bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Population Dynamic Study of Prey‐Predator Interactions with Weak Allee Effect, Fear Effect, and Delay
Authors: Li Ye Xuan , Liu Hua , Wei Yu Mei , Ma Ming , Ma Gang , Ma Jing Yan
Published: February 2022

In this study, a predator‐prey model with the Allee effect and fear effect is established. We use the comparison principle to prove boundedness. The zero equilibrium point and nonzero equilibrium point of the model are calculated, and the local stability conditions are obtained. Next, according to the Sotomayor theorem, the cross‐sectional conditions of transcritical bifurcation and Hopf bifurcation are obtained. The conditions for the Hopf bifurcation to be supercritical or subcritical can be calculated by the normal form theory. Then, to make the model more realistic, we introduce the gestation delay in the proposed mathematical model. Stability and Hopf bifurcation are also analyzed. Finally, several numerical simulations are presented to verify the conclusions. Our results demonstrate that the Allee effect, fear effect, and delay play significant roles in population dynamics. The Allee effect and delay destabilize the originally stable model, after which Hopf bifurcation occurs. However, the fear effect can enhance stable coexistence.
Health-Related Quality of Life and Coping Strategies in a Cohort Study of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Naïve Patients Adherence
Authors: de Oliveira França Patricia , Ayres Lorena Rocha , Pimassoni Lúcia Helena , Cerutti Junior Crispim
Published: February 2022

Objective. The main objective of this study was to describe the perceived quality of life (QoL) in patients living with AIDS (PLWA) and their chosen coping strategies in a cohort of individuals managed with HAART. Methods. This is a prospective cohort study conducted at the Medication Dispensing Unit of a university hospital (MDU-UH) located in southeastern Brazil. Study population comprised HIV/AIDS patients starting antiretroviral treatment at MDU. The final sample comprised 99 participants. Patients were followed up for 24 months from their recruitment. We used a face-to-face questionnaire to determine sociodemographic and behavioural variables. Quality of life (QoL) and coping strategies (CS) were measured through validated instruments. Results. Regarding the QoL dimensions, the general perception of QoL among these participants was considered good. Regarding CS, the adherent patients scored higher than the nonadherents. Conclusions. The present study revealed that the perceived QoL can be maintained in individuals treated for HIV/AIDS. There is an association between high score of coping strategies and adherence to HAART.
Monitoring and Early Warning Analysis of the Epidemic Situation of Escherichia coli Based on Big Data Technology and Cloud Computing
Authors: Yan Meishu , Yan Meizi
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the molecular epidemiological characteristics and resistance mechanisms of Escherichia coli. The study established a big data cloud computing prediction model for the epidemic mechanism of the pathogen. The study establishes the early warning, control parameters, and mathematical model of Escherichia coli infectious disease and monitors the molecular sequence of the pathogen based on discrete indicators. A nonlinear mathematical model equation was used to establish the epidemic trend model of Escherichia coli. The study shows that the use of the model can control the relative error at about 5%. The experiment proves the effectiveness of the combined model.
Nobiletin Protects Endothelial Cell Function via Upregulation of eNOS/ET-1 and Antioxidant Status-Related Genes under Nonstimulated and Inflammatory Conditions
Authors: Li Lu , Zhang Biyun , De Pieri Ludovica , Wu Yue , Birch Karen , Boesch Christine
Published: February 2022

Nobiletin, a natural polymethoxylated flavonoid compound, has been shown to exert a wide range of biological activities. However, there is limited evidence on the molecular mechanisms by which nobiletin modulates endothelial cell function. Our aim was to investigate the potential of nobiletin to enhance endothelial cell functionality under nonstimulated and inflammatory conditions. To this end, gene expression relevant to nitric oxide (NO) production, endothelin 1 (ET-1), and antioxidant status in human endothelial cells EA.hy926 was determined using real-time PCR. The fluorescence probe 4,5-diaminofluorescein (DAF-2) was used to measure NO production. The results demonstrated significant upregulation of eNOS and antioxidant genes as well as downregulation of ET-1 by nobiletin under nonstimulated and TNF-α-stimulated inflammatory conditions. These findings suggest a promising protective effect of nobiletin with relevance for cardiovascular health, likely through the NO/ET-1 dynamics and Nrf2 signaling pathway.
A Theoretical Analysis of the Effectiveness of Sports Flipped Class Teaching Based on Motor Skill Learning
Authors: Chen Dongmei
Published: February 2022

This article compares the characteristics and advantages of flipped sports classrooms with other disciplines and traditional sports classrooms, and analyzes the characteristics and advantages of flipped sports classrooms, using the method of experimental comparison and comparative analysis to sort out the characteristics of Flipped classes in the application of teaching practice. Adjusting the teaching process and structure, with sports skill teaching as the main line, can create conditions for the deepening and expansion of PE. Students are the main body in a flipped class, which confirms the teaching concept. With the advent of the Internet era, students can access the information network at any time and from any location to gain PE knowledge. To meet students' learning needs, teachers must interact with them more and grasp teaching feedback more quickly. To sort out and research flipped classroom teaching in physical education, compare the use of flipped classroom teaching in physical education to traditional PE teaching over time, and demonstrate that flipped classroom teaching in physical education should be based on sports skills teaching and the teaching process. Making the necessary adjustments can help students learn in a positive environment. Then it examines two levels of technology and operation implementation in order to provide theoretical support for Flipped classroom teaching and improve student learning efficiency.
A Study of the Influence of Collaboration Networks and Knowledge Networks on the Citations of Papers in Sports Industry in China
Authors: Zhang Yu , Ding Jianlan , Yan Hui , He Miao , Wang Wei
Published: February 2022

A scientific paper’s citation represents its influence, which is the most intuitive indicator to access the quality of papers. This paper mainly adopts the social network analysis method, using the authors and the keywords of sports industry papers in China to constitute the networks of collaboration and knowledge, to explore effects of the degree centrality of authors and keywords and the structural hole of authors and keywords on the citation of papers in the collaboration and knowledge networks and draw the following conclusions: (1) as for collaboration networks, the degree centrality at the paper level is positively correlated with citations; (2) in the collaboration network, the positive correlation between the structural hole at the paper level and citations does not exist; (3) within knowledge networks, an inverted‐U shape was found between degree centrality and paper’s citation; and (4) within knowledge networks, a positive correlation is in existence between the structural hole of papers and their citation. This study synthesizes the already widely used collaboration network with the knowledge network constructed through keywords, distinguishes from the previous network features focusing at the author level, and explores research projects of Chinese Sports Industry from the paper level, providing a new perspective for the research of sports industry in China, complementing the methods and ideas of sports industry research, as well as providing a reference for the research in other disciplinary fields.
Risk of COVID-19 in Health Professionals: A Case-Control Study, Portugal
Authors: Lucaccioni Héloïse , Costa Cristina , Duque Mariana Perez , Balasegaram Sooria , Sá Machado Rita
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Health professionals face higher occupational exposure to SARS-CoV-2. We aimed to estimate the risk of COVID-19 test positivity in health professionals compared to non-health professionals. Methods: We conducted a test-negative case-control study using Portuguese national surveillance data (January to May 2020). Cases were suspected cases who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2; controls were suspected cases who tested negative. We used multivariable logistic regression modelling to estimate the odds ratio of a positive COVID-19 test (RT-PCR; primary outcome), comparing health professionals and non-health professionals (primary exposure), and adjusting for the confounding effect of demographic, clinical, and epidemiological characteristics, and the modification effect of the self-reported epidemiological link (i.e., self-reported contact with a COVID-19 case or person with COVID-19-like symptoms). Results: Health professionals had a 2-fold higher risk of a positive COVID-19 test result (aOR = 1.89, 95% CI 1.69–2.11). However, this association was strongly modified by the self-report of an epidemiological link such that, among cases who did report an epidemiological link, being a health professional was a protective factor (aOR = 0.90, 95% CI 0.82–0.98). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that health professionals might be primarily infected by unknown contacts, plausibly in the healthcare setting, but also that their occupational exposure does not systematically translate into a higher risk of transmission. We suggest that this could be interpreted in light of different types and timing of exposure, and variability in risk perception and associated preventive behaviours.
Elevated Cystatin-C Levels Are Associated with Increased Mortality in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients: An HIJ-PROPER Sub-Analysis
Authors: Saito Takashi , Arashi Hiroyuki , Yamaguchi Junichi , Mori Fumiaki , Ogawa Hiroshi , Hagiwara Nobuhisa
Published: February 2022

Background and Aims: We investigated the association between serum cystatin-C (Cys-C) levels and cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods: Data of 1,100 patients from the prospective parent study were included. Patients hospitalized for ACS were divided into 4 groups based on quartiles (Q) of Cys-C levels (mg/L) within 24 h of admission: Q1, ≤0.82; Q2, 0.82 < estimated level ≤0.95; Q3, 0.95< estimated level ≤1.12; and Q4, >1.12. The primary endpoint of this study was all-cause mortality, and the secondary endpoint was composite of all-cause mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, unstable angina pectoris, or ischemia-driven revascularization. Results: During a median observation period of 4.0 years, the primary endpoint was noted in 5, 12, 18, and 36 patients in Q1–Q4, respectively, with corresponding incidence rates of 1.8%, 4.4%, 6.5%, and 13.5%, respectively (p < 0.0001 for difference among 4 groups). This association persisted even after adjusting for patient characteristics and other laboratory results at baseline (p = 0.04). A stepwise increase in the incidence rate of the secondary endpoint with an incline in Cys-C levels was observed in the nonadjusted model (26.6%, 33.3%, 32.3%, and 39.1% in Q1–Q4, respectively; p = 0.01) but not in the adjusted model (p = 0.3). No difference was observed in the incidence rate of nonfatal myocardial infarction (p = 0.89), nonfatal stroke (p = 0.3), unstable angina pectoris (p = 0.49), and ischemia-driven revascularization (p = 0.47) with an incline in Cys-C levels. Conclusion: Elevated Cys-C levels were associated with increased all-cause mortality but not cardiovascular events other than mortality in ACS patients.
Asolidariedade Sul-Sul como alternativa do desenvolvimento para as pequenas economias da América Latina
Authors: Feliciano Héctor Cruz
Published: February 2022

Asolidariedade Sul-Sul como alternativa do desenvolvimento para as pequenas economias da América Latina
Relato da experiência da Pedagogia Griô na Escola Viva Olho do Tempo: "trazendo a alegria do Engenho Velho, nós somos a força de Gramame e o cantar é de Mituaçu"
Authors: Limeira Maria Déa , Teixeira Maria da Penha
Published: February 2022

Relato da experiência da Pedagogia Griô na Escola Viva Olho do Tempo: "trazendo a alegria do Engenho Velho, nós somos a força de Gramame e o cantar é de Mituaçu"
"Narrativas da Trilha Griô nas Terras do Boi Falô" - a experiência partilhada da Pedagogia Griô
Authors: Dutra Henrique
Published: February 2022

Este artigo busca apresentar uma reflexão sobre como os processos de criação e produção da “Trilha Griô nas Terras do Boi Falô”, realizado pelo Ponto de Cultura NINA, Mestres Griôs de tradição oral e EMEF Maria Pavanatti Favaro em Campinas (SP), podem refletir em práticas de cultura de tradição oral na disputa de narrativas e formas de aprendizagens dentro das instituições formais de ensino. A partir de uma perspectiva da Pedagogia Griô de valorização da cultura e da identidade ancestral local e, ao mesmo tempo, preenchendo um espaço de demanda criada pela lei 10.639/2003 que obriga o ensino da história e cultura afro-brasileira nas escolas, a trilha integra mito, arte, ciência e historia na invenção de novos possíveis para o conhecimento a partir do corpo, da palavra e da identidade afro-brasileira. Palavras chaves: estudos culturais das ciências, domínio sociocultural, Pedagogia Griô, cultura popular, história afro-brasileira.
Irradiação das belas letras nas plagas cearenses: do oiteros à padaria espiritual
Authors: Da Costa Filho Cícero João
Published: February 2022

Este artigo é parte bem simplificada do primeiro capítulo da dissertação intitulada Padaria Espiritual: cultura e poder em Fortaleza nos fins do século XIX (1892-1898), defendida no Programa de Pós Graduação em História Social da Universidade de São Paulo, sob orientação do Dr.Marcos Napolitano.
A Discriminação Moral Contra Animais: o Conceito de Especismo
Authors: Naconecy Carlos
Published: February 2022

O presente ensaio trata de um conceito-chave como o qual os pensadores da Ética Animal articulam a defesa do status moral dos animais (não humanos): a discrimina- ção preconceituosa baseada na noção de espécie (biológica) – o chamado “especismo”. A análise começa com a caracterização do que vem a ser propriamente uma discriminação moral, passando pela definição de especismo e, por último, distingue tal conceito das noções aparentadas que frequentam a literatura dessa área
Poesia e história: considerações sobre Fernando Pessoa e Manuel Alegre
Authors: De Paula Marcelo Ferraz
Published: February 2022

Este artigo propõe algumas reflexões sobre as intrincadas relações entre poesia e história. Para tanto, realiza uma leitura crítica do poema “Os jogadores de xadrez”, de Fernando Pessoa – mais precisamente de seu heterônimo Ricardo Reis –, e do poema “Lição do arquitecto Manuel da Maia”, de Manuel Alegre. Os dois textos colocam em questão a função e os limites da poesia diante das catástrofes históricas: o primeiro por meio da referência a uma guerra genérica e o segundo através da destruição deixada pelo terremoto que assolou a cidade de Lisboa em 1755. O objetivo é aproximar a postura de alheamento, à primeira vista hostil ao plano da História, presente no poema de Pessoa, da tarefa benjaminiana que assume o poema de Alegre, centrado na recuperação ativa das ruínas do passado como forma de reinvenção do presente.
Os cus de Judas, de António Lobo Antunes: uma releitura do passado histórico português a partir da desconstrução do “eu”
Authors: Baccarin-Costa Eduardo Luiz
Published: February 2022

O presente artigo, recorte da nossa Dissertação de Mestrado, procura analisar, de maneira sucinta, como o romance Os Cus de Judas, de Antonio Lobo Antunes, propôs, por meio da memória, uma releitura do passado histórico de Portugal.  A partir deste romance, de acordo com teóricos como Seixo (2002), Reis (2004) e Arnaut (2007), tanto a literatura portuguesa quanto a própria história e especialmente a Guerra Colonial de Angola e a Revolução dos Cravos pôde ser pensada e entendida. Também procuramos mostrar como, sob a perspectiva do narrador, o conflito de identidades entre colonizador e colonizado e as ideologias capitalistas e socialistas fragmentam o narrador-personagem, dando a ele a conotação de romance pós-moderno, como defendido por Hutcheon (1991).
Às voltas com O homem da bicicleta
Authors: Corradin Flavia Maria Ferraz Sampaio
Published: February 2022

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar a peça O homem da bicicleta, escrita pelo dramaturgo contemporâneo português Jaime Gralheiro. Escrita e encenada em 1978, foi publicada pela Sociedade Portuguesa de Autores (Lisboa), em 1982. Para tanto, pretendemos buscar as relações intertextuais que a dramatização da narrativa Até amanhã, camaradas, de Manuel Tiago, pseudônimo literário de Álvaro Cunhal, revela, com o intuito de dar-lhe sentido no último quartel do século XX luso.
parafuso a menos, um parafuso a mais
Authors: Honda Lilian
Published: February 2022

Os sofrimentos de ordem psíquica são temas recorrentes na poesia de Adília Lopes, seja num registro marcadamente crítico ou irônico, quando não de pura invectiva, contra profissionais da psiquiatria e da psicanálise, ou na alusão aos psicofármacos, seus efeitos adversos no organismo e a displicência com que são prescritos. A questão se torna mais instigante quando se considera o jogo autobiográfico que atravessa a obra adiliana (nesse caso, um exercício inelutável) e o fato de a poetisa ter tornado público em entrevistas, mais de uma vez, o mal psíquico de que padeceu. Seus versos podem relacionar, por exemplo, um tema como a obesidade à consequência do uso de psicofármacos, passando pela imposição de um padrão de beleza ao corpo feminino, encadear esse tópico a questões do mundo do trabalho ou mesmo desdobrar-se em indagações sobre comportamentos histórica e socialmente determinados como aceitáveis. Os múltiplos sentidos desse jogo envolvendo a conformidade às regras e os sofrimentos psíquicos na poética de Adília Lopes tornaram necessário buscar uma conceitualização mais precisa de “normalidade” e “anormalidade” a partir da reflexão filosófica de Georges Canguilhem, autor de O Normal e o Patológico, na qual são investigados os paradigmas que estruturaram o conhecimento médico-científico e as noções de saúde/doença, normalidade/patologia e anomalia, conceitos que passaram a formar a base da multiplicação de dispositivos reguladores em todas as esferas da vida social.
Da ilusão à materialização: reflexões sobre o “estatuto ilusório” do material biográfico a partir dos estudos queer
Authors: Geller Junior Lúcio
Published: February 2022

A partir de diálogos estabelecidos com os estudos queer, tenho como objetivo refletir sobre um conhecido estatuto atribuído ao material biográfico pelo sociólogo Pierre Bourdieu em meados da década de 1980. Na forma de uma advertência, a chamada “ilusão biográfica” é uma noção dirigida aos intelectuais das humanidades, em que destaco o meu segmento, a historiografia, que pretendem fazer uso das histórias de vida em seus trabalhos. Por outro lado, busca assegurar um caráter “ficcional” ao discurso biográfico, interditando essa forma de representação do vivido. Nesse sentido, ao considerar que esse último aspecto não é de menor importância na hora de se apropriar desta ideia para operar, e se relacionar, com o “biográfico”, acarretando distintos “efeitos de poder”, segundo Michel Foucault, construo uma análise em dois momentos. Primeiro, examino o argumento de Bourdieu em seu ensaio, bem como em escritos posteriores e entre alguns de seus interlocutores, diante das oscilações e dos espaços ocupados pelas histórias de vida dentro e fora dos estudos humanísticos. Em seguida, sugiro algumas possibilidades de leitura a partir da filósofa Judith Butler, além de alguns de seus intérpretes, expoentes dos estudos queer; baseado em sua noção de “materialização”, com vistas a demonstrar a hipótese de que a “ilusão”, acarreta uma operação diferencial, (re)produz efeitos de poder e pode criar “desilusões”, como a ausência do “eu” na análise e na escrita biográfica
Solteiras, viúvas e casadas sem marido na São Paulo do século XIX: um olhar através das listas nominativas de habitantes de 1802
Authors: Silva Giovanna Turato Citron
Published: February 2022

Este artigo tem por escopo apresentar e explorar o perfil demográfico das mulheres sós (solteiras, viúvas e casadas com marido ausente) na cidade de São Paulo, através do uso das listas nominativas de habitantes de 1802, inserindo estes indivíduos no contexto sócio-histórico sincrônico para compreender não somente sua situação quantitativa na população, mas também seu papel na sociedade, com enfoque maior para as solteiras. Desse modo, o estudo tem base quantitativa e qualitativa, contando com o uso de fontes documentais para a coleta dos dados demográficos e de fontes bibliográficas para a fundamentação teórico-metodológica. Os dados levantados mostraram que este nicho populacional ocupava uma parcela muito significativa da população total, com ativa participação econômica e atuação histórica transformadora.
A utopia matriarcal (re)encenada no tríptico brechtiano de Helena Ignez
Authors: Oliveira Sandro de
Published: February 2022

Desde sua passagem pelas hostes do cinema marginal e pelo teatro experimental no Brasil, Helena Ignez flerta com os primados oswaldianos do Matriarcado de Pindorama. Na sua carreira como atriz – e agora também como realizadora –, revitaliza e subverte os princípios do matriarcado, trazendo à baila outros temas próximos a discussões mais amplas dos direitos humanos: reforma agrária, sexualidade liberta, ócio ligado à criatividade. Discute-se, então, como o tema do  matriarcado de Oswald de Andrade chegou a esses filmes aqui nomeados de “tríptico brechtiano”, em que uma subversão temática é levada à tela através de experimentalidade formal do jogo do ator no cinema. Em sua obra, Ignez propõe uma contraposição criativa e confrontadora aos conceitos e protocolos de boas maneiras, na união formal de Brecht com o matriarcado de Oswald de Andrade.
Crimen y costumbre en el barrio de Tepito: notas sobre una sustracción miserable
Authors: Gutierrez Jovani Rivera
Published: February 2022

Después de ser víctima por última vez de un robo en las inmediaciones de Tepito (espacio de la Ciudad de México en el que crecí), produje un relato del incidente a medio camino entre el diario de campo y el diario íntimo con el que me propuse analizar dos fenómenos: el primero son los principios que había incorporado durante mi socialización en el barrio y que en los viejos tiempos permitían administrar la ilegalidad, aunque siempre con límites, disrupciones o ajustes (como se sabe por los estereotipos e imágenes que circulan en la cultura pública nacional, los actos criminales siguen siendo cotidianos en Tepito); el segundo es una forma particular de robo a la que denominé sustracción miserable, un robo violento que dado su modus operandi es difícilmente perseguido o castigado y que  propicia pequeñas transacciones que movilizan de manera constante algunas de las principales economías ilegales locales (el narcomenudeo, la compra/venta de mercancía robada).
Bible: genealogical document of the fictitious framework.
Authors: Lima Juan Manuel Díaz
Published: February 2022

El marco teórico que orienta y conduce este estudio abarca el proceso creativo que precede a la escritura de guiones para desarrollar una serie de ficción, en dicho proceso se establece un documento denominado en el argot profesional como biblia. Hay un asunto muy evidente y palpable, que es el propio contenido de una biblia, ya que en la misma narración de una biblia, se da a conocer de una forma muy detallada la materia con la que está configurado un relato y máxime aún este tipo de relato que se ha sido denominado por la crítica como un relato fragmentado. Este contexto es fundamental para entender una de las hipótesis planteadas, que toma como base que la biblia bajo su apariencia prosaica (es decir su forma en la que está escrita) puede constituirse como una crónica de la genealogía del sistema narrativo vigente en la industria televisiva. La biblia es un documento que precede al ámbito de la realización de las series de ficción, donde se especifica fundamentalmente los componentes organizativos de toda narración, entre ellos, los principios relativos a personajes, acción y espacio dramático. Es decir, se ha de ver que la biblia es un texto-manifiesto de las cuestiones fundamentales que dan entidad a un relato, por tanto:  lo constituye y le da forma. De esta manera, se propone entender dicho documento como fuente primordial y legítima para el análisis dramatúrgico en el ámbito televisivo.
Das máscaras da Commedia dell´'arte aos personagens da microssérie Capitu, dirigida por Luiz Fernando Carvalho: entrevista com a preparadora de elenco Tiche Vianna
Authors: Rosa Luiza Maria Almeida
Published: February 2022

Beatriz Maria Vianna Rosa, mais conhecida como Tiche Vianna, é atriz e diretora teatral, que atua principalmente nas seguintes frentes: commedia dell'arte, máscaras e teatro popular. Coordena e dirige o Barracão Teatro: espaço de investigação e criação teatral sediado em Campinas (SP). Foi preparadora de elenco da microssérie “Capitu” (2008), dirigida por Luiz Fernando Carvalho para a Rede Globo, sobre a qual oferece, nesta entrevista, mais detalhes a respeito do modo de trabalhar do diretor, as questões envolvidas na adaptação, preparação de elenco e métodos que utilizou. “Capitu” é a adaptação de “Dom Casmurro” (1899), escrito por Machado de Assis, e faz parte do “Projeto Quadrante”, que visou a adaptação para a televisão de obras literárias ambientadas em regiões brasileiras específicas sob a coordenação de Carvalho, que desenvolveu um estilo próprio de dirigir adaptações, que chamamos de barroquizante (SARDUY, 1979; CAMPOS, 2001; PINHEIRO, 2013). Tiche Vianna conta, nesta entrevista, os bastidores da transformação do livro “Dom Casmurro” em microssérie “Capitu”, revelando as relações que foram feitas entre os personagens do livro com arquétipos da commedia dell’arte, bem como dá mais detalhes sobre sua relação com o diretor, com os atores e outros passos dados no processo de elaboração do produto.
Cranial Bone Transport Promotes Angiogenesis, Neurogenesis, and Modulates Meningeal Lymphatic Function in Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Rats
Authors: Bai Shanshan , Lu Xuan , Pan Qi , Wang Bin , Pong U Kin , Yang Yongkang , Wang Haixing , Lin Sien , Feng Lu , Wang Yan , Li Yucong , Lin Weiping , Wang Yujia , Zhang Xiaoting , Li Yuan , Li Linlong , Yang Zhengmeng , Wang Ming , Lee Wayne Yuk-Wai , Jiang Xiaohua , Li Gang
Published: February 2022

Background:

Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. However, the time window for quickly dissolving clots and restoring cerebral blood flow, using tissue-type plasminogen activator treatment is rather limited, resulting in many patients experiencing long-term functional impairments if not death. This study aims to determine the roles of cranial bone transport (CBT), a novel, effective, and simple surgical technique, in the recovery of ischemic stroke using middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) rat model.

Methods:

CBT was performed by slowly sliding a bone segment in skull with a special frame and a speed of 0.25 mm/12 hours for 10 days following MCAO. Morris water maze, rotarod test, and catwalk gait analysis were used to study the neurological behaviors, and infarct area and cerebral flow were evaluated during CBT process. Immunofluorescence staining of CD31 and Nestin/Sox2 (sex determining region Y box 2) was performed to study the angiogenesis and neurogenesis. OVA-A647 (ovalbumin-Alexa Fluor 647) was intracisterna magna injected to evaluate the meningeal lymphatic drainage function.

Results:

CBT treatment has significantly reduced the ischemic lesions areas and improved the neurological deficits in MCAO rats compared with the rats in the control groups. CBT treatment significantly promoted angiogenesis and neurogenesis in the brain of MCAO rats. The drainage function of meningeal lymphatic vessels in MCAO rats was significantly impaired compared with normal rats. Ablation of meningeal lymphatic drainage led to increased neuroinflammation and aggravated neurological deficits and ischemic injury in MCAO rats. CBT treatment significantly improved the meningeal lymphatic drainage function and alleviated T-cell infiltration in MCAO rats.

Conclusions:

This study provided evidence for the possible mechanisms on how CBT attenuates ischemic stroke injury and facilitates rapid neuronal function recovery, suggesting that CBT may be an alternative treatment strategy for managing ischemic stroke.
“Your Papers for a Tourist Visa”: A Literary-Biographical Consideration of Isaac Bashevis Singer in Warsaw, 1923–1935
Authors: Stromberg David
Published: February 2022

This article focuses on two aspects of Isaac Bashevis Singer’s life and work from 1923 to 1935. First, it outlines his early career in Warsaw, focusing on his essays and tracing his efforts to establish a literary career independent from that of his older brother, Israel Joshua. Second, it considers Singer’s emigration from Warsaw, with a focus on his brother’s efforts to get him out, as found in personal correspondence. Along the way, I expose gaps between Singer’s memoirs and details found in letters, especially relating to historical circumstances leading him to obtain a tourist visa to the United States in 1935. The article delineates a tension between Singer’s establishment of a position within Yiddish literature in Warsaw distinct from his brother’s, and the need to leave the city in order to survive, adding Israel Joshua’s own voice to the testimony from this period.
Revision of the genus Adiscus Gistel, 1857 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae, Cryptocephalinae) from mainland China
Authors: DUAN WEN-YUAN , ZHOU HONG-ZHANG
Published: February 2022

The mainland Chinese fauna of the leaf beetle genus Adiscus Gistel, 1857 is revised and three new species described: Adiscus daofuensis Duan & Zhou, new species from Sichuan, Gansu and Henan, A. ningshanensis Duan & Zhou, new species from Shaanxi, and A. tanae Duan & Zhou, new species from Tibet. One species is newly recorded from China: A. pubiventris Medvedev, 2008. The mainland Chinese fauna of Adiscus is 35 species, almost all of which are redescribed. Color illustrations and line drawings are provided and a key to all 35 Chinese mainland species. Types of the new species are deposited in the Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Two new Orthocladiinae (Diptera: Chironomidae) collected in overlooked places of Midwest USA
Authors: NAMAYANDEH ARMIN , HUDSON PATRICK L.
Published: February 2022

We describe Cedrimyia margareti gen. nov., sp. nov. from Ohio and Wisconsin, and Parakiefferiella mishigami sp. nov. (Orthocladiinae) from Michigan. Cedrimyia is likely related to Antillocladius Sæther, 1981, Litocladius Mendes, Andersen and Sæther, 2004, Lyrocladius Mendes and Andersen, 2008, and Compterosmittia Sæther, 1981, genera with scalpellate acrostichals. The new species of Parakiefferiella has a well-separated bilobed inferior volsella differing in shape from known Parakiefferiella species.
The Neo-Aramaic Oral Heritage of the Jews of Zakho
Authors: Aloni Oz
Published: February 2022

In 1951, the secluded Neo-Aramaic-speaking Jewish community of Zakho migrated collectively to Israel. It carried with it its unique language, culture and customs, many of which bore resemblance to those found in classical rabbinic literature. Like others in Kurdistan, for example, the Jews of Zakho retained a vibrant tradition of creating and performing songs based on embellishing biblical stories with Aggadic traditions.

Despite the recent growth of scholarly interest into Neo-Aramaic communities, however, studies have to this point almost exclusively focused on the linguistic analysis of their critically endangered dialects and little attention has been paid to the sociological, historical and literary analysis of the cultural output of the diverse and isolated Neo-Aramaic communities of Kurdistan. In this innovative book, Oz Aloni seeks to redress this balance.

Aloni focuses on three genres of the Zakho community’s oral heritage: the proverb, the enriched biblical narrative and the folktale. Each chapter draws on the authors’ own fieldwork among members of the Zakho community now living in Jerusalem. He examines the proverb in its performative context, the rewritten biblical epic narrative of Ruth, Naomi and King David, and a folktale with the unusual theme of magical gender transformation. Insightfully breaking down these examples with analysis drawn from a variety of conceptual fields, Aloni succeeds in his mission to put the speakers of the language and their culture on equal footing with their speech.
Saidiya Hartman i krnąbrne biografie. Co czarne herstorie mogą zrobić dla polskiego „zwrotu ludowego”?
Authors: Kiełpiński Łukasz
Published: February 2022

Saidiya Hartman and Wayward Biographies: What Can Black Herstories Do for the Polish “People’s Turn”?This article presents on the method of “critical fabulation”, developed by American academic Saidiya Hartman with a view to reconstructing lost biographies of black women from the period of slavery and shortly thereafter. Hartman’s controversial method finds its ethical and epistemological justification, which the author of the article tries to reconstruct. The study also discusses the possibility of adapting the technique of critical fabulation for the purpose of telling women’s stories as part of the Polish “people’s turn”. Saidiya Hartman i krnąbrne biografie. Co czarne herstorie mogą zrobić dla polskiego „zwrotu ludowego”?Artykuł stanowi omówienie metody „krytycznej fabulacji”, którą rozwija w swojej twórczości amerykańska badaczka, Saidiya Hartman. Jej celem jest rekonstrukcja utraconych biografii czarnych kobiet z okresu niewolnictwa i krótko po nim. Kontrowersyjna metoda Hartman znajduje swoje uzasadnienie etyczne oraz epistemologiczne, które stara się zrekonstruować autor tekstu. W drugiej części artykułu podjęte zostają rozważania dotyczące możliwości zaadaptowania techniki krytycznej fabulacji do opowiadania historii kobiet w ramach polskiego „zwrotu ludowego”.
Numerical investigation of the dynamic behavior of a Ti/TiB functionally graded material using Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar test
Authors: Zemani Kada , May Abdelghani , Gilson Lionel , Tria Djalel Eddine
Published: February 2022

This work focuses on the mechanical behavior, at high strain rates, of metal-ceramic functionally graded materials (FGMs) using a Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) technique. The validity and the accuracy of the SHPB test results for these composite materials have not been meticulously studied due to their complex mechanical response under dynamic loadings. In this paper, numerical simulations of SHPB tests were performed to determine the dynamic response of specific FGMs at various strain rates. The effects of the compositional gradient exponent and the striker velocity, as well as increasing/decreasing stiffness through the thickness of the functionally graded specimen, were investigated. The considered material is composed of Titanium mono-boride ceramic (TiB) and Titanium metal (Ti) phases; the volume fraction (Vc) of the ceramic constituent varies through-thickness following a power-law distribution. The locally effective material properties were evaluated using a homogenization method based on the self-consistent method (SCM). The elastoplastic behavior of the FGMs under dynamic loading is described using dynamic Tamura-Tomota-Ozawa model (DTTO). The numerical simulations indicated that the compositional gradient exponent and striker velocity have significant effects on the dynamic response of the FGMs. On the other hand, the increasing/decreasing stiffness has a minor effect due to the low thickness of the experimental functionally graded specimen. Finally, the effect of the high strain rates the multiple interface reflection/transmission of the stress wave is very considerable for the design and the optimization of FGMs behavior under dynamic loading.
Communities of Practice and Discourse Communities: Negotiating Boundaries in NBPTS Certification
Authors: Burroughs Robert , Schwartz Tammy A. , Hendricks-Lee Martha
Published: February 2022

Certification from the National Board of Professional Teaching Standards (NBPTS) offers experienced teachers opportunities through a written portfolio to “match” their practice to the Board's standards. In creating standards and requiring teachers to argue in writing that they have realized the standards in their teaching, the NBPTS may offer a national discourse about teaching, and as such may form a “discourse community.” However, since teachers’ working knowledge is local, contextualized, personal, and oral, teachers may find difficulties in entering such a discourse. Using interviews and qualitative analysis, this study of four teachers applying for NBPTS certification found that teachers have difficulty representing their knowledge about practice in writing. Those candidates who were most successful were able to assume the NBPTS discourse values, which may be at odds with teachers’ “working knowledge.”
Learning to Speak Out in an Abstinence Based Sex Education Group: Gender and Race Work in an Urban Magnet School
Authors: Weis Lois , Carbonell-Medina Doris
Published: February 2022

This article explores race and gender work done under the auspices of an abstinence based sex education program in an urban magnet school. While it is generally acknowledged that there is not nearly enough sexuality education in schools, that which does exist leaves much to be desired. In these curricula young men are painted as biologically programmed sexual aggressors while women are scripted as passive victims whose only subject position is that of not provoking easily sexually aroused males. In addition, research shows that compulsory heterosexuality is inscribed throughout the school curriculum.

Here the author enters as a participant in one such sexuality program and works ethnographically with a voluntarily constituted girls group in an urban magnet school. As part of a larger look at “sites of hope” in urban America, the author focuses specifically on the ways in which this group offers a space within which personal and collective identity work takes place and assesses the extent to which such a space offers a “home” within which social stereotypes are contested and new identities tried on. The implications of such spaces for far reaching social change are explored.
Reimagining Race in Education: A New Paradigm from Psychology
Authors: Carter Robert T.
Published: February 2022

This article calls attention to the paradigms underlying current approaches to multicultural education and expands on them with contributions from the field of psychology. The first section introduces a typology of philosophical assumptions that has been used to classify approaches to multiculturalism in the field of psychology. The typology classifies assumptions as universal, ubiquitous, traditional, race-based, or pan-national. The second section discusses racial identity theory as an important psychological component of a race-based perspective for understanding race and culture in education. The third section describes how racial identity affects educational thought and practice.
How Context Mediates Policy: The Implementation of Single Gender Public Schooling in California
Authors: Datnow Amanda , Hubbard Lea , Conchas Gilberto Q.
Published: February 2022

In this article, we present findings about the implementation of single gender public schooling in California—a movement that signifies a growing interest in school choice and private sector solutions to public education problems. We analyze qualitative data gathered in a study of 12 single gender academies (6 boys; 6 girls). As well-meaning educators responded to California's single gender academies legislation, they designed schools and used resources to address the pressing needs of students in each community, such as low achievement, poverty, or violence, rather than to address gender bias. The impetus for single gender schooling in each context affected the organization, curriculum, and pedagogy in each academy, as did educators’ ideologies about gender. In the end, the politics surrounding the legislation, the resource interests of district and school administrators, and the lack of institutional support for this gender-based reform coalesced to structure the demise of most of the single gender academies. We consider the implications of these findings for the viability of single gender schooling as a public school option.
Cultural Resources and the Gap between Educational Theory and Practice
Authors: Neuman Yair , Bekerman Zvi
Published: February 2022

One source of potential failure in fostering reforms in education is educators’ captivity between an educational manifesto—a conscious ideology or theory, which aims to guide educational practice—and dominant cultural resources that may prevent the actualization of the manifesto. The aim of this paper is to raise educators’ awareness of this issue and to illustrate, through the qualitative analysis of an educational activity, the dynamics in which an educational manifesto is imprisoned by cultural resources.
Disability, Schooling, and the Artifacts of Colonialism
Authors: Kliewer Christopher , Fitzgerald Linda May
Published: February 2022

Eloquent, empirical, and philosophic decrees have been put forth describing and demanding a fundamental democratization of American public education. The primary foci of these critiques have centered on race, class, and gender. All but absent from the multicultural, feminist, and critical studies of schooling are serious analyses of the subjugation experienced by students tagged with disability labels. No other culturally recognized group of students experiences a similar mass level of deterministic segregation, tracking, and systematic social devaluation. That calls for school democratization consistently ignore students with disabilities suggests to us a certain ambivalence on the part of progressive scholars toward the place of disability in a just and excellent school: “Perhaps at disability,” so the logic must go, “we have encountered an essential need for separation.” In this paper, we reject the essentialist notion of the need to exclude children with disabilities from the community of school. We trace the origin of disability segregation to the advent of Western colonialism, and demonstrate the symbiotic relationship between cultural and racial oppression and the oppression of people with disabilities. We end with an urgent argument to include disability issues within postcolonial educational frameworks.
Community, Higher Education, and the Challenge of Multiculturalism
Authors: Alemán Ana M. Martínez
Published: February 2022

Using John Dewey's pragmatism, I seek to theorize a relevant and effective understanding of collegiate community within liberal culture. If we were to understand and enact multiculturalism on our campuses in a Deweyan way, we would introduce a method of thinking or “intelligent learning” which would make the ideal of community possible for institutions of higher learning. Characteristically Deweyan, universality and difference would alter and transform each other, serving to promote the growth of the community.
Requirements for an Assessment Procedure for Beginning Teachers: Implications from Recent Theories on Teaching and Assessment
Authors: Uhlenbeck Anne M. , Verloop Nico , Beijaard Douwe
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the best approach to the development of procedures to assess beginning teachers. First, studies on teacher thinking, teacher development, teacher learning and teacher knowledge were reviewed to obtain information on the most current views on the nature of teaching. Second, studies on new approaches to teacher assessment and on issues of validity and reliability were examined. An analysis of these topics yielded a set of implications that could be used as a basis for an adequate evaluation procedure. We propose a framework that consists of 15 implications for the development of beginning teacher assessments. We illustrate how the framework was applied in the development of an assessment procedure for beginning teachers.
Teacher as Mediator of School Reform: An Examination of Teacher Practice in 36 California Restructuring Schools
Authors: Olsen Brad , Kirtman Lisa
Published: February 2022

Our analysis investigates variations among intended reforms as demonstrated by observed teacher practice in 36 California restructuring schools. We identify a series of individual and school-wide influences that shape any teacher's relationship to the particular reform(s), therefore leading each teacher to mediate the reform(s) in individual ways. This paper posits a theoretical model of the teacher-as-mediator process which we use to shed analytic light on the “black box” of the teacher-as-mediator role in the reform process. We use data collected over 3 years in 36 schools to highlight a process whereby three concurrent strands of “mediating influences” (the formal implementation process, school-wide influences shaping climate, and individual influences on the teacher) interrelate to mold each teacher's disposition to implement the particular reform. This disposition, which we call “individual's mediating responses,” determines the shape, color, and tenor of the reform as it unfolds through teacher practice in the classroom. This produces the variation between teachers in a given school, between departments, between schools adopting similar reforms, and the discrepancy between intended reform consequences on the one hand and actual classroom practices on the other. Our essay illuminates the mediation process by identifying and illustrating lines of influences on teachers enacting reform and by exploring how those influences interrelated in practice. Our conclusion offers a series of questions researchers and policy makers may wish to take up as they consider how to better align school-wide reform efforts with actual practices of classroom teachers.
“Why Do They Give the Good Classes to Some and Not to Others?” Latino Parent Narratives of Struggle in a College Access Program
Authors: Auerbach Susan
Published: February 2022

This paper examines personal narratives of struggle with schooling from working-class Latino parents whose children were in an experimental college access program at a diverse, metropolitan high school. The voices of parents of color have traditionally been silenced in schools and muted in educational research, despite their potential to shape student careers and aspirations. Drawing on narrative analysis, critical race theory, and sociocultural theory to inform data from an ethnographic case study, I discuss the role of agency and oppositional voice in parents’ stories. I delineate three narrative types that emerged in interviews and a series of parent meetings around college access issues: life stories of parents’ own struggles as students; stories of bureaucratic rebuff in parents’ encounters with staff in their children's schools; and counterstories that challenge official narratives of schooling. I argue that the sharing of such stories in free spaces is instrumental in the building of parents’ social networks, the negotiation of conflict with the school, and the formation of empowering family identities. If educators join the dialogue, such story exchange can offer insight into students’ multiple worlds and pave the way for improved family-school relations.