bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
abordagem das Leis de Mendel numa perspectiva histórico-filosófica no Curso de Licenciatura em Educação do Campo
Authors: Kavalek Débora Schmitt , Muscardi Dalana Campos
Published: February 2021

O artigo propõe a inserção da história da ciência no ensino, numa perspectiva interdisciplinar, através de um trabalho com educandos do 8º período do curso de licenciatura em educação do campo, habilitação em ciências naturais. Numa roda de conversa perante uma abordagem epistemológica, as professoras orientaram para uma reflexão sobre as Leis de Mendel enquanto um paradigma amplamente presente no ensino de ciências. No decorrer da conversa, foi discutida a forma linear e dogmatizada que, muitas vezes a ciência é apresentada em seu ensino. Ressalta-se a validade da metodologia para a aprendizagem de conceitos científicos de forma significativa, crítica e ampla.
COVID-19 Pandemic: World Central Banks’ Reactions to Economic Downturn
Authors: Usoskin V.
Published: February 2021

Measures to mitigate the effects of the COVID 19 pandemic on households and businesses taken by Western governments in 2020 had serious negative consequences for the global economy. There was a widespread fall of production and trade, the closure of enterprises and stagnation of entire industries, sharp increase in unemployment, rise of uncertainty and risks. In an effort to slow the development of economic downturn the central banks and the Treasuries had taken wide range of monetary measures. Some of which were the continuation of the programs initiated during the period of global financial crisis of 2007–2009 and adapted to the current economic situation and the others represented new programs for the purchase of financial assets and granting credit facilities to enterprises and households. These actions, aimed primarily at the issue of additional quantities of money into the circulation, were distinguished by very large scale and high speed of decision-making. The author’s analysis led to a conclusion that the monetary policy during COVID 19 pandemic helped to stabilize financial markets, preserved the activities of a part of small and medium-sized enterprises and improved employment in the labor market. At the same time, massive “quantitative easing” operations increased the risk of financial instability and the likelihood of emerging of difficult-to-control inflationary spiral in Western economies. As to the achievement of strategic goals of monetary policy in the macroeconomic sphere, the success was much less noticeable due to the influence of many nonmonetary factors on the level of employment and the rate of economic growth.
Green Bonds: New Trends in the Global Market and Opportunities for Russian Economy
Authors: Kiseleva E.
Published: February 2021

Environmental finance has a reputation for delivering market-leading content based on honest and unbiased reporting, cutting-edge research and profound attention to detail. All of the above have placed it at the top of the rapidly growing green bond market. The paper argues that the green label earned with the usage of technologies that prevent environmental pollution or contribute to the stabilization of the environmental situation makes it much easier to obtain external financing on global market. The analysis of the global green bond market dynamics has revealed that almost 70% of the total amount of green bonds were issued in between 2017 and 2019. Based on the data systematization of various open sources the new trends in the global green bond market were identified. The primary trends among them include the growth in the number of smaller deals, the use of mixed funding, the extension of the labelled bonds in the market and the new climate bonds Taxonomy. The conducted analysis of green bonds issues in Russia has shown that the first issue took place in May 2019, although several major Russian companies have been making statements about their intentions to issue green bonds since 2015. The paper states the reasons for the «green» potential reduction as well as for Russia’s low involvement in the global green market. Those reasons mainly are products of immature legislative framework – poor development of regulation and legislation – and lack of its own green bond standards along with the required transparency, accuracy and integrity of disclosed information on issues to stakeholders. The creation of a sustainable development sector on Moscow stock exchange in 2019 provides to increase the issue of green bonds. Having analyzed the stated above the paper proves that the establishing of a unified green investment center linked to the Bank of Russia, as well as increasing transparency and openness of business, not only ensures the increase of green bonds issue in Russia but also contributes to overall environmental stability.
Terrorist Threats in Afghanistan and Pakistan: Cоmparative Analysis
Authors: Machitidze G.
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to analysis of terrorist threats in Afghanistan and Pakistan, identifies their similar external and essential characteristics. Afghanistan is remarkable for the highest level of terrorist threats. Drivers of terrorist activity are the Taliban insurgency, more than 20 radical Islamist groups affiliated with Al-Qaida and partly with ISIL. Relying on the Afghan Taliban cooperation, Al-Qaida tries to regain its position in Afghanistan. Radical groups, consisting of foreign terrorist fighters are active in eastern, north-eastern and northern provinces of Afghanistan. Strengthening of the radical groups in the northern part of Afghanistan is a potential threat to the states of Central Asia. It can encourage the dissemination of extremist ideology in the region. Despite heavy casualties, ISIL tries not to lean back in Afghanistan. Pakistan’s security is tied with the situation in Afghanistan. The terrorist elements operating in Af-Pak region always played a major role in destabilization of the country. The paper also highlights that increasing presence of militant groups in Pakistan contributed to the deepening of religious differences in Pakistani society. The presence of the supporters of Al-Qaida in the region also complicates the security situation in Pakistan. The author emphasizes existing trend of cultivation of extremist ideologies to get political support of conservative hardliners and to flirt with extremist groups in Pakistan’s ruling circles. In recent years Islamabad could decrease the level of terrorist threats in Pakistan by conducting major military operations.
TOTAL MIKROBA DAN AKSEPTABILITAS DAGING SAPI MARINASI PADA BERBAGAI LAMA PERENDAMAN GULA LONTAR CAIR (Borassus flabellifer) (Total Microbial and Acceptability of Marinated Beef at different Length of Immersion Time with Liquid Palm Sugar (Borassus flabellifer))
Authors: Bani Manasje Manoah , Putranto Wendry Setiyadi , Suradi Kusmajadi
Published: February 2021

In East Nusa Tenggara, liquid palm sugar has been long used as a marination material because this process can reduce beef water activity so that it can reduce the number of microbes. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of microbes (bacteria and yeasts) in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria and acceptability of beef which was marinated using liquid palm sugar. The experiment was conducted experimentally in a laboratory according to a completely randomized design with 5 treatments of immersion time, namely the immersion for 1 day, 3 days, 5 days, 7 days and 10 days and four replications for each treatment. The results of the study showed that the highest increase in the total plate count was observed for the immersion time of 5 days, following the quadratic equation of Y = 92.46 + 64.53X + -493.09X2 (R2= 0.57), the highest increase of lactic acid bacteria in beef was on 5-day immersion time following the quadratic equation of Y = 52.93 + 63.33X + - 477.15X2 (R2=0.79), and the increase in total yeast of beef over 5-day of immersion time followed the regression equation Y= 46.73 + 18.86X (R2= 0.82). The texture and overall acceptance of marinated beef are preferred for the 5-day immersion, while the color, taste, and flavor are not affected by the length of marination time up to 10 days of immersion.
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN PETERNAK AYAM BROILER PADA POLA KEMITRAAN YANG BERBEDA DI KECAMATAN PAYAKUMBUH TIMUR (Studi Kasus PT. Karya Semangat Mandiri (KSM) dan Poultry Shop Torang) (Analysis of Broiler Chicken Income in Different Partnership Patterns in East Payakumbuh District (Case Study of PT. Karya Semangat Mandiri (KSM) and Poultry Shop Torang))
Authors: Makmur Ali , Antoni Maryega , Arfa’i Arfa’i , Wati Rahmi
Published: February 2021

This study aimed to determine the partnership pattern and the income of broiler breeders partnering with PT. Karya Semangat Mandiri (KSM) and Torang Poultry Shop in East Payakumbuh District. The census method was used in this study through a survey method and direct observation in the field using a questionnaire involving 12 broiler breeders who partnered with PT. KSM and ten broiler breeders partnered with Torang Poultry Shop. Descriptive qualitative and quantitative analyses were used to analyze the data by observing the patterns and calculating the costs, income, and revenues. The results of the study indicated that the breeders partnered with PT. KSM adopted a plasma core partnership pattern with a written agreement, and the farmers were required to place a security deposit to the company. The farmer who partnered with Torang Poultry Shop used a profit-sharing pattern in which the benefits were equally shared. The agreement was not in written form, and the farmers did not provide a security deposit. The income of farmers partnered with PT. KSM was higher compared to income of the farmers partnered with the Torang Poultry Shop
Sosialisasi Potensi Integrasi Konsep Green Building (GB) Pada Kurikulum Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Bidang Bangunan
Authors: Sucipto Taufiq Lilo Adi
Published: February 2021

Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah: (1) Memberikan pemahaman tentang konsep GB pada para guru SMK Bangunan (2) Memberikan pemahaman tentang cara mengintegrasikan konsep GB pada Kurikulum SMK Bidang Bangunan (3) Menanamkan peduli terhadap lingkungan pada siswa melalui sektor bangunan (4) Meningkatkan kepedulian masyarakat terhadap bangunan ramah lingkungan. Metode yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaan program penerapan ipteks ini adalah sebagai berikut: (1) Merencanakan kegiatan sosialisasi (2) Pelaksanaan sosialisasi (3) Evaluasi sosialisasi dan (4) Merumuskan kegiatan tindak lanjut berdasarkan hasil evaluasi kegiatan sosialisasi Integrasi Konsep Green Building (GB) Pada Kurikulum Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Bidang Bangunan.
Resistensi kelompok samin terhadap modernitas revolusi industri 4.0
Authors: Feriandi Yoga Ardian , Malihah Elly , Maftuh Bunyamin
Published: February 2021

Revolusi industri ditandai dengan modernitas teknologi untuk membantu pekerjaan manusia, meski dunia telah diramaikan dengan konsep tersebut masih terdapat berbagai kelompok yang menolak atau resisten terhadap modernitas ala Revolusi Industri 4.0. Dengan segela upaya kelompok tersebut mencoba mempertahankan identitas kulturalnya dari hantaman perubahan zaman, salah satu kelompok masyarakat yang dikenal resisten dengan perubahan zaman adalah  Kelompok masyarakat Samin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan karakteristtik masyarakat samin dan mengungkapkan penyebab masyarakat samin resisten terhadap perubahan serta bagaimana penyelesaian konflik yang terjadi antara masyarakat samin yang pro dan resisten terhadap perubahan. Metode yang digunakan dalam peleitian ini adalah studi kasus dan pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengunakan instrumen wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian ini yakni masyarakat kelompok samin yang tinggal di Pati Jawa Tengah. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa masyarakat samin memiliki karakteristik utama yakni: Sederhana, jujur, Resisten terhadap kemodernan, dan cinta lingkungan. sedangkan alasan masyarakat samin resisten terhadap pembangunan modernitas terdiri dari beberapa faktor utama yakni faktor sosio kultural masyarakat samin, faktor Etika lingkungan, dan Faktor ekonomi.
Multimedia Interaktif dengan Penstimulasian Intelegensi Visual Spasial pada submateri Ikatan Kovalen
Authors: Ainyn Qurrota , Dwiningsih Kusumawati
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji kelayakan multimedia interaktif dengan penstimulasian intelegensi visual spasial dari segi validitas isi dan validitas konstruk. Penelitian ini mengacu pada model Penelitian dan Pengembangan (Research and Development) menurut model Sugiyono yang hanya dibatasi pada revisi desain. Hasil validitas isi diperoleh bahwa multimedia interaktif pada materi ikatan kovalen yang terdiri dari kesesuaian materi dengan kurikulum dan kesesuaian substansi materi pembelajaran memiliki persentase rata-rata validitas adalah 80,00% dengan kriteria valid. Validitas konstruk yang terdiri dari indikator media sebagai multimedia, keinteraktifan, kemampuan stimulasi kecerdasan visual spasial berturut-turut memiliki persentase validitas rata-rata 81,33%, 82,22%, dan 86,67%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa multimedia interaktif pada materi ikatan kovalen layak ditinjau dari aspek validitas
ANALISIS KINERJA OPERASIONAL TRANSJAKARTA KORIDOR GR 2 TANAH ABANG EXPLORER DALAM UPAYA PENINGKATAN PELAYANAN
Authors: Yusfita Chrisnawati  , Shabiah Nurhana
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini berjudul “Analisis Kinerja Operasional Transjakarta Koridor GR 2 Tanah Abang Explorer Dalam Upaya Peningkatan Pelayanan” bertujuan untuk menganalisa komponen atau indikator kinerja operasional dalam pengoperasian Tanah Abang Explorer sekaligus sebagai salah satu syarat kelulusan program studi Diploma III Manajemen Pelabuhan Universitas Negeri Jakarta. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisa Tugas Akhir ini adalah pendekatan data primer berupa survey di lapangan dan pendekatan data sekunde berupa data-data yang berkaitan dengan kinerja operasional terkait serta kepustakaan dan metode penelitian. Dari hasil data penelitian mengenai kinerja operasional transjakarta koridor GR 2 Tanah Abang Explorer dapat disimpulkan bahwa kinerja Tanah Abang Explorer sudah cukup baik dalam memberikan pelayanan kepada penumpang. Namun dengan headway yang kecil, kecepatan perjalanan dan waktu tempuh yang sesuai jadwal, pada jam sibuk Tanah Abang Explorer belum mampu mengangkut seluruh penumpang yang berada pada tempat pemberhentian yang disebabkan load factor lebih dari 70% sehingga penumpang tidak dilayani dengan baik. Dalam upaya mengatasi pemasalahan tersbut disarankan untuk memperkecil nilai headway dan menambah jumlah armada bus terutama pada jam sibuk. Semakin kecil nilai headway dan semakin besar jumlah bus, daya angkut busway akan makin tinggi dan waktu tunggu penumpang menjadi lebih kecil, sehingga dapat meningkatkan pelayanan Transjakarta Koridor GR 2 Tanah Abang Explorer.
ANALISIS ANTRIAN PADA PELAYANAN ALAT RTG DI LAPANGAN PENUMPUKAN TERMINAL BERLIAN (PT BERLIAN JASA TERMINAL INDONESIA)
Authors: Agus Triati Rachmah , Rahmayanti Henita
Published: February 2021

This final task report aims to determine the model of the container queue at the diamond Terminal, as well as the graduation requirement of the Jakarta State University management course. From the calculation results of the system performance of the queue in the field of stacking the diamond terminal shows that the busiest month occurred in May with the number of containers arrival as much as 8199 boxes and the arrival of the most deserted containers occurred in the month June with a number of containers as much as 5332 boxes. The probability calculation results are not contained in the system queuing occurring in February and may by 0%. It shows the busyness of the RTG tool reaches 100% and the percentage of the most small bustle of the RTG tool in April and June by 20% showing the most lonely conditions in the queue system in the field of diamond buildup. The high level of arrival of containers in addition to the complexity of the diamond buildup field that eventually exceeded the capacity limit of the RTG tool thus giving rise to an imbalance between the arrival rate and the service level of the diamond terminal.
ANALISIS PERHITUNGAN TARIF BIAYA PELABUHAN KAPAL NASIONAL DAN KAPAL ASING DI PELABUHAN TANJUNG PRIOK
Authors: Ladesi Vivian Karim , FITRIANA ANINDIYA
Published: February 2021

Pemilihan Tugas Akhir ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perhitungan tarif biaya pelabuhan kapal nasional dan kapal asing di Pelabuhan Tanjung Priok dan faktor faktor yang mempengaruhi perbandingan tarif biaya pelabuhan untuk kapal nasional dan kapal asing guna menjadi sebagai bahan evaluasi pihak pelabuhan dan menentukan tarif pelabuhan sehingga pelayanan jasa pelayanan menjadi lebih efisien dan ekonomis. Metode yang digunakan dalam penyusunan Tugas Akhir ini adalah metode kepustakaan, studi interview dan studi observasi lapangan. Tarif jasa kepelabuhanan harus ada keseimbangan antara besaran tarif dengan tingkat pelayanan yang diterima oleh pengguna jasa, meliputi keselamatan, keamanan, kelancaran dan kenyamanan. Dalam mendorong iklim investasi dan menciptakan tarif jasa kepelabuhanan yang efisien dan kompetitif perlu dilakukan penataan kembali jenis struktur, golongan dan mekanismen penetapan tarif jasa kepelabuhanan. faktor penyebab perbandingan tarif biaya pelabuhan yang menyebabkan tarif pelabuhan kapal asing lebih tinggi salah satunya ialah faktor pelayanan karena pelayanan di pelabuhan belum efisien sehingga untuk mendapat kepuasan pelanggan / pengguna jasa pelabuhan masih mengenakan tarif yang lebih besar untuk setiap kegiatannya.
IMPLEMENTASI KENAIKAN TARIF PROGRESIF PADA PETIKEMAS IMPOR DALAM UPAYA MENEKAN DWELLING TIME DI TERMINAL PETIKEMAS KOJA
Authors: Azizah Alisa Yuki , Verawati Kencana
Published: February 2021

Penulisan tugas akhir ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besaran rata-rata dwelling time di Terminal Petikemas Koja dari sebelum kenaikan tarif progresif dan sesudah dilakukannya kenaikan tarif progresif. Kegiatan penelitian tugas akhir ini dilakukan selama melaksanakan Praktik Kerja Lapangan di Terminal Petikemas Koja yang merupakan sebuah perusahaan dibidang jasa pelayanan bongkar muat petikemas. Perhitungan rata-rata dwelling time dalam penelitian ini tidak memasukkan data petikemas yang dipindahkan ke tempat penimbunan lain (overbrengen). Tingginya dwelling time menjadikan pelabuhan tidak sesuai dengan fungsinya. Dwelling time terdiri dari tiga komponen, yaitu pre-clearance, customs clearance, dan post-clearance. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi dwelling time berada pada importir karena dwelling time cenderung diatur oleh pengirim barang dalam mengeluarkan barangnya dari pelabuhan. Sehingga kualitas layanan bukan menjadi satu-satunya faktor yang mempengaruhi dwelling time, tetapi biaya penyimpanan barang dipelabuhan juga ikut berkontribusi. Kenaikan tarif progresif ini diharapkan dapat mengembalikan fungsi pelabuhan sebagai gerbang lalu lintas barang, bukan sebagai penyimpanan petikemas karena bisnis utama pelabuhan adalah mempercepat proses pelayanan bongkar muat. Kebijakan tersebut diharapkan juga dapat memberikan efek jera bagi pemilik barang impor untuk segera mengeluarkan barangnya dari kawasan lini satu pelabuhan.
PENANGANAN PENUMPUKAN PETI KEMAS IMPOR DAN PENGARUH TERHADAP YARD OCCUPANCY RATIO (YOR) IMPOR PADA TERMINAL PETIKEMAS KOJA, TANJUNG PRIOK.
Authors: Andara Destara Ratria Erni , Mulyono Tri
Published: February 2021

Kapasitas lapangan penumpukan salah satu faktor penting demi menunjang kelancaran penumpukan petikemas ekspor di lapangan impor yang disebabkan oleh tingginya YOR di lapangan ekspor. Untuk itu Terminal Petikemas Koja harus ikut berperan dalam menanggulangi permasalahan yang ada agar terciptanya kelancaran. Sebelum pelaksanaan kegiatan impor dilakukan, pihak perusahaan mempersiapkan lapangan penumpukannya yang terdiri dari: perencanaan dermaga, perencanaan bongkar petikemas dan perencanaan lapangan penumpukan. Dimana pada saat pelaksanaan, faktor yang sering menjadi hambatan dalam menangani petikemas impor yaitu, minimnya kegiatan overbrengen oleh pengelola perusahaan, barang yang terkena larangan impor dari instansi terkait serta proses delivery yang tidak bisa di ukur dalam pengambilan petikemasnya oleh pemilik barang. Hasil analisa dari Daily Report dan YOR harian pada bulan Desember 2019 dapat disimpulkan bahwa petikemas yang ditumpuk melebihi kapasitas yang ditentukan dan dapat dikatakan tidak optimal dalam memberikan pelayanan penanganan petikemas impor di TPK Koja. Adapun saran yaitu, mengatur jadwal kedatangan kapal tujuan yang akan sandar di TPK Koja, Perusahaan harus memberikan biaya penumpukan yang tinggi agar proses pengeluaran petikemas impor dari terminal semakin lancar dan akan menjadi optimal, diperlukan adanya penambahan kuota penumpukan untuk petikemas impor dengan menyewa lahan penumpukan kepada perusahaan lain.
Pengenalan Keanekaragaman Suku Agama Ras dan Antar Golongan (SARA) untuk Menumbuhkan Sikap Toleransi Pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Tabi'in A.
Published: February 2021

Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana sekolah RA mengenalkan keanekaragaman SARA dalam menumbuhkan sikap toleransi pada AUD di RA se Kota Pekalongan. Metode penelitian ini kualitatif deskriptif sehingga Peneliti mengkaji satu persatu data yang didapat dari RA Kota Pekalongan dan kemudian mendeskripsikan data tersebut secara sinergis sesuai yang ada di lapangan. Dalam menganalisis data, peneliti menggunakan model Miles dan Huberman selama berada di lapangan. Aktivitas dalam analisis data meliputi data reduction, data display, conclusion dan verification. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam mengenalkan keanekaragaman SARA dalam menumbuhkan sikap toleransi pada anak usia dini yaitu: a. Sekolah mengajarkan dan mengajak anak-anak untuk berkunjung ke tempat-tempat yang beragam mulai tempat ibadah, suku atau etnis yang ada disekitar sekolah, mengajak anak untuk berfikir kritis dan menanamkan nasionalisme dan karakter kebangsaan sejak dini melalui kegiatan belajar mengejar yang ada. b. peran pendidik sangat penting dalam mengenalkan sikap toleransi dengan bertindak sebagai fasilitator, motivator, demonstrator dan evaluator dalam kegiatan pembelajaran.
Consensualidade administrativa e relações funcionais: a abertura de espaços de diálogo na realidade brasileira em decorrência do princípio democrático e das Convenções nº 151 e nº 154 da OIT
Authors: Silva Clarissa Sampaio
Published: February 2021

Por meio do presente artigo pretende-se apresentar um panorama da consensualidade administrativa, ressaltando sua importância e apontado suas vertentes, para, em seguida, investigar a possibilidade de inserção da função pública brasileira em seus nos domínios, em especial para reconhecimento de espaços de negociação entre Administração pública e servidores submetidos a regime estatutário. A pesquisa considerou o tratamento conferido ao vínculo funcional pela Constituição de 1988 e sua concepção nos termos da jurisprudência do Supremo Tribunal Federal e da doutrina nacional para, a seguir, confrontar tais compreensões com o princípio democrático e com as disposições decorrentes das Convenções da OIT de nº 151 e nº 154, sobre negociação no setor público, devidamente incorporadas à ordem jurídica nacional. A conclusão é no sentido de necessidade de maior reconhecimento de espaços de diálogos entre Administração Pública e servidores públicos, bem como de flexibilização da unilateralidade na fixação das regras funcionais, observando-se, todavia, os procedimentos e instrumentos normativos próprios.
The Bibliography of Performing Arts Medicine: A Five-year Retrospective Review
Authors: Dawson William J
Published: February 2021

The author reviewed the bibliography of performing arts medicine, from the beginnings of the specialty in the early 1980s to the present. Emphasis was placed on articles published in the last five full years reviewed (1997-2001). From a total of 5,550 references dating back more than
200 years, 1,366 were found in the 1997-2001 period. Nearly 82% were written in English, with French- and German-language articles comprising more than 90% of the rest. Within the study group, there were 972 music medicine references (71.2%) and 301 for dance medicine (22.0%). Scientific journals
and books were the source of more than 70% of all articles found, with four performing arts medicine journals accounting for more than half of these. However, pertinent references were found in 279 different periodicals, as well as in a variety of textbooks. Of all arts-related periodicals,
those pertaining to voice were most likely to contain health-related articles. Variations from year to year in total number of references, sources of references, and frequency of specific topics could be attributed to publication of texts with multiple chapter authors, journals containing
multiple abstracts from a meeting, or journals with papers on a single topic derived from one symposium. It is expected that these statistics will continue to vary as new entries are added in future years. The data from this investigation should be useful to both researchers and clinicians
in performing arts medicine, regarding both the sources of pertinent information and the authors and topics currently being published.
Physical and Psychosocial Work-related Risk Factors Associated with Neck–Shoulder Discomfort in Male and Female Music Teachers
Authors: Fjellman-Wiklund Anncristine , Brulin Christine , Sundelin Gunnevi
Published: February 2021

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the relationship between individual, physical, and psychosocial aspects of the work environment and musculoskeletal discomfort in the neck-shoulder region, in male and female music teachers. A questionnaire was distributed by
mail that was based on the Standardised Nordic Questionnaire on work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) and the demand-control-support questionnaire on psychosocial work factors. The questionnaire included additional items on playing habits, weekly amount of performing and practice time,
physical exercise during leisure time, perceived general health, and physical workload. The study population consisted of all music teachers employed at all 23 municipality music schools in the northern region of Sweden. Out of 287 music teachers, 208 (72.5%) agreed to participate, 88 women
and 120 men. Multiple logistic regression analyses were used to examine the role of exposure factors in relation to the risk of discomfort in the neck-shoulder area. All analyses were performed separately for women and men, adjusting for age. Of the total number of participants, 82% reported
that they had experienced discomfort during the preceding 12 months. The female teachers reported significantly more symptoms in the neck (p = 0.02), the shoulders (p = 0.02), and the upper back (p = 0.00) compared with the male teachers. In the multiple logistic regression analyses, neck-shoulder
discomfort during the previous 7-day period was associated with both physical and psychosocial work factors. The risk association patterns were different between the female and male music teachers. The strongest risk factors for women were high psychological demands (OR 6.0, CI 1.1-32.4) and
teaching at many schools (OR 4.8, CI 1.0-24.4). For men, lifting (OR 8.7, CI 2.1-34.8), playing the guitar (OR 6.0, CI 1.5-23.6), and low social support (OR 3.1, CI 1.0-9.7) were the strongest risk factors.
Ventilation, Carbon Dioxide Drive, and Dyspnea Associated with French Horn Playing: A Pilot Study
Authors: Iltis Peter W
Published: February 2021

Ventilatory measures, end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) levels, breathing patterns, and subjective measures of dyspnea were evaluated in professional French horn players (two men and one woman) to describe respiratory function during playing. A French horn was equipped with a flow sensor
inserted into the bell to measure flow rates during playing and with a sampling tube at the mouthpiece to measure ETCO2 levels. Subjects performed three tasks: (1) maximal duration long tones on third space C at a dynamic level of p; (2) maximal duration long tones on third space C at a dynamic
level of f; and (3) an orchestral excerpt consisting of a prolonged, repeated, single note pattern. Trial times and ETCO2 levels were greater during task 1 than task 2, but ventilatory volumes and dyspnea ratings were similar. For task 3, a strong correlation between ETCO2 values and dyspnea
ratings and a strong inverse relationship between breathing frequency and ETCO2 levels were shown. These results suggest that ratings of dyspnea are affected by ETCO2 levels and that hypercapnia during certain types of playing may be prevented by more frequent small breaths.
A Qualitative Inquiry into Musical Performance Anxiety
Authors: Kirchner Joann Marie
Published: February 2021

This study examined the experience of performance anxiety in solo piano playing from the perspective of the participants. Research questions focusing on the following categories were addressed: (1) What does the experience of performance anxiety feel like to a solo pianist? (2) What
are the ways in which performance anxiety manifests itself? A qualitative methodology was employed in this study. Six pianists on the faculties of southwestern colleges and universities were chosen selectively for participation. A survey questionnaire and an individual interview were used
to collect data. The researcher analyzed the transcripts of the interviews, and codes were developed accordingly. The categories of research questions were used for the interpretation of the findings. The symptoms of performance anxiety manifested themselves through a combination of thought
processes, feelings, and physiologic responses, activated by the perception of a threat by the performer. Negative thoughts and feelings dominated the experience of musical performance anxiety and undermined the self-confidence level of the performer. The identity of the performer was affected
by how the individual viewed himself or herself and the individual’s perception of how others viewed him or her.
Drummers’ Dystonia
Authors: Lederman Richard J
Published: February 2021

Several reviews involving large numbers of instrumental musicians with focal dystonia from centers in the United States and Europe are available in the performing arts medicine literature, but only a relatively few percussionists have been included. This article describes 6 percussion
instrumentalists, out of a total of 139 musicians with dystonia, seen in the Cleveland Clinic Medical Center for Performing Artists. The five men and one woman ranged in age from 21 to 51 years at the onset of dystonia; four were playing professionally, and two were students. Duration of symptoms
at the time of evaluation ranged from 1 to 10 years, although five of six were seen 3 years or less after onset. Three were primarily classical percussionists, two played mainly jazz or rock, and one played country music. Two of the six were left-handed; dystonia affected the right arm in
three, the left in two, and the left more than the right in one. The nondominant limb was affected solely or predominantly in five of six. Dystonia affected primarily the forearm and wrist, rather than the digits, in contrast to most keyboard, string, and woodwind instrumentalists, presumably
reflecting the relative stresses of repetitive movements in this group. A variety of treatment modalities were used before and after evaluation. Of the three musicians still actively playing, one uses anticholinergic medication before each performance, one has restricted her playing to mallet
instruments, and one has had a favorable response to limb immobilization. Two others remain in music, teaching or conducting; one has been lost to follow-up.
Wrist Tightness and Pain in a Young Pianist
Authors: Meinke William B , Langendorf Frederick
Published: February 2021

A 28-year-old right-handed man—who holds Bachelor of Arts and Masters degrees and is now working toward a Doctorate in Music at a large midwestern university school of music—complains of increasing episodes of “tension” over the palmar surfaces of his wrists
while playing his principal instrument, the piano. Though the right hand is more affected, the sensation of “tightness” may occur in either wrist depending on the piece he is performing or practicing. He has learned through experience that if he attempts to “play through
the sensation,” it only increases to the point at which his wrists become painful and his fingers seem weak and far less dexterous than usual. On occasion, this has forced him to refrain from practice for several days at a time in order to recover.
Actividades acuáticas en educación, la actividad deportiva extraescolar y el nivel de actividad física deportiva
Authors: Manzano Sánchez David , Vivó López Guillermo , Valero-Valenzuela Alfonso
Published: February 2021

Antecedentes: La demanda de actividades deportivas acuáticas en los centros escolares y deportivos ha aumentado en los últimos años, en parte gracias a los beneficios que supone sobre la salud y el desarrollo motriz del estudiante.
Objetivos: El objetivo principal de este estudio fue determinar la relación existente entre las actividades acuáticas en clases de educación física, la actividad deportiva extraescolar y el nivel de actividad física deportiva en estudiantes de 5º y 6º de Educación Primaria.
Método: La muestra del estudio fue de 368 participantes pertenecientes a cuatro centros educativos de la Región de Murcia (España), dos de los cuales contaban con instalaciones acuáticas, mientras que los otros dos centros no disponían de este tipo de instalaciones. Se utilizó una batería de preguntas para conocer el tipo de actividad física deportiva extraescolar y el número de horas semanales dedicadas a dichas actividades.
Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que existían diferencias a nivel de actividades acuáticas extraescolares entre los centros con práctica acuática escolar y aquellos otros que no cuentan con dicha oferta académica y un tamaño del efecto moderado a favor de los estudiantes con instalaciones acuáticas respecto al nivel de actividad física deportiva y la realización de actividades extraescolares.
Conclusiones: Los estudiantes que practican actividades acuáticas en clases de educación física realizan más actividad física deportiva acuática extraescolar y tienden a ser más activos.
Palabras clave: Actividad física deportiva, ejercicio, salud, niños, estilo de vida.
Programas de ejercicio físico acuático para la prevención de caídas en los mayores. Una revisión bibliográfica
Authors: Lorenzo Olivares Alejandro , López González Emilio , Correoso Castellanos Álvaro , Pomares Bernabeu Amparo , Rengifo Mogro Jorge Luis , Fornés Pons , Jiménez Carmona Rubén , Marcos Pardo Pablo Jorge
Published: February 2021

Antecedentes: Los cambios fisiológicos del envejecimiento, aumentan el riesgo de caídas hasta en 10 veces en las personas mayores de 65 años. Los programas de ejercicio en el medio acuático podrían ser la alternativa a los realizados en tierra, minimizando este riesgo. Pocos estudios han evaluado el efecto del ejercicio acuático en el equilibrio en los mayores. Se manifiesta la necesidad de estudiar si mediante la realización de programas de ejercicio físicos en el medio acuático se podría reducir el riesgo de caídas.
Objetivos: Analizar la literatura científica sobre estudios realizados en el medio acuático y comprobar la eficacia en la mejora de los parámetros relacionados con el equilibrio y funcionalidad, y por tanto, el menor riesgo de caídas en las personas mayores, a través de la práctica de ejercicios.
Método: Se analizaron 18 artículos publicados en revistas científicas, buscados en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct y Social Abstracts bajo los tópicos de “elderly” AND “aquatic exercise”. Estos trabajos pasaron el filtro de selección, que consistía en eliminación de duplicados, existencia de ambos tópicos en el título, sólo participaban personas mayores y abarcaban el objetivo de este estudio y cuyo año de publicación superaban el 2008.
La población de estudio realizaba actividad física en el medio acuático, cuya edad era >65 años. Se tuvieron en cuenta los estudios de grupo único, pero también aquellos que formalizaron dos grupos, así como aquellos estudios que demostraban estadísticamente, mediante la utilización del programa informático (SPSS), la influencia positiva del entrenamiento en el medio acuático con la mejora del equilibrio o funcionalidad.
Resultados: El ejercicio en el medio acuático, aporta beneficios en la fuerza muscular, aumento de la capacidad cognitivo, aumento de la flexibildiad, mejora de la flexibilidad y equilibrio, pudiendo disminuir el riesgo de caídas en sus practicantes.
Conclusiones: El trabajo de equilibrio en el medio acuático disminuye el riesgo de caídas.
Palabras clave: ancianos, entrenamiento, entorno acuático, estabilidad, agua, comparación, caídas y ejercicio.
ATRIBUTOS FÍSICOS E QUÍMICOS DO SOLO E PRODUTIVIDADE DO MILHO EM DIFERENTES SISTEMAS DE SUCESSÃO CULTURAS
Authors: Wesley Havrelhuk  , Thiago Felipe Machado  , Marcos Nienkotter  , Savio Willian Schutz  , Rafael da Rosa Couto
Published: February 2021

O estado de Santa Catarina é destaque na produção agropecuária, desse modo, o consumo degrãos para produção de rações é muito grande. Contudo, o estado tem capacidade de realizarapenas uma safra anual devido a fatores climáticos o que acaba gerando uma produção abaixodo consumo. Na região do Alto Vale do Itajaí a maioria das propriedades são de pequenoporte, 10 à 30 hectares e, em sua maioria trabalham com agricultura convencional. Essaspropriedades utilizam arado, grade, subsolador praticamente todos os anos, o que acabacausando altas taxas de erosão, uma maior suscetibilidade a compactação do solo e tambémperdas de matéria orgânica. Na busca por sistemas agrícolas sustentáveis, práticasconvencionais de manejo que degradam os atributos edáficos têm sido questionadas. Portanto,faz-se necessário adotar sistemas de manejo do solo com bases conservacionistas que utilizamcobertura permanente do solo, e a sucessão ou rotação de culturas podem manter e, ou,melhorar esses atributos. Nesse sentido, o trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência domanejo do solo sob os atributos físicos e químicos do solo e na produtividade da soja. Aimplantação da área experimental foi feita no município de Agrolândia-SC, com ostratamentos de plantas de cobertura 1: Testemunha (manejo de solo realizado pelo próprioprodutor, arado, grade, subsolador), Tratamento 2: Pousio de inverno, Tratamento 3:Cobertura de trigo, Tratamento 4: Cobertura de centeio + ervilhaca e o Tratamento 5:Cobertura de aveia preta + nabo forrageiro. No verão, as plantas de cobertura foramdessecadas e realizada a semeadura da cultura de verão – soja. Foram analisados valores derendimento de grãos para soja, estes não tiveram diferença significativa após o primeiro anode implantação do sistema, além disso foi avaliada a produção de massa seca da cobertura deinverno, onde o pousio teve o menor aporte de massa seca. Os demais tratamentos nãoapresentaram diferença entre si. Além dos fatores já descritos foram coletadas amostrasquímicas e físicas de solo para a realização de um comparativo a longo prazo para pontoscomo resistência mecânica a penetração, porosidade do solo e fatores químicos.
CORRELAÇÃO ENTRE O ÍNDICE DE INFESTAÇÃO DE VARROA DESTRUCTOR EM CÉLULAS DE ZANGÃO E O ÍNDICE DE INFESTAÇÃO EM ABELHAS ADULTAS
Authors: Pedro Henrique Peterle Bernhardt  , Davi Seibert Beltrame  , Amanda Fonseca de Melo  , Mauricio Duarte Anastácio  , Miguelangelo Ziegler Arboitte
Published: February 2021

A Varroa destructor (Anderson & Trueman, 2000) é um ácaro considerado a principal praga que atacam as abelhas. Seu combate a nível mundial é realizado com utilização de acariciadas que podem ocasionar a contaminação nos produtos das abelhas. Como acaricidas sintéticos são proibidos no Brasil, os apicultores buscam alternativas como os óleos essenciais no controle da varroa, porém o custo levado desses produtos inviabiliza a sua utilização. Outra forma de combate a varroa é através do monitoramento da infestação nas colônias, aliada a utilização de técnicas mais ambientalmente corretas, como o controle de larvas de zangão, devido ao ciclo de desenvolvimento da varroa ser muito semelhante ao tempo de desenvolvimento do zangão. Das técnicas de monitoramento a mais utilizada entre os apicultores é a da captura de abelhas adultas aderidas aos quadros e quantificar o número de varroas observadas com o número de abelhas capturadas, como o desenvolvimento da varroa se dá nas células de zangão e essas podem ser retiradas sem prejudicar o desenvolvimento da colônia, este trabalho foi proposto em comparar os índices de varroa em abelhas adultas em comparação aos observados em células de zangão, realizando teste de correlação entre as metodologias, para observar a mais eficiente. As coletas foram realizadas mensalmente durante um período de 12 meses em quatro colônias de abelhas Apis mellifera L. pertencentes ao Instituto Federal Catarinense Campus Santa Rosa do Sul. O índice de infestação de varroa foi determinado após a coleta de amostras de abelhas adultas aderidas aos quadros de cada colônia com o auxílio de pote transparente, em que foi adicionado álcool 70% e água na proporção 1:3, e 1 ml de detergente neutro. Para o índice de varroa em células de zangão das mesmas colônias foram recolhidas amostras de células operculadas e não operculadas de zangão, e com o auxílio de pinças foram separadas as larvas das varroas. Após foram contadas as abelhas ou larvas de zangão e as varroas detreminando os índices de infestação em cada técnica. Foram realizadas análise descritiva dos dados e a análise de correlação de Spearman´s pelo programa PAST 4.03. Foram verificados os valores médios no índice de varroa em abelhas adultas de 2,62±0,54%, já nas células de zangão o valor médio observado foi de 31,70±8,16%. Ao analisar a correlação de Spearman´s entre as metodologias, ficouevidenciado baixa correlação não significativa (r=0,16; p=0,5585), tendo como melhor respostas a determinação de Varroa destructor nas células de zangão, devendo essa técnica ser adotada quando da disponibilidade de células de zangão na colônia.
SILAGENS DE TRIGO BRS PASTOREIO COM DIFERENTES DOSES DE INOCULANTE MICROBIANO
Authors: Mateus Mitterer Pernlochner  , João Henrique Ferrari  , Andressa Fernanda Campos  , Nicole Trevisani  , Isabela Fonseca  , Anderson Correa Gonçalves
Published: February 2021

A conservação de forragem na forma de silagem é uma técnica de intensificação da produção de ruminantes que visa a obtenção de alimento para a época de escassez de forragem. O trabalho objetivou avaliar diferentes doses de um inoculante microbiano comercial na silagem de trigo BRS Pastoreio. O trigo foi colhido e picado para elaboração de quatro unidades, de 250 kg cada, para a inoculação. Os tratamentos consistiram em doses de inoculante microbiano comercial: silagem de trigo BRS Pastoreio sem inoculante (controle); silagem de trigo BRS Pastoreio com 0,5g do inoculante/t; silagem de trigo BRS Pastoreio com 1,0g do inoculante/t e silagem de trigo BRS Pastoreio com 1,5g do inoculante/t, distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos e quatro repetições,totalizando 16 unidades experimentais. Foram avaliadas as concentrações de matéria seca (MS, %), pH e populações de bactérias ácido láticas (BAL, log10 ufc/g) e leveduras (LEV,log10 ufc/g) tanto na forragem, no momento da ensilagem quanto na abertura, realizada 105 dias de armazenamento anaeróbico, além da densidade (kg de massa verde/m³), produção de gás (PG, % de MS) e produção de efluente (PE, kg/t de massa verde ensilada). Não houve diferença significativa (P>0,05) na concentração de MS inicial das silagens. O pH inicial também não foi alterado (P>0,05). Nas avaliações iniciais, a população de BAL apresentou efeito quadrático (P=0,044). A concentração de inoculante aplicada no momento da ensilagem já demonstrou um ligeiro aumento nessa população, o que indica a funcionalidade doinoculante. Na abertura, observou efeito linear crescente para o valor de MS (P=0,031), demonstrando que o inoculante promove uma maior recuperação de MS final. O pH final também diminuiu com o aumento das doses, devido a maior taxa de fermentação e possível acúmulo de ácidos graxos voláteis de cadeia curta. Não foram observados efeitossignificativos para a densidade e produção de efluente (P>0,05), atingindo valores médios de 262,5 kg de massa verde/m³ e 16,5 kg/t de massa verde ensilada. Esse resultado ocorreu devido a concentração inicial de MS não ter diferenciado entre as silagens e com tamanho de partículas similares. Ocorreu um aumento quadrático (P=0,021) para a PG com o aumento da dose do inoculante microbiano. Como houve uma aceleração nas taxas fermentativas devidoao aumento da população microbiana inicial (inclusão do inoculante microbiano) deve ter acarretado também aumento na produção de gás. Com isso, conclui-se que o aumento na dose do inoculante microbiano comercial atua diretamente na fermentação da silagem, promovendo modificações no perfil microbiano da silagem, com melhoras na fermentação comparados ao não uso do mesmo. Doses entre 0,5 e 1,0 g de inoculante/t podem ser recomentadas.
A LITERATURA E A LEITURA LITERÁRIA NO ENSINO MÉDIO INTEGRADO E ENGENHARIAS NO IFC
Authors: Raquel Cardoso de Faria e Custódio  , Leticia Pereira  , Julia Alves Rackow  , Ana Paula Pereira Villela  , Rosana da Silva Cuba  , Maria Clara Rocha Malheiros
Published: February 2021

A literatura e a leitura literária são de extrema importância na formação integral dosdiscentes, docentes e cidadãos. Baseado nessa ideia, está sendo desenvolvido oprojeto de pesquisa “A Literatura e a Leitura Literária no Ensino Médio Integrado e nasEngenharias do Instituto Federal Catarinense”, cujo objetivo é coletar dados a fim detraçar um perfil de leitura literária dos discentes do IFC. Os dados apresentados naanálise de cada Campus estão sendo coletados por meio da aplicação de umquestionário com perguntas objetivas e dissertativas e serão utilizados nodesenvolvimento de estratégias de incentivo à leitura.
DOENÇAS EXÓTICAS E EMERGENTES EM ANIMAIS DOMÉSTICOS – UMA PLATAFORMA ONLINE EM CONSTRUÇÃO
Authors: Anderson Gris  , Marciana Anita Appel  , Rafael André Werlang  , Claiton Ismael Schwertz  , Luan Carlos Henker  , Lucas Henrique Bavaresco  , Manoela Marchezan Piva  , Eduardo Peres Neto  , Ricardo Evandro Mendes  , Teane Milagres Augusto Gomes
Published: February 2021

Doenças exóticas e emergentes são enfermidades pouco estudadas na graduação de Medicina Veterinária, devido a sua baixa ocorrência. Entretanto, o diagnóstico deve ser rápido para evitar a sua disseminação pelo país, mitigando, assim, os prejuízos econômicos consequentes. Este trabalho tem por objetivo difundir o conhecimento sobre doenças exóticas e emergentes através de uma plataforma online. Até o momento, foram traduzidas 95 doenças, das quais 40 já estão disponíveis em português. Com o trabalho, pretende-se promover o rápido reconhecimento de uma doença exótica ou emergente, com a instauração das medidas de emergência sanitária antes da disseminação da enfermidade no território nacional.
O ENSINO PÚBLICO DE MODA NO ESTADO DE SANTA CATARINA
Authors: Thaís Lima Silva  , Francisleth Pereira Battisti  , Robson da Silva Rodrigues
Published: February 2021

O artigo aborda o projeto de pesquisa em andamento no Instituto FederalCatarinense Campus Ibirama, cujo objetivo é analisar as características dos cursosde Moda nas Instituições de Ensino público no Estado de Santa Catarina tendo osProjetos Pedagógicos dos Cursos como corpus documental. A metodologia utilizadaé a pesquisa exploratória, quantitativa, qualitativa, bibliográfica e documental.