bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CARD9 downregulation suppresses the growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma by regulating NF‐κB
Authors: Ye Li‐Jun , Zhou Xin‐Chun , Yin Xiao‐Jia , Shang Yu , Xiao Yue , Jiang Yu‐Ling , Wen Xin‐Xuan
Published: July 2019

Objective

To discover the expression pattern and potential underlying mechanism of the caspase recruitment domain‐containing protein 9 (CARD9) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Methods

Caspase recruitment domain‐containing protein 9 expression was detected by qRT‐PCR and Western blot in OSCC tissues and cells, and OSCC (CGHNC9 and OECM‐1) cell lines were divided into control, NC siRNA, and CARD9 siRNA groups. Then, MTT, flow cytometry, wound‐healing, and Transwell assays were carried out to determine the changes in cellular biological characteristics. Immunoblot assay was performed for the expressions of NF‐κB pathway. Finally, we constructed the xenograft models in nude mice to validate the in vivo effect of CARD9 siRNA on OSCC cell growth.

Results

Caspase recruitment domain‐containing protein 9 was upregulated in both OSCC tissues and cells, exhibiting a close relation with major clinicopathological features of OSCC patients. Transfection of CARD9 siRNA inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells with the enhanced cell apoptosis, and meanwhile, CARD9, p‐p65/p65, p‐IKKα/IKKα, and p‐IkBα/IkBα were downregulated. The tumor formation assay on nude mice also suggested that CARD9 siRNA might block the in vivo growth of OSCC cells.

Conclusion

Caspase recruitment domain‐containing protein 9 suppression results in the upregulation of NF‐κB pathway with suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC cells and facilitates the apoptosis.
Successful early sofosbuvir‐based antiviral treatment after transplantation of kidneys from HCV‐viremic donors into HCV‐negative recipients
Authors: Friebus‐Kardash Justa , Gäckler Anja , Kribben Andreas , Witzke Oliver , Wedemeyer Heiner , Treckmann Jürgen , Herzer Kerstin , Eisenberger Ute
Published: July 2019

Background

Transplanting kidneys from deceased donors with hepatitis C virus (HCV) viremia has been controversial for some time. Direct‐acting antiviral agents have been shown to be highly effective in treating HCV infection. We report our experience with transplanting kidneys from HCV‐positive donors with detectable viremia into HCV‐negative recipients, followed by early treatment with a sofosbuvir‐based antiviral regimen.

Methods

Data were collected from seven HCV‐negative recipients receiving kidneys from five deceased HCV‐viremic donors. Before transplantation, all intentional transplanted recipients had given informed consent regarding the acceptance of an HCV‐viremic kidney. Recipients were closely monitored after transplant with measurements of HCV viremia, liver and renal function, and trough levels of immunosuppressive drugs.

Results

Four donors were infected with HCV genotype 1; the other with HCV genotype 3a. HCV viremia was detectable in all seven renal transplant recipients within 3 days after transplant. After determination of HCV genotype, antiviral treatment with a sofosbuvir‐based regimen (sofosbuvir/ledipasvir, n = 4; sofosbuvir/velpatasvir, n = 3) was initiated within a median of 7 days after transplantation and was continued for 8 to 12 weeks. For all recipients, viral load was below the level of detection at the end of treatment, and all exhibited a sustained virologic response 12 weeks later. All recipients exhibited normal liver enzyme activity at the end of treatment. Renal allograft function and trough levels of tacrolimus remained stable.

Conclusions

Early administration of a sofosbuvir‐based regimen to HCV‐negative recipients of kidneys from HCV‐viremic donors is feasible and safe. The definition of an optimal therapeutic approach warrants further investigation.
Performance of Composite Membrane for Palm Oil Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Yuliwati E. , Porawati H. , Elfidiah Elfidiah , Melani A.
Published: July 2019

Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite membranes were prepared via phase inversion method by dispersing titanium dioxide (TiO2) in the dope solution. It is aimed to study the effects of TiO2 on the membrane surface properties and thus its separation performance. The PVDF membranes modified by various TiO2 contents were characterized with respect to cross-sectional structure, average pore size, effective porosity, hydrophilicity, permeability and rejection. Maximum values of membrane hydrophilicity, membrane porosity and average pore size were achieved upon addition of 1.95% TiO2. It is found that changes in the membrane surface properties are closely corresponded with the membrane fouling. The maximum flux and rejection of organic pollutants from palm oil wastewater were recorded at 82.5 L/m2 h and 98.8 %, respectively using PVDF composite membrane incorporated with 1.95% TiO2.
Repurposing of Ribavirin as an Adjunct Therapy against Invasive
Candida
Strains in an
In Vitro
Study
Authors: Yousfi Hanane , Cassagne Carole , Ranque Stéphane , Rolain Jean-Marc , Bittar Fadi
Published: July 2019

The use of antifungal agents in clinical settings is limited by the appearance of drug resistance and adverse side effects. There is, therefore, an urgent need to develop new drugs to strengthen the treatment of invasive fungal diseases. The aim of this study is to describe the potential repurposing of ribavirin as an adjunct therapy against
Candida
spp. Primary screening of a Prestwick Chemical library against
Candida albicans
ATCC 90028 and fluconazole-resistant
Candida albicans
strains was performed.
Rapid Identification of New Delhi Metallo-β-Lactamase (NDM) Using Tryptic Peptides and LC-MS/MS
Authors: Wang Honghui , Strich Jeffrey R. , Drake Steven K. , Chen Yong , Youn Jung-Ho , Rosenberg Avi Z. , Gucek Marjan , Dekker John P. , Suffredini Anthony F.
Published: July 2019

There is significant interest in the development of mass spectrometry (MS) methods for antimicrobial resistance protein detection, given the ability of these methods to confirm protein expression. In this work, we studied the performance of a liquid chromatography, tandem MS multiple-reaction monitoring (LC-MS/MS MRM) method for the direct detection of the New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) carbapenemase in clinical isolates.
Population Pharmacokinetic Study of Cefazolin Dosage Adaptation in Bacteremia and Infective Endocarditis Based on a Nomogram
Authors: Bellouard Ronan , Deschanvres Colin , Deslandes Guillaume , Dailly Éric , Asseray Nathalie , Jolliet Pascale , Boutoille David , Gaborit Benjamin , Grégoire Matthieu
Published: July 2019

Optimal dosing of continuous-infusion cefazolin can be challenging in patients being treated for bacteremia or infective endocarditis. The aim of this work is to describe and analyze the pharmacokinetics of cefazolin in those patients using a population pharmacokinetics modeling approach and to establish a nomogram to determine the optimal daily dose. Population pharmacokinetics were modeled using the Pmetrics package for R.
Genomics for Molecular Epidemiology and Detecting Transmission of Carbapenemase-Producing
Enterobacterales
in Victoria, Australia, 2012 to 2016
Authors: Sherry Norelle L. , Lane Courtney R. , Kwong Jason C. , Schultz Mark , Sait Michelle , Stevens Kerrie , Ballard Susan , Gonçalves da Silva Anders , Seemann Torsten , Gorrie Claire L. , Stinear Timothy P. , Williamson Deborah A. , Brett Judith , van Diemen Annaliese , Easton Marion , Howden Benjamin P.
Published: July 2019

Carbapenemase-producing
Enterobacterales
(CPE) are being increasingly reported in Australia, and integrated clinical and genomic surveillance is critical to effectively manage this threat. We sought to systematically characterize CPE in Victoria, Australia, from 2012 to 2016.
Essential Role of Human T Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1
orf-I
in Lethal Proliferation of CD4
+
Cells in Humanized Mice
Authors: Galli Veronica , Nixon Christopher C. , Strbo Natasa , Artesi Maria , de Castro-Amarante Maria F. , McKinnon Katherine , Fujikawa Dai , Omsland Maria , Washington-Parks Robyn , Romero Laura , Caruso Breanna , Durkin Keith , Brown Sophia , Karim Baktiar , Vaccari Monica , Jacobson Steve , Zack Jerome A. , Van den Broeke Anne , Pise-Masison Cynthia , Franchini Genoveffa
Published: July 2019

Humanized mice constitute a useful model for studying the HTLV-1-associated polyclonal proliferation of CD4
+
T cells and viral integration sites in the human genome. The rapid death of infected animals, however, appears to preclude the clonal selection typically observed in human ATLL, which normally develops in 2 to 5% of individuals infected with HTLV-1. Nevertheless, the expansion of multiple clones of low abundance in these humanized mice mirrors the early phase of HTLV-1 infection in humans, providing a useful model to investigate approaches to inhibit virus-induced CD4
+
T cell proliferation.
Endophytic Fungus Drives Nodulation and N
2
Fixation Attributable to Specific Root Exudates
Authors: Xie Xing-Guang , Zhang Feng-Min , Yang Teng , Chen Yan , Li Xiao-Gang , Dai Chuan-Chao
Published: July 2019

Endophytic fungi play an important role in balancing the ecosystem and boosting host growth; however, the underpinning mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we found that endophytic fungal colonization with
P. liquidambaris
significantly increased the productivity, nodulation, and N
2
fixation of peanuts through the secretion of specific root exudates. We provide a reasonable mechanism explaining how
P. liquidambaris
promotes peanut nodulation and N
2
fixation, whereby the specific root exudates produced by
P. liquidambaris
colonization decrease rhizosphere soil nitrate (NO3
−
) and increase the population and biological activities of peanut-nodulating-related
Bradyrhizobium
strains, which is beneficial to enhancing the peanut-
Bradyrhizobium
symbiotic interaction. Our study provides reliable empirical evidence to show the mechanism of how an exotic endophytic fungus drives an increase in nodulation and N
2
fixation, which will be helpful in erecting a resource-efficient and sustainable agricultural system.
Phylosymbiosis Impacts Adaptive Traits in
Nasonia
Wasps
Authors: van Opstal Edward J. , Bordenstein Seth R.
Published: July 2019

Phylosymbiosis is an ecoevolutionary hypothesis and emerging pattern in animal-microbiota studies whereby the host phylogenetic relationships parallel the community relationships of the host-associated microbiota. A central prediction of phylosymbiosis is that closely related hosts exhibit a lower microbiota beta diversity than distantly related hosts. While phylosymbiosis has emerged as a widespread trend in a field often challenged to find trends across systems, two critical and understudied questions are whether or not phylosymbiosis is consequential to host biology and if adaptive evolutionary forces underpin the pattern. Here, using germfree rearing in the phylosymbiosis model
Nasonia
, we demonstrate that early life exposure to heat-inactivated microbiota from more distantly related species poses more severe developmental and survival costs than microbiota from closely related or the same species. This study advances a functional understanding of the consequences and potential selective pressures underpinning phylosymbiosis.
A SpoIID Homolog Cleaves Glycan Strands at the Chlamydial Division Septum
Authors: Jacquier Nicolas , Yadav Akhilesh K. , Pillonel Trestan , Viollier Patrick H. , Cava Felipe , Greub Gilbert
Published: July 2019

Chlamydiales
species are obligate intracellular bacteria and important human pathogens that have a minimal division machinery lacking the proteins that are essential for bacterial division in other species, such as FtsZ. Chlamydial division requires synthesis of peptidoglycan, which forms a ring at the division septum and is rapidly turned over. However, little is known of peptidoglycan degradation, because many peptidoglycan-degrading enzymes are not encoded by chlamydial genomes. Here we show that an homologue of SpoIID, a peptidoglycan-degrading enzyme involved in sporulation of bacteria such as
Bacillus subtilis
, is expressed in
Chlamydiales
, localizes at the division septum, and degrades peptidoglycan
in vitro
, indicating that SpoIID is not only involved in sporulation but also likely implicated in division of some bacteria.
Clinical Persistence of Chlamydia trachomatis Sexually Transmitted Strains Involves Novel Mutations in the Functional αββα Tetramer of the Tryptophan Synthase Operon
Authors: Somboonna Naraporn , Ziklo Noa , Ferrin Thomas E. , Hyuk Suh Jung , Dean Deborah
Published: July 2019

Chlamydia trachomatis(Ct) is the most common sexually transmitted bacterium with more than 131 million cases occurring annually worldwide.Ctinfections are often asymptomatic, persisting for many years despite treatment.In vitrorecovery from persistence occurs when indole is utilized by the organism’s tryptophan synthase to synthesize tryptophan, an essential amino acid for replication. Ocular but not urogenitalCtstrains contain mutations in the synthase that abrogate tryptophan synthesis. Here, we discovered that the genomes of serial isolates from a woman with recurrent, treatedCtSTIs over many years were identical with a novel synthase mutation. This likely allowed long-termin vivopersistence where active infection resumed only when tryptophan became available. Our findings indicate an emerging adaptive host-pathogen evolutionary strategy for survival in the urogenital tract that will prompt the field to further explore chlamydial persistence, evaluate the genetics of mutantCtstrains and fitness within the host, and their implications for disease pathogenesis.
RocA Binds CsrS To Modulate CsrRS-Mediated Gene Regulation in Group A
Streptococcus
Authors: Lynskey Nicola N. , Velarde Jorge J. , Finn Meredith B. , Dove Simon L. , Wessels Michael R.
Published: July 2019

Bacterial two-component regulatory systems, comprising a membrane-bound sensor kinase and cytosolic response regulator, are critical in coordinating the bacterial response to changing environmental conditions. More recently, auxiliary regulators which act to modulate the activity of two-component systems, allowing integration of multiple signals and fine-tuning of bacterial responses, have been identified. RocA is a regulatory protein encoded by all serotypes of the important human pathogen group A
Streptococcus
. Although RocA is known to exert its regulatory activity via the streptococcal two-component regulatory system CsrRS, the mechanism by which it functions was unknown. Based on new experimental evidence, we propose a model whereby RocA interacts with CsrS in the streptococcal cell membrane to enhance CsrS autokinase activity and subsequent phosphotransfer to the response regulator CsrR, which mediates transcriptional repression of target genes.
Causes and Effects of Loss of Classical Nonhomologous End Joining Pathway in Parasitic Eukaryotes
Authors: Nenarokova Anna , Záhonová Kristína , Krasilnikova Marija , Gahura Ondřej , McCulloch Richard , Zíková Alena , Yurchenko Vyacheslav , Lukeš Julius
Published: July 2019

Parasites tend to evolve small and compact genomes, generally endowed with a high mutation rate, compared with those of their free-living relatives. However, the mechanisms by which they achieve these features, independently in unrelated lineages, remain largely unknown. We argue that the loss of the classical nonhomologous end joining pathway components may be one of the crucial steps responsible for characteristic features of parasite genomes.
Species Deletions from Microbiome Consortia Reveal Key Metabolic Interactions between Gut Microbes
Authors: Gutiérrez Natalia , Garrido Daniel
Published: July 2019

Gut microbes associate, compete for, and specialize in specific metabolic tasks. These interactions are dictated by the cross-feeding of degradation or fermentation products. However, the individual contribution of microbes to the function of the gut microbiome is difficult to evaluate. It is essential to understand the complexity of microbial interactions and how the presence or absence of specific microorganisms affects the stability and functioning of the gut microbiome. The experimental approach of this study could be used for identifying keystone species, in addition to redundant functions and conditions that contribute to community stability. Redundancy is an important feature of the microbiome, and its reduction could be useful for the design of microbial consortia with desired metabolic properties enhancing the tasks of the keystone species.
Enhanced upwelling and phosphorite formation in the northeastern Pacific during the late Oligocene: Depositional mechanisms, environmental conditions, and the impact of glacio-eustacy
Authors: Schöllhorn Iris , Houben Alexander , Gertsch Brian , Adatte Thierry , Alexey Ulianov , de Kaenel Eric , Spangenberg Jorge E. , Janssen Nico , Schwennicke Tobias , Föllmi Karl B.
Published: July 2019

The late Oligocene–early Miocene interval records a discernable episode of phosphorite formation, which is considered as the first of four main phosphogenic episodes during the late early and late Cenozoic. In order to better constrain the processes leading to widespread phosphorite formation we present new radiometric, geochemical, palynological, and sedimentological data from a drill core of the Roca Fosfórica Mexicana phosphorite mine at San Juan de la Costa, Baja California Sur (Mexico). In this region, phosphogenesis was enabled by the combination of high productivity and low sediment-accumulation rates due to enhanced upwelling and low detrital input related to regionally dry climate conditions. Phosphatic particles were formed in a shallow and well-oxygenated setting, subsequently concentrated by winnowing, and transported by gravity currents, which were mostly triggered by seismic activity. Following their deposition in a deeper and less well oxygenated setting pervasive phosphogenesis contributed to cementing the accumulated phosphatic grains.

Correlation with global paleoclimate records suggests that this phosphogenic episode was linked to the expansion of the Antarctic ice sheet. Glacial weathering and the establishment of large-amplitude glacio-eustatic variations enhanced phosphorus supply on a global scale. Both glacial and interglacial phases participated in enhancing primary productivity in oceans, increasing the phosphorus flux into sediments, and favoring phosphogenesis, with glaciation being the prime cause.

In addition, radiometric ages obtained in this study (28.62, 28.1, 27.19, 27.08, and 26.94 Ma) indicate that the onset of the late Oligocene–early Miocene phosphogenic episode was diachronous on a global scale with 2–3 m.y. older ages in the eastern Pacific in comparison to the Mediterranean and central Atlantic. This delay is explained by regional differences in paleoenvironmental and paleoceanographic conditions.
Stent-assisted coil embolization on down-the-barrel view with spring-shaped microcatheter in patient with M1 ultrawide necked circumferential aneurysm
Authors: Kwak Hyo Sung , Park Jung Soo , Koh Eun Jeong
Published: July 2019

Herein, we describe a technique for stent-assisted coil embolization with a spring-shaped microcatheter in a patient with an M1 ultrawide-necked circumferential aneurysm in the middle cerebral artery (MCA). A 49-year-old man was referred for treatment of an incidentally detected M1 large-circumference aneurysm on magnetic resonance angiography. Subsequent digital subtraction angiography revealed an 18.2×16.5 mm ultrawide-necked circumferential aneurysm on the distal M1 portion of the left MCA, and we planned stent-assisted coil embolization using a spring-shaped microcatheter. After we deployed the stent, we performed coil embolization under the down-the-barrel view by pulling out the microcatheter little by little. Using this technique, we could fill the coil mass evenly into the aneurysmal sac around the stent. And there were no immediate or delayed complications after the procedure. Stent-assisted coiling using a spring-shaped microcatheter is a useful and safe technique for treating ultrawide-necked circumferential aneurysm or fusiform aneurysms.
Complete resolution of extensive thrombosis of atheromatous non-aneurysmal descending aorta and pulmonary embolism with warfarin therapy
Authors: Pande Shrikant D , Kum Steven , Safdar Husain Farah , Kerner Vishaka
Published: July 2019

A 54-year-old man underwent decompressive craniectomy following a stroke. He further developed right lower limb ischaemia, and CT aortography revealed extensive aortic atherosclerotic disease. Urgent embolectomy prevented him from having a major amputation. He subsequently developed pulmonary embolism. This was initially treated with heparin followed by warfarin apart from antiplatelets and statin. A follow-up aortography at 3 months interval showed near complete resolution of atheromatous disease of the aorta. This report raises the possibility that apart from antiplatelets and lipid-lowering agents, anticoagulation may be responsible for resolution of such an extensive atheromatous disease and whether this can be considered as part of regular treatment.
Primary intracranial leiomyosarcoma among patients with AIDS in the era of new chemotherapeutic and biological agents
Authors: Francisco Christian N , Alejandria Marissa , Salvaña Edsel Maurice , Andal Vida Margarette de Vera
Published: July 2019

Primary intracranial leiomyosarcoma (PIL) is a rare non-infectious aetiology of focal mass lesions among HIV-infected individuals. With only 16 published cases worldwide, information on its pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical course and management options is limited. We report two cases of PIL in HIV-infected Filipino men who presented with 1–3 months history of persistent headache, progressing in severity. Both had cranial MRI revealing intracranial mass diagnosed as leiomyosarcoma by excision biopsy and immunohistochemical staining. Both patients underwent adjuvant cranial radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Biologics were initiated in one patient. Both patients were alive with evidence of the disease.
Unilateral leg weakness and pain secondary to metastatic anal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Ajala-Agbo Temitope , Tang Pok Tin , Bat-Ulzii Davidson Tsetsegdemberel
Published: July 2019

A 58-year-old man presented to colorectal clinic with intermittent rectal bleeding, weight loss, also pain and weakness affecting his lower back and right leg. On inspection, there were perianal warts (condyloma acuminata), with an additional palpable anal lesion on digital rectal examination, confirmed by colonoscopy. Subsequent imaging revealed a large right psoas abscess, and an associated paravertebral soft tissue component invading the right lumbosacral plexus and nerve roots at L4, L5 and S1. Biopsy of the paravertebral mass revealed metastatic squamous cell carcinoma. Given his symptomatology, and also as biopsy of the perianal warts revealed high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion/grade III anal intraepithelial neoplasia on histology with infection by human papillomavirus type 6, the primary was presumed to be anal. This was a case of sciatic pain which proved to be diagnostically challenging on initial presentation to primary care. This mode of presentation and pattern of metastasis are uncommon in anal cancer.
Palliative TACE for hepatic metastases of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Whooley Peter D , Flores John Paul , Fotoohi Mehran , Lin Bruce S
Published: July 2019

We describe the case of a man with chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (chRCC) and numerous metastatic lesions restricted to the liver. Despite extensive courses of various systemic targeted chemotherapies, progressive disease was noted on CT and MRI and the patient suffered from persistent abdominal pain associated with his metastatic lesions. The liver lesions and associated symptoms were effectively palliated with serial transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE). While it is unclear if TACE has impacted his overall survival, this case encourages the use of TACE for palliative intent for patients with metastatic chRCC.
Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia in pancreatic adenocarcinoma: a potential paraneoplastic presentation
Authors: Hariz Anis , Hamdi Mohamed Salah , Boukhris Imen , Cherif Eya
Published: July 2019

While autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA) is a well-known paraneoplastic syndrome in haematological malignancies, it has been described far less in solid tumours. We hereby report the case of a 61-year-old male patient presenting AIHA related to pancreatic cancer. Investigations excluded infectious, autoimmune and toxic causes of AIHA. CT of the abdomen highlighted the presence of hypodense, infiltrating mass of the tail of the pancreas measuring 70×37×36 mm, compatible with pancreas neoplasm. Histological examination of two associated nodular lesions of the liver showed metastasis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. The patient was started on corticosteroid without improvement of haemoglobin. Palliative chemotherapy was initiated; this led to significant improvement in haemoglobin comforting our diagnosis. This case illustrates the rare association between AIHA and pancreatic cancer. However, such association cannot be considered before excluding other, more frequent, aetiologies.
An unsuspected intracranial foreign body on the acute medical unit
Authors: Hull Katherine Leigh , Denton-Beaumont Ruth
Published: July 2019

A 54-year-old man was referred to the acute medical unit with a suspected stroke after presenting to his general practitioner with altered speech, left sided facial droop and confusion. The patient had a new right sided swelling on the lateral aspect of his head but did not report any history of trauma. Imaging revealed a 9.2 cm nail entering via the right parietal bone with associated acute haemorrhage. After further discussion with the patient, he disclosed a suicide attempt with a nail gun 5 days prior to presentation. The nail was successfully removed by the neurosurgical team and the patient received rehabilitation and psychiatric assessment on the brain injury unit before going home.
Social media captures demographic and regional physical activity
Authors: Cesare Nina , Nguyen Quynh C , Grant Christan , Nsoesie Elaine O
Published: July 2019

Objectives

We examined the use of data from social media for surveillance of physical activity prevalence in the USA.

Methods

We obtained data from the social media site Twitter from April 2015 to March 2016. The data consisted of 1 382 284 geotagged physical activity tweets from 481 146 users (55.7% men and 44.3% women) in more than 2900 counties. We applied machine learning and statistical modelling to demonstrate sex and regional variations in preferred exercises, and assessed the association between reports of physical activity on Twitter and population-level inactivity prevalence from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Results

The association between physical inactivity tweet patterns and physical activity prevalence varied by sex and region. Walking was the most popular physical activity for both men and women across all regions (15.94% (95% CI 15.85% to 16.02%) and 18.74% (95% CI 18.64% to 18.88%) of tweets, respectively). Men and women mentioned performing gym-based activities at approximately the same rates (4.68% (95% CI 4.63% to 4.72%) and 4.13% (95% CI 4.08% to 4.18%) of tweets, respectively). CrossFit was most popular among men (14.91% (95% CI 14.52% to 15.31%)) among gym-based tweets, whereas yoga was most popular among women (26.66% (95% CI 26.03% to 27.19%)). Men mentioned engaging in higher intensity activities than women. Overall, counties with higher physical activity tweets also had lower leisure-time physical inactivity prevalence for both sexes.

Conclusions

The regional-specific and sex-specific activity patterns captured on Twitter may allow public health officials to identify changes in health behaviours at small geographical scales and to design interventions best suited for specific populations.
Acute thromboses and occlusions of dual layer carotid stents in endovascular treatment of tandem occlusions
Authors: Pfaff Johannes A R , Maurer Christoph , Broussalis Erasmia , Janssen Hendrik , Blanc Raphael , Dargazanli Cyril , Costalat Vincent , Piotin Michel , Runck Frank , Berlis Ansgar , Killer-Oberpfalzer Monika , Hensler Johannes Tobias , Bendszus Martin , Wodarg Fritz , Möhlenbruch Markus A
Published: July 2019

Purpose

To evaluate the occurrence and risk factors of acute in-stent thrombosis or stent occlusion in patients with tandem occlusions receiving intracranial mechanical thrombectomy and emergent extracranial internal carotid artery stenting with a dual layer carotid stent.

Methods

Multicenter retrospective data collection and analysis of stroke databases of seven comprehensive stroke centers from three European countries.

Results

Overall, 160 patients (mean (SD) age 66 (12) years; 104 men (65%); median (IQR) baseline NIHSS 14 (9–18); IV lysis, n=97 (60.6%)) were treated for a cervical carotid artery occlusion or stenosis using a CASPER stent (MicroVention), and received mechanical thrombectomy for an intracranial occlusion between April 2014 and November 2018. During the procedure or within 72 hours, formation of thrombus and complete occlusion of the CASPER stent was observed in 33/160 (20.8%) and in 12/160 patients (7.5%), respectively. In 25/33 (75.8%) and in 9/12 patients (75%), respectively, this occurred during the procedure. No statistically significant difference was observed between patients with and without thrombus formation with regard to pre-existing long term medication with anticoagulants or intraprocedural administration of heparin, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), or heparin and ASA. Favorable early neurological outcome was similar in patients with (n=15; 45.5%) and without (n=63; 49.6%) thrombus formation at the CASPER stent.

Conclusion

Acute thrombosis or occlusion of CASPER stents in thrombectomy patients receiving emergent extracranial internal carotid artery stenting for tandem occlusions were observed more often during the procedure than within 72 hours of follow-up, were less frequent then previously reported, and showed no impact on early neurological outcome.
Prospective study on embolization of intracranial aneurysms with the pipeline device: the PREMIER study 1 year results
Authors: Hanel Ricardo A , Kallmes David F , Lopes Demetrius Klee , Nelson Peter Kim , Siddiqui Adnan , Jabbour Pascal , Pereira Vitor M , Szikora István Istvan , Zaidat Osama O , Bettegowda Chetan , Colby Geoffrey P , Mokin Maxim , Schirmer Clemens , Hellinger Frank R , Given II Curtis , Krings Timo , Taussky Philipp , Toth Gabor , Fraser Justin F , Chen Michael , Priest Ryan , Kan Peter , Fiorella David , Frei Don , Aagaard-Kienitz Beverly , Diaz Orlando , Malek Adel M , Cawley C Michael , Puri Ajit S
Published: July 2019

Background

Preliminary clinical studies on the safety and efficacy of the pipeline embolization device (PED) for the treatment of small/medium aneurysms have demonstrated high occlusion rates with low complications.

Objective

To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the PED for treatment of wide necked small and medium intracranial aneurysms.

Methods

PREMIER is a prospective, multicenter, single arm trial. Patients were treated with the PED for unruptured wide necked aneurysms, measuring ≤12 mm along the internal carotid artery or vertebral artery, between July 2014 and November 2015. At 1 year post-procedure, the primary effectiveness endpoint was complete occlusion (Raymond grade 1) without major parent vessel stenosis (≤50%) or retreatment, and the primary safety endpoint was major stroke in the territory supplied by the treated artery or neurologic death.

Results

A total of 141 patients were treated with PEDs (mean age 54.6±11.3 years, 87.9% (124/141) women). Mean aneurysm size was 5.0±1.92 mm, and 84.4% (119/141) measured <7 mm. PED placement was successful in 99.3% (140/141) of patients. Mean number of PEDs implanted per patient was 1.1±0.26; a single PED was used in 92.9% (131/141) of patients. At 1 year, 97.9% (138/141) of patients underwent follow-up angiography with 76.8% (106/138) of patients having met the study’s primary effectiveness endpoint. The combined major morbidity and mortality rate was 2.1% (3/140).

Conclusions

Treatment of wide necked small/medium aneurysms with the PED results in high rates of complete occlusion without significant parent vessel stenosis and low rates of permanent neurologic complications.

Trial registration

NCT02186561.
Predictors of preoperative endovascular embolization of meningiomas: subanalysis of anatomic location and arterial supply
Authors: Barros Guilherme , Feroze Abdullah H , Sen Rajeev , Kelly Cory M , Barber Jason , Hallam Danial K , Ghodke Basavaraj , Osbun Joshua W , Kim Louis J , Levitt Michael R
Published: July 2019

Introduction

Endovascular embolization of intracranial meningiomas is commonly used as an adjunct to surgical resection. We sought to describe the anatomic locations and vascular supplies of meningiomas to identify characteristics predictive of successful preoperative endovascular embolization.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective review of 139 meningioma cases receiving cerebral angiograms for possible preoperative endovascular embolization at our institution between December 2000 and March 2017. The extent of embolization, arterial supply, anatomic location, and procedural complications were recorded for each case. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify tumor characteristics that predicted successful embolization.

Results

Of the total meningioma patients undergoing preoperative angiography, 78% (108/139) were successfully embolized, with a 2.8% periprocedural complication rate (3/108). Within the subset of patients with successful embolization, 31% (33/108) achieved complete angiographic embolization. Significant multivariate predictors of embolization (either partial or complete) were convexity/parasagittal locations (OR 5.15, 95% CI 0.93 to 28.54, p=0.060), meningohypophyseal trunk (MHT, OR 4.65, 95% CI 1.63 to 13.23, p=0.004), middle meningeal artery (MMA, OR 10.89, 95% CI 3.43 to 34.64, p<0.001), and ascending pharyngeal artery supply (APA, OR 9.96, 95% CI 1.88 to 52.73, p=0.007). Significant predictors for complete embolization were convexity/parasagittal locations (OR 4.79, 95% CI 1.66 to 13.84, p=0.004) and embolized APA supply (OR 6.94, 95% CI 1.90 to 25.39, p=0.003). Multiple arterial supply was a negative predictor of complete embolization (OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.98, p=0.05).

Conclusions

Tumor characteristics can be used to predict the likelihood of preoperative meningioma embolization. Parasagittal and convexity meningiomas, and those with APA supply, are most likely to achieve complete angiographic embolization.
Validity of retrospective occupational exposure estimates of lead and manganese in a case–control study
Authors: Sauvé Jean-François , Ramsay Joemy M , Locke Sarah J , Dopart Pamela J , Josse Pabitra R , Zaebst Dennis D , Albert Paul S , Cantor Kenneth P , Baris Dalsu , Jackson Brian P , Karagas Margaret R , Hosain GM Monawar , Schwenn Molly , Johnson Alison , Purdue Mark P , Koutros Stella , Silverman Debra T , Friesen Melissa C
Published: July 2019

Objectives

The validity of surrogate measures of retrospective occupational exposure in population-based epidemiological studies has rarely been evaluated. Using toenail samples as bioindicators of exposure, we assessed whether work tasks and expert assessments of occupational metal exposure obtained from personal interviews were associated with lead and manganese concentrations.

Methods

We selected 609 controls from a case–control study of bladder cancer in New England who had held a job for ≥1 year 8–24 months prior to toenail collection. We evaluated associations between toenail metal concentrations and five tasks extracted from occupational questionnaires (grinding, painting, soldering, welding, working near engines) using linear regression models. For 139 subjects, we also evaluated associations between the toenail concentrations and exposure estimates from three experts.

Results

We observed a 1.9-fold increase (95% CI 1.4 to 2.5) in toenail lead concentrations with painting and 1.4-fold increase (95% CI 1.1 to 1.7) in manganese concentrations with working around engines and handling fuel. We observed significant trends with increasing frequency of both activities. For lead, significant trends were observed with the ratings from all three experts. Their average ratings showed the strongest association, with subjects rated as possibly or probably exposed to lead having concentrations that were 2.0 and 2.5 times higher, respectively, than in unexposed subjects (ptrend<0.001). Expert estimates were only weakly associated with manganese toenail concentrations.

Conclusions

Our findings support the ability of experts to identify broad contrasts in previous occupational exposure to lead. The stronger associations with task frequency and expert assessments support using refined exposure characterisation whenever possible.
Diet quality in patients with stroke
Authors: Dearborn Jennifer L , Khera Tehmina , Peterson Meghan , Shahab Zartashia , Kernan Walter N
Published: July 2019

Objective

A healthy diet is associated with reduced risk for stroke, myocardial infarction, cancer and death. We examined the prevalence of a healthy diet in patients with a recent stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA).

Methods

We recruited a convenience sample of 95 patients with a recent ischaemic stroke or TIA. Using information from a 125-item Food Frequency Questionnaire, we calculated dietary quality and the percentage of patients meeting recommended daily intake (RDI) for common macronutrients and elements.

Results

The mean age of patients was 66 years (SD: 16) and 46% were women. 39 patients (41%) were classified as having a healthy diet (35% of men and 48% of women). The majority of patients were within the RDI for carbohydrates (56.8%), total fat (61.1%), long-chain n-3 fats (68.4%), polyunsaturated fats (79.0%) and protein (96.8%). Very few patients consumed the recommended intake for sodium (25.3%), and even fewer consumed the RDI for potassium (4.2%), with the majority of patients consuming too much sodium and too little potassium.

Conclusion

We found that most patients with recent stroke or TIA were not following a healthy diet before their stroke event. For most patients, sodium intake was much above and potassium intake was much below RDI.
Analysis of strong decays of the Zc(4600) with the QCD sum rules
Authors: wang Zhi-Gang
Published: July 2019

In this paper, we tentatively assign the [Formula: see text] to be the [Formula: see text] type vector tetraquark state and study its two-body strong decays with the QCD sum rules based on solid quark–hadron duality, the predictions for the partial decay widths [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] can be compared to the experimental data in the future to diagnose the nature of the [Formula: see text].
Calculation of averaged collision strength of magnesium for non-Maxwellian distributions in plasma
Authors: He Jian , Zhang Qingguo
Published: July 2019

In this paper, kappa and Druyvesteyn distributions of electronic velocity are discussed for non-Maxwellian distribution. For accurate temperature and electron density diagnostics of Magnesium plasma, for the Magnesium VIII [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] transitions, we calculate kappa averaged collision strengths for [Formula: see text] = 2, 3 and 5 and the Druyvesteyn averaged collision strengths for [Formula: see text] = 1.5, 2 and 3, for temperature between [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Results indicate that the kappa averaged collision strengths are slightly larger than those for the Maxwellian distribution, and the Druyvesteyn averaged collision strengths are slightly smaller than those for the Maxwellian distribution, furthermore, the averaged collision strengths will be close to those for Maxwellian distribution with increasing [Formula: see text] for the kappa distribution and with decreasing [Formula: see text] for the Druyvesteyn distribution. The excitation rate coefficients are also calculated for Maxwellian and non-Maxwellian distributions. This discussion will be significant in study of plasma for the non-Maxwellian distribution.
A Three-Stage Fuzzy-Logic-Based Handover Necessity Estimation and Target Network Selection Scheme for Next Generation Heterogeneous Networks
Authors: Subramani Meenakshi , Kumaravelu Vinoth Babu
Published: July 2019

The network performance is an imperative factor for the customers to select a mobile network operator (MNO). The customers demand seamless mobility and services with minimal packet loss and ultra-low latency from the subscribed MNO. Device-to-Device (D2D) communication is one of the key enabling solutions of fifth generation (5G), which has the potential to enhance throughput, latency, packet loss rate (PLR) performances of the network. 5G is expected to support high mobility and smaller range heterogeneous cells. This leads to frequent handovers. The unessential handovers may cause wastage of network resources. The improper network selection may prompt extreme quality degradation. In this work, a three-stage fuzzy-logic-based handover necessity estimation and target selection scheme is proposed for general heterogeneous networks. The simulation results prove that PLR, number of handovers executed and throughput performances of the proposed scheme are superior than the conventional and fuzzy-based multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) schemes. Even though this scheme is demonstrated for D2D application, it can be extended for any heterogeneous network scenarios.
Analysis of Nonlinear Vibration and Instability of Electrostatically Actuated Fluid-Conveying Micro Beams
Authors: Yan Yan , Wang Wen-Quan , Liu G. R.
Published: July 2019

Based on the Euler beam theory and a Galerkin formulation using natural modes, the nonlinear vibration behavior and stability of electrostatic driving fluid-conveying micro (straight or curved) beams are studied in the paper. The focus of this study is on the critical coupling of fluidic, mechanical and electrostatic effects in the nonlinear system. Under these effects, micro devices may exhibit (dynamic) snap-through or/and pull-in instabilities. Our study reveals, for the first time, the effects of the velocity of the inner fluid on the bifurcation diagrams for complex nonlinear systems. It is also found that fluid can be utilized to efficiently tune the frequency of straight beams over a wide range. For curved beams, the tuning can be achieved easily by adjusting the voltage. These findings are beneficial in many applications of the electrostatic microelectronic mechanical systems (MEMS). In addition, phase plane analyses are performed in this study, and more complicated phase portraits for different initial conditions are obtained as well. It is found that the homoclinic connections on the phase plane are directly related to the dynamic snap-through or dynamic pull-in instabilities; and the periodic orbits are directly related to the periodic motions of micro beams. These findings can provide reasonable explanations for the experimentally-observed phenomena for micro sensors, and are beneficial to the optimization design of MEMS.
Stability and Hopf Bifurcation of a Delayed Prey–Predator Model with Disease in the Predator
Authors: Huang Chuangxia , Zhang Hua , Cao Jinde , Hu Haijun
Published: July 2019

Dealing with the epidemiological prey–predator is very important for us to understand the dynamical characteristics of population models. The existing literature has shown that disease introduction into the predator group can destabilize the established prey–predator communities. In this paper, we establish a new delayed SIS epidemiological prey–predator model with the assumptions that the disease is transmitted among the predator species only and different type of predators have different functional responses, viz. the infected predator consumes the prey according to Holling type-II functional response and the susceptible predator consumes the prey following the law of mass action. The positivity of solutions, the existence of various equilibrium points, the stability and bifurcation at those equilibrium points are investigated at length. Using the incubation period as bifurcation parameter, it is observed that a Hopf bifurcation may occur around the equilibrium points when the parameter passes through some critical values. We also discuss the direction and stability of the Hopf bifurcation around the interior equilibrium point. Simulations are arranged to show the correctness and effectiveness of these theoretical results.
A New Class of Two-Dimensional Chaotic Maps with Closed Curve Fixed Points
Authors: Jiang Haibo , Liu Yang , Wei Zhouchao , Zhang Liping
Published: July 2019

This paper constructs a new class of two-dimensional maps with closed curve fixed points. Firstly, the mathematical model of these maps is formulated by introducing a nonlinear function. Different types of fixed points which form a closed curve are shown by choosing proper parameters of the nonlinear function. The stabilities of these fixed points are studied to show that these fixed points are all nonhyperbolic. Then a computer search program is employed to explore the chaotic attractors in these maps, and several simple maps whose fixed points form different shapes of closed curves are presented. Complex dynamical behaviors of these maps are investigated by using the phase-basin portrait, Lyapunov exponents, and bifurcation diagrams.
Complex Dynamical Behaviors in a 3D Simple Chaotic Flow with 3D Stable or 3D Unstable Manifolds of a Single Equilibrium
Authors: Wei Zhouchao , Li Yingying , Sang Bo , Liu Yongjian , Zhang Wei
Published: July 2019

This paper shows some examples of chaotic systems for the six types of only one hyperbolic equilibrium in changed chameleon-like chaotic system. Two of the six cases have hidden attractors. By adjusting the parameters in the system and controlling the stability of only one equilibrium, we can further obtain chaos with four kinds of conditions: (1) index-0 node; (2) index-3 node; (3) index-0 node foci; (4) index-3 node foci. Based on the method of focus quantities, we study three limit cycles (the outmost and inner cycles are stable, and the intermediate cycle is unstable) bifurcating from an isolated Hopf equilibrium. In addition, one periodic solution can be obtained from a nonisolated zero-Hopf equilibrium. The system may help us in better understanding, revealing an intrinsic relationship of the global dynamical behaviors with the stability of equilibrium point, especially hidden chaotic attractors.
Bifurcations and Exact Solutions in a Nonlinear Wave Equation
Authors: Li Zongguang , Liu Rui
Published: July 2019

The dynamical model of a nonlinear wave is governed by a partial differential equation which is a special case of the [Formula: see text]-family equation. Its traveling system is a singular system with a singular straight line. On this line, there exist two degenerate nodes of the associated regular system. By using the method of dynamical systems and the theory of singular traveling wave systems, in this paper we show that, corresponding to global level curves, this wave equation has global periodic wave solutions and anti-solitary wave solutions. We obtain their exact representations. Specially, we discover some new phenomena. (i) Infinitely many periodic orbits of the traveling wave system pass through the singular straight line. (ii) Inside some homoclinic orbits of the traveling wave system there is not any singular point. (iii) There exist periodic wave bifurcation and double anti-solitary waves bifurcation.