bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Old, Not Odd: Running Laches Against the States and the Future of Antitrust After New York v. Meta Platforms
Authors: Schulze Frank
Published: December 2024

In New York v. Meta Platforms, Inc., the United States Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit applied equitable laches to an antitrust lawsuit brought by forty-six state attorneys general, holding that they had not brought their claims in their role as law enforcers. Meta Platforms is the latest in a line of cases that has characterized antitrust actions by state attorneys general as non-public and non-governmental. But this characterization is in tension with the historical role of state attorneys general in enforcing the antitrust laws and undermines the original design of the federal antitrust statutes as supplements to state enforcement activities. This Note argues that state antitrust enforcement is an insurance policy against federal underenforcement and a mechanism to reflect the popular will. The Meta Platforms decision observed that the status of the states as plaintiffs independently factors into the court’s laches analysis. This observation—which this Note calls “the states factor”—suggests that all else equal, a suit brought by the states to vindicate a quasi-sovereign interest on behalf of its citizens is less likely to be stale than a similar one from a purely private actor. If courts afford limited weight to the “states factor” and run laches against elected antitrust enforcers, they make the federal statutes less efficient for their original purpose of supplementing state enforcement activity.
Reimagining Youngblood's Bad Faith Requirement: Safeguarding Criminal Defendants' Due Process Rights Through a Burden-Shifting Framework
Authors: Elfarissi Rita
Published: December 2024

Criminal defendants face an uphill battle when attempting to prove that the government’s loss or destruction of evidence that could have played a significant role in their defense deprived them of their constitutional due process rights. To make this showing, the defendant must prove that the government lost or destroyed the evidence in bad faith. This requirement is problematic because direct evidence illustrating the subjective intent of the government officials who lost or destroyed the evidence is unlikely to exist, and in the off chance it does, the prosecution is unlikely to freely hand it over to the defendant. Thus, short of an admission from the government that it lost or destroyed the evidence in bad faith—which is also unlikely to happen—criminal defendants face an evidentiary void that makes it extremely difficult for them to satisfy the bad faith requirement, thereby limiting their ability to obtain constitutional recourse.

This Note proposes a burden-shifting framework that seeks to mitigate this problem. This framework effectively shifts the burden of producing evidence demonstrating the prosecution’s good or bad faith to the prosecution itself—the party best situated to make this showing. In so doing, it preserves the essence of the bad faith requirement—thereby increasing the Supreme Court’s receptiveness to adopting this change—while also rectifying the evidentiary imbalance between the prosecution and the defendant, making it easier for criminal defendants to satisfy the bad faith requirement and, consequently, vindicate their due process rights.
Cenários musicais em Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma: um estudo sobre a produção musical no Rio de Janeiro do final do século XIX
Authors: Moura Robert
Published: December 2024

Em íntimo diálogo com o romance Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma e através de uma extensa pesquisa documental, Robert Moura reconstitui os cenários musicais do Rio de Janeiro do final do séc. XIX. O autor explora a variedade de gêneros musicais então em voga, associando-os aos ambientes em que eram praticados e ao contexto social, econômico, geográfico e cultural. A partir de um levantamento detalhado dos perfis de músicos em atividade no Rio de Janeiro da época, Moura ainda traça possíveis paralelos com o personagem Ricardo Coração dos Outros, evidenciando o papel fundamental que a música desempenha no desenvolvimento da célebre obra de Lima Barreto.
Identidade e Agência de Futuros Professores de Matemática na Residência Pedagógica mediado com Lesson Study
Authors: Brito Leonardo Lira de , Fiorentini Dario
Published: December 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo interpretar e analisar narrativamente como residentes mobilizam e desenvolvem suas identidades ao longo de três módulos de um Programa de Residência Pedagógica (PRP) utilizando o Lesson Study (LS) como processo formativo e como agenciam seus modos de ser e atuar como Futuros Professores de Matemática (FPM). O estudo foi desenvolvido no PRP, no subprojeto de Matemática vinculado à Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campus Cuité. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de cunho qualitativo, cujos dados e materiais foram coletados por meio de: diário de bordo do pesquisador construído durante três módulos; de entrevistas semiestruturadas com os residentes ao final de cada módulo, transcrição de parte dos planejamentos e regências bem como os relatos de experiência (RE) escritos ao final de cada módulo pelos residentes, sendo analisados e interpretados por meio da análise narrativa. Os resultados indicam que o PRP, por meio do LS, contribuiu significativamente para o desenvolvimento profissional dos residentes e de sua identidade profissional, preparando-os para enfrentar os desafios da prática docente com maior confiança, autonomia e agência. Essas experiências reforçam a importância e necessidade de realizar programas de formação que integrem práticas colaborativas e reflexivas como o LS, visando o desenvolvimento profissional contínuo de futuros professores de matemática.
Changes in Cognitive Capital in Eastern and Western Europe: Some Implications from School Assessment Studies
Authors: Dutton Edward
Published: December 2024

The article presents an analysis of national differences in the relative increase or decrease in scores on PISA, TIMSS and PIRLS between the year 1995 and the year 2019. We found that former Eastern Bloc countries and former Soviet republics had significantly stronger growth in PISA scores from 2000 to 2018 when the lower, on average, starting levels of school and economic performance are taken into account. However, this finding could hardly be replicated in the case of TIMSS between 1995 and 2019 and PIRLS between 2001 and 2016. We examine possible reasons for this finding, such as differences in the relative decline in cognitive ability between countries, and we explore their implications with regard to where future centres of cognitive capital may be located.
Impact of COVID-19 on Acute Coronary Syndrome: An Examination of Mortality and Demographic Factors
Authors: Dian Primadia Putri
Published: December 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted cardiovascular health, with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) emerging as a major concern. This study investigates the relationship between demographic characteristics, mortality rates, and the incidence of ACS in COVID-19 patients. A retrospective study was conducted on a cohort of 68 patients diagnosed with both COVID-19 and ACS, admitted to a hospital in Medan between August 2020 and August 2021. Demographic data, COVID-19 severity, electrocardiogram (ECG) findings, and comorbid conditions were analyzed for their association with mortality. The mean age of the study participants was 58.2 years, with a male predominance (82.9%). The majority of patients experienced severe COVID-19 (62.9%), and the most common ECG finding was ST-elevation (62.9%). Hypertension was the most prevalent comorbidity (52.9%). Mortality was significantly associated with male gender (p=0.01) but not with COVID-19 severity, ECG findings, or comorbidities. In conclusion, male gender was identified as an independent predictor of mortality in COVID-19 patients with ACS. Further research is needed to elucidate the complex interplay of demographic factors, COVID-19, and ACS outcomes.
Estratégias não farmacológicas na gestão de sintomas em cuidados paliativos, pelos enfermeiros
Authors: Mesquita Alves Vera , Cerqueira Maria Manuela
Published: December 2024

Enquadramento: a esperança média de vida aumentou, exigindo aos profissionais de saúde novas competências no cuidar. Gerir sintomas em Cuidados Paliativos implica utilizar medidas farmacológicas e não farmacológicas, contribuindo para minimizar o sofrimento e preservar a dignidade. Questão de investigação: Quais as medidas não farmacológicas identificadas pelos enfermeiros na gestão de sintomas em Cuidados Paliativos? Objetivos: conhecer as medidas não farmacológicas identificadas pelos enfermeiros na gestão de sintomas em Cuidados Paliativos. Metodologia: paradigma qualitativo, exploratório-descritivo, entrevista semiestruturada a 10 enfermeiros de uma Unidade de Cuidados Paliativos. Efetuada análise de conteúdo segundo Bardin. Obtido Consentimento Informado, Livre e Esclarecido e parecer favorável da Comissão de Ética Para as Ciências da Vida e da Saúde. Resultados: as medidas não farmacológicas na gestão de sintomas têm a capacidade de promover o conforto da pessoa. Verificamos que a comunicação, as terapias complementares, a gestão ambiental, o envolvimento da família, o fornecimento de informação adequada à situação tem um papel central para a minimização do sofrimento. Conclusão: a comunicação verbal e não-verbal é entendida como uma estratégia na gestão de sintomas. As terapias complementares, o envolvimento da família e o conhecimento da pessoa doente são fundamentais para uma intervenção individualizada.
YAZINSAL METİNLERDE ÇOĞUL OKUMA EKSENİ: METİNLERARASI OKUMA YOLUYLA 1960 DARBESİNİN SOSYOPOLİTİK ÇIKARIMLARI
Authors: Kuleli Mesut
Published: December 2024

Toplumsal hayatın sürekliliğini sağlamakta önemli bir işleve sahip olan kültür ve unsurları, yazınsal eserlerin altmetinlerini oluşturabilecek kadar yoğun bir şekilde metinlerin olay örgüsüne dahil edilebilmektedir. Gerek açık bir biçimde gerek örtük olarak yazınsal metinleri kuşatan kültürün çok sayıda unsuru vardır. Sosyopolitik gelişmeler de bu kültürel unsurlar arasındadır ve bir yazınsal metni doğuran kültürün taşıyıcısı olan topluma dair önemli perspektifler sunarlar. Kısaca toplumdaki siyasi gelişmeler ve toplumsal hayat arasındaki etkileşim olarak tanımlanabilecek olan “sosyopolitik unsurlar”, kurgusal bir olay örgüsünün kurgusal olmayan bağları olarak karşımıza çıkabilmektedir. Böylece bir yazınsal eserdeki sosyopolitik unsurlar söz konusu metne bir metinlerarası okuma gereksinimi doğurabilmektedir. Riffaterre’e göre okurun saptamak zorunda olduğu metinlerarası ilişkiler şayet okur tarafından kaçırılırsa, metnin alımlanması söz konusu olamamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Ayşe Kulin’in Mayıs 2024’te yayımlanan Dört gün üç gece başlıklı romanında Türkiye’nin yakın siyasi tarihine dair sosyopolitik göndergeler içeren söylemler saptanmış ve bu söylemlerin gerektirdiği/sağladığı metinlerarası okuma hem özgün kültür okuru için hem romanın potansiyel bir çevirisindeki hedef kültür okuru için tartışılmıştır. Riffaterre’in metinlerarası okuma kavramı ile bu okumanın dolaysız olarak ortaya çıkardığı çoğul okuma ve anlamlama eksenleri senteziyle yapılan çözümlemede, romanın 1960 darbesine dair bir yakın tarih okuma ekseni ortaya çıkarılmıştır.
The Influence of Enterprise Risk Management Implementation on Financial Performance and Firm Value in East Asia
Authors: Natasha Tiurma , Rokhim Rofikoh
Published: December 2024

Risk management is critical for businesses since every organization is accountable for delivering value to stakeholders and developing corporate strategy through management decisions at all levels. As a result, a comprehensive strategy to risk management is required . A solid and effective risk management and internal control system must be implemented in conjunction with good corporate governance. Implementing effective and well-managed risk management will help company to reach the goals, increase the performance, and produce better work. The study examines the impact of Enterprise Risk Management on the financial performance and firm value of selected listed firms in East Asia for the period 2018 to 2022. This research was conducted using data from the Financial Statements of 151 companies that meet the specific criteria and are listed on the Exchange of five East Asian countries. The data was collected from 2018 through 2022. The Multiple Linear Regression model was employed. The research findings suggest that the financial performance of a corporation is positively correlated with the implementation of Enterprise Risk Management.
The Influence of Capital Structure and Level of Liquidity on Company Financial Performance With Firm Value As An Intervening Variable (Study on Manufacturing Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the Textile and Garment Industry Sector for the period 2020-2023)
Authors: Puhut Bona Lucky Joel , Setiawan Andy
Published: December 2024

This study focuses on observing the effect of capital structure and liquidity level in the company's financial performance during the COVID-19 period by using firm value as an intervening variable. This research uses a quantitative approach by testing hypotheses. The population taken in this study are companies engaged in the textile and garments sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2020 to 2023. The research sample used used purposive sampling method and resulted in 16 company samples. The results of this research analysis show that capital structure and liquidity have an insignificant effect on financial performance and firm value cannot intervene in the relationship between the dependent variable and the independent variable.
Pengaruh Permainan Roda Putar terhadap Kemampuan Motorik Halus Anak Autis di SLBN Gedangan, Sidoarjo
Authors: Rizkita Ika Wahyu , Budiyanto  , Murtadlo
Published: December 2024

Kemampuan motorik halus pada anak autis perlu ditingkatkan agar anak mampu melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari dengan baik. Kemampuan motorik halus ditingkatkan melalui permainan roda-roda, karena permainan tersebut mampu membuat anak autis lebih bersemangat dalam melakukan pembelajaran sambil bermain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan pengaruh permainan roda-roda putar terhadap kemampuan motorik halus anak autis. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian pra eksperimen. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah anak autis yang berusia antara 7-12 tahun di SLBN Gedangan Sidoarjo yang berjumlah 6 orang anak. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi kemampuan motorik halus anak autis di dalam kelas. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah uji statistik Wilcoxon Matched Pairs Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa T (taraf terkecil) = 0 lebih kecil atau sama dengan nilai t tabel dari nilai signifikan 5% yaitu 0. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima apabila T (taraf terkecil) lebih kecil atau sama dengan nilai t tabel. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh yang signifikan permainan roda putar terhadap kemampuan motorik halus anak autis di SLBN Gedangan, Sidoarjo.
Identifying Telescope Usage in Astrophysics Publications: A Machine Learning Framework for Institutional Research Management at Observatories
Authors: Amado Olivo Vicente , Kerzendorf Wolfgang , Cherinka Brian , Shields Joshua V. , Didier Annie , von der Wense Katharina
Published: December 2024

Large scientific institutions, such as the Space Telescope Science Institute, track the usage of their facilities to understand the needs of the research community. Astrophysicists incorporate facility usage data into their scientific publications, embedding this information in plain text. Traditional automatic search queries prove unreliable for accurate tracking due to the misidentification of facility names in plain text. As automatic search queries fail, researchers are required to manually classify publications for facility usage, which consumes valuable research time. In this work, we introduce a machine learning classification framework for the automatic identification of facility usage of observation sections in astrophysics publications. Our framework identifies sentences containing telescope mission keywords (e.g., Kepler and TESS) in each publication. Subsequently, the identified sentences are transformed using term frequency–inverse document frequency and classified with a support vector machine. The classification framework leverages the context surrounding the identified telescope mission keywords to provide relevant information to the classifier. The framework successfully classifies the usage of MAST-hosted missions with a 92.9% accuracy. Furthermore, our framework demonstrates robustness when compared to other approaches, considering common metrics and computational complexity. The framework’s interpretability makes it adaptable for use across observatories and other scientific facilities worldwide.
The Solar Neighborhood. LII. M Dwarf Twin Binaries—Presumed Identical Twins Appear Fraternal in Variability, Rotation, Hα, and X-Rays
Authors: Couperus Andrew A. , Henry Todd J. , Osten Rachel A. , Jao Wei-Chun , Vrijmoet Eliot Halley , Kar Aman , Horch Elliott
Published: December 2024

We present an investigation into the rotation and stellar activity of four fully convective M dwarf “twin” wide binaries. Components in each pair have (1) astrometry confirming they are common-proper-motion binaries, (2) Gaia BP, RP, and 2MASS J, H, and K

s
magnitudes matching within 0.10 mag, and (3) presumably the same age and composition. We report long-term photometry, rotation periods, multiepoch Hα equivalent widths, X-ray luminosities, time series radial velocities, and speckle observations for all components. Although it might be expected for the twin components to have matching magnetic attributes, this is not the case. Decade-long photometry of GJ 1183 AB indicates consistently higher spot activity on A than B, a trend matched by A appearing 58% ± 9% stronger in L
X and 26% ± 9% stronger in Hα on average—this is despite similar rotation periods of A = 0.86 day and B = 0.68 day, thereby informing the range in activity for otherwise identical and similarly rotating M dwarfs. The young β Pic Moving Group member 2MA 0201+0117 AB displays a consistently more active B component that is 3.6 ± 0.5 times stronger in L
X and 52% ± 19% stronger in Hα on average, with distinct rotation at A = 6.01 days and B = 3.30 days. Finally, NLTT 44989 AB displays remarkable differences with implications for spindown evolution—B has sustained Hα emission while A shows absorption, and B is ≥39 ± 4 times stronger in L
X, presumably stemming from the surprisingly different rotation periods of A = 38 days and B = 6.55 days. The last system, KX Com, has an unresolved radial velocity companion, and is therefore not a twin system.
Deep Chandra Observations of NGC 5728. III. Probing the High-resolution X-Ray Morphology and Multiphase Interstellar Medium Interactions in the Circumnuclear Region
Authors: Trindade Falcão Anna , Fabbiano G. , Elvis M. , Paggi A. , Maksym W. P.
Published: December 2024

We present a detailed imaging analysis of 260 ks of subarcsecond resolution Chandra (ACIS-S) observations of the nearby Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 5728. Our study focuses on the bright and diffuse soft X-ray emission within the galaxy's inner ∼1 kpc. By comparing the X-ray emission across different energy bands, we identify localized variations in the absorbing column and emission processes. We observe more X-ray absorption in the direction perpendicular to the bicone, which is co-located with an inner warped CO disk in the galaxy. The innermost region, which shows the strongest excess of hard X-ray emission, is spatially coincident with the CO (2–1) emission from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array and dusty spirals we find in a Hubble Space Telescope V − H color map. We detect soft extended emission associated with the circumnuclear star-forming ring at ∼1 kpc, suggestive of hot gas with kT = 0.44 keV. We derive measurements for the hot gas mass, M = 7.9 × 105
M
⊙, pressure, p = 2.0 × 10−10 dyne cm−2, and cooling times, τ

c
= 193.2 Myr. In the vicinity of the star-forming ring, we detect two X-ray point sources, with soft X-ray spectra, and 0.3–7 keV luminosities L ∼ 8 × 1038 erg s−1. These properties suggest X-ray binaries.
Separating Repeating Fast Radio Bursts Using the Minimum Spanning Tree as an Unsupervised Methodology
Authors: García C. R. , Torres Diego F. , Zhu-Ge Jia-Ming , Zhang Bing
Published: December 2024

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) represent one of the most intriguing phenomena in modern astrophysics. However, their classification into repeaters and nonrepeaters is challenging. Here, we present the application of the graph theory minimum spanning tree (MST) methodology as an unsupervised classifier of repeater and nonrepeater FRBs. By constructing MSTs based on various combinations of variables, we identify those that lead to MSTs that exhibit a localized high density of repeaters at each side of the node with the largest betweenness centrality. Comparing the separation power of this methodology against known machine learning methods, and with the random expectation results, we assess the efficiency of the MST-based approach to unravel the physical implications behind the graph pattern. We finally propose a list of potential repeater candidates derived from the analysis using the MST.
Signatures of Massive Black Hole Merger Host Galaxies from Cosmological Simulations. II. Unique Stellar Kinematics in Integral Field Unit Spectroscopy
Authors: Bardati Jaeden , Ruan John J. , Haggard Daryl , Tremmel Michael , Horlaville Patrick
Published: December 2024

Secure methods for identifying the host galaxies of individual massive black hole (MBH) binaries and mergers detected by gravitational-wave experiments such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna and pulsar timing arrays are currently lacking, but will be critical to a variety of science goals. Recently, in Bardati et al., we used the Romulus25 cosmological simulation to show that MBH merger host galaxies have unique morphologies in imaging, due to their stronger bulges. Here, we use the same sample of simulated MBH merger host galaxies to investigate their stellar kinematics, as probed by optical integral field unit (IFU) spectroscopy. We perform stellar population synthesis and dust radiative transfer to generate synthetic 3D optical spectral data cubes of each simulated galaxy, and produce mock stellar kinematic maps. Based on a linear discriminant analysis of a combination of kinematic parameters derived from these maps, we show that this approach can identify MBH binary and merger host galaxies with accuracies that increase with chirp mass and mass ratio. For mergers with high chirp masses (≳108.2
M
⊙) and high mass ratios (≳0.5), the accuracies reach ≳85%, and their host galaxies are uniquely characterized by slower rotation and stronger stellar kinematic misalignments. These kinematic properties are commonly associated with massive early-type galaxies that have experienced major mergers, and naturally act as signposts for MBH binaries and mergers with high chirp masses and mass ratios. These results suggest that IFU spectroscopy should also play a role in telescope follow-up of future MBH binaries and mergers detected in gravitational waves.
Switchback Patches Evolve into Microstreams via Magnetic Relaxation
Authors: Soni Shirsh Lata , Akhavan-Tafti Mojtaba , Suen Gabriel Ho Hin , Kasper Justin , Velli Marco , De Marco Rossana , Zhao Liang , Owen Christopher J
Published: December 2024

Switchbacks, defined as Alfvénic reversals in magnetic field polarity, can dissipate their magnetic energy with heliocentric distance. To further investigate this, two distinct solar wind parcels tracing back to a similar solar source region were examined during a radial alignment between Parker Solar Probe (@25.8RS) and Solar Orbiter (@152RS). The one caveat was that the two probes were located on opposite sides of the heliospheric current sheet during the alignment. The two parcels contained a multitude of switchbacks—the parcel closer to the Sun was characterized as a switchback patch (SBP), where background proton velocity (vp
) is comparable to the pristine solar wind (v
sw), while the parcel farther from the Sun showed characteristics attributable to a microstream (MS; v

p
 > v
sw). It was found that (1) MS contains, on average, 30% fewer switchbacks than SBP, and (2) dynamic and thermal pressures decreased by up to 20% across switchback boundaries in SBP and relatively unchanged in MS. Magnetic relaxation can explain the lower number of switchbacks in MS compared to SBP. Switchback relaxation inside SBP can, in turn, accelerate plasma inside SBP over time and heliocentric distance, thus resulting in vp
> v
sw in MS. Therefore, it is hypothesized that magnetic relaxation of switchbacks may cause SBPs to evolve into MSs over time and heliocentric distance.
The Decline and Fall of ROME. V. A Preliminary Search for Star-disrupted Planet Interactions and Coronal Activity at 5 GHz among White Dwarfs within 25 pc
Authors: Route Matthew
Published: December 2024

The recent discovery of planetesimals orbiting white dwarfs has renewed interest in the final chapters of the evolution of planetary systems. Although observational and theoretical studies have examined the dynamical evolution of these systems, studies of their magnetic star–planet interactions, as powered by unipolar induction, have thus far only been assessed theoretically. This fifth paper of the Radio Observations of Magnetized Exoplanets series presents the results of a targeted minisurvey of nine white dwarfs within 25 pc without known stellar mass companions in search of radio emissions generated by magnetic interactions between white dwarfs and their planetary remnants. This ∼5 GHz Arecibo radio telescope survey achieved mJy-level sensitivity over <1 s integration times. Although no exoplanet-induced stellar radio flares were detected, this is the first survey to search for magnetic star–planet interactions between white dwarfs and planetary companions, cores, or disrupted planetesimals. It is also the most extensive and sensitive radio survey for intrinsic coronal emissions from apparently isolated white dwarfs. The study of radio emissions from white dwarf systems may present a new means to detect and measure DC and DQ magnetic fields, search for white dwarf coronae, characterize the density and spatial distribution of white dwarf magnetospheric plasma, characterize the dynamical and electrical properties of planetary cores, and offer new constraints on the modeling of double-degenerate merger events.
Electron Cyclotron Maser with Moderately Relativistic Electrons
Authors: Zhang 张 Lijie 利杰 , Wu 吴 Dejin 德金 , Chen 陈 Ling 玲 , Ning 宁 Zongjun 宗军
Published: December 2024

Electron cyclotron maser (ECM) emission is an important coherent emission mechanism for the direct amplification of electromagnetic waves by nonthermal electrons in a magnetized plasma. This paper will report on our recent study on ECM emission by fast electron beams with moderately relativistic energy. The results show that, similar to the spontaneous emission by the magnetic cyclotron motion of energetic electrons in a magnetic field, the coherent emission also exhibits the characteristic of a gradual transition from harmonic emission to continuous emission as the energy of the energetic electrons increases from subrelativistic to relativistic. The effects of the characteristic beam electrons energy (E

c
) and the plasma-to-cyclotron frequency ratio (ω
pe/ω
ce) on the growth rate, the peak-value frequency, and the spectral width are discussed further. These results are helpful for us to understand phenomena associated with astrophysical radio bursts.
The Newly Discovered Nova Super-remnant Surrounding Recurrent Nova T Coronae Borealis: Will it Light Up during the Coming Eruption?
Authors: Shara Michael M. , Lanzetta Kenneth M. , Masegian Alexandra , Garland James T. , Gromoll Stefan , Mikolajewska Joanna , Misiura Mikita , Valls-Gabaud David , Walter Frederick M. , Webb John K.
Published: December 2024

A century or less separates the thermonuclear-powered eruptions of recurrent novae (RNe) in the hydrogen-rich envelopes of massive white dwarfs. The colliding ejecta of successive RN events are predicted to always generate very large (tens of parsecs) super-remnants; only two examples are currently known. T CrB offers an excellent opportunity to test this prediction. As it will almost certainly undergo its next, once in ∼80 yr RN event between 2024 and 2026, we carried out very deep narrowband and continuum imaging to search for the predicted, piled-up ejecta of the past millennia. While nothing is detected in continuum or narrowband [O iii] images, a ∼30 pc diameter, faint nebulosity surrounding T CrB is clearly present in deep Hα, [N ii], and [S ii] narrowband Condor Array Telescope imagery. We predict that these newly detected nebulosities, as well as the recent ejecta that have not yet reached the super-remnant, are far too optically thin to capture all but a tiny fraction of the photons emitted by RN flashes. We thus predict that fluorescent light echoes will not be detectable following the imminent nova flash of T CrB. Dust may be released by the T CrB red giant wind in preeruption outbursts, but we have no reliable estimates of its quantity or geometrical distribution. While we cannot predict the morphology or intensity of dust-induced continuum light echoes following the coming flash, we encourage multiepoch Hubble Space Telescope optical imaging as well as James Webb Space Telescope infrared imaging of T CrB during the year after it erupts.
Klaus Standfuss (1937–2024) als Entomologe – ein Nachruf
Authors: Ziegler Joachim , Menzel Frank , Liston Andrew , Taeger Andreas
Published: December 2024

Klaus Standfuss passed away in April 2024 at the age of 87. In his professional life, Professor Standfuss worked as a physician and university lecturer in Cologne and Dortmund. Even as an active doctor and especially as a pensioner with diverse scientific interests, he was involved for decades in the ecological reorganisation of his city garden in Dortmund and studied the insect fauna developing there. The transformation of a green wasteland into a botanically rich habitat for insects is regarded in Germany as a prime example of the creation of species-rich natural gardens in inner cities. Klaus Standfuss also became known for his contributions to the insect fauna of Germany and Greece, which he published from 1996 to 2021 together with his wife Lisa Standfuss and other specialists in various insect families. His list of entomological publications includes 42 articles, 31 of which deal with Hymenoptera, 10 with Diptera and one with bibliographical problems. Two species of Hymenoptera were named after the couple Klaus and Lisa Standfuss.
A new species and new records of Hoplitis Klug (Hymenoptera, Megachilidae) from Russia
Authors: Fateryga Alexander V. , Proshchalykin Maxim Yu. , Abakumov Evgeny V.
Published: December 2024

Hoplitis (Hoplitis) andreasmuellerisp. nov., a member of the H. adunca species group, is described from the vicinity of Kurush (Samurskiy National Park, Dagestan, Russia). The new species is closely related to H. dagestanica Fateryga, Müller & Proshchalykin, 2023. Females of H. andreasmuelleri can be easily distinguished from those of H. dagestanica by a black antenna, a small impunctate triangular area at the base of the clypeus, ferruginous tarsi, sparse and often interrupted apical band of hairs on terga 1–5, and a whitish scopa. Males of H. andreasmuelleri can be easily distinguished from those of H. dagestanica by a black antenna, the last antennal article not tapering towards the apex, antennal articles 5–12 not modified, ferruginous tarsi, and the lateral lobes of the bilobed membranous appendage at the apical margin of sternum 6 laterally elongated into a rounded tip and medially not separated from each other by an emargination. Females of H. andreasmuelleri were recorded at flowers of two species of the genus Vicia L. (Fabaceae). Hoplitis (Kumobia) abbreviata (Morawitz, 1875) is reported from Russia (Altai Republic) for the first time. New distributional records are reported for H. (Alcidamea) fulva (Eversmann, 1852) and H. (Anthocopa) perezi (Ferton, 1894). Hoplitis (Anthocopa) papaveris (Latreille, 1799) is excluded from the fauna of Crimea and the south of European Russia from where it was previously reported based on a misidentification of H. perezi. The biology of H. perezi in Crimea is briefly discussed. An updated distributional list of all 39 species of Hoplitis known from Russia is provided.
Assessing the impact of tidal changes on fish environmental DNA metabarcoding in temperate and tropical coastal regions of Japan
Authors: Oka Shin-ichiro , Sado Tetsuya , Ushio Masayuki , Miya Masaki
Published: December 2024

Environmental DNA (eDNA) analysis is a valuable tool for detecting species presence in coastal environments. However, its effectiveness can be influenced by factors such as diffusion and degradation after being released by organisms. Understanding eDNA dynamics in response to tidal currents is pivotal, especially in the intertidal zone where water movement is pronounced. This study assessed the impact of tidal movements on fish eDNA metabarcoding across two regions separated by a 10-degree latitude difference: the temperate Boso Peninsula (35°N) and the tropical Motobu Peninsula (25°N). Over two days, we conducted four rounds of water sampling at three sites within 20 km of each Peninsula’s coast during substantial tidal differences (1.5–2 m), covering both outgoing and incoming tides. Fish eDNA metabarcoding analysis revealed notable differences in fish community compositions between the two Peninsulas, with statistically significant variations amongst the three sites within each Peninsula. At each site, comparison between outgoing and incoming tides showed significant differences at five of the six sites. However, variation partitioning analysis suggested that the impact of tidal changes was limited compared to other factors in both regions. These findings suggest that tidal movements may not be a critical factor in designing sampling plans for comparing fish community structures through eDNA metabarcoding at this spatial and temporal scale. Additionally, they highlight the need for empirical studies to explore the underlying mechanisms driving differences in eDNA-based fish community composition related to tidal changes.
Beaucoup de données, peu d’action
Authors: Moizard-Lanvin Justyna
Published: December 2024

La pollution de l’air reste un problème de santé publique majeur, malgré des décennies d’accumulation de connaissances scientifiques. Pourtant, l’inertie des politiques nationales contribuent à la persistance du problème sur le long terme. Exemple à Paris.
Jeunes catholiques en lutte et en dialogue
Authors: Mallet Loïs , Fontenaille Raphaëlle
Published: December 2024

À la croisée des enjeux de la gauche et de la pensée sociale de l’Église, un nouveau catholicisme social et écologique émerge. Organisé cet été, le Festival des poussières, en est l’incarnation.
A influência do maoísmo na redefinição da Linha Geral da Ação Popular (AP) para a revolução brasileira
Authors: Dias Reginaldo Benedito
Published: December 2024

Em 1968, a Ação Popular (AP), organização revolucionária brasileira, aderiu ao maoísmo, mas o sentido dessa filiação não foi unívoco. Houve intensas controvérsias sobre o seu significado, gerando teses conflitantes, disputas e cisão organizativa. Mediante análise bibliográfica e documental, o objetivo é examinar como o maoísmo influenciou a formulação da Linha Geral da AP para a revolução brasileira, com as variações presentes no debate interno e na luta entre as suas correntes.
¿PCB o PCdoB? Perspectivas chinas sobre la ruptura comunista en Brasil, 1962
Authors: Barbosa Leonardo
Published: December 2024

La década de 1960, con las turbulencias internas e internacionales de la Guerra Fría, representó un punto de inflexión para la relación entre Brasil y la República Popular China (RPC). Este artículo analiza cómo el Partido Comunista de China (PCCh) entendió la escisión entre el Partido Comunista Brasileño (PCB) y el Partido Comunista de Brasil (PCdoB) en 1962. A través del análisis detallado de artículos y editoriales del Diario del Pueblo, el periódico oficial del PCCh, esta investigación proporciona datos sobre las prioridades del PCCh, sus objetivos estratégicos y sus esfuerzos por moldear la percepción interna de los acontecimientos políticos en Brasil. En última instancia, el gobierno de Goulart de 1961 a 1964 se presentó como una oportunidad para que China saliera de su aislacionismo diplomático, profundizado por los enfrentamientos con India y la ruptura sino-soviética. En este contexto, la fractura del mundo comunista fue observada con agudeza en Brasil por los medios de comunicación chinos, que dirimieron una batalla ideológica en las páginas del Diario del Pueblo. Al final, el periódico hizo evidente que el PCdoB y sus miembros tenían la superioridad ideológica, mientras que Carlos Prestes y el PCB habían caído presa del revisionismo jruschovista.
A Plea for a Pragmatist Anthropology
Authors: Dreon Roberta
Published: December 2024

In this paper, I defend the claim that a philosophical anthropology inspired by the Classical Pragmatists, while being explicitly naturalistic, can avoid biological reductionism and environmental determinism, as well as dogmatic forms of anthropocentrism and human exceptionalism, insofar as it offers a picture of human nature as historical and contingent, dynamically constituted through interactions with a natural, naturally social, and enculturated environment. Cultural naturalism, I suggest, provides the theoretical framework for a pragmatist anthropology that includes at least two pivotal claims. The first is the idea that continuity is not linear but circular: it implies a kind of feedback action of new organizations of resources and energies on pre-existing forms of organic-environmental interaction. A second claim regards an anti-transcendental stance, emphasizing that the transformation of animal environments into a highly social, habitualized, and enlanguaged environment is entirely contingent, albeit irreversible, and makes a capital difference within the continuity of animal life.
Action publique et responsabilité individuelle face aux risques épidémiques en France
Authors: Cardi Julie
Published: December 2024

Les confinements durant la pandémie de Covid-19 ont rouvert des discussions sur l’habitat urbain en révélant certains de ses manquements à la fois en termes de qualité de vie et de prévention des maladies infectieuses. Le SARS-CoV-2 n’est pas le seul virus qui menace les vies humaines en ville. En France les maladies vectorielles, comme la dengue, le chikungunya et Zika, transmises par les moustiques tigres Aedes albopictus et Aedes aegypti soulèvent également des questions relatives à l’urbain et au bâti, son rapport à la nature et les tensions qui existent entre des objectifs de plus en plus pressants concernant la conception de ville à la fois agréable à vivre, saine et durable. En effet, ces deux espèces, Aedes albopictus en particulier, ont trouvé dans les environnements urbains un habitat parfaitement adapté à leur prolifération, ce qui accroit les nuisances et les risques sanitaires liés à leurs piqûres. Face à cette situation et à l’épidémie de Covid-19, des stratégies de lutte et de prévention ont été mises en place, dont beaucoup basées sur la mobilisation sociale des habitants.
Perceptions of Lesotho nurse-midwives regarding post-partum depression management
Authors: Maloleka Ntsehiseng , Rathobei Libuseng M. , Naranjee Nellie
Published: December 2024

Background: Effective post-partum maternal care is essential for the overall well-being of both the mother and the child. Postpartum depression (PPD) is a pervasive issue with profound implications for maternal health. However, a significant research gap exists concerning the perspectives of nurse-midwives on PPD within the context of Lesotho.Objectives: This study aimed to explore perceptions of nurse-midwives about PPD management at a tertiary care facility in Lesotho.Method: The study site was the Quthing Hospital, a government-funded healthcare facility situated in Lesotho’s southernmost district, Quthing. Employing a constructivist paradigm, the research adopted a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual design. Using purposive sampling, nine nurse-midwives participated in individual interviews.Results: Thematic analysis of the data resulted in three themes emerging namely: a lack of nurse midwifery empowerment, inadequate human and material resources and stigma on mental health issues.Conclusion: Nurse-midwives at a large tertiary care facility perceive PPD management through a multifaceted lens. Insights underscored the complexity of PPD and its ramifications for maternal care.Contribution: This study provides invaluable perspectives from nurse-midwives within a specific Lesotho context, laying the foundation for strategies to enhance PPD management and maternal mental healthcare.
Usability criteria for Business Intelligence Reports in the South African banking industry
Authors: Lebotsa Pheladi A. , Van Biljon Judy , Van der Merwe Ronell
Published: December 2024

Background: The South African banking sector is renowned as world-class, exhibiting ample capital, cutting-edge technology, robust infrastructure, and a rigorous regulatory and supervisory framework. Business intelligence systems are fundamental to providing the data-driven decision support needed to keep the banking industry competitive. The problem is that many business intelligence (BI) reports are not used optimally, or not used at all, because of usability problems.Objectives: The objective is to report on an investigation into BI usability criteria and to propose evidence-based, critical usability criteria for BI reports in the banking industry.Method: A mixed-methods research design, guided by a pragmatist philosophy was employed. Usability criteria for BI systems from literature formed the basis of a survey with employees at a South African Bank. The company issues log (CIL) on BI reports was analysed to investigate the mapping between the reported issues and usability requirements. Interviews were performed to validate the findings from the survey and CIL analysis.Results: The triangulation of the findings from the survey, CIL data analysis and the interviews revealed discrepancies, which were used to refine the initial set of criteria towards proposing the critical usability criteria for the BI banking context.Conclusion: Despite the discrepancy between the survey findings and the CIL analysis, the reports’ usability issues were confirmed by the interview findings.Contribution: The scientific contribution is the evidence-based critical usability criteria for South African BI banking reports. On a practical level, the usability criteria can be applied to design and evaluate financial reports.
Socio-economic & household risk factors of malaria in tribal areas of Madhya Pradesh, central India
Authors: Sharma Ravendra K. , Singh Mrigendra P. , Saha Kalyan B. , Bharti Praveen K. , Jain Vidhan , Singh P. P. , Silawat Nipun , Patel R. , Hussain M. , Chand S.K. , Pandey Arvind , Singh Neeru
Published: December 2024

Background & objectives:

Malaria is a major public health problem in many States of the country, particularly, in Madhya Pradesh where both Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum are endemic. Although many studies have been conducted to investigate risk factors for malaria, but only a few have examined household and socio-economic risk factors. The present study was, therefore, undertaken to explore the relationship of different socio-demographic, socio-economic and behavioural risk factors with malaria prevalence in tribal areas of Madhya Pradesh, India.

Methods:

This study was undertaken in all 62 villages of Bargi Primary Health Centre from May 2005 to June 2008. These villages comprised 7117 households with an average family size of five members. Fortnightly fever surveys were conducted in all villages to assess prevalence of malaria infection in the community. The distinct univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were fitted on the data set.

Results:

The important socio-demographic risk factors like age of household head, social group, occupation and family size; socio-economic factors like type of walls of house, place of drinking water source, irrigated land, cash crop; and behavioural variables like place of sleeping, use of bed nets, etc. were found significantly associated with malaria in univariate analyses. In multivariate analyses only social groups, family size, type of walls of house, and place of sleeping had strong significant association with prevalence of malaria.

Interpretation & conclusions:

The study shows that in tribal areas where people are living in poor quality of houses with no proper use of preventive measures, malaria is firmly established. We conclude that community based interventions which bring improvement in standard of living, access to healthcare facilities and health awareness, will have a significant impact on malaria prevention in these areas.
Establishing communication mechanism for malaria prevention in Baiga tribal villages in Baiga Chak area of Dindori district, Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Saha Kalyan B. , Sharma Ravendra K. , Mishra Rajdeep , Verma Arvind , Tiwari B.K. , Singh Neeru
Published: December 2024

Background & objectives:

Malaria is a serious public health concern in several parts of India, particularly in tribal areas of Madhya Pradesh (MP). Dindori district inhabitated by Baiga tribe, contributes about 15 per cent to the total malaria burden in MP. The tribal and other local inhabitants believe in magico-religious treatment of malaria and use modern health facilities only as second line of treatment. The present study was planned in the villages of one of the particularly vulnerable tribal group of MP, the Baigas. The objective of the study was to generate awareness and utilization of health services for malaria by establishing a communication strategy using local students and unemployed youths as agents of change.

Methods:

The study was undertaken in 47 villages and the need based IEC (information, education and communication) intervention was evaluated within four months of initiation by adopting before and after with control design. For both baseline and resurvey the households covered each time were 2350.

Results:

The baseline data generated revealed that around 53 per cent of the people in the study villages were aware of malaria. Among the non Baigas, 59 per cent were aware of malaria, while among the Baigas it was 49 per cent. IEC intervention could raise the level of awareness to malaria significantly with a net intervention effect of 23 per cent. The IEC intervention also improved the utilization of modern health services significantly.

Interpretation & conclusions:

The IEC strategy designed by using local children and youths was effective as the malaria was on decline in the study area. The same strategy with necessary modifications may be replicated in other areas pandemic for malaria.