bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Greek and Immigrant Kindergarteners’ Dietary Habits and BMI: Attica, Greece in Austere Times
Authors:   University of Crete, Chrissini Maria , Tsiligianni Ioanna , Sifaki-Pistolla Dimitra , Tzanakis Nikolaos
Published: December 2020

Objective: In this study, we assessed Greek and immigrant kindergarteners’ and their families’ body mass index (BMI), nutritional habits, and level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet during the Greek austerity period beginning in 2009. Methods: A cross-sectional study in Attica, Greece, during the school year 2016-17, enrolling 578 guardian parents and 578 kindergarteners aged ≥ 5-6 years, from 63 public kindergartens in 36 municipalities in Attica’s prefecture. Results: Immigrant mothers experienced twice as high the unemployment rate (21.3%) than Greek mothers (10.5%), with consequent degradation in food products purchasing (p = .03)(non-Greeks 54.3%, Greeks: 49.1%). BMI rates between Greeks and immigrant participants were similar, with significant variations in several lifestyle habits, including Greek parents’ heavier smoking and higher physical activity in parents of different ethnic origin. KIDMED score was “poor” in both Greek and other identity kindergarteners, with slight differences in some of the Mediterranean dietary habits and patterns; strong correlation was expressed between the child’s BMI and KIDMED score, guardian parent’s age, BMI, and overall lifestyle. Conclusions: This study could be a springboard for further research in the understudied population of native and immigrant kindergarteners, reflecting on national and international initiatives and action plans to ensure that their similarities and differences are noted.
Integrating systems and design thinking in transdisciplinary case studies
Authors: Pohl Christian , Pearce BinBin , Mader Marlene , Senn Lisette , Krütli Pius
Published: December 2020

In the new Bachelor-level courseUmweltproblemlösen (Tackling environmental problems), a part of ETH Zurich’s Environmental Sciences Bachelor’s programme, we teach students to zoom in on elements of practice (design thinking) and to zoom out on the whole system (systems thinking). Participants take stakeholders’ interests and needs into account and prepare possible measures, thus developing transformation knowledge and anticipating their future role as transdisciplinary sustainability scientists.Umweltproblemlösen (Tackling environmental problems)is a Bachelor-level course that carries on a long tradition of transdisciplinary (td) case studies in the Environ mental Sciences curriculum at ETH Zurich. Td case studies introduce students to key features of transdisciplinarity. Two corres ponding learning goals of the case studies are 1. to not only analyse problems, but to also suggest solutions, and 2. to take the complexity of the tackled socio-ecological system into account. In the new course we address both learning goals by integrating systems and design thinking. We present this approach in detail to show how features of transdisciplinarity are transferred to learning contexts. We compare it to the approaches of other td case studies by asking how each interprets and addresses the two learning goals. The comparison shows that the case study approaches implicitly impart different ideas about how a td environmental scientist should support societal problem solving. A key difference to previous approach es is that the new course asks students to enter deeply into the world of practice and the stakeholders’ divergent needs.
The practical realities of virtual exchange
Authors: Healy Sandra , Kennedy Olivia
Published: December 2020

This chapter examines practical issues regarding Virtual Exchanges (VEs) for educational purposes in the university context and covers language use, cultural differences, time management, teacher collaboration, technology-related issues, assessment, and context specific factors. It charts the establishment of three academic collaborations between a university in Kyoto, Japan, and institutions in Asia, Africa, and Europe. The first collaboration follows a new hybrid model created at the Japanese university described here. In the Teaching Online Together (TOT) model, teachers in the Philippines interact with students in a tutorial style system to improve the students’ English presentation skills via video conferencing. The second project, with a university in Kenya, is modelled on the intercultural telecollaboration or Cultura-type exchange approach (O’Dowd, 2018). Students from the respective institutions work together asynchronously to complete tasks related to the development of intercultural understanding and sensitivity. The third collaboration, with a university in Belgium, follows a shared syllabus approach (O’Dowd, 2018) in which teachers create course materials for students who then work together both synchronously and asynchronously to achieve their goals.
Musings on virtual exchange in the Asia-Pacific and beyond
Authors: Hagley Eric
Published: December 2020

As Virtual Exchanges (VEs) become more common in foreign language
classrooms around the world, teachers are rightly asking ‘what will my
students be getting from this’? If their students are advanced, they can
enter into in-depth interactions thus attaining broader and deeper
intercultural knowledge as a minimum, from participation in VE. However, for
beginner students, VE also has much to offer. Whether they are simple
intercultural interactions that have a profound effect on students who have
never interacted with people from other countries and cultures or advanced
interactions, VEs have the potential to improve the lives of all who
participate in them. The question then is ‘why are there not more of them’?
This chapter will reflect on the situation in the Asia-Pacific region noting
some of the problems associated with incorporating VEs there. It will also
try to show the importance of a more international approach for the
incorporation of VE into education systems.
Energy Use of Mediterranean Forest Biomass in Sustainable Public Heating Systems and its Effects on Climate Change – Case of Study
Authors: Mayans Juan José , Torrent-Bravo José A. , Lopéz Leticia
Published: December 2020

The municipality of Serra, Valencia, located in the Spanish Mediterranean east coast, covers an area of 5,730 hectares, with 95% of this territory lying within the Sierra Calderona Natural Park and 85% being forest. The main axis of the municipality’s economy has been the construction, reducing the primary sector, resulting in uncontrolled growth of forest and deterioration of the landscape. All this has raised forest fire risk to dangerous levels threatening the natural heritage of Serra and the future of the Serra Calderona Natural Park. The study shows how an adequate model of forest biomass management, through energetic use in sustainable public heating systems, can have positive direct effects in the fight against climate change, considering both economics aspects and environmental effects, and its capacity to contribute to the socioeconomic development of agro forestry regions, fixing its habitants and offering a rural development based on the rational use of their natural resources
Evaluation of Artificial Reservoir Management in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region
Authors: Wilopo Wahyu , Setiawan Hendy , Eka Putra Doni Prakasa
Published: December 2020

The Indonesian government has promoted reservoir (embung) development programs throughout Indonesia. This program is primarily designed at supporting agricultural irrigation, especially in the dry season. However, in its implementation, there are often many obstacles both in technical and management, causing the main purpose of the reservoir construction cannot be achieved optimally. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the condition of the reservoir located in Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region, in terms of physical, institutional, and management constraints. The study was conducted through a direct survey of 9 reservoirs and interviews with managers and residents around the reservoir. The results showed that two reservoirs have small damage in the reservoir building, three reservoirs do not yet have managers, and three reservoirs have not functioned following the purpose of reservoirs development. The obstacle often found in managing reservoirs is the unclear structure for the management of the reservoir, and the existing management is not effectively working. Therefore, the regulation of using reservoir water is not available. It is necessary to have a management organization involving the community and village government where the reservoir is located and also community beneficiaries of agricultural irrigation to guarantee its function and sustainability.
Performance of Microbial Fuel Cell with Variation of External Resistors in Producing Electrical Energy and Removing Organic Compounds in Wastewater
Authors: Hidayat Syarif , Aghnia Dini Widyani , Kardena Edwan , Helmy Qomarudin
Published: December 2020

wastewater into direct electrical energy. In this study, the applied external resistance in the MFC reactor was optimized to determine its optimum conditions in generating electrical energy and removing organic compounds in wastewater. The MFC reactor's performance was evaluated by cell potential, power density, Coulombic efficiency (CE), and organic removal efficiency. The purpose of measuring these parameters is to determine the MFC reactor's performance in producing electrical energy and removing organic compounds for each experiment variation. Biochemical tests were carried out to choose the type of microorganisms in the anode electrode. This measurement is essential for the optimization of environmental conditions for subsequent experiments. MFC reactor with 100 Ω was selected as an optimum condition since it produced the highest power density and efficiency organic removal. In this condition, the CE value was 57%, slightly lower than the MFC reactor with an external resistance of 50 Ω, 65%. Based on biochemical tests, microorganisms that grow on the anode electrode were closed to the Clostridium (Clostridium sp1 and Clostridium sp2), a type of bacteria that belongs to the class of the exoelectrogen. The results showed that the applied external resistance influenced the performance of the MFC reactor. Thus the selection of the proper external resistance is an essential factor in the MFC reactor's operation.
Любовный конфликт героев художественной литературы как предмет риторического анализа
Authors: Lukyanova Tatyana
Published: December 2020

The article describes the love conflict of literary characters as a communicative phenomenon. Special attention is paid to the methods of recognizing love conflict in a literary text, as well as to the genre repertoire of conflict interaction between characters connected by love communication.
Multimedia Teaching in Teaching of College English Reading
Authors: Zhang Wanfang
Published: December 2020

With the advancement of society and the continuous development of information technology, the medium of multimedia has become an indispensable part of college English teaching. Because the traditional Web-based college English has a single teaching method, poor classroom effect, and low interest of students, this paper designs a multimedia teaching system based on a browser/server (B/S) network model and model view controller (MVC) design pattern. It is based on B/S network mode and MVC design mode and composed of a Web service layer, client layer, and database service layer. The system adopts a B/S network mode and MVC design pattern fusion mode to realize hierarchical control and different data categories and refinement and completion of the rational division of teaching resources, thus greatly improving the ability of data circulation in the teaching system. The system function design includes four parts: user registration and login, teacher teaching, student learning, and administrator management. The teacher teaching module completes the teacher’s uploading and online answering function for college English reading materials. The student learning module enables students to obtain classroom content and courses. The design of the system has improved the students’ interest in learning English and the classroom effect has also been significantly improved.
A Modified Approach for Six Sigma Quality Assessment of Product with Multiple Characteristics in Intelligent Manufacturing Environments
Authors: Chen Kuen-Suan , Chang Tsang-Chuan
Published: December 2020

Process quality and yield are always crucial determinants of a firm’s competitiveness; therefore, monitoring and assessment for process quality are vital aspects of their sustainable development. The Six Sigma quality control is based on defect rate and nonconforming units to eliminate factors that cause process defects. Thus, it has become a powerful instrument for manufacturers to achieve the quality goals of only 3.4 defects per million opportunities. However, the originated Six Sigma program is based on the 1.5σ shift in the process mean to recognize the tendency of processes to shift over the long term and achieve this goal. With the production environment of intelligent manufacturing today, manufacturers keep up to date with production performance and then monitor the distance between the process mean shift and the target value at all times. This makes it possible to adopt a more rigorous standard by decreasing in allowable shift to define the quality level in Six Sigma. For this reason, this paper proposes the redefined Six Sigma quality indexes as an assessment tool and has developed a modified approach for Six Sigma quality assessment of products with multiple characteristics. The proposed method uses more rigorous standards to analyze process quality, thereby allowing manufacturers to provide industry partners or consumers with products of higher quality, meet their needs, and even enhance their own industry competitiveness to continue progressing toward sustainability. We present a real-world example to demonstrate the practical applicability of the proposed approach.
Process Optimization of Antimicrobial Treatment on Tencel Knit Fabrics Using Chitosan Biopolymer
Authors: Senthil Kumar B. , Patchiyappan K. M. , Senthil Kumar C. B.
Published: December 2020

The antimicrobial property of plain-knit and rib-knit Tencel fabrics has been analyzed using Taguchi L9 experimental design. The antimicrobial treatment was carried out using surface-modified Chitosan treatment through pad-dry technique. The process parameters, such as yarn count, loop length of knitted fabric, and Chitosan concentration, were independent variables. The antimicrobial characterization was done as per SN 195920. It was found that yarn count and loop length significantly impact the zone of inhibition against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The Chitosan concentration has not influenced the antimicrobial activity of the fabric. The regression models were developed and optimized process parameters were verified through the regression model. Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis have also been done to execute the confirmation of coating effectiveness. In addition, contour graph analysis has been done to understand the influencing pattern of process parameters on response.
Anthropogenic 129I in the South China Sea and coastal waters around Taiwan
Authors: Burr George S. , Matsuzaki Hiroyuki , Wang Bo-Shian , Kusuno Haruka , Tokuyama Hironori , Yamagata Takeyasu , Yu Tsai-Luen , Wang Shing-Lin , Chang Ching-Chih , Jull A. J. T. , Lo Ching-Hua
Published: December 2020

In this article, we present a study of seawater 129I/127I time-series data from several coastal sites in Taiwan, including Yehliu Geopark (north–northeast coast), Kaohsiung (southwest coast), and Zhuwei Fishing Village (northwest coast). The objective of this study was to document how 129I/127I responds to known seasonal variations in the surface ocean currents that carry 129I to each of these sites. The responses were shown to be quite distinct. The Zhuwei site, across Mainland China, had elevated spring and summer 129I/127I values, with abrupt peaks that reflected transient cross-strait currents that carry seawater with elevated 129I to the northwest coast of Taiwan. The Yehliu site, which receives all of its seawater from the Kuroshio Current, had relatively low and uniform 129I/127I values year-round. The Kaohsiung site showed a summertime minimum that likely stems from upwelling upstream induced by oceanic eddies associated with the Kuroshio intrusion. To our knowledge, these are the first continuous coastal 129I/127I time-series data published for Asian waters and the first to show large, abrupt, and regional 129I/127I changes in the surface seawater. We also documented 129I/127I values from multiple surface ocean sites in the South China Sea (SCS), including a vertical profile from the South East Asia Time-Series Station that extends to a depth of 3,700 m. The 129I from both coastal Taiwan and surface waters of the SCS is >98% anthropogenic, primarily released to the environment as a byproduct of nuclear fuel reprocessing.
Cohesion and coherence in the final project abstracts written by undergraduate students
Authors: Arifin Ilham Setiawan , Farida Alief Noor
Published: December 2020

Writing an abstract was not different from writing other kinds of text. As a part of the final project, an abstract should be written clearly, cohesively and coherently. This study aimed to examine cohesion and coherence of the students’ final project abstracts. It also focused to reveal the factors which influenced the quality of the students’ final project abstracts. This study concerned with text analysis. The investigation approach of this study used written discourse analysis. The data of this study were thirty abstracts which were taken from final project abstracts of English Department undergraduate students of Universitas Negeri Semarang in the academic year of 2017-2018. The findings showed that the students did not utilize the five types of cohesive devices to build cohesion in their abstracts. However, it was sufficient to utilize at least three types of cohesive devices to make the abstracts cohesive. Based on Theme and Rheme theory by Halliday, the abstracts were written coherently because they applied the use of cohesive devices. This research also found that there were two factors which influenced the quality of the abstracts. They were the usage of cohesive devices to build cohesion in the abstracts and the usage of Theme and Rheme and thematic progression to build coherence in the abstracts. In conclusion, it was clear that the usage of cohesive devices and Theme and Rheme helped the students write the abstracts cohesively and coherently.The abstract should be written in one paragraph of 150-250 words. Calisto MT font size 9 single spacing. It should containgeneral statement about the primacy of the topic under investigation, research gap, the objectives, method, main findings, and the conclusions.
Periodic assignment: Exploring students’ perception and their academic achievement
Authors: Adnan Husnul Khatimah , Jannah Miftahul , Razali Khairil
Published: December 2020

Determining the perception of English Department students toward the periodic assignment and how it develops students’ academic achievement was the aim of this study. The correspondents were 42 students who experienced periodic assignments in English for Academic Purposes subject at English Department of UIN Ar-Raniry, Banda Aceh. This study used a quatitative descriptive research design. The data were collected through questionnaires as the researcher used a four-point Likert scale questionnaire adapted from Turanli (2009) as the instrument. The scale was taken for exploring respondent’s personality. Frequency distribution was used to analyze the obtained data and it would be presented in percentage. From 16 questions, the findings revealed that many students expressed positive perception towards periodic assignments in learning English for Academic Purposes. The students also expressed that the periodic assignments had developed their academic achievement. This study was not only useful for teachers’ practical teaching, but it provided the base for future research about periodic assignment.
Listening self-efficacy beliefs, L2 listening proficiency, and listening strategy training
Authors: Hamdi Khosroshahi Hamideh , Merç Ali
Published: December 2020

Self-efficacy plays an important role in language learners’ performances in language learning. Studies report that explicit teaching of strategies, self-efficacy, and better learner performance are interdependent concepts. This entails the fact that language teachers should focus on the first two in order to increase the learners’ performance. The aim of this study is to find out how teaching cognitive and metacognitive strategies affect EFL learners’ performances and self-efficacy beliefs in listening comprehension tasks. Ninety students participated in this study, thirty of whom were part of the control group. Their listening self-efficacy and listening proficiency were measured before and after a four-week training. During the intervention sessions, instructors taught cognitive and metacognitive strategies in an explicit way, which included teacher modeling and teacher feedbacks. The results revealed that learners’ listening proficiency scores increased while their self-efficacy scores did not change significantly after the training. These findings led to the conclusion that low self-efficacy does not necessarily lead to low listening proficiency. Another finding was that teaching only cognitive and metacognitive strategies does not help learners with their self-efficacy in a short time period. Implications and suggestions for L2 listening are provided considering the results of the study.
ASPEK HUKUM KOPERASI SEBAGAI PAYUNG HUKUM BMT DI INDONESIA
Authors: Nurhasanah Nurhasanah
Published: December 2020

Aspek Hukum Koperasi sebagai Payung Huku BMT di Indonesia. BMT dapat menjalankan fungsi sebagai lembaga sosial dengan penamaan Baitul Mal dan lembaga bisnis dengan penamaan Baitu Tamwil. Sebagai Lembaga Sosial tentu saja Baitul Mal memiliki kesamaan fungsi dan peran dengan Lembaga Amil Zakat (LAZ) yang bekerja secara profesional dalam mengumpulkan zakat, Infak, sedekah, wakaf dan dana-dana sosial lainnya serta mendistribusikan zakat kepada ashabiah sesuai dengan aturan perundang-undangan sebagaimana yang diatur oleh UU No. 23 Tahun 2011 tentang Pengelolaan Zakat sebagai pengganti UU No 38 Tahun 1999 tentang Pengelolaan Zakat. Disis lain, untuk menjalankan fungsi sebagai Baitu Tamwi, BMT dapat mengembangkan usahanya di sektor keuangan yaitu simpan pinjam, sebagaimana layaknya perbankan dalam menghimpun dana dari anggota dan calon anggota dan menyalurkannya ke sektor ekonomi halal dan menguntungkanTahun 2012 tentang Perkoperasian sebagai pengganti UU No. 25 Tahun 1992 tentang perkoperasian. Dalam situasi yang serba tidak menentu itu pula lah, BMT sebagai lembaga keuangan mikro Syariah yang berbadan hukum koperasi tentu juga melakukan penyesuaian-penyesuaian atas terjadinya perubahan-perubahan atas regulasi tersebut
MENJAMA’ SHALAT TANPA HALANGAN: ANALISIS KUALITAS DAN KUANTITAS SANAD HADITS
Authors: Mutakin Ali
Published: December 2020

Menjama’ Shalat Tanpa Halangan:Analisis Kualitas dan Kuantitas Sanad Hadits. Shalat merupakan bentuk ibadah badaniyah yang pelaksanaannya memiliki waktu yang sudah ditentukan. Meskipun demikian, tidak semua umat Muslim bisa melaksanakan sesuai dengan waktu yang telah ditentukan. Jamak merupakan solusi akan hal demikian. Jamak merupakan bentuk rukhshah (keringan) yang pelaksanaannya harus berdasarkan udzur yang diperbolehkan oleh syara’. Hadits riwayat Abu Daud No. 1025 dan juga Hadits-Hadits pendukung lainnya, kalau dipahami secara tekstual akan didapatkan kesimpulan kebolehan jamak shalat tanpa ada udzur syar’i, yang demikian akan bertentangan dengan QS. Al-Nisâ’ [3]: 103 yang menyatakan bahwa shalat merupakan bentuk kewajiban yang ditetapkan bagi orang-orang yang beriman yang waktunya telah ditentukan. Sehingga solusi yang paling tepat adalah Hadits yang secara tekstual bertentangan dengan ayat Al-Qur’an tersebut bisa dikompromikan (al-jam‘u wa al-tawfîq) dengan cara mentakwil Hadits tersebut kepada makna yang lebih sesuai atau sejalan dengan makna ayat Al-Qur’an (haml al-dzâhir ‘ala al-muhtamal al-marjûh).
AL-BUGHOT DALAM PERSPEKTIF MAZHAB FIQH
Authors: Syafi'i Syafi'i
Published: December 2020

Al-Bughot Dalam Perspektif Mazhab Fiqh. Salah satu pembahasan yang aktual pada saat sekarang adalah masalah penghianat bangsa. Mereka dengan berani menghinati bangsa dengan kekerasan, Dengan kekuatan militer yang dimiliki, mereka berani melawan pihak keamanan dan akhirnya mereka menentang pemerintahan, bahkan mereka dengan congkak berani memproklamirkan pembentukan negara baru dengan kekuasaan baru pula. Dalam hal seperti ini, Islam memberi kesempatan pada pemeluknya untuk melakukan hal-hal yang terbaik untuk menentukan tindakan apa yang dibutuhkan. Sepertinya ada kesengajaan dari Allah swt. untuk memberi kesempatan kepada pemeluk Islam untuk bertindak sesuai kemampuan nalarnya, dengan catatan tidak bertentangan dengan nas qur’ani dan hadis. inilah yang disebut dengan tindakan ijtihadi. Dalam tindakan ijtihadi sudah dapat dipastikan akan terjadi kontradiksi antara para penentu kebijakan, Karenanya dalam masalah bughot pun terdapat kontradiksi antara para ulama mujtahid, bahkan termasuk empat imam mujtahid yang terkemuka dalam bidang hukum.
PEMBAHARUAN MODEL PESANTREN: RESPON TERHADAP MODERNITAS
Authors: Basyit Abdul
Published: December 2020

Pembaharuan Model Pesantren:Respon Terhadap Modernitas. Tuntutan modernitas, tanpa mengabaikan keunikan dan kekhasan pesantren merupakan salah satu keunngulan pesantren. Pesantren mampu bertahan dibanding dengan lembaga pendidikan Islam lainnya di Nusantra, seperti dayah, rangkang, meunasah, dan surau. Respon pesantren terhadap modernisasi pendidikan Islam mencakup; pertama, pembaharuan isi atau substansi pendidikan pesantren dengan memasukkan subyek umum dan vocational; Kedua,Pembaharuan metodologi, ketiga, Pembaharuan kelembagaan, dan keempat, Pembaharuan fungsi, dari fungsi kependidikan untuk juga mencakup fungsi sosial ekonomi yang lebih luas. Pesantren yang ideal adalah pesantren yang mampu berdialog dengan modernitas,tanpa mengelimniasi tugas utamannya sebagai pengemban amanat moral.
MANHAJ TAFSIR AL-KIYA AL-HARRASI DALAM AHKAM AL-QURAN
Authors: Taufiki Taufiki
Published: December 2020

Manhaj Tafsir al-Kiya al-Harrasi dalam Ahkam al-Quran. Dalam perkembangan pemikiran fiqh islam, ada masa dimana fanatisme mazhab sangat menonjol Hal ini terlihat, diantaranya, dengan banyaknya tafsir alquran dengan judul yang sama, Ahkam alquran. Paling tidak ada tujuh kitab tafsir yang berjudul tersebut dalam berbagai mazhab dan saling menonjolkan bahkan mengagungkan mazhabnya. Tidak jarang pula menghina dan menyepelekan mazhab lainnya. Al kiya al harrasi adalah salah satu ulama fikih mazhab syafii yang sangat fanatik. Hal ini menjadi sesuatu yang menarik untuk di cermati, terutama dalam metode penafsirannya terhadap ayat-ayah hukum dalam Alquran. Fanatisme mazhabnya tergambar dalam pernyataannya, bahwa mazhab syafei adalah mazhab paling benar, paling bijak dan paling harus di ikuti dari mazhab yang lain. Bahkan, tidak jarang di temukan pernyataan bernada menyalahkan mazhab lain, terutama mazhab hanafi
KANDUNGAN NILAI DALAM TUJUAN PENDIDIKAN NASIONAL (CORE ETHICAL VALUES)
Authors: Lesmana Deni
Published: December 2020

Kandungan Nilai dalam Tujuan Pendidikan Nasional (Core Ethical Values). Tujuan pendidikan nasional di Indonesia setidaknya harus memperhatikan beberapa landasan pendidikan, diantaranya; landasan relIgius, landasan filosofis, landasan sosiologis, landasan kultural, landasan psikologis, landasan ilmiah dan teknologi, serta landasan yuridis atau hukum sehingga tujuan pendidikan nasional akan mengandung nilai yang berguna dalam mengarahkan perjalanan pendidikan nasional kedepan. Nilai yang terkandung dalam rumusan tujuan pendidikan nasional akan terus berubah sesuai dengan rumusan tujuan pendidikan nasional yang dibuat, walaupun tujuan pendidikan di Indonesia dari waktu ke waktu tidak pernah bergeser dari pandangan hidup Pancasila dan UUD 1945. Perbedaannya hanya terlihat dari adanya penekanan untuk setiap tahap yang disesuiakan dengan tuntutan perkembangan kehidupan dalam masyarakat dan pembangunan di negara Indoensia.
METODE TAKWIL NASR HAMID ABU ZAID (STUDI ATAS POTENSI TAFSIR ESOTERIK DALAM MERESPON PROBLEM TAFSIR ERA MODERN)
Authors: Faris Salman
Published: December 2020

Metode Takwil Nasr Hamid Abu Zaid (Studi Atas Potensi Tafsir Esoterik Dalam Merespon Problem Tafsir Era Modern). Adapun mekanisme metode takwil yang digunakan Abu Zaid dalam pembacaan teks yakni dengan mendekati teks dan berusaha mengungkapkan misteri-misterinya dimulai dengan pembacaan kemudian tingkat analitis. Pembacaan melalui metode tafsir esoteris dengan perangkat Takwil dapat memberikan kontribusi yang besar dalam upaya memahami Alquran secara kontekstual, Abu Zaid mengusung dua terma penting dalam mengembangkan pendekatan penafsirannya terhadap Alquran, yakni al-Ma’na (makna) dan al-Maghza (Signifikansi) makna merupakan makna yang direpresentasikan oleh sebuah teks atau apa yang direpresentasikan oleh tanda-tanda, sedangkan signifikansi menamai hubungan antara sebuah makna itu dan seseorang atau sebuah persepsi, situasi atau sesuatu yang dapat dibayangkan
DAKWAH DAN PEMBAHARUAN PEMAHAMAN ISLAM
Authors: Akhirudin Akhirudin
Published: December 2020

Change is the intrinsic nature of society. There is no society without change. He departed the change of mind of the human being who became members of the society. The development of science and technology has spurred the changes. Such changes also suggest changing the religious understanding. In assessing the various changes should da'wah make efforts to renew the understanding of Islam. With Da'wah and Renewal of Understanding of Islam discussed what steps taken by a da'i in the face of the change. In this connection a preacher should really understand the essence of Islamic teachings from the main source of the Qur'an and Sunnah Sahihah and then understand adequately the developments that occur due to the advance of modern science and technology. From these two forms of understanding da'i must be able to provide answers to the needs of the mad'u community who thirst for explanation when they face new problems in daily life that must get a reference from the Qur'an and Sunnah.
Pengarustamaan Deradikalisasi Pemahaman Agama Bagi Mahasiswa Profesi Keguruan: Ikhtiar Kaderisasi Guru Tanpa Radikalisme
Authors: Susanto Susanto
Published: December 2020

Dewasa ini kerentanan radikalisme agama di kalangan mahasiswa profesi keguruan menjadi masalah serius. Sejumlah kasus yang terungkap tampaknya rekrutmen kelompok radikal menjadikan mahasiswa sebagai target. Konsekuensinya, pengarusutamaan deradikalisasi pemahaman agama bagi di kalangan mahasiswa profesi keguruan merupakan niscaya dan kebutuhan mendesak. Pengarusutamaan deradikalisasi pemahaman agama dapat memperkokoh keberagamaam mahasiswa sekaligus mampu menjadi self deradicalization agar tidak menimbulkan korban di kalangan mahasiswa. Perspektif Fifth Discipline meliputi; (1), berpikir sistem, (2), belajar tuntas, (3), model mental, (4), visi bersama serta (5), belajar beregu dapat menjadi pijakan untuk mewarnai kerangka berfikir dalam memahami ajaran agama.
Hadis Ilmu Dalam Pandangan Syiah-Sunni: Perbandingan dan Implementasinya Di Ranah Akademik
Authors: Tsurayya Rachma Vina
Published: December 2020

Sunni-Syiah merupakan dua golongan yang seakan dihalangi oleh tembok besar yang menjadikannya tidak bisa saling menjangkau. Keduanya sama-sama memiliki hadis yang menjadi pedoman primer setelah al-Qur’an, yang dalam pembahsan ini mengambil tema hadis ilmu. Hadis nabi merupakan sesuatu yang menjadi patokan umat Islam, baik dalam pandangan syiah maupun dalam pandangan sunni. Perbedaanya disini adalah status hadis yang dapat digunakan menurut sunni maupun syiah. Pada makalah ini, penulis akan membahas tentang hadis Ilmu dalam pandangan syiah dan sunni berdasarkan dua kitab hadis masing-masing yakni kitab Ushul al-Kafi dan Shahih Muslim, yang kemudian akan diketahui perbedaan, persamaan atau titik terang dari keduanya dan akan memberikan sedikit solusi untuk mendamaikan dua kelompok besar yang tidak berhenti berseteru ini, karena setiap muslim memiliki hak untuk mendapatkan perlindungan harta dan jiwa. Serta akan diketahui bagaimana implementasinya bagi kehidupan mahasiswa (akademik)
Ecological assessment of the condition of soil and field crops cultivation with application of mineral fertilizers in the conditions of the northern steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Tsyliuryk O. I. , Chorna V. I. , Voroshylova N. V. , Desyatnik L. M.
Published: December 2020

In order to obtain a higher level of crop yields in crop rotation, there is a need to increase the application of fertilizers and pesticides, which, in turn, creates environmental problems of soil and groundwater pollution by harmful chemical elements and compounds. The purpose of the study was to study the influence of fertilizer systems with different tillage systems on the accumulation of heavy metals and nitrates in the soil and the main products of field crops. Bookmarking and conducting field experiments were carried out in accordance with generally accepted methods of research. The maximum increase in grain yield from the use of N48Р18K18 on the shelf tillage system was – 0.25 (8.7%), grain units – 0.36 (9.9%), feed units – 0.41 (10.3%), digestible protein – 0.02 (5.0%) t/ha of crop rotation area. The use of N48Р18K18 in a differentiated tillage system increased grain yield by 0.34 (12.2%), grain units – 0.49 (13.5%), feed units – 1.12 (28.0%), digestible protein – 0.06 (13.6%) t/ha of crop rotation area. The use of N48Р18K18 in crop rotation with a shallow (mulching) tillage system gave an increase in grain yield by 0.38 (13.6%), grain units – 0.51 (14.2%), feed units – 0.57 (14.5%), digestible protein – 0.07 (15.9%) t/ha of crop rotation area. According to the results of research, the highest increases in mineral fertilizers in terms of productivity were characteristic of a shallow (mulching) background with a characteristic stricter nutrient regime. Our research has not found a significant increase in the content of heavy metals and nitrates in the main and by-products of field crops when applying mineral fertilizers, because their content in the products was within acceptable concentrations. The content of nitrates in the grain of different crops ranged from 18 to 40.4 mg/kg at a maximum concentration limit of 300 mg/kg. High culture of agriculture, improvement and development of new, more effective technologies of application of fertilizers in crop rotation and under each field crop taking into account soil and climatic conditions of the region, biological features of cultures and grades, specialization of crop rotations, etc. prevent environmental pollution. Rational use of mineral and organic fertilizers helps to increase soil fertility and is a major and indispensable factor in significantly increasing plant productivity and crop quality, maintaining an active biological and economic balance of nutrients without contamination of the environment with nitrates and heavy metals.
Biomarkers of the influence of pyrethroids and neonicotinoids on amphibian larvae
Authors: Gasso V. Ya. , Yermolenko S. V. , Bobyliov Yu. P. , Hahut A. M. , Huslystyi A. O. , Hasso I. A. , Petrushevskyi V. B.
Published: December 2020

Currently, most amphibian populations in the world exist under the influence of numerous stress factors. Among them, the main factors that affect almost all terrestrial animals, namely, the fragmentation of habitats, environmental pollution and anthropic transformation of landscapes. Moreover, those factors are joined by negative causes that affect only amphibians – specific viral and fungal infections: ranaviruses (Ambystoma tigrinum virus (ATV), Bohle iridovirus (BIV), and frog virus 3) (also dangerous for some reptiles) and chytrid fungi (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and B. salamandrivorans). All these factors are one of the main reasons for the current global decline of amphibian populations in the world. In today's world, agricultural chemicals are one of the most important in terms of toxicity, environmental emissions and total area of impact. Among them, a significant proportion are formed by synthetic insecticides, which include pyrethroids and neonicotinoids. Pollution by these substances has a negative impact on amphibian populations, despite the relatively short period of their life in the environment. The vast majority of studies on the effects of pyrethroid and neonicotinoid insecticides were made in laboratory experiments with the larval stages of tailless amphibians. Tadpoles are easy to get in sufficient quantities and kept in the laboratory. Cypermethrin reduces the viability of tadpoles and causes precocious metamorphosis of survived larvae. However, in a combination with other pesticides, it delays metamorphosis. In addition, embryos were more resistant to pyrethroids than tadpoles. Pyrethroid pesticides cause spasms indicating adverse neurological effects. Formation of oral apparatus abnormalities in tadpoles, anisochromasia and increasing number of immature erythrocytes are also caused by pyrethroids. Neonicotinoids show similar effects. Under the action of imidacloprid the erythrocytes are also disturbed that is showed up in the DNA damage and micronuclei formation. Neurological disorders are manifested in the ability to perceive or respond to a predator, disorientation, erratic movement and loss of balance. Pyrethroids and neonicotinoids have been shown cause a variety of disorders: increase mortality and reduce survival of tadpoles; have a teratogenic effect and affect the metamorphosis and morphological parameters of amphibians; change many biochemical parameters that characterize the protein metabolism and oxidative stress; have genotoxic effects and affect the state of the nervous system and animal behaviour. Most of these parameters are proposed for use as biomarkers of pesticide intoxication.
Comportamiento epidemiológico de la hepatitis A en Barranquilla-Colombia, durante los años 2013 a 2017
Authors: Suarez-Palacio Damaris , Muñoz-Garzón Andrés , Parra-Pérez Marco , Rodríguez-Villa Nefer , Prieto-Suarez Edgar , Maestre-Serrano Ronald
Published: December 2020

Objetivo Analizar el comportamiento epidemiológico de la hepatitis A en el Distrito de Barranquilla (Colombia), durante los años 2013 a 2017.Metodología Estudio descriptivo, en el que se revisó de forma retrospectiva la base de datos de todos los casos de hepatitis A notificados en el Distrito de Barranquilla durante el periodo de observación.Resultados Se notificaron 293 casos nuevos de hepatitis A en el Distrito de Barranquilla, de los cuales el 62,4% eran hombres y el 37,6% restantes mujeres. Los grupos etarios más afectados fueron los adultos con el 39,6% de los casos, seguido de jóvenes y niños en etapa escolar con el 15% respectivamente. En cuanto a la incidencia de hepatitis A en el Distrito de Barranquilla se observó un descenso entre los años 2013 a 2016 al pasar de 10,9 a 1,5 casos por 100 000 habitantes; sin embargo, en el 2017 se observó un leve aumento en la incidencia a 2,5 por 100 000 habitantes.Conclusiones La Hepatitis A es un evento de interés en salud pública para el Distrito de Barranquilla, que ha mantenido un comportamiento a la baja de su incidencia en los últimos años.
Catalizando cambios sociales y bioculturales sobre el cáncer. Diseño de acciones transdisciplinarias contra la pandemia
Authors: Valadez-Blanco Octavio , Morales-Zaragoza Nora Angélica , González-García Dulce Nayeli
Published: December 2020

Objetivo Diseñar y analizar una experiencia de formación y organización transdisciplinaria sobre el cáncer, en la que expertos de múltiples disciplinas y actores con diferentes horizontes convergen en un diagnóstico y un panorama de intervención en múltiples escalas.Método Se diseñó e implementó un diplomado de 140 horas con más de 60 ponentes y 50 actores relevantes en torno al cáncer. Se llevó a cabo un taller transversal de 20 horas, usando como mediación las metodologías del diseño para la transición, que proponen estrategias para la construcción de diagnósticos e intervenciones en problemáticas complejas y conflictivas.Resultados Se logró construir un mapa de actores, preocupaciones, conflictos, causas-raíces, escenarios ideales y modelos potenciales de intervención con base en un trabajo colegiado. Se generaron recursos visuales que funcionan como mapas y estructuras donde se ubican los factores bioculturales que facilitan o impiden la efectiva implementación de estrategias de intervención. Las infografías y tablas funcionaron como mediaciones transdisciplinarias en tanto que posibilitaron que el espacio político (múltiples actores) fuera también un espacio pedagógico (múltiples epistemologías) situado en un contexto económico y ecológico concreto (interdependencia material de actores y ambientes).Conclusión Con la metodología del diseño para la transición se logró catalizar un trabajo transdisciplinario entre expertos y actores sociales en torno al cáncer. A través de las mediaciones visuales como mapas, infografías y tablas, se logró sintetizar y usar un diagnóstico compartido y avanzar así en intervenciones más incluyentes que reconozcan la complejidad biocultural de esta pandemia.
Riesgo en salud y habitabilidad de viviendas en zonas de alta vulnerabilidad en Bogotá, Colombia
Authors: García-Ubaque Cesar Augusto , García-Ubaque Juan Carlos , García-Ubaque Paula Fernanda
Published: December 2020

Objetivos Evaluar las condiciones de habitabilidad de las viviendas y su incidencia sobre la salud en el sector de Mochuelo Bajo, en Bogotá (Colombia), en el marco del proyecto Hábitat Saludable, que es liderado por el Centro de estudios en Vivienda, Hábitat e Innovación Social (CENVIS).Métodos Se elaboró una herramienta de toma de información en campo sobre condiciones socioeconómicas y saludables de la unidad habitacional de familias adscritas al proyecto. Posteriormente, se realizó un análisis cuantitativo de la información recolectada para responder al objetivo de la investigación.Resultados Al aplicar la herramienta, se encontró: a) inadecuado abastecimiento, almacenamiento y manejo del agua potable, b) mala disposición de excretas humanas y desechos sólidos domiciliarios, c) mal manejo en el aprovechamiento del agua lluvia, d) inadecuada convivencia con animales domésticos y de consumo, e) contaminación del aire al interior y; f) sistemas autoconstrucción con materiales no seguros y sin asesoría técnica, además de construcción en terrenos inestables.Conclusiones En el sector de Mochuelo Bajo, existen falencias generalizables relacionadas con un inadecuado abastecimiento, almacenamiento y manejo del agua potable, una mala disposición de excretas humanas y de desechos sólidos domiciliarios. También respecto al manejo del agua lluvia, y la convivencia con animales tanto domésticos como de consumo.
Stimme, Sprechen, Hören
Authors: Klenk Moritz
Published: December 2020

Über die Bedeutung von Podcasts für die Wissenschaftskommunikation für ein breites Publikum hinaus stellt sich unter aktuellen medienevolutionären Bedingungen neu die Frage nach der Bedeutung von Stimme, Sprechen und Hören für die sinnlich-sinnhafte Genese wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnis und Wahrheit. In der dialektischen Entfaltung von Stimme, Hören und Sprechen nach der Schrift zeigt der Beitrag die Notwendigkeit und Möglichkeiten der erkenntnistheoretischen Reflexion von Darstellung und Durchführung von Wissenschaft im Medium Podcasting als Medium von Stimme, Sprechen und Hören. Anhand der Ansätze von Recording Culture (Makagon/Neumann), dem Format der Audio Papers (Groth/Samson) und dem Sprechenden Denken (Klenk) werden die Bedeutung der Sinne, des Körpers, des Sprechens und Hörens, der Praxis der Entwicklung sowie des Gesprächs und Selbstgesprächs für die Wissen- und Wahrheitsgenese skizziert.
Vom "Verfertigen der Gedanken"
Authors: Moltmann Rebecca
Published: December 2020

Für die Vermittlung geisteswissenschaftlicher Forschungsinhalte und -praktiken scheinen auf den ersten Blick andere Formate nötig zu sein als etwa für die Naturwissenschaften, da im Zentrum der Geisteswissenschaften vor allem das wenig visualisierbare Reflexionswissen steht. Ausgehend von dieser Prämisse wird die These entfaltet, dass Podcasts und der auditiven Wissensvermittlung besonderes Potential für geisteswissenschaftliche Wissenschaftskommunikation zukommt. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf der Literaturwissenschaft, da sie zum einen häufig als besonders abstraktes und wenig greifbares Fach angesehen wird. Zum anderen hat sich in der Forschung der letzten Jahre eine stärkere praxeologische Perspektive auf die Literaturwissenschaft als Disziplin entwickelt, die hilfreiche Ansätze für den hier verfolgten Argumentationszusammenhang bietet. Im Anschluss an die exemplarische Analyse zweier Podcastfolgen mit literaturwissenschaftlicher Perspektive, werden Wissenstransfer und die Partizipation an Wissen als zentrale Aspekte des Potentials von Podcasts für die geisteswissenschaftliche Wissenschaftskommunikation herausgestellt. Mit Blick auf die Wissenschaftsforschung lassen sich in diesem Zusammenhang erste tentative Ansätze für Podcasts als ‚Tool‘ der Wissenschaftsforschung aufzeigen.
Molecular surveillance of avian influenza A viruses in Basrah and Wasit
Authors: Al-Badry M. , Al-Mubarak F.
Published: December 2020

The aim of this study was to detect influenza A virus in broiler chickens and wild ducks in different geographical regions of Basrah and Wasit provinces, Iraq. This study was authenticated by analysing the viral genome and designing a set of universal primers for the detection of all influenza A subtypes in a single enzymatic reaction through the amplification of a highly conserved region of viral M gene. A total of 157 and 155 oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs from broiler chickens and wild ducks, respectively, were analysed. The study shows that influenza A viruses were prevalent in these birds in all study regions with a significantly higher percentage in wild ducks compared to broiler chickens. The results showed that 92/157 samples (54/75 wild ducks and 38/82 broiler chickens) and 96/155 samples (38/75 wild ducks and 58/80 broiler chickens) in Basrah and Wasit, respectively, were positive for the viral M gene. In addition, there was no significant difference in virus prevalence between Basrah and Wasit provinces.
PRACTICAL TRAINING FOR STUDENTS IN SOCIAL PEDAGOGY, CARRIED OUT DURING STATE OF EMERGENCY
Authors: Delcheva Tsveta
Published: December 2020

The article presents the organization and implementation of the training practice and pre-graduation training for Social Pedagogy students at the Trakia University in Stara Zagora. The state of emergency declared due to the COVID-19 pandemic imposed the research, development and implementation of new forms of training that were never before employed for educating the future specialists. It also defines new problems in the organization, tracking, and assessment of the training and demonstrates solutions that include the active participation of all representatives – academic tutors, mentors from the institutions, students from both forms of education (full-time and part-time).

The article presents the results from an on-line survey, carried out among the students and draws conclusions about the effectiveness of the alternative organization of the training. The author also shares ideas about the inclusion of new elements in the organization an implementation of the practical training of future students.