bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
You can’t see me: Background matching in the Western diamond-backed rattlesnake (Crotalus atrox)
Authors: Cunha Oceane Da , Fournier Corentin , Horne L. Miles , Seymoure Brett M. , Johnson Jerry D.
Published: December 2023

Coloration is crucial for ambush mesopredators’ survival as they depend on it for camouflage to hunt and avoid predation. Furthermore, coloration is especially important in ectotherms as it is linked to two essential functions for survival: thermoregulation and crypsis. In a context of trade-offs between thermoregulation and crypsis, the comprehension of how ectotherms employ color to address conflicting demands of thermoregulation and crypsis is limited. This study investigated background matching and thermoregulation in western-diamond-backed rattlesnakes (Crotalus atrox). Rattlesnakes were predicted to better match selected microhabitats in terms of color, luminance, and pattern than random microhabitats within their home range, and temperature was predicted to influence their body coloration. Pictures of fourteen radiotracked western diamond-backed rattlesnakes were taken in situ with a full spectrum camera (UV/VIS) and body temperature was recovered from internal temperature-datalogging radio-transmitters. Crotalus atrox matched the color, luminance, and pattern of the background better than a randomly selected background, thus enhancing crypsis. Additionally, rattlesnake coloration varied independently of temperature indicating that rattlesnakes are behaviorally modifying crypsis regardless of thermoregulation.
Frailty in Geriatric Patients with Head and Neck Cancer and its Implication in Survivorship
Authors: Kwon Minsu
Published: December 2023

The aging population, particularly those aged 65 and above, is on the rise, with projections indicating a substantial increase in the elderly demographic. This demographic shift brings challenges in managing age-related diseases, including head and neck cancers (HNCs). Frailty, often characterized by physiological decline and vulnerability to stressors, is a crucial factor affecting treatment outcomes of elderly cancer patients. Accordingly, the significance of assessing frailty in elderly HNC patients before their treatment should be emphasized, but current frailty assessment tools may not fully capture the unique challenges faced by HNC patients. Specific indicators, including respiratory and swallowing functions, are proposed for a more tailored assessment. This comprehensive review explores the impact of frailty on various treatment modalities, including surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, highlighting the need for personalized interventions. Furthermore, it suggests avenues for future research to enhance frailty assessment tools and investigate interventions aimed at improving treatment outcomes in elderly HNC patients.
Flap Reconstruction and Histological Review after Extensive Resection of Adult Type Fibrosarcoma
Authors: Yoon Young Soo , Lee Hojung , Lee Hye Kyung
Published: December 2023

Adult fibrosarcoma is a malignant tumor comprising of spindle-shaped fibroblasts with variable collagen production. Due to their aggressive nature and high probability of local tumor recurrence, these tumors require accurate diagnosis and resection according to guidelines. A 57-year-old male presented to the clinic with a complaint of a palpable growing mass in the left scapular area. Examination of the back revealed a 6 cm protruding tumor with a nodular surface. We performed a wide excision, including the infraspinatus fascia layer and subsequent reconstruction using a parascapular island flap. Histopathological analysis demonstrated the typical microscopic features of adult fibrosarcoma. At the 3-year follow-up, there was no evidence of local recurrence and the resection margin was completely clear of tumor.
Tres proyectos novelísticos en Twitter
Authors: Verdín Padilla Paulo César
Published: December 2023

El presente artículo versa sobre la escritura del género literario novela en la plataforma Twitter. La investigación toma como objeto de estudio tres proyectos novelísticos escritos en español: El hombre de tweed, de Mauricio Montiel Figueiras; Los mil trinos y un trino, de Héctor Abad, y El año de la profecía, una novela de carácter colectivo. La línea teórica para el abordamiento se basó en la teoría hipertextual y el método utilizado es la etnografía digital. Se encontró que estas obras están condicionadas en extremo por el soporte digital y que constituyen actos únicos e irrepetibles. Por lo tanto, se propone el término novelas evento para nombrar este tipo de obras narrativas.
Mujeres trans en el norte de México
Authors: Estrada Olga Nelly , Izquierdo Isabel
Published: December 2023

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las condiciones familiares, económicas y laborales de tres mujeres transgénero del norte de México. Se visibiliza la exclusión social y la desigualdad económica y cultural. Se indagan las tensiones que han experimentado por la identidad de género en su vida cotidiana, sus cuerpos y sus emociones al romper con los mandatos patriarcales desafiando las formas que las obliga a ser según el sexo en que nacieron. El estudio es exploratorio cualitativo desde un enfoque semiótico-discursivo, centrado en el análisis de tres diferentes testimonios para revalorar las voces y las posiciones subjetivas. Se encontró que ellas deciden vivir de acuerdo con sus estándares de libertad, sentimientos y expresiones femeninas negando los mandatos de ser hombres rudos, masculinos y fuertes, a pesar de perder los privilegios y las posesiones que les otorga el sistema sexo-género.
انموذج تعاون الكتروني مقترح لتحقيق التوافق بين مخرجات التعليم المهني المحاسبي و متطلبات سوق العمل
Authors: Al-Sabaawe Younis M. Kh. , Huseein Hawre Jalal
Published: December 2023

يهدف البحث  الى بناء انموذج مقترح باعتماد مكونات التعاون الإلكتروني للوصول الى تحقيق التوافق الاستراتيجي بين مخرجات التعليم المهني (المحاسبي) ومتطلبات سوق العمل  في القطاع العام والخاص. وقد اعتمد البحث منهج  دراسة الحالة أسلوباً لعمله، ولغرض تحقيق هدف البحث جرى تصميم نموذج مقترح يقوم على أساس التعاضد البنيوي بين مكونات التعاون الالكتروني  عن طريق توظيف منصة تعاون الكتروني تتيح إمكانية تحقيق التوافق بين مخرجات التعليم المهني  التي تقدمها مناهج التعليم المهني المحاسبي من جهة وبين متطلبات سوق العمل من خلال مجموعة  المكونات والأدوات والتقنيات التي توفرها هذه المنصة التعاونية.
            وخرج البحث بعدد من الاستنتاجات من أهمها: يمكن تحقيق  التوافق بين مخرجات التعليم المهني المحاسبي ومتطلبات سوق العمل في القطاع العام والخاص باعتماد منهج التعاون الإلكتروني بوصفه يمثل جيلاً جديداً في حقل تقانة المعلومات والاتصالات  ويعد من سمات الإدارة الحديثة. فتنفيذ الأنموذج المقترح من شأنه تحقيق التوافق وتوحيد الروية  لتحقيق الموائمة مخرجات التعليم المهني المحاسبي  مع متطلبات سوق العمل .
            وفي ضوء الاستنتاجات أختُتم البحث بعدد من المقترحات أبرزها ضرورة دعم وزارة التربية في حكومة اقليم كوردستان لتطبيق الأنموذج المقترح لشموله عدداً من الأدوات المتميزة وقابلية تكامله مع العديد من التطبيقات البرمجية الأُخرى للوصل الى تحقيق التكامل بين رؤية التعليم المهني المحاسبي من جهة وبين متطلبات سوق العمل من جهة اخرى.
Prevalence of COVID-19 Mitigation Behaviors in US Adults (August-December 2020): Nationwide Household Probability Survey
Authors: Sanchez Travis , Hall Eric , Siegler Aaron J , Prakash-Asrani Radhika , Bradley Heather , Fahimi Mansour , Lopman Benjamin , Luisi Nicole , Nelson Kristin N , Sailey Charles , Shioda Kayoko , Valentine-Graves Mariah , Sullivan Patrick S
Published: December 2023

Background

COVID-19 mitigation behaviors, such as wearing masks, maintaining social distancing, and practicing hand hygiene, have been and will remain vital to slowing the pandemic.

Objective

This study aims to describe the period prevalence of consistent mask-wearing, social distancing, and hand hygiene practices during the peak of COVID-19 incidence (August-December 2020) and just before COVID-19 vaccine availability, overall and in demographic subgroups.

Methods

We used baseline survey data from a nationwide household probability sample to generate weighted estimates of mitigation behaviors: wearing masks, maintaining social distancing, and practicing hand hygiene. Weighted logistic regression explored differences in mitigation behaviors by demographics. Latent class analysis (LCA) identified patterns in mitigation behaviors.

Results

Among 4654 participants, most (n=2727, 58.6%) were female, were non-Hispanic White (n=3063, 65.8%), were aged 55 years or older (n=2099, 45.1%), lived in the South (n=2275, 48.9%), lived in metropolitan areas (n=4186, 89.9%), had at least a bachelor’s degree (n=2547, 54.7%), had an income of US $50,000-$99,000 (n=1445, 31%), and were privately insured (n=2734, 58.7%). The period prevalence of consistent mask wearing was 71.1% (sample-weighted 95% CI 68.8-73.3); consistent social distancing, 42.9% (95% CI 40.5-45.3); frequent handwashing, 55.0% (95% CI 52.3-57.7); and frequent hand sanitizing, 21.5% (95% CI 19.4-23.8). Mitigation behaviors were more prevalent among women, older persons, Black or Hispanic persons, those who were not college graduates, and service-oriented workers. LCA identified an optimal-mitigation class that consistently practiced all behaviors (n=2656, 67% of US adults), a low-mitigation class that inconsistently practiced all behaviors (n=771, 20.6%), and a class that had optimal masking and social distancing but a high frequency of hand hygiene (n=463, 12.4%).

Conclusions

Despite a high prevalence of COVID-19 mitigation behaviors, there were likely millions who did not consistently practice these behaviors during the time of the highest COVID-19 incidence. In future infectious disease outbreak responses, public health authorities should also consider addressing disparities in mitigation practices through more targeted prevention messaging.
Investigating Citizens’ Acceptance of Contact Tracing Apps: Quantitative Study of the Role of Trust and Privacy
Authors: Fox Grace , van der Werff Lisa , Rosati Pierangelo , Lynn Theo
Published: December 2023

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the need to understand citizen acceptance of health surveillance technologies such as contact tracing (CT) apps. Indeed, the success of these apps required widespread public acceptance and the alleviation of concerns about privacy, surveillance, and trust.

Objective

This study aims to examine the factors that foster a sense of trust and a perception of privacy in CT apps. Our study also investigates how trust and perceived privacy influence citizens’ willingness to adopt, disclose personal data, and continue to use these apps.

Methods

Drawing on privacy calculus and procedural fairness theories, we developed a model of the antecedents and behavioral intentions related to trust and privacy perceptions. We used structural equation modeling to test our hypotheses on a data set collected at 2 time points (before and after the launch of a national CT app). The sample consisted of 405 Irish residents.

Results

Trust in CT apps was positively influenced by propensity to trust technology (β=.074; P=.006), perceived need for surveillance (β=.119; P<.001), and perceptions of government motives (β=.671; P<.001) and negatively influenced by perceived invasion (β=−.224; P<.001). Perceived privacy was positively influenced by trust (β=.466; P<.001) and perceived control (β=.451; P<.001) and negatively influenced by perceived invasion (β=−.165; P<.001). Prelaunch intentions toward adoption were influenced by trust (β=.590; P<.001) and perceived privacy (β=.247; P<.001). Prelaunch intentions to disclose personal data to the app were also influenced by trust (β=.215; P<.001) and perceived privacy (β=.208; P<.001) as well as adoption intentions before the launch (β=.550; P<.001). However, postlaunch intentions to use the app were directly influenced by prelaunch intentions (β=.530; P<.001), but trust and perceived privacy only had an indirect influence. Finally, with regard to intentions to disclose after the launch, use intentions after the launch (β=.665; P<.001) and trust (β=.215; P<.001) had a direct influence, but perceived privacy only had an indirect influence. The proposed model explained 74.4% of variance in trust, 91% of variance in perceived privacy, 66.6% of variance in prelaunch adoption intentions, 45.9% of variance in postlaunch use intentions, and 83.9% and 79.4% of variance in willingness to disclose before the launch and after the launch, respectively.

Conclusions

Positive perceptions of trust and privacy can be fostered through clear communication regarding the need and motives for CT apps, the level of control citizens maintain, and measures to limit invasive data practice. By engendering these positive beliefs before launch and reinforcing them after launch, citizens may be more likely to accept and use CT apps. These insights are important for the launch of future apps and technologies that require mass acceptance and information disclosure.
Performance Comparison of ChatGPT-4 and Japanese Medical Residents in the General Medicine In-Training Examination: Comparison Study
Authors: Watari Takashi , Takagi Soshi , Sakaguchi Kota , Nishizaki Yuji , Shimizu Taro , Yamamoto Yu , Tokuda Yasuharu
Published: December 2023

Background

The reliability of GPT-4, a state-of-the-art expansive language model specializing in clinical reasoning and medical knowledge, remains largely unverified across non-English languages.

Objective

This study aims to compare fundamental clinical competencies between Japanese residents and GPT-4 by using the General Medicine In-Training Examination (GM-ITE).

Methods

We used the GPT-4 model provided by OpenAI and the GM-ITE examination questions for the years 2020, 2021, and 2022 to conduct a comparative analysis. This analysis focused on evaluating the performance of individuals who were concluding their second year of residency in comparison to that of GPT-4. Given the current abilities of GPT-4, our study included only single-choice exam questions, excluding those involving audio, video, or image data. The assessment included 4 categories: general theory (professionalism and medical interviewing), symptomatology and clinical reasoning, physical examinations and clinical procedures, and specific diseases. Additionally, we categorized the questions into 7 specialty fields and 3 levels of difficulty, which were determined based on residents’ correct response rates.

Results

Upon examination of 137 GM-ITE questions in Japanese, GPT-4 scores were significantly higher than the mean scores of residents (residents: 55.8%, GPT-4: 70.1%; P<.001). In terms of specific disciplines, GPT-4 scored 23.5 points higher in the “specific diseases,” 30.9 points higher in “obstetrics and gynecology,” and 26.1 points higher in “internal medicine.” In contrast, GPT-4 scores in “medical interviewing and professionalism,” “general practice,” and “psychiatry” were lower than those of the residents, although this discrepancy was not statistically significant. Upon analyzing scores based on question difficulty, GPT-4 scores were 17.2 points lower for easy problems (P=.007) but were 25.4 and 24.4 points higher for normal and difficult problems, respectively (P<.001). In year-on-year comparisons, GPT-4 scores were 21.7 and 21.5 points higher in the 2020 (P=.01) and 2022 (P=.003) examinations, respectively, but only 3.5 points higher in the 2021 examinations (no significant difference).

Conclusions

In the Japanese language, GPT-4 also outperformed the average medical residents in the GM-ITE test, originally designed for them. Specifically, GPT-4 demonstrated a tendency to score higher on difficult questions with low resident correct response rates and those demanding a more comprehensive understanding of diseases. However, GPT-4 scored comparatively lower on questions that residents could readily answer, such as those testing attitudes toward patients and professionalism, as well as those necessitating an understanding of context and communication. These findings highlight the strengths and limitations of artificial intelligence applications in medical education and practice.
Refining Cultural Adaptations of a Behavioral Intervention for Latino Caregivers of People Living With Dementia: Qualitative Interview Study in Washington State
Authors: Garcia Celeste N , Duran Miriana C , Ramirez Magaly
Published: December 2023

Background

 In the United States, Latino caregivers of individuals with dementia face unique challenges and an elevated risk of adverse health outcomes. Despite the increasing prevalence of Alzheimer disease and related dementias among Latino adults, few evidence-based interventions are tailored to their cultural context. To address this gap, we examined the cultural adaptations required for the STAR caregivers (STAR-C) virtual intervention, an evidence-based intervention that educates family caregivers to manage behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. While STAR-C has shown effectiveness, neither the original in-person nor the virtual intervention considered the distinct experiences of Latino caregivers, who often bring culturally significant values into caregiving interactions.

Objective

This study’s objective was to test and refine the preliminary cultural adaptations of the STAR-C web-based training modules for Latino caregivers of people living with dementia.

Methods

Through qualitative interviews with 15 Latino caregivers in Washington State, we identified key adaptations to enhance the cultural relevance of the web-based training modules.

Results

The interviews highlighted 4 main themes for adaptation: the delivery of the STAR-C web-based training modules, comprehensive dementia education, simplified problem-solving strategies, and prioritizing caregiver well-being.

Conclusions

This study’s findings informed the development of culturally adapted STAR-C web-based training modules that aim to provide tailored support to Latino caregivers. While further research is needed to assess the efficacy of these adaptations, our work contributes to bridging the gap in dementia caregiving for Latino families, potentially reducing health disparities and enhancing health care services for this population.
Mobile Technology–Based Interventions for Stroke Self-Management Support: Scoping Review (Preprint)
Authors: Thompson Alexandra N , Dawson Deirdre R , Legasto-Mulvale Jean Michelle , Chandran Nivetha , Tanchip Chelsea , Niemczyk Veronika , Rashkovan Jillian , Jeyakumar Saisa , Wang Rosalie H , Cameron Jill I , Nalder Emily
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

There is growing interest in enhancing stroke self-management support using mobile health (mHealth) technology (eg, smartphones and apps). Despite this growing interest, “self-management support” is inconsistently defined and applied in the poststroke mHealth intervention literature, which limits efforts to synthesize and compare evidence. To address this gap in conceptual clarity, a scoping review was conducted.

OBJECTIVE

The objectives were to (1) identify and describe the types of poststroke mHealth interventions evaluated using a randomized controlled trial design, (2) determine whether (and how) such interventions align with well-accepted conceptualizations of self-management support (the theory by Lorig and Holman and the Practical Reviews in Self-Management Support [PRISMS] taxonomy by Pearce and colleagues), and (3) identify the mHealth functions that facilitate self-management.

METHODS

A scoping review was conducted according to the methodology by Arksey and O’Malley and Levac et al. In total, 7 databases were searched. Article screening and data extraction were performed by 2 reviewers. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 29 studies (26 interventions) were included. The interventions addressed 7 focal areas (physical exercise, risk factor management, linguistic exercise, activities of daily living training, medication adherence, stroke education, and weight management), 5 types of mobile devices (mobile phones or smartphones, tablets, wearable sensors, wireless monitoring devices, and laptops), and 7 mHealth functions (educating, communicating, goal setting, monitoring, providing feedback, reminding, and motivating). Collectively, the interventions aligned well with the concept of self-management support. However, on an individual basis (per intervention), the alignment was less strong.

CONCLUSIONS

On the basis of the results, it is recommended that future research on poststroke mHealth interventions be more theoretically driven, more multidisciplinary, and larger in scale.
OpenDeID Pipeline for Unstructured Electronic Health Record Text Notes Based on Rules and Transformers: Deidentification Algorithm Development and Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Liu Jiaxing , Gupta Shalini , Chen Aipeng , Wang Chen-Kai , Mishra Pratik , Dai Hong-Jie , Wong Zoie Shui-Yee , Jonnagaddala Jitendra
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Electronic health records (EHRs) in unstructured formats are valuable sources of information for research in both the clinical and biomedical domains. However, before such records can be used for research purposes, sensitive health information (SHI) must be removed in several cases to protect patient privacy. Rule-based and machine learning–based methods have been shown to be effective in deidentification. However, very few studies investigated the combination of transformer-based language models and rules.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study is to develop a hybrid deidentification pipeline for Australian EHR text notes using rules and transformers. The study also aims to investigate the impact of pretrained word embedding and transformer-based language models.

METHODS

In this study, we present a hybrid deidentification pipeline called OpenDeID, which is developed using an Australian multicenter EHR-based corpus called OpenDeID Corpus. The OpenDeID corpus consists of 2100 pathology reports with 38,414 SHI entities from 1833 patients. The OpenDeID pipeline incorporates a hybrid approach of associative rules, supervised deep learning, and pretrained language models.

RESULTS

The OpenDeID achieved a best F1-score of 0.9659 by fine-tuning the Discharge Summary BioBERT model and incorporating various preprocessing and postprocessing rules. The OpenDeID pipeline has been deployed at a large tertiary teaching hospital and has processed over 8000 unstructured EHR text notes in real time.

CONCLUSIONS

The OpenDeID pipeline is a hybrid deidentification pipeline to deidentify SHI entities in unstructured EHR text notes. The pipeline has been evaluated on a large multicenter corpus. External validation will be undertaken as part of our future work to evaluate the effectiveness of the OpenDeID pipeline.
Risk Prediction of Emergency Department Visits in Patients With Lung Cancer Using Machine Learning: Retrospective Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Lee Ah Ra , Park Hojoon , Yoo Aram , Kim Seok , Sunwoo Leonard , Yoo Sooyoung
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Patients with lung cancer are among the most frequent visitors to emergency departments due to cancer-related problems, and the prognosis for those who seek emergency care is dismal. Given that patients with lung cancer frequently visit health care facilities for treatment or follow-up, the ability to predict emergency department visits based on clinical information gleaned from their routine visits would enhance hospital resource utilization and patient outcomes.

OBJECTIVE

This study proposed a machine learning–based prediction model to identify risk factors for emergency department visits by patients with lung cancer.

METHODS

This was a retrospective observational study of patients with lung cancer diagnosed at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, a tertiary general hospital in South Korea, between January 2010 and December 2017. The primary outcome was an emergency department visit within 30 days of an outpatient visit. This study developed a machine learning–based prediction model using a common data model. In addition, the importance of features that influenced the decision-making of the model output was analyzed to identify significant clinical factors.

RESULTS

The model with the best performance demonstrated an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.73 in its ability to predict the attendance of patients with lung cancer in emergency departments. The frequency of recent visits to the emergency department and several laboratory test results that are typically collected during cancer treatment follow-up visits were revealed as influencing factors for the model output.

CONCLUSIONS

This study developed a machine learning–based risk prediction model using a common data model and identified influencing factors for emergency department visits by patients with lung cancer. The predictive model contributes to the efficiency of resource utilization and health care service quality by facilitating the identification and early intervention of high-risk patients. This study demonstrated the possibility of collaborative research among different institutions using the common data model for precision medicine in lung cancer.
DigiPark Application: An Exploration of its Development Through Neurologist-Patient Collaborative Feedback (Preprint)
Authors: Duracinsky Martin , Brown Hajdukova Eva , Peretz Fabienne , Sauzin Julie , Gouider-Khouja Neziha , Atlanim Caroline , Dalili Djamchid
Published: December 2023

BACKGROUND

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a worldwide fast-growing progressive neurodegenerative condition. Its multifaceted clinical presentation includes a wide range of motor and non-motor symptoms. Smartphones present a potential solution to better monitor and subsequently alleviate PD symptoms.

OBJECTIVE

To explore the impact of neurologist-patient collaborative feedback on the design and functionality of a new smartphone application in PD, DigiPark.

METHODS

This qualitative, non-interventional study gathered data through two primary methods First, by conducting interviews with nine neurologists, and second, through a usability test (UT) including five patients with PD (PWPD) as part of the development process for a new smartphone application (app).

RESULTS

The neurologists affirmed the necessity for a patient-centered app, highlighting the complexities of PD management. They advocated for personalized app functionalities to improve patients' quality of life and emphasized the need for enhanced patient-provider communication. Feedback from the UT indicated a preference for a clear, simple user interface, and elucidation of the app's benefits. Concerns about the app's time demands and the complexity of certain features like medication management were expressed. Furthermore, PWPD consistently showed interest in features that could track and monitor their progress over time. This highlights the need to include clear benefits within the app to maintain user engagement and commitment.

CONCLUSIONS

Collaborative efforts in shaping the app cater to genuine PD management needs. Future clinical trial inclusion can further validate the efficacy of DigiPark.

CLINICALTRIAL

n/a
Evaluating the Impact of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Prediabetes on Pulmonary Vascular Function and on the Development of Pulmonary Fibrosis: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. (Preprint)
Authors: Mzimela Nhlakanipho , Dimba Nosipho , Sosibo Aubrey , Khathi Andile
Published: December 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Prediabetes, a metabolic state characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, has been associated with various systemic complications (1). However, its effects on pulmonary vascular function and pulmonary fibrosis remain poorly understood. This systematic review aims to summarize existing evidence on the impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetes on these aspects. This protocol was prepared in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 guidelines for reporting protocols.
To achieve our aim, we will examine published prospective observational studies, case-control studies, cohort studies, and cross-sectional studies involving non-diabetic, type 2 diabetic, and prediabetic reports. Our database search will encompass Google Scholar, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science. The process of data extraction and quality assessment will be carried out independently by three reviewers, with a subsequent screening of results to ensure adherence to eligibility criteria. The STROBES checklist will be applied to evaluate the risk of bias. In the meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis, we will employ the Review Manager v5.4 Forrest plot. To gauge the quality of evidence, we will utilize the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.
It is noteworthy that this systematic review will rely on publicly accessible data, which will be collected after the release of this protocol. This protocol serves as a compass for exploring articles that delve into studies about the prediabetic state, specifically in relation to assessments of pulmonary vascular function and pulmonary fibrosis. The outcomes generated from this protocol will offer valuable guidance for future research endeavours.
Evaluation of Work Discomfort in Bottled Drinking Water (AMDK) Palletizing Workers with Standing Work Positions
Authors: Adiatmaja Firstama Saka , Mulyati Guntarti Tatik , Purwadi Didik
Published: December 2023

One of the problems of ergonomics in the industry is the work posture caused by repetitive movements continuously with a heavy burden. These problems can be risky for Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). Palletizing work station is operated manually. As many as 18 workers felt discomfort in the limbs when palletizing. This study aims to identify the inconvenience of workers' limbs to recommend the design of work aids at the palletizing work station. Initial assessment of work posture using Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). Assessment of the level of employee discomfort using the Nordic Body Map (NBM). The level of worker fatigue is measured by pulse. The result of RULA analysis is that all cardboard lifting activities require repairs. The smallest LI origin and destination sequences were 2.27 and 7.94 with RWL of 1.44 kg and 12.49 kg, respectively. The results of the NBM analysis obtained 7 body parts that are considered to have the greatest score, namely the back, left and right elbows, left and right hands, and left and right thighs. The results of pulse measurements indicate the work performed is quite heavy. The results of these analyzes are the design of the rotary hydraulic jack concept.
Usability and Display Evaluation of Job Vacancy Platform (Website X and Website Y)
Authors: Naziha Thalia , Ave C Gloria Elsa , Santi Adinda Mutiara
Published: December 2023

One of the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic is the delay in face-to-face activities, one of which is the delay in holding job fair event. The reduction in the implementation of offline job fairs has encouraged job seekers to seek work through online media. Website X and Website Y are examples of websites used to find jobs online. With the current increase in find jobs through Website X and Website Y, the usability and display of their website need to be evaluated. Usability and display evaluation aims to identify usability problems and correct these problems, to increase the usability of a design. The objective of this study is to find out whether there is a significant difference of the time needed to find job vacancy between Website X and Website Y website, to find out whether there is a significant difference of the time needed to find job vacancy between male and female on both Website X and Website Y website, and to find out user perspective on both Website X and Website Y website related to system aspects, user aspects, and interaction aspects by using usability questionnaire. The advantage of this research is that it can help website developers by pointing out areas that require development or improvement. Other than that, this study might provide suggestions for job vacancy websites that are more user-friendly. Based on the results of the study it was found that Website X and Website Y had problems related to user perceptions of the safety of using the website, user comfort with using colors on the website, and the user's ability to remember menus and website appearance. The results also show that there is a significant difference between the time needed to carry out activities on Website X and Website Y.
All-Trans Retinoic Acid Drives Development Phase- Specific Response to Adipogenic and Myogenic Processes in Bovine Skeletal Muscle-Derived Cells
Authors: Jin Xue Cheng , Peng Dong Qiao , Kim Won Seob , Park Jin Soo , Lee Jun Hee , Kim Yuan H. Brad , Smith Steve B. , Lee Hong Gu
Published: December 2023

Optimal muscle and intramuscular fat development are foundational to enhanced high-quality meat production in beef cattle, involving the proliferation and differentiation of key cellular populations, such as myoblasts and preadipocytes. Vitamin A is an essential nutrient for beef cattle and plays an important role in the formation and maintenance of numerous tissue types such as adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), the active form of vitamin A, on adipogenic and myogenic processes in bovine skeletal muscle-derived cells (BSMC). As a result, ATRA treatment significantly upregulated ZFP423 and MYF5 during the growth phase (P<0.05). Moreover, ATRA treatment in the growth phase significantly elevated mRNA expression markers,including FABP4 and PPARγ in adipogenesis (P<0.05), as well as MYOD, MYOG, and MYF6 in myogenesis (P<0.05). In addition, when used only in the differentiation phase, ATRA treatment significantly increased the mRNA expression of myogenesis markers (MYOD, MYOG, and MYF6) (P<0.05) but decreased the mRNA expression of adipogenesis markers (FABP4 and PPARγ) compared with the control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, the ATRA treatment in the growth phase of BSMC indirectly promoted hyperplasia of myoblasts and preadipocytes, and the effect continued into subsequent differentiations. However, ATRA treatment plays a different role in adipogenic and myogenic differentiation by regulating related mRNA. These results will provide a reference for the application of vitamin A from the fetal to the postnatal period in beef cattle production.
IoT Based Smart Water Bottle
Authors: M S Mrs. Kavya
Published: December 2023

Abstract: The origin of life is water, and harmonious water consumption is essential for the proper functioning of mortal organs. But with busy schedules of humans and endless distractions, it’s hard to flash back to drink enough water by the humans. So, in order to make a healthy water drinking habit, it’s important to track our water input every day. The Smart Interactive Water Bottle conception combines technology with a abecedarian health need – proper hydration. It uses detectors and IoT capabilities to give druggies with precious information about their water consumption habits and monuments to drink water. Such a device can be a helpful tool for those who have busy cultures and need backing in staying doused . This helps the user to trace his quotidian amount of water consumed, average amount of water consumed, last water input time and also advise the user reminding him to drink water. Further the Adafruit Io operation which is an IOT predicated platform is used for monitoring and helping user to assay his water input habits.
Development of Zakat Collection During Caliph Umar al-Khattab
Authors: Abdul Hamid Hamizul bin , Abdul Hamid Ahmad Faisal , Abdul Wahab Adibah
Published: December 2023

Discussion about great figure will always touch on the contribution they made. It's including Umar al-Khattab. He is not just an ordinary figure, because in the era of his leadership, many great innovations apply. It is including the innovation of zakat. He introduced many innovations, especially in zakat's collection matter. This article will discuss two things, (1) Innovations that have been carried out by Umar al-Khattab in the field of zakat collection, (2) The role of attitude of Umar al-Khattab that influenced the innovation. To achieve this objective, the researcher applies the fully qualitative method by referring to books or related material. The results found that Umar al-Khattab had succeeded introducing 14 innovations in zakat's collection. It's also proved that Umar al-Khattab's attitude is deeply influences him in his innovation. However, there are still many more innovations in managing zakat which need to be discussed further in future writing.
Application of Synthetic Taxonomic Measures to Assess the Investment Attractiveness of the Selected Companies in the Construction Materials Industry Listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange
Authors: Zielińska-Sitkiewicz Monika
Published: December 2023

The study used the synthetic taxonomic measure TMAI and BZW to determine whether the fundamental strength of 17 companies from the construction material industry listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange affects their investment performance. Companies whose operations are conducted mainly in Poland and whose profit and loss account is prepared in the calculation system were selected for the study. It was checked how the use of different methods of aggregation of the same diagnostic variables (with and without a pattern) affects the classification results. Investment efficiency was measured with the annual, logarithmic rate of return and the created rankings of companies for the years 2016-2021 were compared with it.
Contrary to known silibinin is not an anticancer agent and liver protective supplement
Authors: Şumnulu Deniz
Published: December 2023

Silibinin is a flavinoid that is the main component of the milk thistle plant
and is widely used around the world, thought to have liver protective and
anticancer effects. In this study, contrary to what is generally known, it
was aimed to show that silibinin is neither a healthy liver protective
supplement nor an anticancer agent for hepatocellular cancer cells. For this
purpose, molecular effects of silibinin were investigated in both HepG2
(hepatocellular cancer) and AML-12 (healthy liver) cells. The cytotoxic
concentrations of silibinin investigated by MTT analysis. Cell proliferation
by wound healing assays, intracellular apoptosis and cell division events
demonstrated by fluorescent microscopy imaging via Annexin V/ PI and Hoechst
34580 staining. Gene expression level changes were investigated by real-time
polymerase chain reaction. In the study, IC50 values were calculated as
739.9 mM for AML-12 and 1.35 M for HepG2 in 24 h, 529.23 ?M for AML-12 and
15.51 mM for HepG2 in 48-h of silibinin administration. From these data,
IC50 value of 48 h of silibinin administration for the AML-12 cell line
resulted a decrease in AML-12 cell quantity, whereas an increase in HepG2
cells. Fluorescent staining studies show that, there was an intense
proliferation in the HepG2 cells, whereas an important apoptotic effect
induced in the AML-12 cell line as a result to 529.23 ?M silibinin
application. Also, all proliferation and oncogene expression levels were
incrased in HepG2 cells, but expression levels of Akt, ErbB2 were decreased
in AML-12 cells, whereas APEX1 DNA repair, CuZn-SOD oxidative stress gene
expression levels were increased. As a result, application of 529.23 ?M
silibinin was found to be cytotoxic for AML-12 cells as well as
proliferative effect on HepG2.
Evaluation of the IrisPlex system for eye colour prediction in the Serbian population
Authors: Vukovic Marija , Mihajlovic-Srejic Milica , Sapic Katarina , Tanasic Vanja , Radojicic Verica , Keckarevic-Markovic Milica , Kecmanovic Miljana , Keckarevic Dusan
Published: December 2023

DNA-based prediction of a physical appearance, also known as DNA phenotyping,
is a rapidly developing field with great potential for solving difficult
forensic investigations. Externally visible characteristics (EVCs), such as
eye colour, are easily recognised and genetically determined. Analysis of
highly informative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) encompassing
trait-associated genes provides information about the phenotype of an
unknown individual, which is critical in cases where the standard STR
profile is not useful. The IrisPlex assay was developed based on genotype
data from 3804 Dutch Europeans, with the goal of accurately predicting
brown, blue, and undefined eye colours using the six SNP markers alone. This
assay has been validated in several studies and has shown high accuracy of
prediction for brown and blue eye colours in most European populations. The
aim of this work was to evaluate IrisPlex in the Serbian population and to
determine if there are possible discrepancies in prediction accuracy
compared to the previously published European data. Therefore, we performed
the IrisPlex analysis on 65 Serbian individuals. Our results showed that the
prediction of eye colour was accurate for about 57% of the respondents,
which did not change significantly by applying the 0.7 threshold. The
IrisPlex system performed well in predicting blue and brown eye colour in
the Serbian sample, achieving high sensitivity levels. However, this model
appeared to be unsuitable in the prediction of undefined eye colour, which
was a common phenotype in our sample. This low sensitivity suggests a
diverse and possibly population-specific genetic background of undefined eye
colour. Given the large genetic diversity of the Serbian population, further
work on a larger Serbian sample with more SNPs analysed is needed to reveal
genetic variants mainly associated with this trait.
In vitro evaluation of an easy-to-remove orthodontic adhesive with photochromic property
Authors: Yan Jiarong , Cao Lingyun , Luo Ting , Hua Fang , He Hong
Published: December 2023

Objectives

To develop a photochromic bracket adhesive (PCA) with modification using photochromic material and evaluate the biocompatibility, bond strength, photochromic property, and adhesive removal efficiency.

Materials and Methods

The resin-modified glass ionomer powder was mixed with the photochromic material and then blended with the liquid agent to form PCA. Biocompatibility was evaluated by CCK-8 kit, and shear bond strength (SBS) was measured. Stereoscopic microscopy and quantitative color analysis were used to assess the photochromic property. Bracket bonding and debonding procedures were performed on a head simulator with the assistance of an ultraviolet radiator. The effectiveness of adhesive removal during bonding and debonding procedures was assessed using a stereomicroscope. Removal time was recorded, and the enamel damage index after debonding was analyzed.

Results

CCK-8 assay and SBS test indicated that 5wt.% mixing ratios of the photochromic material did not compromise the biocompatibility and SBS of the adhesive (PCA5). PCA5 showed photochromic properties and could help the operator remove adhesive more thoroughly without increasing enamel damage.

Conclusions

Photochromic adhesive (PCA5) can be good for orthodontic adhesive removal and therefore has good clinical translation potential.
FROM NEWTON'S BINOMIAL AND PASCAL’S TRIANGLE TO СOLLATZ'S PROBLEM
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Kosobutskyy Petro , Yedyharova Anastasiia ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Slobodzyan Taras ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: December 2023

It is shown that: 1. The sequence {20,21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27,28,...} that forms the main graph m=1 of Collatz is related to the power transformation of Newton's binomial (1+1)ξ, ξ=0,1,2,3,... 2. The main Kmain and side m >1 graphs and their corresponding sequences {Kmain} and {Km} are related by the relation {Km}=m⋅{Kmain}. 3. Side graphs generated by prime odd numbers 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 25, 29, 31,… are not divisible by three, are formed without nodes. Side graphs, which are generated by compozite of odd numbers 3, 9, 15, 21, 27, 33, 39, 45,… are divisible by three, are formed with nodes. 4. The trajectories of transformations of odd numbers, through 3, 6, 8,… iterations from the beginning of calculations, merge with a trajectory of calculations of the first smaller number on value of the number.
Dynamic Analysis of a Prey Predator Model with Holling-Type III Functional Response and Anti-Predator Behavior
Authors: Umaroh Siti Zulfaniah , Savitri Dian
Published: December 2023

The prey-predator model in this article reviews the interaction of two populations with a type III Holling -type III functional response and anti-predator behavior. The dynamic analysis starts by determining the basic model construction assumptions, equilibrium and stability points, and numerical simulations using Python. Dynamic analysis results obtained four equilibrium points with types of stability, namely.  which is unstable,   which is asymptotically stable  , and   . Which is stable under certain conditions. The numerical simulation results show double stability at the equilibrium points. and  with the anti-predator behavior parameter value . The anti-predator parameter value  indicates a change in stability that is only the   equilibrium point. Differences in the values of the anti-predator behavior parameters affect changes in system solutions and impact reducing predator populations.
Routing and Logistics of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients During Selection for Surgical Treatment in the Republic of Bashkortostan
Authors: Sabirova A. R. , Sharipov R. A. , Tukfatullin R. K. , Azamatova M. M.
Published: December 2023

Introduction. Surgical intervention is recognized as an integral part of pulmonary tuberculosis treatment. Optimal routing of pulmonary tuberculosis patients to surgical treatment essentially improves the effectiveness of tuberculosis treatment. The paper is aimed at analyzing the routing of pulmonary tuberculosis patients to surgical treatment in the Republic of Bashkortostan. Materials and methods. The paper presents the structure of Republican Clinical Tuberculosis Dispensary, describes the routing of patients followed by the TB Service of the Republic of Bashkortostan, indicates a significant role of telehealth technologies in providing specialized medical care for patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. In addition, the paper introduces the quantitative data and structure of surgical interventions performed in the TB Surgery Unit of the Republican Clinical Tuberculosis Dispensary. Results and discussion. According to the conducted analysis, the TB Service of the Republic of Bashkortostan complies with the regulatory documents of the Russian Federation, thus ensuring the most complete coverage of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in need of thoracic surgery. Conclusion. Timely routing of patients to a TB surgery unit enables effective treatment, differential diagnosis, and abacillation of patients to be provided, thereby reducing the spread of tuberculosis in the region.
Manfaat model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning untuk Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini dan Implementasinya dalam Kurikulum Merdeka
Authors: Zulkarnaen Zulkarnaen , Wardhani Junita Dwi , Katoningsih Sri , Asmawulan Tri
Published: December 2023

Tujuan dari artikel ini yaitu menganalisis manfaat Project Based Learning (PBL) pada anak usia dini, dan implementasinya dalam kurikulum merdeka. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan Metode literatur review. Diperoleh hasil bahwa PBL dapat meningkatkan kreativitas, pola hidup bersih dan sehat, kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kreatif, kecerdasan visual spasial, dan keterampilan sosial siswa. PBL juga dapat membantu siswa mengembangkan keterampilan kolaborasi, inisiatif, kemandirian, dan berpikir kritis, yang sesuai dengan implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka. Beberapa teori yang berkaitan dengan PBL, seperti konstruktivisme, teori belajar sosial, pembelajaran kolaboratif, pembelajaran berbasis masalah, dan pembelajaran berbasis proyek, juga dibahas. PBL dapat membantu siswa mengembangkan kreativitas dan kemampuan analitis, logis, dan kritis dalam pemecahan masalah. PBL juga dapat memberikan pengalaman langsung dalam pemecahan masalah dan menemukan solusi yang berguna dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Implementasi PBL dalam Kurikulum Merdeka pada anak usia dini dapat dilakukan melalui beberapa tahapan dan strategi, seperti mapping kebutuhan, sosialisasi best practices, pelatihan, dan implementasi.