bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Medidas afirmativas para mujeres en STEM: análisis comparado de su implementación en universidades chilenas
Authors: Radovic Darinka , Gerdtzen Ziomara , González Maite , Mahn Andrea , Saavedra Karin
Published: December 2023

La baja representación de mujeres en carreras de ciencia, tecnología, ingeniería y matemáticas (STEM) es un fenómeno internacional y con fuerte expresión en Chile. En este país ha existido un interés creciente por implementar acciones afirmativas para el ingreso de mujeres a estas áreas (cupos preferenciales), careciendo de antecedentes o evaluaciones previas. El presente artículo compara estas acciones en cuatro universidades. Los resultados muestran que, aun cuando los diseños e implementación difieren, todos se encuentran apegados al sistema de admisión tradicional. En la implementación se han encontrado dificultades en la definición de requisitos, dando cuenta de una importante tensión entre criterios de meritocracia y de inclusión. Respecto de variables de integración social y académica, las mujeres reportan mayor malestar, pero no difieren en valoración académica, marginación social y discriminación con sus pares de género masculino. La evaluación/percepción de las medidas afirmativas es notablemente más positiva en personas de género femenino y en personas que ingresan por cupos. Por último, las estudiantes ingresadas por cupos perciben el género como una variable relevante en su experiencia universitaria y el ingreso especial como fuente de discriminaciones, principalmente en sus pares hombres. Las recomendaciones incluyen necesidades de difusión y sensibilización, definición de requisitos de ingreso y recomendaciones para la inclusión social y académica de las estudiantes.
Między szlachecką demokracją, rosyjskim samodzierżawiem a unicką duchowością – szkoła bazylianów w Humaniu
Authors: Krywoszeja Igor , Morawiec Norbert
Published: December 2023

Przedmiotem artykułu jest próba ukazania dziejów szkoły bazyliańskiej w Humaniuw kontekście zaszłych na terenach południowo-wschodniej Rzeczypospolitej końca XVIII i początkuXIX w. przemian społeczno-politycznych. Autorzy dowodzą, iż system edukacyjny bazylianów był przezkilka stuleci nierozerwalnie związany z interakcją polskich i rusko-ukraińskich oraz katolickich i prawosławnychelementów kulturowych. Doprowadziła ona do ukształtowania w mentalności unitów przekonaniao istnieniu w ramach Rzeczypospolitej jedności narodowej (łączącej Polaków i Rusinów orazLitwinów) i konfesyjnej (katolicy obydwu obrządków). Jedności tej zagrażali prawosławni stanowiącywroga zewnętrznego (Moskwa) i wewnętrznego (Kozacy, duchowni prawosławni Rzeczypospolitej). Ideajedności metaforyzowała wszelkie myślenie/działanie bazyliańskich zakonników, zarówno ich teologię,historiografię, jak i pedagogikę. To właśnie humańska szkoła, jako jedna z najsłynniejszych na prawobrzeżnejUkrainie, wpisała się we wszelkie przemiany targające organizmem upadłej Rzeczypospolitej.Po pierwszym etapie działalności szkoły i przerwie wynikającej z krwawych wydarzeń humańskich1768 r. nastąpił znaczny jej rozkwit, trwający praktycznie do jej zamknięcia przez władze rosyjskiejw 1834 r.
Education between “class” and “nation”: the influence of the theory of class struggle on Ukrainian educational historiography (1920s–1980s)
Authors: Haliv Mykola , Ilnytskyi Vasyl
Published: December 2023

The article examines the introduction of the theory of class struggle to the Ukrainian historical narrative (on the example of studies on the history of education) which evolved in the totalitarian conditions of the USSR. Class struggle was considered the essence of and the driving force behind history; therefore, the historical development of education was regarded as an area where the interests of progressive and reactionary classes were manifested. By relying on the theory of class struggle, scholars attempted to describe the national character of the development of education at various historical stages, which led to incorrect conclusions. Historians used the “progressive class” concept in studies on the development of education. In biographical research, historians examined the worldview, ideas and activities of education advocates based on their social class. Under the influence of the theory of class struggle, historians developed the concept of education as a tool for class struggle. Class theories led to the emergence of the myth that the ruling classes have no interest in educating the “working people”.
Medal Jean Emmanuela Giliberta w zbiorach Narodowego Muzeum Historii Naturalnej w Paryżu
Authors: Daszkiewicz Piotr
Published: December 2023

W 1782 r. w Wilnie Jean-Emmanuel Gilibert padł ofiarą próby otrucia. Wybitny przyrodnik i przyjaciel króla został uratowany przez swojego studenta Onufrego Orłowskiego, który, w porę ostrzeżony, wylał zatrutą kawę. Stanisław August Poniatowski uczcił to wydarzenie pamiątkowym medalem. Medal ku czci Orłowskiego jest wielką rzadkością w muzealnych zbiorach. Prowadzone w Paryżu i Lyonie, rodzinnym mieście Giliberta, w okresie międzywojennym poszukiwania nie dały rezultatu. Znane były jedynie dwa egzemplarze w kolekcji numizmatyczna Emeryka Huttena-Czapskiego w Krakowie. Ostatnio medal został odnaleziony także w zbiorach Narodowego Muzeum Historii Naturalnej w Paryżu. Artykuł przedstawia historię medalu i hipotezy jego pochodzenia w paryskim muzeum.
New apple variety – Hrustal’nyj Bashmachok
Authors: Merezhko O. E. , Aminova E. V.
Published: December 2023

The domestic apple tree (Malus domestica Borkh.) occupies a leading place among fruit crops, both in terms of area planted and in terms of gross fruit harvest. Currently, apple tree varieties are subject to strict requirements for highly adaptability, winter hardiness, early fruiting, high yield and quality of fruits. The new apple tree variety Hrustal’nyj Bashmachok (breeding number 1-18), meets many of the listed requirements, is the result of breeding work of the Orenburg branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution Federal Scientific Center for Horticulture, aimed at improving the assortment and meeting the demand of producers and consumers of agricultural products in the Ural region. A variety of autumn ripening, universal use, obtained from open pollination of Antonovki Obyknovennoj and combines in its genotype such valuable qualities as high winter hardiness, productivity, and resistance to scab. The tree is medium in size, with a rounded crown of medium density. Fruits with an average weight of 152 g, conical, regular in shape. The surface of the fruit is smooth, slightly ribbed, the main color at the time of harvest and consumer ripeness is greenish-yellow. The outer color is present on a smaller part of the fruit and is orange. Subcutaneous dots are small, white, barely noticeable. The fruit pulp is creamy, dense, juicy, fine-grained, with a medium aroma. The taste is sweet and sour, pleasant, tasting score 4.4 points, average aroma. The shelf life of fruits is 20-30 days. Chemical composition of the fruit: sugar content 10.8 %, ascorbic acid 19.1 mg/100 g, dry matter 13.4 %; acidity 0.8 %. The Hrustal’nyj Bashmachok variety has average drought and heat resistance, is slightly affected by scab, and begins to bear fruit in the third year after planting. Over a long period of study, the variety showed a high level of economically valuable traits, including yield from 14.8 to 18.8 t/year and stable annual fruiting. The Crystal Shoe variety has been included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements approved for use in the Ural region since 2022 and is recommended for updating the industrial assortment of the region and cultivation in farms of various categories.
Results of study of polymorphism of Lupinus angustifolius L. spike–like samples from VIR collection on valuable breeding traits
Authors: Vlasova E. V.
Published: December 2023

The spike-like (epigonal) forms of Lupinus angustifolius L. differ from the typical forms by transformation into pods of the first order branches in the upper part of the plant. There were lines and varieties of narrow-leaved lupine alternately subjected to three-year tests in the climatic conditions of the Moscow region in 2009-2022, as they come into VIR collection. The results of the evaluation of 48 spike-like samples were presented. Of these, a total of 40 non-alkaloid samples were selected. The carriers of the gene le (24 samples) and two genes ta и le (5 samples) were allocated. The morphometric parameters of the samples were characterized in accordance with the descriptor scale. The ranges of variability and coefficients of variation of indicators within the group were shown. The epigonal forms were characterized by weight of seeds in the range of 3.3-9.9 g per plant (on average for three years). The correlation analysis showed that the differences between the samples in the seed productivity were mainly due to differences in the seed size (r...0.51), in the number of pods on the main stem (r...0.53) and in the number of pods on the lateral branches (r...0.54). A negative relationship between the number of pods on the central brush and in the axils (r...–0.70) and between the weight of 1 000 seeds and the average number of seeds per pod (r...–0.55) was noted. The highest indicators of seed productivity had samples k-3062 75A/327 (Australia) and k-3630 B-23/86 (Russia) (9.5 and 9.9 g per plant). The leadership of these samples was due to the outstanding number of seeds per plant (67 and 70) and the number of pods per plant (21.1 and 26.3), including on the main stem (11.4 and 11.1) and on the lateral branches (9.7 and 15.2), as well as by the larger seeds (weight of 1 000 seeds 141 g). Both samples were low-alkaloid, and the sample k–3062 had non-cracking pods by ta and le genes.
Features of growth and production processes in own-rootedand grafted cherry plum trees
Authors: Upadysheva G. Yu.
Published: December 2023

In 2022-2023, a comparative study of the growth and productivity of own-rootedand grafted cherry plum trees planted in 2020 according to the 5×2 m scheme was conducted at the Federal Horticultural Research Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery. The objects of research are plants of the varieties ‘Shatyor’, ‘Zlato Skifov’ and ‘Kubanskaya Kometa’, own-rooted and grafted on clone rootstocks SVG-11-19 and 13-113. Differences in biometric indicators in own-rootedand grafted trees of all studied varieties have been established. The height of trees at the age of 5 years varied depending on the graft -rootstock combination from 2.0 (‘Zlato Skifov’/SVG-11-19) up to 3.1 m (‘Shatyor’/13-113). The height of the own-rootedtrees was 15-20 % less than that of the trees grafted on the rootstock 13- 113. The ‘Kubanskaya Kometa’ and ‘Shatyor’ varieties showed a significant decrease in height when grafted on the SVG-11-19 rootstock. The trees of the ‘Zlato Skifov’ variety (less than 2.1 m) were the weakest in the experiment. Differences in the length of annual increments and leaf area were revealed. The productivity of cherry plum trees in the initial period of fruiting depended both on varietal characteristics and on the method of growing planting material. The most productive variety was a Shatyor with a load yield of more than 11 kg/der. The greatest differences in productivity, depending on the rootstock, were noted in the ‘Kubanskaya Kometa’ variety: from 7.3 to 12.9 kg/der. The average productivity of trees of the ‘Zlato Skifov’ variety did not exceed 5.5 kg/der. The ‘Kubanskaya Kometa’ and ‘Shatyor’ varieties have an advantage in productivity in trees grafted on the SVG-11-19 rootstock compared to own-rootedones. The fruits of own-rootedtrees of all varieties were smaller than those grafted on the rootstock SVG-11-19. To increase the yield of the ‘KubanskayaKometa’ and ‘Shatyor’ varieties, seedlings grafted on the SVG-11-19 rootstock should be used. For a low-growing variety of ‘Zlato Skifov’, the optimal result can be obtained when planting plantings, both with own-rootedseedlings and grafted on rootstock 13-113.
The direct and indirect effects of workplace loneliness on FoMO: Nomophobia and general belongingness
Authors: SAPMAZ Fatma
Published: December 2023

The fact that digital technologies have become an integral part of daily life and the widespread use of smartphones bring different problems with them. Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) and No Mobile Phone Phobia (Nomophobia) are among these problems. It is noteworthy that these interrelated concepts are considered as digital diseases of the 21st century and in recent years, research on the variables explaining these concepts has increased. It should be noted, however, that these studies generally focus on adolescents known as Generation Z. However, Nomophobia and FoMO are important sources of risk not only for young people, but also for adults called Generation Y, who spend most of their lives at workplaces. For employees, factors such as workplace loneliness and the need to belong can influence the risk of FoMO as much as Nomophobia. However, these influences that lead employees to FoMO syndromes are still under-researched. For this reason, the current study aims to examine the direct effects of workplace loneliness on FoMO and its indirect effects through general belongingness (GB) and Nomofobia (NMP). For this purpose, 204 people working in different sectors were reached and the data obtained from the voluntary participants were analyzed by structural regression analysis. The results indicate that the independent variables GB and NMP have a statistically significant direct effect on the dependent variable FoMO, with coefficients of β=-0.207 (p0.05). These results indicate that a low level of general belongingness has a negative effect on employees' FoMO levels, while a high level of belongingness has a positive effect. Similarly, it has been observed that employees' levels of nomophobia have a direct and positive impact on their FoMO (Fear of Missing Out) levels. Lastly, the acceptance dimension of general belongingness and all sub-dimensions of nomophobia indirectly influence the relationship between workplace loneliness and FoMO.
МОДЕЛІ ОЦІНКИ СТРУКТУРНОЇ ЖИВУЧОСТІ ТА НАДІЙНОСТІ КОМП’ЮТЕРНИХ МЕРЕЖ
Authors: НЕВЗОРОВ Андрій , СКЛЯРЕНКО Олена , КОЛОДІНСЬКА Яніна , НІКОЛАЄВСЬКИЙ Олександр
Published: December 2023

Авторами розглянуті питання визначення та оцінювання найважливіших характеристик комп’ютерних мереж, а саме, структурної живучості та надійності. Відзначено актуальність тематики дослідження у зв’язку з інтенсивним розвитком хмарних обчислень i відкритих даних та онлайн послуг за останнє десятиліття. Відмічено сучасні тенденції розвитку обчислювальної техніки, процеси конвергенції мереж, перехід до мереж нового покоління та нагальні виклики воєнного часу, що зумовлюють необхідність моделювання оцінки надійності і підвищення живучості сучасних комп’ютерних мереж з урахуванням напрямків їхнього розвитку. В роботі наведено методику та приклади розрахунку значення показника надійності зв’язку у мережах, яке розраховується в залежності від структури мережі.  Проведено моделювання оцінки структурної живучості та  надійності зв’язку в мережі між вузлами. Структурна живучість розглядається як можливості реконструкції, реорганізації, які дадуть змогу створити структуру, що забезпечує надійне функціонування комп’ютерної мережі. Авторами запропоновані правила і формули розрахунку значень показника надійності для різних варіантів з’єднання елементів мережі. Наведено розрахунок живучості комп’ютерної мережі певної структури. Для кількісної оцінки живучості мережі введено показник живучості, наведено вираз для його обчислення. Визначено показник живучості мережі певної структури при одноразовому впливі. Надано деякі рекомендації щодо підвищення структурної живучості та надійності комп’ютерних мереж після проведення оцінки цих характеристик. Отримані результати визначення деяких показників та характеристик мереж можуть бути використані у подальших дослідженнях з метою прийняття оптимальних рішень щодо підвищення структурної живучості та надійності комп’ютерних мереж.
Features of vegetative status and quality of life in female patients of reproductive age with undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia
Authors:   Republic Clinical and Diagnostic Center of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Udmurt Republic, SMETANIN M. YU. , OPOLONSKIJ D. V. ,   Izhevsk State Medical Academy
Published: December 2023

The purpose — to study the features of vegetative status and quality of life in female patients of reproductive age with UCTD. Material and methods. We examined 88 female patients (average age 25.0 ± 6.5 years) with UCTD. The control group consisted of 100 practically healthy women without signs of UCTD (average age 26.6 ± 5.4 years). All patients with UCTD had a deficiency of 25(OH)D. In the group of women with UCTD, a significant decrease in the magnesium content in blood serum and oral fluid was diagnosed in comparison with the control group (p = 0.001). The patients were treated with Magnerot (Worwag Pharma, GmbH&Co., KG, Germany) and Fortedetrim (MEDANA PHARMA, SA, Poland) for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks of therapy with Fortedetrim, vitamin D content (25 (OH)D) in blood serum reached reference values and amounted to 36.2 ± 5.2 ng/ml (p = 0.001). After 8 weeks of treatment with Magnerot, the magnesium content in blood serum and oral fluid also reached reference values and amounted to 0.95 ± 0.04 mmol/l and 0.62 ± 0.06 mmol/l, respectively (p = 0.001). Results and discussion. The obtained results testify to a statistically significant decrease in the level of personal anxiety, manifestations of depression, autonomic disorders and improvement in QOL and values of the questionnaire of childbearing role orientations against the background of treatment with Magnerot and Fortedetrim for two months (p < 0.05). Conclusion. The results obtained indicate the need to include magnesium and vitamin D preparations in the program of medical rehabilitation of women of reproductive age with UCTD and its mandatory combination with psychological rehabilitation, taking into account the fact that stressful states and depressive disorders are accompanied by magnesium deficiency. The health protection of such patients becomes especially significant under the catastrophic demographic situation in the Russian Federation («demographic pitfall»).
Biomarker Responses to Acute Exercise and Relationship with Brain Blood Flow
Authors: Morris Jill K. , Kueck Paul J. , Kemna Riley E. , Green Zachary D. , John Casey S. , Winter Michelle , Billinger Sandra A. , Vidoni Eric D.
Published: December 2023

Background: There is evidence that aerobic exercise is beneficial for brain health, but these effects are variable between individuals and the underlying mechanisms that modulate these benefits remain unclear. Objective: We sought to characterize the acute physiological response of bioenergetic and neurotrophic blood biomarkers to exercise in cognitively healthy older adults, as well as relationships with brain blood flow. Methods: We measured exercise-induced changes in lactate, which has been linked to brain blood flow, as well brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a neurotrophin related to brain health. We further quantified changes in brain blood flow using arterial spin labeling. Results: As expected, lactate and BDNF both changed with time post exercise. Intriguingly, there was a negative relationship between lactate response (area under the curve) and brain blood flow measured acutely following exercise. Finally, the BDNF response tracked strongly with change in platelet activation, providing evidence that platelet activation is an important mechanism for trophic-related exercise responses. Conclusions: Lactate and BDNF respond acutely to exercise, and the lactate response tracks with changes in brain blood flow. Further investigation into how these factors relate to brain health-related outcomes in exercise trials is warranted.
Interaction Between a High-Fat Diet and Tau Pathology in Mice: Implications for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Jang Yu Jung , Choi Min Gyu , Yoo Byung Jae , Lee Kyeong Jae , Jung Won Beom , Kim Seong-Gi , Park Sun Ah
Published: December 2023

Background: Obesity is a modifiable risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, its relation with tau pathology (i.e., aberrant tau protein behavior in tauopathies such as AD) has been inconclusive. Objective: This study investigated the interaction between a high-fat diet (HFD) and tau pathology in adult male mice. Methods: Transgenic mice overexpressing human P301S Tau (those with the pathology) and wild-type (WT) littermates were subjected to behavioral tests, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and western blotting analysis to investigate the effects of prolonged HFD versus regular diet during adulthood. Results: HFD increased body weight in both WT and P301S mice but had minimal effect on blood glucose levels. The brain response to HFD was tau genotype-specific. WT mice exhibited decreased recognition memory and enhanced network connectivity in fMRI, while P301S mice exhibited white matter tract disorganization in DTI as the sole significant finding. The reduction of insulin receptor β, insulin downstream signaling, neuronal nuclear protein, CD68-positive phagocytic activity, and myelin basic protein level were confined to the cortex of WT mice. In contrast to P301S mice, WT mice showed significant changes in the tau protein and its phosphorylation levels along with increased soluble neurofilament light levels in the hippocampus. Conclusions: HFD-induced brain dysfunction and pathological changes were blunted in mice with the pathology and more profound in healthy mice. Our findings highlight the need to consider this interaction between obesity and tau pathology when tailoring treatment strategies for AD and other tauopathies.
Sustainable Management of Aquaculture and Water Footprint Analysis in Sunderban
Authors: Manna Shaheen , Mukherjee Sayantika , Das Dipanwita , Saha Amrita
Published: December 2023

India is the world’s second-largest producer of fish, where the state of West Bengal is leading in fish production. The Sundarbans, located in the southern part of India’s West Bengal state, is a UNESCO-designated world heritage site. The Indian Sundarbans is a tide-dominated region in the southern part of deltaic West Bengal, and is home to 4.43 million people. Even though it is traversed by numerous creeks and rivulets and receives a significant amount of precipitation during the monsoon season, freshwater is a scarce resource in the Sundarbans. During the dry season, there is a lack of fresh water above and below the ground, increasing siltation results in shallower channels, high salinity of the water and soil, and congestion in drainage making it difficult for people to make a living. During the dry season, most blocks experience water scarcity as a result of the ever-increasing population’s demand for water. According to this study, Sundarbans’ current annual domestic and drinking water demands are 105.1 mcm and 8.08 mcm, respectively. By combining the area under various crops and their lifecycle water requirements, the water demand for agriculture has been calculated to be 2782.83 mcm. The rainfall-runoff modelling aims to get a general idea of how much fresh water is available each year through surface runoff. It has also been estimated how much water is available from different sources in each block. It is estimated that deep and shallow bore wells contribute approximately 400 mcm, whereas surface water sources like tanks and canals contribute approximately 50 mcm. The communities that live in the Sundarbans eco-region benefit greatly from aquaculture’s contribution to their socio-economic development. For the sustainable development of aquaculture in the Sundarbans Delta, strong technical, financial and extension services from government organisations and research institutions are urgently required to meet these obstacles. Additionally, this study emphasises that roof-top rainwater harvesting in this region has the potential to supply 45 mcm more water, which could be used to partially satisfy the region’s domestic water demand. Future major policy options for meeting the Sundarbans ecoregion’s water demand include large-scale rainwater harvesting, rejuvenation and reconnection of disconnected river channels, artificial recharge of shallow aquifers to lower their salinity, and de-salination of shallow groundwater.
Emotion recognition from speech signals using digital features optimization by diversity measure fusion
Authors: Konduru Ashok Kumar , Mazher Iqbal J.L.
Published: December 2023

Emotion recognition from speech signals serves a crucial role in human-computer interaction and behavioral studies. The task, however, presents significant challenges due to the high dimensionality and noisy nature of speech data. This article presents a comprehensive study and analysis of a novel approach, “Digital Features Optimization by Diversity Measure Fusion (DFOFDM)”, aimed at addressing these challenges. The paper begins by elucidating the necessity for improved emotion recognition methods, followed by a detailed introduction to DFOFDM. This approach employs acoustic and spectral features from speech signals, coupled with an optimized feature selection process using a fusion of diversity measures. The study’s central method involves a Cuckoo Search-based classification strategy, which is tailored for this multi-label problem. The performance of the proposed DFOFDM approach is evaluated extensively. Emotion labels such as ‘Angry’, ‘Happy’, and ‘Neutral’ showed a precision rate over 92%, while other emotions fell within the range of 87% to 90%. Similar performance was observed in terms of recall, with most emotions falling within the 90% to 95% range. The F-Score, another crucial metric, also reflected comparable statistics for each label. Notably, the DFOFDM model showed resilience to label imbalances and noise in speech data, crucial for real-world applications. When compared with a contemporary model, “Transfer Subspace Learning by Least Square Loss (TSLSL)”, DFOFDM displayed superior results across various evaluation metrics, indicating a promising improvement in the field of speech emotion recognition. In terms of computational complexity, DFOFDM demonstrated effective scalability, providing a feasible solution for large-scale applications. Despite its effectiveness, the study acknowledges the potential limitations of the DFOFDM, which might influence its performance on certain types of real-world data. The findings underline the potential of DFOFDM in advancing emotion recognition techniques, indicating the necessity for further research.
Global optimization problem and probabilistic distance
Authors: Bhandari Samir Kumar , De la Sen Manuel , Chandok Sumit
Published: December 2023

In this article, the probabilistic metric distance between two disjoint sets is utilised to define the essential criteria for the existence and uniqueness of the best proximity point, which takes into account the global optimization problem. In order to solve this problem, we pretend that we are trying to obtain the optimal approximation to the solution of a fixed point equation. Here, we introduce two types of probabilistic proximal contraction mappings and use a geometric property called Ω-property in the context of probabilistic metric spaces. We also obtain some consequences for self-mappings, which give the fixed point results. Some examples are provided to validate the findings. As an application, we obtain the solution to a second-order boundary value problem using a minimum t-norm in the context of probabilistic metric spaces.
Predicting the california bearing ratio via hybrid method of multi-layer perceptron
Authors: Wang Bing , Yue Wei , Zhang Lu
Published: December 2023

The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) holds significant importance in the design of flexible pavements and airport runways, serving as a critical soil parameter. Moreover, it offers a means to gauge the soil response of subgrades through correlation, an aspect pivotal in soil engineering, particularly in shaping subgrade design for rural road networks. The CBR value of soil is influenced by numerous factors, encompassing variables like maximum dry density (MDD), optimum moisture content (OMC), liquid limit (LL), plastic limit (PL), plasticity index (PI), soil type, and soil permeability. The condition of the soil, whether soaked or unsoaked, also contributes to this value. It is worth noting that determining CBR is time-consuming and extensive. Acknowledging the gravity of this determination, the study introduces a pioneering approach employing machine learning. This innovative technique uses a foundational multi-layer perceptron model, harnessing the algorithm’s robust capabilities in addressing regression challenges. A hybridization approach enhances the multi-layer perceptron’s performance and achieves optimal results. This approach integrates the Bonobo Optimizer (BO), Smell Agent Optimization (SAO), Prairie Dog Optimization (PDO), and Gold Rush Optimizer (GRO). The hybrid models proposed in this study exhibit promising results in predicting CBR values. The MLAO3 hybrid model is particularly noteworthy, emerging as the most accurate predictor among the range of models, with an impressive R2 value of 0.994 and an RMSE value of 2.80.
Hybrid optimization algorithm for estimating soil parameters of spoil hopper deposition model for trailing suction hopper dredgers
Authors: Zhou Bolong , Yu Menghong , Guo Jie
Published: December 2023

Trailing suction hopper dredger is a kind of hydraulic dredger, it has the characteristics of self-propelled, selfloading, self-dredging, self-unloading, it is the main force in dredging and blowing works, it is widely used in the world, it can be said that where there is a big dredging project where there is a trailing suction hopper dredger’s figure. The loading optimization process of trailing suction hopper dredger contains a lot of dredging parameters related to soil type, and the soil type under different working conditions is not very clear. In this study, we present a hybrid optimization technique based on simulated annealing and multi-population genetic algorithm to enhance the loading efficiency of a trailing suction hopper dredger and to examine the variation of dredged soil parameters. The soil parameters of the spoil hopper deposition model were estimated using this hybrid optimization algorithm. The experimental results show that the soil parameters are successfully estimated and verified by our measured construction data of a trailing suction hopper dredger. In addition, our proposed method has the highest accuracy of soil parameter estimation, the fastest algorithm convergence, and excellent robustness compared to the other three intelligent optimization methods. In addition, our method successfully avoids the phenomenon of premature convergence that usually occurs in traditional genetic algorithms, and the parameters show strong adaptability to different vessels under the same dredging area.
AVRUPA BİRLİĞİ ÜRÜN SORUMLULUĞU DİREKTİFİ ve YENİ DİREKTİF ÖNERİSİ IŞIĞINDA TÜRK HUKUKUNDA ÜRÜN SORUMLULUĞUNDA SORUMLU KİŞİLERİN BELİRLENMESİ
Authors: KURT Leyla Müjde
Published: December 2023

Avrupa Birliği mevzuatında, kamu hukuku kaynaklı bir konu olan ürün güvenliği ile özel hukuk kaynaklı bir mesele olan ürün sorumluluğu farklı Direktiflerde düzenlenmiştir. Oysa Türk hukukunda ürün sorumluluğu, ağırlıklı olarak ürün güvenliği meselesini düzenleyen bir kanun olan 7223 s.lı ÜGTDK bünyesinde düzenlenmiştir. Bu durum, kavram bütünlüğünün sağlanamamasına ve tazminat sorumlularının belirlenmesi dâhil olmak üzere ürün sorumluluğu bakımından bazı belirsizliklere yol açmıştır. ÜGTDK AB mevzuatına uyum sağlanması amacıyla hazırlanmış olduğundan, söz konusu sorunlar konuyla ilgili AB mevzuatına uygun değerlendirmeler yapılarak aşılabilir. Bu çalışmada, Türk hukukunda ürün sorumluluğunda tazminat sorumlusu kişilerin kimler olduğu sorusuna 85/374 s.lı Ürün Sorumluluğu Direktifi ve 2022 yılında Avrupa Birliği Komisyonunun bu Direktifin yerine geçmek üzere yayınladığı yeni Ürün Sorumluluğu Direktifi Önerisi ışığında cevap aranmıştır.
Typification of gold occurences in the Phuoc Thanh - Phuoc Son area, Central Vietnamccurences in the Рhuoc Тhanh — Рhuoc Son area, Сentral Vietnam
Authors: Tran Van Т. , Ignatov Р. А. , Mai Тrong Т. , Nguyen Duy Н.
Published: December 2023

Background. Substantiation for the expediency of typification of gold occurrences in the Phuoc Thanh–Phuoc Son area, Central Vietnam.

Aim. To classify and evaluate the prospects of gold mineralization in the Phuoc Thanh–Phuoc Son area, Central Vietnam.

Materials and methods. The data of geological mapping and exploration of 20 deposits and ore occurrences in the Phuoс Son and Phuoc Thanh ore fields, collected in the 2001–2019 period, were analyzed.

Results. The deposits and ore occurrences of gold-sulfide-quartz and low-sulfide gold-quartz formations of the Late Mesozoic age were established to be common within the Phuoc Thanh– Phuoc Son area. These deposits differ in terms of reserves, ore body morphology, gold-silver ratio, and gold fineness. Conclusion. The results obtained can be used when forecasting the largest gold deposits in Central Vietnam.
Features of the development of hard to recovery reserves of the Achimovskaya site of the “N” deposit
Authors: Mazhrenova Т. Т.
Published: December 2023

Background. The development of objects that are complex from a geological point of view is characterized by the low efficiency of traditional methods of enhanced oil recovery, the absence or high cost of technological support for production by alternative methods. In this paper, the development features will be considered using the example of an existing object related to the Achimov strata of Western Siberia.

Aim. A retrospective analysis of the dynamics of the development of a production facility, additional study of the possible causes of high water cut.

Materials and methods. To write the work, design documents were used containing data on the geological and physical characteristics and dynamics of production at the production site, as well as graphic applications (geological sections, well logs, extracts from maps). The study of materials, graphic applications and graphing in Excel was carried out.

Results. The possible reasons for the high water cut in the production were studied.

Conclusion. The vector of further development of research activities within the framework of a given topic is determined.
Interacción del vigor de la semilla y dosis de nitrógeno en cobertura en el rendimiento del trigo
Authors: Villalba Arriola Alcides Rubén , Ayala Mendoza Milda , Amarilla Mercado Diosnel , Maidana Chávez Ever
Published: December 2023

Las semillas de alta calidad y la buena fertilización deben ser consideradas como base fundamental para la producción. La calidad de las semillas puede tener interacción con otros factores como la fertilización con nitrógeno (N), provocando impacto en el rendimiento de trigo. El objetivo fue evaluar los impactos del vigor de dos lotes de semillas de trigo (Alto y Bajo Vigor) de un mismo genotipo y su interacción con diferentes dosis de N (0, 50, 75, 100 y 125 kg ha-1) aplicados en cobertura, sobre el rendimiento del trigo. El ensayo fue instalado en IPTA Yhovy, ubicado en el Dpto. Canindeyú, en el cual se evaluaron, cobertura aérea inicial (CAI), cantidad de macollos/planta (CMP), cantidad de espigas por área (CEA), cantidad de granos por espiga (CGE), peso de mil semillas (PMS) y el rendimiento de granos (RG). El análisis estadístico se hizo con ANAVA y el Test de Tukey al 5%.  Las semillas de Alto Vigor proporcionaron mejor desempeño en el crecimiento inicial al cultivo, en cantidad de macollos/planta y en número de granos por espigas no se notó impacto. Las semillas de alto vigor y la aplicación de N en cobertura en un rango de 75 a 100 kg ha-1 proporcionan mayor capacidad de retención de espigas/planta. El rendimiento de granos fue afectado en función al vigor de la semilla en interacción a las dosis de N aplicado, las plantas provenientes de semillas de alto vigor y sin aplicación de N, mostraron un desempeño similar a las plantas provenientes de semillas de bajo vigor, pero con aplicaciones de altas dosis de N.
Disponibilidad de fósforo en suelos del Chaco Central extraído por distintas metodologías
Authors: Candia Díaz Ana Beatriz , Rasche Alvarez Jimmy Walter , Escobar Decoud Natalia Carolina , FATECHA FOIS DIEGO AUGUSTO
Published: December 2023

La disponibilidad del fósforo en suelos de la región Occidental del Paraguay tradicionalmente es determinado por el extractor Mehlich-1, sin embargo, este no es un método recomendado para suelos predominantemente neutros y ligeramente ácidos. Con el objetivo de evaluar la extracción de fósforo  en suelos  del Chaco Central con distintos métodos de análisis, se realizó un experimento utilizando un diseño de bloques completos al azar, dispuestos en un arreglo bifactorial, donde el factor A correspondió a los usos del suelo (prístino y antrópico) y el factor B correspondió  a los métodos de extracción de P para su cuantificación (Mehlich-1, Bray-1, Mehlich-3, Olsen y Resina de Intercambio iónico), con 19 repeticiones. Las muestras de suelo fueron colectadas de la zona del Chaco Central de la región Occidental y extraídas de la camada 0 – 20 cm de profundidad, para luego ser transportadas a la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción. Los resultados fueron sometidos a análisis de varianza y comparación de media entre tratamientos por el test de Tukey al 5%. No se observó variación en la concentración de P cuando comparado los suelos antrópicos (99 mg kg-1) con los prístinos (92 mg kg-1), sin embargo, los extractores se diferenciaron estadísticamente en relación a la disponibilidad de P, siendo el que más extrajo el método Bray 1 con 183 mg kg-1seguido de  Mehlich-1 con 156 mg kg-1. El método Mehlich-3  extrajo 58 mg kg-1, el método Olson 42 mg kg-1 y el método que  menos extrajo fue la resina de intercambio aniónico con apenas 30 mg kg-1.  Los diferentes extractores de fósforo presentan diferencias significativas en la disponibilidad de P.
Aproximaciones al cambio climático: tendencias históricas en Paraguay
Authors: Caballero Chávez Claudia , Fernández Long María Elena
Published: December 2023

El Cambio Climático se plantea como uno de los desafíos más urgentes que enfrenta la humanidad a nivel global, siendo una problemática compleja que implica desiguales consecuencias. Se observan aumentos y disminuciones de la temperatura en muchas regiones del mundo. Estos cambios climáticos podrían afectar significativamente en los sistemas naturales y la vida humana en los países menos desarrollados. El principal objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar las tendencias históricas de la temperatura del aire (1960-2018) en Paraguay. Para analizar las posibles variaciones de la tendencia se aplicaron dos pruebas estadísticas no paramétricas (pendiente de Sen y Mann-Kendall). Los resultados muestran aumentos significativos de las temperaturas anuales en gran parte de las estaciones meteorológicas analizadas con un nivel de confianza de 99%.
Geometric Morphometrics Applied to Cartography
Authors: Roulier Frédéric
Published: December 2023

The morphological differences between two geographical maps can be highlighted by a polycentric distance cartogram resulting from a bidimensional regression. Beyond the communicational interest of the transformations thus produced, the method makes it possible to reveal the differences in structure and therefore constitutes a real research tool. However, bidimensional regression can only compare the shape of two maps. Since the 1990s, geometric morphometrics has revolutionized the morphological analysis of natural structures (and others). It has since been applied in many fields of research but not in cartography. This article describes the theoretical and methodological bases of a method combining bidimensional regression with a geometric morphometrics approach to compare the shape of several geographical maps. Geometric morphometrics and bidimensional regression indeed share common approaches of the statistical shape analysis like homologous landmarks and interpolation grids. However, there is no software in geometric morphometrics capable of directly reading geographical data, which would facilitate the work of cartographers accustomed to GIS software. That is why we present MapMorphy, a tool specifically developed for this task. An example on ancient maps illustrates the method.
Sentiment analysis and classification of COVID-19 tweets using machine learning classifier
Authors: Lakshmi Chataparti Suvarna , Saxena Sameer , Kumar Billakurthi Suresh
Published: December 2023

In March of 2020, the World Health Organization identified COVID-19 as a new pandemic and issued a statement to that effect. This fatal virus was able to disperse and propagate throughout several countries all over the world. During the progression of the pandemic, social networking sites like Twitter generated significant and substantial volumes of data that helped improve the quality of decisions pertaining to health care applications. In this paper, we proposed a sentiment classification using various feature extraction and machine leavening techniques for social media dataset. The system has divided into four phase data collection, preprocessing and normalization, feature extraction and feature selection and finally classification. In first phase we collect data from social media sources such as twitter using Twitter API. In second phase the tweets, data was ready for preprocessing and it was sorted into three categories: positive, neutral, and negative. During the third phase, various features were extracted from the tweets by employing a number of widely utilized approaches, including as bag of words (BoW), Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF), Word2Vec, and FastText, to gather feature datasets. These methods were employed to extract distinct datasets for the features. The final phase different machine learning classification algorithms are applied for detection of sentiment using machine learning. In the extensive experimental analysis, the BoW performed better results with modified support vector machine (mSVM) than existing machine learning algorithms. The proposed mSVM performed superiorly to the other classifiers by 98.15% accuracy rate. Once the tweets are correctly classified as COVID-19 tweets, it is further categorized into three sentiments that is positive, negative and neural. Proposed mSVM achieves 93% of accuracy rate for positive sentiment which better as compared to other Machine Learning (ML) classifiers.
The Relationship between Pandemic Fatigue and COVID-19 Protective Behavior
Authors: Megawati Eka Roina , Wibawa Naura Fairuz Selma
Published: December 2023

Background: Pandemic fatigue is a fatigue that can occur during a pandemic that can lead to reduced motivation to follow recommended infection prevention and decreased efforts to seek information related to COVID-19. COVID-19 protective behavior plays an important role in breaking the chain of spreading the COVID-19 virus. This study aimed to find the relationship between pandemic fatigue and COVID-19 protective behavior.
Methods: This study used an analytical method with a cross-sectional design, using primary data obtained from questionnaires. The respondents of this study were medical students at Universitas Sumatera Utara and were selected using a stratified random sampling method. The obtained data was analyzed using the chi-square test.
Result: Most of the subjects are 20 years old and female. The majority of the pandemic fatigue level was moderate (33%) and the COVID-19 protective behavior level was good (34%). This study found there was a relationship between pandemic fatigue and the protective behavior of COVID-19 infection (p-value = 0.022).
A Correlational Study Elevated Risk of Cardiometabolic Illness and the Prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Among the Population of Tebing Tinggi, North Sumatra, Indonesia
Authors: Raynaldo Abdul Halim , Pase Muhammad Aron , Ketaren Andre Pasha
Published: December 2023

Background: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a prevalent sleep-related breathing issue, marked by repeated full or partial blockages of the upper airways. It's a primary respiratory condition that heightens the chances of cardiometabolic diseases. In our research, we explored the link between the increased risk of cardiometabolic ailments and the potential for OSA.

Method: We studied 75 participants during community service activities and investigated the association between the high risk of cardiometabolic disease and the risk of OSA in the Society of Tebing Tinggi. We measured variables such as gender, age, weight, height, Body Mass Index (BMI), blood pressure, heart rate, random blood glucose, waist and neck circumference, and total cholesterol. Subsequently, we categorized the data and performed chi-square tests to analyze the associations between various factors and the risk of OSA. Variables with p<0.05 are considered eligible for multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression.

Results: We identified 42 patients had a high risk of OSA (59.2%), while 33 patients had a low risk (40.8%). The study identified significant links between OSA risk and gender, age, blood pressure, and neck circumference (p-values <0.001, <0.001, and 0.01 respectively). In contrast, BMI, heart rate, glucose levels, waist size, and cholesterol did not show a significant connection to OSA risk. This indicates that while certain factors like gender, certain age groups, hypertension, and neck size are important in assessing OSA risk. However, BMI, heart rate, random blood glucose,  waist circumference, and total cholesterol are not significant factors in determining the risk of OSA (p=0.2, p=0.4, p=0.2, p=0.1, p=0.9).

Conclusions: Higher risk of cardiometabolic diseases (older age, gender, hypertension, neck size) was positively associated with the risk of OSA.
Relationship between LDH Levels with COVID-19 Degree of Severity
Authors: Tambunan Adrian Nurrachman , Ganie Ratna Akbari , Tarigan Amira Permatasari
Published: December 2023

Background: LDH has proved to be a significant predictor for prognosis and follow-up in COVID-19 patients. Several studies report elevated LDH in hospitalized COVID-19 patients to be associated with a higher risk of death. Increased LDH levels can result from any tissue damage due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study aims to describe the relationship between LDH levels with COVID-19 19 degree of severity.
Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study of 55 patients who confirmed positive by RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 at H. Adam Malik General Hospital Medan (November 2021 – Maret 2022). Examination of the LDH level was carried out by the Chemiluminescent Immunoassays method (Abbott Architect). COVID-19 degree of severity was assessed based on the diagnostic criteria for COVID-19 cases in Indonesia.
Results: Among the 55 COVID-19 patients in this study, the average age found was 45.73, with men 54.5%. Moderate, severe, and critical patients were found in 63.6%; 29.1%; and 7.3% respectively. The mean LDH level at admission was 278 U/L, higher in the severe (333.19 U/L) and critical (465.75 U/L) groups compared to the moderate (231.31 U/L) groups. Increased LDH ≥ 256 U/L proved to be related to COVID-19 degree of severity upon hospital admission (CI 95%; p = 0.001).
Conclusions: LDH levels that increased ≥ 256 U/L were significantly related to COVID-19 degree of severity during hospital admission.