bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Change and Sector Distribution of Export-Derived Energy Consumption in China
Authors: Wang Di , Sun Guo Zhong , Jia Xu Guang
Published: October 2013

The dynamic change and pattern of export derived energy consumption during 2002-2010 in China was calculated and analyzed. The proportion of export derived energy consumption to total energy consumption of China showed a converted V pattern. The direct energy consumption from metallurgical and chemical industries accounts for a large proportion in the total direct energy consumption of china's export. Although the proportion of direct energy consumption from equipment industry is relatively small, its proportion of embodied energy consumption is high due to its long industry chain and high input of energy-intensive intermediate. In order to reduce the direct and embodied energy consumption from the export of equipment industry, modern technologies and effective management methods should be adopted to upgrade and enhance the total industry. Additionally, measures should be taken to reduce the energy consumption of its related up-stream's industries such as metallurgy and power industry.
Keywords. Embodied energy, export, dynamic change, sector distribution, China
Resource Consumption Accounting in Engineering Project
Authors: Li Dai Xu
Published: October 2013

Resource Consumption Accounting (RCA) is the theory innovation of management accounting. Taking the resources as the junction, It perfectly unifies Activity-Based Costing (ABC) and Grenzplankostenrechnung (GPK). The author will attempt to use the idea of RCA in project cost management in this thesis.
Primary Investigation of New Energy Industry's Development
Authors: Yu Yan
Published: October 2013

New energy industry is China's modern emerging industries. The development is both the effective supplementary means of its entire energy supply system, and the important measure of environmental management and ecological protection. It requires high technology, high investment rates, while has high risk. This article focuses on the analysis of China's new energy industry development, and puts forward several suggestions on the sustainable development of China's new energy.
Analysis and Countermeasures on Present Situation of Coal Resource Exhausted Cities Ecological Human Settlement in the Northeast Region of China
Authors: Hua Ying , Cheng Bo Song
Published: October 2013

The coal resource-based cities has now entered the depletion period due to the long uncontrolled exploitation. With the deterioration of the living environment, cities are facing the great challenges of economic restructuring. This article analyses the living environment status of coal urban in northeast of China in two aspects of the industrial building and civil construction, from environmental managing, ecological planning, industrial scaling, government functions, economic development and other several aspects to identify the factors that cause urban environmental pollution and ecological damage which affect the sound development of ecological living environment, sums strategies and controls measures which suit living environment’s sustainable development of coal resource city.
A Brief Analysis and Inspiration Regarding the Development Experience of New Emerging Industries Overseas
Authors: Lu Xiao Jun
Published: October 2013

Emerging industry has become a common choice of the multi-national facing financial crisis and achieving sustainable economic development. By summarizing and analizing the advanced experience of foreign emerging industries, we have learned successful experience for our country. As a refernce, the development of new emerging industries and policy making could be improved.
Research on External Environmental Factors Identification in Smart Grid Construction
Authors: Sun Yi Xin , Yuan Qing Dan
Published: October 2013

This paper took the power grid enterprise as the main perspective, analyzed the impact about external environmental factors of smart grid construction investment, sorted order of key external environmental factors by establishing recognition model based on experts scoring and TOPSIS, in order to provide theoretical and practical basis on making develop investment plans for grid companies, determining the smart grid development policies for government, and establishing appropriate mechanisms with external environmental factors.
Research on Renewable Energy and its Coordinated Development with Smart Grid
Authors: Wang Xiao Lu , Dai Hong Cai , Li Qiong Hui
Published: October 2013

The modern power systems are typically characterized with renewable energies and smart grids. Their development should be in a coordinated manner. According to the structuring parts of power industry, such as generation, transmission, distribution, consumption and dispatching, this paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation system for renewable energy and smart grid coordinate development in "3 levels, 4 parts, 15 targets; put forward a quantitative evaluation method for coordination level between renewable energies and smart grids in China, using analytic hierarchy process, calculate the coordination level in total and for each part. The paper also presents the key fields and priorities for coordinated development.
Principles and Strategies for Promoting Coordinated Development of Wind Power and Power Grids in China
Authors: Wang Qian Kun , Jiang Li Ping
Published: October 2013

Based on an analysis of the misunderstanding and problems concerning wind power development, this paper summarizes the experiences of coordinated development of wind power and power grids in typical countries, proposes the principles and strategies for the coordinated development of wind power and power grids in China. Technically, bidirectional friendly technologies should be deployed to ensure the security of power system. In regulatory term, a complete and standardized regulatory strategy is key to harmonious interaction among different stakeholders concerning wind development. Incentive policies should be comprehensive, foreseeable and sustainable. Related measures and suggestions for large scale development of wind power in China are put forward.
Prediction for Algae Removal Efficiencies of Porous Ceramic Filter on Ballast Water Treatment
Authors: Zhang Man Xia , Ma Yan , Yuan Cheng Yu , Zhu Yi Min
Published: October 2013

In light of urgent requirement of onboard ballast water treatment, this paper presents a laboratory study of an application of a novel wall-flow structure porous ceramic filter (PCF), with employment of UV light. It has been found that, for onboard treatment, the operational conditions may significantly affect the filter performance. To obtain optimal operational conditions and high filtration efficiencies on plankton, PCF was studied systematically though computational prediction and mathematical analysis. According to the strict criteria of International Maritime Organization (IMO) on ballast water treatment, high density of indicator algae were mixed into simulated ballast water as processing targets, and nearly 100% removal efficiencies are expected. Flow rate, algal density and algal size were chosen as three key operational conditions, was investigated on a 6L PCF. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to evaluate the significance of the three factors on the response values of algae removal efficiencies.
Risk Perception on Nuclear Energy Safety among Chinese University Students
Authors: Zhang Hui , Luo Ling Ling , Wu Tao
Published: October 2013

This paper aims to evaluate the university students’ perception towards nuclear energy safety in China. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 300 students who came from Northeastern University and Shenyang Jianzhu University during the period from October ,2011 to May, 2012.The results of the questionnaire survey show that the students’ concerns are not only related to their general risk perception and attitudes to nuclear energy, but also strongly related to the comparison of gender differences of risk perception and attitude on nuclear energy safety between study majors. Therefore, the results of this study provide useful information for risk management and implications of future nuclear energy policy for Chinese governments.
Research on Tiered Tap Electricity Price
Authors: Zhang Xin , Huang Qin Zhen
Published: October 2013

Under the condition of global energy crisis and environmental degradation, the electric power industry which supports the development of economy and society is facing unprecedented challenges and opportunities. There is no doubt that we should save energy and decrease the emission. A method is proposed in this paper to determine the electricity price and consumption based on the early warning mechanism and the penalty function. Firstly, the analysis of the tiered tap electricity price without any constraints based on probability is introduced. Then, we take the early warning mechanism into consideration so that the consumers can be aware of the electricity consumption clearly and modify their electricity consumption according to their own economic conditions. Thirdly, we add tier tap price with the penalty function, which makes the electricity price become a variate and more useful to encourage consumers to save energy. Finally, we give an example to illustrate the effectiveness of the models built in this paper.
Application of SCE-UA Approach to Economic Load Dispatch of Hydrothermal Generation System
Authors: Dong Jia Rui , Zheng Chui Yong , Kan Guang Yuan , Li Zhi Jia , Zhao Min
Published: October 2013

The practical hydrothermal system is highly complex and possesses nonlinear relationship of the problem variables, cascading nature of hydraulic network and water transport delay, which make the problem of finding global optimum difficult using standard optimization methods. This paper presents a new approach to the solution of optimal power generation to short-term hydrothermal scheduling problem, using shuffled complex evolution (SCE-UA) method. The proposed method introduces the new concept of competitive evolution and complex shuffling, which ensure that the information on the parameter space gained by each of individual complexes is shared throughout the entire population. This conducts an efficient search of the parameter space. In this study, the hydrothermal scheduling is formulated as an objective problem that maximizes the social welfare. Penalty function is proposed to handle the equality, inequality constraints especially active power balance constraint and ramp rate constraints. The simulation results reveal that SCE-UA effectively overcomes the premature phenomenon and improves the global convergence and optimization searching capability. It is a relatively consistent, effective and efficient optimization method in solving the short-term hydrothermal scheduling problem.
Grey Correlation Model Based on Diatom Indices Evaluating Water Quality of Longjiang River
Authors: Tang Xin , Cai De Suo , Yao Wen Ting
Published: October 2013

In order to evaluate the water quality of Longjiang river comprehensively, diatoms of 15 sampling sites are collected to establish the Grey Relational Model based on three diatom indexesIPS, IBD and IDG. From the Cluster analysis of sampling sites and the box plot of diatom index, IBD is the best, then the IPS, the diatom index weights on water quality assessment are 0.637 for IBD, 0.2583 for IPS, 0.1074 for IDG respectively. Finally, by comparing the water quality standard level based on Grey Relational Model, it can be known that the water quality of most sampling sites is fine except that site No.1 and No.3 belong to III water quality standard. The result shows that it is more comprehensive and reasonable to use the Grey Relational Model based on diatom index rather than individual diatom index to assess water quality.
The Research on the Potential of Energy Saving and Emission Reduction in Hospitality
Authors: Huang Qi , Kang Jian Cheng , Huang Chen Hao
Published: October 2013

Hospitality industry in China has undergone a breath-taking development in recent years. However, it is burdened both by tremendous energy consumption and the responsibility of environmental protection. The paper is trying to find out the potential in the energy saving and emission reduction. Energy consumption data, in the recent five years, are collected from more than 20 hotels in Shanghai and other eastern China regions. Through the energy conversion factor matrix, these energy consumption factors can be converted into Tce value. Though the analysis of the Tce value, the paper provides a key solution to the problem at hand and possible ways of realizing the goal of establishing basis of carbon emission assessment modeling and cumulative comprehensive energy consumption database suitable for this industry, in the hope of establishing a foundation for future study of carbon footprint of the hospitality industry and its technical proposal for energy saving.
The Evaluation for Ecological Environment and Regional Economy Coordination Development of China
Authors: Zhang Zhen Hua , Ding Yao , Liang Lei
Published: October 2013

This paper used the Factor analysis and the Coordination measurement method to calculate and compare the year of 2011 provincial cross-section data of Chinas regional economy and ecological environment, thinks that the ecological environment and the coordinated development of regional economy in our country is still in the initial stage at present. The development of every region throughout the country exist differences. At last, some related suggestions about the ecological environment and the coordinated development of regional economic were put forward.
The Decision Analysis and Strategy for Reuse of Waste Materials Based on Game Theory under Asymmetry Information
Authors: Qian Li , Du Jian Guo , Jin Shuai
Published: October 2013

In order to explore the waste reuse problem, we establish waste reuse model composed of manufacturer1 which is a waste supplier and manufacturer 2 which is a waste buyer, when the information of recycling cost is symmetry and asymmetry. The paper gives the output and price strategy of main product under different conditions. The result shows manufacturer1 runs more risk when information of recycling cost is asymmetry. Therefore manufacturer1 needs to prevent risk associated with asymmetric information. This paper further gives manufacturer1’s cost sharing contract which reduces manufacturer1’s risk and increase profits.
The Comprehensive Evaluation and Management of Input-Output of Clean Production in Automobile Enterprises under Low Carbon Economy
Authors: Liu Xiu Rong
Published: October 2013

Low-carbon economy is based on low energy consumption, low pollution, low emission economic model . Through clean production, automobile enterprises start from the source to improve resource and energy efficiency, reduce emissions, increase the utilization of waste and ultimately to conserve resources and protect the environment. Therefore, Through the analysis of input and output factors of clean production on automobile enterprises, this paper constructed input and output index comprehensive evaluation system of the clean production under low-carbon economy and through comprehensive evaluation, automobile enterprises implement effective management, and it can achieve the economic,social and environmental benefits of clean production.
An Investigation into Green Logistics and Packaging Design
Authors: Ouyang Chao Ying , Nie Xiao Li
Published: October 2013

Some packaging used in current domestic market has caused not only certain environmental pollution, but also waste of resources. The green logistics and packaging proposed recently can protect the environment and curb wasting of resources. Additionally, it can improve international competiveness of goods and facilitate the sustainable and harmonious development of economy and environment. However, the overall execution of green logistics and packaging policies is hindered by Chinese consumer's lack in the knowledge of green logistics and packaging, the unsound legal system related, absence of technical talents in the area, shortage of green packaging supply and other factors. Therefore, this discussion is conducted on the influential factors of green packaging, green packaging structure, and green packaging design by enterprises and government, influences of green logistics, consumers' consuming awareness and behaviors, and other aspects, to study the nationwide practice of green logistics and packaging policy for its practice and development.
Research on Method of Recycling Abandoned Automotive Materials
Authors: Song Xue Min , Liu Xian Dong
Published: October 2013

In recent years, the number of End-of-Life Vehicle has increased dramatically, the prevention and control pollution and resource recycling become increasingly serious. The paper analyzes the scrapped automobiles recycling methods in metal materials, non-metallic materials, such as plastic, rubber, glass, specially, propose the new composite materials recycling method. Through these materials recycling method, provide references for the scrap automobile materials recycling in our country.
A Reflection on the Influence of “Green Design” to Lifestyle
Authors: Zhang Yuan , Wang Yan Zhen
Published: October 2013

Advocating of green design is particularly important in today which ecological problem has become increasingly prominent. This article from the analysis on materials and design methods, in order to investigate the influence of green design on people's way of life. And further discusses important role of green design at present based on the design examples.
Research on the Cultivation of College Students by Environmental Protection Volunteerism - Take Sichuan Agricultural University as an Example
Authors: Zhang Zhe
Published: October 2013

At present, environmental protection volunteerism has been an important way to develop social practice activity in colleges and universities. As an agricultural university, Sichuan Agricultural University has developed environmental protection volunteerism with abundant contents for students. The volunteerism is professional, sustainable and popular. It has a positive effect on the comprehensive quality of college students, the effectiveness of the education in ideology and politics for college students and the construction of campus culture.
Performance of SIDMBR for Emulsified Oil Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Han Zhi Yong , Su Si , Lu Yan , Du Wang Bing
Published: October 2013

The Sequencing Inclined Dynamic Membrane Biological Reactor (SIDMBR) was investigated on a pilot scale for 60 days of emulsified oil wastewater treatment at zero excess sludge discharge. Results indicate that at hydraulic retention time of 24 h, the average removals of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen and oil are 66.83, 64.2 and 70.8% in 1~60 days, respectively. The membrane flux, biofilm quantity, and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) content begin to change after 20th, which indicate that membrane fouling has occurred.
The Kinetic Difference of Denitrification and Sulfate Reduction Conducted by Anaerobic Microbes
Authors: Zhang Zhao Han , Liu Guang Min , Feng Yu Jie , Zhan Pei Rong
Published: October 2013

For investigating the competitive ability of denitrifying bacteria and sulfate reducing bacteria on the substrate in the anaerobic environment, denitrification and sulfate reduction experiments were conducted under the conditions of different carbon content and different nitrate/sulfate ratio, and the kinetic difference of denitrification and sulfate reduction was also analyzed. The experimental results showed that denitrification could essentially be completed in 7~9 h at the same condition of carbon source content, but sulfate reduction was completed after 12 h. Denitrification rate constant of the microbes was over one time larger than that of sulfate reduction. When the carbon source was enough (C/N ratio and C/S ratio more than 3), denitrification efficiencies all surpassed 98%, while that of sulfate reduction only reached 84%. Under the same condition, the nitrate reduction ability of microbes was stronger than that of sulfate reduction, and the process of nitrate reduction had much more superiority.
Regeneration of P-Saturated Substrates in Constructed Wetland
Authors: He Shan , Bai Shao Yuan , Song Zhi Xin
Published: October 2013

Phosphorus removal by substrates in constructed wetland has been widely accepted as the most important way. However, as the substrates of constructed wetland will be saturated with phosphorus adsorption after the long-term treatment of sewage, the effect of phosphorus removal and adsorption by substrates is limited. To improve phosphorus retention ability of substrates and extend the lifetime of full-scale constructed wetland system, this paper systematically summarized the researches of P-saturated substrates regeneration in constructed wetland. And the concern with future research directions encompasses several major topics were also prospected in this paper.
Spectrometric Characteristic of Superficial Chlorella Sp. Grown in Photo-Bioreactor under Different Flow Rates
Authors: Hsu Yi Chyun , Ho Hsiao Jung , Kao Chih Ming , Chen Jen Jeng , Chiu Chun Yen , Lai Wen Liang
Published: October 2013

In this study, photo-bioreactor designed with 4 L of volume to cultivate Chlorella sp. was conducted for comparing the differences of biomass increase among three gas flow rates. All experiments were controlled at light reaction of 12 hrs. with 1,700 lux. The organic fluorescence of algae, expressed in excitation emission fluorescent matrix (EEFM), was obtained from algal solution deducted from EEFM of the filtrate obtained from the filtration of algal solution using 0.2 μm membrane filter. Also, the surface charge and functional group for Chlorella sp. were respectively measured by zeta meter and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Biomass was measured by absorbance wavelength of 683 nm or dried biomass. Current results reveal that high flow rate produced more biomass than low flow rate did. Regarding to the fluorescent characteristic derived from Chlorella sp., two peaks were appeared in both wavelengths of excitation and Emission (EX/EM) respectively located at 280/330 nm (protein-like) and 440-480/680 nm (pigment). For the variation of autofluorescent intensities during algal incubation, algal image captured by epofluorescent microscope equipped with CCD (Charge-Coupled Device) could be further dealt using image software, showing that there were divergences of fluorescent intensities derived from varied amount of protein-like substance or pigment. Functional group of Chlorella sp. analyzed by FTIR, hydroxyl, peptidic bond, carboxylic acids and polysaccharide were existed with variations of transmittance (%) while gas flow rate was changed.
Underwater Spatial Distribution of UVC Radiant Intensity in Different Water Environment for Ballast Water Treatment
Authors: Zhang Man Xia , Liu Ya Long , Yuan Cheng Yu , Zhu Yi Min
Published: October 2013

UV radiation, as an effective method for bacteria inactivation, has been applied popularly on ballast water treatment. However, the inactivation efficiencies of UV radiation greatly depend on the UV intensity which distributed unevenly in water and can be deeply affected by the suspending particles in water. For better understanding of the spatial distribution of UV radiation, a 16W UVC lamp was measured underwater to detect the radiant intensity over horizontal and vertical distance. The distribution tendency of UV radiant intensity was probed behind large amounts of experimental data. In addition, four types of different water including tap water, clean seawater, seawater mixed with suspending substances (SS), and seawater mixed with typical algae, were studied to identity the influence of water environment on UV transmission. The impacting significances were compared among different water quality, to optimize the ballast water treatment methods combining with UV radiation.
Flue Gas Denitrification Programming Model for Coal-Fired Generating Units Based on Total Emission Control Policies of NOx in China
Authors: Li Yu , Li Chao Ci , Wen Jing Ya
Published: October 2013

Because of the large-scale emission of nitrous oxides (NOx) in recent years, acid rain is still one of the major air pollution problems in China, although SO2 has been well controlled. And then, the goals for the total emission control of NOx begin to move forward in the 12th five-year plan, which requires a 10% cut in national NOx emissions by 2015, relative to the 2010 level, and NOx emission reduction of coal-fired power plants are still put in a strategic position. Accordingly, it’s of great significance to carry out flue gas denitrification work around the power industry with purposes and plans. In this study, a mixed 0-1 integer nonlinear flue gas denitrification programming model for power system is developed for the first time, which can be used for planning the initial time put into operation of SCR facilities in a region and optimize the allocation of NOx emission reduction balance, which is significant for generation expansion planning. The model is applied to the power system in Heilongjiang province and the results indicate that the proposed model not only can meet the requirement of flue gas denitrification management, but also can help the coal-fired power plants clear the economic impact of NOx emission reduction on self-development. This study can provide reference for the decision support of NOx emission reduction and generation expansion in power industry.
Research Progress of Biochar, Pyroligneous Acid and Organic Fertilizer Mixture and its Components in Agricultural Production
Authors: Yang Xue Jun , Lin Zhen Kun , Chen Jie , Wu Jun Hui , Si Hui Ping , Lin Kai Yan
Published: October 2013

With the growing amount of the chemical fertilizer consumption and agricultural wastes, non-point pollution of agriculture has been one of the problems threatening world crop production, especially considering the urgency of climate change. In this paper, a review of the research of biochar, pyroligneous acid and organic fertilizer mixture is given. And agronomic and environmental benefits that can potentially be derived from the application of this soil amendment in soils are discussed.
Experimental Study on Hydrothermal Treatment of Municipal Sewage Sludge
Authors: Qian Li Li , Wang Shu Zhong , Tang Xing Ying
Published: October 2013

Wastewater treatment plants produced large amounts of municipal dewatered sewage sludge with about 80wt% moisture content. High moisture content is the bottleneck of sludge treatment and disposal. Hydrothermal treatment could economically disrupt sludge cells, release bound water and finally improve sludge dewaterability instead of thermal drying technology with high energy consumption. In this paper, hydrothermal treatment experiments were carried out and the combustion performance of the original sewage sludge and the hydrothermal treatment sewage sludge was analyzed to verify the possibility of burning after sludge hydrothermal treatment. The results show that the optimal reaction temperature, initial moisture content, pressure and time are 170°C, 87wt%, 0.9MPa and 40min, respectively, obtaining a final moisture content lower than 50wt% by centrifugation. Total Organic Carbon (TOC) results show that higher temperature and pressure, as well as longer reaction time are of benefit to the hydrothermal treatment of the municipal sewage sludge. Furthermore, Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) of the original sewage sludge and the hydrothermal treatment sewage sludge shows that a hydrothermal treatment can improve the combustion performance of the sludge, which is beneficial to the subsequent incineration process.
The Study of Qingdao’s Home Appliance Recycling Management System
Authors: Ma Shun Shun , Chen Ya Ping
Published: October 2013

With the problem of shortage of resources and environmental degradation increasingly, to establish a recyclingoriented sustainable development of society or a reasonable treatment of waste household appliances is necessary. It has become a worldwide consensus and issues of mutual interests. This paper,based on the status of home appliance recycling , focuses on the Qingdao Municipal waste home appliances recycling system. This paper combines the theoretical knowledge about waste home appliances recycling in the domestic and abroad studies to study recycling enterprises in Qingdao in recent years. The implementation of waste electrical and electronic products reverse logistics exploration, based on the reality of Qingdao , waste home appliances recycling, foreign experience, comprehensive analysis and research, to study Qingdao's home appliance recycling management system, and put forward recommendations for the rationalization to improve the efficiency of home appliances recycling management system.
Review of Long-Term Deformation of Recycled Coarse and Fine Aggregate Concrete
Authors: Luo Jun Li , Xu Zhi Sheng , Zhao Di
Published: October 2013

Due to long test cycle, high cost and the complex factors, the long-term deformation properties (such as creep and shrinkage) of recycled aggregate concrete (short for RAC) are rarely reported so far. However this property is essential to fully understanding and widely applying the RAC. Base on investigation on plenty of research results of the long-term deformation of RAC, this paper systematically analyzed the effect of recycled coarse aggregate (C-RA) and recycled fine aggregate (F-RA) on creep and shrinkage performance of concrete. The analysis shows that not only the replacement proportion but also the quality level of recycle aggregate (RA) affect the shrinkage and creep properties of RAC. This outcome could serve as a basis for further research.
Process and Kinetics Study on the Acrylic Acid from Industrial Spent Acid by Complexometric Extractant
Authors: Dong Hui Shuan , Wei Qi Feng , Ren Xiu Lian , Ju Hui
Published: October 2013

A new solvent extraction method recycling the acrylic acid (AA) from industrial waste fluid for producing acrylic acid was studied. The influencing factors of the species of diluents, concentration of extractant and temperature were investigated. The optimal process conditions were chosen that the 1-octanol as diluents, the concentration of tri-n-octylamine (TOA) 0.87mol/L, reaction temperature 298K after a series of experiments and analysis. The kinetics of extraction was studied by Lewis cell, the rate equation of extraction could be expressed as: RA=8.8×10-2[AA]1.5[TOA]2.1.
Testing Study on the Influence Factors to the Straw Pellet Fuel Broken Strength
Authors: Gao Wei , Zhao Rong Fei , Liu Qing Yu , Bai Xu Wei
Published: October 2013

This paper take link mold pellet pelletizer to carry on the pellet fuel manufacture experiment with corn straw stalk. The influence of moisture content, material size and fermentation time impact on broken strength is studied by single factor experiment. Through quadratic regression orthogonal rotating combination experiment, establish mathematics equation of the factors and the straw pellet fuel broken strength and analyze the important degree of each experimental factor impact on the granulation rate. Through the optimized computation, definite optimization parameter of the highest broken strength is that raw material moisture content is 20%, fermentation time is 4h and particle size is 2.5mm. The result of verifying experiment indicat that the optimal parameter combination and the predict data measured were consistent.
The Impact Analysis of Subsidence on Vegetation Growth in Songzao Mining
Authors: Gu Gang , Wang Ai Guo , Hu Chen Cheng , Liang Hai Chao
Published: October 2013

In this paper, to gradually comprehensive analyze the impact of coal exploration to vegetation growth, Chongqing Songzao Mining was selected as the study area, vegetation index changes of the past decade were analyzed from a macro perspective using three remote sensing data, and then species composition and community structure of different times collapse area was analyzed using microscopic samples investigate. This paper argues that Songzao Mining exploitation of coal resources affected the local forest and grassland vegetation, but not on a wide range of forest and grassland ecosystems adversely affected, the area of forest and grassland ecosystems can carry local failure, and through the self-healing approach ultimately make forest grass ecosystem to stabilize.
Corrosion of 304L Stainless Steel Tube in Power Plant Condenser
Authors: Liang Lei , Pan Yi Qiong , Zhang Jian Liang , Liu Shi Hong , Lin Jian Zhen
Published: October 2013

Before being put to use, a new condenser of 600 MW unit was found corrosion leakage of a large number of 304L stainless steel tubes during the water leakage test. Through field investigation, sampling, chemical composition and mechanical properties test, metallographic analysis, corrosion area surface morphology and micro area component analysis, corrosion reasons were analyzed. The main reason for corrosion is improper installation. Stainless steel tubes were polluted by rain, soil, welding slag during the installation process. Carbon steel members cut the tubes when wore tubes, and was placed in such condition for a too long time. Moreover, the electric current occurred in repair welding with water may accelerate pitting holes.
A Tentative Study on Ecological Tourist Resources and Environment Protection
Authors: Zhang Pei , Ge Ping
Published: October 2013

Eco-tourism is more and more popular in recent years. Establishing tourism environment detection system, listed the variety factors and indicators that easily make influence on the environment, such as: vegetation, animals, water, air, and so on. Through detect the indicators and the negative impacts timely on tourism environment from tourism activities and non-tourism activities, making the right analysis and appropriate treatment. On this basis, summed up the protection measures of water resources, atmospheric environment, geomorphology environment, soil environment, sound environment and forest resources. Eco-tourism should adopt low-carbon buildings, low-carbon diets, low-carbon traffic, low carbon garbage, low-carbon energy and other low-carbon operation and management mode. Protecting the ecological environment and resources are not infringed, maintain the sustainable development of eco-tourism.
The Significance of Ecological Methodology of Affordance-Based Design
Authors: Luo Ling Ling , Wang Xiao Hang
Published: October 2013

A variety of research approaches have emerged after the concept of Gibson's affordance was introduced in design field, for example, the relationship approach in design research and the approach of cognitive science research after Norman. The significance of affordance-based design for methodology forming ecological design theory is discussed in this article. The significances are to surmount defects resulting from function-oriented design theory and to pave the ecological approach to design theory with directness and embodiment combining perception with activities.
A Novel Cyanide-Free Gold Complex: [Au(tu)2 ]SCN H2O
Authors: Huang Shi Yu , Sheng Guo Jun , Li De Liang , Tang Jiao , Feng Neng Qing
Published: October 2013

A novel aurous complex containing thiourea and thiocyanate as the mixed ligands is synthesized by the ISRC method in this paper. Its formula is determined as [Au (tu)2 ]SCN H2O by elemental analysis. The electrochemistry studies show it is a typical ionic compound and its conductivity reaches 13×10-4 Sm2mol-1. TG studies and related stability tests reveal the compound is excellently stable. By using single factors experiments the optimal plating index has been gotten and they are: pH=1.5~3.5, [A =1.5~2.5 g/L, temperature 30~50°C and plating time 10 minutes respectively. It is a competitive gold complex and will be find a wide application in electroplating, chemical deposition, ceramic decoration and other related areas.
Conservation of Crop Genetic Diversity for Sustainable Agriculture
Authors: Jiang Bo , Zhou Xuan , Jin Song , Li Cun Yu , Li Ji Lin , Li Yu Xin , Zhang Yan Ming
Published: October 2013

Crop genetic diversity is crucial for the environment, for feeding humanity and for sustainable agriculture development, which is providing genetic barriers against different biotic and abiotic stresses; however, it is being lost at an alarming rate. Fortunately, more and more people are conscious of the conservation and sustainable use of genetic resources goes far beyond avoiding the extinction of species, and the objective must be to conserve and use as much diversity as possible within each species. There is now a need for an integrated strategy for the conservation and management of crop genetic diversity and the organization of related information at several levels, for instance, at the highest level, it is necessary for entire agro-ecosystem, and also applies to the gene pools of individual crops at the interspecies level as well as at the intervarietal levels. This paper assesses the estimates methods on different genetic diversity in crop, introduces the status of crop genetic diversity, and prospects the significant conservation of crop genetic diversity for sustainable agriculture in the future.
Research of Brittle Shear Failure Strength of Rock Materials
Authors: Li Yuan , Li Zhen , Xu Tie Jun
Published: October 2013

In order to get brittle shear characteristics of rock material, acoustic emission accompanied with triaxial stress-strain test was applied to monitor the emergence and development of micro cracks. Theoretical analysis and data processing were conducted based on the theories of fracture mechanics and general rock mechanics, relations between the feature strength of three stages and the stress state were obtained, and a method was put forward for analyzing the brittle shear failure of rock material. The relationship of the Mohr-Coulomb strength theory, Griffith strength theory and Hoek-Brown criterion with the brittle-shear strength model were established. Strength analysis of mixed granite in Shuichang slope was carried out by the brittle shear failure model, and the theoretical value and experimental value has a good consistency.
Analysis of Light Gauge Steel Truss Girder-Profiled Steel-Light Concrete Composite Floor with Different Screw Distributions
Authors: Yang Yuan Zhang , Wang Zhi Jun , Kong Wei Chao
Published: October 2013

This paper describes the important influence of screw connection between profiled steel sheets and the light gauge steel truss girders on the mechanical performance of the light gauge steel truss girder-profiled steel-light concrete composite floor. The ABAQUS finite element model is built to simulate the bending performance of the composite floor. The feasibility of FE model is examined based on the experiment data. By changing the screw distribution of the model, this paper analyzes the relation between the mechanical performance and screw distributions of the composite floor.
Heat Transfer Characteristics and Loading Performance of Ground-Source Heat Pump System Pile
Authors: Zhang Meng Yu , Zhou Wan Qing , Gao Feng Qi
Published: October 2013

Energy is the material basis for human survival, economic development, and the social progress. With the growth of population and the improvement of per capita living standards in developing countries, energy becomes scarce. To improve the energy structure and seek sufficient stability in energy supplies has become issues of concern. Ground source heat just to meet the people's demand for energy, ground surface of shallow geothermal energy is a renewable energy stored. The ground source heat pump system pile are caring for two aspects: whether the pipes will influence the bearing capacity of the pile and whether the deformations of the pile will influence the buried pipes．In this paper, the bearing capacity influenced by the buried pipes is analyzed through the variation of the moment of inertia and the area of the pile．The results show that the buried pipes in the pile have little influence on the structures．
Study on the Shear Strength Parameters under Different Freezing and Thawing Cycles of Soil Slope in China
Authors: Wu He , Ge Qi , Tian Jing Bo
Published: October 2013

In seasonal frozen regions, shallow landslide hazards in soil slopes usually happen. The type of failure surface is always on the freezing and thawing surface in the soil slope. So the direct influence factor of soil slope failure is the soil shear strength of the freezing and thawing (F-T) surface. The shear strength of the soil is determined by the two parameters of Cohesion c and Friction angle φ. In this study model experiment of F-T soil interface with different aggregate materials is designed by alternating the F-T cycle times, then the parameters c and the φ were obtained. Finally the deterioration modal of the two shear strength parameters of soil interface was put forward. The results demonstrated when the slope stability in the seasonal frozen regions was analyzed using shear strength reduction method, the two deterioration modals can provide the data reference for the analysis.
Experimental Study on the Pressure Characteristics of Gasoline Vapor Explosion under Weak Restrictions
Authors: Liang Jian Jun , He Dong Hai , Du Yang , Liu Shu , Zhou Jian Zhong
Published: October 2013

In this paper, the pressure characteristics of gasoline vapor explosion under weak restrictions was investigated experimentally. The experimental studies have shown that explosion pressure maximized when Rs/R0 was in the range of 1.5~2.0, and when Rs/R0 > 1.5, pressure was proportional to the 2.45 power of the initial radius, and attenuated with the extended distances from the explosion center according to the rule of negative exponent.
Experimental Study on the Process of Gas Explosion in a Narrow Pipeline
Authors: Liang Jian Jun , Liu Shu , Jiang Xin Sheng , Wang Dong , Zhou Jian Zhong
Published: October 2013

In this paper, the process of the gas explosion waves was investigated in a closed pipeline. The research indicated that the interaction between pressure waves and flame waves were extensive in the course of gas explosion, which took effect of both enhancement and inhibition, and played a leading role at different stages. Not only could the flame waves raise the pressure peak and amplitude, but they also compressed the ascent stage of the pressure waves, stretched the descent stage. Eventually, detonation waves may come into being.
Study on Mechanical Automation with Automatically Adjustable Seat Based on Mechanical Properties
Authors: Fu Tsu Hsun
Published: October 2013

In recent years, industry and commerce have been developed and economic conditions have been improved, technology evolvement enhances the standard of living. Medical, hygiene, health and welfare issues have drawn public attention. The elderly population to the total population ratio has been increased year by year. Electric wheelchairs or electric scooters have become very important mobile aids for those physically disabled, the elderly, and chronically ill patients everyday lives. Currently the function of wheelchairs on the market is still considerably limited. Most patients are still suffering psychological burden of the shifting of the center of gravity due to uphill, downhill or driving on non-horizontal surface. This study shows how to solve the problem of seat tilt problem while encounter stairs, ramps and other non-horizontal surface. Therefore their insecurity can be reduced and their comfort can be increased. In this study, we constructed a seat with automatically level adjustable seat cushion. By continuously detecting the seat level degree, the tilt angle was detected when driving on non-horizontal surface. Using microcontroller and stepper motors with automatic feedback to adjust the seat to reach the level of the body. By way of this machinery automation can improve the mechanical properties of the seat. This framework will not only improve the existing wheelchair uncomfortable problems, and can also be applied to other moving vehicles.
Integral Sliding Mode Control Based on Exponential Approach Law for Brushless Double Fed Machines
Authors: Duan Zhong Rong , Huang Guo Yong , Shao Zong Kai , Wu Jian De , Wang Xiao Dong
Published: October 2013

In this paper, based on the principle of exponential approach law, an integral sliding mode controller (ISMC) for brushless doubly-fed machine (BDFM) adjustable speed system is presented. Because of using the integral sliding mode control, the proposed controller for BDFM employs the robustness and excellent dynamic performances of ISMC. Simulation results show that the proposed control strategy is of the feasibility, correctness and effectiveness.
Based on the Mechanical Arm of the Polar Rescue Intelligent Control System
Authors: Gao Ling , He Si Ming , Luan Suang , Jin Mei Shan , Liu Jing
Published: October 2013

It's a type of wheeled robot based on the AT89S52 MCU, through the body and infrared emission source docking judgment target position, the differential signal to control the motor speed to improve the direction; used ultrasonic obstacle avoidance module continuously detect the front object distance; used the error compensation principle of probability and statistics on the mechanical arm debugging and correcting, so that the system may realize to the target automatically crawl.
Study Based on Hybrid Bounding Volume Hierarchy for Collision Detection in the Virtual Manipulator
Authors: Wu Hong Yu , Shu Zhi Meng , Liu Yong Guang
Published: October 2013

A collision detection algorithm based on hybrid bounding volume hierarchy was proposed using k-DOPs and sphere between complex objects. A simple algorithm to the particular structure of hydraulic servo manipulator was introduced based on the relation of line to line and line to plane to deal with real time collision detection between graphicrobot and operation task in consideration of the bounding volume hierarchy method.Validity of thisalgorithm was proved through experiments . The experimental results show that the proposed collision detection model is simple and fast in calculation,and easy for realization.it can solve on line simulation problem in remote operation for construction robot,and could be applied in simple virtual reality system.
Fault Analysis and Treatment of CNC Machine Tool Servo System
Authors: Shi Ya Bei , Yang Sun
Published: October 2013

The intermediate link of nc systems and machine tools is Servo system. Servo system failure is an important part of the failure of CNC machine tools. Firstly, most common servo system fault mode is introduced from actual work; Secondly, according to fault locating method to determine fault location is discussed; Finally, servo system fault diagnosis example and processing method are introduced.
Numerical Simulation and Orthogonal Design Method Research Effect of Splitter Blade's Main Geometry Factors on the Performance of Pump as Turbine
Authors: Yang Jun Hu , Miao Sen Chun
Published: October 2013

In order to research the effect of splitter blades main geometry factors on the performance of pump as turbine, the L9(34)orthogonal design scheme has been developed based on four factors which contain the blades circumferential biasing degrees, the outlet deflection angle, the outlet diameter and the number of blade. According to this design scheme, numerical simulation of centrifugal pump (ns48) as turbine has been done. By range analysis of computational results, the best design scheme of splitter blades and the level of each factor for the primary and secondary order of turbine efficiency (the outlet deflection angle, the outlet diameter, the number of blade, and blades circumferentially biasing degrees) are obtained. The internal characteristics analysis was done on centrifugal pump (ns48) as turbine at its optimal operating conditions. The results shows, compared with conventional impeller, that the internal velocity and pressure field distribution using the design scheme of composite impeller is more reasonable.