bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Insight into ongoing and emerging therapeutic options for COVID-19: a review
Authors: Singla Shweta , Kaur Amanjot , Kaur Mandeep
Published: October 2020

ABSTRACTThe outbreak of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has evolved into a global pandemic and has posed significant threats to health and the economy worldwide. It can manifest from mild disease to severe respiratory failure requiring intensive care management. Currently, there is no sufficient evidence that any existing drugs can effectively treat SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia though supportive care remains the mainstay of treatment. However, there are many ongoing clinical trials of potential anti-COVID-19 therapies including the vaccines. In the current review, we Summarized the information available about COVID-19 medications, and treatment options.
An exploratory study on prevalence of self-medication among the students of selected university, Rajpura, Punjab
Authors: Malhotra Kashish , Rani Komal , Kaur Parminder , Kaur Navdeep
Published: October 2020

Background: Self-medication is defined as the use of non-prescription drugs by an individual for the treatment of self-diagnosed ailments. The aim of the study is to assess the prevalence of self-medication and to explore the factors leading to self-medication among the students of selected university. The aim of this research was to assess the prevalence of self-medication among students, to explore the factors leading to self-medication among students, and to find out the association between the prevalence of self-medication and selected socio-demographic variables.Methods: It was an exploratory design. 500 students were selected by using a convenient sampling method. Students of selected university were included in the study to assist the prevalence of self-medication and to explore the factors leading to self-medication. A self- structured questionnaire was used for collecting data.Result: Self-medication was reported by 88.4% of students. The most common ailment for which self-medication is being taken was pain (84.40%) followed by respiratory (83.80%). Most students take self-medication occasionally (77.30%). Only 5.40% of students take self-medication daily. The most common factor which leads to self-medication in students was confidence in self-medication (83.4%) followed by family and friend’s advice (82.0%). There was no association between socio-demographic variables and the prevalence of self-medication except association seen with gender.Conclusion: The study concluded that the prevalence of self-medication in students of selected university was 88.4% and self-confidence is the most common factor which leads to self-medication. Self-medication is an important issue among students.
An overview of treatment options for COVID-19
Authors: Mohapatra Madhusmita Mohanty , Rajaram Manju , Dwivedi Dharm Prakash , Govindraj Vishnukant , Upadhya Pratap
Published: October 2020

Severe acute respiratory syndrome- coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) which emerged in Wuhan initially as pneumonia of unknown origin in December 2019, later spread to whole world and became pandemic on 11th March, 2020. Many drugs have been proposed but are backed without clinical evidence. Scientific bodies are in the row to discover a reliable vaccine and effective drugs against the novel coronavirus. Many antiviral and anti-parasitic drugs which were thought to have some effect on Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been tried during the crisis but none have shown concrete evidence of action. Randomized clinical trials on the repurposed drugs are now registered under clinical trial registry to look at the safety profile and efficacy of the drugs to be used against SARS-CoV-2. Many meta-analyses are being conducted worldwide to frame evidence for the fight against this novel coronavirus. We are providing below a review of various drugs that have been tried for treatment of COVID-19 as well as different clinical trials which are underway.
Clinical and microbiological profile of fungal sepsis in neonates: a retrospective observational study in an out-born unit
Authors: T. E. Abdul Samad , C. N. Kamalarathnam , S. Ramya , N. Devasena
Published: October 2020

Background: Infections due to non-Candida species though uncommon is emerging as an important cause of neonatal sepsis in neonatal intensive care unit (NICUs). The aim of this study was to determine the etiology, clinical profile, outcome and predictors of mortality in neonates with fungal sepsis.Methods: Neonates with the diagnosis of blood culture proven fungal sepsis from January 2018 to December 2019 were analysed. Relevant data was collected in a proforma from case records which included demographic information, clinical symptoms and signs, investigations, treatment and outcome. Data was analysed using IBM SPSS 25 software.Results: During the study period, 618 (13.8%) babies out of the 4461 admitted developed culture positive sepsis. Culture positive fungal sepsis were 66 (10.6%) out of total sepsis. Candida non albicans constituted 60 (90.9%) and Candida albicans was six (9.1%). The most common non-albicans species was Candida parapsilosis (25.8%). Lethargy, respiratory distress, hypothermia and apnea were common symptoms. Elevated C-reactive protein and thrombocytopenia were common laboratory findings. The mortality rate was 59.1 percentage. Delayed initiation of antifungal treatment, need for inotropes and mechanical ventilation were significant factors associated with mortality.Conclusions: Candida non-albicans was the predominant organism causing fungal sepsis. Fungal sepsis over all was associated with high mortality. Need for inotropes, mechanical ventilation and delay in initiating antifungal treatment were the significant factors associated with mortality.
Study of incidence of acute kidney injury in asphyxiated neonates with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy
Authors: Chaudhary Rita , Tiwari Anil Kumar , Usmani Farhan
Published: October 2020

Background: Perinatal asphyxia causes multi organ dysfunction resulting in renal (50%) and neurological (28%) compromise with 1.4% of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and almost 20% death in India. Early recognition of acute kidney injury (AKI) is important in babies with HIE to facilitate appropriate fluid and electrolyte management for a stable biochemical milieu is vital.Methods: A prospective case control study was done in Patna Medical College and Hospital, Patna between January 2019 and March 2020. 70 term asphyxiated neonates with HIE as cases and 70 healthy neonates as control were taken. AKI on basis of p RIFLE criteria and HIE on the basis of 5 minute APGAR score were determined and correlated.Results: 58.6%cases of AKI with 73% pre renal and 61% non-oliguric type were found in asphyxiated neonates with HIE blood urea and serum creatinine values were significantly higher in asphyxiated babies than control group babies (p<0.0001).Conclusions: The extent of AKI is directly proportional to severity of HIE.
Assessment of quality of life in asthma patients in 5 to 18 years of children
Authors: Jain Nikhil , Joshi Karan
Published: October 2020

Background: Asthma is a common cause of morbidity and mortality with prevalence of 300 million in world. The QOL of asthmatic patients cannot be determined only on the basis the severity of the disease, but requires a measurement of personal perception. This study was conducted with the aim to assess and compare the QOL using PedsQl scale in asthma patients between 5 to 18 years of age with different demographic and clinical variables.Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study conducted at respiratory clinic in tertiary hospital, Rewa from October 2017 to June 2019. A total number of 150 asthmatic patients and their parents participated. Asthmatic patients (N=150) and their parents, presenting to asthma clinic of Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Rewa (after applying inclusion-exclusion criteria) were assessed for QOL using PedsQl scale 3.0. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS version 20. Test of significance by student T-test and one way ANOVA.Results: The QOL is severely hampered by asthma with mean of 59 in intermittent asthma, 51 in mild, 44.74 in moderate and 40 in severe persistent asthma, significant p value of <0.05. Younger age, level of asthma control and severity were significantly related to QOL with p value of <0.05. Sex, socioeconomic status, were insignificantly related.Conclusions: QOL is impaired as the grading of asthma increases. Impairment of Quality of life are mostly associated with low level of asthma control, poly-therapy and frequent night attacks.
A rare case of infantile onset Pompe disease with genetic diagnosis
Authors: Phadke Abhishek K. , Kumble Ali , Kumble Yusuf , Nazar Sapheliya
Published: October 2020

Glycogen storage disease type II, also called Pompe disease or acid maltase deficiency is a disorder of muscle glycogenoses with a wide range of clinical manifestations. It is one of the disorders of glycogen metabolism caused by a deficiency of lysosomal acid α-1, 4-glucosidase (acid maltase) resulting in lysosomal glycogen accumulation in cardiac, skeletal and smooth muscle cells. The pattern of inheritance is autosomal recessive with a gene for enzyme located on chromosome 17q25.2.It is the first recognized lysosomal storage disorder and the first neuromuscular disorder for which enzyme replacement therapy has been approved. We report a case of four month old female child, born to primi gravida third degree consanguineous couple, who presented with history of respiratory illness, hypotonia and developmental delay. Baby was sick needing mechanical ventilation and inotropic support. Echocardiography showed concentric LV hypertrophy with no LV outflow tract obstruction. In view of consanguinity, developmental delay, hepatomegaly and cardiomegaly, provisional diagnosis of a storage disorder, probably infantile Pompe disease was considered. Dried blood spot for α-1, 4-glucosidase enzyme assay confirmed the same. Enzyme replacement therapy was considered, but child progressed to cardiac failure needing prolonged ventilation and expired on day 8 of admission. Whole genome exome sequencing revealed 2 mutations which confirmed the diagnosis. Infantile Pompe disease is fatal without treatment. High index of suspicion and early diagnosis may help in taking advantage of emerging therapeutics, such as ERT which is capable of changing the natural history of the disease.
A study of the association of leukopenia with disease severity and mortality in patients diagnosed with COVID-19
Authors: Parasher Anant , Saini Vishakha , Saini Ajay , Barik Rashmi Ranjan , Aggarwal Abhinav , Khan Javed
Published: October 2020

Background: It has been observed in patients suspected with COVID-19 or presenting as confirmed cases of COVID-19 that a decreased total white blood cell count (leukopenia) is quite a common haematological presentation. In this study we aimed to determine the effect of leukopenia on the progress and severity of COVID-19, as well as to establish the association of leukopenia with disease severity and overall mortality.Methods: This was a longitudinal study conducted at Guru Teg Bahadur hospital, New Delhi from 1st July 2020 to 3rd August 2020. A sample size of 34 cases each in two groups (group A and B) was taken as one random case each day for the duration of the study; group A consisting of the patients presenting with leukopenia, while group B comprising of the patients with a normal leukocyte count.Results: The mean duration of hospital stay in group A was found to be 5.5±2.23 days, while the mean duration of stay in group B was found to be 2.9±1.17 days, showing a significant difference in the two groups with a p<0.001. It was also seen that a total of 8 out of 34 cases in group A and 2 out of the 34 cases in group B had expired during their hospital stay; a significant difference seen among the two groups with a p=0.04.Conclusions: Thus, in conclusion, this study demonstrates a definite and significant association between a decreased leukocyte count (leukopenia) and disease severity and mortality in patients with COVID-19.
Case report on a very rare tumour of the urinary bladder: paraganglioma
Authors: Sengupta Soumish , Dey Ranjan K. , Sati Abhishek , Ghosh Kadambari
Published: October 2020

Urinary bladder tumours are usually of three types; urothelial carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Urothelial carcinoma is the most common type of bladder carcinoma and accounts for almost 90% of all bladder carcinoma. It is also known as transitional cell carcinoma. Squamous cell carcinoma accounts for 4% and adenocarcinomas 2% of all bladder carcinomas. Urinary bladder paragangliomas are a very rare variety of bladder tumours which account for less than 0.06% of all bladder tumours. They are clusters of neuroendocrine cells associated with sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. Paragangliomas are tumours arising from these chromaffin cells. They are most commonly seen in the head and neck and account for about 70% of all paragangliomas. The same type of tumour when found in the adrenal glands is referred to as a pheochromocytoma. Paraganglioma is usually seen in the age group of 30 and 50 years. The tumour is often slow growing and benign. These tumours may be functional or non-functional. Functional ones present with symptoms of catecholamine excess, which include hypertension, palpitations, diaphoresis, headache, and post-micturition syncope.
The long-term effects of modifiable and unmodifiable risk factors of stroke
Authors: Hassan Khaled M. , Wafa Asala M. , Alosaimi Manea S. , Bokari Kawthar A. , Alsobhi Mosab A. , Alamro Faisal M. , Alotaibi Turki H. , Alroqee Faiz M. , Al Samaani Mohammad S. , Almuhandir Kawthar A. , Alzahrani Fayez A. , Asiri Majed A. , Alasmari Saif A. , Alramdhan Sukainah K. , Alhazmi Ibrahim A. , Alluhaidah Abdullah M.
Published: October 2020

Stroke is a major cerebrovascular disease causes high mortality and morbidity in people around the world. Stroke is the third leading cause of death and the leading cause of adult disability. The largest country in the middle East, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), has been occupying approximately four-fifths of the Arabian Peninsula supporting a population of more than 28 million. Stroke is getting to be a quickly expanding issue and is the leading cause of illness and deaths in Saudi Arabia. It is clear that researches and studies regarding the incidence, prevalence and their sociodemographic properties of stroke is still incomplete due to lack of present studies being conducted in these specified areas. This article aims to discuss the aspect of stroke in Saudi Arabia beside the effects of modifiable and the non-modifiable risk factors from the literature published.
Ocular biometric analysis of cataract surgery candidates, referred from community outreach camps, organized at rural areas of central India
Authors: Bhardwaj Rahul , Jaiswal Nikita , Sharma Sandeep , Kohli Anupriya , Singh Sindhuja , Pal Virendra Kumar , Bhadauria Madhu , Tomar Vijay Pratap Singh
Published: October 2020

Background: Aim of this study was to analyse the ocular biometric parameters and their associations in a population of cataract surgery candidates.Methods: Ocular biometry records were retrospectively analyzed for 84634 patients with cataracts (84634 eyes) who were treated at Northern Indian region. Ocular biometry characteristics such as Axial length (AL), the Keratometry readings (K1 and K2), and Posterior chamber intraocular lens (PCIOL) power of patients were assessed to find mean, standard deviation, minimum value and maximum value. Statistical analysis was done in Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) 22.0.Results: Age ranged from 1.0 years to 111 years (mean 63.9±9.24). Males were 43421 (51.3%) and females were 41213 (48.7%). Mean AL was 23.36±3.99 mm. Mean K1 was 44.79± 2.11 D. Mean K2 was 45.05±2.25 D and the average K was 44.92±2.01 D. Significant differences were observed in all the parameters when the findings for females and males were compared.Conclusions: The present study presents normative biometric parameters and their relationships in a rural Indian population. These results may be relevant not only in the evaluation of the refractive error but also in the Intraocular lens (IOL) calculation for cataract surgery. The greatest predictor of the ocular biometrics was age and gender. This would serve as initial normative data for the biometry values in the Indian adults going through cataract surgery because such facts are lacking in Indian population. the rural population.
Evaluation of effect of brainstem evoked response audiometry in hyperlipidemic patients
Authors: Senniappan Shivakumar , Paramasivam Gowri
Published: October 2020

Background: Brain stem evoked response audiometry (BERA) is a useful objective assessment of hearing. The major advantage of this procedure is its ability to test even infants in whom conventional audiometry may not be useful. This investigation can be used as a screening test for deafness at high risk. This study is to correlate changes in brainstem evoked response audiometry parameters concerning lipid profile.

Methods: The study was conducted between January 2019 to June 2020 on 50 patients attending ENT OPD in Vinayaka Mission’s Kirupanandha Variyar Medical College and Hospital, Salem. All patients with auditory and/or vestibular complaints were seen at the otorhinolaryngology OPD and underwent an otorhinolaryngological examination, audiological studies (pure tone audiometry) and an electrophysiological assessment BERA.  

Results: The results of BERA was considered. A total of 5 waveforms and 3 interpeak latency waves were calculated. It was recorded from both the ears. There was a significant increase in the values of absolute waves II, III, IV, and V and interpeak latency wave values I-II and I-V.

Conclusions: Early identification of hyperlipidemic patients is useful in preventing disease progression and associated morbidity and mortality. BERA is a non-invasive method which can help us to detect central auditory pathway dysfunction at early stages in hyperlipidemic patients even before the patient's experience symptomatic hearing loss.
Cation Exchange Capacity in Mirador and Misoa Formation and the Effect in Enhanced Oil Recovery
Authors: Mousalli Victoria , Bullón Johnny , Franklin Franklin
Published: October 2020

In the Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) methods, particularly in surfactant flooding, many tests have been performed, many scientific papers have been written and many findings have been found; however, there are still a lot of questions without any answers. Some of them are the interactions between the different reservoir components and the chemical flooding that are used in the EOR process. Nowadays, the main problem in the petroleum industry is the economic feasibility. Some authors report that the surfactant lost by the adsorption in the porous media increases the amount of surfactant that is needed. Understanding and controlling the amount of surfactant adsorbed directly, affects the project economics. It is crucial to the economic success of an EOR project that adsorption is reduced in the project design; to do so it requires an understanding of surfactant adsorption mechanisms. One of the factors that affect the surfactant adsorption in porous media is the mineralogy of the reservoir by the Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) due to clays minerals present in the mineral composition of the reservoir.
Application and Comparison of Machine Learning Algorithms for Predicting Mass Loss of Cement Raw Materials due to Decarbonation Process
Authors: Boukhari Yakoub
Published: October 2020

The purpose of this work is to predict the mass loss of cement raw materials during the decarbonation process. The mass loss is influenced by the interaction of several parameters such as chemical composition of raw material, particle size, temperature range of decarbonation and time exposed. Therefore, predicting mass loss based on experimental parameters data is often challenging. For this reason, various machine learning algorithms such as deep networks using autoencoder DN-AE, artificial neural networks optimized by particle swarm optimization PSO-ANN, ANN optimized by ant colony optimization ACO-ANN and ANN are proposed to predict the mass loss. In this research, all models have been applied successfully to predict the mass loss with high accuracy. The results obtained have shown the superiority of DN-AE compared to PSO-ANN, ACO-ANN and ANN. In addition, PSO-ANN and ACO-ANN have a better performance than the individual use of ANN. The values of adjusted R2 indicate that 99.11%, 98.66%, 98.27% and 97.03% of data are explained by DN-AE, ACO-ANN, PSO-ANN and ANN respectively with scatter index (SI) less than 0.1 and maximum error less than 3.32%. Finally, the results justify that all models proposed can be employed to predict the mass loss as alternative tools.
An Efficient Method for Detection of Fake Accounts on the Instagram Platform
Authors: Sheikhi Saeid
Published: October 2020

In recent years, social media platforms such as Instagram, Twitter, and Facebook have gradually become important ways to disseminate information. One of these social platforms that have attracted more attention in past years is Instagram. Instagram has widely used for sharing photos and videos and is profitable for celebrities, businesses, and people with a considerable number of followers. In the meantime, this high profit made this platform prone to be the potential place to be used for malicious activities. One of the essential malicious activities in the Instagram platform is fake accounts. However, in this paper, an efficient method for identifying Instagram fake accounts is proposed. In the presented model. First, a dataset of legitimate and fake accounts is created. Then, the collected dataset has been used as input of the bagging classifier to classify fake users on the dataset. Furthermore, the proposed method compared to the five well-known machine-learning classifiers in terms of classification accuracy to better evaluate effectiveness of the method. The experimental results show that the proposed method performs better than other considered algorithms and correctly classified over 98% of the accounts with a low error rate.
Text Sentiment Classification Based on Feature Fusion
Authors: Zhang Chen , Li Qingxu , Cheng Xue
Published: October 2020

The convolutional neural network (CNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM) network are adept at extracting local and global features, respectively. Both can achieve excellent classification effects. However, the CNN performs poorly in extracting the global contextual information of the text, while LSTM often overlooks the features hidden between words. For text sentiment classification, this paper combines the CNN with bidirectional LSTM (BiLSTM) into a parallel hybrid model called CNN_BiLSTM. Firstly, the CNN was adopted to extract the local features of the text quickly. Next, the BiLSTM was employed to obtain the global text features containing contextual semantics. After that, the features extracted by the two neural networks (NNs) were fused, and processed by Softmax classifier for text sentiment classification. To verify its performance, the CNN_BiLSTM was compared with single NNs like CNN and LSTM, as well as other deep learning (DL) NNs through experiments. The experimental results show that the proposed parallel hybrid model outperformed the contrastive methods in F1-score and accuracy. Therefore, our model can solve text sentiment classification tasks effectively, and boast better practical value than other NNs.
Research on the Quality Control of Civil Engineering of High-Rise Buildings
Authors: Liao Deqiang
Published: October 2020

With the rapid development of economy in China, building technology has been improved and innovated in recent years. Urban development cannot be separated from buildings. However, China’s land resources are limited and cannot meet the increasing housing needs. More and more real estate companies have shifted their investment focus to high-rise building projects, which are more complex and require a lot of building materials than lower-rise building projects. In recent years, with the optimization and upgrading of technology, the requirements of high-rise buildings are getting higher and higher, and the technical operation is becoming more and more difficult. In this case, appropriate methods must be taken to control the technical quality of civil engineering.
Educación contable a distancia: Modelos pedagógicos y estrategias didácticas
Authors: Bonilla Torres Cristian Alberto , Gómez Contreras Jennifer Lorena
Published: October 2020

El propósito del libro es caracterizar el modelo pedagógico promovido por la Universidad Militar Nueva Granada y el modelo aplicado de manera efectiva en su programa de Contaduría Pública a Distancia. Este ejercicio permitió generar recomendaciones orientadas a robustecer el modelo ejecutado en el aula, así como afianzar estrategias pedagógicas que mejoren los resultados formativos. El libro toma las principales discusiones sobre educación contable en términos de habilidades y procesos de aprendizaje que se aplican en la educación de contadores públicos desde los ámbitos nacional e internacional, lo cual permite identificar procesos escalonados y evolutivos de habilidades que los estudiantes deben experimentar a fin de alcanzar el análisis, la crítica y la generación de propuestas. De igual forma, se analizan y caracterizan las propuestas de modelos pedagógicos dadas por teóricos del aprendizaje. Estas propuestas permiten identificar los componentes de los modelos pedagógicos, así como sus relaciones en el aula, de modo que se constituyen en una base para reconocer las diferencias que se presentan entre el modelo pedagógico desarrollado en el aula y el modelo que promueve la institución educativa. A continuación, a partir del planteamiento de instrumentos tales como la encuesta, la entrevista semiestructurada, la observación directa y el análisis documental, se caracteriza tanto el modelo pedagógico ejecutado en el aula como el que promueve la institución. Por último, mediante la identificación de las diferencias entre el modelo pedagógico aplicado y el ideado por la organización se plantean estrategias pedagógicas susceptibles de implementarse con el fin de mejorar los resultados formativos.
MODERN PROBLEMS AND ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE STATE SOCIAL POLICY AND SOCIAL SECURITY OF THE POPULATION
Authors: Oteshova Almagul , Prodanova Natalia , Niyazbayeva Aigul , Savina Natalia , Dikikh Vadim
Published: October 2020

Purpose of the study: This article aims to analyze the theoretical and practical issues of public administration in the social sphere in a market economy; to consider the implementation of social programs of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Recommendations were also made to assess areas for improving the social system. Special attention is paid to the analysis of political activities and policies in all spheres of society.

Methodology: The study was based on the analysis of the development of social sectors in a market economy and evaluated the directions for improving the system of social sectors in a market economy. General scientific methods of cognition-dialectical, analysis, synthesis, system and functional approaches, generalization, comparison, analogy; methods of empirical research have been employed for this study.

Main Findings: In the article were studied and suggested ways to support the poor and low-income segments of the population, help them find employment in society, reduce the level of crime in society, develop social spheres (education, health, science, culture, residential homes, etc.), and ensure the country's environmental security.

Applications of this study: The results of the study can be used by public authorities in the development and implementation of policies in the field of social protection and income regulation, population and development, gender, and family policy.

Novelty/Originality of this study: The study includes the development of theoretical foundations of social protection of the population, taking into account the current rules of economic social dynamics; the development of a model for the implementation of social protection of the population related to the justification of parameters of its demographic effectiveness and the justification of new directions and practical recommendations in the development of methodological approaches for the development of social protection of young families.
THE ASSISTANCE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN IN CONFLICT RESOLUTION IN THE SOUTH CAUCASUS
Authors: Raiymbekova Akerke , Yermekbayev Adilbek , Shukyzhanova Aiym , Nassyrova Madinyam , Zhabina Zhansaya
Published: October 2020

Purpose of the study: The study aims to show that name is a kind of social identification code, i.e., the names serve essential social and legal functions that contribute to identifying the person in society, allowing joining various social institutions. The functioning of personal names plays a significant role in the lives of every member of the community.

Methodology: The main methodological approaches are determined using domestic and foreign researchers' fundamental works in political, historical, and economic science. A comparative historical analysis was used to determine the main stages and trends in the development of relations between the main actors in the framework of the Karabakh crisis.

Main Findings: Kazakhstan’s diplomacy is able to solve the problem of relations between Armenia and Azerbaijan, thereby ensuring security in the region for further implementation of the policy of diversification of energy supplies to the European market. The difficulty lies in the fact that both Armenia and Azerbaijan are strategic partners of Kazakhstan.

Applications of this study: This research is scientifically and practically important. It contributes to developing the theoretical aspect of scientific research on the model of mediation policy of Kazakhstan and its application in achieving international stability in the South Caucasus region. The authors showed the consideration of the problems of the global efforts of Kazakhstan in resolving the Nagorno-Karabakh crisis.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study fully reveals the understanding of Kazakhstan's activities and the extent to which the official Nur-Sultan uses diplomatic efforts to resolve the international conflict in the Caucasus. This study examines the conditions, means, methods, and tools adopted by Kazakh diplomats to achieve stability and peace in the region.
CAUSES OF MODERN COUPS AND CONSIDERATION OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE ESCALATION OF THE POLITICAL CRISIS IN ARAB COUNTRIES
Authors: Kurpebayeva Gaziza
Published: October 2020

Purpose of the study: The article describes the comparative analysis of the main parameters of the Arab Spring Revolution. The Arab world is the ethnic core of the Middle East. These countries faced an acute problem of choosing their political strategy. Globalization has largely discounted the idea of national sovereignty and a self-sufficient economy with the leading role of the public sector.

Methodology: The main methodological approaches are defined using the basic principles reflected in leading researchers' works in political, historical, and social sciences. The complete application of comparative historical analysis allowed us to determine the main stages and trends in developing political processes within the "Arab spring" framework. The use of modeling and forecasting methods allows determining options for further development of these processes.

Main Findings: The Middle East and North Africa took part in the forced revolutionary transformation of political regimes, called the Arab spring. The growth of protests in the region is due to internal and external reasons. Each country depends on the specific socio-political, economic, religious situation, and the characteristics of states' historical development.

Applications of this study: Based on the results of this study, it is possible to develop new recommendations for the foreign ministries of countries that are neutral in relation to the processes of socio-political transformations in the Arab countries.

Novelty/Originality of this study: This study is one of the first attempts to consider the socio-political processes that took place in the countries of the Arab East through the prism of Kazakh diplomacy, as a country that does not have certain geopolitical goals and benefits, as a country that does not have a direct or indirect relationship to the events of the Arab spring.
Evaluation of effective diffusivity correlations for soybeans in thin layer drying
Authors: D'Avila Felipe , Urnau Rafael Maurício , Blauth Amanda Mansano Zanella , Moreira Marcos Flávio Pinto
Published: October 2020

Soybean is one of the main crops in the world and drying plays an important role in maintaining the quality of the grains. The present study aimed to evaluate different existing models regarding the ability to predict the effective diffusivity of soybeans, an important parameter in studies of the operation. The slope method was used to determine the effective diffusivity, starting from the second Fick's Law, with negligible shrinkage and external mass transfer resistance. The parameter was analyzed as being dependent on both temperature and moisture content. The correlation proposed by Dotto et al. (2018) was the one with the lowest average error (0.048%) for the consideration of an average effective diffusivity. In order to consider a punctual effective diffusivity, modifications were made to the Dotto model, providing a maximum error of 2.6%.
Proselitismo religioso do empregado no ambiente de trabalho: a busca por um justo equilíbrio entre a mordaça e o discurso abusivo
Authors: Santos Junior Aloisio Cristovam dos
Published: October 2020

O objetivo do presente artigo é investigar, sob o prisma do ordenamento constitucional brasileiro e dos princípios norteadores do Direito do Trabalho, os limites ao exercício do proselitismo religioso pelo empregado no ambiente de trabalho, resguardando a sua importância para a construção e à máxima efetividade do direito fundamental de liberdade religiosa. Sustenta-se que não é lícito ao empregador colocar uma mordaça no seu empregado impedindo-o de expressar, em qualquer momento e em qualquer circunstância, as suas crenças religiosas, ainda quando este o faça com a finalidade de obter a conversão de outros frequentadores do ambiente de trabalho à sua religião. Admite-se, todavia, que as restrições ou até mesmo a vedação ao proselitismo religioso são legítimas e, portanto, afastam o dever patronal de tolerar ou acomodar a sua prática, quando manifesto o abuso de direito no seu exercício. Neste caso, o empregado que pratica o proselitismo abusivo é responsável pelos danos causados por suas ações e deve sofrer as sanções legais cabíveis.
Physicochemical Properties and Fatty Acids Composition of Sudanese Moringa Oleifera Seed Oil
Authors: IDRIS Abeer , NOUR Azhari , ISHAG Omer , ALİ Mahmoud , ERWA Ibrahim , NOUR Abdurahman
Published: October 2020

Moringa oleifera is a robust and fast growing tree considered as one of the most beneficial trees worldwide since almost all parts of it used as food, medicines and for industrial purposes. The aim of this study was to investigate the physicochemical properties and fatty acid composition of M. oleifera seed oil. The oil was extracted by Soxhlet using n-hexane; the physicochemical properties of the seed oil were assessed by standard and established methods, as well the fatty acid composition of the seed oil was determined by GC-MS. The golden yellow with characteristic odor oil obtained from the seeds had the following physicochemical properties: yield, 42.87%; freezing point, 0 °C; melting point, 21 °C; boiling point, 225 °C; refractive index (25 °C), 1.447; iodine value, 96.6 g/100g of oil; peroxide value, 7.6 meq.O2/kg of oil; free fatty acids, 0.07%; acid value, 1.4 mg of KOH/g of oil; saponification value, 185.2 mg KOH/g of oil; unsaponifiable matter, 3.2; moisture and volatile value, 4.91 (wt.%); density, 0.900 g/cm3; viscosity, 60.99 mm2/s; specific gravity, 0.907. The fatty acids composition showed that oleic- acid (51.74%) was the major fatty acid and followed by behenic- (10.54%), palmitic- (9.20%), stearic- (8.46%), arachidic- (6.41%), gondic- (4.88%), lignoceric- (3.08%) and palmitoleic acid (2.85%). Therefore, more and advanced research should be undertaken for this abundant source of natural oil for edible oil and possible industrial applications.
Role of Micro RNA in Therapy of Atherosclerosis and Skin Fibrosis: A Review
Authors:   Sreekrishna College of Pharmacy and Research Centre, Kerala, Anusree S.
Published: October 2020

MiRNAs are highly conserved class of small (19-25 nucleotides), non-coding RNAs, which regulate post-transcriptional gene expression by binding to target mRNAs and result in gene silencing. In the genome, miRNAs can be found situated in the exons of non-coding genes, introns of coding and non-coding genes and the intragenic regions. Small interfering RNAs are approximately 22 nucleotides in length and mediate RNA interference (RNAi). miRNAs control endothelial cell, vascular smooth muscle cell and macrophage functions, and thereby regulate the progression of atherosclerosis. miRNAs expression is modulated by different stimuli involved in every stage of atherosclerosis and conversely miRNAs modulates several pathways implicated in plaque development such as cholesterol metabolism. miRNAs are involved in the regulation of key processes that contribute to skin fibrosis, including TGF-beta signaling, ECM deposition, fibroblast proliferation and differentiation, and epithelial to mesenchymal transition or transformation. Some miRNAs are profibrotic and their upregulation favors these processes contributing to fibrosis, while anti-fibrotic miRNAs inhibit these processes and may be reduced in fibrosis. Keywords: Micro RNA, Atherosclerosis, Skin fibrosis, Fibroblast, Plaque
Global Pandemic of a Century: A Review on the Coronavirus (COVID-19)
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Vital Biotech Research and Training Institute, Kota, Rajasthan, Mehta Jitendra
Published: October 2020

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in December 2019 in Wuhan, the capital of Hubei province, China. While the outbreak in China is almost over, this highly contagious disease is currently spreading across the world with a daily increase in the number of affected countries, confirmed cases, and infection-related deaths. In January, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared that the outbreak of COVID-19 constituted a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). Based on the high levels of global spread and the severity of COVID-19, on 11 March 2020, the Director-General of the WHO declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic. COVID-19 is an acute respiratory disease caused by a newly emerged zoonotic coronavirus. A positive-sense enveloped single-stranded RNA virus, named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been isolated from a patient with pneumonia and connected to the cluster of acute respiratory illness cases from Wuhan. The virus is transmitted from human to human via droplets coughed or exhaled by infected persons and by touching droplet-contaminated surfaces or objects and then touching the eyes, nose, or mouth. Population groups that have been more frequently reported as having severe disease and a higher mortality rate include people aged over 60 years, males, people with underlying conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer. Current estimates suggest a median incubation period of five to six days for COVID-19, with a range of one to 14 days. Disease-specific pharmaceuticals and vaccines are still under research and development. The therapeutic use of convalescent plasma donated by patients recovered from COVID-19 might play a role in the efforts to find a possible treatment for COVID-19. Keywords: Coronavirus, COVID-19, WHO, SARS-Cov-2, Zoonotic.
ПОЛИТИКО-ПРАВОВЫЕ ИНСТИТУТЫ КАК ДРАЙВЕРЫ ЭВОЛЮЦИОННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ СОВРЕМЕННОГО СОЦИУМА
Authors: Ravochkin Nikita N.
Published: October 2020

В статье рассматривается проблематика политико-правовых институтов в контексте социально-философских исследований, связанных с развитием современных обществ по эволюционному пути. Актуальность подтверждается главным образом высоким уровнем ответственности, который возлагается на рассматриваемые институты в целях обеспечения ими социального порядка в условиях трудно прогнозируемого мирового развития. Таким образом, социально-философский анализ представляется крайне необходимым при прорисовке контуров общепланетарной ситуации. Предметом исследования является обоснование роли политико-правовых институтов как драйверов современного эволюционного развития мировых обществ. Объектом исследования выступают современные политико-правовые институты. Цель определена автором как выявление причин, обусловливающих необходимость политико-правовых институциональных преобразований, и уточнение значимости властных структур за эволюционное развитие общества. Для достижения поставленной цели используется собственная синтетическая методология, включающая философские, общенаучные и междисциплинарные методы, а также мир-системный подход. Представлены причины и факторы политико-правовых институциональных преобразований. Рассмотрены особенности исторического оформления современного расклада сил на мировой арене. Посредством сравнительного анализа показано, что самые распространенные модели государственного управления (автократия и демократия) требуют своего концептуального переосмысления, а их ключевые идейные основы должны быть включены в новые варианты социального устройства.
HSM Yekaterinburg – Chelyabinsk as an important project of Ural agglomeration
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Zinovieva Julia S. , Samuylov Valeriy M. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Nevolin Dmitry G. ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: October 2020

The article explores the influence of realization of Yekaterinburg-Chelyabinsk high speed main line project on Ural agglomeration territory development, possible social and economic effects are pointed out. The project realization stages, planned amount of funding, HSML circuit, related infrastructure are looked upon. The prospects of the region as “a connecting link” in international transport corridor are identified. A conclusion is drawn about the fact that building and operation of high speed main line Yekaterinburg-Chelyabinsk will positively influence the development of regional economy and increase investment attractiveness of major projects.
Diagnostic technique for initial open-angle glaucoma using Heidelberg contour perimetry and retinal tomography
Authors: SUKHORUKOVA Alyona V.
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The aim of the study. Develop a method for identifying the initial stage of open-angle glaucoma using Heidelber contour perimeter and retinal tomograph. Materials and methods. 624 patients (624 eyes), of which 236 were men and 388 were women, the average age was 63.4 ± 9.3 years. These patients were given a standard ophthalmic examination, Heidelberg contour perimeter (HEP), then Heidelberg retinotomography (HRT), depending on the obtained HEP results. Results. Correlation analysis of HRT scores revealed both direct relationships and inverse relationships of disease with certain HRT scores. We determined quantitative characteristics of optic nerve disc parameters, where revealed pathological changes. Each deviation in the individual parameters of the optic nerve disc related to risk factors. We carried out a comprehensive assessment of 7 main parameters, which received the best assessment of diagnostic informativity based on the results of the mathematical method of constructing operational curves (ROC analysis). The more deviations in the studied measures, the more risk factors, that is, the greater likelihood of the disease. The following is a comparison of the number of risk factors with the real value of the sick/healthy characteristic. Conclusion. We developed a technique to identify the initial open-angle glaucoma. According to the methodology, we carried out diagnosis in the presence of deviations in the individual values of the optic nerve disc parameters, which relate to risk factors. The most applicable in diagnostic practice is the presence of five risk factors, where specificity is 95 %.
Comparative characteristic of the degree of apical transport and the centering properties of nickel-titanium tools in the austenitic and martensitic phases
Authors: SHUMILOVICH Bogdan R. , MIKLYAEV Stanislav V.
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the degree of root channel transport and the level of centering of the three most practical endodontic nickel-titanium rotary systems HyFlex EDM, Protaper NEXT and M-two using conical beam computed tomography data. In total, we selected 45 removed from periodontological indications of the first upper jaw molars with fully formed apical sections for the study. A prerequisite for the study was the presence of МВ1 and МВ2 in the anterior buccal root. We randomized all teeth into 3 groups (n = 15) and prepared samples using the files HyFlex EDM, Protaper NEXT and M-two. We evaluated the centering capacity and volume of channel transport by comparing preoperative and postoperative micro-CT scans. We used ANOVA tests, the classification trees method, and the forecast deviation calculation for statistical analysis. The significance level was at 0.05. The channels prepared by means of HyFlex EDM showed the minimum values of extent of transportation of root canals at all three levels (3, 5 and 7 mm from an apical konstriktion) that it connects with a unique design of cross section of a working part of the tool. Maximum channel transport was with M-two in the coronary (7 mm) and middle (5 mm) third. When analyzing centering abilities, channels prepared using the HyFlex EDM and Protaper NEXT system showed maximum values at all three levels compared to M-two files. The channels prepared by means of HyFlex EDM had the minimum values of transportation of the channel at all three levels of a root canal. Optimal mechanical preparation of root channels for the parameters studied at all levels was achieved using the tools HyFlex EDM and Protaper NEXT.
Application of promising means of adaptive physical education among children with cerebral palsy in the process of corrective education
Authors: BRUYKOV Yuri A. , BRUYKOV Alexey A.
Published: October 2020

Abstract. For the first time, we ranked effective means of adaptive physical education used in corrective education of children of primary school age with cerebral palsy using indicators of total motor density and fine motor coordination. The purpose of the work is to study the influence of hippotherapy, swimming, fixation massage with ontogenetic gymnastics on the motor activity of children with cerebral palsy 8–10 years old in the process of adaptive physical education. To achieve the goal, we determined parameters of total motor activity and fine motor coordination among children with cerebral palsy aged 8–10 years. We investigated the parameters studied using the Longitud computer program. We revealed that the most effective and promising means of adaptive physical education among children with cerebral palsy in the development of general motor activity and fine motor coordination is fixation massage with ontogenetic gymnastics. We noted that as a result of the use of fixation massage with ontogenetic gymnastics, children with cerebral palsy improved their overall motor development by an average of 22.5 %, and fine motor coordination by 25.6 %.