bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of Music Retrieval & Generation
Authors:   Student, Department of Information Technology, Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Technology, Delhi, India, Agarwal Aman
Published: May 2024

The research explores music generation through LSTM and VAEs neural network architectures, leveraging MIDI representations. LSTM specializes in sequential data processing, while VAEs compress music datasets into low-dimensional representations. Optimization of models is pursued by analyzing the relationship between training loss and epochs. Ultimately, a comparison between LSTM and VAEs determines the most effective algorithm for music generation. Traditional methods face issues like vanishing and exploding gradients, prompting exploration of deep learning approaches. The study aims to advance machine manipulation of music, facilitating new composition generation from existing MIDI files. Keywords: Music generation, LSTM, Variational Autoencoders (VAEs), MIDI representation, Sequential data, Neural network architectures, Training loss, Optimization, Deep learning, Vanishing gradient, Exploding gradient
IoT-Based Disaster Monitoring and Management System for Dams
Authors:   Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida  Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow, Chauhan Bipin Bihari
Published: May 2024

Dams hold great significance due to their role in generating hydroelectricity and facilitating irrigation. Over the years, numerous dams have been constructed in various locations, but their existence presents several risks. Consequently, it is crucial to establish an effective monitoring and management system for dams to maintain safe water levels and prevent man-made disasters. At present, dams in our state are managed manually, which can lead to errors and decision-making delays. This project aims to design and implement an IoT-based Disaster Monitoring and Management System for Dams . The system will monitor water levels in real-time for a group of dams, taking into account factors such as changes in water levels of connected rivers or lakes and excessive rainfall in the catchment area. The proposed an IoT-based Disaster Monitoring and Management System for Dams includes a mechatronics system that automatically adjusts shutter heights based on pre-calculated values. The system comprises sensor nodes, a smart controller, and a communication system, and operates in two modes: Autopilot and Manual data. The app-based IoT system will monitor and transmit real-time parameters related to dam conditions (gate position, water discharge, water level) and weather conditions (rainfall, temperature, humidity). Furthermore, the system will provide SMS alerts to local residents and SOS alerts to rescue operations during adverse weather conditions.
Enhancing Brain Tumour Identification through Convolutional Neural Network
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of ISE, Rajeev Institute of Technology, Hassan 2,3,4,5UG Students, Department of ISE, Rajeev Institute of Technology, Hassan, G Dr Prathiba
Published: May 2024

A tumor is carried on by rapid and uncontrolled cell proliferation in the brain. If it is not treated in the early stages, it could prove fatal. Despite multiple significant efforts and encouraging outcomes, accurate segmentation and classification still pose a difficulty. Detection of brain tumors is extremely complicated by the distinctions in tumor position, structure, and proportions. Using computational intelligence and statistical image processing techniques, proposed in our project provide multiple approaches to detect brain cancer and tumors. Also shows an evaluation matrix for a specific system using particular systems and type of dataset. Also explains the morphology of brain tumors, accessible data sets, augmentation techniques, component extraction, and classification of Deep Learning (DL), Transfer Learning (TL), and Machine Learning (ML) models. Key Words: brain tumour, image classification, image sementation, convolutional neural networks.
CRIME PREVENTION AND WORK MONITORING IN CROWD USING CCTV NETWORK
Authors:   Sri Shakthi Institute of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore, India, KA.J SriHariharan
Published: May 2024

In an era where surveillance technology is becoming increasingly sophisticated, leveraging Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV) networks for crime prevention and crowd monitoring has gained significant attention. This research aims to explore the potential of CCTV systems in deterring criminal activities and ensuring public safety in crowded environments. By integrating advanced video analytics and machine learning algorithms, the CCTV network can detect suspicious behavior patterns, identify potential threats, and alert law enforcement in real-time. Moreover, by employing work monitoring features, such as crowd density analysis and traffic flow optimization, the system can enhance operational efficiency and mitigate safety risks in various public spaces, including transportation hubs, shopping malls, and urban centers. Ultimately, this study seeks to contribute to the development of proactive security measures and intelligent surveillance solutions for safer communities. Keywords— Artificial Intelligence, CCTV Network, Crime Prevention, Crowd Monitoring, Surveillance.
SPEECH TO SIGN CONVERSION USING NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING
Authors:   Dept. of ISE, JNNCE, Shivamogga, India., B L Amrutha
Published: May 2024

Speech to sign conversion is one essential piece of technology that helps the hearing community and the hearing impaired communicate. This paper presents a novel approach utilizing Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques for speech to sign conversion. The system that is being suggested leverages advanced NLP algorithms to transcribe spoken language into text, which is thereafter converted to sign language. The process involves several key steps: speech recognition and sign language synthesis. The synthesized sign language gestures are generated based on a comprehensive database of sign language vocabulary and grammar rules. The proposed speech to sign conversion system demonstrates promising outcomes concerning accuracy, efficiency, and usability. By harnessing the power of NLP, this technology possesses the capacity to significantly enhance communication accessibility for the hearing-impaired community, facilitating seamless interaction n a number of fields, such as education and healthcare and social communication. Key Words: Speech Recognition, Natural Language Processing, Tokenization, Lemmatization, Parsing.
Exploring spatial distribution characteristics of Populus simonii Carr coarse roots using ground penetrating radar
Authors: Cuong Le Van , Dai Yunze , Manh Vu , Hop Nguyen Van , Quy Nguyen Van
Published: May 2024

A comprehensive root database holds paramount importance for agro-forestry endeavours, providing valuable insights into the ecological characteristics and stability of plant species. However, the creation of such databases presents a formidable challenge. This study is devoted to shedding light on the spatial distribution characteristics of coarse roots (diameter ≥1 cm) in Populus simonii trees, which naturally flourish in Tongde County, Thanh Hai province, China. Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) technology was employed to investigate the distribution of these coarse roots, while tree root diameters were estimated through controlled experiments involving buried objects. A total of 40 P. simonii trees were meticulously selected for data collection, and the coarse roots of these trees were categorized into three diameter classes: 1-2 cm, 2-3 cm, and ≥3 cm. The study findings have unveiled a robust correlation between the density of coarse roots and the diameter at breast height (dbh) of the trees. Moreover, the total coarse root density moderately correlates with canopy width and tree height within a horizontal plane extending 3-5 m from the tree base and a vertical plane at a soil depth of 20-40 cm. This study underscores the effectiveness of GPR in elucidating the spatial distribution of tree roots and accurately estimating root diameters. This underscores the potential of GPR to significantly enhance investigations related to root ecology and below-ground biomass estimation.
Mangrove above-ground carbon estimation from Sentinel-1A (SAR) and field-based data in Tien Yen district, Quang Ninh province
Authors: Hoa Nguyen Hai , Truong Vu Van , Hien Nguyen Thi Thu , Son Ha Tri , Thi Nguyen Van , Cuong Nguyen Trong , Hao Nguyen Thi Bich , Huong Tran Thi , Le Phan Duc , Dung Phan Van , An Thai Thi Thuy , Tuan Le Phu
Published: May 2024

Mangrove forests have been globally recognized as they play a vital role in preventing coastal erosion, mitigating the effects of wave actions, and protecting coastal habitats and adjacent shoreline land-uses from extreme coastal events. Sentinel-1 (SAR) offers a new opportunity for mangrove cover mapping and biomass estimation, especially in the tropics where mangrove deforestation and degradation are highest and cloud cover is persistent. This study used the Sentinel-1A-derived VV/VH polarizations for mangrove cover mapping with thresholds of -23.5<VH<-9.05 and -17.5<VV<-3.8. Upon using VV and VH polarizations for mangrove cover mapping compared to PlanetScope data, it has been confirmed that these polarizations are suitable for mangrove cover monitoring along the coast of Tien Yen with an overall accuracy of over 90.5% and Kappa coefficient greater than 0.78 in 2022. This study also developed mangrove AGB models based on the field survey data and SAR data for estimating the AGB of mangrove forests in Tien Yen. In fact, we evaluated the capability of using Sentinel-1A for the retrieval and predictive mapping and mangrove AGB through the conventional linear regression models. The findings show that the models based on VV and VH polarization values from Sentinel-1A can be used for mangrove AGB estimation. Overall, selected AGB Model 1 with R2=0.445 (p-value<0.001) has provided an option for carbon estimation. To have more accurate AGB models based on SAR data, this study also suggests that more research should be carried out using more advanced machine learning models based on Sentinel-1A and Sentinel-1B for carbon estimation of mangrove forests in Tien Yen.
Assessing environmental services and economic values of urban tree species in open public green spaces at Ecopark, Hung Yen province, Vietnam: An application of i-Tree Eco model
Authors: Ngoc Duong Thi Bich , Minh Nguyen Trong , Phi Pham Hoang , Sam Hoang Van , Van Nguyen Quang
Published: May 2024

Urban trees have been widely acknowledged providing a wide range of environmental services. They help to improve air quality by absorbing pollutants, crucial roles in magaging stormwater runoff etc., in urban environments. This study applied i-Tree Eco model to assess the structure of community trees and quantifies the environmental services and economic values in open public green spaces in Eco Park, Hung Yen province, Vietnam. To run the model, we collected profiles of 942 trees in the study area, including: location; species name; diameter at beast height (DBH, 1.3 m above ground); tree height values (crown tree height, canopy length, etc.); height under canopy (canopy width of East-West, South-North directions); canopy missing percentage; and crown light exposure. The result showed that all the tree species contributed to 990kg PM2.5 reduction (equal to 231,660 $/year); 1,338.4 (ton/year) carbon sequestration (equal to 13,384 $/year) and 26,772.1 (ton) carbon storage (equal to 267721 $/year); and 37,600.2 (m3) avoided runoff (equal to 79,712 $/year). Overall, Khaya senegalensis (Desr.) A. Juss. species was providing the most environmental services; Ficus subpisocarpa Gagnep. species was the most economically valuable with nearly 75 $/tree. Urban landscape design should consider these superior tree species into green infrustructure projects to maximize the environmental services and economic values.
Adaptation Strategies Through Mining Compensation in Mabayi Commune, Burundi
Authors: GACIYUBWENGE Egide , BURNY Philippe , BITAMA Pierre Claver
Published: May 2024

One of main effects of mining on rural agriculture is the loss of farmland by households living near mining sites. In return, these households should receive compensation. This compensation, if well invested, may lead to improved livelihoods for these farming households. If not, these households may find their livelihoods deteriorating if the compensation is not properly managed. This paper aims to analyze household compensation investment strategies in Mabayi commune (Burundi) and their effects on the livelihoods of households affected by mining activities. A survey of 140 households, interviews with key informants, and observations were conducted in July and August 2022 on Gahoma and Ruhororo hills where foreign company ‘‘Tanganyika Mining Burundi (TMB)’’ and local cooperative ‘‘Dukorere Hamwe Dusoze Ikivi (DHDI)’’ were carrying out their activities respectively since December 2018, in Mabayi commune. Results showed that 17 out of 20 households (85%) and 13 out of 17 households (76.5%) had invested their compensation well, in Gahoma and Ruhororo hills respectively. They had improved or maintained their overall quantity of agricultural production, and improved their livelihoods in general. On other hand, 3 households (15%) and 4 households (23.5%) had invested their compensation inappropriately, in Gahoma and Ruhororo respectively. They had suffered reduction in their overall quantity of agricultural production, and experienced deterioration of their livelihoods in general. Fair and up-front compensation for households, assistance in how to invest compensation, capacity-building in agriculture and alternative activities, should maximize opportunities for improved livelihoods. The mining company and cooperative must also comply with environmental regulations.
El software PHPSimplex y la capacidad de aprendizaje de la programación lineal en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: MARTINEZ MINELLY YSABEL , Arámbulo Marisol
Published: May 2024

El uso de las TIC para el mejoramiento de la formación docente y estudiantil, y en general, del proceso educativo es ineludible. El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación fue analizar la acción de la aplicación del software PHPSimplex, como instrumento didáctico, en el desarrollo de la capacidad aprendizaje (cognitivas, procedimentales y actitudinales) en la programación lineal en cursantes de una universidad privada de Tacna, Perú. El estudio tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo, con un diseño no experimental y transversal, de tipo descriptivo – correlacional. La población fue de 57 estudiantes, se aplicó una encuesta con el fin de colectar la información, las variables estudiadas fueron la aplicación del software PHPSimplex y las capacidades cognitiva, procedimental y actitudinal. Se realizó análisis de estadística central y correlación. Los resultados señalaron que la aplicación orienta que la capacidad procedimental y luego la actitudinal son las más destacadas en el proceso de aprendizaje con el soporte de la herramienta.
Actividades STEM en libros de texto de matemática de 1° y 2° año de educación secundaria en Chile
Authors: Aguirre Paula , González Paloma , Rojas Fernanda , Díaz Danilo , Morales Rodolfo
Published: May 2024

Esta investigación tuvocomo objetivo analizar las actividades STEM propuestas en libros de texto de matemática de 1° y 2° año de Educación Secundaria. Para ello, se realizóuna investigación cualitativa, utilizando la técnica del análisis de contenido. Se analizaron un total de 4 libros de texto de Educación Secundaria, dos editados por el Ministerio de Educación y dos por una editorial privada. Las actividades de los librosde texto se analizaron según:eje de aprendizaje, disciplina STEM, enfoque del currículum integrado, rol de las imágenes y habilidades promovidas. Se analizaron un total de 63 actividades STEM, 45 pertenecientes a los textos públicos y 18 a los privados. Se observó elpredominio de: el eje de números; la disciplina de ciencias; el enfoque curricular conectado; el rol contextual de las imágenes; y de las habilidades de procesar y analizar la evidencia (ciencias), crear (tecnología), optimizar recursos (ingeniería) y argumentar y comunicar (matemática). Se concluye la necesidad de aumentar las actividades STEM en ambos libros de texto, logrando un equilibrio entre las categorías.PALABRAS CLAVE: Libros de texto;Actividades;Educación STEM;Educación Secundaria
The Impact of Creative Accounting Methods on the Credibility of Financial Statements
Authors:   Department of Accounting, College of Administrative Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Iraq, hashem Ibtihal Saad , Saleh Mahdi Mortada Jawad ,   Department of Accounting, College of Administrative Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Iraq
Published: May 2024

This research aims to know the extent of the impact of creative accounting methods on the validity and credibility of financial statements (financial position statement, income statement, cash flow statement), and this is from the point of view of both the preparers of the financial statements and the beneficiaries of their services. To answer the research problem, we have relied on the investigative aspect on a questionnaire. It was directed to two samples (preparers of financial statements and their beneficiaries). 60 searchable questionnaires were distributed and retrieved for each of the two samples. In analyzing the questionnaire and testing the research hypotheses, we relied on the nonparametric mean difference test for the two independent samples (Mann-Whitney) or (U). The study found that, to a large extent, there are no statistically significant differences regarding the effect of creative accounting methods and the validity and credibility of financial statements from the point of view of financial statement preparers and the entities that benefit from their services. They agree that creative accounting has a significant impact on the validity and credibility of financial statements.
Electronic Auditing and Its Impact on Achieving Quality Financial Reports An Exploratory Study at Al-Tafif Islamic Bank, Babylon Branch
Authors:   Department of Accounting. College of Administrative Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Iraq, Alfartoosi Ali Mohammed Hussein , Abbas Jabr Baneen ,   Department of Accounting. College of Administrative Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Iraq, Najm Dhay Essam ,   Department of Accounting. College of Administrative Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Iraq
Published: May 2024

This research aims to determine the effectiveness of electronic auditing in improving the quality of financial reports. To achieve the objectives of the study, a cross-sectional survey method was used to collect data from a sample of employees working at Al-Taif Islamic Bank (Babylon Branch), and primary data was collected using structured electronic Likert-scale questionnaires. SPSS statistical software was used to analyze the collected data; The results of the analysis concluded that electronic auditing improves the quality of financial reports in Iraq. The study concluded that banks should adopt the effective and expanded use of electronic auditing because it provides independent, honest and reliable financial audit information. Banks in Iraq must adopt effective and expanded use of electronic auditing to ensure the detection of financial fraud, thus closing routine financial loopholes.
The Carbon Footprint and Its Impact on Sustainable Accounting An Exploratory Study of the Opinions of A Sample Of Employees At Al-Joud Company
Authors:   Department of Accounting. College of Administrative Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Iraq, Alfartoosi Ali Mohammed Hussein , Hatef Safa Hatem ,   Department of Accounting. College of Administrative Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Iraq, Negm Heba Abdel Hussein ,   Department of Accounting. College of Administrative Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Iraq, Hussein Maryam Mohamed Abdel ,   Department of Accounting. College of Administrative Sciences, Al-Mustaqbal University, Iraq
Published: May 2024

Energy is the backbone of modern life and the lifeline of many sectors. In contrast, it is the leading cause of climate change. The magnitude of this problem, considered one of the global environmental problems that have become a concern for all of humanity, has prompted people to search for ways to reduce these emissions and then protect the environment and achieve accountability. Sustainability can be measured through a set of indicators, including the environmental footprint, which was used initially, and the carbon footprint, which relates to carbon emissions only. This is what we will highlight in this research paper as we try to understand the carbon footprint concept and its impact on sustainable accounting.
Cicle familiar i nivell d’instrucció en la inserció i el manteniment en el mercat laboral de les generacions femenines espanyoles des de 1977 fins a 2022
Authors: Montfort Chipell Anna , Treviño Maruri Rocío
Published: May 2024

L’article aborda els canvis generacionals en la participació laboral de les dones considerant-ne l’educació i la situació familiar. Utilitzant l’Enquesta de Població Activa, s’han creat biografies laborals fictícies de dones nascudes entre 1926 i 2001. S’ha realitzat una anàlisi descriptiva de les tendències d’activitat, ocupació i atur segons l’edat, el nivell d’instrucció i la situació familiar, i s’han elaborat models de regressió logística multinomial. Els resultats minimitzen la importància atorgada a l’educació en els canvis generacionals de participació laboral femenina i indiquen factors més relacionats amb la demanda, tot i que es destaca més entre les dones que tenen de 45 a 54 anys que no pas entre les de 25 a 34 anys, quan la situació familiar té un impacte més significatiu.
Effect of Planting Media Composition and Consentration of Vegetable Waste Liquid Organic Fertilizer on the Growth of Oil Palm Seedlings (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq) in the Main Nursery
Authors:   Lecturer at the Yogyakarta STIPER Agricultural Institute, Indonesia., Setyawati Ety Rosa , Pratama Putra Dian ,   Lecturer at the Yogyakarta STIPER Agricultural Institute, Indonesia., Rinaldy Muhammad ,   Student at the Yogyakarta STIPER Agricultural Institute, Indonesia.
Published: May 2024

The research was carried out at Research and Educational Garden of the STIPER Agricultural Institute which is located in Maguwoharjo, Sleman, Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia. This experiment was conducted from April – July 2023. This research design used a factorial experiment arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of two factors. The first factor was the composition of the planting medium with 3 kinds, namely: M1 = top soil + cocopeat (1:1); M2 = top soil + husk charcoal (1:1) and M3 = top soil + cocopeat + husk charcoal (1:1:1 ). The second factor was the LOF of vegetable waste which consists of 4 kinds, namely: P0 = without LOF (Liquid Organic Fertilizer) of vegetable waste (control); P1 = 50 ml / plant; P2 = 80 ml /plant and P3 = 100 ml / plant. The treatment combinations were 3 x 4 = 12 with 4 replications to obtain 48 plants. Data observations were analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and if there were significantly differences, it was continued analyzed with the Duncan's Multiple Range Test at 5%. There is an interaction between the composition of the planting medium and the LOF of vegetable waste, on the fresh weight of the crown and the fresh weight of the roots. The best treatment combination for crown fresh weight and root fresh weight is top soil + husk charcoal with vegetable waste LOF 100 ml/plant. The composition of the planting media has an influence on planting height, number of leaves, fresh weight of the crown and fresh weight of the roots. Top soil + charcoal husk planting media is the best. The LOF concentration of vegetable waste has an effect on stem diameter, fresh weight of the crown and the roots. Giving vegetable waste LOF of 50 ml/plant and so on up to 100 ml/plant shows better growth.
Guía de Aprendizaje Matemático para Adultos con Escolaridad Inconclusa
Authors: Jessica Gabriela Grandes-Padilla , Paola Jacqueline Duque-Sánchez , Hugo Patricio Barrionuevo-Montalvo , Miguel Angel Casa-Chicaiza
Published: May 2024

El aprendizaje matemático para adultos con escolaridad inconclusa es un tema crucial para mejorar la calidad de vida y las oportunidades laborales de muchas personas. Estas personas pueden enfrentar desafíos únicos debido a lagunas en su educación formal, pero aún así, es posible desarrollar habilidades matemáticas sólidas. Un enfoque efectivo para enseñar matemáticas a adultos con escolaridad inconclusa es utilizar métodos prácticos y contextualizados. Esto significa vincular los conceptos matemáticos con situaciones de la vida real que los adultos puedan encontrar en su trabajo, hogar o comunidad. Por ejemplo, enseñar habilidades financieras básicas como el presupuesto, el manejo de dinero y el cálculo de intereses puede ser extremadamente útil y motivador. Además, es importante crear un ambiente de aprendizaje seguro y de apoyo que fomente la confianza y la participación activa. Los adultos pueden sentir vergüenza o ansiedad debido a sus experiencias previas de aprendizaje, por lo que es crucial proporcionarles retroalimentación constructiva y celebrar sus logros, por pequeños que sean. La tecnología también puede desempeñar un papel importante en el aprendizaje matemático para adultos con escolaridad inconclusa. Las aplicaciones y programas educativos pueden ofrecer lecciones interactivas, ejercicios prácticos y seguimiento del progreso, todo lo cual puede ayudar a los adultos a mejorar sus habilidades matemáticas de manera autodidacta y a su propio ritmo. El aprendizaje matemático para adultos con escolaridad inconclusa es un proceso desafiante pero fundamental para mejorar su calidad de vida y oportunidades futuras. Al adoptar un enfoque práctico, contextualizado y de apoyo, es posible ayudar a estos adultos a adquirir las habilidades matemáticas necesarias para tener éxito en la vida cotidiana y en el lugar de trabajo.
A gestão de resíduos sólidos (GRS) no Brasil a partir do ano de promulgação da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS): uma análise bibliométrica
Authors: Queiroz Luiz Paulo de Oliveira , Queiroz Paulo Ricardo de Oliveira , Souza Ronnio Liniker da Silva e , Nunes Ronison Inocencio , Silva Wedson Aleff Oliveira da , Almeida José Gustavo Lima de
Published: May 2024

A implantação de estratégias sustentáveis na gestão dos resíduos sólidos (GRS) é um desafio constante para os gestores públicos do Brasil. A Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS), foi aprovada em 02 de agosto de 2010 e é considerada o principal instrumento norteador para GRS em todo território nacional. Os dados elaborados por meio dos estudos bibliométricos mensuram a contri­buição do conhecimento científico derivado das publicações em determinadas áreas. Os indicadores de produção são úteis para o planejamento e a execução de políticas públicas, e para o conhecimento da comunidade científica. Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho é realizar um estudo bibliométrico sobre a produção científica brasileira referente GRS a partir da análise de publicações em periódicos indexados na base de dados do Web of Science (WoS). Os dados foram coletados utilizando operadores booleanos ("solid waste" or "solid waste management"). São analisadas 1.690 publicações distribuídas em 10 áreas de conhecimento, entre 2010 e 2021. Entre artigos analisados foi observado uma evolução expressiva da produção científica brasileira sobre essa temática nos últimos anos, com forte contribuição da Universidade de São Paulo (USP). A implementação da PNRS somada as pressões de órgãos internacionais, as reações do meio ambiente e suas consequências econômicas e na vida das populações urbanas, contribuíram significativamente para a evolução nas pesquisas sobre a GRS.
Condições de saúde bucal e atividade extensionista em uma comunidade rural no município Breu Branco-PA
Authors: Souza Elaine Veiga de , Silva Taniara de Fátima Souza da , Oliveira Marlene Ribeiro de , Lopes Sheila Gonçalves , Ribeiro Lucas Bittencourt , Vilhena Amujacy Tavares , Santos Andressa da Silva dos , Almeida Simone Chaves de
Published: May 2024

Os projetos de extensão universitários são importantes no desenvolvimento acadêmico e estabelece um elo entre o ensino, a pesquisa e a extensão, permitindo ao estudante adquirir experiências e consolidar e trocar saberes entre professores, alunos e a população. O presente estudo objetiva relatar a experiência de acadêmicos do curso de graduação em odontologia da Faculdade Gamaliel sobre atividade extensionista de saúde bucal coletiva realizada na comunidade de Placas do município de Breu Branco/Pará. A atividade foi composta por ações de educação em saúde, levantamento epidemiológico, intervenções clínicas (ART, orientação de higiene bucal, profilaxia e ATF), e encaminhamentos à atenção primária O. Levantamento epidemiológico, realizado em de 61 crianças, mostrou índices CPO-D (1,9) e ceo-d (3,0) o que demonstra respectivamente, média e alta prevalência de cárie. A vivência proporcionou aos acadêmicos de Odontologia consolidar conhecimentos e retribuir à comunidade com ações concretas e eficazes no cuidado com a saúde bucal.
Otite média aguda em crianças: uma exegese profunda das etiologias, práticas diagnósticas e terapêuticas
Authors: Sousa Rodrigo Guedes de , Santos Luiz Henrique Gonçalves dos , Arruda Raphael Marin , Moretz-Sohn Luiz Henrique Guedes , Rangel Letícia Pedra Ferreira de Vasconcelos , Salgueiro Stefany Alves , Araújo Tiago Gonçalves de , Hamdan Mariam Walid , Peixoto Filipe Ribeiro , Rangel Amanda Faria , Senn Pamella Bueno , Costa Júnior Heber Borges da , Rachid Raianny Christina Niesing , Vaz Gleiciane Ramos
Published: May 2024

A otite média aguda (OMA) representa uma das afecções mais prevalentes na infância, desencadeando significativo impacto na saúde pediátrica global. Este artigo visa elucidar de maneira abrangente as causas etiológicas, abordagens diagnósticas e opções terapêuticas vigentes para a OMA em crianças. Através de uma análise meticulosa da literatura existente, foram exploradas as interações entre agentes patogênicos bacterianos e virais e a predisposição anatômica e imunológica infantil como fatores cruciais na instauração da doença. Ademais, discute-se a influência de fatores ambientais e genéticos na susceptibilidade e manifestação da OMA. No contexto diagnóstico, este estudo enfatiza a relevância de técnicas avançadas de imagem e analisa o papel dos cuidados primários, juntamente com intervenções especializadas na gestão da OMA. Em relação às práticas terapêuticas, a pesquisa avalia a eficácia de regimes farmacológicos, destacando a administração de antibióticos e a implementação de estratégias de vacinação. Adicionalmente, a revisão examina abordagens inovadoras, como a terapia com probióticos e o uso de vacinas dirigidas a patógenos específicos, ressaltando sua potencial contribuição na prevenção de recorrências e na melhoria dos resultados clínicos. Este trabalho amplia significativamente a compreensão da OMA, fornecendo uma base sólida para futuras investigações e para o aprimoramento das estratégias de manejo clínico na pediatria.
De “Rita” à “Geni”: uma análise do papel da mulher no cenário sociocultural brasileiro à luz dos direitos fundamentais e da linguagem apresentada em letras de músicas nacionais
Authors: Tonácio Cláudia Michelly Sales de Paiva , Bussinguer Elda Coelho de Azevedo
Published: May 2024

As mulheres serviram de inspiração para a arte ao longo de toda a história. Do preciosismo impressionante das curvas da Vênus de Milo ao sorriso enigmático da Monalisa, elas encantam e suscitam olhares admirados no decorrer dos séculos. No cenário das canções, a mulher sempre foi retratada em diversos recortes musicais, desde “Ritas” a “Geni”. O presente artigo tem por objetivo investigar qual o papel que as mulheres representam nas letras de músicas nacionais, utilizando o método dialético. Portanto, foram analisadas canções compostas por autores distintos e estilos múltiplos, em diferentes épocas e regiões do país, destacando-se célebres compositores brasileiros, a exemplo de Chico Buarque de Holanda, como ícone da música popular brasileira em sua capacidade de narrar as mulheres em canções; Luiz Gonzaga, como referência da cultura nordestina em seu olhar e convicções de sua época; Ataulfo Alves e Pitty “construindo e desconstruindo Amélia”,  e finalmente, os mais variados Mcs apresentando a “novinha” sob a “batida do funk nacional”. Do estudo, foi possível identificar que a mulher ainda é vista sob vários estereótipos, embora aparentemente exaltada em algumas letras, em outras é meramente objetificada.
THE EFFICACY OF AMELIORANTS FOR REMEDIATION OF SOILS CONTAMINATED WITH HEAVY METALS, IN A LAB EXPERIMENT
Authors: KOVALEVA E.I. , PEREBASOVA P.M. , AVDULOV D.A. , LADONIN D.V. , TROFIMOV S.YA.
Published: May 2024

The effectiveness of remediators in detoxification of soils contaminated with heavy metals was studied in a lab experiment. The objects of the study were the soils of the southern tundra, functioning under conditions of anthropogenic impact: Haplic Gleysols (Gelic) and Histic Fluvisols (Oxyaquic). The chemical ability of remediants to bind metals (Ni and Cu), transferring them to a sedentary state in comparison with the reference variants (without any addition of remediants), was evaluated. In experiments, remediants were used in three doses (D1, D2, D3): shungite; diatomite, glauconite and bentonite. To assess the immobilization of Ni and Cu in soils, acid-soluble (CR) forms (extraction of 1 n. HNO3), mobile forms (ammonium acetate buffer solution with pH 4.8), water-soluble forms of Ni and Cu (1:20 aqueous extract) were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The effectiveness of soil detoxification during the application of remediants was evaluated by the phytotoxic effect in an express phytoassay with standardized tests (Brassica rapa CrGC and Avena sativa) represented by higher plants. A decrease in the proportion of mobile forms of Ni and Cu by 50% or more in Haplic Gleysols (Gelic) was revealed with the addition of any dose of ameliorants. The greatest effect of reducing mobility was exerted by shungite and diatomite at a dose of D1 - up to 15% Ni and Cu for Histic Fluvisols (Oxyaquic) soil. The use of the selected remediants in the indicated amounts did not reveal a phytotoxic effect on the tests in the experiment.
Bio-efficacy of bio-rationals against citrus leaf miner (Phyllocnistis citrella) in acid lime (Citrus aurantiifolia)
Authors: N T DILEEP KUMAR , A P BIRADAR
Published: May 2024

The field experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) 2020–21 and rainy (kharif) season of 2021–22 at College of Agriculture (University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad), Vijayapura, Karnataka to evaluate efficacy of bio-rationals against citrus leaf miner (Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton). The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design (RBD) with 8 treatments, viz. bio digester solution (10%); pongamia leaf extract (5%); Prosopis juliflora leaf extract (5%); Beauveria bassiana (2 × 108 conidia/g) (1 kg/ha); Bacillus thuringiensis 8 L (1 L/ha); neem-based insecticide (10000 ppm) (1.5 L/ha); thiamethoxam 25 wg (125 ml/ha) (standard check); and untreated control (water spray), replicated thrice. Among the selected bio-rationals, two application of neem (Azadirachta indica)-based insecticide recorded significantly lesser number of live mines/shoot followed by bio-digester solution (10%) and these treatments were found superior in controlling citrus leaf miner on acid lime [Citrus aurantiifolia (Christm.) Swingle]. The pongamia leaf extract, Bacillus thuringiensis 8 L and Beauveria bassiana were proved to be moderately affective against this pest. The bio-rationals found effective can be used in integrated management of citrus leaf miner on acid lime.
Microbial nanomaterials: Role in sustainable agricultural practices
Authors: MUKHERJEE SHAON , SIDDIQUI JAMAL , SAXENA JUHI
Published: May 2024

The increased use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, soil-based heavy metals to improve productivity in agriculture results into higher pollution level in agroecosystem. It has become a major issue on a global scale that seriously jeopardizes people’s health and welfare as well as affects society and overall economy. In view of this, there is an urgent need to detect pollutants in the agroecosystem so that remediation practices can be implemented in time. The evolution of more responsive, affordable and precise technology is needed to create nano-sensors or nanodevices that can be used to monitor agricultural pollution, and the processes involved in pollution control. Major focused ones are those that can detect pollutants at very low concentration levels, as well as point-to-point sensing, in situ, and uninterrupted monitoring devices that offer synchronized data. These sensors are readily available in the market for the detection of organic pollutants, gases, volatile organic molecules, heavy metal ions, hazardous metal ions, etc. but they consume a lot of power and lack sophisticated technologies for improved selectivity and sensitivity. Their precision, sensitivity, response speed and environmental stability under actual operating conditions can all be improved with the aid of nanotechnology. In this study an attempt was made to describe how microbial biosensors can be used to detect toxic materials in agroecosystems. Additionally, an application of nanomaterials as pesticides and antimicrobial agent has also been discussed.
Influence of transplanting date and integrated weed management in system of rice intensification of aromatic black rice (Oryza sativa)
Authors: NONGMAITHEM D , DOLIE SIBINO , JAMIR MOATOSHI , GOHAIN TANKESWAR , LONGKUMER TONGPANG , SINGH AVANISH PRAKASH , TZUDIR LANUNOLA , YADAV REKHA , DUTTA MANOJ
Published: May 2024

A field experiment was conducted during rainy seasons (kharif) of 2019 and 2020 at the research farm of School of Agricultural Sciences, Nagaland University, Nagaland to study the effect of transplanting date and weed management practices on productivity and profitability of aromatic black rice (Oryza sativa L.) under system of rice intensification. The experiment was conducted in a split plot design (SPD) with 3 transplanting dates (D1, 15th June; D2, 30th June; and D3, 15th July) in main plot and 5 weed managements practices [W1, Weedy check; W2, Conoweeding at 20 and 40 DAT (days after transplanting); W3, Pretilachlor @0.75 kg/ha (PE) fb hand weeding (HW) at 40 DAT; W4, Pretilachlor @0.75 kg/ha (PE) fb conoweeder at 40 DAT; and W5, Pretilachlor at 0.75 kg/ha (PE) fb bispyribac-sodium @ 25 g/ha (PoE)] in sub-plot, replicated thrice. Results showed that the most abundant weed flora observed in the experimental field were Fimbristylis quinquangularis (Vahl) Kunth, Cyperus esculentus (L.), Cyperus iria (L.), Rhynchospora colorata (L.) H.Pfeiff., Ludwigia linifolia Poir, Mimosa pudica (L.), Mimosa diplotricha Sauvalle, Scoparia dulcis (L.) and Eriochloa villosa (Thunb.) Kunth. Transplanting on 15th June recorded highest growth and yield of black rice. The improvement in the grain yield was about 39% under 15th June over 15th July transplanting date. Among weed management practices, pretilachlor @0.75 kg/ha at 3 DAT fb HW at 40 DAT recorded minimum density of weeds resulting in higher growth attributes and yield of black rice. Economic analysis showed that highest benefit cost (B:C) ratio was obtained when black rice was transplanted on 15th June along with application of pretilachlor @0.75 kg/ha at 3 DAT fb bispyribac-sodium @25 g/ha at 20 DAT and demonstrated to be the best treatment for profitable production of black rice under system of rice intensification.
Youth international volunteering in the context of social work
Authors:   Šiaulių valstybinė kolegija / Higher Education Institution, Lithuania, Paulauskytė Neringa , Povilaitienė Neringa ,   Šiaulių valstybinė kolegija / Higher Education Institution, Lithuania
Published: May 2024

The article analyzes the peculiarities of youth voluntary work when choosing and carrying out voluntary activities in foreign countries in the context of the field of social work. The sources of scientific information about the motivations for choosing volunteering, international volunteering activities and the social benefits created by volunteering have been examined. The internal and external motives that encourage volunteers to choose voluntary activities in foreign countries have been investigated, the social benefits of international volunteering have been clarified and the challenges of volunteers in international volunteering have been revealed. Research methods: a qualitative study was conducted in order to investigate youth international social work volunteering. Structured interview was used as a data collection method, qualitative content analysis method was used to process the research data. Research sample: 6 volunteers were interviewed during the research. Keywords: youth international volunteering, altruism, volunteering.
Shining a light on historical neonatal health
Authors:   Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, Staub Kaspar
Published: May 2024

The weight of a baby is an important indicator of their health, and may to an extent reflect the living standards of the mother and their own health during pregnancy. We spoke to Dr Kaspar Staub about his work in analysing detailed records from a Lausanne hospital over the period between 1905-25, aiming to gain deeper insights into the factors which affect neonatal health.
Fit for old age?
Authors:   University of Agder, Wheeldon Linda , Segaert Katrien ,   University of Birmingham
Published: May 2024

Many people experience some degree of decline in language processes as they grow older, limiting their ability to pursue their interests and reducing their quality of life. Evidence suggests that physical fitness and the ability to speak another language can help combat cognitive decline, a topic at the heart of Professor Linda Wheeldon and Dr. Katrien Segaert’s work in the FAB project.
Green simulations to bring down the cost of energy
Authors:   Billington Process Technology (BPT), Spilling Knut Erik
Published: May 2024

Many countries are exploring alternatives to fossil fuels as they look to develop more sustainable means of meeting the overall demand for energy. Effective and reliable simulations of green energy processes will have an important role to play in this transition and in reducing the overall cost of green energy, as Knut Erik Spilling of the GreenTwins project explains
Cryopreservation Practices: Transforming Temporal Horizons
Authors:   Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Lemke Thomas
Published: May 2024

Cryopreservation practices allow us to deep-freeze different types of organic material for potential future use, creating a liminal state between life and death. Professor Thomas Lemke and his team in the CRYOSOCIETIES project are investigating how this ‘suspended life’ is transforming temporal horizons and our understanding of health, fertility and biodiversity.
Rapid molecular testing for the diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia
Authors:   University of Bergen, Grewal Harleen ,   Haukeland University Hospital
Published: May 2024

Lower respiratory tract infections, including community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), are a leading cause of hospital admissions and mortality. Researchers in the NORCAP project have investigated whether comprehensive molecular testing can be used to improve the microbiological diagnosis of CAP and potentially improve clinical outcomes, as Professor Harleen Grewal explains.
Digging deep into the Christianisation of Egypt
Authors:   MF Norwegian School of Theology, Religion and Society., Ghica Victor
Published: May 2024

During the fourth century, Christianity went from being a prohibited faith group to the official religion of the Roman Empire, a shift which had colossal impacts on Egypt and the Empire as a whole. Researchers in the DEChriM project are investigating the factors behind Egypt’s Christianisation, building on recently uncovered archaeological records, as Professor Victor Ghica explains.
A peek beneath the surface of Arctic sea ice
Authors:   Norwegian Polar Institute, Granskog Mats , Müller Oliver ,   University of Bergen
Published: May 2024

Sea ice ridges account for a large proportion of the overall Arctic sea ice volume, yet more attention in research has historically been focused on the thinner level ice. We spoke to Dr Mats Granskog and Dr Oliver Müller about their work in analysing samples from sea ice ridges collected during the MOSAiC polar expedition, with the aim of gaining deeper insights into their role.
The moor the merrier: putting ocean energy on a sustainable footing
Authors:   University of Applied Sciences (HVL), Lande-Sudall David
Published: May 2024

The mooring system accounts for a significant proportion of the overall cost of offshore wind platforms. Researchers in the HYDROMORE project are developing high-fidelity models of ocean waves, which could lead to a shift in the design of mooring systems that will help reduce costs and encourage development in floating wind energy, as Dr David Lande-Sudall explains
Estágio supervisionado e esportes não convencionais: um estudo em escolas públicas de Macapá-AP, Brasil
Authors: Vieira Costa Alisson , Silva Dias Marcela Fabiani
Published: May 2024

O estágio supervisionado constitui-se em um espaço de aprendizagem da profissão docente e de construção da identidade profissional. Com isso, este estudo objetivou analisar as experiências de ensino docente no estágio supervisionado com a utilização dos esportes não convencionais como conteúdo nas aulas em escolas públicas na cidade de Macapá. Para tanto, realizou-se uma investigação do tipo estudo de caso com abordagem qualitativa de cunho exploratório e descritivo. A amostra do estudo se caracterizou como de acessibilidade e foi composta por seis docentes da disciplina Educação Física, sendo dois de cada uma das escolas selecionadas. Para a coleta das informações sobre a percepção dos docentes sobre as modalidades não convencionais, foi construído um questionário de cinco questões abertas cada uma delas versava sobre o conhecimento que os docentes possuíam a respeito das modalidades criadas no mundo e as modalidades criadas no Brasil. Os resultados indicaram que os participantes conhecem pouco sobre os esportes não convencionais; encontram dificuldades para inserir estes esportes nas aulas, pelos seguintes motivos: falta de materiais, espaço e estrutura; pouca aceitação pelos alunos e escassez de estudos científicos voltado para estes esportes. Assim, conclui-se que é importante trabalhar os esportes não convencionais nas aulas, uma vez que os mesmos podem enriquecer e diversificar os conteúdos e que o estágio supervisionado apresentou-se como um momento fundamental na troca de experiências para o aprendizado tanto dos acadêmicos, dos alunos das escolas e dos próprios professores.