bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In vitro ?-glucosidase inhibitory assay v1
Authors: Rubi Segura Campos Maira
Published: September 2018

The in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitory assay was performed according to Dineshkumar et al. [8]. The α-glucosidase enzyme (2 U/mL) was premixed with 20 µL of plant aqueous extract at a concentration of 1,000 µg/mL and incubated for 5 min at 37 °C. Then 1 mM p-nitrophenyl gluco-pyranoside (pNPG) (20 µL) in 50 mM of phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) was added to initiate the reaction. The mixture was incubated at 37 °C for 20 min. The reaction was terminated by the addition of 50 µL of 1 mM sodium carbonate. The α-glucosidase activity was determined at 405 nm. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was calculated using the formula (Ac+) – (Ac-) – (As - Ab)/(Ac+) – (Ac-)× 100, where Ac+, Ac-, As, Ab are defined as the absorbance (405 nm) of 100% enzyme activity (only solvent with enzyme), 0% enzyme activity (only solvent without enzyme), test sample (with enzyme), and a blank (a test sample without enzyme), respectively. Reagents to evaluate anti-diabetic activity were of analytical grade and purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. For anti-diabetic activity, acarbose (anti-diabetic drug) was used as control.
Representação do corpo subalterno da mulher negra em contos de Conceição Evaristo
Authors: Diógenes Samea Rafaela Lopes da Silva , Cardoso Sebastião Marques
Published: September 2018

ResumoEste trabalho tem por objetivo analisar a produção literária afro-brasileira da escritora Conceição Evaristo, com o intuito de fazer uma análise voltada para as questões que envolvam a subalternidade do corpo da mulher negra e os espaços marginalizados que levam a violência e ao sexismo velado. Para tanto, selecionamos como corpus desta análise os contos “Duzu-Querença” e “Quantos filhos Natalina teve?”, integrante do livro Olhos d’água (2014). Evaristo representa na sua escrita a mulher negra, através de conflitos identitários dos afrodescendentes em busca de um lugar na sociedade que não a exclua e a discrimine.Palavras-chave: Literatura afro-brasileira, mulher negra, subalternidade.
Juventude e Acesso digital: Reflexões sobre o uso da internet por jovens estudantes do município de Belém.
Authors: Santos Mateus Souza dos , Silva Lucia Isabel da Conceição , Nunes Tatiene Germano Reis
Published: September 2018

A internet configura-se como um dos principais meios de circulação de informação e de comunicação entre a sociedade. Contudo, nem todas as pessoas têm acesso à realidade virtual. O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar o acesso e a inclusão digital de jovens estudantes de escolas públicas do município de Belém do Pará, destacando as relações que eles estabelecem com a internet. A pesquisa foi realizada em 10 escolas públicas deste município, possibilitando a composição de uma amostra aleatória de 658 jovens de ambos os sexos, com idades entre 14 e 24 anos. O instrumento utilizado foi o Questionário Juventude Brasileira II, que é constituído de 77 questões. Os resultados mostraram um paradoxo entre o uso da internet pelos jovens e o contexto escolar, uma vez que 85% dos participantes afirmaram que não têm acesso à internet na escola, mas que a usam para fazer seus trabalhos escolares. Conclui-se que a exclusão digital é um elemento evidente principalmente na escola. Isso reflete um contexto maior de precarização da educação pública, uma vez que não estão disponíveis aos jovens um conjunto de estruturas necessárias à sua plena formação, tal como elementos referentes às tecnologias digitais.
Corporeidades no aplicativo Pou
Authors: Saraiva Karla , Gonzalez Deborah
Published: September 2018

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa desenvolvida com crianças usuárias do aplicativo Pou e tem por objetivo problematizar a experiência de corporeidade promovida pelo uso deste artefato. Tomando o avatar como um corpo-experiência, são analisadas as falas das crianças acerca dos processos de generificação e dos cuidados com o Pou. Como resultado, foi possível constatar que o gênero do avatar, na maioria das vezes, é constituído segundo as regras dominantes. Em relação aos cuidados, percebeu-se que conceitos sobre saúde e beleza presentes na cultura contemporânea se atravessam na percepção das crianças sobre o avatar, ao mesmo tempo em que os cuidados com o avatar se atravessam na relação das crianças com seus próprios corpos.
A Literatura Infantil na Tela: um olhar para o aplicativo Crianceiras
Authors: Corsino Patricia , Vilela Rafaela
Published: September 2018

Este artigo tem como objetivo tecer considerações a respeito da literatura digital infantil, suas características, recursos e funcionalidades, a partir da análise do aplicativo Crianceiras. O texto está organizado em três partes: primeiro apresenta questões referentes à literatura digital infantil, em seguida apresenta e analisa o aplicativo literário a partir dos critérios de qualidade elencados por Correro e Real (2018), por fim, conclui que esses aplicativos, por apresentarem potencial de provocar outras sensibilidades e reflexões, inserem os leitores no espaço lúdico-simbólico da literatura.Palavras-chave: Literatura infantil digital; Aplicativo literário; Qualidade; Manoel de Barros; Crianceiras.
Compartilhando sabedoria! Sentidos atribuídos às tecnologias por crianças
Authors: Bona Viviane De
Published: September 2018

O artigo possui o objetivo de identificar os sentidos atribuídos à tecnologia e como a relação da criança com os artefatos tecnológicos é compreendida pela mesma. Para tanto, foram feitas entrevistas individuais fechadas com 45 crianças de 10 a 12 anos de idade. Durante a entrevista utilizou-se a associação livre, bem como a hierarquização das palavras associadas, entre outro, ao termo indutor: ‘tecnologia e criança’. Nesta hierarquização, deveriam escolher a palavra associada que seria a mais importante justificando essa escolha. Os resultados indicam que nas associações as crianças destacaram os aparelhos presentes no cotidiano infantil e a forma como os utilizam, representando o ‘ethos tecnológico’ incorporado em suas vivências.
Fórum de discussão como estratégia pedagógica na formação de professores/as: problematizando as infâncias contemporâneas e a reinterpretação dos produtos culturais pelas crianças
Authors: Esperança Joice Araújo , Beck Dinah Quesada
Published: September 2018

As formas como a escola e os/as profissionais da educação percebem as crianças pautam o delineamento das propostas pedagógicas voltadas para esses sujeitos. Portanto, o estudo das representações de infância, como construções forjadas ao longo do tempo, é aspecto fundamental para a formação inicial e continuada de professores/as. Partindo desse entendimento, este artigo apresenta reflexões desencadeadas no contexto de um curso de Licenciatura em Pedagogia da modalidade à distância, analisando o espaço dialógico e interativo dos Fóruns de discussão como possibilidade de desnaturalização e resignificação das representações compartilhadas pelos/as acadêmicos/as acerca das crianças e de suas experiências com os artefatos da cultura digital.
Chemical denudation rates of a small torrential catchment in the Northern Calcareous Alps
Authors: Trost Georg , Robl Jörg , Hilberg Sylke , Hauzenberger Christoph , Schmidt Rudolf , Goessler Walter
Published: September 2018

In this study, we present chemical denudation rates derived from measuring the dissolved load of an alpine catchment located in Salzburg, Austria. The catchment has a drainage area of about 7 km2 and is predominantly covered by limestone- rich glacial deposits and carbonate rocks that are characteristic of the Northern Calcareous Alps. To obtain catchment-wide chemical denudation rates, we integrated discharge time series that were measured by a permanent water gauge of the Austrian Service for Torrent and Avalanche Control to compute the total discharge of the investigated catchment over a period of one year. During the same period, samples were taken during several campaigns to consider variations of the dissolved load. Samples were collected at high and low runoff conditions to study the effect of precipitation and at different locations along the tributaries to account for lithological variations of the river beds on the dissolved load. For the investigation period of one year, 2.97 ×106 m3 of discharge was measured at the catchment outlet. The summed cation-concentration varies between about 85 mg/l for dry-conditions and 75 mg/l for rainy-conditions at the gauge and consists predominantly of Ca2+and Mg2+ cations. Based on the total discharge of the river integrated over a period of one year, and the average dissolved load determined from water samples, we obtained a chemical denudation rate of 0.094 mm/a. The results imply that chemical denudation is a significant driver for redistributing mass in carbonate-dominated catchments and might be the dominant erosional process in such settings.
Stable isotope geochemistry and petrography of the Qorveh–Takab travertines in northwest Iran
Authors: Roshanak Reihaneh , Moore Farid , Zarasvandi Alireza , Keshavarzi Behnam , Gratzer Reinhard
Published: September 2018

The Qorveh-Takab travertines, which are connected to thermal springs, are situated in the northwest of the Sanandaj- Sirjan metamorphic zone in Iran. In this study, the travertines were investigated applying petrography, mineralogy and isotope geochemistry. Oxygen and carbon isotope geochemistry, petrography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis were used to determine the source of the CO2 and the lithofacies and to classify the travertines. Isotope studies, morphological and mineralogical observations and distribution of travertines revealed that the travertines of the Qorveh-Takab could be of thermal water origin and, therefore, belong to the thermogene travertine category. These travertines are usually massive with mound-type morphology and are essentially found in regions with recent volcanic or high tectonic activity. The measured δ13C values of the travertines indicate that the δ13C of the CO2 released from the water during travertine deposition, while the source of the CO2 in the water springs seems to have been of crustal magmatic affinity. These travertines are divided into two lithofacies: (1) crystalline crust travertine and (2) pebbly (phytoclastic travertine with pebble- size extraclasts) travertine. δ18O and δ13C values of travertines are -0.6 to -11.9 (‰VPDB) and +6.08 to +9.84 (‰VPDB), respectively. A probable reason for the heavy carbon isotope content observed in these deposits is the presence of algae microorganisms, which was verified by SEM images. Fissure ridges, fluvial crusts with oncoids, and mound morphological features are observed in the study area. Based on the petrographic and SEM criteria, Qorveh-Takab travertines are classified into four groups: (1) compacted, (2) laminated, (3) iron-rich spring deposit and (4) aragonite-bearing travertines. Stable isotope compositions of Turkish travertines are largely similar to the travertines in the study area.
Facies, palaeogeography and stratigraphy of the lower Miocene Traisen Formation and Wildendürnbach Formation (former “Oncophora Beds”) in the Molasse Zone of Lower Austria
Authors: Palzer-Khomenko Markus , Wagreich Michael , Kallanxhi Mădălina-Elena , Soliman Ali , Knierzinger Wolfgang , Meszar Maria , Gier Susanne
Published: September 2018

A detailed study of OMV wells throughout the Lower Austrian Molasse Basin demonstrates the existence of a distinct and synchronous upper Ottnangian (lower Miocene) stratigraphic signal, the Calcite Minimum Interval (CMI). It corresponds to the depositional phase of the Rzehakia Lake System. This signal is interpreted to be of chronostratigraphic importance as an expression of palaeoclimate and related sea-level change. It is represented by the brackish Traisen Formation, which crops out south of the Danube. The Traisen Formation correlates with sands and shales in OMV wells to the north, termed Wildendürnbach Formation. However, the CMI underlies a marine unit, the so-called “Oncophora Beds” (also known as Rzehakia Beds) as reported from OMV wells in the north at the border to the Czech Republic. We demonstrate that these former “Oncophora Beds” are younger, i.e. of Karpatian age, than originally assumed. Therefore, these deposits cannot be correlated to the late Ottnangian Traisen Formation. This may solve the problem of contradicting interpretations concerning the depositional environment of both units, which were correlated to each other in the past. As no Rzehakia bivalves (formerly Oncophora) are described from these former “Oncophora Beds”, we recommend to avoid using the term for these turbiditic sands. Instead, we attribute these deposits to the fully marine Karpatian Laa Formation. These new findings, which are in accordance with published data from the Czech Republic, indicate two (in time and space) independent sedimentary systems and sand deposition centres for the Traisen Formation and the massive sands attributed as “Oncophora Beds” around Wildendürnbach. A late Ottnangian system in the south delivered the material of the Traisen Formation from the Alps and a Karpatian system delivered the clastic material of the massive sands of the Laa Formation from the east.
Sinemurian biostratigraphy of the Tannscharten section near Reichraming (Lower Jurassic, Schneeberg Syncline, Northern Calcareous Alps)
Authors: Lukeneder Petra , Lukeneder Alexander
Published: September 2018

Lower Jurassic ammonites were collected from deep-water limestones of the Tannscharten section, southwest of Reichraming (Northern Calcareous Alps, Upper Austria). The outcrop provides a rich Upper Sinemurian (Lower Jurassic) ammonite fauna of the Allgäu Formation. The area is situated in the westernmost part of the Schneeberg Syncline in the north of the Reichraming Nappe (High Bajuvaric Unit). The ammonite fauna consists of seven different genera, each apparently represented by 1-2 species. Echioceratids are the most frequent components (Echioceras, Leptechioceras, Paltechioceras), followed by the phylloceratids (Juraphyllites, Partschiceras) and oxynoticeratids (Gleviceras, Paroxynoticeras). Juraphyllites libertus, Partschiceras striatocostatum, Gleviceras paniceum, Echioceras quenstedti, Echioceras raricostatoides, Paltechioceras boehmi, Leptechioceras meigeni, Leptechioceras macdonnelli and Paltechioceras oosteri are new for the Schneeberg Syncline and allow for the first time a detailed biostratigraphy of the Echioceras raricostatum zone. The assemblage is correlated with other faunae from Austria, Germany, United Kingdom, France, Switzerland and Romania. The cephalopod fauna consists of a mix of elements from the Northwest European Province and the Mediterranean Province. The detailed biostratigraphy based on ammonites is presented here.
Estudo Etnobotânico de Plantas Tóxicas na Comunidade de Salobra Grande, Porto Estrela - Mato Grosso
Authors: Oliveira Simone Santos de , Pereira Suzam Lenni da Silva , Moreira Patrícia Simone Palhana , Hunhoff Viviane Luiza , Moreira Rogério Pinto de Moura , Nunes Paula Alexandra Soares da Silva , Nunes Josué Ribeiro da Silva , Añez Rogério Benedito da Silva
Published: September 2018

Este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar quais são as plantas tóxicas presentes nos quintais das casas de uma comunidade tradicional e conhecer para que fins estes moradores mantinham essas plantas. Foram realizadas entrevistas com a utilização de formulários com perguntas abertas e semiestruturadas, em que nove famílias foram entrevistadas. A maioria dos entrevistados tinha mais de 30 anos de idade, 56% dos entrevistados afirmaram que já tinham ouvido falar de plantas tóxicas. A família Araceae teve maior representatividade, seguida de Liliaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Apocynaceae, Annonaceae, Dioscoreaceae, Solanáceae e Labiatae e a espécie mais encontrada nas residências foi a espada de são jorge (Sansevieria sp), pertencente à família Liliaceae. Algumas espécies tóxicas são utilizadas de forma medicinal como a mamona (Ricinus communis L) e na alimentação, taioba (Colocasia antiquorum Schott), tomate, inhame e pinha (Lycopersicon sp, Dioscorea sp e Annona squamosa respectivamente). Algumas plantas são utilizadas para proteção da casa e contra mau olhado como comigo-ninguém-pode (Dieffenbachia picta Schott) e pinhão roxo (Jatropha gossypiifolia). A espécie Sansevieria sp (espada de são Jorge) é utilizada em rituais religiosos e também na proteção da casa.Palavras-chave: Conhecimento de Plantas. Uso de Plantas. Comunidades Tradicionais.AbstractThis research had as main purpose to verify the toxic plants species in the backyard of a traditional community and know why these people keep these species. Interviews were carried out using forms with open and semi-structured questions, nine families were interwied. The majority of respondents were more than 30 years old, 56% of respondents stated that they had already heard of toxic plants. The Araceae family had greater representativeness, followed by Liliaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Apocynaceae, Annonaceae, Dioscoreaceae, Solanáceae and Labiatae and the most common species found in homes was espada de são jorge (Sansevieria sp), bellonging to Liliaceae family. Some toxic species are used medicinally as castor beans (Ricinus communis L) and feeding taioba (Colocasia antiquorum Schott), tomato, yam and custard apple (Lycopersicon sp, Dioscorea sp and Annona squamosa respectively). Some plants are used for home protection and against evil eye as comigoninguém-pode (Dieffenbachia picta Schott) and pinhão roxo (Jatropha gossypiifolia). The specie Sansevieria sp (espada de são Jorge) It is used in religious rituals and also protect the home.Keywords: Plant Knowledge. Use of Plants. Traditional Communities.
Prevalência de Obesidade Infantil em uma Escola Pública da Cidade de Ipatinga (MG)
Authors: Alecrim Jackeline De Souza , Sousa Lorena Freire , Castro Josiane Márcia de , Borja Gulnara Patricia Cabrera , Castro Luna Luiza Borges de , Bastos Vanessa Costa , Nascimento Diogo Silva , Pereira Giselle Cristina Andrade
Published: September 2018

O alto predomínio da obesidade na infância vem se tornando cada vez mais preocupante, desta forma, pais, profissionais da saúde, educadores e representantes de entidades ligadas ao tema buscam respostas e soluções para o problema que cresce de maneira alarmante. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar o índice de obesidade infantil em crianças de 6 a 10 anos, em uma instituição pública de ensino, analisando seus hábitos alimentares e as condições patológicas associadas à obesidade correlacionando a ausência ou não da prática de exercícios físicos. Ficando evidenciada a baixa prevalência de crianças obesas e um alto índice de crianças abaixo do peso preconizado pela OMS para a faixa etária. Apesar da maior prevalência de crianças com baixo peso se observou que a grande maioria adota uma alimentação inadequada e um alto consumo de carboidratos e gorduras e apenas 4,54% e 9,8% das crianças com idade de 6 e 7 anos e 8, 9 e 10 anos, respectivamente, afirmaram consumir diariamente frutas e verduras. O que pode ser considerado preocupante, uma vez que maus hábitos alimentares associados a outros fatores predisponentes podem desencadear deficiências nutricionais, que podem oferecer graves consequências para a saúde do indivíduo.Palavras-chave: Obesidade Infantil. Baixo Peso. Alimentação Infantil.AbstractThe high prevalence of obesity in childhood has become increasingly worrying, so parents, health professionals, educators and representatives of entities associated to the theme, seek answers and solutions to the problem that grows alarmingly. The objective of this study was to investigate the childhood obesity index in children aged 6 to 10 years in a public institution analyzing their eating habits and the pathological conditions associated with obesity, correlating the absence or absence of physical exercise practice. A low prevalence of obese children and a high index of underweight children was evidenced recommended by WHO for the age group. Despite the higher prevalence of underweight children, it was observed that the vast majority adopt an inadequate diet and a high consumption of carbohydrates and fats, and only 4.54% and 9.8% of children aged 6 and 7 and 8 , 9 and 10 years, respectively, reported consuming fruits and vegetables daily. This can be considered a concern since poor dietary habits associated with other predisposing factors can trigger nutritional deficiencies that can offer serious health consequences to the individual.Keywords: Child Obesity. Low Weight. Infant Feeding.
Transtornos Depressivos e seus Possíveis Fatores Causais em Profissionais Enfermeiros de um Hospital Filantrópico
Authors: Santana Daniella Brunelli D’Avila de , Neves Letticia Parreira , Siufi Maria Clara , Panovich Marina Franco , Takayassu Milena Nakase , Chiquetto Stela Da Silva , Tanahara Tatiane Laís , Baziquetto Vinícius Henrique
Published: September 2018

O presente estudo visa analisar a prevalência de depressão nos profissionais enfermeiros de um Hospital Filantrópico, em Campo Grande/MS, que nunca haviam tido diagnóstico de depressão anteriormente, correlacionando com aspectos sociodemográficos e laborais, como período de trabalho e horas de descanso semanal. Tratou-se de um estudo de caráter quantitativo, aspecto analítico, observacional e transversal, realizado com 89 enfermeiros do Hospital Associação Beneficente Santa Casa de Campo Grande, com início em maio de 2015 e término em novembro de 2016. Para a análise, foram aplicados dois questionários, sendo um de autoria própria (com perfil sociodemográfico, qualidade de vida e de trabalho e saúde mental), e outro validado, representado pelo Inventário de Depressão de Beck, o qual possibilita inferir o diagnóstico de depressão. Dos 89 profissionais enfermeiros, a prevalência de casos de depressão foi de 2 (2,2%), sendo que 9 (11,1%) se mostraram disfóricos e os demais não tiveram alterações relacionadas a tal enfermidade psiquiátrica. Daqueles trabalhadores com depressão, 2 (2,2%) eram do sexo feminino, 2 (2,2%) eram solteiros e 2 (2,2%) exerciam seu trabalho no período vespertino. Houve maior prevalência de depressão nos enfermeiros do sexo feminino, solteiros, que exerciam suas atividades no turno vespertino e possuíam um ou nenhum período de lazer durante a semana.Palavras-chave: Depressão. Enfermagem. Qualidade de Vida. Saúde Mental.AbstractThe present study has as its main objective to analyze the depression prevalence in nurses in a Philantropic Hospital in Campo Grande MS that have never been previously diagnosed with depression correlating with sociodemographic and labor aspects, such as work period and weekly rest hours. This was a quantitative, analytical observational and cross sectional study with 89 nurses from Hospital Associação Beneficente Santa Casa de Campo Grande , that began on May of 2015 and ended on November of 2016. For the analysis two questionnaires were applied, one of the author’s authorship (with sociodemographic profile, quality of life and work and mental health) and another validated, Beck Depression Inventory, which allows to classify depression diagnosis. From 89 nurses, the prevalence of depression cases were 2 nurses (2,2%), and 9 (11,1%) were dysphoric and the others had no relevant alterations. Of those with depression 2 (2,2%) were female, 2 (2,2%) were single and 2 (2,2%) exercised their work in the evening period. There was higher prevalence of depression in female, single nurses that exercised their work in the evening period and had one or no free time during the week.Keywords: Depression. Nursing. Quality of Life. Prevalence. Mental Health.
Composição Corporal de Adultos Com Síndrome de Down e Excesso de Peso Atendidos em Hospital Universitário
Authors: Reis Leiliane Cruz , Nunes Livia Maria Machado , Bezerra Maria Edilma Da Silva , Della Noce Rosilene Reis
Published: September 2018

Pessoas com Síndrome de Down podem, frequentemente, apresentar doença cardíaca congênita, hipotireoidismo, distúrbios gastrointestinais e tendência ao sobrepeso e obesidade, comprometendo gravemente a saúde. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever a composição corporal de adultos com Síndrome de Down - SD e excesso de peso, atendidos em um Hospital Universitário. Trata-se de um estudo transversal e descritivo realizado na cidade de Belém do Pará, no ano de 2017, onde os participantes com SD, foram avaliados para determinação da composição corporal com a utilização do aparelho de bioimpedância elétrica InBody230. Foram avaliados 13 indivíduos de ambos os sexos com idades variando entre 20 e 40 anos. A média de peso dos indivíduos do sexo masculino e feminino foi de 71,8 kg e 69,2 kg respectivamente, a média de Índice de Massa Corporal - IMC foi de 31,27 kg/m² para os homens e 34,08 kg/m² para as mulheres, classificada em obesidade. A maioria dos indivíduos apresenta Massa Muscular Esquelética - MME e Massa Livre de Gordura - MLG dentro da faixa de normalidade, porém os valores de Massa de Gordura (MG), assim como a Relação Cintura Quadril - RCQ de todos os indivíduos estão elevados. O acompanhamento individualizado da composição corporal, por meio da bioimpedância elétrica, mostrou ser um instrumento eficaz para avaliação do estado nutricional dessa população.Palavras-chave: Síndrome de Down. Composição Corporal. Bioimpedância Elétrica.AbstractPeople with Down Syndrome can often have congenital heart disease, hypothyroidism, gastrointestinal disorders, and tendency to overweight and obesity severely compromising health. The objective of this study was to describe the body composition in adults with Down Syndrome and overweight treated in a University Hospital. This is a cross-sectional and descriptive study carried out in the city of Belém do Pará in 2017, where the participants with DS, were evaluated to determine the body composition with the use of InBody 230 electric bioimpedance device. Eight individuals of both sexes with ages varying between 20 and 40 years were evaluated. The mean weight of the male and female subjects was 71.8 kg and 69.2 kg respectively, the mean Body Mass Index (BMI) was 31.27 kg / m² for men and 34.08 kg / m² for women, classified as obesity. The majority of individuals had a Skeletal Muscle Mass (MME) and Fat Free Mass (MLG) within the normal range, but the values of Mass of Fat (MG), as well as the Hip Waist Ratio (WHR) of all individuals are high. The individualized monitoring of body composition through electric bioimpedance proved to be an effective tool for assessing the nutritional status of this population.Keywords: Down Syndrome. Body composition. Electric impedance.
Coerência Wavelets em Variável Temperatura do Ar em Área do Bioma Pantaneiro e Área de Alta Densidade Construtiva
Authors: Vilani Maricéia Tatiana , Reis Nathalia Martins da Silva , Pinto Junior Osvaldo Borges , Novais Jonathan Willian Zangeski
Published: September 2018

Estudos sobre variações, fatores climáticos e tendências de diferentes áreas, como o Bioma Pantaneiro e áreas Urbanas são essenciais para identificar padrões comportamentais, que servem como ferramentas qualitativas e quantitativas da dinâmica destes sistemas. Dentre estes Biomas, foram utilizados dados do Pantanal Acurizal, do Norte de Mato Grosso e área Urbana de Cuiabá, de alta densidade construtiva. Sendo assim, para o presente estudo, teve-se como objetivo analisar a variável temperatura do ar, pela técnica de Coerência Wavelets, em duas áreas de estudo (Pantanal e Urbana). Dentre os processos Metodológicos, aplicou-se a Wavelets de Morlet, para verificar a periodicidade e espectros de energia, assim como aplicou-se a análise de Coerência Wavelets, para verificar a análise de sinal e coerrência entre as áreas de estudo, para as estações Seca e Úmida. Como resultado observou-se que ocorreu maior periodicidade e espectro de energia da variável temperatura do ar em área urbana, para as duas estações, contudo ocorreu significativa correlação na análise de sinal entre as áreas de estudo.Palavras-chave: Wavelets de Morlet. Espectros de Energia. Análise de Sinais. Área Acurizal. Área Urbana.AbstractStudies on variations, climatic factors and trends of different areas, such as Pantanal Biome and Urban areas are essential to identify behavioral patterns that serve as qualitative and quantitative tools of the dynamics of these systems. Among these Biomes, data from the Pantanal Acurizal, from the north of Mato Grosso and the urban area of Cuiabá, of high constructive density were used. Thus, for the present study, the objective was to analyze the air temperature variable, using the Wavelets Coherence technique, in two study areas (Pantanal and Urbana). Among the methodological processes, the Wavelets de Morlet was applied to verify the periodicity and energy spectra, as well as the Wavelets Coherence analysis, to verify the signal analysis and coherence between the study areas, for the Dry and humid seasons. As a result, it was observed that there was a higher periodicity and energy spectrum of the air temperature variable in the urban area, for the two seasons, however, there was a correlation in the signal analysis between the study areas.Keywords: Wavelet de Morlet. Energy Spectra . Signal Analysis. Acuriza Area. Urban Area.
Diálogos entre Comenius, Pestalozzi e Calkins e os Saberes Geométricos na Escola Primária
Authors: Camara Alexsandra , Pinto Neuza Bertoni
Published: September 2018

Este artigo é parte de estudo mais amplo que investiga processos de circulação e apropriação de conteúdos e métodos dos saberes geométricos na escola elementar. De modo particular, buscou desvelar a maneira pela qual o ensino desses saberes foi proposto a partir das diretrizes do método intuitivo. Com esse objetivo, constituíram-se como pontos de partida as análises das fontes que são os escritos de Comenius, Pestalozzi e Calkins, por meio de suas respectivas obras: Didática Magna (1621), Cómo Gertrudis enseña a sus hijos (1801) e Primeiras Lições de Coisas (1886). Diante da grande importância dispensada por Calkins para os trabalhos de Comenius e Pestalozzi, interessou compreender: Quais ideias pedagógicas de Comenius e Pestalozzi foram apropriadas e utilizadas por Calkins ao elaborar a sua proposta do ensino sobre os saberes geométricos? Na procura por resposta, realizou-se, inicialmente, uma breve abordagem das ideias pedagógicas desses autores. Em seguida, partindo de leituras das três obras citadas, analisou-se cada proposta para o ensino de saberes geométricos e suas respectivas metodologias. Por fim, foram discutidas diferenças e semelhanças observadas nas ideias dos autores, o que permitiu a compreensão não só do ensino sobre os saberes geométricos, mas também do modo de apropriação de Comenius e Pestalozzi por Calkins.Palavras-chave: Saberes Geométricos. Escola Primária. Método Intuitivo. Lições de Coisas.AbstractThis article is part of a more amplified study, which investigates processes of circulation and appropriation of contents and methods of geometric knowledge in elementary school. In a specific way, it was tried to unveil the manner of how these contents were proposed based on intuitive method guidelines. Beginning from this objective, as starting points, it was constructed an analysis based on particular documents written by Comenius, Pestalozzi e Calkins by means of their respective works: Didática Magna (1621), Cómo Gertrudis enseña a sus hijos (1801) e Primeiras Lições de Coisas (1886). Given the importance inclined by Calkins for Comenius and Pestalozzi’s works, interested us to comprehend: Which pedagogical ideas from Comenius and Pestalozzi where appropriate and used by Calkins in order to elaborate his own geometry content teaching propose? Moreover, with the objective to answer this particular question, it was accomplished a brief approach of the main pedagogical ideas of these authors. Then, starting from the reading of the three works quoted before, it was analysed each propose for geometry content teaching and methodologies. At last, it was discussed similarities and differences observed between the author’s ideas and what specifically permitted not only the comprehension of geometry tutoring but also the way of Comenius and Pestalozzi appropriation by Calkins.Keywords: Geometry Knowledge. Primary School. Intuitive Method. Lessons of Things.
A Hipótese dos Experimentos Mentais na Construção de Conceitos em Matemática
Authors: Cruz Willian José
Published: September 2018

Este artigo tem a intenção de apresentar a hipótese dos experimentos mentais e suas caracterizações, com a pretensão de justificar ainda mais o interesse em atividades de investigação matemática, por meio dos experimentos mentais, e das bases semióticas da matemática. Parte desse trabalho foi resultado de uma pesquisa teórica desenvolvida no âmbito do programa de doutorado em Educação Matemática, pela Universidade Anhanguera de São Paulo, e teve como objetivo construir e analisar as características dos experimentos mentais na matemática e suas consequências no âmbito da Educação Matemática. Buscou-se também uma analogia entre os experimentos mentais e as provas matemáticas formais. Experimentos mentais são formas que o sujeito tem de colocar seus próprios pensamentos, dentro de um contexto previamente considerado, como objetos de considerações numa dada atividade e/ou problema, por meio de representações. Esses pensamentos são considerados abdutivos, ou seja, implicam generalizações na Matemática e exige uma teoria de experimentação e de análise. Buscar-se-á nesse texto esclarecer, com a construção de um cálculo de segmentos, quais aspectos se julgam importantes na dinâmica de considerar os experimentos mentais na construção do pensamento matemático, sem desconsiderar a importância de provas matemáticas formais.Palavras-chave: Experimentos Mentais. Semiótica. Intuição. Pensamento Abdutivo.AbstractThis text intends to present the theory of thought experiments and their characterizations, with the aim of further justifying the interest in mathematical research activities, by means of thought experiments, and the semiotic bases of mathematics. Part of this work was the result of a theoretical research developed within the PhD Program in Mathematical Education, by the Anhanguera University of São Paulo, and had the objective of constructing and analyzing the characteristics of thought experiments in mathematics and its consequences in Mathematical Education. An analogy was also sought between mental experiments and formal mathematical proofs. Thought experiments are forms that the subject has to put his own thinking, within a previously considered context, as objects of considerations in a given activity and / or problem, by means of representations. These thinking are considered abductive, that is, they imply generalizations in Mathematics and require a theory of experimentation and analysis. It will be sought in this text to clarify, with the construction of a segment calculus, which aspects are considered important in the dynamics of considering the thought experiments in the construction of mathematical thinking, without disregard the importance of formal mathematical proofs.Keywords: Thought Experiments. Semiotics. Intuition. Thinking Abductive.
Relevance and the Dissemination of Medical Literature in the Information Age
Authors: Kaszuba Frank J , Alberts W Michael
Published: September 2018

The exponential growth of medical data can be difficult to process. Healthcare providers must be critical in their evaluation of information, but at the same time be ready to question long-held beliefs. At present, major search engines and aggregators are inadequate at determining relevance and significance of this vast body of data. In the future, artificial intelligence may be able to filter useful data and present it in a meaningful fashion, allowing us to make informed decisions.
The descriptive study of imposter syndrome in medical students
Authors: Maqsood Hamza , Shakeel Hassan Abdullah , Hussain Humza , Khan Ali Raza , Ali Basit , Ishaq Asher , Shah Syed Asfand Yar
Published: September 2018

Background: Imposter syndrome is characterized by chronic feelings of self-doubt and fear of being discovered as an intellectual fraud. Despite evidence of abilities, those suffering from imposter syndrome are unable to internalize a sense of accomplishment, competence, or skill. Overall, they believe themselves to be less intelligent and competent than others perceive them to be. IS has several potential implications for medical education. The current study was designed to find out the frequency of imposter syndrome among medical students college so that certain measures must be taken to improve the teaching and learning methodologies as well as the curriculum.Methods: A cross-sectional, psycho-social analysis was conducted from March to July, 2018 at Nishtar Medical College, Multan after taking informed consent from the students. Clance Imposter Phenomenon Sclae (CIPS) was used to assess the prevalence and degree of severity of Imposter syndrome among medical chosen on basis of random sampling. The data collected was entered and analysed on SPSS v.20.Results: Two hundred (200) students were selected for the study and were asked to return the completed 20 items questionnaire. One hundred and eighty-nine (189) students returned the questionnaires, so the response rate was 94.5%. Out of 189 students, 121(64.36%) were males and 68(35.97%) were females. According to Clance imposter phenomenon scoring, of the total 189 students the severity of imposter syndrome is as follows: mild, 5(2.64%), moderate,72(38.09%), severe,103(54.49%) and very severe, 09(4.76%). Moreover, third year students were found to have high prevalence and degree of severity of imposter syndrome.Conclusions: Imposter phenomenon exists in a significant percentage of medical students and appears to peak in the third year of medical school. Both genders are at equal risk of having imposter syndrome. It is associated with various psychological illnesses. Further discussion regarding medical education paradigms in light of high levels of imposter phenomenon is needed.
Bacteriology of diabetic foot infections and their antibacterial susceptibility
Authors: Aiswariya Alex , Pavani Kalagara , Rajendra Bhanudas Surpam
Published: September 2018

Background: Diabetic foot infections are the most common bacterial infections encountered in patients with diabetes mellitus and remain the leading complication requiring frequent hospitalization.  Hence, this study was carried out to determine the prevalence of bacteria in diabetic foot infections and their antibiogram which can help to inform therapeutic choices.Methods: A prospective study conducted on clinical specimens taken from patients with diabetic foot infections, over 3 years duration. The clinical specimens were processed by using the standard microbiological techniques. The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was studied by the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method.Results: Among 103 cases studied, 97 were culture positive. Out of these specimens, 25 (25.77%) had monomicrobial flora and 72 (74.23%) had polymicrobial flora. A total of 176 bacteria were obtained which include 62 gram positive cocci and 114 gram negative bacilli. All gram negative bacilli showed good sensitivity to imipenem (97.30%), followed by cefaperazone sulbactam (81.98%), piperacillin-tazobactam (75.68%) and amikacin (72.97%). All gram positive cocci remained 100% sensitive to Vancomycin and Linezolid followed by clindamycin (not tested for Enterococci Spp.) and gentamicin  in a range of  91.43 % to 72.88%. The prevalence of multidrug resistant organisms among aerobic isolates were 59.66%.Conclusions: Diabetic foot infections are polymicrobial. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococus aureus were the most common isolates. The most sensitive antibiotics are imipenem for gram negative bacilli while vancomycin and linezolid were effective for gram positive cocci. The antibiogram of isolates will be helpful in determining the drugs for the empirical treatment of diabetic foot infection.
Knowledge, attitude and practice about hospital acquired infection among health care personnel in a tertiary care hospital of Tripura
Authors: Nag Kaushik , Datta Anjan , Karmakar Nabarun , Chakraborty Tamal
Published: September 2018

Background: Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at increased risk of hospital acquired infections transmitted from both blood-borne pathogens. This study was aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of health care professionals towards hospital acquired infections.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 191 on health care personnel (staff nurses, nursing student, lab technicians, OT assistants, ward girls, and sweepers) available on the day of survey of Tripura Medical College and Dr. BRAM Teaching Hospital, Hapania; data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire and analysed using Microsoft excel.Results: Majority (70.7%%) of the participants belonged to 18 to 25 years age group and were females (75.9%); mostly were Staff Nurses (35.1%) followed by nursing student (31.9%). The present study showed that, 87.4% healthcare personnel have some knowledge about Hospital Acquired Infection (HAI). According to study participants, most common hospital acquired infections was urinary tract infections (60.5%) and nurses were the most susceptible (34.6%) group to HAI. Among participants, 94.8% believed that working in hospital exposed them to infectious diseases and 60.2% were willing to change their working environment to avoid hospital acquired infection. Most of the study participants washed their hands after handling the patients (90.2%).Conclusions: Knowledge about Hospital Acquired Infection is present among health care personnel but there is still lack of adequate quality control practice to prevent Hospital Acquired Infection. Importance of prevention of Hospital Acquired Infection should be emphasized among health care personnel by intensive IEC activities.
New onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) in renal transplant recipients: a study from tertiary care center in Kashmir, India
Authors: Ahmed Mehroz , Sudan Rahul , Wani Imtiyaz Ahmed , Wani Muzaffar Maqsood , Banday Khurshid Ahmed , Gupta Gunjan
Published: September 2018

Background: New onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) is a common entity in the post-transplant period after several types of organ transplants like kidney, liver heart and lungs. NODAT is a common complication after solid organ transplantation and has been reported to have an adverse impact on patient and allograft outcomes. Risk stratification and intervention to minimize risk should be an integral part of management of transplant recipients.Methods: A total of 100 patients who underwent renal transplantation were observed for the development of NODAT in the post transplantation period. Patients were evaluated in the pre- transplant and post-transplant period. Risk factors which were associated with the development of NODAT were analyzed.Results: Out of 100 patients, 79 were males and 21 were females. The mean age of the patients undergoing renal transplantation was 40 years. The youngest patient was 18 years old and the eldest was 64 years old. Majority of the patients were in the age group of 31 to 50 years (60 patients, 60%). The incidence of NODAT in present study was 17%. The major risk factors for the development of NODAT were identified as male sex, positive family history of diabetes, history of alcohol intake before renal transplantation, hypertriglyceridemia, post renal transplantation hypomagnesemia, proteinuria, and use of drugs like tacrolimus and prednisolone.Conclusions: NODAT has been identified as a risk factor for graft rejection, long-term graft failure, and decreased patient survival. Once NODAT has been diagnosed, specific anti-hyperglycemic therapy is essential to reach a tight glycemic control, which contributes to significantly reduced post-transplantation morbidity. Due to the importance of NODAT, diabetes education and its impact on the outcome of post-transplantation morbidity and mortality becomes crucial point of research among organ transplantation populations. Diabetes education in a group setting can be adopted for organ transplantation recipients with NODAT.
Evaluation of adenosine deaminase activity in serum and pleural fluid of pulmonary tuberculosis patients with pleural effusion
Authors: Malempati Uma D. , Medooru Kusuma K.
Published: September 2018

Background: In endemic regions, a high adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in lymphocyte predominant exudate is a valuable adjunct in diagnostic evaluation and treatment initiation in tuberculous pleural effusion. Tuberculosis is highly endemic in India, requiring prompt diagnosis, effective treatment and control of the disease. The present study was aimed to evaluate the serum and pleural fluid ADA activities in pulmonary tuberculosis patients with pleural effusion.Methods: This study includes a total of 240 subjects; 40 pulmonary tuberculosis patients (PTB), 40 PTB with pleural effusion (PE), 40 PTB treated for one month, 40 healthy controls, 40 transudative PE patients and 40 nontuberculous exudative PE patients, between 20-70 years of age. ADA activity was estimated by the Guisti-Galanti method along with routine parameters in all study subjects.Results: Serum ADA activity was significantly higher (p<0.001) in PTB with PE (37.68±12.42U/L) than healthy controls (12.15±5.38U/L), transudative PE (22.43±9.12U/L), nontuberculous exudative PE (16.92±4.98U/L) and treated PTB (19.39±4.54U/L). Pleural fluid ADA activity was significantly higher (p<0.0001) in PTB with PE (78.94±36.75U/L) than in transudative PE (11.25±3.12U/L) and nontuberculous exudative PE (17.56±10.42U/L). ADA activity was significantly higher (p<0.001) in pleural fluid than serum in PTB with PE. Lymphocyte percentage was significantly higher (p<0.001) in pleural fluid (86.57±9.64) than peripheral blood (37.48±8.49) in PTB with PE.Conclusions: The pleural fluid ADA activities were elevated in lymphocyte predominant exudates of PTB patients with PE from endemic regions, prompting treatment initiation in high suspicion cases with elevated ADA activity.
Effect of severity of hypertension on brain stem auditory evoked potentials
Authors: V. Roseline Jesintha , P. Vinupradha P.
Published: September 2018

Background: Hypertension is one of the most important public health problems among worldwide. Central nervous system dysfunctions are common in these patients due to micro-infarctions caused by arteriolar spasm of cerebral blood vessels. This will lead to hypoperfusion, subcortical white matter demyelination, and cognitive decline. The Brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) are far field subcortical electrical potentials which provide an objective electrophysiological method for assessing the auditory pathway from auditory nerve to the brainstem. Aim and objective of the study was to assess the effect of increasing severity of hypertension on the brainstem auditory pathway, among the patients of essential hypertension.Methods: A total of 75 subjects of age group 30 to 60 years were included in the study. Among them 25 were healthy age and sex matched controls (Group I), 25 were stage 1 hypertensives (Group IIa) and 25 were stage 2 hypertensives (Group IIb) as per JNC 7 criteria. The absolute latencies I, III, V and interpeak latencies (IPL) I-III, III-V, I-V were recorded by using Neuroperfect EMG 2000 system with installed BAER and data were statistically analyzed using Student unpaired t test.Results: All the hypertensive (Group IIa and IIb) patients were found to have significantly prolonged absolute latency of wave III, V and IPL III-V, I-V as compared to that of normal healthy controls. The wave V latency was prolonged as the severity of hypertension increased. Intergroup comparison among hypertensive patients (Group IIa and IIb) revealed a significant prolongation of absolute latency of Wave III, V and IPL III-V, I-V.Conclusions: The results show that there exists a sensory deficit along with synaptic delay across the auditory pathway in the hypertensive patients and the sensory deficit progresses with the severity of the disease.