bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimating the effects of vegetation and increased albedo on the urban heat island effect with spatial causal inference
Authors: Calhoun Zachary D. , Willard Frank , Ge Chenhao , Rodriguez Claudia , Bergin Mike , Carlson David
Published: January 2024

The urban heat island effect causes increased heat stress in urban areas. Cool roofs and urban greening have been promoted as mitigation strategies to reduce this effect. However, evaluating their efficacy remains a challenge, as potential temperature reductions depend on local characteristics. Existing methods to characterize their efficacy, such as computational fluid dynamics and urban canopy models, are computationally burdensome and require a high degree of expertise to employ. We propose a data-driven approach to overcome these hurdles, inspired by recent innovations in spatial causal inference. This approach allows for estimates of hypothetical interventions to reduce the urban heat island effect. We demonstrate this approach by modeling evening temperature in Durham, North Carolina, using readily retrieved air temperature, land cover, and satellite data. Hypothetical interventions such as lining streets with trees, cool roofs, and changing parking lots to green space are estimated to decrease evening temperatures by a maximum of 0.7–0.9   $$^{\circ } \hbox {C}$$

∘

C

, with reduced effects on temperature as a function of distance from the intervention. Because of the ease of data access, this approach may be applied to other cities in the U.S. to help them come up with city-specific solutions for reducing urban heat stress.
Transcriptome analysis in a humanized mouse model of familial dysautonomia reveals tissue-specific gene expression disruption in the peripheral nervous system
Authors: Harripaul Ricardo , Morini Elisabetta , Salani Monica , Logan Emily , Kirchner Emily , Bolduc Jessica , Chekuri Anil , Currall Benjamin , Yadav Rachita , Erdin Serkan , Talkowski Michael E. , Gao Dadi , Slaugenhaupt Susan
Published: January 2024

Familial dysautonomia (FD) is a rare recessive neurodevelopmental disease caused by a splice mutation in the Elongator acetyltransferase complex subunit 1 (ELP1) gene. This mutation results in a tissue-specific reduction of ELP1 protein, with the lowest levels in the central and peripheral nervous systems (CNS and PNS, respectively). FD patients exhibit complex neurological phenotypes due to the loss of sensory and autonomic neurons. Disease symptoms include decreased pain and temperature perception, impaired or absent myotatic reflexes, proprioceptive ataxia, and progressive retinal degeneration. While the involvement of the PNS in FD pathogenesis has been clearly recognized, the underlying mechanisms responsible for the preferential neuronal loss remain unknown. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying FD by conducting a comprehensive transcriptome analysis of neuronal tissues from the phenotypic mouse model TgFD9; Elp1Δ20/flox. This mouse recapitulates the same tissue-specific ELP1 mis-splicing observed in patients while modeling many of the disease manifestations. Comparison of FD and control transcriptomes from dorsal root ganglion (DRG), trigeminal ganglion (TG), medulla (MED), cortex, and spinal cord (SC) showed significantly more differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the PNS than the CNS. We then identified genes that were tightly co-expressed and functionally dependent on the level of full-length ELP1 transcript. These genes, defined as ELP1 dose-responsive genes, were combined with the DEGs to generate tissue-specific dysregulated FD signature genes and networks. Within the PNS networks, we observed direct connections between Elp1 and genes involved in tRNA synthesis and genes related to amine metabolism and synaptic signaling. Importantly, transcriptomic dysregulation in PNS tissues exhibited enrichment for neuronal subtype markers associated with peptidergic nociceptors and myelinated sensory neurons, which are known to be affected in FD. In summary, this study has identified critical tissue-specific gene networks underlying the etiology of FD and provides new insights into the molecular basis of the disease.
Synthesis and characterization of polysaccharide- and protein-based edible films and application as packaging materials for fresh fish fillets
Authors: Athanasopoulou Evmorfia , Bigi Francesco , Maurizzi Enrico , Karellou Eva Iris Eleftheria , Pappas Christos S. , Quartieri Andrea , Tsironi Theofania
Published: January 2024

The rising packaging industry together with global demand for sustainable production has increased the interest in developing biodegradable packaging materials. The aim of the study was to develop edible films based on pectin, gelatin, and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and evaluate their applicability as biodegradable packaging materials for gilthead seabream fillets. Mechanical properties, water barriers, wettability of the films through contact angle measurement, optical, and UV–Vis barrier properties were evaluated for food packaging applications. The effective blend of polysaccharide and protein film-forming solutions was confirmed by the produced films with excellent optical properties, acceptable mechanical properties and adequate barriers to water vapor. The contact angle for pectin based and gelatin based films were higher than 90° indicating the hydrophobic films, while HPMC based films had contact angle lower than 90°. The produced films were tested as alternative and environmentally friendly packaging materials for gilthead seabream fillets during refrigerated storage. All tested packaging conditions resulted in similar shelf-life in packed gilthead seabream fillets (i.e. 7–8 days at 2 °C). The results showed that the developed films may reduce the use of conventional petroleum-based food packaging materials without affecting the shelf-life of fish.
Sustainable production and preparative purification of thermostable alkaline α-amylase by Bacillus simplex (ON754233) employing natural deep eutectic solvent-based extractive fermentation
Authors: Muniasamy Ramya , Rathnasaamy Senthilkumar
Published: January 2024

Using PEG-based deep eutectic solvents (PDES), the current study proposes extractive fermentation as a sustainable process integration for the production and purification of α-amylase fromBacillus simplex(ON754233). Glucose: PEG 400 outperformed five PDES in terms of tie lie length (58) and slope value (1.23) against sodium sulphatt. Apple cider pomace was used as a low-cost, sustainable carbon source to produce-amylase, with a maximum enzyme production of 2200.13 U/mL. PDES concentration (20% w/v), salt (12.75 w/v), and apple waste (2.75 g/mL) were all optimized using response surface methodology. When scaled upto 3 L benchtop bioreactor, extractive fermentation was proved to be better technology with maximum recovery of 92.4% with highest partition coefficient (3.59). The partially purified enzyme was further purified using a Sephadex G 100 followed by DEAE-Sephadex anion exchange chromatography with a purity fold of 33. The enzyme was found to be thermostable at the temperature (60 °C), remains alkaline (pH 8), and the activity was stimulated in the presence of Mg2+ions. With SDS PAGE electrophoresis, the molecular weight was found to be around 140 kDa. Finally, the enzyme kinetics parameters were evaluated with observed Km(0.00396 mM) and Vmax(37.87 U/mL). Thus scaling up extractive fermentation entails increasing production capacity with improved extraction efficiency using green solvents.
The contributions of deleterious rare alleles in NLRP12 and inflammasome-related genes to polymyalgia rheumatica
Authors: Higuchi Takashi , Oka Shomi , Furukawa Hiroshi , Tohma Shigeto
Published: January 2024

Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by arthralgia and myalgia of the shoulder and hip girdles, and fever. PMR is linked to autoimmune diseases and autoinflammatory disorders. Exome sequencing has revealed the roles of rare variants in some diseases. Causative genes for monogenic autoinflammatory disorders might be candidate genes for the selective exome analysis of PMR. We investigated rare variants in the coding and boundary regions of candidate genes for PMR. Exome sequencing was performed to analyze deleterious rare variants in candidate genes, and the frequencies of the deleterious rare alleles in PMR were compared with those of Japanese population controls. Deleterious rare alleles in the NLRL12 gene were associated with PMR (P = 0.0069, Pc = 0.0415, odds ratio [OR] 4.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.79–11.27). A multigene analysis demonstrated the deleterious rare allele frequency of the candidate genes for autoinflammatory disorders was also increased in PMR (P = 0.0016, OR 3.69, 95%CI 1.81–7.54). The deleterious rare allele frequencies of the candidate genes including NLRP12 were increased in PMR patients, showing links to autoinflammatory disorders in the pathogenesis of PMR.
Synthesis of SiN/SiS-heterocycles via the reactions of a bis-silylene with isocyanate/isothiocyanate molecules
Authors: Liu Rui , Mondal Kartik Chandra , Wang Chenfeng , Suthar Sonam , Fang Zijie , Zuo Darui , Li Yan
Published: January 2024

Reactions of o-carborane-fused bis-silylene with isocyanate/isothiocyanate molecules furnished SiN/SiS-heterocycles via distinct cyclizations.
On the dual behaviour of water in octanol-rich aqueous n-octanol mixtures: an X-ray scattering and computer simulation study
Authors: Požar Martina , Bolle Jennifer , Dogan-Surmeier Susanne , Schneider Eric , Paulus Michael , Sternemann Christian , Perera Aurélien
Published: January 2024

Water is found to be structure breaker in octanol rich aqueous 1-octanol mixtures and structure maker/preserver when it is branched octanol.
Electronic, optical, and adsorption properties of Li-doped hexagonal boron nitride: a GW approach
Authors: Talukdar Dhanjit , Bora Shilpi Stuti , Ahmed Gazi A.
Published: January 2024

This study employs quasiparticle-corrected DFT calculations to explore the electronic, optical, and surface adsorption properties of Li-doped hexagonal boron nitride (h-BNLi) monolayers.
Experimental determination of solvation free energy of protons in non-protic ionic liquids using Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Rensonnet Aurelie , Malherbe Cedric
Published: January 2024

Determination of the free energy of solvation of protons in ionic liquids by Raman spectroscopy using the Hammett acidity function.
Janus monolayer PXC (X = As/Sb) for photocatalytic water splitting with a negative Poisson's ratio
Authors: Zhu Yunlai , Jiang Shuo , Zhang Jishun , Qu Zihan , Wu Zuheng , Xu Zuyu , Hu Wei , Dai Yuehua , Yang Fei
Published: January 2024

The predicted Janus PXC (X = As/Sb) monolayer structures disrupt the out-of-plane symmetry, generate a built-in electric field, and display a suitable band edge, making them promising candidates for photocatalytic water splitting applications.
Design of MoS2 edge-anchored single-atom catalysts for propane dehydrogenation driven by DFT and microkinetic modeling
Authors: Dong Chunguang , Lai Zhuangzhuang , Wang Haifeng
Published: January 2024

Ru1-S4/edge SAC is screened as the promising candidate for direct propane dehydrogenation with activity six times higher than that of the conventional Pt(111) catalyst, and its motif region changes dynamically under realistic reaction conditions.
Single-domain Fe2CoGa0.5Al0.5 Heusler alloy nanoparticles with enhanced properties
Authors: Srivastava Manisha , Bisht Gajendra S. , Srinivasan Ananthakrishnan
Published: January 2024

Fine quaternary single-domain Heusler alloy nanoparticles with a composition of Fe2CoGa0.5Al0.5 have been synthesized using a simple template-less chemical route for the first time.
High activity in the dry reforming of methane using a thermally switchable double perovskite and in situ generated molecular level nanocomposite
Authors: Hossain Akbar , Bhattacharjee Monotosh , Ghorai Kalyan , Llorca Jordi , Vasundhara M. , Roy Sounak , Bera Parthasarathi , Seikh Md. Motin , Gayen Arup
Published: January 2024

La2MnNiO6 (left) decomposes to constituent metal/metal oxides (right), molecular level nanocomposite, during DRM without altering their original positions in the double perovskite at ≥600 °C and hence both the phases show identical DRM activity.
Developing semi-empirical water model for efficiently simulating temperature-dependent chemisorption of CO2 in amine solvents
Authors: Luan Binquan , McDonagh James L.
Published: January 2024

A semiempirical water model is essential for efficiently modeling chemical reactions in water among small molecules.
A NiMOF integrated with conductive materials for efficient bifunctional electrocatalysis of urea oxidation and oxygen evolution reactions
Authors: Xie Xiaopei , Xu Liqiang , Zeng Qingsheng , Zhang Zhaona , Xu Zhiqi , Yin Chuanxia , Wang Xinxing
Published: January 2024

MWCNT–COOH and Fc–COOH were integrated into the framework structure of a NiMOF, altering its electronic structure and generating lattice strain. The resulting MWCNT–NiMOF(Fc) exhibited excellent UOR and OER dual functional catalytic activity.
Subphthalocyanines as fluorescence sensors for metal cations
Authors: Alfred Mary Angelia , Lang Kamil , Kirakci Kaplan , Stuzhin Pavel , Zimcik Petr , Labuta Jan , Novakova Veronika
Published: January 2024

We have demonstrated that subphthalocyanines are a promising class of fluorescent sensors for metal cations suitable for aqueous media. The ambient solvent molecules were found to play an important role in the coordination of cations by aza-crowns.
Nurturing the blossoming hydrogen economy using HBAT: modelling every link in the H2 supply chain
Authors: Alfonso Vargas Nicolas , Kim Moon Jung , Alfonso Vargas Carlos D. , Alfonso Daniel F. , Evans Justin T.
Published: January 2024

We present a techno-economic analysis that evaluates hydrogen technology value chains, incorporating economic, environmental, and societal considerations for 824 supply chain variations.
Bi-molecular kinetic competition for surface passivation in high-performance perovskite solar cells
Authors: Ma Yinyi , Li Faming , Gong Jue , Wang Lina , Tang Xiao , Zeng Peng , Chan Pok Fung , Zhu Weidong , Zhang Chunfu , Liu Mingzhen
Published: January 2024

A bi-molecular kinetic competitive adsorption strategy was proposed to circumvent the dimensional structural transformation which has been widely observed on the film surface passivated by conventional methods.
Efficient catalytic oxidation of biomass to formic acid coupled with low-energy formaldehyde production from methanol
Authors: He Zhuosen , Hou Yucui , Wei Jian , Ren Shuhang , Wu Weize
Published: January 2024

Efficient catalytic aerobic oxidation of biomass to formic acid coupled with low-temperature formaldehyde production from methanol has been developed with the vanadium-substituted heteropoly acid as a catalyst.
Seminormal-BrCH2CH2OH-mediated electrochemical epoxidation of unactivated olefins
Authors: He Hong , Lv Yanxia , Hu Jing , Hou Zhong-Wei , Wang Lei
Published: January 2024

An electrochemical epoxidation of unactivated olefins with water as the source of oxygen has been developed.
TfOH-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation reaction using 1-tetralone as a novel dihydrogen source
Authors: Bao Yishu , Ma Siyuan , Zhu Jin , Dai Zonghao , Zhou Qikun , Yang Xiuqin , Zhou Qingfa , Yang Fulai
Published: January 2024

An unprecedented TfOH-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation reaction has been developed using 1-tetralone as a novel dihydrogen source.
Centrifugal microfluidic system for colorimetric sample-to-answer detection of viral pathogens
Authors: Geissler Matthias , Brassard Daniel , Adam Nadine , Nasheri Neda , Pilar Ana Victoria C. , Tapp Kyle , Clime Liviu , Miville-Godin Caroline , Mounier Maxence , Nassif Christina , Lukic Ljuboje , Malic Lidija , Corneau Nathalie , Veres Teodor
Published: January 2024

Automated on-chip sample-to-answer workflow for multiplexed colorimetric detection of foodborne viruses using an embedded polymer micropillar array for read-out.
AI-enhanced biomedical micro/nanorobots in microfluidics
Authors: Dong Hui , Lin Jiawen , Tao Yihui , Jia Yuan , Sun Lining , Li Wen Jung , Sun Hao
Published: January 2024

Although developed independently at the beginning, AI, micro/nanorobots and microfluidics have become more intertwined in the past few years which has greatly propelled the cutting-edge development in fields of biomedical sciences.
A two dimensional Co(OH)2 catalytic gravity-driven membrane for water purification: a green and facile fabrication strategy and excellent water decontamination performance
Authors: Zhao Xiaoyu , Long Mei , Li Zhixing , Zhang Zhenghua
Published: January 2024

A green and facile method was developed to prepare uniform Co(OH)2 hexagonal nanosheets. The Co(OH)2 and Co(OH)2/rGO catalytic gravity-driven membranes demonstrated effective removal performance towards various pollutants and long-term stability.
Functionalized covalent organic framework aerogels for highly efficient removal of anionic and cationic dyes
Authors: Chen Xiaodi , Du Chang , Pan Zilu , Wu Hongping , Cai Changqun , Chen Chunyan , Zhong Guanqun
Published: January 2024

A β-CD-COF aerogel, with good crystallinity and chemical stability, exhibits high adsorption capacity, fast binding kinetics for single anionic and cationic dyes and outstanding simultaneous adsorption capacity in multi-pollutant systems.
Self-supporting FeCoMoP nanosheets for efficient overall water splitting
Authors: Xiong Hongxi , Tang Shuihua , Xu Mingjie , Yu Zelong , Xie Yuhang , Zhang Shaoxiong , Wang Xiaohan , Chen Yonglin , Zhang Lei
Published: January 2024

The preparation of FeCoMoP nanosheets on nickel foam was achieved in three simple steps, resulting in excellent overall water splitting performance under alkaline conditions.
A bimetallic nanozyme coordinated with quercetin for efficient radical scavenging and treatment of acute kidney injury
Authors: Pan Jiangpeng , Wu Tingting , Chen Lu , Chen Xiaoxi , Zhang Chao , Wang Yanyan , Li Hao , Guo Jiancheng , Jiang Wei
Published: January 2024

The preparation process of QCN and QCN as antioxidants to alleviate AKI through removing excessive ROS.
Photophysics and its application in photon upconversion
Authors: Zhang Yutong , Du Wenna , Liu Xinfeng
Published: January 2024

Photoluminescence upconversion is a phenomenon involving light–matter interaction and has a broad application prospect. In this review, we summarize the mechanism of PL upconversion and ultrafast photophysical processes.
Practical and scalable enantioselective synthesis of (+)-majoranolide from Cyrene
Authors: Podversnik Harald , Camp Jason E. , Greatrex Ben W.
Published: January 2024

First enantioselective synthesis of the anticancer Persea lactones (+)-majoranolide and (+)-majoranolide B, achieved on multigram scale.
Configuration-regulated highly luminescent hydrogen–organic frameworks for detection of phenelzine and propofol
Authors: Liu Yanhong , Yan Bing
Published: January 2024

By modulating the configuration of a fluorophore via hydrogen bonding, a highly luminescent HOF (TPPA-BDC) is successfully constructed that achieves the efficient sensing of phenelzine (psychotropic drug) and propofol (controlled substance).
Influence of the pendant substituent at the C1 position of a spirobifluorene scaffold on the electronic properties
Authors: Sicard Lambert , Brouillac Clément , Leclerc Nicolas , Fall Sadiara , Zimmerman Nicolas , Jeannin Olivier , Rault-Berthelot Joëlle , Quinton Cassandre , Poriel Cyril
Published: January 2024

The present work reports the synthesis and the study of a series of organic semi-conductors constructed on an emerging molecular fragment, namely the C1-substituted SBF.
Copper-catalyzed divergent construction of naphthofurans and benzochromanes from 2-naphthols, 4-methylene-quinazolin(thi)ones, and N,N-dimethylethanolamine
Authors: Geng Meiqi , Kuang Jinqiang , Fang Weiwei , Xiao Xuqiong , Ma Yongmin
Published: January 2024

Cu(ii)-catalyzed divergent synthesis of naphthofurans and benzochromanes through [3 + 2 + 1] and [3 + 1 + 1] annulations is established.
Identifying the critical features of resonance: instructors’ intentions for the teaching and learning of resonance in General Chemistry I and Organic Chemistry I
Authors: Barakat Sabrina , Orgill MaryKay
Published: January 2024

Resonance is a fundamental chemistry concept first introduced to students in General Chemistry I (GCI), reintroduced in Organic Chemistry I (OCI), and then utilized throughout other higher-level chemistry courses. Student difficulties with resonance are well documented. Instruction is one potential source of student difficulties. What instructors choose to expose students to and how they choose to expose students to concepts related to resonance is influenced by instructors’ intentions for learning. As a first step in understanding and addressing the difficulties students encounter when learning about resonance, we qualitatively examined what instructors intend for their students to understand about and do with resonance in the courses in which it is first introduced, GCI and OCI. The instructors we interviewed identified eleven critical features of resonance that they deemed important for students to learn about. We found that GCI and OCI instructors in this study identified many of the same critical features of resonance. However, there were differences in what they expected students to know about and do with those critical features. GCI and OCI instructors also identified critical features unique to their courses. Overall, while discussing the critical features, the instructors tended to emphasize an operational versus conceptual understanding of resonance, which may partially explain students’ focus on using resonance instead of understanding it, as has been reported previously in the literature. The instructor-identified critical features presented herein have important implications for teaching and learning, as instructors’ perceptions determine what they expose their students to during instruction and ultimately influence what students have the possibility to learn about resonance.
Xanthene-based near-infrared chromophores for high-contrast fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging of dipeptidyl peptidase 4
Authors: Lu Pei , Dai Si-Min , Zhou Huihui , Wang Fenglin , Dong Wan-Rong , Jiang Jian-Hui
Published: January 2024

A class of new xanthene-based NIR chromophores which exhibited analyte-tunable spirocyclic “closed” and zwitterionic “open” forms allowed the development of high-contrast fluorescence and PA imaging probes for imaging dipeptidyl peptidase 4.
Management of waste crustacean shells for the construction of a carbon-negative circulation model
Authors: Sun Xiaogang , Du Zhen , Wang Yimeng , Guan Yuepeng , Zhu Baoning , Huang Yaqin
Published: January 2024

Biochar and bioenergy for more beautiful blue Earth.
Orientational order/disorder and network flexibility in deuterated methylammonium lead iodide perovskite by neutron total scattering
Authors: Liu Jiaxun , Du Juan , Wyatt Peter B. , Keen David A. , Phillips Anthony E. , Dove Martin T.
Published: January 2024

Methylammonium lead iodide crystallises in three phases. The high-temperature phase is cubic with a high degree of orientational disorder of the molecular ions. The intermediate phase shows progressive alignment of the molecules, but still with disorder.
The activity origin of C-N-Cu electrocatalysts for ethanol formation in the CO2 reduction reaction under working conditions
Authors: Zhang Xiaotao , Chen Jiao , Gao Guoying , Wang Hongyan , Tang Yongliang , Sun Bai , Ni Yuxiang , Chen Yuanzheng , Feng Yuan Ping
Published: January 2024

This work has elucidated the behavior of Cu atom in C-N-Cu and identified the C-N-Cu5 configuration as the catalytic activity center for ethanol formation under working conditions with the constant potential method.
Efficient design and synthesis of an amorphous conjugated polymer network for a metal-free electrocatalyst of hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Hamada Wakana , Hishida Mafumi , Sugiura Ryuto , Tobita Haruka , Imai Hiroaki , Igarashi Yasuhiko , Oaki Yuya
Published: January 2024

A performance predictor for metal-free electrocatalyst of hydrogen evolution reaction was constructed by machine learning on small data. Based on the prediction, an amorphous conjugated polymer network was designed to achieve high catalytic activity.
Dendrite growth and inhibition in all-solid-state lithium metal batteries: in situ optical observation
Authors: Liu Haowen , Jiang Weining , Chen Wenjie , Lin Qiyuan , Ren Shuaiyang , Su Yipeng , Tong Ruoyu , Zhang Yuegang
Published: January 2024

Combining in situ optical microscopy, we are able to monitor the real-time evolution of dendrite pathways in pressurized all-solid-state cells and understand the dendrite growth mechanism in working solid-state cells.
Calculation of energy-power parameters of roll mechanisms
Authors: Saliyev Abdumajit
Published: January 2024

Calculation formulas for determining the energy-power parameters of roll mechanisms, such as the forces created by the roll gripping devices, the torque, and the power required to rotate the rolls were derived in the study. It was revealed that the radii of the rolls and the thickness of the processed material have the greatest influence on the energy-power parameters. Reducing the roll radius and material thickness makes it possible to reduce the gripping force related to a decrease in the length of the contact zone. As the radius of the roll decreases, the torque decreases as well due to the decrease in the radius of action of the resulting friction force.
A robust multi-objective MIP model to optimize the supply chain of steel industry taking into account the sustainability approach
Authors: Askary Milad , Makui Ahmad , Tajik Mahmoud
Published: January 2024

The construction of a steel production plant in the countries provided that they benefit from the required raw materials, and infrastructural facilities such as roads, power plants, water, etc. are considered an economic advantage. If these prerequisites exist, the next challenge in building a steel plant is to determine the number, optimal location, and flow between the supplier and the plant and also between the plant and the consumer market. On the other hand, there is always a serious challenge for environmental issues and the impact on pastures and wildlife due to the polluting nature of this industry. In addition, considering the situation in which the amount of consumption under disruptions makes the supply chain of steel inefficient, it is necessary to design a model that is close to the real world. In this study, to obtain the optimum number and location of steel factories, material flow, and considering the sustainability approach, we design a robust three-level supply chain network for the steel industry, taking into account the sustainability approach including three objective functions. The first objective function aims to minimize logistics and production costs, the second objective function maximizes the quality score of the final selected location, and the third objective function is proposed to maximize the efficiency of product production lines. In this study, a scenario-based robust optimization model is applied to overcome the uncertainty of the proposed model. Furthermore, to incorporate the score of location into the third objective function, a decision-making method based on the sustainability approach is used. Finally, the proposed model is validated within steel industry in Iran as a case study.
Effect of green technology for a production system through a reverse logistic process
Authors: Kumar Subhas , Sarkar Biswajit , Sarkar Mitali
Published: January 2024

In modern times, customers are increasingly aware of the environmental risks posed by the premature expiration of smart products. To safeguard the environment, companies have embraced green technology when procuring products. As a result, it is challenging for business managers to capture the market by offering the best quality products at a reasonable price, regardless of the economic situation. This paper presents a production model incorporating reverse logistics to identify defective products. The model involves learning through production and utilizes green technologies. Additionally, a portion of the assembled products is remanufactured after being received from consumers. The remanufactured items are screened and distributed to markets. Both new and remanufactured products are sold to the market based on their quality in the first and second markets, respectively. To reduce product spoilage, manufacturers employ green technology like liquid cooling technology. The numerical results demonstrate that by investing in liquid cooling technology, the production store can reduce spoilage items by 8.50%, a positive environmental outcome regarding waste reduction, and due to the learning effect, the total cost can decrease by 1.44%. The paper includes numerical and sensitivity analyses accompanied by graphs.
Analyzing the role of social media in addressing public health development in india through a multi-criteria decision-making approach
Authors: Dash Manoj Kumar , Singh Gaurvendra , Singh Chetanya
Published: January 2024

Nowadays, social media plays a vital role in managing public health developments. This research study has analyzed the factors of social media enhancing public health development. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used to rank the factors, and the Decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) is used to find out the network relationship map of the role of social media in public health development. Results of AHP revealed that social media enhances public engagement and participation, collaboration of health professionals worldwide, and helps in remote monitoring of patients. Results of DEMATEL show that the development of health policies, repository of public health-related information, and prevention of health-related misinformation and fake news are classified as the topmost causal factors. Real-time monitoring of health conditions is the factor with the most significant impact on other factors. Policymakers and stakeholders should focus on improving public health through social media. Social media enhances collaboration among health professionals worldwide, and various stakeholders use it to address public health issues in the case of COVID-19.
A novel profit allocation rule of complex product development networks under the position value
Authors: Zhang Mingzhen , Yang Naiding , Zhu Xianglin , Wang Yan
Published: January 2024

A fair and reasonable profit allocation mechanism is the key to ensuring the stability of complex product development networks. Considering the disconnectedness of development networks, this paper takes the Position value to allocate profits. Initially, this paper constructs the profit function of complex product development networks, which serves as the characteristic function in graph cooperative games. Subsequently, a real-world case is presented to demonstrate the profit allocation process using the Position value, allowing for an examination of the relationship between profits and firms’ investments. Moreover, various factors are investigated to assess their influence on the profit allocation result, and a comparison is made between the Position value and the Myerson value. By adjusting the parameters and observing the numerical simulation, the research delves into the impact of key parameters on firms’ profit allocation. The findings indicate that the network position and investment are directly proportional to firms’ allocated profits. Additionally, the synergistic coefficient and benefit coefficient positively moderate firms’ profits, while the cost coefficient of investment negatively moderates them. Notably, the Position value proves to be more suitable for complex product development networks than the Myerson value.
Osteopathie und evidenzbasierte Medizin, Teil 1: die
EBM
Authors: Luthin Dirk
Published: January 2024

Die Osteopathie und osteopathische Methoden werden regelmäßig
dafür kritisiert, nicht wissenschaftlich genug zu sein und nach den
Kriterien der evidence-based medicine (evidenzbasierten Medizin,
EBM) zu wenig „evidence“ vorweisen zu können [1]. Die EBM versteht
sich derzeit als Hauptvertreter der wissenschaftlichen und klinischen
Medizin. Sind EBM und Osteopathie heutzutage unvereinbar und
schließen sich damit gegenseitig aus oder können sie beide zusammen
existieren bzw. gehören sie sogar zwingend zusammen?
Als Profession Verantwortung übernehmen – Katastrophenrisikominimierung
Authors: Klein Tanja , Pott Ulla
Published: January 2024

Sowohl international als auch in Deutschland nehmen Naturkatastrophen zu. Die Folgen dieser Ereignisse wirken sich auf menschliche Betätigungen aus. Dies deutet darauf hin, dass die Ergotherapie bei der Risikominderung von Katastrophen und der Reduktion ihrer Folgen eine Rolle spielt. Welche Bedeutung die Ergotherapie in der Katastrophenrisikominderung hat und in Zukunft haben kann, beleuchten Tanja Klein und Ulla Pott.
Formatting patient knowledge and channelling participation: how patient organisations work under authoritarianism
Authors: Nikulkin Vlas , Zvonareva Olga
Published: January 2024

Patient experiential knowledge is important for the quality and responsiveness of healthcare systems. However, it is not rare for patients to struggle to have their knowledge recognised as credible and valuable. This study explores how patient organisations work to adjust patient knowledge to formats recognisable and acceptable by healthcare governance decision-makers. Using the case of patient organisations in Russia, we show that such formatting involves changes in language, practices, and materiality that contribute to channelling patient participation into specific routes and forms while marginalising others. Channelling of patient participation, then, rather than being a result of direct coercion, emerges as a distributed process continuously co-produced by a multitude of actors, such as state administration, patient organisations themselves, patient surveys, consultative spaces, and normative acts.
Modeling the near-field effect on molecular excited states using the discrete interaction model/quantum mechanical method
Authors: Ye Hepeng , Becca Jeffrey C. , Jensen Lasse
Published: January 2024

Strong light–matter interactions significantly modify the optical properties of molecules in the vicinity of plasmonic metal nanoparticles. Since the dimension of the plasmonic cavity approaches that of the molecules, it is critical to explicitly describe the nanoparticle junctions. In this work, we use the discrete interaction model/quantum mechanical (DIM/QM) method to model the coupling between the plasmonic near-field and molecular excited states. DIM/QM is a combined electrodynamics/quantum mechanical model that uses an atomistic description of the nanoparticle. We extend the DIM/QM method to include the local field effects in the sum-over-state formalism of time-dependent density functional theory. As a test of the method, we study the interactions between small organic chromophores and metal nanoparticles. In particular, we examine how the inclusion of multiple electronic transitions and intermolecular interactions modify the coupling between molecules and nanoparticles. Using the sum-over-state formalism of DIM/QM, we show that two-state models break down when the plasmon excitation is detuned from the molecular excitations. To gain further insight, we compare the simple coupled-dipole model (CDM) with the DIM/QM model. We find that CDM works well for simple systems but fails when going beyond the single molecule or single nanoparticle cases. We also find that the coupling depends strongly on the site of the nanoparticle in which the chromophore couples to. Our work suggests the importance of explicitly describing the cavity to capture the atomistic level local field environment in which the molecule strongly couples to.
Theoretical insight into clocking in a molecular mixed-valence cell of quantum cellular automata through the vibronic approach
Authors: Palii Andrew , Aldoshin Sergey , Tsukerblat Boris
Published: January 2024

In this article, we develop a vibronic theory of clocking in molecular quantum cellular automata (QCA). The clocking mechanism is considered for a trigonal trimeric mixed-valence (MV) system with one mobile electron, which is shown to act as the dimeric unit encoding binary information (Boolean states 0 or 1) coupled to a third redox center (Null state). The model includes the electron transfer between the three centers; vibronic coupling of the mobile charge with the “breathing” modes, forming a double degenerate Jahn–Teller vibration of the molecular triangle; and two electric fields, one collinear to the dimeric unit, which controls the binary states, and the other perpendicular to this unit, performing clocking. In the framework of the adiabatic approximation, the potential surface of the trimeric system has been studied and the condition determining switching and clocking has been analyzed in terms of the two controlling fields and the vibronic and transfer parameters. A thorough understanding of the site populations is achieved through the quantum-mechanical solution of the vibronic problem, maintaining the adiabatic condition for the controlling fields. It is shown that a MV trimer can act as a molecular clocked QCA cell, with favorable conditions being a positive electron transfer parameter and sufficiently strong vibronic coupling.
Frequency-dependent squeezing makes LIGO even more sensitive
Authors: Miller Johanna L.
Published: January 2024

Researchers at the gravitational-wave observatory were already using nonclassical states of light to boost their measurement precision. Now they’ve unveiled a still-subtler trick.
Teaching physics with phones: A game changer?
Authors: Kramer David
Published: January 2024

Educators are creating new smartphone apps and designing new experiments for them.
Cold granular targets slow the bulk freezing of an impacting droplet
Authors: Zhao Song-Chuan , Zhang Hao-Jie , Li Yudong
Published: January 2024

When making contact with an undercooled target, a drop freezes. The colder the target is, the more rapid the freezing is supposed to be. In this research, we explore the impact of droplets on cold granular material. As the undercooling degree increases, the bulk freezing of the droplet is delayed by at least an order of magnitude. The postponement of the overall solidification is accompanied by substantial changes in dynamics, including the spreading-retraction process, satellite drop generation, and cratering in the target. The solidification of the wetted pores in the granular target primarily causes these effects. The freezing process over the pore dimension occurs rapidly enough to match the characteristic timescales of impact dynamics at moderate undercooling degrees. As a result, the hydrophilic impact appears “hydrophobic,” and the dimension of the solidified droplet shrinks. A monolayer of cold grains on a surface can reproduce these consequences. Our research presents a potential approach to regulate solidified morphology for subfreezing drop impacts. It additionally sheds light on the impact scenario of strong coupling between the dynamics and solidification.
Weyl semimetal assisted nonreciprocal modification of Flat-top optical pulses via defective photonic band-gap structures
Authors: Kadhim Ibtihaj Ahmed , Entezar Samad Roshan , Madani Amir
Published: January 2024

We study the non-reciprocal modification of flat-top optical pulses via a one-dimensional photonic band-gap structure with Weyl semimetal-based defect layers due to their wide range of applications, such as high-speed communication, nonlinear optical switching, and ultrafast pump–probe experiments. We apply the transfer matrix method to obtain the transmission spectrum of the structure. Also, the Fourier transform technique is used to investigate the effect of the propagation direction of the incoming pulse on the time profile of the outgoing pulse. Then we examine the effect of the carrier frequency and duration of the incoming pulse on the length, energy, and magnetic field distribution of the outgoing pulse. It is shown that the time profile of an incoming flat-top pulse may modify to a nearly flat-top, single-peak, or oscillatory multi-peak time profile depending on the carrier frequency, length, and propagation direction of the incoming pulse.
Quantum backflow for a free-particle hermite wavepacket
Authors: Strange P
Published: January 2024

Quantum backflow is the unexpected effect that wavepackets consisting of only positive momentum components can apparently move in the negative direction. This is usually described in terms of the backflow constant, which is a dimensionless quantity describing least upper bound on the amount of probability that can flow backwards during a given time interval. Backflow is usually calculated for wavepackets that can be written as a sum of positive momentum plane waves. Here we present a calculation of the backflow constant using the localised free particle hermite wavefunctions where equal weights of positive and negative momentum eigenfunctions occur. The resulting backflow constant is substantially smaller than the accepted value. The reasons for this are discussed and finally we draw conclusions about the calculation of backflow more generally.
Effects of size mismatch of halide ions on the phase stability of mixed halide perovskites
Authors: Yang Fuqian
Published: January 2024

The phase stability of mixed halide perovskites plays a vital role in the performance and reliability of perovskite-based devices and systems. In this work, we incorporate the contribution of the strain energy due to the size mismatch of halideions in Gibbs free energy for the analysis of the phase stability of mixed halide perovskites. Analytical expressions of the chemical potentials of halide ions in mixed halide perovskites are derived and used to determine the critical atomic fractions of halide ions for the presence of spinodal decomposition (phase instability). The numerical analysis of CH3NH3PbI
x
Br3-x
mixed halide perovskite reveals the important role of the mismatch strain from halide ions in controlling the phase instability of mixed halide perovskite, i.e., increasing the mismatch strain widens the range of x for the phase separation of mixed halide perovskites. To mitigate the phase instability associated with the strain energy from intrinsic size mismatch and/or light-induced expansion, strain and/or field engineering, such as high pressure, can be likely applied to introduce strain and/or field gradient to counterbalance the strain gradient by the mismatch strain and/or light-induced expansion.
Negative poisson’s ratio behavior of Al4Li9 alloy
Authors: Wu Qinsong , Din Muhammad Aizaz Ud , Guo Wendi , Ma Yuan , Zhao Lan , Pan Nengcong , Cheng Nanpu
Published: January 2024

The negative Poisson’s ratio behavior in three-dimensional crystalline materials is a novel phenomenon. Deepening the research into the theoretical mechanisms that govern the negative Poisson’s ratio behavior offers valuable insights for the design and application of advanced auxetic materials. In this study, we construct the atomic model of Al4Li9 alloy based on experimental results and investigate the direction-dependent mechanical properties using the molecular statics simulations and density functional theory calculations. Our theoretical investigation reveals that a unique charge response within the analogous honeycomb structural unit in the Al4Li9 alloy results in a distinct exhibit of the significant negative Poisson’s ratio property during deformation.
Plasmon-induced nonlinear response on gold nanoclusters
Authors: Song 宋 Yuhui 玉慧 , Cao 曹 Yifei 逸飞 , Huang 黄 Sichen 思晨 , Li 李 Kaichao 凯超 , Du 杜 Ruhai 如海 , Yan 严 Lei 蕾 , Fu 付 Zhengkun 正坤 , Zhang 张 Zhenglong 正龙
Published: January 2024

The plasmon-induced nonlinear response has attracted great attention in micro-nano optics and optoelectronics applications, yet the underlying microscopic mechanism remains elusive. In this study, the nonlinear response of gold nanoclusters when exposed to a femtosecond laser pulse was investigated using time-dependent density functional theory. It was observed that the third-order tunneling current was augmented in plasmonic dimers, owing to a greater number of electrons in the dimer being excited from occupied to unoccupied states. These findings provide profound theoretical insights and enable the realization of accurate regulation and control of nonlinear effects induced by plasmons at the atomic level.
Passive particles driven by self-propelled particle: The wake effect
Authors: Zheng 郑 Kai-Xuan 凯选 , Wang 汪 Jing-Wen 静文 , Wang 王 Shi-Feng 世锋 , Nie 聂 De-Ming 德明
Published: January 2024

This work focuses on numerically studying hydrodynamic interaction between a passive particle and a self-propelled particle, termed a squirmer, by using a two-dimensional lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). It is found that the squirmer can capture a passive particle and propel it simultaneously, provided the passive particle is situated within the squirmer’s wake. Our research shows that the critical capture distance, which determines whether the particle is captured, primarily depends on the intensity of the squirmer’s dipolarity. The stronger dipolarity of squirmer results in an increased critical capture distance. Conversely, the Reynolds number is found to have minimal influence on this interaction. Interestingly, the passive particle, when driven by the squirmer’s wake, contributes to a reduction in the squirmer’s drag. This results in a mutual acceleration for both particles. Our findings can provide valuable perspectives for formulating the principles of reducing the drag of micro-swimmers and help to achieve the goal of using micro-swimmers to transport goods without physical tethers.
Decompositions of the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili equation and their symmetry reductions
Authors: Chen 陈 Zitong 孜童 , Jia 贾 Man 曼 , Hao 郝 Xiazhi 夏芝 , Lou 楼 Senyue 森岳
Published: January 2024

Starting with a decomposition conjecture, we carefully explain the basic decompositions for the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (KP) equation as well as the necessary calculation procedures, and it is shown that the KP equation allows the Burgers–STO (BSTO) decomposition, two types of reducible coupled BSTO decompositions and the BSTO–KdV decomposition. Furthermore, we concentrate ourselves on pointing out the main idea and result of Bäcklund transformation of the KP equation based on a special superposition principle in the particular context of the BSTO decompositions. Using the framework of standard Lie point symmetry theory, these decompositions are studied and the problem of computing the corresponding symmetry constraints is treated.
Multichannel SiPM test readout system for gamma ray measurements
Authors: Asova Veronika , Bistrev Galin , Kushleva Antoniya , Lalkovski Stefan , Vasilev Iriney
Published: January 2024

Position determination and energy measurement are fundamental properties in gamma spectroscopy and gamma ray astronomy. A multichannel readout system was constructed to test and validate the performance of 5 cm× 5 cm segmented SiPM-based photodetector coupled to a monolith inorganic scintillator crystal. The system was exposed to gamma rays from 137Cs radioactive source collecting events at different SiPM bias voltages. The design and construction of the test setup, the data acquisition system and the obtained results are presented and discussed.