bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE GENOMIC ERA OF INSECT TAXONOMY: BIOTECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS
Authors: Pandya Nishi , Pandya Parth , Parikh Pragna
Published: June 2024

Insects, characterized by their high diversity and adaptability, play a pivotal role in insect biotechnology, addressing challenges such as identification and pest control. The integration of DNA barcoding, specifically targeting the COI gene, expedites biodiversity documentation and overcomes traditional taxonomy challenges. Biotechnological methods, including PCR and DNA sequencing, revolutionize molecular systematics, allowing for comprehensive gene analysis and a deeper understanding of insect phylogeny. Moreover, Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has transformed molecular taxonomy by enabling rapid and cost-effective whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing, facilitating an in-depth exploration of genetic diversity and evolutionary relationships in insects. Biotechnological progress has also resulted in sophisticated software tools employing computational algorithms for phylogenetic analysis. Further, metagenomics has also enhanced insect phylogenies, providing a comprehensive understanding of their evolutionary history by integrating molecular data with morphological, ecological, and behavioural information. This approach also allows for the study of insect-associated microbial communities, offering insights into co-evolution and ecological relationships. The development of gene editing tools, such as CRISPR-Cas9, has enabled the study of specific gene functions in insect phylogeny, influencing evolutionary processes through expression manipulation or mutations. Insect biotechnology, utilizing insects for agriculture, industry, and human welfare, significantly impacts bio-insecticide efficacy, medicine synthesis, and the production of various chemicals and enzymes, advancing across agricultural, medical, and industrial sectors. Thus, genetically modified (GM) insects, created by introducing new genes offer potential benefits in population suppression and replacement strategies for pest control, providing targeted solutions while minimizing harm to beneficial insects and reducing reliance on harmful insecticides.
PUBERTY IN TELEOST: BIOTECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
Authors: Dan Nehareeka , Shah Harsh , Pandya Parth
Published: June 2024

Freshwater fish make up a significant portion of the aquaculture business and are crucial to the economics of many nations. But premature or delayed puberty is one of the reasons the aquaculture industry is facing problems because of its negative consequences on growth performance, sexual behavior, and health. Different external (exogenous) and internal (endogenous) regulating mechanisms influence puberty. But the precise mechanism is still unknown. To name a few, internal factors that contribute to the onset of puberty include peptides like Neurokinin B and Kisspeptin, Leptin, miRNAs, the photoperiod hormone Melatonin, and neuroendocrine transmitters like Serotonin, Dopamine, and Gamma-aminobutyric acid and other hormones of the central reproductive axis. Understanding the mechanism would help to control the pubertal onset in fish, ultimately promoting the expansion of the aquaculture sector. Our knowledge of the underlying mechanisms is being greatly advanced by the biotechnological developments in investigating fish puberty. The biotechnological approaches like transcriptomics, genomics, CRISPR/Cas9, etc. have played a significant role in providing the information that we know today. The advancements made till now have been discussed below.
DATA SCIENCE: THE IMPACT OF MACHINE LEARNING
Authors: Gouthami G. , Siddartha Nanduru , Borugadda Dr. Premkumar
Published: June 2024

This research aims to demonstrate the significance of Machine Learning as a crucial component in facilitating the exploration and effective management of data. One notable aspect is the meticulous examination of extensive data sets, enabling the generation of valuable forecasts that may inform improved decision-making and prompt intelligent actions in real-time, without the need for human involvement. This analysis provides a comprehensive examination of many suggested frameworks in the field of Data Science, while also highlighting the significant influence of Machine Learning techniques, including algorithms, model assessment and selection, and pipeline development. In addition, I highlight any misunderstandings that may arise from disregarding the reasoning aspect of Machine Learning.
THALASSEMIA: THEIR DIAGNOSIS AND ADMINISTRATIONS
Authors: Kumar Akash , Rahul Mr.
Published: June 2024

This chapter discusses the causes, symptoms, laboratory testing, precautions, and managements and types of blood syndrome thalassemia. A decrease in the development of the alpha or beta chains of hemoglobin (Hb) brings about a heterogeneous gathering of genetic sicknesses known as thalassemias. The oxygen-conveying protein in red platelets is called hemoglobin. Two proteins — an alpha and a beta — make up this substance. The arrangement of red platelets is compromised on the off chance that the body doesn't create enough of both of these two proteins, which brings about weakness that appears in early stages and perseveres over the course of life. Subsequently thalassemia is an acquired condition, somewhere around one parent should convey the sickness' quality.
DOSAGE FORM DESIGN
Authors: Dangi Surendra , Dubey Rajni
Published: June 2024

The concept of dosage design involves determining optimal medication levels for effective treatment while minimizing potential side effects & explores the systematic development of pharmaceutical formulations to optimize drug delivery. It encompasses factors such as patient characteristics, drug properties, and therapeutic goals, emphasizing precision in administration to enhance therapeutic outcomes. The aim is to design dosage forms that ensure accurate dosing, enhance bioavailability, and improve patient compliance, thereby contributing to the overall efficacy and safety of pharmaceutical treatments.
"RECENT TRENDS IN PEDIATRIC NURSING: SHAPING THE FUTURE OF CHILD-CENTERED CARE"
Authors: Tomer Mr. Ashish
Published: June 2024

This chapter delves into the contemporary landscape of pediatric nursing, offering a comprehensive exploration of recent trends that are actively shaping the future of child-centered care. It synthesizes emerging practices, technologies, and methodologies that influence pediatric nursing, emphasizing their impact on healthcare outcomes for children. Through a critical analysis of these trends, the chapter aims to contribute valuable insights to the ongoing evolution of pediatric nursing, ultimately enhancing the quality and efficacy of care provided to pediatric patients.
TRENDS IN FORENSIC NURSING
Authors: Jose Dr. Neenumol K
Published: June 2024

This comprehensive chapter delves into the multifaceted role of forensic nursing, positioned at the intersection of healthcare and justice, as an indispensable discipline for addressing the intricate needs of individuals affected by violence, trauma, or criminal activities. Tracing its evolution from the late 19th century to the present, the narrative explores the diversification of forensic nursing into critical areas such as domestic violence, mental health assessments, human trafficking, digital forensics, child abuse, and elder abuse. Emphasizing the dynamic nature of the field, the chapter underscores the importance of practitioners staying informed to foster trust with survivors and enhance care quality. It highlights the pivotal role of researchers in contributing to evidence-based practices and advancing the global landscape of forensic nursing. The chapter underscores the significance of specialized programs like Sexual Assault Nurse Examiners (SANEs), advocating for interdisciplinary collaboration to ensure comprehensive patient care, evidence integrity, improved legal outcomes, and a trauma-informed approach. Furthermore, the narrative discusses the ethical considerations within the intersection of healthcare and justice, urging continued education, certification, research, and advocacy to navigate emerging trends such as technology integration and genomic forensics. In conclusion, the chapter portrays forensic nursing as a dynamic and essential component in the complex interface between healthcare and the legal system, addressing universal challenges and shaping the future of the field.
PHARMACOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES OF NATURAL COMPOUNDS FOR CHOLESTEROL REDUCTION
Authors: Chinnappan Sasikala , Suen Kaw Zi , Tung Kho Sin , Yee Kiew Poh , Yang Khor Cheng , Khai Lau Sheng , Ranganathan Venkatalakshmi
Published: June 2024

Plant sterols and stanols (phytosterols and stanols) are naturally present compounds found in all plant-based foods. The word Phytosterols corresponds to up to 200 various compounds. The most common present in foods is sitosterol and campesterol. Sitostanol and campestanol, their saturated constituents, are much less abundant. Plant-based oils, nuts, cereal grains, legumes, and fruits and vegetables are all good sources of phytosterols in the diet. Phytosterol glucosides have been discovered to be key structural constituents in the plasma membranes of plant cells, which are assumed to be necessary for plasma membrane enzymes and other proteins to function. It has a similar structure to cholesterol. Despite their structure being similar, the amount of absorption in the body is not the same. Phytosterols are absorbed at a rate of less than 2%, whereas cholesterol is absorbed at a rate of 30 to 60%. Phytosterols are reported to have a variety of bioactive attributes that may influence human health, which has sparked a surge of research in the last decade. The major advantage is that they lower serum cholesterol by partially inhibiting intestinal cholesterol absorption. On average, taking 2g of phytosterols per day decreases the level of cholesterol by 30 to 40% and LDL-cholesterol by 10%. Other reported phytosterol benefits include anti-atherogenic activities as well as immune-stimulating and anti-inflammatory properties, especially beta-sitosterol.
3D BIOPRINTING - TRENDS IN FUTURE PHARMACY
Authors: Thakur Dr. Sneha , Swathi Dr. Kalepu , Chaitanya Dr. Mitta , Swathi Dr. Koduru , Gollapalli Rushitha
Published: June 2024

3 D printing is advanced technique quite challenging in the pacing pharmaceutical world. The functional role involves the printing and bio-manufacturing with rapid scanning using biofunctional material. The advantages include rapid prototyping, complex fabrication and geometries. The types of 3D printing include extrusion based bioprinting, Semi solid extrusion modeling , selective laser sintering and stereolithography. Recent clinical trials have urinary bladder which was designed outside the lab and is in progress to achieve the approval. It also includes the production of single cells or combinations of many cells. Drug research includes pharmacokinetics, drug screening, and auxiliary drug development. Building different tumor pathology models, researching carcinogenesis mechanisms, targeted therapy, and other associated activities are the main objectives of a tumor model. More closely linked to bioprinting than bioprinting, regenerative medicine involves the creation of artificial organs and tissues, such as liver, cardiac, and neural tissues, in addition to larger-scale tissue vascularization and cell therapy. These applications cover 3D bioprinting in both a general and specific sense with borad scope in pharmaceutical industry for rapid prototyping.
ARTIFICIAL SKIN- A SKIN SUBSTITUTE
Authors: Krosuri Pavan Kumar , Tejaswini G. , Banu D. Karishma , Sree P. Bhavya , Kiranmai K.
Published: June 2024

According to gift approaches, the focus on changed skin is regenerative medicine, including burned skin, which can be transplanted utilising a constructs and biomolecules. Extracellular matrix is currently being employed with biologically active scaffolds, which may promote the development various organs and tissues. Scaffold is crucial as the recovery with tissue function both its regeneration, as it serves as a temporary a matrix for cell growth and the deposition of matrix extracellular. In a variety of fields, such as artificial intelligence, human-computer interfaces, and other fields, scaffolds are used for tissue engineering, including the creation of cartilage and bone, ligaments, cutaneous, vascular, neuronal, and muscular tissues. They are also used as a means of delivering drugs, proteins, and DNA covering. This essay gives an overview of the human body's the skin, types with burns, scaffolding used to cover wounds, properties of the material used to cure burn scars, and its application.
THE MORAL IMPERATIVE AND PRICING PRESSURES: SHAPING THE PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
Authors: Mtunze Clemence Bernard
Published: June 2024

The growth of the pharmaceutical industry is mostly based on the perception of the public about the industry and also depends on the attitude of the people towards the Pharmaceutical Industry. Building and maintaining a positive attitude of the public towards the pharmaceutical will help to continually guarantee the healthy growth of the industry. The negative thoughts in people when it comes to the pharmaceutical industry have been caused by certain dangerous drugs like thalidomide and many other drugs that cause serious side effects when they are not properly used. Education of the people is a great need as it will help to supply the public with enough information to help them know about the medication that they take and guide them to use drugs properly in a way that will protect them from side effects. Dug food interactions is one of the big problems that is affecting the effect of the drugs and teaching the public about the safe foods they should eat while taking medication will help to alleviate side effects and at the same time lower the costs in the industry that can be caused by the increase of side effects in patients. When the patients have good positive attitude towards the drugs being supplied by the pharmaceutical industry, they will happily accept the drugs and fully experience the effects of the medication. Maintaining a good relationship between the patients and the pharmacist and doctors will help to increase the health of the patients while also increasing the growth of the industry.
FUTURE TRENDS IN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN THE DIGITAL AGE
Authors: Malik Dr. Gunjan , Sweety Ms.
Published: June 2024

Human resource management practices are crucial in determining an organization's performance. Due to the incorporation of technology and the advent of upcoming trends, the field of human resource management (HRM) is undergoing tremendous change. This chapter examines the relationship between technology and HRM procedures, highlighting how it might affect businesses and employees. It explores the advantages and disadvantages of automation, artificial intelligence, data analytics, and remote work settings. The chapter talks about how these developments are changing employee growth, performance reviews, and general HR tactics. It also handles possible issues including privacy, bias, and worker welfare. This study explores the changing link between technology and HRM and provides insights into how businesses can take advantage of these trends to boost employee engagement, productivity, and innovation while minimizing potential risks.
CRUISE ON VOYAGE TOWARDS DECARBONIZATION
Authors: Barnwal Dr. Monika , Prakash Mr. Shashi
Published: June 2024

The cruise industry encompasses enterprises within the travel domain that arrange journeys aboard expansive vessels designed to accommodate a large number of passengers. It covers cruise lines, ship owners, and firms that build cruise ships. The cruise industry encompasses enterprises that specialize in providing ship entertainment services. Cruise lines provide a diverse range of cruise packages, including lodging, dining, and recreational activities. Several prominent cruise firms in the industry include Carnival Corporation, which encompasses several brands such as Princess Cruise lines, Costa Cruises, and Holland America Line. Over the course of time, the cruise sector has seen significant expansion, resulting in the generation of substantial income amounting to billions of dollars. Nevertheless, the sector saw a decline within the worldwide COVID-19 epidemic, which had a significant impact on both the tourist and international shipping industries. The worldwide market value of the cruise ship industry was recorded at $7.67 billion in 2022, with a projected growth rate of $15.1 billion by the year 2024 (CLIA, 2021). Nevertheless, this seemingly exhilarating expedition has a substantial impact on our natural surroundings. Cruise ships are renowned for their substantial size, ranking among the biggest vessels globally. Research has shown that a single cruise ship's carbon emissions are greater than those of almost 12,000 cars. In this chapter, alternative strategies to reduce carbon emissions by the cruise industry are discussed in detail, along with its resilience to thrive in a sustainable marine environment.
LEADERSHIP JOURNEY
Authors: P. Subakaran Mr.
Published: June 2024

The term “Leadership” is a noun and it means the action of leading a group of people or an organization. Leadership, both as a research area and as a practical skill, encompasses the ability of an individual, group or organization to lead, influence or guide other individuals, teams, or entire organizations. The existing literature on Leadership focuses on What is Leadership? What Leaders require to be successful? What is a Leader’s unique achievement? etc. There is little emphasis on the journey or the process that an individual undertakes or undergoes before becoming a Leader. The Author has made attempt to explore this area from his “Personal Experience of Leadership”. Leadership is an amazing and painful journey. At the end, the Author has developed a “Leadership Model” based on two Fundamental Blocks namely “Understanding of Life” and “Understanding of People”.
SPAR'S HYPERMARKET FAILURE IN INDIA: A CASE REVIEW
Authors: Jain Garima
Published: June 2024

Spar, a prominent retail chain in India, experienced a significant setback in recent years, leading to its decline in the market. This case study aims to analyse the reasons behind Spar's failure, focusing on key factors such as market competition, changing consumer behaviour, and operational challenges. By examining these factors and their implications, this study provides insights into the retail industry and highlights lessons that can be learned from Spar's experience. The research utilizes a combination of primary and secondary sources, including industry reports, news articles, and academic studies, to support the analysis. The findings reveal crucial lessons for retail companies operating in dynamic markets like India.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Das Ms. Rishita , Mukherjee Mr. Rhythm
Published: June 2024

Information Technology explores several futuristic trends in management, including Artificial Intelligence (AI), Cybersecurity and Risk Management, Supply Chain Management, and the Internet of Things (IoT). The chapter examines the applications, benefits, and challenges associated with these trends, providing valuable insights for organizations navigating the dynamic business landscape. The chapter begins by exploring the role of Artificial Intelligence in decision-making processes. It highlights AI's ability to analyse large volumes of data, identify patterns, and improve decision accuracy. The keywords associated with AI in decision-making, such as efficiency, personalization, data quality, bias, and explainability, are addressed. Additionally, the chapter discusses technologies like data encryption, firewalls, and intrusion detection systems as key components of Cybersecurity and Risk Management. The importance of risk assessment and the challenges of bias and explainability are also highlighted. Supply Chain Management is another key focus of the chapter, as it examines futuristic trends enabled by technologies like AI, blockchain, IoT, and robotics. The keywords associated with Supply Chain Management, including visibility, transparency, traceability, e-commerce, omnichannel retailing, sustainability, and global complexities, are explored. The chapter emphasizes the benefits of enhanced visibility and agile strategies, along with the challenges presented by the rise of e-commerce and the complexities of global supply chains. Lastly, the chapter delves into the Internet of Things (IoT) and its impact on management practices. Keywords such as asset management, workplace management, real-time data, and predictive maintenance are discussed. The chapter highlights the opportunities presented by IoT in optimizing inventory, logistics, and workplace environments, while improving decision-making and customer experiences.
IMPACT OF TALENT MANAGEMENT ON LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT IN MULTINATIONAL COMPANIES (MNCS) WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CHENNAI
Authors: Geethalakshmi S. , T. Jayasheela Dr.
Published: June 2024

This study attempts to explore the connection between leadership development methods and talent management strategies in multinational corporations (MNCs) situated in Chennai, India. Organizations are very interested in how talent management affects creating effective leaders since it is a crucial component of human resource management. The study examines the talent management techniques used by MNCs in Chennai and analyses their impact on organizational leadership development.
IMPACT OF AUGMENTED REALITY ON E-COMMERCE
Authors: Ghosh Siddhartha , Gupta Rohit , Kumar Prof. Pavnesh , Kumari Dr. Svati
Published: June 2024

Due to how quick and easy it is to purchase, an increasing number of people are using online shopping. The utilization of the AR, or Augmented Reality, feature is one illustration of the more diverse technologies being employed for e-commerce advances in the modern day. The emergence of augmented reality (AR) technology has completely changed the e-commerce sector by bridging the gap between the actual and virtual aspects of shopping. Consumers may interact with virtual goods in actual locations thanks to augmented reality (AR), which improves product engagement and overall customer happiness. This essay analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of augmented reality for both businesses and consumers as it relates to e-commerce. The results demonstrate how augmented reality (AR) is redefining the e-commerce market, boosting sales, and altering how people shop online.
WORKPLACE DIVERSITY, EQUITY & INCLUSION - A SHIFT IN MINDSET
Authors: Lohani Minakshi
Published: June 2024

In this chapter, we will get information about the importance of ‘Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion’ popularly known as DEI in companies. Understanding the impact that DEI has made in organizations in the past few years has become very important and will be of top priority in the coming future. When companies embrace DEI at an organizational level there are huge benefits for everyone including increased productivity, innovation, and new opportunities, and faster problem-solving with the richness of opinion. Companies with solid DEI initiatives enjoy all of the benefits that come with a diverse employee base. Working with people who are different from you is also a great way to expand your boundaries and learn about people who are different from you. This can go a long way to help you achieve personal growth. ‘A diverse mix of voices leads to better discussions, decisions, and outcomes for everyone’. – Sundar Pichai
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Authors: Garg Kimi
Published: June 2024

Entrepreneurship is characterised by the process of recognising opportunities to build a new product, service, or process and finding necessary resources to exploit the opportunity and improving the lifestyle of people. A key factor in the nation's development is the encouragement of entrepreneurship. In emerging nations, particularly those experiencing high rates of unemployment, entrepreneurship can have a significant impact on the growth of job prospects. It can aid a nation in accelerating its rate of growth. This chapter focuses on important components of the entrepreneur ecosystem and its benefits to society. It also emphasizes challenges in the context of India and initiatives taken by the government for entrepreneurship development.
EQUITY VALUATION
Authors: Dutta Dr. Devanjali
Published: June 2024

In order to determine the intrinsic value of a company's common shares, equity valuation is a fundamental concept in finance. It is essential to financial analysis, mergers and acquisitions, and investment decision-making. To ascertain the fair market value of a company's shares, this procedure entails a thorough analysis of the financial statements of the business, as well as market dynamics, industry trends, and qualitative considerations. Among the techniques used in equity valuation include relative valuation, discounted cash flow (DCF) analysis, and earnings-based models such as the price-earnings ratio (P/E ratio). For businesses and investors to make educated judgments about purchasing or disposing of stocks and determining the actual financial health of a firm, correct equity valuation is crucial.
THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING ON CONSUMER PURCHASING BEHAVIOR: NEW TREND IN MARKETING
Authors: Bhavsar Dr. Harshvardhan , Khandelwal Mrs. Payal Rahul
Published: June 2024

The utilization of diverse online platforms for entertainment purposes, such as Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter, provides consumers with several opportunities to explore and select the most suitable option for purchasing any product. The attitudes of customers towards internet buying are notably impacted by various social media platforms. The prevalence of social media platforms has witnessed a substantial increase, concurrently offering consumers an optimal avenue for accessing comprehensive information pertaining to the advantages and characteristics of various products. The major aim of this study is to comprehend the many aspects that exert effect on customers' online purchasing behavior. Furthermore, the objective of this study is to have a comprehensive understanding of the impact of social media marketing on online buying. The objective of this research is to examine the significance of social media marketing and its influence on the consumer purchasing behavior of those who regularly utilize various social media platforms for making product purchases. Furthermore, the objective of this study is to examine the correlation between customer engagement on diverse social media channels, consumer buying behaviors, and strategies for marketing on social media.
INTRODUCTION OF E-BANKING
Authors: M Rajeshwari , N. Gunasekaran Dr.
Published: June 2024

In today’s world E-banking is very important where anyone can access their account through internet from anywhere and from any places. The internet banking system provides many facilities like Balance enquiry, cheque book request, changing of address, fund transfer to different account’s, download or view monthly and annually statements etc., The growth of information technology has become a new form of banking system. In the last few years, the electronic banking has emerged, adopting a new distributions channels like mobile services, internet etc., the main objectives of the E-banking are to improve the quality of services delivery, reduce transaction cost, decrease the fraudulent activities etc., The present chapter has been undertaken to describe the status of E-banking, characteristics, kinds of E-banking, Advantages and disadvantages etc., with the help of Internet banking, the banking sector is capturing the customer satisfaction and loyalty. The banking sector should provide their customers with convenience, offering services through the several distribution channels and the availability of the E-banking services becomes easier for the customers.
THE ROLE OF SOCIAL NETWORKS IN JOB SEARCH.
Authors: Khan Farid , Raj Dr. Umang , Kumar Sudhir
Published: June 2024

Social Networking Networks (SNSs) are widely used in different segments of society, regardless of age, occupation, class or status. When we talk about corporate use, it's personal. SNS issued in recruitment, selection, training and development as well as during various HR processes and job searches. The number is increasing day by day, but there are many ways to find a job, such as using a company's platform, another application, another websites. Previously, the size of the average job seeker's network was limited due to the limited options available in terms of time, cost and communication associated with maintaining the network. The recent growth of social networking sites has allowed job seekers to keep in touch with all their friends, family and acquaintances, as well as create a variety of new networks. This increased the number of networks and connections. Social media plays an important role in job hunting these days and is a widely used method. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of social networks in job seeking. Furthermore, an attempt was made to clarify the factors that influence the use of social networks in job hunting. Data for this study are collected through a structured questionnaire distributed to two different university students in Jaipur. A sample size of 100 people is used for the study. The survey found that SNS plays an important role in job hunting.
AI-POWERED HEALTHCARE TECHNOLOGY: A POST PANDEMIC CRITICAL REVIEW
Authors: S. Sarojini Dr. , J. Nithya Dr. , Swathy S Ms. , Saran R Mr.
Published: June 2024

The escalation added with complication of information in health support technology at present would be dominating increasingly in this field of healthcare. In several ways the AI is already being empowered by customers, manufacturers and facilitators of health care, and life sciences corporations. The predominant areas include application involved in diagnosis and treatment, in and out patient information, official activities in hospital. Even though there are several instances and challenging scenarios in which the technology of Artificial Intelligence can perform healthcare job far better than human beings, execution element will prevent extensive automation of healthcare expert jobs for a significant period. ChatGPT help reducing efforts to understand patients’ symptoms by providing alternative ways solving their problems. Ethical issues while using the application of AI in health care sector is also discussed. AI is being used to improve the accuracy of cancer diagnosis, to create new drugs and treatments. AI chatbots are used to provide information related to the patient support and education.
FUTURE OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE
Authors: Saraswat Mradul , Yadav Ashita , Singh Yadveer , Sharma Anmol , Agrawal Krishn K.
Published: June 2024

Nuclear medicine is a rapidly evolving field with the potential to revolutionize healthcare. In the past, nuclear medicine has been primarily used for diagnostic imaging, but it is now expanding into the realm of targeted therapy and theranostics. Theranostics combine diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities, allowing for more personalized and effective treatment of diseases. Several key trends are shaping the future of nuclear medicine like The development of new radiopharmaceuticals, The advancement of imaging technologies and The integration of artificial intelligence (AI). Nuclear medicine is expected to play an increasingly important role in the diagnosis and treatment of a cancer, cardiovascular diseases and neurological disorders. The future of nuclear medicine is bright, but there are also some challenges that need to be addressed. Despite of the challenges, the future of nuclear medicine is promising. Nuclear medicine has the potential to revolutionize healthcare by providing more accurate diagnoses, more effective treatments, and more personalized care for patients.
PROTEIN NANOPARTICLES: INTEGRATING THE STRENGTH OF PROTEINS WITH APPROACHES FROM ENGINEERING DESIGN
Authors: Naga Aparna T.
Published: June 2024

The nanomedicine era has lately undergone a transformation owing to the crucial function of protein-based nanostructures. Due to their size and larger surface area, which causes them to be more reactive to other molecules, protein nanoparticles have proven to be the main catalyst for changing the properties of many conventional materials. Better biocompatibility, biodegradability and surface modification options are all features of protein nanoparticles. Proteins like albumin, gelatin, whey protein, gliadin, legumin, elastin, zein, soy protein and milk protein can be used to create these nanostructures. They can be made by emulsification, desolvation, complicated coacervation and electrospray, among other methods. Particle size, particle shape, surface charge, drug loading, determining drug entrapment, particle structure and in vitro drug release are the characterization criteria of protein nanoparticles. This review describes the proteins and techniques utilised to create protein nanoparticles and contrasts their related benefits and drawbacks. Eminent scholars have investigated and reported on a wide range of protein nanoparticle applications through various methods of administration, which are discussed in the current study.
UNLOCKING THE POTENTIAL OF CANCER TREATMENT: EXAMINING TARGETED THERAPY, IMMUNOTHERAPY, EPIGENETICS AND GENE EDITING
Authors: K Sandhanam , Subramanian Arunkumar , Rahman Nisma , S Swetha , Tamilanban T.
Published: June 2024

The global concern of cancer, with a focus on nonmelanoma skin cancer in specific regions associated with aging and unhealthy lifestyles, Innovative approaches are being explored to combat this challenge effectively. Targeted therapy is a ground breaking approach that focuses on specific genes and proteins crucial for cancer growth and survival, enabling personalised and more effective treatments tailored to individual cancer characteristics. Immunotherapy utilises the body's immune system to recognise and attack cancer cells, leading to remarkable success in various cancer types. Immune checkpoint inhibitors and CAR T-cell therapy have shown promising results with long-lasting responses in some patients. Epigenetic modifications play a crucial role in cancer development, altering gene expression without changing the DNA sequence. Researchers are investigating methods to reverse these changes, potentially inhibiting cancer growth and restoring normal cellular function. Epigenetic drugs like DNA methyltransferase inhibitors and histone deacetylase inhibitors hold promise as therapeutic targets for certain cancers. Gene editing technologies, particularly CRISPR-Cas9, have opened new possibilities in cancer research and treatment. These tools allow targeted DNA modifications, potentially correcting genetic mutations involved in cancer development. While gene editing is still in its early stages for cancer treatment, promising results from preclinical and early clinical trials offer hope for more precise and efficient therapies in the future. The continuous research and development in these areas are expected to revolutionise cancer treatment by providing personalised and effective solutions to improve patient outcomes. By combining the power of targeted therapy, immunotherapy, epigenetic modification, and gene editing, oncologists and healthcare professionals can offer tailored treatments based on individual patient’s specific cancer profiles. This patient-centric approach will undoubtedly lead to enhanced therapeutic responses and a better quality of life for cancer patients worldwide. With ongoing research and collaboration in these fields, the future of cancer treatment holds great promise, driving us closer to the ultimate goal of eradicating this devastating disease.
REVIEW OF PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF POLYHERBAL HAIR OIL
Authors: R. Jothi Lakshmi Mrs. , Pushparaj K. , Selvakumar R. , Ranjith G. , Raman Devi , ManiKandan K. , R. Srinivasan Dr. , Akash Kumar G. , Deen Ansar S.
Published: June 2024

Polyherbal hair oils have gained popularity due to their perceived effectiveness in promoting hair health and growth. This review assesses the preparation methods and evaluation parameters employed in the formulation of polyherbal hair oils.The preparation of polyherbal hair oils involves the selection of botanical ingredients known for their hair-nourishing properties. These ingredients are typically extracted using various techniques such as cold pressing, maceration, or steam distillation to obtain their active constituents. The formulation process often includes blending these extracts with carrier oils or bases to enhance efficacy and application. Evaluation of polyherbal hair oils encompasses several parameters to determine their quality and effectiveness. Physical characteristics such as color, odor, and viscosity are assessed to ensure product consistency and consumer appeal. Chemical analysis is conducted to quantify the presence of bioactive compounds responsible for hair nourishment and growth stimulation. Moreover, stability studies are crucial to assess the shelf life and storage conditions of the formulated oils.In addition to laboratory testing, clinical trials involving human subjects are conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of polyherbal hair oils. Parameters such as hair growth rate, thickness, and scalp health aremeasured to determine the product’s performance.
MATERIOVIGILANCE PROGRAMME OF INDIA: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE AND COMPARISON
Authors: Kumar Sachin , Chaturvedi Saurabh , Paswan Shravan Kumar , Singh Harshit
Published: June 2024

Despite the proposal to classify medical devices as drugs in the draft of the Drugs, Medical Devices and Cosmetics Bill, 2022 in India, the medical devices post-marketing vigilance system is currently less stringent than that for drugs and does not involve monitoring Adverse events (AEs) brought on by medical devices. The program focuses on identifying, collecting, reporting, and analyzing negative events associated with medical device usage to prevent recurrence and safeguard patient health. While many countries have initiated post-marketing surveillance (PMS) of medical devices, India's Materiovigilance program, launched in July 2015 by the Indian Pharmacopeia Commission (IPC), aims to monitor and record unfavorable incidents, produce safety-related information, enhance the understanding of all involved parties, and provides suggestions for optimal strategies and measures to enhance patient safety. Along with manufacturers, prescribers and users there is important role of regulators in patient safety related to medical devices. In this book chapter the current status of Materiovigilance Programme of India (MvPI) is examined, along with comparisons to developed nations, deficiencies are noted, and specific actions are suggested to strengthen the programme and also discuss steps to ensure a rigorous implementation of the current plan with a focus on how well they protect patient safety.
MUSHROOM CULTIVATIONIN RELATION TO VERTICAL FARMING: A BOOMING ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Authors: Gupta Rajni , Uniyal P. L. , Kumar Yash
Published: June 2024

Vertical farming is the practice during which the crops are grown in a vertically stacked layers or integrated skyscraper or old warehouse etc. with use of less water and in the absence of soil. Vertical farming has many advantages viz. there is reliable crop production round the year, unaffected by adverse climate. It also minimises the use of water and uses space in a better way, provides completely organic yield, reduces transport costs,provides pesticide free cultivation, low labour cost and highly energy efficient crop.[7]There are many factors now-a-days which are demolishing the food availability and can cause a worse situation in future. The war between Russia and Ukraine may be one of thosefactors which can lead the globe to a severe food scarcity due to their high export-import value in India and other countries. Hence, it is important to go for another opportunity for food production.A large amount of agro-wastes are produced every year which is burnt by farmers and deteriorate the air quality and soil quality as well. Instead, we can use that as a substrate for creating compost for mushroom cultivation. For mushroom cultivation, vertical stands are required that solve the problem of lessavailability of land area. In small areas withless amount of water, mushrooms can easily be grown and canhelp in the economic growth of the country. In some states of country, due to flood, nutrient of the soil sweeps away and thus crops cannot be grown there. In those areas, cultivation of mushrooms can be agood alternative to get earnings.Mushrooms are the fruiting bodies of some members of a lower group of plants called fungi. The fungi are characterized by the absence of chlorophyll and undifferentiated bodies except the spore bearing structures. Man started agriculture 10,000 years ago.The Chinese were reportedly the first to artificially cultivate tropical and sub-tropical mushrooms around thousands of years back but commercial production started in Europe with button mushrooms in caves during 16th and 17th centuries. Now, mushroom cultivation has spread all over the world. In India,mushrooms are being cultivated in every State. Government and Central government have launched many schemes to support farmers and youth to start with cultivation of mushrooms. Awareness programmes have been launched to make people aware about the nutritive and Entrepreneurship values of mushrooms. Through Mushroom cultivation, young generation and women can also set up small scale industry and start-ups and it is a growing era of start-ups in the field of mushroom cultivation and vertical farming [9][10][11][12].
PERSONALISED MEDICINE AS THE PROMISING IMPLICATION FOR HEALTHCARE
Authors: Pathak Mugdha Dabir , Kirti Ms. , Garse Samiksha , Dokhale Sneha
Published: June 2024

Recently the field of medicine and healthcare is experiencing a boom in a concept called personalized medicine. Personalized medicine involves customizing a treatment to fit the needs of an individual and disease patterns. It helps to gain a deeper understanding of how a person's unique genomic profile or proteomic profile makes them susceptible to specific diseases by identifying genetic, epigenomic, and clinical data. Personalized Medicine serves not only as potential treatment but also as a preventative measure. Our chapter explores the impetus for personalized medicine, its historical instances, developing technologies that enable it, and latest examples. Moreover, it discusses the roles of different omics technologies in emergence of personalized medicine; pharmacogenomics playing a key role by providing an explanation for the variability and uncertainty in drug responses.
NEDDYLATION: A MODULATOR OF CANCER PROGRESSION AND ITSIMPLICATION IN THERAPEUTICS
Authors: Parija Monalisa , Padhan Rakesh , Kumari G. , Samal Pritish , Dash Sanghamitra , Prakash Surya , Mishra Dr Sandip K
Published: June 2024

The maintenance of optimal equilibrium of the intrinsic level of proteins is crucial for various cellular functions, such as the regulation of the transcription of genes and the maintenance of the cell cycle. Protein degradation serves as a prompt and irreversible mechanism that swiftly deactivates crucial regulatory proteins, in contrast to protein synthesis. Alteration in the equilibrium might initiate several facets of cancer growth and advancement. Neddylation refers to a distinct form of post-translational alterations occurring in proteins. The increased significance of neddylation modification, as demonstrated by an elevated level of enzymes responsible for catalyzing this process, not only presents a potential target for cancer therapy but also offers a valuable biomarker for identifying suitable cancer patients who would benefit from treatment with neddylation inhibitors. Our study highlights the process of protein neddylation on the preservation of cancer cell viability, making it an essential pathway for the advancement of innovative cancer treatments. Ultimately, the advancement of novel neddylation-pathway inhibitors, encompassing inhibitors targeting neddylation E2 or E3, holds the promise of augmenting the strategies aimed at inhibiting the overstimulated neddylation pathway. This could potentially address the issue of resistance to E1 inhibitors (such as MLN4924) due to mutations resulting from treatment.
USE OF BIOINFORMATICS TOOLS TO STUDY PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS AND SEQUENCE SIMILARITY OF MALASSEZIA SP. A PATHOGEN INVOLVED IN DANDRUFF
Authors: Khurana Dr. Namrata , Ningwal Dr. Uday Singh
Published: June 2024

One of the most prevalent species in the human skin microbiota, Malassezia species, has been linked to skin conditions like dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis. Although Malassezia plays a significant role in common skin diseases, little is understood about its molecular makeup. In this approach, bioinformatics can be quite helpful. Selected genes from Malassezia species can be subjected to BLAST P. It was discovered that M. restrictive shares similarities with the distant human pathogen Candida albicans and the plant pathogen Ustilago mayids by the use of blast, a bioinformatics tool. It is possible to identify the convergent and divergent features of Malassezia species using the bioinformatics tool Culstal W. Researchers must create more potent bioinformatics tools to help manage the growing issue of dandruff and itchiness on the scalp in the human population.
TRADITIONAL USES, PHYTOCHEMISTRY AND PHARMACOLOGY OF THREE MEDICINALLY POTENTIAL CURCUMA SPECIES
Authors: Bharali Pritimani , Bhattacharyya Nabanita
Published: June 2024

The leaves and rhizomes of certain species of Curcuma are extensively used in Ayurvedic medicine and as traditional remedies against various ailments. Curcuma longa, C. caesia and C. amada are three important species of the genus Curcuma, with wide range of medicinal properties. Biological activities, including antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as presence of several bioactive components have been reported in various discrete literatures. Here we have prepared a comprehensive document to summarize the ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemical constituents, and major pharmacological activities of C. longa, C. amada, and C. caesia, by pulling together the published information from various authentic sources.
CANCER: UNVEILING ITS COMPLEXITY FROM GENETIC ABERRATIONS TO PERSONALIZED THERAPIES
Authors: Mangtani Kalash
Published: June 2024

In the realm of cancer research and treatment, understanding the intricate interplay between genetic aberrations and personalized therapies is of paramount importance. This chapter delves into the intricate world of cancer, dissecting its diverse facets from genetic mutations to therapeutic advancements. It dissects the molecular drivers behind cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis, elucidating the role of tumor microenvironments. Focusing on treatment, the chapter explores established modalities, like chemotherapy, and highlights the transformative potential of targeted therapies, immunotherapies, and precision medicine. Through case studies and emerging trends, it underscores the evolution of cancer research and its translation into innovative patient-centric approaches.
SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES FROM BACTERIA AND FUNGI FOR EVALUATING EFFICACY AGAINST HUMAN PATHOGENS
Authors: Kathiriya Nirali , Dudhagara Dushyant , Sojitra Rasik
Published: June 2024

Using microorganisms in order to develop reliable and eco-friendly methods for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. In this study, we have investigated the extracellular biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using the bacteria Bacillus subtilis and fungi Aspergillus niger. The formation of silver nanoparticles in the cell filtrates was confirmed by a change in the color of cell filtrates, the absorption peak at 420 nm for Bacillus subtilis and 430 nm for Aspergillus niger in UV-Vis spectra. The antibacterial efficacy of the produced nanoparticles was investigated against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The antifungal efficacy of the produced nanoparticles was investigated against Aspergillus niger. The biosynthesized AgNPs could be utilized as antimicrobial agents for effective disease management.