bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Henry Loving and Other East India Connections in Sterne’s Subscription List
Authors: WALKER ROBERT G.
Published: December 2024

Although several recent efforts have reduced the number of unidentified or uncertainly identified subscribers to the works of Laurence Sterne from 1760 to 1769, more than a few entries remain mysterious, and this despite the monumental achievement of the annotated list in the ninth volume of the Florida Edition. This note is an attempt to reduce the number of unknown subscribers by tracing the connection between subscribers like the rather obscure Henry Loving and the coterie of East India directors and associates who frequently socialised at the home of Commodore William and Mrs Anne James in the late 1760s, as did Laurence Sterne.
Bye-bye, Local-in-matter-density Bias: The Statistics of the Halo Field Are Poorly Determined by the Local Mass Density
Authors: Bartlett Deaglan J. , Ho Matthew , Wandelt Benjamin D.
Published: December 2024

Bias models relating the dark matter field to the spatial distribution of halos are widely used in current cosmological analyses. Many models predict halos purely from the local Eulerian matter density, yet bias models in perturbation theory require other local properties. We assess the validity of assuming that only the local dark matter density can be used to predict the number density of halos in a model-independent way and in the nonperturbative regime. Utilizing N-body simulations, we study the properties of the halo counts field after spatial voxels with near-equal dark matter density have been permuted. If local-in-matter-density (LIMD) biasing were valid, the statistical properties of the permuted and unpermuted fields would be indistinguishable since both represent equally fair draws of the stochastic biasing model. If the Lagrangian radius is greater than approximately half the voxel size and for halos less massive than ∼1015
h
−1
M
☉, we find the permuted halo field has a scale-dependent bias with greater than 25% more power on scales relevant for current surveys. These bias models remove small-scale power by not modeling correlations between neighboring voxels, which substantially boosts large-scale power to conserve the field’s total variance. This conclusion is robust to the choice of initial conditions and cosmology. Assuming LIMD halo biasing cannot, therefore, reproduce the distribution of halos across a large range of scales and halo masses, no matter how complex the model. One must either allow the biasing to be a function of other quantities and/or remove the assumption that neighboring voxels are statistically independent.
Can Slow Pulsars in Milky Way Globular Clusters Form via Partial Recycling?
Authors: Kremer Kyle , Ye Claire S. , Heinke Craig O. , Piro Anthony L. , Ransom Scott M. , Rasio Frederic A.
Published: December 2024

Alongside the population of several hundred radio millisecond pulsars currently known in Milky Way globular clusters, a subset of six slowly spinning pulsars (spin periods 0.3–4 s) are also observed. With inferred magnetic fields ​​​​​​≳1011 G and characteristic ages ≲​​​​​​108 yr, explaining the formation of these apparently young pulsars in old stellar populations poses a major challenge. One popular explanation is that these objects are not actually young but instead have been partially spun up via accretion from a binary companion. In this scenario, accretion in a typical low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) is interrupted by a dynamical encounter with a neighboring object in the cluster. Instead of complete spin-up to millisecond spin periods, the accretion is halted prematurely, leaving behind a “partially recycled” neutron star. In this Letter, we use a combination of analytic arguments motivated by LMXB evolution and N-body simulations to show that this partial recycling mechanism is not viable. Realistic globular clusters are not sufficiently dense to interrupt mass transfer on the short timescales required to achieve such slow spin periods. We argue that collapse of massive white dwarfs and/or neutron star collisions are more promising ways to form slow pulsars in old globular clusters.
Radiation therapy volumes after primary systemic therapy in breast cancer patients: an international EUBREAST survey
Authors: Gasparri Maria Luisa , Kaidar-Person Orit , Gentilini Oreste Davide , de Boniface Jana , Kuehn Thorsten , Poortmans Philip
Published: December 2024

Purpose: After primary systemic therapy (PST), agreement on the extent of locoregional therapy is lacking in breast cancer patients who convert from a node-positive to a node-negative status. The aim of this survey was to investigate radiation therapy approaches after PST according to different axillary surgical strategies and disease responses.Material and Methods: The European Breast Cancer Research Association of Surgical Trialists developed a web-based survey containing 39 questions on locoregional management based on clinical scenarios in initially node positive breast cancer patients undergoing PST. Twelve international breast cancer societies distributed the link to breast surgeons and radiation oncologists. Results: Responses from 349 breast specialists were recorded, 72 of whom (20.6%) were radiation oncologists from 17 countries. Nodal status at diagnosis informed the decision for postoperative regional nodal irradiation (RNI) for 44/72 (61.1%) responders. RNI in node positive patients having undergone axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) is delivered in selected cases by 30/72 (41.7%) responders and systemically recommended by 26/72 (36.1%) responders. In case of macrometastases found on ALND, 43/72 (59.7%) responders always deliver RNI. In case of micrometastases in the sentinel lymph node(s) or targeted lymph node(s), 45/72 (62.5%) responders prefer RNI to completion ALND. A majority of responders (59.7%) determine the target volume for RNI according to European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology guidelines. Significant heterogeneity was observed regarding nodal basins and volumes of interest for dose coverage by RNI.Conclusions: There is significant heterogeneity in radiation-therapy delivered to the axilla after PST. A more standardized approach engaging both radiation oncologists and breast surgeons will help to optimize the harm-benefit equilibrium of axillary surgery and RNI.
Use of linear transportation infrastructure rights-of-way as an ecological shelter: National asset estimate and stakeholder involvement
Authors: François Denis , Medous Léa , Etrillard Claire
Published: December 2024

For a number of years, the rights-of-way (ROW) of several types of linear transportation infrastructure (LTI), such as roads, railways, waterways and power lines, have been regarded as possible shelter for biodiversity, notably local flora and entomofauna. For developing an informed general management policy of such an opportunity for species conservation and landscape connectivity, a fundamental prerequisite is to be aware of the ecological shelter potential available within LTI rights-of-way on a national scale. By considering the primary operating constraints of LTIs and their geometric characteristics, a GIS-based method was designed to approximate the linear extent and surface area of potential ecological shelter (PES), i.e. where actions could be implemented to provide sustainable shelter focused on local flora and entomofauna. At the scale of Metropolitan France, the minimum total surface area of PES amounts to 2,026 km2; and its network spans over 88,094 km (39% power lines, 34% railways, 18% roads and 9% waterways). The State is the primary landowner of PES along operated networks (particularly railways) however over half of the assets (53.8%) fall under the responsibility of local authorities, concessionary companies and private landowners (notably power lines). These findings highlight the necessary involvement of State together with LTI operators, local stakeholders and landowners through partnerships aiming to implement the ecological shelter function of rights-of-way.
Recent recolonisation of West Siberia and northern cryptic refugia in the grass snake Natrix natrix scutata (Pallas, 1771) (Squamata: Natricidae)
Authors: Simonov Evgeniy , Lisachov Artem , Litvinchuk Spartak , Klenina Anastasia , Chernigova Polina , Ruchin Alexander , Bakiev Andrey , Akhmedenov Kazhmurat
Published: December 2024

Abstract

Most of the geographic range of the grass snake Natrix natrix is occupied by the subspecies N. n. scutata, which occurs from Eastern Europe to East Siberia. This study addressed the phylogeography of this subspecies via analysis of variation of partial ﻿cytochrome b (cyt b) sequences from 135 individuals sampled at 91 localities across its range, in addition to species distribution modelling. A haplotype network was constructed and identified a major star-like haplogroup that harbours most of the analysed specimens and is considered the main source of recolonisation of vast territories of northern Eurasia after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). Most of this subspecies’ current range is occupied by haplotypes from a single haplogroup, with probable refugia in the south of the European part of Russia or the North Caucasus. The most frequent (ancestral) haplotype in this group is the only one discovered in West Siberia among 25 specimens from 13 sampling sites, indicating relatively recent colonisation of Siberia. According to species distribution modelling, no relatively suitable areas were present in Central Asia or Siberia during the LGM. Nonetheless, the only two specimens examined from the easternmost area of the species’ geographic range, near Lake Baikal, had unique haplotypes that differed from the most common haplotype by one and two substitutions. The most probable explanation for this pattern is that N. n. scutata colonised the area during a previous interglacial period and survived here during the last glacial. The Mugodzhar Range in western Kazakhstan also showed cyt b differentiation as compared to surrounding areas but warrants further sampling to test competing hypotheses.
Nintedanib in Rheumatoid Arthritis–Related Interstitial Lung Disease: Real-World Safety Profile and Risk of Side Effects and Discontinuation
Authors: Sebastiani Marco , Lepri Gemma , Iannone Claudia , Bozzalla Cassione Emanuele , Guggino Giuliana , lo Monaco Andrea , Foti Roberta , Fornaro Marco , Sole Chimenti Maria , Fassio Angelo , Truglia Simona , Cozzini Francesca , Carletto Antonio , Giollo Alessandro , Corrado Addolorata , Bazzani Chiara , Guiducci Serena , Favalli Ennio , Bugatti Serena , Iannone Florenzo , Caporali Roberto , Manfredi Andreina
Published: December 2024

Objective

Some concerns remain about the safety of nintedanib in patients with rheumatoid arthritis–related interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD), such as in the presence of comorbidities or in combination with biologic, targeted synthetic, and/or conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). In this multicenter study, we retrospectively evaluated the safety of nintedanib in a real-world population of patients with RA-ILD from the Italian Group for the Study of Early Arthritis (GISEA) registry and the possible role of comorbidities and DMARDs on drug safety and withdrawal. Our secondary aim was to investigate the causes of nintedanib discontinuation.

Methods

Sixty-five patients treated with nintedanib in accordance with the current therapeutic indications were enrolled in the study. Nintedanib was prescribed in combination with DMARDs and/or steroids in 62 patients (95.4%).

Results

The 12-month retention rate of nintedanib was 76.7% and the drug was effective in about 80% of patients with ≥ 6 months of follow-up. Adverse events (AEs) were recorded in 36 subjects (55.3%), and these were mainly gastroenteric. Thirty-one subjects required a reduction of the nintedanib dose; among them, a transient or permanent reduction of the daily dose of nintedanib allowed the continuation of the treatment in 22, whereas 15 (23.1%) withdrew from the drug. All reductions and discontinuations were owing to treatment-related AEs. Comorbidities were significantly associated with side effects in multivariate analysis, whereas AEs due to nintedanib were the main cause of discontinuation.

Conclusion

Combination therapy with DMARDs did not reduce the safety and effectiveness of nintedanib, and AEs were the main cause of drug withdrawal or dose reduction, mainly owing to comorbidities.
Prioritized aggregation operators for Schweizer-Sklar multi-attribute decision-making for complex spherical fuzzy information in mobile e-tourism applications
Authors: Alhulwah Khawlah , Azeem Muhammad , Sarfraz Mehwish , Almohanna Nasreen , Ahmad Ali
Published: December 2024

Complex spherical fuzzy sets (CSFSs) are a theory that addresses confusing and unreliable information in real-life decision-making contexts by integrating elements of two theories: spherical fuzzy sets (SFSs) and complex fuzzy sets (CFSs). CSFSs are classified into three categories, represented by polar coordinates: membership, nonmember, and abstention. These grades are located on a complex plane within a unit disc. It is necessary for the total squares representing the real components of the grades for abstinence, membership, and non-membership to not surpass a certain interval. Several aspects of CSFS and the corresponding operational laws were examined in this work. The key components of this article were based on CSFs, including complex spherical fuzzy Schweizer-Sklar prioritized aggregation (CSFSSPA), complex spherical fuzzy Schweizer-Sklar weighted prioritized aggregation (CSFSSWPA), complex spherical fuzzy Schweizer-Sklar prioritized geometry (CSFSSPG), and complex spherical fuzzy Schweizer-Sklar prioritized weighted geometry (CSFSSWPG). Additionally, the suggested operators' specific instances were examined. The main outcome of this work includes new aggregation techniques for CSFS information, based on t-conorm and t-norm from Schweizer-Sklar (SS). The basic characteristics of the operators were established by this study. We looked at a numerical example centered on efficient mobile e-tourism selection to show the effectiveness and viability of the recommended approaches. Additionally, we carried out a thorough comparative analysis to assess the outcomes of the suggested aggregation approaches in comparison to the current methods. Last, we offer an overview of the planned study and talk about potential directions for the future.
Volumetric carrier injection in InGaN quantum well light emitting diodes
Authors: Marcinkevičius Saulius , Yapparov Rinat , Tak Tanay , Ewing Jacob , Wu Feng , DenBaars Steven P. , Nakamura Shuji , Speck James S.
Published: December 2024

InGaN/GaN quantum well (QW) light emitting diodes (LEDs) are essential components of solid-state lighting and displays. However, the efficiency of long wavelength (green to red) devices is inferior to that of blue LEDs. To a large degree, this occurs because the equilibration of injected holes between multiple QWs of the active region is hindered by GaN quantum confinement and polarization barriers. This drawback could be overcome by volumetric hole injection into all QWs through semipolar QWs present on the facets of V-defects that form at threading dislocations in polar GaN-based structures. In this work, we have tested the viability of this injection mechanism and studied its properties by time-resolved and near-field spectroscopy techniques. We have found that indeed the hole injection via the V-defects does take place, the mechanism is fast, and the hole spread from the V-defect is substantial, making this type of injection feasible for efficient long wavelength GaN LEDs.
Emission induced by strong coupling between hybrid Tamm–surface plasmon polariton mode and rhodamine 6G dye exciton
Authors: Bužavaitė-Vertelienė Ernesta , Žičkus Vytautas , Anulytė Justina , Balevičius Zigmas
Published: December 2024

otal internal reflection ellipsometry (TIRE) and leakage microscopy were applied for the study of photonic-plasmonic nanostructures supporting hybrid Tamm–surface plasmon modes and their strong coupling with Rhodamine 6G organic dye excitons. The optical response of TIRE has shown that Tamm and surface plasmon polaritons interact strongly and the formed hybrid plasmonic mode alters resonances in the energy spectra. Moreover, both TPP (Tamm plasmon polaritons) and SPP (surface plasmon polaritons) components in the hybrid mode are strongly coupled with R6G-PMMA (poly(methyl methacrylate)) layers at the inner and outer interfaces of the 50 nm gold layer, respectively. Leakage microscopy in the back focal plane optical configuration proves the energy transfer of excited emitters through the 50 nm gold layer in the strong coupling regime. Polaritonic emission in the strong coupling has better coherence properties than conventional spontaneous fluorescence emission from pure Rhodamine 6G organic dye molecules.
Le point de vue du sociologue sur le point de vue du groupe
Authors: Siracusa Jacques
Published: December 2024

À vouloir décrire objectivement le monde, au lieu de commenter des textes, les sociologues en sont venus à sous-estimer la contribution de l'écriture et l'inévitable présence d'un point de vue. Quelles sont les traces perceptibles du point de vue du sociologue lorsqu'il décrit le point de vue indigène ? Cet article examine des manières d'écrire propres au compte rendu d'enquête par entretiens. L'étude d'un cas exemplaire met en évidence des procédés qui sont à la fois des marques du point de vue d'un auteur et des solutions usuelles à des difficultés du traitement des entretiens. Le point de vue du sociologue a un effet sur le lecteur sans avoir besoin d'être explicité. Le compte rendu est une représentation simplifiée, comme l'est une modélisation à partir d'une perspective de recherche. Mais on tend à oublier que les données comme les conclusions sont relatives à cette perspective.
Terrains d’entente
Authors: Korzybska Helma
Published: December 2024

Parmi les prothèses sensorielles, il existe des implants cochléaires destinés au déchiffrage de la parole. Leur fonctionnement s’appuie sur un processus de traduction des sons bioniques qui se déroule dès le réglage des électrodes. On y découvre un protocole de discernement, d’évaluation et d’ajustement des sons dans lequel établir un langage commun simplifié est la condition du bon déroulement de l’apprentissage qui repose sur des interactions entre le régleur, les électrodes, le patient, et son ressenti. La mise en tension d’un modèle d’écoute générique avec l’expérience réelle des patients fait ressortir plusieurs modes d’écoute pour apprécier les sons produits par l’implant.
La incidencia de la pandemia de COVID en el sufrimiento de mandos medios de un Centro de Terapia Intensiva en Uruguay
Authors: Close María Noel , Tomasina Fernando , Pisani Adriana
Published: December 2024

Este trabajo corresponde a una investigación desarrollada por la Unidad Académica de Salud Ocupacional de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de la República. Surge en respuesta a la solicitud efectuada por el departamento de Enfermería del Hospital Universitario. El objetivo fue indagar la salud de los mandos medios de enfermería con relación a las exigencias derivadas del trabajo durante la pandemia del COVID en un Centro de Terapia Intensiva. A tales efectos se conformó un grupo homogéneo. Se desarrollaron espacios presenciales de deliberación colectiva sustentados en los fundamentos de la Psicodinámica del Trabajo.En dichos espacios se identificaron diferentes expresiones de malestar como ansiedad, angustia, quejas somáticas y sufrimiento ético. Los espacios deliberativos operaron a su vez como lugar para recuperar la capacidad de pensar en el trabajo, siendo considerado como un factor importante para la prevención de patologías de la sobrecarga laboral y de la soledad.
50 anos da aprovação da Lei do Contrato de Trabalho na Argentina
Authors: Terragno María Martha
Published: December 2024

No dia 11 de setembro de 2024 comemorou-se, na Argentina, os 50 anos da aprovação da Lei do Contrato de Trabalho. Na realidade, a Lei nº 20.744 sistematizou, então, a legislação do trabalho em vigor, estabelecendo, ao mesmo tempo, um regime jurídico inovador relativamente à proteção dos direitos dos trabalhadores na Argentina.
Avaliação da cultura de segurança com base na abordagem sistémica em dois hospitais públicos da Bolívia
Authors: Oña Jose Nelson Chavez
Published: December 2024

Uma cultura de segurança é um conjunto de valores, crenças, atitudes, normas e comportamentos partilhados que afetam a segurança das pessoas. O objetivo do estudo foi caracterizar a cultura de segurança nos hospitais públicos da Bolívia. Foi utilizada uma abordagem de método misto, com a aplicação de entrevistas e questionários. Para a medição quantitativa, foi usado o Questionário de Atitudes de Segurança (SAQ). Os resultados mostraram pontos fortes e fracos nos aspetos organizacionais dos hospitais estudados. O ambiente de trabalho e as relações entre os trabalhadores foram identificados como pontos fortes. O clima de segurança e as condições de trabalho são pontos fracos em ambos os hospitais. A liderança e a gestão, a comunicação, o reconhecimento dos esforços dos profissionais e os níveis de stress foram identificados como áreas que exigem melhorias. O estudo concluiu que uma abordagem sistémica poderia levar a uma transformação cultural para melhorar as culturas de segurança nestas organizações.
Sobre a saúde dos trabalhadores agrícolas expostos aos pesticidas: abordagens das ciências humanas e sociais
Authors: Prévot-Carpentier Muriel
Published: December 2024

Este artigo propõe uma análise de três obras de ciências humanas e sociais publicadas em francês, no primeiro trimestre de 2024, sobre a saúde dos trabalhadores agrícolas expostos a pesticidas. Este corpus oferece um panorama interdisciplinar (em ergonomia, sociologia, antropologia, geografia, direito, economia, medicina do trabalho e história da saúde) que permite apreender a problemática da exposição aos pesticidas como um problema maior de saúde no trabalho face a uma construção social da ignorância, analisada por estas múltiplas abordagens. A dimensão multiescalar do corpus abre caminho a uma crítica social das desigualdades de saúde vividas por esses trabalhadores agrícolas, a uma compreensão das relações sociais em que se encontram e também à transformação das situações de trabalho nocivas a que estão expostos, graças a abordagens interdisciplinares renovadas, tal como a proposta pela ergotoxicologia.
Prendre place dans l’espace public en tant que minorité : enquête croisée sur les personnes trans et les femmes musulmanes dans les piscines municipales françaises
Authors: Bonté Milan
Published: December 2024

Dans plusieurs villes françaises, les piscines municipales ont été l’objet de luttes de minorités, qui ont dénoncé une mauvaise accessibilité des équipements. En se fondant sur un cadre d’analyse intersectionnel et en portant attention tant aux dimensions matérielles que symboliques de l’accessibilité des espaces publics, cet article propose de comparer les négociations entre les pouvoirs publics locaux et deux populations pluridiscriminées différant par leur position dans les rapports sociaux de classe, de genre et de race : les personnes trans et les femmes musulmanes. À partir d’une étude des discours portés par les protagonistes de négociations menées à Paris, Rennes et Grenoble, cet article met en lumière les mécanismes de fabrication de subalternités plus ou moins respectables, et ainsi plus ou moins légitimes dans les espaces publics. Il s’agit, pour les deux publics, de lutter contre une ségrégation compatible avec les idéaux républicains : faire valoir son droit à accéder à la piscine, c’est négocier sa place au sein de la société.
Dépossessions spatiales et négociations des mères au sein d’une cité marseillaise : pour une approche spatiale des rapports intersectionnels de pouvoir
Authors: Daquin Alice
Published: December 2024

Cet article analyse comment les mères d’une cité marseillaise négocient au quotidien le conflit entre la police et le trafic de drogue qui pénètre leurs espaces de vie. À partir d’un travail ethnographique mêlant entretiens, observations, cercles de parole et usage réflexif et analytique du dessin, je montre qu’elles subissent une dépossession spatiale qui se manifeste par des atmosphères sous tension, des répressions corporelles et des instrumentalisations. Ces mères s’appuient alors sur une respectabilité locale, à la fois ressource et norme, pour déployer des tactiques spatiales de mise à distance, de surveillance et d’intervention. À travers trois figures, celle de la femme voilée, de la bonne mère, et de la grande gueule marseillaise, j’illustre les imbrications entre les manières de négocier l’espace et de se définir moralement vis-à-vis d’une pluralité de regards. L’article démontre ainsi l’intérêt d’une approche intersectionnelle de l’espace, capable de saisir les privilèges et vulnérabilités simultanés qui se (dé)jouent différemment selon les situations.
Un travail invisible au vu de tout le monde ?
Authors: Di Cecco Simone
Published: December 2024

Dans les villes italiennes contemporaines, les demandeurs·ses d’asile bénévoles participent au nettoyage des parcs, des rues et des trottoirs, tout en étant l’une des cibles des politiques répressives qui visent les usagers « indésirables » de ces mêmes espaces. Dans cet article, j’interroge ce paradoxe apparent, afin de saisir les modalités de gestion de la visibilité des bénévoles demandeurs·ses d’asile dans les espaces publics italiens. L’étude des programmes de bénévolat mis en place dans deux villes du nord de l’Italie invite à articuler la requalification des espaces publics, les formes de mise au travail des populations minoritaires et les processus de visibilisation-invisibilisation à l’œuvre. En explorant les façons dont la visibilité des balayeurs et des ramasseurs des déchets bénévoles est mise en jeu dans l’aménagement des espaces publics, il devient possible d’enquêter sur la réactualisation dans et par l’espace de l’assignation de ces individus à des catégories sociales spécifiques.
« C’est dangereux ! » L’accès à l’espace public des femmes roms en situation de vulnérabilité résidentielle restreint par les violences de genre et les violences racistes
Authors: Peltier Emma
Published: December 2024

Cet article explore la manière dont des femmes roms en situation de vulnérabilité résidentielle ou identifiées comme telles accèdent aux espaces publics urbains depuis les marges de l’Île-de-France où elles habitent (forêt, zone industrielle, bidonville, hôtel social). Afin de comprendre comment l’antitsiganisme et le genre (ou antitsiganisme genré) modèlent l’accès à l’espace public, j’étudie dans ce texte deux pratiques spatiales structurant la vie sociale des femmes : la pratique de la mendicité et la mobilité quotidienne. Le texte montre en quoi habiter un bidonville est un facteur supplémentaire d’exposition aux violences de genre et aux violences antitsiganistes. Les observations menées sur le temps long associées à des entretiens biographiques donnent à voir une pluralité de tactiques déployées pour accéder à la ville. Au-delà des ajustements personnels adoptés, ce sont finalement certaines pratiques – la mendicité – et certains lieux traversés – les bidonvilles situés en forêt – qui exposent le plus les femmes aux violences ; autant de rappels à l’ordre du genre et de la race conduisant certaines à se replier sur l’espace domestique.
Négocier la reconnaissance de sa citoyenneté par le squat
Authors: Lazzarino Alizée
Published: December 2024

À partir d’une réflexion sur la citoyenneté, cet article analyse la trajectoire militante d’un collectif de femmes travailleuses du sexe à Barcelone au travers de leur implication dans des squats (des espaces occupés de manière illégale) non résidentiels à usage collectif. Une enquête ethnographique de neuf mois dans des squats du quartier du Raval fréquentés par des voisin.es et des membres du collectif Putas indignadas, a montré comment ces femmes trouvent dans ces espaces illégaux la possibilité de s’exprimer, de valoriser leurs compétences et de tisser des alliances avec des acteur.rices locaux.ales malgré la criminalisation de leur présence dans la ville en tant que prostituée. Les normes d’accessibilité des squats permettent aux populations marginalisées de se constituer une sphère publique à défaut d’avoir accès à l’espace public. Les squats deviennent alors des lieux où il est possible de faire « acte de citoyenneté ». De cette manière, ils contribuent à favoriser l’intégration des travailleuses du sexe aux dispositifs municipaux de prise de décision politique au sujet de la prostitution, dont elles étaient initialement exclues.
Pédaler pour de bonnes causes
Authors: Bouatouch Legrand Maïa
Published: December 2024

Cet article montre que si les connotations de genre et de classe attachées à la circulation cycliste au Caire peuvent être défiées, ce privilège de défiance comme l’intérêt à voir se concrétiser une norme nouvelle en faveur des femmes sont socialement différenciés. À l’intersection des études spatiales, des études sur le genre et des études sur le développement, il entend contribuer à la compréhension des mobilités dans la mégapole cairote dans un contexte de promotion du vélo par les agences onusiennes et les collectivités locales. Il souhaite également offrir une suite aux travaux sur le harcèlement sexuel en Égypte depuis son érection en problème public à travers un exemple de réappropriation originale de cette rhétorique à l’appui d’un plaidoyer pour la cause cycliste féminine. Enfin, ce travail illustre comment la période du ramadan offre une occasion pour des femmes de sortir des sentiers battus des mobilités, grâce au prétexte de la charité sous une forme renouvelée.
Les récifs dʼAtauro : entre héritage clanique et aires marines protégées (Timor-Est)
Authors: Vanlaer Colin
Published: December 2024

Cet article examine la superposition de deux processus de patrimonialisation des récifs dans la baie de Nametan située à Atauro (Timor-Est). Il commence par analyser un récit clanique qui relate l’histoire d’un ancêtre habitant dans une grotte sous-marine. Transmis de génération en génération, ce récit est la propriété exclusive d’un clan, formant ainsi un mode d’appropriation symbolique du territoire côtier. L’étude se penche ensuite sur les discours véhiculés par les Organisations Non Gouvernementales (ONG) et les touristes internationaux. En mettant en lumière la biodiversité exceptionnelle de ces récifs et leur vulnérabilité, ces discours soulignent l’importance de les préserver pour les générations futures. Ils inscrivent ainsi ces récifs dans des contextes spatio-temporels globaux, justifiant des interventions et des formes d’appropriation exogènes. Ces deux récits, l’un ancré dans une tradition clanique et l’autre porté par des acteurs globaux, relient les récifs à une histoire ancestrale, les transformant en patrimoines à la fois précieux et nécessaires à préserver et à transmettre.
Protestant Christianity and Local Knowledge in Atauro: A Challenging Coexistence
Authors: Silva Kelly
Published: December 2024

This article delves into the intricate dynamics of pastoral practices led by the Assembly of God Church in Atauro (East Timor), with regards to how it challenges the perpetuation of realms such as origin narratives, specific ritual knowledge, and the various aspects of local heritage. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork conducted in Usubemassu/Beloi in 2019 and 2022, the study also explores the process through which local institutions are gradually being perceived as products of Christianity. The rejection of the indigenous category of ʻlulikʼ and efforts to supplant local toponymy by replacing it with a Christian-centric counterpart are all noteworthy instances of a transformative process. All of these aspects highlight the complexities inherent in the coexistence between Protestant Christianity and indigenous knowledge in the region.
Flora local, consumo e circulação na Corte fluminense de Debret, 1816-1831
Authors: Merlo Patrícia M. S. , Viana Junior Fernando S. C.
Published: December 2024

A história da América portuguesa durante a primeira metade do século XIX é marcada por diversas transformações que têm como marco inicial a chegada da Corte de D. João VI ao que era até então a principal colônia de Portugal e seu estabelecimento na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. No bojo desse processo, uma série de investimentos de cunho social e cultural foram feitos, entre os quais se destaca a vinda da Missão Artística Francesa, grupo que esteve diretamente envolvido no projeto de ressignificação e europeização da nova sede da monarquia, mas que, para além, disso forneceu, através de sua produção, importantes impressões para a reflexão sobre a conjuntura do território. Este artigo propõe analisar, através da obra “Viagem Pitoresca e Histórica ao Brasil”, de Jean-Baptiste Debret, como o pintor francês apreendeu e representou o território brasileiro, por meio de espécies naturais, formas de consumo e costumes locais. Dando ênfase nos conceitos de circulação de conhecimentos (Kury, 2013; Raj, 2007), civilidade (Elias, 2011) e distinção (Bourdieu, 2007), interessa-nos a perspectiva exposta por Debret sobre a realidade social local, em especial no que se refere aos hábitos alimentares por ele registrados. Metodologicamente, valemo-nos da análise de conteúdo conforme proposta por Bardin (2016) visando construir uma interpretação crítica, contribuindo para uma análise sistêmica e direcionada das fontes indicadas.
Cartas que forjaron una asociación
Authors: Olivares-Olivares Valeria Alejandra
Published: December 2024

La comunicación escrita entre mujeres, manifiesta en soportes documentales como la carta, ha sido una de las formas más utilizadas para sobrellevar las distancias físicas y geográficas. En el caso del “Movimiento Pro Emancipación de las Mujeres de Chile” (MEMCh), fue además una estrategia política. Bajo esta premisa, este artículo analiza el papel de la correspondencia sostenida por las integrantes del MEMCh de diversas provincias del país entre 1935 y 1949, como parte de su proceso de configuración como movimiento nacional. La metodología utilizada para analizar las casi 900 cartas que conforman el Fondo Correspondencia MEMCh busca conocer, desde una perspectiva cualitativa, la organización interna, comunicación entre militantes y pertenencias de las distintas socias. Actualmente, la relación epistolar, conservada en el Archivo Mujeres y Géneros, es uno de los corpus documentales más valiosos para reconstruir el papel de las mujeres en la historia de Chile y América Latina. Así, se propone que para el MEMCh la correspondencia fue la estrategia político-cultural más importante a través de la cual se articuló el movimiento. Los resultados de esta investigación muestran cómo las memchistas forjaron, a partir de la escritura, su participación ciudadana y, a su vez, convirtieron a las cartas en sus principales armas de lucha y negociación.
Formação e instrução dos agentes de informação no Brasil dos governos militares
Authors: Da Silva Marcia Pereira
Published: December 2024

Em 1964, uma coligação golpista, cujo grupo de maior visibilidade era o militar, tomou o comando da política brasileira. A partir de então, um complicado esquema de segurança e coleta de informações foi desenvolvido com o intuito de combater os possíveis opositores dos governos militares que se sucederam no país. Este artigo trata da comunidade de informações, no sentido de analisar a formação dos agentes, as instruções que receberam e o conhecimento produzido pela corporação militar para subsidiar os vários cursos que organizaram. As fontes são os materiais produzidos e/ou reunidos pela Escola Nacional de Informações (EsNI) para os seus diferentes treinamentos, disponíveis no Arquivo Nacional do Rio de Janeiro.
Um combate
Authors: Gomes Robeilton
Published: December 2024

Resenha da obra: PINSKY, Jaime; PINSKY, Carla Bassanezi (org.). Novos Combates Pela História: desafios – ensino. São Paulo: Contexto, 2021. 256 p.
Todo sobre el asado: a cultura da carne na identidade nacional argentina
Authors: Dalfré Liz Andréa , Sereza Luiz Carlos
Published: December 2024

A intenção deste artigo é analisar o documentário Todo sobre el asado, dos diretores argentinos Mariano Cohn e Gastón Duprat, de 2016, que trata do tema da tradição do churrasco (asado) argentino. Essa tradição, sedimentada ao longo dos séculos XIX e XX, é colocada em xeque no documentário que procura desnaturalizar os hábitos alimentares vinculados a um suposto caráter nacional. Em termos metodológicos, serão evidenciadas algumas possibilidades para pensar produtos culturais de streaming como fonte histórica, especialmente nos aspectos referentes à sua lógica de produção e circulação. Também serão demonstrados aspectos do percurso histórico que transformou a carne de gado em símbolo da identidade nacional argentina, questão expressa, por exemplo, no conto El matambre, de Esteban Echeverría. Por fim, será analisado como Todo sobre el asado pode, a um só tempo, ser um documento de identidade regional e um jogo autoconsciente da política alimentar globalizada e a importância política deste debate na contemporaneidade a partir da leitura de algumas sequências do documentário que tratam das subjetividades relacionadas a essa construção identitária.
Self, Personality, AI, and Healthcare
Authors: Aman Zain , Qidwai Minhaj A.
Published: December 2024

Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) are increasingly facilitating personalized healthcare experiences, raising intriguing possibilities and ethical dilemmas. This chapter delves into the evolving landscape where AI intersects with individual selfhood, personality, and healthcare delivery. The chapter begins by exploring how AI technologies enable the customization of healthcare interventions based on individual traits, preferences, and behavioral patterns. It examines the role of AI-driven personalization in enhancing patient engagement, treatment adherence, and overall health outcomes through tailored recommendations and predictive analytics. Furthermore, the chapter investigates the ethical considerations inherent in utilizing AI to interpret and respond to personal traits and emotions. It addresses concerns related to privacy, consent, and the potential for algorithmic bias in shaping personalized healthcare experiences.
Is AI the Death of Creativity or a Blessing?
Authors: Salim Hira , Khan Raza
Published: December 2024

This chapter explores the complex role of AI in healthcare, focusing on its impact on creativity. AI has rapidly integrated into healthcare, offering tools that enhance diagnostics, treatment planning, and research, which can foster creative solutions. It enables healthcare professionals to recognize patterns and generate insights, thus supporting innovative problem-solving in areas like medical imaging, genomics, and telemedicine. However, AI's growing role raises concerns that over-reliance on algorithms might diminish the critical thinking and intuitive decision-making that underpin creative medical practice. This chapter considers AI as both a transformative enabler of creativity and a potential limiter, emphasizing the need to balance technological support with human expertise to ensure optimal patient outcomes and innovation in healthcare.
AI and Health
Authors: Shaheen Riffat , Salim Hira
Published: December 2024

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the realm of health-care constitutes a complex landscape between promising transformative opportunities and significant hurdles, this chapter focuses on hope and fear at individual: patient and healthcare worker, organizational and community levels. It offers a balanced summary of what AI could do well and the hurdles that must be addressed by appropriate ethical and regulatory resources. In summary, this chapter emphasizes the delicate equilibrium between the optimism and concerns surrounding AI in healthcare. AI has the power to totally shake up healthcare, making things faster and better for patients. However, it also presents notable risks that demand diligent mitigation by establishment of strong ethical guidelines, ongoing engagement with stakeholders, transparent communication, and policies that ensure fair access to AI-driven healthcare advancements
AI and Cyber Laws
Authors: Ashraf Zahid Ali , Mustafa Nadeem
Published: December 2024

This chapter explores the intersection of AI and cyber laws, focusing on the challenges and opportunities of AI in cybersecurity. It defines AI and its growing significance in the digital age, emphasizing the importance of understanding AI within the cybersecurity context. The chapter traces the historical development of cyber laws, analyzing how AI has influenced their evolution and the correlation between AI technologies and cyber laws. It examines AI applications in cybersecurity, such as threat detection, automated incident response, and predictive analytics, while addressing legal and regulatory challenges like algorithmic transparency, accountability, privacy, and jurisdictional issues. Ethical considerations and privacy concerns are also discussed, highlighting the need to balance security and privacy. The chapter predicts future trends and innovations in AI and cybersecurity, concluding with recommendations for policymakers, cybersecurity professionals, and researchers.
Ethical Frameworks and Spiritual Values in the Age of AI in Healthcare
Authors: Khan Raza , Salim Hira
Published: December 2024

This chapter examines the transformative role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare, enhancing diagnostics, treatments, and administrative processes. It addresses ethical considerations, particularly the Spirituality and Principals of Medical Ethics. While AI can empower patients through personalized care and decision-support tools, challenges like algorithmic complexity and data privacy persist. Strategies for safeguarding autonomy include transparency, informed consent, and continuous monitoring. Ultimately, the chapter advocates for a balanced approach to AI that integrates ethical frameworks and respects patient spirituality, fostering trust and improved health outcomes.
Mechanical Properties of Entirely Cement-Replacement Fly Ash-Based Geopolymers (G-SIFCON) and Cement-Based SIFCON: A Comparison Study
Authors: Ali Msheer Hasan
Published: December 2024

Environmentally friendly building materials known as geopolymers are made by combining high-alkalinity solutions with powder components rich in silica and alumina. It has long been known that adding fibers to the matrix phase can improve the mechanical characteristics of composite materials made for various uses. Among these are SIFCON composites, which are made by first inserting the fibers into the mold and then packing the gaps between the fibers with an extremely fluid matrix phase. The present study looked over the mechanical properties and efficiency of cement-based and geopolymer-based slurry infiltrated fiber concrete SIFCON and G-SIFCON. In the current study, for the production of both SIFCON and G-SIFCON composites, 7.5% steel fiber by volume fraction was utilized for this purpose. Therefore, sets of concrete specimens including cylinders and prisms were prepared and tested in accordance with standard specifications. The results obtained from the conducted tests prove that the 7.5% of steel fiber ratio can be used effectively to improve the mechanical performance of G-SIFCON and SIFCON composites. Furthermore, the cement-based SIFCON can be effectively replaced by fly ash-based geopolymers. Also, for composites made with fly ash-based geopolymers (G-SIFCON), high compressive strength slurries may exhibit more enhancement in mechanical properties than normal strength slurries.
Modeling Daily Load Curve Parameters for a University under Prevailing Power Supply Conditions in Nigeria’s Local Grids Using Probabilistic Statistics
Authors: Melodi Adegoke Oladipo , Olukunle Olawale John , Oguntunde Phillip Gbenro , Titiladunayo Isaac Femi , Owoyemi Jacob Mayowa , Fuwape Joseph Adeola , Ayodeji Olagoke Zephaniah , Makanju Tolulope David
Published: December 2024

This study addressed an identified issue of representative daily load curves and parameters of Nigerian higher academic institutions and communities to eliminate prevailing application of assumed models that are representative of other climes with reliable power supply. Normal probabilistic distribution statistic, relative frequency statistic and per unit maximum load concept algorithms were composed and applied to meter-logged experiential daily load data sets with apparent inconsistent patterns and chaotic cluster. This made it impossible for local power operators to determine a representative daily load pattern for local generation planning and load management. The relative statistic-based model was used for comparison purpose. With a root mean square error of 5.6%, the probabilistic statistical algorithm was able to produce desired standard representative curve and parameters for a typical and relevant academic institution of technology in the Nigerian space, indicating a peak load at about 13:00 hour and a load factor of 0.54. The composed and applied methodology can be used for characterizing other load points of interest and categories in the region.
Conceptualized Technological Solutions to Maximize the Use of Natural Daylight and Provide a Sustainable Environment for Vehicle Transportations in Modern Underground Cities: A Review
Authors: Elsayed Gehan A.I. , Ali Salah H.R.
Published: December 2024

As urban populations burgeon and available surface space becomes scarce, the concept of underground cities gains traction as a viable technological solution. The movement of people, purchases, and recreational trips using vehicles has also become more intensive and requires new concepts to operate in a safe environment, especially in modern underground cities. However, a major challenge faced in subterranean environments is the limited access to natural daylight. This research explores the pivotal role of engineering technology in enhancing the quality of natural daylight within underground urban spaces. Through an interdisciplinary approach, the study investigates advanced lighting utilizing, architectural design strategies with sustainable transportation, and innovative materials to mitigate the inherent constraints of subterranean living. The research assesses the effectiveness of technological interventions to provide comfortable living and safe, sustainable transportation. It therefore addresses the design of light wells, utilize of smart materials, and the incorporation of cutting-edge lighting systems to optimize the distribution of natural light. Additionally, the study evaluates the psychological and physiological impacts of enhanced daylight exposure on residents, emphasizing the importance of human-centric design in subterranean environments. Key findings highlight the significance of daylight simulations in the planning phase, emphasizing the need for architects and urban planners to utilize state-of-the-art engineering utilizing to predict sunlight patterns to achieve great benefit in providing conceptual solutions to provide a suitable environment for vehicle operation. The research also emphasizes the importance of incorporating modern technology systems as atriums, light wells, and reflective surfaces to maximize natural light penetration. Furthermore, the research investigates the energy implications of relying on artificial lighting in conjunction with natural daylight. It explores sustainable energy conceptualized technological solutions, such as solar technology and vehicle transportation according to implementation considerations, to minimize the environmental impact of energy consumption in modern underground cities.