bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae after COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Car Haris , Dobrić Mirela , Pospišil Mladen , Nađ Marina , Luxner Josefa , Zarfel Gernot , Grisold Andrea , Nikić-Hecer Ana , Vraneš Jasmina , Bedenić Branka
Published: August 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the intricate interplay between viral infections and opportunistic bacterial pathogens such as Klebsiella pneumoniae. K. pneumoniae harbors various antibiotic resistance determinants like extended-spectrum and plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases and carbapenemases. In the two years following the pandemic, carbapenemase producing K. pneumoniae isolates obtained routinely in outpatient and inpatient setting demonstrated similar resistance patterns which prompted research. The aim was to compare and subsequently analyze carbapenem-resistant hospital and outpatient’s K. pneumoniae isolates’ resistance mechanisms, traits and molecular epidemiology, following the COVID-19 pandemic. Disk diffusion and broth dilution method were the methods of choice to determine antibiotic susceptibility. β-lactamases were screened by phenotypic methods and confirmed with PCR. In total 113 isolates were analysed. Resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanate and ertapenem was confirmed in all strains. High resistance rates (over 90%) were observed for extended-spectrum cephalosporins, and ciprofloxacin. OKNV testing and PCR detected OXA-48 in 106, NDM in 7 and KPC in only one isolate. ESBLs accompanied carbapenemases in 103 isolates. Carbapenem resistance in K. pneumoniae is becoming a global problem, hence careful monitoring of its resistance traits is of utmost importance in order to combat the arising threat. OXA-48 seems to continue predominating in the turbulent period after pandemic.
Comparison of Methane Emissions from Dairy Cows Quantified by Maximum Amplitude of Eructation Peaks and other Concentration Metrics
Authors: Hardan Ali , Garnsworthy Phil C. , Bell Matt J.
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study was to quantify methane (CH4) emissions from dairy cows during milking by maximum amplitude of eructation peaks and compare estimates with other metrics for CH4 emissions. Spot measurements of CH4 and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions were recorded for at least 7 days of continuous sampling using an infrared gas analyser in a robotic milking station whilst cows were milked. Concentrations of CH4 and CO2 were measured at 1 second intervals. A total of 105,701 CH4 spot measurements were obtained from 2,206 dairy cows on 18 farms. Methane emissions per individual cow were quantified by maximum amplitude of eructation peaks, average area under eructation peaks (integral of eructation), average concentration during milking and ratio of CH4 to CO2 concentration. There was a high correlation (r = 0.71) between CH4 emissions quantified by maximum amplitude and integral of eructation peaks. The correlation between maximum amplitude and average CH4 concentration was low, and there was no correlation between maximum amplitude and ratio of CH4 to CO2. As both approaches identify and extract eructation peaks to quantify enteric CH4 emissions, the substantial association between maximum amplitude and eructation integral was expected.
SIK2 Controls the Homeostatic Character of POMC Secretome Acutely in Response to Pharmacological ER Stress Induction
Authors: Türküner Mehmet Soner , Yazıcı Ayşe , Özcan Ferruh
Published: August 2024

The neuronal etiology of obesity is centered around diet-induced inflammatory state in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus which impairs the functionality of pro-opiomelanocortine neurons (POMCs) responsible for whole-body energy homeostasis and feeding behavior. Intriguingly, systemic salt inducible kinase 2 (SIK2) knockout mouse demonstrated reduced food intake and energy expenditure along with modestly dysregulated metabolic parameters suggesting a causal link between the absence of SIK2 activity in POMCs and the observed phenotype. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a comparative secretomics study from POMC neurons following pharmacologically induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induction, a hallmark of metabolic inflammation and POMC dysregulation in diet induced obese (DIO) mice. Our data provide significant in vitro evidence for the POMC specific SIK2 activity in controlling the energy metabolism and feeding in DIO mice by regulating the nature of related POMC secretome. Our data also suggests that under physiological stress conditions SIK2 may act as a gatekeeper for the secreted inflammatory factors and signaling molecules critical for cellular survival and energy homeostasis. On the other hand, in the absence of SIK2 gate opens leading to surge of inflammatory cytokines and apoptotic cues concomitant with the dysregulation of POMC neurons.
Addition of Bempedoic Acid to Statin-Ezetimibe versus Statin Titration in Patients with High Cardiovascular Risk. A Single Centre Prospective Study
Authors: Marazzi Giuseppe , Caminiti Giuseppe , Perrone Marco Alfonso , Campolongo Giuseppe , Cacciotti Luca , Giamundo Domenico Mario , Iellamo Ferdinando , Severino Paolo , Volterrani Maurizio , Rosano Giuseppe M. C.
Published: August 2024

Reducing levels of low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) below recommended thresholds is a core component of cardiovascular prevention strategies. We hypothesized that the addition of bempedoic acid to patients already on statin-ezetimibe therapy was more effective than titrating the statin dose in reducing LDL-C. The study enrolled 120 patients at high cardiovascular risk, and with LDL-C above 70 mg/dl. They were randomly divided in two groups: bempedoic acid (BA) group, taking bempedoic acid in addition to statin plus ezitimibe, and the statin titration (ST) group including patients who doubled the dose of statin. At 12-weeks, BA group presented a greater significant decrease of LDL-C compared to ST group (-22.9% vs 7.5% p 0.002). Total-cholesterol decreased significantly in the BA group compared to ST (-14.8% vs-4.7% ; p 0.013) No significant between-groups changes in HDL and triglycerides occurred. At 12 weeks the number of patients who reached LDL-C lower than 70 mg/dl was 38 (63%) in the BA group versus 22 (37%) in the ST group (between group p 0.034). In the BA group the LDL lowering effect of bempedoic acid was similar between patients taking atorvastatin and rosuvastatin. No side effects occurred during the follow up period. In conclusion, the addition of Bempedoic acid to statin/ezetimibe combined treatment was more effective than doubling the dose of statin in reducing LDL-C. levels and increased the number of patients reaching the LDL-C goal.
Exploring the Potential of Neural Machine Translation for Cross-Language Clinical NLP Resource Generation through Annotation Projection
Authors: Rodriguez Miret Jan , Farre Maduell Eulalia , Lima Lopez Salvador , Vigil Gimenez Laura , Briva-Iglesias Vicent , Krallinger Martin
Published: August 2024

Recent advancements in neural machine translation (NMT) offer promising potential for generating cross-language clinical natural language processing (NLP) resources. There is a pressing need to be able to foster the development of clinical NLP tools that extract key clinical entities in a comparable way for a multitude of medical application scenarios, hindered by lack of multilingual annotated data. This study explores the efficacy of using NMT and annotation projection techniques with expert in the loop validation to develop named entity recognition (NER) systems for an under resourced target language (Catalan) by leveraging Spanish clinical corpora annotated by domain experts. We employed a state-of-the-art NMT system to translate three clinical case corpora. The translated annotations were then projected onto the target language texts and subsequently validated and corrected by clinical domain experts. The efficacy of the resulting NER systems was evaluated against manually annotated test sets in the target language. Our findings indicate that this approach not only facilitates the generation of high-quality training data for the target language (Catalan) but also demonstrates the potential to extend this methodology to other languages, thereby enhancing multilingual clinical NLP resource development. The generated corpora and components are publicly accessible, providing potentially a valuable resource for further research and application in multilingual clinical settings: https://zenodo.org/doi/10.5281/zenodo.13133124.
Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Ammonia Concentration and Their Abundancy in Korea
Authors: Song In Ho , Kim Hyun Woong , Park Jong Sung , Park Seung-Myung , Lee Jaeyun , Nam Eunjung , Lim Yongjae , Park Jung Min , Yoo Myung Soo , Park Seung-Myung , Shin* Hye Jung
Published: August 2024

In this study, it was analyzed that the characteristics of ammonia and their effects on secondary particulate matter (PM) formation by region in Korea during 2020. The NH3 concentration was high in GJ (11.4 ppb) neighboring agricultural area followed by DJ (9.0 ppb) and SE (8.6 ppb) locating in the urban area. On the other hand, BI (2.6 ppb) and JI (4.5 ppb), which are background regions, were lower than other area. Seasonally, ammonia was high in spring and summer, and it generally increased when human activities are active. Therefore, it is believed that ammonia in the atmosphere changes depending on not only local emissions but also temperature-dependent phase distribution characteristics. For SE and GJ, regions with relatively high ammonia concentrations, the effect of ammonia on secondary PM formation was conducted. In both regions, the ammonium-to-sulfate mole ratio tended to increase with an ammonia or PM2.5 concentration increasing. It can be assumed that PM2.5 concentration increases as nitrates are formed under the ammonia sufficient condition. The adjusted gas ratio is generally greater than 4, indicating that there is a lot of free ammonia. Thus, it is estimated that reduction of ammonia would not effective to restrain the nitrate formation.
Hybrid Approaches for Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors: Neural Networks and Traditional Methods
Authors: Čajić Elvir , Stojanović Zvezdan , Galić Dario
Published: August 2024

This paper explores innovative approaches to determining eigenvalues and eigenvectors through the combination of neural networks and traditional numerical methods. Traditional methods like the Newton-Raphson and Durand-Kerner algorithms are proven effective but often require good initial approximations and can be sensitive to the choice of starting points. In this study, we propose a hybrid approach that uses neural networks to generate better initial approximations, which are then iteratively refined using traditional methods. By combining the pattern recognition power of neural networks with the adaptability of traditional numerical methods, we demonstrate faster convergence and higher accuracy in determining eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Experimental results on various polynomials of different degrees and characteristics show that our hybrid approach outperforms individual methods, providing a more robust and efficient solution.
Zero-Trust Cybersecurity: Procedures and Considerations in Context
Authors: Lund Brady D. , Lee Tae Hee , Wang Ziang , Wang Ting , Mannuru Nishith Reddy
Published: August 2024

In response to the increasing complexity and sophistication of cyber threats, particularly those enhanced by advancements in artificial intelligence, traditional security methods are proving insufficient. This paper explores the zero-trust cybersecurity framework, which operates on the principle of "never trust, always verify" to mitigate vulnerabilities within organizations. Specifically, it examines the applicability of zero-trust principles in environments where large volumes of information are exchanged, such as schools and libraries, highlighting the importance of continuous authentication, least privilege access, and breach assumption. The findings highlight avenues for future research that may help preserve the security of vulnerable organizations.
Artificial Intelligence in Head and Neck Cancer: Innovations, Applications, and Future Directions
Authors: Pham Tuan D. , Teh Muy-Teck , Chatzopoulou Domniki , Holmes Simon , Coulthard Paul
Published: August 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing head and neck cancer (HNC) care by providing innovative tools that enhance diagnostic accuracy and personalize treatment strategies. This review highlights the advancements in AI technologies, including deep learning and natural language processing, and their applications in HNC. The integration of AI with imaging techniques, genomics, and electronic health records is explored, emphasizing its role in early detection, biomarker discovery, and treatment planning. Despite noticeable progress, challenges such as data quality, algorithmic bias, and the need for interdisciplinary collaboration remain. Emerging innovations like explainable AI, AI-powered robotics, and real-time monitoring systems are poised to further advance the field. Addressing these challenges and fostering collaboration among AI experts, clinicians, and researchers is crucial for developing equitable and effective AI applications. The future of AI in HNC holds significant promise, offering potential breakthroughs in diagnostics, personalized therapies, and improved patient outcomes.
High-Performance of Mn2O3 Electrodes for Hydrogen Evolution Using Natural Bischofite Salt from Atacama Desert. A Novel Application for Solar Saline Water Splitting
Authors: Madrid Felipe M. Galleguillos , Salazar-Avalos Sebastian , Fuentealba Edward , Leiva-Guajardo Susana , Caceres Luis , Portillo Carlos , Sepulveda Felipe , Brito Ivan , Cobos-Murcia José Ángel , Rojas-Moreno Omar F. , Jimenez Victor , Schott Eduardo , Soliz Alvaro
Published: August 2024

Solar saline water splitting is a promising approach for sustainable hydrogen production, harnessing abundant solar energy and the availability of brine resources, especially in the Atacama Desert. Bischofite (MgCl2·6H2O), a naturally occurring salt, has garnered significant attention due to its wide range of industrial applications and the challenges associated with efficient hydrogen production in arid or hyper arid locations. This work discloses the electrochemical performance of Mn2O3 electrodes using a superposition model based on mixed potential theory and evaluates the superficial performance of this electrode in contact with a 0.5 M nature Bischofite salt solution focusing on hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), that occurs during saline water splitting. The application of the non-linear superposition model provides valuable electrochemical kinetic parameters that complement the understanding of Mn2O3, this being one of the novelties of the manuscript.
El gobierno de Teodoro de Croix en las Provincias Internas: las reformas militares (1776-1783)
Authors: Domínguez Rascón Alonso
Published: August 2024

Se analizan las reformas militares borbónicas que se llevaron a cabo en el septentrión por el primer titular de la Comandancia General de las Provincias Internas, creada en 1776, Teodoro de Croix. Dichas reformas se basaron en la implementación de estrategias y técnicas militares que respondieran a los desafíos que representó un norte sumido en la guerra. Se trató de un esfuerzo por involucrar a los pobladores como milicianos, a partir de la creación de los Cuerpos de Dragones Provinciales y derivar de ellos unidades militares específicas. La urgencia de dar respuesta a los ataques perpetrados por los grupos étnicos norteños y las amenazas de otras monarquías llevó a planteamientos que iban más allá de la perspectiva de la tradición militar norteña.
Analisis Kualitas Air Permukaan di Kabupaten Karangasem Berdasarkan Parameter Fisika, Kimia dan Biologi
Authors: Negara I Made Jaya , Astuti Ni Putu Widya , Sumadewi Ni Luh Utari
Published: August 2024

Abstrak
Sungai adalah salah satu bentuk dari suatu ekosistem perairan terbuka yang mengalir dari hulu ke hilir yang memiliki arti penting bagi kehidupan masyarakat serta pemanfaatan yang luas. Informasi mengenai kualitas air sungai sangat penting guna memberikan gambaran mengenai pengaruh pemanfaatan air sungai tersebut oleh manusia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif tentang kualitas air sungai di Kabupaten Karangasem berdasarkan parameter fisika, kimia dan biologis  dari  4 sungai  dari total 54 sungai di wilayah Kabupaten Karangasem. Sungai yang diteliti yaitu Tukad Nyuling, Tukad Jangga, Tukad Pati dan Tukad Kerkuk dibandingkan dengan baku mutu Pemerintah yang diatur dalam Peraturan Gubernur No 16 Tahun 2016. tentang Baku Mutu Lingkungan Hidup dan Kriteria Baku Kerusakan Lingkungan Hidup melalui metode Indeks Pencemaran. Hasilnya, Sungai Nyuling memiliki indeks pencemaran 1.23 di hulu, 1.59 di tengah dan 1.31 di hilir. Sungai Jangga memiliki indeks pencemaran 1.43 di hulu, 1.67 di tengah dan 1.88 di hilir. Sungai Pati memiliki indeks pencemaran 1.98 di hulu, 1.29 di tengah dan 3.33 di hilir. Sedangkan, Sungai Kerkuk memiliki nilai indeks pencemaran 1.39 di hulu, 1.40 di tengah dan 3.29 di hilir. Semua titik dari keempat sungai tersebut termasuk dalam kategori cemar ringan.
Kata kunci: air permukaan, kualitas air, sungai  
Abstract
A river is one kind of an open water ecosystem that flows from upstream to downstream which has an important meaning for people's lives and for its wide use. The information about river water quality is very important in order to provide an overview of the effects of river water used by human. This research is a descriptive study of river water quality in Karangasem Regency based on the physical, chemical and biological parameters of 4 rivers from a total of 54 rivers in the Karangasem Regency area. The rivers studied were Tukad Nyuling, Tukad Jangga, Tukad Pati and Tukad Kerkuk compared to the Government quality standards stipulated in Governor Regulation No. 16/2016 on Environmental Quality Standards and Environmental Damage Standard Criteria through the Pollution Index method. The result shows that the Nyuling River has a pollution index of 1.23 in the upstream, 1.59 in the middle and 1.31 in the downstream. Jangga River has a pollution index of 1.43 in the upstream, 1.67 in the middle and 1.88 in the downstream.Pati River has a pollution index of 1.98 in the upstream, 1.29 in the middle and 3.33 in the downstream. While the Kerkuk River has a pollution index of 1.39 in the upstream, 1.40 in the middle and 3.29 in the downstream. The river points of that four rivers are categorized as light pollutants 
Keywords: river, surface water, water quality
Boletín de Noticias "Entre Patologos" de Alconpat Internacional (V6N1, 2024)
Authors:   Alconpat Internacional, Soria Castro Montserrat , Zozaya Ortíz Alexia Xiomara ,   Alconpat Internacional, Castro Borges Pedro ,   Alconpat Internacional
Published: August 2024

En el boletín de noticias Entre patólogos de Alconpat Internacional se destacan los eventos programados para el segundo semestre del año, incluyendo cursos especializados en corrosión del acero de refuerzo, evaluación y diagnóstico de problemas patológicos en estructuras de concreto, y reparaciones de alta especialidad en concreto, con la colaboración de SIKA. También se presentan los nuevos delegados nacionales y las actividades desarrolladas por las direcciones de Alconpat, junto con la última edición de la Revista ALCONPAT. El boletín incluye una sección de opinión de, informes sobre actividades de las delegaciones nacionales, información sobre el próximo CONPAT 2025 en Madrid, y un Senior Webinar. Además, se rinde homenaje a tres personalidades que se nos fueron es este periodo y se destacan eventos especiales, noticias de RILEM, y el VII Seminario Internacional de Jóvenes Alconpat/Penetron.
WITHDRAWN: The Relationship of Perceived Social Support and Problematic Social Media Use among Homosexuality and Heterosexuality: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Hu Xueqing , Wang Peng , Tian Mei
Published: August 2024

The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors due to author disagreement with the posting of the preprint. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.
N-doped nano-casted carbon monolith for Pb (II) removal and photocatalytic degradation of thiamethoxam from aqueous solution
Authors: Singh Jasminder , Mehta Akansha , Basu Soumen
Published: August 2024

Single rock-like N-doped carbon monolith (ND-PFCM) was successfully constructed via nanocasting method. Phenol formaldehyde resin was taken as carbon source and nitrogen was incorporated in monoliths through NaNH2 activation. The synthesized monoliths were used for the removal of Pb (II) from aqueous solution. Various characterization techniques namely, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Raman spectroscopy, UV-visible diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS) UV-DRS, Zeta potential, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), TEM (Transmission electron microscopy), TGA (Thermogravimetric analysis) and XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) were utilized to characterize synthesized monolithic samples. The different parameters such as pH, adsorbent dosage and time were enquired on the removal efficiency of monoliths towards Pb(II). ND-PFCM exhibited the highest adsorption capacity of 330.03 mg g− 1 in 180 min at pH 6. This is attributed to the fact that the better texture properties and presence of nitrogen functional groups enhance the uptake of Pb (II) ions on the monolith surface. In the kinetic studies, pseudo second order model fitted best with the experimental data. Furthermore, the removal of thiamethoxam (TM) from aqueous solution was done by using different weight ratios of ND-PFCM under the visible light. The maximum removal efficiency of 97.35% with rate constant of 0.02085 min− 1 obtained in 160 min. Moreover, monoliths exhibited good reusability for five consecutive cycles. The findings suggest that the synthesized monoliths exhibit characteristics suitable and eco-friendly for sustainable use in water treatment applications.
Effects of various thermal processing approaches on flavor and taste components in dried salted Spanish Mackerel
Authors: JIANG Pengfei , Li Jing , Jiang Cai-yan , Miao Xiaoqing , Li Shuang , Dong Xiuping
Published: August 2024

This study researched the effect of three thermal processing methods, namely air-fried, water-steaming and oil-fried on non-volatile and volatile flavor compounds of dried salted Spanish mackerel meat; gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS), electronic tongue, liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer (LC-MS) and sensory evaluation were used in combination with multiple statistical methods. Correlation analysis of the results suggested that these three processing methods would cause differences in flavor components; samples treated by thermal processing contained higher levels of sweet free amino acids such as Serine, Glutamic acid, Threonine and Alanine as the main flavor active components. In addition, the volatile flavor compounds determined were 45compounds through GC-IMS analysis,which mainly included 12 aldehydes, 10 ketones, 7 alcohols, 3 esters, 5 others and uncharacterized 8 types. Due to these flavor profile, the principal component analysis of E-tongue data showed a distinct difference among the different thermally processed samples. The oil-fried group rated highest in the sensory evaluation and catered more to consumers.In conclusion, different thermal processes significantly improved the flavor and taste of dried salted mackerel meat, providing a theoretical basis for the subsequent development of salted mackerel intervention dishes.
Differential effects of pH on cadmium accumulation in Artemisia argyi growing in low and moderately cadmium-contaminated paddy soils
Authors: zhang ze , Zhong Jia-shun , Guo Xin-zhi , Xu Chao , Huang Dao-you , Liu Jing , Chen Xin-sheng
Published: August 2024

Phytoremediation offers a sustainable and cost-effective method for mitigating soil cadmium (Cd) contamination. Soil pH is a key element influencing Cd bioavailability and can be easily adjusted in agricultural practices. The degree of soil Cd contamination may relate to the effectiveness of phytoremediation; however, this has not been comprehensively investigated. In the current study, we evaluated the effect of Cd contamination level (0.56 and 0.92 mg/kg) and soil pH (5, 6, and 7) on Cd accumulation and allocation in Artemisia argyi, a fast-growing perennial crop. Our results indicate that higher soil Cd concentrations reduce A. argyi biomass, both in roots and overall plant organs. Higher soil pH decreased Cd content in stems and roots of A. argyi cultivated in moderately Cd-polluted soil, and increased Cd content in stems and roots of the plant grown in low Cd-polluted soil. Higher soil pH decreased the percentage of Cd distributed in the soluble fraction and cell walls, and increased the percentage of Cd distributed in the organelles for moderate soil Cd levels. The bioconcentration and translocation factor exceeded 4.0 and 1.0, respectively, across all tested treatments, indicating that A. argyi is a promising candidate for phytoremediation. Notably, the effects of soil pH on Cd accumulation and subcellular distribution in A. argyi differed between low and moderately Cd-contaminated soils. Adjustments to soil pH based on the degree of Cd contamination can enhance Cd extraction by A. argyi, thereby reducing the overall remediation cycle.
Niche partition and traits tradeoff enable plants to coexist under interspecific competition
Authors: Yang Shenglin , Yuan Zhen , Ye Bibi , Zhu Feng , Tang Xiaoxian , Gao Rui , Chu Zhaosheng , Liu Xiaowei
Published: August 2024

The coexisting strategies of plants under interspecific competition driven the trajectory of succession which concerned the ecological success of biodiversity maintenance in restored or created wetlands. To reveal the coexisting mechanism and guide the management of vegetation recovery, 220 vascular plants from 19 restored lakeside wetlands were systematically analyzed. The Ochiai index (OI) indicated that 62.41% of 435 pairs species exhibited negative correlation compared with 37.58% of positive correlation. The coexistence of heterospecific species was mainly accomplished via spatial and temporal niche partitioning, as well as trade-offs in height and coverage of plants. In terms of spatial niche partition, emergent plants were found to have a wider niche breadth of 1.67 ± 0.60 compared to upland plants with 1.28 ± 0.36. In temporal, 33.6% of species occurred in spring, 26.8% in autumn, and 39.5% in both seasons. Furthermore, according to plants phenology, the species maturing in spring, summer, and autumn accounted for 8.18%, 25.45%, and 62.27%, respectively. These findings on coexistence strategies can be used in the configuration of plants communities in both restored and created wetlands.
Investigation of self-esteem and impulsivity levels of cases who applied to a domestic violence outpatient clinic as perpetrators of intimate partner violence: A sample from Türkiye
Authors: SEHLİKOĞLU ŞEYMA , SEHLİKOĞLU Kerem
Published: August 2024

Purpose
The aim of our study is to investigate the effect of self-esteem, self-esteem subgroups, childhood traumatic experiences, and impulsivity levels on the risk of intimate partner violence (IPV) among Turkish male perpetrators.
Methods
The study included 154 male perpetrators referred to the domestic violence outpatient clinic by the judicial authorities for IPV. A semi-structured sociodemographic and clinical data form, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE), and the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS) were administered. A face-to-face clinical interview was conducted with each participant by using Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Disorders-Clinician Version (SCID-5-CV).
Results
Perpetrators with a history of witnessing family violence during childhood (χ2: 7.535, df: 2, p = 0.023, Cramer's V: 0.221) and exposure to family violence (χ2: 8.711, df: 2, p = 0.013, Cramer's V: 0.238) had higher risk levels. It was observed that the mean total self-esteem score was higher in the high-risk group (η2 = 0.32, p < 0.001). A positive correlation was found between the cases' mean RSE scores and the mean BIS scores (r = 0.712, p < 0.001). Perpetrators who were distrustful of others (p = 0.001, η2: 0.09) and those who were psychologically isolated (p < 0.001, η2: 0.19) were at high risk of IPV.
Conclusion
We found a strong relationship between self-esteem and its subgroups with IPV risk level and impulsivity among Turkish perpetrators. We believe that examining the self-esteem and impulsive characteristics of perpetrators would be beneficial in combating violence against women.
Modifiable risk factors for dementia and cognitive reserve in early phases of cognitive decline: A data-driven cluster analysis
Authors: Bernini Sara , Valcarenghi Alice , Ballante Elena , Fassio Federico , Picascia Marta , Cavallini Elena , Ramusino Matteo Cotta , Costa Alfredo , Vecchi Tomaso , Tassorelli Cristina , Bottiroli Sara
Published: August 2024

The increasing number of dementia cases has determined a growing interest in prevention, with a specific focus on modifiable risk factors (MRFs). In this context, cognitive reserve (CR) may have a role in moderating the association between pathology and neurological symptoms and in buffering the effects of unhealthy MRFs on the clinical manifestations of dementia. The present study was aimed to cluster sub-groups of patients at risk of cognitive decline based on their MRFs and CR with k-means analysis. As a secondary analysis, we described the identified clusters from different perspectives, i.e., socio-demographic characteristics, cognitive functioning, and mental health. The analysis revealed two clusters, which were composed by 27 and 43 patients characterized by protective (Cluster 1) and unprotective (Cluster 2) everyday life habits, respectively. The two groups differed significantly in all the perspectives we considered, in favour of Cluster 1. Such a finding is representative of a more positive individual wellbeing for people who adopt protective behaviours. In the field of dementia prevention, these results support the importance to intervene proactively and simultaneously in the management of multiple risk factors during the entire lifespan.
Adolescent Psychotic Experiences and Adverse Mental Health Outcomes in Adulthood in a General Population Sample
Authors: Rodriguez Katrina M. , Eaton William W. , Margolis Russell L. , Althoff Keri , Musci Rashelle J.
Published: August 2024

Purpose
This study estimated risk of incident mental disorders in adulthood associated with both transient and persistent adolescent psychotic experiences (PEs).
Methods
A nested case-control design was used within the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), a birth cohort study which recruited expectant mothers from 1991–1992. Participants consisted of 8822 offspring of ALSPAC mothers who completed the Psychosis-like Symptoms Interview Questionnaire (PLIKSi-Q). PEs were assessed using the PLIKSi-Q. Depressive disorders were assessed using the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (SMFQ), anxiety disorders using the General Anxiety Disorder Assessment and the Clinical Interview Schedule-Revised, and psychotic disorder using the PLIKSi. Risk of incident depressive disorder, GAD, psychotic disorder, and past-year suicide attempts were compared amongst participants who had ever versus never reported a PE and those who reported persistent versus transient PEs.
Results
Adolescent PEs were associated with increased risk for incident depressive disorder (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.42, 1.84), GAD (aHR 1.23, 95% CI = 1.03, 1.47), psychotic disorder (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 5.08, 95% CI = 2.02, 12.79), and past-year suicide attempts (aHR = 2.56, 95% CI = 1.97, 3.25). Persistent PEs were associated with increased risk for depressive disorder (aHR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.55, 2.12), generalized anxiety disorder (aHR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.07, 1.68), and psychotic disorder (aOR = 7.39, 95% CI = 2.43, 22.19) but not past-year suicide attempts.
Conclusion
Adolescent PEs are a risk factor for multiple mental disorders and suicide attempts, with persistent PEs conferring greater risk. Identifying interventions for adolescents who report PEs, particularly persistent PEs, could lessen the burden of multiple mental health disorders and suicide attempts.
Vast magenta aurora as revealed by citizen science
Authors: Kataoka Ryuho , Reddy Sachin Alexander , Nakano Shinya , Pettit Joshua , Nakamura Yuki
Published: August 2024

During large geomagnetic storms, red auroras are typically observed from low-latitude countries such as Japan1. The color arises from the specific emission line of Oxygen atoms at high altitudes2,3,4. However, during the May 10-11th 2024 superstorm, magenta auroras were observed above Japan instead of the typical red. In this study, we demonstrate that the magenta hue is created by a mixture of red (O) and a blue (N2+) aurora at extremely high altitudes. The blue color originates from the N2+ first negative emission band caused by both resonant scattering of the upwelling molecular ions5 and heavy particle precipitation during the storm6,7. This study is primarily driven by observations from citizen scientists, and confirmed and quantified with observations from spacecraft and modeling techniques. Additionally, we show that high solar activity, terrestrial season, and the preheating of the atmosphere all contribute to the occurrence of magenta aurora. This study showcases the value and richness of citizen science, and we anticipate that such approaches will become increasingly important in the future.
Content-Based Medical Image Retrieval using Deep Learning and Handcrafted features in Dimensionality Reduction framework
Authors: Singh Mona , Singh Manoj Kumar
Published: August 2024

Content-based medical image retrieval (CBMIR) is an approach utilized for extracting pertinent medical images from extensive databases by focusing on their visual attributes instead of relying on textual information. This method entails examining the visual qualities of medical images, including texture, shape, intensity, and spatial relationships, in order to detect resemblances and patterns. In this study, the analysis focuses on six prominent low-level handcrafted feature techniques and eight transfer learning with pre-trained deep learning models for extracting features for CBMIR systems. Image indexing is crucial in CBMIR systems, particularly with high-dimensional data and the extremely sparse distribution of original data called the 'curse of dimensionality' problem. To address such problem, we use Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) for dimensionality reduction. This experiments are performed on two benchmark datasets: Medical MNIST and KVASIR. For Medical MNIST datasets, handcrafted features are effective for distinct texture characteristics that are easily discernible to the human eye, however deep learning approaches are necessary for datasets with smaller shapes, sizes, and textures, like KVASIR dataset to minimize the semantic gap. The performance of the feature based techniques is evaluated using metrics: Precision, Recall, and F1-score. The handcrafted technique with t-SNE maintains constant performance with maximum 99.89% fewer dimensions compared to the full-featured technique. And with KVASIR dataset, using DCNN architecture with t-SNE, we achieve a maximum dimensionality reduction of 75% while maintaining consistent results.
New Onset Refractory Status Epilepticus Diagnosed in the Second Trimester: A Case Report
Authors: Karadjole Vesna Sokol , AlShaer Dareen , Snelgrove John W. , Carmant Laurence Sophie , Moores Ginette
Published: August 2024

Background
New-onset refractory status epilepticus (NORSE) is a rare severe clinical condition in which a patient without a previous history of epilepsy presents with refractory status epilepticus (RSE) of no identifiable underlying cause. Health care providers face the clinical dilemma of minimizing teratogenic effects of antiseizure medication (ASM) while rapidly trying to attain seizure control. There is paucity of data regarding incidence, etiology, and treatment of NORSE in the pregnant population.
Case presentation
We report a case of 22-year-old women who presented with NORSE at 19 weeks of gestation after recurrent episodes of tonic-clonic seizure of unclear onset. Treatment was started with polytherapy regimen of Levetiracetam, Oxcarbazepine and Lacosamide which was progressively expanded to 2 more antiepileptics, Clobazam and Lamotrigine. The status epilepticus was super refractory, and she underwent intubation and sedation with Propofol and Midazolam. The patient was extubated after reaching seizure free status. After another breakthrough tonic-clonic seizure, she had suicide attempt and levetiracetam was changed to brivaracetam. Monthly growth scans indicated appropriate fetal growth and biophysical profile.
Patient had an uncomplicated induction of labor at term and delivered a healthy neonate. Postpartum recovery was uneventful, and the neonate did not manifest neonatal sedation or withdrawal.
Conclusion
This case is the first to describe a pregnant individual with NORSE diagnosed in the second trimester, resulting in the delivery of a healthy term neonate. Management of NORSE in pregnancy is challenging and requires a multidisciplinary approach involving obstetricians, neurologists, intensivists, and neonatologists. Treatment must balance the need to control seizures with minimizing risks to both the mother and the fetus.
Operando multi-edge XAS to unlock the effect of Co in Li- and Mn-rich NMC Li-ion cathodes
Authors: Simonelli Laura , Usoltsev Oleg , Ali Shehab , Sorrentino Andrea , Kuenzel Matthias , Bresser Dominic , Choi Hyeongseon , Passerini Stefano , Tonti Dino
Published: August 2024

Thanks to their high voltage and delivered capacity, Li-rich transition metal (TM) oxide positive electrode (cathode) materials are among the most promising for next-generation lithium-ion-batteries, where Co-free Li-rich cathodes join reduced costs with competitive performance. However, their cycle-life remains limited, and the individual role of TMs is still not fully understood. The investigation of the TM chemical species’ evolution along the first charge for Li1.2Mn0.56Ni0.16Co0.08O2 and Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.2O2 has been accessed by means of operando multi edge XAS. The charge compensation mechanism has been studied and the effect induced by removing Co has been revealed. The absence of Co results in an accelerated and completed Ni oxidation along the first stage of charge and an inhibited formation of the undesired spinel phase and oxygen release at the end of the high voltage plateau. Interestingly, the oxygen release in the Co-containing material involves mainly the oxygen close to the Mn site and occurs while local structural interlayer re-arrangements are taking place.
CULINARY ACTIVITY AT THE CENTER OF THE TRILOGY
Authors:   Maitre de Conferences des Universitesen Sociologie du Travail et des Organisations, Enseignant Chercheur au Departement de Sociologie-Anthropologie., B. Jaures Kouin
Published: August 2024

This article proceeds from a survey which aims to examine the social dynamics which structure the cooking activity in the socio-cultural area of Agonlin in the center-east of Benin and to bring out the trilogical relationship where the cultural, the vital and the economic are interrelated. Traditionally, cooking is a cultural activity that structurally differentiates communities through symbolic food offers which respond to social, spatial, temporal, and biological norms. It is at the center of other activities for which the purpose is to obtain food and integrates the system of values by ensuring the functions of medicalization and structuring of social relations. The socioculturality of cooking shapes the diet and constructs the social and cultural identities of this communitys members. With socio-economic changes, homo oeconomicus has rationally removed the cultural and spatial barriers of cooking, making it an activity of production of goods and services for commercial purposes where dishes are now monetized. We are witnessing a patrimonialization of traditional foods which positions the culinary activity in an economic sphere. This monetization of the culinary offer has impacted the societys way of life.
Análisis sociolingüístico del discurso académico argumentativo: un enfoque metodológico desde la lingüística de corpus
Authors: Vargas Cáceres Karime
Published: August 2024

Este artículo muestra cómo se llevó a cabo el proceso de recolección y análisis sociolingüístico de un corpus de lengua escrita en un ambiente académico universitario. Se tienen en cuenta variables como el estrato, el género y la edad, el índice de nebulosidad, la densidad léxica y la fuerza argumentativa. Para la recopilación de información, se solicitó la redacción de un texto argumentativo a partir de una pregunta genérica alrededor de la situación de profesionalización docente; También, se implementó un cuestionario sociocultural. Los datos se analizaron bajo un enfoque mixto de investigación. La caracterización del corpus y análisis se hizo mediante los programas WordSmith Tools, TermoStat Web 3.0 y SPSS. Los resultados permitieron consolidar el corpus de análisis de un trabajo doctoral y explicar vínculos sociales y textuales en la producción de textos argumentativos. Aunque las variables sociales no influyeron significativamente en los resultados, el tiempo de escritura sí. Este estudio hace énfasis en la necesidad de tener en cuenta las variables sociales en la producción de textos en la universidad para generar alternativas que contribuyan a orientar estas prácticas escriturales.
Editorial
Authors: Cicogna María Paula , Blanco Rangel Ibelis C
Published: August 2024

En el número 1 del volumen 10 de la Revista Internacional de Cooperación y Desarrollo se presentan dos bloques temáticos que un común denominador: la Agenda 2030. El primero, relacionado con las instituciones y normativas que pueden mitigar los efectos del cambio climático y, el segundo, sobre el desarrollo económico y la cooperación internacional, tanto desde la perspectiva financiera, como desde la gestión de proyectos. En este número nos acompañan autores iberoamericanos que, desde su quehacer, comparten sus investigaciones y elementos para debatir entre la comunidad académica. Una de las consecuencias “favorables” de la pandemia fue que quienes toman decisiones en los distintos Estados, aprobaron normativas y lineamientos enfocados en las diferentes medidas necesarias para reducir los efectos del cambio climático. En 2022 se reconoció como un derecho universal el derecho a un ambiente sano (ONU, 2022), en 2021 la Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos aprobó la Resolución, 3/2021 donde reconoce la emergencia climática y la imperante necesidad de que los gobiernos de la región diseñen e implementen políticas climáticas con enfoque de derechos, género e interseccional (CIDH, 2021), y en ese mismo año entró en vigor el Acuerdo de Escazú, primer acuerdo regional que permite, entre otros de sus objetivos, brindar protección a las y los defensoras del ambiente, quienes corren peligro constante.
XXVI Encuentro Nacional de Investigación
Authors:   Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, Meneses Requena Yorlandys Estiria
Published: August 2024

Presentar a la comunidad universitaria amigoniana la versión actual de la serie de eventos de investigación, innovación y tecnologías que ha tenido la Universidad por años, es un gran acierto, dado que retornamos a la visión estética —no de formas— que traen la ciencia, la cultura, las artes, la innovación y la tecnología. Hablamos entonces de un pluralismo científico que favorece la condición humana, lo sensible, la consciencia. En este certamen buscamos también rescatar cualquier memoria metodológica, procedimental o de trabajo que la Universidad haya logrado con sus impactos sociales, culturales, científicos y artísticos alcanzados en estos 39 años de existencia en la tierra y aporte a las sociedades, los territorios y los seres humanos que integran estos contextos.
Astronomical researches at the mathematical faculty of the St. Petersburg University. I
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Prokopjeva Marina S. , Krayani Hussein A. ,   St. Petersburg State University,   St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Il’in Vladimir B. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: August 2024

The progress of astronomical researches performed within the St. Petersburg University since its foundation is reviewed. The topics of the works of University astronomers in the 18th-19th centuries are briefly described and their main achievements are highlighted. The most important studies made in various fields of astronomy in the University in 20th century are outlined. An accent is made on the mathematical aspects.
Solution of the local boundary problem for nonlinear stationary system with account of the computer systems verification
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Kvitko Aleksandr N. , Litvinov Nikolay N. ,   St. Petersburg State University
Published: August 2024

In the article an algorithm of construction of the control function that garantees the translation of nonlinear stationary system of the ordinary differential equations from initial state to origin of the coordinate system with account of the possibility of the onboard computer systems verification is suggested. A constructive sufficient conditions that garafntee an existence of the problem solution are found. An efficiency of the algorithm is shown by numerical modelling of the specific practical problem.
Extremal problems of Tur´an-type involving the location of all zeros of a class of rational functions
Authors:   Central University of Kashmir, Mir Mohammad Yu. , Wali Shah L. ,   Central University of Kashmir, Shah Wali M. ,   Central University of Kashmir
Published: August 2024

In this paper, we prove a Tur´an-type inequality for rational functions and thereby extend it to a more general class of rational functions r(s(z)) of degree mn with prescribed poles, where s(z) is a polynomial of degree m. These results not only generalize some Tur´antype inequalities for rational functions, but also improve as well as generalize some known polynomial inequalities.
On the approximation of the field of attraction of a rigid body by the field of attraction of four material points of the same mass
Authors:   Federal Research Center “Computing Science and Control” of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Burov Alexander A. , Nikonova Ekaterina A. ,   Federal Research Center “Computing Science and Control” of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Nikonov Vasily I. ,   Federal Research Center “Computing Science and Control” of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2024

The problem of approximation of the gravitational potential of a rigid body by the potential of a system of four identical point masses is studied. Considering the potential in the form of expansion by a parameter characterizing the ratio of the mean body size to the distance to the test point of space, an approach is proposed to construct an approximate expression up to the terms of the third order of smallness. This approach is used to construct a model of the field of attraction for the comet nucleus (67P)Churyumov - Gerasimenko.