bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE POST TRANSFIXED IN THE CORONAL CAVITY INCREASES THE FRACTURE RESISTANCE OF WEAKENED AND DIRECTLY RESTORED TEETH? A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW.
Authors: Neves Portugal Bruna , Mallmann Weschenfelder Vanessa , Henrique Burnett Junior Luiz , André Fontoura de Melo Tiago
Published: April 2023

Introduction: The objective of this systematic review was to answer the question: Does the intraradicular post transfixed in the dental crown increases the fracture resistance of weakened and directly restored teeth? Methods: Electronic databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, LILACS, SCOPUS, EMBASE, Scientific Electronic Library Online - SCIELO, and Central Register of Controlled Trials - CENTRAL) were searched until March 2021, without language or year restriction. Grey literature was also searched through Google scholar and OpenGrey repository. Only in vitro stud-ies were included that evaluated the influence of the use of intraradicular post trans-fixed in the crown in the buccopalatal/lingual direction in the fracture resistance of the dental crown. Relevant results were summarized and evaluated. The risk of bias was also assessed in the studies. Results: Initial screening of databases resulted in 249 studies, of which 109 were excluded for being duplicates. Of 140 eligible pa-pers, fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were selected for full-text read-ing. Of these, two studies were excluded for not having access to the full article. All selected articles were classified as low risk of bias. Conclusion: Based on the studies, it is possible to conclude that the use of a transfixed post in the crown increases the fracture resistance of weakened and directly restored teeth.
Bakery and Confectionery Technology
Authors: Bashir Khalid , Jan Kulsum , Jan Shumaila , Habib Mehvish
Published: April 2023

"This book “Bakery and Confectionery Technology” gives a concise explanation of the principles, science, methods and processes involved in the development of various bakery products. The book aims to introduce students and professionals to basic as well as advanced topics on baking science and technology. The book covers wealth of information regarding the status of bakery industry, quality parameters of bakery and confectionery ingredients, chemistry of dough development, technology for manufacture of yeast-made products-bread, cakes, biscuits, desserts and pizza. This book provides information with respect to the standards and regulations of Bakery and Confectionery Products and also discusses the use of modern technological machineries for bakery production, icings and decoration. This book is designed for undergraduate and postgraduate students pursuing courses in Food Technology and allied fields. Besides, the book can serve as a guide for home and industrial bakers as well as those engaged in the profession. The book will also be beneficial for technical professional working in flour milling and bakery industry which is one of the largest organized sectors in the Indian food industry."
Canopy Management of Fruits, 2nd Fully Revised and Enlarged Edition
Authors: Srivastava K. K.
Published: April 2023

"The 2nd revised edition of the book comprises of details on principle of canopy management on hormonal aspects, impact of light interception, pruning physiology, source-sink relationship, physiology of tree architecture development, different type of tree shapes, intensive orcharding system advantages and its limitations, modern aspects of efficient canopy development and management under high density planting system, influence of different kinds of rootstocks on canopy development and management, branch angle manipulation for vigour control, effect of plant growth regulators and nutrition on canopy development and management. Efficient grape architecture development and management for high quality fruit production. The new and revised edition shall be helpful to the researchers, extension functionaries, officers of the line department, students preparing for competitive examinations and ultimately farmers."
MCQ's on Horticulture
Authors: Vanangamudi K.
Published: April 2023

"This book â€œMCQ's On Horticultureâ€ is a bloom of strenuous effort for the adoration of students, graduates and faculties of Horticulture. It consists of eleven units which includes Fundamentals of Horticulture, Growth and Development of Horticultural Crops, Propagation of Horticultural Crops, Management Techniques for Horticultural Crops, Production Technologies of Fruits, Vegetables, Spices, Condiments, Plantation Crops, Medicinal and Aromatic Crops, Floriculture and Landscape architecture, Post-harvest management of Horticultural crops and Breeding of Horticultural Crops. Each unit has different chapters embodied according to the respective course contents of ICAR UG and PG syllabi. This compilation of Multiple Choice Questions is highly useful for preparation of Civil Services (UPSC) exams, State Public Service Commission examinations of different States, Forestry examinations, Bank examinations, ICAR â€“ AIEEA for JRF and SRF, ARS, ICAR-NET, M.Sc., and Ph.D entrance exams of IARI, SAU's, BHU etc., and all other competitive examinations."
Methodological guidelines for conceptual divergence of bioterrorism, agroterrorism, biosecurity and agrosecurity
Authors: Mijalković Saša , Bajagić Mladen
Published: April 2023

Due to the possible misuse of weapons of mass destruction (nuclear, chemical, biological, radiological), terrorism has acquired the attributes of a modern global threat - "megaterrorism". Among the potential unwanted scenarios, one of the most realistic is bioterrorism, because biological weapons are the easiest to produce and misuse. At the same time, one of the most realistic scenarios of bioterrorism is agroterrorism, conducted through the misuse of pathogenic microorganisms, toxins and their carriers to intentionally cause infectious diseases and mortality in humans, animals and plants, by polluting agricultural resources, water and food for humans and animals, and by more permanent pollution of the environment. Because of the realistic and possible consequences of "bio-agro-terrorism", a discourse of biosecurity and bioprotection/biodefense has been developed in the theory and practice of security, aimed at protecting the economy, the environment and the health of people and other living beings from diseases and bioterrorism, and within it agrosecurity, which aims at protecting agricultural and food resources from agro-terrorism and its harmful consequences. The Republic of Serbia also tries to follow these trends, which, among other things, includes the implementation of the laws and strategies on food safety. As it is a new multidisciplinary approach in security, numerous conceptual and terminological divergences and convergences around its concept are evident, so the aim of this paper is to differentiate the concepts of bioterrorism, agroterrorism, biosecurity and agrosecurity.
Application of artificial intelligence in the banking sector
Authors: Buha Vesna , Bjegović Miroslav
Published: April 2023

Artificial intelligence has been attracting the attention of the scientific and professional public for decades. Today, in the digital age, it is more and more present in business and projects. The creation and implementation, but also the use of innovations created as a result of working with artificial intelligence, requires a multidisciplinary approach. One such innovation is REA Raiffeisen Bank's Electronic Assistant. REA has been created on the Weaver platform and uses certain artificial intelligence-based solutions, participating in the service business and communicating in a manner that respects the key points of the same. Simple and communicative for the user, REA is an example of the complexity that is a prerequisite for its creation and implementation. Therefore, this set of knowledge and skills, as well as the final outcomes of work on this project, are the inspiration both for work on such and similar innovations, and on the effects that can be monitored by research. Analyses show that business communication is dominated by telephone conversation, e-mail, website, while the Chatbot's share in business communication shows a score of 15%. The Chatbot is expected to be used in emergencies, when quick responses are needed: in resolving complaints, getting comprehensive answers, finding assistants to help people, booking hotels or restaurants, paying bills, etc. Although only partly present (15%), the Chatbot managed to attract the attention of the business public. The mentioned case study and desk analysis applied in this paper offer arguments which prove that the use of innovative systems in banking, based on artificial intelligence, is justified. Cyber security (trust) is the basic support in preserving privacy of the actors operating in that environment. Since security is the basic support for an innovative approach, the paper discusses the ISO 27001 international standard for the protection and security of information, which implements the Information Security Management System.
Sustainability of fiscal framework and economic growth in Serbia
Authors: Ranđelović Saša
Published: April 2023

In the last three years, Serbia led a very expansionary fiscal policy, with a fiscal deficit higher than the average of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) 1 and the Western Balkans 2 . This led to a significant rise in public debt in absolute terms, while public debt-to-GDP ratio increased only slightly, due to the currency structure of debt, the unchanged exchange rate of the dinar against the Euro, and high inflation. At the end of 2022, Serbia was the European median in terms of public debt, although the debt was above the average of comparable CEE countries. Despite the moderate level of debt, public interest expenditures and the effective interest rate on Serbia's public debt are relatively high in European terms, which is a consequence of the fact that financial markets in less developed countries see the limit of sustainability of public finances at a lower level of indebtedness than in developed countries. Tightening of monetary policy in the world will trigger the further increase of government spending on interest, which may crowd-out more productive public expenditures or narrow the room for tax cuts, which is why it is especially important to keep the public debt at a lower level in the coming period. At the end of 2022, Serbia implemented a fundamental reform of fiscal rules. The advantage of the new fiscal rules is reflected in a lower deficit target and a more detailed elaboration of the government's response mechanisms to violations of the rules. Raising the public debt ceiling to the upper limit of the prohibitive zone, the elimination of countercyclical elements in the deficit rule and the absence of clear escape clauses for periods of crisis may pose a limitation. The new fiscal rules could contribute to the sustainability of Serbia's fiscal policy, provided that their consistent and continuous application is ensured.
Competitiveness and sustainability in small and open economies in the age of industry 5.0
Authors: Kolaro Klod , Pitić Goran , Vlačić Ernest , Milosavljević Uroš
Published: April 2023

We are living in the times of the fourth industrial revolution, which is quickly accelerating towards the fifth, which assumes that our civilization, in addition to exponential technological development, is already transforming itself through a green and human-oriented transition. In such uncertain and challenging times, the circular economy model is emerging as one of the leading economic concepts which both nations and economic blocks will focus on because it encompasses all contemporary trends of humanity, namely the care for the environment and the planet earth, the proliferation of the state-of-the-art technologies and human-centric development approach. In such global economic tendencies, the question arises as to how small and open economies should strategically position themselves in order to strengthen the competitive edge of their firms on the one hand and at the same time strengthen their own national competitiveness. This paper explores the possibilities of using the latest technologies, foremost Industry 5.0, to develop new innovative business models within the circular economy, with a special emphasis on the energy sector. The authors conclude that the use of Industry 5.0 technology is not only preferable as one of the competitiveness boosters for firms, but represents one of the must-have key success factors, especially when competing in niche segments.
Organic food: Pro et contra
Authors: Ristić Nebojša , Malićević Sead
Published: April 2023

Based on all available information, there has been a great expansion of organic food production and sale, both globally and in Serbia. It is estimated that this expansion results from buyers' belief that organic food is tastier and/or healthier, more nutritious, that it contains less pesticides, preservatives, additives, thaat it does not contain any genetically modified components, etc. However, which of these beliefs are facts, and which are misconceptions? In the absence of studies dealing with the issue of organic food in Serbia, we rely on the results of studies conducted in the world, primarily in countries where the production and sale of organic food has a decades-long tradition. Most studies covered by this review refer to the presence of pesticides in organic food and they all unequivocally established that organic food contains significantly lower amounts of pesticides than conventionally produced food. In terms of other aspects of health safety, it was found that organic food has significantly lower values or absence of antibiotics, growth hormones and factors, genetically modified components as well as artificial preservatives and additives. Some of the research that was conducted to confirm the claim that organic food is more nutritious than conventionally produced food, established that some foods have more vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. However, numerous studies did not confirm these conclusions, but rather found that there is no significant difference between the content of the mentioned ingredients in organic and conventional food. Which of the above is true will be confirmed by some future, fully objective studies.
Effects of digital marketing implementation from the customer's perspective in companies of the textile and clothing industry
Authors: Dimitrijević Dragan , Adamović Živoslav
Published: April 2023

Being competitive today means, above all, increasing investment in research and fast and efficient implementation of new technologies (primarily ICT), which enable the automation of business processes and the reduction of total costs, as well as new products and new markets, along with the optimization of business processes and rationalization of costs. Otherwise, by implementing innovative ICT systems and e-business models, whose infrastructure is based on the implementation of ICT or internet technologies (web, cloud computing, internet of things, big data, ubiquitous computing, etc.), companies can achieve a significant competitive advantage and take the lead market positions. This means that e-business has a positive effect on the development of entrepreneurship, while from the customer's point of view it enables more efficient business, easier shopping and communication with sellers and service providers (regardless of time, place or context). One of the segments of efficient e-business and strengthening concurrency is the accelerated, high-quality and efficient implementation of information systems - IS, primarily production (CAD and CAM), but also service, such as IS marketing, sales or supply. The influence and effects of digital marketing have a double effect, so they are generally treated as dual in nature or two-way, and relevant research into the importance of digital marketing in the efficient operations of companies, implies an in-depth situational analysis from two aspects - from the aspect of the producer or service provider and from the aspect of the user or consumer.The work is an explanation of the types, ways and effects of the implementation of the digital marketing system, as well as its possibilities, advantages and disadvantages in the business of textile and clothing industry companies, but also an explanation of the analytical-synthetic perception through the prism of the results of the survey on digital marketing from the customer's point of view.
Visit of King Peter I Karađorđević to Constantinople in 1910
Authors: Zarković Vesna
Published: April 2023

The visit of King Petar I Karađorđević to the Turkish sultan is one of the eight visits in modern Serbian history. Seven meetings of Serbian rulers with sultans took place in Constantinople, except for one that took place in Bulgaria. In the visits made before 1878, the Serbian rulers went as vassals. The meeting between the Serbian king and Sultan Mehmed V Rešad in 1910 was the third in a row since Serbia became an independent state. King Petar I Karađorđević spent the second half of March and the first half of April 1910 travelling. First, he visited Russia, then Constantinople, Mount Athos, and finally Thessaloniki. The trip lasted a little over 24 days, six of which he spent in Constantinople. The Serbian delegation led by the king was warmly received by the sultan, the common people, and the Christian population living in the Turkish capital. Upon their return, the members of the delegation were convinced that Turkey would remain on the path of improving Serbian-Turkish relations, friendly agreement, and strengthening of economic relations. This intention was highlighted in the official statement of the Porte published on the occasion of the visit of the Serbian king. In the announcement, it was expressly emphasized that a complete agreement was reached at the conferences of the foreign ministers of the two countries and that the Turkish side will grant Serbian wishes for strengthening economic and trade relations. It was of great importance for the Kingdom of Serbia to remove the obstacles that existed until that time regarding the construction of the Adriatic railway. In addition, practical results were achieved because Turkish officials expressed their readiness for the greatest possible benefits that would contribute to the export of Serbian goods through Thessaloniki. The visit to Constantinople brought success in the issues regarding religion as well, because after four years of resistance, the Patriarchate and the Synod, just before the king's arrival, accepted the election of the Serb Varnava Rosić as bishop of the Veles-Debar eparchy. The meeting of the two rulers received great attention in the diplomatic circles of European countries, especially Austria-Hungary. The relations between Serbia and the Ottoman Empire, apart from the economic aspect, soon fell into the shadows due to the Albanian riots and rebellions that engulfed the entire Kosovo vilayet. In that case too, the Serbian state tried not to interfere in Turkey's internal affairs.
Attitudes of parents of children with typical development towards inclusion of children with developmental disabilities in primary schools in the municipality of Gračanica
Authors: Kompirović Tatjana , Radojević Tatjana , Pavlović Marija
Published: April 2023

The paper discusses the basic constructive and pedagogical aspects related to the attitudes of parents of children with typical development towards inclusion and the importance of including children with developmental disabilities in the regular education system. Inclusion is a process that promotes universal acceptance and a sense of belonging for all students, not just the physical inclusion of children with disabilities in the regular education system. In order for a child with developmental disabilities to be included in the regular education system as successfully as possible, synchronized cooperation between the school, on the one hand, and the parents of children with developmental disabilities and the parents of children with typical development, on the other hand, is necessary. Taking this into account, the importance of the attitudes of parents of typically developing children towards inclusion is clear. Accordingly, the aim of the paper was to theoretically and empirically determine and explain the attitudes of parents of children with typical development towards inclusion and the importance of including children with developmental disabilities in the regular education system. The research sample consisted of parents of children with typical development (N = 205) from Kosovo and Metohija, specifically the municipality of Gračanica. The data were processed with descriptive statistics, based on the questionnaire which was constructed for the purposes of the research. The results of the research show that in the examined sample of parents of children with typical development, there are two polarities of attitudes towards inclusion and the inclusion of children with developmental disabilities in regular education, which shows that it is necessary to constantly work on raising awareness of public opinion about the importance of inclusion and its importance for all children, but also on ensuring and improving the conditions for its full implementation.
Achieving Equity in Asian American Healthcare: Critical Issues and Solutions
Authors: Obra Jed , Lin Dr. Bryant , Đoàn Dr. Lan N. , Palaniappan Dr. Latha , Srinivasan Dr. Malathi
Published: April 2023

In this manuscript, we discuss critical health outcome differences between the 6 major Asian American subgroups (Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese) and highlight the critical issues that contribute to the Asian American health disparity gap. We also propose approaches to address these critical issues, with approaches shown effective in other populations.By considering these approaches, we hope that stakeholders of Asian American health outcomes can steer current health research agendas and efforts towards improving Asian health equity.
L’espace-temps de l’accompagnement chez la médecin-écrivaine Ouanessa Younsi
Authors: Robu Cristina
Published: April 2023

L’espace-temps, ou le chronotope, est un élément constitutif de toute narration, mais il sert aussi de cadre dialectique dans les rencontres cliniques. Le « chronotope du soin » et le « chronotope du·de la patient e » illustrent cette dichotomie alors que, dans la littérature du care, cette dyade est généralement déconstruite et dépassée en laissant entrevoir les complexités et les enchevêtrements des expériences spatiotemporelles. Avec sa double formation – médecine et littérature – Ouanessa Younsi réfléchit sur l’espace-temps de la maladie depuis ces deux versants dans son texte Soigner, aimer (2016). Cet article explore l’espace-temps vécu et narré en utilisant le concept de chronotope afin de montrer comment les langages, à la fois médical et poétique, construisent, définissent et transcendent les positions du·de la médecin et du·de la patient·e en exposant leurs connexions et limites. Nous montrerons comment l’écrivaine arrive à créer une nouvelle forme chronotopique que nous nommons le « chronotope de l’accompagnement ». Nous verrons les processus et les éléments qui structurent cet espace-temps particulier, qui change le rapport médical à l’« autre » en le rendant horizontal, multiple et non-linéaire.
Refuser de marcher à la queue leu leu : féérie yvonienne dans Querelle de Roberval de Kevin Lambert
Authors: Veilleux Laurence
Published: April 2023

Kevin Lambert explore l’ambivalence entre le soin et la violence dans Querelle de Roberval (2018), une fiction syndicale qui, progressivement, se transforme en fantaisie brutale. Querelle, héros du roman, est inspiré par le séduisant marin éponyme du drame Querelle de Brest de Jean Genet (1947). Lorsqu’une tablée de corsaires l’ensorcelle, c’est une autre figure littéraire qui émerge chez le personnage, celle de Josée Yvon, grande fée des étoiles ravagée. C’est cette transfiguration de la fée opérée par Lambert qui est analysée dans le présent article, à l’aune de l’oeuvre yvonienne et des théories queer.
Mechanical and thermal properties of phosphorene under shear deformation
Authors: Li Ting , Bi Xiao-Yue , Kong Jing-Wen ,   School of Physics and Electronic Technology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China
Published: April 2023

Phosphorene, a new two-dimensional material beyond graphene, has received increasing attention in recent years owing to its superior physical properties of significant utility. Herein we carry out molecular dynamics simulations to systematically study the mechanical and thermal properties of phosphorene under shear loadings. It is found that the shear modulus of phosphorene is about 22 GPa in both the armchair direction and zigzag direction. The fracture strength and ultimate strain of phosphorene can be significantly reduced owing to stronger thermal vibrations of atoms at a higher temperature. The thermal conductivity of pristine phosphorene at room temperature is obtained, specifically, it is 18.57 W·m–1·K–1 along the armchair direction and 52.52 W·m–1·K–1 in the zigzag direction. When either an armchair- or a zigzag-oriented shear strain is applied, the armchair-oriented thermal conductivity decreases monotonically with the strain increasing. Whereas the zigzag-oriented thermal conductivity exhibits a non-monotonic behavior. The strain-induced redshift occurs in the high-frequency phonons of out-of-plane flexural modes in the phonon density of states of the sheared phosphorene. In addition, the buckled structure of phosphorene will lead the deformation characteristics under the shear strain differ from those of the planar structure such as graphene, which has a significant influence on the lattice anharmonicity and phonon scattering. It is believed that the interplay between the shift of phonon density of states and the change of phonon scattering channels results in the unique thermal transport behavior of phosphorene under shear deformation. The findings provide an insight into the understanding of the mechanical and thermal properties of phosphorene, and have significance for the future applications in phosphorene-based novel devices.
Particle contamination simulation of Einstein probe follow-up X-ray telescope focusing mirror
Authors: Lü Zhong-Hua , Yang Yan-Ji , Zhu Yu-Xuan , Zhao Xiao-Fan , Yang Xiong-Tao , Chen Yong ,   Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics, The Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China,   University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Published: April 2023

Particle contamination can greatly affect the performance of X-ray focusing mirror. In this paper, we analyze the influence of particle contamination on X-ray focusing mirror. The model of interaction between contaminant particles and incident light is established from Mie scattering theory in the wavelength range of X-ray. And the relationship between them is mainly influenced by the complex refractive index of the particles \begin{document}$m$\end{document} and the scale factor \begin{document}$\alpha$\end{document}. Therefore, the reaction cross section and scattering function of particle contamination are calculated. Then, in order to obtain the effect of particle contamination on Einstein probe follow-up X-ray telescope (EP-FXT) focusing mirror, we carry out Monte Carlo simulation based on the design parameters of EP-FXT focusing mirror. Finally, the relationships among effective area, HEW, W90 and particle contamination density are calculated to characterize the influence of particle contamination on the performance of the focusing mirror. In this paper, structural and thermal model (STM) and qualification model (QM) are simulated simultaneously to make full use of their test data. By comparing the simulation results of STM effective area with the measured results, we find that the simulation results of STM effective area are accurate. When the EP-FXT is in orbit (the contamination amount is limited to less than 1.1 × 10–3), the effective area and angle resolution (HEW) meet the development requirements of EP-FXT. For the simulation of HEW, both QM and STM are in good agreement with the test results. The simulation results of HEW and effective area can be used to quantitatively analyze the effect of particle contamination on the performance of the focusing mirror. These quantitative analysis results provide a theoretical basis for the contamination prevention requirements of EP-FXT.
East Timor as an important source of cashew (Anacardium occidentaleL.) genetic diversity
Authors: Guterres Lara , Barnabé João , Barros André , Charrua Alberto Bento , Duarte Maria Cristina , Romeiras Maria M. , Monteiro Filipa
Published: April 2023

Background

Cashew (Anacardium occidentaleL.) is a crop currently grown in several tropical countries because of the economic importance of cashew nuts. Despite its enormous economic worth, limited research has been conducted on the molecular diversity of cashew genetic resources. In this study, a wide comprehensive assessment of the genetic diversity of cashew trees in East Timor was performed using microsatellites (SSRs) to evaluate intraspecific diversity and population structuring.

Methods

A total of 207 individual cashew trees, including trees from East Timor (11), and outgroup populations from Indonesia (one) and Mozambique (two), were analyzed with 16 cashew-specific SSRs. A comprehensive sampling of cashew trees within East Timor was performed, covering the distribution of cashew orchards in the country. Genetic diversity indices were calculated, and population structuring was determined using three different approaches: genetic distances (UPGMA and NJ), AMOVA, and individual-based clustering methods through Bayesian (STRUCTURE) and multivariate (DAPC) analyses.

Results

The population structuring analysis revealed that the genetic diversity of cashew populations in East Timor was higher in this study than previously reported for cashew trees. A higher allelic richness was found within cashew populations in East Timor compared with the outgroup populations (Mozambique and Indonesia), reinforced by the presence of private alleles. Moreover, our study showed that cashew populations in East Timor are grouped into two dissimilar genetic groups, which may suggest multiple cashew introductions over time. These new cashew genetic resources could be explored for future crop improvement.

Conclusions

Crop diversity underpins the productivity, resilience, and adaptive capacity of agriculture. Therefore, this study provides useful information regarding genetic diversity and population structure that can be harnessed to improve cashew production in East Timor. This data is also important to creating a country-specific genetic cashew signature to increase cashew market value.
Mapping the global distribution of invasive pest Drosophila suzukii and parasitoid Leptopilina japonica: implications for biological control
Authors: Nair Rahul R. , Peterson A. Townsend
Published: April 2023

Insect pest invasions cause significant damage to crop yields, and the resultant economic losses are truly alarming. Climate change and trade liberalization have opened new ways of pest invasions. Given the consumer preference towards organic agricultural products and environment-friendly nature of natural pest control strategies, biological control is considered to be one of the potential options for managing invasive insect pests. Drosophila suzukii (Drosophilidae) is an extremely damaging fruit pest, demanding development of effective and sustainable biological control strategies. In this study, we assessed the potential of the parasitoid Leptopilina japonica (Figitidae) as a biocontrol agent for D. suzukii using ecological niche modeling approaches. We developed global-scale models for both pest and parasitoid to identify four components necessary to derive a niche based, target oriented prioritization approach to plan biological control programs for D. suzukii: (i) potential distribution of pest D. suzukii, (ii) potential distribution of parasitoid L. japonica, (iii) the degree of overlap in potential distributions of pest and parasitoid, and (iv) biocontrol potential of this system for each country. Overlapping suitable areas of pest and parasitoid were identified at two different thresholds and at the most desirable threshold (E = 5%), potential for L. japonica mediated biocontrol management existed in 125 countries covering 1.87 × 107 km2, and at the maximum permitted threshold (E = 10%), land coverage was reduced to 1.44 × 107 km2 in 121 countries. Fly pest distributional information as a predictor variable was not found to be improving parasitoid model performance, and globally, only in half of the countries, >50% biocontrol coverage was estimated. We therefore suggest that niche specificities of both pest and parasitoid must be included in site-specific release planning of L. japonica for effective biocontrol management aimed at D. suzukii. This study can be extended to design cost-effective pre-assessment strategies for implementing any biological control management program.
Clinical Profile of Dengue Fever and its Utility in Early Prediction of Severe Dengue Among Children Less than 18 Years at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Northern India
Authors: Chib Rohit , Singh Sudesh , Devi Manju , Saqib Najmus
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Dengue is the emerging mosquito-borne infectious disease in India. Dengue is endemic in many countries across the world. Dengue is one of the major causes of paediatric morbidity and mortality and clinical profile of dengue patients change from time to time and region to region. The elucidation of the clinical profile is very important for patient management and saving lives. Aim: To assess the clinical profile of Dengue Fever (DF) and its utility in early prediction of severe dengue among children 0 to 18 years according to National Guidelines for Clinical Management of DF 2014 at a tertiary care hospital, in Northern India. Materials and Methods: This was an observational study done at GMC Kathua, Northern India from 1st June 2021 to 30th November 2021. All the clinically suspected patients of dengue in the age group 0 to 18 years were subjected to NS1 antigen and Immunoglobulin M (IgM), Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody tests, all patients positive for these were considered as confirmed dengue patients and were included into the study. Parameters studied were the clinical profile of DF and its utility in prediction of severe dengue. Data was analysed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 28.0.1.0 (142) and different groups were compared by using the Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression. The p-value<0.05 was considered significant. Results: Out of the total 640 febrile patients, 71 (11.1%) were positive for dengue and were enrolled in the study. NS1 was positive in 67.6%, IgM in 56.33% and IgG (along with NS1 or IgM or both) in 32.4%. Flushed facies at 81.6% was the most common clinical finding followed by myalgia 74.6%, headache 73.2%, facial puffiness 66.2%, vomiting 54.9%, rash 50.7%, arthralgia 33.8% and retro-orbital pain in 16.9%. The total number of patients with co-morbidities was 7 (9.9%). Patients with warning signs having hepatomegaly ≥2 cm Below Costal Margin (BCM) were 49.3%, followed by recurrent vomiting 38%, pain abdomen 38%, restlessness 33.8%, minor bleeding 28.2% and lethargy 23%. Signs of cardiovascular collapse were cold calamities 26.7% followed by shock 23.9% and narrow pulse pressure <20 mmHg 12.6%. The metabolic disturbance was seen in 12 (16.9%) patients and severe organ involvement in 11 (15.5%). The tourniquet test was positive for 52.1%. A whole blood transfusion was given to eight patients. Only one patient expired with total mortality of 1.4%. Conclusion: Vomiting and myalgia were found to be statistically significant for early prediction of severe dengue, which may help in early initiation of treatment and decrease both morbidity and mortality. Patients presenting with atypical manifestations of severe organ involvement were also included under the severe dengue category, which was not possible according to previous guidelines.
Comparative Analysis between Reid’s Colposcopic Index and Swede’s Score for Detection of Premalignant Lesions of Cervix: A Prospective Study
Authors: Pandey Smriti , Saini Vandana , Kalra Keya
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Colposcopy is an effective tool to detect premalignant lesions of the cervix. It is an observer-dependent technique; hence, various colposcopic-based scoring systems have been employed to minimise interobserver variations. Aim: To compare Reid’s Colposcopic Index (RCI) and Swede’s score for the detection of premalignant lesions of the cervix and compare it with colposcopic directed biopsy and histopathology. Materials and Methods: In this prospective observational study conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Delhi, India, between August 2019 to April 2020, 100 women of the reproductive age group were recruited. Pap (Papanicolaou) smear and colposcopy were done for all the patients. Scoring of colposcopic lesions was done according to Reid’s and Swede’s scoring system. In women with RCI or Swedes score ≥3, biopsy of the cervix for histopathology was carried out. Data was recorded and statistically analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Pearson and spearmen correlation coefficient was used for correlation of RCI and Swede’s score. Results: Mean age of women was 43.89±8.2 years. A positive correlation was found between RCI and Swedes score as the correlation coefficient was 0.995 and p-value<0.001. Sensitivity was better with Swede’s scoring system as compared to RCI for predicting Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (CIN)-I lesions. However, for predicting CIN-II and CIN-III lesions sensitivity with both the scoring system was comparable. The sensitivity, specificity, Positive Predictive Value (PPV) and Negative Predictive Value (NPV) of RCI at a cut-off score of 5 was 54.54%, 87.17%, 54.54%, and 87.1% for CIN-I, for CIN-II was 100%, 86.67%, 45.45%, and 100%. CIN-III was 100%, 82.1%, 22.7%, and 100%. Similarly, the sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of Swedes score at a cut-off score of 5 was 59%, 84.6%, 52%, and 88% for CIN-I, for CIN-II was 100%, 83.33%, 40%, and 100%. And that for CIN-III was 100%, 78.94%, 20% and 100%. Conclusion: Both scoring systems performed well in predicting CIN lesions.
ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO POR MEIO DO ENSINO REMOTO EMERGENCIAL NA FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA
Authors: Medeiros Filho Antonio Evanildo Cardoso , De Lima Paulo Rogério , Magalhães Junior Antonio Germano
Published: April 2023

O estudo teve como objetivo compreender a proposta de Estágio Supervisionado por meio do “ensino remoto emergencial” do curso de Educação Física da Universidade Regional do Cariri (URCA-Iguatu), descortinando os desafios dos estagiários no planejamento e desenvolvimento das aulas. Para isso, adotamos uma abordagem qualitativa, utilizando-se da entrevista em grupo com oito discentes matriculados no Estágio. Como aportes teóricos recorremos aos escritos de Ghedin, Oliveira e Almeida (2015), Piconez et al. (2012), Pimenta e Lima (2017) e Zabalza (2014). Os estagiários sinalizaram como desafios o não contato com a realidade escolar, um prazo pequeno para desenvolver as atividades, a falta de ferramentas tecnológicas, a falta de um espaço doméstico adequado para realização das atividades, sobretudo, das gravações das aulas.
Dermatomyositis: A Case Report and Review of a Rare Autoimmune Inflammatory Disease
Authors: Okikiade Adedeji , Afolayan-Oloye Olayinka , Browne-Caesar Twanna , Agboola Rasheed , Olojede Olubunmi , Oyewole Adijat
Published: April 2023

Dermatomyositis is a chronic progressive autoimmune disease of unknown etiology and rare occurrence worldwide. It is an immunologically mediated idiopathic inflammatory disease in which damage to small blood vessels contributes to injury and inflammation of muscle and skin. Dermatomyositis belongs to a heterogeneous group of three autoimmune rheumatological diseases termed idiopathic inflammatory non-suppurative myopathies, with polymyositis and inclusion body myositis as other component diseases.

Dermatomyositis and polymyositis typically show characteristic clinical features of autoimmune inflammatory diseases and association with autoantibodies, HLA-DR genotype, and other autoimmune diseases. While it is known that inflammation plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of these diseases, its role in inclusion body myositis remains unclear. Overlapping forms of inflammatory myopathies that are poorly differentiated and defy a precise classification have also been identified. However, the clinical response to steroids and other immunosuppressive agents may help distinguish the subtypes of inflammatory myopathies from one another.

Dermatomyositis is further described as a multisystemic rheumatologic disease presenting with muscular and cutaneous symptoms. It is associated with malignancy in 20 – 25% of patients. Dermatomyositis occurs in children and adults, with a higher incidence observed in women. Diagnosis is usually made from clinical manifestations, elevated blood enzymes, autoantibody testing, electromyography (EMG), and muscle biopsy. The diagnosis, however, remains challenging in third-world countries. There is no known cure for dermatomyositis. However, corticosteroids and other immunosuppressive agents, and intravenous immunoglobins are routinely used for treatment.

The index patient in this review is a 22-year-old Afro-Caribbean woman whose presentation met the probable-to-definite criteria for diagnosis based on the Bohan and Peter Classification Criteria. This article is a case report and a detailed review of the autoimmune inflammatory disease known as dermatomyositis that can be used to teach about the disease condition.
Detection of "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus" Using Conventional PCR and Nested-PCR and Identification of Primer Sensitivity through Q-PCR in HLB Infected Mandarin Orange and Acid Lime Plants in Tamil Nadu
Authors: Sameer Konda , Paranidharan Vaikuntavasan
Published: April 2023

One of the most destructive citrus diseases in the world is called citrus Huanglongbing (HLB). For effective HLB associated ‘Candidatus liberibacter spp.’ prevention, sensitive and precise diagnostics are essential. Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), Candidatus Liberibacter africanus (CLaf), and Candidatus Liberibacter americanus (CLam) are among the ‘Candidatus liberibacter spp.’ that infect citrus. The most common of these is the species known as Las. To assess the impact of citrus greening disease in the citrus orchard, leaf samples exhibiting greening symptoms were picked up from 210  mandarin orange trees from nine localities in four districts  and among them 189 plants showed HLB positive and leaf samples are picked up from 216 acid lime trees from nine localities in six districts of Tamil Nadu where citrus is cultivated in a larger area and among them 202 plants showed HLB positive. A “conventional singleplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Nested PCR and Q-PCR (Quantitative PCR)” was performed on the extracted DNA samples to detect Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus. Among all the mandarin orange growing localities from “Kanalkadu and Thandikudi in Dindigul district” and among the acid lime fields, the samples from  “Sankarankoil from Tirunelveli district and Kallar from Nilgiris district” showed consistent amplification of 1160 base pairs fragment by using specific primers OI1 and OI2C and also 703 base pairs fragment with gene-specific primers A2 and J5  targeting beta-operon (rpiKAJL-rpoBC) gene which is a  ribosomal protein gene of Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus, these results showed that these districts are exclusively positive to Clas . The nested PCR method significantly increased the sensitivity to identify Las up to 10 times and 100 times, respectively, compared to qPCR and conventional PCR in this study. A set of nested PCR primer pairs were examined to diagnose Las. Nested PCR was used to analyse 14 samples from 2 different citrus cultivars in 2 different districts. Among those again kanalkadu orchard for mandarin orange and Sankankoil orchard for acid lime showed more disease incidence and consistent amplification.  The findings indicate that all the  samples tested positive for HLB; the samples of blotched and chlorotic leaves from the acid lime field at Sankarankoil (thirunelveli district) and mandarin orange field at kanlakaadu (Dindigul district)  had the highest positive detection rate (100%).  The outcomes show that the nested PCR primer pairs are capable of detecting Las in a variety of symptomatic tissues, citrus cultivars, and geographical locations. The set of nested PCR primers used in the current work will be a very helpful addition to the existing methods for Las detection.
Action of the Symmetric Group \(S_7\) on Unordered Pairs
Authors: Rotich Stanley K.
Published: April 2023

In this paper some properties of Symmetric group G = \(S_7\) on \(X^2\) are investigated.  It is shown that G acts transitively, primitively but not doubly transitively on \(X^2\) . The orbits of G {1,2} acting on \(X^2\) and the orbits of G acting on \(X^2\) \(\times\) \(X^2\) are found to be 3. Suborbital graphs corresponding to the action of G on \(X^2\) \(\times\) \(X^2\) are constructed.  Some theoretic properties of these graphs are discussed.
A Norse Viking-age grave from Cruach Mhor, Islay
Authors: Gordon Kate
Published: April 2023

In 1958, a field survey on the west coast of Islay produced a series of artefacts which suggest that there had been a rich female Viking burial on the site. Possible grave goods included two oval brooches, beads, spindle whorl, knives, sickle and the socket of a weaving batten. An ornamental buckle loop found at the site in 1978 may also belong to the grave, which appears to date to the late-ninth or tenth century AD. Au
The Helmsdale bowls, a re-assessment
Authors: Spearman R M , Wilthew Paul , O'Neill Marion
Published: April 2023

An attempt to clarify when and where at Helmsdale the remarkable group of copper alloy bowls and strainers were found. The bowls are described and discussed, along with the results of analysis of their composition. It appears likely that the bowls consist of a mixture of Continental and British pieces, some manufactured in the later second century AD. Others may be later than this and it is quite possible that the group was not deposited until the third or perhaps even the fourth century AD. Au
A short cist at Grainfoot, Longniddry, East Lothian
Authors: Dalland Magnar , McCormick Finbar , Lorimer Daphne Home
Published: April 2023

Describes the excavation of a Bronze Age cist containing two inhumations and a deposit of pig bones.
Tantallon Castle, East Lothian: a catalogue of the finds
Authors: Caldwell David H , O'Neil Marion
Published: April 2023

Catalogue of medieval and later finds from several excavations at Tantallon Castle. Most could be dated to the years before 1699 and many are of a military nature.
Firing quill from the Duke of Cumberland's Bastion, Fort George
Authors: Hume John R
Published: April 2023

Describes a firing quill and detonating hammer of mid-nineteenth century date.
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - -
Published: April 2023

At the Anniversary meeting the Annual Report was delivered covering topics such as Membership, Meetings, Research and publications. The Treasurer also presented the report on the Society’s accounts. The Council for the following session was then elected. Several new Fellows were elected and a list of Fellows who died during 1990-1991 was presented.At the Anniversary meeting the Annual Report was delivered covering topics such as Membership, Meetings, Research and publications. The Treasurer also presented the report on the Society’s accounts. The Council for the following session was then elected. Several new Fellows were elected and a list of Fellows who died during 1990-1991 was presented.Instructions for Contributors are appended.