bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ESTIMATION OF SME CREDIT RISKS BY DATA MINING METHODS
Authors: Matviychuk Andriy , Artiukh Olha
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to solving the scientific and practical problem of modeling credit risks of borrowers of commercial banks – small and medium enterprises (SME). SME lending in Ukraine is characterized by high risk but the need for lending is increasing and essential, which is due to the socio-economic importance of SMEs. That is why there is a need to use methods and models of intelligent data analysis. Using data mining methods, that are perceptron-type neural networks, logistic regressions and decision trees, researched and analyzed in this paper. The database of bank borrowers was used for the research. In particular, 21 financial and economic indicators of enterprise activity were used for modeling. The article carries out a comparative effectiveness analysis of these tools in solving stated problem. During the research, the general population of data was randomly divided into a general and a test sample, and each of them kept the proportion of default units. The experimental calculations demonstrated the greatest suitability for assessing the risks of lending of enterprises the AI methods, namely neural nets of perceptron type. To compare the results of the models, the following values were used: common accuracy, AUC, GINI, specificity, sensitivity. The most significant parameters for the models are also indicated. The study results in recommendations for the application of the built scoring model in banking in order to reduce the level of SME credit operations riskiness.
APPLYING STOCHASTIC EVOLUTIONARY EQUATIONS WITH MARKOV-SWITCHING MODELS IN NON-CLASSICAL APPROXIMATION SCHEMES TO CONSTRUCT AND ANALYSE THE INFORMATION STRUGGLE MODEL
Authors: Nikitin Anatolii , Kotsiuk Yurii , Savchuk Oleksandr
Published: December 2022

Analysis of the state of the art asymptotic properties of stochastic evolution models reveals that a complete theory is still to be worked out. Well understood are the deterministic models and stochastic ones which are given by differential equations, in particular with Markov switchings and perturbations in the classical schemes of averaging or diffusion approximation. Thus, it seems natural to develop a theory of evolution equations with Markov switchings and random perturbations in nonclassical approximation schemes. We consider stochastic equations with Markov switchings and impulse perturbations under the conditions of Levy and Poisson approximation. The results obtained in the present research may be divided into two parts. In the first part, we consider some prelimit evolution models with a small normalization parameter. We find the form of the limit generators for the impulse processes and the dynamical system in the schemes of the Poisson approximation and the Levy approximation. It is important that in this part of the thesis the asymptotic behavior of the limit process is concluded with the help of the analysis of parameters of the prelimit system. Further, in the second part we explore, analyze and provide the peculiarities of constructing the information struggle model described by such stochastic evolution. The new pattern is decoded as the effect of rare events quickly changing certain perceptions of a large number of people. As a result, the number of supporters of different ideas makes stochastic jumps, which one can see using non-classical approximation schemes.
GLOBAL EXPERIENCE OF IT COMPANIES' MANAGEMENT
Authors: Ivanov Mykola
Published: December 2022

The article summarizes the global experience of IT companies management and defines the prospects for its application in Ukraine. It is noted that today the IT sector is one of the leading types of economic activity in our country, as it solves issues in almost all spheres of the national economy and ensures the national security of the state in conditions of martial law. It has been revealed that today the information resource combined with modern management technologies is able to significantly increase the efficiency of production due to the use of the latest technologies and tools for the personnel potential. It was noted that the development of information technologies (IT) made it possible to improve business processes according to the following criteria: efficiency, ease of use, convenience, evidence and information processing reliability, etc. Based on the generalization of the leading world countries' experience, it was found that the activities of companies and large corporations are always associated with the accumulation of significant volumes of data, which require the use of modern analysis and visualization tools. At the same time, the implementation of such tools opens up great potential opportunities for the world's leading companies to obtain information that will be timely, relevant and will provide an opportunity to make certain management decisions regarding the situation in the market to which they belong and maintain their positions in the conditions of fierce competition. The central consumers of IT companies services  in Ukraine have been identified. It was concluded that Western IT companies use tools for the introduction of modern technologies of information accumulation and its visualization, applying various methods that allow taking into account the interests and requirements of external and internal stakeholders, which significantly increases the economic efficiency of their activities and competitiveness on the market.
INTEGRATED BUSINESS STRATEGY OF THE ORGANIZATION FOR THE DESTINATION MANAGEMENT ORGANISATIONS (DMO)
Authors: Korzh Nataliia , Onyshchuk Natalya
Published: December 2022

Destination Management Organizations play a leading role in managing the network of destinations and establishing and maintaining cooperation between stakeholders. It has been proven that destination management organizations (DMOs) need to perform both managerial and marketing functions. The criteria of their productivity are organizational efficiency and effectiveness. The article solves the problem of measuring productivity (effective use of organizational resources by the management) of DMO and optimization of the main processes in order to ensure the creation of added value in the entire value chain in tourism. Strategic management tools were used in combination with Lean Six Sigma method tools. This made it possible to build a value-oriented model of DMO process optimization, which will provide support for decision-making regarding the structure of the tourism chain, coordinate the movement of goods and the provision of services, as well as the exchange of information between organization members and stakeholders. According to the authors, this can be achieved through the integration of activities: promotion and marketing, understanding consumer requirements, access to technology and the implementation of innovative practices, training and professional development, quality consulting for clients, and the implementation of a modern management concept – lean management in DMO will contribute to increasing the number tourists and growth of added value at all. The presented methodology for building the strategic boundaries of DMO development, using Lean Six Sigma methods, will contribute to the optimal development of tourist destinations, presenting a complete current picture of processes and interdependencies between them within the framework of one management organization. This can be the basis for the development of an interactive decision support structure that is used to optimize activities and operations in DMO.
ECONOMIC SECURITY ENDOGENOUS FACTORS' ANALYSIS IN THE MODERN MEASURE
Authors: Levkovska Lyudmila , Dobryanskyy Oleg
Published: December 2022

The article examines modern features of the economic security factors formation at the micro level. The specifics of the division of factors affecting the economic security of economic entities into internal and external ones have been determined, and the specifics and nature of internal threats to economic security have also been clarified The importance of the influence of internal factors of the economic security of enterprises on the effectiveness of their functioning and the success of the market struggle is determined. The criteria for the division of economic security factors according to their individual directions have been determined, and the importance of comprehensive consideration of the influence of all factors in connection with the cumulative effect of their action has been proven. The modern specificity of the transformation of economic security factors of business entities is determined, which is connected with the general changes taking place in the global economic system under the influence of the intensive introduction of modern digital and information technologies into the practice of enterprises. The classification of potential dangers and threats to the economic security of economic entities, which are defined as endogenous factors, is considered and their essential characteristics are determined. It is proven that depending on the field of activity and the market situation, the influence of various factors on the economic security of the enterprise is determined in different ways, since in such conditions the level of influence on security has an individual character for each individual enterprise. It has been proven that threats to the economic security of economic entities change depending on the type of their activity. Therefore, each enterprise will have its own system of threats specific to this enterprise. In this regard, it has been proven that the main task of company managers, based on the specific situation in which the economic entity will find itself, is to identify the most dangerous threats and develop an effective system of measures aimed at their timely detection, prevention or mitigation.
ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS OF ENTERPRISE'S INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Yashchyshyna Iryna , Svider Oleksandr
Published: December 2022

The article is devoted to the theoretical and methodological foundations of the application of the basic systems of economic management of the enterprise in the management of innovative development. The relevance of the problem lies in the fact that a modern enterprise on the way to success must take a number of circumstances into account, first of all, it must be based on the introduction of innovations, and economic management of the enterprise should be the the basis of management. The main focus of the article is on the analysis of three systems of economic management of the enterprise – the CVP system, the system of balanced indicators and the controlling system. The author identified the main problems solved by each of the systems regarding the innovative development of enterprises, the advantages and disadvantages of their use in the management of scientific research and innovation activities of the enterprise. It was determined that the CVP system enables the construction of a model of planned income from innovative activities and partially solves the biggest problem of innovative development of the enterprise – taking into account innovative risks; the system of balanced indicators coordinates the operational and strategic management of innovative development by building a complex of interrelated specific indicators of their achievement, helps to determine indicators of intangible asset evaluation; the controlling system involves the creation of a new concept of management, which is based on the management's way of thinking, focused on effective economic management and on the basis of the formation and use of information support for analysis, planning, and evaluation of innovative development. In fact, each of the three analyzed systems solves separate problems of improving the management of research and innovation and reflects the need to change the concept of management by innovative development of a modern enterprise. The conducted analysis of the peculiarities of the use of each of the economic management systems in relation to the innovative development of the enterprise will enable the optimization of managerial decision-making in the process of forming and implementing strategic and operational plans of the enterprise.
KEY DETERMINANTS OF THE PUBLIC DEBT MARKET STATE OF UKRAINE IN THE PRE-WAR PERIOD
Authors: Hantsiak Mykhailo
Published: December 2022

Balance on the public debt market is a guarantee of the stability of public finances. The state of public debt and the country's debt security depend on the efficiency of the public debt market of any country. When determining the key determinants of the debt market state, indicators that take into account the macroeconomic conditions of the borrowing country should be taken into account. Therefore, the article focuses on relative indicators. In addition, it is worth taking into account not only the indicators contained in domestic regulations, but also international recommendations. Usually, international standards characterizing debt security are quite high. Compliance with such indicators is primarily important for countries with emerging markets, to which Ukraine belongs. And for highly developed countries, the key is compliance with solvency, not indicators and norms related to the size of the debt and its components. The key determinants of the Ukraine's public debt market state in the pre-war period were the definition and assessment of the following indicators: the ratio of state and guaranteed state debt to gross domestic product, the share of debt in foreign currency, the share of guaranteed debt, the share of external debt, the ratio of gross external debt to GDP and the ratio of official international reserves to external debt, an indicator of the ratio of debt repayment expenditures in relation to general budget expenditures, as well as the ratio of debt service expenditures in budget expenditures. All the analyzed indicators illustrate a permanent excess of the permissible norms, which are substantiated by scientists and recommended by international financial institutions. The high debt burden on the budget and the economy as a whole, caused by the State debt accumulated over the years, is extremely negative. The high level of expenses for maintenance and debt payment makes it necessary to reduce the total expenses of the state, which affects social or other components, or forces to expand fiscal sources and increase fiscal pressure.
FINANCIAL SECTOR OF UKRAINE: FUNCTIONING IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR
Authors: Moroz Nataliia , Moroz Yelyzaveta
Published: December 2022

The article examines the trends in the functioning of the financial sector of Ukraine in wartime conditions. A full-scale war has led to a deep crisis, the consequences of which will be long-lasting and significant for the financial sector. The activity of banking institutions maintains continuity, liquidity and continues lending, although it has become unprofitable. A major role in this was played by the National Bank of Ukraine, which has been reforming the banking system since 2015, and made a timely response to changing circumstances. Non-bank financial institutions turned out to be significantly more vulnerable to operational risk and a significant number of them were forced to cease their activities. The NBU introduced regulatory relaxations to facilitate the operation of banks and non-bank financial institutions under martial law. The regulator has taken the necessary measures to support the financial sector, then each market participant must ensure the support and recovery of their activities. Further recommendations regarding the support of the financial sector by the state (increasing the volume of state concessional lending to businesses; increasing the volume of lending to the government; legislative settlement of issues related to loss, damage to property of borrowers of funds as a result of military operations; legislative settlement of issues regarding the possibility of suspending the activities of credit unions that have financial problems for the period of martial law), by the regulator (strengthening financial monitoring of financial market participants; prompt and flexible response to changes in market conditions) and financial institutions (improvement of credit risk assessment approaches to make them commensurate with the depth of the current crisis; adaptation of business models to current operating conditions; improvement of cyber protection systems; timely preparation and submission of reports to the NBU, informing the regulator about the risks of violating the requirements for financial indicators) are outlined.
Hubungan Tingkat Spiritual dengan Kejadian Quarter Life Crisis pada Mahasiswa Tingkat Akhir
Authors: Urrahma Naimi Syifa , Wahyuni Sri , Utomo Wasisto
Published: December 2022

Pendahuluan: Quarter life crisis merupakan fenomena yang terjadi pada usia 20-an tahun. Spiritual disebut sebagai salah satu faktor yang berhubungan dengan quarter life crisis. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat spiritual individu dengan kejadian quarter life crisis pada mahasiswa tingkat akhir. Metode: Desain penelitian yang digunakan  deskriptif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di salah satu perguruan tinggi di Riau terhadap 224 mahasiswa tingkat akhir dari sepuluh fakultas dengan menggunakan teknik proporsional random sampling. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah kuisioner Spiritual Well-Being Questionnaire (SWBQ) dan Quarter life crisis dengan nilai  validitas (0,466-0,757) dan (0,496-0,858). Uji deskriptif sederhana dan uji chi-square digunakan dalam analisa data. Hasil Penelitian: Tingkat spiritual mahasiswa berada pada tingkat rendah sebanyak 31 mahasiswa (13,8%), tingkat sedang sebanyak 148 mahasiswa (66,1%), dan tingkat tinggi sebanyak 45 mahasiswa (20,1%). Dimensi spiritual bagian personal merupakan bagian yang paling rendah diantara dimensi lainnya. Mahasiswa yang mengalami quarter life crisis sebanyak 193 (86,2%). Hasil uji statistik didapatkan p value (0,000) < α (0,05), yang berarti adanya  hubungan  signifikan  antara tingkat spiritual dengan kejadian quarter life crisis pada mahasiswa tingkat akhir. Kesimpulan: Spiritual adalah hal penting bagi mahasiswa dalam upaya mencegah quarter life crisis. Diperlukan suatu upaya dalam meningkatkan spiritual mahasiswa tingkat akhir terutama pada bagian personal untuk mencegah terjadinya quarter life crisis.
Catalytic Olefin Transpositions Facilitated by Ruthenium N,N,N-Pincer Complexes
Authors: Davies Alex , Greene Kara , Allen Anthony , Stephenson Corey , Szymczak Nathaniel
Published: December 2022

Previous reports with our N,N,N-pincer Ru hydride catalysts have shown their synthetic versatility in the ability to perform various transfer dehydrogenation reactions, deuterations, and (semi)-hydrogenations. In this report, we expand the reactivity of these complexes to encompass olefin transposition/isomerization via a chain-walking mechanism. Furthermore, we report several one-pot cascade reaction sequences derived from the products of the transposition reactions. The protocol occurs at room temperature achieving excellent yields, regioselectivity, and diastereoselectivity in short reaction times
Click to learn, learn to click: Undergraduate Synthetic Organic Chemistry experiments
Authors: Lopez-Ruiz Alejandro , Ortega-Muñoz Mariano , Santoyo-Gonzalez Francisco , Megia-Fernandez Alicia
Published: December 2022

The optimization of an undergraduate experiment for Organic Chemistry students is described to explore the concept of click chemistry. The preparation of a terminal fluorescent alkyne and an organic azide is reported consisting of simple steps. These are employed in the Cu(I)-catalized azide-alkyne cycloaddition to obtain a novel molecule containing a triazole ring whose characterization allows the students to practice a variety of techniques: NMR (1H, 13C, COSY and HSQC), melting point, thin layer chromatography, IR, MS and fluorescence spectroscopy to confirm the structure of their obtained product. An alternative methodology in a one-pot reaction is also explored and a full laboratory manual provided.
tinyIFD: A High-throughput Binding Pose Refinement Workflow Through Induced-fit Ligand Docking
Authors: Hsu Darren J. , Davidson Russell B. , Glaser Jens
Published: December 2022

A critical step in structure-based drug discovery is predicting whether and how a candidate molecule binds to a model of a therapeutic target. However, substantial protein side chain movements prevent current screening methods, such as docking, from accurately predicting the ligand conformations, and require expensive refinements to produce viable candidates. We present the development of a high-throughput and flexible ligand pose refinement workflow, called "tinyIFD". The main features of the workflow includes the use of specialized high-throughput, small-system MD simulation code mdgx.cuda and an actively learning model zoo approach. We show the application of this workflow on a large test set of diverse protein targets, achieving 70% and 78% success rates for finding a crystal-like pose within top-2 and top-5 poses, respectively. We also applied this workflow to the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) inhibitors, where we demonstrate the benefit of the active learning aspect in this workflow.
How to Quantify Electrons in Plasmonic Colloidal Metal Oxide Nanocrystals
Authors: Shubert-Zuleta Sofia , Tandon Bharat , Roman Benjamin , Gan Xing Yee , Milliron Delia
Published: December 2022

Distinct from noble metal nanoparticles, doped metal oxide nanocrystals (NCs) exhibit localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in the infrared region that can be tuned by changing the free electron concentration through both synthetic and post-synthetic doping. Redox reagents have commonly been used to post-synthetically modulate the LSPR, but to understand the relationship between the electron transfer processes and the resulting optical changes, it is imperative to quantify electrons in the NCs. Titration and LSPR peak fitting analysis are the most common methods used for quantifying electrons; however, comparison between these methods has previously revealed discrepancies up to an order of magnitude without a clear explanation. Here, we apply these electron quantification techniques concurrently to Sn-doped In2O3 NCs with varying size, doping concentration, and extent of post-synthetic reduction. We find that oxidative titration consistently overestimates the number of electrons per NC, owing to the failure of the assumed stoichiometric equivalence between moles of oxidant added and moles of free electrons extracted from the NCs. The NC characteristics we examine strongly influence the driving force for the oxidation process, affecting the relative agreement between oxidative titration and LSPR fitting; the two methods more closely agree when the electron transfer driving force is larger. Overall, these analyses inform best practices for quantifying electrons in plasmonic semiconductor NCs and reveal how accuracy is affected by NC characteristics.
Exciton states of azobenzene aggregates: A first-principles study
Authors: Titov Evgenii , Beqiraj Alkit
Published: December 2022

Interaction between azobenzene-containing molecules in supramolecular structures or self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) results in the formation of molecular exciton states. These states determine photophysical and photochemical processes in such assemblies. Here, using first-principles quantum chemical calculations, we study optical spectra and exciton delocalization of the exciton states in model clusters of azobenzene molecules. Specifically, we consider one-dimensional linear chains and two-dimensional SAM-like arrangements, and compute the exciton states by means of time-dependent long-range corrected density functional theory (TD-lc-DFT) and ab initio configuration interaction singles (CIS), for clusters including up to 18 azobenzene molecules. We analyze the nature of the exciton states using transition density matrix analysis. In addition, we make a connection to periodic systems applying the Bethe–Salpeter equation (BSE) / Green’s function many-body perturbation theory (GW) approach to a selected system. We find that the brightest excitons are dominated by local excitations. The energetic location of charge transfer states in the electronic spectra of aggregates depends to a large extent on a given method and distance between nearest neighbours. Furthermore, we analyze how an excitonic delocalization pattern changes with varying molecular orientation in the unit cell of SAMs.
CRISPR-based nucleic acid diagnostics for pathogens
Authors: Yang Hao , Zhang Yong , Teng Xucong , Hou Hongwei , Deng Ruijie , Li Jinghong
Published: December 2022

Pathogenic infections remain the primary threat for human health, especially the global COVID-19 pandemic. It is important to develop rapid, sensitive and multiplexed tools for detecting pathogens and their mutations, particularly the tailor-made strategies for point-of-care diagnosis allowing for use in resource-constrained settings. The rapidly evolving CRISPR/Cas systems have provided a powerful toolbox for pathogenic diagnostics via nucleic acid tests. In this review, we first describe the resultant promising class 2 (single, multidomain effector) and recently explored class 1 (multisubunit effector complexes) CRISPR tools. We present the diverse engineering nucleic acid diagnostics based on CRISPR/Cas systems for pathogenic viruses, bacteria and fungi, and highlight the application for detecting viral variants and drug-resistant bacteria enabled by CRISPR-based mutation profiling. Finally, we discuss the challenges such as the development of preamplification-free diagnostic assays and present the emerging CRISPR systems and CRISPR cascade that potentially enable multiplexed and preamplification-free pathogenic diagnostics.
Hair Coloring – Hair Dyeing
Authors: Hanumanthayya K. , Balasubrahmanyam G. , Mohan Menakaa , Mohan and N. Nikhil Sunitha
Published: December 2022

History of the coloring of the gray hairs can be traced back to Sumerians and Pharaohs 2000 BC. Women in the past used hair colors to hide their gray hairs. Today men are also applying hair color to hide their gray hairs and younger people color their hair as a fashion. The discovery of paraphenylenediamine and better understanding of chemistry of hair dyes have resulted in safe and customer friendly products. Now men and women can apply the hair dyes in their own home in just one easy step 30-45 minutes.
Frequency and Distribution of ABO and Rhesus Blood Groups in Women of a Degree College
Authors: Vinutha B. , Shashikala and G. U. Kavita P.
Published: December 2022

Background ABO and Rh Blood grouping systems are the most commonly used blood grouping systems in transfusion medicine despite the long list of several other blood groups discovered so far. They are genetically inherited and play a vital role in blood transfusions population genetic studies paternity testing anthropology and addressing medico legal issues.Aim To determine the distribution and frequency of ABO and Rhesus Rh blood groups in women studying in a Degree College.Material and Methods This study is a cross-sectional observational study which was conducted in a womenrsquos Degree College in Harihara. Students who consented for blood group testing were included in the study. Grouping was done by slide agglutination method using capillary blood obtained by finger prick. Standard antisera A B and D were used. Age of the individuals and their blood groups were noted down for analysis. Results were expressed in numbers and percentage.Results 351 students participated in the study. lsquoBrsquo and lsquoOrsquo formed the most common blood groups accounting for 34.2 and 33.7 respectively. Blood group lsquoArsquo accounted for 21.9 whereas lsquoABrsquo was the least common with 10.3. 96.9 students were Rhesus positive whereas only 3.1 were Rhesus negative.Conclusion Most frequently occurring blood groups were lsquoBrsquo and lsquoOrsquo whereas lsquoABrsquo was the least common blood group in the ABO system. Rhesus Rh positive blood group was significantly higher than the Rhesus Rh negative blood group.
RUPTURED BAKER’S CYST: A CASE REPORT
Authors: R Patil Nagendra , P Kamalapur Sripad
Published: December 2022

We are reporting a case of ruptured Bakers cyst in the right knee in an elderly patient who presented with pain and swelling in the right leg since three days. Radiograph of the right knee showed osteo-arthritic changes with a soft tissue swelling. Sonological evaluation revealed a collapsed cystic lesion in the posteromedial aspect of the knee with fluid tracking into the intermuscular planes of calf
Rights and Entitlements of Senior Citizens
Authors: Sri N Ramesh Ranganathan Justice
Published: December 2022

Traditional norms and values of Indian Society have emphasized the obligations towards parents and elders. Due to the trends towards nuclear families many elders are spending their twilight years all alone. Thus ageing has become a major social challenge. Senior citizens are facing social mental and economic challenges and are also subjected to abuse. Constitution has made provisions for securing the right to public assistance in case of oldage through maintenance of welfare of parents and senior citizens. Senior citizens have the right to claim maintenance and medical care. State Governments have obligation and duties towards the senior citizens. There are various remedies available to senior citizens in case of violation of statutory rights. There are various schemes for senior citizens and the medical profession has a duty to provide assistance to them.
EVALUATION OF REASONS FOR DONOR DEFERRAL IN A VOLUNTARY BLOOD DONATION CAMP-A PILOT STUDY
Authors: Joy Sruti , P Shashikala , K Rajashree
Published: December 2022

Background Selection of voluntary blood donors is of vital importance towards safe blood transfusion services. The donor is the life force of any blood bank and hospital in a blood donation program. Hence the insight into the various causes of donor deferral is very importantAim To evaluate the donor deferral rate and reasons for deferral of blood donation in a voluntary blood donation camp.Material and methods This is a cross sectional study conducted in a voluntary blood donation camp held at a Degree College in Davangere. Data regarding reasons for deferral were obtained by examination of individuals who came forward to donate blood and also by the information in the donor questionnaire.Results Seventy four individuals came forward for voluntary blood donation. Donor deferral was highest among women 70.42 and the causes were temporary like low hemoglobin levels 44 and low body weight 42.There were no permanent deferrals.Conclusion This study concludes that donor deferral is common among females and the reason for the same is low hemoglobin level and low body weight.
Spinal dorsal dermal spinus tract:Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Shinde Nandkishor , Rehman Abdul , Devani Ravindra , Veerendra Medide
Published: December 2022

A 5 year old male child was brought with a history of fever headache and intermittent discharge from a sinus in the mid-dorsal area in the back. He had recurrent episodes 0f similar complaints since birth and the symptoms used to subside with antibiotic treatment each time.nbsp On examination he was febrile. There was no neurological abnormality.nbsp Posterior aspect of mid-dorsal spine D7 showed a dimple in the skin with pigmentation and there was minimal active discharge.nbsp USG showed dermal sinus tract with suspected communication with subarachnoid space. CT scan showed dorsal dermal sinus tract with a bifid 7th thoracic vertebra. The spinal dermal sinus tract was excised and the tract disconnected from dural space and dura was repaired. All patients with spinal dorsal dermal sinus tract should undergo aggressive surgical treatment in the form of total excision of the sinus tract and correction of spinal malformation.
Regenerative Medicine with Stem Cells
Authors: S Shankar P
Published: December 2022

None
Comparison of bonding mechanism of a self etching primer and phosphoric acid self etching to enamel by scanning electron microscope-–An in vitro study
Authors: E Canmany. , Usha Rao Golla , S. Manjula W.
Published: December 2022

An in vitro study was carried out at the Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics Tamil Nadu Government Dental College and hospital Chennai with an aim to determine the etching pattern of self etching primer and phosphoric acid etching by scanning electron microscope and correlate it with its shear bond strength. Eighty non-carious premolar teeth that were extracted for orthodontic treatment purposes were used. Two groups of specimens with forty each were prepared to study the etching pattern with self etch primer Transbond plus 3M unitek and 37 orthophosphoric acid 3M ESPE respectively. The bond strength were also determined for both the groups using Transbond XI adhesive 3M unitek and stainless steel metal brackets Gemini series 3M unitek. The results showed that the etch pattern of self etch primer was shallower compared to that of the conventional phosphoric acid etching indicating minimal enamel damage. The shear bond strength of self etch primer 10.27 Mpa was lower compared to that of the conventional phosphoric acid groups 11.85 Mpa which was statistically significant plt.001 best within the acceptable range.
Evaluation of anticancer activity of Melaleuka alternifolia (i. e. tea tree oil) on laryngeal cancer cell line (Hep2) - an in-vitro study
Authors: Byahatti Sujata , Bogar Chetana , Bhat Kishore , Dandagi Girish
Published: December 2022

Introduction and Aims A naturally available plant extract of Melaleuka alternifolia tea tree oilTTO is used as a very good antibacterial antifungal antiviral antiprotozoal and anti-inflammatory agent. Currently lot of importance is given for its anticancer effect. Our aim was to evaluate anticancer activity of Melaleuka alternifolia against laryngeal cancer cell line Hep2.Methodology Two different cell lines were used to know the cell viability and cell lysis cytotoxicity in laryngeal cancer Hep2 and monkey kidney cell line Vero used as control. Cell culture The cell lines were maintained in 96 wells micro titer plate containing MEM media supplemented with 10 heat inactivated fetal calf serum FCS containing 5 of mixture of Gentamicin 10ug Penicillin 100 Unitsml and Streptomycin 100microgml in presence of 5 CO2 at 37ordmC for 48-72 hours. Cytotoxicity Assay In vitro growth inhibition effect of test compound was assessed by calorimetric or spectrophotometric determination of conversion of MTT intonbsp Formazan blue by living cells.Results The results represent the mean of five readings. The concentration at which the OD of treated cells was reduced by 50 i.e IC50 value is 0.781microgml of TTO with respect to the untreated control. The standard formula was used for the calculation of cell viability and cell lysis. showed Spearmans Correlation Coefficient Correlation with P value lt0.001 indicating significant results when TTO was treated with Hep2 and Vero cell line. Conclusion TTO is having very good anticancer property against laryngeal cancer cell line Hep2. There was no cytotoxicity noted with Monkey Kidney Vero cell line. The current study can be brought to the level of clinical trials which can show TTO with its greater efficacy related to anticancer activity.
In vitro antioxidant activity of crude protein of Coleus aromaticus
Authors: Kumar N Santhosh , Nusrath Aliya , Ramadas Dinesha
Published: December 2022

Objectivenbsp Coleus aromaticus CA is a medicinal plant used popularly in India against various diseases. The present study was undertaken to investigate the in vitro antioxidant activity of the proteins isolated from Coleus aromaticus plant leaves. MethodsProteins from the coleus aromaticus water extract was isolated by ammonium sulphate protein precipitation method. In vitro antioxidant studies were carried out by 22-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl DPPH Nitric oxide and superoxide radical scavenging methods compared with standard antioxidant like Butylated Hydroxy Anisole BHA and Ascorbic acid. ResultsThe percentage inhibition of radical scavenging activity increased with increase in concentrations of crude protein of Coleus aromaticus extract and is comparable with standard antioxidants BHA and ascorbic acid. Conclusion The results of this study concluded that the Coleus aromaticus proteins possess significant antioxidant activity when compared to standard antioxidants.
Isolation and Characterization of Oligomeric Procyanidins Rich PolyphenolFraction of Cinnamomum Zeylanicum Bark and it’s In Vitro Antidiabetic Studies
Authors: Kantamneni Lalithya , Khan Saleemulla , Bhatt Beena , Aaisha Khan Jalis
Published: December 2022

Background Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume bark a spice commonly used in the Indian household has been shown to have insulin-like biological activity.Objective The present work was aimed at isolation and characterization of oligomeric procyanidins OPCs rich polyphenol fraction from C. zeylanicum bark and to carry out its in vitro anti-diabetic activity.Material and Methods The polyphenol fraction from C. zeylanicum bark was afforded by extracting the bark with a series of solvents such as 30 aqueous acetone followed by hexane and butanol. The fraction was subjected to liquid chromatographyndashmass spectrometry LCMS analysis for characterization. From the LCMS data presence of a few OPCs was confirmed. In vitro anti-diabetic activity was performed on the fraction of the bark by alpha-amylase inhibition and non-enzymatic hemoglobin glycosylation assays.Results and Conclusion The fraction showed potential inhibition of glycosylation at half minimal inhibitory concentration IC50 value of 102 microgmL while an alpha-amylase inhibition was observed to be poor at an IC50 value of 540 microgmL. Thus the fraction showed potential anti-diabetic effect by antioxidant mechanism.Keywords C. zeylanicum Polyphenols Oligomeric procyanidins alpha-amylase inhibition Hemoglycosylation
Formulation and Evaluation of Stability of a Topical Niosomal Gel ContainingCiclopirox Olamine
Authors: G Keshavshetti Ganesh , B Shirsand S
Published: December 2022

Background Superficial fungal infections can lead to many complications and serious issues. A diverse range of topical agents such as Ciclopirox olamine CPO are available for the treatment of dermatophytes bacteria yeasts and filamentous fungi. CPO is a highly lipophilic drug with very limited systemic absorption. Hence a specific dosage form of CPO was designed to increase its half-life for providing prolonged drug delivery as well as minimizing the side effects.Objective To develop a CPO-containing topical niosomal gel formula and to examine its stability and compatibility with others.Methodology The prepared niosomal gel was kept in sealed glass containers and preserved under refrigerated and room temperature conditions for 6 months. At the end of the 4th and 8th weeks and 3rd and 6th months the samples were collected and tested for various parameters.Results There were no significant changes in the physicochemical properties such as pH viscosity drug content and release profile.Conclusion Niosomal gel is stable when refrigerated as well as at room temperature.Keywords Ciclopirox Stability study Niosomal gel Fungal infectionnbsp
A comprehensive Review of the Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, and Therapeutic Benefits of Cuscuta reflexa Roxb
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Nabarun , Kumar B Amith , Suchitra M
Published: December 2022

Cuscuta reflexa is a golden yellow leafless perennial and parasitic herb of the family Convolvulaceae family Cuscutaceae commonly called giant dodder is a perennial parasitic leafless plant species commonly found in tropical Asia. It has been used as an important constituent of various medical compositions in ayurvedic Unani and folk medicines in the Indian subcontinent including India Bangladesh China Thailand etc. since the ancient times. Various parts of the plant such as the seeds stem fruit and even the entire plant have been used in traditional medicine to cure a broad spectrum of ailments. It is rich in a broad spectrum of bioactive components such as flavonoids alkaloids saponins steroids lignans polysaccharides etc. Its wide array of therapeutic properties such as antitumor antioxidative anti-inflammatory anticonvulsant hepatoprotective neuroprotective etc. have been to cure several ailments such as skin diseases asthma jaundice body pain gout depression etc. This review article presents a detailed survey of the literature on pharmacognosy phytochemistry ethnomedicinal and pharmacological uses of C. reflexa. Keywords Cuscuta reflexa Ethnomedicinal uses Pharmacological uses
Acute Oral Toxicity Evaluation of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Sesbania Grandiflora Linn. Roots as Per OECD 425 TG on Albino Mice
Authors: Vinay NS , Nandeesh R , Babitha S , Paramesh S , P Mancy S , Manjunatha E , Mansoor Ahmed Syed , P Veerapur Veeresh
Published: December 2022

Objective To evaluate the acute oral toxicity of ethyl acetate fraction of Sesbania grandiflora Linn. roots as per OECD 425 guidelines. Methods The two groups of five female albino mice were selected and both the groups of mice were observed for 14 days for various parameters according to OECD guidelines 425 guidelines after treating one group as a normal control and other with ethyl acetate fraction of Sesbania grandiflora root EFSGR 2000mgkg p.o.Results Oral dose of EFSGR 2000mgkg did not resulted in death and treatment related adverse effects such as modification in food and water consumption body weight variation relative organ weights biochemical and hematological parameters. But treatment showed mild changes in behavioral patterns like sleeping and itching during initial time point. Further histopathological evaluation of vital organs exhibited normal architecture and this observation provided good support to general and biochemical measurements.Conclusion The current study showed that the ethyl acetate fraction of Sesbania grandiflora did not exhibit any signs of toxicity in female albino mice. Hence proved that the toxicity study based calculated dose of EFSGR can be used for the pharmacological studies.
Formulation Development and Evaluation of Sustained Release Tablets of Mercaptopurine
Authors: Marapur SC , S Pattanshetty D , Jorapur Prashant , Chetan M , M Biradar S
Published: December 2022

lsquoIn this research study a sustained-release tablet formulation of Mercaptopurine was developed and evaluated using polymers such as pectin and hydroxylpropylmethylcellulose 4KM in various proportion and in combination with the polymer. A wet granulation method was used to prepare the tablets. The granules were tested for parameters like angle of repose bulk density Hausner ratio Carrrsquos index. The result of the precompression evaluation showed that all the granules are having good flow. The evaluation of tablets were done for hardness thickness fragility drug content weight change DSC XRD FTIR and in vitro drug release. All the formulated tablets showed uniformity in weight and thickness with low SD values as well as good mechanical strength. The FTIR and DSC study demonstrated the very good compatible with the polymer and the drug. XRD was performed to find out the drug nature in the preparation. Stability studies on all formulations showed no such change in drug content. This concludes that Mercaptopurine tablets of sustained release tablets can overcome the disadvantage associated with conventional tablets.rsquo
Cervical Cancer Awareness, Knowledge and Risk Factors Among Health Care Students in a Nigerian University
Authors: A. Ojieabu Winifred , B. Talabi Timileyin , I. Bello Shakirat , E. Ojieabu Christabel
Published: December 2022

Aim of study Cervical cancer is the 4th women killer disease in the world especially in sub-Saharan Africa. Although the disease is preventable if detected early many women stilldie from it. This study was to evaluate cervical cancer awareness knowledge and risk factors among health care students of Olabisi Onabanjo University Sagamu Campus Ogun State Nigeria. This was a cross-sectional study carried out among Pharmacy and Medical 4th and 5th year students. Males were 127 50.8. Majority 226 90.4 of the respondents heard of cervical cancer those who knew it affects mainly female gender were 217 86.8. Those who knew the stages of cervical cancer were 81 32.4. While 96 38.4 heard of Pap test those who knew that Pap test is important for women of their age were 10 4.0and those who see it as necessary even if there has not been family history of cancer were 234 93.6. The following believed that the below listed factors could increase the chances of getting cervical cancer. They include infection with Human papillomavirus 222 88.8 weakened immune system 223 89.2 long-term use of contraceptive pills 186 74.4 and having many sexual partners 211 84-4. P lt 0.000. Awareness of cervical cancer and knowledge of its risk factors were appreciably high while that of Pap test was below average
Hydroxychloroquine Induced Hyperpigmentation of Buccal Mucosa in a Pediatric Patient
Authors: Shalavadi Mallappa , Chandrashekhar VM , Jose Julia
Published: December 2022

Hydroxychloroquine is a antimalarial drug and is one of the mainstay treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus SLE. The hyperpigmentation due to this drug is not a rare adverse effect. But the hyperpigmentation of buccal mucosa is reported only in one case. The drug has been rarely reported of such cases in the pediatrics with short term exposure. In this report we present case of an 8 year old child and she is known case of SLE was on hydroychloroquine for one month and discontinued the drug after that. Later after two months on hospital admission started the drug after 4 days drug administration to patient the bluish discoloration of buccal mucosa including gum and lips was noticed. The discoloration did not spread to other areas of the mouth.
Back To The Nature For A Stress Free Life
Authors: Nitin Mahurkar Dr.
Published: December 2022

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A Study of Adverse Drug Reactions Associated With Antihypertensives in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Fathima Nazish , Prasad HJ Haran , S Mathew Hephzibha , Seira Jose Jasmin , V Cherian Jemimah
Published: December 2022

Background Hypertension is a common chronic medical condition which is identified as the 3rd leading risk factor for global burden of diseases. According to Joint National Committee guidelines hypertension is defined as elevated systolic blood pressure of ge140mmHg or diastolic blood pressure of ge90mmHg.Objective The objective of this study was to analyse the adverse drug reaction associated with anti-hypertensives.Materials and Methods A prospective observational study was carried out for a period of 6 months in an inpatient department in SSIMSampRC a tertiary care teaching hospital Davangere. The data was collected from the case sheets of all inpatients taking at least one antihypertensive.Results Out of 150 patients 16 patients 10.66 experienced with adverse drug reaction. The commonly found adverse drug reaction was hydrochlorothiazide induced hyponatremia in 8 50 patients.Conclusion During this study diuretics were found to be the most frequently associated class of drug with ADRs and hydrochlorothiazide induced hyponatremia was found to be the frequently observed ADR. The study also suggested that ADR monitoring needs to be done in hospital settings continuously so that the harmful effect caused by different antihypertensive could be identified prevented and documented.