bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Change Trends and Corresponding Meteorological Character of Air Pollition in Beijing
Authors: Ding Hai Yan , Zhang Xiao Ling , Pu Wei Wei , He Di
Published: January 2011

Based on the monitoring data of air quality and meteorological data from 2003 to 2009 in Beijing, the change of air quality and pollutants concentration are analyzed, and their relationship with meteorological conditions are figured out. The results showed below.(1)The annual average value of API (Air Pollution Index) decreased from 2007 gradually, and the value of 2008 is equal to 86.3% of 2007. As to monthly changing trend of API, the value in April is highest, and is lowest in august. API in summer is lowest relatively in all-year, and it is worst in spring. (2)The pollutants concentration of PM2.5, SO2, NO2, and NOX showed decreasing trends from 2006 to 2009. The monthly changing trends of PM2.5, SO2, NO2, and O3 were different. The monthly average concentrations of NOX SO2, NO2 and NOX were lowest in July, while the high values appeared in different month.(3)Correlation between pollutant concentration and meteorological conditions are figured out: SO2, NO2 and NOX are negative related to temperature, wind speed and sunlight hours and positive related to humidity, while O3 is adverse. PM2.5 is well related to relative humidity and cloud cover. PM2.5, SO2, NO2 and NOX are all positive related to wind speed.(4)The air quality and pollutant concentration displayed significant in different under each wind direction. When north wind blows, the average value of API is lowest relatively and south wind is adverse. The concentration of PM2.5, SO2, NO2 and NOX are lower when Beijing is controlled by the north wind or north-west wind.
The Songhua River Chemical Pre-Oxidation of Potassium Permanganate
Authors: Zhao Zhi Wei , Li Jun Sheng , Zuo Jin Long
Published: January 2011

The use of potassium permanganate on the micro-pollutants in the Songhua River water for pre-oxidation, the results showed: potassium permanganate oxidation of organic compounds in water on the Songhua River (CODMn, UV254, TOC) has better removal effect; on cloud degree, have some ammonia removal; little effect on color removal. Potassium permanganate in neutral organic pollutants in the Songhua River water has a good removal.
Preliminary Research on the Detection and Control Technology of Indoor Air Pollution
Authors: Wang Yang , Zuo Jin Long , Jiang An Xi , Ma Zui Liang
Published: January 2011

The indoor air quality influences human body’s comfort and health seriously, and polluted indoor air will not only affect human’s health, but also decrease people’s work efficiency, therefore, the detection and control technology of indoor air pollution is the focus and difficulty of scientific research now. This paper introduces the current main pollutant and their hazard of indoor air in China first, then takes the eight houses in a plot of Huizhou city, Guangdong province as examples, and studies their indoor air pollution condition and reason by detecting and analyzing their pollutant contents. At the same time, some effective measures of precaution and control on indoor air pollution in China are proposed in the end of this paper.
Effect of Different Subculture Methods on Fruit-Body Yield of Cordyceps militaris
Authors: Xing Li Jun , Qiu Tian Lei , Zhang Qiong Qiong , Su Bing Hao , Wang Xu Ming
Published: January 2011

Different inoculation methods were employed in the process of the Cordyceps militaris subculture. The experimental results indicated that fruit-body yields of strains obtained by mycelium subculture using transfer needle were unstable, and the subcultures obtained by transferring mycelial cakes made by using a punching bear had the relatively high stability. Two kind of subcultures had a significant difference in fruit-body yield using one-way ANOVA analysis (P<0.05).
Flocculating Properties of the Novel Bioﬂocculant Poly(γ-Glutamic Acid) and its Use in Jean Dyeing Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Yang Ge , Ning Wang , Zhang Chao
Published: January 2011

We studied a novel bioﬂocculant poly(γ-glutamic acid) (PGA). With the addition of 4mg/L PGA (Mw=9×105Da) and 12 Mm CaCl2, the optimal temperature for ﬂocculation performance of PGA in the kaolin suspension was about 30°C, giving the highest ﬂocculating activity of 98%, respectively. Studies of the ﬂocculating properties revealed that it was stable at 30-90°C and pH 7-11. With treatment of jean dyeing wastewater flocculation, PGA showed that the color, COD, NH3-N, alkalinity and hardness removal ratios were 90%, 91.7%, 73.3%, 65 % and 86 %, respectively. Bioﬂocculant PGA may ﬁnd possible application as an alternative for textile dyeing industry and environmental bioremediation.
Preliminary Assessment on Environmental Impact of Mid-Long Term Railway Network Plan
Authors: Qu Guang Yi , Mao Guo Zhu , Dai Yong Li , Guo Jiang Hong , Wang Yao Wu
Published: January 2011

Based on characteristics of environmental impact of railway construction projects, the paper drew on experience of environmental impact assessment (EIA) projects, carried out preliminary EIA on China's mid-long term railway network plan from macro perspective according to planning requirements, and discussed the key points of EIA on guiding special planning.
Research on Knowledge Transfer among Food Supply Chain Members
Authors: Yi Jia Bin
Published: January 2011

A knowledge transfer process model among food supply chain members is proposed. The knowledge transfer performance is discussed with the methods of theoretical and quantitative analysis. The results show that the knowledge transfer among food supply chain members can be divided into three levels. An undirected weighted small-world network model can be used to evaluate the knowledge transfer performance among food supply chain members.
Objective Programming Approach to Food Supply-Chain Theory
Authors: Wang Qiang , Zhang Yu
Published: January 2011

Contemporary food supply chains are generating externalities with high economic and social costs, notably in public health terms through the rise in diet-related non-communicable disease.A decision making model of multi-product multi-stage food supply-chain consisted of single manufacturer and single supplier is proposed in this article. The model is proved to be superior and efficient through application example. Reasonable decisions are suggested by analyzing the solution of dual problem. The decisions could help members of food supply-chain get more profits.
Genistein Induced Apotosis in Human Gastric Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Liu Ying , Li Xiao Mei
Published: January 2011

The apoptosis in gastric cancer cells induced by genistein and the relationship between this apoptosis and expression of NF-κB and Caspase-3 were studied. In vitro experiments, MTT assay was used to determine the cell growth inhibitory rate. Transmission fluorescence microscope, transmission electron microscopy, DNA-fragment assay were used to qualitively detect the apoptosis status of gastric cancer line SGC-7901 before and after the genistein treatment. Immunohistochemical staining and Western Blotting were performed to detect the expression of gene NF-κB and Caspase-3. The results showed that genistein inhibited the growth of gastric carcinoma cell line SGC-7901 in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Genistein induced SGC-7901 cells to undergo apoptosis with typically apoptotic characteristics, including morphological changes of chromatin condensation, chromatin crescent formation, nucleus fragmentation and apoptotic body formation. Genistein could reduce the expression of gene NF-κB, and improve the expression of gene Caspase-3.
Study on the Application of Small-Size Wireless Network in Modern Model of Education
Authors: Zhang Bing , Cheng Tao
Published: January 2011

Since the 21st century, the rapid development of computer network technology has driven the new changes of all industries, of which institutes of higher education are the first to be affected, and a new revolution of methods of teaching and model of teaching has been started, namely, the wide application of modern educational technology. However, the new type model of teaching has suffered certain restrictions in the process of spread and exploitation due to the limitation of network access, and has not been fully utilized, which causes an unsatisfactory teaching effect. The expansion of network cabling requires a certain degree of economic strength, which is just generally deficient in all institutes of higher education. If depending on the wireless network infrastructure, we can connect variety of modern educational methods and network together under the premise of low cost investment so as to give full play to their important roles in teaching and create new mode of teaching for all institutes of higher education.
Application & Research of Multi-Media Network Technology in Chemistry Experimental Course
Authors: Cheng Tao , Zhang Bing
Published: January 2011

The rapid emergence of multi-media technology and internet technology is one of the typical characteristics during the information era, and their combination enables the carrier and transmission mode of modern knowledge and information to realize the leap in quality. The chemistry is one of the four fundamental courses of teaching system in the institutions of higher learning, but the chemical experiment is where the soul of chemical teaching lies. It is not merely the important means of making the students acquire the chemical knowledge, know the chemical rule, form the chemical concept and improve all sorts of capabilities, besides, the cultivation of the student’s creative spirit and ability in this process can not be replaced by other disciplines. However, in today’s chemical experimental class, the teaching effect of chemical experimental course is not perfect, because of the influence of experimental conditions, lab surroundings, time and other factors. By the design, the development and the utilization of multi-media network technology, the multimedia library, the video technology and the simulation technology, the teaching effect of chemical experimental course can be promoted to a large degree.
Preparation of Activated Carbons from Sewage Sludge and Removing Hydrogen Sulfide
Authors: Yan Bo , Jiang Wei , Li Fen , Gong Zhen Long , Jiang An Xi
Published: January 2011

The objective of this study was to use the surplus sludge from sewage treatment plant and prepare sewage sludge adsorbent in order to use the adsorbent to remove the hydrogen sulfide from sewage treatment plant. To eliminate the secondary pollution of sludge and odor, it is a strategy of controlling waste by waste and reclamation. Meanwhile, research the process and mechanism of adsorbent’s deodorization, pursue the possibility of the adsorbent’s practical application.
Size Distribution and Elemental Characteristics of Atmospheric Particles during Winter in Harbin
Authors: Huang Li Kun , Wang Guang Zhi
Published: January 2011

In order to investigate the characteristic of atmospheric particles, TSP, PM10 and PM2.5 were collected in winter and non-winter. This study investigates the size distribution and elemental characteristics of atmospheric particles. The results show that PM2.5 makes a great contribution to TSP, which changes with the concentration of TSP. PM2.5/ PM10 specially reaches the highest value, increased from 53.5% to 87.2%. It can indicate that the main pollution sources are fine particles from man-made pollution. Others, PM2.5/TSP and TSP are not strictly proportional relationship. The concentration of the elements in TSP is higher than in PM2.5, which are primarily present in coarse particles. While the contribution of S is the highest among them, in particular the contribution of S in PM2.5 reaches 33.8%. This is mainly due to coal-fired in winter, and fine particulate accounts for large percentage in coal dust.
Effect of Chlorine Dioxide on Decoloration of Reactive Dye
Authors: Wang Bin Song , Jin Lu , Cui Fu Yi , Zhang Jie
Published: January 2011

As an important oxidants, Chlorine dioxide was more useful in the decolorization of Reactive Red KE-3B, Reactive Blue KN-R, Reactive Red X-3B and Reactive Blue X-BR. It was found that the optimal pH=8，the optimal initial dosage of ClO2 and reaction time were 60 mg*L-1 and 15 min, respectively. The optimal reaction temperature of dyes were 80°C. Chlorine dioxide seems to be viable method for achieving significant decolorization of dying industry wastewater.
Study on Bioflocculant Effect on Treatment of Coke Plant Wastewater with Membrane Bioreactor
Authors: Zhan You , Zhang Fu Rong
Published: January 2011

In order to improve treatment efficiency of coke plant wastewater with membrane bioreactor, this paper has discussed the treatment efficiency of coke plant wastewater with membrane bioreactor and contamination of membrane after added bioflocculant. Results show that after 6 days running, effluent water goes to stable, all of the concentration of phenols is below 10 mg/L, average concentration of phenols in effluent water is 3.95mg/L, and the lowest is 1.11mg/L. The removal efficiency of phenols keep to 98.9% at the end of run，and the highest is 99.6%. Concentration of NH3-N is maintained at 10mg/L，removal efficiency is 95.8%. Removal efficiency of COD comes to 96.5%, and the concentration of COD in effluent water is 43mg/L. At the beginning, the Flux of membrane is 14.3ml/min. At the end of running, it is 7.3ml/min with bioflocculant added, and it becomes 6.9ml/min with no bioflocculant added, which indicates that there is no evident effect of bioflocculant added on membrane flux.
Evaluation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions for Leisure Hotels
Authors: Huang Yi Chin , Yang Shin Hao , Luo Chin Hsiang
Published: January 2011

According to the IPCC WGII Fourth Assessment Report, more than 89% of observational data series and studies are consistent with the greenhouse gas change, which is produced from human activities, as a response to global warming. In the previous point, the tourism and leisure industry is regarding as the non-smokestack industry. However, with an increase of leisure and tourism activities, the carbon dioxide emission and energy use have been growing. Recognizing these risks, the Agenda 21 for the Tourism and Travel Industry promulgated by the World Travel and Tourism Council, the WTO and the Earth Council addressed energy consumption as a key issue of concern. The buildings are a major part of the leisure industry. Therefore, this work aims to investigate the energy use and carbon emission of a hotel building, located in the middle of Taiwan, for four seasons. The consumption generated from each visitor activating in the building also were conducted. The results will be used as a reference for further investigations into the reduction of energy use and carbon emission in the leisure buildings. By investigation of proposed carbon neutral model, the willing price to pay is highly larger than both of the shifted and non-shifted prices. Most people has always inclined to pay for self-related GHG emission. Green development and sustainable operations in the leisure industry should be attended because the real costs of a green building are less than you think.
A New Flat-Sheet Submerged Membrane Photoreactor (FSMPR) for the Removal of Humic Acid in Water
Authors: Wei Yong , Li Xuan , Dong Liang Fei , Dong Bing Zhi
Published: January 2011

The study focuses on the degradation humic acid (HA) by a hybrid system combining a flat-sheet submerged membrane module and a photocatalysis reactor (FSMPR). The influences of UV irradiation intensity, titanium dioxide (TiO2) and initial humic acid concentration, pH, H2O2 dosage were investigated in batch kinetic tests. and the relevant dynamic analysis was carried out. The transmembrane pressure (TMP) with time under the range of constant flux operation (20-40L/m2h) does not increase obviously. It was also found that aeration backflush availably reduced TMP of the FSMPR. Therefore, the FSMPR can be potentially applied in drinking water treatment.
Recycling to Soils: a Sustainable Way of Sludge Disposal and its Practice in China
Authors: Cao Xiang Sheng , Meng Xue Jing , Meng Xue Zheng
Published: January 2011

With the booming construction of sewage treatment plants aiming at environmental protection, China has to face an emerging urgent task to address the sludge treatment and disposal problem. However there is a big controversy in China about the sludge treatment and disposal strategies. Some scientists suggest incinerating, while others insist on landfilling. In this paper, from the perspective of sustainable development and cyclic economy, a detailed analysis of nutrients cycle mainly related to nitrogen and phosphate before and after industrialization was made and a view that sludge should go back to soils to re-establish a sound nutrients cycle was put forward. Then the feasibility for sludge recycle to soils was discussed and some land application methods for sludge were introduced. At last, a successful case of producing compounded fertilizer from dewatered sludge in Northeast China was described in detail.
The Application of Peracetic Acid and Sodium Percarbonate in Green Production Processing of Ramie
Authors: Liu Guo Liang , Cui Qi Lu , Yu Chong Wen
Published: January 2011

The drawbacks of traditional chemical degumming for raw ramie are long process line, huge energy consumption, with large environment pollution, and low efficiency. Therefore, an attempt has been made to carry out degumming of ramie with an eco-friendly chemical namely, peracetic acid and sodium percarbonate in this communication. Compared with the traditional chemical degumming process, the oxidation degumming process with the characteristics of environment-friendly production technology is short process, less pollution, low energy consumption and high production efficiency and so on. Meanwhile, the hydrolysis products of peracetic acid and sodium percarbonate do a little harm to the environment. Tenacity, fineness, and breaking elongation of degummed samples were determined by standard methods. The results were confirmed through COD, pH, colority, SEM, tensile properties etc. The performance of peracetic acid degumming and sodium percarbonate degumming were also compared with conventional chemical degummed fiber. In addition, the COD, pH value, colority of degumming solution is greatly reduced using oxidation degumming process, environmental pollution and sewage treatment costs are significantly reduced.
Conditions Influencing Struvite Precipitation from Anaerobic Sludge Digestion Filtrate in a Batch Reactor
Authors: Cao Xiang Sheng , Meng Xue Zheng , Wang Yin Zhong
Published: January 2011

Struvite precipitation in sludge dewatering filtrate was achieved in a lab-scale sequencing batch reactor. The influence of the operational conditions on the struvite precipitation process has been studied. These operational conditions include stirring rate of the reactor, reaction time and sedimentation time. Experiments indicated that stirring rate of the reactor within 50 rpm to 250 rpm had no strong influence on the formation of struvite. As reaction time increased, there was a slight positive effect on the removal of Mg2+, NH4+ and PO43-. Suggested reaction time is 40-80 minutes based on our experiments. In order to obtain the lower turbidity and the lower PO43- concentration in the decanting filtrate of the batch reactor, the minimum sedimentation time should be more than 30 minutes.
Research of Photocatalytic Degration of Pesticide with Sulfonated β-Cyclodextrin
Authors: Liu Zhi Bin , Yang Chao , Zhao Shou Chun
Published: January 2011

Cyclodextrin played an important role in environmental protection in recent years.Application of cyclodextrins in enviroment science upon aspects;enrichment and removal of organic pollutants and heavy metals from soil,water,and atmosphere. β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) can be linked when it was sulfonation-modified.A convenient method of photocatalytic degradation of pesticide in lab by self-designed photocatalytic equipment was proposed based on analysis and comparison of different methods used to determine pesticide. The effects of illumination,reaction time,and pesticide concentration were analyzed. The results showed that the photodegradation of monocrotophes increased 2.08-2.86 times in the presence of 20g/L and 40g/L sulfonated β-cyclodextrin.In addition,the photodegradation of omethoate increased 1.8-2.2 times in the presence of 40g/L sulfonated β-cyclodextrin. The light activation were caused by the formaton of inclusion complexes of monocrotophes with sulfonated β-cyclodextrin. It was found that the method was simple and paid lower costs; and it could be used in lab for the photo-catalytic degradation of pesticide.
In Vitro Studies on the Radical Scavenging Activity of Hulless Barley Pigment
Authors: Zhao Tao , Yang Hong , Li Yong Feng , Xu Jing Li , Yu Mao Qun
Published: January 2011

In the present study, the in-vitro scavenging activities of hydroxyl, superoxide anion and DPPH radical of hulless barley pigment were studied. The results indicated that hulless barley pigment had excellent radical scavenging activity which was equivalent to the standard antioxidant, vitamin C. It was found that the radical scavenging effect of hulless barley pigment is gradually strengthened along with the increasing of concentration. In the range of test concentration, the maximum scavenging rate of the pigment to hydroxyl, superoxide anion and DPPH radical was 92.9%, 90.6% and 88.3% and the IC50was 4.2, 5.0 and 1.6 mg/L, respectively. Moreover, the scavenging velocity of hulless barley pigment was examined. It was observed that the radical scavenging activities of hulless barley pigment also increased with reaction time. These results suggested that colored hulless barley can be used for a new source of natural pigment with antioxidant activity.
Plant Regeneration in Sorbus. pohuashanenesis Hedl by Somatic Embryogenesis
Authors: Yang Ling , Li Yu Hua , Shen Hai Long
Published: January 2011

Somatic embryogenesis was obtained by using immature zygotic embryos of S. pohuashanesis as explants and emblings were obtained. For induction of somatic embryos, immature zygotic embryos which 30 days old after pollination were cultured on solid MS medium with 1.0 mg•L-1 NAA, 0.1 mg•L-1 6-BA, 500 mg•L-1casein hydrolysate (CH) and 40 g•L-1 sucrose . Inducted somatic embryos were cultured in solid MS medium containing 500 mg•L-1CH and 40 g•L-1 sucrose. After 30 days of culture, many normal cotyledonary embryos were produced. Plantlets were regenerated when somatic embryos were transferred to MS medium with 30 g•L-1 sucrose. The somatic embryos germinated at a germination frequency of approximately 80%, but rate of the plantlets that successfully acclimated and continued growing was 40% in the greenhouse.
FAHP Based Comprehensive Evaluation System of Water Environment Security
Authors: Dai Qian Qian , Liu Jun Liang , Zhang Tie Jian
Published: January 2011

The evaluation system of water environment security is improved by using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) in determining weights of various factors of the system. First, priority judgment matrix is FAHP uses three-scale method to construct and then fuzzy consistency judgment matrix is obtained. It overcomes many shortcomings of traditional AHP, such as the difficulty to scale when assigning weights, the need to conduct consistency testing, a large amount of calculation and low accuracy of calculation. It is effective and reasonable in the evaluation of water environment security.
A Novel once-through Process for Methanol and DME Synthesis from Syngas
Authors: Luan You Shun
Published: January 2011

A novel process for methanol and dimethyl ether(DME) synthesis was developed, in which two methanol-synthesis fixed-bed reactors were followed by an identical one for DME synthesis with cooling sections in between. Self-made Cu-Zn-Al catalyst for methanol synthesis and DME synthesis were used in this process. Tests of catalysts showed that both of them had activity and favorable stability and wound be capable of long-term industrial operation under the conditions. The investigation of processing parameters and stability led us safely to ensure the optimal condition: T1-200oC,T2-190 °C,T3-210 °C,5Mpa,total Space Velocity-1000h-1(T1,T2,T3 defined as temperature of catalytic beds in three serial reactors). Under that the catalytic system kept stable during the investigated hours.
Improvement of Wastewater Treatment Efficiency and Deodorization by Side-Stream Humus Soil Activated Sludge Process
Authors: Liu Zhi Xiao , Ma Bao Ling , Zuo Jin Long
Published: January 2011

In wastewater treatment system, the humus soil activated sludge process is to culture microorganisms by setting the natural humus soil composite mineral filter to simulate natural soil growing conditions. After enriched and activated in the cultivation tank, the microorganisms with specific functions return to different position of activated sludge process and achieve enhanced operational performance. The project results showed the process could enhance the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus, reduce sludge production, improve sludge dewatering property and achieve odor elimination.
Preparation of LiCoO2 from Cathode Materials of Spent Lithium Ion Batteries
Authors: Gu Fang , Nie Qian
Published: January 2011

Preparation of LiCoO2 cathode materials from spent lithium ion batteries are presented. The processes contain reduction, separation, precipitation, regeneration. The optimum conditions of recovery are: the calcination temperature is 500°C, the volume rate of sulfuric acid and the water reaches 0.375, the hightest leach-ing rate of cobalt is 43.53%. According to the solubility of oxalate, ammonium oxalate is choiced as precipitation agent. The investigation of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), charge-discharge testes at voltage ranges rate from 2.8V to 4.2V versus Li , 0.2 C rate are performed. The results reveal that the regenerative LiCoO2 is pure phase, initial discharge capacity is 128.63 mAh•g-1, after 50 cycles the discharge capacity is 118.61 mAh•g-1, capacity retention rate is 92.21%. The regenerative LiCoO2 exhibits excellent electrochemical performance and stability. The materials may find promising applications in lithium ion batteries.
Experimental Study on the Ammonium Ion-Exchange Material and its Removal of Ammonia Nitrogen from Water
Authors: Liu Qiong Qiong , Tan Xin , Zhao Lin
Published: January 2011

Washed kaolin produced in Maoming, Guangzhou was used as the raw material and NaOH and NaAlO2were used as the modifiers to prepare a high-performance deaminating material by providing kaolin with sodium-type exchange groups through modification and calcination. Then the ammonia ion exchange capacity of this material was studied by means of Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC) determination. Research has also been done on the conditions for the preparation of this material, the factors that influence the result of the removal of ammonia nitrogen from water by this material, and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate of this material. In this study , an extruding-rounding process to make the powder material into 1-2mm grains and studied the forming process of the grains. Research results show that: The ammonia exchange capacity of the prepared material was greater than 70 mg NH4+-N/g. Laboratory static ammonia nitrogen experiment showed that the high-performance ammonia deaminating material could remove 90% of the ammonia nitrogen from water and were qualified for the removal of ammonia nitrogen in water treatment processes. Through the establishment of Pseudo-first reaction kinetic model and Pseudo-second reaction kinetic model of modified of kaolin absorption on NH4+, we can see that the adsorption of ammonia nitrogen in water by this ammonium ion-exchange material matches the pseudo-second-order reaction.
Paraffin /Poly(methyl methacrylate) Blends as Form-Stable Phase Change Materials for Thermal Energy Storage
Authors: Tong Xiao Mei , Zhang Min , Song Ling , Ma Pan
Published: January 2011

A series of paraffin /poly (methyl methacrylate) blends were prepared as new kinds of form-stable phase change materials by encapsulation of paraffin into PMMA. The blends were prepared at different mass fractions of paraffin. The form-stable paraffin /PMMA blends were characterized using optic microscopy (OM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Thermal characteristics were measured by using thermo gravimetric analysis （TGA） and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique. On the basis of all results, it was concluded that paraffin is encapsulated by PMMA. The blends have good thermal properties and degrade in two distinguishable steps. They have good energy storage capacity and melt at 58-60 °C.The blends have different degrees of hydrophobic. These form-stable paraffin /PMMA blends have important potential for some practical latent heat thermal energy storage applications.
Research on Technology Applying of Dip Aluminizing Corrugated Board Furniture
Authors: Zhou Yi , Wang Feng Hu
Published: January 2011

Based on the notion of environment-friendly design, low-carbon production and sustainable economic development, this paper developed the dip aluminizing corrugated board furniture technology with the application of vacuum magnetron sputtering dip aluminizing. Hence it got the green material for corrugated board furniture and made it possible to produce the novel and amazing furniture to satisfy the great economic and social requirements. As the shortage of timber resources, all countries attach great importance to rational use of limited resources for furniture design and manufacturing. Corrugated board furniture have formed a new trend because it has the following features, replaced paper, green, raw materials economy, easy to process, product utility and so on. The dip aluminizing corrugated board furniture embodies green furniture ideas; has become a useful exploration of innovation and improvement, and actively promoting the development of furniture design and manufacture of green design.
Reactivity Ratio of Emulsion Copolymerization of Fluorinated Gaseous Monomers-Vinylidene Fluoride and Hexafluoropropylene
Authors: Xie Zhong , Zhuang Qi Xin , Liu Xiao Yun , Qian Jun , Han Zhe Wen
Published: January 2011

The apparent reactivity ratios of hexafluoropropylene (HFP)/vinylidene fluoride (VDF) emulsion copolymerization were studied by nonlinear fitting according to the copolymer composing equation, which, according to the calculation, are 1.88 and 0.86 respectively. The constitution of mixed gaseous monomers was measured through the gas chromatography. The copolymer compositions before and after reaction were measured by 19F-NMR. The calculated contents of VDF and HFP have nice accordance with the results from 19F-NMR analysis, which demonstrates that the method reported here is fairly reliable, and shed a light on the industry-scale consideration for the emulsion copolymerization of HFP and VDF.
Research on the Performance of Poly-High-Ferric-Silicic Coagulant and Lead Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Tan Juan , Yu Yan Zhen , Sun Yong
Published: January 2011

Ploy-high-ferric-silicic coagulant was prepared using the fly ash extract and potassium ferrate. The flocculation process of treatment lead wastewater by this coagulant with various Si/FeO42- ratios and salt-basicity at different pH and dosage were studied by jar test. The results showed that color, turbidity and Pb2+ removal efficiency are excellent and treatment effects are stable in treatment lead wastewater, especially the removal of Pb2+ has been up to 96% more. The comparison on coagulation between poly-high-ferric-silicic and other coagulants, the poly-high-ferric-silicic dosage is low and adapt to a wide PH. Therefore, by comparison, the poly-high-ferric-silicic is a superior coagulant in lead wastewater treatment.
Influence of Semiconducting Electrodes on Dielectric and Pyroelectric Properties of Ferroelectric Thin Films
Authors: Chen Hui , Cheng Tia Min
Published: January 2011

The dielectric and pyroelectric properties of ferroelectric thin films coated with two semiconducting electrodes are studied in the frame work of Ginzburg-Landau-Devonshire theory. Due to the depolarization effect produced by the surface polar charges cannot be completely screened, the contribution of the semiconducting electrodes is included in the free-energy functional. The dielectric susceptibility and the pyroelectric coefficient are calculated respectively as functions of temperature and film thickness. A comparison with the results of investigations performed for perfectly conducting electrodes shows that the effects of semiconducting electrodes can induce a transition from the ferroelectric phase to paraelectric phase, changing the phase transition from the second order to first order, and greatly improving the dielectric susceptibility and pyroelectric coefficient.
A Technological Study on Friction Stir Blind Rivet Jointing of AZ31B Magnesium Alloys and High-Strength DP600 Steel
Authors: Zhang Chang Qing , Wang Xi Jing , Li Bo Qiang
Published: January 2011

Friction stir blind riveting (FSBR) is a new joining process which eliminates the need to predrill a hole for rivet insertion. Lap joint friction stir blind riveting the plates made of high strength steel DP600 (1 mm) and magnesium alloys AZ31B(3 mm) with different technological parameters was carried out. This study experimented with the strength and the morphology of the joint with different rotation speed and feet rates of the spindle rivet, and which material on bottom or top. The main results obtained are as follows: FSBR’s process of steel and magnesium alloy plate was quickly and successfully achieved. The maximum shear strength of the joint reached about 6.3KN and the fracture path was along the shank of rivet. When Mg plate is on top of the other, the spindle speed is 2,200rpm, and along with the increase of the feed rates, the gap of plates is decreased, the strength of joint is increased. When steel plate is on top layer, the spindle speed at 2,200rpm, the rivet can then plug into the plates with a feed rate at least 600mm/min, and the joint shear strength will become higher.
Spontaneous Crystallization Behavior of Phosphosilicate Glasses
Authors: Liu Shu Jiang , Zhang Yan Fei
Published: January 2011

We studied the spontaneous crystallization behavior for 60.5SiO2-2.5Al2O3-3P2O5- 18Na2O-16RMgO-16(1-R)CaO system glasses during cooling of melts through changing the relative content of alkaline-earth oxides. Such compositional variation leads to the formation of different crystalline phases, as well as different degree of crystallization, with the help of X-ray diffraction (XRD), heat capacity (Cp) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It is found that the obtained glasses are opalescent due to formation of orthorhombic NaCaPO4 during cooling when R≤0.5, and the degree of crystallization increases with substituting MgO for CaO. On the other hand, the spontaneous crystallized phases is hexagonal NaCaPO4 for R=0.75 and is Na2MgSiO4 for R=1.0, respectively, and besides, the appearance become transparent.
Experimental Study on the Properties of Modified PSA Fiber after Corrosion
Authors: Yuan Xin Yan , Shen Heng Gen , Wang Zhen Hua
Published: January 2011

In order to improve the reliability of PSA in industrial furnaces corrosion condition, tests are made in different concentration of PTFE emulsion to modify PSA fiber, and experiments are conducted on the comparison of corrosion resistance before and after modification. The results show that: the mechanics properties of PSA fiber decline after the modification with PTFE emulsion, but the corrosion resistance is obviously improved. There will be rising phenomenon of the mechanical properties of the fiber after corrosion treatment by 15% PTFE emulsion initially. The improvement of corrosion resistance of modified PSA fiber has certain relationship with the concentration of PTFE emulsion. In alkaline corrosive environment, the corrosion resistance of modified PSA fiber has a certain proportional relationship to the concentration of PTFE emulsion. In acid corrosive environment, there exists a optimal value of the concentration of PTFE emulsion. The modified effect of the concentration of 5% and 10% PTFE emulsion is better than that of 15%. This shows that the PSA must be dealt against corrosion when used in industrial furnaces with high temperature, high humidity and the corrosion condition. Dipping with PTFE emulsion is a very effective method.
Study of Dry Sliding Friction and Wear Characteristic of High-Speed Steel / 40CrMoA Steel under Direct Steady Magnetic Field
Authors: Wei Yong Hui , Zhang Yong Zhen , Chen Yue
Published: January 2011

The influence of DC steady magnetic field on dry-sliding Friction and wear characteristics of friction pair of high-speed steel (HSS) ring and 40CrMoA pin is studied by use of improved MPV-1500 type Friction and wear tester under normal temperature. Experiments show that, The wear loss of both HSS ring and 40CrMoA pin decreases gradually, along with the enhancement of the magnetic field intensity, under the load of 250N and the friction velocity of 0.6m/s; The wear loss of the sample HSS ring keeps low comparing with that of the sample 40CrMoA steel pin; The trend of friction coefficients decreases quickly and then slowly; Magnetic field can accelerate oxidization; Oxidation and adhesion occur mainly in friction surface.
Preparation and Properties of Sepiolite Thermal Storage Composites
Authors: Jiang Da Hua , Li An Gui , Shi Fa En , Ren Ru Shan
Published: January 2011

Natural sepiolite composites and selected sepiolite composites were prepared in liquid phase by intercalation, and the properties of composites were characterized by test analysis of TG/ DTA, SEM, XRD. Results show that a wide range of endothermic peak is between 30.0~ 40.0°C, their advisable scope of phase change temperature is 3.81°Cand 4.4°C respectively.LA-SA content in two kinds of sepiolite composites attain 42.3 wt% under the best component condition, their modified temperature is 80°C and room temperature respectively. The weight loss of the composites is no more than 2.0 wt% among phase change temperature. Two kinds of modified sepiolite as carrier have little effect on properties of composites, LA-SA content does more. A large amount of LA-SA is adsorbed effectivelly into internal pores or surfaces of modified sepiolite. In view of cost and resource,natural sepiolite has advantages over selected one. This research provides prospective applicaiton foundation for energy-saving building thermal storage composites.
Determinants of Entrapment of R-Phycoerythrin within Ployeletrolyte Microcapsules
Authors: Li Ye , Zhang Heng Jian
Published: January 2011

Micrometer sized polyelectrolyte capsules have been fabricated by employing the layer-by-layer adsorption technique on charged colloidal particles with subsequent decomposition and removal of the core. Based on the permeable properties of capsules, the fluorescent proteins, R-Phycoerythrins are used to examine protein load behaviors. The loading of R-PE on capsules depends on intramolecular electrostatic attraction and intermolecular repulsion interaction. The loading rules on positively charged capsules (PSS/PAH)4and negatively charged capsules (PSS/PAH)4PSS are different, although R-PEs demonstrates the largest load capacity around isoelectric point, which is almost independent of surface charge of the capsules. In the case, driving force of encapsulation of protein into the capsule is hydrophobic mainly, while the fluorescent protein is absorbed on the shell of positively charged capsule (PSS/PAH)4. However, the R-PE was completely encapsulated into negatively charged capsules (PSS/PAH)4PSS. Therefore, compared to the positively charged capsules, negatively charged capsules is more favorable to macromolecules permeating into the capsule interior. Based on the Freundlich model, it can be concluded that capsules take up proteins on surface by multilayer adsorption.
Effect of Indoor Woodiness Microenvironment on Female Rats Growth
Authors: Liu Jia , Kong Xian Chao , Xu Min , Li Jian
Published: January 2011

This study aimed to explore different indoor woodiness microenvironment for the growth of female rats, especially investigate the harmful levels of formaldehyde and benzene to female rats .The rats were divided into six groups, raised in six different microenvironments, including Korean pine box painted with Alkyd varnish, Korean pine box without Alkyd varnish, ordinary particleboard box, surface decorated particleboard box, particleboard box besmeared with formaldehyde and plastic box, then food consumption, water consumption and weight were measured, behavioral activity of rats were observed and recorded in the 28-day feeding cycle. The results showed that: Rats could not grow normally in the particleboard box besmeared with formaldehyde, Korean pine box without Alkyd varnish could play a positive role for the rats growth. There was less adverse effects on fats in surface decorated wood material microenvironment.
Synthesis and Properties of the Dendritic Tetrameric Surfactants
Authors: Li Jie , Chen Qiao Mei , Tong Wei
Published: January 2011

The dendritic tetrameric quaternary ammonium surfactants of tetrachloride•tetra [(2-hydroxyl-3-dodecyldimethylammonium) propyl] ethylenediamine (4C12AC) was synthesized by the ring-opening reaction with epichlorohydrin and ethylenediamine, then by the quaternization reaction with dodecyldimethylamine. The surface tension measurements of 4C12AC give low critical micelle concentrations (cmc), great efﬁciency in lowering the surface tension, and strong adsorption at air/water interface. The adsorption and corrosion inhibition of 4C12AC on the N-80 steel surface in 20% HCl solution were studied using the weight loss, electrochemical polarization at 25°C. The results indicate that 4C12AC as a mixed-type inhibitor has good inhibition effect on corrosion process, and increasing inhibition efﬁciency with the increase of the concentration of 4C12AC.
Reproduction Techniques for Hardwood Cutting of Tilia amurensis
Authors: Yang Li Xue , Wang Hai Nan , Shen Hai Long
Published: January 2011

Tilia amurensis is one of the most valuable broad-leaved trees in northeast China. It is very important to study cutting because T. amurensis seeds have dormancy characteristics, which caused a great obstacle for its propagation. In this study, the effect of different factors and levels on rooting rate of T. amurensis cuttings were investigated by a orthogonal design (L1645). The age of cutting, hormone concentration and matrix all affected rooting rate, among which matrix was the main factor, followed by ages of the mother tree and the hormone concentration. From three to four years old cuttings treated with a hormone concentration of 1.0 × 10-4and cultured in vermiculite and sand could get higher rooting rate. The best combination of treatments was to use 3-4a aged cuttings treated with IAA(1.0×10-4) and dig into the sand for 16h, which rooting rate got to 63.3%.
Preparation, Characterization and Properties Evaluation of Buprofezin Nanocomposites Obtained by Polyelectrolytes Assembly
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Chi De Fu , Yu Jia
Published: January 2011

Buprofezin (BPF) microcrystals were directly encapsulated with nature polysaccharides chitosan (CHI) and sodium alginate (ALG) through layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly. The coated colloids were characterized using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The surface of the coated microcrystal was smoothened and the coating was uniform. Different concentrations of the ALG, CHI, BPF and CaCl2 were selected as the influencing factors, and then, the microcapsules were optimized by orthogonal experiment. The size distribution of microcapsules was determined by Laser Diffraction Size Analyzer. It showed statistically normal distribution. The average diameter of BPF was 1.5m. The encapsulation efficiency of the BPF loaded microparticles was about 67.2±0.73%. The drug loading content was about 66.7±0.31% after encapsulated. The in vitro release experiments revealed that the polyelectrolytes prolonged the release time of the encapsulated BPF microcrystals.
Preparation and Sound Absorption Property of Al-Si12 Alloy Foam Core Muffler
Authors: Wang Ying Wu , Zuo Xiao Qing , Chen Xian Ning
Published: January 2011

Al-Si12 alloy foams were fabricated by filtration method, and the Al-Si12 alloy foam core mufflers were made by using the fabricated Al-Si12 alloy foams. The preparation and sound absorption property of Al-Si12 alloy foam core muffler has been studied. The results show that sound absorption property of Al-Si12 alloy foam core muffler increases with the decreasing of pore diameter and the widening of the pore diameter range of Al-Si12 alloy foam core. Being superior to conventional sound-absorbing materials core mufflers, Al-Si12 alloy foam core muffler especially fits in noise control in hot, wet, and open-air environments.
The Effect of Fluorescent Whitening Agent on the Coated Ink-Jet Printing Paper
Authors: Gao Wen Hua , Chen Ke Fu , Yang Ren Dang , Yang Fei , Chen Xiao Bin
Published: January 2011

Fluorescent whitening agent is relatively small dosage in the coating, but it has great influence on the properties of the coating and ink-jet printing qualities. With the increase of fluorescent whitening agent dosage, the PH of the coating rose but the viscosity was hardly to change. The brightness of coated ink-jet printing paper and color density of the printing image firstly presented the trend of increasing then decreasing. What’s more, when the brightness of the coated paper achieved to the maximum, color density and contact angle properties were the largest. Chromatic aberration property of the image reduced from 1.87 to 1.75, when the addition of fluorescent whitening agent rose from 0.1% to 0.5%. While the dosage was rose to 0.9%, chromatic aberration increased to 2.15. The gloss of coated paper decreased with the dosage of fluorescent whitening agent increasing. In sum, fluorescent whitening agent can enhance the brightness of the coated paper as well as the printing properties. The results show that the best brightness and printing qualities of coated ink-jet printing paper are obtained, when the fluorescent whitening agent is 0.5%( relative to pigment).
Investigation of Fabrication and Microstructure of the Fe3Al Intermetallics Compounds Bulks by Hot-Pressing Process
Authors: Jiang Tao
Published: January 2011

The Fe3Al intermetallics compounds bulks were fabricated by hot-pressing process in this research. The Fe3Al intermetallics compounds powders were fabricated by mechanical alloying and heat treatment process. The phase composition and microstructure of the Fe3Al intermetallics compounds powders produced by mechanical alloying and heat treatment were investigated. The phase composition and microstructure of the Fe3Al intermetallics compounds bulks produced by hot-pressing process were investigated. The XRD patterns results showed that the Fe-Al intermetallics compounds powders were fabricated by mechanical alloying for 60h. Then the Fe3Al intermetallics compounds powders were fabricated by heat treatment at 800°C and 1000°C. The microstructure showed that the mean particles sizes of the Fe-Al intermetallics compounds powders produced by mechanical alloying decreased remarkably with the increase of milling time. The microstructure showed that the mean particles size of the Fe3Al intermetallics compounds powders produced by mechanical alloying for 60h and heat treatment was rather fine and about 4-5μm. The Fe3Al intermetallics compounds bulks were fabricated by hot-pressing process at 1100°C for 2h under the pressure of 35MPa. The XRD patterns results showed that there existed only Fe3Al intermetallics compounds phase in the sintered bulks. The Fe3Al intermetallics compounds bulks exhibited the homogenous and compact microstructure. The mean particles size of the Fe3Al intermetallics compounds was rather fine and about 2-3μm. The relative density of the Fe3Al intermetallics compounds sintered bulks was about 99.2%. So the Fe3Al intermetallics compounds bulks with the high relative density were fabricated by hot-pressing process.