bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Um estudo sobre o conceito de transmissão gênica na perspectiva materialista histórico-dialética
Authors: Silva ElisaVaz Borges , Pinheiro Regiane Machado de Sousa , Echalar Adda Daniela Lima Figueiredo
Published: February 2024

O estudo da transmissão das características de uma geração para a outra, durante a maior parte da história da humanidade, foi a respeito da hereditariedade. Cientes de que por meio da compreensão do desenvolvimento histórico e contraditório desse conhecimento científico é possível apreender unidades que indicam a integração desse conceito em uma rede conceitual da Biologia, enquanto atividade humana, fundamentamos a pesquisa em tela no estudo histórico e filosófico do conceito de transmissão gênica, sobretudo em suas unidades conceituais, epistemológicas, ontológicas e sócio-históricas, bem como no estabelecimento de relação entre o referido conceito e as principais correntes filosóficas de pensamento da Biologia. Para tanto, adotamos a lógica materialista histórico-dialética (MHD) como base teórico-metodológica, por meio da qual realizamos análises documental e exploratória das produções humanas sobre a temática e as articulamos aos momentos históricos e filosóficos essenciais para a apreensão da gênese e desenvolvimento desse conceito. Concluímos que o processo de construção do conceito de transmissão gênica foi determinado por condições históricas e, portanto, é ideologicamente comprometido. Evidenciamos, ao longo do estudo, um movimento de aproximações, relações e síntese dos elementos essenciais à compreensão da essência do conceito de transmissão gênica.
Richard Owen, o arquétipo de um vilão - evolucionismo nas obras de Richard Owen
Authors: Stefano Waldir
Published: February 2024

Resumo
Richard Owen (1804-1892) é considerado por alguns cronistas como o segundo mais importante naturalista da Era Vitoriana, perdendo apenas para Charles Darwin (1809-1882), porém sua figura por muito tempo permaneceu na obscuridade, assim como seus julgamentos acerca da questão evolutiva. Foi atribuído a Owen o papel de vilão da história natural, taxado como um criacionista, contudo nas últimas décadas historiadores da ciência tem tentado desmitificar a sua figura, lançando luz as suas opiniões quanto a evolução. Com o exame das principais obras de Owen, que atuou sobretudo na disciplina da anatomia comparada, pode-se verificar que suas teorias mudaram ao longo das décadas, sendo que no início da carreira Owen emergiu ligado sobretudo a ideologia funcionalista, passando depois a adotar um aspecto transcendentalista elaborando o conceito de um arquétipo vertebrado inspirado nos preceitos de Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire e dos naturalistas alemães. Contudo, após a publicação de A Origem das Espécies em 1859, Owen que antes cultivava uma posição ambígua quanto a evolução, foi obrigado a expor suas verdadeiras opiniões quanto ao tema. Essa ganha forma em sua hipótese derivativa que preconizava uma sucessão ordenada das formas vivas a luz do arquétipo, todavia tal preceito foi enxergado como antiquado e até confundido com “criacionismo estrito senso” atribuindo a carapuça de fixista a Owen.
Palavras-chave: Owen, Darwin, seleção natural, arquétipo, evolução, paleontologia, anatomia comparada
Abstract
Richard Owen (1804-1892) is considered by some chroniclers as the second most important naturalist of the Victorian Era, second only to Charles Darwin (1809-1882), but his figure for a long time remained in obscurity, as well as his judgments on the evolutionary issue. Owen was assigned the role of villain in natural history, labeled as an antiquated creationist with a retrograde personality, but in recent decades science historians have tried to demystify his figure, shedding light on his views on evolution. By examining the main works of Owen, who worked mainly in the discipline of comparative anatomy, his theories have changed over the decades, and at the beginning of his career Owen emerged mainly linked to the functionalist ideology, later adopting a transcendentalist aspect defending the concept of a vertebrate archetype inspired by the precepts of Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire and the German naturalists. However, after the publication of The Origin of Species in 1859, Owen, who previously cultivated an ambiguous position regarding the evolutionary phenomenon, is obliged to expose his true opinions on the subject. This takes shape in his derivative hypothesis that advocated an orderly succession of living forms in the light of the archetype, however this precept was seen as outdated and even confused with “strict sense creationism” attributing the fixist shell to Owen.
Keywords: Owen, Darwin, natural selection, archetype, evolution, paleontology, comparative anatomy
Computer-based Learning Model in Early Schools During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Rural Areas
Authors: Kmurawak Remuz MB , Setyaningsih Diana , Tokoro Yokelin , Inggaber Mamberuman , Sampebua Mingsep Rante
Published: February 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected many aspects of life. In education, the conventional learning process has drastically changed to online. Schools with good resources and infrastructure, of course, can quickly adapt. However, schools with limited infrastructure, as well as low teacher skills, are a challenge. This research is to study the implementation of e-learning in online kindergarten classes from the existing conditions, challenges, and learning strategies that will be applied in PAUD schools in Jayapura City. The results of this study can be used as a reference in making decisions for implementing more effective online learning at the PAUD level. To gather data, a survey was conducted among 20 kindergarten and early childhood teaching staff in Jayapura City using a combination of methods, including contacting the schools, WhatsApp, and Google Forms. The findings reveal that the kindergarten-level teaching staff are predominantly women, aged between 24 and 54 years, with the majority falling within the age range of 35-53 years. The study also highlights the importance of e-learning in the current pandemic, as it enables teachers to document the educational process, remain organized, and provide more effective support to students amid distance restrictions and other challenges. The study results show that e-learning is essential to be prepared, especially during a pandemic. The willingness to engage in e-learning can help teachers document the educational process, be more organized, and be more helpful to students amid distance restrictions and other effects. However, teachers still need training to improve skills related to digital literacy. The training is more on multimedia to support learning and create exciting learning content with Multimedia.
Employing “Issue” and “Number” in the enumeration of scientific journal releases: A brief analysis of foreign practice
Authors: Loskutova T. A.
Published: February 2024

Introduction. Publishers of scientific journals use the terms “Issue” and “Number” to denote individual issues of their publications. There are discussions within the professional community of scientific editors about the legitimacy of using one term over the other.

Purpose. To analyse the practice of foreign journals regarding the marking of their issues with the terms Issue (Iss.) and Number (No.) to justify a strategy for the correct use of these terms in Russian scientific journals that have English-language or parallel bilingual titles.

Materials and Methods. Policies of 130 foreign scientific journals indexed in the international scientometric database Scopus were analysed. All journals are distributed as open-access, are published in different countries, and cover various subject fields. An examination was carried out on the Archive section found on the official websites of the chosen journals, along with their covers and layouts available on these sites, to monitor the practices used in marking the issues.

Results and Discussion. It has been found that there is no unification of issue numbering in the global scientific periodical press. The term Issue is frequently used on the websites of scientific journals, while the term Number, or no letter designation at all, is more often used on covers and other layout elements. This trend is characteristic both for the entire sample and for groups of journals grouped by individual features of belonging: to one country, to one language group of countries, to one scientific specialty. The exception is publications of major publishing houses, which use one publishing platform and / or uniform requirements for the journal format (House Style Guide) for all their journals, and thus regulate the numbering of issues.

Conclusion. The accumulated international experience can contribute to the development of a unified approach to the presentation of issue numbering in Russian scientific journals and, as a result, to changes in normative documents and methodological recommendations.
Él no es tu patria: violencia de género contra mujeres inmigrantes en la literatura latinoamericana
Authors: Gálvez Cuen Marissa
Published: February 2024

Recibido: enero 11 de 2023
Aceptado: 30 de noviembre de 2023
Publicado: 29 de enero de 2024
 

Recibido: enero 11 de 2023
Aceptado: 30 de noviembre de 2023
Publicado: 29 de enero de 2024
 

En el presente trabajo se exploran las representaciones literarias de las expresiones físicas, psicológicas y económicas de la violencia ejercida contra mujeres inmigrantes por sus parejas sentimentales en el ámbito doméstico. En este análisis se busca dimensionar cómo, ante el riesgo de la deportabilidad y la vulnerabilidad de las mujeres inmigrantes, la violencia de género encuentra una relación con la violencia estructural y cultural. En la narrativa de Eduardo González Viaña, María Fernanda Ampuero y Sandra Cisneros se establece una verticalidad entre los personajes masculinos no migrantes y los personajes femeninos migrantes que permite ahondar en la construcción de las relaciones de poder y el impacto que éstas tienen en cuanto a la posibilidad de permanecer en el país al que se migra o retornar al país de origen.
The Tilt Test in the Assessment of Syncope and Pre-syncope. Effective and safe? Analysis of a Series of 2364 Patients over 6 Years
Authors: Rocha Eduardo Augusto Quidute Arrais , Kubrusly Bruna Sobreira , Gurgel Aléssia Alencar Araripe , Pinho Luís Gustavo Bastos , Farias Ana Gabriela Ponte , Coimbra Vitor Olímpio , Gondim Pedro Sales , Rocha Maria Camila Timbó , Rocha Maria Eduarda Quidute Arrais , Pereira Francisca Tatiana Moreira , Marques Vera , Farias Roberto Lima , Rocha Eduardo Arrais
Published: February 2024

The tilt table test (TT) provides relevant information about individual susceptibility to neuro-mediated hypotension and bradycardia. Its importance has been questioned. In this work, we analyze the results and safety of TT in the investigation of syncope, presyncope or postural dizziness. Cross-sectional study, with TT exams performed by specialists in cardiac arrhythmias, in the period 2016-2021, in a syncope unit. Analyzes were performed using the Mann-Whitney test, multiple logistic regression, with a significant p value <0.05. The protocols used were Westminster or Italian protocol. There were 2364 TT performed, 61.7% female, aged 51.1 (31-71) years. The positivity rate was 32.6%, 37.2% with pharmacological sensitization (p< 0.01). For the investigation of syncope, positivity was 34.2% (477) x 30.65% (285) for other symptoms (p<0.001), while evaluating syncope and presyncope together the difference was 37.55% (623) x 20.9% (139) for other symptoms (p<0.001). Positivity was higher in males (p<0.01; OR=1.40(1.16-1.69)), in sensitized tests (p<0.01;2.01(1.64-2, 38)), in patients with early orthostatic hypotension (OH) with symptoms (p <0.01; 9.68(4.13-27.44)). The complication rate was 3.29%, but without severity. The TT remains an important and safe methodology in clinical practice for the investigation of patients with suspected neurally mediated syndromes.
Comparison of drugs belonging to the group of ophthalmic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Authors: Chmura-Hołyst Alicja , Czarnacka Kinga , Żaczek Bartłomiej , Pandey Ada , Prokop Dominika , Gawlak Małgorzata , Kuźlik Bartosz , Alsoubie Ismael , Pyza Aneta , Kaczmarek Julia , Sajak-Hydzik Katarzyna , Pawlicka Ilona , Piskorz Agnieszka , Kozak Maciej , Roszkowska Anna
Published: February 2024

Ophthalmic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs used to treat or prevent eye inflammation. Their main action is to relieve symptoms such as pain, redness and swelling that can be caused by eye diseases, injuries or eye surgery. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs used in ophthalmology include substances such as diclofenac, ketorolac, bromfenac and nepafenac. So far, many studies have been published comparing the effectiveness of various systemic and local non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. This work contains a comparative analysis of the above-mentioned substances in terms of their use and effectiveness in ophthalmology.
Direct brow lift – indications, diagnostics, operating techniques
Authors: Różycka Małgorzata , Nesterowicz Piotr , Różycka Katarzyna , Bakalarski Krystian , Ulaszewska Katarzyna , Chamernik Alan , Różycki Radosław
Published: February 2024

Eyebrow lift is one of the most effective rejuvenating procedures in facial plastic surgery. Lifting the aging soft structures around the eye socket yields both cosmetic and, in some cases, therapeutic effects. Regardless of the indications, preoperative assessment of the patient should be based on a thorough interview, establishing the patient’s expectations, determining the achievable outcome of the procedure, and anticipating potential complications. During the physical examination, it is crucial to identify relevant anatomical structures, assess facial symmetry, scope, and the technique of the procedure. Often, patients opt for combining direct eyebrow lift with eyelid surgery, significantly enhancing the overall result. The primary complication of direct eyebrow lifting is a visible scar, which may be a contraindication for individuals prone to keloid formation and those with a brow deficit. The aim of this study is to define the indications, diagnostics, and describe the surgical techniques used in eyebrow lift procedures.
Triple hit on ocular surface inflammation – case reports
Authors: Prost Marek E.
Published: February 2024

In everyday medical practice, finding the exact cause of conjunctivitis can be difficult without thorough laboratory testing. Therefore, the paper presents cases of treating ocular surface disorders of unknown etiology with the help of combination preparations in the form of a suspension, which allows a wide range of therapeutic effects including bacteria, chlamydia and allergic inflammation and provides a more stable and longer-lasting drug concentration level compared to drugs in the form of aqueous solutions.
Uveal Melanoma – a review of treatment methods
Authors: Domańska Aleksandra , Piekarz Daria , Pijas Natalia , Pieniążek Barbara , Piecewicz-Szczęsna Halina
Published: February 2024

Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy. In Europe, the incidence of uveal melanoma is approximately 8 cases per million people per year. In about 50% of cases, uveal melanoma metastasizes. Scientific papers on uveal melanoma published between 1 January 2018 – 1 March 2023, available in the PubMed database were analysed. Currently, methods such as enucleation, transpupillary thermotherapy, photodynamic therapy, eye plaque brachytherapy, proton beam therapy and stereotactic surgery are used to treat this cancer. In this paper we summarize the current knowledge about the classic treatment methods and the promising novel ones.
The behavior of students in relation to green marketing as green consumers: A reasoned action approach (RAA)
Authors: Babu Md. Asaduzzaman , Ejaz Faisal , Nasir Aemin , Jaman Shekh Md. Sahiduj , Fodor Zita Julia , Hossain Md Billal
Published: February 2024

The objective of this study is to examine the extent of awareness, intention, and behavior among university students in relation to green marketing. It is recognized that the present cohort of students, as well as future generations, will have a substantial impact on shaping the course of the world. The respondents for this study consisted of university students, and the collected data was subsequently analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) 25 in order to test the stated hypothesis. University students exhibit a comprehensive understanding of green marketing and a conscious inclination toward embracing favorable intentions and behaviors in relation to this domain. The results of this study suggest that there exists a statistically significant and positive correlation between individuals’ level of green awareness and their intention to participate in environmentally friendly consumer practices. Furthermore, it has been observed that the intention of consumers to engage in green practices has a noteworthy influence on their subsequent behavior in terms of adopting environmentally friendly behaviors. The findings obtained from studies on green marketing are of utmost importance in offering valuable guidance and orientation toward a future characterized by heightened environmental awareness and sustainability. The novelty of this study is to provide a lucid comprehension of students’ perceptions about green marketing. Several factors can potentially impact the intention and behavior of environmentally conscious consumers, including personal values, social norms, and economic factors. Additional research is necessary in order to obtain a more thorough comprehension of the complexity of these variables, and how they interact to impact consumer behavior.
Dependability model of automated intelligent regenerative life support system for space missions
Authors: Kabashkin Igor , Glukhikh Sergey
Published: February 2024

Long-duration human space missions require intelligent regenerative life support systems that can recycle resources and automatically manage failures. This paper explores using Petri nets to model the reliability and complex interactions of such closed-loop systems. An architecture consisting of primary systems, backups, and consumable reserves is outlined. The automation system that controls everything is described. Petri nets can capture concurrency, failure modes, redundancy, and dynamic behavior. A modular modeling methodology is presented to develop hierarchical Petri net models that scale in fidelity. Elementary fragments represent failures and redundancy. Subsystem modules can be substituted for more detailed models. Analysis and simulation assess system reliability and failure response. This supports designing ultra-reliable systems to safely sustain human life in space.
The mediating effect of job satisfaction on the relationship between perceived overqualification, turnover intention and job performance among call center employees
Authors: Andrade Luís , Santos Claúdia , Faria Liliana
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this paper is to examine two hypothetical models: one in which job satisfaction acts as a mediator of the effects of overqualification on turnover intention and performance, and another in which job satisfaction acts as a mediator of the effects of overqualification on performance. Data were collected from 318 call center employees in Portugal. The relationships were tested using a multiple regression hierarchy with PROCESS. As hypothesized, job satisfaction mediates the relationship between overqualification and turnover intentions. It appears that overqualification alone does not influence intention to quit, but rather does so via satisfaction. Job satisfaction also mediates the relationship between overqualification and job performance. However, perceptions of non-growth appear to be associated with a decline in contextual performance. The effects of overqualification on turnover intentions and job performance of call center employees have not been previously studied. Therefore, this study aims to fill this gap. Our study joins the small number of studies that analyze the mechanisms explaining the relationship between this mismatch between job demands and employees' perceived education, skills, experience, and work outcomes.
The role of conspiracy mentality, reactance, and anxiety in the effectiveness of gain- vs. loss-framed messages promoting COVID-19 protective measures: Is vaccination different?
Authors: Cwalina Wojciech , Koniak Paweł
Published: February 2024

We explore how conspiracy beliefs change the effectiveness of gain- vs. loss-framed messages in promoting health-protective behavior. We focused on various recommended COVID-19 protective measures, not only vaccinations but also other preventive (like wearing masks) and detection behaviors (like testing). Our results indicate that conspiracy beliefs moderate the effectiveness of gain vs. loss framing. When participants endorse conspiracy worldviews above the average level, the gain frame may be more effective than the loss frame. In other words, in the loss frame condition, conspiracy beliefs negatively and significantly predicted attitudes toward the behavior recommended. However, in the case of the gain frame, the relationship between conspiracist views and attitudes toward promoted behavior was weaker or even nonsignificant. We also found, although only in the case of one behavior, that when participants' eagerness to look for conspiracies almost does not exist, the loss frame may be a better option than the gain frame. Finally, neither of these effects was mediated by emotional reactance or anxiety.
AI and Liability in Medicine: The Case of Assistive-Diagnostic AI
Authors: Rimkutė Deimantė
Published: February 2024

As the prevalence of assistive-diagnostic artificial intelligence (AI) grows, so too will the legal controversies surrounding its use continue to grow. Consequently, determining liability in cases where patients experience harm due to the use of assistive-diagnostic AI in personal healthcare services requires a re-evaluation of existing civil liability regulations. This article proposes a framework for addressing liability in these situations by exploring medical malpractice, organisational negligence by healthcare institutions, and producer liability.
Gender Pay Gap in Estonia
Authors: Rafai Andrea
Published: February 2024

The gender pay gap continues to exist in Estonia, irrespective of its economic and social development, since the country’s inception. Addressing the prevalence of the gender pay gap is significant in the social and economic development of Estonia, as it reflects equal opportunities and social justice in a given society. Reducing the gender pay gap helps ensure that individuals, irrespective of their gender differences, receive equitable pay for their contributions, which can result in increasing their financial security and quality of life while developing an inclusive society. This study examines the gender wage gap and sexism in Estonia and compares sexism in Estonia with Sweden, in order to understand its antecedents. The findings indicate that Estonia has the highest gender wage gap in the European Union. The findings also highlight a significant level of sexism based on societal beliefs associating women’s higher earnings with marital issues and the inability to care for their children. The study further identifies education and income and significant factors influencing the prevalence of sexism in Estonia and Sweden, providing implications for increasing education and employment opportunities for women, implementing fair pay practices, and promoting workplace equality to ensure an inclusive and empowered society in Estonia.
Evaluation of the State of Innovative Activity of Machine-Building Enterprise
Authors: Goryk Оleksii , Buchynskyi Andrii , Romanyshyn Lyubomyr , Nurkusheva Saltanat , Bembenek Michał
Published: February 2024

The innovative activity of machine-building enterprises is the main guarantee of their sustainable and effective development, which makes it possible to compare technical and technological innovation in the production of products in different periods and between different enterprises in points. Quantitative numerical assessment of the innovative component of the enterprise is a prerequisite for developing a strategy for further effective production management. After all, in addition to financial performance indicators, technical innovations play a decisive role in the modern market environment, although little attention is paid to them. In the work, based on organizational and technical modeling and logical methods of exploratory evaluation, the author’s method of establishing a quantitative comparative level of innovative activity of a machine-building enterprise was built. The developed methodology for evaluating the innovative component of machine-building production is based on three basic criteria: mastering new machines, mastering technological processes, and the effectiveness of implementing design and technological solutions. The first two criteria take into account the nomenclature, novelty, the risk of introducing a new solution and the technical level of products. To determine these criteria, several levels of novelty of machines and technologies are proposed and the author’s understanding of their content is given. The third criterion, the effectiveness of implementation, is evaluated by indicators that take into account the intensity of adjustments at various stages of design. The result of the study is a method of comparative assessment of the level of innovative components of the development of machine-building production with a set of indicators that provide professionals with a tool for monitoring the processes of introducing new equipment and technologies into production and the subsequent formation of an effective innovative strategy for the development of a machine-building enterprise. The capability of the proposed methodology is presented in the given example of evaluating the innovative development (state) of an abstract machine-building enterprise.
Process of Incubators in Morocco: Overview of the “Forsa” Program
Authors: Farissi Aicha , Roudab Noureddine
Published: February 2024

The research investigates the role and significance of incubators in Morocco’s entrepreneurial ecosystem, specifically in relation to the FORSA-2022 program. It focuses on how incubators establish mutually beneficial relationships with entrepreneurs to overcome obstacles to sustained innovation. As a crucial link between entrepreneurs and the external environment, incubators provide essential support. This is a case study, which presents a comprehensive exploration of a prominent regional incubator situated in Casablanca. The investigation delves into the intricacies of executing the government’s FORSA-2022 program, closely analyzing the challenges faced by accelerators. Additionally, the study delves into the hurdles experienced by project initiators, which act as barriers to the successful realization of their endeavors. This analysis marks an initial stride towards strengthening the role of incubators for more performance and profitability in order to create strategies that can effectively improve the competitive strength of start-ups in Morocco.
Analysis of the Possibility of Modeling Gas Separators using Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Mykhailiuk Vasyl , Zasadzień Michał , Liakh Mikhailo , Deineha Ruslan , Mosora Yurii , Faflei Oleh
Published: February 2024

Today, gas-liquid separators are usually used for the purification of gas mixtures from droplet liquid, and there are many designs of which. However, in order to improve the efficiency of their work, increase throughput, reduce mass and dimensions, they are constantly being improved. Usually, developing a new or improving an existing separator design is a long-term and relatively expensive process. Today, computer programs that implement the finite element method make it possible to speed up and reduce the cost of designing both a gas separator and other equipment. FloEFD program is one of these programs. However, it is more convenient during design to use one computer program that allows you to build 3D models (CAD) and in the same program to use a module for simulating the movement of gas and liquid flows (CFD). Such a program is SolidWorks with the FlowSimulation application module. As for the physical processes that occur during the operation of gas separators, they are quite complex, since a multiphase gas flow with an existing liquid phase is simulated. In the article, simulation modeling of the C-2-1 separator was carried out and the values and distributions of velocities and pressures in its various cross-sections were determined. Special attention was paid to the following cross-sections of the separator: along the axis of its inlet pipe; in the middle is the spigot of the blade screw; on a block of blinds. The difference in pressure at the outlet and inlet of the separator was determined, which is 20267 Pa. Based on the simulation results obtained, recommendations are given for further research and optimization of the separator design. The main parameter that characterizes the degree of separation of liquid from gas in the separator is the efficiency factor, which depends on the design of the separator, thermobaric conditions, parameters of the technological scheme, composition and physical and chemical properties of the gas-liquid flow. As a result of simulated modeling of the separator, its efficiency coefficient was determined when it extracted droplet liquid from the gas-liquid mixture in its various fractions (from 0.01 to 0.1 mm). The efficiency factor is about 100%.
ANÁLISE DA SAÚDE MENTAL DE TABAGISTAS NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA A SAÚDE
Authors: Morais Luysa Gabrielly de Araujo , Gomes Shawana Meita Souza , Morais Lucas Paoly de Araujo , De Sousa Milena Nunes Alves
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: realizar uma análise em saúde mental de tabagistas através da aplicação de questionário sociodemográfico, Escala de Beck para sintomas ansiosos, Escala razões para parar de fumar (MRSS) e Escala Patiente health questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) nos pacientes pertencentes a um grupo de cessação de tabagismo da atenção primária à saúde.
 
Métodos: pesquisa de campo com metodologia quantitativa e análise de dados descritiva através de tabulação de resultados numéricos obtidos com aplicação presencial de escalas validadas e questionário sociodemográfico próprio.
 
Resultados e Discussão: Dos participantes, 44,4% apresentaram ansiedade moderada e 11,1% grave, segundo a escala de Beck para sintomas ansiosos. Quanto à aplicação da escala PHQ-9, 55,6% apresentaram depressão moderada e 11,1% grave. Ainda, os principais motivadores foram dependência e redução da tensão, ambos com 88,9%, seguidos por prazer de fumar com 66,7%.
 
Conclusão e Implicação: A pesquisa atual sugere, portanto, a relação entre o tabagismo e os transtornos em saúde mental não sendo possível estabelecer relação de causa e efeito. Indica-se o uso de escalas de triagem na abordagem dos pacientes tabagistas.
Las políticas de clima en contextos de gobierno multinivel: relaciones intergubernamentales a nivel subnacional en España
Authors: Alda-Fernández Mercedes , Ramos Juan A.
Published: February 2024

Objetivos: el artículo estudia las relaciones intergubernamentales (RIG) a nivel subnacional en las políticas de clima en el caso español. Más concretamente, se pretende describir las RIG en sus aspectos básicos e identificar los instrumentos de relación utilizados por los actores implicados en la política, señalando las diferencias que puedan darse entre los distintos territorios. Metodología: la metodología aplicada es de carácter cualitativo y recurre al análisis de una variedad de fuentes documentales (normativa elaborada por las comunidades autónomas sobre clima y energía, documentos de los planes y estrategias de ámbito regional, acuerdos de gobierno y otros datos de interés contenidos en distintas páginas web institucionales). Resultados: en la mayoría de las comunidades autónomas es posible identificar una variedad de RIG que implican a los Gobiernos regionales y locales. En dichas interacciones los representantes de los Gobiernos regionales tienden a ejercer un papel protagonista, si bien hay diferencias entre territorios. Las RIG se desarrollan a través de diversos instrumentos, entre los que destacan los órganos de coordinación y cooperación, la financiación intergubernamental y las iniciativas de formación, asistencia técnica e intercambio de información. Conclusiones: el protagonismo adquirido por las comunidades autónomas en este terreno, así como los factores estructurales básicos que limitan las capacidades de la mayoría de los Gobiernos locales, hacen poco probable que se produzcan cambios de importancia a corto plazo. No obstante, debe tenerse también en cuenta el impacto de la Unión Europea, que se hace sentir cada vez con más claridad en el sistema general de RIG.
Le Prix Nobel de la Paix décerné au HCNUR
Authors: Refuge Editor
Published: February 2024

Le Prix Nobel de la Paix de 1981 a été décerné au Haut- commissaire des Nations Unies pour les réfugiés pour sa contribution à l'aide accordée àdes millions de réfugiés dans le monde. En acceptant le prix qui rend hommage à celui qui s'est le mieux efforcé de favoriser la frater-,nité entre les nations, le Haut-commissaire, M. Poul Hartling, a fait observer que, pour sa part, le Prix Nobel de la Paix mettait en relief le rôle qu'un organisme international peut jouer lorsqu'il s'agit de protéger et d'aider les victimes de la guerre et de la persécution, des entorses à la paix et des.
Un trop grand nombre de ressortissants de l'Inde revendiquaient le statut de réfugié : il leur faut maintenant un visa.
Authors: Refuge Editor
Published: February 2024

Dorénavant, les ressortissants de l'Inde qui souhaitent visiter le Canada doivent d'abord, obtenir un visa à l'étranger.
Comité Permanent des Organismes Canadiens au Service des Réfugiés
Authors: Refuge Editor
Published: February 2024

Pour plus de renseignements, communiquer avec le Comité Permanent des Organismes Canadiens au Service des Réfugiés, 40 St. Clair Ave. East, Suite 201, Toronto, Ontario M4T 1M9
Media Watch
Authors: Barrie Zwicker
Published: February 2024

The majority of daily newspapers in addressed at some length by the Canada ignored the National Symposium as a whole such the Symposium on Refugee Determination. The majority of those that did not ignore it used wire copy. A tiny minority of papers sent staff reporters. Most coverage fell into two archetypes that characterize so much "news" in our papers.
Satisfaction in Business Relationships Between Companies and Dark Side Behaviour: A Literature Review
Authors: Ayala-Regalado Carlos Javier
Published: February 2024

Buyer-seller relationships play a pivotal role in relationship marketing, as their effective management can yield significant benefits for companies. Satisfaction is the linchpin that sustains these business relationships over time, yet it can be influenced by various factors, particularly negative behaviors known as “dark side” behaviors. These behaviors encompass actions such as concealing information, opportunism, exploiting the counterparty, causing confusion, sharing customer information without consent, providing misleading information, breaching privacy, levying unjustified charges, and withholding information from customers. The primary objective of this research is to explore the link between dark-side behaviors and satisfaction in business relationships among companies. To achieve this goal, we conducted a comprehensive systematic literature review, scrutinizing 43 articles that aligned with our search criteria. After careful selection, we focused on 30 articles published between 2010 and 2023. Within these articles, we identified the prevailing theories, authors, research methodologies, and limitations, and we also unearthed promising avenues for future research. In conclusion, our findings indicate that there isn’t a singular interpretation of the term “dark side” in commercial relationships. Thus, there is a pressing need to develop tools and frameworks that can pinpoint specific manifestations of dark side behaviors, especially those driven by personal or corporate gain, regardless of the potential harm they may inflict on a business partner within a collaborative relationship.
Caracterización de la cadena de abastecimiento de productos lácteos
Authors: Salamanca Gómez Tatiana Paola , García-Cáceres Rafael Guillermo , Espitia-Cubillos Anny Astrid
Published: February 2024

Se describe y caracteriza la cadena de suministro de lácteos colombiana en términos de sus agentes, interacciones, etapas y eslabones, entre otros aspectos que son relevantes para la producción y comercialización de leche y productos lácteos. La metodología de caracterización comprende cuatro pasos: evaluación de la producción global y nacional de la cadena de suministro lácteo, identificación y descripción de sus eslabones y etapas, evaluación del valor agregado por sus agentes y eslabones, y análisis detallado de sus especificidades de desempeño. Además, se observaron debilidades relevantes en la etapa upstream, que no sólo tiene el menor apalancamiento económico, sino que también es la etapa más vulnerable ya que absorbe la mayor parte del riesgo en la cadena. El estudio actual reveló debilidades en la fase upstream, que es la parte más vulnerable de la cadena, ya que absorbe la mayor parte del riesgo y tiene el menor apalancamiento financiero. Como consecuencia, suele enfrentar problemas de rentabilidad. En realidad, esta es una tendencia común en la literatura sobre el tema, como se ve en análisis anteriores del SC de agronegocios, en los que se han revelado debilidades similares.
Modelo teórico sobre la intención de compra en línea del internauta mexicano
Authors: Alvarado Oregón Ana María del Rosario , Reyes Real Oscar Bernardo
Published: February 2024

La presente investigación aborda el estudio sobre los factores que influyen y motivan el uso del comercio electrónico. En la medida que los usuarios perciban que comprar a través de Internet es fácil, útil, confiable, conveniente, será mayor su intención de generar una compra en el futuro. El objetivo de este estudio fue desarrollar un modelo teórico acerca de los factores determinantes de la intención de compra en línea. El modelo se desarrolló mediante el análisis de las teorías que sustentan los modelos sobre los factores que influyen en la intención de compra como el de Aceptación de la Tecnología (TAM) y la Teoría del Comportamiento Planificado (TBP). Se cuenta con enfoques exploratorios y descriptivos. Además, se concibió un modelo medible a través de encuestas con variables de escala Likert con alta capacidad predictiva para explicar la adopción del uso de Internet. El resultado alcanzado es un modelo teórico de intención de compra en línea de tipo estructural con variables dependientes (latentes) e indicadores (ítems) como variables explicativas en el contexto de México. El presente estudio llena un vacío en la literatura sobre el comercio electrónico en México que, al ser susceptible de validación, permitirá obtener información para la comprensión de los patrones de compra de los internautas.
Determinants of dividend policy in small and medium-sized enterprises of an emerging market
Authors: Correa-Mejía Diego Andrés , Correa-García Jaime Andrés , Castaño-Ríos Carlos Eduardo
Published: February 2024

This paper aims to analyze the determining factors of dividend policy in SMEs of an emerging economy such as Colombia. SMEs are very important for emerging economies, as they are great job creators and contribute to improving the quality of life of many families. This study is based on liquidity, profitability and indebtedness variables, to demonstrate their links with the dividend policy in this type of entities on which there is not enough empirical research in the Latin American context. A panel data with a total of 11,888 observations was estimated for the horizon 2017-2019. The results evidence that liquidity and profitability increase SMEs’ dividend policy. Indebtedness level indicators present a negative relationship. Overall, the results provide empirical evidence on this important financial decision in a scarcely studied business context and segment. Additionally, the factors influencing dividend policy for these firms have practical implications for regulators, investors, and financial analysts to strengthen their decision criteria in emerging economies.
Simulación dinámica de una columna de flotación
Authors: Piñeres Jorge Luis , Grecco Anderson , Calvo Milene
Published: February 2024

En este trabajo se describe el comportamiento dinámico en una columna de flotación a partir del desarrollo de un modelo matemático de parámetros distribuidos para la zona de colección y la zona de espumante. Para la solución del modelo se usó el método de los elementos finitos. El modelo propuesto incluye subprocesos tales como la colección y el desprendimiento partícula-burbuja, la coalescencia de burbujas en la región de espumante, entre otros. Para la simulación se subdivide cada zona de la columna de flotación en elementos de volumen, asumiendo cada elemento como un tanque de mezcla perfecta. Los resultados muestran que el modelo describe adecuadamente tanto el comportamiento de la zona de colección como la de espumante las cuales se encuentran relacionadas entre sí. Durante la validación del modelo se obtuvieron resultados satisfactorios al comparar los datos experimentales con los obtenidos a través de la simulación con bajos porcentajes de error (error promedio menor al 5%).
The Palestinian Curriculum and European Foreign Aid: The Challenges to Preserve National Content
Authors: Fayyad Abuhussein Haya
Published: February 2024

The continuous and controversial arguments about any relationship between foreign aid and the national content of the learned curricula in new and emerging entities in post-conflict areas in general, and in the Palestinian case in particular, have been a source of apprehension for many educators, stakeholders, educational experts, and even school children’s parents. This study aims at investigating the challenges to preserve authentic national and historical content in the light of receiving European foreign aid, taking Palestine as a case. The researcher adopted a mixed-methods approach to achieve the study’s goals. The national content of the school textbooks of the lower basic stage was analysed as a purposive sample of the Palestinian national curriculum. Moreover, semi-structured interviews were conducted with a) curriculum professionals and policymakers from the Ministry of Education to find out the direct impact of European aid on the national content of the Palestinian curriculum, and b) with Palestinian teachers to investigate their attitudes towards the adequacy and efficiency of the national and historical content of the Palestinian curriculum. The results of the content analysis present many national themes and values, yet with diverse dominance and distribution. The semi-structured interviews revealed the continuous pressure on the Ministry of Education to change the content of Palestinian curricula, and its impact on the national content. As for the teachers’ interviews, the results demonstrate that Palestinian teachers do not have positive perspectives on the national and historical content and look forwards to fundamental improvements in the national and historical curriculum.
Jerusalemite Students: Challenges in Israeli-Occupied Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Qassrawi Rania Muhammad , AL-Ramahi Refa'
Published: February 2024

An educational system has the potential to uplift occupied societies, yet it can also serve as a “soft” weapon prolonging ignorance, particularly when under the control of an occupying force catering to a minority, as seen in Jerusalem. This study aimed to explore the challenges and discriminatory practices encountered by Palestinian students from Jerusalem as a minority within Israeli-occupied higher education institutions. Utilising a descriptive design, qualitative data were obtained by surveying the experiences of 23 Jerusalemite students studying in Israeli colleges through online open-ended questions. The gathered data underwent content analysis, revealing themes that were grouped into challenges and types of apartheid acts faced by the participating students. The findings exposed numerous challenges, including cultural, academic, political, and financial hurdles, along with issues related to enrolment policies, acceptance examinations, the preparatory year, and facility provisions. Additionally, the study revealed various discriminatory acts experienced by Palestinian Jerusalemite students within Israeli higher education.
More Than Fluency: Artificial Stuttering as a Therapy in Drama Education in Palestine
Authors: Hamdan Mohammed
Published: February 2024

This article explores the use of artificial stuttering as a powerful practice and therapy in higher education in Palestine where the need for applied drama is increasing. It specifically focuses on the artistic and/or performative re-employment of Charles Dickens’s Nicholas Nickleby to enhance the academic achievement and social development of dysfluent students throughout and beyond their university education. By using extra-curricular, art-mediated training and in-class performance of chosen passages from Dickens’s narrative, students not only improve their linguistic and intellectual competencies but also develop dynamic confidence to articulate themselves in daily social contexts during self-presentation. This academic practice, which is part of a one-term educational disability programme, focuses on training a selected number of undergraduate students with a severe or mild stutter by relying on the technique of artificial impersonation of the stuttering of Smike, who is one of the most common Victorian dysfluent characters, in different melodramatic acts. In this experience, students show linguistic growth and social command of communication, and thus chart a new subjective identity.
Does Playing Football (Soccer) Really Increase the Risk of Knee Osteoarthritis? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Wållgren Jonas Olsson , Ferré-Aniorte Alfred , Senorski Eric Hamrin , Veznaver Danny , Snaebjornsson Thorkell , Samuelsson Kristian , Alentorn-Geli Eduard
Published: February 2024

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between football (soccer) participation and tibiofemoral knee osteoarthritis (OA), considering the influence of competitive level and previous knee injuries.

DESIGN: Etiology systematic review with meta-analysis.

LITERATURE SEARCH: PubMed, Embase, AMED, and Cochrane were searched for relevant publications.

STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: Studies of football players that included a control group consisting of mainly sedentary nonfootball players, and the relationship of knee OA, were considered. The studies had to report radiographically verified knee OA and specify football activity.

DATA SYNTHESIS: Eleven studies, involving 1805 football players and 4022 control individuals were included. Subgroups consisting of data regarding level of play and previous injuries were also synthesized.

RESULTS: The overall prevalence of knee OA among football players was increased among professional and recreational players, compared with controls. When knee injuries were excluded, there was no difference in knee OA between football players and controls (OR = 1.25; 95% CI: 0.61, 2.54). Football players with a previous knee injury had a greater risk of knee OA when compared with football players with no history of previous knee injury (OR = 4.16; 95% CI: 1.97, 8.77).

CONCLUSION: Football players were at increased risk of knee OA. However, after excluding participants with a history of previous knee injury, there were no differences in knee OA between football players and controls. Previous knee injury was important for developing knee OA. Playing football, in the absence of major knee injuries, did not increase the risk of knee OA. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2024;54(5):328-339. Epub 26 February 2024. doi:10.2519/jospt.2024.12029