bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reducing Water‐Soluble Phosphorus in Soil through Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum Application: Year of Application Effects at Multiple Sites in Wisconsin
Authors: Sindelar Meghan E. , Wolkowski Richard P.
Published: March 2019

Phosphorus runoff from agricultural land to surface water bodies, such as the Great Lakes, is an important environmental concern. Soil amendments, such as gypsum, may alter the chemistry of the soil solution to reduce the amount of water‐soluble P (WSP) available for loss to runoff, and as such, the NRCS now recommends gypsum application as a Conservation Practice Standard (Code 333) for improving water quality. Interest in gypsum use has also increased as availability has increased from production of flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum at many coal‐burning power plants throughout the United States. This study tested three rates of unincorporated, surface‐broadcast FGD gypsum application at 23 field sites in Wisconsin. The optimal rate for reducing WSP concentration and the relationship between selected soil properties and the beneficial effect of FGD gypsum application were evaluated. The FGD gypsum reduced WSP (P < 0.0001), with a significant effect compared with the control at the lowest tested rate of 1120 kg ha−1 at 5 of the 23 sites. Few other sites saw a significant benefit. Correlation indicated that sites showing a beneficial reduction of WSP from FGD gypsum application were those with greater soil test P (P = 0.0002) and lower cation exchange capacity (P = 0.0087) values.

Core Ideas

Not all sites benefit from flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum application.

FGD gypsum is useful in reducing water‐soluble P in soil and the potential for P in runoff.

Sites with high soil test P and low cation exchange capacity benefit more from FGD gypsum.
Chemistry of Natural Organic Matter—The Next Step: Commentary on a Humic Substances Debate
Authors: Myneni Satish C. B.
Published: March 2019

Natural organic matter (NOM) is ubiquitous on the Earth surface and influences every biogeochemical reaction wherever it is present, and its impact on reactions varies with its abundance, structure, and chemistry. Because of decades of field and laboratory studies conducted on NOM in different environments, we are moving away from treating it as a black box to developing molecular structure–based approaches in investigations of soil, sediment, and aquatic systems and are beginning to make major advances in the detailed understanding of the molecular and structural characteristics of NOM, which in turn are helping in deciphering the biochemical processes involved in its evolution in the environment. Yet, many questions remain: How does NOM exist in different soil and aquatic environments? How should we obtain NOM from a sample, and does the isolated NOM represent the NOM in a sample? Do the geochemical reactions explored with extracted NOM represent the reality? How can we study NOM in situ? Here I present a synopsis of critical perspectives on the state of NOM research and a commentary on the reviews and debate presented in this special section on the NOM nomenclature, extraction procedures, and studies involving NOM in different environmental processes.
Environmental and Agricultural Relevance of Humic Fractions Extracted by Alkali from Soils and Natural Waters
Authors: Olk D. C. , Bloom P. R. , Perdue E. M. , McKnight D. M. , Chen Y. , Farenhorst A. , Senesi N. , Chin Y.‐P. , Schmitt‐Kopplin P. , Hertkorn N. , Harir M.
Published: March 2019

To study the structure and function of soil organic matter, soil scientists have performed alkali extractions for soil humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA) fractions for more than 200 years. Over the last few decades aquatic scientists have used similar fractions of dissolved organic matter, extracted by resin adsorption followed by alkali desorption. Critics have claimed that alkali‐extractable fractions are laboratory artifacts, hence unsuitable for studying natural organic matter structure and function in field conditions. In response, this review first addresses specific conceptual concerns about humic fractions. Then we discuss several case studies in which HA and FA were extracted from soils, waters, and organic materials to address meaningful problems across diverse research settings. Specifically, one case study demonstrated the importance of humic substances for understanding transport and bioavailability of persistent organic pollutants. An understanding of metal binding sites in FA and HA proved essential to accurately model metal ion behavior in soil and water. In landscape‐based studies, pesticides were preferentially bound to HA, reducing their mobility. Compost maturity and acceptability of other organic waste for land application were well evaluated by properties of HA extracted from these materials. A young humic fraction helped understand N cycling in paddy rice (Oryza sativa L.) soils, leading to improved rice management. The HA and FA fractions accurately represent natural organic matter across multiple environments, source materials, and research objectives. Studying them can help resolve important scientific and practical issues.

Core Ideas

Humic substances have long been extracted from soils, waters, and organic materials.

Their chemical composition has well represented that of natural organic matter.

Compost maturation and composition are well represented by their properties.

Soil humic studies elucidated metal and organic xenobiotic binding and nutrient cycling.

Their quantities and composition in soil respond to field treatments.
Factors Affecting Soil Desiccation Spatial Variability in the Loess Plateau of China
Authors: Zhao Chunlei , Shao Ming'an , Jia Xiaoxu , Zhu Yuanjun
Published: March 2019

Core Ideas

Soil desiccated patterns varied with soil layers in the Loess Plateau (LP).

Soil in grassland and forestland was more desiccated than that in cropland.

Soil desiccation in the LP was jointly controlled by climate and non‐climate factors.

Soil desiccation has occurred widely across the Loess Plateau (LP) of China because of excessive depletion of soil water by artificial ecosystems and limited long‐term rainfall recharge. This may lead to soil degradation and failure of afforestation efforts, which threatens ecosystem health in the LP. However, spatial characteristics and controlling factors of soil water generally vary within different soil layers. This has implications of vegetation recovery in the LP and has been overlooked in previous studies. This study investigates the spatial characteristics of soil desiccation in different layers from the 0‐ to 5‐m depth across the entire LP and explores the relationships between soil desiccation and environmental factors. The soil desiccated index (SDI) in the 0‐ to 1‐m soil layer was patchy, while in the 1‐ to 5‐m soil layer, the degree of soil desiccation generally increased from southeast to northwest following a gradient of decreasing rainfall. Soil desiccation in the forestland and grassland were more severe than that in the cropland because of higher evapotranspiration, lower precipitation recharge and lower soil water holding capacity. Soil desiccation at the shallow depth (0–1 m) was mainly attributed to climate factors whereas deep soil desiccation (1–5 m depth) was more likely attributed to the joint effects of climate factors and non‐climate factors. The results of this study can help develop practical sustainable land management practices, regional water budgets and help restoration of environment in the LP of China.
Performance Evaluation Using the Discrete Choquet Integral: Higher Education Sector
Authors: SÜLKÜ Seher Nur , KOÇAK Deniz
Published: March 2019

Performance evaluation functions as an essential tool for decision
makers in the field of measuring and assessing the performance under the
multiple evaluation criteria aspect of the systems such as management, economy,
and education system. Besides, academic performance evaluation is one of the
critical issues in higher institution of learning. Even though the academic
evaluation criteria are inherently dependent, most of the traditional
evaluation methods take no account of the dependency. Currently, the discrete
Choquet integral can be proposed as a useful and effective aggregation operator
due to being capable of considering the interactions among the evaluation
criteria. In this paper, it is aimed to solve an academic performance
evaluation problem of students in a university in Turkey using the discrete
Choquet integral with the complexity-based method and the entropy-based method.
Moreover, the k-means method, which
has been widely used for evaluating students’ performance over 50 years, is
used to compare the effectiveness and the success of two different frameworks
based on discrete Choquet integral in the robustness check. Our results
indicate that the entropy-based Choquet integral outperforms the
complexity-based Choquet and k-means
method in most of the cases.
DO DIREITO DA LIBERDADE À SOLIDARIEDADE
Authors: Menezes Anderson Alencar de , Moura Dalmo Cavalcante de
Published: March 2019

O tema da Solidariedade na atualidade é muito instigante, tendo em vista os acontecimentos atuais que estamos presenciando na Europa e em outros continentes, a assim chamada crise dos imigrantes ou crise humanitária tem várias denominações. Nossas colocações acerca do tema da Solidariedade estão baseadas nas formulações do filosofo alemão da Teoria Crítica chamado Axel Honneth (1949). Pensamos este texto a partir da concepção de Liberdade proposta por Honneth na obra: O Direito da Liberdade (2015). Essa obra foi publicada inicialmente em 2011 em Berlim na Alemanha. Essa obra foi formulada durante 5 anos de estudo. A discussão se desenvolve tendo como base conceitual a contribuição de Hegel e sua Filosofia do Direito. A pretensão de Honneth é desenvolver a justiça social como análise da sociedade. Assim, como o pensamento de Hegel a questão dos valores da sociedade liberal-democráticas está no valor que consegue unir todos os outros, a Liberdade.
Boosting the Limited Use of Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists Through New Agents for Hyperkalemia
Authors: Athyros Vasilios G. , Sachinidis Alexandros G. , Zografou Ioanna , Simoulidou Elisavet , Piperidou Alexia , Stavropoulos Nikiforos , Karagiannis Asterios
Published: March 2019

Background:

Hyperkalemia is an important clinical problem that is associated with significant lifethreatening
complications. Several conditions are associated with increased risk for hyperkalemia such as chronic
kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, heart failure, and the use of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)
inhibitors.

Objective:

The purpose of this review is to present and critically discuss treatment options for the management of
hyperkalemia.

Method:

A comprehensive review of the literature was performed to identify studies assessing the drug-induced
management of hyperkalemia.

Results:

The management of chronic hyperkalemia seems to be challenging and includes a variety of traditional
interventions, such as restriction in the intake of the dietary potassium, loop diuretics or sodium polystyrene sulfonate.
In the last few years, several new agents have emerged as promising options to reduce potassium levels in
hyperkalemic patients. Patiromer and sodium zirconium cyclosilicate 9 (ZS-9) have been examined in hyperkalemic
patients and were found to be efficient and safe. Importantly, the efficacy of these novel drugs might allow
the continuation of the use of RAAS inhibitors, morbidity- and mortality-wise beneficial class of drugs in the
setting of chronic kidney disease and heart failure.

Conclusion:

Data support that the recently emerged patiromer and ZS-9 offer significant hyperkalemia-related
benefits. Larger trials are needed to unveil the impact of these drugs in other patients’ subpopulations, as well.
Particularities of IBD Trials in Children
Authors: Turner Dan
Published: March 2019

Pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are similar to the adult-onset type in many aspects, including the necessity of high-quality randomized controlled trials. However, recruiting children into clinical trials is conceptually more challenging than in adults. Furthermore, the long delay between adult and pediatric approval of new drugs leads not only to the unbearable extensive use of these drugs as off-label without appropriate dosing and safety data but also to more challenges when eventually the pediatric trial is performed. This review offers possible solutions to age-specific pitfalls in performing trials in pediatric IBD. Many of the challenges could be adequately addressed by accepting full extrapolation of efficacy from adult trials. This is advisable if small pharmacokinetics/ pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) studies show similarity to adult data. Then, pediatric trials can focus on dosing and safety while avoiding the controversial use of placebo. Judicious use of non-invasive activity scores and biomarkers, providing immediate and effective treatment in active disease and ensuring equipoise of treatments both within and outside the trial are the mainstay of a feasible trial in children. The recent trend of including adolescents in adult phase-3 trials addresses some obstacles but introduces others. Acknowledging and addressing these age-specific challenges would facilitate pediatric drug development in IBD.
Green Fabrication of Cobalt NPs using Aqueous Extract of Antioxidant Rich Zingiber and Their Catalytic Applications for the Synthesis of Pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles
Authors: Mianai Robabeh Sabaghi , Ghasemzadeh Mohammad Ali , Monfared Mohammad Reza Zand
Published: March 2019

Aim and Objective:

In this study, biological synthesis of cobalt nanoparticles was
developed in the presence of ginger extract as the reducing and capping agent through the simple
and convenient co-precipitation method.

Materials and Methods:

The as-synthesized cobalt nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray
diffraction (XRD), scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), spectra energy dispersive analysis of Xray
(EDS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM)
techniques. According to the vibrating sample magnetometer, cobalt nanoparticles show
paramagnetic behaviour at room temperature. Furthermore, the effect of ginger extract
concentration on the UV-Vis absorbance of Co nanoparticles was investigated. Based on the UVVis
absorbance spectra, increasing ginger extract concentration causes particle size to decrease. In
addition, the catalytic performance of the synthesized cobalt nanoparticles was investigated in the
preparation of pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazoles via one-pot four-component reactions of aryl aldehydes,
hydrazine hydrate, malononitrile and diethyl acetylenedicarboxylate.

Result and Conclusion:

The prepared pyrano[2,3-c]pyrazole derivatives were obtained in high
yields within short reaction times and the nanocatalyst was easily separated using an external
magnet and reused for several times with no significant loss of its activity.
Novel Combination Oncolytic Adenoviral Gene Therapy Armed with Dm-dNK and CD40L for Breast Cancer
Authors: Wang Qiuli , Yang Muwen , Zhang Ye , Zhong Li , Zheng Xinyu
Published: March 2019

Background:

Both Drosophila melanogaster deoxyribonucleoside kinase (Dm-dNK) suicide gene therapy and exogenous CD40 ligand (CD40L)-CD40 interaction in cancer via conditionally replicating adenovirus can selectively kill tumors without damaging normal tissues.

Objective:

To further improve the cancer killing effect, we investigated the therapeutic effect of combined cancer gene therapy based on a selective oncolytic adenovirus vector containing Dm-dNK suicide gene and exogenous CD40L on breast carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo.

Methods:

A series of conditionally replicating adenoviruses using adenovirus vector P74 were generated: P74-dNK, P74-CD40L (expressing Dm-dNK or CD40L respectively), and P74-dNK-CD40L (expressing combined Dm-dNK and CD40L). Breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MCF-7) and non-tumor cell line (MRC5) were treated with adenovirus and cytotoxicity determined by MTT assay, and apoptosis assessed by flow cytometry after 72h. We also assessed in vivo cell killing efficiency using a mouse xenograft model with MDA-MB-231 cells.

Results and Discussion:

Co-expression of Dm-dNK and CD40L reduced cell proliferation of MDAMB- 231 or MCF7 cancer cells, and induced more apoptosis in TERT and CD40 positive cancer cells, but not normal MRC5 cells. Significant reduction in tumor volume was also seen in combined treatment arms as compared to any single treatment.

Conclusion:

Our data suggest enhanced, selective tumor cell killing using combined gene therapy with conditionally replicating adenovirus containing Dm-dNK suicide gene and exogenous CD40 ligation (CD40L-CD40).
An in silico Approach to Identify Potential NDM-1 Inhibitors to Fight Multidrug Resistant Superbugs
Authors: Barman Seema , Phukan Bonashree , Borah Partha Sarathi , Puzari Minakshi , Sharma Mohan , Chetia Pankaj
Published: March 2019

Background: Antibiotic resistance is a global threat and the emergence of Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) bacteria compromises the treatment options, limiting the number of available drugs. New Delhi Metallo-beta-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) mediated drug resistance is one of the mechanisms associated with multidrug resistance.  Objective: In our study, reverse chemogenomics technique was applied for identification of potential NDM-1 inhibitors from plant sources to combat the issue of drug resistance in Gram-negative bacteria.  Method: Computational methodologies were employed to understand and validate the molecular interaction between the target protein and the ligands. A total of 22 plant-based compounds were screened for inhibitory activity against NDM-1 through subsequent comparative molecular docking. The compounds were passed through Lipinski filter and ADME-Tox filter, which represent an important part of drug discovery.  Result: On the basis of optimum molecular docking values, Garcinol was recognized as the most potential NDM-1 inhibitor. However, in Quantitative-Structure Activity Relationship assessment, Ajugasterone-C showed the least value of minimum inhibitory concentration. Most of the compounds were found to comply with Lipinski rule of 5 and showed good results in ADME-Tox filtration.  Conclusion: Garcinol and Ajugasterone-C were found to possess drug like characteristics and can act as potential NDM-1 inhibitors.
Synthesis, Characterization, Quantum-Chemical Calculations and Cytotoxic Activity of 1,8-Naphthalimide Derivatives with Non-Protein Amino Acids
Authors: Marinov Marin N. , Naydenova Emilia D. , Momekov Georgi T. , Prodanova Rumyana Y. , Markova Nadezhda V. , Voynikov Yulian T. , Stoyanov Neyko M.
Published: March 2019

Background: The 1,8-Naphthalimides constitute an important class of biologically active, DNAbinding
compounds. There are no available data on the synthesis of 1,8-naphthalimide derivatives with nonprotein
amino acids and their biological activity. The aim of this paper was to determine the synthesis, structural
characterization and cytotoxic activity of new 1-(1,3-dioxo-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-2(3H)-yl)cycloalkane-1-
carboxylic acids with 5-, 6-, 7-, 8- and 12-membered rings as well as 2-(1,3-dioxo-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-2(3H)-
yl)adamantane-2-carboxylic acid and 1-(1,3-dioxo-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-2(3H)-yl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-
1-carboxylic acid.

Methods: The target compounds were obtained by an interaction of 1,8-naphthalic anhydride with a series of
non-protein amino acids. The optimized geometry and harmonic vibrational frequencies have been calculated by
DFT employing B3LYP functional using 6-31G(d,p) basis set. An ab initio (MP2 and Hartee-Fock) and DFT
(different functionals) using several basis sets have been applied for NMR calculations. The cytotoxic effects of
the synthesized compounds are assessed against two human tumor cell lines, namely K-562 (chronic myeloid
leukemia) and HUT-78 (cutaneous T-cell lymphoma) after 72 h exposure, using the MTT-dye reduction assay.
The apoptogenic effects and the ability to modulate the NFκB-signaling pathways were determined using commercially
available ELISA kits.

Results: All compounds inhibited the growth of malignant cells at micromolar concentrations whereby compound
4b (1-(1,3-dioxo-1H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-2(3H)-yl)cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid) demonstrated superior
activity in both cell lines with IC50 values comparable to those of the reference anticancer drug melphalan.

Conclusion: New 1,8-naphthalimide derivatives with non-protein amino acids were successfully synthesized.
Quantum-chemical calculations were performed to elucidate the structure of the newly synthesized compounds.
There is a proper alignment between theoretical and experimental results. The cytotoxicity of the synthesized
products against two human tumor cell lines, namely K-562 and HUT-78 was evaluated. All compounds inhibited
the growth of malignant cells at micromolar concentrations. The pharmacodynamics evaluation of compound
4b showed that its cytotoxicity is mediated by induction of apoptosis and inhibition of NFκB-signaling.
Corilagin Inhibits Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Inducing DNA Damage and Down-Regulation of RNF8
Authors: Qiu Fanghua , Liu Lifang , Lin Yu , Yang Zetian , Qiu Feng
Published: March 2019

Background:

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), the most prevalent histologic subtype of esophageal cancer, is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis and a high incidence in the East. Corilagin, an active component present in Phyllanthus niruri L., has been shown to suppress tumor growth in various cancers. However, the effects of corilagin on ESCC and the mechanisms for its tumor suppressive function remain unknown.

Methods:

Cell proliferation was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and colony formation assays. Annexin V/PI double-staining was performed to assess cell apoptosis. Immunofluorescence staining and western blotting were used to evaluate the protein expression. A xenograft mice model was used to assess the in vivo antitumor effects of corilagin alone or in combination with cisplatin.

Results:

We for the first time showed that corilagin was effectively able to inhibit ESCC cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis. Additionally, our results validated its antitumor effects in vivo using a xenograft mouse model. Mechanistically, we found that corilagin caused significant DNA damage in ESCC cells. We found that corilagin could significantly attenuate the expression of the E3 ubiquitin ligase RING finger protein 8 (RNF8) through ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, leading to the inability of DNA damage repair response and eventually causing cell apoptosis. Furthermore, we also showed that corilagin substantially enhanced the antitumor effects of chemotherapy drug cisplatin both in vitro and in vivo.

Conclusion:

Our results not only provided novel and previously unrecognized evidences for corilagin-induced tumor suppression through inducing DNA damage and targeting RNF8 in ESCC, but also highlighted that corilagin might serve as an adjunctive treatment to conventional chemotherapeutic drugs in ESCC patients.
Scientific Papers and Patents on Substances with Unproven Effects
Authors: Jargin Sergei V.
Published: March 2019

It is evident from reviewing scientific literature that the quality of argumentation in some areas of medical research has deteriorated during the last decades. Publication of a series of questionable reliability has continued without making references to the published criticism; examples are discussed in this review. Another tendency is that drugs without proven efficiency are advertised, corresponding products patented and marketed as evidence-based medications. Professional publications are required to register drugs and dietary supplements to obtain permissions for the practical use; and such papers appeared, sometimes being of questionable reliability. Several examples are discussed in this review when substances without proven effects were patented and introduced into practice being supported by publications of questionable reliability. Some of the topics are not entirely clear; and the arguments provided here can induce a constructive discussion.
Development of a Breath Analyzer for O2 and CO2 Measurement
Authors: Chen Hsuan-Yu , Chen Chiachung
Published: March 2019

Background:

Breath analysis can be used to screen disease and detect physical conditions. Many research studies have investigated various sensors or techniques that were used to detect gas concentrations and temperature. However, the studies were less concerned about the performance of sensors.

Methods:

In this study, we developed and tested a portable breath analyzer for exhaled gas measurement. We detected air flow rate, temperature, humidity, CO2 and O2 concentrations. Commercial sensing elements were used to assemble this breath analyzer. All sensors were calibrated to ensure their accuracy. The response times of different sensors were considered. We analyzed breath during three states; 1) seating and resting for 5 min, 2) walking for 5 min and 3) running for 5 min in test participants. Fifteen students 20 to 34 years of age were the test participants.

Results:

Heat, humidity and CO2 production and O2 consumption were calculated from these measured data and were used to assess the performance of the analyzer. The Respiratory Quotient (RQ) were estimated by the ratio of VCO2 to VO2. The RQ values for resting, walking and running states were 0.899, 0.865 and 0.785, respectively. Walking and running significantly increased the heat and humidity production of the human body, corresponding to the human physiological function.

Conclusion:

The RQ value is usually in the range of 0.8 to 0.85. The measurement results for our exhaled analyzer were close to this range. From the respiratory quotient values, the performance of this breath analyzer was reasonable.
Retail Display Properties and Consumer Perception of Extended Aged Beef Topically Treated with Ascorbic Acid and Rosemary Extract
Authors: Colle Michael J. , Richard Ron P. , Colle Matt C. , Loucks Will I. , Murdoch Gordon K. , Bass Phil D. , Williams Christopher J. , Doumit Matthew E.
Published: March 2019

Extended aging increases browning and decreases redness in fresh beef. The goal of this study was to test an already proven combination of antioxidants (0.05% ascorbic acid + 0.1% rosemary extract) using a method that could be applied at the retail level to simply and effectively extend the shelf-life of extended aged beef. The specific objective was to analyze the effect of topical application of ascorbic acid and rosemary extract on color, lipid oxidation, microbial growth, and sensory perception of beef longissimus lumborum (LL; n = 12) and semimembranosus (SM; n = 12) muscles wet aged at 0°C for 14, 28, and 42 (extended aging period) days. After aging, steaks were cut, sprayed with 2 mL of a 0.05% ascorbic acid + 0.1% rosemary extract solution (treated) or untreated (control), and subjected to retail display. Antioxidant treated LL steaks had greater (P < 0.05) L* (lightness) values, but lower (P < 0.05) a* (redness) and b* (yellowness) values than control steaks. Furthermore, antioxidant treatment decreased (P < 0.05) browning on d 4 of retail display compared to control steaks. Consumers scored antioxidant treated SM steaks as less tender on d 28, more juicy on d 14 but less juicy on d 18 and 42. Antioxidant treatment did not affect lipid oxidation, microbial growth, or sensory flavor scores. As expected, longer aging periods resulted in less color stability of LL and SM steaks. Although the antioxidant treatment resulted in measurable subjective color improvements, these improvements are likely not detectable by the consumer.
Ketersediaan Fasilitas dan Tenaga Kesehatan Dalam Mendukung Cakupan Semesta Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional
Authors: Misnaniarti Misnaniarti , Hidayat Budi , Pujiyanto Pujiyanto , Nadjib Mardiati , Thabrany Hasbullah , Junadi Purnawan , Besral Besral , Purwoko Bambang , Trihono Trihono , Yulaswati Vivi
Published: March 2019

Abstrak

Ketidakmerataan ketersediaan fasilitas kesehatan, tenaga kesehatan dan kondisi geografis yang sangat bervariasi, menimbulkan potensi melebarnya ketidakadilan pemanfaatan kesehatan pada masyarakat di beberapa wilayah di Indonesia. Tujuan tulisan ini adalah untuk mengetahui ketersediaan fasilitas dan tenaga kesehatan (khususnya dokter spesialis) dalam mendukung pelaksanaan JKN. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terbukti bahwa ketersediaan faktor suplai (FKTL, TT, dan tenaga dokter spesialis) dalam mendukung kebijakan JKN secara umum jumlahnya masih belum mencukupi serta distribusinya belum merata di setiap wilayah kab/kota. Rasio FKTP dan FKTL per penduduk cenderung lebih tinggi di wilayah luar Jawa/Bali. Rasio dokter spesialis per penduduk lebih tinggi di wilayah Jawa/Bali, sedangkan rasio TT di RS cenderung hampir sama range-nya di semua wilayah. Distribusi penyebarannya cenderung tidak merata hampir di semua wilayah. Rekomendasi bagi Pemerintah Daerah diharapkan mempunyai komitmen untuk memenuhi dari sisi suplai pelayanan kesehatan agar penduduk yang sakit dapat mengakses fasilitas kesehatan dengan mudah.
Generalidades y aporte al estudio de las turbinas tipo Darrieus
Authors: Rolón Ortiz Humberto Alejandro , Acevedo Peñaloza Carlos , Villamizar González Yesenia
Published: March 2019

Este trabajo desarrollo el modelamiento y simulación de un rotor Darrieus para conversión de energía hidrocinética. Para hacerlo, se calculó el porcentaje de energía convertida a partir del modelo de doble disco y múltiples tubos de corriente (DMST). En primer lugar se debió estudiar el perfil aerodinámico de manera individual; para hacerlo, era necesario obtener las curvas de sustentación y arrastre para posteriormente extrapolarlas a partir del método de extrapolación de Montgomery para lo cual se desarrolló un programa en MATLAB. Teniendo los datos extrapolados se procedió a realizar un programa que ejecutara el modelo matemático para obtener la curva Cp Vs TSR, que es la curva característica de los rotores Darrieus, dicho programa se realizó en MATLAB. Como método de validación de los datos del modelo matemático se optó por hacer una simulación CFD en Ansys fluent, se comparó con los trabajos analíticos y experimentales de la bibliografía y finalmente se produjo un prototipo a escala del rodete.

Palabras Clave: CFD,Hidrocinética,Modelo matemático,Simulación
Incidencia de la cultura y la condición socioeconómica en el proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje desarrollado en las ciencias empresariales
Authors: Rueda Vera Gerson
Published: March 2019

El objetivo de la investigación se centró en conocer si las variables: conocimiento de la interculturalidad, lugar de residencia,percepción de igualdad, y la realidad socioeconómica, son relevantes para el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje en los programasde ciencias empresariales de la Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander (Cúcuta-Colombia) se abordó desde lo rurbano y laeducación intercultural, con una metodología cuantitativa, de estudio descriptivo correlacional, con la encuesta comoinstrumento de recolección de datos, aplicada a 105 docentes y 420 estudiante, Resultados. Existe un conocimiento del tema,hay poca preocupación por conocer el contexto del estudiante, se conserva un espacio de dialogo sin discriminación dentro delas aulas. Conclusión: Es necesario mejorar las orientaciones que están direccionadas al perfeccionamiento de las habilidades ydestrezas que pueda adquirir el sujeto para el desarrollo de una profesión, indistintamente de su procedencia, nivel social ycantidad de recursos que posea. Palabras Claves:  Educación,Inclusión,Intercultura,Rurbano
Coopetencia, modelo de Gestión Empresarial para Mipymes de Ocaña
Authors: Cárdenas García Maribel , Velasco Burgos Blanca Mery , Cañizares Arévalo Jorge de Jesús
Published: March 2019

El presente artículo se fundamentó en el diagnóstico situacional efectuado a las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas(Mipymes) de Ocaña, Norte de Santander, producto de la investigación principal, que tuvo como propósito promover elcrecimiento y desarrollo económico de las Mipymes; para lo cual, se conformó una corporación bajo el modelo de gestiónempresarial “coopetencia”, en aras de lograr la transformación de su accionar bajo la perspectiva social, ambiental y empresarial,desde una mirada de Ocaña como ciudad de negocios, innovadora, inteligente, emprendedora, disminuyendo la huellaecológica que por la operación sin planificación amenaza los recursos naturales y la dignidad laboral. La metodologíaaplicada se enmarcó bajo el enfoque cuantitativo, con un nivel de investigación descriptiva y exploratoria, un diseñodocumental y de campo, como instrumento de recolección de información se aplicó la encuesta a 64 Mipymes del municipio.Los principales resultados demostraron que el 98% de los encuestados desconocen los requisitos legales ambientalesaplicables a su actividad económica, donde se evidenció la sinergia entre el empleador-empleado y su relación con el entorno,así mismo, se resaltan las fortalezas encontradas en lo concerniente al proceso administrativo y económico de las Mipymes.Finalmente se vislumbra la necesidad de enfocar y aunar esfuerzos que organicen todas las estrategias competitivas de lasMipymes con perspectivas de responsabilidad social empresarial, ambiental, de seguridad y salud en el trabajo, incorporandofactores diferenciadores que les permitan ser sustentables, productivas y competitivas en los diferentes mercados.

Palabras Claves: Coopetencia,Desarrollo Sostenible,Globalización Económica,Responsabilidad Social Empresarial
Construcción de un marco teórico para las ciencias de la gestión
Authors: Foliaco-Gamboa Julio Enrique , Foliaco-Albino Mayra Esperanza
Published: March 2019

El pensamiento complejo, las ciencias de la complejidad y la auto-organización son los nuevos referentes teóricos para las ciencias de la gestión en el marco de la ciencia contemporánea. Instituciones internacionales como la Escuela de Humanismo y Gestión (HEM) en Canadá, la Escuela de Economía de Londres (LSE), y el Instituto Santa Fe (SFI) en USA, así como las corrientes de pensamiento de la Escuela de Frankfurt liderada por Max Horkheimer y la Escuela Postmodernista de Michael Foucault, han enriquecido la construcción de una epistemología para las ciencias de la gestión. Los propósitos específicos son: 1. Analizar las teorías y críticas recibidas por la gestión clásica y lineal provenientes del pensamiento post – estructuralista; 2.Destacar las teorías y la praxis de esta nueva corriente teórica para la gestión; 3. Comparar los conceptos de gestión post-estructuralistas con la evolución de las ciencias de la gestión; y 4. Identificar ámbitos de acción específicos donde se generen cambios estructurales en los programas académicos de las ciencias de la gestión. Palabras Claves: Auto - organización,Ciencias de la complejidad,Ciencias de la gestión,Estudios críticos de gestión,Pensamiento complejo,Post - estructuralismo,Sistemas adaptativos complejos
Enfrentamento do mosquito Aedes aegypti por os agentes de combate às endemias
Authors: De Jesus Sampaio Lucileide , Rui Cotrim Duete Robson , Santos Lago Luciana
Published: March 2019

Esta pesquisa objetivou conhecer como se dá o enfrentamento do mosquito Aedes aegypti por os Agentes de Combate às Endemias (ACEs) do município de Castro Alves, BA. Esta investigação de campo é um estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa e teve como participantes 16 ACEs que atuam no combate ao mosquito. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi um questionário formado por 15 perguntas (6 objetivas e 9 subjetivas) e subdividido em duas partes: a primeira consistiu de perguntas referentes às características dos participantes e a segunda, a questionamentos específicos. As respostas às perguntas subjetivas foram transcritas na integra e as demais foram analisadas, utilizando técnicas da estatística descritiva. Os resultados obtidos permitiram atingir os objetivos propostos ao descrever o enfrentamento do mosquito por os ACEs e destacando a deficitária participação da população no combate e/ou controle do mosquito Aedes aegypti.
Atendimento sistematizado de enfermagem à pessoa vítima de intoxicação por carbamato (chumbinho)
Authors: Guimarães Gentil Fraga Beatriz , Reis de Sousa Anderson , Da Silva Santana Thiago
Published: March 2019

O carbamato, popularmente conhecido como chumbinho, é utilizado como raticida de forma irregular, gerando ocorrências nas unidades de urgência e emergência. Assim, é importante que a comunidade saiba identificar os sinais e sintomas para realizar o primeiro atendimento e que os profissionais tenham habilidade para prestar um atendimento sistematizado. Nesse contexto, o objetivo do presente taralho é levantar as produções científicas referentes ao atendimento sistematizado de enfermagem à pessoa vítima de intoxicação por carbamato, no Brasil, no período de 2012 a 2017. Trata-se, portanto, de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada a partir da seguinte questão norteadora: qual o conhecimento disponível nas bases de dados BVS e Scielo acerca do atendimento sistematizado de enfermagem à pessoa vítima de intoxicação por carbamato? Os trabalhos mostram que a equipe de enfermagem deve inicialmente identificar uma intoxicação por carbamato através dos sinais e sintomas e realizar ações sistematizadas de forma a reverte-los, entre elas, monitorização, lavagem gástrica, intubação endotraqueal, aspiração traqueobrônquica, oxigenoterapia e o uso de carvão ativado. O conhecimento da população bem como dos profissionais da equipe de enfermagem é muito importante para poder agir de forma rápida e eficiente nos casos de intoxicação/envenenamento por carbamato. Todavia, em grande parte dos artigos científicos pesquisados, não foram encontrados dados relativos às ações realizadas pela equipe de enfermagem, pela dificuldade em encontrar prontuários completos.
A formação docente a partir do pensameto de Sitja
Authors: Souza Rony Henrique
Published: March 2019

Este trabalho é de cunho teórico-analítico e objetiva, a partir de um diálogo com o pensamento de Liege Maria Sitja Fornari, docente da Universidade do Estado da Bahia, apresentar cinco novas categorias de formação docente presentes em um capítulo de sua tese de doutoramento. As cinco categorias acadêmicas partem de um percurso que vai da negação ao tecnicismo para conceber os espaços formativos como possíveis clareiras do ser. Este trabalho justifica-se pela necessidade de, constantemente, diante dos desafios contemporâneos, pensar novas possibilidades de formação docente. Durante esta construção, além de fundamentarmos na pensadora inspiração deste artigo, dialogaremos com o pensamento do existencialista alemão Martin Heidegger.
Kullanılmış Ni-Mo Hidrodesülfürizasyon Katalizöründen Nikel Okzalat Dihidrat Üretimi
Authors: İLHAN Sedat
Published: March 2019

Kullanılmış
Ni-Mo HDS katalizörü, değerli metallerin geri kazanımı için önemli ikincil
kaynaklardan biridir. Geri kazanım prosesleri hem çevresel hem de ekonomik
açıdan önem arzetmektedir. Oksitleyeci kavurma sonrasında Ni-Mo HDS
katalizörünün % 5.27 Ni içerdiği belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada oksitleyici
kavurmaya tabi tutulan Ni-Mo HDS katalizöründen okzalik asitli çözeltilerde NiC2O4∙2H2O
üretimi incelenmiştir. ICP-OES analizinden çözeltideki nikel konsantrasyonunun
deneyin başında arttığı, bir maksimum değere ulaştıktan sonra azalmaya
başladığı görülmüştür. NiC2O4∙2H2O’ın iki
adımda konsekütif reaksiyon sonucunda oluştuğu tespit edilmiştir. 1/10
katı/sıvı oranı ile 40 oC sıcaklık, 1 M okzalik asit çözeltisi, 300
rpm karıştırma hızı kullanılarak 480 dakika süre ile gerçekleştirilen deney
sonucunda % 99.1 verimle NiC2O4∙2H2O
üretilmiştir. Kuru hava atmosferinde gerçekleştirilen TG-DTA analizi, üretilen
NiC2O4∙2H2O’ın iki kademede bozunduğunu ve 350
oC civarında tamamlanan ikinci bozunma kademesinden sonra tamamen
NiO’e dönüştüğünü göstermiştir.
ANFIS ile Kendiliğinden Yerleşen Beton Basınç Dayanımının Tahmini
Authors: TOPÇU İlker Bekir , OLGUN Mehmet Ozan , GÜLBANDILAR Eyyüp
Published: March 2019

Kendiliğinden yerleşen betonun

(KYB) son yıllarda beton teknolojisindeki en büyük gelişme olduğu söylenebilir.

KYB’ler vibratör kullanılmaksızın çok sık donatılı ve karmaşık kesitli

yapılarda yüksek dayanım vermektedir. KYB içeriğindeki; süper akışkanlaştırıcı

kullanımı, viskozite artırıcı katkı kullanımı, su/bağlayıcı oranı, kum/toplam

agrega oranı ve toplam iri agrega miktarı gibi özellikler açısından normal

betondan farklıdır. Bu çalışma, KYB’lerde süper akışkanlaştırıcı katkıların

oranıyla betondaki basınç dayanımının ve su/çimento oranındaki değişimleri,

Uyarlamalı Sinirsel Bulanık Çıkarım Sistemleri (ANFIS) tahmin modeli ile

araştırmak için tasarlanmıştır. Bu modeli inşa etmek için; çimento dozajı (300,

400 ve 450), KYB oranı ve çimento/su oranı giriş değişkeni olarak 28 günlük

basınç dayanımı çıkış değişkeni seçilerek ANFIS modeli oluşturulmuştur.

Tasarlanan modelin eğitiminde toplam 63 veri setinden rastgele olarak seçilen

53 adet veri kullanılmıştır. Eğitilen modelin test edilmesi içinde 10 adet veri

seti kullanılmıştır. Test parametrelerinden elde edilen sonuçlar ile deneysel

sonuçlar karşılaştırıldığında tasarlanan modelim 28 günlük basınç

dayanımlarının tahmininde (R2=0,933, p<0,001, c=0,966) şeklinde

başarılı sonuçlar ortaya koyduğu görülmüştür.  
The Chemistry Competency Achievement of SMA Negeri 7 Palu Students Using Predict, Observe, and Explain (POE) Learning Model
Authors: Ijirana Ijirana , Wahyuni Sri
Published: March 2019

This study is aimed to derive a description of learning result improvement on salt hydrolysis material by implementing POE (Predict, Observe, Explain) learning model on the students of grade XI at SMA Negeri 7 Palu. This study was a pre-experimental within Static Group Comparison design. Sampling was carried out in a simple random with class XI MIA 1 as the experiment class and XI MIA 5 as the replication class. The instruments used in this study divided into 3 competencies, the affective competency using an observation sheet, the psychomotor competency using self-assessment questionnaire and the cognitive competency using a final test. Statistical inferential analysis using t-test one right side by requiring normal and homogeneous data. The average psychmotor competency of students in the XI MIA 1 is 81, whilst for replication class is 79. The average cognitive competency of students in XI MIA 1 is 77 with deviation standard of 10.55, whilst for replication class is 75 with standard deviation of 12.98. The result of hypothesis test using t-test one right side is tcalculated ttable or 3.32 1.71, whilst for replication class is 1.851.72, so H0 was rejected. This result concludes that the implementation of POE learning model in Grade XI students at SMA Negeri 7 Palu improves learning achievement on salt hydrolysis material to be more than competency minimum standard of 70.
MUATAN PENDIDIKAN RAMAH ANAK DALAM KONSEP SEKOLAH ALAM
Authors: Sayekti Ika Candra , Sari Novita Wulan , Sasarilia Megan Nina , Primasti Nabila Alfarina Mutiara
Published: March 2019

Abstract: The purpose of this research was to describe the implementation of friendly school children in Muhammadiyah Alam Surya Mentari Elementary School of Surakarta. The research methods used qualitative method because the data presented are words. If seen from the problems studied, this research is a descriptive research. Data was collected by interviewing, observing, and documentation. Validate data with triangulation of sources and methods. The data in this research are information from principals, teachers and students at Muhammadiyah Alam Surya Mentari Elementary School of Surakarta The results of the research describe that in the new student Admission there is no special selection, especially in terms of academic for students who register, this school also proved to receive children with special needs, while in the process of learning teacher always use a variety of learning methods with interesting media and teachers evaluate at the end of the chapters and end sub themes, midterm exam, final exam, and tasks. For student practice, students are helped by a worksheet prepared by the teacher. The results of this research explained that Muhammadiyah Alam Surya Mentari Elementary School of Surakarta has completed the indikator that must be owned by Child Friendly School.
QUE SIGNIFICA UNA DERIVA DE PISO INELÁSTICA LIGERAMENTE SUPERIOR AL DOS POR CIENTO
Authors: Aguiar Roberto , Del Castillo Fernando
Published: March 2019

La deriva máxima de piso permitida por la Norma Ecuatoriana de la Construcción de 2015, establece que la deriva de piso inelástica máxima sea del 2%. En este artículo se realiza el análisis sísmico de uno de los pórticos que más daño sufrieron del Parqueadero de la ULEAM, durante el terremoto de 2016 (M=7.8) y que tuvo deriva de piso máxima ligeramente superior al 2%; interesa que se conozca como quedaron las columnas de los pórticos que tuvieron esas derivas, con el propósito de que no se subestime las fisuras que aparecen en los elementos estructurales y se piense que solo son a nivel de recubrimiento por esta razón se presentan fotos de las mismas cuando se estaba inyectando resina epóxica. Por otra parte se presenta los criterios que llevaron al reforzamiento de la estructura, mediante encamisado con FRP, acero, diagonales de acero y TADAS.
Bond Flows and Liquidity: Do Foreigners Matter?
Authors:   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Christensen Jens H. E. , Fischer Eric ,   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Shultz Patrick ,   Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania
Published: March 2019

In their search for yield in the current low interest rate environment, many investors have turned to sovereign debt in emerging economies, which has raised concerns about risks to financial stability from these capital flows. To assess this risk, we study the effects of changes in the foreign-held share of Mexican sovereign bonds on their liquidity premiums. We find that recent increases in foreign holdings of these securities have played a significant role in driving up their liquidity premiums. Provided the higher compensation for bearing liquidity risk is commensurate with the chance of a major foreign-led sell-off in the Mexican government bond market, this development may not pose a material risk to its financial stability.
Didáctica de la comunicación oral en E/LE en Senegal: estado de la cuestión y perspectivas de potenciación en enseñanza secundaria
Authors: Diop Papa Mamour
Published: March 2019

En Senegal, las disposiciones programáticas y metodológicas contemplan, de manera explícita, el desarrollo de la competencia de comunicación oral en el aula de Español Lengua extranjera. Sin embargo, las prácticas docentes reducen dicha enseñanza a un diálogo profesor-alumno y a una mera memorización o recitación de un texto. Por ello, basándose en los principios de los enfoques comunicativos y las aportaciones del Marco Común Europeo de Referencia para las Lenguas, se examinan algunas teorías, estrategias y actividades que potencian la didáctica de la lengua oral con miras a la construcción de la competencia comunicativa de los discentes.
El síndrome de Alonso Quijano: un motivo intertextual en la narrativa breve de Juan Bonilla
Authors: Pérez Dalmeda Esther
Published: March 2019

Este artículo examina el motivo del síndrome de Alonso Quijano en la narrativa breve de Juan Bonilla. Partiendo del análisis del concepto del síndrome y a través de varios relatos del autor, pretende comprender el empleo de la intertextualidad en la obra de Bonilla y cómo el síndrome de Alonso Quijano constituye un vínculo intertextual interno que aporta contenido a la vez que estructura la obra del autor. El síndrome de Alonso Quijano se basa en el empleo de la intertextualidad entendida como una herramienta unificadora desde el punto de vista formal, pero también una herramienta de estilo, que embellece los textos y los actualiza a la vez que los sumerge en la ficción y les dota de ironía y humor.