bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Profile of the appendectomies performed in the Brazilian Public Health System
Authors: SANTOS FERNANDA DOS , CAVASANA GABRIEL FLAMARIM , CAMPOS TERCIO DE
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the profile of appendectomies performed in the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS) and to compare the laparoscopic and laparotomic techniques of appendectomy. Methods: This work used information from DataSus from 2008 to 2014 (http://datasus.saude.gov.br). We compared the data of patients submitted to laparotomic appendectomy with those submitted to laparoscopic one. Results: when comparing the total growth of appendectomies, the laparoscopic route increased 279.7%, while the increase in laparotomic surgery was 25% (p <0.001) in the study period. With regard to medical and hospital costs, laparoscopic appendectomy accounted for only 2.6% of the total expenditure on appendectomies performed by the Unified Health System (SUS) hospitals, with an average cost 7.6% lower than that of laparotomy procedures, but without statistical significance. The mortality rate was 57.1% lower in the laparoscopic approach when compared with laparotomy. Conclusion: there has been a significant increase in the laparoscopic route in the treatment of appendicitis, but the method is still rarely used in SUS patients. The costs of laparoscopic appendectomy were similar to those observed in laparotomic access.
Bone grafting for alveolar ridge reconstruction. Review of 166 cases.
Authors: SALMEN FUED SAMIR , OLIVEIRA MARINA REIS , GABRIELLI MARISA APARECIDA CABRINI , PIVETA ANA CLÁUDIA GABRIELLI , PEREIRA FILHO VALFRIDO ANTONIO , GABRIELLI MARIO FRANCISCO REAL
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate the predictive factors of failure in bone grafts for alveolar ridge augmentation and implant surgery. Methods: we reviewed the charts of 166 patients operated between 1995 and 2014. A total of 248 grafting procedures were performed. We submitted the data to the binomial test at 5% significance. Results: grafts to gain width of the alveolar ridge (65.32%) were more frequent than sinus lifting (p<0.0001) and the number of grafts to the posterior maxilla (48.8%) was greater than in other regions (p<0.01); 6.04% of the grafts were lost. The losses in anterior (p<0.0309) and posterior (p<0.0132) maxilla were higher than in the mandible. There were 269 implants installed in the grafted areas, of which only 4.83% were lost. The number of implants lost (4.51%) in areas of onlay grafts was not statistically higher than those placed after sinus lifting (2.63%, p<0.2424). Losses were greater in the anterior (53.85%) and posterior (38.46%) maxilla than in the mandible (p<0.031). Regarding patients' age, 76.92% of the lost grafts (p<0.006) and 80% of the lost implants (p<0.001) were installed in patients over 40 years. Conclusion: failure rate was higher both for grafts and dental implants in the maxilla and in patients over 40 years of age.
DIFFERENT PROTOCOLS OF POSTCONDITIONING DOES NOT ATTENUATE MESENTERIC ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY AFTER SHORT-TERM REPERFUSION
Authors: BRITO Marcus Vinicius Henriques , YASOJIMA Edson Yuzur , MACHADO Andressa Abnader , SILVEIRA Matheus Paiva Pacheco Reis , TEIXEIRA Renan Kleber Costa , YAMAKI Vitor Nagai , COSTA Felipe Lobato da Silva
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT Background: Mesenteric ischemia is a challenging diagnosis. Delay in diagnosis can lead to extent bowel necrosis and poor outcomes. Ischemia and reperfusion syndrome plays an important role in this scenario. Aim: To access effects of different post-conditioning cycles on mesenteric ischemia-reperfusion syndrome. Method: Twenty-five rats were assigned into five groups: Sham, used to establish normal parameters; control group, submitted to mesenteric ischemia for 30 min; in groups GP3, GP1 and GP30, ischemia was followed by post-conditioning protocol, which consisted of 1 cycle of 3 min (GP3), 3 cycles of 1 min (GP1) or 6 cycles of 30 s (GP30), respectively. Ileum samples were harvested after one hour of reperfusion. Intestinal mucosal injury was evaluated through histopathological analysis. Results: The average of mesenteric injury degree was 0 in the sham group, 3.6 in the control group, 3.4 in GP3, 3.2 in GP1, and 3.0 in GP30; villous length average was 161.59 in sham group, 136.27 in control group, 135.89 in GP3, 129.46 in GP1, and 135.18 in GP30. Was found significant difference between sham and other groups (p<0.05); however, there was no difference among post-conditioning groups. Conclusion: Post-conditioning adopted protocols were not able to protect intestinal mucosa integrity after mesenteric ischemia and short term reperfusion.
EFEITO AGUDO DO VOLUME DE ALONGAMENTO ESTÁTICO NO DESEMPENHO NEUROMUSCULAR DE JOVENS E IDOSAS
Authors: Batista Laísla da Silva Paixão , Dias Matheus da Silva , Costa Sebastião da Silva , Oliveira Sandra Leite de , Victor Narcélio Pinheiro , Gurjão André Luiz Demantova
Published: April 2017

RESUMO Introdução: Os exercícios prévios de alongamento estático (AE) podem promover decréscimo transitório da força muscular. Características dos protocolos de AE e da amostra estudada podem interferir no desempenho neuromuscular subsequente às rotinas de alongamento. Objetivo: Investigar o efeito agudo de dois diferentes volumes de AE sobre o sistema neuromuscular de mulheres jovens e idosas durante a execução do leg press horizontal. Métodos: Vinte e quatro mulheres (12 jovens e 12 idosas), aparentemente saudáveis, compareceram ao local de realização do experimento em seis ocasiões distintas. Nas três primeiras visitas realizaram-se coleta dos dados pessoais, de dados antropométricos, familiarização com o protocolo de AE e registro de esforço isométrico no leg press horizontal. Nas três últimas visitas, foram realizados registros da curva força-tempo isométrica e atividade eletromiográfica (EMG) dos músculos vasto medial e vasto lateral após realização de uma de três condições experimentais: controle (sem alongamento), alongamento com volume total de 60 segundos e 120 segundos. A ordem das condições experimentais foi aleatorizada. O protocolo de AE envolveu três exercícios executados em duas séries de 30 segundos (AE60) ou em quatro séries de 30 segundos (AE120). O teste ANOVA two-way foi utilizado para análises dos dados. Resultados: Nenhuma das rotinas de AE acarretou alteração de taxa de desenvolvimento de força (TDF), contração voluntária máxima e atividade EMG nas mulheres jovens e idosas. Conclusões: Diferentes volumes de AE, em conformidade com recomendações atuais, não influenciaram o desempenho neuromuscular de mulheres jovens e idosas no exercício leg press horizontal.
ABSORPTIVE CAPACITY: AN ANALYSIS IN THE CONTEXT OF BRAZILIAN FAMILY FIRMS
Authors: FERREIRA GLORIA CHARÃO , FERREIRA JOÃO JOSÉ MATOS
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the capacity of family firms to absorb relevant information from their surrounding environments, and incorporate it in their innovative activities. The study also seeks to improve our understanding if, and in what ways, the generational diversity in firm's management is an important resource. Originality/gap/relevance/implications: In spite of the relevance of this matter, few scholars have explored the relationship between absorptive capacity (Acap) and family firms. On the other hand, the economic importance of these firms is reported, for example, in Leone (2005) and Machado, Grzybovski, Teixeira and Silva (2013), authors reporting that approximately 90% of Brazilian firms are controlled by families, being the fastest-growing business segment. Key methodological aspects: The sample consists of 241 family firms. The SmartPLS software is used for structural equation modeling. Summary of key results: The results show that Acap is an important predictor for the innovation performance of family firms. Contrary to expectation, the involvement of several generations in the management of the family firms is not a significant moderator between ACAP and innovation performance. Key considerations/conclusions: This study fills an important gap in the research on family firms, once, by taking into consideration the generational diversity in the management of these firms, its results deepen our understanding of the essential features of a family business, and analyze the innovation in an intergenerational perspective.
THE MULTIPLICITY OF FACETS OF CONTEMPORARY FEMININITY IN HIGH FASHION BLOGS
Authors: MESQUITA RAFAEL FERNANDES DE , MATOS FÁTIMA REGINA NEY , SENA AUGUSTO MARCOS CARVALHO DE , LEITE KÁTIA CRISTINA TOFOLI
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT Purpose: Analyze the makeup of contemporary femininities through in-depth research into how a group of assiduous readers of high fashion blogs produces meanings about themselves and the social relationships in which they are involved. Originality/gap/relevance/implications: The study advances in the understanding of how social relationships are complex complexions and blogs, tools of virtual publication of the content of daily activities of their idealizers, in new spaces influencing the construction of the subjectivity of individuals or even understanding them as contemporary forms of organization. Key methodological aspects: Qualitative study with data collected from virtual observation techniques and semi-structured interviews. Summary of key results: The high-fashion blog as a business organization with a profile of readers presenting common interests and characteristics, in addition to the emergence of femininity as a multifaceted complex of characteristics both near as distant from the old public roles played by women. Key considerations/conclusions: The conception of the blog conjectures as a digital locus where social interactions and market relations are possible. The study also allowed bringing the debate of postmodern feminist approaches to the field of organizational studies, reaffirming the intermittent character of the subjective constitution of the feminine gender in the contemporary emancipatory perspective.
A populational based study on the prevalence of neonatal near miss in a city located in the South of Brazil: prevalence and associated factors
Authors: Silva Guilherme Alberto , Rosa Karin Alana , Saguier Elizabeth Schirin Farahani , Henning Elisa , Mucha Fatima , Franco Selma Cristina
Published: April 2017

Abstract Objectives: to identify the prevalence of neonatal near miss morbidity in the city of Joinville, SC and the associated factors. Methods: a populational based cross-sectional study including all live births in 2012 registered at SINASC. The near miss cases were identified based on the weight <1500g, Apgar scores at 5th minute <7, gestational age <32 weeks, use of mechanical ventilation or presence of congenital malformation. The gross odds ratios (OR) and its respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated and the logistic regression was performed to obtain the adjusted odds ratios and its respective 95% CI. Results: the prevalence of near miss was 33 per thousand live births (95% CI: 29-37). In the final model, a risk classification of live births according to the City Program (Programa Municipal) (ORaj= 19.7; 95% CI: 14.2 to 27.2), cesarean section (ORaj= 2.1; 95% CI:1.5 to 2.8) and public hospital (ORaj= 1.7; 95% CI: 1.2 to 2.3) remained associated to morbidity near miss. Conclusions: near miss morbidity was 7.3 times higher than neonatal mortality. To know its determinants in different national contexts may include some changes in the focus of public health actions by redirecting to preventive interventions.
Extraction/exportation of macronutrients by cladodes of ‘Gigante’ cactus pear under different spacings and organic fertilization
Authors: Donato Paulo E. R. , Donato Sérgio L. R. , Silva João A. , Pires Aureliano J. V. , Silva Junior Ancilon A. e
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the extraction/exportation of macronutrients by cladodes of ‘Gigante’ cactos pear, grown under diferente spacings and doses of cattle manure applied to the soil 600 days after planting. Twelve treatments were used, three spacing (1.00 x 0.50; 2.00 x 0.25 and 3.00 x 1.00 x 0.25 m) and four doses of cattle manure (0, 30, 60 and 90 Mg ha-1 year-1), arranged in a 3 x 4 factorial scheme in randomized blocks, with three replicates. The extraction/exportation of N, P, K, S, Ca and Mg was determined, whose respective values for maximum dry matter production (21.8 Mg ha-1), with a cattle manure dose of 71.8 Mg ha-1 year-1 were: 287.9, 46.2, 924.2, 40.7, 609.7 and 249.1 kg ha-1, 600 days after planting. The amounts extracted/exported from N, P, K and Ca varied independently with spacings and manure doses, while Mg and S were dependent on the interaction between factors. The doses of manure are insufficient to meet the demand of extracted/exported K, Ca and Mg. The increments in the doses promote greater nutrient uptake by the plant. The extracted/exported macronutrients in largest amounts are: K, Ca, N, Mg, P and S, in this order.
Performance of irrigated green corn cultivars in different plant populations at sowing
Authors: Soares Neto José C. , Santos Neto Antônio L. dos , Santos Wellington M. dos , Barros Daline T. S. , Souza Ademária A. de , Albuquerque Neto João C. de
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the yield of green corn hybrids grown under irrigation in different plant populations at sowing. The assay was carried out in the experimental area located in the city of Arapiraca, Alagoas State, Brazil, from November 2015 to January 2016. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used, in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme with four replicates. A double- and a single-cross hybrid (AG 1051 and BM 3061), which are suitable for green corn production, were cultivated in five spacings between plants at sowing (15.0, 17.5, 20.0, 22.5 and 25.0 cm). The characteristics photosynthetic rate (PR), ear length with rusk (HEL) and without husk (UEL), husked ear weight (HEW), unhusked ear weight (UEW), percentage of marketable ears (%ME) and weight of husk (HW) were evaluated. The double- and single-cross hybrids AG 1051 and BM 3061 showed green ears with commercial standard. The cultivar BM 3061 showed the best results for most of the characteristics related to the performance of green corn (PR, HEL, UEL, UEW, HEW, %ME). The spacing of 17.5 cm between plants at sowing was the most indicated for irrigated green corn cultivation.
Educação e violência: uma reflexão a partir da ontologia do ser social
Authors: Souza Júnior Hormindo Pereira de , Bitencourt Celeste Deográcias de Souza , Triginelli Daniel Handan
Published: April 2017

Resumo A partir da leitura imanente de textos que compõem o aparato teórico da produção intelectual dos filósofos Marx, Lukács e Mészáros, em particular na perspectiva desse último, devido à sua atualidade, este artigo se propõe a contribuir com o debate em torno da educação e da violência, que é possibilitada e praticada pelas bases que estruturam a lógica da propriedade privada na sociedade de classes. Nos textos analisados, esses filósofos, e em particular Mészáros, explicitam a essência da violência no sistema do capital e a incidência dessa nos demais complexos sociais, como a educação, ao mesmo tempo em que apontam para as condições necessárias à superação da ordem produtora de violência rumo à emancipação humana. A leitura imanente dos textos matrizados por uma ontologia do ser social possibilita uma análise profícua do complexo social da violência que envolve a dimensão da política e da educação.
Pedagogía ambiental y didáctica ambiental: tendencias en la educación superior
Authors: TOVAR-GÁLVEZ JULIO CÉSAR
Published: April 2017

RESUMEN El artículo aborda el problema del currículo de educación ambiental en la educación superior, para lo que se centra en los conceptos pedagogía ambiental y didáctica ambiental. La metodología consiste en realizar un estado del arte para identificar las tendencias existentes sobre pedagogía ambiental y didáctica ambiental, para desde allí diseñar una encuesta que es dirigida a profesores y estudiantes de programas con formación en lo ambiental, de algunas universidades en Bogotá, con el objetivo de identificar sus opiniones como expertos en lo ambiental. Los resultados muestran un especial énfasis en las tendencias sobre la complejidad, pero así mismo plantean la posibilidad de múltiples modelos según los contextos y necesidades.
Risk factors associated with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Espírito Santo, Brazil
Authors: Fregona Geisa , Cosme Lorrayne Belique , Moreira Cláudia Maria Marques , Bussular José Luis , Dettoni Valdério do Valle , Dalcolmo Margareth Pretti , Zandonade Eliana , Maciel Ethel Leonor Noia
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Espírito Santo, Brazil. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study of cases of tuberculosis tested for first-line drugs (isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, and streptomycin) in Espírito Santo between 2002 and 2012. We have used laboratory data and registration of cases of tuberculosis – from the Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação and Sistema para Tratamentos Especiais de Tuberculose. Individuals have been classified as resistant and non-resistant and compared in relation to the sociodemographic, clinical, and epidemiological variables. Some variables have been included in a logistic regression model to establish the factors associated with resistance. RESULTS In the study period, 1,669 individuals underwent anti-tuberculosis drug susceptibility testing. Of these individuals, 10.6% showed resistance to any anti-tuberculosis drug. The rate of multidrug resistance observed, that is, to rifampicin and isoniazid, has been 5%. After multiple analysis, we have identified as independent factors associated with resistant tuberculosis: history of previous treatment of tuberculosis [recurrence (OR = 7.72; 95%CI 4.24–14.05) and re-entry after abandonment (OR = 3.91; 95%CI 1.81–8.43)], smoking (OR = 3.93; 95%CI 1.98–7.79), and positive culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis at the time of notification of the case (OR = 3.22; 95%CI 1.15–8.99). CONCLUSIONS The partnership between tuberculosis control programs and health teams working in the network of Primary Health Care needs to be strengthened. This would allow the identification and monitoring of individuals with a history of previous treatment of tuberculosis and smoking. Moreover, the expansion of the offer of the culture of tuberculosis and anti-tuberculosis drug susceptibility testing would provide greater diagnostic capacity for the resistant types in Espírito Santo.
Análisis de las prácticas de entrevistas forenses durante la etapa de investigación por denuncias de delitos sexuales en contra de niños, niñas y adolescentes/ Analysis of the practices in forensic interviews during the investigation phase of allegationso
Authors: Gutiérrez de Piñeres Botero Carolina
Published: April 2017

En este estudio se realizó un análisis de contenido tipo categorial a 81 entrevistas realizadas por la policía judicial durante la etapa de investigación en denuncias por delitos sexuales, siendo las presuntas víctimas niños, niñas y adolescentes. Se analizó el uso de protocolos, la profesión de las personas encargadas de realizar las entrevistas, los estilos para iniciar las entrevistas, las estrategiaspara construir rapport, las estrategias para evaluar las competencias de los entrevistados como testigos y las estrategias para evaluar la sugestionabilidad. Se observa que en las prácticas de las entrevistas no se cumplen los procedimientos sugeridos en las distintas guías y protocolos y, por tanto, se comenten los errores que se intentan subsanar con el uso de dichas guías y protocolos.
Sensibilidad ciudadana: sentidos y prácticas en jóvenes universitarios
Authors: Arias Cardona Ana María , Mazo Peña Jeisy Andrea
Published: April 2017

Este artículo realza la pregunta por la sensibilidad ciudadana, Con el objetivo de comprender esta sensibilidad ciudadana en jóvenes universitarios ,se llevó a cabo un diseño mixto de investigación, con un método de estudio de caso y tres técnicas de construcción de datos: cuestionario, grupo focal y foto lenguaje. Se hallaron diferentes resultados, en los que prevalece la voz de los jóvenes enrelación con tres categorías: el equilibrio entre deberes y responsabilidades, el respeto a la diferencia y las relaciones de inclusión. Respecto a la primera categoría, los participantes, pese a expresar reflexiones conscientes sobre la importancia de las normas, respuesta dada por el 58.46% de ellos suelen priorizar sus derechos y desdibujar sus responsabilidades. Sobre la segunda y la terceracategoría (el respeto a la diferencia y las relaciones de inclusión), llama la atención el positivo significado que les asignan y la intención de valorarlo, aspectos que refieren el 45.69% y el 53.85% de los jóvenes, respectivamente. Asunto que no necesariamente coincide con sus prácticas en el día a día, donde se han naturalizado acciones de discriminación y exclusión.
Chronic constipation in the practice of a therapist: Features of therapy for comorbidity
Authors: Svistunov A A , Osadchuk M A , Butorova L I , Tokmulina G M
Published: April 2017

Aim. To evaluate the clinical efficacy of laxatives with different pharmacological effects in the combination therapy in patients with chronic constipation (CC) concurrent with obesity, hypertensive disease, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Subjects and methods. A total of 110 people (45 men, 65 women) aged 45 to 72 years with CC in the presence of concomitant diseases: grade 1 or 2 hypertensive disease + obesity + type 2 DM. The investigators determined the severity of abdominal pain syndrome and flatulence, by indicating the mean frequency of defecations per week and fecal consistency according to the Bristol stool scale; anthropometric parameters; serum biochemistry tests; and serum lipoprotein phenotyping. Quality of life was assessed by the SF-36 questionnaire. The patients were divided into 3 groups according their use of agents: 1) dietary fiber (psyllium); 2) osmotic laxatives (disaccharides); 3) osmotic laxatives (polyethylene glycol). Results. The patients taking psyllium to treat constipation showed an increasing frequency of defecations and normalization of stool consistency. Incorporating psyllium into combination therapy was accompanied by a significant decrease in the levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. A similar trend was observed for serum triglycerides. The patients receiving combination therapy including other laxatives displayed no significant differences between lipid metabolic parameters at the beginning and after the end of treatment. Conclusion. The whole complex of properties of psyllium (Mucofalk) can be fully realized in patients with comorbidity and chronic constipation, which is accompanied not only by the normalization of bowel emptying, but also by marked positive changes in the main lipid metabolic parameters and by a reduction in overweight.
Battered Women and the Requirement of Imminence in Self-Defence
Authors: Goosen Samantha
Published: April 2017

Should the South African courts abolish the traditional imminence standard, something must be used to stand in its place. The identification of the various alternatives which have been suggested to replace imminence - most notably the establishment of the "reasonable woman standard" as advanced in the case of S v Engelbrecht 2005 (92) SACR 41 (W) - has moved the law of self-defence into the realm of subjectivity. The end result not only undermines self-defence as a justification defence, but is also unworkable for a number of reasons. For instance, utilising expert testimony to explain how the battered woman’s syndrome affects individual perception would leave a judge with no meaningful way to determine if that abused woman’s belief in the imminence of danger was reasonable, even if viewed from her distorted perspective. It is suggested that no reference need be made to the "reasonable battered woman", since South African courts already do this to a limited extent by taking a number of factors into account in determining if the abused woman acted reasonably. By rethinking certain factors in the situation as a set of relatively innocuous normative propositions, the abused woman’s actions can be judged in accordance with standard propositions in the law of self-defence.
Protecting Critical Databases – Towards a Risk Based Assessment of Critical Information Infrastructures (CIIS) in South Africa
Authors: Njotini Mzukisi Niven
Published: April 2017

South Africa has made great strides towards protecting critical information infrastructures (CIIs). For example, South Africa recognises the significance of safeguarding places or areas that are essential to the national security of South Africa or the economic and social well-being of South African citizens. For this reason South Africa has established mechanisms to assist in preserving the integrity and security of CIIs. The measures provide inter alia for the identification of CIIs; the registration of the full names, address and contact details of the CII administrators (the persons who manage CIIs); the identification of the location(s) of CIIs or their component parts; and the outlining of the general descriptions of information or data stored in CIIs.

 

It is argued that the measures to protect CIIs in South Africa are inadequate. In particular, the measures rely on a one-size-fits-all approach to identify and classify CIIs. For this reason the South African measures are likely to lead to the adoption of a paradigm that considers every infrastructure, data or database, regardless of its significance or importance, to be key or critical.
El lenguaje incorporado desde y para la cognición incorporada / The embody language from and to the embody cognition
Authors: San Martín García Romulo Ignacio
Published: April 2017

El lenguaje incorporado desde y para la cognición incorporada fundamenta el origen del lenguaje en la evolución de la especie humana y en los contornos de la estructura cerebral actual del hombre. En el cerebro hay continuidad: las áreas sensoriales reciben estímulos, a los que se pone la voz, propio de la especie, y se produce el lenguaje conceptual; sobre esta base se abstrae los términos y se llega a niveles de alta abstracción. Así se da razón que la dimensión lingüística es la facultad que articula lo sustancial de la facultad fonética humana, con los elementos del ambiente. Por lo tanto, se rechaza las explicaciones lingüísticas tanto del internalismo como las del externalismo, que absolutizan sea la facultad o la periferia respectivamente.
El uso del lenguaje, más allá de las normas
Authors: Montenegro Guevara Laura Elizabeth
Published: April 2017

Este trabajo pretende realizar una reflexión, estableciendo un paralelo entre la Psicología Social y la Psicología del Lenguaje, entendiendo que ambas están reguladas por normas y pautas sociales más allá de lo prescriptivo y normativo,  implícitas en las normas institucionales sobre el uso del lenguaje y la semántica del discurso utilizada en la actualidad.  
De la alteridad a la hiperalteridad: la relación con el otro en la Sociedad Red
Authors: Ure Mariano
Published: April 2017

El artículo analiza desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria la relación de los hombres con los otros en una sociedad que, a través de la expansión de las tecnologías de la información, va constituyendo una red global de conexiones ilimitadas. Esto nos lleva a preguntarnos si la Sociedad Red es la expresión histórica de un ser- así interdependientes de los hombres y si sus dinámicas comunicacionales reales favorecen la construcción de lo interhumano. La aproximación al problema retoma las propuestas de la losofía de la alteridad y apela a contribuciones teóricas sobre las relaciones sociales basadas en intercambios comunicativos. El resultado es una reformulación de los principios de la losofía de la alteridad tradicional, en la cual se identi can las posibilidades y condiciones del despliegue de la vocación humana de quienes integran redes. 
Buscar y forjar una identidad latinoamericana desde el aula
Authors: Fallilone Emiliano
Published: April 2017

Buscar y forjar una identidad latinoamericana desde el aula, es un intento de analizar la necesidad de pensar la losofía y la realidad desde la condición socio-política-contextual-histórica que hace ser a una persona latinoamericana. Se encuentra en dicho suelo, la irrupción de un pensamiento subversivo, cuestionador y crítico. Sin embargo, el problema de la posibilidad o no de un pensar original, su consecuente historia y el sujeto del losofar, son elementos que se debaten aún en la interna de esta nueva manera de abordar la realidad. Se exponen algunos elementos de este debate, como la cuestión en torno al sujeto que losofa y educa, sobre la formulación de un nuevo pensamiento o una nueva losofía. En el siguiente artículo, también se problematizará la construcción de la historia de América Latina como discurso hegemónico de los sectores ideológicos dominantes de corte eurocéntrico, y por el contrario, la irrupción de una construcción de historia arraigada en nuestro suelo, mediante una toma de conciencia del propio proceso histórico. Desde allí, se planteará como incertidumbre la posibilidad o no, al dejar que irrumpa este nuevo pensamiento dentro del aula, a los nes de suscitar nuevas miradas y generar una praxis educativa consecuente con el planteo de la losofía de la liberación. Para esto, se resume la gestación de la losofía de la liberación y los principales elementos de la misma, profundizando después, la particularidad de pensar desde un nuevo sujeto plural referido al pueblo, como categoría original, y se comenta el método analéctico como superación de la dialéctica y la ontología clásica. Al nal, se intentará acercar algunas re exiones desde el aula para animar a seguir pensando la cuestión y dejar latente el deseo repensar la educación, la losofía y su enseñanza. 
Assessment of nutriom in treatment of urolithiasis disease
Authors: Apolikhin Oleg I , Sivkov Andrey V , Prosjannikov Mikhail Yu , Shadyorkin Igor A , Konstantinova Olga V , Golovanov Sergey A , Anokhin Nikolay V , Zelenskiy Maksim M , Voytko Dmitriy A , Galiev Nikolay A , Gamzaev Marat G , Dzhalilov Osman V
Published: April 2017

In recent years in the world has registered a steady increase of urolithiasis disease (UD). Currently it is possible to identify the causes of stone formation and reduce the number of relapsing stones by assessing the chemical composition of the stone and examining the biochemical parameters of urine and blood. It is also necessary to evaluate the stereotype of the patient’s diet among other things. One of the most effective and common methods for assessing the dietary stereotype is questionnairring. To study the interrelation between the dietary stereotype and the UD was performed by the questionnaire - Questionnaire on the assessment of the stereotype of nutrition (QASN) by Lopatkin Urology Scientific Research Institute. The questionnaire is freely available on the Internet at www.nethealth.ru in the testing section. The QASN contains questions about the daily use of a particular group of products. All food products are divided into subgroups according to trade classification. Each group includes products that are the most often sold and used on the territory of the Russian Federation. After completing the questionnaire it calculates the number of elements used per day. The norms of consumption of each substance calculates for 1 kg of body weight of the patient and calculating automatically when the patient is filling in the column “body weight”. The obtained data are compared with the average daily consumption rate of these elements in the average person. In the event of detection of abnormalities in one or several parameters it is concluded that there are significant changes in the dietary pattern.
Distal Radial Epifizin Manyetik Rezonans Görüntülemesi Yaşayan Bireylerde Adli Yaş Tayini
Authors: Ekizoğlu Oğuzhan , Hocaoğlu Elif , İnci Ercan
Published: April 2017

Objective: Determining forensic age is very important in legal and civil rights cases, particularly in those involving children and young adults. Although methods for performing such estimates have been developed and their reliability has been demonstrated, radiation exposure has become controversial. In recent years, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used in an attempt to protect patients from radiation exposure. The aim of this study is to evaluate usefulness of staging via magnetic resonance imaging of distal radial epiphysis in age estimation.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 198 hand-wrists (patient age, 12–20 years) were retrospectively evaluated with MRI using the “distal radial epiphysis assessment method,” which was used previously by Dvorak to evaluate professional sportsmen.
Results: The ages at which bony fusion occurs have been identified. Females reach stage 2 at 13 years, stages 3 and 4 at 14 years, stage 5 at 15 years, and stage 6 at 16 years, whereas males reach stages 2 and 3 at 14 years, stage 4 at 15 years, and stages 5 and 6 at 16 years.
Conclusion: Although the non-ionizing Dvorak method of analyzing the distal radius epiphysis was successfully used for subjects aged 13–16 years, it failed to provide data about 17 and 18-year-olds. Thus, we need to develop a method for this age group and expand the applicable population.
Maternal near miss review: a brief appraisal
Authors: Marwah Sheeba , Sharma Manjula
Published: April 2017

Recuperation of maternal health is mandatory for realms signatory to millennium declaration, as MDG 5A aims at reduction in maternal mortality ratio by three quarters between 1990 and 2015. MM is frequently described as “Just the Tip of The Iceberg” with a vast base of maternal morbidity that still remains largely undescribed. Hence, the concept of maternal near miss (MNM) or severe acute maternal Morbidity (SAMM) was instituted in maternal health care to complement information acquired from MDR. Here we present a succinct review to enlighten and update the readers about the concept of maternal near miss and its advantage in providing the modern-day obstetricians and the administrators an edge over maternal mortality in gauging the quality of health care delivered at each facility. This would thus be instrumental in helping them formulating policies to enhance the health care services at each level across the nation.
Functional status of reproductive system under treatment of silver nanoparticles in female mice
Authors: Lytvynenko Alina P. , Rieznichenko Ludmila S. , Sribna Valentine A. , Stupchuk Maria I. , Grushka Nataliya G. , Shepel Alena A. , Voznesenska Tetyana Yu. , Blashkiv Taras V. , Kaleynykova Oksana N.
Published: April 2017

Background: The use of silver nanoparticles (AgNP) has increased very significantly in recent years the work in science is currently on focused on assessing human health and environmental risks of nanotechnology. The aim of the present study was to estimate the functional status of the female reproductive system in mice under condition of the intravenous treatment of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), namely to assess meiotic maturation of oocytes, viability of follicular cells surrounding the oocyte, spontaneous contractile activity of the myometrium and pre-and post-implantation mortality of embryos.Methods: Research (two series) has been done on white laboratory mice (8 weeks, 16-18 g). AgNPs are spherical nanoparticles of 30 nm (8 mg/ml for metal) diluted in water for injection. Method of treatment: intravenous. Two doses (2 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg) have been investigated. Frequency of treatment: one time per day with each dose of 1, 5 and 10 times (n=10 animals in each group). Material for the study (ovaries, uterus) were taken the day after the last AgNPs injection.Results: Ten-time AgNPs treatment (2 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg) results in inhibition of oocytes meiotic maturation in mice; a single- and five-time AgNPs treatment (2 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg) increases the number of apoptotic cells, while the ten-time AgNPs treatment results in an increase of the apoptotic and necrotic follicular cells surrounding oocytes; for the five-and ten-time AgNPs treatment (4 mg/kg) the index of contractility (IC) of the uterus increased; for the ten-time AgNPs treatment (2 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg) no differences in value of the embryonic mortality between control and study groups have been observed.Conclusions: This study suggests that the development of nanomaterials should be safer and non-toxic and the potential reprotoxicity of AgNPs should be investigated more carefully.
Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice about menstruation and menstrual hygiene among secondary high school girls in Ogbomoso, Oyo state, Nigeria
Authors: Fehintola Funmito Omolola , Fehintola Akintunde Olusegun , Aremu Ayodele Olatayo , Idowu Ajibola , Ogunlaja Olumuyiwa A , Ogunlaja Idowu Paulina
Published: April 2017

Background: Menstruation has more profound effect on quality of education than other aspect of puberty because it involves a learning component as well as elements affected by the school environment and infrastructure. It is, therefore, imperative to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of Secondary School girls in Ogbomoso on the subject of menstruation and menstrual hygiene.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study carried out between June and August 2016. A total of 447 eligible female adolescent secondary school students were selected by multistage sampling technique. A semi-structured facilitated self- administered questionnaire was used.Results: Majority (96.4%) of the adolescents have heard about menstruation before menarche while 55.9% had good knowledge of menstruation and menstrual hygiene. Despite the high level of knowledge, about 64% of the respondents describe their response to their first menses as scary, discomforting or emotionally disturbing. Also, only 25% of the respondents had good menstrual hygiene practice. Factors that were significantly associated with good knowledge of menstruation and menstrual hygiene in this study were older adolescent age (15-19 years) (χ2=47.68, P<0.0001); adolescents whose mothers have greater than secondary school education (χ2=42.52, P<0.0001); and those living with their parents (χ2=123.9 ,P=0.001)  while only living with parents significantly influenced good practices.Conclusions: The study concluded that majority of the adolescents do not observe good hygienic practice during menstruation despite relatively good knowledge of menstruation and menstrual hygiene. Efforts have to be put into ensuring that adolescents are well educated on the meaning of menstruation, the importance of good hygienic practice both in schools and at home.
Clinicosociodemographic profile of ruptured ectopic pregnancies at a tertiary care centre
Authors: Panda Soumya Ranjan , Rani Anjali , Meena Mahendra
Published: April 2017

Background: Rupture of an ectopic pregnancy remains the most dreaded complication of a pregnancy related event and is the commonest cause of maternal mortality in the first trimester of pregnancy. In the developing countries, the maternal death rate among patients admitted with ectopic pregnancy was found to be as high as one in ten. In addition to high risk for mortality, rupture of an ectopic pregnancy could affect future fertility of a woman. The objectives of this study are to analyse the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and find out the incidence rate and risk factors associated with ruptured ectopic pregnancies in a tertiary care institution.Methods: This is a retrospective study and was conducted over a period of one year from September 2015 to September 2016 in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Institute of Medical Sciences, BHU, Varanasi, India. It is a tertiary care centre getting referrals not only from nearby cities and hospitals but also from major cities of neighbour states. During this time frame a total of 2601 deliveries have taken place and 57 cases of ruptured ectopic pregnancies were reported. Data were collected in a preconceived format.Results: Total numbers of vaginal deliveries were 2601 during the study period. Out of which 63 (2.42%) were found to be ectopic pregnancies and 57 (1.99%) were diagnosed as ruptured ectopic pregnancies. Maximum number of patients (70.17%) were between 21 and 30 years of age. As far as parity is concerned only 12.29 % of patients were primigravida where as 70.71% patients were multigravida. Previous history of pelvic inflammatory disease was associated among maximum number of cases i.e 50.87% of total number of cases. Among other risk factors, previous abortions, previous ectopic pregnancies and history of infertility treatment were the prime ones. Maximum number of patients were from lower and lower middle class socioeconomic status. Ampullary type of Tubal ectopic pregnancies were found to be the commonest ones. Two cornual pregnancies and two ovarian pregnancies were also found in this series. In 85.97 % of patients the amount of hemoperitoneum was found to be more than 500 ml.Conclusions: There is high incidence rate of ectopic pregnancy and low rate of diagnosis before rupture occurs in developing nations as in our scenario. Pelvic inflammatory disease, Maternal education, socioeconomic status, parity and history of subfertilty are the risk factors associated with ruptured ectopic pregnancy. Effective efforts should be taken to encourage the level of education and improve the rate of diagnosis among health care providers before the occurrence of rupture.
Clinical study of maternal complications associated with eclampsia
Authors: T. Bhanu B. , S. Amudha , Sarojini .
Published: April 2017

Background: Eclampsia is still one of the leading causes of maternal mortality and morbidity in developing countries. Though the incidence in developed nations has drastically reduced, it has remained the same over years in India, mainly due to lack of awareness, poor socio-economic status and inadequate ante natal check-ups. The objective of this study was to determine the presentation, demographic features, risk factors, management, maternal mortality and morbidity, in women presenting with eclampsia.Methods: This study was conducted in Vanivilas hospital from January to December 2014 for 12 months. Total 230 women with eclampsia were studied with respect to their age, parity, socio economic status, gestational age, details of previous antenatal check-ups, clinical features at presentation, nature and number of convulsions, treatment received before admission, management in the institution and maternal morbidity and mortality.Results: The incidence of Eclampsia was 1.4%. 30% were below 20 years of age, 45% were primigravidas, 97% were referred cases with inadequate antenatal checkups. 68% had antepartum eclampsia, 22% had intrapartum eclampsia and 10% had postpartum eclampsia. 24% had instrumental delivery, 24% underwent caesarean delivery. There were 17.4% ICU admissions, 5.7% acute kidney injury cases and 13 maternal deaths.Conclusions: Eclampsia still remains a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in india. Information about danger signs of pre-eclampsia/ eclampsia should be made available to antenatal clients. Importance of timely referral to the tertiary center should be emphasised to the peripheral health workers.
Evaluation of postoperative pain in closure versus non-closure of parietal peritoneum at caesarean section
Authors: Sharma Avantika , Hooja Nupur , Shastri Apoorv , Dadhich Brijesh , Manish Richa
Published: April 2017

Background: Pain is one of the major discomfort which drives post caesarean mothers to seek help. Thus, it is important to know if any change in surgical technique could have effect on the post-operative pain which affects all the woman’s activities. Hence, the study was undertaken to study the effect of closure and non-closure of parietal peritoneum on postoperative pain.Methods: It was a hospital based interventional study done in a tertiary care hospital over one year. Detailed history, investigations, operative details, postoperative outcome in terms of pain were recorded and analysed.Results: Women in the closure group had more postoperative pain. P value was highly significant at 8h (P=0.0001), 16h (P=0.0001), 24h (P=0.00001) and 32h (P=0.000001), 40 hour (P=0.00001) and 48h (P=0.0001).Conclusions: Peritoneal should not be closed routinely in caesarean sections as it is shown to cause less postoperative pain.
Efficacy of sodium feredetate versus ferrous sulfate in iron deficiency anemia in preganant women
Authors: Revankar Vijaya Manohar , Garg Asha , Garg Asha , Revankar Manohar G. , Revankar Manohar G.
Published: April 2017

Background: The main aim of the study was to determine the efficacy of Sodium Feredetate with Ferrous Sulfate in treatment of iron deficiency anemia in pregnant women. Rise in hemoglobin after one and two months of treatment with respective drugs and their side effects.Methods: Prospective randomized study carried out between Jan 2008-July 2009 at Government Tertiary Care Level Hospital OBG Department in Mangalore on 74 pregnant women with anemia.Results: Sodium feredetate (Na Fe EDTA) in iron deficiency anemia led to a significant and rapid rise in hemoglobin levels than that with ferrous sulfate in our study.Conclusions: Sodium Feredetate in iron deficiency anemia led to a significant and rapid rise in hemoglobin levels than that with Ferrous Sulfate and also associated with minimal or no side effects.
Laparoscopic management of large ovarian cysts
Authors: S. Beeresh C. , Doopadapalli Divyasree , V. Vimala K. , Lingegowda Krishna
Published: April 2017

Background: Large ovarian cysts are conventionally managed by laparotomy. This study was undertaken to assess the feasibility and outcome of laparoscopic surgery for the management of large ovarian cysts.Methods: Thirty-eight patients from January 2014 to December 2016, presumed to be large ovarian cyst were managed laparoscopically. Preliminary evaluation suggestive to be of benign ovarian cyst by history, clinical examination, sonographic imaging and basic serum marker were only included in this study. The cysts were aspirated initially followed by cystectomy, oophorectomy or total hysterectomy depending on age, parity, coexisting pathology and desire for future fertility.Results: Out of 38 cases, 6 were non-ovarian adnexal masses. 8 out of rest 32 cases presented with pain due to torsion were managed on emergency basis, rest of the cases were operated electively. Mean operating time was 90 minutes. Mean size of the cyst was 16 cms. One cases of borderline malignancy were detected and the rest showed benign pathology. Three of the cases required mini Laprotomy for specimen removal. Most of women were successfully treated laparoscopically without any complications and conversion to laparotomy was required in 3 cases.Conclusions: With proper patient selection and exclusion of malignancy, laparoscopic management of large ovarian cyst by general gynecologist is feasible.