bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi‐feature enhancement for terahertz imaging
Authors: Wang Tianhe , Ding Jinshan , Zhang Yuhong
Published: June 2019

A terahertz (THz) imaging enhancement approach is presented by using multi‐features of images. First, a set of THz images are reconstructed from a single data collection using THz time‐domain spectroscopy system by selecting different features. Second, the THz beam model is considered to improve image resolution, which is realised via a Wiener de‐convolution operation. Third, an approach to suppress the noise and enhance image feature is adopted to achieve a better image quality. Finally, three high‐quality images are selected from the new image set as red, green, and blue channels, respectively, to form a pseudo‐colour image. The experimental results suggest that the pseudo‐colour images show multiple features of the sample and achieve a better image quality.
The load of heavy metals leaching from grassland in central Ner River valley
Authors: Bagrowicz Tomasz , Ziułkiewicz Maciej , Mazur Janusz
Published: June 2019

Łódź is the largest Polish city in the zone of the main watershed of the country. The watershed zone offered a dense network of small streams, mostly belonging to the Ner River catchment. The use of the Ner River as a collector of industrial sewage caused the accumulation of high amounts of heavy metals in the river sediments and arable land, intensively fertilised with the waters of the Ner River for more than 40 years. Due to the continuation of irrigations in the river valley, water with a substantially lower degree of contamination with organic substance and biogens returns to Ner from the grassland complexes. The objective of the study is the determination whether improvement of water quality subject to circulation within the grassland complexes also concerns heavy metals. The study area covers grassland complexes in the middle section of the Ner River valley, between the weir in Charbice Górne and Jeżew. Due to the variability of acidic-alkaline and oxidation-reduction conditions caused by variable moisture of the soil containing high amounts of allochtonic (post-sewage) organic matter, the observed grassland complexes show liability in terms of retention and release of the analysed metals to Ner. In summer 2018 on the analysed grassland complexes, conditions favouring the emission of all studied metals occurred. This evidences what the discontinuation of irrigation of grassland complexes, previously irrigated with sewage from Łódź, can lead to. The comparison of sites located along the course of the Ner River also provides a complex image of changes in concentrations, with evident fluctuations of metal concentrations.
Preliminary research for low-cost particulate matter sensor network
Authors: Báthory Csongor , Kiss Márton L. , Trohák Attila , Dobó Zsolt , Palotás Árpád Bence
Published: June 2019

Low-cost particulate matter (PM) sensors may be suitable for indicative air quality measurements thanks to their small dimensions and high spatial resolution. Three different sensor types were selected for investigation in this study with specific focus on a Honeywell HPMA115S0 sensor to find out its usability at outdoors, perform load and long-term tests. The load test showed that the sensor calculates PM10 based on measured PM2.5 values. The analysis shows a break in calculation method at 25 μg/m3 PM2.5, and the calculation method for PM10 varies from 25 μg/m3 by around 81 μg/m3. Parallel test performed with different sensor types has shown that the protective cover formed by lamellar exterior does not affect the accuracy of the sensors, no accumulation or loss of sensitivity occurs. Long-term measurements have shown that the concentration values measured by the Honeywell sensor during outdoor measurements require humidity compensation, over 90% relative humidity (RH) the Pearson correlation coefficient (R) between the reference and sensor PM2.5 concentrations decreased by 0.3.
Geothermal power based ULTDH for cooling and heating purposes
Authors: Ciapała Bartłomiej , Janowski Mirosław
Published: June 2019

Ultra-low temperature district heating systems facilitate use of waste and renewable heat sources. The article presents a possible scheme of operation and optimisation of small ultra-low temperature district heating system consisting of waste heat source, a number of heated individual dwellings and borehole thermal energy storage plant. Optimisation performed for typical meteorological year for Kraków indicate significant potential of decreasing energy amount discharged to the environment and total length of borehole heat exchangers, compared to individual heat/cold production from low-temperature geothermal resources. Meanwhile, satisfied is a set of constrains providing borehole thermal energy storage sustainability and fulfilling entire heating and cooling demands.
Regional strategy of energy and CO2 emissions management – base study on the example of Gliwice region
Authors: Grelich Paulina , Moszczyńska Marta , Stańczyk Grzegorz , Szczerbak Krystian
Published: June 2019

The European Union has set the requirements for year 2030, aimed to increase the energy production from the renewable sources and to lower the CO2 emissions. Currently the percentage of renewable energy production in Poland is too low. The actual data of Gliwice County from Study of Conditions and Directions of Spatial Development (SUIKZP), Plan of Low-Emission Management (PONE/PGN) and Predictions of Impact on the Environment (POŚ) documents was used to calculate the regional energy consumption for heating and electricity. The data has been used in the simulation of the energy consumption and the CO2 emission for year 2030, including the production of the energy using region’s potential renewable resources. Based on that, the authors have calculated how much more energy must be produced from the renewable sources to meet the European Union requirements. The analysis includes the investment cost in the new energy sources and its comparison to the financial penalties the region would have to pay for not meeting the requirements.
Failure frequency of water supply networks in the Podlaskie voivodeship
Authors: Gwoździej-Mazur Joanna , Świętochowski Kamil
Published: June 2019

This article describes the subject matter of the failure frequency of water supply pipes in Poland. The introduction to the article describes the causes of failures in the water supply network as well as a tool for assessment of the failure frequency of water supply pipes, i.e. damage intensity index. The status of Polish literature concerning the problem of failure frequency of water supply networks is also presented, and attention is paid to the absence of studies within the area of the Podlaskie voivodeship. The research part of the article presents the results of calculations of failure frequency indexes for water supply networks in the Podlaskie voivodeship. Materials from the Central Statistical Office for the period of 2015–2017 served as the basis for studies. Damage intensity indexes throughout the entire Podlaskie voivodeship were analyzed. The status of failure frequency of water supply networks was assessed in poviats of the Podlaskie voivodeship during the years 2015–2017. The mean level of failure frequency of water supply networks was also compared between the Podlaskie voivodeship, other voviodeships and the national average. As a result of calculations that were carried out, reference material was obtained for current and future studies concerning failure frequency of water supply networks in the Podlaskie voivodeship as well as other voivodeships of northern Poland.
The sorption of organic compounds from water during technological start-up of carbon filters
Authors: Holc Dorota , Pruss Alina , Komorowska-Kaufman Małgorzata , Mądrecka Beata , Cybulski Zefiryn
Published: June 2019

Natural waters contain organic substances that have a major impact on the quality of water, in particular on its organoleptic properties. They can also change its physical and chemical properties and have a negative impact on the technological processes used during water treatment. There is no doubt that organic substances contained in natural waters have to be removed during treatment processes in order to achieve concentrations consistent with the requirements concerning the quality of water intended for human consumption. A very effective method of organic compounds elimination from water is to use of biologically active filters (BAF). This article presents the results of pilot scale research on the effectiveness of removal of organic compounds from water using filtration through a bed of activated carbon filters, during their technological start-up. The obtained results showed high, more than 91% efficiency of reducing the content of organic compounds expressed by TOC, COD (KMnO4) and UV254 absorbance. The predominant process at the start of the use of carbon filters has been sorption. During the research, the development of biofilm in the filter bed was also controlled. The identification of microorganisms showed the presence of Gram-negative bacteria in the beds of both filter columns.
Preliminary ecotoxicity assessment of selected flavour and fragrance compounds using Microtox assay
Authors: Kołodyński Wojciech , Piekarska Katarzyna , Strub Daniel
Published: June 2019

The bioluminescence inhibition bioassay using marine bacteria Vibrio fischeri is widely used as a tool to assess the toxicity of chemical compounds, because of the many benefits comprising cost and time effectiveness, rapidness, sensitivity, and ease of operation. In addition, the test is used for various types of organic and inorganic compounds. Due to the insolubility of organic compounds in water, a suitable solubilizer should be applied. The ecotoxicity of the solvent should be negligible in relation to marine bacteria. On account of superior human activities the synthesis of new chemical substances is inextricably linked to the emergence of chemical compounds that are a potential threat on environment. A Microtox system utilizing the 81.9% Basic Test with 14 dilutions was applied to pre-evaluate the ecotoxicity of β-cyclocitral oxime, citronellal oxime and perillaldehyde oxime. Substances solutions with an initial concentration of 0.036% in DMSO were prepared. The preliminary results show that the studied scent compounds are characterized by quite high toxicity. In order to confirm the received ecotoxicity values, it is necessary to carry out additional surveys using another range of concentrations and biotests on organisms at each trophic level.
Environmental effects of driving style: impact on fuel consumption
Authors: Lasocki Jakub , Boguszewski Karol
Published: June 2019

From an environmental point of view, the fuel consumption of vehicles with combustion engines is directly related to the depletion of non-renewable crude oil resources and pollutant emission. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effect of driving style on fuel consumption of light-duty vehicles. The study considered five metrics used for quantitative description of driving style: Dynamic Performance Index (DPI), Aggressiveness Factor (AF), Vehicle Aggressivity (VA), Total Aggressivity (TA), based upon the previous works of other researchers, and a newly proposed metric named Driving Style Indicator (DSI). All metrics were applied to the results of chassis dynamometer tests of two light-duty vehicles with spark-ignition and compression-ignition combustion engines. The values of metrics were plotted against corresponding values of fuel consumption to create dependences. Their analysis revealed that AF metric has strong correlation with fuel consumption, but is mathematically complex and requires numerous input data. DSI metric has simple mathematical form and is based only on the speed profile of the vehicle, and yet is characterized by a strong correlation with fuel consumption. DSI metric was further employed to investigate the influence of driving style on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the Well-to-Wheel (WtW) perspective.
Effect on louver dampers configuration on gas maldistribution in a heat exchanger for waste heat recovery
Authors: Ligus Grzegorz , Zając Daniel , Panchal Jatinkumar
Published: June 2019

This paper reports the results of visualization research involving a heat exchanger applied for waste heat recovery using of Digital Particle Image Velocimetry (DPIV) method. Five louver dampers configurations responsible for typical operation modes were tested. As a consequence, airflow maldistribution in the tube bundle section and bypass section were identified and described. Based on the measurements and analysis carried out, the authors have developed a way to implement design changes to optimize gas distribution inside the unit.
Risk assessment in municipal wastewater treatment plant
Authors: Łój-Pilch Magdalena , Zakrzewska Anita , Zielewicz Ewa
Published: June 2019

Each technical facility is exposed to a risk that will hinder or prevent its proper functioning. Risk assessment is a component of the risk management process in municipal wastewater treatment plants, the purpose of which is to reduce the occurrence of events as well as their resulting effects, which adversely affect the operation of the treatment plant. The authors, having based their work on the identification of risk-related phenomena, estimated the value of risk and determined its acceptability. The result of the work was to obtain a risk matrix – in other words, a risk map with a designated hierarchy. This could then be used as a basis to determine the level of risk that an event triggered. This allows for faster response to risky situations and an optimal selection of remedies.
Quasi-dynamic model of the energy efficiency for an air-to-water heat pump
Authors: Piechurski Krzysztof , Szulgowska-Zgrzywa Małgorzata
Published: June 2019

The energy efficiency of air-to-water heat pump operating in an actual heating installation depends on many factors. In order to create a reliable model of the unit, it is necessary to include as many of them as possible. Unfortunately, the most common data provided by heat pump manufacturers are based on tests performed in accordance with the EN 14511 standard [1]. These tests are performed in steady-state conditions and do not provide reliable information on the impact of dynamic effects on the energy efficiency of the device. The solution may be the tests in quasi-dynamic conditions. The article presents the possibility of creating the characteristics of an air-to-water heat pumps based on operational data. The accuracy of the created model has been compared with the characteristics resulting from measurements in steady state conditions. It has been confirmed that dynamic test data, after proper selection, will allow to determine the characteristics of repeatable parameters and this can be an alternative to tests performed in fixed conditions.
URANS and ACM for determining the aerodynamic performance of vertical-axis wind turbine
Authors: Rogowski Krzysztof , Hansen Martin O. L.
Published: June 2019

This paper presents numerical results of a one-bladed vertical axis wind turbine using the k-ε RNG turbulence model. The rotor geometry was developed based on the research report available on the literature. The obtained results of aerodynamic blade loads and wake profiles downstream behind the rotor are in a good agreement with the experiment. This paper presents also the ability of calculating fluid flow parameters around the operating wind turbine by using the original approach – the actuator cell model (ACM).
Reduction of chloride emission by thickening of metallurgical wastewater
Authors: Słowik Krzysztof , Stec Marcin , Iluk Tomasz , Czaplicki Andrzej , Kochel Mateusz
Published: June 2019

Purification and thickening tests of metallurgical industrial wastewater from sintering dust dechlorination unit were carried out. Raw wastewater of pH 6.95 consisted primarily of Zn2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Tl+, Cl-, SO4-2, at concentrations of approx. 3,200; 60; 11,500; 100; 40,100 and 5,300 mg/dm3 respectively. The heavy metals removal consisted in chemical precipitation and sedimentation, firstly by sodium hydroxide, and secondly by sodium sulphide solutions resulting in average removal to levels below 1mg/dm3. Moreover, the experimental studies of evaporation process confirmed the possibility of chloride ions reducing, the distillate yield was approx. 80% of the initial effluent stream. The solid product obtained by two-stage evaporation was characterized by satisfactory purity. The results indicate maturity of the applied processes for wastewater treatment, allowing conditions close to zero-liquid-discharge to be achieved.
Influence of mechanical ventilation and cooling systems on vibrations of high precision machines
Authors: Scislo Lukasz , Szczepanik-Scislo Nina
Published: June 2019

The aim of the research was to describe the effects that air and water cooling systems can have on the dynamic behaviour of precise machines. Although much thought is paid to vibration isolation of the ground and isolation of individual effects of machines operating close to each other, it is often forgotten to model or to measure the effects that the ventilation or the machines cooling systems have on the machine itself. This can be especially important for high precision machines used for experimental research and medical equipment. The article shows the effects of ventilation and cooling system on the induction of additional resonant frequencies of the system for the high precision machine like a linear collider. This kind of machine requires special environmental conditions to assure proper beam stability. Due to the dynamic behaviour of typical machines, the presence of the new high amplitude frequencies in the 0-100 Hz range is very dangerous for its stability of work. In the case of high precision machines, it is not only a cause of not optimal working conditions but very often is a cause of serious problems.
24-hour nutrient mass balance of small storage reservoir included in municipal rainwater drainage system
Authors: Ziułkiewicz Maciej , Górecki Michał , Fortuniak Anna , Walas Aneta , Grulke Rafał
Published: June 2019

The paper presents the results of research, which aimed at tracing the quantitative and qualitative effect of the ”Tomaszowska” urban retention reservoir (located in the Łódź city) on the Olechówka River flowing through it over a period of one day. For this purpose, two measurement-control points were established located directly above the inflow of river to the reservoir, and below the weir. Hydrological and hydrochemical measurements were performed every two hours. Results obtained in this research present the reservoir as an object that in terms of the inflowing river, among others, in a daily balance of pollutants retains mineral and biogenic compounds, and releases dissolved and suspended organic compounds, and also changes the structure of pollution (in the case of total dissolved solids and total nitrogen, increasing the contribution of their organic forms).
Grammatical Descriptions in Manchu Grammar Books from the Qing Dynasty
Authors: Takekoshi Takashi
Published: June 2019

In this paper, we analyse features of the grammatical descriptions in Manchu grammar books from the Qing Dynasty. Manchu grammar books exemplify how Chinese scholars gave Chinese names to grammatical concepts in Manchu such as case, conjugation, and derivation which exist in agglutinating languages but not in isolating languages. A thorough examination reveals that Chinese scholarly understanding of Manchu grammar at the time had attained a high degree of sophistication. We conclude that the reason they did not apply modern grammatical concepts until the end of the 19th century was not a lack of ability but because the object of their grammatical descriptions was Chinese, a typical isolating language.
Dossier : Perspectives franco-brésiliennes autour de l’agroécologie – Alliances et controverses dans la mise en politique de l’agroécologie au Brésil et en France
Authors: Lamine Claire , Niederle Paulo , Ollivier Guillaume
Published: June 2019

Au Brésil comme en France se sont forgées des politiques publiques s’appuyant sur la notion d’agroécologie. Si les agricultures française et brésilienne sont très différentes, dans les deux cas ces politiques publiques sont le produit d’un processus de mise en politique de l’agroécologie qui résulte des interactions entre différents mondes sociaux : les mouvements sociaux, le monde académique, le monde agricole et les politiques publiques. Au travers de ces interactions, qui se traduisent dans les deux pays par des rapports de force et des alliances différents, se dessinent des conceptions, parfois antagonistes, de l’agroécologie, en particulier autour des deux points clés que sont le type d’agriculture et d’agriculteurs visé, et la prise en compte des enjeux de reconnexion entre agriculture et alimentation à l’échelle du système agri-alimentaire.
Estudio comparativo entre la descompresión simple y la transposición nerviosa en el tratamiento del síndrome del túnel cubital
Authors: Marín Marta de Juan , Suárez Luís Martín , Astruga Marta María Baruque , Martínez Irene García , Nuño Cristina Sánchez , Arias Ángel Pérez
Published: June 2019

Introducción y objetivos El tratamiento quirúrgico del síndrome del túnel cubital es de elección en casos moderados y graves. Existen numerosas técnicas, sin un Gold Estándar definido. En este estudio, comparamos dos de ellas: descompresión sin o con trasposición nerviosa.

Material y Método Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de 67 pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente por síndrome del túnel cubital entre enero del 2006 y diciembre del 2016. Los pacientes se clasificaron en dos grupos según la cirugía realizada: descompresión aislada o asociada a trasposición. Se recogieron variables demográficas (edad, género), clínicas (lateralidad y gravedad) y electrofisiológicas (DML, CMAP, MCV, EMG). La variable principal de resultado fue la mejoría o ausencia de ella al año de la intervención.

Resultados 67 pacientes se incluyeron en el estudio definitivo, 37 varones (55,2%) y 30 mujeres (44,8%), sin diferencias en la distribución entre los dos grupos en edad, género o lateralidad. Según la clasificación clínica de Dellon, 14 pacientes (20,9%) se correspondieron con el grado I (leve), 24 (35,8%) con el II (moderado) y 29 (43,3%) con el grado III (grave), sin diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos. Los resultados del estudio electrofisiológico también fueron similares en ambos. En el grupo sometido a descompresión in situ, 16 pacientes mejoraron (84,2%, n = 19). A los que se le realizó la trasposición, 39 mejoraron tras la intervención (81,3%, n = 48). Se observa que no existen diferencias en los resultados posquirúrgicos entre los pacientes según la técnica quirúrgica. Tampoco se encuentra una relación entre las variables recogidas y los resultados posquirúrgicos analizados según el tipo de cirugía realizada.

Conclusión La descompresión con trasposición no es superior a la descompresión aislada en nuestra muestra. El tiempo quirúrgico y las complicaciones asociadas a la trasposición, parecen más frecuentes, por lo que se recomendaría la descompresión in situ en casos de compresión primaria.
A GW-level Ku-band oversized coaxial relativistic Cerenkov generator with low guiding magnetic field
Authors: Wu Xiaoling , Chen Changhua , Teng Yan , Wu Ping , Xiao Renzhen , Shi Yanchao , Yang Dewen , Sun Jun
Published: June 2019

A novel coaxial relativistic Cerenkov generator (CRCG) operating in quasi-transverse electromagnetic mode is proposed for generating Ku-band high-power microwave radiation. It is found that using a cathode with a shielding electrode can decrease the diffusing electric field in the diode, thereby allowing a CRCG with the proposed diode structure to operate in a low guiding magnetic field. Taking advantage of the two-sectional slow wave structure, the output power and conversion efficiency are improved. Furthermore, a simple optimization rule is proposed for the length of the drift cavity and is verified by numerical simulation. In a particle-in-cell simulation, when the diode voltage and beam current are 550 kV and 4.2 kA, respectively, the microwave with an output power of 1 GW at 15.3 GHz is achieved in a guiding magnetic field of 0.35 T, yielding a conversion efficiency of 43%.
Atmospheric Corrosion Assessment of Structural Steel Exposed in The Environment of Palm Oil Processing (PKS) Industry Around Coastal Zone
Authors: Zulfri M , Ali N , Husaini  , Fonna S , Huzni S , Mulyati S , Cut B
Published: June 2019

Corrosion is the main cause of mature failures for infrastructure such as residential, public facilities, and also industries. Regarding of industry which having a rapid growth in the province of Aceh, especially Palm Oil Processing (PKS), the existence must be noticed in line with the environmental impact that caused by operations such as industrial gases which can be polluted the atmosphere. This condition can transform the infrastructure especially steel which is located around PKS becomes more vulnerable to the corrosion attacks. This study aims to investigate the corrosion atmospheric of structural steel in the PKS area and operational impacts for the infrastructure of PKS at PT. Ensem Sawita and PKS PT Anugerah Fajar Rejeki(AFR). Infrastructure corrosion is focused on measuring atmospheric corrosion rate of structural steel surrounding PKS area. Several types of steels will be selected as a specimen. The corrosion rate is calculated with mass-loss method referring to ASTM G50 standard. The location of selected PKS is around ± 5kmfrom the coast. The results are obtained after exposure during 4 months, the corrosion rate that occurs for 5 types of structural steel was in normal level. It is classified in the outstanding level of relative corrosion resistance (<1mpy). So, the usage of 5 types structural steel is relatively safe on palm industries and related areas.
Mechanical and Durability Properties of High Strength High Performance Concrete Incorporating Rice Husk Ash
Authors: Bahri Syamsul , Mahmud H.B , Shafigh Payam , Majuar Edi
Published: June 2019

Nowadays, more infrastructure projects require concrete to have a high durability in addition to high strength. High strength high performance concrete (HSHPC) was developed to solve those problems. The weaknesses of HSHPC are high cost of constituent material such as silica fume which is mostly used as supplementary cementitious material (SCM), high cement content at low w/b, low workability and the need of specific curing regime. This research utilized rice husk ash (RHA) as the local waste material as an alternative to silica fume (SF). Five mixes of OPC concrete, 10%, 15% and 20% partial cement replacement by RHA, and 10% partial cement replacement by SF were chosen. The water/cementitious ratio adopted was 0.25 and the total cementitious materials content was 550 kg/m3. The mixing method adopted was the two-step mixing method. In addition to the development of compressive strength, workability, modulus of elasticity and the residue of compressive strength of concrete experienced immerse in 5% solution of magnesium sulphate were also reported. The specimens were cured and tested at 1, 3, 7, 28 and 56 days. Results show that concrete incorporating rice husk ash as 10% partial cement replacement and crushed granite as coarse aggregate with maximum size of 19 mm can achieve compressive strength as high as 110 MPa at 28 days under water curing regime. The HSHPC incorporating 10% RHA showed better overall performance than the HSHPC containing 10% silica fume and the control OPC.
Hydrogen Permeation of Pd-Cu/Alumina Composite Membranes Fabricated by Combined Sol-gel and Less-electric Plating Technique
Authors: Sari Ratna , Mulyati Sri , Dewi Ratni , Hakim Lukman
Published: June 2019

The demand for purified hydrogen (CO < 10 ppm) has led to the development of the use of a dense Pd or Pd alloy membrane which selectively permeates the only hydrogen to produce ultra-pure hydrogen. In this work, a combined sol-gel process and a less-electric plating technique were used to prepare Pd-Cu coated ceramic alumina membranes tube. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray(EDX) were used to characterize the membranes. Permeation tests hydrogen and nitrogen single gas were performed in a temperature range 300-500°C and with pressure range 1.08-1.38 atm. It is found that the highest hydrogen flux of 1.3 mol m2 s−1was obtained at temperature 500°C and pressure difference 0.38 atm. The highest H2/N2 selectivity of 105 was obtained at temperature 500°C and pressure difference 0.08 atm.
Wireless Communication for Remote Power Monitoring on Utility Electric
Authors: Azhar  , Kamal M , Subhan
Published: June 2019

One of the results of the monitoring of electric power is to perform monitoring and security analyses. among others. a power utility electricity namely electric parameter monitor way such as voltage, current. power factor. frequency, apparent power. real power. reactive power and electric energy, Operation power remote monitoring this work based on data or electrical parameter information displayed by the power meter PM9C then forwarded to ethernet gateway, In this research the method of electrical parameter data communication that is by utilizing the device wireless ADSL2 + modem router to transmit electrical parameters and data received by the personal computer, Powerlogic EGX300 software displays two groups of electrical parameter data is real time page and device logging, On the real time page consists of a single device pages. trending and device summary, Device intended for logging access each measuring device which is connected to utility power, The results of the communication data without wires. in the monitoring of the powerlogic EGX300 software can display data parameters in the form of electricity metering. electrical parameter data and trending curve. Electrical parameter data include voltage. current. power factor. frequency. apparent power. real power. reactive power and electric energy (kWh. kVARh. kVAh).
Optimization of Tilt Angle for Photovoltaic: Case Study Sabang-Indonesia
Authors: Yassir A , Zamzami U , Fauzan K , Hasannuddin T , Subhan
Published: June 2019

Renewable energy sources as alternative energy are needed for electrical power, reliability such as Sabang tourism area. This paper provides the most optimal angle of installation of photovoltaic (PV) to obtain the optimum PV energy with the genetic algorithm method. Daily energy that PV can accept as fitness, the tilt angle (β) as an individual evaluation with a limit of -90o to 90o. The optimal tilt angle in the area of the simulation results is equal to 6o facing south. Comparisons are made with tilt angles of 15, 30, and 60 facing south. The results show that installation with an optimal angle with the genetic algorithm method can increase the energy received by PV by 2%, 9.5%, and 38%.
Life Cycle Assessment of Cane-sugar in Indonesian Sugar Mill: Energy Use and GHG Emissions
Authors: Gunawan  , Bantacut Tajuddin , Romli Muhammad , Noor Erliza
Published: June 2019

This paper presents the life cycle assessment (LCA) of sugar cane production at PG Ngadirejo, that is consist of sugar cane cultivation, transportation and sugar processing. The objective of the study was to identify and review the critical areas of potential Global Warning Potential (GWP) environmental impacts in sugarcane life cycle on PG Ngadirejo. Energy consumption in the sugarcane life cycle is 116.562.52 MJ/ton sugar where the largest consumption in coal energy usage 87%. The relative contribution of CO2emission contributor, sugar processing contributes the biggest GHG emission of 96.4% (10.728 ton CO2/ton of sugar) with the use of fossil fuels reaching 9,344 ton CO2/ton sugar (87%). In sugarcane cultivation, fertilizer manufacture contributed the largest environmental impact of 0.29 tons CO2/ton of sugar 73.48%, pesticide manufacture 22.5%, and mechanization 4%. The emission reduction from bagasse that replaces fossil fuels in sugar production is 2.43 tons CO2-eq/ton of sugar, reaching 25% of total CO2/ton sugar emissions. Some options for the environmental performance improvement of sugarcane including the optimal use of fertilizers and pesticides, the concentration of sugar mills, co-generation project implementation.
Influence of Press Temperature on The Properties of Binderless Particleboard
Authors: Milawarni  , Nurlaili  , Sariadi  , Amra Siti , Yassir
Published: June 2019

All experimental binderless particleboard were manufactured using coffee husk. In this case, we apply a method so called an oxidation method that uses 15% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and a Ferro-sulphate (FeSO4) 7.5% catalyst. The methods refer to JIS A 5908-2003 standard. In this paper, through the test, we evaluate some properties of the panel including density, modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), internal bond strength (IB), thickness swelling (TS) and water absorption (WA). The panel is made with a target density of 0.75 g / cm3 using pressing temperatures of 150,160,170,180 and 1900C. The result shows that, by increasing pressing temperatures, some parameters such as the modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity and internal bonding of the particleboards tend to increase while their water absorption and thickness swelling decreased. The best physical and mechanical properties of binderless particleboard from coffee husk were obtained in pressing temperature of 1800C. Microscopic study using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed that panels made with pressing temperature of 1800C have bond characteristics that support the improvement of panel properties. Thus, this study addressed that the mechanical and physical properties of the panel were influenced by pressing temperature.
Planning A Village Waste Management System using System Dynamics Modelling and Simulation: TPS 3R Case Study in Aceh, Indonesia
Authors: Mulyati T , Mutawaqqil M , Ilyas  , Sastra HY
Published: June 2019

The increasing amount of waste every year leads to the increasing capacity load and the decreasing life cycle of the landfill. In Banda Aceh, the official landfill is no longer able to accommodate garbage by 2018. Thus, in order to reduce the load on the landfill, waste reduction activities from sources must be conducted as mandated in the constitution UU No.18 2008. TPS 3R (Waste Processing Facility Reduce Reuse Recycle) is introduced by Ministry of Public Works as a waste management system from its source in villages. It has been planned to be built at several points in Banda Aceh villages, including Rukoh. In order to achieve the target of waste reduction according to Permen PU No.3 2013 and the Government of Aceh by 30% in 2020, the appropriate TPS 3R specification is required to achieve such number. In this research, system dynamics modelling and simulation using software Stella Architect used to develop the best-case scenario for waste management system in Rukoh Village in the form of TPS 3R. The main result is that the facility should be built with combination of 1 unit of composter, 2 units of plastic counters, and minimum participation of 131 households.
The effect of level concentration ceriops tagal on leather tanning of barramundi (lates calcarifer) fish skin on chemical, mechanical and leather morphology properties
Authors: Kasmudjiastuti Emiliana , Murti Rihastiwi Setiya
Published: June 2019

Vegetable tanning is the most classical tanning process to give leather the most natural and environmental friendly characteristics. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of concentrations of Ceriops tagal as vegetable tanning material on chemical, mechanical, and leather morphology properties. The experiments were conducted by tanning the Barramundi fish skin using 15, 20 and 25% of Ceriops tagal followed by Aluminum 4%. The chemical, mechanical properties of the leather were analyzed and microscopic observation was also conducted. Microscopic observation with the scanning electron microscope (SEM) has been performed to investigate the grain characteristics and fibre structure of the tanned leather. The results of this study indicated that Ceriops tagal concentration affected on chemical and mechanical properties. The optimum result of this research was shown at the usage of 25 % Ceriops tagal. The results of analysis on the Barramundi fish skin showed the following properties: The chemical properties were tannin bound content of 31.1%; hide substance content of 37.68%; and degree of tannage of 82.96%. Their mechanical properties were tensile strength of (14.31±3.73 N/mm2); elongation at break of (62.68±9.33%); and tear strength of (587.85±141.25 N/cm).
Evaluation of cost and time control in Lhokseumawe City improvement project using earned value method (Case Study Street Alue Raya-Line Pipa)
Authors: Amin Bakhtiar , Anwar Chairil , Miswardi T.
Published: June 2019

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the amount of cost and use of time that has been used in the Improvement Project Street Alue Raya-Line Pipa Lhokseumawe City. The method that used in this study is the concept of yield value (earned value analysis) review trends in schedule variants and cost variants for a period during the project. By doing this earned value study method, evaluating the completion of the project with BPWP = IDR. 864.310.464,06, BCWS = IDR. 393.436.638,08, and ACWP = IDR. 591.235.630,69, in terms of cost variance (CV) > 0 with cost performance index (CPI) > 1 so that is obtained project completion cost (EAC) 68% of a budget plan that is IDR. 2.037.182.494,70, while from the schedule aspects the project is decreasing in time by 47% of plan or 16 weeks to be 9,45 weeks indicated value SPI > 1.
Feasibility Using Electric Arc Furnace Dust as Cementing Material in High Performance Concrete
Authors: Rizal Faisal , Fauzi Amir , Yunus Yuhanis
Published: June 2019

High performance concrete (HPC) is a specialized type of concrete that has been designed to be more durable and stronger than conventional concrete, thus became popular due to its superior mechanical and durability properties. Use of supplementary cementing materials such as fly ash, silica fume, and EAFD is often mandatory in the production of high-strength concrete. The effect of EAFD on the fresh and hardened properties of high performance mortar (HPM) mixtures prepared using different water-to-cementious materials (w/cm) ratios were investigated. A comparative study between EAFD and two well-known supplementary cementitious materials at different replacement levels of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% at w/cm ratios of 0.4 and 0.3 was carried out. The results showed that the setting times of mixtures incorporating up to 20 % EAFD were in the normal range and similar to those of controls, SF and FA mixtures. At any w/cm ratio, the EAFD can be used up to 15% replacement level and at this replacement level, the compressive strength is between the FA and SF contents. Furthermore, the 20% EAFD give lower electric charge values than the control mixture, and it is better than FA mixtures. Tests on selected high-performance concrete (HPC) mixes confirmed the results from HPM mixtures. Use of 10% EAFD as a cement replacement in HPC show there are similar setting times to HPC mixes with 10% SF and 20% FA. The compressive strength of EAFD mix was slightly lower than those of SF and FA mixes but exceeded that of controls.
Optimization of instant Pliek u (fermented coconut meat) production using Kinetic Dryer
Authors: Rohaya S , Erfiza N M , Amanda V , Sulaiman I
Published: June 2019

Pliek u is a traditional food of Aceh, Indonesia, obtained traditionally by coconut meat fermentation and added into food or cuisines to enhance the food taste and flavour. This product commonly contains high water and fat causing rancidity and declining of quality over storage time. Therefore, further processes were required to preserve quality and to extend shelf life of pliek u. Moreover, in order to provide ready-to-eat product, instantpliek u was produced. This research aimed to optimize the production of instant pleik u through drying process using kinetic dryer. Pliek u contained 18.8% of water, 32.34% of fat and 4.63% of ash. In this research, pliek u then was dried at 30, 40, 50 and 55 °C for 10 hours. The results showed that weight loss of pliek u increased over drying temperature and duration. In contrast, moisture content of pliek u decreased over drying temperature and duration. Moisture content of pliek u reached below 12% after kinetic drying at 30 °C for 5 hours, similarly after drying at 40 °C for 4 hours, 50 and 55 °C for 3 hours. In addition, drying rate of pliek u firstly rose over drying time and then remained constant.
Analysis and implementation of the Port Knocking method using Firewall-based Mikrotik RouterOS
Authors: Mursyidah  , Husaini  , Atthariq  , Arhami Muhammad , Hidayat Hari Toha , Anita  , Ramadhona
Published: June 2019

Static firewalls such as packet filtering that restrict access based on addresses on NIC (Network Interface Card) devices in the form of MAC addresses will make dependence on the device, this will make it difficult for administrators. This type of firewall is vulnerable to packet spoofing in the form of MAC address spoofing. Firewall port knocking in some previous research, port Knocking using third-party applications that must be installed and dependence on certain. This port knocking method with port programming based on socket programming aims to provide easy access without dependence on IP addresses and Mac addresses or operating systems as well as better security through a tap format that must go through 4 stages, namely having to use the correct protocol type, port number correct, correct order and send the correct string to obtain access rights. The Port knocking method only allows access to clients who have performed the correct and complete knocking port. Knocking port applications are made using socket-based programming that can run on Windows and Linux operating systems and do not need the installation process so that the authentication process is less than 2 seconds. The compatibility of the port Knocking application makes access easier and faster. The port knocking method firewall has a filter effectiveness of 66.7% and better resistance to DDoS attacks than packet filtering based on data service quality. Port Knocking gets RTT value of 380 ms (Medium Category) and Packet loss of 8.3% (Good Category), while packet filtering gets RTT value of 2858 (Poor Category) and Packet Loss of 56.3% (Poor Category).
Potensial Use of Backyard for Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus Ostreatus) Cultivation to Increase Family income; Studies on Break-Event Point Analysis
Authors: Sayuti M , Puspasari Cindenia , Anshar Khairul , Zeki Muhammad
Published: June 2019

The utilization of backyard for oyster mushroom cultivation has been done in Panggoi Village, Muara Dua sub-district, Lhokseumawe-Aceh City, Indonesia. Besides becoming source of food and meeting nutritional needs, this cultivation program has also increased family income living in the area. In addition, this activity encourages consumption of various local ingredients through a balanced diet, which is expected to help reduce dependency on rice consumption. The cultivation area is 4m x 4m which is enough to accommodate 1,000 baglog. For the program to be sustainable, a feasibility study for Break-Event Point (BEP) has been conducted. The results show that cultivating 1,000 units of baglog of white oyster mushroom creates IDR 9,496,889 worth of profit at every one production cycle (4 months). Based on the calculation, it can be concluded that BEP is reached when 220,12 kg of mushrooms are sold (BEPproduction). As for the BEP Unit, the break-even point is on the cultivation of 46 baglog. This implies that the use of backyard for the cultivation of oyster mushrooms is feasible to be performed in hope for an increase in family income.
Decision Support System for Proposed Physical Development of Bantul Building Using Case-Based Reasoning
Authors: Prihatin Nanang
Published: June 2019

In accordance with Regulation number 1 the year 1994 concerning the general spatial plan, the development must be optimally utilized without ignoring the principle of balance and sustainability. Development programs implemented by the Government of Bantul (for the rest of the abstract defines as Bantul), specifically the physical construction of the building, or in other words the infrastructure is currently progressing incredibly fast. It is marked with the number of facilities and public services buildings in the Bantul such as government buildings, educational and health facilities, etc. The process of physical building assessment submitted by the regional work units (Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah/SKPD). It requires good planning since it involves massive costs and also complies with general spatial planning of Bantul. This research aimed to establish a system of decision making to assess a proposal of the physical development building by using case-based reasoning (CBR). The assessment process is done by entering values on the elements of assessment and also to determine the priority rating for each type of building. The algorithm used is k-Nearest Neighbor with a similarity function by using the Normalized Euclidean Distance. The results show that recommendations follow-on from physical development proposal assessment decision depends on the recommendation of previous cases buildings that ranked first in a list of cases with the results of its smallest Euclidean. Leaders as decision-makers can make decisions by following recommendations issued by the system, but leaders can also determine the outcome of their decisions without following system recommendations.
Feasibility of Using Radioactive Particle Tracking as an Alternative Technique for Experimental Investigation in Bubble Column Reactor
Authors: Mohd Yunos Mohd Amirul Syafiq , Sipaun Susan Maria , Hussain Siti Aslina
Published: June 2019

Radioactive particle tracking (RPT) is one of the non-invasive techniques for monitoring and investigating multiphase flow system. This technique have been widely utilized in the field of chemical process engineering for better understanding and optimizing process hydrodynamics especially in the multiphase reactor such as bubble column reactor. Due to opaque nature of industrial process systems, especially in the case of multiphase flows, noninvasive methods based on ionizing radiation have been considered for evaluating the hydrodynamic parameters. The feasibility study of radioactive particle tracking techniques in quadrilateral bubble column reactor has been successfully achieved. The radioactive particle tracking facility and data acquisition system has been developed and experimental calibration using single particle radioactive particle46Sc to investigate dynamics behaviour of quadrilateral bubble column reactor is completed. The results indicated that there is back mixing behaviour in the bubble column process. The results also reported that the radioactive particle46Sc is still in good condition and there is no radiation contamination problem arises while performing radioactive particle tracking techniques. The RPT technique was performed to reveal the instantaneous velocity and time-averaged liquid velocity in the current bubble column reactor.
Geometry for evolving topographies of light-responsive plastic sheets
Authors: Warner Mark
Published: June 2019

Recently, topography change by illumination of pre-stretched, flat sheets covered in ink of optical density varying in-plane has been demonstrated by (Mailen et al, 2019 Smart Mater. Struct. 48 107587). They reduce an analysis of the problem to one of metric change in the sheets in the thin limit, that is, to a question of geometry. We present the explicit form of the contraction field needed to produce the bowls these authors were interested in, using a method that can also yield the contraction field for more general desired, circularly-symmetric topography development. We give as examples the fields required for developing paraboloids and catenoids.