bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regret in Surgical Decision Making: A Systematic Review of Patient and Physician Perspectives
Authors: Wilson Ana , Ronnekleiv‐Kelly Sean M. , Pawlik Timothy M.
Published: February 2017

Objective

Regret is a powerful motivating factor in medical decision making among patients and surgeons. Regret can be particularly important for surgical decisions, which often carry significant risk and may have uncertain outcomes. We performed a systematic review of the literature focused on patient and physician regret in the surgical setting.

Methods

A search of the English literature between 1986 and 2016 that examined patient and physician self‐reported decisional regret was carried out using the MEDLINE/PubMed and Web of Science databases. Clinical studies performed in patients and physicians participating in elective surgical treatment were included.

Results

Of 889 studies identified, 73 patient studies and 6 physician studies met inclusion criteria. Among the 73 patient studies, 57.5% examined patients with a cancer diagnosis, with breast (26.0%) and prostate (28.8%) cancers being most common. Interestingly, self‐reported patient regret was relatively uncommon with an average prevalence across studies of 14.4%. Factors most often associated with regret included type of surgery, disease‐specific quality of life, and shared decision making. Only 6 studies were identified that focused on physician regret; 2 pertained to surgical decision making. These studies primarily measured regret of omission and commission using hypothetical case scenarios and used the results to develop decision curve analysis tools.

Conclusion

Self‐reported decisional regret was present in about 1 in 7 surgical patients. Factors associated with regret were both patient‐ and procedure related. While most studies focused on patient regret, little data exist on how physician regret affects shared decision making.
Phase and Rheological Properties of a Curcumin‐Encapsulated Cubic Liquid Crystal
Authors: Wang Zhongni , Fu Lei , Liu Xin , Zhang Li , Guo Fumin , Zhao Xin
Published: February 2017

For the purpose of encapsulating curcumin, cubic liquid crystals were constructed using a Brij 97‐NaDC (surfactant)/IPM‐PEG 400 (oil)/H2O system, at a constant Brij 97/NaDC ratio of 4:1 and varied IPM/PEG 400 ratios of 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, 4:6, and 3:7. The cubic liquid crystal samples, possessing a fixed surfactant/oil/water composition and different IPM/PEG 400 ratios, underwent a structure transition from Im3m to the coexistence of Im3m and Ia3d as determined by small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) measurements. SAXS and rheological investigations on the 5:5 IPM/PEG 400 ratio cubic samples suggested that the cubic liquid crystals became more stable after encapsulating curcumin in either IPM or PEG 400, as indicated by the longer characteristic relaxation time. By saturating curcumin in both IPM and PEG 400, at an IPM/PEG 400 ratio less than 5:5, higher elastic modulus, larger q value, and stronger intensity of the first scattering peak for the curcumin‐encapsulated liquid crystals were observed as compared to the corresponding curcumin‐free samples. Also, clearly different melting points for these systems were found. These results indicate a method of tailoring the stability and the temperature sensitivity of the investigated curcumin‐encapsulated cubic liquid crystals.
Digestion of Ceramide 2‐Aminoethylphosphonate, a Sphingolipid from the Jumbo Flying Squid Dosidicus gigas, in Mice
Authors: Tomonaga Nami , Manabe Yuki , Sugawara Tatsuya
Published: February 2017

Ceramide 2‐aminoethylphosphonate (CAEP), a sphingophosphonolipid containing a carbon–phosphorus bond, is frequently found in marine organisms and has a unique triene type of sphingoid base in its structure. CAEP has not been evaluated as a food ingredient, although it is generally contained in Mollusca organisms such as squids and shellfish, which are consumed worldwide. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the effects of CAEP as a food component by evaluating the digestion of CAEP extracted from the skin of the jumbo flying squid Dosidicus gigas. Our results revealed that dietary CAEP was digested to free sphingoid bases via ceramides by the mouse small intestinal mucosa. At pH 7.2, CAEP was hydrolyzed more rapidly than the major mammalian sphingolipid sphingomyelin; however, the hydrolysis of CAEP was similar to that of sphingomyelin at pH 9.0. Thus, the digestion of CAEP may be catalyzed by alkaline spingomyelinase and other enzymes. Our findings provide important insights into the digestion of the dietary sphingophosphonolipid CAEP in marine foods.
Effect of feeding Actigen™ to sows during gestation and lactation and on piglet performance
Authors: Taylor-Pickard J. , McArdle T. , Icely S.
Published: February 2017

Actigen™ is a second generation, unique bioactive fraction derived from the outer cell wall of a specific strain of yeast,Saccharomyces cerevisiae, where it acts in the gut to bind pathogenic bacteria, preventing disease and competition for nutrients. In the current trial, 260 sows were used and fed either an unsupplemented control diet or one containing Actigen™ at 0.08% of the formulation during gestation, farrowing and lactation, to assess its impact on sow and piglet performance. Results showed significant increases in feed intake for sows fed Actigen™ pre-farrowing, but this was reversed during lactation, leading to a 7 kg saving in feed intake per animal. At birth, piglets weighed 42 g more in litters from Actigen™-fed sows compared to the control group. Weaning weight of the total litter from Actigen™ sows was significantly higher (P< 0.05) by 3.3 kg, although individual piglet weights were the same. Sows showed no significant loss in body weight during the trial, indicating that the improved piglet production was related to improved nutrient availability and perhaps Ig status of piglets due to the addition of Actigen™ in the diet.
CADRE ROTATION AND CAMPAIGN MOBILIZATION IN CHINA'S ANTICORRUPTION ENFORCEMENT
Authors: Zeng Qingjie
Published: February 2017

In authoritarian regimes, anticorruption measures are fundamentally mechanisms of controlling agents at various levels. To do this, the principal can either rely on routine bureaucratic management or resort toad hoc, intense mobilization to discipline its agents. Using China as a case study, this article explores which mode of top-down control exerts greater influence on the pattern of anticorruption enforcement. We focus on the cadre rotation system as an example of routine management techniques and examine its effects on provincial level enforcement. We also investigate how provinces respond to the central government's periodic call to intensify anticorruption efforts. Based on provincial enforcement data from 1998 to 2013, our analysis finds that the proportion of rotated officials has little impact on enforcement outcomes. Rather, the vigor of enforcement in the provinces responds strongly to national policy priorities, suggesting a highly centralized disciplinary system. Moreover, provinces of greater political importance are under more central pressure to conform. The findings challenge the often-made argument that stable institutions are effective in fostering top-down control in authoritarian regimes, and suggest that campaign mobilization continues to be an essential instrument at the dictator's disposal.
Special Education Outcomes and Young Australian School Students: A Propensity Score Analysis Replication
Authors: Dempsey Ian , Valentine Megan
Published: February 2017

Using a second cohort of Australian school students, this study repeated the propensity score analysis reported by Dempsey, Valentine, and Colyvas (2016) that found that 2 years after receiving special education support, a group of infant grade students performed significantly less well in academic and social skills in comparison to matched groups of students who did not receive support. Using Longitudinal Study of Australian Children data, the present study found that the second cohort of students with additional needs also performed less well than matched groups of peers and that these results also held true for the specific subgroup of these children with learning disability/learning problems. The ramifications of these results to the delivery of special education in Australia are discussed.
Coastal plain stratigraphy records tectonic, environmental, and human habitability changes related to sea-level drawdown, ‘Upolu, Sāmoa
Authors: Kane Haunani H. , Fletcher Charles H. , Cochrane Ethan E. , Mitrovica Jerry X. , Habel Shellie , Barbee Matthew
Published: February 2017

Coastal plain stratigraphy is often over looked in paleo–sea-level reconstructions because carbonate sediments do not precisely constrain former sea level. Pacific Island sedimentology provides an invaluable record of geomorphic and environmental consequences of coastal evolution in response to changes in sea level and local tectonics. A series of coastal auger cores obtained from eastern ʻUpolu reveal a subsurface carbonate sand envelope predominately composed of coral and coralline algae derived from the reef framework. Coupling the sedimentological record with geophysical models of Holocene sea level, we identify a critical value (0.3–1.0 m) during the falling phase of the sea-level high stand (1899–2103 cal yr BP) that represents the transition from a transgressive to a regressive environment and initiates coastal progradation. Correlating the critical value with time, we observe nearly a millennium of coastal plain development is required before a small human population is established. Our findings support previous studies arguing that Sāmoa was colonized by small and isolated groups, as post–mid-Holocene drawdown in regional sea level produced coastal settings that were morphologically attractive for human settlement. As future sea level approaches mid-Holocene high stand values, lessons learned from Pacific Island sedimentological records may be useful in guiding future decisions related to coastal processes and habitat suitability.
ASYMPTOTIC TRIANGULATIONS AND COXETER TRANSFORMATIONS OF THE ANNULUS
Authors: VOGEL HANNAH , FELIKSON ANNA , TUMARKIN PAVEL
Published: February 2017

Asymptotic triangulations can be viewed as limits of triangulations under the action of the mapping class group. In the case of the annulus, such triangulations have been introduced in K. Baur and G. Dupont (Compactifying exchange graphs: Annuli and tubes, Ann. Comb.3(18) (2014), 797–839). We construct an alternative method of obtaining these asymptotic triangulations using Coxeter transformations. This provides us with an algebraic and combinatorial framework for studying these limits via the associated quivers.
BRITISH SOLDIERS AND THE LEGEND OF NAPOLEON
Authors: DALY GAVIN
Published: February 2017

Investigating the letters, diaries, and memoirs of British officers and enlisted men from the Napoleonic Wars, this article explores the hitherto neglected subject of British soldiers’ perceptions of Napoleon. Soldiers often formed mixed and ambivalent views on Napoleon. At one level, this corresponds with a range of attitudes within Britain, highlighting the important connections between soldiers and domestic culture. Yet these views also reveal what soldiers as a distinct cohort prioritized about Napoleon, and how these perceptions evolved over time. They also reveal tensions and divisions within the army itself, and shed light on British soldiers and patriotism. And finally, they add to our understanding of soldiers’ writing practices, especially their cultural context and the differences between wartime writing and memoirs. A diverse and shifting set of cultural frameworks and lived experiences shaped soldiers’ writings on Napoleon – from the Black Legend and Napoleonic Legend, to the Enlightenment and Romanticism; and from Spain and its battlefields to Restoration Paris and post-Waterloo Britain. Tracing the evolution of British soldiers’ perceptions of Napoleon from the outbreak of the Peninsular War in 1808 to the mid-nineteenth century reveals a growing admiration of Napoleon and the increasing hold of the Napoleonic Legend.
ASSERTIONS OF ENTITLEMENT TO THE OUTER CONTINENTAL SHELF IN THE CENTRAL ARCTIC OCEAN
Authors: Kunoy Bjørn
Published: February 2017

The legal and technical issues relating to the outer continental shelf entitlements in the Central Arctic Ocean present several challenges, most of which are to be resolved in accordance with Article 76 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. Recently, two coastal States in the Central Arctic Ocean have made fully fledged submissions relating to the Arctic to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf. Russia has made a revised submission that is currently being considered by the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf. The submission of Denmark/Greenland will most likely only be considered in 10 or 15 years time.
Acoustics of Russian voiceless sibilant fricatives
Authors: Kochetov Alexei
Published: February 2017

This study investigated acoustic properties of the four-way contrast in Russian voiceless sibilant fricatives (/ssjʂ ʃj/). Words with these consonants, occurring in a variety of phonetic contexts, were elicited from 10 Russian native speakers. Measurements were made of duration, centre of gravity (COG) and intensity of fricative noise, as well as of formants F1–F3 during the following vowel. The results revealed that the anterior vs. posterior contrast was clearly distinguished by COG throughout the frication period, and to a lesser degree by noise intensity. The palatalized vs. non-palatalized contrast was distinguished by F1 and (especially) F2 at the onset, the midpoint, and, in some cases, at the offset of the following vowel. The four-way contrast was thus well categorized by a combination of COG and F2–F1 differences. Fricative duration only marginally distinguished /ʃj/, commonly described as geminate, from the other consonants. Clear durational differences, however, were observed for the same consonants in different positional and stress contexts. Overall, the results of the study provide a systematic documentation of the typologically uncommon fricative contrast, while also shedding light on some facts of synchronic patterning and historical development of the fricative system of Russian.
Hunting in Afghanistan: variation in motivations across species
Authors: Bashari Mujtaba , Sills Erin , Peterson M. Nils , Cubbage Frederick
Published: February 2017

Illegal hunting is a widespread problem, with motivations varying across regions. We investigated the patterns and reasons for hunting in Afghanistan, where it is generally illegal but pervasive in the wake of decades of civil war. To assess motivations for hunting, firstly we conducted a systematic review of the literature, extracting information from 32 studies that discuss the relative importance of various reasons for hunting in Afghanistan; we analysed findings from these studies using the meta-analytic method of vote-counting. Secondly, using face-to-face interviews or a web-based questionnaire, we surveyed key informants in Afghanistan about the motivations identified in the literature. We obtained responses from 57 people familiar with hunting, including government officials, vendors in wildlife markets, and hunters. Findings from the meta-analysis and the survey were broadly consistent, both identifying the market for fur and other by-products as one of the most important motivations for hunting. However, much of the published literature focuses on hunting of carnivores, and emphasizes retaliation as a motivation for hunting. Key informants were more likely to cite subsistence consumption and to suggest that providing education and livelihood alternatives would reduce hunting. Our results highlight the importance of a multi-pronged policy response that recognizes variation in motivations for hunting different species.
An English Friar Minim in France
Authors: Rogers David
Published: February 2017

The Order of Friars Minim was founded by St Francis of Paula, whose birth took place in Calabria in 1416. The new friars received Papal approval in 1474. By the date of their founder’s death in 1507 they were organised in five provinces extending over Italy, France, Spain and Germany and were already setting out for the mission fields of the New World. But despite an extraordinarily rapid growth in the early sixteenth century, not a single one among more than 350 houses of the Order was to be found in England or Wales by the time that King Henry VIII began the spoliation of the monasteries. It was therefore only after Catholic men and women were forced to go abroad if they wished to give their lives to God in the cloister, that (as far as we know) the order received its first English subjects.
Maude Petre: Her Life and Significance
Authors: Healey Charles J.
Published: February 2017

Maude Domenica Petre (1863-1942) has long been associated with the Modernist movement in the Catholic Church, but for the most part she has remained in the background. Whatever has been written about her has usually been in connection with George Tyrrell, since as his close friend, biographer and literary executor, she is a key source of information about him. Apart from that, there is her own apparent desire to stay somewhat in the background. She tells us very little about herself in her writings, and even in her quasi-autobiography, My Way of Faith, written in 1936 when she was 73 and could look back on a long and full life, she is very reluctant to focus on herself. And yet, in her own right she was a remarkable woman. Apart from the books which she either edited or translated, she wrote more than fourteen books of her own on a variety of subjects, as well as numerous articles. This paper, then, will focus on Maude Petre herself, using her own writings and the Petre Papers which were presented to the British Library some time after her death.
Privy Council Coercion and Religious Conformity at the Inns of Court, 1569–84
Authors: Fisher R. M.
Published: February 2017

From Henry's divorce to Elizabeth's accession, the most striking religious changes at the Inns of Court were external. As the Reformation progressed, church and chapel were stripped of their medieval ornamentation, in form as in fabric. Despite this outward transformation, there was remarkable continuity in personnel. Change occurred more by the natural process of admission, promotion, retirement and death than by compulsion. This did not mean that there was no regulation whatsoever. Members of the Inns were among those expected to obey the law—whether renouncing the Pope, acknowledging the Supremacy or maintaining uniformity. Nevertheless it is difficult to establish the extent to which religious observance was actually practised at the Inns. Bartlett Green of the Middle Temple, who was burnt for heresy in 1556, testified that he had not heard Mass during Mary's reign. Richard Allington, a barrister of Lincoln's Inn, was so engrossed in the worship of mammon that he fearfully confessed before his deathbed audience in 1561 to have ‘never wentte to churche atte tyme of commone prayere'. In 1569, several other members of the legal societies admitted they had rarely attended church since Elizabeth's accession, including Walter Norton of Gray's Inn, ‘by reason of his busines and clientes causes’. Despite the legal requirement, there is no sign of any campaign to enforce religious observance at the Inns or to coerce the legal profession as a whole.
St Martin's Parish, Birmingham, in 1767: A Study of Urban Catholicism
Authors: Champ Judith F.
Published: February 2017

This work is the product of team research carried out by a group of Extramural Department students of the University of Birmingham, using locally available primary and secondary material. None of the group were professional historians, though some have pursued private research on aspects of local history, and all had been prepared by a term's lectures on the Catholic Revival in Birmingham, 1650-1850.
An Eighteenth Century Chaplain: John Champion at Sawston Hall
Authors: Holt T.G.
Published: February 2017

John Champion, a Jesuit, was at Sawston Hall near Cambridge, the home of the Huddleston family, from 1730 or earlier until his death in 1776. It is possible from a study of the Huddleston papers deposited in the Cambridgeshire Record Office and of other contemporary documents to discover something of his life as a family chaplain—a life that was probably typical of the lives of other priests of the time.
Ultramontanism in Yorkshire, 1850–1900
Authors: Supple Jennifer F.
Published: February 2017

‘Ultramontanism’, a term which can be used simply to describe a particular attitude towards the Papacy, is frequently used to describe certain kinds of devotional practice, and is sometimes used in connection with other aspects of Catholicism, such as attitudes towards poverty, charity and Protestants, and the growth of authoritarianism in the Church. The second half of the nineteenth century is portrayed as the period during which the Ultramontane clergy took control of the Catholic Church from the hands of the old English clergy and laity, symbolised in the appointment of the Ultramontane Manning to Westminster in 1865 rather than the old English Bishop Clifford: ‘the victory of Ultramontanism and Romanisation’. If this was true of England as a whole, then it must surely be true of Yorkshire, where in 1861 the ‘thoroughly Roman’ Robert Cornthwaite became Bishop of Beverley? Ultramontanism, in all its guises, certainly had an important influence on the Catholic Church in Yorkshire during this period, but there is also evidence of a continued attachment to old English attitudes and practices, even as late as the 1890s. What took place in Yorkshire was not the triumph of Ultramontanism but a gradual acceptance and assimilation of two different kinds of Catholicism, as the gentry who had formerly dominated the Yorkshire Church, and the old English clergy who served them, came to terms with the most Ultramontane of the English bishops and the younger priests who followed his example.
Robert Persons and an Unknown Political Pamphlet of 1593
Authors: Holmes P.J.
Published: February 2017

In November 1591 a royal proclamation was published denouncing the activities of seminary priests and Jesuits which inspired a surprising number of Catholic authors to undertake its refutation. Robert Persons, Joseph Cresswell, Richard Verstegan, Thomas Stapelton, and Robert Southwell all attacked it in works printed in English or Latin; a short, anonymous tract on the subject survives in manuscript; and two Spanish writers also dealt with the proclamation, which had touched the honour of Philip II. There was perhaps something of a tradition among Catholic authors of writing refutations of royal proclamations, and the edict of 1591 was indeed strongly worded, but it is clear that its appearance was largely a welcome excuse for the authors of these books to publish their views, which ranged wide in their attacks on Elizabethan policy and formed part of a sustained Catholic propaganda campaign which reached its height at around this time. Robert Persons continued to discuss the proclamation, although at much less length, in two tracts published in 1592 and 1593, which deal with other subjects.
Catholicism in Jacobean Durham (1)
Authors: Hilton J.A.
Published: February 2017

The reign of James I saw the recovery of Catholicism in Durham with the re-organisation of the clerical mission, influenced by the religious orders of the Counter-Reformation, and an increase in recusancy. Despite the initial disappointment of Catholic hopes of some measure of toleration from James, the application of the penal laws was eventually relaxed. The resulting safety allowed the establishment of a formal missionary organisation under the impulse of the revived religious orders, and permitted recusants to increase in numbers. Durham recusancy remained, however, limited to a minority of the gentry and their dependants consisting largely of a circle of families linked to the house of Neville.
The Haggerstons: The Education of A Northumberland Family
Authors: Joyce M. B.
Published: February 2017

The Haggerstons, now at Ellingham but formerly of Haggerston, can trace their lineage back to Sir Hugh de Hagardeston, who was living in 1290. A landed family of some social distinction in Northumberland, they persevered throughout the times of persecution, not infrequently at great cost, and afforded others on their estates the occasion to observe their religious practices. That the Catholic faith did not disappear in this remote and sparsely populated county was, indeed, largely due to families such as theirs: Derwentwaters, Swinburnes, Selbys, Widdringtons, Charltons, Thorntons, Claverings, and later Silvertops. Neither Newcastle nor Berwick nor Alnwick nor Morpeth could boast of a thriving recusant community; the strength of Catholicism was in the country areas, on and around the estates of these families.
The Movement of Clergy in The Diocese of Canterbury, 1552–62
Authors: Buckingham Christopher
Published: February 2017

This article is based on the Archbishops’ Transcripts of the Induction and Ordination Records in Lambeth Palace Library and the Visitation Records in Canterbury Cathedral Library. In Archbishop Parker's Return of the Parishes and Households of the diocese of Canterbury in 1563 there is a list of parishes which I have used as a basis for the statistical analysis. In some details I have had to differ from it. Parker's total of churches and chapels in the diocese was 276; mine is 240. For example, the church of St Mary-in-the-Castle at Canterbury is useless for our purpose: it was falling into ruin and there is no Visitation Record about it, since the parish had been joined with St Mildred's. The same is true of St Nicholas, Harbledown; of Warden, Churchley and others ‘being decayed’ or not served; of chapels-of-ease, such as Staple, Egerton and Huckinge; of chapels which were really private; and of churches such as Maidstone, Detling, Loose and others which, being peculiars, were exempt from the Archdeacon's Visitation. For the purpose of this survey, I shall use the parishes listed in the 1563 Return which also have the relevant details in the Visitations from 1552 to October 1562. Of these there are 240.
The Contribution of 1639: Court and Country Catholicism
Authors: Hibbard Caroline
Published: February 2017

Addressing the House of Commons in April 1640, Sir Benjamin Rudyerd looked back to the dissolution of the last Parliament in 1629. He blamed the English Catholics for what he saw as their role in it, ‘who now by the discontinuance of parliaments are come to that arrogancy and boldness that they intend [contend] who are the greatest subjects’. This warning would be repeated many times in the Parliamentary debates of 1640-42. The evidence most often cited in support of it was the Catholic or ‘Queen’s’ contribution of 1639, raised to help the King finance his expedition against the Scottish Covenanters.
Cardinal Pole in Recent Studies
Authors: Marmion John P.
Published: February 2017

Each century since Cardinal Pole’s death in 1558 has produced itsown tribute of biographies; the recent development is a series of more detailed studies of the various aspects of Pole’s thought and career. A convenient point of departure is provided by the most recent life of Pole, the work of Dr Wilhelm Schenk. This was published in 1950, but the author had died in the previous June, and the work must have been done some years previously, so that it is in effect about twenty-five years old. During this quarter-century the early days of the Catholic Reform in Italy have been greatly studied, and among the works produced are biographies of quite a number of people who were among Pole’s friends or contacts in his earlier years. As this larger background comes into greater focus Pole himself is seen in new aspects; some old questions are answered, but new ones arise. Is he a mediaeval figure, or among the first of the new men? Was he the saintly character depicted by Beccadelli, or thecarnifex et flagellum Ecclesiae Anglicanaeas his successor at Canterbury, Archbishop Parker, thought? Are we to see him as a failure or a man who achieved much in an unpromising situation?

A number of Pole’s works became available in reprints in the early sixties, and this has facilitated recent studies. Of these the best known, and most considered, is undoubtedly theDe Unitate?It has been the subject of two translations, and two dissertations which happily are complementary and together provide a deep and comprehensive analysis into its theology, political thought and significance. As the translations are published and available, attention here is directed to the two unpublished studies. The first of these, by Breifre V. Walker, was presented to University College, Dublin in 1972 for the degree of M.A., and is entitled ‘Cardinal Reginald Pole, Papal Primacy and Church Unity, 1529-1536’. When Pole went abroad in 1532 he was in effect escaping from the situation created by the King’s ‘Divorce’. Three years later Thomas Starkey, who had for a while been a member of Pole’s household in Italy, wrote at the King’s express command to ask for Pole’s opinion about the royal marriage, and the authority of the Pope. Starkey also suggested some answers and referred Pole to the works of Marsilius of Padua. The unexpected result was theDe Untiate.
Work–retirement cultures: a further piece of the puzzle to explain differences in the labour market participation of older people in Europe?
Authors: JANSEN ANDREAS
Published: February 2017

The article examines to what extent culture is a further piece of the puzzle to explain differences in the labour market participation of older people in Europe. This approach is in clear contrast to the existing literature on that topic which is largely economically oriented and more focused on socio-economic determinants. In the first part, different theoretical conceptions regarding the impact of culture on individual actions are discussed with the aim of developing the concept of work–retirement cultures. In the second part, the article gathers empirical evidence on differences in the work–retirement culture in 22 European societies and analyses the interplay between the work–retirement culture and the labour market participation of people aged between 55 and 64 years using logistic random intercept regression analysis. The analysis draws on the third round of the European Social Survey. The results give some clear indications that the work–retirement culture plays its part in explaining differences in the labour market participation of older people in Europe and thus clarifies that the timing of retirement is not fully determined by pension policies. Accordingly, the results of the study illustrate that it is not sufficient to solely change the legal rules for the transition to retirement. Rather, people need to be additionally convinced of the individual benefits of remaining in employment.
‘Since I retired, I can take things as they come. For example, the laundry’: gender, class and freedom in retirement in Switzerland
Authors: REPETTI MARION , CALASANTI TONI
Published: February 2017

Population ageing has led many countries to be concerned about the ‘economic burden’ of elders, and several have adopted the active ageing paradigm to reform policy. However, gender differences that moderate the effect of active ageing have been little considered. As in other nations in the European Union, Swiss federal authorities use the active ageing paradigm to reshape ageing policies, including the provision of incentives to seniors to remain in the labour market. At the same time, many recent and proposed changes draw on the assumption of gender equality, even though actual parity has not yet been demonstrated. We know little about how gender shapes retirement in Switzerland, other than in relation to financial inequality between women and men. Qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews conducted with Swiss retirees (N = 15) shows how men and women describe this time of life differently. All respondents characterised retirement as a time of freedom; but the meaning of such freedom diverged for men and women, reflecting the gender division of labour, which is further shaped by class. We discuss the implications of this difference for the gendered consequences of active ageing policies.
In-hand forward and inverse kinematics with rolling contact
Authors: Cui Lei , Sun Jie , Dai Jian S.
Published: February 2017

Robotic hands use rolling contact to manipulate a grasped object to a desired location, even when the finger and the palm linkage mechanisms lack degrees of freedom. This paper presents a systematic approach to the forward and inverse kinematics of in-hand manipulation. The moving frame method in differential geometry is integrated into the product of exponential formula to establish a pure geometric framework of the kinematics of a robot hand. The forward and inverse kinematics of a multifingered hand are obtained in terms of the joint rates and contact trajectories. A two-fingered planar robot hand and a three-fingered spatial robot hand are used to demonstrate the proposed approach. The proposed formulation amounts to solving a univariate polynomial, providing an alternative to the existing ones that require numerical integration.
Corrections to C.A. Newdigate’s “Our Martyrs”
Authors: Anstruther G.
Published: February 2017

Fr. Newdigate's pamphlet is such a valuable reference book that it is worth making it as accurate as possible. It is particularly important that the date of martyrdom should be correct. According to the official list, seven of the martyrs died on Sunday. This is extremely improbable. For six of these there is evidence for a different date. The following notes are concerned only with the sort of information that the pamphlet seeks to give.
The authorship of “News from Spayne and Holland” and its Bearing on the Genuineness of the Confessions of the Blessed Henry Walpole, S.J.
Authors: Rea W. F.
Published: February 2017

In an article contributed to “The Month” for November 1951 the present writer expressed doubt about the genuineness of the confessions which Henry Walpole is said to have written during his imprisonment in the Tower in 1594. These enigmatical confessions, which are in the Public Record Office, were published by Father Pollen in volume V of the Catholic Record Society Publication. In the article in “The Month” the present writer based his argument on the government’s failure to use such compromising confessions, on the absence in Walpole”s subsequent conduct and correspondence of any sign of such a moral collapse as these pages represent, and lastly on Walpole's apparent admission in the confessions that he translated and augmented “Philopater”, a remark so fantastic that Walpole could not have made it. For the development of these arguments I must refer my readers to the pages of “The Month”. What is here aimed at is to show that the book which Walpole really did “translate and augment” is the anonymous work, entitled “News from Spayne and Holland”.
Handlist of the Secular Clergy, 1559–1800
Authors: Burton E. H.
Published: February 2017

This handlist is compiled from the notes of the late Canon E.H. Burton, deposited after his death in the Westminster Archives. No attempt has been made to undertake the formidable task of checking Canon Burton’s references or of bringing them up to date. in some cases the sources which he used have been printed since he compiled his notes, e.g. The Valladolid Diary (C.R.S. Vol. 30), and Kirk's Biographies, 1909, One of the most valuable features of the list is that it contains references to the Archives of the English Chapter, which have generally been difficult of access. in cases where biographical notices have already been published, which appear to include all the material gathered by Canon Burton, and which are easily available, a mere reference is supplied to the published article. Instances of this procedure in the present instalment are the notices of John Abbot, and V. John Adams.
Geometric-progression-free sets over quadratic number fields
Authors: Best Andrew , Huan Karen , McNew Nathan , Miller Steven J. , Powell Jasmine , Tor Kimsy , Weinstein Madeleine
Published: February 2017

In Ramsey theory one wishes to know how large a collection of objects can be while avoiding a particular substructure. A problem of recent interest has been to study how large subsets of the natural numbers can be while avoiding three-term geometric progressions. Building on recent progress on this problem, we consider the analogous problem over quadratic number fields. We first construct high-density subsets of the algebraic integers of an imaginary quadratic number field that avoid three-term geometric progressions. When unique factorization fails, or over a real quadratic number field, we instead look at subsets of ideals of the ring of integers. Our approach here is to construct sets ‘greedily’, a generalization of the greedy set of rational integers considered by Rankin. We then describe the densities of these sets in terms of values of the Dedekind zeta function. Next, we consider geometric-progression-free sets with large upper density. We generalize an argument by Riddell to obtain upper bounds for the upper density of geometric-progression-free subsets, and construct sets avoiding geometric progressions with high upper density to obtain lower bounds for the supremum of the upper density of all such subsets. Both arguments depend critically on the elements with small norm in the ring of integers.
θ-continuity and Dθ-completion of posets
Authors: ZHANG ZHONGXI , LI QINGGUO , JIA XIAODONG
Published: February 2017

We introduce a new concept of continuity of posets, called θ-continuity. Topological characterizations of θ-continuous posets are put forward. We also present two types of dcpo-completion of posets which are Dθ-completion and Ds2-completion. Connections between these notions of continuity and dcpo-completions of posets are investigated. The main results are (1) a poset P is θ-continuous iff its θ-topology lattice is completely distributive iff it is a quasi θ-continuous and meet θ-continuous poset iff its Dθ-completion is a domain; (2) the Dθ-completion of a poset B is isomorphic to a domain L iff B is a θ-embedded basis of L; (3) if a poset P is θ-continuous, then the Dθ-completion Dθ(P) is isomorphic to the round ideal completion RI(P, ≪θ).
Eating frequency in relation to BMI in very young children: a longitudinal analysis
Authors: Taylor Rachael W , Iosua Ella , Heath Anne-Louise M , Gray Andrew R , Taylor Barry J , Lawrence Julie A , Hanna Maha , Cameron Sonya L , Sayers Rachel , Galland Barbara
Published: February 2017

Objective

Eating less frequently is associated with increased obesity risk in older children but data are potentially confounded by reverse causation, where bigger children eat less often in an effort to control their weight. Longitudinal data, particularly in younger children, are scarce. We aimed to determine whether eating frequency (meals and snacks) at 2 years of age is associated with past, current or subsequent BMI.

Design

Cohort analysis of a randomised controlled trial. Eating frequency at 2 years of age was estimated using 48 h diaries that recorded when each child ate meals and snacks (parent-defined) in five-minute blocks. Body length/height and weight were measured at 1, 2 and 3·5 years of age. Linear regression assessed associations between the number of eating occasions and BMI Z-score, before and after adjustment for potential confounding variables.

Setting

Prevention of Overweight in Infancy (POI) study, Dunedin, New Zealand.

Subjects

Children (n 371) aged 1–3·5 years.

Results

On average, children ate 5·5 (sd 1·2) times/d at 2 years of age, with most children (88–89 %) eating 4–7 times/d. Eating frequency at 2 years was not associated with current (difference in BMI Z-score per additional eating occasion; 95 % CI: −0·02; −0·10, 0·05) or subsequent change (0·02; −0·03, 0·06) in BMI. Similarly, BMI at age 1 year did not predict eating frequency at 2 years of age (difference in eating frequency per additional BMI Z-score unit; 95 % CI: −0·03; −0·19, 0·13).

Conclusions

Number of eating occasions per day was not associated with BMI in young children in the present study.
Endovenous ablation of refluxing saphenous and perforating veins
Authors: Proebstle Thomas , van den Bos Renate
Published: February 2017

Abstract. Since the end of the nineties endovenous thermal ablation and more recently non-thermal, non-tumescent techniques have been developed and improved. Until now, because of their favourable side effect profile in conjunction to sustained efficacy, in many countries they already replaced high ligation and stripping in the treatment of refluxing saphenous veins as well as for treatment of perforators and selected tributaries. Now, studies and comparative trials are available with long-term follow-ups for most of the techniques, providing valid data on occlusion and reflux rates, side effect profiles, and health related quality of life.
Interprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit Pflegefachpersonen und Ärzteschaft
Authors: Schärli Marianne , Müller Rita , Martin Jacqueline S. , Spichiger Elisabeth , Spirig Rebecca
Published: February 2017

Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Im klinischen Alltag stellt die interprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit zwischen Pflegefachpersonen und Ärzt(inn)en immer wieder eine Herausforderung dar. Quantitative oder qualitative Studien haben das Ziel, Erkenntnisse zu einer verbesserten Zusammenarbeit aufzuzeigen. Diese Erkenntnisse sind jedoch aus methodischen Gründen oft begrenzt. Ziel: Mittels Triangulation quantitativer und qualitativer Daten beschreibt diese Studie die interprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit aus Sicht der Pflegefachpersonen. Methode: Die Datenerhebung erfolgte in einem Mixed Methods-Design im Rahmen der interprofessionellen Sinergia DRG-Begleitforschung. Zunächst erfolgte eine separate Analyse der quantitativen und qualitativen Daten. Durch die Triangulation entstand in vier Schritten eine „Meta-Matrix“. Ergebnisse: Die „Meta-Matrix“ bildet alle relevanten quantitativen und qualitativen Ergebnisse sowie ihre Zusammenhänge modellähnlich auf einer Seite ab. Die Relevanz, die Einflussfaktoren sowie die Folgen der interprofessionellen Zusammenarbeit für Mitarbeitende, Patient(inn)en, Angehörige und Systeme werden deutlich. Schlussfolgerung: Die interprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit aus Sicht der Pflegefachpersonen in fünf Spitälern wird erstmals umfassend in einer „Meta-Matrix“ aufgezeigt. Die Folgen ungenügender Zusammenarbeit zwischen Pflegefachpersonen und Ärzt(inn)en sind beträchtlich, weshalb in interprofessionelle Konzepte investiert werden muss. Aus der „Meta-Matrix“ ist ersichtlich, welche Faktoren für die interprofessionelle Zusammenarbeit hinderlich bzw. förderlich sind.
ATF3 reduces migration capacity by regulation of matrix metalloproteinases via NFκB and STAT3 inhibition in glioblastoma
Authors: Guenzle Jessica , Wolf Louisa J , Garrelfs Nicklas W C , Goeldner Jonathan M , Osterberg Nadja , Schindler Cora R , Saavedra Joseph E , Weyerbrock Astrid
Published: February 2017

Glioblastoma is associated with poor survival and a high recurrence rate in patients due to inevitable uncontrolled infiltrative tumor growth. The elucidation of the molecular mechanisms may offer opportunities to prevent relapses. In this study we investigated the role of the activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) in migration of GBM cells in vitro. RNA microarray revealed that gene expression of ATF3 is induced by a variety of chemotherapeutics and experimental agents such as the nitric oxide donor JS-K (O2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl) 1-[(4-ethoxycarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl]diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate). We found NFκB and STAT3 to be downstream targets inhibited by overexpression of ATF3. We demonstrate that ATF3 is directly involved in the regulation of matrix metalloproteinase expression and activation. Overexpression of ATF3 therefore leads to a significantly reduced migration capacity and induction of tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases. Our study for the first time identifies ATF3 as a potential novel therapeutic target in glioblastoma.
Edge states and skyrmion dynamics in nanostripes of frustrated magnets
Authors: Leonov A. O. , Mostovoy M.
Published: February 2017

Magnetic skyrmions are particle-like topological excitations recently discovered in chiral magnets. Their small size, topological protection and the ease with which they can be manipulated by electric currents generated much interest in using skyrmions for information storage and processing. Recently, it was suggested that skyrmions with additional degrees of freedom can exist in magnetically frustrated materials. Here, we show that dynamics of skyrmions and antiskyrmions in nanostripes of frustrated magnets is strongly affected by complex spin states formed at the stripe edges. These states create multiple edge channels which guide the skyrmion motion. Non-trivial topology of edge states gives rise to complex current-induced dynamics, such as emission of skyrmion–antiskyrmion pairs. The edge-state topology can be controlled with an electric current through the exchange of skyrmions and antiskyrmions between the edges of a magnetic nanostructure.
Nur77 suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma via switching glucose metabolism toward gluconeogenesis through attenuating phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase sumoylation
Authors: Bian Xue-li , Chen Hang-zi , Yang Peng-bo , Li Ying-ping , Zhang Fen-na , Zhang Jia-yuan , Wang Wei-jia , Zhao Wen-xiu , Zhang Sheng , Chen Qi-tao , Zheng Yu , Sun Xiao-yu , Wang Xiao-min , Chien Kun-Yi , Wu Qiao
Published: February 2017

Gluconeogenesis, an essential metabolic process for hepatocytes, is downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here we show that the nuclear receptor Nur77 is a tumour suppressor for HCC that regulates gluconeogenesis. Low Nur77 expression in clinical HCC samples correlates with poor prognosis, and a Nur77 deficiency in mice promotes HCC development. Nur77 interacts with phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK1), the rate-limiting enzyme in gluconeogenesis, to increase gluconeogenesis and suppress glycolysis, resulting in ATP depletion and cell growth arrest. However, PEPCK1 becomes labile after sumoylation and is degraded via ubiquitination, which is augmented by the p300 acetylation of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme 9 (Ubc9). Although Nur77 attenuates sumoylation and stabilizes PEPCK1 via impairing p300 activity and preventing the Ubc9-PEPCK1 interaction, Nur77 is silenced in HCC samples due to Snail-mediated DNA methylation of the Nur77 promoter. Our study reveals a unique mechanism to suppress HCC by switching from glycolysis to gluconeogenesis through Nur77 antagonism of PEPCK1 degradation.