bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Om de dødes (eller i det mindste åndens) nærvær før, under og efter Jesu død ifølge Johannesevangeliet: Replik til Jesper Tang Nielsen
Authors: Engberg-Pedersen Troels
Published: November 2022

Replik til Jesper Tang Nielsen
Døden som fjende, straf, velgerning og natur. Om dødsopfattelsen hos forskellige græske kirkefædre
Authors: Pedersen Niels Arne
Published: November 2022

Om forståelsen af døden i forbindelse med fortolkningen af paradisfortællingen (Gen. 2-3) hos tre betydningsfulde græske teologer i Oldkirken, - Origenes, Athanasius og Theodor. For Origenes var legemets død ikke dramatisk. Det afgørende var det spiritualiserede dødsbegreb. Synden var sjælens død, og det var denne død, der var Guds fjende. Dødeisen af synden var Guds velgerning. Den legemlige, naturlige død var overgangen mellem disse to aspekter, på en gang en straf for synden og en opdragelse, når man ser på dens indre virkning. For Athanasius og Theodor var den legemlige død ladet med alvor. Athanasius vævede den legemlige og sjælelige død sammen; døden var  Guds beslutning om at overlade skabningen til sin natur. Guds inderste væsen er dog godhed, og derfor besejrer han selv døden som sin egen magtgerning. Theodor adskilte klart synd og død, men han vævede dem sammen i en "ond cirkel", hvor den ustabile sjæl og det dødelige legeme påvirker hinanden, så menneskets kamp for at holde loven uvægerligt ender i nederlag
Digital idiocy in higher education: Mapping the challenge
Authors: Hansen Stig Børsen
Published: November 2022

This paper proposes a set of conceptual underpinnings for understanding the conditions for civic participation. While the empirical research is not undertaken in this paper, an understanding of the conditions for, and partially, nature of, civic participation is required for finding out whether digitizing higher education is detrimental to civic virtues such as participation and courage. Based on examples of on-campus political action, the paper explicates three aspects of civic virtue: Firstly, an architectural aspect that can invite, bar or allow for political action, through sit-ins, barricades and the like. Secondly, a virtue-forming aspect, where forms of collective action can help foster virtues by encouraging or sanctioning certain kinds of action. Thirdly, an informational aspect, where the structure of brick-and-mortar campuses strengthens politically significant informational structures, allowing for both common knowledge and public signals (open spaces) and “closed curtains” enclave deliberations. In contrast with a range of recent attempts at resisting a decline narrative that point to changes in the nature of civic virtue with digitization, the paper concludes by using the three aspects to point to possibilities of identifying the same aspects of civic virtue online as can be found in a physical, campus setting.
Hostages of Me
Authors: Biering Tue
Published: November 2022

Hostages of Me by Tue Biering and Hvad har vi egentlig haft gang i? Etiske, sociale og kunst­neriske undersøgelser by Jeppe Kristensen: In two articles, the founders of FIX&FOXY are reflecting on how the production company can develop theater and performances, in order to make the audience reflect on societal dilemmas.
Hvad har vi egentlig haft gang i?
Authors: Kristensen Jeppe
Published: November 2022

Hostages of Me by Tue Biering and Hvad har vi egentlig haft gang i? Etiske, sociale og kunst­neriske undersøgelser by Jeppe Kristensen: In two articles, the founders of FIX&FOXY are reflecting on how the production company can develop theater and performances, in order to make the audience reflect on societal dilemmas.
Pretty Woman Walking Down the Street
Authors: Gade Solveig
Published: November 2022

Pretty Woman Walking Down the Street. Interview with Biering and Kristensen by Gade. Theinterview explores the artistic strategy around the performance Pretty Woman A/S (2008), performedby female prostitutes, which triggered a strong public debate.
Mod alle Odds
Authors: Exe Christoffersen Erik
Published: November 2022

Mod alle Odds. Tragedie og statistik by Erik Exe Christoffersen. Against All Odds (2019) are basedon identity, representation, and statistics, which portrays how today’s young persons’ lives wouldstatistically look in the future. The question raised by Christoffersen is, how the dramaturgy of theperformance creates communication.
Samtidskunst, repræsentation og remediering
Authors: Exe Christoffersen Erik
Published: November 2022

Samtidskunst, repræsentation og remediering by Erik Exe Christoffersen. Christoffersen emphasizes FIX&FOXY’s way of doing remediation, perceived as a way of ‘overpainting’ a work like a palimpsest.
Dark Noon
Authors: Rosendal Nielsen Thomas
Published: November 2022

Dark Noon havde premiere i 2019 på Revolverscenen, Teater Republique.Instruktør og manuskript: Ture Biering.Koreograf og medinstruktør: Nhlanhla Mahlangu,Scenografi: Johan Kølkjær.Medvirkende: Bongani Bennedict Masango, Joe Young, Lillian Tshabalala, Mandla Gaduka, Siyambonga Alfred Mdubeki, Katlego Kaygee Letsholonyana og Thulani Zwane.
Det Europæiske Slagtehus
Authors: Exe Christoffersen Erik
Published: November 2022

Manuskript: William Shakespeare. Iscenesættelse og bearbejdning: Tue Biering. Dramaturg: Mathias Rosenkrands Bech. Scenografi og kostumer: Nicolaj Spangaa og Marie Rosendahl Chemnitz. Komponist: Daniel Fogh. Lyddesign: Kim Malmose. Lysdesign: Simon Holmgren.Medvirkende: Frank Thiel, Kristoffer Helmuth, Benjamin Kitter, Klaus T. Søndergaard, Freja Klint Sandberg, Natalí Vallespir Sand, Anders Gjellerup Koch, Nicolai Jandorf, Louise Davidsen, Malene Melsen, Mikkel Bay Mortensen, Githa Lehrmann, Niels Skovgaard Andersen, Cecilie Gerberg m.fl.https://iscene.dk/2022/09/01/tue-biering-det-er-er-mit-personlige-waterloo/
For gammel til behandling? Bør kvinder over 45 år have adgang til kunstig befrugtning?
Authors: Petersen Thomas Søbirk
Published: November 2022

Bør det være lovligt for sundhedspersoner at hjælpe kvinder over 45 år med kunstig befrugtning som reagensglasbefrugtning? Ifølge gældende dansk lov er dette ulovligt. En kritisk diskussion af centrale argumenter for og imod gældende lov er målet for artiklen. Argumenter for gældende lov betoner hensynet til kvindens eller barnets tarv; at gældende lov er adfærdsregulerende på en måde, der støtter kvinder i at få børn, mens de er unge. Argumenter imod gældende lov betoner, at loven er i modstrid med et centralt lighedsprincip for det danske sundhedsvæsen og en af FN’s menneskerettigheder, og at gældende lov faktisk er i modstrid med kvindens og barnets tarv. Artiklen konkluderer, at der ud fra en analyse af de i bidraget diskuterede argumenter er gode moralske grunde til at ændre gældende dansk lov, således at det bliver lovligt at hjælpe kvinder over 45 med kunstig befrugtning.
Out-of-Step Relaying Principles and Advances. Scientific monograph
Authors: Sauhats Antans Saulus , Utans Andrejs
Published: November 2022

The book is devoted to out-of-step (OOS) protection systems. It consists of two parts. Chapters 1–6 are dedicated to the problem of angular stability and OOS relaying principles. Traditional protection systems as well as potential prospective implementations are considered in these chapters. An outline of the most recent achievements in OOS relaying philosophy is provided. A new algorithm for generator grouping and OOS protection is presented. Chapters 7 and 8 review the existing and emerging communication technologies and communication standards that are already in use in power systems and can be used in the future to improve the performance of OOS protection systems.
Pharmacological potential of Thymus serpyllum L. (wild thyme) extracts and essential oil: A review
Authors: Jovanović Aleksandra A. , Balanč Bojana D. , Petrović Predrag , Pravilović Radoslava , Djordjević Verica B.
Published: November 2022

In traditional medicine Thymus serpyllum L. (wild thyme) herb represents a part of a large number of herbal medicinal formulations such as syrups, tinctures, infusions, teas, and decoctions. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in testing the biological properties of wild thyme, because the plant is a high-quality raw material, rich in essential oil and pharmacologically active polyphenolic compounds, which can be included in various formulations in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food, and chemical industries. Wild thyme extracts and essential oil have shown significant nitric oxide, ABTS and DPPH radicals scavenging potential, ferrous ion chelating property, reducing activity and ability to inhibit peroxidation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), proteins and lipids. Wild thyme extracts exerted antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus faecalis, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, Yersinia enterocolitica, as well as Lactic acid bacteria. Wild thyme essential oil has shown antibacterial potential against E. coli, L. monocytogenes, P. aeruginosa, S. enteritidis, S. aureus, Streptococcus salivariu, S. mutans, S. sanguinis, S. pyogenes, E. feacalis, B. cereus, B. subtilis, B. pumilis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella choleraesuis, and Salmonella poona. T. serpyllum extract possesses antifungal activity against Fusarium solani, F. moniliforme, Aspergillus flavus, Microsporum canis, Alternaria species, Candida albicans, and C. glabarata. The essential oil efficiently inhibited the growth of C. albicans, C. glabrata and Aspergillus fungi. Depending on the concentration, wild thyme extract significantly relaxed spontaneous contractions, as well as acetylcholine-, potassium chloride-, barium chlorideand calcium chloride-induced contractions of the isolated rat ileum. The extract significantly reduced the expression of the inducible enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 and inhibited acetylcholinesterase, myeloperoxidase and α-glucosidase activity. T. serpyllum extract has shown cytotoxic activity on human breast cancer cell lines, while essential oil has shown the antitumor potential in human cell lung cancer, colon, cervical, hepatocellular, prostate, and breast adeno-carcinoma.
Acesso às urgências e atenção hospitalar: uma questão de direitos humanos
Authors: O’Dwyer Gisele , Konder Mariana
Published: November 2022

Apesar do volumoso e extenso investimento nos diversos componentes da Rede de Atenção às Urgências (RAU), a experiência dos usuários continua sendo a de acesso limitado, quando não interditado, e de muita luta e sofrimento para terem suas demandas atendidas. Temos frequentemente uma situação de atendimento demorado, quando de fato acontece, orientado para a queixa e completamente deslocado do restante da rede. A superlotação das emergências hospitalares sintetiza bem esse fenômeno, tornando-se o local em que a violação de direitos é mais intensamente vivenciada pelo usuário. A rede hospitalar encontrase no centro das respostas para essa experiência, sobretudo porque muito pouco foi feito pelo hospital ao longo de mais de três décadas de desenvolvimento do SUS. As condições do parque hospitalar e do sistema de urgência, pela precariedade sustentada ao longo dos anos, produzem sistematicamente sofrimento ao paciente, com significativas consequências, como aumento da morbidade e mortalidade
Quercetin Influences Phospholipase A2 Products in A549 Adenocarcinoma Cells
Authors: Nikolova Biliana , Pankov Roumen , Staneva Galya , Krastev Nikolai , Markovska Tania , Pankov Stefan , Vassileva Evgenia , Krastev Dimo , Momchilova Albena
Published: November 2022

The effect of quercetin on phospholipase A2 activity and its products has been investigated in A549 adenocarcinoma cells. Quercetin is a polyphenol of medico-biological significance, which has been reported to show antioxidant and anti-tumour beneficial effects. Phospholipids are functionally active molecules, which participate in various cellular processes, acting as second messengers, enzyme activators, membrane transporters, etc. Although there are many studies dealing with the influence of quercetin on the lipid metabolism of different types of cancer cells, the mechanism of this effect

remains largely unclear. The present study showed that quercetin treatment of A549 cells induced activation of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity, the latter being known as a source of pro-inflammatory intermediate metabolites. The phospholipid analysis of membranes from A549 cells revealed reduction of

phosphatidylcholine (PC) and an increase of the level of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC). In addition, acyl chain analysis showed an elevation of some polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as arachidonic acid (AA), the latter being a major product of PLA2. The content of lipid peroxides was also elevated in membranes from quercetin-treated A549 cells, which we presume is related to the higher content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are an excellent target of oxidative destruction.

In conclusion, the present results show that treatment of A549 adenocarcinoma cells with the polyphenol quercetin induces activation of membrane-bound PLA2, which is a source polyunsaturated fatty acids, the

latter producing lipid peroxides. We presume that this mechanism underlies the reported by other authors elevation of oxidative stress, which is induced by quercetin treatment of cancerous cells.
Novel DE-based Optimization Technique for the Renewable Sources' Integration
Authors: Ristic Vladan , Sosic Darko
Published: November 2022

Ever since the thermal generation units, once a foundation of a large number of the power systems, were marked as one of the main emitters of greenhouse gases and, therefore, undesirable in the modern systems, the renewable energy sources are taking over their share in the generation mix. Although this process is going fast, it might still not be efficient enough to reach the climate goals, set with short deadlines. In accordance with that, every measure that enhances the integration of renewable sources into the grid and makes the application process for the new investors simple and straightforward is welcome. To aid that cause, this paper proposes the method for determining the optimal location of the new wind power plant in the predefined geographical area, taking into account both the characteristics of the power system in that region and the relevant climatic indicators. This technique was developed by utilizing the differential evolution mechanism, while introducing a novel space search formula that ensures the avoidance of the local optima. For the mapping of the solutions and switching between the discrete and continuous values, the georeferencing principle was implemented. This method was illustrated on the part of the Serbian real-life system.
Screening of high-risk deleterious missense variations in the CYP1B1 gene implicated in the pathogenesis of primary congenital glaucoma: A comprehensive in silico approach
Authors: Shahid Muhammad , Azfaralariff Ahmad , Tufail Muhammad , Hussain Khan Nazeer , Abdulkareem Najm Ahmed , Firasat Sabika , Zubair Muhammad , Fazry Shazrul , Law Douglas
Published: November 2022

Background

Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) is the most common subtype of glaucoma caused by defects in the cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) gene. It is developing among infants in more than 80% of cases who exhibit impairments in the anterior chamber angle and the trabecular meshwork. Thus, a comprehensive in silico approach was performed to evaluate the effect of high-risk deleterious missense variations in the CYP1B1 gene.

Material and methods

All the information for CYP1B1 missense variants was retrieved from the dbSNP database. Seven different tools, namely: SIFT, PolyPhen-2, PROVEAN, SNAP2, PANTHER, PhD-SNP, and Predict-SNP, were used for functional annotation, and two packages, which were I-Mutant 2.0 and MUpro, were used to predict the effect of the variants on protein stability. A phylogenetic conservation analysis using deleterious variants was performed by the ConSurf server. The 3D structures of the wild-type and mutants were generated using the I-TASSER tool, and a 50 ns molecular dynamic simulation (MDS) was executed using the GROMACS webserver to determine the stability of mutants compared to the native protein. Co-expression, protein-protein interaction (PPI), gene ontology (GO), and pathway analyses were additionally performed for the CYP1B1 in-depth study.

Results

All the retrieved data from the dbSNP database was subjected to functional, structural, and phylogenetic analysis. From the conducted analyses, a total of 19 high-risk variants (P52L, G61E, G90R, P118L, E173K, D291G, Y349D, G365W, G365R, R368H, R368C, D374N, N423Y, D430E, P442A, R444Q, F445L, R469W, and C470Y) were screened out that were considered to be deleterious to the CYP1B1 gene. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the majority of the variants occurred in highly conserved regions. The MD simulation analysis exhibited that all mutants’ average root mean square deviation (RMSD) values were higher compared to the wild-type protein, which could potentially cause CYP1B1 protein dysfunction, leading to the severity of the disease. Moreover, it has been discovered that CYP1A1, VCAN, HSD17B1, HSD17B2, and AKR1C3 are highly co-expressed and interact with CYP1B1. Besides, the CYP1B1 protein is primarily involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics, chemical carcinogenesis, the retinal metabolic process, and steroid hormone biosynthesis pathways, demonstrating its multifaceted and important roles.

Discussion

This is the first comprehensive study that adds essential information to the ongoing efforts to understand the crucial role of genetic signatures in the development of PCG and will be useful for more targeted gene-disease association studies.
Sentiment Analysis of YouTube Comments: Potential Indonesian Presidential Election Candidates
Authors: Ardhi Dimaz Cahya , Sari Dwi Puspita
Published: November 2022

This study examines the public's sentiments toward potential candidates for the 2024 Indonesia presidential election. This study utilized YouTube comments on the Kompas TV channel, which features videos from potential presidential candidates, as its data source. Coberry is used to download YouTube comments, which are then analyzed using Python using the Pandas Library, matplotlib, wordcloud, and textblob. This study aims to determine the public's response to presidential candidates in the general election of 2024. This study shows that the public has positive sentiments toward the three presidential candidates named Ganjar Pranowo, Anies Baswedan, and Prabowo Subianto.
Comprehensive Application Analysis of BIM Technology in the Process of Construction Engineering
Authors: Junli Wang
Published: November 2022

Comprehensive application analysis of BIM technology in the process of construction engineering is the focus of this manuscript. The building parameter model based on BIM technology can dynamically simulate and demonstrate the construction site, and managers can intuitively observe the changes of various details and parameters during the general dynamic model demonstration process. Hence, the proper usage will be essential. Entering the information and Internet era, the application of BIM technology in project construction quality will continue to deepen with the development of various high-tech, and then, the combination is also considered. Through the discussion, we find the suitable integration
Planejamento, execução e conclusão de programas públicos de pesquisa e desenvolvimento (P&D): agenda para as instituições de fomento
Authors: Leal Érika de Andrade Silva , Faria Luiz Henrique Lima , Depizzol Daniela Bertolini , Fernandes Júlia , Fassarella Bruna Bandeira
Published: November 2022

Os investimentos em Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (P&D) são fundamentais para a prosperidade econômica de um país, uma vez que proporcionam o acesso à fronteira do conhecimento, ao desenvolvimento e a comercialização de produtos, entre outros. Com a finalidade de ampliar a competitividade das empresas nacionais, o Brasil lançou, a partir de 2004, um aparato institucional e financeiro de apoio à inovação, sendo instituída nesse contexto, a subvenção econômica (SE) à inovação, isto é, o aporte público de recursos não reembolsáveis diretamente nas empresas para o desenvolvimento de atividades inovadoras. A instituição responsável pela SE no Brasil é a Finep, que conta com a parceria dos governos estaduais, geralmente por meio das Fundações de Amparo à Pesquisa (FAP´s), para que o programa alcance maior capilaridade no território nacional. O objetivo geral deste artigo é propor uma agenda que auxilie as FAP´s nos procedimentos de planejamento, execução e conclusão de projetos apoiados.
Identification of New Four Races of Barley Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici) for the First Time in Egypt
Authors: Mohdly B. R. , Khalil A. E. , Mansour Mohamed , El-Wakeel Sally E. , Ibrehim S. D.
Published: November 2022

Four pathogenic races belonging to Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Eriks and Henn, were genetically identified in Egypt for the first time on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), using the molecular biology method, using specific ITS primers (PCR) and Fingerprinting using (RAPD) markers, these races were recorded, during the present study, in the gene bank under accession numbers MW 931757, 931758, 931759 and 931760.  Also, five Egyptian barley varieties, i.e. Giza 123, Giza 124, Giza 125, Giza 126 and Giza 2000 were evaluated for their resistance to stem rust and some vegetative traits under field conditions in Sids, Giza, Nubariya and Sakha agricultural research stations during growing season 2020/2021. All tested barely cultivars were resistant to the pathogen races. Cultivar Giza 125 exhibited an earliness for heading and maturity, while cv. 2000 exhibited the highest values for spike length, grain numbers/spike, 1000 grain weight, biological and grain yield.
Survey of the Intestinal Bacterial Compositions of Three Sympatric Passeriformes Species
Authors: Masuda Hisako , Zarabadi Fattaneh Nejad , Rifai Lina
Published: November 2022

Aims: The gut microbiota of avian species, especially wild birds, is studied less than that of mammals. Moreover, due to ethical concerns, a vast majority of microbiota studies have been limited to their feces. In this study, we investigated the microbial composition in the upper intestinal tract of sympatric, heterospecific bird species.

Study Design: We obtained samples from three wild bird species belonging in the same Order Passeriformes: Cedar Waxwing (Bombycilla cedrorum), American Robin (Turdus migratorius) and Dark-eyed Junco (Junco hyemalis). The samples were obtained from wild birds soon after they died due to physical injury. Microbial diversity was analyzed via high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene fragments.

Place and Duration of Study: Indiana University Kokomo campus, Indiana. United States, between October 2019 and December 2020.

Methodology: Illumina Miseq sequencing of V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was employed to determine microbial composition. The α and β diversity were determined by Shannon’s diversity index and principal coordinate analysis, respectively. Pair-wise comparison of Bray-Curtis dissimilarity between birds of same species, different species, collection dates and years were analyzed.

Results: The proteobacterial sequences were predominant in all samples. However, the comparison at the level of bacterial class revealed a significant intraspecies variation in both α and β diversity. Additionally, some microbiota exhibited higher interspecies similarity than intraspecies similarity, despite these birds not sharing the same foraging guilds.

Conclusion: Our study revealed high variability in the microbial compositions within the upper part of the digestive tract of closely related Passeriform birds in their natural environment.
The Value of Tumor Size as a Prognostic Factor in Rectal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Talayea Sarrah Mohamed , Ibrahim Bahaa Saied , Sedky Hamdy Abd-Allah , Tawfik Hesham Ahmed
Published: November 2022

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third frequent diagnosed cancer and third cause of cancer death. Curative intent surgery followed by chemoradiotherapy are the standard of care for patients with CRC to reduce local recurrence and enhance overall survival (OS). This study aimed to evaluate tumor size as a prognostic factor for rectal adenocarcinoma local recurrence.

Patients and Methods: This retrospective phase II study reviewed 100 rectal adenocarcinoma patients who were treated and followed up for 5 years after treatment. The medical records were reviewed for all cases including demographic data, medical history, personal habits, uncontrolled chronic medical condition, presenting symptoms and signs, pathological data, laboratory investigations, diagnosis, radiological examination, treatment details and treatment outcome assessed by OS and disease-free survival (DFS).

Results: During 5 years of follow up in our study, 12 patients (12%) had local recurrence. Patients with tumor size > 5 cm has a significantly shorter DFS. DFS within 2-yrs for tumours ≤5 cm 96%, while 5-years DFS was 90%. While for tumours >5cm, 2-years DFS was 70% and 55% for 5-years and more. In tumours size >5cm, 2-years OS was 75%, 3-years OS was 72% and 5-years was 70% While In tumours ≤ 5cm, overall survival was 84%. Patients who had neoadjuvant chemoradiation also had a significant low local recurrent rate with (p=.042) in multivariate analysis.

Conclusions: Tumor size has a prognostic value in rectal adenocarcinoma. Tumor size >5 cm is associated with higher rate of local recurrence and worse DFS.
Antibiogram Analysis of Escherichia coli Isolates Recovered from Dog Faeces
Authors: Gaurav Abhishek , Khinchi R. K. , Kumar Sandeep
Published: November 2022

Antimicrobial resistance is a global problem affecting animals and humans. Improper use of antibiotics by humans, inefficient prevention and control of infections, poor hygiene and sanitation, are causes for the emergence and distribution of antibiotic resistant bacteria. The role of pets is quite significant as disseminators of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. This study was planned to analyze the antibiotic susceptibility profile of Escherichia coli isolated from dog faeces. The dog faecal samples (n=5) collected from Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Navania were subjected to bacteriological examination for the isolation and identification of Escherichia coli. The isolates were confirmed by PCR to detect the species specific uspA gene. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates. In the present study, it was revealed that out of 5 dog faecal samples analyzed, E coli was isolated from 4 samples. The PCR analysis revealed a specific amplification of 884 bp product of the uspA gene among the isolates. Further on analyzing the antibiogram, it was found that chloramphenicol, oxytetracycline, azithromycin, ampicillin, co-trimoxazole and ceftriaxone were effective against E. coli. While, the isolates were resistant to amoxicillin and trimethoprim. Therefore, it was concluded that the screening of cultures by antimicrobial susceptibility testing will not only help in deciding the right antibiotic for treatment but also identify the shifting trends of antimicrobial resistance.
Telemedicine Rollbacks—Why Providing Care Across State Lines Is No Longer as Simple as It Was Early in the Pandemic
Authors: Rubin Rita
Published: November 2022

This Medical News feature examines how the expiration of states’ pandemic-related licensure waivers is limiting telemedicine services.
A Case of Right Bundle Branch Block With Changing Axis
Authors: King Robert B. , Goel Ramil
Published: November 2022

A man in his 80s presented with recurrent presyncope and bradycardia. An electrocardiogram showed atrial fibrillation with an irregular ventricular rate of around 60 beats per minute, right bundle branch block, and left posterior fascicular block. What would you do next?
Effect of Nudges to Clinicians, Patients, or Both to Increase Statin Prescribing
Authors: Adusumalli Srinath , Kanter Genevieve P. , Small Dylan S. , Asch David A. , Volpp Kevin G. , Park Sae-Hwan , Gitelman Yevgeniy , Do David , Leri Damien , Rhodes Corinne , VanZandbergen Christine , Howell John T. , Epps Mika , Cavella Ann M. , Wenger Michael , Harrington Tory O. , Clark Kayla , Westover Julie E. , Snider Christopher K. , Patel Mitesh S.
Published: November 2022

Importance

Statins reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, but less than one-half of individuals in America who meet guideline criteria for a statin are actively prescribed this medication.

Objective

To evaluate whether nudges to clinicians, patients, or both increase initiation of statin prescribing during primary care visits.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cluster randomized clinical trial evaluated statin prescribing of 158 clinicians from 28 primary care practices including 4131 patients. The design included a 12-month preintervention period and a 6-month intervention period between October 19, 2019, and April 18, 2021.

Interventions

The usual care group received no interventions. The clinician nudge combined an active choice prompt in the electronic health record during the patient visit and monthly feedback on prescribing patterns compared with peers. The patient nudge was an interactive text message delivered 4 days before the visit. The combined nudge included the clinician and patient nudges.

Main Outcomes and Measures

The primary outcome was initiation of a statin prescription during the visit.

Results

The sample comprised 4131 patients with a mean (SD) age of 65.5 (10.5) years; 2120 (51.3%) were male; 1210 (29.3%) were Black, 106 (2.6%) were Hispanic, 2732 (66.1%) were White, and 83 (2.0%) were of other race or ethnicity, and 933 (22.6%) had atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. In unadjusted analyses during the preintervention period, statins were prescribed to 5.6% of patients (105 of 1876) in the usual care group, 4.8% (97 of 2022) in the patient nudge group, 6.0% (104 of 1723) in the clinician nudge group, and 4.7% (82 of 1752) in the combined group. During the intervention, statins were prescribed to 7.3% of patients (75 of 1032) in the usual care group, 8.5% (100 of 1181) in the patient nudge group, 13.0% (128 of 981) in the clinician nudge arm, and 15.5% (145 of 937) in the combined group. In the main adjusted analyses relative to usual care, the clinician nudge significantly increased statin prescribing alone (5.5 percentage points; 95% CI, 3.4 to 7.8 percentage points; P = .01) and when combined with the patient nudge (7.2 percentage points; 95% CI, 5.1 to 9.1 percentage points; P = .001). The patient nudge alone did not change statin prescribing relative to usual care (0.9 percentage points; 95% CI, −0.8 to 2.5 percentage points; P = .32).

Conclusions and Relevance

Nudges to clinicians with and without a patient nudge significantly increased initiation of a statin prescription during primary care visits. The patient nudge alone was not effective.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04307472
Association Between College Course Delivery Model and Rates of Psychological Distress During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: ElTohamy Abdelrahman , Wang Jessica J. , Chen Justin A. , Stevens Courtney , Liu Cindy H.
Published: November 2022

Importance

College students in the US have been heavily affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to increased rates of depression and anxiety, college students have faced unprecedented stressors, such as geographic relocation and abrupt conversion from in-person classes to online classes.

Objective

To study the association between course delivery model and psychological distress among US college students.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This cross-sectional analysis used national data from the American College Health Association–National College Health Assessment III data set. Data were gathered from a web-based survey administered from January to early June 2021 to full-time US college students attending 4-year programs.

Exposure

Course delivery model was self-reported.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Psychological distress was measured using the Kessler Screening Scale for Psychological Distress.

Results

This study evaluated 59 250 full-time undergraduate students (68.1% women; 51.5% White students; mean [SD] age, 21.2 [4.3] years); 3.5% attended fully in-person classes, 61.2% attended fully online classes, and 35.3% attended a mixed format of in-person and online classes. Students who attended classes fully online reported higher levels of psychological distress than those who attended a mix of online and in-person classes (b = 0.76 [99% CI, 0.64-0.88]; P < .001). This association remained significant after controlling for geographic region, year in school, gender, race and ethnicity, food security, current anxiety and/or depressive disorders, COVID-19 concerns, and residence (living on campus, off campus with family, or other off-campus arrangements) (b = 0.18 [99% CI, 0.04-0.31]; P = .001), as well as time spent socializing with friends (b = 0.13 [99% CI, 0.002-0.26]; P = .009).

Conclusions and Relevance

The findings of this study suggest that mental health professionals may wish to consider the association of course delivery models with mental health outcomes when working with college students. Colleges should be aware of the mental health burden associated with attending fully online classes and consider possible in-person components and supports for students.
Association of Electronic Health Record Inbasket Message Characteristics With Physician Burnout
Authors: Baxter Sally L. , Saseendrakumar Bharanidharan Radha , Cheung Michael , Savides Thomas J. , Longhurst Christopher A. , Sinsky Christine A. , Millen Marlene , Tai-Seale Ming
Published: November 2022

Importance

Physician burnout is an ongoing epidemic; electronic health record (EHR) use has been associated with burnout, and the burden of EHR inbasket messages has grown in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding how EHR inbasket messages are associated with physician burnout may uncover new insights for intervention strategies.

Objective

To evaluate associations between EHR inbasket message characteristics and physician burnout.

Design, Setting, and Participants

Cross-sectional study in a single academic medical center involving physicians from multiple specialties. Data collection took place April to September 2020, and data were analyzed September to December 2020.

Exposures

Physicians responded to a survey including the validated Mini-Z 5-point burnout scale.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Physician burnout according to the self-reported burnout scale. A sentiment analysis model was used to calculate sentiment scores for EHR inbasket messages extracted for participating physicians. Multivariable modeling was used to model risk of physician burnout using factors such as message characteristics, physician demographics, and clinical practice characteristics.

Results

Of 609 physicians who responded to the survey, 297 (48.8%) were women, 343 (56.3%) were White, 391 (64.2%) practiced in outpatient settings, and 428 (70.28%) had been in medical practice for 15 years or less. Half (307 [50.4%]) reported burnout (score of 3 or higher). A total of 1 453 245 inbasket messages were extracted, of which 630 828 (43.4%) were patient messages. Among negative messages, common words included medical conditions, expletives and/or profanity, and words related to violence. There were no significant associations between message characteristics (including sentiment scores) and burnout. Odds of burnout were significantly higher among Hispanic/Latino physicians (odds ratio [OR], 3.44; 95% CI, 1.18-10.61;P = .03) and women (OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.13-2.27;P = .01), and significantly lower among physicians in clinical practice for more than 15 years (OR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.30-0.68;P < .001).

Conclusions and Relevance

In this cross-sectional study, message characteristics were not associated with physician burnout, but the presence of expletives and violent words represents an opportunity for improving patient engagement, EHR portal design, or filters. Natural language processing represents a novel approach to understanding potential associations between EHR inbasket messages and physician burnout and may also help inform quality improvement initiatives aimed at improving patient experience.
Well‐being on supportive techniques in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: from neurologists' perspective
Authors: Barć Krzysztof , Lulé Dorothée , Finsel Julia , Helczyk Olga , Baader Susanne , Aho‐Özhan Helena , Ludolph Albert C. , Kuźma‐Kozakiewicz Magdalena
Published: November 2022

Objective

To investigate intercultural neurologists' perception of well‐being in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) using gastrostomy (PEG), non‐invasive, and/or invasive ventilation (NIV/IV) and to analyse the determinants and impact on the management of the above medical interventions (MIs).

Methods

The study was based on anonymous questionnaires addressing the clinical approach and personal attitude towards the use of PEG, NIV and IV in ALS patients completed by 465 neurologists: 228 from Germany and 237 from Poland.

Results

The German and Polish neurologists estimated the quality of life in ALS patients using PEG and NIV as neutral, whilst low in individuals using IV. A regression model revealed an independent influence of palliative care training (PCT) and age on that attitude in the German group. Higher values of estimated patients' depressiveness on PEG, NIV and IV were found amongst the Polish neurologists. Marital status, experience in ALS and being a parent independently influenced the perception of patients' depressiveness in the German, whilst marital status, age and PCT were factors in the Polish group. Amongst German neurologists, a higher perception of patients' depressiveness in individuals using PEG, NIV and IV was linked to the later timing of the MIs discussion. In the Polish group, it was a lower estimation of QoL in patients using PEG.

Conclusion

Neurologists' perception of ALS patients' well‐being on MIs reflects their demographic status, professional experience and potentially their cultural background. This perception plays an important role in the timing of MIs discussion, possibly influencing the decision‐making process.
Changes of Mutations and Copy‐Number and Enhanced Cell Migration during Breast Tumorigenesis
Authors: Lee Seung Hyuk T. , Kim Joon Yup , Kim Peter , Dong Zhipeng , Su Chia‐Yi , Ahn Eun Hyun
Published: November 2022

Although cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a major role in tumorigenesis and metastasis, the role of genetic alterations in invasiveness of CSCs is still unclear. Tumor microenvironment signals, such as extracellular matrix (ECM) composition, significantly influence cell behaviors. Unfortunately, these signals are often lost in in vitro cell culture. This study determines putative CSC populations, examines genetic changes during tumorigenesis of human breast epithelial stem cells, and investigates single‐cell migration properties on ECM‐mimetic platforms. Whole exome sequencing data indicate that tumorigenic cells have a higher somatic mutation burden than non‐tumorigenic cells, and that mutations exclusive to tumorigenic cells exhibit higher predictive deleterious scores. Tumorigenic cells exhibit distinct somatic copy number variations (CNVs) including gain of duplications in chromosomes 5 and 8. ECM‐mimetic topography selectively enhances migration speed of tumorigenic cells, but not of non‐tumorigenic cells, and results in a wide distribution of tumorigenic single‐cell migration speeds, suggesting heterogeneity in cellular sensing of contact guidance cues. This study identifies mutations and CNVs acquired during breast tumorigenesis, which can be associated with enhanced migration of breast tumorigenic cells, and demonstrates that a nanotopographically‐defined platform can be applied to recapitulate an ECM structure for investigating cellular migration in the simulated tumor microenvironment.
Review of Microstructure–Mechanical Property Relationships in Cast and Wrought Ni‐Based Superalloys with Boron, Carbon, and Zirconium Microalloying Additions
Authors: Theska Felix , Tse Wilson F. , Schulz Bernd , Buerstmayr Richard , Street Steven R. , Lison-Pick Michael , Primig Sophie
Published: November 2022

Cast and wrought Ni‐based superalloys are materials of choice for harsh high‐temperature environments of aircraft engines and gas turbines. Their compositional complexity requires sophisticated thermo‐mechanical processing. A typical microstructure consists of a polycrystallineγ‐matrix, strengthening Ni3(Al,Ti)γ′ precipitates, carbides (MC, M6C, and M23C6), borides (M2B, M3B2, and M5B3), and other inclusions. Microalloying additions of B, C, and Zr commonly improve high‐temperature strength and creep resistance, although excessive additions are detrimental. Grain boundary (GB) segregation may improve cohesion and displace embrittling impurities. Finely dispersed carbides and borides are desired to control grain size via GB pinning. However, excessive decoration of GBs may lead to failure during processing and in‐service. Hence, a systematic review on the roles of B, C, and Zr in cast and wrought Ni‐based superalloys is required. The current state of knowledge on GB segregation and precipitation is reviewed. Experimental and modeling results are compared across various processing steps. The impact of GB precipitation on mechanical properties is most well researched. Co‐precipitation in proximity to GBs interacting with local microstructure evolution and mechanical properties remains less explored. Addressing these gaps in knowledge allows a more complete understanding of processing–microstructure–properties relationships in advanced cast and wrought Ni‐based superalloys.
Wood Robot with Magnetic Anisotropy for Programmable Locomotion
Authors: Li Lianzhen , Shang Ziqiang , Tang Jianfu , Li Jiameng , Xiao Zefang , Xie Yanjun , Liu Jiuqing , Li Zhenjie , Yang Shilong , Liu Yiqi , Gan Wentao
Published: November 2022

The development of environmentally‐friendly stimuli‐responsive materials is vital to green electronics, sensors, and biomedicine. However, fast responsiveness and precise locomotion control of biomass materials have not been accomplished. Herein, a magnetically responsive wood is reported that can achieve programmable locomotion in the rotating magnetic field. The magnetized wood is fabricated by removing lignin from the cell walls, which produces a porous microstructure, enabling facile and stable combination between NdFeB and wood. With the directional arrangement of magnetic moments after magnetization, the magnetized wood with obviously positive and negative magnetic poles is magnetic stability, and can complete various movements including spatial flipping, bypass obstacles, climb up, and down under the driven by magnetic torques. Meanwhile, the magnetized wood is lightweight (0.26 g cm−3), showing a fast walking speed of up to 11.3 mm s−1 under magnetic actuation (10 mT and 0.6 Hz), which is greater than those of petroleum‐based polymeric materials. Benefitting from the unique porous structure, the magnetized wood can be used as the drug‐carrier to deliver and release nano‐cargoes effectively. This approach expands the range of stimuli‐responsive materials beyond hydrogel, elastomers, and synthetic polymer, inspiring the creation of next‐generation intelligent robots based on biocompatible and sustainable biomass materials.
Tunable Morphosynthesis of Calcium Carbonate in Aqueous Solution Enabled by Janus Membrane
Authors: Wu Mengyuan , Li Zhengtao , Yuan Zhijie , Jiang Helong , Niu Yuchao , Ruan Xuehua , Yan Xiaoming , Li Xiangcun , Wu Xumemei , He Gaohong , Jiang Xiaobin
Published: November 2022

Targeted and high throughput manufacture of crystalline biominerals with diverse morphologies is of importance, due to the significant impact of shape and texture on the material properties, while tunable morphosynthesis of crystalline is restrained by the proper ion transfer process during the reactive crystallization, and is commonly regulated using organic soluble additives. Herein, Janus membranes (JMs) are facilely produced for the continuous confined reactive crystallization of calcium carbonate. Fabricated JM simultaneously achieves rapid and uniform directional CO32− ions transfer in the aqueous solution through the straight, uniform nanoscale hydrophilic channels, and the interfacial reactive crystallization is generated with confined ion adsorption and gating effect at the hydrophobic side. Hollow CaCO3 microcomposites via JM system are continuously and directly synthesized in the aqueous system without any assisted organic solvent or polymer additive, which is green and highly efficient. In addition, the reversed ion transfer direction in JM can be ideally managed resulting in highly selective manufacturing of cube or sphere‐type microcomposites. This study provides a feasible route for the rapid production of advanced particle materials with tunable morphology, displaying great potential applications of JM in material engineering.
Tailoring Luminescent Solar Concentrators for High‐Performance Flexible Double‐Junction III‐V Photovoltaics
Authors: Lee Shin Hyung , Baek Dongjae , Cho Whibeom , Lee Nohyun , Kim Kwangjin , Kim Jae‐Hun , Kim Han‐Jun , Kim Hyeon Ho , Kim Hyo Jin , Lee Seungwoo , Lee Sung‐Min
Published: November 2022

Despite the remarkable advantages of luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs), their application has not been of interest in ultrahigh efficient photovoltaic modules such as multi‐junctions and related two‐terminal tandems due to challenging issues limiting the cell capability and impeding the output current. Here type of multi‐junction LSC photovoltaics is presented that consists of transfer‐printed arrays of InGaP/GaAs solar cells and strategically tailored luminescent waveguides. A coplanar waveguide with the non‐self‐aligned quantum dot luminophores enables simultaneous absorptions of the directly illuminated solar flux and the indirectly waveguided LSC flux, where cell deployment and luminophore spectrum are systematically tuned for balanced enhancement of the subcell photocurrents. Through systematic comparisons across various LSC configurations supported by both experimental and theoretical quantifications, the power conversion efficiency of flexible modules with InGaP/GaAs cell arrays is improved from 1.67% to 2.22% by the optimal LSC, where the module area is 14.4 times larger than the total cell area. The details of optical and mechanical studies provide a further comprehensive understanding of the suggested approach toward multi‐junction LSC photovoltaics.