bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aspiring Top Civil Servants’ Distrust in the Private Sector
Authors: Boring Anne , Desrieux Claudine , Espinosa Romain
Published: August 2019

Ce travail étudie les croyances envers le secteur privé des étudiants souhaitant intégrer la haute fonction publique en France. Pour ce faire, nous analysons les données d’un sondage réalisé à Sciences Po, grand établissement français connu pour former une grande partie des hauts fonctionnaires mais aussi des étudiants souhaitant travailler dans le secteur privé. Les résultats indiquent que les étudiants souhaitant travailler dans la fonction publique font preuve d’une plus grande méfiance envers le secteur privé (comparativement aux autres étudiants), pensent davantage que diriger une entreprise est aisé, et perçoivent significativement moins de bénéfices au recours à des partenariats public-privé. Ils déclarent également plus fréquemment que les travailleurs du secteur privé sont motivés par leurs intérêts propres. Ces résultats ont de fortes implications pour comprendre le niveau de la réglementation du secteur privé en France, ainsi que la coopération entre les secteurs public et privé.
L’inéluctable légalisation du cannabis en France ?
Authors: Ben Lakhdar Christian
Published: August 2019

Alors qu’à l’encontre des traités internationaux, nombre de pays légalisent actuellement le marché du cannabis, la France, quant-à-elle, reste campée sur une politique prohibitionniste fondée sur la loi du 31 décembre 1970. Sous un cadre de changement institutionnel proposé par l’économie néo-institutionnelle, nous supposons cependant que la légalisation du cannabis apparaît être inéluctable en France. Principalement, les arrangements organisationnels qui ont émergé ces dernières années et concurrencé le marché illicite en diminuant le risque et l’incertitude des transactions ne peuvent que disqualifier l’efficacité de la répression policière en plus d’accroitre la violence sur le marché illégal. Couplé à l’agenda politique des actions de réduction des risques de l’usage de drogue ainsi qu’à la qualification du cannabis en tant que médicament, la perception des acteurs évolue graduellement et inévitablement en faveur d’une légalisation de cette substance psychoactive. Et ce d’autant plus que des entrepreneurs de morale de premier plan plaident désormais en faveur de cette réforme.
Adolescent Sleep: Challenges and Solutions for Pediatric Primary Care
Authors: Fernandez Sabrina
Published: August 2019

As pediatricians, we can all recall an adolescent patient who presents with fatigue. She is groggy in the morning before school, sometimes nods off in class, and then drinks a caffeinated beverage in the afternoon. She sends text messages to friends before going to bed shortly after midnight. After getting a bit of history from her, the parents complain that she has poor sleep habits while the teenage yawns and then rolls her eyes at being outed. For many adolescents, sleep restriction is a conscious choice that is made, as teens are juggling school responsibilities, extracurricular activities, and social interactions. This article is intended to help primary care pediatricians understand the causes of insufficient sleep in teenagers and gives tips on how to address common sleep issues. There is serious morbidity associated with poor sleep in adolescents, including mood disorders such as depression and anxiety, increased obesity risk, and higher rates of drowsy driving. It is my hope that a few tips from this article will help prevent some of these serious sequelae.

[
Pediatr Ann.
2019;48(8):e292–e295.]
Caring for Children with Autism in the Emergency Department
Authors: Harwell Cara , Bradley Emily
Published: August 2019

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and similar conditions experience and cope with their surroundings in a unique way. Although a visit to the emergency department (ED) is stressful for any child, the stress for those with ASD and similar conditions can overwhelm their ability to cope. Many elements of visiting the ED contribute to the stress children with ASD experience; they are not feeling well or have an injury, the environment is foreign and filled with harsh stimuli, and the medical professionals they encounter may not understand their unique needs. Fortunately, through staff education, modifications to the environment, and individualizing care plans, a visit to the ED can be a more positive experience for children with ASD.

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Pediatr Ann.
2019;48(8):e333–e336.]
Adolescent Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Update
Authors: DiVall Sara , Merjaneh Lina
Published: August 2019

Menstrual irregularities and cutaneous signs of androgen excess are commonly encountered when caring for adolescent girls. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of these symptoms in adult women, and it can be diagnosed in adolescents as well. Diagnostic criteria used to diagnose adult women are not applicable in adolescents, as some diagnostic criteria overlap with the normal physiology of a maturing reproductive system. Thus, application of adult criteria will overdiagnose adolescents with PCOS. Two recent guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of PCOS in adolescence were created to provide clarity in the diagnosis of PCOS in adolescent girls and to guide best practices in treatment. This review summarizes the recommendations and gives practical advice on the application of these recommendations to everyday pediatric practice.

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Pediatr Ann.
2019;48(8):e304–e310.]
Evaluación del comportamiento mecánico de la aleación con memoria de forma Cu-Zn-Al con adiciones de Boro y Hierro y tratadas térmicamente
Authors: Alaneme Kenneth K. , Okotete Eloho A. , Oluwafemi Ayoyemi , Inyang Usen
Published: August 2019

Se estudiaron las propiedades mecánicas de la aleación Cu-Zn-Al modificada y sin modificar con 0,05% en peso B y Fe fabricada siguiendo la ruta de estado líquido. La aleación se sometió a tratamientos térmicos de envejecimiento a 200 °C y 450 °C. Los ensayos mecánicos y de microscopía óptica se realizaron para evaluar la respuesta al tratamiento térmico. Los resultados mostraron la presencia de microestructuras con diferentes características estructurales en la aleación Cu-Zn-Al sin modificar y modificada con B y Fe, tanto en las condiciones sin envejecer como en las envejecidas. La dureza de la aleación Cu-Zn-Al sin modificar y modificada con B aumentó significativamente con los tratamientos a 200 °C y 450 °C, mientras que la aleación Cu-Zn-Al modificada con Fe solo mostró pequeños cambios en la dureza. Adicionalmente, la resistencia a la tracción final (RTF) de la aleación Cu-Zn-Al sin modificar fue la más sensible al tratamiento térmico a 200 °C, ya que el aumento de la RTF llegó hasta un 18,%, comparado con aumentos de 6,8 y 6,1% obtenidos con la aleación Cu-Zn-Al modificada con Fe y B, respectivamente. El porcentaje de alargamiento de todas las composiciones de la aleación Cu-Zn-Al mejoró significativamente con el tratamiento térmico, con valores máximos obtenidos con el envejecimiento a 200 °C. Se interpretó que los cambios, generalmente pequeños, en las propiedades mecánicas de la composición de la aleación Cu-Zn-Al modificada, se debieron al efecto estabilizador del B y del Fe en la fase primaria de Cu-Zn, que redujo en cierta medida la tendencia a la precipitación de las fases secundarias.
Reflective Practioner
Authors: Sathiadas M. G.
Published: August 2019

No abstract available
Training need analysis of the nurses working in the RDHS division Jaffna: development of a new method
Authors: Venoden D. , Kumarapeli V.
Published: August 2019

Trainings for the nurses working in the Regional Directorate of Health Services, Jaffna wasn’t conducted based on their needs as existing system to assess the needs produced no output. The objective of the study was to develop a new tool to gather and analyse the training needs of the nurses.First stage of the project identified the strengths and weaknesses of the existing system in gathering and analysing the training needs. A new tool was developed by modifying Hennessey and Hicks training need analysis questionnaire and tested on nurses in the second stage. In the final stage, a training session was organised, based on the findings of the new tool, and effectiveness of this tool was assessed.Appraisal system and availability of funds were identified as the major strengths while inadequate training sessions and difficulty in analysing training needs were highlighted as weaknesses of the existing system.Response rate for testing the new tool was 71.8%. Training needs existed in all five superordinate categories and varied between socio demographic and service related categories of nurses.Nurses who were least experienced, belonged to grade 111 and working in critical units had highest need for training in all five superordinate categories.The new tool was found to be significantly more satisfactory (t =13.780, df =31, p<0.001), and effective compared to the existing method.In conclusion introducing the new tool to the existing appraisal system could enable gathering and analysing the training needs of the nurses effectively.
Case report on atypical presentation of Dengue - A patient without fever
Authors: Seevaamirtham Rushanthini , Sarathchandra Chamara
Published: August 2019

Dengue can present with wide spectrum of clinical manifestations including atypical presentations. But fever is the most common clinical presenta­tion even with the atypical presentations. Here we report a case of dengue hemorrhagic infection without fever in a 53-year-old female. Clinically and serologically she was diagnosed to have den­gue hemorrhagic fever with ultrasound evidence of plasma leakage as well and she was managed successfully and she showed complete recovery without any complications.
A case report on stage IIB testicular seminoma with hydropnephrosis and hydro ureter
Authors: Raviraj S. , Thileebphan B.
Published: August 2019

Testicular Germ Cell cancers are classified into seminiferous Germ cell Tumors (SGCTs) and Non Seminomatous Germ cell Tumors (NSGCTs). The differentiation of above two entities is an important factor in Therapeutic Strategy and prognostic Index. The retroperitoneal lymphnode (RPLN) is a common site of metastasis in advanced testicular tumors, and large metastases in RPLN lead to ureteral obstruction and resultant hydronephrosis. But it can occur in early stage as happened with our patient.
Low Cellular NAD+ Compromises Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Responses via Inhibiting TLR4 Signal Transduction in Human Monocytes
Authors: Yang Kuan , Lauritzen Knut Husø , Olsen Maria Belland , Dahl Tuva Børresdatter , Ranheim Trine , Ahmed Mohammed Shakil , Attramadal Håvard , Aukrust Pål , Halvorsen Bente , Nyman Tuula Anneli , Sandanger Øystein , Yndestad Arne
Published: August 2019

NAD+ is an essential cofactor in reduction-oxidation metabolism with impact on metabolic and inflammatory diseases. However, data elucidating the effects of NAD+ on the proinflammatory features of human primary monocytes are scarce. In this study, we explored how NAD+ affects TLR4 and NOD-like receptor with a PYD-domain 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation, two key innate immune responses. Human primary monocytes were isolated from buffy coats obtained from healthy individuals. Intracellular NAD+ was manipulated by nicotinamide riboside and the NAMPT inhibitor FK866. Cells were primed with LPS with or without subsequent NLRP3 activation with ATP or cholesterol crystals to analyze the effects of NAD+ levels on TLR4-mediated NF-κB activation and NLRP3 activity, respectively. Cytokine release was quantified, and the downstream signal pathway of TLR4 was investigated with Western blot and proteomic analysis. The impact of sirtuin and PARP inhibition was also explored. Our main findings were: 1) elevated NAD+ enhanced IL-1β release in LPS-primed human monocytes exposed to ATP in vitro, 2) both NLRP3-dependent and -independent inflammatory responses in LPS-exposed monocytes were inhibited by NAD+ depletion with FK866, 3) the inhibition was not caused by suppression of sirtuins or PARP1, and 4) phosphorylation of several proteins TLR4 signal pathway was inhibited by FK866-mediated NAD+ depletion, specifically TAK1, IKKβ, IkBα, MEK 1/2, ERK 1/2, and p38. Hence, we suggest a novel mechanism in which NAD+ affects TLR4 signal transduction. Furthermore, our data challenge previous reports of the interaction between NAD+ and inflammation and question the use of nicotinamide riboside in the therapy of inflammatory disorders.
Influenza Vaccination Primes Human Myeloid Cell Cytokine Secretion and NK Cell Function
Authors: Wagstaffe Helen R. , Pickering Harry , Houghton Joanna , Mooney Jason P. , Wolf Asia-Sophia , Prevatt Natalie , Behrens Ron H. , Holland Martin J. , Riley Eleanor M. , Goodier Martin R.
Published: August 2019

Cytokine-induced memory-like (CIML) NK cells generated in response to proinflammatory cytokines in vitro and in vivo can also be generated by vaccination, exhibiting heightened responses to cytokine stimulation months after their initial induction. Our previous study demonstrated that in vitro human NK cell responses to inactivated influenza virus were also indirectly augmented by very low doses of IL-15, which increased induction of myeloid cell–derived cytokine secretion. These findings led us to hypothesize that IL-15 stimulation could reveal a similar effect for active influenza vaccination and influence CIML NK cell effector functions. In this study, 51 healthy adults were vaccinated with seasonal influenza vaccine, and PBMC were collected before and up to 30 d after vaccination. Myeloid and lymphoid cell cytokine secretion was measured after in vitro PBMC restimulation with low-dose IL-15, alone or in combination with inactivated H3N2 virus; the associated NK cell response was assessed by flow cytometry. PBMC collected 30 d postvaccination showed heightened cytokine production in response to IL-15 compared with PBMC collected at baseline; these responses were further enhanced when IL-15 was combined with H3N2. NK cell activation in response to IL-15 alone (CD25) and H3N2 plus IL-15 (CD25 and IFN-γ) was enhanced postvaccination. We also observed proliferation of less-differentiated NK cells with downregulation of cytokine receptors as early as 3 d after vaccination, suggesting cytokine stimulation in vivo. We conclude that vaccination-induced “training” of accessory cells combines with the generation of CIML NK cells to enhance the overall NK cell response postvaccination.
The constructions of early childhood practitioners’ literacy needs on an in-service Bachelor of Education course
Authors: Hackmack Karin
Published: August 2019

Background: Academic literacy(ies) is a major determining qualifier for success in a university qualification. Academic literacy(ies), in this study, are seen as social practices or discourses that occur within specific academic disciplines. Students therefore needed to ‘learn’ the academic literacy(ies) discourse of the faculty.Aim: This study investigated the way lecturers and the course facilitators understood literacies and their students’ literacy demands.Setting: The early childhood practitioners were attempting to obtain a B.Ed degree on a piloted degree career path at a university.Methods: Data were collected from individual and focus group interviews, one assessment task, and one assessment report from each respective course. Two lecturers and two course facilitators participated in the individual interviews, and three lecturers and three course facilitators participated in the focus group interviews.Results: The study revealed that the course facilitators’ and lecturers’ understanding of literacies was not cognisant of literacy as a set of social practices, nor of the enormous changes students needed to make at the level of identity to progress in their academic careers.Conclusion: The findings from the study showed a disjuncture between the understanding of the meaning of academic literacies by course facilitators and lecturers. A focused and cohesive discussion on academic literacy needs to occur in order to facilitator the practitioners’ progress.
The effectiveness of physiotherapy during the Comrades Ultramarathon
Authors: Exelby Linda
Published: August 2019

Physiotherapy stations along the Comrades Marathon route provided treatment for musculoskeletal problems. Common muscular conditions encountered were fatigue, cramp and strains. These were treated with ice massage, conventional massage or a combination of the two. Every runner was also encouraged to stretch the affected muscles. Joint related injuries were strapped. Questionnaires were sent to runners to assess the effectiveness of the treatment received. Most runners reported that the treatments helped. In spite of the limited treatment time available nearly half of those treated gained lasting relief.
Pancreatic kaposiform hemangioendothelioma complicated by Kasabach–Merritt phenomenon: A rare entity
Authors: Mathew Denny , Mahomed Nasreen
Published: August 2019

Primary pancreatic tumours are a rare and unusual entity in children. In this article, we present the case of an 8-month-old girl who presented with obstructive jaundice. The differential diagnosis based on imaging studies was that of a pancreatic vascular neoplasm; however, with the laboratory evidence of Kasabach–Merritt phenomenon (KMP), this prompted the diagnosis of pancreatic kaposiform hemangioendothelioma. A core biopsy of the pancreatic mass was taken at laparotomy and confirmed this diagnosis. The pancreas is an exceedingly rare site of occurrence for this tumour, with only nine cases being published to date. The clinical, biochemical, imaging and pathological findings are discussed to highlight a rare and potentially life-threatening vascular tumour.
The Effect of Visuospatial Resolution on Discharge Variability among Motor Units and Force–Discharge Relation
Authors: Chen Yi-Ching , Shih Chia-Li , Lin Yen-Ting , Hwang Ing-Shiou
Published: August 2019

Although force steadiness varies with visuospatial information, accountable motor unit (MU) behaviors are not fully understood. This study investigated the modulation of MU discharges and force–discharge relation due to variations in the spatial resolution of visual feedback, with a particular focus on discharge variability among MUs. Fourteen young adults produced isometric force at 10% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) through index abduction, under the conditions of force trajectory displayed with low visual gain (LVG) and high visual gain (HVG). Together with smaller and more complex force fluctuations, HVG resulted in greater variabilities of the mean interspike interval and discharge irregularity among MUs than LVG did. Estimated via smoothening of a cumulative spike train of all MUs, global discharge rate was tuned to visual gain, with a more complex global discharge rate and a lower force–discharge relation in the HVG condition. These higher discharge variabilities were linked to larger variance of the common drive received by MUs for regulation of muscle force with higher visuospatial information. In summary, higher visuospatial information improves force steadiness with more complex force fluctuations, underlying joint effects of low-pass filter property of the musculotendon complex and central modulation of discharge variability among MUs.
Ezrin is a prognostic biomarker in patients with clear cell metastatic renal cell carcinoma receiving sunitinib
Authors: Cetin Bulent , Gonul Ipek Isik , Gumusay Ozge , Afsar Baris , Bilgetekin Irem , Ozet Ahmet , Uner Aytug
Published: August 2019

Objective:

Sunitinib is a novel oral multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antitumor and antiangiogenic activities. This study evaluates ezrin expression in sunitinib-treated metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) patients and elucidates its role as a possible marker for survival.

Materials and Methods:

The expression of ezrin was measured by immunohistochemistry in 80 patients with ccRCC treated by first-line sunitinib between January 2007 and June 2012. Kaplan–Meier curves and log-rank tests were used for analysis of progression-free survival and overall survival (OS), and a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model was employed to identify factors with an independent effect on the survival.

Results:

In multivariate analysis, liver metastasis (P = 0.018; hazard ratio [HR]: 3.707 (1.257–10.931) and overexpression of ezrin (P = 0.006; HR: 2.993 (1.373–6.523 95% confidence interval) were remained significant factors influencing OS. Overexpression of ezrin in the patients who had progressed in the first 3 months was higher than in the patients who had progressed after 3 months (P = 0.003). The median OS was longer in patients with low levels of ezrin expression (27 months) compared to patients overexpressing ezrin (12 months) (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:

This is the first study in the literature showing that ezrin status is related with prognosis in patients with metastatic ccRCC.
Active surveillance in renal tumors
Authors: Bazan Alfredo Aguilera , Carrion Diego M. , Rivas Juan Gomez , Quesada-Olarte Jose , Quintana Luis M. , Alvarez-Maestro Mario , Martínez-Piñeiro Luis
Published: August 2019

Context:

Some patients diagnosed with small renal solid masses or complex cystic lesions may benefit from active surveillance (AS) instead of immediate treatment.

Aims:

Report our series of patients undergoing AS for small renal solid and complex cystic lesions, and compare growth rates and outcomes between both types of lesions.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective review AS database for renal lesions was conducted. From 1995 to 2017, a total of 82 patients with 89 renal lesions were included. We describe our AS protocol, patient and tumor characteristics, comparisons between solid and cystic lesions, and final outcome of patients who underwent delayed intervention (DI).

Statistical Analysis Used:

Categorical and continuous data were analyzed by the Chi-square and the Student's t-test, respectively. The Wilcoxon/Kruskal–Wallis test was used for growth rate comparisons of solid and complex cystic lesions.

Results:

Median age of patients at the beginning of AS was 77-year-old, median size for solid and cystic lesions was 2.3 cm (0.08–3.8) and 2.6 cm (1.2–4.0), respectively. No differences in annual growth rate between solid and complex cystic lesions (0.04 cm [0.00–1.5] and 0.05 cm [0.01–1.7]) were observed at a similar median follow-up of 61 months for both groups (range: 15–182, and 14–254). Five patients with solid lesions underwent DI, 3 for rapid growth (>0.5 cm/year), 1 demanded treatment, and 1 due to hematuria. Adherence to AS protocol was high (94%). No cancer-related deaths or metastatic progression was observed, six patients died of another medical condition, being cardiovascular disease the most frequent cause.

Conclusions:

AS is a reasonable and safe option for the management of small renal masses. No difference was observed in the growth rate between solid and complex cystic lesions during AS. Centers offering AS should present a standardized protocol and give exhaustive information to patients regarding benefits and risks.
Effect of SO2, O2, NO2, and H2O Concentrations on Chemical Reactions and Corrosion of Carbon Steel in Dense Phase CO2
Authors: Morland Bjørn H. , Norby Truls , Tjelta Morten , Svenningsen Gaute
Published: August 2019

Carbon capture, utilization, and storage is expected to be an important method for reducing CO2emissions to prevent global warming. Several species (impurities) could follow the CO2through the capture plant as carry over. It is expected that nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), oxygen (O2), and water (H2O) can be present as impurities (concentrations at the ppmv level) in the captured CO2. The exact composition will depend on the flue gas type, the CO2capturing process, and multiple other parameters. Some of these impurities are reactive and may cause corrosion in carbon steel pipelines and could therefore be a threat for safe CO2transport. The present study used a novel experimental setup to realistically simulate a CO2transport pipeline system with a controlled and variable concentration of impurities at a total pressure of 10 MPa and a temperature of 25°C. The water concentration was increased and decreased with constant concentration of SO2and O2, to observe and identify possible reactions or threshold levels which could cause corrosion. A similar experiment was conducted with NO2. First, experiments were performed without steel coupons, to observe uncatalyzed reactions, and then with coupons to measure corrosion rates. The first sign of corrosion appeared at 350 ppmv of water with NO2present. At 670 ppmv water with 75 ppmv NO2the overall corrosion rate was about 0.57 mm/y and the main product was iron oxide. The corrosion process for SO2, O2, and water was much slower, and the first sign of corrosion appeared around 1,900 ppmv of water, with about 75 ppmv of SO2and 230 ppmv of O2. The corrosion rate increased some when the water concentration was increased to 2,400 ppmv, but the overall corrosion rate was only 3.6 μm/y and the main product on the surface was iron sulfate.
Addressing Diabetes in Primary Care: Hybrid Effectiveness–Implementation Study of Lifestyle Redesign® Occupational Therapy
Authors: Pyatak Elizabeth , King Maggie , Vigen Cheryl L. P. , Salazar Elia , Diaz Jesus , Schepens Niemiec Stacey L. , Blanchard Jeanine , Jordan Katie , Banerjee Josh , Shukla Jagruti
Published: August 2019

Importance: Primary health care is rapidly developing as an occupational therapy practice area. Yet, to date, little evidence supports occupational therapy’s feasibility and efficacy in primary care settings.

Objective: To report on the implementation and preliminary clinical outcomes of a Lifestyle Redesign® (LR)–occupational therapy (LR–OT) diabetes management intervention in a primary care clinic.

Design: Patients were randomized to be offered LR–OT or to a no-contact comparison group (data not reported). We assessed implementation outcomes using mixed methods.

Setting: Safety-net primary care clinic.

Participants: Clinic providers and staff; English- or Spanish-speaking clinic patients ages 18–75 yr with diabetes and a current hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) ≥ 9.0%.

Intervention: Eight 1-hr individual sessions of LR–OT focused on diabetes management.

Outcomes and Measures: Clinical and health behavior outcomes were assessed via electronic medical record (EMR) review and self-report surveys of patients receiving LR–OT at initial evaluation and discharge. We assessed implementation outcomes (acceptability, appropriateness, feasibility, fidelity, efficiency, and timeliness) using patient and staff surveys, interviews, focus groups, and observations.

Results: Seventy-three patients were offered LR–OT: 51 completed one or more sessions, and 38 completed the program. Clinical outcomes among program completers indicate beneficial changes in HbA1c, diabetes self-care, and health status. Implementation challenges included a need for patient and staff education, securing adequate workspace, and establishing a referral process. Factors contributing to implementation success included strong buy-in from clinic leadership, colocation, and shared EMR documentation.

Conclusions and Relevance: LR–OT is a feasible approach to enhancing service delivery and clinical outcomes in primary care.

What This Article Adds: This study provides insight into factors that may create challenges or contribute to the success of implementing occupational therapy services within primary health care settings. In addition, this study provides preliminary evidence of occupational therapy’s effectiveness in improving clinical outcomes among ethnically diverse, low-income patients with diabetes in a safety-net primary care setting.
Field Calibration of Low-Cost Air Pollution Sensors
Authors: Gonzalez Andres , Boies Adam , Swason Jacob , Kittelson David
Published: August 2019

Abstract. To implement effective policies and strategies to control air pollution, it is crucial to obtain accurate air quality data. Stationary air monitoring stations (AMSs) help local authorities and environmental agencies in achieving these goals; however, these measurements have limitations. AMSs provide detailed temporal data on air quality, but only at discrete locations at relatively high cost. An alternative method, low-cost mobile air quality monitoring (LCMAQM) sensors, complement AMSs. LCMAQM sensors can cover larger areas and the cost of typical sensors for LCMAQM are $150–200 each. We have developed a wireless Mobile Autonomous Air Quality Sensor box (MAAQSbox) to measure air pollution. The MAAQSbox contains LCMAQM sensors (gas and particle) and a wireless broadcasting system, which enables autonomous field operation for varied mobile applications. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), and ozone (O3) gases are measured by B4 sensors. Particulate matter (PM2.5) is measured by OPC-N2. A field calibration has been performed by making side by side measurements with the MAAQSbox and Minnesota Pollution Agency AMS. The calibrations of LCMAQM sensors were determined by multivariate linear regressions (MLR). MLR results for all sensors were improved by including the temperature and relative humidity as independent variables. The R2 of CO, NO, NO2, and O3 gas sensors are 0.96, 0.97, 0.81, and 0.95 respectively, while the R2 of PM2.5 particle sensor is 0.6. B4 sensors are sensitive to ambient conditions such as temperature and relative humidity. The results with OPC-N2 differs from the AMS indicating further developments are needed to enable more accurate PM2.5 measurements.
Quantifying the impact of emission outbursts and non-stationary flow on eddy-covariance CH4 flux measurements using wavelet techniques
Authors: Göckede Mathias , Kittler Fanny , Schaller Carsten
Published: August 2019

Abstract. Methane flux measurements by the eddy-covariance technique are
subject to large uncertainties, particularly linked to the partly highly
intermittent nature of methane emissions. Outbursts of high methane
emissions, termed event fluxes, hold the potential to introduce systematic
biases into derived methane budgets, since under such conditions the
assumption of stationarity of the flow is violated. In this study, we
investigate the net impact of this effect by comparing eddy-covariance
fluxes against a wavelet-derived reference that is not negatively influenced
by non-stationarity. Our results demonstrate that methane emission events
influenced 3 %–4 % of the flux measurements and did not lead to systematic
biases in methane budgets for the analyzed summer season; however, the
presence of events substantially increased uncertainties in short-term flux
rates. The wavelet results provided an excellent reference to evaluate the
performance of three different gap-filling approaches for eddy-covariance
methane fluxes, and we show that none of them could reproduce the range of
observed flux rates. The integrated performance of the gap-filling methods
for the longer-term dataset varied between the two eddy-covariance towers
involved in this study, and we show that gap-filling remains a large source
of uncertainty linked to limited insights into the mechanisms governing the
short-term variability in methane emissions. With the capability for broadening
our observational methane flux database to a wider range of conditions,
including the direct resolution of short-term variability on the order of
minutes, wavelet-derived fluxes hold the potential to generate new insight
into methane exchange processes with the atmosphere and therefore also
improve our understanding of the underlying processes.
Estratégias de ensino de ciências e a promoção do pensamento crítico em contexto brasileiro
Authors: Boszko Camila , Da Costa Güllich Roque Ismael
Published: August 2019

Internacionalmente, os estudos sobre o processo de ensino e aprendizagem baseado na promoção do pensamento crítico (PC) vêm sendo cada vez mais valorizados, porém, não em contexto brasileiro. Acredita-se que analisar as estratégias de ensino utilizadas no Brasil para ensinar ciências é crucial, no sentido de criar subsídios para facilitar a compreensão acerca das possibilidades de promoção do PC, bem como de seus desdobramentos no desenvolvimento curricular e em processos de formação de professores. Foi realizada uma análise dos referenciais brasileiros que discutem a promoção do PC, o que mostrou a precariedade de discussão dessa forma de pensamento em contextos educativos. Para uma melhor compreensão, procedeu-se à análise das seguintes estratégias: experimentação investigativa, ensino por investigação, educar pela pesquisa, resolução de problemas, situações de estudo e pedagogia de projetos. Objetiva-se instigar novos estudos, que favoreçam professores na hora de escolher/adaptar a estratégia de ensino para sua realidade e estimulem um processo de escolha mais reflexivo e direcionado ao desenvolvimento de atitudes críticas. Acredita-se que estudos nesta direção possam ser empreendidos em análises de políticas públicas educacionais curriculares, materiais didáticos e processos de formação de professores, na perspectiva de envidar esforços para avançar no desenvolvimento desta área, em contexto brasileiro.
Análise de rótulos de suplementos alimentares em aulas de Química: uma atividade de ensino de CTS
Authors: Costa Amanda Torres Vieira da , Messeder Jorge Cardoso
Published: August 2019

Este trabalho apresenta uma atividade de ensino de ciência, tecnologia e sociedade (CTS), na qual foram analisados rótulos de suplementos alimentares, com o objetivo norteador de auxiliar o professor na tarefa de avigorar ou renovar seus conhecimentos sobre temas químicos e suas relações com o trinômio química-saúde-sociedade. O trabalho foi desenvolvido com 74 alunos da terceira série do ensino médio, de uma escola pública do município de Mesquita, RJ. Foram observadas percepções discentes equivocadas acerca dos suplementos alimentares, que permitiram possibilidades de mediação entre o conhecimento escolar e o conhecimento do aluno, com novos significados para a química na vida dos alunos participantes da pesquisa. Abordar o tema suplementos alimentares em aulas de Química estabelece uma relação entre essa disciplina e a saúde, permitindo que os alunos reflitam sobre os riscos que envolvem o consumo de suplementos alimentares sem orientação profissional, além de um olhar crítico para o comércio dessas substâncias, com aspectos econômicos e éticos.
Atividades construtivistas diversificadas para introdução à Química: um estudo em uma escola da Amazônia ribeirinha
Authors: Brabo Jesus Cardoso , Souza Vital Júnior De Oliveira
Published: August 2019

Este artigo apresenta e discute a estrutura e a aplicação de um conjunto de atividades didáticas para o ensino de Química em uma turma de 25 estudantes do primeiro ano do ensino médio de uma escola pública localizada em uma comunidade ribeirinha do município de Breves, PA. Tratam-se de atividades inspiradas em diferentes estratégias, oriundas de sugestões didáticas de diversas pesquisas contemporâneas sobre o processo de ensino-aprendizagem de Química, que vão desde a realização de atividades de leitura analítica de textos informativos até a problematização de experimentos de Química relativamente simples para executar em salas de aula comuns. Foi possível observar um maior engajamento dos estudantes na realização das tarefas propostas bem como indícios qualitativos de melhor compreensão dos assuntos abordados ao longo das aulas.
O jogo digital on-line e as funções cognitivas de atenção e memória em Matemática: um estudo em neurociências
Authors: Da Silva Sindia Liliane Demartini , Scheffer Nilce Fátima
Published: August 2019

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar um produto educacional referente a uma pesquisa desenvolvida no Programa de Pós-Graduação Profissional em Educação da Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, campus Erechim. Trata-se dos jogos digitais on-line: Space Race e Batalha Matemática, que oferecem estratégias para o desenvolvimento das funções cognitivas humanas. Definimos o perfil dos estudantes nativos digitais e mostramos o jogo como perspectiva inovadora aos processos de ensinar e aprender. Apresentamos uma breve revisão de estudos relativos às funções cognitivas de atenção e memória associadas ao uso das tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação na perspectiva da neurociência. Os resultados apontam que o estudante mantém a atenção sensorial/mental voltada à atividade quando está interagindo com o jogo, bem como faz o uso da memória de trabalho e de processos de evocação e consolidação de memória permanente. Consequentemente, estes e outros jogos digitais podem ser considerados importantes aliados à aprendizagem matemática.
“A Morada é uma curandeira”: o feminino enquanto força
Authors: Flores Luiza Dias
Published: August 2019

A partir das provocações do feminismo descolonial a cerca de outras formas de relação que não pautados pelos sistemas de gênero e de sexo, trago a cosmopolítica desenvolvida na comunidade kilombola Morada da Paz, a partir do trabalho de campo que realizei durante o doutorado. Descrevo que o feminino concebido na comunidade se apresenta como força, ou seja, como algo que tem poder de ação no mundo. Essa ação é produzida principalmente através do cuidado e da cura, o que faz da Morada da Paz uma curandeira, que são elaborados a partir de uma perspectiva ecológica. Através da cura e do cuidado uma guerra cósmica é travada.
Dos corpos, a terra: notas sobre a criatividade no trabalho de Rosa Tisoy
Authors: Lotierzo Tatiana
Published: August 2019

Este artigo propõe olhar para obras como Sara Indi (Milho de Sol) e Kanimi Alli Uñangapa (Sou Boa Semente), da artista inga Rosa Tisoy, buscando situá-las enquanto lugares onde o conhecimento se realiza como efeito da co-presença de seres que ali se encontram e lugares da criatividade, onde a vida se perpetua entre diferentes seres. Conhecer, como criar, é partilhar samai (“alento”) e depende de um bonito pensar – suma yuyay –, aspecto importante do bem viver – suma kaugsay. Situado como lugar do conhecimento (um “lugar de vida e pensamento”, como se diz), o trabalho de Rosa transita por fluxos criativos que percorrem as chagras (roças) e o chumbe (uma faixa tecida de lã).
Mana e Substâncias Xamânicas: As Reconfigurações de Poder entre os Siona da Colômbia
Authors: Langdon Esther Jean
Published: August 2019

Inspirada pela discussão recente de Crépeau e Laugrand sobre mana, examino, entre os indígenas siona, a noção de rau como o conceito central para entender poder xamânico e práticas rituais. Assim, em vez de tratar rau como uma categoria estável do pensamento e de práticas indígenas, exploro esta noção como um conceito fluido e polissêmico que tem sofrido transformações no decorrer de contextos históricos e sociais. Como as discussões recentes sobre mana demonstram, rau é melhor entendido como um fenômeno social cujos usos e significados têm se transfigurado através do tempo e espaço. Rau foi primeiramente notado e traduzido por missionários no século XVII. Minha análise baseia-se em traduções do termo rau encontradas em documentos de missionários franciscanos e capuchinhos, nas traduções dos Siona oferecidas a mim na década de 1970, em diálogo sobre suas narrativas xamânicas, como também em traduções mais recentes oferecidas pelos taitas siona, num contexto de revitalização xamânica iniciado na década de 1990.
Mais a Oeste, as pescadoras. Uma etnografia sobre os saberes ecológicos e políticos das mulheres pescadoras tradicionais e produtoras de ostra da Ponta Oeste, Ilha do Mel, Paraná.
Authors: Pacheco Renata Beghetto
Published: August 2019

Resumo: Localizada na Ilha do Mel, Paraná, e vizinha ao Porto de Paranaguá, a Ponta Oeste é conhecida por alguns como protagonista de um conflito territorial devido a sobreposição de seu território por uma unidade de conservação integral na década de 80, pelo estado do Paraná. Portanto, falar sobre seus indivíduos é também falar sobre esse conflito territorial que se faz presente até os dias de hoje. Mediante esse panorama, o presente artigo versará sobre as mulheres pescadoras tradicionais, também conhecedoras de produção ostra e ainda líderes da comunidade da Ponta Oeste. O objetivo desse texto é pensar a experiência política e ecológica dessas mulheres frente as pressões e impacto ambientais provenientes do porto de Paranaguá e dos embargos inflingidos pelo estado do Paraná a essa coletividade.
Coragem e Vergonha. Os mortos e a vingança no sertão de Pernambuco
Authors: Villela Jorge Mattar
Published: August 2019

Este artigo avança a hipótese de que os mortos no sertão de Pernambuco, por conta das implicações do esquema de vingança, importam e interferem nos funcionamentos da justiça, por conta do júri popular, mas também na administração pública da violência e da criminalidade em diversos governos estaduais de Pernambuco.
“O comprimido entra e o chip sai": uma análise etnográfica da medicalização da periculosidade em um manicômio judiciário
Authors: Franco Túlio Maia
Published: August 2019

Neste artigo descrevo o papel central que ocupam os psicotrópicos no tratamento-compulsório do manicômio judiciário. Para explorar esta questão analiso, em um primeiro momento, uma série de documentos jurídicos e administrativos que versavam sobre o déficit no estoque de medicamentos e seus efeitos negativos sobre a população de internos nos dois Hospitais de Custódia e Tratamento Psiquiátrico (HCTP) do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Na segunda parte do texto examino etnograficamente a história de Sérgio, paciente de um HCTP que foi reinternado na instituição poucos meses após extinta sua medida de segurança. A análise antropológica do caso de Sérgio permitirá melhor compreender de que modo a “medicalização da periculosidade” se relaciona com a ideia de que o tratamento medicamentoso seria capaz de restituir o “equilíbrio psiquiátrico” ao paciente fazendo cessar sua “periculosidade”.
n. 26 - POLÍTICAS DE AVALIAÇÃO EXTERNA E SUAS INTERFACES COM AS AÇÕES MUNICIPAIS: O CASO DE CINCO MUNICÍPIOS CEARENSES
Authors: Costa Anderson Gonçalves , Vidal Eloisa Maia , Monte Ana Lidia Lopes do Carmo , Vieira Sofia Lerche
Published: August 2019

O artigo investiga o tema avaliação educacional em cinco municípios do Estado do Ceará, detendo-se sobre as iniciativas da gestão municipal na condução dessa política e/ou construção de iniciativas próprias. De natureza quanti-qualitativa, caracteriza-se como uma pesquisa exploratória utilizando como procedimento o estudo de caso, bases de dados do Instituto de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira (Inep) e entrevistas semiestruturadas junto a secretário(as) municipais de educação. Buscando entender as interfaces da avaliação municipal com as políticas estaduais e federais, detectou-se a institucionalização de uma cultura de avaliação que contribui para a mudança local. Foi possível confirmar o alinhamento dos municípios às políticas de avaliação externa conduzidas por outros entes da federação. A análise dos dados não permitiu associar os resultados de evolução do Ideb à existência de sistemas municipais de avaliação, considerando, inclusive, sua criação e trajetória diversificada ao longo do tempo, bem como maturidade e condições estruturais distintas. O estudo revelou graus diferenciados de internalização das políticas de avaliação de larga escala, sendo estes mais robustos nos municípios que possuem sistemas próprios. Dentre as implicações da pesquisa é oportuno registrar o entrelaçamento das políticas de avaliação externa nos diferentes municípios, muito embora, fatores próprios de cada contexto devam ser considerados. Note-se, ainda, a relevância de estudos de tal natureza para a compreensão da complexidade da questão federativa no país, de modo particular, no campo educacional.
n. 22 - NOVOS PARÂMETROS DE GESTÃO NA ESCOLA PÚBLICA: O PERFIL E OS SENTIDOS MERITOCRÁTICOS CONTIDOS NO PROCESSO DE REFORMA EDUCACIONAL NA REDE PÚBLICA ESTADUAL DE ENSINO DE GOIÁS
Authors: Silva Luís Gustavo Alexandre da
Published: August 2019

O artigo pretende analisar questões referentes aos temas reforma educacional e gestão escolar no contexto da rede estadual de ensino de Goiás. A pesquisa origina-se da análise de documentos oficiais da Secretaria de Estado da Educação, da Cultura e do Esporte - Seduce, em especial, os relativos aos programas Pacto pela Educação, Programa Reconhecer, Sistema de Avaliação Educacional do Estado de Goiás (Saego) e Currículo-Referência e de revisão da literatura realizada por meio de investigação sistemática de dissertações e teses defendidas na área educacional sobre o tema. Para identificar com maior precisão o objeto da pesquisa, a investigação tem como base a análise dos programas governamentais descritos, cujo objetivo foi alterar o modelo de gestão, avaliação e currículo praticado na rede estadual de ensino de Goiás e compreender as consequências desse processo na condução da gestão e organização das escolas públicas. O resultado demonstra a influência dos conceitos de responsabilização e meritocracia nos contornos assumidos pela reforma educacional e sua inflexão sobre a gestão do sistema educativo no Estado de Goiás.
Secondary Equity Offer Announcements and Share Returns at Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya
Authors: Marangu Kenneth , Muathe Stephen , Mwangi Lucy
Published: August 2019

This paper empirically analyzes the effect of secondary equity offer announcements on share returns at Nairobi Securities Exchange in Kenya by investigating the information content of the announcements and ascertaining whether the release of financial information in the capital market affects share returns. An event study employing the market return model determined share returns of 52 bonus issues and 28 rights issues announced between January 2006 and December 2015. The study established that secondary equity offer announcements had a significant and positive effect on share returns and that rights issues witnessed higher share returns when compared to bonus issues during the twenty-day event period. This study recommends management of Nairobi Securities Exchange listed companies to raise capital through secondary equity offers, as companies will increase their market capitalization. Investors on Nairobi Securities Exchange are encouraged to participate in secondary equity offers because they will earn positive share returns and increase their wealth. Existing shareholders should fully participate in rights issues because they will forgo positive share returns if they renounce their rights. Capital Markets Authority and Nairobi Securities Exchange should encourage more listed companies to raise capital through secondary equity offers, as this is advantageous to companies and investors.
Beliefs about Student Achievement Held by Teachers at Dutch Universities of Applied Sciences
Authors: Ballafkih Abdel Hafid , Van Middelkoop Daniel
Published: August 2019

Student achievement is a frequently debated issue in many European countries. In most public debates, it is assumed that all school-level stakeholders hold the same beliefs about student achievement. This paper contributes to the debate by presenting the results of research on the beliefs of teachers regarding student achievement.The results reveal four beliefs about student achievement held by teachers. The beliefs are centred on student efficiency, learning and enhancing skills, personal development, and active citizenship. The dominant belief is about the preparation for a profession in which a high-achieving student has good prospects of becoming a successful professional in a particular field. The results also show that the dominant belief held by school administrators (management), namely that student achievement is the same as student efficiency (how quickly students complete their studies), is questioned by teachers.