bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Taqwi̅m Tadri̅ba̅t Kita̅b Ta’li̅m al-Lughah al-‘Arabiyyah li as-Ṣhaf ar-Ra̅bi’ min al-Marḥalah al-Ibtida̅iyyah ‘ala Ḍau̅I Ma’a̅yi̅r ‘Abdu ar-Raḥman Ibnu Ibra̅hi̅m al-Fau̅za̅n
Authors: Basid Abdul , Sutaman Sutaman , Arifa Zakiya
Published: September 2024

This study aims to find out how to teach Arabic grammar to non-Arabic speakers according to the basis of presenting the material and its relationship to reading skill. The research methodology used by the researchers is the qualitative approach, and the type of research is library research. The sources of data for this research are the book Education by Mahmoud Yunus and books, articles or University journals related to research and analysis. The researchers used the method of analyzing the content of the texts, and the background that drives the researchers to complete this research is what the researchers found that the students saw Arabic grammar as one of the most difficult Arabic subjects and the fact that teachers are not good at managing education, as they do not teach Arabic grammar on the basis of recitation. Good education, and the basis for delivering the subject: 1) From the tangible to the intelligible, 2) From the known to the unknown, 3) From examples to rules or definitions, 4) From simple to complex progression. The application of this basis in teaching Arabic grammar is: 1) Defining the noun and knowledge by mentioning the sign, not defining them terminologically, using visual teaching aids when teaching the hidden pronoun, 2) Restricting the study of annulants to the nominal sentence in teaching grammar and restricting the teaching of the direct and the direct to the verbal and nominal sentences, 3) Using the inductive method and modified texts in teaching grammar, morphology, and rhetoric, 4) mentioning the singular before the compound, and using the functional theory and teaching grammar before rhetoric, that reading skill is due to recognition and understanding, which are related to the student’s proficiency in Arabic grammar.
Characterization of Hibiscus Chlorotic Ringspot Virus-Derived vsiRNAs from Infected Hibiscus rosa-sinensis in China
Authors: Lan Han-hong , Lu Luan-mei
Published: September 2024

Lots of progress have been made about pathogen system of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis and hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus (HCRSV), however, interactions between H. rosa-sinensis and HCRSV remain largely unknown. Hereon, firstly, HCRSV infection in H. rosa-sinensis from Zhangzhou city of China was confirmed by traditional electron microscopy, modern reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and RNA-seq methods. Secondly, sequence feature analysis showed the full-length sequence of HCRSV-ZZ was 3,909 nucleotides (nt) in length and had a similar genomic structure with other carmovirus. It contains a 5′ untranslated region (UTR), followed by seven open reading frames encoding for P28, P23, P81, P8, P9, P38, and P25, and the last a 3-terminal UTR. Thirdly, HCRSV- ZZ-derived vsiRNAs were identified and characterized for the first time from disease H. rosa-sinensis through sRNA-seq to reveal interactions between pathogen ant plant host. It was shown that the majority of HCRSV-ZZ-derived vsiRNAs were 21 nt, 22 nt, and 20 nt, with 21 nt being most abundant. The 5'-terminal nucleotide of HCRSV-ZZ vsiRNAs preferred U and C. HCRSV-ZZ vsiRNAs derived predominantly (72%) from the viral genome positive-strand RNA. The distribution of HCRSV-ZZ vsiRNAs along the viral genome is generally even, with some hot spots and cold spots forming in local regions. These hot spots and cold spots could be corresponded to the regions of stem loop secondary structures forming in HCRSV-ZZ genome by nucleotide paring. Taken together, our findings certify HCRSV infection in H. rosa-sinensis and provide an insight into interaction between HCRSV and H. rosa-sinensis and contribute to the prevention and treatment of this virus.
Nontobacco Nicotine Dependence and Rates of Periprosthetic Joint Infection and Other Postoperative Complications in Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Lawand Jad , Ghali Abdullah , Dajani Al-Hassan , Boufadel Peter , Bey Hachem , Khan Adam , Abboud Joseph
Published: September 2024

Introduction:

Nontobacco nicotine products, including e-cigarettes and vaping, are marketed as healthier alternatives to tobacco. However, the literature on nontobacco nicotine dependence (NTND) is scarce. It is important to analyze the influence of these products as they pertain to medical and surgical postoperative complications. This study hypothesizes that patients with NTND will experience more postoperative complications.

Methods:

Using the TriNetX database, which aggregates deidentified medical records from 89 healthcare organizations in the Research Network, Current Procedural Terminology and 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases codes were used to identify patients undergoing primary shoulder arthroplasty (SA) from January 2012 to February 2024. Patients were divided into cohorts based on their NTND status before surgery. 90-day major medical complications and 2-year implant-related complications were assessed. Statistical analyses involved calculating risk ratios for postoperative complications.

Results:

This study analyzed a total of 89,910 SA patients, of which 6,756 were 1:1 propensity matched into NTND or control cohorts. Within the 90-day postoperative period, the NTND cohort exhibited significantly higher rates of sepsis (1.80 vs. 1.20, P = 0.012), surgical site infection (1.20 vs. 0.70%, P = 0.007), and wound disruptions (0.70 vs. 0.40%, P = 0.048), average opioids prescribed (4.46 vs. 3.338, P < 0.001), readmission (10.20% vs. 6.20%, P 0.001) compared with the non-NTND cohort. At the 2-year follow-up, mechanical loosening was notably higher in the NTND group (1.10 vs. 0.30%, P 0.001), as were rates of prosthetic joint infections (2.20 vs. 1.20%, P 0.001). No significant difference was observed for revision rates (3.20% vs. 2.90%, P = 0.269).

Discussion:

NTND is associated with higher 90-day rates of wound distruptions, infections, sepsis, as well as increased rates of mechanical loosening and prosthetic joint infection at 2 years postoperatively after SA. These results highlight the need for comprehensive NTND preoperative screening and tailored patient counseling in this patient population.
Physical Exercise as a Modulator of the Levels of Leptin/Adiponectin Relation and Inflammation in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Gheller Enzo , Bizuti Matheus Ribeiro , Silva Keroli Eloiza Tessaro , Simon Maria Eduarda , Ecco Jardel Cristiano , Costa Andre , Drehmer Betina , Pretto Kailane , Rossi Renata Calciolari , Resende e Silva Débora Tavares
Published: September 2024

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important factor of loss of quality of life and high rates of morbidity and mortality, where cardiovascular diseases are the main responsible for this poorer prognosis. It is verified that CKD is associated with high inflammatory levels in the body, or that it seems to contribute to these cardiovascular events. Thus, CKD is characterized by a high inflammatory profile, as well as possibly a large imbalance in adipokines due to changes in body composition. Thus, adiponectin and leptin emerge as possible inflammatory modulators, although their popular effects are not completely elucidated. On the other hand, it is proven that physical exercise can be a great tool in the treatment of CKD and in the modulation of biomarkers, stimulating in an anti-inflammatory way and promoting an adjustment in the main causes of morbidity and mortality in this population. Thus, this review seeks to elucidate the role of exercise as a modulator of inflammation and the leptin/adiponectin relationship in order to contribute to the better quality of life of this population, in addition to demonstrating the important role that exercise can exert in modulation of these biomarkers, aiming to minimize the cardiovascular effects that these biomarkers exert on this population.
Comparative Analysis of Kinetic Responses and Injury Risk During Landing from 45 cm Height: A Study of Barefoot vs. Sports Shoes Conditions
Authors: Pal Madhusudan , Maity Ayan , Chauhan Bawa Resume , Juneja Hardik , Kumar Mohit
Published: September 2024

Jumping and landing biomechanics are closely related to the risk of acute injury due to prolonged exposure to high-ground reaction forces in basketball-like sports, which can lead to lower-limb musculoskeletal injuries in the hip, knee, and ankle. Footwear greatly impacts jumping mechanics, but going barefoot provides a unique perspective on how the human body interacts with the ground. This study aims to find out the kinetic responses during drop landing from 45 cm height with and without sports shoe conditions. Twenty-five healthy young adults were volunteers for this study. Kinetic parameters were recorded and processed by using Quattro Jump force plat and Mars Quarter performance analysis software. Data were presented as mean ± SD values and statistical analysis was performed using statistical software package SPSS-26. The drop landing data of with and without shoe shows scattered parameters with maximum forces of 4706.12N and 5393.04N at 45 cm height, indicating a 66% and 75% risk of metatarsal injury. The stabilization force was 632.64N and 623.64N at 45 cm, reached at 0.58s and 0.66s respectively. Time from Max Force to MFBS Regression analysis indicated a low R-squared value and a random fit plot. In barefoot (without shoe) conditions, the initial contact force, and maximum force were 85.71% and 13.60% higher (250N and 5393.04N respectively) compared to landing with shoes (100N and 4706.12N). However, the stabilization force was higher (632.64N) when landing with shoes compared to landing barefoot (623.64N). As a result, the risk of musculoskeletal injuries and joint stress was higher when landing barefoot due to the higher initial contact force and maximum force. On the other hand, landing with shoes enhances balance and stability due to the higher stabilization force.
Resolution of labour disputes involving new forms of employment in China
Authors: Huang Kun , Sun Yuxiang ,   ILO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific,
Published: September 2024

Based on the study of arbitration and judicial cases involving new forms of employment, this working paper identifies and examines notable characteristics of disputes involving new forms of employment. This working paper found that the number of such disputes is not large compared to the total number of labour disputes in China but is growing and mainly involving instant delivery sector. The claims concentrated on compensation for work-related injuries along with recognition of an employment relationship. Employers are difficult to identify due to multiple outsourcing and digital evidence which are more prevalent than in other labour disputes. Combining an analysis of a number of actual cases and interviews with labour dispute arbitrators, the paper also found that the “reference basis” for judgments in these disputes is the Notice on the Recognition of Employment Relationships.
Edukasi Pencegahan Stunting Melalui Penyuluhan dengan Media Leaflet pada Masyarakat Desa Galu Kecamatan Anggalamoare
Authors: Masyitah Masyitah , Rinayanti  , Noviati  , Azlimin  , Rahmawati
Published: September 2024

Kasus Stunting di indonesia terutama di Sulawesi Tenggara masih tergolong tinggi yaitu menduduki posisi ke 9 dari 33 profinsi yang indonesia. Data menunjukan 16 dari 17 kabupaten/Kota memiliki angka di atas pravelensi nasional yaitu (21,6% - 41,6%). Faktor yang paling berpengaruh langsung terhadap kasus stunting adalah masalah asupan gizi dan yang tidak langsung berupa ketersedian air bersih dan sanitasi yang baik. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penyuluhan melalui media leaflet. Jumlah peserta sebanyak 30 orang masyarakat. Pelaksanaan dilakukan dengan membagikan soal pretest dan postetst. Hasil intervensi non fisik berupa penyuluhan menunjukkan peningkatan sebanyak 40 % kemampuan masyarakat Desa galu dalm memahami stunsting dari hasil pre-test dan post-test. Maka dari itu dibutuhkannya dukungan serta kegiatan berkelanjutan yang telah di awali oleh mahasiswa Universitas Mandala Waluya melalui kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat melakukan pencegahan stunting dengan membekali pengetahuan asupan gizi terutama pada 1000 Hari Pertama Kehidupan (HPK).
EXAMINING NUMBER SENSE SKILLS OF KINDERGARTEN CHILDREN
Authors: Palabıyık Ersin , Işık Tertemiz Neşe
Published: September 2024

The aim of this study is to determine the number sense skills of preschool (Kindergarten) children. In the study, survey design, one of the quantitative research methods, was used. The study group consists of a total of 114 children attending all the kindergartens (5 kindergartens) in the city center of Tunceli in the 2020-2021 school year. The data collection tool used in the study is the "Preschool Number Sense Test" developed by the researchers. In the analysis of the data, the correct answers obtained by using number sense skills, the correct answers obtained by using rule and operation-based methods, the false answers obtained by using number sense skills, the false answers obtained by using rule-operation-based methods and the questions left unanswered were considered. As a result of the analysis made, it was determined that preschool students used rule- and operation-based methods more in problem-solving when dealing with questions, and it was seen that they used number-sense-based methods less frequently.
COMPARISON OF METHODS FOR INCREASING THE PRODUCTIVITY OF THE MAIN OIL PIPELINE WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE PLANNED MODERNIZATION
Authors: Sim Aleksandr , Atamanenko Roman , Alekseeva Dar'ya
Published: September 2024

The article raises the problems of the need to build new pipelines and the complexity of their construction. A hypothetical pipeline has been calculated and its version with half of the intermediate stations has been modeled. Calculations have been carried out to increase the throughput of the simulated pipeline due to an anti-turbulent additive and an additional pump at the station. The concept of "planned modernization" has been introduced as part of the implementation of the third method of increasing throughput, which combines the first two. The conclusion is made about the prospects of the methodology described in the article for increasing the productivity of main pipelines, both as part of a temporary solution and when optimizing investments in the construction of new pipelines.
The Examination of Government Regulation Number 28 of 2022 From a Pancasila Point of View
Authors: Evy Harjono  , Wartoyo Franciscus Xaverius , Mulyani Rita , Maghribi Genta , Batubara Aznina Lembayung , Harlingan David
Published: September 2024

Indonesia as a democratic country that emphasizes the rule of law as the main foundation, makes Pancasila as the moral and philosophical foundation for the constitution and laws and regulations. This research aims to evaluate the consistency of Government Regulation Number 28 Year 2022 on the Management of State Receivables with the principles of Pancasila, as well as to assess the extent to which its practical implementation reflects the moral and philosophical values of Pancasila. The method used in this research is juridical-normative with a conceptual and statutory approach, accompanied by qualitative descriptive analysis of relevant statutory documents and legal doctrine. The results of the analysis highlight the importance that Government Regulation No. 28 Year 2022 must comply with the existing legal hierarchy, as well as consistently reflect the principles of Pancasila as a moral and philosophical foundation in the regulation of state receivables. Nonetheless, the addition of new rules concerning liability for state receivables raises debates about consistency and social justice. Therefore, it is important for the government to ensure that the implementation of the rules not only considers the legal and financial aspects, but also the social and humanitarian impacts on the individuals involved. Success in regulating state receivables should be measured by the extent to which the principles of Pancasila are respected and social justice is realized in the process, which will help strengthen the foundations of democracy and the rule of law in Indonesia.
Law and Application of Pancasila Principles in Interfaith Marriages in Indonesia
Authors: Rahman Irsan , Darmawati. R  , Novianty Rica Regina , Erni  , Basrawi
Published: September 2024

The implementation of the life of the nation and state is inextricably tied to the divine values encapsulated in Pancasila and the Constitution. However, the current reality of Indonesia's diverse nation poses a challenge to these divine values. The absence of barriers between individuals, as exemplified by their interactions and the formation of families through marriage, has resulted in the dissolution of ethnic, cultural, and religious distinctions. Consequently, some couples entering into marriage no longer consider their ethnic and cultural background as a determining factor in their relationship.The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, it aims to analyse the views of Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia on the phenomenon of interfaith marriages in Indonesia; second, it seeks to provide confirmation of the actual legal status of these marriages. In order to achieve this, this paper employs a normative legal research methodology, utilising both a statutory and conceptual approach in its investigation. From a conceptual standpoint, marriage encompasses not only its legal and private aspects, but also its religious aspects. Therefore, the state relinquishes its authority to determine the legitimacy of marriage to religious law, which, by its nature, discourages interfaith marriages. This paper concludes that Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution do not acknowledge the existence of interfaith marriages, as they are deemed incompatible with divine values. Accordingly, the judiciary should refrain from recognizing interfaith unions. To resolve legal disputes surrounding these unions, the Population Administration Act should be amended to repeal Article 35, Paragraph 1.
The Role of the Consumer Dispute Resolution Agency (BPSK) Regarding Developer Consumer Rights that are Not Fulfilled
Authors: Rezky Saftiaan  , Indah Harlina  , Jum Anggriani
Published: September 2024

The Consumer Dispute Resolution Agency (BPSK) was established as a solution to avoid resolving consumer disputes through general courts. Proceeding in the general court takes a long time and costs a lot of money, whereas resolving consumer disputes requires fast and cheap procedural law. Consumer Dispute Resolution Agency Provisions in Law Number 8 of 1999 concerning consumer protection which strictly regulates consumer rights that consumers have the right to correct, clear and honest information regarding the actual condition and guarantee of goods/services, of course the Consumer Protection Law accommodating legal certainty for consumers to obtain the rights to everything they want or buy, so that legal certainty for consumers if they do not get clear and correct information from developers or business actors for consumers who buy a house or place to live can be guaranteed if their rights their rights are not fulfilled .
This Study Examines the Impact of Campaign Finance Restrictions on Electoral Transparency and Integrity in ASEAN Countries
Authors: Arifin Firdaus
Published: September 2024

The transparency and integrity of electoral processes are of paramount importance for the health of a democracy. They prevent corruption and ensure fairness. Many ASEAN countries have implemented strict campaign finance regulations with the aim of enhancing transparency and reducing financial influence in politics. However, the effectiveness of these policies depends on the existence of appropriate oversight mechanisms and the specific characteristics of the local political context. This research examines the impact of campaign finance restrictions on electoral transparency in ASEAN, identifies challenges, and highlights effective practices. It also offers recommendations for policy improvements. This research employs a comparative methodology and thematic analysis to examine the similarities and differences in campaign finance restrictions across the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). It utilises data from documents to identify policy patterns and impacts. This research examines the impact of campaign finance restrictions in ASEAN, offering new insights and data on the influence of such regulations on electoral outcomes. It also provides recommendations for enhancing transparency and integrity in elections. This article examines the efficacy of campaign finance restrictions in enhancing electoral transparency and integrity in Indonesia. The findings indicate that, despite the restrictions' objective of curbing undue influence in the electoral process, their implementation continues to encounter substantial obstacles, including inadequate oversight and a dearth of information disclosure. The research underscores the necessity for regulatory reform and the fortification of oversight mechanisms as pivotal strategies to attain elections that are more equitable and transparent.
The Effectiveness of Restorative Justice in Resolving Juvenile Criminal Cases: An Examination of Legal and Social Perspectives
Authors: Karina Ica
Published: September 2024

The objective of this research is to examine and address issues pertaining to the enforcement of the law in instances of violent criminal activity perpetrated by students of legal age who are enrolled in educational institutions. External factors, including association, education, and social environment, exert a significant influence on children's criminal behavior, which frequently originates from the tendency to emulate negative behaviors and the lack of adequate parental supervision. This research employs a normative legal approach to elucidate the nature of the penalties imposed upon minors who perpetrate criminal acts, as delineated in the Juvenile Criminal Justice System No. 11/2012. The findings indicate that to avert criminal conduct by minors, it is imperative to implement sustainable development initiatives that bolster the survival, physical, mental, and social advancement of children, while safeguarding them from threats that could jeopardize their future and the nation. The juvenile criminal justice system incorporates community involvement throughout the entirety of the case process. Crimes occurring within the community are shaped by the prevailing social conditions, along with individual factors pertaining to the perpetrators and victims. At the conclusion of each case, the community is tasked with facilitating the reintegration of offenders and victims back into the social milieu. This is achieved through either the establishment of new informal institutions or the reinforcement of existing formal ones.
INTERROGATING THE COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION PARADIGM: A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Mapuva Jephias
Published: September 2024

Community participation in governance processes has been viewed as enhancing a democratic culture within concerned communities by making participants part of the problem-solving mechanism. Proponents of community participation espouse divergent views but concur that positive attributes are realised. In South Africa the post-1994 democratic dispensation has created an enabling environment for community participation at different levels of government. This has been necessitated in part to the participatory approach the communities undertook to dislodge the apartheid regime. In South Africa, through appropriate constitutional provisions, communities have been empowered to have a stake in the running of their own affairs through elected councillors and municipal officials. With community participation, people have felt to be part of a solution to problems in their communities and this has helped to eliminate poverty through the engagement of private sector to provide services which cannot be efficiently delivered by government. Lack of interest in municipal affairs has also resulted in non-participation by some communities.
The Role of Using a Rubric in Assessing Sophomore Students Oral Performance at KEU and Balkh Universities
Authors: Kosha Pohanwal Afifa , Rahmani Halima
Published: September 2024

The main goal of this article is to explore the ways to assess students’ oral performance (what students exactly do and what are teachers’ expectation from students by using a rubric. The main problem in this research is uncertainty and students complain about their grades while teachers cannot convince their students. Since the areas of assessment are not clear it causes a challenge between teachers and students. Through this research I found that using a rubric for assessing students’ performance in any courses based on the aim and objectives of a course can convince educators in term of learning outcome. The importance of this research paper is that if teachers are using rubrics and guide learners in assessing their spoken performance for more transparency or clarity between teachers and students it makes the result of teaching/learning more acceptable and the learning outcome will be more productive. This is a qualitative approach research and the participants of this study were 30 teachers and 20 students from Kabul Education University and Balkh university of English departments. After reading this research article hopefully teachers can get useful information for creating and designing useful rubrics including standard criteria to facilitate evaluation and assessment. In teaching and learning process that is the evidence of professional assessment in different level especially at the university level. In conclusion, this research has found that lack of using rubrics cause uncertainty between teachers and students. When teachers use a rubric for more clarity to guide students what they exactly do in their performance and what the teacher expect them. Therefore, they can convince each other and reach in to satisfactory results.
Apply Honey Barger Algorithm to double integral sliding mode observer for stable load frequency in multi-area power system
Authors: Tran Anh-Tuan , Huynh Van Van , Tran Thinh Lam-The
Published: September 2024

A randomness of load demand and plant uncertainties causes frequency deviation in linked power plants. Based on the double-integral sliding mode observer (DISMO) integrated Honey Badger algorithm (HBA), a novel LFC for a multi-area power plant (MAPP) is introduced in this article. The main aim is to minimize frequency offset, finite time, and aggregate instability of controllable loads subject to the balance of the power on the MAPP. Firstly, the suggested observer is developed to ensure an exact estimation of the actual signal for the controller input signal. Secondly, a double-integral sliding surface (DISS) is introduced based on estimated signals the designed observer gains. Then, a new SMC rule is designed to ensure finite time reachability and eliminate the chattering and oscillating troubles. Thirdly, in this regard, the proposed sliding surface is designed with four selected parameters. Regarding this, to maximize the ability of the suggested SMCer, the optimized controller parameters are determined by HBA. The robustness of the suggested scheme is examined by various case studies on the LFC models in a single-area power plant (SAPP) and MAPP under different load disturbances and parameter uncertainties.
Penerapan Permainan Bola Beracun pada Awal Pembelajaran Pjok untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas IX di SMPN 13 Surabaya
Authors: Mochammad Ilmawan Amiruddin  , Andhega Wijaya  , Agus Suparno
Published: September 2024

This research was motivated by the low learning motivation of students in class IX of SMP Negeri 13 Surabaya. The aim of this research is to obtain data and information regarding increasing students' learning motivation by implementing a small poison ball game in PJOK learning. The type of research used is classroom action research with planning, implementation, observation and reflection procedures. Classroom action research was conducted in class IX at SMP Negeri 13 Surabaya with a total of 30 students. The research was carried out over two cycles and data collection on student learning motivation was carried out through motivation questionnaires, interviews and documentation and then analyzed using descriptive quantitative percentages. The research results obtained an increase in student motivation obtained from the motivation questionnaire conducted at the end of cycles I and II by filling in the questionnaire on reflection on PJOK learning.
Upaya Meningkatkan Minat Belajar Peserta Didik Melalui Permainan Berburu Binatang Dalam Pembelajaran PJOK di SMPN 28 Surabaya
Authors: Farhan Dwiki Mailiano Kumaat  , Bambang Ferianto Tjahyo Kuntjoro  , Ifanuddin Muchtar
Published: September 2024

Comfort becomes very important when used as a driver to carry out learning that requires full concentration in receiving all materials. This factor also plays an important role in the success of learning. It can be seen from the comfort of each student. This classroom action research focuses on collecting information on how animal hunting games can increase students' interest in learning. This action was carried out in two cycles. The sample in this study was 30 students of class 9F SMPN 28 Surabaya. The results of the actions of cycle I and cycle II through observation and questionnaires were that there was an increase in students' interest in learning when using animal hunting games.
The Evolution of a Ring-Enhancing Lesion
Authors:   Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Yang Ann , Park Michael ,   Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Awan Zainab ,   Abbottabad International Medical Center, Shaikh Hamadullah ,   Department of Infectious Disease, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital
Published: September 2024

We report a case of probable neurocysticercosis in a 30-year-old non-Hispanic Caucasian patient without international travel history who presented with breakthrough seizures and a ring-enhancing lesion with perilesional edema. He first developed seizures two years prior, and his workup then demonstrated a single ring-enhancing lesion that was initially attributed to head trauma. On his presentation for breakthrough seizures, his ring-enhancing lesion demonstrated new perilesional edema, and on repeat imaging one month later, near resolution of the cystic lesion. His serum and cerebrospinal fluid serologies for Taenia solium were negative. Of note, the patient reports a friend who developed seizures at around the same time. While this patients demographics, lack of travel history, and negative serologies are not typical of neurocysticercosis in the United States, the characteristic evolution of his cystic lesion from the vesicular to the granular stage on MRI with late-onset perilesional edema and a classical presentation of seizures is most consistent with neurocysticercosis. Considering the absence of other epidemiological risk factors and the occurrence of seizures in close contact during the same timeframe, we hypothesize that the patient was exposed to T. solium through the consumption of contaminated food in the United States.
Diagnostic impact of diffusion weighted imaging in acute appendicitis
Authors: Caymaz Ismail , Hallaç İnci Ece , Buz Yaşar Ayşenur , Ertürk Şükrü Mehmet
Published: September 2024

Objective: This study reveals the impact of using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) to accurately diagnose acute appendicitis as an alternative to CT.
Methods: In our study, 41 patients with suspected acute appendicitis, who had undergone magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) following sonographic (US) evaluation, and been referred to the radiology department during a period of 5 months were included. Two radiologists separately evaluated diffusion-weighted images. A five-range scoring system was used in the evaluation of diffusion MRI for each B-value. Any score that is 3 or higher is considered acute appendicitis. Statistical analysis was performed, and ROC curves were used for comparison.
Results: In our study, 41 patients were examined. After the exclusion of 6 patients, out of the 35 patients (13 women, 22 men; mean age: 34, age range: 16 to 80) included in the study, 19 (46%) underwent surgery, and pathology results confirmed acute appendicitis. The results of all operated patients were consistent with the ultrasonography reports. However, ultrasonography had three false-positive results. Of these patients, two were identified by two observers and one by a single observer as not having appendicitis via DWI. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy rate for DWI were measured as 52-89%, 50-87.5%, 59-80%, 68-84%, and 65-80%, respectively.
Conclusion: According to our study, with the advancement of technology, we believe that MRI usage in appendicitis will possibly increase, potentially surpassing CT, especially in selected cases due to the absence of radiation dose concerns.
IMPACTO DOS CUIDADOS DOMICILIARES NA QUALIDADE DE VIDA DOS IDOSOS
Authors: Silva Fábio , Cezário Pâmela
Published: September 2024

Este estudo tem como objetivo revisar o impacto dos cuidados domiciliares na qualidade de vida dos idosos, com base em uma análise de 20 artigos científicos publicados entre 2010 e 2023. A revisão abordou quatro principais áreas de impacto: redução de hospitalizações, melhora na qualidade de vida, controle de condições crônicas e suporte aos cuidadores informais. Os resultados indicaram que os cuidados domiciliares reduzem significativamente o número de hospitalizações, com uma redução de até 30%, melhoram a qualidade de vida em 85% dos estudos, especialmente no bem-estar emocional e na autonomia dos idosos, e oferecem suporte essencial aos cuidadores, embora 50% dos estudos relatem sobrecarga emocional e física entre eles. Além disso, 80% dos estudos relataram melhorias no controle de condições crônicas, como diabetes e hipertensão, devido ao monitoramento contínuo e à adesão rigorosa ao tratamento. Este estudo, realizado pela equipe da empresa LASAC CUIDADOS NO LAR LTDA, sob a direção de Luciana Gomes da Silva, ressalta a importância da expansão dos programas de cuidados domiciliares no Brasil, com ênfase na capacitação dos profissionais de saúde e no suporte técnico e emocional aos cuidadores.
Impact of English Teaching on Students’ Academic Performance at Higher Secondary School Level
Authors: Zada Shair , Solehria Tabassum Faiz , Ullah Hakim , Ahmad Shahji
Published: September 2024

The current study investigated the diverse dimensions of English teaching that influence students' academic performance at the higher secondary level, with a focus on refining teaching methodologies and tackling challenges in English learning experiences. Using a methodical research approach, the study focuses on the critical role that teachers play in English instruction for both students and teachers from government higher secondary schools in the Dir Lower area of KP. The use of a quantitative research strategy, in conjunction with a pilot study and a specially created questionnaire, guarantees the validity of data gathering and analysis. Through the use of SPSS software, data analysis can yield a wealth of information on students' perceptions and experiences with learning English. The results emphasize the value of good teaching strategies, the advantages of integrating technology, and the necessity of continual professional development for teachers. Regression analysis also shows a significant relationship between better academic achievement and improved English teaching methods. The recommendations of the study supported various efforts to enhance vigorous teacher training with improved and latest technology. The study has provided very useful information for the development and improvement of instructional strategies for English teachers at upper secondary schools.
DRIFTING FILAMENTOUS ALGAE IN THE COASTAL ZONE OF THE EASTERN CASPIAN SEA AS AN INDEPENDENT UPPER PELAGIC COMMUNITY
Authors:   P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sapozhnikov F. V. , Zavyalov P. O. ,   P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kurbaniyazov A. K. ,   International Kazakh-Turkish University named after Khoja Ahmed Yasawi, International University of Tourism and Hospitality, Kurbaniyazov N. K. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: September 2024

The coastal zone of the Middle Caspian is currently undergoing significant changes due to falling sea levels. With shallowing, the nature of the influence of water flows on bottom landscapes changes, including the intensification of the impact of storm waves on their surfaces inhabited by bottom communities. The impact of rolling and storm waves on bottom algae is also increasing. Cenoses of bottom macrophyte algae, which was previously growing on underwater rocks, including flat rock platforms, which abound along the eastern coast of the Middle Caspian, at depths of 10-12 m, were previously affected only by particularly strong storm waves. Now their habitats are at a significantly shallower depth (about 7.5-9.5 m), which led to more frequent and massive detachments of macrophyte thalli and their transfer to the pelagic zone. Mass transfer of living thalli of green and red algae to the upper layers of the water column during different seasons of the year led to the formation of communities of a new type, differently structuring the surface layer of the phytopelagic zone. New cenoses are a set of metamorphosed thalli of filamentous algae with a microepiphytic complex abundantly growing on them, live in the surface layer of water for a long time, serve as food for pelagic fish and have a significant impact on coastal landscapes. Mass development of macrophytes on the bottom, and their further intensive development in the pelagic zone, in turn, can be caused by increased eutrophication of the coastal zone in areas of large settlements.
ASSESSMENT AND FORECAST OF THE MONTHLY RUNOFF OF THE ARYS RIVER BASIN BY THE CANONICAL DECOMPOSITION METHOD
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Davletgaliyev S. K. , Tursunova A. A. ,   JSC «Institute of Geography and Water Security», Bazarbek A. T. ,   JSC «Institute of Geography and Water Security»
Published: September 2024

The article considers the possibility of using the results of joint modeling of runoff and runoff- forming factors to assess and forecast the water resources in the Arys River basin. To solve this problem, the canonical decomposition method was used, which allows us to characterize a random process (river runoff) by a set of independent random variables and non–random functions. The method is optimal in the class of linear transformations, decomposition was carried out according to natural orthogonal components. Monthly, annual and vegetative hydrograph of the Arys River runoff were predicted for 2030, 2040 and 2050, according to two scenarios, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5. The results of the study showed that changes in river runoff by 2030, 2040, and 2050 fluctuate around the climatic norm of 1974–2019, both downwards and upwards. The use of the canonical decomposition model based on the dependence of runoff on climatic characteristics is fully justified by the results obtained.
ASSESSMENT OF THE MODERN LANDSCAPE STRUCTURE OF THE WEST KAZAKHSTAN REGION
Authors:   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Tokbergenova A. A. , Bassova T. A. ,   Institute of Geography and Water Security JSC, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Skorintseva I. B. ,   Institute of Geography and Water Security JSC, al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Ryskeldiyeva A. M. ,   Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: September 2024

The article presents an assessment of the modern landscape structure of the Western Kazakhstan region, based on the developed map of modern landscapes, made at a scale of 1:1 500,000. Based on the assessment, it was established that in the landscape structure of the entire region, the largest areas are occupied by landscape types of elevated stratal plains (17.8 % of the region’s area) and structural plateaus (14.6 %). Qualitative and quantitative analysis of landscape structure and assessment of dynamic trends in landscape transformation made it possible to establish that within the steppe and dry-steppe zones of the studied region, anthropogenically transformed natural-territorial complexes (NTC) take place in almost all identified types of landscapes and occupy 51.2 and 42.6 % of the NTC area in ​​these zones. Within the natural complexes of semi-arid and arid natural zones, 29.9 and 23.2 % of their area are anthropogenically transformed. On the basis of the regional assessment of the modern landscape structure, environmental standards for anthropogenic loads and approaches to organizing a system of rational environmental management, aimed at the sustainable functioning of natural and economic systems, are developed.
Desafíos y oportunidades en la prestación del servicio de agua potable del Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado Municipal del cantón Quevedo
Authors: Jaramillo Mejía Adonis , Manjarrez Fuentes Nelly , Ramírez Chávez Máximo
Published: September 2024

Este estudio examina los retos y oportunidades en la prestación del servicio de agua potable por parte de la Empresa Pública Municipal de Agua Potable y Alcantarillado del cantón Quevedo (EPMAPAQ) del gobierno municipal de Quevedo. Con un enfoque mixto, se emplearon técnicas de revisión documental y entrevistas semiestructuradas a una muestra de 59 personas, que incluyeron al gerente, funcionarios de EPMAPAQ y líderes de 10 sectores. La revisión documental abarcó informes técnicos, planes de desarrollo y ordenamiento territorial, identificando aspectos clave, desafíos y oportunidades en la gestión del agua potable. Las entrevistas, basadas en un guion que abordó temas como desafíos, estrategias y oportunidades de mejora, junto con una encuesta a los funcionarios, proporcionaron información sobre la gestión. Los datos fueron analizados mediante codificación temática y triangulación con la revisión documental. Se identificaron patrones y categorías recurrentes, y los resultados se interpretaron considerando el marco teórico y estudios previos. Además, se utilizó el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson para medir la relación entre variables. Los hallazgos acentúan la necesidad de estrategias integrales que aborden la deficiencia de infraestructura, el crecimiento poblacional, la escasez de recursos y el fortalecimiento de la gestión institucional, aprovechando oportunidades como tecnologías innovadoras, participación ciudadana, cooperación interinstitucional y atracción de inversiones para garantizar un servicio eficiente, sostenible y accesible.
Caracterización físico-química, perfil de ácidos grasos y actividad antioxidante del aceite de almendra de Pourouma cecropiifolia
Authors: Reyes-Mera Jorge Julio , Viáfara-Banguera Derwin , Abreu-Naranjo Reinier , Luna-Fox Sting Brayan
Published: September 2024

Este estudio se propuso evaluar las características físico-químicas del aceite de almendras de Pourouma cecropiifolia, así como su perfil de ácidos grasos, el contenido total de compuestos fenólicos y su actividad antioxidante. La extracción del aceite se realizó mediante el método Soxhlet utilizando n-hexano como disolvente. Las propiedades físico-químicas fueron determinadas siguiendo los procedimientos establecido por la AOAC. El contenido de ácidos grasos se examinó a través de cromatografía de gases, mientras que los compuestos fenólicos totales se midieron por el método Folin-Ciocalteu. Se emplearon los ensayos DPPH y ABTS para medir la actividad antioxidante. La mayoría de las propiedades físico-químicas analizadas cumplieron con los estándares establecidos por el Códex Alimentarius, con la excepción de la materia insaponificable, el índice de yodo y el contenido de humedad. Los ácidos grasos predominantes en el aceite fueron el ácido linoleico (26,78%), ácido behénico (25,11%) y ácido palmítico (20,43%). El contenido total de compuestos fenólicos fue de 403,66±0,49 mg EAG·kg-1, mientras que la actividad antioxidante, evaluada a través de los ensayos DPPH y ABTS, fue de 1,11±0,10 y 2,07±0,04 mmol ET·kg-1, respectivamente.
El Juez como gestor de cambios sociales: Análisis del activismo judicial en el periodo de la Corte Constitucional 2019-2021
Authors: Bonilla Morejón Jefferson Steven , Hernández Muñoz Verónica de Lourdes , Alvear Calderón María Jose
Published: September 2024

Desde su creación, la Corte Constitucional de Ecuador ha desempeñado un papel crucial en la sociedad. Este protagonismo se debe en parte a su intervención judicial en temas esenciales para la población, como el desplazamiento forzado, el aborto, la salud, la eutanasia, la comunidad LGBTI, y el sistema carcelario, entre otros. Para promover cambios sociales, este Tribunal ha empleado de manera excepcional las sentencias estructurales en su jurisprudencia y ha introducido el concepto de declaración de estado de cosas inconstitucional. A lo largo de su labor, ha logrado ciertos avances y ha enfrentado diversas dificultades. Los logros han permitido la promoción de políticas públicas que efectivamente protegen los derechos de las personas, mientras que las dificultades han obligado a reevaluar procesos para superar los problemas encontrados. Un tema crucial en nuestro país, considerando el actual proceso constituyente, es revisar el papel del juez en el marco del Estado constitucional de derecho y, eventualmente, considerar un retorno al estado de bienestar. Partiendo del constitucionalismo liberal, que establece una labor restringida dentro del modelo de «separación de poderes» desde el contractualismo de Montesquieu, la consolidación de jueces con mayores atribuciones se hace necesaria. Esto se debe a la relación cada vez más estrecha entre el derecho constitucional y el derecho internacional de los derechos humanos, así como al papel del juez como facilitador de la exigibilidad y justiciabilidad de los derechos sociales. El surgimiento del activismo judicial, en el contexto del proceso constituyente actual, nos invita a reflexionar sobre esta figura, su naturaleza jurídica y social, y los posibles alcances en un nuevo Estado constitucional (y social) de derecho, una demanda claramente anhelada por la ciudadanía.
Polinomio de Newton en la modelación de la extracción asistida por ultrasonido de compuestos fenólicos de Piper aduncum L.
Authors: Hidalgo-Sánchez Mónica Alexandra , Pérez-Cuesta Angélica Marina , Montesdeoca-Erazo Robinson Vladimir , Luna-Fox Sting Brayan
Published: September 2024

El objetivo de esta investigación fue crear un modelo matemático utilizando el polinomio de Newton, que permita analizar cómo varían las concentraciones de compuestos fenólicos durante la extracción con ultrasonido de Piper. aduncum L. Los extractos acuosos se prepararon por triplicado en un equipo de baño ultrasónico pesando 3±0,1 g de muestra seca junto con 100 mL de agua destilada y las temperaturas de extracción fueron 20, 22,5, 25, 30, 32,5, 35, 40, 42,5, 45, 50, 52,5, 55, 60, 62,5, 65, 70,72,5, 75 y 80°C. Los compuestos fenólicos totales se determinaron utilizando la técnica de Folin-Ciocalteu y estos datos se emplearon para calcular los coeficientes del polinomio de Newton. El modelo predictivo fue validado mediante el cálculo del coeficiente de Pearson. La temperatura de extracción tuvo un efecto positivo sobre el rendimiento de compuestos fenólicos con valores que variaron entre 0,17±0,02 y 0,69±0,04 g EAG·100g -1 ms. El modelo conseguido fue de grado 6 y tuvo un buen ajuste a los datos experimentales con un coeficiente de Pearson de 0,998. El presente estudio destaca la importancia del polinomio de Newton como herramienta para modelar el proceso de extracción de compuestos fenólicos, proporcionando una comprensión detallada del efecto de la temperatura en el rendimiento extracción, lo cual es esencial para mejorar la eficiencia en aplicaciones industriales y científicas.