bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Modern Band” as school music: A case study
Authors: Byo James L.
Published: September 2017

This purpose of this study was to uncover the nature and value associated with involvement in “Modern Band” (rock band), the primary, not supplemental, means to music education in one US school. The values that emerged—music, community, identity, teacher, and classroom management—overlap considerably with the benefits and values identified by adolescents in traditional concert band, orchestra, and choir. These results provide data worthy of consideration as readers ponder the viability of rock band as a medium of school-based music education and a way to connect meaningfully with more secondary-school students. Evidence suggests that if there are reasons to reject the rock band, the source for the skepticism should not be the values accrued and identified by its participants. This case is an example of meaningful, authentic, and valuable music education that is positioned between the extremes of formal and informal learning, process and product orientation, and teacher- and student-centered pedagogy.
An Empirical Exploration Into the Measurement of Rape Culture
Authors: Johnson Nicole L. , Johnson Dawn M.
Published: September 2017

Feminist scholars have long argued the presence of a “rape culture” within the United States; however, limited efforts have been made to quantify this construct. A model of rape culture was first proposed in 1980 and expanded in the 1990s in an effort to quantify rape myth acceptance. This model posits that five underlying components make up a rape culture: traditional gender roles, sexism, adversarial sexual beliefs, hostility toward women, and acceptance of violence. Although these components are proposed as cultural phenomenon and thus distinct from individually held beliefs, they have been exclusively explored on an individual level. Thus, to promote exploration of this phenomenon beyond individually held beliefs, the authors adapted a series of well-established measures to assess the perceived peer support of the constructs proposed to underlie rape culture and assess initial reliability and validity in a sample of 314 college students. Following determination of reliability and validity of these adapted measures, a hierarchical confirmatory factor analysis was run to examine the proposed model of rape culture. Results of this study highlight the uniqueness between individual and cultural factors as several items did not translate from an individual (i.e., personal endorsement) to a cultural level (i.e., perceived peer support) and were subsequently removed from the proposed final measurements. Furthermore, initial support for the aforementioned model of rape culture was identified. These findings are crucial given that limited conclusions may be drawn about the existence and in turn eradication of rape culture without an agreed upon definition and source of measurement.
Experimental study on cutting comparison of structured cutting tools in dry cutting of EN19 alloy steel
Authors: Fatima Anis , Mativenga Paul T
Published: September 2017

One of the promising and emerging techniques used to improve the tool chip contact phenomenon is to create micro- and/or nanostructures on the surfaces of cutting tools. The rake face structuring of the cutting tool has been the focus of research, and its benefits are well documented in literature. The effects of structures applied on different faces of the cutting tool have been studied in detail, yet there is a scope on cutting performance comparison of structured tools. This study looks into the cutting performance comparison of three fabricated cutting tools: a cutting tool with the rake face structure, a cutting tool with flank face structure and a tool with both the rake and the flank face structure. Structures on the cutting tools were created with a femtosecond laser system. Orthogonal machining of EN19/AISI/SAE4140 was performed to assess the cutting performance of the fabricated structured tools. Machining performance of structured tools was measured against cutting performance of unstructured tool. Results suggest that structured tools deliver better machining performance. However, improvement in certain machining parameter (forces, compression ratio, contact length, etc.) is linked to the structures created on a specific face of the cutting tool, although each structured side of the tool has a counter effect. Structured cutting tools reduce sticking contact from 52% to 42%–45%. Also, structured cutting tools lower the energy consumption due to decreased compression ratio. Precisely this research classifies the preference on the application of tool structuring for improved performance.
Boiler dynamic control with optimized nitric oxides and efficiency
Authors: Rehan Ahmed , Elshafei Moustafa , Habib Mohamed A , Nemitallah Medhat A , Alzaharnah Iyad
Published: September 2017

Boiler is a steam generating device that is used to generate electricity and provide heat in process industry and buildings. The generation of steam is carried out by harnessing thermal energy generated via combustion process. The key challenges that are posed in this process are harmful nitric oxide emissions and the energy losses from the total energy contained in the fuel. It is highly required to reduce these losses to improve boiler efficiency; however, when the operational parameters are adjusted to maximize boiler efficiency, the nitric oxide formation is adversely affected, that is, nitric oxide formation also goes up. Moreover, a little change in demand of steam may cause disturbance in all the dynamics of boiler which may go unstable if not controlled properly. All these issues necessitate measures to be taken to optimize boiler efficiency and nitric oxide as well as to regulate operational parameters like drum pressure and drum level all at the same time. In this work, a detailed study has been carried out to investigate how thermal nitric oxide emissions, combustion process and dynamics of boiler interact with each other. In this respect, dynamic models of nitric oxides, efficiency and other operational variables of boiler have been investigated, and these models have been combined to form a joint model of whole boiler system. This model is then utilized to form an efficient control of boiler variables along with trade-off-based optimization between efficiency and thermal nitric oxide emission. The results have been formed using an experimental input data from a typical package boiler to ensure the practicability of the proposed technique.
Optimal coordinating control for the overlapping shift of a seamless 2-speed transmission equipped in an electric vehicle
Authors: Ye Jie , Huang Xiangdong , Zhao Kegang , Liu Yanwei
Published: September 2017

For a novel seamless 2-speed transmission specially equipped in the electric vehicles, the optimal coordinating control problem of the motor and the friction clutch with complex constraints on both the state and control variables during the overlapping shifts is investigated in this article. First, the shift principle and the dynamic models of the overlapping shifts between the friction clutch and the one-way clutch are analyzed. Next, the parameters for evaluating the shift quality are analyzed. The jerks in process and at the key moments (speed synchronization moments of the friction clutch or the one-way clutch) are distinguished and selected as the constraints and the objective function’s terminal items, respectively. Finally, an integral optimal coordinating controller is proposed to optimize the shift trajectories and improve the overlapping shift quality. The linear feed-forward coordinating control strategy is used in the torque phase to regulate the motor torque with the engaging or disengaging process of the friction clutch to maintain the jerk within the permissible range, and the optimal control strategy based on the principle of the minimum is used to optimize the shift trajectories with complex constraints on both the control and state variables in the inertia phase. The effectiveness of the proposed optimal coordinating controller on addressing the coordinating control problem of the motor and the friction clutch during the overlapping shifts and establishing a solid foundation for the application of the seamless 2-speed transmission in electric vehicles have been verified by the simulation and experimental test-bench results.
Fostering Emotional Intelligence in Online Higher Education Courses
Authors: Majeski Robin A. , Stover Merrily , Valais Teresa , Ronch Judah
Published: September 2017

Given the complex challenges organizations face and the importance of emotional intelligence to effective leadership, management education has begun to help adult learners develop emotional intelligence competencies. These include emotional self-control, conflict management, teamwork, cultural awareness, and inspirational leadership, among other qualities. Leaders and managers must navigate a landscape of challenges which demand effective teamwork, fresh perspectives, and an empathic understanding of others with whom they work to inform sound decision making. This article discusses aspects of Mayer and Salovey’s model of emotional intelligence. It proposes specific course design and instructional strategies which may foster emotional intelligence in adult learners, especially those in the online learning environment, based on this model. The article points to directions for future research which would empirically examine the effectiveness of these strategies on the development of emotional intelligence in adult learners in online higher education courses.
Supporting Family Involvement in Long-Term Residential Care: Promising Practices for Relational Care
Authors: Barken Rachel , Lowndes Ruth
Published: September 2017

Family members and friends provide significant support for older relatives in long-term residential care (LTRC). Yet, they occupy ambiguous positions in these settings, and their relationships with LTRC staff can involve conflicts and challenges. Based on an ethnographic project carried out in North America and Europe, this article identifies practices that promote meaningful family participation in care home life. We consider instances of rewarding family involvement upon admission to LTRC, throughout the time a relative is living in a care home, and during the final stages of life. Furthermore, we identify working conditions needed to support the well-being of family/friend carers as well as residents and staff. These include greater appreciation of relational care work, time for effective communication, teamwork, and appropriate, inclusive physical spaces. Findings make visible the importance of relational care and have implications for improving living and working conditions in LTRC.
Dementia and Migration: Family Care Patterns Merging With Public Care Services
Authors: Sagbakken Mette , Spilker Ragnhild Storstein , Ingebretsen Reidun
Published: September 2017

This article focuses on cognitive impairment and dementia in the context of transnational migration. Based on data from focus group discussions and interviews, we conclude that to adjust to the needs of care within ethnic-minority communities, it is important to consider not only the availability of household and kin members but also the present understanding of obligation and reciprocity underlying the perception of care. Another important issue to realize is that caregivers, women in particular, might feel obliged to conform to a traditional caregiver role, but without the support from a wider extended family, and in the context of other pressing roles and duties. Consequently, health personnel should be wary of stereotyping and generalizing groups through “othering” ideologies and rather try to explore, understand, and adjust to the present and often fluctuating set of needs, as well as be aware of how and by whom these needs are articulated.
Stakeholders’ Perceptions Sought to Inform the Development of a Low-Cost Mobile Robot for Older Adults: A Qualitative Descriptive Study
Authors: Sefcik Justine S. , Johnson Michelle J. , Yim Mark , Lau Tessa , Vivio Nicholas , Mucchiani Caio , Cacchione Pamela Z.
Published: September 2017

Creative solutions are needed to support community-dwelling older adults residing in a variety of settings including their house, apartment, or Supportive Apartment Living (SAL) to promote independence and reduce the risk of nursing home replacement. The objective of this study was to gain an understanding of older adults’ needs for physical, mental, and social activities to support the design and functionality of a low-cost mobile assistive robot. A qualitative descriptive study was designed which included three stakeholder focus groups (caregivers, clinicians, and older adults). We held three focus groups with a total of 19 participants: one with paid caregivers ( n = 6), one with interdisciplinary clinicians ( n = 8), and one with older adults residing in SAL ( n = 5). Conventional content analysis was the analytical technique. Four themes emerged: (a) Accomplishing Everyday Tasks: activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) were important from the perspectives of all three groups for the older adults to accomplish daily, as well as the “use it or lose it” attitude of the older adults; (b) Personal Connections and Meaningful Activities: for the older adults, it was important for them to engage in socialization and leisure activities, and for the caregivers and clinicians, they work to build personal relationships with the older adults; (c) Cognitive Interventions: the clinicians provided cognitive tools (including reminders, routine and designing interventions) to older adults so they can remain as safe and independent as possible in the SAL; and (d) Safety Measures: encompassed clinicians addressing safety and injury prevention and the caregivers checking in on the older adults in their SAL apartments. This work contributed to the design and functionality specifications for an autonomous low-cost mobile robot for deployment to increase the independence of older adults.
Should an LDL-Cholesterol Target–Based Approach Be Readopted?
Authors: White C. Michael , Weeda Erin R. , Nguyen Elaine
Published: September 2017

Objective:To review clinical trials driving the evolution of hyperlipidemic guidelines, discuss whether low-density lipoprotein (LDL) targets and adjunctive therapy on top of statins should be used, and summarize the pharmacist’s role in helping achieve LDL goals. Data Sources: MEDLINE search (1/1980-5/2017) using terms including LDL, lipid, and statin, with forward and backward citation tracking. Study Selection and Data Extraction: English-language studies and guidelines assessing LDL-lowering therapy were included. Data Synthesis: In 2013, the American Heart Association and American College of Cardiology (AHA/ACC) hyperlipidemic guideline stepped back from LDL goals opting for statin monotherapy with an intensity of dosing predicated on baseline risk. This was driven by abundant clinical trial evidence for the statins, with adjunctive therapy on top of statins failing to show substantial benefit. However, recent evidence suggests that returning to LDL goals is warranted and adjuvant ezetimibe or PCSK9 inhibitor therapy may further reduce cardiovascular events. This is reflected in some society guidelines but not from the AHA/ACC. Pharmacists are well positioned to help achieve LDL goals, as they have positively affected LDL goal attainment across a multitude of settings. Conclusions: Statins are the mainstay of therapy but patients should have LDL targets, and if patients on maximally tolerated statin doses are not at goal, adjunctive therapy with ezetimibe and PCSK9 inhibitors may improve outcomes. In the emerging LDL goal paradigm, the pharmacist has a critical role to play.
Direct Oral Anticoagulant Use in Atypical Thrombosis-Related Conditions
Authors: Chang Clement , Hoyos Mario , Owusu Yaw , Elewa Hazem
Published: September 2017

Objective: To review the published literature for evidence of the efficacy and safety of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) when used in the management of atypical thrombosis-related conditions. Data Sources: A comprehensive MEDLINE database search (1948 to July 2017) and EMBASE search (1980 to July 2017) were conducted using the search terms direct oral anticoagulant in combination with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APLAS), and cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT). Study Selection and Data Extraction: The literature search was limited to studies that were conducted in humans and published in English. Clinical trials, observational studies, and case series were selected. Data Synthesis: A total of 20 published studies were selected from the literature. Only 1 randomized controlled study showed a significant reduction in cardiovascular outcomes on DOAC use in ACS patients but at the expense of increased bleeding. For the use of DOACs in APLAS, the evidence from case series seems to suggest low incidence of thromboembolic events or recurrent thrombosis in low-risk patients. Finally, in cancer patients, DOACs were comparable to warfarin in preventing CAT in 8 studies of different designs. Major bleeding with DOACs was not significantly lower than in patients who received an enoxaparin/warfarin regimen. Conclusions: Until more evidence from the ongoing clinical trials is available, DOACs may not be favorable add-on therapy in ACS patients receiving standard antiplatelet therapy but may be alternative to warfarin in preventing or treating thrombosis in low-risk APLAS patients as well as in cases of CAT in which patients have to be managed with warfarin.
Partisanship, Militarized International Conflict, and Electoral Support for the Incumbent
Authors: Singh Shane P. , Tir Jaroslav
Published: September 2017

Comparative politics scholarship often neglects to consider how militarized interstate disputes (MIDs) shape political behavior. In this project, we advance an argument that considers voter responses to international conflict at the individual level. In particular, we consider how the well-known conditioning effects of partisanship manifest in relation to militarized international conflict. Examining individual- and macro-level data across ninety-seven elections in forty-two countries over the 1996–2011 period, we find consistent evidence of militarized conflict impacting vote choice. This relationship is, however, moderated by partisanship, conflict side (initiator or target), and conflict hostility level. Among non-copartisan voters, the incumbent benefits the most electorally from initiating low-hostility MIDs or when the country is a target of a high-hostility MID; the opposite scenarios (initiator of a high-hostility MID or target of a low-hostility MID) lead to punishment among this voter group. Copartisans, meanwhile, tend to either maintain or intensify their support in most scenarios we examine; when a country is targeted in a low-hostility MID, copartisan support erodes mildly.
Comparable Postoperative Pain Levels Using 2 Different Nerve Blocks in the Operative Treatment of Displaced Intra-articular Calcaneal Fractures
Authors: Dingemans Siem A. , de Ruiter Kristian J. , Birnie Merel F. N. , Goslings J. Carel , van Samkar Gan , Schepers Tim
Published: September 2017

Background:

The aim of this study was to compare the postoperative pain levels in patients undergoing osteosynthesis of the calcaneus with either a popliteal nerve block or an ankle block.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis of all consecutive patients undergoing operative fixation of a calcaneal fracture via a sinus tarsi approach between August 2012 and April 2017 in a single foot/ankle specialized center was performed. Single-shot popliteal blocks were placed using ultrasound guidance by an anesthesiologist while ankle blocks were placed by a foot/ankle specialized surgeon. Pain levels were measured through the numerical rating scale (NRS). In total, 83 patients were included in this study; 33 received a popliteal block, and 50 received an ankle block. No statistically significant differences were present in baseline characteristics between the 2 groups.

Results:

Comparable postoperative pain levels were observed in both groups. There was no statistically significant difference in amount of morphine used between the 2 groups.

Conclusion:

No differences were found in postoperative pain levels between patients receiving a single-shot popliteal block and patients who received a single-shot ankle block following calcaneal fracture surgery.

Level of Evidence:

III, comparative series.
Anticipatory Traumatic Reaction: Outcomes Arising From Secondary Exposure to Disasters and Large-Scale Threats
Authors: Hopwood Tanya L. , Schutte Nicola S. , Loi Natasha M.
Published: September 2017

Two studies, with a total of 707 participants, developed and examined the reliability and validity of a measure for anticipatory traumatic reaction (ATR), a novel construct describing a form of distress that may occur in response to threat-related media reports and discussions. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis resulted in a scale comprising three subscales: feelings related to future threat; preparatory thoughts and actions; and disruption to daily activities. Internal consistency was .93 for the overall ATR scale. The ATR scale demonstrated convergent validity through associations with negative affect, depression, anxiety, stress, neuroticism, and repetitive negative thinking. The scale showed discriminant validity in relationships to Big Five characteristics. The ATR scale had some overlap with a measure of posttraumatic stress disorder, but also showed substantial separate variance. This research provides preliminary evidence for the novel construct of ATR as well as a measure of the construct. The ATR scale will allow researchers to further investigate anticipatory traumatic reaction in the fields of trauma, clinical practice, and social psychology.
“You End Up Feeling Like the Rest of the World Is Kind of Picking on You”: Perceptions of Regulatory Science’s Threats to Economic Livelihoods and Idahoans’ Collective Identity
Authors: Putsche Laura , Hormel Leontina , Mihelich John , Storrs Debbie
Published: September 2017

This article contributes to research on public attitudes toward science, specifically science distrust, by analyzing responses from focus group interviews conducted in the U.S. state of Idaho. Idahoans share a collective cultural identity that values self-sufficiency, independence, and conservative suspicion of government. Content analysis of focus group transcripts from 12 urban and rural communities across Idaho show that regulatory science evokes the highest levels of distrust among participants, as they threaten economic livelihoods and Idahoans’ collective identification with independence and the industries on which Idaho’s economy was built.
The Affordable Care Act Medicaid Expansions and Personal Finance
Authors: Caswell Kyle J. , Waidmann Timothy A.
Published: September 2017

Using a novel data set from a major credit bureau, we examine the early effects of the Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansions on personal finance. We analyze less common events such as personal bankruptcy, and more common occurrences such as medical collection balances, and change in credit scores. We estimate triple-difference models that compare individual outcomes across counties that expanded Medicaid versus counties that did not, and across expansion counties that had more uninsured residents versus those with fewer. Results demonstrate financial improvements in states that expanded their Medicaid programs as measured by improved credit scores, reduced balances past due as a percent of total debt, reduced probability of a medical collection balance of $1,000 or more, reduced probability of having one or more recent medical bills go to collections, reduction in the probability of experiencing a new derogatory balance of any type, reduced probability of incurring a new derogatory balance equal to $1,000 or more, and a reduction in the probability of a new bankruptcy filing.
“We’ve Lost the Basics”: Perceptions of Journalism Education From Veterans in the Field
Authors: Ferrucci Patrick
Published: September 2017

This study examines the perceptions that veteran digital journalists working at news organizations, the people who traditionally have hiring power, hold concerning how new entrants into the news industry are being prepared by journalism programs. Using in-depth interviews with 29 full-time digital journalists (journalists who only publish online), this study finds that while veterans said educators are doing a good job teaching technology, there is too much focus on it to the detriment of traditional journalism skills. These findings are then discussed through the lens of the theory of disruptive innovation.
Helmet-induced headache among Danish military personnel
Authors: Rahmani Zakia , Kochanek Aneta , Astrup Jesper Johnsen , Poulsen Jeppe Nørgaard , Gazerani Parisa
Published: September 2017

Aims: External compression headache is defined as a headache caused by an external physical compression applied on the head. It affects about 4% of the general population; however, certain populations (e.g. construction workers and military personnel) with particular needs of headwear or helmet are at higher risk of developing this type of headache. External compression headache is poorly studied in relation to specific populations. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and pattern of helmet-induced external compression headache among Danish military personnel of the Northern Jutland region in Denmark. Methods: Data acquisition was based on a custom-made questionnaire delivered to volunteers who used helmets in the Danish military service and who agreed to participate in this study. The military of the Northern Jutland region of Denmark facilitated recruitment of the participants. The questionnaires were delivered on paper and the collected (anonymous) answers (total 279) were used for further analysis. Results: About 30% of the study participants reported headache in relation to wearing a military helmet. Headache was defined as a pressing pain predominantly in the front of the head with an average intensity of 4 on a visual analogue scale of 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst pain imaginable). It was also found that helmets with different designs influenced both the occurrence of headache and its characteristics. Conclusions: This study is the first to demonstrate the prevalence and pattern of compression headache among military personnel in North Jutland, Denmark. The findings of this study call for further attention to helmet-induced external compression headache and strategies to minimize the burden.
Sick leave among people in paid work after age 65: A Swedish population-based study covering 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010
Authors: Farrants K. , Marklund S. , Kjeldgård L. , Head J. , Alexanderson K.
Published: September 2017

Aims: Extending working life into older age groups is discussed in many countries. However, there is no knowledge about how this affects rates of sick leave. The aim of this work was to investigate rates of sick leave among people in paid work after retirement age and if such rates have changed over time. Methods: Swedish nationwide register data on people aged >65 years and living in Sweden in 1995, 2000, 2005 and 2010 were analysed. All people with a sufficiently high work income to be eligible for public sick leave benefits were included. The proportions in paid work and compensated rates of sick leave for people aged 66–70 and ≥71 were analysed by sex, educational level, country of birth, living area, and employment type and sector. Results: The percentage of people in paid work at ages 66–70 years increased from <10% in 1995 to 24% in 2010 and among those aged ≥71 years from 2.7% in 1995 to 3.5% in 2010. The rates of sick leave among working people aged 66–70 years were 3.3% in 1995 and 2.4% in 2010 and for people aged ≥71 years the rates of sick leave were 2.2% in 1995 and 0.2% in 2010. Women had higher rates of sick leave than men in 2005 and 2010, but lower in 1995 and 2000. In 2010, the rates of sick leave were similar between employees and the self-employed, and higher among employees in the public sector than among employees in the private sector. Conclusions: Rates of sick leave among workers aged >65 years were lower in 2010 than in 1995, despite much higher rates of labour market participation in 2010.
The ‘Nate Silver effect’ on political journalism: Gatecrashers, gatekeepers, and changing newsroom practices around coverage of public opinion polls
Authors: Toff Benjamin
Published: September 2017

This article presents findings from 41 in-depth interviews with political journalists, media analysts, and public opinion pollsters in the United States. These interviews document several trends in how journalists assess and cover public opinion. The article shows (1) a growing interest in and reliance on polling aggregator websites fueled by demands for precise predictions, (2) the erosion of news organizations’ abilities to assert independent gatekeeping standards around individual poll results, (3) concerns about the level of in-house expertise within newsrooms to adjudicate between surveys, and (4) changing attitudes about the importance of gatekeeping around public opinion data. These findings reflect an increasingly complex landscape of opinion data, which conventional news organizations appear ill-equipped to navigate.
Fostering positive adjustment behaviour: Social connectedness, achievement motivation and emotional-social learning among male and female university students
Authors: Turki Fared Jdaitawi , Jdaitawi Malek , Sheta Hani
Published: September 2017

Although some attention has been given to student issues at university, the literature on the relationship between social connectedness, achievement motivation and emotional-social learning with student adjustment is relatively limited. Therefore, this study investigates the impact of social connectedness, achievement motivation and emotional-social learning upon the adjustment of students in a university context. In addition, this study looks into the differences in achievement motivation and emotional-social learning levels between the genders. The sample comprised 240 university students, both male and female. According to the findings, the relationship between the study variables does not significantly differ between genders. Emotional-social learning is significant in terms of predicting the adjustment. Furthermore, gender differences were noted in terms of emotional-social learning levels, but not in terms of achievement motivation and social connectedness. The study explores implications of the significance of emotional-social learning in the university environment and makes recommendations in light of these implications.
Building Information Modeling data interoperability for Cloud-based collaboration: Limitations and opportunities
Authors: Afsari Kereshmeh , Eastman Charles , Shelden Dennis
Published: September 2017

Collaboration within Building Information Modeling process is mainly based on the manual transfer of document files in either vendor-specific formats or neutral format using Industry Foundation Classes. However, since the web enables Cloud-based Building Information Modeling services, it provides an opportunity to exchange data with web technologies. Alternative data sharing solutions include the federation of Building Information Modeling models and an interchange hub for data exchange in real time. These solutions face several challenges, are vendor locked, and integrate Building Information Modeling applications to a third new system. The main objective of this article is to investigate current limitations as well as opportunities of Cloud interoperability to outline a framework for a loosely coupled network-based Building Information Modeling data interoperability. This study explains that Cloud-Building Information Modeling data exchange needs to deploy major components of Cloud interoperability such as Cloud application programming interfaces, data transfer protocols, data formats, and standardization to redefine Building Information Modeling data flow in Cloud-based applications and to reshape collaboration process.
Much Ado about ‘Nothing’: Evaluating Three Immanent Critiques of Poststructuralism
Authors: Wenman Mark
Published: September 2017

In this article, I defend Jacques Derrida’s assumptions about language and discourse from three immanent critiques of poststructuralism. I refer to these as the ethical, metaphysical and political critiques. At the heart of Derrida’s approach is an emphasis on the terrain of signification, understood as a precondition of our perception of/engagement with ‘the world’. This is encapsulated in his statement that ‘there is no(thing) outside of the text’, and the ethical, metaphysical and political critiques turn on what can or cannot be said about this ‘nothingness’ that marks the limit of the discursive terrain. I examine the assertions that the extra-discursive ‘nothingness’ is (a) the source of an inscrutable ethical demand, (b) can be understood as a material realm of ‘vital forces’ and alternatively (c) that nothing positive can be said about this limit point of the discursive, but ‘it’ nonetheless becomes manifest within the terrain of signification in the form of a disruptive event. While I reject the ethical and metaphysical responses, I feel sympathy for the political critique of deconstruction. Indeed, I argue that politics unfolds in a tension between the manifestation of the event and the kinds of manoeuvres that are possible within the field of signification.
Drama Out of a Crisis? Poststructuralism and the Politics of Everyday Life
Authors: MacKenzie Iain , Porter Robert
Published: September 2017

Time and again we have been told that poststructuralism is in crisis. Poststructuralism, we hear, is ontologically exhausted, epistemologically and normatively confused, and politically irrelevant to the contemporary economic and institutional conditions that have already domesticated, assimilated and recuperated it. While there is clearly merit and provocation in such critiques, for us, they underestimate the extent to which poststructuralist concepts can be transformed and made relevant to concerns we may have in our current political conjuncture. In order to counter those who would simply dismiss and depoliticise poststructuralist thought as crisis-ridden or politically outmoded, we will suggest that poststructuralism is a drama that we can productively participate in, here and now. Furthermore, we think this poststructuralist drama should be played out in the rough and tumble of everyday political life. There is what we will call a ‘politics of everyday life’ to be found in the poststructuralist archive, and the poststructuralist archive can be recast, revitalised and even transformed when placed into the light and life of the everyday.
Diversity, Severe Disability, and Family: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Shurr Jordan , Hollingshead Aleksandra
Published: September 2017

Understanding family challenges and perspectives are critical to effective programming and services for individuals with severe disabilities. Equally central, yet often overlooked, is the relationship between family challenges and diversity. This systematic review examined a set of peer reviewed literature published between 2002-2015 at the intersection of diversity, severe disability, and family for the purpose of identifying the foci, subjects, and research methods of such studies. Results indicated a bias toward studies on the impact of disability on the family, as well as disability beliefs and behaviors. In addition, a majority of articles reported mothers as the primary source of data and surveys as the primary method of data collection. Implications of the findings and directions for future research are explored.
A Randomized Multicenter Clinical Trial of RPH With the Simplified Milligan-Morgan Hemorrhoidectomy in the Treatment of Mixed Hemorrhoids
Authors: He Yong-heng , Tang Zhi-jun , Xu Xiang-tong , Huang De-quan , Zhang Li-shun , Tang Qing-zhu , Fan Zhi-min , Zou Xian-jun , Zou Guo-jun , Zhang Chong-yang , Hu Fan , Xie Biao , Li Yan-hua , Tong Yao , Liu Hong-chang , Li Ke , Luo Yu-lian , Liu Fei , Situ Guang-wei , Liu Zuo-long
Published: September 2017

Purpose. To explore the safety and efficacy of Ruiyun procedure for hemorrhoids (RPH) or RPH with the simplified Milligan-Morgan hemorrhoidectomy (sMMH) in the treatment of mixed hemorrhoids. Methods. This is a randomized, controlled, balanced, multicenter study of 3000 patients with mixed hemorrhoids. The outcomes and postoperative complications were compared between 5 types of surgeries. Results. The efficacy rate was the highest in patients who received RPH+sMMH and decreased in the following order: patients who received RPH alone, MMH alone, procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids (PPH) alone, and PPH+sMMH ( P < .05). The operation time was the shortest in patients who received RPH alone and increased in the following order: patients who received RPH+sMMH, PPH alone, MMH alone, and PPH+sMMH ( P < .01). The duration of postoperative hospitalization stay was the shortest in patients who received RPH alone and increased in the following order: PPH alone, RPH+sMMH, PPH+sMMH, and MMH alone ( P < .01). The incidence of postoperative hemorrhage, uroschesis, anal fissure, crissum hematoma or thrombosis, and anorectal stenosis was significantly lower in patients who received RPH+sMMH than in patients who received the other 4 types of surgical treatments ( P < .05, P < .01). No significant differences in postoperative rectovaginal fistula and anal incontinence were observed between the 5 groups of patients. Conclusions. RPH with or without simplified MMH can reduce the incidence of postoperative complications and improve the curative efficacy in the treatment of patients with mixed hemorrhoids.
Outcomes of Surface Replacement Proximal Interphalangeal Joint Arthroplasty Using the Self Locking Finger Joint Implant: Minimum Two Years Follow-up
Authors: Komatsu Issei , Arishima Yoshiya , Shibahashi Hirotomo , Yamaguchi Toshihito , Minamikawa Yoshitaka
Published: September 2017

Background: The Self Locking Finger Joint (SLFJ) implant is a new type of surface replacement implant. The purpose of this study was to evaluate midterm clinical outcomes of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) arthroplasty with the SLFJ implant. Methods: We retrospectively studied 26 PIP joint arthroplasties using the SLFJ implant in 17 patients with osteoarthritis or posttraumatic osteoarthritis. Preoperative and postoperative range of motion, grip strength and key pinch, radiographic findings, and complications were evaluated. The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score, visual analog scale (VAS) score, course of pain, and patient satisfaction were obtained. Results: The mean follow-up time was 44 months (range, 24-76 months). The average active PIP joint arc of motion improved from 36° before surgery to 44° after surgery. Grip strength and key pinch showed no statistical difference between preoperative and postoperative assessments. The average DASH score and VAS score improved from 40 to 15 and from 5 to 1, respectively. Overall patient satisfaction was 94%. Ninety percent of implants showed osteointegration, and there were no radiographic signs of migration and loosening. Three joints (12%) showed abnormal heterotopic bone formation. Four joints (15%) had secondary surgery—1 joint needing joint head and socket replacement and 3 joints needing contracture release. Conclusions: Our minimum 2 years of follow-up evaluation of the SLFJ implant PIP joint arthroplasty demonstrated good pain relief and good overall patient satisfaction while maintaining joint range of motion. The SLFJ implant showed good osteointegration. Further longer-term prospective studies with various types of currently available implants are needed.
Utility of the iPhone 4 Gyroscope Application in the Measurement of Wrist Motion
Authors: Lendner Nuphar , Wells Erik , Lavi Idit , Kwok Yan Yan , Ho Pak-Cheong , Wollstein Ronit
Published: September 2017

Background: Measurement of wrist range of motion (ROM) is important to all aspects of treatment and rehabilitation of upper extremity conditions. Recently, gyroscopes have been used to measure ROM and may be more precise than manual evaluations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of the iPhone gyroscope application and compare it with use of a goniometer, specifically evaluating its accuracy and ease of use. Methods: A cross-sectional study evaluated adult Caucasian participants, with no evidence of wrist pathology. Wrist ROM measurements in 306 wrists using the 2 methods were compared. Demographic information was collected including age, sex, and occupation. Analysis included mixed models and Bland-Altman plots. Results: Wrist motion was similar between the 2 methods. Technical difficulties were encountered with gyroscope use. Age was an independent predictor of ROM. Conclusions: Correct measurement of ROM is critical to guide, compare, and evaluate treatment and rehabilitation of the upper extremity. Inaccurate measurements could mislead the surgeon and harm patient adherence with therapy or surgeon instruction. An application used by the patient could improve adherence but needs to be reliable and easy to use. Evaluation is necessary before utilization of such an application. This study supports revision of the application on the iPhone to improve ease of use.
Factors Associated With Radiographic Trapeziometacarpal Arthrosis in Patients Not Seeking Care for This Condition
Authors: Wilkens Suzanne C. , Tarabochia Matthew A. , Ring David , Chen Neal C.
Published: September 2017

Background: A common adage among hand surgeons is that the symptoms of trapeziometacarpal (TMC) arthrosis vary among patients independent of the radiographic severity. We studied factors associated with radiographic severity of TMC arthrosis, thumb pain, thumb-specific disability, pinch strength, and grip strength in patients not seeking care for TMC arthrosis. Our primary null hypothesis was that there are no factors independently associated with radiographic severity of TMC arthrosis according to the Eaton classification among patients not seeking care for TMC arthrosis. Methods: We enrolled 59 adult patients not seeking care for TMC arthrosis. We graded patients’ radiographic TMC arthrosis and asked all patients to complete a set of questionnaires: demographic survey, pain scale, TMC joint arthrosis–related symptoms and disability questionnaire (TASD), and a depression questionnaire. Metacarpophalangeal hyperextension and pinch and grip strength were measured, and the grind test and shoulder sign were performed. Results: Older age was the only factor associated with more advanced radiographic pathophysiology of TMC arthrosis. One in 5 patients not seeking care for TMC arthrosis experienced thumb pain; no factors were independently associated with having pain or limitations related to TMC arthrosis. Youth and male sex were associated with stronger pinch and grip strength. Conclusions: There are a large number of patients with relatively asymptomatic TMC arthrosis. Metacarpophalangeal hyperextension and female sex may have a relationship with symptoms, but further study is needed. Our data support the concept that TMC arthrosis does not correlate with radiographic arthrosis.
Blast resistance of membrane retrofit unreinforced masonry walls with flexible connections
Authors: Gagnet Eric M , Hoemann John M , Davidson James S
Published: September 2017

Unreinforced masonry infill walls are one of the most economical and widely used exterior wall systems. However, they can produce secondary fragments due to their brittle failure modes when subjected to an impulsive blast load. One retrofit to reinforce existing masonry walls is to install a membrane that prevents fragments from entering the building’s interior. Previous research focused on defining the resistance provided by the wall membrane system, but did not include flexibility of the attachments and their influence on the retrofitted wall system. This article addresses that issue through (1) a review of existing membrane retrofit resistance definitions, (2) a derivation of the resistance definition that includes connection flexibility, (3) validation of the derived resistance definition through nonlinear finite element analyses, and (4) comparison of the resistance in a single-degree-of-freedom framework against full-scale blast testing.
Nature of Injury and Risk of Multiple Claims Among Workers in Manitoba Health Care
Authors: Oranye Nelson Ositadimma
Published: September 2017

In industrial societies, work-related musculoskeletal disorders are common among workers, frequently resulting in recurrent injuries, work disability, and multiple compensation claims. The risk of idiopathic musculoskeletal injuries is thought to be more than twice the risk of any other health problem among workers in the health care sector. This risk is highly prevalent particularly among workers whose job involves frequent physical tasks, such as patient lifting and transfer. Workers with recurrent occupational injuries are likely to submit multiple work disability claims and progress to long-term disability. The objective of this study was to explore the influence of injury type and worker characteristics on multiple compensation claims, using workers’ compensation claims data. This retrospective study analyzed 11 years of secondary claims data for health care workers. Workers’ occupational groups were classified based on the nature of physical tasks associated with their jobs, and the nature of work injuries was categorized into non-musculoskeletal, and traumatic and idiopathic musculoskeletal injuries. The result shows that risk of multiple injury claims increased with age, and the odds were highest for older workers aged 55 to 64 (odds ratio [OR] = 3.5). A large proportion of those who made an injury claim made multiple claims that resulted in more lost time than single injury claims. The study conclusion is that the nature of injury and work tasks are probably more significant risk factors for multiple claims than worker characteristics.
Chest Deformity and Disability due to Tenofovir-Induced Hypophosphatemic Osteomalacia: Case Report and Call for Improved Global Access to Laboratory Testing
Authors: Hajek Jan , Ouma Simple , Hemmett Juliya , Starko Rob , Apiyo Paska
Published: September 2017

Millions of people worldwide take tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and/or hepatitis B infection. Although generally safe and well tolerated, clinicians need to be aware that TDF can cause proximal renal tubular dysfunction and loss of bone mineral density, especially in patients with concomitant renal disease or other risk factors. We present the case of a patient with chronic HIV infection and urethral stricture who developed TDF-related proximal renal tubular dysfunction with hypophosphatemia and osteomalacia, presenting with bone pains, skeletal deformity, and disability. We review risk factors for TDF-related renal tubular toxicity and recommendations for monitoring creatinine, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, and urinalysis.