bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Collective Strategies of Key Stakeholders in Sponge City Construction: A Tripartite Game Analysis of Governments, Developers, and Consumers
Authors: Chen Yan , Chen Hongmei
Published: April 2020

In the early stage of sponge city promotion, both developers and consumers lack initiative, and the governments can take incentive measures to encourage both groups to actively participate in the construction of sponge city. This paper makes a comparative analysis of the interest composition and obstacles faced by the three key stakeholders: governments, developers, and consumers, and establishes an asymmetric evolutionary game model of governments, developers, and consumers. The dynamic system of the game model is constructed by replicated dynamic equation, and the evolution direction of different stages is obtained by solving the stable equilibrium point of the system. Based on the reasonable assumption of the parameter value, the numerical simulation is carried out for the situation of oversupply, short supply, and balance of supply and demand. The results show that the better evolutionary equilibrium points are (incentive, development, purchase) and (no incentive, development, purchase). The basic factors influencing the decision-making direction of the stakeholder are direct cost, direct benefit, opportunity cost, and opportunity benefit. In a fixed scenario, the decision-making direction is unchanged, and the parameters can change the evolution speed of the whole system, which can reduce the loss or accelerate the promotion. Moreover, some suggestions are put forward for the governments, developers, and consumers in the construction of sponge city.
Response of Salt Transport and Residence Time to Geomorphologic Changes in an Estuarine System
Authors: Liu Wen-Cheng , Ke Min-Hsin , Liu Hong-Ming
Published: April 2020

Anthropogenic changes in tidal estuaries have significantly altered bathymetry and topography over the past half century. The geomorphic-driven changes in estuarine hydrodynamics and salt transport remain unclear. To explore this issue, a SELFE (Semi-implicit Eulaerian-Lagrangian Finite Element) -based model was developed and utilized in a case study in the Danshui River, Taiwan. The model was calibrated and validated using observed water level, current, and salinity data from 2015, 2016, and 2017. The performance of the SELFE model corresponded well to the measured data. Furthermore, the validated model was utilized to analyze the hydrodynamics, residual current, limit of salt intrusion, and residence time under the predevelopment (1981) and present (2015) conditions. The predicted results revealed that the time lag of water surface elevation at both high tide and low tide under the present condition was approximately 0.5–2 h shorter under the predevelopment condition. The residual circulation under the predevelopment condition was stronger than under the present condition for low flow, causing the limit of salt intrusion to extend further upstream under the predevelopment condition compared to the limit of salt intrusion under the present condition. The calculated residence time under the predevelopment condition was longer than the residence time under the present condition. The freshwater discharge input is a dominating factor affecting the salt intrusion and residence time in a tidal estuary. A regression correlation between the maximum distance of salt intrusion and freshwater discharge and a correlation between residence time and freshwater discharge were established to predict the limit of salt intrusion and residence time under the predevelopment and present conditions with different scenarios of freshwater discharge input.
Advancing Understanding of Land Use and Physicochemical Impacts on Fecal Contamination in Mixed-Land-Use Watersheds
Authors: Petersen Fritz , Hubbart Jason A.
Published: April 2020

Understanding mixed-land-use practices and physicochemical influences on Escherichia (E.) coli concentrations is necessary to improve water quality management and human health. Weekly stream water samples and physicochemical data were collected from 22 stream gauging sites representing varying land use practices in a contemporary Appalachian watershed of the eastern USA. Over the period of one annual year, Escherichia (E.) coli colony forming units (CFU) per 100 mL were compared to physicochemical parameters and land use practices. Annual average E. coli concentration increased by approximately 112% from acid mine drainage (AMD) impacted headwaters to the lower reaches of the watershed (approximate averages of 177 CFU per 100 mL vs. 376 CFU per 100 mL, respectively). Significant Spearman’s correlations (p < 0.05) were identified from analyses of pH and E. coli concentration data representing 77% of sample sites; thus highlighting legacy effects of historic mining (AMD) on microbial water quality. A tipping point of 25–30% mixed development was identified as leading to significant (p < 0.05) negative correlations between chloride and E. coli concentrations. Study results advance understanding of land use and physicochemical impacts on fecal contamination in mixed-land-use watersheds, aiding in the implementation of effective water quality management practices and policies.
Spatial Variability of Preferential Flow and Infiltration Redistribution along a Rocky-Mountain Hillslope, Northern China
Authors: Zhao Si-yuan , Jia Yang-wen , Gong Jia-guo , Niu Cun-wen , Su Hui-dong , Gan Yong-de , Liu Huan
Published: April 2020

Rock fragments in soil strongly increase the complexity of hydrological processes. Spatial variability of preferential flow and infiltration characteristics, especially along a rocky-mountain hillslope are poorly understood. In this study, five rainfall–dye tracer experiments were performed in the rocky Taihang Mountains, northern China, to investigate the spatial variability of preferential flow and infiltration redistribution on different hillslope positions. Tracers were used to distinguish macropore flow and actual water flow patterns, and preferential flow indices and spatial non–uniformity of the infiltration redistribution were calculated using image analysis. Results showed increasing trends in the dye coverage, maximum infiltration depth, and steady infiltration rate with increased hillslope position, with a preferential flow fraction of 0.10, 0.11, 0.15, 0.29, and 0.26 for the bottom–, down–, mid–, upper–, and top–slope positions, respectively. With increased hillslope position, the spatial non–uniformity of the infiltration redistribution gradually increased in orthogonal and parallel directions to the stained section, and was supported by the fractal dimensions. Positive (gravel mass ratio, saturated water content, altitude, hydraulic conductivity and roots) and negative (bulk density and clay content) impacts on preferential flow and infiltration redistribution were quantitatively emphasized. The characteristic and mechanism of infiltration process were further identified along a rocky-mountain hillslope.
Spatiotemporal Variations in Nitrogen and Phosphorus in a Large Man-Made Lake and Their Relationships with Human Activities
Authors: Zhou Ligang , Wang Xiangdong , Zhang Xiaoming , Zhao Yang , Zhu Panpan , Zhao Xiang , Li Xiaole
Published: April 2020

Nitrogen and phosphorus excessive enrichment are major causes of water eutrophication, and variations in nutrients enrichment are strongly influenced by human activities. In this study, annual average water quality from 2001 to 2018 was used to explore the spatiotemporal variations in total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) and their relationships with human activities. Spatially, TN and TP concentrations exhibited significant variations across the five sub-lake zones, and their values were relatively higher in the NW lake zone than the other sub-lake zones. Temporally, TN concentration exhibited weak correlations with years in the NW (R2 = 0.37, p < 0.05) and NE (R2 = 0.43, p < 0.05) lake zones and significant and positive correlations with years in the SW (R2 = 0.62, p < 0.05), SE (R2 = 0.79, p < 0.05), and C (R2 = 0.84, p < 0.05) lake zones. TP concentration exhibited decreasing trends in all lake zones except the NW lake zone (R2 = 0.37, p < 0.05), its value shows a relatively low level and is the restrictive factor to algal growth. The trophic state of the Lake Qiandaohu was determined as mesotrophic. Gross domestic product (GDP) and construction land exhibited strong correlations with TN and TP. Moreover, agriculture nonpoint source pollution was the largest contributor to the excessive enrichment of TN and TP, resulting in water eutrophication. In addition, aquaculture was another major source of nutrients starting in 1999. Although the managers of Lake Qiandaohu implemented a protection-oriented fishery policy, good results cannot be easily achieved with a unilateral policy concerning environmental protection. Thus, comprehensive policies may be more effective than unilateral policies.
El sistema nacional de garantías PYME y su contribución al crecimiento económico en México 2003-2008
Authors: Quintal Palomo Alberto , Sansores Guerrero Edgar Alfonso , Navarrete Marneou Juana Edith
Published: April 2020

Actualmente las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMES) representan un motor para el crecimiento económico. En México uno de los principales objetivos de las políticas de apoyo a las PYMES es lograr que este sector tenga acceso al financiamiento, por tal motivo se ha implementado un Sistema Nacional de Ga¬rantías. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es determinar el impacto del Sistema Nacional de Garantías en el crecimiento económico durante el período 2002-2008.
La inversión en publicidad como nuevo instrumento del capital
Authors: Gracia Hernández Maximiliano , Monroy Aguilar Sergio
Published: April 2020

Resultado del proceso de globalización, la relación entre inversión y gasto  en publicidad se ha profundizado en los últimos años, la competencia se  incrementa por la apertura económica, haciéndose cada vez más salvaje y  por ello los márgenes de ganancia se reducen; ello obliga al empresario a  buscar nuevas estrategias de supervivencia y, si es posible aplicar políticas  que permitan incrementar las ganancias. El documento muestra como  la inversión en publicidad es una estrategia de supervivencia y un mecanismo poco viable para el incremento de los beneficios empresariales,  aun cuando se percibe como una estrategia óptima.
Efecto de las exportaciones en el crecimiento económico de Baja California Sur: una aplicación del modelo de base económica y su multiplicador
Authors: Solís Ávila Karol , Ken Rodríguez Crucita Aurora
Published: April 2020

Este trabajo intenta explicar el efecto de las exportaciones en las economías locales a través del análisis de desempeño de la economía de Baja California Sur. El objetivo es analizar los efectos de las exportaciones en el crecimiento económico a nivel municipal y aplicar el modelo de base económica y su multiplicador en economías locales. Se emplea como línea  teórica el crecimiento económico regional y los sistemas productivos. El análisis evidencia que la economía subbajacaliforniana es competitiva, porque los municipios registran excedentes de producción exportables; están en condiciones de satisfacer la demanda interna, y dependen en menor proporción relativa de las importaciones. Se demuestra que las economías locales presentan potencial para articular sistemas productivos de proveeduría para impulsar su crecimiento.
Volatilidad fiscal y crecimiento económico. Venezuela 1998-2010
Authors: Peña Parra Carlos José
Published: April 2020

El objetivo del presente artículo es determinar el efecto de la volatilidad fiscal sobre el crecimiento económico para Venezuela entre 1998 y 2010. En este lapso, según los datos presentados, la volatilidad de los agregados fiscales ha sido sensiblemente mayor al promedio del crecimiento del producto. Diversos factores han ocasionado que dichos agregados hayan sido más volátiles; entre ellos, los diversos choques externos, la crisis global y, a nivel interno, su comportamiento procíclico, la discrecionalidad, la falta de reglas e instituciones inadecuadas, todos ellos pueden tener responsabilidad en el incremento de la volatilidad fiscal y, en consecuencia, sobre el crecimiento. La literatura especializada señala que el vínculo entre la volatilidad fiscal y el crecimiento económico es negativa.
Volatilidad macroeconómica y desigualdad. Venezuela, 1960-2012. El canal de la inversión
Authors: Peña Parra Carlos José
Published: April 2020

La volatilidad del crecimiento económico impacta negativamente sobre el bienestar social, se profundiza la mala distribución del ingreso y los niveles de consumo de las personas se ven reducidos. Lo más peligroso de este fenómeno es que la probabilidad de que los estratos de menores ingresos sean los más afectados es más alta debido a que la elasticidad – ingreso de estos hogares es generalmente mayor. Así mismo, la volatilidad macroeconómica y el pobre desempeño económico ejercen un papel importante para explicar la desigualdad y la inestabilidad económica. En este contexto, la volatilidad de la tasa de inversión privada y el desempleo pueden dar una idea de los canales más importantes a través de los cuales se expresan los choques macroeconómicos y la volatilidad del crecimiento económico. Dado lo anterior, el objetivo del presente trabajo es establecer la dinámica de la volatilidad macroeconómica y la desigualdad mediante el canal de la inversión en Venezuela para el periodo 1960 – 2012. La metodología la determina dicha dinámica, está basada en los modelos de vectores autor regresivos cointegrados, VARC, que permiten esbozar un modelo econométricamente bien especificado en presencia de variables no estacionarias. Esto implica que una formulación estocástica de los fenómenos económicos a través de un VARC permite abarcar, de forma general, la mayoría de las hipótesis económicas sin que se pierdan las propiedades estadísticas de los datos. Los resultados validan que, a largo plazo, un aumento en la volatilidad de la inversión ocasiona un deterioro en la tasa de desempleo, lo cual podría estar generando un crecimiento en la desigualdad vía mercado de trabajo.
Explorando los Determinantes de la Tasa de Desempleo en los Países Europeos
Authors: Isidro Luna Victor Manuel , Corzo Cardona Gabriel
Published: April 2020

Se exploran los determinantes de la tasa de desempleo en la Unión Europea desde una visión heterodoxa. Se enfoca en analizar variables como la desigualdad, la capacidad de utilización y si los países europeos son centrales o periféricos. Se descarta que los principales determinantes del desempleo sean el salario real y la instrumentación de una excesiva seguridad social. El periodo de estudio es de 2010 a 2012 y se utilizan técnicas econométricas como estadística bayesiana y datos de panel.
Impactos Económicos del Cambio Climático con Base en un Enfoque Sistémico
Authors: Fuentes Flores Noé Aarón , Brugués Alejandro
Published: April 2020

Baja California se unió al grupo de 12 entidades mexicanas que han concluido la elaboración del Programa Estatal de Acción ante el Cambio Climático (PEACCBC). Sin embargo, en el informe, los estudios de impactos en sectores socioeconómicos y ecosistemas incluyen los efectos directos del Cambio Climático (CC), pero excluyen los efectos indirectos (interdependencias) y dinámicos (retroalimentación). El objetivo es integrar todos los impactos atribuibles al CC en un Modelo Regional Multisectorial de Simulación Dinámica (MRMSD) conceptualmente basado en un Enfoque Sistémico y metodológicamente apoyado en la Dinámica de Sistemas. La ampliación del modelaje muestra que los efectos adversos totales son entre dos y tres veces mayores que los efectos directos, lo que señala la importancia de desarrollar instrumentos que permitan la estimación de los efectos totales del deterioro del medio ambiente a nivel regional.
Desajuste educativo en el mercado laboral en México y su efecto en los salarios
Authors: Valenzuela Sánchez Norma Aída , Alonso Bajo Rosario , Moreno Treviño Jorge Omar
Published: April 2020

Se examina el nivel y los efectos del desajuste educativo en el mercado laboral de México. En primer lugar se mide la magnitud de desajuste y en segundo se estima la ecuación salarial extendida de Duncan y Hoffman (1981) para obtener, por separado, los retornos a la educación requerida, el rendimiento de sobreeducación y la penalización a la subeducación. El modelo se prueba con datos de la Encuesta nacional sobre niveles de vida de los hogares (ENNViH). La escolaridad requerida para cada ocupación se deriva de obtener los niveles medios de escolaridad para cada puesto de trabajo. Los resultados muestran que la educación excedente o subutilizada se recompensa, pero a una tasa más baja que la educación requerida.
КАЗАХСКАЯ БЕЛОГОЛОВАЯ — ПЕРВАЯ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННАЯ СПЕЦИАЛИЗИРОВАННАЯ ПОРОДА МЯСНОГО СКОТА
Authors: HAINATSKI V.Yu. , GONTYUREV V.A. , DZHULAMANOV K.M. , ISKANDEROVA A.P. , TYULEBAEV S.D.
Published: April 2020

Кратко представлена история создания породы, утвержденной в 1950 году методом воспроизводительного скрещивания казахского, калмыцкого скота и их помесей с герефордской породой. Животные казахской белоголовой породы отвечают всем требованиям, предъявляемым к специализированным породам мясного направления продуктивности: неприхотливы к кормам и условиям содержания, прекрасно сочетают рост с откормом и нагулом в сухих степях, имеют хорошую воспроизводительную способность, приспособлены к резко континентальному климату и дают говядину с высокими вкусовыми качествами. Порода создана для разведения в зоне сухих степей и полупустынь с целью эффективного использования больших территорий пастбищных угодий. Учеными и специалистами проведена работа по созданию заводских линий и внедрению селекции по интенсивности роста. Казахская белоголовая порода получила широкое распространение в Российской Федерации и Казахстане. Сформулированы промежуточные итоги разведения данной породы и намечены цели дальнейшей работы с ней. Порода оказывает большое влияние на развитие отрасли мясного скотоводства и обеспечение продовольственной независимости России за счет своей роли в производстве высококачественного мяса через малоиспользуемые ресурсы пастбищного скотоводства.

The article is presented on the 70th anniversary of the creation of the Kazakh whitehead breed. Here is a brief history of creation. The breed was created in 1950 by the method of reproductive crossing of Kazakh, Kalmyk cattle and their crosses with Hereford breed. Animals of the Kazakh white-headed breed meet all the requirements for specialized poultry of the meat direction of productivity: they are unpretentious to feed and keeping conditions, they perfectly combine growth with fattening and feeding in dry steppes, have good reproductive ability, are adapted to sharply continental climate and give beef high taste . The breed was created for breeding in the zone of dry steppes and semi-deserts, with the aim of efficient use of large areas of pasture land. People who created and worked with the breed and their achievements are noted. Scientists and specialists carried out work on the creation of factory lines and the introduction of selection by growth rate. Kazakh white-headed breed is widespread in the Russian Federation and Kazakhstan. The intermediate results of breeding of this breed are formulated and the goals of further work with it are outlined. It is assumed that the breed will continue to have a great influence on the development of the beef cattle breeding industry, ensuring food independence of Russia due to its role in the production of high-quality meat through the underutilized resources of pastoral cattle breeding.
PENCAPAIAN PEDAGOGICAL CONTENT KNOWLEDGE MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA
Authors: Ningsih Sri Yunita , Siagian Muhammad Daut
Published: April 2020

Pedagogical content knowledge is a combination of understanding of teaching material (content knowledge) and understanding how to educate (pedagogical knowledge) that needs to be possessed by a teacher. The purpose of this study was to determine the pedagogical content knowledge concept, the achievement of pedagogical content knowledge for prospective teacher students, and to determine the role of prospective mathematics teacher students towards pedagogical content knowledge. A teacher in carrying out his professional assignments must have the competence that is always maintained. Because of this, competency development is an important requirement to ensure that the quality of learning in the classroom adjusts to the development and demands of the times. Always maintained competence also ensures that the implementation of education is consistent in achieving educational goals. There are ten pedagogical content knowledge criteria that must be possessed by prospective teacher students before conducting the practice in the field. Prospective teacher students must also be able to implement learning, knowledge of ways to represent and explain the material to make the material understandable to others.
Synthesis of geopolymer binders and mortars from Ijero-Ekiti calcined clay, blast furnace slag and river sand
Authors: Adeniyi Funmilayo I. , Ogundiran Mary B.
Published: April 2020

Geopolymer, an inorganic polymer is a greener alternative to Portland cement because of less CO2 emissions generated during its synthesis. Main precursors needed for its formation is silica and alumina. Geopolymer source materials are primarily fly ash, blast furnace slag, calcined kaolin clays. Ijero-Ekiti kaolin clay that is rich in silica and alumina is relatively abundant in Nigeria. Hence, the aim of this study was to develop geopolymer binder and mortars using Ijero-Ekiti calcined clay, blast furnace slag and river sand. Chemical and structural characterisation of source materials was determined. Geopolymer binders were synthesised at varying proportions of clay and BFS. The binder that gave the optimum compressive strength was used to prepare geopolymer mortars with sand at varying mix ratios with 8M NaOH/NaSi2O3 solution at ambient temperature. Mechanical, structural and durability properties of the geopolymer products were investigated.

FTIR spectrum of Ijero-Ekiti calcined clay showed a disappearance of surface OH groups when compared to its raw clay, confirming the transformation of kaolinite to metakaolinite. The calcined clay was composed mainly of silicon oxide and aluminium oxide. Si-O stretching vibration decreased as the BFS content increased in the binders. The water absorption values substantiated the low porosity of the binders. The geopolymer mortars compressive strength was in accordance with ASTM standard.

The results confirmed the suitability of Ijero-Ekiti calcined clay as a geopolymer precursor and its combination with blast furnace slag can be used as a greener alternative to Portland cement.
Presepsin is a novel highly effective sepsis marker (Review)
Authors: Shapoval S. D. , Savon I. L. , Vasylevska L. V. , Sofilkanych M. M.
Published: April 2020

In this review the most effective markers of septic process like Procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, and cytokines compared to the new marker – Presepsin (PSP) are analyzed.

At sepsis initiation, PSP increases 30 to 60 minutes after the onset of systemic infection. PSP levels at admission to the hospital predict the risk of adverse and adverse effects that other markers used for the diagnosis of sepsis do not have.
Systolic function of the left ventricle in patients with pulmonary hypertension on the background of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Fushtey I. M. , Nikolaieva K. L.
Published: April 2020

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) greatly affects the quality of life, significantly limiting the physical capabilities of people suffering from it. The prevalence of COPD worldwide is about 7,6 %, and it is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in today’s society. An urgent medical and social problem of our time is the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in patients with COPD. Transthoracic echocardiography is important for PH screening. It has the highest sensitivity and specificity among non-invasive examinations, and unlike catheterization of the right heart, it does not require special equipment and centers for dynamic monitoring of patients with PH. When pulmonary hypertension, there is a pronounced remodeling of the heart. At the first stage, it occurs in the right parts of the heart, and in the future, as a consequence, it is accompanied by a violation of systolic inter-ventricular interactions.

Purpose of the study. To determine the characteristics of left ventricular systolic function in patients with pulmonary hypertension on the background of COPD.

Materials and methods. Results of the study are based on data from a comprehensive survey of 170 COPD patients aged 40 to 65 years, 123 of which had pulmonary hypertension and 47 ones had no pulmonary hypertension.

Results and discussion. In the group of patients with PH on the background of COPD, the shock volume was 74,72 cm3 (64,60–83,09) and it was significantly lower compared to the level of 82,04 cm3 (75,20–87,76) of the COPD group without PH (p < 0,05). Such echocardiographic index as left ventricular ejection fraction in groups of patients with COPD with PH and without it, was 57,59% (53,84–62,19) and 59,44% (56,67–61,88), respectively, and it was significantly lower compared to the level of 64,62% (62,86–67,91) of healthy individuals (p < 0,05).

There was a straight increase in end-diastolic volume and end-systolic volume in the subgroup of patients with COPD duration > 12 years compared to the subgroup  12 years, 134,17 cm3 (117,00–150,15) versus 125,52 cm3 (105,20–139,60) and 57,37 cm3 (51,70–65,60) versus 51,40 cm3 (43,08–59,84),

respectively (p < 0,05). The impact volume had no significant differences between subgroups depending on the duration of COPD (p > 0,05). The level of LV ejection fraction was significantly lower in the subgroup of COPD duration > 12 years 56,64% (52,65–59,73) against the subgroup  12 years (p < 0,05). There were no significant differences between the levels of systolic heart function indicators: end-diastolic volume, end-systolic volume, shock volume, and LV EF depending on the stage of COPD (p > 0,05). Correlation analysis revealed significant relationships between the following indicators: duration of COPD and ESV (R = +0,24, p = 0,008); duration of COPD and LV EF (R = –0,25, p = 0,006); MPAP and EDV (R = –0,22, p = 0.02); MPAP and SV (R = –0,26, p = 0,004); MPAP and LV EF (R = –0,21, p = 0,02).
THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGICAL CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT ON THE LABOR MARKET CONDITION. THE CASE OF THE DOLNOŚLĄSKIE AND LUBUSKIE VOIVODSHIPS
Authors: Grzęda Łukasz , Kozak Sylwester
Published: April 2020

The aim of the article is to assess the impact of the development of technological capacity on the labour market in Poland, in voivodships with significantly different GDP levels: the Dolnośląskie and nearly four times smaller the Lubuskie. Data for the years 2002-2017 were obtained from the CSO Local Data Bank. The research used linear regression analysis and the OLS estimation method. The results have shown that the expenditure on R&D are not a positive factor of employment growth in both voivodships, which may be due to their low values in relation to GDP (on average around 0.5%). The number of students and universities had a positive impact on the labour market in both regions. The catch-up effect and accelerated development recorded in the second part of the examined period in the Lubuskie could have had an impact on better absorption of university graduates and registered patents by businesses and their positive impact on employment levels, in contrast to the Dolnośląskie. Improvement in the economic situation in both voivodships and in the whole country also had a positive impact on the improvement of conditions on the labour market.
MORALITY AS A CRITERION FOR A CLAUSE OF GOOD PRACTICES IN THE LIGHT OF SELECTED ACTS OF POLISH COMMERCIAL LAW
Authors: Bider Marcin , Interlandi Roberto
Published: April 2020

This article employing historical-legal methods presents the relationship between an extra-legal axiology and the norms of commercial law. The standard of morality is presented among several criteria of the good practices clause. Axiological pluralism demands that the criterion of morality be recognized in the light of constitutional values. Freedom of economic trade is a basic value that can only be restricted by law. At the same time, legal norms require justification through the system of moral norms. Non-legal norms incorporated into the system of commercial law make trade more flexible and allow a judge to resolve conflicts in economic trade.
Caracterização climática da quadra chuvosa de município do semiárido brasileiro, entre os anos de 2013 a 2017
Authors: Carvalho Andreza Tacyana Felix
Published: April 2020

A região semiárida do Brasil é caracterizada climaticamente pelos efeitos do comportamento variável das chuvas no espaço e no tempo, tendo intervalos de fortes estiagens e secas. Desse modo considera-se que, assim como conhecer os períodos de seca, estudos para caracterizar os períodos chuvosos são essenciais à gestão de recursos hídricos inclusive, em âmbito municipal. Neste sentido, considerando a variabilidade climática ocorrente nesta região, este estudo apresenta uma caracterização climática dos meses chuvosos do município de Apodi - Rio Grande do Norte, a fim de demonstrar particularidades da dinâmica das chuvas na escala local em relação às medias históricas. Para isto, este artigo baseado em revisão bibliográfica e documental, caracteriza-se como um estudo de caso que utiliza-se da aplicação das médias históricas de precipitações e de temperaturas do período de 1911 a 1990 e, de dados diários destas variáveis climáticas no período de 2013 a 2017 tendo estes, sua aplicação em planilha eletrônica e representação através de gráficos ombrotérmicos. Neste sentido, são demonstrados a partir dos resultados que, apesar de historicamente as precipitações no município se concentrarem entre os meses de fevereiro a maio, entre os anos de 2013 a 2017, as precipitações totais anuais apresentaram-se abaixo da média histórica, mantendo-se as variações das temperaturas médias.Palavras-chave: Semiárido; Variabilidade climática; Estiagem; Gestão de recursos hídricos
Research on Students' Understanding of Michaelis-Menten Kinetics and Enzyme Inhibition: Implications for Instruction and Learning
Authors: Rodriguez Jon-Marc G. , Towns Marcy H.
Published: April 2020

We report a summary of the results from an education research project that investigated student reasoning related to Michaelis-Menten enzyme kinetics and enzyme inhibition. We have previously discussed students' mathematical reasoning related to rate laws and reaction order, student conceptions of different types of enzyme inhibition (competitive, noncompetitive, and uncompetitive), and student understanding of representations used to describe enzyme kinetics (Michaelis-Menten graphs, Lineweaver-Burk plots, reaction schemes). In this paper, we bring together the different publications that resulted from this project to emphasize the implications for instruction gleaned from each study and discuss the additional insight provided by synthesizing the results across studies. For this work, the results from this project have been framed according to the refined consensus model of pedagogical content knowledge, a framework from science education that defines the knowledge and skills needed to transform content knowledge into teaching.
Лагунные берега Тихоокеанской России: факторы эволюции и природопользование
Authors: Brovko P.F. , Dzen G.N. , Zhukovina M.G. , Malyugin A.V.
Published: April 2020

Прибрежная зона восточно-арктических и дальневосточных морей Тихоокеанской России имеет широкий спектр морфогенетических типов берегов. Наиболее полно среди них представлены лагунные берега. Эволюция лагун связана с повышением уровня Мирового океана. На этом фоне отмечено увеличение штормовой активности, что приводит к существенному преобразованию рельефа: формированию новых проливов и островов, преобразованию дельт. Существенно проявление географической зональности в динамике берегов. Показано, что в Охотском море ледовый фактор играет важную роль в морфологии и динамике лагун, а природные условия формирования побережий позволяют считать их субарктическими. Прибрежно-морское природопользование носит разносторонний характер: добыча рыбы, водорослей и беспозвоночных гидротехническое строительство разработка прибрежно-морских россыпей тяжелых металлов освоение бальнеологических ресурсов. Широко развиты марикультура и экологический туризм. Лагунные берега формируются иногда в условиях активного техногенного воздействия.

The coastal zone of the East Arctic and Far-Eastern seas of Pacific Russia has a wide range of the morphogenetic types of the shores. The lagoon shores are most fully presented among them. The lagoons evolution is caused by the world ocean level increase. An increase in storm activity leads to a significant transformation of the terrain. New straits and islands are formed and the deltas are transformed. The manifestation of the geographic zonality in the dynamics of shores is essential. It is shown that the ice factor plays an important role in the morphology and dynamics of lagoons in the Sea of Okhotsk. The natural conditions for the formation of coasts make it possible to consider them as subarctic. The coastal-marine management is of versatile nature: catch of fish, algae and invertebrates hydrotechnical construction mining of seashore placers of the heavy metals development of balneal resources. The mariculture and eco-tourism are well represented. Sometimes the lagoon shores are formed under conditions of active technogenic impact.
Академик Виктор Борисович Сочава как исследователь Дальнего Востока
Authors: Snytko V.A.
Published: April 2020

Рассмотрен вклад Виктора Борисовича Сочавы (19051978) в познание природы Дальнего Востока. Его исследования региона были начаты в конце 1920-х гг. и продолжались десятилетиями. Им был решен ряд проблем ботаники и физической географии, предложено районирование территории.

The contribution of Viktor Borisovich Sochava (1905-1978) to the knowledge of the Far East nature was considered. His investigations of the region were begun in the late 1920s and continued over the course of decades. He has solved a number of problems of botany and physical geography and proposed the zonation of territory.
Violencia basada en género y sus formas de nombrarla: una revisión del cubrimiento de la prensa escrita frente a las violencias contra las mujeres en el caribe colombiano
Authors: Mendívil Calderón Carmen R.
Published: April 2020

Este artículo presenta los hallazgos del monitoreo realizado a las notas publicadas por el Diario El Heraldo de Barranquilla (Colombia), en la que se registran hechos violentos contra las mujeres en el año 2011. El interés surge por la manera como son presentados los casos en la prensa, bajo la premisa de la responsabilidad de los medios en la construcción y difusión de opinión e información y su relación con la tolerancia social frente a la violencia basada en género. A partir de esto, se establecen algunas características, a manera de tendencia, no sin antes sentar algunos puntos de reflexión sobre el tratamiento de la información y su incidencia en la construcción de cultura e imaginarios a favor de la equidad entre los géneros desde la prensa escrita.
TANTANGAN DAN PELUANG KEBIJAKAN NON-TUNAI: SEBUAH STUDI LITERATUR
Authors: Ulfi Izzani
Published: April 2020

Digaungkannya Gerakan Nasional Non Tunai (GNTT) oleh Bank Indonesia adalah bentuk dari implementasi kebijakan non-tunai di Indonesia. Transaksi non-tunai diharapkan membawa dampak-dampak positif bagi sebuah perekonomian. Dengan menggunakan metode studi literatur, makalah ini menggali manfaat, tantangan dan peluang pada penerapan kebijakan non-tunai. Perkembangan penerapan uang elektronik juga dibahas untuk mengetahui bagaimana gambaran penyelenggaran uang elektronik di Indonesia. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa regulasi, model bisnis dan infrastuktur penyelenggaraan uang elektronik adalah hal-hal fundamental yang harus diperhatikan guna mencapai tujuan penggunaan uang elektronik dan operasional uang elektronik yang lebih baik di masa depan.
ANALISIS KUALITAS LAYANAN INAPORTNET DIKANTOR OTORITAS PELABUHAN UTAMA TANJUNG PRIOK DENGAN METODE SERVQUAL DAN QFD
Authors: Sirait Sindak Sarifto , Thalib Farid
Published: April 2020

Web Service Inaportnet adalah Unit layanan elektronis lalu lintas kapal dan barang yang disediakan oleh Kantor Otoritas Pelabuhan Utama Tanjung Priok (KOPUTP) selaku Unit Pelaksana Teknis Kementerian Perhubungan. Hal ini secara mandatori diberlakukan sejak tahun 2018. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis kualitas layanan Inaportnet di KOPUTP dengan metode Servqual dan QFD guna mengetahui persepsi dan harapan para pengguna dan penyedia jasa. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan seluruh dimensi memiliki tingkat kepuasan “cukup puas” yang artinya pengguna dan penyedia jasa menilai pelayanan KOPUTP sudah cukup memenuhi harapan namun masih belum maksimal. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis diagram kartesius yang menunjukkan terdapat 6 indikator perlu perbaikan segera. Analisis QFD dilakukan untuk menentukan rekomendasi perbaikan yang diperlukan pada 5 indikator. Indikator yang memerlukan prioritas utama adalah indikator yang berhubungan dengan kompetensi petugas khususnya petugas administrasi. Rekomendasi pihak manajemen adalah dengan membuat Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP) untuk setiap aktifitas di pelabuhan bagi petugas administrasi.
Geochemical Characteristics of Three Hot Springs from Western Thailand
Authors: attanawong Thiwat R , Bissen Raphael , Kumpairoh Waraporn , Chawchai Sakonvan
Published: April 2020

At present a total of 118 hot springs are distributed throughout Thailand. Several studies with a focus on high-temperature hot springs related to geothermal resources were conducted in the northern and southern parts of the country. Geochemical data, however; especially isotopes of medium-to-low temperature hot springs are still scarce. Geochemical water analyses and isotope studies can provide crucial information for the future economical development of the hot springs, such as reservoir temperature, water source and quality. This study aims to investigate the chemical composition and stable isotopes (δ18O, δD) of three hot spring waters from western Thailand; Hin Dad, Bor Klueng and Ban Samorthong (surface water temperatures of 40-50 °C). The chemical type of the hot spring waters from Ban Samorthong and Bor Klueng are alkaline-carbonate, while Hin Dad hot spring is a calcium-carbonate type with high amount of sulfate, which is related to bedrock. Based on the silica geothermometer, reservoir temperatures are 65-90 °C. The stable isotopes δ18O and δD of all hot spring waters suggest a recharge with meteoric waters. The three hot springs are well-known for public water recreation and health therapy. Bor Klueng, the least developed of the three hot springs is used by locals as a source of drinking water. Regarding toxic elements, Ban Samorthong hot spring has high fluoride (F-) (14.84 mg L-1); while Hin Dad hot spring shows concentrations of lead (Pb2+) (0.07 mg L-1) and Bor Klueng of Pb2+ (0.02 mg L-1), and F- (4.35 mg L-1) which are above drinking water limits and might lead to health problems. In conclusion, the examination of elemental compositions and stable isotopes (δ18O, δD) of the three hot springs contributes to a better understanding of reservoir temperatures and recharge and can be beneficial for the natural resource development of medium-low temperature hot springs in Thailand.
ABUSO SEXUAL INTRAFAMILIAR
Authors: Risman Arnaldo
Published: April 2020

O Abuso Sexual Intrafamiliar contra crianças e adolescentes ocorre há vários anos, mas atualmente vem sendo mais divulgado. Em sua grande parte, a sociedade não acredita que isso possa ocorrer no seio das famílias, mas a elevada frequência do abuso no mundo atual faz repensar sobre esse assunto que já existia, mas em total segredo. Com o propósito de demonstrar questões sobre o desenvolvimento dessas crianças e adolescentes, principalmente no seu papel biopsicossocial diante do fato, a relação do abuso com o Complexo de Édipo, a rede de apoio e assistência a crianças e adolescentes, que são afetados violentamente, apresentamos as consequências psicológicas que tal assunto engloba, a importância da família, a lei diante de proteção as vítimas e a questão da cultura inserida em cada família em relação ao abuso sexual.
A INTANGIBILIDADE DO AMOR
Authors: Luiza Macedo de Araujo Maria
Published: April 2020

Conferência de abertura do XIII Congresso Brasileiro de Sexualidade Humana, realizado em Londrina, em 2011. O tema Amor é contextualizado em diversas épocas e por diferentes abordagens. Há ênfase nas formulações gregas do tema e também na amplitude que a palavra amor significa para a nossa sociedade. O amor não se restringe ao sentimento entre duas pessoas e é visto numa visão de amor ao próximo e de cuidado com todos os seres vivos. Aborda-se a literatura e como o poeta manifesta o seu amor.
SEXUALIDADE DE MULHERES E DE HOMENS EM PRIVAÇÃO DE LIBERDADE
Authors: Vaz Torres Cláudia , Cristina Pereira Fagundes Tereza
Published: April 2020

Este artigo analisa a sexualidade de mulheres e homens reclusos no sistema penitenciário, destacando o posicionamento do sujeito em relação ao objeto de amor, compreendendo que a posição subjetiva em relação ao amor e à sexualidade resultam de construções singulares durante o processo de desenvolvimento e socialização. A base teórica do tema proposto centra-se na abordagem culturalista, social e psicanalítica. Metodologicamente se define como um estudo qualitativo. Como resultados destacam-se que, nas penitenciárias, homens e mulheres podem assumir uma nova identidade sexual; novosmodos de relacionamento são inaugurados; não há fixidez; a paixão amorosa proporciona um sentimento de reparação frente ao vazio e a divisão psíquica e estão presentes nos discursos de modo idealizado. As mulheres declaram, de modo expressivo, suas paixões e suas relações com as outras reclusas, mas continuam a sonhar com homens que lhes garantam proteção e amor.
HOMOSSEXUALIDADE E MAL-ESTAR CONTEMPORÂNEO NA CLÍNICA E NO AMBIENTE SOCIAL
Authors: Cleber Lizardo de Assis  , Angélica Borges Bruna
Published: April 2020

Este artigo trata de uma reflexão sobre o mal-estar contemporâneo que se constitui em torno da homossexualidade, seja na clínica, na saúde e na educação, com base em relatos de fragmentos de um caso clínico de um paciente do gênero masculino em serviço de Clínica-Escola, e que apresentava como queixa dificuldade para se relacionar socialmente devido aos conflitos em torno de sua homossexualidade, além de um quadro fóbico e ideações suicidas. No decorrer dos atendimentos foi identificada uma crise de identidade sexual, tipicamente característica da fase de adolescência, potencializada, principalmnte, devido às pressões sociais e familiares que, em hipótese, se constituíam base para os diversos sofrimentos apresentados. Utiliza-se de conceitos psicanalíticos oriundos da psicanálise e de aportes da Resolução 001/1999 do Conselho Federal de Psicologia para problematizar o estatuto da homossexualidade diantedo discurso científico e social. Conclui-se que antes de se fechar qualquer diagnóstico de um quadro de fobia e outras psicopatologias, faz-se necessário uma discussão sobre o peso culpabilizador atribuído à homossexualidade na atualidade.
TODO CORPO TEM RELAÇÃO. TODA RELAÇÃO TEM CORPO
Authors: Bezerra Jurberg Marise
Published: April 2020

TEIXEIRA, Iracema. Todo corpo tem relação. Toda relação tem corpo. Um estudo sobre a formação e a manutenção dos vínculos afetivo-sexuais, sob a ótica da Psicologia Formativa de Stanley Keleman. Tese de Doutoramento. Departamento de Psicologia da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, 2010.
ESTUDO SOBRE DESENVOLVIMENTO PSICOSSEXUAL INFANTIL NA PERSPECTIVA DA PSICANÁLISE EM CRIANÇAS DE CACOAL-RO
Authors: Paula dos Santos de Freitas Ana , Teixeira Cleide , Businari Elder , Almeida Stheffany , Lizardo de Assis Cleber
Published: April 2020

A sexualidade consiste numa construção social, histórica e cultural que transcende a genitalidade, no entanto, ainda se constitui em assunto tabu, mesmo que, paradoxalmente cercada de um excesso de exposição sob as mais diversas mídias na atualidade. Objetivou-se realizar um estudo sobre o desenvolvimento psicossexual infantil na perspectiva da Psicanálise. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, com base na observação de 04 (quatro) crianças em fase psicossexuais distintas, com aplicação de entrevista semiestruturada a seus pais. Identificou-se a existência das fases psicossexuais das crianças, com as respectivas vivências do Complexo de Édipo, Autoerotismo infantil, Ambivalência de sentimentos em relação aos pais, Complexo de Castração, entre outros conceitos. Já os pais manifestaram surpresa, curiosidade e dificuldade em lidar com o tema da sexualidade dos filhos. Conclui-se, pela constatação de elementos constitutivos da teoria psicanalítica da sexualidade infantil, a dificuldade dos pais em compreender os fenômenos relacionados, o que demanda do psicólogo uma intervenção educativa.
IDEOLOGIAS E SABERES
Authors: Teixeira Iracema
Published: April 2020

Este trabalho apresenta uma reflexão a respeito das relações de gênero e a práxis médica. Para tal, tece considerações, com base em dados históricos, sobre a situação do sistema de saúde no Brasil e uma análise da ideologia que subjaz as condutas preconizadas no atendimento à mulher portadora de neoplasia mamária.
CRITÉRIOS DIAGNÓSTICOS PARA EJACULAÇÃO PRECOCE
Authors: Finotelli Jr. Itor
Published: April 2020

As pesquisas sobre a ejaculação precoce (EP) são dificultadas pela falta de consenso sobre quais critérios a definem como uma disfunção. Observa-se que a mesma dificuldade é encontrada para sua nomenclatura e também que critérios comuns, mas com diferenças substanciais, são propostos pelos sistemas de classificação de doenças. Nesse sentido, este estudo identificou e comparou os critérios utilizados nas pesquisas publicadas em artigos, nas bases de dados Science Citation Index, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, LILACS, SciELO, CLASE. As buscas partiram de palavras-chaves e o período de revisão foi de 2000 a 2013. Os resultados apresentaram um número expressivo de artigos, mas foram considerados aqueles  cuja investigação fosse primária utilizando metodologia científica. Observaram-se quatro critérios principais utilizados que apresentaram diferenças significativas nessa avaliação. O primeiro trata-se do tempoejaculatório, caracterizado como uma mensuração objetiva e útil para triagens, porém sem consenso sobre sua estimativa. O segundo, o senso de controle, apresentou resultados expressivos, todavia caracterizado como uma medida subjetiva. Pesquisas relacionadas a ele demonstraram que homens sem EP relataram um controle bastante elevado sobre a ejaculação em comparação a homens com tempos curtos de latência ejaculatória. Os dois últimos critérios foram a satisfação sexual e o sofrimento, não sendo específico da EP e presentes em todas as disfunções sexuais. Para ambos, a insatisfação foi relatada na existência de uma EP, geralmente, acompanhada de incômodo e dificuldades interpessoais. Os dados apresentados organizaram de maneira sistemática os critérios utilizados na avaliação da EP, uma compilação útil para diferentes frentes de pesquisa.