bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
دور البنك الإسلامي للتنمية في تفعيل السوق المالي الإسلامي-الصكوك الإسلامية نموذجا-
Authors: Khamisi bin Rajm
Published: December 2019

الهدف الرئيسي للدراسة هو البحث في إمكانية تفعيل الأسواق المالية الإسلامية الناشئة من خلال إستراتيجية البنك الإسلامي للتنمية في النهوض بالصيرفة الإسلامية ومؤسساتها؛ وللوصول إلى هذا الهدف تبدأ الدراسة بتوضيح تعاريف السوق المالي الإسلامي ثم تتعرض الدراسة إلى الإطار المفاهيمي للبنك الإسلامي للتنمية وتحدياته، بالإضافة إلى التطرق إلى مساهمة البنك الإسلامي للتنمية في تفعيل السوق المالي الإسلامي بالاعتماد على إستراتيجية تطوير الصناعة المالية الإسلامية وفق برنامج الصكوك الإسلامية، وبرنامج تعزيز البنية التحتية للصناعة المصرفية من خلال الهندسة المالية الإسلامية. وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى أن البنك نجح في تفعيل السوق المالي الإسلامي الناشئ بالشراكة مع السوق المالية الإسلامية الدولية وذلك بتكثيف إصدارات الصكوك الإسلامية وتداولها في الأسواق المالية الإسلامية داخل وخارج البلاد الإسلامية وبعملات متنوعة ،كذلك هيأ البنك المعهد الإسلامي للبحوث والتدريب للقيام ببرامج علمية ودورات تكوينية لدعم المالية الإسلامية، كما شارك البنك الإسلامي للتنمية في الاستثمار في أسهم المؤسسات المالية الإسلامية، والتأكيد على تحديث وعصرنة الجهاز المصرفي فيها، وتوفير البيئة المواتية لصناعة الصيرفة الإسلامية من خلال برامج المساعدة الفنية وخدمات الاستشارية في الدول الأعضاء رامياً بذلك إلى تأسيس أسواق مالية إسلامية في الدول الأعضاء تكون مهمتها تنويع الإصدارات وتحقيق العوائد الاقتصادية المجدية. الكلمات الدالة: السوق المالي الإسلامي، البنك الإسلامي للتنمية، الصكوك الإسلامية، التمويل الإسلامي، الهندسة المالية الإسلامية.
مظاهر الاقتصاد الإسلامي في عصر التشريع
Authors: Al-Moumani Muhammad
Published: December 2019

يهدف هذا البحث إلى إظهار معالم الاقتصاد الإسلامي في عصر التشريع، من خلال دراسة الأحداث الاقتصادية في حالتي السلم والحرب خلال تلك الفترة، حيث شهدت تلك الفترة العديد من التشريعات الاقتصادية, ولتحقيق هذا الهدف فقد تم صياغة أسئلة البحث: بما هي أبرز معالم الاقتصاد الإسلامي في عصر التشريع، خلال فترتي الحرب والسلم؟ ولإثبات ذلك فقد تم تقسيمه إلى مبحثين رئيسيين هما: المبحث الأول : حيث تم دراسة معالم الاقتصاد الإسلامي في حالة السلم، والمبحث الثاني : فقد تم تخصيصه لدراسة معالم الاقتصاد الإسلامي في حالة الحرب . اتبع الباحث المنهج الاستقرائي لرصد الأحداث الاقتصادية ضمن مجال البحث، وقد توصل إلى جملة من النتائج منها: أن النشاطات الاقتصادية المختلفة لها أبعاد اقتصادية هامة، مثل توفير الأيدي العاملة، وزيادة الإنتاج. الكلمات المفتاحية: الاقتصاد الإسلامي، عصر التشريع، النشاطات الاقتصادية
Species-Specific Identification of Human Adenoviruses in Sewage
Authors: WIECZOREK MAGDALENA , KRZYSZTOSZEK ARLETA , WITEK AGNIESZKA
Published: December 2019

Human adenovirus (HAdV) diversity in sewage was assessed by species-specific molecular methods. Samples of raw sewage were collected in 14 sewage disposal systems from January to December 2011, in Poland. HAdVs were detected in 92.1% of the analysed sewage samples and was significantly higher at cities of over 100 000 inhabitants. HAdV DNA was detected in sewage during all seasons. The most abundant species identified were HAdV-F (average 89.6%) and -A (average 19.6%), which are associated with intestine infections. Adenoviruses from B species were not detected. The result of the present study demonstrate that human adenoviruses are consistently present in sewage in Poland, demonstrating the importance of an adequate treatment before the disposal in the environment. Multiple HAdV species identified in raw sewage provide new information about HAdV circulation in the Polish population.
Optimized Protocol for PFGE Analysis of Anginosus (milleri) Streptococci
Authors: OBSZAŃSKA KATARZYNA , KERN-ZDANOWICZ IZABELLA , SITKIEWICZ IZABELA
Published: December 2019

Streptococcus anginosus (milleri) is a diverse group of gram positive bacteria. Molecular methods to establish relationship between strains are poorly developed. Therefore, main tool to study genetic variability is restriction fragment length polymorphism combined with pulsed field gel electrophoresis (RFLP-PFGE). In this communication, we present optimized protocol for S. anginosus PFGE analysis.
ANALISIS SISTEM PENYALURAN AIR BUANGAN DOMESTIK DENGAN OFF SITE SYSTEM
Authors: Marhadi Marhadi
Published: December 2019

Sistem penyaluran air limbah merupakan bagian penting dalam sistem prasarana perkotaan.Tujuan penelitian ini merancang desain sistem penyaluran air limbah domestik menggunakan off site system di Kecamatan Jambi Timur.Data penelitian berupa data sekunder dari instansi terkait, studi pustaka, dan hasil beberapa penelitian terdahulu.Perkiraan jumlah penduduk dikecamatan pada tahun perencanaan 2037 menggunakan metode eksponensial. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan survei lapangan dan waktu penelitian dilakukan pada tanggal 1 April sampai dengan 1 Agustus 2016 Dalam perencanaan blok layanan paling kecil di Kelurahan  Tanjung Pinang dan Tanjung Sari untuk luas daerah layanan 1,69 km2dan kebutuhan air bersih sebesar 20,31 liter/orang/detik dan volume air limbah 16,24 liter/orang/detik, dan yang terbesar di daerah sijenjang 7,88 km2. Dan kebutuhan air bersih sebesar 64.29 liter/orang/detik dan volume air limbah 51.42 liter/orang/detik. Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) dibangun di lokasi Kelurahan Kasang Jaya. Perencanaan blok pelayanan sebanyak 5 buah zona. Perecanaan debit air limbah 20 tahun kedepan pada tahun 2037 sebesar 0,12 m3/detik dengan infiltrasi sebesar 0,024 m3/detik. diameter pipa yang digunakan pipa air limbah adalah 6 – 8 inchi dan diameter pipa yang digunakan pada perencanaan ini adalah 150 mm dan 200 mm dengan jenis pipa PVC tipe D. Proses pengolahan air limbah domestic mengunakan instalasi pengolahan air limbah (IPAL) dengan jenis biofilter aneraob. Panjang pipa yang dibutuhkan di wilayah zona A untuk Keluahan Payo Selincah adalah 1650 meter, untuk wilayah zona B Kelurahan Talang Banjanr, Budiman dan Sulanjana adalah  2460 meter, untuk wilayah zona C Kelurahan  Tanjung Pinang dan Tanjung Sari adalah 2492 meter, untuk wilayah zona D Kelurahan Kasang, Rajawali dan Kasang Jaya adalah 1391 meter dan  untuk wilayah zona E Kelurahan Sijenjang adalah 3854 meter
PENGARUH JUMLAH OLI BEKAS TERHADAP KUAT TEKAN MORTAR PADA PROSES SOLIDIFIKASI/STABILISASI LIMBAH OLI BEKAS
Authors: Kasman Monik
Published: December 2019

Limbah oli bekas termasuk dalam limbah B3 dari sumber tidak spesifik sehingga penanganannya pun harus secara khusus dan mengacu pada PP 101 tahun 2014 tentang pengelolaan limbah B3. Solidifikasi/stabilisasi atau disingkat s/s merupakan suatu metoda dan proses pengolahan limbah bahan berbahaya dan beracun (B3) yang direkomendasikan untuk pengolahan limbah B3 dalam PP 101 tahun 2014. Penelitianinimerupakanpenelitianpendahuluanuntukmenelaahapakah proses solidifikasi/stabilisasidapatdigunakandalammengolahlimbaholibekas. Dalampenelitianini, limbaholibekasdijadikansebagaipengganti air sebagaicampuran mortar denganvarian air terhadapolibekas (a/o) 100%/0%, 75%/25%, 50%/50% dan 25%/75%. Umur mortar dalampenelitianiniadalah 3 hari, 7 haridan 4 hari.Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa proses solidifikasi/stabilisasi dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu alternatif pengolahan limbah oli bekas. Rasio oli bekas terhadap air sebagai air campuran dalam pembuatan mortar dan umur mortar berpengaruh terhadap kuat tekan mortar . Varian mortar yang memenuhi nilai kuat tekan sesuai dengan SNI-15-7064.2004 dan ASTM C-150-02 adalah rasio a/o 75%/25%. Nilai kuat teken rasio a/o 75%/25% umur 3,  7 dan 14 hari adalah 16 MPa, 18,67 MPa, dan 22 MPa.
PEMANFAATAN SIKLUS PEMBUANGAN AIR TERHADAP SISTEM DRAINASE PERUMAHAN KOTA
Authors: Azwarman Azwarman
Published: December 2019

Flooding as one of the big problems in Jambi City can be overcome by arranging drainage and drainage system for flood control. However, excess water during floods and used in anticipation of water shortages during the dry season has not been widely studied. The basic principle of water utilization is the engineering into a system of absorption wells or also known as water conservation which aims to prevent or minimize the lost water as the flow of the surface and store it as much as possible into the earth. The study was conducted in Jambi City, taking a case study of housing by conducting engineering to the housing drainage system so that new designs are emerging. The analysis is in the form of field observation and data analysis. This residential location is located in Paalmerah Village with 78/105 building type and there are 23 units of buildings with garden facilities and security. The results show that based on the intensity of rainfall, the dimensions of absorption wells and reservoirs can be determined for Jatayu housing. The dimension of absorption well is with the diameter of circle 1m and height 1.89 m while for the storage tub dimension is rectangular cross section with size 2m x 1.5 m x 1.5 m.Keywords: rainfall, water conservation, efficiency
Kajian Pengaruh Variasi Material Terhadap Kuat Tekan Beton
Authors: Suhendra Suhendra
Published: December 2019

Aggregate quality is very influential on the strength of the resulting concrete. Both coarse and fine aggregates have various characteristics identified from laboratory test results. This study aims to examine the use of various aggregates for a quality of concrete. The coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate used are obtained from the nearest location to the work to be performed. The quality of the concrete reviewed is K-125, K-175 and K-225. The coarse aggregates used are 1-2 size (in cm), 2-3 size (in cm) crushed aggregate and coral. The fine aggregates used for each of the coarse aggregates are also different. The results showed that the coral aggregate did not meet the gradations of concrete aggregate. While the fine aggregate does not meet the gradation of concrete aggregate for the three types used. The concrete compressive strength test results show the use of coarse aggregates of 2-3 size of crushed and coarse aggregate of corals giving the average compressive strength value required for all planned concrete strength. While concrete using coarse aggregates of rocks of size 1-2 only meet the specified compressive strength, but does not meet the required compressive strength.Key words: Aggregates, concrete, compressive strength
Analisis Besaran Komponen Imbangan Air pada Lahan Irigasi Kelingi Tugumulyo Kabupaten Musi Rawas Provinsi Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Yendri Okma , Putranto Dinar DA , Sarino Sarino
Published: December 2019

Penggunaan Air di suatu Daerah Irigasi menjadi hal yang sangat penting agar sumber daya air yang ada dapat dialokasikan ke semua daerah irigasi secara efisien dan efektif. Pemberian air irigasi dan hujan akan mempengaruhi imbangan air di lahan. Bila diketahui ada kelebihan ketersediaan air terhadap kebutuhan air irigasi, maka dapat dilakukan penghematan dan dimanfaatkan lagi untuk berbagai kepentingan lain. Sistem imbangan air irigasi di lahan meliputi hujan, suplai air, kebutuhan air untuk tanaman dan kelebihan air perlu di kelolah dengan baik dengan model simulasi untuk mengetahui besaran parameter-parameter dalam imbangan air dilahan irigasi dengan menerapkan secara koninyu, terjadwal dan terkontorol. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi menunjukkan kebutuhan air irigasi dengan cara pemberian secara terjadwal merupakan yang paling sedikit yaitu 523.31 mm per musim tanam, diikuti pemberian air secara kontinyu 587.36 mm per musim tanam, kemudian pemberian air secara terkontrol sebesar 618.71 mm per musim tanam.
A Multi-Attribute Sales Comparison Method for Real Estate Valuation
Authors: Farkas András , Porumb Bogdan
Published: December 2019

The theory and practice of real-estate valuation has attracted immense interest over the past decades. This paper is concerned with the sales comparison approach. First, a brief survey of some procedures used worldwide, the sales comparison by adjustments, the hedonic regression and the hedonic price index method, is presented. To improve the versatility of property appraisals a new valuation method, as a combination of multi-objective optimization (MOO) and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) is developed. A unique feature of this model is that it enables the appraiser to evaluate the characteristics of a property on those scales of measurement to which they belong de facto. To comply with this objective, distinct metric distance functions on each scale of measurement, including the two qualitative scales (nominal and ordinal), are employed. After that, the physical worth of a property is derived as a weighted sum of the composite scores. This can be measured on an interval scale. To predict the monetary worth of a property, a simple linear regression model is developed. The benefits of the use of this multi-attribute valuation method is also discussed. A comprehensive real-world study showing the application of the procedure is included.
Reactions Victims Display Against Cyberbullying: A Cross-cultural Comparison
Authors: ERİŞTİ Bahadır
Published: December 2019

This research aims to examine behavioral reactions that victims display against cyberbullying through a cross-cultural comparison standpoint. The research data have been collected from 161 participants from different countries such as Turkey, Azerbaijan, and Syria; and all of them continue their undergraduate studies in Turkey. Some of the noteworthy findings are as follows: revenge behaviors adopted by victims of cyber-bullying differ at a statistically significant level across the gender variable. On the other hand, reactions such as precautions, dialogue, and avoidance do not vary significantly across genders. Comparisons among nationalities indicate that seeking vengeance from the bully, looking for ways to build dialogue with the bully, and avoiding behaviors employed by victims from different cultures also differ at a statistically significant level. However, one reaction, precautions, does not bear a statistically significant variance value across different nationalities. Based on the findings of the current study, strategies to overcome cyber aggression can be associated with cultural aspects.
Характеристика інтернальності як чинника готовності майбутніх психологів до особистісно-професійного саморозвитку
Authors: Шульженко Діна , Кетлер-Митницька Тетяна
Published: December 2019

У статті обґрунтовано актуальність проблеми оцінювання сформованості інтернальності та готовності до особистісно-професійного саморозвитку майбутніх психологів у контексті високих вимог до особистісного розвитку фахівців цього профілю. Стисло охарактеризовано поняття дослідження. На основі огляду теорії питання сформульовано підсумок, що інтернальність майбутніх психологів можна розглядати в якості чинника їх готовності до особистісно-професійного саморозвитку. Наведено дані сучасних емпіричних досліджень, які підтверджують існування взаємозв’язків між цими властивостями. Встановлено недостатність експериментально-дослідного вивчення характеру їх взаємовпливу. Розкрито запропоновану авторами структуру інтернальності майбутніх психологів (когнітивний, особистісний, регуляторний компоненти) та їх готовності до особистісно-професійного саморозвитку (когнітивний, аксіологічно-мотиваційний, поведінковий компоненти). Зазначено психодіагностичні методики, призначені для оцінки сформованості кожного компоненту.Подано інформацію щодонавчальних закладів та кількості майбутніх психологів четвертих і п’ятих курсів, які взяли участь у констатувальному експерименті. Проілюстровано та проаналізовано статистично значущі кореляційні зв’язки між компонентами досліджуваних явищ (із застосуванням критерію лінійної кореляції К. Пірсона). Встановлено існування статистично достовірного взаємозв’язку між: когнітивним компонентом інтернальності та аксіологічно-мотиваційним компонентом готовності майбутніх психологів до особистісно-професійного саморозвитку; когнітивним компонентом інтернальності та поведінковим компонентом готовності до саморозвитку; регуляторним компонентом інтернальності, когнітивним та поведінковим компонентами готовності до саморозвитку. Розведено результати аналізу показників студентів четвертих та п’ятих курсів. На основі отриманих емпіричних даних зроблено висновок про доцільність розробки програми формування інтернальності як чинника готовності майбутніх психологів до особистісно-професійного саморозвитку.
PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN AND PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS’ KNOWLEDGE OF IBERIAN NATIVE AND AFRICAN SAVANNAH MAMMALS
Authors: Almeida António , Fernández Beatriz García , Stretch-Ribeiro Orlando
Published: December 2019

The present research compared the knowledge of primary school children and pre-service primary teachers about various native mammals of the Iberian Peninsula (IP-Portugal and Spain) and the African Savannah. For this purpose, a questionnaire was administered to 420 children and 215 pre-service teachers from these countries asking for the identification of animals through photos and whether they had native status on the IP. The pre-service teachers performed better than the children. The Savannah animals were better identified than those of the IP. The results were similar in both countries, even though the Spanish performed a little better. Children from both countries had more difficulty identifying the native status of the animals, with a high percentage of them thinking that Savannah animals lived in the wild on the IP. This error was less frequent among the pre-service teachers but, even so, with a percentage for certain animals that can be considered of concern. This issue is absent in the training courses in both countries, a conclusion based on an analysis of the syllabuses. The importance of improving knowledge of native fauna though formal and informal learning is discussed as a way to promote a conservationist attitude with direct repercussions on the recognition of the importance of local or regional biodiversity. Keywords: pre-service teachers, primary school children, native fauna, savannah mammals.
REGIONAL EDUCATIONAL EQUITY: A SURVEY ON THE ABILITY TO DESIGN SCIENTIFIC EXPERIMENTS OF SIXTH-GRADE STUDENTS
Authors: Xiantong Yang , Mengmeng Zhang , Xin Song , Lan Hou , Qiang Wang
Published: December 2019

Due to the vast territory, there are problems of unbalanced development of education and students’ ability level in China. In order to explore the relation between regional education equity and the development of students’ scientific ability, and to better promote the development of education and students’ growth, it is urgent to carry out the research. In the context of regional coordinated development, stratified random sampling and cluster sampling were used to study the ability to design scientific experiments of 742 sixth-grade students in Beijing. The results showed that, first of all, the ability to design scientific experiments of 742 sixth-grade students in Beijing was low and the developmental level was not coordinated. Secondly, there was a significant correlation between gender and students’ ability to design scientific experiments. In addition, there was a significant negative correlation between districts and the ability to guess and predict. Finally, significant positive correlations were found among the internal structures of ability to design scientific experiments. Therefore, in order to promote the coordinated development of students’ ability to design scientific experiments, this paper puts forward effective suggestions in four aspects: improving science teachers’ professionalism, offering experimental resources, updating teaching philosophy and strengthening curriculum construction. Keywords: experimental design, primary school students, regional educational equity, science education, scientific experiments.
Science and Technology for Sustainable Development
Authors: Dawlatana Mamtaz
Published: December 2019

This Special Issue contains the abstracts from the "Science and Technology for Sustainable Development" which was held on 12-14 December 2019 at the Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dr. Qudrat-I-Khuda Road, Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh. Organised by the Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research (BJSIR).

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 54 (Special Issue), 1-134, 2019
Analisis Wacana Kritis Norman Fairclough Pada Pernyataan Kontroversial Viktor Laiskodat
Authors: Gasa Frederik Masri
Published: December 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan mengkritisi retorika Gubernur NTT, Viktor Laiskodat. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif berparadigma kritis karena peneliti berusaha untuk membedah teks berupa pernyataan-pernyataan Viktor Laiskodat. Peneliti menggunakan Analisis Wacana Kritis Norman Fairclough untuk meneliti pernyataan-pernyataan tersebut dari tiga dimensi, yakni teks, praktik wacana dan praktik sosiokultural. Retorika Viktor Laiskodat bertujuan untuk mempersuasi masyarakat NTT agar mengubah kebiasaan dan cara hidup yang lama serta bersama dengan Pemerintah mengatasi berbagai persoalan, seperti kemiskinan, Pendidikan dan kesehatan.
El fondo documental de las Cortes de Castilla en el Archivo del Congreso de los Diputados : propuesta de tratamiento archivístico
Authors: Sanz Cabanillas María Jesús
Published: December 2019

SUMARIO: 1.- Introducción. 2.- El Archivo del Congreso de los Diputados. 3.- El fondo de Cortes de Castilla: historia de su producción y estado actual de la documentación. 3.1. Historia de los sujetos productores del fondo. 3.2. El Archivo de la Diputación del Reino. 3.3. Estado actual de la documentación. 4.- Aspectos teóricos del tratamiento archivístico. 5.- Propuesta de identificación y valoración. 6.- Propuesta de descripción y difusión. 7.- Conclusiones. 8.- Bibliografía.
El procedimiento de votación del personal embarcado
Authors: Gálvez Muñoz Luis Alberto , Ruiz González José Gabirel
Published: December 2019

SUMARIO: I.- Introducción. II.- Delimitación del procedimiento. 1) Regulación y especialidades. 2) Ámbito de aplicación. A) Interpretación estricta.  B) Matizaciones. 3) Tramitación. A) Solicitud del elector. B) Traslado y tramitación de la solicitud. C) Entrega de la documentación al elector. D) Emisión y envío del voto por el elector.  E) Resto de trámites. III.- El problema de la inaplicación del procedimiento. 1) Algunos datos reveladores. 2) Posibles causas. 3) Propuestas. IV.- Consideraciones finales.
THE CRISIS OF INTERNATIONAL LAW IN INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL ECONOMY: CASE STUDY OF SOUTH CHINA SEA DISPUTE
Authors: Sinaga Obsatar , Robertua Verdinand
Published: December 2019

This research discussed the impact of Permanent Court of Arbitrationâ€™s decision on the dynamic of South China Sea dispute. Courtâ€™s decision in July 2016 to give South China Sea based on UNCLOSâ€™s regulation has provoked Chinaâ€™s objection. This research question is on How to understand the crisis of international law in the international political economy using English School Theory in the case of South China Sea dispute? To answer the research question, this research is using English School Theory (ES) with its two pillars namely pluralism and solidarism. This research shows two findings. First, the PCA decision has been used by the Philippines to be bargaining tool to obtain economic cooperation and appeased the failure of PCA ruling. Secondly, the PCA decision has provided momentum for China to transform their policy related to the South China Sea dispute with its role as the great power. Thirdly, the structure of international law as the primary institution would be consists of great power politics, ASEAN and economic diplomacy.

 

Key words: South China Sea, English School, Permanent Court of Arbitration, international political economy, international law

 

Abstrak

 

Penelitian ini membahas dampak keputusan Pengadilan Arbitrase mengenai sengketa Laut Cina Selatan. Keputusan pengadilan pada bulan Juli 2016 untuk memberi Laut Tiongkok Selatan berdasarkan peraturan UNCLOS telah memancing keberatan Tiongkok. Pertanyaan penelitian ini adalah bagaimana memahami krisis hukum internasional dalam ekonomi politik internasional dengan menggunakan Teori English School dalam kasus perselisihan Laut Tiongkok Selatan? Untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian, penelitian ini menggunakan Teori English School (ES) dengan dua pilarnya yaitu pluralisme dan solidarisme. Penelitian ini menunjukkan tiga temuan. Pertama, keputusan PCA telah digunakan oleh Filipina untuk menjadi alat tawar menawar untuk mendapatkan bantuan ekonomi  dari China dan meredakan ketegangan akibat keputusan PCA. Kedua, keputusan PCA telah memberi momentum bagi Tiongkok untuk mengubah kebijakan mereka terkait dengan perselisihan Laut Cina Selatan dengan memainkan perannya sebagai negara adikuasa. Ketiga, struktur hukum internasional sebagai institusi primer terdiri atas politik negara adikuasa, ASEAN dan diplomasi ekonomi.

 

Kata Kunci: Laut Tiongkok Selatan, English School, Permanent Court of Arbitration, Ekonomi Politik Internasional, hukum internasional
HIGHER EDUCATION WITHIN ASEAN CONNECTIVITY
Authors: Riana Yuliana , Alverina Cornelia
Published: December 2019

ASEAN member countries are well aware of the importance of education to be one of the decisive factors in developing a high quality of human resources. This is reflected in the inclusion of education in ASEAN socio-cultural cooperation dimension. This review will highlight the implementation of higher education in ASEAN connectivity described in five steps. Infrastructure connectivity makes the mobility of young people in ASEAN members become easier in pursuing education across ASEAN region. In addition, the improvement of facilities and infrastructure in educational institutions could support a conducive atmosphere in the teaching and learning process. Institutional connectivity could also develop human resources who are not only knowledgeable but also have compatible skills with industry needs in ASEAN. In regional level, connectivity through ASEAN University Network will develop quality standards between AUN members which can be used as a benchmark standard of university quality in ASEAN. Young generation connectivity through studentsâ€™ exchange program between many universities in ASEAN not only for knowledge exchange but also to understand each otherâ€™s cultural diversity. Connectivity is the success key in building the ASEAN community. Connectivity plays a role in helping to reduce education gaps among ASEAN member countries. Higher education within ASEAN connectivity will strengthen regional cooperation between university institutions and students in ASEAN, also will enhance the internationalization of competitive and high-quality education.

Keywords: connectivity, ASEAN, education
IMPLEMENTASI KERJASAMA INDONESIA â€“ INGGRIS DALAM KERANGKA MULTISTAKEHOLDER FORESTRY PROGRAMME 3 (MFP 3) TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PRODUK KAYU INDONESIA
Authors: Ridho Antoko , Fathun Laode Muhamad , Juned Mansur
Published: December 2019

This study discusses the Implementation of Indonesian and British Cooperation in the   Elite   Cooperation   of   Multistakeholders   Forestry   Program.   In   this collaboration Indonesia and the UK have rules regarding the existence of illegal logging in Indonesia. Indonesia's policy is Certification of Timber Legality Verification. The United Kingdom or the European Union has a policy that is Law Enforcement and Forest Law Governance (FLEGT). This research was conducted on the Implementation of MFP 3 on Indonesian wood products. The Thinking Framework  of  this  model  uses  the  theory  of  International  Cooperation,  the Concept of Sustainable Development. This research uses descriptive method with a  qualitative  approach.  The  collaboration  between  Indonesia  and  the  UK produces several impacts on Illegal Logging and timber production and forest management in Indonesia in 2014-2016.
Criteria for evaluation of efficiency of actions, directed to decrease in burden of tuberculosis at present stage in Russia
Authors: Shelkova E. S.
Published: December 2019

Parameters in which it is necessary to estimate efficiency of the held anti-epidemic events in the territory directed to decrease in a burden of TB at the present stage.
Etiology of community-acquired pneumoniae according to results of molecular-genetic and bacteriological studies of nasopharyngeal swabs of sick people
Authors: Sergevnin V. I. , Kuzovnikova E. Zh. , Ovchinnikov K. V.
Published: December 2019

The etiology of community-acquired pneumoniae (CAP) was evaluated according to the results of molecular-genetic and bacteriological researches of nasopharyngeal aspirate from 405 patients. According to molecular genetic studies, S. pneumoniae and M. pneumoniae are most frequently isolated from patients with CAP, and more often in children than in adults. Associations of microorganisms have been identified, among which S. pneumoniae occupies a leading position. According to bacteriological studies, S. pneumoniae is frequently isolated from patients with CAP, although the bacteriological method is not very effective.
Impact of specific prevention on epidemic process of tick-borne viral encephalitis in Siberian Federal District's regions
Authors: Shirokostup S. V. , Saldan I. P.
Published: December 2019

The article presents an assessment of the effectiveness of the effect of specific prevention measures on the incidence of tick-borne viral encephalitis in the population of the regions of the Siberian Federal District. The data on the incidence of Rospotrebnadzor of the Russian Federation and the regions of the Siberian Federal District for 2000–2017 years were used, the reporting of regional health services, the conditions and cause-effect relationships of the incidence of tick-borne encephalitis were assessed in the analysis of epidemiological survey maps of outbreaks. The study found that the analysis of the potential risk of contact with the foci of this infection in the regions of the Siberian Federal District, based on the ranking of regions by the level of population’s appeal for tick bites, can be considered as a prognostic criterion in planning the volume of preventive measures. Vaccination, having a significant impact on reducing morbidity (r = –0.89; p < 0.001) and mortality (r = –0.86; p < 0.001) from this infection, together with seroprophylaxis, can be one of the leading factors in epidemiological forecasting the incidence of tick-borne viral encephalitis in endemic areas.
Tuberculosis in population of Russian Federation
Authors: Shilova M. V.
Published: December 2019

The epidemic situation with tuberculosis in the Russian Federation is improving, but remains tense. From 2008 to 2018, the tuberculosis incidence rate of the population of the Russian Federation decreased by 1.9 times. The factors affecting the course of the epidemic process of tuberculosis infection are considered: the reliability of indicators, the standard of living of the population, the timely identification of patients with tuberculosis, HIV infection in patients with tuberculosis and the resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis (MBT) to medicinal anti-TB drugs. The incidence of tuberculosis in some cases underestimated due to deliberate misregistration and registration of newly diagnosed patients with tuberculosis. The use of Diaskintest during mass examinations of children and adolescents does not allow for the timely diagnosis of active tuberculosis in 60 % of children and in 12 % of adolescents identified from the Mantoux test. Primary infection of MBT in children 0–17 years of age with the use of Diaskintest, compared with the use of the Mantoux test (virage), is detected on average only in 6.9 % (from 3.1 to 26.3 %) of children with primary infection (virage) diagnosed by Mantoux test.
Periodontal diseases: hygiene aspects of complex attitude in treatment
Authors: Ulitovskiy S. B. , Alexeeva E. S.
Published: December 2019

The anti-inflammatory efficacy was found to be 60.93 %, the blood-stopping efficacy was 60.84 % in the group of periodontal disease patients, which was due to the use of Acept’s oral hygiene in preventing the onset and development of inflammation in the periodontal.
Visual and quantitative control for the performance of spirometry
Authors: Popova L. A. , Shergina E. A. , Chushkin M. I.
Published: December 2019

Most spirometry errors reduce test results. The aim of the study was comparison results of spirometry performed with the ATS/ERS quantitative criteria and simple visual inspection criteria. 75 patients performed spirometry twice on the same day: according to criteria of the ATS/ERS quality for spirometry and on visual control. Statistical analysis was performed with Bland-Altman method. Forced expiratory volume (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) were greater for the cases with quantitative control. The mean difference between FVCs was 0.37 ± 0.29 L. The mean difference between FEV1s was 0.06 ± 0.2 L. Using ATS/ERS spirometry guide-lines may help improve results and avoids spirometry errors.
High-frequency oscillations and gamma activity in the diagnosis of epilepsy
Authors: Selitsky G. V. , Pertsov S. S. , Sorokina N. D.
Published: December 2019

Modern studies of gamma rhythm indicate that gamma activity (30–80 Hz in standard EEG), and high-frequency (80–1000 Hz) and ultra-frequency oscillations (more than 1000 Hz), recorded by ECOG, are highly informative markers of epileptic focus. Further study of high-frequency bioelectric activity of the brain is of interest to researchers and clinicians in order to improve the electroencephalographic differential diagnosis in epilepsy.
Irritable bowel syndrome in a patient with obesity: accident or regularity?
Authors: Simanenkov V. I. , Tikhonov S. V. , Dekkanova V. D.
Published: December 2019

The review article is about the mechanisms of comorbidity of irritable bowel syndrome and obesity. Special attention is paid to the genetic, hormonal mechanisms of comorbidity, the role of anxiety and depressive disorders, the influence of microbiota. Studying the mechanisms of comorbidity may be appropriate in terms of a more detailed study of the pathophysiology and optimization of the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome and obesity and obesity.
Hormone therapy in menopausal women with fibroids: is it safe? (Literature review)
Authors: Zaydieva Ya. Z.
Published: December 2019

Hormone therapy is an effective treatment option for menopausal women, although prolonged use of hormone therapy is associated with a slightly increased risk of breast cancer, thromboembolism, and stroke. A literature search for studies evaluating the effects of hormone therapy in menopausal women with asymptomatic fibroids demonstrated variable effects of hormone therapy on the volume and size of the fibroids. Some studies have demonstrated an increase in size of pre-existing asymptomatic fibroids and formation of new fibroids with higher doses of progestogen in combination therapy. Selective estrogen receptor modulators having tissue-specific estrogen agonistic and antagonistic actions such as raloxifene have a favorable clinical profile and may be better alternatives in women with asymptomatic fibroids.
Severity of menopausal disorders of patients with epilepsy
Authors: Abusueva Z. A. , Tetekaeva A. M. , Khashaeva T. Kh. , Geybatova L. G. , Alieva I. M.
Published: December 2019

The results of research testify the negative influence of epilepsy on the severity of menopausal disorders. We conducted a survey of 43 postmenopausal women with epilepsy using climacteric scale of Green. The survey revealed that in presence of epilepsy climacteric syndrome tends to a protracted course with a predominance of severe and moderate forms.
Current Issues of Teaching Clinical Oncology Under Conditions of Continuous Medical Education
Authors: Ter-Ovanesov M. D. , Kukosh M. Yu. , Gaboyan A. S. , Levitsky A. V. , Makeshova A. B.
Published: December 2019

The main aim of activity Chair Oncology and Hematology RUDN University is improving of the level of postgraduate education for clinical oncologists, according to international standards using modern information technologies. Now we fulfill 14 educational programs, including elements of distant access for clinical oncologists, general practitioners and other specialists. In process of learning courses more than 850 listeners from 26 Russian Federation towns and other countries mastered a new professional oncological competences and skills. Our Chair organized and led 32 master classes, 11 conferences. We took part in 102 scientific events, published 88 scientific articles and thesises. In June 2019 the first listeners passed a new examination system -primary specialists accreditation.
Intensification of Radiation Therapy with Control of the Amount of Radiation Using MRI in Patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Anal Canal
Authors: Glebovskaya V. V. , Tkachev S. I. , Nazarenko A. V. , Mamedli Z. Z. , Gordeev S. S. , Fedyanin M. Yu. , Bulychkin P. V. , Romanov D. S. , Trofimova O. P. , Borisova T. N.
Published: December 2019

Introduction. The increase in the number of cured patients with squamous cell anal carcinoma and the quality of life is directly related to the improvement of radiotherapy departments technical equipment in oncological clinics.

Purpose. One of the main tasks of improving technics and technology is reducting duration of chemoradiation therapy, and also number and duration of interruptions, plus more accurate determination of the tumor volume by using modern diagnostic methods, such as MRI, and creating the possibility of maximum impact on the tumor and identified affected lymph nodes while limiting dose to organs at risk.

Materials and methods. During the period from 2000 to 2015 year, 301 patients with squamous cell anal carcinoma, stage T1–4N 0–3M0–1, were treated by radiation therapy with 2D-RT, 3D-CRT, or IMRT in a total dose of 50–60 Gy, in combination with chemotherapy and local hyperthermia.

Results. The use of IMRT with MRI in comparison with 3D-CRT resulted in an increase of frequency of complete tumor response (at the time of first diagnostic control) up to 67.5 % (p = 0.071); reduction of frequency of interruptions in the treatment course up to 48 % (p = 0.005); significantly increased the 3-year overall survival rate to 92.9 % (p = 0.050), distant metastases — free survival — 91.0 % (p = 0.049), with a trend of improvement in locoregional control — 89.9 % (p = 0.179).

Conclusions. The use of radiation therapy in its modern version, modern methods of visualization of tumor lesions and critical structures has reduced the interruptions in the course of treatment, achieved high immediate and long-term oncological results.
Vertigo in neurological practice: rare causes and difficult decisions
Authors: Bedenko A. S.
Published: December 2019

The dizziness is a multidiscipline problem in management of neurologists, ototrhinolaryngologists, general practicioners. The first clinical goal seems to be the differentiation between central and peripherial vestibular syndrome. After that doctor should search the nosological form. It may become the challenge if the disease is rare. In such cases it is impossible to limit the therapy with vestibular rehabilitation with usement of the vertigolitic drugs. Accordingly to nososlogical form surgical methods, anticonvulsants, glucocorticoids or cytostatics may be needful.
Biological rhythm disturbances in depression
Authors: Poluektov M. G. , Khadzhaeva P. M.
Published: December 2019

Depression belongs to the diseases with pronounced medical and social consequences, which include disability, reduced social functioning and suicides. There is the evidence that the depressive manifestations are closely related to disorders of circadian periodism and the function of the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus, the leading driver of biological rhythms. Authors reviewed the possibility to apply the concept of biological rhythms to the development and clinical features of depressive disorder. The potential effects of chronobiotic drugs like melatonin agonists is discussed.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases as dramatic consequence of obesity
Authors: Akhmedov V. A.
Published: December 2019

Against the backdrop of the high prevalence of obesity in the population, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a serious problem for modern health care. NAFLD is an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), regardless of the presence of traditional factors. CVD and NAFLD have common risk factors, including insulin resistance (peripheral and hepatic), atherogenic dyslipidemia, and abdominal obesity. This article presents modern views on the mechanisms of CVD formation in patients with NAFLD, as well as modern methods for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis as the main risk factor for the development of cardiovascular catastrophes.
Comparative evaluation of efficacy of Pinaverium monotherapy and combination therapy of Pinaverium with itopride hydrochloride in patients with cross irritable bowel syndrome with constipation and postpradial distress syndrome
Authors: Krapivnaya O. V. , Alekseenko S. A.
Published: December 2019

Forty-seven patients with overlap between irritable bowel syndrome with constipation and (IBS-C) and postpradial distress syndrome (PDS) complying with Rome III criteria were treated with pinaverium in combination with itopride and 58 patients with IBS-C-PDS overlap were treated with pinaverium for 4 weeks. Clinical symptoms and quality of life by SF-36 were estimated at baseline and after 4 weeks of treatment. Pinaverium and Itopride combination therapy significantly improved both IBS-C and PDS-like symptoms, and SF-36 scores when compared to Pinaverium monotherapy over a 4-week period.
Changing QT interval in orthostasis — new diagnostic marker of syndrome of extended QT interval
Authors: Komolyatova V. N. , Makarov L. M. , Kiseleva I. I. , Besportochny D. A. , Dmitrieva A. V. , Balykova L. A. , Parshina T. S.
Published: December 2019

Long QT interval syndrome (LQTS) is a disease that causes life-threatening arrhythmias and sudden death syndrome. Recently, it has been shown that about half of patients with LQTS have normal QTc interval values on an ECG. The purpose of this study was to assess changes in the QT interval in patients with LQTS in orthostasis to identify additional criteria for the disease. Surveyed 64 patients from 4 to 47 years old (13.3 ± 10.0) with LQTIS. The control group consisted of 87 healthy people of 4–20 years (11.0 ± 3.5). An ECG was performed in a lying and standing position. HR, QT and QTc interrvals in both positions and the difference between these indicators were evaluated. In both groups, we noted an increase in heart rate and QTc and a shortening of the QT interval in orthostasis. Distinctions between all parameters were revealed reliably, except for the increase in the QTc interval (∆QTc) in the main and control groups. ROC analysis revealed that the optimal point for identifying patients with LQTS is QTc interval in orthostasis –500 ms with Se 73 % and Sp 93 %. Conclusions. In the early period of orthostasis, an increase in the heart rate, a shortening of the QT interval and a prolongation of the QTc interval occur; lengthening the QTc interval in the early period of orthostasis over 500 ms is highly sensitive and highly specific in identifying patients with the syndrome of prolonged QT-interval.
Morphological criteria for diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Botasheva V. S. , Elkanova A. B. , Komponeets M. V. , Kostenkov N. Yu.
Published: December 2019

The work performed on the operating material. A morphological study of the parathyroid glands removed in 128 patients with hyperparathyroidism was performed. For the histological study pieces of the parathyroid gland were taken. The pieces were fixed in 10 % buffered formalin for 10 days, then washed in running water, passed through a processor and embedded in paraffin. From paraffin blocks, sections of 5–6 µm were prepared. Sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, pikrofuksin according to Van Gieson, toluidine blue, according to Mallory, used CHIC-reaction. The results of the study showed that primary hypothyroidism is more common in women (82 %) aged 41–50 years (42.2 %). The size of the parathyroid glands ranged from 0.3 to 8.2 cm. Adenomas were found in 51.6 % of patients, hyperplasia in 43.0 %, cancer in 5.4 % of them. In primary hyperplasia, there is an increase in all parathyroid glands, upper pair or lower pair. Upper pairs are increased more. Histological examination indicates lobular structure of the gland, lobular hyperplasia, diffuse proliferation of the main, acidophilic and transitional forms of parathyrocytes, monomorphic structure, reduction or absence of stromal fat, the presence of a large number of vessels. Hyperplasia of the main cells was detected in 67 % of patients, hyperplasia of acidophilic cells in 28 %, hyperplasia of light cells in 3 %, mixed hyperplasia in 2 % of them.
Effectiveness of omalizumab in patients with chronic spontaneous and inducible urticaria
Authors: Skander D. M. , Allenova A. S. , Samsonyan M. L. , Kolkhir P. V.
Published: December 2019

Background. Omalizumab, a recombinant humanized anti-IgE antibody, is an effective treatment option for patients with antihistamine-resistant chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). 14–36 % of CSU patients have concomitant chronic inducible urticaria (CIndU). However, it is unclear whether CSU patients with comorbid CIndU can benefit from this treatment.

Aim of the study. To assess the efficacy and safety of omalizumab in two patients with CSU and several of types of concomitant CIndU.

Materials and methods. CSU and CIndU were diagnosed as recommended by the international urticaria guideline. Both female patients were treated with omalizumab 300 mg by subcutaneous injection every 4 weeks. Response to treatment was assessed by a carefully determined history, the urticaria activity score, urticaria control test, and results of provocation testing.

Results. Symptoms of both CSU and CIndU decreased dramatically during the first week of treatment. No adverse events were documented.

Conclusions. Omalizumab may be an effective treatment option for patients with combination of antihistamine-resistant CSU and concomitant CIndU. Our findings should be confirmed in larger prospective studies.
Practical aspects and algorithms for using Cellular Matrix intradermal implant and platelet-rich plasma autologous thrombin activation technology in practice of cosmetologist
Authors: Pedanov A. M. , Alenichev A. Yu. , Fyodorov S. M. , Sharypova I. V.
Published: December 2019

The article describes the practical aspects of the use of modern injectable preparations rich in platelets with additional activation by autologous thrombin and in combination with hyaluronic acid (Cellular Matrix). Practical recommendations are given on the optimal injection technique, tactics for constructing courses of procedures in a mono version and in combination with hardware cosmetology procedures. The key points of interaction with patients who have indications for aesthetic correction are analyzed.
Evaluation of clinical efficacy of antiviral treatment of patients with lichen planus of oral mucosa
Authors: Perlamutrov Yu. N. , Starshinina V. A. , Olkhovskaya K. B.
Published: December 2019

In the treatment of patients with lichen planus of the oral mucosa and identified papillomovirus infection, the appointment of an immunomodulatory drug with antiviral activity is of particular importance.

Aim. To evaluate the clinical efficacy of antiviral and immunomodulatory drug inosine pranobex in the treatment of lichen planus of oral mucosa.

Materials and methods. 49 patients with erosive-ulcerative form (37 women (75.5 %) and 12 men (24.4 %) aged 43 to 68 years, mean age 57.43 ± 2.53 years were under observation. The disease duration ranged from 6 months to 9 (5.58 ± 1.26) years.

Results. Inosine pranobex, used in group Ib, showed high efficiency in the treatment of patients: the number of patients with high viral load decreased to zero, and the percentage of patients with clinically significant HPV decreased by half. Eradication of papillomavirus was recorded as a result of antiviral therapy in 11 (73.33 %) patients, while in group Ia such results were not achieved.

Summary. According to the results of this study, it was found that for patients with lichen planus of oral mucosa with detected PVI, the appointment of an antiviral drug is necessary. This treatment is characterized by high efficiency and allows to increase the rate of epithelialization of pathological elements by almost 25 %, to achieve clinical remission and to stop the pain symptom faster, thereby improving the quality of life of patients.