bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HDAC5-mediated deacetylation and nuclear localisation of SOX9 is critical for tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer
Authors: Xue Yue , Lian Wenwen , Zhi Jiaqi , Yang Wenjuan , Li Qianjin , Guo Xingyi , Gao Jiahao , Qu Hao , Lin Weiqiang , Li Zhongqi , Lai Lihua , Wang Qingqing
Published: November 2019

Background

Tamoxifen resistance remains a significant clinical challenge for the therapy of ER-positive breast cancer. It has been reported that the upregulation of transcription factor SOX9 in ER+ recurrent cancer is sufficient for tamoxifen resistance. However, the mechanisms underlying the regulation of SOX9 remain largely unknown.

Methods

The acetylation level of SOX9 was detected by immunoprecipitation and western blotting. The expressions of HDACs and SIRTs were evaluated by qRT-PCR. Cell growth was measured by performing MTT assay. ALDH-positive breast cancer stem cells were evaluated by flow cytometry. Interaction between HDAC5 and SOX9 was determined by immunoprecipitation assay.

Results

Deacetylation is required for SOX9 nuclear translocation in tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer cells. Furthermore, HDAC5 is the key deacetylase responsible for SOX9 deacetylation and subsequent nuclear translocation. In addition, the transcription factor C-MYC directly promotes the expression of HDAC5 in tamoxifen resistant breast cancer cells. For clinical relevance, high SOX9 and HDAC5 expression are associated with lower survival rates in breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen.

Conclusions

This study reveals that HDAC5 regulated by C-MYC is essential for SOX9 deacetylation and nuclear localisation, which is critical for tamoxifen resistance. These results indicate a potential therapy strategy for ER+ breast cancer by targeting C-MYC/HDAC5/SOX9 axis.
Genomic data integration by WON-PARAFAC identifies interpretable factors for predicting drug-sensitivity in vivo
Authors: Kim Yongsoo , Bismeijer Tycho , Zwart Wilbert , Wessels Lodewyk F. A. , Vis Daniel J.
Published: November 2019

Integrative analyses that summarize and link molecular data to treatment sensitivity are crucial to capture the biological complexity which is essential to further precision medicine. We introduce Weighted Orthogonal Nonnegative parallel factor analysis (WON-PARAFAC), a data integration method that identifies sparse and interpretable factors. WON-PARAFAC summarizes the GDSC1000 cell line compendium in 130 factors. We interpret the factors based on their association with recurrent molecular alterations, pathway enrichment, cancer type, and drug-response. Crucially, the cell line derived factors capture the majority of the relevant biological variation in Patient-Derived Xenograft (PDX) models, strongly suggesting our factors capture invariant and generalizable aspects of cancer biology. Furthermore, drug response in cell lines is better and more consistently translated to PDXs using factor-based predictors as compared to raw feature-based predictors. WON-PARAFAC efficiently summarizes and integrates multiway high-dimensional genomic data and enhances translatability of drug response prediction from cell lines to patient-derived xenografts.
Evaluation of narrow band imaging in the assessment of laryngeal granuloma
Authors: Klimza H. , Pietruszewska W. , Jackowska J. , Piersiala K. , Wierzbicka M.
Published: November 2019

Laryngeal granulomas belong to common complications following trans-oral laser microsurgery (TLM). The aim of this study was to evaluate NBI in the differentiation between granuloma-like lesions and local tumor recurrence. 154 consecutive patients after TLM due to early laryngeal cancer were enrolled. In the group, a monthly follow-up including NBI endoscopy was performed. Moderate and severe dysplasia, carcinoma in situ and invasive cancer were defined as positive histology, laryngeal granuloma and other benign laryngeal lesions as negative histology and premalignant lesions as suspicious histology. In 47/154 (31%) cases, granuloma-like lesion (GLL) was found. Patients with GLL were divided into two groups based on the NBI classification. In all patients, the microvascular pattern in NBI was compared with the final histology. In group A, with suspicious, perpendicular vessels, 13/13 (100%) samples were positive. In group B, with normal vascular pattern 3/34 (9%) samples were positive and 31/34 (91%) samples were negative. There was a significant correlation between the positive NBI vascular pattern and the final histology (p = 0.00001). Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy of NBI were as follows: 81%, 100%, 94%, respectively.Based on our results, NBI can reliably differentiate between postoperative laryngeal granuloma and local tumor recurrence. In such a manner, this method is very helpful in the follow-up of tumor patients.
Chemical activation of divergent protein tyrosine phosphatase domains with cyanine-based biarsenicals
Authors: Plaman Bailey A. , Chan Wai Cheung , Bishop Anthony C.
Published: November 2019

Strategies for the direct chemical activation of specific signaling proteins could provide powerful tools for interrogating cellular signal transduction. However, targeted protein activation is chemically challenging, and few broadly applicable activation strategies for signaling enzymes have been developed. Here we report that classical protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) domains from multiple subfamilies can be systematically sensitized to target-specific activation by the cyanine-based biarsenical compounds AsCy3 and AsCy5. Engineering of the activatable PTPs (actPTPs) is achieved by the introduction of three cysteine residues within a conserved loop of the PTP domain, and the positions of the sensitizing mutations are readily identifiable from primary sequence alignments. In the current study we have generated and characterized actPTP domains from three different subfamilies of both receptor and non-receptor PTPs. Biarsenical-induced stimulation of the actPTPs is rapid and dose-dependent, and is operative with both purified enzymes and complex proteomic mixtures. Our results suggest that a substantial fraction of the classical PTP family will be compatible with the act-engineering approach, which provides a novel chemical-biological tool for the control of PTP activity and the study of PTP function.
Athena: Automated Tuning of k-mer based Genomic Error Correction Algorithms using Language Models
Authors: Abdallah Mustafa , Mahgoub Ashraf , Ahmed Hany , Chaterji Somali
Published: November 2019

The performance of most error-correction (EC) algorithms that operate on genomics reads is dependent on the proper choice of its configuration parameters, such as the value of k in k-mer based techniques. In this work, we target the problem of finding the best values of these configuration parameters to optimize error correction and consequently improve genome assembly. We perform this in an adaptive manner, adapted to different datasets and to EC tools, due to the observation that different configuration parameters are optimal for different datasets, i.e., from different platforms and species, and vary with the EC algorithm being applied. We use language modeling techniques from the Natural Language Processing (NLP) domain in our algorithmic suite, Athena, to automatically tune the performance-sensitive configuration parameters. Through the use of N-Gram and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) language modeling, we validate the intuition that the EC performance can be computed quantitatively and efficiently using the “perplexity” metric, repurposed from NLP. After training the language model, we show that the perplexity metric calculated from a sample of the test (or production) data has a strong negative correlation with the quality of error correction of erroneous NGS reads. Therefore, we use the perplexity metric to guide a hill climbing-based search, converging toward the best configuration parameter value. Our approach is suitable for both de novo and comparative sequencing (resequencing), eliminating the need for a reference genome to serve as the ground truth. We find that Athena can automatically find the optimal value of k with a very high accuracy for 7 real datasets and using 3 different k-mer based EC algorithms, Lighter, Blue, and Racer. The inverse relation between the perplexity metric and alignment rate exists under all our tested conditions—for real and synthetic datasets, for all kinds of sequencing errors (insertion, deletion, and substitution), and for high and low error rates. The absolute value of that correlation is at least 73%. In our experiments, the best value of k found by Athena achieves an alignment rate within 0.53% of the oracle best value of k found through brute force searching (i.e., scanning through the entire range of k values). Athena’s selected value of k lies within the top-3 best k values using N-Gram models and the top-5 best k values using RNN models With best parameter selection by Athena, the assembly quality (NG50) is improved by a Geometric Mean of 4.72X across the 7 real datasets.
Therapeutic administration of Tregitope-Human Albumin Fusion with Insulin Peptides to promote Antigen-Specific Adaptive Tolerance Induction
Authors: De Groot Anne S. , Skowron Gail , White James Robert , Boyle Christine , Richard Guilhem , Serreze David , Martin William D.
Published: November 2019

Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease that is associated with effector T cell (Teff) destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta-islet cells. Among the therapies being evaluated for T1D is the restoration of regulatory T cell (Treg) activity, specifically directed toward down-modulation of beta-islet antigen-specific T effector cells. This is also known as antigen-specific adaptive tolerance induction for T1D (T1D ASATI). Tregitopes (T regulatory cell epitopes) are natural T cell epitopes derived from immunoglobulin G (IgG) that were identified in 2008 and have been evaluated in several autoimmune disease models. In the T1D ASATI studies presented here, Tregitope peptides were administered to non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice at the onset of diabetes within two clinically-relevant delivery systems (liposomes and in human serum albumin [HSA]-fusion products) in combination with preproinsulin (PPI) target antigen peptides. The combination of Tregitope-albumin fusions and PPI peptides reduced the incidence of severe diabetes and reversed mild diabetes, over 49 days of treatment and observation. Combining HSA-Tregitope fusions with PPI peptides is a promising ASATI approach for therapy of T1D.
Climatic, physical, and biogeochemical changes drive rapid oxygen loss and recovery in a marine ecosystem
Authors: Wilson Jesse , Ucharm Gerda , Beman J. Michael
Published: November 2019

Dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations shape the biogeochemistry and ecological structure of aquatic ecosystems; as a result, understanding how and why DO varies in space and time is of fundamental importance. Using high-resolution, in situ DO time-series collected over the course of a year in a novel marine ecosystem (Jellyfish Lake, Palau), we show that DO declined throughout the marine lake and subsequently recovered in the upper water column. These shifts were accompanied by variations in water temperature and were correlated to changes in wind, precipitation, and especially sea surface height that occurred during the 2015–2016 El Niño-Southern Oscillation event. Multiple approaches used to calculate rates of community respiration, net community production, and gross primary production from DO changes showed that DO consumption and production did not accelerate nor collapse; instead, their variance increased during lake deoxygenation and recovery, and then stabilized. Spatial and temporal variations in rates were significantly related to climatic variability and changes in DO, and causality testing indicated that these relationships were both correlative and causative. Our data indicate that climatic, physical, and biogeochemical properties and processes collectively regulated DO, producing linked feedbacks that drove DO decline and recovery.
Antarctic sponges from the Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea) host a diversified bacterial community
Authors: Savoca Serena , Lo Giudice Angelina , Papale Maria , Mangano Santina , Caruso Consolazione , Spanò Nunziacarla , Michaud Luigi , Rizzo Carmen
Published: November 2019

Sponges represent important habitats for a community of associated (micro)organisms. Even if sponges dominate vast areas of the Antarctic shelves, few investigations have been performed on Antarctic sponge-associated bacteria. Using a culture-dependent approach, the composition of the bacterial communities associated with 14 Antarctic sponge species from different sites within the Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea) area was analyzed. Overall, isolates were mainly affiliated to Gammaproteobacteria, followed by Actinobacteria and CF group of Bacteroidetes, being the generaPseudoalteromonas,ArthrobacterandGillisiapredominant, respectively. Alphaproteobacteria and Firmicutes were less represented. Cluster analyses highlighted similarities/differences among the sponge-associated bacterial communities, also in relation to the sampling site. The gammaproteobacterialPseudoalteromonassp. SER45,Psychrobactersp. SER48, andShewanellasp. SER50, and the actinobacterialArthrobactersp. SER44 phylotypes occurred in association with almost all the analyzed sponge species. However, except for SER50, these phylotypes were retrieved also in seawater, indicating that they may be transient within the sponge body. The differences encountered within the bacterial communities may depend on the different sites of origin, highlighting the importance of the habitat in structuring the composition of the associated bacterial assemblages. Our data support the hypothesis of specific ecological interactions between bacteria and Porifera.
Metabolic acidosis is associated with pulse wave velocity in chronic kidney disease: Results from the KNOW-CKD Study
Authors: Kim Hyo Jin , Kang Eunjeong , Ryu Hyunjin , Han Miyeun , Lee Kyu-Beck , Kim Yong-Soo , Sung Suah , Ahn Curie , Oh Kook-Hwan
Published: November 2019

Metabolic acidosis is common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and may have various deleterious consequences. Arterial stiffness in CKD patients is associated with poor cardiovascular outcomes. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between serum bicarbonate and arterial stiffness using the baseline cross-sectional data set of a large-scale Korean CKD cohort. 2,238 CKD patients were enrolled in the KoreaN Cohort Study for Outcome in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease (KNOW-CKD) from 2011 to 2016. The present study was conducted on 1,659 patients included in this cohort with baseline serum bicarbonate and brachial-to-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) data. Metabolic acidosis was defined as a serum bicarbonate level of <22 mmol/L, and baPWV was used as a surrogate of arterial stiffness. Mean serum bicarbonate was 25.8 ± 3.6 mmol/L. 210 (12.7%) patients had metabolic acidosis. baPWV was significantly higher in patients with metabolic acidosis (P < 0.001) and showed a significant inverse correlation with serum bicarbonate (Unstandardized β −16.0 cm/sec; 95% CI −20.5, −11.4; P < 0.001) in an unadjusted model, which was retained after adjustment (Unstandardized β −5.4 cm/sec; 95% CI −9.9, −1.0; P = 0.017). Metabolic acidosis was found to be associated with a high baPWV in pre-dialysis CKD patients.
The Combined Strategy for iron uptake is not exclusive to domesticated rice (Oryza sativa)
Authors: Wairich Andriele , de Oliveira Ben Hur Neves , Arend Ezequiel Barth , Duarte Guilherme Leitão , Ponte Lucas Roani , Sperotto Raul Antonio , Ricachenevsky Felipe Klein , Fett Janette Palma
Published: November 2019

Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient that is frequently inaccessible to plants. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants employ the Combined Strategy for Fe uptake, which is composed by all features of Strategy II, common to all Poaceae species, and some features of Strategy I, common to non-Poaceae species. To understand the evolution of Fe uptake mechanisms, we analyzed the root transcriptomic response to Fe deficiency in O. sativa and its wild progenitor O. rufipogon. We identified 622 and 2,017 differentially expressed genes in O. sativa and O. rufipogon, respectively. Among the genes up-regulated in both species, we found Fe transporters associated with Strategy I, such as IRT1, IRT2 and NRAMP1; and genes associated with Strategy II, such as YSL15 and IRO2. In order to evaluate the conservation of these Strategies among other Poaceae, we identified the orthologs of these genes in nine species from the Oryza genus, maize and sorghum, and evaluated their expression profile in response to low Fe condition. Our results indicate that the Combined Strategy is not specific to O. sativa as previously proposed, but also present in species of the Oryza genus closely related to domesticated rice, and originated around the same time the AA genome lineage within Oryza diversified. Therefore, adaptation to Fe2+ acquisition via IRT1 in flooded soils precedes O. sativa domestication.
Naturally-primed life strategy plasticity of dimorphic Aethionema arabicum facilitates optimal habitat colonization
Authors: Bhattacharya Samik , Sperber Katja , Özüdoğru Barış , Leubner-Metzger Gerhard , Mummenhoff Klaus
Published: November 2019

Plasticity in plant dispersal traits can maximise the ability of a plant species to survive in stressful environments during colonization.Aethionema arabicum(Brassicaceae) is a dimorphic annual species that is hypothesized to survive stressful conditions during colonization due to adaptive plasticity in life-phase (vegetative vs sexual) and fruit morph (dehiscent [DEH] vs indehiscent fruits [IND]). We tested for adaptive plasticity in life-phase and fruit morphs along laboratory environmental stress gradients found in the natural habitats ofAe. arabicum. We considered optimal environmental conditions (750–2000 m above sea level) to be those that resulted in the following fitness parameters: higher biomass and a higher total number of fruits compared to stressful habitats. We found evidence of plasticity in life-phase and fruit-morph along a stressful environmental gradient. High hydrothermal stress proportionally increased the number of dehiscent morphs and non-dormant seeds germinating in autumn. This offsets natural phenology towards dry and cold winter (less hydrothermal stress), yielding fewer fruits that dehisce in the next generation. We conclude that the plastic responses ofAe. arabicumto natural stress gradients constitute a strategy of long-term adaptive benefits and favouring potential pathways of colonisation of the optimal habitat.
Feed intake of the sow and playful creep feeding of piglets influence piglet behaviour and performance before and after weaning
Authors: Middelkoop Anouschka , Costermans Natasja , Kemp Bas , Bolhuis J. Elizabeth
Published: November 2019

Creep feed intake is variable and may be partly homeostatically and exploratory driven. We studied effects of maternal feed restriction and a ‘play-feeder’ on piglet behaviour and performance. 37 Litters received creep feed in a conventional (CON) or play-feeder (PL) and their sows were full-fed (FF) or restrictedly-fed (RES). Eaters were determined via rectal swabs. At weaning (d24) four piglets from the same treatment were grouped (n = 36 pens). RES hindered piglet growth by 41 g/d and enhanced time eating, creep feed intake and percentage of eaters at weaning versus FF. RES-PL had the largest proportion of moderate and good eaters. PL stimulated feeder exploration and attracted more piglets to the feeder than CON. Post-weaning, RES increased exploratory behaviours, feed intake between d0–5, and growth between d0–2, and reduced body lesions between d0–2 (within CON), drinking and ear biting. PL increased ingestive behaviours, feed intake and growth between d0–15, and BW at d15 post-weaning by 5%. PL also lowered the prevalence of watery diarrhoea, number of body lesions and piglets with ear (within FF) and tail (within RES) damage at d15 post-weaning. Treatments did not affect FCR. To conclude, RES and particularly PL (broader and for longer) result in less weaning-associated-problems.
Surface stabilized atorvastatin nanocrystals with improved bioavailability, safety and antihyperlipidemic potential
Authors: Sharma Manu , Mehta Isha
Published: November 2019

Atorvastatin, a favored option for hyperlipidemia exhibits the problem of poor gastric solubility and low absolute bioavailability (12%) along with higher pre-systemic clearance (>80%). Therefore, to circumvent these limitations, atorvastatin nanocrystals were prepared using poloxamer-188 as stabilizer via high pressure homogenization technique followed by lyophilization. Various variables like drug to poloxamer-188 ratio, homogenization cycle, homogenization pressure, type and concentration of cryoprotectant were optimized to achieve uniform nanosized crystals with good dispersibility. Solid state characterization by ATR-FTIR and DSC revealed no incompatible physicochemical interaction between drug and excipients in formulation while DSC and PXRD collectively corroborated the reduced crystallinity of drug in nanocrystals. Size analysis and SEM confirmed nanometric size range of nanocrystals (225.43 ± 24.36 nm). Substantial improvement in gastric solubility (~40 folds) and dissolution rate of drug in nanocrystals was observed. Pharmacokinetic study in wistar rats revealed significant improvement in oral bioavailability (~2.66 folds) with atorvastatin nanocrystals compared to pure drug. Furthermore, reduction in serum total lipid cholesterol, LDL and triglyceride content justified the effectiveness of formulation at 50% less dose of atorvastatin along with improved plasma safety profile in comparison of pure drug. In conclusion, atorvastatin nanocrystals are safe and efficacious drug delivery system confirming potent competence in treatment of hyperlipidemic conditions with ease of scalability for commercialization.
Closing the Loop of Satellite Soil Moisture Estimation via Scale Invariance of Hydrologic Simulations
Authors: Mascaro Giuseppe , Ko Ara , Vivoni Enrique R.
Published: November 2019

Surface soil moisture plays a crucial role on the terrestrial water, energy, and carbon cycles. Characterizing its variability in space and time is critical to increase our capability to forecast extreme weather events, manage water resources, and optimize agricultural practices. Global estimates of surface soil moisture are provided by satellite sensors, but at coarse spatial resolutions. Here, we show that the resolution of satellite soil moisture products can be increased to scales representative of ground measurements by reproducing the scale invariance properties of soil moisture derived from hydrologic simulations at hyperresolutions of less than 100 m. Specifically, we find that surface soil moisture is scale invariant over regimes extending from a satellite footprint to 100 m. We use this evidence to calibrate a statistical downscaling algorithm that reproduces the scale invariance properties of soil moisture and test the approach against 1-km aircraft remote sensing products and through comparisons of downscaled satellite products to ground observations. We demonstrate that hyperresolution hydrologic models can close the loop of satellite soil moisture downscaling for local applications such as agricultural irrigation, flood event prediction, and drought and fire management.
Production of reactive species in alginate hydrogels for cold atmospheric plasma-based therapies
Authors: Labay Cédric , Hamouda Inès , Tampieri Francesco , Ginebra Maria-Pau , Canal Cristina
Published: November 2019

In the last years, great advances have been made in therapies based in cold atmospheric plasmas (CAP). CAP generate reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) which can be transferred to liquids. These CAP activated liquids display the same biological efficacy (i.e. on killing cancer cells) as CAP themselves, opening the door for minimally invasive therapies. However, injection of a liquid in the body results in fast diffusion due to extracellular fluids and blood flow. Therefore, the development of efficient vehicles which allow local confinement and delivery of RONS to the diseased site is a fundamental requirement. In this work, we investigate the generation of RONS (H2O2, NO2−, short-lived RONS) in alginate hydrogels by comparing two atmospheric pressure plasma jets: kINPen and a helium needle, at a range of plasma treatment conditions (time, gas flow, distance to the sample). The physic-chemical properties of the hydrogels remain unchanged by the plasma treatment, while the hydrogel shows several-fold larger capacity for generation of RONS than a typical isotonic saline solution. Part of the RONS are quickly released to a receptor media, so special attention has to be put on the design of hydrogels within-situcrosslinking. Remarkably, the hydrogels show capacity for sustained release of the RONS. The plasma-treated hydrogels remain fully biocompatible (due the fact that the species generated by plasma are previously washed away), indicating that no cytotoxic modifications have occurred on the polymer. Moreover, the RONS generated in alginate solutions showed cytotoxic potential towards bone cancer cells. These results open the door for the use of hydrogel-based biomaterials in CAP-associated therapies.
Physiological and economic benefits of abandoning invasive surgical procedures and enhancing animal welfare in swine production
Authors: Morgan Liat , Itin-Shwartz Beata , Koren Lee , Meyer Jerrold S. , Matas Devorah , Younis Ahmad , Novak Shiri , Weizmann Nathalie , Rapaic Olja , Abu Ahmad Weissam , Klement Eyal , Raz Tal
Published: November 2019

Food-animal welfare is a major ethical and social concern. Pork is the most consumed meat worldwide, with over a billion pigs slaughtered annually. Most of these pigs routinely undergo painful surgical procedures (surgical castration, tail docking, teeth clipping), which farmers often reluctant to avoid, claiming it would increase cost and reduce production efficiency. Herein, this study indicates that these procedures compromise pigs’ health and condition. Replacing surgical castration with immunocastration, avoiding tail docking and teeth clipping, and providing environmental enrichment, resulted in significant increase in weight gain, lowered risks for injuries and death, and reduced saliva and hair cortisol, both biomarkers for stress. Testosterone and DHEA analyses confirmed that immunocastration was an effective alternative to surgical castration. Economic models for the entire US swine market revealed that following across-the-board acceptance of this management, pork meat price is expected to drop, while the total annual social welfare (combined consumer and producer surplus) is expected to increase by $US 1.48 to 1.92 billion. In conclusion, sustainable swine farming management can be beneficial for both animals and farmers. Applying such welfare-friendly management is expected to reduce stress, enhance piglet/pig welfare and production, and improve the economics of swine operations in the global agro-food system.
Fat cadherins in mouse models of degenerative ataxias
Authors: Baron Olga , Grieshober Denise , Dias Catarina , Fanto Manolis
Published: November 2019

Autophagy is a lysosomal degradation pathway that plays an essential role in neuronal homeostasis and is perturbed in many neurological diseases. Transcriptional downregulation of fat was previously observed in a Drosophila model of the polyglutamine disease Dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) and this was shown to be partially responsible for autophagy defects and neurodegeneration. However, it is still unclear whether a downregulation of mammalian Fat orthologues is associated with neurodegeneration in mice. We hereby show that all four Fat orthologues are transcriptionally downregulated in the cerebellum in a mouse model of DRPLA. To elucidate the possible roles of single Fat genes, this study concentrates on Fat3. This fat homologue is shown to be the most widely expressed in the brain. Conditional knockout (KO) of Fat3 in brains of adult mice was attempted using the inducible Thy1Cre(ERT2) SLICK H line. Behavioral and biochemical analysis revealed that mice with conditional KO of Fat3 in the brain display no abnormalities. This may be ascribed either to the limited efficiency of the KO strategy pursued or to the lack of effect of Fat3 KO on autophagy.
Structural analysis of human SEPHS2 protein, a selenocysteine machinery component, over-expressed in triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Nunziata Carmine , Polo Andrea , Sorice Angela , Capone Francesca , Accardo Marina , Guerriero Eliana , Marino Federica Zito , Orditura Michele , Budillon Alfredo , Costantini Susan
Published: November 2019

Selenophosphate synthetase 2 (SEPHS2) synthesizes selenide and ATP into selenophosphate, the selenium donor for selenocysteine (Sec), which is cotranslationally incorporated into selenoproteins. The action and regulatory mechanisms of SEPHS2 as well as its role in carcinogenesis (especially breast cancer) remain ambiguous and need further clarification. Therefore, lacking an experimentally determined structure for SEPHS2, we first analyzed the physicochemical properties of its sequence, modeled its three-dimensional structure and studied its conformational behavior to identify the key residues (named HUB nodes) responsible for protein stability and to clarify the molecular mechanisms by which it induced its function. Bioinformatics analysis evidenced higher amplification frequencies of SEPHS2 in breast cancer than in other cancer types. Therefore, because triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is biologically the most aggressive breast cancer subtype and its treatment represents a challenge due to the absence of well-defined molecular targets, we evaluated SEPHS2 expression in two TNBC cell lines and patient samples. We demonstrated mRNA and protein overexpression to be correlated with aggressiveness and malignant tumor grade, suggesting that this protein could potentially be considered a prognostic marker and/or therapeutic target for TNBC.
Author Correction: Novel Imidazole and Methoxybenzylamine Growth Inhibitors Affecting Salmonella Cell Envelope Integrity and its Persistence in Chickens
Authors: Deblais Loïc , Helmy Yosra A. , Kathayat Dipak , Huang Huang-chi , Miller Sally A. , Rajashekara Gireesh
Published: November 2019

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: Evaluation of dental arch dimensions in 12 year-old Vietnamese children - A cross-sectional study of 4565 subjects
Authors: Dung Truong Manh , Ngoc Vo Truong Nhu , Hiep Nguyen Hung , Khoi Truong Dinh , Xiem Vu Van , Chu-Dinh Thien , Cieslar-Pobuda Artur , Stoufi Eleana , Show Pau Loke , Tao Yang , Bac Nguyen Duy , Ba Nguyen Van , Le Quynh-Anh , Pham Van-Huy , Chu Dinh-Toi
Published: November 2019

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Understanding charge compensation mechanisms in Na0.56Mg0.04Ni0.19Mn0.70O2
Authors: Ma Le Anh , Massel Felix , Naylor Andrew J. , Duda Laurent-C. , Younesi Reza
Published: November 2019

Sodium-ion batteries have become a potential alternative to Li-ion batteries due to the abundance of sodium resources. Sodium-ion cathode materials have been widely studied with particular focus on layered oxide lithium analogues. Generally, the capacity is limited by the redox processes of transition metals. Recently, however, the redox participation of oxygen gained a lot of research interest. Here the Mg-doped cathode material P2-Na0.56Mg0.04Ni0.19Mn0.70O2 is studied, which is shown to exhibit a good capacity (ca. 120 mAh/g) and high average operating voltage (ca. 3.5 V vs. Na+/Na). Due to the Mg-doping, the material exhibits a reversible phase transition above 4.3 V, which is attractive in terms of lifetime stability. In this study, we combine X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering spectroscopy techniques to shed light on both, cationic and anionic contributions towards charge compensation.
Vectorial dispersive shock waves in optical fibers
Authors: Nuño J. , Finot C. , Xu G. , Millot G. , Erkintalo M. , Fatome J.
Published: November 2019

Dispersive shock waves are a universal phenomenon encountered in many fields of science, ranging from fluid dynamics, Bose-Einstein condensates and geophysics. It has been established that light behaves as a perfect fluid when propagating in an optical medium exhibiting a weakly self-defocusing nonlinearity. Consequently, this analogy has become attractive for the exploration of dispersive shock wave phenomena. Here, we observe of a novel class of vectorial dispersive shock waves in nonlinear fiber optics. Analogous to blast-waves, identified in inviscid perfect fluids, vectorial dispersive shock waves are triggered by a non-uniform double piston imprinted on a continuous-wave probe via nonlinear cross-phase modulation, produced by an orthogonally-polarized pump pulse. The nonlinear phase potential imparted on the probe results in the formation of an expanding zone of zero intensity surrounded by two repulsive oscillating fronts, which move away from each other with opposite velocities.
Capillary electrophoresis coupled to MALDI mass spectrometry imaging with large volume sample stacking injection for improved coverage of C. borealis neuropeptidome
Authors: DeLaney Kellen , Li Lingjun
Published: November 2019

This work reports on a capillary electrophoresis (CE) separation method coupled to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry (MS) imaging for improved neuropeptide coverage in the model organism Cancer borealis.
1H NMR determination of 1,3-dicyclohexylurea, glutaric acid and triethylamine in medical four-arm poly(ethylene glycol)-N-hydroxysuccinimide-glutarate for better quality control
Authors: Li Fei-Fei , Liu Hui-Xiang , Zhang Yan-Li , Wang Shu-Qi
Published: November 2019

Simultaneous determination of 1,3-dicyclohexylurea, glutaric acid and triethylamine by 1H NMR spectroscopy for established quality control standards for residues in polymer materials.
The nanostructured secretome
Authors: Busatto S. , Zendrini A. , Radeghieri A. , Paolini L. , Romano M. , Presta M. , Bergese P.
Published: November 2019

The term secretome should be expanded to also include the great variety of nanoparticles secreted by cells into the extracellular space, which ranges from lipoproteins of a few nanometers to extracellular vesicles of hundreds of nanometers.
Dynamic host–guest interaction enables autonomous single molecule blinking and super-resolution imaging
Authors: Sasmal Ranjan , Das Saha Nilanjana , Schueder Florian , Joshi Divyesh , Sheeba Vasu , Jungmann Ralf , Agasti Sarit S.
Published: November 2019

Specific yet dynamic interaction in cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) system was used to obtain programmable fluorescence blinking with necessary brightness and frequency to enable two-dimensional (2D) and 3D super-resolution imaging of proteins in cells.
An intramolecular Heck reaction of enol ethers involving β-alkoxyl elimination followed by the β-hydride elimination process: access to (Z)-ortho-formyl/keto-cinnamates
Authors: Sun Manman , Wu Haibo , Wu Haijian , Wang Zhiming
Published: November 2019

A highly regio- and stereoselective intramolecular Heck reaction of enol ethers involving β-alkoxyl elimination followed by the β-hydride elimination process has been developed.
A biomimetic self-assembled cobaloxime@CdS/rGO hybrid for boosting photocatalytic H2 production
Authors: Hu Jun-Chao , Sun Shanshan , Li Ming-De , Xia Wu , Wu Jin , Liu Hongfang , Wang Feng
Published: November 2019

A biomimetic CoPe@CdS/rGO hybrid that self-assembles via the integration of a molecular cobalt catalyst and CdS nano-semiconductor on reduced graphene oxide was constructed for boosting photocatalytic H2 production.
Enhancement of the supercapacitive properties of laser deposited graphene-based electrodes through carbon nanotube loading and nitrogen doping
Authors: Pérez del Pino Ángel , Rodríguez López Marta , Ramadan Mohamed Ahmed , García Lebière Pablo , Logofatu Constantin , Martínez-Rovira Immaculada , Yousef Ibraheem , György Enikö
Published: November 2019

Laser-deposited graphene-based electrodes for supercapacitors show significant improvement of capacitance after loading with carbon nanotubes and nitrogen doping. Several electrochemical mechanisms act in the charge storage process.
Transition from exohedral to endohedral geometries of anionic and neutral B4Sin (n = 4–15) clusters: quantum chemical calculations
Authors: Lu Sheng-Jie
Published: November 2019

B4Si14− and B4Si15 sizes are critical for forming B4-endohedral structures for anionic and neutral clusters, respectively. B4Si14− adopts a tetracapped B4-endohedral pentagonal prism and B4Si15 neutral is a pentacapped B4-endohedral pentagonal prism.
A semiconducting supramolecular Co(ii)-metallohydrogel: an efficient catalyst for single-pot aryl–S bond formation at room temperature
Authors: Dhibar Subhendu , Dey Amiya , Jana Rajkumar , Chatterjee Arpita , Das Gourab Kanti , Ray Partha Pratim , Dey Biswajit
Published: November 2019

A monoethanolamine based Co(ii)-metallohydrogel can act as a Schottky barrier diode device and a catalyst for single-pot aryl–S bond formation at room temperature.
Supermetal: SbF5-mediated methane oxidation occurs by C–H activation and isobutane oxidation occurs by hydride transfer
Authors: King Clinton R. , Holdaway Ashley , Durrant George , Wheeler Josh , Suaava Lorna , Konnick Michael M. , Periana Roy A. , Ess Daniel H.
Published: November 2019

SbVF5 is generally assumed to oxidize methane through a methanium-to-methyl cation mechanism.
Superfine CoNi alloy embedded in Al2O3 nanosheets for efficient tandem catalytic reduction of nitroaromatic compounds by ammonia borane
Authors: Cheng Sihang , Liu Yanchun , Zhao Yingnan , Zhao Xinyu , Lang Zhongling , Tan Huaqiao , Qiu Tianyu , Wang Yonghui
Published: November 2019

Tunable CoxNi1−x/Al2O3 nanocatalysts have been prepared and used for the efficient tandem catalytic dehydrogenation of ammonia borane and hydrogenation of nitroaromatics.
Synthesis, characterisation and influence of lipophilicity on cellular accumulation and cytotoxicity of unconventional platinum(iv) prodrugs as potent anticancer agents
Authors: Deo Krishant M. , Sakoff Jennette , Gilbert Jayne , Zhang Yingjie , Aldrich Wright Janice R.
Published: November 2019

Unconventional lipophilic Pt(iv) complexes exhibited enhanced cellular accumulation compared to their hydrophilic Pt(iv) precursors, however no clear correlation was observed between increasing lipophilicity, cellular accumulation and cytotoxicity.
Use of a switchable-hydrophilicity solvent as both a solvent and a catalyst in aldol condensation
Authors: Poole Hailey , Gauthier Jeremy , Vanderveen Jesse R. , Jessop Philip G. , Lee Roland
Published: November 2019

CO2 switchable N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine was used as both a recyclable catalyst and solvent for aldol condensation, giving good to excellent yields.
In situ anchoring of a Co3O4 nanowire on nickel foam: an outstanding bifunctional catalyst for energy-saving simultaneous reactions
Authors: Zhou Zhenqiang , Chen Chunlin , Gao Minrui , Xia Bowen , Zhang Jian
Published: November 2019

Bifunctional CoNW/NF as an efficient and monolithic electrocatalyst for simultaneous electrooxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and the hydrogen evolution reaction.
Selective hydrogenation of 5-HMF to 2,5-DMF over a magnetically recoverable non-noble metal catalyst
Authors: Solanki Bhanupratap Singh , Rode Chandrashekhar V.
Published: November 2019

A non-noble bimetallic catalyst Cu–Fe (1 : 2) was magnetically recoverable, highly selective and efficient for 5-(hydroxymethyl) furfural (5-HMF) hydrogenation to 2,5-dimethyl furan (DMF).
A biocatalyst for sustainable wax ester production: re-wiring lipid accumulation inRhodococcusto yield high-value oleochemicals
Authors: Round James W. , Roccor Raphael , Eltis Lindsay D.
Published: November 2019

Lipid accumulation inRhodococcus jostiiRHA1 was re-wired through heterologous pathway engineering to create an industrially-viable biocatalyst for the sustainable production of high-value wax esters.
Efficient separation of immiscible oil/water mixtures using a perforated lotus leaf
Authors: Zhang Chunhui , Zhang Yuheng , Xiao Xiao , Liu Guoliang , Xu Zhe , Wang Bing , Yu Cunming , Ras Robin H. A. , Jiang Lei
Published: November 2019

After mechanical punching, a lotus leaf, which is easily obtained and eco-friendly, shows great applicability for oil/water separation in an environmentally benign manner.
Wound dressing change facilitated by spraying zinc ions
Authors: Xie Tian , Ding Jie , Han Xiaoxu , Jia Huizhen , Yang Yang , Liang Shuang , Wang Wenxin , Liu Wenguang , Wang Wei
Published: November 2019

It is a tough task in clinic to remove and refuel the dressing. Therefore, we have explored a bioinspired dressing which can be swiftly detached from wound beds and rapidly strengthened during the dressing change procedures.
pH-controlled growth of triangular silver nanoprisms on a large scale
Authors: Zhang Zhishan , Yu Ji , Zhang Jianhui , Lian Yadong , Shi Zeyu , Cheng Zimo , Gu Min
Published: November 2019

A simple, mild, and reproducible one-pot approach was developed to synthesize triangular silver nanoprisms (TSNPRs) on a large scale.
Synthesis of gypsogenin and gypsogenic acid derivatives with antitumor activity by damaging cell membranes
Authors: Wu Guiying , Chu Haiping , Wang Jilei , Mu Yanling , Sun Jingyong
Published: November 2019

Forty-five gypsogenin and gypsogenic acid derivatives were synthesized and screened for their cytotoxic activities.
Total synthesis of (−)-aplaminal by Buchwald–Hartwig cross-coupling of an aminal
Authors: Ohyoshi Takayuki , Akemoto Kei , Taniguchi Ayaka , Ishihara Takuma , Kigoshi Hideo
Published: November 2019

The concise total synthesis of an unusual alkaloid, aplaminal, has been accomplished.
Catalytic properties of graphene oxide/palladium composites as a function of the fabrication method
Authors: Khannanov Artur , Il'yasov Ildar , Kiiamov Airat , Vakhitov Iskander , Kirgizov Alexey , Lamberov Alexander , Dimiev Ayrat M.
Published: November 2019

In this work, we used a two-step synthetic procedure to prepare palladium nanoparticles (Pd-NP) on a graphenic support by impregnating graphene oxide (GO) with Pd(ii) ions with subsequent thermal or chemical reduction of palladium.
Surface structural phase transition induced by the formation of metal–organic networks on the Si(111)--In surface
Authors: Suzuki T. , Lawrence J. , Morbec J. M. , Kratzer P. , Costantini G.
Published: November 2019

We studied the adsorption of 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) on the Si(111)--In surface, a known surface superconductor.
Organocatalytic enantioselective aminoalkylation of pyrazol-3-ones with aldimines generated in situ from α-amido sulfones
Authors: Carceller-Ferrer Laura , Vila Carlos , Blay Gonzalo , Fernández Isabel , Muñoz M. Carmen , Pedro José R.
Published: November 2019

Herein, an efficient asymmetric aminoalkylation of pyrazolones with α-amido sulfones catalyzed by a quinine-derived squaramide in dichloromethane/aqueous media has been established.
UV light promoted ‘Metal’/‘Additive’-free oxidation of alcohols: investigating the role of alcohols as electron donors
Authors: Walia Preet Kamal , Sharma Manik , Kumar Manoj , Bhalla Vandana
Published: November 2019

The present study demonstrates the important role of alcohols themselves as electron donors for their oxidative transformations to the corresponding carbonyl compounds in the absence of any metal/oxidant and external photosensitizer.
Enhanced removal of chromium(vi) by Fe(iii)-reducing bacterium coated ZVI for wastewater treatment: batch and column experiments
Authors: Zheng Bin , Ye Yizi , Hu Baowei , Luo Chunhui , Zhu Yuling
Published: November 2019

To effectively destroy the structure of the passive oxidation film covering zero-valent iron (ZVI), an Fe(iii)-reducing strain, Morganella sp., was isolated from anaerobic activated sludge and coated on the ZVI.
Blue light photoredox-catalysed acetalation of alkynyl bromides
Authors: Lyu Xue-Li , Huang Shi-Sheng , Song Hong-Jian , Liu Yu-Xiu , Wang Qing-Min
Published: November 2019

Herein, we report an organo-photoredox-based protocol using 2,2-diethoxyacetic acid as the acetal source to achieve acetalation of alkynyl bromides to afford various alkynyl acetal products.
A strained alkyne-containing bipyridine reagent; synthesis, reactivity and fluorescence properties
Authors: Forshaw Sam , Knighton Richard C. , Reber Jami , Parker Jeremy S. , Chmel Nikola P. , Wills Martin
Published: November 2019

A bipyridyl reagent containing a strained alkyne 7, reacts with benzyl azide to give a significantly more flexible product 10 and an increase in fluorescence is observed. Upon addition of Zn(ii), the fluorescence is enhanced further.
High frequency, calibration-free molecular measurements in situ in the living body
Authors: Li Hui , Li Shaoguang , Dai Jun , Li Chengcheng , Zhu Man , Li Hongxing , Lou Xiaoding , Xia Fan , Plaxco Kevin W.
Published: November 2019

Dual-reporter, electrochemical aptamer-based (E-AB) sensors achieve calibration-free measurement of multiple specific molecules in situ in the living body.
MnO/C cubo-polyhedrons derived from α-MnO2@ZIF-8 as anode materials for high-performance lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Lin Ye , Zhang Lei , Xiao Jiaoyu , Liu Hongdong
Published: November 2019

In this work, MnO/C cubo-polyhedrons were successfully constructed with carbonizing α-MnO2@ZIF-8 precursors synthesized using sea urchin shaped α-MnO2 microspheres as a template.
Carbon-based photocatalysts for enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to solar fuels
Authors: Kandy Mufeedah Muringa
Published: November 2019

The figure illustrates the potential of various carbon-based photocatalysts as conducting supports for enhanced photocatalytic reduction of CO2.
Actin shells control buckling and wrinkling of biomembranes
Authors: Kusters Remy , Simon Camille , Lopes Dos Santos Rogério , Caorsi Valentina , Wu Sangsong , Joanny Jean-Francois , Sens Pierre , Sykes Cecile
Published: November 2019

Compression of membrane–actin cell mimics generates buckling and wrinkling depending on actin thickness.
Highly stable Pt3Ni nanowires tailored with trace Au for the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Wu Zhifu , Su Ya-Qiong , Hensen Emiel J. M. , Tian Xinlong , You Chenghang , Xu Qin
Published: November 2019

The stability of Pt3Ni nanowires can be greatly enhanced by decoration with trace Au.
Enhanced performance of ternary organic solar cells with a wide bandgap acceptor as the third component
Authors: Huang He , Li Xiaojun , Chen Shanshan , Qiu Beibei , Du Jiaqi , Meng Lei , Zhang Zhanjun , Yang Changduk , Li Yongfang
Published: November 2019

Two n-type organic semiconductor (n-OS) acceptors, C8-SF and Y-MODF, were designed and synthesized for application in organic solar cells (OSCs).
A nanofluidic osmotic power generator demonstrated in polymer gel electrolytes with substantially enhanced performance
Authors: Yeh Li-Hsien , Huang Zih-Ying , Liu Yi-Cheng , Deng Ming-Jay , Chou Tzung-Han , Ou Yang Hsing-Chiao , Ahamad Tansir , Alshehri Saad M. , Wu Kevin C.-W.
Published: November 2019

A polymer gel electrolyte-based nanofluidic osmotic power generator with substantially enhanced power performance is demonstrated.
Branch-like ZnS–DETA/CdS hierarchical heterostructures as an efficient photocatalyst for visible light CO2 reduction
Authors: Su Bo , Huang Lijuan , Xiong Zhuang , Yang Yongchang , Hou Yidong , Ding Zhengxin , Wang Sibo
Published: November 2019

Branch-like ZnS–DETA/CdS hierarchical heterostructures are synthesized as an efficient photocatalyst for visible light CO2 reduction in a tandem system.
A perovskite/silicon hybrid system with a solar-to-electric power conversion efficiency of 25.5%
Authors: Zheng Likai , Wang Jilei , Xuan Yimin , Yan Mengying , Yu Xinxin , Peng Yong , Cheng Yi-Bing
Published: November 2019

Integrating IWO-based perovskite cells with ultra-low parasitic absorption and bifacial Si cells into a V-shaped system achieves an efficiency of 25.5%.