bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APPLICATION TYPES AND DOSAGES OF LIQUID ORGANIC FERTILIZER AGAINST THE GROWTH AND PRODUCTION OF SWEET CORN CROPS
Authors: Wati Wahyu Ratna , Wahida Wahida , Limbongan Amelia
Published: September 2019

Aplikasi pupuk organik cair melalui daunnya merupakan salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan produksi jagung manis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pupuk organik cair terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi jagung manis. Penelitian ini dilakukan di desa Amunkay, Kabupaten Tanah Miring. Metode yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelompok dengan lima perlakuan dosis pupuk organik cair dan diulang 3 kali, sama dengan 15 unit percobaan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis perlakuan dan dosis pupuk organik cair tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif seperti tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun, tetapi memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap parameter produksi. Pengamatan menunjukkan hasil terbaik untuk panjang jagung yang diperoleh dengan dosis Papuagro 10 ml / 5 l. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa diameter jagung dan jumlah biji per baris yang diperlakukan dengan pupuk organik cair NASA dosis 5 ml / 5 l memberikan hasil terbaik.

Kata kunci: jagung manis; pupuk organik cair NASA; pupuk cair Papuagro
POTENSI ANTIOKSIDAN PADA BUAH LOKAL PAPUA
Authors: Rumainum Inna Martha , Tuhumena Veronica
Published: September 2019

Tujuan dari artikel ini ialah untuk mengulas kandungan fitokemikal yang terdapat pada buah merah, mahkota dewa dan matoa serta mengkaji potensinya sebagai sumber antioksidan.Buah mengandung berbagai jenis nutrisi yang bermanfaat bagi manusia.Senyawa antioksidan yang terkandung di dalam buah memiliki khasiat mencegah penyakit kardiovaskuler.Buah merah mengandung senyawa tokoferol dan senyawa karotenoid yang tinggi yang berperan aktif sebagai antioksidan.Senyawa polifenol yang terkandung di dalam buah mahkota dewa dan matoa juga berperan penting dalam menangkap radikal bebas di dalam tubuh.Senyawa-senyawa tersebut telah teruji secara in vitro mampu menghambat pertumbuhan sel-sel kanker.

Kata Kunci: Antioksidan,Buah, Polifenol, Papua
The CAR T Cell Story
Authors: Russkamp Norman , Zenz Thorsten
Published: September 2019

During the entire 20th century, chemotherapy and irradiation were the mainstay of non-surgical cancer treatment. In the past 20 years, however, cancer immunotherapy has been revolutionizing the field of oncology with ever-increasing pace. During this time, various molecular pathways have successfully been exploited to re-direct the immune system to fight cancer. This shift of treatment paradigms was acknowledged by the Nobel committee, which awarded the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to James Allison and Tasuku Honjo for their discoveries leading to the development of checkpoint inhibitors.1 A different approach, however, has gained widespread attention inside as well as outside the medical community: the regulatory approval of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells for the treatment of leukemia and lymphoma in 2017. While the adoptive transfer of genetically engineered human cells in clinical routine has been limited to individual indications, the unprecedented efficacy of genetically modified T cells in refractory patients was inconceivable a few years ago. The groundwork for the clinical implementation of CAR T cells was laid in the past three decades in terms of progress that was made in the fields of immunology as well as in cellular and gene therapy. Here, we provide a brief overview of fundamental discoveries, from basic to translational research, that ultimately led to the clinical approval of CAR T cells for the treatment of cancer patients.
Long-Term Sustained Disease Control With Immunotherapy in Chemotherapy-Refractory Merkel Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Yihler Deborah , Vollmer Kathrin , Cozzio Antonio
Published: September 2019

ABSTRACT
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare and difficult-to-treat cutaneous malignancy with a poor prognosis. Treatment protocols for localized MCC are well established. Until recently, metastatic MCC has generally been treated with chemotherapy, which was often associated with poor clinical responses and significant toxicity. In this report, the case of a patient with metastatic MCC who received avelumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, after an inadequate response to first-line radiotherapy and chemotherapy, is presented. Nine months after the initiation of the treatment with avelumab, the patient achieved a partial remission with no treatment-related adverse events. After a follow-up of 17 months, a systematically ongoing partial response was reported. In conclusion, this case study offers a clinical insight into the patient’s case and highlights the importance of immunotherapy as a first-line therapy for metastatic MCC.
Recuperando la identidad del médico internista al visualizar las competencias profesionales
Authors: Pinilla Análida Elizabeth
Published: September 2019

Objetivo: realizar una revisión de la literatura nacional e internacional sobre la medicina interna y la identidad del médico internista con el fin de caracterizar la identidad de este profesional en medicina clínica.

Fuente de datos: se inició la búsqueda sistemática de la literatura científica publicada en español y en inglés de los artículos de mayor relevancia, en diferentes bases de datos como Medline, SciELO y otras bases de la biblioteca de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia y páginas de asociaciones médicas, además de la revisión de libros sobre el tema. Para tal fin se emplearon los términos médico internista, internista, medicina interna, competencias médico internista.

Selección de estudios: se revisaron los títulos y resúmenes para seleccionar las publicaciones originales y las más representativas para el tema de este artículo. Los artículos de revistas se analizaron mediante el programa para análisis cualitativo Atlas. ti (5.0), el cual se utilizó para hacer la lectura interpretativa, con la creación de códigos y familias. Luego en el proceso de elaboración se articularon los aportes de los libros.

Conclusión: este artículo recapitula el surgimiento de la medicina interna hacia finales del siglo XIX en Europa, Latinoamérica y Colombia, se construye el concepto de medicina interna como ciencia y arte, las denominaciones que ha recibido el médico internista, las características para llegar a ubicarlas en el contexto de las competencias profesionales, para lo cual se explica el concepto de competencia en educación y competencia profesional. Luego se esbozan las competencias profesionales que han sido estandarizadas por diferentes asociaciones y autores internacionales, los escenarios o ambientes de desempeño y se culmina con algunas reflexiones sobre las exigencias para el siglo XXI, en las que se resalta el profesionalismo
Paciente con papilomatosis laringo-traqueobronquial recurrente y empiema at necessitatis
Authors: García Laura María , Salazar Ospina Juan David , Hernández Johan Sebastián
Published: September 2019

Paciente masculino de 17 años, con cuadro de PLR desde los 18 meses, al que se le han realizado 85 intervenciones a nivel laringo-traqueal, por lo que requirió traqueostomía permanente desde los cinco años, presentando cuadros de neumonías a repetición con invasión papilomatosa a pulmón de predominio derecho con aislamiento de actinomicetos; desarrolló empiema at neccesitatis del que se aislaron múltiples gérmenes multirresistentes con severo compromiso del parénquima pulmonar por lo que requirió neumonectomía radical derecha en intento de controlar la infección. Fue manejado con anfotericina B deoxicolato, meropenem, tigeciclina y polimixina B a pesar de lo cual presenta empeoramiento del cuadro clínico con posterior choque séptico refractario que lo llevó a la muerte
Gastroenterología
Authors: Residentes Residentes
Published: September 2019

GA-1 MIOSITIS PERIORBITARIA COMO MANIFESTACIÓN EXTRAINTESTINAL DE LA ENFERMEDAD DE CROHN (AGUDELO CARLOS, PEREZ MARÍA, LUNA FREDY, MILLÁN HENRY)

GA-2 ASCITIS QUILOSA, RETO DIAGNOSTICO Y TERAPEUTICO (OSWALDO E. AGUILAR MOLINA, CHRISTIAN A. MONTAÑO, JAIME HOLGUIN)

GA-3 SPRUE TROPICAL, NUEVA CARA DE UNA VIEJA ENFERMEDAD (OSWALDO E. AGUILAR MOLINA, CHRISTIAN A. MONTAÑO BRANCA, JAIME HOLGUÍN)

GA-4 DESPUÉS DE 100 AÑOS DE HISTORIA SÍNDROME DE PLUMMERVINSON (SANDOVAL JENNIFER, GONZÁLEZ ÁLVARO, PINTO NATALIE, RUEDA SANDRA, ARDILA MANUEL)

GA-5 ENFISEMA SUBCUTANEO MASIVO UNA COMPLICACION INUSUAL POST-COLANGIOPANCREATOGRAFIA RETROGRADA ENDOSCOPICA (ALZA JHONGERT, ARENAS MARÍA, BARBOSA JENNY, BRICEÑO BIBIANA, CHACÓN DANIELA, CORTÉS MARÍA, BARRERA EDGAR)

GA-6 RECIDIVA DE COLANGITIS ESCLEROSANTE PRIMARIA EN POSTTRASPLANTE HEPATICO (ALZA JHONGERT, ROJAS WILLIAM, RUIZ MARÍA, SANTOS CARMEN, TORRES NICOLÁS, VIVAS ALEJANDRA, BARRERA EDGAR)

GA-7 RETENCIÓN DE CÁPSULA ENDOSCÓPICA POR ILEITIS (RAMÍREZ SOLARTE ÁNGELA VIVÍAN, RESTREPO HOLGUÍN DANIEL FRANCISCO, REVELO JIMÉNEZ FRANCISCO)

GA-8 HEMORRAGIA DE VÍAS DIGESTIVAS BAJAS COMO COMPLICACIÓN INFECCIOSA (CASTAÑEDA CAMACHO HÉCTOR ANDRES, TORRES BUSTAMANTE ANGELA MARÍA)

GA-9 CARACTERIZACIÓN DE LOS PACIENTES CON DIAGNÓSTICO DE COLITIS POR CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE EN UN CENTRO DE BOGOTÁ DURANTE LOS AÑOS 2016 A 2018 (PÉREZ MARÍA ALEJANDRA, ZULUAGA JUAN DAVID, MILLÁN HENRY AUGUSTO, SUAREZ DAVID, LUNA FREDY ANDRÉS, DUARTE LUISA, NOREÑA IVÁN)

GA-10 HEPATITIS AUTOINMUNE CON PRESENTACION ATIPICA (ACUÑA JUAN, MORA JAVIER, LEGRO GIOVANNI, NAVARRETE LINDA, CUERVO JESSICA)

GA-11 APLICABILIDAD DE LOS CRITERIOS DE SWANSEA PARA DIAGNÓSTICO DE HÍGADO GRASO AGUDO DEL EMBARAZO (HGAE). ESTUDIO DE COHORTE RETROSPECTIVO (ROJAS-SUAREZ JOSÉ, PÉREZ-RAMÓN HUGO, LORA-ANDOSILLA MARIO, RODRÍGUEZ-YÁNEZ TOMAS, DUEÑAS-CASTELL CARMELO)
Feminisme Dalam Web Series “Sore-Istri Dari Masa Depan” (Analisis Wacana Sara Mills)
Authors: Basarah Finy Fitrya
Published: September 2019

Abstrak : Web series adalah salah satu alternatif hiburan bagi masyarakat Indonesia. Salah satu judulnya, SORE-Istri dari Masa Depan, bercerita tentang Sore, seorang time traveller, yang datang ke masa lalu untuk menemui Jo, laki-laki yang bakal menjadi suaminya kelak. SORE-Istri dari Masa Depan ini juga menjadi salah satu web series Indonesia yang ditonton oleh lebih dari 2 juta viewers sejak episode pertama. Penelitian ini mempergunakan teori feminisme untuk melihat bagaimana feminis yang muncul dan tergambarkan dalam web series ini. Sedangkan metode yang dipergunakan adalah analisis wacana dari Sara Mills, yang melihat bagaimana posisi subjek-objek dan penulis-pembaca digambarkan melalui web series ini. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini adalah menjadi seorang perempuan berarti lebih sadar akan hidup sehat dibandingkan dengan laki-laki; memiliki kuasa untuk mengatur hidup laki-laki, merubahnya menjadi lebih baik, lebih sehat; dan lebih bisa mengkampanyekan “Hidup Sehat” dibandingkan laki-laki.Kata Kunci : Web series, Feminisme, Analisis Wacana Sara Mills
XML as an Educational Curriculum
Authors: Menyhárt László Gábor
Published: September 2019

XML can be found in all areas of information technologies. However, there is no such prevalence in edu-cation. In this article, I present the result of my case study in which I checked how XML and related technologies appear in education. The research was on the Internet and it processed several Hungarian and almost the same number of foreign universities’ curriculum in English and German languages.
The Role of Input-Output Management in Programming Education
Authors: Horváth Győző
Published: September 2019

In the introductory programming education, during coding input and output management often suppresses in proportion the essential parts of the code. A novice programmer is essentially given three tasks with the solution of the original problem: reading the input, processing the data and writing the output. This article attempts to explore the role of input and output in the code, and in some cases, how to make them easier to implement.
GAMBARAN KEJADIAN KEPUTIHAN PATOLOGIS PADA MAHASISWI POLTEKKES KEMENKES TASIKMALAYA
Authors: Khoerunisa Ade
Published: September 2019

Salah satu dari jenis gangguan pada alat reproduksi wanita yang lebih sering terjadi di masyarakat
adalah keputihan. Keputihan bukan merupakan penyakit melainkan salah satu tanda gejala dari suatu
penyakit organ reproduksi wanita. Di Indonesia sekitar 90% wanita berpotensi mengalami keputihan.
Keputihan yang terjadi pada wanita dapat bersifat fisiologis dan patologis. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk
mendeskripsikan kejadian keputihan patologis pada mahasiswi Poltekkes Kemenkes Tasikmalaya.
Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif. Populasi yang digunakan adalah mahasiswi
poltekkes kemenkes Tasikmalaya di wilayah Tasikmalaya, dengan teknik pengambilan sampel
menggunakan simple random yaitu sebanyak 90 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak
22 orang menunjukan gejala keputihan patologis (24,4%) dan 68 orang menunjukan gejala keputihan
fisiologis (75,6 %). Penulis berharap peneliti selanjutnya dapat melakukan intervensi terhadap
kejadian keputihan patologis guna mencegah tejadinya dampak yang lebih berat dari keputihan
patologis ini.
PERILAKU MASYARAKAT DALAM UPAYA PENCEGAHAN PENYAKIT DEMAM BERDARAH (DBD) MELALUI METODE PEMBERANTASAN SARANG NYAMUK (PSN) DI DESA KARYALAKSANA KECAMATAN IBUN KABUPATEN BANDUNG
Authors: Amira Iceu , Hendrawati Hendrawati , Senjaya Sukma
Published: September 2019

Penyakit Demam Berdarah merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan di Indonesia yang cenderung meningkat jumlah penderitanya dan semakin luas penyebarannya. Penyakit ini dapat mengakibatkan kematian serta sering kali menimbulkan wabah. Obat untuk membasmi virus dan vaksin untuk mencegah penyakit Demam berdarah sampai saat ini belum ditemukan. Upaya pencegahan demam berdarah melalui metode pemberantasan sarang nyamuk adalah salah satu upaya pemberantasan penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue yang dilaksanakan dengan tepat guna oleh pemerintah dengan melibatkan perilaku masyarakat. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif yaitu untuk mengetahui bagaimana perilaku masyarakat dalam upaya pencegahan penyakit demam berdarah melalui metode pemberantasan sarang nyamuk di RW 02 Desa Karyalaksana Kecamatan Ibun kabupaten Bandung. Tehnik pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan random sampling yang melibatkan 32 kepala keluarga yang dijadikan responden dan alat pengumpul data dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisa dan dikategorikan dalam tingkat baik, cukup, kurang baik, dan tidak baik. Hasil yang di dapat dalam penelitian ini menggambarkan bahwa perilaku masyarakat dalam upaya pencegahan penyakit demam berdarah di RW 02 Desa Karyalaksana Kecamatan Ibun kabupaten Bandung sebagian besar baik. Pemberantasan sarang nyamuk dengan cara fisik 3M yaitu menguras, menutup, juga mengubur sebagian besar termasuk kategori baik.
IN VITRO EFFECTS OF ISOQUERCITRIN ON SELECTED VITALITY MARKERS OF BOVINE SPERMATOZOA
Authors: Benko Filip , Greifová Hana , Tvrdá Eva
Published: September 2019

The aim of this study was to evaluate the dose- and time-dependent in vitroeffects of isoquercitrin (ISO), a natural flavonoid with numerous biological properties on bovine spermatozoa during three different time periods (0 h, 2 h, 24 h). Bovine semen samples were diluted and cultivated in physiological saline solution containing 0.5% DMSO together with 200, 100, 50, 10, 5 and 1 μmol/L ISO. Spermatozoa motility was measured using the HTM IVOS CASA (Computer Assisted Semen Analyzer) system. The viability of spermatozoa was assessed by the metabolic (MTT) assay, production of superoxide radicals was quantified using the nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test, and chemiluminescence was used to evaluate the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The results of the movement activity showed a significant increase in the motility during long term cultivation in case of concentrationsranging between 5 and 50 μmol/L ISO (P<0.05; 24 h). At the same time, supplementation of several concentrations of ISO led to a significant preservation of the cell viability (P<0.05 in the case of 50 μmol/L, P<0.01 with respect to 1 and 5 μmol/L, and P<0.001 in relation to 10 μmol/L; 24 h). ISO addition at 10 and 50 μmol/L also provided a significantly higher protection against superoxide (P<0.05) and ROS (P<0.001) overgeneration after a 24 h cultivation. We may suggest that supplementation of ISO to bovine spermatozoa, particularly at concentrations ranging between 10 and 50 μmol/L, may offer protection to the motility, viability and oxidative status of the sperm cells, particularly notable at 24 h.
BREAST CANCER AND NON-CONVENTIONAL TREATMENTS: A MINI REVIEW
Authors: Ksouri Rihab
Published: September 2019

Cancer is a disease recognized as an uncontrolled multiplication and spread of abnormal forms of the body's own cells. It is incurable and a mortal disease, but recently, researches are developing and progressing in order to find a cure against this disease. Then attention is put on using and introducing herbal medicine due to their safety and effectiveness. A critical discussion is presented about the possible role of phototherapy of being a serious cure for some kind of cancer which includes breast cancer. This review article focuses on the current natural treatments available for breast cancer prevention, the management or even its treatment and the consequence of their use.
CYTOTOXIC POTENTIAL OF L-ASPARAGINASE FROM BACILLUS SP. IN VITRO
Authors: D'Souza Renita Maria , Abraham Asha
Published: September 2019

This study reports the cytotoxic potential of L-Asparaginase isolated from Bacillus sp. Bacillus sp. was isolated from local soil/water samples and identified by rapid plate assay and further confirmed by phenotypic characterization. Extracellular L- Asparaginase was isolated from broth culture of Bacillus sp.  and purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, followed by dialysis and ion exchange and gel filtration chromatography techniques. The purified enzyme was used to study the in vitro cytotoxic potential. Varying concentrations (31.25, 62.5, 125, 250, 500 µg/ml) of purified L-Asparaginase was tested on MCF7, HeLa, HepG2 and 3T3L1cell lines by MTT assay. Curcumin was maintained as a positive control. The results revealed that the enzyme showed a significant cytotoxic activity and a dose dependent effect. Minimum inhibition of (19.44%) was observed at an enzyme concentration of 31.25 µg/ml and maximum inhibition (71.14%) was observed at 500ug/ml against MCF7 cell line. Minimum inhibition of (10.04%) was observed at an enzyme concentration 31.25 µg/ml and maximum inhibition (68.92%) was observed at 500 µg/ml against HeLa cell line. Minimum inhibition of (7.45%) was shown at an enzyme concentration of 31.25 µg/ml and maximum inhibition (68.28 %) was observed at 500 µg/ml against HepG2 cell line. Minimum inhibition of (4.4%) was shown by enzyme concentration 31.25 µg/ml and maximum inhibition (47.4%) was observed at 500 µg/ml against 3T3L1 cell line. Curcumin at 5µM concentration showed an inhibition of 48.13% against MCF-7 cells, 54.42% against HeLa cells, 64.94% against HepG2 cells and 44.5% against 3T3L1 cell lines.
IN VITRO SCREENING OF CELL WALL DEGRADING ENZYME PRODUCTIVITY FROM FUNGAL CULTURE FILTRATES ON DEPROTEINISED PLANT FLUID BY CUP PLATE ASSAY
Authors: Jadhav Rajesh Khanduji
Published: September 2019

The present  study  purpose  is  to  evaluate  the  potentiality  of  the  Deproteinised  juice made  from  selected  plants to  induce  the  enzyme productivity  by growing  the   fungi  on  it. It  is  because, in  earlier  findings,  the   DPJ  was  found potential in  enhancing  fungi  and  the  plant  growth  when  used as  the  medium. The internal  factors  are  responsible in  DPJ  which induces  plants  and  fungi  growth.  During  the  process of  Green  Crop  Fractionation (GCF), the deproteinised (DPJ) obtained from  tissues of cabbage, beet, lucerne (Alfalfa), carrot and Anathum (Dill) forages left after leaf protein extraction employed as a medium for the cultivation of mycelial biomass of  Penicillium and Aspergillus fungi. The  mycelial  growth in vitro was  compared with the glucose nitrate medium. The culture filtrates were used to screen different secreted hydrolytic or  cell wall degrading  enzymes.. The agar ‘cup‐plate’ diffusion technique has been applied to the quantitative determination of enzyme activity, principally to amylase, cellulase and protease. With all enzymes so far examined, the relationship between diameter of zone over a wide range secreted quantitatively was  examined.  All fungi grew well on DPJ in comparison to their growth on glucose nitrate (GN) medium. Comparatively with  GN  medium, lucerne DPJ  was found having more mycelial cellular  proliferation.  When the fungi grown on different concentrations of substrates, enriched  with  carboxymethyl cellulose, casein and starch in deproteinised leaf extracts and GN medium, it  was found  that  there  was the enhancement in the mycelial dry weight  grown on  DPJ as compared with glucose nitrate medium. Penicillium showed more  yield of enzyme activities especially of  cellulases and amylases as compared to protease  by  cup  plate  method. There  was  enhancement of  mycelial  biomass when  the  concentrations  of  substrates increased  from  1%  to  2%,  while  there was no  change  in  the  activity  of  all enzymes  by  increasing  the  concentrations of  substrates. Activities  of the enzymes in vitro can be indicative of the pattern of organogenesis in callus cultures in  further  studies by  fungal  culture  filtrates  cultured  on   deproteinised fluid  medium.
ENERGY-AWARE SECURITY ROUTING PROTOCOL FOR WSN IN BIG-DATA APPLICATIONS
Authors: S Smys
Published: September 2019

The dense deployment of the wireless sensor networks has caused enormous data flow leading to a Big-Data generation. To enable a continuous transmission for the huge volume of data packets, it becomes necessary to readapt the routing protocol to facilitate the routing in handling the Big-data scenario. Since energy is the main constraint in the wireless sensor network, as the sensor are battery powered, and the routing methods consuming enormous of the energy for route discovery thereby reducing the network life time, many conventional methods were developed to address the problem of energy consumption with the, increased network latency, overhead, security issues and delay. So the paper proposes the energy-aware routing protocol that could handle the security issues, arising in the enormous data generation satisfying the QOS requirements. The node with substantial resources are selected to overcome the problems of energy consumption and the network life time handling the security issues , delay, network latency and the overhead problem. Further validation of the proposed method in the Network Simulator-3 is performed to evaluate the network latency, packet delivery ratio, throughput, power consumption, network lifetime and Cost.
A New Equal-area Isolatitudinal Grid on a Spherical Surface
Authors: Malkin Zinovy
Published: September 2019

A new method SREAG (spherical rectangular equal-area grid) is proposed to divide a spherical surface into equal-area cells. The method is based on dividing a sphere into latitudinal rings of near-constant width with further splitting of each ring into equal-area cells. It is simple in construction and use, and provides more uniform width of the latitudinal rings than other methods of equal-area pixelization of a spherical surface. The new method provides rectangular grid cells with latitude- and longitude-oriented boundaries, near-square cells in the equatorial rings, and the closest to uniform width of the latitudinal rings as compared with other equal-area isolatitudinal grids. The binned data is easy to visualize and interpret in terms of the longitude–latitude rectangular coordinate system, natural for astronomy and geodesy. Grids with an arbitrary number of rings and, consequently, a wide and theoretically unlimited range of cell size can be built by the proposed method. Comparison with other methods used in astronomical research showed the advantages of the new approach in the sense of uniformity of the ring width, a wider range of grid resolution, and simplicity of use.
Comparison between alluminium bioaccumulation in samples of the Muscovy duck Cairina moschata (Aves: Anatidae) from the city and the country
Authors: Galluzzo Francesco , Cumbo Valentina , Cammilleri Gaetano , Macaluso Andrea , Lo Dico Gianluigi , Vella Antonio , Ferrantelli Vincenzo , Seminara Salvatore
Published: September 2019

Cairina moschata (Linnaeus, 1758) is an anatid originating from South America, easily adapted to the European climate. In this work, we used blood and feathers samples from living individuals to evaluate the bioaccumulation of aluminum. The determination was performed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The analysis was conducted in the Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia with validated methods (accredited by ACCREDIA) for biodiversity monitoring and analysis of fauna samples. We tested 20 individuals of C. moschata, ten samples coming from a park in the city center of Palermo (Southern Italy, Parco D'Orleans) and ten from the field of Monreale (PA). Field samples showed a higher level of aluminum than city samples. Al median value determined in blood was ±4,27259 ppm and ±2,61815 ppm respectively for city and Monreale. In feathers, median value was ± 402,24218 for samples collected in city and ±1260,75603 for samples collected in Monreale. Despite our expectations, concentration levels were higher in countryside than in a park in the center city. This is probably due to the fact that the individuals that live in nature attend the reservoirs where pollutants are poured.
New data on Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Bulgaria
Authors: Katinova Boryana , Karadjova Olia , Ilieva Zhenya
Published: September 2019

The Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is considered to be one of the world’s most destructive fruit pests because of its global distribution, wide host range and rapid dispersal. In the period 1956–2006, transient populations of the pest have been reported regularly in Bulgaria. The Bulgarian Food Safety Agency (BFSA) initiated monitoring of C. capitata in 15 regions of the country. The surveys were conducted during the period 2013–2018, using Jackson traps with attractant trimedlure and Tephri traps with Biolure.

The presence of adults of C. capitata was confirmed in peach, apple and mixed orchards, as well as in private yards at five locations in southern and south-eastern Bulgaria: Blagoevgrad, Kyustendil, Pazardzhik, Plovdiv and Sliven. The results from the five-year monitoring showed a variable abundance of C. capitata adults captured in different years and localities. The highest mean captures were recorded in 2014 (195) and 2018 (422), no specimen of the C. capitata was found in 2017. In 2018 the most abundant captures were from fruit gardens in Plovdiv (297♀;65♂) and Sliven (18♀; 22♂). Over the entire study period, the lowest rate of adult captures was in July and August (only a few individuals in traps in each region).

The population abundance began to increase at the beginning of mid-September and a peak was observed at the beginning of mid-October. The results on the seasonal population fluctuations obtained are similar to data from neighbouring countries: northern Greece, Montenegro, Croatia, Romania, and Turkey.
Développement du secteur financier, chocs des termes de l’échange et volatilité de la croissance dans les pays à faible revenu
Authors: Kpodar Kangni , Le Goff Maëlan , Singh Raju Jan
Published: September 2019

Contribuant aux travaux de recherche existants, cet article porte sur l’étude du rôle potentiel de la structure du système financier – l’intermédiation financière se reposant sur les banques ou sur les marchés financiers – en matière de volatilité macroéconomique, dans le contexte d’une attention accrue portée au renforcement de la résilience. Les pays à faible revenu étant les plus vulnérables aux chocs majeurs et fréquents des termes de l’échange, notre étude porte sur un échantillon de 38 pays à faible revenu (PFR), sur la période qui s’étend de 1978 à 2012, et conclut que le développement du secteur bancaire agit comme absorbeur de chocs dans les pays pauvres, atténuant la propagation de l’impact des chocs des termes de l’échange sur la volatilité de la croissance. En élargissant notre échantillon à 121 pays en développement, nous confirmons ces résultats, bien que l’effet d’absorbeur de chocs s’atténue à mesure que les économies prospèrent. Au contraire, le développement du marché boursier ne semble agir ni comme absorbeur ni comme amplificateur de chocs dans la plupart des économies. Nos conclusions sont robustes à une série d’estimateurs économétriques, notamment au modèle à effets fixes, à la méthode de GMM en système et à la méthode de projection locale.
Les déterminants du renoncement aux soins pour raisons financières des étudiants – une analyse à partir de l’étude i-Share
Authors: Castry Mathieu , Wittwer Jérôme , Montagni Ilaria , Tzourio Christophe
Published: September 2019

Nos connaissances sur l’accès et le recours aux soins des étudiants en France sont très parcellaires, alors que la population étudiante est confrontée pour une partie d’entre elle à des situations de précarité économique. A partir de l’exploitation des données de l’étude i-Share ( Internet-based students health research enterprise ) cet article propose d’analyser les déterminants du renoncement aux soins pour raisons financières des étudiants français. Trois types de soins sont considérés : la consultation d’un médecin (généraliste ou spécialiste), celle d’un dentiste et l’achat de lunettes. Les résultats sont cohérents avec ceux de la littérature et suggèrent l’existence d’inégalités marquées d’accès aux soins au sein de la population étudiante. Les analyses réalisées montrent que l’avancée en âge des étudiants est liée à une plus forte probabilité de renoncer à des soins pour raisons financières. Elles mettent également en évidence que le renoncement financier est lié à un ensemble de variables caractérisant la situation matérielle, sociale et financière des étudiants (type de logement, activité rémunérée, aides financière de la famille, statut de boursier, etc.) Ces résultats invitent à évaluer l’impact à moyen et long terme de ces difficultés d’accès aux soins ainsi qu’à suggérer des politiques publiques adaptées, notamment en améliorant le recours des étudiants à leurs droits et à l’obtention d’une complémentaire santé. Classification JEL : I14, I13
Is there a Strategy in China’s Health Official Development Assistance to African Countries?
Authors: Guillon Marlène , Mathonnat Jacky
Published: September 2019

La Chine fait désormais partie des dix plus grands donateurs bilatéraux pour l’aide publique au développement (APD) en santé en Afrique. Notre objectif est d’étudier les facteurs associés à l’aide à la santé chinoise en Afrique sur la période 2006-2013. L’APD en santé de la Chine est mesurée à partir de la base de données « AidData’s Global Chinese Official Finance Dataset, 2000-2014, Version 1.0 ». Au total, 345 projets d’aide à la santé ont été financés par la Chine en Afrique entre 2006 et 2013 pour un montant total de 764 millions de dollars. L’aide à la santé chinoise apparait réactive aux besoins économiques des pays africains et indépendante de la qualité de leur gouvernance politique. Bien que la Chine semble favoriser les pays ayant une faible capacité à financer des projets en santé, l’aide à la santé chinoise n’est pas corrélée aux mesures directes de besoin en santé des pays africains. Nous ne trouvons pas de preuve forte que l’aide à la santé chinoise soit liée aux dotations en ressources naturelles des pays bénéficiaires. En revanche, nos résultats indiquent l’existence d’une association entre les liens commerciaux avec la Chine et le volume d’aide à la santé reçu par les pays africains. Enfin, nos résultats confirment que la Chine utilise son APD comme un instrument de politique étrangère. Classification JEL: F35, I15
Using Mobile Technology to Assess Balance During a Sit-to-Stand Maneuver Among Older Adults With Fall Risk: A Pilot Study
Authors: Gray-Miceli Deanna , Patel Neel , Sekar Akshaya , Smith Matthew Lee
Published: September 2019

Older adults age ≥65 are susceptible to balance impairment with subsequent reduced mobility and increased fall risk. Orthostatic hypotension or blood pressure drop with standing is a treatable condition associated with loss of balance and falls. To understand this phenomenon, the current project used an Android
®
device attached to participants' center of mass to determine body sway during a simple sit-to-stand maneuver, while researchers assessed participants' sitting and standing blood pressure and symptomology of dizziness. Analysis of study data from two older adult participants are presented illustrating the applicability for future development of a measure to assess balance during simple movements. The next step in the authors' research trajectory is to analyze larger samples using other computations of data provided by the inertial measurement unit sensing technology. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 45
(10), 18–23.]
L'épitaphe et la mémoire
Authors: Mathieu Nicolas
Published: September 2019

Fondé sur des monuments funéraires épigraphiques ou anépigraphes, cet ouvrage s'inscrit dans l'histoire sociale des trois premiers siècles de l'Empire romain. Le point de départ est un essai de définition de ce que représente l'épitaphe en tant que monument du souvenir, support d'informations entre les vivants et les morts et en conséquence véhicule de la mémoire. Pour y parvenir est étudié un corpus de plus de 700 attestations d'un vocabulaire spécifique de la parenté (ex. alumnus, genitor, nepta, etc.) et du vocabulaire de la famille nucléaire (pater, mater, frater, soror, etc.) selon trois axes : la construction du souvenir, la mémoire affichée, le miroir qu'elle offre pour soi-même et pour les autres. Au corpus d'épitaphes sont ajoutés également 51 arbres généalogiques (stemmata) reconstitués à partir des textes épigraphiques et une cinquantaine de photographies de monuments.Au fil des pages on observe la diversité dans l'expression écrite ou figurée de la parenté en tenant compte des différences locales, des degrés plus ou moins profonds d'accès à la romanité, des permanences culturelles antérieures à la conquête, le dialogue entre texte et image car lire, c'est voir. On comprend aussi les ressemblances ou les différences selon les couches sociales (citoyens, élites municipales, prêtres, affranchis, etc.) et, grâce à de nombreux exemples commentés, on décèle entre les lignes une nuance au conformisme ambiant ou comment l'expression de l'identité acquise n'est jamais figée. Dans les monuments funéraires, dire sa parenté témoigne de la volonté de manifester son identité romaine ou romanisée, non seulement lorsque l'on est déjà citoyen romain, mais aussi quand on a été pérégrin et que l'on est devenu citoyen romain.
A Highly Efficient Remote Access Trojan Detection Method
Authors: Jiang Wei , Wu Xianda , Cui Xiang , Liu Chaoge
Published: September 2019

Nowadays, machine learning is popular in remote access Trojan (RAT) detection which can create patterns for decision-making. However, most research focus on improving the detection rate and reducing the false negative rate, therefore they ignore the result of abnormal samples. In addition, most classifiers select several proprietary applications and RATs as their training set, which makes them difficult to adapt to the real environment. In this article, the authors address the issue of imbalance dataset between normal and RAT samples, and propose a highly efficient method of detecting RATs in real traffic. In the authors method, they generate eight features by combining the size, the inter-arrival and the flag from one packet sequence. Then, they preprocess the imbalance dataset and implement a classifier by XGBoost algorithm. The classifier achieves a false negative rate of less than 0.18%. Moreover, the authors demonstrate that their classifier is capable of detecting unknown RAT.
Applying Horner's Rule to Optimize Lightweight MDS Matrices
Authors: Bai Jian , Sun Yao , Li Ting , Wang Dingkang
Published: September 2019

This article is concerned with the problem of constructing lightweight MDS matrices. The authors present a new construction of 4 × 4 MDS matrices over GL(F2, m) for any integer m. They give sufficient and necessary conditions to determine whether the construction is an MDS matrix. Further, for any even number m ≥ 4, they construct lightweight MDS matrices in this structure. Applying Horner's rule to implement MDS matrices, the authors constructions need only 8+4×3×m XOR operations.
A Novel Behavior Steganography Model Based on Secret Sharing
Authors: Liu Hanlin , Liu Jingju , Yan Xuehu , Liu Lintao , Ding Wanmeng , Jiang Yue
Published: September 2019

This article proposes a novel behavior steganography model based on secret sharing, the main idea of which is to use secret messages as random elements in the secret sharing process to generate shadow images. Based on the introduced model and analyzing two secret image sharing algorithms — threshold secret image sharing (SIS) and threshold visual secret sharing (VSS), two specific behavior steganography schemes are presented, which are implemented by utilizing secret sharing behavior. In the embedding phase, the random selection behavior is employed to hide secret messages. In the extraction phase, when the secret image is recovered from shadow images, secret messages can also be extracted successfully. The contribution of the authors model is that two secret information transmission channels are opened, which provides a large amount of hidden capacity and has loss tolerance and so on. Experimental results and analyses demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. It has both good imperceptibility and large capacity, but the robustness of their scheme is poor.
Impact of Mood on Endothelial Function and Arterial Stiffness in Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Schmitz Samantha L. , Abosi Oluchi J. , Persons Jane E. , Sinkey Christine A. , Fiedorowicz Jess G.
Published: September 2019

Background:

Previous research on bipolar disorder demonstrates greater-than-expected vascular dysfunction later in the course of illness, proportionate to the cumulative burden of mood symptoms. However, little is known about the effect of acute mood states on vascular function. Here, we examine the relation between vascular function and mood state in individuals with bipolar disorder.

Materials and Methods:

This prospective study followed forty individuals with bipolar disorder for up to 6 months. The participants were assessed for mood state and vascular function at baseline, 2 weeks, and 6 months. Mood state was determined using the clinician-administered Montgomery–Šsberg Depression Rating Scale and Young Mania Rating Scale. Vascular function was assessed by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery, forearm vascular resistance (FVR), and arterial stiffness.

Results:

The participants had a mean age of 30.1 years, and 75% were male. Primary outcome measures such as FMD and nitroglycerine-mediated dilation were not found to have statistically significant associations with depressive or manic symptoms. In unadjusted models, higher manic symptoms were significantly associated with increased FVR nitroprusside-mediated dilation and diastolic blood pressure. In adjusted models, higher depressive symptoms were significantly associated with increases in augmentation index adjusted for heart rate of 75 bpm, and higher manic symptoms remained associated with increases in diastolic blood pressure.

Conclusion:

FMD may have limited sensitivity as a biomarker for measuring short-term effects of mood state. Long-term prospective studies are needed to clarify the temporal relation between chronic mood symptoms and vascular function in bipolar disorder.
Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients with Thoracic Aortic Disease
Authors: Małek Łukasz A.
Published: September 2019

The pathology of aortic dilatation is still not fully understood. Increased aortic dimensions are found in patients with hypertension, bicuspid aortic valve or various elastopathies, most commonly with Marfan syndrome. In general, there is only a mild adaptation of the aortic root to physical activity. Although there is no clear evidence that physical activity significantly influences aortic root size, individuals with thoracic aortic disease (TAD) are generally discouraged from engaging in sports activities. Most of them resign from sports and moves toward sedentary life with all of its consequences such as obesity, hypertension, and worsening lipid profile. There are also many sedentary individuals with TAD who had never even started any physical activity for the same reasons. Athletes who survived aortic dissection may also be stressed about regaining sports activity. On the other hand, there is mounting data on the potentially beneficial influence of mild-to-moderate exercise in patients with TAD. Therefore, a design of a comprehensive, monitored, cardiac rehabilitation program for patients with TAD, presented in the current manuscript, is highly warranted. It is based on an available data and should help both doctors and patients with TAD to overcome restrictions regarding the safety of sports activity. If proven successful, it may be used in the future for exercise prescription in patients with TAD in the community setting.
Distribution and social determinants of overweight and obesity: a cross-sectional study of non-pregnant adult women from the Malawi Demographic and Health Survey (2015-2016)
Authors: Mndala Leonard , Kudale Abhay
Published: September 2019

OBJECTIVES: Hitherto regarded as a public health issue of well-heeled nations, overweight and obesity have emerged as a problem of concern in developing nations. Although social and demographic factors are equally important as proximal lifestyle factors affecting health, their role is neither well researched nor well understood. We conducted a novel study to determine the distribution, prevalence, and social and demographic determinants of overweight/obesity in Malawi.METHODS: A population-based, quantitative cross-sectional study using data from the Malawi Demographic and Health Survey (2015-2016) was conducted among non-pregnant women aged 18-49 years. A total of 6,443 women were included in the analysis. Overweight/obesity, defined as a body mass index (BMI) ≥25.0 kg/m2 , was the main outcome variable. The analysis was done in SPSS version 20.0; after calculating descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was conducted to evaluate associations and determine odds.RESULTS: In total, 16.8% and 6.3% of women were overweight and obese, respectively (p<0.001). Overweight and obesity were more prevalent in urban than in rural areas. The BMI distribution among women varied across different background characteristics. Women from the Ngoni ethnicity were more likely to be overweight/obese than others (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14 to 2.08). Socioeconomic status (SES) and the age of the respondent were highly significant determinants that were strongly associated with being overweight/obese. The richest women were 3 times more likely to be overweight/obese than the poorest (aOR, 3.30; 95% CI, 2.46 to 4.43).CONCLUSIONS: Overweight and obesity were highly prevalent and significantly associated with increasing SES, age, and being from the Ngoni ethnicity. Holistic interventions should also focus on improving social determinants in order to entirely curb the epidemic.
Unveiling Ezumezu logic as a framework for process ontology and Yorùbá ontology
Authors: Ofuasia Emmanuel
Published: September 2019

Ezumezu, a prototype African logic, developed by Jonathan Chimakonam as a framework which mediates thought, theory and method in the African place, is according to him, extendable and applicable in places non-African too. This seems to underscore the universal character of the logic. I interrogate, in this piece, the logic to see if it truly mediates thought, theory and method in Yorùbá ontology (African) on the one hand, and process ontology (non- African) on the other hand. Through critical analysis, I discern that each of these thought systems operate beyond the principles of classical logic and this is one of the factors that have vitiated their appreciation and comprehension. Upon critical reflection, however, these thought systems seem to follow the principles of Ezumezu logic hence my aim – to disclose how the logic undergirds theory and method for each of those systems.Keywords: African Philosophy, Ezumezu Logic, Jonathan Chimakonam, Process Ontology, Yorùbá Ontology
Hountondji and Bachelard: pluralism as a methodological and phenomenological concept in approaching the cultural knowledge of Africa
Authors: Da Rocha Gabriel Kafure
Published: September 2019

This paper explores convergences and divergences in the thoughts of Gaston Bachelard and Paulin Hountondji and their notions of rational pluralism and true pluralism, respectively. There is a problematic in which for Bachelard rational pluralism can be comprehended as the various epistemological profiles to understand a scientific phenomenon, as well as the coherence that such theories have among themselves, while Huontondji is concerned with criticizing a collective ethnological view of philosophy and considers that the true pluralism is precisely the capacity of philosophical singularities that appropriate the history of philosophy. Using Hountondji's criticism to exemplify the pluralism in African philosophy, his references to Bachelard in [African philosophy - Myth and reality], and other texts, we hope to get a better understanding of the rupture between ‘developments’ and ‘new involvements’ that reconstruct the old knowledge synthesized out of old philosophical perspectives. Here, I look for transversal dialogues among the few references to Bachelard in Hountondji's philosophy to find new possibilities for dialogue and engagement from an African phenomenology perspective. Thus, we study links between European and African thought, so presenting a new perspective on studies of Bachelardian philosophy itself.Keywords: systems, phenomenology, pluralism, discontinuities, African philosophy, Hountondji, Bachelard