bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transconjunctival flap sutures: A novel technique to combat hypotony
Authors: Maheshwari Devendra , Shyam Priyanka , Pawar Neelam , Ramakrishnan Rengappa
Published: February 2022

Background:

Hypotony secondary to overfiltration is a recognized complication following trabeculectomy. Persistent hypotony requires intervention .

Purpose:

We describe a modified version of placing conjunctival compression sutures directly over the scleral flap.

Synopsis:

A 70-year-old male patient diagnosed with primary open angle glaucoma in both eyes underwent combined surgery in the right eye. On the tenth post-operative day, the patient presented with severe hypotony with 360° choroidal detachment. He was treated with corticosteroids and cycloplegics but developed hypotony maculopathy on the subsequent follow-up. Hence, he was further managed surgically by trans-conjunctival flap sutures to which he responded favorably with resolution of choroidal detachment and improvement in intraocular pressure and visual acuity.

Highlights:

Transconjunctival suturing of the scleral flap is an effective and minimally invasive treatment to prevent visual loss from hypotony maculopathy for an overfiltering bleb following trabeculectomy.

Online Video Link:

https://youtu.be/BJtUZcyQZ-w
Relationship between optical coherence tomography angiography and visual evoked potential in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Ava Sedat , Tamam Yusuf , Hazar Leyla , Karahan Mine , Erdem Seyfettin , Dursun Mehmet Emin , Keklikçi Ugur
Published: February 2022

Purpose:

This study aimed to identify an easy-to-apply biomarker by correlating visual evoked potential (VEP) with optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) results in multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods:

Our study was planned prospectively. Patients with MS were divided into two groups, VEP prolonged group 1 and VEP normal group 2. Age-matched and gender-matched healthy individuals (group 3) were included as the control group. Vascular density (VD) of the optic nerve head (ONH) and radial peripapillary capillaries (RPCs) were measured and recorded by OCTA. The optic nerve damage of patients was measured and recorded with a VEP device.

Results:

Thirty-two eyes were included in group 1, 50 eyes were included in group 2, and 51 healthy eyes were included in group 3. In terms of visual acuity, group 1 was significantly lower than the other groups (P < 0.001). Regardless of the prolongation of p100 latency in patients with MS, whole image, inside disc ONH VD and in the same sectors in RPC VD were found to be significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.05). Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was found to be significantly lower in group 1 than in group 2 and group 3 (P < 0.05). There was a significant correlation between low ONH VD and RPC VD and prolonged VEP P100 (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

VEP measurements can be correlated with OCTA measurements in patients with MS and can be used as a biomarker to determine the degree of optic nerve damage.
Clinical profile and treatment outcomes of Fusarium keratitis
Authors: Khurana Ashi , Kumar Ajit , Chauhan Lokesh
Published: February 2022

Purpose:

To determine the seasonality, clinical profile, and treatment outcome of Fusarium keratitis.

Methods:

A retrospective medical chart review of 97 patients with culture-proven Fusarium keratitis at a tertiary eye care institution from January 2018 to December 2019.

Results:

The median (SD) age at enrollment was 44.6 (16) years; 75 (79.8%) of them were male. Presence of infiltrate less than 4 mm2 at baseline indicated 4.4 times the odds of achieving final BCVA more than 20/60 (95% CI: 1.4–13.3; P = 0.008). The absence of surgical management indicated 8.1 times the odds of achieving final BCVA of more than 20/60 (95% CI: 0.9–71.5; P = 0.06). The visual acuity at presentation, duration between symptoms and presentation, history of ocular trauma, previous use of topical medications, and presence of hypopyon were not identified as significant predictors of final BCVA in the multivariable regression analysis.

Conclusion:

Smaller infiltrate size and absence of surgical management are the significant predictors of good visual outcome. Visual outcome of Fusarium keratitis is poor, and a significant number of patients did not respond to anti-fungal therapy and had to undergo surgeries. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest case series on Fusarium keratitis to date.
Biotin Supplementation in Children with Symptomatic Profound Biotinidase Deficiency and their Pregnant Mothers
Authors: Mishra Ranjana , Gupta Meenakshi Bothra , Mukherjee Sharmila B. , Lomash Avinash , Gupta Sangeeta , Kapoor Seema
Published: February 2022

Background:

Biotin is the coenzyme of multiple carboxylases involved in gluconeogenesis, fatty acid synthesis, and amino acid catabolism. Biotinidase (BTD) deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder affecting the biotin cycle. It disrupts endogenous biotin recycling and results in multiple carboxylase deficiency depending upon the level of enzyme activity. Children with profound deficiency often present in infancy with neurocutaneous manifestations. Management of symptomatic children or screen-positive newborns is lifelong oral supplementation with biotin. There may be partial or complete resolution of symptoms in the former.

Clinical Description:

We describe two unrelated families diagnosed as profound BTD deficiency, with three affected children in each family. The first family had two symptomatic surviving children, a 2-year-old boy with seizures, developmental delay, and hearing loss, and a 1.5-month-old boy with seizures. Diagnosis was established while ascertaining etiology for seizures refractory to multiple anticonvulsant therapy. The second family was referred for postconceptional counseling following two infantile deaths with similar phenotype, early-onset seizures, encephalopathy, and acute metabolic decompensation.

Management:

The affected children in the first family showed a dramatic response in seizure controls with oral biotin though the other symptoms such as developmental delay and hearing loss remained unaffected. Mother was advised regarding prenatal diagnosis in the next pregnancy but was unwilling. In the second family, stored genetic material from the earlier affected infant revealed a pathogenic homozygous indel in the BTD gene, which was confirmed in utero in the subsequent pregnancy. Both women were started on oral biotin on the lines of antenatal management of holocarboxylase synthetase deficiency. After birth, therapy was continued on the confirmation of profound BTD deficiency in both babies. They have remained asymptomatic on follow-up; the first baby till a year and the second till 3 months.

Conclusion:

There is a considerable phenotypic variability in profound BTD deficiency. Early detection and prompt treatment with biotin may result in complete resolution of some symptoms and ameliorate others. Antenatal biotin supplementation in families at high risk or with prenatal diagnosis of BTD deficiency may have a favorable outcome in affected progeny.
Acute Salpingitis Presenting with Acute Abdomen in a Pre-pubertal Girl
Authors: Babu Thirunavukkarasu Arun , Balakrishnan Padmapriya , Sharmila Vijayan Arun
Published: February 2022

Background:

An acute abdomen in children is often a challenging scenario for clinicians as it is caused by various medical and surgical conditions. Although symptomatology and specific clinical findings point directly to few causes, thorough history and in-depth clinical examination help to systematically narrow down the differential diagnosis.

Clinical Description:

We report a rare case of acute salpingitis in an 8-year-old prepubertal female child presenting with acute abdominal pain and fever for 3 days. Examination revealed diffuse abdominal tenderness with guarding and rigidity along with an ill-defined, tender mass in the right iliac fossa.

Management:

Abdominal ultrasound showed a hyperechoic mass in the right iliac fossa and the appendix was not visualized. The child was kept nil oral and started on broad-spectrum antibiotics. However, the child developed abdominal distension and worsening of pain over the next 24 h. The child was taken up for emergency laparotomy, and a complex mass in the right iliac fossa adherent to small bowel and covered by omentum was noted. Histopathological examination of the excised right iliac fossa mass showed acutely inflamed right fallopian tube. Normal appendix was noted in the postoperative ultrasonogram.

Conclusion:

It is important to differentiate surgical causes from nonsurgical ones to avoid unnecessary surgery and its complications. Salpingitis may mimic acute appendicitis because of nonspecific symptomatology and radiological signs and should be considered as a differential diagnosis for acute abdomen, even in a prepubertal female child.
An Integrative Approach to Detect Protein–Energy Wasting Among Chronic Kidney Disease Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Premalatha Sunitha , Shivani Namratha , Yadav Vaishnavi , Anandh Urmila
Published: February 2022

Background:

Malnutrition is a major predictor of overall outcome in patients on hemodialysis. Regular and frequent evaluation of the nutritional status of these patients is advisable.

Aims and Objectives:

This study aimed to look at nutritional status of a hemodialysis cohort and to evaluate whether multiple assessment tools improve the detection of malnutrition in this cohort.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective study in two outpatient hemodialysis centers was conducted over 6 months. Stable patients without any irreversible organ damage and preserved cognitive function were included in the study. Data collected included demographics, comorbid conditions, and baseline laboratory investigations. The nutritional assessment tools included body mass index (BMI), 7-point Subjective Global Assessment, Global Leadership In Malnutrition (GLIM), handgrip strength, and body composition analysis.

Results:

A total of 121 subjects (77 males, 44 females) participated in the study. Based on BMI, only 14% were underweight. 7-point SGA detected 77 malnourished subjects, whereas according to GLIM criteria, all patients had some degree of malnutrition. Body composition analysis showed depleted total body protein mass in majority of patients. There was a correlation between total body protein mass and handgrip strength. The assessment tools showed some degree of correlation in patients who were malnourished.

Conclusions:

Use of a single assessment tool often underdiagnoses malnutrition in hemodialysis patients. An integrative approach using multiple evaluation tools may be beneficial in these groups of patients.
Renovascular Hypertension
Authors: Banka Anand
Published: February 2022

Understanding the mechanisms and implications of renovascular disease remains an important challenge for clinicians caring for patients with hypertension. Renovascular hypertension is suspected when the onset of hypertension occurs before the age of 30 or after the age of 50, or when previously stable hypertension becomes more difficult to control. This article briefly reviews pathophysiology of Renovascular Hypertension, clincal pointers diagnostic tests and management of renovascular hypertension.
Modalities and Essentials of Simulation Facility for Facilitation of Clinical Skills to Medical and Nursing Students
Authors: Sharma Rakesh , Vishwas A S , Jelly Prasuna , Chadha Lisa , Stephen Shine , Rao Shalinee
Published: February 2022

The use of simulation is a unique teaching–learning approach in medical and nursing education to empower undergraduates with desired clinical skills. Simulation duplicates the events from the real world and influences the learner in a naturalistic setup and evokes a real experience to the learner. This method of learning facilitates students to practice multiple times to attain proficiency in a particular technique without compromising on patient safety. They can rely on simulation exercises in clinical skill laboratories (CSL), which boost their confidence level, reduce anxiety, and promote satisfaction before performing or dealing in real clinical settings. Simulation has been widely used for formative evaluation and is a reliable assessment tool as it ensures a high level of objectivity. The simulation-based approach in undergraduate medical and nursing education is an effective way of learning that can be incorporated into the educational strategy. This article presents the evolutionary growth, modalities, prerequisites, usefulness, and challenges for simulation-based learning.
Liver Injury among Coronavirus Disease Patients
Authors: Sharma Tarika , Singh Jitender
Published: February 2022

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), also known as Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is a novel coronavirus first identified in December 2019 and has a broad spectrum of clinical presentations. With the expansion of related research, it was found that in addition to respiratory symptoms, digestive involvements and liver injury were reported among COVID-19 patients. Abnormal liver function was observed in cases of COVID-19, manifesting mainly as isolated elevated serum transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase levels. The current review highlights the possible explanation for liver injury among COVID-19 patients.
Prognostic factors for treatment response and survival outcomes after first-line management of Stage 4 non-small cell lung cancer: A real-world Indian perspective
Authors: Garg Avneet , Iyer Hariharan , Jindal Vinita , Vashistha Vishal , Ali Ashraf , Jain Deepali , Tiwari Pawan , Mittal Saurabh , Madan Karan , Hadda Vijay , Guleria Randeep , Sati Hem Chandra , Mohan Anant
Published: February 2022

Background:

Indian data on treatment outcomes and survival in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain scarce.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective review of 537 advanced NSCLC patients treated at a tertiary care facility in North India from January 2008 to March 2018 was done to assess treatment response and survival in terms of objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).

Results:

Median age of enrolled patients was 60 years (range: 26–89 years). The majority were males (78.2%) and smokers (66.5%). Adenocarcinoma (51.2%) was the most common pathological type. Most patients had good performance status (PS) (the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group [ECOG] 0 or 1 in 55.7%) and received conventional chemotherapy (86.6%). ORR and DCR after 3–4 months of first-line treatment were 55.2% and 71.75%, respectively (n = 223). Never smokers had better ORR as well as DCR compared to chronic smokers whereas treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors achieved significantly better ORR, and patients with good PS had better DCR compared to those with poor PS. Median PFS (n = 455) was 7.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.7–14.0) and median OS was 11.7 months (95% CI: 5.5–29.9 months). Good PS and nonsmoking status were independent predictors of better PFS on multivariate analysis. For OS, good PS, nonsmoking behavior, and treatment with epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors were independent predictors.

Conclusion:

In advanced NSCLC, never-smokers, and patients with good baseline ECOG have favorable treatment and survival outcomes. Treatment with targeted therapy results in better ORR and OS but did not affect PFS.
Interventional pulmonology during COVID times: A look back at the year gone by
Authors: Kottaisamy Ramasubramaniam , Aggarwal Manish Kumar , Goyal Rajiv
Published: February 2022

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic has created an unprecedented crisis, affecting every sphere of human life. A major challenge for health care workers (HCWs) is to care for patients with a highly contagious airborne disease, while making sure of their own safety. Interventional pulmonology (IP) procedures, like bronchoscopy, are particularly risky due to significant aerosol generation. Guidelines by several scientific bodies were framed on the precautions to be taken while performing IP procedures. We evaluated the IP procedures performed during the COVID-19 pandemic, and whether the precautions adopted proved adequate in preventing transmission amongst the HCWs involved in these procedures.

Method:

We performed a retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent IP procedures between March 2020 and November 2020, at a tertiary cancer hospital. We also evaluated the proportion of HCWs, who were involved in these procedures, and were affected by COVID-19, through their health care records.

Results:

We performed a total of 506 IP procedures. Two of the 18 HCWs, working in that unit, suffered from COVID-19 and recovered after a mild illness. Three HCWs were isolated with suspected infection but proved to be negative. The procedures in our IP unit were uninterrupted for the entire duration of the study period.

Conclusion:

IP procedures can be safely performed even in the presence of a highly contagious viral pandemic with adequate precautions.
A rare primary tracheal tumor
Authors: Iyer Hariharan , Pahuja Sourabh , Mohan Anant , Barwad Adarsh
Published: February 2022

A 20-year-old male without any prior comorbidities presented with 6-month history of hemoptysis as the sole symptom. Clinico-radiological profile and bronchoscopy were suggestive of a tracheal mass. This clinico-pathologic conference discusses the differential diagnoses of primary tumors of the trachea and their management options.
Comparative study of conventional Ziehl−Neelsen and bleach concentration method in detecting acid-fast bacilli in fine-needle aspiration material of lymph nodes
Authors: Mandal Parnajeet , Ghosh Soma , Banerjee Abhijit , Banerjee Uma
Published: February 2022

Background:

Tuberculosis (TB), specific infectious disease, affects most of the organs of the human body. Extrapulmonary TB manifests commonly as lymphadenopathy. Emergence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome warrants the rapid diagnosis to limit its spread.

Aim and Objectives:

The application of bleach concentration method in detecting tubercle bacilli in the material obtained by fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of lymph nodes, evaluating sensitivity of bleach concentration method over conventional direct smear method in diagnosing tubercular lymphadenitis, detecting bacilli in the background of granuloma formation.

Materials and Methods:

The prospective, hospital-based, cross-sectional study was carried out in a study population of 78 patients where 15 cases got eliminated following the cytological diagnosis of malignancy and inadequacy of sample. Patients with lymphadenopathy underwent FNA after clinical examination, history taking, and informed consent. The aspirated material was stained with Leishman, H and E, conventional Ziehl−Neelsen (ZN), and bleach concentration method. Data were collected and statistical analysis done.

Results:

The predominant age group affected was (16–30) years with male preponderance. 44.44% cases were cytomorphologically diagnosed with tuberculous lymphadenitis. Acid-fast Bacilli (AFB) was found in 23 cases by conventional ZN method and 39 cases by bleach concentration method. Sensitivity of bleach method was 92.35% compared to 54.76% in conventional ZN method. Bacilli positivity was more in cases presenting with necrosis than with granuloma alone.

Conclusion:

Bleach method for detecting AFB is more sensitive than conventional ZN method. It is safe, inexpensive, easy to perform, requires no additional equipment, and safe to handle in laboratory.
Frequency of PIK3CA mutations in different subsites of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in southern Thailand
Authors: Dechaphunkul Arunee , Thongwatchara Phatcharaporn , Thongsuksai Paramee , Dechaphunkul Tanadech , Geater Sarayut Lucien
Published: February 2022

Background: Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) mutations have been reported in many cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The frequency of these mutations varies among tumor locations and might be relevant to treatment outcomes among HNSCC. In this study, we examined the frequency of PIK3CA mutations in the different subsites of HNSCC.Methods: Ninety-six fresh biopsy specimens were investigated for mutations in PIK3CA exons 4, 9, and 20 using allele-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction. Patient characteristics and survival were analyzed and compared between specimens with or without PIK3CA mutations.Results: The study included primary tumors originating from the oral cavity (n=63), hypopharynx (n=23), and oropharynx (n=10). We identified mutations in 10.4% of patients (10 of 96 specimens). The overall mutational frequency was 17.4% (4/23) and 9.5% (6/63) in the hypopharynx and oral cavity, respectively. No patients with oropharyngeal carcinoma had mutations. Among the 10 mutant specimens, five were missense mutations (exon 9 [E545K] in two samples and exon 20 [H1047R] in three samples) and five were silent mutations in exon 20 (T1025T). Mutations were not found in exon 4. Among 84 patients with available clinical data, we found no significant differences in clinical characteristics and survival based on the presence or absence of PIK3CA mutations.Conclusions: The results indicate that PIK3CA mutations are involved in HNSCC carcinogenesis, and the hypopharynx should be considered a primary site of interest for future studies, particularly in Southeast Asian populations.
On threshold solutions of the equivariant Chern–Simons–Schrödinger equation
Authors: Li Zexing , Liu Baoping
Published: February 2022

We consider the self-dual Chern–Simons–Schrödinger model in two spatial dimensions.
This problem is

L^2

-critical. Under the equivariant setting, global well-posedness and scattering were proved in Liu and Smith (2016) for a solution with initial charge below a certain threshold given by
the ground state. In this work, we show that the only nonscattering solutions with threshold charge
are exactly the ground state up to scaling, phase rotation and the pseudoconformal transformation.
We also obtain a partial result for the non-self-dual system.
Positive Lyapunov exponent for random perturbations of predominantly expanding multimodal circle maps
Authors: Blumenthal Alex , Yang Yun
Published: February 2022

We study the effects of independent, identically distributed random perturbations of amplitude

\varepsilon > 0

on the asymptotic dynamics of one-parameter families

\{f_a\colon S^1 \to S^1, a \in [0,1]\}

of smooth multimodal maps which are “predominantly expanding”, i.e.,

|f'_a| \gg 1

away from small neighborhoods of the critical set

\{ f'_a = 0 \}

. We obtain, for any

\varepsilon > 0

, a
checkable, finite-time
criterion on the parameter

a

for random perturbations of the map

f_a

to exhibit (i) a unique stationary measure and (ii) a positive Lyapunov exponent comparable to

\int_{S^1} \log |f_a'| \, dx

. This stands in contrast with the situation for the deterministic dynamics of

f_a

, the chaotic regimes of which are determined by typically uncheckable, infinite-time conditions. Moreover, our finite-time criterion depends on only

k \sim \log (\varepsilon^{-1})

iterates of the deterministic dynamics of

f_a

, which grows quite slowly as

\varepsilon \to 0

.
Long-time dynamics of a hinged-free plate driven by a nonconservative force
Authors: Gazzola Filippo , Bonheure Denis , Webster Justin , Lasiecka Irena
Published: February 2022

A partially hinged, partially free rectangular plate is considered, with the aim of addressing
the possible unstable end behaviors of a suspension bridge subject to wind. This leads to a
nonlinear plate evolution equation with a nonlocal stretching active in the spanwise direction. The
wind-flow in the chordwise direction is modeled through a piston-theoretic approximation, which
provides both weak (frictional) dissipation and nonconservative forces. The long-time behavior of
solutions is analyzed from various points of view. Compact global attractors, as well as fractal
exponential attractors, are constructed using the recent quasi-stability theory. The nonconservative
nature of the dynamics requires the direct construction of a uniformly absorbing ball, and this relies
on the superlinearity of the stretching. For some parameter ranges, the nontriviality of the attractor
is shown through the spectral analysis of the stationary linearized (non-self-adjoint) equation and
the existence of multiple unimodal solutions is shown. Several stability results, obtained through
energy estimates under various smallness conditions and/or assumptions on the equilibrium set, are
also provided. Finally, the existence of a finite set of determining modes for the dynamics is demonstrated, justifying the usual modal truncation in engineering for the study of the qualitative behavior of suspension bridge dynamics.
Geometry and holonomy of indecomposable cones
Authors: Alekseevsky Dmitri V. , Cortés Vicente , Leistner Thomas
Published: February 2022

We study the geometry and holonomy of semi-Riemannian, time-like metric cones that are indecomposable, i.e., which do not admit a local decomposition into a semi-Riemannian product. This includes irreducible cones, for which the holonomy can be classified, as well as non irreducible cones. The latter admit a parallel distribution of null

k

-planes, and we study the cases

k=1

in detail. We give structure theorems about the base manifold and in the case when the base manifold is Lorentzian, we derive a description of the cone holonomy. This result is obtained by a computation of certain cocycles of indecomposable subalgebras in

\mathfrak{so}(1,n-1)

.
Case Report: Unremitting COVID-19 Pneumonia, Viral Shedding, and Failure to Develop Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies for More Than 6 Months in Patient with Mantle Cell Lymphoma Treated with Rituximab
Authors: Berktas Bahadir M. , Koyuncu Adem
Published: February 2022

Severe cases of COVID-19 are being reported in patients with comorbidities and drug-induced immunosuppression. The risk seems to depend on the type of immunosuppressive agents used, and it is particularly high with rituximab because of its long-lasting effects. We report a 71-year-old man with COVID-19, mantle cell lymphoma, and rituximab-associated immunodeficiency. His COVID-19 clinical course was severe, unremitting, prolonged, and with frequent acute exacerbations requiring hospitalization. Viral shedding and failure to develop anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibodies continued for at least 6 months.
Challenges and Prospects for the Art Market Vis-à-vis the Evolving EU Regime for Counteracting Illicit Trade in Cultural Objects (Erika Bochereau talks to Alicja Jagielska-Burduk and Andrzej Jakubowski)
Authors: Jagielska-Burduk Alicja
Published: February 2022

Erika Bochereau is Secretary General of the International Federation of Art and Antique Dealer Associations (CINOA).
Established in 1935, CINOA is the principal international confederation of Art & Antique art market professional associations. Affiliated dealers from 30 leading associations cover a wide array of specialties, from antiquities to contemporary art. CINOA’s associate members include leading associations of auction houses and the International League of Antiquarian Booksellers (ILAB), which alone represents an additional 22 book seller associations. CINOA, and all of its member organizations, have a strict application process to ensure acceptance of only peer-vetted art professionals that have established businesses, reputable galleries, and/or practices. CINOA-affiliated groups abide by a high standard of business practices and codes of ethics which include strict due diligence. During the past nearly 70 years, dealers have been changing their practices to abide by biodiversity, cultural property, and heritage legislation. The CINOA Code of Conduct is updated regularly to reflect these changes. The vast majority of CINOA’s members are businesses of four people or less who work hard to cultivate their clientele: http://www.cinoa.org. UNESCO uses the term partnership for very specific relationships. I don’t think we can keep this sentence.

Alicja Jagielska-Burduk is Editor-in-chief of the “Santander Art and Culture Law Review” (SAACLR) and the holder of the UNESCO Chair in Cultural Property Law at the University of Opole.

Andrzej Jakubowski serves as SAACLR Deputy Editor-in-chief and Leader of the project “Legal Forms of Cultural Heritage Governance in Europe – A Comparative Law Perspective”, No. UMO-2019/35/B/ HS5/02084, financed by the National Science Centre (Poland). The present interview was undertaken within the framework of this research project.
Brazil’s International Cultural Heritage Obligations and the Potential Use of Alternative Dispute Resolution Mechanisms for Illicit Trafficking Disputes
Authors: Soares Anauene Dias , Ivette Esis Villarroel , Esis Villarroel Ivette
Published: February 2022

The protection of cultural heritage from illicit trade is today a global imperative, and the return of unlawfully removed cultural goods is essential to enforce cultural rights. Indeed, every community has the right to enjoy its cultural heritage and keep alive its collective memory. While referring to these general objectives of contemporary international cultural heritage law and policy, this article seeks to explore those instruments of the Brazilian national legislation that could be effectively applied to combat the illicit trafficking of cultural goods. To this end, it first outlines the relationship between Brazil’s international law obligations and its national legislation in respect of cultural heritage. In other words, it explains how these obligations have been implemented in the national legal system and to what extent they have affected actual regulatory solutions. Next this article identifies and debates, through hermeneutic analysis, those legal provisions and instruments of the Brazilian law which could be used to prevent the illicit transfer of cultural goods. It also recalls the Banco Santos case, which provides a clear example of the shortcomings and pitfalls of the current legal system for the protection of cultural heritage in Brazil. Finally, this article advocates mediation as an alternative method of cultural heritage-related dispute settlement, particularly regarding cases of illicit trade.
Balance of Rights in Directive 2019/790 on Copyright in the Digital Single Market – Is the Opt-out Clause Sufficient for the Protection of Author’s Moral Rights?
Authors: Jerzyk Karolina
Published: February 2022

Digitization is an important process taking place within contemporary legal systems, leaving its fingerprints on different branches of law and forcing changes to traditional industries while not sparing the system of cultural heritage protection. Cultural institutions are nowadays facing the challenge of combining mass digitization with public access to works which are part of their collections. At the same time they are struggling with the applicable copyright law. The new EU Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market addresses those needs, introducing a system of extended licencing granted by Collective Management Organizations (CMO) and facilitating an easier access to works which, due to their unresolved copyright status, were not ready to be publicly displayed. This article addresses the problem of striking a balance between the private and public interests involved in this process by analysing the opt-out procedure to the new licencing scheme, and confronting it with the traditional protection granted to authors based on moral rights. It seeks to answer the question whether the new opt-out system is sufficient to protect an author’s interests arising from his or her moral rights, and whether such interests would also be sufficiently safeguarded after an author’s death (post mortem auctoris).
Polish Teacher Competencies in Teaching Students from Migrant Backgrounds in Preparatory Classes
Authors: Pamuła-Behrens Małgorzata
Published: February 2022

The number of students in the Polish education system from migrant backgrounds has regularly increased in the second decade of the 21st century. Many of them arrive with little to no literacy in Polish. The educational system was not prepared to accommodate these new students; Poland was previously considered an emigration country as opposed to an immigration one. Polish classes were linguistically and culturally homogeneous and teachers rarely had Polish language learners in their classrooms. They were not used to teaching multicultural, mixed, and heterogeneous groups of students and most have to find teaching strategies to best respond to new students who were also learning Polish.

Changes in Polish educational laws in 2016 opened up the possibility of preparatory classes (PC) (oddziały przygotowawcze) in schools, although some schools decided to challenge this. In this paper, teachers’ competencies in teaching the newly arrived students in reception classes is discussed. This research was carried out with the goal of understanding teachers’ beliefs, experiences, attitudes, and competencies in this completely new context in their professional experience, namely teaching students from a migrant background in preparatory classes, as well as students who need language or academic support, require intercultural education and a friendly learning environment, or for whom curricula in regular classes were not accessible.
The Articulated Involvement of Stakeholders in Social Innovation Research. The CHILD-UP approach
Authors: Dondi Claudio , Gimigliano Edoardo , Katerberg Edwin , Raouane Julie , Turrini Monica
Published: February 2022

The article focuses on the role of stakeholder involvement in social innovation research, exploring the reasons, strategies and difficulties associated with the dialogue between researchers and stakeholders. More than an original research article, it has the modest ambition of making a contribution to the current debate on the role of stakeholders in social research, based on the approach and results to date of an ongoing research project on the integration of migrant children, CHILD-UP, funded by the EU Horizon 2020 Programme in the period 2019–2022. In contrast to major contributions that focus on the relationship between researchers and policymakers, this article refers to many different categories of stakeholders, some of which are only active at the level of grassroots practice. Rather than focusing on the direct relation between researchers and decision makers, CHILD-UP has adopted a broader, predominantly bottom-up approach to how research results can influence current practices and future policies.

After a general introduction referring to mainstream contributions on the subject, the articulated and decentralised approach of the CHILD-UP Project is described and discussed in the central part of the article. The purpose of this part is not to present the project in itself, but to illustrate how the general approach to stakeholder involvement has been translated into structures and activities that are considered an integral part of the research project.

The final sections report results of interviews with project researchers and build on formative evaluation exercises conducted as the project has concluded its first two years of activity. According to these conclusions, the dialogue between researchers and stakeholders, although recognised as necessary and useful, it still has to overcome a number of difficulties of different nature and requires further efforts to produce all its potential benefits.
Reflective Practice as a Manifestation of Intercultural Competences in the Work of Teachers
Authors: Majcher-Legawiec Urszula
Published: February 2022

The article is a form of pedeutological reflection embedded in the context of a new professional and social situation that requires teachers and other school employees to quickly adapt to changes and add new social, intercultural and advanced digital competences. The author argues that certain workshop shortcomings will not have a significant impact on the education process, if the teacher retains the ability to flexibly reflect on their actions and approach their tasks. The effectiveness of didactic activities in a culturally and linguistically heterogeneous class will not only depend on the teacher’s skills, but also on how reflectively the teacher approaches their work.
Online OSCE in pharmacy education: Strategies to preserve academic integrity of high-stakes assessment
Authors: Krishnan Sunanthiny , Chuang Sara , Mak Vivienne
Published: February 2022

The Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is a highly valued performance-based competency assessment that is extensively employed in medical and health professions education. In pharmacy undergraduate programmes, OSCE is an integral component of the curriculum, constituting both formative and summative assessments of the course. When the COVID-19 pandemic posed an overarching challenge in the delivery of face-to-face teaching and learning activities, academic institutions around the world ineluctably transitioned to online mode of education. Conducting OSCEs on virtual platforms presents its unique set of challenges. In the absence of physical isolation and invigilation of students, the risk of cheating and collusion is particularly high during virtual OSCEs. With the experience of conducting high-stakes OSCEs on virtual platforms at two different campuses simultaneously, the authors outline several strategies that can be implemented to ensure the academic integrity of the assessment.
Governance, Commissioning and Public Health
Authors: Marks Linda
Published: February 2022

By exploring the impact of different dimensions of governance on decision-making, this book argues that governance and population health are inextricably linked. Relevant to students, practitioners, policy-makers and anyone interested in governance and decision-making for public health.
Reforming Healthcare
Authors: Greener Ian , Harrington Barbara E. , Hunter David J. , Mannion Russell , Powell Martin
Published: February 2022

Reforming Healthcare: What's the Evidence? is the first major critical overview of the research published on healthcare reform in England from 1990 onwards by a team of leading UK health policy academics.
How Close Encounters of the Completely Unanticipated Kind Led Me to Becoming Co-Editor of Frontiers
Authors: Frankel Steven
Published: February 2022

This document is my co-editor’s initial statement. It reviews my entry into the field of trauma and dissociation and the pathways and events that took place in my professional life that led to my becoming co-editor of Frontiers, an online journal, created by ISSTD in order to provide a platform for clinicians to share clinical interventions and approaches to treatment of a very deserving population
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) in Complex Trauma and Dissociation: Reflections on Safety, Efficacy and the Need for Adapting Procedures
Authors: González Anabel
Published: February 2022

Currently there is a heated debate in the scientific community between supporters and detractors of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy as an alternative for the treatment of dissociative disorders. In my opinion, this debate is being raised in terms that lead to some conceptual confusion. In this article, I will discuss the reasons for the existence of such contradictory perspectives and define proposals to solve what I see as a false dilemma. In order to guide the application of EMDR in complex trauma and dissociation, I discuss the following main topics: keeping in mind some kinds of emotion dysregulation, helping the patient to be part of a collaborative decision-making, and introducing bilateral stimulation in a progressive way.
The Relationship of Mental Telepathy to Trauma and Dissociation
Authors: Farber Sharon
Published: February 2022

When we regard telepathy as a weird new-age concept, we can easily lose sight of how psychoanalysis seems to so many patients to be a form of mind-reading. The paranormal has always been controversial in psychoanalysis, and Freud’s deep interest in it has been marginalized. Several studies have found that a person with a history of trauma and dissociation will be more likely to report a high frequency of psychic or paranormal experience than a person who does not have such a history (Carpenter, 2015). The reasons for this will be explored, and a case demonstrating telepathic communication between a very dissociated, traumatized patient and her therapist will be presented. Using an information-processing model, I will illustrate how the patient’s subsymbolic information became converted to the verbal symbolic by means of my use of evoked images.
The First Individual with Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) That One Knowingly Diagnoses and Treats
Authors: Middleton Warwick
Published: February 2022

This paper represents additional background to a recently published commentary in Frontiers in the Psychotherapy of Trauma and Dissociation concerning alleged satanic ritual abuse, maladaptive daydreaming, false memories and organized abuse. Such issues are referenced here to the first individual the author knowingly diagnosed as having Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID). The complexities of even this first such case made it desirable to assemble a conceptual framework for accurate and inaccurate memories of reported trauma. This lead naturally to an inventory of personal self-directed advice, assembled in order to try and enjoy a reasonably safe and harmonious career working in the trauma and dissociation field.
The Memory Wars in England: A Personal and Professional Experience
Authors: Sinason Valerie
Published: February 2022

The term “false memory syndrome” originated in America in 1992 and spread to the UK in 1993. In the context of the success of the women’s movement in focusing on domestic abuse and then child abuse, the term was seductively softer than calling a victim a liar. Working with abuse survivors in the U.K. at that time, the author witnessed the process whereby, if this scientifically non-existent syndrome was to be publicly accepted, then the anger had to be directed elsewhere. It went, via the media, who are not held back by professional codes in the way a clinician is, to the professionals, especially psychotherapists, who had heard the allegation and therefore must have caused it. The author shows how the success of this anti-professional campaign, aided and abetted by disinformation and denial, affected work with abuse survivors ever since then. Psychoanalysts and psychotherapists who had previously worked in confidential privacy now found their work was being attacked and clinicians working in public service were subject to all kinds of reporting procedures if the allegations involved children. The author describes her own experiences of this. A paradigm shift led to both greater transparency and awareness of trauma but also more directives over treatment protocols. The author was working in the National Health Service (NHS) as a Consultant Psychotherapist when these attacks began. Although her work in revealing the level of sexual abuse experienced by children and adults with an intellectual disability was praised, the moment she reported from a piece of clinical work that involved allegations of ritual abuse, personal media attacks began that have continued ever since. The author warns that whenever society declares that a particular kind of abuse is never possible (as it sounds so bizarre), paedophiles are the only ones who benefit.
Recovered Memories of Child Sexual Abuse: Forgetting to Remember and Remembering to Forget, Part 1: A Perennial Controversy
Authors: Solinski Sylvia
Published: February 2022

This is the first of three articles on recovered memories of child sexual abuse. The controversy regarding recovered memories of sexual abuse is perennial and numerous clinical studies document the phenomenon. Study designs are variable and a number of methodological issues are explored. The recovery of memory is independent of the veracity of memory and there is consensus among a range of professional organizations that recovered memories are a valid entity. The second and third articles examine various approaches to elucidating the nature of memory and how it is affected by traumatic events.
Recovered Memories of Child Sexual Abuse: Forgetting to Remember and Remembering to Forget, Part 3: The Role of Dissociation in Extraordinary Forgetting
Authors: Solinski Sylvia
Published: February 2022

This is the third of three articles on recovered memories of child sexual abuse. The results of laboratory studies on memory cannot be generalized to individuals with a history of childhood sexual abuse in whom memory disturbances are prevalent. Trauma is defined and identified as the driver of dissociation. The nature of dissociation and dissociative processes are explored, and the relationship to memory impairment is examined with an emphasis on the mechanisms of compartmentalization and detachment. Memory and the self are inextricably linked, and dissociation results in the fragmentation of autobiographical narrative. Contrary to what is often assumed, memory content is not the appropriate focus of trauma therapy and it is imperative that therapists working with survivors of child sexual abuse are adequately trained.
Rehabilitation of partially edentulous arch using semi precision attachment: an aesthetic approach
Authors: Nuriyanto Ainy Fitri , Salim Sherman , K. Michael Josef K.
Published: February 2022

The restoration of normal function and esthetic appearance with a dental prosthesis is a major challenge in the rehabilitation of patients who have lost their teeth. In such situation, a fixed removable prosthesis allows favorable biomechanical stress distribution along with restoration of esthetics, phonetics, comfort, hygiene and better postoperative care and maintenance. Prime function of attachment retained partial denture is to distribute the masticatory forces to the wide area thereby reducing the damage to the abutments, soft tissues and bony ridges in addition to improved esthetics and proprioceptive responses. In this case series patient’s esthetic and functional requirements were fulfilled with attachment retained cast partial denture using semi-precision attachments
PENGARUH KOMITMEN ORGANISASI DAN KEPUASAN KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN (BAGIAN PRODUKSI PT. DHARMA POLIMETAL BALARAJA, TANGERANG)
Authors: Isrial Isrial , M. Ifran , Sugina Sugina
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT

Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menguji pengaruh komitmen organisasi dan kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan pada PT. Dharma Polimetal Balaraja, Tangerang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kausal. Populasi penelitian ini adalah karyawan bagian produksi dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 100 responden. Pemilihan sampel dengan menggunakan teknik probability sampling jenis sampel random sampling. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan metode kuesioner dengan skala ordinal. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah uji regresi linear berganda yang dijalankan dengan perangkat lunak Statistical Process Social Science (SPSS). Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa secara parsial antara komitmen organisasi terhadap kinerja karyawan tidak menunjukan adanya pengaruh yang positif; Sedangkan kepuasan kerja berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja karyawan, dan adanya pengaruh komitmen organisasi dan kepuasan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan saecara simultan terdapat pengaruh yang positif.