bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mortality associated with cysticercosis in a historical cohort from Britain
Authors: Singh Gagandeep , Chiodini Peter , Sander Josemir W.
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT Background: The burden of premature mortality associated with human cysticercosis is largely ignored mainly due to poor record-keeping in Taenia solium endemic regions. Objective: To document mortality and survival characteristics of an historical cohort with cysticercosis. Methods: The years of onset of symptoms and death untill 1957 were extracted from published reports of a British military cohort (n=450) examined in London in the early twentieth century. Data were entered into a Kaplan Meier survival analysis with the presence (or absence) of clinical manifestations as independent variables, which were then fitted into a Cox proportional hazards model to determine their significance. Results: Cysticercosis was responsible for 24 (52.2%) of 46 deaths in the first 15 years of follow-up in comparison to 7 (19.4%) of 36 deaths in the 20-40 years of follow-up period. In the univariate and Cox analyses, intracranial hypertension (hazard ratio [HR]: 8.26; CI: 4.71, 14.49), ocular cysticercosis (HR: 6.60; CI: 3.04, 14.33), and mental disorder (HR: 3.98; CI: 2.22, 7.13) but not epilepsy (HR: 0.66; CI: 0.20, 2.18) were associated with mortality. Over half of all deaths in the first 15 years of follow-up were attributed to cysticercosis. Conclusions: Several deaths occurred early after acquiring cysticercotic infection. Intracranial hypertension, ocular cysticercosis, and mental disorder but not epilepsy were predictors of mortality in this cohort.
Rehabilitation in patients with cerebellar ataxias
Authors: Chien Hsin Fen , Zonta Marise Bueno , Chen Janini , Diaferia Giovana , Viana Celiana Figueiredo , Teive Hélio Afonso Ghizoni , Pedroso José Luiz , Barsottini Orlando Graziani Povoas
Published: February 2022

ABSTRACT Cerebellar ataxias comprise a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms, which can be acquired, degenerative, or have a genetic cause, such as spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA). Usually, the genetic and neurodegenerative forms of cerebellar ataxias present a progressive and inevitable worsening of the clinical picture so that rehabilitation treatment is fundamental. Rehabilitation treatment includes physical therapy, respiratory therapy, speech, voice and swallowing therapy, occupational therapy, and new technologies, such as the use of exergames. The current treatment of patients with cerebellar ataxias, especially neurodegenerative forms, genetic or not, should include these different forms of rehabilitation, with the main objective of improving the quality of life of patients.
Prevalência de infecção por SARS-CoV-2 e fatores associados em pessoas privadas de liberdade no Espírito Santo, Brasil
Authors: Bianchi Erika do Nascimento , Macedo Laylla Ribeiro , Maciel Ethel Leonor Noia , Sá Ricardo Tristão , Silva Adriana Ilha da , Duque Camila Leal Cravo , Jabor Pablo Medeiros , Gomes Cristiana Costa , Cardoso Orlei Amaral , Lira Pablo Silva , Zanotti Raphael Lubiana , Magno Filho Silvânio José de Souza , Zandonade Eliana
Published: February 2022

O objetivo foi estimar o percentual de pessoas privadas de liberdade no Espírito Santo, Brasil, infectados com o SARS-CoV-2 e apresentar os fatores associados ao resultado positivo. Trata-se de um inquérito sorológico, realizado entre os dias 31 de agosto e 4 de setembro de 2020, nas 34 unidades prisionais do estado. Realizou-se uma entrevista e testes sorológicos para detecção de IgG e IgM no grupo estudado. Foram avaliadas 844 pessoas privadas de liberdade, 265 testaram positivo para COVID-19, indicando uma prevalência de 31,64% (IC9%%: 28,44-34,83). Observou-se associação estatística entre resultado positivo e localização do presídio na região norte (p = 0,001), regime de prisão fechado (p = 0.002) e sexo masculino (p = 0.005). Destaca-se ainda que todos os sintomas foram observados em menor frequência no grupo dos positivos, assim como uma baixa prevalência de comorbidades (0 a 7,1%). Os resultados permitiram conhecer as características dessa população vulnerável a fim de direcionar ações de saúde.
Estratégias internacionais de flexibilização da regulação da prática de profissionais de saúde em resposta à pandemia da COVID-19: revisão de escopo
Authors: Stralen Ana Cristina van , Carvalho Cristiana Leite , Girardi Sábado Nicolau , Massote Alice Werneck , Cherchiglia Mariangela Leal
Published: February 2022

A COVID-19 foi classificada como pandemia pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) em 11 de março de 2020. Diante da sua acelerada propagação, governantes, comunidades e serviços de saúde estão tendo que agir na mesma velocidade para ampliar a capacidade da força de trabalho em saúde. Este estudo objetivou, a partir do método revisão de escopo [scoping review], identificar as principais estratégias relacionadas a medidas de flexibilização de regulações que regem as práticas de profissionais de saúde que vêm sendo adotadas e/ou recomendadas internacionalmente. O estudo seguiu as etapas propostas pelo Instituto Joanna Briggs. Para a construção da questão de pesquisa, utilizou-se o método PCC (população, conceito e contexto). A busca se baseou nas seguintes bases de dados: PubMed, Scopus e Base de Dados da OMS; e na literatura cinzenta. Foram identificados 36 documentos, classificados nas seguintes estratégias: (1) ampliação de escopo de prática; (2) transferência de funções de uma categoria profissional para outra; (3) autorização para atendimento e faturamento via telemedicina; (4) licenciamento e recrutamento de profissionais não ativos; (5) recrutamento de profissionais de outras regiões/estado; (6) mudanças na formação e oferta de treinamento. Uma das estratégias mais importantes em resposta a situações de escassez de profissionais de saúde tem sido e a disponibilidade para adaptar, ampliar e redistribuir as atividades dos profissionais, de modo a atender as rápidas mudanças. Esta revisão reflete a importância em se realizarem reformas nas regulações profissionais de forma a otimizar a força de trabalho em saúde existente para que esta possa atender às demandas constantes de necessidade da população.
“¿Por qué pasa esto? Porque vivimos en una sociedad que constantemente te dice que no eres mujer”: género y riesgo del VIH en mujeres trans del noreste mexicano
Authors: Villa-Rueda Alma Angelica , Onofre-Rodríguez Dora Julia , Colina Juan Antonio Doncel de la , Churchill Siobhan , Mendoza-Catalán Geu
Published: February 2022

Las mujeres trans enfrentan un riesgo desproporcionado de adquirir el VIH. Este estudio analiza cualitativamente el riesgo del VIH en mujeres trans mexicanas desde el género como estructura social. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo realizado en el noreste de México. Se hicieron 15 entrevistas a mujeres trans de entre 22 y 69 años y se realizó un análisis temático. El análisis de las entrevistas reveló tres categorías temáticas: construcciones sociales del VIH y estigma, el género y el VIH en las relaciones interpersonales, y el género y el VIH en las instituciones y la política. Los resultados muestran que las construcciones sociales del VIH se tejen en el colectivo, a partir de la interacción con otras mujeres trans. El VIH es un fenómeno atravesado por la temporalidad sociohistórica y, en ese sentido, se generan las percepciones de riesgo frente a él. El género como estructura de opresión se vincula con las experiencias de estigma y discriminación, así como la búsqueda de la legitimación del género a través de las relaciones con parejas sexuales. Las instituciones y la política pública se relacionan con el acceso a los servicios de salud, además se identifican y analizan las barreras institucionales, personales y colectivas a partir de la identidad de género. La política sostiene y refuerza la marginalización de las mujeres trans impactando en el riesgo del VIH. Los resultados muestran que el riesgo del VIH es un fenómeno multicausal basado en el género como estructura de opresión con implicaciones sistémicas.
Programa Hospital Seguro para a Pessoa Idosa: estudo observacional do impacto na redução de declínio funcional
Authors: Apolinario Daniel , Yamaguti Siomara Tavares Fernandes , Dutra Adriana Fatina , Lara Enilda Maria de Sousa , Coli Rita de Cassia Pires , Weber Bernardete
Published: February 2022

Ao ser hospitalizado, o idoso apresenta maior risco de complicações e declínio funcional. O presente estudo avaliou os resultados do Programa Hospital Seguro para a Pessoa Idosa. A intervenção foi realizada em um hospital filantrópico da cidade de São Paulo, Brasil, por meio de uma estratégia de implantação estruturada em 10 passos, incluindo rastreio de fragilidade, avaliação multidimensional, plano terapêutico singular, implementação de protocolos e estratégias de gestão de alta. Foram analisadas ao longo de dois anos 865 internações de idosos frágeis. Indicadores de processo e de resultado foram comparados entre o primeiro ano (período de implementação) e o segundo ano (período de consolidação). A comparação dos indicadores entre os dois períodos revelou que o programa melhorou os processos assistenciais fundamentais na qualidade do cuidado para essa população, incluindo reabilitação motora iniciada nas primeiras 72 horas (74,1 vs. 84,3%; p < 0,001), triagem de risco de broncoaspiração (38,5 vs. 82,8%; p < 0,001) e suplementação nutricional oral (55,6 vs. 76,4%; p < 0,001). A taxa de declínio funcional, que era 17,2% no ano de implantação, caiu para 11,7% no ano de consolidação, com diferença significativa após ajuste em modelo multivariável (p = 0,009). Em conclusão, desenvolvemos um programa factível para a realidade dos hospitais brasileiros e que pode ser reproduzido em outros centros usando-se uma metodologia sistematizada de implantação. Os resultados relativos aos indicadores de processos assistenciais e desfechos clínicos parecem promissores. A disseminação dessa iniciativa deve ser considerada no planejamento das políticas de saúde pública para a rede hospitalar.
Acute kidney injury associated with dengue virus infection: a review
Authors: Bignardi Paulo R , Pinto Gabriela R , Boscarioli Maria Letícia N , Lima Raissa A. A , Delfino Vinícius D. A
Published: February 2022

Abstract Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the least studied complications of dengue, but it carries high mortality rates and prolonged hospital stay. Due to the severity of this complication, the risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the increasing number of dengue cases reported worldwide, particularly in the tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Southeast Asia and South America, including Brazil, we embarked on this narrative review, aimed to update the epidemiology of AKI associated with dengue, elucidate the main pathophysiological mechanisms of AKI caused by the dengue virus infection, as well as discuss useful information on the prevention and management of AKI in patients with dengue.
PSICODRAMA COMO TRATAMIENTO PARA ANSIEDAD Y DEPRESIÓN EN PERSONAL DE SALUD QUE ATIENDE PACIENTES CON COVID-19, EN UN HOSPITAL DE NUEVO LEÓN, MÉXICO
Authors: Nuñez-Ocman Salomón Daniel , López-Rentería Andrés , Robles Garay Bernardo , Montalvo-Salas Lucero , Rodríguez-Rivera Judith , Flores-Rodarte Diana Carolina , Hernández-Cantú Enoc Isaí
Published: February 2022

RESUMEN El presente estudio, tuvo por objetivo evaluar una intervención psicoterapéutica con base en psicodrama para el personal de salud de un hospital que atiende pacientes con COVID-19 en la ciudad de Apodaca, Nuevo León, México. Se estudió a una población con ansiedad y/o depresión, midiendo sus síntomas con el Test de Goldberg. Se trató a los sujetos mediante sesiones de psicodrama y se lograron disminuir significativamente síntomas como preocupación, nerviosismo, irritabilidad; se consiguió además, aumentar la energía y el interés por las cosas en los participantes.
Anthelmintic efficacy of oxibendazole against gastrointestinal nematodes in swine
Authors: Mendonça Rafael Paranhos de , Carneiro Daniela Oliveira , Baccin Eliane Marucci , Pirágine Márcia Richena , Zoca Sara Menegatti , Rossa Luis Augusto Ferreira , Lima Guilherme Cecílio , Oliveira Francismar Barbosa de , Costa Istanlei Soares , Oliveira Gabriel Nunes de , Nogueira Sabrina Nathália Louzada , Santos-Doni Thaís Rabelo dos
Published: February 2022

Abstract In swine production, parasites, especially gastrointestinal helminths, generate considerable economic losses. Therefore, effective control measures, such as the use of the correct anthelmintics, are of paramount importance for maintaining profitability. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of the anthelmintic oxibendazole, administered orally, in pigs (non-industrial) naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes. To that end, we selected 18 pigs naturally parasitized by gastrointestinal nematodes, as determined by examination of fecal samples (eggs per gram (EPG > 500) of feces), and divided them into two groups: treated (with a 10-day course of oxibendazole) and control (untreated). After the treatment period, the animals were euthanized. During necropsy, the helminths in the gastrointestinal tract were identified and quantified. The species identified were, in order of occurrence, Ascaris suum, Trichuris suis, Oesophagostomum dentatum, and Hyostrongylus rubidus. In Brazilian swine herds, traditional (non-industrial) production systems can favor the transmission of helminths. We found that treatment with oxibendazole was 100% effective against A. suum and H. rubidus, whereas it was 99.65% effective against O. dentatum and 99.20% effective against T. suis, significantly reducing helminth counts (P < 0.01 for all). We conclude that oxibendazole is effective in controlling the main helminths in swine.
Drivers of Bank Supply of Business Loans
Authors: Castro Andrew , Glancy David , Ionescu Felicia
Published: February 2022

Numerous studies show that tightening loan supply may significantly affect credit outcomes, including declines in total lending capacity and changes in loan terms (see for example, Bassett et al. (2014), Castro et al. (2022), Lown and Morgan (2006)). Moreover, research has linked these supply-driven declines in credit to negative effects on economic outcomes, including employment or output (see Alfaro et al. (2021) or Herheknhoff (2019)).
Galdieria sulphuraria Relieves Oily and Seborrheic Skin By Inhibiting the 5-α Reductase Expression in Skin Cells and Reducing Sebum Production In Vivo
Authors:   Arterra Bioscience, srl via Benedetto Brin, 69 80142, Napoli, Italy, Bimonte M. , De Lucia A. ,   Arterra Bioscience, srl via Benedetto Brin, 69 80142, Napoli, Italy, Carola A. ,   Arterra Bioscience, srl via Benedetto Brin, 69 80142, Napoli, Italy, Tito A. ,   Arterra Bioscience, srl via Benedetto Brin, 69 80142, Napoli, Italy, Buono S. ,   CAISIAL, University of Naples Federico II, Parco Gussone - Edificio H Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy, Langellotti A. L. ,   CAISIAL, University of Naples Federico II, Parco Gussone - Edificio H Via Università 100, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy, Fogliano V. ,   Food Quality and Design Group, Wageningen University, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, Netherlands, Colucci G. , Apone Fabio ,   Vitalab srl / Arterra Bioscience srl, via B. Brin 69, 80142 Napoli, Italy
Published: February 2022

The sebum has important protective functions for the skin, although its overproduction may lead to undesired aesthetic problems and even more serious skin diseases. Sebum overproduction is caused by the androgen hormone testosterone, which is regulated by the enzyme 5-α Reductase, and can be associated with an over-proliferation of parasitic microbes that cause serious infections linked to skin inflammatory reactions. From the extremophile microalga Galdieria sulphuraria, we obtained a water-soluble extract and we found that it was capable of inhibiting the enzyme 5-α Reductase, inducing the expression of the β-defensins, which represents the first defense response mechanism triggered by the skin cells to fight against undesired microbes, and stimulating the wound healing process in skin cell cultures. The microalga extract was finally employed in clinical tests on human volunteers and it was confirmed its capacity to regulate sebum production. The results suggested that the Galdieria extract had interesting potentialities as active ingredient in cosmetic and dermatological formulas, in particular in those addressed to oily and seborrheic skins.
Medical Screening bei ionisierender Strahlung?
Authors:   Schweizerische Unfallversicherungsanstalt (Suva), Luzern, Stadtmüller Klaus
Published: February 2022

Personen, die beruflich gegenüber ionisierender Strahlung exponiert sind, werden weltweit im Hinblick auf ihre Tauglichkeit medizinisch beurteilt. In Deutschland wird dies in der einschlägigen Richtlinie aktuell immer noch als „Arbeitsmedizinische Vorsorge“ bezeichnet. In der Schweiz hat die dafür zuständige Institution beschlossen, Medical Screening als Routinemaßnahme einzustellen. Der Artikel beleuchtet die rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen und die arbeitsmedizinische Evidenz für das Vorgehen aus Sicht eines Schweizer Arbeitsmediziners, der in Deutschland „ermächtigter Arzt“ gewesen ist. Er plädiert darüber hinaus dafür, dass auch bei medizinischen Untersuchungen von Beschäftigten mit Strahlenexposition klar zwischen Gesundheitsschutz für die Beschäftigten und Betriebssicherheit für das Unternehmen differenziert werden muss.
Betriebliches Gesundheitsmanagement 4.0
Authors:   Chief Medical Officer und Global Head of Health & Wellbeing, SAP SE, Walldorf, Lotzmann Natalie
Published: February 2022

Die Digitale Transformation führt zu tiefgreifenden Veränderungen der Arbeitswelt. Ein effektives Gesundheitsmanagement sollte einerseits die mit der Digitalisierung einhergehenden Risiken minimieren und andererseits die mit ihr verbundenen Chancen durch attraktive Angebote für Beschäftigte jeden Alters nutzen. Daraus ergibt sich ein vernetztes intelligentes Betriebliches Gesundheitsmanagement der Evolutionsstufe 4.0.
Belastungen und Gefährdungen bei berufsbedingter Mobilität: eine Tagebuchstudie
Authors:   Professur für Arbeitswissenschaft, Technische Universität Dresden, Jandova Alzbeta
Published: February 2022

Stresses and risks in job-related mobility: a diary study Goal: A quarter of full-time workers in Germany are mobile for their work (mobile jobs, weekend commuters and long-distance commuters), which is attributable among other things to the increasing need for a customer- and service-centred approach and to the demand for mobile care for the elderly. In 2012, 139 people died in road traffic whilst going about their business. The consequences of traffic accidents are considerably more serious than those of other occupational accidents and require more time off work. At the same time, they represent a particular challenge for prevention since they mostly happen outside company premises. Methods: The diary study was one of several data collection methods used within the scope of the DGUV-funded project “BestMobil: Work-related mobility – Identification and Testing of Prevention Approaches”. The diary was completed in the morning/before the shift and in the evening/after the shift. It contained questions about the expectations of the day, well-being (before/after), working and driving hours, break duration, psychological and physical stress, conflicts, supporting factors and the short-term consequences of psychological strain. Results: The analysis of the diary entries (pre-test) of n=36 participants from nine companies allows an insight into the daily routine of mobile workers. It provides information on very long working hours with rather short breaks, the most common conflicts, factors that make the day easier for mobile workers and the most frequent psychological and physical complaints. Conclusion: The results of the study show that good time management, which includes good preparation, scheduled breaks and times buffers, has high prevention potential. Keywords: psychological strain – job mobility – car accidents – stress – diary
Sind Kraftfahrzeuge mit Dieselmotoren noch tolerabel?
Authors:   Institut für Toxikologie und Umwelthygiene, Technische Universität München, Greim Helmut
Published: February 2022

Are vehicles with diesel engines still acceptable? Emissions from diesel engines are made up of hundreds of components, some in the form of particles and some gaseous. In 2002, the IARC classed diesel engine exhaust as carcinogenic to humans. Research in the workplace and studies on test persons showed inflammatory responses in the lungs, asthmatic responses and cardiovascular effects. The health implications of emissions have been in the public spotlight since the diesel scandal of 2015 and have called into question the acceptance of diesel engine technology. The optimisation of combustion processes in engines and exhaust gas treatment systems have nevertheless made it possible to reduce substantially the substances in exhaust over the last 20 years. In addition, the new test cycles are a practical way of monitoring emissions. The EURO 6 standard means that there is now virtually no difference between the emissions from diesel and petrol engines in newly registered vehicles, although diesel engines consume 15-20% less fuel than petrol engines. Keywords: diesel engines – emissions – carcinogenicity – diesel scandal
Was ist Mutagenität/Genotoxizität?
Authors:   Institut für Angewandte Biowissenschaften, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Karlsruhe, Schriever-Schwemmer Gerlinde , Kreis Patricia
Published: February 2022

Testung der Genotoxizität dient der Aufklärung des kanzerogenen Potenzials und der Induktion von vererbbaren Mutationen. Die drei wichtigsten genetischen Endpunkte, nämlich Genmutationen, Klastogenität und Aneugenität, müssen hinreichend erfasst werden. Auf eine entsprechende Metabolisierung der Substanz ist zu achten, um auch indirekte Genotoxizität aufzeigen zu können. Tests zur Erfassung der Zellteilung und der Zytotoxizität sowie das Mitführen positiver Kontrollen als Nachweis der adäquaten Testung sind unabdingbar.
Beurteilungswerte in biologischem Material – Beschreibung am Beispiel des kanzerogenen Arbeitsstoffs Cobalt
Authors:   Institut und Poliklinik für Arbeits-, Sozialund Umweltmedizin der Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Weistenhöfer Wobbeke , Drexler Hans ,   Institut und Poliklinik für Arbeits-, Sozialund Umweltmedizin der Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schmitz-Spanke Simone ,   Institut und Poliklinik für Arbeits-, Sozialund Umweltmedizin der Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
Published: February 2022

Biomonitoring wird durchgeführt, um auf die innere Belastung und Gefährdung der Beschäftigten durch einen Arbeitsstoff rückschließen zu können. Beurteilungswerte wie BAT-Werte, BLW, BAR und EKA sowie Äquivalenzwerte zu ERB und AGW-analogen Werten ermöglichen eine Bewertung der Messwerte1. Toxikologisch abgeleitete BAT-Werte und BLW helfen auch in der klinischen Medizin beispielsweise bei der Bewertung einer nachgewiesenen inneren Cobaltbelastung bei Implantatträgern hinsichtlich der möglichen Verursachung einer Kardiomyopathie.
Gesund am Arbeitsplatz – Eine Zwischenbilanz nach fünf Jahren Präventionsgesetz
Authors:   BARMER, Wuppertal, Schwarz Birte
Published: February 2022

Mit dem am 25. Juli 2015 in Kraft getretenen Präventionsgesetz soll die Gesundheitsförderung direkt im Lebensumfeld gestärkt werden. Ein Fokus liegt dabei auf der betrieblichen Gesundheitsförderung. Fünf Jahre später ist es Zeit, Bilanz zu ziehen.
Wie kann der Produktionsbetrieb in der Corona-Pandemie aufrechterhalten werden? (Interview)
Authors:   Institut und Poliklinik für Arbeits-, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin der Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schmitz-Spanke Simone
Published: February 2022

Die Corona-Pandemie stellt Unternehmen und Organisationen vor besondere Herausforderungen. Viele Betriebe haben die Möglichkeit, ihre Angestellten ins Homeoffice zu schicken. Doch was ist mit systemrelevanten Produktionsbetrieben, die auf die Präsenz ihrer Beschäftigten angewiesen sind? Hauke Hannig von der Firma ebm-papst beschreibt in einem Interview mit ASU, welche Maßnahmen ergriffen wurden, damit der Betrieb weiterlaufen kann. Hauke Hannig ist Pressesprecher bei ebm-papst und Mitglied der Corona-Task-Force im Unternehmen.
Einfluss eines aktiven Hand-Exoskeletts auf die Muskelaktivität im Unterarm bei industriellen Montage-Greifarten
Authors:   Institut für Angewandte Bewegungswissenschaften, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Mayer Tobias Alexander , Harsch Ann-Kathrin ,   Institut für Angewandte Bewegungswissenschaften, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Koska Daniel ,   Institut für Angewandte Bewegungswissenschaften, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Hensel-Unger Ralph ,   Institut für Angewandte Bewegungswissenschaften, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Maiwald Christian ,   Institut für Angewandte Bewegungswissenschaften, Technische Universität Chemnitz
Published: February 2022

Influence of an active hand exoskeleton on muscle activity of the forearm in industrial assembly grip types Objective: The study aims to identify the effects of the soft exoskeleton Bioservo IronHand® on muscle activity of the forearm flexor muscles in the following gripping tasks relevant to automotive assembly: 2-finger grip (2Finger), 5-finger grip (5Finger), full-hand grip (HandUmf). Methods: Twelve subjects were included in the study. The following exoskeleton conditions were applied to each subject for each grip task: Exoskeleton off (Off), Exoskeleton on, Locking Tendency 0 % (On_LT0) and Exoskeleton on, Locking Tendency 85 % (On_LT85) in order to examine their effects on the myoelectrical muscle activity of the forearm flexors at 50 % of the individual maximum hand strength (measured at M. flexor digitorum superficialis). Results: In the 2Finger condition, mean muscle activity, normalised to maximal muscle activation (MVE), increased significantly in On_LT0 (22.84 %MVE) compared to Off (18.51 %MVE, +4.33 %MVE, 95% CI [+1.88 %MVE; +6.78 %MVE]). No significant differences in muscle activity were observed for the 5Finger condition (Off: 19.38 %MVE, On_LT0: 20.37 %MVE, and On_LT85: 18.80 %MVE). For 2Finger and 5Finger conditions, clear intraindividual increases of muscle activity (> Root Mean Square Error) were observed for one-third and one-quarter of all subjects respectively. In the HandUmf condition, mean muscle activity decreased significantly in both On_LT0 (28.87 %MVE, –4.35 %MVE, 95% CI [–1.36 %MVE; –7.35 %MVE]) and On_LT85 (26.98 %MVE, –6.24 %MVE, 95% CI [–3.25 %MVE ; –9.24 %MVE]) compared to Off (33.23 %MVE). Conclusion: The soft exoskeleton Bioservo IronHand® may reduce myoelectrical muscle activity of the forearm flexor muscles at 50 % of the maximum hand strength during HandUmf by 13 % (95% CI [4 %; 22 %]) for On_LT0 and 19 % (95% CI [10 %; 28 %]) for On_LT85 conditions. However, in 2Finger and 5Finger grip tasks, up to one third of the subjects showed increases in muscle activity of up to 120 % (reference level without support). Based on these results, the suitability of the exoskeleton remains questionable at least for these specific grip tasks at 50 % of the maximum hand strength. Keywords: exoskeleton – hand – work – grip – electromyography (EMG)
Körperliche Belastung am Arbeitsplatz beurteilen
Authors:   Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin (BAuA), Berlin, Schust Marianne , Liebers Falk ,   Bundesanstalt für Arbeitsschutz und Arbeitsmedizin (BAuA), Berlin, Hartmann Bernd ,   ArbMedErgo, Hamburg, Serafin Patrick ,   Institut für Arbeitsmedizin, Sicherheitstechnik und Ergonomie e.V. (ASER), Wuppertal, Gebhardt Hansjürgen ,   Institut für Arbeitsmedizin, Sicherheitstechnik und Ergonomie e.V. (ASER), Wuppertal, Klußmann André ,   Institut für Arbeitsmedizin, Sicherheitstechnik und Ergonomie e.V. (ASER), Wuppertal
Published: February 2022

Zur körperlichen Belastung bei der Arbeit zählen das manuelle Handhaben von Lasten, repetitive manuelle Arbeitsprozesse, das Aufbringen von Ganzkörperkräften, die Körperfortbewegung und die Körperzwangshaltung. Für die Gefährdungsbeurteilung stehen seit Kurzem neue Leitmerkmalmethoden (LMM) zur Verfügung. Sie wurden umfangreich evaluiert und werden als Screening-Verfahren für die praxisnahe Beurteilung zur Anwendung empfohlen.
Simkult: Ein Serious Game zur Förderung der Sicherheit und Gesundheit bei der Arbeit
Authors:   Institut für Psychologie und Arbeitswissenschaft, Technische Universität Berlin, Kapp Felix , Seidel Anna ,   Informations-, Kommunikations- und Medienzentrum (IKMZ), Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus-Senftenberg
Published: February 2022

Simkult: A serious game for the promotion of health and safety at work Objective: This article describes the serious game Simkult: an innovative approach to prevention in occupational health and safety. The game Simkult imparts knowledge of topics such as working atmosphere, leadership, participation and their impact on health and safety and serves as a starting point for reflection and further development of one’s own prevention culture. Method: The serious game was developed together with employees, managers and game designers. It consists of a management simulation for 5-20 players. Within the game players have to manage their own restaurant over the course of several rounds. They are responsible for productivity as well as safety and health. An early version of the game was used to evaluate to what extent the game can serve as a starting point for further discussion of prevention issues in a work context. A total of 48 people played the Simkult digital prototype. In addition to the game, they had access to a digital learning environment on the topics of leadership, participation, working atmosphere, culture to deal with errors, health management and communication. Results: The result of playing Simkult was to increase knowledge of the subject and the motivation to deal with the issue of safety and health. Conclusion: Simkult provides an opportunity to illustrate the relationships between work processes (e.g. communication, participation) and productivity, and hence safety and health. It offers a good starting point for working as a team on one’s own prevention culture. Initial evaluation results suggest that the game, together with accompanying material, has the potential to address the topic of safety and health in a holistic manner. Keywords: safety and health - prevention culture - serious games
Der Weg zur Arbeit vom so genannten dritten Ort
Authors: Holtstraeter Reinhard
Published: February 2022

Traten Versicherte ihren Weg zur Arbeit nicht von zu Hause, sondern von einem anderen – so genannten dritten – Ort an, forderten Berufsgenossenschaften und Rechtsprechung bisher einen Vergleich mit dem üblichen Arbeitsweg. Versicherungsschutz sollte nur bestehen, sofern der Weg vom dritten Ort nach Strecke, Beschaffenheit, Verkehrsmittel oder Zeit keine Risikoerhöhung gegenüber dem üblichen Arbeitsweg bedingte. Mit interessanter Begründung, die auch für den Weg von der Arbeit zum dritten Ort gelten müsste, hat das Bundessozialgericht diese Rechtsprechung jetzt verworfen.
Ergonomiegerechtes Arbeiten im Homeoffice (Interview)
Authors:   Institut und Poliklinik für Arbeits-, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin der Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Schmitz-Spanke Simone
Published: February 2022

Flexibles Arbeiten von Zuhause aus ist nicht erst seit Beginn der Corona-Pandemie ein immer wiederkehrendes Thema, mit dem sich Unternehmen und Beschäftigte auseinandersetzen müssen. Voraussetzung für eine optimale Arbeitsumgebung ist unter anderem die adäquate technische und ergonomische Ausstattung des Homeoffice. Im folgenden Interview beantwortet Stefan Reuter aus Sicht eines führenden Lösungsanbieters für ergonomiegerechtes Arbeiten Fragen zum Thema Homeoffice und flexibler/mobiler Arbeit.
Herausforderungen der Digitalisierung: social health@work
Authors:   BARMER, Erfurt, Schwarz Birte
Published: February 2022

Die Coronakrise hat einen wahren Digitalisierungsschub ausgelöst, der sowohl Chancen als auch Herausforderungen für Unternehmen und Beschäftigte mit sich bringt. Betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung (BGF) ist durch die neuen Arbeitsumstände wichtiger denn je. Doch auch die BGF selbst muss neu aufgestellt werden.
Herbstkonferenz der Gesellschaft für Arbeitswissenschaft
Authors:   Professur Arbeitswissenschaft, Technische Universität Dresden, Schmauder Martin
Published: February 2022

Die Herbstkonferenz der Gesellschaft für Arbeitswissenschaft e. V. (GfA) hat am 23. und 24. September 2021 im Dornier-Museum in Friedrichshafen als Präsenzveranstaltung stattgefunden. Mitveranstalter war das ECN – Ergonomie Kompetenz Netzwerk e. V., das sein 20-jähriges Bestehen zum Anlass genommen hat, unter dem Thema „Zeitbezug und Transformation – Ergonomie im Wandel des Fortschritts“ seine jährlich stattfindenden „Tage der Ergonomie“ mit der GfA-Herbstkonferenz zusammenzulegen.
Praxisprojekte der Deutschen Rentenversicherung im Bundesprogramm „rehapro“
Authors:   Deutsche Rentenversicherung Bund, Geschäftsbereich Prävention, Rehabilitation und Sozialmedizin, Kontaktstelle rehapro, Berlin, Stecker Christina
Published: February 2022

Wie können Menschen gesundheitlich und rehabilitativ noch besser unterstützt werden, damit eine drohende Erwerbsminderung, eine Behinderung oder eine chronische Krankheit vermieden wird? In über fünfzig innovativen Modellvorhaben zur medizinischen und beruflichen Rehabilitation, Prävention und Nachsorge beteiligt sich die Deutsche Rentenversicherung mit praxisorientierten Lösungsansätzen am Bundesprogramm „rehapro“. Erprobt werden neue Ansätze zur beruflichen (Re-)Integration sowie neue und veränderte Zugangswege, insbesondere zu Betrieben, betrieblichen Akteurinnen und Akteuren sowie Unternehmensnetzwerken.
SPORCULARDA EGZERSİZ SONRASI GECİKMİŞ KAS AĞRISI (DOMS) VE BESLENME MÜDAHALELERİ
Authors: ŞENTÜRK Gözde , GÖBEL Pınar
Published: February 2022

Egzersiz sonrası gecikmiş kas ağrısı, akut kas ağrısına nazaran egzersizden sonraki ilk 24 saat içinde hissedilen, 1 ve 3 gün arasında pik yapan etkisi 5-7 gün sonra tamamen azalan bir ağrı türüdür. Gecikmiş kas ağrısına yönelik ilgi ve araştırmalar giderek artmaktadır. Gecikmiş kas ağrısı üzerinde farklı oluşum mekanizmaları bulunmakla birlikte oluşum mekanizmaları tam olarak açıklanamamıştır. Beslenme müdahaleleri gecikmiş kas ağrısını azaltmanın önleyici ve/veya tedavi edici yollarından biridir. Çalışmalar beslenme müdahalelerinin gecikmiş kas ağrısını azaltabileceğini bildirmiştir. Pek çok çalışma kafein, omega-3 yağ asitleri, taurin, polifenoller ve kurkuminin gecikmiş kas ağrısı üzerindeki etkisini bildirmiştir. Antioksidanlar, L-karnitin, BCAA, allisin gibi takviyeler ile yapılan küçük müdahalelerden ise tutarlı veriler bildirilmemiştir. Gecikmiş kas ağrısı sporcular üzerinde daha çok çalışmaya ihtiyaç duyulan bir alandır. Hasarın ciddiyeti, bireysel tepki,kullanılan doz- cevap ilişkisi, alım süresi ve etkilendikleri belirteçler gibi daha çok faktör dikkate alınarak bu faktörlerin incelendiği daha çok çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır. Bu derlemenin amacı gecikmiş kas ağrısının tedavisi ve önlenmesinde etkili olabileceği düşünülen beslenme müdahalelerine değinmek ve gecikmiş kas ağrısı ile beslenme arasındaki ilişkiyi ele almaktır.
Betekintés a Kecskemét közeli Nyíri-erdő talajfelszín közeli pókfaunájába
Authors: Bali László , Andrési Dániel , Tuba Katalin , Szinetár Csaba
Published: February 2022

Jelen kutatásunkban a Nyíri-erdő 5 (32-117 éves, valamint főként szürke nyár, kocsányos tölgy és akác főfafajú) erdőrészletének talajfelszín közeli pókfaunáját vizsgáltuk talajcsapdázással. Ez a módszer a külföldi és a hazai gyakorlatban egyaránt elterjedt a talajfelszínen élő pókok vizsgálatában. A mintagyűjtést 2016-ban végeztük, 190 napon át. Összesen 39 faj 1802 egyedét fogtuk be. A leggyakoribb faj a Pardosa alacris volt, 361 egyeddel. A legtöbb fajjal (8) a kövipókok családja került kimutatásra. A csapdázott együttes túlnyomó többségét a talajfelszínen vadászó fajok egyedei alkották. A legtöbb pók június hónapban került csapdázásra. Az általunk gyűjtött minta indikátorfaj-készletének kompozíciója alapján a területek jó természetességű, részlegesen felnyílt és viszonylag száraz élőhelyeknek tekinthetőek. Ugyanakkor az együttesek Shannon diverzitása és kiegyenlítettsége is viszonylag alacsony volt. Az ordinációs elemzés alapján a vizsgált erdőrészletek mintái jól elváltak egymástól.
A magyarországi hosszú lejáratú erdészeti tartamkísérleti hálózat fenntartásának korszerű irányelvei, adatfeldolgozási módszerei és legfontosabb eredményei
Authors: Kollár Tamás , Borovics Attila
Published: February 2022

A magyarországi hosszú lejáratú erdészeti tartamkísérleti hálózatot 1962-ben alapították Solymos Rezső irányításával, azóta az Erdészeti Tudományos Intézet folyamatosan fenntartja a hálózatot és vizsgálja adatait. A hálózat fenntartásának alapvető céljai változatlanok annak megalapítása óta. Elsődleges célja, hogy megfelelő bázist nyújtson az erdőművelési és fatermési kutatásoknak Magyarországon. A kísérleti hálózat bükk (Fagus sylvatica), kocsánytalan tölgy (Quercus petraea), cser (Quercus cerris), kocsányos tölgy (Quercus robur), gyertyán (Carpinus betulus), magas kőris (Fraxinus excelsior), erdei fenyő (Pinus sylvestris), fekete fenyő (Pinus nigra) és lucfenyő (Picea abies) fafajokból álló erdőállományokban található. Több mint 3000 parcella, közel 11000 felvételi jegyzőkönyvének adataival rendelkezünk (átmérő, magasság, osztályozás), melyekből 6600 feletti jegyzőkönyv digitálisan hozzáférhető és felhasználható. Körülbelül 1200 parcella jelenleg is élő mintaterület. Összefoglaljuk a kísérleti parcellák kitűzésének, felvételének és fenntartásának részletes módszertanát, és a tartamkísérletek eredményei alapján eddig készült legfontosabb publikációkat. Ezek közül kiemelkedőek a fafajonként készült országos fatermési táblák és erdőnevelési modellek, amelyeket az újabb adatok birtokában szükséges megújítani.
Fiatal somogyi kocsánytalan tölgyek és csertölgyek szárazságérzékenységének összehasonlító vizsgálata
Authors: Németh Tamás Márton , Szabó Orsolya , Móricz Norbert
Published: February 2022

Jelen munkánkban somogyi kocsánytalan tölgyek és csertölgyek (Quercus petraea, Q. cerris) aszályra adott növekedési reakcióját vizsgáltuk, egy csapadék gradiens mentén. Az értékeléshez 136 évgyűrűmintát használtunk fel, valamint az aszályérzékenység meghatározásához dendroökológiai számításokat végeztünk. A vízhiányt a talaj vízháztartásán alapuló nedvesség-stressz index felhasználásával becsültük meg. Az eredmények alapján, mindkét fafaj évgyűrű képzését leginkább az adott év nyári csapadék mennyisége határozta meg, de a két fafaj eltérő stratégiát folytat az aszályos időszakok átvészelésére. A csertölgy érzékenyebben reagált az aszályokra, mint a kocsánytalan tölgy, amely a faj aszályokkal szembeni kisebb ellenállási és nagyobb regenerálódási képességéből adódott. A csertölgy esetén a növekedés visszaesése egyenesen arányos volt a nedvesség-stressz érték növekedésével, míg a kocsánytalan tölgy az egyre erősödő szárazságra erőteljesebb növedék visszaesést mutatott, ami a faj kisebb mértékű rugalmasságára utal. Mindezek alapján úgy látszik, hogy a csertölgy jobban ellenáll az aszályoknak, mint a kocsánytalan tölgy, így akár versenyképesebb is lehet az előre jelzett klímaváltozás kapcsán.
Yaşlandırma işlemi öncesi uygulanan kriyojenik işlemin Ti-15V-3Al-3Sn-3Cr metastabil β titanyum alaşımının yorulma çatlak ilerlemesi davranışlarına etkisi
Authors: YUMAK Nihal , ASLANTAŞ Kubilay , ÇETKİN Ahmet
Published: February 2022

Ti-15V-3Al-3Sn-3Cr alaşımına kriyojenik işlem ve kriyojenik işlem ardından tek basamaklı ve dubleks yaşlandırma işlemi uygulanarak, alaşımının mikro yapısal özellikleri, çekme özellikleri ve yorulma çatlak ilerlemesi davranışları incelenmiştir. Alaşıma -196°C’de 24 saat kriyojenik işlem uygulanmıştır. Dubleks ve tek basamaklı yaşlandırma işlemleri ise düşük ve yüksek sıcaklıkta uygulanmıştır. Dubleks yaşlandırma işlemlerinde 250°C’de 24 saat ve 300°C’de 10 saat olmak üzere iki farklı ön yaşlandırma işlemi uygulanarak, ön yaşlandırma işleminin de alaşımın yorulma çatlak ilerlemesi davranışlarına etkisi incelenmiştir. Kriyojenik işlem ardından dubleks yaşlandırma işlemi uygulanan numunelerde α fazları daha küçük boyutta oluşmuş ve mikro yapıda çökeltiden yoksun bölgeler gözlemlenmemiştir. Ayrıca kriyojenik işlem ardından yaşlandırma işlemi uygulanan numunelerde alaşımın yüzde uzamasında bir azalma olmaksızın mukavemet değerlerinde belirgin artışlar elde edilmiştir. Tek basamaklı yaşlandırılmış numunelere kıyasla dubleks yaşlandırılmış numunelerde α fazlarının küçük boyutlarda ve mikro yapıda düzenli şekilde çökelmesi sonucu yorulma çatlak oluşumu gecikmiş ve çatlak ilerlemesi direnci artmıştır.
Mathematical Problem-Solving Behaviors of the Routine Solver
Authors: Mairing Jackson Pasini
Published: February 2022

The research refined the theories of students’ characteristics in solving mathematical problems and constructed a holistic understanding of their problem-solving behaviors. It aimed at describing the problem-solving behaviors of a routine problem solver. The routine bridged the gap between the expert and the novice. This research used a qualitative approach which was carried out in six stages. The research participant was Rina (female, pseudonym), one of the 11th-grade students from one of the high schools in Palangka Raya City, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. The selection of the participant was based on certain criteria. The instruments were three mathematics problems and semi-structured interviews. The trustworthiness of the research was fulfilled through credibility, dependability, and transferability checking. The results showed that the routine could understand problems and was able to identify the known and the target. The routine only focused on developing a plan which was based on a lack of concepts, limited previous experiences, or limited strategies. Problem-solving behaviors of the routine were between the expert and the novice.
The role of reason in the establishment of practical goals. A dialogue with some interpretations of Aristotle
Authors: Gómez Laura
Published: February 2022

There is a current debate about the interpretation of the Aristotelian theory of action concerning the role of reason in the establishment of practical ends, given that in some passages Aristotle assigns to character the role of establishing ends, and in others he gives reason the role of government in the soul. How can these two groups of textual evidence be reconciled? In this article I will argue that these two types of evidence explain two different psychological phenomena. For this purpose, I will discuss the main and most recent interpretations in this debate (intellectualism, anti-intellectualism and indirect intellectualism), showing how, although character establishes our habitual representations, desires and actions, reason can question and oppose them, as we can see in the processes of character change.
triaje en los servicios de urgencias en hospitales de la subregión suroeste de Antioquia. Estudio observacional descriptivo
Authors: Villegas-Zuluaga Tricel M. , Elejalde-Vidal Paola A. , García-Cano Juan F. , Martínez-Pérez Diana C. , Vallejo-Bocanumen Carlos E.
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: el objetivo de este estudio fue identificar la implementación del triaje en los servicios de urgencias hospitalarios, posterior a la divulgación de la resolución 5596 de 2015 del Ministerio de Salud de Colombia, en los hospitales de la subregión Suroeste del departamento de Antioquia.
Métodos: estudio observacional descriptivo, tipo corte transversal. Se incluyeron los 23 hospitales públicos de los municipios de la subregión suroeste de Antioquia. Se utilizó muestreo no probabilístico, por conveniencia. Los datos se obtuvieron mediante encuesta y técnica de entrevista estructurada.
Resultados: la encuesta fue respondida por funcionarios de los hospitales de los 23 municipios del suroeste antioqueño. Sólo 3 instituciones (13 %) tienen una adecuada implementación de resolución 5596 (política de triaje) del ministerio de salud (adherencia a la resolución mayor al 80 %), el 74 % reportaron una adherencia a la resolución > 20 % y ≤ 80 % y 3 instituciones no lograron un porcentaje de adherencia mayor al 20% a la resolución. Sólo 3 instituciones (13 %) utilizan triaje validado, en otras 3 instituciones (13 %) no saben cuál tipo de triaje usan y en la mayoría de las instituciones (74 %) emplean un triaje no validado internacionalmente.
Conclusiones: a pesar de ser una normativa de obligatorio cumplimiento por parte de todos los hospitales del territorio nacional, sólo el 13 % de los hospitales incluidos en el estudio cumplen con los criterios técnicos de la política de triaje del Ministerio de Salud de Colombia.
Dairy goats fed sunflower hay intercropped with chickpea in small-scale systems. Part I: Animal performance
Authors: Sainz-Ramírez Aurora , Estrada-Flores Julieta-Gertrudis , Velarde-Guillén José , López-González Felipe , Arriaga-Jordán Carlos-Manuel
Published: February 2022

Background: Small-scale livestock systems provide quality food for a growing demand of animal protein worldwide. Although these systems help to improve rural living standards and reduce the environmental footprint new feeding strategies should be tested to improve animal productivity. Sunflower -which is native to México- and chickpea -also common in the study area- may be used as feed alternatives for dairy goats. Objective: To evaluate the effect of substituting corn straw with sunflower-chickpea hay on yield and nutrient composition of goat milk. Methods: In this participatory study, a total of 28 multiparous Saanen dairy goats were randomly assigned to two treatments (14 goats each) during a 30-day experiment in a small farm. Two weeks prior to the experiment all goats received an adaptation diet. One treatment (MZST) received a conventional diet of lucerne hay (200 g/goat/day) and concentrate (400 g/goat/day), plus 600 g/goat/day (50% of the ration) of corn straw. The second treatment (SFCPT) contained the same lucerne and concentrate content with 600 g/goat/day of sunflower-chickpea hay. Milk yield and composition, and live weight and body condition of the goats were recorded for each treatment. Results: SFCPT significantly increased milk yield, protein, and solids content, but no difference was observed in milk fat. Conclusion: Dietary supplementation of goats with sunflower and chickpea hay increases milk production, protein, and total solids content compared with corn hay.
Participación política y educación de las mujeres durante la Dictadura de Primo de Rivera: las asambleístas
Authors: Grana Isabel , Trigueros Gordillo Guadalupe , Robles Sanjuan Victoria
Published: February 2022

El objetivo del artículo es dar a conocer las aportaciones de las primeras mujeres que ocuparon un escaño en la Asamblea Nacional, durante la Dictadura de Primo de Rivera. Para ello, nos acercamos a la participación política que tuvieron durante ese periodo, fijándonos fundamentalmente en las organizaciones católicas, feministas o no, y sus ideas sobre la educación femenina, porque una gran mayoría de las elegidas pertenecen a este sector.
Analizamos las intervenciones de las asambleístas, que debatieron aquellos temas considerados más importantes para las mujeres del momento y, que hemos establecido alrededor de tres grandes núcleos: Feminismo y derechos de la mujer; Educación, enseñanza y valores, y Beneficencia y Protección a la infancia y a la mujer. Para ello hemos acudido a las fuentes primarias, concretamente a las actas de los diarios de sesiones. 
 Como conclusión fundamental, hay que destacar que la actividad política de estas mujeres supuso modificar su exclusión de un terreno habitualmente definido en masculino, el de la política, que sentó las bases para una movilización femenina por la ciudadanía política que se intensificará durante la segunda república.