bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Penggunaan Surfaktan Non Ionik Dan Metode Terhadap Karakteristik Sistem Niosom
Authors: Niosom 03 Dwi Fitri Mila
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan surfaktan non ionik dan metode yang digunakan dalam formulasi niosom terhadap karakteristik niosom yang dihasilkan. Metode yang digunakan adalah sistematik review dengan menggunakan database jurnal dari pubmed dan google schoolar. Kategori inklusinya yaitu rentang waktu penerbitan jurnal maksimal 10 tahun terakhir (2013-2023), Menggunakan Bahasa Inggris dan Bahasa Indonesia, subyek penelitian yaitu niosom, jenis jurnal original research article, ketersediaan naskah open access, Jurnal menggunakan No ISSN dan atau DOI dengan kata kunci Niosom, Metode, Karakteristik, Surfaktan non ionik. Pembahasan di tulis dengan narrative review. Berdasarkan dari studi literature dari beberapa penelitian tentang pengaruh penggunaan sufaktan non ionik dan metode terhadap karakteristik sistem niosom dapat diambil kesimpulan yaitu jenis surfaktan non ionik untuk span dan tween diketahui bahwa efisiensi penjerapan dapat berdasarkan urutan efisiensi penjerapan tertinggi yang dimulai dari span 60/tween 60 > span 60> span 80. Sedangkan metode hidrasi film lapis tipis adalah metode yang paling banyak digunakan karena menggunakan peralatan yang sangat sederhana yang hanya meliputi rotavapor dan alat pemisah agregat dari vesikel yang terbentuk. Sehingga menghasilkan ukuran vesikel yang sesuai standar.
Pembuatan Sabun Padat Dari VCO (Virgin Coconut Oil) Dan Ekstrak Buah Mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.)
Authors: . Rahmayulis , Putri Rahmi , Ranova Riki
Published: December 2023

Cucumber fruit extract is known to contain several secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, saponins, and alkaloids which have antioxidant effect that are useful in making soap.This study aims to determine the effect of cucumber fruit extract on solid soap quality standards. Cucumber fruit is extraxted by maceration method and making VCO (Virgin Coconut Oil) with traditional method. Condensed extract of cucumber fruits is formulated into soap preparations with a concentration of 1g, 2g and 3g. The physical evaluation parameters of the preparation studied were organoleptic tests. pH tests, Moisture content tests and free alkali content tests which were carried out every week at room temperature storage for a period of 4 weeks. The results showed that the VCO (Virgin Coconut Oil) soap formula with cucumber fruit extract produced solid soap that was stable in organoleptic testing, and met the pH standard of solid soap
Ibrahim på ramadan-tv
Authors: Dohn Andreas
Published: December 2023

Profeten Ibrahim er en central figur i islam, som i disse år bliver påberåbt både som fælles stamfader til muslimer, kristne og jøder og som symbol for jihadister. Mens Ibrahims plads i Koranen og de klassiske islamiske tekster er velbeskrevet, synes nyere fortolkninger af profeternes far i mindre grad at være studeret. Denne artikel bidrager til forståelsen af nutidige forestillinger om Ibrahim i arabisk massekultur ved at undersøge, hvordan han bliver fremstillet i to dokumentariske tv-serier om islams profeter. Artiklen forklarer forskellen mellem de to tv-seriers skildring af Ibrahim ud fra tv-producenternes forskellige interesser og de medvirkende prædikanters religiøse orientering. Endeligt diskuteres, hvordan tv-serierne er positioneret i forhold til samtidens militante og økumeniske Ibrahim-fortolkninger ved at inddrage aktuelle eksempler på disse modpoler.
Islamisk vinpoesi från Ibn al-Farid till Ian Dallas
Authors: Andersson Tobias
Published: December 2023

Genom islams historia har sufiska poeter ofta beskrivit den överväldigande kärleken till Gud som en berusning på vin – den gudomliga kärlekens eviga vin som genomsyrar allt som existerar. Föreliggande artikel utforskar tre uttryck för sufisk vinpoesi från olika historiska sammanhang: först den egyptiske poeten ʻUmar b. al-Farids (1181–1235) omtalade vinsång, khamriyya, därefter den marockanske sufishejken Ahmad b. ʻAjibas (1747–1809) kommentar till Ibn al-Farids vinsång och slutligen den skotske sufishejken Ian Dallas (1930–2021, även kallad Abdalqadir as-Sufi) kommentar till Ibn ʻAjibas tidigare nämnda kommentar. Syftet är att lyfta fram vinpoesins betydelse i sufiska sammanhang som ett sätt att inte bara beskriva Guds kärlek och uttrycka erfarenheten av denna kärlek utan även vägleda andra människor till liknande andliga tillstånd. Artikeln belyser därmed vinpoesins didaktiska användning som utgångspunkt för sufisk undervisning och som uttryck för de andliga insikter och tillstånd som denna undervisning avser att förverkliga. Det framträder särskilt tydligt i Ibn ʻAjibas och Ian Dallas kommentarer. Artikeln belyser även vinpoesins fortsatta betydelse i sufiska sammanhang, långt efter genrens stora genomslag på 1200-talet, numera även i engelskspråkiga sammanhang. Medan Ibn al-Farids poesi är förhållandevis väl utforskad har varken Ibn ʻAjibas kommentar eller Ian Dallas superkommentar inkluderats i tidigare studier av islamisk vinpoesi
ON THE SELECTION OF A SUITABLE CONCRETE
Authors: Niketić Filip
Published: December 2023

This paper aims to analyze the carbon footprint which the construction industry leaves on the global GHG emissions. It focuses on understanding the sources of the embodied carbon in each stage of the structure’s lifecycle. It also explores the ways of reducing the CO2 costs, focusing primarily on the RC structures. A comparative analysis of different types of cement as well as their corresponding carbon signature is performed and explored. Finally, the ecological benefits of the appropriate concrete and cement selection are presented though real-life examples.
Association of the Severity of Emphysema Based on HRCT Scoring System with Clinical Profile and Pulmonary Function Test Parameters: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Jilowa Sarita , Wezah Wezode , Singh Yashvant , Chauhan Ajay
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is commonly observed in middle aged and elderly individuals. Dyspnoea, with or without expectoration, or isolated dyspnoea, is the primary respiratory symptom. Clinical signs, symptoms, and Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) are non specific. Chest radiography poorly correlates with disease severity and extent compared to clinical and functional impairment. High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) has been widely adopted to detect, characterise, and quantify emphysema. HRCT scoring is a useful radiological method for assessing emphysema severity in COPD patients and can provide prognostic information. Aim: To assess the severity of emphysema based on the HRCT scoring system and its association with clinical profile and PFTs. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Radiodiagnosis at Atal Bihari Vajpayee Institute of Medical Sciences and Ram Manohar Lohia Hospital, New Delhi, India. It included 30 clinically diagnosed COPD patients referred for HRCT lung scans from November 1,2018, to March 31, 2020. HRCT assessment was performed at three levels: carina, 5 cm above carina, and 5 cm below carina. The severity of lung parenchyma was evaluated using the “Sakai Scoring Method.” The emphysema score was correlated with clinical profile (duration of illness, COPD severity, smoking, and pack-years smoked) and PFT parameters (FEV1, FEV1/FVC). Results: The mean age of the cases was 60±9.44 years. There was a strong positive linear correlation between the duration of illness (r=0.67, p=0.001) and COPD severity (r=0.452, p=0.02) with HRCT emphysema score. Significant correlation was found between HRCT emphysema score and pack-years smoked (r=0.558, p=0.004). The emphysema score showed an inverse correlation with FEV1 (r= -0.56, p=0.002) but no correlation with Forced Expiratory Volume 1 / Forced Vital Capacity (FEV1/FVC) (r= -0.16, p=0.430). Conclusion: The HRCT semi-quantitative scoring system is valuable for the initial assessment of disease severity and is significantly correlated with the PFT parameter FEV1.
Primary Splenic Abscess: A Case Report
Authors: Sekar Ilakkiya , Mageshwaran P , Natarajan .
Published: December 2023

Splenic abscess is a relatively uncommon infection with a very low incidence but has high mortality if left untreated. It is usually associated with a predisposing factor and requires early diagnosis and urgent management either in medical or surgical modality. Drainage of the abscess is also rapidly recognised treatment option. Herein, the authors presented a case of 56-year-old male with fever, vomiting, and abdominal pain. Computed Tomography (CT) abdomen revealed a large splenic abscess with subdiaphragmatic extension and open splenectomy was performed. Histopathology confirmed the presence of necrotising granulomatous lesions in the spleen, and tuberculosis was ruled out. The diagnosis was provisionally suggested as cat scratch disease, and the patient made a complete recovery. A high level of suspicion is needed for the diagnosis of splenic abscess, owing to its non specific presentation is often non specific. CT imaging is the diagnostic investigation of choice, and investigations should target the identification of the primary foci of infection. Surgical management is still widely preferred, but more research is needed to evaluate medical management and percutaneous drainage.
Morphometry of Arch of Aorta and its Branches- A Cadaveric Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Sreedevi Gangavarapu , Parimala Namburu Bhanu Sudha
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The Arch of Aorta (AA) originates from the ascending aorta in the superior mediastinum, specifically at the level of the right 2nd costal cartilage, behind the lower half of the manubrium sterni. The AA typically gives rise to three major arteries, namely the brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid, and left subclavian, which is the most common branching pattern. Aim: To investigate the morphometric parameters of the AA and its branches, including the diameters, angles formed by the branches with the AA, and the distance of origin of these branches from the mid vertebral line. Materials and Methods: This descriptive observational cross- sectional study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy at NRI Medical College, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India,, from June 2017 to August 2021. A total of 50 aortic arches, along with their branches, were examined from cadavers (45 males, 5 females) assigned to 1st-year MBBS students for regular dissection practicals. Measurements such as the diameter of the arch at its origin and termination, diameter of major vessels at their origin, angles made by major vessels at their origin with the convexity of the arch, and the distance of origin of major branches from the midvertebral line were recorded. Vernier calipers with an accuracy of 0.01 mm were used to measure various parameters, and angles were measured using a Goniometer. Mean and Standard Deviation (SD) were calculated for each parameter using an MS Excel sheet. Results: The distance of origin of the brachiocephalic trunk from the midvertebral line was found to be 1.86±5.13 mm to the right of the midline, while the distance of origin of the Left Common Carotid Artery (LCCA) and Left Subclavian Artery (LSA) from the midvertebral line were +12.68±6.43 mm and +26.31±6.73 mm, respectively. The diameters of the mentioned branches at their origin were 11.22±2.29 mm, 7.39±1.49 mm, and 8.38±2.15 mm, and the angles made by these branches with the aortic arch were 89.10±18.48, 73.52±14.55, and 73.93±16.80 degrees, respectively. Conclusion: The morphometric parameters of the AA and its branches, as observed in the present study, hold significant clinical importance and can be valuable for cardiothoracic and vascular surgeons working in this region.
The Morphometric Analysis of Adult Dry Patellae: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ranjan Pampi , Pai Nagaraja , Bhosale Yuvaraj
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The patella is the largest sesamoid bone in the body, which develops within the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle. It is a flat, distally tapered, and proximally curved bone. The morphometric study of the patella is important for orthopaedic surgeries. Aim: To conduct a morphometric analysis of the adult dry patella. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 50 dry human patellae from both the right and left sides of unknown gender. These specimens were obtained from the “Bone Library” of the Department of Anatomy, TN Medical College, and Nair Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, during the period from December 2022 to February 2023. Patellar length, width, thickness, as well as the width of the articular facet, were measured using an electronic digital vernier caliper. Mean, standard deviations, and p-value were calculated using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26.0. Patellar parameters between the right and left sides were compared, and an unpaired student's t-test was applied. Results: The mean height, width, and thickness of the right patellae were 42.08±3.44 mm, 45.20±4.35 mm, and 18.85±2.16 mm, respectively, while those of the left patellae were 42.68±3.52 mm, 45.00±2.57 mm, and 19.56±1.62 mm, respectively. The mean width of the medial and lateral articular facets of the right patellae were 18.65±2.65 mm and 23.20±2.20 mm, respectively, while those of the left patellae were 19.10±2.25 mm and 22.61±1.69 mm, respectively. Conclusion: The present study evaluates different dimensions such as length, width, thickness, and the articular facet of the patella. These findings will be helpful in designing knee implants and during reconstructive surgeries related to the knee.
Morphometric Parameters of the Fibrous Arch of Flexor Digitorum Superficialis: A Cross-sectional Cadaveric Study in the Indian Population
Authors: Rajeswari Aishwarya , Isaac Bina
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The Flexor Digitorum Superficialis arch (FDS arch) serves as a connection between the humero-ulnar and radial heads of the FDS muscle. This arch can potentially compress the median nerve, leading to the development of pronator syndrome. Aim: To describe the morphometric parameters of the FDS arch in the Indian population. Materials and Methods: A two-year cross-sectional cadaveric study was conducted at the Department of Anatomy, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India, from December 2018 to November 2020. Thirty-four forearms from 17 adult cadavers (8 male and 9 female) were included in the study after excluding those with forearm deformities caused by trauma, congenital malformations, or scars. Measurements were taken for the distance from the medial epicondyle to the apex of the FDS arch and the thickness of the arch. The type of FDS arch (tendinous or muscular, distinct or indistinct) was also observed. Descriptive statistics, including means, standard deviations, and range, were calculated using STATA/IC 16.0. Results: Among the specimens, the FDS arch was tendinous in 20 (58.8%) and muscular in 14 (41.2%) cases. The mean distance from the medial epicondyle to the apex of the FDS arch was 65.8±12.8 mm, and the mean thickness was 0.80±0.43 mm. A distinct arch was observed in 25 (73.53%) specimens, while an indistinct arch was found in 9 (26.47%) specimens. Conclusion: The findings of this study contributed valuable insights for surgical interventions aimed at decompressing the median nerve entrapment in the proximal forearm.
Age and Sex-Related Anatomical Variation in Vessel Diameters of Circle of Willis in Patients of Subarachnoid Haemorrhage Using Digital Subtraction Angiography: A Retrospective Descriptive study
Authors: Das Arghya , Chandra Anwesha , Das Arijit , Banerjee Manotosh
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Subarachnoid Haemorrhage (SAH) is a distinct form of stroke characterised by bleeding in the subarachnoid space. The incidence of SAH is influenced by various factors, including age, gender, and geographic location. Aim: To evaluate age and sex-related anatomical variation in vessel diameters of the Circle of Willis (CoW) in patients with SAH in Eastern India. Materials and Methods: A retrospective descriptive analysis was conducted on patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms who were admitted to the Institute of Neurosciences in Kolkata and diagnosed with SAH using brain computed tomography between January 2014 and September 2015. Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) was performed on 50 patients, aged 15 to 70 years. The vessel diameters of CoW components were measured using specialised software. Statistical analysis using the Mann-Whitney test was conducted to assess differences in vessel diameters based on age and sex. Results: The results showed that older patients (≤40 years) had larger vessel diameters compared to younger patients (<40 years) in most segments of the CoW, indicating possible age- related atherosclerotic changes. Among female patients, the younger age group exhibited a significantly larger mean vessel diameter of 1.67 mm in the Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA) (A1) segment of the left-side compared to the older age group with a mean vessel diameter of 1.32 mm in the same segment (p-value=0.045). In general, males had larger vessel diameters than females, except in specific segments. Conclusion: The knowledge gained from this research can contribute to improve the accuracy and effectiveness of interventions, such as endovascular coiling or surgical clipping, and ultimately optimising patient outcomes.
Acoustic Changes in Patients with Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease without Voice Complaints: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Karanth Tulasi Kota , Kumar Manoj , Nayyar Supreet , Gupta Rahul , Chauhan Indrajeet , Sonkar Lekhraj
Published: December 2023

Introduction: In Laryngopharyngeal Reflux (LPR), refluxate rich in acid, pepsin, and bile regurgitates above the upper oesophageal sphincter onto the laryngeal mucosa. However, not all patients with LPR present with subjective voice changes. This may be due to a gradual change in voice that remains unnoticed. The clinical subtlety is important for diagnosis or at least awareness for better treatment and care. Aim: To objectively determine preclinical acoustic changes in patients with LPR who have not reported any voice complaints. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on adult patients visiting the Out-patient department of a Tertiary Care Teaching Institute in Northern India, from September 2022 to October 2022. Patients with LPR but without voice changes were included in the study. They underwent multidimensional voice analysis during the phonation of the vowel /a/. Mean fundamental frequency (MF0), absolute jitter, absolute shimmer, and Soft Phonation Index (SPI) were analysed for the sample and compared to the gender-specific mean values provided by the software used. Statistical significance was determined using the one-sample t-test. Results: A total of 27 participants (20 females, 7 males) completed the study. In the female group, the mean MF0 (204.30±32.49 Hz) was significantly lower, absolute jitter (92.41±87.93 μs), absolute shimmer (0.38±0.31 dB), and SPI (25.62±15.24) were significantly higher than the reference mean. In the male group, the mean MF0 (138.03 Hz), absolute jitter (104.01±84.28 μs), and absolute shimmer (0.34±0.16 dB) were not significantly different from the reference mean. However, SPI (25.09±16.95) remained significantly higher than the reference mean. Conclusion: Increased jitter, shimmer, and SPI are primary acoustic changes observed in patients with LPR. These changes appear even before patients experience any voice changes.
Scope of Bioaggregate in Paediatric Dentistry: A Narrative Review
Authors: Saraswat Yatika , Ramassamy Eswari , Shivashankarappa Prathima Gajula
Published: December 2023

Paediatric Dentistry has witnessed significant changes in the materials used in pulp therapy in recent years. Bioceramic materials have been considered as the dawn of a new era in dentistry. The introduction of these materials into pulp therapy as mineralising materials has brought about enormous productive changes. Bioaggregate (BA) is a newly introduced nanoparticle-sized bioceramic material produced as an alternative to Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), aiming to overcome the disadvantages of the material. Invitro studies and a few clinical studies have demonstrated its biocompatibility and other properties, establishing it as an alternative to MTA and expanding its clinical applications. The aim of the present narrative review is to provide insight into the properties of BA, considering its scope in Paediatric dentistry.
Comparison of Postoperative Analgesic Effect of Ultrasound-guided Erector Spinae Plane Block and Local Anaesthetic Infiltration with 0.375% Ropivacaine in Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Patients: A Randomised Clinical Study
Authors: Renganathan S , Prabhu SC Ganesh , Raj Naveen
Published: December 2023

Introduction: The Erector Spinae Plane Block (ESPB) is a novel procedure that has shown benefits in postoperative pain management for various surgeries. It involves the systemic infiltration of anaesthesia into the surrounding tissues, which helps to suppress local pain responses. Aim: To compare the efficacy of Ultrasound-guided (USG) ESPB with local anaesthetic infiltration in postoperative pain management for patients undergoing Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL). The comparison was based on the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) score and the time taken for the first rescue analgesic requirement, along with its total consumption within 24 hours. Materials and Methods: A randomised clinical study was conducted in the Department of Anaesthesia at Velammal Medical College and Hospital, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India. The duration of the study was two months, from September 2022 to October 2022. A total of 70 patients were randomly assigned to either group L (n=35) (local anaesthetic infiltration) or group E (n=35) (USG-guided ESPB). Demographic details, NRS pain scores, time taken for the first rescue analgaesia, and total consumption within 24 hours were noted and analysed. Descriptive analysis was performed, and a comparison between the groups was made using the Mann-Whitney U test or Chisquare test. Analysis was conducted using coGuide V1.0.3. Results: The mean age (mean±SD) of the study participants in group L and group E was found to be 49.31±13.96 years and 46.37±13.72 years, respectively. A total of 35 patients were included in each group, consisting of 16 (45.71%) females and 19 (54.29%) males in both groups. The difference in NRS scores was significant at 30 minutes, one hour (p-value <0.001), and six hours (p-value <0.011). The median time required for the first rescue analgesic was found to be 480 and 30 minutes in group E and group L, respectively (p-value <0.001). The median total consumption within 24 hours was 50 mg in both groups. Conclusion: The USG-guided ESPB provided a longer-lasting analgesic effect in postoperative pain management for PCNL patients, as evidenced by the NRS pain scale, postoperative opioid consumption, and time for the first rescue analgesia
Orthodontic Marvel: Correction of Class II Malocclusion with the Churro Jumper Appliance
Authors: Agarwal Nishu , Daigavane Pallavi , Kumar Nikhil , Suchak Dhwani
Published: December 2023

Class II malocclusion is a common orthodontic issue characterised by an excessive overjet, where the upper front teeth are significantly ahead of the lower ones. It often leads to aesthetic concerns and functional problems. Orthodontic treatment is the preferred solution to correct Class II malocclusion, and among the diverse range of appliances available, the Churro Jumper Appliance has emerged as a groundbreaking innovation. The present case report is about a 15-year-old male patient with Class II division 1 malocclusion and a retrognathic mandible. The MBT 0.022" prescription was used for bonding. After levelling and aligning both the upper and lower arches, and closing the anterior spacing, the Churro Jumper was used as a fixed functional appliance for mandibular repositioning. The required results were achieved using the appliance, and the patient’s occlusion was brought to a Class I molar and canine relationship, while also improving the profile. The treatment was completed in 17 months. Although several fixed functional appliances are available in the market for Class II correction, the Churro Jumper appliance was used in the present case.
Assessment of Environmental and Social Impact of Benin-delta Power Transmission line Expansion Project
Authors: Horsfall M. A. S. , Obafemi A. A. , Hart A. I.
Published: December 2023

This study examined the environmental and social impacts and household vulnerability of the 107 km Benin-Delta (Ughelli) 330 kV power transmission line (TL) expansion project right of way (ROW). Questionnaires were administered to 56 communities and 344 households to obtain information on their livelihood and the perceived environmental and social impacts of the TL expansion. Results revealed the TL on land use, community socio-cultural and health Status, employment and opportunities, community agitation and social economic status, they were found to be high, low, beneficial, medium and low in that order. Loss of land and economic trees were identified as the highest impacts of the project. All communities within the sphere of influence of the project had encroached on the existing ROW. The most vulnerable groups affected by the project are the non-indigenous elderly, widows and female-headed households, children, herdsmen, unemployed and those that have lost their lands and are now without means of livelihood. The valuation of assets and losses suffered suggests the need for resettlement and compensation. Specific mitigation measures which could help ameliorate suffering of the economically vulnerable households should be put in place.
Effect of Innovation Adoption on Financial Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises in Kilifi County, Kenya
Authors: Mwakera Justus Mwandoe , Kavale Stanley , Odunga Robert , Riwo-Abudho Marcella
Published: December 2023

Aims: Small and medium enterprises (SMEs), create jobs and contribute to GDP but SMEs in Kilifi County are facing stagnation and high failure rate. This study set out to test three hypothesis i.e. process innovation has no significant effect on financial performance of SME’s, product innovation has no significant effect on financial performance of SME’s & Structured innovation has no significant effect on the financial performance of SME’s. The study is anchored on Theory of Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Diffusion of innovation Theory and Kane's Theory of Innovation.

Study Design: The study employed explanatory research design with use of both qualitative and quantitative data approaches.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in the year 2021/2022 in Kilifi County in Kenya.

Methodology: From a target population of 496 registered SMEs, a Sample size of 216 SMEs was drawn using simple random sampling with use of self-administered questionnaires with both open and closed ended questions collecting data from managers/owners of the SMEs.

Results: Correlation results indicated that innovation (product, process and structural) are significantly associated with financial performance. Regression results revealed existence of a significant effect of each innovation on Financial Performance; Business Structural Innovation (B=.106, p= .001), Process innovation (B=.289, p=.003) and Product innovation (B=.143, P<.001). 

Conclusions: A key finding is that only one in every five SMEs in Kilifi are past their 8th birthday. Business innovation has the highest variability suggesting most of the SMEs configure their businesses to market needs. Despite business innovation being low in SMEs, it is the most yielding when it comes to its effect on financial performance. Compared to business and process innovation, product innovation has least differences among the SME. It is conclusive that innovation among the SMEs is still low but the innovation-pursuing SMEs are also performance leaders.
Management of Research in a Post-Graduate Institute: Quality Assurance Systems
Authors: Namara Rose B. , Komakech Robert Agwot , Rwemisisi Jude T. , Namubiru Proscovia Ssentamu , Alinda Fred , Barifaijo Maria Kaguhangire
Published: December 2023

In this study, the authors delve into a comprehensive framework for research management within a postgraduate institute, explicitly focusing on quality assurance systems. Drawing insights from the Uganda Management Institute (UMI), the authors have provided an illuminating overview of the institute's research management and administration landscape. Beginning with an exploration of the background of UMI, research management, UMI research functions, and the diverse committees that underpin UMI's research ecosystem, the study sheds light on the intricacies of managing research within a postgraduate institute. The study also presents the quality assurance protocols for postgraduate study at UMI, meticulously delineating the criteria and guidelines underpinning quality assurance. In assuring quality, the authors emphasized the importance of academic rigor, ethical research conduct, contributions to the respective fields of study and contribution to the socioeconomic well-being of society. The last section of the study is the conclusion that underscores the significance of effective research management in a postgraduate institute.
Action Competence towards Environmental Citizenship of College of Teacher Education Students
Authors: Maraat Gerardo Jr. D. , Horio Anne Liezle P. , Valleser Maria Lucille R. , Sinang Aileen J.
Published: December 2023

This correlational study investigated the relationship between action competence and environmental citizenship in the context of teacher education. A sample of 324 teacher education students enrolled during the Second Semester of School Year 2022 - 2023 at the University of Mindanao, Philippines were selected as respondents, and they completed a modified survey instrument that collected data on their levels of action competence and environmental citizenship. The analysis of descriptive statistics using mean scores revealed high levels of both action competence and environmental citizenship. The results also determined teacher education students’ willingness to act and sustainability as key indicators of their action competence and environmental citizenship, respectively. Pearson's r correlation coefficient value of r = .688 (P = .000) showed a significant positive relationship between the two variables indicating that students with higher levels of action competence were more likely to exhibit environmental citizenship behaviors. These findings suggest that action competence is an important factor in fostering environmental citizenship among teacher education students. The researchers described these results about their implications for curriculum design, pedagogical approaches, and policy development, highlighting the importance of integrating sustainability education into teacher preparation programs to nurture action competence and empower future educators to contribute effectively to sustainable development efforts.
Method Development and Validation for the Simultaneous Estimation of Pregabalin, Methylcobalamin and Nortriptyline in Sustained Release Tablet Dosage Form Using UV-Spectrophotometry
Authors: Sonulkar Sonali , Jain Khush R. , Rizwani Fariah F. , Somani Rakesh , Pingale Rupesh
Published: December 2023

To method develop and validate simple, linear, rapid, cost effective, precise, accurate and economical for the simultaneous estimation of Pregabalin, Methylcobalamin and Nortriptyline in sustained release tablet dosage form using UV-Spectrophotometry. The drug obeyed the Beer’s law and showed good correlation of concentration with absorption which reflect in linearity. The UV- Spectroscopic method was developed for estimation of Pregabalin, Methylcobalamin and Nortriptyline in sustained release tablet dosage form and also validated as per ICH guidelines. The method is based on measurement of absorbance at three wavelengths 219 nm, 222 nm, and 239 nm in Ethanol and distilled water. Linearity graph of Pregabalin, Methylcobalamin and Nortriptyline were found to be linear in the concentration ranges of 30-150 µg/ml, 0.6-3.0 µg/ml and 2-10 µg/ml. The correlation coefficient (R2) values at three wavelengths 219 nm, 222 nm, and 239 nm for Pregabalin are 0.9996, 0.9929, and 0.9996; for Methylcobalamin (R2) values are 0.9998, 0.9991, and 0.9997; for Nortriptyline (R2) values are 1.0, 0.9992 and 0.9997. The low % RSD values indicate method to be accurate and precise. The % recoveries of Pregabalin, Methylcobalamin and Nortriptyline were in the range of (99.30%-1-1.61%), (98.89%-100.02%) and (99.69%-100.23%) which was within standard acceptance limits.  All other validation parameters were performed by following respective ICH guidelines.
Neonatal Respiratory Distress in a Poor Resource Setting: From Epidemiology to Outcome
Authors: Nagalo Kisito , Toguyeni Laure , Douamba Sonia , Savadogo Hamidou , Sina Naïma , Bélemviré Aïssatou , Sanwidi Myriam , Konaté Balkissa , Kyélem Carine , Yé Diarra
Published: December 2023

Background: Neonatal respiratory distress one of the main causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality. It is a diagnostic and therapeutic emergency whose etiology is dominated by respiratory pathologies.

Objective: To study the epidemiological, clinical, diagnostic, therapeutic, and outcomes aspects of neonatal respiratory distress in order to help reduce its impact on neonatal morbidity and mortality.

Methods: A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study covering the period from 1st January 2017 to 31 December 2018 was conducted in the Neonatology Unit of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pédiatrique Charles de Gaulle of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso (West Africa). The clinical records of newborns admitted for respiratory distress (n=305) were included in the study. Results: Over the two-year period, the frequency of neonatal respiratory distress was 39.1% (305/780). Factors of respiratory distress were early neonatal period (80%), male sex (60.7%), full-term birth (82.3%), and normal birth weight (66.3%). The Silverman and Andersen score was mild (20.4%), moderate (68.5%), and severe (11.1%). The main causes of respiratory distress were neonatal septicemic infection (59.3%) and perinatal asphyxia (30.5%). Treatment mainly includes cardiopulmonary resuscitation, maintenance of fluid and electrolyte balance, and oxygen therapy. There were 83 deaths, giving a case-fatality rate of 27.2%. Major causes of death were sepsis (13.1%) and perinatal asphyxia (9.8%).

Conclusion: Neonatal respiratory distress is common in our neonatal unit. In order to reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality linked to this condition, action must be taken to combat neonatal sepsis, perinatal asphyxia, and preterm birth.
Identification of Refugia Plants in Vegetable Crops in Agam, West Sumatera, Indonesia
Authors: Dwipa Indra , Reflinaldon  , Rahmat Ali , Hafizah Endang , Khaira Riri
Published: December 2023

Aims: The study aimed to identify the refugia plants in vegetable crops in Agam regency, West Sumatera, Indonesia.

Study Design:  Purposive random sampling.

Place and Duration of Study: The research was conducted in vegetable plantations in Agam regency, West Sumatera and Laboratory of Weeds, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia from May to October 2023.

Methodology: Purposive random sampling was use as method in the study. Three districts were chosen as sampling locations (Ampek Angkek, Banuhampu and Sungai Pua). In each district, two Nagari (Sub-district) were chosen to determine vegetable plantations. In each Nagari, two widest area of crop plantation were chosen as locations. The refugia plants were collected and brought to Laboratory to identify. The identification was conducted in Laboratory of Weed, Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University. 

Results: 12 refugia plants were found in vegetable crops in Agam regency, Tagetes spp., Cosmos spp., Catharanthus roseus, Melastoma malabathricum, Brassica oleracea, Melampodium spp., Helianthus annuus, Coleus scutellarioides, Momordica charantia, Tagetes spp., Ipomoea spp.  dan Tagetes erecta.

Conclusion: There is various refugia plants in vegetable crops in Agam regency.
The Potential of YouTube as a Source of Mathematics Learning Education
Authors: Anisa Yuan , Hafiz Muhammad , Azmi Fadhillah
Published: December 2023

The rapid progress in technology and information has facilitated the integration of computer-based technology into the realm of education. Utilizing computer technology as a learning medium or learning resource is something that must be done. Indeed, a plethora of educational resources are readily available on the internet in the form of electronic learning (e-learning). The predominant format of content in e-learning platforms is textual, which poses challenges for students in comprehending mathematical concepts due to the nature of mathematical material that often involves detailed explanations of problem-solving procedures. Due to this rationale, instructional materials presented in the format of videos serve as a viable substitute for textual media. The educational videos that have been produced can be published on online platforms dedicated to video sharing, such as YouTube. The objective of this study is to assess the viability of YouTube as an educational resource for mathematical education. The present study employs a qualitative descriptive methodology, wherein the researcher assumes the role of the primary instrument. The study involved an examination of mathematics learning materials that were released by various channels on the YouTube platform. Additionally, interviews were performed with mathematics educators and high school students to gather their perspectives on the use of YouTube as a resource for studying mathematics. The findings of the study indicate the existence of YouTube channels that offer mathematics educational content suitable for student learning purposes. In the study, it was found that 30% of the participating students utilised YouTube as a means of acquiring knowledge in the field of mathematics. However, it is worth noting that participants inadvertently stumbled into mathematics learning videos on YouTube while utilising the platform as a source for learning mathematics. Students utilise the Google search engine to seek for relevant material, subsequently employing YouTube as a platform to locate videos that align with their specific preferences. Based on interviews conducted with mathematics educators and students, it is evident that YouTube has the potential to serve as a viable platform for mathematical education. However, it is crucial to acknowledge and evaluate the various advantages and disadvantages associated with its use in this context.
Non-traumatic Subcapsular Hematoma of the Liver in a Patient under Rivaroxaban: A Rare Clinical Occurrence
Authors: Abdalani B. , Njie M. , Mulendelé P. M. , Zouad A. , Haboub M. , Benouna G. M , Drighil A. , Habbal R.
Published: December 2023

Direct oral anticoagulants are used in the management and prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and other thrombotic diseases including non-valvular atrial fibrillation. The most serious complication of DOAC agents is bleeding, dominated by gastrointestinal hemorrhages, even if the bleeding risk is much rarer compared to VKA therapy. DOACs are sometimes linked to hepatotoxicity which can sometimes lead to severe hepatocellular insufficiency and also to non-hemorrhagic gastrointestinal disorders. We present a rare clinical entity of a spontaneous subcapsular hematoma of the liver in patient diagnosed with thrombosis of the right internal jugular vein treated with rivaroxaban, undergoing chemotherapy and hormonotherapy after surgery for breast cancer. The diagnosis was confirmed by imagery (abdominal CT scan) after clinical manifestation of an onset pain at the right hypochondrium of the abdomen. Conservative treatment was used in the patient with close follow up after hospital discharge.
Analysis of Genetic Variability and Correlation in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Recombinant Inbred Lines (F6) for Yield and Its Component Traits
Authors: Reddy Vishal , Kalyani M. B.  , Nakul D. M.  , Padmashree R.  , Manjunatha B.  , Divya B.  , Dushyantha Kumar B. M.  , Satish K. M.  , Usha T. N.  , Kalleshwara Swamy C. M.  , Lokesha R.
Published: December 2023

grain yield and its component traits in 150 rice recombinant inbred lines, their parents and six checks at ICAR-IIRR, Hyderabad and AHRS, Kathalagere in wet 2022. The experiments were laid out in an augmented block design with five blocks. Phenotypic coefficients of variance were higher than genotypic coefficients of variance for all the traits across the locations. A joint consideration of high heritability in broad sense (h2) and genetic advance as per cent mean estimates were obtained for plant height, number of tillers, number of productive tillers, panicle length, number of grains per panicle, test weight, grain yield per plant suggesting that the traits were primarily under genetic control. Furthermore, high heritability (h2) and GAM recorded in these characters could be explained by additive gene action. However, high estimates (h2) combined with moderate GAM recorded for days to 50% flowering could be due to non-additive gene effect. Grain yield per plant recorded positive and significant correlation with the total number of grains per panicle (0.32***, 0.30***) and number of productive tillers per plant (0.21***, 0.26***) at both the locations. This result indicates that selection based on these two traits will be highly effective for yield improvement in rice.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Children (5 to 14 Years) in Relation to Predisposing Factors and Prevention of Soil-transmitted Helminth Infections in South West Region, Cameroon
Authors: Keng Kfu Emmanuel , Ndamukong-Nyanga Judith Lum , Nji Desdemona Njabi , Margaret Nyambi Ali
Published: December 2023

Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) diseases are among the group of Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD). STHs infections are a significant public health problem globally with children being the most affected group. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice in relation to predisposing factors and preventive measures for STHs among children 4 to 15 years in Mutegene community.

It was a cross-sectional study, involving 250 school children of both sexes. A systematic random sampling method was used to collect data. Basic demographic data was obtained from the class registers. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on personal bio-data, characteristics of their home and school environment in relation to helminthes transmission and prevention. Data was analysed using SPSS version 21 and Chi-square test. 

The results showed that 44.4 % (n=109) of the participants had good knowledge of parasitic worms, and 62.0 % (n=155) of the participants knew how to avoid getting infected with worms. Soil-transmitted helminth infection was present in Mutengene community with an overall prevalence of 3.6% and the species present included A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura, and hookworms. Participants who indicated that they played out-doors had the highest prevalence (2.8%, n=7) closely followed by those who usually played in water (2.4%, n=6) and thirdly, by those who always put dirt in their mouth (2.0%, n=5).

At the end of the study, the researchers ecommended that health education should be given through community radios and televisions as a means of making the people understand the mode of transmission and methods of prevention of STH infection in order to eliminate STHs.
Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-cancer Activities of Leaf Extracts from Three Datura Species Found in Mali
Authors: Togola Issiaka , Konare Mamadou Abdoulaye , Cisse Cheickna , Diarra Nouhoum
Published: December 2023

The anti-inflammatory potential was estimated using cancer cells, by quantifying nitrites (NO) based on colorimetric method (Griess reaction) and the cell viability based on the WST-1 assay. The antiproliferative activity was assessed on cell lines (HeLa and MCF-7) using the Cell Titer Glo® assay. A phytochemical screening was conducted to identify the main groups of bioactive compounds present in these extracts. The phytochemical analysis revealed that leaf extracts from all three Datura species are sources of various secondary metabolites, including alkaloids, flavonoids and coumarins. The highest anti-inflammatory power was recorded with D. stramonium and D. innoxia extracts. with a concentration of 10 µg/mL of each extract, murine macrophages have normally grown, with NO inhibition rates of 30.05 ±3.11% and 25.70 ±2.04% for D. innoxia and D. stramonium respectively. The anticancer activity was more pronounced with D. stramonium extracts, which showed 13.33±3.05% of viability rate on the HeLa cell line at 50 µg/mL. In contrast, at the same concentration, the MCF-7 cell line was more sensitive to D. innoxia extracts, with a viability rate of 42.67±2.52%. The results of that study showed that three Datura species investigated have immunostimulant potential which could them to be useful in the treatment of breast and cervical cancers.
A Comparative Study of Pubertal Development in HIV-Infected and Non-HIV-Infected Boys in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
Authors: Azubogu U. S.  , Ugwu R. O.  , Jaja T.  , Alikor E. A.
Published: December 2023

Background:  Pubertal abnormalities can occur in HIV-infected boys and have negative effects on reproductive health, final adult height as well as psychosocial health and quality of life. This study was aimed at comparing the pubertal development in HIV-infected and non-HIV-infected boys attending two tertiary hospitals in Port Harcourt.

Materials and Methods: A Comparative cross sectional study was carried out involving 80 HIV-infected boys aged 10-18 years and 80 non-HIV-infected boy who were matched for age, sex and socioeconomic class.

Results: The mean age of the HIV-infected boys was 13.22±2.31 while that of the non-HIV-infected boys was 13.24±2.30 and this difference was not statistically significant. On physical evaluation using the Tanner staging method, only 64 (80%) HIV-infected boys had attained puberty as against 76 (95%) in the non-HIV-infected group (ꭓ2= 13.091, p-value=0.011). Pubertal onset occurred at a significantly later age in HIV-infected boys when compared to the non-HIV-infected ones (11.76±1.33 years vs 10.81±0.77 years). Pubertal  delay was  seen in 2 (2.5%)  and this was significantly more common among those who were underweight as well as those in WHO clinical stages 3 and 4.

Conclusion: Pubertal onset occurred at a significantly later age in HIV-infected boys when compared to the non-HIV-infected boys. There is need to monitor pubertal development in HIV-infected boys so that deviations from normal can be promptly identified and necessary interventions given.