bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Portable Spectroscopy for Food Safety and Adulteration Screening
Authors: Joshua Moskowitz  , Betsy Jean Yakes
Published: April 2023

In this review we discuss various applications of portable vibrational spectroscopy in food adulteration analyses and authentication confirmation. These applications generally involve the adulteration of a food product with materials which may be of lesser monetary value and may also be detrimental to human health. Portable spectroscopic testing for food authentication opens potential for rapid and on-site analyses of food products at various stages in the food production chain. These portable techniques also require the development of data analysis methods for each individual application, which will also be discussed in this review. Specific food safety applications for portable spectroscopy to be discussed include adulteration detection and evaluation of authenticity. Adulteration detection examples focus on the commonly adulterated milk powder and spice commodities, as well as the potential for component substitution (e.g., artificial sweeteners). For authentication, examples from marine oil dietary supplements, olive oils, honeys, coffees, and grains are presented along with examples of speciation (e.g. fish) and growth conditions (bell peppers).
Aflatoxin risk management in Texas: test kit approval for maize
Authors: Dai Susie , Lee Kyung-Min , Li Wei , Balthrop Jim , Herrman Timothy
Published: April 2023

Five commercially available quantitative test kits were evaluated for their capability to measure naturally contaminated maize samples at 59 µg/kg, 306 µg/kg, and 901 µg/kg aflatoxin levels. The aflatoxin contaminated maize samples, collected during the 2010 Texas corn harvest, were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) following Association of Analytical Communities (AOAC) official method 2005.08.  Five aflatoxin quantitative test kits approved for measuring aflatoxin contaminated maize containing <100 mg/kg by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Grain Inspection Packers and Stockyard Administration (GIPSA) were evaluated by three analysts who analyzed seven 50 gram samples for each of the three sources of aflatoxin contaminated grain.  The relative difference between the HPLC measurements and test kit results were analyzed using an analysis of variance.  Significant two-way interactions were observed among the three explanatory variables including analysts, test kit, and aflatoxin level.  No significant main effect was observed for analyst.  All quantitative test kits performed within GIPSA prescribed performance criteria for the low and medium (59 µg/kg and 306 µg/kg) aflatoxin levels and were approved by the Texas State Chemist to measure aflatoxin contaminated maize as part of the Office of the Texas State Chemist’s (OTSC) aflatoxin risk management program.  One test kit failed to perform within extrapolated GIPSA criteria at the 901 µg/kg.
Building an Integrated Laboratory System to Advance the Safety of Food and Animal Feed
Authors: Akingbade Dare , Phillips Tom , Thiex Nancy , Klein Ron , Mangione Cynthia , Salfinger Yvonne , Shea Shari
Published: April 2023

The Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) provides the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) with  structures to achieve better public health protection and improve the food safety system. The Partnership for Food Protection (PFP) was created to ensure collaboration among federal, state and local entities and to formulate standards that can be used nationally to ensure uniformity of inspection and laboratory procedures and expand foodborne outbreak response capacity. The national standards together with laboratory accreditation are expected to allow the seamless use of laboratories analytical data across federal, state and local jurisdictions in response to outbreaks and the rapid acceptance of such data for regulatory actions.In 2012, FDA funded three national organizations (Association of Public Health Laboratories, Association of Food and Drug Officials, and Association of American Feed Control Officials) to prepare government food and feed regulatory testing laboratories seeking to achieve, maintain, and enhance ISO/IEC 17025:2005 accreditation.  These associations strengthen multi-disciplinary laboratory collaboration, develop training and mentoring programs, improve direct electronic sharing of analytical data, and build a framework for unified laboratory response.  Their efforts will increase the number of accredited governmental food and feed testing laboratories within five years, thereby leading to a safer national food supply.
Device-independent and semi-device-independent entanglement certification in broadcast Bell scenarios
Authors: Boghiu Emanuel-Cristian , Hirsch Flavien , Lin Pei-Sheng , Quintino Marco Túlio , Bowles Joseph
Published: April 2023

It has recently been shown that by broadcasting the subsystems of a bipartite quantum state, one can activate Bell nonlocality and significantly improve noise tolerance bounds for device-independent entanglement certification. In this work we strengthen these results and explore new aspects of this phenomenon. First, we prove new results related to the activation of Bell nonlocality. We construct Bell inequalities tailored to the broadcast scenario, and show how broadcasting can lead to even stronger notions of Bell nonlocality activation. In particular, we exploit these ideas to show that bipartite states admitting a local hidden-variable model for general measurements can lead to genuine tripartite nonlocal correlations. We then study device-independent entanglement certification in the broadcast scenario, and show through semidefinite programming techniques that device-independent entanglement certification is possible for the two-qubit Werner state in essentially the entire range of entanglement. Finally, we extend the concept of EPR steering to the broadcast scenario, and present novel examples of activation of the two-qubit isotropic state. Our results pave the way for broadcast-based device-independent and semi-device-independent protocols.
Can We Identify the Theorem in Metaphysics 9, 1051a24-27 with Euclid’s Proposition 32? Geometric Deductions for the Discovery of Mathematical Knowledge
Authors: Ortiz Delgado Francisco Miguel
Published: April 2023

This paper has two specific goals. The first is to demonstrate that the theorem in Metaphysics Θ 9, 1051a24-27 is not equivalent to Euclid’s Proposition 32 of book I (which contradicts some Aristotelian commentators, such as W. D. Ross, J. L. Heiberg, and T. L. Heith). Agreeing with Henry Mendell’s analysis, I argue that the two theorems are not equivalent, but I offer different reasons for such divergence: I propose a pedagogical-philosophical reason for the Aristotelian theorem being shorter than the Euclidean one (and the previous Aristotelian versions). Aristotle wants to emphasize the deductive procedure as a satisfactory method to discover scientific knowledge. The second objective, opposing some consensus about geometrical deductions/theorems in Aristotle, is to briefly propose that the theorem, exactly as we found it in Metaphysics and without any emendation to the text (therefore opposing Henry Mendell’s suggested amendments), allows the ancient philosopher to demonstrate that universal mathematical knowledge is in potence in geometrical figures. This tentatively proves that Aristotle emphasizes that geometrical deduction is sufficient to actualize mathematical knowledge.
Application of soft computing techniques to estimate the scouring depth formed by crossing jets
Authors: Mirzaee Reza , Mohammadi Mirali , Mousavi Sayed-Farhad , Bagherzadeh Mohammad , Hosseini Khosrow
Published: April 2023

The scouring depth caused by the water jet outputs from a dam is one of the crucial parameters for design purposes. Due to the importance of the subject, several laboratory studies have been conducted to understand this subject. Nevertheless, using soft computing techniques is a new attitude for modeling and predicting the natural process parameters. Herein, the types of soft computing techniques for estimating the scouring depth of a plunge pool caused by the symmetrical crossing jets have been explored. The parameters involved in the scouring phenomenon are densimetric Froude number, tailwater depth, vertical jet angle, horizontal crossing angles, and the distance between the crossing points of two jets and the water level. The prediction results show that the Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) model gives the best performance among the other models tested here. The Pearson correlation coefficient, root mean square error, and normalized root mean square error for the MLP model were 0.9527, 0.9039, and 19.36% for the test phase, respectively. Furthermore, based on the sensitivity analysis, the parameters, for instance, tailwater depth and vertical jet angle have the highest and lowest effects for predicting the scouring depth of a plunge pool, respectively.
Sobre la ley natural en Santo Tomás de Aquino
Authors: Fattah Javier
Published: April 2023

El presente trabajo pretende evidenciar algunos de los elementos centrales de la ley natural a la luz del pensamiento de Santo Tomás. Al plantear la existencia de una ley natural, nuestro autor tiende a establecer distinciones en el modo que esta ópera en los seres creados, siendo una diferencia sustancial la distinción entre seres racionales e irracionales. Inevitablemente, la ley natural trae consecuencias prácticas, en el sentido que esta, por lo menos dentro del pensamiento de Santo Tomás, suele derivar en normas de carácter ético, de ahí que sea posible considerar que la ley natural tiene cierta orientación de carácter práctico, aunque debemos notar que en el caso particular del hombre y a pesar de que se encuentra “sometido” a estas orientaciones este tiene la posibilidad de negar sus inclinaciones, producto tanto de su naturaleza racional como de su libertad, no obstante, negar la ley natural lo llevaría a actuar contra su propia naturaleza.
El cuerpo meta-físico (vs. el zoológico de los cuerpos)
Authors: Molteni Agostino
Published: April 2023

Han intentado siempre hacernos vivir en un zoológico de cuerpos sin pensamiento, en una filosofía de la miseria del cuerpo que ha terminado siendo una miseria de filosofía del cuerpo. Hay que volver a pensar la ley de movimiento del cuerpo, puesto que no tiene - felizmente- leyes naturales, instintos predeterminados, animales. Es más, hay que volver a pensar cómo construir el cuerpo según un método, es decir, por medio de la relación con otros cuerpos pensados y pensantes. Finalmente, habitando el cuerpo podemos habitar el mundo, engendrar un universo de cuerpos pensados y pensantes.
Impact of Benzimidazole Containing Scaffolds as Anticancer Agents
through Diverse Modes of Action
Authors: Sharma Shikha , Gupta Muskan , Gupta Mukesh , Sahu Jagdish K.
Published: April 2023

Background:

Cancer has turned into a health issue that requires the most rapid attention.
Because of the disease's global reach and the high number of deaths it causes, research and development of novel anticancer treatments that are both effective and have fewer adverse effects are crucial. According to a 2015 survey by the World Health Organization (WHO), cancer kills 8.8 million people each year, accounting for 60% of all fatalities. Effective anticancer medicines are currently being developed and in this concern, Benzimidazole-based scaffolds have played an important role.

Objective:

Because of its wide variety of biological properties and the widespread usage of benzimidazole as a potent anticancer agent, this study emphasizes the importance of this moiety as an anticancer agent.

Results:

The benzimidazole ring structure has a wide range of pharmacological activity in a number of drugs used to treat diseases such as hypertension, malaria, cancer, microbial diseases, inflammatory disorders, and more. Furthermore, this fused heterocycle benzimidazole core may interact with various anions and cations, as well as biomolecules, in the human body, resulting in a wide range of biological activities such as antineoplastic, antibacterial and antifungal, anti-inflammatory and analgesic, antihypertensive, antiviral, and antidepressant.

Conclusion:

The focus of this review is on recent advances in drug design and development, as well as benzimidazole derivatives and how they work on various sites of action.
Advancements in Nanopore Technology for Virus Detection
Authors: Che Yiheng , Li Zhenhua , Xie Sijia , Chen Chang
Published: April 2023

Background:

The spread of infectious diseases caused by viruses is always a global
concern to public health. Developing affordable, accurate, fast and effective technologies for virus
detection is crucial in reducing virus transmission. A nanopore is a sensor that can identify target
molecules at a single molecule level, often used for genome sequencing and early disease detection.
Nanopores are classified in two types: biological nanopores, ideal for detecting viral nucleic
acid sequences, and solid-state nanopores primarily used to detect viral particles.

Methods:

In this review, we first provide a brief overview of the properties and fundamental principles
of these two types of the nanopore. Then, we focus on the application of nanopores in viral
nucleic acid sequencing and the quantitative detection of viral nanoparticles. Additionally, we
discuss new strategies combining nanopore sensors with other technologies, which greatly improve
the sensing performance.

Results:

A literature review on the application of nanopores in controlling viral epidemics is provided.
The pros and cons of biological nanopores and solid-state nanopores are summarized, respectively,
and the opportunities of integrating novel technologies with nanopore sensors to enhance
the latter are addressed in this paper.

Conclusion:

Owing to significant advancements in nanotechnology and integration with other
technologies such as machine learning, nanopore sensors are becoming widely applied in virusesrelated
analysis. In the long term, nanopore sensors are expected to play an important role in the
field of virus detection and analysis.
KRAS Pathways: A Potential Gateway for Cancer Therapeutics and
Diagnostics
Authors: Tripathi Pankaj Kumar , Mittal Khushi R. , Jain Nandini , Sharma Naveen , Jain Chakresh Kumar
Published: April 2023

One of the major disturbing pathways within cancer is “The Kirsten rat sarcoma viral
oncogene homolog (KRAS) pathway”, and it has recently been demonstrated to be the most crucial
in therapies and diagnostics. KRAS pathway includes numerous genes. This multi-component
signaling system promotes cell growth, division, survival, and death by transferring signals from
outside the cell to its interior. KRAS regulates the activation of a variety of signaling molecules.
The KRAS oncogene is a key player in advancing a wide range of malignancies, and the mutation
rank of this gene is a key feature of several tumors. For some malignancies, the mutation type of
the gene may offer information about prognostic, clinical, and predictive. KRAS belongs to the
RAS oncogene family, which consists of a compilation of minor GTP-binding proteins that assimilate
environmental inputs and trigger internal signaling pathways that control survival, cell differentiation,
and proliferation. This review aims to examine the recent and fascinating breakthroughs
in the identification of new therapies that target KRAS, including the ever-expanding experimental
approaches for reducing KRAS activity and signaling as well as direct targeting of KRAS. A literature
survey was performed. All the relevant articles and patents related to the KRAS pathway, the
mutation in the KRAS gene, cancer treatment, and diagnostics were found on PubMed and Google
Patents. One of the most prevalent causes of cancer in humans is a mutation in the K-RAS protein.
It is extremely difficult to decipher KRAS-mediated signaling. It allows transducing signals to go
from the cell's outer surface to its nucleus, having an influence on a variety of crucial cellular
functions including cell chemotaxis, division, dissemination, and cell death. Other involved signaling
pathways are RAF, and the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase also known as AKT. The EGFR
pathway is incomplete without KRAS. The activation of PI3K significantly contributes to acquiring
resistance to a mixture of MEK inhibitors and anti-EGFR in colorectal cancer cell lines which
are mutated by KRAS. A series of recent patent studies towards cancer diagnostics and therapeutics
reveals the paramount importance of mutated protein KRAS as an extensive driver in human
tumors. For the prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment of colorectal cancer, KRAS plays a critical
role. This review concludes the latest and vowing developments in the discovery of novel techniques
for diagnosis and drugs that target KRAS, the advancements in experimental techniques for
signaling and inhibiting KRAS function, and the direct targeting of KRAS for cancer therapeutics.
Evaluation of Vitamin D3 in Thyroid Disorder Iraqi Women (Hypothyroidism with and without Metabolic Syndrome)
Authors: Hasan Bohan Alyaa , Thair Tahir Noor , Kareem Hashim Rasha , Hasan Bohan Hiba
Published: April 2023

This study was designed to evaluate vitamin D3 and metabolic hormones in hypothyroidism with metabolic syndrome and hypothyroidism without metabolic syndrome. Sixty patients with hypothyroidism were divided into three groups, 30 with hypothyroidism with metabolic syndrome, 30 with hypothyroidism without metabolic syndrome, and 30 with healthy controls compared with the patients. There was a significant increase in tetraiodothyronine, free thyronine and a very significant increase in thyroid stimulating hormone in women with hypothyroidism with metabolic syndrome compared to women with hypothyroidism without metabolic syndrome. A significant increase in systolic blood pressure, body mass index, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, insulin resistance, high-density lipoproteins, triglycerides and vitamin D3 in women with hypothyroidism with metabolic syndrome compared to women with hypothyroidism without metabolic syndrome. It can be concluded that a deficiency in the vitamin D level in the body negatively affects the various functions of the immune system, which increases the likelihood of developing severe immune diseases attacking the thyroid gland in diabetic women with metabolic syndrome.

Keywords: Hypothyroidism, Metabolic Syndrome, Vitamin D3, Insulin Resistance
Exploring the Potential of a Behavior Theory–Informed Digital Intervention for Infant Fall Prevention: Mixed Methods Longitudinal Study (Preprint)
Authors: Cooray Nipuna , Ho Catherine , Bestman Amy , Adams Susan , Nassar Natasha , Keay Lisa , Brown Julie
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

Falls are the most common hospitalized injury mechanism in children aged ≤1 years, and currently, there are no targeted prevention interventions. The prevention of falls in children of this age requires changes in the behavior of their caregivers, and theoretically informed digital behavior change interventions (DBCIs) may provide a unique mechanism for achieving effective intervention. However, user acceptance and the ability of DBCIs to effect the required changes in behavior are critical to their likelihood of success.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate a behavior theory–informed digital intervention developed following a user-centered approach for user experience, the potential for this intervention to prevent infant falls, and its impact on behavioral drivers underpinning fall risk in young children.

METHODS

Parents of infants aged <1 year were recruited and asked to use the intervention for 3 months. A pre-post longitudinal design was used to examine the change in the potential to reduce the risk of falls after a 3-month exposure to the intervention. Postintervention data on behavioral drivers for fall prevention, user acceptability, and engagement with the app were also collected. Interviews were conducted to explore user experiences and identify areas for further improvement of the intervention.

RESULTS

A total of 62 parents participated in the study. A statistically significant effect on the potential to reduce falls was observed after the intervention. This effect was higher for new parents. Parents agreed that the intervention targeted most of the target behavior drivers. The impact of behavior drivers and intervention on the potential for fall prevention had a positive correlation. The intervention demonstrated good levels of acceptability. Feedback from participants was mostly positive, and the primary area identified for further improvement was widening the scope of the intervention.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrated the promise of a newly developed digital intervention to reduce the risk of infant falls, particularly among new parents. It also showed a positive influence of the DBCI on the drivers of parental behaviors that are important for fall reduction among infants. The acceptability of the app was high, and important insights were gained from users about how to further improve the app.
Literature Review on the Foreign Policy of China
Authors: Wang Kun
Published: April 2023

This literature review offers a comprehensive synthesis of existing research on China’s foreign policy, identifying the driving factors, strategic objectives, and implications for the global order. The analysis begins with how China’s foreign policy is formulated and is divided into core, middle-range, and long-range and then delves into theoretical frameworks, including realism, constructivism, and liberalism. Also, this paper will highlight in this literature review how a leader’s choice, national compromise, and the system pressure deeply influence the foreign policy of China. The strategic objectives of China’s politics, military, and diplomatic initiatives, along with the role of leadership in maintaining world peace, diplomatic influence, and foreign aid, are also examined. The review concludes with an assessment of the implications of China’s rise for regional stability, international order, and power dynamics among major players. By critically evaluating the literature, this review provides valuable insights for policymakers, academics, and practitioners seeking to understand China’s growing influence on the global stage.
Exploration and Practice of the Course Construction and Ideological, Political Reform of Architectural Construction in the Context of “‘Sanquan Education’ strategy” in subject of Architecture
Authors: Liu Qian , Chen Liangxu , He You
Published: April 2023

In the context of “‘Sanquan Education’ strategy”, Carrying out curriculum construction and ideological and political reform is an important way to realize the cultivation of talents in applied colleges. It is conducive to strengthening the ideals and beliefs of college students in Civics and realizing the innovation of teaching contents and methods. Through the construction and reform of the course “Building Construction”, students’ professional practice ability has been improved and their learning motivation has been increased.
TO ANALYZE THE TB-PCR POSITIVITY RATE USING REAL-TIME PCR FOR EARLY DETECTION OF TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: SAWANT DEEPAK , CD LOKHANDE , RK SHARMA , RA CHOUGULE
Published: April 2023

Objective: Tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. It is present in all the countries and among all age groups and also seen in both the genders. In investigating the early stage, identification, and rapid detection of tuberculosis, the PCR method (polymerase chain reaction) is one of the fast, safest, and reproducible new approaches. It covers all advantages such as the use of closed systems, reduced risk of carryover contamination, improved sensitivity and reproducibility, reduced turnaround time wide dynamic range of target detection, and feasibility for quantitation making it easy and reliable for the early detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Methods: All samples used for the study are confirmed by conventional microscopic observation using acid-fast staining using ZN STAIN. The pulmonary sputum samples are obtained from clinical and radiological evidence of tuberculosis and these samples are selected for DNA extraction.
Discussion: As per the statistical analysis using SPSS 22 version, it is found that the TB positivity rate (is 29.75%). Out of 119 positive patients (Male: 60.5% and Female: 39.5%). The average and standard deviation for CT values are 23.6 and 2.9, respectively. The 95% confidence interval of CT values for specimens is (22.7, 24.5). Average and standard deviation for CT values are equal in male patients and female patients. Age group-wise average and standard deviation for CT values are nearly equal.
Results: The percentage of 3+ AFB positive grades having CT values between 20 and 24 is more than all other combinations of AFB positive grades and CT values. The average and standard deviation for CT values are 23.6 and 2.9, respectively. The 95% confidence interval of CT values for specimens is (22.7, 24.5). The average and standard deviation for CT values are equal in male patients and female patients.
Conclusion: A significant improvement in specificity with high accuracy was achieved by a real-time PCR assay. Real-time PCR tests prove both a high degree of sensitivity in the upper respiratory sputum samples and for the early detection of the TB infection. The MTB real-time PCR test suitably identified the majority of the AFB positive and bacterial culture confirms TB.
EFFECTS OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF PURIFIED CURCUMA LONGA ON MOTOR PERFORMANCE IN MICE
Authors: SHARMA ASHISH , SHARMA ARNAV
Published: April 2023

Objective: This study was performed to see the effects of aqueous extract of purified Curcuma longa (CL) on motor performance of albino mice using rota test.
Methods: CL at 50mg/kg body weight (b.w.) (CL50), CL at 100 mg/kg b.w. (CL100), and CL at 200 mg/kg b.w. (CL200) with negative and positive controls were used. The experimental results were represented as mean±2 standard deviation, p was set at < 0.05. Statistical differences between the test drug and control groups as well as within the test drug groups were calculated using Mann–Whitney U-test.
Results: As compared to CL200, DW (distilled water 10 ml/kg p.o.) group fall off time was significantly less (p=0.004). Diazepam (5 mg/kg i.p.) group stayed for lesser time on the rotating rod than CL50, CL100, and CL200 groups (p=0.004). Fall off time in CL100 group was significantly lesser than CL 200 group (p=0.019).
Conclusion: This study showed that CL possesses motor performance increasing effects at 200 mg.
STUDY ON BACTERIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF WATER USED FOR DRINKING PURPOSE FROM WESTERN REGION OF UTTAR PRADESH
Authors: BHATT HITESH , Kiran Enugala Ravi , Madasu Kumar Raja
Published: April 2023

Objective: The objective of this study was to the bacteriological nature of drinking water from different dynamic sources of water used in the catchment region of a tertiary care teaching hospital.
Methods: Fifty water tests were performed for the review. Standard guidelines for drinking water quality appraisal were embraced. Culture and bacteriological trial of drinking water were preceded according to standard conventions. After assemblage of gathered information, examination was performed by statistical software.
Results: Out of 50 water tests gathered, 24 were viewed as inadmissible. Escherichia coli was viewed as liable for about a fourth of tests, while Pseudomonas in 1/5th of gathered examples. E. coli and Klebsiella tried positive with Methyl Red while Pseudomonas spp. what’s more, Klebsiella tried positive with Citrate test reagent. E. coli showed positive outcome with Indole reagent though Klebsiella tried positive with Urease. With respect to populace life forms, E. coli, Klebsiella Spp., and Pseudomonas Spp. were viewed as certain in one sample though Klebsiella Spp. furthermore, Pseudomonas Spp. was viewed as certain another one sample.
Conclusion: The review featured unsafe nature of water sources in the study region with respect to drinking water which is not good for utilization of water. Reconnaissance of water sources and normal bacteriological evaluation of all water hotspots for drinking is suggested on regular basis.
DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF CATARACT PATIENTS ATTENDING TERTIARY CARE EYE HOSPITAL – A CLINICAL STUDY
Authors: Rao Attada Tarakeswara , Santhosha Nikhila Reddi , Manasa Challakonda Lalitha
Published: April 2023

Objectives: The aim of the study was to review demographic characteristics and comorbid systemic disorders in cataract patients attending tertiary care eye hospital.
Methods: A hospital-based and prospective study was conducted on 2024 cataract patients attending tertiary care eye hospital from January 2022 to August 2022. All patients were subjected to detailed history taking and ocular examination. Age, gender, and comorbid systemic diseases were recorded.
Results: A total of 2024 patients were included in the study. Of which 1226 (60.5%) were females while 798 (39.5%) were males. Seven hundred and forty-nine patients (37%) were found to be between 51 and 60 years of age followed by 589 patients (29.1%) were found between 61 and 70 years. Among 2024 patients with cataracts, 687 (33.9%) were found to have comorbidities. About 64.6% were females and 35.4% were males among the patients with comorbidities. Hypertension was the most common systemic comorbidity (371 patients-54%) followed by diabetes mellitus (200 patients – 29.1%).
Conclusion: An increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases necessitates a thorough screening before cataract surgery to ensure fitness of the patients for cataract surgery. The presence of systemic comorbidity increase the number of investigations needed for fitness of the patient for cataract surgery, also it can cause intra operative complication and may affect surgical outcome. This suggests that debilitating comorbidities also play a role in patients not getting their cataracts operated timely as they are engrossed with more life-threatening issues. Ophthalmologist has to identify the coexisting systemic diseases and they should be adequately controlled before surgery to avoid intraoperative and post-operative complications and to achieve better quality of life for patients.
COMPARISON OF TWO DIFFERENT DOSES OF HYPERBARIC BUPIVACAINE IN SEGMENTAL SPINAL ANESTHESIA FOR LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY
Authors: BHALAVI MONA , SHAKYA MANJU LATA , DANDOTIYA DILEEP
Published: April 2023

Objective: Thoracic segmental anesthesia, as opposed to general anesthesia (GA), is increasingly preferred by anesthesiologists for laparoscopic cholecystectomy in both sick and healthy patients because it provides favorable operating conditions, a faster block time, and better hemodynamic stability. This study compared the efficacy of two different dosages of hyperbaric bupivacaine administered during segmental spinal anesthesia.
Methods: In the current study, 54 American society of anesthesiologists Grade 1 and two patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly assigned to either Group A, which used 1.5 mL of hyperbaric bupivacaine mixed with 0.5 mL of fentanyl, or Group B, which used 2 mL of hyperbaric bupivacaine mixed with 0.5 mL of fentanyl. Primary objectives were to determine the onset and duration of the sensory and motor block, as well as height of sensory block. Determining the hemodynamic factors and complications were the secondary objectives. The mean, standard deviation, independent t test, Chi-square test, and p-value were used to calculate the data. p<0.05 was regarded as significant. Only some drugs were routinely given to the patient to manage their anxiety, discomfort, shoulder tip pain, etc., before, during, or after operation.
Results: Onset of analgesia occurred in 2.5 min for Group A and 2.2 min for Group B. The sensory and motor blocks in Group B lasted longer than in Group A, but the differences were not statistically significant. No patients in either group reported any neurological complications, and there were no discernible differences between the two groups’ hemodynamic and respiratory dysfunctions. Despite some patients experiencing minor discomfort that was easily controlled by midazolam and ketamine in small doses, none of them required the conversion to GA. In two instances, Mephentermine was required to treat hypotension. In every patient, recovery went without a side effect.
Conclusion: According to this preliminary study, laparoscopic surgery on healthy people can be performed with segmental spinal anesthesia using low doses of bupivacaine that is just as effective as high doses and present fewer complications.
ASSESMENT OF DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF ULTRASONOGRAPGY-ASSISTED FINE-NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY IN OVARIAN MASS LESIONS
Authors: MAHALE RAVIKANT , KORI ARCHANA , UJJALIYA MAYANK KUMAR , NARREY NIDHI , SHRIVASTAVA VIJAY , AHARWAL SUSHMA
Published: April 2023

Objectives: Ultrasonography (USG)-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of ovarian lumps is being increasingly used for the successful diagnosis of ovarian mass lesions and it is a rapid, accurate, economical, and safe procedure to diagnose various ovarian mass lesions. The aims of the study were to categorize and study the cytomorphological features of the ovarian mass lesions, study the age distribution and analyzing cytological features of the ovarian mass lesions, and to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of USG-guided FNAC in diagnosing ovarian mass lesions.
Methods: A prospective observational study of 24 patients with clinically and radiologically diagnosed ovarian mass lesions and referred for FNAC in Department of Pathology of a tertiary care hospital. USG-guided FNAC was performed in each patient and cytological features were analyzed.
Results: In our study, out of total 24 USG-guided FNAC of ovarian lesions, ovarian malignancies were most common – 11 cases (45.83%), followed by benign ovarian tumors – ten cases (41.66%), inflammatory lesion – one case (4.16%), and two cases (8.33%) were unsatisfactory smears. In our study, diagnostic accuracy of USG-guided FNAC was found to be 91.66%.
Conclusion: USG-guided FNAC is a simple, safe, quick, reliable, efficient, and easily available diagnostic procedure and with less number of complications that it has a very important role in accurate diagnosis of ovarian mass lesions. It is a safer alternative to the more expensive and time consuming surgical procedure like diagnostic laparotomy.
EVALUATION OF CLINICAL, ETIOLOGICAL AND EEG PROFILE OF NEONATAL SEIZURE
Authors: SARAL SWATI , PATEL DEEPAK KUMAR , AGRAWAL ROOPA , RAJPOOT SURJEET SINGH
Published: April 2023

Background: Neonatal seizure is a paroxysmal behavior caused by hyper-synchronous discharge of a group of neurons. Neonatal seizures are the most common overt manifestation of neurological dysfunction in the newborn. The electroencephalography (EEG) is an important tool in the evaluation of an infant with symptoms referable to the central nervous system. It provides an excellent and non-invasive method of assessing at risk newborns and of formulating a prognosis for long-term neurological outcome. Hence, this study was planned to evaluate clinical, etiological, and EEG profile of neonatal seizure and its corelation with developmental outcome.
Methods: Prospective observational study was done among 71 cases of neonatal seizures patients admitted in Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Medical College hospital from November 2014 to October 2015. All consecutive term and preterm neonates with documented seizure who were discharge from neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) with proper consent and counseling of parents were included in this study.
Results: Total 71 newborns were enrolled, out of them 21% (n=15) were admitted within 24 h of birth, 42% (n=30) were admitted within 24–72 h, and 37% (n=26) newborn admitted at >72 h of birth. Total number of male included were 56% (n=40), while female were 44% (n=31). Out of 71 newborn, 60 newborn (84%) had subtle seizure, 4 (6%) had tonic seizures, 2 (3%) clonic seizure, and 5 (7%) had subtle with clonic seizure. In our study, most common causes of seizure were birth asphyxia 50% (n=36), meningitis 15% (n=11), and hypoglycemia 13% (n=9). Other common cause are hypocalcemia 8.5% (n=6), kernicterus 2.8% (n=2), and intraventricular hemorrhage 1.5% (n=1).
Conclusion: In our study, we have found that preterm babies appear to have adverse neurodevelopmental outcome due to any brain insult occurred during neonatal period. Onset of seizure was found to be important predicting factor for developmental outcome. Frequency of seizure also has impact on developmental outcome, newborns who have single episode of seizure had good developmental outcome.
A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ON CORRELATION BETWEEN SERUM URIC ACID LEVEL AND CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN PATIENTS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES
Authors: RAJPOOT SURJEET SINGH , GUPTA RUPESH KUMAR , AGARWAL GAURAV , SARAL SWATI
Published: April 2023

Objective: The objective of the study was to assess correlation between uric acid (UA) level and carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients.
Methods: The study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, SMS Medical College and Attached Hospital, among adults with type 2 DM. It was cross-sectional study conducted from April 1, 2019, to December 31, 2020. Sample size is calculated 60 patients of Type 2 DM. As per previous study show correlation coefficient between serum UA (SUA) level and CIMT (r=0.779)52 (For 90% power and 1% α error). CIMT and carotid artery plaques were measured through Doppler ultrasound. The thickness was measured at 1 cm proximal to the dilatation of the carotid bulb. The mean of maximum IMT of both the common carotid artery is taken as the average CIMT.
Results: Most patients (60%) were diabetics since 5 years and nearly 30% had diabetes since 5–15 years while only 10% had diabetes since more than 15 years. Mean duration of diabetes was 6.91±5.88 years. Two thirds of diabetic individuals (67%) had HDL cholesterol level above 40 mg/dL. About 42% of diabetic individuals had triglyceride level <150 mg/dL and 5% of diabetic individuals had LDL cholesterol level <100 mg/dL. Mean HDL cholesterol, Triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol were 47.4±15.49 mg/dL, 153.78±81.56 mg/dL, and 92.33±57.28 mg/dL, respectively. Mean bilirubin and serum creatinine in study population were 0.65±0.48 mg/dL and 0.96±0.18 mg/dL, respectively. Mean CRP was 3.95±2.40 mg/L. Mean SUA level in study population was 5.78±2.18 mg/dL. Mean of average CIMT was found to be 8.0±1.16 mm. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and UA had negative weak linear correlation which was statistically significant. HbA1c and average CIMT had no or week negative correlation which was not statistically significant and SUA and average CIMT showed positive moderate linear correlation which was statistically significant.
Conclusion: Carotid atherosclerosis as measured by IMT is associated with SUA levels in patients with type 2 DM. In type 2 DM patients, HbA1C is negatively correlated with UA while HbA1C has no correlation with CIMT.
A Corpus-based Multi-dimensional Analysis on Chinese and US Corporate Responsibility Reports: A Case Study of HUAWEI and Apple
Authors: Shi Yifan
Published: April 2023

The discourse of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) report can predict the performance of CSR. Research on the CSR report of international well-known companies can provide reference and encouragement for others listed companies. Based on the multi-dimensional analysis method of Biber, this study investigates the linguistic features of the CSR report discourse of Huawei and Apple. This study makes a comparative analysis of the CSR discourse from the two firms, to explore the differences in discourse functional dimensions between Chinese and American corporate CSR reports. This study finds that, on the one hand, there are differences between Chinese and American CSR reports in dimensions of Involved versus Informational Production, Explicit versus Situation-dependent Reference, and Abstract versus Non-abstract Information. Compared with Apple’s CSR reports, Huawei’s CSR reports are more informative and explicit, but less interactive and abstract. On the other hand, there is no significant difference between Huawei’s and Apple’s CSR reports in Narrative versus Non-narrative Concerns and Overt Expression of Persuasion dimensions, indicating that CSR reports are less narrative and persuasive in both Chinese and American firms. This study has implications for improving the quality of Chinese enterprises’ CSR reports and enlightenment value for corporations to improve social responsibility performance.
LoRa Based Ship Man Overboard Rescue System Integrated Long Distance Wireless Communication
Authors: Bino Mr. J. , K Mohammed Maaz , S Madhavan
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Man overboard is an exclamationgiven onboard when a crew member or apassenger falls off the ship into the water and needs immediate rescue. Man overboard is a situation wherein a ship’s crew member falls into the sea from the ship, no matter where the ship issailing, on open seas or in still waters in port. A seafarer has to be very careful while performing their duties on board a vessel as it can never be taken for granted that a person cannot fall offthe ship due to bad weather, swell in the sea,accidents, and negligence. A man overboard is anemergency situation, and it is essential to locate and recover the man overboard person as soon aspossible as due to bad weather or rough sea, the crew member can drown or else due to temperature of the cold water, the person can get hypothermia. Man overboard is an emergency situation, and the person overboard should berescued as soon as possible. It might become difficult to locate him in case of strong waves or bad weather. He could also drown or die of hypothermia if action is delayed. Therefore, the proposed system develops a system that will automatically trace the location of ship man. Thisproject utilizes long distance RF communication modules such as LoRa module which provide long distance communication in terms ofkilometres. The hardware component includes micro-controller, GPS, LoRa modules, etc. The LoRa modules can be fixed in the ships for tracking of the ship manwho will wear the wearable with lora transmitter and the rescueteam will be having the mobile app to track the person. As the ship man overboard, the location of the ship man is been transmitted to a LoRa receiver which is then transmitted to the mobile app developed for rescue team independently for tracking the ship man. The live location is sharedvia google map to the rescue team. Thus, thisproject will help us in tracking the ship man overboard in an easy and effective manner.
Intelligent Shopping Wheels
Authors: Brahmbhatt Dhwani , Barad Parthkumar , Kumari Ragini
Published: April 2023

Abstract: In this day and ages, supermarkets and big super malls are equipped with shopping baskets and trolleys to ease our shopping. The main aim here is to assist the customer in the shopping markets is to reduce the time while standing in the queue in the billing section and man power of the malls. Our goal is to enhance an intelligent shopping wheel with smart shopping components to resolve the problem. In this project we are building up modules where the consumer has to scan the items through barcode scanner which they are willing to purchase. Since, the wholesome process of billing is automated hence it will decrease the possibility of human error substantially.
Evaluating the Effects of Artificial Sweeteners on the Role of Food Priming in Food Consumption
Authors: Tollock Maria
Published: April 2023

Abstract: As a result of globalization and economic advancements, dietary habits have shifted towards increased energy intake and heightened consumption of energy-dense foods, which have contributed to the obesity epidemic and cardiovascular disease. [1] This increase in food intake has been furthered by numerous external stimuli in the form of advertising, which is focused on immediate pleasure and can be difficult to resist. [2] Such advertising plays the role of a food prime, or a cue that serves to induce food intake under tempting circumstances. [3] The effect of artificial sweeteners on the role of food priming in food consumption was evaluated by comparing Coca-Cola with Diet Coca-Cola consumption on M&M consumption in differently primed settings, as well as to observe the independent effects of these factors on food intake. Fifty-eight college students were recruited to participate in a two-week study in which they were assigned different combinations of beverages and commercials to analyze both the independent and dependent effects of both factors on food consumption. A significant positive association was observed between commercial type and food intake (p=0.03), while no significant association was recorded between the beverage type and food intake. Further research is needed to examine the relationship between the two factors on a significant level and determine the mechanism behind these findings.
“Experiment Analysis of Box Type Solar Cooker with and without Thermal Energy Storage Medium”
Authors: Mohan Anand , Agrawal Amit
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Energy plays a vital role for cooking purpose. This study is focused on the performance analysis of box type solar cooker at the climate conditions of Gwalior. Thermal energy storage materials provide better temperature and reducing cooking time as compared to without TES. In this thesis, two different types of TES material are used i.e. water and sand and the performance of solar cooker with TES and without TES are compared, the maxi mum temperature is attained by the solar cooker without TES was found 90.6oC when solar radiation was 1075 w/m2 while using sand and water as TES the maximum temperature was found 81.3°C and 69.4oC respectively when solar radiation was found very low 496 w/m2 and 365 w/m2 .It seems that where radiation is low and off-sunshine, TES material is used for attaining maximum temperature. The sand gains the temperature faster than the water but it needs to be moisture free. The advantage of using water is that even though there occurs a sudden fall in solar radiation, the water temperature remains the same for a long duration, which is not possible in case of cooker without thermal energy storage.
SERVQUAL METHOD ANALYSIS FOR GENERAL PATIENT HEALTH SERVICE SATISFACTION LEVEL
Authors: Dyna Monica Dyna Monica , Irianto  , Adi Mas Afandi
Published: April 2023

Puskesmas Pulo Bandring  is a functional implementing unit that functions as a center for health development. as a center for health services for the community, Puskesmas are required to always maintain patient trust, by improving the quality of their services. However, in reality in the field there is no system that can measure the level of satisfaction of health services at the Puskesmas Pulo Bandring. To overcome this problem, the researcher uses the Servqual Method, Service Quality is a method used to measure the service quality of the attributes of each dimension, so that the gap value will be obtained which is the difference between consumer perceptions of the services that have been received and expectations of what will be received. received. The data that was processed in this study was obtained by giving a chair containing 22 questions to 30 patients seeking treatment at the  Puskesmas Pulo Bandring. It was found that the satisfaction of patients seeking treatment at Puskesmas Pulo Bandring Public  seen from the 5 dimensions of the servqual had a reality value of 4.00 and an expected value of 4.62 so that there was a gap of -0.62. This gap occurs due to the non-fulfillment of patient expectations with the quality of services provided by the Puskesmas Pulo Bandring.

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Keywords: health services, servqual method, patients, puskesmas