bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison and East-West Encounter
Authors: Longxi Zhang
Published: March 2021

East and West as cultures and traditions become possible to conceptualize only in comparison and in the encounters of trade, travel and other kinds of interactions. If Marco Polo in the thirteenth century represented an early stage of East-West encounter in trade and the expansion of geographical knowledge in Europe, the seventeenth and the eighteenth centuries became the important time of intellectual contact in East-West encounters through the mediation of Jesuit missionaries and because of the internal development of European culture and society during the time of the Enlightenment. Not only the trend of chinoiserie changed European taste and aesthetics in material life, but philosophers like Leibniz and Voltaire found in China what they were seeking for a state and society built on reason rather than religious faith. To revisit East-West encounter of that time may help us attain a better understanding of comparison and difference in cross-cultural interrelations, which remains an issue of particular relevance and importance for our time today.
"Goût de Comparaison"
Authors: Heyder Joris Corin
Published: March 2021

In 1719, Jean-Baptiste Dubos described the connoisseurial judgement as a veritable »goût de comparaison,« literally, a taste of comparison. This early reflection on the importance of practices of comparing is surprising, and can serve as the starting point for investigating its fundamental role in art connoisseurship. What kind of preconditions, merits, implications, and limits can be connected to comparative arrangements in the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries? Is it even possible to ascertain a change of comparative practices within the history of connoisseurship? Connoisseurs-so the argument-expanded specific skills by means of increasingly efficient comparisons that enabled them to systematize and categorize the vast heritage of artistic artifacts.
Metode single image-NDVI untuk deteksi dini gejala mosaik pada Capsicum annuum
Authors: Hasan Asmar , Widodo  , Mutaqin Kikin Hamzah , Taufik Muhammad , Hidayat Sri Hendrastuti
Published: March 2021

Single image-NDVI method for early detection of mosaic symptoms in Capsicum annuum

Mosaics are a symptom of a disease often found in red chilies (Capsicum annuum) and is generally caused by viral infections such as the Tobacco mosaic virus. Severe infection can cause stunting and significant yield loss. Serological and molecular detection is a common detection method for plant viruses although they are time-consuming, relatively inefficient for large samples, and are destructive to plants. On the other hand, direct symptoms observation is hampered by human visual abilities and latent symptoms in virus infection. Therefore, detection method based on the plant’s ability to absorb and reflect various spectrums of sunlight, such as the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), has the potential to be developed. This study aims to evaluate the potential of a single image-NDVI as an NDVI variant for the early detection of mosaic symptoms in red chilies. The main activity involved image recording of chili plants that were not inoculated (V0) and inoculated (V1) by the virus, and given minimal nutrients (M) using an unmodified RGB camera and lens filter to capture blue and Near-Infrared light reflection. Furthermore, image processing is carried out using the Photo Monitoring plugin on the Fiji-ImageJ application. The recording was done one day after inoculation (dai) until the symptoms were visible. The results showed that there was an increasing trend in the integrated NDVI value in all treatments. Howewer, the increasing trend in V1 was not significant compared to V0 and M. The difference in the mean value of integrated NDVI between V1 was very significant compared to V0 (at 5 dai) and M (at 1 dai). This method’s level of sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy ranges from 80–90% at 5 dai.
The impact of community forest formalisation on tenure security and co-management in Thailand
Authors: Jenke M. , Pretzsch J.
Published: March 2021

The formalisation of community forestry through legal registration could enhance the tenure security of local communities, although its effectiveness remains unclear. The issue of whether Thailand's registration programme strengthened the tenure security of community forests and altered
their customary forest institutions was investigated. The tenure security and forest management of registered community forests with varying levels of tenure disputes were compared across five different localities. The formalisation process and its effects on tenure security were discussed
with representatives from communal forest committees and forest officials. Findings indicated that neither management organisation nor forest rules were altered following registration but remained adapted to local forest uses. Moreover, forest communities were confident in the assurance of
their use and management rights. The registration generally enabled communities to prevent further forest encroachment and resolve conflicts if forest officials and police provided support. However, limited financial resources hindered communities to manage and monitor forests effectively.
A comparative institutional analysis of two community forests managed under different governance structures in the dry zone area of Myanmar
Authors: San S.M. , Adam Y.O. , Pretzsch J.
Published: March 2021

The study focuses on the importance of institutional factors for the different governance structures of community forestry in Myanmar. The village forest management (VFM) model and sub-village forest management (SVFM) model were characterised using the Institutional Analysis and Development
framework of Ostrom (2011) and analysed for how the governance structures influenced the action situation (actors and actions related to management) and the outcomes. The VFM model, despite its bigger group size and smaller forest area, performed better than the SVFM model due to its well-established
local institutional arrangements. The inclusion of all villagers in collective actions and equitable benefit sharing in the VFM model reduced conflicts and improved outcomes. In contrast, individual utilisation of community forest patches by only small number of user group members in the SVFM
model, in combination with unclear social and physical boundary rules, reduced its sustainability. Further research relating to the governance models as well as other factors is recommended.
Participatory forestry improves mangrove forest management in Kenya
Authors: Kairu A. , Kotut K. , Mbeche R. , Kairo J.
Published: March 2021

Participatory forestry has been recognized as a tool for improving tropical forest management. The current study assessed the impacts of participatory forest management (PFM) on the structure and regeneration of a mangrove forest at Gazi Bay, Kenya. Data were collected along belt transects
perpendicular to the waterline in both co-managed and state-managed mangrove forests. Basal area and standing density were significantly higher in the co-managed mangrove forests (16 m2/ha and 4 341 tree/ha) as compared to the state forests (eastern block 10.3 m2/ha and
2 673 trees/ha; western block 6.2 m2/ha and 2 436 trees/ha). There were significantly higher (p = 0.0068) densities of merchantable poles in community-managed as compared to state-managed forests. Natural regeneration patterns in community-managed and state-managed forests
were deemed adequate to support the recovery of both forests. The results demonstrate that community participation contributes to improved management of mangrove forests and is in agreement with the principles of sustainable forest management.
Effect of zoledronic acid on bone nanocomposites organization and prevention of bone mineral density loss in ovariectomized rats
Authors: Kostyshyn Nazar M. , Gzhegotskyi Mechyslav R. , Kostyshyn Liybov P. , Mudry Stepan I.
Published: March 2021

Objectives

Osteoporosis often occurs in individuals of different age groups, frequently during menopause and after ovariectomy. It increases the risk of pathological fractures almost twice. The aim of our research was to assess bone metabolism, nanocomposite structure of the tibia under conditions of ovariectomy and zoledronic acid treatment.

Methods

X-ray diffraction has been performed for nanostructure analysis of mineral crystallites and crystal lattice of hydroxyapatite in the tibia samples of ovariectomized rats with additional application of bisphosphonate zoledronic acid (0.025 mg/kg). Markers of remodeling – osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, tartrate resistant acid phosphatase 5b – were determined. Quantitative amount of calcium in the bones was detected by atomic absorption method.

Results

Zoledronic acid prevented loss of mineral mass after ovariectomy. Rats after ovariectomy, treated with zoledronic acid, showed statistically higher (р<0.05) values of crystalline phase and calcium content compared with the SHAM-surgery and ovariectomy groups (р<0.05). Zoledronic acid inhibited bone remodeling, which is proved by tartrate resistant acid phosphatase 5b reduction and inhibition of osteoclasts during the experiment.

Conclusions

These results enable to suggest that zoledronic acid can improve mineral mass of the bone during menopause in individuals of different age groups.
Das Beziehungsgeflecht zwischen Sprache und Kultur: Forschungsrückblick, Zugänge und Beschreibungstendenzen
Authors: Földes Csaba
Published: March 2021

The main focus of this paper is on language and communication as the central meaning generating mechanisms of culture. The paper aims to systematically and heuristically investigate the complex alliance of language, culture and communicational interaction and at the same time to introduce several new fields of research by critically discussing their topics and potentials. In this regard, the dilemma of the questionif,how muchandwhichtheory is necessary nowadays at all shall be examined first; therefore, theAfter-theory-program will also be addressed. Followed selectively by an illustrating look into the research history about language and about culture resp. about culture and language (without losing sight of the psychological process of “thinking”) with examples from selected linguistic and closely related disciplines. It is before this background, that aspects of culture-sensitive linguistic approaches will be analytically focused on and new paradigms – the Anglo-American “culture linguistics”, the Russian-post-soviet “linguoculturology” and the German Studies originated specifically multilingualism-oriented “intercultural linguistics” — will be closely scrutinised, primarily from the perspective of German Linguistics.
Assessment of AXL and mTOR genes expression in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) cell line in relation with over expression of miR-144 and miR-34a
Authors: Pishkari Shaghayegh , Hadavi Razie , Koochaki Ameneh , Razaviyan Javad , Paryan Mahdi , Hashemi Mehrdad , Mohammadi-Yeganeh Samira
Published: March 2021

Objectives

The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of AXL and mTOR genes and their targeting microRNAs (miRNAs) including miR-34a and miR-144 in Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma (MTC) cell line, TT, and determine the effect of these two miRNAs on their target genes to introduce new molecular markers or therapeutics.

Methods

The expression of miR-34a, miR-144, and their targets genes including AXL and mTOR was evaluated by quantitative Real-time PCR. Luciferase assay was performed to confirm the interaction between miRNAs and their target mRNAs. The expression level of AXL and mTOR was evaluated before and after miRNAs induction in TT cell line compared with Cos7 as control cells.

Results

The expression of AXL and mTOR were up-regulated significantly, while miR-34a and miR-144 were down-regulated in TT cell line compared to Cos7. After transduction, the overexpression of miR-34a and 144 caused down-regulation of both genes. Luciferase assay results showed that the mTOR is targeted by miR-34a and miR-144 and the intensity of luciferase decreased in the presence of miRNAs.

Conclusions

Based on the results of the present study and since AXL and mTOR genes play a critical role in variety of human cancers, suppression of these genes by their targeting miRNAs, especially miR-34a and miR-144, can be propose as a new strategy for MTC management. However, more studies are needed to approve the hypothesis.
A data and knowledge driven approach for SPECT using convolutional neural networks and iterative algorithms
Authors: Ao Wenqi , Li Wenbin , Qian Jianliang
Published: March 2021

We propose a data and knowledge driven approach for SPECT by combining a classical iterative algorithm of SPECT with a convolutional neural network.
The classical iterative algorithm, such as ART and ML-EM, is employed to provide the model knowledge of SPECT.
A modified U-net is then connected to exploit further features of reconstructed images and data sinograms of SPECT.
We provide mathematical formulations for the architecture of the proposed networks.
The networks are trained by supervised learning using the technique of mini-batch optimization.
We apply the trained networks to the problems of simulated lung perfusion imaging and simulated myocardial perfusion imaging, and numerical results demonstrate their effectiveness of reconstructing source images from noisy data measurements.
Probing of the genetic components of seedling emergence traits as selection indices, and correlation with grain yield characteristics of some tropical maize varieties
Authors: Ige Sunday Ayodele , Bello Omolaran , Charity Aremu , Stephen Abolusoro
Published: March 2021

Ten maize varieties of tropical origin were tested at two different agro-ecological zones during the cropping season of 2007 and 2008 to investigate the genetic components of seedling emergence characteristic and correlate with grain yield and related traits in Nigeria. Heritability values were high for all traits study, indicating reliability and stability of most of the traits across different environments. Variety DMRLSR-Y had highest 300 kernel weight (105.2 g), but least grain yield and second to the least emergence percentage, indicating bigger kernel and highest kernel weight/cob but low plant stands resulted in low grain yield. Genotypic and agronomic correlation analysis revealed positive associations (p < 0.01) between grain yield and emergence percentage (E%), and 300 kernel weight; however, interval between pollen shed and silking was negatively correlated with physiological maturity period and 300 kernel weight. Improvement of this variety for higher emergence percentage is therefore predicted for higher grain yield. High values of genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation recorded by emergence percentage (41 and 45%) and grain yield (25 and 32%), respectively, revealed the less effects of environmental factors on the aforementioned characters, and it showed the stability and reliability of the two traits. High values of both broad sense heritability and genetic advance recorded by emergence percentage (E%) and 300 kernel weight confirmed that standard selection procedure could be used to identify superior genotypes for the two traits.
Preparation and heat insulation of Gemini-halloysite aerogel/concrete composites
Authors: Li Hongyan , Zang Pengfei , Liu Hongli , Cao Kai , Liao Xiaolan , Wei Dongqing , Zhang Bo , Li Huan , Wang Jiangang
Published: March 2021

In our previous research, the utilization of Gemini surfactants to control the dispersion and interaction of HNTs aerogels (HCAs) in the concrete matrix had obtained positive research results. In order to further deepen the research in this field, in this work, a Gemini surfactant with a new structure was synthesized, the surface modification characteristics of HCAs in a series of concrete systems were also investigated. Microstructures and properties of the composites were characterized by using scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and so on. The results showed that the newly synthesized Gemini surfactants had an ideal modification effect on the surface of HCAs. Compared with other traditional surfactants, Gemini had better hydrophobic and mechanical properties. Different molecular layers with hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity were constructed on the HCAs surface. The introduction of the modified HCAs could significantly improve the heat insulation performance and mechanical strength of concrete. The improvement of the above comprehensive properties could not have significant difference due to the different types of concrete matrix.
Study of oxaliplatin penetration into ovaries of patients treated with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for peritoneal metastases of colorectal and appendiceal origin using mass spectrometry imaging
Authors: Larroque Marion , Mounicou Sandra , Sgarbura Olivia , Arnaudguilhem Carine , Rebel Lucie , Leaha Cristina , Faye Pierre-Arnaud , Enjalbal Christine , Quénet François , Bouyssiere Brice , Carrere Sébastien
Published: March 2021

Objectives

Platinum salts are commonly used in hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for digestive tract cancer treatment. During HIPEC with oxaliplatin for peritoneal metastases (PMs) treatment, the ovaries are directly exposed to the drug, questioning about ovarian resection and the potential impact of the drug on ovarian functionality, especially in young women of childbearing age. The goal of this work is to understand unwanted damages to the ovaries during HIPEC therapy by the determination of the concentration and distribution of platinum in ovaries in order to address its potential toxicity.

Methods

Mass spectrometry imaging techniques, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP MS), were used to study the penetration of oxaliplatin in ovaries after HIPEC treatment.

Results

MALDI-MS allowed the localization of an oxaliplatin-derivative (m/z 456.2) at the periphery of the ovaries. The quantitative LA-ICP MS maps confirmed the localization of elemental platinum as well as in the central part of ovaries from patients who received a previous platinum salt-based chemotherapy.

Conclusions

LA-ICP MS images showed that platinum diffusion was extended in cases of previous systemic treatment, questioning about platinum derivatives gonado-toxicity when combining the two treatments.
Gellan Gum Hydrogel as an Aqueous Treatment Method for Xuan Paper
Authors: Li Haomiao , Severini Leonardo , Titubante Mattia , Gong Decai , Micheli Laura , Mazzuca Claudia , Gong Yuxuan
Published: March 2021

Aqueous cleaning of works of art on paper is one of the most important and delicate steps in a conservation process. It allows the removal of inorganic (metals) and organic substances, such as degradation products and other contaminants. These substances are responsible for yellowing, weakening, and loss of mechanical properties of paper. In this article, the cleaning effect of gellan gum was assessed on xuan paper, a traditional Chinese paper different in composition and papermaking technology compared to many Western papers. To assess the effect of gellan gum on xuan paper, its characteristics were studied before and after cleaning utilizing non-invasive and micro-invasive techniques. Results were compared to those obtained when treating Western papers and indicated that gellan gum can be applied effectively for aqueous cleaning of xuan paper.
The manner of use, the uses and sub-uses of terms in social sciences: from the functional approach to natural language to applied semiotics and the philosophy of science
Authors: Węsierski Michał Roman
Published: March 2021

The functional approach to natural language (FANL) emerged in the late 1960s. It focused on the use and the sub-use of language expressions, taking into account role of the language context and the extra-linguistic situation of a given statements. This approach referred, both conceptually and methodologically, to the tradition of British analytical philosophy of language on the one hand, and to the achievements of the Lvov-Warsaw School on the other. It seems that despite the passage of more than half a century since its inception, this approach has lost nothing of its relevance and its cognitive value, and may even provide inspiration for the exploration new research areas concerning the formulation of language utterances. The aim of this article is to show the potential applications of the FANL as a specific semiotic concept in the field of the philosophy of social sciences. The paper points out how the functional conception can be successfully used in methodological analyses of the logical methodology of social sciences. The case studies presented in the article refer to the research practice of social sciences. Examples of the use and sub-uses of terms are discussed in the light of the polyparadigmatic structure of social sciences and the differences in research patterns accepted by given scientific collectives.
Direct-imaging DOEs for high-NA multi-spot confocal surface measurement
Authors: Li Zheng , Taphanel Miro , Längle Thomas , Beyerer Jürgen
Published: March 2021

Diffractive lens arrays with overlapping apertures can produce spot arrays with high numerical apertures (NAs). Combined with low-NA objectives, they can measure a large area with high lateral resolution. However, for surface measurements, the axial resolution of such setups is still fundamentally limited by the objectives. In this work, we propose a new design of diffractive optical elements (DOEs) to overcome this problem. The proposed Direct-imaging DOEs can perform 3D high-NA multi-spot surface measurements. Laterally, a non-vanishing contrast up to 1448 lp/mm is measured with a USAF resolution target. Axially, an average height of 917.5 nm with a standard deviation of 49.9 nm is measured with a calibrated step height target of 925.5 nm.
Impact of salts on the phase separation and thermodynamic properties of mixed nonionic surfactants in absence/attendance of polyvinyl alcohol
Authors: Ali Md. Ackas , Amin Md. Ruhul , Mahbub Shamim , Hossen Md. Delwar , Hoque Md. Anamul , Kumar Dileep
Published: March 2021

Mixed surfactant systems are used in different applied fields like pharmaceutical formulation rather than single surfactant. Therefore, the determination of the clouding nature of the triton X-100 (TX-100) + Tween 80 (TW-80) mixture was carried out in H2O and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). In the occurrence of PVA, the cloud point (CP) values of TX-100 initially enhance with enhancing the concentration of PVA and tend to decrease after a certain concentration. For different ratios of TX-100 and TW-80 mixture having the same concentration of both solutions, CP values increase through the decreasing ratios of TX-100 with/without PVA. In the presence of polymer, at higher ratios of TX-100 than TW-80, the CP values are higher in magnitudes in comparison to the aqueous medium but at lower ratios of TX-100, the value of CP are lower in magnitudes in comparison to the aqueous system. The CP values of the TX-100 + TW-80 mixture in the salt system are lower in magnitudes than the aqueous medium in both the absence/presence of PVA. However, a reduction of CP values was obtained to a large extent for Na2SO4 over NaCl in the case of lower volume ratios of TX-100. Various thermodynamic variables (standard free energy (

Δ

G
c
o

${\Delta}{G}_{c}^{o}$

), standard enthalpy (

Δ

H
c
o

${\Delta}{H}_{c}^{o}$

), standard entropy (

Δ

S
c
o

${\Delta}{S}_{c}^{o}$

) change, thermodynamic parameters of transfer (free energy of transfer (

Δ

G

c
,
t

o

${\Delta}{G}_{c,t}^{o}$

), and transfer of enthalpies (

Δ

H

c
,
t

o

${\Delta}{H}_{c,t}^{o}$

)) of phase transition) were also determined.
Holistische Planung einer Fertigung im Neubau
Authors: Häfner Victor , Benedix Anne-Christine , Grethler Michael , Kögel Manuela
Published: March 2021

Starke Fragmentierung von Kompetenzen führt besonders bei Großbauprojekten zu Problemen. Ziel unseres Ansatzes ist es, Planungsprozesse und -daten zu analysieren und in einen gemeinsamen Kontext zu integrieren. So ist eine kontinuierliche virtuelle Validierung der integralen Projektplanung möglich. Ausgehend von Planungsdaten der Architekten und Gewerke wurde das 3D-Layout der geplanten Produktionsstätte in die Gebäudeplanung integriert, während sich das eigentliche Gebäude noch im Bau befindet.**)
Markus Pausch (2017): Demokratie als Revolte. Zwischen Alltagsdiktatur und Globalisierung
Authors: Marx Stefan Alexander
Published: March 2021

n/a
The New Coronavirus: The Anomia Phenomenon
Authors: Kada Benmaghnia
Published: March 2021

The concept of anomia is used as a theoretical reference to analyze the emerging social reality produced by the infiltration of the Covid-19 pandemic into the daily experience of the various discourses and practices as well as the perceptions with which we interact on social media as evidence of the processes produced by the repercussions of the outbreak of the pandemic at the social level. What matters in this paper is to understand the nature of the change that the pandemic has produced at the level of the individual’s relationship with society, and how its sudden emergence has affected social institutions. This paper also asks whether the Coronavirus pandemic is in reality a type of social anomia.
Is the Deep Freeze Between China and India Turning Hot?
Authors: Ganguly Sumit
Published: March 2021

After a deadly June 2020 clash between Chinese and Indian troops on the contested border in the Himalayas, both sides eventually agreed to pull back their forces from the immediate vicinity of the border. But neither country made any notable concessions, and tensions remained high as a series of skirmishes continued. With authoritarian nationalists in charge in Beijing and New Delhi, backed by public opinion, compromise has proved hard to reach.
Bone mineral density during 3 years of growth hormone in previously GH-treated young adults with PWS
Authors: Damen Layla , Grootjen Lionne N , Donze Stephany H , de Graaff Laura C G , van der Velden Janielle A E M , Hokken-Koelega Anita C S
Published: March 2021

Objective

In children with Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS), growth hormone (GH) treatment has positive effects on bone mineral density (BMD). Two 1-year studies did not show a difference between GH or placebo on BMD in young adults with PWS. However, there are no studies investigating BMD during longer-term GH treatment in young adults with PWS.

Design

Open-label, a prospective study in 43 young adults with PWS.

Methods

BMD of the total body (BMDTBSDS) and lumbar spine (BMADLSSDS) measured by DXA.

Results

In the total group, estimated mean (95% CI) of BMDTB remained similar during 3 years of GH, being −0.76 (−1.11 to −0.41) SDS at start and −0.90 (−1.27 to −0.54) SDS after 3 years (P = 0.11), as did BMADLS, being −0.36 (−0.72 to 0.01) SDS and −0.46 (−0.77 to −0.16) SDS, respectively (P = 0.16). In men, there was a significant decrease in BMDTBSDS during 3 years of GH, while BMADLSSDS remained similar. In women, both BMDTBSDS and BMADLSSDS remained similar. BMDTBSDS was associated with female sex, lean body mass and age. The majority of patients received sex steroid replacement therapy (SSRT).

Conclusions

During 3 years of combined GH and SSRT treatment, BMD remained stable in the normal range in young adults with PWS. However, men showed a decline in BMDTBSDS, probably due to insufficient SSRT. We recommended to continue GH treatment in young adults with PWS and to start SSRT during adolescence unless puberty progresses normally.
Alcohol Intoxication and Its Influence on the Course of Male Rats Spermatogenesis
Authors: Dolynko Nelia , Mykytyn Tetiana , Bielova Natalia
Published: March 2021

Morphometric and functional analysis of germ cells in histological micropreparations and ejaculate of male rats at the control group on the 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th days of alcoholization at experimental animals was performed. Prolonged use of ethanol has been shown to reduce resistance to spermatogenic epithelial cells, which are at different stages of development, manifested by inhibition of spermatogenesis with a decrease in sperm count and spermatids, and in ejaculate - a decrease in sperm concentration with increasing number of spermatozoa.
The Structural Analysis of Medicinal Plants and Their Use to Treat the Gastrointestinal Tract Diseases
Authors: Makhovska Liubov , Gniezdilova Victoria , Nespliak Oksana , Buniak Vira
Published: March 2021

Medicinal plants have long been used in the treatment of various diseases and diseases of the digestive system, in particular. They contain almost all biologically active substances, which gives them an advantage over synthetic drugs, and the possibility of long-term use. On the basis of processing of literature sources the systematical and biomorphological analyzes of herbs were carried out. We analyzed the medicinal plants which are used to treat diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, including four groups: stomach (atony, achillia, ulcer, gastritis), intestine (enteritis, colitis), liver and gallbladder (hepatitis A, cholangitis, cholecystitis, nausea) and dyspeptic disorders (vomiting, constipation, diarrhea, bloating). Each of these groups of illnesses is characterized by a specific list of medicinal plants with an indication of their life form. 110 species of medicinal plants were identified, which belong to 102 genera, 46 families, 33 orders, 4 classes and 3 divisions. Among studied herbs, the most numerous are herbaceous polycarpics - 60 species (54.55%), while annuals have 21 species (19.01%), trees - 9 species (8.18%), shrubs - 8 species (7.27%), biennials - 7 species (6.36%), semi-shrubs - 4 species (3.64%) and lianas - 1 species (0.91%). The taxonomic and biomorphological structure of the studied plants is presented in general and analyzed in detail in each of the selected groups of diseases. Examples of plants that used in the treatment of various diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are given. It was established that for intestinal disease 28 species are used, liver and gallbladder - 47 species, stomach - 60 species and dyspeptic disorders - 75 species of herbs.

The article shows the results of taxonomic and biomorphologic analysis of medicinal plants that are used to treat the gastrointestinal tract diseases are based on literary data.
Metabolic Syndrome, Obesity, and Drosophila
Authors: Bayliak Maria
Published: March 2021

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic disturbances increasing a risk of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes 2 types. The main features of MetS include atherogenic dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, insulin resistance and elevated glucose levels, a pro-thrombotic state, pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory states. Excessive consumption of high caloric food and sedentary lifestyle followed by overweight and obesity, as well as aging and stresses are major contributing factors to the MetS development. MeS affects between 10 and 84% of adults depending on the used MetS criteria and increases significantly a risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes 2 type and kidney diseases. Patients with metabolic disorders like obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular, and liver disease may have a higher risk of infection of COVID-19 with significantly worse prognosis and outcomes in these patients. In recent years, the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, has been actively used to study human metabolic disorders as a cost-effective and expedient model. Drosophila belongs to insects with full metamorphosis and its life cycle includes four developmental stages: embryo, larva, pupa, and adult flies. Each developmental stage has its own specific advantages and can be used to study metabolic homeostasis. Studies of metabolic disturbances in Drosophila and mammalian models along with humans have demonstrated that flies and small mammalian models have many similarities with humans in basic metabolic functions and share many molecular mechanisms which regulate these metabolic processes. In this paper, we describe the advantages and limitations of Drosophila models of metabolic syndrome and obesity in light of physiological and biochemical similarities and differences between insects and mammals.
An Annotated List of the Lichens and Lichenicolous Fungi of the Teteriv River Basin (Ukraine)
Authors: Kapets Nadiia
Published: March 2021

First data on lichens of the Teteriv River Basin appeared in the second part of 19th century. First records of lichenicolous fungi in this area were published at the end of the 20th century. An annotated list of lichens and lichenophilous fungi is based on literature data and materials of own researche of lichenobiota of the upper and middle course of the Teteriv river basin. Llist of lichens and lichenicolous fungi of the area includes 300 species. The distribution of 117 species (80 lichens, 37 lichenicolous fungi) are for the first time recorded for area studied. Five species (Cercidospora macrospora, Lichenostigma epipolina, Lichenothelia tenuissima, Polysporina subfuscescens і Taeniolella beschiana) are new to Ukraine, 7 species (Anisomeridium polypori, Coenogonium pineti, Lichenoconium usneae, Monodictys epilepraria, Rinodina efflorescens, Sphaerellothecium propinquellum, Taeniolella punctata) are new for the Ukrainian Plains, while 11 species (Cornutispora lichenicola, Erythricium aurantiacum, Heterocephalacria physciacearum, Intralichen christiansenii, Laetisaria lichenicola, Lichenothelia convexa, Marchandiomyces corallinus, Psoroglaena dictyospora, Pyrenochaeta xanthoriae, Sarcogyne lapponica, Scoliciosporum gallurae, Stigmidium xanthoparmeliarum) are new for the Polissia subprovince of mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests, and one species is new for the territory of the Ukrainian forest-steppe subprovince. In addition, new information on the distribution of a number of rare to Ukraine lichen and lichenicolous fungal species (Absconditella lignicola, Cornutispora lichenicola, Clypeococcum hypocenomycis, Lichenochora obscuroides, Lichenodiplis lecanorae, Marchandiomyces corallinus, Psoroglaena dictyospora, Sclerococcum sphaerale, Strangospora deplanata, Thelocarpon epibolum ect.) is obtained.
Caracterización de las metodologías de investigación en finanzas bursátiles en Colombia del 2015 al 2020
Authors: Navarro Pérez Paula Andrea
Published: March 2021

El objetivo de este artículo consiste en caracterizar las metodologías de investigación utilizadas por los artículos en finanzas bursátiles entre los años 2015 y 2020 en Colombia, mostrando de dichas metodologías cuáles han sido los enfoques, el alcance, el diseño y los métodos de recolección de información empleados por los autores, todo esto, a través de una revisión de literatura que aplica un enfoque de investigación cualitativo con alcance descriptivo. De manera general, se encuentra que el enfoque de investigación cuantitativo predomina en las investigaciones financieras bursátiles colombianas durante el periodo de estudio; a su vez, este enfoque en la mayoría de las veces se combina con un alcance correlacional o explicativo, con un diseño metodológico longitudinal de corte no experimental o de corte transversal y con métodos de recolección de información basados en indicadores o pruebas estandarizadas.
The concept of rationality in the sociology of Max Weber and its impact on modern social sciences
Authors: Yermolenko Anatolii
Published: March 2021

The paper analyzes Max Weber’s concepts of rationality and rationalization as components of modernization processes in modern society. The author reconstructs Weber’s interpretation of “spiritual factors” of social development, which emerge in the ethos of Protestantism. The research demonstrates how Weber’s study of capitalism in terms of rationality corresponds with concepts of other classics of German sociology, such as Ferdinand Tönnies, Werner Sombart, Georg Simmel and others. The article emphasizes the relevance of Weber’s sociology for XX— XXI centuries and how its basic concepts and methodological approaches have been further developed by scholars, including Ukrainian ones. Weber’s concept of rationality is applicable not only to the mental-epistemological sphere, it also acquires a social meaning. This approach has gained recognition in phenomenological sociology, theory of social systems, communicative theory and more. In addition to the formal rationality of the economy, modern social sciences use such concepts as social, aesthetic, ethical, environmental, and practical rationality. Weber’s “diagnosis of the age” is still a component of the “diagnosis” of modern society. The gap between values and interests remains an integral feature of the “risks and threats society” in the XXI century. This situation is especially evident in international relations, when “real politics” (Realpolitik), based on interests, becomes insensitive to “value postulates”. The author also discovers ways of value (moral and ethical) reclamation of modern society, particularly in the concepts of “ethical economy”, universalist ethics of discourse, global ethos and more. Keywords: purposive rationality, rationality (formal, material, communicative, systemic), value, ethos.
Capitalism as religion: From Max Weber to Giorgio Agamben through Walter Benjamin
Authors: Denysenko Anatolii
Published: March 2021

The article, based on the work “Protestant Ethics and the Spirit of Capitalism” explores the concept of «capitalism» by Max Weber, as well as a critique of capitalism itself based on the texts of Walter Benjamin and Giorgio Agamben. All three authors have different views on the nature of capitalism. If Weber is positive about capitalism, Benjamin and Weber see it as a danger. Weber approaches the issue from the point of view of Protestant practice, Benjamin and Agamben see capitalism as a parasite that uses Christian theology for its own useful purposes. Weber writes about the “spirit” of capitalism, Benjamin and Agamben write about capitalism as a form of religion. Weber wrote that «unbridled lust» is by no means identical with capitalism, much less its «spirit». Weber characterizes capitalism through such virtues as honesty, punctuality, diligence, moderation. Benjamin suggested that «Christianity during the Reformation did not contribute to the advent of capitalism, but was transformed into capitalism». He writes that capitalism is perhaps the most extreme of all religious cults, because it is based on a purely psychological connection to the object being fetishized. This cult, devoid of ideology or theology, exists solely through the continuous performance of its rituals — the purchase of goods and their consumption. Agamben asks very important question: “if capitalism is a religion, how do we interpret it in terms of faith? What does capitalism believe in?” He writes that capitalism is a religion based on faith. Capitalism is not simply the secularization of the Protestant faith. Agamben writes that capitalism is a religion where faith and credit replace God. Ever since money became a pure form of trust, capitalism has become a religion in which money is the God.
The algorithm for definition of connective elements between phrases in the sequence of text statements
Authors:   Institute of artificial intelligence problems of MES and NAS of Ukraine, M.S. Klymenko
Published: March 2021

In the article the basic procedures for finding of connective elements and resolving conflicts of references is analyzed. On the basis of this, a generalized algorithm is proposed that combines advantages of existing procedures for search for connective elements between phrases. The advantages of the selected procedures and their sequence are described, the formal description of input data and the results of the algorithm are presented. To optimize the procedure for scanning the text, the algorithm is performed as an iterative reduction of the candidates for communication elements. This is achieved through the confirmation of non-conflict links and the gradual resolution of conflicts.
Cloud technology is the foundation for designing efficient application
Authors:   Belarusian State University, M.K. Bouza
Published: March 2021

The article explores the main cloud technology models. The reasoned choice of the SaaS model for creating a Web application for educational process information support has been made. A software tool environment has been formed, including Heroku, ClearDB, MySQL SSL, Apache Maven to support the design and operation of the application. Roles and functionality for each user of the application are developed. The possibilities of access to it, changes and replenishment are determined.
Academic journal online publishing platforms, open journal system 3 overview and example
Authors:   V.N.Bakul's institute for Superhard materials, V.N. Kulakyvskiy , I.V. Skvortsov ,   V.N.Bakul's institute for Superhard materials, M.V. Dubenko ,   V.N.Bakul's institute for Superhard materials
Published: March 2021

The scientific article is devoted to the actual problem of scientific interaction of scientists all over the world by developing the representation of a scientific journal on the Internet. This article describes the status of managing a scientific journal in the digital world. Modern software platforms intended for automation of preparation and publication of electronic scientific journals are presented. The analysis and comparison of several software platforms. The advantages of using open source journal systems are given. The choice of OJS3 platform is substantiated and a short generalized algorithm for its use is outlined.
Autoencoder for ecg signal outlier processing in system of biometric authentication
Authors:   National University ", V.V. Khoma ,   Lviv Polytechnic", Y.V. Khoma ,   National University "Lviv Polytechnic", P.P. Khoma ,   National University "Lviv Polytechnic", D.V. Sabodashko ,   National University "Lviv Polytechnic"
Published: March 2021

A novel method for ECG signal outlier processing based on autoencoder neural networks is presented in the article. Typically, heartbeats with serious waveform distortions are treated as outliers and are skipped from the authentication pipeline. The main idea of the paper is to correct these waveform distortions rather them in order to provide the system with better statistical base. During the experiments, the optimum autoencoder architecture was selected. An open Physionet ECGID database was used to verify the proposed method. The results of the studies were compared with previous studies that considered the correction of anomalies based on a statistical approach. On the one hand, the autoencoder shows slightly lower accuracy than the statistical method, but it greatly simplifies the construction of biometric identification systems, since it does not require precise tuning of hyperparameters.
Cutting Ties With an Old Friend: Omphalitis and Bacteremia With Umbilical Cord Nonseverance
Authors: Lanni Lydia , Panning Katherine , Monroe Kimberly K. , Skoczylas Maria , Spindler Derek
Published: March 2021

Umbilical cord nonseverance (UCNS) is the practice of leaving the umbilical cord attached to the placenta after delivery. Limited case reports exist revealing adverse outcomes of UCNS. We report a case of neonatal omphalitis associated with Escherichia coli bacteremia and urinary tract infection after UCNS.
Trayectoria de los estudios sobre el capital social en América Latina
Authors: Valencia Agudelo German Dario , Cuartas Celis Deiman
Published: March 2021

Desde la década de 1990 se presentó en América Latina, entre académicos y hacedores de políticas, un creciente interés por estudiar el capital social. Este concepto compuesto, convertido hoy en teoría, defiende la solidaridad, la confianza y la cooperación, entre otros valores, como determinantes del desarrollo económico y social de las naciones. El artículo muestra la trayectoria que ha tenido esta teoría en Latinoamérica, tanto en la investigación académica como en la política pública. Describe el contexto en que surgió el interés por el capital social en América Latina; presenta las dinámicas de trabajo sobre este capital en la región; e identifica las agendas de trabajo que se vienen configurando en las últimas décadas en las ciencias sociales sobre este importante activo económico.
Alfred Marshall, autor del siglo XX: desempleo involuntario, monopolio, amortización acelerada, competencia por nuevos productos e intervención estatal orientada a alcanzar el producto máximo
Authors: Chumbita Joan Severo
Published: March 2021

El presente artículo analiza la cuestión del producto máximo en la obra de Alfred Marshall, rastreando en ella afirmaciones comúnmente atribuidas a autores del siglo XX, como John Maynard Keynes —sobre el empleo, la demanda agregada y la distribución— y Joseph Schumpeter —sobre las virtudes del monopolio, la innovación tecnológica y la distribución—. El estudio se realiza a partir de dos ejes fundamentales para una perspectiva dinámica sobre el crecimiento: 1) el uso de los factores productivos —la existencia o no de capacidad ociosa de capital anclado y de mano de obra— y 2) el nivel de la acumulación, su calidad y las implicancias distributivas de la destrucción de capital físico. De este modo, se estudian comprensivamente los efectos inter-temporales acumulativos del pleno uso de los factores, de la inversión, la innovación tecnológica y el aumento de la productividad del trabajo. Se mostrará que Marshall identifica la existencia del desempleo involuntario, y la necesidad de una intervención estatal orientada a remediarlo. Al mismo tiempo, se presentará la formulación marshalliana de la destrucción de capital físico por innovación tecnológica, así como de la posibilidad de que el producto en condiciones de competencia perfecta sea menor al de condiciones monopólicas.
Simulation strategy to reduce quality uncertainty in the sugar cane honey process design
Authors: Cerda-Mejia Victor , Pérez-Martínez Amaury , Guardado-Yordi Estela , Cerda-Mejia Galo , Diéguez-Santana Karel , Benítez-Cortés Isnel , González-Suárez Erenio
Published: March 2021

This work proposes to increase the acceptability of the sensory quality attributes of sugarcane honey by simulating and decreasing the uncertainty of operational parameters. To this effect, it relies on the development of a case study through a strategy that contemplates the analysis of the initial data and performs calculations through the use of mathematical models, the determination of the Sigma quality level, and the use of the GUM methodology (Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement). It was demonstrated that a range with a great variability in the initial operational parameters generated a Sigma level of less than three and a decrease in revenues of 30-52% due to low product sales for the studied productions. By decreasing pH uncertainty from 3,79 to 4,21, and Brix degrees from 75,13 to 76,88, an increase in the Sigma level of quality was observed, which exceeded six, in compliance with product quality specifications, as well as a reduction in economic losses due to defective products. The importance of quality in the product design and the process is evinced, given its influence on the acceptability of the product and the feasibility of the process.