bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ageless, Vital, Immortal
Authors: Petzer Tatjana
Published: January 2021

From the end of the 19th century, experimental biological research and medical engineering have increased their interest in questions of longevity and potential immortality, which raised the issue of human transformation and of the dissolution of the boundaries of life in Eastern as well as Western philosophy and literature. Against the backdrop of this epistemic change and from the perspectives of the history of knowledge and literary anthropology, the paper focuses on positions and concepts of 20th-century Russian scientists and writers, including the immunologist and gerontologist Il'ia Mechnikov (1845-1916), the engineer and writer Andrei Platonov (1899-1951), and the surgeon, cyberneticist, and author Nikolai Amosov (1913-2002).
Commemorating Russia's Great Old Women
Authors: Gramshammer-Hohl Dagmar
Published: January 2021

Rounding the discussion on age and aging in East and Southeast European social and cultural imaginations is an interview conducted by Dagmar Gramshammer-Hohl in July 2018 with contemporary Russian writer and certainly one of the best-known voices of Russian literature abroad, Ludmila Ulitskaya. The author provides an insight into her motivation to introduce aging characters and the subject of aging into her work and also takes a firm stand on the elderly's situation in present-day Russia.
"Fin de siècle - fin de sexe"
Authors: Rothstein Anne-Berenike
Published: January 2021

Anne-Berenike Rothstein beschäftigt sich in ihrem Beitrag mit der »reine des décadents« Rachilde (1860-1953), weiblicher Dandy, selbsternannter »Homme de lettres« und Crossdresser im männlich dominierten Literaturdiskurs des fin de siècle. Anhand ihrer berühmtesten Romane (Monsieur Vénus, 1884, und Madame Adonis, 1888) konzentriert sich die Analyse auf Rachildes hybride, d.h. gesellschaftliche, Gender-Grenzen und gängige literarische Diskurse über¬schrei¬tende Schreibästhetik. Die These des Beitrags ist, dass sich Rachildes Werke nicht nur durch eine radikal neue Definition von Gender auszeichnen, die vorrangig auf der Um¬kehrbarkeit der Gender-Rollen fußt, sondern Rachilde auch eine ganz eigene (»weibliche«) Autonomie der Sprache, eine künstlerische Vermi¬schung von Sprache, Literatur und Gender propagiert. Damit werden die Geschlech¬ter¬ver¬hält¬nisse auf einer inhaltlichen Ebene nicht nur umge¬kehrt, sondern das gesamte poetologische Programm Rachildes durchläuft einen Queering-Prozess und zeigt ein gewandeltes und wandelbares Geschlechter- und Gesellschaftsbild. Der Beitrag postu¬liert eine »écriture féminine dandy« und etabliert damit das weibliche Dandytum als Narrativ.
The Production, Reception and Cultural Transfer of Operetta on Early Sound Film
Authors: Scott Derek B.
Published: January 2021

Derek B. Scott investigates the reception of early operetta sound films, asking what meanings audiences drew from them, and what impact they had on social and cultural history. They have elicited contradictory interpretations: for example, Siegfried Kracauer (1947) sensed in them a deluding fantasy that made the Weimar Republic vulnerable to the rise of Nazism; but Richard Dyer (1977) argued that they responded to social needs in a time of depression by offering utopian visions. Scott holds that they rarely disguised their character as entertainment, and sometimes made their artificiality explicit. He then explores the changes made when German operettas became British and American films. It was normal for the music and libretto to be revised to suit the medium of film. These changes illustrate the workings of cultural transfer, especially the need to draw an appropriate emotional response from an audience in a different cultural environment. Hollywood operetta films shaped understandings of European operetta in the USA by relating it to a contemporary American context, and they show how musical meanings change in different media contexts at different times.
Mind Games
Authors: Macey Joseph , McCauley Brian
Published: January 2021

This chapter analyses the episode »Playtest«, one self-evidently concerned with video games; aside from the overt use of games to drive the narrative arc of the story, the episode contains numerous references to games, both subtle and explicit. Central to our interpretation of this episode is the gamification of society and the wider cultural logic of Liquid Modernity. We first provide a brief summary of Playtest before demonstrating that the episode functions as an allegory of liquid modernity, one which can be further contextualised through the consideration of life in an increasingly gamified world. Furthermore, given the obvious significance of games in Playtest, this work will examine the evolving role of video games in facilitating and promoting contemporary practices related to the economic, social, and cultural value systems of liquid modernity. Playtest is not simply a body horror tale, it is a means of understanding contemporary socio-economic realities and a possible future which awaits a compliant and unquestioning population. More significantly, however, the episode highlights the socio-cultural and economic importance of digital games in the condition of liquid modernity. As a consequence, we can see that contemporary practices surrounding the consumption of digital games offer an avenue through which we can confront, and overcome, manufactured narratives.
Mediated Subjectivities in Postemotional Society
Authors: Övgü Tüzün Hatice
Published: January 2021

This chapter, by Hatice Övgü Tüzün, considers the program's dystopian depictions of the world with emphasis on how technologies are transforming their makers and human relationships. The chapter focuses on, “Nosedive,” an episode that imagines a world in which the current climate of social media obsession escalates until all of society is engulfed by the pressure to maintain high ratings. “Nosedive” depicts an engineered society based on popularity, in which people desperately try to ascend the social hierarchy with fake kindness and carefully curated social media profiles. The episode also depicts an extremely 'mediated reality,' one primarily shaped by digital technology/social media and ruled by 'mediated desires,' often expressed through voyeurism and determined emotions. Within this framework, the author argues that “Nosedive” offers a memorable illustration of what Stjepan Mestrovic calls a “postemotional society”, wherein emotion has been “transformed into a quasi-intellectual phenomenon that makes it suitable for manipulation by self and others.”
The Price of Visibility
Authors: Facchetti Andrea
Published: January 2021

Written by Andrea Facchetti, this chapter presents an analysis on how “The Entire History of You” addresses and represents issues related to surveillance. The chapter focuses on the episode's ability to produce a fracture in the narrative framework by which discourses and visual imageries are nowadays formulated, represented, and enjoyed around the theme of surveillance. It argues that the critical potentialities of this episode lie in the ability to produce a new image of surveillance devices and of subjectivization. Specifically, this chapter draws a clear schema of contemporary surveillance, which is argued as being articulated into three main issues: the hedonistic matrix that characterizes our relationship with surveillance today, the fluid and mobile network of surveillance wherein elements can be reconfigured to occupy different positions and roles, and its normative character and the action of normalization operating in the society of control.
Technicity and the Utopian Limits of the Body
Authors: Dalmasso Anna Caterina
Published: January 2021

In this chapter, Anna Caterina Dalmasso proposes an analysis on the way this television series sheds light on the fact that human beings and technology are intrinsically entangled and mutually constituted. As pointed out by the author, technicity shall be thought of not as something that is merely added onto the natural core of embodied life, but as the very structure of the relationship between human beings and the environment. Thus, through “The Entire History of You,” “Striking Vipers,” and “San Junipero” this chapter analyzes the way digital prostheses contribute to informing and reconfiguring our bodily and embodied engagement with the world. The essay also suggests an inquiry into the experience of inhabiting an avatar as acting like a prosthetic virtual body and analyzes the fantasies of disembodiment raised by the prospects of singularity and consciousness uploading as questioned by “San Junipero,” in particular.
San Junipero
Authors: Galati Gabriela
Published: January 2021

The chapter analyzes the »transhumanist optimism of the »San Junipero« episode about mind uploading from the standpoint of critical posthumanism. The first thing that strikes one about the episode, given the apocalyptic nature of most of Black Mirror's episodes and especially with regard to the effects of technology on society in the near future, is how happy (perhaps too happy) and hopeful the ending of »San Junipero« is. The uploading of the minds of dead people to a digital simulation is openly presented as a virtual paradise wherein subjects, leaving their obsolete and transitory flesh behind, have their minds (consciousnesses? souls?) stored in a computer server room so as to finally be able to live a liberated, flawless life. This typically transhumanist perspective (see Hans Moravec, 1994), which believes that subjectivity is located in the mind and that it can be coded in terms of information, has been extensively analyzed and deconstructed by authors like Donna Haraway, Katherine Hayles, Cary Wolfe, Antonio Damasio, and Roberto Marchesini, just to name a few. Following these works, especially that of Hayles, this text will explore, complex subjectivities in order to counter the fallacy of a disembodied mind that might eventually be downloaded to any materiality that is not the body. After tracking the concept of a technological unconscious through its genealogy from Sigmund Freud (1925; 1930 [1962]), Walter Benjamin (1935), Jacques Lacan (1955 [1991]), Jacques Derrida (1967b), Franco Vaccari (1979), Vilém Flusser (1983), Rosalind Krauss (1993), to Antonio Caronia (2006), the text will show that a stratus exists in technology, and the processes by which we inter- act with it, that is not accessible to human thought, but that is nonetheless symbolically structured. This stratus is a fundamental element in the consitution of complex subjectivities and the understanding that embodiment cannot be avoided, not even in interaction and enactment within digital environments.
Eine Seuche regieren
Authors: Haus-Rybicki Sebastian
Published: January 2021

In der Bundesrepublik gehörte die Krankheit AIDS zu den großen Herausforderungen der 1980er Jahre. In einer Zeit, in der Infektionskrankheiten bereits als besiegt galten, entfaltete sich um das HI-Virus ein bedrohlicher Seuchendiskurs. Schwule Männer und Heroinabhängige, die Hauptbetroffenen der Epidemie, wurden phasenweise als gefährliche Andere stigmatisiert. Sebastian Haus-Rybicki ordnet AIDS in den Kontext der Politik-, Sozial- und Kulturgeschichte der Bundesrepublik ein und untersucht die unterschiedlichen Formen des Regierens, die Diskurse und Präventionspraktiken. Im Fokus stehen dabei nicht nur Politik und Behörden, sondern auch die schmerzhaften Erfahrungen der Infizierten und Erkrankten.
Musikalische Bildung als Transformationsprozess
Authors: Bugiel Lukas
Published: January 2021

Irritierende Erfahrungen mit Musik können dazu führen, dass sich wandelt, wie man Welt und sich selbst erfährt. Lukas Bugiel entfaltet diesen Gedanken zwischen Bildungstheorie, Musikpädagogik und Philosophie durch die Entwicklung einer Theorie transformatorischer musikalischer Bildungsprozesse. Mit einem Begriff von Ereignis und Wissen gewinnt er ein philosophisches Verständnis des Auslösers und des Gegenstands dieser Prozesse und skizziert, wie sie sich anhand von Biographien empirisch rekonstruieren lassen könnten.
Das Unsagbare verschweigen
Authors: Altmann Eva Mona
Published: January 2021

Täter*innen sind heute omnipräsent - in Film, Fernsehen, Literatur, Forschung und Popkultur. Eine kritische Reflexion der Darstellungen ist besonders da geboten, wo sie zur Identifikation einladen. Paradigmatisch für diesen ambivalenten gesellschaftlichen Trend steht die Holocaust-Literatur aus Täterperspektive. Neben einem umfassenden thematischen Forschungsüberblick legt Eva Mona Altmann ein innovatives, interdisziplinäres Modell zur Textanalyse vor, das die spezifische Rhetorik der Täter, die Steuerung von Empathie und Sympathie sowie die Möglichkeit einer textimmanenten Dekonstruktion des Täterdiskurses durch das literarische Verfahren des unglaubwürdigen Erzählens berücksichtigt.
Inszenierung von Diversität
Authors: Larsen-Vefring Sarah
Published: January 2021

Robert Lepages Theater inszeniert auf besondere Weise kulturelle Vielfalt und Differenz und stellt dabei soziale Differenzierungsmuster infrage. Sarah Larsen-Vefring beleuchtet aus kulturwissenschaftlicher Perspektive in einer umfangreichen Analyse neun Stücke des Quebecer Regisseurs aus den Jahren 2003 bis 2013. Ihre Untersuchung basiert auf Videomitschnitten und enthüllt die scheinbar grenzenlosen Möglichkeiten der Vernetzung in den transkulturellen Lebenswelten, die Lepage performativ erschafft. Durch die Lupe des Performanzkonzepts werden tiefgehende Einblicke in das Vermögen des Theaters vermittelt, mit ästhetischen Strategien Raum und Diversität in der Gesellschaft neu zu gestalten.
Die Fabrikation der Stadt
Authors: Wilde Jessica
Published: January 2021

Aus der vom französischen Soziologen Bruno Latour eingeforderten Berücksichtigung der praktischen Disziplinen und ihrer Objekte lässt sich eine Neuausrichtung der Stadtsoziologie ableiten. Jessica Wilde zeigt auf, wie sich eine solche Soziologie von der menschlichen Gesellschaft als Fluchtpunkt sozialtheoretischen Denkens verabschiedet und sich programmatisch als Technik-, Stadtbau-, Architektur-, Planungs- und Designsoziologie neu aufstellt. Den urbanen Artefakten - vom Verkehrspoller bis zum Bebauungsplan - spürt sie dabei bis in die Werkstätten der planenden und gestaltenden Berufspraktiker*innen nach und macht die »Fabrikation der Stadt« zum Gegenstand soziologischen Forschens.
War der Coronavirus-Lockdown notwendig?
Authors: Richter Dirk
Published: January 2021

Schon unmittelbar nach Beginn des Corona-Lockdowns wurde über dessen Notwendigkeit diskutiert: War das Virus vielleicht doch »nur« eine harmlose Grippe? Wäre das »Schwedische Modell« eine realistische Alternative auch in anderen Ländern gewesen? Wieso hat die Politik in vielen Ländern das Risiko des größten Wirtschaftseinbruchs seit Jahrzehnten in Kauf genommen? Dirk Richter analysiert die Pandemie-Entwicklung im Frühjahr 2020 sowie deren Hintergründe und kommt zu dem Schluss: Die Maßnahmen wären nicht zwingend notwendig gewesen, aber länger zurückliegende Fehleinschätzungen und aktuelle gesellschaftliche Entwicklungen haben sie unvermeidlich gemacht.
Migration in den Alpen
Authors: Graf Flurina
Published: January 2021

Wie lebt es sich als Migrantin oder Migrant in Graubünden? Am Beispiel der touristischen Region Oberengadin und dem ländlich-peripheren Avers und Schams zeigt diese kulturwissenschaftliche Studie Handlungsspielräume und Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten aus der Sicht von Zugewanderten auf. Wie richten sie sich am Ort und zwischen den Orten ein? Wie entstehen und gestalten sich Zugehörigkeiten? Welche Potenziale bietet die Region Zugewanderten und welche Ressourcen bringen diese mit? Mono- und multilokale Lebensweisen, transnationale Familien, innovatives Unternehmertum - ein breites Spektrum an Lebensentwürfen entfaltet sich.
Körper, Leistung, Selbstdarstellung
Authors: Schurzmann-Leder Lena
Published: January 2021

Die Auseinandersetzung mit weiblichen Körpern im TV ist durch einen kritischen Tenor geprägt, der implizit oder explizit den Medieninhalt als konstituierend für dessen Rezeption zugrunde legt. Vernachlässigt wird dabei, dass Medientexte weniger Normierungen liefern, als vielmehr gesellschaftlich vorhandene Normalisierungen widerspiegeln. Lena Schurzmann-Leder zeigt anhand ihrer Analysen und Gruppendiskussionen mit jugendlichen Zuschauerinnen von Germany's Next Topmodel, dass das weibliche Aussehen in den eigenen Lebenswelten zwar eine zentrale Rolle spielt, in der Sendung aber nur peripher interessiert. Hochbedeutsam sind stattdessen Leistungsethiken im Radius von Leistung-Lernen-Können und disziplinierte, kontextangemessene Selbsthervorbringung.
El pensamiento eclesial de la revista «Vida Nueva» en el posconcilio
Authors: Sánchez-Camacho Jesús
Published: January 2021

Al igual que la Iglesia tras el Concilio Vaticano II, Vida Nueva experimenta un proceso de profunda transformación: en el periodo posconciliar, la revista comienza un camino de renovación especializándose en un periodismo de información religiosa. Este estudio muestra la acogida del Concilio por Vida Nueva y sus propuestas en materia eclesial a través de un análisis de contenido de los editoriales del semanario de 1968 a 1975. Los resultados indican que el mensaje conciliar influye en la revista, debido a la manera de entender y analizar los acontecimientos de la Iglesia de índole nacional e internacional. El semanario tiene particularmente presente la labor de Pablo VI y de los obispos, por medio de las actividades y documentos publicados por el papa, y el trabajo de las diócesis y conferencias episcopales. Asimismo, para la revista, la apuesta por la renovación implica el compromiso de los presbíteros, los religiosos y los laicos. Igualmente, reflexiona sobre temas debatidos en el seno de la Iglesia como el celibato sacerdotal, los ministerios femeninos, la responsabilidad de los laicos y la secularización. Además, para llevar a la práctica las reformas, Vida Nueva apuesta por la promoción de las nuevas corrientes teológicas, la actualización del lenguaje, la renovación de los métodos pastorales, la reforma de la liturgia, el impulso de la evangelización, la formación de los creyentes, el fomento de la doctrina social, el ecumenismo y el diálogo interreligioso.
OEE measurement at the automotive semi-automatic assembly lines
Authors: Dobra Peter , Jósvai János
Published: January 2021

Manufacturing companies continuously evaluate their achieved performance based on different Key Performance Indicators (KPI). This article gives an overview about the OEE values. The study aims to provide practical OEE data of semi-automatic assembly lines used in the automotive industry. Its novelty is the revealed relationship between seat assembly lines and seat subassembly lines. Firstly, a literature review shows the scientific relevance and several cases are collected to increase OEE percentage. Secondly, the connection between chassis, tracks, recliner and mechanism assembly lines is described. Each part of OEE (availability, performance, quality) are analysed in terms of their impact.
Exergy Analysis of Microalgae Thermochemical Conversion using Aspen Plus Simulation
Authors: Tamzysi Cholila , Adnan Muflih Arisa , Rahma Fadilla Noor , Hidayat Arif
Published: January 2021

Microalgae is known as the future bioenergy resources due to its unlimited potential and availability. One of the numerous paths to acquire an energy source is gasification, which produce syngas and methane as a hydrocarbon fuel or feedstock product. To set up an efficient gasification plant, several essential information is needed including the effect of oxidizing agent and steam to carbon (S/C) ratio to energy efficiency on certain biomass properties. This paper aims to study the highest exergy possibility on microalgae gasification process by examining the effect of steam and air flowrate independently via ASPEN Plus simulation. The result was validated with experimental data to verify the simulation reliability. It was found that the thermodynamic based simulation is suitable to predict the reactor behavior and acquire an optimum operating condition.Keywords: microalgae; gasification; exergy; simulation
Eucharystia – zgromadzenie, Krolestwo Boże, jedność. Wokoł teologii Eucharystii Aleksandra Schmemanna
Authors: Kiejkowski Paweł
Published: January 2021

Aleksander Schmemann (1921-1983) należy do najważniejszych współczesnych myślicieli prawosławnych, którzy tworzyli na emigracji we Francji oraz w Stanach Zjednoczonych. Eucharystia: misterium Kościoła to ostatnie dzieło tego wybitnego myśliciela. Stanowi ciąg rozmyślań poświęconych Eucharystii, będących świadectwem i owocem ponad trzydziestoletniej pracy tego prawosławnego duchownego jako duszpasterza, wykładowcy, pisarza. Niniejszy tekst podejmuje wybrane wątki z jego teologii eucharystycznej. Po pierwsze, w Eucharystii urzeczywistnia się Kościół jako zgromadzenie zwołane przez Zmartwychwstałego Pana. Po drugie, Święta Liturgia jest misterium królestwa Bożego. Po trzecie, Eucharystia jest sakramentem jedności.
Groups in which each subnormal subgroup is commensurable with some normal subgroup
Authors: Dardano Ulderico , De Mari Fausto
Published: January 2021

We study groups in which each subnormal subgroup is commensurable with a normal subgroup.
Recall that two subgroups 𝐻 and 𝐾 are termed commensurable if

H
∩
K

H\cap K

has finite index in both 𝐻 and 𝐾.
Among other results, we show that if a (sub)soluble group 𝐺 has the above property, then 𝐺 is finite-by-metabelian, i.e.,

G
′′

G^{\prime\prime}

is finite.
Selective cross‐linking of coinciding protein assemblies by in‐gel cross‐linking mass spectrometry
Authors: Hevler Johannes F , Lukassen Marie V , Cabrera‐Orefice Alfredo , Arnold Susanne , Pronker Matti F , Franc Vojtech , Heck Albert J R
Published: January 2021

Cross‐linking mass spectrometry has developed into an important method to study protein structures and interactions. The in‐solution cross‐linking workflows involve time and sample consuming steps and do not provide sensible solutions for differentiating cross‐links obtained from co‐occurring protein oligomers, complexes, or conformers. Here we developed a cross‐linking workflow combining blue native PAGE with in‐gel cross‐linking mass spectrometry (IGX‐MS). This workflow circumvents steps, such as buffer exchange and cross‐linker concentration optimization. Additionally, IGX‐MS enables the parallel analysis of co‐occurring protein complexes using only small amounts of sample. Another benefit of IGX‐MS, demonstrated by experiments on GroEL and purified bovine heart mitochondria, is the substantial reduction of undesired over‐length cross‐links compared to in‐solution cross‐linking. We next used IGX‐MS to investigate the complement components C5, C6, and their hetero‐dimeric C5b6 complex. The obtained cross‐links were used to generate a refined structural model of the complement component C6, resembling C6 in its inactivated state. This finding shows that IGX‐MS can provide new insights into the initial stages of the terminal complement pathway.
DIAGNOSIS OF ENDOCRINE DISEASE: Diagnosing and classifying diabetes in diseases of the exocrine pancreas
Authors: Petrov Maxim S , Basina Marina
Published: January 2021

Diabetes in the setting of diseases of the exocrine pancreas has long existed as a known, but underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed, disorder. It currently finds itself in a state of taxonomic dereliction and requires a long overdue refurbishment. Correct conceptualisation is a key precondition for knowledge development in this disorder. This article lays out the epistemological foundation for diabetes of the exocrine pancreas (DEP) and presents a synthesis of the current interdisciplinary discourse on diagnosing and classifying DEP. A diagnosis of DEP in people with no medical records of pre-existing diabetes is generally based on the most up-to-date biochemical criteria endorsed by the American Diabetes Association and European Association for the Study of Diabetes. The presence of exocrine pancreatic dysfunction is not considered a mandatory diagnostic criterion for DEP but is rather a significant risk factor for developing DEP. DEP principally comprises post-pancreatitis diabetes mellitus, pancreatic cancer-related diabetes, and cystic fibrosis-related diabetes, which are mutually exclusive with autoimmune diabetes and type 2 diabetes. Other exclusions and stipulations apply. The DEP criteria will be instrumental in aiding optimal design and conduct of clinical studies, uniform collection of health utilisation data, meaningful comparison of scientific findings across countries, and clear communication among stakeholders (healthcare providers, patients, medical regulatory authorities, pharmaceutical industry).
Leísmo or fake-leísmo? New Insights into Catalan Contact Spanish from the FEC Corpus
Authors: Burkard Monja
Published: January 2021

The aim of this study is to describe the use of the pronouns le and les in the Spanish spoken in the province of Barcelona. We analyzed a sample of 12 reading tasks and 22 oral interviews taken from two corpora: the FEC (Fonología del Español Contemporáneo, Pustka et alii 2018) corpus (with mainly Catalan-dominant bilingual speakers) and the Corpus oral de profesionales de la lengua castellana en Barcelona (Sinner 2001, with mainly Spanish-dominant bilinguals). In doing so, we took into account several linguistic variables as well as language dominance of the speakers in order to find out 1) if there is leísmo in Catalan Contact Spanish (although there is no equivalent of leísmo in Catalan) and if so, 2) which features of the referent and of the verb trigger leísmo in this variety, and 3) if Catalan-dominant bilinguals produce leísmo to a lesser extent. While the results of the reading task suggest that leísmo is not absent in the Spanish of Barcelona, there are only a few cases of leísmo in spontaneous speech in both corpora. Regarding the linguistic variables, we see that on the one hand, leísmo is not restricted to leísmo correcto in our corpora; on the other hand, the majority are fake-leismo cases. Thus, our data seem to suggest that the Spanish of Barcelona is only a fake-leísmo variety. Regarding the language dominance, however, we find that Catalan-dominant bilinguals do not produce fewer cases of leísmo, since the leísmo rate is higher in the FEC corpus.
Las construcciones del tipo «Para chulo, yo»
Authors: Martín Gómez Félix
Published: January 2021

En el presente trabajo se estudian las construcciones del tipo «Para chulo, yo». Se trata de un mecanismo en español habilitado para la determinación de un ejemplar que, por comparación con otro previamente citado, es mejor representante de una propiedad de la que ambos participan. Se demuestra la no vinculación de la construcción con la expresión de la prototipicidad, la veracidad o la imprecisión, aunque manifiesta características comunes. La selección categorial de la preposición exige que las piezas léxicas que funcionan como término sean vagas o aparezcan en contextos puramente metalingüísticos. Sintácticamente, el SPpara se sitúa a la izquierda de una construcción no verbal, cuya férrea disposición de sus constituyentes responde al esqueleto informativo de tópico/foco sobre el esquema de clase/etiqueta-individuo. Discursivamente, suele responder correctivamente a una oración de la que es réplica y que situaba a un elemento en el entorno cuantificacional creciente de una propiedad.
Consonantismo avanzado en Madrid entre los siglos XVI y XIX a partir de un corpus documental (ALDICAM-CM)
Authors: Sánchez-Prieto Borja Pedro , Vázquez Balonga Delfina
Published: January 2021

Para explicar la historia del consonantismo madrileño, es necesario considerar también el estado actual del español. Suele atribuirse a la inmigración meridional del s. xx el carácter innovador en muchos rasgos en los sociolectos medios y bajos de la ciudad. Por tanto, hay que rastrear en la documentación archivística para determinar si tales usos son relativamente recientes o tienen sus raíces en el habla madrileña de siglos anteriores. Esto es posible gracias al uso de fuentes que atestigüen los empleos de las clases populares: peticiones a las instituciones benéficas y otros escritos. Entre los rasgos encontrados en el consonantismo, el más sorprendente es el indicio gráfico de seseo, documentado en los ss. xvi-xix. La documentación de estos y otros fenómenos avanzados en la escritura del estrato popular y medio, y no solo en la localidad de Madrid, sino incluso en zonas rurales, obliga a replantear la posición histórica del consonantismo madrileño.
«Perdona / termine»: Los actos de habla directivos en mediaciones laborales
Authors: Ridao Rodrigo Susana
Published: January 2021

El objetivo de este artículo se centra en estudiar cómo se codifican los actos de habla directivos en contextos negociadores desde el punto de vista lingüístico. El estado de la cuestión parte de la teoría de los actos de habla ideada por Austin (1962) y Searle (1969 y 1975). El corpus analizado está compuesto por cinco mediaciones laborales celebradas en Almería (España) entre los años 2003 y 2006. Desde el perfil cuantitativo, destaca el elevado empleo del imperativo, que representa el 41.9 % de los actos de habla directivos presentes en el corpus. Además, también el uso del imperativo es reseñable desde la perspectiva cualitativa, porque el enfoque pragmático demuestra que el contexto resulta determinante para valorar si los actos de habla realzan o dañan la imagen del receptor, a pesar de que el enunciado elegido esté asociado tradicionalmente a formas corteses o descorteses.
El «neutro de materia» en los Libros de los Expósitos del Real Hospicio de Uviéu (s.XVIII)
Authors: Menéndez Fernández Claudia Elena
Published: January 2021

Resumen: En este trabajo se pretende contribuir al estudio del neutro de materia en la lengua asturiana desde una perspectiva diacrónica, a partir del análisis de una serie de ejemplos extraídos de los Libros de los Expósitos del Real Hospicio de Uviéu. Estos libros, escritos en castellano aunque con numerosas interferencias del asturiano, registran la información relativa a cada niño que se abandonaba en la institución y proporcionan un gran número de casos en que se expresa la diferencia semántica entre la continuidad y la discontinuidad del sustantivo mediante la concordancia de “neutro”. Se realiza un estudio morfosintáctico de los ejemplos comprendidos entre los años 1752 y 1799 que muestra una preferencia de uso de este tipo de concordancia con adjetivos en función nominal.
La evaluación en narrativas orales de experiencia personal: esbozo clasificatorio
Authors: Guerrero González Silvana
Published: January 2021

La ‘evaluación’ en la narración ha sido abordada en múltiples trabajos, desde los estudios iniciales de Labov & Waletzky (1967) y Labov (1972). En la actualidad, las investigaciones que se hacen cargo de ella la estudian para determinar su variación social y/o para dar cuenta de sus funciones pragmáticas en la narrativa oral de experiencia personal. Esta nota no solo presenta una revisión crítica del tratamiento que ha recibido la ‘evaluación’ narrativa en lingüística, sino que propone también un esbozo clasificatorio para su estudio incluyendo en la propuesta la comunicación no verbal.
La ordenación de las acepciones en el NDHE: bases para el establecimiento del criterio genético
Authors: Campos Souto Mar
Published: January 2021

En este trabajo, tras una presentación sucinta de los criterios de ordenación de acepciones empleados habitualmente en lexicografía, se ofrecerá una explicación somera de los principios que han guiado la ordenación de acepciones en el Diccionario histórico de la lengua española (DHLE) de 1960-1996, repertorio que toma como modelo el Oxford English Dictionary (OED). Posteriormente se enumerarán las características generales del Nuevo diccionario histórico del español (NDHE), un diccionario nativo digital concebido como una base de datos léxica del español y, en particular, se brindará una aproximación a los dos modos de organización de acepciones disponibles en la actualidad en la consulta del diccionario (el cronológico y el de frecuencia). Finalmente, se formulará una primera propuesta para la implementación, en el NDHE, del orden genético (entendido como un tipo de orden lógico-lingüístico) a partir del examen de una serie de casos tipo.
Sobre la reinterpretación de algunos procesos derivativos en la Base de datos morfológica del español (BDME)
Authors: Pena Jesús
Published: January 2021

La Base de datos morfológica del español (BDME) está construida desde una perspectiva diacrónica. Sus características y estructura están descritas en Pena (2018). El objetivo de esta contribución es explicar las principales novedades adoptadas en la tipología de procesos, consistentes en (i) el añadido de dos tipos, regresión y moción genérica, (ii) modificaciones en la aplicación del proceso de conversión y (iii) la interpretación del cruce léxico.
La educación superior técnico profesional frente a nuevos desafíos: La Cuarta Revolución Industrial y la Pandemia por COVID-19
Authors: Alvarez Javier , Labraña Julio , Brunner José Joaquín
Published: January 2021

El artículo revisa en perspectiva comparada los principales efectos que tienen sobre los mercados laborales y la educación superior técnico profesional la cuarta revolución industrial y la crisis económica y social provocada por la pandemia por COVID-19. Por medio de un examen de los retos que suponen ambos procesos sobre el acceso, la calidad y la equidad en la ESTP se da cuenta de una serie de esfuerzos sinérgicos que, en medio de la aguda crisis provocada por la pandemia, ofrecen oportunidades para acelerar las transformaciones que se requieren para el sector de la ESTP de cara a las transformaciones aceleradas y sistemáticas que experimentaran los mercados laborales en el mundo
Trayectorias de equipos directivos en instituciones de educación terciaria tecnológica en países de MERCOSUR
Authors: Briasco Irma , Montes Nancy
Published: January 2021

En este artículo se presentan los avances del estudio sectorial “La oferta de educación terciaria tecnológica: caracterización del modelo de gestión desde la perspectiva de los estudios comparados” (Briasco et al., 2020) elaborado por investigadores del ámbito universitario de cuatro países de MERCOSUR: Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Paraguay y Uruguay. El foco del artículo despliega el eje referido a trayectorias de los equipos directivos. El conjunto de aspectos señalados como necesarios para la formación aporta a la posibilidad de organizar una agenda formativa que tenga como destinatarios a quienes se desempeñan en estos espacios de trabajo en una oferta que, como se señaló al inicio del trabajo, flexibiliza sus propuestas para responder a los desafíos sociales y formativos del mundo contemporáneo.
SARS-CoV-2 Seroprevalence in Lithuania: Results of National Population Survey
Authors: Šmigelskas Kastytis , Petrikonis Kęstutis , Kasiulevičius Vytautas , Kalėdienė Ramunė , Jakaitienė Audronė , Kaselienė Snieguolė , Sauliūnė Skirmantė , Beržanskytė Aušra , Stankūnas Mindaugas
Published: January 2021

Background. Betacoronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has spread in early 2020 worldwide just in several months. The official statistics are consistently collected, but this is mainly based on symptomatic reports. This study was aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in Lithuanian population.Materials and methods. Study was conducted during August–September 2020 in 6 municipalities of Lithuania. The sample comprised 3087 adult participants from the general population (mean age 53.7 years, 64% female). SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were assessed using AMP IgM/IgG Rapid Test, other data were based on self-report. Seroprevalence was assessed as a crude estimate and as adjusted by sensitivity-specificity of the test.Results. The crude seroprevalence in the total sample was 1.9%, the adjusted – 1.4%, ranging from 0.8% to 2.4% across municipalities. Among seroprevalent cases, 67.2% had IgG, 29.3% had IgM, and 3.5% had both IgG and IgM. An increased risk for seropositive test was observed among people who reported having had close contacts with SARS-CoV-2 positives (OR=5.49, p<0.001). At the borderline significance were female gender (OR=1.75, p=0.082) and non-smoking status (OR=2.95, p=0.072). Among the seropositive participants, 69.0% reported having had no COVID-19 symptoms since 1 March 2020, while 31.0% reported having had at least one of the symptoms.Conclusions. The SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Lithuanian sample in August–September 2020 was 1.4%, ranging from 0.8% to 2.4% across municipalities. Given the overall official data, by the end of study (11 September 2020) the total COVID-19 rate in Lithuania was 117.5 per 100,000 population or 0.12%. This suggests more than 10 times higher prevalence of virus across the population than the official estimates.
Efectividad de las intervenciones estructurales para la promoción del uso del preservativo en adolescentes y jóvenes: revisión sistemática
Authors: Quiroz Mora Carlos Andres , Valencia Molina Claudia Patricia
Published: January 2021

Objetivo Evaluar la efectividad de las intervenciones de tipo estructural o multicomponente dirigidas al incremento del uso del preservativo en adolescentes y jóvenes, identificar las estrategias que conforman las intervenciones evaluadas y reconocer los modelos teóricos que sustentan dichas intervenciones.Metodología Diseño: revisión sistemática de la literatura. Fuente de datos: se consultaron las bases de datos MEDLINE vía OVID, Embase y CENTRAL para buscar estudios sobre intervenciones dirigidas al incremento del uso del preservativo en adolescentes y jóvenes. Selección de estudios: se seleccionaron un total de 7 investigaciones primarias donde se evaluaba el efecto de una intervención estructural o multicomponente para incrementar el uso del preservativo en adolescentes y jóvenes. La calidad de los estudios fue evaluada usando la herramienta para valoración de riesgo de sesgos de Cochrane.Resultados Cinco investigaciones mostraron cambios en los porcentajes del uso del preservativo con valores entre 53 % y el 68 %. Las intervenciones planteadas orientaban sus acciones más a nivel individual con estrategias como: educación sobre salud sexual, consejería en salud reproductiva, conocimientos acerca del preservativo, conocimientos acerca de las ITS/VIH. A nivel organizacional y del entorno iban dirigidas a la provisión de preservativos. Los modelos teóricos planteados en los estudios están centrados en la conducta humana, comportamiento del individuo y el aprendizaje social.Discusión Las intervenciones de tipo estructural que tienen como fin el incremento del uso del preservativo en adolescentes y jóvenes parecen mostrar cambios significativos a nivel individual, pero se desconocen los posibles cambios generados a nivel de la organización y del entorno.
Promoting microstructural homogeneity during flash sintering of ceramics through thermal management
Authors: Jones Gareth M. , Biesuz Mattia , Ji Wei , John Sandra Fisher , Grimley Carolyn , Manière Charles , Dancer Claire E. J.
Published: January 2021

Flash sintering (FS) is a novel field-assisted sintering technology, where the ceramic is heated internally by the Joule effect. While FS promises a tremendous reduction of ceramic firing time and furnace temperature, it has been applied only at the laboratory scale to date. The key limitation of scaling up the technique to the industrial manufacturing level is the intrinsic difficulty managing the heat generation and obtaining homogenous microstructures in components of industrial interest. Heterogeneous regions primarily originate from the different types of thermal gradients that develop during FS; therefore, the management of heat generation is crucial to achieve uniformity. In this article, we discuss the advantages of controlling the microstructural homogeneity of ceramics during FS, and the technical routes to achieve this. The origin and formation mechanisms of thermal gradients upon flash sintering are outlined. Possible approaches to reduce thermal and microstructural gradients are identified. The opportunities and challenges in scale-up of FS are discussed from both industrial and scientific perspectives.
‘No problem’ advice during occupational health examinations
Authors: Weiste Elina , Leino Timo , Laitinen Jaana
Published: January 2021

In many countries, occupational health examinations are considered to have a central role in ensuring that employees’ health and work ability are maintained or enhanced. In contemporary Finland, the institutional goal of these examinations is to construct a health plan based on the client's own aims, and in this paper we analyse how occupational health nurses and clients in Finland negotiate what is considered to be a problem. The data consist of 10 video-recorded occupational health examination encounters, analysed by means of conversation analysis. Our analysis focuses on ‘no problem’ advice, in which the advice giving is initiated in the absence of a problem-indicative response. The client's ‘no problem’ response was typically followed by the nurse upgrading the problem that she had identified and giving a general reminder of a possible problem. The clients resisted not so much the content of the advice, but the act of advising itself. In a few cases, the client's ‘no problem’ response was followed by a turn in which the nurse contested the client's knowledge and offered advice that was tailored to the client's situation. The client acknowledged the advice as new information. Our findings indicate that regardless of client-centred ideals, the interaction in occupational health examinations is largely led by nurses, who set up the agenda and raise issues that they consider to be problems for their clients.
Interaction between patient and health professional
Authors: Holm Anita Naemi
Published: January 2021

This article presents a theoretical view on culturally embedded thinking and action in encounters between patient and health professional. A key point of the analysis indicates that a highly efficient health sector may entail an implicit duality: on the one hand, the health professional can and often must relate pragmatically to the patient in order to solve problems and do so quickly, while on the other, the professional may be personally challenged when embedded cultural thinking leads to conflicts or dilemmas. This means that a purely pragmatic perspective will be challenged when such conflicts arise. The article looks at interrelated concepts such as ‘culture’, ‘prejudice’ and ‘meaning’ in order to shed light on the presuppositions that are brought into the cultural encounter between patient and health professional. This kind of analysis will hopefully contribute to a raised awareness of what is actually – apart from pragmatic problem solving – going on in such encounters. The conceptual framework used in this article primarily draws on the German philosopher Hans-Georg Gadamer, which is contrasted with the pragmatic perspective from the American philosopher Richard Rorty.
The Use of Putonghua Subject as a Vehicle for a Pan-Chinese Identity
Authors: Clark Adam Scott
Published: January 2021

In April 2015, a meeting of a Hong Kong Legislative Council Panel discussed the potential for using Putonghua, as opposed to Cantonese, to teach the ‘Chinese Language Subject’ within the Hong Kong curriculum. Their primary reason for making this suggestion was based on the idea that Putonghua and the Han Chinese ethnicity are somehow inherently linked – if you are Han Chinese, you should be able to speak Putonghua. This paper discusses the validity of this assertion and examines language-in-education policy related to Putonghua in Hong Kong from the late-colonial period and the contemporary period to establish whether Putonghua is used by the Hong Kong Legislative Council to encourage Hong Kong pupils to identify with a pan-Chinese ethnicity and by dint, a pan-Chinese language, Putonghua.
The Art of Political Storytelling: Why Stories Win Votes in Post-truth Politics By P. Seargeant (2020)
Authors: Canning Patricia
Published: January 2021

The Art of Political Storytelling: Why Stories Win Votes in Post-truth Politics By P. Seargeant (2020) London: Bloomsbury Academic, 272pp.
The impact of British accents on perceptions of eyewitness statements
Authors: Frumkin Lara
Published: January 2021

The current study looked at the impact of British regional accents on evaluations of eyewitness testimony in criminal trials. Ninety participants were randomly presented with one of three video recordings of eyewitness testimony manipulated to be representative of Received Pronunciation (RP), Multicultural London English (MLE) or Birmingham accents. The impact of the accent was measured through eyewitness (a) accuracy, (b) credibility, (c) deception, (d) prestige, and (e) trial outcome (defendant guilt and sentence). RP was rated more favourably than MLE on accuracy, credibility and prestige. Accuracy and prestige were significant with RP rated more highly than a Birmingham accent. RP appears to be viewed more favourably than the MLE and Birmingham accents although the witness's accents did not affect ratings of defendant guilt. Taken together, these findings show a preference for eyewitnesses to have RP speech over some regional accents.
Are gendered terms inference-loaded? Evidence from Greek talk-in-interaction
Authors: Alvanoudi Angeliki
Published: January 2021

The present study examines the relation between referential indexing of gender and speakers’ cognition in instances of gendered noticing in Greek talk-in-interaction, drawing on audio recordings of informal conversations as data and on conversation analysis as method. Gendered noticing occurs after actions that invoke specific presuppositions about gender, such as the norm of heterosexuality and stereotypes regarding ‘typical’ feminine and masculine attributes and behaviour. Speakers deploy gendered terms to attend to gender as a relevant aspect of context, and to position the self and others as women or men. It is shown that via gendered noticing, speakers uncover their covert assumptions about social gender and bring their conceptualisations of gender to the ‘surface’.