bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impacts of smoking & ocular activity on Behcet disease & normal control by optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in Upper Egypt
Authors: Saif Mohamed Yasser Sayed , Ismaeel Ahmed Yehia , Sayed Amira Hamdi , Saeed Mostafa Abd Elnabi
Published: May 2022

Retinal vasculitis and vein occlusions are common causes of serious visual loss in Behcet’s disease. The aim of the current work was the comparison of the OCTA results of BU cases, BD without uveitis cases &normal control was further subdivided to smokers &non-smokers to permit us to recognize retinal micro-circulation variations at the macular level in BU cases even in the nonattendance of preceding angiographic diagnosing of vasculitis & impact of smoking on BD clinical results of Behcet uveitis(BU), Behcet disease with no uveitis cases &normal control by the following parameters; Vessel density of macular area (VD) & foveal Avascular zone (FAZ) using OCTA. The conclusion of this study shows reduction of vessel density of macular area in Behcet uveitis (BU) rather than Behcet disease without uveitis &normal control & Enlarged FAZ in BU rather than BD without uveitis & normal control. The study results revealed areas of hypoperfusion of macular area even in BD without clinical signifacnce. Hazards of smoking on uveitis cases . There is a need to larger samples & lack of stable treatment protocols.
LDLR gene polymorphisms in CAD patients among South-Indian Tamil population
Authors: Deepa P K. , Kedari G S R. , Resmi C R.
Published: May 2022

Introduction and aim: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a multifactorial condition caused by the interplay of hereditary and environmental factors. The major objective of this research is to evaluate the Low-density of lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs688 and rs5925 and the lipid profile in coronary artery disease (CAD) and their connection with CAD. Materials and methods: The research included 50 patients with coronary artery disease and 30 healthy controls. To examine the lipid profile parameters, fasting venous blood was taken. Genomic DNA was isolated, amplified, and identified using an allele-specific polymerized chain reaction for the genetic study of LDLR SNPs. Results: Lipid profile parameters were shown to be substantially (p0.000) linked with coronary artery disease. There was, however, no significant change in the allele and genotype frequencies of the LDLR SNPs rs688 and rs5925 between the case and control groups investigated. Conclusion: The current investigation was unable to detect a significant connection between the LDLR gene SNPs rs688 and rs5925 with CAD.
Effect of Dry Needling in Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain
Authors: ULUDAĞ Veysel , BÜKER Nihal
Published: May 2022

Pain is a sensation felt in one or more parts of the body, and it is a bad feeling that bothers people. Every person who feels pain learns about pain early in life through experiences with injury. In recent years, chronic pain has begun to be accepted as a disease rather than a symptom. Therefore, pain does not always mean tissue damage. Although scientific studies have made rapid progress in our perspective on chronic pain, the mechanisms of pain have not yet been fully explained. Though many things have been tried, the continuation of pain and the inability to fully explain the pain mechanisms have increased the interest in complementary medicine applications. It has been shown that trigger points accompany many musculoskeletal pathologies within the concept of central sensitization, which has an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic pain. Dry needling therapy in trigger point therapy is often used as a minimally invasive complementary medicine option to manage pain. In this study, information about pain was examined in the light of current literature. We aimed to review the effects of dry needling therapy on the musculoskeletal system in chronic pain disease groups from a different and up-to-date perspective. After examining the literature and the concept of chronic pain and dry needling, the following conclusion was reached; When the effectiveness of dry needling is examined in chronic painful disease groups in the musculoskeletal system, dry needling, which is a minimally invasive method, is effective, but more studies are needed.
KEPLER’İN “HARMONICES MUNDI” TASARISININ FELSEFÎ TEMELLERİ
Authors: TARHAN Diler Ezgi
Published: May 2022

Astronomi, astroloji, matematik, göksel fizik, doğa felsefesi ve optik alanlarındaki çalışmalarıyla tanınan Johannes Kepler’in tüm hayatını adadığı kozmik armoni fenomeninin temelleri Antik Çağ felsefesine dayanmaktadır. Nitekim Pisagorculuk ile birlikte gelişen “müzik – matematik” ilişkisi, Pisagor’dan beri astronomi ve geometrinin iç içe çalışıldığı bir gelenek dâhilinde müzik teorisine kapı aralamaktadır. Bu geleneğin varislerinden biri olarak Kepler, ortaya koymaya çalıştığı evrensel düzen ve ahengin mantıksal temelinin, mistik ve teolojik yorumla çelişmeyecek bir açıklamasını vermeye çalışırken bu teorinin rasyonel ispatlarını, Platonik çokyüzlü küresel kozmolojiye ve Kopernikçi heliosentrizme dayandırmıştır. Gök kürelerinin müziği tasarısını Pisagorcu geometri üzerinden temellendiren düşünür, gezegen yörüngelerinin elips şeklinde olduğunu bulduktan sonra gezegen hareketlerini açıklayan üç temel yasa öne sürmüş ve bu yasaların üçüncüsü sayesinde kozmik armoni tasarısını kanıtladığına inanmıştır. Bu makalenin amacı, Kepler’in “Astronomia Nova”, “Mysterium Cosmographicum” ve “Harmonices Mundi” adlı eserlerini referans alarak Kepler’in göksel müzik tasarısını hangi felsefî temellere dayandırdığını açıklamaktır. Dolayısıyla Kepler’in kozmik armoni tasarısının ne doğrudan astronomi, ne doğrudan müzik teorisi, ne de doğrudan matematik alanında çalışılıyor olmasının yarattığı ihtiyaca cevap verebilmek adına bu tasarıyı, bilim- ve sanat felsefesi kanalında disiplinlerarası bir bakışla ele almayı denedik.
Hindi Film Songs in the Home: Gendered Experiences of Singing Popular Songs in Tamale, Northern Ghana
Authors: Young Katie
Published: May 2022

Beginning in the 1950s, Dagbamba and Hausa women in Tamale listened to Hindi film songs in their homes, via gramophone records and through state-run women's radio programs. Hindi film songs were soon integrated into existing domestic singing practices, including songs meant for domestic labor (tuma-yila) and childcare (biyola-yila). Through an analysis of oral history interviews as well as recorded performances of Hindi film songs sung by women, men, and youth in Tamale, I show how everyday performances of Hindi film songs reveal gendered and intergenerational experiences of domestic space, labor, and social life in Tamale.
The Influence of Competence on Employee Performance: Investigation of Automotive Companie
Authors: Herwina Yulia
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this research is to find out The Effect of Competence on Employee Performance.This research was conducted at an automotive company in Riau Indonesia. The sample is because the population is small, the entire population is used as a sample.Based on the data obtained, the following conclusions can be drawn:The result of simple linear regression is obtainedY=10,940+0.617X, it can be concluded that it has a positive direction of relationship. The results of the t_test show that competence has a significant effect on employee performance. The result of the coefficient of determination is 0.496. This means 49.6%employee performance variable is influenced or explained by the competency variable, while the remaining 50.4% is influenced by other variables not examined in this study.
Stock Price Prediction using LSTM
Authors:   Department of Information Technology, K. J. Somaiya Institute of Engineering & Information Technology, Mumbai (Maharashtra), India., Vora Sakshi , Shaikh Rayees ,   Department of Information Technology, K. J. Somaiya Institute of Engineering & Information Technology, Mumbai (Maharashtra), India., Bhanushali Kartik ,   Department of Information Technology, K. J. Somaiya Institute of Engineering & Information Technology, Mumbai (Maharashtra), India., Patil Prof. Pradnya ,   Department of Information Technology, K. J. Somaiya Institute of Engineering & Information Technology, Mumbai (Maharashtra), India.
Published: May 2022

The movement of stock prices is non-linear and complicated. In this study, we compared and analyzed various neural network forecasting methods based on real problems related to stock price demand forecasting. We ultimately selected the LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) [1] neural network as traditional RNN’s long-term reliance is improved by LSTM, which substantially enhances prediction accuracy and stability. The practicality of this method and the pertinence of the model are then inspected, and final conclusions are drawn through a detailed examination of stock price forecasts using LSTM neural networks optimized by RNN algorithms. Past information has proven to be extremely predominant to investors as the basis for financing resolution. Previous studies have used open and close prices as vital predictors of financial markets, but utmost highs and lows may provide extra information regarding future price actions. Hence, two representative stock indexes of the Indian stock market were selected for the survey, and the main data collected from them are open, closed, lowest, highest, date, and everyday transaction size. The outcome shows that the LSTM model has few restraints, including a forecast time lag, but you can use the attention level to foretell stock prices. Its primary idea is to analyze stock market historical information and find the role of time series by digging deeper into its central rules.
Relationship of Microbiota with Male Reproductive Potential
Authors: Celebi Demet
Published: May 2022

Microbiota is a cluster of physiological and pathogenic microorganisms found in many tissues and organs of living things, including such as bacteria, viruses, fungi. Microbiota has important roles on many system functions such as immune system, urinary system, digestive system. However, these microorganisms can cause obstruction in the genital tract, epididymitis and orchitis, and thus may lead to infertility. In addition, pathogenic and apathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses and fungi have negative effects on spermatology. Decreased sperm motility, disruption of membrane integrity, and acrosome damage are the most common of these negativities. Approximately 15% of male infertility in the world is associated with infection in the genital tract. The most common microorganisms found in the male genital tract and semen are Enterobacter, Lactobacillus and Staphylococci. In addition, microorganisms in semen cause infections in the female genital tract, birth of offspring with anomalies and embryonic deaths. In this study, the current literature on the microorganisms found in the male genital tract and semen in different species has been compiled.
A climatological study of storms and depressions in the Arabian Sea
Authors: CHOUDHURI S. N. RAY , SUBRAMANYAN Y. H. , CHELLAPPA R.
Published: May 2022

The paper presents a climatological study of storms and depressions in the Arabian Sea based on the data of 61 years, 1890--1950. A similar study for the Bay of Bengal has been made by Rai Sircar (1956).
Thickness patterns and intensification of Bay storms
Authors: BOSE B.L. , RAO D.V.
Published: May 2022

A simple technique of utilising the thickness patterns to assess qualitatively the field of divergence or convergence by determining the tilt of the axis of the pressure system has been presented in this note. The utility of this technique has been discussed and Illustrated by analysing one pre-monsoon storm, in the light, of the above Ideas.
On forecasting the time of incidence of Nor'westers at Calcutta
Authors: RAO D. VENKATESWARA , BOOTHALINGAM P. N.
Published: May 2022

The speed of travel of the downdrafts from regenerative Nor'wester sequences in southwest Bengal has been investigated by analysing data of times of their outbreak at Calcutta, Asansol and Hazaribagh. This is found to lie roughly between 30 and 40 mph. There are scarcely any thunder squalls at Calcutta before 1600 IST caused by parental storms at interior stations. Thunderstorms so generated are most frequent during 1700 to 1900 IST at Calcutta. The highest gust speeds in Nor'wester squalls also appear to be confined to this period. Thunderstorms occurring during 1100.1200 IST at Hazaribagh or 1400-1500 IST at Asansol produce squalls reaching 60-90 mph at Calcutta. From these results, simple rules for forecasting the time of incidence and speed likely to be attened in Nor'wester squalls at Calcutta have been deduced.
Fog Over Upper Assam
Authors: BASU S. C.
Published: May 2022

Fog Over Upper Assam
Seasonal Oscillations of air temperature in India and neighbourhood
Authors: JAGANNATHAN P.
Published: May 2022

The annual and the half-yearly oscillations in the mean temperature of air at 4 feet above ground level at 167 meteorological stations in India and neighbourhood. have been separated. The dependence of the components of the vectors of the different Oscillations on the location of the stations have been determined. Regression equations for representing the components of the oscillations as a linear function of latitude, longitude and elevation have been derived. The fit of these representations has been found to be fairly good, the correlation between the actual and the calculated values being of the order of 0. 8 to 0. 9 generally. The significance of the gradients with respect to the positional co-ordinates have been discussed.
An Electronic Actinometer for measurements in narrow spectral ranges
Authors: ALBREOHT HANS J.
Published: May 2022

This paper describes the use of capacitance bolometers for special measurements of the direct solar radiation. Electronic and optical design factors are outlined, followed by constructional and operational details, Indicating methods for capacitance bolometers are discussed with particular reference to this electronic actinometer.
The influence of Western Disturbances on the weather over NE India in monsoon months
Authors: CHAKRAVORTY K.C. , BASU S.C.
Published: May 2022

The influence of Western Disturbances on the weather over NE India in monsoon months
On origin of fluctuations of sound transmissions In sea
Authors: NANDA J.N.
Published: May 2022

Fluctuation in transmitted intensity of sound when there is no relative movement of transducers and no interference from reflection at sea surface, has been usually assigned to thermal microstructure of the oceans, Thermal microstructure can affect the transmission in two possible ways, by scattering due to small changes of velocity of sound or due to interference of neighbouring rays going through varying number of thermal patches and reaching the same receiving hydrophone, Both these effects require very prominent and practically impossible thermal structure in order to explain the observed fluctuations, A hypothesis is put forward that this may be due to the presence of discrete scatterers in the form of tiny air bubbles which may be free or what is more likely part of zooplankton, On confirmation this may yield a powerful tool for measuring average production of plankton in the sea of various sizes depending upon the selected sound frequency, The fluctuation of 15,5 Kc frequency sound transmissions suggests that air bubbles or zooplankton air sacks of si7:e t mm should occur at  the rate of one in every 76 litres of sea water in the ocean west of Cochin, South India.
Movements of two Nor'westers of West Bengal : A Radar study
Authors: DAS P.M. , DE A. C. , GANGOPADHYAYA M.
Published: May 2022

Two of the worst nor’westers of the year 1955 have been analysed by using observations from a 3-cm meteorological radar installed in the Meterorological Office at Dum Dum Airport.
Fiducial limits of monthly rainfall for Taliparamba
Authors: BAKTHAVATHSALU C.M. , BALASUBRAMANIAN C.
Published: May 2022

A study of the fortyfour years' (1911 to 1954) rainfall data of the Agricultural Research Station, Taliparamha for the monsoon months June to October has been made in this paper, The fiducial limits of expected monthly rainfall are given and the pattern of rainfall discussed.
Super-refraction conditions at Dum Dum Airport
Authors: DE A.C. , DAS P.M. , GANGOPADHYAYA M.
Published: May 2022

Conditions for super-refraction have been studied at Dum Dum airport (Calcutta) with a 3-cm radar. There appears to exist some correspondence between the occurrence of ground fog and mist on the one hand and the appearance of super-standard echoes on the other
Difference between Rainfall catches recorded in shallow and deep rim rain gauges
Authors: MANI ANNA
Published: May 2022

Difference between Rainfall catches recorded in shallow and deep rim rain gauges
RAINFALL IN THE UPPER CATCHMENT OF JHELUM
Authors: BHAN S. N.
Published: May 2022

RAINFALL IN THE UPPER CATCHMENT OF JHELUM
Incidence of heavy rain at Minicoy
Authors: GANESAN V.
Published: May 2022

Sixty years' rainfall data of Minicoy have been analysed and frequency tables of heavy rain have  been presented. Rainfall associated with storms and depressions and with the first advance of the monsoon has been discussed. A preliminary study of squally weather has also been attempted.
A comparative study of rainfall and cotton crop under crop-weather scheme at Akola and Nagpur
Authors: SREENIVASAN P.S. , BANERJEE J.R.
Published: May 2022

A comparative study of rainfall and cotton crop under crop-weather scheme at Akola and Nagpur
A theoretical study of progressive developments in rain- drop size distribution and other characteristics in rain showers from 'warm' convective type clouds
Authors: ROY A. K. , SRIVASTAVA R. C.
Published: May 2022

A study, on a theoretical basis, of the expected size distribution of raindrops and rainfall intensity at various phases of rain showers from an overhead large cumulus cloud of 'warm' type has been made, assuming that each raindrop is the result of growth on a 'giant' sea-salt nucleus, and that droplet growth beyond a certain sizes is due mainly to coalescence following collisions between cloud droplets. The study, based on assumptions of plausible physical conditions in a cloud in regard to (a) concentration and size distribution of' giant sea-salt nuclei in air, (b) mean cloud liquid water content and (c) updraft rate and its variations with time, brings out features which are in general conformity with what are observed in rain from warm convective type clouds, and provides some corroboration of the present accepted theory of coalescence growth of raindrops, and of the salt-nucleus hypothesis of rain formation in such clouds.
On forecasting hailstorms by the method of vectorial wind changes
Authors: RAO D. VENKATESWARA , MUKHERJEE A. K.
Published: May 2022

The conditions leading to the occurrence of a number of hailstorms over northwest India have been investigated, The method of assessment of convergence by using 24-hour vectorial wind changes was found in these situations .be superior to the conventional methods and of definite prognostic value. The border region between cyclonic and anticyclonic wind shear patterns was found suitable for thunderstorm development whenever the cyclonic shear appeared in a moist air stream, notwithstanding the unfavourableness of the winds and of the thermal structure aloft. Strong upper winds and a pronounced vertical shear are found to promote transformation of the thunderstorms so formed into hailstorms. The direction of the associated squall, if any, lies close to that of the isellobaric wind.
Radioactive fallout measurements made in India during 1956-57
Authors: VOHRA K.G. , SHIRVAIKAR V.V. , RANGARAJAN C.
Published: May 2022

Radioactive fallout measurements made in India during 1956-57
At lykkes i fællesskabet
Authors: Frimann Søren , Hersted Lone , Søbye Anne
Published: May 2022

Developing Co-creative Leadership

As an alternative to hierarchical top-down management, leadership that encourages co-creation, participation and dialogue has become important because organizations nowadays need continuously to navigate and solve complex problems to thrive under rapid changing conditions and contexts. However, it is not an easy task to develop co-creative leadership. In this article, we initially explain the emergence of co-creation as a dialogical, collaborative and practice based approach to leadership. We then explain how action research based on dialogue and democratic participation can be a framework to develop co-creative leadership. The article is based on qualitative research material from a 4-year action research project in a public institution for people with special needs. The development of co-creative leadership through action research is illustrated through case material where a group of managers are engaged in developing co-creative and dialogically based ways of leading in their own department in collaboration with employees and colleagues from other departments in the institution
Mellem nærhed og specialisering
Authors: Johansen Tine L. R.
Published: May 2022

Coordinated care is part of a discursive turn towards a more patient-centered healthcare system. Coordinated care are defined as “The delivery of services by different care providers in a timely and complementary manner” (Langberg, Dyhr, and Davidsen 2019, 6). However, this easily overlooks the work that doctors put into involving patients, updating colleagues in other sectors and creating coherence with patients (Uijen et al. 2012). The article uses ethnographic co-creation as a method to examine doctors and general practitioners cross-sectoral collaboration on early diagnostics from a clinical everyday life perspective. Bakhtin’s dialogue theory and Foucault’s power/knowledge concept, provide an analytical framework to analyze collaborative practices. The article contributes with detailed knowledge of how relational strategies are used to handle cross-sectoral tensions. Furthermore, the article illustrates the co-creation of knowledge across a communication theoretical and biomedical perspective.
Dialogisk aktionsforskning med samskabende processer om, hvordan sang og musik kan integreres i kulturen og hverdagslivet	på plejehjem
Authors: Ottesen Aase Marie
Published: May 2022

The article is based on an ongoing action research project at a nursing home. Relatives, employees, and the manager are involved as co-researchers in dialogue-based and co-creative processes, where it is investigated and worked on how song and music can become an integral part of the culture and everyday life for the residents living at the nursing home. An action research process is unfolded and put into perspective with focus on: “What co-creation can be, how it can take place and what it can contribute to”. A dialogical action research approach characterize the research and it is designed based on the research circle tradition. Methodologically, thematic analysis is used. As a result of the thematic analysis, the following significant themes are presented: 1) Dialogue provides interplay, counterplay and interaction; 2) Proximity to practice through using video and 3) Reflections “in” and “on” actions in practice.
Smoking and Alcoholism, Risk Factors for Papillitis?
Authors:   Ophthalmology Department, General Hospital “Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas”, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba, Hodelin-Fuentes Damaris , Vila-Mustelier Miriam ,   Ophthalmology Department, General Hospital “Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas”, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba, Fuentes-Pelier Damaris ,   Ophthalmology Department, General Hospital “Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas”, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba, Zaldívar-Álvarez Elio ,   Biostatisticial Department, General Hospital “Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas”, Santiago de Cuba, Cuba
Published: May 2022

Introduction. Papillitis is the inflammation of the optic nerve at the level of the optic papilla or optic disc. We did not find enough published studies that corroborate smoking and alcoholism as absolute risk factors for papillitis, however, it has been raised, so we were motivated to conduct this research, with the aim of identifying statistically significant causal association between these factors and papillitis in our hospital. Methodology. An analytical study of cases and controls was carried out in patients with papillitis treated at the Opthalmology Centre of Santiago de Cuba (2017–2019). Group 1 (Cases): 42 patients. Group 2 (Controls): 84 patients’ companions, who attended in the same period and did not present ophthalmological entities. Results. In the association of smoking with papillitis, we obtained an OR = 1.60, with CI: [0.74; 3.48], but p > 0.05. Alcoholism with papillitis resulted in an association with OR = 1.19, with CI: [0.53; 2.68] and p > 0.05. Conclusions. In our study, smoking and alcoholism had no statistically significant causal association with papillitis. Keywords: Alcoholism, smoking, papillitis, optic nerve, optic neuropathy
Effect of Polymer Concentrations on Pores Mechanism in Electrospun Fibre
Authors:   Department of Physical Sciences, First Technical University, Oyo State, Nigeria, Alayande Samson , Adeyemi Oluseyi ,   Department of Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, First Technical University, Oyo State, Nigeria, Akinsipo Oyesolape ,   Department of Chemical Sciences, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ogun State, Nigeria, Edokpayi Joshua ,   Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa, Oladipo Gabriel ,   Department of Science Laboratory Technology, D.S. Adegbenro ICT Polytechnic, Ogun State, Nigeria, Msagati Titus ,   Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, University of South Africa, Florida, South Africa
Published: May 2022

Advanced material science has resulted in materials with atomic-scale dimensions whose tremendous application includes filtration, drug delivery, membrane, sensor, and encapsulation. Nanoporous fibre has been formed using temperature-induced phase separation (TIPS) and vapour-induced phase separation (VIPS) mechanism, but polymer concentration has been underestimated in the electrospinning parameter. This work aims at showcasing the effect of electrospinning parameters including polymer concentration and resultant phases on pore formation on fibre. Pore formation in electrospun fibre was carried out by electrospinning expanded polystyrene (EPS). The surface morphology of the resulting nanoporous fibre was characterized with Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) while the pore distribution was analyzed with a BET (Brunauer, Emmet, Teller) micromeritics analyzer. From the result, an increased concentration of polymer from 10 % decreased bead population to zero, meanwhile, bombardment with high electrostatic power resulted in beaded fibres at 10% and 15% w/v. Further increase in EPS concentration resulted in beadless fibres and electrospun 20% EPS fibre at 8.5 kV resulted in porous fibre with meso, micro and macropores. At 11.5 kV, pore dimension in fibre reduced with predominant pore width less than 100 nm. An increased voltage to 13.5 kV resulted in morphologies showing brittled fibre probably due to excess pores formed. Conclusively, polymer concentration moderates variables interaction that resulted in phase separation which controls fibre orientation. Therefore, pore formation does not solely depend on TIPS, VIPS, and breath figures but also polymer concentration.
The Effect of Corporate Governance Mechanisms on Earnings Management in Malaysian Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Al-Zaqeba Murad Ali Ahmad , S Abdul Hamid , Ineizeh Nehad Ibrahim , Hussein Obada Jebreen , Albawwat Ala Hussein
Published: May 2022

Earnings management (EM) firms produce less predictable accounting earnings that do not reflect the company's genuine financial success. However, EM is regarded as one of the most significant issues regarding financial reporting, especially in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, this paper aims to investigate the effect of corporate governance mechanisms on earnings management in Malaysian manufacturing companies (MMCs). Data was collected from 2010 to 2019 for MMCs. By highlighting the updating of corporate governance rules, the market value and competitiveness of institutions will improve. Moreover, this paper provides evidence of the effect of corporate governance on earnings management. Therefore, the results may help policymakers to take a new approach to the development of corporate governance instructions, and stakeholders, which would enhance earnings quality and improve the quality of financial reports. This could help them build a more comprehensive picture of the firm and improve the decision-making process.
A Review Study in Water Pollution
Authors: Irfan Dr. Mohd , Amrata Dr.
Published: May 2022

Water is required for life to exist. It is unnecessary to emphasize how vital it is. On the other shand, water contamination is among the most important environmental concerns we face today. Toxic compounds enter bodies of water including lakes, rivers, and seas and are dissolved, floating in the water, or settle on the bottom, polluting the water. As a result, the water quality deteriorates. This would be disastrous not just for marine ecosystems, but also for groundwater, since contaminants would seep through and pollute the water we use in our everyday activities, including drinking. Water pollution may occur in a variety of ways, with municipal wastewater and industrial waste disposal being the most serious. Contaminants that reach the water supply via soils or groundwater systems, as well as rain, are examples of indirect causes of water contamination. Human agricultural practices, as well as illegally disposed of industrial wastes, pollute soils and groundwater. Contaminants include organic, chemical, radioactive, as well as other types.
Comanda și controlul la nivelul grupării de forțe terestre
Authors:   Comandamentul Corpului Multinațional Sud-Est, Sibiu, STANCU Mihai-Cristian
Published: May 2022

"Command-and-control is not only a combat function, but also a system that encompasses personnel, processes, communication and information system/ CIS, as well as command posts/CPs, used to lead the tactical activities of the Land Task Force/LTF, in particular, and of any force structure, in general. Command-and-control, more than any of the combat functions, will decisively influence the outcome of military action. In order to develop the present article, we have used a series of analysis and scientific research methods specific to sociology, but with applicability in the field of military science. For the analysis of command-and-control as a combat function, we have used the data collection method as well as the historical method to show what the roots of the mission command in military art history are. Subsequently, using the analysis method, we have managed to present the most important aspects regarding the organisation of the command-andcontrol system of the LTFs as well as a “code of good practices” regarding the organisation of the Battle Rhythm/BR and the decision-making during the execution of military activities. An efficient command-and-control of the LTFs during military activities is the result of the compliance with the principles of command and control and the harmonisation of the staff processes carried out within the CPs deployed during military actions, in order to optimise the understanding – analysis – planning/ synchronisation – decision – dissemination decision-making cycle."
Abordarea amenințărilor hibride din regiunea Mării Negre din perspectiva cadrului de protecție a infrastructurilor critice
Authors:   Institutul Național de Cercetare-Dezvoltare în Informatică, București, VEVERA Adrian-Victor , GEORGESCU Alexandru ,   Institutul Național de Cercetare-Dezvoltare în Informatică, București, CÎRNU Carmen-Elena ,   Institutul Național de Cercetare-Dezvoltare în Informatică, București
Published: May 2022

"The Black Sea region features high complexity and other factors, such as the lack of a regional security architecture, which, in the current security context, result in a high effectiveness for hybrid warfare approaches. This has been proven by the track record of hybrid and unconventional warfare operations in the region, targeting also civilian infrastructure. The article proposes a Critical Infrastructure perspective on Black Sea insecurity, highlighting the potentiality for hybrid warfare but also measures which can increase resilience to hybrid threats on the basis of the Critical Infrastructure Protection framework. Lastly, the article highlights contributions which Romania can make on the basis of its experience and success in implementing CIP."
Principalele riscuri și amenințări la flancul estic al NATO
Authors:   Universitatea Națională de Apărare „Carol I”, POPESCU Alba Iulia
Published: May 2022

"Located within the Ponto-Baltic Isthmus, the North Atlantic Alliance’s (NATO) Eastern border faces a number of threats, which exceed in diversity and breadth the existing challenges at other border territories of the Alliance. In addition to the historical, permanent threats generated by the geographical and geopolitical position of the Eastern flank states, there are also new threats, that occurred in a pandemic context, especially in the context of the current technological era. This article aims to identify and analyse the main risks and threats facing NATO’s Eastern flank states and to argue the need for complex, multi-purpose support for the materialisation, consolidation and securitisation of the East-European North-South Corridor."
Liderul autentic și capitalul psihologic în mediul militar
Authors:   Ministerul Apărării Naționale, ANTONESEI Marcela , FĂSĂREA Simona ,   Ministerul Apărării Naționale
Published: May 2022

“Authentic leadership” is a significant area of research. Based on the theory, which explains how individuals establish a social and professional relationship, we have postulated a statistical relationship between authentic leadership and psychological capital. Thus, the implications of this type of relationship for theory and practice are discussed in the paper. In this study, we intend to conduct an exploratory study to demonstrate not only the role of authentic leadership in the military organization, but also how it is achieved. The study aims to identify whether there is a significant relationship between authentic leadership and psychological capital. Why is such research important in the military environment? Because military leaders can motivate subordinates both inside the organization and outside the chain of command. Being an authentic leader is much more complex than simply “giving an order”. An authentic leader’s influence on other colleagues or subordinates can take many forms.
Educația militară – între tradiție, modernism și găsirea unei direcții
Authors:   Departamentul Regional de Studii pentru Managementul Resurselor de Apărare, Brașov, CONSTANTINESCU Maria
Published: May 2022

"The military education system is based on the experience drawn from many decades of trials, adaptation and reforms, derived from the specific context of their times, each with their specific advantages and disadvantages. Over time, attempts have been made to align Romanian military education with modern trends, but this process was faced with difficulties in combining the modern concept with those derived from tradition, the concepts from abroad with elements specific to Romania. These difficulties have sometimes been accompanied by the dispersal of energy and resources into short-term actions that lacked focus towards a clearly established medium and long-term goal. Can it be said that the current regulations and legislative norms, as well as the models taken over time from the tradition of Romanian military education and other states, are sufficient to clearly outline the direction that should be followed by the Romanian military education system? The aim of this article is to propose an analysis of these issues and outline some conclusions related to identifying the future directions of the Romanian military education."
Formarea profesională a liderilor militari din perspectiva rezilienței naționale
Authors:   Departamentul Regional de Studii pentru Managementul Resurselor de Apărare, Brașov, CODREANU Aura , VASILESCU Cezar ,   Departamentul Regional de Studii pentru Managementul Resurselor de Apărare, Brașov
Published: May 2022

"Leadership, along with discipline, ethics, organisational culture and specific socialisation practices, is one of the most important pillars (Brown, Treviño, 2006) of the military profession. As such, professional military leadership is one of the key aspects emphasised at strategic level. One prominent example in this respect is the Romanian Military Strategy of 2021 (2021, pp. 3-4) which views it as one of the means of securing organisational and national resilience in a volatile, complex, and uncertain environment. Furthermore, as the 2020-2024 Romanian National Defence Strategy states (2020, p. 32), resilience is one of the key areas targeted by the NATO-EU cooperation agenda where Romania pledges to contribute. Following the strategic acknowledgment that professional military leadership is needed in order to meet future challenges in the defence and security field, the current article discusses the ways and means by which professional military leadership development can further the end of securing organisational resilience in the defence and security field, and hence that of consolidating national resilience."
Land Task Force’s Command and Control
Authors:   Multinational Corps Command South-East, Sibiu, STANCU Mihai-Cristian
Published: May 2022

"Command-and-control is not only a combat function, but also a system that encompasses personnel, processes, communication and information system/ CIS, as well as command posts/CPs, used to lead the tactical activities of the Land Task Force/LTF, in particular, and of any force structure, in general. Command-and-control, more than any of the combat functions, will decisively influence the outcome of military action. In order to develop the present article, we have used a series of analysis and scientific research methods specific to sociology, but with applicability in the field of military science. For the analysis of command-and-control as a combat function, we have used the data collection method as well as the historical method to show what the roots of the mission command in military art history are. Subsequently, using the analysis method, we have managed to present the most important aspects regarding the organisation of the command-andcontrol system of the LTFs as well as a “code of good practices” regarding the organisation of the Battle Rhythm/BR and the decision-making during the execution of military activities. An efficient command-and-control of the LTFs during military activities is the result of the compliance with the principles of command and control and the harmonisation of the staff processes carried out within the CPs deployed during military actions, in order to optimise the understanding – analysis – planning/ synchronisation – decision – dissemination decision-making cycle."
Military Mobility – A Present-Day Requirement –
Authors:   “Carol I” National Defence University, București, GHEONDEA Daniel , PLEȘANU Toma ,   „Nicolae Bălcescu” Land Forces Academy , Sibiu
Published: May 2022

"The current security threats identified in the vicinity of the European Union Member States generate new approaches in the field of collective defence, in close connection to the reanalysis of practical ways to implement mutual support and increase the military mobility of the allied countries, taking into account the multiple legislative and procedural implications, the need for well-founded analyses of the transit areas and the efficient use of the available transport infrastructure. Referring to the national approach, analysed from the perspective of the mobility-force protection binomial, the military mobility highlights the need to identify relevant solutions for approaching various obstacles, manoeuvring in the tactical field, ensuring the viability of roads and identifying routes to bypass inaccessible areas. Also, knowing the existing limitations in transport infrastructure and identifying the solutions to eliminate them are priorities for all the European states. In order to substantiate the decisions to increase military mobility, viewed from both a national and a multinational perspective, the military planners can use the mathematical models for the decision-making process under certainty conditions, which leads to viable well-founded solutions that can underlie the success of the military operations involving different structures of military forces."
The Main Risks and Threats to NATO’s Eastern Flank
Authors:   “Carol I” National Defence University, București, POPESCU Alba Iulia
Published: May 2022

"Located within the Ponto-Baltic Isthmus, the North Atlantic Alliance’s (NATO) Eastern border faces a number of threats, which exceed in diversity and breadth the existing challenges at other border territories of the Alliance. In addition to the historical, permanent threats generated by the geographical and geopolitical position of the Eastern flank states, there are also new threats, that occurred in a pandemic context, especially in the context of the current technological era. This article aims to identify and analyse the main risks and threats facing NATO’s Eastern flank states and to argue the need for complex, multi-purpose support for the materialisation, consolidation and securitisation of the East-European North-South Corridor."
Security of 5G Networks – A Complex Issue –
Authors:   Radio Frequency Management Agency, Defence Staff, GEORGESCU Valentin
Published: May 2022

"The history of mobile telecommunications is not very old. It has been a bit more than 40 years since the first generation of cellular communications (1G) was launched on the market, offering the possibility of making and receiving phone calls while on the go, even accompanied by a number of technological limitations, including network and system security. Each new generation of technologies that followed this stage brought significant diversification and improvements in services. Today, there is more and more talk of the fifth generation of mobile communications technologies (5G). The security aspects of 5G networks are a hot topic worldwide, both among major state and nonstate actors. This article highlights the main characteristics of 5G technologies and why security of 5G networks is essential and complex."
Organisational Culture – Modeling Factor of Military Leadership
Authors:   Regional Department of Defence Resources Management Studies, Brașov, POPA Brîndușa Maria
Published: May 2022

"Organisational culture embodies not only a system of beliefs, values, and attitudes of the people forming the organisation, it is also a formative or shaping factor of its leadership as leadership, in its turn, shapes culture. Leaders are responsible for creating systems on which culture develops and norms are reinforced in the workplace. Culture, in response, influences the organisational environment and the strategies built to fulfil the organisational vision and mission, the policies and processes that allow this process. An organisational culture that promotes excellence, fairness, team spirit, characteristics underlain by open, two-way communication, induces the people formed in such an environment to embrace and promote its characteristics. Inevitably, the military organisation is subject to these functional principles, its members being shaped by the organisation specifics, and military education, as part of this organisation, can make a major contribution to the development of culture and the formation of leaders. We will try to demonstrate these ideas based on the analysis of the specialised studies mentioned in the article, but also on personal empirical observations."
Military Education – Between Tradition, Modernity and Finding a Purpose
Authors:   Regional Department of Defence Resources Management Studies, Brașov, CODREANU Aura , VASILESCU Cezar ,   Regional Department of Defence Resources Management Studies, Brașov
Published: May 2022

"Leadership, along with discipline, ethics, organisational culture and specific socialisation practices, is one of the most important pillars (Brown, Treviño, 2006) of the military profession. As such, professional military leadership is one of the key aspects emphasised at strategic level. One prominent example in this respect is the Romanian Military Strategy of 2021 (2021, pp. 3-4) which views it as one of the means of securing organisational and national resilience in a volatile, complex, and uncertain environment. Furthermore, as the 2020-2024 Romanian National Defence Strategy states (2020, p. 32), resilience is one of the key areas targeted by the NATO-EU cooperation agenda where Romania pledges to contribute. Following the strategic acknowledgment that professional military leadership is needed in order to meet future challenges in the defence and security field, the current article discusses the ways and means by which professional military leadership development can further the end of securing organisational resilience in the defence and security field, and hence that of consolidating national resilience."
Protein requirements for optimal nitrogen retention in resistance-trained individuals.
Authors: Bradley-Popovich Greg Edward , Nomani Zafar
Published: May 2022

GREG BRADLEY-POPOVICH, School of Exercise Science & Athletic Training, West Virginia Wesleyan College, Buckhannon, WV, 26201, and M. ZAFAR NOMANI, Div Family & Consumer Sciences (emeritus), West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506. Protein requirements for optimal nitrogen retention in resistance-trained individuals. The protein requirements of individuals engaged in resistance exercise has been debated for decades, and a curious new trend in the fitness industry is the seemingly counterintuitive notion of low-protein diets. Nitrogen balance studies are a common and accepted means of assessing protein status.   The objective of this study was to statistically analyze previously published nitrogen balance studies to find the model that best describes the relationship between protein intake and nitrogen retention, as well as to elucidate significant variable(s) affecting nitrogen retention.   Nine studies yielding a total of 17 subgroups, which had been allotted various quantities of protein during a resistance training program, were analyzed using Statistica Computer Software. Nitrogen retention was tested for correlations against 10 independent variables using multiple models. The level of significance was set at a value of p ≤ .05. A linear regression model revealed the highest correlation ( r = .698) between nitrogen intake per kg body weight per day and nitrogen balance per kg body weight per day. This relationship was highly significant ( p  .006). Zero balance was calculated to occur at a protein intake of 1.35 g/kg/day, and net protein utilization, equal to the slope, was found to be 27.0%.   The results suggest that weight-trained persons require greater protein intake simply to maintain muscle mass. Further increases in protein ingestion lead to a more positive nitrogen balance, suggestive of muscle accretion. These data do not support the concept of a low-protein diet for persons engaged in resistance training.