bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Advantages of Utilizing Population Balance Modeling of Crystallization Processes for Particle Size Distribution Prediction of an Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient
Authors: Rosenbaum Tamar , Tan Li , Engstrom Joshua
Published: June 2019

Active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) particle size distribution is important for both downstream processing operations and in vivo performance. Crystallization process parameters and reactor configuration are important in controlling API particle size distribution (PSD). Given the large number of parameters and the scale-dependence of many parameters, it can be difficult to design a scalable crystallization process that delivers a target PSD. Population balance modeling is a useful tool for understanding crystallization kinetics, which are primarily scale-independent, predicting PSD, and studying the impact of process parameters on PSD. Although population balance modeling (PBM) does have certain limitations, such as scale dependency of secondary nucleation, and is currently limited in commercial software packages to one particle dimension, which has difficulty in predicting PSD for high aspect ratio morphologies, there is still much to be gained from applying PBM in API crystallization processes.
Women between Religion and Spirituality: Observing Religious Experience in Everyday Japanese Life
Authors: Cavaliere Paola
Published: June 2019

A large majority of Japanese people describe themselves as mushūkyō, ‘non-religious’, even though they participate in several religious-related cultural practices that socialize them to accept spiritual attitudes without the mediation of organized religion. This phenomenon fits well into the ‘spiritual but not religious’ formula of the contemporary Northern European and North American sociological debate, in which the ‘religion’ and ‘spiritual’ categories denote interdependent, although not always reciprocated, domains. Drawing upon two sets of qualitative data on women belonging to five religious organizations (Shinnyoen, Risshō kōseikai, the Roman Catholic Church in Japan, Sōga Gakkai, and God Light Association (GLA)), in this study, I argue that the religion–spirituality distinction not only fails to capture the empirical reality of contemporary Japanese religions, it also does not take into account new modalities of religious and spiritual experiences of people with such affiliations. Their experiences are expressed through the socio-cultural milieu and the language of religion and spirituality available to them in contiguous and complementary ways. In this respect, the aim of this article is to discuss such aspects of Japanese women’s religious and spiritual experiences that have often eluded scholars writing on Japanese religiosity in order to broaden the focus of reflection to include the mushūkyō aspect and the presumed religion–spirituality mismatch.
Variation of the Chemical Composition of Waste Cooking Oils upon Bentonite Filtration
Authors: Mannu Alberto , Vlahopoulou Gina , Urgeghe Paolo , Ferro Monica , Del Caro Alessandra , Taras Alessandro , Garroni Sebastiano , Rourke Jonathan P. , Cabizza Roberto , Petretto Giacomo L.
Published: June 2019

The chemical composition and the color of samples of waste cooking oils (WCOs) were determined prior to and after filtration on two different pads of bentonite differing in particle size. The volatile fraction was monitored by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with gas-chromatography, while the variation of the composition of the main components was analyzed by 1H NMR. Both techniques allowed the detection of some decomposition products, such as polymers, terpenes, and derivatives of the Maillard process. The analysis of the chemical composition prior to and after bentonite treatment revealed a tendency for the clays to retain specific chemical groups (such as carboxylic acids or double bonds), independent of their particle size. A pair comparison test was conducted in order to detect the sensory differences of the intensity of aroma between the WCO treated with the two different bentonites. In addition, characterization of the bentonite by means of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric measurements (TG) was performed.
Estimation of Rice Growth Parameters Based on Linear Mixed-Effect Model Using Multispectral Images from Fixed-Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Authors: Wang Yanyu , Zhang Ke , Tang Chunlan , Cao Qiang , Tian Yongchao , Zhu Yan , Cao Weixing , Liu Xiaojun
Published: June 2019

The accurate estimation of aboveground biomass (AGB) and leaf area index (LAI) is critical to characterize crop growth status and predict grain yield. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) -based remote sensing has attracted significant interest due to its high flexibility and easiness of operation. The mixed effect model introduced in this study can capture secondary factors that cannot be captured by standard empirical relationships. The objective of this study was to explore the potential benefit of using a linear mixed-effect (LME) model and multispectral images from a fixed-wing UAV to estimate both AGB and LAI of rice. Field experiments were conducted over two consecutive years (2017–2018), that involved different N rates, planting patterns and rice cultivars. Images were collected by a compact multispectral camera mounted on a fixed-wing UAV during key rice growth stages. LME, simple regression (SR), artificial neural networks (ANN) and random forests (RF) models were developed relating growth parameters (AGB and LAI) to spectral information. Cultivar (C), growth stage (S) and planting pattern (P) were selected as candidates of random effects for the LME models due to their significant effects on rice growth. Compared to other regression models (SR, ANN and RF), the LME model improved the AGB estimation accuracy for all stage groups to varying degrees: the R2 increased by 0.14–0.35 and the RMSE decreased by 0.88–1.80 t ha−1 for the whole season, the R2 increased by 0.07–0.15 and the RMSE decreased by 0.31–0.61 t ha−1 for pre-heading stages and the R2 increased by 0.21–0.53 and the RMSE decreased by 0.72–1.52 t ha−1 for post-heading stages. Further analysis suggested that the LME model also successfully predicted within the groups when the number of groups was suitable. More importantly, depending on the availability of C, S, P or combinations thereof, mixed effects could lead to an outperformance of baseline retrieval methods (SR, ANN or RF) due to the inclusion of secondary effects. Satisfactory results were also obtained for the LAI estimation while the superiority of the LME model was not as significant as that for AGB estimation. This study demonstrates that the LME model could accurately estimate rice AGB and LAI and fixed-wing UAVs are promising for the monitoring of the crop growth status over large-scale farmland.
Geographically Weighted Machine Learning and Downscaling for High-Resolution Spatiotemporal Estimations of Wind Speed
Authors: Li Lianfa
Published: June 2019

High-resolution spatiotemporal wind speed mapping is useful for atmospheric environmental monitoring, air quality evaluation and wind power siting. Although modern reanalysis techniques can obtain reliable interpolated surfaces of meteorology at a high temporal resolution, their spatial resolutions are coarse. Local variability of wind speed is difficult to capture due to its volatility. Here, a two-stage approach was developed for robust spatiotemporal estimations of wind speed at a high resolution. The proposed approach consists of geographically weighted ensemble machine learning (Stage 1) and downscaling based on meteorological reanalysis data (Stage 2). The geographically weighted machine learning method is based on three base learners, which are an autoencoder-based deep residual network, XGBoost and random forest, and it incorporates spatial autocorrelation and heterogeneity to boost the ensemble predictions. With reanalysis data, downscaling was introduced in Stage 2 to reduce bias and spatial abrupt (non-natural) variation in the predictions inferred from Stage 1. The autoencoder-based residual network was used in Stage 2 to adjust the difference between the averages of the fine-resolution predicted values and the coarse-resolution reanalysis data to ensure consistency. Using mainland China as a case study, the geographically weighted regression (GWR) ensemble predictions were shown to perform better than individual learners’ predictions (with an approximately 12–16% improvement in R2 and a decrease of 0.14–0.19 m/s in root mean square error). Downscaling further improved the predictions by reducing inconsistency and obtaining better spatial variation (smoothing). The proposed approach can also be applied for the high-resolution spatiotemporal estimation of other meteorological parameters or surface variables involving remote sensing images (i.e. reliable coarsely resolved data), ground monitoring data and other relevant factors.
Deformation Activity Analysis of a Ground Fissure Based on Instantaneous Total Energy
Authors: Liu Xianglei , Su Shan , Ma Jing , Yang Wanxin
Published: June 2019

This study proposes a novel instantaneous total energy method to perform an activity analysis of ground fissures deformation, which is calculated by integrating the extreme-point symmetric mode decomposition (ESMD) method and kinetic energy based on the time-series displacement acquired by shape acceleration array (SAA) sensors. The proposed method is tested on the Xiwang Road fissure in Beijing, China. First, to fully monitor the hanging wall and footwall of the monitored ground fissure, a 4 m-long SAA in the vertical direction and an 8 m-long SAA in the horizontal direction were embedded in a ground fissure to obtain an accurate time-series displacement with an accuracy of ±1.5 mm/32 m and a displacement acquisition frequency of once an hour. Second, to improve the accuracy of the activity analysis, the ESMD method and Spearman’s rho are applied to perform signal denoising of the original time-series displacement obtained by the SAA sensors. Finally, the instantaneous total energy is obtained to analyze the activity of the monitored ground fissure. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is more reliable to reflect the activity of a monitored ground fissure compared to the time-series displacement.
Study of Out-Of-Hospital Access to HIS System: A Security Perspective
Authors: Chen Chih-Yung , Hsu Yi-Chang , Lin Chang-Ching , Hajiyev Jeyhun , Su Chia-Rong , Tseng Ching-His
Published: June 2019

In light of the need for Extramural Hospital Information System (HIS) access through mobile devices outside the hospital, this research analyzes situational information security threats, including the circumstances in which a mobile device may get lost and personal data may be stolen. Moreover, the system needs to be implemented in accordance with the regulations. Based on the security threat analysis, it is proposed to use a security control module to provide a security-enabled HIS proxy module, two-way authentication module, and One-Time Password (OTP). The sending module and cryptographic technology computing module with Micro SD encryption card form a set of HIS extension system, which includes the SMS OTP method to simultaneously verify the two-way authentication mechanism of a user and the device that the user owns.
The AMERIGO Lander and the Automatic Benthic Chamber (CBA): Two New Instruments to Measure Benthic Fluxes of Dissolved Chemical Species
Authors: Spagnoli Federico , Penna Pierluigi , Giuliani Giordano , Masini Luca , Martinotti Valter
Published: June 2019

Marine environments are currently subject to strong ecological pressure due to local and global anthropic stressors, such as pollutants and atmospheric inputs, which also cause ocean acidification and warming. These strains can result in biogeochemical cycle variations, environmental pollution, and changes in benthic-pelagic coupling processes. Two new devices, the Amerigo Lander and the Automatic Benthic Chamber (CBA), have been developed to measure the fluxes of dissolved chemical species between sediment and the water column, to assess the biogeochemical cycle and benthic-pelagic coupling alterations due to human activities. The Amerigo Lander can operate in shallow as well as deep water (up to 6000 m), whereas the CBA has been developed for the continental shelf (up to 200 m). The lander can also be used to deploy a range of instruments on the seafloor, to study the benthic ecosystems. The two devices have successfully been tested in a variety of research tasks and environmental impact assessments in shallow and deep waters. Their measured flux data show good agreement and are also consistent with previous data.
A Scoping Review of Barriers to Investment in Climate Change Solutions
Authors: Hafner Sarah , James Olivia , Jones Aled
Published: June 2019

The finance sector has engaged with policy development processes associated with climate solutions for well over a decade, with the aim of overcoming barriers to investment. In this paper we analyse 31 practice-based policy reports which highlight key barriers to such investing. We use those practice-based policy reports to identify themes associated with barriers to investment to conduct a scoping literature review of academic research. We identify 91 relevant papers and use content analysis to summarise the barriers identified in a structured way to help inform the research landscape in a timely manner. Given the urgency of this issue, we call on the academic community to focus more effort in this new and emerging discipline and, in particular, on the need for an independent view on the validity of some of the claims made in these practice-based policy reports.
How to Save Bike-Sharing: An Evidence-Based Survival Toolkit for Policy-Makers and Mobility Providers
Authors: Nikitas Alexandros
Published: June 2019

A new mobility ethos is needed for cities looking to overcome the problems that have been accumulated for decades by a transport paradigm that prioritises automobiles over people. Bike-sharing, a measure promoting voluntary travel behaviour change, could be part of a refined toolbox that will help in forging this new ethos. Despite a rapid emergence during the last handful of years, as evidenced by 1956 operational local schemes and approximately 15,254,400 self-service public use bicycles across the world, bike-sharing has been attracting negative attention lately. Tens of schemes have closed down, deemed as financial or operational failures, stigmatising bike-sharing’s brand and putting the future of the concept itself in jeopardy. However, discounting bike-sharing as flawed may not be fair or accurate. This paper identifies a formula of success for bike-sharing operations based on a state-of-the-art case study analysis, which is supported by primary data evidence from two survey-based studies in Sweden and Greece. This paper suggests that residents in cities hosting or looking to host bike-sharing schemes are usually very supportive of them but not always likely to use them. More importantly, this paper delivers some key policy and business lessons that form a survival guide for effectively introducing and running public bicycle schemes. These lessons include, among others, the need for: tailoring the system design and expansion strategy according to the host city needs, city-operator and commercial partner synergies, more bike-friendly infrastructure and legislation, pro-active cultural engagement, anti-abuse measures, enhanced fleet management and realistic profit expectations.
Spatiotemporal Evolution of the Taiwanese-Funded Information Technology and Electronics Industry Value Chain in Mainland China
Authors: Chen Yanhua , Wei Suqiong , Zhang Hongou , Gao Yuehua
Published: June 2019

The Chinese Mainland has become the largest production base and a major potential market for Taiwan’s information and electronics industry. Thus, studying the spatiotemporal evolution of the Taiwanese-funded information technology and electronics industry in the Mainland from the value chain perspective is necessary. This will help deepen the labor division and collaboration between the cross-strait information technology (IT) and electronics industry for sustainable development. Using Taiwanese investments during 1991–2012 and detailed firm-level data for 1976–2012, this study examines the spatiotemporal trajectory and geographical patterns of the labor division of Mainland China’s Taiwanese-funded IT and electronics industrial value chain from a modular perspective. Based on the characteristics of the modular production process, the Taiwanese-funded IT and electronics firms in Mainland China are divided into four modules—parts manufacturing (PM), key parts manufacturing (KPM), complete machine manufacturing (CMM), and design and marketing (DM). We found that: (1) technology and value witnessed clear stage changes; (2) the PM and CMM modules were more decentralized, and the four modules formed five clusters; and (3) despite an increase, the degree of the four geographical divisions of labor was relatively low. This study offers implications for research and IT policy and electronics enterprises’ production practices.
Flow–Vegetation Interaction in a Living Shoreline Restoration and Potential Effect to Mangrove Recruitment
Authors: Kibler Kelly M. , Kitsikoudis Vasileios , Donnelly Melinda , Spiering David W. , Walters Linda
Published: June 2019

Hydrodynamic differences among shorelines with no vegetation, reference vegetation (mature mangrove), and vegetation planted on restored shoreline (marsh grass and young mangrove) were compared based on field observations 6.5 years after living shoreline restoration. Mean current velocities and waves were more strongly attenuated in vegetation (from channel to shoreline: 80–98% velocity decrease and 35–36% wave height reduction) than in bare shoreline (36–72% velocity decrease, 7% wave height reduction, ANOVA: p < 0.001). Normalized turbulent kinetic energy dissipation rates were significantly higher in reference vegetation (0.16 ± 0.03 m−1) than in restored (0.08 ± 0.02 m−1) or bare shoreline (0.02 ± 0.01 m−1, p < 0.001). Significant differences in the current attenuation and turbulence dissipation rates for the reference and planted vegetation are attributed to the observed differences in vegetation array and morphology. Although the hydrodynamic analyses did not suggest limitations to recruitment, mangrove seedlings were not observed in restored vegetation, while four recruited seedlings/m were counted in the reference vegetation. The lack of recruitment in the restored shoreline may suggest a lag in morphological habitat suitability (slope, sediment texture, organic matter content) after restoration. Although hydrodynamics suggest that the restored site should be functionally similar to a reference condition, thresholds in habitat suitability may emerge over longer timescales.
Dantzig Type Optimization Method with Applications to Portfolio Selection
Authors: Park Seyoung , Lee Eun Ryung , Lee Sungchul , Kim Geonwoo
Published: June 2019

This paper investigates a novel optimization problem motivated by sparse, sustainable and stable portfolio selection. The existing benchmark portfolio via the Dantzig type optimization is used to construct a sparse, sustainable and stable portfolio. Based on the formulations, this paper proposes two portfolio selection methods, west and north portfolio selection, and investigates their empirical properties. Numerical results presented for 12 datasets and various simulated data show that the west selection can reduce risk, and the north selection may outperform the benchmark as to risk-adjusted returns (based on, e.g., information ratio and Sharpe ratio).
Theoretical Model of the Axial Residual Velocity of PELE Projectiles Penetrating Thin Metal Targets
Authors: Ding Liangliang , Tang Wenhui , Ran Xianwen , Fan Zijian , Chen Weike
Published: June 2019

With the increase of battlefield target diversity and protection mobility, the disadvantages of traditional armor piercing warheads have gradually become prominent. The conception of the PELE (penetration with enhanced lateral efficiency) projectile was thus proposed. The axial residual velocity of the projectile is a very important indicator of a PELE projectile, which mainly reflects the penetration ability of the PELE projectile. The PELE projectile is a symmetrical structure, so the collision problem can be simplified to plane collision. Furthermore, the two-dimensional plane is axisymmetric, and so it can be further simplified to one-dimensional collision. Based on simplification and assumptions, the mechanism of a PELE projectile penetrating a thin metal target plate was studied using the shock wave theory, and a theoretical model of axial residual velocity has been established in this article. The energy loss during the penetration process was divided into the following parts: the kinetic energy increment of the target plug in the impact region, the internal energy increment of the outer casing and inner core, and the shear energy dissipation of the projectile against the target plate. In addition, the specific methods of determining the energy loss of each part are given in detail. According to the conservation of energy, the approximate calculation formulae of the axial residual velocity of a PELE projectile have been deduced. Finally, the theoretical results were compared with the experimental results under different working conditions, and the results were in good agreement. Therefore, the theoretical model has application value and guiding significance in the field of engineering.
Presence of Antibodies against Bluetongue Virus (BTV) in Sheep 5 to 7.5 Years after Vaccination with Inactivated BTV-8 Vaccines
Authors: Hilke Johanna , Strobel Heinz , Woelke Soeren , Stoeter Melanie , Voigt Katja , Moeller Bernd , Bastian Max , Ganter Martin
Published: June 2019

Thirty-six female sheep, previously vaccinated against Bluetongue virus serotype 8 (BTV-8) using inactivated vaccines, were included in this field study. In Germany, vaccination was compulsory in 2008 and 2009, voluntary in 2010 and early 2011, and later, was prohibited in 2011. Due to their age, eighteen sheep had been vaccinated for two or more consecutive years, while a further eighteen animals had only been vaccinated once or not at all. The sheep were blood sampled five (n = 31) to 7.5 years (n = 5) after their last vaccination. All serum samples (n = 36) were tested for BTV group-specific antibodies by an ELISA (IDScreen® Bluetongue Competition assay, ID Vet). In five of the animals, the BTV-8 serotype-specific antibody titers were measured by serum neutralization (SN). The majority of sheep that were vaccinated annually for two or more years showed a positive ELISA (14/18 sheep) and a SN (two of two sheep) result 5 years after their last vaccination. Most of the sheep vaccinated fewer than twice showed a negative ELISA result 5 to 7.5 years after their last vaccination (13/18 animals). The three animals in this group tested by SN showed one negative and two positive results. This short communication is the first to describe the presence of BTV antibodies in sheep 5 to 7.5 years after vaccination with inactivated BTV-8 vaccines.
Costumes, tradições e usos dos adolescentes da cidade de Barreirinhas (MA): há influências comportamentais dos visitantes?
Authors: Saldanha Marcelo Aragão , Bello Leonardo Augusto Lobato , Cruz Sílvia Helena Ribeiro
Published: June 2019

O objetivo do trabalho instalado é discorrer sobre aspectos gerais dos costumes, tradições e usos dos adolescentes, habitantes da cidade de Barreirinhas, no estado do Maranhão - ela que é a porta de acesso a uma das belezas naturais mais singulares do mundo, o Parque Nacional dos Lençóis Maranhenses. Para tanto, no que concerne a busca das informações inerentes, se estabelece (desde a pesquisa de campo, acontecida nas salas de aula do Instituto Federal do Maranhão, campus Barreirinhas) a metodologia quantitativa/qualitativa (dada a aplicação de um questionário estruturado e de todo analisado) que fundamenta a macro indagação -Há influências comportamentais dos visitantes sobre estes, visto a permanente proximidade entre ambos? Quanto aos resultados obtidos, estes apontam para as evidências de uma afirmativa, que culmina com o efeito imitação dos novos hábitos forasteiros, em crescente substituição aqueles ora vigentes.

Costums, traditions and uses of the teenagers at Barreirinhas’ city (MA, Brazil): are there any comportamental influences of the visitors?

ABSTRACT

The purpose of the work is to discuss general aspects of customs, traditions and uses of adolescents, inhabitants of the city of Barreirinhas in the state of Maranhão - which is the gateway to one of the most unique beauties in the world, Lençóis Maranhenses National Park . To do so, as far as the search for inherent information is concerned, the quantitative / qualitative methodology (from the field research carried out in the Federal University of Maranhão classrooms Barreirinhas) is established (given the application of a structured questionnaire and all analyzed ) that underlies the macro inquiry - Are there behavioral influences of visitors on these, given the permanent proximity between them? As for the results obtained, they point to the evidence of an affirmation, culminating with the imitation effect of new alien habits, in increasing substitution those now in force.

KEYWORDS: Costums; Adolescents; Barreirinhas; Behavioral Influences; Visitors.
Percepção de estudantes quanto aos impactos na criação e visitação de parques naturais protegidos
Authors: Brumatti Paula Normandia , Santana Carla Medeiros , Dantas Fernanda Raphaela , Marques Junior Sérgio
Published: June 2019

O objetivo do presente artigo é investigar os impactos ambientais, econômicos e sociais associados ao apoio à criação e visitação de áreas naturais protegidas, como os parques naturais, realizado com alunos de graduação em turismo do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Neste sentido, foi feita uma pesquisa quantitativa descritiva, com amostragem não probabilística, aplicada a 111 alunos de graduação em turismo nas instituições IFRN e UFRN. O instrumento de pesquisa consistiu em um questionário elaborado e aplicado no mês de maio de 2017, no qual continha 39 assertivas sobre o tema proposto a serem respondidas de acordo com o grau de concordância em escala métrica de 11 pontos. Utilizou-se o Software SPSS versão 22.0/2013 para o tratamento e análise dos dados. A análise fatorial foi realizada com o objetivo reduzir variáveis e construir um conjunto que explicasse as determinadas dimensões. Os resultados demonstraram um significativo apoio à criação de parques naturais protegidos pelo público de estudantes, associado aos possíveis impactos positivos ambientais, sociais e econômicos. Acredita-se que estudos que contemplem outros públicos como residentes e gestores dos parques podem contribuir para uma melhor compreensão do apoio a criação destas áreas e os impactos relacionados a este processo e ao uso público das mesmas.

Perception of students as to the impact on creation and visitation of protected natural parks

The objective of the present article was to investigate the environmental, economic and social impacts associated to the support to the creation and visitation of protected natural areas, such as natural parks, carried out with undergraduate students in tourism in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. In this sense, a descriptive quantitative research was carried out, with non-probabilistic sampling, applied to 111 undergraduate students in tourism in the IFRN and UFRN institutions. The research instrument consisted of a questionnaire elaborated and applied in May 2017, which contained 39 assertions about the proposed subject to be answered according to the degree of agreement on a metric scale of 11 points. SPSS software version 22.0 / 2013 was used for the treatment and analysis of the data. The factor analysis was performed with the objective of reducing variables and constructing a set that explained the given dimensions. The results showed a significant support for the creation of natural parks protected by the students' public, associated to the possible positive environmental, social and economic impacts. It is believed that studies involving other publics as residents and managers of the parks can contribute to a better understanding of the support for the creation of these areas and the impacts related to this process and the public use of them.

KEYWORDS: Tourism; Protected Areas; Impacts; Factor Analysis.
Políticas públicas, meio ambiente e desenvolvimento local: uma análise a partir do Plano de Manejo na Vila Algodoal (PA)
Authors: Menezes Julio de Pádua Lopes , Vinagre Marco Valério de Albuquerque , Couto Mayra Hermínia Simões Hamad Farias do , Alves Igor Charles Castor , Barbosa Kamila Batista da Silva
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo apresenta um debate sobre políticas públicas associadas ao meio ambiente. Apresenta como objetivos centrais um levantamento do conceito do que são as políticas públicas do ponto de vista da consolidação da mesma como ciência, a revisão do contexto histórico do movimento ambientalista e exemplos de políticas públicas a partir do plano de manejo da APA Algodoal-Maiandeua, no município de Maracanã no Pará. Identifica-se que, apesar da boa iniciativa da proteção socioambiental pela legislação estabelecida pelo plano de manejo observado na APA Algodoal-Maiandeua, tais políticas não vem sendo, de fato, condizentes com o desenvolvimento local, pois ao analisar os indicadores como o da ocupação, do abastecimento de água e do saneamento, os mesmos demonstram que necessitam ser melhorados, haja vista que uma APA deve integrar o desenvolvimento local sustentável.

Public policies, environment and local development: an analysis from the management plan in Vila Algodoal (PA, Brazil)

ABSTRACT

This article presents a debate on public policies associated to the environment. It presents as central objectives a survey of the concept of public policies from the point of view of the consolidation of the same as science, the revision of the historical context of the environmental movement and examples of public policies from the APA Algodoal-Maiandeua management plan, in the municipality of Maracanã do Pará. It is identified that, despite the good initiative of socio-environmental protection by the legislation established by the management plan observed at the APA Algodoal-Maiandeua, these policies are not in fact consistent with local development, since analyzing indicators such as occupation, water supply and sanitation, they demonstrate that they need to be improved, since an APA should integrate sustainable local development.

KEYWORDS: Public Policy; Environment; Local Development.
Representações sociais de professores de uma escola pública de ensino fundamental: objetivos para um projeto em Educação Ambiental
Authors: Reiniak Jacson Luís , Baldin Nelma , Lima Iana Gomes de
Published: June 2019

Este artigo é um recorte de uma dissertação de mestrado em educação e têm como objetivo evidenciar as Representações Sociais que os professores de uma escola pública de ensino fundamental no município de Joinville – SC possuem quanto aos “objetivos a serem trabalhados na Educação Ambiental”. No âmbito metodológico, contou-se com as respostas de dez professores, à questão: “Imaginemos que a escola (comunidade escolar) busque sua ajuda para elaboração de uma atividade sobre Educação Ambiental junto aos alunos. O que você proporia como objetivo(s)?”. As respostas, interpretadas conforme o método da análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 2016), permitiram a obtenção das categorias representacionais: “ambiental”, “cultural”, “ação pedagógica” e “lixo”.
Concepções e metodologias para promoção e difusão da bioenergia: uma experiência educativa na escola pública
Authors: Dias Jarbiane Silva , Lima Tatiane de Lucena
Published: June 2019

O presente trabalho é resultado de uma intervenção prática com estudantes de uma escola pública da cidade do Salvador (Bahia), tencionando analisar concepções e metodologias capazes de promover a promoção e a difusão do conhecimento científico sobre Bioenergia na escola pública. Para isso, delinearam-se os seguintes objetivos: identificar a percepção dos estudantes dos anos finais do ensino fundamental sobre Bioenergia através de uma experiência de produção de biodiesel em laboratório; buscar informações em leis e documentos educacionais que articulem os temas Bioenergia, Meio Ambiente e Educação; difundir o conhecimento sobre o uso de energias renováveis no contexto socioeducativo visando agregar valores e práticas sustentáveis na sociedade. Ademais, foi realizada pesquisa documental em leis e documentos educacionais, e utilizados os pressupostos teóricos de Ausubel, Piaget e Vygotsky para referenciar este estudo. Os resultados apresentados indicam que os alunos investigados não possuíam conhecimento prévio sobre energias renováveis e bioenergia, no entanto, pela avaliação dos mesmos, notou-se um avanço significativo, facilitando a assimilação dos conhecimentos acerca desses temas, inclusive por meio de uma cartilha educativa elaborada e socializada com esta finalidade. Na experiência em laboratório, foi utilizada metodologia apoiada numa abordagem construtivista para construção do conhecimento científico sobre a bioenergia.
A temática ambiental em escolas públicas no Amazonas: análise a partir de projetos desenvolvidos no âmbito do Programa Ciência na Escola – PCE
Authors: Milhomem Karina , Simão Maria Olívia
Published: June 2019

Acreditamos que a educação se constitui como uma poderosa ferramenta de intervenção no mundo para a construção de novos conceitos e consequente mudança de hábitos. O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu em averiguar a presença da temática ambiental nas escolas públicas do Amazonas no âmbito do Programa Ciência na Escola - PCE, que é um programa de incentivo à iniciação científica para estudantes da educação básica e é mantido pela Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas - FAPEAM. Foram analisados projetos que traziam a temática ambiental como objeto de pesquisa. Os resultados aqui apresentados foram obtidos a partir da análise de editais, decisões, projetos e seus respectivos relatórios. Pôde-se observar que esta temática não é prioridade nos projetos desenvolvidos, pois somente 8% deles, nos anos de 2014 e 2015, trouxeram esta abordagem como tema de pesquisa.
Um caso de sucesso: metodologias que potencializam a Educação Ambiental no ensino fundamental
Authors: Vidal Douglas Bitencourt , Nogueira Monessa Tedoldi , Campos Thuany Souza
Published: June 2019

A Educação Ambiental proporciona dentro da formação escolar uma construção de valores sociais, conhecimentos e atitudes, relacionados a conservação do meio ambiente. A partir desta premissa, objetivou-se neste estudo apresentar as metodologias aplicáveis à Educação Ambiental das Escolas de Ensino Fundamental do município de Montanha-ES, retratando os métodos utilizados por estas escolas para potencializar a aplicabilidade da Educação Ambiental no Ensino Fundamental. O artigo identifica como estas escolas conduzem o processo de produção de conhecimento do discente sobre a consciência crítica na problemática ambiental, para assim retratar suas metodologias. Tornou-se evidente que as escolas questionadas possuem conhecimento à cerca de que a Educação Ambiental precisa ser trabalhada dentro do contexto escolar, bem como na comunidade de maneira transdisciplinar, propiciando ao discente uma consciência crítica na busca de sua transformação social. Nesse sentido, as metodologias apresentadas podem ser uma diretriz viável para outras escolas.
A formação do Caminhoneiro Vigilante Ambiental em Foz do Iguaçu (PR)
Authors: Savi Daniela , Silva Emerson Ferreira da , Pavinato Julie Mathilda Semiguem , Basso Dirceu
Published: June 2019

Este estudo buscou analisar a Educação Ambiental (EA) no contexto do ensino profissional a partir da experiência com o Projeto Caminhoneiro Amigo do Meio Ambiente do SEST/SENAT - Unidade de Foz do Iguaçu/PR. Esse projeto promove a Educação Ambiental e ecológica, preparando os profissionais atendidos para atuarem como mensageiros das boas práticas ambientais para a conservação do meio ambiente. Verificou-se que o projeto analisado constitui uma importante ferramenta para os fins aos quais se propõe, ao disseminar conhecimentos de EA para um público que, em função das especificidades da profissão, tem dificuldades de acesso a esse tipo de formação.
Implantação de programas e ações de Educação Ambiental no município de São Francisco (PB)
Authors: Saraiva Alan Gurgel , Soares Leonardo Vieira , Silva Ricardo Moreira da
Published: June 2019

O presente trabalho apresenta propostas de programas e ações de Educação Ambiental (EA) para serem implantados no município de São Francisco-PB. Foi preciso criar um grupo de trabalho responsável pela criação dos programas e pela execução das ações, onde a coordenação do grupo de trabalho será de responsabilidade da Secretária de Saúde e Meio Ambiente. Cada programa de Educação Ambiental proposto neste trabalho tem sua metodologia particular para ser implantado. No final, o resultado esperado é que as propostas dos programas e ações de educação ambiente sejam aceitas pela prefeitura de São Francisco e implantados junto com a população local promovendo, assim, desenvolvimento sustentável e uma qualidade vida melhor para população local.
Utilização de hortas verticais como instrumento de Educação Ambiental não formal
Authors: Souza Allan Guilherme Rodrigues de
Published: June 2019

Este estudo resulta das ações do Projeto de Pesquisa Verticalizando, que consiste na utilização de hortas verticais para avaliar a educação ambiental em escolas do ensino fundamental. A partir dessa abordagem, o trabalho se dedica a verificar a eficiência do uso de hortas verticais como instrumento de Educação Ambiental não formal, de forma que a dinâmica utilizada nessa metodologia possa alavancar a consciência ambiental da sociedade, fazendo com que haja maior contato entre o homem e a natureza. Essa técnica é amplamente utilizada pelos projetos de educação ambiental, visto que é possível explorar diversos temas ambientais por ela. Nesse contexto o artigo evidenciará as vantagens da utilização deste instrumento e como o mesmo pode ser uma importante ferramenta de aprendizagem de Educação Ambiental não formal.
Formação ambiental e sua relação com a qualidade da água do Rio Piracicaba (MG)
Authors: Queiroz Marluce Teixeira Andrade , Santos Tania Gonçalves dos
Published: June 2019

Este trabalho apresentou resultados de oficinas educativas para alunos do ensino fundamental de três escolas públicas de Coronel Fabriciano (MG). As metodologias aplicadas foram exposição dialogada, gincana e práticas de reuso. Para reconhecer à percepção dos educados quanto à eficácia do processo formativo foi utilizada a entrevista. Constatou-se bom nível de entendimento e sendo explicitada a preferência por atividades lúdicas que permitam efetiva concatenação com a realidade regional. Reconheceu-se que a ação demanda continuidade. É necessário estimular a reflexão, a busca de informações para compreensão das alterações existentes no mundo e desse modo capacitar o indivíduo para contribuir com a preservação ambiental.
Educação Ambiental e aves da Caatinga: a construção do conhecimento através de atividades práticas
Authors: Norman Randson Santos de Souza , Severiano Juliana dos Santos
Published: June 2019

A pesquisa em questão trata-se da construção do conhecimento de alunos do ensino fundamental sobre Educação Ambiental atrelada a conservação de aves da caatinga. Participaram da pesquisa 18 alunos, com faixa etária entre 8 a 9 anos e foram realizadas atividades dentro da sala de aula. Aplicou-se um formulário semiestruturado com questões discursivas e objetivas e este mesmo foi reaplicado no fim das atividades. Realizaram-se também atividades práticas como jogos e elaboração de bebedouros/comedouros para aves com garrafas PETS. Através do resultado das analises dos formulários e relatos de experiência pode-se verificar que as atividades contribuíram para uma aprendizagem significativa dos alunos na construção de conhecimento sobre as aves da caatinga e práticas de Educação Ambiental.
Interações educativas de caráter socioambiental em um bairro de São Carlos (SP): as/os moradoras/es e a escola
Authors: Vaz Renata Maria Guerreiro Fontoura Costa , Brito Marcel , Silva José Victor da , Logarezzi Amadeu José Montagnini , Figueiredo Rodolfo Antônio de
Published: June 2019

a fim de promover processos de ensino-aprendizagem entre educadoras/es de uma universidade, moradoras/es de um bairro e comunidade de uma escola municipal, foram desenvolvidas interações educativas de cunho socioambiental durante o segundo semestre de 2017 entre os referidos grupos. Estas foram feitas com base, principalmente, no referencial teórico da aprendizagem dialógica, alicerçado nas obras de Paulo Freire e de Jürgen Habermas. Foi realizada uma roda de conversa com as/os moradores locais, planejamento participativo das atividades junto à direção escolar, atividades na horta escolar e uma roda de conversa entre estudantes indígenas da universidade e professoras/es da unidade de ensino. O exercício do diálogo igualitário foi um dos aprendizados nesse processo, o qual possibilitou a construção de novos conhecimentos com a participação de todas as pessoas envolvidas.
Compostagem de algas arribadas como ferramenta de Educação Ambiental em uma escola pública
Authors: Bastos Layanna de Almeida Gomes , Silva Maria Cristina Basilio Crispim da , Furtado Gil Dutra
Published: June 2019

sexto ano de uma escola pública de Cabedelo-PB utilizando a compostagem de algas arribadas. A análise foi realizada avaliando a percepção ambiental pela aplicação de questionários em dois momentos: no contato inicial e após uma sensibilização ambiental. Essa sensibilização ocorreu de maneiras diferentes nos grupos: teórica (palestra); e prática (compostagem e horta). Foi possível observar que houve uma melhoria na percepção dos problemas ambientais e maior abrangência nos conceitos de Meio Ambiente e EA, especialmente para o grupo que realizou a atividade de forma prática, evidenciando que a compostagem pode ser usada como ferramenta de EA e que seu uso na prática oferece resultados mais substanciais.
Práticas de Educação Ambiental nas aulas de geografia do ensino médio: reciclando velhos hábitos
Authors: Silva Welington Inacio , Oliveira Jully Gabriela Retzlaf de
Published: June 2019

Diante do problemático quadro ambiental planetário, faz-se necessário a realização da Educação Ambiental nas escolas, sendo esta o processo que consiste em proporcionar às pessoas uma compreensão crítica e global do ambiente. Este trabalho teve por objetivo discutir a Educação Ambiental e seu desenvolvimento nas aulas de Geografia, em específico apresentar práticas de Educação Ambiental realizadas nas aulas de Geografia do Ensino Médio. Metodologicamente, este artigo foi estruturado da seguinte forma: 1) análise e discussão teórica de autores e literaturas especializadas no assunto; 2) seleção de práticas de ensino de Educação Ambiental; 3) aplicação das práticas; e 4) apresentação e análise das práticas de ensino. A abordagem da Educação Ambiental nas aulas de Geografia compreendeu aulas expositivas e oficinas para trabalhar a Educação Ambiental, sendo elas: 1) Puff com caixa de leite; 2) Puff com pneu; 3) Artesanato com matérias recicláveis; e 4) Jardim suspenso com pallet, garrafa pet e pneu.
NEW POLYMERIC COMPOSITES BASED ON EPOXY RESIN WITH TECHOGENIC WASTES
Authors: Шарапов О. , Sharapov Oleg , Кирюшина Н. , Kiryushina Natal'ya , Шунькин Н. , Shun'kin N , Сорокин В. , Sorokin V
Published: June 2019

The microstructure of gas silicate wastes is investigated. It is established, differences in particle size distribution affect rheology, abrasivity, abrasion resistance and material strength. The kinetics of polymerization of epoxy binders in the initial and filled samples is investigated: filler particles prevent the crosslinking of polymer molecules, breaking the bulk structure of the polymer matrix. As a result of research, the possibility of directional regulation of the physicomechanical properties of epoxy com-posites due to the introduction of dispersed fillers is shown, giving the binder complexes higher physi-comechanical properties, which expands the areas of their application in most industries. The theoret-ical justification is that the thermal parameters of the filler are much lower than the parameters of the main raw material. At the same time, the porosity of the filler material due to its own pores and heter-ogeneous materials formed during mixing gives the effect of thermal energy absorption, which ulti-mately leads to an increase in the thermal resistance of the samples and a slight decrease in the ther-mal conductivity coefficient.
Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik Pada Anak Penderita Bronkopneumonia Di Rumah Sakit Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah Periode 2017
Authors: Alaydrus Syafika
Published: June 2019

Bronkopneumonia adalah radang paru yang berasal dari cabang-cabang tenggorakan yang mengalami infeksi dan tersumbat oleh getah radang, sehingga menimbulkan pemadatan-pemadatan bergerombol dalam lobolus paru yang berdekatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  mengetahui penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien anak penderita penyakit Broncopneumonia di Rumah Sakit  Periode Januari-juni 2017. Penelitian ini bersifat observasional menggunakan rancangan cross-sectional,  subyek penelitian adalah pasien anak yang menderita Bronkopnemonia,  metode pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling, jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini dihitung menggunakan rumus slovin, hasil prhitungan didapatkan jumlah sampel sebanyak 35 sampel.  Analisis data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara mencatat hasil diagnosis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa evaluasi penggunaan antibiotik berdasarkan tepat indikasi nilainya 100%, tepat obat nilainya 100%, tepat pasien 100%  dan tepat dosis nilainya 100%. Pemberian antibiotik lebih mengutamakan antibiotik golongan sefalosporin generasi ketiga yaitu Cefadroxil (14,29%), cefotaxime (45,24%), cefixime (21,43%) dan ceftriaxone (19,04%).Bronkopneumonia adalah radang paru yang berasal dari cabang-cabang tenggorakan yang mengalami infeksi dan tersumbat oleh getah radang, sehingga menimbulkan pemadatan-pemadatan bergerombol dalam lobolus paru yang berdekatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  mengetahui penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien anak penderita penyakit Broncopneumonia di Rumah Sakit  Periode Januari-juni 2017. Penelitian ini bersifat observasional menggunakan rancangan cross-sectional,  subyek penelitian adalah pasien anak yang menderita Bronkopnemonia,  metode pengambilan sampel adalah purposive sampling, jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini dihitung menggunakan rumus slovin, hasil prhitungan didapatkan jumlah sampel sebanyak 35 sampel.  Analisis data dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan cara mencatat hasil diagnosis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa evaluasi penggunaan antibiotik berdasarkan tepat indikasi nilainya 100%, tepat obat nilainya 100%, tepat pasien 100%  dan tepat dosis nilainya 100%. Pemberian antibiotik lebih mengutamakan antibiotik golongan sefalosporin generasi ketiga yaitu Cefadroxil (14,29%), cefotaxime (45,24%), cefixime (21,43%) dan ceftriaxone (19,04%).