bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of psychopathology and metabolic parameters on quality of life in patients with first-episode psychosis before and after initial antipsychotic treatment
Authors: Dahl Anne Sofie A. , Sørensen Victor , Ambrosen Karen S. , Sørensen Mikkel E. , Mohr Grímur H. , Nielsen Mette Ø. , Bojesen Kirsten B. , Glenthøj Birte Y. , Hahn Margaret , Midtgaard Julie , Ebdrup Bjørn H.
Published: November 2023

The impact of psychological and physical health on quality of life (QoL) in patients with early psychosis remain relatively unexplored. We evaluated the predictive value of psychopathological and metabolic parameters on QoL in antipsychotic-naïve patients with first-episode psychosis before and after initial antipsychotic treatment. At baseline, 125 patients underwent assessments of psychopathology, prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), and QoL. After 6 weeks of antipsychotic monotherapy, 89 patients were re-investigated. At baseline, the prevalence of MetS was 19.3% (n = 22). After 6 weeks, body weight (1.3 kg, p < 0.001) and body mass index (0.4 kg/m2, p < 0.001) increased, and four additional patients developed MetS. Multivariate linear regression revealed that positive and negative symptoms, and to some degree waist circumference, were predictors of QoL at both time points. Our findings suggest that in the earliest stages of antipsychotic treatment, metabolic side-effects may be less influential on QoL than psychopathological severity.
A uniform human multimodal dataset for emotion perception and judgment
Authors: Sun Sai , Cao Runnan , Rutishauser Ueli , Yu Rongjun , Wang Shuo
Published: November 2023

Face perception is a fundamental aspect of human social interaction, yet most research on this topic has focused on single modalities and specific aspects of face perception. Here, we present a comprehensive multimodal dataset for examining facial emotion perception and judgment. This dataset includes EEG data from 97 unique neurotypical participants across 8 experiments, fMRI data from 19 neurotypical participants, single-neuron data from 16 neurosurgical patients (22 sessions), eye tracking data from 24 neurotypical participants, behavioral and eye tracking data from 18 participants with ASD and 15 matched controls, and behavioral data from 3 rare patients with focal bilateral amygdala lesions. Notably, participants from all modalities performed the same task. Overall, this multimodal dataset provides a comprehensive exploration of facial emotion perception, emphasizing the importance of integrating multiple modalities to gain a holistic understanding of this complex cognitive process. This dataset serves as a key missing link between human neuroimaging and neurophysiology literature, and facilitates the study of neuropsychiatric populations.
Gradient porous structures of mycelium: a quantitative structure–mechanical property analysis
Authors: Olivero Eric , Gawronska Elzbieta , Manimuda Praveena , Jivani Devyani , Chaggan Faemia Zullfikar , Corey Zachary , de Almeida Thaicia Stona , Kaplan-Bie Jessica , McIntyre Gavin , Wodo Olga , Nalam Prathima C.
Published: November 2023

Gradient porous structures (GPS) are characterized by structural variations along a specific direction, leading to enhanced mechanical and functional properties compared to homogeneous structures. This study explores the potential of mycelium, the root part of a fungus, as a biomaterial for generating GPS. During the intentional growth of mycelium, the filamentous network undergoes structural changes as the hyphae grow away from the feed substrate. Through microstructural analysis of sections obtained from the mycelium tissue, systematic variations in fiber characteristics (such as fiber radii distribution, crosslink density, network density, segment length) and pore characteristics (including pore size, number, porosity) are observed. Furthermore, the mesoscale mechanical moduli of the mycelium networks exhibit a gradual variation in local elastic modulus, with a significant change of approximately 50% across a 30 mm thick mycelium tissue. The structure-property analysis reveals a direct correlation between the local mechanical moduli and the network crosslink density of the mycelium. This study presents the potential of controlling growth conditions to generate mycelium-based GPS with desired functional properties. This approach, which is both sustainable and economically viable, expands the applications of mycelium-based GPS to include filtration membranes, bio-scaffolds, tissue regeneration platforms, and more.
Heat sink effects in thyroid bipolar radiofrequency ablation: an ex vivo study
Authors: Klimek Konrad , Mader Nicolai , Happel Christian , Sabet Amir , Grünwald Frank , Groener Daniel
Published: November 2023

The study aimed to investigate heat sink effects in radiofrequency ablation (RFA) under thyroid-specific conditions. In an ex vivo model, bovine thyroid lobes were ablated using bipolar RFA with 2.0 kJ energy input at a power level set to 10 W (n = 35) and 25 W (n = 35). Glass vessels (3.0 mm outer diameter) placed within the ablation zone were used to deliver tissue perfusion at various flow rates (0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 20 ml/min). Temperature was measured in the proximity of the vessel (Tv) and in the non-perfused contralateral region of the ablation zone (Tc), at equal distances to the ablation electrode (d = 8 mm). Maximum temperature within the perfused zone was significantly lowered with Tv ranging from 54.1 ± 1.5 °C (20 ml/min) to 56.9 ± 1.5 °C (0.25 ml/min), compared to Tc from 63.2 ± 3.5 °C (20 ml/min) to 63.2 ± 2.6 °C (0.25 ml/min) (10 W group). The cross-sectional ablation zone area decreased with increasing flow rates from 184 ± 12 mm2 (0 ml/min) to 141 ± 20 mm2 (20 ml/min) at 10 W, and from 207 ± 22 mm2 (0 ml/min) to 158 ± 31 mm2 (20 ml/min) in the 25 W group. Significant heat sink effects were observed under thyroid-specific conditions even at flow rates ≤ 1 ml/min. In thyroid nodules with prominent vasculature, heat dissipation through perfusion may therefore result in clinically relevant limitations to ablation efficacy.
Addition of fibers derived from paper mill sludge in paper coatings: impact on microstructure, surface and optical properties
Authors: Altay Bilge Nazli , Aksoy Burak , Huq Anamika , Hailstone Richard , Klass Charles P. , Demir Muslum , Williams Scott
Published: November 2023

Traditionally, cellulose nanofiber (CNF) production has primarily relied on virgin cellulose sources. Yet, the shift to using paper mill sludge (PMS) as a source for CNF underscores the significance of reusing and recycling industrial byproducts. PMS contains significant amounts of cellulose that can be extracted as a raw material. The purpose of present study is to provide a sustainable approach to PMS utilization as a paper coating additive in the cellulose nanofibrils (CNFPMS) form via simply scalable wire-wound rod coating method. The effect of CNFPMS additive amounts at two coating layers on microstructure and surface properties of coatings such as porosity, air permeability surface roughness and optical properties such as brightness, gloss and CIE L*a*b* is studied, which they can also provide insight for the eventual print performance. Results indicated that the obtained CNFPMS in paper coating shows 52% decrease in porosity, presenting significant improvement in the coating microstructure. The marginal increase in permeability coefficient and surface roughness, 54% and 10%, respectively, suggests improving color reproduction and preventing color density losses. Optical analysis showed slight decrease in brightness and gloss, as was expected. Notably, the lightness was improved, which also indicates increasing color gamut volume in printing applications. As a result, the current work offers a sustainable approach to manage PMS for use in paper coatings as a high-value-added material.
Surface settlement law of double-hole pipe-jacking tunnel undercrossing expressway
Authors: Deng Meilong , Ding Fei , Liu Yang , Huang Xin , He Yu , Zhao Jinpeng
Published: November 2023

With the rapid urbanization process in China, there has been a significant development of urban underground spaces. The pipe-jacking method has gained popularity in various projects due to its advantages such as short construction period, adaptability to different soil conditions, and minimal excavation disturbance. This study focuses on a tunnel project involving double-hole rectangular pipe-jacking under an expressway. Utilizing FLAC software, a three-dimensional numerical model was created to analyze the impact of double-hole pipe-jacking construction on surface settlement and deformation of the expressway. The simulation results were validated by comparing them with field monitoring data. The study also investigated the impact of different construction parameters, such as excavation sequence and the angle of underpassing the expressway, on surface settlement. Additionally, the surface settlement curve at the slope bottom of the expressway exhibits asymmetric distribution and an offset center in the settlement trough. It is recommended to carry out the construction of double-hole pipe-jacking in the sequence of "big first and then small". Furthermore, when the included angle between the expressway and the jacking axis is 90°, the impact on surface settlement is minimized. This research provides valuable insights for the construction of double-hole pipe-jacking underpass structures in tunnel engineering.
Robot occupations affect the categorization border between human and robot faces
Authors: Shen Junyi , Tang Guyue , Koyama Shinichi
Published: November 2023

The Uncanny Valley hypothesis implies that people perceive a subjective border between human and robot faces. The robot–human border refers to the level of human-like features that distinguishes humans from robots. However, whether people’s perceived anthropomorphism and robot–human borders are consistent across different robot occupations remains to be explored. This study examined the robot–human border by analyzing the human photo proportion represented by the point of subjective equality in three image classification tasks. Stimulus images were generated by morphing a robot face photo and one each of four human photos in systematically changed proportions. Participants classified these morphed images in three different robot occupational conditions to explore the effect of changing robot jobs on the robot–human border. The results indicated that robot occupation and participant age and gender influenced people’s perceived anthropomorphism of robots. These can be explained by the implicit link between robot job and appearance, especially in a stereotyped context. The study suggests that giving an expected appearance to a robot may reproduce and strengthen a stereotype that associates a certain appearance with a certain job.
Analysis of drilling vibration characteristics of anchoring system in coal mine
Authors: Xie Miao , Li Yuqi , Zhang Hongyu , Yang Zhiyong , Ren Ze , Nie Rendong
Published: November 2023

A new type of parallel operation unit for excavating and supporting anchors is proposed to address the issue of imbalanced excavation anchor ratio in coal mines. By equipping a straddle type anchoring drilling rig group, the synchronous parallel and fast operation mode for excavating and supporting anchors is achieved; Consider the problem of poor drilling stability of drill pipes in coal mines due to the coupling vibration between surrounding rock and anchoring equipment. Firstly, taking the multi drilling rig anchoring system as the research object, considering the influence of the equipment itself as an influencing factor on the vibration of the drill pipe, a dynamic model of the system is constructed using Lagrangian equations, and analytical solutions for the vibration displacement of each mass block are obtained; In order to more intuitively represent the vibration process of the drill pipe, Ansys is used to conduct modal analysis on the key components of the anchoring drilling rig system, and obtain the natural frequencies and vibration modes of each order of the key components; Using Adams to solve the rigid flexible coupling dynamic model of the anchoring drilling rig system, the vibration response laws of the drill pipe under different operating states were obtained. Secondly, Abaqus was used to simulate the drilling process of the drill pipe and obtain the vibration response law generated by the interaction between the drill pipe and the surrounding rock; The results indicate that the anchoring equipment has a greater impact on the vibration of the drill pipe, and the surrounding rock has a more stable impact on the vibration of the drill pipe. Due to the short body and large span structure of the anchoring system crossbeam expansion frame, the vibration response of the drill pipe is significantly greater than that of the retracted state of the drilling rig due to being in an unstable cantilever state when the drilling rig is extended. The theoretical reliability of the vibration response law of the drill pipe under different states has been further verified through drilling experiments of the anchoring system prototype. The relevant theories can provide a theoretical basis for the implementation of automatic anchoring technology in the anchoring system.
Cube-shaped Cobalt-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles with increased visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity achieved by green co-precipitation synthesis
Authors: Meky Asmaa I. , Hassaan Mohamed A. , Fetouh Howida A. , Ismail Amel M. , El Nemr Ahmed
Published: November 2023

From the perspective of environmental protection, the highly efficient degradation of antibiotics and organic dyes in wastewater needs to be tackled as soon as possible. In this study, an ecofriendly and green cube-shaped cobalt-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles (Co–ZnO NPs) photocatalyst using Pterocladia Capillacea (P. Capillacea) water extract loaded with 5, 10, and 15% cobalt ions were formed via co-precipitation process to degrade antibiotics. The prepared Co–ZnO NPs were tested as a photocatalyst for the photodegradation of ciprofloxacin (CIPF) in the presence of a visible LED-light source. Co–ZnO NPs have been obtained through the co-precipitation method in the presence of P. Capillacea extract as a green capping agent and reducing agent, for the first time. Several characterization techniques including FTIR, XRD, BET, XPS, TEM, EDX, SEM, TGA and DRS UV–Vis spectroscopy were applied to study the prepared Co–ZnO NPs. XRD results suggested that the average size of these NPs ranged between 42.82 and 46.02 nm with a hexagonal wurtzite structure. Tauc plot shows that the optical energy bandgap of ZnO NPs (3.19 eV) gradually decreases to 2.92 eV by Co doping. Examinations showed that 5% Co–ZnO NPs was the highest efficient catalyst for the CIPF photodegradation when compared with ZnO NPs and other 10 and 15% Co–ZnO NPs. A 10 mg/L solution of CIPF was photo-degraded (100%) within the first 15 min irradiation. The kinetics showed that the first-order model is suitable for displaying the rate of reaction and amount of CIPF elimination with R2 = 0.952. Moreover, central composite design optimization of the 5% Co-doped ZnO NPs was also investigated.
Effects of comorbid chronic kidney disease on mortality in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients and influence of pirfenidone
Authors: Jo Yong Suk , Kim Kyung Joo , Rhee Chin Kook , Kim Yong Hyun
Published: November 2023

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a comorbidity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and managing IPF with CKD is challenging due to limited options for antifibrotic therapy. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of CKD and prescription status of pirfenidone in IPF patients and to analyze its impact on mortality. Data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database between October 2015 and September 2021 were used. IPF and CKD were defined based on both International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision (ICD-10) codes and Rare Intractable Disease (RID) codes. The risk of mortality was assessed based on accompanying CKD with or without antifibrotic therapy. Among 5038 patients with IPF, 8.4% had comorbid CKD and 83.3% with CKD did not receive renal replacement therapy (RRT). Patients with IPF and CKD were older, predominantly male, and had more frequent comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus than subjects without CKD. Pirfenidone was prescribed to 105 (24.6%) of 426 CKD patients, and 89.5% of them did not receive RRT. Pirfenidone was also prescribed to 775 (16.8%) of 4612 IPF patients without CKD. Significant difference was not found in all-cause mortality between the IPF patients with or without CKD regardless of pirfenidone treatment. The use of antifibrotics in IPF patients with CKD is limited due to CKD severity; however, evidence is lacking. Mortality did not increase with accompanying CKD regardless of antifibrotic use. Further research on IPF and CKD is needed.
Sustainable extraction of bioactive compound from apple pomace through lactic acid bacteria (LAB) fermentation
Authors: Kalinowska Monika , Gołebiewska Ewelina , Zawadzka Małgorzata , Choińska Renata , Koronkiewicz Kamila , Piasecka-Jóźwiak Katarzyna , Bujak Marzena
Published: November 2023

Apple pomace (AP), a by-product of the juice industry, is a rich and inexpensive source of natural bioactive substances, including phenolic compounds, that exhibit health–promoting effects. The recovery of these compounds from plant material using only classical extraction techniques and environmentally friendly solvents is often ineffective due to the entrapment of some compounds in the complex structures of plant cell walls. Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) fermentation can be a simple technology to increase the content of phenolic compounds, as well as the antioxidant activity of plant material. In this study, pomace from conventionally grown apples (Malus Domestica) of the Ligol cultivar were fermented with selected LAB strains (Lpb. plantarum KKP 3182, Lpb. plantarum KKP 1527, Lpb. plantarum ZFB 200), commercial starter cultures of Lpb. plantarum, and spontaneously. The fermented material was then subjected to ultrasound-assisted extraction, and the resulting extracts were analysed for their composition (phenolic compounds, triterpenoids, simple organic acids), and antioxidant activity. We found that: (1) the total phenolic content of AP extracts fermented with Lpb. plantarum KKP 1527 was about 30% higher than that of non-fermented AP extracts, (2) extracts of AP fermented with Lpb. plantarum KKP 1527 characterized a higher value of the antioxidant activity, (3) an increase in gallic acid procyanidin A2, protocatechuic acid, and procyanidin B2, while a decrease in rutin and quercetin was observed. The results indicated that AP fermented with Lpb. plantarum KKP 1527 may be a powerful and low–cost source of natural antioxidants which have applications in many industries.
Assessment of retinal and choroidal microcirculation after unilateral recession–resection surgery for horizontal strabismus by swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography
Authors: Meng Yang , Xu Yishuang , Xiao Di , Chen Changzheng , Hua Dihao , Xu Yonghong
Published: November 2023

This study explored the possible hemodynamic changes of the retina and choroid after horizontal strabismus surgery using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA). 32 eyes of 32 patients who underwent unilateral horizontal rectus muscle recession–resection surgery were included. SS-OCTA examinations were performed preoperatively and one week postoperatively. Several OCTA measurements were used, including vessel density (VD) of the superficial vascular complex (SVC), VD of the deep vascular complex (DVC), VD of the choriocapillaris (CC), choroidal vascular index (CVI) and choroidal thickness (CT). No significant change in VD of SVC, DVC, and CC was observed whereas CT increased significantly with CVI unchanged. Recession–resection surgery for horizontal strabismus seemed not to significantly influence the microcirculation of the retina and CC in the early postoperative period. However, choroidal thickening happened with a constant CVI probably due to the postoperative inflammation. Further studies are needed to investigate the long-term effects of unilateral recession–resection surgery for horizontal strabismus on the microcirculation of the retina and choroid.
Perception, experience and resilience to risks: a global analysis
Authors: Kieu Minh , Senanayake Gayani
Published: November 2023

Individual resilience is crucial amid rising global threats, yet risk perceptions and resilience worldwide remain inadequately elucidated. This research pioneers a global-scale analysis of individual risk perspectives and perceived resilience capacities. Leveraging survey data encompassing over 120 countries, we develop novel indices quantifying subjective risk perceptions, experiences, impacts, and resilience across diverse populations. Causal analysis techniques shed light on the complex dynamics shaping individual confidence in their resilience. We unveil vast disparities in risk impacts arising from differential adaptation rates. Income perception emerges as an outsized driver of resilience globally, though its influence varies contextually. Ultimately, this study challenges universal narratives of homogeneous risk experiences and perceived resilience worldwide. The globally-representative indices and causal insights provide vital evidence to inform context-specific, demographically-attuned interventions for strengthening resilience equitably. This research underscores the urgent need for inclusive policies tailored to localised risk landscapes.
UV-C irradiation as an effective tool for sterilization of porcine chimeric VP1-PCV2bCap recombinant vaccine
Authors: Vrablikova Alena , Fojtikova Martina , Hezova Renata , Simeckova Pavlina , Brezani Veronika , Strakova Nicol , Fraiberk Martin , Kotoucek Jan , Masek Josef , Psikal Ivan
Published: November 2023

Ultraviolet irradiation is an effective method of virus and bacteria inactivation. The dose of UV-C light necessary for baculovirus inactivation by measurement of fluorescent GFP protein produced by baculovirus expression system after the irradiation of baculovirus culture in doses ranging from 3.5 to 42 J/m2 was determined. At a dose of 36.8 J/m2, only 0.5% of GFP-expressing cells were detected by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. The stability of purified VP1-PCV2bCap protein produced by baculovirus expression system was analyzed after the irradiation at doses ranging from 3.5 to 19.3 J/m2. Up to the dose of 11 J/m2, no significant effect of UV-C light on the stability of VP1-PCV2bCap was detected. We observed a dose-dependent increase in VP1-PCV2bCap-specific immune response in BALB/c mice immunized by recombinant protein sterilized by irradiation in dose 11 J/m2 with no significant difference between vaccines sterilized by UV-C light and filtration. A substantial difference in the production of VP1-PCV2bCap specific IgG was observed in piglets immunized with VP1-PCV2bCap sterilized by UV-C in comparison with protein sterilized by filtration in combination with the inactivation of baculovirus by binary ethylenimine. UV-C irradiation represents an effective method for vaccine sterilization, where commonly used methods of sterilization are not possible.
Prevalence and transmission risk of colistin and multidrug resistance in long-distance coastal aquaculture
Authors: An Taicheng , Cai Yiwei , Li Guiying , Li Shaoting , Wong Po Keung , Guo Jianhua , Zhao Huijun
Published: November 2023

Due to the wide use of antibiotics, intensive aquaculture farms have been recognized as a significant reservoir of antibiotic resistomes. Although the prevalence of colistin resistance genes and multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB) has been documented, empirical evidence for the transmission of colistin and multidrug resistance between bacterial communities in aquaculture farms through horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is lacking. Here, we report the prevalence and transmission risk of colistin and multidrug resistance in 27 aquaculture water samples from 9 aquaculture zones from over 5000 km of subtropical coastlines in southern China. The colistin resistance gene mcr−1, mobile genetic element (MGE) intl1 and 13 typical antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were prevalent in all the aquaculture water samples. Most types of antibiotic (especially colistin) resistance are transmissible in bacterial communities based on evidence from laboratory conjugation and transformation experiments. Diverse MDRB were detected in most of the aquaculture water samples, and a strain with high-level colistin resistance, named Ralstonia pickettii MCR, was isolated. The risk of horizontal transfer of the colistin resistance of R. pickettii MCR through conjugation and transformation was low, but the colistin resistance could be steadily transmitted to offspring through vertical transfer. The findings have important implications for the future regulation of antibiotic use in aquaculture farms globally to address the growing threat posed by antibiotic resistance to human health.
Bi-functional and mono-component organocatalysts for the ring-opening alternating co-polymerisation of anhydride and epoxide
Authors: Hirschmann Max , Zunino Rachele , Meninno Sara , Falivene Laura , Fuoco Tiziana
Published: November 2023

The polyester synthesis from anhydrides and epoxides requires their strictly alternating incorporation achieved by a catalyst that is capable of mediating the reactivity of carboxylate and alcohol chain ends.
Iodine-trapping strategy for light-heat stable inverted perovskite solar cells under ISOS protocols
Authors: Li Xiaodong , Yang Hui , Liu Acan , Lu Chunyan , Yuan Haobo , Zhang Wenxiao , Fang Junfeng
Published: November 2023

An iodine trapping strategy is proposed to inhibit the iodine escaping in perovskite and realize light-heat stable perovskite solar cells, retaining over 80% of initial efficiency after maximum power point tracking for 300 h at 85 °C.
Recent progress in understanding the catalyst layer in anion exchange membrane electrolyzers – durability, utilization, and integration
Authors: Volk Emily K. , Kreider Melissa E. , Kwon Stephanie , Alia Shaun M.
Published: November 2023

This review discusses recent insights in catalyst layer design strategies for anion exchange membrane water electrolyzers, including electrode design, catalyst/ionomer integration, operational variables, in situ diagnostics, and cell durability.
In vitro protein digestibility of different soy-based products: effects of microstructure, physico–chemical properties and protein aggregation
Authors: Li Mengdi , Wang Jing , Zhang Jiayu , Lv Ying , Guo Shuntang , Van der Meeren Paul
Published: November 2023

This study investigates the effects of protein structure and food microstructure on the in vitro protein gastrointestinal digestibility of different soy-based products, such as soy drink, reconstituted soy drink powder, firm tofu, and yuba.
Untargeted metabolomics analysis reveals spatial metabolic heterogeneity in different intestinal segments of type 1 diabetic mice
Authors: Gong Kaiyan , Chen Junli , Yin Xiaoli , Wu Mengjun , Zheng Hong , Jiang Lingling
Published: November 2023

Untargeted metabolomics reveals intestinal segment-specific metabolic disorders of type 1 diabetic mice. Amino acid metabolism was disrupted mainly in the jejunum, whereas fatty acid metabolism mainly in the ileum, cecum and colon.
Polymer-enhanced perovskite oxide-based photocatalysts: a review
Authors: Thien Gregory Soon How , Chan Kah-Yoong , Marlinda Ab Rahman , Yap Boon Kar
Published: November 2023

A novel comprehensive outlook is provided for the current state of polymer-enhanced perovskite oxide photocatalyst-related studies.
Dip-coated carbon nanotube surface deposits as stable, effective response enhancers in pencil lead electrode voltammetry
Authors: Chatree Kamonwan , Schulte Albert
Published: November 2023

Presented is a simple and sustainable tactic for the adaptation of low-cost pencil lead electrodes with a carbon nanotube deposit that markedly enhances their electrochemical redox response as sensors for voltammetry and amperometry.
Synthesis of 3-hydroxypyridin-4-one derivatives bearing benzyl hydrazide substitutions towards anti-tyrosinase and free radical scavenging activities
Authors: Hassani Bahareh , Zare Fateme , Emami Leila , Khoshneviszadeh Mehdi , Fazel Razieh , Kave Negin , Sabet Razieh , Sadeghpour Hossein
Published: November 2023

Tyrosinase is a vital enzyme in the biosynthesis of melanin, which has a significant role in skin protection.
Challenging cross couplings, in water, aided by in situ iodination of (hetero)aromatic bromides
Authors: Thomas Rohan M. , Obbard David B. , Lipshutz Bruce H.
Published: November 2023

Palladium-catalyzed reactions that involve functionalized substrates are oftentimes problematic. An initial Br-to-I conversion followed by an immediate cross coupling may allow for the targeted C–C bonds to be obtained.
Enhanced syngas selectivity and carbon utilization during chemical looping reforming of methane via a non-steady redox cycling strategy
Authors: Hill Caroline M. , Ackermann Simon , Trimm Kathryn G. , McCord Dylan C. , Furler Philipp , Scheffe Jonathan R.
Published: November 2023

A cycling strategy is presented for simultaneous improvement of conversion and syngas selectivity during chemical looping reforming. Periodic recharging is used to re-establish a favorable nonstoichiometry profile during non-steady cycling.
Cobalt–iron layered double hydroxide nanosheet-wrapped nitrogen-doped graphite felt as an oxygen-evolving electrode
Authors: Shahid Noor Fatima , Jamal Ahsan , Haq Gulfam-ul , Javed Maham , Saifullah Muhammad , Anjum Mohsin Ali Raza
Published: November 2023

The electrochemical performance of cobalt–iron layered double hydroxide nanosheets (CoFe-LDH) for the oxygen evolution reaction is significantly enhanced when they are grown on nitrogen-doped graphite felt (NGF) in alkaline environments.
Associations Between Age-Related Hearing Loss, Cognitive Impairment, and Multiple Chronic Conditions in a Group Care Setting
Authors: Mamo Sara K. , Pearlman Jessica , Wheeler Kara A.
Published: November 2023

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships between hearing loss, cognitive status, and a range of health outcomes over a period of 2 years in a sample of older adults who are enrolled in Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly, which is a Medicare/Medicaid beneficiary program for individuals who are nursing home eligible but living in the community at time of enrollment.

Method:

The sample (
N
= 144) includes a diverse (47% White/non-Hispanic, 35% Black/African American, and 16% Latin/Hispanic) group of adults ranging from 55 to 93 years old. We used medical chart data to measure respondents' cognitive and health status, including chronic conditions and hospital use. Hearing status was measured once at the beginning of the 2-year review period. We used logistic regression and negative binomial hurdle models for analyses. We used latent class analysis (LCA) to explore the extent to which respondents cluster into a set of “health profiles” characterized by their hearing, cognitive status, and health conditions.

Results:

We found that hearing loss is weakly associated with heart disease and diabetes and associated with cerebrovascular disease and falls; cognitive impairment is also associated with cerebrovascular disease and the number of falls. LCA indicates that respondents cluster into a variety of health profiles with a consistent pairing of hearing loss and depression.

Conclusions:

The results are largely consistent with associations reported in epidemiological studies that include age-related hearing loss. Of particular interest in this study is the LCA that suggested that all of the profiles associated with a high likelihood of hearing loss included a high risk of depression. The co-occurrence of these two factors highlights the need to identify and treat hearing loss in older adults, especially as part of the treatment plan for individuals with depressive symptoms.
Modulating Complex Sentence Processing in Aphasia Through Attention and Semantic Networks
Authors: Baker Carolyn , Love Tracy
Published: November 2023

Purpose:

Lexical processing impairments such as delayed and reduced activation of lexical-semantic information have been linked to syntactic processing disruptions and sentence comprehension deficits in individuals with aphasia (IWAs). Lexical-level deficits can also preclude successful lexical encoding during sentence processing and amplify the processing costs of similarity-based interference during syntactic retrieval. We investigate whether two manipulations to engage attention and pre-activate semantic features of a target (to-be-retrieved) noun will (a) boost lexical activation during initial lexical encoding and (b) facilitate syntactic dependency linking through improved resolution of interference in IWAs and neurologically unimpaired age-matched controls (AMCs).

Method:

Eye-tracking-while-listening with a visual world paradigm was used to investigate whether semantic and attentional manipulations modulated initial lexical processing and downstream syntactic retrieval of the direct-object noun in object-relative sentences.

Results:

In the attention and semantic manipulations, the AMC group showed no changes in initial lexical access levels; however, gaze patterns revealed clear facilitations in dependency linking and interference resolution. In the IWA group, the attentional cue increased and maintained activation of N1 with modest facilitations in dependency linking. In the semantic condition, IWA results showed a greater degree of facilitation during dependency linking.

Conclusions:

The results suggest that attention and semantic activation are parameters that may be manipulated to strengthen encoding of lexical representations to facilitate retrieval (i.e., dependency linking) and mitigate similarity-based interference. In IWAs, these manipulations may help to reduce lexical processing deficits that can preclude successful encoding.
Intensification of cultivation of Pinus sylvestris L. seedlings with a closed root system in the Southern Urals
Authors: Ishbirdina L.M. , Sabirzyanov I.G. , Muftakhova S.I.
Published: November 2023

The article presents the results of research on growing seedlings of Pinus sylvestris L. with a closed root system in a greenhouse when sowing in cassettes, on three types of substrates and 7 variants of presowing treatment with various growth stimulants, which affected the energy of seed germination and germination, and also on increasing the total number of germinated seeds during the first month. Good germination results were obtained when seeds were treated with Borogum-M, Bogatyi-Micro, Bionex-Kemi preparations in low-density peat, filled with the starting composition of fertilizers. But in the subsequent period, the development of seedlings was more intense on denser peat with the addition of humic acids and salts, mineral fertilizers, trace elements, strains of soil microflora and mycorrhiza. Biometric indicators of seedlings also turned out to be slightly higher on this substrate. It is proposed to grow pine seedlings during one growing season on low-density peat with the addition of a complex of components.
Algorithm for recognition of images of agricultural crops
Authors: Muhamediyeva D.T. , Tukhtamuradov N.U.
Published: November 2023

Remote sensing includes all types of non-contact. surveys that are carried out from various measuring platforms. The tasks in this area are the following: inventory of agricultural land, control of the state of crops, forecasting yields. The aim of the work is to classify 6 types of crop images (wheat, rice, sugarcane, corn, cotton and jute) with greater accuracy. The paper considers an algorithm for primary processing and recognition of images of agricultural crops and algorithms for constructing a neural network for initial processing and recognition of images to solve problems of noise elimination, minimization, smoothing, normalization, segmentation and image recognition.
Application of neural network technologies for crop yield forecasting
Authors: Shamsutdinova Tatiana
Published: November 2023

The article discusses the problems of crop yield forecasting. A review of relevant bibliographic sources has been carried out. Crop yield factors are analyzed. Climatic and meteorological features, production and agrotechnical parameters, soil moisture and fertilizers are considered as the main factors. It is noted that a full-scale field experimental study of crop yields requires very large time and financial costs. A conclusion was made about the issues related to modeling of product forecasting. A neural network for predicting crop yields (in case of winter wheat) was built by using the Python PyTorch machine learning library.
Influence of ultraviolet radiation on sowing qualities of the cucumber family of the “Murashka” varieties
Authors: Ponomareva Natalia , Gracheva Natalia , Rudenko Nelli , Belenov Vitaly , Krasnyansky Dmitriy
Published: November 2023

Increasing the productivity of crops, preliminary stimulation of seeds. One of the effective physical methods of pre-sowing stimulation is the treatment of seeds with solar ultraviolet radiation A and B. The article examines the results of research studies measuring the density of germination energy and the similarity of the “Murashka” variety cucumber seeds. The analysis of dependences, and incomes according to the research results, allows the maximum values of germination energy and germination of cucumber seeds are 190 – 210 J/m2.
The use of developed mushroom compost in crop cultivation technology
Authors: Zubkova T.V. , Pityurina I.S. , Vinogradov D.V.
Published: November 2023

The scientific work analyzes experimental data on the cultivation of potatoes and rapeseed using elements of biologization in conditions of Ryazan region. Two-year studies have been carried out to study the effect of developed mushroom compost on the yield of potato tubers and rape of various varieties cultivated on dark gray forest soils of Ryazan region. The use of spent mushroom compost is a promising technique that allows to increase the productivity of crops and obtain environmentally friendly products. When cultivating potatoes and spring rape, first, bare fallow was used as a precursor, and then the introduction of 84 t/ha of fresh mushroom compost for the main processing of potatoes and 80 t/ha for spring rape, immediately after harvesting mushrooms in the form of developed blocks. In the second option, 95 t/ha of mushroom compost was used for potatoes and 89 t/ha was used for spring rape, after a year of storage of spent mushroom blocks. As a result of the use of two types of mushroom compost, the foliage of plants improved: on average, the largest increase in leaves was obtained in the option with fresh compost. Its use immediately after harvesting mushrooms exceeded the control by 12.8%, and the use of compost after a year of storage caused 7.6% increase. The highest average marketability of tubers for all varieties was noted in the option with fresh mushroom compost and averaged 80.8% for all varieties, which was 9.1% more than the control. The productivity of spring rape seeds increased when using mushroom compost as a fertilizer. The introduction of fresh compost under the main tillage increased the rape productivity by 2.9 dt/ha, and rotted compost by 1.9 dt/ha compared with the control. For all varieties of potatoes, the yield with fresh mushroom compost increased by 37.8 dt/ha or 20.1% compared to the control, and for the variant after a year storage of mushroom compost, the yield increased by 23.8 dt/ha or 11.3 %.
Sunflower husk processing technology for fodder production
Authors: Sheida Elena , Ryazanov Vitaly , Miroshnikov Sergey , Matyushenko Natalia , Duskaev Galimzhan
Published: November 2023

The article considers the possibilities of environmental protection from agricultural waste - sunflower husks. A technology for processing this waste from the oil extraction industry into a feed product using ultrasonic treatment (cavitation) is proposed. The chemical changes of this product after processing, including nutritional value, were studied. The indicators of the use of this product under the conditions of incubation of an analogue of the rumen of ruminants were studied. Positive changes in the chemical composition of the processed product and its more active fermentation in the ruminal fluid of ruminants were revealed.
Analysis of the innovative development of the agro-industrial complex
Authors: Bunkovsky V.I.
Published: November 2023

The article analyzes statistical data on the innovative development in agriculture. Theoretical aspects of the application of innovations in agriculture are considered. Algorithms for implementing innovations in agriculture are described. Statistical data show that the level of innovative activity in the agricultural industry in Russia is only 3.8%. When compared with the European countries, this is a tenfold difference, which indicates the low efficiency of the Russian industry. The key reason is the level of government’s activity in stimulating the industry. The article also analyzes the methods and tools used by the Russian government to stimulate the innovative activity of Russian agricultural enterprises.
Analysis of the use of robotics in the agricultural industry
Authors: Krasovskaya O.A. , Zhiqiang Miao , Badanov A.B.
Published: November 2023

The article analyzes activities of the agricultural sector. An analysis of the state and problems of the agrarian industry in Russia showed that it is extremely important to keep up with the developed countries in implementing the latest technologies to overcome problems in the agricultural sector and ensure the sustainable socio-economic development of the country. The global problems such as the growing population and the need for more food, the limited areas of arable land and the need to minimize environmental damage caused by the agricultural sector make digitalization-and automation-based development of the agricultural sector relevant.
Analyzing dynamics of the introduction of the innovative Russian and foreign technologies in the agro-industrial complex
Authors: Beksultanova A.I. , Shardan S.K. , Irizepova M.Sh.
Published: November 2023

As of today, the agricultural industry does not lag behind modern trends, and more and more often we can observe the development and implementation of innovations in the agro-industrial complex (AIC). One of the most important strategic directions to develop innovation in the agriculture is innovation processes, as well as research progress that provide continuous development. The article analyzes the dynamics of the introduction of innovative technologies in the agro-industrial complex, deals with the problems that impede the introduction of innovative technologies in the agro-industrial complex. As a part of the uncovered problems, measures have been proposed to improve the mechanism for the development and implementation of innovations in the agriculture.
Development of innovative technologies in the agricultural industry
Authors: Nechaev A.S. , Tyapkina M.F. , Kireeva E.F.
Published: November 2023

The article explores the development of engineering technologies. Problems of the agricultural sector which affect the improvement and development of the technological process were identified. It was emphasized that new technologies can reconstruct the structure of the agricultural industry and provide the population with agricultural products. The analysis of the economic activity of agricultural enterprises of the Russian Federation, new technologies and research programs for the development of the agricultural industry was conducted to summarize and describe the latest engineering technologies using special specialized equipment. Attention was paid to the development of energy and resource-saving technologies, which play a key role in processing, harvesting, and transporting crops and increasing yields and shelf life of foods. Scientific and practical recommendations for improving energy-resource-saving technologies in the agricultural industry were developed.
Biologization of potato cultivation technology
Authors: Chernikova Olga , Mazhayskiy Yuriy , Seregina Tatyana
Published: November 2023

In biologized agricultural production, along with minimized fertilizers, growth activators are widely used. The article analyzes experimental data on potato cultivation using such preparations. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of copper nanoparticles and liquid-phase biopreparation on the phenology and yield of potatoes in the conditions of lysimetric experiment. The research results showed that pre-sowing treatment of seed tubers with growth activators had a positive effect on linear indicators, heat resistance of plants, increasing it by 16.7-50.0% compared to the control, as well as yield (the increase was 8.6-54.8 t/ha). It is shown that the best effect is obtained by the combined use of copper nanoparticles and 1% liquid-phase biological product.
The yield formation of winter wheat under the influence of fertilization systems using two field experiments as an example
Authors: Kulikova A.Kh. , Volkova E.S. , Yashin E.A. , Karpov A.V. , Volkov T.Yu.
Published: November 2023

The paper presents experimental data on the change in the winter wheat yield when using straw, green manure, and a biological preparation as a fertilizer in one field experiment and using different doses of zeolite and its modifications in another. It has been ascertained that organic and organo-mineral fertilization systems have a positive effect on the winter wheat grain yield. The application of straw, green manure, and a biological preparation in the technology of winter wheat cultivation made it possible to increase the yield of winter wheat by 7-13%. It is quite difficult to ensure the volume of the produce obtained at the level of mineral fertilizers using only the system of organic fertilizers. The latter is possible when applying a new generation of fertilizers based on high-silicon rocks in the technology of cultivating agricultural crops, which are natural environmentally friendly materials. The grain yield increased in the latter case by 7-56%.
Analysis of the current state of agriculture
Authors: Khushvakhtzoda Kobiljon , Sodikov Kurbomad
Published: November 2023

This article discusses the issues of the current state and trends in the development of agriculture in the Republic of Tajikistan. A comprehensive assessment of the current state and trends in the development of agriculture in the Republic of Tajikistan is given. It is noted that agriculture is one of the main branches of material production in the Republic of Tajikistan. With the transition to a market housewifely in the republic, the reorganization of collective farms and state farms took place and new organizational and legal forms of management were formed on their basis. According to the conclusions of the authors, the development of the housewifely complex of Tajikistan in the context of the transition to sustainable development, caused by the process of formation of market relations, is inextricably linked with the transformation of property relations and types of housewifely. At the present stage of development of property relations and modern forms of management, the transformation process is ensured through various legislative documents adopted by the state. It has been established that, regardless of the agrarian policy, the organization of any form of management is effective when establishing the appropriate mechanisms for their functioning.