bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Time in Heidegger’s Being and Time: A Reading
Authors:   The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea, Joo Hyeuk Kyu
Published: November 2024

Heidegger’s concept of time in Being and Time emerges in critically engaging with his predecessor’s intellectual legacy. At the same time, however, his revolutionary idea of temporalty arising from what he calls a phenomenological destruction of the history of ontology is worth further scrutiny. Therefore, the following pages concern, first of all, investigating how Heidegger critically revises Kant’s and Hegel’s idea of time to propose his ecstatic temporality, by which he declares that the meaning of being is primarily conditioned by its temporality. What he calls fundamental ontology has the task of understanding being in terms of its temporality. To clarify this task, this paper focuses on Heidegger’s perspectival shift in understanding care from existential to ontological analysis. In doing so, it critically examines the process in which care is not fundamentally grounded in the self as much as in temporality. Lastly, this paper attempts to evaluate how Heidegger interprets public consciousness of time as it makes itself available in everydayness based on notions such as “datability” and “public time.” Heidegger’s emphasis on “punctuality” is significant as it is intended to criticize the linear notion of time reflected in Hegel’s concept of time and space. This paper wishes to remain loyal to reading Being and Time, except for a few cases if necessary.
Mathematical Formalism: the Bildungsroman of Matter
Authors:   The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea, Kim Sungik
Published: November 2024

This essay examines what is known as mathematical formalism in the field of literary studies by providing a set of referneces from Pythagoras, Kant, Coleridge, Geoerge Boole, Augustus de Morgan, Andrea Henderson to Paul de Man. As varied as it seems, the center of the referential set is Kant. Kant’s aesthetics is one crucial reference in mathematical formalism. Mathematical formalism’s justification for its use of mathematics in the field of art is that Kantian aesthetic form is mathematical. This essay takes one step further from there. I argue that mathematical formalism reveals its true nature when we see that in Kant, there are two different types of mathematics, intuitive and formalist mathematics, and the former gives way to the latter due to its inherent limitations. The limitations of intuitive mathematics is that as it is based on the a priori framework of intuition, it does not allow for the empirical agency of matter. Kant solves the issue by formulating formalist mathematics in his third critique. This transition from intuitive to formalist mathematics makes a case for what can be called the Bildungsroman of matter: unlike mathematical formalism’s static understanding of Kant’s third critique, this essay’s approach captures the moment of formalist mathematics’s emergence from within matter.
A Comparative Study on Agamben’s Art and Rancière’s Aesthetics
Authors:   The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea, Gu Jakwang
Published: November 2024

A comparative study on Agamben’s art and Rancière’s aesthetics will bring an understanding that Agamben proposes a new community through art and Rancière presents an idea of a new community through aesthetics. Agamben starts with Plato’s presentation of paradigm based on the relation between aisthesis and an-aisthesis which has been forgotten since Aristotle. Agamben claims to recuperate Plato’s paradigm with the relation between aisthesis and an-aisthesis. Rancière, critical of Plato, begins with a critique of Plato’s community-centered distribution of the sensible. Rancière raises a critique of Plato with the claim that Plato’s method of distributing the sensible delimits and determines ways of life in community. Agamben’s art accommodating the relation between the sensible and the in-sensible will present a way leading to coming community with recuperation of form-of-life. Rancière’s aesthetics dis-mantles Plato’s and Aristotle’s methods of distribution of the sensible by responding to the sensible without any presupposition, which will establish coming community of the sensible. Agamben proposes in-operativity as in an-aisthesis in Plato, which will bring in coming community. Rancière believes that through ‘dis-’ of the sensible, coming community of the sensible will come into being. Agamben’s ‘in-’ and Rancière’s ‘dis-’ are performed during subjectification by subject-less subjects.
Reading Ludwig Tieck’s The Fairies: Focusing on the Problem of the ‘other’ and ‘Hospitality’
Authors:   The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea, Kim Jin Hwan
Published: November 2024

This article reads the existence of ‘others’ that appear in The Fairies and discusses how ‘hospitality’ can be understood through this process. This article starts with the recognition that Tieck’s text enables us to think about the other and hospitality today, and attempts to extend that recognition by analyzing the work’s semantic structure. In The Fairies, the other can be discussed on three levels: the ‘child-other’ as the other of adults, the ‘fairy-other’ as the other of humans, and the ‘(feminine) other-world’ as the other of the (masculine) world. The child-other and the female-other are depicted as beings who encounter the other world. They are characters who typically possess a romantic sensibility in relation to questions about boundaries. However, they eventually die, and Martin and his son-in-law, the male protagonists, return to the village where they originally came from. In relation to how to read this conclusion, we can raise the issue of hospitality toward the others because hospitality is ‘hospitality of what cannot be welcomed.’ The phenomenon of the other beings coming into contact with the other world and ending in death can be read as a narrative structure that reminds us of the violence of the modern worldview that organizes the world by excluding the other.
Bilan de production et d'activités forestières. Activité du Service Forestier et situation forestière du Soudan, au cours de 1951
Authors: Centre Technique Forestier Tropical (CTFT)
Published: November 2024

Pas de résumé
Comparison of methods for diagnosing marine IC engines based on working medium parameters including exhaust gas specific enthalpy
Authors: Puzdrowska Patrycja
Published: November 2024

Article points out methods currently used to diagnose marine engines in operation. The development of tools and programs for implementing these methods was pointed out. The problem of unsatisfactory measurement susceptibility of marine engines was highlighted. Three methods of parametric diagnosis are presented: measurement of in-cylinder parameters and in exhaust gas duct, numerical simulation due to computer software and calculations based on Wibe function. Unfitness states that were analyzed during tests are presented: reduced injection pressure, obstructed intake air duct and reduced compression ratio. The specific enthalpy of the exhaust gas within one engine cycle was determined as a new diagnostic parameter. As a supplement, thermograms of the engine in various states of inoperability were presented. The obtained results were compared and a series of conclusions derived from them were presented. It was evaluated that numerical simulation is an excellent tool for planning experimental studies. Tests on the engine in operation were found to be the most diagnostically reliable.
Improving heat transfer in an air-cooled engine by redesigning the fins
Authors: SROKA Zbigniew Jan , Sufe Gadisa , Kejela Ebisa
Published: November 2024

Heat transfer modelling and simulation were carried out in a single-cylinder, four-stroke, air-cooled engine to evaluate the heat transfer rate of the engine block. The modelling studies of cylinders with different numbers of fins and different geometry were performed using the SolidWorks computer platform. The tested components were made of 6063-T6 aluminium alloy castings. The simulation concerned different numbers of fins as well as changing the geometry of fins with circular and rectangular perforations. The results of the studies showed the possibility of improving the power to mass ratio for cylinder efficiency and heat transfer rate. It was shown that a large number of fins leads to an increased heat transfer rate, but it affects the overall engine efficiency due to the increase in the total engine mass. Circular perforation is a better design solution than rectangular perforated fins with the same cross-section. Circular perforation provides a lower engine cylinder mass and gives more than 4 % better heat transfer rate. The perforation size was tested using circular perforations with a diameter of 7.14 mm, 8.5 mm and 10 mm. With a 7.14 mm diameter perforation the heat transfer rate increases slightly compared to the other tested ones, while a 10 mm diameter perforation provides the best mass reduction.
Profile of Traditional Fishermen on the Barito River
Authors: Munawarah Madinatul , Nur’aini Fatwa , Jumriani Jumriani , Rahmia Sovia Husni , Syarifuddin Syarifudin
Published: November 2024

Fishermen are residents who do the work of looking for fish to meet their living needs. The fishing gear used is a simple fishing tool that is still traditional, these fishermen are trying to meet their living needs, in an era that is increasingly advanced. These traditional fishermen look for fish in the Barito River. With traditional fishing gear, these river fishermen are trying to find luck in catching fish. These traditional fishermen gain knowledge in going to sea from the teachings of their previous parents. The purpose of this study is to describe the profile of traditional fishermen and their fish catches in the Barito River. Qualitative methods and descriptive approaches used by researchers. This research is located in Anjir Village, Serapat Muara. The instrument for writing this study is the researcher himself and the data collected by the data collection techniques used are observation, interviews and documentation. The subject of this study is fishermen in Anjir Serapat Muara Village. The results of the research are that fishermen in Anjir Serapat Muara village are traditional fishermen both in terms of tools, materials and transportation used. They go to sea because it is done from generation to generation. The catch of this traditional fisherman is still small. Because by using simple fishing gear, the catch of fish is still minimal. The conclusion of this study is that in Anjir Serapat Muara Village, there are people who work as river fishermen who use fishing gear and simple transportation to sea. Fishermen have the knowledge to go to sea to find fish obtained by fishermen from their parents who have been taught since childhood and have been passed on until now to meet their needs.
Causes of Early Marriage in Banjar Regency, Martapura District, City
Authors: Astuti Endang , Abbas Ersis Warmansyah , Rusmaniah Rusmaniah , Rahmia Sovia Husni , Syarifuddin Syarifuddin
Published: November 2024

The Early marriage is a marriage that occurs at a very young age, based on law 16 of 2019 where early marriage occurs at the age of 19 for men and women. Where children who marry young are often not physically mentally or emotionally mature. However, the facts researched at the Religious Affairs Office (KUA) of Martapura District, a city in Banjar Regency, where there are still many rates of early marriage, in the last 2 years from 2022-2023, even though it has been prohibited in Law 16 of 2019. Early marriage will still be allowed if there is a dispensation letter by the religious court. The purpose of this study is to be able to know. The impact of early marriage at the Religious Affairs Office in Banjar Regency, Martapura Kota District. And the researcher uses a qualitative research approach where the researcher tries to gain an understanding of the phenomenon in the problem being studied and in clarity of the statementor reality about the impact found, namely positive impact and negative impact.
Flipbook Maker is an Electronic Learning Media for Social Studies Subjects
Authors: Subiyakto Bambang , Jumriani Jumriani , Syaharuddin Syaharuddin , Rusmaniah Rusmaniah , Triyono Sigit , Jannah Fathul
Published: November 2024

Technology integration in learning is essential in this digital era to improve student interaction and understanding. This community service aims to develop and implement Flipbook Maker as an electronic learning media for Social Sciences (IPS) subjects. The methods used in this community service activity include the planning, training, implementation, and evaluation stages. First, a needs analysis was conducted to determine the material to be presented as a flipbook. Second, IPS teachers were given intensive training on integrating Flipbook Maker into the curriculum.Furthermore, the flipbooks that had been created were tested in several classes to see their effectiveness and student responses. The activity results showed that using Flipbook Maker as an electronic learning medium can increase student interest, facilitate material delivery, and enrich learning resources. The evaluation showed that most students felt more motivated and helped understand IPS material. Thus, Flipbook Maker can be an alternative and innovative learning media for IPS subjects.
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL AJAR BERBASIS ETNOMATEMATIKA UNTUK MELATIH SIKAP BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA KELAS IV SD/MI
Authors: Latifa Annisa , Karim Karim , Sari Asdini
Published: November 2024

Sikap berpikir kritis merupakan syarat awal memperoleh kemampuan berpikir kritis. Belum terlatihnya sikap berpikir kritis siswa mendasari bahwa perlu adanya peran guru serta perangkat ajar yang dapat memfasilitasi siswa untuk melatih sikap tersebut. Salah satunya adalah modul ajar berbasis etnomatematika. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan modul ajar berbasis etnomatematika yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Adapun jenis penelitian yang digunakan ialah Research and Development (R&D) dengan model 4D yang terbatas hingga tahap ketiga, yaitu tahap develop. Kevalidan modul ajar dinilai oleh tiga orang validator dengan persentase sebesar 90,30% atau berada pada kriteria sangat valid. Kepraktisan modul ajar ditinjau dari hasil respon siswa dengan persentase 75,60% atau berada pada kriteria praktis, hasil respon guru dengan persentase 85,71% atau berada pada kriteria sangat praktis, dan hasil observasi keterlaksanaan pembelajaran dengan persentase 84,93% atau berada pada kriteria baik. Sedangkan keefektifan modul ajar ditinjau dari hasil asesmen formatif dengan persentase ketuntasan sebesar 92% atau berada pada kriteria sangat efektif, hasil observasi sikap berpikir kritis siswa yang pada setiap pertemuannya mengalami peningkatan dengan persentase 70,93% atau berada pada kriteria kritis, dan hasil angket sikap berpikir kritis siswa dengan persentase 74,71% atau berada pada kriteria “kritis”. Dengan demikian, modul ajar berbasis etnomatematika untuk kelas IV SD/MI layak digunakan untuk melatih sikap berpikir kritis siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika karena telah mencapai kriteria valid, praktis, dan efektif.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN INTERAKTIF BERBASIS MICROSOFT POWERPOINT PADA MATERI BANGUN RUANG UNTUK SISWA SMP/MTS
Authors: Abdillah Muhammad Hafiz , Ansori Hidayah , Sari Asdini
Published: November 2024

Pendidikan penting dalam membentuk generasi muda yang cerdas dan kompeten. Salah satu tantangan utama dalam pendidikan adalah kurang optimalnya metode pembelajaran matematika. Pembelajaran efektif menekankan pemberdayaan peserta didik melalui interaksi aktif. Media pembelajaran seperti Microsoft PowerPoint dapat meningkatkan pemahaman dengan animasi dan hipertaut, menjadikannya solusi efisien karena mudah digunakan, relatif murah, dan tersedia di setiap desktop. Penelitian Ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis Microsoft PowerPoint pada materi bangun ruang untuk siswa SMP/MTs yang valid, praktis, dan efektif. Metode yang digunakan adalah R&D dengan model ADDIE oleh Lee & Owens, yang meliputi tahap penilaian/analisis, perancangan, pengembangan, implementasi, dan evaluasi. Instrumen penelitian berupa wawancara, angket, dan tes. Uji coba dilakukan di SMP Negeri 5 Banjarmasin dengan 8 peserta didik dan 1 pendidik. Teknik analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan pengukuran skala likert. Media pembelajaran dinyatakan valid dengan persentase kevalidan sebesar 100% dari hasil angket validasi ahli media dan 86,73% dari hasil angket validasi ahli materi, dinyatakan praktis dengan persentase kepraktisan sebesar 97,6% dari hasil angket respon pendidik dan 99,76% dari hasil angket respon peserta didik, dan dinyatakan efektif dengan persentase keefektifan sebesar 75% dari hasil tes sumatif peserta didik. Dengan demikian, media pembelajaran yang dihasilkan dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran matematika.
PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN PAHIT DAN ULAT PADA PECAHAN
Authors: Kholiq Abdul , Ansori Hidayah , Juhairiah Juhairiah
Published: November 2024

Pengembangan media pembelajaran merupakan salah satu aspek penting dalam meningkatkan efektifitas dan motivasi dalam proses pembelajaran, terutama dalam pembelajaran matematika. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan media pembelajaran yang valid, praktis dan efisien, sehingga dapat memotivasi siswa dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode Research and Development dengan model pengembangan Plomp, tahapan yang digunakan yaitu preliminary (tahap investigasi awal), design (tahap perencanaan), realization (konstruksi), dan test evaluation revision (tes evaluasi revisi). Instrumen pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa lembar validasi, angket respon siswa, angket respon guru dan angket motivasi. Hasil uji kevalidan dengan 3 orang validator didapat 92,67% dengan kriteria sangat valid. Hasil kepraktisan dari angket respon siswa sebesar 92,83% dengan kriteria sangat praktis dan dari angket respon guru didapat sebesar 100% dengan kriteria sangat praktis. Hasil keefektifan didapat kriteria sangat efektif dengan perolehan persentasi sebesar 88,5%. Media pembelajaran “Pahit dan Ulat” yang dikembangkan mendapat kriteria valid, praktis, dan efektif.
PENGEMBANGAN SOAL TES FORMATIF MATEMATIKA GARIS DAN SUDUT BERBASIS ETNOMATEMATIKA RUMAH ADAT BUBUNGAN TINGGI
Authors: Sara Hilma , Pasani Chairil Faif , Amalia Rizki
Published: November 2024

Penggunaan tes formatif dalam pembelajaran matematika termasuk kunci untuk mengukur dan meningkatkan pemahaman peserta didik secara berkelanjutan. Pengembangan tes formatif yang mengaitkan unsur budaya lokal seperti etnomatematika dari rumah adat Bubungan Tinggi masih sangat terbatas. Tujuan utama kajian ini ialah untuk memaparkan proses pengembangan soal tes formatif dengan memperhatikan aspek validitas serta reliabilitas sehingga menghasilkan soal tes formatif matematika yang reliabel dan valid yang bisa dipergunakan sebagai alat evaluasi pemahaman peserta didik terhadap materi garis dan sudut. Kajian ini mempergunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) atau penelitian pengembangan dengan model pengembangan tipe formative research. Uji coba ini dilaksanakan di MTs Negeri 2 Hulu Sungai Tengah dengan subjek penelitian untuk tahap one-to-one tiga orang peserta didik, untuk tahap small group enam orang peserta didik dan untuk tahap field test 35 orang peserta didik. Teknik pengumpulan data mempergunakan lembar angket respon peserta didik, lembar validasi dan 15 soal tes fomatif yang berbentuk pilihan ganda disertai dengan penyelesaiannya. Produk yang dikembangkan dinilai oleh dua orang validator ahli sehingga didapat skor validitas logis senilai 3,53 termasuk dalam kategori sangat valid. Uji validitas empiris  butir soal didapat sembilan soal valid, enam soal tidak valid dan uji reliabilitas didapat skor 0,657 termasuk dalam kategori reliabilitas tinggi. Sehingga kajian ini menghasilkan sembilan soal tes formatif matematika materi garis dan sudut berbasis etnomatematika rumah adat Bubungan Tinggi untuk SMP/MTs yang valid dan reliabel.
Simulation of resonant liquid sloshing in a tank with vertical baffles
Authors: Kovalev Vasyl , Chenyu Wei
Published: November 2024

The material presents the results of numerical modeling of internal fluid flows geometry in tanks that are subject to fluctuations due to external force influences. Similar applied problems occur when transporting large volumes of liquid, for example, in tanker ships. Given the rather significant moving masses within the reservoirs (tanks), as a rule, there are shock pressures on the walls and internal structures of the guiding devices, which can cause their deformation and even destruction, which leads to serious emergency situations.Numerous studies devoted to the determination of the force effects of liquid flows on the walls of tanks came to the conclusion that the presented phenomena are of a strongly nonlinear nature, depend not only on the amount of liquid and the directions of its movement within the tank, but also on the formation of velocity and pressure fields over time. The specified parameters are decisive in predicting possible resonance phenomena in tanks, which in turn can become the main factor in the design of means of damping or control of inertial fluid flows.The proposed work is devoted to the mathematical modeling of the mentioned phenomena in tanks, as well as the analysis of the force effect of internal inertial flows, which cause the occurrence of shock pressures on internal structures. On the basis of the indicated research results, it is possible to propose rational from the point of view of damping the design of guide devices in the form of flat rigid baffles.
Simulation of the effect of multi-particle temperature on Al6061 coating porosity based on Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) method
Authors: Tan Kun
Published: November 2024

Cold spray is a solid-state deposition technology widely used in additive manufacturing. The particles temperature is mostly used to adjust the porosity of the coating. This article uses Pyhon script to model the multi-particle model; then the multi-particle model is nested in the CEL deposition model to simulate the actual cold spray multi-particle deposition process; The CEL method has the characteristics of high accuracy and robustness and was selected as the simulation method for the multi-particle deposition model. The porosity of the coating is expressed by studying the value of the EVF void area in the Euler domain. Multiple groups of samples were taken on the coating surface to calculate the porosity of each group, and the average value was finally taken as the porosity of the entire coating. Numerical results show that increasing the particle temperature can effectively reduce the porosity of the coating. The average porosity of the coating under the particles temperature conditions are 600 K: 5.08 %; 650 K: 4.02 %; 700 K: 3.58 %; deposition completed the inside of the coating appears to be compacted. The substrate temperature will affect the combination of the coating and the substrate. It is recommended that the temperature difference between the particles and the substrate should not be too large. The CEL method simulates the process of cold spray multi-particle deposition, which is an effective method to observe and predict the porosity of the coating, which is also unachievable by the SPH and ALE methods.
Comprehensive analysis of arc methods of 3D printing of metal products: assessment of the efficiency and prospects of using TIG as a heat source
Authors: Horbenko Andrii , Zvorykin Constantine
Published: November 2024

In recent years, additive technologies have become increasingly important for the production of parts with complex geometries, enabling the rapid and efficient creation of objects with different shapes and configurations in industrial sectors such as medicine, aerospace and construction. The focus of the study was the analysis of arc processes for additive manufacturing, particularly through non-consumable electrode welding in an inert gas environment (TIG) and its applications as a heat source.
Modern methods of 3D printing metal products, such as SLM (Selective Laser Melting), EBM (Electron Beam Melting), and LMD (Laser Metal Deposition), allow the production of parts with good quality indicators: accuracy, surface roughness, mechanical properties, and others. However, these methods are expensive due to the technological complexity of the equipment, and a weakness of these methods is their low productivity compared to arc methods.
The results presented in this article show that the productivity of arc methods in additive manufacturing is several times higher than that of SLM, EBM, and LMD, and arc methods are more cost-effective due to lower equipment costs and reduced energy consumption. The article presents the schemes of arc methods of additive manufacturing. One of the promising directions in the development of hybrid technology, namely the use of the TIG heat source for sintering metal powders, offers an effective way to reduce the cost of additive manufacturing by replacing the laser as a heat source, while allowing the continued use of various types of metal powders, reinforcing materials, and metal-ceramic blends.
Desordens orais potencialmente malignas de acordo com a 5º edição da classificação dos tumores de cabeça e pescoço da Organização Mundial de Saúde: uma revisão da literatura
Authors: De Almeida Lima Borba Lopes Amanda , Marques Leticia , Ramos Vargas Tamiris , Peçanha Madureira Corrêa Yasmin , Soares Cunha Karin , Silva Junior Arley , Castex Conde Danielle
Published: November 2024

Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre as lesões orais classificadas como desordens potencialmente malignas (DPM) de acordo com 5° edição da classificação dos tumores de cabeça e pescoço da Organização Mundial da Saúde. Métodos: Foi utilizada a base de dados do PubMed, não sendo estabelecido um intervalo temporal, com o intuito de se obter o maior número de publicações possíveis, desde que as mesmas se encontrassem em inglês. Resultados: A prevalência mundial das DPM varia de 0,9 a 5%, sendo a leucoplasia, líquen plano oral e lesão liquenoide oral (LLO) as mais comuns e a língua e mucosa jugal os sítios mais acometidos. A taxa de transformação é mais elevada na leucoplasia verrucosa proliferativa, lesões no palato relacionadas ao fumo invertido, eritroplasia e fibrose submucosa e varia entre os grupos populacionais. Conclusão: Na mais recente classificação das DPM orais estabelecida pela OMS na 5° edição da Classificação dos Tumores de Cabeça e Pescoço, foram adicionadas, no grupo de DPM, a LLO, manifestações orais da doença do enxerto versus hospedeiro (DEVH) e síndromes de câncer familiar, como anemia de Fanconi, xeroderma pigmentoso, síndrome de Li Fraumeni, síndrome de Bloom, ataxia telangiectasia e síndrome de Cowden. Em contrapartida, existem, até o momento, evidências insuficientes sobre o potencial maligno da candidíase hiperplásica crônica e da glossite sifilítica, tendo sido, portanto, excluídas da lista de DPM.
AVALIAÇÃO DOS PARÂMETROS HEMATOLÓGICOS, PROTEÍNA C REATIVA E D-DÍMERO EM INDIVÍDUOS INFECTADOS PELO SARS COV-2
Authors: COELHO KÁTIA BERNARDES , PFRIMER IRMTRAUT ARACI HOFFMANN
Published: November 2024

Durante a COVID-19, o sistema hematopoiético é afetado e alterado pela infecção  sistêmica causada pelo vírus. Durante o curso da doença, neutrofilia, eosinofilia,  trombocitopenia, níveis elevados de D-dímero e fibrinogênio e alterações morfológicas de leucócitos, eritrócitos e plaquetas podem ser observados. Este trabalho visa analisar as principais alterações hematológicas associadas à infecção  por SARS-CoV-2, bem como a proteína C reativa (PCR) e o D-dímero em indivíduos com  diagnóstico de COVID-19 leve e COVID-19 grave. Trata-se de uma pesquisa  transversal analítica, utilizando-se de uma amostra com 40  indivíduos da cidade de Gurupi/TO, com infecção aguda. Os indivíduos participantes do estudo foram distribuídos em dois grupos: 20 pacientes sem internação hospitalar (casos leves)  e 20 hospitalizados (casos graves). Os dados evidenciam que a COVID-19  se manifesta de forma mais grave em indivíduos com mais de 60 anos. Além disso, os níveis de D-dímero e PCR aumentaram significativamente nos indivíduos que  tiveram COVID-19 grave. As alterações no hemograma se relacionaram com um  aumento dos bastonetes e segmentados em relação à COVID-19  grave. Além disso, valores diminuídos na COVID-19 grave foram encontrados nas  hemácias, hematócrito e hemoglobina. Conclui-se que há um claro padrão  anormal de parâmetros hematológicos em pacientes graves com COVID-19. Os resultados dos exames de sangue são relevantes no prognóstico e acompanhamento do paciente com COVID-19.
The Carbon-Based Evolutionary Theory (CBET)
Authors: Chen Ji-Ming , Chen Ji-Wang
Published: November 2024

Why did simple carbon-based materials (CBMs) on Earth evolve into complex, orderly, and diverse life and societies? Extensive research has yet to explicitly and comprehensively answer this fundamental question in science. Here we propose the Carbon-Based Evolutionary Theory (CBET), which could offer the first explicit and holistic answer to this question. CBET meticulously integrates numerous factors critical to evolution from a bird's-eye view using mathematical logic and the novel terms of eight hierarchies of CBMs. The integration reveals three mechanisms: the driving force mechanism, the structure-function mechanism, and the natural selection mechanism, which hierarchically escalates the complexity of CBMs, increases the abundance, diversity, and orderliness of complex CBMs, and leads to chemical, biological, and social evolution of CBMs. CBET clarifies the intricate relationships among materials, energy, structures, functions, and orderliness and uncovers the natural roots of multiple crucial social notions, such as the balance between inclusiveness and competition and the balance between selfishness and altruism. CBET bridges the natural and social sciences and advocates for the balanced, harmonious, and peaceful development of human societies.
The Sentinel Sleep Theory: Unweaving The Biological Function of REM Sleep
Authors: Spinassi Raffael
Published: November 2024

The biological function of rapid eye movement (or REM) sleep—one of the great mysteries of neuroscience and evolutionary biology—remains unknown. Here, I demonstrate that the biological function of REM sleep is to heighten brain alertness, significantly reducing the high vulnerability of deep sleep. Every organism with a nervous system must undergo deep sleep: a necessity that comes with substantial vulnerability. Deep sleep, by lowering alertness, compromises the organism's safety, putting its survival at risk. Therefore, REM sleep is a necessary adaptation for any organism that must sleep. My primary goal here is to present a comprehensive conceptual framework—supported by extensive empirical evidence—to connect numerous disparate empirical findings under a unified theory of the biological function of REM sleep. Additionally, I also provide a historical narrative to explain its origin and subsequent evolution. To test the theory, I drew on a substantial body of evidence and testable hypotheses. All hypotheses capable of empirical verification were corroborated, revealing that the theory is widely corroborated. Furthermore, it also resisted numerous attempts at refutation. All of this allows me to claim that I solved this great enigma of science. In addition to solving one of the biggest theoretical problems in neuroscience and evolutionary biology, my article will change the way REM sleep research is planned and carried out.
Approximation Properties of Chlodovsky Type Two Dimensional Bernstein Operators Based on (p, q)−integers
Authors: Karabıyık Ümit , Karaisa Ali , Ayık Adem
Published: November 2024

Mevcut çalışmada, (p, q)−tam sayıya dayalı iki boyutlu Chlodovsky tipi Bernstein operatörlerini tanıtıyoruz. Yeni operatörümüzün yaklaşıklık özelliklerini Korovkin tipi teorem yardımıyla inceliyoruz. Ayrıca, yerel yaklaşıklık özelliklerini sunuyoruz ve süreklilik modülü ve Lipschitz tipi maksimal fonksiyon vasıtasıyla yakınsama oranlarını belirliyoruz. Ayrıca, bu operatörler için bir Voronovskaja tipi teorem veriyoruz. Ve, bu operatörlerin ağırlıklı yaklaşıklık özelliklerini inceliyoruz ve aynı uzayda yakınsama oranını tahmin ediyoruz. Son olarak, Maple'ın yardımıyla, açıklayıcı grafikler bu operatörlerin belirli fonksiyonlara yakınsama oranlarını göstermektedir. Sistem kontrolü sırasında operatörler tarafından yaklaşıklık hızlarının optimizasyonu, kararlılık ve performansta önemli iyileştirmeler sağlar. Sonuç olarak, dinamik sistemlerin kontrolü ve modellenmesi yenilikçi yöntemlerle daha verimli ve etkili hale gelir. Kesirli diferansiyel denklemlerin modellenmesi ve kontrol teorisi alanındaki bu gelişmeler, hem modelleme hem de optimizasyon süreçlerine önemli faydalar sunarak bu alanlardaki uygulama yelpazesini genişletmektedir.
Analysis of Usual Consumption of Vitamin D Among Adult Individuals in Italy
Authors: Nuti Ranuccio , Gennari Luigi , Cavati Guido , Caffarelli Carla , Frediani Bruno , Gonnelli Stefano , Catalano Antonino , Francucci Cristiano Maria , Laurentaci Concetta , Letizia Mauro Giulia , Malavolta Nazzarena , Mazzantini Maurizio , Minisola Giovanni , Russo Raffaella , Sabatino Pasqualino , Pinto Monica , Salomone Sergio , Tei Luciano , Vescini Fabio , Xourafa Anastasia , Merlotti Daniela
Published: November 2024

The condition of vitamin D deficiency represents a significant public health problem. In Europe, hypovitaminosis is common not only in the elderly population but also between 50 and 70 years, both in males and females. Data regarding vitamin D intake in the Italian population are very limited. In a recent report performed to validate a specific Frequency Food Questionnaire (FFQ), we observed in a small group of healthy subjects that the dietary intake of vitamin D, both in females and males, was far below the average. With the aim of expanding our preliminary data, we conducted a survey on a large cohort of subjects from different areas of Northern, Central, and Southern Italy. The FFQ contained 11 different questions regarding the type and amount of intake of foods containing vitamin D. It was submitted to 870 subjects, 627 females and 243 males, with age ranged from 40 to 80 years; 31.6% of the studied population was apparently in good health, while 68.4% were affected by different pathologies. Present data confirm previous observations: the global amount of vitamin D intakes in 14 days were 70.8 μg + 1.8 (SE) in females and 87.5 μg + 1.9 (SE) in males; the mean daily intakes of vitamin D in females and males were 5.05 μg + 0.17 (SE) and 6.25 μg + 0.21 (SE) for females and males, respectively. In healthy subjects, a gradual decrease was observed in the overall intake of vitamin D in both females and males according to increase in age bracket, ranging from 74.5 μg and 103.8 μg in the 40-50 age group to 54.5 μg and 87.8 μg in the 71-80 age group, respectively. In conclusion, present data collected in a large Italian cohort underscore that the daily intake of vitamin D is far below the recommended daily average, so contributing to the development of potential hypovitaminosis.
Oral Health Quality of Life in Adolescents and Young Adults
Authors: Puđa Iva Klarić , Majstorović Martina , Goršeta Kristina , Jurić Hrvoje
Published: November 2024

Background/Objectives: To examine the relationship between quality of life and oral health in adolescents and young adults in the area of the city of Zagreb. Methods: 250 examinees, in the area of the city of Zagreb, between the ages of 14 and 25 participated in this research. All examinees were examined by a doctor of oral medicine with a probe and mirror in a dental unit and their DMFT status has been determined. All examinees filled out a specially crafted questionnaire about their socioeconomic status (SES) as well as a questionnaire about the influence of their life quality on dental health (OHIP-14). Results: Caries is the most common dental issue among adolescents (2.23±2.58) and restoration (54%) is the most common treatment performed by dentist. Endodontic treatment and tooth extraction are more common among people with a lower socioeconomic status (24.1%) and their DMFT scores are worse (8.09±5.56). Prophylaxis is equally distributed based on socioeconomic status and gender. Male patients have more carious teeth (2.75±3.07) than female patients (1.85 ±2.08), while the female patients show poorer scores on the OHIP-14 (10.97±8.77) scale in comparison to men (8.81±8.11). Age positively correlates with both OHIP-14 and DMFT scales. Conclusion: DMFT scores of adolescents and young adults in the area of the city of Zagreb are very poor. OHIP-14 scores are also worse. It could be concluded that young people in the area of the city of Zagreb have a poorer DMFT status and poorer life quality in regards to their oral health. Considering that DMFT and OHIP-14 scores get higher with age, the importance of oral health should be emphasized more among this population. The acquired results showcase the importance and need of implementing preventative measures for adolescents.
FAM98 Family Proteins Play Distinct Roles in Osteoclastogenesis and Bone Resorption
Authors: Wang Lei , Minocha Tarun , Das Bhaba K , Kunika Mikaela D , Kannan Aarthi , Gao Ling , Mohan Subburaman , Xing Weirong , Varughese Kottayil I , Zhao Haibo
Published: November 2024

There are three FAM98 family proteins (FAM98A/B/C) in human and mice. Their physiological functions remain largely unknown. We have previously reported that Fam98a interacts with Plekhm1 in murine osteoclasts and functions in lysosome trafficking/secretion and bone resorption in osteoclasts in vitro. In this study, we found that all three Fam98 genes were expressed in precursor and mature osteoclasts. While knockdown of Fam98c by a specific short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) in osteoclast precursors attenuated osteoclastogenesis, depletion of Fam98b by a shRNA specifically disrupted osteoclast lysosome trafficking and bone resorption with phenotypes similar to Fam98a shRNA-knockdown in our previous study. Loss of Fam98a in myeloid osteoclast precursors was dispensable for trabecular and cortical bone mass in mice as well as osteoclastogenesis/bone resorption in vitro, possibly due to compensation by increased Fam98b expression in Fam98a-null osteoclasts. These findings indicate that the three Fam98 proteins play distinct roles in osteoclastogenesis and osteoclast function, respectively, that need further investigation in future studies.
Research on the Dynamic and Energetic Performances of an Electric SUV in Real Driving Conditions
Authors: Ancuta Alexandru-Adrian , Rentea Cristian-Alexandru , Iozsa Daniel-Mihail
Published: November 2024

This paper aims to present a particular study of the performances of electric vehicles based on real driving conditions on a cycle carried out using the general conditions of Regulation (EU) 1832/2018 regarding RDE tests. In this sense, a modern electric SUV was used and the experimental tests were made using a measuring equipment connected to the vehicle via the OBD2 plug. In the following, the experimental results will be analyzed and presented and the main influencing factors on the energy performance that may occur in real running conditions will be identified.
Experimental Assessment of Magnetic Nanofluid Injection in High Salinity and Heavy Crude Saturated Sandstone: Mitigation of Formation Damage
Authors: Gómez-Delgado Jimena Lizeth , Gutierrez-Niño Nelson , Carrillo-Moreno Luis , Martinez-Lopez Raul , Santos-Santos Nicolas , Mejía-Ospino Enrique
Published: November 2024

The depletion of conventional oil reserves has intensified the search for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques. This research investigates the synthesis and application of magnetic graphene oxide nanoparticles (MGONs) for EOR in heavy crude oil reservoirs. MGONs were synthesized and stabilized in high-total dissolved solids (TDS) formation brine with xanthan gum polymer. Two coreflooding experiments were conducted on sandstone cores. The first experiment in high-permeability sandstone (843 mD) showed no formation damage; instead, permeability increased to 935 mD after MGON injection. Irreducible water saturation (Swirr) and residual oil saturation (Sor) were 25.1% and 31.5%, respectively. The second experiment in lower-permeability rock (231.3 mD) evaluated nanoparticle retention. Results showed 0.09511 mg of MGON adsorbed per gram of rock under dynamic conditions. Iron concentration in effluents stabilized after 3 pore volumes, indicating steady-state adsorption. The successful synthesis, stability in high-TDS brine, favorable interfacial properties, and positive effects observed in coreflooding experiments collectively highlight MGONs' potential as a viable solution for enhancing oil recovery in challenging reservoirs, without causing formation damage.
Environmental Fate, Ecotoxicity and Remediation of Heterocyclic Pharmaceuticals as Emerging Contaminants: A Review of Long-Term Risks and Impacts
Authors: Baaloudj Oussama , Scrano Laura , Bufo Sabino , Modley Lee-Ann Sade , Lelario Filomena , Zizzamia Angelica Rebecca , Emanuele Lucia , Brienza Monica
Published: November 2024

Heterocyclic pharmaceuticals are emerging contaminants due to their toxic, carcinogenic nature and detrimental impact on the natural ecosystem. These compounds pose a significant environmental concern given their widespread use in medical therapy, constituting over 90% of new medications. Their unique chemical structure contributes to their persistence in various environmental matrices, necessitating urgent measures to mitigate their risks. This review comprehensively examines the sources, environmental fate, toxicity, and long-term risks associated with heterocyclic pharmaceuticals, proposing potential remediation strategies. The article commences with an overview of the diverse types of heterocyclic pharmaceuticals and their applications, focusing on compounds containing heteroatoms such as nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur. Subsequently, it explores the sources and pathways through which these pollutants enter the environment, including wastewater discharge, agricultural runoff, improper disposal, resistance to biodegradation, and bioaccumulation. The toxic effects and long-term consequences of exposure to heterocyclic pharmaceuticals are then discussed, encompassing neurotoxicity, genotoxicity, mutagenesis, cardiovascular and metabolic toxicity, carcinogenicity, and teratogenesis. Additionally, the review summarizes various remediation strategies and treatment solutions aimed at reducing the environmental impact of these compounds, drawing insights from the literature. The research concludes by identifying critical areas for future research, emphasizing the urgent need for more effective remediation strategies to address the growing concern posed by these emerging contaminants.
From Single-Cell RNA Sequencing to Functional Networks: Understanding Genetic Variants in Cancer Through Perturb-seq
Authors: Chinchilla Caravaca Jesús
Published: November 2024

This project introduces a comprehensive pipeline that integrates various bioinformatics tools and methodologies derived from extensive bibliographic research to leverage Perturb-seq, a high-throughput sequencing method, for finding complex altered protein–protein interaction (PPi) subnetworks in cancer variants. The pipeline demonstrates excellent performance, successfully distinguishes impactful, identifies variants with similar expression profiles, and shows promising results for retrieving key affected modules already observed in KRAS and TP53 variants. These promising results indicate the potential of the Perturb-seq approach to become a standard strategy for uncovering not only common significantly expressed genes, but also interactors that could be targeted in future therapeutic strategies. All code to recapitulate the analysis is available along with documentation of pipeline usage at https://github.com/jesusch10/perturbseq_analysis.
Lactate Is a Strong Predictor of Poor Outcomes in Patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Sharma Bharti , Jiang Winston , Dhole Yashoda , Agriantonis George , Bhatia Navin D. , Shafaee Zahra , Twelker Kate , Whittington Jennifer
Published: November 2024

Background: Lactate is a metabolic byproduct. It has traditionally been seen as a byproduct of oxygen-deprived glycolysis and ischemia. Therefore, our main goal is to examine the influence of lactate levels (LLs) on clinical outcomes in patients with severe Traumatic brain injury (TBI). Method: This is a level 1 single-center, retrospective study of patients with severe TBI between January 1, 2020- December 31, 2023, inclusive. Only patients with an Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS), value of 3 or higher were included. Results: Single-factor ANOVA indicated a significant increase in LLs with decreasing age (Hospital admission: p = 1.53E-13, ICU admission: p = 0.0183, Hospital discharge: p = 0.02, Death: p = 0.0149). Linear regression models showed a significant decrease in age compared to Hospital admission LLs (p = 2.65E-09), Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission LLs (p = 0.01), and Death LLs (p = 0.00295). Prognostic scores such as Injury Severity Scores (ISS) and Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) showed a strong correlation with both Hospital admission and ICU admission LLs. ANOVA indicated higher LLs with increasing ISS (Hospital admission: p = 5.22E-06, ICU admission: p = 1.92E-05) and increasing LLs with decreasing GCS (Admission: p = 3.42E-08, ICU admission: p = 1.74E-09). Linear regressions revealed a strong positive correlation between ISS and LLs (Hospital admission: p = 3.69E-07, ICU admission: p = 2.90E-06). On linear regression, the lactate level measured at hospital admission and ICU admission strongly positively associated with the length of stay (LOS) in the hospital (Hospital admission: p = 0.00342, ICU admission: p = 0.0163), LOS in the ICU (Hospital admission: p = 0.0141, ICU admission: p = 0.0234), ventilator days (Hospital admission: p = 0.002513, ICU admission: p = 8.23E-05), and mortality (Hospital admission: p = 8.13E-05, ICU admission: p = 3.93E-05). Discussion: We discovered that high LLs were linked to longer stays in the hospital and ICU, as well as more days requiring a ventilator, and higher mortality rates in patients with severe TBI. Enhanced LLs had the most notable impact on the number of days on a ventilator and mortality, followed by longer hospital and ICU stays. Therefore, lactate can be considered a strong predictor of poor clinical outcomes in patients with severe TBI.