bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análise quantitativa sobre a mortalidade precoce de micro e pequenas empresas da cidade de São Paulo
Authors: Ferreira Luis Fernando Filardi , Oliva Fábio Lotti , Santos Silvio Aparecido dos , Grisi Celso Cláudio de Hildebrand e , Lima Afonso Carneiro
Published: January 2013

O vigor da economia de vários países tem origem no sucesso de pequenas empresas. No Brasil, o Estado de São Paulo concentra mais da metade das empresas brasileiras de pequeno porte. Assim sendo, estudos sobre o sucesso ou o insucesso de micro e pequenas empresas têm sua relevância enaltecida. Este estudo busca apresentar uma análise quantitativa e qualitativa sobre os fatores associados à mortalidade precoce das micro e pequenas empresas. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa com os gestores de micro e pequenas empresas da cidade de São Paulo que encerraram suas atividades. Para análise quantitativa da amostra, que apresenta representatividade estatística, utilizou-se de técnicas de análise multivariada. Como principal resultado, pode-se destacar que os fatores associados à mortalidade são preponderantemente de natureza estratégica, o que contraria o senso comum que professa a insuficiência de recursos como principal motivador da falência das pequenas empresas. Tal resultado tem importância para orientar as políticas públicas, os empreendedores e as agências de fomento para a formulação de suas estratégias no sentido do desenvolvimento de competências administrativas para o sucesso das micro e pequenas empresas brasileiras.
Do prescrito ao real: a gestão individual e coletiva dos trabalhadores de enfermagem frente ao risco de acidente de trabalho
Authors: Mendes Davidson Passos , Oliveira Mariana Muniz de , Matos Virgínia Gonçalves de , Mazoni Marcela Borja , Moraes Geraldo Fabiano de Souza
Published: January 2013

Esse artigo tem por objetivo levantar os constrangimentos enfrentados pelos auxiliares e técnicos de enfermagem (AeTE) de uma instituição pediátrica, vinculada a uma fundação estatal, em sua atividade de trabalho e identificar estratégias utilizadas por eles que garantam as metas de produção, a satisfação do trabalhador e a sua autoproteção contra os acidentes de trabalho. Por meio do método da AET, foram utilizados para análise e coleta de dados 34 trabalhadores de enfermagem - nível médio e técnico -, entre efetivos e contratados e, observadas as estratégias de ação e regulação destes trabalhadores frente às interfaces com que lidam. Os resultados mostram que entre os constrangimentos levantados nesta Instituição, os mais evidentes são: a dupla jornada de trabalho, a diversidade de vínculos empregatícios, os riscos a que estes profissionais estão expostos e o não conhecimento do objeto de trabalho. Verifica-se que esses constrangimentos ocasionam uma elevação das cargas de trabalho física, psíquica e cognitiva. Visando reduzir essas cargas de trabalho, o trabalhador tenta criar estratégias que são adquiridas por meio da vivência com o trabalho, das experiências e valores, para se regular frente ao risco no trabalho.
Aspectos conceituais do perdão no campo da Psicologia
Authors: Santana Rodrigo Gomes , Lopes Renata Ferrarez Fernandes
Published: January 2013

Como a Psicologia é uma ciência relativamente nova, o interesse pelo estudo do perdão nessa área do conhecimento também é recente. Trabalhos mais sistemáticos surgiram apenas na década de 80, ainda fora do País, enquanto aqui, aparecem somente no início dos anos 2000. Considerando a recenticidade da produção científica relativa ao perdão em território nacional, este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma revisão de literatura abordando os aspectos conceituais do perdão no campo da Psicologia. Tendo em vista ser comum nas publicações sobre perdão o cuidado dos pesquisadores em definir e esclarecer como compreendem esse construto - sempre enfatizando que o modo como é compreendido tem implicações importantes na maneira como o estudam - um trabalho que trate dessas questões conceituais se mostra relevante para aqueles que estão envolvidos com pesquisas relativas ao tema em nosso país. O texto está estruturado em quatro partes, começando por uma breve apresentação de aspectos históricos relativos aos estudos sobre o perdão. Em seguida, são apresentados os principais pontos de divergência que envolvem a conceituação sobre o perdão. Após isso, são elencadas as principais definições propostas pelos estudiosos do tema, seguidas das considerações finais.
Objeto de discurso e tópico discursivo: sistematizando relações
Authors: Pinheiro Clemilton Lopes
Published: January 2013

A relação entre processos de referenciação e progressão tópica tem sido alvo de discussões de muitos trabalhos de pesquisadores brasileiros da área de estudos do texto e do discurso. Este trabalho se insere nesse contexto e pretende retomar a questão. Meu objetivo é discutir a relação entre objeto de discurso e tópico discursivo, dentro do contexto mais amplo da relação entre processos de referenciação e progressão tópica, apenas tangenciada em trabalhos anteriores, e, a partir daí propor alguma sistematização. Inicialmente, retomo e contextualizo as duas noções, depois discuto as tentativas de explicação da relação entre elas, nos estudos linguísticos brasileiros, e, finalmente, apresento uma proposta de sistematização.
Valores de referência da pressão inspiratória nasal em indivíduos saudáveis no Brasil: estudo multicêntrico
Authors: Araújo Palomma Russelly Saldanha , Resqueti Vanessa Regiane , Nascimento Jr Jasiel , Carvalho Larissa de Andrade , Cavalcanti Ana Gabriela Leal , Silva Viviane Cerezer , Silva Ester , Moreno Marlene Aparecida , Andrade Arméle de Fátima Dornelas de , Fregonezi Guilherme Augusto de Freitas
Published: January 2013

OBJETIVO: Os objetivos do presente estudo foram determinar equações de referência para pressão inspiratória nasal (PIN) e propor equações de referência para a população brasileira. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 243 indivíduos saudáveis (111 homens e 132 mulheres), entre 20 e 80 anos, com CVF > 80% e razão VEF1/CVF > 85% do predito. Todos os indivíduos realizaram testes de força muscular respiratória para a determinação de PIN, PImáx e PEmáx. RESULTADOS: Os valores da PIN foram maiores no sexo masculino que no feminino (p < 0,05), e a PIN apresentou correlação negativa com a idade para homens (r = -0,29; p < 0,001) e mulheres (r = -0,33; p < 0,0001). A análise de regressão linear múltipla também revelou que a idade permaneceu exercendo influência na predição da PIN em homens (R² = 0,09) e mulheres (R² = 0,10). Os valores preditos da PIN encontrados foram superiores àqueles obtidos em outras populações. CONCLUSÕES: Nesse contexto, sugerem-se equações preditivas para PIN em indivíduos brasileiros saudáveis na faixa etária entre 20 e 80 anos, com o intuito de minimizar discrepâncias diagnósticas ao comparar indivíduos.
Recondicionamento pulmonar ex vivo: uma nova era para o transplante pulmonar
Authors: Mariani Alessandro Wasum , Pêgo-Fernandes Paulo Manuel , Abdalla Luis Gustavo , Jatene Fabio Biscegli
Published: January 2013

O transplante pulmonar consolidou-se como a melhor opção terapêutica para diversas pneumopatias terminais. O baixo número de doadores viáveis ainda persiste como uma grande limitação ao aumento do número de transplantes de pulmão, causando alta mortalidade na lista de espera. Diferentemente do transplante de outros órgãos sólidos, a maior limitação do transplante pulmonar não é o número absoluto de doadores e sim a viabilidade desses órgãos, que é reduzida devido às agressões ao pulmão ocasionadas pela morte encefálica e aos cuidados na UTI. Diversas são as propostas para o aumento do número de doadores: intensificação das campanhas de doação, o uso de doadores com coração parado, transplante pulmonar lobar intervivos e maior flexibilidade dos critérios para aceitação de doadores de pulmão. Todavia, a proposta que atrai a atenção de diversos grupos de transplante pulmonar é a perfusão pulmonar ex vivo, principalmente pela perspectiva de recuperação de pulmões inicialmente descartados. Esse sistema consiste na reperfusão e ventilação do bloco pulmonar isolado em um circuito de circulação extracorpórea modificado. Devido aos bons resultados apresentados e à perspectiva de aumento no número de órgãos aptos a transplante, diversos grupos têm estudado a técnica. Pesquisadores na Suécia, Canadá, Áustria, Inglaterra, Espanha e Brasil já possuem experiência sólida com o método e introduziram algumas variações. O objetivo deste artigo foi revisar o desenvolvimento, o estado da arte e as perspectivas futuras do modelo ex vivo de perfusão e recondicionamento pulmonar.
Efeito anti-inflamatório dos macrolídeos em doenças pulmonares da infância
Authors: Luisi Fernanda , Gandolfi Thays Dornelles , Daudt Arthur Dondonis , Sanvitto João Pedro Zelmanowicz , Pitrez Paulo Márcio , Pinto Leonardo Araujo
Published: January 2013

Os macrolídeos são fármacos com efeitos antimicrobianos especialmente contra patógenos intracelulares. Vários estudos têm demonstrado possíveis efeitos anti-inflamatórios dos macrolídeos. Esses medicamentos inibem a produção de algumas interleucinas e podem reduzir a inflamação neutrofílica pulmonar. Ensaios clínicos têm demonstrado efeitos benéficos dos macrolídeos em diversas doenças pulmonares crônicas. O objetivo deste estudo foi revisar os dados recentes da literatura médica sobre os efeitos anti-inflamatórios dos macrolídeos nas doenças respiratórias da infância, através da pesquisa da base de dados Medline (PubMed) dos seguintes termos em inglês: "macrolide and cystic fibrosis"; "macrolide and asthma"; "macrolide and bronchiolitis obliterans"; e "macrolide and acute bronchiolitis" Foram selecionados artigos publicados em revistas científicas internacionais entre 2001 e 2012. Estudos clínicos e evidências in vitro comprovam o efeito anti-inflamatório dos macrolídeos em doenças respiratórias. Alguns ensaios clínicos demonstram benefícios na administração de macrolídeos em pacientes com fibrose cística; porém, o risco de resistência bacteriana deve ser considerado na análise desses benefícios. Tais benefícios são controversos em outras doenças respiratórias, e seu uso rotineiro não está indicado. Mais estudos clínicos controlados são necessários para avaliar a eficácia desses medicamentos como anti-inflamatórios. Dessa forma, poderemos definir melhor os benefícios dos macrolídeos no tratamento de cada uma das situações clínicas especificadas.
Endometriose pleural: achados na ressonância magnética
Authors: Marchiori Edson , Zanetti Gláucia , Rodrigues Rosana Souza , Souza Luciana Soares , Souza Jr Arthur Soares , Francisco Flávia Angélica Ferreira , Hochhegger Bruno
Published: January 2013

A endometriose é uma doença ginecológica benigna associada à dor pélvica e infertilidade que afeta principalmente mulheres em idade reprodutiva. A endometriose torácica afeta o parênquima pulmonar ou a pleura. Relatamos os casos de duas pacientes com endometriose pleural que apresentaram pneumotórax recorrente. Em ambos os casos, a ressonância magnética de tórax mostrou hidropneumotórax à direita e nódulos redondos, bem definidos, na superfície pleural à direita. A ressonância magnética é uma boa opção para a caracterização dos nódulos de endometriose pleural e de derrame pleural hemorrágico.
El aborto en las trayectorias de mujeres y varones de la ciudad de Buenos Aires
Authors: Petracci Mónica , Pecheny Mario , Mattioli Marina , Capriati Alejandro
Published: January 2013

Sobre la base de entrevistas a treinta mujeres y treinta varones, residentes en el área metropolitana de Buenos Aires, acerca de sus experiencias de aborto, se reconstruyen trayectorias en las que el aborto constituye un hito. Se concluye que la ilegalidad no influye en la decisión de interrumpir un embarazo, sino en las condiciones diferenciales de su práctica clandestina; que las huellas del aborto marcan diferencialmente a las mujeres, en cuyo cuerpo es practicado, que a los varones, participantes secundarios del proceso, aunque las huellas sean perdurables tanto en mujeres como en varones. Asimismo, se muestra que en las mujeres pobres, al primer embarazo sigue un nacimiento y luego un aborto; que en las clases medias, al primer embarazo sigue el aborto y luego los hijos; y que la eventualidad de interrumpir el embarazo no se plantea sólo en situaciones excepcionales sino que forma parte del proceso desencadenado por la sospecha de un embarazo.
Future ecological studies of Brazilian headwater streams under global-changes
Authors: Callisto Marcos , Melo Adriano Sanches , Baptista Darcilio Fernandes , Gonçalves Junior José Francisco , Graça Manuel Augusto Simões , Augusto Fernanda Gaudio
Published: January 2013

This paper results from discussions triggered during the "Stream Ecology Symposium" that took place at the XIII Congress of the Brazilian Society of Limnology in September of 2011 in Natal, Brazil. Based on our experiences, we have raised several questions regarding ecological studies of headwater streams facing threats under global-changes and proposed numerous subjects to be addressed in future studies in Brazil. These studies deal with the necessity of knowing species biology and the elaboration of models to assess changes (which implies the availability of time-series or large-scale data sets); the ecology of riparian zones and the interchange of materials and energy across the land-water boundaries; forest conversions and standardized sampling strategies and data treatment to assess global change.
Are sugarcane leaf-detritus well colonized by aquatic macroinvertebrates?
Authors: Leite-Rossi Luciene Aparecida , Trivinho-Strixino Susana
Published: January 2013

AIM: The aim was to compare the kinetics of decomposition and the colonization of leaf litter of two plant species, the native Talauma ovata (pinha-do-brejo) and the exotic Saccharum officinarum (sugarcane), by aquatic macroinvertebrates; METHODS: From each substrate, three recipients of colonization were taken from a stream, and the specimens identified to the lowest taxonomic level on days 7, 15, 34, 44, 61 and 75. The debris was weighed at the beginning and end of the experiment and determined their cell wall fractions; RESULTS: The coefficients of mineralization indicated higher velocity decay of organic matter refractory in T. ovata. There was no difference in taxonomic structure of macroinvertebrates, between the two substrates, but the community exhibited distinct functional feeding groups in the peak of colonization, with a greater number of shredders in T. ovata. The successive states of decomposition of the two plant detritus showed distinct macroinvertebrate densities; CONCLUSIONS: The amount and state of the plant biomass were important factors influencing the density and diversity of the macroinvertebrate fauna throughout the process of organic decomposition.
Synopsis of the Strophariaceae (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) from Floresta Nacional de São Francisco de Paula, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil
Authors: Silva Paula Santos da , Cortez Vagner Gularte , Silveira Rosa Mara Borges da
Published: January 2013

In a survey of the Strophariaceae from a natural reserve at Southern Brazil, a total of 16 species were studied: Deconica coprophila, D. horizontalis, Hypholoma ericaeum, H. subviride, Leratiomyces ceres, Pholiota limonella, P. spumosa, Psilocybe caeruleoannulata, P. wrightii, P. zapotecorum, Stropharia acanthocystis, S. agaricoides, S. araucariae, S. earlei, S. rugosoannulata and S. venusta. Full descriptions and illustrations on Pholiota limonella and Psilocybe zapotecorum are presented due to a lack of the detailed description for the State of Rio Grande do Sul.
Caesalpinieae (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae) do Campo Experimental da Embrapa Amazônia Oriental, Município de Moju, PA, Brasil
Authors: Rodrigues Maira dos Santos , Martins-da-Silva Regina Célia , Secco Ricardo de Souza
Published: January 2013

Em levantamento das Strophariaceae de uma reserva natural no sul do Brasil, 16 espécies foram encontradas: Deconica coprophila, D. horizontalis, Hypholoma ericaeum, H. subviride, Leratiomyces ceres,Pholiota limonella, P. spumosa, Psilocybe caeruleoannulata, P. wrightii, P. zapotecorum, Stropharia acanthocystis, S. agaricoides, S. araucariae, S. earlei, S. rugosoannulata e S. venusta. Descrições e ilustrações de Pholiota limonella e Psilocybe zapotecorum são apresentadas, pois não existem descrições detalhadas dessas espécies no Rio Grande do Sul.
An Assessment of Pulse Transit Time For Detecting Heavy Blood Loss During Surgical Operation
Authors: Wang Chien-Hao , Lu Cheng-Wei , Lin Tzu-Yu , Abbod Maysam F , Shieh Jiann-Shing
Published: January 2013

The main contribution of this paper is the use of non-invasive measurements such as electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmographic (PPG) pulse oximetry waveforms to develop a new physiological signal analysis technique for detecting blood loss during surgical operation. Urological surgery cases were considered as the control group due to its generality, and cardiac surgery as experimental group since it involves blood loss and water supply. Results show that the control group has the tendency of a reduction of the pulse transient time (PTT), and this indicates an increment in the blood flow velocity changes from slow to fast. While for the experimental group, the PTT indicates high values during blood loss, and low values during water supply. Statistical analysis shows considerable differences (i.e., P <0.05) between both groups leading to the conclusion that PTT could be a good indicator for monitoring patients' blood loss during a surgical operation.
Comments by the Auditing Standards Committee of the Auditing Section of the American Accounting Association on the IESBA Proposal, Responding to a Suspected Illegal Act
Authors: Curtis Mary B. , Pany Kurt J. , Pevzner Mikhail , Robertson Jesse C. , Zhang Jian
Published: January 2013

Recently, the International Ethics Standards Board for Accountants (IESBA) solicited public comments on their proposal to revise their standard of reporting on suspected illegal acts. This commentary summarizes the contributors' views on the various alternatives proposed in the IESBA proposal entitled, Responding to a Suspected Illegal Act. The exposure draft (which invited comments through December 15, 2012) can be found at http://www.ifac.org/sites/default/files/publications/files/IESBA-Code-of-Ethics-Illegal-Acts-Exposure-Draft.pdf. Our comments submitted to the IESBA appear below.
Detection of Financial Statement Fraud Using Evolutionary Algorithms
Authors: Alden Matthew E. , Bryan Daniel M. , Lessley Brenton J. , Tripathy Arindam
Published: January 2013

In this paper, we use a Genetic Algorithm (GA) and MARLEDA—a modern Estimation of Distribution Algorithm (EDA)—to evolve and train several fuzzy rule-based classifiers (FRBCs) to detect patterns of financial statement fraud. We find that both GA and MARLEDA demonstrate a better ability to classify unseen corporate data observations than those of a traditional logistic regression model, and provide validity for detecting financial statement fraud with Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) and FRBCs. Using ten-fold cross-validation, the GA and MARLEDA yield average training classification accuracy rates of 75.47 percent and 74.26 percent, respectively, and average validation accuracy rates of 63.75 percent and 64.46 percent, respectively.
Prenatal and Pathologic Features of Aorto-Left Ventricular Tunnel Causing Fetal Hydrops and Intrauterine Demise
Authors: Terry Jefferson , Tapas Mondal , Nowaczyk Malgorzata J.M.
Published: January 2013

Aorto-left ventricular tunnel (ALVT) is a rare congenital heart anomaly of unclear pathogenesis causing left ventricular volume overload. Most descriptions are from surgical corrections in the neonatal and infantile period, and little is known about ALVT in utero. Here we describe a case of ALVT ending in intrauterine demise with fetal hydrops at 30 weeks gestational age. Prior echocardiography showed features suggesting the presence of an ALVT, and an ALVT circumventing the left coronary leaflet of the aortic valve was confirmed at autopsy. Marked cardiomegaly and dilatation were present along with diffuse myocardial infarction. Other potential causes of fetal hydrops were not found, and genetic analysis, including analysis for RAS pathway mutations, did not reveal any detectable abnormalities. The presentation as intrauterine demise suggests that the architecture of this ALVT compromises cardiac function to a greater degree than the more typical defects discovered in the neonatal period.
Distribution and growth of brown trout in pristine headwaters of Central Europe
Authors: Závorka Libor , Horký Pavel , Slavík Ondřej
Published: January 2013

The majority of stream-dwelling salmonid populations in Europe are affected by artificial stocking and the fragmentation of riverine ecosystems. The present study was performed in the unique pristine headwaters of the Otava River in the Elbe catchment area of the Czech Republic. The aim was to investigate the spatial distribution and individual growth pattern of brown trout, Salmo trutta, populations. Twenty sites in two main streams and their tributaries were sampled twice a year (spring and autumn) during the period 2005–2011. The sampling sites were grouped into fourteen so-called synchronised population units within the boundaries of three populations, according to analyses of synchrony in population abundance. The individual growth of juveniles (age-0, age-1) varied between all three spatial units (sampling sites, synchronised population units and populations), while the individual growth of adults (age-2 and older) did not. The distinctiveness regarding individual growth and demographic independence among the synchronised population units and populations indicates their suitability for use as population units for management purposes.
Role of cell surface hydrophobicity in Candida albicans biofilm
Authors: Bujdáková Helena , Didiášová Miroslava , Drahovská Hana , Černáková Lucia
Published: January 2013

Overall cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) is predicted to play an important role during biofilm formation in Candida albicans but is the result of many expressed proteins. This study compares the CSH status and CSH1 gene expression in C. albicans planktonic cells, sessile biofilm, and dispersal cells. Greater percentages of hydrophobic cells were found in non-adhered (1.5 h) and dispersal forms (24 or 48 h) (41.34±4.17% and 39.52±7.45%, respectively), compared with overnight planktonic cultures (21.69±3.60%). Results from quantitative real-time PCR confirmed greater up-regulation of the CSH1 gene in sessile biofilm compared with both planktonic culture and dispersal cells. Up-regulation was also greater in dispersal cells compared with planktonic culture. The markedly increased CSH found both in C. albicans biofilm, and in cells released during biofilm formation could provide an advantage to dispersing cells building new biofilm.
Block-based motion estimation algorithms — a survey
Authors: Jakubowski M. , Pastuszak G.
Published: January 2013

In the multi-view video coding, both temporal and inter-view redundancies can be exploited by using standard block-based motion estimation (BBME) technique. In this paper, an extensive review of BBME algorithms proposed within the last three decades is presented. Algorithms are divided into five categories: 1) based on the search position number reduction; 2) multiresolution; 3) based on the simplification of matching criterion; 4) fast full search; 5) computation-aware. Algorithms are compared in terms of their efficiency and computational complexity.
Influences of the selected additives on the weight loss and organoleptic properties of marinated mussels and squids
Authors: Guldas Metin , Hecer Canan
Published: January 2013

Effects of seven different solutions prepared from various additives (carrageenan, konjac flour, phosphate, yeast extract, xanthan gum and maltodextrin) were used to test for the first time in the marination of experimental seafood. The additives were added into the marination solutions and the samples were analyzed before and after marination. Statistically, the experimental solutions did not cause significant changes in pH, acidity and salt content of the samples (P < 0.05). The highest weight gains were obtained from the solution which contained 0.1% of konjac flour (E425 I) as 4.01, 5.21, 4.61 and 4.88 % in the mussels, big squids, diced squids and small squids, respectively. However, this solution was not preferred by the panellists because of its sticky texture. Inversely to red meat products, the solution containing phosphate caused weight loss during marination. The results indicate that the solution containing 0.2% carrageenan LM (low methoxyl) was the best solution in the marination process. Dipping into this solution caused weight gains of 4.69, 2.98, 4.04 and 2.78% in the big squids, the mussels, the small squids and the diced squids, respectively (P < 0.01). The organoleptic properties (mouth feel, flavour and softness) of mussels and squids were also improved by carrageenan LM addition.
Myoelectric activity of the muscular layer of the abdominal aorta in pigs in vivo
Authors: Czerski Albert , Gnus Jan , Hauzer Willy , Ratajczak Kornel , Zawadzki Wojciech , Witkiewicz Wojciech , Ferenc Stanisław , Rusiecka Agnieszka , Janeczek Maciej
Published: January 2013

The study was conducted on 5 pigs weighing 20–30 kg. Bipolar electrodes were surgically implanted into the muscular layer of the vascular smooth muscle cell of the abdominal aorta just below the renal arteries. Myoelectric activity characterized by the appearance of changes of membrane potential was found. Changes of potential could be divided according to the amplitude, duration and frequency into first-, second- and third-order waves. First-order waves appeared with a mean frequency of 128 ± 14/min. The mean wave amplitude was 0.150 ± 0.03 mV, and the mean duration was 0.43 ± 0.05 s. They were closely correlated with the electrocardiogram and blood pressure changes. Second-order waves appeared with a mean frequency of 15.9 ± 4.4/min. They were characterized by a mean duration of 2.69 ± 1.5 s. The mean amplitude of the discharge was 0.205 ± 0.157 mV for the second-order wave, they were correlated with the animal’s respiratory action. Third-order waves appeared with a mean frequency of 4.03 ± 1.07/ min. They were characterized by a mean duration of 11.81 ± 5.3 s. The mean amplitude of the discharge was 0.345 ± 0.232 mV for the third-order wave and they were associated with the autonomic control of the lumen of the blood vessel. For the first time the usefulness of the electromyography method in monitoring changes in the vascular smooth muscle cell of pig abdominal aorta was proved.
Determination of fluoride in spices using microwave induced oxygen combustion
Authors: Šucman Emanuel , Bednář Jiří
Published: January 2013

Fluorine is essential in human and/or animal nutrition; therefore, so it is important to know its concentration in a diet. One of the possible sources of fluorine for humans is spice, containing various amounts of this trace element. This work describes the method for fluoride determination in various kinds ofspices using microwave-supported sample preparation in high pressure oxygen atmosphere followed by potentiometry with a fluoride ion-selective electrode. Parameters of the microwave device for combustion procedure were checked and optimized in order to find settings ensuring complete sample combustion and/or absorption of the analyte in the absorption solution. For the ion-selective electrode measurement, the technique of standard straight line was chosen. Concentrations of fluorides in spices and spice blends under investigation ranged from 3.15 mg·kg-1 to 26.08 mg·kg-1. In order to check the accuracy of the method Certified Reference Material Fluoride in Vegetation NIST 2695 was used and a good agreement between certified and found values was found. The precision expressed as the relative standard deviation ranged from 0.6% to 5.0%. The method is fast, accurate and reliable for this kind of analysis. In recent literature data on fluoride concentrations in spices and/or spice blends have not been found.
Yiddish Theatre beyond Montreal:Die Folkshpielerin Ottawa
Authors: Margolis Rebecca
Published: January 2013

Yiddish theatre in Canada and abroad consists primarily of amateur community groups. One of these groups, Die Folkshpieler (the People’s Players, founded 2002) is housed in Canada’s capital city. Although most of the group’s members and audiences are not fluent Yiddish speakers, these events have come to occupy an important role in the cultural life of the local Jewish community. This study examines the production of Yiddish theatre in Ottawa through the lens of “postvernacular Yiddish,” where the symbolic value of the language exceeds its communicative functions. The performativity of Yiddish theatre allows for participants to engage with a language that resonates deeply with them as well as to explore new parts of themselves. Using interviews with Die Folkshpieler writer-director, Shirley Steinberg, and one of its long-time participants and occasional writer, Rubin Friedman, the study suggests that Yiddish theatre functions as a means of negotiating Canadian Jewish identity.
What Comes First, Being a Playwright or Being a Jew?: Snapshots of Seven Canadian Writers
Authors: Slotkin Lynn
Published: January 2013

Seven Canadian Jewish Playwrights—Daniel Karasik, Hannah Moscovitch, Michael Nathanson, Adam Pettle, Alex Poch-Goldin, Michael Rubenfeld, and Emil Sher—comment on how their being Jewish has informed their work and influenced how they write and what they write about.
Synthesis and Luminescent Properties of Strontium Cerium Oxide Phosphors Doped with Rare Earths
Authors: Nannapaneni P. R. V. , Rao C. A. , Murthy K. V. R.
Published: January 2013

In this paper we report the synthesis and luminescent properties of Sr2CeO4 doped with rare earths (0.5% concentration of  La, Eu and Dy ions) are reported. The powder samples of rare earths doped strontium cerium oxide (Sr2CeO4: La, Eu and Dy ions) was synthesized by a standard solid state reaction method in air at 12000C. These samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and photoluminescence (PL) techniques, particle size analysis. The XRD data revealed that the structure of the Sr2CeO4 as orthorhombic and the calculated average crystallite size is ~10nm. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the Sr2CeO4 phosphor particles had non-spherical shape and the irregular shaped particles are highly agglomerated. PL excitation and emission spectra of Sr2CeO4 doped with rare earths are recorded at room temperature. The CIE coordinates depicted on 1931 chart of Eu (0.5%) doped Sr2CeO4 shown that the emission colour varies from blue to white. This phosphor has a good potential for application in white light LEDs.© 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i1.10965         J. Sci. Res. 5 (1), 1-11 (2013)
Hardfacing of AISI 1020 Steel by Arc Welding in Comparison with TIG Welding Processes
Authors: Pradeep G. R. C. , Ramesh A. , Durga Prasad B.
Published: January 2013

Hardfacing techniques are used for enhancing the life of various machine parts by rebuilding the worn out or eroded or corroded areas in them. In this paper, an attempt has been made to determine the better welding process to hardface AISI 1020 steel based on study of wear and other factors. Two types of welding processes - Arc welding and tungsten inert gas welding (TIG) have been compared. The study revealed that the specimens prepared using TIG welding process yielded better wear properties compared to the specimen prepared using Arc welding process till 1.256 m/s sliding velocity. Also it was observed that the Arc welding process yielded better wear properties for sliding velocities above 1.571 m/s. An attempt was made to study the reasons for getting the said results.© 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i1.11899        J. Sci. Res. 5 (1), 119-126 (2013)
Theoretical investigation on Elastic, Thermodynamic and Optical Properties of Li3P Ionic Conductor
Authors: Hossain M. A. , Islam A. K. M. A.
Published: January 2013

The elastic, thermodynamic and optical properties of Li3P have been studied for the first time using the plane-wave ultrasoft pseudopotential technique which is based on the first-principles density functional theory (DFT) with generalized gradient approximation (GGA). The optimized lattice parameters, independent elastic constants, Youngs modulus E, bulk modulus B, shear modulus G, Cauchys pressure, Pughs ductility index (G/B), and Poissons ratio ? have been calculated and discussed. The temperature and pressure dependence of bulk modulus, Debye temperature, specific heats, and volume thermal expansion coefficient are all obtained through the quasi-harmonic Debye model with phononic effects for T = 0-1000 K and P = 0-35 GPa. The large reflectivity in the ultraviolet energy region between 7  13.4 eV indicates the material to be a good candidate as coating to avoid solar heating.© 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i1.12413        J. Sci. Res. 5 (1), 33-42 (2013)
Evaluation of CKD-EPI and MDRD Prediction Equations for Estimation of GFR in Lean and Obese Bangladeshi Subjects
Authors: Saiedullah M. , Begum S. , Rahman M. R. , Khan M. A. H. , Hayat S. , Kamaluddin S. M. , Shaheen M. A. H.
Published: January 2013

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the filtrate produced by the kidneys in each minute. Chronic kidney disease epidemiology (CKD-EPI) and standardized modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) equations are the commonly used equations to estimate GFR. Evaluation of GFR prediction equations regarding body mass index is not available in Bangladeshi population. In this study we compared estimated GFR (eGFR) with GFR measured by creatinine clearance rate (CCR) in lean and obese Bangladeshi subjects. Measured GFR were 40±21 and 45±22 ml/min/1.73m2 in lean and obese groups, respectively. Compared to measured GFR, estimated GFRs were 7.5 (p<0.0001), 5.2 (p<0.0001) ml/min/1.73m2 higher for CKD-EPI and MDRD four variables (MDRD4) equations in lean group and 6.9 (p<0.0001), 3.2 (p>0.05) ml/min/1.73 m2 higher for CKD-EPI and MDRD4 equations in obese group. The precision (r2) was 0.6461 for CKD-EPI, 0.6508 for MDRD4 equations in lean group and 0.6337 for CKD-EPI and 0.6021 for MDRD4 equations in obese group. The percentages of eGFR falling within 15% measured GFR were 37 for CKD-EPI, 52 for MDRD4 in lean group; 41 for CKD-EPI, 39 for MDRD4 in obese group. CKD-EPI equation overestimates GFR in both lean and obese, but MDRD4 equation overestimates GFR only in lean Bangladeshi subjects.© 2013 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v5i1.8764          J. Sci. Res. 5 (1), 207-213 (2013)
Strengthening the admissions process in health care professional education: focus on a premier Pacific Island medical college
Authors: Ezeala Christian Chinyere , Ezeala Mercy Okwudili , Swami Niraj
Published: January 2013

Relying solely on measures of intellectual aptitude and academic performance in university admissions can be disadvantageous to underprivileged students. The Fiji School of Medicine primarily uses such measures to evaluate and select student applicants, and the introduction of supplementary assessments could provide better access for students from disadvantaged backgrounds. This study examined the need for supplementary assessments in the admission process, types of additional assessments needed, and stakeholders??views on a multi-entry multi-exit strategy currently in use at the Fiji School of Medicine. A survey of the key stakeholders was conducted in February and March 2012 using closed and open ended questionnaire. One hundred and twenty-two validated questionnaires were self-administered by key stakeholders from the College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences (CMNHS) and Fiji Ministries of Education and Health, with a response rate of 61%. Returned questionnaires were analysed quantitatively and qualitatively. Sixty-five percent of respondents supported the introduction of supplementary assessments, 49% favoured admissions test, and 16% preferred assessing non-academic factors. Many respondents supported the School?占퐏 multi-entry multi-exit strategy as a ?占퐂ood policy??that provided ?占퐀lexibility??and opportunity for students, but should be better regulated. These findings demonstrate the need for supplementary assessments in the selection process and for continued support for the use of multi-entry multi-exit strategy at the school.
Is Transition between Peritoneal Dialysis and Hemodialysis Really a Gradual Process?
Authors: Boissinot Lucie , Landru Isabelle , Cardineau Eric , Zagdoun Elie , Ryckelycnk Jean-Philippe , Lobbedez Thierry
Published: January 2013

Background

Transfer to hemodialysis (HD) is a frequent cause of peritoneal dialysis (PD) cessation. In the present study, we set out to describe the transition period between PD and HD.

Methods

All patients in 4 centers of Basse-Normandie who had been treated with PD for more than 90 days and who were permanently transferred to HD between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2009 were retrospectively reviewed. The rate of unplanned HD start was evaluated.

Results

In the 60 patients (39 men, 21 women) included in the study, median score on the Charlson comorbidity index at PD initiation was 5 [interquartile range (IQR): 3 – 7], median age at HD initiation was 62 years (IQR: 54 – 76 years), and median duration on PD was 22 months (IQR: 12 – 36 months). Among the 60 patients, 37 had an unplanned HD initiation. Peritonitis was the most frequent cause of unplanned HD start ( n = 20), and dialysis inadequacy ( n = 11), the main cause of planned HD start. During the transition period, all patients were hospitalized. Median duration of hospitalization was 4.5 days (IQR: 0 – 25.5 days). Within 2 months after HD initiation, 9 patients died. Two months after starting HD, 6 of the remaining 51 patients were being treated in a self-care HD unit and only 23 patients had a mature fistula.

Conclusions

Unplanned HD start is a common problem in patients transferred from PD. Further studies are needed to improve the rate of planned HD start in PD patients transferred to HD.
The Effect of Low-GDP Solution on Ultrafiltration and Solute Transport in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Patients
Authors: Cho Kyu-Hyang , Do Jun-Young , Park Jong-Won , Yoon Kyung-Woo , Kim Yong-Lim
Published: January 2013

Background

Several studies have reported benefits for human peritoneal mesothelial cell function of a neutral-pH dialysate low in glucose degradation products (GDPs). However, the effects of low-GDP solution on ultrafiltration (UF), transport of solutes, and control of body water remain elusive. We therefore investigated the effect of low-GDP solution on UF, solute transport, and control of body water.

Methods

Among 79 new continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients, 60 completed a 12-month protocol (28 in a lactate-based high-GDP solution group, 32 in a lactate-based low-GDP solution group). Clinical indices—including 24-hour UF volume (UFV), 24-hour urine volume (UV), residual renal function, and dialysis adequacy—were measured at months 1, 6, and 12. At months 1, 6, and 12, UFV, glucose absorption, 4-hour dialysate-to-plasma (D/P) creatinine, and 1-hour D/P Na+ were assessed during a modified 4.25% peritoneal equilibration test (PET). Body composition by bioelectric impedance analysis was measured at months 1 and 12 in 26 CAPD patients.

Results

Daily UFV was lower in the low-GDP group. Despite similar solute transport and aquaporin function, the low-GDP group also showed lower UFV and higher glucose absorption during the PET. Factors associated with UFV during the PET were lactate-based high-GDP solution and 1-hour D/P Na+. No differences in volume status and obesity at month 12 were observed, and improvements in hypervolemia were equal in both groups.

Conclusions

Compared with the high-GDP group, the low-GDP group had a lower UFV during a PET and a lower daily UFV during the first year after peritoneal dialysis initiation. Although the low-GDP group had a lower daily UFV, no difficulties in controlling edema were encountered.
Adorno et les antinomies de l'industrie culturelle
Authors: Traverso Enzo
Published: January 2013

Résumé Le concept d’« industrie culturelle » se situe au croisement du pessimisme culturel allemand, de la théorie wébérienne de la rationalité et de la théorie marxiste de la réification. Theodor W. Adorno l’élabore dans une double confrontation avec Walter Benjamin, dont il reprend l’idée du déclin de l’aura de l’œuvre d’art dans le monde industriel, et Siegfried Kracauer, dont il récuse la vision de l’image comme moyen de connaissance. À cinquante ans de distance, son essai apparaît à la fois prémonitoire et myope : prémonitoire, car la réification de la culture a connu des développements à l’époque insoupçonnables ; et myope, car l’art et la création ne sont pas morts, en dépit de leur forme marchande.
Aller au cinéma
Authors: Percheron Daniel
Published: January 2013

Résumé Il y a les cinéphiles, ceux qui ne ratent rien. Et ceux qui dorment devant l’écran, bien au chaud.
De la « crisologie » à la « risquologie »
Authors: Bouilloud Jean-Philippe
Published: January 2013

Résumé Dans son article de 1976, « Pour une crisologie », Edgar Morin appelle de ses vœux la création d’une discipline qui soit à même de comprendre les crises, dans l’intégration et le dépassement des antagonismes du social. Si les sciences sociales se sont de facto focalisées sur des « crises » (sociales, économiques, politiques...), elles ne l’ont pas fait dans la perspective qu’il pressentait. Elles ont privilégié dans leurs objets non pas l’effectivité de la crise mais sa potentialité, c’est‑à-dire le risque (psychosocial, environnemental...).
Le défi actuel de l'apparence
Authors: Vigarello Georges
Published: January 2013

Résumé L’exigence du paraître s’est plus que jamais individualisée : dans son style, son allure, chacun doit montrer ce qu’il est. Ce qui n’empêche en rien l’existence de normes collectives. Celle de la minceur en est un bon exemple aujourd’hui. Est-elle pour autant « tragique » torture ? Difficile de l’affirmer. Elle se fond dans une culture bien plus vaste où l’esthétique se joint à l’efficacité. Difficile d’échapper aussi au sens profond de notre culture, d’autant que la minceur peut avoir un sens plus « libérateur » qu’il n’y paraît. Difficile enfin d’oublier que la mode est depuis toujours l’objet de critiques exaspérées. Mais une société « sans » mode peut-elle exister ?
Résurgences du passé
Authors: Ribert Évelyne
Published: January 2013

Résumé Aux trois types d’oubli distingués par Marc Ferro font écho aujourd’hui, vingt-trois ans plus tard, dans un contexte de prolifération mémorielle, trois formes de résurgences du passé : les lois mémorielles, les mouvements visant à faire connaître les pans occultés et en général honteux du passé, enfin les productions artistiques fondées sur l’exhibition du vide et sur la restitution de la quête de la mémoire. Ces résurgences du passé montrent qu’il n’y a pas véritablement oubli. Elles posent la question des relations entre l’histoire officielle et la mémoire des individus.
Une place à gagner, prendre ou reprendre Construire l'adoption, quelques écueils
Authors: Gorans Daniel
Published: January 2013

Résumé Accompagner les familles en difficulté à l’adolescence de leur enfant adopté conduit à réfléchir à la complexité des places de chacun. Quelques exemples cliniques illustrent la réflexion.
Adoption internationale, familles et enfants dits « à besoins spéciaux »
Authors: Chicoine Jean-François , Germain Patricia , Lemieux Johanne
Published: January 2013

Résumé Faciliter l’adoption internationale d’enfants dits « à besoins spéciaux » est une action humaine, morale et civique, dont la légitimité, par ailleurs totalement défendable, est en harmonie avec le principe de l’intérêt supérieur de l’enfant. Cette manière de concrétiser des adoptions a pourtant ses conséquences sur l’enfant, d’ailleurs en partie tributaires des impacts stressants sur ses nouveaux parents, ainsi que des effets de complexification sur la pratique des experts médico-sociaux œuvrant auprès des arrivants et leurs familles. À notre avis, une implication magnifiée des équipes psychosociales et des consultants médico-nursing s’impose urgemment en la matière, et ce, selon les rôles respectifs de tout un chacun, à toutes les étapes du processus adoptif, d’autant qu’en l’absence de recherches prospectives sur les réalités concrètes qui sous-tendent la question, nous demeurons convaincus que c’est la définition même du concept et ses conséquences anticipées qui posent problème.
Quand l'enfant adopté interroge la sexualité de ses parents homosexuels
Authors: de Becker Emmanuel
Published: January 2013

Résumé Les situations d’enfants adoptés vivant avec un couple de parents homosexuels et qui agissent une sexualité transgressive sont menacées d’une triple stigmatisation. L’association des trois notions, à savoir l’adoption, l’homosexualité et la transgression sexuelle sur mineur d’âge, constitue un risque majeur de voir aussi bien l’enfant que les adultes concernés relégués dans une catégorie à part, perçue comme pathologique voire toxique. À partir de deux vignettes cliniques, l’auteur expose ses réflexions sur le concept de la différence des sexes en montrant que celle-ci est nécessaire à la construction identitaire de l’enfant. Par ailleurs, il développe l’apport de l’épistémologie systémique pour aborder les enjeux inhérents à ces problématiques. L’article se conclut avec une discussion sur le format des entretiens, les références théoriques pertinentes ainsi que sur le contenu des séances familiales.
Traces épigénétiques des carences affectives précoces
Authors: Ladha Karim , Monhonval Pauline , Lotstra Françoise
Published: January 2013

Résumé Les traces laissées par les blessures psychiques sur le cerveau en développement font aujourd’hui l’objet de nombreuses recherches. Cet article a pour but d’illustrer d’un point de vue biologique, les conséquences des stress précoces sur le développement psychique de l’enfant et sur l’apparition éventuelle de troubles anxieux et dépressifs. Nous disposons d’études réalisées sur l’animal et sur l’humain. Aux niveaux moléculaires, les séquelles résultantes des traumatismes psychiques sont liées à des modifications de l’expression de gènes par des mécanismes dits épigénétiques.