bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crania Canaria 2.0: construyendo una colección virtual de cráneos
Authors: Serrano-Ramos Alexia
Published: January 2022

El Museo Canario stores a large collection of aboriginal skulls that have been essential to the study of the origin and chronology of the population of the Canary archipelago since the 19th century. Regrettably, research has been dominated by biased and racial interpretations of both bioarchaeological and cultural evidence. When scientific racism and craniometric studies were rejected, studies of the Canarian indigenous skulls variability was also abandoned without replies. However, digital technologies and virtual sciences allow us to improve research and re-evaluate old paradigms. In this work, we present a digitalisation project aiming to construct a virtual database of the indigenous Canarian skulls, using a simple method of digitalisation that is very suitable to deal with large collections- The procedure, involving a  portable 3D structured light scanner has allowed us to digitally reproduce more than 400 skulls stored at  Museo Canario. This work offers a wide variety of possibilities for archaeology and anthropology. The versatility of 3D digital models enables the generation of interactive documentation, educational material for digital conservation and dissemination purposes. Indeed, 3D models are easily shared and can be displayed over diverse web-based repositories and online platforms and so, creating virtual online museums. We have created a profile in Sketchfab (https://sketchfab.com/craniacanaria2.0) where we intend to upload gradually the complete virtual collection of skulls we have realised. Moreover, digital skulls can serve as research objects. We discuss the advantages of studying 3D objects in a computerised environment, which includes traditional anthropometric studies (linear measurements and angles) but also 3D geometric morphometric approaches. In fact, in future studies, we will apply 3D geometric morphometrics for reassessing skull variation of ancient Canarians going beyond old paradigms and taking into account the latest advances in archaeology, anthropology and genetics in Canarian research. Highlights:- El Museo Canario stores an exceptional human skull collection that has served as the basis for numerous studies seeking to reveal the origin and chronology of the indigenous population.- This study presents an easy methodology for obtaining digital imagery using a 3D surface scanner, which allows constructing a virtual skull collection comprising more than 400 individuals.- Virtual 3D models have numerous advantages and applications in anthropology and archaeology, not only improving research but also permitting the re-evaluation of old paradigms.
Ethics, Aesthetics and the Historical Dimension of Language
Authors: Gadamer Hans-Georg
Published: January 2022

Ethics, Aesthetics and the Historical Dimension of Language collects together Gadamer’s most important untranslated writings on ethics, aesthetics and language.

With a substantial introduction by the editors exploring Gadamer’s ethical project and providing an overview of his aesthetic work, this book collects Gadamer’s writings on ancient ethics, including the moral philosophy of Aristotle, and on practical philosophy. In the final section, Gadamer’s writings on art and language are collected, including his examination of poetry, opera and painting among other art forms, and such topics as artistic language and translation.

This important collection is a useful resource for scholars in philosophy, studying hermeneutics, continental, 20th-century and German philosophy.
Seven Samurai
Authors: Mellen Joan
Published: January 2022

In Seven Samurai (1954) a whole society is on the verge of irrevocable change. Akira Kurosawa’s celebrated film, regarded by many to be the major achievement of Japanese cinema, is an epic that evokes the cultural upheaval brought on by the collapse of Japanese militarism in the 16th century, but at the same time echoes also the sweeping cultural changes occurring in the aftermath of the American Occupation that followed Japan's defeat in the Second World War.

The plot is deceptively simple. A village of farmers is beleaguered by a horde of bandits. In desperation, the farmers decide to hire itinerant samurai to protect their crops and people and defeat the bandits. There had never been a Japanese film in which peasants hired samurai, or an evocation of the social transformation that made such an idea credible.

There are six samurai and one who is accepted as such. Together they reflect the ideals and values of a noble class near the point of extinction. Seven Samurai may be the greatest action film, a technical masterpiece unmatched in its depiction of movement and violence, but running beneath the sound and fury is a lament for a lost nobility, ‘a dirge for the spirit of Japan,’ writes Joan Mellen, ‘which will never again be so strong.’

Mellen's study contextualises Seven Samurai, marking its place in Japanese cinema and in Kurosawa's film-making career. She explores the film's roots in medieval history and, above all, the astonishing visual language in which Kurosawa created his elegiac epic.
MicroRNA-17-5p acts as a biomarker and regulates mitochondrial dynamics in trophoblasts and endothelial cells by targeting the mitofusins Mfn1/Mfn2 in gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Li Jie , Liu Zhi-Hui , Wu Tong , Li Si , Sun Ya-nan
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic disease that endangers pregnant women and their offspring. Insights into biomarkers and GDM pathogenesis are crucial. Ectopic expression of microRNA-17-5p was found in GDM, but its the diagnostic value and role of miR-17-5p remain unclear.

Material and methods

Detection of miRNA microarray and quantitative PCR (qPCR) found that miR-17-5p was significantly increased and positively associated with biochemical indicators of GDM in 30 GDM plasma samples and 28 matched control plasma samples.

Results

The area under the ROC curve was 0.827 (P < 0.01), which showed good diagnostic potential. Mitochondrial staining showed that compared with controls, trophoblasts exhibited more mitochondrial fusion and endothelial cells exhibited more mitochondrial fission in GDM than these in controls. Western blot and qPCR assays further revealed that expression of the mitofusin Mfn1/Mfn2 was lower in primary endothelial cells from GDM patients, whereas their expression was significantly higher in primary trophoblasts from GDM patients compared with those from controls. Conversely, miR-17-5p expression was higher in primary endothelial cells from GDM patients, whereas their expression was significantly lower in primary trophoblasts from GDM patients compared with those from controls. Bioinformatics and luciferase reporter assays confirmed that both Mfn1 and Mfn2 are targets of miR-17-5p. Last, decreased Mfn1/2 was observed not only to increase the apoptotic rate of primary endothelial cells from GDM, but also to reverse anti-apoptotic effects of miR-17-5p inhibitor.

Conclusions

MiR-17-5p regulates Mfn1/Mfn2-mediated mitochondrial dynamics involved in GDM. MiR-17-5p may serve as a promising biomarker and therapeutic target for GDM.
Schäden an Flächenbefestigungen aus Betonpflaster II.
Authors: Voß Karl-Uwe
Published: January 2022

In seinem zweiten Buch über Flächenbefestigungen aus Betonsteinen und -platten vermittelt Karl-Uwe Voß die Fachkenntnisse für die sachverständige Bewertung von Pflasterflächen mit besonderen Schadensrisiken. Hierzu zählen Pflasterdecken, die häufigen Frost- oder Frost-Tauwechselangriffen ausgesetzt sind und deshalb besonders komplexe Verwitterungsschäden aufweisen können. Pflasterdecken in gebundener Bauweise stellen hohe Anforderungen an Planung und Herstellung, um Rissschäden und hohe Mangelbeseitigungskosten zu vermeiden. Dieser Sonderbauweise ist deshalb ein eigener Schwerpunkt gewidmet. Spezielle Kenntnisse erfordert auch die Bewertung von Reklamationen an Flächen aus oberflächenvergüteten Betonwaren. Die Eigenschaften der verschiedenen Vergütungssysteme, ihre Applikationstechnik und die Wechselwirkungen zwischen den Betonen und den Vergütungssystemen spielen bei der Entstehung von Schäden eine ebenso wichtige Rolle, wie die Verlegung, Reinigung und Pflege dieser Flächen.

Dieses Buch vermittelt fundiert und dennoch praxisnah Vorgehensweisen, mit denen Schadensursachen an diesen Flächen sicher bestimmt und Verantwortlichkeiten eindeutig nachgewiesen werden können. Zusammenfassende Bewertungshilfen und übersichtliche Checklisten zur Reklamationsbearbeitung machen es für Sachverständige ebenso nützlich wie für Ausführende, Planer und Eigentümer hochwertiger Pflasterdecken.
Lehrbuch der Infrarotthermografie.
Authors: Zimmermann Thomas , Zimmermann Martina
Published: January 2022

Die Infrarotthermografie und ihre komplexen Anwendungen sind aus vielen Bereichen unseres Alltags nicht mehr wegzudenken. Die praktische Umsetzung dieser Technologie erfordert jedoch ein umfassendes, grundlegendes, physikalisches Wissen, das die Autoren in diesem Buch vermitteln.

Sie gehen ausgiebig auf die Thermodynamik, die Strahlenphysik sowie auf den Fotoelektrischen Effekt und die Technologie der thermischen Kameras ein. Von der Entwicklungsgeschichte bis zur Neuzeit werden alle wesentlichen Eckpunkte der Thermografie aufgegriffen. Fachbegriffe, technische Abkürzungen und Formeln werden ausführlich erklärt und in ihrer Anwendung beschrieben. Das Buch dient mit vielen Tabellen, Zeichnungen, Bildern und Erläuterungen als vollständige theoretische Ausbildungsgrundlage.
Kostengünstige mehrgeschossige Passivwohnhäuser.
Authors: Schöberl Helmut
Published: January 2022

Energieeffiziente Gebäude im Bereich des Einfamilienhauses sind keine Seltenheit mehr. Anders sieht das beim mehrgeschossigen Wohnbau aus. Dort stellen vor allem die Passivhaustechnik und die anfallenden Baukosten noch die größten Hürden dar.

Helmut Schöberl fasst erstmals Planungsinstrumente, Gebäudehülle, Haustechnik, bauliche Mehrkosten und Nutzereinführung anhand von mehreren Passivhausprojekten zusammen. "Passivhaus-Einsteiger" lernen ausführlich die Anforderungen, Komponenten und Herausforderungen des Passivhauses kennen. Auch erfahrene Planer und Entscheidungsträger erhalten viele praxiserprobte Detaillösungen und eine genaue Gliederung der Mehrkosten.

Der Autor konnte seine Erfahrung aus über 200.000 m² realisierter Nutzfläche im Bereich mehrgeschossige Passivhäuser in dieses Buch einfließen lassen. So war es möglich, neuestes Wissen über Kosten, Technik, Lösungen und Nutzererfahrungen für mehrgeschossige Passivhauswohnhäuser in diesem Buch gesammelt anzubieten.
Wärmespeicher.
Authors: Hauer Andreas , Hiebler Stefan , Reuß Manfred
Published: January 2022

Wärmespeicher ermöglichen es, das Wärmeangebot im Zeitverlauf und in der Leistung dem Bedarf anzupassen. Erst durch effiziente Wärmespeicher lassen sich Abwärme oder solare Wärme wirtschaftlich nutzen.

Das BINE-Fachbuch stellt die verschiedenen Speichertechnologien vor und bietet Planern, Beratern und der Immobilienwirtschaft einen Überblick über unterschiedliche Speichermedien, -größen und -typen, Langzeit- und Hochtemperaturspeicher und die Wirtschaftlichkeit.

Schwerpunkte:

Zahlreiche Praxisbeispiele

Moderne Latentspeicher

Speichermanagement
Betonbau. Band 1.
Authors: Röhling Stefan , Eifert Helmut , Jablinski Manfred
Published: January 2022

Der Betonbau wurde in den letzten Jahrzehnten durch eine Reihe von bedeutsamen Veränderungen und innovativen Entwicklungen geprägt. Diese Änderungen rücken vor allem die Qualitätssicherung immer weiter in den Mittelpunkt und fordern von allen Beteiligten ein umfassendes Wissen, das die insgesamt drei Bände bieten. Die Inhalte wurden nicht nur für den Gebrauch in der Bauvorbereitung und Bauleitung ausgewählt, sondern sind auch für die Ausbildung im Bauingenieurwesen der Hochschulen und Universitäten geeignet.

Im ersten Band werden die wesentlichen Grundlagen des Betonbaus zusammengefasst. Auf die Zusammensetzung, Klassifizierung und die Dauerhaftigkeit des Betons, den Schalungs- und Bewehrungsbau, die Herstellung und Verarbeitung von Frischbeton sowie auf Maßnahmen zur Qualitätssicherung wird detailliert eingegangen. Ergänzend werden wichtige Vorschriften auszugsweise wiedergegeben.
Hauskauf - Neu oder gebraucht.
Authors: Burk Peter , Weizenhöfer Günther
Published: January 2022

Ein eigenes Haus ist nach wie vor eines der großen Lebensziele vieler Menschen. Gleichzeitig ist der Weg zum Eigenheim aber auch eine große Herausforderung.

Beim Kauf eines Hauses ist es wichtig zwischen einer neuen Immobilie, z.B. vom Bauträger, oder einer gebrauchten, z.B. von privaten Verkäufern, zu unterscheiden. Beide Kaufvorgänge sind vollkommen unterschiedlich geregelt und erfordern daher auch ein jeweils sehr unterschiedliches Vorgehen.

Die Autoren erläutern beide Wege des Hauskaufs und geben dabei umfassende Informationen zur persönlichen Bedarfsanalyse, Finanzierung, Haussuche, Besichtigung und Kaufpreiseinschätzung, zu Kaufvertragsregelungen, Notartermin und Hausübergabe bzw. Hausabnahme bis zur gegebenenfalls erforderlichen Mängelbeseitigung.

Umfangreiche Checklisten unterstützen den Leser zusätzlich.
Kühlen und Klimatisieren mit Wärme.
Authors: Henning Hans-Martin , Urbaneck Thorsten , Morgenstern Alexander , Núnez Tomas , Wiemken Edo , Thümmler Egbert , Uhlig Ulf
Published: January 2022

Raumlufttechnische Anlagen erhöhen den Energiebedarf und die Betriebskosten eines Gebäudes. Ziel jeder Planung sollte es daher sein, den Kühlungsbedarf zu minimieren. Dennoch ist es in vielen Fällen notwendig, aktive Systeme zur Regelung von Temperatur und Raumluftfeuchte einzusetzen. In Kongresszentren, Theatern und Warenhäusern lässt sich ein behagliches Raumklima meist nur mit raumlufttechnischen Anlagen zuverlässig aufrechterhalten.

Daher wächst das Interesse an wärmegetriebenen Kühl- und Entfeuchtungsverfahren, die Wärme auf niedrigem Temperaturniveau wie z. B. Fernwärme, Abwärme und insbesondere auch solare Wärme für die Klimatisierung nutzen. Das Fachbuch gibt einen umfassenden Überblick über die verschiedenen Verfahren, Wärme als Antriebsenergie für die Kälteerzeugung zu nutzen.
Energetisch optimiertes Bauen.
Authors: Duzia Thomas , Mucha Rainer
Published: January 2022

Die Entwicklung in der technischen Gebäudeausstattung weist Parallelen zu dem auf, was in der Automobilindustrie schon lange stattzufinden scheint. Was erst als Innovation gefeiert wird, sorgt später dafür, dass die Wartung nur noch von spezialisierten Betrieben übernommen werden kann.

In diesem Buch verdeutlichen die Autoren ihren Standpunkt, dass Installationen entwickelt werden sollen, die von den Nutzern ganz einfach selbst gewartet und repariert werden können. Dabei wird die Frage erörtert, wie bei Gebäuden einerseits der Energieverbrauch gesenkt werden kann, ohne dass sich der Nutzer andererseits in Abhängigkeit von einer Technik begibt, die zusätzliche Kosten für Installation und Wartung nach sich ziehen. Darüber hinaus werfen die Autoren einen Blick auf bewährte Beispiele aus der Baugeschichte, auf die Wirtschaftlichkeit und auf die ökologischen Betrachtungsmöglichkeiten von Baustoffen und grauer Energie.
“Deixe-me torná-lo meu”: proposta de instrumento descritivo para mecanismos de personalização em interfaces digitais | “Let me make you mine”: proposal of a descriptive instrument for digital interface personalization mechanisms
Authors: Padovani Stephania , Puppi Maicon Bernert
Published: January 2022

Este estudo teve como objetivo desenvolver um instrumento voltado para a descrição de mecanismos de personalização em interfaces digitais. Para tanto, utilizamos um processo iterativo de desenvolvimento, com refinamento progressivo. Em um primeiro estágio, conduzimos uma revisão sistemática da literatura que nos permitiu conceituar o termo personalização, identificar parâmetros de classificação e compreender o processo de personalização. Em seguida, alocamos os fundamentos teóricos em uma estrutura de base (5W2H). O instrumento preliminar foi então compartilhado com 5 pesquisadores externos ao projeto, que alteraram sua estrutura inicial com base em referências teóricas adicionais ou dados observacionais de suas pesquisas. Por fim, envolvemos 130 estudantes na utilização do instrumento para análise de mecanismos de personalização. Com base nas dúvidas dos estudantes, realizamos modificações para gerar a versão final do instrumento.*****This study aimed to develop na instrument for the description of personalization features in digital interfaces. In order to achieve such, we adopted an iterative development process, with progressive refinement of the instrument. To begin with, we carried out a systematic literature review, which allowed us to define personalization, identify classification parameters and understand the personalization process. After that, we allocated theoretical constructs in a chosen structure (5W2H). The preliminary instrument was then shared with 5 researchers external to the project, who altered the initial structure with a basis on theoretical references or empirical evidence originated from their own work. Lastly, we involved 130 students in the application of the instrument to analyze personalization features. Based on the doubts that emerged from such process, we updated the instrument towards its final version.
The relative effectiveness of spinal manipulative therapy compared to Diclofenac sodium, in the management of mechanical low back pain
Authors:   , Login Jacqueline Iona
Published: January 2022

Hendler et al. (1995) describes low back pain as the most common, costly and disabling musculosketetal condition. Giles (1997: 28) supports this, stating that the annual incidence of low back pain in the adult population is between two and five percent, with a lifetime prevalence of well over 50%. For clinicians to choose the most appropriate therapy for managing this common condition it is essential for research to be carried out to define the most effective treatment. Shekelle (1994) explains that spinal manipulative therapy is an effective treatment for patients with low back pain, while Cherkin et al. (1995) states that there is strong evidence to support the use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs in the management of mechanical low back pain. It is therefore the purpose of this investigation to determine the relative effectiveness of spinal manipulative therapy compared to Diclofenac Sodium, in terms of subjective and objective measures, in the management of mechanical low back pain. This randomized controlled trial consisted of sixty patients between the ages of 18 and 65, complaining of mechanical low back pain. The sixty patients were randomly divided into two treatment groups of thirty each. One group received spinal manipulative therapy and the remaining thirty were administered Diclofenac Sodium. These patients were carefully screened to allow the researcher to diagnose the patient, with Lumbar Facet Syndrome, Sacroiliac Syndrome or Myofascial Pain Syndrome; or any combination of these syndromes. This is in accordance with Kirkaldy-Willis (1992: 105 - 119) classification system. The thorough examination ensured that each patient had no contra-indications to spinal manipulative therapy or Diclofenac Sodium.
Dutch listeners’ responses to Dutch, British and American English accents in three contexts.
Authors: Nejjari Warda , Gerritsen Marinel , Van Hout Roeland , Planken Brigitte
Published: January 2022

The aim of this study was to assess Dutch listeners’ responses to native-accented Englishes compared with Dutch-accented English in terms of speech understandability and speech evaluations in three professional communication contexts. In a matched-guise experiment Dutch listeners (N=392) responded to a Dutch English, a standard British and American accent in terms of speech understandability (intelligibility, comprehensibility, interpretability) and speaker evaluations (status, affect, dynamism). Dutch listeners evaluated these accents in three communication contexts: Lecture, Audio Tour, Job Pitch. Only context affected speech understandability: comprehensibility and interpretability were higher for the Lecture compared to the Audio Tour and the Job Pitch. Accent only negatively affected status evaluations for Dutch-accented English. Context only evoked more affect in the Audio Tour and the Lecture than in the Job Pitch. Our main conclusion is that Dutch-accented English negatively impacts status, but not understanding, affect and dynamism. Context impacts understanding and affect.
SOSIALISASI PENDIDIKAN INKLUSIF DALAM RANGKA MENINGKATKAN KOMPETENSI GURU PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI
Authors: NURAENI NURAENI , GUNAWAN I MADE SONNY
Published: January 2022

Tujuan dilakukannya kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pemahaman guru akan peran dan fungsinya menjadi seorang pendidik di sekolah inklusif. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan dengan melakukan sosialisasi layanan informasi kepada para guru pendidikan anak usia dini se-kota Mataram. Melalui kegiatan ini diharapkan para guru pendidikan anak usia dini dapat mengoptimalkan perannya di sekolah dalam membantu siswa atau anak usia dini mengembangkan potensinya sesuai dengan tahap-tahap perkembangannya. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan dengan memberikan sosialisasi berupa layanan informasi kepada para guru-guru pendidikan anak usia dini (PAUD) di Kota Mataram. Peserta di dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini berjumlah 80 orang guru PAUD. Hasil dari pengabdian masyarakat ini menunjukkan partisipasi aktif dari guru-guru PAUD, di mana dapat terlihat dari banyaknya pertanyaan yang diajukan kepada narasumber. Lebih lanjut, untuk melihat keefektifan dari kegiatan sosialisasi maka dilakukan proses wawancara secara acak kepada beberapa guru PAUD di Kota Mataram dan hasilnya adalah beberapa guru sudah mampu untuk menyesuaikan proses pembelajaran yang dilakukan dengan kebutuhan siswa.
Drainage reorganization induces deviations in width-area-slope scaling of valleys and channels
Authors: Harel Elhanan , Goren Liran , Crouvi Onn , Ginat Hanan , Shelef Eitan
Published: January 2022

Abstract. The width of valleys and channels affects the hydrology, ecology, and geomorphic functionality of drainage networks. Valley and channel widths are often estimated through a power-law scaling between width (W) and drainage area (A), and where lithologic variability or differential uplift rates dominate, width was suggested to scale with both slope (S) and drainage area, through the relation W = kb Ab Sc. However, in fluvial systems that experience drainage reorganization, abrupt changes in drainage area distribution can result in widths that are disproportional to their drainage areas. Consequently, in such cases, the width-area-slope scaling is expected to deviate relative to drainages that did not experience reorganization. To explore the effect of reorganization on width-area-slope scaling, we studied 12 valley sections in the Negev desert, Israel, categorized into undisturbed, beheaded, and reversed valleys. We found that the drainage area exponent, b, differs between valley categories, and that reversed valleys are characterized by a negative b exponent, indicating valley narrowing with increasing drainage area. A detailed study of a reversed valley reveals that unlike the negative b exponent that links drainage area to valley width, the relation between drainage area and channel width is best fitted with a positive b exponent. This difference indicates that the timescale of channel width adjustment to post-reorganization drainage area distribution is faster than that of the valley width adjustment. We find that the difference in channel width across the divide causes a step change in unit stream power between the adjusted reserved channel and the unadjusted, beheaded channel. Gradients in width and unit stream power across the divide, lead to a width-feedback that promotes ongoing divide migration and reorganization. The identified distinct width-area-slope scaling of reorganized valleys could assist in recognizing and constraining the dynamics of landscapes influenced by drainage reorganization and likely has critical implications for the distribution of erosion rates in reorganized landscapes.
COP26 and Health: Some Progress, But Too Slow and Not Enough
Authors: Laybourn-Langton Laurie , Smith Richard
Published: January 2022

The editorial on climate change and biodiversity published in over 220 health journals in September had two main demands: keep global temperature increases below 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels to avoid catastrophic damage to health; and accept that this can be achieved only by rich countries making bigger cuts in greenhouse gas emissions and transferring substantial resources to the countries’ most vulnerable the effects of climate change.1 Neither demand was fully met at COP26 in Glasgow. The editorial was also aiming to make the voice of the health community more prominent in global discussions on climate change and environmental destruction. Some progress was made with this aim, but again not enough.
 
Although the mantra of COP26 was “keep 1.5°C alive,” the pledges made by countries to reduce emissions are insufficient to keep the temperature rise to below 1.5°C. Before COP26, the United Nations estimated that current pledges will lead to an increase of 2.7°C, a level that would lead to devastating effects on health through extreme weather events, crop failure, water shortages, forced migration, conflict, and a rise in sea level that will mean the disappearance of some island countries.2 Even with the additional pledges made at COP26, temperatures are expected to rise well above 2°C.3
We must encourage countries to be bolder in cutting emissions, promoting adaptation, supporting vulnerable countries – and do more to hold them to account. We must also concentrate on implementation, particularly within health systems where we have most influence.
Percepciones, imaginarios y conocimientos sobre diversidad sexual entre estudiantes de trabajo social
Authors: Restrepo Pineda Jair Eduardo
Published: January 2022

El objetivo del artículo es realizar un análisis sobre las percepciones, los imaginarios y los conocimientos en el ámbito de la diversidad sexual e identidad de género que poseen los y las estudiantes de un programa de trabajo social en el departamento de Antioquia, Colombia. Método y población: Se diseñó un estudio cualitativo de tipo analítico y descriptivo a través de un cuestionario que los y las estudiantes de trabajo social de todos los semestres podían auto diligenciar a través de un enlace on-line, el cuestionario incluía como herramienta adicional el test de asociación libre de palabras que permitió realizar un análisis de las representaciones sociales que sobre la diversidad sexual tenían los y las estudiantes. Resultados y conclusión: Los y las estudiantes poseen conocimientos básicos sobre la diversidad sexual y género, sin embargo, existe una fuerte presencia de prejuicios y estereotipos que pueden conducir a un trato discriminatorio hacia las personas con orientaciones sexuales e identidades de género no hegemónicas, si dichos prejuicios e imaginarios no son desvirtuados a través de la formación profesional que reciben los y las estudiantes de trabajo social.
The Silurian in the West Balkan Mts. (Svoge Unit, Srednogorie Zone) – 110 years later
Authors: Sachanski Valeri
Published: January 2022

Earliest studies on the Silurian System in Bulgaria are associated with the names of Dimitar Allahverdzhiev and Stefan Bonchev. Allahverdzhiev was the first to find Silurian graptolites in this country; his specimens are housed in the Laboratory of Geocollections of the Geological Institute (Bulgarian Academy of Sciences). Bonchev laid the foundations of the lithostratigraphic subdivision of Palaeozoic sediments in the West Balkan Mts. by distinguishing all their lithologic variations. In terms of regional tectonic zonation, the study area is a part of a first-rank Late Alpine unit, the Srednogorie Zone, represented by the Svoge Unit. The lithostratigraphy of the Palaeozoic marine successions in the Svoge Unit consists of nine formal units (Grohoten, Tseretsel, Sirman, Saltar, Mala Reka, Yabukov Dol, Ogradishte, Romcha and Katina formations) and one informal unit (silty-clayey metaformation). Their distribution is illustrated in a geologic map. The biostratigraphic subdivision of the Silurian System in Bulgaria is based on graptolites. Herein, the latest two “standard” zonal schemes are shown: the Generalized graptolite zonation and the Graptolite zonation for the peri-Gondwana (Europe). About 25% of these graptolite zones have not yet been recognized in Bulgaria; the extent of the others is plotted against a generalized section of the Silurian System for the region.
Hydrogeochemical features of pore-waters of bottom sediments of the shelf and limans of the Northwestern Black Sea region
Authors: Pedan Galina , Dragomyretska Olena
Published: January 2022

The article presents information on the chemical composition and salinity of pore-waters of the Holocene bottom sediments in the shelf and limans from the Northwestern Black Sea region. The specific features of the water quality distribution laterally and in depth are considered. The peculiarities of the structure of hydrogeochemical sections confirm the transgressive-regressive character of the sea level change. Analysis of the geological structure, hydrogeochemical and paleoclimatic features allowed to substantiate the hypothesis of the use of limans as sources of salt in the Holocene period. Based on the information on the hydrochemical features of bottom sediments and changes in sea level, the reconstructions of paleogeographic sedimentation environments during the late Pleistocene-Holocene time on the northwestern shelf and limans of the Black Sea are presented.
ECONOMIC ORGANIZATION OF KHUSRA COMMUNITY OF PAKISTAN
Authors:   Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, Zulfiqar Fahd , Badshah Ikram ,   Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad
Published: January 2022

In the context of Pakistan, existing literature on male-female transgender persons has majorly focused on health-related issues such as Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) and HIV/AIDS. Very few research studies have gone beyond and explored the socio-cultural aspects of khusra lives and their socio-economic organization. The objective of current research is to focus on the economic organization of khusra community using qualitative research as the research strategy. For the purpose of current research, data was collected from 4 locales; Mansehra City, City Kasur, Rawalpindi and Kot Radha Kishan. In-depth interviews were conducted with sampled respondents from sampled sub-locales of 4 main locales. The findings highlight that set against the backdrop of their lives categorized by structural violence, socio-economic discrimination, and ostracization, khusra community manages to integrate with the wider population through various forms of survival strategies, which for the current study are grouped under economic organization. These forms of survival strategies or livelihood options were the focus of the current research. The data elicited through individual and group interviews highlight dhinga/tola bazar, bidhaee and taarhi. dance functions, and prostitution as the forms of economic organization. These forms of economic organization do not guarantee social security and are transient in nature. Furthermore, the narratives also detail various forms of risks and vulnerabilities (socio-economic and health-related), respondents face while earning through prostitution and other forms of economic organization. Keywords: Economic Organization Ethnography, Khusra, and Pakistan
Microsurgical decompression of the peroneal nerve in treatment of fibular tunnel syndrome
Authors: Baytinger A. V.
Published: January 2022

Fibular tunnel syndrome (FTS) is the most common neuropathy of the lower extremity. Compression of the peroneal nerve leads to movement and sensory disorders, which is manifested by weakness of the muscles that normally provide dorsiflexion of the foot and toes, gait disturbance and loss of sensitivity. Our study involved 30 patients with symptoms of FTS. All underwent microsurgical two-level decompression of the peroneal nerve. In the postoperative period, the results of the operation were assessed by changes in sensory and motor neurological deficits according to the British Medical Research Council Scale (BMRCS). It has been proven that the peroneal nerve decompression technique is an effective way to treat primary and secondary FTS. In this case, the restoration of sensitive fibers occurs earlier than motor ones. Taking into account the similarity of clinical manifestations with proximal lesions and the structural features of the canal, it is necessary to develop a clinic-diagnostic algorithm to determine the therapeutic tactics and the volume of surgical intervention.
A Review on Network Security and Cryptography
Authors: B. Savant Vaishnavi , D. Kasar Rupali
Published: January 2022

Cryptography is the science of information security. Information security is the most extreme basic issue in guaranteeing safe transmission of data through the web. Also network security issues are now becoming important as society is moving towards digital information age. The word cryptography is derived from Greek kryptos, meaning concealed as more and more users connect to the internet it attracts a lot of cyber-attacks. Its required to protect computer and network security i.e. the critical issues. The pernicious hubs make an issue in the system. It can utilize the assets of different hubs and safeguard the assets of its own. In this paper we provide an overview on Network Security and various techniques through which Network Security can be enhanced i.e. Cryptography.
“Hijab Is My Identity”: Beyond the Politics of the Veil: The Appropriations of the Veil in an Inner-City Muslim Area of Accra (Ghana) since the 1980s
Authors: Prempeh Charles
Published: January 2022

The object of this ethnographic study is to assess the contemporary debates surrounding the veil (hijab) and the cultural reinterpretation of the hair in Maamobi, an inner-city Muslim area of Accra, Ghana. Instead of reproducing the Orientalists' view of the veil as oppressive to women in Islam, the paper analyses the significance of the veil and its appropriation within the Islamic faith in recent times. I maintain that in the midst of religious plurality and the widespread perception of a fast-declining morality in urban Accra, the “traditional” role of women as gatekeepers of religious values has been refashioned in the veil debate. This study is based on my position as a resident of Maamobi for more than three decades as well as twelve months of ethnographic fieldwork I conducted in 2018 and 2019 to discuss the history and social use of the veil from the 1980s to contemporary times.
Somatizing the Past: Healing the Dead through Spirit Possession in the Garifuna Dugu of Honduras
Authors: Perdomo Marcela Maria
Published: January 2022

This article explores the connection between individual experience, religious initiation, historical consciousness, and ethnicity within the context of Dugu, the religion practiced by the Garifuna, an Afro-Amerindian group that originated in the Caribbean island of Saint Vincent. During colonial times, in 1797, the British Crown forced the Garifuna people to leave their homeland; they were displaced to the Atlantic coast of Central America, where they now live in scattered communities. This traumatic event remains entrenched in Dugu and emerges among individuals' somatic experiences and ritual performance. Overwhelmed, ancestors become visible in dreams and hallucinatory visions and are the instigators of misfortune. Also, the spirits of the dead are believed to act on the bodies of their living descendants by spirit possession. By focusing on some recurrent patterns of possession episodes among the Garifuna people, I argue that particular scenes of a collective memory are embodied by individuals, who evolve from afflicted patients to “living supports” of a historical legacy via initiation.
Damned If You Do, Damned If You Don't: The Paradox of Africana Religions' Legal Status
Authors: Ogunnaike Ayodeji
Published: January 2022

The Jamaican government reconsidering the Obeah Act in the summer of 2019 highlighted the legacy of prejudice and criminalization of Africana religious systems and practices left by colonization across ethno-linguistic borders and the broader Black Atlantic. It also highlighted how some traditions such as Béninois Vodun, Candomblé, Santería, and oriṣa worship in parts of Nigeria have successfully managed to combat state policing and prejudice to gain official recognition and legal protection. However, this article analyzes the way even the legal and conceptual success of Africana religions in the modern world places them in a Catch-22. Drawing attention to the fundamental differences between modern conceptions and assumptions of what constitutes “religion,” the article traces the history of how modern political and legal structures either exclude and oppress Africana traditions or exert subtle pressure on them to conform to conceptions of “religion” that are more intelligible and acceptable to their largely Western-based frameworks.
Uso problemático de la tecnología, motivación y rendimiento académico en escolares
Authors: GUTIÉRREZ LUGO TANIA Tania Lizbeth , Sotelo Castillo Mirsha Alicia , Ramos Estrada Dora Yolanda
Published: January 2022

La implementación y uso de la tecnología ha tenido beneficios importantes en el quehacer diario, sin embargo,  es importante considerar que su uso también puede tener consecuencias negativas, además de representar posibles riesgos y amenazas, sobre todo en los menores. Su uso problemático puede generar una disminución en el tiempo dedicado a los estudios y con ello verse afectado los niveles de motivación hacia el aprendizaje y el rendimiento académico. El objetivo general del estudio fue determinar la relación entre el uso problemático de las tecnologías, la motivación hacia el aprendizaje  y el rendimiento académico en niños y niñas escolares entre 9 y 12 años. Fue de tipo cuantitativo con diseño no experimental transversal correlacional y comparativo. Participaron 171 alumnos entre los 9 y 12 años de edad; para la recolección de los datos se utilizaron dos escalas tipo Likert relacionadas con el uso problemático de la tecnología (internet, videojuegos, celular, tablet y computadora), y la motivación hacia el aprendizaje, para la medición del rendimiento académico se consideró el promedio de calificaciones. Los resultados indicaron relaciones estadísticamente significativas entre el uso de la tecnología con el rendimiento académico y este a su vez con la motivación, asimismo, se encontraron diferencias entre los grupos de promedio bajo y alto. Es una realidad que desde edades tempranas se accede al mundo tecnológico y los convierte en un grupo vulnerable para desencadenar usos problemáticos, lo cual se ve reflejado en su desempeño.
Dwustronna przyczynowość i rozszerzona synteza ewolucyjna
Authors: Buskell Andrew , Sagan Dariusz
Published: January 2022

Zespół Kevina Lalanda przedstawił liczne argumenty przemawiające za rozszerzoną syntezą ewolucyjną. W tym artykule analizuję kluczową dla tych uczonych koncepcję dwustronnej przyczynowości. Koncepcja ta przywoływana jest w wielu argumentach na rzecz przyjęcia rozszerzonej ewolucjonistycznej ramy pojęciowej, niewielka część tych argumentów jest jednak jasno sprecyzowana. Objaśniam tutaj tę koncepcję i przedstawiam trzy linie argumentacji, w których jest ona wykorzystywana. Wskazuję na to, w których punktach sceptycy mogą podważać — i podważają — te argumenty, jak również zwracam uwagę na główne, w moim przekonaniu, problemy empiryczne, eksplanacyjne i metodologiczne związane z tą koncepcją.
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA KELAS V DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPA DI SDN KARANG TENGAH 11 KOTA TANGERANG
Authors: Amalia Aisah , Puspita Rini Candra , Amaliyah Aam
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas V dalam pembelajaran IPA di SDN Karang Tengah 11 dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas V dalam Pembelajaran IPA di SDN Karang Tengah 11. Fokus penelitian ini adalah kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas V dalam pembelajaran IPA di SDN Karang Tengah 11 dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa kelas V dalam pembelajaran IPA di SDN Karang Tengah 11. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VB SDN Karang Tengah 11 Kota Tangerang. Diantaranya siswa kategori kemampuan berpikir kritis tinggi, siswa kategori kemampuan berpikir kritis sedang dan siswa kategori kemampuan berpikir kritis rendah. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, tes, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan siswa dengan kategori kemampuan berpikir kritis tinggi dapat memenuhi semua indikator berpikir kritis, siswa dengan kategori kemampuan berpikir kritis sedang mampu memenuhi tiga indikator berpikir kritis dan siswa dengan kategori kemampuan berpikir kritis rendah hanya mampu memenuhi dua indikator berpikir kritis rendah. Hal ini juga dikarenakan adanya beberapa faktor yang memepengaruhi kemampuan berpikir rkitis siswa yaitu sebagai berikut : faktor internal seperti faktor kondisi fisik, motivasi, kecemasan, perkembangan intelektual dan interaksi dan faktor eksternal berhubungan dari luar individu berupa lingkungan sosial.
Giám sát lúa và ước tính sinh khối dựa trên thuật toán học máy với dữ liệu Sentinel-1a đa thời gian
Authors: Đỗ Thị Ngọc Ánh , Nguyễn Thị Thảo Vân , Nguyễn Phương Anh , Phạm Minh Hải , Hoàng Anh Lê , Bùi Quang Thành , Phạm Văn Mạnh
Published: January 2022

Viễn thám radar khẩu độ tổng hợp (SAR) cung cấp một phương pháp tiếp cận linh hoạt và mang đến cơ hội thu thập thông tin cây trồng mà không bị hạn chế bởi các yếu tố điều kiện thời tiết. Khả năng ứng dụng của dữ liệu Sentinel-1 SAR với phân cực kép cho phép nhận diện các ruộng lúa riêng lẻ, và với chu kỳ chụp lặp đủ để giám sát tình trạng sinh trưởng của các loại cây trồng khác nhau. Trong những năm gần đây, với sự phát triển không ngừng của các thuật toán học máy, học sâu trên thế giới, đặc biệt là mạng nơ-ron tích chập (CNN) đã thu được nhiều kết quả tốt trong phát hiện và chiết tách thông tin trên ảnh viễn thám. Nghiên cứu này, đề xuất mô hình phân loại dựa trên mạng nơ-ron tích chập sâu (DCNN) để chiết tách ruộng lúa từ dữ liệu Sentinel-1 SAR. Các chỉ số vật lý đã được tính toán từ phân cực (VH và VV) và một đội di động kiểm tra hình thái sinh trưởng của cây lúa. Đối với kết quả trích xuất ruộng lúa được xác minh bằng độ chính xác tổng thể (OA) và xác nhận chéo (CV) đều đạt kết quả tốt trên 0,85. Trong khi đó, độ chính xác ước tính định lượng sinh khối lúa đạt kết quả cao ở cả hai vụ Đông-Xuân (R2=0,79; RMSE=0,12 kg) và Hè-Thu (R2=0,77; RMSE=0,15 kg). Kết quả chỉ ra rằng, việc sử dụng dữ liệu Sentinel-1 SAR có thể được áp dụng để lập bản đồ phân bố không gian và ước tính định lượng sinh khối của cây lúa trong các điều kiện thời tiết khác nhau. Khung phương pháp luận tổng hợp được phát triển trong nghiên cứu này, có thể được áp dụng trên các ruộng lúa trên khắp Việt Nam và các khu vực trồng lúa lớn tương tự trên thế giới.
Xây dựng giải pháp tối ưu việc xác định các tham số của hàm hiệp phương sai lý thuyết trong phương pháp LSC
Authors: Nguyễn Thành Lê , Nguyễn Văn Sáng , Đinh Xuân Mạnh
Published: January 2022

Bài báo nghiên cứu về phương pháp xác định các tham số tối ưu của hàm hiệp phương sai lý thuyết trong phương pháp LSC. Cơ sở lý thuyết của phương pháp đã được nghiên cứu chi tiết. Trên cơ sở lý thuyết, chương trình “Fitting Covariance Function” xác định các tham số tối ưu của hàm hiệp phương sai lý thuyết đã được xây dựng bằng ngôn ngữ C#. Dựa trên chương trình mới xây dựng, nhóm tác giả đã tính toán thực nghiệm cho số liệu thuộc khu vực Miền Trung, các tham số tối ưu nhận được là: N = 224; f = 0,108; A = 0,15.106; Phương sai = 125,91 mGal2; RE-RB = -0,471 km. Các tham số nhận đã được kiểm tra thủ công trên chương trình “COVFITˮ trong bộ phần mềm GRAVSOFT để khẳng định tính đúng đắn. So với “COVFIT” thì chương trình mới có ưu điểm là: Tự động tính toán, không cần nhập các tham số đầu vào; Tự động vẽ đồ thị của hiệp phương sai thực nghiệm và lý thuyết; Tự động lọc ra bộ tham số tối ưu; Người tính không cần có chuyên môn sâu và nhiều kinh nghiệm. Chương trình đã khắc phục được những hạn chế của chương trình “COVFITˮ
140 What Effect Does Systems Integration Simulation Have on the Sense of Preparedness of Teams Moving to a New Unit?
Authors: Twentyman Kathryn , Howie Katie , Oliver Nathan
Published: January 2022

Testing new healthcare systems, environments and processes using simulation-based methods is a rapidly growing topic in the literature. By testing systems in a safe and controlled environment, simulation for system integration allows operational and safety issues to be flagged up without risking patient care

This study aims to explore the lived experience of change in nurses moving to a new hospital, and the impact of a simulation programme on their sense of preparedness.

The Patient Environment Simulation for Systems Integration (PESSI) programme was developed to test new processes and environments to identify latent safety threats and systems issues prior to staff, patient and community use. A major PESSI project was commissioned to aid the transition of paediatric care in Edinburgh to a new hospital site. Simulation scenarios were developed to mimic an average working morning for each department using staff feedback on processes or factors that might be affected by the change in environment. Staff were invited to participate in departmental simulation days which included orientation in the new environment, a simulation scenario, and a professional debriefing. Following each session, a report was produced detailing key findings.

The research team selected a constructivist phenomenological approach to the enquiry and using Bartunek’s et al.’s conceptual framework designed pre- and post-simulation semi-structured interviews (SSIs), and mid-intervention ‘headline reflections’

Results are currently being analysed following the hospital move in March this year. Early findings suggest ‘quality of communication’ and ‘opportunity for familiarization with the environment’ were key themes influencing participant’s feelings of preparedness prior to the move. While ‘recognition of voice’, ‘personal impact’ and ‘good leadership’ appear to be factors impacting participants’ feelings towards the change in working environment after the move. Early indications suggest that the inclusion of local staff groups as part of this simulation had a positive impact on the perception and preparedness of large-scale change.

As simulation for system integration becomes more common, it is important that we tailor simulation programmes to best prepare not only the new systems but also the people working there. This can only be done through listening and learning from staff experiences. The research team will seek to publish these findings to help inform future simulation for systems integration programmes.