bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Deep Brain Stimulation on Addictive Behaviors A Case Series of Parkinsonians Patients
Authors: I* de Chazeron , C Lambert , G Brousse , JL Houeto , N Jaafari , O Rascol , F Ory Magne , P Krack , G Barroche , R Schwan , A Doe de Maindreville , M Vidailhet , ML Welter , JJ Lemaire , PM Llorca
Published: January 2025

Deep brain stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus (STN-DBS) is a recognized treatment in Parkinson’s disease (PD), but knowledge is still limited regarding its possible impact on patients with Behavioral Addiction (BA) who undergo surgery.

To assess this effect of STN-DBS, we carried out a prospective study of the follow-up of 12 PD patients with pre-existing BA (9 with pathological gambling disorder, 2 with hypersexual disorder, and 1 with compulsive shopping disorder), from 3-months pre-surgery to 12-months post-surgery, in a multicenter study. The patients were assessed for BA, mental status with anxiety, depression, mania, emotional process and for PD, using the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale Motor Examination (UPDRS3) and cumulative daily L-Dopa Equivalent Daily Dose (LEDD). Mean 6 and 12-month post-surgery scores were compared to baseline.

After one year of STN-DBS, our results indicated that the treatment remained generally effective and stable. There was no effect on mania state or negative impact on motor signs. A significant improvement of the anxiety score was also observed.

STN is an interesting target for new therapeutic stimulation in BA and more works performed to investigate this neurobiological architecture should be performed in the future.
A Comprehensive Review of IgG4 Related Disease Unraveling the Role of B and T Lymphocytes in the Pathogenesis of the Disease
Authors: Mancuso* Gaia
Published: January 2025

IgG4-RD is a chronic fibro inflammatory disease characterized by a significant elevation of serum IgG4 concentration and marked infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells in the affected organs. A dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate and the formation of ectopic lymphoid structures are characteristic histopathological findings in an IgG4-RD lesions. These findings strongly suggest the preferential involvement of T and B lymphocytes in the development of this disease. We want to sum up the last evidences regarding the IgG4-RD with a focus on the role of the involvement of CD4+T-cell subsets and B lymphocytes.
Microbiome-Targeted Therapies: Developments and Recent Updates
Authors: Qarni Baig* Mohammed Awase
Published: January 2025

The microbiome, a complex microbial community found in ecosystems like animals, plants, and humans, plays a crucial role in maintaining health and preventing diseases. These communities promote healthy growth, protect against infectious diseases, and support complex behavioural traits in animals like learning and memory. Human microbiota, also known as "the hidden organ," plays a pivotal role in maintaining physiological functions, such as nutrient extraction, biosynthesis, immune, endocrine, and nervous system interactions, and resistance to pathogen colonization. Research in microbiome therapies is advancing rapidly, leading to a new era of precision medicine where the gut microbiome becomes an integral part of the clinical landscape. Microbiome therapies play a vital role in impacting gut health by modulating the gut microbiota to achieve beneficial effects for the host. This research is paving the way for a new era of precision medicine, where the gut microbiome becomes an integral part of the clinical landscape.
Pharmacological Evaluation of Atranorin: A Comprehensive Study on its Biological Activities
Authors: Somasekhar* Tiruveedhula , Gundoju Narayana Rao , Krishna Boddu Rama , Elkhateeb Waill
Published: January 2025

Lichens are a rich source of diverse secondary metabolites, with depsides playing a crucial role in their biological properties. Atranorin, a prominent depside, has been widely studied due to its significant pharmacological effects. This review explores the biosynthesis of atranorin, elucidates its molecular structure, and presents insights from docking studies that reveal its interactions with key biological targets. Furthermore, the diverse biological effects of atranorin including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antioxidant, and antifungal activities are discussed. These findings highlight atranorin's broad therapeutic potential, making it a promising candidate for drug development.
A Study on the Application of TRIZ in Wooden Stool Design and Manufacturing
Authors: Lin* Cheng-Jung , Shen Min-Chien , Lin Po-Heng , Chin-Mei Lee
Published: January 2025

This study, based on TRIZ theory, explored the design and manufacturing process of wooden low stools. The results showed that the systematic approach and innovative tools provided by TRIZ theory effectively resolved various contradictions encountered in the design of wooden low stools, thereby enhancing the product's performance, aesthetics, functionality, and competitiveness. Through the appropriate application of TRIZ, product design and manufacturing were optimized, providing a reference for promoting the upgrading and transformation of the entire wooden furniture industry. This study offered TRIZ theory as a thought process for product design research and provided a reference for the wood industry and woodworking workshops.
Electrochemical Sensor Based on Mgo@PANI@CNT Nanocomposites for Simultaneous Detection of Cd2+ and Pb2+
Authors: Dhaffouli* Afef , Ali Emna , Guesmi Sondes , Salazar-Carballo Pedro A , Barhoumi Houcine
Published: January 2025

The high adsorption capacities of Polyaniline (PANI) and Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs) for heavy metals, combined with the synergistic effect of Magnesium Oxide (MgO), were leveraged to develop a modified Glassy Carbon Electrode (GCE), referred to as MgO@PANI@CNT/GCE, for the accurate detection of Cd²+ and Pb²⁺ ions. A comprehensive investigation of the electrochemical response of the MgO@PANI@CNT/GCE was carried out using Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV). A systematic optimisation of the electrochemical parameters, including the pH of the buffer solution, the amount of MgO@PANI@CNT on the electrode surface, and the drying time, was carried out. Under optimal conditions, the MgO@PANI@CNT/GCE sensor showed a linear response in the concentration range from 10-8 to 2.5 × 10-7 M. The lowest detectable concentrations for Cd2+ and Pb2+ were measured as 5 × 10-8 M and 2.5 × 10-8 M, respectively. The sensor exhibited excellent stability and reproducibility, and its practical utility was confirmed through the successful detection of Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺ in river water samples, highlighting its effectiveness for real-world applications.
Potato Derived Exosome Nanoparticles as Anti Inflammation Agents
Authors: Lee Yeji , Jeong Da-Young , Yang* Sanghwa
Published: January 2025

The screening of exosomes from various sources reveals that potato-derived exosomes exhibit the most significant anti-inflammatory activity, as demonstrated by RT-PCR analyses of Tumor Necrosis Factor expression in exosome-treated HaCaT cells. Exosomes extracted from potatoes are nanoparticles averaging 66 nm in diameter and possess the ability to actively infiltrate cells. In an Ex-vivo model of concanavalin A-treated mouse Th1 cells for autoimmune hepatitis, exosomes produced from potatoes significantly inhibit the production of Interferon gamma. Our studies highlight the significant potential of exosomes from potatoes for cosmetic and medicinal uses.
Platelet Aggregation Modulation by a Cholesterol Derivative identified in Skin Secretions from Arabian Gulf Catfish (Arius bilineatus, Val.)
Authors: M Al-Hassan Jassim , Afzal Mohammad , Oommen Sosamma , Liu Yuan Fang , Khan Meraj , Pace-Asciak* Cecil
Published: January 2025

We present in this study that one Oxysterol (OS) within the lipid fraction of the isolated epidermal gel released from freshly caught catfish from the Arabian Gulf (Arius bilineatus, Val.) potently and selectively inhibits the collagen-evoked aggregation of human platelets in vitro. This cholesterol metabolite, identified as Cholesterol-3,5,6-triol (S5) is one of 14 steroids/oxysterols identified in the lipid fraction of the secreted epidermal gel. The selective ­­action of S5 in this study suggests that it may have efficacy in cancer therapy as platelet inhibition has been shown to be important in the therapeutic control of cancer and in other chronic diseases including inflammation and related diseases.
Spectral Dependence of Inhibitory Effect of Blue Light on Cancer Cells and Efficacy of Light-Induced Intracellular Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species In vitro
Authors: Plavskii* Vitaly Yu
Published: January 2025

A quarter of a century after establishment of inhibitory effect of blue light on growth of cancer cells, many aspects of mechanism of photophysical and photochemical processes underlying the effect of above physical factor have been quite well studied. However, the most controversial question remains about molecules-acceptors of optical radiation. Important information about possible participation of particular endogenous compound in the implementation of photobiomodulation effect can be obtained from comparison of its absorption spectrum and spectrum of action of optical radiation on cells. In this regard, we studied the spectral dependence of light-induced changes in metabolic activity of HeLa cells as well as the dependence of ROS level formation in cells when exposed to radiation from LED sources, peaking at λmax = 395, 405, 415, 445,465 nm, in the energy dose range of 1.5-15.0 J/cm2. It has been shown for the first time that inhibitory effect of blue light as well as the level of light-induced ROS formation decrease with increasing wavelength of applied radiation. A new pattern has been established, consisting of change in the contribution of various types of ROS to photobiological effects recorded at different time intervals after the cessation of cell irradiation.
Exercise Induced Changes in the Hippocampal Proteome of Mice during Aging
Authors: Carestia Elena , Sulpizio Marilisa , Di Giuseppe Fabrizio , Giuliani Patricia , Di Iorio Patrizia , Ciccarelli* Renata , Di Ilio Carmine , Angelucci Stefania
Published: January 2025

Clinical studies suggest that regular and moderate physical activity has a positive influence on the general health of individuals, including neuro-psychological well-being. In particular, physical exercise can improve memory storage and learning ability, thus reducing the risk of developing serious neurodegenerative diseases and some forms of dementia. The same should happen for brain aging, where cognitive decline has been mainly related to dysregulation of synaptic function, in turn associated with changes in multiple intracellular processes, including protein turnover and activity that appear to be crucial in brain aging. Since the influence of physical exercise on this aspect is not yet clear, the aim of our investigation was to evaluate, through proteomic analysis, whether physical exercise can modulate the expression of proteins potentially implicated in cognitive functions. We used adult female CD-1 mice, a healthy control strain, and divided animals in sedentary and trained groups. After different periods (2,4 and 6 months) of treadmill training, the mouse hippocampal proteome was analyzed using two-dimensional electrophoresis and MALDI TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. Exercise influenced the expression of 18 proteins, whose expression was confirmed by LIFT technology and Western Blot analysis. These proteins are involved in several processes such as enhancing antioxidant defence, maintaining the efficiency of mitochondrial energy metabolism and cellular plasticity. Our data would indicate that the exercise-modified activity of these molecules could be relevant to support the brain’s capacity for learning and memory storage and, therefore, to preserve the cognitive performance against age-related decline.
Interplaying Role of Epigenetic, Exercise and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases
Authors: Liang* Michael TC , Moustafa Moustafa Bayoumi , Wong Nathan D , Rocha Jose Rangel , Auslander Alexandra T
Published: January 2025

It is important to understand the interplay of epigenetic changes, exercise and nutrition associated with the development of obesity and type-2 diabetes because it offers insights into how environment and lifestyle factors can influence gene expression without altering the genetic code. This knowledge can lead to the development of optimal interventions and preventive strategies that could potentially decrease the rising rates of obesity and type-2 diabetes. The purpose of this review is to examine the interplay of epigenetic, exercise and nutrition on inflammation and metabolic diseases including obesity and type-2 diabetes, and to acquaint the clinicians and researchers with the current advancing and evolving field of exercise and epigenetics. The proposed mechanisms involved pertain to the development of insulin resistance in peripheral tissues and type-2 diabetes including inflammation. The benefits with regular exercise include improvement in metabolic health occurring through adaptative mechanisms in the adipose tissue, skeletal muscle, and liver as well as improvement in insulin resistance. Physical activity is defined by providing physiological characteristics of physical fitness that includes aerobic or cardiorespiratory fitness, and muscular strength and muscular endurance via regular aerobic exercise or resistance training. Exercise training encompasses training modality, exercise frequency and duration. We discuss the interplay of epigenetic mechanisms in inflammation that may contribute to the current worldwide obesity and type-2 diabetes. Specifically, epigenetic induces a change in phenotype without changes in genotype and thus the epigenome can modify the genome outcome through several processes that include DNA methylation, post-translational histone modification and gene regulation mediated by non-coding RNA (ncRNA) mechanisms that have been correlated with various metabolic and inflammatory diseases.
Current Treatments for Parkinsons Disease
Authors: Aksoy Ayse , Usta Duygu Deniz , Yar Saglam* Atiye Seda
Published: January 2025

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is the second most frequently observed slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's. Although dopamine replacement remains an essential component of treatment, the point at which dyskinetic movements and motor fluctuations begin may demand a number of different approaches, both medical and surgical, delivered within a multidisciplinary framework. Significant new approaches to dopamine replacement are emerging. One of the most challenging aspects of treating the disease is the management of various non-motor symptoms, including anxiety, depression, constipation, bladder dysfunction, and sleep disorders. Innovative strategies are urgently required to combat these symptoms, which have a significant negative impact on quality of life. This review presents the latest therapeutic approaches that support the optimal treatment of both the non-motor and motor symptoms of PD.
Morphological Diversity and Distribution of New World Monkeys across Brazilian Biomes
Authors: Montgomery* Richard Murdoch
Published: January 2025

The morphological diversity of New World monkeys (Platyrrhini) across Brazilian biomes represents a remarkable example of adaptive radiation in Neotropical primates. This review synthesizes current knowledge about morphological adaptations and distribution patterns of platyrrhine primates across Brazil's major biomes, focusing on the relationship between form and function in different ecological contexts. Through analysis of recent geometric morphometric studies, ecological surveys, and comparative anatomical research, we identify several key patterns of morphological variation, including: a continuous gradient of postcranial adaptations rather than discrete locomotor categories, unexpected variations in temporal bone architecture across forest strata, and rapid morphological responses to local dietary conditions as evidenced by dental morphology. Our synthesis reveals that morphological adaptation in Brazilian platyrrhines involves complex trade-offs between competing functional demands, with different anatomical systems evolving at varying rates. The relationship between morphological specialization and ecological resilience emerges as particularly significant, with implications for conservation strategies in the face of habitat modification and climate change. We demonstrate that traditional views of morphological adaptation as a gradual process require revision, as populations show capacity for relatively rapid morphological responses to environmental changes. These findings have important implications for both evolutionary theory and conservation practice, suggesting the need for approaches that preserve not just species, but the full spectrum of morphological diversity and the ecological contexts that generate and maintain it.
Exploring Customer Satisfaction and Engagement in Café Culture: The Role of Intergenerational Interactions and Digital Engagement
Authors: Agrawal Heit , Shah Supan , Shah Tanish , Bachani Jenith , Chauhan Rahul , Maseleno Andino
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the experiences and satisfaction levels of café-goers in Ahmedabad, focusing on the impact of intergenerational interactions, digital engagement, and cultural inclusivity on customer preferences and revisit intentions among younger consumers aged 18 to 35. Data were collected from 100 respondents using a structured questionnaire that addressed key factors such as service quality, ambiance, and overall social reinforcement. Regression analysis revealed no significant relationships between the independent variables and the purpose of visiting cafés, indicating the complexity of factors influencing customer behavior. The findings suggest the need for further exploration of additional variables to capture the intricacies of customer satisfaction. This research contributes to understanding the evolving café culture and its implications for enhancing customer experiences in public spaces.
Current approaches in the diagnosis and treatment of organizing pneumonia
Authors: Arı Maşide
Published: January 2025

Organizing pneumonia (OP), is a rare yet well-defined form of interstitial lung disease. The condition can be idiopathic, termed cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP), or secondary to various causes, including infections, connective tissue diseases, medications, and malignancies. OP typically presents with nonspecific symptoms such as cough, dyspnea, fever, and weight loss, often mimicking other respiratory conditions like pneumonia or interstitial lung diseases. Radiological findings are varied but commonly include bilateral, patchy consolidations or ground-glass opacities with preserved lung volumes. Diagnosis often requires high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and may be confirmed by lung biopsy when clinical and imaging findings are inconclusive. Laboratory studies and bronchoalveolar lavage can aid in excluding alternative diagnoses. Glucocorticoids remain the mainstay of treatment, with most patients responding well to therapy. This review explores current advances in the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and management of OP, emphasizing the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to optimize patient outcomes.
The Impact of Hotel Staff's Cultural Competence on Job Crafting and Prosocial Service Behavior
Authors:   Academic Society of Global Business Administration, Jeong Gap Yeon
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to confirm the effect of hotel employees' cultural competence on job crafting and pro-social service behavior. Accordingly, this study classified cultural competence into cultural awareness, knowledge, and experience, job crafting into task, relational, and cognitive crafting, and pro-social service behavior into extra-role behavior, role-prescribed service behavior and employee cooperation, and attempted to examine the relationships among these variables. To this end, data for empirical analysis were collected and analyzed from 209 employees of five-star hotels in Seoul.
The empirical analysis results showed that the sub-factors of cultural competence of hotel employees generally had a positive effect on job crafting. However, among cultural competence, cultural awareness was found to have a positive effect on task and cognitive crafting, but not on relational crafting. In addition, it was confirmed that the sub-factors of hotel employees' job crafting generally had a positive effect on pro-social service behavior. However, cognitive crafting, a sub-element of job crafting, was found to have no effect on extra-role behavior, a sub-element of prosocial service behavior. The results of this study suggest implications for the importance of competencies and job crafting necessary for hotel employees to improve pro-social service behaviors in responding appropriately to domestic and foreign customers.
The Impact of Coaching Behaviors on Innovation Behavior: Focusing on The Mediating Effects of Self-determination and Organizational Commitment and The Moderating Effect of Perceived Organizational Support
Authors:   Academic Society of Global Business Administration, Choi Hyun Jung , Park Jong Woo
Published: January 2025

In an environment threatened by rapid environmental changes in 4th industrial era technology, global economic downturn and instability, and the acceleration of technological change, companies are desperate to survive and secure competitiveness. Competition between industries is intensifying and requires the continuous change and innovation of companies in unpredictable environments. In uncertain environments, the need for coaching behaviors that can induce innovative behavior is expanding as companies demand creativity and challenges taken on by organization members. This study verified the influential relationship between the coaching behavior of leaders and the innovation behavior of members, and attempted to confirm the mediating effects of the variables of organizational commitment and self-determination from the intrinsic motivation-level of the individual along with moderating effects through perceived organizational support. This study showed that factors of coaching behavior can have a practical effect on the leaders of organizations who reinforce innovation. Results of this study showed that, first, the coaching behavior of leaders was verified to have a positive (+) effect on the innovation behavior, self-determination, and organizational commitment of members. Second, the coaching behavior of leaders was shown to have a positive (+) effect relationship on the mediating effects of self-determination and organizational commitment, among the innovation behavior of members. Third, perceived organizational support was found to have a moderating effect between the coaching behavior of leaders and the innovation behavior of members. This study can strengthen and differentiate theoretical foundations that are relatively under-researched in the coaching field through self-determination theory and it can be a meaningful study that expands academic mechanisms. In practice, the coaching behavior of leaders can promote corporate sustainability and the innovation behavior of members seeking a competitive advantage and it can provide an empirical basis for the coaching behavior development of leaders.
Apresentação RADAR 77
Authors: Nogueira Mauro Oddo
Published: January 2025

Esta 77ª edição do boletim Radar: tecnologia, produção e comércio exterior e, nesta, voltamos a trazer uma “edição regular” do boletim. Esta edição evidencia a natureza multidisciplinar e transversal que caracteriza este periódico e que, em última análise, reflete a própria natureza da Diretoria de Estudos e Políticas Setoriais, de Inovação, Regulação e Infraestrutura do Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (Diset/Ipea). Em outras palavras, ela apresenta resultados sintéticos de estudos em curso na Diset que têm como elemento em comum reflexões sobre o tecido produtivo brasileiro e suas alternativas e potencialidades para o desenvolvimento do país.
Novas tecnologias nos veículos e a redução da sinistralidade no trânsito
Authors: Ferreira Paulo César Pêgas
Published: January 2025

Este trabalho correlacionou a introdução de novas tecnologias nos veículos com a redução da sinistralidade. Foi utilizada a base de dados de sinistros da Polícia Rodoviária Federal (PRF) dos anos de 2021 e 2022, desagregada por ano, marca e modelo dos veículos envolvidos. A exposição ao risco dos veículos foi corrigida pela quilometragem média rodada (KMR) em função da idade do veículo. Constatou-se que veículos de fabricação mais recente oferecem maior segurança.
Notas de matemática do ensino médio em 2021: uma análise empírica a partir de dados da OBMEP, do uso de internet pelos alunos e do Saeb
Authors: Kubota Luis Claudio
Published: January 2025

O objetivo deste estudo é desenvolver uma análise empírica da associação de diversas variáveis com a proficiência média dos alunos das escolas do ensino médio na disciplina de matemática – medida a partir das notas do Sistema de Avaliação da Educação Básica (Saeb). Em particular, busca-se investigar os papéis da Olimpíada Brasileira de Matemática das Escolas Públicas (OBMEP) – medida a partir dos prêmios por escola – e do uso de internet pelos alunos nas escolas – a partir de informações do Censo Escolar. Os resultados indicam que as principais associações positivas para as notas de matemática do Saeb são a existência de exame de ingresso e o indicador de nível socioeconômico da escola. No primeiro caso, ocorre um viés de seleção dos alunos com melhor desempenho cognitivo, ao passo que, no segundo, confirma-se a importância de um fator que é consagrado na literatura de educação. Ainda, enquanto o uso de internet pelos alunos tem associação nula com os resultados referentes ao Saeb, os coeficientes das premiações OBMEP têm sinal positivo e são estatisticamente significativos.
Pentuple Bottom Line in Seaweeds Cultivation: An Environmental Accounting Review
Authors: ALAM Syamsu , ALAM Roslina , ARFAH Eka Ariaty
Published: January 2025

This study explores the role of environmental and sustainability accounting in promoting sustainable seaweed farming in Indonesia. Environmental accounting records and reports the environmental impacts of economic activities, while sustainability accounting integrates economic, social, and environmental dimensions under the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) and Pentuple Bottom Line (PBL) frameworks. The research highlights how these tools can enhance seaweed farming's global competitiveness, support blue economy development, and address climate change.Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the study combines in-depth interviews with seaweed farmers, academics, and stakeholders with a literature review. Legitimacy theory is applied to analyze how transparency in sustainability reporting strengthens relationships with society and global markets.Findings reveal limited adoption of environmental and sustainability accounting in seaweed farming, despite its potential. Transparency in managing environmental impacts, such as waste and carbon absorption, is critical. Local cultural values like siri’ na pacce serve as a moral foundation for strengthening social legitimacy. Technologies like IoT and blockchain can accelerate effective environmental accounting.This study contributes by integrating environmental and sustainability accounting into the PBL framework, addressing economic, social, and environmental impacts more comprehensively. It emphasizes better governance through farmer awareness, eco-friendly technologies, and stronger regulations, positioning seaweed farming as a blue economy model. Future research should focus on cross-sector collaboration to advance sustainable fisheries and marine policies.
The Effect of Board of Commissioners Size on Earnings Management with Audit Committee as a Moderation in Companies Listed on LQ45
Authors: LESTARI Ni Luh Putu Ratna Wahyu , SANJAYA I Ketut Puja Wirya
Published: January 2025

Earnings management is an agency problem that is often triggered by the separation of roles or differences in interests between shareholders and company management. This study aims to examine the effect of the size of the board of commissioners on earnings management with the audit committee as a moderating variable. This study was conducted in Indonesia with companies listed on the LQ45. The population of this study was all companies listed on the LQ45 for the 2019-2023 period, namely 45 companies with an observation period of 5 years. The sampling method used was purposive sampling, which is a method of determining samples based on certain criteria or considerations. The data analysis technique used was multiple linear regression analysis, but before the regression analysis was carried out, a prerequisite test must be carried out, namely the classical assumption test. Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) was used to determine whether the audit committee variable could strengthen or weaken the relationship between the size of the board of commissioners and earnings management. Based on the results of the analysis and discussion in the previous chapter, the conclusion that can be drawn is that the size of the board of commissioners has a positive effect on earnings management in companies listed on the LQ45, and the audit committee is unable to moderate the effect of the size of the board of commissioners on earnings management in companies listed on the LQ45
Effect of Different Mulching Materials on Weed Emergence and Quality of Strawberry under Rainfed Conditions
Authors: Maroof Tooba , Tahir Muneeba , Zahid Noosheen , Khan Muhammad Noman Naseem , Younas Muhammad Tahir , Shahzad Jahanzaib , Zafar Tehmina , Zeeshan Muhammad , Pervaiz Arslan , Yasin Ahsan
Published: January 2025

Strawberry is one of the most attractive fruits among berries. It possess unique place among cultivated berry fruits due to its attractive red color, taste, flavor and high nutritional value. For commercial production plants are propagated from runners but weed infestation is the biggest problem of strawberry crop. In this regard, the current study was designed to use different mulching materials on weed control, morphological and physico-chemical characteristics of strawberry cv. Chandler under rain fed conditions of Rawalakot. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with six mulching treatments. Data was recorded for various parameters including weed control, morphological characteristics, physical characteristics and biochemical characteristics. Results showed that maximum weed control (10.33) was found in strawberry plants grown in black polythene mulch. However, maximum survival percentage (95.75), leaves per plant (8.0), flowers per plants (7.33),fruits per plant (5.33), runners per plant(8.33), chlorophyll a (8.55 g/mL), chlorophyll b (9.26 g/mL), total chlorophyll (18.14 g/mL), fruit weight (2.93g),  fruit diameter(2.73 cm) were found in strawberry plants grown in mulching material amended with coconut coir. Bio chemicals parameters like total soluble solids (TSS) (8.50%), titratable acidity (TA) (1.89%), vitamin C (0.25 mg/100g), total anthocyanins (40.06 mg/100g), total phenolics (0.60 mg gallic acid/100 g), total flavonoids (2.86 mg/100gFW), and antioxidant activity (0.89 µg/100 mg FW) were also found maximum in plants grown in coconut coir. Based on current findings it can be concluded that mulching material black polythene was found better for weed control and coconut coir was found better for morphological and physico-chemical characteristics of strawberry
Determining the Nature of IC 10 X-2: A Comprehensive Study of the Optical/IR Emission from an Extragalactic BeHMXB
Authors: Alnaqbi Jwaher , Gelfand Joseph D. , Saikia Payaswini , Heinke Craig , Baglio M. C. , Russell David M. , Zhang Guobao , Manousakis Antonios , Katkov Ivan Yu. , Lewis Fraser
Published: January 2025

We present a comprehensive analysis of the optical and infrared (IR) properties of high-mass X-ray binary (HMXB) IC 10 X-2, classified as a supergiant HMXB and superfast X-ray transient by previous work. Our analysis of regular (daily and weekly) observations by both the Zwicky Transient Facility and Las Cumbres Observatory over a 5 yr period indicates both periodic flares and variations in the apparent magnitude and color with a period of ∼26.5 days—likely the orbital period of this binary system. The periodic flaring suggests the stellar companion is a Be star, with flares resulting from increased accretion onto the neutron star (NS) when it enters the stellar decretion disk. The periodic variations in the optical/IR brightness and color likely result from orbital variations in the hydrogen column density along the line of sight or a transient accretion disk around the NS. Lastly, the numerous short-duration episodes where IC 10 X-2 is significantly “redder” or “bluer” than normal likely result from clumps within this system—which can accrete onto the NS (causing IC 10 X-2 to appear bluer) or pass through the line of sight (causing IC 10 X-2 to appear redder). These results substantially increase our understanding of the evolution of this source, which is a significant source of ionizing photons in its host galaxy IC 10, a low-mass, metal-poor starburst galaxy similar in many respects to those thought to be common in the early Universe.
Constraining the Gamma-Ray Burst Jet Opening Angle Based on the Very Steep Decay Phase
Authors: Xu Qian , Liu Dong-Jie , Zou Yuan-Chuan
Published: January 2025

Thanks to the rapid follow-up observations by the Swift X-Ray Telescope (XRT), a good part of gamma-ray bursts' (GRBs) high-latitude emission have been observed in the X-ray band. Some even show a dropdown decay after this period, which strongly indicates the edge of the jet is corresponding to the breaking time. This study constrains the jet opening angles of GRBs by analyzing the very steep decay phase in the early X-ray afterglow. Using data from Swift/XRT, we identified GRBs with significant breaks in their light curves and applied a broken power-law model to describe the decay phases. Assuming a spherical and isotropic emitting surface, we set constraints on the radiation radius (R

γ
) to estimate jet opening angles (θ
jet) from the breaking time. Our results indicate that jet opening angles can be constrained, although they are sensitive to the assumed radiation radius. This approach provides yet another method for estimating GRB jet opening angles.
Identification of Quercetin and Chrysin in Banana Peel Extract Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometer for Obesity Treatment
Authors: Devina Kezia Elian , Indarto Dono , Susilawati Tri Nugraha
Published: January 2025

Pancreatic lipase plays an important role in converting triglyceride into long-chain fatty acids and glycerol, then becomes a therapeutic target for obesity treatment. Quercetin and chrysin are able to inhibit pancreatic lipase, which is potentially developed for obesity treatment. This study aimed to identify quercetin and chrysin derived from the methanol extract of raja and kepok banana peels using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometer (LC-MS) for the development of obesity treatment. Raja and kepok banana peels were purchased from a fruit seller in Klaten City. Raja and kepok banana peels were extracted using the maceration method with 80% (v/v) methanol solvent. Quercetin and chrysin compounds were identified using HPLC and LC-MS at the Integrated Laboratory UNS and Universitas Diponegoro, respectively. Quercetin concentration was calculated using linear regression of diluted standard quercetin. The quercetin concentration in the raja peel extract was 0.338 mg/dL but was not detected in the kepok banana peel extract. The peak of chrysin in raja and kepok banana peel extract was not detected. LC-MS analysis identified chrysin in raja banana peel extract. In conclusion, raja banana peel extract is a potential source of quercetin and chrysin for alternative natural lipase inhibitors for obesity treatment. Further research is required carry out extraction using other solvents, isolate and purify quercetin and chrysin from raja banana peel extract, which will be used for in vitro and in vivo studies.
Bioconversion of Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) Cellulose into Glucose by Trichoderma viride
Authors: Mahdhani Abbilah Ero , Suryanti Venty , Ashar Khoirun Nisa , Ferdinansyah Vicky Ahava , Kesuma Alifiananda Rahmatul Dafa
Published: January 2025

Bioconversion of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) cellulose into glucose was successfully conducted by Trichoderma viride. Cellulose was isolated from water hyacinth by delignification. The delignification method is carried out for bond breaking of lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra of the delignification products confirmed that cellulose was successfully isolated. FTIR spectra showed the presence of peaks for the C=O and C=C groups, the C-H and C─O groups of polysaccharide bonds, and the C─O─C vibrational peak of pyranose ring. Cellulose was obtained in 58.84% yield. Cellulose was then converted into glucose through enzymatic processes by Trichoderma viride. Initially, these fungi are required to be adapted and rejuvenated with cellulose media. Gradual adaptation and rejuvenation aims to optimize the performance of fungi in converting cellulose into glucose. Cultures were incubated at 35°C and 120 rpm in an orbital shaker incubator. The FTIR spectra of glucose showed the presence of peaks for-OH alcohol and C=O bonds of glucose typical absorption peaks. Thus, the glucose conversion was successful. Water hyacinth can be a sustainable cellulose source for glucose synthesis in tropical and subtropical countries. Furthermore, water hyacinth has other advantages, such as its high breeding rate, availability, and low cost. Keywords: Eichhornia crassipes, glucose, water hyacinth, Trichoderma viridee
Roseoside from Lemon Fruits (Citrus limon) as a Potential Inhibitor of Cluster of Differentiation 36 for Obesity Treatment
Authors: Lonika Charistika , Indarto Dono , Ayusari Amelya Augusthina
Published: January 2025

Obesity is a global health problem that prevalence has increased in the last decade. Triglycerides are the main fat component in daily food intake, which can be absorbed directly into the enterocytes through Cluster of Differentiation (CD) 36 transporter protein. Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist (semaglutide) has recently been approved for obesity treatment, but this medicine has some side effects in the gastrointestinal tract. Administration of Lactobacillus-fermented lemon juice reduced serum triglyceride levels and body weight (BW) of obese rats but it is not related to the action of CD36 protein. Therefore, this study aimed to explore phytochemicals derived from lemon fruits, which could inhibit CD36 protein. This bioinformatics study used 15 lemon phytochemicals, which had three-dimensional structures on the PubChem database and matched the criteria of Lipinski’s rules. As a standard compound, the three-dimensional structure of α-Santalol was found in a binding complex with CD36 protein, obtained from Protein Data Bank (ID:5LGD). The AutoDock Vina 1.1.2. software was used to perform molecular docking between α-Santalol/phytochemicals and CD36. Binding complexes of α-Santalol, phytochemicals, and CD36 were visualized using the Biovia Discover Studio. The potential candidate of CD36 inhibitor was analyzed by comparing the docking score, binding site, and molecular conformation between phytochemicals and α-Santalol. Roseoside had 386.4 Da molecular weight, a lower docking score (-6.7 Kcal/mol), a binding site at Ala141 only, and a different conformation than α-Santalol (-6.1 kcal/mol). In conclusion, Roseoside in lemon fruits becomes a potential CD36 inhibitor for the development of obesity treatment.
Mucus production and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, a possible treatment target: zooming in on N-acetylcysteine
Authors: Baraldi Federico , Bigoni Tommaso , Foschino Barbaro Maria Pia , Micheletto Claudio , Scioscia Giulia , Vatrella Alessandro , Papi Alberto
Published: January 2025

Mucus hypersecretion is a trait of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) associated with poorer outcomes. As it may be present before airway obstruction, its early treatment may have a preventive role. This narrative review of the literature presents the role of mucus dysfunction in COPD, its pathophysiology, and the rationale for the use of N-acetylcysteine (NAC). NAC can modify mucus rheology, improving clearance and reducing damage induced MUC5AC expression. It exerts a direct and indirect (glutathione replenishment) antioxidant mechanism; it interferes with inflammatory molecular pathways, including inhibition of nuclear factor-kB activation in epithelial airway cells and reduction in the expression of cytokine tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10. Some clinical experiences suggest that the adjunctive use of NAC may reduce symptoms and improve outcomes for patients with COPD. In conclusion, NAC may be a candidate drug for the early treatment of subjects at risk of COPD development.
Diminishing discoloration; enhancing esthetics: Management of discolored restorations with computer-aided-design/computer-aided-manufacturing veneers
Authors: Koul Rishu , Kalia Deepak , Verma Kamal
Published: January 2025

Tooth discoloration that cannot be treated with more conservative procedures such as bleaching or microabrasion, requires restorative treatment to mask the unesthetic appearance. Ceramic veneers provide exceptional resistance to wear and abrasion, retain their glazed luster over a very long time, and are durable. This case report presents the rehabilitation of a patient with discolored composite restorations on maxillary anterior teeth with zirconia veneers fabricated using computer-aided-design/computer-aided-manufacturing technology.
Apicoectomy: A review of clinical concepts and techniques
Authors: Thakur Vivek , Kaul Rahul
Published: January 2025

Apicoectomy is the surgical approach for preserving a tooth with a large periapical lesion which may not be treated with traditional therapy. The goal of apicoectomy is to seal off the root canal system, promoting healing by establishing a barrier between the irritants inside the canal and the periapical tissue. Apicoectomy is a predictable, less expensive alternative to tooth extraction and replacement when done after proper case selection. Locating areas in the root apex that have not been sealed and then appropriately sealing the root apex are crucial steps in apicoectomy. The effectiveness of surgical endodontic therapy has increased as a result of the application of microsurgical tools and techniques. Using a surgical microscope during an apicoectomy is recommended because it provides superior focused illumination of microstructures and enables clear view of the operative field with high magnification. Moreover, lasers and guided microsurgery in apicoectomy provide enhanced periapical healing with a favorable long-term prognosis. The current review describes basic concepts and advanced techniques used for apicoectomy.
Comparison of treatment outcome of conventional drillings, osteotomes, and Densah bur used in dental implant placement in the posterior maxilla
Authors: Gharge Nikhil R. , Saluja Harish , Dhadhich Anuj , Shah Seemit Vinod
Published: January 2025

Background:

Implant placement in the posterior maxilla is challenging due to the poor quality of the bone and the reduction in vertical bone height that occurs after extracting posterior teeth. In implant dentistry, success rates, osseointegration, and primary and secondary stability are crucial. This study compares the three surgical techniques for implant placement in the posterior maxilla to achieve the better outcomes for the surgeon, patient, and implant stability.

Methodology:

This study was conducted with institutional ethical approval, and informed consent was obtained from all the participants. The inclusion criteria comprised patients aged between 18 and 60 years with edentulous maxillary posterior arches. A total of 60 patients were enrolled in the study and divided into three groups: Conventional, Densah Bur, and Osteotome techniques. Clinical follow-up was conducted over 6 months to assess the treatment outcomes.

Results:

In this study, 19 patients were in the conventional group, 22 in the Densah Bur group, and 19 in the osteotome group. No significant differences in implant stability or crestal bone loss were found among the techniques. The mean primary stability was 3.15 ± 1.57 for the conventional group, 3.52 ± 2.58 for the osteotome group, and 3.63 ± 1.55 for the Densah Bur group. The Densah Bur technique required the least time (9.86 ± 1.79 min), while the osteotome technique took the longest (20.52 ± 1.80 min). The mean torque values were 43.68 ± 7.78 Ncm for the conventional group, 42.95 ± 7.96 Ncm for the Densah Bur group, and 47.36 ± 7.70 Ncm for the osteotome group.

Conclusion:

All three techniques – conventional, Densah Bur, and osteotome – showed good clinical outcomes in a 6-month follow-up, with better implant stability in the osseodensification cases. The novel Densah Bur technique proves superior in enhancing bone density and achieving primary stability in implant placement, particularly in the posterior maxilla with limited bone height and width.
OMNICHROMA – The revolutionary composite in the modern era
Authors: Jaganath Bharath Makonahalli , Rudranaik Sandeep , Krishnegowda Sahadev Chickmagarvalli , Nirmala K. B. , Nagashetty Yoganatha Hanasoge
Published: January 2025

Structurally colored resin composites have recently been developed to address the drawbacks of conventional composites. These composites feature a strong adhesion between the filler and base resin, providing excellent resistance to discoloration. Esthetic dentistry has significantly advanced in the 20th and 21st centuries, with OMNICHROMA, a new tooth-colored composite introduced by Tokuyama, representing a notable innovation. This article examines OMNICHROMA’s potential to revolutionize esthetic dentistry compared to conventional resin composites.
Pyogenic granuloma causing midline diastema: A rare case report
Authors: Jana Anjan , Mukhopadhyay Santanu , Karim Abu Faijal
Published: January 2025

This case report describes the presentation and management of a 12-year-old female patient with a tissue mass and spacing between her upper front teeth. Clinical examination revealed a reddish pink, lobulated tissue mass measuring approximately 1.5 cm × 2 cm, extending from the upper labial frenum to the incisive papilla and involving the interdental gingiva of the two central incisors. The mass was moderately firm, pedunculated, and prone to bleeding. The patient had poor oral hygiene, exacerbating the condition. Radiographic evaluation ruled out underlying bony lesions, leading to a provisional diagnosis of pyogenic granuloma with differential diagnoses of gingival fibroma or traumatic fibroma. The treatment plan involved excision of the gingival overgrowth and frenectomy. Following routine oral prophylaxis, the surgical procedure was performed, with the excised tissue sent for histopathological evaluation, confirming the diagnosis as pyogenic granuloma. Postoperative care was provided, and the patient was advised against active orthodontic treatment. Regular follow-up appointments were scheduled to monitor healing and spontaneous space closure. This case report underscores the significance of considering both the aberrant labial frenum and the gingival overgrowth in treatment planning and highlights the need for meticulous follow-up care.