bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COST-DEPENDENT ELECTRIC CONSUMPTION AS A TOOL OF RISK MANAGEMENT OF NON-PAYMENT FOR ELECTRIC ENERGY OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES
Authors: Dzyuba A. P. , Soloveva I, A.
Published: June 2019

The growth of indebtedness of industrial enterprises operating in conditions of economic instability for consumed electricity and the sanctions imposed by the energy supplying organizations for late payments, determine the urgency of the problem of managing the risks of non-payment for energy from industrial enterprises. The article is devoted to the description of the method developed by the authors for managing the risks of non-payment of industrial enterprises for consumed electricity, based on the principles of price-dependent electricity consumption. Based on the study of the mechanism of formation of the cost of electricity purchased by industrial enterprises in the wholesale and retail electricity markets, special methods were proposed to control each component of the cost of electricity: electrical energy, electrical power, electricity transmission services. It justifies the need to develop options for operating modes of industrial equipment, such as nominal load mode, load limiting mode, technological minimum load, in order to effectively implement and use price-dependent power consumption in crisis conditions.Modeling scenarios of price-dependent demand management for power consumption is made on the example of a machine-building enterprise and the calculation and component-wise analysis of the economic effect of price-dependent management and the factors influencing its formation are carried out. The developed method allows you to effectively manage the risks of non-payment of industrial enterprises for electricity, as well as minimize the risks of restricting the supply of electricity to industrial facilities and disruptions in the operation of industrial equipment.
Impact of high amylase level in drainage fluid after gastric cancer surgery: Is it a complication or suspicious biochemical measurement?
Authors: HASBAHÇECİ Mustafa , CENGİZ Merve Büşra , AKÇAKAYA Adem , MALYA Fatma Ümit , KUNDUZ Enver , BEKTAŞOĞLU Hüseyin Kazım
Published: June 2019

Purpose: Pancreatic fistula is a
potential postoperative complication with variable definitions, incidences and
risk factors. We intended to evaluate its impact after gastric surgery. Materials and Methods: A total of 28 consecutive patients
who underwent curative open gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy for gastric
adenocarcinoma were retrospectively analyzed. Patients’ demographics,
peri-operative and pathological data were collected. Pancreatic fistula that
was diagnosed and graded according to International Study Group of Pancreatic
Fistula’s system was identified as main variable.Results: Mean age of
patients was 58.8±10.1 years with a female to male ratio of 9/19. Grade
A pancreatic fistula was diagnosed in six patients (21.4%). There was no grade B and C pancreatic
fistula. Drain amylase level was significantly higher in patients with
pancreatic fistula (p=0.0001). There was no significant difference with regard
to amount of drainage, length of hospital stay and duration of drains in
patients with and without fistula. No significant association was shown between
development of fistula and patients’ demographics, peri-operative and
pathological data.

Conclusion: The development of grade A
pancreatic fistula after gastric surgery does not appear to be a major
complication with clinical consequences. High amylase level in the drainage
fluid can be considered as a biochemical measure only.
Evaluation of patients with dizziness who applied to emergency service
Authors: KOÇER Mürsel , AVCI Akkan , GÜLEN Müge , AVCİ Begüm Şeyda , SATAR Salim , KOÇ Filiz
Published: June 2019

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the demographic characteristics of the patients presenting to the emergency room with dizziness, the etiologic causes leading to the complaints and the laboratory findings as well as the prognosis.Materials and methods: The file data of a total of 5,056 patients admitted to the Adana Numune Training and Research Hospital Emergency Medicine Clinic between January 2013 and January 2015 were reviewed retrospectively. Mean, standard deviation, median, lowest, highest, frequency and ratio values were used in the descriptive statistics of the data. Results: Two thousand nine hundred four of the patients were female (57.4%), 2,152 were male (42.6%) and the average age was 53.6 (± 18.2) years. It was determined that the complaints were common in the population between the ages of 51-70, and peripheric peripheral vertigo (n: 4.130, 81.6%), systemic causes (n: 664, 13.1%), and central vertigo (n: 249, 4.9%) were the most prevalent etiologies, respectively. It was determined that 83% of the patients were discharged following necessary procedures in the emergency room.Conclusion: Dizziness is one of the most important symptoms that bring patients to the emergency services. While many etiologies play a part, it is determined that neurological and cardiological evaluations must be done. Patients can mainly be managed in emergency services by simple maneuvering or medical treatment options.
Evaluation of depression among children and adolescents with brucellosis without neurological involvement
Authors: AKALTUN İsmail , KARA Soner Sertan , AYAYDIN Hamza , KARA Tayfun
Published: June 2019

Purpose: Brucella infection may appear with varying clinical manifestations, from subclinical infection to severe bacteremia or central nervous system infections. The aim of this study was to compare depression rates in brucellosis cases without neurobrucellosis with a non-brucellosis control group.Materials and Methods: One hundred and twenty children and adolescents, 60 with brucellosis and 60 controls, were included in the study. All subjects were administered the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children -Present and Lifetime Version-Turkish Version (K-SADS-PL-T), and psychiatric evaluation was performed on the basis of DSM-5 diagnostic criteria. Subjects were also assessed with the administration of the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and a detailed information form.Results:Depression was diagnosed in 16 (26.7%) of the patients with brucellosis, and in 3 (5%) of the control group, the incidence being significantly higher in the case group (p=0.002). CDI scores were also higher in the case group than in the control group (p< 0.001).Conclusion:The higher rate of depression in children and adolescents with brucellosis, even in the absence of neurological involvement, suggests the importance of these cases being evaluated in psychological terms.
Ebelik öğrencilerinin sosyal zeka düzeyleri ile meslek algıları arasındaki ilişki
Authors: AKÇA Emine , GÖKYILDIZ SÜRÜCÜ Şule , AKBAŞ Meltem , ŞENOĞLU Ayşe
Published: June 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışma; ebelik öğrencilerinin sosyal zekâ düzeyleri ile meslek algıları arasındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla tanımlayıcı olarak yapılmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel olarak yapılan araştırmanın örneklemini 15 Nisan-1 Mayıs 2018 tarihleri arasında okulda bulunan ve araştırmaya katılmayı gönüllü olarak kabul eden 174 ebelik öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Veriler “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, “Tromso Sosyal Zeka Ölçeği (TSZÖ)” ve “Ebelerin Mesleği Algılama Biçimleri ve Gelecekten Beklentilerini Sorgulayan Anket Formu” ile yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi kullanılarak toplanmıştır.Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan öğrencilerin yaş ortalamaları 20,99±2,385’tir. Öğrencilerin %91,4’ü bekar, %85,1’i çekirdek aile yapısına sahip ve %63,8’i yaşamını en çok ilde geçirmiştir. Öğrencilerin %31,6’sı 1. sınıf öğrencisidir. Çalışmada öğrencilerin %66,1’i bölümünü isteyerek seçtiğini ve %82,2’si bölümünü sevdiğini bildirmiştir. Öğrencilerin TSZÖ toplam puan ortalamaları 71,79±10,040’tır. Mesleğe adanmışlıkları olumlu olan, atamaları adaletli bulmayan, kurumda özlük haklarına ilişkin yeterince bilgilendirilmediklerini düşünen, mesleğinin toplumun gelişimine katkıda bulunduğunu düşünen ve mesleki anlamda sosyo-kültürel faaliyetlere katılan” öğrencilerin sosyal zeka düzeylerinin istatistiksel olarak daha yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır.Sonuç: Araştırmada ebelik öğrencilerinin sosyal zeka düzeyleri yüksek ve sosyal zekanın öğrencilerin meslek algısı ve gelecekten beklentilerini olumlu yönde etkilediği bulunmuştur.
Üniversite öğrencilerinde uykusuzluk, yorgunluk ve ağrıda kullanılan tamamlayıcı ve alternatif yöntemler
Authors: ÜNAL Kevser Sevgi , GÖZÜYEŞİL Ebru , TAR Edanur
Published: June 2019

Amaç: Bu araştırmada yabancı
uyruklu öğrencilerin ağrı, uykusuzluk ve yorgunlukta tamamlayıcı, alternatif
yöntemler kullanma durumlarının incelenmesi
amaçlanmıştırGereç ve Yöntem:Tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı tipte yapılan bu araştırma Türkiye’de bir
üniversitede öğrenim gören 100 uluslararası öğrenci ile yürütülmüştür. Araştırmacılar tarafından literatür bilgileri
doğrultusunda hazırlanan öğrencilerin sosyo- demografik özellikleri (cinsiyet,
yaş, kalınan yer v.s)  ve TAT kullanımı
ile ilişkili bazı özellikleri değerlendiren 30 soruluk veri toplama formudur.Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde yüzde, frekans ve ortalama testleri
kullanılmıştır. Bulgular:Araştırmaya katılan yabancı uyruklu öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması
21.52’dir.Öğrencilerin  %43 kadın, %57 si
ise erkek öğrencilerden oluşmaktadır. Öğrencilerin %79’u Suriyeli, %15’i Afgan,
%6’sı Türkmen  uyruklu’dur.  Yabancı uyruklu öğrencilerin %49’u  uyku problemi ile karşılaştıklarında, %34’ü
yorgunluk durumunda, %13’ü ise ağrı yönetiminde   tamamlayıcı alternatif tedavi (TAT)
kullanımına başvurdukları belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin %45’i ağrı yönetiminde,
%27’si yorgunluk’da, %21’i uyku problemi ile karşılaştıklarında  farmakolojik yöntemlere başvurdukları
saptanmıştırSonuç:Bu çalışmada öğrencilerin en çok uyku problemi ile karşılaştıklarında
TAT yöntemlerine başvurdukları, ağrı yönetiminde ise farmakolojik yöntemleri
tercih ettikleri belirlenmiştir.
Bipolar bozuklukta özkıyım davranışlarının değerlendirilmesi
Authors: UĞUR Kerim , TAMAM Lut , ÖZPOYRAZ Nurgül , DEMİRKOL Mehmet Emin
Published: June 2019

Amaç: Bu çalışmada düzenli olarak Bipolar Bozukluk tanısıyla izlenen hastalarda özkıyım davranışının, hastaların sosyodemografik ve klinik özellikleri, dürtüsellik ve çocukluk çağı travmaları ile ilişkisi araştırılmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya polikliniğimize başvuran Bipolar Bozukluk tanısıyla izlenen 91 hasta dahil edilmiştir. Çalışma verileri tarafımızca oluşturulan Duygudurum Bozuklukları Hasta Kayıt Formu, SCID-I, SCID-II, Young Mani Değerlendirme Ölçeği, Hamilton Depresyon Değerlendirme Ölçeği, Özkıyım Davranışı Ölçeği, Çocukluk Çağı Travmaları Ölçeği ve Barratt Dürtüsellik Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Tüm tanısal işlemler ve görüşmeler aynı psikiyatrist tarafından yapılmıştır.Bulgular:Çalışmaya dahil edilen 91 hastanın 52’si kadın, 39’u erkekti. Çalışmamızda 91 bipolar bozukluk hastasının 40’ında özkıyım girişimi öyküsü vardı. Özkıyım girişiminde bulunan grupta hastalık sürecinin daha çok depresif ve karma ataklarla seyrettiği, ataklar arası dönemde işlevselliğin kısmi etkilenmiş olduğunu ve psikotik özellikli daha ağır atak sıklığının daha fazla olduğunu bulduk. Bunun yanında iki grup arasında çocukluk çağı travmaları ve dürtüsellik için istatiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki bulamadık.Sonuç:Bipolar Bozukluk yaşam boyu süren ve işlevselliği büyük oranda bozan bir hastalıktır. Bipolar bozukluk yüksek oranlarda özkıyım girişimi ve tamamlanmış özkıyım ile ilişkilidir. Bu açıdan özkıyım davranışında bulunan hastalarla bulunmayan hastalar arasındaki sosyodemografik, klinik ve diğer değişkenlerin araştırılması ve olası risk faktörlerinin tespiti hastalarda gelişebilecek olası özkıyım davranışını önlemede etkili olacaktır.
WHO treatment guidelines against leprosy: a focus on pharmacovigilance.
Authors: THANGARAJU Pugazhenthan , VENKATESAN Sajitha
Published: June 2019

A focus on Pharmacovigilance
Prediction of Biopharmaceutical Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) by Structural Parameters
Authors: Golfar Yeganeh , Shayanfar Ali
Published: June 2019

Modeling of physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties is important for the prediction and mechanism characterization in drug discovery and development. Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS) is a four-class system based on solubility and metabolism. This system is employed to delineate the role of transporters in pharmacokinetics and their interaction with metabolizing enzymes. It further anticipates drug disposition and potential drug-drug interactions in the liver and intestine. According to BDDCS, drugs are classified into four groups in terms of the extent of metabolism and solubility (high and low). In this study, structural parameters of drugs were used to develop classification-based models for the prediction of BDDCS class. Reported BDDCS data of drugs were collected from the literature, and structural descriptors (Abraham solvation parameters and octanol–water partition coefficient (log P)) were calculated by ACD/Labs software. Data were divided into training and test sets. Classification-based models were then used to predict the class of each drug in BDDCS system using structural parameters and the validity of the established models was evaluated by an external test set. The results of this study showed that log P and Abraham solvation parameters are able to predict the class of solubility and metabolism in BDDCS system with good accuracy. Based on the developed methods for prediction solubility and metabolism class, BDDCS could be predicted in the correct with an acceptable accuracy. Structural properties of drugs, i.e. logP and Abraham solvation parameters (polarizability, hydrogen bonding acidity and basicity), are capable of estimating the class of solubility and metabolism with an acceptable accuracy.
Interleukin-18 Polymorphisms Deficiency Association with Asthma Risk: An Update Meta-analysis
Authors: LIU Huan , Feng Yu , Zhang Wei , Deng Xiao-Dong , Ma Ying , Liu Yun
Published: June 2019

Growing evidence indicated conflicting results that Interleukin-18 (IL-18) promoter polymorphisms rs1946518 (A-607C), rs187238 (G-137C) and rs549908 (A-105C) were associated with asthma risk. The aim of this study is to comprehensively evaluate the IL-18 polymorphisms and asthma by a systematic review and meta-analysis.
A total of 12 studies testing the association between these polymorphisms and asthma were examined (8 studies for A-607C, 8 studies for G-137C, and 4 studies for A-105C) in the update meta-analysis, up to Dec 30, 2017. Summary odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to estimate the strength of association between each polymorphism and asthma using fixed- and random-effects models when appropriate. Heterogeneity and publication bias were evaluated.
The meta-analysis results indicated that any allele frequencies of the IL-18 polymorphisms (A-607C, G-137C and A-105C) was not associated with asthma risk (p>0.05). And no statistically significant association was observed between genotype frequencies of these polymorphisms and asthma under different genetic models (p>0.05). Subgroup analysis results were similar to the main analysis by ethnicity, sample size, genotyping methods, matching criteria and quality score. There was no evidence of publication bias.
The present meta-analysis suggests that IL-18 polymorphisms (A-607C, G-137C and A-105C) were unlikely to be associated with asthma risk.
In Silico Structural Prediction and Production of a Chimeric Recombinant Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) Antigen
Authors: Malaei Fatemeh , Rasaee Mohammad Javad , Latifi Ali Mohammad , Rahbarizadeh Fatemeh
Published: June 2019

Dickkopf (DKK) family of proteins are known as antagonists for the Wnt-β-catenin signaling pathway. It is suggested that the Dickkopf-1 (DKK-1) has a role in several diseases such as hepatocellular carcinomas, hepatoblastomas, Wilms’ tumors, lung cancer and Myeloma bone disease.
The aim of the present study was to produce a chimeric-recombinant DKK-1 protein in order to induce immune response against the antigen.
The recombinant Dickkopf-1 (rDKK-1) protein was designed using bioinformatics analysis. The standard methods were used for cloning, expression and purification. The structure of recombinant protein was analyzed by spectroscopy methods. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blotting were performed to confirm the recombinant protein using a commercial anti-DKK-1 (whole protein) polyclonal antibody. The immunogenicity of the recombinant DKK-1 was assessed by immunizing, intraperitoneally, BALB/C mice four times with the 31-kDa and 45-kDa purified rDKK-1 cloned in pET28a and pET32a vectors respectively. The antibody titer was measured in due course of time.
Stronger immunogenic parts of the protein were selected based on in-silico predictions and recombinant protein was successfully designed. The chimeric gene was sub-cloned, expressed, purified and refolded. The purified protein was confirmed by Western blotting and ELISA. The three dimensional structural was confirmed by CD spectrum and predicted structures by bioinformatics tools, revealed the stability of helix structures. rDKK-1 protein was capable of inducing immune response with high titer antibody and  excessive humoral immune response. No significant difference was observed between immunization by 31-kDa and 45-kDa antigen.
Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Teucrium Polium Extract Abolishes Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) Tubulogenesis in Collagen Bed through Suppression of Cell Proliferation/VEGF Secretion
Authors: Askari Vahide , Shamlou Somayeh , Mostafaie Ali , Khaleqi Sara
Published: June 2019

Angiogenesis has essential role in growth and metastasis of tumors. Development of therapies aimed to suppress angiogenesis using medicinal plants is one of the effective approaches for prevention/treatment of cancer. The current study was performed to investigate in vitro anti-angiogenic effect of Teucrium Polium (TP) extract and its fractions.
The aerial part of Teucrium Polium was powdered and extracted with 50% ethanol. The extract was fractionated in to aqueous (AQ), n-butanol (BU), ethyl acetate (EA) and n-hexane (HE) fractions. Anti-angiogenic effect of TP was examined on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in three-dimensional collagen matrix. The endothelial cells form capillary-like branches that can be visualized using phase contrast microscope and the number of tube-like structures can be quantified as a measure of in vitro angiogenesis. Furthermore, anti-proliferative and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF )suppressive effect of TP as important factors in the process of angiogenesis were assessed using3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT)and quantitative ELISA, respectively.
Based on our findings, among the TP fractions, EA fraction showed the highest inhibitory activity on angiogenesis. This fraction with IC50: 68 µg/mL, inhibited angiogenesis at 60 µg/mL. The crude extract and other fractions of TP inhibited angiogenesis in a dose-dependent manner at doses higher concentrations than EA fraction, significantly.TP extract and EA fraction were able to inhibit proliferation of HUVEC and inhibited VEGF secretion in a dose dependent manner. The ethyl acetate fraction at 60 µg/ml inhibited VEGF secretion perfectly.
Our data indicated that ethyl acetate fraction of Teucrium Polium could be a potential candidate for the prevention of angiogenesis in cancer and other related disorders. However, this suggestion needs more quantitative and in vivo investigations for confirmation.
Evaluation of IL-17 Serum Level, Brain Inflammation and Demyelination in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis C57BL/6 Mice Model with Different Doses of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein
Authors: Ghorbani Mohammad Mehdi , Farazmandfar Touraj , Nasirikenari Mehrab , Abediankenari Saeid , Meamarian Ali , Shahbazi Majid
Published: June 2019

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system.MS creates a wide range of symptoms with lifelong debilitating consequences. The hallmark of the disease is the inflammation of the nervous system, which can lead to damage to the nerve tissue and loss of function of the neurons. IL-17 has a prominent role in the beginning of inflammatory reactions. Here, we analyzed a mouse model developed using anti-myelin antibodies. This mouse model mimics many symptoms of MS in humans.
C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into five groups. Mice were immunized subcutaneously with 50 μg, 100 μg, 150 μg and 200 μg myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in complete Freund’s adjuvant containing 4 mg/Ml Mycobacterium tuberculosis and two injections of 800 ng of pertussis toxin intraperitoneally, on day 0 and 2 post immunization. Serum level of IL-17 was measured, inflammation and demyelination of brain tissue were also evaluated.
Mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis demonstrated inflammatory cell accumulation, different degrees of demyelination in the brain, and rising levels of serum IL-17 depending on the dose of the anti-myelin antibody.
Our study demonstrates that level of IL-17 production is directly associated with inflammation and demyelination. In addition, different degrees of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice can be utilized to test a wide range of therapeutic interventions for MS treatment.
Generation of CCR5-ablated Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells as a Therapeutic Approach for Immune-mediated Diseases
Authors: Hosseini Rouzbahani Negin , Kaviani Saeid , Vasei Mohammad , Soleimani Masoud , Azadmanesh Kayhan , Nicknam Mohammad Hossein
Published: June 2019

C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) is a receptor for some pro-inflammatory chemokines which plays important roles in immunological disorder and host responses to infectious agents. Additionally, the prognosis of some immune-mediated diseases in the people who are naturally carrying the CCR5 32bp deletions is optimistic. However, the clinical application of CCR5 32bp mutant cells is very limited due to the rare availability of donors who are homozygous for CCR5 D32.
The transfection efficiency of nucleofected placental mesenchymal stem cells derived - human induced pluripotent stem cells (PMSC-hiPSCs) was examined through the evaluation of green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression using flow cytometry. The nucleofected clonal populations were selected using colony picking. The CCR5 gene disrupted clonal populations were evaluated and confirmed by PCR and Sanger sequencing methods. Also, off-target sites were evaluated by the “Loss of a primer binding site” technique.
The results of the flow cytometry revealed that among the six applied nucleofection programs for PMSC-iPSCs, the program of A-033 has achieved the best transfection efficiency (27.7%). PCR and then sequencing results confirmed the CCR5 gene was disrupted in two clonal populations of 16 (D6) and 62 (D20) by the Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR associated nuclease 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) system. The “Loss of a primer binding site” technique showed that no exonic off-target mutations were induced in both CCR5 gene disrupted clonal populations.
We establish a CRISPR/Cas9 mediated CCR5 ablated PMSC-hiPSCs without detectable off-target damage. This approach can provide a stable supply of autologous/allogeneic CCR5-disrupted PMSC-hiPSCs that might be a feasible approach for the treatment of immune-mediated diseases.
Histamine (H1) Receptors, Cyclooxygenase Pathway and Nitric Oxide Formation Involved in Rat Tracheal Smooth Muscle Relaxant Effect of Berberine
Authors: Saadat Saeideh , Naghdi Farzaneh , Ghorani Vahideh , Rakhshandeh Hassan , Boskabady Mohammad Hossein
Published: June 2019

In this study we aimed to examine the relaxant effect of berberine, a compound extracted from a variety of herbs, on rat tracheal smooth muscle (TSM) and its possible mechanism(s).
Cumulative concentrations of berberine (20, 65, 200 and 600 μg/mL) were added on pre-contracted TSM by methacholine or KCl in non-incubated or incubated tissues with atropine, chlorpheniramine, propranolol, diltiazem, glibenclamide, indomethacin, L-NG-nitro arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and papaverine. The relaxant effects of theophylline (0.2, 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 mM) as positive control and saline (1 mL) as negative control were also examined in non-incubated tissues.
Berberine showed significant and concentration-dependent relaxant effects in non-incubated tissues contracted by KCl and methacholine (p<0.01 to p<0.001). There was no significant difference in the relaxant effects of berberine between non-incubated and incubated tissues with atropine, propranolol, diltiazem, glibenclamide, and papaverine. The relaxant effects of second concentrations of berberine in incubated tissues with L-NAME, its three lower concentration in incubated tissues with chlorpheniramine and its all concentrations in incubated tissues with indomethacin were significantly lower than non-incubated tissues (p<0.05 to p<0.001). The EC50 values of berberine in incubated tissues with chlorpheniramine was significantly higher than the non-incubated condition (p<0.05).
Our findings reveal a relatively potent relaxant effect of berberine that is lower than the effect of theophylline. Proposed mechanisms for the relaxant effect of berberine are histamine (H1) receptor blockade, inhibition of cyclooxygenase pathways and/or nitric oxide formation.
Expression of miR-15b-5p, miR-21-5p, and SMAD7 in Lung Tissue of Sulfur Mustard-exposedIndividuals with Long-term Pulmonary Complications
Authors: Salimi Sahar , Noorbakhsh Farshid , Faghihzadeh Soghrat , Ghaffarpour Sara , Ghazanfari Tooba
Published: June 2019

Sulfur mustard (SM)-exposed individuals develop late pulmonary complications, which are associated with chronic inflammation and fibrotic changes in the lung tissue. MicroRNAs are known to act as important regulators of inflammatory responses, including inflammation and fibrosis-related cytokine signaling. In this study, we investigated the expression miR-15b-5p and miR-21-5p, two regulators of TGF-β signaling, as well as their target molecule, SMAD7, in lung tissues from SM-exposed and control individuals. Total RNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) lung tissue biopsies obtained during surgery from SM-exposed (n=20) or control (n=20) cases. Quality of the extracted RNA was evaluated by an Agilent Bioanalyzer and RNA was quantified using a NanoDrop. MiR-21-5p, miR-15b-5p and SMAD7 expression levels were measured by real-time RT-PCR.miR-21-5p expression levels were significantly decreased (2.7 fold) in the lung tissues from SM-exposed individuals compared with tissues obtained from the control group(p=0.02). There were no significant differences in miR-15b-5p expression levels between the two groups(p=0.94). Interestingly, SMAD7 expression levels were significantly higher (5.8 fold) in SM-exposed individuals’ lung tissues compared with the control group(p=0.045).Our data indicate that exposure to sulfur mustard affects the expression of miR-21-5p as well as its target, SMAD7, in lung tissues many years after exposure. Considering the role of SMAD7 in the regulation of TGF-β signaling, these changes might point to a potential mechanism by which SM-exposure regulates inflammatory/fibrotic alterations in lung tissue.
Associations of Behavioral Disorders with Asthma in Iranian Children
Authors: Tajdini Mohammad , Effatpanah Mohammad , Zaki-Dizaji1 Majid , Movahedi Masoud , Parvaneh Nima , Shariat Mansoureh , Gharagozlou Mohammad
Published: June 2019

Asthma is a common respiratory disease with huge economic burden leading to activity limitations, morbidity, and mortality. In this study, we aim to investigate the prevalence of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Conduct Disorder (CD) among children with asthma.
This case-control study was performed in a pediatric referral health care center (Children's Medical Center in Tehran University of Medical Sciences) in 2017.With random selection, the 80 children with asthma and 92 controls with age range of 5 to 11 years were enrolled in this study. In addition to the demographic information and family history of allergy, asthma symptoms, and control quality evaluated with a validated Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT). The mode of measurement for ADHD, ODD and CD was based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV) psychiatric scales from clinical interviews conducted by child psychiatrists.
Totally, 42.5% and 25% in the case and control groups had ADHD respectively with significant difference (p=0.01). Also, 25% and 5.4% in the case and control groups had ODD respectively with significant difference (p=0.001). But conduct disorder was 10% and 10.9% in case and control groups respectively without significant difference (p=0.8).
Children with asthma were associated with exhibiting ADHD and ODD but not CD. Therefore, appropriate evaluation and treatment are needed for asthmatic children with attention-deficit and ODD symptoms. Besides, further research is needed to determine the etiological approach towards ADHD, ODD and asthma.
Comments on “Evaluation of Interleukin-21, 23 and 27 mRNA Expression and Protein Level in Liver Transplant Patients”
Authors: Soleimani Mohammad
Published: June 2019

The article's abstract is no available.
Digital Preservation for the Individuals
Authors: Zervos Spiros , Vraimaki Eftichia
Published: June 2019

Purpose - This is a concept paper highlighting the most important points pertaining to the development of a web service for the preservation of the digital assets of individuals.Design/methodology/approach - A commercial web service aimed at the general public for the preservation of their digital assets is outlined. It encompasses the ability to legitimately bequeath one’s digital assets to another individual in case of death or inability, and ensures the preservation and accessibility of the digital files and their metadata for a given (long) period of time, by applying the principles of digital preservation, as described by OAIS. The development and scientific challenges of this endeavor are also briefly discussed.Originality/value - The project responds to a real contemporary public need, and offers a service which will become highly relevant in the near future. The lacking of such a service will very soon be painfully felt by the public, with the mass loss and depreciation of their personal digital assets.
Greek Libraries Network Purpose, goals, vision. The audience development in libraries through educational programs for children
Authors: Mini Pamela
Published: June 2019

Purpose – Abstract: Purpose - In 2015 the National Library of Greece took over the Greek Libraries Network to support the efforts of academic, research, public, municipal and school libraries in the country to develop and advance the services they offer to the public. The main objective is to make this network a center of knowledge diffusion, networking and professional communication among its members as well as making libraries hubs of creativity for everyone. Design/methodology/approach - The existence of this network gives each member-library the ability to multiply its users, since the users of each library are members of the entire network. The actions of the Greek Libraries Network aim at audience development in the libraries, with a special focus on children, in order to create a new generation of readers.Findings - The proposed educational programs promote reading through specific themes and books. Through specially designed workshops children can experience the library as a space that offers innumerable opportunities for education and creativity. Originality/value - In this endeavor, the National Library of Greece stands shoulder to shoulder by visiting the natural spaces of each member-library of the Greek Libraries Network, heeding their needs and concerns, but also getting feedback and new ideas for the improvement of its services.
Sociology as a Vocation
Authors: Burawoy Michael
Published: June 2019

Max Weber’s famous essays “politics as a vocation” and “science as a vocation” leave open the question of what one might mean by “sociology as a vocation”. What might “sociology as a vocation” have meant for Weber? In today’s conditions what might we mean by “sociology as a vocation”? The answer will vary from place to place, but can there also be a common vision for sociology? Is there something distinctive about sociology as compared to economics and political science? Or should they all be dissolved into a single social science?
Urban identity making in Germany: the case of Bamberg
Authors: Eremenko Iuliia
Published: June 2019

Urban identity is one of the most important characteristics of the urban community and an understanding of the characteristics of its formation is necessary to determine urban development strategies. This paper seeks to examine the current situation concerning urban identity in Germany, a late capitalist society: has urban identity weaken or has it remained signifcant for people and can it even be used as a resource for new solidarities and intercultural dialogue? Within the framework of this article, the author identifes the main actors forming the urban identity in Bamberg and the factors that have had a major inﬂuence on this identity. Empirically, the study is based on a series of semi-structured interviews with experts in urban history, city development and placemaking from Bamberg: school teachers and supervisors involved in the adjustment of students, representatives of city administration, urban activists, and coordinators of UNESCO projects. The results of this work will help to contribute to the research feld about the phenomenon of preserving local identity in small cities. Thus, the scientifc relevance of this study is that the identifed factors can be further generalized onto other cases.
Social contract in the era of the 90s
Authors: Rozhdestvenskaya Elena
Published: June 2019

The article deals with the changing social contract in the era of the 90s. Combined several levels of analysis: reconstruction of the era of the 90s by methods of public opinion polls and a qualitative analysis of narratives about the era of the 90s, representatives of various social groups (workers, employees / civil servants, entrepreneurs). If public opinion polls the most important events of the era, which made up the historical memory of the generation who participated in the changes of Russian society, the narratives of the 90s contain a description
of the experience and reﬂection of social actors regarding the limits and possibilities of this era. The conceptual framework of the study describes the concept of a social contract as a balance of expectations between its performing individuals and social institutions. The social contract is operationalized as a set of action strategies that have been implemented by individuals and are the subject of their memories in the biographical interview mode. As a result of the study, a specifcation was made for representatives of the above-mentioned social groups of various social contracts that have undergone devaluation and changed during the 90s.
Removing Soviet: features of education of business people from the “teenagers of perestroika”
Authors: Abramov Roman
Published: June 2019

The period of the 1990s is relatively poorly studied and is in a situation of media and ideological stereotypes. This article is devoted to return the discourse of the “nineties” in the analytical channel. It is devoted to the analysis of biographical trajectories and the worldview of “teenagers of perestroika”, those who were 14–16 years old during the period of historical change in 1989–1991 with an emphasis on the transition to individualistic thinking and a focus on personal and business success. All participants in the qualitative research were graduates of the Penza school of young managers. This school was engaged in teaching knowledge and ideologies of a market economy, marketing and business of Soviet schoolchildren of the early 1990s. The article discusses the history of the Penza school of young managers, analyzes its curriculum and the concept of working with students in conjunction with the task of educating “business people” for the new Russia and the ideology of “carnegieism”. Special attention is paid to the reception by students of the school of young managers of Dale Carnegie’s ideas
and the ideology of “carnegieism”, who were in the center of the training programs not only of this, but of other schools of young managers of the early 1990s. The article has a reﬂection on the worldview evolution of students of the school of young managers under the inﬂuence of Carnegie’s works. Special attention is paid to reﬂections on the place of the “teenagers of perestroika” in modern Russia, taking into account the research of this group, in which it is called the “lost generation” or the “failed generation”. The article is based on empirical research materials — the study of thematic sources and interviews with students of the school of young managers in the early 1990s.
Project-based learning through edmodo: improving critical thinking and histology concepts
Authors: Permana Fendy Hardian , Chamisijatin Lise
Published: June 2019

The results of the observation showed that there were still many students in histology subjects who did not yet have critical thinking competencies and maximum histology concept. The purpose of this study was to find out how project-based learning through blended learning can develop critical thinking skills and student histology concept. This type of research is classroom action research. The sample of this study was students of class C histology class 2018/2019 as many as 35 students of Malang Muhammadiyah University. The research method is in the form of observation, interviews, and tests. The learning management system used in this research blended learning uses Edmodo. The results showed that there was a change in the improvement of critical thinking skills and student histology concept from cycle I to cycle II. Critical thinking skills in the cycle I showed that 23% were complete and 77% were non-complete, while the cycle II was 80% complete and 20% non-compete. Critical thinking skills from cycle I to cycle II increased by 57%. Histology concept in the cycle I found 69% complete and 31% non-complete, while the cycle II was 100% complete and 0% non-complete. Histology concept from cycle I to cycle II increased by 31%. Based on this, project-based learning through blended learning can develop critical thinking skills and student histology concept.
Urban Legends – American and/or Global Folklore
Authors: Kovačević Ivan
Published: June 2019

Development of modern technology, foremostly that of the internet, has made feasible an, up to now, unimaginable reciprocity in the field of anthropological research. If only the wealthy scientific communities were  be privy to a global research, while the rest of the world was deprived, the fast flow of information has made possible that each of its users be in the possession of relevant information for the study of, until now, unapproachable turfs, such as the US. Urban legends epitomize a paramount illustration of the possibility of examining American folklore from any world viewpoint, not least Serbia. That is possible for urban legends generated in America, are disseminated through the classic channels of globalization, and through the aforementioned World Wide Web.

The study of urban legends activates reflexivity of traditional anthropological subject- diffusion, in the shape of dissecting reception and evolution of pursuit of generating native urban legends. Such a stance is taken by the study of urban legends in Serbia.
Sewer Alligators: Urban Legends as Cognitive Maps
Authors: Hristić Ljubomir
Published: June 2019

Following the reports of sewer alligators in the 1930s, the story has built up over the decades and become a bona fide urban legend. These (reports) are based upon stories of alligator, and other wild animal sightings in rather unorthodox locations, particularly urban enclaves. Many have questioned the extent of truth in the original stories, suggesting it to be fiction and that certain creative minds may have contributed to the tales and its variations. However, the story of the 'Sewer Gator' in New York City is paradigmatic and various versions have been told. In the following text we will not question the validity of the myth itself, but atempt to deconstruct the legend proving it to be a series of cognitive maps.
Legends of Students’ “Clever Answers”: Criticism or Affirmation of the Educational System?
Authors: Baćević Jana
Published: June 2019

This paper represents an analysis of a group of urban legends from US universities, gathered from a number of web sites and in certain cases compared with corresponding analogies in Serbia. These legends concentrate around the motif of «clever answers», in which students use witty or otherwise unconventional means to solve problems or answer questions during exams or other forms of knowledge examination, and usually end up being rewarded for their creativity. The analysis of the formal structure of these legends, as well as their possible functions, indicates that, on the one hand, legends of «clever answers» can represent a form of criticism of the higher education system, but on the other actually aid its reproduction and reinforce its role in the social order. Finally, the implications of this interpretation are investigated in the context of contemporary global transformations of higher education.
Qualitative Field Research in Anthropology. An Overview of Basic Research Methodology
Authors: Žikić Bojan
Published: June 2019

Methodology of qualitative anthropology study is presented, as it was used in investigating HIV/HCV-vulnerability in Belgrade injecting drug users and sex workers, as well in documenting lives of people living with HIV. Fieldwork techniques, ethical considerations, and some wider contribution of research of this type to the health issues have been reviewed particularly.
Utilisation of Carnival Case of North-eastern Slovenia
Authors: Simonič Peter
Published: June 2019

Article/presentation focuses on two Carnivals, which can reveal socio-economic and cultural conditions and continuum of traditional culture. The first one is the most important Carnival in Slovenia named Kurentovanje in Ptuj. The second one takes place in Maribor, the capitol of the region of Štajerska. Article analyses these carnivals as an excellent cases of invented tradition trans­formed in the process of commercialisation and nationalisation.
About the Little Red Riding Hood, “Durex“and anger: Production, meaning and reception of one fairy tale and one commercial ad
Authors: Antonijević Dragana
Published: June 2019

By applying the semiological analysis, this paper considers planned and unplanned readings of a provocative domestic commercial, which, in order to convey its message, transposed the Little Red Riding Hood’s character in accordance with the advertised product – Durex condoms. This commercial caused furious reactions of parents who took legal action for breaching the Law on public advertising and, especially, „harming children’s sensibility and integrity“. Provocative billboards also caused numerous comments in the daily newspapers, in the Internet chat rooms, with some considering the commercial vulgar and offensive and others having no problem with it, adding that the ones who took offence belonged to those puritan and conservative layers of the society. In order to discover the reasons to this kind of reactions, I started with researching how the commercial was made and what kind of message it offered. Next, I reconsidered the meaning of the very fairy tale „The Red Riding Hood“. Its original version, which contains open sexual allusions, is quite different to the changed versions offered by Charles Perrault and the Grimm brothers. Their versions can be seen as fakelore, since they outrageously intervened on the plot and the meaning of the original fairy tale. However, since the Grimm brothers’ version is the most popular, it is a fact that our public reacted with such anger led by the meaning of their version, which accentuates overeating and cannibalism, and not sexual development of girls, which is the basic message of the original version. This is where the „communicational noise“ that led to those negative reactions came from. By discovering the true meaning of the tale, the answer is given to the question whether the advertising agency made a slip up, or it had actually found the right way to communicate the hidden message of the tale, and at the same time ruin the advertising campaign for which it was used. In the end, range and possibilities of the social semiological analysis of commercials are considered.
Reexamining the scheme „means-as-aims“
Authors: Simonović Dubravka , Milenković Miloš
Published: June 2019

In the study we explore the suggestion that one entire sub-disciplinary tradition within applied anthropology-action anthropology-used an entirely specific method „means-as aims“ derived from pragmatic logic of discovery and adapted to ethnographic research . Following the epigone of the interdisciplinary reflective methodology John Dewy, which, as its purpose had the aim of uniting the logic of scientific discovery, social criticism and pedagogic-activist oriented research, Sol Tax, had, intended to establish the tradition of action anthropology, which saw both its peak and ending in the illustrious The Fox Project. Our aim apart from the critical recapitulation of the methodology used in the Fox Project, logical-methodological analysis of Dewey’s logic of discovery applied to anthropology and reinterpretation of the general point of this episode from history, is to analyze the implications of this research option for future anthropologic research.
Informal political mobilization and the impatient nationalism at Kosovo and Metohija
Authors: Ribić Vladimir
Published: June 2019

Informal political mobilization is exercised when the political leaders cannot realize their goals in the existing political institutions and organizations, so they appeal to “spontaneously” expressed “authentic” will of the people. Even when they do not influence generating an informal political mobilization, political officials can use it to promote political attitudes and demands that were suppressed until then. From the mid 80s of the 20th century to the first decade of the 21st century, Serbian, i.e., Albanian nationalism in Kosovo and Metohija resorted to informal political mobilization after considering that its satisfactory articulation through official state institutions is impossible.
Opera and the Anthropologist: An Odd Couple?
Authors: Kotnik Vlado
Published: June 2019

The discussion starts with a mere statement of fact which also denotes the relationship between opera and anthropology: on one hand opera is a quite new and “exotic” topic for anthropologists, on the other anthropology is still perceived as a very strange and unusual approach to opera. The author establishes many reasons and endeavors which suggest that opera and anthropology no longer need to be alien to each other. If social or cultural anthropologists did not go to the opera very often in the past, this has certainly changed. The article thus introduces the work of six anthropologists whose personal and professional affinity for opera has been undoubtedly explicated in their academic and biographical account: Claude Lévi-Strauss, Michel Leiris, William O. Beeman, Denis Laborde, Paul Atkinson, and author’s opera research. The primary aim of this article is to show that anthropology can say something about the social and cultural phenomenon that throughout the last four hundred years significantly influenced and reflected the identity of Western culture.