bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge-Driven Data Sharing Governance: Developing a data provenance model for constructing context-aware data sharing frameworks for linkage data within the All of Us Research Program.
Authors: Haendel Melissa , Rahman Nandita , Moffitt Richard , Madlock-Brown Charisse , Pfaff Emily , Phuong Jim , Barth-Jones Daniel , Phua Jasmin , Chute Chris , Galey David , Gugerty Brian , Musick Anjene , Berman Lew , Ramirez Andrea
Published: September 2024

Health data access and sharing in the U.S. have been hindered by complex privacy and security conditions, limiting research and improvement of health outcomes. This challenge is even greater in minority and sensitive populations - who would benefit most from integrative research. The All of Us Research Program is a National Institutes of Health funded initiative aiming to enhance health research through the analysis of lifestyle, environment, and genetics data from over one million participants, with a focus on communities historically underrepresented in biomedical research. The program is enhancing the utility of data by incorporating passive data streams, such as claims, electronic health records (EHRs), environmental, geocodes, mortality, and residential history. Further, through the use of national health information exchange standards, All of Us also aims to address technical challenges in linking EHRs from health information networks to deliver a more complete longitudinal participant record. However, such an initiative necessitates a thoughtful approach through data awareness, advancing data access in ways that preserve individual privacy while increasing scientific utility. Here, we describe our privacy-preserving record linkage (PPRL) and data privacy risk disclosure control strategy, emphasizing fit-for-purpose data provisioning. Our knowledge-driven data ecosystem architecture leverages a combination of PPRL, data provenance, and geocoding at multiple levels to support context-aware data sharing granular access control.
Barriers and enablers to secondary use of multi-regional linked administrative health data for three distinct user groups: academic researchers, health-system knowledge users, and private sector researchers
Authors: Duchen Raquel , Curtis Maillet Donna , McDonald Ted , Gately Jodi , Gale Keltie , Ho Minnie , Schull Michael , Caetano Trish , Hayes Anne
Published: September 2024

Objective and ApproachWe analyzed barriers and enablers to accessing pan-Canadian health sector data and data analytic services for three distinct user groups: 1) academic researchers, 2) health-system knowledge users (KUs), and 3) private sector researchers. Specifically, we a) conducted a legislative and policy scan regarding use of health administrative data for research, quality improvement, and health system management and b) systematically consulted with data centre directors and staff, privacy and legal experts, knowledge users (KUs), private sector entities, and university and government officials.
ResultsKUs and private sector organizations face unique barriers because structures and regulations related to data access and use are set at multiple university and government institutions and are primarily designed for academic research. Additionally, data repositories often have specific policy/legislative barriers to working with KUs and/or private sector researchers. However, all groups face common issues including variations in regional regulations and policies making harmonized and streamlined processes challenging; lengthy data access and ethics review processes; and regional variations in data availability. Enablers included diverse expertise and initiatives across Canada such as: initiatives to streamline ethics reviews for multi-regional research, expand data holdings, increase standardization and harmonization, and implement systems for federated analyses.
ConclusionsAccess to health system data and analytics in Canada varies by user group and across regions.  Although each user group faces unique challenges, they also all have many barriers and enablers in common.
ImplicationsImproving health system data access for one use group has the potential to benefit the others.
Comparing terminology mappings to ICD-10 coded data in Discharge Abstract Database (DAD) in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Sandhu Namneet , Li Bing , Southern Danielle A , Tower Glenda , Onos Debbie , Lochhead Anita , Whittle Sarah , Quan Hude
Published: September 2024

IntroductionCoding has become burdensome to healthcare systems due to patient complexity and resource requirements. In Alberta, Intelligent Medical Objects (IMO), an interface terminology mapping product, is integrated within the new province-wide Clinical Information System, named Connect Care (CC), to support documentation by clinicians and map clinical terminologies to ICD-10. This study evaluates comparability of terminologies mapped ICD-10 codes to the ICD-10 codes in DAD.
ApproachWe conducted a retrospective analysis by linking acute care hospital DAD with CC between April 2021 and December 2023. The primary outcome was the level of agreement between ‘hospital problem list’ of CC and DAD for ICD-10-CA codes at a 3-digit level. The number of diagnoses and rate of unspecified codes were also compared. The outcome measures were stratified by physician specialty, hospital type and location, and length-of-stay (LOS).
ResultsA total of 498,834 unique hospital records were linked. The average level of agreement between CC and DAD at 3-digit level of ICD-10-CA code was 43.4%. The average number of diagnoses captured in CC (3.91) was slightly lower than DAD (4.06), and the average rate of unspecified codes was higher in CC (26.4%) compared to DAD (23.0%). The level of agreement varied by specialty and length-of-stay with specialties with more complex patients and longer lengths-of-stay having the lowest agreement (43% for generalists and internal medicine and 33% for LOS >3 months).
ConclusionLevel of agreement between CC and DAD for ICD-10 data was identified as low, indicating significant disparities between terminology mappings and the coding process.
Enhancing integration of administrative databases in South Africa's HIV program: Validation of record linkage using non-representative gold standard
Authors: Lauren Evelyn , Gareta Dickman , Shumba Khumbo , Onoya Dorina , Bor Jacob
Published: September 2024

IntroductionLinked administrative data are widely used in epidemiology to capture patient data across multiple databases. Linkage error rates, critical to measure linkage performance, are rarely reported due to difficulty in obtaining representative gold standard. We propose a training and validation approach for linkage procedures that yield unbiased performance estimates even with a non-representative gold standard.
MethodsWe linked patient records from two non-deduplicated databases for HIV monitoring in South Africa, TIER.Net and NHLS laboratory database, using a network-based probabilistic linkage and deduplication approach. National IDs (gold standard) were available for a non-representative minority of records (10%). We calculated sensitivity (Sen, share of true matches identified by the algorithm) and positive predictive value (PPV, share of algorithm-identified matches that were true matches). We adjusted for bias due to informative missingness in National IDs using inverse probability weights to break the link between missingness and match probability.
Results111,755 record pairs were considered. National IDs were not missing completely at random. Match probabilities for National ID record pairs exhibited substantially less uncertainty (mid-range match probabilities), inflating Sen and PPV. Before bias correction, Sen and PPV were estimated at 97.0% and 97.8% respectively. After bias correction for missing National IDs, Sen and PPV were estimated at 95.7% and 96.6%. Failure to address this bias understated the overlinkage rate (100% - PPV) by 35% and the underlinkage rate (100% - Sen) by 30%.
ConclusionFailure to adjust for informative missingness in the gold standard may lead to biased validation metrics and over/underconfidence in linked data.
Evaluating Health Canada’s Proposed Front-of-Pack Labelling Policy: Burden of Healthcare Use Attributed to Health Canada’s Proposed Front-of-Pack Labelling Policy
Authors: Buttar Alisha , Jessri Mahsa
Published: September 2024

The economic burden of disease due to consumption of poor diet costs billions of dollars annually to the Canadian healthcare system. This project is in response to the growing interest in the use of nutrient profiling systems on front-of-package (FOP) nutrition labels in Canada. There is a high demand for simplified healthy eating messaging. Health Canada announced improving food environments is a priority in the Healthy Eating Strategy and will implement the mandatory FOP label policy in 2026. Two Ontario-based studies examined the impacts of health behaviors (smoking, alcohol consumption, poor diet and physical inactivity) attributed to hospital bed-days and costs. They found 36% of hospital use was attributable to all health behaviours resulting in 900,000 bed-days annually. Between 2004-2013, 22% of healthcare costs totalling $89.4 billion were attributable to the four health behaviours. These are likely underestimates as diet was measured based on fruit/vegetables frequency.
The objective is to evaluate Health Canada’s Proposed FOP policy on hospital bed-days.
Detailed dietary data from the nationally representative cross-sectional national survey data Canadian Community Heath Survey-Nutrition 2004 linked to Discharge Abstract Database (2004-14) for hospital use will be used for analysis. Data-driven methodology will be employed and development of multivariable risk models using zero-inflated negative binomial regression with multiple exposure groups to test a dose-response.
Results are undergoing, will be ready September 2024.
This is the first study to analyze Health Canada’s proposed FOP policy related to economic outcomes. These findings will provide evidence-based recommendations to policymakers on nutrition policy.
National Experimental Wellbeing Statistics (NEWS)
Authors: Rothbaum Jonathan
Published: September 2024

The NEWS project is improving and expanding estimates of income, poverty, and other measures of economic wellbeing by linking survey, administrative, and commercial data. The initial release addressed biases from unit nonresponse through improved weights, missing income information in survey and administrative data through improved imputation, and misreporting by combining or replacing survey responses with administrative data.
Census Bureau Household Panel
Authors: Fields Jason
Published: September 2024

The Census Bureau Household Panel is a nationally-representative, address-based, probability-based internet panel (including non-internet households) designed to improve representativeness, significantly reduce burden on sampled households, and promote high-frequency data meeting the immediate needs of the government and public. The Panel facilitates near real-time analysis of national events that may impact social, economic, or demographic characteristics of the population. It supports research to improve surveys, including testing content changes, alternative methods for enhancing data with administrative and other data sources, and adaptive survey design procedures.
Dependiómetro: una alternativa instrumental para evaluar dependencia emocional hacia la pareja en jóvenes
Authors: Pérez-Pimienta Diana , García y Barragán Luis Felipe
Published: September 2024

El objetivo del presente estudio fue construir y validar una escala (dependiómetro) que presente las diferentes manifestaciones de dependencia emocional hacia la pareja que tienen los jóvenes, y para lograrlo se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, transversal y psicométrico mediante la aplicación de una escala para evaluar dependencia emocional hacia la pareja a una muestra de 576 jóvenes universitarios entre 18 a 25 años. A partir de ello, se logró diseñar una escala que integra de forma ascendente conforme al nivel de intensidad, las manifestaciones de dependencia emocional en los diferentes componentes (afectivo, cognitivo, comportamental, y motivacional). Los resultados permiten concluir que el dependiómetro puede emplearse como una primera aproximación de la evaluación de dependencia emocional hacia la pareja en jóvenes, ya que integra aspectos o áreas claves en la vida de dicha población.
Vanhustyöntekijöiden teknologiaan liittämät tunteet – avovastausten analysoiminen tekoälypohjaisen klusteroinnin keinoin
Authors: Toivanen Ida , Lampi Anna , Sihto Tiina , Oinas Tomi , Taipale Sakari
Published: September 2024

Sosiaali- ja terveydenhuollon työn teknologisoituminen on edennyt viime vuosina ripeästi. Käytetty teknologia herättää työntekijöissä tunteita, jotka vaikuttavat niin työnteon sujuvuuteen kuin asiakaskohtaamisiinkin. Tässä artikkelissa tavoitteenamme on tarkastella vanhustyöntekijöiden teknologiaan liittämiä tunteita erityisen menetelmällisen kokeilun avulla. Tutkimuskysymyksemme ovat: 1) Miten luonnollisella kielellä kuvattuja vanhushoivan työntekijöiden teknologiaan liittämiä tunnekokemuksia voidaan ryhmitellä tekoälypohjaisella klusteroinnilla?  2) Millaisia hyötyjä tekoälypohjaisella klusteroinnilla on sosiaalilääketieteelliselle tutkimukselle? Aineistona käytämme Jyväskylän yliopiston vuosina 2019 (N=6903) ja 2021 (N=1679) vanhuspalveluiden työntekijöiltä sähköisellä kyselylomakkeella keräämää paneeliaineistoa ja erityisesti sen teknologiaan liitettyjä tunteita koskevaa avokysymystä. Sovellamme avovastausaineistoon (N=3806) transformer-mallilla pohjustettua k-keskiarvoklusterointia ja visualisoimme tuloksia sana- ja hajontapilvillä. Useiden kokeilujen jälkeen päädyimme kahdeksan klusterin malliin. Klusterit kertovat sekä aineiston rakenteesta että vanhustyöntekijöiden tavoista vastata tunteita koskeviin avokysymyksiin. Omiksi ryppäikseen erottuivat positiiviset, negatiiviset, neutraalit sekä ristiriitaiset vastaukset. Lisäksi analyysistä erottuivat vastausryppäät, joissa tunnekokemukset yhdistettiin vanhustyön tiettyihin piirteisiin ja käytäntöihin. Tulokset osoittavat, että menetelmän käyttömahdollisuudet sosiaalilääketieteelliselle tutkimukselle ovat laajat. Menetelmä voi auttaa hahmottamaan huonosti tunnettuja ilmiötä sekä kehittämään niihin strukturoituja mittareita. Transformer-pohjainen ohjaamattoman oppimisen menetelmä soveltuu laajasti myös muunlaisten luonnolliseen kieleen perustuvien aineistojen, kuten asiakas- ja potilaskertomusten, analysointiin sosiaali- ja terveydenhuollon alalla eikä pienten suomenkielisten tekstiaineistojenkaan käsittely muodostu ongelmaksi. Tämän tutkimuksen tulokset ovat sovellettavissa myös käytännön kehitystyöhön, kun teknologioita otetaan käyttöön ja kehitetään vanhustyön kentällä.
Järjestelmälliset katsaukset tutkimustiedon tiivistämisen menetelmänä: menetelmä ja sovelluskohteet sosiaali- ja terveydenhuollossa
Authors: Jylhä Virpi , Ristolainen Hanna , Kekoni Taru , Kinnunen Ulla-Mari
Published: September 2024

Sosiaali- ja terveyspalveluiden laadun ja vaikuttavuuden varmistamiseksi tarvitaan yhteen koottua tutkimustietoa ja edelleen tutkimusnäytön levittämistä palveluiden järjestämisen ja käytännön toiminnan kehittämiseen. Tutkittua tietoa on olemassa runsaasti ja järjestelmällinen katsaus on tutkimusmenetelmä, jolla tietoa saadaan luotettavasti etsittyä ja tiivistettyä. Tämän artikkelin tarkoituksena on kuvata eri tutkimuskysymyksiin vastaavien järjestelmällisten katsausten prosessit, menetelmät ja sovelluskohteet sosiaali- ja terveydenhuollon käytäntöjen kehittämisessä. Artikkelissa esitellään tarkemmin vaikuttavuustutkimuksiin keskittyvä määrällinen järjestelmällinen katsaus sekä laadullinen järjestelmällinen katsaus. Lisäksi esitellään kartoittava katsaus ja sen sovelluskohteet.
Järjestelmällinen katsaus toteutetaan tarkoin määritellyn prosessin mukaisesti. Sosiaali- ja terveydenhuollon palvelujen ja hoitotoimenpiteiden arvioinnin näkökulmasta määrällinen järjestelmällinen katsaus vastaa kysymykseen toimenpiteen tai palvelun vaikuttavuudesta. Laadullisella järjestelmällisellä katsauksella tuotetaan tietoa toimenpiteen tai palvelun tarkoituksenmukaisuudesta, käyttökelpoisuudesta tai merkityksellisyydestä. Kartoittavaa katsausta käytetään silloin, jos tarkoituksena on tunnistaa ja kartoittaa tietystä aihealueesta tai ilmiöstä saatavilla olevaa tutkimustietoa. Järjestelmällisiä katsauksia hyödynnetään terveydenhuollon käytäntöihin kiinnittyvien näyttöön perustuvien suosituksien laadinnassa, mutta sosiaalihuollossa tutkimustiedon siirtyminen käytäntöön on huomattavasti heikompaa ja vaatii tulevaisuudessa mittavia panostuksia.
Sosiaalilääketieteen menetelmät elävät ajassa – ja niitä on myös huollettava
Authors: Isola Anna-Maria
Published: September 2024

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Leveraging integrated youth services for social prescribing: a case study of Youth Wellness Hubs Ontario
Authors: Turpin Aaron , Chiodo Deb , Talotta Maria , Henderson Jo
Published: September 2024

Introduction

Integrated youth services (IYS) presents a unique opportunity to adopt social prescribing (SP) strategies within the IYS service model by developing and leveraging a highly connected multidisciplinary network of clinical and community-based service providers to tackle health inequities and enhance service access and outcomes for youth. This paper outlines a case study of Youth Wellness Hubs Ontario (YWHO), Canada, a collective of youth-serving organizations integrated and networked, and operating as a learning health system implementing SP services. The main study objective was to document how YWHO hubs engage in social prescribing through service provision.

Methods

We adopted an embedded case study approach. Data were collected from youth (n = 6361) aged between 12 and 25 years who were seeking services at a YWHO hub. Descriptive analyses, including frequencies across categories, were generated from service data, including reason for visit, needs addressed and service provided.

Results

A comparative analysis of services requested and provided found that youth across visits to YWHO hubs were engaging with multiple services and service providers, with a wide range of health, mental health and social support needs being addressed.

Conclusion

YWHO implements SP services that aim to improve mental health resilience by supporting the vocational, educational and socialization needs of young people accessing IYS through YWHO hubs.
Utilisation des déterminants du vieillissement en bonne santé pour guider le choix des prescriptions sociales pour les aînés
Authors: Mansell Beth , Summach Anne , Molen Samantha , O’Rourke Tammy
Published: September 2024

L’âge de la population canadienne augmente, ce qui nécessite l’utilisation de méthodes et d’outils innovants pour évaluer les besoins des aînés et cerner les pratiques efficaces en matière de prescription sociale et de soins de santé. En Alberta, un organisme communautaire de services aux aînés a entrepris d’élaborer et de tester l’indice des ressources pour un vieillissement en bonne santé (Healthy Aging Asset Index, HAAI), un outil d’évaluation et un guide de prescription sociale utilisable par divers de professionnels au sein de la collectivité. L’outil a été élaboré pour l’évaluation du degré de complexité médicale des cas et pour la pratique du travail social. Il respecte les déterminants du vieillissement en bonne santé du Cadre du vieillissement en bonne santé (Healthy Aging Framework) de l’Alberta, lui-même fondé sur les déterminants du vieillissement en bonne santé de l’Organisation mondiale de la santé. Les résultats du projet pilote montrent que les aînés ont présenté une amélioration de leurs capacités fonctionnelles en lien avec ces déterminants au fil du temps grâce au soutien qu’ils ont obtenu pour surmonter leurs vulnérabilités. L’adoption d’outils comme le HAAI peut favoriser la cohésion des services de soutien offerts aux aînés dans l’ensemble du continuum de soins et pourrait réduire la pression exercée sur le système de santé en permettant d’offrir certains soins au sein de la collectivité, améliorant ainsi la capacité des systèmes de santé et du gouvernement à répondre aux besoins des aînés du Canada.
Effect of Piston Geometry on Performance Characteristics of VCR Engine with and without EGR when Fueled with Blends of Methyl Ester
Authors:   Sardar Patel College of Engineering Mumbai 58 Maharashtra, INDIA, V. Baste Shrikant
Published: September 2024

The growing population and exhaustion of fossil fuels necessitate our search for new sources of energy. The study for this research encompasses an amalgamation of interest in alternative fuels, advanced engine technology such as variable compression ratio VCR, engine component modification, and a methodical approach to testing for assessing the effects on key performance of the engine. A 3.5 kW compression ignition (CI) engine was fueled with blends of behada, chicken fat, and turmeric oil methyl ester. Engine operating parameters, such as the compression ratio (CR), rate of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), and piston top geometry, are optimized to maximize engine performance. CI engine was modified by changing the piston head (square and tangential groove top) for methyl ester diesel blend operations. In the study, diesel fuel is designated as B00 and methyl ester as B20. The influence of compression ratio (CR16 and CR18) with exhaust gas re-circulation (EGR 0% and EGR 10%) was evaluated. The key performance indicators: brake thermal efficiency (BTE), brake-specific energy consumption (BSEC), brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC), air-to-fuel ratio (AFR), and exhaust gas temperature (EGT) are investigated. Results indicate that an increase in BTE accompanies an increase in load, suggesting enhanced thermal efficiency with increased power output. The consequence of VCR is also investigated, and it is determined that a higher CR results in a higher BTE due to an increase in compression pressure and temperature, thereby enhancing combustion. Due to the re-combustion of unburned hydrocarbons with the addition of EGR at a 10% rate, BTE increases further. Utilizing a piston geometry with tangential grooves and methyl ester blends also contributes to increased BTE. BSEC increases with increasing load, with an important rise observed when operating at maximum capacity. However,at CR 18, BSEC decreases as a result of enhanced combustion efficiency. EGR has different effects on BSEC depending on the geometry of the piston and the kind of fuel used. Enhanced air-fuel blending and re-combustion of unburned hydrocarbons reduce the BSEC of the engine. The tangential groove top piston operates with 10% EGR. Similar to BSEC, BSFC decreases with increasing CR and improves with the use of a piston with a tangential groove and 10% EGR operation. AFR decreases as the consumption of fuel increases to meet the power demand, and higher CR values result in a lower AFR. EGT rises with load, and CR18 has a lower EGT than CR16 as a result of a higher compressing temperature and pressure. 10% EGR operation reduces EGT by decreasing the concentration of oxygen in the combustible area.
Effect of Temperature on Zirconia Powder Synthesized from Amang Zirconium Oxychloride Precursor
Authors:   School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, MALAYSIA, Subuki Istikamah
Published: September 2024

Silica (SiO2) is widely used in numerous applications, including ceramic membranes, and can be extracted from rice husks, which is an agricultural waste containing high amounts of silica. In fact, it is essential to reduce the vast amounts of discarded rice husks as open burning of the rice husk can have detrimental effects on the environment due to the release of hazardous pollutants. For the rice husk to be used, a suitable sintering temperature should be obtained to ensure the membrane synthesized has the desired porous structure. A high sintering temperature can affect the melting condition of the membrane’s porous structure. While a low sintering temperature may not give the required porosity. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effect of sintering temperature on the pore size of the membrane fabricated from kaolin, polyvinyl alcohol, and rice husk ash. The rice husk was initially treated with hydrochloric acid (HCl) and heated at 900 ℃ to produce rice husk ash. The membranes fabricated were then sintered at 1000 ℃ to 1400 ℃. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) results show that 71.36% of silica was successfully extracted from the rice husk. According to the XRD results, only two membranes sintered at 1300 °C and 1400 °C have crystallinity forms. Because the ceramic membrane contains a crystalline phase, it was determined that 1300 °C is an appropriate temperature for sintering. It also has a low absorption percentage (88.89%) and the desired porosity (69.93%).
Position-Based ANN Impedance Control for A Three-Fingered Robot Hand
Authors:   School of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, MALAYSIA, Shauri R.L.A.
Published: September 2024

A feedforward ANN was previously developed for recognition of two objects i.e. a spongy ball and a plastic bottle but was verified through simulation only. In this work, the feasibility of the ANN model is tested by applying it to the robot’s impedance control which takes the exerted force at the finger as input while resulting in an output for the selection rule of the impedance stiffness parameter, named 𝐾𝑑. From the results, the different object textures can be distinguished by the ANN where the absolute peak values of measured rate force during contact with the ball reached 0.15 N and a slightly higher value of 0.32 N for the bottle. 𝐾𝑑 values were found to switch between 1000 and 250 based on the ANN outputs for the ball and bottle, respectively, thus affecting the dynamics of the fingertip through modified position reference of the fingertip. However, it is also observed that the object was incorrectly classified in some moments when the exerted force was not sufficient due to the weak grasp of the object. This shows that the nonlinear factor from the hardware defects needs to be considered when refining the 𝐾𝑑 selection rule in future studies.
Optimization of Composite Wing Structure with Static, Buckling, and Flutter Constraints using the Finite Element Method
Authors:   Faculty of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering ITB, INDONESIA, Kusni Muhammad
Published: September 2024

In airplane structural design, creating a strong yet lightweight structure is crucial. During the preliminary design phase, structural sizing optimization is necessary to achieve an efficient and lightweight structure that meets safety standards. Composite materials offer a high strength-to-weight ratio, enabling a lighter structure without compromising strength. This work focuses on optimizing composite structure wings by considering laminae thicknesses as design variables and minimizing structure weight as the objective, using the gradient-based method. The optimization constraints include the Tsai-Hill criterion, buckling factor, and flutter speed to ensure the structure's safety against static load, buckling phenomena, and flutter phenomena. The optimization results indicate that the buckling factor is the most critical constraint, carrying the highest weight. The weight of the wing structure decreased by 53% and 79% after optimizing with static and flutter constraints, respectively. Despite minimal changes in weight after optimizing with the buckling constraint, the structure now meets the buckling safety criteria and is safe from buckling.
Mechanical Properties and Microstructure Analysis of Mild Steel Welding Made by GTAW
Authors:   College of Mechanical Engineering Technology, Benghazi, LIBYA, Saleh Elfallah Saleh Suliman
Published: September 2024

This work discusses the effect of gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) variables on the welding transverse tensile strength and hardness of S 235JR at different groove configurations. The welding microstructure and numerical fracture mechanism are also discussed. GTAW is increasingly emerging in the local industry due to its advantages over conventional shielded metal arc welding (SMAW). The properties of steel welding have always concerned manufacturers and researchers. Since steel structures experience forces such as tensile, it’s vital that good welding has increased tensile strength. It was reported that the hardness of welding affects the welding properties and, therefore, the integration of welded structures. The groove shape of the joining ends determines the size of the FZ and affects the dilution; thus, it is important to study the groove shape due to its effect on the final properties of welding. The results showed an increased welding traverse tensile strength (251 MPa) at higher welding speeds (150 mm/min) and V-shaped groove welding. The V-shaped groove welding that obtained higher tensile strength (251 MPa) has shown higher grain boundary ferrite and PF volume friction in the FZ and finer PF in the HAZ due to its higher interpass heat input. Higher traverse tensile strength welding has shown increased bainite and lower bainite volume friction in FZ and a finer grain structure in HAZ. The failure due to tensile force starts at the welding root, according to numerical analysis, and a double V-shaped groove has shown deformation balance at the tensile test.
Aplikasi Pupuk S Elemen pada Budidaya Tiga Varietas Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L.)
Authors: Manurung Erpina Delina , Hanum Hamidah , Sinuraya Mariati
Published: September 2024

Teknologi varietas dan pemupukan sulfur telah banyak diterapkan untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan, produksi dan kualitas bawang merah. Secara global, defisiensi sulfur telah dilaporkan terjadi pada lahan-lahan subur pertanian sedangkan tanaman bawang merah membutuhkan sulfur dalam jumlah relatif banyak untuk mendukung pertumbuhannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemupukan sulfur terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi, dan kualitas bawang merah serta perubahan karakteristik tanah. Penelitian dilakukan di UPTD Balai Benih Induk Palawija, Tanjung Slamat, Kabupaten Deli Serdang dari September hingga Desember 2022. Penelitian disusun dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial dengan dua faktor meliputi varietas bawang merah (V) dan dosis S elemen (S). Varietas terdiri dari Kramat 1 (V1), Maja Cipanas (V2) dan Batu Ijo (V3), sedangkan dosis S elemen terbagi atas empat taraf yaitu 0 (S0), 35 (S1),70 (S2), dan 100 (S3) kg/ha. Berdasarkan taraf setiap faktor, terdapat dua belas perlakuan interaksi yang diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa varietas berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah daun, jumlah anakan, berat brangkasan, ruang warna L* dan a* kulit, kandungan antosianin dan serapan S umbi. Jumlah daun dan anakan varietas Batu Ijo paling sedikit tetapi mampu menghasilkan berat brangkasan tertinggi dan berat basah umbi yang tidak berbeda nyata dengan dua varietas lainnya. Dosis sulfur tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap seluruh parameter sedangkan interaksi varietas dan dosis sulfur berpengaruh nyata terhadap serapan S umbi. Serapan S umbi tertinggi sebesar 5,98 mg/tanaman dihasilkan pada perlakuan varietas Batu Ijo dengan dosis S elemen 100 kg/ha. Ketidakefektifan S elemen yang diaplikasikan diduga berkaitan dengan bentuknya yang tidak dapat langsung diserap oleh tanaman dan sangat rendahnya C-organik tanah yang tidak mendukung berjalannya proses oksidasinya.
Keefektifan Ekstrak Metanol Daun dan Biji Kemangi (Ocimum basilicum Sims) dalam Mengendalikan Hama Kutukebul (Bemisia tabaci Genn) pada Tanaman Tomat
Authors: Sudarjat Sudarjat , Zahra Maghfira Az , Djaya Luciana
Published: September 2024

Kutukebul (Bemisia tabaci Genn)0merupakan salah satu0hama yang mengganggu produksi tanaman tomat. Saat ini sudah banyak tumbuhan yang0dapat dijadikan ekstrak pestisida nabati untuk mengendalikan serangga hama di antaranya adalah0tanaman kemangi (Ocimum basillicum Sims). Tanaman kemangi mengandung senyawa saponin, eugenol, tannin, dan flavonoid terutama pada bagian daun dan bijinya. Percobaan ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan0konsentrasi ekstrak0metanol daun dan biji kemangi yang tepat dalam menekan0populasi B. tabaci pada tanaman tomat. Percobaan0ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Pestisida dan Toksikologi Lingkungan dan rumah kaca0Ciparanje Fakultas Pertanian Universitas0Padjadjaran pada bulan Maret hingga Agustus 2023. Penelitian ini0menggunakan metode percobaan0Rancangan Acak0Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri atas sembilan perlakuan ekstrak metanol dan0tiga kali ulangan, yakni P1 (kontrol), P2 (3,8 g/l daun kemangi), P3 (8,3 g/l daun kemangi), P4 (16,7 g/l daun kemangi), P5 (25,1 g/l daun kemangi), P6 (4,1 g/l biji kemangi), P7 (9,1 g/l biji kemangi), P8 (18,3 g/l biji kemangi), dan P9 (27,4 g/l biji kemangi). Berdasarkan hasil pengujian toksisitas didapatkan nilai LC₅₀ dan LC₉₅ ekstrak metanol daun kemangi secara berurutan sebesar 3,8 g/l dan 8,3 g/l, sedangkan LC₅₀ dan LC₉₅ ekstrak metanol biji kemangi secara berurutan sebesar 4,1 g/l dan 9,1 g/l. Hasil0penelitian menujukkan ekstrak1metanol daun dan biji kemangi masing-masing pada konsentrasi terendah yaitu 3,8 g/l ekstrak methanol daun kemangi dan 4,1 g/l ekstrak methanol biji kemangi mampu menekan kepadatan populasi B. tabaci pada tanaman tomat.  Aplikasi025,1 g/l ekstrak metanol daun kemangi dan 27,4 g/l ekstrak metanol biji kemangi merupakan perlakuan yang paling tinggi penekanannya dalam mengendalikan B.tabaci.
Kajian Sifat Fisika Tanah pada Beberapa Umur Tanaman Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Rakyat di Nagari Ladang Panjang Kabupaten Pasaman, Sumatera Barat
Authors: Ulfa Nadilla , Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita , Rasyidin Azwar
Published: September 2024

Kondisi fisik suatu lahan merupakan faktor penting dalam budidaya tanaman. Di sisi lain pertumbuhan tanaman dapat mempengaruhi sifat fisik tanah karena perbedaan jenis dan umur tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sifat fisik tanah pada perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat pada berbagai umur tanaman. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2022 sampai dengan Mei 2023 di Nagari Ladang Panjang Kabupaten Pasaman dan di Laboratorium Departemen Ilmu Tanah dan Sumber Daya Lahan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Andalas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei, pengambilan sampel tanah dilakukan secara purposive sampling berdasarkan kelompok umur (10, 15, 20 dan 25 tahun) tanaman kelapa sawit. Parameter yang dianalisis adalah tekstur tanah, berat volume tanah, total ruang pori, permeabilitas, stabilitas agregat tanah, dan bahan organik tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tekstur tanah di daerah penelitian didominasi oleh tanah liat. Kandungan bahan organik tanah meningkat dari sangat rendah menjadi sedang, kestabilan agregat dari tidak stabil menjadi stabil, permeabilitas dari cukup rendah menjadi cukup cepat seiring dengan bertambahnya umur tanaman. Nilai berat volume tanah dan total ruang pori tanah tergolong sedang untuk semua umur tanaman. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa bertambahnya umur tanaman kelapa sawit dapat memperbaiki sifat fisik tanah.
Pertumbuhan Tanaman Padi pada Dua Periode Tanam di Tanah Sulfat Masam dengan Perlakuan Biochar Sekam Padi dan Beberapa Amandemen Organik
Authors: Masulili Agusalim , Irianti Agnes Tutik Purwani , Abdurrahman Tatang , Suci Urai
Published: September 2024

Pengembangan tanaman padi di tanah sulfat masam membutuhkan perlakuan yang dapat memperbaiki sifat tanah untuk jangka panjang. Hal ini akan berdampak terhadap peningkatan pertumbuhan tanaman padi secara berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek biochar sekam padi dan beberapa amandemen organik terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman padi pada dua periode tanam di tanah sulfat masam. Penelitian dilaksanakan di rumah kaca Fakultas Pertanian, Sains dan Teknologi Universitas Panca Bhakti, Pontianak yang dilakukan dalam dua kali periode tanam yaitu periode tanam kesatu pada bulan Februari-Mei 2022 dan periode tanam kedua pada bulan Mei-Agustus 2023. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 9 perlakuan yaitu kontrol, Chromolaena odorata (10 ton/ha), jerami (10 ton/ha), biochar sekam padi (10 ton/ha), abu sekam padi (10 ton/ha), C. odorata (10 ton/ha) + biochar sekam padi (5 ton/ha), jerami (10 ton/ha) + biochar sekam padi (5 ton/ha), C. odorata (10 ton/ha) + abu sekam padi (5 ton/ha), jerami (10 ton/ha) + abu sekam padi (5 ton/ha) yang diulang 3 kali. Pelaksanaan penelitian dua kali periode tanam ini dilakukan pada unit polibag yang sama. Pengamatan penelitian terdiri dari beberapa variabel pertumbuhan tanaman padi pada kedua periode tanam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan C. odorata (10 ton/ha) + biochar sekam padi (5 ton/ha) memberikan efek jangka panjang atau efek residu terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman padi pada periode tanam kedua. Dengan demikian, penggunaan biochar sekam padi secara tunggal maupun yang dicampur dengan amandemen organik dapat direkomendasikan untuk mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman padi berkelanjutan di tanah sulfat masam.
Corporate governance and capital market risk: New evidence from firm-specific measures among Chinese listed companies
Authors: Li Ziyu , Wang Zhan , Gao Xiang
Published: September 2024

This paper empirically analyzes the relationship between corporate governance and capital market risk using A-share listed companies in China’s Shanghai and Shenzhen markets from 2008 to 2022 as a research sample. The study finds that corporate governance decreases capital market risk using new risk measurement at the firm level. Further analysis shows that such an effect is more pronounced in the sample of private companies, companies with a higher degree of indebtedness, and companies with a lower concentration of power. This paper’s findings help us better understand corporate governance’s role in stock risk and provide theoretical support and empirical evidence to improve the stability of the financial market in emerging markets.
Evaluating Arab generation Z’s acceptance of biometric attendance control technology in educational systems
Authors: Al-Shamsi Ibrahim Rashid
Published: September 2024

There is insufficient consideration of Generation Z’s cultural and generational needs in the implementation of biometric attendance systems in Arabic educational settings. This study delves into Generation Z’s discipline, exploring their perspectives on attendance systems and aligning commitment with their interests. The primary aim is to gauge biometric systems’ impact on productivity. Google Form questionnaires collected data from young employees, ages 25 to 35, who belong to Generation Z’s working in the higher education system. Structural equation modeling and descriptive analysis assessed the data. While biometric systems enhance discipline, they may dampen morale. Implementing systems fairly and maintaining flexibility is vital. The study underscores the importance of evaluating employees based on achievements. It sheds light on biometric systems’ role in attendance management and organizational performance, aiding HR practices. The results showed no significant effect of Employee Management Practices (EMP) on organization performance through Biometric Attendance Technology (BAT) (B = 0.049, t = 1.330, p = 0.184). Nor significant effects of Organizational Performance Metrics (OPM) (B = 0.019, t = 0.608, p = 0.543). Technological Infrastructure (TI) (B = 0.019, t = 0.2461, p = 0.645), or Satisfaction and Engagement (ESE) (B = 0.057, t = 1.381, p = 0.167) on organization performance through Biometric Attendance Technology. The mediator impact was also found to be not significant (P > 0.05). Therefore, both direct and specific indirect effects were not significant. Indicating that Biometric Attendance Technology does not mediate the relationship between these variables and organizational performance.
The links between sustainability dimensions and green campus initiatives in mountain universities
Authors: Geok Tan Kim , Shah Attaullah , Goh Gerald Guan Gan , Zeb Ali
Published: September 2024

Sustainability and green campus initiatives are widely examined in developed countries but less attention has been paid in developing countries such as Pakistan. Therefore, this study intends to examine the links between sustainability dimensions and green campus initiatives by mediating role of teachers and students’ involvement. Green campus or sustainable campus or environment friendly campus is based on the principles of environmental sustainability, incorporating social, and economic and environmental dimensions. Questionnaire for assessment of sustainability was adopted and 529 responses were received from the faculty, management and servicing staff of the seven Mountain Universities of the Gilgit Baltistan and Azad Jammu and Kashmir in Northern Pakistan. Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PL-SEM) was used to analyse the data. The results indicated that energy conservation, water conservation, green transport, sustainable waste management have enhanced campus green initiatives. Teachers and students’ involvement partially mediate the relationship between green transport strategies, sustainable waste management and green campuses initiatives. While on another hand, teachers and students’ involvement have not mediated the links between energy conservation, water conservation and green campus initiatives. The study contributes to theory building in the area of green and environment friendly campus initiatives by enriching the understanding of the processes carrying the effect of sustainability dimensions and both teachers and students’ involvement.
Aproximación a una hermenéutica de las artes visuales 'in itinere' desde la Filosofía del límite
Authors: Pagola Martínez Herminia
Published: September 2024

Partiendo de las consignas de la hermenéutica contemporánea, este texto pretende desentrañar algunas claves para una hermenéutica de las artes visuales in itinere. Para ello se introduce en las nociones de método (Eugenio Trías), pauta inmanente de acción (Upanishads), disposición afectiva, círculo estético-hermenéutico y espiral estético-hermenéutica. Se desprenden dos hipótesis: el cuestionamiento sobre en qué medida la pauta paradigmática y ejemplar que rige en un arte visual in itinere es proporcional al despliegue de la pauta inmanente de acción del artista ejecutor; y la defensa de que el mérito estético en estas artes pasa por que en su dinámica se lleve a cumplido término la espiral estético-hermenéutica
Nietzsche’s Plato, between symbol and caricature.
Authors: Ghedini Francesco
Published: September 2024

Nietzsche repeatedly deals with Plato’s manifold and ambiguous personality, his writings, the history of the impact of his thought. Since the Basel lectures, Plato the symbol is used according to a threefold register: monumental, antiquarian, critical. The controversy with Platonism is constant; however, the challenged image of moralist Plato is defined as a “caricature” which is similar to Augustine’s and Schopenhauer’s readings, defined as belittling and redundant in some passages. Interpretations not influenced by metaphysical-moral dualism are considered, with the emergence, beyond the uninterrupted fight “with” Plato, of a more sporadic but intriguing fight “on” Plato.
The presence of Plato and the spectrum of Schopenhauer in Nietzsche’s lectures, On the Future of Our Educational Institutions
Authors: Quérini Nicolas
Published: September 2024

Nos hemos propuesto aquí resaltar dos referencias que  subyacen al argumento de Nietzsche en su conferencia Sobre el futuro de nuestras instituciones educativas. El filósofocomparte con Platón y Schopenhauer una aristocracia natural del espíritu, es decir, la idea de que la naturaleza es tacaña en la producción de genios. En estas condiciones, es comprensibleque se sienta «asustado» por la «democratización» de la universidad que está presenciando. Mostramos, sin embargo, que enfrenta a Platón con Schopenhauer, pero no sigue al filósofo griego hasta el final. En primer lugar, Nietzsche destaca que lejos de creer que la universidad y la cultura deben estar al servicio del Estado, es el Estado el que debe estar al servicio de la Bildung, y es lo que surgiría del modelo platónico.  Sostenemos que hay una especie de vacilación por parte de  Nietzsche, que se pregunta si la institución todavía puede crear Bildung o si no es fuera donde debería buscarse y construirse, en cuyo caso estamos más cerca de Schopenhauer.
Un análisis genealógico del Timeo de Platón y sus repercusiones en la cultura occidental: la cosmología platónica como antesala de la cosmovisión cristiana
Authors: Neto João
Published: September 2024

No son pocas las ocasiones en las que Nietzsche sostiene la tesis de que el pensamiento platónico actuó como un agente difusor de la decadencia en el proceso de formación de la civilización occidental. De hecho, el filósofo entiende que habría una especie de relación de "parentesco" entre el platonismo y el cristianismo. Sin embargo, ¿dónde estaría ubicada esta afinidad "parental" entre las dos tradiciones? Y ¿de qué manera se caracterizaría precisamente esta línea de continuidad? Este artículo tiene como objetivo responder a estas preguntas mediante un examen genealógico en el Timeo, diálogo en el cual Platón presenta un mito cosmogónico que marcaría profundamente la cosmovisión occidental.
Formación permanente del profesorado en competencia digital: una revisión de la literatura
Authors: Dos Santos Perin Eloni , Savione Machado Nathalia , Duarte Freitas Maria do Carmo
Published: September 2024

La introducción de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación en el entorno educativo se considera un factor crucial para el desarrollo de la competencia digital de los docentes. Esto sugiere la importancia de actualizar continuamente la Competencia Digital Docente (CDD) para adaptarse a los cambios en las prácticas educativas impulsadas por la tecnología. El objetivo del artículo es sistematizar la formación en competencia digital de los docentes utilizando la bibliometría y la metodología con el Methodi Ordinatio. Los artículos relevantes se buscaron en las bases de datos Web of Science y Scopus. Se encontraron 1.327 resultados y, tras excluir los artículos, quedaron 317 para su análisis. Los resultados del meta-análisis se visualizaron en Vosviewer, resumiendo las revistas, los autores y los términos relevantes. Se concluyó que el concepto de competencia digital docente involucra áreas más amplias que el conocimiento instrumental de la tecnología, pero incluye el conocimiento de aspectos pedagógicos, de información, comunicación en red, predisposición al autodesarrollo y aspectos socioculturales que involucran el uso de la tecnología digital y; sobre todo, exige una formación docente crítica para el uso consciente de la tecnología.
Nadie es normal
Authors: Gómez Mayorga Cristóbal
Published: September 2024

Contra una institución educativa homogeneizadora, proponemos una escuela que acepte la diversidad. Para ello debemos diagnosticar los desvaríos de muchos centros educativos, en vez de etiquetar la normal diversidad de las personas.
Miradas a la participación y al género en las aulas universitarias. Una guía para docentes
Authors: Santiesteban Andra
Published: September 2024

La guía para docentes aborda las dinámicas de participación en aulas universitarias desde una perspectiva de género y diversidades, respondiendo a la transformación social feminista e inclusiva impulsada en los últimos años. Sus autoras y autores destacan la conciencia creciente sobre disparidades y la importancia de contrarrestar sesgos en la cultura de participación en las aulas universitarias. Sobre todo, subrayan el papel crucial de los docentes en la formación del estudiantado, proponiendo una pedagogía crítica y reflexiva como alternativa a prácticas generadoras de desigualdad en la universidad. La obra, resultado de un proyecto de investigación interfacultativo e interdisciplinario, ofrece un análisis teórico y empírico, así como estrategias metodológicas y recursos didácticos para fomentar una participación activa y equitativa. Destacando como pionero en España, el libro contribuye a la igualdad de género y la inclusión plena de todas/os las/os ciudadanas/os en espacios educativos y sociales.