bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving Surgical Scene Semantic Segmentation through a Deep Learning Architecture with Attention to Class Imbalance
Authors: Urrea Claudio , Garcia-Garcia Yainet , Kern John
Published: June 2024

This article addresses the semantic segmentation of laparoscopic surgery images, placing special emphasis on the segmentation of structures with a smaller number of observations. As a result of this study, adjustment parameters are proposed for deep neural network architectures, enabling a robust segmentation of all structures in the surgical scene. The U-Net architecture with five encoder–decoders (U-Net5ed), SegNet-VGG19, and DeepLabv3+ employing different backbones are implemented. Three main experiments are conducted, working with Rectified Linear Unit (ReLU), Gaussian Error Linear Unit (GELU), and Swish activation functions. The applied loss functions include Cross Entropy (CE), Focal Loss (FL), Tversky Loss (TL), Dice Loss (DiL), Cross Entropy Dice Loss (CEDL), and Cross Entropy Tversky Loss (CETL). The performance of Stochastic Gradient Descent with momentum (SGDM) and Adaptive Moment Estimation (Adam) optimizers is compared. It is qualitatively and quantitatively confirmed that DeepLabv3+ and U-Net5ed architectures yield the best results. The DeepLabv3+ architecture with the ResNet-50 backbone, Swish activation function, and CETL loss function reports a Mean Accuracy (MAcc) of 0.976 and Mean Intersection over Union (MIoU) of 0.977. The semantic segmentation of structures with a smaller number of observations, such as the hepatic vein, cystic duct, Liver Ligament, and blood, verifies that the obtained results are very competitive and promising compared to the consulted literature. The proposed selected parameters were validated in the YOLOv9 architecture, which showed an improvement in semantic segmentation compared to the results obtained with the original architecture.
The Multifaceted Nature of Macrophages in Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Li Cindy X. , Yue Lixia
Published: June 2024

As the leading cause of mortality worldwide, cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents a variety of heart diseases and vascular disorders, including atherosclerosis, aneurysm, ischemic injury in the heart and brain, arrythmias, and heart failure. Macrophages, a diverse population of immune cells that can promote or suppress inflammation, have been increasingly recognized as a key regulator in various processes in both healthy and disease states. In healthy conditions, these cells promote the proper clearance of cellular debris, dead and dying cells, and provide a strong innate immune barrier to foreign pathogens. However, macrophages can play a detrimental role in the progression of disease as well, particularly those inflammatory in nature. This review will focus on the current knowledge regarding the role of macrophages in cardiovascular diseases.
Compositional Consequences of Ultrafiltration Treatment of White and Red Wines
Authors: Angela Stephanie , Wollan David , Muhlack Richard , Bindon Keren , Wilkinson Kerry
Published: June 2024

Clarification and stabilisation processes are routinely performed post-fermentation to ‘finish’ wines, but traditional methods are slow and energy intensive, create waste, and can affect wine volume and quality. New methods that ‘finish’ wine rapidly, with higher recovery rates, and reduced waste and input costs, are therefore needed. Ultrafiltration is a separation process that fractionates liquids, nominally, according to molecular weight. By comparing the composition of permeate and retentate derived from pilot-scale fractionation of white and red wine using 75, 20, or 10 kDa membranes and different degrees of permeation (50, 80, 90, or 95%), this study sought to evaluate ultrafiltration as an innovative approach to the clarification and stabilisation of wine. Mass balance analysis confirmed that titratable acidity and alcohol were fractionated according to the degree of permeation; however, proteins, polysaccharides, and phenolic compounds (including anthocyanins for red wine) were concentrated in retentate due both to the membrane molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) specifications and degree of permeation. The retention of wine constituents smaller than the nominal MWCO suggests that interaction with other macromolecules or the membrane surface occurred. Red wine permeates were stripped of much of their essential character and were no longer considered commercially acceptable. In contrast, the removal of protein and phenolic compounds from white wine demonstrated the potential for ultrafiltration to remediate heat unstable or excessively phenolic wines. Findings enabled the identification of other winemaking applications of ultrafiltration technology that could enhance wine quality, process efficiency, and profitability.
Bed Stability Control in Pulsed Fluidized-Bed Agglomeration of Instant Riceberry Powder Using an Image-Processing Technique
Authors: Duangkhamchan Wasan , Chupawa Prarin , Kondo Naoshi , Jaisut Donludee
Published: June 2024

The problematic cohesiveness of food powders can commonly be solved using pulsed fluidized-bed agglomeration. However, progressively larger granules may result in unstable fluidization. The aims of this research study were to investigate fluid bed expansion as affected by particle enlargement and to control its stability using an image-processing technique. Instant riceberry powder (IRP) was agglomerated using varied air pulsation frequencies (1, 2.5, and 4 Hz). Bed expansion captured by image processing revealed that expanded bed height decreased with agglomeration time. The results showed an enlargement of agglomerated IRP, expressed in D10, D50, and D90, with narrower distribution presented by span, and an improvement in bulk and reconstitution properties. The reduced Carr index (22–27%) and Hausner ratio (1.28–1.38) presented fair flowability and intermediate cohesiveness, respectively. Additionally, airflow during agglomerate growth was progressively adjusted using the image-processing method to enhance bed hydrodynamic stability, leading to improved process efficiency and product quality. This proposed approach has potential applications in the food powder manufacturing industry, particularly by enhancing the fluidization of cohesive particles with cracks and channels.
Adaptive Conformal Inference for Computing Market Risk Measures: An Analysis with Four Thousand Crypto-Assets
Authors: Fantazzini Dean
Published: June 2024

This paper investigates the estimation of the value at risk (VaR) across various probability levels for the log-returns of a comprehensive dataset comprising four thousand crypto-assets. Employing four recently introduced adaptive conformal inference (ACI) algorithms, we aim to provide robust uncertainty estimates crucial for effective risk management in financial markets. We contrast the performance of these ACI algorithms with that of traditional benchmark models, including GARCH models and daily range models. Despite the substantial volatility observed in the majority of crypto-assets, our findings indicate that ACI algorithms exhibit notable efficacy. In contrast, daily range models, and to a lesser extent, GARCH models, encounter challenges related to numerical convergence issues and structural breaks. Among the ACI algorithms, Fully Adaptive Conformal Inference (FACI) and Scale-Free Online Gradient Descent (SF-OGD) stand out for their ability to provide precise VaR estimates across all quantiles examined. Conversely, Aggregated Adaptive Conformal Inference (AgACI) and Strongly Adaptive Online Conformal Prediction (SAOCP) demonstrate proficiency in estimating VaR for extreme quantiles but tend to be overly conservative for higher probability levels. These conclusions withstand robustness checks encompassing the market capitalization of crypto-assets, time-series size, and different forecasting methods for asset log-returns. This study underscores the promise of ACI algorithms in enhancing risk assessment practices in the context of volatile and dynamic crypto-asset markets.
Influence of Interaction between Microcracks and Macrocracks on Crack Propagation of Asphalt Concrete
Authors: Du Jianhuan , Wang Jingang , Fu Zhu
Published: June 2024

This paper aims to reveal the interaction relationship between microcracks and macrocracks and the influence of the interaction on the crack propagation behavior. A theoretical model of asphalt concrete was established for the interaction between microcracks with different crack densities and a macrocrack. And a meso-structure model of AC-13 dense-graded asphalt concrete was established by combining the Talyor medium method and the DEM (discrete element method). Macro and micro parameters, such as the stress–strain characteristics, crack evolution parameters, and crack tip stress field, were obtained through a semi-circular bend virtual test and used to study the characteristics of crack propagation under the interaction between microcracks and the macrocrack. The results indicate that the interaction has an effect throughout the process of asphalt concrete damage, and shows shielding and acceleration effects as the microcrack density changes. When the microcrack density is low (f3 ≤ 0.8), the crack propagation process, which is affected by the interaction effect, exhibits significant differences, and the interaction effect shows the shielding effect. When the microcrack density is high (f3 > 0.8), the fracture stage is mainly affected by the interaction effect, which shows the acceleration effect. The results provide a predictive theoretical and numerical model for low-temperature cracking of asphalt pavement, and theoretical support for the design, maintenance, and upkeep of long-life pavement.
Gaussian Graphical Model Estimation and Selection for High-Dimensional Incomplete Data Using Multiple Imputation and Horseshoe Estimators
Authors: Zhang Yunxi , Kim Soeun
Published: June 2024

Gaussian graphical models have been widely used to measure the association networks for high-dimensional data; however, most existing methods assume fully observed data. In practice, missing values are inevitable in high-dimensional data and should be handled carefully. Under the Bayesian framework, we propose a regression-based approach to estimating sparse precision matrix for high-dimensional incomplete data. The proposed approach nests multiple imputation and precision matrix estimation with horseshoe estimators in a combined Gibbs sampling process. For fast and efficient selection using horseshoe priors, a post-iteration 2-means clustering strategy is employed. Through extensive simulations, we show the predominant selection and estimation performance of our approach compared to several prevalent methods. We further demonstrate the proposed approach to incomplete genetics data compared to alternative methods applied to completed data.
A Linear Stabilized Incompressible Magnetohydrodynamic Problem with Magnetic Pressure
Authors: Hussain Shahid , Bakhet Ahmed , AlNemer Ghada , Zakarya Mohammed
Published: June 2024

The objective of this article is to examine, stabilize, and linearize the incompressible magnetohydrodynamic model equations. The approximate solutions are carried out through the lowest equal order mixed finite element (FE) approach, involving variables such as fluid velocity, hydro pressure, magnetic field, and magnetic pressure. The formulation of the variational form for the approximate solution necessitates the use of a pair of approximating spaces. However, these spaces cannot be arbitrarily chosen; they must adhere to strict stability conditions, notably the Ladyzhenskaya–Babuska–Brezzi (LBB) or inf-sup condition. This study addresses the absence of stabilization and linearization techniques in the incompressible magnetohydrodynamic model equations using the lowest equal order mixed finite element approach. The article introduces a stabilization technique to meet two stability conditions, proving its existence and uniqueness. This novel approach was not previously explored in the literature. The proposed stabilized technique does not necessitate parameters or computing higher-order derivatives, making it computationally efficient. The study offers numerical tests demonstrating optimal convergence and effectiveness of the revised approach in two-dimensional settings.
Development of a Mathematical Model of Operation Reliability of Mine Hoisting Plants
Authors: Shishkin Pavel V. , Malozyomov Boris V. , Martyushev Nikita V. , Sorokova Svetlana N. , Efremenkov Egor A. , Valuev Denis V. , Qi Mengxu
Published: June 2024

The work analyzes the performance assurance of mine hoisting machines, including the problem of the quality of performance of the functions. The quality of functioning allows evaluation of a set of properties of the process of lifting loads, designed to meet the given requirements in accordance with the purpose and evaluated performance indicators. In this case, the quality of the function depends not only on the elements that worked properly or failed during system functioning but also on the moments involving certain changes in the states of the system. The considered system of power supply of mine hoisting installations is rather complex with respect to reliability. The proposed approach allows this rather complex system to lead in terms of the form of a serial connection of elements, allowing for determining the influence of the functioning of its subsystems and electrical equipment on the technological process of cargo lifting in a coal mine. The presented mathematical concept of increasing the reliability and failure-free operation of mine hoisting plants with the help of the developed mathematical model of the mine hoisting plant allowed studying the reliability indicators of the hoisting plant operation and reserving the equipment most effectively to increase reliability. The determination of coupling coefficients in this study made it possible to analyze the impact of the reliability of electrical equipment and power supply systems on the operation of technological machines to improve the reliability of mining equipment and the efficiency of technical systems of mining equipment.
Gut Microbiota Fermentation of Digested Almond–Psyllium–Flax Seed-Based Artisan Bread Promotes Mediterranean Diet-Resembling Microbial Community
Authors: Sprague Kourtney L. , Rajakaruna Sumudu , Bandow Brant , Burchat Natalie , Bottomley Michael , Sampath Harini , Paliy Oleg
Published: June 2024

Different modifications of the standard bread recipe have been proposed to improve its nutritional and health benefits. Here, we utilized the in vitro Human Gut Simulator (HGS) to assess the fermentation of one such artisan bread by human gut microbiota. Dried and milled bread, composed of almond flour, psyllium husks, and flax seeds as its three main ingredients, was first subjected to an in vitro protocol designed to mimic human oro-gastro-intestinal digestion. The bread digest was then supplied to complex human gut microbial communities, replacing the typical Western diet-based medium (WM) of the GHS system. Switching the medium from WM to bread digest resulted in statistically significant alterations in the community structure, encoded functions, produced short-chain fatty acids, and available antioxidants. The abundances of dietary fiber degraders Enterocloster, Mitsuokella, and Prevotella increased; levels of Gemmiger, Faecalibacterium, and Blautia decreased. These community alterations resembled the previously revealed differences in the distal gut microbiota of healthy human subjects consuming typical Mediterranean vs. Western-pattern diets. Therefore, the consumption of bread high in dietary fiber and unsaturated fatty acids might recapitulate the beneficial effects of the Mediterranean diet on the gut microbiota.
The Effects of Exogenous Benzoic Acid on the Physicochemical Properties, Enzyme Activities and Microbial Community Structures of Perilla frutescens Inter-Root Soil
Authors: Xue Tongtong , Fang Yuxin , Li Hui , Li Mengsha , Li Chongwei
Published: June 2024

This study analyzed the effects of benzoic acid (BA) on the physicochemical properties and microbial community structure of perilla rhizosphere soil. The analysis was based on high-throughput sequencing technology and physiological and biochemical detection. The results showed that with the increase in BA concentration, soil pH significantly decreased, while the contents of total nitrogen (TN), alkaline nitrogen (AN), available phosphorus (AP), and available potassium (AK) significantly increased. The activities of soil conversion enzymes urease and phosphatase significantly increased, but the activities of catalase and peroxidase significantly decreased. This indicates that BA can increase soil enzyme activity and improve nutrient conversion; the addition of BA significantly altered the composition and diversity of soil bacterial and fungal communities. The relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Gemmatimonas, Pseudolabrys, and Bradyrhizobium decreased significantly, while the relative abundance of harmful fungi such as Pseudogymnoascus, Pseudoeurotium, and Talaromyces increased significantly. Correlation analysis shows that AP, AN, and TN are the main physicochemical factors affecting the structure of soil microbial communities. This study elucidates the effects of BA on the physicochemical properties and microbial community structure of perilla soil, and preliminarily reveals the mechanism of its allelopathic effect on the growth of perilla.
Enhancement of Ni-NiO-CeO2 Interaction on Ni–CeO2/Al2O3-MgO Catalyst by Ammonia Vapor Diffusion Impregnation for CO2 Reforming of CH4
Authors: Tungkamani Sabaithip , Intarasiri Saowaluk , Sumarasingha Wassachol , Ratana Tanakorn , Phongaksorn Monrudee
Published: June 2024

Ni-based catalysts have been widely used for the CO2 reforming of methane (CRM) process, but deactivation is their main problem. This study created an alternative electronic Ni-NiO-CeO2 interaction on the surface of 5 wt% Ni-5 wt% CeO2/Al2O3-MgO (5Ni5Ce(xh)/MA) catalysts to enhance catalytic potential simultaneously with coke resistance for the CRM process. The Ni-NiO-CeO2 network was developed on Al2O3-MgO through layered double hydroxide synthesis via our ammonia vapor diffusion impregnation method. The physical properties of the fresh catalysts were analyzed employing FESEM, N2 physisorption, and XRD. The chemical properties on the catalyst surface were analyzed employing H2-TPR, XPS, H2-TPD, CO2-TPD, and O2-TPD. The CRM performances of reduced catalysts were evaluated at 600 °C under ambient pressure. Carbon deposits on spent catalysts were determined quantitatively and qualitatively by TPO, FESEM, and XRD. Compared to 5 wt% Ni-5 wt% CeO2/Al2O3-MgO prepared by the traditional impregnation method, the electronic interaction of the Ni-NiO-CeO2 network with the Al2O3-MgO support was constructed along the time of ammonia diffusion treatment. The electronic interaction in the Ni-NiO-CeO2 nanostructure of the treated catalyst develops surface hydroxyl sites with an efficient pathway of OH* and O* transfer that improves catalytic activities and coke oxidation.
Wavelength Division Multiplexing-Based High-Sensitivity Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging Biosensor for High-Throughput Real-Time Molecular Interaction Analysis
Authors: Niu Zhenxiao , Du Hao , Ma Lin , Zhou Jie , Yuan Zhengqiang , Sun Ronghui , Liu Guanyu , Zhang Fangteng , Zeng Youjun
Published: June 2024

In this study, we report the successful development of a novel high-sensitivity intensity-based Surface Plasmon Resonance imaging (SPRi) biosensor and its application for detecting molecular interactions. By optimizing the excitation wavelength and employing a wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) algorithm, the system can determine the optimal excitation wavelength based on the initial refractive index of the sample without adjusting the incidence angle. The experimental results demonstrate that the refractive index resolution of the system reaches 1.77×10−6 RIU. Moreover, it can obtain the optimal excitation wavelength for samples with an initial refractive index in the range of 1.333 to 1.370 RIU and accurately monitor variations within the range of 0.0037 RIU without adjusting the incidence angle. Additionally, our new SPRi technique realized real-time detection of high-throughput biomolecular binding processes, enabling analysis of kinetic parameters. This research is expected to advance the development of more accurate SPRi technologies for molecular interaction analysis.
Scaffold-Hopping Strategies in Aurone Optimization: A Comprehensive Review of Synthetic Procedures and Biological Activities of Nitrogen and Sulfur Analogues
Authors: La Monica Gabriele , Alamia Federica , Bono Alessia , Lauria Antonino , Martorana Annamaria
Published: June 2024

Aurones, particular polyphenolic compounds belonging to the class of minor flavonoids and overlooked for a long time, have gained significative attention in medicinal chemistry in recent years. Indeed, considering their unique and outstanding biological properties, they stand out as an intriguing reservoir of new potential lead compounds in the drug discovery context. Nevertheless, several physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic (P3) issues hinder their progression in more advanced phases of the drug discovery pipeline, making lead optimization campaigns necessary. In this context, scaffold hopping has proven to be a valuable approach in the optimization of natural products. This review provides a comprehensive and updated picture of the scaffold-hopping approaches directed at the optimization of natural and synthetic aurones. In the literature analysis, a particular focus is given to nitrogen and sulfur analogues. For each class presented, general synthetic procedures are summarized, highlighting the key advantages and potential issues. Furthermore, the biological activities of the most representative scaffold-hopped compounds are presented, emphasizing the improvements achieved and the potential for further optimization compared to the aurone class.
Ligand Screening of Membrane Proteins Embedded in Nanodiscs: How to Manage Non-Specific Interactions in Weak Affinity Chromatography?
Authors: Vidal François-Xavier , Deloche Adrien , Zeder-Lutz Gabrielle , Hideux Maria , Wagner Renaud , Dugas Vincent , Demesmay Claire
Published: June 2024

Miniaturized weak affinity chromatography is emerging as an interesting alternative to conventional biophysical tools for performing fragment-screening studies in the context of fragment-based drug discovery. In order to push back the analytical limits, it is necessary not only to control non-specific interactions with chromatographic support, but also to adapt this methodology by comparing the results obtained on an affinity column to a control column. The work presented in this study focused on fragment screening that targets a model membrane protein, the adenosine A2A receptor, embedded in nanodiscs (NDs) as biomimetic membranes. By studying the retention behavior of test fragment mixtures on supports modified with different types of NDs, we were able to determine the contribution of ND-related non-specific interactions, in particular the electrostatic effect of anionic phospholipids and the hydrophobic effect of neutral phospholipids. Different strategies for the preparation of control columns (empty NDs, orthosteric site blocking) were investigated and are presented for the first time. With these two types of control columns, the screening enabled the identification of two new fragments of AA2AR, which were confirmed by competition experiments and whose Kd values, estimated directly during the screening or after the competition experiments in frontal mode, were in good agreement.
Exploring Tau Fibril-Disaggregating and Antioxidating Molecules Binding to Membrane-Bound Amyloid Oligomers Using Machine Learning-Enhanced Docking and Molecular Dynamics
Authors: Segura Luthary , Santos Natalia , Flores Rafael , Sikazwe Donald , McGibbon Miles , Blay Vincent , Cheng Kwan H.
Published: June 2024

Intracellular tau fibrils are sources of neurotoxicity and oxidative stress in Alzheimer’s. Current drug discovery efforts have focused on molecules with tau fibril disaggregation and antioxidation functions. However, recent studies suggest that membrane-bound tau-containing oligomers (mTCOs), smaller and less ordered than tau fibrils, are neurotoxic in the early stage of Alzheimer’s. Whether tau fibril-targeting molecules are effective against mTCOs is unknown. The binding of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), CNS-11, and BHT-CNS-11 to in silico mTCOs and experimental tau fibrils was investigated using machine learning-enhanced docking and molecular dynamics simulations. EGCG and CNS-11 have tau fibril disaggregation functions, while the proposed BHT-CNS-11 has potential tau fibril disaggregation and antioxidation functions like EGCG. Our results suggest that the three molecules studied may also bind to mTCOs. The predicted binding probability of EGCG to mTCOs increases with the protein aggregate size. In contrast, the predicted probability of CNS-11 and BHT-CNS-11 binding to the dimeric mTCOs is higher than binding to the tetrameric mTCOs for the homo tau but not for the hetero tau–amylin oligomers. Our results also support the idea that anionic lipids may promote the binding of molecules to mTCOs. We conclude that tau fibril-disaggregating and antioxidating molecules may bind to mTCOs, and that mTCOs may also be useful targets for Alzheimer’s drug design.
Distriformer: Research on a Distributed Training Rockburst Prediction Method
Authors: Zhang Yu , Fang Kongyi , Guo Zhengjia
Published: June 2024

The precise forecasting of rockburst is fundamental for safeguarding human lives and property, upholding national energy security, and protecting social welfare. Traditional methods for predicting rockburst suffer from poor accuracy and extended model training durations. This paper proposes a distributed training rockburst prediction method called Distriformer, which uses deep learning technology combined with distributed training methods to predict rockburst. To assess the efficacy of the Distriformer rockburst model proposed herein, five datasets were used to compare the proposed method with Transformer and Informer. The experimental results indicate that, compared with Transformer, the proposed method reduces the mean absolute error by 44.4% and the root mean square error by 30.7% on average. In terms of training time, the proposed method achieves an average accelaration ratio of 1.72. The Distriformer rockburst model enhances the accuracy of rockburst prediction, reduces training time, and serves as a reference for development of subsequent real-time prediction models for extensive rockburst data.
Extracts of Senecio brasiliensis and Solanum viarum as Potential Antifungal and Bioherbicidal Agents
Authors: Confortin Tassia C. , Todero Izelmar , Luft Luciana , Schmaltz Silvana , Wancura João H. C. , dos Santos Maicon S. N. , Brun Thiarles , Mazutti Marcio A. , Zabot Giovani L. , Draszewski Crisleine P. , Abaide Ederson R. , Tres Marcus V.
Published: June 2024

Ultrasound-assisted extraction is an interesting tool for obtaining bioactive compounds from plant matrices applicable as agricultural bio-inputs, as it increases the extraction efficiency, reducing the process time and the use of solvents. This technique uses ultrasonic waves to break down plant cell walls, releasing bioactive compounds quickly and effectively and promoting a sustainable path to obtaining bio-inputs. Accordingly, this research study reports pioneering results regarding the herbicidal and fungicidal potential of different extracts obtained from Senecio brasiliensis (samples from flowers, leaves, and stalks) and Solanum viarum (samples from fruits and roots), two weeds typically found in rural areas of South America. The fungicidal activity of the samples was tested on two fungi, i.e., Fusarium graminearum and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, while the herbicidal action of the extracts was evaluated in pre-emergence tests in cucumber (Cucumis sativus) seeds. The successful results indicated a high antifungal and herbicidal potential of the extracts obtained for both weeds, with the inhibitory effect against both fungi achieving up to 82%, and the inhibition of C. sativus seed germination reaching 100% for all samples.
Hydrometallurgical Processing of a Low-Grade Sulfide Copper–Nickel Ore Containing Pt and Pd
Authors: Latyuk Elena , Goryachev Andrey , Melamud Vitaliy , Bulaev Aleksandr
Published: June 2024

The goal of the present work was to study the recovery of copper, nickel, and platinum group metals (PGMs) (Pt and Pd) from low-grade copper–nickel ore containing pyrrhotite, pentlandite, and chalcopyrite by column bioleaching followed by cyanidation. The ore sample contained the following: Ni—0.74%, Cu—0.23%, Fe—14.8%, Stotal—8.1%, and Ssulfide—7.8%. The Pt and Pd contents in the ore sample were 0.2535 and 0.515 g/t, respectively. Biological leaching in columns was carried out at 25, 35, and 45 °C for 140 days. A mixed culture of acidophilic microorganisms was used as an inoculum. Cu and Ni extraction depended on temperature, and at 45 °C, copper and nickel recovery was the highest, being 2.1 and 1.8 times higher than that at 25 °C, respectively. As a result, up to 35% of nickel and up to 10% of copper were recovered by bioleaching within 140 days. Bioleaching resulted in an increase in Pt and Pd recovery by cyanidation, but the effect on Pd recovery was insignificant. Pt recovery varied in the range of 3–40% depending on process conditions; Pd recovery was 44–55%.
Acoustic Effects of Uneven Polymeric Layers on Tunable SAW Oscillators
Authors: Nicolae Ionut , Bojan Mihaela , Viespe Cristian
Published: June 2024

Surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors in tunable oscillator configuration, with a deposited polymeric layer, were used to investigate the layer’s impact on the oscillator’s resonant frequency. The SAW oscillators were tuned by means of variable loop amplification. Full-range amplification variation led to a resonant frequency increase of ~1.7 MHz due to the layer’s nonlinear reaction. The layer’s morphology and location resulted in a specific resonant frequency–amplitude dependence. Five types of layers were used to test the causal linkage between the layers’ morphological parameters or positioning and the SAW oscillator’s resonant frequency. The frequency variation trend is almost linear, with a complex minute variation. Small amplitude sigmoids occur at certain attenuation values, due to layer acoustic resonances. Multiple sigmoids were linked with layer resonances of different orders. A good correlation between the layer’s thickness and resonance position was found.
Is It Both Sufficient and Necessary to Disclose Environmental Information Regarding the Origin on Consumer Purchases?
Authors: Xiang Pingan , Liu Zhizhen
Published: June 2024

Investigating the correlation between information disclosure and consumers’ purchasing decisions is crucial for comprehending consumer behavior mechanisms and stimulating their buying behavior. Drawing upon signaling theory and the “stimulus-organism-response” (S-O-R) model, this research leverages questionnaire responses from 338 consumers. It utilizes Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to investigate the influence and fundamental mechanisms of environmental information disclosure, consumer trust (competence, benevolence, and integrity), and online purchase intention of green agricultural products. The antecedents required for online purchase intention are identified through the Necessary Condition Analysis (NCA). This research shows that the disclosure of environmental information regarding the origins of green agricultural products positively impacts the purchase intention, with competence trust and benevolence trust being identified as playing intermediary roles in this relationship, while integrity trust does not play a significant mediating role. The disclosure of environmental information about a product’s origin is a necessary condition influencing consumers’ purchasing decisions. Merchants are encouraged to proactively disclose more environmental information regarding green agricultural products and advised to focus on maintaining competence trust and benevolence trust to enhance consumers’ purchase intentions, thereby fostering the advancement of green consumption.
What is the gift of spiritual direction for women going through a season of dissidence, of deconstruction and reconstruction of faith?
Authors:   , Connolly Susannah
Published: June 2024

My study revealed the devastating experience of women in a Christian setting asking questions, being treated like second class citizens. These women spoke of Spiritual Direction as a life saving companionship. I discovered the deep sense of betrayal, trauma and post traumatic religious trauma within these women’s lives. The gift Spiritual Direction was and is became 100% clear to me in hearing these womens’ voices. They need to be heard.
Dietary intake and risk of Diabetes: a Study in Bengalee young adult females
Authors: Bardhan Sweety , Mondal Sambaran , Mukherjee Shankarashis
Published: June 2024

The rate of diabetes is increasing alarmingly across the globe irrespective of age, sex and like and India is not an exception. Recently, dietary intake has received great attention as a modifiable risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this backdrop an attempt has been made to find out the relationship of dietary intake pattern with various indicators of T2DM. The risk of developing T2DM of 36 consented Bengalee young adult individuals aged between 18-24y, residing in and around Kolkata, were assessed anthropometrically and also by using Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS). Dietary intake was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and comparison was made in dietary intake between the risk groups. Corelation of dietary intake and risk of developing T2DM was checked. P<0.05 was considered as significant. 75% of the participants was obese in terms of BMI, 78% had central obesity in-terms of WC and more than 80% of the volunteers had moderate-high risk of T2DM when assessed using IDRS. It has been observed in the present study that consumption of milk and milk products, animal foods, roots and tubers, and fruits was low among high-risk groups. It has also been noticed that intake of energy dense fast food was higher among individual in high-risk group.
Analisis Tingkat Digital Maturity Model Pada UMKM
Authors: Cahyadi Luh Diah Citra Resmi
Published: June 2024

Proses digitalisasi yang dilakukan UMKM masih mengalami beberapa kendala antara lain kurangnya pemahaman dan kemampuan digitalisasi, sumber daya dan permodalan, sehingga penting untuk dilakukan evaluasi terhadap kualitas digitalisasi UMKM. Tanpa evaluasi, akan sulit mengukur derajat digitalisasi. Namun penelitian sebelumnya masih minim mengevaluasi kematangan digitalisasi di Indonesia. Dari sisi digitalisasi, Bank Indonesia menyatakan Bali memiliki kategori digitalisasi Cukup Baik. Namun belum ditemukan penelitian evaluasi mengenai kematangan digitalisasi pada UMKM di Bali. Penelitian ini merupakan solusi pengukuran dan evaluasi DMM pada UMKM di Bali khususnya Kota Denpasar yang menghasilkan model, metode dan kajian pengukuran dan evaluasi DMM di daerah lain. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik simple random sampling yang memperoleh 113 responden UMKM di Kota Denpasar. Data diolah menggunakan K-Means Clustering Model. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 80 UMKM berada pada fase emerging, 1 UMKM berada pada fase progresif, 1 UMKM berada pada fase mapan dan 31 UMKM berada pada fase terdepan.
Pentingnya Sertifikasi Halal dalam Perspektif Etika Bisnis Islam terhadap Produk Makanan Halal
Authors: Mega Oktaviany Mega Oktaviany
Published: June 2024

Halal certification is crucial for consumers, especially Muslim consumers, which is why in Indonesia, there are institutions whose role is to ensure that consumer products, such as food, beverages, and medicines are in accordance with Islamic law, namely the Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) and Badan Pengawas Obat dan Makanan (BPOM). Halal certification not only reflects compliance with Islamic ethical principles, but also builds consumer confidence and supports economic growth based on morals and spirituality. The purpose of this research is to find out how important the inclusion of halal labels on every product circulated by producers. The method used in this research is a qualitative method with systematic literature review technique. The result of this study is the achievement of an increase in producer awareness regarding the importance of halal labels for producers and consumers, so as to achieve a society that is literate in the importance of halal certification.
ORTAOKUL 5. SINIF İNSAN VE ÇEVRE İLİŞKİSİ KONUSUNA YÖNELİK BİLİMSEL KARİKATÜR GELİŞTİRİLMESİ
Authors: Balkız Kalkan Çilem , Çelikler Dilek
Published: June 2024

Bu araştırmanın amacı, 5. sınıf Fen Bilimleri Dersi Öğretim Programı’ndaki Canlılar ve Yaşam konu alanında yer alan İnsan ve Çevre ünitesinin 2. bölümünde olan İnsan ve Çevre İlişkisi konusuna yönelik bilimsel karikatürler geliştirmektir. Araştırmacı tarafından İnsan ve Çevre İlişkisi konusu kapsamında yer alan; çevre, toprak ve erozyon, temiz çevre, çevre kirliliği ve toprak kirliliği, su kirliliği, hava kirliliği, sera etkisi, küresel iklim değişikliği, asit yağmurları, çevre kirliliğini önleme ve çevreyi koruma konularının yer aldığı bir hikâye yazılmıştır. Bilimsel karikatürler, çizimle konu bütünlüğünü sağlayacak şekilde araştırmacı ve karikatüristin ortak çalışması ile yapılmıştır. İçerikteki kavramların uygun, hikâyenin anlaşılır ve uygulanabilir, çizimlerin, konuşmaların ve renklerin anlaşılabilir olması için bir Kimya, bir Türkçe ve iki Fen Bilimleri alan uzmanından görüşler alınarak gelen dönütler doğrultusunda hikâye son haline getirilmiştir. Geliştirilen bilimsel karikatürlerin, bilimsel karikatür ve çevre eğitimi konusunda araştırma yapan araştırmacılar ve öğretmenler için yararlı olacağı düşünülmektedir.
ANALISA KESIAPAN PEMERINTAHAN DAERAH DALAM MEWUJUDKAN SMART VILLAGE
Authors: Hermanto Rohman  , Dina Suryawati  , Anwar  , Agus Suharsono
Published: June 2024

The study was carried out regarding public services, especially opportunities for developing village government innovation through Smart Villages in Jember Regency. The aim of this research is to provide an overview of the results of identifying regional readiness in implementing the Smart Village program and to design a Smart Village model that is in accordance with the results of the village readiness analysis in Jember Regency. The method used in this research is the model-building method, a method intended to produce or develop concepts within the scope of a particular study. Smart village development in Jember Regency needs to pay attention to three levels: enabler, driver and mediator. Important variables include the preparation of regulations and development roadmaps as a reference for service and data integration, as well as the provision of infrastructure using a top-down and bottom-up approach. It is also important to develop an institutional model that involves village government and community participation, as well as increasing human resource capacity which is currently not well structured. Apart from that, it is necessary to develop networks in blank spot areas by involving the Ministry of Communication and Information and collaborating with private providers.
Peran Computer Assited Test dalam Implementasi Penilaian di SD Negeri 005 Palaran
Authors: Utomo Karyo Budi , Azizah Amiril , Pangestu Muhammad Aji
Published: June 2024

This research raises the problem of teachers' difficulties in assessing elementary school units, where it is still inefficient to have to multiply or duplicate questions for the exam, the lack of transparency of grades directly by parents, the hope of class teachers in this case wants to create an application that can help in the assessment process in the education unit with one of them being able to analyze answers and questions so that the teacher automatically knows the level of those who answered correctly and answered incorrectly, then a web-based application called the Computer Assisted Test was created. This application was designed using the PHP and MySql programming languages ??and then tested using the black box method. After that, the publication was carried out publicly using a domain and hosting with the site name https://catpsut.online. With a very good response, they even want this application to be used continuously in their school and hope that it can help and answer the problems experienced by schools, especially SDN 005 Palaran.
Purpose: Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah membantu dalam solusi yang dialami oleh pihak sekolah, baik itu kepala sekolah, guru, murid, dan orang tua dalam sistem penilaian di sekolah terkhusus SD Negeri 005 Palaran
Methodology: Dalam penelitian ini merancang aplikasi Computer Assited Test (CAT) dengan menggunakan pemrograman PHP dan MySql dengan pengujian dengan metode blackbox.
Results: Dalam penelitiani ini tanggapan mulai dari pihak guru kelas VI, siswa, dan orang tua mendapat respon yang sangat bagus bahkan mereka bahkan berterima kasih dengan adanya aplikasi Computer Assited Test ini bisa membnatu dalam memantau akademik anak didik dan guru bisa mengambil kebijakan kebijakan dan dapat memantau akademik pesera didiknya.
Limitations: Dalam penelitian ini akan terus dikembangkan mulai dari pengembangan aplikasi yang berlanjutan.
Contribution: Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi terhadap masalah yang dialami oleh satuan pendidikan SD Negeri 005 Palaran yang dalam aplikasi Computer Assited Test ini bisa diterapkan dan bisa membantu dalam memecahkan masalah tersebut.
Pengaruh Keaktifan Berorganisasi, Prestasi Akademik, Lingkungan Belajar terhadap Kesiapan Kerja Universitas Tangerang
Authors: Labiro Kayla Anugerah Christianty , Widjaja William
Published: June 2024

Purpose: The importance of preparing students to enter the world of work is the main focus of a university. This research highlights XYZ University Tangerang and tries to analyze the factors that influence graduate work readiness. Researchers got 301 respondents from  2018 and 2019 Alumni. The purpose of this research is to analyze whether or not there is an influence between organizational activity, academic achievement, and learning environment on graduates work readiness at XYZ University Tangerang.
Method: Researchers took 192 data who meet the requirements. Data collection used questionnaires and interviews method. The analysis technique used SmartPLS 3 application.
Result: The results of this research shows that student activity and learning in organizations has a positive effect on work readiness of graduates of XYZ University Tangerang meanwhile academic achievement doesn’t have a significant effect on work readiness. Limitation: Researcher have limitations in accessing and contacting respondents.
Contribution: It is hoped that the results of this research will provide valuable insight for universities in Tangerang to improving their quality of education in order to prepare students for work considering how tight the labor competition.
CUTIS VERTICIS GYRATA – KLINIKA, DIAGNOSTIKA, GYDYMAS
Authors: Berškys Ignas
Published: June 2024

Cutis verticis gyrata (CVG) – reta odos patologija, kuri dažniausiai pasireiškia galvos smegenų žievės vingius primenančių klosčių formavimusi skalpo odoje. Naujau­sioje klasifikacijoje CVG suskirstyta į 3 tipus, atsižvel­giant į jiems būdingą odos pakitimų morfologiją ir kitą patologiją. Šio darbo tikslas yra apžvelgti cutis verticis gyrata kliniką, diagnostiką ir gydymą, išanalizavus ak­tualią mokslinę literatūrą. Literatūros analizė atskleidė, jog pirminio esencialinio CVG klinika apsiriboja odos pakitimais, o cutis verticis gyrata protinės negalios ti­pui. Be odos pažeidimų, būdingi ir neuropsichiatriniai ar oftalmologiniai radiniai. Antrinio CVG klinikai bū­dingi odos pažeidimus sukėlusios patologijos požymiai. Diagnostikos tikslas yra nustatyti pakitimus sukėlusią priežastį ir konkretų atvejį priskirti vienam iš CVG tipų. Tam taikomas ištyrimas, galintis apimti anamnezės su­rinkimą, fizinį ištyrimą, odos biopsiją bei laboratorinius ir vaizdinius tyrimus. Gydymo taktikos pasirinkimas priklauso nuo ligos tipo, paciento norų bei pažeidimo laipsnio. Antrinio CVG atveju, gydymo pagrindas yra CVG sukėlusios priežasties korekcija. Visai atvejais bū­tina užtikrinti pažeistos odos higieną. Odos pažeidimus galima koreguoti chirurginėmis priemonėmis ar pasitel­kiant mažiau invazyvias, vietines procedūras.
Teachers' Social And Personality Competencies Effect On Elementary School Students' Tolerance Character Building
Authors: Sunaryati Titin , Fitriyani Fitriyani , Sudarshono Muhamad , Carolin Sri Hartinah Pasha
Published: June 2024

This study aimed to analyse the effect of teacher personality competence and teacher social competence on tolerance character building of public elementary school students in Bekasi Regency. The population in this study amounted to 126 the number of samples studied amounted to 64 people sampling using simple random sampling techniques. The analysis was carried out using SEM (Structural Equating Modeling) analysis with the PLS (Partial Least Square-Sttuctural) model using the help of SmartPLS software version 3.2.9. The results found that teacher personality competence and teacher social competence had a significant effect on student tolerance character building in elementary schools.
Exploring the laboratory-based learning model to improve students' outcomes on Learning for Autism course
Authors: Muhammad Nurul Ashar  , Budiyanto  , Ainin Ima Kurrotun
Published: June 2024

Many courses in higher education require real practice so that students can master the expected skills. Practice through lab-based learning is one that is recommended. The aim of this research is to determine the impact of laboratory-based learning on learning in autism learning courses. This research applies a quantitative research approach with a pre-experimental research design with a one group pre-test post-test design. The research involved twenty-five students taking part in laboratory learning over four meetings. The learning impact is measured from the pre-test and post-test scores which are analyzed non-parametrically using the Wilcoxon Test and a perception questionnaire regarding laboratory-based learning. The Wilcoxon test results show differences in the pre-test and post-test results. This indicates that laboratory-based learning has an impact on student learning outcomes. Furthermore, the results of the questionnaire analysis showed that students enjoyed learning in the laboratory and the majority felt that learning in the laboratory was useful, even though it required longer preparation. The results of this research can be a basis for developing laboratory-based learning models in other courses.
The Genus Distribution of Cubic Graphs and Asymptotic Number of Rooted Cubic Maps with High Genus
Authors: Gao Zhicheng
Published: June 2024

Let $C_{n,g}$ be the number of rooted cubic maps with $2n$ vertices on the orientable surface of genus $g$. We show that the sequence $(C_{n,g}:g\ge 0)$ is asymptotically normal with mean and variance asymptotic to $(1/2)(n-\ln n)$ and $(1/4)\ln n$, respectively. We derive an asymptotic expression for $C_{n,g}$ when $(n-2g)/\ln n$ lies in any closed subinterval of $(0,1)$.Using rotation systems and Bender's theorem about generating functions with fast-growing coefficients, we derive simple asymptotic expressions for the numbers of rooted regular maps, disregarding the genus. In particular, we show that the number of rooted cubic maps with $2n$ vertices, disregarding the genus, is asymptotic to $\frac{3}{\pi}\,n!6^n$.