bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“The Orphanage Was Maintained at the Expense of Peasants.” Documents on the Fates of Children during the German Occupation of the Western Districts of the Kalinin Region: 1941–44
Authors:   Tver State Technical University, Tver, Russian Federation, Bolokina Lyubov A.
Published: April 2023

In recent decades, Russian historians have shown considerable interest in studying the everyday life of Soviet citizens who found themselves in the territories temporarily occupied by the enemy during the Great Patriotic War. However, there are few scientific works on the daily life of children and adolescents in the zone of occupation. The development of this theme comes hand in hand with addressing new sources. The publication is to introduce into scientific use some archival documents containing information on the lives of orphans in the occupied Western districts of the Kalinin region (now part of the Pskov region). The sources published here highlight the methods used by the Nazis and their accomplices to solve the problem of homeless children. The article includes the text of the report by the head of the NKVD directorate for the Kalinin region, V. P. Pavlov, and that of the reference drafted by the deputy head of the Kalinin region department of public education, N. M. Kolmakov. Both documents are kept at the Tver Center for Documentation on the Contemporary History. Their authors describe the state of the orphanage in the village of Mikhailov Pogost of the Loknya district at the time of its liberation by the Red Army in late February 1944. The orphanage survived on voluntary donations from the local population. The children’s living conditions were difficult: they were in dire need of underwear, clothing, and shoes. Their diet was limited to whatever the locals could collect. Most children were sick, but received little if any medical care. The arrival of the Red Army was their rescue. After the expulsion of the invaders, the Soviet authorities undertook a series of measures to improve the situation of children. The third document is a contract for foster care of a homeless child. Texts of such contracts have been found in the fonds of the Velikie Luki branch of the State Archive of the Pskov Region. The documents were compiled in 1942. The contracts were signed by members of the Krasnogorodsk District Administration, a collaborationist administrative body under the control of German military structures, which was created by the Nazis during the occupation, and by citizens who took the children. Each document listed child's name, obligations of the caregiver and their family members to the child, as well as benefits to the foster family. The contracts were signed for a year. The comparative textual analysis of the documents finds few differences in the form and content of the contracts.
Materials of the Dmitrov Correctional Labour Camp in the Moscow A. M. Gorky Archive: 1928–36
Authors:   А. M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation, Plotnikova Anastasia G.
Published: April 2023

The article reviews the corpus of previously unknown documents from the A. M. Gorky Archive of the A. M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Moscow on the history of the cultural and educational department of the Dmitrov Correctional Labour Camp (Dmitlag), created for the construction of the Moscow—Volga Canal. The official Soviet rhetoric of the 1920s–30s declared that Soviet penitentiary system was to reform convicts, to “rehabilitate” them through communal labour, civic education, and communist agitation. The core of this ideological construct was the concept of perekovka (“reforging”), which the writer Maxim Gorky imbued with personal socio-philosophical meaning. The reviewed corpus of documents includes the following categories. A. M. Gorky Archive contains manuscripts of M. Gorky's greetings to the canal builders. The writer visited the canal twice and sent six messages to the workers, which were published in both the central and the camp press. Four letters from Gorky to the head of the labour camp, S. G. Firin, discuss the involvement of Soviet writers in the propaganda and two projects of the former: “Two Five-Year Plans” and “History of Factories and Plants.” Nineteen letters from S. G. Firin to Gorky and nine letters to the writer's secretary, P. P. Kryuchkov, form a historically valuable and rare collection of ego-documents that shed light on private attitudes and interactions between Gorky and Firin. The official letters of the Dmitlag prisoners to Gorky highlight agitation activities in the penitentiaries and mechanism of the labour camp communication with the outside world. The prisoners’ unofficial letters/appeals provide data on the Soviet justice system and on the social composition of the Dmitlag. These letters also contain some personal stories of the canal builders. Other documents have been discovered in the archive: letters, publications from “The Bibliotheca of “Perekovka” series, etc. This documents complex provides additional data on the different aspects of Soviet history in the 1930s: chronicle of Dmitlag and of the canal construction, agitation activities in the Gulag. The documents help to reconstruct the biographies of writers, poets and artists sent to the Dmitlag, not to mention ordinary construction workers of the canal. In addition, these materials shed light on M. Gorky status of this period when a person became an institution. They provide a better understanding of Gorky’s role in the shaping of Soviet ideology and of the role of Soviet writers in the propaganda of perekovka. Gorky's letters, editorial plans, and reviews supplement the knowledge on his projects “History of Factories and Plants” and “Two Five-Year Plans.”
TARİH ÖĞRETİMİ VE DİJİTAL EKRAN ORTAMLARI
Authors: DEMİR Ümit , CEYLAN Süleyman
Published: April 2023

Tarih dersi milli bilincin oluşturulmasında çok önemli bir derstir. Üniversite öğretim sürecinde de Atatürk İlkeleri ve İnkılap Tarihi (Aİ.İ.T.) dersi bu kapsamda zorunlu bir ders olarak verilmektedir. Öğretim sürecinde dijitalleşme öğretim yöntem ve tekniklerinin hızlı bir değişimine yol açmıştır. Bu değişim Covid-19 pandemi süreci ile hızlı ve zorunlu bir değişiklik halini almıştır. Üniversite öğretim sürecinde A.İ.İ.T. dersleri bu kapsamda uzaktan eğitim ile bu süreçlere devam etmek durumunda kalmıştır. Oysaki tarihin dijitalleşmesi öğretim sürecinin dijitalleşmesinin çok öncesinde başlamıştır. Tarihi film, dizi ve belgesellerle başlayan bu dijitalleşme, sosyal medya ve video paylaşım ortamlarının hızlı gelişimi ile eğitim-öğretim sürecinin önüne geçmiş durumdadır. Dijital ortamlarda paylaşılan ve doğruluğu farklı kaynaklarca doğrulanmayan bilgiler internet ortamlarında hızlıca yayılarak geniş kitleleri etkiler hale gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada üniversite öğrencilerinin Aİ.İ.T. dersi özelinde tarih dersine bakış açıları ve tarihi araştırma yöntemlerinde dijital ekran tercihleri incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda çalışma, iki devlet üniversitesinde öğrenimlerine devam etmekte olan A.İ.İT. dersi almış önlisans ve lisans öğrencilerinin gönüllü katılımı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çevrim içi olarak katılımcıların kişisel özelliklerini (cinsiyet, günlük telefon ve bilgisayar kullanımı, günlük TV izleme, aylık okunan kitap sayısı) belirlemeye yönelik bir form ile araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilmiş olan ve tek boyutlu Tarih ve A.İ.İ.T. dersi tutum ölçekleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda üniversite öğrencilerinin tarih ile ilgili konulara çoğunlukla merak duydukları, tarih ile ilgili araştırma yaptıkları ve edindikleri tarihi bilgileri farklı bilgi kaynakları ile doğrulamaya çalıştıkları görülmüştür. Öğrencilerin tarih araştırma tercihleri incelendiğinde tercih sıralamasının tarihi müze ve ören yerlerini ziyaret, tarih ile ilgili eski tarihi belgesel ve filmleri izlemek, eski tarihi dizileri izlemek, sosyal medyada tarih ile ilgili paylaşımları takip etmek şeklinde olduğu görülmüştür. A.İ.İ.T. dersine yönelik görüşlerin belirlenmesine yönelik öğrenci görüşleri incelendiğinde, öğrenciler derse yönelik ihtiyacın olduğunu; fakat derse yönelik eksikliklerin de olduğunu belirtmişlerdir.
“KERTENKELENİN ÖLDÜRÜLMESİ” RİVAYETİNİ DİN ÖĞRETİCİLERİNİN ANLAMA VE AKTARMALARI ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: ÇELİK Ali
Published: April 2023

Kur’an-ı Kerim Hz. Peygamber’i, üstün bir ahlâk sahibi olarak nitelemiş ve onu inananlara üsve-i hasene olarak takdim etmiştir. İlahi buyruk gereği Müslümanlar, Kur’an ile birlikte Hz. Peygamber’in hadislerini de esas almış, bu temeller üzerinden dinî ve kültürel yaşamlarını şekillendirme gayretinde olmuşlardır. Fakat dinin iki ana kaynağından biri olan hadislerin zamanla farklı anlaşılması veya bağlamından koparılması gibi durumlar yaşanmıştır. Bir metin veya söylemin doğru anlaşılmasının, neredeyse varlığı kadar önemli olduğu kabul edilirse hadisleri tam manasıyla anlamanın ne denli önemli olduğu anlaşılacaktır. Bu bağlamda yanlış anlaşılma, ziyan ve tahrife kapı aralayacağından metnin zihinlerde doğru inşası önem arz etmektedir. Yanlış anlaşılmalara sebebiyet vermesi muhtemel rivayetlerden biri de “kertenkelenin ilk vuruşta öldürülmesi” ile ilgili hadistir. Rivayetin sıhhatine yönelik çalışma yapıldığından ötürü hadisin sıhhatine ilişkin detaya girilmemiştir. İlgili rivayetin, dinî aktarım görevini üstlenen din öğreticileri tarafından nasıl anlaşıldığı ve topluma nasıl aktarıldığı meselesi araştırmamızın ana temasını teşkil etmektedir. Çalışmada, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan durum çalışması deseni; veri toplama aracı olarak da görüşme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Bu çerçevede söz konusu rivayet hususunda ön araştırma için yapılan görüşmeler haricinde 21 din öğreticisi ile görüşme yapılmıştır. Ancak yapılan görüşmelerde ilgili rivayette kastedilen mefhumun bilhassa katılımcıların geneli tarafından anlaşılmadığı görülmüştür. Araştırma neticelerinden hareketle din öğreticilerinin hadisleri anlama hususunda daha donanımlı olabilmeleri için bazı öneriler sunulmuştur.
THE ROLE OF FREE-RADICAL OXIDATION PROCESSES IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF EARLY MISCARRIAGE
Authors: Tishkova Olga , Dikareva Ludmila , Tepliy Dmitry
Published: April 2023

Currently, despite the already known pathogenic factors and mechanisms of miscarriage, about 50 % of ones continue to be unspecified or idiopathic. In recent years, the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of many diseases, including the female reproductive system and pregnancy complica-tions, has been actively discussed. The purpose of the review is to analyze and provide information on the role of free-radical oxidation processes in the development and course of a pregnancy, both in normal and in miscarriage, as well as on the possible use of oxidative stress biomarkers in practical medicine, in order to assess the nature of the pathological process and the effectiveness of treatment. Understanding the processes of cell damage caused by oxidative stress can provide invaluable assis-tance not only in developing a personalized approach to each specific case of miscarriage, but also to expand knowledge, both scientific and clinical in this area of medicine.
Optimal Control for A SEIR Epidemiological Model Under the Effect of Different Incidence Rates
Authors: AVCI Derya
Published: April 2023

In this study, optimal control problem for a fractional SEIR epidemiological model under the effect of bilinear and saturate incidence rate functions is investigated. These rates play an important role in the realistic modeling of an epidemic by describing the interaction between susceptible and infected individuals of a population. This interaction is highly decisive in whether the disease will turn into a pandemic or not. Therefore, these functions can be defined in different forms depending on the course of the epidemic. The model discussed in this study is defined in terms of Caputo. Dimensional compatibility is guaranteed before posing the optimal control problem. The main objective of the proposed optimal control problem is to minimize the number of infected individuals and the cost of education given to susceptible individuals as a preventive measure. Euler-Lagrange equations corresponding to the optimality conditions of the considered model are first determined by Hamiltonian’s formalism. Afterward, the optimal system with right and left fractional Caputo derivatives are solved numerically by the forward-backward sweep method combined with the fractional Euler method. Optimal solutions are interpreted graphically for varying values of the incidence rate coefficients and the fractional parameter. According to the simulation results, it is seen that the education given to susceptible individuals is significantly effective in slowing down the epidemic.
Durağan Olmayan Bir Kinetik Denklem İçin Bazı Düz ve Ters Problemler
Authors: ÖZSOY ÇAKIR Elif , GÖLGELEYEN Fikret
Published: April 2023

Bu çalışmada saçılım terimi içeren durağan olmayan bir kinetik denklem için bazı düz ve ters problemler ele alınmıştır. Bu problemlerin aralarındaki ilişki tartışılmış ve çözümlerinin tekliği araştırılmıştır.
Betonda Agrega İle Yer Değiştirilen Atık Döküm Kumunun Sertleşmiş Betonun Kimyasal ve Mineralojik Yapısına ve Mekanik Dayanımına Olan Etkisi
Authors: KALEM Merve , HARMANCI Fatma Nur
Published: April 2023

Günümüzde, atık ve artık olarak ortaya çıkan malzemelerin yeniden kullanımı ve geri dönüşümü konusunda yoğun olarak çalışılmaktadır. Bu çalışmalarda atıklardan yeni ürünler elde edilmesi veya bunların katkı maddesi olarak kullanılması amaçlanmaktadır. Atıkların yeniden kullanımı veya geri dönüşümü; sınırlı olan doğal kaynakların kullanımını azaltarak, doğanın tahrip edilmesini önlemekte, üretimde verimliliği artırmakta ve atık depolanması sonucu oluşacak çevre problemlerini en aza indirmektedir. Bu çalışma ile önemli bir çevresel sorun olan atık döküm kumu için yeni bir değerlendirme alanı araştırılabileceği gibi, beton üretimi sırasında kullanılan agreganın kullanımı da azaltılacağı için bu agregaların temini sırasında meydana gelen doğal kaynakların tahribatının da azaltılması hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla, atık döküm kumu önemli bir yapı malzemesi olan beton içerisinde değerlendirilmesi çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu atıklar %5, %10 ve %20 oranlarında beton içerisindeki agrega ile yer değiştirilerek betonun SEM-EDS, FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) spektrofotometresi, Termogravimetrik analiz (TGA), X-ışınları difraktometresi (XRD) ve basınç dayanımı analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu analizler ile atık döküm kumu katkısı kullanımına bağlı olarak beton bünyesinde meydana gelen kimyasal ve mineralojik değişimler tespit edilerek bu değişimlerin basınç dayanımı ile olan ilişkisi ortaya koyulmuştur.
Minimally invasive cytoreductive surgery in advanced ovarian cancer: A nonselected consecutive series of robotic-assisted cases
Authors: Natalie Shammas , Rosa Avila , Christopher Khatchadourian , Erland Laurence Spencer-Smith , Lisa Stern , Steven Vasilev
Published: April 2023

The gold standard for advanced-stage ovarian cancer surgery entails exploration via a midline vertical laparotomy. Studies have shown that minimally invasive surgery (MIS) can be a safe and effective method for the surgical management of early ovarian cancer. In some cases, MIS can also be selectively used for cytoreductive surgery in cases with advanced-stage ovarian cancer. The robotic platform has the potential to provide similar outcomes to the laparotomy-based standard of care in advanced complex surgery while accelerating recovery, minimizing morbidity, and reducing perioperative complications. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate surgical and perioperative outcomes in patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma who underwent robotic-assisted cytoreduction. A chart review of a nonselected consecutive series of all patients undergoing surgical management of advanced ovarian cancer between 7/1/2017 and 12/31/2021 was conducted. All patients that were diagnosed with Stage III to IV ovarian cancer between the timeframe underwent robotic-assisted cytoreductive surgery at two urban community teaching hospitals in Los Angeles. Twenty-five patients were identified and included in this study. All surgeries were performed by a single surgeon. Optimal or complete CRS was achieved in 96% of the patients (24 of 25 cases). Seven (28%) underwent primary cytoreduction (PCRS) and 18 (72%) underwent interval cytoreduction (ICRS). The estimated median blood loss was 100 mL (25-500 mL), the median operative time was 5.9 hours (3.1-10.5 hours), and the conversion rate to open laparotomy was 0%. There were no intraoperative complications and the readmission rate within 30 days was 4% (1 patient) for ileus, which was managed conservatively. Currently, 64% of the patients in the case series remain alive. The median survival has not been reached. The median follow-up is 4.08 years. Results presented from this nonselected, consecutive case series illustrate how a minimally invasive robotic approach can be safely used in place of the standard exploratory laparotomy for ovarian cytoreduction.
INNOVATIVE USE OF SHAPE MEMORY ALLOYS AS REINFORCEMENTS FOR CONCRETE BEAM-COLUMN JOINTS: AN OVERVIEW
Authors: Sabbaghian Mahdieh , Kabir Mohammadzaman
Published: April 2023

Shape memory alloys have two unique properties of shape memory effect (SME) and superelasticity (SE) that are the ability for large inelastic deformations recovery after heating (SME) and stress removal (SE). In recent years, structural engineers used these materials in the field of civil engineering’s, such as the applications of SMAs in the repair, retrofitting, and rehabilitation of concrete structures, dampers, vibration isolation systems, vibration control, and prestressing members, etc. To overcome and reduce the potential seismic risk of structures, understanding the characteristics of SMAs materials under different loading conditions is one of the critical steps. Despite the various types of researches carried out on the SMAs' structural applications, there was a need for a review of the progress of the current method in structures. To address it, a brief review of the applications of SMAs in Reinforced Concrete (RC) beam-column joints was conducted.
A review on co-processed excipients used in direct compression of tablet dosage form
Authors: Paka Bhavana  , M Sunitha Reddy
Published: April 2023

Co-processed excipients may enhance functionality and reduce drawbacks of traditional excipients for the manufacture of tablets on a commercial scale. The following study aimed to characterize a range of co-processed excipients that may prove suitable for dispersible tablet formulations prepared by direct compression. The dosage form that is used the most is tablets. Their accessibility, simplicity of administration, consistency, and affordability are advantages. Direct compression is the most straightforward method for making tablets, despite the fact that it comes with several challenges, including those connected to the homogeneity and mass variation of the content, disintegration, dissolution, and the radial hardness of the tablets. In today's world, "co-processed excipients," which include frequently processed mixtures of fillers, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, and other excipients, are becoming more popular. Spray drying, fluid bed granulation, wet granulation, melt granulation, dry granulation, and co-crystallization are used to create these mixes. This review article lists technologies, co-processed excipients that are commercially available, and excipients that are typically utilized to make them.
Produção literária e cultural: entre entraves estatais e a participação cidadã
Authors: SOUZA Taise Campos dos Santos Pinheiro de
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo reflete sobre o direito de produção e circulação maiores da escrita feminina negra, trazendo para o campo de discussão um questionamento frente à atuação do Estado para com o estabelecimento de políticas públicas que considerem a literatura inscrita sobre os eixos do gênero e da raça. Tal questionamento é importante para o campo da Crítica Cultural, pois problematiza a questão de políticas públicas para a escrita literária, para o livro e a leitura. Para embasar teoricamente esse trabalho nos pautaremos em autores(as) como Rubim (2008), Lindoso (2004), Moreira (2012), entre outros(as). Além disso, utilizamos dados coletados em entrevistas realizadas com quatro escritoras negras da Bahia: Fátima Trinchão, Jocelia Fonseca, Mel Adún e Rita Santana e no Plano Estadual do Livro e Leitura da Bahia (2013-2022). Observamos que há, por parte do Estado, um histórico de omissão para com políticas públicas focadas em povos excluídos historicamente, inclusive, mulheres negras. Essa situação está mudando, pouco a pouco, uma vez que tem ocorrido uma abertura do Estado ao fomento de diversas produções literárias e culturais, embora não tão específica à produção literária feminina negra, por isso é necessária uma atuação mais efetiva e diretiva do Estado nesse sentido. Considerando que essa atuação deve ser feita pelo Estado, mas em colaboração com os agentes envolvidos no processo, notamos ainda que os trajetos literários, performáticos e culturais das escritoras estudadas indicam uma ação que procura reivindicar esse lugar de direito à voz, à inserção na esfera produtiva, o que compreende a feitura de uma participação cidadã.
Alfabetização e letramento
Authors: RAMOS Patrícia Maria Guarnieri
Published: April 2023

O presente artigo refere-se a estudos preliminares sobre a temática da alfabetização, que culminaram num projeto de pesquisa de mestrado que se encontra em andamento, e que transcorre discutindo as problemáticas relacionadas à aquisição da linguagem escrita na fase inicial do Ensino Fundamental. Nesse sentido, o texto apresenta uma discussão sobre alfabetização e letramento decorrente de estudos realizados por Magda Soares e outros autores, que vem ao longo de décadas se comprometendo em pesquisar e analisar as determinações históricas, políticas e econômicas que envolvem esses conceitos. Em seguida, apresenta-se um estudo sobre os principais conceitos da Psicologia desenvolvida por L.S. Vygotsky, mais especificamente, sobre a aquisição da linguagem escrita como uma função psicológica superior e, por isso, constituída sócio-historicamente pela humanidade e que é determinante para a inserção do sujeito na sua cultura.
[Recebido: 29 set. 2015 – Aceito: 29 nov. 2015]
PENGARUH KOMBINASI REBUSAN DAUN CIPLUKAN (Physalis angulata L.) DAN DAUN SALAM (Syzygium polyanthum) TERHADAP KADAR LDL TIKUS PUTIH JANTAN (Rattus norvegicus)
Authors: Alinnisa
Published: April 2023

Peningkatan kadar kolesterol Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) dapat menyebabkan plak pada dinding arteri dan menjadi faktor penyebab infark miokard. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian air rebusan kombinasi daun ciplukan (Physalis angulate L.) dan daun salam (Syzygium polyanthum) terhadap kadar LDL tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang diinduksi Diet Tinggi Lemak (HFD) dan propiltiourasil (PTU). Penelitian eksperimen ini menggunakan metode pretest-posttest with control group design. Gunakan metode simple random sampling dengan 30 ekor tikus. Tikus dibagi menjadi enam kelompok perlakuan. Kelompok A adalah kelompok kontrol normal, kelompok B adalah kelompok kontrol negatif, kelompok C kombinasi 1:1, kelompok D kombinasi 1:2, kelompok E 2:1, dan kelompok F adalah kelompok kontrol positif, diperlakukan dengan simvastatin. Kadar kolesterol LDL diukur menggunakan spektrofotometer pada λ 546 nm. Data akan diolah dengan menggunakan uji One-way ANOVA dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan's Post hoc. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kelompok B, C, D, E, dan F yang diberikan HFD dan PTU dengan kelompok A normal. Terjadi penurunan kadar LDL yang bermakna pada kelompok C, D, E, dan F. Dosis optimal kombinasi daun ciplukan dan daun salam yang dapat diberikan adalah dengan perbandingan 1:1 (160mg/200gBB: 720mg/200gBB). Kelompok yang diberi air rebusan kombinasi daun ciplukan dan daun salam memiliki efek menurunkan kadar LDL lebih baik dibandingkan simvastatin. Pemberian air rebusan kombinasi daun ciplukan dan daun salam dapat menurunkan kadar LDL tikus putih jantan yang diberikan HFD dan PTU.

Keywords: Daun Ciplukan (Physalis angulate L.), Daun Salam (Syzygium polyanthum), Kadar LDL, Tikus Putih.
La competencia matemática en PISA

Authors: Rico Luis
Published: April 2023

En este documento describo las principales componentes del marco teórico del proyecto PISA/OCDE analizando para ello la noción de alfabetización matemática, las diferentes variables que componen el dominio, las variables que organizan los instrumentos de evaluación, y los diferentes significados del término competencia. Mathematics Competence in PISAIn this work I describe the PISA/OECD project framework main components. For this purpose, I analyze the notion of mathematical literacy, the different variables of the domain, the variables of the assessment instruments, and the different meanings of competency.Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10481/4703Nº de citas en WOS (2017): 14 (citas de 2º orden, 7)Nº de citas en SCOPUS (2017): 9 (citas de 2º orden, 8)
Elementary school students´approaches to solving true/false number sentences

Authors: Molina Marta , Castro Encarnación , Mason John
Published: April 2023

This paper focuses on eight-year old students’ ways of approaching true/false number sentences. The data presented here belongs to a teaching experiment in which the use of relational thinking when solving number sentences was explicitly promoted. The study of the way of using this type of thinking and of students’ structure of attention, allow us to make distinctions and to provide a description of students’ different behaviours. Métodos de alumnos de educación primaria para la resolución de sentencias numéricas verdaderas y falsas Este artículo se centra en las formas en que alumnos de ocho años abordan la resolución de sentencias numéricas verdaderas y falsas. Los datos que se presentan pertenecen a un experimento de enseñanza en el cual se promovió explícitamente el uso del pensamiento relacional en la resolución de sentencias numéricas. El estudio del modo en que es usado este tipo de pensamiento y de la estructura de la atención de los alumnos, nos permite distinguir y aportar una descripción de los diferentes comportamientos de los alumnos.Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10481/3474Nº de citas en WOS (2017): 3 (Citas de 2º orden, 17)Nº de citas en SCOPUS (2017): 6 (Citas de 2º orden, 25)
Análisis y clasificación de errores cometidos por alumnos de secundaria en los procesos de sustitución formal, generalización y modelización en álgebra

Authors: Ruano Raquel M. , Socas Martín M. , Palarea M. Mercedes
Published: April 2023

Presentamos un estudio con alumnos de educación secundaria sobre tres procesos específicos del lenguaje algebraico: la sustitución formal, la generalización y la modelización. A partir de las respuestas a un cuestionario, realizamos una clasificación de los errores cometidos y se analizan sus posibles orígenes. Finalmente, formulamos algunas consecuencias didácticas que se derivan de estos resultados. Secondary Students' Error Analysis and Classification in Formal Substitution, Generalization and Modelling Process in Algebra We present a study with secondary students about three specific processes of algebraic language: Formal substitution, generalization, and modelling. Using a test, we develop a students´ errors classifications, and we analyze its possible origins. Finally we present some didactical conclusions from the results.Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10481/4441Nº de citas en WOS (2017): 6 (Citas de 2º orden, 9)Nº de citas en SCOPUS (2017): 4 (Citas de 2º orden, 4)
Solving problems on functions: role of the graphing calculator

Authors: Mesa Vilma
Published: April 2023

To study the roles that the graphing calculator plays in solving problems about functions, a small quasi-experimental study was conducted with four pairs of undergraduate students solving problems with and without the graphing calculator. The analysis of the protocols of the sessions did not reveal major differences that could be attributed to the presence or absence of the tool but indicated differences in strategies used with each problem that could be explained in terms of the nature of the knowledge at stake and to students’ availability of that knowledge. The study suggests a model for conducting research that looks for explaining the effects of technology in learning and instruction. Resolución de problemas sobre funciones: papel de la calculadora gráfica Con el fin de analizar el papel que la calculadora gráfica juega en la resolución de problemas sobre funciones, se hizo un pequeño estudio cuasi-experimental con cuatro pares de estudiantes de pre-grado variando la condición de la disponibilidad de la calculadora. El análisis de los protocolos de las sesiones revela que no hay mayores diferencias que se puedan atribuir a la presencia o ausencia de la calculadora gráfica; sin embargo, las diferencias observadas en el uso de estrategias que se usaron en cada problema pueden explicarse en términos de la naturaleza del conocimiento en juego y de la disponibilidad de tal conocimiento para los estudiantes. El estudio sugiere además un modelo para realizar investigaciones que busquen explicar los efectos de la tecnología en el aprendizaje y en la instrucción.Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10481/4389
El papel de la ansiedad matemática en el paso de la educación secundaria a la educación universitaria

Authors: Pérez-Tyteca Patricia , Castro Enrique , Segovia Isidoro , Castro Encarnación , Fernández Francisco , Cano Francisco
Published: April 2023

Las respuestas afectivas juegan un papel esencial en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de las matemáticas. Gran número de investigaciones se ha centrado en la ansiedad matemática y la han relacionado con diferencias de género entre la población estudiantil o con la elección de cursos de matemáticas y carreras universitarias en función del nivel de matemáticas que presenten. Se utiliza aquí la escala de ansiedad matemática de Fennema-Sherman para analizar los niveles de ansiedad de un grupo de alumnos de la Universidad de Granada, cuando realizaron tareas matemáticas. The Role of Mathematics Anxiety when Moving from Secondary Education to University Education Affective answers play an essential role in the processes of teaching and learning mathematics. Within this field, one of the constructs that produces more interest is mathematics anxiety. This construct has been frequently related to gender differences between the students population and to the students’ choice of mathematics courses and university degrees depending on the level of mathematics involved. Using the Fennema-Sherman Mathematics Anxiety Scale, we analyzed the mathematics anxiety levels of a group of students from the University of Granada when working on some mathematics tasks.Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10481/3510Nº de citas en WOS (2017): 5 (Citas de 2º orden, 1)Nº de citas en SCOPUS (2017): 4 (Citas de 2º orden, 2)
Razonamiento y estrategias en la transición a la generalización en un problema de combinatoria

Authors: Cañadas María C. , Figueiras Lourdes
Published: April 2023

Describimos el proceso seguido por estudiantes de 11 y 12 años para descubrir patrones de conteo en un problema básico de combinatoria. Hacemos énfasis en la transición de las estrategias manipulativas para el conteo directo a la generalización. En esta transición hubo estudiantes que utilizaron, de forma espontánea, diagramas de árbol; y otros estudiantes que recurrieron a estrategias comunes en pensamiento numérico. Resaltamos el interés de resolver problemas de combinatoria sin haber aprendido fórmulas previas para que los estudiantes den significado a la regla del producto y relacionamos los resultados obtenidos con aspectos didácticos de la multiplicación en educación primaria. Reasoning and Strategies in the Transition to Generalization in a Combinatorial Problem We describe the procedure used by 11-12 years old students to discover counting patterns in basic combinatory problems. We emphasize the transition from manipulative strategies for direct counting to generalization. In this transition, there were students who spontaneously used tree diagrams of mathematical ideas and some students used numerical thinking strategies. We highlight the interest of solving combinatory problems in order to let the students make sense of the multiplication rule. We relate the results to the teaching of multiplication in primary school.Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10481/3506
Evaluación de las actitudes hacia las matemáticas y el rendimiento académico

Authors: Mato María Dorinda , De la Torre Enrique
Published: April 2023

En este artículo presentamos los resultados de un estudio realizado con 1.220 alumnos peruanos de educación secundaria obligatoria para evaluar sus actitudes hacia las matemáticas y el rendimiento académico. Los alumnos pertenecen a colegios públicos, privados y concertados. Los resultados indican que las actitudes y el rendimiento académico están correlacionados. Evaluation of attitudes towards mathematics and academic performanceIn this article we present the results of a study developed with 1,220 Peruvian secondary education students to evaluate their attitudes towards mathematics and their academic performance. The students go to state and private schools. The results indicate that attitudes and academic performance are correlated.Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10481/4982Nº de citas en WOS (2017): 2 (Citas de 2º orden, 0)
EVALUATING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE PROCESS OF CHANGING THE CONFIGURATION OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: HETMAN O.
Published: April 2023

It should be noted that in modern operating conditions, organizations increasingly have to face the complexity and dynamism of the external environment. However, other external changes (simplification and stability of the environment) also often take place (especially for mature enterprises), which are identified in the case of analyzing the impact of external environmental factors, as a rule, using the method of expert assessments. The article proposes to apply the classification of structures developed by H. Mintzberg, which is based on the principle of determining the type of configuration, considering the existing horizontal and vertical decentralization, the influence of the key part of the structure and the dominant coordination mechanism, and rooted on the principle of correspondence of a certain type of configuration to a certain type of external, to carry out a timely change of the structural form from the existing to the planned one, which will comfortably exist in the current external conditions. The author presents the field of configurations consisting of pure and hybrid forms (in the case of combining design parameters of different configurations). The article also proposes to use the developed system of minimally necessary and sufficient indicators of the effectiveness of the transformation process, which correspond to the fact of qualitative transformation directly for the existing direction in case of a change in the level of influence of environmental factors. As a system of indicators, it is proposed to use: general economic efficiency, value gap, the fact of creating an innovation as a qualitative indicator of the transformation process, flexibility and rationality of the structure, its controllability norm. The article presents the sequence of evaluating the effectiveness of the transformation of the organizational structure, when using the basics of the simplex method of linear programming.
The given sequence of evaluating the effectiveness of transformation of the organizational structure of the enterprise can be applied in the case of enterprises functioning in different types of external environment, in different types of technological structure of enterprises, sizes of organizations, age of existence on the market of goods or services. It is recommended for use by enterprises of production, construction, automobile and transport complexes, residential and communal and commercial enterprises, non-profit organizations, etc.
Using a New Modification on Wind Turbine Ventilator for Improving Indoor Air Quality
Authors: Rasheed Louay Abdul salam
Published: April 2023

This paper describes a newly modified wind turbine ventilator that can achieve highly efficient ventilation. The new modification on the conventional wind turbine ventilator system may be achieved by adding a Savonius wind turbine above the conventional turbine to make it work more efficiently and help spinning faster. Three models of the Savonius wind turbine with 2, 3, and 4 blades' semicircular arcs are proposed to be placed above the conventional turbine of wind ventilator to build a hybrid ventilation turbine. A prototype of room model has been constructed and the hybrid turbine is placed on the head of the room roof. Performance's tests for the hybrid turbine with a different number of blades and different values of wind speeds have been conducted. The experimental test results show that the performance of the improved ventilation turbine with three blades is the best. It is found that the maximum rotation speed of the improved turbine is 107rpm, while the air flow rate is 0.0103m3/s and the air change rate per hour is 32.67hr-1, at a wind speed of 3m/s. The proposed design has been achieved an increase in the turbine rotational speed, increase of the extraction rate of the indoor air and the air-changes per hour, provided the requisite ventilation and improved the quality of the indoor air.
Aspects of General & Secondary Indicators that form a Local System to assist Sustainability Verification in Buildings
Authors: AlTalebi Raed AbdulJabbar , Al-Bazzaz Inaam
Published: April 2023

The research focuses on how to reach a mechanism that assists experts, engineers, and others in the architectural & engineering project to verify the co-existence of values and sustainability constituents in it. Research problem shows a clear lack, locally, in the interest to establish a value system and a list that cares about comprehending building components whether considering sustainable building criteria. Hypothesis shows that in order to head towards the applicable sustainable approach of buildings, then a local assessment system should be established to evaluate buildings during its life cycle, and from which buildings would be categorized as sustainable or not. Research aims at establishing main and general concepts that form the basis for more accurate assessment elements and details that have weights and credits to reach assessment scores that enables recognizing if the building or the project considers environmental sustainability requirements, in addition to submitting special recommendations that provide the capability of establishing an integrated usable assessment system used by experts and others.

The research adopts the following methodology in order to obtain and reaches this list: a comprehensive and thorough study for the main international assessment systems; a study for certain research and papers involved in the assessment topic; inspecting practices of sustainability-related consultancy professional work. All this to determine the constituents of rating and evaluation of the engineering project items and components. Moreover, research adopts a methodology that considers local recognition in terms of social and climatic environment and geographical factors.

Research reaches the formation of a general framework that is compromised from general and secondary indicators for the local assessment system, and these indicators could be expanded to include the building entire life cycle.
Harvard's CopyrightX Program
Authors: Middleton Kailyn
Published: April 2023

I had the honor of participating in Harvard's CopyrightX program in spring 2022. This course is beneificial particularly to librarians working in Resource Sharing, but is an incredibly informative course for anyone interested in US Copyright Law. The course is open to anyone over the age of 13 and is completely free, but space is limited. Over twelve weeks, participants will learn the history and current form of copyright law through weekly pre-recorded lectures, readings, and synchronous Zoom meetings. The only graded assignment is the final exam, which is required if you are striving for the certificate. Given the amount of information covered, the course is still generally well paced and easy to follow. This course is a wonderful professional development opportunity for anyone interested in copyright who has time for a more traditional course style.
Tecnografias líticas do Holoceno médio na região central da América do Sul: tesselas culturais para um mosaico paleo-histórico (segunda parte)
Authors: De M. Ramos Marcos Paulo , Carbonelli Juan Pablo , Viana Sibeli A. , Costa Kaira S. R.
Published: April 2023

Este artigo constitui a segunda parte da análise das tecnografias líticas dos sítios do Holoceno Médio em uma grande macrorregião, o setor central da América do Sul: ele abrange os grupos de sítios B, C e D. Um elemento comum em todos os conjuntos analisados é a presença de ferramentas da categoria tecnofuncional B. Com relação aos modos de produção, pode-se observar que o princípio da debitage predomina na área de análise. No entanto, sua aplicação é diversa; há conjuntos em que houve uma predeterminação na fabricação de lascas, outros em que os núcleos são reintroduzidos como suportes ou lâminas de apresentação e outros locais em que lascas de fabricação de façonagem foram reintroduzidas como ferramentas de suporte. Os demais princípios de produção também foram registrados: afordance (tanto na produção instrumental quanto em sua expressão produtiva) e façonagem são observados em sítios dos grupos A, C e D. O reconhecimento dos diferentes modos de produção é o ponto de partida para pensar em como grupos com diferentes tradições técnicas ocuparam diferentes espaços na região.
Tecnografias líticas do Holoceno médio na região central da América do Sul: tesselas culturais para um mosaico paleo-histórico (primeira parte)
Authors: Viana Sibeli A. , De M. Ramos Marcos Paulo , Carbonelli Juan Pablo , Costa Kaira S. R.
Published: April 2023

Este trabajo, subdividido em primera y segunda parte, presenta un panorama tecnográfico del material lítico proveniente de sitios del Holoceno medio, localizados en la región central de América del Sur, específicamente de la macro-región dominada por sabanas en las tierras bajas. Este análisis fue posible a través de una revisión y reflexión sobre la información bibliográfica disponible. En base a un enfoque tecno-funcional, la descripción de los modos de manufactura de útiles líticos se basó en el reconocimiento de tres principios técnicos desde el punto de vista tecno-funcional: débitage, façonnage y affordance, así como de la consideración de la relación entre las porciones activas y prehensivas de las piezas interpretadas como útiles (denominadas también “categorías tecno-funcionales”). Como resultado se obtuvo una síntesis de las particularidades y variabilidades tecnológicas en áreas poco conocidas o documentadas en lo que se refiere a la materialidad lítica. En la primera parte del artículo, esta síntesis puso en evidencia que en los agrupamientos de los sitios del Cratón Amazónico existió un conjunto de culturas tecnicas relativamente homogéneas concentradas alrededor de los principios de débitage y façonnage. En cuanto a la gestión de la materia prima, se observa en estos sitios un aprovisionamiento local de recursos líticos.
Enfoques tipológicos y experimentales en el estudio de la tecnología lítica de canteras: casos del noroeste y centro-este de Argentina
Authors: Bobillo Federico Miguel , Colombo Mariano
Published: April 2023

Los estudios tipológicos y experimentales en canteras prehispánicas permiten conocer las estrategias tecnológicas, las prácticas sociales y los procesos de confección y uso de artefactos formatizados. En este trabajo se analiza cómo la combinación y complementariedad entre ambos estudios constituye un procedimiento de gran relevancia para comprender la variabilidad de actividades y técnicas utilizadas en el aprovisionamiento de materias primas. Para este análisis se considera el caso de las canteras-taller de vulcanitas de Antofagasta de la Sierra (noroeste de Argentina) y de las canteras de cuarcita de las Sierras de Tandilia (centro-este de Argentina). En ambos casos se aborda el aprovisionamiento lítico desde un enfoque integrador, analizando los atributos cualitativos de los materiales sobre los que se aplica una determinada técnica, la energía implementada por los individuos, los instrumentos utilizados, los gestos técnicos (percusión sostenida o arrojada) y el conocimiento requerido para las distintas prácticas tecno-utilitarias y sociales allí realizadas.
Base teórica y metodología para el estudio del material lítico tallado: algunos aspectos de la tecnología lítica francesa aplicados a un contexto lítico peruano
Authors: Pelegrin Jacques , Valenzuela Leyva Leslye
Published: April 2023

Este artículo presenta las bases teóricas y metodológicas de los estudios tecnológicos líticos de la escuela prehistórica francesa, siguiendo (en este caso concreto) las directrices desarrolladas por J. Pelegrin, del Laboratorio de Investigación Technologie et Ethnologie des Mondes PrehistoriqueS (UMR 8068 TEMPS) del CNRS (Centre National de Recherches Scientifiques). Para la aplicación de estos principios se ha elegido un conjunto lítico de talla procedente del yacimiento arqueológico de Yurac Corral (Ayacucho, Perú). El conjunto lítico aquí presentado forma parte de un ensamblaje mayor que fue analizado en la tesis doctoral realizada por L. Valenzuela Leyva, bajo la dirección de J. Pelegrin. Aunque Yurac Corral apenas ha sido explorado y por tanto no disponemos de todos los elementos que completen el panorama de la actividad de talla, consideramos que la muestra aquí presentada representa una primera aproximación para entender cómo podría aplicarse esta metodología. Así, nuestro artículo pretende introducir al lector en este enfoque, considerando que las propuestas están siempre abiertas a discusión, según los diferentes contextos arqueológicos.
A History of Lithic Technological Studies in the Paleoindian Archaeology in the United States of America
Authors: Potter Bethany , Sellet Frederic
Published: April 2023

Lithic analyses have long been at the core of Paleoindian studies in the United States, but despite crucial changes in method and orientation, the earliest typological approaches continue to exert a strong influence on archaeologists’ understanding of Paleoindian assemblages. This chapter argues against these normative approaches by advocating in favor of dynamic perspectives on human behavior. It does so by outlining the historical contributions of technological studies to the discipline, from the early European influences to the more holistic frameworks used today. Our discussion underscores three fundamental phases of development, starting with key experimental work on the Folsom point in the mid-twentieth century. This led to an increased focus on the technological aspects of tool production and use. The second phase is heavily influenced by the development of processual archaeology, which had a profound effect on the conceptualization of lithic assemblages. It generated a wealth of systems-oriented approaches focused on the economy of lithic raw materials. Finally, and most recently, the boom in cultural ecological studies has again reshaped this landscape by creating modes of analysis that understand lithic technology as a strategic adaptation rather than a cultural fossil. To integrate these developments within the broader field of Paleoindian studies, we consider seminal papers and their role in heralding new orientations, alongside data illustrating these trends in publication.