bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Automated Multi-plex Immunofluorescence with TSA for CD4, CD8, FOXP3, CD21, PD1 and CD68 in Follicular Lymphoma v1
Authors: Maria Tsakiroglou Anna , West Catharine , Astley Sue , Linton Kim , Fergie Martin , Byers Richard
Published: September 2019

Observing immune cell infiltration and spatial organisaion in the tumour microenvironment of follicular lymphoma is important for the development of novel biomarkers for prognosis and treatment selection. However the identification of multiple immune cell sub-populations is limited in routine single-plex immunohistochemical staining. Our goal was to develop and validate an automated protocol for multiplex immunofluoresence using tyramide signal amplification, the Opal™ 7 color Kit (Akoya Biosciences) and the Ultra Discovery (Roche) autostainer, which would enable concurrent visualisation on the same tissue sections of: T follicular helper cells (CD4+) cytotoxic T cells (CD8+) Tregs (CD4+FOXP3+) Macrophages (CD68+) PD1+ lymphocytes DAPI nuclear counterstain We aimed in addition to observe the spatial arrangement of these cells in reference to the follicle areas, therefore the CD21 marker, which is expressed in mature B cells and follicular dendtritic cells located in the follicles was added in the panel. We validated quantitatively the agreement between single-plex and multiplex assays by comparing stained area in sequential sections of a follicular lymphoma FFPE tissue micro-array (TMA). The TMA was constructed from a follicular lymphoma cohort of 44 patients collected retrospectively from the archives of the Christie NHS Foundation Trust (Manchester), with ethical permission granted by the Central Manchester Multi-centre Research Ethical Committee (03/08/016). The protocol was automated with the DISCOVERY ULTRA IHC/ISH Roche autostainer and stained areas were quantified using the Indica Labs’ Area Quantification Fluorescence module (HALO software). Statistically significant linear correlations were seen between single-plex and multiplex assays (R² >0.72, p<7.1× 10-14, see attached) for all markers.Therefore, this multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) protocol can be used to conserve tissue and observe immune cell spatial organisation in follicular lymphoma.
Draw a badly drawn face v1
Authors: Heunis Stephan
Published: September 2019

Test
Lonza 4D Nucleofection with Effective Homemade Buffer (Here using K562 with Cas9 Plasmid) v1
Authors: Danner Eric
Published: September 2019

This protocol uses the Lonza 4D nucleofection system. While the 16 well strip kits are expensive, this allows a single strip purchase to be used for hundreds of nucleofection experiments by cleaning the strip and using homemade buffers. The homemade buffer also works for many primary cell types as well as nuclofecting Cas9 protein/RNA (RNPs). This is extremly efficient in K562 cells with over 99% nucleofected with a 9kb plasmid. The homemade buffer used here was originally used and published in: https://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/71/23/7291. It was called Amaxa V.
test test file v1
Authors: Danner Eric
Published: September 2019

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Lonza 4D Nucleofection with Effective Homemade Buffer (Here using K562 with Cas9 Plasmid) even changed the name v2
Authors: Danner Eric
Published: September 2019

Testing update system: This protocol uses the Lonza 4D nucleofection system. While the 16 well strip kits are expensive, this allows a single strip purchase to be used for hundreds of nucleofection experiments by cleaning the strip and using homemade buffers. The homemade buffer also works for many primary cell types as well as nuclofecting Cas9 protein/RNA (RNPs). This is extremly efficient in K562 cells with over 99% nucleofected with a 9kb plasmid. The homemade buffer used here was originally used and published in: https://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/71/23/7291. It was called Amaxa V.
Top2 inhibitor sensitivity v1
Authors: G Kirkland Jacob
Published: September 2019

Protocol for Top2i sensitivity in attached cells in 96-well format. Short term exposure to Top2i (~3 days)
Study of the Level of Understanding of Parents towards Their Children Curriculum in Vocational Schools
Authors: Sunawar Aris
Published: September 2019

The family is the smallest part in the education unit, the role of parents as educators of children is not stopped just when children start to school and handed over all their children to school education. While the curriculum in 2013, which is based morals, that assessment is not just a numbers, but also the record of the school to the child's progress. To find out how much parents knowledge of the curriculum that is being taken by their child, more research needs to be done, one method is a survey to the parents whose children are still at the high school / vocational randomly either public or private. Questions in the survey is the essence and purpose of the curriculum and the extent to which parents learn and understand the principle of the curriculum as well as participation in their children's education during school. From the results obtained that 83% of parents claimed to already know the competencies that will be owned by his son, and 80% of them have a desire to participate in curriculum development of their children. One of the obstacles they are to participate in the development is the time and their competence in curriculum development. So if parents can also be involved in the curriculum development should been socialized continuously from the school authorities and parents . Who are willing to help the development of the curriculum to get the formula of what competency is needed most and ready to work after graduation.
Decision Support System on Effect of Variable Attitude and Skills and Knowledge Construction Workers on Softskills and Hardskills
Authors: Ariadi Riki , Darmana I
Published: September 2019

In the world of construction services, employee performance is one determinant in measuring the productivity of the success of the construction project. Therefore, the performance of the worker is determined on three variables: attitude, skills and knowledge. This contribution is to be a perspective that should be owned by construction workers today, many concerns that occur in the field, the workers experienced various difficulties in the face of performance, because it is very shallow mastered these three things, so the implementation in running the project encountered many obstacles that lead to productivity performance is greatly decreased. Standard competence of workers in this era are highly demanded on softskills (1) consisting of interpersonal skills (a) and intrapersonal skills (b) and hardskills (2) consisting of transforming character (a), change management (b), stress management (c), time management (d). so, that the variables can be evaluated and analyzed through decision systems (decision support system) to make the performance of workers more productive and efficient on target (cost, quality and time).
Employee Performance Assessment System Design Based on Competence
Authors: Senen Syamsul H. , Sumiyati Sumiyati , Masharyono Masharyono
Published: September 2019

Employees are one of the most important components owned by the organization in achieving the purpose. Success or failure an organization in exercised their activities related to the capacity of employees (competence) works in the organization. Therefore need to may system does performance evaluation of can give picture of the performance of employees. This research method is divided into five phases as preparation phase, the data collection phase, phase data processing, phase analysis, stage design system, system testing is limited. The results of this study to design employee performance evaluation system based on competency by name spkp-sms.org
Computer-Mediated Discourse Analysis as Language Teaching Material: An Assessment of Exploration for Students Develop Democratic Character
Authors: Shaifullahh AR
Published: September 2019

This exploratory study attempts to show the role of linguistic cross-disciplinary studies in the development of a democratic model of language learning in the context of Indonesian society post-reform. Using the case of interactive discourse in Internet as language teaching materials, analysis is conducted using grounded theory methods of text analysis. This study found that verbal signs reflect the equality relations between the media and the power of the responders in interactive discourse on the Internet. Such findings may be clues to the process of democratization in interactive discourse on the Internet. Therefore, this study recommends that interactive discourse on the Internet can be used as teaching materials in language learning in the classroom as part of efforts to build a democratic character of students.
The Analysis of Learning Implementation Plan in Vocational Subjects Based on 2013 Curriculum
Authors: Hamid MA , Nurtanto M , Fawaid M
Published: September 2019

The qualified teacher is teacher who has the standards of educator that has capability of their materials according to the standard of the contents and carry out the learning process according to the standard of the process. Learning Implementation Plan (LIP) is the administration prepared teachers before carrying out the learning process. This research aims to know the quality of the LIP who made by teachers. This research is a descriptive qualitative. The data were collected through questionnaire, document’s noting, and interviews method. The research subjects are vocational teachers in SMK Negeri 1 Cilegon. The results of this research shows that (1) the completeness of the components 63.63; (2) conformity between components 85.7; (3) feasibility of competence 100; (4) feasibility of the indicators and the achievement of basic competencies 100; (5) feasibility of the learning objectives 80; (6) formulate learning objectives 75; (7) choosing and organizing the learning material 80; (8) feasibility of the learning activities 84.6; (9) selection of learning methods 100; (10) selection of media, tools and learning resources 85.71; and (11) the feasibility assessment 85.7, so that the average was 85.5 with good qualifications. The LIP is structured properly can increase the effectiveness of learning in the classroom and improve the quality of teaching and graduates are in accordance with the needs of the ASEAN Economic Community.
Investigating Emotional Honesty That Effectleader Behavior: A Case Study on Vocational High School Headmaster
Authors: Sitanggang N , Luthan P.L.A.
Published: September 2019

The objective of the research was to investigate the effects of emotional honesty, interpersonal skills and task structure on directive leader behavior. This research was conducted at Vocational High Schools (SMK) in Medan, using the survey method with 136 principals as population and the sample of 60 principals as respondents who were selected by applying proportional random sampling. The hypotheses were tested by path analysis. This research findings were as follows (1) There was a significantly direct positive effect of emotional honesty on interpersonal skills; (2) There was a significantly direct positive effect of emotional honesty on task structure; (3) There was a significantly direct positive effect of emotional honesty on leader behavior; (4) There was a significantly direct positive effect of interpersonal skills on leader behavior; (5) There was a significantly direct positive of task structure on leader behavior.
Design and Developement Multimedia Animation Corrosion and Coating Process
Authors: Sukrawan Yusep , Permana Enda , Komaro Mumu , Solehudin Agus
Published: September 2019

The purpose of this research is to create an animation-based learning media of corrosion processes in the subject of corrosion and coating. The media produced is a learning media program in the form of .swf file that can be directly installed and accessed on personal computer. This development research (R&D) was started with concept exploration to find out the necessary product model, followed by its development through many test steps (expert judgment, limited test, and application test) and correction procedure until the proper product was determined.  The last step was an experimental process to validate the product. The research has result an animation-based interactive media which has good criteria according to the media expert judgment value of 78.3 %, students’ response of 83.0 % and subject matter expert judgment value of 89.0 %. Validity test show that the media has a significant effect to increase a number of students who reach minimum standard competency.
Relationship between Apprenticeship Training with Information and Communication Technologies at Vocational High School in West Java Province
Authors: Maulana A. , Jun G. J.
Published: September 2019

The aim of vocational education is to produce employees who are ready to work, a characteristic of vocational education is through the implementation of apprenticeship. In the period 2010-2015 in Indonesia the labor force declined from vocational schools compared to senior high schools. This indicates the need for 21st century skill is called a tool for work, namely the skill to use Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). This article is intended to find out the relationship between apprenticeship and ICT in vocational students who carry out apprenticeship in the province of West Java. From the instrument distributed in 520 samples, it was found that there is a relationship between apprenticeship training and ICT through the value of Zcount = 7.16 > Ztable = 2.58, with the coefficient of determination of (ry)2 = (0.315)2 = 0.0992. This shows that apprenticeship contributions affect ICT skill by 9.92% for students who carry out apprenticeship in the West Java province of Indonesia, while 90.08% is influenced by other factors.
The Implementation of Problem-Based Learning Model in Maze Game of Multimedia Learning for Vocational School Students
Authors: Rohendi D. , Sutarno H.
Published: September 2019

Research on the use of games in learning has been growing rapidly. However, the material delivery is still conventional, without considering any certain learning methods. Yet, the method in learning is a factor that determines the success of teaching. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to find out how the implementation of Problem Based Learning model in the development of maze game of multimedia learning used. Maze game of multimedia learning devel-oped was implemented to the students of vocational school students. The results showed that the implementation of Problem-Based Learning in maze game of multimedia learning is worthed and categorized as excellent accord-ing to not only validation of expert of subject matter and media, but also students’ response.
VOCATIONAL EDUCATION: ASSESSMENT, CLASSIFICATION AND THE REALM OF RESEARCH DEVELOPMENTS
Authors: Widianingsih I. , Purwaamijaya I. M. , Dwiyanti V.
Published: September 2019

Education is one of the most important things to prepare for the competitive human resources in achieving success in the era of globalization. The main source of the success of the national development of a country is the development of human resources. Vocational education is expected to be one form of education that is able to develop human resources. Vocational education is an education that prepares students to work in a particular field.This article aims to examine the aspect and sphere of research related to vocational education. The method used is the study of literature relating to research on vocational education as well as an analysis of several publications. The results show that there is a wide range of topics related to vocational training, ranging from models of learning, instructional media, graduate competence, motivation, teacher performance, the role of industry to the development of vocational education, teaching materials of vocational education, information systems education, curriculum development of vocational education, policy government and stakeholders for the development of vocational education.
Industrial Education Impact on Vocational Student Social Skills
Authors: Dwiyanti V. , Ana Ana , Widianingsih I.
Published: September 2019

Industrial education is a dual system learning between industry and school. In this learning of vocational high school must fulfill industry and school qualification. Industrial education will help student to know and understand industry demand. In disruption and industry revolution 4.0 era more skills must had by them, such as social skills. This research method used literature review to see more resources about industrial education impact on vocational student social skills. And this research result is found two more important social skills. First, adaptability is a skill will help students to know and understand industry work and world, such as how to use technology, follow all industry SOP, all new chalanges industry, etc. Second, communication is an important skills to had. Because it will deliver us to make another understand all massage in verbal and non verbal clearly. They will help student to prepare and face human-robot competition in industry revolution 4.0 in the future.
Development of Response Measurement Instruments Students on Learning
Authors: Karpin Karpin , Juwaedah Ade
Published: September 2019

The research aims has measured student responses to learning process on what a significant impact on the lectures desire to implement various learning innovation. This article is intended to find out developing instruments for measuring student responses to learning based-on Hinkin’s model about instrument developing process. This research used quantitative approach in which data has collected 170 people as a sample, they are students of culinary study program at Indonesia University of Education. The instrument of this research used questionnaires contains three variables that are; the types of learning, the learning strategies, and the students responses of learning. This research found that the results of factor analysis on the indicators of the research variable are obtained; the factors from the learning type variable are constructive-interactive-passive-and active. The factors formed from the variable learning strategies are explanation and facilitation; and the factors formed by student responses to learning are value-positivity-distraction-and participation. The instrument that had been developed would be relevant for broader scope and context for learning other fields.
The Implementation of Work-Based Learning for the Development of Employability Skills of Vocational Secondary School Students Through Teamwork Activity
Authors: Subekti S.
Published: September 2019

This study aims to investigate the contribution of teamwork activity through work-based learning to the development of employability skills of SMK (Vocational Secondary School) students. A survey method was employed in this study. The subject of this research are SMK students majoring in farm produce processing agribusiness with bakery competency in Garut. The findings of the study revealed that teamwork activity gives a positive contribution to employability skills of SMK students through the implementation of work-based learning. The contribution of work-based learning to employability skills in the aspect of teamwork is quite significant at the value of 63.5%. The study lead to the conclusion that the implementation of teamwork activity through work-based learning can develop employability skills of SMK graduates.
Assessment of The Capacity Building Needs of Agricultural Science Teachers for Innovative Instructional Delivery in Secondary Schools in Rivers State, Nigeria
Authors: Ekezie Anthony Imo Arthur , Tugwell Owo Offia
Published: September 2019

The study was conducted to assess the capacity building needs of Agricultural Science teachers for innovative instructional delivery in secondary schools in Rivers State, Nigeria. Descriptive survey research design with a sample of 28 Agricultural Science teachers drawn through purposive sampling from a population of 244 teachers in secondary schools drawn from both Andoni and Opobo/Nkoro Local Government Areas of Rivers State was used. Three research questions guided the study. A 20-item research instrument entitled “Capacity Building Needs of Agricultural Science Teachers Questionnaire (CBNASTQ)” was developed and used for the study. Likert 5-point mean rating scale was adopted. Cronbach’s Alpha reliability method was used to determine the internal consistency of the CBNASTQ and a reliability coefficient of 0.81 was obtained. Mean and standard deviation were used to answer the research questions. The study revealed amongst others that Agricultural Science teachers need to improve on the skills acquired through continuous professional development. Based on the findings, it was recommended amongst others that Government should ensure the continuous capacity building of teachers through the organization of workshops, seminars, symposia, and conferences to enable them to interact with one another and acquire new skills.
The Effects of The Ability of Food Processing and Self-efficacy Towards The Interests of The Entrepreneurship
Authors: Maemunah Iin , Iriani Tuti , Febriana Rina
Published: September 2019

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of the ability to process food and self-efficacy towards the interests of entrepreneurship. The research used a quantitative method with 204 Vocational High School students in culinary study programs taken from three State Vocational Schools in the city of Bekasi, Indonesia. The data were collected using such instruments as interview, documents and questionnaire. The results of the study showed that there was no significant influence the ability to process food towards the interest in entrepreneurship as there was also no significant influence of self-efficacy towards the interest in entrepreneurship. It was also found that state vocational high school students in Bekasi, Indonesia, had very low self-confidence and self-efficacy indicating that they had low motivation for entrepreneurship.
Gender Relations in The Technical Education Field
Authors: Solihati Nessy , Ana Ana
Published: September 2019

Harmonious gender relations between men and women is needed to achieve gender equality and gender equity. The purpose of this article is to find out gender relations in engineering, especially mechanical engineering in metal casting. Relationships between male and female students and relations between male and female students and lecturers. The qualitative research is the Phenomenology technique. The informants in this study were 10 students with 4 men and 6 women and a lecturer in a Polytechnic Bandung. The results showed that the relation between male and female students did not make any difference in the process of theory and practice learning. The relationship between lecturers, male, and female students also established without any difference in the men and women gender in carrying out the task of theory and practice learning. A patriarchal culture that hinders interaction between men and women genders and lecturers who used to be attached to the engineering field has begun to disappear. The research development on gender relations in engineering must still be the focus of scientists research.
A Study of Professional Competencies in Military University Teachers of Foreign Languages at Different Stages of Agency Formation
Authors: Panov V.I. , Selezneva M.V.
Published: September 2019

The paper focuses on the outcomes of an empirical research of professional competence in linguistic disciplines instructors at a military institution of higher education from a position of ecopsychological model of agency formation. The sample of the research consisted of 38 instructors aged 25 to 76 years belonging to civilian staff. The paper considers what agency qualities the instructor should possess to perform the necessary didactic actions providing feedback and intensification of the educational process. The authors show unevenness of gradual formation of the instructor’s agency. Discriminant analysis of the obtained data revealed deeper differences between the stages of agency formation and influences of action-related characteristics (according to the terms of competence approach).As a result, the paper identifies four groups of instructors differing in their agency features and stages of professional competence development. Besides, the authors formulate the most appropriate conditions of teaching to release the instructor’s agency and implement the ‘subject’s self-transformation’.
Opportunities for Socialization of Primary School Children with Intellectual Disabilities in Inclusive Education
Authors: Borisovа E.Y.
Published: September 2019

The article presents the data of an empirical study of the features of socialization of primary school children aged 8—11 years with intellectual disabilities enrolled in an inclusive (31 people, including 22 boys and 9 girls) and special education (59 people, including 42 boys and 17 girls).In order to test the hypothesis of the specificity of the processes of socialization in training under different conditions, a diagnosis was carried out using a set of techniques, both test and expert. The analysis of the results of the study of individual components of social competence allows us to state that children studying under the conditions of inclusion, compared with their peers, pupils of correctional schools, are characterized by less pronounced manifestations of social maladaptation and more harmonious family relationships, but there are difficulties in recognizing the emotional state of other people, insufficient ability to adequately navigate in fairly typical life situations, contradictory trends in the formation of self-image, reflecting the negative features of psychosocial development, presumably due to the specificity of social experience. Based on the results obtained, the conclusion is made about the importance of special correctional and developmental work in the education of children with intellectual disabilities in the conditions of inclusion, aimed at creating the conditions necessary for the successful socialization of a child with disabilities The article presents the data of an empirical study of the features of socialization of primary school children aged 8—11 years with intellectual disabilities enrolled in an inclusive (31 people, including 22 boys and 9 girls) and special education (59 people, including 42 boys and 17 girls).In order to test the hypothesis of the specificity of the processes of socialization in training under different conditions, a diagnosis was carried out using a set of techniques, both test and expert. The analysis of the results of the study of individual components of social competence allows us to state that children studying under the conditions of inclusion, compared with their peers, pupils of correctional schools, are characterized by less pronounced manifestations of social maladaptation and more harmonious family relationships, but there are difficulties in recognizing the emotional state of other people, insufficient ability to adequately navigate in fairly typical life situations, contradictory trends in the formation of self-image, reflecting the negative features of psychosocial development, presumably due to the specificity of social experience. Based on the results obtained, the conclusion is made about the importance of special correctional and developmental work in the education of children with intellectual disabilities in the conditions of inclusion, aimed at creating the conditions necessary for the successful socialization of a child with disabilities
Ovsyanikova E.A., Khudaeva M.Yu.A Study of Psychological Problems and Needs in School Psychologist’s Consultation in 7th, 9th, and 11th Grade Students
Authors: Savina E.A. , Esterle A.E. , Savenkova I.A. , Ovsyanikova E.A. , Khudaeva M.Y.
Published: September 2019

This study investigated psychological problems and needs for school psychologist’s consultation in 7th, 9th, and 11th grade students. Students (N = 594) filled out a short survey where they rated the degree of their psychological problems (e.g., test anxiety, mood, learning problems, problems with parents, etc.) and a desire to receive consultation with the school psychologist about existing or potential problems. Regardless of age, students gave the highest ratings to test anxiety, problems with mood, and career choice. Girls demonstrated higher test anxiety and more negative mood compared to boys. Seventh grade students reported higher test anxiety than their older peers. Students indicated lower levels of problems with parents, peers, and learning. Nevertheless, 9th grade students reported higher levels of learning problems than 11th graders. About 7% of students reported frequent suicidal ideation. However, the majority of students from the total sample (80%) did not consider consulting the school psychologist regarding suicidality. Even fewer students were willing to consult with the school psychologist about test anxiety, mood, and learning problems. These findings can be used to improve school psychology services, design interventions, and provide psychoeducation to students.
Effectiveness of Somatic Yoga and Meditation: A Pilot Study in a Multicultural Cancer Survivor Population with Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Galantino Mary Lou , Brooks Jennifer , Tiger Robyn , Jang Shera , Wilson Kim
Published: September 2019

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) causes significant pain and is an adverse effect of treatment with chemotherapeutic agents. We explored a somatic yoga and meditation intervention in a predominantly minority population. Goals included describing strategies for minority inclusion and testing feasibility and effectiveness. Eight individuals with CIPN enrolled in a single-arm feasibility trial. Somatic yoga and meditation were provided weekly for 8 weeks, with an additional home program component. The primary outcomes were Sit and Reach, Functional Reach, and Timed Up and Go. Secondary outcomes were Patient Neurotoxicity Questionnaire, FACT-GOG-Ntx (for addressing patient concerns associated with neurological symptoms), Brief Pain Inventory, Perceived Stress Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Falls Efficacy Scale. Sensitivity to vibration was measured via biothesiometer. Participants with a mean age of 65 (49–73) years self-reported as 63% African-American and 37% Caucasian. They attended 81% of the sessions, and no adverse events we re re p o rted. CIPN symptoms (FAC T- G O G - N t x ) improved significantly (from 88.88 to 106.88, standard deviation = 20.03; p = 0.039). Fear of falling improved, approaching significance (from 39.26 to 34.38, standard deviation = 6.081; p = 0.058). Other measures showed improvement trends, with a slight increase in Brief Pain Inventory pain severity (from 3.50 to 3.75, p = 0.041) possibly reflecting comorbidities. Four qualitative themes emerged: (1) CIPN symptom variability, with musculoskeletal comorbidities; (2) utility of learned skills; (3) improvement in self-confidence, balance, and stability; and (4) social support, with CIPN experience validation and increasing health literacy. Challenges of recruitment and retention require specific outreach, community trust, and health literacy. Preliminary data suggest that somatic yoga and meditation may affect fear of falling and quality of life in cancer survivors with CIPN. A randomized controlled trial using inclusive recruitment and retention methods is indicated to establish the intervention’s efficacy.
Factors Influencing Atopic Dermatitis Incidence in Offspring
Authors: Ye Siqi , Mo Xiumei , Liu Junfeng , Yan Fenggen , Chen Dacan
Published: September 2019

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, recurrent skin condition resulting from both genetic and environmental factors. In recent decades, the prevalence of AD has increased considerably in some countries. However, given that the role of genetics is unlikely to have changed over this short period, the increased prevalence is more likely to be explained by changes in environmental and maternal factors. The aim of this review is to comprehensively summarize the various factors impacting AD incidence in offspring and provide guidance for primary prevention. Recent research has demonstrated that environmental and climate factors, maternal history of allergies, gestational diabetes, and stress play essential roles in increasing the risk of AD in infants. Some factors have protective effects against the incidence of AD, including probiotic supplementation, fish intake, and moisturizers. This review also considers fundamental research into AD prevalence and factors that in the past were mistakenly thought to affect that prevalence, such as caesarean section and antigen avoidance. The potential influence of these factors on infant AD incidence remains inconclusive and needs further study. Furthermore, infants with a family history of atopic disease may benefit from early weaning or reduced breastfeeding duration.
CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells Decreased CD8+IL-4+Cellsin a Mouse Model of Allergic Asthma
Authors: Li Ping , Li Ze , Zhang Guqin , Yang Jiong , Chen Junwen
Published: September 2019

Interleukin (IL)-4-producing-CD8 (cytotoxic T cells, Tc) contribute to lung eosinophilia and airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) to an antigen. CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) attenuate airway inflammation and AHR. This study investigated whether Tregs decrease Tc2frequencies in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma model of mice. 
Female C57BL/6 mice were sensitized with OVA intraperitoneally and challenged with OVA intranasally to induce allergic asthma model. Tregs were sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) and magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS) microbeads. OVA-sensitized mice were injected with Tregs or phosphate buffer saline (PBS) by tail vein ahead of the first challenge. Airway inflammation and airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR)were evaluated by histological analysis and invasive method, respectively. OVA-specific IgE and cytokine levels were detected by ELISA. Flow cytometry was used to detect the percentages of Tc1 and Tc2. Gata3 and T-bet mRNA was determined by quantitative PCR (qPCR).
OVA-sensitized and challenged mice displayed typical asthma features, which included eosinophilic airway inflammation, higher levels of Th2 cytokines and AHR. Gata3 mRNA, Tc2 frequencies and OVA-specific IgE levels were significantly increased in OVA-sensitized and challenged mice. Compared to PBS treatment, Tregs decreased Tc2 frequencies, airway inflammation, Th2 cytokine levels and AHR in OVA-sensitized and challenged mice. IL-13 levels were negatively correlated with Tc1 frequencies and with IFNg levels in experimental mice.
Our results demonstrated that Tregs could prevent airway inflammation and AHR by decreasing Tc2 frequencies and cytokine levels in OVA-induced asthma model of mice, supporting Tregmight be as a potent therapeutic target for alleviating airway inflammation and AHR.
In vitro Evaluation of CMV Specific CD8+T Cells Function in CMV+ Colorectal Cancer Patients Compared to Healthy Controls
Authors: Shaker Ardakani Mona , Pak Fatemeh , Kokhaei Parviz , Sadegh Fazeli Mohammad , Shakiba Yadollah , Tabatabaei Yazdi Seyed Morteza , Abbasian Ali , Nourizadeh Maryam
Published: September 2019

The oncogenic role of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) has been recently shown in different cancers like colorectal cancer (CRC). According to the recent immunotherapy approach to target the CMV-expressing tumor cells, we investigated the CMV peptide-stimulated CD8+T cells functions in CRC patients compared to healthy individuals.
All sixteen patients and seven controls were CMV seropositive. Blood samples were obtained from patients without chemotherapy and radiotherapy before surgery. Cytotoxic CD8+ T cells were generated using 14-day culture of PBMCs in the presences of CMV peptide epitopes and rhIL-2. In addition to the supernatant evaluations for TNF-α and IFN-γ, the functionality of CD8+ T cells was examined by detecting CD107a and intracellular IFN-γ using flow cytometry. CMV DNA was detected in tissues by Real Time PCR.
CMV DNA was found in 31% of tumor tissues, while it was not seen in the adjacent non-tumor tissues. There was a close association between CMV in tumor tissue and tumor grade. Surface expression of CD107a and intracellular IFN-γ in CMV-stimulated CD8+T cells and the level of IFN-γ production in patient and control groups increased significantly after culture. The number of functions increased in patients (p<0.05) and healthy individuals after culture. Followingstimulation, expressions of CD107a and intracellular IFN-γ were elevated in tumor CMV positive patients while the TNF-α secretion was decreased.
In vitro stimulation of PBMC in the presence of CMV peptide epitopes and IL-2 can be an applicable method to generate cytotoxic CD8+ T cells in CRC patients for future T cell therapy.
Genetic Polymorphisms of CXCL8 (−251) Are Associated with the Susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori Infection Increased the Risk of Inflammation and Gastric Cancer in Thai Gastroduodenal Patients
Authors: Boonyanugomol Wongwarut , Rukseree Kamolchanok , Kongkasame Worrarat , Palittapongarnpim Prasit , Baik Seung-Chul , Manwong Mereerat
Published: September 2019

CXC Chemokine Ligand 8 (CXCL8) plays an important role in gastric inflammation and in the progression of gastric cancer induced by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. The association of CXCL8, CXC Chemokine Receptor 1 (CXCR1), and CXC Chemokine Receptor 2 (CXCR2) polymorphisms with H. pylori infection and gastric cancer progression needs to be investigated in a population within an enigma area consisting of multiple ethnicities, such as Thailand.
To analyze the relative risk of H. pylori infection and gastric cancer among Thai gastroduodenal patients, gene polymorphisms in CXCL8 (promoter region -251) and in CXCR1 and CXCR2 (receptors for CXCL8) were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and allele specific-PCR (AS-PCR). We also determined the presence of cytotoxin-associated gene A (cagA) in Thai patients with H. pylori infection. Correlation between the CXCL8 (-251) polymorphism and CXCL8 gene expression was evaluated by quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR (qRT-PCR).
We found a significant association between the T/A and A/A genotypes of CXCL8 (-251) with H. pylori infection. However, no significant correlation was found between the CXCR1 (+2607) and CXCR2 (+1208) gene polymorphisms with H. pylori infection among Thai gastroduodenal subjects. Within the H. pylori-infected group of Thai gastroduodenal patients, no significant differences in cagA were observed. In addition, the A/A genotype of CXCL8 (-251) significantly correlated with the risk of gastric cancer and correlated with higher CXCL8 gene expression levels in Thai gastroduodenal patients.
These results suggest that CXCL8 (-251) polymorphisms are associated with H. pylori infection, an increased risk of stronger inflammatory responses, and gastric cancer in Thai gastroduodenal patients.
Histologic, Metabolic, and Inflammatory Changes in the Liver of High-fat Diet-induced Obese Rats before and after Vitamin D Administration
Authors: Yaghchiyan Mahdi , Roshangar Leila , Abbasalizad Farhangi Mahdieh , Rafiei Leila , Shahabi Parviz
Published: September 2019

The current study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin D administration on the markers of inflammation and metabolic damages in the liver of high-fat diet-induced obese rats.
Forty male Wistar rats were divided into two groups of control receiving a normal diet (ND) and intervention receiving a high-fat diet (HFD). After 16 weeks, each group was divided into two groups including ND, ND + vitamin D, HFD, and HFD + vitamin D. Vitamin D was administered by oral gavage for five weeks at the dose of 500 IU/kg. Hepatic MCP-1, TGF-β, and NF-κB levels, serum liver enzymes, and serum lipids, and histological and structural changes in the liver were determined.
Vitamin D administration significantly reduced the monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 concentrations in the HFD + vitamin D group compared with the HFD group and reduced liver Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) levels in both vitamin D-treated groups (p<0.05). Moreover, a significant reduction in the serum levels of aspartate amino transferase (AST) and alanine amino transferase (ALT) in vitamin D treated groups was identified (p<0.05). A significant improvement in lipids and a pronounced improvement in the markers of liver histology damage including fat accumulation, aggregation of inflammatory cells, pre-apoptotic changes, hepatic sinusoidal dilatation, and necrotic pyknosis in the Kupffer cells were also identified.
Our results demonstrated that vitamin D has potential effects in ameliorating the inflammatory, metabolic, and histologic changes in the liver of these animals.
Molecular Cloning, Expression and Purification of G-CSF Isoform D, an Alternative Splice Variant of Human G-CSF
Authors: Sadat Toghraie Fatemeh Sadat , Yazdanpanah-Samani Mahsa , Mahmoudi Maymand Elham , Hosseini Ahmad , Asgari Amir , Ramezani Amin , Ghaderi Abbas
Published: September 2019

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is the major regulator of hemopoiesis and granulopoiesis. However, overexpression of G-CSF has been implicated in several important processes in tumor biology such as tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Four different mRNA isoforms resulting from alternative splicing have been reported for G-CSF (transcript variants 1, 2, 3 and 4). The mRNAs and protein products of splice variants 1 and 2 have been isolated for the first time, from tumor cell lines. In the present study for the first time we isolated the G-CSF transcript variant 4 encoding G-CSF isoform D from a highly malignant tumor cell line (Mehr80) with overexpression of G-CSF.
Both the full-length G-CSF isoform B and G-CSF isoform D were cloned from Mehr80 cell line, overexpressed in Escherichia coli as N-terminal glutathione-S-transferase fusion proteins in the form of inclusion bodies and affinity purified by the batch method using glutathione-Sepharose 4B resin.
Both fusion proteins were successfully cloned and expressed. Folded recombinant proteins were solubilized from inclusion bodies using sarkosyl, Triton X-114 and CHAPS and purified. The purity of G-CSF isoforms was confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and they were clearly detected in western blot analysis using anti-G-CSF polyclonal antibody.
The G-CSF plays various roles in physiological and pathological conditions, however to date, the differential function of G-CSF isoforms remains unknown. Considering the fact that G-CSF isoform D was isolated from a highly malignant tumor cell line with overexpression of G-CSF, the role of this splice variant in tumorigenesis requires further investigation.
Identification of a Novel C16orf57 Mutation in Iranian Patient With Clericuzio-type Poikiloderma with Neutropenia (CPN): A Case Report
Authors: Abolnezhadian Farhad , Iranparast Sara
Published: September 2019

Poikiloderma is a hereditary pathologic situation in which the appearance of skin rash is associated with epidermal atrophy, telangiectasia, and reticular dyspigmentation skin symptoms of poikiloderma are usually caused by sun damage. The main reason forpoikiloderma is unknown. We introduce a 14- month-old boy who referred to our center with a complaint of fever and cough. Furthermore, hepatosplenomegaly symptoms had been presented at the time of birth and were continuously observed at age one. He had transient thrombocytopenia when he was born due to his prematurity condition, which was resolved during Intravenous Immunoglobin (IVIG) treatment. Therefore, the presence of various mutation scan lead to distinct clinical symptoms. Immunohematologic abnormalities such as increased level of IgM and IgE antibodies, as well as increased C-reactive protein (CRP) and Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), have been reported. However, mutation of the C16orf57 gene was identified in this patient. We also introduced a new genetic mutation in a particular part of DNA sequence (NM_001195302: exon6: c.T703C) that leads to new clinical finding in PN.
Skewed X-inactivation in a Female Carrier with X-linked Chronic Granulomatous Disease
Authors: López-Hernández Itzel , Deswarte Caroline , Ángel Alcantara-Ortigoza Miguel , del Mar Saez-de-Ocariz María , Antonio Yamazaki-Nakashimada Marco , Espinosa-Padilla Sara Elva , Bustamante Jacinta , Blancas-Galicia Lizbeth
Published: September 2019

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a primary immunodeficiency caused by defective phagocytic NADPH oxidase, causing a complete lack or significant decrease in the production of microbicidal reactive oxygen metabolites. It mainly affects male children; however, there are scarce reports of adult females diagnosed with X-linked-CGD attributed to an extremely skewed X-chromosome inactivation. This condition is characterized by severe and recurrent infections that usually develop after childhood. In clinical practice, physicians who usually confront these patients should suspect this entity and differentiate it from a secondary immunodeficiency. Here, we report a 38-year-old Mexican female with juvenile-onset X linked-CGD, caused by a de novo mutation and extremely skewed X-inactivation, whose clinical features were similar to those in patients with classic X-linked-CDG.
Lupus Erythematosus and Chronic Granulomatous Disease: Report of Four Iranian Patients with AR-CGD and One XL-CGD
Authors: Maddah Marzieh , Fazlollahi Mohammad Reza , Shiari Reza , Shahram Farhad , Mamishi Setareh , Babaie Delara , Monajemzadeh Maryam , Sotoudeh Soheila , Hamidieh Amir Ali , Badalzadeh Mohsen , Tajik Shaghayegh , Sedighipour Leila , Pourpak Zahra
Published: September 2019

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is a rare genetic disorder of neutrophil activity, resulting in increased rate of recurrent infections with catalase–positive bacteria and fungi, as well as various autoimmune diseases such as sarcoidosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and discoid and/or systemic lupus erythematosus. Few reports have reported lupus erythematosus (LE) in patients with X–linked CGD (XL-CGD) and carriers, and very few in autosomal recessive CGD (AR-CGD). Here, we present 5 patients with CGD developing LE at different ages to emphasize on the importance of appropriate follow–up and treatment in patients with CGD with clinical signs and symptoms of autoimmune diseases and even in those with negative serologic results.