bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GENERATION CENTERS, OIL AND GAS SUPPLY CHANNELS AND HYDROCARBON ACCUMULATIONS, AS A TRIUNE FLUID — DYNAMIC SYSTEM
Authors: Daukaev A.A. , Abubakarova E.A.
Published: December 2024

The aim of the research is to increase the efficiency of geological exploration for oil and gas in highly developed oil and gas areas by adjusting the theoretical foundations taking into account modern concepts of oil and gas formation and the formation of hydrocarbon accumulations. The hypothesis of the research is that focal formation and concentrated flow of fluids into the sedimentary cover determined the concentrated location of hydrocarbon fields in the intersection zones of deep faults. The article, based on the analysis of the views of various researchers, presents the problem of hydrocarbon generation in deep conditions and the influence of fluid-dynamic processes on the location of oil and gas structures within the Terek-Caspian Trough (TCP). The article briefly describes the state of controversy about the deep formation of hydrocarbons and the formation of their accumulations in the depths of the earth, starting with the mineral hypothesis of D.I. Mendeleyev. A fluid-dynamic model of the Starogroznenskoye field is presented as an example of deep formation of oil and gas and the formation of a multi-layer field due to vertical migration of hydrocarbon fluids along fault zones. Ideas are given about the formation of deep fluid-saturated zones in the form of waveguides and oil-supply channels. Similarities and differences in the views of different researchers on the issues of oil and gas formation in deep conditions are noted. Different researchers are unanimous in their opinion that hydrocarbon deposits are formed due to vertical migration of hydrocarbon fluids along fault zones from deep subcrustal centers of oil and gas formation. As one of the arguments for the difference in views of supporters of different hypotheses and concepts of oil and gas formation, their different methodological approaches to the identified problem are given. The periodic nature of fluid migration and the fluid regime of hydrocarbon deposits, associated mainly with the tectonic activity of the territories, is noted.
DEVELOPMENT OF PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR ABRASION TEST OF PDC CUTTERS
Authors: Kolibasov V.A. , Ibatullin I.D. , Parfenov K.V. , Gordeeva E.S.
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the development and implementation of innovative approaches in the field of quality assurance of components for diamond drill bits, in particular PDC (Polycrystalline Diamond Compact) cutters. The present study is aimed at analyzing the wear mechanisms of PDC cutters and developing a technique and device for their quantitative assessment using abrasive wear with a diamond cutting disc.Based on a review of the literature, it was found that many existing methods for assessing the wear of PDC cutters do not take into account some important aspects of the interaction of the cutting element with the abrasive material. To solve this problem, modern tribometers are used in the study, which allow tests to be carried out with a high degree of control over experimental conditions.The problem of the study lies in the fact that the use of powder technologies in the production of teeth leads to the production of materials with a wide range of mechanical properties, even if regulations are followed. Therefore, the quality of PDC cutters, if appropriate certificates are available, does not depend on the brand or price. This leads to the need to develop a methodology that would allow determining the reliability and durability of PDC cutters.The purpose of the study is to develop and validate a technique for testing the abrasive wear of PDC cutters, which will be adapted to various operating conditions. In order to achieve this goal, the following tasks are set: analysis of existing methods of wear research, development of a new device for testing, experimental evaluation of the proposed methodology, determination of rational test modes.To achieve this research goal, the method of wear with a diamond cutting disc was chosen, which is considered one of the most adaptive in conditions of high abrasiveness. The test bench includes a tribometer with a measuring unit, a device that allows you to monitor and record wear parameters in real time. This allows not only to record the moment when the critical wear of the cutter is reached, but also to analyze the wear dynamics depending on different operating conditions.The developed technique involves a series of experiments using a certain type of abrasive material and operating conditions, which will allow us to evaluate the versatility and effectiveness of PDC cutters in a variety of drilling conditions.
Factores sociodemográficos, de estilo de vida, antecedentes e indicadores metabólicos específicos asociados a Helicobacter pylori en empleados de una universidad privada mexicana
Authors: Grajeda Díaz Orlando Otoniel , Danielle Valentine Olivia , Rios Martínez Vianey , Verenice González Mejia , Lesly Michaud Dally Anne , Jerdayne Semper Chyráne , Pérez Acosta Josué Alberto
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: analizar la asociación entre factores sociodemográficos, de estilo de vida, antecedentes e indicadores metabólicos específicos (IMEs) con la presencia de Helicobacter pylori. Metodología: un estudio analítico, prospectivo y transversal fue realizado con empleados de una universidad privada del noreste de México durante agosto-mayo 2021-22, aplicando una encuesta para el perfil epidemiológico y la prueba sanguínea SD Bioline para H. pylori para identificar la asociación entre sociodemografía, estilo de vida, antecedentes y H. pylori. Utilizando Jamovi, se aplicaron las pruebas estadísticas regresión binomial y Odds Ratio. Resultados: de 119 participantes, 28,6% fue positivo a H. pylori. Usando modelos de regresión logística binomial se obtuvo que los trabajadores que frecuentaba de manera “Regular” el mismo lugar para comer tenían 86.21% (OR=0.138, IC 95% 0.029, 0.644) menos posibilidad de ser H. pylori positivo comparados con los que respondieron “Algunas veces”. Respecto al IMC, a comparación a personas con IMC normal, las personas con sobrepeso tuvieron 182% (OR= 2.87, IC 95% 1.04, 7.89) mayor posibilidad de tener una prueba H. pylori positiva, independientemente de la edad. Conclusión: el estilo de vida fue el mayor predictor de la presencia de H. pylori. Frecuentar regularmente los mismos lugares de comer fue factor protector contra infección de H pylori comparado con los que come en establecimientos familiares solo algunas veces. Además, un IMC superior a 24,9 (sobrepeso) aumenta casi tres veces el riesgo de tener H. pylori en comparación con aquellos en un rango de IMC normal.
Presencia de bacterias en las manos de los niños de primero de primaria de la unidad educativa “Zenobio Quiñones” – Vinto
Authors: Ucharico Apaza Angélica , Orellana Salazar Javier
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: identificar, la presencia de bacterias en las manos de los niños de la Unidad Educativa Zenobio Quiñones del Municipio de Vinto. Metodología: estudio descriptivo, de enfoque cuantitativo, de corte transversal realizado a 52 estudiantes del nivel primero de primaria. Se cultivaron muestras y se identificaron bacterias aisladas y los datos obtenidos fueron analizados con Microsoft Excel. Resultados: se identificaron bacterias Gram-positivas y Gram-negativas. Las primeras fueron más abundantes, representando el 75% de las bacterias encontradas. Destacó Staphylococcus aureus con el 50%, seguido de Staphylococcus epidermidis con un 11,46% y Streptococcus sp., con un 10,42%. En cuanto a las bacterias Gram negativas, la más abundante fue Pseudomonas con un 15,63%, seguida de Escherichia coli con un 5,21%. Conclusión: se detectó presencia bacteriana en las manos de todas las muestras. Por lo que, es necesario proponer acciones educativas sobre el lavado de manos para reforzar los hábitos de higiene en ambientes educativos y en el hogar, con el fin de prevenir enfermedades.
Influencia de la dependencia a los videojuegos y las habilidades sociales sobre la conducta agresiva en adolescentes de Juliaca
Authors: Quenta Hancco Mary , Puma Sapillado Karyme
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: determinar si la dependencia a los videojuegos y las habilidades sociales influyen sobre la conducta agresiva en adolescentes. Metodología: la metodología utilizada corresponde a un estudio tipo explicativo y corte transversal, de diseño no experimental. Participaron 245 estudiantes del 3er año de secundaria, con edades entre 13 y 15 años. Resultados: el análisis de regresión múltiple arrojó un coeficiente de relación R=0.390 y un coeficiente de determinación ajustado R²=0.145. La variable adicción a los videojuegos posee un coeficiente beta b=0.189, es decir que la Adicción a los videojuegos es una variable directamente predictora de intensidad muy baja sobre la agresividad. Por otro lado, las habilidades sociales poseen un coeficiente beta b=-0321, es decir influye indirectamente de intensidad baja sobre la agresividad. Conclusión: los estudiantes que muestran mayor adicción a los videojuegos y menores habilidades sociales tienen una probabilidad de hasta un 14% de presentar conductas agresivas.
CALCULATION OF CHARACTERISTICS OF AVALNCHE GE/SI PHOTODIODES FOR A WAVELENGTH OF 850 NM
Authors:   Tomsk State University, DEEB H. , LOZOVOY K.A. ,   Tomsk State University, KOKHANENKO A.P. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: December 2024

In this work, estimations are made of the gain, bandwidth, and absorption efficiency of Ge/Si avalanche photodiodes (Ge/Si APDs) with nanoholes for photon trapping at 850 nm. The proposed design of the Ge/Si avalanche photodiode with photon traps allows you to significantly increase the gain, bandwidth, and absorption efficiency. It has been demonstrated that it is possible to improve the absorption efficiency of the photodetector without compromising the gain and speed of the device. The results of the work can be used to design Ge/Si avalanche photodiodes with trap structures, possessing high gain, speed, and absorption efficiency, in advanced technologies, such as fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy, positron emission tomography, quantum communication systems, lidar technologies, and 3D visualization systems.
STUDY OF MECHANICAL PARAMETERS OF THE SENSITIVE ELEMENT OF THE RESONANT-FREQUENCY PRESSURE SENSOR
Authors:   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, TALOVSKAYA A.A. , MOKHOVIKOV D.M. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, BARBIN E.S. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, KULINICH I.V. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics, GULIAEVA A.A. ,   Tomsk State University of Control Systems and Radioelectronics
Published: December 2024

The paper considers the sensitive element of the resonant-frequency pressure sensor, its characteristics, and comparison with other types of pressure sensors. As a result of the analysis, it was revealed that the main disadvantages of this type of devices are low values of sensitivity. To solve this problem, it is proposed to replace the monocrystalline silicon membrane by a composite membrane with a subsequent change in the geometry of resonators. To confirm the effectiveness of this method, modeling of the silicon and composite membrane is presented, showing the change in the frequency of natural oscillations and internal stresses.
GENERATION CHARACTERISTICS OF ACTIVE POLYMER WAVEGUIDE WITH BOROFLUORIDE COMPLEXES OF DIPYRROMETHENES
Authors:   Tomsk State University, TEL'MINOV E.N. , BERDYBAEVA SH.T. ,   Tomsk State University, SOLODOVA T.A. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: December 2024

The results of a study of the luminescent and generation characteristics of an active photovoltaic planar waveguide made of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) doped with borofluoride complexes of 2,2'-bisBODIPY are presented. The features of the spectral characteristics in a toluene solution and a thin-film waveguide made of PMMA doped with 2,2'-bisBODIPY are noted. The photostability value of 2,2'-bisBODIPY in the PMMA film is significantly higher than the photostability value in the toluene solution. Threshold characteristics of laser generation in the planar waveguide made of PMMA doped with 2,2'-bisBODIPY are investigated. It is shown that near the generation threshold in an active planar waveguide, the generation line first narrows and then, the radiation intensity exponentially increases.
PRODUCTION OF THE HIGGS BOSON AND γ-QUANTUM IN MUON-ANTIMUON COLLISIONS (I)
Authors:   Baku State University, ABDULLAYEV S.K. , GOJAYEV M.SH. ,   Baku State University
Published: December 2024

Within the framework of the Standard Model, the process of associated production of the Higgs boson H and a γ-quantum in muon-antimuon collisions is considered: μ-μ+ → Hγ. Taking into account the helicities of the muon-antimuon pair and the circular (linear) polarization of the γ-quantum, analytical expressions are obtained for the differential and integral cross sections of the process. The degrees of circular and linear polarization of the γ-quantum are determined and the dependence of these characteristics, as well as the effective cross section of the process, on the emission angle θγ and the energy s1/2 of the muon-antimuon pair, is studied in detail.
STUDY OF STRUCTURAL AND ELECTROMAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS BASED ON CARBON NANOTUBES FOR ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPATIBILITY
Authors:   Tomsk State University, KOROVIN E.YU. , KACHALOV A.S. ,   Tomsk State University, GLADKOV YU.N. ,   Tomsk State University; Research and Production Center POLYUS, SUSLYAEV V.I. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: December 2024

The possibility of using composite elastomers to provide electromagnetic sealing of high-frequency radio-electronic equipment has been demonstrated. The results of a study of the spectra of complex values of the permittivity of elastomers based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes depending on the concentration at microwave frequencies are presented. It is shown that an increase in the concentration of MWCNTs leads to a monotonic increase in the real and imaginary parts of the complex permittivity. The influence of the technological gap size on the electromagnetic sealing of a block of high-frequency equipment was simulated in the CST STUDIO SUITE software environment.
FERROMAGNETIC GALLIUM NITRIDE DOPED WITH IMPURITIES OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS AS A MATERIAL FOR SPINTRONICS
Authors:   Tomsk State University, KHLUDKOV S.S. , PRUDAEV I.A. ,   Tomsk State University, TOLBANOV O.P. ,   Tomsk State University, IVONIN I.V. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: December 2024

A review of the literature on the magnetic properties of gallium nitride doped with rare earth elements (REE) is given. The properties of GaN doped with REE in the process of layer growth by molecular beam and mos hydride epitaxy, as well as in the process of ion doping, are considered. GaN films doped with rare earth elements, as a rule, acquire ferromagnetic properties with a Curie temperature above room temperature.
UNCERTAINTY RELATIONS WITH HIGHER CENTRAL MOMENTS FOR QUANTUM SYSTEMS
Authors:   Institute of Mechanics and Engineering - Subdivision of the Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science «Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences», ZARIPOV R.G.
Published: December 2024

A matrix analogue of the Robertson - Schrödinger uncertainty relation is considered for the thermodynamic description of the states of quantum systems with higher central moments of physical quantities. A generalization of the Rao - Kramer quantum inequality in thermodynamic equilibrium is given. New uncertainty relations are obtained.
SIZE QUANTIZATION IN SEMICONDUCTORS IN THE THREE-BAND KANE APPROXIMATION
Authors:   Fergana State University, RASULOV V.R. , RASULOV R.YA. ,   Fergana State University, URINOVA K.K. ,   Kokand State Pedagogical Institute, KASYMOV F.U. ,   Fergana State University
Published: December 2024

The microscopic mechanism of size quantization of the conduction band and valence band of semiconductors of cubic and tetrahedral symmetry has been theoretically investigated in the Kane approximation. It is shown that the matrix Schrödinger equation obtained on the basis of the Kane model cannot be solved analytically for a potential well of an arbitrary profile. Therefore, expressions for the energy spectrum are obtained depending on the two-dimensional wave vector directed along the interface of the heterostructure for various cases that differ in the range of current carrier energy values. The size-quantized energy spectra of electrons in the conduction band and holes in the subband of light holes in InSb and GaAs semiconductors are analyzed in the three-band Kane model.
ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF STRUCTURES METAL - PB0.75SN 0.25TE
Authors:   Azerbaijan State University of Economics, AKHUNDOVA N.M. , ALIYEVA T.C. ,   Institute of Physics of the Ministry of Science and Education of the Republic of Azerbaijan
Published: December 2024

Single crystals of Pb0.75Sn0.25Te solid solution with an excess of lead up to 1.0 at.% were grown, metal-semiconductor structures based on them were created, and their contact resistances r c were studied in the range 77-300 K. It was found that r c is determined mainly by the donor effect of Pb in the specified crystal, the diffusion of metal components (Bi-Sn and In-Ag-Au alloys) into the contact region of the crystal, as well as the formation of metal shunts in this region.
IN-SILICO STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF SHOCK-WAVE LOADING ON THE CONDITIONS FOR DEACTIVATION OF CANCER CELLS
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, EREMINA G.M. , SMOLIN A.YU. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, MARTYSHINA I.P. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2024

Malignant neoplasms of the spine are considered one of the types of cancer most capable of actively developing secondary tumor processes. Recent studies have shown that compressive stresses of more than 40 kPa lead to the arrest of growth and migration of cancer cells. In this work, at the meso level, a numerical study was carried out of the effect of mechanical stresses of a therapeutic shock wave on bone tissue affected by neoplastic processes with the aim of regenerating skeletal tissue and deactivating cancerous areas. It has been established that the use of moderate-intensity shock wave loading is effective and safe for stopping the growth of malignant tumors of the spine.
BIG DATA AND HISTORICAL MEMORY RESEARCH: REPRESENTATIONS OF THE WHITE MOVEMENT IN THE TEMPORAL DISCOURSES OF INTERNET COMMUNITIES
Authors:   Tomsk State University, TRUBNIKOVA N.V. , ROGAEVA I.E. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: December 2024

The aim of the article is to investigate the problems of historical memory and related visualizations of the future on the basis of an applied intellectual analysis of big data of historically oriented communities of the Internet. The research problem is to conceptualize the approach, which expands the cognitive possibilities of historical memory studies, and to find a relevant research methodology, which needs to be discussed. Such research has not been conducted before. On the basis of historical (printed materials of the White Movement) and historiographical sources, as well as an array of unstructured big data of the Internet, the article shows the White Civil War Movement representations, characteristic of the communities of the social network VKontakte, and the temporal discourses associated with them - discourses on the relationship between the past, present, and future. The history of the Internet offers a colossal and still underutilized resource of unstructured social network big data. This resource can be used to identify key markers of collective memory, which are always based on the understanding of historical experience by the “imagined communities” of social networks. A significant segment of RuNet network communities, united by the idea of searching for one’s worldview, are obviously grouped around iconic and therefore always polemical subjects of Russian history. It is the ideological correlation/identification of oneself with certain events or forms of political activism in the past that makes it possible to identify vectors of collective ideas about the past and future in the “historicizing” discourses of online communities. The article consistently demonstrates the applied technology of intellectual analysis of big data, from the principle of selection of linguistic markers and search for thematic online communities to the analysis of emotional tonalities, presents and illustrates with examples the main conclusions of the study of images of the past and the future, characteristic of modern virtual “White Guard” communities, traces the internal logical and thematic complexity of quantitative data obtained by automated processing. It is concluded that the application of technologies for automated natural language processing allows generating summarizing inferences that characterize the mass consciousness of contemporaries and that cannot be obtained in any other way, which expands and clarifies the heuristic base of traditional “qualitative” studies of collective memory. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.
SUBJECTS OF AI ETHICAL REGULATION: RUSSIAN EXPERIENCE
Authors:   Tomsk State University, BELOUS D.O. , DADA O.D. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: December 2024

Artificial intelligence today, being the main driving force of technological progress, requires the development of appropriate regulation methods. However, this is very difficult: while legislative regulation cannot be as effective and timely as it needs in the development of norms that define the basic principles of interaction in the “human-modern technology” system, society is developing new approaches to overcome this problem. They are based on a selfregulation mechanism, which takes different forms in different national systems. Today the state, large private businesses, academic institutions, and various communities of citizens are interested in different approaches to the development of artificial intelligence. The balance of interests between them is difficult to achieve. In this regard, the analysis of various methods of searching for it in different territories and levels seems important for the purpose of choosing the optimal option. The article analyzes the Russian experience in regulating new technologies and its participants, who formulate the system of basic principles and rules designed to create an environment for the trusted development of artificial intelligence technologies in Russia. This phenomenon is today associated with the concept of AI ethics. For these purposes, the article used the method of comparative analysis to study Russian cases - the AI Alliance Russia and the Big Data Association. Their key features are analyzed and compared, especially in terms of their subject composition, goals (“missions”) of activities and their results. These phenomena are analyzed in dynamics: from the founding of organizations to the present day, which allows us to assess the changing vector of technology development and approaches to its regulation in modern Russia. The study made it possible to identify a national feature - a large share of indirect and direct government participation in AI self-regulation: in the Russian Federation, large technology businesses are sometimes inseparable from the state. This can create an imbalance of interests, turning selfregulation into quasi-legal. As a result of qualitative analysis, we can conclude that the described processes in Russia differ from world experience. However, state participation in these processes can be viewed in two ways: as a benefit (in the absence of interest in the problem on the part of civil society) and as a measure of additional control that does not allow reflecting exclusively private interests. At the same time, it is noted that the ethical principles developed by the organizations are quite relevant and correspond to international trends, which makes it possible to annually expand the membership of these organizations, including more and more international participants, and to develop AI technologies in Russia. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.
ETHICAL AND LEGAL DIMENSIONS OF THE AI TECHNOLOGIES: FAIR PLAY OR DIRTY POOL
Authors:   Tomsk State University, POPOVA E.V. , MATSEPURO D.M. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: December 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is called the end-to-end, closing and most discussed technology of the 21st century. Along with issues of the effectiveness of technologies, ideas about a better life as a result of their implementation, there are pressing questions about how to regulate and manage them in terms of justice, the safety of society, its individual groups and future generations. Yet at the same time besides growth in the number of new Al-based products and their widespread use, there are issues of reliable AI, security and control of potential risks up for debates. In this regard, the beginning of the 2020s is marked with the search for optimal regulatory tools in the field of AI. Academic structures, universities and institutions for development, along with governments and business community in the broad sense, are key platforms for discussing the social implications of new technologies, as well as the tools and mechanisms for their regulation. The materials of such discussions were taken as the basis for this study - these are two panel discussions (2022 and 2023), which were held at Tomsk State University as part of the International Congress “Language, Culture and Technological Transits: New Facets of the Human”. The study was conducted using the focus group method. The list of participants for the panel discussions was formed in a similar way, so as, on the one hand, to preserve the interdisciplinary contour of the discussion due to the nature of AI technologies and, on the other hand, to provide a comparison of the two discussions and consisted of representatives of leading companies developing AI, researchers in the field of law, philosophy, ethics and sociology, academic structures represented by vice-rectors. Representatives of business and academia included participants in government councils and intergovernmental groups on AI development. Questions for discussion included the following blocks: co-production of technology and society in relation to AI, changing concepts of risk and benefit; issues of regulation of digital and AI technologies, ethical dilemmas in the AI era and ways to solve them; maintaining a balance of interests and building trust in the field of AI development. The dilemmas of “government - governance” of AI as well as options for social and business responses to the use of AI were considered. Based on the results of a qualitative analysis of the expert discussion, we can conclude that, under turbulence in the AI technology itself, ethics becomes the basis that provides an opportunity to dialogue and development of optimal norms and rules at this stage for all players involved. Moreover, variability and flexibility of these norms and rules are being observed. Ethics as an instrument of soft law comes forward with a self-regulation mechanism, which is evidence-based and which builds up public confidence and fosters the development of AI technologies. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.
Forensic investigation of a social media page
Authors:   Saratov State Law Academy, Smushkin Aleksandr B.
Published: December 2024

In the article, the author considers the issue of extracting criminally significant information from the content of Internet pages on social networks. In the course of the research, general scientific and special research methods were used; methods of formal and dialectical logic, the method of interpretation, etc. It is stated that social networks are widespread in the modern world and the majority of the world's population use them. The article hypothesizes on the content of a wide range of criminally significant information on social networks and on specific user pages. The potential of using social networks for law enforcement purposes is considered, and its active and passive components are stated. The use of social networks to encourage recipients to take certain actions is emphasized as an active component. The passive component consists in studying the information of the social network and further using it during the investigation. Both registration information and autobiographical information, as well as its changes, personal photographs and videos, notes, the social component of the page (friends, indication of relatives and degree of kinship, political views), life credo, etc. should be examined. It is indicated that the additional functionality of a page on social networks (primarily its media objects – marked videos, music, clips, individual photos, pictures, news and entire sites) may in itself be an offense (for example, for crimes of an extremist nature, discrediting a special military operation and the armed forces of the Russian Federation, the spread of pornography, drug propaganda, etc.). In addition, this information can contribute to the compilation of a person's psychological portrait and psycho-profile. Information related to external sources may also be found on the page. So, in some cases, according to the information published on the user's page, it is possible to conclude that a person has registered on certain sites, marketplaces, dating services, etc. The analysis identifies three main ways to study the content of a page on social networks: (1) using the account of the investigator or other persons; (2) using the account of the victim; (3) following a request to the resource administration for access to the page under study. The article discusses in detail the features of using each method. As a conclusion, it is stated that, during the study of the content of the page, two additional factors must be taken into account: (1) on their pages, users post information makes them more interesting, will cause approval or other reaction rather than actual one; (2) fake accounts created for both criminal and legitimate purposes may exist for rather long periods.
Regional communities of the social network VKontakte as a medium of the functioning of dialect words of the lexico-thematic group "Person"
Authors:   National Research Tomsk State University, Zyuzkova Natalya A.
Published: December 2024

The Internet fixes the changes occurring in the modern Russian language, reflecting the tendencies of its development. Since modern speech practice currently includes words belonging to different systems, including dialect words, the study of their functioning in the Internet is one of the topical problems of modern linguistics. It remains relevant to consider the functioning of dialect words in Internet communities, comments in which reflect the current state of oral-written communication. The aim of the article is to describe the representation of dialect vocabulary in Internet communication on the example of regional communities of Siberian cities (based on the data of the social network VKontakte). The novelty is conditioned by the appeal to the problem of studying the functioning of dialect vocabulary in the Internet space as an under-researched aspect of modern linguistics. The main sources of the material were: Vershininsky Dictionary, from which 193 lexemes labeled "dialect proper" and belonging to the lexico-thematic group "Person" were selected; 465 text Internet comments containing dialect lexical words and retrieved from the social network VKontakte by searching for them in 23 communities of Irkutsk, Novosibirsk, Omsk, and Tomsk. The subject of analysis is the actualization of dialect units of the lexico-thematic group "Person" in Internet comments to posts in public regional communities of Siberian cities. Based on the data of the large regional communities, relevant information can be obtained about the frequency of word usage of dialect units, the area of their distribution, and their actual
lexical meaning. Out of 193 dialect lexical units, 32 units are found in the oral and written speech of users of the regional communities. The largest number of Internet comments (213 out of 465) containing dialect words was recorded in the public communities of Novosibirsk. This can be explained by the fact that Novosibirsk is the largest city in terms of population after Moscow and St. Petersburg, and has a large user audience in VKontakte. The factors affecting the functioning of dialect words in Internet communication also included the commenting activity of followers, the topics of communities and posts published in them, the transparent internal form of some dialect words. It was noted that the high frequency of use of certain dialect words may indicate the loss of their dialect status and their transition into other varieties of the national language (which requires a separate verification based on the data of modern dictionaries of colloquial speech and public communities of other regions). Single examples were identified of meta-linguistic reflection (expressed at the level of graphic design of the utterance) of participants of the regional communities, which serve as an indicator that some users realize the special – primarily stylistic – status of the used word.
Matter of private law
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Lebedev Vladimir M. , Dyrkova Lyubov A. ,   Siberian State Medical University
Published: December 2024

Any rule of law contains a rule and the legal energy necessary for its implementation in the process of rulemaking, law enforcement, and scientific research. The rule of law is material. It is a system that consists of two elements. In the rule of law, the legislator fixes the rules of conduct. Its implementation assumes a certain dynamics that ensures the movement of the law enforcement process. Without this element, it is difficult to explain the law enforcement activity, its stages and their effectiveness. A rule of law is not a monolith, but a complex material system, the study of which can positively affect the effectiveness of rulemaking, current legislation and the practice of its application. Thus, a rule of law consists not only of one rule, but also of that part of it that prompts the rule to be realized, i.e. legal energy, without which it (the norm) is dead, i.e. it is not able to "work", act. A rule of law is an accumulator of legal energy, which in its scope and impact depends on the type of norm, its belonging to a certain branch of law and the form of its implementation: fine, reprimand, detention, imprisonment, etc. Legal energy provides the dynamics of the rule of law, its implementation. The forms of implementation of the rule of law are the application, the use of legal energy, ensuring its dynamics. In science, four forms of implementation of the norms of legal matter are defined, therefore, it is necessary to talk about four forms of manifestation of legal energy: compliance, execution, use, application. This is manifested in detail in the implementation of the norms of any branch of Russian law, including labor law. At present, it is necessary not only to investigate the legal energy, not only to explain this element of the legal norm, but also to investigate the dynamics of its use, formulate a general approach to the movement, dynamics of the legal norm, a unit or a set of units of its measurement, use.
Маршрутизация маневрового локомотива на путях необщего пользования для формирования грузовых составов с учетом обработки блокирующих вагонов
Authors: Васильев Юрий Михайлович , Глазунова Екатерина Валерьевна , Фридман Григорий Морицович
Published: December 2024

Предмет: Одной из основных задач управления на железнодорожных путях необщего пользования является сбор грузовых вагонов на выделенных путях с целью формирования состава, предназначенного к отправке со станции. Оптимизационная математическая модель позволит автоматизировать этот процесс и повысить эффективность и рациональность решений, принимаемых транспортными диспетчерами. Цель: Статья посвящена формированию математической постановки для задачи сборки грузовых составов на путях необщего пользования железнодорожной станции ветвистого типа при помощи маневрового локомотива. Метод: Модель разработана на базе методов и подходов к поиску точного решению задач многокритериальной целочисленной оптимизации. Результаты: Апробация модели выполнена на синтетических исходных данных для выделенного участка железнодорожных путей ветвистой грузовой станции. Полученные числовые результаты демонстрируют возможность использования модели для решения поставленной задачи за приемлемое время.
Собственные источники финансирования организации
Authors: Ткачук Наталья Викторовна
Published: December 2024

Предмет. Информация об источниках финансирования организации необходима внутренним и внешним пользователям. В отечественной экономической литературе отсутствует согласованность в трактовке состава собственных источников финансирования организации (собственном капитале). Объектом исследования выступает собственный капитал, как собственный источник финансирования организации, а предметом – состав собственных источников финансирования. Цели. Целью исследования является обоснование состава собственных источников финансирования организации. Задачи исследования: показать роль информации о собственном капитале как собственном источнике финансирования организации; обобщить позиции ученых о содержании собственных источников финансирования организации; определить факты хозяйственной жизни, влияющие на величину собственного капитала организации; выделить внешние и внутренние источники формирования собственного капитала организации. Методология. В процессе достижения поставленных целей использовались методы научного познания: диалектический; анализа и синтеза. Исследование построено на изучении международных стандартов финансовой отчётности, федеральных стандартах по бухгалтерскому учету, актуальной научной экономической литературы. Выводы. Определена информация о величине собственного капитала, необходимая внешним пользователям для принятия решений инвестиционного и контрагентского характера. Выделены группы фактов хозяйственной жизни, оказывающие влияние на величину собственного капитала организации. Определены внешние и внутренние источники формирования собственного капитала.
Модель комплексного авиационно-климатического показателя для планирования полетов на местных воздушных линиях
Authors: Степанов Алексей Владимирович
Published: December 2024

Цель – совершенствование имеющейся климатической информации путем построения модели комплексного авиационно-климатического показателя, определяемого сочетаниями высоты нижней границы облаков и полетной дальности видимости. Материалы и методы. Исходные материалы – собственные оригинальные разработки автора. Построение модели основано на теории негоризонтальной видимости объектов (ориентиров) на земной поверхности и опыте воздушной навигации. Проверка эффективности модели проводилась путем опроса летного состава в 2023 году. Результаты и обсуждение. Показано, что отожествление наклонной полетной дальности видимости со значениями метеорологической дальности видимости под низкими облаками не позволяет объективно оценить возможность выполнения полетов на местных воздушных линиях. В дымке значения наклонной полетной дальности видимости составили 40 % от метеорологической дальности видимости в I, 55 % – во II, 83 % – в III, 90 % – в IV типах распределения горизонтальной видимости с высотой. Выводы. Применение комплексного авиационно-климатического показателя для планирования полетов на местных воздушных линиях под низкими облаками, и последующая коррекция возможности их выполнения за счет изменения высоты и скорости полета воздушного судна, курсового угла наблюдения позволит принимать органам организации воздушного движения метеозависимые решения за счет использования интеллектуальной метеорологической системы.
К диалогу о климатических тенденциях нового столетия и их благоприятности для высокой реализации биологического потенциала полевых культур на Южном Урале
Authors: Гулянов Юрий Александрович
Published: December 2024

Цель – выявление динамики биоклиматического потенциала сельскохозяйственных провинций Оренбургской области, определение его направленности и оценка благоприятности для высокой реализации биологического потенциала полевых культур. Материалы и методы. Предметом исследований являлись сведения о среднемесячных температурах воздуха, количестве выпавших атмосферных осадков, упругости водяного пара и относительной влажности воздуха за 1990-2022 годы. Биоклиматический потенциал исследуемых территорий (БКП) рассчитывали по методике Шашко Д. И. Характеристику агроэкологических зон по ГТК проводили в соответствии с принятой классификацией по Селянинову Г. Т. Статистический анализ метеорологических данных осуществляли в Excel. Результаты и обсуждение. Выявлена достаточно выраженная отрицательная направленность динамики метеорологических параметров, определяющих биоклиматический потенциал земледельческих территорий Оренбургской области, значительно снижающая благоприятность внешних условий для высокой реализации биологического потенциала выращиваемых культур. За истекшие три десятилетия отмечено снижение биоклиматического потенциала на 0,10 единиц или 4,6 % в Заволжской провинции степной зоны и на 0,20-0,47 единиц или 11,6-25,4 % в Заволжской и Казахстанской провинциях сухостепной зоны. Выводы. Сельскохозяйственные провинции Оренбургской области характеризуются крайне напряженным гидротермическим режимом, связанным с положительной динамикой термических ресурсов и отрицательной динамикой атмосферных осадков. В качестве наиболее действенного средства сохранения продуктивности и валовых сборов полевых культур в сложившихся условиях высокую целесообразность имеет адаптация агротехнологий к меняющимся природным условиям и селекция жаростойких и засухоустойчивых сортов.
Оценка влияния температуры поверхности земли на NDVI на примере геопарка «Янган-Тау»
Authors: Богдан Екатерина Александровна , Белан Лариса Николаевна , Туктарова Ирэн Ольвертовна , Вильданов Ильдар Радикович , Сайфуллин Ирик Юлаевич , Бахтиярова Роза Сагитовна
Published: December 2024

Цель – определение наиболее зависимых от изменения температурного режима типов растительности на участке «Геопарк Янган-Тау» (площадка «Насибаш») Евразийского карбонового полигона (Республика Башкортостан). Материалы и методы. Проведен анализ динамики показателя NDVI с мая по сентябрь с 1982 по 2022 годы с использованием 110 изображений Landsat, с объединением в группы по 5 лет. Определены среднее значение, мода и медиана показателя NDVI для каждой пятилетки. Для дистанционной оценки температурного режима использовались снимки программы Landsat 8-9. В программе SAGA GIS оценена связь температуры поверхности Земли и NDVI для каждого бесснежного месяца с использованием усредненных изображений температуры поверхности Земли и NDVI. Построены карты пространственного распределения коэффициента детерминации (r2). Результаты и обсуждение. Для июня месяца характерно увеличение значения NDVI. Май, июль и август месяц не демонстрируют значительных изменений, а среднее значение и медиана для сентября имеет тенденцию к снижению. Наибольшую связь между NDVI и температурой поверхности Земли показывают зарастающие сосной залежные земли (4 стадия зарастания), не заросшие залежные земли и сенокос. Выводы. Вегетационная активность растительности на участке карбонового полигона «Геопарк Янган-Тау» увеличилась с 1982 для июня месяца, что обусловлено влиянием температуры мая. Наибольшую устойчивость к изменениям температурного режима продемонстрировали участки, находящиеся в 1 и 3 стадии зарастания сосной.
Природно-ресурсные особенности бассейна реки Малка
Authors: Шамарина Марина Анатольевна
Published: December 2024

Цель – изучить природно-ресурсный потенциал бассейна реки Малка, описать особенности регионального генезиса, ландшафтов и основных структурных комплексов реки Малка. Материалы и методы. Объект исследования – бассейн реки Малка, расположен на территории Кабардино-Балкарской Республики. При выполнении исследования использованы статистический, аналитический, картографический и сравнительно-географический методы. Результаты и обсуждение. На основе собственных полевых наблюдений, анализа карт и статистической информации об объекте исследования описаны основные компоненты окружающей среды, расположенные на территории бассейна реки Малка. Описаны морфометрические, физико-географические и геологические характеристики бассейна реки Малка. Выявлена изменчивость формы долины Малки вдоль течения реки. Установлено, что основным фактором формирования речных ландшафтов является эрозионно-аккумулятивная деятельность. Речная сеть реки Малка, включающая 27 постоянных водотоков, неравномерна. Выявлены факторы, влияющие на густоту речной сети, установлено, что наибольшее значение этого показателя в горной части 0,5-06 км/км2, наименьшее - в устьевой части реки 0,1 км/км2. Описаны основные морфологические элементы русла рек бассейна Малки. Изучено влияние геологического строения района на формы рельефа местности, отмечено, что для долины реки характерен горный водно-эрозионный рельеф. Выявлены основные природные факторы, влияющие на формирование солевого состава речных вод: подземные воды, геологические отложения, руды и горные породы. Выводы. Изучены природно-ресурсные особенности бассейна реки Малка. Для оценки состояния экосистемы бассейна реки и формирования сбалансированного научно-обоснованного подхода к рациональному использова- нию природных ресурсов, необходимо уделять большое внимание исследованию природной составляющей.