bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Maternal self-esteem and self-efficacy as factors affecting maternal long-term breastfeeding: Α comprehensive review of the literature
Authors: Anastasia AGALIANOU  , Anastasia BOTHOU  , Maria DAGLAS  , Victoria VIVILAKI  , Ermioni PALASKA
Published: April 2024

Background: Breastfeeding is widely recognized as the optimal feeding method for infants, providing numerous health benefits, both for the infant and the mother. Numerous factors have been noted to influence its success, and currently, maternal self-esteem and more particularly self-efficacy, have been recognized as important determinants as well. To this end, it is essential to take into account the role of maternal self-esteem in achieving and sustaining breastfeeding. Methods: This review of the current medical literature aims to investigate the correlation between maternal self-efficacy and breastfeeding duration. A total of 23 articles were selected for comprehensive review, following an online search for relevant literature dating from 2009 onward. All articles were analyzed, identifying key themes, approaches, and conclusions regarding breastfeeding behaviors and maternal self-efficacy. Results: The findings consistently demonstrated that higher levels of maternal self-efficacy were associated with better breastfeeding outcomes, including longer duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Interventions targeting self-efficacy, such as educational programs and counseling, were found to be effective in enhancing breastfeeding self-confidence and promoting prolonged breastfeeding. However, it was observed that maternal breastfeeding self-efficacy tends to decline over time, highlighting the need for continuous support and interventions. Conclusions: Maternal self-esteem, particularly self-efficacy, is vital in achieving long-term breastfeeding goals. Interventions and support programs that enhance maternal self-efficacy have shown promise in improving breastfeeding outcomes. Ongoing support, counseling, and access to breastfeeding resources are crucial for maintaining and improving self-efficacy levels throughout the breastfeeding journey. Healthcare professionals and policymakers should consider incorporating strategies to enhance maternal self-esteem into breastfeeding support initiatives for better breastfeeding outcomes. Further research is required to explore cultural and social influences on maternal self-esteem and develop tailored interventions for diverse populations
Role of artificial intelligence in education: A conceptual review
Authors: Muhammad Tahir  , Farha Deeba Hassan  , Mudasir Rahim Shagoo
Published: April 2024

The increasing availability of Artificial Intelligence and related tools and technologies has made it possible to use AI in various domains of life. The field of education is also witnessing an increasing use of AI; however, its scope and related challenges remain unclear. In the current paper, we, by using previous empirical and theoretical studies, provided an overview of the use of AI in the education field, its related challenges, and future opportunities. Accordingly, we noted that AI is being used in the Education field as evidenced by global initiatives such as UNESCO. We also noted that AI applications in the education field include enabling the preparation of content, assignments, automated grading, and assistance to students. The benefits of AI in education include greater flexibility in terms of time and space and a changing role of the tutor as a facilitator. We also discussed key challenges including ethical issues such as data privacy, lack of inclusion and equity for students of all backgrounds, and lack of human touch. Based on these themes we concluded that AI's role in education will increase in the future, but the challenges also need to be addressed to fully unlock the benefits of AI in the education field.
Daya Matematis Siswa Kelas VIII dalam Memecahkan Masalah Geometri Ditinjau dari Taksonomi SOLO
Authors: Kusmaryono Imam
Published: April 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menyelidiki adanya pencapaian KKM dari kemampuan daya matematis siswa kelas VIII dan menganalisa tingkat perkembangan kognitif dari kemampuan daya matematis siswa kelas VIII ditinjau dari Taksonomi SOLO. Penelitian menerapkan pendekatan kuantitatif. Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMP Islam Sultan Agung 4 Semarang. Populasi sebanyak 182 siswa kelas VIII. Melalui teknik cluster random sampling diperoleh kelas VIII-E (sebanyak 30 siswa) sebagai kelas eksperimen. Pembelajaran menerapkan model group investigation dengan materi geometri bangun ruang sisi datar. Instrumen penelitian meliputi soal tes tertulis.Â  Hasil respon jawaban siswa dari tes daya matematika dianalisa berpanduan pada Structure of the Observed Learning OutcomesTaxonomy (SOLO).Â  Hasil temuan penelitian menunjukkan (1)Â  Tingkat Perkembangan kognitif daya matematis siswa kelas VIII dalam memecahkan masalah geometri ditinjau dari taksonomi SOLO belum sepenuhnya mencapai perkembangan kognitif tingkat permikiranÂ  kualitatif (relational dan extended abstract), tetapi masih terdapat perkembangan kognitif tingkat pemikiran kuantitatif (uni-structural dan multi-structural); dan (2) Penerapan model pembelajaran group investigation efektif dalam pencapaian KKM daya matematis siswa kelas VIII pada materi geometri.Kata kunci: Daya matematis, mathematikal power, geometri, taksonomi SOLOÂ AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate the existence of the achievement of the KKM from the mathematical abilities of the eighth-grade students and to analyze the level of cognitive development of the eighth-grade students' mathematical abilities in terms of the SOLO taxonomy. This research applies a quantitative approach. The research was conducted at SMP Islam Sultan Agung 4 Semarang. The population was 182 students of class VIII. Through the cluster, random sampling technique, the VIII-E class (as many as 30 students) was obtained as the experimental class. Learning to apply the group investigation model with the geometry material of the flat side space shape. The research instrument includes written test questions. The results of student responses from the mathematics power test were analyzed based on the Structure of the Observed Learning OutcomesTaxonomy (SOLO). The results of the research findings show (1) the level of cognitive development of mathematical power of grade VIII students in solving geometry problems in terms of the SOLO taxonomy has not fully achieved cognitive development at the level of qualitative thinking (relational and extended abstract), but there is still cognitive development in the level of quantitative thinking (uni-structural). and multi-structural); and (2) The application of the group investigation learning model was effective in achieving the KKM of mathematical power of grade VIII students on geometry material.Keywords: Mathematical power, mathematical power, geometry, SOLO taxonomy
PENERAPAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING BERBANTUAN MEDIA TANGRAM UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KONSENTRASI DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS I
Authors: Kholisoh Siti
Published: April 2024

Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan konsentrasi dan prestasi belajar matematika pada siswa kelas 1 SD Negeri 1 Karangtalun Kidul. Metode penelitian adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada siswa kelas 1 SD Negeri 1 Karangtalun Kidul. Pelaksanaan penelitian ini menggunakan dua siklus terdiri atas empat tahap, yaitu (1) perencanaan, (2) tindakan, (3) observasi, dan (4) refleksi. Hasil penelitian penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning ini dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi dan prestasi belajar siswa. Pada aspek afektif siswa terdapat peningkatan pada siklus 1 mendapat nilai rata-rata siswa 82,77% kemudian pada siklus 2 siswa mengalami peningkatan lagi dengan mendapat nilai rata-rata siswa menjadi 83.33%. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan problem based learning berbantuan media tangram dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi dan prestasi belajar pada siswa kelas 1 SD Negeri 1 Karangtalun Kidul
KEMAMPUAN LITERASI NUMERASI KELAS V SD NEGERI SEBANI II DITINJAU DARI KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH
Authors: Aini Nimas Masyitha Nur
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan sejauh mana kemampuan literasi berhitung siswa kelas V SD Sebani II ditinjau dari kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya beberapa siswa dan siswa yang belum memahami matematika dan belum terbiasa mengerjakan soal berupa pemecahan masalah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Subyek sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V SD Negeri Sebani II. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara dan tes literasi berhitung dengan 2 soal. Analisis hasil yang diperoleh masih tergolong rendah dalam pemecahan masalah, hal ini disebabkan karena mereka tidak memahami masalah dan tidak terbiasa menyelesaikan masalah dalam bentuk pemecahan masalah
Student Perspectives on State Universities in Surabaya
Authors: Noerhartati Endang , Sahid Budiharseno Rianmahardhika
Published: April 2024

In this digital era, online reviews are an important factor influencing prospective students' decisions in choosing a university. This research focuses on the influence of online reviews on students' perceptions of state universities in Surabaya. Using quantitative and qualitative approaches, this study explores the level of student satisfaction and its impact on their decision in choosing a university. The research results show that online reviews, as a form of digital word-of-mouth, have a significant role in providing honest and unfiltered insight into campus life, facilities, instructors, and other aspects. This research also found that students use online reviews as one of the main sources of information before making online purchases through the marketplace. With increasing internet access, students have become more informed and selective, relying not only on academic reputation but also on real-world experiences shared by other students. This study suggests universities in Surabaya to be proactive in managing online reviews to ensure a positive and accurate image of their institutions, which can ultimately increase their attractiveness to prospective new students.
SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT AND QUALITY MANAGEMENT TOWARDS COFFEE WASTE BRIQUETTE INNOVATION AS AN ALTERNATIVE FUEL SOLUTION IN INDONESIA
Authors: Musyafri Musyafri , Syah Tantri Yanuar Rahmat
Published: April 2024

Coffee grounds waste briquettes are charcoal blocks, lumps, or sticks that can be burned, manufactured from coffee grounds waste that has been printed in such a shape and size with a certain pressure strength and mixed with a fuel adhesive such as tapioca flour. Coffee grounds waste as biomass waste has the potential to be used as a raw material in the production of bio briquettes due to its calorific value of 5,764 kcal/kg, which is higher than that of medium-rank coal (5,141 kcal/kg). PT. Energia Kopi Kreasindo is a biofuel briquette manufacturer that processes biomass.
The surplus of coffee grounds produced by the instant coffee processing industry and their underutilization in 2022 inspired the conception of this product. This study will examine how the coffee dregs briquettes market can attain its full potential by preserving its supply chain and quality management.
ESTRESSE, FATORES ASSOCIADOS E COPING ENTRE ESTUDANTES DO ENSINO MÉDIO: À LUZ DE BETTY NEUMAN
Authors: SILVA BARBOSA JEFFERSON , RIBEIRO DE VASCONCELOS ELIANE MARIA
Published: April 2024

Objetivos: Identificar, na literatura, os principais fatores associados ao estresse e seu enfrentamento entre os estudantes do ensino médio na ótica da Teoria dos Sistemas Abertos de Betty Neuman  Método: Trata-se se uma pesquisa do tipo revisão integrativa, que tem como finalidade a síntese de resultados obtidos em pesquisas sobre um tema pré-selecionado. Realizou-se a busca em seis bases de dados: LILACS, MEDLINE/Pubmed, CUIDEN, SCOPUS, ERIC E COCHRANE e a Scientific electronic library online (SciELO). Após critérios de inclusão e exclusão somaram-se 14 artigos para a pesquisa. Resultados : Foram encontrados como principais Fatores associados ao estresse a privação do sono, alimentação inadequada, Violência territorial, Práticas parentais prejudiciais, Falta de convívio familiar, Pressões acadêmicas e transição para a vida adulta. No tocante das Estratégias de enfrentamento evidencia-se as terapias alternativas, como musicoterapia e yoga, além da religiosidade, que pode promover bem-estar emocional. Essas práticas, quando integradas a um plano de cuidado abrangente, ajudaram os estudantes a lidar com o estresse e melhorar a qualidade de vida. Considerações finais: A Teoria dos Modelos dos Sistemas Abertos de Betty Neuman ajudou na compreensão dos estressores que os estudantes vivenciam, gerando conclusões mais precisas. Durante o ensino médio, desafios como privação de sono e alimentação afetam saúde física e mental, mas estratégias como musicoterapia e yoga promovem bem-estar.
Tıbbi Malpraktis Konusunda DergiPark Üzerinden Ulaşılan Dergilerde Yayımlanmış Makalelerin İncelenmesi
Authors: Yasdı Aykut , Torun Serap
Published: April 2024

Binlerce yıl öncesinden bugüne uzanan bir konu olan tıbbi malpraktis, günümüzde sağlık ve hukuk gibi meslek disiplinlerinin ilgilendiği konulardan biri olması nedeniyle, geniş bir yelpazede irdelenmesi gerekmektedir.
Çalışmada tıbbi malpraktis konusunda DergiPark’ta 2022 yılı sonuna kadar yayımlanmış makaleler yayımlandığı yıla ve yayımlayan disiplinlere göre sayısal olarak incelenmiş olup elde edilen sonuçlarla meslek disiplinlerinin konuya ilgisini ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır.
Bu çalışma retrospektif yöntem kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak tıbbi malpraktis konusunda DergiPark üzerinden ulaşılan dergilerde yayımlanmış makaleler incelenmiştir. 01.03.2024 tarihinde, DergiPark’ta belirlenen başlıklarla (Tıbbi hata, Malpraktis, Tıbbi malpraktis, Tıbbi uygulama hatası, Uygulama hatası, Hatalı uygulama, Hatalı tıbbi uygulama), yayımlanmış olan makale başlıklarında ve anahtar kelimelerinde konuya ilişkin yapılan taramalar sonucunda bulgular sistematik olarak incelenmiştir. İstatistiksel olarak sayı ve yüzde değerleri kullanılmıştır.
Bulgulara göre tıbbi malpraktise ilişkin en erken rastlanılan akademik yayın tarihi olan 2005 yılından itibaren 2022 yılı sonuna kadar 300 adet kayıtlı akademik yayın bulunmuştur. Bu konuda en çok çalışma katkısının hemşirelik alanından yapıldığı görülmektedir. Hemşirelik alanını sırasıyla sağlık yönetimi ve adli tıp alanları takip etmektedir. Yıllara göre yapılan incelemede ise 2013 yılından itibaren artış görülmekte olup 2016 yılı ve 2018-2022 yılları arasındaki akademik yayın sayılarındaki artışlar göze çarpmaktadır.
Comprehensive Board of Commissioner Diversity and Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure in Indonesia
Authors: Joni Joni , Natalia Maria , En Tan Kwang , Leliana Leliana
Published: April 2024

This study examines the effect of comprehensive board of commissioner diversity (BOC_DIV) and corporate responsibility (CSR) disclosure for listed companies in Indonesia from 2019 – 2020. The implementation of CSR is growing in emerging markets, including Indonesia. In the context of the dual board system in Indonesia, the role of the board of commissioner is vital to address the growing CSR issue through their monitoring and supervising functions. We based our study on Indonesian-listed firms across industries. However, we exclude the financial sector due to different policies. Multiple Regression is employed to investigate the relationship, and the Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) model is executed to identify whether our model falls into the endogeneity problem. The results showed that several Board of Commissioner characteristics (such as size, independence, and gender) are positively associated with CSR disclosure. After testing for the endogeneity problem, the findings remain similar. We examine several dimensions of the board of commissioner diversity on non-financial outcomes, especially CSR disclosure, in the context of developing countries where a dual board system is implemented.
Elmalılı Tefsirinde Zamirlerin Mercii Meselesi
Authors: Kılıçkeser Enes , Şirin Şükrü
Published: April 2024

İslam dininin ana kaynağı Kur’an-ı Kerim’in bir metin olarak daha iyi anlaşılabilmesi için başlangıçtan itibaren belirli yöntemler izlenmiştir. Bir usul sistematiği içinde gelişen bu yöntemler arasında dil kuralları da kendine bir yer bulmuştur. Kur’an metni, dil kurallarının oluşmasında birincil kaynak konumunda olsa da bizzat kendi metninin anlaşılmasında dil kuralları belirleyici olmuştur. Nitekim klasik dönemde başlayan lugavî tefsir çalışmaları bu anlayışın bir sonucu olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Sonraki dönemlerde dilsel konular tikel olarak ele alınmaya başlamış ve konu-eser bazlı çalışmalar yoğunluk kazanmıştır. Bu bağlamda zamirlerin merciine dair tercihler, farklı yorumlara zemin hazırlayan konulardan biri olmuştur. Zira bazı kullanımlarda birden çok kelime bir zamir için merci olabilecek özelliktedir ve bunlardan birinin tercih edilmesi gerekir. Yapılan tercihler ise anlamın farklılaşmasına sebep olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada Kur’an-ı Kerim’de zamirlerin mercii meselesi, zamanına kadar yazılan tefsirlerin pek çoğundan istifade edilerek Elmalılı tarafından kaleme alınan Hak Dini Kur’an Dili adlı eser ekseninde ele alınmıştır. Tefsirin-de sadece nakil ile yetinmeyerek kendi özgün görüşlerine de yer veren müellifin zamirin mercii konusun-daki tercihleri tespit edilmiş, diğer müfessirlerin tercihleriyle karşılaştırılmıştır. Ayrıca müellifin tefsirinde yer alan tercihleri ile yine kendisi tarafından kaleme alınan mealindeki tercihleri değerlendirilmiş farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. Böylece zamirin merciinin belirlenmesi üzerinden ortaya çıkan farklı anlam ve yorumlara ulaşılarak bunların gerekçeleri ortaya konulmuş, farklı manaların hükme dair muhtemel etkileri üzerinde durulmuştur. Elmalılı tefsirinde tespit edilen yaklaşık on sekiz tane zamirin mercii konusundan dokuz tanesi incelenerek öncelikli olarak diğer müfessirlerden farklı olan tercihleri tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca Elma-lılı’nın kendine has tercihlerindeki argümanları incelenerek delilleri değerlendirilmiştir. Tercih sırasında ifade edilen takdirlerin dil kuralları açısından tutarlılığı da araştırılmıştır. Özellikle üç ayette yer alan zamirin mercii konusunda Elmalılı’nın kendine özgü bir yol izlediği ortaya konmuştur. Bazı zamirlerde ise pek az müfessir tarafından kabul edilen yorumları tercih ettiği görülmüştür.
HALERPESTES SARMENTOSA (RANUNCULACEAE)– A NEW SPECIES IN THE RED DATA BOOK OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN AND PROBLEMS OF ITS CONSERVATION
Authors:   Ufa Institute of Biology of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia, Maslova N.V. , Muldashev A.A. ,   Ufa Institute of Biology of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
Published: April 2024

The species Halerpestes sarmentosa (Adams) Kom. (H. salsuginosa auct. non Greene) is one of the rare species of the family Ranunculaceae Juss. in the flora of the Republic of Bashkortostan (RB). The species is included in the Red Book of the Republic of Bashkortostan, 3rd edition [2021] with regional protection status: 1) rarity status category: 2 – species declining in number; 2) endangered status category: vulnerable species; 3) conservation status: II priority (it is necessary to implement one or more special measures to preserve the species in the Bashkir Trans-Urals). In the republic, two locations of the species are known in the Abzelilovsky region (the shores of Lake Muldakkul and Lake Chebarkul). In the Bashkir Trans-Urals, the species is located on the western border of its range.The geographical distribution, features of ecology and biology are considered, limiting factors, measures taken and necessary to conservation this species are considered.
Insights into Girne Ancient Harbor: Analyzing the Landscaping in Historical Coastal Context with Urban Waterfront Development Principles
Authors: Üzümcüoğlu Doğa , Polay Mukaddes
Published: April 2024

This article thoroughly analyzes the Girne Ancient Harbor and its coastal landscape, employing urban waterfront development principles. The study aims to provide valuable insights for enhancing the urban landscape and ensuring resilience. The research approach incorporates field surveys, archival data analysis, and urban design principles to assess the current state of Girne Ancient Harbor and identify development opportunities. The study explores public access, connectivity, green spaces, urban furniture, and water and land connections by emphasizing environmental and social considerations. The findings highlight the harbor's potential for improvement by capitalizing on its historical and cultural significance. Urban waterfront development principles can create a vibrant, inclusive, and resilient urban environment for residents and visitors. Balancing historical context with contemporary design elements is crucial for successful development. The implications extend beyond Girne Ancient Harbor, benefiting coastal areas facing similar challenges. This research provides a valuable resource for urban planners, architects, policymakers, and heritage conservationists involved in comprehensive development. Ultimately, this article emphasizes the importance of Girne Ancient Harbor as a cultural asset and presents a framework for analyzing the coastal landscape through urban waterfront development principles. By embracing comprehensive strategies and preserving heritage value, the harbor can transform into a thriving urban space while maintaining its unique character.
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Authors: Doğan Sümeyra
Published: April 2024

Hızlı nüfus artışı ve plansız kentleşme nedeniyle kent peyzajında çeşitli yaş grubundaki çocukların ilgisini çeken çocuk oyun alanları yeterli olmamaktadır. Kentsel peyzajda açık yeşil alan sistemi içerisinde çocuk odaklı planlama ve tasarım çalışmaları peyzaj mimarlarının çalışma ve araştırma alanlarıdır. Özellikle nüfusun artmasıyla birlikte her geçen yıl artan sorunlar sonucunda çocukların oyun oynama hakları ellerinden alınmaktadır. Çocuk oyun alanları kentlerde çocuklara oyun hakkının verileceği en önemli alanlardır. Çocuk oyun alanlarının çocuklara kazandırdığı değerler gelecek nesillere aktarılacak ve sağlıklı bir toplum çocukluk döneminde kazanılan değerlerle anlam kazanacaktır. Bu nedenle çocuk için ama çocukla birlikte ve aileyi yadsımayan projelerde çocuğun katılımcı olduğu çok katmanlı ve adil bir kent yaşamı kurgulanmalıdır. Bu projelerden biri de “Çocuk Dostu Kentler” yaklaşımıdır. Araştırmada kent ve çocuklar üzerinde durularak, çocuklar için oyunun önemi, çocuk oyun alanlarının kent peyzajındaki önemi ve ulusal ve uluslararası düzeyde çocukların oyun hakkının önemi ortaya konularak, çocuk oyun alanlarının peyzaj planlaması, peyzaj tasarımı ve peyzaj yönetimi çalışmaları ile çocuk oyun alanlarının değerlendirilmesi, çocuk dostu kent girişimi desteği ile bu boyutlarla değerlendirilecektir.
Genetic influences on suicide attempt in adolescence: Evaluating mediation by impulsivity and painful and provocative events
Authors: Stephenson Mallory , Lannoy severine , Edwards Alexis
Published: April 2024

Background: Genetic risk factors, impulsivity, and exposure to painful and provocative events (PPEs) have each been linked with risk for suicide attempt (SA). However, the degree to which genetic associations with SA are mediated by dimensions of impulsivity and PPEs remains unexplored, particularly in early adolescence. Methods: Participants were 6,402 individuals (52.0% male, 48.0% female, 72.3% European ancestry, 27.7% African ancestry, mean age at baseline = 9.47 years, SD = 0.51 years) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. Genetic liability for SA was measured using polygenic scores and family history density scores. Multiple dimensions of impulsivity were assessed using self-report measures and laboratory tasks, and potential PPEs included injuries, traumatic events, non-suicidal self-injury, and operations. A series of mediation models was specified to evaluate whether genetic associations with SA risk were mediated by impulsivity and PPE exposure. Separate models were tested in adolescents of European and African ancestry. Sex, age, socioeconomic factors, and depressive symptoms were included as covariates.Results: Genetic liability for SA was largely unrelated to impulsivity, PPE exposure, and SA risk (|β| = 0.00-0.34). In addition, there was little support for the hypothesis that more impulsive individuals are more likely to experience PPEs, with the exception that urgency and low conscientiousness were significantly related to non-suicidal self-injury (|β| = 0.09-0.19). Several dimensions of impulsivity and two PPEs (non-suicidal self-injury and traumatic events) were related to increased risk for SA (|β| = 0.32-0.76).Conclusions: Impulsivity and PPEs each contribute to risk for SA. However, there is little support for the hypothesis that genetic influences on SA are mediated by impulsivity and PPE exposure in early adolescence.
Values as goals for happiness: An analysis of value structure and well-being
Authors: Neuroth Alex , Walsh Isobel , Karl Johannes Alfons
Published: April 2024

The relationship between values, well-being, and fit is incompletely understood. This study explored the structure of values as motivational goals for happiness and compared this structure with Schwartz’s general value structure. Furthermore, we examined whether or not congruence between endorsement of values in general and endorsement of values as goals for happiness increases individual hedonic/eudaimonic well-being. Undergraduate students (N=343) completed the Schwartz Values Survey, the Portrait Values Questionnaire, and measures of eudaimonic (Meaning in Life Questionnaire; Flourishing Scale) and hedonic well-being (Satisfaction with Life Scale; Subjective Happiness Scale). Multidimensional scaling was implemented to map value structures, which were subsequently compared using Procrustes rotation. Our congruence hypothesis was tested using response surface analysis. The results show that the structure of general values and the structure of values as goals for happiness were highly similar (ΦVTG = 0.93, ΦVGH = 0.95), implying that Schwartz’s Value Theory applies to values as goals for happiness and supporting our conceptualisation of values as motivational goals for happiness. Congruence hypothesis models contradicted our congruence hypothesis, indicating that factors other than reduced motivational conflict have bearing on the relationship between values and well-being. Implications of these findings and future directions are discussed.
Selective Engagement of Cognitive Resources Fail to Account for Age-Related Positive Skew Bias
Authors: Frank Colleen C , Seaman Kendra Leigh , Garza Christopher
Published: April 2024

Many risky decisions in everyday life are skewed—that is, the risks and their associated outcomes are unevenly distributed. There is robust evidence that people tend to prefer ‘positively skewed’ choices, which have a small probability of a large gain coupled with a large probability of a small to moderate loss (e.g., a lottery ticket). Recent evidence suggests that the strength of this positive skew bias increases with age. In this preregistered study (https://osf.io/ugf6s/), we aimed to determine whether the age-related positive skew bias can be partially explained by the selective engagement of cognitive resources to avoid choices with larger potential losses (i.e., negatively skewed gambles). To test this, we manipulated cognitive control demands by introducing a time pressure manipulation during a decision making task. Because engaging in cognitive control takes time, particularly for older adults, limiting the decision window can reduce cognitive control. Participants (N = 78) made a series of choices between a certain, safe option (no winning or losing additional money), and an uncertain skewed option (chance of winning or losing money with some probability) with and without time pressure. If older adults selectively engage their cognitive resources during negatively skewed gambles to avoid large potential losses, we expected to see that under time pressure, there would be a reduction in the positive skew bias for older adults. We found that time pressure did not influence preference for skewed gambles, suggesting that the age-related positive skew bias cannot be accounted for by selective loss avoidance. However, we did replicate the previous findings of an age-related increase in positive skew bias in our sample, finding that with increased age, preference for positively skewed gambles increases while preference for negatively skewed gambles decreases.
The complexity of human subjective experience during binocular rivalry
Authors: Yilmaz Cemre , Pabel Laura , Kerschenbauer Elias , Ischebeck Anja , Sipatchin Alexandra , Bartels Andreas , Zaretskaya Natalia
Published: April 2024

Our subjective experience of the sensory information is rich and complex. Yet, typical cognitive and perception psychology paradigms reduce it to a few pre-defined discrete categories, like yes/no answers or the Likert scales. In the current study, we examined the complexity of subjective visual experience during binocular rivalry, a major experimental paradigm used to study conscious visual perception and its neural mechanisms. Binocular rivalry occurs when the two eyes are presented with two different images that cannot be fused into a uniform percept. As a result, the conscious perception alternates between the two images with brief transition phases in-between. Fifty-two subjects viewed binocular rivalry produced by pairs of stimuli with different visual information (images, orthogonal gratings or moving dots). After each rivalry period, they indicated how many different transition types they perceived and described their perception of each transition type. Using content analysis we identified 20 unique categories over all subjects, sessions, and stimuli. On average, participants reported 2-3 unique transition categories for each visual stimulus combination. The categories were consistent for each observer over time but varied across participants and stimulus content. Our results show that perceptual transitions during binocular rivalry appear in different forms and depend on the specific visual stimulus content that induces rivalry. Our findings have implications for neuroimaging studies of binocular rivalry, which may yield different results depending on the exact experience of transitions. They also demonstrate how the complexity of subjective visual experience may be underestimated in traditional perception paradigms.
Associations between anxiety-related traits and fear acquisition and extinction - an item-based content and meta-analysis [Stage 1 Registered Report]
Authors: Bruntsch Maria , Cooper Samuel Emerson , Abend Rany , Boor Marian , Chalkia Anastasia , Ehlers Mana R , Czeszumski Artur , Johnson David Charles , Klingelhöfer-Jens Maren , Morriss Jayne , Mueller Erik Malte , Zika Ondrej , Lonsdorf Tina B
Published: April 2024

Background: Dysregulated processing of fear and safety has been linked to anxietysymptoms and related traits, e.g., neuroticism, intolerance of uncertainty or negative emotionality. Yet, different studies focus on different aspects of fear acquisition and extinction, outcome measures, and anxiety-related traits, making an integrative approach to the association of anxiety-related traits and fear acquisition and extinction difficult. This limits effective translation of experimental insights on these etiology- and treatment-relevant processes to the clinic.Methods: To address this gap, a systematic literature search and meta-analysis of the associations between anxiety-related traits and fear acquisition and extinction will be conducted following PRISMA guidelines. A series of nested random effects models will be used to investigate associations between anxiety-related traits and frequently used outcome measures of fear acquisition and extinction (i.e., psychophysiological and self-reports). Different questionnaires used in these studies to assess anxiety-related traits will be further used as moderators to investigate whether identified associations between fear acquisition and extinction performance and traits are contingent on the specific questionnaire used.Furthermore, an item-based content analysis of the questionnaires used in the identified studies will be conducted to assess content overlap between the different anxiety-related traits. This analysis will help to evaluate the content-based similarities (or dissimilarities) between different anxiety-related traits as assessed through different questionnaires and hence further inform the interpretation of the meta-analytical results.
Repetition Does Not Increase Belief in Claims From Distrusted Politicians
Authors: Orchinik Reed , Bhui Rahul , Rand David Gertler
Published: April 2024

Repeating falsehoods is a common political tactic, and a large body of research on the illusory truth effect suggests that such repetition should increase belief in these claims. This repetition effect is generally thought to be a low-level cognitive bias that applies broadly across scenarios and people, making it a powerful force in political persuasion. In contrast, we adopt the theoretical framework of adaptive rationality and argue that repetition should not increase belief in claims if they are made by distrusted sources. We test this prediction in a large (N = 2,484) pre-registered experiment in which American partisans are shown real claims made by Donald Trump and Joe Biden, and a randomly selected subset of claims are repeated. Consistent with our predictions, we find that repetition does not increase belief if the participant distrusts the politician making the claim. By showing that source credibility is a powerful moderator of the illusory truth effect, we demonstrate an important limitation on the power of repetition for inducing belief.
Be Careful What You Wish For: The Double-Edged Sword of Perfectionism During Graduate Studies
Authors: Gaudreau Patrick , Benoît Antoine
Published: April 2024

Research on perfectionism in graduate school found inconsistent associations between perfectionistic standards and psychological outcomes. Such unanticipated results led to the development of the Model of Excellencism and Perfectionism (MEP) to differentiate people who pursue high personal standards from those who pursue perfectionistic standards. Recent studies with undergraduate students showed that excellencism and perfectionism are distinct constructs differentially associated with achievement and psychological outcomes. In this study, our goal was to offer the first empirical test of the MEP in graduate school with a sample of 376 graduate students. Results of confirmatory factor analyses on the Scale of Perfectionism and Excellencism provided evidence for the conceptual separation of excellencism and perfectionism. Results of multiple regression showed that perfectionistic students (compared to excellence strivers) are more likely to interact with their research supervisor using perfectionistic self-presentation strategies. Furthermore, perfection strivers (compared to excellence strivers) reported higher research self-efficacy and satisfaction with their research productivity. When accounting for satisfaction with research productivity, perfection strivers were more prone to experience academic burnout and they reported higher intentions to dropout from graduate school. Overall, it appears that perfectionism is associated with both desirable and undesirable outcomes. Perfectionism in graduate school is paradoxical and operates like a double-edged sword. These findings are interpreted in light of the competitive and pressuring demands of graduate school and the need to help graduate students strike a balance between their achievement and psychological wellness.
Global Care Policy Index 2020 Country Report: New Zealand
Authors: Kandel Reeva , Zeng Anmei , Paul Anju Mary
Published: April 2024

New Zealand has done reasonably well in protecting workers in its formal economy. The country has ratified 61 ILO conventions and has 33 currently in force. There is, however, a lack of domestic worker protections in New Zealand. It also lacks flexible work arrangements for employees with care responsibilities. Overall, New Zealand had a score of 7.33 for Sub-Index A, but a lower score of 6.44 for Sub-Index B.
Campaigning for the revolution: Freedom, social justice and citizenship imaginaries in the Egyptian Uprising
Authors: Sobhy Hania
Published: April 2024

The limited electoral success of pro-Revolution forces during the Arab uprisings is often attributed to their weak political and organizational resources. Yet, in the first round of Egypt’s historic 2012 presidential elections, pro-Revolution candidates Hamdin Sabahi and Abdel-Monim Abul-Futuh jointly outperformed both the ‘old regime’ and Muslim Brotherhood contenders, with Sabahi nearly reaching the runoff. Drawing on extensive fieldwork across Egypt between 2012 and 2013, this article examines how the campaigners of these two candidates translated the Revolution’s core ideals of freedom and social justice. It introduces the notion of citizenship imaginaries to capture how campaigners communicated these ideals across divergent experiences and narratives of relating to the state. It argues that the two campaigns—differently—compensated for their weaknesses by aligning their messaging with dominant imaginaries in three important ways: downplaying appeals to democracy and radical change except when engaging “cultured voters”; advancing a vague but credible pro-poor stance; and adapting appeals traditionally tied to the two more powerful political forces: stability, Islamism and patronage. By linking resources, imaginaries and the agency of social movement actors, the article offers new perspectives on electoral dynamics and the strategic communication of mobilization frames, especially in transitional and global South contexts.
Global Care Policy Index 2022 Country Report: South Africa
Authors: Kandel Reeva , Haolie Jiang , Paul Anju Mary
Published: April 2024

South Africa performed well in the GCPI compared to most Upper Middle-Income Countries with a total score of 6.24 (out of 10.00), which places it in the “Maturing” index band. For Sub-Index A, South Africa had robust parental leave but lacked flexible work arrangements and dependent leave care policies. For Sub-Index B, South Africa lacked regulatory and policy architecture to support and protect its growing migrant domestic worker labor force.
Effects of different latency periods on fingerlings production using Clarias gariepinus (African mud catfish)
Authors:   Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Adamawa State University, Mubi, Nigeria., Audu S. I. , Onyia E. C. ,   Department of Zoology, Modibbo Adama University, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria., Onyia L.U.* ,   Department of Fisheries, Modibbo Adama University, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria.
Published: April 2024

The research was carried out in the Fish Hatchery of the Department of Fisheries, Teaching and Research Farm, Modibbo Adama University. Clarias gariepinus belongs to the family Clariidae. The latency period had been demonstrated to affect fingerling production in C. gariepinus. Fifteen (15) gravid broodstock females weighing 367 to 1000 g and males of 800 to 1200 g were used at different latency periods of 9, 11, 13, 15 and 17 hours designated D1, D2, D3, D4 and D5. Three replicates of the female broodstock were injected with 0.5 ml Ovaprim for each latency period. The number of 1 g of eggs from each treatment was D1 (847), D2 (705), D3 (847), D4 (692) and D5 (847). Percentage fertilization was highest in 11, 13 and 15 hours latency periods (99.19%, 97.66% and 99.33%) respectively; and were significantly different (p<0.05). Percentage hatchability was highest in 13 hours latency period 63.73% and the least was in 17 hours latency period (1.99%). Unhatched eggs were higher in a latency period of 17 hours (5612). Number of hatchlings was highest in latency period of 13 hours. The highest percentage survival was in a latency period of 11 hours. Any attempt to improve fingerling production in C. gariepinus should consider the effect of the latency period in relation to weight. After three weeks of indoor incubation, a latency period of 15 hours showed better weight gain than others. The best latency period achieved in this study was 11 hours.
The Influence Of Recruitment, Work Culture, And Work Environment On The Quality Of Human Resources At PT Gratia Jelajah Semesta
Authors: Handayani Putri , Pujiarti Pujiarti , Andy
Published: April 2024

This study aims to test and determine the influence of recruitment, work culture, and work environment on employee performance at PT Gratia Jelajah Semesta. This study's sample included all company workers, with a total of 120 respondents. Data collection was carried out using questionnaires and the results were processed with SPSS 25 Analysis used using statistical models which include Frequency Test, Descriptive Test, Validity Test, Reliability Test, Determination Test (R2), T Test, and F Test. The results obtained partially stated that the recruitment variable (X1) had a significant effect with a sig value of 0.000 < 0.05 and tcount 14.261 > table 1.98, the variable X2 work culture had a significant effect on the value  18.603 > ttable 1.98, variable X3 work environment has a significant effect with calculated value < table 16.227 > 1.98. The results obtained simultaneously fcalculate > ftable 156.902 > 2.68 there is a joint influence.
Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja, Beban Kerja, dan Kompensasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Magang di BCA BSD (Studi Kasus: Wisma BCA BSD)
Authors: Yoyo Toni , Nana Sutisna  , Sutantio
Published: April 2024

Hasil studi menyampaikan bahwa ada hubungan antara lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan magang pada BCA BSD. Ada hubungan antara kompensasi terhadap kinerja karyawan magang pada BCA BSD. Ada hubungan antara lingkungan kerja, beban kerja, dan kompensasi terhadap kinerja karyawan magang pada BCA BSD. F hitung untuk model didasarkan pada hasil uji ANOVA dan memang demikian 7,738 dengan tingkat signifikan 0,000 dimana angka 0,000 < 0,06 dan juga Fhitung > Ftabel atau 7,738 > 2,70 dengan demikian Ho ditolak dan Ha diterima Model analitik dapat dipraktekkan dan cocok untuk meramalkan kinerja pekerja magang jika terdapat interaksi simultan (bersama-sama) yang substansial antara faktor lingkungan kerja (X1), variabel beban kerja (X2), dan variabel kompensasi (X3) terhadap kinerja (Y) personel magang. Oleh karena itu, terdapat hubungan antara variabel terikat pegawai dengan variabel bebas
Analisis Tren dan Kontribusi Penerimaan Retribusi Pemakaian Kekayaan Daerah dalam Meningkatkan Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kota Kendari
Authors: Marsuddin Musa  , Niluh Sri Irmayanti  , Diamond Limbong  , Yuni Maimuna
Published: April 2024

Pemerintah Kota Kendari terus berupaya meningkatkan penerimaan dari berbagai sumber untuk berbagai kegiatan pembangunan. Salah satunya bersumber dari penerimaan Retribusi Pemakaian Kekayaan Daerah (PKD). Retribusi PKD termasuk yang memiliki dampak penting bagi pembangunan daerah dan peningkatan Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD). Meskipun demikian, realisasi retribusi PKD di Kota Kendari kenyataannya selalu mengalami kesenjangan dengan target yang ditetapkan. Oleh sebab itu, penting untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis lebih lanjut penerimaan retribusi PKD dalam meningkatkan PAD. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian kuantitatif. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis kontribusi dan analisis tren dengan least square method. Hasil analisis menunjukkan kontribusi penerimaan retribusi PKD terhadap PAD Kota Kendari terus mengalami penurunan, hal ini merupakan akibat dari terus menurunnya realisasi penerimaan daerah dari retribusi PKD. Rata-rata kontribusi retribusi PKD terhadap PAD masih sangat kurang yaitu sebesar 1,14%. Hasil analisis tren menunjukkan pada tahun 2023 sampai 2025 diproyksi penerimaan retribusi PKD akan mengalami penurunan. Dengan demikian, perlunya perhatian dari pihak-pihak terkait untuk lebih menggali potensi-potensi retribusi PKD yang dimiliki oleh Pemerintah Kota Kendari, sehingga tren penerimaan pada tahun-tahun mendatang tidak terus mengalami penurunan dan dapat lebih mengoptimalkan penerimaan daerah dari sektor retribusi.
Capital is Dead. Long Live Capital! A Political Marxist Analysis of Digital Capitalism and Infrastructure
Authors: Pal Maia , Harris Neal
Published: April 2024

There is a growing literature suggesting that the digital economy is taking us out of capitalism. While this manifests most notably as a diagnosis of ‘digital feudalism’ or ‘techno-feudalism’, a differing voice is McKenzie Wark, who suggests we have entered an entirely new mode of production altogether: ‘vectoralism’. This paper historicises and theorises our current conjuncture in relation to the potential multiplicity of modes of production, and the materiality and imperialism of telecommunication infrastructures. We approve of Wark's development of new concepts, rather than turning to ahistorical regurgitations like ‘neo-feudalism’. However, we argue that the mode of production lens is not adequate to trace what we consider as more granular changes and that it risks packaging old wine in new bottles. For example, Wark's vectoral claims remain grounded in infrastructures such as undersea cables that are used by corporations and states as strategies of legal and economic imperialism reminiscent of the 19th century world order. Instead of examining this topic through a mode of production lens, we contend that these phenomena are better traced through a processual (rather than functional) and socially determined (rather than economically determined) method of historical materialism. In this regard, we adopt an approach closer to that of E. P. Thompson and Political Marxists, such as Brenner and Wood. To support our argument, we turn to both wider Marxist theory on the mode of production, which we then anchor in empirical works from contemporary critical infrastructure and communication studies.
Labouring and Smiling: Re-Imagining Digital Colonialism in Africa, Silicon Valley Big Techs, and the Politics of Prosumer Capitalism in Nigeria
Authors: Obi Paul A.
Published: April 2024

Does Africa suffer from the paucity of epistemic inquiry on digital capitalism, mostly, spearheaded by social media platforms within the confines of the global digital economy? The growing corpus of literature points to digital colonialism and prosumer capitalism as critical components in understanding the global digital economy. Yet, postcolonial Africa lags in the negotiation of power within the political economy dynamics of digital capitalism. Thus, in an age of big data, platformisation and extraction of human life, is there a reincarnation and excavation of colonialism of old in the form of digital prosumer capitalism in the continent? Using Nigeria as a geo-economic prism, the paper reimagines digital colonialism from a critical perspective. It seeks to discharge the underlying appropriation of economic power through digital colonialism; and show how prosumer capitalism grounds its practices in Nigeria, thereby, recentring the debate on digital economic inequalities given the global digital capitalism paradigm.