bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las competencias docentes de profesores de ELE en el Instituto Cervantes: perfil competencial y tipo de contrato
Authors: Martínez Gil Pablo , Iban Manas , Birello Marilisa
Published: June 2023

Las competencias de los docentes, su desarrollo profesional y la práctica reflexiva son cuestiones básicas para los profesores de lenguas extranjeras. Para trabajar estos aspectos, se han elaborado documentos de referencia que proponen una categorización de competencias docentes y ofrecen parrillas de evaluación. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar las relaciones entre competencias docentes en función del tipo de contrato y su efecto en el desarrollo profesional de los profesores. Se diseñó un cuestionario sobre competencias de los profesores de español como lengua extranjera a partir del documento de Las Competencias Clave del Profesorado del Instituto Cervantes. El análisis factorial aplicado a las respuestas de un grupo de profesores (N = 67) del Instituto Cervantes identificó varias subcompetencias entre las competencias originales. Los resultados permitieron caracterizar el desarrollo competencial de los profesores y explorar las relaciones que se establecen entre diferentes competencias. Las comparaciones realizadas muestran diferencias entre profesores de plantilla y colaboradores sobre su implicación en el desarrollo profesional y sobre la participación en actividades de mejora docente en la institución. Mientras los docentes de plantilla refieren una alta participación activa en el centro, entre colaboradores esta participación es más variable y condiciona el desarrollo de otras competencias.
Educating for global citizenship and peace through awakening to languages: A study with institutionalised children
Authors: Silva Vera , Lourenço Mónica
Published: June 2023

Global citizenship education (GCE) has been deemed an educational imperative to respond to the times of unprecedented change we are living in. Existing research with preschool children indicates that GCE nurtures personal respect and respect for others, and raises children’s civic engagement, which are fundamental aspects in creating and sustaining peaceful societies. Despite this, empirical studies focusing on GCE pedagogies for the early years are still lacking, particularly with vulnerable groups of children. This qualitative case study aims to understand the contribution of the Awakening to Languages approach in the development of attitudes, values and skills conducive to global citizenship and positive peace. The study was conducted with a group of Portuguese children aged 3 to 6 living in a care home run by a religious congregation. Children participated in a five-month project titled ‘A house where we all fit’, which included multilingual activities and virtual exchanges with children in similar institutions in Colombia and Tanzania. Data were collected via questionnaires, self-assessment sheets and fieldnotes, which were treated using descriptive statistics or content analysis. Results suggest that the activities promoted children’s awareness of and respect for diversity, raised their self-knowledge and self-esteem, and developed communication and collaboration skills.
Why do students choose EMI courses? An analysis of their motivational drives
Authors: Serna Bermejo Iratxe , Lasagabaster Herrarte David
Published: June 2023

The great influence of motivation in the learning process is widely acknowledged since it plays a key role in any learning context. However, as educational realities change, researchers are assailed by new questions that must be resolved. Through this research we intended to know the motivations that lead university students to enrol in EMI (English-medium Instruction) courses instead of choosing courses in their L1, BMI (Basque-medium Instruction) or SMI (Spanish-medium Instruction). A total of 455 students from the University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU completed a questionnaire in which they were asked about their motivations towards EMI, taking Dörnyei’s (2005) L2MSS as theoretical framework. The statistical analysis revealed that the majority of students showed motivations related to the Ideal L2 Self and to personal preferences, while they did not feel pressured by their tutors or by the university itself for studying in English (the Ought-to L2 Self). The innovative nature of this study lies in the fact that students’ choices included both a minority language (Basque) and a majority one (Spanish), which has allowed us to identify students´ motivations to choose EMI over BMI  or SMI in a multilingual university context in which three different languages are used as MOI.
Camino al español: A Comprehensive Course in Spanish. De Andrés Martínez, C., Bonelli, N., Cook, C., & Trippet, A. (2nd ed.) (2023). Cambridge University Press, 645 páginas. ISBN: 978-1-108-75080-6
Authors: Rodríguez García Cristina
Published: June 2023

Reseña del manual Camino al español: A Comprehensive Course in Spanish (2023) publicado por Cambridge University Press.
MIRROR ANTENNA MODELLING CHARACTERISTICS REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF METEOROLOGICAL FACTORS
Authors:   Don State Technical University  344000, Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Gagarin sq., 1, Zvezdina M.YU. ,   FSUE Rostov-on-Don Research Institute of Radio Communication  344038, Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Nansen Ave., 130, Shaposhnikova A.M. ,   FSUE Rostov-on-Don Research Institute of Radio Communication  344038, Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Nansen Ave., 130, Shokova YU.A. ,   Don State Technical University  344000, Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Gagarin sq., 1, Fedorov Den.S. ,   FSUE Rostov-on-Don Research Institute of Radio Communication  344038, Russia, Rostov-on-Don, Nansen Ave., 130
Published: June 2023

An electrodynamic model of a millimeter-range single-mirror antenna with a puddle in the reflector is given. As a justification for the need for a model, the influence of rainfall on the design of millimeter-range mirror antennas was assessed. The aim of the study was to create a model of the parabolic reflector of a mirror antenna with an aqueous precipitation layer, with parameters chosen for the climatic region in which the antenna is located. An analysis of known models of single mirror antennas with a layer of precipitation has been carried out. It has been shown that the known models do not describe the operation of a millimeter-range mirror antenna with a reflector in which a puddle of water has formed. It is suggested that the influence of this layer on the directional characteristics of the antenna be assessed with the aperture method used for mirror antennas with reflector profile defects. The results of the modelling of the directivity pattern of a mirror antenna with a puddle of water in the reflector are presented. It is shown that the appearance of a puddle leads to an asymmetric change in the height of the first side lobes of the directivity pattern in the vertical plane. In the horizontal plane, changes are observed in the growth level of each side lobe, except for the first one. The lobes' symmetry is not affected. Research focus: The process of emitting a millimeter electromagnetic wave using a single mirror antenna with a layer of water in the reflector. Subject of the study: "Mirror antenna reflector with water precipitation layer - millimeter wavelength electromagnetic wave" system. Methods: Electromagnetic meteorological method, modified aperture method, modified Ruze method, statistical meteorological method. Main result: A wireless communication system using the magnetic component of the electromagnetic field has been developed. Practical relevance: The results of this research may be useful in the design of millimeter-range mirror antennas to assess the influence of meteorological precipitation on the directivity characteristics. The work was presented at the VIII All-Russian Microwave Conference "Microwave week 2022" in Moscow.
Profilaxia para náuseas e vômitos induzidos por quimioterapia antineoplásica em pacientes pediátricos em hospital de ensino: avaliação da adesão a protocolos
Authors: ALVES Safira R. , COSTA Iwyson H. , LIMA Camila S. , GROIA-VELOSO Ronara C. , OLIVEIRA Georgiane C. , CHEMELLO Clarice
Published: June 2023

Objetivos: Descrever as taxas de adesão a protocolos institucionais quanto a profilaxia antiemética em pacientes pediátricos em uso de antineoplásicos e possíveis fatores associados. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal retrospectivo, realizado num hospital de Ensino de Belo Horizonte. Foram incluídos pacientes pediátricos, admitidos de janeiro a junho de 2022, para realização de quimioterapia. Os dados demográficos, clínicos e farmacoterapêuticos foram coletados de prescrições médicas e prontuários clínicos. A análise descritiva dos dados foi realizada determinando frequências absolutas e relativas para as variáveis categóricas e medidas de tendência central e de dispersão para as numéricas. As associações entre náuseas e vômitos induzidos por quimioterapia e as variáveis de exposição foram verificadas por meio da análise univariada utilizando-se o teste de qui-quadrado de Pearson, sendo considerada de significância estatística um valor de p<0,05. Resultados: Foi identificado que a prática de prescrições na instituição se aproxima mais das recomendações disponibilizadas pelos guidelines da American Society of Clinical Oncology e da Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer | European Society of Medical Oncology em que foi verificado 62% de conformidades, enquanto o guideline da Pediatric Oncology Group of Ontario apresentou 4,6% de conformidade. A subutilização de medicamentos foi a principal causa de discordância às recomendações, sendo a omissão da prescrição de dexametasona o motivo mais frequente de desacordo. Identificou-se associação estatisticamente significativa entre registro de náuseas ou vômitos e uso de vincristina e ciclofosfamida. Conclusão: O estudo detectou alta adesão as recomendações dos protocolos American Society of Clinical Oncology e da Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer | European Society of Medical Oncology, ainda que o número de náuseas e vômitos relatados aponte para uma falha na profilaxia antiemética. A associação entre registro de náuseas e vômitos e o uso de vincristina e ciclofosfamida foi estatisticamente significativa.
INERTIAL ABSOLUTE AND RELATIVE REFERENCE SYSTEMS
Authors:   CJSC Vladimir Electromechanical Plant, PAVLOV V.D.
Published: June 2023

It is noted that the problem of choosing a frame of reference for the relative motion of inertial objects of comparable mass is especially relevant for interplanetary flights at a considerable distance from the planets. There is a point of view that all inertial frames of reference are equal and the choice between them is determined solely by the convenience of calculations. The aim of the work is to determine the absolute inertial frame of reference for the relative unaccelerated motion of an arbitrary number of inert objects in three-dimensional Euclidean space and to establish its difference from relative frames of reference. For the same inert objects moving relative to each other, different coordinate systems give completely different total kinetic energies of objects. In this sense, it is not possible to recognize them as equal in rights. Obviously, none of these coordinate systems can be considered as absolute. An absolute coordinate system should be considered such a system, the choice of which completely excludes arbitrariness. This requirement is satisfied by a system in which the total kinetic energy of inert objects is minimal. The absolute coordinate system coincides with the center of mass of inert objects and with the epicenter of their hypothetical repulsion from the state (also hypothetical) of mutual immobility. After a hypothetical repulsion, the velocities of inert objects relative to the center of mass acquire the same values as in the absolute coordinate system. Along with a wide variety of reference systems in the mutual motion of unaccelerated inertial objects, including those associated with these objects (these reference systems can be considered relative), there is one absolute reference system associated with the center of mass of the considered inertial objects. The considered repulsions of inert objects are calculated and may have nothing to do with reality. The number of inert objects in determining the absolute coordinate system is not limited by anything. It can be either two objects or a star system.
CHARGE MOBILITY ALONG THE POLYMER/POLYMER INTERFACE
Authors:   Institute of Physics of Molecules and Crystals, LACHINOV A.N. , DAVLETGAREEV H.I. ,   Akmullah Bashkir State Pedagogical University, YAKHIN A.R. ,   Akmullah Bashkir State Pedagogical University, YUSUPOV A.R. ,   Akmullah Bashkir State Pedagogical University, KARAMOV D.D. ,   Institute of Physics of Molecules and Crystals, GALIEV A.F. ,   Institute of Physics of Molecules and Crystals
Published: June 2023

Organic thin-film transistors are increasingly being used in various electronic devices, successfully replacing transistors on silicon and other traditional semiconductors. The advantages of such electronic devices are particularly noticeable in the development of flexible electronic devices. However, one of the intractable problems of organic devices is the low mobility of charge carriers, often not exceeding 10-3 cm2/Vs. Obviously, this significantly limits the scope of their application. In this paper, a new approach to the formation of a transport layer in an organic field-effect transistor is proposed. This approach is based on the use of anomalous transport properties occurring along the interface of two dielectrics. Along such a boundary, a layer of quasi-two-dimensional electron gas with abnormally large values of conductivity and mobility of charge carriers can occur. In this regard, polymer heterostructures representing a field-effect transistor with a transport layer made in the form of an interface between two films of an unconjugated (dielectric) polymer, polydiphenylene phthalide, were investigated in this work. Along such a boundary, a layer of quasi-two-dimensional electron gas with abnormally large values of conductivity and mobility of charge carriers can occur. In this regard, polymer heterostructures representing a field-effect transistor with a transport layer made in the form of an interface between two films of an unconjugated (dielectric) polymer, polydiphenylene phthalide, were investigated in this work. The paper describes the technology of creating a multielectrode device. Polymer films were made by centrifugation from a polymer solution in cyclohexanone. The metal electrodes were manufactured by thermal deposition in vacuum. Measurements of the electrophysical characteristics of an organic field-effect transistor have been carried out. It is established that the main charge carrier along the interface are electrons. Estimates of the mobility of charge carriers were carried out using two different techniques. At zero potential at the gate, an injection model of currents limited by a volumetric charge was used. In the presence of a potential on the gate, the mobility assessment was made within the framework of the field effect model. Comparison of the obtained estimates showed satisfactory agreement of the mobility values. From this fact, it was concluded that it is possible to use an injection model to estimate the mobility of charge carriers when they move along the polymer/polymer interface.
INVESTIGATION OF POLYMER-POLYMER INTERFACES BY ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY
Authors:   Akmullah Bashkir State Pedagogical University, KORNILOV V.M. , KARAMOV D.D. ,   Institute of Molecule and Crystal Physics, ABAKUMOV A.N. ,   Akmullah Bashkir State Pedagogical University, KHUSAINOV T.R. ,   Akmullah Bashkir State Pedagogical University, YUSUPOV A.R. ,   Akmullah Bashkir State Pedagogical University
Published: June 2023

The results of an experimental study of polymer-polymer interfaces in submicron films of polydiphenylene phthalide are presented. Using atomic force microscopy, it was found that polymer films have an internal structure, and the structural elements have the shape of spheroids. The properties of the polymer and the nature of the observed images made it possible to use a model of brittle polymer fracture to describe the results. A model of the formation of interface layers at the interface between the elements of the supramolecular structure and between sequentially deposited polymer layers is proposed. It was found that a transition layer with a thickness of about 10-20 nm formed by lateral fragments of polymer molecules is formed in the interface region.
ALLIUM AFLATUNENSE «PURPLE SENSATION» AT THE SOUTH URAL BOTANICAL GARDEN-INSTITUTE
Authors:   South Ural Botanical Garden-Institute, TUKHVATULLINA L.A. , ABRAMOVA L.M. ,   South Ural Botanical Garden-Institute
Published: June 2023

The article presents the results of Allium aflatunense "purple sensation" introduction test. Studied: phenology, morphometry, reproducibility, reproduction and assessed the success and prospects of the species in culture. Phenorhythmotype is a short-seguing ephemeroid. In spring, it grows in the 2nd-3rd decade of April. Blooms at the end of May. The flowering phase lasts an average of 15 days. Seeds ripen in the first half of July. The period from growing to ripening of seeds is 78-84 days. A. aflatunense "purple sensation" ends vegetation at the end of June. The height of the plant is from 57 to 75 cm, the thickness of the stem is up to 0.6 cm, the length of the leaf is 43-47 cm, the width of the leaf is 2.9-4.2 cm, the diameter of the inflorescence is 9.5-12.5 cm, the diameter of the flower is up to 1.2 cm. The lowest fertility is observed in 2015: the number of flowers in the umbrella is 4488 pcs., The number of fruits - 9-23 pcs., The number of seeds in the umbrella - 14-30 pcs., fruit formation - 23.5%, productivity coefficient - 27.0%. The largest reproductive indicators are noted in 2021: the number of flowers - 104-223 pcs., The number of fruits - 73-160 pcs., The number of seeds in the umbrella - 122-333 pcs., fruit formation - 72%, productivity coefficient - 35.0%. Seed and vegetative reproduction (with bulbs). The weight of 1000 pieces of seeds is 3.0 g. According to the assessment of success and prospects, this onion is assigned to the group of promising plants (16 points). A. aflatunense "purple sensation" deserves attention as an ornamental early flowering plant.
The Relationship Between Subjectivity and Ambivalence in the Black Mirror Series
Authors: AKYOL OKTAN Kevser
Published: June 2023

One of the prominent elements of modernity is the desire to eliminate ambivalences. The desire for certainty is also very decisive in rational subject definitions. However, in today’s societies, the idea that the basis of individuals’ existence as subjects in social life is gradually eroded, that subjectivity is intertwined with ambiguities has begun to come to the fore. It can be said that the ambivalence has destructive effects in the process of the individual’s being able to create himself as a subject, as well as the possibilities that allow to think about new types of subjectivity. This double-sided relationship between ambivalence and subjectivity is frequently mentioned in popular culture products, especially in dystopian narratives. In this study, the subjectivity-ambivalence relationship is discussed in the Black Mirror series. A qualitative analysis of all parts of the series selected by the purposive sampling technique was made. The series examined within the framework of the characters’ status of being a subject-passive, their struggle to exist as a subject/active, if any. These struggles, which emerged as the ambiguity of dualist structures such as subject-object, perpetrator-victim, good-evil in the series, have been questioned in the context of what kind of negativities ambiguities are associated with in the construction of a free and independent individual, or whether they make it possible to think about the possibilities of liberation.
HAND2-AS1 is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: June 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that HAND2 antisense RNA 1, encoded by HAND2-AS1, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. HAND2-AS1 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Modulation of HAND2-AS1 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
POU2AF1 is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: June 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that POU class 2 homeobox-associating factor 1, encoded by POU2AF1, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. POU2AF1 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of POU2AF1 in primary tumors was correlated with patient overall and recurrence-free survival. Modulation of POU2AF1 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
MUKHTALIF HADIS DAN METODE PENYELESAIANNYA
Authors: Khoerunnisa Atikah
Published: June 2023

Hadist berkedudukan penting dalam agama Islam. Posisi hadist ditingkatan ke dua dari Qur’an selaku naskah pedoman Islam. Selain menjadi penjelas daripada Qur’an, Hadist menentukkan dalil diluar pembahasan Qur’an. Hadits sangat penting sehingga banyak para sahabat yang menjaganya, mengamalkannya serta menyampaikannya dari zaman ke-zaman. Dari banyaknya macam-macam hadist, terdapat hadis yang ber tentangan yang mana dengan ditulisnya artikel ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan apa itu mukhtalif hadis dan bagaimanametode penyelesaiannya.
LOC101929578 is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: June 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that transcription factor CP2-like, encoded by LOC101929578, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. LOC101929578 mRNA was present at increased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Modulation of LOC101929578 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Technology Adaptation Program Through Microsoft Office Word Training for Students at SDN 1 Wonokerto
Authors: Wardhani Michelia Dyan Cindy
Published: June 2023

The development of education in the field of technology and information is needed by students. In accordance with the times, technology is needed so that students are able to compete and make things easier. One of the technology adaptation activities carried out is by getting used to using laptop devices and training students to use Microsoft Word. Microsoft Word is useful so that students have experience in using it. This study aims to describe the technology adaptation program through Microsoft Word for students at SDN 1 Wonokerto. Based on the problems faced by SDN 1 Wonokerto in the form of no technology adaptation activities, a technology introduction activity was carried out in the form of Microsoft Office Word software training so that students are accustomed to using technology. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. The data collection techniques used were observation, interviews and documentation of school principals, teachers and students. The data analysis technique used in this study is data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of implementing this activity can provide experience and skills to SDN 1 Wonokerto students in introducing and adapting technology by utilizing Microsoft Word. Thus, the implementation of technology adaptation program activities can provide benefits for the use of information technology and computers, especially through Microsoft Word training.
KONSEP DASAR EKONOMI MAKRO
Authors: daud Nur amalia
Published: June 2023

Ekonomi Islam adalah suatu ilmu yang mempelajari perilaku bagaimana seorang muslimdalam suatu masyarakat itu dalam kegiatan perekonomian yang didasarkan atas prinsip prinsipsyariah yang telah ditetapkan sehingga ekonomi itu bisa dilaksanakan secara menyeluruh agarterciptanya keseimbangan atau kesejahteraan dalam masyarakat.
Weird but real equations in academic publishing
Authors: Vuong Quan-Hoang , Le Tam-Tri , Jin Ruining , Nguyen Minh-Hoang
Published: June 2023

There exist the following bizarre equations, which are completely real in the world of scientific editing.
HADIS-HADIS MUKHTALIF DAN METODE PENYELESAIANNYA
Authors: Najariah Vina
Published: June 2023

Didalam Artikel ini membahas tentang hadis mukhtalif dan metode penyelesaiannya. Hadismukhtalif ialah hadits yang terlihat bertentangan, didalam hadis ini diperlukannya penyelesaiankontradiksi antar hadis dengan menggunakan teori mukhtalif hadis. Didalam ilmu mukhtalif haditsdikatakan jika sepasang hadis yang kontradiksi, ada beberapa cara untuk menyelesaiakannya yaitumemakai al-jam’u wataufiq (mengkomromikan keduanya), metode nasakh, dan metode tarjih, jikatiga cara tersebut tidak dapat diselesaikan maka penyelesaian terakhir yaitu tawaqquf. Dalampembahasan artikel ini akan membahas 3 pasang hadits mukhtalif atau saling bertentangan dengancara atau metode penyelesaiannya yang dirasa penting untuk dikaji bahkan dibahas karena untukmeminimalisir terjadinya salah penafsiran terhadap hadits yang dibaca oleh pembaca
Cara Penyelesaian Hadits Mukhtalif menurut Imam Syafi'i
Authors: 27 Ismail
Published: June 2023

Ilmu hadits mukhtalif ialah ilmu yang melakukan pembahasan mengenai sejumlah hadits dengan tampak kontradiktif di luarnya, sehingga kemudian kontradiksi tersebut dapat diselesaikan atau dicari jalan tengahnya. Adapun pembahasan hadis-hadis yang sukar dipahami maupun dideskripsikan, maka kesulitan-kesulitan tersebut dihilangkan dan dijelaskan esensi pemahamannya.
REINVENTING GOVERNMENT DALAM PENINGKATAN KUALITAS PELAYANAN PUBLIK
Authors: Ameliah Nurul
Published: June 2023

Dorongan dalam meningkatkan kualitas kinerja aparat pemerintahan terus menerus dibahas, dikarenakan banyaknya perombakan sistem yang dilakukan di Indonesia saat ini, bagian birokrasi pemerintahan selaku pemberi jasa pelayanan dan sasaran pokok bagi warga negara, reformasi terhadap pandangan bahwa pemerintah sebagai pemegang kekuasaan kini berubah sebagai pelayan masyarakat. Aspek semangat kerja birokrasi pemerintah juga penting untuk ditingkatkan. Namun, kenyataan yang terjadi saat ini, masyarakat kurang berpartisipasi dalam menyuarakan pendapatnya saat proses pengambilan keputusan yang dilakukan dengan langsung atau tidak langsung(perwakilan lembaga). Maka dari itu, dengan penerapan reinventing government, maka pemerintah dapat membangun kepercayaan masyarakat yang lebih baik lagi.
CONTOH HADIS-HADIS MUKHTALIF DAN METODE PENYELESAIANNYA
Authors: noerkholis abdullah
Published: June 2023

Hadis adalah asal ajaran islam yang kedua sesudah alquran. Kepercayaan ini memimbing kaum islam untuk menjadikan hadis menjadi kehidupan sehari-hari karena hadis juga merupakan bimbingan Allah swt. Sebagai sumber petunjuk islam, hadis pada dasarnya tidak dapat dibantah dengan dalil lain, karena kebenaran tidak berlawanan dengan kebenaran. Jika ada yang bermasalah, itu hanya terlihat di luar. Menyimpang dari dasar ini, beberapa ulama mencoba memecahkan masalah jika mereka menemukan teks hadis yang bermasalah. Hadis-hadis yang barangkali bermasalah ini biasanya diucap mukhtalif . Jadi, ilmu ini berurusan dengan hadis, yang bagaimanapun secara jelas bermasalah. Salah satu masalah dalam mengutip hadis maqbul sebagai dalil untuk memecahkan suatu masalah adalah adanya riwayat-riwayat yang seolah-olah saling bertentangan. Ini dikenal dengan hadis mukhtalif. Para ahli hadis mencoba mencari solusi untuk situasi ini. Di sebagian ulama yang memberikan jalan keluar kepada hadis mukhtalif adalah Imam alsyafi, dan pada dari itu, pada abad kedua hijriyyah, ketika konflik hukum menjadi rumit sampai nyaris menimbulkan perpecahan umat, Imam syafi tampaknya berhasil meminimalisir perselisihan di muka bumi. konsep hukum sunnah nabi dapat dijadikan sebagai pangkal hukum dan yang beda dengan rancangan sebelumnya
The inordinate unpopularity of changing all eponymous bird and other organismal names
Authors: Winker Kevin
Published: June 2023

A proposal by Foley and Rutter (2020) to eliminate all eponymous English bird names was published in the Washington Post, a Washington, D.C. newspaper. Fears (2021) reported in this same newspaper that a racist and colonialist history is perpetuated in some English bird names, especially eponyms, and that a social movement is working to change those names. These articles generated hundreds of online comments. I used sentiment analysis on these comments to quantify public reaction to this proposal and topic. Among the 340 scored comments to Foley and Rutter (2020), negative opinions outnumbered positive ones by 3.36:1. Scoring comments by relative magnitude of their sentiment (-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3) yielded an average score of -1.18. These results indicate this proposed action is very unpopular and causes pronounced divisiveness. The 570 scored comments to the Fears (2021) article were also negatively skewed (2.3:1), though less so (average score -0.58). Politicization and the left-right nature of the issue were rampant in the comments on both articles, indicating that the subject was immediately brought into the culture wars. The divisive nature of the topic was also evident within self-identified left-leaning respondents. These results likely underestimate public negativity to this proposal, because the Washington Post is a left-leaning newspaper. Similarly, Guedes et al. (2023) called for eliminating all eponymous organismal names, and a sentiment analysis of comments about that article was even more starkly negative, showing 95% of commenters opposed. More data like these are needed. There is considerable risk that broadly de-commemorating eponymous organismal names will create more negative than positive outcomes (e.g., through asymmetric polarization and the culture wars). We must also ask: Does excluding people who do not share our views achieve our objective of inclusiveness? When is it acceptable to take away someone’s hard-won knowledge by changing key terms in our shared biodiversity linguistic infrastructure? There are more constructive ways to address diversity, equity, and inclusion.
FCRL2 is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: June 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that Fc receptor-like 2, encoded by FCRL2, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. FCRL2 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of FCRL2 in primary tumors was correlated with patient overall, distant metastasis-free and recurrence-free survival. Modulation of FCRL2 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Hallucinating ChatGPT and the innocent lawyer
Authors: Shimoura Kaito , Le Tam-Tri
Published: June 2023

We discuss the incident of Steven A. Schwartz submitting documents containing fake cases written by ChatGPT to the court.
MRI-Guided Focused Ultrasound Therapy for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Muskan Jaferi Lajore Esirwe
Published: June 2023

MRI-guided focused ultrasound therapy is an innovative and non-invasive approach for thetreatment of various types of cancer. This technique combines the precise targeting capabilities ofMRI imaging with the therapeutic effects of focused ultrasound energy to selectively ablatecancerous tissue. In this paper, we provide an overview of MRI-guided focused ultrasound therapy,including its principles, advantages, and clinical applications in cancer treatment. We also discussthe current challenges and future prospects of this emerging therapy.
WNT11 is a differentially expressed gene in brain metastatic human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: June 2023

Metastasis to the brain occurs in a significant fraction of patients with breast cancer (1-3). We mined published RNA-sequencing and microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with brain metastasis in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that Wnt family member 11, encoded by WNT11, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the brain metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. WNT11 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in brain metastatic tissues as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Expression of WNT11 in primary tumors was correlated with patient recurrence-free survival. Modulation of WNT11 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Contribution of membrane-associated oscillators to biological timing at different timescales
Authors: Stengl Monika , Schneider Anna C.
Published: June 2023

Environmental rhythms such as the daily light-dark cycle selected for endogenous clocks. These clocks predict regular environmental changes and provide the basis for well-timed adaptive homeostasis in physiology and behavior of organisms. Endogenous clocks are oscillators that are based on positive feedforward and negative feedback loops. They generate stable rhythms even under constant conditions. Since even weak interactions between oscillators allow for autonomous synchronization, coupling/synchronization of oscillators provides the basis of self-organized physiological timing. Amongst the most thoroughly researched clocks are the endogenous circadian clock neurons in mammals and insects. They comprise nuclear clockworks of transcriptional/translational feedback loops (TTFL) that generate ~24 h rhythms in clock gene expression entrained to the environmental day-night cycle. It is generally assumed that this TTFL clockwork drives all circadian oscillations within and between clock cells, being the basis of any circadian rhythm in physiology and behavior of organisms. Instead of the current gene-based hierarchical clock model we provide here a systems view of timing. We suggest that a coupled system of autonomous TTFL and posttranslational feedback loop (PTFL) oscillators/clocks that run at multiple timescales governs adaptive, dynamic homeostasis of physiology and behavior. We focus on mammalian and insect neurons as endogenous oscillators at multiple timescales. We suggest that neuronal plasma membrane-associated signalosomes constitute specific autonomous PTFL clocks that generate localized but interlinked oscillations of membrane potential and intracellular messengers with specific endogenous frequencies. In each clock neuron multiscale interactions of TTFL and PTFL oscillators/clocks form a temporally structured oscillatory network with a common complex frequency-band comprising superimposed multiscale oscillations. Coupling between oscillator/clock neurons provides the next level of complexity of an oscillatory network. This systemic dynamic network of molecular and cellular oscillators/clocks is suggested to form the basis of any physiological homeostasis that cycles through dynamic homeostatic setpoints with a characteristic frequency-band as hallmark. We propose that mechanisms of homeostatic plasticity maintain the stability of these dynamic setpoints, whereas Hebbian plasticity enables switching between setpoints via coupling factors, like biogenic amines and/or neuropeptides. They reprogram the network to a new common frequency, a new dynamic setpoint. Our novel hypothesis is up for experimental challenge.
Mental simulation of future possibilities: Preparing for action or protecting the self?
Authors: Sjåstad Hallgeir , Bø Simen
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we propose a dual-motive theory of how future possibilities are typically simulated and evaluated. According to this framework, people attempt to strike a balance between preparing for action (approach-based expansion) and protecting the self against threat (avoidance-based narrowing), in which the main function of future thinking is to prepare the person for action. As suggestive empirical basis, we review selected findings from psychology and social science – including cognitive sampling of alternative possibilities, prediction, planning, moral judgment, experienced and anticipated emotion, and mental health research. Across these diverse domains, approach-based expansion can lead to agentic optimism, constructing a wide space of positive possibilities to pursue and choose from, whereas avoidance-based narrowing can lead to defensive pessimism, reducing the attentional perspective to a risk-minimizing exit strategy. The overarching goal with proposing this simplified framework is to help organize research on possibility-generation through a motivational lens, focusing on context-dependent changes in the two modes of prospective motivation: approach-based expansion vs. avoidance-based narrowing. Hopefully, the proposed dual-motive framework can serve as a guide for new directions in future research, exploring how alternative possibilities are created, realized, and sometimes neglected in human life.
Men Exhibit an Attentional Bias for Injured and Sexualized Female Imagery After Playing a Female Opponent in a Violent Video Game: An Eye Movement Experiment
Authors: Hollett Ross C
Published: June 2023

Exposure to sexualized women within violent video games has been experimentally linked to subsequent hostile sexism and sexual assault attitudes. The present study aimed to examine the potential role of visual attention as a marker for such socio-cognitive effects. We randomly assigned 161 male and female participants to play a violent or nonviolent game against male and/or female opponents and then measured their subsequent gaze behavior towards images of injured, sexualized and injured/sexualized women in a preferential image task. Men who played a female opponent in a violent game showed visual preferences towards injured, sexualized and injured/sexualized images of women, when compared to men who played a female opponent in a nonviolent game. However, pre-experimental self-reported rape myth acceptance attitudes did not correlate with gaze behavior or prior video game play. These findings suggest that certain video game content is capable of priming preferential gaze behavior towards images of injured and sexualized women. Furthermore, evidence of sustained attention towards women with injuries following violent video game play was suggestive of a desensitization effect. This experiment is the first to demonstrate that exposure to sexualized female characters in violent games influences subsequent gaze behavior towards injured and sexualized women.
Starting from Zero: Task Learning in Completely Naïve Individuals
Authors: Wang Aaron , Williams Lauren , Ogunlade Oyindamola , Morales Jorge , Kuchibhotla Kishore
Published: June 2023

Humans often learn about the world by observing, imitating, and receiving explicit instruction from others. Even when learning via trial-and-error or reflection, human adults often do so immersed in a relevant context. But what happens when most of this scaffolding is removed? How effectively can humans bootstrap learning in an information- and context impoverished environment? In eight pre-registered experiments, we sought to understand how effectively humans learn from ‘zero’ in a series of simple stimulus recognition tasks that subjects easily learned when provided with explicit instructions. When no explicit guidance was provided, fewer than half of the subjects learned the task despite receiving trial-by-trial feedback and monetary reward. Surprisingly, providing partial, explicit instructions about the structure of the task—a ubiquitous pedagogical approach—did not improve performance nor reduce individual variability. Instead, explicit instructions that constrained the action space (i.e., valid key presses) partially recovered performance but still pointed to action inhibition as particularly challenging to learn without explicit instructions. Our results suggest that individual differences emerge in impoverished environments without reflecting underlying capacity, and that a major driver of learning, even for the simplest of tasks, is a combination of luck and the nature and quality of scaffolding available to the learner.
Effects of Tiffin Practices on the Health of School Students in Makawanpur District, Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Ram Prasad , Adhikari Bhashkar Chandra , Dhimal Ashmita , Khadka Krishna Lila , Shrestha Shriya , Pudasaini Sushma , Neupane Sushma
Published: June 2023

The main goals of the study are to explore the existing tiffin practices among school students, and assess the effects of tiffin practices on their health. The study was conducted in 2023, among 100 students of four schools out of 65 community schools in Hetauda sub-metropolitan in Makawanpur district. Second stage cluster sampling method was adopted to select the study area and the students were selected with simple random sampling method from different grades (1-12) of the community schools of Hetauda sub-metropolitan. Semi-structured questionnaire and checklist were used to collect the data and information. Among them 66.00 % school students consumed packed food where only 21.00% of the students consumed homemade food as tiffin. Among the surveyed 64 students, 59.4% of students had faced stomachache, 29.7% students had faced vomiting, 4.7% encountered nausea and 6.3% underwent allergies. Chi-square test was employed to test the null hypothesis. Age, gender and grade were significantly associated with tiffin practices (p≤ .05). There was no significant association between packed food and health hazards (p= .347). Lack of time of the parents, imitation of the peers, taste of junk food, lack of awareness led the consumption of junk or packed food that caused various health hazards on school going children.
Pengendali Dan Pemantau Arus Tegangan Pada Terminal Listrik Rumah Tangga Berbasis IoT
Authors: Setiawan Ardiansyah , Istiadi Istiadi , Priyandoko Gigih
Published: June 2023

Internet of things (IoT) sangat bermanfaat memberikan peran membantu aktivitas rumah tangga dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Dengan kecanggihan yang disajikan oleh Internet of Things (IoT), memungkinkan IoT untuk melakukan pengontrolan dan pemantauan penggunaan listrik pada suatu lokasi dari jarak jauh tanpa menggunakan kabel yang dikontrol melalui smart phone yang kita miliki. Korsleting listrik banyak ditemukan di kota-kota besar yang dimana penggunaan listrik berlebih tanpa ada pengontrolan sehingga menimbulkan panas pada suatu perlengkapan elektronik yang mengakibatkan percikan api dan kebakaran rumah. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini yaitu mengembangkan teknologi smart home dalam mengendalikan dengan memanfaatkan smartphone android dan teknologi wifi. Hal ini juga membantu pengguna untuk mengendalikan perangkat smart home hanya dengan smartphone dan memanfaatkan teknologi wifi. Hasil dalam penelitian ini yaitu 223 volt ampere meter dengan arus 1 sebesar 0,03 dan arus 2 sebesar 3,29. Rata-rata waktu dalam penyusutan tegangan sebesar 1,66 detik. Dengan Smart Electric Terminal berbasis Internet of Things kita dapat melakukan pemantauan dan pengendalian penggunaan listrik di rumah kita. Microcontroller NodeMCU dan Arduino Nano dilengkapi dengan dua Sensor Arus ACS712 dan Sensor SCT013 dengan tambahan satu Sensor Tegangan ZMPT1018 memudahkan pengguna untuk mengatur dan memantau pergerakan aktivitas listrik di rumah. Tidak hanya itu Smart Electric Terminal dilengkapi dengan Modul Relay yang dimana dapat memutus arus listrik yang berlebih.
Teaching Ayad Akhtar’s Disgraced: Navigating Islamophobia and Orientalism in the Drama Classroom
Authors: Abadian Talin
Published: June 2023

Following its 2013 Pulitzer Prize win and various productions across the country and abroad, Ayad Akhtar’s Disgraced has become a popular play to include in Theatre History syllabi. It is also one of very few plays written by a MENASA playwright to secure a place in the canon of contemporary American drama. Yet the content of Disgraced has been widely misunderstood and misinterpreted. A meeting point for contrasting ideas, the play has continuously excited and engaged but also confused and provoked students. This article proposes a re-framing of the play as a pedagogical tool to introduce and expand on Edward Said’s Orientalism and its implications and manifestations in contemporary culture and media. By chronicling experiences teaching the play to undergraduate students of theatre, this article investigates the ways in which the play’s main concerns, and tension points, can be explored and conscientiously addressed in the drama classroom.
Diana Looser. Moving Islands: Contemporary Performance and the Global Pacific
Authors: Wenley James
Published: June 2023

Moving Islands: Contemporary Performance and the Global Pacific, by Diana Looser, affirms the region’s cultural importance and global relevance. Moving Islands issues a specific challenge to theatre and performance studies scholars to pay attention to the Pacific and comprehensively engage with its dynamic contribution to global performance.