bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Toplumsal Cinsiyet Ayrımcılığının Yarattığı Engeller: Çalışma Yaşamında Varolmaya Çalışan Kadın
Authors: BAYAT İrep , BAYKAL Beril
Published: January 2022

Tarihsel süreçte neredeyse tüm toplumlarda kadınlar ve erkekler ekonomik, toplumsal ve siyasal katılım açısından eşit fırsatlara sahip olamamıştır. Bu eşitsizliğin en önemli nedenlerinden biri kadın ve erkeğin toplumdaki rolü ile ilgili kalıpyargılar ve tutumlardır. Kadının modern anlamda çalışma yaşamına katılmasıyla kadına yüklenen roller çoğalarak kadınlar için yeni sorunları beraberinde getirmiştir. Çalışma yaşamına katılan kadın cinsiyetçi kalıpyargıların yarattığı dezavantajlı durumlarla yüzleşmek durumunda kalmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı da çalışma yaşamında kadınların toplumsal cinsiyet kalıpyargılarına bağlı olarak karşılaştıkları dezavantajlı durumları açıklamaya çalışmaktır. Örgütlerde bu dezavantajlı durumun yansıması olarak kabul edilen cam tavan, yapışkan zemin, cam asansör, cam uçurum, sızdıran boru, kraliçe arı sendromu, tokenizm, çifte açmaz, tiara sendromu, imposter sendromu, cam labirent, cam duvar kavramları literatür düzeyinde ele alınmıştır. Literatür taraması şeklinde planlanan çalışmada öncelikle feminizm, toplumsal cinsiyet ve kalıpyargılar hakkında bilgi verilmiş; daha sonra da kavramlar ayrıntılı olarak açıklanmıştır. Buna göre toplumsal cinsiyet kalıpyargıları ve ayrımcılık nedeniyle kadınların çalışma yaşamında dezavantajlı durumda olduğu, hak ettikleri pozisyona gelemedikleri ve aynı özelliklere sahip olsalar dahi erkeklerle eşit konumda olamadıkları ve çalışma yaşamında var olabilmek için yeni özellikler geliştirdikleri sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Oluşan bu eşitsizliği önlemek ve kadınlar açısından gerçek bir eşitliğe ulaşmak için farkındalığı arttıran ve toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliğini sağlayan daha kapsamlı politika ve uygulamalar gerekir.
Eski Türklerde Toplumsal ve Siyasal Açıdan Şaman'ın Rolü
Authors: KALAYCI Ergun
Published: January 2022

Eski Türkler Orta Asya ve yakınındaki coğrafyalarda topluluk ve kabileler halinde yaşamışlardır. Bu arkaik dönemde ve bu coğrafyada yaşayan topluluklarla paralel biçimde var olan ve kökleri de parçası olduğu topluluk gibi geçmişe uzanan inanç sistemleri bulunmaktadır. Eski Türklerin kendi adlandırmaları ile “kam”, daha çok bilinen ve evrensel kullanımı ile “şaman”lar tarafından yönetilen ve uygulanan bu inanç sistemlerine “Şamanizm” adı verilmektedir. Şamanizm yalnızca bir inanç sistemi olarak görülmemelidir, başlı başına eski Türklerin coğrafyasında, kültürel ve toplumsal bir üst belirleyici olarak toplulukların ayırt edici bir niteliği olmuştur. Bu yapı içerisinde Şaman hem transandantal aracılık halinin, toplumsal olana yansıması olarak yöneten ve yönetilen arasında bir “aracı” hem de topluluk halinden topluma ve nihayetinde devletleşmeye gidilen süreçte bir anlamda “katalizör” görevi görmüştür. Ancak özellikle topluluktan topluma ve sonrasında devletleşmeye geçişte Şamanın rolleri değişime uğramıştır. Bu çalışma Şaman’ın yalnızca dini bir figür ya da mitolojik köklere sahip bir büyücü olmadığı bunların yanı sıra topluluk içindeki toplumsal rollerinin neler olduğu üzerinde duracak ve bahsi geçen bu rollerin ve Şaman figürünün geçirdiği değişimlerin yapısını ve etkilerini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Defansif Tıp ve Defansif Tıp Konusunda Yapılan Akademik Çalışmalar Üzerine Bir Derleme
Authors: MANSUR Fatma , CEYLAN Ömer
Published: January 2022

Tıp yazınında çok uzun süredir yer alan fakat son yıllarda önemi artmış olan defansif tıp; hekimlerin cezai müeyyide doğuracak davalardan kaçınmak, yaptıkları veya yapmadıkları işlemlerden dolayı tazminatla karşılaşmamak, mesleki sorumluluk sigorta poliçe primlerini arttırmamak, hastayı memnun etmek veya hasta tarafından herhangi bir şiddete maruz kalmamak gibi amaçlarla, hastanın teşhis ve tedavisi için gerekli olan tahlil ve tetkiklerin ötesine geçmesi veya malpraktis davasına konu olabilecek tıbbi işlemlerden kaçınması durumudur. Hekimler tıbbi gereklilikten ziyade kendini koruma güdüsüyle hareket etmektedirler. Defansif tıp sağlık bakım maliyetlerinde artışa sebebiyet verdiği gibi hastaların gereksiz tahlil ve tetkiklerle zarar görme riskini de içermektedir. Defansif tıp hakkında Türkiye’de yapılan çalışmalar son yıllarda artış göstermesine rağmen yeterli sayıda çalışma olmadığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, defansif tıp konusunda yapılmış ulusal ve uluslararası literatürde yer alan çalışmalar incelenmiş, defansif tıbbın sebep ve sonuçları, maliyeti ve defansif tıbba etki eden faktörler ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Bu çerçevede ilk olarak defansif tıp hakkında kavramsal çerçeve çizilmiş sonrasında konuya ilişkin ulusal ve uluslararası araştırmalardan bahsedilmiş ve son 5 yıl içinde defansif tıp konusunda yapılmış çalışmalar analiz edilmiştir.
Emprego do Índice de Anomalia de Chuva na Variabilidade Pluviométrica da Microrregião Do Curimataú Oriental no Estado da Paraíba
Authors: Nascimento Maxsuel Bezerra do , Cezário Janaina Aparecida , Medeiros José Ludemario da Silva , Silva Tássio Jordan Rodrigues Dantas da , Paiva William de , Santos Laércio Leal dos
Published: January 2022

O estudo do clima vem se intensificando desde o século XX com o intuito de verificar as variações climáticas no espaço-tempo” em todo o território brasileiro. Deste modo é notório tentar entender como há uma grande variabilidade pluviométrica, principalmente nos estados do nordeste brasileiro. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é verificar e avaliar a variabilidade pluviométrica da microrregião do Curimataú Oriental no Estado da Paraíba, através da análise espaço-temporal mensal e anual da precipitação. Identificou-se assim os períodos secos e chuvosos da área estudada com o auxílio do Índice de Anomalia de Chuva (IAC). Os dados pluviométricos utilizados na pesquisa correspondem às séries mensais de precipitação no período de 1994 a 2017, fornecidos pela Agência Executiva de Gestões das Águas do Estado da Paraíba. A microrregião do Curimataú Oriental apresenta dois períodos distintos, um de sete meses chuvosos e outro com cinco meses secos. Completa-se ainda que o IAC é um instrumento de expressiva importância na análise desses dados, pois demonstra eficiência para averiguar os períodos extremos (úmidos e secos) e para realizar o monitoramento da precipitação de uma determinada região, município e/ou bacia hidrográfica.     Employment of the Rain Anomaly Index in the Pluviometric Variability of the Micro-Region of the Oriental Curimataú in the State of Paraíba A B S T R A C T The study of climate has been intensifying since the 20th century to investigate space-time throughout the Brazilian territory. Thus, it is notorious to try to understand how there is a great climatic variability, mainly in the states of northeastern Brazil. The main objective of this work is to verify and evaluate the climatic variability of the eastern Curimataú microregion in the State of Paraíba, through the monthly and annual spatial-temporal analysis of its precipitation. Thus, the dry and rainy periods of the studied area were identified with the aid of the Rain Anomaly Index (IAC). The pluviometric data used in the research correspond to the monthly series of precipitation in the period from 1994 to 2017, provided by the Executive Agency for Water Management of the State of Paraíba. The Curimataú Oriental microregion has two distinct periods, one with seven rainy months and the other with five dry months. It is also completed that the IAC is an instrument of significant importance in the analysis of these data, as it demonstrates efficiency to ascertain the extreme periods (wet and dry) and to verify the monitoring of a certain region, municipality and / or hydrographic basin.Keyword: Precipitation anomalies, Periods, Variability.
Estoque e Mecanismo de Proteção Física do Carbono no Solo em Manejos Agrícolas
Authors: Baumgartner Lana Cristina , Cordeiro Renato Campello , Rodrigues Renato de Aragão Ribeiro , Magalhães Ciro Augusto de Souza , Matos Eduardo da Silva
Published: January 2022

O compartimento terrestre é o maior reservatório de carbono no solo e armazena cerca de três vezes mais que o compartimento atmosférico. Porém, a atmosfera tem aumentado suas concentrações, devido as elevadas emissões de gases de efeito estufa, decorrente principalmente do consumo de combustíveis fosseis e queimadas das florestas. O Brasil é um dos maiores emissores, especialmente de dióxido de carbono, pelo qual o setor de mudanças do uso da terra e florestas são responsáveis majoritariamente pelas emissões. O solo em condições naturais tem um equilíbrio entre a entrada e saída de carbono, no entanto quando o solo é cultivado, principalmente com sistemas convencionais, há uma perda significativa dos estoques de carbono do solo. No entanto, quando é adotado manejos conservacionistas ocorre o mecanismo de proteção física do carbono através da formação e estabilização dos agregados, que dificulta o acesso dos microrganismos a decomposição e mantém estocado no solo, o que mitiga a emissão para atmosfera. Diante do exposto, este trabalho teve como objetivo mostrar como os manejos influenciam no estoque de carbono no solo, e como é atuação do mecanismo de proteção física de agregados em sistemas conservacionistas, demostrando como foram os avanços na pesquisa da interação da matéria orgânica com a formação e estabilização de agregados.     Stock and Mechanism of Physical Protection of Soil Carbon in Agricultural Managements  A B S T R A C TThe terrestrial compartment is the largest carbon reservoir in the soil and stores about three times as much as the atmospheric compartment. However, the atmosphere has increased its concentrations, due to the high emissions of greenhouse gases, mainly due to the consumption of fossil fuels and forest fires. Brazil is one of the largest emitters, especially of carbon dioxide, for which the sector of land use change and forests are responsible for the majority of emissions. Soil under natural conditions has a balance between carbon input and output, however when the soil is cultivated, mainly with conventional systems, there is a significant loss of soil carbon stocks. However, when conservation management is adopted, there is a mechanism for the physical protection of carbon through the formation and stabilization of aggregates, which hinders the access of microorganisms to decomposition and keeps them stored in the soil, which mitigates the emission into the atmosphere. In view of the above, this study aimed to show how the management influences the carbon stock in the soil, and how the mechanism of physical protection of aggregates in conservationist systems works, demonstrating how advances were made in researching the interaction of organic matter with formation and stabilization of aggregates.Key words:  aggregates, carbon dioxide, greenhouse effect, crop-livestock-forest integration, organic matter
Mudanças Climáticas e seu Impacto na Incidência de Arboviroses: Uma Revisão Sistemática de Estudos Recentes
Authors: Mesquita Tayane Cristiele Rodrigues , Rosa André Pereira , Borges Alisson Carraro
Published: January 2022

Estudos indicam que as mudanças climáticas poderão afetar a distribuição global de arboviroses, influenciando fatores como sobrevivência de vetores, patógenos e transmissão viral. Assim, buscou-se nesse estudo realizar uma revisão sistemática dos artigos mais recentes – publicados entre 2015 e 2020 - relativos a essa temática. Após a aplicação de critérios de elegibilidade, 28 artigos foram selecionados para análise. A partir da revisão, verificou-se que as mudanças climáticas poderão afetar a aptidão das regiões para transmissão viral e a distribuição geográfica de mosquitos do gênero Aedes. Contudo, o efeito das mudanças climáticas varia em diferentes regiões, podendo causar expansão ou contração das áreas aptas para a ocorrência de arboviroses. Em geral, verifica-se um potencial crescimento das áreas aptas em regiões temperadas, sobretudo para o A. albopictus. Em regiões tropicais, por outro lado, o aumento da temperatura poderá limitar as áreas, atualmente, consideradas aptas. Embora não seja intuitivo, alguns estudos previram que a mitigação parcial das mudanças climáticas pode ocasionar maior risco de transmissão viral do que nenhuma mitigação. Assim, é possível verificar que a relação entre as mudanças climáticas e a transmissão de arboviroses não é direta e pode variar em diferentes cenários e locais.     Climate Change and its Impact on the Incidence of Arboviruses: A Systematic Review of Recent Studies A B S T R A C TStudies indicate that climate change may affect the global distribution of arboviruses, influencing factors such as vector survival, pathogens, and viral transmission. Thus, this study aimed to conduct a systematic review of the most recent articles - published between 2015 and 2020 - related to this theme. After applying eligibility criteria, 28 papers were selected for analysis. From the review, it was found that climate change may affect the suitability of regions for viral transmission and the geographical distribution of mosquitoes of the genus Aedes. However, the effect of climate change varies in different regions, which may cause expansion or contraction of areas suitable for the occurrence of arboviruses. In general, there is a potential for growth in suitable areas within temperate regions, especially for A. albopictus. In tropical regions, on the other hand, the increase in temperature may limit the areas currently considered suitable. Although not intuitive, some studies have predicted that partial mitigation of climate change may lead to a higher risk of viral transmission than no mitigation. Thus, it is possible to verify that the relationship between climate change and the transmission of arboviruses is not direct and may vary in different scenarios and locations.Keywords: Climate; Projection; Aedes; Arboviruses.
Determinação da Concentração de Clorofila-a por Sensoriamento Remoto no Reservatório de Chapéu d’Úvas (Mg), Brasil
Authors: Serbeto Larissa Ferreira , Mendes George , Ribeiro Celso Bandeira de Melo , Pereira Renata de Oliveira
Published: January 2022

Na atualidade, um grande impacto nos reservatórios de água doce é a eutrofização, que afeta diretamente o tratamento e uso da água para abastecimento público, navegação, fauna e flora aquática e impacto visual. A clorofila-a é um dos indicadores de estado trófico da água e pode ser determinada utilizando sensoriamento remoto. Desta forma, este estudo objetivou determinar a concentração de clorofila-a na barragem de Chapéu d’Uvas em Juiz de Fora (Brasil), um dos principais mananciais de abastecimento público da cidade. Através de um modelo utilizando imagens do satélite Sentinel-2 foi avaliado o comportamento espaço-temporal da concentração do componente, foi correlacionado com dados de pluviosidade, temperatura, evaporação e uso e ocupação do solo em torno da barragem. Também foi aplicado um modelo para determinar o índice de estado trófico, que apresenta o grau de trofia que o corpo hídrico se encontra, classificando Chapéu d’Uvas como estado mesotrófico. Os resultados se mostraram satisfatórios para a espacialização e análise temporal da concentração de clorofila-a, a correlação com os dados de evaporação nos permitiu observar uma compatibilidade direta com a concentração do componente e verificou-se valores de clorofila-a acima da média do reservatório nas regiões de entradas de água pelos riachos e próximos as margens com menos cobertura de vegetação.Determination of Chlorophyll-a Concentration from Remote Sensing in Chapéu d’Úvas Reservoir (State of Minas Gerais, Brazil) A B S T R A C TCurrently, one of the great impacts on the freshwater reservoirs is eutrophication, which directly affects the treatment and use of water for public water supply, navigation, aquatic fauna and flora and visual impact. Chlorophyll-a is one of the water trophic state indicators and it can be determined using remote sensing. Thus, this study aimed to determine chlorophyll-a concentration in Chapéu d’Uvas dam, in Juiz de Fora (Brazil), one of the main water sources of public water supply for the city. From a model that uses Sentinel-2 satellite images, the spatial-temporal behavior of that component concentration was evaluated and correlated with data regarding rainfall, temperature, evaporation, and soil use and occupation around the dam. A model was also applied to determine trophic state index, which presents the body of water trophic state, classifying Chapéu d’Uvas as mesotrophic state. The results were satisfactory regarding spatialization and temporal analysis of chlorophyll-a concentration. The correlation with evaporation data permitted us to observe a direct correspondence with the component concentration. Chlorophyll-a values higher than the reservoir average were found in creek inlets and near the shore with lower vegetal cover.Keywords: eutrophication, Sentinel-2, quality of water, inland waters, trophic state
AVALIAÇÃO DA ACURÁCIA DE ALGORITMOS DE CLASSIFICAÇÃO DE IMAGENS ORBITAIS NA BAÍA DA BABITONGA, NORDESTE DE SANTA CATARINA
Authors: Voos Vieira Celso , Apolonid Viana Pedro
Published: January 2022

O objetivo deste trabalho foi a avaliação da acurácia de algoritmos de classificação do uso e cobertura do solo, quando aplicados a uma imagem orbital de média resolução espacial. Para esse estudo foram utilizadas as bandas espectrais da faixa do visível e infravermelho próximo, do sensor Operational Land Imager – OLI na Baía da Babitonga/SC. Foram propostas nove classes de cobertura do solo, que serviram como controle para testar 11 algoritmos classificadores: Binary Encoding, Example Based Feature Extraction, IsoData, K-Means, Mahalanobis Distance, Maximum Likelihood, Minimum Distance, Neural Net, Parallelepiped, Spectral Angle Mapper e Spectral Information Divergence. O classificador Maximum Likelihood foi o que apresentou o melhor desempenho, obtendo um índice Kappa de 0,89 e acurácia global de 95,5%, sendo capaz de distinguir as nove classes de cobertura do solo propostas. Evaluation of the Accuracy of Orbital Image Classification Algorithms in Babitonga Bay, northeast of Santa Catarina A B S T R A C TThe objective of this work was to evaluate the classification algorithms accuracy of the soil use and cover when applied to a spatial mean orbital image. For this study we used the visible and near infrared spectral bands of the Operational Land Imager - OLI sensor in Babitonga Bay / SC. Nine classes of soil cover were proposed, which served as control to test 11 classifier algorithms: Binary Encoding, Example Based Feature Extraction, IsoData, K-Means, Mahalanobis Distance, Maximum Likelihood, Minimum Distance, Neural Net, Parallelepiped, Spectral Angle Mapper and Spectral Information Divergence. The Maximum Likelihood classifier presented the best performance, obtaining a Kappa index of 0.89 and a global accuracy of 95.5%, being able to distinguish the nine proposed classes of soil cover.Keywords: Algorithms Accuracy, Babitonga Bay, Orbital image, Remote sensing, Soil Use and Cover.
Correlation of dengue cases and pluviometric precipitation, in Pará state, Brazil (2014 to 2019)
Authors: Silva Welligton Conceição da , Júnior Raimundo Nonato Colares Camargo , Silva Éder Bruno Rebelo , Sales Robson de Moraes , Araújo Lennon Júnior Silva , Santos Maria Roseane Pereira dos , Barbosa Antônio Vinicius Correa , Silva Jamile Andréa Rodrigues da
Published: January 2022

The climate can lead to the emergence of environments conducive to the proliferation of dengue vectors, in addition to diseases and illnesses related to climatic phenomena. In this context, it is necessary to relate the exposure devices, that is, as associated variables associated with dengue cases. The objective of this research was to carry out a retrospective epidemiological study, with an emphasis on sex, age group and municipalities reporting dengue cases, as well as to correlate the cases of the disease with rainfall levels, in the state of Pará, Brazil. The correlation between rainy periods, transition from rainy to less rainy (C-MC) and less rainy to rainy (MC-C) showed a statistical correlation (p <0.05) with dengue cases in the period studied. Thus, it was found that dengue cases had an increase in the year subsequent to 2018, in which the majority were women with complete high school, in the age group of 20 to 39 years old. Given this scenario, the analysis of epidemiological data is important so that preventive measures and control of the agent are adopted by the government.Keywords: clinical-laboratory; epidemiological; gender; age group. Correlação de casos de dengue e precipitação pluviométrica, no estado do Pará, Brasil (2014 a 2019) RESUMOO clima pode levar ao surgimento de ambientes propícios à proliferação de vetores da dengue, além de doenças e enfermidades relacionadas aos fenômenos climáticos. Nesse contexto, é necessário relatar os mecanismos de exposição, ou seja, as variáveis climáticas associada aos casos de dengue. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi realizar um estudo epidemiológico retrospectivo, com ênfase no sexo, faixa etária e municípios que notificaram casos de dengue, bem como correlacionar os casos da doença com os níveis de precipitação, no estado do Pará, Brasil. A correlação entre os períodos chuvoso, transição de chuvoso para menos chuvoso (C-MC) e menos chuvoso para chuvoso (MC-C) apresentou correlação estatística (p <0,05) com os casos de dengue no período estudado. Assim, constatou-se que os casos de dengue aumentaram no ano subsequente a 2018, em que a maioria eram mulheres com ensino médio completo, na faixa etária de 20 a 39 anos. Diante desse cenário, a análise dos dados epidemiológicos é importante para que medidas preventivas e de controle do agente sejam adotadas pelo poder público.Palavras-chave: clínico-laboratorial; epidemiológico; Gênero sexual; grupo de idade.
Capacidade de Armazenamento de Água no Solo (CAD) e Características Físicas dos Solos na Avaliação da Distribuição da Água das Chuvas na Alta Bacia do Ribeirão Santo Antônio
Authors: Sousa Flávio Alves , Da Assunção Hildeu Ferreira
Published: January 2022

O estudo avalia a capacidade de armazenamento de água dos solos (CAD), utiliza como objeto de avaliação os latossolos da alta bacia do ribeirão Santo Antônio no município de Iporá-Goiás. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a dinâmica da água da chuva na manutenção do fluxo de água na bacia. Utilizou de dados de umidade dos solos em período de déficit hídrico e de excedente para comparar o comportamento dos solos na retenção de água e na permeabilidade. Utilizou a metodologia padrão na definição do CAD, porém com ajustes específicos na obtenção da umidade e na capacidade de campo (CC) e no ponto de murcha permanente PMP, que aqui foi denominado de ponto de menor umidade residual (PMUR). Informações como dados de chuva do período, balanço hídrico climatológico no período analisado (maio de 2018 a abril de 2019) e valores de vazão obtidos mensalmente no exutório durante o período de referência fizeram parte da análise. Um total de 43,5% da água disponibilizada pela chuva escoam superficialmente, 9,5% escoam em subsuperfície, 47% da água infiltra e/ou permanece retida nos solos. Os solos apresentaram boa drenagem e, cerca de 42% da água das chuvas garantem a perenidade da bacia.    Soil Water Storage Capacity (AWSC) and Physical Characteristics of Soils in the Evaluation of Rainwater Distribution in the High Basin of  Santo Antônio Stream.  A B S T R A C T         The study evaluates the water storage capacity of soils (AWSC). It use like object of evaluation the oxissoils located at the high Santo Antônio basin. The objective of the study was to evaluate the dynamics of rainwater in maintaining the flow of water in the basin through laboratory evaluations, in addition to testing a new methodology to define the destinations of the water that reached the surface. Was used soil moisture data in a period of water deficit and surplus to compare the behavior of soils in water retention and permeability. It used the standard methodology in the definition of the AWSC but with specific adjustments in obtaining the humidity and in the field capacity (FC) and in the permanent wilting point PWP, which here was called the point of lowest residual moisture (PLRM). Information such as rainfall data for the period, climatological water balance in the period analyzed (May 2018 to April 2019) and flow values obtained monthly in the exutory during the reference period were part of the analysis. A total of 43.5% of the water provided by the rain run off superficially, 9.5% seeps in subsurface, 47% of the water seeps and / or remains trapped in the soil. The soils had good drainage and about 42% of the rainwater guarantees the basin's perpetuity.   Keywords: AWSC. Permeability. Moisture. Storage.
Violations at the Reference Point of Discontinuity: Limitations of Prospect Theory and an Alternative Model of Risk Choices
Authors: Chadee Aaron Anil , Chadee Xsitaaz T. , Chadee Clyde , Otuloge Festus
Published: January 2022

The tilted S-shaped utility function proposed in Prospect Theory (PT) relied fundamentally on the geometrical notion that there is a discontinuity between gains and losses, and that individual preferences change relative to a reference point. This results in PT having three distinct parameters; concavity, convexity and the reference point represented as a disjoint between the concavity and convexity sections of the curve. The objective of this paper is to examine the geometrical violations of PT at the zero point of reference. This qualitative study adopted a theoretical review of PT and Markowitz’s triply inflected value function concept to unravel methodological assumptions which were not fully addressed by either PT or cumulative PT. Our findings suggest a need to account for continuity and to resolve this violation of PT at the reference point. In so doing, an alternative preference transition theory, was proposed as a solution that includes a phase change space to cojoin these three separate parameters into one continuous nonlinear model. This novel conceptual model adds new knowledge of risk and uncertainty in decision making. Through a better understanding of an individual’s reference point in decision making behaviour, we add to contemporary debate by complementing empirical studies and harmonizing research in this field. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-01-03 Full Text: PDF
Consumers’ Attitude towards Digital Social Responsibility: Impacts on Electronic Word of Mouth and Purchase Intention
Authors: Puriwat Wilert , Tripopsakul Suchart
Published: January 2022

Social responsibility is understood to be one of the crucial strategic responsibilities for organizations across the globe. In the digital era, firms have transformed social responsibility initiatives into digital platforms. This study aims to investigate the effects of digital social responsibility (DSR) on electronic word of mouth (eWOM) and purchase intention (PI) in the social media context. This survey research is based on 214 samples, collected via an online questionnaire as a research tool. Structural equation modelling has been used to validate the proposed hypotheses. The results show that perceived DSR has significant positive influence on consumers’ attitude (b = 0.408) and eWOM (b = 0.238). The mediation analysis indicates that consumers’ attitude partially mediates the relationship between DSR and eWOM (DE = 0.238, IE = 0.154), and fully mediates the relationship between DSR and PI (DE = 0.08, IE = 0.173). Since few previous studies have explored the impact of DSR toward eWOM and PI, our study confirms the effects of DSR on consumers’ attitudes and eWOM. This empirical study can provide managers with further understanding of the effects of DSR via social media on consumers’ attitude and eWOM. Our results should also encourage firms to implement DSR initiatives to enhance consumers’ positive attitudes and spread positive word of mouth about firms. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-01-05 Full Text: PDF
Effect of Applying Cold Plasma on Structural, Antibacterial and Self Cleaning Properties of α-Fe2O3 (HEMATITE) Thin Film
Authors: Khadayeir Abdalhussain A. , Wannas Ahmed H. , Yousif Falah H.
Published: January 2022

Objective: In this study, α-Fe2O3 thin film was formed on a glass substrate to study the impact of adding cold plasma on the self-cleaning and antibacterial properties of the samples. Method: The samples were synthesized using the chemical spray pyrolysis (CSP) method at 450°C. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and atomic force microscope were used to investigate the morphological and structural characteristics of α-Fe2O3 thin layers prior to and following plasma injection. Finding: The degree of wettability and antibacterial characteristics of iron oxide (hematite) thin film were evaluated in the presence of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria prior to and following plasma injection, given the great potential of plasma injection in the surface modification of thin films. Novelty: The findings indicate that exposing plasma to α-Fe2O3thin film produces substantial changes in morphology, self-cleaning, and antibacterial characteristics. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-01-06 Full Text: PDF
Cellulose Microfiber Encapsulated Probiotic: Viability, Acid and Bile Tolerance during Storage at Different Temperature
Authors: Pato Usman , Ayu Dewi Fortuna , Riftyan Emma , Restuhadi Fajar , Pawenang Wasisso Tunggul , Firdaus Royyan , Rahma Annisa , Jaswir Irwandi
Published: January 2022

This work aimed to analyze the physicochemical properties of cellulose from OPT used in the fabrication of CMF and evaluate the efficacy of the hydrogel CMF as an encapsulant for L. fermentum InaCC B1295 stored at room temperature and in the refrigerator. The Kjeldahl method was used to evaluate the protein content; the gravimetric method was used to determine OPT's ash, moisture, and fiber contents; the Soxhlet method was used to determine the fat content carbohydrates were computed using the difference method. The levels of holocellulose, lignin, and cellulose were also determined. Viability, acid and bile resistance of strain B1295 were evaluated at various temperatures for 35 days. The most abundant component of OPT fiber was cellulose, followed by hemicellulose and lignin. XRD examination revealed that OPT cellulose has a crystal index of 83.40%. FTIR analysis was used to detect the stretching vibrations of the –OH group on cellulose at 3419.03 cm-1. CMF hydrogel from OPT sustained L. fermentum InaCC B1295 survival for up to 28 days at room and refrigerated temperatures. At acidic conditions and in the presence of bile, the viability of L. fermentum InaCC B1295 was excellent, with a drop in cell population of less than 0.2 log CFU/g over 35 days at room and refrigerated temperatures. CMF obtained from OPT can be used as an encapsulant to maintain viability, acid resistance and bile of probiotics. There is still a need for research into the usage of CMF from OPT in combination with other encapsulants to extend the storage life of L. fermentum InaCC B1295. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-01-08 Full Text: PDF
ESTIMATION OF NUCLEAR FUSION REQUIREMENTS IN BUBBLES DURING ULTRA-HIGH-PRESSURE, ULTRA-HIGH-TEMPERATURE CAVITATION PROMOTED BY MAGNETIC FIELD
Authors: Yoshimura Toshihiko , Ijiri Masataka , Sato Kazunori
Published: January 2022

In the present work, a strong magnetic field was applied near the outlet of the water jet nozzle to promote the generation of multifunction cavitation bubbles. Because these bubbles contained charged species, the bubbles experienced a Lorentz force due to the magnetic field and collided with greater force. As such, the internal bubble pressure exceeded the threshold value required for fusion to occur. The expansion of these charged bubbles in response to ultrasonic irradiation affected adjacent charged bubbles so that the energy density of the atoms in the bubbles was greater than the fusion threshold. The results of this work strongly suggest that the formation of bubbles via the UTPC process in conjunction with a strong magnetic field may result in bubble fusion.
CRUDE IRON SUPPLY FOR 18TH CENTURY OTTOMAN NAVY
Authors: TAŞ Mehmet
Published: January 2022

Özet Ham demir ve bu demirden imal edilen malzemeler, savaş gemilerinin inşasında önemli yer tutmaktadır. Demirin dayanıklı olması ve erişilebilirliğinin yüksek olması onu tersaneler açısından vazgeçilmez bir ihtiyacı haline getirmiştir.
Demirin binlerce yıl öncesinden beri insanoğlu tarafından bilinip işleniyor olması bu alanda uzmanlaşmanın yaygınlık kazanmasını sağlamıştır. Demiri işleyen demirciler demire duyulan ihtiyaca paralel olarak tersanelerin nitelikli
işgücü arasındaki yerlerini almıştır. Ham demiri ayrı ayrı kazalardan toplayarak tersanelerde kullanıma hazır hale getirmek ciddi bir organizasyonu gerekli kılmaktadır. İşin hammadde, emek, nakliyat, bütçe, personel ve dağıtım
gibi unsurlarını planlayarak birbirini tamamlayan ve devamlı çalışan bir sistem kurmak lazımdır. Bu sistemin denetim mekanizmasını oluşturmak ve yasal alt yapısını meydana getirmek aynı derecede önemli olan hususlardır. Bu konuların
üstesinden gelebilmek ise ciddi bir organizasyon bilgisi ve becerisi gerektirir. Osmanlı Devleti’nde ham demirin temin edildiği kazalar genelde Balkan coğrafyasında yer almaktadır. Burada bulunan Samakov, Filipe, Sofya, Tatarpazarı
ve Demirhisar gibi kazalar ham demir üretimiyle ön plana çıkmışlardır. Devlet bu kazalardaki ahaliden talep ettiği ham demiri, genelde ocaklık usulü ile toplamakta ve kara yolu vasıtasıyla Varna, Selanik, Kavala ve Tekirdağı gibi
iskelelere taşımaktadır. Daha sonra ise gemilerle bu demiri, İstanbul’da yer alan Tersane-i Âmirede depolamaktadır. Burada depolanan demir gerek İstanbul’da inşa edilen gemiler için gerekse İstanbul dışında inşa edilen gemiler
için sarf edilmektedir.18.yüzyılda kalyon teknolojisine geçiş, diğer gemi inşa ve donatım malzemelerinde olduğu gibi ham demire olan ihtiyacı artırmıştır. Kalyonların klasik Osmanlı savaş gemilerine kıyasla daha büyük olması onların
küçük tonajlı diğer gemilere kıyasla daha fazla ham demir tüketmesine neden olmuştur. Bu ise önceki yüzyıllardan beri devlete ham demir temin eden kazaların yükünü artırmıştır. Olumsuz iktisadi koşulların da etkisiyle bu durum
bazen ham demir konusunda ahalinin şikâyette bulunmasına neden olmuştur. Anahtar Kelimeler: Ham Demir, Osmanlı Devleti, Kalyon, 18. Yüzyıl, Tersane-i Âmire.
72 NUMARALI MÜHİMME DEFTERİ ÖZELLİKLERİ, İÇERİĞİ VE DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: YILMAZ Özdemir
Published: January 2022

Divân-ı Hümâyûn Osmanlı Devleti merkez teşkilatının en mühim müessesesi olup; üst düzey karar organıdır. Devletin siyasî, askerî, malî işleriyle meşgul olur, her türlü dava ve şikâyetlerle ilgilenir, karara bağlardı. Divân-ı Hümâyûn'da
alınan kararlar, ferman, berat ve hükümlerin nakil kısmı Divân-ı Hümâyûn sicilleri olarak da bilinen mühimme defterlerine kaydedilirdi. Değerlendirmesini yaptığımız 72 numaralı Mühimme Defteri, III. Murad (1574-1595) döneminin
son zamanlarına ait olup; devrinin siyasî, askerî, malî, içtimaî vs. hadiseleri hakkında birçok malumatı ihtiva etmektedir. Defterde ağırlıklı birkaç konu bulunmaktadır ve bunlar; eşkıyalık olayları, İstanbul'a zahire nakli, Beç
seferine asker naklidir. Çalışmada, Divân-ı Hümâyun, Mühimme Defterleri, 72 numaralı mühimme defteri ve defterde bahsi geçen III. Murad devri olayları hakkında genel bilgiler verilmiştir.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe Think Talk Write (TTW) Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Matematika Siswa Kelas VIII SMP
Authors: Supita Elisa Nunung , Hikmah Nurul , Turmuzi Muhammad , Arjudin Arjudin
Published: January 2022

This research aims to determine whether or not there is an effect of the TTW cooperative learning model on the mathematics learning achievement of class VIII students of SMPN 2 Batukiang Utara in the 2020/2021 academic year. This type of research is a quasi experiment with the posttest only control design with nonequivalent groups. The subjects in this study were class VIII A as the experimental class using the TTW learning model and VIII B as the Kontron class with the direct learning model. The data collection technique used a research instrument in the form of a description test. The statistical analysis used in this study is the t test and the effect size test. Based on the data analysis, the results of the posttest showed that the experimental class average was 62.28 and the control class was 51.25. This indicates that learning with the TTW cooperative model is better than direct learning. Data analysis with t-test at a significant level of 5% , namely 4.03≥1.67, and the effect size test with d = 1.17 (high). So it can be concluded that the type of cooperative learning model (TTW) affects the mathematics learning achievement of class VIII students of SMPN 2 Batukliang Utara in the 2020/2021 school year
Pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe think talk write (TTW) terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa kelas XI MIA SMA NW Mataram Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020
Authors: Malini Aena , Hikmah Nurul , Wahidaturrahmi Wahidaturrahmi , Hayati Laila
Published: January 2022

This research aims to determine the effect of Think Talk Write (TTW) cooperative learning model towards the ability of mathematics problem solving of grade XI MIA SMA NW Mataram academic year 2019/2020. Type of the research is a quasi-experimental design with a posttest only control design. The population of the research is all students grade XI MIA SMA NW Mataram academic year 2019/2020. The sampling technique was saturated sampling tecnique, so the sample obtained that XI MIA 1 as the experimental class and XI MIA 2 as the controlling class. The instrument used was a test of the students learning achievement (post-test) on the sequence and series  material. Quantitave analysis obtained by using t-test. The result of this research showed that there is a difference in the average score of students who get learning use the Think Talk Write (TTW) cooperative learning models with students who use direct learning. Meanwhile the effect of Think Talk Write (TTW) cooperative learning model towards the ability of mathematics problem solving of using the effect size with moderate category. This means that the Think Talk Write (TTW) type of cooperative learning models is quite influential on the mathematics problem solving ability of grade XI MIA SMA NW Mataram.
Pengembangan LKPD berbasis PBL untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa Kelas VIII pada Materi Sistem Persamaan Linear Dua Variabel
Authors: Ma'wa Aflahul , Hapipi Hapipi , Turmuzi Muhammad , Azmi Syahrul
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this study was to develop student worksheets based on PBL (Problem Based Learning) to improve the problem-solving abilities of class VIII students at MTs Hikmatusysyarief NW Salut Narmada for the 2020-2021 school year on two-variable linear equation systems. PBL-based LKPD (Problem Based Learning) is an LKPD that is arranged based on the phases of the PBL learning model. The development of this product aims to overcome the weaknesses in the teaching and learning process and overcome the weaknesses of students' problem-solving abilities. The research methodology used in developing PBL-based LKPD is 4D (Define, Design, Development, and Dissemination). Data collection techniques using interview guidelines and questionnaires. The result of the research is a product in the form of LKPD based on PBL (Problem Based Learning) on ​​the material of a two-variable linear equation system. The product has been declared valid with very good criteria by two validators. Based on the results of a limited trial on the use of the developed product, it is known that the PBL-based LKPD can improve the problem-solving ability of class VIII students of MTs Hikmatusysyarief NW Salut Narmada.
Pengaruh Model Penemuan Terbimbing Berbantuan WEB Terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Matematis Siswa Kelas X
Authors: Manaf Lalu Irfan Abdul , Sridana Nyoman , Arjudin Arjudin , Sripatmi Sripatmi
Published: January 2022

The background of this research is, there is no learning model that can optimally support critical thinking skills, so it takes an innovative learning model. In this case, the researchers used web helped to guide discovery learning model to improve the critical thinking skills of the student in class X SMAN 4 Praya in academic year 2019/2020. This study aimed to find an effect of web assisted guided discovery learning on trigonometry material to critical thinking ability of the student in class X SMAN 4 Praya in academic year 2019/2020. This study use a quantitative research approach to the type of experimental research. In this experiment the researchers used a quasi-experimental, and uses two classes as a research, the experimental class and control class. The population of this research is all the student in class X SMAN 4 Praya and and choose two class as a sample class that is X MIPA 5 as a experimental class and X MIPA 3 as control class. Student in experimental class used web assisted guided discovery learning model and in control class used guided discovery without web assisted. The result of the research showed that the average of critical thinking ability in the experimental class is better than control class which is in the experimental class is in the less effective category and control class in ineffective category.
Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika ditinjau dari Tipe Kepribadian Siswa Madrasah Tsanawiyah
Authors: Sulastri Mariya , Hayati Laila , Hikmah Nurul , Azmi Syahrul
Published: January 2022

This study aims to describe the mathematical problem solving abilities in terms of students personality types of grade VIII at MTs Al-Ma’arif NU Qamarul Huda Narmada academic year 2020/2021. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive with a quantitative approach. The sampling technique used saturated sampling and each 2 students were selected to represent each personality types. The data collection technique used are personality type questionnaires, mathematical problem solving ability tests, and interviews. The data analysis techniques used quantitative data analysis and qualitative data analysis that are data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. The result of this study are students with introvert and extrovert personality types are not able to write down the stage of understanding the problem, do the stage of making a plan by writing them into mathematical form, able to write down the problem solving systemtatically but there are some errors, write the conclusion of the answer though it’s not quite right. While students with ambivert personality types are able to do the stage of understanding the problem by writing down even though it’s incomplete, write a plan for solving the problem by directly writing it into mathematical form, are able to write the solution of the problem according to the plan even though there are some missteps, re-examine and write down the conclusion even though there are error in the results.
Pengaruh self concept terhadap kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi mata pelajaran matematika siswa kelas VIII F SMPN 1 Mataram
Authors: Wahida Sri Radiatun , Baidowi Baidowi , Lu'luilmaknun Ulfa , Turmuzi Muhammad
Published: January 2022

This study aims to describe and determine the effect of self-concept on higher-order thinking skills of class VIII SMPN 1 Mataram in the academic year 2020/2021. This type of research is included in ex post facto research, with a sample of 32 students of class VIII F SMPN 1 Mataram in the 2020/2021 academic year. Students fill out and complete self-concept questionnaires and test questions for higher order thinking skills. The results showed that (1) Self-concept owned by 3.13% students was categorized as very good, 21.87% students were in good category, 62.5% students were in quite good category, and 12.5% ​​students were in low category. Meanwhile, for higher order thinking skills, there are 3.13% of students in very good category, 21.87% of students in good category, 62.5% of students in good enough category, 9.37% of students in poor category and 3, 13% of students in the very poor category. (2) There is an effect of self concept on higher order thinking ability with regression equation Y = 1.283 + 0.787X.
Informal Bound Morphs in Indonesian
Authors: Wijana I Dewa Putu
Published: January 2022

Abstrak: Makalah ini membahas penggunaan morf terikat informal dalam bahasa Indonesia. Ada beberapa masalah yang ingin dijawab, yaitu apa morf terikat bahasa Indonesia yang biasa ditemukan dalam situasi tutur informal, berbagai makna gramatikal dapat diungkapkan oleh morf terikat tersebut, dan bagaimana kata-kata yang mengandung morf tersebut dapat diparafrasekan untuk mengidentifikasi padanan formalnya. Dengan menggunakan data yang dikumpulkan dari beberapa sumber dan menciptakan penggunaan kontekstualnya secara introspektif, ditemukan bahwa setidaknya ada lima morf terikat informal dalam penggunaan bahasa Indonesia. Beberapa dari morf terikat tersebut bersifat informal dalam semua penggunaan kontekstual, dan beberapa lainnya hanya demikian dalam mengungkapkan makna tertentu. Semua morf informal tersebut memiliki korespondensi formal meskipun dalam kasus yang sangat jarang parafrasenya tampak sangat aneh dan sulit dimengerti.
Abstract: This paper deals with the use of informal bound morphs in Indonesian. There are several issues intend to be answered, i.e what are Indonesian bound morphs commonly found in informal speech situations, various grammatical meanings can be expressed by those bound morphs, and how the words containing such morphs could be paraphrased to identify their formal equivalents. By using data collected from several sources and creating their contextual usage introspectively, it is found that there are  at least five informal bound morphs in the use of Indonesian. Several of those bound morphs are informal in all contextual usages, and several others are  only so in expressing certain meanings. All of those informal morphs have formal correspondences eventhough in very rare cases the paraphrases seem very strange and hard to understand.
Perbandingan Leksikon Bahasa Jawa Dialek Malang dan Bahasa Jawa Dialek Blitar
Authors: Dicta Pradicta Nurhuda , Rafli Zainal , Ansoriyah Siti
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan leksikon bahasa Jawa dialek Malang dan bahasa Jawa Dialek Blitar berdasarkan bentuk dan makna kedua bahasa tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa leksikon yang terdapat dalam tuturan masyarakat bahasa Jawa dialek Malang dan masyarakat bahasa Jawa dialek Blitar. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode simak dengan teknik dasar berupa teknik simak, libat, dan cakap yang dilanjutkan dengan teknik cakap secara virtual dan teknik catat. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode agih dan padan. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah metode padan dengan teknik menyesuaikan dengan karakter data yang diperoleh dan tujuan penelitian, yaitu teknik pilah unsur penentu sebagai teknik dasar. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) terdapat leksikon yang memiliki bentuk berbeda, tetapi maknanya sama pada bahasa Jawa dialek Malang (BJM) dan bahasa Jawa Dialek Blitar (BJB); (2) terdapat leksikon yang memiliki bentuk mirip dan makna yang sama pada bahasa Jawa dialek Malang (BJM) dan bahasa Jawa Dialek Blitar (BJB); dan (3) terdapat leksikon yang memiliki bentuk sama, tetapi maknanya berbeda pada bahasa Jawa dialek Malang (BJM) dan bahasa Jawa Dialek Blitar (BJB).
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Authors: Cokrowati Nunik
Published: January 2022

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