bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extent, Nature, and Risk Factors of Workplace Violence in Public Tertiary Hospitals in China: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Liu He , Zhao Siqi , Jiao Mingli , Wang Jingtao , Peters David , Qiao Hong , Zhao Yuchong , Li Ye , Song Lei , Xing Kai , Lu Yan , Wu Qunhong
Published: June 2015

Using a cross-sectional survey design from 11 public tertiary hospitals (a specialist hospital, four Chinese medicine hospitals, and six general hospitals) in the urban areas of Heilongjiang, we determined the nature of workplace violence that medical staff have encountered in Chinese hospitals and identified factors associated with those experiences of violence. A total of 1129 health workers participated. The specialist hospital had the highest prevalence of physical violence (35.4%), while the general hospitals had the highest prevalence of non-physical violence (76%). Inexperienced medical staff (p < 0.001) were more likely to suffer non-physical violence than physical violence in Chinese medicine hospitals compared to experienced staff. Medical units (p = 0.001) had a high risk of non-physical violence, while surgical units (p = 0.005) had a high risk of physical violence. In general hospitals, staff with higher levels of anxiety about workplace violence were more vulnerable to both physical violence (1.67, 95% CI 1.36–2.10) and non-physical violence (1.309, 95% CI 1.136–1.508) compared to those with lower levels of anxiety, while rotating shift workers had a higher odds of physical violence (2.2, 95% CI 1.21–4.17) and non-physical violence (1.65, 95% CI 1.13–2.41) compared to fixed day shift workers. Thus, prevention should focus not only on high-risk sections of hospitals, but also on the nature of the hospital itself.
Cellular Energy Allocation to Assess the Impact of Nanomaterials on Soil Invertebrates (Enchytraeids): The Effect of Cu and Ag
Authors: Gomes Susana , Scott-Fordsmand Janeck , Amorim Mónica
Published: June 2015

The effects of several copper (Cu) and silver (Ag) nanomaterials were assessed using the cellular energy allocation (CEA), a methodology used to evaluate the energetic status and which relates with organisms’ overall condition and response to toxic stress. Enchytraeus crypticus (Oligochatea), was exposed to the reproduction effect concentrations EC20/50 of several Cu and Ag materials (CuNO3, Cu-Field, Cu-Nwires and Cu-NPs; AgNO3, Ag NM300K, Ag-NPs Non-coated and Ag-NPs PVP-coated) for 7 days (0-3-7d). The parameters measured were the total energy reserves available (protein, carbohydrate and lipid budgets) and the energy consumption (Ec) integrated to obtain the CEA. Results showed that these parameters allowed a clear discrimination between Cu and Ag, but less clearly within each of the various materials. For Cu there was an increase in Ec and protein budget, while for Ag a decrease was observed. The results corroborate known mechanisms, e.g., with Cu causing an increase in metabolic rate whereas Ag induces mitochondrial damage. The various Cu forms seem to activate different mechanisms with size and shape (e.g., Cu-NPs versus Cu-Nwires), causing clearly different effects. For Ag, results are in line with a slower oxidation rate of Ag-NMs in comparison with Ag-salt and hence delayed effects.
Comparison of Land, Water, and Energy Requirements of Lettuce Grown Using Hydroponic vs. Conventional Agricultural Methods
Authors: Barbosa Guilherme , Gadelha Francisca , Kublik Natalya , Proctor Alan , Reichelm Lucas , Weissinger Emily , Wohlleb Gregory , Halden Rolf
Published: June 2015

The land, water, and energy requirements of hydroponics were compared to those of conventional agriculture by example of lettuce production in Yuma, Arizona, USA. Data were obtained from crop budgets and governmental agricultural statistics, and contrasted with theoretical data for hydroponic lettuce production derived by using engineering equations populated with literature values. Yields of lettuce per greenhouse unit (815 m2) of 41 ± 6.1 kg/m2/y had water and energy demands of 20 ± 3.8 L/kg/y and 90,000 ± 11,000 kJ/kg/y (±standard deviation), respectively. In comparison, conventional production yielded 3.9 ± 0.21 kg/m2/y of produce, with water and energy demands of 250 ± 25 L/kg/y and 1100 ± 75 kJ/kg/y, respectively. Hydroponics offered 11 ± 1.7 times higher yields but required 82 ± 11 times more energy compared to conventionally produced lettuce. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first quantitative comparison of conventional and hydroponic produce production by example of lettuce grown in the southwestern United States. It identified energy availability as a major factor in assessing the sustainability of hydroponics, and it points to water-scarce settings offering an abundance of renewable energy (e.g., from solar, geothermal, or wind power) as particularly attractive regions for hydroponic agriculture.
Correction: Samochowiec, A., et al. Monoamine Oxidase A Promoter Variable Number of Tandem Repeats (MAOA-uVNTR) in Alcoholics According to Lesch Typology. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2015, 12, 3317–3326
Authors: Samochowiec Agnieszka , Chęć Magdalena , Kopaczewska Edyta , Samochowiec Jerzy , Lesch Otto , Grochans Elżbieta , Jasiewicz Andrzej , Bienkowski Przemyslaw , Kołodziej Łukasz , Grzywacz Anna
Published: June 2015

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [1]: [...]
Molecularly Imprinted Composite Membranes for Selective Detection of 2-Deoxyadenosine in Urine Samples
Authors: Scorrano Sonia , Mergola Lucia , Di Bello Maria , Lazzoi Maria , Vasapollo Giuseppe , Del Sole Roberta
Published: June 2015

An important challenge for scientific research is the production of artificial systems able to mimic the recognition mechanisms occurring at the molecular level in living systems. A valid contribution in this direction resulted from the development of molecular imprinting. In this work, a novel molecularly imprinted polymer composite membrane (MIM) was synthesized and employed for the selective detection in urine samples of 2-deoxyadenosine (2-dA), an important tumoral marker. By thermal polymerization, the 2-dA-MIM was cross-linked on the surface of a polyvinylidene-difluoride (PVDF) membrane. By characterization techniques, the linking of the imprinted polymer on the surface of the membrane was found. Batch-wise guest binding experiments confirmed the absorption capacity of the synthesized membrane towards the template molecule. Subsequently, a time-course of 2-dA retention on membrane was performed and the best minimum time (30 min) to bind the molecule was established. HPLC analysis was also performed to carry out a rapid detection of target molecule in urine sample with a recovery capacity of 85%. The experiments indicated that the MIM was highly selective and can be used for revealing the presence of 2-dA in urine samples.
Pharmacogenomics of Methotrexate Membrane Transport Pathway: Can Clinical Response to Methotrexate in Rheumatoid Arthritis Be Predicted?
Authors: Lima Aurea , Bernardes Miguel , Azevedo Rita , Medeiros Rui , Seabra Vítor
Published: June 2015

Background: Methotrexate (MTX) is widely used for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) could be used as predictors of patients’ therapeutic outcome variability. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the influence of SNPs in genes encoding for MTX membrane transport proteins in order to predict clinical response to MTX. Methods: Clinicopathological data from 233 RA patients treated with MTX were collected, clinical response defined, and patients genotyped for 23 SNPs. Genotype and haplotype analyses were performed using multivariate methods and a genetic risk index (GRI) for non-response was created. Results: Increased risk for non-response was associated to SLC22A11 rs11231809 T carriers; ABCC1 rs246240 G carriers; ABCC1 rs3784864 G carriers; CGG haplotype for ABCC1 rs35592, rs2074087 and rs3784864; and CGG haplotype for ABCC1 rs35592, rs246240 and rs3784864. GRI demonstrated that patients with Index 3 were 16-fold more likely to be non-responders than those with Index 1. Conclusions: This study revealed that SLC22A11 and ABCC1 may be important to identify those patients who will not benefit from MTX treatment, highlighting the relevance in translating these results to clinical practice. However, further validation by independent studies is needed to develop the field of personalized medicine to predict clinical response to MTX treatment.
Role of Interphase in the Mechanical Behavior of Silica/Epoxy Resin Nanocomposites
Authors: Hua Yi , Gu Linxia , Premaraj Sundaralingam , Zhang Xiaodong
Published: June 2015

A nanoscale representative volume element has been developed to investigate the effect of interphase geometry and property on the mechanical behavior of silica/epoxy resin nanocomposites. The role of interphase–matrix bonding was also examined. Results suggested that interphase modulus and interfacial bonding conditions had significant influence on the effective stiffness of nanocomposites, while its sensitivities with respect to both the thickness and the gradient property of the interphase was minimal. The stiffer interphase demonstrated a higher load-sharing capacity, which also increased the stress distribution uniformity within the resin nanocomposites. Under the condition of imperfect interfacial bonding, the effective stiffness of nanocomposites was much lower, which was in good agreement with the documented experimental observations. This work could shed some light on the design and manufacturing of resin nanocomposites.
The Schwartz Space: Tools for Quantum Mechanics and Infinite Dimensional Analysis
Authors: Becnel Jeremy , Sengupta Ambar
Published: June 2015

An account of the Schwartz space of rapidly decreasing functions as a topological vector space with additional special structures is presented in a manner that provides all the essential background ideas for some areas of quantum mechanics along with infinite-dimensional distribution theory.
Amino Acid-Derived Metabolites from the Ascidian Aplidium sp.
Authors: Won Tae , Kim Chang-Kwon , Lee So-Hyoung , Rho Boon , Lee Sang , Oh Dong-Chan , Oh Ki-Bong , Shin Jongheon
Published: June 2015

Four new iodobenzene-containing dipeptides (1–4), a related bromotryptophan-containing dipeptide (5), and an iodophenethylamine (6) were isolated from the ascidian Aplidium sp. collected off the coast of Chuja-do, Korea. The structures of these novel compounds, designated as apliamides A–E (1–5) and apliamine A (6) were determined via combined spectroscopic analyses. The absolute configuration of the amino acid residue in 1 was determined by advanced Marfey’s analysis. Several of these compounds exhibited moderate cytotoxicity and significant inhibition against Na+/K+-ATPase (4).
Hybrid Mesoporous Silicas and Microporous POSS-Based Frameworks Incorporating Evaporation-Induced Self-Assembly
Authors: Li Jheng-Guang , Chu Wei-Cheng , Kuo Shiao-Wei
Published: June 2015

We fabricated a series of mesoporous silicas and mesoporous organosilicates with hierarchical porosity through evaporation-induced self-assembly using Pluronic F127 as a template in this study. We could tailor the mesophase of each mesoporous silica sample by varying the weight ratio of its two silica sources: tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and triethoxysilane hydrosilylated octavinyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (OV-POSS-SILY). The mesophases ranged from an ordered body-centered cubic (bcc) structure (TEOS alone) to ordered face-centered cubic (fcc) structure (10 and 20 wt.% of OV-POSS-SILY) and finally to disordered spherical pores (≥30 wt.% of OV-POSS-SILY). We used small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to study the transformations of these mesophases, while N2 isotherm sorption curves revealed the porosities of these mesoporous silicate samples. Moreover, 29Si CP/MAS solid state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy allowed us to analyze the compositions of the POSS-containing silicate frameworks. Such functional mesoporous silica samples incorporating microporous POSS building units have potential applications in various systems, including optical and electronic devices.
Simulation of Smart Home Activity Datasets
Authors: Synnott Jonathan , Nugent Chris , Jeffers Paul
Published: June 2015

A globally ageing population is resulting in an increased prevalence of chronic conditions which affect older adults. Such conditions require long-term care and management to maximize quality of life, placing an increasing strain on healthcare resources. Intelligent environments such as smart homes facilitate long-term monitoring of activities in the home through the use of sensor technology. Access to sensor datasets is necessary for the development of novel activity monitoring and recognition approaches. Access to such datasets is limited due to issues such as sensor cost, availability and deployment time. The use of simulated environments and sensors may address these issues and facilitate the generation of comprehensive datasets. This paper provides a review of existing approaches for the generation of simulated smart home activity datasets, including model-based approaches and interactive approaches which implement virtual sensors, environments and avatars. The paper also provides recommendation for future work in intelligent environment simulation.
From Ambient Sensing to IoT-based Context Computing: An Open Framework for End to End QoC Management
Authors: Marie Pierrick , Desprats Thierry , Chabridon Sophie , Sibilla Michelle , Taconet Chantal
Published: June 2015

Quality of Context (QoC) awareness is recognized as a key point for the success of context-aware computing. At the time where the combination of the Internet of Things, Cloud Computing, and Ambient Intelligence paradigms offer together new opportunities for managing richer context data, the next generation of Distributed Context Managers (DCM) is facing new challenges concerning QoC management. This paper presents our model-driven QoCIM framework. QoCIM is the acronym for Quality of Context Information Model. We show how it can help application developers to manage the whole QoC life-cycle by providing genericity, openness and uniformity. Its usages are illustrated, both at design time and at runtime, in the case of an urban pollution context- and QoC-aware scenario.
Fair Trade Metaphor as a Control Privacy Method for Pervasive Environments: Concepts and Evaluation
Authors: Esquivel Abraham , Haya Pablo , Alamán Xavier
Published: June 2015

This paper presents a proof of concept from which the metaphor of “fair trade” is validated as an alternative to manage the private information of users. Our privacy solution deals with user’s privacy as a tradable good for obtaining environmental services. Thus, users gain access to more valuable services as they share more personal information. This strategy, combined with optimistic access control and transaction registry mechanisms, enhances users’ confidence in the system while encouraging them to share their information, with the consequent benefit for the community. The study results are promising considering the user responses regarding the usefulness, ease of use, information classification and perception of control with the mechanisms proposed by the metaphor.
Important Role of the IL-32 Inflammatory Network in the Host Response against Viral Infection
Authors: Zhou Yaqin , Zhu Ying
Published: June 2015

The pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-32 has gained much attention recently because of its important role in the inflammatory network. Since the discovery of IL-32 in 2005, our appreciation for its diverse roles continues to grow. Recent studies have discovered the antiviral effects induced by IL-32 and its associated regulatory mechanisms. The interactions between IL-32 and various cytokines including cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interferon (IFN)-λ1, interleukin (IL)-6, and soluble IL-6 receptor have been described. This review aims to integrate these new findings into explicit concepts and raises the intriguing possibility of IL-32 as a therapeutic target.
Welfare Effects of Water Variability in Agriculture. Insights from a Multimarket Model
Authors: Ponce Roberto , Blanco María , Giupponi Carlo
Published: June 2015

The purpose of this research is to assess the welfare effects of climate change on the Chilean agricultural sector, with special focus on changes in water availability. The productive impacts of climate change on the agricultural sector are well analyzed at both a global and national level. There is, however, a lack of evidence about the aggregated impacts, considering both demand and supply. This study tries to fill this gap by using a multimarket model, specifically designed for the Chilean agricultural sector. According to our results, changes in water availability will have modest welfare impacts, with an average decrease of total surplus of 4.3%, minor price changes (around −1%), and no significant impacts on total agricultural land. Despite the small aggregated effects, it is expected that climate change will have uneven consequences across regions and activities. For instance, even though the southern zone (zone 3) shows the smallest income changes −14% (average), the impacts within the zone range from 1% to 52% decrease in agricultural net income. This situation suggests large distributional consequences of climate change for the Chilean agricultural sector.
Les changements climatiques et leurs conséquences sur le milieu lors du dernier Glaciaire dans le Massif Central (Climatic changes and their environmental consequences during the last glaciation in the Massif Central)
Authors: Van Vliet-Lanoë Brigitte
Published: June 2015

Résumé. - L'évolution du Massif Central pendant la dernière glaciation est cohérente avec celle de l'ensemble de l'Europe de l'Ouest, même si les éléments diagnostiques sont mal conservés. De par son altitude, ce massif a subi très tôt l'emprise du pergélisol et des glaciations locales à l'instar du massif vosgien. L'héritage périglaciaire qui en découle, quoique fortement perturbé par les actions anthropiques, a contribué largement au modelé des terroirs.
Couverts forestiers et enfrichement en Auvergne. L'apport de la téléanalyse (Forest canopies and fallow lands in Auvergne)
Authors: Hotyat Micheline , Veyret Yvette
Published: June 2015

Résumé. - L'examen de l'image satellitaire LANDSAT TM de septembre 1987 permet de distinguer divers types de couverts végétaux et d'opposer les secteurs forestiers, les zones cultivées et les domaines en friche (landes). La composition de la forêt (feuillus et résineux) peut être envisagée, ainsi que sa structure (taille et âge des arbres). Les friches occupent une grande place, en Artense et Livradois. La photographie aérienne a permis de sélectionner un secteur-test du Livradois et d'étudier ses caractéristiques en 1987. Une comparaison avec la situation de 1948 montre l'extension des landes. La méthode appliquée en Artense permet de préciser la dynamique des espaces agricoles abandonnés.
Systèmes agraires et dynamique végétale dans les Monts Dôme (Land use and vegetation in the Monts Dôme, Auvergne)
Authors: Michelin Yves
Published: June 2015

Abstract. - Near Clermont-Ferrand, the so called Chaîne des Puys is covered by a vegetation and shows landscapes which look but are not natural. The area has been grazed by sheep belonging to rural communities and integrated in a low level polycultural system. To day, it is neglected by local farmers. The lack of a sufficient pressure of grazing has had a destabilizing effect for the vegetation which follows a spontaneous development. If nothing is done within the next years, the forest will cover almost the whole area. A political intervention, with financial and material means, permitting a moderate grazing, could contribute to the conservation of an open landscape, in order to develop tourism.
Les unités morphologiques du mont Lozère (Geomorphic units of mont Lozère, Massif Central)
Authors: Valadas Bernard , Bernard-Allée Philippe
Published: June 2015

Résumé. - Proposition pour un découpage de l'espace en moyenne montagne granitique. On tente d'y dégager les principes de découpage et de lecture d'un espace afin d'identifier des unités physiques homologues et de chercher la logique de leur distribution. Les clés de lecture prennent en compte les facteurs morphologiques, ceux liés aux biogéodynamiques actuelles et les facteurs anthropiques. Le Lozère est décrit à partir de 4 unités morphologiques de base (fig. 2). La méthode permet de comprendre le fonctionnement d'un milieu dans ses aspects morphologiques, pédologiques, hydrologiques et fournit des taxons pour une cartographie d'échelle moyenne.
Introduction. Caractères généraux (A general view)
Authors: Battiau-Queney Yvonne
Published: June 2015

Résumé. - Les marges passives sont des marges continentales qui ne coïncident pas avec une limite de plaque. Elles présentent 3 types de dispositifs topographiques et structuraux : bourrelets marginaux tombant directement dans la mer ou tronqués par un « Grand Escarpement», plaine côtière bordant des plateaux peu élevés, blocs et bassins imbriqués. Ces marges sont caractérisées par une tectonique verticale en liaison avec la tectonique des plaques. Les héritages inscrits dans la croûte continentale contribuent à leur diversité.
L'évolution morphologique d'une marge fragmentée : la bordure écossaise (The morphological evolution of the Scottish continental margin)
Authors: Le Cœur Charles
Published: June 2015

Résumé. - La marge continentale écossaise porte des dépôts tertiaires réduits qui contrastent avec les accumulations sédimentaires de la mer du Nord. Ces témoins sédimentaires ne peuvent être directement corrélés à l'évolution continentale, car les volumes déposés sont sans commune mesure avec les tranches d'ablation estimées sur les reliefs ; ils traduisent moins les variations de rythme du soulèvement que le style de déformation d'une marge fragmentée. La division du socle en blocs obliques par rapport à la bordure continentale est à l'origine de mouvements différentiels entre la partie externe de la marge, plus stable, et le bloc des Highlands, isolant la zone subsidente de la mer du Nord.
Périurbanisation et planification spatiale. Le cas de la Seine-et-Marne (Periurbanization and regional planning in Seine-et-Marne)
Authors: Steinberg Jean
Published: June 2015

Résumé. - La Seine-et-Marne est le département qui a connu la plus forte croissance démographique depuis quinze ans. Cela se manifeste par le développement de deux villes nouvelles, Marne-la-Vallée et Melun-Sénart, et la poursuite du mouvement de périurbanisation qui s'étale sur la majeure partie du département. Est-il pris en compte par la planification régionale ? D'après le Livre Blanc, et les projets du Conseil Régional d'Ile-de-France, il existe une incertitude ; l'accent est davantage mis sur les axes d'urbanisation existants ou préfigurés (les villes nouvelles et le secteur de l'aéroport de Roissy). Avec l'option de renforcement des zones centrales métropolitaines, ne néglige-t-on pas le sort des périphéries éloignées ?
La géo-cindynique, géo-science du risque (Geo-cindynics, a science of risk management)
Authors: Faugères Lucien
Published: June 2015

Abstract. - The science of risk management, dealing with the mitigation of risks of all nature, has been given the name of Cindynics by a recent assembly of specialists (AC ADI, UNESCOJ 1987). As partners in the research field of cindynics, french geographers make an attempt to specify their own capacities, which are mainly focussed on risk generation by natural processes, and their possible cooperation with close sciences, when natural risks are interacting with social organisation and activities. It is proposed to identify the topics as geocindynics, to outline the fact that physical geography should be fully involved in the growing scientific mobilization on risk problems, due to its valuable global and interdisciplinary approach.
Utility of PET/CT in the diagnosis of recurrent ovarian cancer depending on CA 125 serum level
Authors: Fularz M. , Adamiak P. , Czepczynski R. , Jarzabek-Bielecka G. , Rewers A. , Kędzia W. , Ruchała M.
Published: June 2015

The aim of this study was to estimate the diagnostic value of common application of CA 125 level measurement and 18F-FDG PET/CT examination in patients with a suspicion of recurrent ovarian cancer. Patients, methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on a group of 68 patients aged 31–77 (average 57.7) with a suspicion of relapsing ovarian cancer who had CA 125 serum level measurement and PET/CT examination done with a maximum interval of 60 days. Results: PET/CT examination result was positive in 33 patients (48.5%) and negative in 35 (51.5%). Level of CA 125 was significantly higher in women with a positive PET/ CT result than in patients with a negative one (average 199.9 U/ml and 15.7 U/ml, respectively, p < 0.001). Nevertheless, comparison of CA 125 level in groups defined according to the localization of the relapse showed no significant differences. Moreover, the ROC analysis revealed that the optimal cut-off point of CA 125 concentration to predict positive PET/CT result was 17.6 U/ml. Area under the curve was 0.91. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in prognosticating positive PET/CT result for the selected cut-off point of 17.6 U/ml were 90.9%, 80.0% and 85.3%, respectively. Conclusion: CA 125 level does not depend on the localization of the recurrence. PET/CT is particularly useful in patients with a suspicion of relapsing ovarian cancer with CA 125 value of at least 17.6 U/ml.
Developmental morphology of flattened shoots in Dalzellia ubonensis and Indodalzellia gracilis with implications for the evolution of diversified shoot morphologies in the subfamily Tristichoideae (Podostemaceae)
Authors: Fujinami Rieko , Imaichi Ryoko
Published: June 2015

• Premise of the study: Podostemaceae is a unique family of aquatic angiosperms that grow in swift‐running water on rock surfaces in the tropics. Their plant bodies show a remarkable adaptation: the main plant body is mostly creeping or flattened, or in extreme cases foliose, functioning as an adhering and photosynthetic organ. In the subfamily Podostemoideae, the root is foliose, whereas in the subfamily Tristichoideae, the shoot is foliose. An evolutionary scenario for the foliose root has already been proposed, but that for the foliose shoot remains to be addressed.

• Methods: Shoots of Indodalzellia gracilis and Dalzellia ubonensis (subfamily Tristichoideae) were observed using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Gene expression patterns of orthologs of marker genes for the shoot apical meristem, i.e., SHOOT MERISTEMLESS and WUSCHEL, in D. ubonensis were analyzed.

• Key results: When very young, the phyllotaxis is tristichous in both genera: a set of one dorsal and two marginal leaves forms. When the shoot branches, extra‐axillary buds of two subsequent marginal leaves form as new (lateral) shoots, and the original shoot stops growing; this growth pattern is called sympodial branching. Due to zonal growth in the common zone just below the original and lateral shoot apices, flattened or foliose shoots result. The expression patterns of DuSTM and DuWUS in the shoot apices of Dalzellia were similar to those published for Terniopsis.

• Conclusions: The foliose shoots of Indodalzellia and Dalzellia evolved as a result of congenital fusion among several original and lateral branches, each of which grows separately in other Tristichoideae.
Increased Occurrence of Mutant rtI233V of HBV in Patients Receiving Adefovir Therapy
Authors: Liu Yan , Xin Shaojie , Ye Xiaoling , Chen Rongjuan , Xu Zhihui , Li Xiaodong , Ye Haiyan , Cheng Shuquan , Xu Dongping
Published: June 2015

Background

The study aimed to clarify whether the rtI233V substitution affects adefovir (ADV) resistance.

Methods

A total of 18,419 patients from Beijing 302 Hospital were investigated. HBV complete reverse transcriptase region of the polymerase was screened by direct sequencing and verified by clonal sequencing if necessary. Replication-competent wild-type and mutant HBV genomic amplicons were transfected into HepG2 cells for phenotypic analysis of viral replication capacity and drug susceptibility.

Results

The rtI233V substitution was detected in 38/5,344 (0.71%) ADV-treated patients and in 8/13,075 patients without receiving ADV ( P<0.001). Eight patients with rtI233V ± rtA181V/rtN236T had virological breakthrough in the clinical course of ADV treatment. Phenotypic analysis showed that rtI233V mutants from patient 1 and patient 2 exhibited 1.57-fold and 1.51-fold decreased susceptibility to ADV, respectively, compared to wild-type virus; by contrast, rtN236T and rtI233V+N236T mutants from patient 1 had 6.82-fold and 5.28-fold decreased susceptibility to ADV. rtI233V, rtN236T and rtI233V+N236T mutants had 97.5%, 30.2% and 69.7% of replication capacity compared to wild-type virus in the absence of antivirals and all remained susceptible to lamivudine, entecavir and tenofovir. Viral replication capacity correspondingly decreased after eliminating rtI233V from rtI233V+N236T mutant and was restored after introducing rtI233V into rtN236T mutant. In clinical practice, switching to entecavir rescue therapy suppressed HBV DNA to an undetectable level for both patients.

Conclusions

rtI233V usually emerged in ADV-treated patients with little impact on ADV susceptibility but it effectively restored replication capacity of the rtN236T mutant, suggesting that rtI233V may partly serve as a compensatory mutation associated with ADV resistance.
Genetic Factors for the Severity of ACPA-negative Rheumatoid Arthritis in 2 Cohorts of Early Disease: A Genome-wide Study
Authors: de Rooy Diederik P.C. , Tsonaka Roula , Andersson Maria L.E. , Forslind Kristina , Zhernakova Alexandra , Frank-Bertoncelj Mojca , de Kovel Caroline G.F. , Koeleman Bobby P.C. , van der Heijde Désirée M.F.M. , Huizinga Tom W.J. , Toes René E.M. , Houwing-Duistermaat Jeanine J. , Ospelt Caroline , Svensson Björn , van der Helm-van Mil Annette H.M.
Published: June 2015

Objective.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that is negative for anticitrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) is a subentity of RA, characterized by less severe disease. At the individual level, however, considerable differences in the severity of joint destruction occur. We performed a study on genetic factors underlying the differences in joint destruction in ACPA-negative patients.

Methods.

A genome-wide association study was done with 262 ACPA-negative patients with early RA included in the Leiden Early Arthritis Clinic and related to radiographic joint destruction over 7 years. Significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were evaluated for association with progression of radiographic joint destruction in 253 ACPA-negative patients with early RA included in the Better Anti-Rheumatic Farmaco Therapy (BARFOT) study. According to the Bonferroni correction of the number of tested SNP, the threshold for significance was p < 2 × 10−7 in phase 1 and 0.0045 in phase 2. In both cohorts, joint destruction was measured by Sharp/van der Heijde method with good reproducibility.

Results.

Thirty-three SNP associated with severity of joint destruction (p < 2 × 10−7) in phase 1. In phase 2, rs2833522 (p = 0.0049) showed borderline significance. A combined analysis of both the Leiden and BARFOT datasets of rs2833522 confirmed this association with joint destruction (p = 3.57 × 10−9); the minor allele (A) associated with more severe damage (for instance, after 7 yrs followup, patients carrying AA had 1.22 times more joint damage compared to patients carrying AG and 1.50 times more joint damage than patients carrying GG). In silico analysis using the ENCODE and Ensembl databases showed presence of H3K4me3 histone mark, transcription factors, and long noncoding RNA in the region of rs2833522, an intergenic SNP located between HUNK and SCAF4.

Conclusion.

Rs2833522 might be associated with the severity of joint destruction in ACPA-negative RA.
Sensitivity and Reproducibility of Ultrasonography in Calcium Pyrophosphate Crystal Deposition in Knee Cartilage: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ottaviani Sébastien , Juge Pierre-Antoine , Aubrun Aurore , Palazzo Elisabeth , Dieudé Philippe
Published: June 2015

Objective.

To compare the ability to detect calcium pyrophosphate (CPP) crystals deposition (CPPD) in knee cartilage by ultrasonography (US) and radiography.

Methods.

Patients with knee effusion were consecutively included and underwent radiography and US evaluation of knees. Diagnosis of CPPD was made by the identification of CPP crystals. Two blinded rheumatologists performed US assessment.

Results.

We included 51 patients (25 with CPPD). US revealed hyperechoic spots in all 25 patients with CPPD (sensitivity 100%, specificity 92.3%), whereas radiography revealed CPPD in 16 (sensitivity 64%, specificity 100%; p < 0.0001).

Conclusion.

US of knees is more sensitive than radiography for CPPD diagnosis.
Predictors of Clinical Remission under Anti-tumor Necrosis Factor Treatment in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis: Pooled Analysis from Large Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Baraliakos Xenofon , Koenig Andrew S. , Jones Heather , Szumski Annette , Collier David , Bananis Eustratios
Published: June 2015

Objective.

Investigate the role and relation of disease duration of different factors for achieving clinical remission with anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) treatment in patients with active ankylosing spondylitis (AS).

Methods.

Data pooled from 4 large (n = 1281) clinical trials were used to compare disease duration subgroups for placebo or sulfasalazine (SSZ) versus etanercept (ETN), which, in turn, were analyzed by age of diagnosis ≤ 40 versus > 40 years, HLA-B27 status, and baseline C-reactive protein (CRP) ≤ upper limit of normal (ULN) versus > ULN using chi-square tests, and ANCOVA. The primary efficacy measure was Assessments of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) partial remission (PR) after 12 weeks of treatment. Also analyzed were Bath AS Disease Activity Index and Functional Index, AS Disease Activity Scores, and ASAS response rates.

Results.

Overall, a larger percentage of patients achieved ASAS-PR with ETN versus SSZ or placebo. More patients with ≤ 2-year disease duration treated with ETN experienced partial remission (34%) versus longer disease duration (30%, 27%, and 22% for > 2–5, > 5–10, and > 10 yrs, respectively; all p < 0.05). In the subgroup of patients with both disease duration ≤ 2 years and aged ≤ 40 years at diagnosis, the treatment response was even more pronounced. Similar results were seen in HLA-B27–positive patients in the disease duration ≤ 2-year subgroup. Overall, patients with high CRP at baseline had better treatment responses compared with patients with normal CRP.

Conclusion.

Treatment response under anti-TNF treatment with ETN at 12 weeks was greatest among patients with disease duration ≤ 2 years and even more pronounced in subgroups of patients ≤ 40 years old or HLA-B27–positive at diagnosis.
The Use of Polysymptomatic Distress Categories in the Evaluation of Fibromyalgia (FM) and FM Severity
Authors: Wolfe Frederick , Walitt Brian T. , Rasker Johannes J. , Katz Robert S. , Häuser Winfried
Published: June 2015

Objective.

The polysymptomatic distress (PSD) scale is derived from variables used in the 2010 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) fibromyalgia (FM) criteria modified for survey and clinical research. The scale is useful in measuring the effect of PSD over the full range of pain-related clinical symptoms, not just in those who are FM criteria-positive. However, no PSD scale categories have been defined to distinguish severity of illness in FM or in those who do not satisfy the FM criteria. We analyzed the scale and multiple covariates to develop clinical categories and to further validate the scale.

Methods.

FM was diagnosed according to the research criteria modification of the 2010 ACR FM criteria. We investigated categories in a large database of patients with pain (2732 with rheumatoid arthritis) and developed categories by using germane clinic variables that had been previously studied for severity groupings. By definition, FM cannot be diagnosed unless PSD is at least 12.

Results.

Based on population categories, regression analysis, and inspections of curvilinear relationships, we established PSD severity categories of none (0–3), mild (4–7), moderate (8–11), severe (12–19), and very severe (20–31). Categories were statistically distinct, and a generally linear relationship between PSD categories and covariate severity was noted.

Conclusion.

PSD categories are clinically relevant and demonstrate FM type symptoms over the full range of clinical illness. Although FM criteria can be clinically useful, there is no clear-cut symptom distinction between FM (+) and FM (−), and PSD categories can aid in more effectively classifying patients.
Effect of Urate-lowering Therapy on the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and All-cause Mortality in Patients with Gout: A Case-matched Cohort Study
Authors: Chen Jiunn-Horng , Lan Joung-Liang , Cheng Chi-Fung , Liang Wen-Miin , Lin Hsiao-Yi , Tsay Gregory J. , Yeh Wen-Ting , Pan Wen-Harn
Published: June 2015

Objective.

To examine (1) the risk of death from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and from all causes in patients with gout who do not undergo urate-lowering therapy (ULT), and (2) the effect of ULT on mortality risk in patients with gout.

Methods.

In this prospective case-matched cohort study, 40,623 Taiwanese individuals aged ≥ 17 years were followed for 6.5 years. Mortality rate was compared between 1189 patients with gout who did not receive ULT and reference subjects (no gout, no ULT) matched for age, sex, and the index date of gout diagnosis (1:3 patients with gout/reference subjects), and between 764 patients with gout who received ULT and 764 patients with gout who did not receive ULT matched 1-to-1 based on their propensity score and the index date of ULT prescription. Cox proportional hazard modeling was used to estimate the respective risk of CVD (International Classification of Diseases, 9th ed. code 390–459) and all-cause mortality.

Results.

After adjustment, patients with gout not treated with ULT had an increased risk of CVD mortality (HR 2.43, 95% CI 1.33–4.45) and all-cause mortality (1.45, 1.05–2.00) relative to the matched reference subjects (no gout, no ULT). Patients with gout treated with ULT had a lower risk of CVD (0.29, 0.11–0.80) and all-cause mortality (0.47, 0.29–0.79) relative to patients with gout not treated with ULT. This survival benefit persisted for users of either allopurinol or benzbromarone.

Conclusion.

Patients with gout who received ULT had significantly better survival rates than those who did not. Thus, undertreatment of gout has serious negative consequences.
L’islamisme en terre d’islam majoritaire
Authors: Seniguer Haouès
Published: June 2015

Les échecs subis en 2014 par l’islamisme dans l’aire arabo-musulmane annoncent-ils son déclin et l’autonomisation du politique à l’égard des autorités religieuses ? Ou masquent-ils la réalité de sociétés dans lesquelles l’autonomie du politique, qui suppose l’État de droit, en est encore à son début ? Selon l’auteur, sans tomber dans le piège du culturalisme, il faut revenir à l’imbrication du religieux et du politique dans les sociétés musulmanes pour comprendre l’assise sociale de l’islamisme, sa longévité et sa force de pénétration.
À quoi ça sert si on ne peut pas s’amuser ?
Authors: Graeber David , Bautzer Arthur
Published: June 2015

L’existence du jeu dans le monde animal est considérée comme une sorte de scandale intellectuel et, plus généralement, l’idée même d’une liberté, d’une liberté ludique, celle par exemple du fameux « électron libre », au sein du monde naturel. Or pourquoi l’existence d’actions entreprises pour le pur plaisir d’agir nous surprend-elle autant ? N’y a-t-il pas là une sorte d’énigme qui en dit-il long sur nous-mêmes ? N’est-il alors pas plus réaliste, et plus amusant, comme nous y invite cet article, de considérer qu’il y a un principe de jeu à la base de toute la réalité physique ?
League of Legends , le triomphe planétaire d’un jeu vidéo
Authors: Prom Emmanuel
Published: June 2015

S’il existe bien un thème qui pousse la société à se questionner sur la place du jeu au xxi e siècle, c’est avant tout le jeu vidéo, plus particulièrement sa légitimité à être pratiqué autrement que comme un loisir pour adolescent introverti. Le succès du jeu vidéo League of Legends est indéniablement représentatif de ce questionnement. Ce jeu, pensé par des joueurs, pour des joueurs et avec les ambitions de rendre le médium populaire au sens littéral du terme, a réussi ce qu’aucun autre jeu n’a atteint : mettre en avant l’humain. À travers cet univers virtuel, le défi était de convaincre non pas les joueurs de jouer mais les non-joueurs de regarder. Les moyens innovants mis en place pour renouveler les compétitions de ce jeu ont transformé le simple programme informatique en phénomène de société. Ainsi, le jeu est devenu spectacle et le spectacle s’est mué en sport. Cristallisant, par cette occasion, l’attention du public non pas sur le sportif professionnel mais sur le joueur.
Jouer/donner/s’adonner
Authors: Caillé Alain
Published: June 2015

Jeu comme don ne prennent valeur et sens que de leur écart à la réalité matérielle, utilitariste et fonctionnelle. Les deux instaurent avec l’autre une relation de réversibilité et d’amitié à travers la rivalité. Enfin, le jeu comme le don mettent en scène au plus haut point une marge de liberté parce que le résultat en est indéterminé et inconnu. L’un comme l’autre sont de l’ordre du risque et du pari. Mais on n’est susceptible d’être « pris » par le don ou par le jeu, de s’y adonner, que parce qu’il y a un au-delà du don et du jeu qui est de l’ordre de ce que la tradition phénoménologique allemande appelle la donation, la Gegebenheit , le fait que tout un ensemble de choses parmi les plus précieuses (à commencer par la vie même, par la nature, l’air, etc.) nous sont comme données. C’est aussi pour participer de ce domaine de la donation et de la grâce, même fugacement pour l’entr’apercevoir, que l’on se donne et que l’on joue. Que l’on s’adonne.
Don et pacte social dans l’œuvre de Jean-Jacques Rousseau (I)
Authors: Corbin Stéphane
Published: June 2015

Selon la vulgate, Rousseau, parce qu’il estimait que la société était nécessairement corrompue, prônait le retour à l’état de nature par un exil qui offrait la possibilité d’une coïncidence avec soi-même. À rebours de cette vulgate, l’analyse du don, thème récurrent dans toute l’œuvre de Rousseau, montre que l’exigence de séparation d’avec soi-même constitue la condition fondamentale d’un pacte social légitime. Si l’on suit Rousseau à travers les développements de cette exigence ontologique de séparation, on remarquera à quel point la question du don constitue une clé d’interprétation qui permet d’appréhender la complexité de sa théorie de la légitimation.
Préface à L’Imposture économique de Steve Keen
Authors: Giraud Gaël
Published: June 2015

Une critique en règle de la science économique, à partir du livre de Steve Keen. Curieuse science que cette « science » qui « refuse d'admettre ses erreurs, sinon sur un mode strictement rhétorique. Et la crise des subprimes n’y a rien changé ». C’est que la force de l’institution académique est si grande que la majorité de la profession ignore même qu’il y a un problème dans la théorie. Rien dans la profession n’incite à prendre du recul et à risquer un regard critique. Steve Keen est l’un de ces économistes rares qui osent prendre un tel risque.
La preparación de las muestras para análisis por rayos X. II. Difracción
Authors: Triviño Vázquez F. , Sagrera Moreno J. L. , Calleja Carrete J.
Published: June 2015

Not available
Nuevo método de análisis de compactación de suelos
Authors: Giuliani Francisco , Suárez Robledo Raúl , Puebla Juan Ramón
Published: June 2015

Not available
Método complexométrico para el análisis rápido del cemento portland
Authors: Calleja J. , Fernández París J. M. , Triviño F.
Published: June 2015

Not available
Sobre la influencia del tamaño de grano de la caliza en la formación de los minerales del clínker
Authors: Lehmano Hans , Thormann Peter
Published: June 2015

Not available
Determinación del título calcimétrico en los crudos de cemento en función del valor del módulo hidráulico
Authors: Bucchi Renato
Published: June 2015

Not available
Estudio de los intercambiadores de cadenas utilizados en la abricación de cemento por vía húmeda
Authors: Papadakis M. , Bombled J. P.
Published: June 2015

Not available
Protección del hormigón en las aguas agresivas. Principios y procedimientos
Authors: Bonzel J.
Published: June 2015

Not available
Calcinación técnica racional del yeso en el año 1964
Authors: Eipeltaner E.
Published: June 2015

Not available
Las propiedades de los yesos de moldeo y enlucidos y sus ensayos
Authors: Albrecht W.
Published: June 2015

Not available
El empleo del yeso en Gran Bretaña
Authors: Foster N.
Published: June 2015

Not available
Enlucidos y revestimientos en la lucha contra los incendios (El yeso)
Authors: Gibaru J. Gibaru
Published: June 2015

Not available
Determinación de sílice libre en materias primas para la industria del cemento
Authors: Calleja J. , Bacle B.
Published: June 2015

Not available
Corrosion Rate of Steel in Fly Ash Concrete Containing Chlorides
Authors: Miyata Keiji , Ueda Takao , Tsukagoshi Masayuki
Published: June 2015

In order to consider the durability of fly ash concrete against the chloride attack, quantitative evaluation of rebar corrosion rate in concrete is necessary. In this study, reinforced concrete specimens containing premixed chlorides were prepared, using concrete with cement or fine aggregate partly substituted by fly-ash. The corrosion rate of rebar embedded in the specimen was evaluated by measuring the polarization resistance which is an electrochemical corrosion index and one of the non-destructive techniques. As a result, the corrosion rate of rebar was greatly suppressed by admixing fly-ash at the environmental temperature of 20 degrees Celsius, while such suppression effect decreased with the rise of temperature to 40 degrees Celsius. The suppression effect was remarkable in the case of fly ash addition as the substitution of fine aggregate. Moreover, in the experimental conditions of this study, the influence of a variation of the chloride content in concrete on the corrosion rate of steel in concrete was not so significant. The influence of environmental temperature on the corrosion rate could be evaluated by an existing formula in the case of non-fly ash concrete, but the error became relatively high in the cases of fly ash concrete.
A Study on Laser Weldability of Al-Si Coated Boron Steel According to Hot-Stamping Heat Treatment
Authors: Kim Jong Do , Choi So Young , Song Moo Keun
Published: June 2015

Numerous studies recently have been conducted to reduce the weight of finished products and increase their fuel efficiency by using hot-stamping processes in the transport industry. Hot-stamping is a method where boron steel is formed and cooled in a press die directly after it is heated to a temperature of 900 °C or higher to obtain a material with a high-strength of 1,500 MPa or more. It is advantageous in that a high level of quality can be ensured because the spring-back phenomenon, a problem associated with high-strength steel materials, can be overcome while the degree of dimensional precision is improved by 90 % or more due to the good formability compared with existing types of steel. In this study, specimens were welded with a laser before and after the hot-stamping process of boron steel, welding characteristics according to heat treatment were elucidated, and mechanical properties were compared. Also, the effect of laser welding on flow from the Al-Si coating layer into the weld was investigated through an analysis of microstructure. The obtained results indicated that, in the case of the boron steel, hardness increased rapidly at the weld. For the hot-stamped steel, there was a sharp reduction of the hardness by tempering in the HAZ. It was found that the Al-Si coating layer flowed into the weld and was segregated when welding was carried out. This resulted in reduced hardness of the weld.