bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Exploration of Psychological Factors on Emoticon Usage and Implications for Judgement Accuracy
Authors: Wall Helen Joanne , Kaye Linda Katherine , Malone Stephanie Ann
Published: August 2018

Given the increasing use of online platforms, the current research comprised two studies examining links between personality and emoticon use: Study 1 explored the psychological factors associated with emoticon usage on different online platforms (N = 92), and Study 2 assessed the accuracy of a group of observers’ personality judgements of Facebook users (N = 54). Participants in Study 1 comprised previously unacquainted dyads who each completed measures on their Big-5 personality, self-esteem, social anxiety, self-presentation, and self-reported usage of emoticons on email, text messages and Facebook. Participants provided Facebook data and interacted online with each other for ten-minutes. Trait analysis revealed that agreeableness was positively related to self-reported emoticon usage on Facebook, but not in texts or emails. In Study 2, observers viewed the Facebook stimuli and made personality assessments of the dyad members. Judgement accuracy was determined by correlating these assessments with targets’ own self-reported personality. Analyses revealed the highest level of accuracy for extraversion and openness. Finally, positive correlations were found between objective usage of “happy” emoticons and observers’ assessments of targets’ agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness. Taken together, findings indicate the importance of specific online behaviours in self-presentation, and their impact on judgement accuracy.
Categorizing and Ranking Graphs in the American Economic Review Over the Last Century
Authors: Schwabish Jonathan
Published: August 2018

The American Economic Review (AER) is one of the most prestigious journals in the field of economics. First published in 1911, the journal has published articles covering every aspect and topic in the field. AER articles are not just in-depth prose; they might also include tables, diagrams, and graphs. In this paper I ask two primary questions: First, do most graphs in the AER use data or are they somc kind of diagram or illustration of a theory or concept? Second, what kinds of graphs—lines, bars, pies, etc.—do economists use to help visualize their arguments in the AER? And third, are those graphs of generally high quality? To help shed some light on those questions, I collect, catalog, and—using Amazon’s Mechanical Turk platform—rate every graph in the first volume of the AER from 1911 to 2017. I find that the share of graphs that use data fell over the first half of the century and then increased from about the early 1980s to today. I also find that economists use a lot of line charts—of the more than 2,600 graphs in total, more than 80% are line charts. Finally, I find a U-shaped curve in perceived graph quality, falling to a low in the early-1960s and rising over the past several decades, on average reaching a level only slightly higher than in the first issues. This research is the first step in understanding how economists use data visualization to communicate their work and can help provide a basis for effective strategies that will enable better communication of that work.
Services Innovation of Sikda Optima Program at Puskesmas Jaya Mukti Dumai City
Authors: saputra Trio , marlinda pebriana
Published: August 2018

The purpose of this research is to describe the innovation of optimal service at the Puskesmas Jaya Mukti Dumai city. By the aims to analyze the benefits of community services through Health Information System (Sikda) optima program, researchers use qualitative data analysis methods. Furthermore from the information and data obtained will be drawn conclusions that are ground.Where can be done inductively, that is with a term that starts from the things that are specific to things that are universal. The result of the research show that the innovation of optima service at Puskesmas Jaya Mukti Dumai city properly runs and in line with the society'sexpectation. But there is still the need for application development to be more optimal, and the government is downloading the old report inside the optima application. The advantages of optima optical innovation seen from the attribute of triability (recommended to try) is less than the maximum because there are still some who do not know the process. Therefore, Puskesmas uses online and television media in providing information besides conducted the socialization in the field. The service responsibilities felt by the Puskesmas employees is a better and culture than the community given by the Puskesmas.
SISTEM INFORMASI PENDATAAN TENDER PADA DINAS BINA MARGA PROVINSI LAMPUNG
Authors: Fahurian Fatimah
Published: August 2018

Proses pendataan peserta tender pada Dinas Bina Marga Provinsi Lampung masih menggunakan pencatatan dalam buku besar sehingga proses pencarian data masih memerlukan waktu yang relatif lama. Hal inilah yang menjadi dasar untuk mengembangkan sistem informasi pendataan tender. Sistem informasi pendataan tender dibangun dengan tujuan mengetahui masalah – masalah yang dihadapi dalam pendataan tender. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, penelitian ini mengusulkan sebuah sistam yang dapat menghasilkan suatu sistem informasi yang dapat membantu dalam mendata para peserta tender yang ada di Dinas Bina Marga Provinsi Lampun Oleh sebab itu diperlukan sebuah sistem informasi pendataan tender yang mana sistem tersebut diharapkan dapat mengatasi masalah yang terjadi pada proses pendataan peserta tender.
Conducting Sensitivity Analyses to Identify and Buffer Power Vulnerabilities in Studies Examining Substance Use over Time
Authors: Lane Sean Patrick , Hennes Erin
Published: August 2018

Introduction: A priori power analysis is increasingly being recognized as a useful tool for designing efficient research studies that improve the probability of robust and publishable results. However, power analyses for many empirical designs in the addiction sciences require consideration of numerous parameters. Identifying appropriate parameter estimates is challenging due to multiple sources of uncertainty, which can limit power analyses’ utility. Method: We demonstrate a sensitivity analysis approach for systematically investigating the impact of various model parameters on power. We illustrate this approach using three design aspects of importance for substance use researchers conducting longitudinal studies ─ base rates, individual differences (i.e., random slopes), and correlated predictors (e.g., co-use) ─ and examine how sensitivity analyses can illuminate strategies for controlling power vulnerabilities in such parameters.Results: Even large numbers of participants and/or repeated assessments can be insufficient to observe associations when substance use base rates are too low or too high. Large individual differences can adversely affect power, even with increased assessments. Collinear predictors are rarely detrimental unless the correlation is high.Conclusions: Increasing participants is usually more effective at buffering power than increasing assessments. Research designs can often enhance power by assessing participants twice as frequently as substance use occurs. Heterogeneity should be carefully estimated or empirically controlled, whereas collinearity infrequently impacts power significantly. Sensitivity analyses can identify regions of model parameter spaces that are vulnerable to bad guesses or sampling variability. These insights can be used to design robust studies that make optimal use of limited resources.
What about the Male Victims? Exploring the Impact of Gender Stereotyping on Implicit Attitudes and Behavioural Intentions Associated with Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Bates Elizabeth , Kaye Linda Katherine , Pennington Charlotte Rebecca , Hamlin Iain
Published: August 2018

Although intimate partner violence (IPV) is considered stereotypically as a gendered phenomenon, empirical evidence contradicts such gender asymmetry in reported rates of victimisation and perpetration. The current research explored the impact of stereotype priming on implicit attitudes associated with IPV victimisation (Study 1) and perpetration (Study 2), and further examined behavioural intentions associated with hypothetical gendered scenarios of IPV. Participants recruited in the United Kingdom were primed with either stereotype congruent, incongruent or no information about IPV victimisation (Study 1, n = 122) or perpetration rates (Study 2, n = 101). They then completed an Implicit Association Test and reported their subjective norms, self-efficacy, behavioural intentions, and outcome expectancies pertaining to different scenarios depicting gendered IPV. Findings indicate that priming an incongruent stereotype did not impact significantly on implicit or explicit attitudes toward IPV. Gendered scenarios were found to be influential on explicit attitudes, with IPV less likely to be identified toward male victims and considered more acceptable compared to when the victim was female. Moreover, individuals reported feeling more capable and likely to intervene in an act of IPV when the victim was female compared to male, were more likely to report such an incident, and anticipated greater outcomes. These findings highlight the need for an inclusive research approach that recognises men’s victimisation.
School Screening For Scoliosis in the Eastern Part of Nepal
Authors: Sitoula Prakash
Published: August 2018

Background: Scoliosis is common in children of school going age particularly in the adolescents. This condition is asymptomatic and often children present in the advanced stage of this condition with large deformity. Therefore, early detection avoids the problems associated with large curves. Material and Methods: Retrospective analysis of data obtained from screening of eight schools in the eastern part of Nepal between April 2016 and May 2017 was done; Morang district (5 schools) and Sunsari district (3 schools). A consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon, a trained Physiotherapist and an Orthopaedic nurse conducted school screening for scoliosis using the Adam’s forward bend test in the Morang district while the latter two were involved in screening in the Sunsari district. The data collected included demographics, number of positive cases and treatment prescribed. Results: 5505 children {2840 boys (51.6%) and 2665 girls (48.4%)} were screened for scoliosis in this period. Majority of patients were from the Morang district (86.2%). All six children (five girls and one boy) who were found to have positive Adam’s forward test had adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. One child had a curve of 35 degrees and bracing was started. Rest of the children had curves less than 25 degrees and were kept on regular follow up. The referral rate was 1.1 per 1000 children screened for scoliosis. Conclusion: Though the overall prevalence of scoliosis appears to be less in our population, school screening is still important for two main reasons. This may be the only way to detect cases early so that treatment can be instituted before deformity becomes large. Secondly, this activity would also spread awareness about this little known condition in the community. Journal of Nobel Medical College Volume 7, Number 1, Issue 12, January-June 2018, Page: 37-40
Bacteriological analysis of bile in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients
Authors: Koirala Ashok , Thakur Dipendra , Agrawal Sunit , Sharma Abhilasha
Published: August 2018

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is commonly performed operation for symptomatic gall stone disease. The presence of stones within the biliary system is associated with the bacterial colonization of the bile. The aim of this study is to evaluate the bacteriological profile of the bile and to determine appropriate antibiotics for preoperative prophylaxis in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients. Material & Methods: A prospective study was carried out in NMCTH, Biratnagar from June2017- May 2018. A total of 100 patients admitted through OPD of our hospital for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were studied. About 5ml of bile aspirated from gall bladder was transported to laboratory in sterile syringe for culture and sensitivity. All age groups and both sex were included. Results: Bile culture was positive in 16 patients. The most common organisms isolated from bile was Escherichia coli (50%) followed by Klebsiella species (25%). Histopathological report of all 16 cases revealed chronic cholecystitis. Wound infection was seen in 5% cases and all were bile culture positive. Most sensitive drug was found to be aminoglycoside group followed by piperacilin and tazobactam. Conclusion: Most common organism isolated from bile culture was Escherichia coli. Aminoglycoside group of drugs was found to be more promising compared to other group of drugs. It can be considered as a first line drug for preoperative prophylaxis for patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy for symptomatic cholelithiasis. Journal of Nobel Medical College Volume 7, Number 1, Issue 12, January-June 2018, Page: 41-44
EDITORIAL - On Creative Approaches to Research
Authors: Bellaera Lauren , Moyo Awelani , Simecek Karen , Williams Rebecca , Bellaera Lauren , Moyo Awelani , Simecek Karen , Williams Rebecca
Published: August 2018

Editorial
'Outsmarting Traffic, Together': Driving as Social Navigation
Authors: Hind Sam , Gekker Alex , Hind Sam , Gekker Alex
Published: August 2018

The automotive world is evolving. Ten years ago Nigel Thrift (2004: 41) made the claim that the experience of driving was slipping into our 'technological unconscious'. Only recently the New York Times suggested that with the rise of automated driving, standalone navigation tools as we know them would cease to exist, instead being 'fully absorbed into the machine' (Fisher, 2013). But in order to bridge the gap between past and future driving worlds, another technological evolution is emerging. This short, critical piece charts the rise of what has been called 'social navigation' in the industry; the development of digital mapping platforms designed to foster automotive sociality. It makes two provisional points. Firstly, that 'ludic' conceptualisations can shed light on the ongoing reconfiguration of drivers, vehicles, roads and technological aids such as touch-screen satellite navigation platforms. And secondly, that as a result of this, there is a coming-into-being of a new kind of driving politics; a 'casual politicking' centred on an engagement with digital interfaces. We explicate both by turning our attention towards Waze; a social navigation application that encourages users to interact with various driving dynamics.
Representing Prisoner of War Experience: One-day Interdisciplinary Conference
Authors: Huxford Grace , Huxford Grace
Published: August 2018

On 9 November 2013 the Prisoner of War Network, in conjunction with the War and Representation Network (WAR-Net), brought together forty academics and researchers at the University of Warwick to discuss ‘Representations of Prisoner of War Experience’. In response to Paul Gready’s claim that ‘to be a prisoner is to be variously written’, scholars from across Europe and North America and a wide range of disciplines (including history, film, politics, literature, history of art and archaeology) discussed the fascinating work being done in the emergent field of prisoner of war studies, as well as the possible future directions and challenges for such research. Eighteen speakers approached the question of the representation of prisoner of war experience, both by the historical actors who underwent forced dislocation (captors and captives alike) and by researchers themselves. Image: David Thompson (flikr)
Shakespeare and War: a reflection on instances of dramatic production, appropriation, and celebration
Authors: Alexander Catherine , Alexander Catherine
Published: August 2018

This article draws on a range of literary, theatre, and printed news sources in order to explore the portrayal of Shakespeare and some of his plays in relation to war. This exploration is timely, given the anniversary of the playwright’s birth and of the start of the First World War. Particular attention is given to the society of Elizabethan England, to nineteenth and twentieth century theatre and film productions of Henry V, and other events during the early years of the 1914-1918 war, revealing the many diverse ways in which the man and his work has been appropriated.
Michael Scott
Authors: Hussein Ersin , Hussein Ersin
Published: August 2018

Associate Professor Michael Scott is a researcher and lecturer based in the department of Classics and Ancient History at the University of Warwick. He is also President of the Lytham St Annes Classical Association. Prior to his appointment at Warwick, Michael was the Moses and Mary Finley Research Fellow in ancient history at Darwin College, as well as an Affiliated Lecturer in the Faculty of Classics, at Cambridge University.Michael's research and teaching engages with interdisciplinary approaches to the literary, epigraphic and material evidence to investigate ancient Greek and Roman society, particularly focusing on Delphi and Olympia as religious spaces.While Michael has contributed significantly to the field of classics and ancient history by publishing extensively, he has also enjoyed great success in engaging wider audiences with the ancient world. He regularly talks in schools around the country, writes books intended for the popular market as well as articles for national and international newspapers and magazines. Michael's experience in writing and presenting a range of programmes intended for TV and radio audiences has made him a household name. He has written and presented programmes for the National Geographic, History Channel, Nova, and the BBC including Delphi: bellybutton of the ancient world (BBC4); Guilty Pleasures: luxury in the ancient and medieval words (BBC4); Jesus: rise to power (Natural Geographic); Ancient Discoveries (History Channel); Who were the Greeks? (BBC2); The Mystery of the X Tombs (BBC2/Nova); The Greatest Show on Earth (BBC4, in conjunction with the Open University). He has also presented a radio series for BBC Radio 4, Spin the Globe. Michael's most recent programme, Roman Britain from the Air, was aired on ITV in December 2014.In this interview, I talk to him about his engagement with other disciplines within the humanities, his forthcoming book project, and his experiences writing and presenting TV and radio documentaries.
Interrogating Practices of Gender, Religion and Nationalism in the Representation of Muslim Women in Bollywood: Contexts of Change, Sites of Continuity
Authors: Hussein Nazia , Hussain Saba , Hussein Nazia , Hussein Saba
Published: August 2018

Through a discourse analysis of four commercially successful Bollywood films between 2012-2013, this paper investigates Bollywood’s role in creation of hierarchical identities in the Indian society wherein Muslims occupy the position of the inferior ‘other’ to the superior Hindu ‘self’. Focusing on Muslim heroines, the paper demonstrates that the selected narratives attempt to move away from the older binary identity narratives of Muslim women such as nation vs. religion and hyper-sexualised courtesan vs. subservient veiled women,  towards identity narratives borne out of Muslim women’s choice of education, career and life partner, political participation, and embodied practices. However, in comparison to signs of change the sites of continuity are strongly embedded in the religious-nationalistic meta-narrative that drives the paradigms of Indian femininity/ womanhood. To conclude, the nature of the recent deployment of Muslim heroines in Bollywood  reinforce the hierarchy between the genders (male-female), between the communities (Hindu-Muslim) and between nations (India- Pakistan).
Teaching Synaesthesia as a Gateway to Creativity
Authors: Murgia Monica D. , Murgia Monica D.
Published: August 2018

This article encapsulates my experience of teaching creativity within a higher education curriculum. Creativity often eludes common understanding because it involves using different conceptual streams of thought, often times developing unconsciously and manifesting in the prized “eureka” moment. In 2009, I began explaining the neurological condition of synaesthesia and later introduced this phenomenology in a course designed to cultivate creativity to first year fashion design students. There are many challenges in teaching creativity. Through teaching this course, I discovered that the first challenge is making the students conscious of their own qualitative beliefs on creativity and art. The second is creating exercises to challenge and alter these beliefs, thus forming a new way of thinking and experiencing the world. The most resistance from my students arose when experimenting with non-representational art. They did not have a conscious framework for making and evaluating abstract art. Introducing synaesthesia, a neurologically-based condition that “merges” two or more sensory pathways in the brain, gave my students a framework for discovery. Understanding sensory modalities and ways in which these modalities can blended together in synaesthesia proved to be a gateway to creativity in many of my students. The scope of this article chronicles how I developed my teaching methodology, the results it created in my classroom, as well as its effects on my own artistic practice.
Ideals and Practices of Rationality – An Interview with Lorraine Daston
Authors: Bycroft Michael Trevor , Bycroft Michael Trevor
Published: August 2018

Lorraine Daston is a historian of science based at the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science in Berlin, where she has directed a research group since 1995. Her career spans five decades and has included award-winning monographs such as Classical Probability in the Enlightenment (1988), Wonders and the Order of Nature (with Katherine Park, 1998), and Objectivity (with Peter Galison, 2007), as well as a large number of collective works. She visited the University of Warwick in March 2017 to deliver the Vice-Chancellor’s Distinguished Lecture. In a wide-ranging interview, she spoke about the evolution of the discipline of the history of science; the research programme known as historical epistemology; the nuts and bolts of collaboration in the humanities; her current research on archives in the sciences and the humanities; and the transience of scientific theories.
Brasiguaio Identities: An outcome of the pursuit of land across the Brazilian and Paraguayan shared border region
Authors: Estrada Marcos , Estrada Marcos
Published: August 2018

The movement of people between places is far from being a new or isolated phenomenon and is happening more often than before. This is also the case for individuals who moved from Brazil and Paraguay. Based on the existing literature as well as on data gathered in the landless camp Antônio Irmão, also known locally as the ‘Brasiguaios landless camp’ in Itaquiraí in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, this article explains how their search for a piece of land in either Brazil and Paraguay influenced the formation of the Brasiguaios identities. First, I briefly approach the foundation of transnationalism scholarship, which guided my research. Next, I demonstrate how land policies in Brazil and Paraguay, aimed at developing their respective border regions, played a role in the migration of Brazilians to Paraguayan and then the return of a number of them to Brazil. Last, I share the narrative of individuals in the Brasiguaio landless camp in the pursuit of land in either country. At the core of my argument is that the Brasiguaio identities of this landless group result from their pursuit of land rather than from migration processes.
In Conversation with Professor David Greenwood
Authors: Shojaei Sina , Shojaei Sina
Published: August 2018

Professor David Greenwood offers insights into the challenges and current and future development trends in the automotive industry. Based on his broad experience in this sector, Professor Greenwood discusses a wide range of topics, such as global and UK automotive industry markets, emerging technologies in energy storage and its impacts on the environment and vehicle performance, and autonomous and future vehicles.
TRANSNATIONAL CLUSTERS SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS IN EUROPEAN ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
Authors: Kovalenko S.I.
Published: August 2018

The presented work is dedicated to research of essence and internal links of transnational cluster systems as a factor contributing to competitiveness of the Black Sea Euroregion in view of advancing integration processes and necessity to increase part played by economy of peripheral territories within cross-border cooperation framework. Strategic priorities of network forms of cooperation within the context of the EU cross-border cooperation policy are identified. Advantages and parameters of cross-border industrial quasi-integration are explained in view of prospects of Ukraine entry into the EU. This work is dedicated to exploration of main features inherent to meso-level of international integration formations representing network structures in intra-branch and inter-branch cooperation in the form of cross-border cluster systems encompassing macro-levels and micro-level of integration of national economy of multiple states. Possibilities of theory synthesis of international economic integration and cluster concept in economic area virtualization environment are revealed. Cluster approach is proved to be the most efficient mechanism to develop cross-border economic relations and represents, finally, a meso-level of competitive international integration systems and mandatory condition of quality advance for Ukrainian European integration.In the article it is stated that cross-border cluster unities in accordance with the worldwide experience become new forms of innovative development of the European regions with the involvement of Ukraine. The essence and inner interrelations of cross-border network cluster is investigated as the growth factor of the European region competitiveness under the conditions of intensifying the integration processes and the necessity of enhancement of the role of periphery regions’ economy in the framework of cross-border cooperation. Within the context of European Union regional politics the strategic priorities of the spatial development of the European regions are stated on the basis of self-organization of “hybrid” network quasi integration institutions. Their role in the competitive recovery of the European regions in the light of Ukrainian perspectives of joining European Union is investigated.
A new mud-pulse rocks destruction technology is a prospect to the effective earth reclamation
Authors:   Institute of mining named after D.A. Kunaev, Buktukov N.S. , Gumennikov E.S. ,   Institute of mining named after D.A. Kunaev
Published: August 2018

A comparative analysis of the mud-pulse destruction efficiency of tough and sharp rocks in the ore industry relatively to the existing drilling and blasting technology, as well as the testing destruction processes by hypersonic steel and hollow charge projectiles is provided in the article. The reasoned explanations of the compared processes of the hypersonic projectiles introduction into the solid and the character of the volumetric breaking are given. The features of technical, social and economic efficiency of mud-pulse technology are listed in the mode of hypersonic interaction with the destroyed solid. The method and design of environmentally sound electric-discharge drive for mud-pulse devices primarily constructed for the strong rocks destruction is described. This method is demonstrated to involve rapid overheating of a part of weak electrolyte (for example, salted water) by a powerful electric discharge and the following water discharge under the extreme pressure of the vapor-ionic substance on the tail section of the water charge. The new forceful electric discharge drive is the major unit in the complex of highly effective and environmentally sound rock-destructing mechanism operating in the flow line mode when cavern excavations. Alongside, the article provides experimental design of a mud-pulse rock-destruction device is the current model of a new drilling tool for the large-diameter gasification wells sinking along the coal beds with the inclusion of a large number of rock formations with an impulse striking power of up to 25 kJ. The results of laboratory tests are provided. The received data and characteristics of the units and model parts operation will be used to create industrial samples of the new equipment.
Combined technology for gold desorption and ionite regeneration in the conical device
Authors:   Satbayev University, Altynbek Sh.Ch. , Baikonurova A.O. ,   Satbayev University, Bolotova L.S. ,   State scientific-industrial association of industrial ecology Kazmekhanobr, Misra B. ,   Worcester Polytechnic Institute
Published: August 2018

The principal technological scheme of desorption of gold and concomitant metal-impurities from the AM-2B resin phase used for the sorption processing of gold-bearing ores is considered. The proposed combined scheme, involving the use of two traditional, independent from each other methods (thiocyanate and acid-thiourea) for eluting gold, includes desorption of metal impurities from the resin with alkaline solutions of sodium thiocyanate, and gold with sulfuric acid solutions of thiourea. To shorten the duration of the process research of proposed technology was carried out the in a conical apparatus. The results of study of the elution of gold and impurity metals from anionite saturated with the following components, mg/g: Au – 2.6; Cu – 3.5; Zn – 1.3; Ni – 2.9; Co – 3.3, are given. It is shown that the main amount of impurity metals is desorbed from the resin upon its thiocyanate treatment, while the transition of gold into the eluate is negligible. The composition of the eluate in the thiocyanate treatment of saturated resin is, mg/l: Au – 1.7; Cu – 156.0; Zn – 53.0; Ni – 89.0; Co – 102.0. The subsequent treatment of the resin with sulfuric acid solutions of thiourea allows the conversion of 89.32 % of gold from the ion exchanger into the eluate. The resulting eluates containing ~113.0 mg/l gold and a small amount of impurities are target solutions for obtaining a valuable metal. The ion exchanger was regenerated by washing with water and treating with an alkaline solution of sodium to convert it to OH form, since gold sorption is carried out from alkaline cyanide solutions of heap leaching. Residual contents of components in the resin after regeneration were, mg/g: Au – 0.24; Cu – 0.23; Zn – 0.15; Ni – 0.07; Co – 1.29, which allows the successful use of the regenerated resin in the next stage of sorption.
Massenkonsum in der DDR: zwischen egalitärem Anspruch, Herrschaftslegitimation und „exquisiter“ Individualisierung
Authors: Roesler Jörg
Published: August 2018

Mass Consumption in the GDR. East Germanys communist party policy was directed to a steady increase of consumption from the low level after Second World War. The consumption patterns were not dictated by Marxist theory but by the shop window reality of West Germany. According to the wishes of the people – and Marxist ideas - the delivery of goods was comparatively equal to every citizen. In the 1980s both consumption policy goals could not be met any longer as a result of economic weakness and mounting indebtedness of GDR. This was one important reason, why the population turned its back to communism mentally - and in 1989 increasingly also physically. The GDR collapsed in 1990.
Editorial: Ökonomie des Konsums
Authors: Redaktion PROKLA
Published: August 2018

"... durch den Luxus finden Millionen Armer sich erhalten. Auch durch den Stolz, den alle schalten. Nicht minder dient der Neid sowie die Eitelkeit der Industrie. Die Sucht, sich als modern in Speisen, in Kleid und Möbeln zu erweisen, stets ein Objekt des Spottes zwar, des Handels wahre Triebkraft war. ..."

so schrieb Bernard Mandeville 1705 in seiner Bienenfabel und führte damit vor genau 300 Jahren eine Argumentationsfigur ein, die den Konsum der Wohlhabenden in ein damals gänzlich neues Licht tauchte. Tatsächlich erfolgten im Lauf des 18. Jahrhunderts Veränderungen im Alltagsleben, die Historiker bereits für diese Periode in England von einer „Konsumrevolution“ sprechen lassen. Anzeichen dafür gab es im zunehmenden Verbrauch von Tee, dessen Import um das 200fache stieg und und die nationale Sitte der teatime begründete, oder im Erfolg des Manufaktur-Unternehmers Josiah Wedgwood, der die besseren Kreise mit feinem weißen Porzellan und vielfältigsten Mustern versorgte. Wie Neil McKendrick festgestellt hat, wurden aus früheren „Luxuswaren“ nunmehr „Annehmlichkeiten“ und aus diesen bald „Notwendigkeiten“. Bis dahin hatten soziale oder religiöse Normen für die einzelnen Stände geregelt, was ihnen an Unentbehrlichem oder an Überflüssigem zustand. Nur für die oberste Schicht der Gesellschaft galten Prunk und Verschwendung als angemessen. Die Standesunterschiede sollten sich in der Lebensführung abbilden und die mittleren und niedrigeren Schichten vor den Versuchungen einer leichtsinnigen Lebensführung bewahrt werden: indem man vorschrieb, wer Samt und Seide oder Schnabelschuhe tragen durfte oder aber wie viele Gäste höchstens bei einer Hochzeit einzuladen waren. Zwar dehnten sich kapitalistische Lohnarbeit und Geldwirtschaft aus, doch musste die große Masse der Bevölkerung genügsam bleiben. Viele puritanische Unternehmer begrenzten nicht nur die Kaufkraft ihrer Arbeiter durch niedrige Löhne, sondern hingen auch selbst den Idealen der Sparsamkeit und der Askese an. Ihre Gewinne investierten sie eher ins eigene Geschäft als sie für Luxus und Tand auszugeben. Theateraufführungen erschienen ihnen als frivole Vergnügungen, kostbare Kleidungsstücke als Zeichen verwerflicher Eitelkeit. Der Autor der Bienenfabel wurde von seinen Zeitgenossen daher heftig getadelt, er würde zur „Lasterhaftigkeit“ ermutigen, wogegen er sich verwahrte. Er wolle lediglich beweisen, dass die immer neuen Bedürfnisse der Reichen Gewerbe und Handel belebten: „Private Vices, Publick Benefits“.
Anarchismus-Agnolismus
Authors: Kellermann Phillipe
Published: August 2018

Philippe Kellerman: Anarchism-Agnolism. On the failed performance of a libertarianMarx in „Marxism-Agnolism“. It is shown that Johannes Agnoli, the famous libertarianMarxist, can only present his „Kritik der Politik“ as being related to Marx by suppressing orplaying down the historical dispute between Marx and the anarchist movement. Instead, wesee that in central parts of his theory Agnoli takes up those anarchistic positions that Marxvehemently fought against.
Textbook Economics: Zur Wissenschaftssoziologie eines wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Genres
Authors: Pahl Hanno
Published: August 2018

Hanno Pahl: Textbook Economics: A Social Studies of Science Perspective. The paper arguesthat introductory textbooks in economics are an important object of inquiry. Althoughthe knowledge presented in this type of literature often does not cover the research frontiersof the discipline, economics textbooks are influential media of the external communicationof mainstream economics as well as agents of academic socialization on the inside. Therefore,they need to be analysed in terms of content and rhetorical strategies, a task that is notidentical with the general critique of neoclassical economics. A case study is undertaken toidentify symptomatic and problematic framings of the bodies of knowledge in three populartextbooks. The final section contextualizes the findings and poses further research questions.
Editorial: Deutschland – Krisengewinner?
Authors: Redaktion PROKLA
Published: August 2018

„Wir wollen gestärkt aus dieser Krise hervorgehen“, hatte Bundeskanzlerin Merkel vor der Europawahl 2009 verkündet. Sie scheint ihr Ziel erreicht zu haben. Als wir das vorliegende Heft konzipierten, erschien Deutschland jedenfalls als Krisengewinner. Die deutsche Wirtschaft war zwar aufgrund ihrer hohen Exportabhängigkeit relativ stark von der Rezession zwischen dem Herbst 2008 und dem Frühjahr 2009 betroffen, erholte sich dann jedoch rasch wieder. Während das Bruttoinlandsprodukt 2009 um 4,7% schrumpfte, wuchs es 2010 um 3,5%. Dass auf den tiefen Einschnitt eine Periode kräftigen Wachstums folgte, war an sich nicht weiter verwunderlich: Es handelte sich im Grunde nur um eine Rückkehr zu dem Reproduktionsniveau vor der Krise. Es wurde bereits Mitte 2011 wieder erreicht. Im Vergleich zu den europäischen Nachbarn ist das ökonomische und politische Gewicht Deutschlands aber gewachsen. Lag der deutsche Anteil am Sozialprodukt der 27 EU-Länder 2007 bei 19,6%, so stieg er bis 2010 auf 21,9%.
Man spricht deutsch: Eine trügerische Erfolgsgeschichte
Authors: Lehndorff Steffen
Published: August 2018

The European crisis is giving rise to highly controversial statements on the role of Germany. The paperhighlights Germany’s role as the single most important problem maker, rather than problemtaker, in the course of the current revival of neoliberal economic policy reforms in Europe.Major roots of the deepening imbalances in the Eurozone are ascribed to a reshaped Germanmodel of capitalism which is analysed as a hybrid of surviving powerful features of ‘Rhenish’capitalism and neoliberal upheavals in the labour market. As a consequence, the austerity regimeimposed on other countries by the German government may be economically beneficialfor Germany in the short run but will most presumably prove to be a disaster in the longer runboth for individual countries and for Europe as a whole.
An die Wertschöpfungskette gelegt
Authors: Scheuplein Christoph
Published: August 2018

In the past decade, there has been a wave of acquisitions in the German automotive supplier industry by private equity. The financialinvestors seemed to reorganize the sector but this process was abruptly halted becauseof the world economic crisis from 2008. A number of companies high above average ownedby private equity fell into insolvency and, overall, the power structures in the value chain ofthe industry remained stable. This is illustrated by means of empirical data of 163 corporatetakeovers. The example illustrates that the financial market capitalism is not able to establisha stable production regime yet.
Finanzdominierte Akkumulation und die Krise in Europa
Authors: Demirovic Alex , Sablowski Thomas
Published: August 2018

The present crisis in Europe is just one form of a multiple crisis of the social formationdominated by the capitalist mode of production. More specifically it is a crisis of the financedominatedregime of accumulation which developed as a response to the crisis of Fordismsince the 1980s. In this article, first we analyze the contradictions of the finance-dominatedregime of accumulation and the contradictions of the crisis management of the ruling classes.
Das spanische Modell
Authors: López Isidro , Rodríguez Emmanuel
Published: August 2018

Prior to the debacle of 2008,Spain’s economy was an object of particular admiration for Western commentators. In thecontext of the global crisis, however, Spain has been hovering on the brink of classification asa case for Eurozone bail-out, following Greece, Ireland and Portugal. We borrow from RobertBrenner’s concept of ‘asset-price Keynesianism’ in order to analyse the recent crash of theSpanish economy as well as its social and political consequences. The bursting of the Spanishbubble has torn the veil from a highly polarized social order, with a large proportion of thepopulation deep in debt, many out of work and dependent on public services doubly hit byspending cuts and privatization.
“Lo llaman democracia y no lo es”
Authors: Espinar Ramón , Abellán Jacobo
Published: August 2018

Since May 15th,2011, major transformations have been taking place in the Spanish public sphere, especiallybecause of the celebration of political debate with major affluence on public squares. TheSpanish ‘15-M movement’ presents three key characteristics: First, it demands a renovation ofmodern democracy; second, it opposes to the implemented programmes of structural adjustment,public budget consolidation and, in broader terms, neoliberal policy application andthird, it develops formerly unknown or only among left-wing activists known forms of collectivedecision making and re-appropriation of public space. The following article will discussthe first two aspects. After a chronologic description of collective action applied by the 15-Mmovement, the text will develop analytical insights into questions regarding concepts such asdemocracy, citizenship and political identities.
Soziale Proteste in Israel: die Eroberung neuer sozialer Räume
Authors: Eizenberg Efrat
Published: August 2018

This assay recaps the social struggle in Israel that begun in the summer of 2011. It offers somecomparison between praxis and discourse of protest in Israel and some of the other socialstruggles of 2011. Mainly, this assay captures some of the main coordinates of the social strugglethat are unique to the Israeli politico-economic context, namely the effort to constitute asocial sphere that is based on economic justice while suppressing the dominant political divideover the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. For this end I will review those methods of building newcommon grounds, claims that the protest in Israel was able to disseminate, and its achievementsso far.
Der Aufstieg von Ansar Allah im Jemen.
Authors: Radl Sascha
Published: August 2018

At first sight, the civil war in Yemen seems to be a sectarian conflict between shia and sunni Islam. In contrast, this article explores the political economy dimensions of the conflict. During the 1970s, the northern Yemen Arab Republic has seen the emergence of a middle class based on foreign remittances, thus increased consumption, economic growth and agricultural modernization in particular. An economic crisis and new oil discoveries in the 1980s lead to a turn-around of the relations between the former powerful middle class and the government which was now able to co-opt the opposition. The subsequent inability to find a solution for the economic problems and the consequences of the reunification in the 1990s lead to externally forced neoliberal structural adjustment, including financial austerity, and as a result to social decline. Ansar Allah provided an alternative order and therefore the group was able to mobilize the middle class in opposition to the regime.
Ein Elefant auf Abwegen.
Authors: Wiebel Andreas
Published: August 2018

Why did Narendra Modi become the new prime minister of India? What are the consequences of his election for Indian society? After giving a brief overview over hindunational principles and history, the article focuses on two aspects: the alliance between neoliberal economy and right-wing Hindunationalism (Hindutva) and Communalism, which can be seen as the political strategy to organize majorities for this two-headed project. By shifting towards a Hindu state, India said goodbye to the secular and pluralistic columns of Nehruvianism. On the surface Modi appears to be a big reformer, but underneath one can clearly see that his economic growth agenda benefits only parts of Indian society, and that on a structural level the Hindutva movement is fighting for a cultural turning point concerning language, religion and nation, called Hindi, Hindu, Hindustan.
Was ist wirklich dran an der deutschen Führungsrolle in der EU?
Authors: Wahl Peter
Published: August 2018

There was a common sense among the mainstream of the European Left that Germany has become the hegemon in the EU. The refugee crisis reveals that this narrative was premature. The article clarifies central concepts such as dominance, hegemony and leadership and analyses the German power behind its military, economic, political and soft power potential. It concludes that only on economic terrain Germany is ahead of its main rivals France and UK. But the country does not have a sufficient potential for a hegemon. Hence, the traditional power hierarchy in the EU prevails with the French-German condominium on top, while coalitions of opponents, such as the Visegrad Group, successfully resists any leadership in specific areas.
Die verbindende Partei im Praxis-Text.
Authors: Candeias Mario
Published: August 2018

This article critically responds to Dario Azzelinis’ essay in PROKLA 181 and discusses new strategies to reorganize the relationship between left-wing political parties and social movements. It has always been a contested question how this relation should look like. Concepts about new types of party-movement relations like the Mosaic Left or the Connective Party try to rethink the tension theoretically while in practice, new developments in Greece and Spain seem to promise an important step towards building new connections. This article tries to analyze progress and problems, even failures, and to draw lessons for developing new theories and future political practises.
Markt-Religion
Authors: Solty Ingar
Published: August 2018

The paper starts with a critique of the common notion of a fundamental divide between right-wing evangelicals and libertarians,“ i.e. „value“ and „business conservatives.” It also problematizes the underlying return of Lukacs’ian/Frankfurt School type of theories of „false consciousness,“ which fall behind the achievements of Gramscian and post-Althusserian theorizations of ideology and points towards the lack of a religious/Christian Democracy cleavage in the U.S. and, as a consequence, the specifically particularistic nature of the U.S. welfare state. The article then proceeds by linking the regional specifics of right-wing evangelicalism in the South and bordering Mid-West to U.S. capital’s domestic spatial fixes during the late 1960s and early 1970s. Finally, challenging right-wing populism in the United States would necessitate a break with the neoliberal anti-discrimination approach professed by the liberal Democrats.
Die Energiewende unter dem Druck (skalarer) Kräfteverschiebungen.
Authors: Haas Tobias
Published: August 2018

The article argues that there has been a transformation of the German Energy Turn (Energiewende) within the last couple of years. This transformation happens due to an offense of social forces that aim to slow down and push the Energiewende into another, more centralized direction. This push to reconfigure the Energiewende is articulated and strengthened through the contested environmental and energy aid guidelines on the European scale. The multi-scalar shift of relations of forces are materialized in the Renewable Energy Act from 2014 (EEG 2.0).
Jenseits des Bürgerinvestors: Energiewende need Degrowth
Authors: Schachtschneider Ulrich
Published: August 2018

The German Energiewende (Energy Turn) in the electricity sector should be understood as ecological progress and as an example that current politics don’t necessarily all follow the neoliberal paradigm. However, the way of financing the Energiewende has lead to more inequality. Both the ongoing technological transformation following the idea of a Green New Deal and the paradigm „Bürgerenergiewende“ are not in danger with the new EEG regulation scheme. But in order to achieve a wider energy transition covering other important consumption sectors like housing or mobility as well as facilitating a decline of the energy demand, less economical and social inequality beyond citizens’ investment is needed.
Editorial: Ausnahmezustand: Barbarei oder Sozialismus?
Authors: Redaktion PROKLA
Published: August 2018

Editorial: Ausnahmezustand: Barbarei oder Sozialismus?