bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rancangan Media Audio Visual Tentang Perawatan Masa Nifas Sebagai Media Edukasi di Kota Tasikmalaya
Authors: Rismawati Sariestya , Nurvita Nita
Published: October 2024

The impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic that hit all over the world including Indonesia can also be seen in health services, one of which is the provision of health information about postpartum care. Lack of information about postpartum care is one of the reasons for the lack of postpartum visits. This has an indirect impact on the health quality of postpartum mothers, especially primiparous postpartum mothers. This condition requires attention, especially in increasing mother's knowledge about the importance of postpartum care. One thing that can be done is to provide health education with appropriate media. Audio-visual are considered to be usable because they are able to stimulate vision and attract more attention with attractive color and image compositions. The aim of this research is to analyse the eligibility of the audio visual media about postpartum care. The research method used research and development (R&D). This research has five stages from 10 stages: potential and problem analysis, data collection, product design, design validation, and design revision. Data validation media sources were the content expert and media expert. The subject of this research were 1 media expert ad 1 material expert. The data analysis used is quantitative analysis. The result of this research is audio visual media about postpartum care through 5 development design steps. The feasibility test for media experts obtained a score of 82.5% and material experts obtained a score of 97%. Conclusion,the audio visual about postpartum care is declared as very suitable and can be used to health promotion.
Perbedaan Kandungan Fisikokimia Dan Karakteristik Pempek Berbahan Ikan Nila, Bayam, Daun Kelor dan Kalakai Sebagai Alternatif Makanan Tambahan Ibu Hamil Kurang Energi Kronik (KEK)
Authors: Suryani Nany , Yudistira Sigit , Norhasanah Norhasanah , Syainah Ermina , Abdurrachim Rijanti
Published: October 2024

The problem of undernutrition during pregnancy is still a focus of attention, these problems include anemia and Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED). CED can have a negative impact on the mother and the fetus. One way to meet nutritional needs is to provide additional food. This study aims to find out the Physicochemical Contents and Characteristics of Pempek Made from Tilapia Fish, Moringa Leaves, Spinach and Kalakai as an Alternative Food Supplement for Pregnant Women with Choronic Energy Deficiency.The proportion for making pempek was made by adding 60% tilapia fish and 40% spinach, moringa or kalakai leaves. The data collected in this study were physicochemical characteristics (carbohydrates, protein, fat, crude fiber, ash, and moisture content) obtained from laboratory tests, sensory characteristic tests (color, flavor, texture, and taste) obtained by organoleptic tests using the hedonic method scoring scale. The results showed that there were differences in the color parameters (p=0,009), aroma (0,001), taste (0,001), and texture (0,008). The results of the proximate analysis showed that the highest carbohydrate content was in pempek tilapia kalakai (37,82 g), the highest protein content was in pempek tilapia moringa leaves (9,79 g), and the highest fiber content was in pempek tilapia spinach (0,7 g) and the iron content was highest in pempek tilapia moringa leaves (2,8 mg). In the preference level test, the highest score was obtained for pempek tilapia spinach with an average value of 0,626. Pempek tilapia kalakai spinach ang moringa leaves can be used as alternative snacks for pregnant women to prevent the birth of stunted.
Tingkat Pemahaman Mahasiswa Preklinik dan Klinik Fakultas Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta terhadap Kaidah Dasar Bioetika dan Perilaku Penilaian Moral
Authors: Muchlis Ahmad , Syafruddin Amir , Tubarad Gladys Dwiani Tinovella , Sabrina Annaya Noor
Published: October 2024

Essentially, a doctor is evaluated not only by his capability to treat disease, but also by his ability to make choices in order to keep both the patient and the doctor in question while adhering to the applicable norms and regulations. As a result, medical students must understand the fundamental principles of bioethics and make proper ethical judgements. The objective of this research is to evaluate preclinical and clinical students' awareness of basic bioethics concepts at Muhammadiyah University Jakarta's Faculty of Medicine and Health. The Simple Cross-sectional approach was used on 83 students, 43 preclinical and 40 clinical, by using study instruments Basic Bioethical Rules Test (KDB) and Moral Research Test (UPM). The study's end goal is to uncover preclinical and clinical students' thoughts on how KDB and UPM might be implemented, not just as information that can be formed as output in the form of writing and scientific infographic posters.
Efektifitas Aplikasi Pendaftaran Rawat Jalan Si Palui Terhadap Produktivitas Petugas Registrasi UPT Puskesmas Martapura 1 Kabupaten Banjar
Authors: Nisa Khairun , Yunita Nirma
Published: October 2024

The quality of service based on the outpatient registration application has been implemented by the Martapura 1 Health Center since 2019 and this is a technological innovation developed to simplify health services at the health center. So the operation of the Palui outpatient registration application should be carried out as closely as possible by the registration officer. However, in fact, the officers who act as admins controlling the operation of the application are deemed not to have the qualifications, one of which is that all non-medical recording officers, their responsiveness and concern for the operation of the Si Palui outpatient registration application are considered to be less than optimal. The aim of this research is to find out more deeply about the effectiveness of the Si Palui outpatient registration application on the productivity of UPT registration officers at Martapura 1 Health Center, Banjar Regency. This research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The number of samples was 4 people consisting of the Head of Medical Records and Outpatient Registration Staff. The results of the research are that the effectiveness of the outpatient registration application at Palui UPT Puskesmas Martapura 1 in terms of the aspects of achieving goals, integration and adaptation is included in the fulfilled category because it makes it easier for people to register for outpatient care. The productivity of registration officers on average falls into the High Productivity category of UPT Puskesmas Martapura 1. In conclusion, there is a link between the effectiveness of the Si Palui outpatient registration application and the productivity of UPT registration officers at Puskesmas Martapura 1.
Hubungan Konsumsi Makanan Berlemak, Aktivitas Fisik, dan Kelebihan Berat Badan dengan Hipertensi pada Wanita Usia Subur di Bintang Metropol Bekasi
Authors: Hafni Ranayah Putri , Faridi Ahmad
Published: October 2024

Hypertension is also called “the silent killer” because this disease has no complaints in sufferers, so many hypertension sufferers do not know that they have hypertension and only find out after complications occur. The aim of this study was to analyze teh relationship between consumption of fatty foods, physical activity, and being overweight and hypertension in women of childbearing age in Bintang Metropol Bekasi. This research uses a cross sectional study design. Descriptive quantitative approach. Data collection by observation, measurement and interviews. The data analysis used was univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with Chi-Square and Fisher Exact tests. Based on the results of univariate analysis, data showed that 50,8% of respondents had hypertension, 2% of respondents had excessive consumption of fatty foods, 51% of respondents had light physical activity, 53% of respondents were overweight. The results of bivariate analysis showed that there was no significant relationship between consumption of fatty foods and hypertension in women of childbearing age (p value =0,240 > 0,05). However, there is a significant relationship between physical activity and overweight and hypertension in women of childbearing age (p value = 0,045 < 0,05) and overweight and hypertension in women of childbearing age at Bintang Metropol Bekasi (p value = 0,000 < 0,05). The suggestions from this research, for The community is aimed at increasing knowledge and awareness of health, especially for people who have blood pressure above the normal category and excessive consumption of fatty foods.
Gambaran Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) dalam Perbaikan Masalah Gizi Balita Stunting di Kecamatan Liang Anggang
Authors: Yudistira Sigit , Pajrina Nur , Khairunnisa Khairunnisa , Salsabila Adelia , Sa'adah Nurlatifah , Arianti Alda Rina , Wati Ratna Dewi , Jidiwan Jidiwan
Published: October 2024

Stunting is a disorder of growth and development of children due to chronic malnutrition and repeated infections, which is characterized by their length or height being below the established standard. Stunting is a problem because it is associated with an increased risk of illness and death, a higher risk of being susceptible to non-communicable diseases, suboptimal brain development so that motor development is delayed and mental growth is inhibited. Risk factors for stunting consist of 2 factors, namely direct factors such as food intake and infection, and indirect factors such as environmental health and clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS). This study aims to identify environmental health conditions and PHBS in stunted toddlers in overcoming the problem of stunted toddler nutrition. This type of research is qualitative which is analyzed descriptively and in-depth interviews and observations with research samples being mothers of stunted toddlers from Liang Anggang District (Landasan Ulin Barat, Selatan, Tengah, and Utara Villages). The sampling technique was carried out using the accidental sampling technique. This research was conducted in Liang Anggang District, Banjarbaru City. The results of the study showed that environmental health conditions in Liang Anggang District including water, sanitation, and hygiene wash factors were quite good. The condition of PHBS in households in Liang Anggang District is quite good. There needs to be awareness from the community where the task of forming this awareness is held by health workers who synergize with the community itself so that the community is more aware and pays attention to environmental health and PHBS to avoid stunting.
Sosialisasi Pencegahan Pernikahan Dini dan Kekerasan pada Anak Remaja di Desa Pasindangan Kabupaten Lebak
Authors: Bethary Rindu Twidi , Setiawan Ridwan , Ayuningtyas Ayuningtyas , Pahmulyani Pahmulyani
Published: October 2024

Early marriage is carried out when a person is categorized as not yet an adult according to law no. 16 of 2019, the government has also regulated in law no 23 of 2004 some of the violence that occurs is physical, psychological, sexual violence and neglect in the household. The aim of this service activity is to provide information and knowledge on how to deal with the above problems with preventive action to the elderly teenagers in Pasindangan Village, Lebak Regency. This service activity was carried out at the Madrasah Aliyah Wasilatul Falah with 45 participants. The method in this service is socialization and discussion about preventing early marriage and sexual violence. The results of this activity received a positive response from the school because students gained knowledge and understanding of the impact and prevention of early marriage and sexual violence. Another prevention that can be done in the school environment is needed the teacher’s approach to students and the active role of the family and community, so that a generation of quality youth can be created, both in terms of education and social. So it can be concluded that there is a role significant increase in understanding of department roles and functions human resources to the audience.
A novel strain-based bone-fracture healing algorithm is able to predict a range of healing outcomes
Authors: Morgan George T. , Low Lucas , Ramasamy Arul , Masouros Spyros D.
Published: October 2024

Fracture healing is a complex process which sometimes results in non-unions, leading to prolonged disability and high morbidity. Traditional methods of optimising fracture treatments, such as in vitro benchtop testing and in vivo randomised controlled trials, face limitations, particularly in evaluating the entire healing process. This study introduces a novel, strain-based fracture-healing algorithm designed to predict a wide range of healing outcomes, including both successful unions and non-unions. The algorithm uses principal strains as mechanical stimuli to simulate fracture healing in response to local mechanical environments within the callus region. The model demonstrates good agreement with experimental data from ovine metatarsal osteotomies across six fracture cases with varying gap widths and inter-fragmentary strains, replicates physiological bony growth patterns, and is independent of the initial callus geometry. This computational approach provides a framework for developing new fracture-fixation devices, aid in pre-surgical planning, and optimise rehabilitation strategies.
An evaluation of square footing response on lime-treated geotextile-reinforced silty sand: contrasting experimental and computational approaches
Authors: Yousuf Syed Md , Khan Mehboob Anwer , Ibrahim Syed Muhammad , Ahmad Furquan , Samui Pijush , Sharma Anil Kumar
Published: October 2024

Improving soil strength and reducing the anticipated settlement and construction cost is a great paradox for civil as well as geotechnical engineers. In this paper, these aspects and other suitable types of ground improvement are discussed based on the principles of using geosynthetics for soil reinforcement. A series of load-settlement tests were also performed to compare strength and settlement of the silty sand reinforced with lime and one layer of geotextile. The study finds the maximum insertions of geotextile at 0.2D (3.0 cm) beneath the square footing base, and the lime percentage of 5.0% increases the UBC substantially. The UBC of lime-treated and geotextile-reinforced silty sand was to an optimum of 1,360 kN/m2 that has shown an enhancement of 258% compared to that of untreated and unreinforced silty sand that is approximately 380 kN/m2. Furthermore, comparative analysis between two ANN models was performed to provide improved estimate of the UBC, namely artificial neural network (ANN) and extreme learning machine (ELM). The developed computational models were then compared with experiment data, which proved that such models are more economical and effective than the expensive and time consuming conventional techniques. Consequently, based on the results, it was further validated that ELM possesses better generalization capability compared to ANN for predictive efficiency and thereby proves the efficiency of the model in estimating the ultimate bearing capacity of square footings incorporated with geotextile and lime-treated silty sand. This places the ELM model as a useful tool in the initial conceptual as well as the design for improvement steps of soil reinforcement.
Guanine nucleotide exchange factors and colon neoplasia
Authors: Njei Lea-Pearl , Sampaio Moura Natalia , Schledwitz Alyssa , Griffiths Kelly , Cheng Kunrong , Raufman Jean-Pierre
Published: October 2024

Despite many diagnostic and therapeutic advances, colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the second leading cause of cancer death for men and women in the United States. Alarmingly, for reasons currently unknown, the demographics of this disease have shifted towards a younger population. Hence, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying CRC initiation and progression and leveraging these findings for therapeutic purposes remains a priority. Here, we review critically the evidence that canonical and noncanonical actions of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) play important roles in CRC evolution. Rho GEF GTPases, which switch between inactive GDP-bound and active GTP-bound states, are commonly overexpressed and activated in a variety of cancers, including CRC, and may be tractable therapeutic targets. In addition to comprehensively reviewing this field, we focus on Rho/Rac GEFs that are involved in regulating key functions of normal and neoplastic cells like cell polarity, vesicle trafficking, cell cycle regulation, and transcriptional dynamics. Prime examples of such Rho/Rac GEFs include βPak-interacting exchange factor (βPix), a Rho family GEF for Cdc42/Rac1, Tiam1, GEF-H1, RGNEF, and other GEFs implicated in CRC development and progression. Throughout this analysis, we explore how these findings fill key gaps in knowledge regarding the molecular basis of colon carcinogenesis and how they may be leveraged to treat advanced CRC. Lastly, we address potential future directions for research into the role of GEFs as CRC biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In this regard, leveraging the noncanonical actions of GEFs appears to provide a relatively unexplored opportunity requiring further investigation.
Physicochemical, steric, and energetic characterization of kaolinite based silicate nano-sheets as potential adsorbents for safranin basic dye: effect of exfoliation reagent and techniques
Authors: Ali Samar Mohamed , Mohamed Reham A. , Abdel-Khalek Ahmed A. , Ahmed Ashour M. , Abukhadra Mostafa
Published: October 2024

Kaolinite was subjected to advanced exfoliation processes to form separated nano-silicate sheets (EXK) with enhanced physicochemical properties as adsorbents. This involved the incorporation of different exfoliating agents, urea (U/EXK), KNO3 (N/EXK), and CTAB (C/EXK), highlighting their impacts on their textural and surficial properties as adsorbents for safranin dye. The applied characterization techniques confirmed the higher exfoliating degree of C/EXK, followed by N/EXK and U/EXK. This appeared significantly in the determined surface area (55.7 m2/g (C/EXK), 36.7 m2/g (U/EXK), and 47.1 m2/g (N/EXK)) and adsorption performances. The C/EXK structure displayed a better safranin uptake capacity (273.2 mg/g) than N/EXK (231 mg/g) and U/EXK (178.4 mg/g). Beside the remarkable differences in textural properties, the advanced mathematical modeling and the corresponding steric and energetic parameters illustrate the mentioned uptake properties. The interface of C/EXK is highly saturated by active uptake sites (Nm = 158.8 mg/g) as compared to N/EXK (109.3 mg/g) and U/EXK (93.4 mg/g), which is in agreement with the characterization findings and the expected higher exposure of siloxane groups. Each of these sites can be filled with four dye molecules using C/EXK and N/EXK, which implies the vertical orientation of these adsorbed ions and the effective operation of multi-molecular mechanisms. The energetic (ΔE < 40 kJ/mol) and thermodynamic investigations indicate the spontaneous, physical, and exothermic uptake of safranin molecules by EXK particulates. These mechanisms might involve dipole bonding (2–29 kJ/mol), electrostatic attraction (2–50 kJ/mol), van der Waals forces (4–10 kJ/mol), and hydrogen bonding (<30 kJ/mol).
Causal effect of vascular endothelial growth factor on the risk of atrial fibrillation: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Han Siliang , Xue Ling , Chen Chunhong , Xie Junmin , Kong Fanchang , Zhang Fang
Published: October 2024

Background

Observational studies have found that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels are associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, it remains unclear whether VEGF levels have a causal effect on the risk of atrial fibrillation.

Methods

A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted to explore the causal relationship between VEGF levels and the risk of atrial fibrillation. Genetic variants associated with VEGF [VEGF-A, VEGF-C, VEGF-D, VEGF receptor−2 (VEGFR-2), VEGFR-3] and atrial fibrillation (atrial fibrillation, atrial fibrillation and flutter) were used as instrumental variables. Data on genetic variants were obtained from published genome-wide association studies (GWAS) or the IEU Open GWAS project. Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) analysis was used as the primary basis for the results, and sensitivity analyses were used to reduce bias. Causal relationships were expressed as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI), and a P-value of <0.1 corrected for False Discovery Rate (FDR) (PFDR < 0.1) was considered to have a significant causal relationship.

Results

Genetically predicted high levels of VEGF-A [OR = 1.025 (95%CI: 1.004–1.047), PFDR = 0.060] and VEGF-D [OR = 1.080 (95%CI: 1.039–1.123), PFDR = 0.001]] were associated with an increased risk of atrial fibrillation, while no causal relationship was observed between VEGF-C (PFDR = 0.419), VEGFR-2 (PFDR = 0.784), and VEGFR-3 (PFDR = 0.899) and atrial fibrillation risk. Moreover, only genetically predicted high levels of VEGF-D [OR = 1.071 (95%CI: 1.014–1.132), PFDR = 0.087] increased the risk of atrial fibrillation and flutter. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the relationship between VEGF-D levels and the risk of atrial fibrillation was robust.

Conclusion

This study supports a causal association between high VEGF-D levels and increased risk of atrial fibrillation.
Potential of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in a circular economy from a life cycle assessment perspective - a case study for anaesthesia and surgical instrument packaging waste in Australia
Authors: Keul Constantin , Spierling Sebastian , Venkatachalam Venkateshwaran , Endres Hans-Josef , Barner Leonie , Wyssusek Kerstin
Published: October 2024

Plastics are a versatile material group with many applications in the healthcare sector. Clinicians, particularly in the operating rooms, have become increasingly dependent on single-use instruments and consumables typically packaged in Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) resulting in significant amounts of PET waste. In this study, a life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology based on ISO 14040/44 is conducted to assess the environmental impacts of existing and potential future end-of-life options for PET anaesthesia and surgical instrument packaging waste in an Australian hospital context. The results show the reduction potential of environmental impacts by recycling of PET waste via direct collection or in Materials Recovery Facility (MRF) in Australia, Indonesia and New Zealand. When replacing end-of-life options such as landfill or incineration with recycling, a reduction of 88% of total Climate Change (CC) impact can be seen. Furthermore, there is a reduction in environmental impacts across other impact categories through this change. Even if the recyclate quality (up to 30%) was reduced, there is a significant reduction in the environmental impacts. The transition of end-of-life options to recycling offers the potential for reduction of emissions and enables a circular economy for plastics. Furthermore, based on the results of LCA, opportunities and challenges of circular economy pathways in health industry are identified and discussed in this study.
Native and non-native winter foraging resources do not explain Pteropus alecto winter roost occupancy in Queensland, Australia
Authors: Baranowski Kelsee , Bharti Nita
Published: October 2024

Anthropogenic land use change concurrent with introductions of non-native species alters the abundance and distribution of foraging resources for wildlife. This is particularly concerning when resource bottlenecks for wildlife are linked to spillover of infectious diseases to humans. Hendra virus is a bat-borne pathogen in eastern Australia. Spillovers align with winter food shortages for flying foxes and flying foxes foraging in agriculture or peri-urban lands, as opposed to native forests. It is believed the increased abundance and spatiotemporal reliability of non-native species planted in anthropogenically modified areas compared to native, ephemeral diet species may be a key draw for flying foxes into urban and peri-urban areas. We investigate the explanatory power of environmental factors on the winter roost occupancy of the reservoir for Hendra virus, the black flying fox Pteropus alecto, from 2007-2020 in Queensland, Australia. We measured the extent, spatial aggregation, and annual reliability of typical (i.e. native) and atypical (i.e. non-native) winter habitat species in 20km foraging areas around roosts surveyed by the National Flying Fox Monitoring Program. We find that neither the extent nor the spatial distribution of winter habitats explained black flying fox winter roost presence. Although the establishment of roosts was associated with high reliability for typical winter diet species, the reliability of frequently listed winter diet species surrounding surveyed roosts was not different between roosts that were occupied versus unoccupied in the winter. Significant interactions between lagged weather conditions and winter habitats identified by the best model did not reflect observable differences in patterns of occupancy upon scrutiny. Static measures of winter habitat and weather conditions poorly explained the winter roost occupancy of black flying foxes. Understanding the drivers of flying fox movement and presence requires further investigation before they can be thoughtfully integrated into Hendra spillover prevention efforts and flying fox management.
Case Report: An association of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction with 5p deletions
Authors: Mascho Kira , Yatsenko Svetlana A. , Lo Cecilia W. , Xu Xinxiu , Johnson Jennifer , Helvaty Lindsey R. , Burns Wechsler Stephanie , Murali Chaya N. , Lalani Seema R. , Garg Vidu , Hodge Jennelle C. , McBride Kim L. , Ware Stephanie M. , Lin Jiuann-Huey Ivy
Published: October 2024

Introduction

5p deletion syndrome, also called Cri-du-chat syndrome 5p is a rare genetic syndrome with reports up to 36% of patients are associated with congenital heart defects. We investigated the association between left outflow tract obstruction and Cri-du-chat syndrome.

Methods

A retrospective review of the abnormal microarray cases with congenital heart defects in Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh and the Cytogenomics of Cardiovascular Malformations Consortium.

Results

A retrospective review at nine pediatric centers identified 4 patients with 5p deletions and left outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO). Three of these patients had additional copy number variants. We present data suggesting an association of LVOTO with 5p deletion with high mortality in the presence of additional copy number variants.

Conclusion

A rare combination of 5p deletion and left ventricular outflow obstruction was observed in the registry of copy number variants and congenital heart defects.
Circulating IL-17F, but not IL-17A, is elevated in severe COVID-19 and leads to an ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK-dependent increase in ICAM-1 cell surface expression and neutrophil adhesion on endothelial cells
Authors: Bédard-Matteau Jérôme , Soulé Antoine , Liu Katelyn Yixiu , Fourcade Lyvia , Fraser Douglas D. , Emad Amin , Rousseau Simon
Published: October 2024

Background

Severe COVID-19 is associated with neutrophilic inflammation and immunothrombosis. Several members of the IL-17 cytokine family have been associated with neutrophilic inflammation and activation of the endothelium. Therefore, we investigated whether these cytokines were associated with COVID-19.

Methods

We investigated the association between COVID-19 and circulating plasma levels of IL-17 cytokine family members in participants to the Biobanque québécoise de la COVID-19 (BQC19), a prospective observational cohort and an independent cohort from Western University (London, Ontario). We measured the in vitro impact of IL-17F on intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) cell surface expression and neutrophil adhesion on endothelial cells in culture. The contribution of two Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathways was determined using small molecule inhibitors PD184352 (a MKK1/MKK2 inhibitor) and BIRB0796 (a p38 MAPK inhibitor).

Results

We found increased IL-17D and IL-17F plasma levels when comparing SARS-CoV-2-positive vs negative hospitalized participants. Moreover, increased plasma levels of IL-17D, IL-17E and IL-17F were noted when comparing severe versus mild COVID-19. IL-17F, but not IL-17A, was significantly elevated in people with COVID-19 compared to healthy controls and with more severe disease. In vitro work on endothelial cells treated with IL-17F for 24h showed an increase cell surface expression of ICAM-1 accompanied by neutrophil adhesion. The introduction of two MAPK inhibitors significantly reduced the binding of neutrophils while also reducing ICAM-1 expression at the surface level of endothelial cells, but not its intracellular expression.

Discussion

Overall, these results have identified an association between two cytokines of the IL-17 family (IL-17D and IL-17F) with COVID-19 and disease severity. Considering that IL-17F stimulation promotes neutrophil adhesion to the endothelium in a MAPK-dependent manner, it is attractive to speculate that this pathway may contribute to pathogenic immunothrombosis in concert with other molecular effectors.
Purtscher-like retinopathy and paracentral acute middle maculopathy associated with improper antihypertensive drug use: a case report
Authors: Meng Yang , Sawut Abdulla , Tian Miao , Li Ying , Cai Liwei , Xiao Di , Yi Zuohuizi , Chen Changzheng
Published: October 2024

Background

Purtscher-like retinopathy (PLR) is a rare retinal microangiopathy with unclear pathogenesis. Paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) is an optical coherence tomography (OCT) sign proposed in recent years, which is characterized by infarction of the middle layer of the retina. This article reported a rare case of PRL and PAMM probably related to improper antihypertensive drug use in a middle-aged male.

Case presentation

A 49-year-old man presented with a complaint of sudden-onset vision loss and paracentral scotomas in the right eye for approximately 1 week. At presentation, the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 20/63 OD and 20/20 OS. Fundus examination showed multiple cotton-wool spots and Purtscher flecken in the posterior segment of the right eye. OCT revealed hyper-reflectivities in the inner nuclear layer (INL), consistent with PAMM. En face OCT showed PAMM’s characteristic “fern-like” perivenular changes. Fluorescein angiography demonstrated prolonged arm-to-retina time, delayed artery and venous filling, and hypofluorescence corresponding to cotton-wool spots. Examinations of the left eye were unremarkable. Many imaging and laboratory tests were performed to detect the possible cause of PLR and PAMM, but no possible explanation was found except improper antihypertensive drug use. The patient was recommended to stop his antihypertensive medication, and prescribed other systemic medicines, including oral prednisolone (40 mg q.d. with gradual tapering), oral cobalamin (0.5 mg t.i.d.), and subcutaneous injections of compound anisodine (2.0 mL q.d.) beside the superficial temporal artery. Two weeks after onset, his BCVA improved to 20/25 in the right eye. During follow-ups, his BCVA recovered to 20/20, accompanied by the regression of fundus lesions. The patient reported no treatment-related adverse effects.

Conclusion

This is the first reported case of PLR and PAMM following improper antihypertensive drug use. Our report expands our understanding of the etiology and pathophysiology of PLR and PAMM. We also stress the importance of proper application of medications in clinical practice.
Bibliometric and visual analysis of diabetic keratopathy research: trends, collaborations, and future directions
Authors: Zhenyu Wang , Jing Gao , Tianhong Wu
Published: October 2024

Purpose

Diabetic keratopathy has gained increasing attention due to advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic techniques a. This article presents a visual and bibliometric analysis to illustrate the knowledge network, research hotspots, trends, and potential future directions in this field.

Methods

We retrieved articles published since 2000 from the Web of Science and analyzed the authors, institutions, countries, keywords, citations, and co-citations of these articles with VOSviewer and CiteSpace.

Results

A total of 706 highly relevant articles were identified, with the United States, China and England as major contributors; the University of Manchester, Queensland University of Technology and Weill Cornell Medical−Qatar as key institutions; and Malik Rayaz, Efron Nathan and Ferdousi Maryam as prominent authors. High-citation articles have focused mainly on corneal confocal microscopy and diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Keywords form two clusters: one around complications, diabetes and cornea sensitivity, and another around corneal confocal microscopy and peripheral neuropathy.

Conclusion

The identification of diabetic peripheral neuropathy via corneal confocal microscopy has been a major focus of research in this field, but the mechanisms underlying diabetic corneal neuropathy still require further investigation and breakthroughs.
Effects of water extracts of Artemisia annua L. on rumen immune and antioxidative indexes, fermentation parameters and microbials diversity in lambs
Authors: Gang Gen , Gao Ruiheng , Zhao Huricha , Xu Yuanqing , Xing Yuanyuan , Jin Xiao , Hong Lei , Yan Sumei , Shi Binlin
Published: October 2024

The present study investigated the effects of water extracts of Artemisia annua L. (WEAA) on rumen immune and antioxidative indexes, fermentation parameters and microbial diversity in lambs. A total of 32 3-month-old Dorper × Han female lambs having comparable body weights (24±0.09 kg) were selected and were randomly assigned to four treatments, with eight repetitions for each treatment. The basal diet, consisting of 45% concentrate and 55% forage, was solely provided to the control group. For the other treatment groups, the basal diet was supplemented with WEAA at dosages of 500, 1000, and 1500 mg/kg diet, respectively. Rumen tissue samples were collected for the analysis of immune and antioxidative parameters, as well as related gene expression. Rumen fluid samples were collected to assess rumen fermentation parameters on days 30 and 60 and to evaluate the microbiota on day 60. Results showed that WEAA supplementation linearly or quadratically increased the content of sIgA, IL-4, IL-2 and the gene expression level of MyD88, IκB-α, IL-4, COX-2, iNOS in rumen tissue (p < 0.05), as well as the bacteria negatively associated with IL-6 (g_ [Eubacterium]_cellulosolvens_group). Furthermore, the addition of WEAA linearly or quadratically increased rumen T-SOD, GSH-Px (p < 0.05) and the gene expression level of Nrf2, SOD2, GSH-Px, HO-1 (p < 0.05), and decreased the rumen concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) and gene expression level of Keap1 (p < 0.05), as well as the bacteria positively associated with T-AOC, T-SOD and GSH-Px (g_Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20_group, g_Saccharofermentans, g__Marvinbryantia, g_unclassified_f_Eggerthellaceae). The supplementation of WEAA caused the concentration of microprotein (MCP), total volatile fatty acids (TVFA), propionate to increase either linearly or quadratically, while reducing the concentration of NH3-N and the acetate/propionate ratio (A:P) in rumen fluid (p < 0.05). The addition of WEAA linearly or quadratically increased the abundance of Actinobacteriota, Cyanobacteria and Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20_group (p < 0.10), and g__Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20_group, g_Saccharofermentans, g_Marvinbryantia, g_Bifidobacterium were significantly abundant as specific microflora in the 1000 mg/kg WEAA supplementation group. In conclusion, dietary inclusion of 1000 mg/kg WEAA improved the rumen immune function, antioxidant status, rumen fermentation, and composition of rumen microbes in lambs.
Oxidative stress and inflammation mediate the association between elevated oxidative balance scores and improved sleep quality: evidence from NHANES
Authors: Zhang Qu , Yi Jing , Wu Yemei
Published: October 2024

Background

The association between oxidative stress, as measured by the Oxidative Balance Score (OBS), and sleep quality remains unclear. The primary objective of this investigation was to clarify this relationship and to explore the potential involvement of oxidative stress and inflammation.

Methods

Data from 15,198 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2014 were analyzed. Sleep quality indicators, including sleep disorder, trouble, and duration, were assessed. The OBS, comprising information on 16 dietary nutrients and 4 lifestyle factors, was then calculated. Multivariable logistic and linear regression models were employed to investigate the correlation between OBS and sleep quality. Additionally, mediation analyses were conducted to evaluate the potential effects of oxidative stress and inflammation.

Results

We demonstrated a correlation between an elevated OBS and reduced sleep disorders (OR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.58–0.91; p = 0.0055), reduced sleep trouble (OR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.69–0.96; p = 0.0174), and prolonged sleep duration (β 0.009; 95% CI, 0.0002–0.0160; p = 0.015) when comparing the highest and lowest tertiles. Dietary factors exhibited autonomous correlations with sleep duration, whereas lifestyle factors displayed independent associations with sleep trouble and sleep disorders. Moreover, the relationships between OBS and both sleep disorders and trouble were influenced by albumin, γ-glutamyl transferase, total bilirubin, and white blood cells, with combined mediation effects of 34.66 and 29.54%, respectively (both p < 0.001). Sensitivity analyses revealed a significant association between OBS and sleep disorder (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

This study revealed a positive correlation between an elevated OBS and improved sleep quality, manifested by decreased sleep disorders, mitigated sleep trouble, and prolonged sleep duration. This is potentially mediated by oxidative stress and inflammation. Therefore, the study underscores the importance of adopting a diet rich in antioxidants and healthy lifestyle choices to address sleep-related concerns, providing a novel avenue for enhancing overall sleep quality.
Nutritional diagnoses in people with type 2 diabetes: association with metabolic, anthropometric, and dietary parameters
Authors: Landa-Anell María Victoria , Del Razo-Olvera Fabiola M. , Bodnar Irene , Cordova-Isidro Brenda , Lagunas-Valdepeña Daniela , Arias-Marroquín Ana T. , García-Ulloa Ana Cristina , Melgarejo-Hernández Marco Antonio , Hernández-Jiménez Sergio ,   for the Group of Study CAIPaDi
Published: October 2024

Background

Nutritional diagnosis involves identifying a nutritional problem, its cause, and the signs that indicate it to guide appropriate treatment. Few studies report on the most prevalent nutritional diagnoses in people living with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Objective

To define nutritional diagnoses across different domains and their association with metabolic, anthropometric, and dietary parameters in individuals with T2D.

Methods

A personalized nutritional intervention was conducted using the Nutrition Care Process (NCP) model, which encompasses assessment, diagnosis, intervention, and evaluation, utilizing standardized terminology from the Nutrition Care Process Terminology (NCPT). Two dietitians, trained and standardized in applying the NCP and NCPT, performed patient assessments and established the diagnoses. Patients over 18 years old with a diagnosis of T2D for less than 5 years were included.

Results

Data from 2,050 patients were analyzed, of whom 55.3% were women, and 44.7% were men, with a median age of 57 and 54 years, respectively. The most prevalent nutritional diagnosis was excessive energy and carbohydrate intake. Diagnoses were distributed across domains: Intake (55.9%), Behavioral/Environmental (32.7%), Clinical (10.2%), and 1.2% without nutritional diagnosis. Significant intergroup differences were observed in anthropometric variables such as BMI, waist circumference, and body fat percentage (p < 0.05). HbA1c and glucose levels were significantly higher in the Intake and Behavioral groups (p < 0.001). Albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) was higher in the ingestion group (p = 0.007). Caloric and carbohydrate intake were higher in the ingestion group, while protein and fat intake were higher in the clinical and behavioral groups (p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Nutritional diagnoses in the intake domain, followed by behavioral/ environmental and clinical domains, are highly prevalent in people with T2D and are associated with worse metabolic control, higher BMI, and increased energy and carbohydrate intake. Timely identification of issues in these domains can support targeted nutritional therapy to improve disease management and promote a healthy lifestyle.

Clinical trial registration

https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02836808?term=caipadi&rank=2, Identifier (NCT02836808).
Proteomic and transcriptomic analyses identify apo-transcobalamin-II as a biomarker of overall survival in osteosarcoma
Authors: Lacinski Ryan A. , Dziadowicz Sebastian A. , Roth Clark A. , Ma Li , Melemai Vincent K. , Fitzpatrick Brody , Chaharbakhshi Edwin , Heim Tanya , Lohse Ines , Schoedel Karen E. , Hu Gangqing , Llosa Nicolas J. , Weiss Kurt R. , Lindsey Brock A.
Published: October 2024

Background

The large-scale proteomic platform known as the SomaScan® assay is capable of simultaneously measuring thousands of proteins in patient specimens through next-generation aptamer-based multiplexed technology. While previous studies have utilized patient peripheral blood to suggest serum biomarkers of prognostic or diagnostic value in osteosarcoma (OSA), the most common primary pediatric bone cancer, they have ultimately been limited in the robustness of their analyses. We propose utilizing this aptamer-based technology to describe the systemic proteomic milieu in patients diagnosed with this disease.

Methods

To determine novel biomarkers associated with overall survival in OSA, we deployed the SomaLogic SomaScan® 7k assay to investigate the plasma proteomic profile of naive primary, recurrent, and metastatic OSA patients. Following identification of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between 2-year deceased and survivor cohorts, publicly available databases including Survival Genie, TIGER, and KM Plotter Immunotherapy, among others, were utilized to investigate the significance of our proteomic findings.

Results

Apo-transcobalamin-II (APO-TCN2) was identified as the most DEP between 2-year deceased and survivor cohorts (Log2 fold change = 6.8, P-value = 0.0017). Survival analysis using the Survival Genie web-based platform indicated that increased intratumoral TCN2 expression was associated with better overall survival in both OSA (TARGET-OS) and sarcoma (TCGA-SARC) datasets. Cell-cell communication analysis using the TIGER database suggested that TCN2+ Myeloid cells likely interact with marginal zone and immunoglobin-producing B lymphocytes expressing the TCN2 receptor (CD320) to promote their proliferation and survival in both non-small cell lung cancer and melanoma tumors. Analysis of publicly available OSA scRNA-sequencing datasets identified similar populations in naive primary tumors. Furthermore, circulating APO-TCN2 levels in OSA were then associated with a plasma proteomic profile likely necessary for robust B lymphocyte proliferation, infiltration, and formation of intratumoral tertiary lymphoid structures for improved anti-tumor immunity.

Conclusions

Overall, APO-TCN2, a circulatory protein previously described in various lymphoproliferative disorders, was associated with 2-year survival status in patients diagnosed with OSA. The relevance of this protein and apparent immunological function (anti-tumor B lymphocyte responses) was suggested using publicly available solid tumor RNA-sequencing datasets. Further studies characterizing the biological function of APO-TCN2 and its relevance in these diseases is warranted.
Asiaticoside improves depressive-like behavior in mice with chronic unpredictable mild stress through modulation of the gut microbiota
Authors: Ren Qingyi , He Chenxi , Sun Yuhong , Gao Xiaowei , Zhou Yan , Qin Tao , Zhang Zhuo , Wang Xiaodong , Wang Jun , Wei Siping , Wang Fang
Published: October 2024

Background

Asiaticoside, the main active ingredient of Centella asiatica, is a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound. Previous studies have suggested that asiaticoside possesses neuroprotective and anti-depressive properties, however, the mechanism of its anti-depressant action not fully understood. In recent years, a growing body of research on anti-depressants has focused on the microbiota-gut-brain axis, we noted that disruption of the gut microbial community structure and diversity can induce or exacerbate depression, which plays a key role in the regulation of depression.

Methods

Behavioral experiments were conducted to detect depression-like behavior in mice through sucrose preference, forced swimming, and open field tests. Additionally, gut microbial composition and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels in mouse feces were analyzed 16S rRNA sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A (5-HT1A) expression in mice was assessed by western blotting. Changes in serum levels of inflammatory factors, neurotransmitters, and hormones were measured in mice using ELISA.

Results

This study revealed that oral administration of asiaticoside significantly improved depression-like behavior in chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mice. It partially restored the gut microbial community structure in CUMS mice, altered SCFA metabolism, regulated the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA axis) and inflammatory factor levels, upregulated BDNF and 5-HT1A receptor protein expression, and increased serum serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) concentration. These findings reveal that asiaticoside exerts antidepressant effects via the microbiota-gut-brain axis.

Conclusions

These results suggested that asiaticoside exerts antidepressant effects through the microbiota-gut-brain axis in a CUMS mouse model.
Attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction-derived reactive oxygen species and reducing inflammation: the potential of Daphnetin in the viral pneumonia crisis
Authors: Yuan Yuan , Li Runyuan , Zhang Yinji , Zhao Yuanxin , Liu Qingqing , Wang Jian , Yan Xiaoyu , Su Jing
Published: October 2024

Amidst the global burden of viral pneumonia, mitigating the excessive inflammatory response induced by viral pneumonia has emerged as a significant challenge. Pneumovirus infections can lead to the persistent activation of M1 macrophages, culminating in cytokine storms that exacerbate pulmonary inflammation and contribute to the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Mitochondria, beyond their role as cellular powerhouses, are pivotal in integrating inflammatory signals and regulating macrophage polarization. Mitochondrial damage in alveolar macrophages is postulated to trigger excessive release of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby amplifying macrophage-mediated inflammatory pathways. Recent investigations have highlighted the anti-inflammatory potential of Daphnetin, particularly in the context of cardiovascular and renal disorders. This review elucidates the mechanisms by which viral infection-induced mitochondrial damage promotes ROS generation, leading to the phenotypic shift of alveolar macrophages towards a pro-inflammatory state. Furthermore, we propose a mechanism whereby Daphnetin attenuates inflammatory signaling by inhibiting excessive release of mitochondrial ROS, thus offering mitochondrial protection. Daphnetin may represent a promising pharmacological intervention for viral pneumonia and could play a crucial role in addressing future pandemics.