bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dramático engaño / El paso y peso de los años
Authors: Alpízar Hidalgo María Daniela
Published: February 2019

Resumen: El siguiente poema fue escrito en el 2012, durante una clase de matemáticas. Cuando observaba que una pareja de amigos se ignoraba mutuamente, tras una pelea, debido a una situación de celos. Cada uno me compartió su versión por separado, lo que causó que comprendiera más su situación sentimental. Claramente, la poesía nunca deja el propio prejuicio de lado, así que este también es su posición.Como mujeres y hombres adultos, quienes comienzan una eterna preocupación de lo arrugado de sus caras, sus patas de gallo cada día más pronunciadas, sus manos menos jóvenes. ¿Se me nota las patas de gallo? ¡Esta crema no me esta funcionando, cada día más arrugas! ¡que ojeras, cada vez se me notan más! ¡Parezco de 70, con este arrugero! ¡Sí se ríe mucho, se arruga!Tras comentarios como estos y muchos más, nace la interrogante del surgimiento de las arrugas y cómo determinan vergüenza al identificarles. En el intercambio con mi abuela, compartimos que las arrugas o líneas de expresión no son muestra de fealdad o descuido, sino de la naturalidad y el significado que estas portan: premio, triunfo que no se hace de un día a otro. Por este significado, nace en el 2009, el siguiente poema:Abstract: The following poem was written in 2012, during a math class, when I noticed that two friends were ignoring each other after an argument, due to a jealousy issue. Each one separately told me his own version, which allowed me to have a better understanding of their sentimental situation. Clearly, poetry never leaves aside your own perspective, so it also reflects my position.As adult women and men who start their never-ending concern about wrinkles on their faces, their crow’s feet, which become more and more noticeable every day, and their aging hands. Can you tell I have crow’s feet? This lotion is not working; I have more wrinkles every day! Look at those shadows under my eyes! They are getting darker and darker! I look 70, I have so many wrinkles! If you laugh a lot, you will get wrinkles!After comments like these and many more, the question arises regarding the appearance and how they determine shame when identifying them. In a conversation with my grandmother, we agreed that wrinkles or expression lines are not signs of ugliness or neglect, but of naturalness and of the meaning that they carry: rewards, success that is not achieved overnight. This poem arises from this meaning, in 2009:
Formation of erosion resistance of gray forest soils in the conditions of Carpathian region
Authors: Kachmar O. , Vavrynovych O. , Dubytska A. , Ivaniuk V.
Published: February 2019

Aim. To study the impact of perennial grasses mixtures on the formation of erosion resistance of gray forest soils of different degradation degree and their unmodifi ed analogues in conditions of long-term permanent experiment. Methods. Field, laboratory, assessment and comparison. Results. It was established that lupine- cereal grass mixtures increased erosion resistance of slope soils considerably within fi fteen years. The sum of soil structural aggregates was improved from satisfactory into good category. There were positive changes in the number of water-resistant aggregates as well. The studies confi rmed a positive impact of legume-grasses on the density and porosity of soil. Soil density was the lowest when the slope was laid down in perennial lupine and its mixture with cereal grasses. The intensifi cation of soil erosion and the approximation of the illuvial horizon level to the surface resulted in the compaction of upper soil layers to 1.29–1.44 g/cc. General porosity of soil correlated with its
density which did not exceed optimal values in poorly eroded soils in upper layers. The studies proved the impact of the ways of laying down the slope in grass and the level of soil degradation on its humidity and water permeability. In the experiment conditions, the increase in soil degradation led to the decrease in its moisture. The decrease in the content of humidity in crop fi eld took place at the expense of higher intensity of the growth and water consumption of lupine-cereal grasses in comparison with natural mixed herbs, especially in the periods with a small amount of precipitation. The difference in the upper soil layers was in the range of 0.2–0.5 %. It was established that the highest values of soil water permeability were formed on lupine-cereal grass mixtures in all the variants of degraded soils. Conclusions. Laying down slope lands in perennial lupine in combination with cereal grasses promotes the formation of their higher resistance to erosion processes and restoration of fertility.
Perennial legume-cereal mixtures ensure the improvement of structural-aggregate state, total density and porosity of soil, enhance its water supply and water permeability.
Understanding Liability Risks and Protections for Pediatric Providers During Disasters
Authors: Altman Robin L. , Santucci Karen A. , Anderson Michael R. , McDonnell William M. ,   COMMITTEE ON MEDICAL LIABILITY AND RISK MANAGEMENT, Fanaroff Jon Mark , Bondi Steven A. , Narang Sandeep K. , Oken Richard L. , Rusher John W. , Scibilia James P. , Scott Susan M. , Sigman Laura J.
Published: February 2019

Although most health care providers will go through their careers without experiencing a major disaster in their local communities, if one does occur, it can be life and career altering. The American Academy of Pediatrics has been at the forefront of providing education and advocacy on the critical importance of disaster preparedness. From experiences over the past decade, new evidence and analysis have broadened our understanding that the concept of preparedness is also applicable to addressing the unique professional liability risks that can occur when caring for patients and families during a disaster. In our recommendations in this policy statement, we target pediatric health care providers, advocates, and policy makers and address how individuals, institutions, and government can work together to strengthen the system of liability protections during disasters so that appropriate and timely care can be delivered with minimal fear of legal reprisal or confusion.
Physicochemical characteristics of strawberry (Fragaria χ ananassa Duch.) fruits from four production zones in Cundinamarca, Colombia
Authors: Vergara Manuel , Vargas Jessica , Acuña John
Published: February 2019

Albion is a strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) plant variety that belongs to the Rosaceae family, which is notable in Colombia because of its vitamin content and organoleptic characteristics. Fruits of this variety from four municipalities (Mosquera, Guasca, Sibate, Facatativa) in the province of Cundinamarca were evaluated. Significant differences in physical and chemical characteristics were detected between fruits of the four areas. For the physical parameters, fruits from Mosquera were notable because of their large size and biomass content. The specific chemical qualities of the fruits from Guasca make them important for the industry and processing. The fruits from Sibate had an acceptable content of citric acid and, at the same time, a high content of sugars, qualities that result in high acceptance for products in a fresh market. Finally, the fruits from Facatativa were characterized by intense colors and attractiveness to final consumer. Because of the varying conditions of each municipality, the fruits presented different strengths, so the implementation of new harvesting technologies is recommended so that all producers in the province can achieve the same high-quality characteristics in order to obtain worldwide recognition.
Fertility recovery of anther-derived haploid plants in Cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.)
Authors: Garcia-Arias Francy , Sánchez-Betancourt Erika , Núñez Victor
Published: February 2019

The cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) is one of the most important Colombian exotic fruits. Chromosome doubling of anther-derived plants is a key factor in the application of double haploid technology for the genetic improvement of crops. In the present study, axillary buds from four haploid cape gooseberry genotypes were used to evaluate artificial chromosome doubling induced by colchicine and its effects on ploidy level and pollen fertility. Three concentrations of colchicine (5, 10 and 15 mM) and three exposure times (2, 4 and 6 h) were used to determine the best treatment for the generation of fertileB plants from axillary buds of haploid genotypes. The colchicine increased both the number of chromosomes, from 36 to 129, and the average chloroplasts in stomata guard cell, from 4.5 to 23.8. The optimal chromosome doubling of the haploids was obtained with the 5 mM colchicine solution and 2 h exposure time. This protocol produced chromosome doubling in over 60% of the regenerants of the four haploid genotypes, with a high level of fertility. Morphologically, the fertile mixoploid plants showed variation in the vegetative, flowering and fruit characteristics, as compared to the haploid plants.
Initial interference of Cyperus rotundus L. in pre-sprouted seedlings of sugarcane cultivars RB985476 and IACSP95-5000
Authors: Giraldeli Ana Ligia , Carrara de Brito Felipe , Moreira Silva André Felipe , Apolari Ghirardello Giovani , Viviani Pagenotto Ana Carolina , Pereira de Moraes Júlia , Victoria Filho Ricardo
Published: February 2019

Weeds compete with plants for water, light, nutrients and space. In sugarcane, planting pre-sprouted sugarcane seedlings (PSS) may mean a change in weed interference and management. The aim of this study was to generate information on the interference of Cyperus rotundus L. in PSS. Two experiments were carried out in a completely randomized design, one with cultivar RB985476, with seven densities of C. rotundus (0, 17, 35, 70, 140, 280 and 560 plants m-2), and the second with cultivar IACSP95-5000, with four densities of C. rotundus (0, 70, 140 and 280 plants m-2). For this weed, a 2x6 factorial design was used for the experiment with RB985476 and a 2x3 design was used for IACSP95-5000, the first factor being absence and presence of the crop, and the second factor the densities of the species. Biometric evaluations of height, diameter, number of tillers and leaves, leaf area and dry mass were carried out. The PSS had a reduction in height, number of leaves and leaf area in the main till at 60 d after planting (DAP) in RB985476. For the IACSP95-5000 cultivar, there was no reduction in the analyzed variables. The average dry mass per plant of C. rotundus decreased as the density of the species increased in the absence of PSS.
Reflexiones sobre la pertinencia de modelos multimodales en las áreas rurales: análisis de los principales apoyos públicos para el sector palmicultor colombiano (2000-2017)
Authors: Clavijo-Bernal Omar Fernando , Castiblanco-Rozo Carmenza
Published: February 2019

Los diagnósticos en torno a la ruralidad en Colombia y los conflictos que en su interior se han venido configurando han privilegiado los análisis sobre la desigual distribución de la tierra y su incidencia en los escenarios de pobreza estructural allí presentes. Si bien acertados, estos acercamientos abordan tangencialmente el componente institucional, circunscribiéndolo al estudio de los actores y entidades involucradas directa o indirectamente con la distribución de la tierra. En virtud de lo anterior, en el presente documento se analiza el papel que viene jugando la agenda pública diseñada para el sector agropecuario colombiano, la cual pareciera ser funcional a la estructura de la tenencia de la tierra prevaleciente. Para estos fines se toma como referente al subsector palmicultor y la estructura de apoyos públicos que ha impulsado su desempeño, a partir del analisis de datos oficiales que incluyeron informes sectoriales y balances operacionales durante el período 2000-2017, lapso en el que se observa cómo las políticas de apoyo estatal, traducidas en subsidios, créditos y marcos normativos favorables, contribuyeron al crecimiento y competitividad del subsector palmero en Colombia. Los resultados de este análisis ponen en evidencia el papel central del Estado como soporte del sector agroindustrial y –en este caso específico– del subsector palmicultor, así como la importancia de que adecúe sus actuaciones de manera complementaria, apostando por la creación de condiciones que permitan avanzar en la conformación de un esquema multimodal en el agro colombiano, como apuesta para reducir sus desigualdades.
PROSPECTS OF OBTAINING ALTERNATIVE FUEL FROM VARIOUS BIOMASS AND WASTE SPECIES IN AZERBAIJAN
Authors: Salamov O. M. , Aliyev F. F.
Published: February 2019

The paper discusses the possibility of obtaining liquid and gaseous fuels from different types of biomass (BM) and combustible solid waste (CSW) of various origins. The available world reserves of traditional types of fuel are analyzed and a number of environmental shortcomings that created during their use are indicated. The tables present the data on the conditional calorific value (CCV) of the main traditional and alternative types of solid, liquid and gaseous fuels which compared with CCV of various types of BM and CSW. Possible methods for utilization of BM and CSW are analyzed, as well as the methods for converting them into alternative types of fuel, especially into combustible gases.Reliable information is given on the available oil and gas reserves in Azerbaijan. As a result of the research, it was revealed that the currently available oil reserves of Azerbaijan can completely dry out after 33.5 years, and gas reserves–after 117 years, without taking into account the growth rates of the exported part of these fuels to European countries. In order to fix this situation, first of all it is necessary to use as much as possible alternative and renewable energy sources, especially wind power plants (WPP) and solar photovoltaic energy sources (SFES) in the energy sector of the republic. Azerbaijan has large reserves of solar and wind energy. In addition, all regions of the country have large reserves of BM, and in the big cities, especially in industrial ones, there are CSW from which through pyrolysis and gasification is possible to obtain a high-quality combustible gas mixture, comprising: H2 + CO + CH4, with the least amount of harmful waste. The remains of the reaction of thermochemical decomposition of BM and CSW to combustible gases can also be used as mineral fertilizers in agriculture. The available and projected resources of Azerbaijan for the BM and the CSW are given, as well as their assumed energy intensity in the energy sector of the republic.Given the high energy intensity of the pyrolysis and gasification of the BM and CSW, at the present time for carrying out these reactions, the high-temperature solar installations with limited power are used as energy sources, and further preference is given to the use of WPP and SFES on industrial scale.
SYNTHESIS OF HYDROGEN IN ACOUSTOPLASMA DISCHARGE IN A LIQUID-PHASE STREAM
Authors: Bulychev N. A.
Published: February 2019

In this paper, the plasma discharge in a high-pressure fluid stream in order to produce gaseous hydrogen was studied. Methods and equipment have been developed for the excitation of a plasma discharge in a stream of liquid medium. The fluid flow under excessive pressure is directed to a hydrodynamic emitter located at the reactor inlet where a supersonic two-phase vapor-liquid flow under reduced pressure is formed in the liquid due to the pressure drop and decrease in the flow enthalpy. Electrodes are located in the reactor where an electric field is created using an external power source (the strength of the field exceeds the breakdown threshold of this two-phase medium) leading to theinitiation of a low-temperature glow quasi-stationary plasma discharge.A theoretical estimation of the parameters of this type of discharge has been carried out. It is shown that the lowtemperature plasma initiated under the flow conditions of a liquid-phase medium in the discharge gap between the electrodes can effectively decompose the hydrogen-containing molecules of organic compounds in a liquid with the formation of gaseous products where the content of hydrogen is more than 90%. In the process simulation, theoretical calculations of the voltage and discharge current were also made which are in good agreement with the experimental data. The reaction unit used in the experiments was of a volume of 50 ml and reaction capacity appeared to be about 1.5 liters of hydrogen per minute when using a mixture of oxygen-containing organic compounds as a raw material. During their decomposition in plasma, solid-phase products are also formed in insignificant amounts: carbon nanoparticles and oxide nanoparticles of discharge electrode materials.
HYDROGEN FROM HYDROGEN SULPHIDE IN BLACK SEA
Authors: Baykara S. Z. , Figen E. H. , Kale A. , Veziroglu T. N.
Published: February 2019

Hydrogen sulphide, an acid gas, is generally considered an environmental pollutant. As an industrial byproduct, it is produced mostly during fuel processing. Hydrogen sulphide occurs naturally in many gas wells and also in gas hydrates and gas-saturated sediments especially at the bottom of the Black Sea where 90% of the sea water is anaerobic.The anoxic conditions exist in the deepest parts of the basin since nearly 7300 years, caused by the density stratification following the significant influx of the Mediterranean water through the Bosphorous nearly 9000 years ago. Here, H2S is believed to be produced by sulphur reducing bacteria at an approximate rate of 10 000 tons per day, and it poses a serious threat since it keeps reducing the life in the Black Sea. An oxygen–hydrogen sulphide interface is established at 150–200 m below the surface after which H2S concentration starts increasing regularly until 1000 m, and finally reaches a nearly constant value of 9.5 mg/l around 1500 m depth.Hydrogen sulphide potentially has economic value if both sulphur and hydrogen can be recovered. Several methods are studied for H2S decomposition, including thermal, thermochemical, electrochemical, photochemical and plasmochemical methods.In the present work, H2S potential in the Black Sea is investigated as a source of hydrogen, an evaluation of the developing prominent techniques for hydrogen production from H2S is made, and an engineering assessment is carried out regarding hydrogen production from H2S in the Black Sea using a process design based on the catalytic solar thermolysis approach. Possibility of a modular plant is considered for production at larger scale.
ABOUT HEAT CAPACITY OF TITANIUM CARBIDE TiCx
Authors: Khidirov I. , Getmanskiy V. V. , Parpiev A. S. , Makhmudov Sh. A.
Published: February 2019

This work relates to the field of thermophysical parameters of refractory interstitial alloys. The isochoric heat capacity of cubic titanium carbide TiCx has been calculated within the Debye approximation in the carbon concentration  range x = 0.70–0.97 at room temperature (300 K) and at liquid nitrogen temperature (80 K) through the Debye temperature established on the basis of neutron diffraction analysis data. It has been found out that at room temperature with decrease of carbon concentration the heat capacity significantly increases from 29.40 J/mol·K to 34.20 J/mol·K, and at T = 80 K – from 3.08 J/mol·K to 8.20 J/mol·K. The work analyzes the literature data and gives the results of the evaluation of the high-temperature dependence of the heat capacity СV of the cubic titanium carbide TiC0.97 based on the data of neutron structural analysis. It has been proposed to amend in the Neumann–Kopp formula to describe the high-temperature dependence of the titanium carbide heat capacity. After the amendment, the Neumann–Kopp formula describes the results of well-known experiments on the high-temperature dependence of the heat capacity of the titanium carbide TiCx. The proposed formula takes into account the degree of thermal excitation (a quantized number) that increases in steps with increasing temperature.

The results allow us to predict the thermodynamic characteristics of titanium carbide in the temperature range of 300–3000 K and can be useful for materials scientists.
A PROPOSAL OF AN ALTERNATIVE ROUTE FOR THE REDUCTION OF IRON ORE IN THE EASTERN AMAZONIA
Authors: De Lima L. C. , Furlan Duarte J. B. , Veziroglu T. N.
Published: February 2019

Brazil has decreased the utilization of wood under the form of either charcoal or fuel wood to about 10% of its energy consumption (year 2000). The same is not true for the Brazilian Amazonia where there is a growing demand of charcoal for the production of pig iron in the Greater Carajas Program. The objective of the present study is to verify the feasibility of using electrolytic hydrogen instead of charcoal for the direct reduction of iron ore in that region. Techno, economic and environmental aspects are considered. This study can be benefcial to Brazil in general and Amazonia in particular since natural resources might be preserved and pollution avoided.
A székletkalprotektin meghatározásának szerepe a bélbetegségek diagnosztikájában és kezelésében
Authors: Iliás Ákos , Rózsa Fióna Petra , Gönczi Lóránt , Lovász Barbara Dorottya , Kürti Zsuzsanna , Lakatos Péter László
Published: February 2019

Abstract:

The diagnostics of gastrointestinal diseases have evolved significantly in the past few decades. Besides endoscopy and conventional imaging modalities, there is a growing interest for rapid point-of-care laboratory tests to help discriminate between diseases with similar clinical symptoms and/or help the follow-up of chronic conditions, predicting relapses. The fecal calprotectin testing is a routine diagnostic tool in many countries. It is also more and more accessible in Hungary as well. We aim to present a short review on the role and performance of fecal calprotectin test in the diagnosis and follow-up of gastrointestinal diseases, especially inflammatory bowel diseases, gastrointestinal infections, irritable bowel syndrome and pediatric conditions. By presenting the different cut-off values, sensitivity and specificity rates representative for each disease, we hope to further aid clinicians in decision-making regarding these conditions. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(9): 322–328.
The importance of the essential factors in the cluster
Authors: Gomez Diaz Javier
Published: February 2019

The objective proposed in this paper is to demonstrate the importance of the fundamental factors in the functioning and competitiveness of the clúster. A survey was applied to hoteliers and restaurateurs of the tourist destination of the city of Oaxaca, with information obtained correlation analysis and regression factors were made. The results show that there is a positive relationship between the factors of cooperation, social networks, knowledge and innovation, and these same relate to competitiveness. The trust factor is related to competitiveness, but showed no relation to the other fundamental factors. According to the regression knowledge and innovation are the factors that explain the competitiveness of the companies surveyed. This shows the importance of the fundamental factors for the clúster, which should be considered when implementing a clúster policy and achieve increased competitiveness.El presente artículo es resultado de una investigación científica y se ha planteado en torno al objetivo de analizar y comparar la influencia de las características personales y sociales en la predisposición a innovar en los consumidores jóvenes de Villavicencio - Colombia y Coatzacoalcos - México. Para el desarrollo se procedió a encuestar a 1591 jóvenes universitarios de las dos ciudades. El rango etario de la muestra fue entre 17 y 25 años. Para ello se contó con la colaboración de la Universidad de los Llanos y la Universidad Veracruzana. Los resultados evidencian que no existe asociación entre la predisposición a innovar y las variables de características personales o sociales estudiadas. Esto significa que una estrategia de segmentación demográfica no es suficiente, pues los determinantes del comportamiento del segmento pueden estar influenciados por sus motivaciones personales, o por las características de los productos.Este artigo é o resultado da investigação científica e tem sido levantada em torno do objetivo analisar e comparar a influência das características pessoais e sociais na predisposição para inovar jovens consumidores de Villavicencio - Colômbia e Coatzacoalcos - México. Desenvolvimento procedeu ao levantamento de 1591 estudantes universitários das duas cidades. A faixa etária da amostra foi de entre 17 e 25 anos. Para fazer isso, ele contou com a colaboração da Universidade do Llanos e Universidad Veracruzana. Os resultados mostram que não existe uma associação entre a vontade de inovar e variáveis de características pessoais ou sociais estudados. Isto significa que uma estratégia de segmentação demográfica não é suficiente, porque os determinantes do segmento de comportamento podem ser influenciados pelas suas motivações pessoais, ou as características dos produtos.
Services sector in Colombia: relationship between innovation and internationalization
Authors: Castiblanco Moreno Suelen Emilia , Castro Castell Ofelia Patricia , Gómez Ramírez Adriana Patricia
Published: February 2019

The services sector has been constituted as the most important of the national economy with a 51.1% of GDP share in 2014, however, in that same year, represented less than 0.2% in the country's exports. In this sense, the objective of this article is to identify the relationship between innovation and internationalization in the services sector in Colombia in order to understand their low participation in exports. Thus, a reference framework on the services sector is presented and a quantitative descriptive analysis of the EDITS information is carried out. From this analysis, it is concluded that the number of companies with innovation activities has decreased, that the few results of these activities are not oriented to the international markets and that they are financed almost entirely by the companies in the face of the low level of public support.El sector servicios se ha constituido como el más importante de la economía nacional con una participación del 51.1% del PIB en el 2014, sin embargo, en ese mismo año, representó menos del 0.2% en las exportaciones del país. En ese sentido, el objetivo de este artículo es identificar la relación entre innovación e internacionalización en el sector servicios en Colombia con el fin de comprender su baja participación en las exportaciones. Así, se presenta un marco de referencia sobre el sector servicios y se realiza un análisis cuantitativo descriptivo de la información de la EDITS. De este análisis se concluye que el número de empresas con actividades de innovación ha decrecido, que los pocos resultados de estas actividades no se orientan a los mercados internacionales y que son financiadas casi en su totalidad por las empresas ante el bajo nivel de apoyo público.O setor de serviços tornou-se o mais importante da economia nacional com uma quota de 51,1% do PIB em 2014, no entanto, nesse ano, representava menos de 0,2% nas exportações. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste artigo é identificar a relação entre inovação e internacionalização do setor de serviços na Colômbia a fim de compreender a sua baixa participação nas exportações. Assim, um quadro para o setor de serviços é apresentado e uma análise quantitativa descritiva das informações edições é realizada. Esta análise concluiu que o número de empresas com atividades de inovação diminuiu, os poucos resultados destas atividades não são destinados a mercados internacionais e são financiados quase inteiramente pelas empresas com o baixo nível de apoio público.
How is “stigma” conceived within the biomedical literature on trainee wellness? A directed content analysis
Authors: Lawson Nicholas , Kalet Adina
Published: February 2019

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Introduction: Institutional discrimination against trainees with suspected mental disorders has rarely been the focus of medical education research. This study explored whether such neglect might be related to the way in which stigma is conceived by academic medical researchers, and was informed by previous scholarship describing the disability models and stigma agendas believed to predominate within the medical field. The aim was to examine whether researchers might be focusing solely on the ways in which stigma prevents trainees from seeking mental health treatment, while neglecting to address mental health discrimination, as predicted by these scholars' descriptions. Methods: The authors searched PubMed and Medline for articles using combined terms wellness or wellbeing; medical student or resident or physician; and stigma and mental, published between September 12, 2011 and September 12, 2016. Directed content analysis of articles with a primary focus on mental health wellness provided counts of the words discrimination and treatment and evaluated authors' recommendations to either reduce discrimination or increase identification and mental health treatment. Results: Of the 25 articles meeting inclusion criteria, 23 used the word treatment (median = 7), while only 7 mentioned discrimination (median = 0). The authors of at least 20 articles recommended identification and treatment, but none provided any recommendations to reduce institutional discrimination. Three surveys also identified concerns about mental health discrimination that were not taken seriously by the authors of these studies. Conclusions: Current trainee wellness research appears to have largely ignored mental health discrimination as a negative influence. Such findings appear consistent with prior descriptions of a medical model of disability/services agenda to reducing stigma that has been criticized by proponents of a social model/rights agenda. Wellness researchers should take steps to reduce mental health discrimination against trainees and consider limitations of current conceptions of stigma within the medical field.
Phase composition and thermal properties of the Sakharinskoe deposit oxidized nickel ore
Authors: Selivanov E. N. , Sergeeva S. N. , Gulyaeva R. I.
Published: February 2019

X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy and X-ray microanalysis were used to determine the composition and distribution of elements in the main mineral constituents of oxidized nickel ore at the Sakhalin deposit (goethite, hematite, serpentine, talc and chlorite). The main fraction of nickel is concentrated in iron oxides, where its content reaches 2,4 %, while in magnesium silicates it does not exceed 0,4 %. The sequence and temperature intervals of transformations were established when heating ore in inert and reducing media by means of thermal analysis methods combined with mass-spectrometric analysis of gases and subsequent X-ray phase analysis of products. The temperature regimes of ore roasting for the reduction of nickel and iron from their minerals were justified. The temperature regimes of sample heating are assumed to be close to the conditions implemented in industrial units (electric furnaces) where the rate of charge heating varies within 5—15 degrees/min, up to the melting point (1450 °С) of ferronickel and slag. It is proposed to use information on material composition, thermal properties and metal forms in ore to select regimes and technologies for their pyro-or hydrometallurgical processing. Nickel and iron recovery from oxides in CO environment occurs above 800 °С, while serpentines remain stable up to 1200 °С. The use of coke as a reducing agent allows reducing iron and nickel from serpentines at temperatures above 1250 °С. The obtained data were used to substantiate the operating conditions of roaster and electric furnaces during ferronickel smelting from oxidized ores. When roasting, resulting ferronickel particles will contain 2—4 % Ni. Completing recovery processes in the electric furnace will ensure metal recovery from magnesium silicates, which will slightly increase the nickel content in ferro-nickel.
Analysis of non-equal-channel angular pressing scheme applied for obtaining magnesium sheet in cold state
Authors: Loginov Yu. N. , Volkov A. Yu , Kamenetsky B. I.
Published: February 2019

Deformation patterns of rolling, equal-channel angular pressing and non-equal-channel angular pressing were evaluated. It is noted that when rolling, it is difficult to transfer a circular section preform into a rectangular section with a small thickness. This problem cannot be solved using equal-channel angular pressing. In connection with this, it is proposed to use a non-equal-channel angular pressing pattern to study the cast structure of magnesium. An experimental procedure based on cold extrusion of cylinders with a diameter of 42 mm and a height of 40 mm is described. The strip at the outlet was 40 mm in width and 1 mm in thickness. The percentage reduction of the preform material determined by the ratio of areas was 96 % with a draw ratio of 17. The specific pressures on the punch at the beginning ofthe extrusion process were 1200—1300 MPa, and extrusion force was 1670—1800 kN. The preform was cut into lengths that were rolled at a room temperature into 50 and 10 pm thick foils without intermediate annealing. Rolling was carried out on the Duo mill with a percentage reduction of 12—20 % at an average speed of 0,1 m/s. 20 passes were performed with a total relative reduction of 95 % to make the 50 pm thick foil. The results of computer simulation by the finite element method demonstrated that the constant value of the deformation degree is achieved at a rather considerable distance from the front end estimated as 50 times the thickness of the strip. The deformation rate field was calculated to determine the configuration of the deformation center. Energy costs were estimated. As a result of the completed set of calculated and experimental work, it was possible to establish the following — it is possible to produce a thin sheet preform from a cylindrical cast magnesium blank in one operation at a room temperature. The sheet blank has a level of ductility sufficient for subsequent sheet rolling. The sheet blank obtained in the proposed process has a high level of plastic deformation elaboration created due to the forming pattern with the high level of elongation and shear deformation. Despite the high level of pressure that must be applied to create a comprehensive compression scheme taking into account the lack of the need to heat the preform, energy costs are no higher than in traditional treatment processes.
Efficiency of electrochemical membrane cleaning of process solutions from copper sulphate and trisodium phosphate
Authors: Abonosimov O. A. , Lazarev S. I. , Kotenev S. I. , Selivanov I. V. , Polyanskiy K. K.
Published: February 2019

The paper considers the potential practical application of an electrochemical membrane method in the process of copper sulfate and trisodium phosphate removal from industrial water. The research objects were process solutions containing copper sulfate and trisodium phosphate and semipermeable polymeric membranes with various selective permeability characteristics. The study covers the effect that the transmembrane parameters of electromembrane separation have on the main kinetic characteristics of MGA-95P and OPM-K membranes in the process of copper smelting production water treatment. Approximation expressions were obtained to calculate membrane rejection rate depending on the physicochemical basis of the semipermeable membrane polymer, transmembrane pressure as well as process solution concentration and temperature. Empirical coefficients were determined to calculate and predict rejection rate values that can be used in the design of laboratory, pilot and industrial units used in the separation, treatment and concentration of industrial and waste water. The mathematical model of mass transfer was developed for electrochemical membrane separation taking into account assumptions made based on the solutions of the Nernst—Planck and Poisson—Boltzmann equations. This model allows for process physical description and calculations of concentration fields in the intermembrane channel and concentration changes in permeate and retentate lines. The mathematical model was checked for adequacy by comparing experimental data on retention rate with theoretical values where discrepancies between the experimental and theoretical data were within the limits of the experimental error and the error of calculated values.
Single Nucleus RNAseq Sample Prep from Nodose Ganglia v1
Authors: Preissl Sebastian , Verheyden Jamie , Sun Xin
Published: February 2019

How to isolate single nucei from nodose vagal ganglia neurons in preparation for 10XGenomics sequencing.
Tissue lysis and digestion for MS analysis v1
Authors: Kotol David
Published: February 2019

Here, a workflow for sample preparation and quantification of brain and pancreatic tissue proteins with use of heavy labelled protein standards (QPrESTs) is described. The standards are added before the digestion ensuring high reproducibility and elimination of nuances apearing during proteolytical cleavage of proteins and further steps such as solid phase extraction. QPrESTs are heavy labelled recombinant protein fragments covering regions of proteins with low homology and span over 50-150 aminoacids. They were produced as a part of Human Protein Atlas project in auxotrofic E.coli and individually purified, serving as an excelent resource for MS-based protein quantification.
A közösségi gazdaság (sharing economy) definiálásának dilemmái
Authors: Dudás Gábor , Boros Lajos
Published: February 2019

Napjainkban egyre nagyobb teret hódít a közösségi gazdaság (sharing economy), amely az internet és az infokommunikációs technológiák által kínált lehetőségek révén megváltoztatja a fogyasztási szokásokat, és a „normál” piaci logikától eltérő működésének köszönhetően számos területen hat a fogyasztási szerkezetre, az árakra, és egyre jelentősebb kihívást jelent a hagyományos piaci szereplők számára – nem egy esetben komoly konfliktusokat generálva a hagyományos és az új piaci szereplők között. Annak ellenére, hogy a közösségi gazdaság jelensége és a hozzá kapcsolt vállalatok és szolgáltatások egyre jobban a hétköznapok részévé válnak, a kutatók és a közvélemény számára homályos a sharing economy konkrét fogalma: vajon mit is jelent ez a meghatározás, és milyen szolgáltatások tartoznak a sharing economy körébe. Számos esetben a közösségi gazdaság fogalmát ernyőfogalomként használják, beleértve minden olyan tevékenységet, amely a technológiai változások következtében alakult ki. Ezek azonban túl tág megfogalmazások, így szükség van pontosabb értelmezésre, amely figyelembe veszi a sharing economy kialakulásához vezető technológiai, társadalmi és gazdasági változásokat is. A tanulmány célja, hogy a hazai és nemzetközi szakirodalom alapján röviden áttekintse a sharing economy fogalmi kérdéseit, és bemutassa, hogy milyen problémák kapcsolhatók a fogalom definiálásához. Emellett megfogalmazzuk saját véleményünket a közösségi gazdaság értelmezéséről.
Közép-Ázsia közlekedése: nagyra törő tervek, kevés fejlődés
Authors: Bucsky Péter
Published: February 2019

A Szovjetunió összeomlását követően a közép-ázsiai térségben a határok meghúzása komoly, máig tartó feszültségeket okozott. A rendszerváltás a gazdaságok erőteljes visszaesésével járt, jelentős társadalmi kihatásokkal és a szállítási igények drasztikus csökkenésével. A közép-ázsiai, ma már 70 milliós lakosságú térségben öt állam jött létre 1993-ban. A függetlenséggel új gazdasági, kereskedelmi kapcsolatokat kellett keresni, amelyekhez új közlekedési infrastruktúrára is szükség volt. A kicsi és szétszórt lakossághoz új közlekedési kapcsolatok építése nehéz feladat egy olyan térségben, ahol óriásiak a távolságok és a délkeleti részen jelentősek a természeti akadályok, valamint a közlekedési és logisztikai rendszer nemzetközi összehasonlításban kifejezetten alacsony színvonalú.

Fontos kérdés, hogy mennyire tudott ez a térség a világgazdaságba integrálódni. A térség fejlesztésére több kezdeményezés is született, több esetben a külső partnerek kezdeményezésére és nem a térség országainak együttműködésével. Cikkemben azt vizsgálom, hogy milyen változások történtek a térség közlekedési infrastruktúrájában, tudott-e ez a megváltozott gazdasági helyzethez alkalmazkodni, illetve mely fejlesztési kezdeményezések értek el hosszabb távon is jelentős hatást.
VAISHNAVA REMINISCENCES OF POSTMODERNIST CIVILIZATION
Authors: Dobrodum O.
Published: February 2019

The purpose of the article is to focus attention on the place of Vaishnavism as one of the forms of postmodern expression in modern civilization. Research results – identification of the particularities of the representation of India in the postmodern era, the rather conservative and at the same time exclusively innovative and high-tech, post-modernization of the Hindu narrative, the specificity of the philosophical reflection of Vaishnavism as a manifestation of Hinduism. Scientific novelty – analysis of oriental / Neo-Hindu discourses in the postmodern context.
NUDGE AS A METHOD OF COMMUNICATIVE INFLUENCE
Authors: Krikun V.
Published: February 2019

The paper contains information about the essence and peculiarities of nudge as method of influence within communicative practice. The purpose of the paper is: to consider the essence and peculiarities of nudge as method of influence; to determine the effectiveness of the application of nudge methodology within communicative practice. The results demonstrated the possibility to increase of influence effectiveness in communication when using nudge methodology.
UKRAINE: EARLY REBELLIONS FOR INDEPENDENCE KHMELNYTSKY & MAZEPA
Authors: McGrath C.
Published: February 2019

The purpose of the article is to highlight two pivotal events in Ukrainian history which contain archetypal figures for current Ukrainian national identity. The focus on telling the stories from the Ukrainian perspective and understanding the elements of the hero's journey within the stories, the archetypes at play, as well as the counter narrative adds a unique approach to understanding the complex history shaping Ukrainian identity and fueling the current conflict between Russia and Ukraine, and among the Ukrainian people. Understanding the main points of the stories from the Ukrainian perspective, and how they support Ukrainian national identity will help US policy makers in spotting and understanding the Russian counter narratives and how they are used to influence Russian, Ukrainian and western audiences.
LOGIC OF COMPUTATIONAL COMPLEXITY
Authors: Petik I.
Published: February 2019

The paper centers on building the semantics of the modal metatheory for studying the classes of algorithmic complexity. Further the effectiveness of this calculus is studied on the example of researching the famous problem of computational complexity theory – the question of equality of the classes P and NP. The new theoretical and methodological approach to the problem is provided. The original semantics was developed that can be used for description of relations between classes of algorithmic complexity from the complexity theory. On the basis of this semantics the complete calculus of the logic of the computational complexity can be developed in future. It is the first time when modal logic is used for studying the relations between classes of algorithmic complexity. New theoretical and methodological approaches to the classical problems of the complexity theory are proposed. Paper matters for computer science, philosophy of mathematics, logic and theory of algorithms, cryptography.
Muro em queda: Projeto para uma teoria da linguagem em Walter Benjamin/ Wall falling: Project for a theory of language in Walter Benjamin
Authors: Ketzer Estevan Negreiros
Published: February 2019

Resumo: O presente artigo propõe pensar os elementos iniciais no pensamento de Walter Benjamin acerca de uma teoria da linguagem. A questão a partir da qual o centro de sua indagação passa a ser a superficialidade e a falta de vinculação do ser humano com o ato nominativo, vulgarizando-se no decorrer do tempo, obtendo seu ápice na era moderna. A ideia na qual o ser humano se afastou de sua essência está relacionada a uma indistinção da realidade a partir da tradição grega do logos. Como crítica ao fundamento grego, Benjamin recorre à tradição da ciência cabalística hebraica ao realizar uma leitura do capítulo primeiro do pentateuco.Palavras chave: Walter Benjamin; Teoria da Linguagem; Cabala; Pentateuco.Abstract: The present article proposes to think the initial elements in Walter Benjamin’s thought on a theory of the language. The question from which the center of his inquiry becomes the superficiality and lack of attachment of the human being to the nominative act, becoming without value through the time, getting its apex in the modern age. The idea in which the human being departed from its essence is related to an indistinction of reality from the Greek tradition of logos. As a criticism of the Greek foundation, Benjamin resorts to the Hebrew Kabbalistic tradition to read the first chapter of the Pentateuch.Keywords: Walter Benjamin; Language Theory; Kabbala; Pentateuch.
Dialogando com prógonos e epígonos: Walter Benjamin relê o materialismo histórico/ Dialoguing with forerunners and epigones: Walter Benjamin rereads historical materialism
Authors: Del Lama Fernando Araújo
Published: February 2019

Resumo: O presente artigo pretende iluminar a releitura do materialismo histórico proposta por Walter Benjamin a partir do debate com seus prógonos (Marx e Engels) e com alguns de seus epígonos (sobretudo a socialdemocracia alemã, mas também o socialismo soviético de estirpe stalinista), visando encontrar alguns elementos nos primeiros que lhe permitam apoiar a crítica do progresso que ele endereça aos últimos. Ele recorre, ao longo da argumentação, a textos nos quais Benjamin discute sua interpretação do materialismo histórico, fundada em uma ruptura radical com a ideologia do progresso, tais como as teses Sobre o conceito de história e o ensaio sobre Eduard Fuchs, e conclui indicando uma afinidade entre crítica do progresso, crítica do positivismo, elementos românticos e o espírito do marxismo em tal interpretação.Palavras-chave: Walter Benjamin; materialismo histórico; crítica do progresso; Sobre o conceito de história; socialdemocracia alemã.Abstract:This paper intends to illuminate the re-reading of the historical materialism proposed by Walter Benjamin as from the debate with its forerunners (Marx and Engels) and with some of its epigones (especially German Social Democracy, but also Stalinist-strain Soviet Socialism), aiming to find some elements in the first that allow him to support the critique of progress that he addresses to the last ones. Throughout the argument, it resorts to texts in which Benjamin discusses his interpretation of historical materialism, which is founded on a radical break with the ideology of progress, such as the thesis On the Concept of History and the essay on Eduard Fuchs, and concludes by indicating an affinity between critique of progress, critique of positivism, romantic elements and the spirit of Marxism in such an interpretation.Keywords: Walter Benjamin, historical materialism, critique of progress, On theConcept of History, German Social Democracy.
Apresentação - Barbárie e Memória Ética
Authors: Pandolfo Alexandre Costi , Ribeiro Helano
Published: February 2019

Texto de apresentação do número especial dos Cadernos Benajminianos