bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Urban firefighting: Qualitative exploration of occupational challenges faced by firefighters of Kathmandu valley, Nepal
Authors: Bhattarai Shivani , K.C. Pabitra , Gyawali Aruna , Lamichhane Astha , Giri Alina , Kakchapati Sampurna
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Urban firefighting is a challenge however very less is known about how the firefighters manage on addressing fire disasters when it occurs or what sort of health risks they generally face. The health risks in firefighting are abundant however very less is explored, in regard to the Nepalese context. This study thus aims to explore general characteristics and potential stress causing factors among urban firefighters of Kathmandu valley as Nepal lacks any such study. Methods: A qualitative study design with in-depth interview questions were used to interview 15 currently employed firefighters and the station in charge of Kathmandu valley and thematic analysis was done to derive results. The study was conducted in two phases, the first phase including the use of locally translated and validated DASS-21 (Depression Anxiety and Depression Scale) tool to identify potentially stress suffering firefighters while the second phase included use of in-depth interview (IDI) and key informant interview (KII) format to explore stress causing factors among firefighters. Results: The results showed that most firefighters were stressed due family separations, difficult PPEs, lack of human resource adequacies, income insufficiency, underwhelming response at active site and lack of health addressing programs in the station. The firefighters additionally mentioned stress due to recurring bluff calls and unmanaged traffic in the city. Conclusion: Despite the solvable problems, the station lacked standard operating guidelines, physical fitness and mental well-being programs, deemed essential for the occupation in general. Therefore, concerned authorities must prioritize the needs of urban fire station and firefighters.
Challenges of limited reuse and extended use of N95 filtering facepiece respirators: Lesson learnt from COVID-19 pandemic in Mumbai, India
Authors: Patel Kinjal P , Carval Trupti
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Usage of personal protective equipment, which includes N95 filtering face piece respirators (FFRs), was the major preventive measure for healthcare workers to control COVID-19 transmission. However, a global shortage of N95 FFRs was observed worldwide during initial phase of pandemic. Reusing mask was the only strategy and various decontamination methods were suggested. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the compliance rate of limited reuse and extended use policy implemented in hospital.

Methods: Limited reuse and extended use policy of N95 FFRs was implemented for one month in lower risk areas. Compliance to policy was checked by questionnaires asked to 100 healthcare workers verbally and challenges faced by them were noted.

Results: It was observed that overall compliance to policy was 80%. Major reasons of non-compliance were suffocation, followed by smell from mask and loosened strips.

Conclusion: Limited reuse and extended use method was successfully used as a bridge until sufficient N95 FFRs were not available although effective decontamination method must be established in hospitals to prepare ourselves for the future pandemics.
STUDY THE BEHAVIOR OF ELASTIC MODULUS FOR ZIGZAG AND ARMCHAIR SINGLE WALL CARBON NANOTUBE STRUCTURE WITH FEM
Authors: W. Ahmed Qusay , A. Alazawi Dhia , B. Mohammed Hussein
Published: July 2021

A three-dimensional finite element (FE) model for single-walled carbon nanotubes with armchair and zigzag shapes is proposed in this paper (SWCNTs). Nodes are positioned at the locations of carbon atoms to design the FE models. And three-dimensional elastic beam components are used to model the bonds between them. The effect of the diameter length/diameter ratio on the diameter length/diameter ratio, cross sectional aspect ratio and number of elements on the Young’s modulus of SWCNTs has been considered herein. From the conducted experiments it can be observed that, the larger tube diameter can lead to higher Young’s modulus for carbon nanotubes. Such that, maximum elastic modulus for the armchair and the zigzag models has been obtained to be 1.0285TPa and 1.0396TPa when the diameters for the armchair and the zigzag models were 2.034nm and 1.957nm respectively. Increasing the length/diameter ratio has led the Young’s modulus to be increased for armchair and zigzag models such that its values can reach 1.0451TPa and 1.0191TPa respectively. The cross sectional aspect ratio of SWCNTs showed an inversely proportional effect on the elastic modulus in this work. As a result of rising the cross sectional aspect ratio to be2, the Young's modulus for armchair and zigzag models has decreased to 0.7991TPa and 0.8873TPa, accordingly. The change in geometry has been observed to be a defect and it is in general can decrease the modulus of elasticity. The number of elements in the armchair model considered as prominent factor that increases the young’s modulus to be 1.0280TPa when the number of element is 10836. In zigzag model, the number of element has no effect on the elastic modulus since the number of nodes that exposed to the applied load is fixed in this case. The findings showed that the proposed FE model may be useful for studying carbon nanotube mechanical action in the future.
PANDEMICS AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE WORLD ECONOMY: A HYPOTHESIS OF CORRELATION
Authors:   University for Foreigners “Dante Alighieri”, Via del Torrione 95, Reggio Calabria, Italy, Chen Le
Published: July 2021

Coronavirus disease 2019-nCoV is a novel and highly transmissible infectious disease. However, in the history of human development, there have already been many infectious diseases that caused pandemics. Through a review of pandemics over centuries, the author tried to understand whether there was any correlation between the pandemics and the development of the world economy of the associated period. Although 2019-nCoV pandemic is deeply affected every country varying only in the degree, and the response measures taken by countries against the pandemic are also various, however, the pandemic has spread globally without exception; therefore, this study aims to call on to adopt a prevention strategy to face the new challenges ahead with a healthy rhythm of progressive globalization.
SUPPORT OF BUSINESS INNOVATION IN THE FORM OF TAX BENEFITS FOR R&D OF ENTREPRENEURS IN SLOVAKIA
Authors:   University of Economics in Bratislava, Dolnozemská cesta 1, 852 35 Bratislava, Slovakia, Jančičková Lea , Pakšiová Renáta ,   University of Economics in Bratislava, Dolnozemská cesta 1, 852 35 Bratislava, Slovakia
Published: July 2021

Since 2015, the tax advantage of the R&D of entrepreneurs in Slovakia has been in the form of indirect support of innovation and creativity in companies. It could be a competitive advantage for the entrepreneurs who apply them. They are important on the revenue level, e.g. in the creation of a new product and on the cost level, in streamlining the conduct of business. This article aims to analyze the application of super-deduction in tax due to R&D carried out by entrepreneurs in Slovakia from the first year and focuses on R&D in the Slovak Republic from 2015 to 2018. Theoretical interpretations of R&D in legislative standards at transnational and national levels, different tax policies on innovation and gross domestic spending are defined at the outset. The theoretical background is important from the point of view of understanding the R&D in the conditions of the Slovak Republic, where the following quantitative research is carried out. As the main method of investigation, we used the quantitative analysis and comparison that we use to compare the increasing number of companies that used the R&D cost (expenditure) deduction in the context of legal form in the period considered for the years 2015 to 2018 and the amounts of applied super-deduction for individual types of companies. The performed quantitative analysis shows a weak use of the provided income tax relief in the form of super-deduction of costs in connection with the implementation of R&D by companies in Slovakia, despite the year-on-year growing trend. Due to the relative representation of individual legal forms of entities in Slovakia, according to our research, Limited Liability Companies apply a super-deduction of R&D costs annually in the period under review. The number of these entities is constantly growing, as is the amount of the super-deduction applied. Based on the findings, we can state that the increased percentage deduction rate had a positive effect on the motivation of entrepreneurs to apply incentives.
KEEP THE PACE: THE UNCORKED POTENTIAL OF WINE TOURISM IN ŠUMADIJA
Authors:   Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Business and Economics, Department of Marketing and Trade, Zemědělská 1665/1, 613 00 Brno-sever, Czech Republic, Kubát Patrik
Published: July 2021

In the last two decades, Serbia has begun to re-establish itself within other wine-producing countries. One of the Serbian wine regions – Šumadija – caught hold of this opportunity and launched in the wine tourism industry. This paper, based on visits to Šumadija wineries and interviews with winemakers, is a survey of the present tourism infrastructures and wine histories. The aim is to explore the capacity of the wine industry in its attempt to develop tourism as a component of regional developmental progress. It is a review of the wine tourism situation and development in the Šumadija region, a survey of where it is today, and an assessment of its potential in the future. The author conducted interviews with winemakers and collected primary data from tourists at the regional wine event in 2017. In conclusion, recommendations are made for the further development of the area as a wine destination.
IMPACT OF CORONAVIRUS CRISIS ON SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC
Authors:   University of Economics in Bratislava, Dpt. of Finance, Bratislava, Slovakia, Belanová Katarína
Published: July 2021

The crisis caused by the coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic has hit the corporate sector from an economic point of view particularly hard. The forced closure of operations led to a dramatic drop in sales and disruption of normal cash flow. In this regard, SMEs have been affected the most. Because of their economic and social importance for the economies, governments have taken many measures to help them. This article aims to evaluate the impacts of the coronavirus crisis on small and medium-sized enterprises in the Slovak Republic. For this purpose, we surveyed 139 SMEs up to the end of 2020. The results of the survey show that the existing help from the state has not compensated for the loss of sales and losses that entrepreneurs have had to deal with. The negative impact of the measures related to the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic was felt by up to 96% of the addressed SMEs. The article also includes proposals from interviewed SMEs regarding business support measures. In this regard, it is necessary to focus especially on eliminating the technical and procedural shortcomings of the measures.
IMPROVEMENT OF MEANS OF LOCALIZATION OF COAL DUST EXPLOSIONS
Authors:   State Higher Educational Institution «Donetsk National Technical University», Zavialova Оlena
Published: July 2021

Purpose. Improving the design of coal dust explosion localization devices to increase their speed, premature creation of an effective barrier from the cloud of extinguishing agent by reliable suppression of the fire front and, as a consequence, stop the spread of explosion on the mine, which will increase personnel protection from negative explosion factors. Methods. A comprehensive approach was used, which includes analysis and generalization of statistical data on explosions of methane-air and dust-air mixtures in mines of Ukraine, critical analysis of means for localization of coal dust explosions, computer modeling of rock deformations during the explosion. Results. The obtained data on the redistribution of explosion energy in the mountain massif allowed to scientifically substantiate a qualitatively new approach to obtaining information about the approach of the shock front. The results of the study confirmed that the loosening of dust accumulations under the influence of seismic waves, which are significantly ahead of the explosion front moving along the production, creates conditions for the formation of explosive dust concentration in front of the fire front. But early signaling from the seismic sensor of the presence of an explosion contributes to the formation of an explosion-proof environment to the approach of the fire front and provides prevention of the combustible environment and the creation of a non-combustible zone in the path of the fire front. Scientific novelty. A fundamentally new approach to explosion detection in mining is substantiated and a new design of a device for localization of coal dust explosions based on the disclosure of the mechanism of explosion energy propagation in the mountain environment is proposed. Practical significance. The use of the proposed device for localization of coal dust explosions allows to accelerate the localization of dust explosions, to create an effective barrier from the cloud of extinguishing agent by reliably suppressing the fire front and as a result to create an explosion-proof environment in mining.
ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF UNDERGROUND AND TERRESTRIAL URBANISTICS
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine ‘Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute’, Kofanova Olena , Kofanov Oleksii ,   National Technical University of Ukraine ‘Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute’
Published: July 2021

Purpose. The aim of the study is to predict the potential risk of urban air pollution by toxic components of exhaust gases of vehicles in terms of the underground and terrestrial urban planning, in particular, street canyons, underground pedestrian crossings, underground parking lots, etc. Methods. The following research methodology was used in the work: on the basis of space-time field observations of the intensity, density and speed of traffic flows, as well as using mathematical modeling methods it was proved that urban air pollution (of the roadside space, adjacent territories of well-type yards, underground infrastructure, etc.) by toxicants, which are components of vehicle engine emissions, remains at a high, often environmentally hazardous level, and therefore requires urgent development and implementation of the appropriate precautionary measures. Results. The analysis of problems of ecological safety of city objects of terrestrial (high-traffic roads, adjacent territories) and underground (underground pedestrian crossings, garages, parking lots) urbanistics allowed to reveal direct and indirect negative influences on air environment from emissions of motor vehicles; using mathematical modeling methods to predict the fields of concentration of major toxicants and identify areas of local emergency pollution in different weather conditions, identify the most unfavorable directions and wind speeds and assess the level of environmental hazards to human health (residents of houses located in the well-type yards, pedestrians, owners of underground garages (parking lots), tenants of parking spaces, etc.). Scientific novelty. The study revealed direct and indirect negative effects of the motor transport complex on the air environment of urban territories (objects of terrestrial and underground urbanistics), in particular, based on the use of mathematical modeling methods. The level of environmental danger to the health of urban residents has been assessed. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used in the design and construction of urban infrastructure, as well as to reduce the technogenic load on the environment and human health in existing objects of terrestrial and underground urbanistics and other city areas.
MANAGEMENT OF COMPLEX SOCIAL HUMAN SECURITY SYSTEMS
Authors:   Bila Tserkva Institute of Continuing Professional Education of the University of Education Management, Uriadnikova Inga , Zaplatynskyi Vasyl ,   Technical University «Metinvest Polytechnic»
Published: July 2021

Purpose: scientific substantiation of social security based on the principles of management of complex systems and an example of the application of mathematical modeling to determine internal risks in a complex social system.. Methods: use of elements of mathematical modeling, in particular the theory of optimal control and linear programming; analysis of the content of the concept of “security paradox”, logical-determinant assessment of this concept. Results: it is proposed to apply the principles of management of complex systems to ensure the social security of groups of people and society. An example of the application of mathematical modeling to determine internal risks in a complex social system is given. In order to ensure the proper functioning of risk mitigation measures in complex social systems, it is proposed to introduce compensatory risks, which may be penalties or other measures that can be considered as specifically introduced risks for individuals. The introduction of external protection against a number of dangers can provoke the emergence of a “security paradox”, the essence of which is to reduce the personal activity of counteracting risk by relying on external protection. Effective social security requires the development of a culture of security, morality, worldview and legislative measures.. Scientific novelty: the use of elements of mathematical modeling for risk assessment in the social security management system is proposed; introduced the concept of “security paradox”, which arises when security is moved from the individual to the collective level. The use of principles of management of complex systems for social security is offered. Practical significance: The use of a systematic approach and principles of management of complex systems in ensuring the security of society will identify the most important risks and focus on their prevention, prevention or reduction. An example of mathematical modeling is proposed to assess the internal risks of the social system.
RESEARCH OF THE FORMS OF MOTION TRAJECTORIES OF THE WORKING TOOL OF TOROIDAL PLANETARY EXECUTIVE UNITS OF MINING MACHINES
Authors:   Donetsk National Technical University, Dovhal Denys
Published: July 2021

Purpose. The purpose of this work is to determine and geometric analysis of possible forms of trajectories of the working tool, depending on the design and operating parameters of the torus planetary executive bodies of mining machines in the destruction of rock mass or minerals. Methods. Studies are based on the provisions of analytical and differential geometry, geometric modeling of objects, processes and phenomena, the theory of destruction of rocks and coal, as well as the theory of planetary executive bodies of mining machines. Results. On the basis of the mathematical model of the working process of the torus planetary executive body, the main forms of the trajectory of the spatial motion of a single working tool are considered, their geometric analysis is carried out. The characteristic features of the change in the shape of the trajectories are revealed when the values of the design and operating parameters of the executive body are varied, and their frequency is determined. Scientific novelty. For the first time, in the general case, a mathematical model of the process of movement of a single tool of a torus planetary executive body was analyzed in order to identify all possible characteristic forms of trajectories and, as a result, face surfaces, which constitute the basis for further research and optimization of the kinematic and dynamic characteristics of the process of destruction of a rock mass by executive bodies of mining machines. of the specified type. Practical significance. Scientifically substantiated data on the influence of the values ​​of the design and operating parameters on the parameters of the tool path, the degree of surface treatment of the face and the conditions for the transition of the torus executive body to other design cases of the planetary executive body have been obtained. All this in the future will make it possible to determine rational relationships between the design and operating parameters of the torus executive body, which will provide an effective “grid” of cutting, which will minimize the energy indicators of the destruction process and improve the fractional composition of the separated rock mass.
TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF REACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors:   National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Vakhitova Lyubov , Taran Nadiya ,   National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kalafat Konstantin ,   National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: July 2021

Purpose. Identification of the main directions of evolution of scientific researches concerning development and improvement of fire protective reactive coatings of intumescent type for steel constructions. Methods. Analysis of literature sources, study and generalization of information, classification and modeling of chemical processes. Results. As a result of the performed researches it has been shown that of all the developed reactive fire protection systems for increasing the fire resistance of steel structures the intumescent composition of ammonium polyphosphate/ pentaerythritol / melamine / polymer is the most widespread and economically justified. To reduce the cost of fire protection measures, it is necessary to improve the coatings of the intumescent type in the following main areas: increasing of fire protection efficiency with a decrease in the thickness of the fire protection layer; prolongation of life time with strengthening of resistance to external factors; reducing the cost of the prescription composition of intumescent paint due to the use of nanomaterials. Scientific novelty. It has been established that nanoclays, nanooxides of metals and silicon, LDH compounds and their analogues should be considered the most promising and multifunctional. The presence of nanomaterials in intumescent compositions allows to increase the environmental parameters of fire-retardant treatment due to the rejection of halogen flame retardants, boron compounds, formaldehyde resins. In addition, the presence of nanocompounds in intumescent coatings significantly reduces smoke in fire. Practical significance. The conclusions obtained from the literature review are of practical importance for the development of new approaches to the design of fire-fighting materials with improved performance through the use of nanomaterials, which provides a strong fire retardant foam char layer and provides rigidity of the insulation frame.
On the History of the Formation of Assyrian Diasporas in Cities on the Riga Railway
Authors: Mikhailov Sergei Sergeevich
Published: July 2021

In the article the author talks about a local episode in the history of the formation of one of the little-studied diasporas of the cities of Central Russia – the Assyrians. The author's goal is to consider the emergence of communities of the considered ethnic group using the example of small Assyrian diasporas known from the Riga Railway. Since the Assyrians settled in the cities of European Russia for the most part after exodus from their places of traditional residence, fleeing the genocide unleashed by the Turkish authorities during the First World War, their new places of residence anyway were tied to the lines of the railways that existed at that time. For this study, the Riga (formerly Vindava) direction was chosen, about the Assyrians of which the author has so far collected the maximum possible information. Based on the materials of the largest researcher of the Assyrian diaspora of the former USSR – archimandrite Stephen (Sado), as well as on the materials of his own field research, the author provides the reader with information on the diasporas that arose at the early stage of the formation of the Russian Assyrian community – in the 1920s-1930s. The article deals with the Assyrians of the former city of Tushino, which in 1960 became part of Moscow, Istra, Volokolamsk, Rzhev, Velikiye Luki, Toropets, located on the territory of the Moscow, Tver and Pskov regions of the Russian Federation. First of all, the participation of families from different tribal and rural communities in the formation of diasporas is considered, as a result, the author identifies at least three parts on this railway direction, inhabited by people from certain tribes. The first part, which includes the former city of Tushino and, possibly, Istra and Volokolamsk, is represented by the diasporas of the Jylu tribe. In the second, on the indicated railway direction, we include only the city of Rzhev. There, first of all, we see two groups of families of people from the village. Kochanis (Kuchisnaya tribe) and the Diz region (Diznaya). The latter point allows us to consider the city as part of the settlement area of the diasporas of this group, which includes some cities of the Tver and Smolensk regions, located along the adjacent Torzhok – Vyazma branch. The third part is the cities of Velikiye Luki and Toropets, in which we know mainly the Assyrians of the Shapatna group, who in the 1920–1930s created a large array of settlement of their diasporas, covering part of the north-west of Russia, Belarus, part of the north of Ukraine.
The Future of Distance Education: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Ataiants Gumash Borisovna , Podgornova Natalia Alekseevna
Published: July 2021

The article discusses the problems encountered during the transition to the distance learning format due to the introduction of quarantine measures for Covid-19. At the same time, it was the mass transition to a remote learning format that allowed us to determine the advantages and feel all the disadvantages of distance learning. Research methods. In this paper, we conducted sociological research in the form of a survey among parents of school leavers in Moscow. Students and teachers of the university of Ryazan on their satisfaction with the organization of distance learning, on the change in the level of academic load and on the possible consequences for the quality of education due to the transition to a remote learning format. According to the results of the study, problems of distance learning of a technical and organizational nature were identified, among which are: interruptions in the operation of online platforms due to overload; the lack of proper software for students, as well as the lack of direct face-to-face contact between students and the teacher; the requirement of strict self-discipline, motivation.
The study made it possible to draw the conclusion that the distance form of education in its current implementation leads to a decrease in the quality of training of students of higher educational institutions and school students. To improve the effectiveness of distance education, it is necessary to intensify work on the development of new educational standards, on the application of new methods and tools of teaching.
Analysis of the Level of Physical Fitness of Students under the Impact of Distance Learning
Authors: Ermakova Elena Gennadevna
Published: July 2021

The article deals with the problem of the influence of distance learning on the level of physical fitness of students. The use of modern information and communication technologies has led to the creation of a new educational environment, which, as part of the training, has provided students with the opportunity to independently acquire knowledge in the context of constantly updated information. The discipline «Physical Education» is one of the main practical classes in the university program, and in order to assess how the new proposed training conditions will affect the quality of physical fitness of students, we will conduct a study within the framework of physical education classes.
The aim of the study is to analyze the impact of distance learning on the level of physical fitness of students. Objectives of the study: to consider the content of distance learning, to analyze the passing of the standard running 100 m., to conduct an experiment and check the impact of distance learning on the level of physical fitness of students, to draw conclusions and make recommendations.
The research methods are the generalization of scientific and methodological literature, the method of mathematical statistics, and the pedagogical experiment.
Organization and results of the study. The study was conducted with students of the 1st year of full-time study at the Perm State Technical University. As a result of the experiment, it was revealed that during distance learning, the theoretical part of the students mastered better, and in the practical part (running 100 m.), the results deteriorated, since most of the physical culture program was presented in the form of theoretical and methodological-practical sections, and there was no possibility of active and systematic running, mastering technical and tactical training techniques and improving them.
German Packaging for Russian Novel: on the Problem of the Genre of the “Fiery Angel” by V. Bryusov
Authors: Krank Eduard Osvaldovich
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of the genre of V. Bryusov’s novel “The Fiery Angel”. The purpose of the article is to assert that the author uses the tradition of the medieval German novel in a stylized capacity. Bryusov needs the method of literary mystification not so much to hide relationships of real people who served as prototypes for the heroes of the novel, but to establish an allusive cultural connection between Germany in the era of M. Luther and the “Silver Age” of Russian literature, with its interest in issues of religion and gender. The relevance of the study dictated by the attention of the modern reader to the literature of the “Silver Age”, as well as a special interest in metamorphoses that the novel genre undergoes in the era of modernism and postmodernism. The research materials are the text of the novel, biographical information related to the personalities of prototypes, reviews of literary criticism, as well as literary studies. We use descriptive, hermeneutic, synchronic, diachronic, historical-genetic, comparative, analytical and biographical methods in this work. The results of the study and their discussion consist in reflection on the paradigm in defining the genre of the novel, in pointing out the tradition of literary mystification, which rises to the “Belkin’s Tales” by A. Pushkin. Also important is the circumstances that the religious searches inherent in the prototypes of the heroes of the novel are akin to Protestant moods of the Reformation. As a result, we conclude that the author, because of the anthropological unity of the archetypal situation, continued the literary tradition of the German Middle Ages. It is laid down in the basis of the plots of both V. Bryusov’s novel and the first part of “Faust” by I.W. Goethe, as well as A. Belyi’s novel “Petersburg”, in which the love triangle invariant and its transformation from prototypes to characters is represented by the same mechanism as is characteristic of the “Fiery Angel”. The assertion of this way of implementing a behavioral scheme (anthropological invariant) in the process of transforming prototypes into characters is the innovation of our work.
Modelling the effect of horizontal and vertical transmissions of HIV infection with efficient control strategies
Authors:   Near East University, Mustapha U.T. ,   Federal University Dutse, Sanlidag T. ,   Near East University, Hincal E. ,   Near East University, Kaymakamzade B. ,   Near East University, Muhammad S.M. ,   Near East University, Gokbulut N. ,   Near East University
Published: July 2021

In this paper a mathematical model is developed to study the transmission dynamics of HIV infection and the effect of horizontal and vertical transmission in Turkey is analyzed. Model is fitted with the use of confirmed HIV cases of both vertical and horizontal transmission from 2011 to 2018. Using the next generation operator the basic reproduction number of the model is obtained, which shows whether the disease persists or dies out in time. Further analysis shows that the model is locally asymptotically stable when the basic reproduction number R0 < 1 and is unstable when R0 > 1. The most sensitive parameters efficient for the control of the infection are obtained using forward normalized sensitivity index. Lastly, the results are obtained with the aid of mesh and contour plots, which show that decreasing the values of transmission rate diseases induced mortality rates and progression rates play a significant role in controlling the spread of HIV transmission.
Paracompact-type mappings
Authors:   Jusup Balasagyn Kyrgyz National University, Kanetov B.E. , Baidzhuranova A.M. ,   Institute of Mathematics of National Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz Republic
Published: July 2021

Recently a new direction of uniform topology called the uniform topology of uniformly continuous mappings has begun to develop intensively. This direction is devoted, first of all, to the extension to uniformly continuous mappings of the basic concepts and statements concerning uniform spaces. In this case a uniform space is understood as the simplest uniformly continuous mapping of this uniform space into a one-point space. The investigations carried out have revealed large uniform analogs of continuous mappings and made it possible to transfer to uniformly continuous mappings many of the main statements of the uniform topology of spaces. The method of transferring results from spaces to mappings makes it possible to generalize many results. Therefore, the problem of extending some concepts and statements concerning uniform spaces to uniformly continuous mappings is urgent. In this article, we introduce and study uniformly R-paracompact, strongly uniformly R-paracompact, and uniformly R-superparacompact mappings. In particular, we solve the problem of preserving R-paracompact (respectively, strongly uniformly R-paracompact, uniformly R-superparacompact) spaces towards the preimage under uniformly R-paracompact (respectively, strongly uniformly R-paracompact, uniformly R-superparacompact) mappings.
COMPORTAMENTO SEDENTÁRIO E FATORES ASSOCIADOS EM ESTUDANTES ESPANHÓIS E BRASILEIROS
Authors: Silva-Lima Silvia Bandeira da , Ferreira-Lima Walcir , Bandeira-Lima Flávia Évelin , Bandeira-Lima Fellipe , Mendes Edmar Lacerda , Mota Jorge Augusto Pinto Silva , Molena-Fernandes Carlos Alexandre , Fuentes Juan Pedro
Published: July 2021

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar o comportamento sedentário e fatores associados em estudantes espanhóis e brasileiros. Foi feito um estudo transversal realizado em Paranavaí-Brasil em 2013 e Cáceres-Espanha em 2015. Os Comportamentos Sedentários foram mensurados por questionário de estilo de vida, com perguntas sobre tempo de tela (televisão, videogames e internet), em dias de semana e aos fins de semana. O ponto de corte de ?2 horas/dia foi usado para categorizar o desfecho. Para analisar os resultados da investigação foram utilizados os testes U de Mann-Whitney, X2 e Odds Ratio (IC 95%). A amostra foi composta em Cáceres por 235 e em Paranavaí por 284 estudantes de 11 a 16 anos de idade. Os estudantes espanhóis foram mais ativos, e com maiores valores de índice de massa corporal. Os estudantes brasileiros apresentaram maior obesidade abdominal e maior exposição aos comportamentos sedentários (tempo de uso da TV, videogame e computador). Ter mais idade (14 a 16 anos) apresentou na Espanha maior chance de exposição ao uso de TV. Ser do sexo masculino representou maior chance de exposição ao videogame em ambos os países. Aproximadamente 38,7% dos espanhóis e 78,6% dos brasileiros apresentaram de um a três comportamentos sedentários no meio de semana (X2=104,772; p
TREINAMENTO DE FORÇA NO MEIO AQUÁTICO: UMA REVISÃO SOBRE OS ASPECTOS HISTÓRICOS, FISIOLÓGICOS E METODOLÓGICOS.
Authors: Kruel Luiz Fernando Martins , Costa Rochelle Rocha , Liedtke Giane Veiga , Kanitz Ana Carolina
Published: July 2021

Exercitar-se na água é uma prática constatada há vários séculos, embora seja recente sua realização de forma sistemática e planejada. A literatura científica é ampla no estudo dos efeitos do treinamento aeróbico aquático, tendo investigado diferentes modalidades. Nas últimas décadas têm ganhado relevância os estudos que avaliam treinamentos aquáticos de caráter de força e sua melhora no sistema neuromuscular. Contudo estes trabalhos apresentam metodologias de prescrição muito diferentes, dificultando sua comparação. Assim, o objetivo desta revisão é elucidar aspectos metodológicos para prescrição de exercícios de força no meio aquático. Este artigo tem caráter narrativo e para a localização e aquisição dos estudos foram consultadas as bases de dados eletrônicas SCOPUS, PUBMED, SCIELO e MEDLINE, realizando-se buscas de artigos publicados entre os anos 1980 e 2016, com os seguintes descritores: hidroginástica, treinamento de força aquático e corrida em piscina funda. Os resultados demonstraram que os primeiros estudos publicados mundialmente relacionados a este tema datam do final dos anos 90. Estes seguiam metodologias de treinamento que buscavam reproduzir o modelo aplicado no meio terrestre, ou seja, utilizando número de repetições e número de séries. Por outro lado, os estudos mais recentes têm proposto a utilização da velocidade máxima e o tempo de execução para se alcançar a rota metabólica adequada (sistemas fosfocreatina e glicolítico). Assim, os trabalhos demonstram que o treinamento de força no meio aquático têm proporcionado resultados satisfatórios em variáveis neuromusculares e morfológicas. Ainda, a prescrição de um treinamento de força neste meio, visando a rota metabólica adequada, utilizando o tempo de execução e a máxima velocidade, parece ser a forma mais eficiente de se alcançar objetivos relacionados ao treinamento de força.
A COMPOSIÇÃO CORPORAL É A VARIÁVEL DETERMINANTE NA RELAÇÃO COM O VO2MAX DE CRIANÇAS/ADOLESCENTES?
Authors: Venâncio PATRICIA Espíndola Mota , Lima William Alves , Tolentino Grassyara Pinho , Soares Viviane , Silva Iransé Oliveira , Silva Francisco Martins
Published: July 2021

O estudo teve como objetivo verificar a relação entre a composição corporal e o VO2max de crianças/ adolescentes. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com uma amostra de 228 crianças/adolescentes de escolas públicas, com idade média de 11,29±2,09 anos. Foram mensuradas circunferência abdominal (CA), massa corporal (MC), pressão arterial (PA), espessura de dobras cutâneas (DC) e VO2max estimado. As meninas com ?DC, acima de 35mm, apresentaram significativamente menores valores de VO2max, maior CA e MC. Já para meninos, somente CA se mostrou maior. Quanto maior o somatório DC, mais baixo foram os valores de VO2max., e mais elevada a MC, e CA para meninas, sendo que para estas duas últimas variáveis, a mesma relação foi identificada para os meninos. Foi observada pequena relação entre a ?DC e o VO2max. O VO2max não foi diferente entre os grupos (i.e
Comparative Effect of Core Stabilization Exercise and Active Video Gaming on Dynamic Balance in Elderly Female People: a SingleBlind Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Sonthikul Chatwalai , Hadhoh Nurulhuda , Madeeyoh Nurulhuda , Ponlakarn Aungsuma , Dolthamsiri Natthawat
Published: July 2021

Objective: The elderly have a decrease in muscle power and cognitive functions, leading to a higher risk of falling. The core stabilization exercise is a standard exercise for the elderly, but is considered as non-interesting and has no immediate feedback. On the other hand, active video gaming is new technology, more interesting and provides immediate feedback. Thus, the objective was to compare the effectiveness of core stabilization exercise (CSE) and active video gaming (AVG) on dynamic balance, core and lower limb muscle strength and reaction time in elderly people.Material and Methods: This study was a single-blind randomized controlled trial design; conducted from January to April, 2019. The participants were 34, healthy, elderly patients; who were randomly assigned to either the CSE group (n=17) or AVG group (n=17). All participants received a training program consisting of 60 minutes, 3 times a week, for 6 weeks. The CSE group received a core stabilization exercise program, while the AVG group received video gaming with balance control on a moveable platform (Sensamove® , the Netherlands). The participants were assessed for dynamic balance, core and lower limb muscle strength, and reaction time at pre-, two, forth, and sixth week. Results: The AVG group showed superior and significant difference to the CSE group in dynamic balance after forth (p-value=0.004; 95% confidence interval (CI), -0.94 to -0.11) and sixth week (p-value=0.001; 95% CI, -1.22 to -0.25) of training, and reaction time after forth (p-value=0.028; 95% CI, -37.89 to –0.24) and sixth week of training (p-value= 0.026; 95% CI, -72.08 to -10.13). However, within group comparison, after sixth weeks of training, the CSE group had significantly increased in core (p-value=0.020; 95% CI, 1.01 to 21.55) and lower limb muscle strength (p-value=0.008; 95% CI, -2.68 to -0.39). In addition, the AVG group had significantly increased in dynamic balance (p-value=0.001; 95% CI, -2.18 to -0.66), lower limb muscle strength (p-value=0.001; 95% CI, -2.38 to -0.66), and reaction time (p-value= 0.007; 95% CI, -120.99 to -22.64).Conclusion: Active video gaming showed better effectiveness than the core stabilization exercise in both dynamic balance and reaction time. Between before and after six weeks of training, the core stabilization exercise increased in core and lower limb muscle strength. In addition, active video gaming increased in dynamic balance, lower limb muscle strength and reaction time. So, active video gaming can be added in generic rehabilitation for improvement of muscle strength, reaction time and balance.
Seroprevalence of Immunoglobulin G Antibody among Contacts of COVID19 Cases: A Study from India
Authors: Prakash Om , Solanki Bhavin , Sheth Jay , Acharya Mehul , Kadam Mina , Vyas Sheetal , Shukla Aparajita , Tiwari Hemant
Published: July 2021

Objective: To estimate Covid19 seropositivity among contacts of cases and to compare the seropositivity among different types of contact for assessing the differential risk & transmission dynamics.Material and Methods: A large-scale population-based serosurvey was carried out among the general population of Ahmedabad during the second half of October 2020. The contacts of cases were selected based on the population proportion and enrolled as an additional category. The seropositivity among the contacts was estimated using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and compared with different types of contact and available demographic factors.Results: As of October 2020, the seropositivity against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2) among contacts of cases in Ahmedabad was 26.0% [95% confidence interval 24.2–28.0]. The seropositivity among family contacts was significantly higher (28.8%) compared to other contacts (24.4%) (Z=2.19, p-value=0.028). This trend was seen across all age groups and both sexes. The seropositivity was higher among females (27.7%) compared to males (24.5%) but the difference was statistically not significant (Z=1.64, p-value=0.101). In terms of age groups, the positivity had an increasing trend up to 60 years but declined after that.Conclusion: A seropositivity of 26.0% among contacts indicates that a large proportion of contacts demonstrated Immunoglobulin-G antibodies. This highlights asymptomatic transmission and/or low sensitivity of the diagnostic tests. The current strategy for contact tracing and testing among contacts is justified based on the significantly higher seropositivity among family contacts.
MODEL REKOMENDASI SISTEM UNTUK MENCIPTAKAN WIRAUSAHAWAN BARU DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN TEKNOLOGI WEB
Authors: Setiawan Eko Budi , Setiyadi Angga
Published: July 2021

This research aims to increase the revenue sector of the creative industry by increasing the number of new entrepreneurs created, especially on the MSME scale, as well as to help prospective entrepreneurs when planning to open a business sector that has recommended by the circumstances of the surrounding environment. This research model is devoted to the creation of new entrepreneurs that need for allied governments and the community. The results of the research that has done that has obtained a model that consists of hardware and software requirements, system architecture using web technology, database models, and calculation models used in providing recommendations. These research models have been validated by stakeholders so that they can implement at a later stage of research.
SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH WORKS ON THE PROMINENT POET OF MONGOLIA DANZAN RAVJAA IN THE WORLD'S MONGOLIAN STUDIES
Authors: Suglegmaa Kh. , Tumurbaatar M.
Published: July 2021

The article depicts scientific research papers on Ravjaa (1803-1856), a prominent Mongolian writer, composer, painter, and Buddhist scholar by scientists of Mongol Studies in the world. More than 20 worldrenowned scholars from over 10 countries, including Russia, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, the United States, Hungary, and the Czech Republic, have studied Danzanravjaa's biography and literary works specifically.
LINGUOSTATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE KAZAKH LANGUAGE ADVERSE WITH THE CONCEPT OF HUMAN AND WITH THE BASIC LEXEMA OF HUMAN
Authors: Marzhan A.
Published: July 2021

The article is devoted to the linguistic-statistical analysis of nominacentric proverbs of the Kazakh language on the basis of a proverbial collection «Қазақ мақал-мəтелдері» (Kazakh proverbs and sayings, 1990). The collection includes about 2225 proverbs and sayings by thematic classification. Proverbs and sayings of the Kazakh language in this dictionary are of great didactic and educational value both for schoolchildren and for university students, since they assert moral standards (hard work, patriotism, honesty, nobility, courage, etc.) and condemn human vices (laziness, cowardice, greed, etc.). The linguistic-statistical study was carried out (in absolute numbers and percentages). These are nominacentric proverbs with the notion of a person and with the basic lexeme of a person, as well as with words of other parts of speech that convey the meaning of a person (sen (you), erkek (man), ayel (woman), etc.). According to the results of the linguistic-statistical research the quantitative dominance of one group of proverbs over the proverbs of other groups demonstrates not only their statistical characteristics, but also qualitative (semantic and stylistic) properties.They are used more often in the speech of native speakers compared to proverbs characterized by low quantitative characteristics. In the process of conducting scientific analysis linguistic-statistical, semantic-stylistic methods, as well as the method of theoretical description were used.
SIMILARITY AND DIFFERENCE OF PARTIAL ANTHONYMY IN RUSSIAN AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
Authors: Saliha Yu. , Shahlo R.
Published: July 2021

This article examines the similarities and differences between verbal antonyms in the Russian and Uzbek languages, as well as the main semantic categories and typological features of the antonyms of adjectives, nouns and other parts of speech in Russian and Uzbek languages.