bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of health care and husbandry system of calves at buffalo farms in southern Bangladesh
Authors: Talukder AK , Rahman MA , Islam MA , Islam MT , Selim ASM , Paul AK , Rahman MA
Published: January 2016

Calves with optimum health play a crucial role for sustainability of the dairy farms. This study was conducted to evaluate the present status of calf health care and husbandry system on 140 buffalo farms in southern Bangladesh. The data were collected during farm visit and recorded in prepared questionnaire. The results of the present study revealed that significantly lower number of farms (15.0%) had calves with good body condition (p<0.05) during farm visit. Navel cord disinfection to the newly born calves was not practiced in all these farms. Colostrum was fed to calves soon after birth in significantly lower number (4.3%) of farms (p<0.05). Furthermore, 13.6% farmers dewormed their buffalo calves (p<0.05) and calves in 11.4% farms were vaccinated against anthrax and foot and mouth disease (p<0.05). Sick calves were treated by buffalo owner themselves in significantly higher proportion of buffalo farms (59.3%) compared with treated by veterinarian (12.9%) and quack (27.8%) (p<0.05). Overall, the buffalo calf mortality was recorded 14.5% of which higher mortality (74.5%) was observed in first three months of age in comparison to other age groups. Moreover, the number of calves died was affected by herd size in the farms (R2=0.938, p<0.001). The helminthiasis (20.3%) was identified as most prevalent disease in buffalo calves followed by malnutrition (13.2%), indigestion (12.4%) and navel ill (9.3%). It can be concluded that health care and management system of buffalo calves in these dairies are extremely unsatisfactory and buffalo farmers need proper education and training about scientific knowledge of calf rearing practice.SAARC J. Agri., 13(2): 108-120 (2015)
Genetic parameters of two bc2f1 populations for development of superior male sterile lines pertaining to morpho-floral traits for aerobic rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Raghavendra P , Hittalmani S
Published: January 2016

The behaviour of introgressed male-sterilility with respect to various morphological traits is based on its superior performance in segregating backcross populations. In this study a maiden attempt has been made to identify male sterile lines suitable for developing aerobic rice hybrids. Two BC2F1 populations derived from IR70369A x MAS 99 and KCMS31A x MAS 99 crosses were evaluated for various morpho-floral traits. Pollen and spikelet fertility test revealed that all plants of these populations were completely male sterile. Genetic variability studies indicated high heritability for most of the traits (>60%). Narrow variation between Phenotypic Co-efficient of variation (PCV) and Genotypic Coefficient of Variation (GCV) was observed for most traits. Stigma exertion, Panicle exertion, Tiller number and Spikelet per panicle recorded moderate heritability with wider differenced between PCV and GCV. Negatively skewed platykurtic distribution was observed for most of the traits in both BC2F1 populations. The identified new male sterile lines will be stabilised, and they could serve as potential A lines for development of rice hybrids for aerobic condions.SAARC J. Agri., 13(2): 198-213 (2015)
Influence of seedling age on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) production
Authors: Jellani G , Atif MJ , Ullah H , Ali M , Musa M
Published: January 2016

Cucumber crop was evaluated for the influence of seedling age on its production during two consecutive years of 2011 and 2012 on experimental area of National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Islamabad, Pakistan. Nursery of cucumber was raised in polythene tubes under protected structures (walk-in tunnels). Seedling transplantation of three different ages viz., 30, 45 and 60 days were compared with direct seeding in the open field. Seedling transplantation produced fruits earlier (22 days), increased availability period (41 days) as compared to direct seeded crop. Transplantation of 45 and 60 days old seedlings produced higher fruits yield of cucumber with higher gross return and gross margin. The results revealed that transplantation of 45 to 60 days old seedlings was suitable for achieving fruits earlier and profitable cucumber production technology.SAARC J. Agri., 13(2): 214-221 (2015)
Terminology Standardization in Education and the Construction of Resources: The Welsh Experience
Authors: Andrews Tegau , Prys Gruffudd
Published: January 2016

This paper describes developments in Welsh-language terminology within the education system in Wales. Following an outline of historical terminology work, it concentrates on the consolidation of terminology standardization at the Language Technologies Unit, Bangor University, with particular reference to two projects, one concerned with terminology for school-age and further education, the second concerned with higher education. The developments described include the adoption of international standards in terminology standardization and their incorporation in an online terminology standardization environment and dissemination platform that enable access to the centralized terminological dictionaries via a number of sophisticated websites, portals and mobile apps featuring rich dictionary entries. Some of the issues in managing large term collections are explored, and usage statistics are presented for the resources described.
Dynamically Scaled Model Experiment of a Mooring Cable
Authors: Bergdahl Lars , Palm Johannes , Eskilsson Claes , Lindahl Jan
Published: January 2016

The dynamic response of mooring cables for marine structures is scale-dependent, and perfect dynamic similitude between full-scale prototypes and small-scale physical model tests is difficult to achieve. The best possible scaling is here sought by means of a specific set of dimensionless parameters, and the model accuracy is also evaluated by two alternative sets of dimensionless parameters. A special feature of the presented experiment is that a chain was scaled to have correct propagation celerity for longitudinal elastic waves, thus providing perfect geometrical and dynamic scaling in vacuum, which is unique. The scaling error due to incorrect Reynolds number seemed to be of minor importance. The 33 m experimental chain could then be considered a scaled 76 mm stud chain with the length 1240 m, i.e., at the length scale of 1:37.6. Due to the correct elastic scale, the physical model was able to reproduce the effect of snatch loads giving rise to tensional shock waves propagating along the cable. The results from the experiment were used to validate the newly developed cable-dynamics code, MooDy, which utilises a discontinuous Galerkin FEM formulation. The validation of MooDy proved to be successful for the presented experiments. The experimental data is made available here for validation of other numerical codes by publishing digitised time series of two of the experiments.
Biomechanical evaluation of a non-locking pre-manufactured loop suture technique compared to a three-loop pulley suture in a canine calcaneus tendon avulsion model
Authors: Dunlap Anna , McNicholas Thomas , Kim Stanley
Published: January 2016

Objective: The purpose of this cadaveric study was to compare the strength of a non-locking pre-manufactured loop (Speed -Whip™ [SW]) suture pattern using Fiber-wire® with the three-loop pulley (TLP) suture pattern using polypropylene for the surgical repair of canine calcaneal tendon avulsion injuries.

Methods: In vitro biomechanical study using 22 paired tendons collected from 11 canine cadavers. Paired tendons were repaired with either a SW suture pattern using Fiberloop® suture or a TLP suture pattern using polypropylene suture. Tensile loads required to create a 1 mm gap, 3 mm gap, and construct failure were measured.

Results: The mean loads to achieve a 1 mm gap in the TLP and SW constructs were not significantly different. Gap formation at 3 mm occurred at significantly lower loads for the SW (106.4 ± 21.5N) than for the TLP (127.2 ± 27.5N) (p = 0.05). The mean loads to construct failure for the TLP (172.8 ± 39.4N) and SW (131.3 ± 34.3N) were significantly different (p = 0.001).

Clinical significance: The TLP with polypropylene suture is superior to the SW using Fiberloop® at resistance to 3 mm gap formation.
Chemical bath deposition of textured and compact zinc oxide thin films on vinyl-terminated polystyrene brushes
Authors: Blumenstein Nina J , Hofmeister Caroline G , Lindemann Peter , Huang Cheng , Baier Johannes , Leineweber Andreas , Walheim Stefan , Wöll Christof , Schimmel Thomas , Bill Joachim
Published: January 2016

In this study we investigated the influence of an organic polystyrene brush on the deposition of ZnO thin films under moderate conditions. On a non-modified SiOx surface, island growth is observed, whereas the polymer brush induces homogeneous film growth. A chemical modification of the polystyrene brushes during the mineralization process occurs, which enables stronger interaction between the then polar template and polar ZnO crystallites in solution. This may lead to oriented attachment of the crystallites so that the observed (002) texture arises. Characterization of the templates and the resulting ZnO films were performed with ζ-potential and contact angle measurements as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Infrared spectroscopy (IR) measurements were used to investigate the polystyrene brushes before and after modification.
SIMULTANEOUS OBSERVATIONS OF GIANT PULSES FROM PULSAR PSR B0950+08 AT 42 AND 74 MHz
Authors: Tsai Jr-Wei , Simonetti John H. , Akukwe Bernadine , Bear Brandon , Gough Jonathan D. , Shawhan Peter , Kavic Michael
Published: January 2016

We report the detection of giant pulse (GP) emission from PSR B0950+08 in 12 hr of observations made simultaneously at 42 and 74 MHz, using the first station of the Long Wavelength Array. We detected 275 GPs (in 0.16% of the pulse periods) and 465 GPs (0.27%) at 42 and 74 MHz, respectively. The pulsar is weaker and produces less frequent GPs than at 100 MHz. Here, GPs are taken as having

10 times the flux density of an average pulse (AP); their cumulative distribution of pulse strength follows a power law, with an index of −4.1 at 42 MHz and −5.1 at 74 MHz, which is much less steep than would be expected if we were observing the tail of a Gaussian distribution of normal pulses. We detected no other transient pulses in a wide dispersion measure range from 1 to 5000 pc cm−3. There were 128 GPs detected within the same periods from both 42 and 74 MHz, which means more than half of them are not generated in a wide band. The CLEAN-based algorithm was used to deconvolve the the effect of scattering broadening and we have concluded that the scattering effect from the interstellar medium at 42 and 74 MHz is weak and cannot be distinguished from the pulse profiles. We calculated the altitude r of the emission region using the dipolar magnetic field model. We found r(42 MHz) = 29.27 km (0.242% of R
LC) and r(74 MHz) = 29.01 km (0.240% of R
LC) for the AP, while for GPs, r(42 MHz) = 29.10 km (0.241% of R
LC) and r(74 MHz) = 28.95 km (0.240% of R
LC). GPs, which have a double-peak structure, have a smaller mean peak-to-peak separation compared to the AP.
STEALING THE GAS: GIANT IMPACTS AND THE LARGE DIVERSITY IN EXOPLANET DENSITIES
Authors: Inamdar Niraj K. , Schlichting Hilke E.
Published: January 2016

Although current sensitivity limits are such that true solar system analogs remain challenging to detect, numerous planetary systems have been discovered that are very different from our own solar system. The majority of systems harbor a new class of planets, bodies that are typically several times more massive than the Earth but orbit their host stars well inside the orbit of Mercury. These planets frequently show evidence for large hydrogen and helium envelopes containing several percent of the planet’s mass and display a large diversity in mean densities. Here we show that this wide range can be achieved by one or two late giant impacts, which are frequently needed to achieve long-term orbital stability in multiple planet systems once the gas disk has disappeared. We demonstrate using hydrodynamical simulations that a single collision between similarly sized exoplanets can easily reduce the envelope-to-core-mass ratio by a factor of two and show that this leads to a corresponding increase in the observed mean density by factors of two to three. In addition, we investigate how envelope mass loss depends on envelope mass, planet radius, semimajor axis, and the mass distribution inside the envelope. We propose that a small number of giant impacts may be responsible for the large observed spread in mean densities, especially for multiple-planet systems that contain planets with very different densities and have not been significantly sculpted by photoevaporation.
Entre auto-altération de soi et permanence identificatoire
Authors: Givre Philippe
Published: January 2016

Au cœur du processus adolescent, on trouve, dans les conceptions de P. Aulagnier, un phénomène fondamental « d’auto-altération de soi ». De fait, le préalable à tout processus adolescent est de bénéficier d’un nombre de points d’ancrage stables, susceptibles de garantir la permanence et la fiabilité identitaires. Seule l’assurance que du même persiste autorisera l’ouverture de l’éventail des positions identificatoires, tout en favorisant la tolérance du sujet aux « auto-modifications de soi ».
Hallucination négative et perte du sens de la réalité
Authors: Matot Jean-Paul
Published: January 2016

S’appuyant sur les difficultés thérapeutiques rencontrées dans le traitement d’un épisode de dépersonnalisation-déréalisation chez un adolescent de dix-sept ans, l’auteur élabore quelques hypothèses sur la place, la genèse et les effets de l’hallucination négative dans l’émergence psychotique à l’adolescence.
Tendance suicidaire et figure de l’enfant mort
Authors: Richard François
Published: January 2016

Cet article envisage les relations entre tentative de suicide à l’adolescence et relation symbiotique aux premiers objets, à partir de la façon dont un patient adulte est susceptible d’élaborer après-coup à la fois une tendance suicidaire de son adolescence, la reviviscence pubertaire de ses désirs œdipiens infantiles et la rémanence d’un mode symbiotique de relation.
Adolescens videns. Si l’image ne se raconte pas, comment la lire ?
Authors: Pirone Ilaria
Published: January 2016

L’idée de cet article vient d’une recherche sur le rapport au récit et à la narrativité à l’adolescence. À partir de l’analyse des formes narratives d’un groupe d’adolescents en grande difficulté scolaire, l’auteur montre comment la grammaire hors-norme de ces récits semble mettre en scène, de façon mimétique, une nouvelle grammaire contemporaine de l’image, propre au genre télévisuel de la télé-réalité.
Union sacrée ou union forcée ? Les parlementaires belges face à l’impératif délibératif
Authors: Jacquet Vincent , Schiffino Nathalie , Reuchamps Min , Latinis Delphine
Published: January 2016

Dans le cadre des mutations de la démocratie, les conceptions qu’ont les élus de la représentation politique et de la participation citoyenne méritent d’être analysées, car elles permettent de comprendre la potentielle insertion de nouvelles formes démocratiques dans les régimes parlementaires actuels. La position des élus oscille entre méfiance et usage des dispositifs de démocratie participative. Grâce à une méthode qualitative de codage d’entretiens avec des parlementaires fédéraux belges, nous montrons que les représentants nationaux ne partagent pas tous la nécessité d’une participation citoyenne. Ils soulignent que la politique demande une compétence technique ainsi qu’une forme de professionnalisation afin de comprendre les enjeux et les contraintes liées à la gouvernance moderne. Les discours des parlementaires diffèrent néanmoins sur la question de la place à accorder aux citoyens, ce qui invite à distinguer trois profils idéal-typiques : élitiste, corporatiste et hybride.
System Characteristics and Contextual Constraints for Future Fighter Decision Support
Authors: Alfredson Jens , Ohlander Ulrika
Published: January 2016

Research on decision support systems for fighter aircraft has to regard future manned and unmanned cooperating aircraft. This paper highlights system characteristics and contextual constraints to guide research as well as system development. Long term trends have been identified for the domain that has to be coped with, including the transformation of the fighter pilot from pilot to tactical decision maker. Automation strategies have to be developed to support manned and unmanned aircraft in a joint cognitive system. For instance, for intelligent fighter pilot support, for distributed unmanned and manned decision making, function allocation has to be concerned. For function allocation it is important not only to regard which agent is best at performing a task but also to regard the risk/cost of performing a task in this kind of potentially hazardous context.
Innovating Healthcare through Remote Monitoring
Authors: Acheampong Faustina , Vimarlund Vivian
Published: January 2016

Information technology has been suggested to improve patient health outcomes and reduce healthcare cost. This study explored the business model and effects of collaborative innovation between caregivers and patients on healthcare delivery through remote patient monitoring by interviewing caregivers and surveying atrial fibrillation patients. Findings indicate that remote monitoring enhanced early detection of potential risks and quality of clinical decision-making with patients feeling more empowered and involved in their own care. The remote monitoring system which consisted of a home-based ECG and a web-based service and was offered free to patients, brought together caregivers, patients, service provider and the government as actors. The introduction of remote monitoring increased the workload of caregivers and facilitation of timely diagnostics and decision-making were not realized. IT is an enabler of innovation in healthcare, but it must be integrated into work processes with a viable business model to realize potential benefits and sustain it.
Chaotic Map for Securing Digital Content
Authors: Pandey Dhiraj , Rawat U. S.
Published: January 2016

Progressive Visual Cryptography (PVC) is quite suitable for sharing sensitive digital data.Previous research on PVC, such as Fang et al. (2006) and W.P.Fang et al.(2008) were all carrying pixel-expansion problem and also gives a poor visual quality on the recovered stacked image. Recently, Hou&Quan (2011) have developed a progressive scheme for secret sharing. It is observed that shares generated by the scheme are free from pixel expansion problem, but shares are not fully secure. In this paper, a new progressive sharing algorithm based on logistic chaotic map has been proposed to overcome the said limitation of Hou (2011) scheme. The irregular outputs of the logistic map are used to encode a secret digital information carrying image. The performance of the algorithm in the scheme of Hou (2011) is critically analyzed and compared with new suggested scheme. Empirical results are presented to showcase the performance of the authors' proposed scheme in terms of its effectiveness (imperceptibility and security) and feasibility.
Agile Threat Assessment and Mitigation
Authors: Teichmann Clemens , Renatus Stephan , Eichler Jörn
Published: January 2016

Security engineering and agile development are often perceived as a clash of cultures. To address this clash, several approaches have been proposed that allow for agile security engineering. Unfortunately, agile development organizations differ in their actual procedures and environmental properties resulting in varying requirements. The authors propose an approach to compare and select methods for agile security engineering. Furthermore, their approach addresses adaptation or construction of a tailored method taking the existing development culture into account. The authors demonstrate the feasibility of their proposal and report early experiences from its application within a small development organization for digital solutions in the automotive domain.
A Model-Based Toolchain to Verify Spatial Behavior of Cyber-Physical Systems
Authors: Herrmann Peter , Blech Jan Olaf , Han Fenglin , Schmidt Heinz
Published: January 2016

A method preserving cyber-physical systems to operate safely in a joint physical space is presented. It comprises the model-based development of the control software and simulators for the continuous physical environment as well as proving the models for spatial and real-time properties. The corresponding toolchain is based on the model-based engineering tool Reactive Blocks and the spatial model checker BeSpaceD. The real-time constraints to be kept by the controller are proven using the model checker UPPAAL.
Electrical Properties of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes due to Compressive Load
Authors: Aditya Irfan Dwi , Wella Sasfan Arman , Widayani  , Suprijadi
Published: January 2016

In this paper we report the study of the change in electrical properties of semiconducting carbon nanotubes (CNTs) under uniaxial compressive deformations using the “Vienna ab initio simulation package” (VASP). We present an extension of density functional theory calculations to the electronic properties of the tubes, namely the density of states obtained for the optimized geometries of the tubes. There is an energy gap of 0.772 eV between occupied and unoccupied region in the optimized structure calculation. The band gap for the semi-conducting zigzag (10,0) CNTs decreases as the strain increases. It suggests that the semiconducting CNTs may become semimetal or metal upon deformation.
Investigating Power Factor of CaMnO3 Added Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Rittiruam Meena , Vora-Ud Arthorn , Seetawan Tosawat
Published: January 2016

CaMnO3 (CMO) thermoelectric material is large Seebeck coefficient but high electrical resistivity. To reduce electrical resistivity by adding carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in CMO material and may be decreased Seebeck coefficient. In this work, we simulated electronic structure of CMO and CNTs-added CMO by DV-Xα method to investigation of power factor and enhance the thermoelectric performance. The Seebeck coefficient and electrical resistivity were calculated by Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution and Mott’s law to investigate power factor. The DV-Xa calculated show the energy level and density of state (DOS) of CMO and CNTs-added CMO demonstrated that the energy gap reduces from 3.33 eV to 0.19 eV affect to enhance the power factor of CMO with Seebeck coefficient and electrical resistivity are decreases. The power factor of CNTs-added CMO was increased with increasing CNTs content.
Photocatalytic Antibacterial Activity of TiO2 Thin Films by Spray Pyrolysis Technique
Authors: Saikaew Sasithorn , Rayayoi Siripraphat , Kaewnuam Eakgapon , Sreebunpeng Krittiya , Lertloypanyachai Prapon
Published: January 2016

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films were deposited over glass slides by using spray pyrolysis technique to inhibit the bacteria growth. The samples were characterized by XRD, AFM methods. The XRD patterns of TiO2 thin films showed the amorphous titanium dioxide phase (low crystallinity) and AFM images displayed the morphology of the constituted grains seems to be a fibrous microstructure. In this research, Escherichia coli (E.coli) was used as testing bacteria and the photocatalytic of TiO2 was excited by UV light. TiO2 thin films showed some antibacterial effect in the halo test.
Physical Properties of Copper Films Deposited by Compact-Size Magnetron Sputtering Source with Changing Magnetic Field Strength
Authors: Promros Nathaporn , Sittimart Phongsaphak , Patanoo Nattatip , Kongnithichalerm Sukrit , Horprathum Mati , Bhathumnavin Worawan , Paosawatyanyong Boonchoat
Published: January 2016

An affordable 6-cm diameter magnetron sputtering source was designed and constructed using a neodymium cylindrical permanent magnet inner stud and an outer ring magnet. Both magnets were set in isolation from a water-cooled disk behind the target. In this work, our magnetron sputtering source was employed to deposit copper thin films by changing the outer magnet ring. The outer magnate ring diameter sizes were 29 mm (I.D.)/39 mm (O.D.) and 30 mm (I.D.)/50 mm (O.D.). At the same applied bias voltage, the discharge current of the magnetron with a big outer magnet was higher than that of one with a small outer magnet. According to XRD pattern and AFM image of copper films, the degree of (111) and (200) orientations and surface roughness were increased in the case of films grown by magnetron with bigger outer magnet. The cross-sectional and plane-view SEM images showed that the grain size and film thickness were increased in the case of films grown by magnetron with bigger outer magnet. These results should be because the radial motion of secondary electron emitted from sputtering in front of target surface was increased with a bigger magnet.
Effect of ZnO Seed Layer with Various Concentrations of Precursor on the Growth of ZnO Nanostructures
Authors: Siriphongsapak Nontakoch , Denchicharoen Somyod , Limsuwan Pichet
Published: January 2016

In this work, Zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films were deposited on silicon and glass substrates using spin-coating method with different concentrations of precursor (zinc acetate dihydrate) and stabilizer (monoethanolamine). The concentrations of zinc acetate dihydrate and monoethanolamine in isopropanol were varied from 6 mM to 500 mM. Subsequently, the substrate with ZnO thin film as a seed layer was used to grow ZnO nanostructures by hydrothermal process with the same concentration of precursor (zinc nitrate hexahydrate), temperature, and time for each growth. The samples were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-rays diffractometer (XRD), and UV-visible spectrophotometer (UV-vis) to study morphology, crystallographic structure, and optical property, respectively. The results showed that particle size, crystallinity, and transmittance of seed layers were changed with increasing concentrations of spin-coated precursor. Furthermore, the nanostructures were found that higher precursor concentration of seed layers affected the formation of ZnO nanorods to be nanosheets.
Influence of Rapid Thermal Annealing on Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of ITO Thin Films
Authors: Sakulsaknimitr Wissawat , Sriboon Worasitti , Teanchai Kanyakorn , Horprathum Mati , Chananonnawathorn Chanunthorn , Patthanasettakul Viyapol , Siriprom Wichian
Published: January 2016

Indium doped tin oxide (ITO) thin films were deposited on silicon wafer (100) and glass slide by ion assisted electron beam evaporation deposition. After deposition, the ITO thin films were annealed in vacuum (100-300°C) and their structural, optical and electrical properties were systematically investigated. X-ray diffraction,atomic force microscopy, ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectrophotometer and hall-effect measurement were employed to obtain information on the crystallization, transmission and resistivity the films.It was found that the rapid thermal annealing can improve the resistivity of ITO thin films which specializes for the transparent conductive layers.
Supercapacitive Properties of Cobalt Oxide Thin Films Prepared by Electrostatic Spray Deposition Technique at Different Substrate Temperature
Authors: Chansaengsri Kasidid , Onlaor Korakot , Thiwawong Thutiyaporn , Tunhoo Benchapol
Published: January 2016

In this work, cobalt oxide thin films were prepared by electrostatic spray deposition (ESD) technique. The influence of the substrate temperatures on properties of film was investigated. Phase transformation of cobalt oxide thin films due to the effect of different substrate temperature was also observed. Cyclic voltammetry was used to measure the performance of cobalt oxide supercapacitor. At higher substrate temperature, the cobalt oxide thin films exhibit the high specific capacitance due to the effect of phase transformation in cobalt oxide films.
Electrodeposition of Manganese Oxide Nanosheets as Supercapacitor Electrode Materials
Authors: Wanchaem Tuntumrong , Rattanamai Songsak , Dulyaseree Paweena , Jarernboon Wirat , Wongwiriyapan Winadda
Published: January 2016

Manganese oxide (MnOx) thin films were prepared on stainless steel (SS) 304 by galvanostatic (GS) mode of electrodeposition technique using different precursors; 0.1 M potassium permanganate (KMnO4) and 0.1 M manganese sulfate (MnSO4) solutions. The electrodeposition condition was set at a constant current of 1 mA/cm2. Different precursors provide MnOx thin films with different morphologies. Using KMnO4 as a precursor, the MnOx thin film was deposited (MnOx-K), while using MnSO4 as a precursor, the MnOx nanosheets with a thickness of approximately 40 nm were formed (MnOx-S). XPS results evidence the formation of manganese oxide with different oxidation states composition by different precursors. Electrochemical measurements were carried out in a three-electrode setup using Pt and Ag/AgCl electrodes as counting and reference electrodes, respectively and 1M Na2SO4 aqueous solution as electrolyte. MnOx-K at a deposition time of 10 min shows the highest specific capacitance of 233.55±19.01 F/g. The specific capacitance improvement of MnOx-K may be attributed to MnOx nanosheet structure which increases surface area of electrode.
Calculation of Carrier Mobility in Copper Phthalocyanine by Simple Hopping Model
Authors: Pengmanayol Surachai , Girdpun Janit
Published: January 2016

The Monte Carlo approach is used to calculate carrier mobility in molecular copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) with applied electric field in the range of 0.5 to 20 × 103 kV/cm. Density functional theory (DFT) is employed to derive the molecular interaction between neighboring molecules with various applied electric fields. The result of DFT calculation to evaluate transfer integral that used to calculate hopping rate in the range of applied electric fields. The charge transfer rate between adjacent molecules can be estimated by using the Marcus–Levich–Jortner (MLJ) formalism. The charge is assumed to be localized on the donor and then transferred to the acceptor. Tunneling is modeled by including selected vibration modes at the quantum mechanical level. The result of hopping rate is in ordered of 1015 s-1 for hole hopping in direction of applied electric field on the contrary hopping rate in ordered of 1014 s-1. The result of mobility can be calculated in range of 0.44 - 10.0 cm2/Vs decrease as a function of applied electric field that calculated by simple hopping model.
Effect of Bismuth Glass Filling Treatment on Physical Properties of Natural Ruby
Authors: Kittiauchawal Kantapat , Raungtaweep Y. , Kaewkhao Jakrapong
Published: January 2016

This research aims to investigate the effects of bismuth glass filling treatment on physical properties of natural ruby. The ruby mixed with bismuth glass powder was treated in electric furnace at 1000, 1100, 1200 and 1300°C in oxygen atmosphere for 24 hours, respectively. Each ruby before heated and after heated was determined reflective index and specific gravity. Fissure and inclusion of all samples were observed by optical microscope. The result reveals that reflective index and specific gravity of treated rubies were increased more than before treatment. Moreover, the result shows that the fissure surface on ruby was filled by glass and made clear surface.
Effect of Li2O and Na2O on Optical Properties of Bismuth Borate Glasses
Authors: Sangwaranatee Narong , Kaewkhao Jakrapong , Ruangtaweep Yotsakit
Published: January 2016

In this work, effect of Li2O and Na2O on bismuth borate glasses have been investigated. The glass samples were prepared in composition 44B2O3 : 50Bi2O3 : 5Li2O : 1A2O3 and 44B2O3 : 50Bi2O3 : 5Na2O3 : 1A2O3 (where A2O3= Sm2O3 and Dy2O3).Glasses were prepared using the melt-quenching technique at 1,100 oc under normal atmosphere. The result found that, the density and molar volume of lithium bismuth borate glasses are less than sodium bismuth borate glasses both in Sm2O3 and Dy2O3. In addition, the optical absorption spectra and luminescence of lithium bismuth borate glasses are higher than sodium bismuth borate glasses both in Sm2O3 and Dy2O3.
Study of the Structures and Physical Properties of Calcium Borophosphate Glass Containing Transition Metal Oxides
Authors: Thiemsorn Worapong , Tungyai Tida , Hessenkemper Heiko
Published: January 2016

This research objected to study the effects of CeO2, Sb2O3 and CoO on the structures and properties of calcium borophosphate glass (CBF) in ternary system 0.42CaO-0.06B2O3-0.52P2O5. The batches were melted at 1200 °C with 5 °C /min for 1 h in an electric furnace. The melts were regular bulk formed by pouring into a stainless mold and were immediately transferred to an annealing lehr at 550 °C for 2 h for testing the properties. The structures and physical properties were investigated. The results showed that all doped CBF glass were completely melted representing only one broad peak in XRD patterns. The structural observations revealed the major units are cross-linking B-O-P and B-O-B triangle and B-O-B tetrahedral units. The dense packing of structural or the shorter phosphate chain length and whether the branching group were achieved as the series CeO2>Sb2O3>CoO. The density, refractive index, glossy, Abbe number increased slightly with increasing of transition oxide concentrations as the series CeO2>Sb2O3>CoO. The microhardness also increased with increasing the concentration of transition oxides as the series CeO2<Sb2O3<CoO due to CoO act as glass-network formers stronger than Sb2O3 and CeO2
Development of Nanohole Array Patterned by Laser Interference Lithography Technique
Authors: Srisuai N. , Horprathum Mati , Eiamchai P. , Chindaudom P. , Boonruang S. , Denchitcharoen Somyod
Published: January 2016

Periodic nanohole pattern was created in spin-coated photoresist S1805 on Si substrates by Laser Interference Lithography (LIL). Wavelength of a laser source used in the optical system is 442 nm with the photon energy 2.80 eV. The system was set up to employ two laser beams from a beam splitter to generate interference pattern and expose to the photoresist. There are two parameters (incident angle and exposure time) which are determined due to affecting the ordering and feature of nanohole array. Therefore, the relation of these two parameters and actual dose were investigated and theoretically analyzed to optimize the resolution of LIL technique for nanoholes. The prepared samples after developing in the M26A for 5 sec were analyzed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The results show that the pitch of the pattern is 440 nm and the smallest hole size is 190 nm The best feature is found for a laser fluence of 140 mJ/cm2. This nanohole array patterned by LIL consists of periodic nanostructures for high density storage to fabricate various nanodevices.
Luminescence and Scintillation Response of Ce3+-Doped Oxide Glasses with High Gd2O3 Content
Authors: Lertloypanyachai Prapon , Pattanaboonmee Nakarin , Chewpraditkul Weerapong , Chen Dan Ping , Babin Vladimir , Nikl Martin
Published: January 2016

This report presents the luminescence and scintillation response of Ce3+-doped oxide glasses with high Gd2O3 (30 mol%) content. The characteristic emission of Ce3+ 5d → 4f transition peaking around 380 nm was observed in its luminescence spectra under UV and X-ray excitation. Photoluminescence decay kinetics was governed by a few tens of nanoseconds decay time. The integral scintillation efficiency of about 22% of that of the Bi4Ge3O12 scintillator was obtained under X-ray irradiation. The light yield and its dependence on the integration time were measured and compared with that of the Bi4Ge3O12 crystal. The total mass attenuation coefficient at 662 keV γ-rays was also determined and compared with the theoretical one calculated using the WinXCom program.
Photon Interactions Study of Bi2O3-Na2O-CaO-SiO2-B2O3 Glasses
Authors: Limkitjaroenporn Pruittipol , Cheewasukhanont Wasu , Boonin Kitipun , Kaewkhao Jakrapong
Published: January 2016

The Bi2O3 doped with soda lime borosilicate glasses in composition xBi2O3 : 15Na2O : 10CaO : 20B2O3 : (55-x)SiO2 at different concentrations (x = 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 mol%) were studied the photon interactions. The total mass attenuation coefficient, coherent, incoherent, photoelectric absorption and pair production of prepared were studies using WinXcom Program at 1keV to 2MeV. The result of total mass attenuation coefficient and photoelectric absorption were decreases but discontinue because of photoelectric absorption edge at low energy. The photoelectric effect shows the main interaction at the low energy and decrease with increasing of photon energy. The higher photon energy the incoherent scattering found to be the main interaction. But at the photon energy 1.022 MeV, the pair production will be occurs and found to be the main interaction at the photon energy higher than 1.022 MeV.
Theoretical Investigation on Radiation Properties of Calcium-Silico-Borate Glasses Doped with Varying Lu2O3 Concentration
Authors: Kirdsiri Keerati , Kaewkhao Jakrapong
Published: January 2016

In this work, the well-known program WinXCom have been performed over 1 keV to 20 MeV to obtain the radiation properties (in case of theoretical calculation) of calcium-silico-borate glass system containing Lu2O3 in the composition of xLu2O3 : 10.0CaO : 10.0SiO2 : (80.0-x)B2O3 with x are Lu2O3 concentrations varying from 0.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0, and 25.0 mol%. The total mass attenuation and partial attenuation coefficients have been studied as functions of chemical compositions and incoming photon energies. In addition, the obtained data were then used to compute the effective atomic numbers and effective electron densities. The calculated results show the variation of both parameters with photon energy.
Characterization and Analyzation of Chitosan from Anadara granosa Shell
Authors: Teanchai Kanyakorn , Witit-Anun Nirun , Chaikhun Surasing
Published: January 2016

This research work aims at characterize and analysis the physical and chemical properties of chitosan which derived from the Anadara granosa Shell. The physical and chemical properties have been also discussed in detail with X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence (EDXRF). The result showed that the XRD pattern indicated the Anadara granosa shell have crystalline structure of CaCO3 in Aragonite phase, while chitosan powder which extract from Anadara granosa shell has amorphous-crystalline structure. Another that, FTIR results confirmed the deeply formation of intermolecular bonding between the functional groups of the sample which the spectrum of FTIR indicate that the characteristic feature of Aragonite phase with the band of FTIR at ~1083 while the band at ~1653 were agree with chitosan polysaccharide. In addition, the EDXRF result were indicated that the concentrations of organic compounds in chitosan which extract from Anadara granosa shell have concentration is 33.581Wt% while the Anadara granosa shell have 0.033 Wt%. For Calcium (Ca) element the chitosan powder have concentration is 66.157 Wt% while the Anadara granosa shell have 99.850 Wt%.
Characterization the Raw Material of Filler in Cellulose Film
Authors: Montree Anusorn , Teanchai Kanyakorn , Siriprom Wichian
Published: January 2016

The aim of this study is preliminary survey the natural material and investigates physicochemical properties of cellulose and chicken eggshell. The chickeneggshell as natural material which used as film filler in the cellulose/CaCO3 biocomposite. The potential and the possibilities of chicken eggshell to use as filler were studied with three conventional analysis techniques, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. It was found that the structural of chicken eggshell have calcites phase and the structural of cellulose have amorphous crystalline phase while the chemical composition of both material were investigated by EDXRF which show the organic compound as major element in cellulose but in chicken eggshell the major element is organic compound and calcium (Ca) element. The deeply investigate molecular composition by FT-IR which show the characteristic feature have been studied.
Cobalt-Doped ZnO Powders by a Simple Solid-State Method
Authors: Panyajirawut Pongladda , Srithep Kitiya , Namsa Chanatda , Kitcharoen Rawiporn , Pecharapa Wisanu
Published: January 2016

Cobalt-doped ZnO powders with various dopant concentrations were synthesized using a simple-solid method. ZnO and Co3O4 powders were employed as the precursors. The powders were annealed at 500 - 900 °C in air. The crystal structural and magnetic properties were studied by means of XRD and VSM, respectively. The XRD patterns show the hexagonal wurtzite structure of the powders. The magnetic measurements by H-M loops reveal the combination of paramagnetism and ferromagnetism as well as the influence of Co dopant to magnetic properties of Zn1-xCoxO.
Cordierite Composites Using New Source of Waste; Sludge Cake from Cosmetic Industry in Thailand
Authors: Rattanavadi Suraphan
Published: January 2016

Waste recycling was interested to both industrial and academic sectors. This study focuses on the use of sludge cake from wastewater treatment plant of a cosmetic industry as Magnesium oxide source. Cordierite obtains good chemical corrosion resistance, fine mechanical properties, good thermal conductivity, and most of all low coefficient of thermal expansion (COE) which is needed for ceramics industry. Magnesium is one of the main materials in cordierite, can be attained from different sources. In this research, Sludge cake from cosmetic industry was used as Magnesium sources for cordierite synthesis. The raw materials were ground, pressed, and sintered between 1200°C to 1325°C for 1 hour. The sampleswere investigated by X-ray diffraction technique and tested for thermal shock resistance, firing shrinkage, and water absorption. The XRD patterns showed that the increasing intensity of cordierite phase, the higher firing temperature presented the greater of cordierite phases. The findings were confirmed by the peaks of cordierite at 2q of 10.41° of samples when fired at 1325°C. It can be concluded that cordierite could be synthesized by using raw material from waste with other commercial raw material in different temperatures. Results showed that the sludge cake from wastewater treatment plant of Cosmetic Industry in Thailand is a promising as raw material and beneficial to Thai ceramics industry in terms of cost saving, competitiveness and environmental.
Effect of Sintering Temperature on Electrical Properties of SFN Ceramics Doped with Al Prepared by a Solid-State Reaction Technique
Authors: Phatungthane Thanatep , Sanjoom Kachaporn , Sweatman Denis Russell , Samran Buagun , Randorn Chamnan , Rujijanagul Gobwute
Published: January 2016

In the present work, strontium iron niobate SrFe0.5Nb0.5O3 ceramics doped with aluminum were synthesized by a solid-state reaction technique. Phase formation investigation by X-ray diffraction technique (XRD) revealed that all ceramics exhibited pure perovskite phase with orthorhombic symmetry. Grain size observed by electron microscopy (SEM) was found to increase with increasing sintering temperature. The electrical properties and related parameters of the ceramics were also measured. The ceramics exhibit very good dielectric behavior and have a significant potential for dielectric applications.
Effects of Dwell Time Sintering on Microstructure, Piezoelectric and Mechanical Properties of Modified BNT-Based Ceramics
Authors: Manotham Supalak , Phatungthane Thanatep , Tunkasiri Tawee , Chokethawat Komsanti
Published: January 2016

The properties of modified Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 (BNT) based lead-free ceramics were investigated. The BNT-based ceramics were prepared by a two-steps sintering method. The ceramics were sintered at T1=1373 K and T2= 1173 K for various dwell times (0, 2, 4, and 8h). The properties of the ceramics were characterized by many techniques. The ceramic samples exhibited a pure perovskite phase with rhombohedral symmetry. The microstructural analysis by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM), indicated that all ceramics had a similar microstructure. Piezoelectric and mechanical properties of the ceramics were improved at a suitable dwell time at T2.
Experimental and Theoretical Study of Heat Transport Parameters of Plasters Containing Pozzolanic Admixtures
Authors: Fiala Lukáš , Čáchová Monika , Vejmelková Eva , Černý Robert
Published: January 2016

Measurements of basic materials properties of building materials with pozzolanic waste admixture originated from grinding of thermally insulating bricks were performed by means of pycnometry method. Besides, the thermal conductivity dependence on the moisture content measurements were carried out by using a non-stationary pulse method. Obtained data were subsequently analyzed by simple Wiener’s bounds and sophisticated homogenization formula taking into account the shape of ellipsoidal pore inclusions. Validity of applied homogenization models were assessed by comparison of the measured and the calculated data. On the basis of experimental data and homogenization analysis, the shape effect on the thermal conductivity is discussed.
Growth and Characterization of Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate (ADP) Doped with H3BO3 Crystals Grown by Slow Evaporation Method
Authors: Thongpanit Pratya , Chewpraditkul Weerapong , Pattanaboonmee Nakarin
Published: January 2016

Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) crystals is very interesting due to its nonlinear optical property. This study investigated on improving of material for academic use by adding boric acid to modify ADP crystals. Slow evaporation method in aqueous solutions of pure ADP and ADP doped with three concentrations of H3BO3 as 0.1, 1.0, 5.0 %wt were studied. The grown crystals were confirmed tetragonal structure by powder X-ray diffraction studies. The FTIR spectrum analysis presented various functional groups of boron in three conditions of doped ADP. TGA study was comfirned the temperature stability at 220 °C for both pure and doped ADP crytals. The machanical stress was analyzed by Vicker’s hardness measurement. The results of this analysis showed boric acid doped 1.0 %wt had superior machanical stress from 10 to 75 grams. ADP doped with boric acid at 1.0 %wt was accepted in all test properties.
Oxidation Behavior of 30wt.%Cr-3.75wt.%V High Chromium Cast Iron
Authors: Wiengmoon Amporn , Nakpratum Jeerapat , Chairuangsri Torranin , Pearce John T.H.
Published: January 2016

This work focuses on the oxidation behavior of 2.4wt.%C-30wt.%Cr-3.75wt.%V cast iron in air at 1000 °C for 1-48 h with weight gain measurements taken at different times. The oxidized surfaces and cross sections were characterized by XRD, OM, SEM and EDS. It was found that the as-cast microstructure consisted of a ferritic matrix and M7C3 carbide. The surface oxide scale consisted of multi-oxides and the grain size of the oxides increased with increasing holding times. XRD and SEM-EDS results revealed that the multi-oxide layer can be Cr2O3, (Fe,Cr,V)2O3 and SiO2. After about 48 h, a continuous SiO2 inner-layer was observed and the oxide scale tended to swell, contained pores, and became detached from the surface because of its poor adherence.