bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Respiratory Worsening at the End of a Hospital Stay for Severe Covid19 Pneumonia Revealing Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors:   Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Military Hospital Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco, Rida Touab , Bouayda Ayoub , Mohamed Rabii Andaloussi , Chwikh Chakib , Mounir Khalil, , Eljaafari Abdelhamid , Balkhi Hicham
Published: August 2024

The coexistence of a viral and tuberculous respiratory infection increases mortality and the transition to a severe form in both directions. We report an observation for a 55-year-old woman with untreated diffuse interstitial pnuemopathy, investigated by immunological and infectious tests, and found negative for pulmonary tuberculosis. Bronchial biopsies revealed non-specific inflammation, responsible for chronic dyspnea. Having presented ten days previously with myalgias, fatigue, dry cough and fever, with worsening of basic dyspnoea, without digestive or neurological manifestations, she was referred to the emergency department, where physical examination showed SpO2 at 80% on room air, reduced to 92% under 15 L/mn delivered via a high-concentration mask, polypnoea at 40 cycles per minute with bilateral diffuse crackling rales on auscultation, scattering just the anterior quadrants. The initial evolution was favorable, with clinical improvement in oxygen saturation to 94% on two liters per minute of oxygen delivered by nasal cannula, with respiratory rate at 23 cycles per minute with modest effort tolerance. On day 18 of hospitalization, she presented with a febrile peak of 38.3°C, polypnoea at 33 cycles per minute, increased oxygen requirements with a flow rate of 6l/m by face mask to reach an oxygen saturation of 92%, tachycardia at 130 beats per minute, and was therefore readmitted to intensive care with high-flow nasal oxygen therapy and antibiotic therapy with imipenem and amikacin. Multiplex PCR showing no germ, and a PCR test for pulmonary tuberculosis on a sputum sample which was positive, prompting the introduction of antibacillary treatment based on a fixed quadric-association of rifampicin, isoniaside, pyrazinaamide and ethombutol. Non-specific antibiotic therapy was discontinued after improvement of the inflammatory syndrome, and antibacillary treatment is still ongoing. Conclusion: Through this observation we discuss the difficulties in terms of diagnosis, management and outcome of a coinfection by SARS-COV 19 and mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Relationship Between Artificial Sweeteners Intake With Diabetes in Experimental Rats
Authors:   Food and Nutrition Science Department, Agricultural Science and Food, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia, Fahad Al-Hazzaa Norah Abdullah Mohammed , Abdelrahman R Ahmed ,   Food and Nutrition Science Department, Agricultural Science and Food, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
Published: August 2024

The artificial sweeteners have been used in many food industries and young and adults' ones accept the taste of very sweet taste and low calories compared to natural sweeteners and became marketed on the basis that it is possible to control and reduce diabetes and the effects of these artificial sweeteners, But the manufacturers are unaware of the side effects that may be caused in the long term. Methods: The current research was carried out to know the effect of artificial sweeteners on low blood sugar in experimental rats. For this purpose, rats were divided to three groups with adding different artificial sweeteners (Aspartame, sucralose, saccharine) at the same dose level (10 gm/kg fed basal); the control group of rats was fed a basal diet without any sweeteners for 8 weeks. Results: The feeding of rats on sucralose and aspartame led to a high significant with statistically significant increase in the level of Blood glucose (125±7 mg/dL, 123±10 mg/dL) compared to the control group, while the saccharin group was not affected by the blood glucose level after the 8 weeks study period. Conclusion: It was concluded that artificial sweeteners had an effect on increasing blood glucose levels in male rats, and therefore they could not be included in the diets, especially for diabetic patients.
Antimicrobial effectiveness and Ag+ release in antimicrobial-modified PMMA: A systematic review
Authors: Heck Maria Clara Furlaneto , Ferreira Izabela , Reis Andréa Cândido dos
Published: August 2024

Silver, a long-term ionic release antimicrobial, is incorporated into polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) in order to reduce bacterial adhesion to polymeric materials and increase the longevity of rehabilitation, given the prevalence of pathologies. The aim was to answer: "What is the correlation between ionic release and antimicrobial activity of acrylic resins incorporated with silver?". The search strategy was applied to the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase and Scopus databases. The articles were selected in two phases according to eligibility criteria. The risk of bias was assessed using the quasi experimental studies (non-randomized experimental studies) tool from the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). A total of 538 articles were found in the databases, of which 28 were duplicated and were excluded. After first reading, 6 studies were selected for full reading, 5 of which made up this review. Silver was evaluated in different incorporations, which had proven antimicrobial efficacy, given its ionic release. No meta-analysis was carried out due to the heterogeneity of the data. The included studies showed a directly proportional correlation between ionic release and antimicrobial activity in PMMA incorporated with silver-containing agents.
Lesão do ligamento cruzado anterior sua profilaxia e reconstrução cirúrgica: Uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Mendes Luis Miguel Carvalho , Lino Lucas Arruda , Ribeiro Ana Beatriz Castelo Branco , Amorim Neto Claodionor Antonio de Oliveira , Mendes Lucas Carvalho , Seixas Carlos Henrique Aires Magalhães , Silva Rayane Cavenage , Oliveira Victória Araujo , Rezende Ana Laura Azevedo , Barp Pablo de Souza , Guimarães Arthur Teixeira , Oliveira Kallyne Rodrigues de
Published: August 2024

Introdução: A lesão do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) é uma das lesões mais comuns e debilitantes no esporte, afetando significativamente a função do joelho e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. A profilaxia e a reconstrução cirúrgica são essenciais para a prevenção e tratamento eficaz dessa condição. Este artigo revisa a literatura sobre a profilaxia de lesões do LCA e as abordagens cirúrgicas atuais para sua reconstrução. Objetivos: O objetivo deste artigo é revisar as estratégias de profilaxia para a prevenção de lesões do LCA e as técnicas de reconstrução cirúrgica disponíveis. A revisão busca identificar os métodos mais eficazes para reduzir a incidência de lesões e avaliar as melhores práticas para a reconstrução do LCA, considerando aspectos como escolha do enxerto, protocolos de reabilitação e resultados pós-operatórios. Resultados: A análise revelou que programas de profilaxia, incluindo treino neuromuscular e proprioceptivo, são eficazes na redução da incidência de lesões do LCA, com recomendações para sua implementação em atletas. Em relação à reconstrução cirúrgica, a comparação entre os métodos de enxerto, como o tendão patelar e os tendões flexores, mostrou que o uso de tendões flexores em quatro bandas oferece resultados semelhantes ou superiores ao tendão patelar, com menor morbidade. Protocolos de reabilitação intensiva, iniciados precocemente, foram associados a melhores resultados funcionais e menor incidência de complicações. Conclusão: A profilaxia eficaz e a escolha adequada da técnica cirúrgica são fundamentais para a gestão das lesões do LCA. A combinação de programas de prevenção bem estruturados e a escolha cuidadosa do método de reconstrução, acompanhada por um protocolo de reabilitação adequado, pode melhorar significativamente os resultados clínicos e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. A continuidade da pesquisa e a adoção de práticas baseadas em evidências são essenciais para otimizar o tratamento e a prevenção dessas lesões.
Uso dos biomarcadores na detecção precoce de câncer: Uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Lino Lucas Arruda , Mendes Luis Miguel Carvalho , Araújo Neto Edivaldo Silva , Martins Nycollas Juão Nascimento , Almeida Zaine Santos de , Nunes Isabela Passos , Ferreira Alexandre Magno dos Santos , Lima Ana Carla Pires de , Valente Túlio Jordano Gonçalves , Radtke Ana Carolyne Portela , Souza Andreza Soares de , Souza Natanael Soares de
Published: August 2024

Introdução: Biomarcadores surgem como ferramentas fundamentais no diagnóstico oncológico. Características biológicas mensuráveis, eles indicam processos biológicos normais, patológicos ou respostas a terapias. Na oncologia são utilizados para detecção precoce de câncer, prognóstico, predição de resposta ao tratamento e monitoramento da progressão da doença. A introdução destaca a importância da detecção precoce do câncer e a relevância dos biomarcadores para intervenções eficazes. Biomarcadores genômicos, proteômicos, metabolômicos e epigenéticos são essenciais para detectar alterações moleculares e celulares precoces. Objetivo: Este artigo visa oferecer uma visão abrangente sobre o papel crucial dos biomarcadores na detecção precoce do câncer, destacando avanços tecnológicos, desafios enfrentados e implicações clínicas para melhorar os desfechos dos pacientes. A metodologia inclui uma revisão integrativa da literatura, utilizando bases de dados como PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science para identificar estudos relevantes. Os termos de busca incluíram "biomarcadores", "detecção precoce de câncer" e "tecnologias de diagnóstico". Os artigos foram selecionados com critérios rigorosos de inclusão e exclusão, e os dados extraídos e analisados para identificar tendências e avanços no campo. Este artigo revisa o papel dos biomarcadores na detecção precoce do câncer, abordando sua importância, metodologias de detecção, desafios técnicos e impactos na sobrevida e prognóstico dos pacientes. Resultados: A utilização de biomarcadores genômicos, proteômicos, metabolômicos e epigenéticos demonstra grande potencial para identificar alterações moleculares e celulares precoces, possibilitando intervenções mais rápidas e eficazes. Contudo, a heterogeneidade tumoral, a variabilidade dos resultados, a validação clínica e a complexidade da interpretação dos dados permanecem desafios significativos que precisam ser superados.
Uma revisão sistemática sobre o impacto da depressão pós-parto no desenvolvimento infantil
Authors: Oliveira Nelsivane Pereira Lima , Cardoso Neto Antonio da Costa , Oliveira Marcia Silva de , Magalhães Bruna Cruz
Published: August 2024

A depressão pós-parto é definida pela Organização Mundial da Saúde como um tipo de depressão que pode surgir em mulheres, como o próprio nome indica, após o parto. Ela se caracteriza por sentimentos intensos de tristeza, ansiedade e exaustão, que podem prejudicar a capacidade da mãe de cuidar tanto de si mesma quanto do bebê. Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão sistemática sobre o grau de nocividade dessa patologia em toda o desdobramento da vida da criança. Utilizou-se tal método seguindo as recomendações da declaração PRISMA, que consiste em uma lista de verificação de 27 elementos e um diagrama de fluxo, para ajudar os autores a melhorarem a comunicação da revisão. A busca nas bases de dados foi realizada entre março e julho de 2024. Foram incluídos 11 artigos no estudo. Os resultados apontam que os impactos da depressão pós-parto no desenvolvimento infantil são bem complexos e podem gerar prejuízos imediatamente no primeiro ano de vida como déficit nutricional, retardo psicomotor ou no desenvolvimento da língua, além do afastamento da mãe. Mais tardiamente, pode haver alterações de comportamento, risco para desencadeamento de depressão infantil, prejuízos na concentração e no aprendizado, tanto no ambiente familiar quanto no escolar. Conclui-se o presente estudo chamando a atenção das autoridades competentes para a importância da investigação sobre a depressão pós-parto e o seu impacto no desenvolvimento infantil. Além disso, recomenda-se a realização de investigações futuras centradas na identificação de fatores de risco e de proteção às vítimas dessa doença, tanto a mãe quanto o bebê.
Estratégias para combater a resistência antimicrobiana em infecções hospitalares: Uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Mendes Luis Miguel Carvalho , Lino Lucas Arruda , Deus Filho Antônio Luiz de , Silva Pedro Henrique Batista da , Rocha Suellem Moura Silva , Montino Mariana Cavalcante , Tomaz Maria Eduarda Garcia , Lima Ana Carla Pires de , Gomes Carlos Victor Carvalho , Castro Peter Abrante de , Santos Nicolly Oliveira , Fernandes Jacob Ricardo Pereira de Carvalho
Published: August 2024

A resistência antimicrobiana (RAM) em infecções hospitalares representa um desafio crítico para a saúde pública global, comprometendo a eficácia dos tratamentos e aumentando a morbidade e mortalidade. Este artigo revisa a literatura existente sobre estratégias para combater a RAM em ambientes hospitalares. As principais abordagens incluem a implementação de programas de gerenciamento de antimicrobianos, que promovem o uso racional de antibióticos, e a educação contínua dos profissionais de saúde sobre práticas de prescrição adequadas. A vigilância rigorosa e o controle de infecções são essenciais para identificar e conter surtos de patógenos resistentes. O desenvolvimento de novas terapias, incluindo antibióticos e alternativas não antibióticas, é crucial para enfrentar a RAM. A pesquisa em diagnósticos rápidos também é vital para garantir o tratamento adequado e oportuno. A colaboração entre instituições de saúde, governos e organizações internacionais é fundamental para monitorar e responder eficazmente à RAM. Este estudo destaca a necessidade de uma abordagem multifacetada e coordenada para combater a resistência antimicrobiana em infecções hospitalares, integrando educação, vigilância, inovação terapêutica e cooperação global.
TRANSFORMATION OF THE WESTERN EDUCATION SYSTEM THROUGH ISLAMIC CONTRIBUTIONS: A HISTORICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: Abidin Mustika , Hasyim Haddade  , Muzakkir
Published: August 2024

Islam adalah agama yang mempunyai nilai-nilai moral, khususnya rahmatan lil'alamin. Sebagai agama universal, ajaran Islam diperuntukkan bagi semua orang, tanpa memandang tempat dan waktu. Hal ini meyakinkan masyarakat bahwa Islam dan ajarannya merupakan kunci fundamental dalam membangun kehidupan bermasyarakat. Secara historis, Islam telah memainkan peran/kontribusi penting terhadap kemajuan global, termasuk di Barat. Dunia Islam mengalami hegemoni peradaban tingkat tinggi. Jadi memang ada kontribusi Islam terhadap Barat. Ketika Barat masih didominasi oleh doktrin Gereja yang cenderung menolak penelitian ilmiah dan ilmuwan dianggap kafir, Kristen dan membiarkan umat Kristiani disiksa dan dihukum, Barat mengalami Abad Kegelapan. Saat itu, dunia Islam sedang disibukkan dengan penelitian dan pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, sehingga terbentuklah sebuah peradaban yang berharga. Hal inilah yang menjadi pendorong para ilmuwan Barat untuk mengkaji Islam secara mendalam, khususnya ilmu pengetahuan, dan menerapkannya di Barat.
DETERMINATION OF ANTIVIRAL-DRUG FAVIPIRAVIR FROM BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES BY USING MOLECULAR IMPRINTED POLYMER-BASED ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSOR
Authors: Kanbeş Dindar Çiğdem , Uslu Bengi
Published: August 2024

Objective: The molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) technique was applied in this study for selective, fast, and sensitive electrochemical determination of antiviral drug favipiravir (FAVI).
Material and Method: By electropolymerizing the functional monomer o-phenylenediamine (o-PD) on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) in the presence of a template molecule FAVI, the new MIP-based sensor (MIP@o-PD/GCE) was constructed using cyclic voltammetry (CV). For the removal and rebinding procedures, as well as the optimization of conditions and performance measurement of MIP@o-PD/GCE, differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was used. The ferrocyanide/ferricyanide redox marker was used to monitor each step of the experimental procedure using DPV.
Result and Discussion: MIP@o-PD/GCE has a linear response to FAVI in the range from 10 pM to 90 pM under optimal experimental conditions for human serum samples. The detection limit of MIP@o-PD/GCE was obtained to be 1.80 pM, whereas the quantification limit was found to be 6.23 pM. The designed sensor was successfully applied to a synthetic human serum sample to verify its applicability and validity. Electrochemical sensor selectivity was evaluated by comparing the binding of paracetamol and tenofovir, which are similar to favipiravir, and also oseltamivir and famciclovir, which are other drugs used in the treatment of COVID-19.
Asymptotic Hodge Theory in String Compactifications and Integrable Systems
Authors:   , Monnee Jeroen
Published: August 2024

String theory is a proposal for a description of nature on the smallest length scales, where both quantum mechanics and gravity are expected to play an essential role. A curious feature of the theory is that its basic building blocks – one-dimensional strings – behave as if they were moving in nine-dimensional space, as opposed to the three-dimensional space we are familiar with. String theory proposes that the six additional dimensions are curled up into extremely small sizes, in a process called “compactification”. Importantly, what happens in these hidden six dimensions has an enormous influence on the physics we observe at larger length scales, including the strength of the interactions between elementary particles and the value of the cosmological constant.

An intriguing aspect of string theory is that there are countless possible ways to compactify these extra dimensions, resulting in a vast "landscape" of potential universes, each with distinct physical properties. In a beautiful interplay of physics and mathematics, the physical characteristics of these universes are intricately linked to the geometric properties of the internal six-dimensional space.

The main aim of this thesis is to study the latter using the sophisticated mathematical framework of asymptotic Hodge theory. One of the central results is that one can obtain a good approximation of numerous physical observables by studying the allowed singularities of the six-dimensional internal space. In accordance with some fundamental theorems in the field of algebraic geometry, these can be classified in great generality and reveal intriguing underlying structures. In particular, this abstract approach leads to a comprehensive, algorithmic method for calculating physical observables in string compactifications. In this way, we obtain a very general characterization of universes that can be constructed in string theory and find that they are in fact finite in number. Additionally, based on recent advances in the field of tame geometry it is suggested that this number might be much smaller than previously expected.

Finally, we observe that the same mathematical structures applied above in the context of string compactifications arise in a completely different corner of physics: the study of integrable non-linear sigma models. In particular, the same computational methods used to compute physical observables in string theory can be used to find previously unknown solutions for certain classes of such models. Our results open up a new avenue of research, bridging two distinct areas of theoretical physics.
MUSICAL INTONATION IN THE LINGUISTIC AND SYMBOLIC CONTEXT: FROM SCIENTIFIC REFLECTIONS TO DEFINITIONS
Authors: HRIBINIENKO YULIIA , MOGYLEVSKA IRYNA , IZUHRAFOVA NATALIA , HUIXUAN LUO , XIAOMEI LIU
Published: August 2024

The article examines various aspects of the relationship between verbal and musical languages, in particular, in the symbolic plane. The study traces the historical evolution of scientific knowledge about these cultural phenomena, and also marks the milestones in the development of musicological thought from the point of view of the synthesis of “word” and “music”.
Taxonomic Spectrum of the Species Belonging to the PotentillaL. Genus of the Rosaceae Family in the Nakhchivan Flora
Authors: Babayeva S.
Published: August 2024

The presented article provides information on the systematic composition of the species belonging to the Potentilla L. genus, which is spread in flora. During the comparative analysis of the collected herbarium materials and literature sources, it was found that the Potentilla genus of the Rosaceae family is represented by 17 species in the territory of Nakhchivan, and information about the current status of those species is reflected in the article. The article also studied the ecological groups, geographical elements, and altitude zones of species belonging to the genus PotentillaL. of the Rosaceae family.
The Value of Hay Provided in Different Phases of Alfalfa Development
Authors: Ibragimov A. , Maharramov M.
Published: August 2024

This article presents the results of research on the study of the chemical composition, digestibility, energy value of hay from alfalfa-rump grass mixture, harvested by the method of active aeration in different phases of alfalfa development, the productive properties of hay of different quality when fattening bulls in the dry steppe zone of the Nakhchivan. The amount of digestible energy decreased as the plants aged. Its highest concentration (12.8 MJ per 1 kg of dry matter) was observed during the budding phase. Then a decrease in this indicator was recorded by 0.8 MJ in the flowering phase and by 1.5 MJ during seed formation. The same pattern was noted for the content of metabolic energy in hay. Thus, the greatest amount was in hay harvested during the budding phase — 8.3 MJ per 1 kg. During the flowering phase, the amount of metabolic energy in 1 kg of hay decreased by 0.4 MJ, and seed formation by 1.2. Thus, the coefficient of digestibility of dry matter was higher than similar indicators during later harvesting by 4.01 and 7.05%, respectively. Crude protein in early harvested hay was digested better than in hay prepared in the phase of flowering and the beginning of alfalfa seed formation, by 11.83 and 18.03%, crude fiber — by 3.0-3.26%. A significant difference was also noted in digestion of raw fat. The digestibility of this substance decreased noticeably as plants aged. A decrease in the digestibility of nitrogen-free extractives was observed in hay during the seed formation phase. Calculations carried out on the basis of actual material obtained in the experiment show that when feeding hay harvested at the beginning of alfalfa budding, the yield of bull calves (increase in live weight) per 1 hectare of harvested area increases by 27.6% compared with harvesting in the flowering phase and 3.1 times in the seed formation phase.
Fluid and Trace Element Content in Perifocal Edema in Glial Brain Tumors
Authors: Karimov Zh. , Tukhvatshin R. , Malikov N.
Published: August 2024

Glial brain tumors are the most common brain tumors, and they are also in most cases malignant. Glial tumors in pathogenesis create an extensive pronounced zone of perifocal edema. The more malignant the glial tumor, the more pronounced the perifocal edema. According to the Monroe-Kelly doctrine, the equilibria of the three components must be observed in the skull, this position is disturbed in tumor diseases and neurological symptoms occur. The more malignant the tumor, the more pronounced the zone of perifocal edema. The severity of the clinical picture depends on the severity of perifocal edema. A small tumor node creates an extensive zone of perifocal edema, which in turn creates intracranial hypertension and dislocation syndrome that threaten the patient's life. An increase in intracranial hypertension leads to a violation of cerebral blood flow, this aggravates the increase in edema, edema, in turn, enhances the dislocation of brain structures, the dislocation of brain structures aggravates the severity of the patient's condition. Thus, a pathological closed circle is created, in which perifocal edema plays a major role. Perifocal edema in the acute period of the development of the disease is a buffer zone for healthy brain tissue, but subsequently serves as a beggar for migrating tumor cells, creating conditions for tumor recurrence in the near future.
Effective Methods of Teaching Russian as a Foreign Language to Undergraduate Students
Authors: Abdivalieva G. , Tentimishova A.
Published: August 2024

This article considers the process of formation of communication skills in Russian language among undergraduate students. The subject of the study is the conversation, and the effectiveness of exercises aimed at the development of communicative skills. Using the method of observation of students’ activity during the educational process, the results of the study showed that the use of various language components that were integrated into the task, contributed to a significant improvement in students’ communication skills. Russian vocabulary components proved effective in teaching Russian as a foreign language, this approach is recommended for wide application in educational practice.
Semantic Analysis of the Group of Adjectives Denoting Spatial Orientation with Core Adjectives “big” and “чон” in the English and Kyrgyz Languages
Authors: Chortekova M.
Published: August 2024

This article studies the essence of the spatial adjectives in the English and Kyrgyz languages, investigate their semantic classifications on the examples taken from two languages. The paper does the literature review. Semantic peculiarities of spatial adjectives are analyzed. The relevance of the research is the studies of spatial adjectives describing in the English and Kyrgyz languages. The article uses lexica-semantic analysis of spatial adjectives.
Modal Words in the System of Parts of Speech in Russian and Kyrgyz Languages
Authors: Abylova A. , Chepekova G.
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to one of the topical issues of linguistics - the nature and essence of modal words in the Russian and Kyrgyz languages. The relevance of the problem under study is determined primarily by the fact that in a comparative study of the partial belonging of modal words of the Kyrgyz and Russian languages, linguistic facts can be identified that contribute to the scientific provision of effective teaching of the Russian language in the Kyrgyz-speaking audience and, conversely, the Kyrgyz language in the Russian-speaking audience. In this article, an attempt is made to analyze the place of modal words in the system of parts of speech in the compared languages, their differential signs are considered based on the material of T. Sydykbekov’s novel “People of our Days”. During the analysis of modal words in the compared languages, it was concluded that the phenomenon of homonymy in the system of parts of speech is observed in the compared languages.
True Crime’s Gothic Realism: Uncanny Masculinities, Haunted Meatscapes, and the Aesthetics of Adjacency in Selva Almada’s Chicas muertas
Authors: Conlon David
Published: August 2024

This article analyses Selva Almada’s Chicas muertas (2014), a nonfiction crime novel that centres on three femicides that occurred in 1980s Argentina. While the novel can be classified as true crime, the article is concerned with uncovering a discernible tension between true crime’s commitment to a rationalist presentation of facts, on the one hand, and the text’s Gothic elements, on the other. Far from eliding true crime’s reality principle, however, these elements are core to Almada’s detective work and can be construed as part of a project whose objective is to cognitively and affectively map femicide. By favouring a logic of synchronicity and adjacency over diachronicity and causality, Almada exposes the limitations of inscribing femicide within a conventional investigative framework, while also unveiling the uncanny aspects to the structures and figurative landscapes that accompany and abet femicide. The article goes on to make some general observations about true crime as Gothic realism.
Crime Fiction in the Archives: Hunting for Dashiell Hammett in the 1970s
Authors: Pepper Andrew
Published: August 2024

This is an essay about the archive. It considers what the archive is, who or what constitutes it and for what purposes, and how we understand the archiving of knowledge as a disciplinary practice: that is, as a practice of disciplinary power and as a means of producing academic disciplines. It is also an essay about two archives in particular: the Dashiell Hammett Family Papers and the Richard Layman Collection of Dashiell Hammett, both housed in the Irvin Department of Rare Books and Special Collections at the University of South Carolina. These archives give us a fascinating insight into the fraught business of accruing, or trying to accrue, the materials that would eventually be consecrated in the archive – what was known and, crucially, not known about Hammett's life and writing prior to the publication of the first biographies and critical works. As such, they illuminate the relationship between the gathering of information and the establishing of academic disciplines, in this case, crime fiction as a legitimate area of scholarly inquiry. This is also, therefore, an essay about the emergence of crime fiction studies as a scholarly discipline.
Abilities of diagnostic tools for deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities in stroke patients (literature review)
Authors: Mushkambarov I. N. , Beresten N. F. , Tkachenko S. B. , Romanov S. N. , Tagirova A. R.
Published: August 2024

One of the significant causes of disability and mortality both in Russia and around the world remains acute cerebral circulatory disorders, which combines ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, and transient ischemic attack. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) has a significant prevalence in patients with stroke, and venous thromboembolism (VTE) significant impact on the prognosis. The development of technologies, the emergence of new research methods made it possible to accurately determine the presence of DVT in patients with stroke using duplex ultrasound, using reserve methods, if necessary — CT, MRI, CV. However, there is currently no data that would allow to effectively determine the timing for the diagnosis of DVT in patients with stroke, as well as to identify patients who need such evaluation. Additional studies are needed to determine the timing of the screening for DVT, by assessing the prevalence of DVT in various periods of stroke, as well as evaluating the identifying factors.
Exercícios físico como prevenção e tratamento da obesidade infantil
Authors: Ferreira Felipe Mateus Gonçalves , Santos Arthur Garcia dos
Published: August 2024

Vivemos em uma sociedade que vive pautada em preceitos tecnológicos que nos proporcionam uma maior praticidade e ociosidade em relação aos exercícios físicos a serem exercidas em nossa rotina. A obesidade infantil vem crescendo assustadoramente, com isso é inevitável não falarmos neste assunto de extrema importância. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho é analisar os efeitos de exercícios físico para prevenção e tratamento da obesidade infantil. O presente estudo terá cunho exploratório pois irá procurar investigar e responder a questão da pesquisa, a atividade física como prevenção e tratamento da obesidade infantil. Pode-se definir como exercício físico uma atividade programada para que se possa alcançar como resultados melhoria na qualidade de vida, assim como prevenção de doenças e o tratamento deste caso venham surgir. No mundo, cerca de 40 milhões de crianças com menos de 5 anos e 340 milhões de crianças de 5 a 12 anos apresentam sobrepeso ou obesidade e se as tendências atuais continuarem, haverá mais crianças e adolescentes com obesidade do que com desnutrição moderada e grave. isso fica evidente em pesquisas e estudos a importância dos efeitos atividade física para combate e controle da obesidade infantil. Os benefícios de atividade física vão muito além do que controle e combate da obesidade infantil, ela proporciona bem-estar, aceitação da criança na sociedade, saúde, etc., estudos comprovam esses benefícios.
Characterization of a decellularized pericardium extracellular matrix hydrogel for regenerative medicine: insights on animal-to-animal variability
Authors: Di Francesco Dalila , Marcello Elena , Casarella Simona , Copes Francesco , Chevallier Pascale , Carmagnola Irene , Mantovani Diego , Boccafoschi Francesca
Published: August 2024

In the past years, the use of hydrogels derived from decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) for regenerative medicine purposes has significantly increased. The intrinsic bioactive and immunomodulatory properties indicate these materials as promising candidates for therapeutical applications. However, to date, limitations such as animal-to-animal variability still hinder the clinical translation. Moreover, the choice of tissue source, decellularization and solubilization protocols leads to differences in dECM-derived hydrogels. In this context, detailed characterization of chemical, physical and biological properties of the hydrogels should be performed, with attention to how these properties can be affected by animal-to-animal variability. Herein, we report a detailed characterization of a hydrogel derived from the decellularized extracellular matrix of bovine pericardium (dBP). Protein content, rheological properties, injectability, surface microstructure, in vitro stability and cytocompatibility were evaluated, with particular attention to animal-to-animal variability. The gelation process showed to be thermoresponsive and the obtained dBP hydrogels are injectable, porous, stable up to 2 weeks in aqueous media, rapidly degrading in enzymatic environment and cytocompatible, able to maintain cell viability in human mesenchymal stromal cells. Results from proteomic analysis proved that dBP hydrogels are highly rich in composition, preserving bioactive proteoglycans and glycoproteins in addition to structural proteins such as collagen. With respect to the chemical composition, animal-to-animal variability was shown, but the biological properties were not affected, which remained consistent in different batches. Taken together these results show that dBP hydrogels are excellent candidates for regenerative medicine applications.
Research progress of migrasomes: from genesis to formation, physiology to pathology
Authors: Tang Hua , Huang Zhe , Wang Ming , Luan Xingzhao , Deng Zengfu , Xu Jian , Fan Wei , He Dongsheng , Zhou Chong , Wang Liangbin , Li Jun , Zeng Fanfeng , Li Dongbo , Zhou Jie
Published: August 2024

Migrasomes are recently identified organelles that form at the ends or forks of retraction fibers (RFs) behind migrating cells and are expelled from the cell through cell migration. Migrasomes contain signaling molecules which are captured by surrounding cells along with migrasomes or released into the extracellular environment following the rupture of the migrasomes. Finally, through the action of these signaling molecules, migrasomes facilitate the entire process of information conveyance. In addition, migrasomes also serves as a “scavenger” by removing damaged mitochondria from the cell to ensure cellular viability. Thus, migrasomes play a pivotal role in the integration of temporal, spatial, specific chemical information and the clearance of cellular harmful substances, critical for grasping migrasomes’ functions. This review delves into the latest advancements in migrasomes research, covering aspects such as migrasomes’ discovery, distribution, structure and characteristics, genesis and regulation mechanisms, and their correlation with diseases. Additionally, we scrutinize the present investigational findings on migrasomes within the cancer domain, examining their potential impact on cancer and prospective research avenues.
Long-term follow-up study on obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients treated with disopyramide: evidences of a notable trend in symptom control within a real-world clinical setting
Authors: Todde Gaetano , Dei Lorenzo Lupo , Polizzi Roberto , Gabrielli Domenico , Canciello Grazia , Romano Silvio , Borrelli Felice , Halasz Geza , Ordine Leopoldo , Di Napoli Salvatore , Pacella Daniela , Lombardi Raffaella , Esposito Giovanni , Re Federica , Losi Maria-Angela
Published: August 2024

Background

In obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HOCM), disopyramide is used in patients who remain symptomatic despite β-blockers or verapamil. However, effectiveness of disopyramide therapy has not been clearly established due to inconsistent definition of responders and the insufficient length of follow-ups reported in literature. To address these shortcomings, we have conducted a retrospective analysis from detailed databases with long follow-up, from two HCM Referral Centers.

Methods

62 symptomatic HOCM patients (43% women, age 52 ± 14 years) with left ventricular (LV) outflow tract gradient (LVOTG) ≥ 50 mmHg at rest or during provocation, were recruited from two Italian Centers. Disopyramide was added as second-line therapy in the patients in whom symptoms persisted despite classic pharmacologic treatment. Patients in NYHA class > II at baseline who reached NYHA class II or I, and patients in NYHA class II at baseline who reached NYHA class I or symptoms stabilization were defined as responders.

Results

At follow-up, (mean 4.4 years, IQR 1.1–6.6 years), 47 patients (76%) were responders, whereas 15 (24%) were no-responders. Responders showed larger LV diastolic volume index (LVEDVi) at baseline as compared to no-responders (61 ± 14 vs. 49 ± 16 ml, respectively, p = 0.018), and, at follow-up, reached lower LVOTG than no-responders (43 ± 32 vs. 66 ± 28 mmHg, respectively, p = 0.013), with a LVOTG <50 mmHg more represented in responders than in no-responders (75% vs. 25%, respectively; p = 0.004). No side effects requiring discontinuation of the therapy were recorded.

Conclusion

HOCM patients treated with disopyramide as second-line therapy in a quite long-follow-up showed a significant improvement of symptoms, which avoided SRT in up to 70% of them. Moreover, our data suggest that a larger LVEDVi at baseline identify the subgroup of patients who benefit the most from the therapy in terms of symptoms and reduction of LVOTG below 50 mmHg during treatment. We will discuss specific situations where disopyramide may be preferred over myosin inhibition to ensure that effective therapeutic options are fully considered and not prematurely dismissed.
Comparison of ultrasound findings of papillary thyroid carcinoma subtypes based on the 2022 WHO classification of thyroid neoplasms
Authors: Hekimsoy İlhan , Ertan Yeşim , Serin Gürdeniz , Karabulut Ahmet Kasım , Özbek Süha Süreyya
Published: August 2024

Purpose

The present study aimed to analyze and compare sonographic features of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) subtypes to determine whether ultrasound (US) may aid in differentiating particular subtypes.

Methods

This retrospective study enrolled 133 patients diagnosed with 142 histopathologically proven PTCs as per the fifth edition of the World Health Organization classification of thyroid neoplasms between January 2013 and May 2023. US features based on the American College of Radiology and European Thyroid Imaging and Reporting Data Systems (TIRADS), and histopathological characteristics of nodules were assessed and compared.

Results

Histopathological analysis yielded 55 (38.7%) classic PTC, 32 (22.5%) invasive encapsulated follicular variant (IEFV) PTC, 20 (14.1%) oncocytic subtype, 14 (9.9%) non-invasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP), 11 (7.8%) infiltrative follicular subtype, 7 (4.9%) tall cell subtype, 2 (1.4%) solid subtype, and 1 (0.7%) diffuse sclerosing subtype. The US findings indicating malignancy, such as taller-than-wide shape, irregular margins, echogenic foci, and higher TIRADS categories, were more frequently demonstrated in nodules with classic PTC and the tall cell subtype, in line with their histopathological features. Conversely, IEFV-PTC and NIFTP rarely exhibited these high-risk sonographic features. US appearance of the oncocytic subtype more frequently overlapped with IEFV-PTC, yet hypo/very hypoechoic nodules with larger nodular diameters and higher TIRADS scores may favor the diagnosis of this subtype.

Conclusion

US features of certain subtypes may guide the differential diagnosis regarding shape, margin, echogenic foci, and TIRADS category of nodules; however, definitive subtyping is not yet possible using US images alone.
Hydrogen production from aluminum-water reactions at low Temperatures: based on an in-situ two powders of different particle sizes
Authors: Zhang Xiaoliang , Wang Li , Tao Guangyuan , Guo Ronghan , Fang Jiawei , Zhang Jun , Mao Haifang
Published: August 2024

To investigate the granule reaction of two-micron aluminum powders with water at low temperatures, differential scanning calorimetry was used to analyze the initial exothermic temperature. Additionally, adiabatic accelerated calorimetry was employed to study the exothermic reaction under adiabatic conditions. The hydrogen production and particle size variation were investigated in order to gain insights into the Al-water reaction in a reactor with no induction time. Through focused beam reflectance measurement analysis, it was observed that during the reaction process of Al-water, particle sizes initially increased and then decreased. Specifically, the particle size of 3 µm aluminum powder experienced a 189% increase after the reaction while 25 µm aluminum powder decreased by 29%. Ultimately, both types of particles reached similar final sizes around 13.89 µm. The process of Al-water reaction was explained and hydrogen production was analyzed, and the kinetic model was obtained.
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) genes predict immunotherapy response and therapeutic targets in acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
Authors: Wen Shuang , Lv Xuefeng , Ma Xiaohan , Deng Shu , Xie Jinming , Yuan Enwu
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Numerous studies have demonstrated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is one of the malignancies with high mortality worldwide. Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a form of cell death that is specialised in that it triggers the body’s immune response, particularly the adaptive immune response. Recent evidence has confirmed that pseudogenes are implicated in multiple human tumorigenesis and progression although lacking the function of coding protein. However, the roles of ICD-associated genes in AML remain largely unascertained.

Methods

TCGA-AML and GSE71014 cohorts were picked out and we combined them into a merged dataset by removing the batch effect using the sva package in the R project. A consensus clustering analysis of the ICD genes in AML was performed to define subgroups. Based on the expression of 15 prognostic-related pseudogenes, we developed a prognostic model and categorized AML samples into low and high-risk groups.

Results

AML was differentiated into two subgroups (C1 and C2 clusters). Most ICD-related genes were significantly up-regulated in the C2 cluster. The single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) revealed that the immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint gene expression of the C2 cluster was strongly high, suggesting that the C2 population responded well to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy and had better survival. The C1 group was sensitive to chemotherapy, including Cytarabine, Midostaurin, and Doxorubicin. On the other hand, 15 ICD-related pseudogenes were identified to be associated with AML prognosis. The receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis and nomogram manifested that our prognostic model had high accuracy in predicting survival. However, the high-risk group was sensitive to ICB therapy and chemotherapy such as Methotrexate, Cytarabine, and Axitinib while the low-risk group benefited from 5-Fluorouracil, Talazoparib, and Navitoclax therapy.

Discussion

In summary, we defined two subgroups relying on 33 ICD-related genes and this classification exerted a decisive role in assessing immunotherapy and chemotherapy benefit. Significantly, a prognostic signature identified by critical ICD-related pseudogene was created. The pseudogene prognostic signature had a powerful performance in predicting prognosis and therapeutic efficacy, including immunotherapy and chemotherapy to AML. Our research points out novel implications of ICD in cancer prognosis and treatment approach choice.
Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis reveals the molecular profiles of dynamic variation in Lilium brownii var. viridulum suffering from bulb rot
Authors: Chang Nana , Zheng Lingling , Xu Yang , Wang Chu , Li Hui , Wang Ye
Published: August 2024

Lilium brownii var. viridulum, known as Longya lily, is a well-known medicinal and edible plant in China. Bulb rot is a common disease in Longya lily cultivation that severely affects the yield and quality of lilies. According field investigations, we found that different Longya lily plants in the same field had different degrees of resistance to root rot. To find the reasons leading to the difference, we performed metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of Longya lily with different degrees of disease. The transcriptomic analyses showed that the number of differentially expressed genes increased in early and mid-stage infections (LYBH2 and LYBH3), while decreased in late-stage infection (LYBH4). A total of 2309 DEGs showed the same expression trend in diseased bulb compared healthy bulb (LYBH1). The transcription factors (TFs) analysis of DEGs showed that several common TFs, like WRKY, bHLH, AP2/ERF-ERF and MYB, were significantly activated in bulbs after decay. The metabolomic analyses showed that there were 794 differentially accumulated metabolites, and metabolites with significant changes in relative content largely were phenolic acids, followed by flavonoids and amino acids and derivatives. The combined analysis of transcriptome and metabolome indicated that phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway was crucial in Longya lily resistance to bulb rot. Therefore, we speculated that the different degree of resistance to bulb rot in Longya lily may be related to the transcript levels of gene and contents of metabolites in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway. Overall, these results elucidate the molecular responses of Longya lily to bulb rot and lay a theoretical foundation for breeding resistant varieties.
IgA vasculitis induced by carboplatin + nab-paclitaxel + pembrolizumab in a patient with advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma: a case report
Authors: Terashima Yuto , Matsumoto Masaru , Ozaki Saeko , Nakagawa Michiko , Nakagome Shun , Terasaki Yasuhiro , Iida Hiroki , Mitsugi Ryotaro , Kuramochi Eri , Okada Naoko , Inoue Tomoyasu , Matsuki Satoru , Kitagawa Shingo , Fukuizumi Aya , Onda Naomi , Takeuchi Susumu , Miyanaga Akihiko , Kasahara Kazuo , Seike Masahiro
Published: August 2024

A 73-year-old man with lung squamous cell carcinoma was administered carboplatin + nab-paclitaxel + pembrolizumab for four cycles. Subsequently, he presented with multiple purpuras on his extremities, joint swelling on his fingers, abdominal pain, and diarrhea, accompanied by acute kidney injury (AKI), increased proteinuria, hematuria, and elevated C-reactive protein levels. Skin biopsy showed leukocytoclastic vasculitis as well as IgA and C3 deposition in the vessel walls. Based on these findings, the patient was diagnosed with IgA vasculitis as an immune-related adverse event (irAE) induced by carboplatin + nab-paclitaxel + pembrolizumab. After discontinuation of pembrolizumab and glucocorticoids, the symptoms immediately resolved. Regular monitoring of skin, blood tests, and urinalysis are necessary, and the possibility of irAE IgA vasculitis should be considered in cases of purpura and AKI during treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors.