bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dihydromyricetin improves social isolation-induced cognitive impairments and astrocytic changes in mice
Authors: Watanabe Saki , Omran Alzahra Al , Shao Amy S. , Xue Chen , Zhang Zeyu , Zhang Jifeng , Davies Daryl L. , Shao Xuesi M. , Watanabe Junji , Liang Jing
Published: April 2022

Social isolation induces stress, anxiety, and mild cognitive impairment that could progress towards irreversible brain damage. A probable player in the mechanism of social isolation-induced anxiety is astrocytes, specialized glial cells that support proper brain function. Using a social isolation mouse model, we observed worsened cognitive and memory abilities with reductions of Object Recognition Index (ORI) in novel object recognition test and Recognition Index (RI) in novel context recognition test. Social isolation also increased astrocyte density, reduced astrocyte size with shorter branches, and reduced morphological complexity in the hippocampus. Dihydromyricetin, a flavonoid that we previously demonstrated to have anxiolytic properties, improved memory/cognition and restored astrocyte plasticity in these mice. Our study indicates astrocytic involvement in social isolation-induced cognitive impairment as well as anxiety and suggest dihydromyricetin as an early-stage intervention against anxiety, cognitive impairment, and potential permanent brain damage.
Executive failure hypothesis explains the trait-level association between motivation and mind wandering
Authors: Kawagoe Toshikazu
Published: April 2022

Mind wandering (MW) is commonly observable in daily life. Early studies established an association between motivation and MW at the trait level using a questionnaire survey. Considering that the mechanism of state-level association between them is known, this study was conducted to replicate the trait-level association and determine its possible mechanisms. Two independent samples were analysed using several questionnaires, which included motivation and MW. General one- and multi-dimensional scales were administered for both variables. Besides the successful replication of the significant association between motivation and MW at the trait level, we found that people with low levels of executive function experience high rates of spontaneous MW. This finding indicates that the underlying mechanism of trait-level association is the executive failure hypothesis, which postulates that a failure of executive control during task-related objectives evokes MW. Further, the motivation–MW relationship exhibits a different psychological basis at the state and trait levels.
Investigation of the support constraint effect and failure instability law of tunnels constructed using the New Austrian tunneling method
Authors: Chen Dongxu , Wang Laigui , Sun Chuang , Jia Chengzhi , Zheng Luxin
Published: April 2022

The application of a reasonable numerical calculation method is the key to accurately analyzing tunnel rock-support interactions. In this paper, we address the support constraint effect of tunnels and analyze the influence of related factors based on the confinement convergence method. Rupturable support models are developed using FLAC3D to intuitively show the numerical calculation results of tunnels. The results imply that the virtual supporting force generated by the support constraint effect should be considered in two-dimensional rock tunnel model calculations, and that the supporting force of the support should be increased by 2–3% of the maximum supporting force. Boundary effects should be considered in the three-dimensional tunnel model calculations, in which the influence range of the model boundary effect is nearly 1.5 times the tunnel span. A comparison of the field monitoring data and numerical calculations of the Baoshan tunnel project shows that the numerical results that consider the support constraint effect are in better agreement with the actual project situation. The rupturable support models can also reflect the stress and failure evolution law of supports, and provide support for the accurate evaluation of tunnel engineering stability.
Quantifying and categorising national extinction-risk footprints
Authors: Irwin Amanda , Geschke Arne , Brooks Thomas M. , Siikamaki Juha , Mair Louise , Strassburg Bernardo B. N.
Published: April 2022

Biodiversity, essential to delivering the ecosystem services that support humanity, is under threat. Projections show that loss of biodiversity, specifically increases in species extinction, is likely to continue without significant intervention. Human activity is the principal driver of this loss, generating direct threats such as habitat loss and indirect threats such as climate change. Often, these threats are induced by consumption of products and services in locations far-removed from the affected species, creating a geographical displacement between cause and effect. Here we quantify and categorise extinction-risk footprints for 188 countries. Seventy-six countries are net importers of extinction-risk footprint, 16 countries are net exporters of extinction-risk footprint, and in 96 countries domestic consumption is the largest contributor to the extinction-risk footprint. These profiles provide insight into the underlying sources of consumption which contribute to species extinction risk, a valuable input to the formulation of interventions aimed at transforming humanity’s interactions with biodiversity.
Syngeneically transplanted insulin producing cells differentiated from adipose derived stem cells undergo delayed damage by autoimmune responses in NOD mice
Authors: Tokuda Kazunori , Ikemoto Tetsuya , Yamashita Shoko , Miyazaki Katsuki , Okikawa Shohei , Yamada Shinichiro , Saito Yu , Morine Yuji , Shimada Mitsuo
Published: April 2022

Insulin-producing cells (IPCs) generated by our established protocol have reached the non-clinical ‘proof of concept’ stage. Our strategy for their clinical application is the autotransplantation of IPCs into patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). In this context, the autoimmunity that characterized T1DM is important, rather than allorejection. We aimed to determine how these IPCs respond to T1DM autoimmunity. IPCs were generated from the subcutaneous fat tissue of non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice using our protocol. IPCs derived from NOD mice were transplanted under the kidney capsules of NOD mice at the onset of diabetes and the subsequent changes in blood glucose concentration were characterized. Blood glucose decreased within 30 days of transplantation, but increased again after 40–60 days in three of four recipient NOD mice. In tissue samples, the numbers of CD4+and CD8+T cells were significantly higher 60 days after transplantation than 30 days after transplantation. In conclusion, IPCs significantly ameliorate the diabetes of mice in the short term, but are damaged by autoimmunity in the longer term, as evidenced by local T cells accumulation. This study provides new insights into potential stem cell therapies for T1DM.
Occupant safety effectiveness of proactive safety seat in autonomous emergency braking
Authors: Kang Myeongkwan , Kim Hyungjoo , Cho Youngkuen , Kim Seonglae , Lim Dohyung
Published: April 2022

The proactive safety seat (PSS) is a recently developed active safety system for securing occupant safety in out-of-seat position (OOSP), which was applied in the Hyundai Genesis G80 in 2020. However, there has not been sufficient quantifiable verification supporting the effectiveness of the PSS. The present study was performed to determine the effectiveness of the PSS for occupant safety in OOSP and to identify areas for additional improvement. Six test conditions were considered to determine the effectiveness of the PSS for augmentation of occupant safety in OOSP. Ten healthy men participated in the tests. Compared with the no PSS condition, maximum head excursion and neck rotation were significantly decreased in the PSS condition by 0.6–0.8-fold and 0.6–0.7-fold, respectively (P < 0.05). The PSS condition in which the seat pan was moved forward to the mid position showed a greater effect in reducing the characteristic motions related to submarining, compared with the condition in which the seat pan was moved rearward to the mid position (P < 0.05). These results suggested that PSS augments occupant safety in OOSP. This study provides valuable insights in ameliorating risks to the occupant in unintended seat positions before braking and/or collision.
Characterization and molecular docking study of cathepsin L inhibitory peptides (SnuCalCpIs) from Calotropis procera R. Br
Authors: Kwon Chang Woo , Yeo Subin , Chang Pahn-Shick
Published: April 2022

Propeptides, released from the autocatalytic activation of its zymogen, are potential inhibitors against proteases involved in cancer cell invasion and migration. Our research team previously obtained novel propeptides (SnuCalCpIs) from transcriptome analysis of the medicinal plant Calotropis procera R. Br. and reported them as promising candidates for cancer therapeutics due to their cathepsin L inhibition activity. In the present study, inhibitory activity among SnuCalCpIs was compared with inhibition efficiency and verified by in silico molecular docking analysis. Only SnuCalCpI03 and SnuCalCpI15, expressed in Escherichia coli, showed inhibitory activity against cathepsin L as competitive inhibitors, and the half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) values of 2.1 nM and 1.6 nM, respectively. They were stable below 70 °C, maintaining more than 90% inhibitory activity over a wide range of pH (2.0–10.0), except at the isoelectric point (pI). The template-based docking simulation models showed that SnuCalCpI02, SnuCalCpI12, and SnuCalCpI16 could not interact with the substrate-binding cleft of cathepsin L even though they possessed the same conserved domain. In contrast, SnuCalCpI03 and SnuCalCpI15 interacted with cathepsin L along the propeptide binding loop and substrate-binding cleft, resulting in obstruction of substrate access to the active site.
Ultrafast laser ablation simulator using deep neural networks
Authors: Tani Shuntaro , Kobayashi Yohei
Published: April 2022

Laser-based material removal, or ablation, using ultrafast pulses enables precision micro-scale processing of almost any material for a wide range of applications and is likely to play a pivotal role in providing mass customization capabilities in future manufacturing. However, optimization of the processing parameters can currently take several weeks because of the absence of an appropriate simulator. The difficulties in realizing such a simulator lie in the multi-scale nature of the relevant processes and the high nonlinearity and irreversibility of these processes, which can differ substantially depending on the target material. Here we show that an ultrafast laser ablation simulator can be realized using deep neural networks. The simulator can calculate the three-dimensional structure after irradiation by multiple laser pulses at arbitrary positions and with arbitrary pulse energies, and we applied the simulator to a variety of materials, including dielectrics, semiconductors, and an organic polymer. The simulator successfully predicted their depth profiles after irradiation by a number of pulses, even though the neural networks were trained using single-shot datasets. Our results indicate that deep neural networks trained with single-shot experiments are able to address physics with irreversibility and chaoticity that cannot be accessed using conventional repetitive experiments.
In vitro production of desired sex ovine embryos modulating polarity of oocytes for sex-specific sperm binding during fertilization
Authors: G. Ramesh Kumar , Mishra Ashish , Dhali Arindam , Reddy Ippala Janardhan , Dey Debpriyo Kumar , Pal Dintaran , Bhatta Raghavendra
Published: April 2022

The present study aimed to modulate the oxidative status-mediated polarity of the oocytes for sex-specific sperm fertilization to generate desired sex embryos. In vitro embryos were produced at different oxidative status, varying O2 concentrations, and without/with l-carnitine in maturation and culture media. The majority of the embryos produced at high oxidative stress were males whereas; low oxidative status favoured female embryos production. Low O2 doubled the proportion of female embryos (10.59 vs 21.95%); however, l-carnitine supplementation in media increased approximately seven-folds of the female embryos (12.26 vs. 77.62%) production. Oocytes matured at high oxidative status were in the repolarized state favouring positively charged Y sperm fertilization to produce significantly more male embryos. Low oxidative status favoured negatively charged X sperm fertilization to the oocytes in the depolarized state to produce more female embryos. Intracellular ROS was significantly low in female embryos than in males; however, female embryos were more stressful than males. The study concluded that the oxidative status-mediated alteration in pH of the medium to modulate the intracellular positive ions is the main critical factor to influence the sex of embryos through sex-specific sperms fertilization to the oocytes as per their polarity.
Randomized controlled trial of early endoscopy for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in acute coronary syndrome patients
Authors: Chung Chen-Shuan , Chen Chieh-Chang , Chen Kuan-Chih , Fang Yu-Jen , Hsu Wen-Feng , Chen Yen-Nien , Tseng Wei-Chuang , Lin Cheng-Kuan , Lee Tzong-Hsi , Wang Hsiu-Po , Wu Yen-Wen
Published: April 2022

Acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients are not uncommon, particularly under dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). The efficiency and safety of early endoscopy (EE) for UGIB in these patients needs to be elucidated. This multicenter randomized controlled trial randomized recent ACS patients presenting acute UGIB to non-EE and EE groups. All eligible patients received intravenous proton pump inhibitor therapy. Those in EE group underwent therapeutic endoscopy within 24 h after bleeding. The data regarding efficacy and safety of EE were analyzed. It was early terminated because the UGIB rate was lower than expected and interim analysis was done. In total, 43 patients were randomized to non-EE (21 patients) and EE (22 patients) groups. The failure rate of control hemorrhage (intention-to-treat [ITT] 4.55% vs. 23.81%, p < 0.001; per-protocol [PP] 0% vs. 4.55%, p = 0.058) and 3-day rebleeding rate (ITT 4.55% vs. 28.57%, p = 0.033; PP 0% vs. 21.05%, p = 0.027) were lower in EE than non-EE group. The mortality, minor and major complication rates were not different between two groups. Male patients were at higher risk of minor and major complications after EE with OR (95% CI) of 3.50 (1.15–10.63) and 4.25 (1.43–12.63), respectively. In multivariate analysis, EE was associated with lower needs for blood transfusion (HR 0.13, 95% CI 0.02–0.98). Among patients who discontinued DAPT during acute UGIB, a higher risk (OR 5.25, 95% CI 1.21–22.74) of coronary artery stent re-thrombosis within 6 months was noticed. EE for acute UGIB in recent ACS patients has higher rate of bleeding control, lower 3-day rebleeding rate and lower needs for blood transfusion, but more complications in male patients. Further enrollment is mandatory to avoid bias from small sample size (ClinicalTrial.gov Number NCT02618980, registration date 02/12/2015).
Systematic evaluating and modeling of SARS-CoV-2 UVC disinfection
Authors: Freeman Sebastian , Kibler Karen , Lipsky Zachary , Jin Sha , German Guy K. , Ye Kaiming
Published: April 2022

The ongoing COVID-19 global pandemic has necessitated evaluating various disinfection technologies for reducing viral transmission in public settings. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation can inactivate pathogens and viruses but more insight is needed into the performance of different UV wavelengths and their applications. We observed greater than a 3-log reduction of SARS-CoV-2 infectivity with a dose of 12.5 mJ/cm2of 254 nm UV light when the viruses were suspended in PBS, while a dose of 25 mJ/cm2was necessary to achieve a similar reduction when they were in an EMEM culture medium containing 2%(v/v) FBS, highlighting the critical effect of media in which the virus is suspended, given that SARS-CoV-2 is always aerosolized when airborne or deposited on a surface. It was found that SARS-CoV-2 susceptibility (a measure of the effectiveness of the UV light) in a buffer such as PBS was 4.4-fold greater than that in a cell culture medium. Furthermore, we discovered the attenuation of UVC disinfection by amino acids, vitamins, and niacinamide, highlighting the importance of determining UVC dosages under a condition close to aerosols that wrap the viruses. We developed a disinfection model to determine the effect of the environment on UVC effectiveness with three different wavelengths, 222 nm, 254 nm, and 265 nm. An inverse correlation between the liquid absorbance and the viral susceptibility was observed. We found that 222 nm light was most effective at reducing viral infectivity in low absorbing liquids such as PBS, whereas 265 nm light was most effective in high absorbing liquids such as cell culture medium. Viral susceptibility was further decreased in N95 masks with 222 nm light being the most effective. The safety of 222 nm was also studied. We detected changes to the mechanical properties of the stratum corneum of human skins when the 222 nm accumulative exposure exceeded 50 J/cm2.The findings highlight the need to evaluate each UV for a given application, as well as limiting the dose to the lowest dose necessary to avoid unnecessary exposure to the public.
Pre-treatment serum albumin and mutational burden as biomarkers of response to immune checkpoint blockade
Authors: Yoo Seong-Keun , Chowell Diego , Valero Cristina , Morris Luc G. T. , Chan Timothy A.
Published: April 2022

The effects of cytokine and protein stabilizing carriers, such as serum albumin, on tumor response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) is not well understood. By examining 1714 patients across 16 cancer types, we found that high pretreatment serum albumin level predicts favorable tumor radiographic response following ICB treatment in a dose-dependent fashion. Serum albumin is a candidate biomarker that can be combined with tumor mutational burden (TMB) for additional predictive capacity, and the tumor response rate to ICB was ~49% in the albumin-high/TMB-high group.
Glutathione S-transferase Mu 2 inhibits hepatic steatosis via ASK1 suppression
Authors: Jin Yi , Tan Yanjie , Zhao Pengxiang , Guo Yu , Chen Shilin , Wu Jian , Ren Zhuqing
Published: April 2022

Hepatic steatosis is the main characteristic of some liver metabolism diseases. However, unclear molecular mechanism of hepatic steatosis impedes the therapy of this hepatic steatosis. Glutathione-S-transferase mu 2 (GSTM2), as a member of phase II drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs), regulates cellular antioxidant and detoxificant.GSTM2was highly up-regulated in hepatic steatosis tissues and high-fat diet (HFD) fed mice. Loss-of-functionGSTM2mouse model demonstrated thatGSTM2protected mice from excess fat accumulation. Mechanistically,GSTM2interacted with ASK1 and suppressed its phosphorylation and the activation of subsequent downstream p38-JNK signalling. Moreover,GSTM2overexpression in the liver effectively ameliorated hepatic lipid accumulation. Therefore, we identifiedGSTM2as an important negative regulator in progression of hepatic steatosis via both its detoxification/antioxidant and inhibition of ASK1-p38/JNK signalling. This study showed potential therapeutic function of the DME in progression of hepatic steatosis.
RhopH2 and RhopH3 export enables assembly of the RhopH complex on P. falciparum-infected erythrocyte membranes
Authors: Pasternak Michał , Verhoef Julie M. J. , Wong Wilson , Triglia Tony , Mlodzianoski Michael J. , Geoghegan Niall , Evelyn Cindy , Wardak Ahmad Z. , Rogers Kelly , Cowman Alan F.
Published: April 2022

RhopH complexes consists of Clag3, RhopH2 and RhopH3 and are essential for growth of Plasmodium falciparum inside infected erythrocytes. Proteins are released from rhoptry organelles during merozoite invasion and trafficked to the surface of infected erythrocytes and enable uptake of nutrients. RhopH3, unlike other RhopH proteins, is required for parasite invasion, suggesting some cellular processes RhopH proteins function as single players rather than a complex. We show the RhopH complex has not formed during merozoite invasion. Clag3 is directly released into the host cell cytoplasm, whilst RhopH2 and RhopH3 are released into the nascent parasitophorous vacuole. Export of RhopH2 and RhopH3 from the parasitophorous vacuole into the infected erythrocyte cytoplasm enables assembly of Clag3/RhopH2/RhopH3 complexes and incorporation into the host cell membrane concomitant with activation of nutrient uptake. This suggests compartmentalisation prevents premature channel assembly before intact complex is assembled at the host cell membrane.
An Amish founder population reveals rare-population genetic determinants of the human lipidome
Authors: Montasser May E. , Aslibekyan Stella , Srinivasasainagendra Vinodh , Tiwari Hemant K. , Patki Amit , Bagheri Minoo , Kind Tobias , Barupal Dinesh Kumar , Fan Sili , Perry James , Ryan Kathleen A. , Shuldiner Alan R. , Arnett Donna K. , Beitelshees Amber L. , Irvin Marguerite Ryan , O’Connell Jeffrey R.
Published: April 2022

Identifying the genetic determinants of inter-individual variation in lipid species (lipidome) may provide deeper understanding and additional insight into the mechanistic effect of complex lipidomic pathways in CVD risk and progression beyond simple traditional lipids. Previous studies have been largely population based and thus only powered to discover associations with common genetic variants. Founder populations represent a powerful resource to accelerate discovery of previously unknown biology associated with rare population alleles that have risen to higher frequency due to genetic drift. We performed a genome-wide association scan of 355 lipid species in 650 individuals from the Amish founder population including 127 lipid species not previously tested. To the best of our knowledge, we report for the first time the lipid species associated with two rare-population but Amish-enriched lipid variants: APOB_rs5742904 and APOC3_rs76353203. We also identified novel associations for 3 rare-population Amish-enriched loci with several sphingolipids and with proposed potential functional/causal variant in each locus including GLTPD2_rs536055318, CERS5_rs771033566, and AKNA_rs531892793. We replicated 7 previously known common loci including novel associations with two sterols: androstenediol with UGT locus and estriol with SLC22A8/A24 locus. Our results show the double power of founder populations and detailed lipidome to discover novel trait-associated variants.
A severe landslide event in the Alpine foreland under possible future climate and land-use changes
Authors: Maraun Douglas , Knevels Raphael , Mishra Aditya N. , Truhetz Heimo , Bevacqua Emanuele , Proske Herwig , Zappa Giuseppe , Brenning Alexander , Petschko Helene , Schaffer Armin , Leopold Philip , Puxley Bryony L.
Published: April 2022

Landslides are a major natural hazard, but uncertainties about their occurrence in a warmer climate are substantial. The relative role of rainfall, soil moisture, and land-use changes and the importance of climate change mitigation are not well understood. Here, we develop an event storyline approach to address these issues, considering an observed event in Austria with some 3000 landslides as a showcase. We simulate the event using a convection permitting regional climate model and a statistical landslide model at present and a range of plausible future climate and land use conditions. Depending on the changes of rainfall and soil moisture, the area affected during a 2009-type event could grow by 45% at 4 K global warming, although a slight reduction is also possible. Such growth could be reduced to less than 10% by limiting global warming according to the Paris agreement. Anticipated land-use changes towards a climate-resilient forest would fully compensate for such a limited increase in hazard.
Partially delocalized charge in crystalline Co–S–Se/NiOx nanocomposites for boosting electrocatalytic oxygen evolution
Authors: Deng Wei , Gai Yuping , Duan Haitao , Chen Zhide , Hu Xiaojun , Han Sheng , Xu Niwei , Qiao Shanlin , Yao Zijian , Jiang Fei
Published: April 2022

Partially delocalized charge in crystalline Co–S–Se/NiOx nanocomposites controllably modulates unique chemical compositions and electronic structures, which can rearrange the electron density around the catalytic metal centers and increase the electron transfer.
Excited state dynamics of normal dithienylethene molecules either isolated or deposited on an argon cluster
Authors: Lietard Aude , Piani Giovanni , Pollet Rodolphe , Soep Benoît , Mestdagh Jean-Michel , Poisson Lionel
Published: April 2022

Excited state real-time dynamics of the open-ring reaction of two thienylethene photochromic molecules (BTF6 and PTF6) was investigated using a set-up that associates a molecular beam, rare gas clusters, femtosecond lasers and velocity map imaging.
Reproducing the invention of a named reaction: zero-shot prediction of unseen chemical reactions
Authors: Su An , Wang Xinqiao , Wang Ling , Zhang Chengyun , Wu Yejian , Wu Xinyi , Zhao Qingjie , Duan Hongliang
Published: April 2022

We reproduce the human invention of the Chan–Lam reaction by predicting “unseen” reactions with “zero-shot reaction prediction”. We also mimics the later stage of the history of this reaction via “one-shot/few-shot reaction prediction” approaches.
Rational La-doped hematite as an anode and hydrous cobalt phosphate as a battery-type electrode for a hybrid supercapacitor
Authors: Shaikh Navajsharif S. , Lokhande Vaibhav C. , Ji Taeksoo , Ubale Shivaji , Mane Vikas J. , Lokhande Chandrakant D. , Shaikh Haseen M. , Shaikh Jasmin S. , Praserthdam Supareak , Sabale Sandip , Kanjanaboos Pongsakorn
Published: April 2022

In recent years, modern appliances require high energy density with a burst power supply.
Structural characterization and preventive effect on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease of oligosaccharides from Bletilla striata
Authors: Hu Baifei , Yang Huabing , Chen Guangming , Sun Xiongjie , Zou Xiaojuan , Ma Jun , Yao Xiaowei , Liang Qiong , Liu Hongtao
Published: April 2022

The structural characteristics of BOs were identified and their preventive effects were evaluated on NAFLD using an HFD-induced obese mouse model.
Transformation of phytosterols into pregnatetraenedione by a combined microbial and chemical process
Authors: Liu Yong-Jun , Ji Wei-ting , Song Lu , Tao Xin-Yi , Zhao Ming , Gao Bei , Meng Hao , Wang Feng-Qing , Wei Dong-Zhi
Published: April 2022

A 9-0HPDC-M hyperproducing strain with high selectivity and yield was constructed and a more efficient route to produce corticosteroids from the phytosterols via pregnatetraenedione was proposed.
Development of a ruthenium–aquo complex for utilization in synthesis and catalysis for selective hydration of nitriles and alkynes
Authors: Saha Rumpa , Mukherjee Aparajita , Bhattacharya Samaresh
Published: April 2022

A ruthenium(ii)–aquo complex serves as a precursor for the synthesis of new ternary complexes and also as an efficient catalyst for selective hydration of aryl nitriles to aryl amides and aryl alkynes to aryl aldehydes.
In operando charge transport imaging of atomically thin dopant nanostructures in silicon
Authors: Kölker Alexander , Gramse Georg , Stock Taylor J. Z. , Aeppli Gabriel , Curson Neil J.
Published: April 2022

We exploit the full capabilities of electrical scanning probe microscopy (e-SPM) to inspect the charge carrier transport of an electrically contacted, buried phosphorus, 2D nanowire (P-wire) in operando.
An expanded palette of fluorogenic HaloTag probes with enhanced contrast for targeted cellular imaging
Authors: Bachollet Sylvestre P. J. T. , Shpinov Yuriy , Broch Fanny , Benaissa Hela , Gautier Arnaud , Pietrancosta Nicolas , Mallet Jean-Maurice , Dumat Blaise
Published: April 2022

A palette of fluorogenic molecular rotor probes with emissions from green to NIR was developed for wash-free and multicolor imaging of genetically-encoded HaloTag fusion proteins.
Tuning the dielectric response in a nanocomposite material through nanoparticle morphology
Authors: Adluri Archita N. S. , Henderson Brett , Paci Irina
Published: April 2022

Dielectric response of nanocomposites with metal-nanoparticle inclusions can be enhanced significantly by changing nanoparticle shape and size, even without ramping up volume loading of inclusions.
Gold nanoparticle-based optical nanosensors for food and health safety monitoring: recent advances and future perspectives
Authors: Anh Nguyen Ha , Doan Mai Quan , Dinh Ngo Xuan , Huy Tran Quang , Tri Doan Quang , Ngoc Loan Le Thi , Van Hao Bui , Le Anh-Tuan
Published: April 2022

We provide an overview of the synthesis of AuNPs and their excellent optical properties for the development of optical nanosensors including colorimetric, fluorescence resonance energy transfer, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensors.
Activation of the CP bond in phosphanylphosphaalkenes (CP–P bond system) in the reaction with nucleophilic reagents: MeLi, nBuLi and tBuLi
Authors: Ziółkowska Aleksandra , Szynkiewicz Natalia , Ponikiewski Łukasz
Published: April 2022

The performed reactions of (biph)(H)CP–PtBu2 with MeLi, nBuLi lead to substitution of two organic groups on the P-atom and to cleavage of the P–P bond, respectively. In the case of tBuLi, only one group is substituted with reminded P–P bond.
Upcycling of semicrystalline polymers by compatibilization: mechanism and location of compatibilizers
Authors: Tang Xiaomin , Liu Changhao , Keum Jong , Chen Jihua , Dial Brent E. , Wang Yangyang , Tsai Wan-Yu , Bras Wim , Saito Tomonori , Bowland Christopher C. , Chen X. Chelsea
Published: April 2022

Comparing the effect of a compatibilizer on the crystallinity of a semicrystalline polymer blend and its individual components is a facile way to predict the location and morphology of the compatibilizer.
High efficiency semitransparent perovskite solar cells containing 2D nanopore arrays deposited in a single step
Authors: Alkhudhari Osama M. , Altujjar Amal , Mokhtar Muhamad Z. , Spencer Ben F. , Chen Qian , Thomas Andrew G. , Hodson Nigel W. , Wang Xuelian , Hill Patrick , Jacobs Janet , Curry Richard. J. , Saunders Brian R.
Published: April 2022

Semitransparent perovskite solar cells are prepared using colloidal scale polymer sponge-like particle additives that spontaneously form 2D nanopore arrays whilst increasing the power conversion efficiency.
The simultaneous quantitative detection of multiple hormones based on PS-MS: affinity capture by a single antibody
Authors: Wu Tianhao , Ma Mingying , Sun Gongwei , Zhang Sichun , Zhang Xinrong
Published: April 2022

Here, we utilized single antibody to capture and separate multiple hormones from samples to avoid LC procedures and MS/MS detection to realize simultaneously qualitative and quantitative analysis of multiple molecules in a single run.
Profiling of branched-chain fatty acids via nitroxide radical-directed dissociation integrated on an LC-MS/MS workflow
Authors: Jian Ruijun , Zhao Xue , Lin Qiaohong , Xia Yu
Published: April 2022

By coupling O-benzylhydroxylamine derivatization and tandem mass spectrometry, nitroxide radical-induced dissociation can be initiated via collisional activation which enables the analysis of methyl branching(s) in fatty acids.
The chemistry and biology of natural ribomimetics and related compounds
Authors: Tsunoda Takeshi , Tanoeyadi Samuel , Proteau Philip J. , Mahmud Taifo
Published: April 2022

A review on the discovery, biological activities, biosynthesis, and development of an intriguing class of natural products called ribomimetics and their related compounds.
In vitro display evolution of unnatural peptides spontaneously cyclized via intramolecular nucleophilic aromatic substitutions
Authors: Yokoyama Takumi , Ando Takehiro , Takamori Yukio , Fuji Daisuke , Sato Masashi , Vedi Santhana , Yamamoto Mizuki , Kawakami Takashi
Published: April 2022

We report novel spontaneous peptide cyclization by intramolecular nucleophilic aromatic substitutions using ribosomally incorporatable and intramolecularly cysteine-reactive fluorobenzoic acid-derived linkers.
What roles do alkali metal ions play in the pathological crystallization of uric acid?
Authors: Li Mengya , Han Dandan , Gong Junbo
Published: April 2022

Na+ and K+ regulate the crystal growth of uric acid dihydrate by kink blocking and rough growth mechanisms.
Recent advances in polyoxometalate-based metal-alkynyl clusters
Authors: Hu Hailiang , Lan Lili , Zhang Tao , Yang Xiuyan , Yang Huan , Xie Yadian , Cui Can , Shi Zhiqiang , Ji Ningning
Published: April 2022

This paper focuses on the recent advances in polyoxometalate-based metal-alkynyl clusters.
A scalable, low-cost and green strategy for the synthesis of ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires using peanut oil
Authors: Chen Yu-Qiao , Zhu Ying-Jie , Wang Zhong-Yi , Yu Han-Ping , Xiong Zhi-Chao
Published: April 2022

A scalable green and low-cost synthesis of ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires using peanut oil is reported, which can be scaled up for large-scale low-cost production of ultralong hydroxyapatite nanowires and the fire-resistant inorganic paper.
Retraction: Self-assembled chalcopyrite ternary semiconductor CuBSe2 nanocrystals: solvothermal synthesis and characterisation
Authors: Chen Lin-Jer , Liao Jiunn-Der , Chuang Yu-Ju
Published: April 2022

Retraction of ‘Self-assembled chalcopyrite ternary semiconductor CuBSe2 nanocrystals: solvothermal synthesis and characterisation’ by Lin-Jer Chen et al., CrystEngComm, 2011, 13, 2909–2914; DOI: 10.1039/C0CE00818D.
Ammonium-, phosphonium- and sulfonium-based 2-cyanopyrrolidine ionic liquids for carbon dioxide fixation
Authors: Chaban Vitaly V. , Andreeva Nadezhda A. , Voroshylova Iuliia V.
Published: April 2022

Ionic liquids composed of weakly coordinating acyclic cations and protic cyclic anions hold promise for enhanced carbon dioxide chemisorption.
Designing stable binary endohedral fullerene lattices
Authors: Miller Abigail , Halstead Matthew , Besley Elena , Stace Anthony J
Published: April 2022

Nanoparticle lattices and endohedral fullerenes have been identified as building blocks for electronic and optical devices; it is proposed that by combining those concepts stable nanoparticle lattices could be fabricated from endohedral fullerenes.
Highly efficient and selective aqueous phase hydrogenation of aryl ketones, aldehydes, furfural and levulinic acid and its ethyl ester catalyzed by phosphine oxide-decorated polymer immobilized ionic liquid-stabilized ruthenium nanoparticles
Authors: Doherty S. , Knight J. G. , Backhouse T. , Tran T. S. T. , Paterson R. , Stahl F. , Alharbi H. Y. , Chamberlain T. W. , Bourne R. A. , Stones R. , Griffiths A. , White J. P. , Aslam Z. , Hardare C. , Daly H. , Hart J. , Temperton R. H. , O'Shea J. N. , Rees N. H.
Published: April 2022

Phosphine oxide-decorated polymer immobilized ionic liquid stabilized RuNPs catalyse the hydrogenation of aryl ketones with remarkable selectivity for the CO bond, complete hydrogenation to the cyclohexylalcohol and hydrogenation of levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone.
The upgrading role of Al at T1/T2 sites in stabilizing Pd ions over Pd-beta passive NOx adsorbers under a reducing atmosphere
Authors: Zhu Yi , Wang Jun , Zhai Yanping , Shen Gurong , Wang Jianqiang , Wang Chen , Shen Meiqing
Published: April 2022

The preserved Pd ions as γ and β sites related with Al at T1–T2 sites corresponded to the stabilized NOx storage capability and rendered a suitable desorption temperature.
Recent advances in the applications of thorium-based metal–organic frameworks and molecular clusters
Authors: Li Zi-Jian , Guo Xiaofeng , Qiu Jie , Lu Huangjie , Wang Jian-Qiang , Lin Jian
Published: April 2022

This perspective summarizes the recent advances in the structures and applications of thorium-based metal–organic frameworks and molecular clusters.
Astilbin fromSmilax glabraRoxb. alleviates high-fat diet-induced metabolic dysfunction
Authors: Wang Tingwei , Ye Yongli , Ji Jian , Zhang Shuang , Yang Xingxing , Xu Jiayuan , Wang Jia-Sheng , Chen Zhiyuan , Xia Bangen , Shen Hongfang , Xia Ruowei , Shi Wenqin , Sun Xiulan
Published: April 2022

Astilbin caused a significant improvement in lipid metabolism in HFD-fed mice. Astilbin could reduce weight gainand insulin resistance in obese individuals and modify intestinal microbiota disorders, lipid metabolism, and xanthine metabolism.
Biomass-derived porous carbon materials: synthesis, designing, and applications for supercapacitors
Authors: Sun Li , Gong Youning , Li Delong , Pan Chunxu
Published: April 2022

This paper shows a new classification of preparing biomass-based porous carbon materials. The design of high-performance biomass-based porous carbon materials and their recent progress in the field of supercapacitors are reviewed.
Designing and screening of fluoroquinolone substitutes using combined in silico approaches: biological metabolism–bioconcentration bilateral selection and their mechanism analyses
Authors: Pu Qikun , Han Zhenzhen , Li Xinao , Li Qing , Li Yu
Published: April 2022

The study was aimed to design FQ substitutes, improve the bio-metabolism and bio-concentration ability of FQs drugs from the perspective of source control, and provide theoretical support for alleviating the potential environmental risks of FQs.
On-demand quantum spin Hall insulators controlled by two-dimensional ferroelectricity
Authors: Huang Jiawei , Duan Xu , Jeon Sunam , Kim Youngkuk , Zhou Jian , Li Jian , Liu Shi
Published: April 2022

A design principle is proposed for a new quantum material that has the band topology directly coupled to the ferroelectricity, allowing non-volatile on–off switch of quantum spin Hall states and laying the foundation for topological memristors.
TiO2 nanocrystal rods on titanium microwires: growth, vacuum annealing, and photoelectrochemical oxygen evolution
Authors: Harris-Lee Thom R. , Johnson S. Andrew L. , Wang Lina , Fletcher Philip J. , Zhang Jie , Bentley Cameron , Bowen Christopher R. , Marken Frank
Published: April 2022

Titania nanocrystal rods grown hydrothermally onto titanium microwire are mechanically robust and photoelectrochemically active.
Hf-based UiO-66-type solid electrolytes for all-solid-state lithium batteries
Authors: Zhang Jia , Zhang Yao , Zhou Zhiyuan , Gao Yanfang
Published: April 2022

Solid electrolytes composed of Hf-based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) were synthesized with excellent cycling stabilities. Their ionic conductivities were up to 2.82 × 10−3 S cm−1 at room temperature.
Three-dimensional nano-framework CoP/Co2P/Co3O4 heterojunction as a trifunctional electrocatalyst for metal–air battery and water splitting
Authors: Zou Wenjian , Xiang Jiadong , Tang Hao
Published: April 2022

Three-dimensional nano-framework CoP/Co2P/Co3O4 heterojunctions exhibit superior trifunctional electrocatalyst performances toward metal–air batteries and water splitting.
Charge transfer excitons in unfunctionalized graphite-wrapped MAPbBr3 nanocrystal composites with different morphologies
Authors: Nim Gaurav Kumar , Ghosh Sukanya , Saini Saurabh Kumar , Kumar Mahesh , Kar Prasenjit
Published: April 2022

Charge transfer from perovskite nanocrystals to graphite sheets.
Synthesis of 1H-isoindoliums by electrophile-mediated cascade cyclization/iodination of propargylamine-based 1,6-diynes
Authors: Cui Jian-Fang , Yu Qiong , O Wa-Yi , Huang Li-Wu , Yang Bin , Wong Man-Kin
Published: April 2022

A highly regio- and chemoselective synthesis of 1H-isoindoliums through a novel cascade cyclization reaction of propargylamine-based 1,6-diynes has been developed.
Visible-light-induced acylation/cyclization of active alkenes: facile access to acylated isoquinolinones
Authors: Guo Yang , Huang Peng-Fei , Liu Yu , He Bin-Hong
Published: April 2022

A visible-light-induced acylation/cyclization of active alkenes with acyl oxime derivatives for constructing acylated indolo/benzimidazo-[2,1,a]isoquinolin-6(5H) ones at room temperature is developed.
Biocompatible poly(N-(ω-acryloyloxy-n-alkyl)-2-pyrrolidone)s with widely-tunable lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs): a promising alternative to poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)
Authors: Nishimura Shin-nosuke , Nishida Kei , Ueda Tomoya , Shiomoto Shohei , Tanaka Masaru
Published: April 2022

The biocompatible (co)polymers undergoes a thermal stimulus-driven liquid–liquid phase separation and form coacervates above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST). The LCSTs are able to be precisely controlled between 0 °C and 100 °C.
Sustainable design of vanillin-based vitrimers using vinylogous urethane chemistry
Authors: Engelen Stéphanie , Wróblewska Aleksandra Alicja , De Bruycker Kevin , Aksakal Resat , Ladmiral Vincent , Caillol Sylvain , Du Prez Filip E.
Published: April 2022

A vanillin derivative containing β-hydroxy-amine functionalities was introduced into vitrimer materials using vinylogous urethane chemistry. These new materials have a high bio-based content and show fast reprocessability.
An isotopic probe to follow the stereochemical course of dehydratase reactions in polyketide and fatty acid biosynthesis
Authors: Yin Zhiyong , Liebhart Elisa , Stegmann Evi , Brötz-Oesterhelt Heike , Dickschat Jeroen S.
Published: April 2022

Four stereoisomeric and isotopically labelled probes that are suitable to easily follow the stereochemical course of dehydratases have been synthesised.
Enhanced fluorescence quenching forp-nitrophenol in imidazolium ionic liquids using a europium-based fluorescent probe
Authors: Yi Sijing , Li Huanhuan , Liu Xiaoxia
Published: April 2022

The chemosensing ofp-nitrophenol has been carried out in different solvents using a europium-based fluorescent probe and enhanced quenching efficiency was obtained in imidazolium ionic liquids compared to in water.
Synthesis and crystal structure of a sulphur-bridged molecular hoop consisting of 5,7,12,14-tetrathiapentacene
Authors: Ueda Masafumi , Mazaki Yasuhiro
Published: April 2022

5,7,12,14-Tetrathiapentacene (TC[2]TTP) was synthesized by an intramolecular Friedel–Crafts-type condensation, adopting a honeycomb structure with columnar stacking. X-ray crystallography revealed polymorphisms with organic solvents incorporated into its internal cavity.
Hydrogen production from CO2 reforming of methane using zirconia supported nickel catalyst
Authors: Kurdi Abdulrahman N. , Ibrahim Ahmed A. , Al-Fatesh Ahmed S. , Alquraini Abdullah A. , Abasaeed Ahmed E. , Fakeeha Anis H.
Published: April 2022

The use of hydrogen as an alternative fuel is an attractive and promising technology as it contributes to the reduction of environmentally harmful gases.
Evaluation of the microstructure, optical properties and hopping conduction mechanism of rare earth doped Ba0.85Ca0.12RE0.03Ti0.90Zr0.04Nb0.042O3 ceramics (RE = Ce3+ and Pr3+)
Authors: Bourguiba M. , Raddaoui Z. , Dimassi W. , Chafra M. , Dhahri J. , Marchet P. , Garcia M. A.
Published: April 2022

This work examines the impact of rare earth (RE3+) ion substitution on the structural, optical and conduction properties of a Ba0.85Ca0.12RE0.03Ti0.90Zr0.04Nb0.042O3 (BCRETZN) (RE = Ce, Pr) ceramic compound produced via a solid-state route.
Co-ligand triphenylphosphine/alkynyl-stabilized undecagold nanocluster with a capped crown structure
Authors: Gao Yan-Li , Bi Shiqing , Wang Yufei , Li Jian , Su Ting , Gao Xuchun
Published: April 2022

We synthesized novel co-ligand phosphine/alkynyl-stabilized Au nanoclusters with a capped crown structure, and all alkynides are exclusively in the μ1-η1-end-on coordination mode which is unlike the other undecagold system.
Transfer hydrogenation of nitroarenes using cellulose filter paper-supported Pd/C by filtration as well as sealed methods
Authors: Bokov Dmitry Olegovich , Mahmoud Mustafa Z. , Widjaja Gunawan , Suksatan Wanich , Chupradit Supat , Altimari Usama S. , Hussein Hussein Ali , Mustafa Yasser Fakri , kazemnejadi Milad
Published: April 2022

A novel and efficient catalytic filtration has been developed for the selective reduction of nitro compounds on a Pd/C-doped cellulose filter paper.
SrTiO3@NiFe LDH core–shell composites for photocatalytic CO2 conversion
Authors: Zhu Lian , Qiao Zhengping
Published: April 2022

A series of core@shell SrTiO3@NiFe LDH composites (STONFs) were synthesized and their photocatalytic CO2 reduction performance was studied.
Transition-metal-catalyzed remote C–H functionalization of thioethers
Authors: Feng Xiao-Qing , Wang He-Cheng , Li Zhi , Tang Long , Sun Xiaoqiang , Yang Ke
Published: April 2022

This minireview systematically introduces the major advances and their mechanisms in the field of transition-metal-catalyzed remote C–H functionalization of thioethers.
Preparation and evaluation of activated carbon from low-rank coal via alkali activation and its fundamental CO2 adsorption capacity at ambient temperature under pure pressurized CO2
Authors: Mochizuki Yuuki , Bud Javzandolgor , Byambajav Enkhsaruul , Tsubouchi Naoto
Published: April 2022

The relationship between the CO2 adsorbed amount and specific surface area (a) or pore volumes (b) of the prepared activated carbon. The open plot is the prepared activated carbon. The solid plot is the activated carbon prepared from BN, TN, and SO.
Anion-coordination-driven single–double helix switching and chiroptical molecular switching based on oligoureas
Authors: Li Hongfei , Kou Lei , Liang Lin , Li Boyang , Zhao Wei , Yang Xiao-Juan , Wu Biao
Published: April 2022

Two-in-one switching of single–double helical forms and helicities is demonstrated using anion-coordination-driven oligourea foldamers.
Reactive oxygen species regulation and synergistic effect for effective water purification through Fenton-like catalysis on single-atom Cu–N sites
Authors: Zuo Shiyu , Guan Zeyu , Yang Fan , Xia Dongsheng , Li Dongya
Published: April 2022

The results highlight single-atom catalyzed efficient ROS production and its synergistic effect for a wide range of potential applications, including environmental remediation.
A heteroepitaxially grown two-dimensional metal–organic framework and its derivative for the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Huo Meiling , Sun Tu , Wang Yanzhi , Sun Pengfei , Dang Jingshuang , Wang Bin , Dharanipragada N. V. R. Aditya , Inge A. Ken , Zhang Wei , Cao Rui , Ma Yanhang , Zheng Haoquan
Published: April 2022

Two-dimensional (2D) metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have become a hot topic recently due to their high surface area, larger number of exposed active sites, and improved conductivity.
Real time quantification of mixed ion and electron transfer associated with the doping of poly(3-hexylthiophene)
Authors: Thakur Ratul Mitra , Easley Alexandra D. , Wang Shaoyang , Zhang Yiren , Ober Christopher K. , Lutkenhaus Jodie L.
Published: April 2022

Real-time effects of mass transfer and electrochemical doping on the electronic properties of P3HT.
Characteristics of flexible ZnO nanorod UV photodetectors processed by using a direct silicon etching transfer method
Authors: Jang Hun , Kwon Do-Kyun , Kim Do Hoon , Myoung Jae-Min
Published: April 2022

A flexible UV photodetector based on ZnO NRs with good photoelectrical properties was fabricated by applying DSET to achieve superior UV-sensing properties.
Nucleation and crystallization manipulations of tin halide perovskites for highly efficient solar cells
Authors: Cao Jun-Jie , Lou Yan-Hui , Wang Kai-Li , Wang Zhao-Kui
Published: April 2022

Over recent years, the efficiency of tin-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has exceeded 14%, which indicates their significant potential in the photovoltaic field.