bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Best Management Practices to Mitigate Contamination of Karstic Aquifers from Emergency Fire-Control Runoff
Authors: Rosen, Ph.D. Rudolph , Schindel Geary M. , Green Ronald , Den Walter
Published: October 2024

We propose best management practices to increase karstic aquifer drinking water supplies’ resilience to potential hazardous material impacts where first responders and public safety officials suspect emergency firefighting runoff has entered the subsurface in the aquifer recharge zone. Karstic aquifers are unique because of their direct openings to the land’s surface, which allows contaminants in runoff or other surface waters to rapidly enter the subsurface and impact aquifer water quality. In the United States, 20% of the land surface is karst, and about a third of the groundwater used for drinking comes from karstic aquifers. Proposed best management practices emphasize on-site, real-time evaluation of the transport and fate of HAZMAT that may enter the subsurface and focus on water quality sampling, runoff and groundwater flow modeling, nontoxic dye tracing, and related studies for use in planning before and during an event and after emergency response has ended. We recommend best management practices for evidence-based screening of high-risk sites to facilitate placement of hazardous material sampling devices and emergency responder deployment. The best management practices, tools, curricula, and training described combine with earlier work by the authors to provide a comprehensive menu of actions to (1) help first responders prevent or limit flushing of hazardous material into a karstic aquifer; (2) help emergency management officials understand the consequences of contamination and issue data-driven geographically focused health and safety risk communications; and (3) help provide health and safety officials with relevant science- and data-based information that can help mitigate human and environmental health risks.
PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME OF ARTHROSCOPIC ANTERIORCRUCIATE LIGAMENT RECONSTRUCTION WITH PERONEUS LONGUS AUTOGRAFT
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopedic, Parul Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Vadodara., Rampurwala Aliasgar , Kumar Arvind ,   Professor, Department of Orthopedic, Parul Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Vadodara., Garasiya Rahul ,   Junior Resident, Department of Orthopedic, Parul Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Vadodara., Patel Zenith ,   Junior Resident, Department of Orthopedic, Parul Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Vadodara.
Published: October 2024

Background The present study was designed to analyze the postoperative functional outcome of arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with peroneus longus autograft fixed in femoral tunnel using endobutton and in the tibial tunnel using interference screws. Methods 39 patients of complete ACL tear underwent arthroscopic ACL reconstruction using peroneus longus tendon autograft. It was ensured that graft had a length of at least 7 cm and thickness of at least 8 mm. If either of these requirements were not met, then the graft was supplemented by Hamstring semitendinosus tendon. For functional assessment, international knee documentation committee (IKDC) knee score was taken and clinical tests for antero-posterior stability were done. In addition, the foot and ankle disability index (FADI) scores were used to evaluate the ankle donor site. Results The average graft diameter was 8.74 mm and average graft length was 9.12 cm. There was significant improvement in post op IKDC score when compared with pre op score. There was no antero-posterior instability seen in any of the patients during follow up. No patients required an additional graft augmentation. There was no complaint about weakness of the ankle joint after surgery. Conclusions Arthroscopic ACL reconstruction with peroneus longus tendon autograft is an excellent treatment option for ACL deficient knees. It gives excellent functional outcome without any detrimental effect on ankle function with minimal complications.
A CASE REPORT OF RECURRENT FRONTAL MUCOCOELE
Authors:   Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, DR. PSIMS&RF, Gannavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India., Satish Chandra T. , Sameera G. ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, DR. PSIMS&RF, Gannavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India., Prathyusha G. ,   Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, DR. PSIMS&RF, Gannavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Published: October 2024

Background: Paranasal sinus mucocele is the epithelium lined mucus filled sac causing enlargement of sinus wall. It can cause bone erosion and displacement of surrounding structures. Mucoceles usually occur due to infection, inflammation, trauma, previous surgeries, and tumours which can potentially obstruct the sinus ostium. Cranio facial trauma is the commonest cause for mucocele formation. Case report: A 50yr old male patient came with chief complaints of swelling on forehead since 1yr. The patient had history of road traffic accident 13yrs ago for which he underwent facio-maxillary reconstruction along with right eye evisceration. Later he developed a swelling above right eye after 7yrs, which was diagnosed as mucocele and was treated by frontal cranioplasty. Now he came with complaint of swelling on forehead which was gradually increasing in size. MRI-PNS was done showing fluid filled space extending anteriorly from cutaneous plane in the frontal region going posteriorly over the orbit pushing the contents of the orbit inferiorly and medially and extending posteriorly up to orbital apex. Patient underwent endoscopic mucocele drainage and DRAF 3. Right orbital exenteration was done to prevent recurrence. Patient was on follow up since then and no symptoms or signs of recurrence is noted. Conclusion: Facial trauma may be one of the reasons for development of mucocele where sinus drainage pathways are deranged. As in our case trauma not only led to development of mucocele, but new spaces also created by the treatment lead to extensive spread of the mucocele.
Topology optimization using artificial intelligence
Authors: Ait Ouchaoui Ahmed , Nassraoui Mohammed , Radi Bouchaib
Published: October 2024

An analysis of topology optimization employing deep learning, namely Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), and topology optimization utilizing the Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization (SIMP) method is presented in this research. We describe the theoretical foundations of GANs and the SIMP technique. A cantilever beam with predetermined boundary conditions was the topic of a static study to show the practical efficacy of these methods. The structural performance parameters, such as maximal directional displacement, maximal Von Mises stress, and deformation energy. The findings show that deep learning-based topology optimization, as demonstrated by TopologyGAN, provides considerable benefits in terms of improved design correctness and computing performance.
Factors affecting bridge employment behavior: Surveying Chinese older adults as anchors in social media
Authors: Liu Lingzhi , Deeprasert Jirawan , Jiang Songyu
Published: October 2024

Social media has brought new opportunities to bridge employment and has become an essential channel for addressing the issue of an aging society. This study aims to explore the factors influencing bridge employment behavior among older adults on social media platforms. This analysis collected 757 older adults from China who continue to work as anchors in social media after retiring. Data collection was conducted over ten days via structured questionnaires divided into eight sections. Furthermore, this study conducts structural equation modeling (SEM) to process the data. The results indicate that social capital (beta = 0.183, p = 0.004) and bridge employment policies (beta = 0.123, p = 0.031) have a significant positive impact on intention to bridge employment. Subjective norms (beta = 0.197, p < 0.001), attitudes (beta = 0.204, p < 0.001), and perceived behavioral control (beta= 0.147, p = 0.004) also positively and significantly influence intention to bridge employment. Subjective norms, attitudes, and perceived behavioral control serve as crucial mediators in the relationship between social capital, bridge employment policies, and intention to bridge employment. Finally, intention (beta = 0.480, p = 0.001) is a strong predictor of bridge employment behavior and acts as a mediator within the model. The findings suggest that enhancing social capital and well-structured employment policies can significantly influence older adults’ acceptance and sustained participation in bridge employment on social media platforms.
Lung Cancer Detection Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Gadikota Lithesh , Tirumani Sai Teja , Nunna Venkata Yuva Naga Sai
Published: October 2024

Lung cancer is among the most prevalent and deadly cancers worldwide. Accurate diagnosis and early detection are critical for improving lung cancer patient outcomes and survival rates. Thanks to developments in medical imaging technology, computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems have shown a great deal of promise in helping radiologists identify and diagnose lung cancer from medical images. Here, we present the use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to create an early detection system (CAD) for lung cancer. The suggested approach uses lung computed tomography (CT) scans as input and use a CNN architecture to extract high-level features from the pictures. We use transfer learning to enhance a CNN model trained on a large dataset of CT images. The CNN model has been taught to determine if a specific CT image contains lung cancer or not. We evaluate the performance of the proposed CAD system on a dataset of CT scans of the lungs from different institutions. The trial's results show that our CNN-based CAD system can reliably and precisely identify lung cancer from CT scans. We also show the comparative performance of our proposed system against the state-of-the-art machine learning methods for lung cancer prediction.
In conclusion, the suggested CNN-based deep learning-based CAD system has produced encouraging results for lung cancer detection from CT scans. The approach might help radiologists identify and classify lung cancer early on, leading to better patient outcomes and survival rates. The viability and usefulness of the suggested approach in clinical practice require more study
CORDEX Ensemble-based drought projections for Sindh Province of Pakistan under climate change
Authors: Hussain Zafar , Wang Zongmin , Yang Haibo , Aziz Rizwan , Azam Muhammad Imran , Usman Muhammad , Arfan Muhammad , Faisal Muhammad , Gao Meiyan
Published: October 2024

Climate change threatens water-scarce regions significantly. This study utilized an ensemble of four CORDEX models to project droughts under climate change in Sindh Province, Pakistan, from 2011 to 2099, using 1981–2010 as the reference period. Droughts were analyzed under two representative concentration pathways (RCPs): 2.6 and 8.5. A distribution mapping approach was applied for bias correction against observed data from eight stations and the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), which measures drought severity, was calculated at 6, 12, and 24-month timescales. Drought duration and severity were identified using run theory. Results indicate an overall decrease in SPEI, implying worsening drought conditions under both RCPs, with more severe droughts expected under RCP 8.5. The most significant declines in SPEI were noted from 2011 to 2040 under RCP 2.6 and from 2071 to 2099 under RCP 8.5. Hyderabad and MohenjoDaro exhibited the highest drought frequencies under RCP 2.6 (41 and 38%, respectively), while Rohri and Padidan showed the highest under RCP 8.5 (45 and 42%, respectively). The findings emphasize the urgency of adopting localized adaptation strategies to reduce escalating risks and impacts of prolonged and severe droughts driven by climate change.
Antiproliferative Activity of Cephalotaxus Esters: Overcoming Chemoresistance
Authors: Yong-Gonzalez Vladimir , Radu Constantin , Calder Paul A. , Shum David , Gin David Y. , Frattini Mark G. , Djaballah Hakim
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

Omacetaxine, a semisynthetic form of Homoharringtonine (HHT), was
approved for the treatment of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML). Previously, we have published
the synthesis of this natural alkaloid and three of its derivatives: Deoxyharringtonine
(DHT), Deoxyhomoharringtonine (DHHT), and Bis(demethyl)-deoxyharringtonine (BDHT),
and reported its refractory activity against the HL-60/RV+ cells over-expressing P-glycoprotein
1 (MDR1).

Methods:

In this study, we have explored the extent of this resistance by first expanding the
panel of established cell lines and using a panel of 21 leukemia patient-derived primary cells.

Results:

Herein, we have reported consistent resistance to HTT of K562-derived cells and to mitoxantrone
of MES-SA/MX2-derived cells; all of them have been found to overexpress MDR1,
while we have found U87MG-ABCG2 and H69AR cells to be very sensitive to HTT. In contrast,
DHT, DHHT, and BDHT seemingly overcame this resistance due to the changes made to
the acyl chain of HTT, rendering the derivatives less susceptible to efflux. Surprisingly, the leukemia
primary cells were very sensitive to HHT and its derivatives with low nanomolar potencies,
followed by a new class of CDC7 kinase inhibitors, the anthracycline class of topoisomerase
inhibitors, the DNA intercalator actinomycin-D, and the vinca alkaloid class of microtubule
inhibitors. The mechanism of cell death induced by HTT and DHHT was found to be mediated
via caspase 3 cleavage, leading to apoptosis.

Conclusion:

Taken together, our results confirm that HHT is a substrate for MDR1. It opens the
door to a new opportunity to clinically evaluate HHT and its derivatives for the treatment of
AML and other cancers.
Hepatoprotective Effect of Callicarpa lanata (L.) against Antituberculosis Treatment-induced Acute Hepatotoxicity
Authors: Najar Imtiyaz Ahmed , Qadrie Zulfkar Latief , Balasubramanian Rajkapoor , Patyar Sazal , Arora Poonam , Mal Pankaj , Kumar Manish
Published: October 2024

Background:

Hepatotoxicity is a major complication of antitubercular therapy (ATT).
Herbal remedies might alleviate ATT-induced hepatotoxicity owing to a wide range of bioactive
phytoconstituents.

Objectives:

The present study evaluated the hepatoprotective effects of Callicarpa lanata (L.)
leaves against ATT.

Methods:

The ethanolic extract of C. lanata (L.) leaves (EECL) was prepared, and rutin was analyzed
in the extract using HPTLC. ATT (Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol) was
administered in Wistar rats to induce hepatotoxicity, and EECL (200 and 400 mg/kg) or silymarin
(100 mg/kg) was given orally for 35 days.

Results:

EECL ameliorated (p < 0.05) different blood biomarkers (aminotransferases, alkaline
phosphatase, serum protein, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, lactate dehydrogenase, and total bilirubin)
of liver injury against ATT. EECL enhanced (p < 0.05) hepatic sulfhydryl (-SH) group antioxidants
along with a substantial upsurge in antioxidant enzymes and Nrf-2 levels and decreased
hepatic lipid peroxidation. A decrease (p < 0.05) in ATT-induced hepatic pro-inflammatory cytokines,
NF-κB, and liver lysosomal (cathepsin D and β-galactosidase) and cytochrome P450 enzymes
(CYP2E1 and CYP3A4) was observed in EECL-treated rats. Histopathological studies
showed improved hepatocellular structure against oxidative- and inflammation-induced necrosis
and other tissue modifications by EECL. The HPTLC analysis showed the presence of rutin in the
crude extract.

Conclusion:

Evidence suggests that C. lanata protects against ATT-induced hepatic injury, and
rutin might be responsible for the beneficial effects. C. lanata leaves have therapeutic potential in
mitigating drug-induced (ATT) hepatotoxic effects.
Review of Flexible Wearable Polymer Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Materials for Detection Devices
Authors: Wu Haitao , Wei Ran , Wang Hu , Yang Jianming , Li Xiao , Tian Wenyan
Published: October 2024

For the development of flexible electronics-based detection devices, effective electromagnetic
shielding materials are of great significance because electromagnetic radiation, as a common
environmental phenomenon, may adversely affect the devices and human health. This article reviews
the research background and progress of flexible wearable polymer electromagnetic interference
(EMI) shielding materials from a structural point of view and predicts their future development
trend. Flexible wearable EMI shielding materials have become the focus of research because of their
unique flexibility and shielding efficiency, including homogeneous, isolated, porous, layered, prepaid,
and other structures. At present, there is a mutually restrictive relationship between the structure
and properties of flexible EMI shielding materials. Therefore, the flexibility, transparency, and
EMI shielding properties of the material must be balanced during the design and preparation process.
Although certain results have been achieved, it still needs to be further optimized in terms of air
permeability, washing resistance, and environmental friendliness. In the future, flexible EMI shielding
materials will develop in the direction of being multi-functional, green, thin, and intelligent to
meet the growing application needs.
Hemisynthesis, Anti-Inflammatory, and In-silico Alpha-Amylase Inhibition of Novel Carlina Oxide Analogs
Authors: Hammoudi Amina , Zatla Amina Tabet , Mami Imane Rihab , Perard Joelle , Dib Mohamed El Amine
Published: October 2024

Background:

Numerous natural products have been successfully developed for clinical
use in the treatment of human diseases in almost every therapeutic area.

Objective:

This work aimed to synthesize some new analogs of Carlina oxide by functionalizing the
fifth position of the furan by different acyl groups using the Friedel-Crafts acylation approach. The
synthetic analogs and carlina oxide were then assessed for their in-vitro anti-inflammatory activity
and in-silico alpha-amylase inhibition effect.

Methods:

The new analogs were synthesized at room temperature using different anhydrides with
the presence of boron trifluoride diethyl etherate (BF3-Et2O) as an acid catalyst. A protein denaturation
assay was performed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity, while the in-silico study was
conducted using the Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) with different types of alphaamylase
sources, such as human salivary pancreatic alpha-amylase and Aspergillus oryzae alphaamylase
(PDB: 1Q4N, 5EMY, 7P4W respectively).

Results:

A total of four analogs of carlina oxide were obtained in yields of 60-7% and then identified
with 1H and 13C NMR analysis. Additionally, analog 1 exhibited a better anti-inflammatory effect
with an IC50 of 0.280 mg/mL. However, the in-silico study showed that all the synthetic analogs
have different interactions with human salivary alpha-amylase (1Q4N) and other interactions
with 5EMY and 7P4W.

Conclusion:

The new analogs of Carlina oxide have the potential to serve as an alternative agent
for alpha-amylase inhibition, contributing to the reduction of postprandial hyperglycemia.
The Effect of Ginger (Zingiber Officinale Roscoe) and Turmeric (Curcuma Longa) Supplementation on 17-β Estradiol Level, Quality of Life and Body Composition in Postmenopausal Women: Secondary Outcomes of a Randomized, Placebo controlled Trial
Authors: Shakouri Seyed Kazem , Salekzamani Yaghoub , Dolatkhah Neda , Dolati Sanam , Hashemian Maryam
Published: October 2024

Background:

Further investigation is required to deeply understand the role of traditional
medicines in menopause and their safe and effective usage.

Objective:

To determine the effects of Zingiber officinale roscoe [ZO] and Curcuma longa [CL]
supplementation on 17-β estradiol [ES] levels, quality of life, and body composition indices in
postmenopausal women.

Methods:

In this four-month randomized controlled trial, women were recruited from the Tabriz
health centers between 2018 and 2019 and randomly allocated to one of four groups: ZO tablet
1000 mg and CL placebo, CL tablet 1000 mg and ZO placebo, ZO tablet 1000 mg and CL tablet
1000 mg, and ZO placebo and CL placebo.

Results:

One hundred and fifteen women completed this study. ZO [mean change [MC] = 3.18
[95% CI: 0.55 to 5.81]] resulted in a greater increase in serum ES than placebo. ZO [MC= -1.26
[95% CI: -2.78 to -0.72]], CL [MC=-1.21 [95% CI: -2.79 to -0.53]] and ZO + CL [MC=-1.69
[95% CI: -2.48 to -0.85]] resulted in greater improvements in total quality of life score compared
to placebo [MC=-0.51[95% CI: -0.04 to 1.32]]. A significant group difference favoring the ZO
group compared to the placebo was detected for the vasomotor symptoms [MC= -1.03 [95% CI:
-2.57 to -0.97]]. No significant adverse events were noted.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrates the beneficial effects of ginger, turmeric, and ginger plus
turmeric supplementation on the quality of life of postmenopausal women.
Research on Coordination Optimal Scheduling Method for Integrated Energy System Based on Finite-time Event-triggered Consensus Algorithm
Authors: Wu Lizhen , Yang Heng , Chen Wei , Pei Tingting
Published: October 2024

Background:

The coupling of multiple heterogeneous energy sources in an integrated
energy system has led to difficulties in coordinating the optimal scheduling of various energy
sources. As a typical cyber-physical system, the development scale of an integrated energy system
is limited by the communication bandwidth.

Objective:

A coordinated optimal scheduling method for integrated energy system based on finitetime
event-triggered consensus algorithm is proposed in this paper to achieve the optimal operation
of an integrated energy system and lower the burden on the communication network.

Methods:

In this paper, the optimal scheduling model of integrated energy system is established,
and the finite-time consensus algorithm is applied to solve the model, so that the operating costs
of various energy sources can reach the optimal solution within a finite time. Then, a discrete system
communication scheme is established so that neighbor nodes exchange state information only
at the triggering instants. The stability of the system is analyzed using the Lyapunov stability theory,
and it is verified that the system does not exhibit the Zeno phenomenon. Finally, the effectiveness
of the proposed optimal scheduling method is verified by case analysis.

Results:

The results show that the method can achieve the optimal operation of integrated energy
system and effectively reduce the number of communications between neighbor nodes, lowering
the burden on the communication network.

Conclusion:

An integrated energy system composed of electric-heating-gas-cooling is given to
verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Análisis probabilístico de la programación de proyectos, cómo incorporar incertidumbre en la gestión de proyectos
Authors: Salinas Ortiz José
Published: October 2024

La evaluación de proyectos debe considerar tanto los costos de inversión como los tiempos de culminación, ambos sujetos a incertidumbre. Este artículo presenta un enfoque para incorporar explícitamente la incertidumbre en los tiempos de duración de las actividades necesarias para completar un proyecto. Los métodos PERT y CPM, ampliamente adoptados en la industria y el gobierno desde los años cincuenta, ayudan a gestionar la interdependencia de las actividades del proyecto. Aunque originalmente diferenciados en el manejo del tiempo y costo, estos métodos comparten la limitación de no considerar adecuadamente la incertidumbre. Se utilizan tres estimaciones de tiempo (optimista, más probable y pesimista) para un “análisis probabilístico” de la ruta crítica, pero este enfoque no aborda múltiples escenarios ni ajusta la ruta crítica en función de la variación real en los tiempos. Para superar estas limitaciones, se desarrolló un modelo en Excel que permite un análisis probabilístico más adecuado del tiempo de terminación del proyecto. El artículo detalla los objetivos del nuevo procedimiento y los pasos necesarios para incorporar la incertidumbre, utilizando un ejemplo simple de construcción de una planta industrial. Las conclusiones y recomendaciones se presentan al final del artículo.
MENGANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERMINTAAN KREDIT PEMILIKAN RUMAH
Authors: Prasetyo Achmad Budi , Pudjihardjo M
Published: October 2024

The increasing need for housing encourages people take other alternatives, such as using Home Ownership Loans (KPR) as an alternative in obtaining housing. There are some factors that influence the community as consumers in taking / using mortgages, some factors include customer income, house prices, interest rates, down payments, loan terms, and the simultaneous influence of all factors.  This study aims to provide an overview of the factors that influence the demand for mortgage loans in Watubangga urban village housing in Kendari city.   The method used in this research uses descriptive quantitative, where this approach explains the phenomenon of the situation, measures the relationship and draws conclusions based on the use of numbers.  The findings of this study are partial factors that affect mortgage credit such as customer income, price of a house and time period are positively significant, which means that the increase in these partial factors increases the community's intention to take out a mortgage. However, it is inversely proportional to partial factors such as interest rates and down payments. Even so, the effect of these factors is simultaneously positively significant.
The Digitalization of Social Care in England and Implications for Older, Unpaid Carers: Constructionist Thematic Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Rousaki Anastasia , Zamani Efpraxia D , Sbaffi Laura , Hamblin Kate , Black Rachael
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Globally, populations are aging, generating concerns about the sustainability of health and social care provision. In terms of the public provision of social care in particular, unpaid carers provide much of the support to people with disabilities and older people. In addition, there is an increased onus in many countries on digital transformation projects, in the hope that the digitalization of services can create efficiencies and savings in both costs and care labor. In England, the focus of this paper, the shift to digital services is also framed as a means to enhance choice and control for older unpaid carers, while being part of a broader offering that includes nondigital alternatives and support to mitigate digital exclusion.

OBJECTIVE

This study examines the impact of digitalization on older, unpaid carers—a group more likely to be both expected to engage digitally with services and at risk of digital exclusion—in England, focusing on their lived experiences in terms of caring and access to social care.

METHODS

We used a constructionist approach to thematic analysis, where data from 48 older unpaid carers collected through focus groups were analyzed using thematic analysis, resulting in 4 prevailing themes.

RESULTS

Our findings indicated that while unpaid carers largely acknowledge the benefits of digitalization, they also highlight several points of failure, whereby engagement with digital spaces is experienced as coercive and exacerbates feelings of exclusion. These are further worsened by government failures to address issues of connectivity, imposing additional financial burdens and complicating tasks such as benefit applications.

CONCLUSIONS

In this study, we have highlighted the need for greater involvement in shaping both policy and technological solutions, which in turn will be more inclusive and aligned to the aspirations and circumstances of older carers.
What is the Capability and Accuracy of ChatGPT’s Newest Models in Diagnosing between Melanoma and Non-Melanoma lesions? (Preprint)
Authors: Chetla Nitin , Chang Joseph , Sattler Samantha , Chen Matthew , Guo William Young , Shah Dia , Hugh Jeremy
Published: October 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

ChatGPT is increasing in use in healthcare. Fields like dermatology and radiology could benefit from use of ChatGPT to help clinicians diagnose skin lesions. This research letter aims to find the accuracy of ChatGPT in diagnosing melanoma based on images. Our analysis indicates that ChatGPT cannot be used reliably to diagnose melanoma and improvements are needed in the program to reach this stage, but it can still help clinicians.
Correction: Outcomes of Patients With Early and Locally Advanced Lung Cancer: Protocol for the Italian Lung Cancer Observational Study (LUCENT) (Preprint)
Authors: Bertolaccini Luca , CIani Oriana , Lucchi Marco , Zaraca Francesco , Bertani Alessandro , Crisci Roberto , Spaggiari Lorenzo , LUCENT Study Group Roberto
Published: October 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Corrigenda
Experiences of Peer Mentoring Sexual and Gender Minority Emerging Adults Who Are at Risk for Suicide: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Tran Jennifer T , Webster Jessica , Wolfe James R , Ben Nathan Jennifer , Mayinja Lindiwe , Kautz Marin , Oquendo Maria A , Brown Gregory K , Mandell David , Mowery Danielle , Bauermeister José A , Brown Lily A
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND

Sexual and Gender Diverse Youth (SGDY) are at increased risk for suicide due to unique experiences including discrimination, family or friend rejection, and low positive affect. Peer mentors (PMs) may offer a unique opportunity for intervention but are underutilized for suicide prevention among SGDY.

OBJECTIVE

Little is known about the training needed for PMs when working with SGDY at risk for suicide. We developed an intervention, Supporting Transitions to Adulthood and Reducing Suicide (STARS), to improve suicide prevention among SGDY and increase social support, coping, and positive effects. PMs were trained by a licensed clinical therapist and provided a manual. PMs meet virtually for 6 weeks, providing social support, strategies to diminish the impact of discrimination, connection to safe spaces, and reinforcement of intentions to use Safety Plans with mentees.

METHODS

To understand PMs’ experiences in their role, including distress, fidelity to the manual, and perceptions of feasibility and acceptability of STARS and mentees’ Safety Plan, we collected survey data from mentees and PMs as well as in-depth interviews with PMs after the completion of the intervention.

RESULTS

As of September 2024, all peer mentees (N=64) have completed the study and all PMs have finished providing sessions for peer mentees. PMs (n=5) reported overall high comfort (8.52) and low distress (1.93) during sessions. All 5 PMs had high fidelity (>90%) to the PM intervention training. All 5 PMs reported high feasibility (17.50), acceptability (20), and appropriateness (20) of the STARS intervention. Mentees (n=27) reported high confidence ratings (3.54) in speaking with their PMs.

CONCLUSIONS

Peer mentorship for SGDY who are at risk for suicide was feasible and acceptable by PMs and mentees alike. PMs reported that they felt comfortable and confident during the sessions. Mentees also reported confidence in working with their PMs. Future research should explore the optimal strategies to support PMs and mentees as they engage in suicide prevention work as well as incorporate feedback from the PMs in this study to ensure optimal outcomes.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05018143; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05018143

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/48177
A Promising Piece of the Puzzle: Human Dignity and the Role of Section 1 of the Charter
Authors: Fehr Colton
Published: October 2024

In this brief piece, I want to take up Major’s invitation to think about the “puzzle” and the “promise” of human dignity, but from a different perspective. In particular, I want to consider whether any negative implications of adopting a conception of human dignity that encompasses the elderly offender who is sentenced to die in prison can be rationalized within the broader constitutional framework. My suggestion is that the tension relating to the “young” and “elderly” offenders may be better addressed by focusing on the role of section 1 of the Charter. While that provision received negligible mention in Bissonnette, it may be used to justify sentencing elderly offenders to effectively die in prison for heinous crimes like murder because any other approach would fail to adequately deter others, who are similarly situated, from committing such crimes. As I explain, this framework falls back on early recognition by the Supreme Court that utilitarian arguments for increasing punishment are properly considered as justifications, under section 1, for imposing what are otherwise “cruel and unusual treatments or punishments.”
Research Trends in Communicative Language Teaching: A Bibliometric Analysis from 2014 to 2023
Authors: Liu Hongqiao , Jin Jing
Published: October 2024

Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) is an approach to language education that prioritizes communication as the core of language learning. Since its emergence in the 1970s, it has garnered significant attention from linguists and language educators. This study aims to reveal the current status and trends of CLT-related research, thereby contributing to its ongoing development. Through a bibliometric analysis using the RStudio Biblioshiny tool, 649 documents on CLT from the Web of Science Core Collection, spanning from 2013 to 2024 were examined. Various aspects such as the number of publications, publication venues, corresponding authors' countries, the most cited documents, and frequently explored topics were analyzed. The findings suggest avenues for further exploration, including the interdisciplinary development of CLT, its application in languages beyond English, and the exploration of more practical variants of the CLT method in the future.
A Retrospective Herb-Drug Interaction Study of Oryeong-san (Wuling-san) Co-administration in Type 2 Diabetes Patients Receiving Hypoglycemic Treatment
Authors: Song Mee-ryoung , Jung Woo-nyoung , Yoo Yeon-joo , Lee Min-seong , Ahn Young-min , Ahn Se-young , Lee Byung-cheol
Published: October 2024

Objectives: This study investigated the effects of Korean medicine Oryeong-san (五苓散) on blood glucose levels and evaluated its safety in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods: A total of 87 patients aged 19 years and older, hospitalized for at least three days at the Kyung Hee University Korean Medical Hospital from January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2023 and continuously consumed Oryeong-san for a minimum of three days, were included. Their clinical characteristics and laboratory tests were reviewed retrospectively. The effects of Oryeong-san on fasting (FBS) and 2-hour postprandial (PP2) blood glucose were assessed by comparing the averages of measurements taken before and after the treatment. To evaluate the safety of the herbal extract, liver function test and kidney function test results were compared, including aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).Results: The average duration of Oryeong-san consumption was 17.71±26.82 days. Although the FBS decreased and the PP2 slightly increased, these changes were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Safety assessments showed that the average levels of AST decreased, while the level of ALT increased, without statistical significance. The BUN levels also significantly decreased, while Cr and eGFR levels remained stable.Conclusion: This study indicates that Oryeong-san is safe for use in type 2 diabetes patients without significant impact on blood glucose and that it has a positive safety profile.
A Review of Herbal Medicine Treatments on Aftereffects of Thyroidectomy
Authors: Kim Soo-duk , Seo Min-jo , Park Su-na , Jo Hye-ri , Ryu So-hyeon , Kong Geon-sik , Choi Yo-sup
Published: October 2024

Objectives: This study summarizes the current trends and results in clinical studies on herbal medicine treatments after thyroidectomy.Methods: Studies published between 2019 and 2024 were searched for on the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), PubMed, and Research Information Sharing Service (RISS). The studies were analyzed according to year, study design, characteristics of the patients, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) intervention. A meta-analysis was conducted and classified according to the outcome measurements, such as the total effective rate (TER), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), free T4 (FT4), self-rating depression scale (SDS), CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+.Results: A total of 18 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 5 non-randomized controlled trials were reviewed. The most common herbal prescriptions were decoctions made from Yangyin Sanjie (Yangeumsangyeol-tang), Yiqi Sanjie (Ikgisangyeol-tang), Yiqi Yangyin Sanjie (Ikgiyangeumsangyeol-tang), Yiqi Yangyin (Ikgiyangeum-tang), and Huiyan Zhuyu (Hoeyeomchugeo-tang). The most frequently used herbs were Prunellae Spica, Scrophulariae Radix, and Astragali Radix. The meta-analysis found that the group using both herbal and Western medicine was benefited more than the group using Western medicine alone (RR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.20-1.37, P<0.00001). The experimental group had higher TSH, CD3+, and CD4+ levels, while FT4, SDS, and CD8+ were lower. However, due to high study heterogeneity, the results were not statistically significant.Conclusion: Complications after thyroidectomy include hypothyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, and psychological aftereffects. Herbal and conventional treatments showed potential in improving hormone levels, immune function, and depression, but statistical significance was limited due to study variability. These results should be interpreted cautiously given the risk of bias in the trials.
TRATAMENTO ENDODÔNTICO CONVENCIONAL: Relato de caso clínico
Authors: Vaz Júlia Nascimento Nogueira , Rosa Karoline Pereira , Barros Dalila Viviane de
Published: October 2024

Endodontic therapy aims to decontaminate the root canals due to extrinsic and intrinsic factors, thus contributing to the health of the stomatognathic system. This work aims to report a case of endodontic treatment performed in an undergraduate, clinic using conventional instrumentation techniques. The patient selected for the case required intervention on tooth number 12, as it presented pulp necrosis and an extensive periapical lesion. The conventional technique, with properly performed manual instrumentation, significantly reduced the periapical lesion and kept the patient asymptomatic. The authors support, through literature, that despite the existence of innovative techniques today, a properly performed classical manual intervention yields favorable clinical and radiographic outcomes. Finally, the work highlights the importance of regular follow-up for patients undergoing endodontic therapy, ensuring the success of the treatment.
Simulation of stainless ferritic-martensitic and austenitic steel hardening after irradiation in ion accelerator. Part 2. Development of a methodology for determining	the ion mode irradiation of austenitic steels
Authors: Margolin B. Z. , Sorokin A. A. , Belyaeva L. A.
Published: October 2024

A methodology for determining the irradiation mode for ferritic-martensitic steels at ion accelerator has been developed and experimentally substantiated, providing radiation hardening of these steels, identical to that realized under neutron irradiation. The change in Vickers microhardness is used as a measure of radiation hardening. The paper presents the results of a study of radiation-induced changes in the microhardness of austenitic steels 08Kh18Н10Т and 08Kh16Н20М2Т irradiated in reactors SM-3, VVER-440, BOR-60, SM-3 + BOR-60 to damaging doses of 10.2–33.7 dpa in the interval of temperatures 60–500°C. A study of radiation-induced changes in microhardness in a wider range of irradiation temperatures, post-irradiation annealing of irradiated steels was carried out in the range from 400 to 600°C, simulating irradiation at temperatures equal to annealing temperatures. Data are presented on radiation-induced changes in microhardness after irradiation in the ion accelerator of the State Scientific Center of the Russian Federation – Institute for Physics and Power Engineering named after A.I. Leypunsky (IPPE) with Ni+4 ions and He+ ions up to concentrations of 0–7 appm/dpa at damaging doses of 13–30 dpa and temperatures of 300–650°. A transition function has been established that connects the irradiation of temperatures during neutron and ion irradiation at a given damaging dose, ensuring the same radiation hardening of austenitic steels.
Influence of the Y3Al5O12 on the structure formation and properties of ceramics of the Al2O3 – Y2O3 system
Authors: Maletsky A. V. , Volkova G. K. , Konstantinova T. E. , Belichko D. R. , Nosolev I. K. , Doroshkevich A. S. , Mezentseva Zh. V. , Oksengendler B. L. , Teofilović V. , Ersceg T. , Ristić I.
Published: October 2024

The paper presents results of the study of the structure and physico-mechanical properties of ceramics composits α-Al2O3 + n Y2O3 (n = 0; 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2; 3; 4; 5 wt.%) based on the basis of polymorphic modifications γ+θ-Al2O3 depending on the concentration of the Y2O3 doping impurity and the annealing temperature of the powder mixtures (800 and 900°C). The effect of mutual protection against crystallization was discovered, which results in mutual inhibition of crystallization processes in Al2O3–Y2O3 powder systems. By X-ray diffraction analysis, the formation of a phase of yttrium-aluminum garnet Y3Al5O12 (YAG) in ceramics has been established. The dependence of the mechanical characteristics of the materials under study on the amount and size of the formed phase YAG has been revealed.
Nanostructure of galvanic Ni–W coatings annealed at different temperatures
Authors: Krasikov A. V. , Merkulova M. V. , Mikhailov M. S. , Petrov S. N.
Published: October 2024

Transmission electron microscopy was used to study crystallization during heat treatment of intermetallic phases in a coating of the Ni–W system with 44 wt.% tungsten. Amorphous in the initial state, the coating crystallizes by various mechanisms depending on temperature. The structure of the resulting coatings is close to the structure of classical composite electrochemical coatings. The study of the structure of coatings annealed under various conditions made it possible to establish heat treatment modes for the formation of a structure that provides maximum microhardness.
El Imperio romano y el derecho tributario las causas de la caída del Imperio romano = The Roman Empire and tax law. The causes of the fall of the Roman Empire
Authors: Cozzo Villafañe Patricia A.
Published: October 2024

En el presente trabajo procuro ver la influencia de los tributos durante el tiempo del Imperio romano.  Como se aplicaban los tributos a los reinos conquistados sin tener en cuenta la capacidad contributiva de las personas. Como fue la evolución de los mismos a lo largo de la historia y hasta llegar a los tiempos del cristianismo y la reforma tributaria de Dioclesiano. Como influyo este sistema impositivo en la caída del Impero romano.
ABSTRACT:  In the present work I try to see the influence of the tributes during the time of the Roman Empire. How taxes were applied to the conquered kingdoms without taking into account the taxpaying capacity of the people. How was their evolution throughout history and until reaching the times of Christianity and the tax reform of Diocletian. How did this tax system influence the fall of the Roman Empire
A via de administração de nimodipino em desfechos da Hemorragia Subaracnóidea Aneurismática - Uma coorte retrospectiva
Authors: Chiomento da Motta Gabriel , Zortea Vanelise , Rodrigues Chagas Gonzatti Janaína , Einsfeld Lidia
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar o papel da via de administração oral ou sonda nasoenteral de Nimodipino no desfecho de vasoespasmo (em 7 e 21 dias) em pacientes internados com hemorragia subaracnóidea aneurismática (HSA), além de analisar a incidência de mortalidade nesta população. Métodos: O estudo tem delineamento de coorte retrospectiva, com dados coletados em um hospital universitário de alta complexidade de Porto Alegre. O período analisado foi janeiro de 2019 e janeiro de 2023. Foram incluídos pacientes maiores de 18 anos, com diagnóstico de HSA e que realizaram, no mínimo, 7 dias de tratamento com nimodipino internados. Resultados: Um total de 121 pacientes foram incluídos no estudo, divididos entre: 59 pacientes que utilizaram o medicamento via oral e 62 que utilizaram via sonda nasoenteral, foi identificado potencial impacto do uso da via de administração (sonda nasoenteral) no aumento da incidência corrigida de vasoespasmo em 7 dias (RR=2,35; IC 95%: 1,01 - 5,46), em 21 dias (RR=2,40; IC 95%: 1,05 - 5,46) e também como fator possível para aumento da mortalidade corrigida (RR=5,74; IC 95%: 2,10 - 15,65). Conclusões: Esse é primeiro estudo dessa natureza, no contexto brasileiro ou latinoamericano, em que se comprova com dados de desfechos clínicos o impacto da via de administração de nimodipino no desfecho de vasoespasmo e mortalidade em pacientes com HSA. Os achados indicam fatores a serem considerados na prática clínica para desfechos de pacientes e demonstram a necessidade de estudos que correlacionam farmacocinética e os desfechos para concluir a questão.
STRATEGI DINAS PENANAMAN MODAL DAN PELAYANAN TERPADU SATU PINTU DALAM MENINGKATKAN INVESTASI KABUPATEN BINTAN
Authors: Lestari Seli , Nazaki Nazaki , Putra Ardi
Published: October 2024

Pemerintah memiliki peran untuk memfasilitasi perkembangan penanaman modal, salah satunya peran pemerintah daerah. Hal tersebut tidak lepas dari peran Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu untuk terus membuat strategi melalui program-program baru untuk meningkatkan pelayanan perizinan dan penanaman modal. Maka dari itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana strategi Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu dalam meningkatkan investasi di Kabupaten Bintan. Peneliti menggunakan metode kualitatif. Adapun subjek dari penelitian ini yaitu kepala Dinas dan Kepala Bidang Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Kabupaten Bintan serta pihak investor atau pengusaha di Kabupaten Bintan. Peneliti menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara serta dokumentasi. Hasil dari penelitian yaitu strategi DPMPSTPS untuk meningkatkan invetasi. Pertama perumusan strategi melalui visi misi yang tercantum dalam Renstra. Kedua Implementasi strategi melalui program-program DPMPTSP Kabupaten Bintan yaitu: Program Pengembangan Penanaman Modal, Program Promosi Penanaman Modal, Program Pelayanan Penanaman Modal, Program Pengendalian Pelaksanaan Penanaman Modal dan Program Pengelolaan Data dan Sistem Informasi Penanaman Modal. Terakhir Evaluasi Strategi berupa evaluasi kinerja untuk program yang telah terlaksana. Adapun kendala yang masih Dinas Penanaman Modal dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu rasakan saat ini yaitu masih adanya ketimpangan peraturan dengan pemerintah pusat.