bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring EFL Students’ Speaking Anxiety of English Teacher Education Program at One Public University in Jambi
Authors: Abrar Mukhlash , Fajaryani Nunung , Habizar Habizar , Miftahudin Miftahudin , Sokoy Mercy
Published: June 2022

Speaking is one of the most difficult skills in language learning particularly in learning English as a foreign language. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the issues of speaking anxiety, the factors influencing their speaking anxiety, and the strategies they employed to alleviate the anxiety at one English teacher education program in Jambi, Indonesia. In order to collect the data, a semi-structured interview was employed and guided by an interview protocol to stimulate the participants in answering the questions during the interview. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, we only had access to invite 12 students to participate in our study-they were nine male and three female student teachers. To select the participants, we employed purposive sampling with a convenience case strategy. Through thematic analysis (Braun and Clark, 2006), we identified three major themes of factors influencing the participants’ speaking anxiety, including 1) language barrier (Grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, and fluency); 2) psychological issues (low motivation, and personality); and 3) learning proponents (lecturers, classmates, and unfamiliar topic). To alleviate their anxiety, the participants have undertaken strategies, such as 1) self-management (self-practice and doing positive activities) and 2) getting-help strategies (friends’ help and motivation).
EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: SOME INITIATIVES TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT WITH REFERENCE TO NORTH EAST REGION OF INDIA
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of Education., Bordoloi Sayasree , Saikia Himi ,   University of Science & Technology, Meghalaya.
Published: June 2022

In the year 1987 Bruntland Commission Report define the concept of Sustainable Development as development that meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Education for Sustainable Development which contributesa prospect tohuman beings to attain the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values that are required to shape a sustainable future. However, it will not be sufficient to only increase basic literacy to support a sustainable society. In fact, it is also crucial to increase the number of initiatives toward sustainable development in Higher Education Level specially in Academic and Research institutions in the country. This paperfocuses on SDG 4 which is Quality Education andits different targets. Italso includes an overview of SDG India index 2020-21 which was released by NITI Aayog and some of the initiatives towards sustainable development which are being taken up by a host of reputed research and educational institutions in the North - Eastern Region of India.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL EFFICACY OF VARIOUS HERBAL ROOT CANAL IRRIGANTS AGAINST ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS - AN IN VITRO STUDY
Authors:   Post Graduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences and Research., Kumar R. Sarath , Jawa Deepti ,   Professor Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences and Research., Somani Rani ,   Professor and Head, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences and Research., Jaidka Shipra ,   Professor Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences and Research., V.G Hridya ,   Post Graduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences and Research., M.S Serene ,   Post Graduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences and Research., Yadav Jeetu ,   Post Graduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences and Research., Shetty Krithika ,   Post graduate student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry AJ Institute of Dental Sciences Karnataka.
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance has been a global concern. Currently, interest has been focused on exploring antimicrobial properties of plants and herbs. Herbs such as Garlic,Lemon,Guava leaf are used in this study. Aim: To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of various herbal root canal irrigants against enterococcus faecalis. Material and methods: Agar diffusion method was used to evaluate the antimicrobial action of different medicines. Sixty samples were segregated into four groups with 15 samples in each: Group I: Garlic extract, Group II: guava leaf extract, Group III: Lemon extract, and Group IV: 5% Sodium hypochlorite. The inhibition zones against E. faecalis were recorded and statistically assessed using oneâ€‘way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test (P < 0.05). Result: Significant antibacterial effect against E. faecalis was observed with Garlic extract followed by sodium hypochlorite, lemon and Guava leaf extract. Conclusion: Herbal extracts seemed to be effective against E. faecalis compared to 5% Sodium hypochlorite.
NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL MODALITIES FOR TOBACCO CESSATION: AN OVERVIEW
Authors:   Professor & Head, Department of Respiratory Medicine, KGMU, Lucknow., Kant Surya , Singh Anjali ,   PhD Scholar, Department of Physiology, KGMU, Lucknow., Verma Narsingh ,   Professor & Head, Department of Physiology, KGMU, Lucknow., Kumar Verma Ajay ,   Additional Professor, Department of Respiratory Medicine, KGMU, Lucknow., Tripathi Adarsh ,   Additional Professor, Department of Psychiatry, KGMU, Lucknow.
Published: June 2022

Tobacco use is widely prevalent since so many years worldwide. Tobaccos negative effects are well-known, and there is strong evidence that its constituents are responsible for cancer, oral problems, other health hazards and even deaths. Also, tobacco users with COVID-19 have higher risk of severity. Therefore, Cessation is necessary to lower this risk from coronavirus, and other illnesses. Consumers are looking for alternative methods to quit tobacco use. Numerous pharmacologicaland non-pharmacological strategies havebeen tried for tobacco cessation.Although pharmacological approaches have been reported more effective but non pharmacological approaches are also gaining importance and popularity. This review article is primarily focused on non-pharmacological approaches for Tobacco Cessation.
A STUDY TO DEVELOP A MALTED BEVERAGE FOR YOUNG ADULTS (AGED 18-35 YEARS)
Authors:   Department of Food Science & Nutrition Management, J.D. Birla Institute, Kolkata, India., Jana Uttiya , Sarraf Devyani ,   Department of Food Science & Nutrition Management, J.D. Birla Institute, Kolkata, India.
Published: June 2022

Malted beverages are non-alcoholic in nature and are ideal sources of energy for mental and physical activity as they are rich in carbohydrate. They can also alleviate stress due to the high-quality proteins. As compared to sweet and high-calorie energy drinks, they are healthier alternatives. Objective: This study aimed to conduct a Market survey along with KAP (Knowledge Attitude and Practice) survey among the young adults to understand the needsof malted beverage. Depending on the survey result the study also aimed to develop a gluten-free, nutri-dense malt based beverage and to evaluate the nutritional and sensory parameters of the developed product. Methodology: The study was designed to create malted beverage. Malted barley flour was substituted with malted quinoa and ragi flours, the product underwent sensory evaluation in multiple variations and the most preferred variation was further subjected to nutritional analysis to enumerate its nutritional enhancement. Result: Theresults showedthattherewasanincreaseinthenutritionalcontentofthebeverageafterincorporation of malted quinoa and ragi as compared to the basic variation which contained only malted barley. Conclusion: The study concluded that malted beverage is packed with nutrients and also convenient to consume. The protein, calcium and iron rich properties of quinoa and ragi make the developed product ideal for the young adultpopulation.
FACTORS INFLUENCING SECONDARY SCHOOL FEMALE STUDENTS CHOICE OF SCIENCE SUBJECTS IN NIGER STATE: THE NEED FOR COUNSELING
Authors:   Department of Educational Foundations, Veritas University Abuja., B. Samaila Bahago , B. Michael Fadipe ,   Department of Science Education, Veritas University Abuja., E. Enem Uchenna ,   Department of Educational Foundations, Veritas University Abuja.
Published: June 2022

The major goal of this study is to investigate characteristics that influence secondary school female students choice of science disciplines and the need for counselling in Niger State, Nigeria. The study gathered data from 250 female respondents from five different girls-only secondary schools. The study took a quantitative method, with data collected via questionnaires. All ethical problems, such as obtaining permission for data collection from responsible authorities and maintaining respondent confidentiality, were adhered to. For data analysis, descriptive statistics were utilized. The study discovered that certain elements have a strong influence on female students decisions to pursue science topics and have sustaining power over female students choice and continuation of science subjects. The data reveal that the availability of suitable professors, peer groups, family background, IQ, student ability to access adequate instructional materials, and the lack of career guidance/counseling services all influence female students choice of Science topics. According to the report, parents and teachers should work together to guide and influence female kids to pursue science topics. To encourage more female students to pursue science, the government should work to ensure that there are enough Science teachers, adequate teaching and learning facilities in schools, including textbooks and equipment. Female Science students should be given more privileges, particularly in terms of accessing scholarships.Female students should be exposed to vocational counselling services, and educational practices that favour the girl child should be embraced and encouraged more so.
THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENTIATED INSTRUCTION ON STANDARDIZED ASSESSMENT PERFORMANCE OF MIDDLE SCHOOL MATHEMATICS STUDENTS
Authors:   Associate Professor Educational Studies, University of Tennessee at Martin Gooch 240 Martin, TN 38237 USA., G. Williams Kimberly
Published: June 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic, changing demographics, student diversity, and increased accountability compel educators to challenge uniform constraints of traditional instruction and create an environment focused on individual achievement. Differentiated instruction empowers teachers to target multiple learning styles through varied themes, adapted content delivery, and assessment options. This quantitative quasi-experimental research study examined the effects of differentiated instruction on seventh grade student performance on standardized mathematics assessments using a repeated-measures design. Two independent research trials, controlling for initial group differences, provided inconclusive assessment results however, several implications for classroom practice can be gleaned from the findings.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF MICROLEAKAGE AND DIAMETRAL TENSILE STRENGTH OF VARIOUS RESTORATIVE MATERIALS - AN IN VITRO STUDY
Authors:   Post Graduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences and Research., Thanglienzo Grace , Jaidka Shipra ,   Professor, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences and Research., Somani Rani ,   Professor and Head, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences and Research., Jawa Deepti ,   Professor and Head, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences and Research., Sabin Muhamed ,   Post Graduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences and Research., Leleesh Mayanglambam ,   Post Graduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences and Research., Renuka Oinam ,   Post Graduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences and Research., Kumar R. Sarath ,   Post Graduate Student, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Sciences and Research.
Published: June 2022

Aim: To evaluate and compare microleakage and diametral tensile strength of various restorative materials. Materials & Method: For the evaluation of microleakage, Class V cavities were prepared on sixty human premolar teeth and restored according to five study groups (n = 15): Group I (Fuji ix), Group II (Zirconomer Improved), Group III (Glasionomer FX Ultra), Group IV (Positive Control) and Group V (Negative Control). The samples were thermocycled and subjected to dye penetration test. The sections were made and evaluated under stereomicroscope at Ã— 40 magnification. For the Diametral Tensile strength evaluation, fourty five cylindrical specimens were fabricated measuring 5 mm Ã— 6 mm and grouped into three study groups (n = 15): Group I (Fuji ix), Group II (Zirconomer Improved) and Group III (Glasionomer FX Ultra). Diametral Tensile Strength was evaluated using Universal Testing Machine. Statistical analysis used: The data were analyzed using TUKEYS and ANOVA. Results: For microleakage, all intergroup comparisions were significant except between Group A (Fuji IX) and Group C (Glasionomer FX Ultra), with Zirconomer Improved showing maximum followed by Fuji IX and Glasionomer FX Ultra. The Diametral Tensile strength was found to be highly significant (P < 0.01) except between Group B (Zirconomer Improved) and Group C (Glasionomer FX Ultra) with the maximum score for Zirconomer Improved followed by Glasionomer FX Ultra and Fuji IX. Conclusion: Glasionomer FX Ultra is recommended as a restorative material because of its comparable Diametral Tensile Strength to Zirconomer Improved and effective sealing ability.
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF FLUORIDE RECHARGE OF FLUORIDE RELEASING DENTAL MATERIALS BY FLUORIDATED DENTIFRICE : AN IN VITRO STUDY
Authors:   Post Graduate Student, Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Science and Research., P. Deepa , Jaidka Shipra ,   Professor, Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Science and Research., Somani Rani ,   Professor and Head of the Department, Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Science and Research., Jawa Singh Deepti ,   Professor, Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Science and Research., Susan Joy Anu ,   Post Graduate Student, Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Science and Research., Yadav Jeetu ,   Post Graduate Student, Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Science and Research., a Serene ,   Post Graduate Student, Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Science and Research., b Anaswara ,   Post Graduate Student, Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Divya Jyoti College of Dental Science and Research.
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Fluoride releasing dental materials releases maximum fluoride within twenty four hours which reduces thereafter.If we could recharge fluoride on the daily basis,the caries preventive effect from fluoride releasing dental materials can be prolonged. Aim and Objectives: The present study is undertaken to compare and evaluate fluoride recharge of fluoride releasing dental materials by fluoridated dentifrice. Materials and Method: Materials used in this study are GC Fuji Type IX,Fuji Plus,Zirconomer Improved,Beautifil II LS. All restorative materials were mixed according to manufacturers instruction and standardized test pellets were made using autoclaved instruments in sterile plastic moulds. These test pellets were divided in various groups and brushed with fluoridated dentifrice accordingly . Results were evaluated statistically using Post Hoc test and ANOVA and correlation coefficient for which regression lines were drawn. Result: The mean fluoride release and recharge was maximum in Zirconomer Improved, followed by GC Fuji Plus ,then by GC Fuji Type IX and least by Beautifil II LS. Conclusion:Daily recharge of fluoride releasing dental materials with fluoridated dentifrices is recommended to increase the cariostatic effect.
STUDY OF INFLAMMATORY MARKERS IN HYPOXIC COVID 19 PATIENTS AND CORRELATION WITH DISEASE SEVERITY
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Dept of General Medicine, Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Science & Research Foundation, Chinnaoutapalli, Andhra Pradesh., Sri I. Lavanya , B. Madhukiranreddy ,   Associate Professor, Dept of General Medicine, Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Science &Research Foundation, Chinnaoutapalli, Andhra Pradesh., S. Mounika ,   Assistant Professor, Dept of General Medicine, Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Science &Research Foundation, Chinnaoutapalli, Andhra Pradesh., Madhav M. Venkata ,   Professor, Dept of General Medicine, Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Science &Research Foundation, Chinnaoutapalli, Andhra Pradesh., L. Ramya ,   Postgraduate, Dept of General Medicine, Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Science &Research Foundation, Chinnaoutapalli, Andhra Pradesh.
Published: June 2022

Background: COVID-19 is global pandemic affecting mainly a respiratory system and causing hypoxemia in the majority of those been infected. In our study, we aimed to correlate the inflammatory markers with severity of hypoxemia and predicting the significant markers of disease severity. Aims and Objectives:To correlate the inflammatory markers with degree of hypoxemia and To determine the inflammatory markers useful in predicting the disease severity. Materials and Methods:A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the month of may 2021 in tertiary care hospital chinnaoutpalli near Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh. The 296 patients diagnosed as COVID-19 positive by real-time Polymerase chain reaction and admitted in our hospital requiring oxygen (hypoxemic) were included. These patients were divided into supplemental oxygen group (SuO2 Group) and non invasive ventilation group (NIV group) and inflammatory markers among these groups were compared. Results: Out of 296 hypoxemic patients, 148 were in ward, requiring SuO2,148 were in ICU requiring NIV. There was significant differences in mean D-dimer (p=0.001), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (p=0.012),among NIV and SuO2 group .There was no significant difference in CRP, ferritin. Conclusion: The inflammatory markers are a good guide for predicting the hypoxemia and disease severity. The results concluded Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio, D-Dimer were effective biomarkers in predicting a severity and prognosis of COVID- 19 patients, but could not establish significant association of serum Ferritin, CRP with disease severity.
NATURAL DIET OF AMNIRANA ALBOLABRIS (HALLOWELL, 1856), A FROG SPECIE FROM BANCO NATIONAL PARK (COTE DIVOIRE)
Authors:   Laboratoire dEnvironnement et de Biologie Aquatique (LEBA), UFR-Sciences et Gestion de lEnvironnement (SGE), Universite Nangui Abrogoua (UNA), 02BP 801, Abidjan 02, (Cote dIvoire)., Beh Romaric Konate , Blayda Tohe ,   Laboratoire dEnvironnement et de Biologie Aquatique (LEBA), UFR-Sciences et Gestion de lEnvironnement (SGE), Universite Nangui Abrogoua (UNA), 02BP 801, Abidjan 02, (Cote dIvoire)., Louis Cesar Agou ,   Laboratoire dEnvironnement et de Biologie Aquatique (LEBA), UFR-Sciences et Gestion de lEnvironnement (SGE), Universite Nangui Abrogoua (UNA), 02BP 801, Abidjan 02, (Cote dIvoire).
Published: June 2022

We have established the natural diet of Amnirana albolabris from the Banco National Park (Cote dIvoire), through this study. Firstly, a general analysis of prey composition in the stomach of 238 specimens (obtained by the force-feeding technique) has been done, and secondly, according to the age, sex of specimens, climatic seasons, and sampling sites. Nine categories of prey (Insects, Arachnids, Annelids, Molluscs, Myriapods, Crustaceans, animal debris, macrophytes, and undetermined prey) have been identified in the diet of this species of frog. Adults diet is statistically different from juvenile one. However, males and females consume the same foods. In terms of the climatic seasons, the foods consumed during the long rainy season differ from those during the short dry season. Similarly, the foods eaten during the major dry season differ from those consumed by this frog during the minor dry season. At the spatial level, the diet of this species does not differ significantly from one habitat to another. The diet composition of Amnirana albolabris revealed that this frog species has an omnivorous diet with an insectivorous tendency in Banco National Park.
TRAUMATISMEBALISTIQUENEGLIGE AVEC UN TRAJETATYPIQUE: A PROPOS DUN CAS
Authors:   Service De Stomatologie Et De Chirurgie Maxillo-FacialeHMIMV Rabat., Bakhil A. , Ribag Y. ,   Service De Stomatologie Et De Chirurgie Maxillo-FacialeHMIMV Rabat., Hafidi N. EL ,   Service De Stomatologie Et De Chirurgie Maxillo-FacialeHMIMV Rabat., S.MFa K. ,   Service De Stomatologie Et De Chirurgie Maxillo-FacialeHMIMV Rabat., Buckat H. ,   Service De Stomatologie Et De Chirurgie Maxillo-FacialeHMIMV Rabat., Benbachir A. ,   Service De Stomatologie Et De Chirurgie Maxillo-FacialeHMIMV Rabat., Sabani H. ,   Service De Stomatologie Et De Chirurgie Maxillo-FacialeHMIMV Rabat., Khalfi L. ,   Service De Stomatologie Et De Chirurgie Maxillo-FacialeHMIMV Rabat., Hamama J. ,   Service De Stomatologie Et De Chirurgie Maxillo-FacialeHMIMV Rabat., El Khatib K. ,   Service De Stomatologie Et De Chirurgie Maxillo-FacialeHMIMV Rabat.
Published: June 2022

Les traumatismesbalistiques correspondent a la penetration dans le corps humain, dun projectile ou de fragments dun enginexplosif. Cestlurgence la plus redoutableenchirurgie maxillo-faciale. Nous rapportons dans ce travail, le cas dun jeunemilitairevictime dun traumatismebalistiqueneglige de la face, avec un trajetatypique du projectile, la priseen charge etaitchirurgicale avec un double abordvestibulaire et temporal externe. Le traumatismebalistique de la face, quandilnest pas letal, constitueuneurgenceabsolueenchirurgie maxillo-faciale, sapriseen charge passe tout dabord par un examencliniqueminutieux a la recherche duneportedentree et de sortie, ainsi que la recherche de signescliniques qui oriententvers la lesion dun element noble permettantdimaginer le trajet du projectile,ce qui nest pas toujours facile comme dans le cas de notre patient.
HYGIENE AND SANITATION PRACTICES OF MOTHERS AND PREVALENCE OF DIARRHEA AMONG ≤ 2 YEARS OF CHILDREN IN A RESETTLEMENT COLONY
Authors: Kapoor Neha , Saini Sushma , Kaur Manmeet
Published: June 2022

Diarrhea is the major health issue in developing countries with high morbidity and mortality rate among children below 2 years of age.Mothers hygiene behaviour is associated with occurrence of diarrhea in children as they are the primary care givers. We carried out a survey to assess the behavioural practices of mother regarding hygiene and sanitation and prevalence of diarrheal diseases in children below 2 years of age. Stratified systemic sampling technique was used to draw sampling frame.Based on the calculated sample size of 84, a total of 101 subjects were enrolled for the study. Data was collected in the month of July-Nov, 2014 by using interview schedule and observational checklist. 62 variables were used in the checklist to measure the behaviour score of mothers on hygiene and sanitation practices. The mean score of hygiene and sanitation practices of mother was 48 out of 62 and the range was 32-52. The diarrhea episodes in the past 3 months were considered for measuring the prevalence of diarrhea among children below 2 years of age. Mean no. of diarrheal episode occurred in children was1and the range was 1-3.The prevalence of diarrhea among children was 89%. It seems that the hygiene and sanitation practices of mothers are associated with occurrence of diarrhea among children.
THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON LIQUIDITY AND PROFITABILITY IN COMMERCIAL BANKS
Authors:   Ph.D. Student Putra Business school, University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia., Aldeen Kassem Al-Alawnh Noor , Jerri Mohsin Hayder ,   Faculty of College of Administrative Technology, Southern Technical University, Iraq., Yousef Bani Hani Laith ,   Researcher: Osmania University- Business Management and Commerce College, India., Mohammad Al-Naser Basil ,   Researcher: Economics and Administrative Sciences College,Yarmouk University, Jordan., Adel Qurran Awad ,   Ph.D. Student Putra Business School, University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia., Khaled Alzubi Sara ,   Researcher: Jadara University- Business College, Jordan.
Published: June 2022

The study examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the profitability and liquidity of Jordanian commercial banks. The LIQ Ratio has been usedand returns on equity (ROE) to find the impact of COVID-19 on the profitability and liquidity of Jordanian commercial banks this study is based on the use of the causal descriptive approach. This methodology was used to compare both liquidity and profitability before the Corona pandemic period during the year (2017-2018). Also, a comparison of liquidity and profitability during the pandemic period (2019-2020) and the study data were obtained from the Amman Stock Exchange.The study results show through statistical analysis that the COVID-19 pandemic has an impact on the profitability of Jordanian commercial banks and does not affect the liquidity of Jordanian commercial banks.The study recommended that Jordanian commercial banks diversify their sources of profitability by diversifying their securities investments, diversifying their fund investments. And encouraging special studies in profitability and liquidity by bank administrations and monetary authorities because it impacts the future of banks and their ability to continue.
THE IMPACT OF PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME AND DYSMENORRHOEA ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF COLLEGE STUDENTS
Authors:   PhD Research Scholar, MAHER, Deemed To Be University, Chennai, India, ORCID ID: 0000-0003-1557-3445., Bharathi N. Sakthi , Kayalvizhi E. ,   Associate Professor, MAHER, Kanchipuram, India, ORCID ID: 0000-0001-7945-3659., Sylvia Juliet ,   Principal, Alagappa Nursing College, Karaikudi ORCID ID: 0000-0003-3233-6564.
Published: June 2022

Premenstrual syndrome is a cyclical pattern of physical and emotional symptoms that interfere with work or lifestyle in the days before menstruation. The present study was aimed to assess the impact of PMS and dysmenorrhoea on academic performance of the students. Materials and Methods: In a Cross sectional study 60 female students with random sampling method were participated in this study. Data was collected using four point rating scale for PMS, visual analogue scale for dysmenorrhoea and checklist used to assess the impact of PMS and dysmenorrhoea on academics. Results: Prevalence of PMS was found to be 78.3% and dysmenorrhoea was 75%, with regard to severity of PMS, 35% and 61.67% of the participants had severe and moderate PMS respectively. 90% of the subjects reported back pain and 76.67% had poor concentration due to dysmenorrhoea. Conclusion: It is concluded that the menstrual symptoms having a major impact on academic performance of the students. The study findings suggested that the students need to be counseled to reduce the impact of menstrual symptoms on academic performance.
KNOWLEDGE OF DIABETIC COMPLICATIONS AND PRACTICE OF ROUTINE MEDICAL CHECK-UP AMONG DIABETICS (>10 YEARS) IN THE FIELD PRACTICE AREA OF GOVERNMENT MEDICAL COLLEGE, AMRITSAR
Authors: Kaur Ramanpreet , Sood Samriti , Lal Mohan , Deepti S.S
Published: June 2022

Context: Awareness about diabetic complications and regular medical check-up are essential for prevention, early detection and treatment of diabetic complications. Aims & Objectives: 1. To assess the knowledge about diabetes complications among diabetic patients (>10 years). 2. To evaluate the practices of routine medical check â€“up among Diabetics (>10 years). Settings and Design: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in rural and urban field practice areas of Government Medical College, Amritsar. Methods and Material: A total of 200 diabetic patients who had diabetes equal to or more than 10 years of duration were interviewed using pretested and predesigned questionnaire Statistical analysis used: Data such collected were analyzed and Chi-square/ Yates correction was used to know the level of significance at P < 0.05. Results: Out of 200 respondents, 50% (100/200) were from urban area and 50% (100/200) were from the rural area. In both urban and rural areas, majority were literate and unemployed. The mean age of diabetic respondents was 61.08 years with a male to female ratio of 1.1:0.9. 44.5%(89) of the respondents were aware of diabetic complications(P<0.05).92%(82), 89%(79), and 73%(65) of respondents had good knowledge about complications of Eye, Kidney and cardiac disease while respondents knowledge of Stroke and Nephropathy was inadequate i.e. 28%(25),47% (42) respectively. Only 25% (51) had followed definite routine for examination ,Out of which 61%(31) were doing health check up every 3 monthly and 27%(14) were doing every 6 monthly and 6(12%) were doing every yearly(P<0.05). Conclusions: The practice of regular medical check-up was poor among diabetic patients, and this may be due to inadequate knowledge about specific diabetic complications.
BEDENSEL ZARAR HÂLLERİNDE ÖDENECEK TAZMİNATIN BELİRLENMESİNDE ÖZEL BİR İNDİRİM SEBEBİ: ZARAR VERENİN MALÎ DURUMUNUN KÖTÜLEŞMESİ VE HAKKANİYET İNDİRİMİ
Authors: ERCEVAHİR Mine
Published: June 2022

Hukuka aykırı ve kusurlu bir fiil sonucu başkasının vücut bütünlüğünü ihlal suretiyle zarara sebep olan kimsenin bu zararı gidermekle yükümlü olması, yalnızca haksız fiil sorumluluğunun değil hakkaniyetin de bir gereğidir. Bu çerçevede; vücut bütünlüğünün ihlaline bağlı olarak gerçekleşen zararların tazminini ele alan çok sayıda düzenleme mevcuttur. Bu düzenlemelerden biri de Türk Borçlar Kanunu’nun 55. maddesindeki tazminatın miktarını esas alarak herhangi bir hakkaniyet indirimi yapılamayacağı yönündedir. Söz konusu düzenleme çerçevesinde; tazminat miktarının ve kapsamının belirlenmesine ilişkin 50 ve 51. maddeler, tazminat miktarının hangi hâllerde azaltılabileceği, hâkime tanınan takdir yetkisinin kapsamı ve indirimin yapılıp yapılmayacağına ilişkin 52. madde hükümleri, bedensel olarak zarar gören kişiye ödenecek tazminatta yapılacak indirimin hakkaniyete uygun olup olmadığı uzunca süre tartışılmıştır. Kanaatimizce; söz konusu indirim, hakkaniyet amaçlı olmayıp miktar esaslı keyfi indirimleri önlemek içindir ve sadece, zarar verenin tazminat ödemesi sonucunda ekonomik durumun kötüleştiği durumlarda uygulama alanı bulmaktadır. Bu sebeple söz konusu madde, sınırlı hâllerde uygulanmalı ve dar yorumlanmalıdır.
Bowman's risk-return relationship: Empirical evidence in a frontier market
Authors: Cao Mai Phuong Lai
Published: June 2022

This paper investigates whether there exists a Bowman paradox on the relationship between risk-return for Vietnamese firms. Data in the annual audited financial statements from 2017 to 2020 of 727 enterprises listed on the Vietnamese stock market are used in this study. The data set is divided into two different groups based on the reference point, which is the average return of the whole market and by industry. Correlation analysis and ordinary least square regression according to cross sectional data were performed in this study. After controlling for size, debt-to-total assets, and debt-to-equity ratios, the research results show that the risk-return relationship of the two groups of firms is mixed and can be explained by prospect theory. There exists Bowman's paradox for a group of firms whose return is below the reference point, these firms tend to seek risk versus return, so their risk-return relationship is negative. In contrast, this relationship is positive for the group of firms whose returns are above the reference point, or which tend to avoid risk. The slope coefficient of the group of enterprises below the reference point compared to the rest of enterprises is 2.5:1, which correctly reflects the ratio of the risk-seeking area to the risk-avoiding area in prospect theory.
Arsenic, iron, and manganese in groundwater and its associated human health risk assessment in the rural area of Jashore, Bangladesh
Authors: Chakraborty Tapos Kumar , Ghosh Gopal Chandra , Ghosh Prianka , Jahan Israt , Zaman Samina , Islam Md. Shahnul , Hossain Md Ripon , Habib Ahsan , Biswas Biplab , Sultana Naznin , Khan Abu Shamim
Published: June 2022

This study investigated groundwater pollution and potential human health risks from arsenic, iron, and manganese in the rural area of Jashore, Bangladesh. Study results show that the mean value of groundwater pH is 7.25 ± 0.31, with a mean conductivity of 633.94 ± 327.41 μs/cm, while about 73, 97, and 91% of groundwater samples exceeded the Bangladesh drinking water standard limits for As, Fe, and Mn, respectively. Groundwater pollution evaluation indices, including the heavy metal pollution index, the heavy metal evaluation index, the degree of contamination, and the Nemerow pollution index, show that approximately 97, 82, 100, and 100% of samples are in the high degree of pollution category, respectively. Spatial distribution exhibited that the study area is highly exposed to As (73%), Fe (82%), and Mn (46%). In the case of non-carcinogenic health risk via oral exposure, about 94% of samples suggest a high category of risk for infants, and 97% of samples are found to be at high risk for children and adults. The carcinogenic risk of arsenic via an oral exposure pathway suggests that approximately 97% of the samples are found to be at high risk for infants, and all of the samples are at high risk for both adults and children.
Application of Biofertilizers in crop production: A review
Authors: Sharma Barsha , Yadav Laxmeshwar , Pandey Meena , Shrestha Jiban
Published: June 2022

Nutritious foods are needed for the continuously growing population together with the nutrient for plant growth and production. Inorganic chemical-based fertilizers have been base and are used heavily in today’s soil management procedures, posing serious health and environmental concern. Biofertilizer has been recognized as a reasonable solution for improving soil fertility and crop output in sustainable farming. The use of beneficial microorganisms as biofertilizers has escalated its importance in the agricultural industry due to its potential significance in food safety and sustainable crop production. Biofertilizers can be a valuable component of a comprehensive nutrient management strategy. Overall, nitrogen fixers (N-fixers), potassium and phosphorus solubilizers, growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), endo and ectomycorrhizal fungi, cyanobacteria, and other beneficial microscopic organisms are incorporated into biofertilizers. Utilizing bio-fertilizers, enhance nutrient and water uptake, plant development, and plant tolerance to abiotic and biotic impacts. These prospective biological fertilizers would play a essential role in soil production and sustainability and also in environmental protection, being eco-friendly and cost-effective inputs for farmers.
Insights into Coronavirus Papain-like Protease Structure, Function and
Inhibitors
Authors: Jin Shujuan , Zhang Mengjiao
Published: June 2022

The coronavirus family consists of pathogens that seriously affect human and animal
health. They mostly cause respiratory or enteric diseases, which can be severe and life-threatening,
such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in humans. The conserved coronaviral papain-like
protease is an attractive antiviral drug target because it is essential for coronaviral replication, and it
also inhibits host innate immune responses. This review focuses on the latest research progress
relating to the mechanism of coronavirus infection, the structural and functional characteristics of
coronavirus papain-like protease, and the potent inhibitors of the protease.
New Developments in Chiral Phosphoric Acid Catalysis for Amine Synthesis
Authors: Neupane Bishnu P. , Friestad Gregory K.
Published: June 2022

Asymmetric catalysis with chiral phosphoric acids (CPAs) has impacted a wide range of organic reactions, including those that generate chiral amines of interest in medicinal and natural products chemistry. Phosphodiester derivatives (RO)2PO2H offer linkages to various chiral alcohols and diols, permitting the CPA to transmit stereochemical information to reactants via ion-pairing and/or H-bonding interactions of the P=O and O–H bonds. This minireview presents selected recent developments in CPA-catalyzed asymmetric synthesis of amines, emphasizing innovations from the literature of 2017–2021, with a few earlier examples to provide additional context. The coverage includes additions to imines, asymmetric protonation, induction of axial asymmetry, asymmetric Ugi and Passerini multicomponent coupling reactions, hydroaminations, and Minisci-type additions to heteroaromatic systems.
Network Pharmacology-Based Prediction of Active Ingredient and Mechanisms of Astragalus membranaceus and Panax notoginseng Coupled- Herbs Against Diabetic Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Li Ruili , Zhang Wei , Yao Minna , Wang Jingwen
Published: June 2022

Background:

Diabetic neuropathic pain seriously affects the quality of a patient’s life. To predict molecular mechanism based on network pharmacology and verify the interaction between the active ingredient of Astragalus membranaceus and Panax notoginseng coupled-herbs (AP) and target genes related to Diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP) molecular docking assay was performed. AP and their target genes related to DNP were analyzed based on network pharmacology followed by experimental validation.

Methods:

TCMSP, PubMed and CNKI websites were used to acquire active components in AP. OMIM, DrugBank database and DisGeNET database were used to collect and analyze target genes related to DNP. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and gene ontology (GO) analysis were conducted in the DAVID database. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network model was constructed by introducing the selected components-disease common target into the string database. Auto- Dock Vina 1.1.2 was used to dock receptor proteins with small ligand molecules. VonFrey’s statement was used to detect mechanical allodynia of DNP rats. Potential targets were detected by Western blot assay.

Results:

We decided that 22 and 9 chemical compositions possessed the fair ability of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion in Astragalus membranaceus and Panax notoginseng, respectively. These active compositions act on 70 target genes related to DNP. The core gene in the protein-protein interaction network are CAT, ESR1, HMOX1, IL1β, IL6, NFE2L2, NOS2, PPARG, PTGS2 and TNF, etc. Furthermore, GO, and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses indicated that DNP related target genes regulated by AP exist in multiple signaling pathways, including insulin resistance, PI3K-Akt signaling, HIF-1 signaling pathway, Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis, and AGE-RAGE signaling pathway etc. AP inhibited mechanical hyperalgesia and reduced SERPINE1, FN1, IL1β, and IL6 expression of diabetic neuropathic rats in a dose-dependent manner.

Conclusion:

We first confirm that AP possess an anti-DNP effect through multiple signaling pathways based on network pharmacology. These results provide a theoretical basis for us to further research on the molecular mechanism of AP in the treatment of DNP.
Impact of Viral Load Suppression on CD4 + T-cell Count and BMI Following
Combine Antiretroviral Therapy (cART) in HIV-1 Infected Individuals:
Preliminary Findings in a Resource Poor Setting
Authors: Balogun Olayemi , Shuaib Bukhari Isah , Usman Usman Abdulrasheed , Yusuf Aminu Abba
Published: June 2022

Background:

Immunological CD4+ T cell gain is representative of an effective response to combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) in HIV-infected persons. Nevertheless, baseline clinical and socio-demographic factors are significant moderators of this response.

Objective:

This study investigates the impact of viral suppression on immune reconstitution and
body mass index (BMI) following ART initiation in Zaria, a resource-poor subpopulation in
Northwestern Nigeria.

Methods:

A hospital-based prospective study was conducted among 44 cART-naïve HIV positive individuals. BMI, CD4 counts, and viral load were measured using standard methods at
baseline and six months after initiation of cART.

Results:

There was no significant difference in the CD4+ T-cell count at baseline and 6 months
on cART along with the different categories (C: < 200 cells/mm3, B: 200-499 cell/mm3, A:
>500 cell/mm3). However, ~90% of subjects in category C had immunological failure 6 months
on cART. The number of subjects with viral copies < 1000/ml at baseline was 7(16%), while at 6
months on cART, the number increased to 35(80%), P<0.05. Viral suppression (VL copies
<1000/ml) was significantly correlated with immune recovery (CD4 count > 200 cell/mm3) in
obese individuals (P<0.02). There was a significant association between subjects with CD4+
count < 200 cells/mm3 after 6 months on ART and having baseline VL copies of <1000/ml and
low BMI (aOR 2.2 and 2.4 respectively, p≤0.05).

Conclusion:

Findings from this study suggest a high prevalence of paradoxical VL suppression
but not immune CD4 gain in the studied subjects following cART. Larger studies are needed to
corroborate these findings.
The Biological Correction Using Humic Substances, Vermicompost, and Azospirillum as an Optimum Way of Optimizing Plant Production and Enhancing Soil Micronutrients in Arid Regions
Authors: Hafez Mohamed , Popov Alexander I. , Rashad Mohamed
Published: June 2022

Aims:

This field experiment aimed to investigate the effect of using foliar treatments and applying different fertilizers on wheat (TriticumaestivumL.) growth, productivity, and soil fertility under arid conditions.

Background:

Agriculture is a critical socio-economic sector in Egypt, generating approximately 10 to 15% of the national gross domestic product. Abiotic stresses arising from climate change negate crop growth and yield, leading to food insecurity.

Methods:

Six treatments were carried out in the order: CK (control without amendment); NPK (mineral fertilizer: mineral fertilizers, 38 g/m2of urea (46% of N), 10 g/m2of calcium phosphate (45% of P2O5), 12 g/m2of potassium sulfate (50% of K2O));Azospirillum brasilense(Az), bacteria were soaked with the seeds for 4 hours before sowing and introduced three-time into the soil with irrigation water at 0.7 ml/m2; vermicompost (VC) applied to the soil (2.5 kg/m2); humic substances (0.5 ml/m2) for foliar inoculation (HS); HS + micronutrients (HS-M) soil application (1 ml/m2) with irrigation water. All treatments were applied as soil additives and foliar spray to wheat plants at 31±1 °C for the first two months from seed sowing in calcareous soil. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) of experimental data showed the significance of positive effects of all treatments on soil fertility and plant growth compared to the control and NPK treatments.

Results:

The HS and VC treatments had positive effects on the development of plant nutrition, wheat growth, soil pH, and plant availability of micronutrients, which was also reflected in the wheat grain yield and water use efficiency. It was also evident that treating the plants and soil with HS-M increased wheat yield from 3.45 to 8.97 t ha-1(260%) compared to the control. On the other hand, VC and Az treatments increased the grain yield by 278% and 267%, respectively, compared to control and NPK treatments. The water use efficiency (kg grain / m3) values increased by 279, 268, 262, 258, and 139% for HS-M, HS, VC, Az, and NPK treatments, respectively, compared to CK. The plants' total N, P, and K content were higher with all organic and biological treatments than NPK and control.

Conclusion:

This study has shown that the HS, Az, VC, and HS-M soil additives and foliar applications significantly (p ≤ 0.05) increased the status of Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, and B in soil, plant growth rate, grain yield, 1000 grain weight, water use efficiency, and soil macro-nutrient of wheat plants growing on calcareous soil.
In Silico Modeling of COVID-19 Pandemic Course Differentiation Using
the FOD Model
Authors: Roterman Irena , Stapor Katarzyna , Fabian Piotr , Konieczny Leszek
Published: June 2022

Background:

The strange and still unclear scenarios of Covid-19 pandemic development have
raised the question about the reason for the observed essential state and personal differences concerning
the expansion and severity of the infection process. Some custom activities are taken into consideration in
an attempt to explain the phenomenon. Alcohol in the diet is suggested in this paper as the possible factor
which could explain the observed differentiation. It easily penetrates cells modifying their natural internal
environment, and independently influences tissues as the toxic agent being the source of acetyl aldehyde.

Objective:

The process in which the cell seems to be the most sensitive to altered environmental conditions
is the protein folding; in particular, its portion occurring in the endoplasmic reticulum where freshly
synthesized polypeptides fold and then are introduced to the cell membrane influencing its property and
in particular its fluidity, which is the critical parameter deciding the virus penetration into the cell.

Methods:

The application of a mathematical model, fuzzy oil drop model FOD, expressing the influence
of the environment on the protein folding process shows the mechanism of this influence.

Results:

The differences between statistical assessment of epidemy in Europe and the Far East, which
may be correlated with alcohol consumption, suggest the influence of diet on the status of epidemy in
these regions.

Conclusion:

The protein folding seems to be the process most sensitive to environmental conditions in
the cell. The different diet customs, including the use of alcohol, may disturb the folding process, lowering
as the result the number of proteins needed for cell membrane stability, thus increasing its fluidity and
the cell susceptibility to virus penetration.
Observations presented in this paper are based on the initial period of pandemic development and have
not been intentionally modified to prevent the influence of additional factors, like government activities
or virus mutations.
FAMILIA SAPOTACEAE
Authors:   Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Centro Regional del Bajío,, Carranza González Eleazar
Published: June 2022

Familia de distribución pantropical, con 53 géneros y más de 1100 especies, de las que alrededor de 400 se encuentran en la región neotropical, unas 350 en África y otras tantas en Asia tropical. Prosperan principalmente en bosques húmedos, pero algunos géneros, como Sideroxylon y Argania se extienden a regiones áridas y semiáridas. En el área se encuentran de manera silvestre tres géneros, además de algunos árboles cultivados de Manilkara zapota.
FAMILIA GRAMINEAE SUBFAMILIA CHLORIDOIDEAE I: (género Muhlenbergia)
Authors:   Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR Unidad Durango-COFAA,, Herrera Arrieta Yolanda , Peterson Paul M. ,   Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution
Published: June 2022

La subfamilia Chloridoideae se encuentra ampliamente distribuida en el mundo, consiste de 1,601 especies en 131 géneros y 5 tribus reportadas por Soreng et al. (2015) en un recuento muy completo y reciente, realizado con base en estudios filogenéticos (moleculares y morfológicos). En la región de estudio se encuentran 28 géneros y aproximadamente 133 especies.