bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A NEW PANEL OF MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES TO RECOMBINANT SARS-COV-2 SPIKE ANTIGEN FOR DIAGNOSTICS
Authors: Agafonova O.A. , Mogilnykh A.K. , Malykhina M.A. , Usikova L.A. , Sorokin M.A. , Zaitseva N.S. , Murashkin D.E. , Vtorushina I.A. , Rukavishnikov M.Yu.
Published: November 2022

Two collections of hybridomas synthesizing antibodies to various regions of the SARS-CoV-2 surface Spike (S) protein were obtained. The candidate pairs of monoclonal antibodies were selected for constructing a kit that detects the SARS-CoV-2 S protein.
ALGINATE ENCAPSULATED PROBIOTICS: DEVELOPMENT AND SEVERAL PROPERTIES
Authors: Pokhilenko V.D. , Dunaitsev I.А. , Klykova М.V. , Chukina I.А.
Published: November 2022

Live cells of two probiotic strains were obtained, microencapsulated in alginate having an average particle size within the range of 160 to 850 microns. At least 98% of living cells were shown to be included in the capsules. The bacteria remained viable for up to 3 months when stored within the microcapsules in a liquid suspension.
CREATION OF IN SILICO MODEL OF HUMAN CARDIOMYOCYTE CULTURE WITH CONSIDERING CELL MORPHOLOGY
Authors: Slotvitsky M.M. , Kalinin А.I. , Tsvelaya V.А. , Agladze K.I
Published: November 2022

The paper describes the creation of an in silico model of cardiac tissue derived from induced pluripotent human stem cells (iPSCs). Such a model is acceptable for testing drugs for cardiotoxicity and the study of cardiac disorders.
CONSTRUCTION AND APPLICATION OF A WHOLE-CELL INOSINE BIOSENSOR
Authors: Zolotukhina M.A. , Hook Ch.D. , Stoynova N.V.
Published: November 2022

A whole-cell inosine biosensor that is inosine auxotrophic Escherichia coli strain carrying a green fluorescent protein gene gfp has been constructed. The biosensor was used to screen culture broth samples after fermentation of Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli inosine-producing strains and for co-cultivation with these strains. It was demonstrated that the biosensor strain showed 3-fold higher fluorescent signal in case of the inosine producer strain than in case of the wild type strain.
FLEXIBLE SERS-ACTIVE SUBSTRATE BASED ON SILVER NANOSTRUCTURES FOR DETERMINATION OF PESTICIDES
Authors: Komova N.S. , Aybush A.V. , Zherdev A.V. , Dzantiev B.B.
Published: November 2022

A SERS-active substrate made of a cellulose membrane material coated with a silver film and additionally modified with silver nanostructures has been obtained and characterized. Using the example of malathion, the effectiveness of the SERS-active substrate for determining low concentrations of pesticides is shown.
OPTIMIZATION OF THE PROCESS OF SACCHARIFICATION OF HARDWOOD CELLULOSE UNDER THE ACTION OF HYDROLASES AND OXYGENASES
Authors: Semenova M.V. , Sinitsyn A.P.
Published: November 2022

A complex of enzymes has been selected for the exhaustive enzymatic conversion of semi-bleached sulfate hardwood pulp to monosaccharides, carried out in the substrate concentration range from 100 to 300 g/l. The role of cellulases, xylanase, β-glucosidase and polysaccharide monooxygenase in the intensification of the process is shown.
A LATERAL FLOW TEST SYSTEM FOR THE SENSITIVE DETERMINATION OF
MERCURY IONS IN WATER BODIES
Authors: Serebrennikova K.V. , Berlina A.N. , Zherdev A.V. , Dzantiev B.B.
Published: November 2022

A lateral flow test system has been implemented and the conditions for the sensitive and selective determination of mercury ions in the matrix of natural waters have been optimized. A linear range for mercury ions concentration from 0.3 to 25 ng/ml and limit of detection of 0.13 ng/mL were achieved, which meets the practical requirements for drinking water.
PSEUDOMONAS VERONII STRAIN 7P-81 - A PROMISING DESTRUCTOR OF ALIPHATIC AND AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
Authors: Streletsky R.A. , Delegan Ya.A. , Vetrova A.A.
Published: November 2022

Pseudomonas veronii strain 7p-81 is a destructor of both aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. The genes encoding the enzymes of degradation of PAHs and n-alkanes are localized on the conjugative plasmid. The degree of oil degradation by the studied strain in a liquid mineral medium was 20.8% for 7 days.
THE TRANSFORMATION OF POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE POLYMERS BY ASCOMYCETES
Authors: Burov A.M. , Turkovskaya O.V.
Published: November 2022

Soil-inhabiting ascomycetes Lecanicillium aphanocladii, Talaromyces sayulitensis, Trichoderma harzianum, and Fusarium oxysporum could use polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as the sole source of carbon and energy. The activities of cutinase, the key enzyme of depolymerization, was revealed in all studied fungi. Some oxidoreductases which can catalyze the utilization of the formed products (peroxidases in F. oxysporum, peroxidases and/or oxidases in L. aphanocladii and T. sayulitensis) were found too. The data obtained contribute to the understanding of the processes of degradation/transformation of plastics in natural ecosystems and can be used to develop environmental biotechnologies.
INFLUENCE OF THE RADIOPAQUE SUBSTANCES NATURE
ON THE BEHAVIOR OF EMBOLIZING SYSTEMS IN VIVO
Authors: Stafford V.V. , Ogannisian A.S. , Zhavoronok E.S. , Panov A.V. , Vinokurova T.I. , Kedik S.A.
Published: November 2022

The influence of iodine-containing radiopaque substances (water-soluble and water-insoluble compounds) nature on the functional properties of the emboli was studied in a comparative aspect during the experiment in vivo. The assessment was carried out through radiographic, histological, hematological and microscopic research techniques.
It has been found that emboli, regardless of the radiopaque substance nature, completely block the blood flow and do not have a toxic effect on the organism. Contrasting of liquid embolizing systems with contrasting substances of different nature leads to some differences, however, the embolizing properties of the systems are preserved.
CLINICAL, PATHOMORPHOLOGICAL AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL CHANGES IN SHEEP INFECTED WITH THE STRAIN OF SCRAPIE BT-91
Authors: Nadtochey G.A. , Stafford V.V.
Published: November 2022

Experiments have shown that strain BT-91 in sheep causes clinical symptoms of the disease and histopathological changes in the central nervous system that are characteristic of classical scrapie.
EFFECT OF ULOMOIDES DERMESTOIDES EXTRACT WITH HIGH ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY ON COGNITIVE ABILITIES OF AGING ANIMALS
Authors: Dontsov A.E. , Tikhonova O.V. , Ambaryan A.V. , Bastrakov A.I. , Butenko A.I.
Published: November 2022

Extracts of larvae and beetle Ulomoides dermestoides with high antioxidant activity were obtained: 1 mg/ml of larval extract protein is equivalent in antioxidant activity to 1.36 mM Trolox. The extract contains peptides of thioredoxin and glutathione redox systems, superoxide dismutase, catalase, heat shock proteins 70 kDa. Animals that received 400 micrograms/kg of extract for 1 month with food showed better cognitive abilities than the control ones.
EVALUATION OF THE ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF LAKE BAIKAL OXYPHILIC MICROORGANISMS CULTIVATED UNDER OXIDATIVE STRESS
Authors: Shelkovnikova V.N. , Belyshenko A.Yu. , Malygina E.V. , Morgunova M.M. , Imidoeva N.A. , Telnova T.Yu. , Vlasova A.A. , Konovalov A.S. , Dmitriev I.A. , Kolesov N.S. , Axenov-Gribanov D.V.
Published: November 2022

Currently, there is a need to search for new sources of antioxidants for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and diseases of the reproductive system. The work shows that the microorganisms of Lake Baikal can synthesize antioxidants.
INFLUENCE OF ULTRASOUND PRENATAL STRESS ON THE CONCENTRATION OF NEUROTROPHIN AND NEUROPETIDES IN RAT BLOOD PLASMA
Authors: Zorkina Ya.A. , Zubkov E.A. , Morozova A.Yu.
Published: November 2022

Prenatal stress induced by exposure to variable ultrasound induced altered neuropeptide concentrations in the blood plasma of adult rats.
AMIDOPHOSPHATE CONJUGATES GLYCEROLIPID DERIVATIVES OF 2’,3’-DIDEOXY-3’-THIACYTIDINE AND L-ALANINE ESTERS
Authors: Vojtik K.D. , Shchelkonogov V.A. , Shastina N.S.
Published: November 2022

In the course of the study, new derivatives of 2’,3’-dideoxy-3’-thiacytidine (3TC) based on 1,3-dipalmitoylglycerin were synthesized, modified at the phosphorus center with a number of L-alanine esters. Some of the conjugates showed significant antiretroviral activity and low cytotoxicity.
PARTICIPATION OF HUMAN OLFACTORY ENSHEATHING CELLS IN NEUROREGENERATION PROCESSES IN EXPERIMENTAL SPINAL CORD INJURIES
Authors: Fursa G.A. , Karsuntseva E.K. , Voronova A.D. , Chadin A.V. , Andretsova S.S. , Semkina A.S. , Shishkina V.S. , Reshetov I.V. , Chekhonin V.P.
Published: November 2022

The experimental post-traumatic spinal cord cysts were modeled. The efficiency of transplantation of the human olfactory ensheathing cells into cysts to restore the motor activity of the hind limbs of rats was shown. Survival and migration of ensheathing cells in vivo, their participation in the remyelination were shown.
LIPOIC ACID NANODISPERSIONS: PREPARATION, ANTIPLATELET AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES
Authors: Shipelova A.V. , nshakova A.M. I , Darnotuk E.S. , Baranova O.A. , Chekanov A.V. , Kazarinov K.D. , Shastina N.S. , Solov’eva E.Yu. , Fedin A.I.
Published: November 2022

Nanoemulsions (NEs) with lipoic acid (LA) with a particle size from 50 to 350 nm were obtained, characterized by 85±10% efficiency of inclusion (EF) of LA into nanoparticles (NPs), its slow release from nanoforms, and also having high stability during long-term storage at room temperature. Nanoemulsions containing LA have been shown to suppress platelet aggregation (Pt) caused by arachidonic acid (AA).
DETECTON OF MICRORNAS ASSOCIATED WITH OVARIAN CANCER USING A NANOWIRE BIOSENSOR
Authors: Goldaeva K.V. , Pleshakova T.O. , Ivanov Y.D.
Published: November 2022

In this work, the detection of microRNAs associated with ovarian cancer in buffer solutions at ultra-low concentrations (10-17 - 10-14 М), and in plasma samples has been carried out using a nanowire biosensor. The results of this work can be used in the development of highly sensitive systems for early diagnosis of ovarian cancer.
FUNCTIONAL HETEROGENEITY OF TUMOR CELLS ASSOCIATED WITH EXPRESSION OF STEM CELL MARKER CD133
Authors: Gisina A.M. , Potashnikova D.M. , Tvorogova A.V. , Yarygin K.N. , Lupatov A.Yu.
Published: November 2022

We showed direct correlation between the expression of CD133 and proliferative, as well as clonogenic properties of cells in cancer cell lines Caco2 and HT-29. At the same time, we did not show differences in cisplatin resistance between cell population with different level of CD133 in these cell lines.
STEM Teaching and Learning in Rural Communities: Exploring Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Stramel Janet K. , Legleiter Earl
Published: November 2022

This special issue of Theory & Practice in Rural Education highlights STEM Teaching and Learning in Rural Communities. The articles selected represent both theory and practice and explore the complexities, practices, challenges, and opportunities facing rural schools and universities as they design and implement STEM teaching and learning. Articles from the field have related rural school success stories of how rural districts have overcome challenges to have effective and rich STEM teaching and learning in rural schools.
Virtual Summer Institutes as a Method of Rural Science Teacher Development
Authors: Thompson Stephen L , Curcio Rachelle , Adgerson Amber , Harbour Kristin E , D’Amico Leigh Kale , West Hall S , Roy George J , Baker Melissa A , Guest Jessie , Compton-Lilly Catherine
Published: November 2022

Key Policy documents call for science teacher preparation programs to provide teacher candidates with approximations to authentic teaching experiences that occur in realistic contexts. Providing such opportunities for teacher candidates located in communities that are rural and geographically far from university settings is especially difficult. Stakeholders also point to the importance of positive coaching and mentoring relationships as key factors impacting the growth of teacher candidates. In this paper we discuss the positive potential of virtual science-related summer institutes as a vehicle to (a) provide authentic science teaching experiences for teacher candidates, and (b) promote the development of positive coaching and mentoring relationships. We also share features of a summer science institute developed as a launch to our teacher residency preparation program that incorporated teacher candidates, school-based teacher educators, and university-based supervisors to maximize the potential positive impacts. Data included quantitative and qualitative post-institute survey data from teacher candidates, school-based teacher educators, and university-based supervisors. Findings revealed that residents’ perception of their content knowledge development, pedagogical knowledge development, and overall effectiveness of the summer institute were high; additionally, school-based teacher educators and university-based supervisors indicated positive perceptions of the institute, noting their knowledge of coaching increased, helpful resources were provided, and institute structures promoted the development of positive coaching relationships. These results provide tentative evidence to support the continued use of virtual science summer institutes as a viable option for supporting both preservice and in-service teacher development.
STEMulating interest with a rural place-conscious curriculum
Authors: Westbrook Elaine
Published: November 2022

This study was designed to investigate rural cultural and social influences that are uniquely different from other areas that could inform or shape the development of students’ science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) interest. However, previous research focusing on place-conscious designs in rural locations has not explored how to increase students’ interest in STEM. Specifically, this study investigated the effects of three informal instructional methods (hands-on, role model, and culminating projects) in a place-conscious curriculum on STEM interest. Participants included youth in grades 3rd through 5th attending two local schools in one community. Results indicated STEM interest increased through collaborative work, new knowledge, and action research. This study will help fill the gap in rural-based empirical studies of STEM interest development, informal education, and youth ages 8-12.
All kinds of text: Investigating a phenomenon through multimodal media
Authors: Frederick Peinado Nelson
Published: November 2022

Explanations about real-world phenomena are frequently challenging for students in this time when they can ask Siri or Google for the answer to a question like, “How far away is the moon?” Many of the worthwhile scientific questions are more complex, dependent on numerous conditions, subject to individual interpretations, and requiring attention to the credibility of the resource that is answering the question. The typical approach of elementary and middle school learners to an informational text is an open-ended or exploratory one in which they read a text with attention to the main idea and supporting details. The purpose of reading is usually for the learner to look at explanations of concepts, facts, and ideas in these expository texts. In this article, we approach text using the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) Science and Engineering Practice of Obtaining, Evaluating, and Communicating Information to interact with a variety of information sources with the purpose of investigating a phenomenon.
Integrating Computational Thinking in Rural Middle School Art Classes in Eastern North Carolina
Authors: Reardon R. Martin
Published: November 2022

With funding from a National Science Foundation (NSF) grant, an innovative endeavor to integrate computational thinking into the teaching of both music and visual arts in three rural school districts in North Carolina was launched in early December 2018. Over the next five years—a time span that encompassed a major hurricane which devastated the area and the COVID-19 pandemic—the partners in a research practitioner partnership collaborated to create and refine curricular activity system projects in both subject areas. This paper is focused on the visual arts component of the grant activities. After discussing the genesis of the project, I situate it as contributing to the cultural capital of the middle school student participants and situate it theoretically in cognitive flexibility theory. I then discuss the operational definition of computational thinking that underpinned the design of the elements of the curricular activity system which were then refined and adapted to the rural contexts in collaboration with the teachers. I provide an overview of the curricular activities (a professional development website was created by grant colleagues at University 2) and discuss students’ perspectives on the concepts and approaches of computational thinking. I close with reflections on the importance of the project.
Integrating a sustainability education model into STEM courses at a tribal college
Authors: Caughman Liliana
Published: November 2022

Indigenous scholars have been historically excluded from Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) and are currently underrepresented in STEM degree programs and jobs. Having a population with STEM skills is crucial for rural sovereign Native American communities to manage their natural resources, infrastructures, and technologies. Thus, STEM education must be transformed to welcome and support the achievement of Indigenous scholars. This research explores the impacts of implementing a Sustainability Education (SE) pedagogy in science courses at a tribal college that serves rural and semirural Native American students. Using pre- and post- surveys as well as phenomenographic interviews this work aims to understand student attitudes towards the combined science and sustainability curriculum. Results indicate that students are receptive to this curriculum and that they have a positive experience in sustainability focused science courses. Additionally, the SE science courses positively impacted students’ science identities, which has been shown to contribute to persistence in science. Tribal Colleges and Universities and other institutions of higher learning can use this work to better understand what leads to Indigenous student success in STEM and update pedagogies accordingly.
Evaluasi Rekrutmen Panitia Pengawas Pemilihan Umum Kecamatan Di Badan Pengawas Pemilihan Umum Kabupaten Lahat
Authors: Saswita Saswita , Fansyah Andi Joni , Idi Abdullah
Published: November 2022

Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Evaluasi Rekruitmen Panitia Pengawas Pemilihan Kecamatan Di Badan Pengawas Pemilihan Umum Kabupaten Lahat.  Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan kajian untuk mengembangkan ilmu administrasi publik, khususnya bagi kalangan akademisi mengenai Rekruitmen Panitia Pengawas Pemilihan Kecamatan Di Badan Pengawas Pemilihan Umum Kabupaten Lahat, lembaga akademisi, sebagai informasi ilmiah untuk mengembangkan ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi dan melakukan penelitian  lebih lanjut dan dapat memotivasi penulis untuk banyak belajar dan untuk memahami manajemen sumber daya manusia, menambah wawasan dan pengetahuan bagi penulis tentang Kegiatan Rekruitmen Panitia Pengawas Pemilihan Kecamatan Di Badan Pengawas Pemilihan Umum Kabupaten Lahat. Kesimpulan penelitian ini sebagai berikut: (1). Kegiatan Rekruitmen Panitia Pengawas Pemilihan Kecamatan Di Badan Pengawas Pemilihan Umum Kabupaten Lahat, sudah berjalan dengan baik namun untuk sumber daya manusia yang ada untuk selalu diberdayakan dalam setiap kegiatan, kemudian untuk tahapan seleksi ditambah dengan tes kesehatan yang dilakukan oleh Bawaslu Kabupaten/Kota, jangan hanya menjadi syarat administrasi saja dengan melampirkan surat kesehatan, tetapi harus dilakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan yang ketat, namun dari segi yang lain dirasakan sudah baik dan memenuhi standar yang telah ditentukan dan ditetapkan. (2). Faktor Rekrutmen Panitia Pengawas Pemilihan Kecamatan (Panwascam) adalah : a). Pemahaman para staf dan calon Panwascam tentang pelaksaaan Rekruitmen Panitia Pengawas Pemilihan Kecamatan Di Badan Pengawas Pemilihan Umum Kabupaten Lahat yang masih kurang, kadang-kadang mereka berpikir bahwa proses seleksi ini hanya formalitas, kiranya untuk dibuang dari benak pemikiran mereka, karna proses seleksi ini penting untuk menentukan kualitas penyelenggara pemilu ditingkat Kecamatan yang kualitasnya baik dan berintegritas. b). Kurangnya staf dan sarana pendukung yang ada akan membuat proses dan mekanisme rekruitmen agak sedikit terganggu.
Efektivitas Penyidikan dan Pemberantasan Peredaran Narkotika Pada Badan Narkotika Nasional Provinsi Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Kurniawan Ahmad Kurdi , Sulastri Sri , Mardianto Mardianto
Published: November 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis efektivitas penyidikan dan pemberantasan peredaran  narkotika Pada Badan Narkotika Nasional Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data atau informasi dikumpulkan melalui wawancara terhadap informan. Adapun jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini termasuk dalam jenis data kualitatif diperoleh dari wawancara informants maupun buku, peraturan, dokumen, jurnal dan literatur lainnya yang dianggap relevan dengan penelitian ini. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan meliputi wawancara, observasi serta dokumentasi. Teknik analissi data yang digunakan meliputi tiga komponen analisis, yaitu reduksi, sajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas penyidikan dan pemberantasan peredaran  narkotika Pada Badan Narkotika Nasional Provinsi Sumatera Selatan sesuai dengan indikator yang digunakan peneliti sudah cukup baik. Namun, perlu ditingkatkan. Jadi, BNNP Sumatera Selatan belum dapat dikatakan efektif.  dapat disimpulkan bahwa a) Input; dalam mencapai target tersebut pihaknya telah dilakukan semaksimal mungkin namun belum begitu efektif dan belum optimal.  Hal ini sebabkan karena modus operandi semakin canggih dan kemampuan aparat terbatas termasuk peralatan dan khususnya keterbatasan anggaran dana minim hanya cukup kegiatan operasional inti, sumber daya manusia (SDM) secara kuantitas yang sangat kurang,  keterbatasan alat dan prasarana pendukung dalam proses penyidikan serta alat patroli menjadi salah satu kendala dalam pemberantasan narkotika mengingat kondisi geografis provinsi Sumatera Selatan yang padat penduduk serta kondisi jalan yang  macet dan metode dan strategi yang digunakan sudah tepat namun belum optimal dalam pelaksanaannya. b) Proses; Badan Narkotika Nasional Provinsi Sumatera Selatan telah sesuai prosedur dan juga BNNP Sumsel terus memaksimalkan mekanisme dan proses Penyidikan dengan mengumpulkan informasi dan bukti yang ada dan Pemberantasan Peredaran Narkotika dilakukan dengan bekerjasama dengan masyarakat dan pemerintah setempat, telah dilaksanakannya sosialisasi dan pada tahap pengawasan dan pelakwaaan sudah cukup baik namun belum optimal karena minimnya SDM yang tersedia. dan c) Hasil; Penyidikan dan Pemberantasan Peredaran Narkotika pada Badan Narkotika Nasional Provinsi Sumatera Selatan pada output/hasil sudah membuahkan hasil namun belum begitu efektif. Hal ini terbukti dari jumlah pengungkapan kasus pada tahun 2019 dan 2020  masih sedikit, meskipun sudah ada hasil pengungkapan kasus
Analisis Pelaksanaan Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Perumahan Bagi Masyarakat Berpenghasilan Rendah Di Kota Palembang
Authors: Hermawita Hermawita , Idris Umiyati , Zofir Tasrif
Published: November 2022

Tujuan penelitan ini untuk menganalisis aplikasi Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Perumahan bagi rakyat Berpenghasilan Rendah di Kota Palembang.Penelitian ini ialah penelitian naratif menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Data yg digunakan ialah sesuai jenisnya artinya data kuantitatif dan data kualitatif sedangkan berdasarkan Asalnya artinya data utama dan data sekunder. Instrumen pengumpul data yang dipergunakan adalah observasi, wawancara serta dokumentasi. Adapun informan dalam penelitian ini adalah ketua Dinas Perumahan dan kawasan Permukiman Provinsi Sumatera Selatan; ketua Bidang Perumahan; kepala Seksi Penyediaan perumahan; Staf PNS dan honor sebesar tiga orang; dan rakyat Berpenghasilan Rendah sebanyak tiga orang.Analisis data adalah analisis kualitatif dengan contoh interaktif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pada kesimpulkan bahwa aplikasi Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Perumahan Bagi masyarakat Berpenghasilan Rendah di Kota Palembang telah dilaksanakan dengan optimal.
LABOR USE EFFICIENCY OF ETHIOPIAN AIRPORTS
Authors: Kaleab Tsegay , Heshmati Almas
Published: November 2022

This study analyses labor use efficiency of Ethiopian airports using an input requirement function approach. The study considers panel data for 13 international and domestic airports covering the period 2002-2017. The fixed effects, a multi-step model of separating persistent and transitory inefficiency, and maximum likelihood estimation techniques are used for estimating the airports’ labor use efficiency. The study concluded that labor use and airport output were complementary hence expansion of airport facilities is recommended. Capital, energy, and maintenance and repair inputs substitute labor use. The efficiency results vary according to the models’ underlying assumptions. The average labor use efficiency of the fixed-effects, multi-step and maximum likelihood methods are 47.52, 49.60 and 50.59% respectively. Despite these minor differences, many domestic airports performed relatively better compared to international airports. Thus, deployment of resources above the minimum requirements should be reconsidered as a source of cost reduction. The airports with high persistent inefficiency will continue to remain inefficient which may necessitate structural changes and revision of employment and labor use policies so as to increase their labor productivity.
L’alliance franco-polonaise dans les estimations militaires et diplomatiques de Moscou dans les années 1920
Authors: E. Magadeev Iskander
Published: November 2022

Cet article analyse la perception soviétique de l’alliance franco-polonaise dans les années 1920. Moscou estimait les liens entre Paris et Varsovie comme un élément crucial de la situation stratégique en Europe. Considérant la Pologne comme son ennemi le plus probable, les dirigeants soviétiques craignaient que l’assistance française, soit sous la forme de livraison des matériels de guerre, soit par l’envoi des troupes, ne renforce effectivement les pays constitutifs du « cordon sanitaire ». Bien plus, l’offensive française éventuelle contre l’Allemagne à l’Ouest pouvait presque annuler les victoires de l’Armée rouge à l’Est. À Moscou, on a considéré à juste titre l’affaiblissement de l’alliance franco-polonaise après la conclusion des accords de Locarno en 1925, quand bien même le « noyau dur » de ses estimations antérieures ont persisté même après cette date.
Saint-Cyr et les saint-cyriens à l’épreuve de la guerre d’Indochine (1946-1955)
Authors: Taiarui Manatea
Published: November 2022

Entre 1946 et 1955, après les secousses de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, l’École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr, désormais installée à Coëtquidan, doit relever de nouveaux défis dans le contexte de la Guerre froide et des guerres de décolonisation. L’institution et ses élèves subissent le choc de la guerre d’Indochine, un conflit où les méthodes conventionnelles de la guerre sont remises en cause par un nouvel adversaire. Durant les neuf années de combats, où la « guerre révolutionnaire » menée par le Vietminh fait rage, Saint-Cyr vit à l’épreuve de la guerre d’Indochine. La formation et la vie militaire des saint-cyriens subissent des recompositions profondes, au point que ce conflit bouleverse durablement les représentations et la perception même de la guerre et de l’Extrême-Orient au cœur de la lande bretonne.
Une culture méditerranéenne ?
Authors: Mendieta Santiago
Published: November 2022

C’est dans l’imaginaire et la puissance des mythes fondateurs que s’est forgée la notion même de Méditerranée, qui échappe à bien des classifications. Peut-on cependant parler d’une culture méditerranéenne alors que la profusion, les différences, la division, les conflits, caractérisent ce berceau de la civilisation occidentale ? À ces régressions, face à cet espace d’affrontement des mondes, s’oppose le concept généreux et ouvert de « méditerranéité », porté notamment par Albert Camus.
Enjeux énergétiques en Méditerranée : la fin d’un cycle ?
Authors: Daviet Sylvie , Benalouache Nadia
Published: November 2022

En quoi l’énergie est-elle un révélateur des relations entre les deux rives de la Méditerranée ? Tel est le fil conducteur de cet article qui, après avoir retracé des évolutions de longue durée, se penche sur l’abandon du Plan solaire méditerranéen, les tensions autour des ressources à l’aube des années 2020 et les nouveaux paramètres de la question énergétique.
Les religions en Méditerranée, entre partition et partage
Authors: Albera Dionigi
Published: November 2022

En vue d’un dialogue entre, d’un côté, les perspectives d’une anthropologie historique des religions dans l’espace méditerranéen et, de l’autre, la théologie de la Méditerranée développée, sous l’impulsion notamment du pape François, par l’Église catholique, l’article s’efforce de dégager quelques éléments constitutifs d’un style religieux qui, dans l’arène méditerranéenne, apparaît composite et contradictoire. Les relations entre groupes religieux sont souvent orientées vers la partition, sans pourtant exclure des moments de partage.
Migrations méditerranéennes
Authors: Wihtol de Wenden Catherine
Published: November 2022

Ce sont les migrations qui ont fait la Méditerranée, mais cet espace migratoire régional parmi les plus importants au monde reste une zone de conflits, de négociations et de morts. La fracture entre la rive nord et la rive sud est l’une des plus fortes de la planète, malgré de nombreux objets de dialogue et d’échange. Les politiques européennes ont déployé depuis le milieu des années 1980 une multitude d’instruments pour se protéger des migrations, tout en étant dépendantes de celles-ci, sur le plan démographique comme sur le plan économique, et sans être parvenues à infléchir la tendance des flux.
Renversement de rives
Authors: Poivre d’Arvor Olivier
Published: November 2022

Quel avenir pour la coopération Nord-Sud en Méditerranée ? Si les initiatives en la matière n’ont su jusqu’à présent faire bouger les rives, c’est avant tout parce qu’elles viennent d’un Nord qui veut faire, y compris à sa place, le bien d’un Sud en quête d’unité politique. Il faut, d’un côté comme de l’autre, renverser la carte et la table : laisser enfin parler les peuples, déplacer les centres de décisions, pour qu’advienne une citoyenneté méditerranéenne. L’équilibre actuel n’est guère propice à cet élan partagé, mais un nouveau souffle pourrait tout changer.
Jeanne d’Arc, une adolescente comme les autres ?
Authors: Vilhem Steve , Moro Marie Rose
Published: November 2022

Jeanne d’Arc (1412-1431) est l’une des figures les plus emblématiques de l’histoire de France. Refusant le destin qui lui était assigné – mariage et maternité – elle quitte sa famille pour l’armée, délivrant Orléans à l’âge de 17 ans avant d’être capturée puis brûlée vive deux années plus tard. Objet de fascination, la trajectoire unique de cette adolescente a suscité maintes interrogations de la part des médecins qui se sont intéressés à sa vie et aux évènements qui l’ont ponctuée. Dans ce travail, nous proposons de retracer l’ensemble des rétro-diagnostics attribués à Jeanne d’Arc depuis le xix e  siècle. Loin de vouloir nous astreindre à un exercice similaire de pathologisation du personnage, nous souhaitons, à l’aune des éléments biographiques et des diagnostics évoqués, proposer d’imaginer Jeanne d’Arc sous les traits d’une adolescente comme les autres.
Cheminement de chercheur : analyse de ses contre-transferts pour une clinique du « ré-œuvrement »
Authors: Feldman Marion
Published: November 2022

Partant du postulat de Georges Devereux que c’est l’étude de l’observateur et non celle du sujet qui nous donne accès à l’essence même de la situation clinique (1967), je propose dans cet article d’analyser mes contre-transferts de chercheur dans la rencontre depuis cinq ans avec les ex-enfants réunionnais exilés en France métropolitaine entre 1962 et 1984. Cette analyse m’a permis de formaliser le cadre actuel d’une recherche clinique. L’analyse des éprouvés sera explicitée après que soient posés les contextes politique, historique et clinique de la recherche ainsi que les étapes vers sa mise en place. Le parcours du chercheur est ici décliné en plusieurs étapes qui vont de : Sur le pas de la porte jusqu’à la découverte des lieux de passage et d’exil, qui donne lieu à la formulation d’une clinique du désœuvrement, voire de l’an-œuvrement, afin de construire un dispositif de recherche de réœuvrement pour des adultes dont les cris sont restés sans « voix/voies », depuis leur exil de La Réunion à la métropole alors qu’ils étaient enfants.
Liens autour de pratiques sportives, facteurs de résilience pour mineurs étrangers non accompagnés
Authors: Manço Altay , Crutzen Danièle
Published: November 2022

Le Centre d’accueil pour mineurs étrangers non accompagnés (MENA) d’Assesse (Belgique) héberge de jeunes exilés entre 13 et 18 ans, pour la plupart affectés par des vulnérabilités physiques et psychiques générées par l’exil et les violences de guerre. Depuis 2015, les brutalités subies sur les routes migratoires s’aggravent et orientent l’accueil vers des profils de moins en moins réceptifs aux stratégies psychothérapeutiques (Le Cardinal, 2021). Dans ce contexte, la recherche interroge l’apport de pratiques sportives comme facteurs de résilience psychosociale et comme réponses alternatives aux besoins de réappropriation de soi : il s’agit d’étayer l’hypothèse préventive posée par le projet pédagogique du Centre, en observant les bénéfices de l’activité sportive et des liens qu’elle génère sur le développement psychosocial des jeunes. De juillet 2019 à avril 2021, un protocole mensuel d’observations individuelles a été mis en œuvre par 25 professionnels et bénévoles du Centre, ciblant 48 jeunes en matière de suivi médical, juridique, social et scolaire, de fréquentation de clubs sportifs, d’un hall omnisports, ainsi que d’autres activités sportives plus ou moins structurées. Traversée par la pandémie, la récolte de données a été complétée par des interviews (N=25) réalisées auprès de partenaires (coaches, tuteurs, enseignants, thérapeutes) et auprès de jeunes ayant récemment quitté le Centre. Chaque trimestre, l’analyse des données a été discutée en équipe.
Déficience intellectuelle : trauma foetal et traumas précoces, approche projective comparée en clinique infantile
Authors: Depoorter Coralie , de Tychey Claude
Published: November 2022

L’objectif de cette étude exploratoire est d’évaluer à l’aide de techniques projectives l’existence d’un trauma fœtal et de traumas précoces chez 20 enfants et pré-adolescents présentant une déficience intellectuelle, comparés à 20 sujets témoins à partir de deux indicateurs : l’index de contenus traumatiques TCI du Rorschach et les réponses au conte du poussin. Les traitements statistiques comparatifs des données obtenues confirment une fréquence significativement plus grande à la fois de traces projectives d’un traumatisme prénatal et de traumas précoces dans le groupe clinique. Les résultats confirment l’existence d’un trauma fœtal et de traumas précoces chez les enfants présentant une déficience intellectuelle. Des pistes de recherches ultérieures sont suggérées.
Catastrophes naturelles et dynamiques économiques : application aux cyclones tropicaux
Authors: Lehtomaa Jere , Renoir Clément
Published: November 2022

Nous passons en revue la littérature macroéconomique sur les catastrophes naturelles et proposons une nouvelle méthodologie pour intégrer les dommages causés par les cyclones tropicaux dans les modèles économiques. Nous combinons un modèle de croissance économique en équilibre général avec un modèle d’impact des cyclones. Nous montrons que le rebond économique post -catastrophe peut prendre plusieurs décennies, avec des effets cumulatifs notables pour les régions fréquemment touchées. Néanmoins, l’ampleur de l’impact dépend des hypothèses concernant le changement climatique à venir et les moteurs sous-jacents de la croissance économique. Nous prenons l’économie américaine pour quantifier nos résultats.
La réputation des agriculteurs et l’efficacité des paiements pour services environnementaux
Authors: Claise Fanny , Etner Johanna , Nicolaï Jean-Philippe
Published: November 2022

L’objectif de cet article est d’étudier les paiements pour services environnementaux (PSE), qui sont des incitations monétaires attribuées aux agriculteurs volontaires pour changer leurs pratiques agricoles afin de préserver l’environnement et d’analyser les obstacles à leur déploiement. Nous analysons les décisions des agriculteurs vis-à-vis de l’adoption de telles pratiques dans un contexte où les effets réputationnels sont importants, allant du regard des pairs à celui des consommateurs. Après avoir présenté le travail de Bénabou et Tirole [2006] portant sur le rôle des normes sociales, nous proposons une adaptation de ce modèle à la question des PSE. Nous en déduisons des propositions pour l’amélioration de cet instrument.
The Impact of Water Protection Measures in the Vittel Impluvium on Recreational Values: A Choice Experiment with Local Residents
Authors: Amiri Tristan , Abildtrup Jens , Garcia Serge , Montagné-Huck Claire
Published: November 2022

L’agriculture fournissant de multiples services écosystémiques (SE), les actions entreprises pour la protection des zones de captage d’eau de source par les sociétés d’eau minérale peuvent produire des externalités positives. En mettant en œuvre des mesures respectueuses de l’environnement dans le cadre de contrats avec des agriculteurs et des gestionnaires de forêts, les compagnies privées de distribution d’eau en bouteille ne créent pas seulement de la valeur pour elles-mêmes et leurs consommateurs, mais contribuent également au bien-être de la population locale en augmentant le niveau de biodiversité et des SE (par exemple, loisirs et tourisme, beauté esthétique et pittoresque, patrimoine culturel) en tant que co-bénéfices de la protection de la qualité de l’eau. Cet article vise à évaluer les préférences environnementales et sociales de la population locale de Vittel et des environs, la région où Nestlé Waters produit les eaux minérales naturelles de Vittel ® , Contrex ® et Hépar ® , en appliquant une expérience de choix discret (DCE). Nous avons considéré des zones récréatives « communes » (c’est-à-dire la campagne et la forêt) décrites par le biais d’attributs pertinents, identifiés dans des études précédentes (par exemple, des installations telles que des tables de pique-nique ou des panneaux d’information, des chemins de randonnée et des pistes cyclables) et des attributs basés sur des mesures spécifiques (par exemple, pas d’utilisation de pesticides, présence de haies) mises en œuvre par Agrivair, une filiale de Nestlé Waters dédiée aux questions écologiques sur l’ impluvium . Nous avons constaté que la population préfère éviter les zones avec pesticides et même celles où ils ne savent pas si des pesticides sont utilisés, pour leurs activités de loisirs. La préférence pour les haies s’avère faible, parfois négative, mettant en évidence un compromis potentiel entre la biodiversité et les activités récréatives.
Why are Scientific Forecasts Regarding Climate Change Unable to Trigger its Mitigation?
Authors: Colo Philippe
Published: November 2022

Malgré des décennies de communication scientifique concernant le changement climatique, les régulations économiques pro-climat sont encore socialement peu acceptées. Les raisons restent largement débattues dans la littérature. Cet article passe en revue les mécanismes explicatifs mis en avant par les travaux empiriques et théoriques existants sur la transmission d’information climatique. En combinant les résultats empiriques aux mécanismes théoriques en place, nous soutenons que l’échec de la transmission de l’information découle naturellement du cadre stratégique dans lequel se trouvent plongés autorités scientifiques et citoyens.
Difficultés d’un système didactique à propos de l’enseignement du volume au primaire
Authors: Marchand Patricia , Guille-Biel Winder Claire , Theis Laurent , Assude Teresa
Published: November 2022

Our work studies didactic systems including the main didactic system, essentially the classroom, and the auxiliary didactic system which is peripheral to the former. Through a case study, this paper deals with the difficulties of the didactic system encountered when setting up an aid session prior to the resolution of a volume problem. This type of aid session having proved worthy in the context of previous research, has led us to study the difficulties encountered during its implementation. Three difficulties emerged from this study : those related to the teaching project, to the choice of didactic material and to the concept of volume itself. These difficulties had consequences, mainly, on the mesogenetic function of the didactic system, but also, systemically, on the other functions.
Conception d’une plateforme d’apprentissage en ligne en algèbre et en géométrie : prise en compte et apports de modèles didactiques
Authors: Jolivet Sébastien , Lesnes-Cuisiniez Elann , Grugeon-Allys Brigitte
Published: November 2022

This article presents the design of a theoretical and methodological framework for the didactic design of a learning environment: a learning platform in mathematics for cycle 4 students (aged 12 to 15). We cross several approaches to build didactic models and their computer representation: a model of the knowledge involved in the platform, a model of the learner's reasoning, and a model of learning paths adapted to the student's learning needs. We illustrate this approach on two themes from two mathematical domains, the solving of first-degree equations in algebra and the construction of triangles in geometry.
La substitution, points de vue écologique et sémiolinguistique
Authors: Constantin Céline
Published: November 2022

The work presented here focuses on the semiolinguistic dimension of elementary algebra knowledge and on a particular object of knowledge: substitution. Analyses of textbooks and teaching practices have led us to postulate that this knowledge is part of what Margolinas and Laparra call transparent knowledge for the teacher. From an ecological questioning, we seek to determine the conditions, constraints, but also the potentialities to consider such an object of knowledge for the teaching of elementary algebra. To do this, we rely on a double epistemological and didactic analysis before addressing the results of an experiment conducted in a middle school class.
A Survey of the Different Intelligent Algorithms for the VLSI-Based Design Flows for Various Embedded Applications in Electronics Engineering
Authors: Manjunath T.C. , P. Deekshitha , G. Pavithra , Sree M. Sindhu , V.K. Suhasini , Vijaykumar K.N.
Published: November 2022

The AI/ML applications and techniques that could be applied in VLSI design technology are briefly reviewed in this study. The integrated circuit (IC) industry will undoubtedly face challenges in the nano-meter regime related to the research and development of methods that could reduce design complexity brought on by increasing process variability and reducing the turnaround time of chip manufacture. The majority of the traditional methods utilized for these tasks involve manual labor, which requires time and resources. Contrarily, the unique learning strategies of artificial intelligence enable the design and testing of very large-scale integration (VLSI) to benefit from several innovative automated ways (AI). Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) algorithms use automated learning algorithms to reduce the time and effort needed to interpret and process data within and across different abstraction levels, enhancing IC yield and accelerating manufacturing turnaround. This article examines the formerly employed automated AI/ML methods for VLSI design and manufacture. The project that is the subject of this paper is a P.G. (M.Tech) student's technical seminar report, which is a component of the seminar that each student must deliver on any topic during the second semester of the PG program.
INFLUENCE OF CREDIT REFERENCING ON LOAN PERFORMANCE IN THE KENYAN BANKING SECTOR
Authors: Muigai Robert Gitau , Mwangi Gideon
Published: November 2022

Despite the decade-long existence of Credit Reference Bureaus in Kenya, lenders continue to grapple with a high prevalence of non-performing loans. However, available studies associate credit referencing with a reduction in bad loans among financial institutions. This is however doubtful considering the consistent rise in non-performing loans within the banking sector over the same period. It is this contrast that has motivated a follow-up study to establish an accurate empirical position. The study sought to investigate how credit referencing influences loan performance among Kenyan lenders. The study was anchored upon the Information asymmetry theory. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design and targeted 39 commercial banks and 14 registered microfinance banks operating in Kenya as of 31st December 2020. The study selected 21 commercial banks using a stratified sampling plan based on the 3 tiers as defined by the Central Bank of Kenya. It also included four microfinance banks. Structured questionnaires were used to collect primary data on the independent variable and a data collection sheet was used to collect secondary data on the dependent variable over a 10-year period. Respondents comprised the branch managers and credit officers. Both descriptive and inferential statistical analysis techniques were employed to obtain the findings of the study. The findings of the study showed that all the credit referencing parameters were negatively but insignificantly related to loan performance among Kenyan lenders. Consequently, the study recommended that the management of the banking institutions should pay close attention to the adverse credit information relating to borrowers. Further, banking institutions should operationalize a differentiated credit pricing model as a mechanism to reward borrowers with good credit history. The Central Bank of Kenya should also strengthen the banking supervision function so as to negate the growing trend in non-performing loans among the lenders by instituting appropriate sanctions.

JEL: O15; J24; L20

 

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