bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Smart Development Principles of Knowledge Ecosystem in an Industrial Cluster
Authors: Grumadaitė Kristina , Jucevičius Giedrius , Staniulienė Sonata
Published: August 2022

This paper presents and analyses the principles to develop a knowledge ecosystem in the case of an industrial cluster – “a geographical concentration of interconnected companies, specialized suppliers, service providers, companies in related industries and associated institutions (trade / industry associations, universities, educational institutions) that compete but also cooperate” (Porter, 1990). In the scientific literature, knowledge ecosystem is relatively recent and less explored concept, which is mostly defined as a network of geographically co-located actors, primarily centred around a local university or another research organisation for knowledge search and creation (Almpanopoulou, 2019; Clarisse et al., 2014). Because industrial clusters are putting an emphasis on product commercialisation and creating value (business or innovation ecosystem), the development of knowledge ecosystem more or less reflects a quite fragmental point of view – it is sometimes understood simply as having an university or a research institute among the cluster members and organising particular training seminars, while cluster members may remain individualistic and passive regarding mutual knowledge sharing and creation (Jucevičius, Grumadaitė, Jucevičienė and Čeičytė, 2019). However, in this paper knowledge ecosystem is understood as a precondition of innovation and business ecosystem in order to deal with complex and wicked problems (Andersson and Törnberg, 2019). In addition, smart development is explored expanding digitalisation boundaries, while understanding a social system through the dimensions of agility, network-based, sustainability, learning, innovativeness (Jucevičius and Jucevičienė, 2017).
Digitization and Business Intelligence at the Heart of a Business Strategy Within African Industries Funds
Authors: Booto Ekionea Jean-Pierre
Published: August 2022

This paper focuses on the possibility of collecting information and with a view to the digitization of business processes with the strategic thought of identifying private investment opportunities in the provinces entities which would allow it: - To better collect information on the collection of resources in order to enable it to replenish its fund and meet management and financing needs in the provinces entities ; - Improve the decision-making process at all organizational levels with the help of digitization. This study is based on the application of the knowledge management organizational capacity maturity model (Booto Ekionea, 2012) in the context of African industries Founds to identify the current state of knowledge management organizational capacities towards an ideal model which facilitates the appropriate recommendations.
Knowledge Sharing and Managing Intellectual Capital in the Times of COVID-19: Evidence from Polish Restaurant Industry
Authors: Goll Jagoda , Zięba Krzysztof
Published: August 2022

Purpose: The aim of this paper is to show how restaurants in Poland managed their intellectual capital (IC) in the COVID-19 crisis and how knowledge sharing (KS) helped them to survive in those dynamically changing conditions. Methodology: The study is based on qualitative research – semi-structured interviews with a few restaurant owners and managers responsible for the business operations during the first year of COVID-19 pandemic. Findings: Research results show that one of the key factors in the restaurant survival is their IC. Proper management of this capital allowed businesses to adjust to this unprecedented situation. Dynamic and intense KS between restaurants’ owners, managers and employees fastened the process of adjustment and provided new kind of services necessary to successfully operate in the new reality. Research limitations: The paper takes into consideration only selected restaurants in the Pomeranian region in Poland. Hence, the results cannot be generalized. Practical implications: The paper shows how restaurants’ managers and owners used KS and IC management in order to adapt their business operations to the COVID-19 reality. That can be inspiring for entrepreneurs and help them fully utilize IC of their employees and coworkers, as well as discover the benefits of KS practices. The study also shows the idea of supportive restaurant community and its important role in KS. It also shows arising coopetition between businesses in order to survive violent changes in the socio-economic environment. Originality/value: The paper focuses on dealing with the COVID-19 problems in the restaurant industry from the KS and IC perspective. So far, there are few studies of this kind that take the catering sector as the main subject of the research. Findings can be helpful and valuable not only for academics, but also for entrepreneurs and managers that seek knowledge and solutions they can use in order to grow and develop their organizations in the turbulent environment.
Collaborative Knowledge Building and Social Capital in Gender-Based Violence, Northern Iraq
Authors: Ismael Goran Yousif
Published: August 2022

As the number of COVID-19 continue to increase exponentially in an alarming rate, so as the number increase in Gender-based Violence (GBV). Different authorities and human right groups have making effort to tackle the increase in GBV but still more need to be done. The purpose of this study is to explore the role of collaborative knowledge building and social capital in the fight against gender-based violence. To analyse this issue, the study developed a model with 3 constructs; social capital, Crisis preparedness and collaborative knowledge building. The data generated from the survey was analysed using statistical tools in SPSS and model fitness was tested based on reliability and validity. The study’s findings indicate that 69% of the respondents believe that women are at risk of increase in domestic gender-based violence due to the pandemic. Respondent’s perceptions on collaborative knowledge building and social capital varies significantly. The hypothesis testing has shown that all the hypothesis is supported due to attainment of path coefficient greater than 0.1, t-value of greater than 1.96 and level of significance of above 0.05.
Data analytics in organic farming: Impact on environmental sustainability
Authors: Paz Cristhian , Sáenz Josune , Ortiz-de-Guinea Ana
Published: August 2022

The production of healthy food while preserving the environment constitutes one of the main challenges of the 21st century. Along these lines, organic farming has emerged as a farm management and food production system that encourages environmental sustainability. To enhance such sustainability, data analytics both as an asset and as a capability could play a substantial role. Indeed, data analytics could be used to interpret the past and predict the future and to make more timely or accurate decisions regarding the use and protection of natural resources. Using survey data from 119 Spanish organic farms whose digitization degree as reported by the farmer is above 0, and structural equation modeling based on partial least squares to test research hypotheses, we found that even though data analytics in organic farming is clearly underdeveloped, it still contributes to enhancing farms’ environmental sustainability. Thus, investments in environmental data analytics appear to pay off.
Exploring Knowledge-Hiding Methods and Reasons in a Small Chinese Family Business
Authors: Wen Bo
Published: August 2022

In the highly competitive business environment, family businesses represent the backbone of the economy in various countries; meanwhile, they face tremendous survival challenges. Knowledge, particularly tacit knowledge, is the key to organisational survival because the hard-to-imitate characteristics could create value and technology innovation. However, it is challenging for family businesses to obtain tacit knowledge because it resides in people’s minds; and compared with sharing, people prefer hiding it for self-protection. In recent years, knowledge hiding has increasingly attracted scholars' and practitioners' attention but few in the family business context. Hence, this research aims to investigate how and why the employees hide tacit knowledge in the small family business. The present study used the Self-determination theory (SDT) as the theoretical foundation to explain knowledge hiding behaviours from the motivational perspective. The single case study was conducted in China, as Chinese family business has distinctive cultural characteristics influencing knowledge hiding. Data were collected and analysed from 22 participants in a small Research and Development company through semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis. The findings revealed that skilled employees used various methods to hide knowledge, such as pretending not to know, using no time as an excuse, and hiding the core knowledge. The reasons for knowledge hiding primarily reflected the unfair issues between the family and non-family employees in terms of the favouritism of the owner-manager toward the family employees, no bonus and ‘996’ timetable (people need to work from 9:00 am to 9:00 pm and 6 days per week) for the non-family members. Theoretically, this study contributes to understanding knowledge hiding behaviours by analysing motivations within SDT and corporate contextual influences in the small family business. These findings facilitate enhancing the owner-manager's awareness of the effects of unfairness on knowledge hiding and providing practical solutions to the unfairness and knowledge hiding among employees, as this has immense implications in any business.
Exploring Factors Triggering Individual Knowledge Hiding at the eCommerce Operation Workplace
Authors: XUE Jin
Published: August 2022

Knowledge often requires both experience (implicit knowledge) and exploration (explicit knowledge) (Park and Gabbard, 2018); the knowledge in the e-commerce industry is constantly changing. E-commerce companies must figure out knowledge hiding behaviors inside the organization and eliminate them. Although knowledge management and knowledge sharing implementation have been conducted in organizations academically and practically for many years, employees still share knowledge reluctantly. For instance, in an e-commerce company with multiple online shops, operators are reluctant to share knowledge with colleagues since the techniques and the newest information have huge impacts on the online sales, which will affect the operator’s income and job stability in future (Han, Hampson and Wang, 2021). However, it is detrimental to the overall interests of the company because knowledge can bring competitive advantages to enterprises, and ensure that enterprises are distinguished from other organizations and occupy a favorable position in commercial competition. This paper investigated the antecedents of employees’ knowledge hiding behavior from the knowledge type perspective and explores each path behind the individual type of knowledge: job insecurity path and timeliness path. At the same time, considering the existing fact that companies already have policies that encourage knowledge sharing but still have knowledge hiding behaviors, this paper also explores whether employees’ perception toward corporate knowledge sharing strategies will affect the above two paths. The empirical data was collected from nearly 400 employees (frontline operators and junior managers) from six e-commerce business entities in China. The results verified that employees with a stronger perception of career plateau tend to hide tacit knowledge (derived from their experience) due to job insecurity behind. As to explicit knowledge, the higher the timeliness of the knowledge, the less likely it is that employees would like to hide their knowledge.
Entrepreneurial Orientation in Embedding Knowledge-Based Resources in the Organization
Authors: Okręglicka Małgorzata
Published: August 2022

Knowledge is a key resource for an organization, serving as a source of sustainable differentiation and thus a competitive advantage. Knowledge-based resources are especially valuable to organizations because they are unique and protected against imitation. The advantages of knowledge-based resources mean that investments in these resources translate into benefits for the enterprise, especially when knowledge becomes an attribute of the company as a whole. The ability to embed knowledge in an organization depends on many factors, including those that directly shape the company's organizational culture. One of such factors may be entrepreneurial orientation as a strategic attitude of the firm presented in a given environment. The construct of entrepreneurial orientation should be treated as a multidimensional construct, where the dimensions are: autonomy, proactivity, competitive aggressiveness, innovation and risk taking. Research on the influence of organizational entrepreneurship on building the organization's knowledge resources is relatively rarely presented in the literature, which underlines the scientific contribution of the paper. The main aim of the paper is to study the impact of the level of entrepreneurial orientation on the level of knowledge-based resources embedded in the organization. The implementation of the goal was based on questionnaire surveys conducted in 2022. on the group of 355 enterprises in Poland. The respondents' opinions were diagnosed using a 5-point Likert scale. A managerial approach was used in the study, which constitutes a certain limitation of the research. The results of empirical studies were statistically analysed using tools such as factor analysis and multiple regression. The main research conclusions indicate a positive correlation, of moderate intensity, between the dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation and the level of knowledge-based resources, where the greatest impact was noted in the case of the following predictors: innovation and competitive aggressiveness. The research has implications for management practitioners who, by promoting entrepreneurial attitudes at the organizational level, can manipulate knowledge resources, especially in the area of ​​HR.
Knowledge Management for Managing Crisis in Tourism: Theoretical insights
Authors: Stolarek-Muszyńska Ewa , Zieba Malgorzata
Published: August 2022

COVID-19 has caused an unprecedented crisis affecting the entire tourism industry. Accommodation, food, and travel sectors have been affected by the decreased number of visitors, which had a ripple effect on the financial situation of the whole industry. The purpose of this work is a better understanding of the role of knowledge management in terms of mitigating the crisis in the tourism sector, as well as a development of the framework that appropriately addresses the relevance of KM in crisis situations. This study is based on the literature review of selected papers devoted to crisis management and knowledge management in the time of crisis. The research output is presented in the form of a new framework. This study focuses on the potential support of KM practices on the crisis management within a tourism industry. This work delivers the insights regarding the potential knowledge management application in tourism sector in terms of coping with high-volume crisis. The proposed framework shows that knowledge management practices can be potentially helpful in the time of crisis and may be integrated into a kind of framework for crisis management. Those practices need to be carefully adjusted to the particular situation and to the possibilities of their implementation, as well as to the type of crisis situation and its severity. Additionally, the importance of knowledge as a mean of support for tourism organizations in their decision-making process has been confirmed. Research output is limited to the theoretical contribution originating from the framework. This limitation is to be overcome in the future when the pilot study testing this framework is conducted. Findings of this study provides useful insights not only for the academic society and researchers, but also for tourism organizations striving for further development and improvement of its’ internal processes and handling a crisis situation. This paper improves the overall understanding about the role of knowledge management during a crisis in tourism sector. Theoretical findings provided in this study can constitute the inspirational benchmark for the tourism organizations helping them to catch on the impact of KM practices on the crisis management.
T-shaped Capabilities of the next Generation: Prospecting for an Improved Model
Authors: Saukkonen Juha , Kreus Pia
Published: August 2022

Modern companies are in constant search of ways to improve the integration of the various departments and business processes into a coherent entity. Changes made to the organizational structure and deployment of common company-wide ICT solutions such as Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) and cloud infrastructure are some means that enable better internal collaboration and transparency, compared to siloed structures and modes of operating. However, infrastructural or management system changes cannot foster a holistic view, and collaboration between different parts of the organization is not possible if the stakeholders in company processes do not possess capability profiles that match the need. Human Resource Management (HRM) and knowledge management (KM) research has introduced and elaborated on the concept of T-shaped capabilities as an answer to the needs of a modern knowledge-era employee. A T-shaped capability profile is highlighting the need of employees (and managers alike) to build broad combinatory capabilities (the horizontal line on the top of the letter T) between the firm´s processes in addition to their specific expertise in one area (the vertical line in the letter T - so-called I-shape capability). Our paper introduces a prospective evolutionary step to T-shaped capabilities that we call the T2 capability model. The model adds another horizontal layer to the model. This layer is made of generic i.e., not industry- or firm-specific capabilities, as imposed by megatrends and mindsets needed across all areas of economic activity. Examples of such generic capabilities are sustainability and ethics as well as financial and technical literacies. The second horizontal line consists of the firm´s business processes such as sales and marketing, supply chain, research, and development, etc. We will also introduce some practices on how T2-shaped capabilities could be fostered in education and the company- and industry-level actions.
The Dynamics of Knowledge in the Implementation Of The Distribution Channels Changing Project Under Conditions of the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Case Study
Authors: Stepien Marcin
Published: August 2022

The purpose of the study is to identify and evaluate the impact of knowledge dynamics processes on the effectiveness of the project implementation of changes in product distribution channels under conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. Implementation of changes is a result of external circumstances related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Adaptation activities can be based on project management aimed at changing existing distribution channels in a turbulent environment. With reference to the considerations presented in the study, it can be pointed out that knowledge management processes allow to observe and describe changes in the environment, indicating the justification of emerging threats and opportunities in the company's environment and the company's response, particularly under COVID -19 pandemic conditions, which fills an identified research gap.  The implication from the research is that there is a significant impact of external conditions, shaped by the COVID-19 pandemic, on the implemented project of changing sales in different distribution channels, which can be neutralized by the effectiveness of knowledge management in the company. The research methods used to achieve the stated objective are literature study, descriptive analysis and case study. The empirical research was based on a company making its sales in the European market. The study period was 2018-2020. The research problem is important and current issue because of possibility of achieving companies knowledge increment and increase the effectiveness of project implementation in the perspective of changes in the external environment.
Digitizing the Austrian Universities’ ICR for an Effective Higher Education Governance
Authors: Reisner Dominik
Published: August 2022

The Intellectual Capital Reports (ICR) of the Austrian Universities are a major source of data needed for the evidence-based governance of the higher education sector in Austria. However, the current information gathering processes within the Science Ministry were very time consuming and labor-intensive due to the following reasons:

Out of the three sections of the ICR universities could only deliver the indicator section via digital interface.

The performance report as well as the performance agreement monitoring chapters, which consist largely of body of texts, had to be processed manually by gathering and compiling data out of separate pdf files for each university.

This impedes the effectiveness of the use of the data contained in the ICR for governance purposes.

Additionally, creating said elements at the universities largely happens by way of a collaborative effort. At some institutions, however, the processes for an effective collaboration require immense coordination efforts as these processes provide very little digital support.

Consequently, the Science Ministry, under involvement of the universities, decided to create a tool, which enables the universities to compile the majority of the ICR in an online database achieving the following effects:

The universities compile the ICR in a browser-based application in one of two ways: either they use the application’s interface to compile the report elements collaboratively with clear process structures as well as comprehensive tasks and responsibilities. Alternatively, universities may copy texts from MS Word files if they have already established their own processes.

The contents of the aforementioned sections are automatically entered into a search database that enables the Science Ministry to browse, compare and compile information either by keyword search or by exporting (sub)chapters. Search results may be grouped by single universities or groups of universities as well as the reporting year.

Thus, accessibility of information contained in the ICRs is more easily accessible by providing tools for effective of data mining, thus conserving staff resources and therefore enhance the informed decision-making processes required for effective governance.
Can bots Support Employees in Lessening Digital Fatigue During e-Work: Research Results
Authors: Zalewska-Turzyńska Magdalena
Published: August 2022

The pandemic situation has obliged organizations to shift all possible tasks to the Internet and to replace on-site work by its remote version. Without a preparation stage, companies were forced to adopt remote working at the individual-level and cloud computing at the organization level simultaneously. As a consequence, the accelerated shift toward digital work forced employees to rapidly learn how to use various ICT tools (which were not necessarily compatible with each other) and how to implement them into a daily routine.The protracted pandemic has led to many employees working from home, especially those doing knowledge-based work, and has often imposed remote work without the on-site option. This has led (and is still leading) to digital fatigue of workers (a phenomenon that negatively affects the performance of both the employee and the organization), the effects of which have already been named and described by scientists. One solution to unburden employees could be by relieving them from everyday, repetitive, and often tedious jobs By delegating these tasks to bots (especially those that may be subject to automation), it will enable employees to deal with more creative and knowledge-based tasks that require attention and do not cause the same level of fatigue and weariness. In this paper, the research question enquires whether there are commonplace digital processes in organizations that can be automated. If yes, then which technologies are used on a regular basis to automate the processes. The conducted literature review helped to distinguish three categories of standard digital processes suitable for automation – Information and Communication Technology (ICT) based processes (written and spoken), Robotic Process Automation (RPA) and processes of searching for specific information. The empirical research was conducted using the CATI questionnaire in 2020 on 400 organizations which use cloud computing for daily routines. The results indicate that the identified processes are indeed subject to automation, and organizations use bots for RPA most (27.5%), and voice chatbots least (3.75%). The use of bots is also shown to be statistically dependent on a company’s scope and size.
Knowledge Management and Dynamic Capabilities: A Digital Embracing of Interrelated Processes
Authors: Sabri Mohammad Omar
Published: August 2022

Exploration and exploitation are the main processes that work concurrently to achieve an organisation's evolution and success. Knowledge Management (KM) and Dynamic Capabilities (DCs) are significant fields that share these processes. The application of exploration and exploitation processes is still implicit in organisations, and it is not formally represented in technical configuration levels. Mapping these processes to Information technology (IT) creates an advanced robust translation of their use. It also identifies a tangible role for KM and DCs. The idea of deconstructing dynamic capabilities into three levels has been adopted in this mapping. Levels are high-order learning capabilities with the highest exploration learning activities, first-order ordinary capabilities with the highest exploitation learning activities, and lower-order functional capabilities, intermediate between both levels. The digital embracing of the exploration and exploitation model has been proposed to translate all levels of capabilities into different digital configurations. Automated functions of search/browse, create/add, modify/update, remove/delete and read/revise are utilised to present these digital configurations in this model. Search/browse and create/add reflect the higher-order level. Modify/update and remove/delete mirror the intermediate level. Read/revise matches the first-order level. These IT configurations are simple and would be sufficient to assess exploration and exploitation processes. It can also support a new vision for measuring organisational ambidexterity. A near-future case study of an educational institution will be accomplished to evaluate this model.  Two main domains, which involve internal systems (strategies, policies, and regulations) and educational materials, will be assessed with their e-resources and the use of the proposed digital functions that represent exploration and exploitation. A quantitative approach using an online survey will be used in this evaluation. The survey will be distributed to academics with administrative positions in all institution departments. The findings of this evaluation would expect to assess the extent of using online search in finding and creating new e-resources which present the two nominated evaluation domains. It would also appraise updating, deleting, and reading available e-resources according to these domains' new requirements or traditional proceeded routines.
Social Innovation as a Paradigm of Change in Organisational Management
Authors: Rybak Anna
Published: August 2022

The paper contributes to the debate on the future of social innovation (SI). The aim of the research was to determine the influence of the subsidy market leader on the valuation of IS by organizations participating in the PROO and NEWFIO competitions. The Stackenberg leadership model was used for this purpose. The research has shown that organisations applying for grants, in most cases, follow the leader, regardless of the competition that sets the price (maximum grant value) for SI. In the futere, use of game theory to describe the role of a leader allows for the strengthening and better adjustment of competition offers to future social and technological challenges, e.i. “Green Deal” for Industry 5.0.
Major Drivers to Innovation in Higher Education Institutions of Developing Countries
Authors: Mazorodze Alfred Hove , Mkhize Peter
Published: August 2022

In both developed and developing countries, innovation in higher education improves decision-making capabilities and contributes to institutional growth. Similarly, all higher education institutions naturally store and access knowledge in some manner and these institutions are expected to be at the cutting edge of such innovation. To this date, institutional recognition determines if a higher education institution meets or surpasses the minimum standards of quality education across the globe. Knowledge-sharing builds collective knowledge, retains knowledge and increases innovation capabilities. Higher education institutions in developing countries should be comparable to their counterparts in developed countries. The study therefore explores the key drivers to innovation in higher education institutions of developing countries using a survey strategy. The study collected different views from academics on the core drivers to innovation. An adequate sample of 240 participants was carefully chosen from 4 state universities in Zimbabwe, a developing country in Africa, with a 66.6% response rate. The research participants were actively involved in higher education functions of teaching, learning and research. After performing reliability tests on the data collection instruments, the researcher performed a descriptive analysis to measure the effect of the drivers towards the much needed innovation in higher education institutions. The empirical findings confirm that the most important driver for innovation in higher education institutions is Knowledge Management, followed by technological advances, competitive advantage and globalisation. It was established that technology is an enabler to higher education functions and is now embedded into teaching, learning and research. This educational transformation empowers academics with technical skills. The adoption of Knowledge Management practices supported by up-to-date technology will certainly improve the capabilities of these institutions. Because knowledge cannot be imitated by institutions to gain a competitive advantage, properly investing in Knowledge Management should certainly strengthen an institution into more competitiveness. The study therefore recommends the adoption of Knowledge Management practices for all higher education institutions in developing countries.
Knowledge management models and the innovativeness of high-tech companies – the case study
Authors: Wiktoria Trzepizur
Published: August 2022

The article discusses the problem of the significance of knowledge management in contemporary enterprises. The timeliness of research problems in relation to this issue is confirmed by a comprehensive literature review. The article attempts to define individual knowledge management models and to define the essence of knowledge management in enterprises. These considerations have been extended with innovation which is crucial for 21st century companies. The publication covers empirical research of selected high-tech companies. This sector has been selected due to a noticeable lack of studies in this area. The research method used in the empirical part of the paper is a case study. Two high-tech companies operating in the IT industry have been selected. It has been essential to distinguish the criteria for selecting high-tech companies in the study. The objective of the conducted comparative analysis has been to examine what knowledge management model is used by the specified enterprises and what concept of innovation they have selected. The results of the conducted analyses indicate that enterprises take similar actions. Most of all, this is conditioned by the specificity of the sector and industry in which they operate. The subject matter of the publication is important and up to date, it covers two fundamental components of the operation of contemporary enterprises since both knowledge management and innovation constitute a constantly expanded scientific issue.
Actions for Knowledge Integration capability in Building an Innovative Enterprise: Organizational Perspective
Authors: Lemańska-Majdzik Anna
Published: August 2022

The functioning of modern organizations requires not only the constant collection of information and its analysis, but also adaptation to changing business requirements. Enterprise owners and managers must indicate which directions of development are important for business maintenance, its development or adaptation to changes in the environment. Achieving and maintaining a business competitive advantage depends on the implementation of innovation in individual entities, use of modern technologies, including advanced IT solutions and the construction of processes and knowledge resources focused on the market environment. Knowledge is perceived as the crucial source to gain a competitive advantage, and knowledge management becomes an important element of the entire process of managing an organization. KI or the ability to collect and process specific information resources of an organization is also crucial for business innovation. KI is difficult to achieve, however, it is the basis for competitive abilities of companies. The aim of the article is to identify the capability to integrate knowledge influencing the innovativeness of enterprises. The review of the current subject literature focuses on the analysis of capability in the  knowledge integration based on international experience. The article is based on the results of research conducted at the turn of 2021 and 2022 on a group of 355 enterprises operating in Central Europe, where the business innovation level is quite low. Therefore, an attempt was made to set recommendations for activities for knowledge integration for enterprises intending to increase innovation. The analysis of the practical knowledge integration capability is based on statistical analyses allowing for indicating the correlation and dependence between the studied variables. The empirical research using the proposed research tool was the basis for building a knowledge integration model in terms of enterprise innovation. The analysis showed that selected knowledge integration capability positively correlates with the level of enterprise innovativeness.
The Process of Sharing Knowledge in the Implementation of a Marketing Project: A Proposal for a Data Selection Model
Authors: Łęgowik-Małolepsza Małgorzata
Published: August 2022

The study addresses the problem of sharing knowledge, indicating its impact on the implementation of a marketing project in enterprises. All the considerations presented have been divided into two main parts, theoretical and empirical. The considerations presented in the first part include the characteristics of designing the company's marketing activities in the context of sharing knowledge. The next, second part of the study presents the possibilities of using information management in the process of sharing knowledge during the implementation of a marketing project. The third part discusses the processes of sharing knowledge in a marketing project. The next part describes the research methods. Subsequently, the study is an attempt to answer the research question - how does the sharing of knowledge create the implementation of the marketing project of the surveyed company? As a consequence of this question, the aim of the study was to develop a model of data selection determining sharing knowledge and information management during the implementation of a marketing project in an enterprise. The issue of sharing knowledge in the implementation of a marketing project is important and current due to its impact on decision-making processes in enterprises in the perspective of maintaining a competitive position on the market. The publication contributes to the discussion on the extent to which enterprises use sharing knowledge processes in order to gain a competitive advantage through the implementation of marketing activities.
Towards the essence of knowledge research: A comparative study ECKM papers 2017-2021
Authors: Olaisen Johan , Jevnaker Birgit Helene
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this paper is to analyze and compare all the papers in the proceedings of ECKM in 2017 (Barcelona), 2018 (Padua), 2019 (Lisbon), and the digital conferences in 2020 and 2021. The study classifies the papers according to methodology, analysis, discussion, and conclusion regarding their contribution to the four paradigmatic boxes. The approach uses the five philosophy of science framework and compares this to the content of the research papers. We will use the findings in four representations of knowledge, two typologies of concepts, four paradigmatic classifications, and the concluding framework for knowledge management research. The five conferences heavily emphasize knowledge-itis and instrumental itis and much less on problem-itis. The papers are mostly centered around existing knowledge and accepted methodology and are less related to new problems. The results indicate a conference based upon as-is knowledge and less upon new and often unsolvable problems. The ECKM academic papers in 2017, 2018, and 2019 have relatively low complexity presented in an empirical and materialistic paradigmatic framework through definitive concepts representing a form of atomistic research. The papers in 2020 and 2021 are presented within a more robust clarified subjectivity and action research-based framework through both definitive and sensitizing concepts. What would ECKM have been with a higher degree of complexity in action and subjective paradigmatic framework through sensitizing concepts representing a form of holistic research? Probably a more creative, engaged, and relevant conference. Probable also a more scientific conference since advances in knowledge demand not living up to the conference expectations data cannot meet. The more critical and green papers in the 2020 and 2021 conferences are open to new perspectives on the choice of methodology, problems, and knowledge. The 2021 conference represents a turning point for critical green and sustainability papers based on clarifying subjectivity through action-based research.

.
The ethics of classifying the world: from library catalogues to AI
Authors: Thornley Clare , Bustillo Marta , Schmidt Supprian Christoph
Published: August 2022

This paper reports on an initial  exploration of  knowledge classification ethics: What are the important ethical issues in how we classify knowledge and what kind of cognitive, cultural and social impacts may they have? An important part of Knowledge Management is the classification and organisation of knowledge to make it findable and reveal connections in related subjects. Discussion on the ethical aspects of this issue have recently been brought to the fore in both Library and Information Studies (LIS), in terms of objections to Library classification terms, and also in AI which can classify data using data sets which themselves reflect existing injustices and bias. The ethical implications of both types of knowledge classification can be better understood when the classification ethics debate in LIS and AI are used to  inform each other. Findings include that AI provides clarity on measuring adverse outcomes whilst LIS provides nuance on the potential cultural and psychological harm of inappropriate terminology and inaccurate positioning within ‘worlds of knowledge’.
Innovation Management and Usage of Knowledge Transfer in Tourism Enterprises
Authors: Zontek Zbigniew , Lipianin-Zontek Ewa
Published: August 2022

This paper presents an overview of issues related to the role of the chosen aspects of knowledge management in tourism enterprises. The development of tourism and achieving positive effects from it is primarily supported by the possession of tourism assets and attractions. However, to fully absorb them, it is necessary to create innovations in tourism enterprises and regions. Undertaking this subject is justified by the need to transfer the current knowledge in the field of innovation to the tourism sector. The paper aims to demonstrate the determinants of tourism enterprises’ innovation, with particular emphasis on the importance of knowledge and its transfer. The primary, quantitative research presented in the paper was conducted in Poland among tourism enterprises. 1200 tourism enterprises were tested, extracted from the population of over 12000 units placed in official databases. The main scientific goals of the study were: to recognise and empirically verify the conditions of innovation management in Polish tourism enterprises, to identify external and internal determinants affecting the formation of innovation in these enterprises and to assess the effects of introduced innovations. The study established a research hypothesis: Internal factors such as the involvement and creativity of employees in the creation and transfer of knowledge have a significant impact on the innovation of tourism enterprises. The presented results indicate that the main drivers of innovation are exogenous factors and come especially from customers’ expectations, willingness to use external sources of financing and benchmarking focused primarily on foreign enterprises. The impact of human resources and knowledge management processes on these processes is varied, and in the case of these determinants of innovation, the relatively largest impact was noted in the case of: knowledge transfer within the enterprise, efficient human resources management, creativity of employees and the creation of new knowledge resources in the company. The paper points to the need to change the approach of managers of tourism enterprises, to include roles attributed to employees in finding innovative solutions and transfer of the new knowledge. For this purpose, companies should develop these resources in terms of their quantity and quality.
The Relationships Between National Intellectual Capital and Foreign Direct Investment
Authors: Lin Te-Yi , Lin Yeh-Yun, Carol
Published: August 2022

Foreign direct investment (FDI) has a significant influence on economic development, productivity and competitiveness in host countries. Policymakers are eager to attract FDI. With the importance of the knowledge economy, intellectual capital becomes a critical determinant of FDI location choice. Thus, the study tries to understand the relationships between national intellectual capital (NIC) and FDI in host countries and to compare the differences between developed countries and developing countries. The study hypothesizes that each component of NIC (human capital, market capital, process capital, renewal capital and financial capital) is positively related to FDI. Moreover, in developed countries, human capital and renewal capital has more influence on FDI while in developing countries, market capital and process capital have more influence on FDI.

The study uses data from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and Taiwan Intellectual Capital Research Center (TICRC). Because of data availability, the sample needs to be both included in the database of UNCTAD and TICRC during 2001 to 2018. The final sample consists of 59 countries which extends over the five continents. The study proceeds by using panel data, pooling 56 countries for the period from 2001 to 2019 after the Hausman test to determine whether there are fixed effects or random effects. A generalized least square (GLS) model is used to test the hypotheses with country-year data for FDI analysis.

The results confirm that each dimension of NIC is positively related to inward FDI, indicating to the importance of NIC to attract inward FDI. In addition, national market capital, national process capital and national renewal capital have more influence on inward FDI in developing countries than in developed countries. Conclusions and practical suggestions are also provided.
Knowledge Management Model for Internal Auditing
Authors: Mai Duc Nighia , Loan Nguyen Hoang To
Published: August 2022

Internal audit is crucial to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of internal controls, governance, and risk management processes in organizations. For an internal audit organization, to benefit from the knowledge of its staff, it is vital to identify the knowledge that is needed to complete quality and efficient internal audits. Knowledge management is a system that is concerned with using to the best advantage knowledge and experience. In internal auditing, knowledge management is increasingly recognized as a tool to effectively manage not only the knowledge of individuals, but also the collective knowledge in the organization. Research on internal audit has appeared since the 1980s and brought many benefits to internal audit activities, but these studies have not explained how knowledge is created during an internal audit. To address the research gap, this study looks into how knowledge is managed in an internal audit process. The applied methodology is to conduct qualitative case study research by using in-depth interviews, observations, and documentary analysis in the internal audit field.

Findings from empirical analysis of the case together with the literature review provide useful insights to construct a potential model of knowledge management in internal audit. During an internal audit process, there are three key elements including data, information, and knowledge that internal auditors need to consider. Data is a series of separate observations, measurements, or events in the audited company. Information is the organized data that has been arranged with relevance and purpose for better comprehension of the internal activities. The knowledge generated and applied by internal auditors can be thought of as a collection of specific and broad information sets and experience in similar audit situations. The process of knowledge management in internal audit involves four sub-processes: collecting data, analyzing data to get information, synthesizing information to create knowledge, and improving knowledge by putting knowledge into practice. The research findings imply that the process of internal auditing requires internal auditors to apply not only analysis capacities but also empirical experience in their work. In the internal audit, it requires collaboration from within the auditing organization and from the auditee’s sources to enable a valuable outcome for all involved.