bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fiziksel Engellilik Vücut Bileşimini Saptamada Engel mi?
Authors: SUKAN KARAÇAĞIL Betül , KÖKSAL Eda
Published: May 2023

Dünyada bir milyardan fazla insanın engeli olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. Bu sayı dünya nüfusunun %15’ine karşılık gelmekte olup kronik hastalıklar ve nüfusun yaşlanması nedeniyle engelli kişilerin sayısı giderek artmaktadır. Engelli olarak doğan veya sonradan engelli olan bireyler genellikle beslenmeyle ilgili önemli sorunlarla karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Diğer taraftan, engelin türüne göre vücut bileşiminin saptanması çeşitli zorluklar barındırmaktadır. Bu nedenle engelli bireylerde beslenme durumunun saptanması için vücut bileşiminin belirlenmesinde güvenilir ölçütlere ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu derleme, bazı engellilik durumlarında (ampütasyon, serebral palsi, Down sendromu ve Turner sendromu) vücut bileşiminin belirlenmesinde kullanılan antropometrik ölçümleri mevcut referanslar ile tartışarak alana katkı sağlamayı, diyetisyen ve klinisyenlere bir kaynak sunmayı amaçlamaktadır.
Yoğun Bakım Hemşirelerinde Nütrisyonel Farkındalık
Authors: KURT Duygu , PASLI GÜRDOĞAN Eylem
Published: May 2023

Amaç: Bu araştırmada yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin nütrisyonel farkındalıklarının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı nitelikteki araştırma, Türkiye’nin batı bölgesinde bir ilde bulunan hastanelerin erişkin yoğun bakımlarında çalışan yoğun bakım hemşireleri ile gerçekleştirildi (n=143). Araştırmanın verileri, yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin sosyo-demografik ve mesleki özelliklerini belirlemeye yönelik sorulardan oluşan anket formu, Hemşirelerde Nütrisyonel Değerlendirmenin Önemi, Nütrisyonel Bakıma İlişkin Bilgi Düzeyi ve Algılanan Nütrisyonel Bakım Kalitesini Değerlendirme Ölçeği kullanılarak toplandı.
Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılan hemşirelerin yaş ortalaması 29,68±6,50 yıl, %76,9’u kadın ve %68,5’i lisans mezunu, %67,1’i 1-5 yıldır yoğun bakım hemşiresi olarak görev yapmakta, %23,8’i dahili yoğun bakımda çalışmaktadır. Hemşirelerin %58,7’si hizmetiçi eğitimlerde nütrisyon konusuna yer verildiğini %51,7’si çalıştığı kurumda nütrisyon destek ekibinin bulunduğunu, %42,7’si çalıştıkları yoğun bakımda hastaların nütrisyonel değerlendirmesinin hekim tarafından yapıldığını, %61,5’i Nütrisyonel Risk Tarama Formu 2002 nütrisyonel değerlendirme formunu kullandıklarını, %37,1’i yoğun bakımda nütrisyon destek uygulamasına en çok engel olan durumun iş yükü fazlalığı olduğunu bildirmiştir. Hemşirelerin Nütrisyonel Değerlendirmenin Önemine ilişkin puan ortalaması 24,06±3,08; Nütrisyonel Bakıma İlişkin Bilgi Düzeyi puan ortalaması 29,72±3,62 ve Algılanan Nütrisyonel Bakım Kalitesine ilişkin toplam puan ortalaması 30,60±4,25 olarak bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin nütrisyonel değerlendirmeye yönelik olumlu tutumları bulunmakla birlikte nütrisyonel bakıma ilişkin bilgi düzeyleri ve algıladıkları nütrisyonel bakım kaliteleri yeterli değildir. Nütrisyon destek ekibi, nütrisyon hemşiresi ve nütrisyonel değerlendirme ölçüm aracı kullanımı yoğun bakım hemşirelerinin algıladıkları nütrisyonel değerlendirme bakım kalitesini olumlu etkilemektedir.
Personality Type and Perceptions of Discrimination in Nursing Students: A Correlational Study
Authors: ÜNSAL JAFAROV Gülşah , AYDOĞDU Ana Luiza Ferreira , ERİŞLİK Kubilay
Published: May 2023

Aim: This study aimed to determine the personality types and discrimination perception levels of undergraduate nursing students at two private universities in Istanbul, Turkey, and assess whether personality affects perceptions of discrimination.
Method: A descriptive, correlational study was conducted. Data were obtained from 172 nursing students who volunteered to participate in the study. ‘The Nurses’ Perceptions of Discrimination Scale’ was used to determine the degree to which the students perceived various behaviors as discriminatory, and the students’ personality types were assessed using the ‘Bortner Rating Scale–Short Form’. The data were collected online on the Internet. The relationship between students’ perceptions of discrimination and their Bortner type A/B personality traits was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test.
Results: Most of the students were 21-25 years of age (58.1%), female (63.4%), in the first or second year of the nursing program (67.5%), and not working (80.2%). Our results showed that most of the students had type A personality (66.9%) and high perceptions of discrimination (mean=110.83 on a scale of 30 to 150). There was no significant relationship between personality type and discrimination perception levels (p<0.05).
Conclusion: This study suggests that nursing students are generally sensitive to discriminatory behaviors in the workplace and during patient care, but Bortner personality type is not a significant factor associated with perceptions of discrimination in nursing students. Studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to further contribute to the literature.
Agripreneurship and Poverty Reduction
Authors: Akumbom Paul , Egwu Mary Juliet Bime , SHILLIE Peter NGEK
Published: May 2023

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to investigate how entrepreneurship in the agriculture sector could help alleviate poverty in the Tubah region of Cameroon. Specifically, the study seeks to explore the potential of agripreneurship in creating job opportunities, increasing income levels, and improving the living standards of people in the region.
Methods: Mixed-method design was employed for the study. Data was gathered with the help of a structured questionnaire from 384 households in Tubah-Cameroon and analyzed using the partial least square.
Results: Results revealed that attitudes towards agripreneurship, innovative behavior, and the need for achievement had a positive effect on poverty reduction in Tubah Sub-Division.  Inheritance of family ventures and start-up motives were found to exert negative effect on poverty reduction.
Implications: The study is expected to contribute to the understanding of how entrepreneurship in the agriculture sector can be leveraged to promote economic opportunities and promote sustainable development in rural areas.
L’Algérie coloniale d’hier, miroir de la France d’aujourd’hui ?
Authors: Stora Benjamin , Sarthou-Lajus Nathalie
Published: May 2023

Dans Les clés retrouvées Benjamin Stora se livre à un exercice qu’il appelle « l’ego-histoire » pour comprendre la complexité d’un parcours d’intégration. C’est l’occasion de faire un retour sur son enfance à Constantine de 1950 à 1962, et de restituer la mémoire de tout un monde disparu ou en train de disparaître, celui des juifs d’Algérie, pour éclairer la situation de la France d’aujourd’hui.
Une laïcité ouverte aux religions ? Le modèle américain
Authors: Barb Amandine
Published: May 2023

Depuis leur origine, les États-Unis sont un pays laïc. Comment peuvent-ils concilier cette laïcité de l’État avec une étonnante vitalité religieuse ? Pour cela, il faut se rappeler l’histoire, mais aussi prendre conscience des évolutions récentes dans le sens d’une plus grande sécularisation. Il n’en reste pas moins que la symbolique religieuse reste forte.
Regard d’un psychanalyste sur les attentats du 13 novembre 2015
Authors: Winter Jean-Pierre , Sarthou-Lajus Nathalie
Published: May 2023

Le psychanalyste revient sur l’analyse de la palette infinie de sentiments après les attentats du 13 novembre dernier, de la stupeur à l’inhibition même de tout sentiment, et s’interroge sur le sens de la radicalisation d’un point de vue analytique. Qu’est-ce que c’est que le fanatisme ? Pourquoi cela touche-t-il essentiellement des jeunes ?
Enquête sur « les musulmans ordinaires » d’Europe
Authors: Göle Nilüfer , Sarthou-Lajus Nathalie
Published: May 2023

La sociologue a enquêté durant quatre années sur les pratiques des « musulmans ordinaires » en Europe, ceux dont on parle peu dans les médias et qui conjuguent leur singularité musulmane et leur intégration dans un pays d’accueil où ils sont minoritaires. Son enquête, réalisée dans 21 villes européennes, se lit comme un roman qui donne enfin des visages à ces musulmans en quête de citoyenneté.
Construire de nouveaux réacteurs nucléaires ?
Authors: de Ravignan Antoine
Published: May 2023

Le gouvernement français a décidé d’une politique nucléaire maximaliste pour atteindre les objectifs climatiques. Ce choix n’a pas fait l’objet d’un débat démocratique sérieux, alors même que différentes options technologiques sont possibles pour décarboner l’économie. Et quel que soit le scénario retenu, il est indispensable d’accélérer le déploiement de l’éolien et du solaire.
Les nouveaux penseurs chiites
Authors: Khosrokhavar Farhad , Mottaghi Mohsen
Published: May 2023

En dépit des contraintes politiques, la réflexion théologique reste active parmi les intellectuels iraniens. Une tendance marquante souligne l’importance de la raison, en rejetant une lecture fondamentaliste du Coran. Ces nouveaux « mutazilites » veulent séparer la vie politique de la vie religieuse. Pour eux, la loi islamique doit prendre en compte l’évolution de la société.
Comment les mèmes deviennent viraux
Authors: Jost François
Published: May 2023

Images créées de toutes pièces ou transformées de manière parodique, les mèmes sont largement diffusés sur le Web. Qu’ils soient réussis ou non, leur fabricant a l’ambition de leur viralité. Comment se propagent-ils ? Quelle est leur signification sociale et artistique ?
L’église orthodoxe russe face à la Deuxième Guerre mondiale
Authors: Model Serge
Published: May 2023

Alors qu’elle avait été persécutée par le régime soviétique depuis 1917, l’Église orthodoxe russe lui apporta spontanément son appui lors la Deuxième Guerre mondiale. En paroles et en actions, les ecclésiastiques d’URSS soutinrent l’effort de guerre russe. Ceux qui se retrouvèrent dans les territoires conquis par les Allemands durent composer avec les autorités d’occupation, tandis que l’Église à l’étranger appuyait la croisade antibolchévique d’Hitler. En 1943, Staline finira par légaliser un patriarcat de Moscou aux ordres. Après-guerre, l’Église s’engagea au contraire dans la propagande pacifiste prosoviétique, montrant par là son instrumentalisation par le régime, qui n’a pas cessé jusqu’à nos jours.
Guerre et ressentiment dans la Russie contemporaine
Authors: Chappedelaine Bernard
Published: May 2023

L’attitude victimaire envers l’extérieur et l’instrumentalisation du ressentiment, causées par l’humiliation attribuée à un Occident fondamentalement russophobe, sont devenues des éléments essentiels du récit du Kremlin, exacerbés par l’invasion de l’Ukraine. Les nombreuses références faites par V. Poutine à l’histoire de l’Allemagne, durant la première moitié du xx e  siècle, conduisent à se demander à quelles conditions la Russie pourrait renoncer à ce récit, utilisé pour justifier sa politique révisionniste.
L’enseignant-chercheur : un manager public durable ?
Authors: Dreyfuss Laurence , Rascol-Boutard Sylvie
Published: May 2023

Cet article a pour projet de contribuer à la problématique de la durabilité dans un contexte constamment en évolution, où métiers et missions sont en transformation. Transverse à l’ensemble des organisations et à la plupart des métiers, cette question est traitée ici dans un cas exemplaire, celui de l’enseignant-chercheur manager de l’université publique. Ce dernier est en effet en lien direct avec les usagers, les collègues administratifs, enseignants et/ou chercheurs pour l’élaboration et la mise en œuvre de réformes incessantes ; il exerce un métier protéiforme, traversé par des légitimités multiples, et dont les missions sont, y compris, heurtées par des injonctions issues d’autres organisations. L’approche est réflexive, qualitative et longitudinale, elle concerne deux études de cas analysés en profondeur sur une période de trois ans. Les résultats puis la discussion montrent la (co) construction concrète des activités mais aussi le sens qu’elles portent et contribuent à générer. Leur analyse, à l’aune de la diversité des légitimités portées dans le temps, suggère des pistes d’action pour le gestionnaire des ressources humaines. Les implications d’une telle recherche sont théoriques : comprendre la longévité, la durabilité, dans un contexte changeant. Elles sont également pratiques : cette analyse permet de proposer des actions au manager public, notamment en termes de GRH.
Un manuscrit lyonnais du Chevalier des dames
Authors: Krumenacker Jean-Benoît
Published: May 2023

Dans un dossier comptable, les archives municipales de Lyon possèdent un recueil de pièces relatives à une famille proche du consulat lyonnais et datées des années 1460 et 1470. Parmi elles se trouvent les fragments d’un manuscrit, jusque-là inconnu, du Chevalier des dames , roman en faveur des femmes d’un poète anonyme, le « Dolent fortuné », du milieu du xv e  siècle. Ces morceaux, représentant au total 15 % du texte, proviennent de différentes parties de l’ouvrage, ce qui permet de reconstituer en partie le manuscrit initial. Le texte en lui-même rattache ce manuscrit à une famille de manuscrits jusque-là écartée par les éditeurs du texte malgré certaines caractéristiques intéressantes comme le lien avec les imprimés. L’étude de ce lien permet également de montrer que ce texte allégorique a eu une importante postérité, entre autres grâce à sa transformation pour un plus large public avec l’imprimerie.
La tradition manuscrite de la Romane historie breve epitome de Pier Candido Decembrio et la traduction en langue vulgaire de Polismagna
Authors: Zocco Ramazzo Marco
Published: May 2023

L’œuvre Romane historie breve epitome de l’humaniste milanais Pier Candido Decembrio, bien qu’elle ne figure pas parmi les chefs-d’œuvre de ce grand auteur, a été transmise par douze manuscrits. En plus d’améliorer le Romane historie compendium de son père Uberto, il l’enrichit d’un passage extrait des Fragmenta ex libris De viris illustribus de Nepos, à ce jour non considéré par les critiques. Le manuscrit de Ferrare , Biblioteca Ariostea, II 66, n’est que partiellement autographié et conserve une note de l’auteur concernant sa traduction d’Appien. Dans la même ville italienne, l’œuvre a été traduite en langue vulgaire par Carlo da San Giorgio, appelé « Polismagna », dont un autographe permet de définir son travail à la cour de Borso d’Este en tant que traducteur et non pas miniaturiste.
Inflammaging, Immunosenescence, and Anti-Inflammatory Medications Used in Psychiatry: A Brief Overview
Authors: Kverno Karan
Published: May 2023

The immune system is central to brain health and longevity, yet with age, infection, injury, or chronic stress, the immune system can trigger persistent central nervous system inflammation that impairs brain functioning. This brief review investigates psychopharmacological treatments that have anti-inflammatory effects in the context of immune system dysregulation in the aging brain. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 61
(5), 7–10.]
Use of Objective Rating Scales for Generalized Anxiety by Psychiatry Specialists in Pediatric Populations: A Research Review
Authors: Finocchio Brittany , Hilliard Wanda
Published: May 2023

Anxiety disorders are among the most common mental health conditions affecting pediatric populations. The
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
, 5th edition, recommends objective measurement of pediatric anxiety for evaluation of symptomatology and treatment response. The objective of the current review was to summarize recommendations and resources for measuring pediatric anxiety, and to quantify and characterize use of outcome measures for generalized anxiety in pediatric psychiatry. These findings represent an essential step toward understanding how and to what extent anxiety rating scales are used in pediatric psychiatry and where quality improvement initiatives may be needed. Education, training, and further research are warranted to optimize use of measurement-based care for generalized anxiety in pediatric psychiatry settings and to determine which scales are optimal for use in this context. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 61
(5), 11–16.]
Psychosocial Factors, Technology Use, and Disordered Eating in College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Bronfman Kyra , Chao Ariana M.
Published: May 2023

The current cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the effects of psychosocial factors and technology use on disordered eating in college students (aged 18 to 23 years) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. An online survey was distributed between February and April 2021. Participants completed questionnaires on eating disorder behaviors and cognitions, depressive symptoms, anxiety, impacts of the pandemic across personal and social domains, social media use, and screen time. Of all participants (
N
= 202), 40.1% of students reported moderate or greater depressive symptoms and 34.7% endorsed moderate or greater anxiety symptoms. Higher depressive symptoms were associated with increased odds of bulimia nervosa (BN) (
p
= 0.03) and binge eating disorder (
p
= 0.02). People with higher COVID-19 infection scores were at increased odds of reporting BN (
p
= 0.01). Mood disturbances and COVID-19 infection history were associated with increased eating disorder psychopathology in college students during the pandemic. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 61
(10), 29–38.]
Anthropological Perspective of the Implications Between the Environment and Sustainability
Authors: Vargas-Hernandez José G. , Zamudio-Abdala Jorge H. , Vargas-González Omar C.
Published: May 2023

This study aims to analyze some of the theoretical, conceptual, and methodological implications between anthropology and the environment and sustainability. Departing from the assumption that anthropological and ethnographic analysis and interpretive research on organizational anthropology has an emergent and symbolic role rooted in social processes and with no a priori assumptions, with explanations and categories defined by the organizational actors, which had an impact on sustainability and the environment through the green marketing practices. The method employed is based on an analytical and descriptive issues from the theoretical and empirical literature review leading to reflective analysis. It is concluded that the ethnographic and anthropological methodology is pertinent to be used in the analysis of its interactions between anthropology, the environment and sustainability as a new specialty in organizational studies. Also, the study proposes the implementation of green marketing habits and practices on sustainability drawing from the organizational anthropology.
The Application of Serviqual Tool to Improve Client Satisfaction in a Health Facility
Authors: Gcabashe Skhumbuzo , Matsiliza Noluthando Shirley
Published: May 2023

The use of SERVQUAL as a tool to measure service quality in healthcare facilities is a giant step towards effectiveness and efficiency in health management and in public affairs. The purpose of this chapter is to assess the extent to which service standards in a health facility like Rietvlei Hospital are applied to improve service provision and the quality of lives of the customers. Although government adopted health policies in South Africa, there are still gaps in quality of services rendered by public healthcare institutions. The implementation of healthcare policies can demonstrate that they are fragmented. The key dimensions of service quality were investigated at Rietvlei and SERVQUAL was used as a tool to measure the effectiveness of service quality using a mixed methodology. Data was drawn from a probabilistic sample using mainly questionnaires and interviews.
The Waste of Today's Architecture Will Become the Materials for the Architecture of the Future
Authors: Cavada Anya Montserrat Pulido
Published: May 2023

Today, 55% of the world's population lives in large cities or dense urban areas, large concrete jungles whose constructions are responsible for between five and ten percent of the world's carbon dioxide. It is estimated that by 2050 this proportion will grow to 68%. Is the society of this decade prepared to deal with this congestion? And society 30 years from now? Inequality, waste generation, consumption and resource depletion in front of the headline that has been sold in recent years: 'Smart cities, zero emissions and technologies that surpass science fiction'. 'The residues of today's architecture will be the materials of the architecture of the future' This headline makes us reflect on whether we are really thinking, not only about the reuse of materials and the design of mobile structures, but also about the great cost of returning to the environment that have a large part of the materials used in the architecture of the XXI century.
Approval of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Models to Solve Problems in Nonlinear Active Suspension Systems
Authors: Boulaaras Zineb , Aouiche Abdelaziz , Chafaa Kheireddine
Published: May 2023

In this chapter, the authors used a comparative study between passive and active suspension of quarter car models with deference intelligent controllers. This study aims to obtain an active suspension that adapts to all types of roads, especially rough and slippery ones, and absorbs shocks resulting from road vibrations, which gives more comfort to passengers and the driver. The results have proven that FOPID gave better results than PID in all types of road testing. The concerns related to the proposed chapter are that the car makers have a fear of the Fractional-Order controller FOPID to the difficulty of achieving it in the industrial field because of the difficulty of its mathematical equations and its high cost.
Augmented Reality Enabling Better Education
Authors: Ambika N.
Published: May 2023

Training is a significant part of every medical services framework. Patients should be trained in their arranged methodology. The medical services experts should be prepared for their separate callings. The patient schooling and the preparation of medical care experts are face-to-face, which requires assets and is bound to specific environments. The previous methodology parts the perception plan into four levels. The issue portrayal and deliberation depend on the planned concentrate on approach, which carries us to the main level of the settled model. Diverse works are within the accompanying watchword blends connecting with the study. The framework has various pictures. The patient lies in a warped place, and a revision of their position is done. The gantry moves to its underlying location. The gantry gadget moves back to its unique position. The table dives so the patient can get up and leave the room. VIPER was furnished with sound. The term of the entire data movement was 2:45 min.
The Use of Virtual Reality in Education for Sustainable Development
Authors: Sancar Raziye , Atal Deniz , Ateş Hüseyin
Published: May 2023

Environmental sustainability is one of the major global topics of the 21st century. In order to effectively include the concept of sustainability in the topic of environmental education, educators are responsible for incorporating the concept into the existing curriculum. However, it may not always be possible to conduct field studies based on environmental education due to economic, transport, and time constraints, while certain situations and conditions may be particularly difficult to replicate. One recent solution to this problem is the application of Virtual Reality technology, which has been shown in various recent studies. VR is a computer-generated three-dimensional environment that allows the user to perceive content more realistically. In the process of teaching sustainability issues such as climate change, waste management, food consumption, air and water pollution, and deforestation, the present study has revealed that cooperation between different fields of expertise, including science education and computer and instructional technologies, plays an important role.
A Framework for the Successful Implementation of Design- Build Projects: Involvement of the Stakeholders
Authors: Perera B. A. K. S. , Shandraseharan A. , Hettiarachchi H. G.
Published: May 2023

Design-Build projects have become popular since they allow project performance optimisation through stakeholder collaboration. However, these projects are difficult to implement due to the unfamiliarity of the stakeholders with DB projects and their lack of experience in implementing such projects. Hence, this study aimed to develop a framework containing the factors that influence stakeholder involvement in Design-Build projects thus that projects would become successful. The study used a mixed approach consisting of expert interviews and a questionnaire survey and the collected empirical data was analysed using manual content analysis and weighted mean rating. The stakeholder involvement in the various tasks associated with project planning and implementation was ranked according to their significance. The enablers of and barriers to successful stakeholder performance were identified and a framework outlining the strategies that would overcome the barriers was developed.
“15 Minutes” Colombo Metropolitan Region 2050: Reporting the Regional Planning Studio, Department of Town and Country Planning
Authors: Kasthuri Arachchi K. A. N. N. , Noordeen N. M.
Published: May 2023

No abstract available
The Water Footprint of Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) Cultivation under Small-scale Polybag Farming Conditions in Sri Lanka
Authors: De Silva S. T. D. , Atapattu N. S. B. M. , Kumara K. L. W.
Published: May 2023

Purpose: Water footprint (WFP) is a widely used environmental indicator to compare and identify the strategies for better water use efficiency. The Objectives of the present study were to calculate and analyze the WFP of Oyster mushroom cultivation under small-scale farming conditions in Sri Lanka.
Research Method: Water footprint was estimated as the sum of water used for preparing the mushroom growing substrate and the on-farm water requirement for the production of a ton of mushrooms. Production parameters and on-farm water usage of three small-scale Oyster mushroom farms were recorded.
Findings: WFPs of growing substrates were low (591 - 642 m3/ton) and varied within a narrow range. The main on-farm water-consuming activities were the preparation of growing media, water for sterilization of media, spraying of water during the growing cycle, floor cleaning, and laborer’s water consumption. WFP of mushroom cultivation under the conditions specified in this study was 1181 m3/ton. Being the largest component, mushroom growing media accounted for 95% of the WFP. On-farm water requirement was found to be as low as 4.4 L/kg. WFP of mushrooms was lower than those reported for eggs, broiler meat, pork, beef, lentil, and soy meat. Nevertheless, the WFP of mushrooms, when expressed per unit of calorie or protein was higher than that of egg and soy meat.
Originality/ Value: As the first reported WFP calculation for mushrooms in Sri Lanka, this study identified mushrooms as a water-efficient food item. Improvement in yield and shortening of the growing cycle were identified as the means of reducing the WFP of mushroom cultivation in Sri Lanka.
Response of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Grain Yield to Biofertilizer Rates and Inter Row Spacings at Kaffa Zone, South Western Ethiopia
Authors: Alemu Worku , Wato Tamirat
Published: May 2023

Purpose: Soil nutrient depletion and crop management practices are the significant factors affecting faba beans production over the world. Biofertilizers can improve soil fertility and health. Moreover, it adds essential nutrients and improves water retention in the soil. Thus, its use is unquestionable to maintain soil fertility and enhance crop production. Hence, biofertilizer rates and inter-spacings were used to enhance faba bean production.
Research Method: The Field trials were performed to determine the response of faba bean (Vicia faba L.) grain yield to bio-fertilizer rates and row spacings in the main growing season in 2019 at Kaffa zone, Southwestern Ethiopia. Factorial combinations of four rates of bio-fertilizer (0, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75kg/ha) and three inter-row spacings (30, 40, and 50cm) were carried out in RCBD with three replications. The LSD test was done at α = 0.05 level of probability.
Findings: The results of ANOVA presented that the main effect, as well as the interaction effects of biofertilizers and row spacing, have a significant effect on the yield of faba bean. The pods/plants number, hundred seed weight, and HI are mainly affected by biofertilizer rates and row spacings. The combination of 0.75kg/ha of biofertilizer rates and 50cm of space between rows recorded the maximum pods per plant in number, the weight of hundred seeds, grain yield, and harvest index. The highest grain yield (2540±276kg/ ha) was attained with the application of 0.75kg/ha of bio-fertilizer and 50cm of distance between rows, whereas, the lowest (1083.3±117.7kg/ha) was observed from the null treatments and the smaller spacing between rows (30cm).
Generally, the significantly maximum yield was obtained because of the maximum rate of bio-fertilizer with the widest inter-row spacing in this experiment. Therefore, inoculation of bio-fertilizer at a dosage of 0.75kg/ha with a row distance of 50cm was found to be optimum for the maximum yield of faba bean in Southwestern Ethiopia and other similar agroecologies. It is further recommended that this result is from only one season at one site and hence this study may be repeated in space and time to reach a concrete recommendation.
Research Limitation: Additional authentication and trials across similar agroecology would be essential to make conclusive recommendations since the field trials were directed for sole cropping season and a site.
Originality/ Value: This is an organic fertilizer that could be used by farmers and investors in the future, to increase the production of faba bean.
Potential of Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) Leaf Extracts as a Source of Functional Ingredients with Antibacterial, Antifungal and Antioxidant Activities
Authors: Adibuduge Y. , Senevirathne M.
Published: May 2023

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to evaluate inhibition activities of acetone, chloroform, ethanol and hot water extracts of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) leaves against Salmonella enterica, Listeria monocytogenes, Shigella dysenteriae, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aspergillus niger and, to assess the in vitro antioxidant activities and to discover the active compound profile of chloroform extract of nutmeg leaf.
Research Method: Agar well diffusion and agar disc diffusion methods were used to evaluate the antibacterial activity and the antifungal activity of the extracts respectively. Antioxidant activities of the acetone extract were evaluated through DPPH, FRAP, ABTS+ radical scavenging and Ferrous Iron Chelating assays. The total phenolic content (TPC) of the acetone extract was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu assay.
Findings: All the extracts showed inhibitory activity for the tested bacteria at different intensities and it was found that the selection of the extraction solvent is important to get the maximum inhibition against different bacterium. Acetone and chloroform extract (20%) showed the highest inhibition against A. niger (49.42% and 51.52% respectively). Acetone extract showed strong antioxidant activities, 715.78 ±51.09 in FRAP (mg of Trolox /g of leaves), 65.56±0.93 in DPPH (mg of Ascorbic acid /g of leaves), 31.67± 0.49 in ABTS+ (mg of Trolox equivalent/g of leaves), 10.87±1.85 in Ferrous Ion chelating (mg of EDTA/g of leaves) and, higher percentages of total phenolic content of 895.12 ±44.24 TPC (mg GAE /g of leaves). Myristic acid was detected as the major compound (57.36%) in GC-MS analysis and that may be the major compound responsible that offers a great potential to use as antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant agent of nutmeg leaf.
Originality/ Value: Results revealed that the nutmeg leaf possesses marked biological activities and showed a great potential to use for the management of human pathogenic bacteria, plant pathogenic fungi, and oxidative stress-associated chronic diseases.
Attraction of Pest Insects, Neutral Insects and Natural Enemies to Coloured Sticky Traps in Vegetable Eco-Systems
Authors: Piyasena M. A. R. , Weligamage S. S. , Warnasooriya P. G. A. S. , Hemachandra K. S.
Published: May 2023

Purpose: Sticky traps are effective for monitoring and managing insect pests. In addition to pest insects, beneficial insects are also caught in sticky traps. Hence, it is necessary to use traps to catch pest insects selectively. The attraction of different insect groups to coloured sticky traps was studied as an attempt to suppress the insect populations selectively in the field.
Research Method: Sticky traps: yellow, blue, luminous green, white, and transparent (control) were set in the field for 24 hours, and the insects caught in traps were collected and identified by their ecological role: pests, beneficial and neutral insects as well as the taxonomic group in relation to the trap colour.
Findings: Significant variation was found among the total numbers of insects attracted to different colour traps (χ2 =107 df=4 P<0.05). The highest number of insects was found in the luminous green trap (29.1%) followed by yellow (22.0%), white (18.8%), blue (17.9%), and transparent (12.2%). All colour traps attracted pest, beneficial and neutral insects. Data was inconsistent to specify trap colour to catch more pests and less beneficials. More dipterans (40.7%) were attracted to traps, and many of them were neutral. Blue-traps caught less number of neutral (29.1%) and beneficial insects (29.4%) compared with other coloured traps.
Originality/ Value: The behavioral response of different insect groups to colour was demonstrated. As sticky traps catch both beneficial and pest insects, sticky traps should be used under careful monitoring.
Potential of Live Rock Culture in Coastal Environments of Sri Lanka Based on Shape, Substrate, and Monsoon Pattern
Authors: Thilakarathne E. P. D. N. , Liyanage N. P. P. , Jayamanne S.C.
Published: May 2023

Purpose: Live rocks are very important and highly demanded in the global aquarium industry and can be cultured easily without sophisticated techniques or knowledge. Marine Live rock culture may become a conceivable alternative industry among the resource utilizing coastal communities in Sri Lanka. However, it has not been scientifically studied yet.
Research Method: Nine types of cement rocks were made by changing three types of shapes and three types of substrates and those were placed in different study locations on the Southern and Eastern coast of Sri Lanka covering all four types of monsoon patterns prevail in the country.
Findings: Live species attachments, their attachment rates, and consumer preferences differed with the shape, substrate, monsoon pattern, study location, and growth period in the sea and most of those differences were statistically significant. Consumer preference was mainly dependent on the nature of biota attachments on top of the different rock types. Therefore, their preferences were also changing with the types of rock, monsoon pattern, and location.
Originality/ Value: Findings can be effectively utilized for establishing live rock culture as an alternative industry, especially in ecosystems where resources are depleted or degraded.
Effects of Optimal Tooth Microgeometry Modifications on Static and Dynamic Transmission Errors of Hybrid Spur Gear Drivetrains
Authors: Gauntt Sean , McIntyre Sean , Campbell Robert
Published: May 2023

A hybrid gear concept that combines a metallic outer rim of gear teeth with a composite web to reduce drivetrain weight was evaluated for impact of tooth microgeometry modifications on transmission error. Control of transmission error through tooth microgeometry modification is important
for control of noise and vibrations generated by a drivetrain. The added flexibility of hybrid gears over steel gears brings to question the performance of hybrid over conventional gears relative to their dynamic transmission error and resulting noise levels. Previously developed drivetrain
models featuring hybrid spur gears were used to determine optimal tooth microgeometry modifications that minimized peak-to-peak transmission error. Static and dynamic transmission errors were then calculated using the optimal microgeometries and compared to results for a similarly optimized
all-steel drivetrain. From the results, it appears that the use of hybrid gears will not negatively affect vibration performance for low- and medium-speed applications, as hybrid gear models predicted similar transmission errors to their all-steel counterparts. At higher speeds, drivetrains
featuring hybrid gears were predicted to have significantly different transmission errors, but whether this difference was an improvement or detriment is design and speed-dependent. Therefore, careful design is necessary for high-speed hybrid gears.
Blood platelet heterogeneity at a glance: new insights into the relationship between platelet distribution width and neuropsychiatric disorders
Authors: Izzi Benedetta , Fuster José J.
Published: May 2023

Not available
Tumor necrosis factor superfamily in multiple sclerosis: from pathology to therapeutic implications
Authors: Azzolini Federica , Bruno Antonio , Dolcetti Ettore , Centonze Diego , Buttari Fabio
Published: May 2023

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a key player in multiple sclerosis pathology. TNF signaling is dually regulated by antagonist groups of actors: TNFR1, mediating proinflammatory effects and synaptopathy, CD40L-CD40 dyad, crucial for blood-brain barrier breakdown and facilitation of recruitment of inflammatory cells in the central nervous system, and TNFR2, promoting neuroprotective and reparative functions. A promising therapeutic approach in multiple sclerosis is represented by selective TNFR1 antagonists and TNFR2 agonists, possibly in combination. TNFR2 agonists could exert both central effects such as remyelination, reduction of glutamatergic excitotoxicity, and peripheral immunomodulation by enhancing T cells (Treg) activity. On the other side, the potential therapeutic role of platelet and CD40L-CD40 dyad inhibition could be beneficial to preserve blood-brain barrier integrity and thereby dampen neuroinflammation.
Chironomidae as indicators of water pollution in Pesquería River (México)
Authors: Prat Narcís , Castro-López Daniel
Published: May 2023

Despite their potential as indicators of water quality and their key role in river ecosystems, Chironomidae is still poorly studied in Neotropical rivers. This lack of knowledge is especially relevant for rivers subjected to intense human activities, such as many rivers in Mexico. The aim of this investigation is to contribute to the knowledge of the midges of the Pesquería River (Mexico) along its main courses and relate the composition and abundance to river health. Thirty samples were collected during two different periods (August 2015 and February 2016) using a D-frame and kick sampling. Thirty-five taxa were found in total, with four taxa found in more than 50% of the sites and 19 only found once. Midges accounted for more than 50% of the total macroinvertebrate abundance. Chironomus gr. plumosus, Rheotanytarsus spp. and Cricotopus gr. bicinctus were the most abundant species. Collector-gatherers dominated in August (71% of individuals), whereas collector-filterers dominated in February (43,2%). The major factor explaining the midge distribution and abundance is pollution, while the structure of riparian area does not explain much of the midge richness. This is most likely related to the organic pollution coming from untreated or poorly treated sewage in the city of Monterrey and its surroundings. Three main sectors are distinguished along the river: i) the upper part section with higher biodiversity and presence of intolerant taxa; ii) the middle sewage polluted area with the presence of large red midges very tolerant to pollution (Chironomus, Dicrotendipes); iii) the lower section in the agricultural zone where the community is dominated by red, small midges (Rheotanytarsus). Overall, our study shows that Chironomidae can be useful as better indicators of water quality when genera or species levels are used instead of family or subfamily, as is usually found in most papers on river pollution.
Perception changes over time on the usefulness of language learning strategies
Authors: Lancho Perea Luis A.
Published: May 2023

This longitudinal study describes and analyses the shifts in students’ perceptions on the usefulness of language learning strategies (LLS) when learning Spanish as a foreign language, and explains the roles that these learning strategies play at various moments in time during students’ language learning journey at the undergraduate level. The richness of this investigation lies in the examination of the changing roles and the perceived usefulness of these strategies over a period of 3 years by using a mixed-method approach. Its main contribution is twofold. On the one hand, it offers practical insights within the linguistic field of language acquisition that can be applied to the learning of foreign languages by students with no previous knowledge of them. On the other hand, its longitudinal design not only goes beyond the traditional quantitative approach that offers a limited snapshot view, but also captures changes in strategy use over time while providing details on why strategies were or were not used in the new language at different proficiency levels. The study found some strategies that were initially perceived as useful and helpful at the beginning of the journey were later perceived as neutral, useless or obstructive by the same group of students who had become more proficient in the foreign language. And, conversely, other strategies that were initially perceived as neutral, unhelpful or frustrating, were later perceived as necessary to improve language proficiency, useful and stimulating by the same cohort of students. In this respect, it was found that the perceived role played by these strategies alternated between essential roles to catalytic roles, imperceptible roles, retarding roles and preventing roles, and vice versa.Contribution: The main contribution of this study is that it shows that students’ perceptions on the usefulness of certain LLS over time are influenced by their level of proficiency. This in turn influences, and is influenced by, language attitudes and language learning policy, which fall under the scope of this journal.
Table of Contents Vol 64, No 1 (2022)
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: May 2023

No abstract available.
Table of Contents Vol 78, No 1 (2022)
Authors: Office Editorial
Published: May 2023

No abstract available.
Moral theory, agrarianism and sustainable free market economics in the work of Adam Smith
Authors: Rathbone Mark
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this article is to argue that Adam Smith’s assessment of agrarian economics is based on the transdisciplinary engagement between moral theory and economics in An inquiry into nature and causes of the wealth of nations (first published in 1776). This assessment draws on recent scholarship that underscores that Smith’s earlier work The Theory of Moral Sentiments (first published in 1759) is not in conflict with Smith’s economic theory; it rather presents the moral point of departure of his economics. This transdisciplinary interaction derails the divergent perspectives of contemporary scholars that either view Smith as an agrarian economist or an antagonist of industrialisation. The reason for this view of Smith’s economics is due to the failure to emphasise the engagement between agrarian economic and Smith’s moral theory that championed liberty. Secondarily, this engagement between economics and moral theory highlights Smith’s contribution to sustainable economics that can play an influential role in contemporary society.Transdisciplinarity Contribution: The article highlights the transdisciplinary interaction between Adam Smith’s free market economic theory and his moral theory as a function of liberty with special reference to agrarianism.
Posterior Quadrantic Dysplasia
Authors: Balagopal Krishnan , Nadarajah Jeyaseelan , Thottiyil Jasica Joy
Published: May 2023

Hemimegalencephaly (HME) is one of the rare malformations of cortical development that can present in children and in adults with refractory seizures. One of the localized forms of HME is posterior quadrantic dysplasia (PQD). This entity commonly involves hypertrophy of the parieto-temporo-occipital lobes with periventricular signal changes on imaging. Presentation is with focal seizures in children and in adults. We present here a 24-year-old man presenting with recurrent left focal seizures who was found to have PQD on imaging. He was started on anticonvulsants with improvement in his symptoms. This report aims to highlight the characteristic imaging findings and clinical features of PQD.
Olfactory and Taste Dysfunction and Its Correlation with Viral Load on Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction among COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Khan Izhar , Gupta Vikas , Gaur Abhishek , Shukla Sanjay Kumar , Goel Shewtank
Published: May 2023

Background and Aim:

Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) diagnosis is confirmed by detection of viral nucleic acid by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), in the upper respiratory samples through nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal swabs or sputum. The present study compared the means of viral load on RT-PCR among COVID-19 patients with and without olfactory and taste dysfunction (OTD) admitted to dedicate COVID-19 hospital (DCH).

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional comparative study was conducted after IEC approval in DCH Shahdol for a period of 4 months, and RT-PCR positive patients were divided into two groups, Group A (with OTD) and Group B (with no OTD) using chemosensitive psychophysical test. The sample size was calculated as 160 (Group A = 80 and Group B = 80) by using sample size formula: (σ2
1+ σ2
2/K) (z1− α/2 + z1− β)2/Δ2. During data analysis, an association was significant for P < 0.05.

Results:

Among total subjects (n = 160), 129 subjects reported the history of fever or malaise followed by cough among 55 subjects. It was observed that from Group A and Group B, 38.7% and 36.2% of subjects stayed in hospital for <5 days, respectively. The differences in the mean Ct values, of all the three genes, between Group A and Group B were found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

The loss of smell and taste are important symptoms in COVID-19 patients. It need to be carefully assessed even in asymptomatic patients to reduce the further transmission of the virus in the community. This may help in further reducing the transmission of the virus in the community.
Dual Invasive Fungal Infection by Aspergillus and Mucor in COVID-19 Patient
Authors: Rai Deependra Kumar , Kumar Subhash
Published: May 2023

Patients with COVID-19, especially those with severe disease, in intensive care units, are particularly vulnerable to bacterial and fungal infections. The most common fungal infections reported include aspergillosis, candidiasis, and mucormycois. Mucormycosis, a potentially life-threatening fungal infection, has contributed to India's COVID-19-related deaths, especially during the second wave of pandemic. Several cases of COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) have been reported from many countries in Europe, Asia, Australia, and South America. Recently, several cases of rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis in patients with COVID-19 (ROCM) have been reported from India. However, case of COVID-19-associated pulmonary mucormycosis (CAPM) is rarely described in the literature. It has been hypothesized to affect patients recovering from COVID-19 who are immunocompromised due to COVID-19 disease or due to the usage of steroids and/or concomitant diabetes. The authors hereby report a combination of CAPM and CAPA in the same patient and perform a systemic review of the published cases highlighting the differences between these two-life-threatening pulmonary fungal infections.