bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Precision medicine in childhood obesities
Authors: Martos-Moreno G. A. , Argente J.
Published: February 2022

Obesity is currently one of the most common consultations in pediatrics due to its high prevalence rate in our environment. Even though an impaired balance between caloric intake and energy expenditure underlies the excessive accumulation of adipose tissue in most cases of childhood and adolescent obesity, there is a high interindividual variability in the susceptibility to develop obesity, which is based largely on each person’s singular genetic background. Advances in our understanding of the latter arise from the progressive unravelling of the pathophysiological bases of the mechanisms involved in the control of appetite, satiety, and energy expenditure. An important body of evidence in this field has derived from the study of an increasing number of cases of obesity with proven genetic (either syndromic or not), endocrinological or secondary etiology. Consequently, we now need to speak in term of «childhood obesities» when referring to the common phenotypic trait of excessive adipose tissue accumulation as the underlying pathophysiological bases are widely different between subjects; thus, individualized diagnostic and management approaches both, for obesity itself as for its associated comorbidities are required. Furthermore, the advances made in identifying patients with monogenic diseases cosegregating with the phenotype of obesity have considerably increased the modern pathophysiological bases of obesity. Therefore, it is imperative to individualize the diagnostic strategy, thus leading to a relevant change in the therapeutic approach. In fact, the results obtained by using the analog of melanocortin, setmelanotide, in patients with POMC (proopiomelanocortin), LEPR (leptin receptor) and PCSK1 (proprotein concertase subtilisin-kexin type 1) deficiency, and more recently studies of the structure and architecture of the MC4R (melanocortin receptor number 4), may allow a more precise analysis of the effects of the loss-of-function mutations in MC4R associated to obesity, as well as structural prediction of their responsiveness to setmelanotide, leading to a personalized therapy based on precision medicine.
Fundamentos biológicos y filosóficos evolutivos de la carcinogénesis en la evolución humana
Authors: Arroyo Pastor Beatriz
Published: February 2022

Se realiza un planteamiento, desde el punto de vista biológico y filosófico evolucionista, sobre  los mecanismos oncogénicos  y su posible interpretación como un fenómeno adaptativo en la homeostasis celular, el sentido epistemológico de la complejidad de las interacciones entre los genes alterados, papel en la herencia y participación de sustancias mutagénicas como factores de riesgo. Todo ello dentro del marco de la Teoría de la Evolución.

El interés por descifrar los mecanismos que subyacen en la mutagénesis  no está exento de implicaciones ontológicas. Errores en la evolución pueden, igualmente, derivar en consecuencias positivas, dando lugar a modificaciones tan importantes como generar órganos en los vertebrados[1]. La aparición de los tumores no deja de ser  una consecuencia evolutiva  derivada de la ventaja, por otra parte, del salto de  los primeros eucariotas unicelulares (2000 M.a.) a los organismos pluricelulares (800 M.a.).

El surgimiento de mutaciones genéticas obliga a plantearse el concepto de progreso evolutivo, siendo la mejora o el perfeccionamiento una de las premisas del mismo. Quizás sea necesario revisar la epistemología de la Teoría de la Evolución en un contexto donde  la supervivencia  no tenga el mismo significado, según sea referido a la especie o al nivel celular, con un único fin: la supervivencia.
The Questions of Piracy in the Light of International Law and the Responsibility of a Failed State
Authors: Harkai István
Published: February 2022

These days, one of the most significant issue is maritime piracy and armed robbery; it poses a high threat against international peace and security. These crimes can occur anywhere on the high seas, but the most infected areas are the western basin of the Indian Ocean, the Gulf of Aden, Southeast Asia, or the Gulf of Guinea, where piracy causes many troubles to world trade. The crime of piracy calls for a strong and substantive answer. In this paper, the author tries to look for legal and non-legal devices against piracy and tries to give an answer to the question whether we can take a failed state to account in international law?
Detecting Military Historical Objects by LiDAR Data
Authors: Juhász Attila , Neuberger Hajnalka
Published: February 2022

Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technology has become one of the major remote sensing methods in the last few years. There are several areas, where the scanned 3D point-clouds can be used very efficiently. In our study we review the potential applications of LiDAR data in military historical reconstruction. Previously we defined the major steps of the entire reconstruction process and the – mostly archive – useful data sources. Obviously the base of this kind of investigations must be archive data, but it is an interesting challenge to integrate a cutting edge method into such tasks. LiDAR technology can be very useful, especially in vegetation covered areas, where the conventional remote sensing technologies are mostly inefficient. We shall summarize how laser scanned data can support the different parts of reconstruction work and define the technological steps of LiDAR data processing.
Thoughts about the “Magyary Programme 2020”
Authors: Gál András Levente
Published: February 2022

Our aim with this study is that those readers interested in the Hungarian governmental work of 2010–2014, and who intend to assess it but are not familiar with reading in Hungarian shall get an easily understandable overview from an internal perspective of the development of Hungarian public administration. In order to achieve the above this essay is a summary of the new approaches that – regarding the re-thinking of the Magyary Programme – are worth considering at the end of the previous government term and necessary before the EU programming period 2014–2020. To this end it continues to develop and elaborate the concept of the Good State of the Magyary Programme, in short it scans the results and deficiencies in certain intervention areas of the past four years (organization–task–procedure–staff). Finally it summarizes the major challenges of a new type of Magyary Programme 2020 in 7 points, which the Hungarian state and Hungarian public administration, as a part thereof, shall respond to – as far as the author is concerned.
Law as an Instrument of Fighting Against Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN) Terrorism
Authors: Skoruša Leopold
Published: February 2022

This contribution deals with the legal impacts on the protection of population against a specific form of terrorism. As a reference element for exploring the subjected, a regulating mechanism of legal character was selected by the author.As the assessment of the regulation of all CBRN components are outside of the framework of this article, the author limited his survey to the area of combat chemical agents and industrially dangerous chemicals provided. The survey model applied can be utilised by other means as well.
The Role and Security of Money from the Aspect of Cyber Warfare
Authors: Cser Orsolya
Published: February 2022

Security is one of the most basic human needs, which never appears alone, but always in response to an emergency situation. Internal security of a state means the protection of the political, social and economic order, and the elimination of hazards, such as the instrument of economic terrorism, cyber attack.Cyberspace is a major arena of modern warfare. Attacks against it have made it important for banking systems that IT systems be developed in the most secure manner both inside and outside the organisation.
Information Security Law and Strategy in Hungary
Authors: Szádeczky Tamás
Published: February 2022

Information security has an emerging importance, even in people’s daily life, even in country-level policymaking, but these two are inseparable. National information security strategy, applied legal regulation and the actual awareness of citizens are interconnected. The article shows the legal regulation of the last decades in Hungary, the relevant laws and their impact on information security, based on the legal aspects of cybersecurity and cyberterrorism. The focal points in the legisla- tion are the Act on Electronic Public Service of 2009 and the Information Security Act of 2013. The paper points to the advancing interest on the cybersecurity by the side of the government and therefore the more and more detailed legal regulation implied by that.
One of the Basic Questions of Warfare : The Levels of Control of Airspace
Authors: Csengeri János
Published: February 2022

In my essay I present the conceptual appearance of the levels of the control of the air, from the early 2000s until present day. As a result, from present day on we can be familiar with some new ideas about the possession of the airspace and we may use new concepts. I submit the framework of fighting and achieving control of the air and demonstrate through some questions the problematic ideas and thoughts about air dominance.
Military Parachute History of Hungary
Authors: Boda József
Published: February 2022

The author shall summarize the history of Hungarian military parachuting and share it with those interested in the topic. The article begins with the Imperial and Royal Aviation Troops of the Austro-Hungarian Empire parachute activities followed by the history of the participation in World War II and during the Warsaw Pact era until recent years.In Hungary, so far, only a few books have been published covering the history and activities of parachute and special forces units.
Fences and Border Protection: The Question of Establishing Technical Barriers in Europe
Authors: Besenyő János
Published: February 2022

The security environment of the 21st century confronted the international community with unprecedented challenges. One could say that we are only facing current negative trends with slowly evolving responses. However, these statements seem to contradict some facts that prove, that although there are deficient aspects to the current security structures, we are able to effectively handle many of the national and international challenges. Over the centuries, installation of various walls, wall systems have repeatedly defended the integrity of an area, the community of people living there from armed groups or offensive units. We can also find examples where population movements and bilateral territorial conflicts weakened—the relatively stable—great powers, which in order to avoid further intrusion and considerable social changes, designed a so-called “buffer zone” on their external borders to defend their sovereignty. There is no question that the current border restriction processes try to rehabilitate a long-time frequently used scheme for the protection of nationals, which was in recent times burdened by sad associations, such as the Berlin Wall. This is proven by the fact that only since 2000, more than 25 walls were built for security purposes. In my analysis, considering the present processes, I highlight the security challenges of 21st century Europe and the tightened border security measures generated by the fears and threats. I also stress the impact of the recent wave of migration in the transit states’ and western countries’ security system, as well as outline the activities of the Eastern European and Baltic states in response to the deteriorating relationship with Russia.
Managerial Responsibility and Efficiency in Public Service (Competency-Based Solutions)
Authors: Szabó Szilvia
Published: February 2022

This study aims to deal with a current and undoubtedly unique theme by examining the scope of leader responsibilities and effectiveness in a unique labour market environment following a concept which is still new in our country. The basic thesis of this study is that the responsibility of leaders is highly significant in achieving organizational efficiency even in public administration institutions, and additionally the terms of natural and developer leaders will be explained from this aspect as well. Furthermore, this study wants to define the importance of emotional intelligence and emotional competence in managerial work, particularly with regard to the practice of public administration. In relation to this topic the study also aims to formulate proposals for the behaviour of leaders with “creative vision”, and it summarizes those competency-based methods and good practices that can support leader activities efficiently, effectively and with resource saving.
Serial Killers on the Other Side of the Bars : “Bestial Humans—Human Beasts”
Authors: Ruzsonyi Péter
Published: February 2022

Serial killers are present all over the globe. Their acts shock and—not surprisingly—anger the public. This study will—for the first time in Hungary—focus on serial killers convicted in Hungary by analyzing their crimes and their behavior during incarceration.This paper has the as-yet unprecedented aim of providing a general picture about serial killers on the “other side” of the prison bars, and within the prisons themselves. Besides dealing with the life and activities of the serial killers before their incarceration on international level, it will also put forward a comprehensive picture about the origin and meaning of the term “serial killer”, all the while discussing the general attributes of those who belong to this category. The study will also provide an overview about the main ideas on making distinctions and conducting classification into different types and examines the issues that are related to female serial killers.We will also analyze the actions of serial killers incarcerated within Hungarian prisons and evaluate their behaviour within the institution in order to predict their likely conduct using a completely novel risk assessment procedure.Our study also has a second part in which we will address the peculiarities pertaining to the punishment of life without parole, especially as 67% of the currently incarcerated Hungarian serial killers have received this sanction for their deeds.
Milestones in the Foundation and Role of the Most Significant International Organizations against Money Laundering in the European Union
Authors: Bugyáki Attila
Published: February 2022

In this two-piece study, the author introduces the most important international organizations and institutions fighting against money laundering of our time, through the main chapters of the formation of the international institutional system. The first part is focused on the creation of the international institutional system fighting against money laundering.By the 21st century the phenomenon of money laundering—with the need of the laundering of gradually increasing “dirty” money, mainly from drugs, weapons and human trafficking, prostitution and corruption—has become a worldwide problem. With the increasing organization of international criminal groups—taking advantage of the free movement of money and financial services—are using more and more refined techniques to get more profits with their illegal activities. Money laundering will not leave terrorism untouched—casting a shadow on our everyday life—as particular radical groups use every means necessary to lay their hands on money sources anonymously needed for their existence, as it supplies their destructive actions; and naturally procuring this money the best sources are the money laundered by criminals. Recognising the money laundering and the negative and destructive effects of new crimes on everyday economic, financial and political life based on laundering, the leading countries of the world started international legislation against money laundering and terrorism which laws and codes are strictly regulating the different financial and bank supervision of the nation states. Despite the onsetting difficulties and indecisiveness, it was clear for the European Union that only strong international collaboration—and the unified understanding of measures—is the only power to stop the spread of money laundering.
Security of E-Government Website Encryption in Germany and Hungary
Authors: Szádeczky Tamás
Published: February 2022

The paper deals with comparative research of the communication security of e-Government services in Germany and Hungary. The focus point of the research is to analyse the cryptographic security algorithms and protocols which encrypt communication in the relations of the citizen and a governmental body. The analysis includes the general e-Government portals, central web services, and specialised services, like taxation and criminal record extracts. The actuality of the topic lies in the fact that the security of the citizens’ personal data, used, stored and transferred by the governmental bodies can be in danger. Two examples are the loss of 25 million UK citizens’ personal data in 2007 because of a failure of the UK Customs Service and the compromise personally identifiable information of 191 million US citizens, stored in the Voter Database in 2015. The goal of the research is to check the current practice used for governmental communication, based on international standards and current practices. The study compares the e-administration systems of a country of Central Europe which is considered less developed in e-government systems and processes than a Western European country. Based on the evaluation, which can be found at the end of this study, those persons who are responsible for the operation of such systems, can see the actual benchmarks of the communication security. So, this way they can learn about the usage of what communication protocols and cryptographic algorithms are recommended and under what settings.
Investigation of Relationships Between Sensitivity to Reinforcement Traits and Emotion Dysregulation
Authors:   Department of Education & Counseling, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Aghajani Mitra , Izadi Mahshid ,   Department of Education and Counseling, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Farrokhi Noorali ,   Department of Assessment & Measurement, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran., Hassani Fariba ,   Department of General Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Published: February 2022

Objective: We investigated the relationship between the Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST) traits and emotion dysregulation signs, including social anxiety, general anxiety, and depression in students. Methods: A total of 189 students of the public universities in Tehran were selected by convenience sampling and answered the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, Social Interaction Anxiety Scale, and Punishment Sensitivity Questionnaire and Reward Sensitivity. Data analysis was done using SPSS v. 26 software by Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. Results: Pearson correlation coefficient showed a significant relationship between punishment and reward sensitivity and symptoms of emotional dysregulation. Also, multiple regression analysis showed that reward and punishment sensitivity could predict emotion dysregulation. Conclusion: Punishment hypersensitivity and reward hyposensitivity were higher-order, shared factors for emotion dysregulation signs, including depression, social anxiety, and generalized anxiety. These findings emphasize the effect of behavioral activation as a technique to increase reward pursuit by the individual and suggested that this technique is able to increase reward-seeking and consequently, improve emotional regulation.
Comparison of Perfectionism and Tolerance of Ambiguity in the Subtypes of Illness Anxiety Disorder
Authors:   Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran., Moloudi Berivan , Khademi Ali ,   Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Humanities, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran.
Published: February 2022

Objective: Illness Anxiety Disorder (IAD) has two subtypes, care-seeking type, and care-avoidant. There is little information about the differences between the two subtypes. Methods: This study was carried out to compare perfectionism and tolerance of ambiguity in the subtypes of the IAD. To this end, a causal-comparative design was employed. The statistical population of the study included clients with symptoms of IAD who were referred to psychiatric and psychological clinics in Urmia city (West Azerbaijan Province, Iran) in 2019. After conducting a semi-structured interview, 60 subjects were selected as samples, using a convenience sampling method. The Perfectionism Inventory and the Tolerance of Ambiguity questionnaire were utilized for data collection. The collected data were analyzed by the multivariate analysis of variance test. Results: The care-avoiding subtype showed significantly higher scores on some subscales of perfectionism, including concern over mistakes (F=8.735; P=0.005), need for approval (F=4.988; P=0.029), and organization (F=4.505; P=0.038). On the contrary, the care-seeking type showed a significantly lower tolerance of ambiguity than the care-avoidant type (t=2.689; P=0.001). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest some subtle differences between the subtypes of IAD. As a result, paying attention to these differences can lead to developing tailored treatments for each of the IAD subtypes.
Evaluation of the Toxicity Effects of Polyethyleneimine (Pei) on Cell Viability and Morphology of VSMC Cells
Authors:   Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Zamani-Garmsiri Fahimeh , Najafi Mohammad ,   Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Mohammadi Asghar ,   Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran., Shaikhnia Farhad ,   Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Ghasempour Ghasem ,   Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Published: February 2022

Background and Objectives: Today, PEI is used for high-efficiency gene transfection. This polycation can have toxic effects on cells due to charged amine groups. This study evaluated the toxic effects of PEI in both single and oligonucleotide-binding modes on VSMC cells. Methods: First, VSMC cells were cultured and then transfected by nanoparticles in two PEI states alone and containing oligonucleotides. After 24 hours, cell viability and morphology were assessed using MTT and electron microscopy methods respectively. Data were analysed using the one-way ANOVA, followed by the Tukey Post-Hoc test. Results: The results showed that nanoparticles significantly reduced the cell viability by causing toxicity to cells (P<0.0001) and also its images showed cell death and apoptosis. But PEI containing oligonucleotides had no toxic effects on cell viability (P= 0.7414). Its electron microscope image also showed a normal cell morphology. Conclusion: Overall, this study showed that the effect of PEI toxicity on VSMC cells is inhibited by oligonucleotide sequencing and thus neutralizing the positive charges of the amine group.
The Effectiveness of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on Adolescents’ Moral Decision Making and Moral Behavior
Authors:   Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Shiraz International University, Shiraz, Iran., Borun Sima , Fooladcheng Mahboubeh ,   Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran., Jokar Bahram ,   Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran., Yousefi Farideh ,   Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
Published: February 2022

Background and Objectives: The study of interventions for improving decision making and ethical behavior are of interest to researcher. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of tDCS on adolescents’ decision-making and moral behavior. Methods: The method of the present study is quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. 32 female high school students in Tehran were randomly selected and randomly divided into two groups of 16 people. The instruments used included the Ethical Sensitivity, Ethical Decision Making, and Ethical Behavior. Brain stimulation was performed with the TDCS device and at the DLPFC point of the brain anodally and unilaterally in six sessions of 20 minutes, 24 hours apart, with a voltage of 2 mA. Then, post-test was performed on both groups. Data were analyzed using t-test. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the tDCS group and the control group in the variables of ethical decision making and ethical behavior (P<0.0001). Due to the difference in means, the tDCS group performed better than the control group. Conclusion: In a general conclusion, it can be stated that a 6-session course of tDCS brain stimulation has a positive effect on the decision-making and moral behavior of ninth grade junior high school female students, so it is necessary to examine the effectiveness of this intervention with different groups and in various conditions. And in the case of confirming this finding, it should be considered in counseling and planning centers.
Potencial de la educación presencial y la educación virtual
Authors: Riofrío Guadalupe Ligia del Pilar , Arroba Bermeo Milton Ernesto , Arroba Bermeo Ítalo Rosendo
Published: February 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar el potencial de educación presencial, en el aula educación virtual, en la casa, dentro del proceso enseñanza aprendizaje en época de pandemia y como procesos de aprendizaje y transmisión del conocimiento. La primera a través de un aula y la segunda mediante línea, para conocer la efectividad tanto de las clases presenciales como virtuales.  De ahí se destaca de cada uno sus éxitos, ventajas, desventajas. En general, la investigación permitió interpretar la importancia de las clases presenciales y en línea, realizar un razonamiento, una crítica, una precisión objetiva y lo que es más importante determinar la importancia de los docentes tanto en las clases presenciales como virtuales, con roles diferentes y con desafíos que deben capacitarse y profesionalizarse para estar acordes al mundo tecnológico.
Análisis bibliométrico de la producción científica sobre neuromarketing en SCOPUS
Authors: Sofía Garzón Paredes Sofía , Sánchez Gavilanes Ana María , Medina Chicaiza Patricio
Published: February 2022

La presente investigación tiene la finalidad de realizar un estudio basado en un análisis bibliométrico sobre la producción científica del Neuromarketing en Scopus en el periodo 2015-2021 con corte a agosto, mediante el cual se pudo conocer la evolución e impacto del tema dentro de ámbito científico. El marco teórico ayudó a fundamentar la investigación realizada centrándose inicialmente en conceptos básicos de neuromarketing y el avance del término dentro del mercado. La metodología empleada fue deductiva-inductiva, donde de un total de resultados obtenidos, se excluyeron ciertos parámetros para así trabajar con los documentos de interés. Los resultados expuestos serán una base fundamentada para próximas investigaciones de expertos en marketing o distintas áreas enfocadas al Neuromarketing. Se identificó el año y país con mayor producción científica sobre el tema planteado, complementándolo con la revista que tuvo mayor número de documentos publicados, tomando en cuenta factores de impacto como lo son los cuartiles y el índice h.
Contextualización y prospectiva del programa de transferencias de efectivo Bono de Desarrollo Humano en el Ecuador
Authors: Meza Cisneros Josueth Alfonso , Intriago Mendoza Fernando Rodolfo , Cantos Cruz Mayra Verónica
Published: February 2022

Los gobiernos alrededor del mundo, en un ejercicio de cumplimiento social, han dispuesto las transferencias de dinero condicionadas, conocida en nuestro país como Bono de Desarrollo Humano, el cual provee un rubro económico que se paga a los beneficiarios mediante el sistema bancario nacional.  Muchos ciudadanos desconocen el funcionamiento y el objetivo real de este tipo de beneficios para los “pobres” de nuestro país, de esta manera se trata de contextualizar su creación, objetivo, y una reflexión del futuro de este bono.
Análisis de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) en la prestación de servicios a la ciudadanía en el Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado Municipal del cantón Montúfar
Authors: Herrera Villarreal Lady Soledad , Madruñero Rosero Diana Carolina
Published: February 2022

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo analizar las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación TIC`s  en la prestación de servicios a la ciudadanía en el Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado Municipal del cantón Montúfar .Con el fin de identificar las falencias del uso de las TIC´s que existen en GAD, para posteriormente proponer la creación de una plataforma digital para la prestación de servicios a la ciudadanía en base a la conceptualización de la Administración Pública Digital. La investigación se enmarcó en un enfoque cuantitativo y cualitativo que permitió la aplicación de entrevistas a los servidores del GAD y encuestas a la ciudadanía montufareña, los métodos empleados como el inductivo, deductivo y analítico fueron de gran ayuda para obtener y analizar los resultados obtenidos con la aplicación de los instrumentos, con ello se pudo identificar varios hallazgos entre estos que si existen falencias en cuanto al uso y manejo de las TIC`s, ya que el Municipio actualmente cuenta con una página web para brindar información a la ciudadanía, mas no con una plataforma digital que le permita al ciudadano hacer la consulta y el pago de los servicios como es el impuesto predial y el agua potable. Por otro lado, por parte de la ciudadanía existe un desconocimiento en cuanto a la TIC´s y a la información que consta en la página web institucional y a su utilización, pero si están de acuerdo con que se implemente una plataforma digital para la prestación de servicios, lo que permitirá brindar servicios de calidad, más eficientes y eficaces. Esta investigación aportará a que los gobiernos locales de nuestro país puedan implementar plataformas digitales que les permita a la ciudadanía acceder a servicios públicos de manera ágil y oportuna sin necesidad de trasladarse presencialmente a las entidades para ser atendido.
perfil de la desnutrición infantil en Carchi y el rol de las políticas públicas
Authors: Rivera Vásquez Jairo Israel
Published: February 2022

El presente trabajo se enfocó en el fenómeno de la desnutrición infantil que limita el desarrollo de la primera infancia; en Ecuador la desnutrición infantil afecta a alrededor de un cuarto de la población, y Carchi tiene prevalencias superiores al promedio nacional. El objetivo de esta investigación fue caracterizar a la desnutrición infantil en Carchi, sus cambios en el tiempo y el rol de las políticas públicas. La metodología del estudio fue mixta, ya que emplea métodos cuantitativos a través de modelos econométricos de pooling data y métodos cualitativos de revisión bibliográfica. El principal resultado de la investigación fue que la desnutrición infantil en Carchi tiene características particulares hacia grupos de población, donde han existido fallas en las políticas públicas.
Informativeness of clinical and laboratory tests for the diagnosis of chronic renal failure in small animals
Authors: Horalska I. Y. , Sakhnyuk V. V. , Chernysh I. О. , Horalskiy L. P. , Sokulskyi I. M.
Published: February 2022

The study of the clinical and functional state of the kidneys revealed some aspects of the etiology, pathogenesis and diagnosis of chronic renal failure in dogs and cats. The course of the disease in animals at the beginning of the pathology was characterized by polyuria and polydipsia, then – oliguria and anuria, apathy, cachexia, dehydration, ulcers on the gums, salivation, bad breath, dull hair, debilitating vomiting (50% of cases), constipation or diarrhea. Sick animals were diagnosed with tachycardia with increased pulsation of the internal femoral artery and blood pressure from 150/100 to 180/100 mm Hg. art., signs of uremic pneumonia and pulmonary edema. Clinical and laboratory studies have shown that oliguria and anuria in 15 % of studied animals are accompanied by hypothermia up to 35.8 °C, pain in the kidneys, nephromegaly. In the study of urine and blood of animals with CRF, iso- and hypostenuria, proteinuria – in 85 %, glucosuria – in 15 %, hematuria – in 20 %, normochromic anemia. It has been found that the determination of microalbumins in urine is more informative than the determination of proteins, because their appearance precedes the appearance of protein in the urine, which can be considered a diagnostic test for this pathology. It has been proven that in chronic renal failure in dogs and cats develops a pronounced uremic syndrome, accompanied by clinical signs of intoxication – vomiting and hyperazotemia due to increased serum creatinine (up to 574.7 ± 62.5 μmol/l) and urea (37.8 ± 7.94 mmol/l), indicating the development of severe destructive processes in the kidneys. The terminal stages of renal failure are characterized by severe circulatory disorders with myocardial dysfunction and hypertension, progressive anemia. We associate the development of arterial hypertension with the formation of vasoconstrictor – angiotensin II, which can affect the systemic circulation through the defeat of the glomeruli of the renal corpuscles and proximal tubules. Suppression of erythropoietin production results in anemia, which we also associate with hematuria and bone marrow suppression by nitrogen-containing blood compounds.
Peculiarities of pathomorphological examination of snakes
Authors: Horvat M. P. , Dankovych R. S. , Dankovych M. R.
Published: February 2022

The article presents data on the morphology of snakes and features of the pathomorphological study of representatives of this suborder of reptiles. There is also a brief description of the most common pathological conditions of reptiles, which are fatal without adequate veterinary care. Characteristic morphological features of snakes are described: a long narrow body, which is adapted for crawling, most of the internal organs are elongated, placed asymmetrically, some of them have lost their paired part. The skin of snakes is dry, almost devoid of glands, the outer layers of the epidermis form horny scales and shields. The snake's heart is three-chambered, three blood trunks independently depart from the ventricle separated by an incomplete septum: two aortic arches and the pulmonary artery, and the carotid arteries that supply arterial blood to the head and forelimbs depart only from the right aortic arch. Gas exchange occurs mainly in the lungs (in most snakes, the left lung is rudimentary) and the mechanism of respiration of the suction type. The digestive organs are elongated, and the liver is monocotyledonous. Metanephric kidneys provide isolation and water exchange. The body temperature of reptiles is not constant and largely depends on the ambient temperature (poikilotherm). Before the opening, the anamnesis is collected, and the type of reptile is determined. During the pathological examination, it is necessary to follow safety rules, especially when examining poisonous snakes. On external review, the skin is carefully inspected, attention is paid to the presence of ectoparasites (especially mites), remnants of the epidermis after the last molt, external damage, and so on. The mucous membrane of the oral cavity, teeth, external nostrils, cloacal slit are examined. To access the body cavity, a paramedial incision is made in the body cavity wall, bypassing large vessels. Internal organs should be discussed following the preservation of their anatomical and physiological relationships. In the process of pathomorphological examination, it is necessary to select material for histological, histochemical, bacteriological, virological, mycological, parasitological, and other types of laboratory tests to use a comprehensive approach diagnosis. Particular attention should be paid to diseases common to reptiles and humans (salmonellosis, leptospirosis).
Distribution and features of сhorioptosis of cattle as part of mixinvasions in farms of Poltava region
Authors: Kovalenko S.
Published: February 2022

Among ectoparasites that infect cattle, parasitic arthropods are the most common pathogens. These include acariform mites of the Chorioptes Bovis, which cause сhorioptosis in ruminants. Parasitization of these permanent ectoparasites leads to significant losses in livestock due to reduced volumes and quality of industrial products. The study aimed to study the degree of infestation of cattle of different ages with the causative agent of сhorioptosis in farms of Poltava region (Ukraine) and establish the features of acarosis in mixed invasions. Studies have shown that the average extent of сhorioptosic invasion of cattle in the surveyed region was 16.80 %, and the moderate intensity of the invasion – 53.81 specimens of ticks on the body area of 4 cm2. It is proved that the indicators of infection of cattle Ch. Bovis grow with age. In calves, up to 6 months of age, young animals aged 6 to 12 months, heifers older than 12 months, and cows, the intensity of invasion was 9.40, 15.24, 21.84, and 25 %, respectively, and the intensity of invasion was 16.73, 45, 38, 58.89 and 78.61 specimens/4 cm2. It was found that сhorioptosis in cattle more often (68.75 %) occurs in the form of mixinvasions, where co-members of Chorioptes Bovis are parasitic insects (bovicols), cestodes (moniesies), trematodes (paramphistomes), nematodes (strongyloides, trichurises, strongylides of digestive organs) and coccidies (eimeries). Two-component mixinvasions were found in 65.91 % of chorioptosis patients and three-component – in 25 % of infected animals. Four- and five-component mixed invasions were less common (6.82 % and 2.27 %, respectively). A total of 19 species of mixed invasions were identified, 7 of which were two-component, 8 three-component, 3 four-component, and 1 five-component. Simultaneous parasitization of Chorioptes Bovis and strongylide of digestive organs (25 %), bovicoles (15.91 %) in two-component mixinvasions was most often found. Other combinations of parasites were diagnosed less frequently (2.27–6.82 %). The research results expand the already existing scientific data on the peculiarities of the chorioptosis of cattle and will allow us to take them into account when carrying out diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic measures for this invasion.
Building Librarians’ Research Skills through Experiential Learning
Authors:   Georgia State University, Anderson Raeda , Fisher Katherine ,   Emory University, Williams Emily ,   Georgia State University, Usmanov George ,   Georgia State University
Published: February 2022

Experiential learning programs are an effective method to teach data-focused research skills and statistical analysis. We examine the effects of a participatory research training program developed and executed by a data librarian and administered to library employees at a large academic library. The program aimed to improve research skills and increase research productivity. This study employs a survey within a concurrent mixed methods methodological framework to examine the outcomes of the training program. Our findings show that the program served as a low-cost, short-term, effective method of teaching data collection and quantitative analysis that increased participants’ knowledge of the research process, boosted their research confidence, and provided valuable data on library services for use by the participants and library administration.
PENERAPAN KONSELING KELOMPOK TEKNIK SEFT UNTUK MEREDUKSI KEJENUHAN BELAJAR SISWA KELAS VIII SMP SUNAN GIRI MENGANTI
Authors: Ayu Fitria S Puri , Firda Mufida Elia
Published: February 2022

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan teknik seft dalam mengurangi kebosanan belajar pada siswa kelas VIII SMP. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif yang menggunakan jenis penelitian pra eksperimen dengan menggunakan One Group Pre-Test Post-Test Design.Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua variabel yaitu variabel X (Teknik SEFT dalam Konseling Kelompok) dan variabel Y (Kejenuhan Belajar). Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII A dan B SMP Sunan Giri Menganti yang berjumlah 63 siswa, sampel diambil dengan teknik purposing sampling dan diperoleh 4 Data yang terkumpul kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji Wilxocon menggunakan SPSS for Windows versi 26
Chocolates Wonka: análisis de la marca de ficción
Authors: Álvarez-Rodríguez Víctor , Selva-Ruiz David
Published: February 2022

Este artículo analiza la marca de ficción Wonka a través del uso de la herramienta de product placement inverso. Cuenta con una metodología exploratorio-descriptiva que ha necesitado de una revisión bibliográfica y de entrevistas en profundidad a los expertos responsables de la marca. Los resultados ilustran su tratamiento en el mercado reflexionando sobre su identidad transmedia. Se construye así una visión sobre la aplicación de esta técnica a través del estudio de caso de una práctica publicitaria que ha sido muy poco investigada en el ámbito académico.
Open-Water Test of the LIGHTHOUSE Situational Awareness System, Cruise No. AL555, 28.4.21 – 11.5.21, Kiel (Germany) – Kiel (Germany) LIGHTHOUSE-DM, Alkor-Berichte AL555
Authors: Kwasnitschka Tom
Published: February 2022

The objective of this cruise was to establish the first order functionality of the LIGHTHOUSE system in terms of mechanics, ROV operations, electrical components and data link. This is a highly integrated suite of optical and acoustic sensors to create a real time 360° scan of an underwater environment, in order to enhance the situational awareness of pilots and mission specialists. The tests were to be conducted in the clear, deep waters of the Norwegian Sognefjord. Due to severe technical malfunctions that became only apparent during mobilization in the port of Kiel, the vessel stayed moored to the east shore and west shore quays in Kiel Harbor, except for an excursion off Boknis Eck in the Eckernförde Bight. Despite these restrictions in locality, the majority of the work programme was carried out with great success.
Exploring Indigenous newcomer relations in the City of Toronto: changing demographics, reconciliation and the capacity of city planning
Authors: Casuncad Niko
Published: February 2022

Toronto’s urban Indigenous and newcomer populations are rapidly increasing. As a result, the City is facing a new demographic reality that will change how the municipal government implements its plans, designs, and programs. Indigenous and newcomer groups often have similar lived experiences of marginalization and discrimination as equity-seeking groups and can work together towards a more just

city. This Major Research Paper (MRP) lays at the intersection of this new demographic reality, the Truth

and Reconciliation Commission of Canada’s (TRC) Calls to Action, and how planning might play an important role in supporting Indigenous-newcomer relations. A qualitative approach was used to explore the City’s current level of engagement with the TRC’s Calls to Action and the City’s Statement of Commitment to Aboriginal Communities in Toronto. Data collection included a document scan of City

plans, engagement strategies, and divisional strategies; an initiative scan of events, reports to action, and council motions; and semi-structured interviews with City staff in the following divisions: City Planning; the Indigenous Affairs Office; the Newcomer Office; Economic Development and Culture; and Parks, Forestry, and Recreation.

Key words: Reconciliation, Immigrant, Newcomer, Indigenous, City, Planning, Demographics, Toronto
Using tax increment financing to develop affordable housing in Toronto
Authors: Cohen Darrin
Published: February 2022

The City of Toronto’s ten year Housing Plan established an aggressive target to develop 40,000 affordable housing units. A multitude of policies and tools will be required to achieve this goal. This paper examines the potential use of Tax Increment Financing (TIF) to help develop affordable housing units. A critical examination of Portland, Oregon and the State of Minnesota is undertaken to provide precedence for how the Province of Ontario and the City of Toronto could use TIF to achieve housing targets. This paper provides evidence to suggest TIF could be an effective tool in the City of Toronto and argues for the Province to provide regulations for its use.

Key words: Housing; Economic Development; Toronto; Tax Increment Financing; Policy
Opportunities and barriers to sustainable urban development: an analysis of the Toronto Green Standard (Version 3)
Authors: Edwards Ross
Published: February 2022

The City of Toronto has pushed for sustainable development as a normative goal through the creation of the ‘Toronto Green Standard’ (TGS). The TGS requires all developments in the municipal boundary to meet a specified level of sustainability requirements. Since 2018, the TGS has provided the opportunity to reach three voluntary tiers beyond the required tier (tiers 2-4), further enhancing sustainable building performance in exchange for a development charge

refund. This report aims to determine the development characteristics most associated with Tier 2+. Results indicate that Tier 2+ developments are typically large-scale and mixed-use but vary given geographic context and developer characteristics. Moreover, results suggest that the

development charge refund may not be a sufficient incentive for most developers, indicating a need for incentive reform. This research is a significant case study for planners considering the challenges and opportunities of encouraging sustainability in urban development.

Key Words: Sustainable Development, Resilience, Toronto Green Standard, Incentives
Making room for whom? Co-living as a reinvention of rooming houses for the commodified city
Authors: Mak Jonathan
Published: February 2022

Co-living, a form of living characterized by individually rented rooms with shared amenities, is framed by proponents as an innovative form of housing that addresses many ills of contemporary urban life, such as housing affordability and isolation. However, the practice of renting individual rooms is not new, providing some of the lowest-cost market housing in North American cities including Toronto. I trace the lineage of various forms of collective living to conceptualize the roots of co-living. I argue that the rise of contemporary co-living and the decline of rooming houses in urban centres are part of the same process of urban transformation associated with

gentrification. Through interviews and chats with planners in Ontario and representatives from co-living companies, I compare the perspectives of various co-living stakeholders. I then explore the possible effects of the proliferation of co-living on housing affordability and rooming houses and what it means for policymakers moving forward.

Key words: co-living, rooming houses, housing, gentrification