bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aerosol backscatter profiles from ceilometers: validation of water vapor correction in the framework of CeiLinEx2015
Authors: Wiegner Matthias , Mattis Ina , Pattantyús-Ábrahám Margit , Bravo-Aranda Juan Antonio , Poltera Yann , Haefele Alexander , Hervo Maxime , Görsdorf Ulrich , Leinweber Ronny , Gasteiger Josef , Haeffelin Martial , Wagner Frank , Cermak Jan , Komínková Katerina , Brettle Mike , Münkel Christoph , Pönitz Kornelia
Published: October 2018

Abstract. With the rapidly growing number of automated single-wavelength backscatter lidars (ceilometers) their potential benefit for aerosol remote sensing received considerable scientific attention. When studying the accuracy of retrieved particle backscatter coefficients it must be considered that most of the ceilometers are influenced by water vapor absorption in the spectral range around 910 nm. In the literature methodologies to correct for this effect have been proposed, however, a validation was not yet performed. In the framework of the ceilometer intercomparison campaign CeiLinEx2015 in Lindenberg, Germany, hosted by the German Weather Service, it was possible to tackle this open issue. Ceilometers from Lufft (CHM15k and CHM15kx, operating at 1064 nm), from Vaisala (CL51 and CL31) and from Campbell Scientific (CS135), all operating at a wavelength of approximately 910 nm, were deployed together with a multi-wavelength research lidar (RALPH) that served as reference. In this paper the validation of the water vapor correction is performed by comparing ceilometer backscatter signals with measurements of the reference system extrapolated to the water vapor regime. One inherent problem of the validation is the spectral extrapolation of particle optical properties. For this purpose AERONET measurements and inversions of RALPH signals were used. Another issue is that the vertical range where validation is possible is limited to the upper part of the mixing layer due incomplete overlap, and the in general low signal to noise ratio and signal artefacts above that layer. Our intercomparisons show that the water vapor correction leads to a quite good agreement between the extrapolated reference signals and the measurements in the case of CL51 ceilometers at one or more wavelengths in the specified range of the laser diode's emission. This equivocation is due to the similar effective water vapor transmission at several wavelengths. In the case of CL31 and CS135 ceilometers the validation was not always successful. That suggests that error sources beyond the water vapor absorption might be dominant. For future applications we recommend to monitor the emitted wavelength and to provide dark measurements on a regular basis.
Unifying soil organic matter formation and persistence frameworks: the MEMS model
Authors: Robertson Andy D. , Paustian Keith , Ogle Stephen , Wallenstein Matthew D. , Lugato Emanuele , Cotrufo M. Francesca
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics in ecosystem-scale biogeochemical models have traditionally been simulated as immeasurable fluxes between conceptually-defined pools. This greatly limits how empirical data can be used to improve model performance and reduce the uncertainty associated with their predictions of carbon (C) cycling. Recent advances in our understanding of the biogeochemical processes that govern SOM formation and persistence demand a new mathematical model with a structure built around key mechanisms and biogeochemically-relevant pools. Here, we present one approach that aims to address this need. Our new model (MEMS v1.0) is developed upon the Microbial Efficiency-Matrix Stabilization framework which emphasizes the importance of linking the chemistry of organic matter inputs with efficiency of microbial processing, and ultimately with the soil mineral matrix, when studying SOM formation and stabilization. Building on this framework, MEMS v1.0 is also capable of simulating the concept of C-saturation and represents decomposition processes and mechanisms of physico-chemical stabilization to define SOM formation into four primary fractions. After describing the model in detail, we optimize four key parameters identified through a variance-based sensitivity analysis. Optimization employed soil fractionation data from 154 sites with diverse environmental conditions, directly equating mineral-associated organic matter and particulate organic matter fractions with corresponding model pools. Finally, model performance was evaluated using total topsoil (0–20 cm) C data from 8192 forest and grassland sites across Europe. Despite the relative simplicity of the model, it was able to accurately capture general trends in soil C stocks across extensive gradients of temperature, precipitation, annual C inputs and soil texture. The novel approach that MEMS v1.0 takes to simulate SOM dynamics has the potential to improve our forecasts of how soils respond to management and environmental perturbation. Ensuring these forecasts are accurate is key to effectively informing policy that can address the sustainability of ecosystem services and help mitigate climate change.
BGC-val: a model- and grid-independent Python toolkit to evaluate marine biogeochemical models
Authors: de Mora Lee , Yool Andrew , Palmieri Julien , Sellar Alistair , Kuhlbrodt Till , Popova Ekaterina , Jones Colin , Allen J. Icarus
Published: October 2018

Abstract. The biogeochemical evaluation toolkit, BGC-val, is a model- and
grid-independent Python toolkit that has been built to evaluate marine
biogeochemical models using a simple interface. Here, we present the ideas
that motivated the development of the BGC-val software framework, introduce
the code structure, and show some applications of the toolkit using model
results from the Fifth Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). A brief
outline of how to access and install the repository is presented in
Appendix A, but the specific details on how to use the
toolkit are kept in the code repository. The key ideas that directed the toolkit design were model and grid
independence, front-loading analysis functions and regional masking,
interruptibility, and ease of use. We present each of these goals, why they
were important, and what we did to address them. We also present an outline of
the code structure of the toolkit illustrated with example plots produced by
the toolkit. After describing BGC-val, we use the toolkit to investigate the performance
of the marine physical and biogeochemical quantities of the CMIP5 models and
highlight some predictions about the future state of the marine ecosystem
under a business-as-usual CO2 concentration scenario (RCP8.5).
A temperature- and stress-controlled failure criterion for ice-filled permafrost rock joints
Authors: Mamot Philipp , Weber Samuel , Schröder Tanja , Krautblatter Michael
Published: October 2018

Abstract. Instability and failure of high mountain rock slopes have
significantly increased since the 1990s coincident with climatic warming and
are expected to rise further. Most of the observed failures in
permafrost-affected rock walls are likely triggered by the mechanical
destabilisation of warming bedrock permafrost including ice-filled joints.
The failure of ice-filled rock joints has only been observed in a small
number of experiments, often using concrete as a rock analogue. Here, we
present a systematic study of the brittle shear failure of ice and rock–ice
interfaces, simulating the accelerating phase of rock slope failure. For
this, we performed 141 shearing experiments with rock–ice–rock “sandwich”'
samples at constant strain rates (10−3 s−1) provoking ice
fracturing, under normal stress conditions ranging from 100 to 800 kPa,
representing 4–30 m of rock overburden, and at temperatures from −10 to
−0.5 ∘C, typical for recent observed rock slope failures in alpine
permafrost. To create close to natural but reproducible conditions, limestone
sample surfaces were ground to international rock mechanical standard
roughness. Acoustic emission (AE) was successfully applied to describe the
fracturing behaviour, anticipating rock–ice failure as all failures are
predated by an AE hit increase with peaks immediately prior to failure. We
demonstrate that both the warming and unloading (i.e. reduced overburden) of
ice-filled rock joints lead to a significant drop in shear resistance. With a
temperature increase from −10 to −0.5 ∘C, the shear stress at
failure reduces by 64 %–78 % for normal stresses of 100–400 kPa.
At a given temperature, the shear resistance of rock–ice interfaces decreases
with decreasing normal stress. This can lead to a self-enforced rock slope
failure propagation: as soon as a first slab has detached, further slabs
become unstable through progressive thermal propagation and possibly even
faster by unloading. Here, we introduce a new Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion
for ice-filled rock joints that is valid for joint surfaces, which we assume
similar for all rock types, and which applies to temperatures from −8 to
−0.5 ∘C and normal stresses from 100 to 400 kPa. It contains
temperature-dependent friction and cohesion, which decrease by
12 % ∘C−1 and 10 % ∘C−1 respectively due
to warming and it applies to temperature and stress conditions of more than
90 % of the recently documented accelerating failure phases in permafrost
rock walls.
The Healing Rate of Type II Odontoid Fractures Treated With Posterior Atlantoaxial Screw-rod Fixation: A Retrospective Review of 77 Patients
Authors: Huang Da-Geng , Zhang Xin-Liang , Hao Ding-Jun , He Bao-Rong , Wang Xiao-Dong , Liu Tuan-Jiang
Published: October 2018

Background:

In theory, temporary posterior atlantoaxial screw-rod fixation for type II odontoid fractures is a way to preserve rotatory motion. However, the healing rate of type II odontoid fractures treated in this way is unknown; that is, the risk associated with conducting a temporary screw-rod fixation for type II odontoid fractures is unknown. This study investigates the healing rate of type II odontoid fractures treated with posterior atlantoaxial screw-rod fixation by CT imaging and evaluates the feasibility of conducting a temporary screw-rod fixation for type II odontoid fractures.

Methods:

Patients with type II odontoid fracture who underwent posterior atlantoaxial screw-rod fixation in our spine center from January 2011 to December 2014 were identified. Patients older than 65 years or younger than 18 years were excluded. Those who were confirmed to have healing odontoid fractures on CT imaging were included. Those in whom fracture healing was not confirmed were asked to undergo a CT examination. Fracture healing was confirmed on the basis of the presence of bridging bone across the odontoid fracture site on CT imaging.

Results:

Seventy-seven patients (56 men and 21 women) were included in the study. The average age of the patients was 40.7 ± 11.6 years (range, 18 to 64 years). The mean duration of follow-up was 26.4 ± 4.6 months (range, 24 to 40 months). Fracture healing was observed in 73 patients (94.8%).

Discussion:

The healing rate of type II odontoid fractures (with an age range of 18 to 64 years) treated with modern posterior atlantoaxial fixation is relatively high. For patients at that age range, posterior atlantoaxial temporary screw-rod fixation for type II odontoid fractures can be conducted with a low risk of nonunion.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV, therapeutic
Inadvertent Radial Head Inversion During Closed Reduction of a Pediatric Radial Neck Fracture
Authors: Sirois Zachary J. , Kreul Sarah M. , Shank Craig F.
Published: October 2018

Management of displaced pediatric radial neck fractures can be fraught with challenges. This unique case presents an 11-year-old female with a Salter-Harris type II radial neck fracture and how her radial head overturned 180° with the articular surface facing the radial shaft rather than the capitellum during closed manipulation under anesthesia. The malreduction subsequently required open reduction and highlights the importance of a careful stepwise approach to managing markedly displaced radial neck fractures. After closed reduction, meticulous assessment of intraoperative imaging when determining proper alignment is of the utmost importance as a result of the transverse nature of Salter-Harris type I and II fractures.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV
Developing New Technology Acceptance Model With Multi-Criteria Decision Technique: An Implementation Study
Authors: Oturakci Murat , Oturakci Murat
Published: October 2018

This study aims to develop and implement a new Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to verify and explain users’ acceptance of SAP software. The structural equation model (SEM) technique is used with the AMOS program for the adoption process. General structural model, which includes Experience, Voluntariness, Perceived Enjoyment, Perceptions of External Control, Computer Self Efficacy, Output Quality and Job Relevance, is developed with Analytical Hierarchy Method (AHP) and Pareto Analysis by deciding variables from previously original developed models which are called TAM1, TAM2 and TAM3. New TAM is tested to a sample of 384 SAP users in a company that serves in metal production. Results illustrates that new TAM is an appropriate tool to explain and understand users’ acceptance of SAP besides of being flexible and easily implemented. SAP users’ job relevance and their perceptions of external control are the most important variables that affect perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use in the model.
Regional Policy of Russia in the Far East: Why Does It Go Wrong and What Is Apparently Seceded
Authors: Volynchuk A. B. , Pestsov S. K. , Kozlov L. E. , Volynchuk Ya. A.
Published: October 2018

The main subject matter in this article is the development policy of the Russian Far East as one of the aspects (constituent elements) of the regional development of the Russian Federation declared and implemented by the country's leadership since the mid-1990s. The Russian experience of regional policy related to the development of the Far East is of scientific and practical interest. The analysis of modern regional policy allows us talking about a new content interpretation, formation of basic approaches, principles in the development of the Russian Far East. The main features and peculiarities of this policy are considered by the authors in the context of a discussion about the so-called new paradigm of regional policy that is unfolding in recent years. The article analyzes the strengths and weaknesses of the new regional policy based on the provision of tax and other benefits to business entities, and evaluates its effectiveness.
Stijlenspagaat van hedendaags bestuur
Authors: Zouridis Stavros , Tops Pieter
Published: October 2018

Styles of Governance and 21st Century Politics in the Netherlands

Whereas constitutions establish the institutions of government, human beings actually govern countries, municipalities, and regions. The institutional position of these people may be constitutionally constrained but the people who occupy these positions always have some discretion with regard to the way they fulfil their duties. Either consciously or unconsciously these officials develop their styles of governance. A style of governance reflects a combination of personal traits, institutional constraints, and a genuine set of beliefs with regard to what these duties exactly entail. While some people in a government position believe that a debate in Parliament constitutes the core of their work others may prefer developing policies or meeting citizens. Twenty years ago, observational research conducted in Dutch municipalities led to a set of five coherent beliefs or styles of governance. Over the past two decades, politics in the Netherlands has changed dramatically. The stable pillars that characterized and stabilized the Dutch political system have been replaced by political online and offline swarms, the volatility of the electorate has increased more than in other European countries, and incident driven politics has replaced the ideological and managerial political styles of the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s. In this article we explore the implications of these dramatic changes for the styles of governance in the Netherlands. As recent empirical research is not available yet, we analyse the changes in the Dutch political context to derive a number of implications for the styles of governance.
Bekwaam, betrouwbaar en betrokken: over de eigenschappen die volksvertegenwoordigers en bestuurders waarderen in medebestuurders
Authors: van Zuydam Sabine , Karsten Niels , Oostendorp Hans , Hoogstad Maarten , van Kooten Frank
Published: October 2018

Competent, trustworthy, and caring: The qualities peers value in executive politicians in decentralized government

Credibility is an essential quality for executive politicians but cannot be taken for granted. The literature on political leadership suggests that credible politicians are competent, trustworthy, and caring. Existing studies, however, often do not take into account differences between various offices and tend to ignore the distinction between disparate layers of government. In this article, we analyze as yet unutilized data from local and provincial councilors’ and executives’ evaluations on the qualities they ascribe to their fellow executive politicians. The data were collected for the 2015 Best Dutch Executive election and covers almost all executives who were in office at the time. In contrast to what the existing literature often presumes, our secondary quantitative analysis of this data on 1,776 executives shows that there are significant differences in the qualities that are used to evaluate the most appreciated local and provincial chairpersons on the one hand, and the most appreciated executives on the other hand. Whereas municipal mayors and provincial King’s Commissioners are championed for being particularly caring and showing decisiveness, municipal aldermen and provincial executives are valued in particular for their expertise. This finding indicates that a politician’s credibility for his peers depends on his office as each position requires a particular set of qualities.
De ongekende effecten van deregulering: een experiment in Hollands Kroon
Authors: Kruyen Peter , Brandsen Taco , Tholen Berry
Published: October 2018

The unknown effects of deregulation: An experiment in Hollands Kroon

What happens in the case of massive deregulation in the local public domain? Despite the widespread call for ‘less regulation’, the effects of large-scale deregulation have received surprisingly little academic attention. In this article, we present the results of a longitudinal study on the effects of deregulation in the Dutch municipality of Hollands Kroon. The municipality abolished a vast number of regulations on public order offences in a radical two-year policy experiment, encouraging citizens to exercise more social control. In contrast, criticasters expected that the experiment would lead to more public offenses and conflict. Based on our data collected over three survey rounds; focus groups with citizens, politicians and civil servants; and several secondary data sources, we conclude that there was little effect: neither an increase in public order offences, nor an increase in social control. Our research shows that, in the short term, deregulation did not significantly affect the behavior of citizens.
Marketing Research Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Iacobucci Dawn
Published: October 2018

This article considers three contemporary challenges faced by todays marketing researchers. These challenges involve big data, survey data, and publishing. With a marketers perennial optimism, each challenge is seen as an opportunity, to obtain better information than ever before.
Reward-based crowdfunding: a study of the entrepreneurs’ motivations when choosing the model as a venture capital alternative in Brazil
Authors: Amedomar André , Spers Renata Giovinazzo
Published: October 2018

The main purpose of this study is to understand why Technology-Based Companies (TBCs) resort to reward-based crowdfunding as a financing alternative in Brazil over other alternatives that are already consolidated. In order to answer this question, we conducted a multiple-case study with four TBCs operating in different sectors and a platform hosting this type of campaigns. We found evidence that TBCs choose reward-based crowdfunding as a funding model because they are still in early stages of development, because they are after funds to finance specific projects and for motivations that do not directly involve raising funds. The findings corroborate the motivations mentioned in the literature and add new items.
Innovation Readiness Assessment toward Research Commercialization: Case of Surfactants for Food Processing
Authors: Setiawan Arief Ameir Rahman , Sulaswatty Anny , Meliana Yenny , Haryono Agus
Published: October 2018

Determining the readiness of research toward commercialization becomes significant issues encountered by the institution working on research, innovation and technology development. Particularly in food processing area, the issue is much more involving other aspects aside from technological matter, hence, an assessment tool should be consider these aspects altogether to capture integrated perspective. This study explored the use of Innovation Readiness Level to measures the maturity of research from the perspective of technology, market, organization, partnership and risk. Case of surfactant researches in the Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Sciences will be deployed as examples of study. According to the assessment, it has been obtained the surfactant recommended for further development towards commercialization of R D results for food processing, i.e. Glycerol Mono Stearate (GMS), which has reached the level of IRL 3. This finding resulted some implications for improvements strategies to foster the research toward commercialization.
The Competitiveness of the Brazilian Telecommunications Sector
Authors: De Muylder Cristiana Fernandes , La Falce Jefferson Lopes , Rodrigues Maxwell Domiciano
Published: October 2018

Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the competitiveness and performance of the Brazilian telecommunications sector in the run up to the privatization process ended in 2013. Method: This research used secondary data relating to the Brazilian telecommunications sector from 1998 to 2013, in order to analyze the sector's competitiveness indicators and is based on the study by Ferraz et al. (1997) also checked by De Muylder (2004), in which results were grouped in groups of business, structural and systemic factors. Originality / Relevance: Explain indicators can support strategies and suggest new directions for the industry as a whole is very relevant since applied studies on performance and competitiveness of economic sectors assists in the conduct of public and sectoral policies (Sousa, Vasconcellos, 2000; De Muylder, 2004; Cardoso, 2012; Silva, 2007, Silva et al.,2016; Magro, Silva e Klann, 2017). Results: The changes observed over the years studied allowed to verify that the current characteristics of the sector and companies boosted the changes that continue to take place, although may already be evident that this is a sector with a range of differentiated service benefits to increase the value of companies to the number of competitors. Theoretical/ Methodological contributions: The discussion of competitiveness and performance indicators from empirical model, focusing on the expansion and market share is a theoretical contribution that was indicated by Fajnzylber (1988) primarily to include the social factor and concepts such as efficiency and effectiveness, price and quality (Coutinho, Ferraz, 1994).
Network Learning in the Context of Intercooperation and Network Merger: The Non-Merger Option
Authors: Toigo Taisson
Published: October 2018

Objective: With this study we aimed to analyze how the learning of the network occurred in the option of not merging, in the context of inter-cooperation and merger between business cooperation networks. Method: We carried out a single case study, which consisted of the inter-cooperation episodes between four networks and the merger process of three others. The object of analysis of this study was the network that opted for non-fusion. We conducted interviews and documentary analysis. Originality / Relevance: Among the growth strategies for networks is inter-cooperation and merger between networks. We have already conducted studies on episodes of inter-cooperation and fusion, but there is no knowledge of learning episodes in a non-fusion option situation. Results: The social programs implemented aim to increase the representativeness of the members in the cooperative and the new assembly process promoted a significant change in the participation of the members. The process resulted in an increase in the number of voters in the assemblies, strengthening their involvement and increasing the legitimacy of the cooperative vis-à-vis regulatory institution. Theoretical contributions: Factors such as increased bargaining power and information exchange favor inter-cooperation and differences in focus, identity and management policies inhibit merger. Contributions to management: The main managerial contribution of this study is the importance of participation in sector events and the insertion of the "agenda" of merger and inter-cooperation in the planning of the network.
The Deviation Game: Can Deviation from Standard Beauty Become Appealing? An Age Perspective
Authors: Goia Marisol Rodriguez , De Lima Mariana Braga , Barros Lucia Salmonson Guimarães
Published: October 2018

Objective: This article aims to qualitatively explore the possibilities of amplifying the female representations in advertising and other types of marketing communication that embraces mature women by the beauty industry. Method: We interviewed women who are 40 years old and older, and leaders from multinational and Brazilian beauty companies. We also ran a survey experiment testing the persuasiveness of a fashion ad. Main results: Consumers are persuaded by ads displaying mature women, but the industry representatives are skeptical about the commercial appeal of these images. Contributions: The usual communication and marketing practices from leader companies are not grounded by the logic of value co-creation. These companies seem not to be consumer-oriented as a prominent practice. Relevance/Originality: Beauty standards and communication and marketing content should be understood from a social and political configuration that belongs to the organizational field from the contemporary fashion and cosmetic industries. Marketing practices are oriented by power and prestige relations, and by values and norms that are shared within this field. Managerial Implications: It is possible to amplify beauty standards and, by doing so, to better meet mature womens aspirations.
Atratividade no Ensino Superior: Estudo com Alunos Ingressantes no Curso de Secretariado Executivo
Authors: Pontes Emiliano Sousa , Ferreira Roberto Cunha , Silva Régis Barroso , Martins Cibele Barsalini
Published: October 2018

Objetivo: O presente estudo tem como objetivo identificar quais os atributos mais relevantes na escolha de um curso superior nas dimenses de instituio de ensino, mercado de trabalho, motivos pessoais e curso.Mtodo: Tendo como objeto de investigao o curso de graduao em Secretariado Executivo da Universidade Federal do Cear e baseando-se no modelo de anlise proposto por Mainardes (2007), a pesquisa caracterizada como quantitativa e descritiva, tendo como estratgia o mtodo Survey, com coleta de dados realizada mediante questionrio estruturado em escala Likert. Os dados foram operacionalizados no Software IBM SPSS 22 e a anlise se deu por meio de estatstica descritiva e da tcnica multivariada de regresso linear.Originalidade/Relevncia: A atrao de estudantes fundamental para o crescimento e a sobrevivncia dos cursos e instituies de ensino, sendo imprescindvel identificar fatores-chave para a conquista de potenciais ingressantes.Resultados: Os resultados evidenciam que os atributos de atratividade que melhor explicam a escolha pelo curso de Secretariado Executivo relacionam-se com a empregabilidade do curso, ou seja, as motivaes relacionadas dimenso mercado de trabalho, e com a qualidade do ensino oferecido, atributo relacionado dimenso curso.Contribuies tericas/metodolgicas: A contribuio do estudo para a rea de Marketing est em fornecer informaes acerca de atributos que influenciam diretamente na satisfao futura do cliente, que neste caso esto relacionados ao mercado de trabalho e ao prprio curso de Secretariado Executivo.
Mensurando o Valor Percebido em Serviços de Alimentação: Uma Pesquisa com Consumidores de Fast Food
Authors: Queiroz Andre Felipe , Finocchio Caroline Spanhol
Published: October 2018

Objetivo do estudo: Este estudo teve como objetivo mensurar o valor percebido em servios de alimentao do tipo fast food. Metodologia/abordagem: Foi realizada uma pesquisa do tipo survey com 400 consumidores de fast food. Para mensurar o valor o percebido foi utilizada a escala multidimensional SERV-PERVAL. Na anlise dos dados foi empregada a modelagem de equaes estruturais. Principais resultados: Os resultados demostraram que os constructos tericos do modelo SERV-PERVAL podem predizer o valor percebido por consumidores brasileiros. A qualidade o fator de maior impacto na percepo de valor, seguido das dimenses reputao e emoo. Por outro lado, as dimenses comportamental e monetria contriburam em menor proporo para o valor percebido. Contribuies tericas/metodolgicas: Este estudo contribui para a compreenso terica das relaes entre as dimenses do modelo SERV-PERVAL e o valor percebido pelos consumidores de fast food brasileiros, podendo ser utilizado em outros setores econmicos relacionados a servios, pois se apresenta como um modelo terico consistente. Relevncia/originalidade: A maioria das pesquisas de valor percebido realizadas no Brasil no contemplam dimenses relacionadas as respostas emocionais. Nesse sentido, motivados pelo estudo de Petrick (2002), essa dimenso foi includa na pesquisa. Os resultados mostraram que as respostas emocionais, juntamente com as dimenses qualidade e reputao, so as que mais contribuem para o valor percebido no fast food.
Atitudes do Consumidor Frente ao Consumo de Marcas de Cosméticos
Authors: Lima Júnior Célio Gomes de , Castelo José Sarto Freire
Published: October 2018

Objetivo:O objetivo deste estudo verificar a validade preditiva das atitudes implcitas e explcitas para explicar as relaes entre atitude e comportamento do consumidor frente a duas marcas de cosmticos (Mary Kay TimeWise e Natura Ekos). Mtodo: So elaborados dois testes para mensurar atitudes (implcitas e explcitas) dos participantes. Por fim, cada um deles realiza uma tarefa de simulao de compra por computador. Uma regresso linear mltipla utilizada para identificar se os resultados do Teste de Associao Implcita (TAI) e da escala explcita de mensurao de atitude so estatisticamente eficazes para prognosticar os comportamentos simulados de consumo. Originalidade/Relevncia: Pesquisa relevante para a melhoria da medio das atitudes do consumidor, pois este estudo tambm faz uso das medidas implcitas, considerando as atitudes dos consumidores sem que eles estejam conscientes de suas respostas, j que estas atitudes tambm guiaro suas intenes de consumo. Resultados:As duas mensuraes de atitude indicam maior preferncia pela marca ambientalmente amigvel, revelando ainda que as duas escalas foram estatisticamente teis na predio dos comportamentos de consumo, sendo o TAI a varivel com maior capacidade preditiva. Contribuies tericas/metodolgicas: O estudo das atitudes implcitas traz contribuies prticas e metodolgicas para o estudo do comportamento do consumidor, uma vez que considera no apenas o discurso verbal, mas tambm os processos automticos, subjacentes conscincia, como os estados implcitos reduzindo o vis da aceitao social nas respostas explcitas.
Protection against weapons of mass destruction. Technical and functional solutions for sub-units of the Territorial Defense Forces — collective protection
Authors: Harmata Władysław , Witczak Marek
Published: October 2018

This material characterises the defense against weapons of mass destruction, as a system of security forces in case of risks of contamination (infections) in functional and performance-oriented terms. The basic technical equipment of the troops of the Polish Armed Forces is presented. It can be divided into the equipment and resources to identify contamination, protection against contamination, and decontamination.
Keywords: defense against weapons of mass destruction, equipment for protection against contamination
Main problems of the evaluation and selection of advanced weapon systems exemplified by a multi-role combat aircraft
Authors: Kozakiewicz Adam , Wróblewski Mirosław
Published: October 2018

This paper presents a selection of issues related to the methods of evaluation and selection
of advanced weapon systems for armed forces. The paper’s focus is ranking in the form of typical
Multidimensional Comparative Analysis Methods, and the AHP method which represents a large
group of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis methods. Both methods were illustrated with a practical
computational example related to combat aircraft. The example can help determine the defensive capabilities
of friendly forces; it can also support the decision-making process in the acquisition of novel
armament, including aircraft, ships, surface-to-air missile defense systems, etc.
Keywords: armament, military aviation, decision making support, multi-criteria analysis, AHP
method, ranking.
The influence of CBR parameters of low-frost-susceptible soils on the process of airport pavement design
Authors: Marszałek Jan , Chmielewski Ryszard , Waliszewski Damian
Published: October 2018

The paper presents the issue of layer thickness selection in designing of concrete airport pavements
depending on the values of soil substrate calculation parameters. This analysis is based on laboratory
testing of low-frost-susceptible soils, specifically silty sands of various silt content, for which the California
Bearing Ratio values were determined [1, 2]. Dimensioning methods used in airport pavement design
are presented, together with their brief descriptions. Comparative calculations of surface layer thickness
depending on the interpretation of the obtained CBR laboratory test results are performed. Differences
in airport pavement layer thickness resulting from the assumed CBR values are presented. A correction
of the results of pavement calculations based on the California bearing ratio is proposed.
Keywords: airport pavement, CBR test, pavement dimensioning, soil subtrate, low-frost-susceptible soil.
Situational model of technological
operations for secondary metallurgy
Authors: Zhadanos O. , Derevyanko I. , Chaika D. , Kukushkin O.
Published: October 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study was development of a computer situational model of heat
and power processes and transport operations for secondary steelmaking (SSM) to evaluate
the effectiveness of the proposed SSM energy regimes and minimization the consumption
of energy resources.
Design/methodology/approach: For the solution of the tasks were used next methods:
analytical and statistical methods of mathematical modeling; method of dynamic programming
for the development of technological recommendations for energy modes on LF; Harel state
charts to evaluate the effectiveness of the applied models.
Findings: In order to provide rational energy regimes for SSM, it is necessary to introduce a
new controlled parameter - the optimum time to start heating the melt at the ladle furnace unit
(LF), which is determined by solving the dynamic programming task. The melt heating start time
must be selected in such a way as to ensure that all the necessary technological operations
are performed during metal processing in the LF, taking into account schedule constraints, and
that the heating of the metal must be carried out with the maximum energy efficiency.
Research limitations/implications: The main objective of the present study was to
apply the mathematical modeling methods to ensure rational energy regimes of SSM.
Practical implications: The developed situational model of technological operations for
SSM will allow finding reserves to increase the productivity and quality of the process, and
to evaluate the effectiveness of new technological solutions.
Originality/value: To ensure an energy-efficient treatment of steel in LF, it is necessary:
the time for starting the heating of the metal is chosen such that the energy efficiency of the
LF, which depends on the thickness of the slag layer, is maximum at each stage; increase
the power that is supplied to the heating of the melt by switching the voltage taps of the
transformer as the thickness of the slag cover increases.
ORGANIC FARMING IN UKRAINE – STATE, PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Cherevko Heorghiy
Published: October 2018

The purpose of the article is to identify the main problems related to the development of organic farming in Ukraine. In the course of the research, the existing approaches to understanding the essence of organic agriculture, its advantages over traditional production as well as the current state of the industry are analyzed. The main tendencies of organic agriculture development in the country are revealed against the backdrop of global trends, the peculiarities of the formation of Ukrainian organic agricultural products’ export and its domestic market are studied. The main factors affecting them are grounded and the prospects for the development of organic agriculture in the Ukraine and ways of achieving it are substantiated. Particular attention is paid to the necessity of the regulatory and supportive role of the government, especially in the conversion period. Also, the need for a wider understanding of organic products, its usefulness and benefits in production, by the population and producers, are addressed.
AN ATTEMPT TO MEASURE A KNOWLEDGE-BASED ECONOMY
ON THE EXAMPLE OF SPATIAL DIVERSITY OF POLAND’S VOIVODESHIPS
IN 2009-2016
Authors: Szymanowski Wacław , Brudniak Gabriela
Published: October 2018

The aim of the article is an attempt to measure the level of development of a Knowledge-Based Economy (KBE). The applied Knowledge Assessment Methodology (KAM), developed by the World Bank in 1999, is one of the methods for measuring the degree of development of KBE. It is connected with the development of a set of indicators describing the functioning of individual socio-economic dimensions, grouped into four categories: (A) economic and institutional, (B) education and human resources, (C) information systems and new technologies, (D) information technologies. The analysis of these pillars helps to gain a competitive advantage (region, industry, national economy). Synthetic indexes for Polish voivodeships in 2009-2016 were calculated. The research results present a significant spatial difference in the development of KBE. Changes in this diversification of voivodeships were presented for 2015 and 2016 in relation to 2012 and 2009.
L’exercice de moyens de pression par les salariés en cours de convention collective : légitimité sociale et validité constitutionnelle
Authors: Coutu Michel
Published: October 2018

Le présent article traite de la légitimité sociale et de la validité constitutionnelle de l’obligation de paix industrielle imposée par voie législative partout au Canada. L’obligation de paix (voir ainsi l’article 107 du Code du travail du Québec) a notamment pour effet d’interdire toute grève, quel qu’en soit le motif, en cours de convention collective. Or, le Canada est le seul des grands pays démocratiques industrialisés à économie de marché à imposer une telle obligation. Alors que cette dernière n’existe pas en Angleterre, en France et en Italie, une grève motivée par les pratiques déloyales de travail ou antisyndicales (unfair labor practices) de l’employeur est licite aux États-Unis même en cours de convention collective. Il en va de même en Allemagne, à la condition que la grève ne touche pas des matières faisant l’objet de dispositions spécifiques de la convention collective. L’auteur soutient ici que l’interdiction absolue des grèves en cours de convention collective est incompatible avec le droit international du travail (conventions de l’Organisation internationale du travail) et avec l’objet de la liberté constitutionnelle d’association (article 2 d) de la Charte canadienne des droits et libertés). Par ailleurs, les autres moyens de pression susceptibles d’être exercés par les salariés (tels le piquetage, le boycottage ou la modification du port de l’uniforme) lui semblent d’ores et déjà constitutionnellement protégés, même en présence d’une convention collective, notamment au titre de la liberté d’expression.
RNA sequencing data: hitchhiker's guide to expression analysis
Authors: Van Den Berge Koen , Hembach Katharina , Soneson Charlotte , Tiberi Simone , Clement Lieven , Love Michael I , Patro Rob , Robinson Mark
Published: October 2018

Gene expression is the fundamental level at which the result of various genetic and regulatory programs are observable. The measurement of transcriptome-wide gene expression has convincingly switched from microarrays to sequencing in a matter of years. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) provides a quantitative and open system for profiling transcriptional outcomes on a large scale and therefore facilitates a large diversity of applications, including basic science studies, but also agricultural or clinical situations. In the past 10 years or so, much has been learned about the characteristics of the RNA-seq datasets as well as the performance of the myriad of methods developed. In this review, we give an overall view of the developments in RNA-seq data analysis, including experimental design, with an explicit focus on quantification of gene expression and statistical approaches for differential expression. We also highlight emerging data types, such as single-cell RNA-seq and gene expression profiling using long-read technologies.
PENINGKATAN KUALITAS HIDUP LANJUT USIA (LANSIA) DI KOTA DEPOK DENGAN LATIHAN KESEIMBANGAN
Authors: Kiik Stefanus Mendes , Sahar Junaiti , Permatasari Henny
Published: October 2018

Kualitas hidup lansia dipengaruhi berbagai faktor seperti kesehatan fisik, kesehatan psikologis, hubungan sosial dan lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh latihan keseimbangan terhadap kualitas hidup lansia di Kota Depok. Penelitian quasi experiment ini dilakukan pada dua kelompok; 30 lansia sebagai kelompok kontrol dan 30 lansia sebagai kelompok perlakuan. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah multistage random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa latihan keseimbangan berpengaruh signifikan, meningkatkan kualitas hidup  lansia (p<0,001). Hal ini disebabkan karena latihan keseimbangan dapat meningkatkan kesehatan fisik, kesehatan psikologis, hubungan sosial dan lingkungan. Latihan keseimbangan lansia dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup pada lansia di komunitas. Penelitian selanjutnya dapat melakukan penelitian pada kelompok usia yang berbeda untuk mengetahui keefektifan latihan keseimbangan lansia. Kata Kunci: lansia, latihan keseimbangan, kualitas hidup Abstract  Quality Improvement of Elderly Life in Depok City with Balance Exercise. The quality of life (QOL) of the older adult is affected by various factors such as physical health, psychological health, social relationships and environment. This study aimed to investigate the effect of balance exercise on quality of life among older adults. This quasi-experimental design included two groups; 30 subjects as intervention groups and 30 subjects as control groups.  The sample was taken by multistage random sampling. There were significant improvements in quality of life among older adults (p<0,001). Balance exercise can improve physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and environment. Balance exercise can be utilized as one of the preventive efforts to increase the quality of life among older adults in the community. Further research may consider a variety of age to know the effectiveness of balance exercise. Keywords: balance exercise, older adult, quality of life
Whiplash as a total-body injury
Authors: Cisler Theresa A.
Published: October 2018

In our highly active society, individuals and groups push their physical limits. Consequently, the incidence of whiplash injury is increasing. Patients may not recover rapidly or fully from a whiplash injury, thus leading to chronic neck and spinal symptoms and litigation. Physicians must recognize whiplash injury as a manifestation of total-body trauma and treat accordingly, with particular emphasis on alleviating abnormal tension of the fascia. Precise description of the accident, followed by healing methods tailored to well-defined bodily injury, aids in effective management. Whiplash injury poses a challenge to the osteopathic physician to sharpen skills in defining the injury based on the details of the accident and to incorporate myofascial release treatment into traditional modes of whiplash treatment. Fortunately, many highly respected osteopathic physicians have written extensively on the subject and the tools are at hand to refine treatment for both acute and chronic whiplash.
Managed care: An opportunity for osteopathic physicians
Authors: Ross-Lee Barbara , Weiser Michael A.
Published: October 2018

Managed care plans now enroll 38.6 million persons in the United States, and have increased their enrollment 14-fold in 5 years. The three major health reform proposals before Congress presently make managed care organizations, in one form or another, the linchpin of their reform plans. The authors trace the history of managed care leading to today's spectrum of plans from health maintenance organizations to preferred provider organizations with all their variants. They examine the government and insurance industry records of successes and failures and project the future for managed care with and without government-imposed healthcare reform. They unscramble the "alphabet soup" and detail the problems physicians have encountered in managed care settings. Given the key role of the primary care physician, the authors urge osteopathic physicians to take a proactive role in designing the shift to managed care. By supporting intelligent healthcare reform that brings physicians, hospitals, and insurers together in a practitioner-friendly system, the primary care physician can assume the leadership role in managed care and continue to serve as the patient advocate.
Performance of candidates on the American Osteopathic Board of Internal Medicine subspecialty certifying examinations 1984-1992
Authors: Slick Gary L.
Published: October 2018

In 1973, the Board of Trustees of the American Osteopathic Association approved the Rules and Regulations of the American Osteopathic Board of Internal Medicine for the subspecialty certification program in internal medicine. The written objective examination process was finalized and implemented in 1984. Since 1984, 354 candidates have entered the examination process, with the largest number in the subspecialty field of cardiology. Through 1992, 91% of the candidates entering the examination process have passed the certifying examination and become certified. The number of first-time certifying-examination takers moderately increased in the last 2 years studied. The pass rate for first-time takers has averaged 75%, whereas the pass rate for repeaters has been 72%.