bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Między grzecznością językową a perswazją. Leksykalne środki wyrazu w listach otwartych we współczesnym języku chińskim
Authors: Zajdler Ewa , Żydaczewski Michał
Published: January 2024

Tematem artykułu jest słownictwo we współczesnym języku chińskim zastosowane w listach otwartych o charakterze dyrektywnym. Ta szczególna wypowiedź pisemna pozbawiona jest dialogowości, choć podlega konwencjom epistolarnym. Skierowana do adresata i intencjonalnie udostępniona szerszemu gronu odbiorców jest nie tylko narzędziem komunikacji, ale też językowym działaniem, którego celem jest poruszenie w przestrzeni publicznej kwestii społecznych i zaktywizowanie decydentów – często adresatów – i/lub społeczności. Zbadano 33 listy z ChRL, Tajwanu i Hongkongu, wykazujące dyrektywny charakter. W zakresie przyjętych norm zachowań językowych zwrócono uwagę na formy grzecznościowe, nacechowanie leksemów i fraz wywierające pośredni wpływ na zachowanie odbiorcy oraz bezpośredni charakter wywierania nacisku w działaniach perswazyjnych. Przeanalizowano stałe człony listów, tj. inicjalny i finalny oraz treść listów pod kątem środków leksykalnych i leksykalno-syntaktycznych w języku chińskim, poszukując w nich grzeczności językowej, honoryfikatywności i dyrektywności. Wśród leksemów znalazły się zaimki osobowe umniejszające nadawcę i wywyższające odbiorcę, honoryfikatywny klasyfikator osobowy i zaimek upowszechniający nacechowany honoryfikatywnie. Kluczową rolę w wyrażaniu dyrektywności okazały się mieć czasowniki o różnym stopniu oddziaływania na odbiorców, poprzez wyrażanie nadziei, oczekiwania, prośby, przymusu lub podziękowania oraz czasowniki posiłkowe i grupy wyrazowe – wszystkie w sugestywnym tonie. Analiza jakościowa, omówiona dla zaprezentowanych w artykule przykładowych fragmentów listów, pozwoliła (dla całego materiału) wyłonić leksemy i grupy wyrazowe, kształtujące dyrektywność w listach otwartych w granicach grzeczności i sugestywności. Przekroczenie granicy perswazji można przypisać jedynie grupie wyrazowej zakazu 不要 bùyào ‛nie (w trybie rozkazującym)’/‛nie wolno’. Formułowanie dyrektyw wymaga zatem kompetencji językowych nie tylko w zakresie konwencji grzeczności językowej, ale także dużego wyczucia nacechowania wyrazów honoryfikatywnością i sugestywnością.
Tekirdağ için sis hadisesi ile hava kirliliği ilişkisi
Authors: ENGİN İhsan Burak , YAVUZ Veli
Published: January 2024

Hava kirliliği, sanayileşmenin yaygınlaşması, artan araç sayısı, tarımsal faaliyetler ve şehirleşme gibi faktörler neticesinde dünya genelinde ciddi bir sorun teşkil etmektedir. Hava kalitesinin bozulmasına sebep olan temel faktör ise hava kirletici konsantrasyon değerlerindeki artıştır. Meteorolojik hadiselerden biri olan sis fenomeni, kararlı atmosferik koşullarda meydana gelen ve belirli bir bölgede hava kirletici emisyonlarının hapsolmasına sebebiyet vererek bunların konsantrasyonlarının artmasına neden olan önemli faktörlerden biridir. Bu çalışmada, Tekirdağ ili için 2018-2022 yılları arası için sisli ve sisli olmayan günlerdeki kirletici konsantrasyonları analiz edilerek aralarındaki ilişki ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Tekirdağ Çorlu Havalimanı tarafından yayımlanan havacılık rasatları kullanılarak sisli ve sisli olmayan günlerin tespiti yapılmıştır. Ayrıca, havalimanı rasatlarından temin edilen bazı meteorolojik parametrelerin (sıcaklık, çiy noktası sıcaklığı, rüzgar şiddeti/yönü ve bağıl nem) analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Sisli ve tüm günlerdeki hava kalitesi değerlerine erişim için T.C. Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı tarafından ücretsiz olarak halka sunulan hava kalitesi veri bankası kullanılmıştır. Sisli günler için aylık ve yıllık bazda analizler gerçekleştirilmiş, meteorolojik parametrelerin bu periyotlardaki değişimleri incelenmiş ve hava kirletici parametrelerinden partikül madde (PM10) için sisli ve tüm günlerdeki konsantrasyon değerlerindeki değişimler irdelenmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, diğer tüm günlere oranla PM10 konsantrasyon değerlerinin sisli günlerde daha çok olduğu gözlenmiş, sonbahar ve kış mevsimlerinde sisli gün sayılarındaki artışa paralel olarak kirletici yoğunluğunun arttığı tespit edilmiştir.
Sıçanlarda tüm vücut PEMF cihaz etkisi için in-silico çalışma
Authors: GEYİKOĞLU Miraç Dilruba
Published: January 2024

Darbeli elektromanyetik alan (PEMF) stimülasyonu, cilt yara iyileşmesini, doku rejenerasyonu, kan damarı rejenerasyonu, kaynamayan kemik kırıklarının onarımı, dental tedavi gibi birçok uygulamada kullanılmaya başlanmış invazif olmayan bir terapötik modalitedir. Fakat bildiğimiz kadarıyla terapötik etkilerinin yanı sıra elektromanyetik alanın dokular üzerinde oluşturacağı olası yan etkiler detaylı olarak araştırılmamıştır. Bu çalışmada tüm vücut üzerinde kullanılan PEMF cihazlarının, dokular üzerinde oluşturacağı yan etkiler incelenmiştir. Simülasyonlar için elektromanyetik alan simülasyon yazılımı CST Studio Suite kullanılmıştır. Simülasyonlarda kullanılmak üzere farklı frekans (100 Hz, 100 kHz ve 27 MHz) ve farklı manyetik alan (0.25mT, 0.5mT ve 1mT) çıkışları verebilen RF bobini tasarlanmıştır. CST kütüphanesinde bulunan gerçekçi sıçan modeli kullanılmıştır. Simülasyonun gerçekçi bir ortamda yapılabilmesi için sıçan elektrik ve termal özellikleri ilgili frekans değerine göre Debye denklemleri aracılığıyla hesaplanmıştır. Simülasyon EM ve termal analiz olarak iki aşamada gerçekleştirilmiştir. EM simülasyon ile dokular üzerinde oluşan özgül soğurma oranı, termal analiz ile dokular üzerinde oluşan sıcaklık dağılımı incelenmiştir. Farklı frekans ve manyetik alan yoğunluk değerlerine göre PEMF cihazının oluşturduğu etkiler kıyaslamalı olarak sunulmuştur. Sonuçlara göre 27 MHz frekansında üç farklı manyetik alan yoğunluğu için de en yüksek SAR değeri oluşumu gözlemlenmiştir. Dolayısıyla en yüksek sıcaklık farkı 0.7 °C ile yine bu frekansta oluşmuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı farklı frekans ve farklı manyetik alan değerlerine göre simülasyon ortamında (a) sıçan üzerinde oluşan EM etkilerini belirlemek ve (b) oluşturacağı termal etkilerin yan tepki üretip üretemeyeceğini belirlemektir. Bu sayede invazif olmayan klinik PEMF cihazlarının iyileştirilmeleri mümkün hale gelecek ve elektromanyetik alanların dokularla etkileşimi hakkında ek bilgi sağlayacaktır.
Improving the slake durability index values of tuff with a water-based copolymer treatment
Authors: KURŞUNOĞLU Nilüfer , ANKARA Hüseyin
Published: January 2024

Tuff has been used as a natural building stone in the construction industry since the earliest times. Tuff is slight, simple to manufacture, and has good isolation qualities, which is why it is used so frequently despite its low strength characteristics and high porosity. In this study, samples of white and pink tuff from the regions of Derbent and Gümele districts of Eskisehir province were treated with a water-based (water-soluble) copolymer bath to evaluate their endurance to atmospheric conditions. Spherical samples were subjected to 30-minute slake durability index testing in a water-based copolymer bath. The index values of the initial spherical samples were contrasted with the index values from the fourth cycle of the spherical samples that had received the copolymer bath treatment. Although the index values of the original spherical samples were determined to be 92.22% and 95.32%, respectively, the index values of the spherical sample sets treated with a water-based copolymer bath were determined to be 98.29% and 98.83%, respectively. The study results indicate that spherical samples with a water-based copolymer bath treatment had a greater impact on improving the slake durability index values compared to spherical samples without treatment.
Potansiyel karbonik anhidraz I ve II inhibitör keşfi: D-Penisilamin türevleri
Authors: KORKMAZ Işıl Nihan
Published: January 2024

Protein yapısına katılmayan bir aminoasit türevi olan penisilamin; bir karboksilik asit, bir tiyol ve aminden oluşan üç işlevli bir organik moleküldür. Başta Wilson hastalığı olmak üzere birçok hastalığın tedavisinde kullanılan D-Penisilamin (PEN-1), N-Asetil-D-Penisilamin (PEN-2) ve D-Penisilamin disülfit (PEN-3) in vitro koşullarda karbonik anhidraz I ve II (hCA I, hCA II) izoezimleri üzerindeki inhibisyon etkileri araştırıldı. İnsan eritrosit hücrelerinden hCA I, hCA II enzimleri izole edildi. Saflaştırılan her iki enzimin D-Penisilamin ve türevleri tarafından etkili bir şekilde inhibe edildiği belirlendi. PEN-1, PEN-2 ve PEN-3 moleküllerinin IC50 değerleri hCA I için sırasıyla 387.21; 407.49 ve 106.75 µM, hCA II için sırasıyla 563.72; 364.87 ve 136.91 µM olarak hesaplandı. Bütün moleküller için inhibisyon tipi her iki enzimde de yarışmalı inhibisyon olarak belirlendi.
CONTENT DOMINANTS OF EDUCATION AS A PROCESS OF PERSONALITY APPROACH TO SPIRITUAL AND MORAL VALUES
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Levytska Liudmyla
Published: January 2024

The article reveals the content dominants of education as a process of personal ascent to spiritual and moral values; education of acitizen and patriot as a process of forming a harmoniously developed, highly educated, socially active and nationally conscious person endowed with deep public responsibility. The content of the process of education and formation of professional qualities of student youth of higher education institutions of Ukraine in combination with professional knowledge, abilities, and skills is outlined. The priority of national-patriotic and civic education in Ukraine, which reflects the process of national-ethnic revival of the Ukrainian nation and involves the recognition of national values as determining, is determined. These include: the Ukrainian idea, which embodies the desire for statehood and unity, patriotism and readiness for self-sacrifice in the event of the need to protect the Motherland, a sense of national self-respect and dignity, historical memory, respect for state and national symbols, love for native culture, language, national holidays and traditions, respect for the Constitution of Ukraine and democratically elected government officials, orientation of one's own efforts on the development of the state and the desire to build a just state system, opposition to anti-Ukrainian ideology, desire for the development of the spiritual life of Ukrainians. The essence of civic, patriotic, international, political, moral education is revealed, as they contribute to the formation of universal values, characterizing the social activity of an individual, his citizenship as a complex social and moral phenomenon. Aspects of formation of professional value orientations of future teachers are highlighted; teacher's value orientations as a system of personally realized humanistic values. The problem of professional training and education of student youth is outlined as a single process of intellectual development of the personality, covering the entire set of elements of education, education and professional training. Education is revealed as a complex process of influencing a person, his skills and moral essence, interests. Pedagogical conditions are singled out, the need to apply them in a certain sequence will stimulate the process of forming value orientations of future teachers.
Atypical Forms of Lower Limb Varicose Vein Disease: Features of Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment
Authors: Shanayev Ivan N. , Korbut Viktor S. , Khashumov Ruslan M.
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: Lower limb varicose vein disease (LLVVD) is the most common vascular disease with a predominant lesion of the main trunks of saphenous veins. At the same time, there exist atypical variants of lesion of the venous system in LLVVD, which cause difficulties in diagnosis and treatment.
AIM: To study the incidence rate, anatomical bases of the varicose transformation, the features of reflux formation and the results of surgical treatment in atypical forms of LLVVD.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 600 patients with LLVVD, C2-C3 class of clinical manifestations in CEAP classification; 82 of them had atypical forms. The mean age of patients was 40.2 ± 9.2 years, duration of disease 15.0 ± 5.6 years. Duplex scanning of the lower limb venous system was conducted according to Russian recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic venous disorders of lower limbs of 2018. Patients with atypical forms of LLVVD additionally underwent computed tomography of the venous system with contrast. Surgical treatment of 50 patients with atypical forms of LLVVD included separation of the site of opening of a tributary in the area of saphenofemoral junction after preliminary marking and isolated elimination of varicose tributaries using Muller hooks; incompetent perforating veins were ligated at the epi- or subfascial levels depending on the location. The results were considered in the periods for up to two years.
RESULTS: According to our data, the incidence of atypical forms of LLVVD was 13.7%. Lesion of the large tributaries of the main saphenous veins accounted for the highest proportion of atypical forms of LLVVD — 68.3%. Of these, varicose transformation of the anterolateral tributary made 98.2%, and of the superficial iliac circumflex vein — 1.8%. Isolated varicose transformation of perforating veins occurred in 31.7% of cases, where transformation of perforating veins of the gluteal area made 7.7%, of perforating veins of the posterolateral surface of the thigh — 46.2%, and of perforating veins of the patella region — 46.2%. The technical success in the postoperative period in the form of elimination of varicose saphenous veins and of the source of their incompetence was achieved in 100% of cases.
CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of atypical forms of LLVVD is 13.7%, with the main trunks of saphenous veins remaining competent. The anatomical and hemodynamic basis for such forms of LLVVD is incompetence of the deep vein valves, from where the reflux is transmitted to tributaries of the saphenofemoral junction and/or perforating veins of the gluteal region, femoral region or popliteal fossa. Precise separation of varicose tributaries and perforating veins with preservation of the main trunks of subcutaneous veins is an organ-saving method of LLVVD treatment with a good effect in the follow-up period of up to two years.
The State of Colon Microbiocenosis and Antioxidant Properties of Rat Colonocytes in Environmental Dysbiosis and Use of Probiotic Bifidumbacterin® and Symbiotic Acipol®
Authors: Korolev Vladimir A. , Medvedeva Ol'ga A. , Ryadnova Vera A. , Shevchenko Alina V. , Korolev Ivan V. , Korolev Egor V.
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: The microbial community of the colon is a single microecological system which quickly responds to the exposure to external and internal factors with quantitative and qualitative changes with the result of development of the condition termed dysbiosis. The changes in the composition of colon microbiocenosis can lead to a number of diseases and to the development of immunopathological and allergic conditions.
AIM: To evaluate the state of the colon microbiocenosis and antioxidant properties of rats’ colonocytes against a background environmental dysbiosis and the use of probiotic Bifidumbacterin® and symbiotic Acipol®.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the experiment, intoxication in rats was modeled with the fungicide Thiram® (dimethylcarbamothioylsulfanyl N,N-dimethylcarbamodithioate, 1.6 mg per animal of 200 g mass) for 28 days, which led to the development of environmental dysbiosis. The detected changes were subsequently corrected within 21 days with the probiotic Bifidumbacterin® (0.14 ml per animal of 200 g mass) and the symbiotic Acipol® (0.08 ml per animal of 200 g mass). The composition of the microflora of colon mucosa of rats was studied using a bacteriological method. The activity of antioxidant protection enzymes of colonocytes was studied by the content of superoxide dismutase and catalase. The condition of lipid peroxidation processes was assessed by the content of diene conjugates and malondialdehyde.
RESULTS: In introduction of Thiram®, reduction of the amount of obligate and opportunistic representatives of colon microbiocenosis was noted, as well as intensification of lipid peroxidation processes in the conditions of weakening of antioxidant protection in colonocytes. Application of Bifidumbacterin® and Acipol® resulted in increase in the amount of obligate bacteria and decrease in the content of opportunists of the colon microbiota with the strongest effect of Acipol® on the values of the determined parameters. When studying changes in biochemical parameters in animal colonocytes, both drugs were found to contribute to the normalization of the content of malondialdehyde in the colon tissue, besides, Acipol® led to a decrease in the concentration of diene conjugates in colonocytes.
CONCLUSION: Introduction of Thiram® in all the specified periods affected the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbiota and biochemical parameters in the colonocytes of the animals. The use of Bifidumbacterin® and Acipol® preparations resulted in the restoration of the qualitative and quantitative composition of colonic microorganisms, and also had a positive effect on the content of lipid peroxidation products in colonocytes, but more efficient was found to be Acipol® symbiotic.
Change in Frequency Modulation of Electroencephalographic Activity in Imaginary and Real Limb Movement
Authors: Тurovskiу Yaroslav А. , Davydova Anastasiya S. , Alekseyev Viktor Yu.
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: Investigation of electroencephalographic activity as a marker of cognitive processes in the brain traditionally focuses on the analysis in the frequency domain considering rhythms of encephalogram (EEG) as potential carriers of information needed for research. At the same time, analysis of the EEG frequency modulation effects requires improvement of approaches in the field of digital signal processing. Taking into account the fact that frequency modulation of EEG, as well as amplitude modulation, can be a marker of a number of states, it seems promising to develop a method for detecting this phenomenon and using it to evaluate a number of parameters of the brain dynamics associated with biological feedback systems. AIM: To evaluate the phenomena of frequency modulation when the user performs tasks associated with the control of external devices based on the brain–computer interface, implemented in the phenomena of electrical activity in the motor cortex area.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: To obtain the data, a group of thirty volunteers of both genders aged 17 to 23 years was formed. The participants of the experiment had to execute four commands and repeat them in an unknown order set by the program. The experiment was conducted in two ways: physically and mentally. That is, in the first method, each command corresponded to a certain movement of a person, in the second — the same commands were executed in imagination, the movement was imagined mentally. The command was considered successfully executed if the volunteer managed to repeat and hold the position set by the program for two seconds.
RESULTS: Based on the developed method for evaluating the frequency modulation of the EEG, the dynamics of the electrical activity of the brain was studied in the range of 9 Hz to 12 Hz when a user was performing real and imaginary movements. A comparative analysis showed that the differences were mostly recorded in the condition when the subject did not achieve the goal. At the same time, the differences to a greater extent were observed in the experiments where the subject had to make real, rather than imaginary movements. The significant differences between low- and high-frequency modulations were associated with the inability for the user to generate the requested command, which he could see by the biofeedback mechanism. It has been established that the greater the number of high-frequency restructures observed on the EEG, the smaller number of low-frequency restructures occur at the same epoch of analysis.
CONCLUSION: The results obtained considerably expand the understanding of the mechanisms of frequency modulation of the EEG. In general, the methods and algorithms underlying the analysis that permitted their identification can be used to solve a wide range of tasks related to processing of EEG signals, including improvement of methods for detecting user errors by EEG when controlling brain-computer interface devices.
Neurophysiological Factors Associated with Compression and Reflex Mechanisms of Lower Back Pain
Authors: Barinova Irina A. , Erkhova Liliya  N. , Zhadnov Vladimir A. , Zorin Roman A. , Kiryukhina Nadezhda N. , Kosolapov Andrey A. , Leonov Gennadiy A. , Burshinov Aleksandr O.
Published: January 2024

Introduction: Vertebrogenic pain syndromes (PSs) in the lower back (LB) are among the most common neurological disorders in the population. Currently, clinical, neurophysiological and neuroimaging characteristics are used as predictors of the course and effectiveness of the treatment for vertebrogenic PSs in the LB.
Aim: To identify the neurophysiological factors associated with compression and reflex mechanisms of PSs in the LB for their differentiation in complicated diagnostic cases.
Materials and methods: The study included 73 patients, 43 of them men and 30 women of the mean age 46.5 years. Based on the results of clinical neurological examination and the magnetic resonance imaging data, reflex vertebrogenic PSs (lumboischialgia) were verified in 40 cases, and radiculopathy of L5 and/or S1 (compression vertebrogenic PSs) in 33 cases. The patients underwent stimulation electroneuromyography with record of motor and sensory responses from the lower limbs, of F- and H-response, and examination of heart rate variability.
Results: Logit regression analysis was used to create models permitting to divide patients into groups with different mechanisms of PSs based on the neurophysiological parameters. The first model demonstrated high sensitivity in the identification of predominantly compression vertebrogenic disorders with the independent factors being the mean F-wave latency and the sensory response amplitude. The second model was more sensitive in identification of reflex PSs with the main predictors being the F-response amplitude and heart rate variability parameters.
Conclusion: The identified factors reflect the role of conduction disorders in compression PSs, as well as the involvement of segmental motor neuronal apparatus and autonomic regulatory mechanisms in the reaction in reflex PSs, which are additional sources of information in taking medical decisions in complicated diagnostic cases.
Development of Methods to Obtain Grafts for the Anterior Abdominal Wall in Surgical Treatment of External Abdominal Hernias
Authors: Magomedrasulova Asiyat A. , Chernykh Aleksandr V. , Shevtsov Artem N. , Aydiyev Gamzat A. , Leibovich Boris E. , Pul'ver Aleksandr Yu. , Pul'ver Natal'ya A. , Cherednikov Evgeniy F.
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: Currently, tissue engineering is one of the most promising fields of medicine dealing with search for solutions to the problems of creation of biocompatible structures capable of partial or complete replacement of organs or tissues of an organism. An advanced method of tissue engineering implies using an extracellular matrix (ECM) cleared from the cellular material. The main problem of obtaining an ECM consists in the difficulty of selecting a suitable decellularization method and exposure time.
AIM: Development of a method for obtaining grafts for the anterior abdominal wall (AAW) and evaluation of the histological properties of the ECM to determine the optimal protocol for donor tissue decellularization providing a complete removal of cellular material without any significant damage to the scaffold.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experiments were conducted on 10 White Flemish Giant male rabbits. All the animals were withdrawn from the experiment, after which, on autopsy, AAW grafts were obtained for evaluation of the decellularization properties of three detergents (alkaline solutions): 2% SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate) solution, 2% CHAPS (zwitterionic surfactant, 3-[(3-cholamidopropyl)-dimethylammonio]-2-hydroxy-1-propansulfonate) solution, and 1% Triton-X 100 solution. The decellularization quality was controlled in histological examination.
RESULTS: Morphological evaluation of tissue samples revealed that after decellularization of the material with 2% SDS solution and 2% CHAPS solution, the number of cells remaining in the preparations was comparable and significantly less (Me = 10 in a microscope field) than after treatment with 1% Triton-X 100 solution (Me = 45 in a microscope field). However, decellularization with 2% CHAPS solution led to fiber ruptures and tissue edema manifested by an increase in the distance between the fibers (Me = 163 µm).
CONCLUSIONS: Decellularization of the anterior abdominal wall tissues with 2% SDS solution provides a sufficient cell elimination while preserving the fiber integrity and ECM structure. 2% CHAPS solution was comparable to 2% SDS solution in terms of the quality of cell elements removal, but its more aggressive effect on collagen fibers was noted (their multiple ruptures and a more pronounced edema). 1% Triton-X 100 solution appeared to be of low efficiency in elimination of cellular material, although it had a minimal effect on the integrity of ECM network.
Rhinophyma in a Patient with Multibacterial Indeterminate Leprosy
Authors: Nabiyeva Antonina R. , Lutsenko Anna V. , Shelepova Tat'yana N. , Voronina Lyudmila P.
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: According to the clinical recommendations, the primacy in diagnosis of leprosy still remains with the laboratory methods, but the disease can also be suspected by the external pathological alterations in the face and limbs. This article presents a case report of one of leprosy masks commonly observed in lepromatous form of multibacterial leprosy (facies leonine), and also shows a combination of leprosy and acne rosacea in the form of rhinophyma.
CONCLUSION: Differential diagnosis did not permit the authors to rest only on the diagnosis of leprosy, because too many details indicated the simultaneous presence of vascular and fibrous alterations of the soft nose tissues uncharacteristic of leprosy, which were diagnosed as a concomitant rhinophyma. The case is indicative as an example of a possible combination of vivid clinical manifestations of two diseases of different nature, which can both hide and imitate each other.
Evaluation of Cognitive and Biochemical Brain Status in Patients after Carotid Endarterectomy
Authors: Kalinin Roman E. , Suchkov Igor’ A. , Pshennikov Aleksandr S. , Zorin Roman A. , Solyanik Nikita A. , Nikiforov Aleksandr A. , Klimentova Emma A. , Vezenova Irina  V. , Leonov Gennadiy A. , Burshinov Aleksandr O.
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: In the large studies such as NASCET, ESCT, VACS, ACAS and ACST-1, the role of alteration of the cognitive functions of a patient in the early and long-term postoperative periods have not been determined.
AIM: To evaluate the biochemical parameters of cerebral functions, the cognitive status of patients, and their interrelation after carotid endarterectomy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 60 patients divided into two groups. The mean age was 67.3 ± 7.9 years, there were 49 (81%) men and 19 (19%) women. Group A included ‘symptomatic’ patients (n = 30) who underwent carotid endarterectomy and had a history of an acute cerebrovascular event. Group B included ‘asymptomatic’ patients (n = 30) who underwent carotid endarterectomy but had no history of cerebrovascular events. As part of the study, the following data were evaluated within a 6-month period: cognitive status (on MMSE, FAB, MoCA-test, NIHSS scales), biochemical parameters (S100b protein, neuron specific enolase (NSE), brain derived neurotrophic growth factor (BDNF)) and the ultrasound data of the carotid arteries.
RESULTS: Patients of group A showed improvement of the cognitive status by the 6th month on MMSE scale (p = 0.001) and in MoCA-test (p = 0.09) relative to the initial parameters; on FAB scale relative to the data after 1 month (p = 0.01); a decline of the level of neurological deficit on NIHSS scale (p = 0.01). In group A, an inverse correlation was found between the results on MMSE scale and resistance index (r = -0.675; p = 0.005), and a direct correlation between the results on FAB scale and the end diastolic pressure in the internal carotid artery (r = +0.912; p = 0.005) according to the ultrasound data. The data obtained in group B, reflected improvement of the cognitive status by the 6th month only by 2 points on MoCA test (p = 0. 03) relative to the initial data. Besides, in 6 months after the surgery, there was a 2-fold increase in S100b marker (p = 0.01) and NSE protein (p = 0.02) and a 1.5-fold increase in BDNF protein as compared to the initial values (p = 0.005).
CONCLUSIONS: Carotid endarterectomy leads to improvement of the cognitive status evaluated on MMSE, FAB, MoCA, NIHSS scales in the long-term postoperative period in symptomatic patients. The extent of improvement of neuropsychological status depends on the level of the end diastolic pressure and resistance index in the internal carotid artery on the operated side.
Optimization of System of Early Detection of Oncological Diseases in Outpatient Medical Organizations
Authors: Esaulenko Igor' E. , Petrova Tat'yana N. , Tolbin Aleksey A. , Saurina Ol'ga S.
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCTION: Increased attention to the early detection and prevention of malignant neoplasms (MNP) is conditioned by their high medical and social significance.
AIM: To develop a methodology of early defection and stratification of risk for development of MNP at the outpatient stage using modern information technologies.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The data of the official statistics of Rosstat and Health Ministry of Russia for the Voronezh region (VR) were used. To collect the primary information about the level of oncological alertness (OA) of primary care workers, a survey was conducted using a specially designed questionnaire (Oncological Alertness on an Outpatient Visit) which contained 10 questions reflecting the frequency of MNP and precancer detection, doctors’ knowledge, methods of early diagnosis and patient routing in case this pathology is identified. In the survey, 112 medical workers participated. To identify MNP at early stages, methods of evaluation and stratification of the risk of MNP development were elaborated on the basis of a multi-stage analysis of significance of the identified risk factors (‘danger signals’) with the use of artificial intelligence. The method was tried on a test sample (100 patients, MNP in 55).
RESULTS: A ‘rough’ increase in the incidence rate for 2013–2022 was 11.4%. The mortality rate from MNPs in 2022 was 170.5 per 100 thousand cases, which is 0.2 higher than in the previous year. About 60% of the newly identified MNPs were diagnosed at III–IV stage. A comprehensive study of the causative factors of advanced cases permitted to identify the most significant ones: late seeking medical care, latent asymptomatic course of MNP and insufficient OA level of primary care physicians. When testing the developed technique, the probability for the development of the disease was estimated as high in 41 (82%) patients with MNP, medium in 7 (14%), and in 2 (4%) patients the prognosis was erroneous — a low probability was predicted. Of the 50 patients who did not have MNP at the time of examination, 23 (46%) were referred to the group of low, 21 (42%) — of medium, 6 (12%) — of high risk of having a MNP. After the introduction of the developed technique, the detectability of gastric cancer increased by 3%, of colon cancer — by 2%, of tracheal, bronchial and lung cancer — by 6%, of breast, cervix and prostate cancer — by 1%, 8%, and 2%, respectively.
CONCLUSION: The developed method permits to identify and exclude unreliable data, to select the optimal feature space characterized by the minimal dimension with sufficient informational value. This permits identification of precancerous conditions at the preclinical stage and facilitates timely detection of MNP at early stages.
Duygusal Yalnızlığa Bir Çözüm Olarak Chatgpt: Kişilerarası İletişimin Yeni Aracı
Authors: SARIOĞLU Elif Başak , GÜREGEN Esra Pelin
Published: January 2024

Yalnızlık, günümüz toplumunun en yaygın sağlık sorunlarından biridir. Kaynaklandığı nedene veya bireyde ortaya çıkan belirtilere bağlı olarak farklı şekillerde ele alınan yalnızlık, çalışma kapsamında duygusal yalnızlık özelinde irdelenmiştir. Duygusal yalnızlık ile başa çıkmak adına bir sohbet botunun (Chatgpt) kullanılmasına yönelik katılımcıların tutumlarının incelendiği çalışma olgubilim araştırma desenine sahiptir. İstanbul’da bir vakıf üniversitesinin İletişim Fakültesi öğrencilerinin örneklem olarak seçildiği araştırmada, nitel veri toplama aracı olan derinlemesine görüşme vasıtasıyla toplanan veriler içerik analizi yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Katılımcıların, olumlu tutumları ve güçlü antropomorfize etme reflekslerinin aksine Chatgpt’nin yalnızlıkla mücadele etme aracı olarak kullanımına temkinli yaklaştıkları anlaşılmıştır. Katılımcıların büyük çoğunluğu Chatgpt ve teknolojik araçların duygusal ve sosyal ihtiyaçları karşılamasına yönelik olumsuz bir yargıya sahiptir. Buna karşın katılımcıların büyük bir çoğunluğu yakın bir gelecekte Chatgpt ve benzeri araçların sosyalleşme amacıyla kullanılmasının yaygınlaşacağına inanmaktadır. Yapay zekâ teknolojilerinin duygusal ihtiyaçları karşılama yeteneğine yönelik güvensizlik ve duygusal ihtiyaçları karşılaması halinde sosyo-kültürel hayata verebileceği zararlar merkezinde ağırlık kazanan endişelerin bir diğer ortak teması ise etik sorunlardır. Ayrıca katılımcıların endişelerini aktarırken popüler kültürde yer alan (film, dizi ve oyun vb.) yapay zekâ temsillerini işaret ettiği görülmektedir.
Seismic Velocity Variations Observed Prior to the La Palma Volcano Eruption on 19 September 2021, in Cumbre Vieja, Canary Islands (Spain)
Authors: Mezcua Julio , Rueda Juan
Published: January 2024

In the recent years, coda-wave interferometry from seismic noise correlation functions has been increasingly used for volcanic eruption forecasting through velocity changes observed in the crust. Because La Palma Island in the Canary Archipelago is very well instrumented, we studied the possible velocity variations related to the last Cumbre Vieja eruption on 19 September 2021, aiming to obtain clear variations in the seismic velocity. For this purpose, we used the moving-window cross-spectral analysis technique for seismic noise within the 0.1–1.0 Hz frequency interval for determining two- and single-station cross-component correlations. During the 2018–2022 observation period, we first detected a seasonal seismic velocity variation possibly caused by annual rainfall and the induced pore pressure change. On 12 September 2021, a dramatic decrease in the velocity of −0.15% was detected, leading to the volcanic eruption at Cumbre Vieja seven days later. The results are compatible with those of models proposed for rapid magma migration from a shallow reservoir at 11 km to the surface.
Untuk Siapa Reputasi Tim Kreator Konten tribunjogja.com? (For Whom is the Reputation of The tribunjogja.com Content Creator Team for?)
Authors: Abrar, MES., PhD Ana Nadhya
Published: January 2024

The position of the content creator team is very important for tribunjogja.com. They have a special position, so that the news manager just “relented” with their news. The question is, how does the tribunjogja.com content creator team place the idealism of journalists? To understand the idealism of the tribunjogja.com content creator team, this research uses a case study research method. Meanwhile, data collection was carried out using two data collection techniques, namely observation of news produced by the content creator team and in-depth interviews with M. Fathoni, editor of tribunjogja.com, who was not related to the content creator team and the leader of the tribunjogja.com content creator team, Mona. Kriesdinar. It turns out that the tribunjogja.com content creator team upholds their position as intellectuals. However, they are aware that tribunjogja.com cannot develop without positioning it as an economic institution. They make various adjustments. In that adjustment, they have a grip on the idealism of journalists: in line with the limits of reporting. From that adjustment was born reputation which raises the question for whom is the reputation.
The Role of Social Media Utilization and Innovativeness on SMEs Performance
Authors: Subagja Agus Dedi , Almaududi Ausat Abu Muna , Suherlan Suherlan
Published: January 2024

Companies that want to survive in the era of information technology disruption characterized by hyperconnected business operations must quickly adopt social media technology. The problems faced by the business sector often delay the use of today's business models due to high anxiety. In fact, the role of digital marketing through the use of social media is very large. So, the company’s main key in responding to and seizing opportunities from this upheaval is innovation. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of social media and innovation on SME business performance. The diffusion of innovations theory is used in this study as an affirmation that the implementation of technological innovation by SMEs is driven by the characteristics of innovation and organizational characteristics, bearing in mind that the current research unit of analysis is SMEs, namely organizations. In this research, to acquire a better understanding of the relationship between variables, quantitative approaches based on variance Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Partial Least Squares (PLS) were applied. Respondents were drawn from SMEs in the food and beverage sector in Surabaya, Indonesia, via an online questionnaire. The findings of this study provide positive and significant evidence between the role of social media utilization and innovativeness on SME performance. This means that SMEs in Surabaya have realized that social media is a very important tool for the success of a company. These technologies take information and knowledge sharing, interaction, and advertising to a higher level, resulting in benefits for organizations and customers. SMEs will fail and perish if they do not dare to innovate in technology.
Literasi Digital Calon Pekerja Indonesia dan Self-control dalam Berbagi Konten Digital
Authors: Astuti Eka Widi
Published: January 2024

Hundreds of CPMI who are victims of hoaxes on overseas job opportunities can be found easily on online news. This study aims to measure the effect of digital literacy competence and understanding the credibility of information on self-control in sharing digital content, especially related to overseas job opportunities. The research method is an explanatory survey of 699 CPMI West Java with 3.5 % of MoE. There are two main conclusions, that is: 1) West Java’s CPMI digital literacy index is at the level of proficiency level 6 with the advanced category, and 2) digital literacy and CPMI's understanding of the information credibility has a positive effect on the level of self-control of CPMI in sharing digital information. The hoaxes about overseas job opportunities should be resolved from the upstream side of the problem, such as by increasing digital literacy competencies evenly among CPMI. This effort can be collaborated through various government’s work programs such as dissemination, counseling, or multi-level training.
An Integrated Model of WebQual 4.0 and SERVQUAL: Answer to the Next Research Call
Authors: Mardiana Siti
Published: January 2024

In the original paper of WebQual 4.0, Barnes and Vidgen (2002) called for an improvement of their WebQual 4.0 model. Since WebQual 4.0 is a tool for assessing the quality of e-commerce websites, therefore a modification should be made in order to use WebQual 4.0 for other types of websites. This research offers an integrated model of WebQual 4.0 and SERVQUAL to fulfill the need. The proposed integrated model resulted in seven variables: Usability, Design, Information, Empathy, Responsiveness, Assurance, and Reliability. To test the model, a questionnaire based on the proposed model was created to assess the quality of a company website that is primarily used to manage employees’ data.  There were 124 data samples that can be used for analysis. A spider web diagram was created based on the reliability (Cronbach’s alpha) scores to show the overall website quality. Based on the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) results, it can be concluded that the integrated model that was created in this research was considered a good model. The implications and lessons learned from the study were discussed in the paper.
Elaborasi Komunikasi Krisis Polri: Analisis Penanganan Kasus Penembakan Brigadir J Menggunakan Situational Crisis Communication Theory
Authors: Makdin Desmalinda , Rifky Pratama Harya , Damayanti Deska , Noviana Adin
Published: January 2024

This study aims to elaborate crisis response strategy carried out by the National Police Public Relations Division in handling the shooting case of Brigadier J. Motivated by the crisis faced by the National Police as a result of the death of Brigadier J at the official house of the Head of the National Police Propam Division. The President requested that the Police be transparent and thoroughly investigate the case. The study was conducted using mixed research methods, namely quantitative content analysis on Instagram content @divisihumaspolri and qualitative descriptive analysis by looking at previous research related to crisis communication strategies. Researchers also grabbed data focusing on some keywords of the Brigadier J shooting case across social media using a media monitoring service based on the Intelligence Socio Analytics system in the period July 8 to August 30 2022, to review public sentiment and see the spread of issues. These research findings point to content patterns @divisihumaspolri, public sentiment, and reputation strategies. The results concluded that the National Police Public Relations Division had not implemented crisis communication protocols properly and could not minimize bad assumptions from the public.
Pemanfaatan Media Sosial Dalam Komunikasi Politik: Propaganda Isu Sistem Pemilu Proporsional
Authors: Samad M. Yusuf
Published: January 2024

Polemik sistem pemilu proporsional jelang pelaksanaan pemilu terus bermunculan. Mendekati pemilu 2024, polemik tersebut kembali muncul dan dipelopori oleh aktor-aktor politik sebagai komunikator politik, para komunikator itu menggunakan media sosialnya sebagai wadah untuk menyampaikan propaganda terkait sistem pemilu proporsional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana komunikasi politik aktor politik yang terlibat dalam polemik isu sistem pemilu proporsional jelang Pemilu 2024 dan bagaimana teknik propaganda di media sosial terkait isu tersebut. Studi ini dilakukan untuk mengeksplorasi pola komunikasi politik terkait sistem pemilu proporsional yang disampaikan di Twitter. Penelitian ini menerapkan analisis konten kualitatif atau Qualitative Content Analysis (QCA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komunikator politik menggunakan media sosial Twitter untuk melakukan propaganda tentang sistem pemilu proporsional dengan menggunaka Teknik propaganda Testimonial, Card Stacking Frustration or Spacegot
Saluran dan Motif Gosip Mahasiswa Angkatan Daring
Authors: Widiastuti Anindita
Published: January 2024

Kondisi mahasiswa angkatan daring mendorong gosip untuk dipertukarkan melalui saluran dan motif yang berbeda dibandingkan oleh angkatan mahasiswa yang sudah pernah berinteraksi secara langsung. Dengan pendekatan fenomenologi, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara untuk melihat pengalaman gosip dari sembilan mahasiswa yang sejak awal perkuliahannya hanya menjalani perkuliahan secara daring. Hasil wawancara menunjukkan bahwa LINE, WhatsApp, Instagram, dan ZOOM adalah saluran gosip yang digunakan oleh para mahasiswa. Penelitian mengidentifikasi juga motif umum, motif validasi informasi, serta motif hubungan sosial dari penggunaan gosip. Pemahaman terkait saluran dan berbagai motif gosip ini akan membantu meningkatkan kualitas komunikasi antara mahasiswa dengan individu lainnya. Penelitian ini juga memberikan gambaran terkait bagaimana informasi, khususnya gosip diperlakukan di situasi daring yang intensif.
The United States and the Defense of the Good Name of Poland and the Polish Nation in the Context of the Holocaust
Authors: Jureńczyk Łukasz
Published: January 2024

The aim of the paper is to analyze and evaluate the reaction of the United States to the changes to the Act on the Institute of National Remembrance, which were to defend the good name of Poland and the Polish nation in the context of the Holocaust. The paper explains the significance of these changes for Polish-American relations. The assessment takes into account the important context of recent legal changes preventing the restitution of private Jewish property in Poland, lost after World War II. In criticizing the legal changes to the Act on the IPN carried out by the American authorities, respecting the freedom of expression and public debate was of the greatest importance. Since the Polish authorities resigned from the regulations that would have infringed these values, the United States did not limit cooperation with Poland. However, the controversy surrounding the act has shown that the legal restriction of basic democratic values, including the freedom of speech, may cause a more decisive response from the USA, decreasing the importance of relations with Poland. This, however, depends on the current appraisal of the strategic interests in the United States.
How Does the Film Form Historicize the Film Narrative and the World Depicted on the Screen? Analysis of the Phenomenon on Selected Examples
Authors: Witek Piotr
Published: January 2024

The article deals with the issue of aesthetic-formal strategies of historicizing the film narrative and the screen world presented in historical cinema. It shows by means of which strategies – formal means of expression – the film narrative and the world depicted are historicized. In the introduction, a key analytical concept – historicity – is introduced. The category of historicity is shown as heterogeneous, requiring each time a conceptualization relativized to the cultural context of its use. In the article it is conceptualized in various ways, e.g. as: variability/existence in time (a way of understanding time); repetition; past; chronological; linearity; layering; rhythmic; causal; development; progress; shift/turn to the past/references to the past; (futuristic) projection of the past; tradition; memory of the past; (historical) consciousness; scholarly (historiographical); momentousness; obsolescence/ anachronism/ archaicity/ antiquity; style of thought; narrative; discursive; documentary/source; meta-historical; genre. The strategies of historicizing the film narrative and the cinematic world presented are conceived in the text as the numerous ways of equipping the film with various kinds of formal/filmic signs of historicity, allowing to obtain in the act of actualization of the work by the viewer/researcher the impression of the effect of historicity of the narrative and the world presented. They form the film poetics of historicity. In the following sections of the article, signs of historicity in the function of historicizing the cinematic narrative and the depicted world are analyzed on the example of various films. They consist of (1) paratexts; (2) the composition of the film narrative.