bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANN-fuzzy Hybrid Control Strategy for MPPT of Grid-connected PV System with Battery Storage under Fast-changing Atmospheric Condition
Authors: Ahessab Hajar , Hakam Youness , Gaga Ahmed , Elhaddadi Benachir
Published: January 2024

Background:

The use of solar energy through photovoltaic arrays is continually expanding
and has recently been regarded as one of the cleanest sources of energy. Increasing the
amount of electricity provided to the load is one method for lowering the cost of solar systems.
Contrarily, altering the load creates a divergence from the maximum power point (MPP) and
changes the operating point of the solar conversion system.

Methods:

Due to this, attention has been given to MPPT techniques that can be used with solar
systems in numerous research investigations. In this paper, we implement an MPPT method
based on an Artificial Neural Network (ANN). This method combined two controllers, ANN
and fuzzy logic controller, under the name ANN-Fuzzy logic hybrid. In the first stage, ANN can
determine Vmpp from irradiation and temperature, and both of them are variable. In the second
stage, this Vmpp has been corrected by implementing Fuzzy logic in order to minimize the error
of the voltage and VmPP.

Results:

ANN-fuzzy hybrid has been simulated in Matlab-Simulink and was found to be the
best solution to follow the maximum power point when irradiation and temperature are varied.
The energy extracted from PV is delivered to a battery in order to inject this power into the
smart grid by using an inverter controlled by PID. Finally, a LC filter has been used to eliminate
the harmonics and compensate for the reactive power.

Conclusion:

For energy storage, we consider the utilization of lithium-ion batteries, which are
recognized as an optimal solution for storing energy efficiently. To manage the charge and discharge
of the battery, we employ a PID controller and a buck-boost converter. Through this research,
we aim to explore the performance and effectiveness of the hybrid ANN-fuzzy simulation
for the boost converter system. By combining the capabilities of ANN and fuzzy logic, we
expect to achieve improved control and optimization of the power conversion processes in the
system. Additionally, the integration of lithium-ion batteries and the use of the PID controller
and buck-boost converter allow for efficient management of energy storage and retrieval. Overall,
this study investigates the hybrid ANN-fuzzy simulation for the boost converter system,
highlighting the integration of various components and control techniques to enhance the performance
and efficiency of the system.
Multi-objective based Hybrid Artificial Intelligence Controlled Parallel Inverter in Islanded and Grid Connected Operations
Authors: Gaddameedhi Sravanthy , Srinivas P. , Sagar E. Vidya
Published: January 2024

Background:

The Integration of non-conventional energy systems (NCES), like solar,
wind, etc., into the grid with power electronic devices is adapted to meet the demand. Parallel
connection of inverters (PCI) is an efficient method to boost power handling capacity, reliability,
and system efficiency. However, the main drawback is the unequal power sharing among the inverters
while using the conventional droop control technique (CDC). In addition, the circulating
currents (CC) flow between these PCI, leading to common mode voltage (CMV), current waveform
distortion, and reduction in the system's overall performance.

Objectives:

This work consists of a photovoltaic system (PVS) and battery energy storage system
(BES) as the distributed generation (DG) unit to voltage source inverter (VSI) 1 and 2. The multi-
objectives of the suggested work are (a) the equal power/load sharing among two inverters, (b)
effective minimization of CC and the CMV, (c) maintaining constant DC-link (DCL) voltage
during different solar irradiation and constant temperature, and (d) the reduction in total harmonic
distortion (THD) of load current.

Methods:

A novel approach related to the enhanced droop control (EDC) method with an adaptive
neuro-fuzzy hybrid controller (ANFHC) was suggested here to overcome the above issues.
The performance analysis of the suggested technique was done in the Matlab/ Simulink platform
with islanded and grid-connected modes for different loads.

Results:

A comparative analysis with the available methods like the proportional integral controller
(PIC) and sliding mode controller (SMC) was carried out to exhibit the viability of the developed
control technique.

Conclusion:

This study focused on the operation and control of a PCI with ANFHC in islanded
and grid-connected modes to address issues such as uniform power sharing and reduction of CC
and CMV.
Potential of Biomaterials in Advancing Neuroprotection
Authors: Dhoundiyal Shivang
Published: January 2024

Biomaterials have emerged as promising tools in the field of neuroprotection,
offering innovative approaches for the treatment of neurological disorders and
injuries. This review provides an overview of the role of biomaterials in neuroprotection,
focusing on their advancements in drug delivery systems, neural tissue engineering,
bioactive coatings, and implants. We explore the mechanisms of action of biomaterials
and their potential to enhance neuroprotection. Additionally, we discuss the
preclinical evaluation of biomaterials, the use of animal models, and their translation
to clinical applications. The future perspective highlights emerging trends, including
nanotechnology, smart biomaterials, and the integration of biomaterials with cellbased
therapies. These advancements, along with considerations of ethics, sustainability,
and cost-effectiveness, hold great promise for advancing neuroprotective interventions
and improving outcomes for patients with neurological conditions.
Immune-endocrine Interactions and Remodelling of Testicular Cells’
Metabolic Homeostasis During SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Authors: Ghosh Suvendu , Singha Partha Sarathi , Ghosh Debosree
Published: January 2024

:

The testis is the site for the production of sperm and testosterone. There exists a natural
blood-testis barrier in order to maintain the internal metabolic homeostasis of the male gonads. Variation
in metabolic homeostasis may lead to unexplained fertility issues, reduced production of sperm,
production of deformed, non-viable sperm, and hamper the production of testosterone during SARSCoV-
2 infection along with physiological systems of the human body in different situations. The
male reproductive system than female is more adversely affected by the immune changes due to viral
infection. There occurs a significant immune–endocrine interaction in the gonads, which can be more
precisely termed an “immune-neuroendocrine interaction”. The “hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal
axis” plays an important role in maintaining the normal metabolic homeostasis of the testis. The net
impact is a change and reordering of the testicular metabolic homeostasis, leading to compromised
male infertility in post-COVID-19 infected individuals. This review is a brief account of the immune
and endocrine interactions that occur in the testis during COVID-19 infection, leading to remodeling
of the testicular metabolic homeostasis by various mechanisms, which ultimately may lead to infertility
in individuals who have been infected by the Coronavirus.
Use of COVID-19 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Among
Healthcare Workers in Teaching Hospitals of Khorramabad, Iran
Authors: Zibaei Mehdi , Halimi Shahnaz , Rezaei Faranak , Shakib Pegah , Soroush Setareh
Published: January 2024

Background and Objective:

In light of the pivotal role played by personal protective
equipment (PPE) in mitigating the transmission of the novel coronavirus, this study aimed to investigate
the utilization of personal protective equipment in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
among medical personnel and students affiliated with Lorestan University of Medical Sciences in the
year 2019.

Methods:

This cross-sectional, descriptive research study collected essential data, encompassing
personal characteristics and inquiries concerning the use of personal protective equipment, the extent
of their utilization, training regarding proper equipment use, and adherence to health guidelines, including
hand hygiene and disinfectant usage. Data were gathered through a questionnaire developed
in accordance with international standards, specifically the PPE Safe Survey. The questionnaire was
administered to medical staff, including physicians, nurses, and medical students, working in
healthcare facilities that admitted COVID-19 patients within the Lorestan University of Medical
Sciences, situated in Khorramabad.

Results:

Our investigation involved a total of 201 participants, comprising 82 (40.8%) males and 119
(59.2%) females. The average age of the participants was 32 years, with an average daily duration of
personal protective equipment utilization amounting to 8.9 hours. Notably, 44 (21.9%) participants
worked in emergency wards, 63 (31.3%) in general medical wards, 12 (6.0%) in administrative departments,
14 (7.0%) in surgical units, 11 (5.5%) in anesthesiology, 17 (8.5%) in intensive care units,
and 40 (19.9%) in miscellaneous contexts.

Conclusion:

The study findings underscore the imperative need for healthcare professionals to consistently
employ suitable personal protective equipment, encompassing face masks, eye protection,
gowns, and eye shields. Furthermore, our study highlights the significance of appropriate training
and rigorous adherence to equipment utilization protocols during healthcare tasks, coupled with consistent
hand hygiene practices in healthcare facilities.
Assessment of the Protective Potential of Inoculums and Metabolites of Rhizobacteria on Soybean (Glycine max) Seedlings against Bacterial and Fungal Pathogens
Authors: Ajinde Ayotunde O. , Ogunnusi Tolulope A. , Akpor Oghenerobor B.
Published: January 2024

Background:

Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPR), while generally considered
to aid plant growth with the provision of nutrients, can also be used as biocontrol agents for
plant pathogens.

Aim:

The study assessed the protective potential of inoculums and metabolites of plant growthpromoting
rhizobacterial strains against bacterial and fungal pathogens on soybean seedlings.

Materials and Methods:

Inoculums and metabolites of 15 rhizobacterial strains were used for
the study. Five pathogens (Alternaria sp., Aspergillus niger, Corynespora sp., Fusarium oxysporum
and Xanthomonas campestris) were employed for the study. Four experimental setups:
treated-only seeds, infected-only seeds, infected then inoculum or metabolite treated seeds, and
infected then distilled water treated seeds.

Results:

In the setup infected with Alternaria sp., final germination values of seeds in the presence
of the respective inoculums showed no significant variation between the treated only and
the infected then treated setup. In the case of seeds infected with Aspergillus niger, higher germination
and vigor index values were observed in the treated-only seeds when compared with
the infected then-treated seeds. For seeds infected with Corynespora sp., significantly lower
germination and vigor index values were observed in the infected then-treated seeds than the
treated-only seeds in the presence of the respective inoculums. With regards to setup infected
with Fusarium oxysporum, significantly higher final germination and vigor index values were
recorded for the treated only seeds when compared with the infected then treated setups. For the
Xanthomonas campestris infected seeds, the majority of the infected then metabolite-treated
seeds showed significantly lower final germination values when compared with the treated-only
seeds.

Conclusion:

The study findings were able to establish the efficacy of some bacteria agents
against economically important species of plant pathogens.
Summary of the Main Legal Requirements: International Legislative Aspects of Occupational Health and Safety
Authors: Rotaru Mihaela , Cioca Lucian-Ionel
Published: January 2024

The present chapter explores the extensive realm of law pertaining to
occupational safety and health (OSH), with a particular emphasis on its application
within the member states of the European Union (EU). It provides a comprehensive
analysis of the European Union's regulatory framework pertaining to occupational
health and safety. It aims to underscore the crucial significance of this regulatory
framework in safeguarding the well-being and rights of workers throughout EU
member states.

The focus of this discussion shifts towards the future trajectory of the European Union's
Occupational Safety and Health (EU OSH) framework, which is expected to have a
significant role in shaping policies and practices from 2021 to 2027. Relevant factors
encompass the significant influence of sustainability and digital transformation on the
realm of occupational safety and health (OSH) practices. These factors highlight the
direction that is influencing the future of workplace safety and well-being.

The Directive Spectrum: Among the several directives, the “Framework Directive”
(89/391/EEC) assumes a prominent role. Every directive is rigorously detailed,
providing minimum criteria for different aspects of workplace safety.

In conclusion, this chapter emphasizes the fundamental need for collaboration between
corporate entities, employees, and governmental agencies. This collaboration is crucial
for promoting workplace safety and fostering secure working conditions. This
comprehension is accompanied by a heightened awareness of the significant influence
exerted by such legislation on the collective journey toward the establishment of safer
and healthier work environments in EU countries.
Genre based learning model integrated literacy activities and character strengthening
Authors: Atmazaki Atmazaki , Ramadhan Syahrul , Indriyani Vivi
Published: January 2024

Genre based learning or Text-based Instruction is a learning approach used in Indonesian language learning since 2013 until now. However, learning will be more engaging if the learning process is constantly adapted to students’ needs and innovations. This study aimed at building a Genre-based Learning paradigm that incorporates literacy activities and character development. The guidelines of the National Literacy Movement and Strengthening Character Education in secondary schools prompted this action. Based on this, the two things are integrated in learning to help teachers implement literacy and strengthen character education in the learning process. This research employed Plomp’s Development model (Preliminary Research, Prototyping Phase Assessment Phase). In the Assessment Phase, researchers tested products that had been developed to determine the practicality and effectiveness of learning Indonesian using the developed model. The research instruments are in the form of questionnaires, observation sheets and tests. The research subjects were students of one of the high schools in the city of Padang.  The results demonstrated that the Genre-based Learning model, which integrates literacy activities with character development, is useful and time-efficient for language learning. Additionally, this concept is applicable for enhancing student learning activities. This learning strategy can be utilized as an option to combine literacy activities and character development into secondary school Indonesian language instruction.
Telephone-Based Training Intervention for Using Digital Communication Technologies for Social Housing Residents During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Mixed Methods Feasibility and Acceptability Evaluation
Authors: Walker Tim , Buckingham Sarah Ann , Poole Ria , Elliott Lewis Roland , Menneer Tamaryn , Tu Gengyang , Morrissey Karyn
Published: January 2024

Background

In an era in which digital communication technologies play a pivotal role in everyday life, social housing residents remain highly susceptible to digital exclusion.

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a telephone-based training intervention designed to empower people to confidently use digital communication technologies (ie, video calls and web-based messaging).

Methods

Conducted in collaboration with a UK social housing association, the intervention was facilitated by a unitary authority’s Digital Inclusion Team during the COVID-19 pandemic. A mixed methods approach was used, encompassing quantitative and qualitative data collection on demand, reach, implementation, and potential outcomes. Demographic and qualitative data on the reasons for undertaking or not undertaking the training were collected via telephone interviews during the recruitment process. Digital competency and well-being data were collected via a self-reported survey before and after the intervention.

Results

Among the 4485 residents who were offered training, 67 (1.49%) expressed interest, of whom 12 (18%) of the 67 completed the training. The findings indicate a demand for basic digital training among social housing residents. The key findings revolve around the substantial dropout rate among those who were interested in undertaking the training. Barriers were strongly influenced by socioeconomic and health circumstances, reflecting the sociodigital inequalities commonly found in this group. For the training participants, the intervention was acceptable and achieved its goals, demonstrating the potential of tailored, persistent training efforts in overcoming barriers. There were no changes in self-reported well-being or digital competency outcomes (but this was limited by the small sample size).

Conclusions

Sociodigital inequalities impact the reach, implementation, and acceptability of telephone-based digital training for social housing residents. Barriers to reaching and training digitally excluded groups can be overcome through the use of trusted intermediaries, personalized recruitment approaches, the minimization of administrative barriers, and tailored and agile training programs. Recognizing the resource-intensive nature of such initiatives, this study calls for enhanced recognition of intermediary efforts in national digital inclusion policies.
Depression and Anxiety Symptoms Among Cisgender Gay and Bisexual Men During the Onset of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Time Series Analysis of a US National Cohort Study
Authors: Mirzayi Chloe , Westmoreland Drew , Stief Matthew , Grov Christian
Published: January 2024

Background

The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States in March 2020 caused a dramatic change in the way many people lived. Few aspects of daily life were left undisrupted by the pandemic’s onset as well as the accompanying policies to control the spread of the disease. Previous research has found that the pandemic may have significantly impacted the mental health of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) individuals—potentially more so than other individuals. However, the pandemic did not affect all areas of the United States at the same time, and there may be regional variation in the impact of the onset of the pandemic on depressive symptoms among LGBTQ individuals.

Objective

To assess regional variation of the impact of the pandemic, we conducted a time series analysis stratified by US geographic region to examine symptoms of depression and anxiety among a sample of primarily cisgender gay and bisexual men before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.

Methods

In total, 5007 participants completed assessments as part of the Together 5000 study, an ongoing prospective cohort study. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-4. Patient Health Questionnaire-4 scores were graphed as a function of days from March 15, 2020. Locally estimated scatterplot smoothing trend lines were applied. A sieve-bootstrap Mann-Kendall test for monotonic trend was conducted to assess the presence and direction of trends in the scatterplots. We then compared the observed trends to those observed for 1 year prior (2018-2019) to the pandemic onset using data collected from the same sample.

Results

Significant positive trends were detected for the Northeast (P=.03) and Midwest (P=.01) regions of the United States in the 2020 assessment, indicating that symptoms of anxiety and depression were increasing in the sample in these regions immediately prior to and during the onset of the pandemic. In contrast, these trends were not present in data from the 2018 to 2019 assessment window.

Conclusions

Symptoms of anxiety and depression increased among the study population in the Northeast and Midwest during the beginning months of the COVID-19 pandemic, but similar increase was not observed in the South and West regions. These trends were also not found for any region in the 2018 to 2019 assessment window. This may indicate region-specific trends in anxiety and depression, potentially driven by the burden of the pandemic and policies that varied from region to region. Future studies should consider geographic variation in COVID-19 spread and policies as well as explore potential mechanisms by which this could influence the mental health of LGBTQ individuals.
Patient-Centered Chronic Wound Care Mobile Apps: Systematic Identification, Analysis, and Assessment
Authors: Dege Tassilo , Glatzel Bernadette , Borst Vanessa , Grän Franziska , Goller Simon , Glatzel Caroline , Goebeler Matthias , Schmieder Astrid
Published: January 2024

Background

The prevalence of chronic wounds is predicted to increase within the aging populations in industrialized countries. Patients experience significant distress due to pain, wound secretions, and the resulting immobilization. As the number of wounds continues to rise, their adequate care becomes increasingly costly in terms of health care resources worldwide. eHealth support systems are being increasingly integrated into patient care. However, to date, no systematic analysis of such apps for chronic wounds has been published.

Objective

The aims of this study were to systematically identify and subjectively assess publicly available German- or English-language mobile apps for patients with chronic wounds, with quality assessments performed by both patients and physicians.

Methods

Two reviewers independently conducted a systematic search and assessment of German- or English-language mobile apps for patients with chronic wounds that were available in the Google Play Store and Apple App Store from April 2022 to May 2022. In total, 3 apps met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were reviewed independently by 10 physicians using the German Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS) and the System Usability Scale (SUS). The app with the highest mean MARS score was subsequently reviewed by 11 patients with chronic wounds using the German user version of the MARS (uMARS) and the SUS. Additionally, Affinity for Technology Interaction (ATI) scale scores were collected from both patients and physicians.

Results

This study assessed mobile apps for patients with chronic wounds that were selected from a pool of 118 identified apps. Of the 73 apps available in both app stores, 10 were patient oriented. After excluding apps with advertisements or costs, 3 apps were evaluated by 10 physicians. Mean MARS scores ranged from 2.64 (SD 0.65) to 3.88 (SD 0.65) out of 5, and mean SUS scores ranged from 50.75 (SD 27) to 80.5 (SD 17.7) out of 100. WUND APP received the highest mean MARS score (mean 3.88, SD 0.65 out of 5) among physicians. Hence, it was subsequently assessed by 11 patients and achieved a similar rating (uMARS score: mean 3.89, SD 0.4 out of 5). Technical affinity, as measured with the ATI scale, was slightly lower in patients (score: mean 3.62, SD 1.35 out of 6) compared to physicians (score: mean 3.88, SD 1.03 out 6).

Conclusions

The quality ratings from physicians and patients were comparable and indicated mediocre app quality. Technical affinity, as assessed by using the ATI scale, was slightly lower for patients. Adequate apps for patients with chronic wounds remain limited, emphasizing the need for improved app development to meet patient needs. The ATI scale proved valuable for assessing technical affinity among different user groups.
Travel Distance Between Participants in US Telemedicine Sessions With Estimates of Emissions Savings: Observational Study
Authors: Cummins Mollie R , Shishupal Sukrut , Wong Bob , Wan Neng , Han Jiuying , Johnny Jace D , Mhatre-Owens Amy , Gouripeddi Ramkiran , Ivanova Julia , Ong Triton , Soni Hiral , Barrera Janelle , Wilczewski Hattie , Welch Brandon M , Bunnell Brian E
Published: January 2024

Background

Digital health and telemedicine are potentially important strategies to decrease health care’s environmental impact and contribution to climate change by reducing transportation-related air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. However, we currently lack robust national estimates of emissions savings attributable to telemedicine.

Objective

This study aimed to (1) determine the travel distance between participants in US telemedicine sessions and (2) estimate the net reduction in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions attributable to telemedicine in the United States, based on national observational data describing the geographical characteristics of telemedicine session participants.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective observational study of telemedicine sessions in the United States between January 1, 2022, and February 21, 2023, on the doxy.me platform. Using Google Distance Matrix, we determined the median travel distance between participating providers and patients for a proportional sample of sessions. Further, based on the best available public data, we estimated the total annual emissions costs and savings attributable to telemedicine in the United States.

Results

The median round trip travel distance between patients and providers was 49 (IQR 21-145) miles. The median CO2 emissions savings per telemedicine session was 20 (IQR 8-59) kg CO2). Accounting for the energy costs of telemedicine and US transportation patterns, among other factors, we estimate that the use of telemedicine in the United States during the years 2021-2022 resulted in approximate annual CO2 emissions savings of 1,443,800 metric tons.

Conclusions

These estimates of travel distance and telemedicine-associated CO2 emissions costs and savings, based on national data, indicate that telemedicine may be an important strategy in reducing the health care sector’s carbon footprint.
Telephone-Based Training Intervention for Using Digital Communication Technologies for Social Housing Residents During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Mixed Methods Feasibility and Acceptability Evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Walker Tim , Buckingham Sarah Ann , Poole Ria , Elliott Lewis Roland , Menneer Tamaryn , Tu Gengyang , Morrissey Karyn
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

In an era in which digital communication technologies play a pivotal role in everyday life, social housing residents remain highly susceptible to digital exclusion.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a telephone-based training intervention designed to empower people to confidently use digital communication technologies (ie, video calls and web-based messaging).

METHODS

Conducted in collaboration with a UK social housing association, the intervention was facilitated by a unitary authority’s Digital Inclusion Team during the COVID-19 pandemic. A mixed methods approach was used, encompassing quantitative and qualitative data collection on demand, reach, implementation, and potential outcomes. Demographic and qualitative data on the reasons for undertaking or not undertaking the training were collected via telephone interviews during the recruitment process. Digital competency and well-being data were collected via a self-reported survey before and after the intervention.

RESULTS

Among the 4485 residents who were offered training, 67 (1.49%) expressed interest, of whom 12 (18%) of the 67 completed the training. The findings indicate a demand for basic digital training among social housing residents. The key findings revolve around the substantial dropout rate among those who were interested in undertaking the training. Barriers were strongly influenced by socioeconomic and health circumstances, reflecting the sociodigital inequalities commonly found in this group. For the training participants, the intervention was acceptable and achieved its goals, demonstrating the potential of tailored, persistent training efforts in overcoming barriers. There were no changes in self-reported well-being or digital competency outcomes (but this was limited by the small sample size).

CONCLUSIONS

Sociodigital inequalities impact the reach, implementation, and acceptability of telephone-based digital training for social housing residents. Barriers to reaching and training digitally excluded groups can be overcome through the use of trusted intermediaries, personalized recruitment approaches, the minimization of administrative barriers, and tailored and agile training programs. Recognizing the resource-intensive nature of such initiatives, this study calls for enhanced recognition of intermediary efforts in national digital inclusion policies.

CLINICALTRIAL
The Physical and Psychological Effects of Telerehabilitation-based Exercise in Patients with Non-specific Low Back Pain: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Shi Weihong , Zhang Yuhang , Bian Yanyan , Chen Lixia , Yuan Wangshu , Zhang Houqiang , Feng Qiyang , Zhang Huiling , Liu Di , Lin Ye
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Physical therapy has demonstrated efficacy in managing non-specific low back pain (NLBP) among patients. Nevertheless, the prevalence of NLBP poses a challenge, as the existing medical infrastructure may be insufficient to care for the large patient population, particularly in geographically remote regions. Telerehabilitation emerges as a promising method to address this concern by offering a method to deliver superior medical care to a greater number of NLBP patients.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the effectiveness of a telerehabilitation program in patients with NLBP.

METHODS

Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, individuals with NLBP for a duration exceeding 3 months were enrolled in this study. Subsequently, a random allocation process assigned participants to either the telerehabilitation-based exercise group (TBEG) or the Outpatient-based exercise group (OBEG). All subjects engaged in a 30-minute regimen of strength and stretching exercises every two days for 8 weeks. The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) served as the primary outcome measure, assessing physical disability. Secondary outcomes include pain intensity, fear-avoidance tendencies, and quality of life, as shown by the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Fear-Avoidance Belief Questionnaire (FABQ), and 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), respectively.

RESULTS

54 out of 128 eligible patients were enrolled and randomly assigned in the study. The findings indicate that the improvement observed in ODI scores within the TBEG group was comparable to that in the OBEG group at 2 weeks (mean difference -0.91, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] -5.96 to 4.14, P=0.718), 4 weeks (mean difference -3.80, 95% CI -9.86 to -2.25, P=0.213), and 8 weeks (mean difference -3.24, 95% CI -8.65 to 2.17, P=0.235). No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups at the 8-week mark regarding the FABQ (mean difference 8.88, 95% CI -2.29 to 20.06, P=0.116), NPRS (mean difference -0.39, 95% CI -2.10 to 1.31, P=0.642), and SF-36 scores (P >0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

Telerehabitation interventions demonstrate comparable therapeutic efficacy for individuals with NLBP when compared to conventional outpatient-based physical therapy, yielding comparable outcomes in pain reduction and improvement in functional limitations.

CLINICALTRIAL

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR2300068984 ;
(https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=189852)
Using Sensor Data to Inform Safe and Healthy Lifestyle During Periods of Confinement of Older Adults (Preprint)
Authors: Lee Knoo , Marchal Noah , Powell Kimberly R.
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Older adults were disproportionately affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, with a high number of deaths occurring in this age group. The impact of social isolation and home confinement continues to impact the mental and emotional health of older adults, despite the end of the COVID-19 public health emergency. Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors including physical and social inactivity, poor sleep quality, and unhealthy diet, have been reported. Recommendations for healthy lifestyle changes have primarily targeted the general population, highlighting the need for personalized recommendations for vulnerable older adults. Remote sensing technologies offer an opportunity to understand behavior changes among older adults and provide personalized recommendations.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to: 1) describe the effects of home confinement and social isolation on community dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 outbreak and 2) investigate how ubiquitous computing and telehealth-based solutions, such as remote sensors installed in homes, can help inform recommendations for safe and healthy lifestyles.

METHODS

Ubiquitous sensors including bed transducers, 3D depth cameras, and passive infrared (PIR) motion sensors were installed in the homes of older adults (n=64). Features were derived from raw sensor data using signal processing algorithms for each data type, such as gait parameters from 3D path information and respiration rate from bed transducer signals. We compared features derived from sensors for approximately one month before the COVID-19 outbreak (1/14/20-2/13/20) and one month after the onset of the pandemic (3/14/20-4/13/20) . We used descriptive statistics and paired-sample t-tests to compare the two time periods: pre-COVID-19 and early-COVID-19.

RESULTS

Significant differences in sensor features were observed between the pre-COVID-19 and early-COVID-19 time periods. We found statistically significant differences in bed restlessness, time spent in bed, pulse, respiration, and stride length.

CONCLUSIONS

This study highlights the impact on behavior and health during periods of home confinement for community dwelling older adults. Findings suggest a significant decline in physical and mental health which could lead to depression, lack of social contact, and diminished functional capacity. The findings also have important implications for older adults during future periods of infectious disease outbreaks. In-home sensor technology may help monitor the health of older adults and make data-driven decisions regarding home confinement and social isolation.

CLINICALTRIAL

NA
Long-term effects of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy on depression prevention among university students: a randomized controlled factorial trial. (Preprint)
Authors: Nakagami Yukako , Uwatoko Teruhisa , Shimamoto Tomonari , Sakata Masatsugu , Toyomoto Rie , Yoshida Kazufumi , Luo Yan , Shiraishi Nao , Tajika Aran , Sahker Ethan , Horikoshi Masaru , Noma Hisashi , Iwami Taku , Furukawa Toshi A.
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy (iCBT) shows promise in the prevention of depression. However, the specific iCBT components that contribute to its effectiveness remain unclear.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the effects of iCBT components in preventing depression among university students.

METHODS

Using a smartphone CBT app, we randomly allocated university students to the presence or absence of five different iCBT components: self-monitoring (SM), behavioral activation (BA), cognitive restructuring (CR), assertiveness training (AT), and problem-solving (PS). The active intervention lasted eight weeks but the app remained accessible through the follow-up. The primary outcome was the onset of a major depressive episode (MDE) between baseline and 52 weeks follow-up, as assessed with the computerized WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Secondary outcomes included changes in the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and CBT Skills Scale.

RESULTS

During the 12-month follow-up, 133 of 1301 participants (10.2%) reported onset of MDE. There were no significant differences in the incidence of MDE between the groups with or without each component (Hazard ratios ranged from 0.85 [95% confidence interval: 0.60-1.20] for AT to 1.26 [0.88-1.79] for SM). Furthermore, there were no significant differences in the changes on the PHQ-9, GAD-7 or for CBT Skills Scale between component allocation groups. However, significant reductions in depression and anxiety symptoms were observed among all participants at the 52-week follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS

In this study, all participants with and without intervention of iCBT components demonstrated significant improvements in depressive and anxiety symptoms and we could not identify any specific iCBT components that were effective in preventing depression or the acquisition of CBT skills over the 12-month follow-up period. Further research is needed to explore the potential impact of frequency of psychological assessments, non-specific intervention effects, natural change in the mental state, and the baseline depression level.

CLINICALTRIAL

UMINCTR-000031307

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.1186/s13063-018-2719-z
Surgical Residents’ Perception of Feedback on Their Education: Protocol for a Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Costa Carlos Dario da Silva , Silva Gabriela Gouvea , Santos Emerson Roberto dos , Engel Ana Maria Rita Pedroso Vilela Torres de Carvalho , Costa Ana Caroline dos Santos , da Silva Taisa Morete , da Conceição Washington Henrique , Cristóvão Helena , Lima Alba Regina de Abreu , Brienze Vânia MS , Bizotto Thaís Santana Gastardelo , Oliani Antonio Hélio , André Júlio César
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND

Feedback is an essential tool for learning and improving performance in any sphere of education, including training of resident physicians. The learner’s perception of the feedback they receive is extremely relevant to their learning progress, which must aim at providing qualified care for patients. Studies pertinent to the matter differ substantially with respect to methodology, population, context, and objective, which makes it even more difficult to achieve a clear understanding of the topic. A scoping review on this theme will unequivocally enhance and organize what is already known.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to identify and map out data from studies that report surgical residents’ perception of the feedback received during their education.

METHODS

The review will consider studies on the feedback perception of resident physicians of any surgical specialty and age group, attending any year of residency, regardless of the type of feedback given and the way the perceptions were measured. Primary studies published in English, Spanish, and Portuguese since 2017 will be considered. The search will be carried out in 6 databases and reference lists will also be searched for additional studies. Duplicates will be removed, and 2 independent reviewers will screen the selected studies’ titles, abstracts, and full texts. Data extraction will be performed through a tool developed by the researchers. Descriptive statistics and qualitative analysis (content analysis) will be used to analyze the data. A summary of the results will be presented in the form of diagrams, narratives, and tables.

RESULTS

The findings of this scoping review were submitted to an indexed journal in July 2024, currently awaiting reviewer approval. The search was executed on March 15, 2024, and resulted in 588 articles. After the exclusion of the duplicate articles and those that did not meet the eligibility criteria as well as the inclusion of articles through a manual search, 13 articles were included in the review.

CONCLUSIONS

Conducting a scoping review is the best way to map what is known about a subject. By focusing on the feedback perception more than the feedback itself, the results of this study will surely contribute to gaining a deeper understanding of how to proceed to enhance internal feedback and surgical residents’ learning progress.

CLINICALTRIAL

Open Science Framework yexb; https://osf.io/yexkb.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/56727
Kesempatan Penelitian Ejaan Naskah di Era Digital: Uji Coba Pengamatan Perilaku Huruf Berdasarkan Metode Willem Van Der Molen
Authors: Sumiwi Styan Lintang
Published: January 2024

This paper draws on Peter Worsley's idea in 1972 to catalog errors and spelling conventions of a manuscript that would be useful in uncovering its copying tradition. The spelling aspect of the theory has never been fully implemented, including Worsley himself. Willem van der Molen (1983) attempted to implement spelling analysis by looking at the behavior of each script in each manuscript, but he only tried it with two letter variations. He couldn't complete the work due to the large amount of data involved, which took too long. Current advances in information technology have made it possible to automate text data processing that previously had to be done manually. This research reviews the method offered by Willem van der Molen and shows how computing technology helps in such analysis.

===

Tulisan ini berangkat dari gagasan Peter Worsley pada tahun 1972 untuk membuat katalog kesalahan dan konvensi ejaan suatu naskah yang berguna dalam mengungkap tradisi penyalinannya. Aspek ejaan dalam teori tersebut belum pernah diimplementasikan secara tuntas, termasuk oleh Worsley sendiri. Willem van der Molen (1983) mencontohkan implementasi analisis ejaan dengan cara memperhatikan perilaku setiap aksara pada setiap naskah, namun ia hanya mencobanya pada variasi dua huruf. Analisis tersebut tidak dapat ia selesaikan karena cakupan data yang besar sehingga memakan waktu terlalu lama. Kemajuan di bidang teknologi informasi yang ada saat ini telah memungkinkan otomatisasi pengolahan data teks yang sebelumnya harus dilakukan secara manual. Penelitian ini dilakukan sebagai tinjauan ulang atas metode yang ditawarkan Willem van der Molen dan memperlihatkan bagaimana teknologi komputasi bermanfaat dalam analisis tersebut.
Warisan Budaya dalam Konteks Standar Internasional: Penjagaan Warisan Budaya Untuk Pembangunan Berkelanjutan
Authors: Ramadhan Muhammad Fadil , Adi Prasetijo
Published: January 2024

In the era of globalization, infrastructure and economic development have become the primary focus of countries worldwide. While these projects have the potential to improve quality of life and economic growth, they can also have negative impacts on the environment and cultural heritage. This article discusses the role of international lending institutions, such as Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs), in supporting the preservation of cultural heritage in the context of sustainable development. Literature review is used as the research method to inspect the approaches and efforts made by these institutions in identifying, protecting, and conserving cultural heritage in development projects. Through improved understanding and collaboration among these institutions, businesses, and local communities, the preservation of cultural heritage can become an integral part of efforts towards inclusive and sustainable development. Awareness of the importance of unexpected discovery handling procedures is also crucial to address challenges that may arise during project implementation. With the right measures in place, cultural heritage can be preserved for future generations in sustainable development.

===

Dalam era globalisasi, pembangunan infrastruktur dan ekonomi menjadi fokus utama negara-negara di seluruh dunia. Meskipun proyek-proyek ini memiliki potensi untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup dan pertumbuhan ekonomi, mereka juga dapat berdampak negatif pada lingkungan dan warisan budaya. Artikel ini membahas peran lembaga internasional peminjam dana, seperti Multilateral Development Bank (MDB), dalam mendukung pelestarian warisan budaya dalam konteks pembangunan berkelanjutan. Studi literatur digunakan sebagai metode penelitian untuk menelusuri upaya yang dilakukan oleh lembaga-lembaga ini dalam mengidentifikasi, melindungi, dan melestarikan warisan budaya dalam proyek-proyek pembangunan. Melalui pemahaman dan kolaborasi yang lebih baik antara lembaga-lembaga ini, pelaku usaha, dan komunitas lokal, pelestarian warisan budaya dapat menjadi bagian integral dari upaya menuju pembangunan berkelanjutan yang inklusif dan berkelanjutan. Kesadaran akan pentingnya prosedur penanganan temuan tak terduga juga penting untuk mengatasi tantangan yang mungkin muncul selama pelaksanaan proyek. Dengan langkah-langkah yang tepat, warisan budaya dapat dilestarikan untuk generasi mendatang dalam pembangunan yang berkelanjutan.
Makna Fungsi Pañcatathāgata di Candi Bubrah
Authors: Waluyo Waluyo , Yasa I Wayan Suka , Wirawan I Gusti Bagus
Published: January 2024

The pañcatathāgata statues at Candi Bubrah are functionally valuable in the large structure of the temple as a maṇḍala. The symbolic and semiotic dimensions of the pañcatathāgata archaelogical artifact at Candi Bubrah, which represent the objects of meditation in the stages of achieving Buddhahood, need to be studied. This research aims to describe the doctrinal reasons behind the presence of the pañcatathāgata in Candi Bubrah; analyze their function in meditation practices; and explain the significance of these function for the achievement of Liberation. Peirce’s trichotomy relations analysis and Strauss’s structuralism approach with qualitative methods are used to examine the material objects of this study. The pañcatathāgata at Candi Bubrah serves as a guide in practicing Buddhist meditation. The meditative functions of the pañcatathāgata statues, each with its own characteristics, as objects of meditation for the development of tranquility, are as follows: Akṣobhya, representing the bhūśparsa mudra, the east, the blue element, the vajra symbol, the physical element, rejection, mirror-like knowledge; Ratnasambhava, with the varada mudra, the south, the yellow element, the jewel, perception, arrogance, knowledge of equality; Amitābha, reflected by the samādhi mudra, the west, the red element, the lotus, the forms of the mind, greed, knowledge of differentiation; Amoghasiddhi, with the characteristic of the abhaya mudra, the north, the green element, the viśvavajra, the knower, jealousy, knowledge of attainment; and Vairocana, with the dharmacakra mudra, the center, the white element, the wheel, feelings, misunderstanding, knowledge of what is. The meditative functions of the pañcatathāgata statues, which represent mental qualities, significantly lead someone to Liberation.