bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A system-structural approach to the formation of conceptual thinking of students at the level of secondary general education
Authors: Glebova Marina V.
Published: August 2020

One of the targets of the Federal state educational standard of General secondary education is the training of creative and critical thinking of high school graduates who know the basics of scientific methods of cognition of the world, motivated for creativity and innovation. The leading component of creativity is intelligence, allowing with high efficiency to solve mental tasks, including a limited amount of information. Therefore, the problem of intellectual development of students, which is directly related to the formation of their conceptual thinking, acquires a special significance in modern general education school. From the standpoint of system-structural approach the formation of conceptual thinking is at school age in the development of academic disciplines, built on the conceptual principle of the scientific method and ways of the actions inherent in the particular subject. Conceptual thinking in this approach is viewed as a systemic quality that has the properties of multidimensionality, multilevelity and dynamism, which includes personal and cognitive constructs. According to the principle of structure, conceptual thinking is a mental function, which is not only structured, but also included in structure of the personality. On the basis of theoretical and empirical data, the dialectical interrelation of the logical and psychological aspects of thinking is considered. It is shown that the growth of the reproductive (logical) component of thinking has a significant positive impact on the development of creative thinking of students. Also the author identifies verbal-logical method of learning as strategic component of the educational process that establishes the relationship between all components of the pedagogical system aimed at developing conceptual thinking of students. From the standpoint of the system-structural approach the peculiarities of development of conceptual thinking of students of 10–11 grades of secondary school are characterized: structuring of the content of education based on the principle of scientific presentation of information, orientation of cognitive activity of students in the direction of mastering the methods and laws of scientific knowledge, the formation of logical qualities of thinking through the verbal and logical method of teaching, in-depth subject and logical training of teaching staff.
Text-momentum in modern text-oriented educational paradigm
Authors: Shelyapina Irina I.
Published: August 2020

The article substantiates the concept of “text momentum” and the need for its introduction into practice of modern methods of teaching Russian language; the possibilities of using text as an impulse in the process of creating and solving educational situations as well as the motivational role of the journalistic text in the lesson with linguistic and cultural characteristics of the text; gives an example of working with such a journalistic text.
The use of neurostimulation in the correction of sound pronunciation in preschool children with dysarthric disorders
Authors: Popova Elena F.
Published: August 2020

The article considers the mechanisms and types of neurostimulation (direct and indirect effect) that contribute to the development of the kinetic and kinesthetic basis for sound reproduction in children with minimal dysarthric disorders, used in modern speech therapy.
Keywords: minimal dysarthric disorders, types of neurostimulation, kinetic and kinesthetic basis of speech, correction of sound pronunciation, direct and indirect effects, bioenergetics, kinesiotherapy, cerebellar stimulation, point massage, hydro-kinesiotherapy, Bobath therapy, taping.
Development of teacher assessment competence as a pedagogical problem
Authors: Vladimirova Larisa M.
Published: August 2020

The article refers to the use of a system for assessing educational achievements of students as an important component of the evaluative competence of a teacher. The use of different methods of formative and summative assessment in the teacher’s evaluating activity is very important for the objectivity of evaluating all planned results, which leads to an increase in the quality of students’ learning. The article considers the comparison of the content of formative and summative assessment Modern quality of education focuses on teachers’ readiness to solve professional tasks of both teaching activities and tasks related to the assessment of educational achievements, which undoubtedly contributes to the development of evaluation competence of the teacher himself. In order for the educational activity to be effective, it is important to constantly monitor and evaluate the educational results of students in accordance with the set learning objectives. It is important in the implementation of the evaluation system to apply modern approaches that allow to meet all the requirements of the organization of educational activities.
Higher Education under the Conditions of Complexity and Uncertainty of the World: Post-non-classical Development Strategies and Personal Dimension
Authors: Mielkov Iurii
Published: August 2020

The situation of the contemporary world possesses such features that can be denoted by the acronym VUCA: volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity. The fundamental nonlinearity of the development of both nature and society turns into the inconsistency of the future with the usual and anticipated ideas of the humankind – and into changes in the philosophical understanding of the essence and strategies of higher education. Under the conditions of instability and unpredictability, any «ready-made» knowledge is irrelevant, it is quickly becoming obsolete; subsequently, the knowledge and skills acquired by a graduate of a higher education institution are no longer decisive for his or her competence: their place is rather being taken by the ability to create new forms of knowledge and skills in accordance with rapidly changing circumstances. In other words, in obedience to the human-dimensionality of the post-classical type of rationality, in a situation of uncertainty and risk, the human personality, the level of his or her general cultural development becomes especially valuable, – and the task of higher education becomes to educate a person capable of living in a world of complexity and uncertainty, capable of evaluating all the risks in a much wider perspective than any one single discipline or professional field. An important factor in this task is the transition to student-centered learning, i.e., focusing the educational process on student personality, but on teacher personality as well – contrary to the linear-modern orientation on the formality of learning, on standard, stable and constant educational trajectories. And it is philosophy that now possesses particular importance in the structure of the educational process, as a factor of successful formation of a full-fledged personality of a HEI graduate, able to deal with new, unusual things and phenomena - in other words, able to think creatively, critically and independently.
信息化教学背景下的师生互动策略---以《计算机网络基础》课程为例
Authors: 朱 星梅
Published: August 2020

在信息化教学背景下，师生互动方式也应与时俱进，开拓创新。在教学过程中，利用丰富的信息化手段拉近师生之间的距离，创造良性的师生互动氛围，引导师生为了共同的目标合作奋进，才能最大程度地提高教学效率。在《计算机网络基础》课程的教学中，充分利用信息化方法提高师生互动的质量，不仅能化解该课程理论知识多、技术难理解的难题，更能在学好本课程的基础上，为后续相关专业课程的学习打下扎实的基础。
新时代青年学生劳动教育的关照与反思
Authors: 姜 峭帆
Published: August 2020

新时代加强劳动教育要充分发挥好学校、家庭、社会三者的协同育人作用。在学校层面要充分利用好第一课堂、第二课堂开展好劳动教育，并积极推进校企合作，将学生的知识技能及时有效地转化为劳动技能；在家庭层面，家长要为青年学生树立爱劳动的榜样，鼓励和引导青年学生从事家庭和社会劳动；在社会层面，要充分发挥好劳模精神和工匠精神在引导广大青年成长成才中的重要作用，提高广大青年的劳动意识和奉献精神，为实现中华民族伟大复兴贡献力量。
开辟中国化马克思主义青年观新境界的四个维度
Authors: 纪 荣
Published: August 2020

站在中国百年未有之大变革的新时代，中国化马克思主义青年观的创新与发展回答了“青年时代之问”，符合新时代发展要求和自身理论创新的内在需求。坚持历史逻辑与当代现实相统一、理论继承与时代创新相统一、青年成才的规律和时代发展变化相统一、个体发展与构建人类命运共同体相统一四个维度，对深刻认识青年时代之问的内涵和开辟中国化马克思主义青年观新境界具有重要理论意义，对充分引导青年实现中国现代化强国和中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦征程中努力奋斗具有重要现实意义。
老年重度焦虑治疗同期施行人性化护理管理的临床价值
Authors: 巩 梦莹
Published: August 2020

目的：探究老年重度焦虑患者治疗过程中实施人性化护理的应用价值。方法：以82例老年重度焦虑患者为例，时间为2019年3月-2020年4月，采取摸球法均分为两组，以实施常规护理的41例患者为对照组，实施人性化护理的41例患者为观察组，对比两组满意度与护理前后的HAMA（汉密顿焦虑量表）、GQOLI-74评分（生活质量综合评定问卷）。结果：两组满意度比较，观察组总满意度为95.12%，对照组总满意度为68.29%，观察组高于对照组（P
农耕文化在涉农高职院校思想政治教育中的价值意蕴研究
Authors: 陈 洁 , 欧阳 紫榕
Published: August 2020

乡村振兴战略对涉农高职院校人才培养提出新要求。从家国情怀、进取精神、实践精神和创新精神等方面深入分析了农耕文化在涉农高职院校思想政治教育中的价值意蕴，并从对农耕文化的认知、情感认同情况以及传承农耕文化的现实情况等角度进行现状调查分析，阐述了涉农高职院校在传承农耕文化中存在着思想认知不到位、传承内容缺乏系统性和传承方式较为单一等主要问题，指出今后农耕文化在涉农高职院校思想政治教育中的传承路径，主要有开发校本教材培育“农情”、拓展实践服务雕琢“农技”、挖掘榜样示范塑造“农心”和借助新媒体平台普及“农知”。
Pre-operative spine embolisation for spinal tumors and metastases: 6 years experience at pusat perubatan universiti kebangsaan Malaysia.
Authors: Mohd Yaakob Mohd Naim , Muda Ahmad Sobri , Nik Ismail Nik Azuan
Published: August 2020

Objective: Our aim is to determine the average intraoperative blood loss in patients who underwent pre-operative spinal tumour embolisation in PPUKM from 2010 until 2016 and to compare with other centres from literature review.

Material And Methodology: 15 patients in PPUKM with spinal tumour and spinal metastatic disease underwent pre-operative embolisation before palliative spinal surgery between 2010 and 2016 in PPUKM. Intraoperative blood loss during palliative spinal surgery was documented obtaining the average and median blood loss. Secondary analyses were made on the amount of intraoperative blood loss in comparison to the embolisation materials, degree of embolisation completion, primary malignancy, level of spinal metastatic involvement and total operating time.

Result: The average and median intraoperative blood loss during palliative spinal surgery were 1480mls and 1000mls respectively, which is comparable with other centre from literature review. Significant difference is noted in intraoperative blood loss between the different embolisation materials used (P<0.01). 10 patients had complete embolisation and 4 patients had incomplete embolisation with significant difference in terms of blood loss between these 2 groups with P value of <0.01. There was significant positive correlation between operating time and intra-operative blood loss, whereby the longer the operation, the higher the amount of blood loss.

Conclusion: The average intraoperative blood loss in patients with pre-operative spinal tumour embolisation in PPUKM is comparable to other centres from literature review thus pre-operative tumour embolisation can reduce perioperative haemorrhage. However, larger study is needed to further analyse correlation between these factors in affecting intraoperative blood loss.
As múltiplas possibilidades do Ensino de Sociologia
Authors: Fontes Barbara
Published: August 2020

Encerramos o primeiro semestre de 2020 com múltiplas preocupações decorrentes da pandemia da COVID-19, que surpreendeu a todas e todos. Nesse contexto, o âmbito educacional é um ponto crítico, uma vez que o cerne de nossas atividades é permeado de mediação, contato e aglomeração de pessoas. Em meio a esse cenário difícil e delicado, chegamos à 25ª edição da Perspectiva Sociológica: A revista de professores de Sociologia com a convicção de que, em condições adequadas também para o trabalho docente, a nossa disciplina tem uma grande potência didático-pedagógica. Intitulada As múltiplas possibilidades do ensino de Sociologia, esta edição vem afirmar a diversidade de ferramentas teórico-metodológicas para a construção da relação de ensino-aprendizagem, enriquecida pela tríade das Ciências Sociais na Sociologia escolar.
O uso de filmes em aulas de Sociologia
Authors: Yashinishi Bruno José
Published: August 2020

O presente artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre o uso do cinema em sala de aula na disciplina de Sociologia para as séries do Ensino Médio. Com a relevância social que desenvolveu ao longo dos anos, o cinema tornou-se objeto das investigações sociológicas em vários aspectos, um deles é seu uso no processo educativo. Um filme pode ser tomado como recurso didático nas aulas de Sociologia ao passo que possibilita uma análise crítica e reflexiva sobre importantes aspectos da sociedade, ainda mais quando o seu uso nas aulas estabelece relação com os conteúdos sociológicos estudados na disciplina. No entanto, o professor que opte por utilizar essa fonte audiovisual em suas aulas deve preparar com antecedência um roteiro específico para esse tipo de abordagem. Sendo assim, o artigo trará algumas reflexões sobre a relação entre Sociologia e cinema, sobre o uso de filmes em sala de aula e uma sugestão de elaboração do roteiro para observação de filmes na disciplina de Sociologia proposta por Josefa Alexandrina da Silva (2015).
Desnaturalizando a barbárie: o ensino dos conceitos de biopoder e necropoder na educação básica
Authors: Costa Bárbara Rossin
Published: August 2020

Neste artigo, descrevo um relato de experiência sobre o ensino dos conceitos de biopoder e necropoder com alunos do terceiro ano do ensino médio do Colégio Pedro II – Campus Centro, localizado na cidade do Rio de Janeiro (RJ). Em linhas gerais, apresento uma síntese dos conceitos, o trabalho de transposição didática (o processo de seleção de materiais, recursos e fontes para a preparação da aula) e a dinâmica vivenciada com os alunos em sala. A partir desses materiais, espero facilitar o contato de outros docentes com o tema, bem como promover uma sensibilização sobre a importância de se colocar em pauta a gestão da vida e da morte na educação básica. A experiência relatada é resultado de uma aula experimental, ministrada em 2019, durante meu período como estagiária docente do curso de Licenciatura em Ciências Sociais da UFRJ. Ela se insere dentro de uma agenda escolar mais ampla, preocupada em desenvolver uma imaginação sociológica sobre os dispositivos de poder e as técnicas políticas destinadas à vida e à morte na contemporaneidade.
DOCÊNCIA NO ENSINO SUPERIOR: DIDÁTICA DOCENTE COMO OTIMIZADOR NA FORMAÇÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA
Authors: Andrade de Souza Jean Cesar , Cunha dos Santos Amanda , Andrade de Souza Joana Roseli
Published: August 2020

Atualmente, a Didática é definida como ato de ensinar, de fazer pensar, de transpassar ideias e conhecimentos, revelando seu cerne quando é empregue como meio de transformação de pessoas, em cidadãos. Apesar de ser detectada em diversos cortes da antiguidade, somente no século XVII, foi-lhe atribuída tal nomenclatura. Desde então, a Didática passou a ser retratada como teoria de ensino tangente aos níveis de ensino. Diante disso, o objetivo do presente artigo foi analisar a importância da Didática como elemento otimizador da formação universitária. Para tal, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura nas bases de dados SCIELO, PERIÓDICOS CAPES, BDTD, REPOSITÓRIO INSTITUCIONAL DA UFJF e MICROSOFT ACADEMIC, por artigos publicados entre 2010 e 2019; nos idiomas: português, inglês e espanhol, utilizando os seguintes descritores: Ensino Superior, Didática e docência. Após a aplicação dos filtros, definidos como fatores de exclusão, foram selecionados 10 artigos que foram lidos na integra. Os resultados demonstraram que a Didática pode se mostrar de inúmeras maneiras, muitas vezes marginalizadas, entretanto, quando direcionada ao saber ensinar e como se ensina, esta revela sua real importância para o sucesso do processo ensino-aprendizagem dos diferentes níveis de ensino, em especial no Ensino Superior. Portanto, conclui-se que a Didática enquanto prática de ensinar, e não como disciplina, conforme abordada neste estudo, ainda se apresenta como a melhor maneira de otimizar e intermediar comunicação satisfatória entre professor e aluno.
COMPARAÇÃO ENTRE FACILITAÇÃO NEUROMUSCULAR PROPRIOCEPTIVA E ALONGAMENTO ESTÁTICO NA FLEXIBILIDADE EM GINASTAS
Authors: Lamin Francisquinho Mariane , Bandeira Lima Flávia Évellin , Pereira Camila
Published: August 2020

Tendo em vista a necessidade de grande amplitude de movimento em atletas de ginástica artística, viu-se a imprescindibilidade de exercícios de alongamento efetivos para tal modalidade. O objetivo foi comparar duas técnicas de alongamento, Facilitação Neuromuscular Proprioceptiva (FNP) e Alongamento Estático Passivo, para melhora do movimento de espacate. Foram avaliadas trinta e uma ginastas com idades de cinco a doze anos que frequentam o Pólo de Ginástica Artística de Jacarezinho – PR. Para avaliar a amplitude de movimento foi utilizado um flexímetro (marca Code), foram realizadas ainda medidas de estatura (cm), peso (kg) e cálculos do índice de massa corporal (IMC). As avaliações foram feitas antes de qualquer intervenção e após quatro semanas (doze sessões) de intervenção. Os dados foram testados quanto à normalidade de distribuição por meio do teste de Shapiro-Wilk, para a comparação das duas avaliações foi utilizado o teste t de Student para amostras dependentes e para a comparação das duas técnicas de alongamento foi utilizado o test t de Student para amostras independentes. O grupo Um (G1) que sofreu intervenção com a técnica de FNP teve resultados significativos entre a avaliação pré e pós, apenas na abdução do lado esquerdo e adução do lado direito não foi observada diferença. O grupo Dois (G2), o qual realizou alongamento estático passivo também apresentou diferença significativa, não sendo detectada essa significância apenas no movimento de adução do lado direito. Conclusão: A comparação entre as duas técnicas não apontou diferenças significativas e ambas foram eficientes no aumento da amplitude do movimento.
MANEJO DE ENFERMAGEM NO CONTROLE DA DOR NO PACIENTE ONCOLÓGICO
Authors: Penha Joaquim Rangel Lucio , De Oliveira Cleide Correia , Leite Diógenes Bezerra
Published: August 2020

A dor oncológica é frequentemente progressiva e incapacitante. A maioria dos pacientes diagnosticados com câncer irá vivenciar alguma experiência álgica no decorrente de seu tratamento ou evolução da doença. Nesse sentido, este estudo objetivou analisar através da revisão da literatura o manejo de enfermagem para o controle da dor em pacientes oncológicos. No intuito de alcançar esse objetivo foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura, realizando as buscas na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde-BVS. Foram utilizados os Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS): “Cancer Pain” e seu correspondente em português “Dor Oncológica”; e “Nursing Care” e seu correspondente em português “Cuidado de Enfermagem”. Foram encontrados 16 estudos, tendo sido selecionados para o estudo após a aplicação dos critérios de exclusão nove. No estudo pode-se perceber que o manejo da dor pela enfermagem em pacientes oncológicos tem sido um desafio para a prática de cuidados levando em consideração, a gravidade do problema e a subjetividade do fenômeno álgico. Os resultados evidenciaram um predomínio das atividades de gerenciamento dos métodos de controle da dor, onde o enfermeiro e sua equipe investem cuidados no monitoramento e avaliação da dor.
Maurizio Tani, La chiesa di Akureyri: Guida storico-artistica alla parrocchiale luterana della «capitale del nord» (Grafarvogur: Snorri Sturluson, 2010)
Authors: Adalsteinsson Gisli
Published: August 2020

This booklet is about Akureyri’s main Lutheran church Akuureyrarkirkja (hereafter Akureyri church), its history and artwork, and it is written in Italian.
Responsibility and Capitalism. A Phenomenological Way to Approach the Economic Crisis
Authors: Ferro Floriana
Published: August 2020

The Western world is presently afflicted by a huge economic crisis, started in 2007 in the United States, with the collapse of the subprime mortgage market, and exploded in 2008 with the breakdown of Lehman Brothers[1]. Even if its most critical stage seems to be finished, capitalist countries find it difficult to recover. Globalization exported the effects of the crisis everywhere, but those that suffered the greatest damages are Europe and North America. The collapse of some financial companies is only the top of a huge iceberg. The crisis has roots in something deeper, in the principles and mechanisms of capitalism itself. The Western part of the world is still paying not for the mistakes of a few executives, but for a general lack of ethics in the whole system.
Comparison of Johnson’s Method with Hadlock’s Method for Estimation of Fetal Weight in Term Pregnancies
Authors: Pradhan Peru , Neupane Binita , Shrestha Sona , Dangal Ganesh
Published: August 2020

Background: Fetal weight estimation is of utmost need to determine the course of labour and complications for its management. This study intents to compare the fetal weight determined through Johnson’s method and Hadlock’s method with actual birth weight in term pregnancies. Methods: This is an observational study carried out over a period of six months in Kirtipur Hospital among 200 samples of term, singleton pregnancy with cephalic presentation using convenience sampling technique.Results: The mean maternal age was 25.9±4.3 years whereas mean gestational age was 39.1 weeks. Less than half (49.1%) of the babies’ weight ranged between 3.0 - 3.5 kgs. The mean error of estimated weight by Johnson’s method was less compared to Hadlock’s method 185.1±191.1 grams and 355.8±225.7 grams respectively. It was also observed that estimation of fetal weight by Johnson’s method was closer to the actual birth weight than by Hadlock’s method.Conclusions: Johnson’s method requires some basic skills and knowledge with flexibility to apply as and where needed beyond the health facilities irrespective of the availability of the equipment. Furthermore, it was also observed to be slightly more specific in its estimation of birth weight among the term pregnancies compared to Hadlock’s method. Hence, it should be promoted widely among the clinicians. However, Hadlock’s method is equally important for detection of anomalies and high-risk factors coupled with confirmation of the estimation made through Johnson’s method.Keywords: Actual birth weight; estimated fetal weight; hadlock’s method; johnson’s method.
Are Health Agencies Designated as Research Centers in Nepal Conducting Adequate Researches ?
Authors: Sah Arun Kumar , Belbase Pradeep , Pandey Ashok , Jha Anjani Kumar
Published: August 2020

Background: In Nepal, promoting quality research and enhancing research capacity is being accomplished through Nepal Health Research Council (NHRC). It also plays an authorized body to regulate, monitor and coordinate health research centers by maintaining the highest level of ethical standards. The aim of this study is to explore situation of health agencies designated as research center in Nepal.Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study design was used to carry out monitoring and follow up of activities of research centre of all seven provinces of Nepal that had title “Research” in their title name from January 2018 to July 2018.Results: There were only 81 research centers in Nepal and more than half (55 percent) of these have been found in Kathmandu valley, Province 3. Research found that 82.3% so called research centers were just health service provider and 10% of research institute were research based and just 5% have the core objectives of research. Likewise, 30% of research institute were actually involved in health related researches whereas large proportion (70%) of research institute were not involved in any kind of research work. Surprisingly, only 37.5% have taken ethical approval to conduct the designated research. Conclusions: Only one tenth of the research centers have mentioned research as their core business. However, less than one third of such centers were involved in heath research, and out of which, only 28 percent took ethical permission. Most of the research organizations want to conduct research but they do not have required research skills and competent manpower to carry out research.Keywords: Health research centers; monitoring; Nepal.
Экспериментальное определение эффективности тушения пожара класса B пеной низкой кратности, генерируемой розеточными оросителями
Authors: Камлюк Андрей Николаевич , Лихоманов Алексей Олегович , Грачулин Александр Владимирович
Published: August 2020

Цель. Установить взаимосвязь между кратностью и устойчивостью воздушно-механической пены (пены) низкой кратности, генерируемой в розеточных оросителях для автоматических установок пожаротушения, а также разработать методику и провести натурные испытания пенных и водопенных оросителей, на основании результатов которых выполнить сравнительную оценку эффективности тушения пеной, генерируемой каждым из них.

Методы. Метод регрессионного анализа применен для установления формы зависимости устойчивости пены от ее кратности. Оценка эффективности тушения пеной, генерируемой оросителями, выполнялась экспериментальным путем, а обработка полученных экспериментальных данных выполнялась с использованием метода оценивания и выражения неопределенности измерений.

Результаты. Установлена линейная взаимосвязь между кратностью K и устойчивостью C воздушно-механической пены низкой кратности, которая имеет общий вид: C = γK, где γ – эмпирический коэффициент, зависящий от физико-химических свойств пенообразователя. Получена эмпирическая зависимость C = f(K) для пенообразователя ПО-6РЗ (6 %). Разработана методика и проведены натурные испытания четырех розеточных оросителей: оросителя V2 с оптимальной по кратности пены геометрией, TY 3251 (США), ДПУ-15 (Россия) и ДВН-11 (Беларусь). Для сравнения эффективности тушения пеной, генерируемой оросителями, применен показатель эффективности тушения Et, учитывающий время тушения модельного очага пожара и расход огнетушащего вещества. В результате натурных испытаний установлено, что пена, генерируемая оросителем V2, обладает не менее чем в 2,5 раза большей огнетушащей эффективностью по сравнению с остальными испытанными оросителями.

Область применения исследований. Установленная эмпирическая зависимость C = γK может быть использована для прогнозирования устойчивости пены на основе значения ее кратности и наоборот. Разработанные методики натурных испытаний и оценки эффективности тушения пеной, генерируемой пенными и водопенными розеточными оросителями, могут быть применены при разработке отечественных ТНПА в данной области, а также для исследования иных оросителей в условиях, приближенных к реальному пожару.
Levantamento fitossociológico das plantas daninhas em diferentes frutíferas de clima temperado no Município de Lavras – MG
Authors: Araújo Hugo Henrique Ribeiro , Souza Filipe Bittencourt Machado de , Pio Rafael , Freire Ana Izabella , Pereira Ariana Mota , Cruz Renata Ranielly Pedrosa , Pimentel Róberson Machado , Melo Carlos Cicinato Vieira , Souza Adriano Junio Moreira de
Published: August 2020

A fruticultura brasileira tem grande importância na economia, aparecendo como o terceiro maior produtor mundial. Neste contexto, o manejo de plantas daninhas torna-se indispensável do ponto de vista agronômico, pois competem por água, luz, nutriente e espaço, causando muitos prejuízos às culturas de interesse. Essas perdas se acentuam à medida que não são devidamente controladas, por este motivo, é realizado o levantamento fitossociológico, que permite conhecer a dinâmica das plantas daninhas e sua correta identificação. Objetivou-se com esse trabalho efetuar um levantamento fitossociológico das plantas daninhas existentes no cultivo de frutíferas de clima temperado no município de Lavras-MG. O levantamento foi realizado no setor de Fruticultura da Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA). Foi realizado o levantamento fitossociológico em 18 cultivares de Pereira (Pyrus spp.), sete cultivares de Macieira (Malus domestica L.), 22 cultivares de Pessegueiro (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch),
sete cultivares de Framboesa, dez cultivares de Amora-Preta (Rubus spp.), além de área plantada com 11 cultivares de Caquizeiro (Diospyrus kaki L.), uma cultivar de Figueira (Ficus carica L.) e 34 cultivares de Marmeleiro (Cydonia oblonga e Chaenomelis sinensis L.). As identificações das plantas daninhas foram baseadas através de análise do material, fotografias e com consulta à literatura especializada, posteriormente a identificação, houve a classificação e análise da estrutura da comunidade, fazendo o agrupamento em famílias, nome científico, nome vulgar e quanto ao ciclo produtivo vegetal das espécies. Foram avaliadas Distribuição Espacial, Variância, Densidade, Frequência, Constância, Dominância, Valor de Importância, Índice de Valor de Importância e Avaliação de Similaridade. O levantamento fitossociológico evidenciou que a espécie Cyperus rotundus foi a espécie com maior IVI no cultivo da amoreira, framboesa, macieira e marmeleiro. Enquanto que a espécie Cynodon dactylon teve o maior IVI no cultivo das framboesas, pereiras e marmeleiros. Por outro lado, a espécie Brachiaria plantaginea atingiu o maior IVI no cultivo das macieiras. Por fim, a espécie Pennisetum clandestinum atingiu o maior IVI no cultivo dos caquizeiros. De acordo com o levantamento fitossociológico, deve-se verificar os métodos de controle utilizados como implementos agrícolas, formas de aplicação de inseticidas (sistêmicos ou contato), o sistema de irrigação que menos contribua para o desenvolvimento das espécies indesejáveis, e assim diminuir competição pela água, luz e nutrientes com o aumento da produtividade.
Microscópio operatório na Endodontia
Authors: Silva Márcia Roberta Resende Ramalho da , Andrade Kauana da Silva , Silva Fábio Victor Dias , Silva Liandra Pamela de Lima , Romão Thaynara Cavalcante Moreira , Santos Manuela Gouvêa Campêlo dos , Arnaud Rachel Reinaldo
Published: August 2020

Introdução: O microscópio operatório permite uma maior magnificação, favorecendo a interpretação do sistema de canais radiculares e um tratamento endodôntico com maiores chances de sucesso, uma vez que, essa especialidade requer que o profissional trabalhe com a sensibilidade táctil. Objetivo: Dessa forma, este trabalho teve como objetivo descrever sobre as vantagens da utilização do microscópio operatório na Endodontia. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura utilizando monografias, dissertações, teses e artigos científicos na área temática, publicados nos últimos 25 anos (1995–2020), nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol, indexados nas bases de dados BBO, SciElo, LILACS, MEDLINE, PubMed e Google Scholar. Resultados: Os estudos mostraram que o microscópio favorece a iluminação do campo operatório, permitindo ver, com ampliação, as estruturas internas e profundos do sistema dos canais radiculares. Essa ampliação foi verificada na Endodontia convencional, tornando-a mais segura e minimamente invasiva, favorecendo o diagnóstico de fraturas radiculares, além de aberturas coronárias livres de obstruções, localização dos canais radiculares, retratamento, perfurações e em microcirurgia perirradiculares. Além disso, favorece a comunicação entre profissionais e, entre profissionais e pacientes, assim como promovem finalidades didáticas, pedagógicas e de marketing. Conclusão: Dessa forma, o microscópio operatório proporciona à Endodontia a realização de tratamentos com significativos índices de sucesso.
Implikasi Kecerdasan Emosional Terhadap Prestasi Kerja Dosen Sekolah Tinggi Maritim Yogyakarta (STIMARYO)
Authors: Suyanti Suyanti , Sahudiyono Sahudiyono
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini meneliti implikasi kecerdasan emosional terhadap prestasi kerja dosen Sekolah Tinggi Maritim Yogyakarta (STIMARYO). Masalah yang diteliti adalah pengaruh faktor kecerdasan emosional terhadap prestasi kerja dosen Sekolah Tinggi Maritim Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang menggunakan data primer sebagai sumber datanya. Data diperoleh dari penyebaran kuesioner kepada karyawan Sekolah Tinggi Maritim Yogyakarta. Data dianalisis menggunakan regresi linier sederhana. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan kesimpulan ada pengaruh positif dan signifikan dari faktor kecerdasan emosional terhadap prestasi kerja dosen Sekolah Tinggi Maritim Yogyakarta. Adanya pengaruh positif, diketahui dari nilai koefisien regresi sebesar positif 0,549. Adanya pengaruh signifikan diketahui dari hasil uji F dan uji t yang mendapatkan nilai signifikansi 0,004 (< 0,05) yang berarti bahwa variabel bebas mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap variabel terikat.
Analisa Proses Impor Barang Mewah di Daerah Pabean Oleh Penyedia Jasa Barang dan Logistik (Studi Kasus Pada PT. XN Semarang, Indonesia)
Authors: Dekanawati Vivid , Sundarti Sundarti , Saputra Juan Fajar Kurrniawan
Published: August 2020

Studi ini mengkaji tentang proses impor barang mewah saat masuk daerah pabean oleh penyedia jasa barang dan logistik di Kota Semarang. Barang mewah yang menjadi objek penelitian disini adalah sepeda yang harganya fantastis. Penggunaaan sepeda mewah yang tinggi di Indonesia juga menguntungkan bagi pada pelaku industri salah satunya adalah importir, walaupun hal tersebut membuat khawatir dari sisi produsen sepeda lokal. Saat ini pelaku industri berlomba-lomba meningkakan pelayanannya atau produksi sepeda untuk memenuhi demand pasar yang kian besar. Kegiatan impor sepeda mewahpun tak terhenti oleh pandemic Covid-19 ini. Proses impor yang secara teori disediakan oleh berbagai sumber mengalami banyak perbedaan di lapangan mulai dari prosedur impor, dokumen utama impor, dokumen tambahan impor, penjaluran, dan status peti kemas. Bahkan kejelasan untuk dokumen asli dan dokumen copy yang diurus ke berbagai instansi pengurusan imporpun belum secara jelas tertera pada teori para ahli. Pada akhirnya tidak semua landasan teori dapat diterapkan/diselenggarakan pada pekerjaan impor di lapangan. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi diantaranya proses pada kegiatan impor, sistem pengangkutan yang berpengaruh pada dokumen, status pengirim (shipper) dan consignee (penerima) berpengaruh pada status container bahkan penetapan jalur yang ditentukan oleh Bea Cukai juga bisa berbeda respon yang diterima oleh importir dan eksportir.
A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL ON THE ISLAMIC-BASED PROGRAM USING FAMILY APPROACHES IN PREVENTING ADOLESCENTS’ SMOKING BEHAVIOR IN INDONESIA: A STUDY PROTOCOL
Authors: Fithria Fithria , Adlim Muhammad , Jannah Syarifah Rauzatul , Tahlil Teuku
Published: August 2020

Background: Smoking is a significant problem especially among Indonesian adolescents. A number of smoking prevention programs have been developed and implemented, but most of them do not work significantly for the Indonesian adolescents who are mostly Muslim.

Objective: The aim of this article is to outline a study protocol for measuring the effects of Islamic-based program using family approaches on the prevention of adolescents’ smoking behavior.

Methods: The study will use a cluster randomized controlled trial conducted in three junior high schools, in Aceh Province, Indonesia. A total of 150 students will be involved in this study, where each school will be represented by 50 students. Each school group will be given the respective treatments. The first group will receive health-based intervention program, the second group will receive Islamic-based intervention program, and the last group will act as a control group receiving no intervention. The outcomes include the knowledge about smoking, attitudes toward smoking, smoking intention and smoking behavior of the adolescents. All outcomes will be measured using validated questionnaires.

Discussion: If the Islamic-based intervention using family approach is effective, then this approach could be implemented not only in Indonesia but also in other countries with the same social characteristics.

Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry, ACTRN 12620000465954
Cold and Dense Plasma Sheet Caused by Solar Wind Entry: Direct Evidence
Authors: Yu Yue , Chen Zuzheng , Chen Fang
Published: August 2020

We present a coordinated observation with the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission, located in the Earth’s magnetotail plasma sheet, and the Acceleration, Reconnection, Turbulence, and Electrodynamics of the Moon’s Interaction with the Sun (ARTEMIS) mission, located in the solar wind, in order to understand the formation mechanism of the cold and dense plasma sheet (CDPS). MMS detected two CDPSs composed of two ion populations with different energies, where the energy of the cold ion population is the same as that of the solar wind measured by ARTEMIS. This feature directly indicates that the CDPSs are caused by the solar wind entry. In addition, He+ was observed in the CDPSs. The plasma density in these two CDPSs are ~1.8 cm−3 and ~10 cm−3, respectively, roughly 4–30 times the average value of a plasma sheet. We performed a cross-correlation analysis on the ion density of the CDPS and the solar wind, and we found that it takes 3.7–5.9 h for the solar wind to enter the plasma sheet. Such a coordinated observation confirms the previous speculation based on single-spacecraft measurements.
Incorporating a Canopy Parameterization within a Coupled Fire-Atmosphere Model to Improve a Smoke Simulation for a Prescribed Burn
Authors: Mallia Derek V. , Kochanski Adam K. , Urbanski Shawn P. , Mandel Jan , Farguell Angel , Krueger Steven K.
Published: August 2020

Forecasting fire growth, plume rise and smoke impacts on air quality remains a challenging task. Wildland fires dynamically interact with the atmosphere, which can impact fire behavior, plume rises, and smoke dispersion. For understory fires, the fire propagation is driven by winds attenuated by the forest canopy. However, most numerical weather prediction models providing meteorological forcing for fire models are unable to resolve canopy winds. In this study, an improved canopy model parameterization was implemented within a coupled fire-atmosphere model (WRF-SFIRE) to simulate a prescribed burn within a forested plot. Simulations with and without a canopy wind model were generated to determine the sensitivity of fire growth, plume rise, and smoke dispersion to canopy effects on near-surface wind flow. Results presented here found strong linkages between the simulated fire rate of spread, heat release and smoke plume evolution. The standard WRF-SFIRE configuration, which uses a logarithmic interpolation to estimate sub-canopy winds, overestimated wind speeds (by a factor 2), fire growth rates and plume rise heights. WRF-SFIRE simulations that implemented a canopy model based on a non-dimensional wind profile, saw significant improvements in sub-canopy winds, fire growth rates and smoke dispersion when evaluated with observations.
A High Spatiotemporal Resolution Global Gridded Dataset of Historical Human Discomfort Indices
Authors: Mistry Malcolm N.
Published: August 2020

Meteorological human discomfort indices or bioclimatic indices are important metrics to gauge potential risks to human health under varying environmental thermal exposures. Derived using sub-daily meteorological variables from a quality-controlled reanalysis data product (Global Land Data Assimilation System—GLDAS), a new high-resolution global dataset referred to as “HDI_0p25_1970_2018” is presented in this study. The dataset includes the following daily indices at 0.25° × 0.25° gridded resolution: (i) Apparent Temperature indoors (ATind); (ii) two variants of Apparent Temperature outdoors in shade (ATot); (iii) Heat Index (HI); (iv) Humidex (HDEX); (v) Wet Bulb Temperature (WBT); (vi) two variants of Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT); (vii) Thom Discomfort Index (DI); and (viii) Windchill Temperature (WCT). Spanning 49 years over the period 1970–2018, HDI_0p25_1970_2018 fills gaps in existing climate indices datasets by being the only high-resolution historical global-gridded daily time-series of multiple human discomfort indices based on different meteorological parameters, thus offering applications in wide-ranging climate zones and thermal-comfort environments.
Comparative Analysis of the Permutation and Multiscale Entropies for Quantification of the Brain Signal Variability in Naturalistic Scenarios
Authors: Keshmiri Soheil
Published: August 2020

As alternative entropy estimators, multiscale entropy (MSE) and permutation entropy (PE) are utilized for quantification of the brain function and its signal variability. In this context, their applications are primarily focused on two specific domains: (1) the effect of brain pathology on its function (2) the study of altered states of consciousness. As a result, there is a paucity of research on applicability of these measures in more naturalistic scenarios. In addition, the utility of these measures for quantification of the brain function and with respect to its signal entropy is not well studied. These shortcomings limit the interpretability of the measures when used for quantification of the brain signal entropy. The present study addresses these limitations by comparing MSE and PE with entropy of human subjects’ EEG recordings, who watched short movie clips with negative, neutral, and positive content. The contribution of the present study is threefold. First, it identifies a significant anti-correlation between MSE and entropy. In this regard, it also verifies that such an anti-correlation is stronger in the case of negative rather than positive or neutral affects. Second, it finds that MSE significantly differentiates between these three affective states. Third, it observes that the use of PE does not warrant such significant differences. These results highlight the level of association between brain’s entropy in response to affective stimuli on the one hand and its quantification in terms of MSE and PE on the other hand. This, in turn, allows for more informed conclusions on the utility of MSE and PE for the study and analysis of the brain signal variability in naturalistic scenarios.
Evaluation of Cerebral Microvascular Regulatory Mechanisms with Transcranial Doppler in Fabry Disease
Authors: Castro Pedro , Gutierres Mariana , Pereira Gilberto , Ferreira Susana , Oliveira João Paulo , Azevedo Elsa
Published: August 2020

Background: Fabry disease (FD) causes cerebrovascular disease (CVD) even if asymptomatic, and this is why it is important to identify non-invasive methods to monitor the disease. We evaluated the usefulness of the cerebral autoregulation, vasoreactivity, and neurovascular coupling assessed by transcranial Doppler (TCD) in FD. Methods: Ten adult patients with classic phenotype FD, without clinical expression of CVD, and ten healthy controls, were included. We monitored cerebral blood flow velocity with TCD in the middle and posterior cerebral arteries, blood pressure, heart rate, and non-invasive expired carbon dioxide (CO2). Cerebral autoregulation was calculated from the spontaneous oscillations of blood pressure, cerebral vasoreactivity through CO2 inhalation and hyperventilation and neurovascular coupling by the flow velocity change to visual stimulation. Results: FD male patients showed blunted vasoreactivity in posterior circulation (0.70 ± 0.36%/mmHg vs. 1.09 ± 0.18%/mmHg CO2, p = 0.01) and impaired neurovascular coupling (overshoot 15 ± 2.9% vs. 28 ± 6.1%, p < 0.01). Cerebral autoregulation was similar to controls. Conclusion: Male patients with FD classic phenotype and hitherto clinical expression of CVD already show impairment of cerebral vasoreactivity and neurovascular coupling. It supports the notion of an early dysfunction of cerebral microvascular in a presymptomatic stage of CVD in FD and that TCD could be useful in its assessment.
Sleepiness, Neuropsychological Skills, and Scholastic Learning in Children
Authors: Macchitella Luigi , Marinelli Chiara Valeria , Signore Fulvio , Ciavolino Enrico , Angelelli Paola
Published: August 2020

Excessive daytime sleepiness is a frequent condition among children and adolescents that may lead to several and significant daytime consequences, including impaired neurocognitive skills and scholastic performance. Here, we evaluated in one hundred and ninety-one unselected primary school children, the relationship between sleepiness and a wide range of cognitive and academic skills through a standardized neuropsychological test battery. In order to assess the statistical relationship, we performed a partial least squares path modelling, a non-parametrical approach which combined a model of paths between latent variables and the coefficients between indicators and dimensions. Results were validated through the bootstrap approach and suggest that sleepiness is not associated with all cognitive and scholastic abilities, but only with those relying on verbal abilities and complex cognitive functions (i.e., reading comprehension, oral/syntactic comprehension, spelling, and mathematic skills). Our data suggest the idea that sleepiness in children is associated mostly with “higher” (mainly verbal) cognitive function(s), while the visuospatial domain was not affected.
Design, Development, and Multi-Characterization of an Integrated Clinical Transrectal Ultrasound and Photoacoustic Device for Human Prostate Imaging
Authors: Agrawal Sumit , Johnstonbaugh Kerrick , Clark Joseph Y. , Raman Jay D. , Wang Xueding , Kothapalli Sri-Rajasekhar
Published: August 2020

The standard diagnostic procedure for prostate cancer (PCa) is transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided needle biopsy. However, due to the low sensitivity of TRUS to cancerous tissue in the prostate, small yet clinically significant tumors can be missed. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with TRUS fusion biopsy has recently been introduced as a way to improve the identification of clinically significant PCa in men. However, the spatial errors in coregistering the preprocedural MRI with the real-time TRUS causes false negatives. A real-time and intraprocedural imaging modality that can sensitively detect PCa tumors and, more importantly, differentiate aggressive from nonaggressive tumors could largely improve the guidance of biopsy sampling to improve diagnostic accuracy and patient risk stratification. In this work, we seek to fill this long-standing gap in clinical diagnosis of PCa via the development of a dual-modality imaging device that integrates the emerging photoacoustic imaging (PAI) technique with the established TRUS for improved guidance of PCa needle biopsy. Unlike previously published studies on the integration of TRUS with PAI capabilities, this work introduces a novel approach for integrating a focused light delivery mechanism with a clinical-grade commercial TRUS probe, while assuring much-needed ease of operation in the transrectal space. We further present the clinical potential of our device by (i) performing rigorous characterization studies, (ii) examining the acoustic and optical safety parameters for human prostate imaging, and (iii) demonstrating the structural and functional imaging capabilities using deep-tissue-mimicking phantoms. Our TRUSPA experimental studies demonstrated a field-of-view in the range of 130 to 150 degrees and spatial resolutions in the range of 300 μm to 400 μm at a soft tissue imaging depth of 5 cm.
Characterization of Fe(III) Adsorption onto Zeolite and Bentonite
Authors: Bakalár Tomáš , Kaňuchová Mária , Girová Anna , Pavolová Henrieta , Hromada Rudolf , Hajduová Zuzana
Published: August 2020

In this study, the adsorption of Fe(III) from aqueous solution on zeolite and bentonite was investigated by combining batch adsorption technique, Atomic adsorption spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses. Although iron is commonly found in water and is an essential bioelement, many industrial processes require efficient removal of iron from water. Two types of zeolite and two types of bentonite were used. The results showed that the maximum adsorption capacities for removal of Fe (III) by Zeolite Micro 20, Zeolite Micro 50, blue bentonite, and brown bentonite were 10.19, 9.73, 11.64, and 16.65 mg.g−1, respectively. Based on the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analyses of the raw samples and the solid residues after sorption at low and high initial Fe concentrations, the Fe content is different in the surface layer and in the bulk of the material. In the case of lower initial Fe concentration (200 mg.dm−3), more than 95% of Fe is adsorbed in the surface layer. In the case of higher initial Fe concentration (4000 mg.dm−3), only about 45% and 61% of Fe is adsorbent in the surface layer of zeolite and bentonite, respectively; the rest is adsorbed in deeper layers.