bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TDP-43 deficiency links Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis with R-loop homeostasis and R loop-mediated DNA damage
Authors: Gianini Marta , Sproviero Daisy , Bayona-Feliu Aleix , Cereda Cristina , Aguilera Andrés
Published: May 2020

TDP-43 is a DNA and RNA binding protein involved in RNA processing and with structural resemblance to heterogeneous ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs), whose depletion sensitizes neurons to double strand DNA breaks (DSBs). Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder, in which 97% of patients are familial and sporadic cases associated with TDP-43 proteinopathies and conditions clearing TDP-43 from the nucleus, but we know little about the molecular basis of the disease. Here, we prove that mislocalization of mutated TDP-43 (A382T) in transfected neuronal SH-SY5Y and lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) from an ALS patient cause R-loop accumulation, and R loop-dependent increased DSBs and Fanconi Anemia repair centers. Similar results were observed in a non-neuronal model of HeLa cells depleted of TDP-43. These results uncover a new role of TDP-43 in the control of co-transcriptional R-loops and the maintenance of genome integrity by preventing harmful R-loop accumulation. Our findings thus link TDP-43 pathology to increased R-loops and R loop-mediated DNA damage opening the possibility that R-loop modulation in TDP-43-defective cells might help develop ALS therapies.
DONSON, a gene responsible for microcephalic primordial dwarfism, ensures proper centriole duplication cycle by maintaining centriole engagement during interphase
Authors: Matsuhashi Kyohei , Watanabe Koki , Ito Kei K. , Chinen Takumi , Hata Shoji , Stewart Grant S. , Kitagawa Daiju
Published: May 2020

Microcephalic primordial dwarfism (MPD) is a genetic disorder characterized by short stature and microcephaly. MPD-related genes are known to regulate centrosome biogenesis, DNA replication or the DNA damage response. Although some of the MPD-related proteins that are implicated in DNA replication localize to centrosomes, how these proteins affect centrosome biogenesis remains mostly elusive. Here, we revisit the potential function of these DNA replication mediators in human centrosome biogenesis. Among these proteins, depletion of DONSON leads to excessive number of centrosomes in interphase, caused by precocious centriole disengagement. Such disengaged centrioles are converted to centrosomes, followed by centriole reduplication during interphase. These extra centrosomes lead to abnormal spindle formation and chromosome segregation errors. Importantly, similar defects are observed in MPD patients’ cells withDONSONmutations, suggesting a possible cause of the disease. Overall, these results indicate that DONSON is involved in regulating the centriole duplication cycle by ensuring the maintenance of centriole engagement during interphase.
Pioneer factor GAF cooperates with PBAP and NURF to regulate transcription
Authors: Judd Julius , Duarte Fabiana M. , Lis John T.
Published: May 2020

Transcriptionally silent genes must be activated throughout development. This requires nucleosomes be removed from promoters and enhancers to allow transcription factor binding (TFs) and recruitment of coactivators and RNA Polymerase II (Pol II). Specialized pioneer TFs bind nucleosome-wrapped DNA to perform this chromatin opening by mechanisms that remain incompletely understood1–3. Here, we show that GAGA-factor (GAF), aDrosophilapioneer factor4, interacts with both SWI/SNF and ISWI family chromatin remodelers to allow recruitment of Pol II and entry to a promoter-proximal paused state, and also to promote Pol II’s transition to productive elongation. We found that GAF functions with PBAP (SWI/SNF) to open chromatin and allow Pol II to be recruited. Importantly this activity is not dependent on NURF as previously proposed5–7; however, GAF also functions with NURF downstream of this process to ensure efficient Pol II pause release and transition to productive elongation apparently through its role in precisely positioning the +1 nucleosome. These results demonstrate how a single sequence-specific pioneer TF can synergize with remodelers to activate sets of genes. Furthermore, this behavior of remodelers is consistent with findings in yeast8–10and mice11–13, and likely represents general, conserved mechanisms found throughout Eukarya.
Multiplexed measurement of variant abundance and activity reveals VKOR topology, active site and human variant impact
Authors: Chiasson Melissa A. , Rollins Nathan J. , Stephany Jason J. , Sitko Katherine A. , Matreyek Kenneth A. , Verby Marta , Sun Song , Roth Frederick P. , DeSloover Daniel , Marks Debora , Rettie Allan E. , Fowler Douglas M.
Published: May 2020

Vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKOR) drives the vitamin K cycle, activating vitamin K-dependent blood clotting factors. VKOR is also the target of the widely used anticoagulant drug, warfarin Despite VKOR’s pivotal role in coagulation, its structure and active site remain poorly understood. In addition, VKOR variants can cause vitamin K-dependent clotting factor deficiency 2 or alter warfarin response. Here, we used multiplexed, sequencing-based assays to measure the effects of 2,695 VKOR missense variants on abundance and 697 variants on activity in cultured human cells. The large-scale functional data, along with an evolutionary coupling analysis, supports a four transmembrane domain topology, with variants in transmembrane domains exhibiting strongly deleterious effects on abundance and activity. Functionally constrained regions of the protein define the active site, and we find that, of four conserved cysteines putatively critical for function, only three are absolutely required. Finally, 25% of human VKOR missense variants show reduced abundance or activity, possibly conferring warfarin sensitivity or causing disease.
Synthetic Maturation of Multilineage Human Liver Organoids via Genetically Guided Engineering
Authors: Velazquez Jeremy J. , LeGraw Ryan , Moghadam Farzaneh , Tan Yuqi , Kilbourne Jacquelyn , Hislop Joshua , Liu S , Cats Davy , Chuva de Sousa Lopes Susana M. , Plaisier Christopher , Cahan Patrick , Kiani Samira , Ebrahimkhani Mo R.
Published: May 2020

Pluripotent stem cell (PSC)-derived organoids are emerging as novel human-based microphysiological models but display immature phenotypes with limited subsets of endothelial or stromal cells. Here we demonstrate thatin vitromanipulation of gene regulatory networks (GRNs) in PSC-derived liver organoids selected either through computational analysis or targeted tissue design can advance tissue maturationin vitro. Through an unbiased comparison with the genetic signature of mature livers, we identify downregulated GRNs in fetal liver organoids compared to adult livers. We demonstrate that overexpression ofPROX1andATF5, together with targeted CRISPR-based transcriptional activation of endogenousCYP3A4, drives maturationin vitro. Single cell analyses reveal hepatobiliary-, endothelial-, and stellate-like cell populations. The engineered organoids demonstrate enhanced vasculogenesis, capture native liver characteristics (e.g. FXR signaling, CYP3A4 activity), and exhibit therapeutic potential in mice. Collectively, our approach provides a genetically guided framework for engineering developmentally advanced multilineage tissues from hiPSCs.

HIGHLIGHTS

In vitrotissue maturation via genetically encoded molecular programs

Computational analysis to identify maturation transcription factors in liver organoids

Promoting vascularization of organoids via genetically encoded molecular programs

Single cell analysis of parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells

Modeling of native liver functions andin vivotherapeutic potential

Graphical Abstract
The association between health-related individual traits and dairy avoidance
Authors: Mishali Moshe , Kisner Mirit , Tal Naama
Published: May 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this research is to examine whether health-related personal traits such as hypochondriasis, health behavior and health locus of control can predict dairy avoidance.

Design/methodology/approach

The empirical study took place in Israel. The researchers administered questionnaires to gather self-reported data concerning the consumption dairy products in general without making a distinction among different types of dairy (fermented/nonfermented, low fat/high fat etc.). A random sample of 77 participants was recruited from among students at the University of Haifa, after culling out those who declared to have been medically diagnosed with lactose intolerance or dairy allergy.

Findings

High health behavior scores were associated with increased likelihood of avoiding milk and dairy products by a factor of 3.92 (OR = 3.92, 95% CI: 1.54–10.02, p = 0.004), whereas external health locus of control was associated with decreased likelihood of shunning milk and dairy (OR = 0.136, 95% CI: 0.032–0.580, p = 0.007). The connection between hypochondriasis and milk avoidance turned out insignificant.

Practical implications

The medical establishment should devise ways, means and measures to purvey well-established dietary guidelines for those who are willing to make an effort and invest in their health.

Originality/value

This study adds to the burgeoning body of literature seeking to relate personal traits or individual characteristics to a host of lifestyle choices. The most salient finding is that many individuals who perform an array of behaviors they deem beneficial to their health and well-being in an attempt to exercise control over their health, paradoxically run the risk of making uninformed lifestyle decisions including dietary choices – ones that might prove detrimental to their health over the long haul.
Dietary supplements versus functional foods: consumers' attitudes to their consumption
Authors: Chaloupkova Petra , Petrtyl Miloslav , Verner Vladimir , Kokoska Ladislav
Published: May 2020

Purpose

The popularity of dietary supplements (DSs) and functional foods (FFs) is currently widespread worldwide. In general, European countries represent one of the most important markets for both two groups; however, regional differences were reported in their consumption and preferences. The main objective was to determine the attitudes of Czech adult consumers towards DSs and FFs and to find out which ones are most commonly used and for what reasons.

Design/methodology/approach

The data were collected from 1,049 respondents using a questionnaire survey. A Pearson Chi-squared test was used to determine the association between consumer preferences and selected socio-economic characteristics. A multiple correspondence analysis was used to compare relations among 13 categories of DSs and FFs and the socio-demographic variables.

Findings

The authors’ findings showed a high prevalence of awareness regarding the terms DSs and FFs (79%) and use (99%) of both these categories among the respondents. Data indicated that average consumption of FFs was slightly higher (56.7%) than that of DSs (48.6%). The most popular FFs were identified as dietary fibre, unsaturated fatty acids, followed by probiotics and prebiotics, whereas vitamins, minerals and herbal products were mentioned as the most preferred DSs. The most frequent reasons for consumption of both food products were stress relief, digestive care and immunity boosting.

Originality/value

The authors report for the first time on consumer attitudes to and preferences for the use of DSs and FFs. The findings can contribute to an understanding of general attitudes and preferences regarding both food categories in the EU population.
Are all innovation modes beneficial to firms’ innovation performance? New findings from an emerging market
Authors: Hu Shilei , Wang Xiaohong , Zhang Ben
Published: May 2020

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the influence of individual and combined effects of the mode focused on scientific and technological-based innovation (STI) and the mode based on learning by doing, by using and by interacting (DUI) on firms’ innovation performance and whether information technology (IT) moderates the relation between different innovation modes and firms’ innovation performance.

Design/methodology/approach

A conceptual model linking innovation modes, IT (including IT infrastructure and the frequency of IT usage) and firms’ innovation performance was developed, and the proposed hypotheses were tested empirically using World Bank’s micro survey data collected from manufacturing firms in an emerging market (China).

Findings

The results show that individually both STI mode of innovation and DUI mode of innovation have a significant positive effect on firms’ innovative performance, whereas the combined STI and DUI mode of innovation has a negative impact. IT infrastructure moderates the relation between STI (or STI and DUI) mode of innovation and firms’ innovation performance, while the frequency of IT usage has no moderating effects on the relationship between any kind of innovation modes and firms’ innovation performance.

Research limitations/implications

Although some results are quite different from what is expected, these are insightful for both academics and policymakers. The use of cross-sectional data has its limitations. Therefore, future studies based on longitudinal data should be conducted. This study points toward the need to conduct the meta-analysis to better explain the existing inconsistencies in the findings of relevant quantitative studies.

Practical implications

This study provides firm managers with practical implications. The conclusions of this study imply that the impact of the combined STI and DUI mode of innovation is likely to be contextual, so firms should make contingent decisions on whether to engage in STI mode of innovation and DUI mode of innovation simultaneously according to their own organizational conditions. Moreover, face-to-face contacts are particularly important when a firm engages in DUI mode of innovation. In addition, the focus of IT strategy of firms engaged in STI mode of innovation should be on perfecting their IT infrastructure rather than increasing the frequency of IT usage.

Originality/value

This paper provides new evidence for the relation between business innovation modes and firms’ innovation performance, and it is one of the few empirical studies that focus on emerging markets. More importantly, this paper proposes a persuasive explanation framework for understanding the heterogeneous impacts of the combined STI and DUI mode of innovation on firms’ innovation performance. This is the first study that examines the moderating effect of IT on the relationship between business innovation modes and a firm’s innovation performance.
Parametric dependence of lightning impulse behavior of grounding electrodes buried in a dispersive and ionized lossy soil under first- and subsequent-stroke currents
Authors: Sajadi Seyed Sajad , Ostadzadeh Saeed Reza , Sadeghi Seyed Hossein Hesamedin
Published: May 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the simultaneous effects of ionization and dispersion of soil on the impulse behavior of grounding electrodes under first and subsequent stroke currents.

Design/methodology/approach

A recently introduced technique called improved multi-conductor transmission line (MTL) is simplified for grounding electrodes buried in both-affected soils.

Findings

The simulation results show that including the two effects simultaneously in highly resistive soils under high-valued subsequent stroke current is recommended. Otherwise, simultaneous effects can be disregard.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, there is no research on sensitivity analyses for the simultaneous inclusion of the two effects on the effective length and the induced voltage on the soil surface. To this end, the simplified MTL is applied to the grounding electrodes. The simulation results show that the computational efficiency in comparison with previous methods is, first, considerably increased. Second, the simultaneous effects result in decreasing the soil surface voltage with respect to situations where either ionization or dispersion is taken into account (single-affected soils). In other words, the performance of grounding systems is improved. Third, the effective length in both-affected soil is has a middle value with respect to the single-affected soil. Such findings practically and financially are of importance.
Social media recruitment: the role of credibility and satisfaction
Authors: Muduli Ashutosh , Trivedi Jeegnesh J.
Published: May 2020

Purpose

The increased popularity of social media has been prompting the recruitment managers to use social media recruitment. Very little has been studied on the effectiveness of social media recruitment from the recruiter's perspective. Influenced by the diffusion of innovation theory, the study measures the usefulness of social media recruitment through various prehire and posthire recruitment outcomes. The study also used the media richness theory to examine the role of credibility and satisfaction as a mediating variable.

Design/methodology/approach

Data has been collected from the recruiters in the public and private sector of India. Available literature is studied to develop survey instrument validated through experts from industry and academia. Pilot study was conducted to test for any construct weaknesses. Data is analyzed using AMOS.

Findings

The study result proved that social media recruitment is significantly related to both prehire outcomes and posthire outcomes. The result also proved the mediating effect of credibility and satisfaction and suggests recruitment practitioner to emphasize on disseminating credible, relevant and sufficient information through suitable communication mode.

Practical implications

HR professional to be careful about the information provided through a social media recruitment method. Practitioner to establish credibility of the information to create a sense of satisfaction by the applicants toward the information. Thus, as the information becomes more credible, the attraction to the organization also increases, which in turn results in more applicants applying for the job.

Originality/value

This is the first quantitative study to examine effectiveness of social media recruitment under the influence of mediator – credibility and satisfaction considering the data from the recruiters.
“New managerialism” in higher education: the case of United Arab Emirates
Authors: Ajayan Shalini , Balasubramanian Sreejith
Published: May 2020

Purpose

The aim of this study is to assess the managerial practices in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) higher education sector through the lens of “new managerialism”.

Design/methodology/approach

An extensive review of new managerialism literature in higher education was conducted to develop a structured survey questionnaire. Using 176 useable responses obtained from the country-wide survey of academic staff, the underlying factor structure of new managerialism was first established using exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and then ANOVA was carried out to check whether there existed any difference in the six factors as well as for the individual items within each factor across the three types of Universities in the UAE, namely public universities, private-local owned universities and private-foreign owned universities.

Findings

The study unearthed a six-factor framework (monitoring and evaluation, transparency, bureaucracy, stakeholder engagement, research productivity and academic freedom and flexibility) of new managerialism comprising of 20 managerial practices. Of the six factors, significant difference was found for bureaucracy, stakeholder engagement and academic freedom and flexibility across different types of universities.

Originality/value

In terms of novelty, the study is the first attempt to explore new managerialism in higher education in the Middle Eastern context.
Vertical seismic response analysis of long-span composite open-web grid floor
Authors: Yang Qizhu , Ma Kejian , Zhang Huagang , Wei Yanhui , Xiang Ze
Published: May 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study the dynamic characteristics and seismic performance of the composite open-web grid floor structure.

Design/methodology/approach

Studied by using mode-superposition response spectrum method and time history analysis method.

Findings

The results show that the vertical mode-superposition response spectrum method is close to the time history analysis method. The floor has strong seismic performance, and the deflection and internal force are not large under vertical seism. The vertical seismic action suggested that 10% of the representative value of gravity load should be used to ensure the safety of the structure.

Originality/value

In the design, the mid-span section should be properly strengthened or the variable section design should be adopted.
An exploration of the professional and leader identity of IT professionals transitioning to a permanent hybrid role: a longitudinal investigation
Authors: Smith Sally , Garavan Thomas N. , Munro Anne , Ramsey Elaine , Smith Colin F. , Varey Alison
Published: May 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to explore the role of professional and leader identity and the maintenance of identity, through identity work as IT professionals transitioned to a permanent hybrid role. This study therefore contributes to the under-researched area of permanent transition to a hybrid role in the context of IT, where there is a requirement to enact both the professional and leader roles together.

Design/methodology/approach

The study utilised a longitudinal design and two qualitative methods (interviews and reflective diaries) to gather data from 17 IT professionals transitioning to hybrid roles.

Findings

The study findings reveal that IT professionals engage in an ongoing process of reconciliation of professional and leader identity as they transition to a permanent hybrid role, and they construct hybrid professional–leader identities while continuing to value their professional identity. They experience professional–leader identity conflict resulting from reluctance to reconcile both professional and leader identities. They used both integration and differentiation identity work tactics to ameliorate these tensions.

Originality/value

The longitudinal study design, the qualitative approaches used and the unique context of the participants provide a dynamic and deep understanding of the challenges involved in performing hybrid roles in the context of IT.
Preferential tariffs and development of Norwegian rose import from Africa
Authors: Medin Hege , Bachke Maren Elise
Published: May 2020

Purpose

Imports of cut roses increased after Norway implemented a preferential tariff scheme for the least developed countries in 2002. When the scheme was extended to more countries in 2008 – among them Kenya – imports exploded. This article studies the subsequent changes in supply channels, import costs and the way Norwegian firms imported.

Design/methodology/approach

Qualitative data, obtained through interviews among five rose importers, are combined with quantitative data for all importing firms and transactions in Norway for the years 2003–2014. These data are analysed in light of recent economic theories on international trade.

Findings

When Kenya was included in the scheme, imports from Europe and domestic production in Norway decreased substantially. Imports from some African countries with low income levels also declined. Importing under GSP involves high fixed import costs due to stringent procedures. Each firm's imports increased gradually, and over time learning may have facilitated importing. Direct trade with African producers and control over the logistics chain seem to have become more important.

Research limitations/implications

The analysis builds mainly on data for Norwegian importers, not for African exporters.

Practical implications

Simplifying the GSP procedures could increase Norwegian imports from developing countries and induce establishment of new trade relationships, perhaps also for other products than roses.

Originality/value

Using a mixture of original qualitative data as well as unique, detailed and comprehensive quantitative data, the article provides new insights into how preferential tariff reductions for developing countries’ exports to a developed country affect trade and buyer–supplier relationships.
Central government property asset management: a review of international changes
Authors: Kaganova Olga , Amoils Judith Meira
Published: May 2020

Purpose

There is shortage of global research on asset management (AM) by various central governments. This paper aims at reducing this gap.

Design/methodology/approach

This general review is based on literature, published government documents, agendas of specialized membership organizations (considered through the qualitative thematic analysis) and the authors’ experiences in advising governments on AM in 30 countries. The study focuses on three topics of recurrent interest among governments and AM experts: drivers of change and response trends; organizational models and attributes of good governance at public AM organizations. It also discusses whether the examined practices conform with New Public Management (NPM).

Findings

The paper identifies five key international drivers of change: austerity measures; an increased focus on performance management; changes in political and ideological agendas; technology and business operations changes; and the environmental sustainability agenda. It analyses response trends to these drivers, both positive and negative. Five dimensions of organizational settings that are important for AM are identified, demonstrating the great diversity of practices. The paper outlines governance elements specific to government AM and illustrates related challenges. It also shows that while current AM typically conforms with NPM, there are notable deviations, such as low corporatization and recentralization of AM.

Research limitations/implications

This paper is a broad review; in-depth study of specific aspects is left for further research.

Originality/value

The paper introduces new empirical knowledge about AM approaches at central governments into research discourse, with a broad thematic coverage not achieved before; contributes to the discussion of some hot underexplored topics; hypothesizes why current AM practices deviate from NPM doctrines; and provides unique insights for AM practitioners.
A hybrid approach for selecting sustainable suppliers and determining order allocation based on interval type-2 fuzzy sets
Authors: Çalık Ahmet
Published: May 2020

Purpose

This study aims to create a model for defining the best supplier for a company and allocating order that considers sustainability criteria beyond the traditional selection criteria.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, sustainable supplier Selection and order allocation (SSS and OA) problem is managed based on a multiobjective linear programming (MOLP) model that incorporates sustainability dimensions. First, an interval type-2 fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) method is applied for the main criteria and subcriteria to determine the weight of the selected criteria. Then, these values are used to convert the proposed MOLP model into a single-objective model.

Findings

The economic criterion (0.438) was the most important criterion for SSS in the agricultural machinery sector, followed by the social criterion (0.333) and the environmental criterion (0.229).

Practical implications

The results show that the proposed framework can be utilized by the agricultural machinery industry for SSS and OA.

Originality/value

The proposed framework provides to develop an integrated model by interval type-2 fuzzy sets for SSS and OA, taking into account the relationships between qualitative and quantitative evaluation criteria with different priorities. The validity of the developed model is confirmed by a case study of the agricultural machinery industry in Turkey.
Plastic card circumvention an infirmity of authenticity and authorization
Authors: Khattri Vipin , Nayak Sandeep Kumar , Singh Deepak Kumar
Published: May 2020

Purpose

Currency usage either in the physical or electronic marketplace through chip-based or magnetic strip-based plastic card becoming the vulnerable point for the handlers. Proper education and awareness can only thrive when concrete fraud detection techniques are being suggested together with potential mitigation possibilities. The purpose of this research study is tendering in the same direction with a suitable plan of action in developing the authentication strength metric to give weightage marks for authentication techniques.

Design/methodology/approach

In this research study, a qualitative in-depth exploration approach is being adapted for a better description, interpretation, conceptualization for attaining exhaustive insights into specific notions. A concrete method of observation is being adopted to study various time boxed reports on plastic card fraud and its possible impacts. Content and narrative analysis are being followed to interpret more qualitative and less quantitative story about existing fraud detection techniques. Moreover, an authentication strength metric is being developed on the basis of time, cost and human interactions.

Findings

The archived data narrated in various published research articles represent the local and global environment and the need for plastic card money. It gives the breathing sense and capabilities in the marketplace. The authentication strength metric gives a supporting hand for more solidification of the authentication technique with respect to the time, cost and human ease.

Practical implications

The research study is well controlled and sufficient interpretive. The empirical representation of authentication technique and fraud detection technique identification and suggestive mitigation gives this research study an implication view for the imbibing research youths. An application and metric based pathway of this research study provides a smoother way to tackle futuristic issues and challenges.

Originality/value

This research study represents comprehensive knowledge about the causes of the notion of plastic card fraud. The authentication strength metric represents the novelty of a research study which produced on the basis of rigorous documentary and classified research analysis. The creativity of the research study is rendering the profound and thoughtful reflection of the novel dimension in the same domain.
Probability of mergers and acquisitions deal failure
Authors: Tanna Sailesh , Yousef Ibrahim , Nnadi Matthias
Published: May 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether the probability of deal success/failure in mergers and acquisitions (M&As) transactions is influenced by a range of deal, firm and country-specific characteristics which tend to affect acquirers’ shareholder returns. The specific hypotheses under investigation relate to the method of payment (cash versus stock), target status (listed versus non-listed), diversification (domestic versus cross-border and industry-wide) and acquirers’ prior bidding experience. Additionally, the authors also investigate whether announced deals reflect an expectation about likelihood of deal completion.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors analyse the probability of deal success/failure in M&As by combining event study and probit regression-based methods. The authors use the standard event study methodology to calculate acquirers’ abnormal returns for up to 10 days before and after the announcement date. In the probit model, the dependent variable is the probability of deal i being failure depending on four sets of explanatory variables: method of payment, target status, diversification and acquirer bidding experience, along with a set of control variables.

Findings

The findings from event study confirm that market reaction is indifferent to whether announced deals are likely to be successfully completed or not, consistent with the efficient markets hypothesis. However, the results from cross-sectional, cross-country regressions confirm that the aforementioned deal characteristics, as well as certain firm and country level attributes do influence the likelihood of whether an announced deal is subsequently completed or terminated.

Originality/value

In examining whether the specific characteristics affecting the likelihood that M&A transactions, once announced, will ultimately succeed or fail, it seems natural to ask whether the market reaction at the time of deal announcement reflects an expectation regarding deal completion. This could be associated with specific deal or firm-level characteristics influencing shareholder returns or risk, and represents a unique contribution of this study, over and above the use of a global sample of M&A data. The empirical analysis investigates these issues by using an extensive, global sample of 46,758 M&A transactions from 180 countries and 80 industries, which took place between the years 1977 and 2012.
Clustering consumers' shopping journeys: eye tracking fashion m-retail
Authors: Tupikovskaja-Omovie Zofija , Tyler David
Published: May 2020

Purpose

Despite the rapid adoption of smartphones among digital fashion consumers, their attitude to retailers' mobile apps and websites is one of increasing dissatisfaction. This suggests that understanding how mobile consumers use smartphones for fashion shopping is important in developing digital shopping platforms that fulfil consumer' expectations.

Design/methodology/approach

For this research, mobile eye-tracking technology was employed in order to develop unique shopping journeys for 30 consumers, using fashion retailers' websites on smartphones, documenting their differences and similarities in browsing and purchasing behaviour.

Findings

Based on scan path visualisations and observed shopping experiences, three prominent mobile shopping journeys and shopper types were identified: “directed by retailer's website”, “efficient self-selected journey” and “challenging shopper”. These prominent behaviour patterns were used to characterise mixed cluster behaviours; three distinct mixed clusters were identified, namely, “extended self-selected journey”, “challenging shoppers directed by retailer's website” and “focused challenging shopper”.

Research limitations/implications

This research argues that mobile consumers can be segmented based on their activities and behaviours on the mobile website. Knowing the prominent shopping behaviour types any other complex behaviour patterns can be identified, analysed and described.

Practical implications

The findings of this research can be used in developing personalised shopping experiences on smartphones by feeding these shopper types into retailers' digital marketing strategy and artificial intelligence (AI) systems.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to consumer behaviour literature by proposing a novel mobile consumer segmentation approach based on detailed shopping journey analysis using mobile eye-tracking technology.
Investigating the impact of networking capability on firm innovation performance: using the resource-action-performance framework
Authors: Garousi Mokhtarzadeh Nima , Amoozad Mahdiraji Hannan , Jafarpanah Ismail , Jafari-Sadeghi Vahid , Cardinali Silvio
Published: May 2020

Purpose

The experience of successful firms has proven that one of the most important ways to promote co-learning and create successful networked innovations is the proper application of inter-organizational knowledge mechanisms. This study aims to use a resource-action-performance framework to open the black box on the relationship between networking capability and innovation performance. The research population embraces companies in the Iranian automotive industry.

Design/methodology/approach

Due to the latent nature of the variables studied, the required data are collected through a web-based cross-sectional survey. First, the content validity of the measurement tool is evaluated by experts. Then, a pre-test is conducted to assess the reliability of the measurement tool. All data are gathered by the Iranian Vehicle Manufacturers Association (IVMA) and Iranian Auto Parts Manufacturers Association (IAPMA) samples. The power analysis method and G*Power software are used to determine the sample size. Moreover, SmartPLS 3 and IBM SPSS 25 software are used for data analysis of the conceptual model and relating hypotheses.

Findings

The results of this study indicated that the relationships between networking capability, inter-organizational knowledge mechanisms and inter-organizational learning result in a self-reinforcing loop, with a marked impact on firm innovation performance.

Originality/value

Since there is little understanding of the interdependencies of networking capability, inter-organizational knowledge mechanisms, co-learning and their effect on firm innovation performance, most previous research studies have focused on only one or two of the above-mentioned variables. Thus, their cumulative effect has not examined yet. Looking at inter-organizational relationships from a network perspective and knowledge-based view (KBV), and to consider the simultaneous effect of knowledge mechanisms and learning as intermediary actions alongside, to consider the performance effect of the capability-building process, are the main advantages of this research.
Does intellectual capital disclosure affect the cost of equity capital? An empirical analysis in the integrated reporting context
Authors: Salvi Antonio , Vitolla Filippo , Raimo Nicola , Rubino Michele , Petruzzella Felice
Published: May 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of intellectual capital disclosure on the cost of equity capital in the context of integrated reporting, which represents the ultimate frontier in the field of corporate disclosure.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors employ content analysis to measure intellectual capital disclosure levels along with a panel analysis on a sample of 164 integrated reports.

Findings

Empirical outcomes indicate that intellectual capital disclosure levels have a significantly negative association with the cost of equity capital.

Originality/value

This study's major contribution lies in its originality in terms of empirical examination of the relationship between intellectual capital disclosure in integrated reports and the cost of equity capital.
Digital mastery in Indonesia: the organization and individual contrast
Authors: Nasution Reza Ashari , Arnita Devi , Rusnandi Linda Sendy Lediana , Qodariah Elis , Rudito Priyantono , Sinaga Mardi Fretdi Natalina
Published: May 2020

Purpose

Our research objective here is to contribute theoretically and empirically to providing a gap model of digital mastery development in a company. The gap model will be a reference for the companies to develop their digital mastery.

Design/methodology/approach

To gain deeper insights into the study, a mixed method of qualitative and quantitative was performed. The level of digital mastery of the organization was determined using quantitative techniques through a self-assessment questionnaire. Meanwhile, digital mastery at the individual level was measured by a qualitative method using an open-ended (essay format) survey questions.

Findings

The findings show a stark difference between the organization and individual regarding their digital mastery level. At the end of the paper, the authors suggest some remedies that will help those companies narrowing the gap and fulfill the agenda of their digital transformation.

Research limitations/implications

Further research should analyze more industries or companies, conducting case studies to discover more detailed findings as to where the gaps are located or conducting digital readiness and leadership skills at the individual level to discover the direction of development of digital technology in a company. We expect this research can be replicated in other countries, so that wider general insights into the development of digital technology may be obtained.

Practical implications

Upper-area companies are indicated by their execution of partial digital initiative in the company which results in the lack of socialization of the ongoing digital activities into the individual level. Companies, especially Top Management, need to develop more knowledge about digital application and transformation to every individual in the company. Meanwhile, lower-area companies should improve their engagement across all organization members. The companies should be able to take advantage of their existing employees who possess knowledge in digital application and transformation and generated various artifacts to motivate other employees to jointly transform the organization into a Digital Master.

Originality/value

Our study compares the perception toward digital mastery at the organization and individual levels. Both levels are different and need to be compared, as suggested by Schuchmann and Seufert (2015) and Hinings et al. (2018). Comparison at both levels does not exist at the time of this study. Accordingly, what problems and challenges are faced by companies undergoing a digital transformation will largely remain unknown.
The effects of need for cognition, gender, risk preferences and marketing education on entrepreneurial intentions
Authors: Estelami Hooman
Published: May 2020

Purpose

Entrepreneurial aspirations are essential to the creation and survival of many businesses and to the economic development of nations. Understanding the drivers of entrepreneurial intentions is therefore of central importance from both academic and public policy perspectives. This study aims to explore how entrepreneurial intentions are affected by an individual’s need for cognition (NFC), gender, risk preferences and educational profile.

Design/methodology/approach

Using survey data from 668 individuals, the effects of the above factors are empirically established and the mediating role of decision confidence is also examined.

Findings

The results indicate that NFC, gender and risk preferences affect entrepreneurial intentions. Furthermore cross-disciplinary differences in entrepreneurial intentions are found within the different sub-disciplines of business.

Research limitations/implications

This paper expands the current body of literature by exploring the combined NFC with risk preferences and gender, on individuals’ entrepreneurial intentions. Furthermore, the entrepreneurial intentions of marketing majors are also contrasted with those of other majors.

Practical implications

The findings of the study identify drivers of entrepreneurial intentions and their varying effects. The results can assist in the development and customization of training programs for entrepreneurs.

Originality/value

To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first study to examine the combined effects of NFC, gender, risk preferences and educational profile on entrepreneurial intentions.
Preparation of silver nanoparticles using atmospheric discharge plasma for catalytic reduction of p-nitrophenol: the influence of pressure in the reactor
Authors: Skiba Margarita , Vorobyova Viktoria , Pivovarov Alexander , Trus Inna
Published: May 2020

Purpose

This paper aims to synthesize silver nanoparticles using atmospheric discharge plasma in contact with liquid at different pressure in reactor and to assess their catalytical properties for reducing 4-nanoparticles (NP).

Design/methodology/approach

The Ag colloidal NPs was rapidly synthesized as a result of non-equilibrium low-temperature plasma formation between an electrode and the surface of AgNO3 solution for 5 min at different pressure in reactor. Synthesized Ag NPs were characterized with common analytical techniques. Ultraviolet–visible (UV) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, scanning microcopy analysis were used to study the formation and characteristics of silver nanoparticles.

Findings

The formation of silver colloidal solutions under plasma discharge at different pressure in reactor is characterized by the presence of surface resonance peak in the spectra. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images confirmed the formation of spherical particles having a size distribution in the range of 15-26 nm. The AgNPs solution showed excellent rapid catalytic activity for the complete degradation of toxic 4-nitrophenol (4-NPh) into non-toxic 4-aminophenol (4-APh) within 18 min.

Research limitations/implications

Further studies are necessary for confirmation of the practical application, especially of deposition Ag NPs on TiO2.

Practical implications

The method provides a simple and practical solution to improving the synthesis of colloidal solutions of Ag NPs for degradation of organic pollutants (4-NPh) in water and wasters water.

Originality/value

Atmospheric discharge plasma in contact with liquid at different pressure can be used as an effective technique for synthesis of nanomaterials with catalytic properties.
Environmental disclosure in corporate websites: a study in Brazil and USA companies
Authors: Rosa Portella Anastácia , Borba José Alonso
Published: May 2020

Purpose

The internet allows much corporate information to be instantly accessed from anywhere, at any time. To better inform the more diverse stakeholders, companies have used their websites as another tool for disclosure. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the area of environmental accounting, as it investigates whether the companies located in different countries, from different sectors, in different stages of development and regulatory environments present different levels of environmental disclosure and to explain the environmental disclosure extension on corporate websites of companies in Brazil and the USA through corporate characteristics.

Design/methodology/approach

To achieve such purpose, an environmental disclosure index (EDI) was created and a model was used to investigate whether the variables environmental performance, size, profitability, debt, sector and country explain the disclosure on the website.

Findings

It was pointed that US companies stood out compared to Brazilian companies throughout the EDI. On the one hand, the statistical model suggests that the variables, namely, organization size, sector and country of origin of the company, explain the environmental disclosure in corporate website, whereas the profitability and debt variables were not significant in the model. On the other hand, the environmental performance variable proved to be significant; however, it was contrary to what was expected from the theory of legitimacy, once a negative relation between environmental disclosure and environmental performance is expected.

Originality/value

It is considered that transnational studies on corporate environmental responsibility can improve the understanding and eventually explain the difference of this disclosure.
Characterization of a carbonate reservoir using elastic full‐waveform inversion of vertical seismic profile data
Authors: Takougang Eric M. Takam , Ali Mohammed Y. , Bouzidi Youcef , Bouchaala Fateh , Sultan Akmal A. , Mohamed Aala I.
Published: May 2020

Two‐dimensional elastic full waveform inversion was applied to two lines extracted from a spiral three‐dimensional vertical seismic profile data acquired in an oilfield offshore, Abu Dhabi, in the United Arab Emirates. The lines were selected to be parallel and perpendicular to the plane defined by the deviated borehole. The purpose of the inversion was to derive high‐resolution elastic properties of the subsurface. After pre‐processing, the data were band‐pass filtered with a minimum frequency of 3.5 Hz and a maximum frequency of 30 Hz. A sequential inversion approach was used to mitigate non‐linearity. The pre‐processing of the data consisted in the removal of bad traces, followed by amplitude and phase corrections. High‐resolution P‐ and S‐wave velocity models that show good correlations with the available sonic logs were obtained. The results of the inversion suggest that the oilfield consists of a stack of layers with varying lithology, porosity and possibly fluid content.