bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RELIGIOSITY AND ITS CONSEQUENCES IN HALAL FOOD PURCHASING BEHAVIOUR: AN EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE FROM TARAKAN, INDONESIA AND TAWAU, MALAYSIA
Authors: . Marso , Hasan Haslinda
Published: November 2023

Halal is a religious issue and an opportunity to increase sale and acquire a competitive advantage. This study aims to present the structural relationship between religiosity, attitude, and behavioural intention towards purchasing halal products. A total of 299 valid and usable questionnaires were obtained from the respondents in Tarakan (Indonesia) and Tawau (Malaysia). Employing SEM-PLS approach, data was analyzed using SmartPLS Professional 3.0. The findings demonstrated that religiosity directly and significantly influenced attitude; religiosity directly and significantly influenced intention; attitude directly influenced behavioural intention; the mediating role of attitude towards the influence of religiosity on behavioural intention is partially mediated. Theoretically, the findings affected the development of consumer behaviour theory through Value-Attitude-Behaviour (VAB) Hierarchy Model. The results would benefit the industry players and policymakers to improve their marketing strategy and policy decisions of making Indonesia and Malaysia Muslim consumers be more aware and support the halal foods and products.
AN EXAMINATION OF FIRMS ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION, INNOVATION AND PERFORMANCE OF LARGE MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN PAKISTAN
Authors: Ali Khan Waris , Hassan Ramraini Ali , Wafa Syed Azizi , Arshad Muhammad Zulqarnain , Kashif Umair , Nisar Asifa
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this paper is to extend the understanding of relationships between entrepreneurial orientation, and performance of large manufacturing firms in Pakistan and to examine the role of innovation as a mediator of the above relationship. The paper presents a review of studies containing empirical research incorporating entrepreneurial orientation, innovation and firm performance. On the basis of literature, a model of the relationship of variables has been developed. In total, 320 owners/managers of manufacturing firms in Pakistan completed the survey questionnaire and the data was analyzed using PLS-SEM. The study found a negative relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and performance, however, further reveals that innovation mediates the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and performance. The major contribution of this paper is to explore the mediating impact of innovation on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation, and performance of large manufacturing firms in Pakistan. The originality of this paper is that it provides useful implication for different types of organizations to understand the relationship of entrepreneurial orientation, and innovation to introduce innovative products and processes and to improve a firms performance.
THE EFFECTS OF ORGANISATIONAL FACTORS AND EXTRA-ORGANISATIONAL FACTORS ON WORK STRESS
Authors: Ahmad Saufi Roselina , Leong Kim Thai , Chua Bee Seok , Datu Eranza Datu Razali
Published: November 2023

Work stress has been considered as an important issue relating to workersâ€™ day-to- day activities at the work place. In any profession â€“ doctors, teachers, police officers, lawyers and executives â€“ workers are facing enormous pressure from work demands, which results in stress, and burn out. In this millennium, work stress can be considered as a disease of the century. One shall not escape from stress. There are various factors that contribute to work stress. These stem from both organisational and extra-organisational contexts. The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of both organisational and extra-organisational factors on work stress among married female teachers. The study found that the three organisational factors, namely, management and administration, pupil recalcitrance and time demands were significantly correlated with work stress. As for the extra-organisational factors, only the personal problems variable was found significantly correlated with work stress. A number of studies on teacher stress have been commissioned over the past decade by the major teaching unions.Keywords: organizational factors, extra-organizational factors, work stress
THE DETERMINANTS OF CORPORATE HEDGING
Authors: Lim Thien Sang , A. B. U. Zatul Karamah , Osman Zaiton
Published: November 2023

This study examined the determinants of corporate hedging based on samples taken from non-financial firms on the United Kingdomâ€™s Financial Times Stock Exchange FTSE 250. In this study, derivative usage is used as the proxy for risk management. The research model was estimated using the univariate binomial probit model and the Heckman two-stage regression model. The result indicates that executives with options on companyâ€™s shares prefer risk-taking and choose not to hedge. The study also found that corporate hedging is positively related to (1) level of firmsâ€™ leverage and (2) proportion of total turnover spent for interest payment. These results suggest that firms that face higher probability of financial distress are using derivatives as risk management tool to stabilised firmsâ€™ cash flows. Finally, this study also found that large firms are more likely to use derivatives due to the benefits of economies of scale.Keywords: corporate hedging, derivative, risk management, financial distress
INDIVIDUAL TAXPAYERSâ€™ PERCEPTION TOWARDS SELF-ASSESSMENT SYSTEM: A CASE OF SABAH
Authors: Jaidi Junainah , Noordin Raman , Mohd. Kassim Abdul Wahid
Published: November 2023

Undoubtedly, economic analyses are important to understand a tax system. However, in a democratic system, the taxpayerâ€™s perception, evaluation and compliance with tax laws are of equal importance. This study attempts to explore the taxpayersâ€™ acceptability towards a self-assessment system and also to investigate taxpayersâ€™ perception on the present tax system. A survey was undertaken in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, involving 195 individual salaried-taxpayers. Results of the study revealed that Malaysian taxpayers are satisfied with the present tax system. They see it as a simple and easy system. However, the study also revealed that the taxpayers welcome the change from the present system to the self-assessment system. They perceive that they are ready for it. Despite the taxpayers readiness toward a self-assessment system, most of the taxpayers did not know their responsibility under the new system. Moreover, they are unable to compute their own tax. However, most of them are interested in learning more about the Malaysian Income Tax System if they have the opportunity to do so. The taxpayers surveyed had a poor understanding of the tax laws. Thus, recommendations have been made to MIRB to increase the taxpayers knowledge and understanding of their obligation and rights as a taxpayer. The use of effective ways of communication and promotion of the self-assessment system have also been suggested.Keywords: self-assessment system, official assessment system, LHDN, knowledge of tax, perception
CAPITAL EXPENDITURE DECISIONS: A STUDY OF MALAYSIAN LISTED COMPANIES USING AN ORDERED LOGISTIC REGRESSION ANALYSIS
Authors: Hamidi Masyhuri , Mansor Noorhayati , Asid Rozilee
Published: November 2023

Capital expenditure (capex) decisions have been extensively studied except in developing countries (Mansor and Hamidi, 2008). Capex implicitly affects institutional aggregate demand, gross national product and business cycles. This research focuses on the capex decisions by Malaysian public listed companies (PLCs) between the years 2002 to 2006. Using the Pecking Order Hypothesis (POH) and Managerial Hypothesis (MH) frameworks, four independent variables are examined. These are (i) internal cash flows (ICF); (ii) Insider Ownership (I_O); (iii) Investment Opportunities (IOP); and (iv) the interaction effects of the variables. In addition, sales revenue is used as a control variable. Both hypotheses predict a positive effect of (IFC) on capex. However, their arguments differ in relation to the effects of (I_O) on capex. MH argues for a negative relationship but POH proposes no effect between the two. POH suggests a positive effect of (IOP) on capex whereas MH predicts no relationship between them. Using a pool Ordered Logistic Regression (OLR) model, capex is categorised into five ordinal categories and the control variable is divided into four groups, which are ranked to capture the variability of the capex. The result of this study shows that the (ICF) has a positive and significant effect on capex, and this finding supports both studied hypothesis. However, (I_O) and (IOP) show a negative and significant effect on capex. The study also found that there is a conflict of interest between managers and shareholders base on the negative coefficient of (I_O). This finding is consistent with Kim (2006) and supports the MH. This study provides mixed-support for the two hypotheses and reveals interesting characteristics with regards to the managerial style in Malaysian PLCs.Keywords: capital expenditure, managerial style, Malaysian public-listed companies, ordered logistic regression, group effect
THE INFLUENCE OF TOURIST MOTIVATION AND CULTURAL HERITAGE ATTRIBUTES ON TOURIST SATISFACTION OF HOMESTAY PROGRAMME
Authors: Yusof Sofinah , Harun Amran , Syed Khalid Wafa Syed Azizi Wafa , Kaur Kler Balvinder , Majidab Mohd Rizwan Abd
Published: November 2023

Tourist satisfaction is significantly important especially in theÂ context of HomestayÂ Programme. This study seeks to understand the influence of tourist motivation and cultural heritage attributes factors towards tourist satisfaction. In this study, tourist motivation is a multidimensional variable comprised of novelty seeking, social, mastery/competence and intellectual. Whilst cultural and heritage is conceptualized to have four attributes namely general tour attraction, culture attraction, recreational experience and local services. Local and foreign visitors who had participated in Homestay Programme in Labuan, East Malaysia were interviewed for the study. The Homestay Programme in Labuan was selected due to the fact that visitors had been gradually decreasing since 2008. Thus it was proposed that tourist satisfaction with the programme in the area be examined. The studyâ€™s results demonstrated that within tourist motivation, only intellectual attribute was found to have a significant relationship with tourist satisfaction, whereas for cultural heritage, it was found that cultural attractions, experience of recreational and local services have a significant relationship with tourist satisfaction. The findings hold significant implications for the marketing strategies of homestay operators particularly in Labuan, Sabah as how to develop and position their offerings in a competitive tourism industry.Keywords: Tourist motivation, cultural and heritage attributes, visitor satisfaction, homestay programme
QUALITY MANAGEMENT INITIATIVES IN MALAYSIA'S MANUFACTURING FIRMS: IMPLICATIONS ON EMPLOYEE INVOLVEMENT, NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT AND QUALITY OF PRODUCTION
Authors: Sidin Julian Paul , Syed Khalid Wafa Syed Azizi Wafa , Sondoh Jr Stephen Laison
Published: November 2023

This paper explores the implications of quality management on employee involvement, new product development and quality of production in Malaysia’s manufacturing firms. Based on the results of research into the implementation of quality management initiatives by 201 manufacturing firms in Malaysia, this paper concentrates on the relationships between quality management and the aforesaid variables. The most significant implication of this paper is that businesses should pay more attention to quality management practices, particularly in Malaysia’s manufacturing firms.
Keywords: Quality management, employee involvement, new product development, quality of production.
STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION PROBLEMS: EVIDENCE FROM CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Zakaria Mustafa , Hashim Mohd Khairuddin , Ahmad Norizan
Published: November 2023

Strategic management is viewed as an important process for improving organizational performance. However, the literature review indicates that limited studies have attempted to investigate the problems faced by organizations when implementing their business strategies, particularly in the Malaysian context. This study attempted to address this issue. By using questionnaire, the data for the study was gathered from 140 construction companies registered with the Department of Irrigation in Malaysia. Based on the analysis of the data collected, the results of the study indicate that the construction companies encountered eight problems related to strategy implementation.Keywords: Strategic management, organizational performance, construction, strategy implementation.
VerpackungsVerpackungsinnovationen im Fokus
Authors: Frutig Markus
Published: November 2023

Im Interview gibt Livio Marchioni, CEO der BVS Verpackungs-Systeme AG, Auskunft über die Entwicklung kundenorientierter Verpackungslösungen, Trends in der Verpackungsautomation und die Bedeutung von Fachmessen für das Geschäft. Wir trafen ihn an der «Rendez-Vous Verpackung», einer lokalen Tischmesse für die Verpackungsindustrie in Schönenwerd.
Verpackungstrends und Herausforderungen
Authors: Frutig Markus
Published: November 2023

Im Gespräch mit Andreas Zopfi, dem Geschäftsführer des Schweizerischen Verpackungsinstituts (SVI), beleuchten wir die aktuellen und zukünftigen Entwicklungen in der Verpackungsbranche. Anlässlich der «Rendezvous Verpackung RVV» 2023 in Schönenwerd diskutierten wir über die anstehenden «SVI Packaging Talks» auf der EMPACK 2024 in Bern, die neuesten Trends im Bereich Mehrwegverpackungen sowie die Herausforderungen und Ziele des SVI in einer sich ständig wandelnden Branche.
CERVICAL CANCER
Authors: Darlly Vieira Dos Santos Mayza , Erika Abrantes Coutinho Vanessa , Caroline de Souza Anne , Silva Oliveira Geane
Published: November 2023

The study aimed to verify women’s perception regarding the prevention and self-care of uterine cancer. This is an integrative review of the literature, in which the research was carried out between March and October 2023, through databases: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Science Health (LILACS) and Nursing Database (BDENF). Subsequently, the inclusion and exclusion criteria were used, 16 studies were selected. The present research showed that women’s perception is associated with feelings of fear, shame, not having enough knowledge about the prevention of cervical cancer, which is also linked to the sociodemographic profile. However, knowledge about cervical cancer is extremely important in adhering to the exam, emphasizing the need for women’s health education in the form of prevention and self-care of neoplasia and, consequently, through the prevention of cervical cancer, the risk of number of morbidity and mortality through early diagnosis.
Análise de erros em demonstrações geométricas: um estudo de dificuldades de licenciandos em Matemática
Authors: Bahia Jamile dos Santos Souza , Ferreira Maridete Brito Cunha , Almouloud Saddo Ag
Published: November 2023

Esse trabalho é um recorte de uma pesquisa cujo objetivo é apresentar uma reflexão sobre dificuldades de licenciandos em matemática com provas e demonstrações geométricas a partir da análise de erros relacionados à validação empírica. Apresentamos resultados obtidos da análise de uma das três categorias de erros que emergiram da análise das respostas de três questões contidas em uma prova aplicada a uma turma do curso de Licenciatura em Matemática da Universidade do Estado da Bahia, na disciplina Geometria Plana, que foi denominada validação empírica, além de uma síntese do processo de pesquisa até a emersão dessas categorias. A análise foi feita segundo pressupostos da análise de erros, que por sua vez se fundamenta na análise de conteúdo. Para interpretação e inferência dos resultados nos embasamos no referencial teórico sobre demonstrações e os tipos de apreensão, além de apontamentos sobre a análise de erros. Destacam-se dificuldades dos licenciandos em utilizar a figura de forma heurística, ou seja, como suporte à demonstração, bem como uma tendência a recorrerem, sobretudo, à apreensão perceptiva, em detrimento da apreensão discursiva.
A gamificação como estratégia para aprendizagem significativa de Geometria do 9° ano do Ensino Fundamental
Authors: Binotto Rosane Rossato , Ferronato Julieta
Published: November 2023

Neste artigo apresentamos resultados de uma pesquisa que objetivou analisar possíveis contribuições da gamificação, por meio do aplicativo Euclidea, para a aprendizagem significativa de geometria em uma turma do 9° Ano do Ensino Fundamental, realizada em uma escola pública de Santa Catarina (SC). Em uma experiência de ensino, os alunos participantes responderam a dois questionários e resolveram problemas/desafios de construções geométricas no aplicativo Euclidea, que possui estrutura de jogo. Essa pesquisa foi norteada pela abordagem qualitativa e utilizou a Análise de Conteúdo para categorizar os dados obtidos. Por meio da análise realizada, verificamos que o Euclidea tem características de material potencialmente significativo, houve engajamento dos alunos na realização das atividades propostas, indicando predisposição desses alunos para a aprendizagem. Logo, concluímos que a gamificação contribuiu para a aprendizagem significativa de geometria da maioria dos alunos participantes dessa pesquisa.
Examining how accounting is influenced by industry 4.0 in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors:   , Oluka Alexander Markey
Published: November 2023

The study aimed to examine how accounting is influenced by Industry 4.0 in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Grounded in the interpretivism paradigm and a phenomenology research design, the study aimed to gain a deeper understanding of accounting firms’ response to the implementation of Industry 4.0. The target population were accountants in KwaZulu Natal. A sample size of 13 accounting executives participated and completed the study. Data for the study was collected through in-depth telephone interviews with the purposively selected participants who were accounting executives. The qualitative data from the interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. The study findings show the dearth of academic research on Industry 4.0 in the accounting sector in South Africa. The findings reflected that accounting firms have a history of being hesitant to adopt modern and innovative technologies and as a result, their practices are increasingly incompatible with the expectations of their clients who may prefer the flexibility and speed brought by Industry 4.0. The findings indicate further that Industry 4.0 is influencing how financial statements are prepared, presented, stored, and communicated to stakeholders. In addition, the study revealed that Industry 4.0 enabled financial information to be collected and processed in real-time which supports effective and efficient decision-making. The study found that resistance to change, lack of skilled staff and organisation's resources present a challenge to Industry 4.0 technology adoption. Findings showed that it's the responsibility of firm leadership to create the vision, plan and communicate to communicate the Industry 4.0 vision and goals to all stakeholders. The study found that cybersecurity breaches have severe economic and reputation implications for accounting firms. In addition, the findings revealed that management experience stress when dealing with the aftermath of a cybersecurity breach. The study recommends that accounting firms consider investing in cyber insurance policies to lessen the costs associated with cybersecurity breaches. Universities and other institutions of higher learning must consider introducing data analytics and advanced accounting systems in the accounting curriculum. The study further recommends that businesses periodically back up their data and have safeguards in place to secure client information. Findings from this study can inform policy, research, and practice in South Africa's accounting sector in terms of Industry 4.0 adoption.
Analysing the influence of operations management as an approach to sustaining effective corporate governance in the public health sector : a case study of the provincial department of health
Authors:   , Mthembu Nozipho Elsie
Published: November 2023

Operations management has gained considerable attention in the corporate world and establishment due to its perceived benefits. It assists in the effective management function of controlling and supervising of services and people. With efficient operations management, people such as nurses, physicians and other healthcare personnel can provide attentive services. In light of the effect of operations management, the objectives of the study were to determine whether executives and health representatives can engage in planning that creates the highest level of efficiency within the organisation; establish if the management exercises control that can promote rational decisions; determine whether, through the operational skills and exposure, the management can direct operational resources towards achieving the best efficiency; establish whether the executives and their subordinates can recognise the factors hampering OM and their method of corporate governance, and assess the extent to which health representatives can expedite the efforts of OM to implement effective corporate governance. For this study, simple random sampling was applied to select required respondents from the KwaZulu-Natal health care units and centres. The 259 responses received were accepted as the sample size of this study. Data collected were captured and analysed on Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) v26.0 to yield descriptive and inferential statistics. The most important outcome of the study was that the healthcare workers referred to the fact that the management function of planning, organising, controlling, supervising, staffing, coordinating and leading were all very valuable in setting up and operating a successful business. The issue that surfaced from the respondents was that the operatives were not committed to the ethical code that direct their operations, even though some of them did endeavour to embrace transparency, accountability, fairness, teamwork, risk management and integrity in their line operations and mode of governance. The main recommendation that is made here is that healthcare leaders and operatives must be enlightened with the importance of an ethical code to maintain effective corporate governance. This could also be a path for further research.
Changes of Public Sector Human Resource Management (HRM)
Authors: Munna Afzal Sayed , Tholibon Duratul Ain , Cantafio Giuseppe , Nasiruddin Ulil
Published: November 2023

Public sector human resource management is a way to manage human in a hierarchical activity which acts as the main rotor of efficiency and effectiveness of public-scale growth and development. As our environment changed in 2020 caused by covid-19 pandemic, so does the human resource management. Substantial changes in society impacted the way we shape management activity. This study aims to map the research trend changes of public sector human resource management in pre and post covid-19 period. We conduct bibliometric study to explore the factors and criteria of a toxic leader from open access scopus indexed journals using biblioshiny application limited to pre (2016 to 2019) and post (2020 to 2023) covid-19 periods. The criteria for filtering journal articles are based on PRISMA and JBI standards. Data suggested that covid-19 event ignite the research production. The research domains for pre covid-19 were focused on human resource growth and development, while post covid-19 domains were focused on survival and resilient. Country rank of most published paper related to the locus field also related to worldwide survey of economic growth in pre to post covid-19 pandemic. However, rapid increase of publication in post covid-19 period did not followed by study continuity and relatedness.
PENERAPAN MODEL DISCOVERI LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA HINDU DAN BUDI PEKERTI DI KELAS X MP 1 SMK NEGERI 1 SIDRAP
Authors: IROKI IROKI
Published: November 2023

Initial test interest observation data shows that there are still many students in class , supporting capacity and complexity of the school. This can be seen from the interest in the test obtained by students. The average test score obtained by students is: 70 with the lowest variation in scores being: 50 and the highest being: 90 from the total number of students, namely: 14 students. From the background of this problem, the author is interested in applying the Discoveri Learning model in learning Hinduism in class X MP 1 Even Semester 2022/2023 academic year. The research results showed that the average value of learning outcomes (cognitive aspects) of students in cycle I was 76.67, the absorption capacity was 76.67 with a standard deviation of 13.28, with students' classical completeness of 66.67%, the average value of learning achievement (cognitive aspects) students in cycle II was 88.89, absorption capacity was 88.89 with a standard deviation of 9.00 and classical completeness was 94.44%. In terms of quantity, there was an increase in cognitive aspects from cycle I and cycle II, an average of 15.93%, absorption capacity was 15.93%, while learning completeness was 41.65%.

ABSTRAKData observasi minat tes awal menunjukkan bahwa masih banyak Peserta didik kelas X MP 1 Semester genap di SMK Negeri 1 Sidrap yang masih menunjukkan minat yang kurang mengembirakan yakni masih banyak yang mendapatkan nilai di bawah kriteria ketuntasan minimal sebagaimana yang ditetapkan oleh sekolah sebesar 80 dengan mempertimbangkan intake, daya dukung dan kompleksitas yang dimiliki oleh sekolah. Hal ini bisa dilihat dari minat tes yang diperoleh peserta didik. Rata-rata nilai test yang diperoleh peserta didik yaitu: 70 dengan variasi nilai yang terendah yaitu: 50 dan yang tertinggi yaitu : 90 dari jumlah keseluruhan peserta didik yaitu : 14 peserta didik. Dari latar belakang masalah tersebut, maka penulis tertarik untuk menerapkan model Discoveri Learning dalam pembelajaran Agama Hindu di kelas X MP 1 Semester Genap tahun pelajaran 2022/2023. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai rata-rata hasil belajar (aspek kognitif) peserta didik pada siklus I sebesar 76,67, daya serap sebesar 76.67 dengan standar deviasi 13.28, dengan ketuntasan klasikal siswa sebesar 66.67%, nilai rata-rata prestasi belajar (aspek kognitif) siswa pada siklus II sebesar 88,89, daya serap 88,89 dengan standar deviasi 9,00 dan ketuntasan klasikalnya sebesar 94.44%. Secara kuantitas terjadi peningkatan aspek kognitif dari siklus I dan siklus II rata-rata sebesar 15.93 %, Daya serap 15.93 % %, sedangkan ketuntasan belajar 41.65 %.
Medición de niveles de riesgo psicosocial en empresa de amenidades hoteleras en Yucatán de acuerdo a la NOM-035-STPS-2018
Authors: Lebrija-Castañeda Diego Ivan , López-Canto Leonor Elena , Ojeda López Ruth Noemí
Published: November 2023

El objetivo principal del presente trabajo fue el de diagnosticar los factores de riesgo psicosocial en una empresa yucateca de amenidades hoteleras con base en la NOM-035. El método utilizado fue mixto, contando con análisis de carácter cuantitativo a través del uso de las herramientas de medición proporcionadas por la propia NOM-035, y una serie de entrevistas semiestructuradas para recabar información cualitativa. El estudio se aplicó a una población de 35 colaboradores (100% de la plantilla) y al director general. Los resultados concluyen que la organización cuenta con niveles desde bajos hasta muy altos en distintos dominios y categorías, permitiendo observar los departamentos con más afección en la empresa. El análisis encuentra similitudes en otras empresas evaluadas de manera similar de carácter operativo, en donde los colaboradores tienen poca inferencia en la toma de decisiones de sus actividades de trabajo debido a la naturaleza del mismo.
Positionnement des élèves sur l’évolution en lien avec les croyances religieuses et les savoirs scientifiques
Authors: CHALAK Hanaa , BARROCA-PACCARD Marco , ROUQUET Francis
Published: November 2023

Ce chapitre étudie les rapports entre savoirs scientifiques et croyances religieuses du point de vue d’élèves de seconde qui analysent les travaux de naturalistes fixistes. La diversité des positionnements repérés fournit des indicateurs sur les possibilités des élèves à différencier et à discuter ce qui relève de la science et de la croyance.
Construire une histoire raisonnée des vivants à l’École : à quelles conditions ?
Authors: ORANGE RAVACHOL Denise
Published: November 2023

Ce chapitre étudie les conditions d’accès d’élèves du secondaire (16-18 ans) à des reconstitutions historiques scientifiques de l’histoire des vivants (crises biologiques, origine de la vie terrestre). Il montre que cela exige que les élèves acquièrent des modes de raisonnement et des figures du temps qui sortent de l’ordinaire.
Caractéristiques générales des enzymes
Authors: CHEVALOT Isabelle , GHOUL Mohamed , PAPANIKOLAOU Seraphim
Published: November 2023

Ce chapitre vise à décrire les caractéristiques générales des enzymes, telles que les notions de catalyse, de spécificités (régio-, chimio- et énantio-), ainsi que la cinétique à un ou deux substrats. Un rappel de la nomenclature et des principaux mécanismes enzymatiques est également présenté.
Classification des enzymes utilisées en agro-alimentaire
Authors: CHEBIL Latifa , GHOUL Mohamed
Published: November 2023

Les enzymes sont des molécules complexes produites par divers micro-organismes, des animaux et des végétaux. Ce chapitre résume les principales classes d'enzymes utilisées en agroalimentaire, classées en fonction de leur activité. Les six principales classes sont les oxydoréductases (CE1), les transférases (CE2), les hydrolases (CE3), les lyases (CE4), les isomérases (CE5) et les ligases (CE6).
Probabilistic modelling of substorm occurrences with an echo state network
Authors: Nakano Shin'ya , Kataoka Ryuho , Nosé Masahito , Gjerloev Jesper W.
Published: November 2023

Abstract. The relationship between solar-wind conditions and substorm activity is modelled with an approach based on an echo state network. Substorms are a fundamental physical phenomenon in the magnetosphere–ionosphere system, but the deterministic prediction of substorm onset is very difficult because the physical processes that underlie substorm occurrences are complex. To model the relationship between substorm activity and solar-wind conditions, we treat substorm onset as a stochastic phenomenon and represent the stochastic occurrences of substorms with a non-stationary Poisson process. The occurrence rate of substorms is then described with an echo state network model. We apply this approach to two kinds of substorm onset proxies. One is a sequence of substorm onsets identified from auroral electrojet intensity, and the other is onset events identified from activity of Pi2 pulsations, which are irregular geomagnetic oscillations often associated with substorm onsets. We then analyse the response of substorm activity to solar-wind conditions by feeding synthetic solar-wind data into the echo state network. The results indicate that the effect of the solar-wind speed is important, especially for Pi2 substorms. A Pi2 pulsation can often occur even if the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) is northward, while the activity of auroral electrojets is depressed during northward IMF conditions. We also observe spiky enhancements in the occurrence rate of substorms when the solar-wind density abruptly increases, which might suggest an external triggering due to a sudden impulse of solar-wind dynamic pressure. It seems that northward turning of the IMF also contributes to substorm occurrences, though the effect is likely to be minor.
GHOSH v1.0.0: a novel Gauss-Hermite High-Order Sampling Hybrid filter for computationally efficient data assimilation in geosciences
Authors: Spada Simone , Teruzzi Anna , Maset Stefano , Salon Stefano , Solidoro Cosimo , Cossarini Gianpiero
Published: November 2023

Abstract. Data assimilation is used in a number of geophysical applications to optimally integrate observations and model knowledge. Providing an estimation of both state and uncertainty, ensemble algorithms are one of the most successful data assimilation approaches. Since the estimation quality depends on the ensemble, the sampling method is a crucial step in ensemble data assimilation. Among other options to improve the capability of generating an effective ensemble, a sampling method featuring a higher polynomial order of approximation represents a novelty. Indeed, the order of the most widespread ensemble algorithms is usually equal to or lower than 2. We propose a novel hybrid ensemble algorithm, the Gauss-Hermite High-Order Sampling Hybrid (GHOSH) filter, version 1.0.0, which we apply in a twin experiment (based on Lorenz96) and in a realistic geophysical application. In the most error components, the GHOSH sampling method can achieve a higher order of approximation than in other ensemble based filters. To evaluate the benefits of the higher approximation order, a set of thousands twin experiments of Lorenz96 simulations has been carried out using the GHOSH filter and a second order ensemble Kalman filter (SEIK; singular evolutive interpolated Kalman filter). The comparison between the GHOSH and the SEIK filter has been done by varying a number of data assimilation settings: ensemble size, inflation, assimilated observations, and initial conditions. The twin-experiment results show that GHOSH outperforms SEIK in most of the assimilation settings up to a 69 % reduction of the root mean square error on assimilated and non-assimilated variables. A parallel implementation of the GHOSH filter has been coupled with a realistic geophysical application: a physical-biogeochemical model of the Mediterranean Sea with assimilation of surface satellite chlorophyll. The simulation results are validated using both semi-independent (satellite chlorophyll) and independent (nutrient concentrations from an in-situ climatology) observations. Results show the feasibility of GHOSH implementation in a realistic three-dimensional application. The GHOSH assimilation algorithm improves the agreement between forecasts and observations without producing unrealistic effects on the non-assimilated variables. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis on GHOSH setup indicates that the use of a higher order of convergence substantially improves the performance of the assimilation with respect to nitrate (i.e., one of the non-assimilated variables). In view of potential implementation of the GHOSH filter in operational applications, it should be noted that GHOSH and SEIK filters have not shown significant differences in terms of time to solution, since, as in all ensemble-like Kalman filters, the model integration is by far more computationally expensive than the assimilation scheme.
Structural design and jumping motion planning of the jumping leg inspired by a goat's hindlimb
Authors: Chen Gang , He Longxin , Zhao Zhihan , Lu Yuwang , Tu Jiajun , Ren Xiangying , Lv Hanzhi
Published: November 2023

Abstract. At present, research on bionic jumping robots mainly focuses on imitating various jumping animals, such as kangaroos, frogs, or locusts. These bionic objects have good jumping ability. The goat, as one of these with a moderate size and a strong jumping ability, is very suitable as a prototype to imitate jumping. In this study, first, a simplified serial joint model that imitates a goat's hindlimb is proposed with a comparison analysis of its physiological structure. Then, a jumping leg mechanism that imitates a goat's hindlimb was designed. Second, the kinematics of the goat-inspired jumping leg were constructed to describe the relationship between joint angles and foot positions. Additionally, we used a cubic polynomial to plan the trajectory of the jumping process to achieve a smooth jumping movement based on the characteristics of the goat's jumping, with position and speed constraints during the jump. Thus, we established a smooth jumping trajectory model of the goat-inspired jumping leg. Finally, experiments on the jumping of the goat-inspired jumping leg were conducted. The goat-inspired jumping leg has good jumping performance. In this study, we took the goat's hindlimbs as the bionic model, proposed the goat-inspired jumping leg mechanism, and presented the jumping trajectory planning theory for smooth jumping of the goat-inspired jumping leg. These provide new ideas for the study of bionic jumping legs and can effectively promote further development of bionic jumping robots.
المرأة وقضاياها في أدب نجيب الكيلاني القصصي
Authors: ِ Dr. Muhammad Saif ul Rahman
Published: November 2023

Najeeb Alkilani is considered the founder of Arabic Islamic literature and he believes that through Arabic Islamic Literature, it is a profound responsibility that flows through the veins of Muslim believers, stemming from their hearts and convictions. It is evident that delving into the life and literary works of this remarkable individual is a an obligation for researchers. This study aims to shed light on the significant contributions and literary impact of Doctor Najeeb Alkeelani, recognized as the founding figure of Arabic Islamic literature in contemporary Arabic literary circles, as well as his noteworthy efforts in addressing women's issues through his fictional works. The initial chapter of this research focuses on his life, while the subsequent chapter explores his portrayal of women and their challenges as depicted in his literature.
الشاعر الصوفي عمر بن الفارض حياته وشعره
Authors: ِAbdul Ellah Farooq Badshah
Published: November 2023

This study delves into the life and legacy of Ibn-ul-Faridh, a distinguished Egyptian poet known for his refined sensibility, tender heart, and profound thoughts. Though recognized primarily as a Sufi poet, Ibn-ul-Faridh's journey was a remarkable testament to his dedication and perseverance in this realm. Despite his pursuits in Sufism, his heart overflowed with deep feelings of love, and his spiritual life became a canvas of magnificent emotions and enchanting sentiments, earning him the illustrious title of Sultan-ul-Aasheqeen, the king of lovers. The article presents a detailed historical account of Ibn-ul-Faridh's life, including various perspectives on his date of birth, shedding light on the challenges and triumphs he encountered in his personal and poetic endeavors. The study further examines four pivotal stages of his life, unraveling the transformative events and experiences that shaped his poetic artistry and spiritual growth. Additionally, the research encompasses insights into his family background, offering context to understand the influences that molded him as a poet and a Sufi. In addition to documenting the poet's life, the research delves into Ibn-ul-Faridh's moral values, elucidating the principles and teachings he upheld throughout his journey. His spiritual path and the profound impact he had on the Sufi tradition are explored, highlighting the essence of his poetic expressions that continue to resonate with readers across generations. Drawing upon historical records, literary sources, and critical analyses, this comprehensive investigation provides a profound understanding of Ibn-ul-Faridh's life and works, offering readers a captivating glimpse into the world of a remarkable poet and Sufi, whose legacy endures as an embodiment of love, spirituality, and poetic brilliance.
Lenguaje inclusivo y lexicografía académica: médicas que desean seguir siendo “médicos”
Authors: Barrera Linares Luis Guillermo
Published: November 2023

Este artículo trata sobre el uso del término médica, con referencia a profesionales del género femenino que ejercen dicha actividad. Con base en una muestra de uso compilada a través de cuentas de Twitter (ahora X), operadas por profesionales venezolanas de la medicina, confrontada con algunos datos provenientes de páginas web, se analizan casos de autorreferencia y exorreferencia, a fin de mostrar la relación entre el uso del femenino (médica) o la preferencia por la opción del masculino genérico (médico) para aludir a las egresadas de Medicina. Se realizó además la consulta del binomio médico, ca a través del Nuevo tesoro lexicográfico de la lengua española (NTLLE) de la RAE, con el propósito de verificar la evolución lexicográfica del lema, desde la primera edición del Diccionario de la lengua española hasta el presente. A pesar de la temprana incorporación del femenino médica al diccionario (1899) y de los progresos de otros lemas similares (v.g., ingeniera, abogada), los resultados muestran la resistencia de las propias mujeres a autorreferirse o a que se les nombre como médicas. La conclusión más relevante indica que tal preferencia excede la posibilidad de una explicación lingüística y apunta más bien a causas relacionadas con el sexismo discursivo, el prestigio social de la profesión en masculino y su valoración pública para el marketing profesional.
Variación social del léxico disponible de adultos de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria: análisis cuantitativo y apuntes comparativos
Authors: Medina Peñate Inmaculada
Published: November 2023

Este trabajo es un estudio sociolingüístico de la disponibilidad léxica de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, a partirde una muestra compuesta por 72 informantes y obtenida según los criterios del proyecto PRESEEA. Tras detallar aspectoscuantitativos como el promedio de palabras, número de vocablos, índice de cohesión o productividad de los centros deinterés, se analiza la incidencia de las variables sociales (‘sexo’, ‘edad’, ‘nivel de instrucción’ y ‘nivel socioeconómico’)en la capacidad léxica de hablantes nativos adultos de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. Así, se comprueba que el factor ‘sexo’ejerce menor influencia en los resultados, pero la edad permite observar el progresivo aumento de la capacidad léxica, quese estabiliza en la edad adulta y desciende en la tercera generación, siempre en correlación con el nivel educativo. Seconstata que el nivel de instrucción y el socioeconómico son los factores que más inciden en los resultados, al observarseuna correlación positiva, estadísticamente significativa, entre los años de estudio y el número de palabras de cadainformante.
Pragmatic linguistic analysis of the videos by terrorists of the Barcelona and Cambrils attacks
Authors: Giménez García Roser , Queralt Sheila
Published: November 2023

Three homemade audiovisual recordings filmed a few days before the 2017 terrorist attacks to Barcelona and Cambrils by some individuals involved in these events were weighed as evidence during the trial held at the Audiencia Nacional between November, 10 2020, and May, 27 2021. No expert in linguistics analyzed this evidence in the proceedings. In Spain, the literature on jihadist terrorism has focused on the process of radicalization (Vicente, 2018), including the use of digital media for this purpose (Torralba, 2019) and the importance of counter-narratives to battle it. However, few studies have analyzed terrorist productions from a linguistic perspective. This study examines the recordings screened in the trial for the 2017 attacks through the lens of the comprehensive model for pragmatic and discourse analysis put forward by Fuentes Rodríguez (2000, 2009). Results show how various linguistic devices perform multiple functions at the super-, macro- and microstructural levels, allowing the participants to address various audiences and fulfill three communicative goals. Participants claim membership of a jihadist community and convey a message aimed, on the one hand, to intimidate the viewers they discursively construct as their opponents and, on the other, to obtain recognition from those that share their ideological stance. The discursive singularities of these recordings and their commonalities with productions linked to other forms of terrorism are discussed against the literature.
Análisis emocional del corpus COLUMNAS.HUMOR: un enfoque mixto
Authors: Vargas-Sierra Chelo
Published: November 2023

El estudio de las emociones y la polaridad en el lenguaje ha adquirido importancia en los últimos años debido a su relevancia en áreas como la inteligencia artificial o en el análisis de sentimientos en redes sociales, publicidad y comunicación en general, pues busca entender el modo en que las personas interactúan y se relacionan a través del lenguaje. Los estudios de este tipo son fundamentales para poder interpretar los sentimientos y las actitudes de los usuarios y clientes, así como para mejorar la interacción humano-máquina y la experiencia del usuario en distintos ámbitos. La polaridad y las emociones en el lenguaje se hace especialmente relevante en el análisis del humor, ya que la comprensión de sus patrones emocionales puede ser útil en el desarrollo de sistemas de inteligencia artificial capaces de detectar, entender y generar humor de manera efectiva. El presente estudio analiza los datos del corpus COLUMNAS.HUMOR (textos completos y secuencias humorísticas) con el objetivo de observar la polaridad y las emociones predominantes. La metodología utilizada está basada en corpus, con aplicación de técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas y con el uso de herramientas informáticas para extraer datos de polaridad y de emociones. A partir de los diferentes tipos de resultados frecuenciales obtenidos, se realiza un análisis cualitativo para interpretar los datos en cada corpus de estudio. Este exhaustivo análisis nos ha permitido detectar las diferencias en el sentimiento y la verbalización emocional, así como contrastar los resultados por corpus y por el género de los periodistas estudiados.
Country Level Governance as A Capital Structure Determinant: A Case of Pakistani Non-Financial Listed Firms
Authors: Khan Taseer , Rahman Wali
Published: November 2023

Current paper investigated the effects of country governance indicators and firm level variables on the capital structure of non-financial listed firms registered with Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) for the interval of 2002-18. The collected panel data was analyzed by employing panel data analysis techniques e.g., pooled OLS, fixed effect and random effect (FR/RE) model and 2-step system GMM. The purpose of employing these techniques was to capture the un-observed heterogeneity and endogeneity in the model. FE model with robust standard error was applied to control the heteroskedasticity in the model. The suitability of pooled OLS and RE model was decided on the basis of P-value of “Breusch and Pagan Lagrangian Multiplier Test” (BPLM). The results revealed that corruption perception, country governance variables and firm level variables have a considerable impact on capital structure of non-financial registered firms. Equally theory and practice can benefit from the study's findings. The study aims to theoretically incorporate new independent variables into the capital structure literature in the context of Pakistan, including political patronage, democratic regime, rule of law, abuse of power, quality of regulation, stability of politics, voice and accountability, and government effectiveness. On the practical side, the findings provide guidelines for the firms to be careful about these determinants that may be helpful in minimizing the default risk associated while lending funds. Future research may be conducted by replicating in other sectors to validate the results.