bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE TRANSHUMANIS’M PERSPECTIVE: CONCEPTS OF THE POSTHUMAN
Authors: Kiselyova Tetyana
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Posthuman concepts raise many ethical, philosophical and social questions. Such as fair access to such technologies, preservation of our humanity, interaction of new forms of posthuman society and culture, and others. These questions require investigation and critical reflection if we are to influence our posthuman future. The aim of the article is an analysis of transhumanism as a metacultural attitude that affects modern humanity and shapes its future prospects. Special attention is focused on ideas and concepts of transhumanism influence the formation of the concept of the posthuman, and how this process can change our understanding of human existence. We aim to indicate the essence of the concept of the posthuman in the context of transhumanism and the technological and socio-cultural changes necessary for its emergence and the consequences and ethical challenges along the way. Research methodology is a complex of philosophical and general scientific methods. The article also uses sociocultural, systemic and synergistic approaches. Research results. Philosophers in their research emphasize the need to develop careful cultural and political strategies to control the development of the posthuman and minimize potential negative risks. First, technological progress itself must be regulated, because any interference in human nature must not lead to negative consequences. Secondly, it is important that society is informed about how technological progress can affect the future. Thirdly, it is important to invest in scientific research in order to gradually introduce technological advances into our lives and start a deliberate path to the posthuman now. Conclusions. The posthuman is a possible future for humanity. And the evolution of man to post-man began yesterday. It is important that we actively manage this process, using regulation, ethical standards, scientific research and social dialogue to ensure that a posthuman future is in our collective interest and a common human value
Dignity Therapy as a Method of Palliative Psychological Assistance
Authors: Bayer O.
Published: December 2023

Methodological and theoretical grounding of a brief psychological intervention, new for Ukraine, are presented ‒ of so-called dignity therapy created by a Canadian researcher Harvey M. Chochinov the aim of which is fostering the feeling of the personhood of patients, actualization of their feeling of dignity and, as a result, decreasing of sufferings and increasing the quality of their lives. The scope of requests and conditions where dignity therapy could be helpful is defined, palliative care and psychological support of the elderly in particular. The factor contents of the model of dignity around which the intervention is constructed is revealed: feelings around the illness, behavioural repertoire related to the feeling of dignity, and the social model of dignity. The stages of dignity therapy implementation (preparatory, the stage of interview, and the stage of creating Generativity Document), its eight components (setting, comprehension check, probing questions, exploration of one's life path, refocusing, encouraging for meaningful expressions, general processes of the therapy) as well as questions that a therapist asks a patient in order to start a foreseen process are listed and described. Approximate contents of Generativity Document which is a key material product of dignity therapy on the example of summarized results of thematic analysis in the relevant research from different countries is presented (the developed themes include “Family”, “Pleasure”, “Caring”, “A Sense of Accomplishment” and others). The description of the procedure of estimation of efficacy of dignity therapy is provided, in particular through the use of self-reports and with the inclusion of groups of experts. A brief outline of the demands for therapists who implement the intervention is defined (namely, the standardized training with standardized teaching materials, the work at standardized cases, providing supervisions and additional expert support). The importance of the attitude of a specialist towards realization of dignity therapy is stressed ‒ sensitive, self-aware as well as self-reflective.
Clinical guidelines of ukrainian hair research society. diagnosis and treatment of alopecia areata
Authors: Serbina Inessa , Кhobzei Kuzma , Lіadova Tetyana , Litus Oleksandr , Vozianova Svitlana , Andrashko Yuriy , Galnykina Svitlana , Sviatenko Tetiana , Svistunov Igor , Syzon Orysya , Kadyhrob Iryna , Ovcharenko Yuliya
Published: December 2023

ABSTRACT. Alopecia areata is an immune-mediated disease resulting from the interaction of genetic factors and exogenous triggers, leading to the activation of the Janus Kinases - Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription signaling pathway, the formation of non-specific autoimmune inflammation and disruption of immune tolerance of hair follicles. Alopecia areata has an unpredictable course with a non-scarring type of hair loss, it can affect the hair part of the head and/or hair in other areas, it can be manifested by damage to the nail plates. The psychotraumatic impact of this disease can be compared to the consequences of life-threatening or disabling diseases. For this reason, the degree of negative impact of alopecia areata on the quality of life may not correlate with the objective condition of patients, which is often not taken into account in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Despite the variety of treatment options available, achieving effective and safe disease control is not always straightforward. Treating patients with alopecia areata and comorbid conditions can be particularly challenging and may require close collaboration between specialists from various fields. For these and other reasons, there is significant dissatisfaction among patients regarding alopecia areata and its treatment. The systematic organization, unification, and adaptation of modern knowledge about alopecia areata have led to the creation of two algorithms: a diagnostic algorithm and a therapeutic algorithm. These algorithms provide a differentiated approach to patient management, with age, disease severity, clinical form, disease activity stage, comorbid pathology, prognostic factors, and patient quality of life taken into account. Agents with immunosuppressive action belong to the main group of drugs in the treatment of alopecia areata, according to the antigenic concept of the pathogenesis of the disease. Ongoing work is being done to update treatment protocols to include JAK inhibitors and other preparations, taking into based on new developments and the expanding pharmaceutical market.
The Threat of Optical Transmission Jamming
Authors: Kowalczyk Marcin , Marzecki Michal , Siuzdak Jerzy
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we investigate how data transmissions may be affected by various types of optical interference introduced into the fiber on purpose, via a clip-on coupler. The research proved that transmissions may be jammed completely using inexpensive equipment readily available on the market, provided that the attacker has physical access to the fiber optic cable. The most dangerous attacks rely on a typical, slowly modulated communication laser with a rectangular waveform. This study urges further research aimed at counteracting such attacks.
A Brief History of UTC Leap Second
Authors: Lewandowski Włodzimierz , Marszalec Michał
Published: December 2023

Approximately once a year, since 1972, a leap second is introduced into UTC, the world's atomic time scale for civil time, to keep it in phase with the rotation of the Earth. Leap seconds ensure that, on average, the Sun continues to be overhead on the Greenwich meridian at noon to within about 1 s. The question of leap second is being debated since 2000 in different working groups of various international organizations, especially in the ITU-R WP 7A, is whether there still a need for the leap second, with its many technical inconveniences. In these groups overwhelmingly prevails an opinion that it would be better simply to let atomic time run freely and accept that the world's civil time scale will slowly diverge from the rotation of the Earth. The National Institute of Telecommunications in recent years became one of the leaders of this process. This article gives brief history of the current practice of UTC and outlines various solutions.
Russian pagans in special military operation (experience of individual interview)
Authors: Shizhenskiy R. V.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of one of the directions of modern paganism (Asatra/Odinism) through the prism of the philosophical features of the participant of special military operation (SVO). The purpose of this work is to analyze the source base (interview materials) of the carrier – the respondent to determine the specifics of religious nativism in the area of the special military operation.

Materials and Methods. The research materials are in-depth interviews, narratives of ideologues of modern Russian paganism, containing information about the specifics of the Germanic-Scandinavian variation of the religious phenomenon of the XXIst century. The author used the following methods: cultural and anthropological methods (qualitative content analysis, analysis of a set of individual interviews), hermeneutic method, comparative analysis. The study pays considerable attention to the principle of objectivism. In particular, during his work on pagan narrative sources, the author adhered to the principle of non-supporting hermeneutics, a method of historical phenomenology.

Results. As a result, some features of «vital activity» of the phenomenon of world view of Russian pagans in the zone of special military operation were considered. The interviewing of a representative of the Scandinavian paganism (loneliness) made it possible to form an opinion on the following problem fields connected with the entry of neophytes into the religious system: on ceremonial practices, places of worship during war, symbolism, attitude towards state power, future of religious nativists in the realities of the Russian Federation.

Discussion and Conclusions. The author managed to reach the following conclusions: in the zone of special military operation, in addition to representatives of world religions, active adherents of modern variations of Slavic and Scandinavian «traditional» beliefs. Slavic-Scandinavian religious syncretism is observed in the military pagan environment. The micro-world of «combat paganism» is partly an ideological, structural tracing of the «peaceful pagan diaspora» existing in the religious space of the Russian Federation. In both cases, there is a choice in favor of individual reading of the constructed/reconstructed creed, an identical system of charms, a common opinion on issues related to the initial period of the ancient Russian state (the place of foreign elites in its genesis).
Psychometric analysis of questionnaire of cyberbullying and aggression on the Internet
Authors: Vikhman A. A. , Volkova E. N. , Skitnevskaya L. V.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. The socialization of a modern teenager is inevitably connected with digital skills and communication on the Internet. The Internet itself acts as a cognitive technology that has many benefits and opportunities for cognitive development and education. At the same time, a child's activity on the Internet can lead to a number of risks, including a collision with aggression in the online space. With the development of information technology, a special type of bullying is being formed – cyberbullying. Often, Russian scientific articles do not provide data on the psychometric qualities of cyberbullying questionnaires and questionnaires used in the study. The content of the cyberbullying questionnaire requires constant updating and clarification of behavioral manifestations.

Materials and Methods. The paper describes the results of a psychometric test of questionnaire of cyberbullying and aggression on the Internet. The questionnaire consists of 18 direct questions and is designed to define the experience of cyberbullying. Psychometric features of the Survey were tested among sampled 312 respondents, including girls (n=231) and boys (n=81) at the age of 13-22.

Results. An exploratory factor analysis determines a four-component model of the Survey: cybervictimity, cyberagression, negative emotions from online communication and a factor of adults’ assistance. The Survey’s scales were verified for their reliability: Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of scales’ internal consistence is 0.712 – 0.779. The Surveys’ scales are reliably interconnected by their correlational ties from 0.50 to 0.60.

Discussion and Conclusions. Convergent validity of the Cyberbullying Survey is examined: this revealed reliable correlational ties with all CIAS scales, as well as with personal features of irascibility, proneness to conflicts, suspiciousness, and negative aggression on the whole (Personal Aggression and Proneness to Conflicts by E.P. Ilin and P.A. Kovalev). The obtained results prove that the Survey under analysis is a reliable psychometric instrument for studying cyberbullying which could be applied for scientific purposes and in practice.
Effect of ammonium and potassium nitrate on winter hardiness and yield of winter rye (Secale cereale L.)
Authors: Petrovtseva N. A. , Pasynkova E. N.
Published: December 2023

The results of research for 3 years (2019–2021) on winter rye (Secale cerealeL.) crops in the North-West region of the Russian Federation (Leningrad region) are presented. The effect of different doses and timing of ammonium and potassium nitrate application on winter hardiness and productivity of winter rye plants on the example of Volkhova and Eureka varieties was studied. The soil in the experimental fields was sod-podzolic loamy with the depth of the arable horizon of 20–25 cm. Humus content – 2.0–2.3%, pH of the salt extract – 5.2–5.5. Fertilizers were applied in dry form in the autumn one week after the emergence of the seedlings, and in the spring – at the resumption of vegetation. The studied fertilizer doses in terms of active substance for nitrogen were 0 (control), 30, 60 and 90 kg/ha. It is shown that winter hardiness of both varieties practically did not depend on the doses and timing of the application, as well as on the type of fertilizers. The maximum grain yield was shown by the Volkhova variety at a dose of nitrogen of 60 kg/ha, the Eureka variety – 90 kg/ha, with the maximum yield of the Eureka variety for all the years exceeding that of the Volkhova variety by 24.5%. Within the specified doses of nitrogen for both varieties, the best option was a single spring application of a mixture of ammonium and potassium nitrate, the worst - a single spring application of ammonium nitrate alone. On average for both varieties, potassium nitrate application in spring increased the grain yield by 16% compared to the variants where potassium nitrate was not used.
Effect of carbohydrate level in the diets of Kholmogor cows on milk productivity and milk quality
Authors: Nakonechny A. A. , Dydykina A. L. , Vyazminov A. O.
Published: December 2023

The effect of the diets with different ratio of easily digestible carbohydrates on milk productivity and milk quality of high-yielding Kholmogor cows during the milking period was studied. The research and production experiment on the cows was conducted in the Arkhangelsk region in 2022. Selection of animals in the control and experimental groups was carried out by the method of pair-analogues under the stall barn system. Two groups of cows participated in the research: experimental and control groups of 10 cows each. The experiment lasted for 100 days. Carbohydrate-protein mixture was used as a carbohydrate supplement to the diets of experimental animals in the amount of 1.5 kg per head per day. Selective milk quality control for mass fraction of fat, protein, lactose, dry matter, milk solids non-fat (MSNF), freezing point, urea and somatic cells were determined on a Bentley Combi 150 high-speed infrared milk analyzer at the Selective Milk Quality Control Laboratory. It was found that the sugar-protein ratio in the experimental group was twice higher (0.58) than in the control group (0.29), due to the presence of carbohydrate supplementation in the diet. The increase in milk productivity of the animals by 4.6 and 0.14% of the protein level in milk at inclusion of carbohydrate-protein mixture in the amount of 1.5 kg per one head per day in the diet was established. A 3.2% decrease in the level of urea in milk was recorded, indicating a more efficient use of amino acids by the animals in the process of metabolism at the same level of absorption of ammonium forms while increasing the level of simple carbohydrates in the diet. The positive effect of this additive on the content of dry skim milk residue, which increased in the milk of the cows of the experimental group by 0.128 absolute % (abs.%), was revealed. Application of the carbohydrate-protein mixture in the amount of 1.5 kg per one head per day and control over the quality of produced products will increase the milk productivity of cows, improve the quality of products, increase the productive longevity of dairy cattle.
Analysis of functional activity of granulosa cells of porcine ovarian follicles
Authors: Kuzmina T. I. , Prituzhalova A. O. , Shiryaev G. V. , Starikova D. A. , Kurochkin A. A. , Baranova E. I. , Sokolova N. O.
Published: December 2023

Functioning of the granulosa cells of animal ovarian follicles (OF) determines the growth and development of the OF and the oocyte formed in it, which determines their use in modeling the composition of media for oocyte maturation in vitro in cell reproductive technologies. The purpose of the study is to determine the peculiarities of functional activity of granulosa cells in follicles of different diameters (< 3, 3–5, 5–8 mm) using complex testing of granulosa cell viability parameters (apoptosis level, production of reactive oxygen species, functional activity of mitochondria and lipidome) and hormonal status of follicle fluid (estradiol, testosterone, anti-Müllerian hormone level) in order to optimize the composition of the culture media for in vitro maturation of pig oocytes. The experiments found that the proportion of apoptotic cells in the OF increased as the diameter of the OF increased (by 11% in OFs 5–8 mm in diameter, by 4% in OFs < 3 mm in diameter). There was an increase in the number of high reactive oxygen species cells (by 10% in 5–8 mm diameter OF compared with < 3 mm diameter OF) and high mitochondrial activity (by 12% in 5–8 mm diameter OF compared with < 3 mm diameter OF). Correlations were found between the group of cells with high generation of reactive oxygen species and the level of apoptosis (0.500, p < 0.05), as well as with high levels of mitochondrial activity (0.500, p < 0.05). Estradiol concentration in follicular fluid increased as the OF grew (1.50 ng/ml in OF < 3 mm diameter and 2.09 ng/ml in OF 3–5 mm diameter, p < 0.01), being almost unchanged in OF 5–8 mm diameter (2.11 ng/ml), as was the testosterone concentration. Correlations were found between the proportion of the cells with high NileRed/LD FI (a marker of lipid droplet functional activity) and the levels of estradiol (0.998, p < 0.05), testosterone (0.500, p < 0.05), and anti-Müllerian hormone (–0.500, p < 0.05) in the dynamics of folliculogenesis, as well as between estradiol concentration and the proportion of cells with high mitochondrial activity (0.746, p < 0.05). Correlations were detected between the concentrations of estradiol and anti-Müllerian hormone, testosterone and anti-Müllerian hormone (–1.000, p < 0.05), between the level of apoptotic cells and the concentration of anti-Müllerian hormone in follicular fluid (–1.000, p < 0.05). The results of the monitoring of the viability and functional activity of porcine OF granulosa cells supplement the available data on the peculiarities of their functioning in the dynamics of folliculogenesis and can be used in modeling the systems of in vitro maturation of donor oocytes of Sus Scrofa Domesticus.
Social and political movement of the Siberian Tatars in the early 20th century
Authors: Khabutdinov A. Yu. , Tychinskikh Z. A.
Published: December 2023

The article discusses the evolution of the Siberian Tatars’ socio-political movement in the period between two revolutions of the early 20th century the revolution of 1905–1907 and the February Revolution of 1917. The article shows that until 1917, the movement predominantly took shape of charitable societies, whose purpose was primarily cultural and educational activities. However, the Muslims of Siberia had already taken part in the All-Russian Muslim Congresses of 1906 and 1914. The peak of the socio-political movement occurred in 1917 early 1918 when Muslim committees and bureaus were organized in cities, and provincial Muslim congresses, Muslim Shuros (National Councils) and provincial branches of the Milli Idare (The National Administration) were held. The article pays special attention to the discussions of 1917 – early 1918, which raised the issues of creating separate autonomous structures of Siberian Muslims. We have found that the Tatars of Asian Russia eventually abandoned the idea of forming parallel bodies of religious and national-cultural autonomy, retaining parishes as part of a single Spiritual Assembly and becoming part of the Milli Idare with its center in Ufa.
Translation problems encountered when translating Galimzhan Ibragimov’s works into Turkish (based on the story “Almachuar” (“Chubary”)).
Authors: Zaripova-Chetin Ch. , Nurmukhametova R.
Published: December 2023

In the practice of translation, we distinguish translations into related and imrelated languages. Nations have always been interested in each other’s history, culture and literature. Thus, different translations emerged.

The proposed article focuses on related Turkic languages Tatar and Turkish. Despite the similarity of vocabulary and grammar of these languages, many problems arise in translation.

This work describes some difficult cases that arose in the process of translating a Tatar text into Turkish. A comparative analysis of the original and its translation indicates that translation difficulties arise even in the case of related languages. Linguistic and cultural phenomena, realities and proverbs cause many problems for translators. The use of various translation techniques and methods makes it possible to successfully solve these difficulties. We describe in detail the transformations in the course of translation from one language into another of individual lexical units, features of the Tatar people’s everyday life and the scene of Sabantuy in G. Ibragimov’s work “Almachuar” (“Chubary”). In this way, we ensure a scientific and practical understanding of the translation between related languages.
Yield structure of highly heterosic winter rye hybrids and features of its formation
Authors: Chaikin Vladimir Vasilievich , Torop Alexander Andreevich , Torop Elena Aleksandrovna , Goleva Galina Gennadievna , Vashchenko Tatyana Grigorievna
Published: December 2023

In the conditions of the Central Black Earth Region, the peculiarities of yield formation by highly heterotic hybrids of winter rye were studied for 3 years. The purpose of the research is to establish which structural elements and processes are responsible for the formation of higher yields in highly heterotic winter rye hybrids compared to the population variety. Each year 13-18 first-generation hybrids obtained using P-type CMS served as the starting material. The studied hybrids and the standard were sown in pairs on plots of 5 m2 in 6-fold repetition using the standard (dactyl) method. We studied the yield structure only of those hybrids that exceeded the standard—a high-yielding population variety—by 15 percent or more. The studied material was analyzed according to 53 indicators including in addition to the main elements of productivity, a detailed analysis of the ear and stem, as well as a number of characteristics characterizing the cenosis, the plant and its individual organs, physiological characteristics and the quality of the formed grains. As a result of the studies, it was found that highly heterotic hybrids of winter rye form a larger grain yield due to a larger yield of above-ground mass and a larger proportion of grain in it. Large proportion of grain in the above-ground mass of the crop  (Kkhos.) is the result of more efficient use by hybrids of reserve plastic substances accumulated as a result of photosynthesis in the stem and ear, in particular. This is confirmed by the lower specific gravity of the stem and its parts (internodes), and higher values of micro-distribution, grain attraction and filling indices, as well as the Canadian index. Heterotic hybrids are characterized by a different type of organogenesis, which differs from that characteristic of modern population varieties. It was concluded that when breeding population varieties of winter rye to increase yield, it is necessary to select genotypes with higher values of the Canadian index and indices of micro-distribution, attraction and grain filling, as well as with a lower specific weight of the stem and its parts.
Realization of the genetic potential of Yaroslavl cows
Authors: Zyryanova Svetlana Vladimirovna , Abramova Marina Vladimirovna
Published: December 2023

The purpose of research was determining the degree of realization of the genetic potential of Yaroslavl cows of different genotypes. It was found out that the formation of productive traits in improved genotypes and purebred animals is different. The genetic potential of cows of the improved genotype of the Yaroslavl breed in milk yield exceeded purebred animals by 2,460 kg or by 51.9%. Milk yield of cows of the improved genotype were higher by 718-1574 kg than those of purebred Yaroslavl cattle, however, the degree of realization of the genetic potential was lower and amounted to 55.2-76.8%. Purebred cows of the Yaroslavl breed had a high degree of realization of the genetic potential for milk yield throughout the entire productive use - 68.0-82.2%, which indicates their better adaptive ability to the conditions of feeding and maintenance.
Influence of tillage methods and biological fertilizers on the yield of spring rapeseed and winter wheat in forest-steppe conditions
Authors: Vinogradov Dmitry Valerievich , Zubkova Tatiana Vladimirovna
Published: December 2023

The following tillage options have been studied: plowing (Kverneland PN/RN plow, Kverneland base model), cultivation (Rusich KPP-12 cultivator with a two-row spring-roller attachment), chiseling (chisel cultivator for continuous tillage, KCH 5.1). Fertilizers Ora start, Azotovite, Phosphatovite, Ecorost were used in the experiment. According to the research results, it was found that the maximum increase was obtained on variants with chisel tillage. On wheat crops, high yields were recorded, where the preparations Ora start, 1,5 l/t, Azotovite, 0,5 l/ha + Phosphatovite, 0,5 l/ha (+25,1%), Ora start, 1,5 l/t, Ecorost, 0,5 l/ha (+22,9%) were used. High yield of spring rapeseed was revealed on the variant with chiseling, and the joint action of Ora start, 1,5 l/t, Azotovite, 0,5 l/ha + Phosphatovite, 0,5 l/ha (2,53 t/ha).
Production potential of new varieties of plums in the ecological conditions of the south of Russia
Authors: Zaremuk Rimma Shamsudinovna , Kochubey Alexander Anatolievich
Published: December 2023

The introduction of new varieties of fruit crops remains an important direction in improving the assortment and is associated with their study in new soil and climatic conditions. The article presents the results of a variety study of new introduced varieties of plum (Prunus domestica L.) – Big Stanley, Blue Moon, August Delight and Chinese plum (Prunus salicina L.) – Dark Sunlight and Crimson Glo in conditions of southern gardening. The aim of the research was a comprehensive assessment of the introduced varieties of common plum and Chinese plum, the selection of varieties - sources of valuable traits for breeding use and renewal of a group of promising industrial varieties. It has been established that, according to the ripening time, the introduced plum varieties August Delight, Blue Moon belong to the group of medium-late ones, Big Stanley, Crimson Glo, Dark Sunlight - to the group of late ones. The duration of the fruit ripening period of the studied varieties is 137-152 days, depending on the characteristics of the variety. It was revealed that the trees of the Dark Sunlight variety are characterized by a restrained growth force, not exceeding 2.5 m. More active growth (3.0-3.5 m) was noted in the trees of the Big Stanley, Blue Moon, August Delight and Crimson Glo varieties. On the basis of "fruit weight", the studied varieties belong to the group of large-fruited. Chinese plum varieties Crimson Glo (71.5 g) and Dark Sunlight (79.0 g) are classified as very large-fruited, domestic plum varieties August Delight (44.6 g) and Big Stanley (48.0 g) are classified as large-fruited. It is confirmed that in the conditions of the southern region, new varieties of Chinese and domestic plums are productive. Higher yields were formed in Chinese plum varieties Dark Sunlight (36.4 t/ha) and Crimson Glo (34.6 t/ha), domestic plum Big Stanley (32.4 t/ha) and August Delight (29.0 t/ha), it was lower in the Blue Moon variety (24.7 t/ha). The introduced varieties Big Stanley, Blue Moon, Dark Sunlight have high taste qualities of fruits, confirmed by the sugar-acid index – 14.1-14.9. New introduced varieties Crimson Glo, Dark Sunlight, Blue Moon and Big Stanley, recommended for creating modern plum plantations and breeding for individual traits, have been identified based on a set of economically valuable traits.
Genetic control of plant height in corn lines in diallel crosses
Authors: Zhuzhukin Valery Ivanovich , Gudova Lyudmila Aleksandrovna , Sugrobov Alexander Fedorovich , Serebryakova Marina Sergeevna
Published: December 2023

The article presents the results of a study of corn hybrids cultivated in diallelic crosses (p(p+1)/2) according to the trait “plant height”. The experiment included 11 self-pollinated lines (method 2, model 1) and 55 hybrids. As a result of the research, the height of plants in parental lines and F1 hybrids was determined (a total of 3960 measurements were made), the effects of TCA and SCA dispersion, the level of heterosis were calculated, and the genetic components that control the manifestations of the studied trait were determined. The highest plant heights were in the lines SPK 13, SPK 14, SPK 17, SPK 21. Relatively high group average values of plant heights of hybrids were found with the lines SPK 14, SPK 18, SPK 17, SPK 16. A high effect of TCA and a high dispersion of SCA were determined in the line SPK 14. High effects of SCA were detected in combinations with the lines SPK 14, SPK 12, SPK 16. True heterosis of more than 20% was determined in 45 hybrids in 2017 and in 9 hybrids in 2018. Adequacy of the additive-dominant model in 2017. obtained by excluding the lines SPK 13, SPK 14, SPK 15, SPK 17 from the calculations. In 2018, the non-allelic effect of genes was not determined. The experiment established that control of plant height in the model population was carried out by at least 5 genes or groups of genes in 2017 and 9 genes in 2018.
The Paleoanthropological Materials from the Tomb at the Aisleless Church in the “Cave Town” atop of the Plateau of Eski-Kermen
Authors: Radochin Vladimir
Published: December 2023

This article discusses the paleoanthropological materials uncovered by systematic archaeological researches conducted at the ancient town of Eski-Kermen. The excavations uncovered tomb no. 7 in the aisleless church located in residential quarter 2. This church dates from the tenth to thirteenth centuries. The tomb in question, dating from the twelfth to thirteenth century, is located in the north-eastern corner of the narthex, at the depth of 1.8 m down from the rock surface of the floor. It has oval ground-plan, flat floor and ceiling, being cut in the bedrock. There is an arcosolium constructed above the tomb. The bones extracted from the tomb in question corresponded to 57 individuals, with 14 reliably interpreted as males, 11 as females, and three with sex unattributable. Almost a half of the persons (50.8%) buried in the tomb were children. The age of the buried males was 25–50 (average 34.2), of the females 17–43 (average 29). The age of buried children was from one month to 10 years. The research allowed some craniometrics and osteometric measurements. From the analysis of pathological conditions, one tends to assume that the persons buried in the tomb under study probably formed a privileged group that did not experienced extreme stress pressure. Generally, the documented changes in osseous apparatus possibly were typical for mediaeval urban population.
Συναγωγή τῶν Ιουδαίων καὶ θεοσεβῶν (The Community of Jews and God-Fearing) in Pantikapaion-Bosporos
Authors: Aybabin Aleksandr
Published: December 2023

The earliest account of the Judaic community and prayer room in the city of Pantikapaion appears in six manumission inscriptions dated from 57 to the second century AD. These manumissions are standard legal acts certifying the release of pagan slaves from slavery in a prayer house (προσευχή) in Pantikapaion. According to the release conditions described, the said manumissions comprise of two groups. Simultaneous Judaic Bosporan manumissions from Pantikapaion refer to two Judaic communities: the inscriptions of the first group (CIB, nos. 70, 72, 73) state that the slaves were freed into the protectorate of the Judaic community, though according to the inscriptions of the second group (CIB, no. 71, and from Bosphorskii Lane), into the protectorate of the community of the Jews and the God-fearing (θεοσεβεῖς). Plausibly the members of the Judaic community and the “God-fearing” pagans who also entered it inhabited the coastal area of the city, the fishermen’s quarter in particular, from the mid-first century on. There are amphorae and a lamp showing menorah uncovered in the said quarter, which belonged to these Jews. There probably was also a communal prayer house. Some information about the structure and organisation of a Bosporan synagogue appears in the texts of Greek-language epitaphs of men discovered in 2020 near Pavlovskii cape, in a dacha settlement in the vicinity of Kerch, at the third- and fourth-century Jewish cemetery which is known from 1867. These inscriptions mention a rabbi and archsinagogos, or the spiritual leader of the community, and two presbyters, or the elders.
Data Report: Magnetic susceptibility measurements on Dababiya core
Authors: Cramer Benjamin S.
Published: December 2023

I report magnetic susceptibility point measurements on the lower Maastrichtian–lowermost Eocene section retrieved in a core taken near the GSSP for the Paleocene/Eocene boundary in the Dababiya Quarry (Upper Nile Valley, Egypt). This record of magnetic susceptibility supplements the visual core descriptions, with lower values corresponding to more calcareous intervals. Preliminary investigation suggests that cyclicity apparent in the magnetic susceptibility record is consistent with a response to variations in Earth’s orbital eccentricity. This interpretation is consistent with biostratigraphy and would imply sedimentation rates varying in the range 6–11m/Myr, with lower sedimentation rates associated with intervals of low susceptibility/high carbonate.
The discussion on today’s museum
Authors: Gómez Ariadna Ruiz
Published: December 2023

This article aims to address the current situation of museums, focusing specifically on how they perceive themselves, which is closely related to the very definition of museum. In this sense, it has been observed that museology has experienced difficulties in carrying out this redefinition. This has led to protracted efforts to conceptualise and adopt the term in the global context of ICOM. This analysis has taken us from the failed proposal of 2019 to the latest one, approved in August 2022. This highlights the close relationship between the terminology used and very relevant modern concepts, such as sustainability, social inclusion, community, among others. These concerns are clearly reflected in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Not Limited or Defined but Constructed and Internalized
Authors: Ramin Zohreh , Dadafarid Reza
Published: December 2023

Donald Barthelme’s short fiction is marked by a dashing concentration on everyday life, construction of meaning, and plurality of reality in addition to his playful, metafictional, and fragmentary style. Although a fertile ground for exploring sociopolitical matters, particularly in the mid and late 20th century America, the review of studies on Barthelme’s works highlights a lacuna in the application of conceivably pertinent sociological and political theories on Barthelme’s short stories. Accordingly, Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann’s The Social Construction of Reality (1966) could be a congruous theory with Barthelme’s sociological concerns in his short fiction. In their treatise, Berger and Luckmann see reality as a kind of “collective fiction” that is constructed by the processes of institutionalization, socialization, and everyday social interaction, particularly through language. In this article, we read “The Balloon” and “I Bought a Little City,” which are selected thematically, in light of “society as objective reality” through the concepts of objectivation, institutionalization, and legitimation. Linking literature and sociology, we aim to pinpoint how the stories observe, unveil, and potentially critique construction of meaning and the real workings of the processes in the social construction of reality.
Dynamic Interaction between LULUCF and Health Spending: Evidence from OECD Countries
Authors: KARACAN Rıdvan , CENGİZ Vedat , KILIÇKAN Zişan
Published: December 2023

One of the most important discoveries in human history is fossil fuels and their utilization. Energy sources such as oil, natural gas, and coal are defined as fossil fuels. The devastating destruction of fossil fuels, especially for
human health and the environment, has become remarkable in recent years. Every year, thousands of people suffer from diseases related to air pollution, and their treatment is expensive and long-term. This situation leads to difficult
and time-consuming health problems as well as increased health expenditures. In this study, it is emphasized that both cheap and natural methods should be used and made widespread in the fight against harmful gases. An example
of this struggle is the "Land Use, Land Use Change, and Forestry" activities called LULUCF. Although previous studies have enriched our understanding of LULUCF, no study has directly examined the relationship between LULUCF and
emissions and health expenditures. To overcome this shortcoming, this paper establishes a comprehensive analytical framework to systematically estimate the decoupling between the variables. Using an ARDL bounds testing model estimated
for the period 1990–2022, this paper aims to examine the impact of emissions including LULUCF and emissions excluding LULUCF on health expenditure for OECD countries. The empirical evidence shows that emissions have a significant
and positive impact on health expenditures in both cases. However, with the exception of LULUCF, the impact of emissions on health expenditures is larger. This result may be an alternative option for policymakers to combat health
problems and spend on environmental impacts.
The Use of Some Bedi' Arts in the Quran
Authors: TİLKİTAŞ Sadullah
Published: December 2023

Bu makele, bedî‘ sanatlarının ayetlerdeki kullanımlarını göstermek amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Sözün açık, net ve anlaşılır olmasına belâgat denilmiştir. Câhiliye döneminde Araplar, dilleri ve kabile içinden çıkardıkları şairleri ile
övünmüşler ve birbirlerine karşı üstünlük aracı saydıkları belâgata (şiire) çok önem vermişlerdir. Şeref ve itibar kaynağı olan şairler adeta toplumun gizli kahramanları sayılmış, halkı savaş ve barışa yönlendirmede büyük etkileri
olmuştur. Bu dönemde, şairlik becerilerinin sergilendiği yarışmalar düzenlenmiş ve dereceye giren şiirler Kâbe’nin duvarına asılarak ödüllendirilmiştir. Kur’an ise, belâgatın zirvede olduğu bu çağda inmiş ve eşsiz belâgatıyla adeta
çağlara meydan okumuştur. Bu eşsiz belâgat karşısında şairler hayranlıklarını gizleyememişlerdir. İslam’ın gelmesi ile birlikte âlimler Kur’an’ın îcâzını daha iyi anlayabilmek için belâgata yönelmişler ve Kur’an’da var olan sanatları
ortaya koymaya çalışmışlardır. Bu çalışma ile Kur’an-ı Kerîm’in inceliklerinin daha iyi kavranabilmesi için onda var olan bazı bedî‘ sanatların tanıtılması ve Kur’an’ın eşsiz belâgatının ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmamız
neticesinde birçok bedî‘ sanatı tespit edilmiş ve bir kısmına bu çalışmada yer verilmiştir. Bunlardan bazısı lafzî bazısı da manevî sanatlardır. Bu çalışmada Meânî ve beyân alanlarına giren sanatlara ise değinilmemiştir.
Turkish State Tradition According to İdris-i Bitlisi (In the Context of Heşt Behisht-1)
Authors: ATİK Kayhan
Published: December 2023

İdris-i Bitlisi XV. yüzyılın ortalarında Bitlis bölgesinde doğduğu bilinmektedir. Babası Hüsameddin Ali bölgenin âlim ve şeyhleri arasında yer almaktadır. Hüsameddin Ali Diyarbekir’de Akkoyunlu Hükümdarı Uzun Hasan’ın sarayında münşîlik
görevinde bulunmuş ve daha sonra Akkoyunlu Devleti’nin merkezi Tebriz’e taşınınca oraya gitmiştir. Babasıyla birlikte Diyarbekir ve Tebriz’de bulunmuş, akli ve dini ilimleri burada tahsil etmiştir. İdris-i Bitlisi’nin dönemin Akkoyunlu
hükümdarı Yakub Bey zamanında Akkoyunlu sarayında münşilik yaptığı ve sultanın çocuklarına lalalık görevinde bulunduğu bilinmektedir. Safevilerin Akkoyunlu Devletinin varlığını ortadan kaldırdığı süreye kadar İdris-i Bitlisi burada
yaşamıştır ve daha sonra Akkoyunlu Devleti yıkılınca Bitlisi, Osmanlı Devletine sığınmak durumunda kalmıştır. İdris-i Bitlisi daha önceki eserlerinden dolayı takdir edilmişti ve bu durum Osmanlı sarayında da devam etmiş, itibar
sahibi olarak yüksek maaşa bağlanmıştır. İdris-i Bitlisi, II. Bayezid’in isteği üzerine Heşt Bihişt adıyla Osmanlı tarihi kaleme aldı ve eser sultana sunulunca 50.000 akçe nakit ödül aldı. İdris-i Bitlisi Hicaz’dan İstanbul’a döndükten
sonra Yavuz Sultan Selim’in hizmetine girdi ve 1514 yılında vuku bulan Çaldıran Savaşında yer aldı. Zafer elde edildikten kısa bir süre sonra Tebriz’e gitti. Orada bir süre kalarak halka vaaz verdi ve Osmanlı idaresine karşı halka
sempati kazandırmaya çalıştı. İdris-i Bitlisi askeri yönden birçok zafere imza attı. Safevi kuşatması altındaki Diyarbekir şehrinin kurtarılmasında büyük katkısı bulunmakla birlikte Mardin şehrini de sınırlar içine dâhil etti.
Ayrıca bölgedeki aşiret beyleriyle temas kurarak Urmiye, İtâk, İmadiye, Cizre, Eğil, Bitlis, Hizan gibi birçok şehri savaşmadan Osmanlı Devleti sınırlarına dâhil etmeyi başardı. İdris-i Bitlisi Mercidâbık ve Ridâniye savaşlarında
aktif rol aldı. İdris-i Bitlisi ömrünün son yıllarında İstanbul’a geldi ve burada ilmî çalışmalar ile meşgul oldu. Ayrıca tahta çıkan Kanûnî Sultan Süleyman’a şark seferi hususunda tavsiyeler vermeyi de ihmal etmedi. Bitlisi altmış
beş, yetmiş yaşlarında iken vefat etti (1520). İdris-i Bitlisi’nin tarih yazıcılığı dışında devlet felsefesi, siyaset adabı, inşa geleneği, hükümdar-yönetim fikri ve algısı gibi kökleri Osmanlı-İran medeniyetlerinin arasında taşıyıcı
bir köprü niteliği de bulunmaktadır. Bitlisi’nin ifade edilen bu durumu 13. ve 15. yüzyıllar arasında yaşamış Tûsî ve Devvânî gibi filozof ve mutasavvıfların izinden gitmesiyle açıklanabilir. Birkaç devlette görev yapmış, bu kadar
tecrübeli bir şahsiyetin Osmanlı devlet geleneği hakkındaki düşüncelerini Heşt Bihişt bağlamında incelemeye çalıştık.
قيم الأخلاق الشخصية في القرآن
Authors: ALDYAB Ahmed
Published: December 2023

Şüphesiz Kuran, Müslümanların kişisel yaşamlarında, ailelerinde ve toplumlarında istifade edecekleri hazineler içermektedir. Bir Müslüman da buna sarılır ise, hayatta çok hayırlar elde eder. Kur’an, Müslümanları bir şeyi yapmaktan
men ettiğinde, bu onun menfaati ve iyiliği içindir. Ve ona bir şey yapmasını emrettiğinde, bu ona mutlaka fayda ve yarar sağlayacaktır. Kur’an-ı Kerim, işaret ettiği bazı değerleri teşvik etmektedir. Değerler konusu, Yunan filozofları
ile başlayan eski bir konudur. Yunan filozofları değerler konusunu maddi fayda açısından kullanmışlardır, ancak insan sadece bir madde değil aynı zamanda beslenmeye ihtiyaç duyan bir ruh olduğu için Kuran’ın ahlaki anlamda değerleri
kullandığını fark ederiz ve böylelikle biz Kur’an’ın maddiyattan çok maneviyata önem verdiğinin farkına varırız. Kuran’da birçok ahlaki değer vardır, bu yüzden Kuran’ın çok vurguladığı aile değerlerinin farkına varıyoruz bunun
sebebi ise İslam’ın ve Kur’an’ın amacının toplumda iyi ve bütünleşmiş bir aile oluşturmak olmasıdır. Aile birbirine bağlı ve güçlü olduğunda, toplum da aynı şekilde güçlü ve birbirine bağlı olur ve böylece bireyi ilgilendiren kişisel
değerleri de görebiliriz. Bu kişisel değerler Kuran’da çoktur ve Kuran bu değerlere maddi ve manevi açıdan dikkat çekmiştir, bunun sebebi, İslam’ın insanın hayatında fayda sağlayan maddi şeylere bakan bütünleşmiş bir din olmasıdır.
Kur’an, hayata ve insana dünya ve ahiret saadeti getiren ahlaki şeylere bakar. Bu araştırma, Kuran’da geçen kişisel ahlaki değerler konusunu ve bunların iyi bir aile, ardından da sağlıklı ve güçlü bir toplum inşa etmedeki önemini
ele almaktadır.
Gestalt Theory and the Bauhaus School: Reshaping Modern Art
Authors: IŞIK Mustafa
Published: December 2023

Bauhaus Okulu’nun eğitim yaklaşımıyla Gestalt psikolojisinin entegrasyonu, modern sanat ve tasarım eğitiminde önemli bir yenilik başlatmıştır. Bu bütünleşme, sanat ve tasarım öğrencilerine görsel bilgileri daha derinlemesine işleme
ve anlamlandırma yetisi kazandırarak, eğitimde yeni bir bakış açısı getirmiştir. Gestalt teorisinin bütüncül algılama ilkeleri ve Bauhaus'un disiplinler arası, yenilikçi yaklaşımı, sanat ve tasarımın toplumsal ve kültürel bağlamlarda
nasıl algılandığını ve değerlendirildiğini yeniden şekillendirmiştir. Bu birleşme, sanat ve tasarımı sadece estetik açıdan değil, aynı zamanda işlevsellik boyutlarıyla da ele almayı teşvik etmiştir. Bu iki yaklaşımın kesişimi,
modern sanatın gelişiminde bir dönüm noktası olarak görülür ve bugünün sanat tasarım uygulamalarının temel taşlarından biri olmaya devam etmektedir.
Examination of Computer Technologies Department Students' Attitudes Towards Computer Programming
Authors: Kübra PULLU Emine , GÖMLEKSİZ Mehmet Nuri
Published: December 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı bilgisayar teknolojileri bölümü öğrencilerinin bilgisayar programlamaya yönelik tutumlarının çeşitli değişkenler açısından belirlenmesidir. Tarama modelindeki araştırmanın çalışma grubu kolay ulaşılabilir durum
örneklemesine göre belirlenmiştir. Çalışma grubunda 2017-2018 eğitim-öğretim yılında Erciyes Üniversitesi Develi Meslek Yüksekokulu Bilgisayar Teknolojileri bölümünde öğrenim gören 2.sınıf öğrencileri yer almaktadır. Araştırmada
veri toplama aracı olarak Başer (2013) tarafından geliştirilen “Bilgisayar Programlamaya Karşı Tutum Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. 5’li likert tipinde 38 maddeden ve 4 alt faktörden oluşan ölçeğin güvenirlik katsayısı 0.953 şeklindedir.
Verilerin analizinde ilk olarak verilerin normallik durumunu belirlemek için Kolmogorov-Smirnov testi uygulanmıştır. Sonrasında ise öğrencilerin bilgisayar programlamaya yönelik tutumlarında cinsiyet, mezun olunan lise türü ve
program değişkenleri açısından anlamlı farklılık olup olmadığına ilişkin istatistiksel analizler yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda öğrencilerin bilgisayar programlamaya yönelik yüksek tutum düzeyine sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir.
Kadın öğrencilerin erkek öğrencilere göre programlamada başarıya karşı daha yüksek tutum düzeyine ve başarının sosyal algısına sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir. Aynı şekilde meslek lisesinden mezun olan öğrencilerin programlamada
başarıya karşı daha yüksek tutum düzeyine ve başarının sosyal algısına sahip oldukları ortaya çıkmıştır.