bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Perbandingan Metode Naïve Bayes dan K-NN dalam Penentuan Lokasi Layanan Administrasi BPJS Kesehatan di Provinsi Maluku.
Authors: Irfan Andi Muhammad , Kusrini Kusrini
Published: August 2024

Untuk mencapai Universal Health Coverage (UHC) dimana 98% Penduduk telah memiliki Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN), menjadi tantangan tersendiri bagi daerah yang geografis dan jarak antar desa yang sangat jauh tentunya terkendala pemerataan pelayanan administrasi BPJS Kesehatan, BPJS Kesehatan telah membuat inovasi Program BPJS Keliling dan BPJS Online, Permasalahannya tidak semua desa dapat dilayani dengan BPJS Keliling dan BPJS Online, sehingga perlu dilakukan pemetaan terhadap desa-desa yang memenuhi syarat untuk dapat dilaksanakan BPJS Keliling dan BPJS Online, Penelitian ini menjelaskan teknik machine learning, khususnya algoritma K-NN dan Naïve Bayes, untuk mensupport pengambilan keputusan dengan pemilihan desa-desa mana yang cocok, layak dan potensial sehingga menghasilkan pelayanan publik yang efektif dan efisien.  Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa kedua metode tersebut memiliki tingkat akurasi yang cukup baik, Naïve Bayes mampu mengklasifikasikan desa-desa dengan tingkat akurasi mencapai 94,33%. Performa K-NN tertinggi adalah data yang telah di normalisasi menggunakan Min-Max Scaler dengan akurasi sebesar 95,55%, nilai persisi sebesar 94,27%, nilai recall 95,90% Dan nilai f1 score 94,91%. Oleh karena itu, peneliti merekomendasikan penggunaan algoritma K-NN dengan persyaratan untuk melakukan normalisasi data menggunakan Min-Max Scaler terlebih dahulu, dan nilai k yang optimal adalah 8 untuk menentukan lokasi yang layak mendapatkan layanan Administrasi BPJS Kesehatan.
Navigating the Transition: Biodiesel Development and Challenges in Malaysia's Energy Landscape
Authors: Chung Jia Hui , Jusoh Muhammad Noor Hazwan
Published: August 2024

Overdependence on fossil fuels impacts the environment, economy, and society. The crude oil price increases when the supply of fossil fuels is insufficient, leading to economic recessions. The development of biodiesel has replaced fossil fuels in the transportation sector and is pending use in the industrial sector. It has brought various advantages to the economy, society, and environment. However, the development of biodiesel is still facing some challenges, such as labor shortages, the price of feedstock, environmental debates, and the adoption of biodiesel for the transportation sector. The introduction of the National Biofuel Policy and the Biofuel Industry Act 2007 has encouraged the use and development of biodiesel. Biodiesel technologies such as Envo Diesel, B5 biodiesel, B7 biodiesel, and B10 biodiesel were developed based on research done by the Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB).
Phytoremediation of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Using Water Lettuce and Duckweed
Authors: Dolhan Mimi Malisa , Arbaan Nur Shuhada , Bain Noor Farahin
Published: August 2024

Phytoremediation is a widely recent studied and applied technology, using various plants to remediate contaminants from wastewater by extraction, containment or destruction method which also known as eco-friendly and cost-effective techniques compared to conventional processes. The huge increased of palm oil production industry has become major environmental concern but not much have been said about the negative effects. Three major waste streams in processing palm oil were gaseous (pollutant gases), liquid (POME) and solid (palm press fibre, chaff, palm kernel shell and empty fruit bunch). The aim of this study was to determine the potential of water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) and duckweed (Lemna minor) in removing contaminants in POME. Seven water quality parameters based on Sewage and Industrial Effluent Discharge Standards were selected in this study like pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N), iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn). POME sample were placed in 3 basins for 28 days; (basin 1 – control, basin 2 – duckweed, Basin 3 – water lettuce), and each basin were tested with different retention time. The results showed that both studied plants have positive result as phytoremediation agents effectively in removing contaminants of POME. To achieve optimal contaminant reduction, incorporate a combination of phytoremediation and other complementary treatment would be beneficial before POME release into waterways.
Pengaruh Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Word Of Mouth Yang Dimediasi Oleh Kepercayaan Pelanggan
Authors: Rahmah Siti , Sari Nilam Anggar , Suprapto Heru , Akbar Ali
Published: August 2024

Cars are a means of transportation that is widely used in everyday life, but not everyone can afford a car, which is quite expensive. Therefore, companies have emerged that offer car rental services to take advantage of this opportunity. The object of this research is the Raditya Transport car rental service in Tenggarong which has become the main choice for renting four-wheeled vehicles. The aim of this research is to find out how service quality management builds Word of Mouth (WOM) among customers which is mediated by customer trust. This research data was collected through a questionnaire with a total sample of 74 respondents studied. The analytical method used in this research uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) Partial Least Square (PLS). The research results show that (1) service quality has a positive effect on word of mouth at Raditya Transport, (2) trust has a positive effect on word of mouth at Raditya Transport, (3) service quality has a positive effect on trust in Raditya Transport, and (4) Service quality has a positive effect on word of mouth through trust as a mediating variable in Raditya Transport.
Adverse Childhood Experiences and Later Life Health and Wellbeing: A Moderating Role of Grit?
Authors: Dore Lauren , Rowlands Leanne
Published: August 2024

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with negative physical health (PH) and mental wellbeing (MW-B). This study investigated the relationship between ACEs and PH and MW-B, and the moderating role of grit. This cross-sectional study (N=59) collected ACE score, PH, MW-B, and grit data. Results demonstrated that grit did not moderate the relationship between ACEs and PH or MW-B. Surprisingly, ACEs were not found to be predictive of PH or MW-B. A main effect of grit was found on PH, suggesting that developing grit may inform public health outcomes.
The Challenges of President Muhammadu Buhari's (PMB) Cash Nigeria Transfers as Poverty Reduction Strategy in Nigeria
Authors: Osondu-Oti Adaora
Published: August 2024

Poverty has been on the increase in Nigeria. In 2016, the Federal government of Nigeria under President Muhammadu Buhari (PMB) established the National Social Investment Programs (NSIPs), including Cash Transfers (CTs). The cash transfers programme targeted the poorest of the poor by giving eligible households N5000 monthly (transferred bi-monthly), with the aim of graduating them out of poverty after three years of implementation. This paper analyzed the challenges that impeded the successful implementation of the PMB cash transfers. Using qualitative case-study methods, six Nigerian States were studied. Findings revealed that the program encountered several challenges such as poor targeting, inconsistent and incomplete payments, inadequate monitoring, bribery among other issues that resulted in its failure to lift the “poor beneficiaries” permanently out of poverty. For any future cash transfers to make positive impacts, it is recommended that Nigeria’s policymakers ensure that the challenges identified in this paper are adequately addressed.
Climate Change and Violent Conflict in the Sahel and Lake Chad Basin
Authors: Kazeem Olayinka Sodik
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this article is to analyse how climate change is a major threat to security in the Sahel and Lake Chad basin. The region is already experiencing the effects of climate change, such as more frequent droughts, floods, and desertification and to expatiate how these effects are leading to food insecurity, water scarcity, and displacement, which are in turn creating conditions that can lead to violent conflict, using the descriptive cum exploratory research design. The paper relied on qualitative data collected from secondary sources. Findings in the paper revealed that, the link between climate change and violent conflict is complex and there are many other factors that contribute to conflict in the region. However, climate change is a major threat that can exacerbate existing tensions and make it more difficult to resolve conflicts peacefully. The paper recommended measures to address the threat of climate change and violent conflict in the Sahel and Lake Chad basin, it is important to take a comprehensive approach that addresses both the root causes of conflict and the effects of climate change: investing in sustainable development and climate adaptation programme, promoting peacebuilding and conflict resolution, providing humanitarian assistance to those affected by climate change and building the resilience of communities to the effects of climate change, by taking a comprehensive approach, which is possible to mitigate the threat of climate change and violent conflict in the Sahel and Lake Chad basin to build a more peaceful and sustainable future for the region.
UNHCR Synergy with Nigerian Government and the Security Concerns of Vulnerable Cameroonian Anglophone Refugees in Cross River State, Nigeria, 2017-2023
Authors: Oko Thomas Odey
Published: August 2024

The influx of Cameroonian refugees seeking humanitarian protection in Nigeria indicates the severity of the conflict and the desperate conditions that force people to flee their homes. The separatist movements in Anglophone Cameroon and clashes with government forces have led to widespread violence, displacement, and human rights abuses. As a result, over 60,000 refugees have crossed into Nigeria between 2017 and 2023. However, while studies have explored the causes of the conflict and the humanitarian challenges faced by the refugees in their various settlements, this research assesses how the synergy between the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and the Nigerian Government has impacted the security concern of Cameroonian refugees in Cross River State, Nigeria. Theoretically, the study was anchored on the Global Governance Theory. Survey and documentary methods were used togather data. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis, logical deductions and statistical inferences. Findings include underfunding of the UNHCR and the apparent inability of the Nigerian Government to tackle the security concerns of the vulnerable Cameroonian refugees in Cross River State. The study recommends adequate funding to improve basic services and infrastructures within the refugee settlements.
Critical Assessment of Israel-Hamas War in the Israel-Palestine Conflict
Authors: Oluwashakin Ajinde , Aboyade Ariyo S.
Published: August 2024

At dawn on Saturday, October 7, 2023, the Hamas militant Palestinian group, that controlled the Gaza Strip since 2007, launched dastardly surprise attacks on Israel. It was the deadliest attack on the State of Israel since its War of Independence in 1948 and the Yom Kippur War in 1973. This paper critically examined the Hamas phenomenon in the war and the possibility of achieving a Palestinian State, not by war but by diplomatic engagement of all stakeholders. The theory of Fourth Generation Warfare is adopted to understand the situation better in the Israel-Palestine conflict, and particularly the Hamas war strategy. The study adopted a qualitative research approach for an in-depth exploration of perspectives, experiences, and narratives related to the conflict. It gathered data from documentaries, articles from learned journals, the mediascape, government official statements and websites, to capture the diverse viewpoints and narratives surrounding the conflict and war. The international media watch has tracked the battlefield exchanges (reports) and diplomatic shuttles between major stakeholders’ capitals. The Gaza Strip enclave has suffered monumental destruction and a horrific humanitarian catastrophe. Ceasefire had met with stiff opposition from the combatants. The conclusion is that Palestinian struggles for statehood since 1948 had hardly led them to achieve their goal. Given the generational historicity of the conflict, it is hard to decipher whether war or diplomacy would eventually bring about peace. But efforts must be continued on the diplomatic channels to manage the conflict.
Russia-Ukraine War and the Imperatives of a New Global Order
Authors: Abdulyakeen Abdulrasheed , Mumuni Nurain Abayomi
Published: August 2024

The Russia-Ukraine conflict has illuminated the inherent problems within the current global order and accentuated the urgent need for a re-imagined framework that addresses these issues. This study underscored the multifaceted nature of Russia-Ukraine War and the imperative of international efforts to seek a sustainable resolution. Using secondary data and content analysis. Findings reveal that Russia-Ukraine War is rooted in a complex web of historical, cultural, and geopolitical factors which the escalation of the conflict was exacerbated by issues related to the continuous encroachment of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) into territories considered to be sphere of influence of Russia, Crimea's annexation, the rights of Russian-speaking populations, and Ukraine's alignment with Western institutions. The study conclude that the conflict has contributed to a reevaluation of alliances and strategic partnerships on the global stage. It has also raised questions about the effectiveness of international institutions and the challenges posed by information warfare, energy security, and arms control. The study recommends that the international community should reaffirm its commitment to the principles enshrined in the United Nations Charter and other relevant agreements. Violations of these norms, as witnessed in Crimea, should be met with condemnation and diplomatic pressure.
United States Foreign Policy towards Sub-Saharan Africa: Insights from Ghana, Tanzania, and Zambia, and the Omission of Nigeria
Authors: Ogunseye Inioluwa Iyanu
Published: August 2024

In December 2022, the U.S.-Africa Leaders Summit was held in Washington DC, which had 49 heads of African states in attendance. As a follow-up, the United States Vice President, Kamala Harris, on March 27, 2023, was on state visits to Ghana, Tanzania, and Zambia. However, she did not stop in Nigeria. What does skipping Nigeria tell us about the U.S. foreign policy currently? This paper seeks to analyze Kamala Harris's trips to Ghana, Tanzania, and Zambia as well as what the United States' decision to skip Nigeria tells us about its current African foreign policy. The balance of power theory underpins this study. Secondary data sources were used. The study found out that Nigeria was excluded from the United States visit to Ghana, Tanzania, and Zambia due to insecurity and terrorism, questionable democracy, and human rights issues which are aligned to and constitute the US core national interests, economically, politically, and strategically. The state visit was aimed at restoring the U.S. damaged African relations. The study recommended that Nigeria must tackle the problems of bad governance and questionable democracy, terrorism, youth unemployment, and human rights issues for the development of stronger ties with the United States of America.
Advanced vibration control of cantilevered composite plates using macro fiber composites and PID controllers
Authors: Kouadria Khaled Madani , Mahieddine Ali , Aichouni Ahmed Baha Eddine
Published: August 2024

This study explores the dynamic response and control strategies of a cantilevered plate equipped with Macro Fiber Composite (MFC) patches. By employing both passive and active control methodologies, we investigate the interplay of parameters that govern the plate's vibrational behavior. The passive control approach, involving the introduction of mass and stiffness with varying damping coefficients, effectively absorbed and dissipated vibrational energy, validating the finite element (FE) model used. The simulations showed that increasing the damping coefficient from 0.0002 to 0.004 resulted in a 50% reduction in peak vibration amplitude. Active control using Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers demonstrated significant influence on the system’s dynamic response, with optimal configurations achieved through meticulous tuning. Specifically, the PID controller reduced vibration amplitude by up to 70% compared to the uncontrolled case. Simulations under step and sine wave inputs showcased the robustness and efficiency of the control strategies, particularly highlighting the effectiveness of finely-tuned PID parameters. This comprehensive analysis provides valuable guidelines for optimizing vibration control in real-world applications, enhancing structural integrity and performance. The findings contribute significantly to the field of structural dynamics and control, offering a foundation for future advancements in engineering applications.
Determinantes do controle financeiro pessoal: um estudo com discentes de ciências contábeis
Authors: Oliveira Regiane dos Santos de , Giacobbo Tatiana Silva Fontoura de Barcellos , Siqueira Karenn Patrícia Silva
Published: August 2024

O curso de bacharelado em Ciências Contábeis apresenta em sua estrutura curricular disciplinas afins à área de finanças, entretanto a maneira como cada estudante assimila as informações transmitidas nas aulas, além de outros fatores, podem interferir no aprendizado sobre o tema. Nesse sentido, este trabalho teve por objetivo identificar os fatores que influenciam o controle financeiro pessoal de discentes de Ciências Contábeis da Universidade Estadual do Maranhão. Quanto aos procedimentos metodológicos, foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa de levantamento do tipo survey, cuja coleta de dados ocorreu por meio da aplicação de questionário online junto ao corpo discente de Ciências Contábeis da Universidade, obtendo uma amostra de 107 acadêmicos. A análise quantitativa contemplou a estatística descritiva e inferencial, com a utilização do modelo de Regressão Logística logit no software Stata. Os resultados encontrados, apesar de não terem se mostrado estatisticamente significativos, indicaram que os fatores - semestre em curso, escolaridade, renda mensal familiar, estado civil, número de filhos e os estilos de aprendizagem, divergente e assimilador, apontados por Kolb - mostraram relação positiva com a prática do controle financeiro pessoal por parte dos respondentes. Este estudo contribuiu para a literatura ao associar os estilos de aprendizagem de Kolb e o controle financeiro pessoal.
Psicossomática: da prática médica interna às conexões neuropsicanalíticas
Authors: Barbosa Fernando Campos , Tadine Rodrigo Martins , Rezende Janaina Drawanz Pereira , Lopes Gabriel César Dias , Gonçalves Eneida Mara , Lobo Thalita
Published: August 2024

Este artigo oferece uma visão abrangente da Medicina Psicossomática, traçando seu desenvolvimento histórico e teórico desde o século XIX até o presente. O campo, que integra insights da medicina interna, psicologia e neurociência, explora as interações intrincadas entre mente e corpo. Inicialmente focada na dicotomia entre manifestações físicas e emocionais, a psicossomática agora enfatiza uma abordagem holística, considerando a complexa interação de fatores biológicos, psicológicos e sociais. O artigo discute o papel significativo da psicossomática na medicina interna, particularmente na compreensão de como estados psicológicos, como estresse e ansiedade, podem influenciar a fisiopatologia das doenças. Também destaca as contribuições da psicossomática para tratamentos psicoterapêuticos, onde a integração do entendimento emocional e experiencial dos pacientes ajuda a abordar sintomas físicos. Além disso, o artigo examina as profundas conexões entre a psicossomática e a neuropsicanálise, enfatizando como experiências emocionais e traumáticas podem afetar a estrutura e a função cerebral, levando a manifestações físicas de angústia. O trabalho foi elaborado a partir de uma pesquisa extensiva em várias bases de dados, como MEDLINE, PUBMED, SCIENCE DIRECT, SciELO e LILACS, sem um período específico de referência. Foram utilizadas palavras-chave como “Medicina Psicossomática”, “Histórico”, “Neuropsicanálise” e “Medicina Interna” e suas equivalentes em inglês, de forma isolada ou combinada, sem restrição temporal. Por meio de uma revisão narrativa e análise bibliográfica, os dados foram sintetizados de forma descritiva para compilar o conhecimento sobre o tema. Os achados destacam a evolução histórica da psicossomática, seus fundamentos teóricos e sua aplicação na prática médica moderna, enfatizando a importância de uma abordagem holística e integrativa no tratamento dos pacientes, que abranja dimensões psicológicas e sociais, juntamente com a saúde física. A Medicina Psicossomática, com raízes nos primórdios da medicina, tem evoluído nos últimos 75 anos, contribuindo significativamente para a ciência e a prática médica. Este campo adapta-se constantemente aos avanços na medicina, tecnologia e sociedade, enfrentando novos desafios e oportunidades, oferecendo uma abordagem mais ampla e integrativa da saúde, considerando aspectos físicos e psicológicos das doenças, o que melhora o diagnóstico, tratamento e cuidado dos pacientes. Abordar questões psicológicas, emocionais e sociais aumenta a adesão ao tratamento, oferecendo suporte personalizado, educação, estratégias de enfrentamento e envolvimento da rede de apoio, ajudando os pacientes a se comprometerem mais eficazmente com seu tratamento e autocuidado.
Resistência do solo á penetração em sistemas de produção de soja
Authors: Arruda Everton Martins , Ribeiro Rhana Galvão , Ushiwata Silvio Yoshiharu , Santos Marcos Paulo dos , Almeida Risely Ferraz , Souza Manoel Euzébio de , Riva Neto Dhiego César Oliveira , Zarpellon Cayttano Saul de Sá
Published: August 2024

Tem sido necessário estudar as áreas de conversão de pastagens degradadas para agricultura de grãos, isto para conhecer melhor sobre as mudanças ocasionadas nas propriedades físicas do solo, especialmente em áreas de início no sistema de produção de grãos de soja. Desta forma, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a resistência do solo à penetração em áreas de conversão de pastagens degradadas para agricultura de grãos de soja. Foram selecionadas cinco áreas com diferentes usos e manejos do solo, no município de Água Boa-MT, sendo as áreas: primeiro ano de soja, segundo ano de soja, quarto ano de soja, pastagem degradada e Cerrado natural. Nestas áreas foram avaliadas a qualidade física do solo por meio da resistência do solo à penetração. A quantificação da resistência do solo a penetração foi realizada pelo equipamento penetrômetro de impacto, sendo avaliadas as profundidades de 0-20, 20-40 e 40-60 cm. As de conversão para agricultura em primeiro, segundo e quarto ano de produção de grãos de soja apresentam baixos valores de resistência do solo a penetração, sendo valores que possibilitam o crescimento radicular das plantas. A área de pastagem degradada apresenta altos valores de resistência do solo a penetração, demonstrando possível impedimento físico para o crescimento das raízes das plantas.
Mobile software for automated segmentation, counting, and management of wood logs
Authors: Mazzochin João Victor Costa , Diniz Elioenai Markson Ferreira , Oliveira Gilson Adamczuk , Rodrigues Érick Oliveira
Published: August 2024

This article presents a software solution for object counting, aiming to simplify the quantification process across various domains. Accurate and efficient object counting plays a crucial role in numerous applications such as inventory management, crowd monitoring, quality control, resource planning, statistical analysis, and operational efficiency. The proposed solution uses image generation algorithms that employ Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (CGANs) as the primary machine learning tool in computer vision and image processing techniques to automate the counting process. This offers a reliable and time-saving alternative to manual counting methods. CGANs are particularly effective for this task due to their ability to generate precise segmentations of objects in images. These networks are trained using a large dataset of labeled images, allowing the model to learn to segment objects with high accuracy. During training, the images generated by the CGANs are compared with real images to ensure the accuracy of the results. The application of this software holds great potential for assisting in object quantification tasks across multiple domains. For instance, in inventory management, accurate item counting can lead to better stock management and cost savings. In crowd monitoring, the ability to count people accurately can be crucial for public safety and event management. In quality control, precise counting of products can ensure high standards and reduce waste. Additionally, in resource planning and statistical analysis, efficient and accurate data collection can significantly improve decision-making processes. Therefore, the implementation of this object counting software based on CGANs promises not only to enhance operational efficiency but also to improve economic savings and data accuracy, benefiting a wide range of industries and applications.
Aşı Tereddüdü Ölçeğinin Türk Toplumunda Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: Adıyaman Semiha , Özsoy Süheyla Altuğ
Published: August 2024

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Aşı Tereddüdü Ölçeğinin (Vaccine Hesitancy Scale) Türkçe geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışmasının yapılması amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı- metodolojik tasarımda olan bu çalışma Manisa ili Yunusemre ilçesindeki 2 aile sağlığı merkezinde Nisan 2021- Ocak 2022 tarihlerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Örneklemi 7-24 aylık bebeği olan 270 anne oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplamada ‘’Tanımlayıcı Anket Formu’’ ve Dünya Sağlık Örgütü’nün geliştirdiği ‘’Aşı Tereddüdü Ölçeği’’ kullanılmış, örneklem grubuna yüz yüze görüşme tekniğiyle uygulanmıştır. Ölçeğin dil uyarlamasından sonra kapsam, yordama ve yapı geçerliliği incelenmiştir. Madde analizi ve güvenirlik analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analizler SPSS 20 ve AMOS V24 programları ile yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Annelerin %95,6’sı aşıların koruyuculuğuna inandıklarını belirtmiştir. Aşılar hakkında farklı kaynaklardan duyulan olumsuz bilgiler sonrasında annelerin %6,3’ü çocuklarına aşı yaptırmamıştır. Ölçeğin Kapsam Geçerlik İndeksi (KGI) 0,96 bulunmuştur. Yapı geçerliğinde doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) yapılmıştır. DFA sonucunda maddelere ait yol katsayıları istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p
Building the Capacity of PCPs to Eliminate Stigma Through a Research-Informed Training Model
Authors: Ward Maranda C. , KerrKerr George , Blackstock Oni , Barnes Clover , Ogunbajo Adedotun , Alberti Phillip M.
Published: August 2024

We intentionally centered the voices of historically excluded patient populations in the design of a national primary care practitioner (PCP) training intervention. We sought out patient counter-narratives on HIV/PrEP and COVID vaccine screenings to co-exist with a structured literature review. Doing so allowed our training efforts to understand, disrupt, and reshape systems of power. After our team published a scoping review protocol on both screenings, we identified themes from key informant interviews (n=9) with minoritized patients and PCPs using the Socio-Ecological Model as a theoretical guide for our analysis. Reporting on our research process is beyond the scope of this commentary. Instead, we focus in this paper on what we learned from our research to inform our nine-part PCP training series. Major findings were that PCPs are largely unaware and/or unfamiliar with patient experiences and perceptions of screening; PCPs attend to individual-based, institutional-based, and policy-based facilitators to screening (i.e. overlooking interpersonal-based and community-based facilitators); and patients and PCPs align on the community-based barriers to screening. We developed and implemented a research-informed PCP training series. PCP trainings must be theory-informed and evidence-informed so that learners have the opportunity to become structurally competent in their aims to eliminate stigma.
Identifying the Factors Influencing Culturally Responsive HIV and PrEP Screening for Racial, Ethnic, Sexual, and Gender-Minoritized Patients: A Scoping Review
Authors: Xavier Julia , Ward Maranda C. , McDonald Paige , Kalita Nikhil , Corr Patrick G.
Published: August 2024

Purpose of Review The effect of structural barriers and screening deficits on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) spread among historically marginalized groups is underestimated. Primary care practitioners can foster culturally responsive patient-clinician interactions that encourage effective screening conversations and reduce disparities and disease burden for marginalized populations. This scoping review identifies factors influencing culturally responsive HIV and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) screening practices for racial, ethnic, sexual, and gender-minoritized groups. Methods This scoping review follows Arksey and O’Malley’s framework and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Recent Findings Forty-nine studies published between 2019-2022 were analyzed for factors influencing screening. After rigorous quality checking, factors fell into 4 categories of culturally responsive communication: culture of the patient, culture of the clinician, culture of medicine, and culture of racism. Key factors positively influencing screening included clinician competence, availability of inclusive messaging, effective service promotion, services addressing structural barriers, and clinician respect. Key factors negatively influencing screening included financial constraints, inadequate clinician competence, lack of trust in clinicians, clinician bias, and community stigma. Summary Culturally responsive communication is vital to reducing the HIV burden among minoritized populations. This scoping review identifies factors that promote or inhibit these screening conversations and identifies the need to support the intersectional needs of and provide social support to diverse individuals. These holistic approaches to solving structural inequities encourage patients to seek care. Further, clinicians need comprehensive, early training to actively oppose bias and oppression of minoritized patients and effectively prevent HIV. The primary study limitation was the challenge in quantifying and coding factors. Our findings have important multilevel policy implications for HIV and PrEP screening practices. Additionally, these results offer ways to tailor culturally responsive interventions to promote HIV and PrEP screening in the primary care setting.
GENÇ ERKEK HASTALARDA SPİNAL BLOK SIRASINDA GELİŞEN VAZOVAGAL SENKOPA MİDAZOLAM PREMEDİKASYONUNUN ETKİSİ: RETROSPEKTİF BİR ÇALIŞMA
Authors: GÜNDÜZ ERGÜN
Published: August 2024

Amaç: Vazovagal senkop arteriyel kan basıncının ve serebral kan akışının azalmasından kaynaklanan ani bilinç kaybıdır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: ASA I-II, 18-45 yaş aralığında, elektif şartlarda spinal anestezi uygulanan 133 erkek hastanın anestezi kayıtları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Premedikasyon uygulanan ve uygulanmayan hastaların anestezi kayıtlarında yer alan hemodinamik veriler ve spinal anesteziye bağlı gelişen fenalaşma hissi, hipotansiyon, senkop ve asistoli kayıtları incelendi ve iki grup hastanın verileri istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırıldı. Verilerin analizinde bağımsız örneklem t test, mann-whitney u, ki-kare test, ki-kare test koşulları sağlanmadığında fischer test kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Spinal anestezi öncesi midazolam kullanan grupta anksiyete oranı midazolam kullanmayan gruptan anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (p<0,05). Midazolam kullanan ve kullanmayan gruplar arasında spinal sırasında ve spinal öncesi hemodinamik verilerde anlamlı farklılık görülmedi (p>0,05). Midazolam kullanılmayan grupta bradikardi, senkop, fenalaşma oranı midazolam kullanılan gruptan anlamlı (p<0,05) olarak daha yüksekti. Midazolam kullanılan grupta yatar pozisyon oranı midazolam kullanmayan gruptan anlamlı olarak daha düşüktü (p<0,05).Midazolam kullanan ve kullanmayan gruplar arasında efedrin, atropin kullanımı benzer bulundu (p>0,05).
Sonuç: Sonuçlarımız spinal anestezi öncesi uygulanan midazolam sedasyonunun genç erkek hastalarda spinal blok sırasında görülen bradikardi, fenalaşma ve senkopu önlemede etkin olabildiğini göstermektedir.
Education in the open: Building a network for social action
Authors: Carvalho Lucila , Yeoman Pippa , Carvalho Júlia
Published: August 2024

This paper introduces Fast Food da Politica (FFDP) as a case study of a learning network designed to promote social action in a developing country. Our focus is on exploring FFDP design elements, such as those related to tools, tasks and social organization, and the connections between these elements and valued learning activity. FFDP cleverly (re)purposes popular (board) games as pedagogical tools, which are then customised for the teaching and learning of the mechanisms and functioning of Brazilian political structures. FFDP has taken their political games to game-playing sessions across the country in varied venues – including schools, government organisations, and open sessions at market-street events and public protests. Their games are shared as open learning resources through blueprints and manuals that explain the many ways a game can be played, and which are easily downloadable through their website. FFDP also encourages game users (educators and learners) to come up with and share their own game-playing ideas for reuse. As a result, FFDP has built a repository of games that is constantly evolving, as new ways of using their open resources are captured and packaged for sharing and reuse by others. As a not-for-profit organisation, FFDP has been successfully relying on social media and crowdsourced funding to survive. In this paper, we draw on the ACAD Wireframe to explore the alignment of this network’s design elements at the micro and meso levels, focusing on the ways FFDP combines a strategic educational vision deeply grounded on action for social change, with a curriculum that emphasizes gaming elements and promotes the physicality of materials in learning. At the micro level, the case study examines how the quality of materials support the development of educational innovation, while at the meso level this organization, driven by young women, is building-up a learning network for social action, empowering children, youth and adults to learn about the mechanisms of politics and their civil rights, within the Brazilian context. Overall, this paper offers an inspiring example of a productive learning network in action, where participation and co-creation are fostered through connections between a network of people, ideas, digital and material elements.
Building digital literacy through exploration and curation of emerging technologies
Authors: Duin Ann Hill , Pedersen Isabel
Published: August 2024

People readily consume an ever-growing range of emerging technologies while largely unaware of their lack of control over the impact that such networking, devices, data, and processes have on their lives. Since college-educated people are huge consumers of digital products and are expected to participate in networked learning, it is critical to foster student development of an expanded understanding of digital literacy. To address this challenge, we have created instructional materials for instructor and student use of the internationally known repository, “Fabric” of Digital Life (https://fabricofdigitallife.com/).
This research comes as the result of collaboration between the University of Minnesota’s Emerging Technology Research Collaboratory (ETRC, https://etrc.umn.edu/), a research group for investigating emerging technologies, and Fabric of Digital Life (https://fabricofdigitallife.com/) and its affiliated Decimal Research Lab at Ontario Tech University. Together, functioning as a collaborative in support of networked learning, we invite and facilitate research on building student digital literacy through examination, contribution, and/or curation of collections regarding emerging technologies. From Spring 2019 to the present, 13 instructors and associated students across nine institutions have developed and are using a set of instructional materials for student exploration and/or curation of collections in this repository.
This paper documents initial instructor discussion and study of student development of digital literacy as a result of use and/or curation of Fabric collections on emerging technologies and the discourses surrounding them. We are beginning to study the abilities that students draw upon when exploring the collections and when determining which artifacts might be included in current collections as well as new collections that might be developed. Collaborative interaction with the editorial team at Ontario Tech University not only enhanced the repository content and development of instructional resources, it also further evolved the metadata for Fabric for external users and the public. At its core, this research examines the potential development of digital literacy through the act of exploring and curating collections on emerging technologies. Critical to this core is the networked learning collaborative in place to foster and support this work.
Academic librarians’ Twitter practices and the production of knowledge infrastructures in higher education
Authors: Westbury Margaret
Published: August 2024

This short paper describes the use of infrastructural theory to interrogate data gathered for an ongoing study on the Twitter practices of academic librarians at one research-intensive university in the United Kingdom. In tandem with wider changes in networked technologies and ways of producing scholarship, academic librarians’ roles have shifted increasingly to knowledge production, particularly in the area of research support. A related shift has been academic librarians’ adoption of social media, particularly Twitter, to disseminate information and encourage community and collaboration. The few existing studies of librarians’ Twitter practices, however, frame such activity as service promotion, overlooking the relationship between technology and professional practice entwined and concomitant social effects in the university.
The theoretical framework devised for this study was woven from research in anthropology and Science and Technology Studies about the nature of infrastructure. Instead of viewing infrastructure as separate and monolithic substrates supporting the circulation of goods and information, such theory posits infrastructure as relational and contingent, constituted of political decisions and having broad and co[1]constitutive social effects on knowledge, subjectivities and agencies (Jensen & Morita, 2017). The study’s theoretical framework particularly draws on the notion of knowledge infrastructures defined as “networks of people, artifacts, and institutions that generate, share, and maintain specific knowledge about the human and natural worlds” (Edwards, 2010). The framework therefore emphasises the invisible labour of infrastructure — often dubbed infrastructuring — and related socio-political practices of design and maintenance that embody promises for the future (Larkin, 2018). In this picture, infrastructure is fragile and contingent, shaped by its installed base, and remarkably complicated, unfixed and open to contestation.
Based on preliminary findings, the study argues that academic librarians' Twitter practices constitute knowledge infrastructures in higher education. Using an infrastructural framework helped foreground the material conditions of librarians’ knowledge production in terms of entanglements of technology and professional values, shifts in professional subjectivities and performative effects within the university. A tentative implication for studies of technology and learning is that, by insisting that infrastructure and social activity are intertwined, learners and teachers are not framed in opposition to infrastructure and are thus better able to contest totalising narratives surrounding infrastructural learning technologies such as VLEs or MOOCs. In this picture, therefore, infrastructure is not simplistically background bulwark or sinister force. Appreciating the invisible labour involved in creating and sustaining infrastructure is therefore important for understanding contemporary learning contexts.
Designing activities and tools to support university students' creative and collaborative exploration of physical computing
Authors: Kaivo Melissa , Cuartielles David , Spikol Daniel
Published: August 2024

Today’s digital world requires students to gain skills in collaborative problem solving and digital literacy. One approach is to teach people how to design computational artefacts that require both electronics and programming. Physical computing platforms offer an endless amount of possible opportunities for people to design and develop technological artefacts. However, many times students are overwhelmed when trying to learn both software and hardware simultaneously. The students struggle to be innovative and creative in their projects. Also, they focus on mastering the tool and following instructions for existing projects rather than being able to creatively explore the tool and understand the process of designing and developing new artefacts. For that reason, we aimed to answer the question: What type of tools and activities can be developed to support university students creative exploration of physical computing? Programming and electronics are fundamental design disciplines in today's digital world, and therefore they should be taught through design activities rather than limiting education to textbook readings and laboratory exercises.
We introduce our process of designing activities combined with a supportive tool to ease these challenges. The activities and tools were developed iteratively in three phases with a series of workshops with 126 students and teachers. The tool consists of a set of paper cards that provide necessary details (hints) about the electronics and software and help provide structure for the students to conceptualise how their artefact interacts. We additionally, introduced a learning Jigsaw pattern (orchestration script) for the later intervention that enabled individual students in the groups to focus on design, hardware, or software. For evaluation, we used the Creativity Support Index (CSI), which is a psychometric survey designed to assess the support of the creative process. The instrument investigates collaboration, efforts worth the result, exploration, immersion, enjoyment, and expressiveness. The results between the phases showed improvement with the use of the refined versions of the cards and orchestration of the learning activity. This study has demonstrated that design activities can provide a more accessible approach for the introduction of physical computing to students from various majors. Moreover, learning physical computing through design activities allows the learner to develop computational and design thinking skills for collaboratively solving problems.
Mixed methods with social network analysis for networked learning
Authors: Mørch Anders I. , Andersen Renate , Kaliisa Rogers , Litherland Kristina
Published: August 2024

In our research we study small group interaction and meaning making in the context of a larger community of people and artifacts. Our research methodology combines social network analysis and content analysis in different ways. The primary purpose of this paper is to explore approaches and demonstrate the feasibility of mixed methods research combining network-level and content-level methods. We report our experiences from three case studies (Get Satisfaction, Canvas, r/place), which include individual variation (innovative approaches toward integration) and a common approach of “zooming in,” or shifting perspective between bird’s eye and detailed levels of interaction data during analysis (message content, dialogic structure, or visual artifact vs. patterns of users and their interactions). We show that the two sets of methods in combination can eliminate shortcomings of the separate methods used independently.
A Framework for the Analysis of Personal Learning Networks
Authors: Fair Nicholas S. R.
Published: August 2024

This paper reports on research undertaken to map and analyse Personal Learning Networks (PLNs). PLNs are the total preferred connections to the different people, technological devices, services, and information resources an individual uses for learning activities and learning goals in all learning contexts. Drawing from Education, Web Science, Digital Sociology and Network Science, a Framework was developed which conceptualises PLNs as egocentric interaction networks involving a mode, purpose and endpoint. The Framework introduces the idea of measuring the frequency of interaction along paths consisting of pre-determined, generalised nodes (and node sets). This eliminate network differences at the micro level and allows meaningful comparison and aggregation of individual PLNs into groups or whole samples.
Quantitative survey data was collected as part of a FutureLearn MOOC and in real-time converted by a bespoke mapping and visualisation tool into an online PLN map. Analysis indicates that regardless of any contextual factors, individuals interact nearly three quarters of the time via digital devices, and just a quarter of the time face-to-face or non-digitally. One third of those interactions are with smartphones, most often for the purpose of gathering information from web searches. Individuals also interact more frequently with non-humans than they do with humans. Chi-square significance testing to examine the effect of a range of external shaping factors found that the PLNs of apparently diverse groups display a considerable homogeneity. Gender, country of residence and position on the Digital Resident-Digital Visitor spectrum have no effect on the size and use of a PLN. Age and being a UK HE student have the most effect. There may also be evidence of a Network Lifecycle, with a critical period of PLN growth occurring during the age of 18-25.
This means that universities are ideally placed, indeed may even have a duty of care, to foster PLN development in educationally and personally productive ways. If HE institutions are to respond to the networked student, living, working and learning in a network age, then no longer can the learner be considered separately from the network of people, devices, services and information resources they use for daily life. Transitioning towards a PLN-centred, networked learning HE pedagogy and learning design may arguably be the most suitable response to a study body which is increasingly and inextricably embedded in a sociotechnical reality.
Am I building a bubble around me? A phenomenographic study exploring students’ perceptions of online personalised filters and information literacy
Authors: McDermott-Dalton Geraldine
Published: August 2024

For networked learning to be successful, students need good information literacy skills. These skills will enable them to move away from being "passive recipients of digitally distributed information" (Wiske, 2011) to become critical thinkers willing to challenge, discuss, collaborate and connect with other learners and teachers. This small-scale study uses phenomenography to investigate students’ perceptions and experiences of personalised filters, which present a challenge for educators concerned with developing information literacy skills. Findings show that students are comfortable with filters to find basic information. However, for more complex ideas, students felt they needed to adopt sophisticated search strategies.