bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O que revelam os mapas conceituais dos meus alunos? Avaliando o conhecimento declarativo sobre a evolução do universo
Authors: Correia Paulo Rogério Miranda , Nardi Adriano
Published: October 2019

Resumo: O uso de mapas conceituais (MCs) na avaliação apresenta dois aspectos importantes: o planejamento da tarefa a ser oferecida aos alunos e a forma de avaliação dos mapas. Quando bem planejados, o feedback do professor é oferecido rapidamente, contribuindo para o comprometimento dos alunos na revisão dos conteúdos a partir de problemas revelados pelos MCs. Nesse artigo, MCs foram avaliados comparativamente para identificar padrões de similaridade que caracterizem os níveis de conhecimento declarativo apresentados pelos alunos sobre a Astronomia e o desenvolvimento da ciência moderna. A avaliação envolveu um questionário e tarefa de mapeamento conceitual. As respostas revelaram cinco grupos com diferentes níveis de conhecimento conceitual e a análise dos MCs indicou que a proporção entre conceitos associados à astronomia clássica e à astronomia moderna, e a presença de conceitos finais múltiplos são indicadores do nível de conhecimento declarativo. Conhecer os obstáculos de aprendizagem ajuda o professor a adaptar as atividades da sua disciplina.
Cegueira botânica: é possível superá-la a partir da Educação?
Authors: Neves Amanda , Bündchen Márcia , Lisboa Cassiano Pamplona
Published: October 2019

Resumo: A cegueira botânica é definida como a incapacidade de perceber as plantas no ambiente. No intuito de verificar se a cegueira botânica pode ser superada a partir da educação analisaram-se publicações realizadas nos últimos vinte anos (1997-2017) que relacionam os termos cegueira botânica e ensino de botânica. Foram identificadas tendências de abordagens em torno do assunto, salientando-se problemáticas do ensino e estratégias para o seu aprimoramento e para a superação da cegueira botânica. Após o levantamento e a seleção das publicações, 48 artigos e resumos foram analisados e categorizados de acordo com sua abordagem em Metodologia, Concepção, Currículo e Integração. A despeito das diferentes abordagens verificadas em cada categoria, os resultados indicam que a inclusão das plantas de forma mais contextualizada e atrativa no cotidiano escolar dos estudantes representa um caminho à superação da cegueira botânica, e, por consequência, ao reconhecimento e valorização da biodiversidade vegetal.
História e Filosofia da Ciência no ensino de Biologia Celular
Authors: Teófilo Francisco Breno Silva , Gallão Maria Izabel
Published: October 2019

Resumo: A utilização de abordagens históricas e filosóficas tornou-se cada vez mais valorizada na busca de melhorar o ensino e a aprendizagem das Ciências. No entanto, é preciso atentar para o seu uso, já que entendimentos distorcidos da natureza da ciência podem ser expressos aos estudantes como verdades. O objetivo deste artigo é investigar como elementos relacionados com a História e a Filosofia da Ciência são inseridos em capítulos que introduzem o estudo da célula em 20 livros didáticos de Biologia para o ensino médio usados no período de 1965 a 2015. Foram estabelecidas categorias de avaliação: conteúdo teórico, ilustrações, exercícios, atividades e projetos, e, de recursos adicionais. Mediante análise de conteúdo foi detectada a presença de inserções que podem apresentar uma perspectiva superficial, linear, acumulativa, infalível, individualista e anacrônica da ciência. Na análise dos resultados foram evidenciadas tendências, carências e, principalmente, traçadas possibilidades quanto ao uso desses elementos no Ensino de Biologia Celular.
A proposta da Redescrição Representacional como referencial para a conceitualização de modelos na educação científica
Authors: Machado Juliana , Braga Marco
Published: October 2019

Resumo: Apresentamos e discutimos a proposta da Redescrição Representacional, teoria cognitiva desenvolvida pela psicóloga Annette Karmiloff-Smith que oferece um quadro explicativo sobre como a mente humana explora e organiza o conhecimento de tal modo a possibilitar um autoenriquecimento. Nessa proposta, o desenvolvimento de teorias-em-ação por parte do sujeito cognitivo é compreendido em termos de um processo reiterativo de reelaboração de suas representações internas, o qual nem sempre envolve a tomada de novas informações do ambiente externo. Neste artigo, após traçar um breve panorama dos estudos sobre a modelização do ponto de vista cognitivo, discutimos algumas possíveis contribuições da proposta da Redescrição Representacional para a compreensão do processo de conceitualização de modelos na Educação Científica, particularmente em relação ao papel atribuído por Karmiloff-Smith aos conhecimentos implícitos, à sobregeneralização e à flexibilidade cognitiva.
Ensino de Nanociência e Nanotecnologia: perspectivas manifestadas por professores da educação básica e superior
Authors: Tomkelski Mauri Luís , Scremin Greice , Fagan Solange Binotto
Published: October 2019

Resumo: Este artigo evidencia e discute as perspectivas de inserção de tópicos de Nanociência e Nanotecnologia (N&N) no ensino, na visão de professores. Para tanto, apoia-se nos resultados de pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, com base na análise de conteúdo, realizada com professores de matemática e de ciências da natureza dos ensinos médio e superior. Além disso, foram analisados documentos legais das áreas de N&N, nos quais esses tópicos são referenciados. Os resultados apontam três perspectivas de inserção dos tópicos de N&N nas práticas profissionais: abordagem de base para desenvolver um conteúdo, integrada a um conteúdo curricular, e suplementar às atividades de sala de aula. Nesta última perspectiva, o professor busca suplementar abordagens de sala de aula com atividades extraclasse em que é possível aprofundar os conhecimentos, com ênfase em ciência e tecnologia. Existe, portanto, amparo legal para a inserção destes tópicos de N&N, bem como necessidades sociais, econômicas e ambientais emergentes que carecem de formação profissional compatível e, consequentemente, de mais investimentos na área de educação.
A significação do problema didático a partir de Potenciais Problemas Significadores: análise de uma aula investigativa
Authors: Solino Ana Paula , Sasseron Lucia Helena
Published: October 2019

Resumo: Analisa-se a significação de um problema didático em atividade baseada no Ensino por Investigação. Para isso, buscou-se responder a seguinte questão: de que forma professora e alunos atribuem sentidos e significados a um problema didático trabalhado em aula investigativa? Metodologicamente realizou-se uma pesquisa qualitativa, com dados da videogravação de aula investigativa com alunos do 3º ano do ensino fundamental de uma escola pública, posteriormente transcrita e organizada por episódios e cenas. O instrumento de análise foram os elementos significadores da noção de problema em Vigotski. Como resultado destaca-se que a resolução do problema didático pelos alunos teve campo amplo de significações para dar sentido ao problema, enfrentando tensões entre o pensamento cotidiano e o científico, essenciais para a emergência de Potenciais Problemas Significadores. Argumenta-se a favor de que os elementos significadores podem servir como ferramenta pedagógica e analítica para orientar e avaliar o processo de significação em aulas investigativas, a partir do surgimento de novos problemas.
EFFECT OF 16 WEEKS OF RESISTANCE TRAINING ON STRENGTH ENDURANCE IN MEN AND WOMEN
Authors: Cyrino Letícia Trindade , Cyrino Edilson Serpeloni , Silva Evelyn Caroline de Araujo e , Avelar Ademar , Trindade Michele Caroline de Costa , Silva Danilo Rodrigues Pereira da
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT Introduction Although resistance training (RT) can provide numerous benefits for both men and women, morphological, neuromuscular, metabolic, physiological, and behavioral differences between sexes may influence the magnitude of training responses. Objective To analyze the impact of 16 weeks of progressive RT on strength endurance in untrained men and women. Methods Twenty-eight men and 31 women (18-30 years) underwent a supervised RT program that was divided into two 8-week stages, 3 times per week on nonconsecutive days. The RT program was composed of exercises for different body segments (trunk, upper and lower limbs) that were performed with three sets of 8-12 repetitions maximum (RM), in 10 and 12 exercises, in the first and second stage, respectively. Strength endurance was assessed in 3 exercises (bench press, squat, and arm curl) and in a combination of these exercises through a protocol composed of 4 sets performed to failure with 80% of 1-RM on the baseline, after 8 and 16 weeks of RT. Results Group vs. time interactions (p <0.05) were found for bench press (men = +28.3% vs. women = +32.1%), squat (men = +13.5% vs. women = +32.7%), and arm curl (men = +20.2% vs. women = +24.4%) exercises, as well as in the set of all 3 exercises (men = +18.4% vs. women = +31.2%). Conclusion Our results suggest that 16 weeks of RT can improve strength endurance in both men and women, although higher gains are achieved by women. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic study-Investigating treatment results.
DO TRAINING REGIMEN AND COMPETITIVE LEVEL AFFECT BODY IMAGE DISSATISFACTION (LEANNESS AND MUSCLE TONE) IN FEMALE ATHLETES?
Authors: Fortes Leonardo de Sousa , Almeida Sebastião Sousa , Ferreira Maria Elisa Caputo
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT Introduction Studies that seek analyze the relationship between sport variables and body image are importants, because indicate if the competitive sport environment influence on body feelings of athlete. Objective To analyze the relationship between sports variables (training regimen and competitive level) and dissatisfaction in regard to leanness and muscle tone in female athletes. Methods One hundred and eighty female athletes aged over 12 years from various sport disciplines participated in the study. We used the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) to assess dissatisfaction in regard to leanness. The dissatisfaction subscale of Drive for Muscularity Scale (DMS) was used to evaluate dissatisfaction with muscle tone. Training regimen (frequency x daily hours of training) and competitive level were acquired through a questionnaire developed by the actual investigators. Results The findings indicated a statistically significant relationship between the training regimen (F(1, 179)=4.01; p=0.047) and competitive level (F(2, 178)=3.59; p=0.031) and the BSQ scores. Moreover, the results indicated a statistically significant relationship between the training regimen (F(1, 179)=4.01; p=0.047) and the competitive level (F(2, 178)=3.59; p=0.031), with DMS dissatisfaction subscale scores. Conclusion Sports variables (training regimen and competitive level) were related to dissatisfaction in regard to leanness and muscle tone, although they demonstrated different magnitudes. Level of evidence III; study case-control.
SEDENTARY BEHAVIOR AND CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN CHILDREN: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Canabrava Karina Lúcia Ribeiro , Amorim Paulo Roberto dos Santos , Miranda Valter Paulo Neves , Priore Silvia Eloiza , Franceschini Sylvia do Carmo Castro
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT In recognition of the increasing time spent in sedentary activities in modern life, an emerging area of study linking sedentary time to health has highlighted its role in the development of chronic diseases. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review was to investigate the indicators and characteristics of sedentary behavior associated with cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents. The databases SciVerse Scopus, MEDLINE®/PubMed and LILACS were selected as a source of reference, using the associated terms “sedentary lifestyle” or “sedentary behavior” or “sedentary” AND “cardiovascular diseases” AND “child or adolescent” to identify studies published from January 2006 to March 2019. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated and a score was assigned. Fifty articles were included in this review at the end. Extensive sedentary time, especially greater screen and TV exposure time, were associated with cardiovascular risk factors. In addition, the accumulation of prolonged sedentary bouts with few breaks in sedentary time tended to compromise the cardiometabolic profile. These findings highlight the importance of differentiating and considering these various indicators and characteristics of sedentary behavior. Further studies are needed to elucidate the multiple and overlapping facets of sedentary behavior and their relationship with health, and to encourage the development of evidence-based recommendations for this population. Level of Evidence I; Systematic Review of Level I Studies.
EFFECTS OF A PSYCHOLOGICAL SKILL TRAINING PROGRAM ON ANXIETY LEVELS IN TOP KARATE ATHLETES
Authors: Vesković Ana , Koropanovski Nenad , Dopsaj Milivoj , Jovanović Srećko
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT Introduction To achieve an improvement in self-regulation, and consequently competitive performance, it is necessary to evaluate psychological skills training programs. It was hypothesized that the introduction of autogenic training and guided imagery could bring about positive changes in anxiety and self-confidence, as compared to regular training and competitive activities. Objective To investigate the effects of a psychological skills training program on the optimization of anxiety and self-confidence. Methods Twenty-four athletes from the Serbian national karate team were divided into experimental (EXP) and control (CON) groups. During eight weeks, both groups underwent an identical karate training and competing program. The program was adapted for top karate athletes according to their daily routines and the specific demands of the activity. In addition, the EXP group underwent the psychological skills training program, based on autogenic training and guided imagery. The Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 was used to measure the multidimensional construct of the state of anxiety, and the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-3 to assess individual ability to imagine movements. Results Repeated measures ANOVA results indicated a difference in anxiety levels between the EXP and CON groups after the intervention. Further analysis indicated a decrease in cognitive anxiety and an increase in self-confidence among participants from the EXP group. Conclusion The applied psychological skills program had a positive effect on anxiety optimization and self-confidence levels in top karate athletes. As emotional self-regulation is also crucial for athletes of other sports, the implementation of this intervention can be recommended, provided that it is adapted to the specific characteristics of each sport. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies – Investigating treatments results.
INFLUENCE OF CREATINE KINASE ON C-REACTIVE PROTEIN IN MUSCLE ADAPTATION
Authors: Santiago Luís Ângelo Macêdo , Lima Neto Lídio Gonçalves , Pereira Guilherme Borges , Leite Richard Diego , Mostarda Cristiano Teixeira , Navarro Francisco
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT Introduction Aging is a natural process and marked by changes and adaptations of both a biological and physiological nature. As regards adaptations, there are numerous works that address these responses following various types of training programs. Resistance training (RT) can be assessed by biochemical parameters such as creatine kinase (CK), which is a major marker of stress in the skeletal muscles. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a biochemical marker used to assess damage to the cardiac muscles. Objective To evaluate the influence of CK on CRP in elderly female subjects undergoing RT. Methods An experimental study was carried out with 10 elderly women (61 ± 1.8 years). Peripheral venous blood was collected for the CK and CRP analysis both before and 24 hours after 8 weeks of RT. Anthropometric measurements involved BMI (Body Mass Index), WHR (waist-to-hip ratio) and body composition. The RT involved combined series - Bi-Set. For statistical analysis, the Shapiro-Wilk normality test was conducted first and presented p >0.05, confirming the use of parametric tests. Group variables were presented as mean and standard deviation. To compare the load-dependent samples, the repeated measures one-way ANOVA was performed first, followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. For CK and CRP variables, we conducted the paired Student’s t-test for the timepoints pre- and post-eight weeks of RT along with the one-way ANOVA test, also conducting Tukey’s post-test when necessary. The level of significance was set at p ≤0.05. Results There was a statistically significant decrease in both serum CK and CRP, which indicated a reduction of 73.14% and 75%, respectively. Conclusion Long-term RT promoted influences among biomarkers assessed through skeletal muscle (CK) and cardiac muscle (CRP) damage, determining adaptation and muscle remodeling in any age group. Level of evidence II, Investigation of treatment results.
EFFECTS OF AEROBIC EXERCISE TRAINING ON OXIDATIVE STRESS IN THE SKELETAL MUSCLES OF OBESE RATS
Authors: Ulbricht Ariene Sampaio Souza Farias , Lima Daniela Delwing-de , Werlang-Coelho Carla , Magro Débora Delwing-Dal , Donat Bruna , Vieira Mariana Ramos , Poletto Marina Zordan , Pereira Eduardo Manoel
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT Introduction Obesity is a complex and multifactorial metabolic disorder characterized by the accumulation of body fat; physical exercise increases energy expenditure and promotes a reparative effect through modulation of endogenous antioxidant defenses. Objective To evaluate the effects of the high-fat diet (HFD) on oxidative stress parameters in skeletal muscles of rats using aerobic exercise training protocols (AETP), moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT). Methods The study was quantitative and experimental. Animals received 8 weeks of HFD or normal diet (ND), followed by 9 weeks of HFD or ND and the two AETPs. Results HFD did not alter the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBA-RS), total sulfhydryl and protein carbonyl content in the soleus and plantaris muscles; in contrast, the protocols caused a decrease in TBA-RS levels in the plantaris muscle and increased the sulfhydryl content in the soleus muscle, while MICT increased the sulfhydryl content in the plantaris muscle and reduced protein carbonyl content in both muscles. HFD reduced SOD activity in the plantaris muscle while the MICT protocol enhanced SOD in the soleus muscle and both protocols reversed the decrease in SOD in the plantaris muscle. HFD increased CAT activity in the soleus muscle, the HIIT protocol prevented this alteration and both protocols increased CAT in the plantaris muscle. HFD reduced GSH-Px activity in both muscles, and the MICT protocol prevented this reduction in the soleus muscle, while the HIIT protocol partially prevented this decrease. The MICT protocol did not prevent the reduction of GSH-Px and the HIIT protocol partially prevented this decrease in the plantaris muscle. Conclusions HFD elicited oxidative stress in the skeletal muscle of rats, and both protocols were able to prevent most of the alterations in oxidative stress parameters caused by the HFD. Level of evidence IV; Investigation of treatment outcomes.
AEROBIC CAPACITY OF CHILEAN ADULTS AND ELDERLY: PROPOSAL OF CLASSIFICATION BY REGIONAL PERCENTILES
Authors: Alul Luis Alberto Urzua , Gomez-Campos Rossana , Almonacid-Fierro Alejandro , Morales-Mora Lisbetty , Rojas-Mancilla Edgardo , Palomo Iván , Méndez-Cornejo Jorge , Portella Daniel Leite , Cossio-Bolaños Marco
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT Introduction Aerobic fitness is an important predictor that contributes to the preservation of functional independence during the aging process. Its measurement represents a fundamental tool in the identification of multiple health problems. Objective To compare the aerobic capacity of adults and elderly subjects through international studies and to develop percentiles by age group using the LMS method. Methods A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with 1146 subjects (437 men and 709 women). The age group of the sample ranged from 50 to 84 years. The subjects evaluated came from the physical activity programs offered by the National Sports Institute (IND) and by the city council of Talca (Chile). Body mass, stature, oxygen saturation (SatO2), six-minute walk test, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were assessed. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated for both sexes. The LMS method was used to propose the percent distribution. Results Aerobic capacity decreases with age (28.5% for men and 29.9% for women). There was a negative relationship between age and the six-minute walk test (men r = -0.13 and women r = -0.39). There was a discrepancy between the elderly subjects in the current study and those from international studies. The normative data for the classification of aerobic fitness were expressed in percentiles (p3, p5, p10, p15, p25, p50, p75, p85, p90, p95 and p97). Conclusion The aerobic performance of elderly subjects diminishes as they age; in addition, the current results differ from international studies, which motivated the development of percentiles to classify aerobic fitness in everyday situations, especially in places with few resources and particularly where field tests are considered a priority for large-scale physical evaluation. Level of evidence II; Diagnostic studies – investigation of diagnostic test.
POSTURAL ADJUSTMENTS OF ACTIVE YOUTHS IN PERTURBATION AND DUAL-TASK CONDITIONS
Authors: Beretta Victor Spiandor , Santos Paulo Cezar Rocha , Jaimes Diego Alejandro Rojas , Pestana Mayara Borkowske , Jimenez Alejandra Maria Franco , Scarabottolo Catarina Covolo , Gobbi Lilian Teresa Bucken
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT Introduction Cognitive components are necessary to maintain posture during external perturbations. However, few studies have investigated postural control when external perturbations are associated with a concomitant cognitive task (DT). Objectives To analyze the behavior of reactive adjustments after perturbation with different intensities and displacements in active young adults; and to analyze the influence of DT on predictive and reactive adjustments in different perturbation conditions. Methods Twenty-eight physically active young adults stood on an item of equipment that produced displacements of the base. Four experimental conditions were introduced in a single task (ST) and DT (cognitive-report how many times a pre-established number appeared in the audio): 1 (5 cm and 10 cm/s); 2 (5 cm and 25 cm/s); 3 (12 cm and 10 cm/s) and 4 (12 cm and 25 cm/s). Three attempts were carried out for each condition (total=24). Center of pressure (CoP) parameters were analyzed considering the following windows: predictive (-250 to +50 ms), reactive 1 (+50 to +200 ms) and reactive 2 (+200 to +700 ms), in comparison to the start of the CoP activity. One-way ANOVAs were performed to analyze predictive adjustments, while two-way ANOVAs with factor for task (STxDT) and condition (1x2x3x4), with repeated measurements, were performed for the reactive adjustments. Results One-way ANOVA (predictive) indicated that the subjects had higher CoP parameters in ST vs DT. In reactive adjustments 1 and 2, ANOVA indicated greater CoP parameters in condition 2 and 4 when compared to 1 and 3, and in the ST vs DT. The subjects took longer to recover stable position in conditions 1 and 3 than in conditions 2 and 4. Conclusion Perturbation intensity has a greater influence on postural adjustments to maintain balance than on magnitude. Moreover, the association of cognitive tasks with external perturbation decreases CoP oscillation. Therefore, cognitive resources play an important role in postural control after perturbation. Level of evidence III; Study of nonconsecutive patients, with no “gold” standard applied uniformly.
CARDIOVASCULAR AND STRENGTH ADAPTATIONS IN CONCURRENT TRAINING IN HYPERTENSIVE WOMEN
Authors: Ramos Ayrton Moraes , Senna Gilmar Weber , Scudese Estevão , Dantas Estélio Henrique Martin , Silva-Grigoletto Marzo Edir da , Fuqua Jordan David , Pardono Emerson
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT Introduction Physical exercise has been recommended as a non-pharmacological strategy for preventing and controlling hypertension. Objective To verify chronic cardiovascular and muscle strength adaptations in hypertensive women who underwent 12 weeks of concurrent training (CT) in different orders. Methods Twenty hypertensive women were randomly assigned into 2 groups: resistance exercise-endurance group (REE; 56.00 ± 5.20 years; 78.95 ± 8.28 kg; 155.10 ± 5.30 cm; 33.00 ± 5.30 kg.m-2) and endurance-resistance exercise group (ERE; 57.10 ± 13.38 years; 76.56 ± 18.87 kg; 155.50 ± 8.18 cm; 31.41 ± 5.84 kg.m-2). The endurance exercise was composed of 3 sets of 4 exercises, with 8-RM loads with a 90-second break between sets and exercises. The resistance exercise lasted for 25 minutes and was of progressive intensity. Muscle strength (8-RM), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and double product were assessed pre- and post-exercise. Results The ANOVA showed significant increases in strength for all exercises (p <0.0001) regardless of the order of the concurrent training (bench press, p = 0.680; leg press, p = 0.244; seated row, p = 0.668; and leg extension, p = 0.257). No significant differences in systolic (p = 0.074) and diastolic blood pressures (p = 0.064) were observed for different CT conditions. However, significant reductions in systolic (p = 0.0001) and diastolic blood pressures (p = 0.006) and double product (p = 0.006) only occurred in the REE group. Conclusion Endurance training and resistance exercise promote significant muscle strength gains after 12 weeks of training regardless of CT order in hypertensive women. Beneficial cardiovascular responses (SBP, DBP, and RPP) were also observed when endurance training was initiated. Level of evidence I; Therapeutic Studies - Investigating Treatment Outcomes.
TALENTO MOTOR E MATURAÇÃO BIOLÓGICA EM ESCOLARES DE UM COLÉGIO MILITAR
Authors: Miranda Luciano , Werneck Francisco Zacaron , Coelho Emerson Filipino , Ferreira Renato Melo , Novaes Jefferson da Silva , Figueiredo António José Barata , Vianna Jeferson Macedo
Published: October 2019

RESUMO Introdução A avaliação do desempenho motor em escolares tem sido utilizada na identificação de talentos esportivos. Porém, existem poucos estudos, sobre esta temática, e nenhum no Sistema Colégio Militar do Brasil. Objetivo Avaliar indicadores antropométricos, fisicomotores e maturacionais; investigar a proporção de talentos motores; analisar a relação entre o diagnóstico de talento motor e o estágio maturacional; e comparar o perfil de alunos-atletas e não atletas de um colégio militar. Métodos Foram avaliados 1.490 escolares de ambos os sexos, de 11 a 17 anos. Aplicou-se uma bateria de testes multidimensional para avaliação do tamanho e da composição corporal, flexibilidade, força de preensão manual, força explosiva de membros superiores e inferiores, velocidade, resistência aeróbica e maturação somática. Os dados foram analisados por meio do teste qui-quadrado e análise de covariância. Resultados Os escolares apresentaram maior tamanho corporal, maior desempenho motor e maturação biológica discretamente avançada em relação aos dados disponíveis na literatura. Além disso, foram criados pontos de corte para oito testes relacionados com a prática esportiva, para identificar escolares com resultados muito acima da média, sendo encontrados 11% de talentos motores. Constatou-se ainda que os talentos motores foram mais frequentes nos escolares avançados biologicamente, e que os alunos-atletas apresentaram diferenças significativas em relação aos não atletas, principalmente quanto ao desempenho motor. Conclusão Os escolares do colégio militar são maiores, mais fortes, mais resistentes e mais maduros biologicamente quando comparados aos valores de referência da literatura, e tais características acentuam-se nos alunos-atletas. Além disso, aproximadamente um em cada dez escolares do colégio militar pode ser considerado um talento motor, e este diagnóstico é mais frequente nos escolares com maturação precoce. Nível de evidência II; Estudo diagnóstico.
URINARY INCONTINENCE AND EXERCISE: KINESIOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION OF AN INTERVENTION PROPOSAL
Authors: Caetano Aletha Silva , Suzuki Frank Shiguemitsu , Lopes Maria Helena Baena de Moraes
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT Introduction Research shows that symptoms of urinary incontinence are common among women who engage in physical activity. Objective To conduct a kinesiological analysis of specific exercises for the pelvic floor muscles (PFM), proposing correspondences of these postures through resistance exercises. Methods This research project is of a descriptive nature with level of evidence V. Videos and photos were taken to obtain an image for the collection of data based on the accomplishment of the specific postures. Results The kinesiological study revealed that the muscles involved in the postures of exercises targeting the prevention of urinary incontinence beyond those specific to the pelvic floor were: trunk flexors; spinal erector; adductors and hip extensors. The resistance exercises corresponding to these positions in bodybuilding apparatus were the machine hack squat; sitting adductor exercises; sitting abductor exercises; the smith machine squat and the free squat or machine squat. Conclusion This study showed that it is possible to construct correspondence between exercises for the pelvic floor muscles and resistance exercises with bodybuilding equipment and free weights. A new strategy is suggested for the physical education professional, based on resistance exercises: taking a coadjuvant approach to the treatment and prevention of urinary incontinence during physical and sports exercises. Level of evidence V, Case series.
ANALYSIS OF THE PREVALENCE OF INJURIES AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS IN BRAZILIAN CLIMBERS
Authors: Figueiredo Ana Flávia Câmara , Barbosa Luiz Filipe Cerqueira , Silva Kimberly Moreira Pereira da , Rebouças Gleidson Mendes
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT Introduction Many Brazilians became climbing enthusiasts in the 20th century, and the activity was recently included as an Olympic sport at the Tokyo 2020 Olympic Games. With the increase in the number of climbers seeking to beat personal and/or competitive records, the number of injuries has also increased. Objectives To verify the prevalence of injuries in Brazilian climbers, as well as their association with sociodemographic characteristics and sport performance. Methods A cross-sectional, descriptive and analytic observational study was conducted from March 2018 to May 2018 with the application of a virtual questionnaire for 266 Brazilian climbers. The statistical analysis was performed subsequently. Results The prevalence of injuries in Brazilian climbers was 71.8%. The main characteristics of the injuries that merited special attention were musculotendinous site (50.8%), sport climbing (22.0%), upper limb (50.3%) and mechanism of abrupt movement (20.4%). The most popular treatment was medical in combination with physiotherapy (34.5%), and time off was generally more than 30 days (50.3%). There was a significant association (p <0.05) of the injuries with age, gender, region of the country, BMI, level of education and involvement in other sports, as well as athletic and recreational category, climbing time, basic course certificate, warming up, monthly rock climbing and weekly indoor climbing frequency, and the climbing grade. Conclusion Due to the increase in the popularity of the sport and the high prevalence of climbers with a history of injuries, multiprofessional follow-up is needed to procure risk reduction programs and to enhance climbers’ awareness of the factors associated with these injuries. Level of Evidence III; Study of nonconsecutive patients, without consistently applied ‘’gold’’ reference standard.
HEART AT RISK: ELECTRONIC EDUCATIONAL GAME WITH INFORMATION ON DOPING IN ATHLETES
Authors: Silva Henrique Custódio da , Miranda Êdio Fernandes de , Andrade Mariseth Carvalho de , Brandão Fernando Mateus Viégas , Couteiro Rodrigo Paracampo , Brito Marcus Vinícius Henriques , Furtado Julio Cezar Costa , Chaves Rafael Oliveira
Published: October 2019

ABSTRACT Introduction Games are recognized tools that can be used for teaching, awareness-building and behavioral change. In the world of competitive sports, it is necessary to both educate athletes and make them aware that doping is an unsportsmanlike practice, particularly because this conduct can be life-threatening. A game called “Heart at Risk” was developed in this context for the purpose of teaching athletes which substances are characterized as doping by the World Antidoping Agency, and to raise their awareness of health hazards through entertainment. Objective Present and empirically evaluate the efficacy of the game as a tool for educating athletes on substances characterized as doping. Methods The sample group was formed by 20 players in the under-20 category of Clube do Remo (Rowing Club), aged over 18 years. The athletes underwent a pre-test, played the Heart at Risk game, and took a post-test at the end. Both tests were related to healthy sport practices (positive factors) and to doping substances (negative factors). Results Regarding the knowledge of positive factors, there was an increase of knowledge in relation to low doses of caffeine (∆ = 40%; p-value= 0.0125) and doping assessment (∆ = 55%; p-value = 0.0017). Regarding negative factors, there was an increase of knowledge in relation to diuretics (∆ = 25%; p-value = 0.0455), contaminated thermogenic (∆ = 35%; p-value = 0.0191), growth hormone-GH (∆ = 50%; p-value = 0.0025), contaminated supplements (∆ = 65%; p-value = 0.0007), and testosterone (∆ = 55%; p-value = 0.0017). Conclusion The Heart at Risk game proved to be an effective resource in the process of learning about prohibited substances and positive factors for sports performance. Level of Evidence IV; Case series.
Los Estados en los márgenes: soberanía y gubernamentalidad en el principal valle cocalero peruano
Authors: Castillo Sofia Isabel Vizcarra , Heuser Christoph
Published: October 2019

Resumen La gobernanza de zonas con presencia de economías ilegales es parte de una amplia discusión académica, sin embargo es poco lo que se discute específicamente sobre las características del Estado en estas zonas. Por ello, a partir de un estudio de caso cualitativo, este artículo examina la interacción entre la intervención estatal en el Valle de los ríos Apurímac, Ene y Mantaro (VRAEM) y su objeto de gobierno. Esta zona es la principal cuenca cocalera del Perú y con presencia de remanentes terroristas, por lo que constituye una de las principales preocupaciones de seguridad del gobierno peruano. Gobernar el VRAEM ha sido siempre un desafío y no siempre se ha realizado según los planes del propio gobierno. Basado en conceptos de Foucault, este trabajo muestra que los habitantes del VRAEM son gobernados por al menos dos tipos de poderes desde el Estado: un poder soberano y un poder gubernamental. La convivencia entre estos tipos de poderes permite explorar las multiplicidades de prácticas gubernamentales existentes en la zona, así como las resistencias locales a ambos tipos de poder.
Estética, liberdade e reflexividade: repensando Bourdieu
Authors: Malvezzi Amarildo
Published: October 2019

Resumo A sociologia de Pierre Bourdieu tem sido constantemente acusada de determinista e reprodutivista, principalmente devido ao modo pelo qual o conceito de habitus foi teorizado. Por essa razão, tem sido comum o esforço de seus leitores para resgatar resíduos e margens de liberdade em suas obras. Nesse contexto, a reflexividade aparece como princípio básico para uma leitura não determinista nem reprodutivista do pensamento bourdieusiano. Nessa investida, ao menos três possibilidades teóricas têm sido aventadas: a reflexividade sociológica, o conceito de hysteresis e a existência de habitus clivados. Todavia, o presente artigo parte das limitações e aponta para uma via ainda pouco explorada: a dimensão estética. Duas vias são fundamentais: (i) o ofício do artista; (ii) a experiência estética. A partir de ambas, buscar-se-á pensar a relação entre habitus, estética, liberdade e reflexividade.
Nurses’ expectations about the succession of leaders in the hospital context
Authors: Nogueira Alyne Leite Gomes , Munari Denize Bouttelet , Ribeiro Luana Cássia Miranda , Bezerra Ana Lúcia Queiroz , Chaves Lucieli Dias Pedreschi
Published: October 2019

Objective: to analyze the expectation of nurses about the succession of leaders in the hospital context. Method: a descriptive and exploratory study of a qualitative approach carried out with 36 nurses from a public university hospital selected using the snowball technique. The data collection was done through semi-structured interviews that were recorded and analyzed based on the assumptions of the Content Analysis technique, Thematic modality. Ethical criteria were adequately met. Results: the reports comprised two central categories, “Who Will Take My Place?” and “Potential and Openness to Plan the Succession of Leadership in Nursing,” the latter being divided into two subcategories: “Nursing leadership in the hospital five years from now” and “Strengths for the implementation of a leadership succession plan”. Conclusion: from the results, positive aspects of the diagnosis of the leadership profile in the institution that favor the development of succession planning were verified. In addition, it was possible to perceive the necessity of the development of this planning in the hospital and its importance for the succession of leadership in Nursing. In this context, this study presents itself with an innovative character for exposing a theme that aims to potentiate the future of Nursing.
Effect of infant stimulation on the adaptation to birth: a randomized trial
Authors: Gualdrón Lucy Marcela Vesga , Villalobos María Mercedes Durán de
Published: October 2019

Objective: to measure the effect of an infant stimulation therapy (auditory, tactile, visual and vestibular) on the adaptation to postnatal life of the mother-child dyad. Method: an experimental and blind study composed of 120 dyads of first-time mothers and full-term newborns, who practiced breastfeeding. The follow-up was conducted during the first five weeks of life and the evaluation was carried at two different times. Results: the adaptive capacity was measured in two modes. The physiological adaptive mode (activity and exercise and neonatal nutrition) and the interdependence adaptive mode (appropriate affection and proper development); and statistically significant differences were found in favor of the experimental group. Regression models that show the collaborative relationship between mother and child, and their reciprocity in the process of adaptation were proposed. Conclusion: the early stimulation is a therapy with bidirectional effect, because it has favorable effects on the person who administers it; promotes health and prevents illness in the process of adaptation to birth; especially in contexts of vulnerability. It is recommended its teaching to mothers and its application in the home environment. This study was registered in the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ANZCTR) under protocol number: ACTRN12617000449336.
Fatores preditores do diagnóstico de enfermagem padrão respiratório ineficaz em pacientes de uma unidade de terapia intensiva
Authors: Prado Patricia Rezende do , Bettencourt Ana Rita de Cássia , Lopes Juliana de Lima
Published: October 2019

Objetivo identificar os fatores preditores e a sensibilidade, especificidade, valores preditivos positivo e negativo do diagnóstico de enfermagem Padrão respiratório ineficaz em pacientes de uma unidade de terapia intensiva. Método estudo transversal. Foi realizada a regressão logística para avaliar os efeitos simultâneos dos fatores relacionados. Resultados dos 120 pacientes, 67,5% apresentaram padrão respiratório ineficaz. Na análise univariada, os fatores relacionados foram: grupo de doenças, fadiga, obesidade e a secreção nos brônquios, e as características definidoras foram: alteração na profundidade respiratória, ausculta com ruídos adventícios, dispneia, murmúrios vesiculares diminuídos, taquipneia, tosse e uso da musculatura acessória para respirar. A média de idade dos pacientes com este diagnóstico foi superior ao daqueles sem este diagnóstico. A característica definidora murmúrios vesiculares diminuídos teve alta sensibilidade (92,6%), especificidade (97,4%), valor preditivo negativo (86,4%) e valor preditivo positivo (98,7%). Os fatores relacionados de padrão respiratório ineficaz foram a fadiga, a idade e o grupo de doenças. Conclusão a fadiga, a idade e pacientes com grupo de doenças foram fatores preditores do diagnóstico padrão respiratório ineficaz neste estudo. Os murmúrios vesiculares diminuídos, a ausculta com ruídos adventícios e a tosse podem ser características definidoras a serem acrescentadas na classificação internacional, assim como os fatores relacionados secreção nos brônquios e grupo de doenças.
Autoconfiança no manejo das intercorrências de saúde na escola: contribuições da simulação in situ
Authors: Zonta Jaqueline Brosso , Eduardo Aline Helena Appoloni , Ferreira Maria Verônica Ferrareze , Chaves Gabriela Heleno , Okido Aline Cristiane Cavicchioli
Published: October 2019

Objetivo analisar as contribuições da simulação in situ na autoconfiança de professores da educação infantil e fundamental I com relação ao manejo inicial das intercorrências de saúde na escola. Método estudo quase experimental, do tipo pré e pós-teste. Aplicou-se em 76 professores dois instrumentos pré e pós simulação in situ, os quais foram: escala visual analógica de autoconfiança dos professores para manejo das intercorrências de saúde na escola e questionário para avaliar o conhecimento na temática. A atividade educativa foi composta por quatro cenários de simulação in situ. Os dados foram analisados mediante estatística descritiva e analítica, utilizou-se regressão linear univariada e multivariada. Resultados a comparação dos resultados de autoconfiança pré e pós simulação in situ identificou promoção da autoconfiança (p<0,001) em especial para aqueles professores com menor tempo de experiência profissional (p=0.008), sem vivência prévia semelhante (p=0.003) e que participaram ativamente da simulação (p=0.009). Conclusão os professores sentem-se pouco confiantes para manejar intercorrências de saúde. A simulação in situ elevou a percepção da autoconfiança entre os professores.
Evaluation of nursing students’ learning using realistic scenarios with and without debriefing
Authors: Janicas Rita de Cassia Silva Vieira , Narchi Nádia Zanon
Published: October 2019

Objective: to compare the clinical performance of nursing students in learning scenarios with and without debriefing in a simulation center. Method: a longitudinal, prospective, interventional, crossover randomized study, with a quantitative approach and before-and-after type, with a population composed of 120 nursing students distributed randomly between experimental and control group. The study phases included theoretical and demonstrative practice on child immunization; first Clinical Performance Test, which served as baseline measurement; randomization; scenarios with debriefing for the experimental group and without debriefing for the control group, according to clinical performance/intervention examination; exchange of groups or crossover; third Clinical Performance Test. Results: debriefing was proven to be effective in improving the performance of the students in the clinical exams, because improvement in the performance of the experimental group both in relation to the baseline measurement examination and in comparison with the control group in the post-intervention performance examination and in the third examination, after crossover (p<0.001). Conclusion: the use of scenarios with debriefing constitutes a strategy facilitating the teaching-learning process in the undergraduate nursing course.
Prevalência e evitabilidade de eventos adversos cirúrgicos em hospital de ensino do Brasil
Authors: Batista Josemar , Cruz Elaine Drehmer de Almeida , Alpendre Francine Taporosky , Rocha Denise Jorge Munhoz da , Brandão Marilise Borges , Maziero Eliane Cristina Sanches
Published: October 2019

Objetivo estimar a prevalência e evitabilidade de eventos adversos cirúrgicos em hospital de ensino e classificar os eventos segundo o tipo de incidente e grau do dano. Método estudo transversal e retrospectivo realizado em duas fases. Na fase I, enfermeiros realizaram revisão retrospectiva em amostra aleatória simples de 192 prontuários de pacientes adultos, utilizando o formulário do Canadian Adverse Events Study para rastreamento de casos. A fase II objetivou a confirmação do evento adverso por comitê de especialistas composto por médico e enfermeiros. Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva univariada. Resultados a prevalência de eventos adversos cirúrgicos foi de 21,8%; em 52,4% dos casos, a detecção ocorreu no retorno ambulatorial. Dos 60 casos analisados, 90% (n=54) eram evitáveis e mais de dois terços resultaram em danos leves a moderados. Falhas técnicas cirúrgicas contribuíram em, aproximadamente, 40% dos casos. Houve prevalência da categoria infecção associada à atenção à saúde (50%;n=30). Destacaram-se os eventos adversos relacionados à infecção de sítio cirúrgico (30%;n=18), deiscência de sutura (16,7%;n=10) e hematoma/seroma (15%;n=9). Conclusão a prevalência e evitabilidade dos eventos adversos cirúrgicos são desafios a serem enfrentados pela gestão hospitalar.
Estratos de risco e qualidade do cuidado à pessoa idosa na Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Silva Líliam Barbosa , Silva Patrícia Aparecida Barbosa , Santos Joseph Fabiano Guimarães , Silqueira Salete Maria de Fátima , Borges Eline Lima , Soares Sônia Maria
Published: October 2019

Objetivo identificar padrões de associações entre o grau de conformidade às solicitações de exames laboratoriais por estratos de risco e os parâmetros de resultados da qualidade do cuidado na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Método estudo transversal envolvendo 108 idosos com hipertensão e/ou diabetes atendidos na APS. Utilizaram-se questionário semiestruturado e dados de prontuário eletrônico. Para avaliação da qualidade do cuidado, utilizou-se o questionário Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care (PACIC). Realizaram-se análise descritiva, análise de correspondência múltipla e agrupamento k-means . Resultados observou-se baixa conformidade da prática assistencial, destacando-se como pior parâmetro a avaliação do pé diabético (2,2%). Foram identificados três clusters , sendo que o cluster 1 obteve maior número de indivíduos (37,0%), com melhores indicadores da qualidade do cuidado, evidenciado pelo cumprimento dos exames laboratoriais acima de 50% (75,0%), escore PACIC elevado (47,2%), controle dos níveis pressóricos (70,0%) e metabólico (95,0%), e satisfação com a saúde (92,5%) e com o acesso à saúde (90,0%). Em oposição, o cluster 3 (29,6%) foi constituído por indivíduos com piores indicadores de resultado do cuidado. Conclusão constataram-se baixa conformidade da prática assistencial e assimetrias entre oferta de ações em saúde e necessidades dos usuários, indicando falhas no processo de cuidado na APS.