bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficiency of Near-Infrared Technology in the Clinical Detection of Carious Lesions: A Systematic Review
Authors: Elsawaf Ahmed Essam , Deri Abdulsalam Youssef Al , Armanious Patrick Samih , Khasawneh Abdallah Mahmoud , AlKhaja Ahmed Mahmood , Yasin Ahmad Ribhi , Al-Rawi Natheer Hashim , Kawas Sausan Al , Shetty Shishir Ram
Published: March 2023

The field of dentistry has seen various technological advances regarding caries detection, some lesions still prove to be difficult to detect. A reasonably new detection method, near-infrared (NIR), has shown good results in caries detection. This systematic review aims to compare NIR with conventional methods in terms of caries detection. Online databases (PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, EBSCO, and ProQuest) were used for the literature search. The search was performed from January 2015 till December-2020. A total of 770 articles were selected, of that 17 articles qualified for the final analysis as per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The articles were assessed according to a modified Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist, and then synthesis of the review started. The inclusion criteria were clinical trials done in vivo on teeth with active caries of vital or nonvital teeth. This review excluded nonpeer reviewed articles, case reports, case series, opinions, abstracts, non-English written articles, studies of subjects with arrested caries, or teeth with developmental defects of tooth structure and teeth having environmental defects of tooth structure, as well as in-vitro studies. The review compared near-infrared technology with radiography, visual inspection, and laser fluorescence in terms of caries detection, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. The sensitivity of NIR ranged from 99.1 to 29.1%. Studies showed that NIR exhibited higher sensitivity for occlusal enamel and dentin caries. The specificity of NIR ranged from 94.1 to 20.0%. In enamel and dentinal occlusal caries, NIR demonstrated lower specificity than that of radiograph. The specificity of NIR in early proximal caries was low. Accuracy was determined in 5 out of 17 studies where the values ranged from 97.1 to 29.1%. The accuracy of NIR was the highest for dentinal occlusal caries. NIR shows promising evidence as an adjunct in caries examination due to its high sensitivity and specificity; however, more studies are required to determine its full potential in different situations.
A Curious Case of Multiple Intracardiac Masses: Antiphospholipid Syndrome Manifesting as Multiple Intracardiac Thrombi
Authors: Mondy Vimal Chacko , Valakkada Jineesh , Ayappan Anoop
Published: March 2023

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a multisystem autoimmune disease characterized by acquired hypercoagulability, recurrent pregnancy loss, and elevated levels of antiphospholipid antibodies. The common cardiovascular manifestations include valvulopathy, coronary artery disease (CAD), myocardial dysfunction, cardiac thrombi, pulmonary thromboembolism, and pulmonary hypertension. Herein we present a case who presented with stroke with incidentally detected multiple cardiac lesions on echocardiography suspicious for mass. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) was able to accurately characterize these lesions as cardiac thrombi, which were subsequently confirmed by endomyocardial biopsy. In this article, the case we discussed, highlights the importance of CMR in accurately characterizing the suspected mass lesion in echocardiography, thus arriving at an accurate diagnosis that changed patient management altogether.
Impact of Structured Reporting of Skeletal Survey in Skeletal Dysplasia: A Single Institution Experience
Authors: Gupta Amit , Gupta Neerja , Kabra Madhulika , Kaur Tejinder , Gabra Pavan , Khan Maroof A. , Jana Manisha
Published: March 2023

Background Structured reporting has the advantages of reducing ambiguity in written radiology reports with greater uniformity and comparability of reports amongst different institutes. It has multiple facets: structured format, structured content, and standardized language. While structured reporting initiative has been used in various radiology subspecialties such as oncology, cardiothoracic, abdominal and interventional radiology; skeletal dysplasia is a domain that remains largely untouched by this concept.

Purpose To evaluate the impact of structured reporting in skeletal dysplasia.

Methods and Materials This was an ethically approved pragmatic clinical trial. A defined number (75) of clinically diagnosed and/or genetically confirmed skeletal dysplasia radiographs were evaluated by two radiologists (reader A and reader B) with 5-and 7-years' experience in general radiology, respectively. A pre-defined structured reporting format for skeletal dysplasia was used as an interventional tool. Both the readers interpreted the radiographs before and after the training session. In addition to diagnosis, diagnostic confidence was noted using a semiquantitative scale. Improvement in diagnostic accuracy and diagnostic confidence after training were assessed. McNemar's test was used to assess the statistical significance of difference in proportion of correct diagnoses in pre- and post-education phases. An interrater reliability analysis using the Kappa statistic was performed to determine interobserver agreement between readers both in pre- and post-education phases.

Results In the post-education phase, the proportion of accurate diagnosis improved from 48% (36/75) to 64% (48/75) for reader A, and from 44% (33/75) to 60% (45/75) for reader B as compared with the pre-education phase. Amongst the cases with a correct radiologic diagnosis, an increase in diagnostic confidence was noted in 18 cases for reader A, and 15 cases for reader B. In none of the cases, there was a reduction in diagnostic confidence after training. A McNemar's test determined that there was a statistically significant difference in the proportion of correct diagnoses in pre- and post-education phases, p < 0.001. The interobserver agreement between the readers was found to increase from Kappa = 0.33 (p = 0.004) using non-structured reporting in pre-education phase to Kappa = 0.46 (p < 0.001) using structured reporting in the post-education phase.

Conclusion A structured reporting of skeletal survey can improve accuracy and confidence in diagnosing skeletal dysplasia.
Percutaneous Image-Guided Cryoablation of Metastatic Colorectal Adenocarcinoma to the Abdominal Wall
Authors: Drogin Jillian , Abdelbaki Ahmed , Lendermon Justin , Pereira Keith , Mendez-Castillo Alejandro
Published: March 2023

Abdominal wall metastases are rarely seen in primary colorectal cancer; the majority of cases are attributed to seeding from previous procedures. We report a case of percutaneous cryoablation of metastatic colorectal cancer to the abdominal wall with no evidence of recurrence 1 year later.
Understanding family takaful purchase behaviour: the roles of religious obligation and gender
Authors: Maduku Daniel K. , Mbeya Steven
Published: March 2023

Takaful is an important and major segment of the finance industry that is poised for growth. Understanding the factors that influence Muslim consumers’ purchasing behaviour is crucial to accelerate the growth in the family takaful market segment. However, research has yet to adequately address the drivers of family takaful purchase behaviour. By integrating religious obligation into the theory of planned behaviour, this study proposed and tested a model of the factors underlying family takaful purchasing behaviour, and further examined the moderating impact of gender. The findings show that Muslim consumers’ intentions to purchase family takaful are influenced by attitude and subjective norm, and purchasing behaviour is influenced by intention and perceived behavioural control. Although religious obligation affects attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioural control, its influence on family takaful purchasing intention and purchasing behaviour is not supported. These findings differ across male and female groups, emphasising the centrality of gender as a moderator and a boundary condition in the relationships posited in the model. The findings have various theoretical and managerial implications which are highlighted.
Appropriating the civil sphere: the construction of German collective identity by right-wing populist actors during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Zavershinskaia Polina
Published: March 2023

This paper considers the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on right-wing populists’ constructions of German collective identity. In their “Covid-19 crisis” narratives, German populists attempted to rearrange the discursive and institutional space of the German civil sphere through a symbolic inversion of the heroic signifier and legitimization of violence against perceived enemies. To analyze such discursive dynamics, this paper utilizes multilayered narrative analysis, drawing on the synthesis of civil sphere theory, the anthropological conceptualization of the relationship between mimetic crisis and symbolic substitution of violence and the sociological narrative theory of the sacralization and desacralization of heroism. This analysis structures the investigation of positive and negative symbolic constructions of German collective identity by German right-wing populist narratives. The analysis shows that although German right-wing populists are politically peripheral, their affective, antagonistic and anti-elite narratives contribute to the semantic erosion of the liberal democratic core of the German civil sphere. This in turn reduces the ability of democratic institutions to control violence and leads to the restriction of civil solidarity.
Constitutive modeling of human cornea through fractional calculus approach
Authors: Mandal Dibyendu , Chattopadhyay Himadri , Halder Kumaresh
Published: March 2023

In this work, the fractional calculus approach is considered for modeling the viscoelastic behavior of human cornea. It is observed that the degree of both elasticity and viscosity is easy to describe in terms of the fractional order parameters in such an approach. Modeling of the human cornea when subjected to simple stress up to the level of 250 MPa by fractional order Maxwell model along with the Fractional Kelvin Voigt Viscoelastic Model is reported. For the Maxwell governing fractional equation, two fractional parameters α and β have been considered to model the stress–strain relationship of the human cornea. The analytical solution of the fractional equation has been obtained for different values of α and β using Laplace transform methods. The effect of the fractional parameter values on the stress-deformation nature has been studied. A comparison between experimental values and calculated values for different fractional order of the Maxwell model equation defines the parameters which depict the real-time stress–strain relationship of the human cornea. It has been observed that the fractional model converges to the classical Maxwell model as a special case for α = β = 1.
Influence of operating parameters on the vortex structure in the main flow passage of the helico-axial multiphase pump
Authors: Tan Xiao , Shi Guangtai , Huang Zongliu , Wen Haigang , Li Wei , Chen Wenxiu
Published: March 2023

The flow is extremely complex within the main flow channel during the operation of the multiphase pump, resulting in constant changes in the vortex structure, disrupting the orderly flow of the existing flow field, and reducing the performance of the pump. Numerical calculations, supplemented by experimental verification, are used as the main method for investigating influencing factors that affect the vortex structure in the impeller passage of the pump, and vortex structure present on isosurfaces is selected based on Q criterion to study the evolution of vortex structures under different working conditions. Results indicate that the flow rate affects vortex structure generation on the suction side and trailing edge of the blade. With an increase in flow rate, the vortex becomes complete from fine broken structures. Speed has a greater influence on vortex structures in inlet and outlet areas: the higher the speed, the larger the vortex structure attached to the impeller leading edge. The vortex structure is separated from the blade surface at two-thirds of the impeller under gas–liquid two-phase working condition, with an increase in inlet gas void fraction, and the vortex structure expands to the center of impeller passage. Therefore, exploring evolutions of the vortex structure can provide a certain theoretical basis for improving the stability of multiphase pump internal flow.
Experimental investigations on central vortex core in swirl spray flames using high-speed laser diagnostics
Authors: Zhang Chi , Tao Chao , Song Heng , Han Xiao , Li Lei , Liu Xunchen , Qi Fei
Published: March 2023

Centrally staged swirl combustion can effectively reduce NOx emission. However, the complex combustion field is susceptible to producing large-scale coherent structures, such as precessing vortex core and central vortex core (CVC). This study mainly investigates the effect of CVC on the flow and flame in a centrally staged swirl spray combustor at elevated temperature and pressure using 10 kHz high-speed CH* chemiluminescence (CL), 20 kHz particle image velocimetry, and CH2O planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF). For the pilot flame, both CH* CL and CH2O PLIF flame are fork-shaped with three long parts, and the middle parts of flame dynamics indicate CVC structure. For the stratified flame, the CVC structure exists in an extended strip area of strong vorticity near the centerline of the combustor. The analysis of proper orthogonal decomposition modes shows that the motion of CVC is mainly swing, followed by precessing. Simultaneous diagnostics indicates that the entrainment of CVC leads to CH2O transport from the shear layer to the central region of the combustor. In general, the CH2O signal is mainly distributed in two positive velocity regions, the pilot/main jet and around CVC. Taking advantage of the CVC effect on radical transportation is a potential method to improve the mixing of the combustor, such as temperature distribution.
Cooperative action of separate interaction domains promotes high-affinity DNA binding of
Arabidopsis thaliana
ARF transcription factors
Authors: Fontana Mattia , Roosjen Mark , Crespo García Isidro , van den Berg Willy , Malfois Marc , Boer Roeland , Weijers Dolf , Hohlbein Johannes
Published: March 2023

The signaling molecule auxin coordinates many growth and development processes in plants, mainly through modulating gene expression. Transcriptional response is mediated by the family of auxin response factors (ARF). Monomers of this family recognize a DNA motif and can homodimerize through their DNA-binding domain (DBD), enabling cooperative binding to an inverted binding site. Most ARFs further contain a C-terminal PB1 domain that is capable of homotypic interactions and mediating interactions with Aux/IAA repressors. Given the dual role of the PB1 domain, and the ability of both DBD and PB1 domain to mediate dimerization, a key question is how these domains contribute to DNA-binding specificity and affinity. So far, ARF–ARF and ARF–DNA interactions have mostly been approached using qualitative methods that do not provide a quantitative and dynamic view on the binding equilibria. Here, we utilize a DNA binding assay based on single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) to study the affinity and kinetics of the interaction of several
Arabidopsis thaliana
ARFs with an IR7 auxin-responsive element (AuxRE). We show that both DBD and PB1 domains of AtARF2 contribute toward DNA binding, and we identify ARF dimer stability as a key parameter in defining binding affinity and kinetics across AtARFs. Lastly, we derived an analytical solution for a four-state cyclic model that explains both the kinetics and the affinity of the interaction between AtARF2 and IR7. Our work demonstrates that the affinity of ARFs toward composite DNA response elements is defined by dimerization equilibrium, identifying this as a key element in ARF-mediated transcriptional activity.
Comparison of different predictive models and their effectiveness in sunspot number prediction
Authors: Moustafa Sayed S R , Khodairy Sara S
Published: March 2023

Human activities and health are significantly influenced by solar activity. The sunspot number is one of the most commonly used measures of solar activity. The solar cycle’s quasi-periodic nature makes it an excellent choice for time series forecasting. Four models include three singular models, consisting of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), and Seasonal AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA), as well as a hybrid model were implemented to forecast maximum sunspot number of cycles 25 and 26. The hyperparameters of the singular models were optimized using Bayesian optimization. The LSTM-ARIMA hybrid model was able to achieve the best performance. The outstanding results of the LSTM-ARIMA model shows the potential of hybrid methods in improving the overall performance. Moreover, the LSTM model was able to outperform the ARIMA model, which demonstrates the ability of LSTM networks in learning from time-series data. The final model forecasts a peak sunspot number of 137.04 for Solar Cycle 25 in September 2024 and 164.3 for Solar Cycle 26 in December 2034, which is comparable to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) prediction of 134.4 in October 2024 and 161.2 in December 2034.
Cascaded two-stage optical regenerator based on four wave mixing in highly nonlinear fiber.
Authors: Rozali M A N , Dziauddin A H A , Yaakob S , Zamzuri A K
Published: March 2023

This work focuses on the effectiveness of using four-wave mixing (FWM) in restoring the corrupted signal as well as the factors that affect the quality of the data. The method was based on the two-stage FWM-based optical wavelength converter designed using a OptiSystem version 18.0. The signal regeneration for both stages has taken place in the highly nonlinear fiber (HNLF) having length of 1.0 km and 0.8 km respectively. The first stage is to convert and restore a signal carrying NRZ formatted data at 1552 nm into a new wavelength of 1548 nm. While the second stage is to transfer the data back into the original wavelength of 1552 nm. It has been found that the quality of the data (Q-factor) is affected by the power of modulated signal (1552 nm) as well as the power of unmodulated pump source (1550 nm). The maximum Q-factor of 29.6 at 6 dBm signal power and of 35.7 at 16 dBm pump power have been achieved here. The wavelength spacing between those two sources also affect the quality of regenerated signal. The optimum quality value is found to be above 25 when the spacing is 1 nm regardless of the signal and pump power values.
Glucose and sucrose analysis in daucus carota extract using optical tapered fibre sensor with GOU-AuNP composite layer synthesization
Authors: Daud Suzairi , Bakhtiar Hazri , Zaini Muhammad Ilham Ahmad , Noorden Ahmad Fakhrurrazi Ahmad , Aziz Muhammad Safwan Abd , Krishnan Ganesan , Kadir Muhammad Zamzuri Abdul
Published: March 2023

Tapered single-mode fibre (SMF) immobilized with glucose oxidase enzyme (GOD) and gold nanoparticles (AuNP) for the recognition of glucose and sucrose elements have been proposed. A tapered fibre was fabricated using a flame heating technique to improve the sensitivity of the fibre-based sensor. By taking advantage of amine groups in 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES), GOD and AuNP are functionalized onto the tapered region of SMF through covalent interaction. The developments of the immobilized tapered fibre sensor for the analysis of glucose and sucrose concentration in different concentrations of the solution and types of carrots extracts were discussed in this paper. The solution concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 g/ml of glucose and sucrose were used to analyze the sensitivity of the fibre sensor. The extracts of baby carrots, imported carrots, and organic carrots were used to determine the existence of glucose and sucrose in these carrots. We demonstrated the sensitivities of GOD-immobilized fibre for 0.00672, 0.00722, 0.00902, and 0.00921 a.u/nm in terms of their glucose solutions, baby carrots, imported carrots, and organic carrots, respectively. Meanwhile, the sensitivities of AuNP-immobilized fibre were found to be 0.000030, 0.000026, 0.000012, and 0.000024 a.u/nm, respectively.
Tapered optical fibers using CO2 laser and their sensing performances
Authors: Hidayat N , Aziz M S , Krishnan G , Johari A R , Nur H , Taufiq A , Mufti N , Mukti R R , Bakhtiar H
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we proposed a simple tapering process of optical fibers using controlled CO2 laser. This is a response to the call for the rapid development of affordable, efficient, and reliable optical sensors. A laser with power of 36 W was focused on a small section of three optical fibers having core/cladding diameters in micrometer of 10/125 (sensor A), 62.5/125 (sensor B), and 200/225 (sensor C). The sensors were tested on solutions having refractive indices of 1.3325 to 1.4266. Our investigation revealed that sensor C offered highest sensitivity. Therefore, further characterizations on its sensing characteristics were conducted. Over 6 times repetitive measurement, sensor C showed excellent repeatability with average sensitivity and detection limit of 4.5941(78) a.u./RIU and 3.97 × 10−4 RIU, respectively. The tapered large core fiber also had good reversibility. Furthermore, the stability test by applying sensor C to solutions with low, medium, and high refractive indices also showed that the sensor was relatively stable. Within 60 minutes measurement, we noticed increasing trends of normalized intensities. However, the intensity increment percentages were relatively small, i.e., 0.27%, 1.17%, and 1.75% respectively for refractive indices of 1.3325, 1.3921, and 1.4266. Thus, excellent tapered optical fiber sensor could be produced using CO2 laser.
Multimode interference self-imaging optical fiber sensor based on sol-gel silica for methane detection
Authors: Zain Muhamad Fairul Izwan bin Mat , Husein Nor Ain Binti
Published: March 2023

We reported a multimode interference (MMI) sensor based on single mode fiber-no core fiber-single mode fiber (SMF-NCF-SMF) structure incorporated with silica sol-gel nanostructure for detection of methane. Due to the core mismatch between SMF and NCF, a number of higher order modes was excited at the NCF region and recoupled back to the fundamental mode of SMF lead-out which resulted in multimode interference self-imaging. Deposition of silica sol-gel nanostructure formed the hybrid waveguide whose optical property changes according to the surrounding perturbation. The effect of silica coating upon its thickness was clearly demonstrated which can enhance the sensitivity of the sensor. As the concentration of methane varies, the effective refractive index of the waveguide also changes, hence introducing the resonant dip shifts in the transmission spectrum. The sensitivity achieved was 7.92 nm/% for 8-layers of coating, 5.47 nm/% 4-layers of coating, and 0.5 nm/% for uncoated sensor. In addition, the proposed sensor also exhibits good linear response within 0 - 0.175 % of methane concentration while the test of reproducibility confirmed the sensing stability of the sensor.
Photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B dye under visible light using cerium-cobalt co-doped bismuth ferrite nanoparticles
Authors: Jamaludin N , Razak N A A , Ismail F D , Chaudhary K T
Published: March 2023

The present study designates the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of RhB dye using cerium-cobalt co-doped BiFeO3 nanoparticles. Nanoparticles of Ce0.1CoxBi1-xFe2O3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2) have been facilely synthesized via sol-gel auto-combustion method. FESEM analysis revealed the irregular-shaped nanoparticles with agglomerated coalescence behaviour and the element composition in Ce0.1CoxBi1-xFe2O3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.2) was confirmed in EDX. The crystallite size can be calculated around 64 nm to 71 nm for pure BiFeO3 nanoparticles and in range of 41 nm to 60 nm for the co-doped BiFeO3 nanoparticles. XRD diffraction confirmed the presence of secondary phase (Sillenite) and tertiary phase (Millate) when dopant concentration increased. From TGA profile, the ideal annealing temperature of 600 °C have been confirmed for all samples. Furthermore, the photocatalytic degradation of RhB dye has been improved via cerium-cobalt co-doping. UV spectra showed that the RhB dye solution constantly changes pink colour into colourless within 20 minutes of visible light irradiation to fully degraded.
Dual-tapered Mach Zehnder Interferometer for Dual-wavelength Q-Switched YDFL using Molybdenum Diselenide
Authors: Salim Muhammad Aizi Mat , Ahmad Harith , Bakhtiar Hazri , Bidin Noriah , Jin Wong Yah
Published: March 2023

A dual-wavelength Q-switched YDFL by utilizing MoSe2 thin film was successfully achieved in cavity ring. The dual synchronous wavelength output spectrum centered at 1035.8nm to 1040.2nm was achieved with repetition rate of 15.3 kHz to 35.2 kHz. Moreover, the maximum pulse energy was 2.8nJ and minimum pulse width was 1.8µs. In this paper, MoSe2 thin film capabilities as saturable absorber in 1-micron region was successfully achieved. Thus pave a new insight of transition metal chalcogenides (TMD) based photonics device.
Effect of increasing etching time on the efficiency of porous silicon solar cells
Authors: Khalifa Manal J
Published: March 2023

In this work, p-type silicon wafers were electrochemically etched to create nanocrystalline silicon (porous silicon (PS)) films. Different etching periods (5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes) were investigated to see how they affected the development of a nanosized pore array with a constant etching current density (10 mA/cm2). To prevent oxidation, PS samples were stored in methanol after preparation. PS is characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). At varied etching times (5, 10, 15, and 20 min), the crystallite size as determined by XRD was equal to (66.39, 88.13, 31.2, and 21.21) nm, respectively. The nanometric size was verified via AFM. The porosity of PS increased as the etching time increased; the maximum value was obtained at a 20-minute etching time. The C-V characteristic of PS/Si heterojunction describes control factors like built-in potential (Vbi) and the kind of connection, a linear relationship of 1/C2 with bias voltage indicating that the junction is an abrupt type. Vbi was calculated for PS/p-Si/Al heterojunction at different etching times, and it was between (1.1-1.8) volt. I-V characteristics under illumination showed an enhancement in the efficiency of the PS/Si/Al solar cells. The maximum value of the solar cell efficiency was 6.79% occurs at 15 min time of etching.
Kaon physics overview
Authors: Aebischer Jason
Published: March 2023

The present status of Kaon physics is summarized from a theory point of view. Focus is laid on ΔS = 2, ΔS = 1 as well as on rare Kaon decays, where progress has been made for instance in the case of εK
and KS
→ μ
+
μ
− Furthermore, several New Physics scenarios are discussed in the context of rare Kaon decays and other Kaon observables.
Covariant flavour effects in semileptonic K and D decay
Authors: Košnik Nejc
Published: March 2023

We present constraints on the left-handed dimension-6 interactions that lead to semileptonic and leptonic decays of K, D mesons. We employ the flavour covariant description of the effective couplings, identify universal CP phases of New Physics and derive constraints from decay rates and CP-odd quantities. As a result, we can predict the maximal effects of such flavoured NP in D decays from stringent K decay constraints and vice-versa.
Kaonic atoms measurements with SIDDHARTA-2
Authors: Sgaramella F. , Bazzi M. , Bosnar D. , Bragadireanu M. , Cargnelli M. , Carminati M. , Clozza A. , Deda G. , Del Grande R. , De Paolis L. , Dulski K. , Fabbietti L. , Fiorini C. , Friščić I. , Guaraldo C. , Iliescu M. , Iwasaki M. , Khreptak A. , Manti S. , Marton J. , Miliucci M. , Moskal P. , Napolitano F. , Niedźwiecki S. , Ohnishi H. , Piscicchia K. , Sada Y. , Scordo A. , Shi H. , Silarski M. , Sirghi D. , Sirghi F. , Skurzok M. , Spallone A. , Toho K. , Tüchler M. , Yoshida C. , Zmeskal J. , Curceanu C.
Published: March 2023

The SIDDHARTA-2 collaboration is aiming to perform the challenging measurement of kaonic deuterium X-ray transitions to the ground state. This will allow to extract the isospin-dependent antikaon-nucleon scattering lengths, providing input to the theory of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) in the non-perturbative regime with strangeness. This work describes the SIDDHARTA-2 experimental apparatus and presents the results obtained during the commissioning phase realized with kaonic helium measurements. In particular, the first observation of the kaonic helium transitions to the 3s level (M-lines), reported in this work, represents a new source of information to study the kaonic helium cascade process and demonstrates the potential of the SIDDHARTA-2 apparatus, in the view of the ambitious kaonic deuterium measurement.
Can future observation of the living partner post-tag the past decayed state in entangled neutral K-mesons?
Authors: Domenico Antonio Di
Published: March 2023

Novel quantum phenomena have been recently discussed [1] in association to a peculiar time correlation between entangled neutral kaons produced at a ϕ-factory: the past state of the first decayed kaon, when it was still entangled before its decay, is post-tagged by the result and the time of the future observation on the other kan decay. This surprising “from future to past” effect is fully observable and leads to the unique experimental tag of the KS state, an unsolved problem since the discovery of CP violation. The first preliminary results obtained on the analysis of data collected by the KLOE experiment at the DAΦNE collider, and showing experimental evidence of this new effect are presented.
Light new particles at the kaon experiments
Authors: Tobioka Kohsaku
Published: March 2023

Feebly interacting light particles are an attractive addition to the SM because they appear in the broad context of new physics models that address significant issues of the standard model. Searches for the light particles using kaons benefit from their small total decay widths and the availability of enormous datasets. Recently, the comprehensive studies that connect experimental probes with theoretical models in Ref. [1]. In this presentation, we overview the reference and highlight a few examples.
Some Theoretical Aspects of Searches for Heavy Neutrino Emission in Kaon Decays
Authors: Shrock Robert
Published: March 2023

Searches for heavy neutrino emission in K
+ → e
+
νe
and K
+ → μ
+
νµ
decays have provided very powerful constraints on sterile neutrinos and their mixings. In this talk at Kaon-2022 we discuss theoretical aspects of these searches and remark on recent experimental progress.
KOTO II at J-PARC : toward measurement of the branching ratio of

KL→π0νν¯
Authors: Nanjo Hajime
Published: March 2023

The KOTO II experiment at J-PARC is a next-generation experiment that is under design aiming at the measurement of the branching ratio of the

K
L

→

π
0

ν

ν
¯

decay. The KOTO II experiment is planned in the extended Hadron Experimental Facility at J-PARC using the second production target. With the second production target, the KL
extraction angle of 5 degrees is chosen instead of 16 degrees in order to obtain a larger KL
flux and harder KL
momentum spectrum while keeping the same ratio of neutron and KL
fluxes. To realize the extraction angle, the KOTO II detector is behind the primary beam dump. The KOTO II detector has a longer decay volume and a larger calorimeter to achieve a larger decay probability and higher acceptance of the KL
decay. With the designed beam line and the detector, 40 signal events are expected for the branching ratio of 3×10−11 with 60 background events in the running period of 3 × 107 s, which corresponds to approximately 5-σ discovery of the decay.
Hadron shower background in KOTO 2019 - 2021 data
Authors: Kotera Katsushige
Published: March 2023

One of the keys for the

K
L

→

π
0

ν

ν
¯

search of KOTO experiment is to suppress the backgrounds caused by hadron showers in CsI calorimeter. We developed three methods to discriminate the hadron showers from gamma showers. The methods use 1) pulse shape of signals, 2) shower shape on the calorimeter, and 3) depth of the showers in the calorimeter. We report on the discrimination power of these methods. The performance of the third method remained the same even if the dark current of silicon photomultipliers increased by a factor of 85 due to irradiation.
Data Acquisition Upgrade at KOTO
Authors: Redeker Joseph
Published: March 2023

KOTO is building a new data acquisition system which is a pyramid style architecture, composed of all new homemade optical fiber centers modules with high-speed ports that gather and build the event from over 4000 channels. It will be able to handle up to 30,000 triggers per second with minimal loss in the near future, which is a factor of six more than current rates. This will allow KOTO to handle a higher intensity KL
beam, as well as open up the possibility of adding new physics triggers such as one for KL
→ π
0
e
+
e
−. Additionally, the new architecture simplifies our data handling and allows for greater flexibility in adding late level trigger conditions since the event building is done before the data is sent to the server. This system is robust, flexible and easily scalable in the future and provides a foundation for moving forward to KOTO II.
Research on Beam Allocation of Millimeter Wave Massive MIMO based on Matching Game
Authors: Huang Xuan , Liu Haoran , Liu Xuanhui , Wang Xiaoqi , Zhao Yifeng
Published: March 2023

As one of the most promising critical technologies for realizing 5G networks, mmWave communication technology has received more and more attention and research. At the same time, due to the integration and symbiosis of mmWave communication, massive MIMO, and ultra-dense network, recent organizations have also jointly proposed the rational introduction of these three technologies in mobile communication systems to improve spectrum efficiency and energy efficiency in 5G. This paper focuses on a single-cell multi-user mmWave massive MIMO system. To optimize the total data rate, we propose a beam allocation algorithm based on a one-to-one matching game under the condition that the number of RF chains is less than the number of users. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm obtains almost the same performance as the exhaustive method on the premise that the algorithm complexity is lower than the thorough method.
Performance Analysis of NOMA Transmission Systems Based on OTFS
Authors: Fan Yuxiang
Published: March 2023

Orthogonal time frequency space (OTFS) and non-orthogonal multiple-access (NOMA) are both wireless transmission technologies suitable for high-speed scenarios. This paper proposes a cross-domain transmission scheme combining OTFS and NOMA applicable to the Internet of vehicles. We establish a channel model of cross-domain transmission. Based on the downlink, we deduce the expression for the SINR of the transmitted signal. We simulate and analyze the spectrum efficiency and other performance from the perspective of the system level. At last, we make a comparison between the OTFS-based NOMA system and the OFDM-based NOMA system. Numerical results manifest that OTFS-NOMA has better performance in terms of outage spectrum efficiency.
Unmanned aerial vehicle power system performance test platform design
Authors: Guo Wenmin , Bawudong Yibulayin
Published: March 2023

To achieve high-frequency and high-precision measurement of the performance of the UAV power system, a set of devices that can realize tensile and torque decoupling tests were designed and built, and a design scheme for the UAV power test was given. On this basis, the design of the data acquisition system and signal conditioning system with the data acquisition board as the core and the development of LabVIEW test software were completed. Finally, the debugging test of each system verified the functions of tensile force, torque separation measurement, data acquisition, host computer display, preservation, etc. It realized the high-frequency and high-precision measurement of the performance of the UAV power system. . The test results showed that the output signal of the test bench was highly linear, and the repeatability was good.
Grid-connected inductor design of static var generator for photovoltaic system
Authors: Xu Weijun
Published: March 2023

With the access of high-proportion photovoltaic power stations and the development of high permeability power electronic power systems, the problem of distributed photovoltaic access voltage over-limit and power factor is becoming more and more prominent, and the static var generator (SVG) is an important equipment to solve this kind of problem. As a key component of the static var generator, the connecting inductor has the functions of storing energy, bidirectional feeding, adjusting the phase of the output current, and suppressing the high-order harmonic current. It not only affects the dynamic and static response of the device but also restricts the output power, power factor, and DC side voltage of the SVG. At present, the parameter selection of SVG connection inductance is from the perspective of harmonic characteristics and economy, and there is no actual theoretical calculation basis. From the perspective of SVG output capacity and modulation ratio, the upper limit of the value of the connection inductance is derived. Combined with the traditional lower limit of the inductance when the harmonic suppression condition is satisfied, a design method of SVG connection inductance is given. Finally, the simulation results show that the connection inductance value designed by this method is correct and reasonable.
Short-term Wind Speed Forecast Using ARIMA Based on EEMD Decomposition
Authors: Wang Jinhui , Wang Juanjuan
Published: March 2023

Wind speed prediction of the wind power plant has an important influence on the stability and safe operation of the power system. Because the wind speed series is intermittent and random, a combination model of EEMD-ARIMA is proposed to predict ultra-short-term wind speed. The advantage of the prediction model mentioned in this paper is to deal with the problem of large prediction errors caused by the instability of the original wind speed series. First, the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) is used to decompose the series, and then the autoregressive moving average (ARIMA) is used to predict the components. Through the example analysis, it can be seen that the prediction model mentioned in this paper is more accurate than the traditional ARIMA model in predicting short-term wind speed.
Active and Reactive Power Coordination Optimization of the Active Distribution Network
Authors: Deng Guohao , Wang Dang , Gao Weixin
Published: March 2023

The operation and control of the active distribution network are faced with great challenges due to a mass of tunable and controllable devices connected to the network, resulting in large active power loss and voltage deviation. In this paper, a method of active and reactive power coordination optimization for the active distribution network based on a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) is proposed. This method can mine valuable information from the historical data of distribution networks, and use one-dimensional convolutional neural networks to map the complex nonlinear relationship between node load and optimization strategy. The simulation results of the modified IEEE33 node distribution network system show that the active power loss and the node voltage deviation of the proposed method are significantly reduced.
FPGA-based LoongArch Five-stage Pipeline CPU
Authors: Chen Lin , Ma Xiao , Ji Xiang
Published: March 2023

We designed and implemented a five-stage pipeline CPU based on the FPGA platform, programmed in Verilog hardware description language to implement LoongArch architecture. The design and implementation of the Instruction Fetch (IF) stage, Instruction Decode (ID) stage, Instruction Execute (EX) stage, Memory Access (MEM) stage, and Write Back (WB) stage. The design and implementation of the important modules in the pipeline are given. The use of the Bubble method and Bypass technique solves most of the parameter passing problems and branch judgment problems in the pipeline. The access memory problem is solved using design tricks. Finally, the design is verified on an FPGA platform. The CPU design can be well used in learning and research related to pipeline CPUs. It can also support experimental platforms and provide an example for further research in pipelines and SOCs.
Design of Civil Aircraft Radome Based on Lightning Protection
Authors: Wang Yi , Gao Ji , Zhang Xiaogang
Published: March 2023

According to relevant statistics, an aircraft will encounter lightning every 3000 hours on average. According to relevant research, the vast majority of aircraft encounter lightning during falling or climbing. For lightning protection of composite radome, there are usually measures such as metallization treatment on the surface, the layout of lightning protection diversion strips, etc., to avoid lightning on the radome by guiding the flash current.
3-PRRR parallel mechanism kinematics and workspace analysis
Authors: Zheng Zehua , Zhang Yi , Wu Yuan , Li Yongxing
Published: March 2023

Aiming at the current problems of small working space and the high cost of erection of parallel structure FDM-3D printer, a 3-PRRR parallel mechanism with a common line of branch chain moving sub is proposed and planned to be used in 3D printing equipment. First, the degrees of freedom of the 3-PRRR parallel mechanism is analyzed based on the spiral theory, and the positive and negative solutions of the position of the mechanism are established by the vector method; on this basis, the working space of the mechanism is analyzed using the Monte Carlo method; finally, the mechanism is specifically applied to the FDM- 3D printing device.
Mechanism Analysis of PET
Authors: Huang Xinwei
Published: March 2023

With the application of distributed power sources, power electronic transformer (PET) that can be connected to DC and AC power grids has attracted much attention. This article will design a PET and simulate its performance when it is connected to the grid.PET consists of three inverters. This article will design and simulate AC-DC and DC-AC inverters, and analyze their principles and performance. Then three inverters are combined into PET, so that the conversion performance of PET to voltage can be simulated and evaluated.
A Novel Topology Identification Algorithm Fusing Multi-Source Measurement Data in Distribution Network
Authors: Zhang Yanyu , Liu Jingyi , Huang Yuchun , Zhang Bin , Pan Jinyuan
Published: March 2023

With the development of new power systems, large amounts of decentralised clean energy and flexible loads will be connected to the smart grid, making the topology of the distribution network even more complex. At the same time, the demand for efficient interaction of “source-network-load” also makes the distribution network topology change with time, which makes it more difficult to identify the distribution network topology. However, topology identification is the basic data for power system regulation and safe optimal operation. Considering the above problems and requirements, this paper investigates and proposes a novel method to identify the topology of a distribution network based on the collaboration of data from multiple measurement devices. Firstly, a method based on multi-source data time synchronization method of μPMU measurement data is proposed, and generate additional data based on linear extrapolation to expand the available data set. Then, a method of topology optimization model identification based on least square method is proposed. Finally, the proposed algorithm is simulated in an example of the IEEE 33 bus feeder system standard. The results show that the scheme is effective in identifying the topology of the distribution network and improves the accuracy compared to traditional methods.
Robot grasping system based on deep learning target detection
Authors: Zhao Wenhui , Xu Bin , Wu Xinzhong
Published: March 2023

The traditional robot grasping system often uses fixed point grasping or demonstrative grasping, but with the increase in the diversity of grasping targets and the randomness of poses, the traditional grasping method is no longer sufficient. A robot grasping method based on deep learning target detection is proposed for a high error rate of target recognition and low success rate of grasping in the robot grasping process. The method investigates the robotic arm hand-eye calibration and the deep learning-based target detection and poses estimation algorithm. The Basler camera is used as the visual perception tool of the robot arm, the AUBO i10 robot arm is used as the main body of the experiment, and the PP-YOLO deep learning algorithm performs target detection and poses estimation on the object. Through the collection of experimental data, several grasping experiments were conducted on the diversity of targets randomly placed in the poses under real scenes. The results showed that the success rate of grasping target detection was 94.93% and the robot grasping success rate was 93.37%.
Industrial Boiler Intelligent Monitoring System Based on LabVIEW
Authors: Ji Yuan , Chen Heng , Shi Xianwei
Published: March 2023

As a kind of traditional heating and power equipment, the industrial boiler is more and more applied in industrial production and life. However, due to the uneven heating of the boiler, the process of using the boiler would result in boiler leakage accidents and cause burns to workers. Given the above situation, the intelligent control system of the industrial boiler is studied in this paper to achieve safe and stable operation of the boiler. This design uses the distributed thermocouple temperature measurement method to design the boiler safety warning system based on the thermocouple sensor collaborative monitoring. Multiple sensors are used to cooperatively monitor and collect boiler operating signals. COMSOL model is used to realize 3D temperature field simulation and reconstruction inside the furnace lining, and the results are presented as early warning results through LabVIEW upper computer interface, which solves the shortcomings of low acquisition accuracy, narrow measurement accuracy, and single measurement method of the traditional contact measurement method. The practice shows that the system has the advantages of low cost, convenient installation and maintenance, easy expansion, high reliability, and strong anti-interference.
Interval Harmonic Power Flow Algorithm Based on Relative Distance Measure
Authors: Fang Xiaoling , Lan Jinchen , Lin Yan , Wu Danyue , Xu Shuangting , Yang Jiaye , Chen Yihuang
Published: March 2023

In the harmonic power flow calculation of the power grid, the indeterminacy of new energy generation, the volatility and intermittency of nonlinear load will lead to the uncertainty of the injected harmonic current. In order to deal with the uncertainty information in the power grid, relative distance measurement (RDM) is used instead of point values to describe the uncertainty of distributed generations(DGs) output and state variables. In this paper, the RDM harmonic source model is built to solve the interval harmonic power flow. Through a typical 33-node distribution network calculation example, it is testified that the RDM Power flow algorithm has sufficient completeness and low conservatism compared with the traditional interval algorithm and Monte Carlo method.