bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Validation of an Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for Simultaneous Determination of Four Type B Trichothecenes and Masked Deoxynivalenol in Various Feed Products
Authors: Fan Zhichen , Bai Bing , Jin Peng , Fan Kai , Guo Wenbo , Zhao Zhihui , Han Zheng
Published: June 2016

A reliable and sensitive analytical method was developed for simultaneous determination of deoxynivalenol(DON), 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol (3-ADON), 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol (15-ADON), fusarenon X (FUS-X), and masked deoxynivalenol (deoxynivalenol-3-glucoside, D3G) in formula feed, concentrated feed, and premixed feed products. The method was based on an improved sample pretreatment with the commercially available HLB cartridges used for sample purification and enrichment followed by analysis using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Several key parameters including the extraction solvents, the positions of sample loading solvents, washing and elution solvents for HLB cartridges were carefully optimized to achieve optimal extraction and purification efficiencies. The established method was extensively validated by determining the linearity (R2 ≥ 0.99), sensitivity (limit of quantification in the range of 0.08–4.85 μg/kg), recovery (79.3%–108.1%), precision (Intra-day RSDs ≤ 13.5% and Inter-day RSDs ≤ 14.9%), and then was successfully applied to determine the four type B trichothecenes and D3G in a total of 31 feed samples. Among them, 26 were contaminated with various mycotoxins at the levels of 2.1–864.5 μg/kg, and D3G has also been detected in 17 samples with the concentrations in the range of 2.1–34.8 μg/kg, proving the established method to be a valuable tool for type B trichothecenes and masked DON monitoring in complex feed matrices.
BIBLIOMETRIC OVERVIEW OF BUSINESS & ECONOMICS RESEARCH
Authors: MERIGÓ José M. , ROCAFORT Alba , AZNAR-ALARCÓN Juan Pedro
Published: June 2016

Bibliometrics is the quantitative study of bibliographic information. It classifies the information according to different criteria including authors, journals, institutions and countries. This paper presents a general bibliometric overview of the most influential research in business & economics according to the information found in the Web of Science. It includes research from different subcategories including business, business finance, economics and management. For doing so, four general lists are presented: the 50 most cited papers in business & economics of all time, the 40 most influential journals, the 40 most relevant institutions and the most influential countries. The results permit to obtain a general picture of the most significant research in business & economics. This information is very useful in order to identify the leading trends in this area.
DEEP IMAGING OF ERIDANUS II AND ITS LONE STAR CLUSTER*
Authors: Crnojević D. , Sand D. J. , Zaritsky D. , Spekkens K. , Willman B. , Hargis J. R.
Published: June 2016

We present deep imaging of the most distant dwarf discovered by the Dark Energy Survey, Eridanus II (Eri II). Our Magellan/Megacam stellar photometry reaches ∼3 mag deeper than previous work and allows us to confirm the presence of a stellar cluster whose position is consistent with Eri II’s center. This makes Eri II, at

M

V

=
−
7.1

, the least luminous galaxy known to host a (possibly central) cluster. The cluster is partially resolved, and at

M

V

=
−
3.5

it accounts for ∼4% of Eri II’s luminosity. We derive updated structural parameters for Eri II, which has a half-light radius of ∼280 pc and is elongated (ϵ ∼ 0.48) at a measured distance of D ∼ 370 kpc. The color–magnitude diagram displays a blue, extended horizontal branch, as well as a less populated red horizontal branch. A central concentration of stars brighter than the old main-sequence turnoff hints at a possible intermediate-age (∼3 Gyr) population; alternatively, these sources could be blue straggler stars. A deep Green Bank Telescope observation of Eri II reveals no associated atomic gas.
Anticonfessionnalisme et alteractivistes au Liban
Authors: Kassir Alexandra
Published: June 2016

Cet article a pour objet l’émergence de nouvelles formes de contestations antisystème dans le Liban d’après-guerre. Il s’intéresse à l’engagement d’activistes anticonfessionnalistes, pour la majorité des jeunes, indépendants des formations politiques traditionnelles, qui revendiquent une séparation du politique et du religieux et aspirent à construire un projet démocratique. Afin de saisir ces modalités d’engagement qui émergent à l’écart du champ de la politique institutionnelle, cette recherche se base sur différentes méthodes qualitatives, observation participante, entretiens biographiques et semi-directifs et un « moment » d’intervention sociologique. Elle révèle comment la voie de la subjectivité que prennent les activistes les rapproche et les éloigne simultanément de la réalisation de leurs aspirations à la démocratie.
Juventud Sin Futuro : précarité, subjectivité et alteractivisme dans la jeunesse espagnole
Authors: Álvarez-Benavides Antonio
Published: June 2016

Cette contribution a pour but d’analyser le collectif alteractiviste Juventud Sin Futuro (« Jeunesse sans avenir »), dont les revendications ont pour objet central la lutte contre la précarité de la jeunesse. Ce collectif fut créé quelques semaines seulement avant le célèbre 15-M ou mouvement des Indignés, raison pour laquelle un grand nombre d’observateurs le considèrent comme l’une de ses sources principales. Dans cet article, l’auteur analyse les traits fondamentaux de ce collectif à partir de la sociologie des mouvements sociaux, et ce dans le cadre de l’activisme post-2010. Il explique également comment les nouveaux processus de subjectivation au sein de ces initiatives tendent vers de nouvelles formes politiques, dont la prétention est non seulement d’influer la politique traditionnelle, de la transformer ou bien d’en être une alternative, mais aussi d’y mettre fin.
Le nationalisme arabe, rétrospective et prospective : un essai
Authors: Abou-Hsab Georges , Saul Samir
Published: June 2016

Courant dominant il y a à peine une génération, le nationalisme arabe cède la place à l’islamisme. L’idée nationale, voire l’État-nation semblent avoir fait leur temps. Pourtant l’exercice du pouvoir en Tunisie et en Égypte de 2011 à 2013 s’avère funeste à l’islamisme ; l’échec et le rejet sont d’une rapidité remarquable. Restent entiers les problèmes et défis auxquels il était confronté: lutte pour l’indépendance, l’unité, la modernisation et le développement. Dans la mesure où ils demeurent d’actualité, l’expérience historique du nationalisme arabe ne perd pas sa pertinence. D’où l’intérêt de revisiter cette tentative de réaliser des avancées sur les quatre plans fondamentaux. Le nationalisme arabe a été le vecteur d’une quête de progrès, de modernité et d’émancipation. Il est possible qu’il appartienne définitivement au passé, mais la non-réalisation des aspirations qu’il a incarnées rend toujours concevable sa réactivation.
Les métropoles :
Authors: Le Merrer Pascal
Published: June 2016

Les territoires se livrent une concurrence intense pour attirer les activités sophistiquées. L’heure est à la polarisation, aux effets d’agglomération. Faut-il en déduire que la croissance économique repose exclusivement sur le développement de métropoles de taille internationale ? Est-on condamné à voir se creuser un écart croissant entre une France dynamique autour de quelques métropoles et une périphérie vouée au déclin ? Quelles sont les réponses que peuvent apporter les politiques publiques face à cette tension entre les territoires ?
Corps, identité et déviance
Authors: Vallet Guillaume
Published: June 2016

La partie sociologique du programme de première ES est l’occasion d’aborder avec les élèves des exemples empiriques, qui les amènent à réfléchir sur des faits ou comportements sociaux en apparence « anodins », en réalité fondamentalement heuristiques. Le point de programme 3.2 illustre bien cette possibilité, puisqu’il concerne les formes variées de déviance produites dans le cadre des interactions. Cet article cherche à montrer en quoi l’analyse de la pratique du bodybuilding s’insère dans cette problématique et questionne la frontière entre normalité et déviance du corps, santé et maladie, rationnel et irrationnel. Cet exemple permet ainsi de renforcer les acquis des élèves sur le contrôle social (partie 3.1 du programme) et sur la socialisation de genre (partie 1.1 du programme).
Familles « nocives », adolescences complexes. La place des soins pour grandir
Authors: Cosseron Florent
Published: June 2016

Résumé Le placement d’un enfant rendu nécessaire par l’existence de familles dites « nocives », voire « pathogènes » entraîne souvent une attitude de méfiance vis-à-vis de ces familles de la part des travailleurs sociaux en charge de l’enfant. Or, la loyauté de celui-ci à l’égard de ses parents biologiques et, même inconsciencement, la répétition de certaines formes d’actes du parent par l’enfant obligent à réfléchir sur la nécessité d’éviter la désaffiliation. Quatre vignettes cliniques illustrent les possibilités de faire avancer l’enfant dans une meilleure compréhension de sa famille dont il s’origine.
« Moi, Alexandre, 17 ans, j’ai mal à en mourir... »
Authors: Douillard Jean-Luc
Published: June 2016

Résumé Certains adolescents grandissent avec l’idée de mourir. Si chaque histoire est différente, si chaque adolescent est unique, il y a cependant des processus identiques face auxquels les souffrances restent inégales. Le processus suicidaire est pour certains adolescents un compagnon de route. Certaines blessures réelles ou symboliques ont besoin de temps pour se ressentir, se comprendre et se transformer. La douleur s’atténue, s’intériorise. Les rencontres avec des adultes fiables qui n’ont pas d’idées reçues sont essentielles tout au long du chemin adolescent, elles réaniment des coeurs brisés par des événements de vie terriblement dramatiques, elles proposent des clefs et des alternatives à des souffrances ressenties au plus profond de son corps pour réduire le risque d’un passage à l’acte vers une mort annoncée. On peut parler de la mort omniprésente dans les pensées et questions adolescentes, ça ne s’attrape pas, bien au contraire, ça soulage d’en parler. Grandir, c’est « bricoler » en permanence avec l’idée de mourir, encore plus quand on rencontre la mort en direct par le suicide d’un ami par exemple, ou la perte accidentelle d’un frère ou d’une soeur, de son meilleur ami. Ces petits arrangements intérieurs souvent créatifs chez les adolescents, soutenus par des adultes « réanimateurs », sont des compromis qui aident à investir des identités multiples.
Défis et enjeux des prises en charge d’adolescents radicalisés
Authors: Guénoun Tamara
Published: June 2016

Résumé Cet article mène une réflexion sur les défis et enjeux des prises en charge de la « déradicalisation » des adolescents et jeunes adultes. Pour ce faire, il prend appui sur la recherche existante en psychanalyse et dans le champ des sciences sociales. Il apparaît essentiel de mener d’abord une réflexion sur le fonctionnement psychique des individus engagés dans le djihadisme violent. En appui sur cette analyse de la radicalisation comme pansement pour la psyché des adolescents, l’auteur propose des pistes pour rencontrer ces jeunes et faire face au processus destructeur dans lequel ils sont engagés. Les prises en charge à partir d’un médium présentent un intérêt, face à la complexité des problématiques qui émergent chez ces adolescents.
Trine et Une : variations sur le féminin dans les contes de Machado de Assis
Authors: Cardoso-Gil Maria Roneide
Published: June 2016

Résumé L’auteur présente un grand nom de la littérature brésilienne de la fin du xix e  siècle, Machado de Assis, qui aurait su en tant qu’artiste et non-scientifique aborder la vie psychique inconsciente des femmes de cette époque, peu avant les publications de Freud sur ce point. Il aurait utilisé pour cela l’image en négatif de la femme et le spéculaire comme outil de cette image en négatif. Trois contes permettent de voir trois configurations féminines autour du désir. Dans le premier, comment une femme peut rester une vie entière dans une atonie du désir, dans le deuxième conte, c’est l’histoire d’une femme « désirée de tous » mais qui n’arrive pas à choisir un amant ou un mari, sauf à la fin ultime de sa vie, et la troisième femme, mariée, est aux prises avec son désir sexuel personnel qu’elle a du mal à cerner à travers un conflit conjugal pour un chapeau.
Patient Portals
Authors: Skinner Asheley , Thornhill Jonathan , Weinberger Morris , Griffin Ashley
Published: June 2016

Patient portals have demonstrated numerous benefits including improved patientprovider communication, patient satisfaction with care, and patient engagement. Recent literature has begun to illustrate how patients use selected portal features and an association between portal usage and improved clinical outcomes.

This study sought to: (1) identify patient characteristics associated with the use of a patient portal; (2) determine the frequency with which common patient portal features are used; and (3) examine whether the level of patient portal use (non-users, light users, active users) is associated with 30-day hospital readmission.

My UNC Chart is the patient portal for the UNC Health Care System. We identified adults discharged from three UNC Health Care hospitals with acute myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, or pneumonia and classified them as active, light, or non-users of My UNC Chart.

Multivariable analyses were conducted to compare across user groups; logistic regression was used to predict whether patient portal use was associated with 30-day readmission.

Of 2,975 eligible patients, 83.4% were non-users; 8.6% were light users; and 8.0% were active users of My UNC Chart. The messaging feature was used most often. For patients who were active users, the odds of being readmitted within 30 days was 66% greater than patients who were non-users (p<0.05). There was no difference in 30-day readmission between non-users and light users.

The vast majority of patients who were given an access code for My UNC Chart did not use it within 30 days of discharge. Of those who used the portal, active users had a higher odds of being readmitted within 30 days. Health care systems should consider strategies to: (1) increase overall use of patient portals and (2) target patients with the highest comorbidity scores to reduce hospital readmissions.
CHALLENGES OF A MODERN ATLAS OF THE AGEING SOCIETY
Authors: Bleisch S. , Hil D. , Korkut S. , Meyer P.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Atlases are collections of illustrated data, often maps, which give an overview - as well as some details - of one or several topic areas. We noted that this description serves well especially for traditional paper and digital atlases. However, in our today's world of entertainment it might give a somewhat dated impression. For the topic area 'Ageing Society' we aim to visualise age related data in an interactive digital way that supports not only the content but also engages the users, offers opportunities for different stakeholders and levels of interest, and is able to accommodate a range of data as well as future updates. A set of guiding principles for the development process addresses these challenges. First implementations show that following the principles is feasible but expensive in terms of time and attention to detail needed. For each selected topic, a story guides the users through the data and highlights interesting aspects. The user can interrupt the story at any time and explore the data further through interacting with the detailed data representations, and switch back to the story when needed. This allows different levels of access which in combination with the specifically designed navigation concept as well as through the adherence to user aware design principles are very promising for the future developments of the Atlas of the Ageing Society and potentially other atlas products.
DO THE VISUAL COMPLEXITY ALGORITHMS MATCH THE GENERALIZATION PROCESS IN GEOGRAPHICAL DISPLAYS?
Authors: Brychtová A. , Çöltekin A. , Pászto V.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. In this study, we first develop a hypothesis that existing quantitative visual complexity measures will overall reflect the level of cartographic generalization, and test this hypothesis. Specifically, to test our hypothesis, we first selected common geovisualization types (i.e., cartographic maps, hybrid maps, satellite images and shaded relief maps) and retrieved examples as provided by Google Maps, OpenStreetMap and SchweizMobil by swisstopo. Selected geovisualizations vary in cartographic design choices, scene contents and different levels of generalization. Following this, we applied one of Rosenholtz et al.’s (2007) visual clutter algorithms to obtain quantitative visual complexity scores for screenshots of the selected maps. We hypothesized that visual complexity should be constant across generalization levels, however, the algorithm suggested that the complexity of small-scale displays (less detailed) is higher than those of large-scale (high detail). We also observed vast differences in visual complexity among maps providers, which we attribute to their varying approaches towards the cartographic design and generalization process. Our efforts will contribute towards creating recommendations as to how the visual complexity algorithms could be optimized for cartographic products, and eventually be utilized as a part of the cartographic design process to assess the visual complexity.
INVESTIGATING THE USE OF 3D GEOVISUALIZATIONS FOR URBAN DESIGN IN INFORMAL SETTLEMENT UPGRADING IN SOUTH AFRICA
Authors: Rautenbach V. , Coetzee S. , Çöltekin A.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Informal settlements are a common occurrence in South Africa, and to improve in-situ circumstances of communities living in informal settlements, upgrades and urban design processes are necessary. Spatial data and maps are essential throughout these processes to understand the current environment, plan new developments, and communicate the planned developments. All stakeholders need to understand maps to actively participate in the process. However, previous research demonstrated that map literacy was relatively low for many planning professionals in South Africa, which might hinder effective planning. Because 3D visualizations resemble the real environment more than traditional maps, many researchers posited that they would be easier to interpret. Thus, our goal is to investigate the effectiveness of 3D geovisualizations for urban design in informal settlement upgrading in South Africa. We consider all involved processes: 3D modelling, visualization design, and cognitive processes during map reading. We found that procedural modelling is a feasible alternative to time-consuming manual modelling, and can produce high quality models. When investigating the visualization design, the visual characteristics of 3D models and relevance of a subset of visual variables for urban design activities of informal settlement upgrades were qualitatively assessed. The results of three qualitative user experiments contributed to understanding the impact of various levels of complexity in 3D city models and map literacy of future geoinformatics and planning professionals when using 2D maps and 3D models. The research results can assist planners in designing suitable 3D models that can be used throughout all phases of the process.
EXPLORATORY USER STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFECT OF STREET NAME CHANGES ON ROUTE PLANNING USING 2D MAPS
Authors: Rautenbach Victoria , Coetzee Serena , Hankel Melissa
Published: June 2016

Abstract. This paper presents the results of an exploratory user study using 2D maps to observe and analyse the effect of street name changes on prospective route planning. The study is part of a larger research initiative to understand the effect of street name changes on wayfinding. The common perception is that street name changes affect our ability to navigate an environment, but this has not yet been tested with an empirical user study. A combination of a survey, the thinking aloud method and eye tracking was used with a group of 20 participants, mainly geoinformatics students. A within-subject participant assignment was used. Independent variables were the street network (regular and irregular) and orientation cues (street names and landmarks) portrayed on a 2D map. Dependent variables recorded were the performance (were the participant able to plan a route between the origin and destination?); the accuracy (was the shortest path identified?); the time taken to complete a task; and fixation points with eye tracking. Overall, the results of this exploratory study suggest that street name changes impact the prospective route planning performance and process that individuals use with 2D maps. The results contribute to understanding how route planning changes when street names are changed on 2D maps. It also contributes to the design of future user studies. To generalise the findings, the study needs to be repeated with a larger group of participants.
A VIRTUAL GLOBE-BASED MULTI-RESOLUTION TIN SURFACE MODELING AND VISUALIZETION METHOD
Authors: Zheng Xianwei , Xiong Hanjiang , Gong Jianya , Yue Linwei
Published: June 2016

Abstract. The integration and visualization of geospatial data on a virtual globe play an significant role in understanding and analysis of the Earth surface processes. However, the current virtual globes always sacrifice the accuracy to ensure the efficiency for global data processing and visualization, which devalue their functionality for scientific applications. In this article, we propose a high-accuracy multi-resolution TIN pyramid construction and visualization method for virtual globe. Firstly, we introduce the cartographic principles to formulize the level of detail (LOD) generation so that the TIN model in each layer is controlled with a data quality standard. A maximum z-tolerance algorithm is then used to iteratively construct the multi-resolution TIN pyramid. Moreover, the extracted landscape features are incorporated into each-layer TIN, thus preserving the topological structure of terrain surface at different levels. In the proposed framework, a virtual node (VN)-based approach is developed to seamlessly partition and discretize each triangulation layer into tiles, which can be organized and stored with a global quad-tree index. Finally, the real time out-of-core spherical terrain rendering is realized on a virtual globe system VirtualWorld1.0. The experimental results showed that the proposed method can achieve an high-fidelity terrain representation, while produce a high quality underlying data that satisfies the demand for scientific analysis.
THE TRADE-OFF BETWEEN PRIVACY AND GEOGRAPHIC DATA RESOLUTION. A CASE OF GPS TRAJECTORIES COMBINED WITH THE SOCIAL SURVEY RESULTS
Authors: Sila-Nowicka K. , Thakuriah P.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Trajectory datasets are being generated in great volumes due to high levels of Global Positioning System (GPS) and Location-Based Services (LBS) use. Such data are increasingly being collected for a variety of academic, industrial and recreational reasons, sometimes together with other strands of personal data such as socio-demographic, social survey and other sensor data carried/worn by the person. In such cases, not only are movement data of a person available but also data on potentially a wide variety of other personal and household attributes. Making such person-level data available for analytics opens up the possibility of new directions in analysing, studying and understanding human behaviour, which is typically not possible with GPS trajectory datasets alone. At the same time, the GPS data should be released in a privacy-preserving way that takes into account the possibility of re-identification of individuals from quasi-identifiers available from other data strands. De-identification in these strands may be risked due to uniquely identifiable information on significant locations and other spatial behaviours and choices detected from GPS trajectories. Using a multimodal dataset that includes a GPS archive from 358 individuals, and by considering a number of alternative privacy-enhancing approaches, we look at the potential for privacy preservation when personally-identifiable data are available from multiple data strands, for the specific purpose of data to be released for transport research.
SPATIAL-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL MEDIA DATA RELATED TO NEPAL EARTHQUAKE 2015
Authors: Thapa L.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Social Medias these days have become the instant communication platform to share anything; from personal feelings to the matter of public concern, these are the easiest and aphoristic way to deliver information among the mass. With the development of Web 2.0 technologies, more and more emphasis has been given to user input in the web; the concept of Geoweb is being visualized and in the recent years, social media like Twitter, Flicker are among the popular Location Based Social Medias with locational functionality enabled in them. Nepal faced devastating earthquake on 25 April, 2015 resulting in the loss of thousands of lives, destruction in the historical-archaeological sites and properties. Instant help was offered by many countries around the globe and even lots of NGOs, INGOs and people started the rescue operations immediately; concerned authorities and people used different communication medium like Frequency Modulation Stations, Television, and Social Medias over the World Wide Web to gather information associated with the Quake and to ease the rescue activities. They also initiated campaign in the Social Media to raise the funds and support the victims. Even the social medias like Facebook, Twitter, themselves announced the helping campaign to rebuild Nepal. In such scenario, this paper features the analysis of Twitter data containing hashtag related to Nepal Earthquake 2015 together with their temporal characteristics, when were the message generated, where were these from and how these spread spatially over the internet?
UNDERSTANDING HUMAN PERCEPTION OF BUILDING CATEGORIES IN VIRTUAL 3D CITIES - A USER STUDY
Authors: Tutzauer P. , Becker S. , Niese T. , Deussen O. , Fritsch D.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. Virtual 3D cities are becoming increasingly important as a means of visually communicating diverse urban-related information. To get a deeper understanding of a human’s cognitive experience of virtual 3D cities, this paper presents a user study on the human ability to perceive building categories (e.g. residential home, office building, building with shops etc.) from geometric 3D building representations. The study reveals various dependencies between geometric properties of the 3D representations and the perceptibility of the building categories. Knowledge about which geometries are relevant, helpful or obstructive for perceiving a specific building category is derived. The importance and usability of such knowledge is demonstrated based on a perception-guided 3D building abstraction process.
WALKABILITY FOR DIFFERENT URBAN GRANULARITIES
Authors: Hollenstein D. , Bleisch S.
Published: June 2016

Abstract. The positive effects of low-intensity physical activity are widely acknowledged and in this context walking is often promoted as an active form of transport. Under the concept of walkability the role of the built environment in encouraging walking is investigated. For that purpose, walkability is quantified area-wise by measuring a varying set of built environment attributes. In purely GIS-based approaches to studying walkability, indices are generally built using existing and easily accessible data. These include street network design, population density, land use mix, and access to destinations. Access to destinations is usually estimated using either a fixed radius, or distances in the street network. In this paper, two approaches to approximate a footpath network are presented. The two footpath networks were built making different assumptions regarding the walkability of different street types with respect to more or less restrictive safety preferences. Information on sidewalk presence, pedestrian crossings, and traffic restrictions were used to build both networks. The first network comprises car traffic free areas only. The second network includes streets with low speed limits that have no sidewalks. Both networks are compared to the more commonly used street network in an access-to-distance analysis. The results suggest that for the generally highly walkable study area, access to destination mostly depends on destination density within the defined walkable distance. However, on single street segments access to destinations is diminished when only car traffic free spaces are assumed to be walkable.
Transfer Entropy between South Atlantic Anomaly and Global Sea Level for the last 300 years
Authors: Campuzano Saioa A. , De Santis Angelo , Pavón-Carrasco Francisco Javier , Osete María Luisa , Qamili Enkelejda
Published: June 2016

Abstract. An innovative information-theoretic tool, transfer entropy, has been applied to measure the possible information flow and sense between two real time series: the South Atlantic Anomaly (SAA) area extent at the Earth's surface and the Global Sea Level (GSL) rise anomalies for the last 300 years. This connection was previously suggested considering only the long term trend. Now we study the possibility of that this relation also happens in shorter scales. The new results seem to support again this hypothesis, with more information transferred from the SAA to the GSL anomalies, with about 90 % of confidence level. This could provide a new clue on the existence of a link between the geomagnetic field and the Earth's climate in the past.
Academic Internship and Students’ Satisfaction: Evidence from Greece
Authors: Kipreos George , Dimitropoulos Panagiotis
Published: June 2016

Internship is an educational activity which has the advantage of teaching students how to apply the knowledge and concepts they have acquired in the classroom thus achieving a thorough learning of the subject matter. The scope of this study is to examine the level of students’ satisfaction from the internship program provided by the Department of Sport Management, University of Peloponnese in Greece. Questionnaire analysis was performed from a sample of students who have completed their internship and evidence revealed that 60% of respondents were satisfied with the internship program and more than 65% believe that the experiences gained from the internship will be significant for their future employment. Overall, students perceived the internship program as a significant feature of the curriculum and a mechanism that enhances future career potential.
The Indian Paradox
Authors: Sinha Shumona
Published: June 2016

India may be the country of the woman but the spiritual veil that covers it should not hide the violence perpetrated against many women there. For a long time venerated, women pay today a heavy tribute to the clash of modernity that splits the country into two worlds, one of which, feeling more and more alienated, is losing its references.
Sophia, Androgyny and the Feminine in Franz von Baader’s Christian Theosophy
Authors: Friesen J. Glenn
Published: June 2016

Although he is not well known today, Franz von Baader (1765-1841) had a profound influence on philosophy. He introduced Hegel to the mystical ideas of Meister Eckhart, and he introduced Schelling to the theosophical ideas of Jakob Boehme. Baader’s Christian theosophy has sometimes been called a “Philosophy of Love”. It stresses the importance of love within the Godhead, of love from God to humans, of love of humans towards each other, and of love from humans towards temporal reality. With respect to relations between men and women, Baader aims at a true reciprocity between the two sexes, with the ultimate goal of restoring the original androgyny. Anyone who reads Baader will be immediately struck by the complexity of his thought and the difficulty of his language. This article seeks to present his ideas in a simplified way.
The Frailest Thing in the World; On Faith, Suffering and Cinema in Our Time
Authors: Zelensky Elizabeth
Published: June 2016

This review explores the spiritual and religious meaning of Eric Rohmer's "Ma nuit chez Maud" in the light of the thought of the French Christian Philosopher Blaise Pascal.
Women Mystics in Medieval Islam: Practice and Transmission
Authors: Thibon Jean-Jacques
Published: June 2016

Islam is no exception to the commonplace that women seem to have played a minor role in the elaboration and transmission of spiritual doctrine in the three monotheistic religions. But as a result of widespread ignorance of the history of Islam, even amongst believers themselves, it is often somewhat hastily
upheld that the position of Islam has always been radically misogynist, as if women had never been given the slightest prominence in its history. And yet, as this article demonstrates, the role played by women, or the position they have often acquired with difficulty, has not followed a smooth course throughout nearly fifteen centuries of Islamic history.The aim of this paper is to study the position of women in a specific context: that of the spiritual masters and mystics of Islam who, for purposes of simplification, can be grouped under the generic term of Sufis. This study will be limited chronologically to medieval times,
and in particular to the pivotal period of the tenth century, even if there will be cause to mention women
who lived earlier or later. Finally, focus will be placed on religious practices and teaching work, and consequently on the mission of spiritual transmission which these women undertook throughout their lives.
Incidentally diagnosed renal cancer following investigation for new-onset hyperglycemia
Authors: Harada Yukinori , Hara Yuuta
Published: June 2016

Detecting paraneoplastic syndrome is important for the diagnosis of renal cancer. We present an incidentally detected case of renal cancer during the investigation of new-onset hyperglycemia in a 68-year-old woman. The patient presented with palpitations and weight loss; her laboratory findings showed hyperglycemia, anemia, and elevated C-reactive protein and alkaline phosphatase levels. Computed tomography revealed a right renal cancer. Following tumor removal, her glycemic control improved, and insulin therapy, which was needed preoperatively, was not needed anymore. Clinicians should suspect renal cancer in patients with new-onset hyperglycemia occurring simultaneously with interleukin-6-associated paraneoplastic syndrome.
Selective Plant Extracts and their Combination as the Nutritional Therapeutic Remedies
Authors: G. Antoshechkin Anatoly
Published: June 2016

The article is a survey of some plant extracts that possess ability to restore metabolic disturbances evoked by chronic stress. Chronic stress triggers a number of common illnesses, including depression, chronic physical and mental fatigue, neuroses, cardiovascular diseases, ulceration of stomach and intestine, diabetes mellitus, obesity and alcohol abuse. One of the early consequences of chronic stress is the decrease of functional activity of immune system that reduces resistance against infections, allergies, asthma, autoimmune disorders, rheumatoid arthritis. The initial stages of chronic stress consequences are suppression of immune system, disturbances of hormonal balance, hydrocarbon, lipid, and energy metabolism. Applicability of the extracts from Leuzea carthamoides, Rhodiola rosea, Eleutherococcus senticosus, Schizandra chinensis and their combination “AdMax” to counteract the initial stages of chronic stress consequences is considered.
Influence of soil properties on plant density and species richness of saline desert
Authors: Pilania Pradeep Kumar , Panchal Nilesh Sundarjibhai
Published: June 2016

El ambiente edáfico tiene una significativa influencia en la productividad. La salinidad es uno de los principales factores que afectan negativamente a la vegetación. Se estudió un ecosistema desértico de la India (Pequeño Rann de Kutch; 7020 ha) para medir la influencia de las propiedades del suelo en la vegetación. Tanto la riqueza de especies (SR) como la densidad de hierbas y arbustos/árboles (17.018 plantas m-2 y 8.617 plantas 10 m-2) fueron mayores en el punto 4, con valores altos de OC, OM, N, P, Ca y Fe (0.684, 1.179, 0.059 %, 42.338 kg ha-1, 170.732, 32.016 mg kg-1) y bajos niveles de arcilla, EC y Na (33.654%, 9.441dSm-1 y 68.699 mg kg-1). Valores altos de arcilla, Na y EC con bajo Ca y Fe resultaron en bajas densidades de SR (lugares 2 y 5). Las bajas SR y densidad se deben a bajas concentraciones de OC, OM, N, P, Fe, Ca y alta concentración de arcilla, Na y EC.

Soil environment have significant influence on the productivity of land. Salinity is one of the major factors which negatively affect the vegetation. To measure the influence of soil properties on vegetation, desert ecosystem in India (Little Rann of Kutch of 7020 ha) was studied. Species richness (SR) as well as density for herbs and shrubs/tree (17.018 plants m-2 and 8.617 plants 10m-2) was highest in the site 4, with high OC, OM, N, P, Ca and Fe (0.684, 1.179, 0.059 %, 42.338 kg ha-1, 170.732 and 32.016 mg kg-1) and low clay, EC and Na (33.654%, 9.441dSm-1 and 68.699 mg kg-1). High amount of clay, Na and EC with low Ca and Fe results into low density with low SR (site 2 and 5). Low SR and density are due to low concentration of OC, OM, N, P, Fe, Ca and high concentration of clay, Na and EC.
Iconoscopy Between Phaneroscopy and Semeiotic
Authors: De Tienne André
Published: June 2016

Phaneroscopy and semeiotic study two entities with distinct modes of being : the phaneron and the sign. Each consists in a continuum, one of first intention, the other of second intention, the latter lying within the former. Peirce sought to solve the question of the passage from one to the other since the time of his first publication ‘Upon a New List of Categories’. The mature writings reveal the important role the notion of image plays in this transition. Peirce indeed develops a pragmatic conception of image that turns the latter into the fundamental ingredient of the concrete experience of signs. An image in this sense is not a drawing or a picture, but at first a logical concept with a mathematical basis that helps explain the psychological phenomenon. The image is at the junction between the percept (phaneral element) and the perceptual judgment (the most elementary kind of semiotic event) through the percipuum, and it can be observed through a special kind of activity called iconoscopy. I shall present those properties of the image that allow it to govern the transition between phaneron and sign, and clarify in what sense Peirce could assert that images ‘instigate to judgment’.
L’image et l’image peinte : Panofsky d’après Peirce
Authors: Salabert Pere
Published: June 2016

Que tirer de la sémiotique de Charles S. Peirce pour l’esthétique, entendue comme réflexion sur l’art? Cet article invite à trouver des liens entre la pensée du célèbre historien et théoricien de l’art Erwin Panofsky et la sémiotique peircéenne. Plus précisément on y examine comment l’interprétation de la trichotomie peircéenne qui assure le rapport du signe à son objet correspond à la tripartition panofskienne de l’idée, de la forme et du contenu dans sa recherche sur la compréhension des oeuvres d’art.
Peripheral optogenetic stimulation induces whisker movement and sensory perception in head-fixed mice
Authors: Park Sunmee , Bandi Akhil , Lee Christian R , Margolis David J
Published: June 2016

We discovered that optical stimulation of the mystacial pad in Emx1-Cre;Ai27D transgenic mice induces whisker movements due to activation of ChR2 expressed in muscles controlling retraction and protraction. Using high-speed videography in anesthetized mice, we characterize the amplitude of whisker protractions evoked by varying the intensity, duration, and frequency of optogenetic stimulation. Recordings from primary somatosensory cortex (S1) in anesthetized mice indicated that optogenetic whisker pad stimulation evokes robust yet longer latency responses than mechanical whisker stimulation. In head-fixed mice trained to report optogenetic whisker pad stimulation, psychometric curves showed similar dependence on stimulus duration as evoked whisker movements and S1 activity. Furthermore, optogenetic stimulation of S1 in expert mice was sufficient to substitute for peripheral stimulation. We conclude that whisker protractions evoked by optogenetic activation of whisker pad muscles results in cortical activity and sensory perception, consistent with the coding of evoked whisker movements by reafferent sensory input.
Golgi self-correction generates bioequivalent glycans to preserve cellular homeostasis
Authors: Mkhikian Haik , Mortales Christie-Lynn , Zhou Raymond W , Khachikyan Khachik , Wu Gang , Haslam Stuart M , Kavarian Patil , Dell Anne , Demetriou Michael
Published: June 2016

Essential biological systems employ self-correcting mechanisms to maintain cellular homeostasis. Mammalian cell function is dynamically regulated by the interaction of cell surface galectins with branched N-glycans. Here we report that N-glycan branching deficiency triggers the Golgi to generate bioequivalent N-glycans that preserve galectin-glycoprotein interactions and cellular homeostasis. Galectins bind N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) units within N-glycans initiated from UDP-GlcNAc by the medial-Golgi branching enzymes as well as the trans-Golgi poly-LacNAc extension enzyme β1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (B3GNT). Marginally reducing LacNAc content by limiting N-glycans to three branches results in T-cell hyperactivity and autoimmunity; yet further restricting branching does not produce a more hyperactive state. Rather, new poly-LacNAc extension by B3GNT maintains galectin binding and immune homeostasis. Poly-LacNAc extension is triggered by redistribution of unused UDP-GlcNAc from the medial to trans-Golgi via inter-cisternal tubules. These data demonstrate the functional equivalency of structurally dissimilar N-glycans and suggest a self-correcting feature of the Golgi that sustains cellular homeostasis.
Optical properties of nanoporous silica frustules of a diatom determined using a 10 µm microfiber probe
Authors: Yoneda Satoshi , Ito Fuyu , Yamanaka Shigeru , Usami Hisanao
Published: June 2016

A microfiber spectroscopic method was developed to reveal the photonic crystalline characteristics of a cylindrical frustule of the diatom Melosira variance. The spectroscopy apparatus used was composed of two quartz fibers with fine ends, approximately 10 µm in diameter, set on micromanipulators to control the position of the fine ends of each fiber, which were focused at the edge of a frustule. The method had fine space resolution and sensitivity toward the propagation direction of incident light, which is suitable for analyzing photonic crystallinity. A typical absorption was observed at wavelengths of 400–500 nm, which corresponded to a quasi-stop band calculated by a finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method for a three-dimensional (3D) slab model constructed based on an SEM image of the frustule. These results suggest that the photonic crystalline characteristics of the frustule can assist the absorption of incident light near 420 nm, which is crucial for the efficient photosynthesis of the diatom.
Variability of tornado occurrence over the continental United States since 1950
Authors: Guo Li , Wang Kaicun , Bluestein Howard B.
Published: June 2016

The United States experiences the most tornadoes of any country in the world. Given the catastrophic impact of tornadoes, concern has arisen regarding the variation in climatology of U.S. tornadoes under the changing climate. A recent study claimed that the temporal variability of tornado occurrence over the continental U.S. has increased since the 1970s. However, that study ignored the highly regionalized climatology of U.S. tornadoes. To address this issue, we examined the long‐term trend of tornado temporal variability in each continental U.S. state. Based on the 64 year tornado records (1950–2013), we found that the trends in tornado temporal variability varied across the U.S., with only one third of the continental area or three out of 10 contiguous states (mostly from the Great Plains and Southeast, but where the frequency of occurrence of tornadoes is greater) displaying a significantly increasing trend. The other two‐thirds area, where 60% of the U.S. tornadoes were reported (but the frequency of occurrence of tornadoes is less), however, showed a decreasing or a near‐zero trend in tornado temporal variability. Furthermore, unlike the temporal variability alone, the combined spatial‐temporal variability of U.S. tornado occurrence has remained nearly constant since 1950. Such detailed information on the climatological variability of U.S. tornadoes refines the claim of previous study and can be helpful for local mitigation efforts toward future tornado risks.
Improving the method of low‐temperature anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (LT‐AMS) measurements in air
Authors: Issachar R. , Levi T. , Lyakhovsky V. , Marco S. , Weinberger R.
Published: June 2016

This study examines the limitations of the method of low‐temperature anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (LT‐AMS) measurements in air and presents technical improvements that significantly reduce the instrumental drift and measurement errors. We analyzed the temperature profile of porous chalk core after cooling in liquid nitrogen and found that the average temperature of the sample during the LT‐AMS measurement in air is higher than 77K and close to 92K. This analysis indicates that the susceptibility of the paramagnetic minerals are amplified by a factor ∼3.2 relative to that of room temperature AMS (RT‐AMS). In addition, it was found that liquid nitrogen was absorbed in the samples during immersing and contributed diamagnetic component of ∼−9 × 10−6 SI to the total mean susceptibility. We showed that silicone sheet placed around and at the bottom of the measuring coil is an effective thermal protection, preventing instrument drift by the cold sample. In this way, the measuring errors of LT‐AMS reduced to the level of RT‐AMS, allowing accurate comparison with standard AMS measurements. We examined the applicability of the LT‐AMS measurements on chalk samples that consist <5% (weight) of paramagnetic minerals and showed that it helps to efficiently enhance the paramagnetic fabric. The present study offers a practical approach, which can be applied to various types of rocks to better delineate the paramagnetic phase using conventional equipment.
Comparison of Magnetospheric Multiscale ion jet signatures with predicted reconnection site locations at the magnetopause
Authors: Petrinec S. M. , Burch J. L. , Fuselier S. A. , Gomez R. G. , Lewis W. , Trattner K. J. , Ergun R. , Mauk B. , Pollock C. J. , Schiff C. , Strangeway R. J. , Russell C. T. , Phan T.‐D. , Young D.
Published: June 2016

Magnetic reconnection at the Earth's magnetopause is the primary process by which solar wind plasma and energy gains access to the magnetosphere. One indication that magnetic reconnection is occurring is the observation of accelerated plasma as a jet tangential to the magnetopause. The direction of ion jets along the magnetopause surface as observed by the Fast Plasma Instrument (FPI) and the Hot Plasma Composition Analyzer (HPCA) instrument on board the recently launched Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) set of spacecraft is examined. For those cases where ion jets are clearly discerned, the direction of origin compares well statistically with the predicted location of magnetic reconnection using convected solar wind observations in conjunction with the Maximum Magnetic Shear model.