bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Promicromonospora umidemergens sp. nov., isolated from moisture from indoor wall material
Authors: Martin K. , Schäfer J. , Kämpfer P.
Published: November 2009

A Gram-positive, yellow-pigmented, branched-hyphae-forming micro-organism, strain 09-Be-007T, was isolated from the wall of an indoor environment. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies, strain 09-Be-007Tbelonged to the genusPromicromonospora. The novel isolate showed sequence similarities of 98.8 % toPromicromonospora aerolataV54AT, 98.9 % toPromicromonospora vindobonensisV45T, 98.1 % toPromicromonospora sukumoeDSM 44121T, 98.2 % toPromicromonospora kroppenstedtiiRS16T, 96.7 % toPromicromonospora flavaCC 0387Tand 97.8 % toPromicromonospora citreaDSM 43110T, the type strain of the type species of this genus. Cell wall sugars of strain 09-Be-007Twere galactose, rhamnose and glucose. The diagnostic diamino acid of the cell-wall peptidoglycan was lysine. The major menaquinones detected were MK-9(H4) and MK-9(H6). Major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylinositol. Major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0and anteiso-C15 : 0; moderate amounts of anteiso-C17 : 0, iso-C16 : 0and iso-C15 : 1were also found. All these data supported the affiliation of strain 09-Be-007Tto the genusPromicromonospora. DNA–DNA hybridization values and physiological and biochemical data enabled strain 09-Be-007Tto be differentiated genotypically and phenotypically from the six recognized species of the genusPromicromonospora. For these reasons, strain 09-Be-007Trepresents a novel species, for which the namePromicromonospora umidemergenssp. nov. is proposed, with 09-Be-007T(=DSM 22081T=CCM 7634T) as the type strain.
Evaluation of the phylogenetic position of the sulfate-reducing bacterium Thermodesulfovibrio yellowstonii (phylum Nitrospirae) by means of gene order data from completely sequenced genomes
Authors: Kunisawa Takashi
Published: November 2009

The phylogenetic placement of Thermodesulfovibrio yellowstonii was investigated on the basis of gene order data from completely sequenced bacterial genomes. T. yellowstonii was found to share four gene arrangements characteristic of the Proteobacteria, Aquificae, Planctomycetes, Spirochaetes, Bacteroidetes, Chlorobi, Acidobacteria, Verrucomicrobia and termite group 1, the presence of which defines superphylum 2. The remaining phyla show sets of alternative gene arrangements and form superphylum 1. An analysis of conserved gene pairs showed that the overall genome organization of T. yellowstonii is most similar to that of deltaproteobacteria. Three arrangements that suggest gene translocations were identified that are likely to have occurred in a common ancestor of T. yellowstonii and the Proteobacteria exclusive of virtually all other major bacterial phyla. The translocation events suggest the closest evolutionary relationship between T. yellowstonii and the Proteobacteria.
Kistimonas asteriae gen. nov., sp. nov., a gammaproteobacterium isolated from Asterias amurensis
Authors: Choi Eun Ju , Kwon Hak Cheol , Sohn Young Chang , Yang Hyun Ok
Published: November 2009

A novel marine bacterium, strain KMD 001T, was isolated from the starfishAsterias amurensis, which inhabits the East Sea of Korea. Strain KMD 001Twas aerobic, light-yellow pigmented and Gram-stain-negative. Analyses of the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain KMD 001Trepresents a novel lineage within the classGammaproteobacteria. Strain KMD 001Tis closely related to the generaEndozoicomonasandZooshikella, which belong to the familyHahellaceaeand to the orderOceanospirillales. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain KMD 001Tshows similarities of approximately 91.8–94.6 % with the above-mentioned genera. The DNA G+C content of KMD 001Tis 47.6 mol%. It contains Q-9 as the major isoprenoid quinone. The predominant fatty acids were determined to be anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C14 : 0and iso-C16 : 0. Strain KMD 001Tshould be assigned to a novel bacterial genus within the classGammaproteobacteriabased on its phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic characteristics. The nameKistimonas asteriaegen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KMD 001T(=KCCM 90076T=JCM 15607T).
Endozoicomonas montiporae sp. nov., isolated from the encrusting pore coral Montipora aequituberculata
Authors: Yang Cho-Song , Chen Ming-Hui , Arun A. B. , Chen Chaolun Allen , Wang Jih-Terng , Chen Wen-Ming
Published: November 2009

A Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain CL-33T, was isolated from the encrusting pore coral Montipora aequituberculata collected from seawater off the coast of southern Taiwan. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the strain clustered closely with Endozoicomonas elysicola MKT110T (96.7 % similarity). The novel strain required NaCl for growth and exhibited optimal growth at 25 °C and in the presence of 2–3 % NaCl. Predominant cellular fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1
ω7c and/or C16 : 1
ω6c; 39.6 %), summed feature 8 (C18 : 1
ω7c and/or C18 : 1
ω6c; 32.8 %) and C16 : 0 (12.0 %). The DNA G+C content of strain CL-33T was 50.0 mol%. The results of physiological and biochemical tests allowed the clear phenotypic differentiation of this isolate from E.
elysicola. It is evident from the genotypic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data presented that strain CL-33T represents a novel species of the genus Endozoicomonas, for which the name Endozoicomonas montiporae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CL-33T (=LMG 24815T =BCRC 17933T).
Leifsonia soli sp. nov., a yellow-pigmented actinobacterium isolated from teak rhizosphere soil
Authors: Madhaiyan Munusamy , Poonguzhali Selvaraj , Lee Jung-Sook , Senthilkumar Murugaiyan , Lee Keun Chul , Sundaram Subbiah
Published: November 2009

Two yellow-pigmented, Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, motile, short rod-shaped bacteria were isolated from natural teak tree rhizosphere soil and their taxonomic positions were determined by using a polyphasic approach. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strains TG-S248T and TG-S240 formed a distinct phyletic line within the genus Leifsonia. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of strain TG-S248T with sequences from Leifsonia shinshuensis DB 102T, L. poae VKM Ac-1401T, L. naganoensis DB 103T, L. aquatica DSM 20146T and L. xyli subsp. cynodontis JCM 9733T revealed pairwise similarities ranging from 98.7 to 99.1 %. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. The G+C content of the DNA of the type strain was 69.4 mol%. DNA–DNA hybridization experiments revealed low levels of DNA–DNA relatedness (32 % or less) between strain TG-S248T and its closest relatives. Based on differences in phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, strain TG-S248T (=LMG 24767T =JCM 15679T) is designated the type strain of a novel species of the genus Leifsonia, for which the name Leifsonia soli sp. nov. is proposed.
Pseudofulvimonas gallinarii gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family Xanthomonadaceae
Authors: Kämpfer Peter , Martin Elena , Lodders Nicole , Langer Stefan , Schumann Peter , Jäckel Udo , Busse Hans-Jürgen
Published: November 2009

A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, oxidase-positive, non-spore-forming bacterium (Sa15T) was isolated from the air in a duck barn. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies, the organism was grouped into the class gammaproteobacteria in the neighbourhood of the genusFulvimonas. The quinone system consisted exclusively of ubiquinone Q-8. The polar lipid profile was mainly composed of the major lipids diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine, and moderate amounts of phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified lipid. This profile was substantially different from that ofFulvimonas soliLMG 19981Texamined concurrently. The polyamine pattern showed the predominant amine spermidine. Major fatty acids (iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 1ω9cand iso-C17 : 0) were in agreement with its phylogenetic affiliation in the vicinity ofFulvimonas; however, differences in the polar lipid and fatty acid patterns and the polyamine profiles could be observed as well. On the basis of DNA–DNA pairing results, chemotaxonomic data and physiological and biochemical data, the strain can be clearly differentiated fromFulvimonas soli. It is evident that this organism represents a novel genus, for which the namePseudofulvimonas gallinariigen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain Sa15T(=DSM 21944T=CCM 7599T).
Description of Olleya aquimaris sp. nov., isolated from seawater, and emended description of the genus Olleya Mancuso Nichols et al. 2005
Authors: Lee Soo-Young , Park Sooyeon , Oh Tae-Kwang , Yoon Jung-Hoon
Published: November 2009

A Gram-stain-negative, non-flagellated, motile (by gliding), yellow-pigmented, rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated L-4T, was isolated from seawater of Baekdo harbour in the East Sea, Korea. Strain L-4T grew optimally at 37 °C, at pH 6.5–7.0 and in the presence of 2 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain L-4T clustered with Olleya marilimosa CAM030T, a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae. Strain L-4T exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 97.2 % to O. marilimosa CAM030T and less than 95.8 % to other members of the family Flavobacteriaceae. Strain L-4T and O. marilimosa CIP 108537T contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone. The fatty acid and polar lipid profiles of strain L-4T were similar to those of O. marilimosa CIP 108537T. The DNA G+C content of strain L-4T was 35 mol% and DNA–DNA relatedness between strain L-4T and O. marilimosa CIP 108537T was 7 %. Differential phenotypic properties, together with its phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness, enable strain L-4T to be distinguished from O. marilimosa. On the basis of these data, strain L-4T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Olleya for which the name Olleya aquimaris sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is L-4T (=KCTC 22661T =CCUG 58074T). An emended description of the genus Olleya is also provided.
Luteimicrobium subarcticum gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the suborder Micrococcineae
Authors: Hamada Moriyuki , Otoguro Misa , Yamamura Hideki , Tamura Tomohiko , Suzuki Ken-ichiro , Hayakawa Masayuki
Published: November 2009

A novel Gram-stain-positive bacterium, designated R19-04T, was isolated from a soil sample from Rishiri Island, Japan, and its taxonomic position was investigated by a polyphasic approach. Cells of strain R19-04T exhibited a rod–coccus cycle. The peptidoglycan type of the isolate was A4α; lysine was the diagnostic diamino acid. The predominant menaquinone was MK-8(H2) and the major fatty acid was anteiso-C15 : 0. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. The DNA G+C content was 72.9 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain R19-04T represented a novel member of the suborder Micrococcineae. Its nearest phylogenetic neighbours were the members of the genus Oerskovia, with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 97.0–97.1 %. However, strain R19-04T was clearly distinguishable from members of the genus Oerskovia and phylogenetically related genera in terms of chemotaxonomic characteristics. On the basis of the chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics, a novel genus and species are proposed, Luteimicrobium subarcticum gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of Luteimicrobium subarcticum is R19-04T (=NBRC 105647T =DSM 22413T).
Fervidicella metallireducens gen. nov., sp. nov., a thermophilic, anaerobic bacterium from geothermal waters
Authors: Ogg Christopher D. , Patel Bharat K. C.
Published: November 2009

A strictly anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium, designated strain AeBT, was isolated from microbial mats colonizing a run-off channel formed by free-flowing thermal water from a bore well (registered number 17263) of the Great Artesian Basin, Australia. Cells of strain AeBTwere slightly curved rods (2.5–6.0×1.0 μm) that stained Gram-negative and formed spherical terminal to subterminal spores. The strain grew optimally in tryptone–yeast extract–Casamino acids medium at 50 °C (range 37–55 °C) and pH 7 (range pH 5–9). Strain AeBTgrew poorly on yeast extract (0.2 %) and tryptone (0.2 %) as sole carbon sources, which were obligately required for growth on other energy sources. Growth of strain AeBTincreased in the presence of various carbohydrates and amino acids, but not organic acids. End products detected from glucose fermentation were ethanol, acetate, CO2and H2. In the presence of 0.2 % yeast extract, iron(III), manganese(IV), vanadium(V) and cobalt(III) were reduced, but not sulfate, thiosulfate, sulfite, elemental sulfur, nitrate or nitrite. Iron(III) was also reduced in the presence of tryptone, peptone, Casamino acids and amyl media (Research Achievement), but not starch, xylan, chitin, glycerol, ethanol, pyruvate, benzoate, lactate, acetate, propionate, succinate, glycine, serine, lysine, threonine, arginine, glutamate, valine, leucine, histidine, alanine, aspartate, isoleucine or methionine. Growth was inhibited by chloramphenicol, streptomycin, tetracycline, penicillin, ampicillin and NaCl concentrations >2 %. The DNA G+C content was 35.4±1 mol%, as determined by the thermal denaturation method. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain AeBTis a member of the familyClostridiaceae, classClostridia,phylum ‘Firmicutes’, and is positioned approximately equidistantly between the generaSarcina,Anaerobacter,CaloramatorandClostridium(16S rRNA gene similarity values of 87.8–90.9 %). On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons and physiological characteristics, strain AeBTis considered to represent a novel species in a new genus, for which the nameFervidicellametallireducensgen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is AeBT(=JCM 15555T=KCTC 5667T).
Pseudomonas taiwanensis sp. nov., isolated from soil
Authors: Wang Li-Ting , Tai Chun-Ju , Wu Yen-Chi , Chen Ying-Bei , Lee Fwu-Ling , Wang San-Lang
Published: November 2009

A novel Gram-negative, rod-shaped, motile, non-spore-forming bacterial strain, CMST, isolated from soil was characterized using phenotypic and molecular taxonomic methods. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the organism belongs phylogenetically to the genusPseudomonas.Pseudomonas monteilii,P. plecoglossicidaandP. mosseliiwere the most closely related species, with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to the respective type strains of 99.79, 99.73 and 99.59 %. Relatively lowgyrBgene sequence similarities (<90 %) and DNA–DNA reassociation values (<51 %) were obtained between the strain and its phylogenetically closest neighbours. The G+C content of strain CMSTwas 62.7 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7cand/or iso-C15 : 02-OH), C16 : 0and C10 : 03-OH. Based on the phenotypic and genetic evidence, the strain is suggested to represent a novel species, for which the namePseudomonas taiwanensissp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CMST(=BCRC 17751T=DSM 21245T).
Herbidospora yilanensis sp. nov. and Herbidospora daliensis sp. nov., from sediment
Authors: Tseng M. , Yang S.-F. , Yuan G.-F.
Published: November 2009

Two actinomycete strains, 0351M-12T and 0385M-1T, were isolated from sediment samples collected from Yilan County and Dali City in Taiwan, respectively. The two isolates displayed characteristics which were similar to those of the genus Herbidospora. They both produced branched and unfragmented substrate mycelia, and aerial hyphae were not produced on Bennett's, glucose-asparagine, Hickey-Tresner, sucrose-nitrate, yeast extract-malt extract, or inorganic salts-starch agars. Short spore-chains were borne on the tips of sporophores arising from the substrate mycelia on oatmeal and oatmeal-nitrate agars. The spore chains contained 10–20 non-motile, smooth-surfaced, oval spores. Galactose, glucose, mannose and madurose were the whole-cell sugars in both strains and meso-diaminopimelic acid was present in their peptidoglycans. The phospholipid pattern was PIV. The predominant menaquinone was MK-10(H4) in both strains. Mycolic acids were not detected. Major cellular fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0 and 10-methyl C17 : 0. The DNA G+C contents of the two new isolates were 70.6 mol% (0351M-12T) and 70.7 mol% (0385M-1T), respectively. The relatedness between the isolates and Herbidospora cretacea NBRC 15474T was 40.7–48.5 %. The value of DNA–DNA hybridization between strain 0351M-12T and strain 0385M-1T was 53.6–54.9 %. These two isolates could also be distinguished from each other and from H. cretacea NBRC 15474T by differences in several phenotypic characteristics. We therefore propose the names Herbidospora yilanensis sp. nov. and Herbidospora daliensis sp. nov. for these novel bacteria, with strains 0351M-12T (=FIRDI 003T =BCRC 16875T =LMG 24337T) and 0385M-1T (=FIRDI 004T =BCRC 16876T =LMG 24336T) as the type strains, respectively.
Nonomuraea rosea sp. nov.
Authors: Kämpfer Peter , Busse Hans-Jürgen , Tindall Brian J. , Nimtz Manfred , Grün-Wollny Iris
Published: November 2009

A Gram-positively staining, aerobic, non-motile actinomycete, strain GW 12687T, that formed rose-pigmented colonies and branched substrate and aerial mycelia was studied in detail for its taxonomic position. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies, strain GW 12687T was grouped into the genus Nonomuraea, being most closely related to Nonomuraea dietziae (97.6 %), Nonomuraea africana (97.1 %), and Nonomuraea kuesteri (97.1 %). The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to other species of the genus Nonomuraea was ≤97 %. The chemotaxonomic characterization supported allocation of the strain to the genus Nonomuraea. The major menaquinone was MK-9(H4) with minor amounts of MK-9(H2), MK-9(H6), MK-9(H0) and MK-8(H4). The polar lipid profile contained the major compound diphosphatidylglycerol, moderate amounts of phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, hydroxy-phosphatidylethanolamine, hydroxy-phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, and an unknown aminophosphoglycolipid. Phosphatidylinositol mannosides and phosphatidylinositol were also present. The major fatty acids were iso- and anteiso- and 10-methyl-branched fatty acids. The results of physiological and biochemical tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain GW 12687T from closely related species. Thus, GW 12687T represents a novel species of the genus Nonomuraea, for which the name Nonomuraea rosea sp. nov. is proposed, with GW 12687T (=DSM 45177T =CCUG 56107T) as the type strain.
Tsukamurella soli sp. nov., isolated from soil
Authors: Weon Hang-Yeon , Yoo Seung-Hee , Anandham Rangasamy , Schumann Peter , Kroppenstedt Reiner M. , Kwon Soon-Wo , Stackebrandt Erko
Published: November 2009

A Gram-positive, rod-shaped, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, white-coloured bacterium, designated strain JS18-1T, was isolated from a soil sample collected from Halla mountain, Jeju island, Korea. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the strain was most closely related to members of the genus Tsukamurella with levels of sequence similarity of 95.4–96.5 %. Strain JS18-1T shared highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Tsukamurella strandjordii DSM 44573T (96.5 %), Tsukamurella carboxydivorans Y2T (96.4 %) and Tsukamurella tyrosinosolvens DSM 44234T (96.4 %). The G+C content of the total DNA of strain JS18-1T was 70 mol%. The cell-wall peptidoglycan type was A1γ and mycolic acids were also detected. The predominant polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol. The major quinone was menaquinone-9 (MK-9) and major cell-wall sugars were arabinose, ribose and glucose. The major fatty acids (>10 % of the total fatty acids) were C16 : 0, C18 : 1
ω9c, C18 : 0 10-methyl and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1
ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and chemotaxonomic, biochemical and physiological characteristics indicate that strain JS18-1T represents a novel species of the genus Tsukamurella, for which the name Tsukamurella soli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JS18-1T (=KACC 20764T=DSM 45046T).
Halogranum rubrum gen. nov., sp. nov., a halophilic archaeon isolated from a marine solar saltern
Authors: Cui Heng-Lin , Gao Xia , Sun Fang-Fang , Dong Ying , Xu Xue-Wei , Zhou Yu-Guang , Liu Hong-Can , Oren Aharon , Zhou Pei-Jin
Published: November 2009

Two extremely halophilic archaea, strains RO2-11T and HO2-1, were isolated from two Chinese marine solar salterns, Rudong solar saltern and Haimen solar saltern, respectively. Cells of the two strains were polymorphic and Gram-stain-negative; colonies were red-pigmented. The two strains grew at NaCl concentrations of 2.6–4.3 M (optimum 3.9 M) and required at least 0.1 M Mg2+ for growth. They were able to grow over a pH range of 6.0–8.0 and a temperature range of 20–50 °C, with optimal pH of 7.5 and optimal temperature of 37 °C. The major polar lipids of strain RO2-11T and strain HO2-1 were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester and three glycolipids, two of them chromatographically identical to S-DGD-1 and DGD-1, the third unidentified. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of strain RO2-11T and strain HO2-1 was 99.3 % and highest sequence similarity with the closest relative (Haloferax larsenii) was 91.4 %. Based on the data obtained, the two isolates could not be classified in any recognized genus of the family Halobacteriaceae. Strain RO2-11T and strain HO2-1 are thus considered to represent a novel species of a new genus within the family Halobacteriaceae, for which the name Halogranum rubrum gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is RO2-11T (=CGMCC 1.7738T =JCM 15772T).
Enterorhabdus caecimuris sp. nov., a member of the family Coriobacteriaceae isolated from a mouse model of spontaneous colitis, and emended description of the genus Enterorhabdus Clavel et al. 2009
Authors: Clavel Thomas , Duck Wayne , Charrier Cédric , Wenning Mareike , Elson Charles , Haller Dirk
Published: November 2009

The C3H/HeJBir mouse model of intestinal inflammation was used for isolation of a Gram-positive, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacterium (B7T) from caecal suspensions. On the basis of partial 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain B7T was a member of the class Actinobacteria, family Coriobacteriaceae, and was related closely to Enterorhabdus mucosicola Mt1B8T (97.6 %). The major fatty acid of strain B7T was C16 : 0 (19.1 %) and the respiratory quinones were mono- and dimethylated. Cells were aerotolerant, but grew only under anoxic conditions. Strain B7T did not convert the isoflavone daidzein and was resistant to cefotaxime. The results of DNA–DNA hybridization experiments and additional physiological and biochemical tests allowed the genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain B7T from the type strain of E. mucosicola. Therefore, strain B7T represents a novel species, for which the name Enterorhabdus caecimuris sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is B7T (=DSM 21839T =CCUG 56815T).
Candida laoshanensis sp. nov. and Candida qingdaonensis sp. nov., anamorphic, ascomycetous yeast species isolated from decayed wood
Authors: Wang Shi-An , Li Fu-Li , Bai Feng-Yan
Published: November 2009

During a study of newly isolated yeast strains utilizing d-xylose as sole carbon source, eight strains, isolated from decayed wood, were found to represent two novel anamorphic, ascomycetous yeast species based on sequence analysis of the 26S rDNA D1/D2 domain and internal transcribed spacer region, and phenotypic characterization. The names Candida laoshanensis sp. nov. (type strain MLRW 6-2T=AS 2.4030T=CBS 11389T) and Candida qingdaonensis sp. nov. (type strain MLRW 7-1T=AS 2.4031T=CBS 11390T) are proposed for these two novel species; the closest relatives of the two novel species are Candida pomicola and Candida marilandica, respectively.
Muriicola jejuensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from seawater
Authors: Kahng Hyung-Yeel , Lee Sang-Suk , Kim Jeong Myeong , Jung Ji Young , Lee Mee Young , Park Woojun , Jeon Che Ok
Published: November 2009

An aerobic, yellow–orange-pigmented, Gram-staining-negative bacterium, designated strain EM44T, was isolated from seawater on the eastern coast of Jeju Island, Korea. Growth was observed at 15–35 °C (optimum 25–30 °C), pH 6.5–9.0 (optimum pH 7.0–8.5) and between 1 and 5 % NaCl (w/v) (optimum 2–4 %). Cells of strain EM44Twere non-motile, straight rods and showed catalase and oxidase activities. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 47.9 mol% and the major respiratory quinone was MK-6. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0G, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 03-OH and iso-C16 : 03-OH. Strain EM44Tcontained phosphatidylethanolamine as a major polar phospholipid. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain EM44Tfell within the familyFlavobacteriaceaein the phylumBacteroidetesand was most closely related to members of the generaEudoraea,ZeaxanthinibacterandRobiginitaleawith 92–94.5 % gene sequence similarities. On the basis of chemotaxonomic data and molecular properties, it is clear that strain EM44Trepresents a novel genus within the familyFlavobacteriaceae,for which the nameMuriicola jejuensisgen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is EM44T(=KCTC 22299T=DSM 21206T).
Streptomyces iranensis sp. nov., isolated from soil
Authors: Hamedi Javad , Mohammadipanah Fatemeh , Klenk Hans-Peter , Pötter Gabriele , Schumann Peter , Spröer Cathrin , von Jan Mathias , Kroppenstedt Reiner M.
Published: November 2009

A novel streptomycete, designated strain HM 35T, was isolated from soil in Isfahan city, Iran. Strain HM 35T produced a branched substrate mycelium and aerial hyphae that developed into short, compact, spiral spore chains with grey rugose spores at the tips of the aerial hyphae. On some media, these spirals coalesced into dark masses of spores with age. Whole-cell hydrolysates of strain HM 35T contained ll-diaminopimelic acid, glucose and ribose. Phospholipids detected were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol mannosides, hydroxy-phosphatidylethanolamine, lyso-phosphatidylethanolamine and hydroxy-lyso-phosphatidylethanolamine. MK-9(H4), MK-9(H6) and MK-9(H8) were the predominant menaquinones. The major fatty acids were iso- and anteiso-branched components. The chemotaxonomic characteristics of the novel isolate matched those described for members of the genus Streptomyces. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain HM 35T showed highest similarity to Streptomyces rapamycinicus NRRL 5491T (99.2 %), Streptomyces violaceusniger DSM 40563T (99.1 %), Streptomyces javensis DSM 41764T (99.1 %) and Streptomyces yogyakartensis DSM 41766T (99.1 %). The novel strain formed a distinct monophyletic line within the 16S rRNA gene sequence tree. The level of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain HM 35T and the type strain of S. rapamycinicus was 72.7 %. Strain HM 35T showed the typical morphology found among members of the S. violaceusniger/Streptomyces hygroscopicus group but could be clearly differentiated from closely related species based on other phenotypic markers. Phenotypic and genotypic data thus indicate that strain HM 35T represents a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces iranensis is proposed. The type strain is HM 35T (=DSM 41954T=CCUG 57623T).
Lentibacillus persicus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic species isolated from a saline lake
Authors: Sánchez-Porro C. , Amoozegar M. A. , Fernandez A. B. , Babavalian fard H. , Ramezani M. , Ventosa A.
Published: November 2009

A Gram-staining-positive, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain Amb31T, was isolated from water of the hypersaline lake Aran-Bidgol in Iran and characterized taxonomically using a polyphasic approach. Cells were rods, motile and able to produce ellipsoidal endospores at a central position in swollen sporangia. Strain Amb31Twas facultatively anaerobic and catalase- and oxidase-positive. The strain grew in a complex medium supplemented with 3–25 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 7.5–10 %). Optimal growth was at 30–35 °C and pH 7.5. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons showed that strain Amb31Tbelonged to the genusLentibacillus; it exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 96.8 and 96.4 % toLentibacillus salicampiSF-20TandLentibacillus salinarumAHS-1T, respectively, and values of 95.9–94.7 % to the type strains of other recognized species ofLentibacillus. The cell-wall peptidoglycan of strain Amb31Twas based onmeso-diaminopimelic acid and MK-7 was the respiratory isoprenoid quinone. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0(44.7 %), iso-C16 : 0(21.4 %) and anteiso-C17 : 0(15.9 %) and the polar lipid pattern consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, five phospholipids and a glycolipid. The DNA G+C content was 44.1 mol%. All these features confirmed the placement of strain Amb31Twithin the genusLentibacillusand the strain could be clearly differentiated from strains of the other species ofLentibacilluson the basis of several phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic features. DNA–DNA relatedness with the type strain of the most closely related strain,L. salicampiDSM 16425T, was 28 %. Therefore, strain Amb31Trepresents a novel species of the genusLentibacillus, for which the nameLentibacillus persicussp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Amb31T(=CCM 7683T=CECT 7524T=DSM 22530T=LMG 25304T).
Massilia jejuensis sp. nov. and Naxibacter suwonensis sp. nov., isolated from air samples
Authors: Weon Hang-Yeon , Yoo Seung-Hee , Kim Soo-Jin , Kim Yi-Seul , Anandham Rangasamy , Kwon Soon-Wo
Published: November 2009

Two Gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped bacteria (strains 5317J-18T and 5414S-25T) were isolated from air samples collected in the Jeju Island and Suwon region of Korea, respectively. Phylogenetically, strain 5317J-18T was grouped with the genus Massilia with Massilia brevitalea byr23-80T as the closest relative (98.8 % sequence similarity). Strain 5414S-25T was affiliated with the genus Naxibacter with Naxibacter haematophilus CCUG 38318T as the closest relative (98.8 % sequence similarity). The mean DNA–DNA relatedness values between strain 5317J-18T and M. brevitalea DSM 18925T and Massilia aurea DSM 18055T were 43 and 36 %, respectively. The mean DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain 5414S-25T and N. haematophilus KACC 13771T, M. brevitalea DSM 18925T, Massilia timonae DSM 16850T, Naxibacter varians KACC 13770T, M. aurea DSM 18055T, Massilia lutea DSM 17473T and Massilia albidiflava DSM 17472T ranged from 33 to 42 %. Both novel strains had ubiquinone Q-8 as the predominant isoprenoid quinone and summed feature 3 (comprising iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1
ω7c) and C16 : 0 as the major fatty acids. Both strains also showed similar polar lipid profiles with phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol as the major polar lipids. The DNA G+C contents of strains 5317J-18T and 5414S-25T were 66.1 and 67.8 %, respectively. On the basis of their phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic characteristics, the new strains represent novel species in the genera Massilia and Naxibacter. Strain 5317J-18T (=KACC 12634T=DSM 21309T) is proposed as the type strain of Massilia jejuensis sp. nov. and strain 5414S-25T (=KACC 12635T=DSM 21311T) is proposed as the type strain of Naxibacter suwonensis sp. nov.
Pseudoclavibacter chungangensis sp. nov., isolated from activated sludge
Authors: Cho Sung-Lim , Jung Min Young , Park Mi-Hak , Chang Young-Hyo , Yoon Jung-Hoon , Myung Soon Chul , Kim Wonyong
Published: November 2009

The taxonomic position of a Gram-positive, non-spore-forming strain, designated CAU 59T, from activated sludge was investigated. Colony morphology, biochemical tests and chemotaxonomic investigations revealed that strain CAU 59Tpossessed the characteristics of the genusPseudoclavibacter. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed sequence divergence values between strain CAU 59Tand other describedPseudoclavibacterspecies of more than 3.6 %, and the strain formed a hitherto-unknown subline within the genusPseudoclavibacter. DNA–DNA hybridization studies showed that strain CAU 59Tdisplayed 20.9 % relatedness to its closest phylogenetic neighbour,Pseudoclavibacter helvolusDSM 20419T. The DNA G+C content was 66.2 mol%. The phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic data indicated that strain CAU 59Trepresents a novel species of the genusPseudoclavibacter, for which the namePseudoclavibacter chungangensissp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CAU 59T(=KCTC 22691T=CCUG 58142T).
Erythrobacter gangjinensis sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from seawater
Authors: Lee Young Sun , Lee Dong-Heon , Kahng Hyung-Yeel , Kim Eun Mi , Jung Jae Sung
Published: November 2009

A novel Gram-negative, aerobic, orange-pigmented bacterial strain, designated K7-2T, was isolated from seawater of Gangjin Bay, Korea, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain K7-2Tcontained ubiquinone-10 (Q-10) as the predominant respiratory lipoquinone and did not produce bacteriochlorophylla. Major fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c(51.4 %), iso-C15 : 02-OH and/or C16 : 1ω7c(15.0 %) and C17 : 1ω6c(8.8 %). Major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine. The DNA G+C content was 61.6 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain K7-2Tformed a distinct phylogenetic lineage within the cluster comprisingErythrobacterstrains. Similarities between the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strain K7-2Tand the type strains ofErythrobacterspecies ranged from 95.0 % (Erythrobacter litoralisDSM 8509T) to 96.8 % (Erythrobacter citreusRE35F/1T). On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic data, strain K7-2T(=KCTC 22330T=JCM 15420T) is classified in a novel species within the genusErythrobacter, for which the nameErythrobacter gangjinensissp. nov. is proposed.
Microbacterium azadirachtae sp. nov., a plant-growth-promoting actinobacterium isolated from the rhizoplane of neem seedlings
Authors: Madhaiyan Munusamy , Poonguzhali Selvaraj , Lee Jung-Sook , Lee Keun-Chul , Saravanan Venkatakrishnan Sivaraj , Santhanakrishnan Palani
Published: November 2009

Microbacterium strain AI-S262T was isolated from the rhizoplane of neem seedlings in the Botanical garden of Tamilnadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India, and subjected to phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genetic characterization. Cells of this strain were Gram-stain-positive, motile, non-spore-forming, short rods and formed light-yellow-pigmented colonies on nutrient agar. Strain AI-S262T contained MK-12 and MK-13 as the main respiratory quinones, anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 as the predominant fatty acids, peptidoglycan-type B2β with glycolyl residues, and had a DNA G+C content of 69.5 mol%. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed 98.0–98.6 % pair-wise similarity with respect to close relatives in the genus Microbacterium. DNA–DNA hybridization experiments revealed a low level of DNA–DNA relatedness (less than 39%) between strain AI-S262T and its closest relatives. Data from DNA–DNA hybridization and phenotypic analyses supported the conclusion that strain AI-S262T represents a novel species in the genus Microbacterium, for which the name Microbacterium azadirachtae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is AI-S262T (=JCM 15681T =LMG 24772T =KCTC 19668T).
Actinomyces hominis sp. nov., isolated from a wound swab
Authors: Funke Guido , Englert Ralf , Frodl Reinhard , Bernard Kathryn A. , Stenger Steffen
Published: November 2009

A coryneform bacterium (strain 1094T) was isolated from a wound swab taken from an 89-year-old female patient. Chemotaxonomic investigations suggested that this bacterium was related to the generaActinomyces,ArcanobacteriumandActinobaculum. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain 1094Twas most closely related toActinomyces europaeusCCUG 32789 AT(94.3 % similarity). Phenotypically, the isolate could be separated from its closest phylogenetic neighbours on the basis of being positive for catalase, CAMP reaction, acid phosphatase,N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase and raffinose fermentation. Based on the data presented, it is proposed that strain 1094Tshould be classified in a novel species,Actinomyces hominissp. nov. The type strain is 1094T(=CCUG 57540T=DSM 22168T).
Wickerhamomyces patagonicus sp. nov., an ascomycetous yeast species from Patagonia, Argentina
Authors: de García Virginia , Brizzio Silvia , Libkind Diego , Rosa Carlos A. , van Broock María
Published: November 2009

Eight strains of a novel yeast species were isolated from tree saps of ‘Coihue’ (Nothofagus dombeyi, Nothofagaceae) and glacial meltwater (Castaño Overo River) in the Nahuel Huapi National Park, Patagonia, Argentina. The sequences of the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit of the rRNA gene showed that this novel yeast species belongs to the Wickerhamomyces genus (Order Saccharomycetales, Family Wickerhamomycetaceae). The closest related species were Candida ponderosae and Wickerhamomyces chambardii. Wickerhamomyces patagonicus sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate these novel strains, with the type strain CRUB 1724T (=CBS 11398T =JCM 16381T).
Murinocardiopsis flavida gen. nov., sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from indoor walls
Authors: Kämpfer P. , Schäfer J. , Lodders N. , Martin K.
Published: November 2009

Two Gram-stain-positive, mycelium-forming actinobacteria (strains 14-Be-013Tand 02-Gi-014) were isolated from walls colonized with moulds and studied taxonomically. The isolates formed yellowish-pigmented substrate mycelium showing no fragmentation. Comparative analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that these bacteria are most closely related to genera within the familyNocardiopsaceae, but form a separate lineage within this family. Highest sequence similarities were to the type strains ofMarinactinospora thermotolerans(96.0 % to 14-Be-013T),Nocardiopsis dassonvilleisubsp.albirubidaandNocardiopsis lucentensis(both 95.3 % to 14-Be-013T). Whole-cell hydrolysates containedmeso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid of the cell wall and no diagnostic sugars. Mycolic acids were absent. The major menaquinones were MK-10(H4), MK-11(H4) and MK-12(H2). The polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylcholine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and unknown lipids. Major fatty acids iso-C16 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0and C18 : 1ω9csupported the affiliation of these isolates to the familyNocardiopsaceae. Phenotypic analysis (including chemotaxonomy) further differentiated strains 14-Be-013Tand 02-Gi-014 from the most closely related members of the generaMarinactinosporaandNocardiopsis. Since the two strains form a distinct lineage in the 16S rRNA gene sequence-based phylogenetic tree, the novel genusMurinocardiopsisgen. nov. with the type speciesMurinocardiopsis flavidasp. nov. is proposed. The type strain ofMurinocardiopsis flavidais 14-Be-013T(=DSM 45312T=CCM 7612T).
Candida halmiae sp. nov., Geotrichum ghanense sp. nov. and Candida awuaii sp. nov., isolated from Ghanaian cocoa fermentations
Authors: Nielsen Dennis S. , Jakobsen Mogens , Jespersen Lene
Published: November 2009

During an investigation of the microbiology of Ghanaian cocoa fermentations, a number of yeast isolates with unusual pheno- and genotypic properties representing three possible novel species were isolated. Members of Group A divided by multilateral budding and ascospores were not produced. Group B strains produced true hyphae and ascospores were not produced. Group C representatives divided by budding and formed chains and star-like aggregates. Ascospores were not produced. Sequence analysis of the 26S rRNA gene (D1/D2 region) revealed that the Group A isolates were phylogenetically most closely related to Saturnispora mendoncae (gene sequence similarity 92.4 %), Saturnispora besseyi (88.8 %), Saturnispora saitoi (88.8 %) and Saturnispora ahearnii (88.3 %). Members of Group B were most closely related to representatives of the genera Dipodascus and Galactomyces and the asporogenous genus Geotrichum, but in all cases with 26S rRNA gene (D1/D2 region) similarities below 87 %. For Group C, the most closely related species were Candida rugopelliculosa (92.4 %), Pichia occidentalis (91.6 %) and Pichia exigua (91.9 %). The very low gene sequence similarities obtained for the three groups of isolates clearly indicated that they represented novel species. Repetitive Palindromic PCR (Rep-PCR) of the isolates and their closest phylogenetic relatives confirmed that the new isolates belonged to previously undescribed species. In conclusion, based on the genetic and phenotypic results, the new isolates were considered to represent three novel species, for which the names Candida halmiae (group A, type strain G3T=CBS 11009T=CCUG 56721T); Geotrichum ghanense (group B, type strain G6T=CBS 11010T=CCUG 56722T) and Candida awuaii (group C, type strain G15T=CBS 11011T=CCUG 56723T) are proposed.
Persicobacter psychrovividus sp. nov., isolated from shellfish, and emended descriptions of the genus Persicobacter and Persicobacter diffluens
Authors: Muramatsu Yuki , Takahashi Mai , Kaneyasu Mika , Iino Takao , Suzuki Ken-ichiro , Nakagawa Yasuyoshi
Published: November 2009

The taxonomic position of three bacterial strains, Asr22-19T, NBRC 101035 and NBRC 101041, isolated from shellfish in Japan, was determined by using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The strains were facultatively anaerobic, motile by gliding and Gram-staining-negative slender rods. Their major respiratory quinone was menaquinone-7 and their predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, iso-C15 : 0 3-OH, C16 : 0 3-OH, and C16 : 0. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 42.0–42.7 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strains clustered with the genus Persicobacter in the family ‘Flammeovirgaceae’. DNA–DNA relatedness values were higher than 68 % among strains Asr22-19T, NBRC 101035 and NBRC 101041, and were lower than 28 % between strain Asr22-19T and Persicobacter diffluens NBRC 15940T. The three novel strains could be differentiated from Persicobacter diffluens by several phenotypic characteristics. On the basis of these results, the novel species Persicobacter psychrovividus sp. nov. (type strain Asr22-19T=NBRC 101262T=CIP 109100T) is proposed and emended descriptions are given for the genus Persicobacter and for Persicobacter diffluens.
Marinicella litoralis gen. nov., sp. nov., a gammaproteobacterium isolated from coastal seawater
Authors: Romanenko Lyudmila A. , Tanaka Naoto , Frolova Galina M. , Mikhailov Valery V.
Published: November 2009

A Gram-negative, aerobic, greyish–yellowish-pigmented, stenohaline, rod-shaped, non-motile bacterium, strain KMM 3900T, was isolated from a coastal seawater sample collected from the Sea of Japan. Based on phylogenetic analysis, strain KMM 3900T was positioned within the Gammaproteobacteria on a separate branch adjacent to members of the genera Reinekea and Kangiella, sharing less than 88 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with all recognized species of the Gammaproteobacteria. The major isoprenoid quinone was Q-8. Polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and two unknown phospholipids. Fatty acid analysis revealed iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 1
ω7c and C16 : 0 as the dominant components. The DNA G+C content was 43.8 mol%. Based on its unique phenotypic characteristics and phylogenetic remoteness, marine isolate KMM 3900T is considered to represent a novel genus and species, for which the name Marinicella litoralis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Marinicella litoralis is KMM 3900T (=NRIC 0758T =JCM 16154T).
Chryseoglobus frigidaquae gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Microbacteriaceae
Authors: Baik Keun Sik , Park Seong Chan , Kim Ho Jun , Lee Kang Hyun , Seong Chi Nam
Published: November 2009

A motile, rod-shaped, yellow-pigmented bacterium, designated strain CW1T, was isolated from a water-cooling system in the Republic of Korea. Cells were Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. Strain CW1Tformed slender rods with unusual bulbous protuberances. The major fatty acids were iso-C16 : 1(33.7 %), anteiso-C15 : 0(27.2 %), iso-C14 : 0(13.3 %) and C16 : 0(10.8 %). The cell-wall peptidoglycan was of type B2β, containing lysine as the diamino acid. The respiratory quinones were menaquinones with 12, 13 and 14 isoprene units. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain CW1Tformed an evolutionary lineage within the radiation enclosing members of the familyMicrobacteriaceaeand was related to, but distant from, members of the generaMicrocellaandYonghaparkia. On the basis of the evidence presented, strain CW1Tis considered to represent a novel species of a new genus in the familyMicrobacteriaceae, for which the nameChryseoglobus frigidaquaegen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain ofChryseoglobus frigidaquaeis CW1T(=KCTC 13142T=JCM 14730T).
Oceanicola nitratireducens sp. nov., a marine alphaproteobacterium isolated from the South China Sea
Authors: Zheng Qiang , Chen Chuang , Wang Ya-Nan , Jiao Nianzhi
Published: November 2009

A Gram-negative, non-motile, short-rod-shaped bacterial strain (JLT1210T) that accumulates poly-β-hydroxybutyrate granules was isolated from the Beibu Gulf in the South China Sea. Cells have polar or subpolar flagella. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain belongs to the genus Oceanicola in the order Rhodobacterales, class Alphaproteobacteria. The closest neighbours were Oceanicola nanhaiensis SS011B1-20T (96.5 % similarity) and Oceanicola batsensis HTCC2597T (96.4 %). The predominant respiratory ubiquinone of strain JLT1210T was Q-10 and the DNA G+C content was 72.8 mol%. Evidence from genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data shows that strain JLT1210T represents a novel species of the genus Oceanicola, for which the name Oceanicola nitratireducens sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is JLT1210T (=LMG 24663T=CGMCC 1.7292T).
Dactylosporangium maewongense sp. nov., isolated from soil
Authors: Chiaraphongphon Suthamat , Suriyachadkun Chanwit , Tamura Tomohiko , Thawai Chitti
Published: November 2009

Morphological and chemotaxonomic characterization of actinomycete strain MW2-25T, isolated from tropical forest soil in Nakhon Sawan Province, Thailand, clearly demonstrated that this strain belongs to the genus Dactylosporangium. Phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequences also indicated that this strain should be classified in the genus Dactylosporangium and showed that the closest relative was Dactylosporangium aurantiacum IFO 12592T (99.3 % sequence similarity). DNA–DNA hybridization values and some physiological and biochemical properties indicated that this strain could be readily distinguished from its closest phylogenetic relatives. On the basis of these phenotypic and genotypic data, this strain represents a novel species, for which the name Dactylosporangium maewongense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MW2-25T (=BCC 34832T=JCM 15933T).