bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFICIENCY OF USING AN ANAEROBIC BIOREACTOR FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT
Authors: Mel’nyk V. , Shafarenko M. , Rhuzinska L. , Ostapenko Z. , Kosova V. , Gorbunov A.
Published: September 2023

The object of study is the process of biogas production in a bioreactor with a stirring device and an inert biofilm carrier. The problematic issue is the retention of biofilm on inert media at a certain number of revolutions of the stirrer. A scheme of a laboratory setup for studying the process of biogas production in a bioreactor with an inert carrier is presented. An important value was determined - the specific rate of substrate release , without which it is impossible to calculate the biofilm surface and determine the amount of methane released. The influence of hydraulic flow (Reynolds criterion) on methane formation was determined. The number of revolutions of the stirring device was selected to keep the biofilm on inert media and prevent its detachment. The process of mass transfer of the substrate from wastewater to the surface of the biofilm; conversion of the substrate by active acidogenic biomass into acetic acid; conversion of acetic acid by methanogenic biomass into biogas is considered. The advantage of the proposed study of the influence of hydrodynamics on the process of biogas production in anaerobic conditions from the process of fluidization, in that, due to the intensive circulation of the liquid, it is possible to detach the biofilm from the surface of the inert media, is emphasized. It is proposed to create an optimal bioreactor apparatus that would fully ensure such a technological process. In the optimal mode of operation of the bioreactor, the number of revolutions of the stirring device is n = 2 rpm. The final concentration of the substrate in the wastewater reaches the value S2 = 0.1 kg COD/ m3. The amount of methane produced is VCH4= 0.409 m3/day. It can be used in practice in the wastewater treatment of the following industries: dairies, meat processing plants, in the production of juices and wines in food production. These enterprises have a high content of organic matter in their wastewater. This leads to an increased amount of biogas produced.
MONITORING OF ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION OF SOILS IN UKRAINE
Authors: Bobunov O. Y. , Midyk S. V. , Khyzhan O. I. , Kovshun L. O.
Published: September 2023

A study was carried out in the Ukrainian Laboratory of Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products at the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine. Soil samples were collected from farms in five regions of Ukraine, namely Kyiv (Brovary district), Kherson, Lviv (Pustomyty district), Rivne (Mlyniv district), and the Chernihiv region (Sosnytskyi district) during spring and summer to determine the elemental composition and heavy metal content. The samples were taken from a 0-10 cm depth of the humus soil profile from a characteristic area of up to 100 m². The average sample of the research point was obtained by combining five separate samples. The heavy metal content was estimated using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), and the elemental composition was measured with an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrophotometer IRIS Intrepid II XSP (Thermo Elemental, USA). The method's detection limit is 0.1 mg/kg, and the standard used was ICP multi-element standard solution IV (Mercs KGaA, Germany). Soil contamination was observed in monitoring sites affected by various industrial enterprises, such as chemical industry and energy, with medium (moderately dangerous) and high (dangerous) levels of pollution. Anthropogenic geochemical associations of heavy metals in soils were identified. In the Kyiv region, the concentration of heavy metals on agricultural land where the samples were taken was within the maximum allowable concentration (MAC), indicating that it is possible to grow ecological agricultural products in those areas. The Cd content did not exceed the maximum permissible concentration in any of the five farms. The high level of Zn in samples from Kherson, Rivne, and Lviv regions could be due to the geomorphology of the studied areas and anthropogenic pressure on them, such as fires, pesticides, mineral fertilizers, and anthropogenic pollution. The monitoring results enable an assessment of plant contamination risks and forecast the likelihood of growing environmentally safe agricultural products in these conditions.
THE ROLE OF INTRAPRENEURSHİP IN BLUE OCEAN STRATEGY
Authors: BAYAR Münevver
Published: September 2023

The realization of intrapreneurship activities is one of the important points in the achievement of a unique market position for the businesses to which the blue ocean strategy is implemented, and also in creating value for customers. However, in the implementation of this strategy, businesses need to make foresight and planning for how long they can maintain their position. In this case, the primary issue is to integrate the blue ocean strategy within the intrapreneurship relationship. In the markets that adopt the red ocean strategy, all competing businesses have intense efforts to win for the same business, while in the blue ocean strategy, there is a free market structure where the players are the same but different markets are located, rather than intense competition, aimed at creating innovation and benefit. The more unique, inimitable and inaccessible to the competitors, the higher the gains of the enterprises and the longer their lifespan will be. An intrapreneur is a person charged with generating and/or developing new ideas within the business. Today, it is seen that the popularity and benefits of intrapreneurship activities are increasing. In order to enter the blue oceans, which is an important factor for businesses to expand into new areas and increase profit maximization, it is very important for business management to create a policy to support intrapreneurship activities, as well as to create a new organizational culture that will support intrapreneurship. The success of the blue ocean strategy, which makes a difference in establishing the basis of the business strategy and providing competitive advantage, depends on the innovation-oriented, entrepreneurial culture of business managers. The aim of this study is to examine the "Blue Ocean Strategy", which is an alternative model in value creation, and the effects of intrapreneurship activities in businesses on this strategy in a conceptual framework.
A COMPARATIVE APPROACH TO ALEVISM ASSOCIATED ASPECTS OF SHIA
Authors: AKDAĞ OKUMUŞ Sara
Published: September 2023

So far, many different views and thoughts have been put forward regarding the concepts of Alevi and Alevism. The reason for the diversity here is based on the difference between the places where it is used over time. One of the main factors causing confusion is the claim that Alevism is a sect that broke away from Shia and continues to exist in Anatolia. Because everyone who feels a wholehearted devotion to Ali and is a supporter is given the name "Alevi". Therefore, the first use of Alevism as a dedication refers to a politically specific and large community. From this point of view, Shia and Alevism are used in the same sense. Although the concepts of Alevi and Shia are used in the same sense as an expression, over time they cease to carry only a political argument and they also come to contain theological arguments. This forms the basis of the birth of Shia as the first pro-Ali sect in history. The views developed by Shia over time are based on religious-political foundations. As for the term Alevism, the nomadic Turks' adoption of Islam by blending it with their old beliefs and cultures paved the way for the birth of a heterodox Turkish Islam. However, after the Safavid propagandas, which formed the point of interaction with the Shia, Shiite motifs were permanently embedded in this heterodox Turkish belief and created today's Alevism. However, it should not be forgotten that Alevism, as a mystical-mystical structure, does not accept the religious motifs it received from Shia. Because they interpreted the motifs they took from Shia in their own way. In this study, first of all, the emergence of the concept of Alevi and its usage area will be discussed. Then, in order to show that they have separate political histories, their emergence adventures and their places in history will be briefly explained. Finally, the aspects of Alevism and Shia that are associated with each other will be given in general terms without elaborating.
HALIDI SEYHI AHMED b. SULEYMAN al-ERVÂDI'S UNDERSTANDING OF DHIKR
Authors: ÇINAR Nazım
Published: September 2023

Ervadi, also known as the mufti of Tripoli, is a sufi scholar. He was the last caliph of Mevlana Khalid al-Baghdadi and the teacher of Ahmed Ziyâeddin Gümüşhânevî. Ervadi learned Islamic sciences from the leading scholars of the time and received his ratification. Later, he turned to Sufism and completed his training in seyr ü süluk and received approval from many sects. Although he was authorized by many sects, Naqshbandi-Khalidism carried out activities of guidance in principle and procedure. Ervadi, who trained many students, wrote more than one hundred and twenty works. Most of his works are in the form of treatises. Ervadi, in his works; He covered many topics such as conversation, nexus, intisap, seclusion and dhikr, and expressed opinions. In this article, we will focus on Ervadi's understanding of dhikr.   Dhikr, which has an important place in Sufism, means to remember, to keep in mind, not to forget, to commemorate. Dhikr is mentioned in the Qur'an in two hundred and fifty-six places with its partners. Sufi connoisseurs regarded dhikr as the basis of sects in the light of verses and hadiths. Ervâdi, in his works, dealt with the importance of dhikr in the process of spiritual development, the words with which dhikr should be made, the method and manners of dhikr, the benefits of dhikr and the ten maqams derived from dhikr.
GEMINIANI GRIP AND IT’S EFFECTS TO THE DEVELOPMEMENT OF THE VIOLIN LEFT HAND TECHNIQUE
Authors: GÖREN Alptekin Ömür
Published: September 2023

Playing the violin, a stringed instrument, requires the ability to apply many difficult techniques, very good bow control, and excellent right hand technique. For this reason, most violin pedagogues and authorities have given more importance to right and left hand techniques. However, left hand technique is as important as right hand technique and consists of masny sub-headings. These include the use of positions on all strings, double stops, triple and quadruple chords, natural and artifical harmonics, double stop harmonics, trill, double stop trill, vibrato, glissando, left hand tremolo and left hand pizzicato. In order to perform all these left hand techniques correctly, the left hand must be positioned in the correct position on the violin neck. Francesco Geminiani developed a technical application known as Geminiani Grip for the correct positioning of the left hand. In this study, Geminiani Grip will be examined in detail, examples from other violin authorities influenced by Geminiani will be given and exercises written in the light of this practice will be analyzed.
THE EFFECTS OF COMPRESSOR PLUG-INS ON THE DYNAMIC RANGE IN MUSIC PRODUCTION
Authors: ERDAL Kadri Yılmaz
Published: September 2023

This study investigated the role of dynamic processors in audio processing and music production and the effects of different types of design on the audio signal. It has been tried to give information about the designs and parameters of dynamic processors. In order to create the sound sample analyzed within the scope of the study, a mono sample recording was taken from the virtual instrument plug-in.   The sound sample taken from the bass guitar model was preferred in order to contain all the general envelope structure features of an audio signal. In this direction, the sound sample was chosen from the virtual instrument in order to keep it away from external factors during the recording stages and to make the work repeatable and developable. It is used as basic tools for dynamic processors to control and balance audio signals and create sensory effects. In this context, the effects of compressors in the dynamic processor class and their basic parameters and different design types on the audio signal are examined. Differences in tonal characteristics and dynamic changes of different compressor designs have been observed. In this context, the effects of FET, VCA, Vari-Mu, Optical and Digital compressor plug-ins on the audio signal were analyzed and the results were presented. These analyzes can provide guidance for the selection of different compressor designs for lecturers, students, and those interested in and working in the field of music technology. In future studies, the role of different music genres, instruments and recording conditions on the effects of compressor designs can be explored more deeply, and more comprehensive results can be reached by collecting experimental data and using machine learning techniques.
Integer Programming Application to Optimize Profit of Samarinda Special Souvenir Production
Authors: Lisnawati  , Syaripuddin  , Qonita Qurrota A'yun
Published: September 2023

Yulia's Amplang shop is one of the businesses engaged in the culinary field in the form of souvenirs typical of Samarinda City, namely Amplang. The amplang variants produced by this store include flat fish (original), shrimp, crab, squid and seaweed. Limitations and rising raw material prices make stores often experience difficulties in optimizing production profits. This study aims to determine the number of packages in one production process for each variant produced so as to obtain maximum profit. This study used the revised simplex method and then continued with the Branch and Bound Method, which is a method used to solve linear programming problems that produce solutions in integer form. From the analysis using this method, the optimal amount was obtained as many as 317 packages per production, including 144 flat fish flavors (original), 52 shrimp flavors, 34 crab flavors, 54 squid flavors and 33 seaweed flavors with the maximum profit obtained. namely Rp. 4,125,635. The application of this method resulted in an increase in profits of 5.53% or Rp. 216,103 in one production process compared to the previous company's profits.
Analysis of the Effect of Age on the Absorption Dose of X-ray Radiation in Thorax Examination
Authors: Fathunnisa Mukholiq , Pratiwi Sri Wardani  , Devina Rayzy Perwitasari
Published: September 2023

This research aimed at finding out the effect of the patient's age on the absorbed dose obtained during the thorax examination. The observation data used is the exposure factor in the form of the tube voltage (kV), tube current (mA), irradiation time (s), and focus film distance (cm). The age range used is grouped based on the elderly age category established by the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia which ranges from 46 years until 85 years of age. From the data on the exposure factor and age of elderly patients, the oneway ANOVA statistical test was conducted. From the results of these statistical tests, the results obtained FCalculate value is 0,201 and sig 0,821 for Thorax AP examination and the results obtained FCalculate value is 0,790 and sig 0,476 for Thorax PA examination with the FTable value is 3,81 and the sig is 0,05. Therefore, based on the testing criteria in statistics of the initial hypothesis (H0) is accepted or it can be concluded that age does not affect the amount of X-ray radiation absorbed dose received by elderly patients in thorax examinations from the age range of 46 years until 85 years.
Faktor-Faktor Penentu Volatilitas Harga Saham Syariah Dengan Ukuran Perusahaan Sebagai Variabel Moderasi
Authors: Samsiar Samsiar , Haryono Slamet
Published: September 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah agar melihat apakah ada faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi volatilita sharga saham perusahaan syariah. Jenis penelitian ini adalah cara agar mengukur seberapa berbeda hal-hal yang bersama-sama. Ini disebut studi kuantitatif, dan menggunakan banyak angka. Ada banyak aplikasi berbeda yang membantu Anda memproses data. Penelitian ini melihat perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia antaratahun 2017 dan 2021. Teknik yang digunakana dalah purposive sampling. Ini melibatkan pemilihan 20 perusahaan dari daftar perusahaan. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa dividend payout ratio (DPR) dan asset growth (PAT) tidak berpengaruh terhadap volatilitas harga saham. Ketika volume perdagangan tinggi, harga saham lebih fluktuatif. Ukuran Perusahaan tidak memiliki kendali atas berapa banyak dividen yang dibayarkan perusahaan dan berapa banyak pertumbuhan asetnya. Namun, itu dapat mengontrol volatilitas harga saham dan volume perdagangan.
Analisis Efektivitas dan Kontribusi Pajak Hotel dan Restoran terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kabupaten Natuna
Authors: Syuparman Syuparman , Ekananda Mahyus , Lestari Etty Puji
Published: September 2023

Pendapatan Asli Daerah bagi setiap daerah otonom merupakan suatu indikator penting dalam menentukan tingkat kemandirian pemerintah daerah di bidang fiskal. Semakin tinggi Pendapatan Asli Daerah maka semakin mandiri daerah tersebut mengelola potensi yang ada.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar tingkat efektivitas pajak hotel dan pajak restoran di Kabupaten Natuna dan seberapa besar kontribusinya terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kabupaten Natuna. Hipotesis yang diajukan dalam penelitian ini adalah bahwa pajak hotel dan pajak restoran berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kabupaten Natuna. Data yang diperlukan dikumpulkan dengan melakukan studi lapangan pada Badan Pengelolaan Pajak Dan Retribusi Daerah (BP2RD) Kabupaten Natuna dengan melakukan wawancara kemudian diperoleh data sekunder berupa rincian laporan jumlah objek pajak hotel dan restoran dan juga target dan realisasi pajak hotel, pajak restoran dan pendapatan asli daerah Kabupaten Natuna.
Metode analisis data yang dipakai adalah metode analisis data deskriftif kuantitatif. Dalam mengolah data digunakan software Stata versi 11.2 kemudian dilakukan analisis data dengan metode analisis efektivitas, analisis kontribusi dan analisis regresi linear berganda. Hasil analisis regresi kemudian diuji dengan uji statistik t (uji signifikasi parameter individual), dan uji koefisien deteminasi (R2).
Hasil pengujian adalah bahwa tingkat efektivitas penerimaan pajak hotel dan restoran di Kabupaten Natuna periode tahun 2013 sampai tahun 2020 dikategorikan sangat efektif dengan tingkat capaian lebih dari 100%. Kontribusi pajak hotel dan pajak restoran terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kabupaten Natuna periode tahun 2013 sampai tahun 2020 tergolong kecil sekali, dengan capaian tertinggi hanya sebesar 0,84 persen dengan jumlah penerimaan sebesar Rp. 3.272.124.202,-
Secara parsial pajak hotel berpengaruh positif terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kabupaten Natuna, demikian juga dengan pajak restoran berpengaruh positif terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kabupaten Natuna periode tahun 2013 sampai tahun 2020. Secara simultan pajak hotel dan pajak restoran berpengaruh positif terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah Kabupaten Natuna periode tahun 2013 sampai tahun 2020.
Achondroplasia Natural History Study (CLARITY): 60-year experience with hydrocephalus in achondroplasia from four skeletal dysplasia centers
Authors: Campbell Jeffrey , Legare Janet M. , Piatt Joseph , Gough Ethan , Pauli Richard M. , Hashmi S. Shahrukh , Rodriguez-Buritica David F. , Modaff Peggy , Little Mary Ellen , Serna Maria Elena , Smid Cory J. , Dujmusic Lorena , Hecht Jacqueline T. , Hoover-Fong Julie E. , Bober Michael B.
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to describe the incidence and management of hydrocephalus in patients with achondroplasia over a 60-year period at four skeletal dysplasia centers.

METHODS

The Achondroplasia Natural History Study (CLARITY) is a registry for clinical data from achondroplasia patients receiving treatment at four skeletal dysplasia centers in the US from 1957 to 2017. Data were entered and stored in a REDCap database and included surgeries with indications and complications, medical diagnoses, and radiographic information.

RESULTS

A total of 1374 patients with achondroplasia were included in this study. Of these, 123 (9%) patients underwent treatment of hydrocephalus at a median age of 14.4 months. There was considerable variation in the percentage of patients treated for hydrocephalus by center and decade of birth, ranging from 0% to 28%, although in the most recent decade, all centers treated less than 6% of their patients, with an average of 2.9% across all centers. Undergoing a cervicomedullary decompression (CMD) was a strong predictor for treatment of hydrocephalus (OR 5.8, 95% CI 3.9–8.4), although that association has disappeared in those born since 2010 (OR 1.1, 95% CI 0.2–5.7). In patients born since 1990, treatment of hydrocephalus with endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) has become more common; it was used as the first line of treatment in 38% of patients in the most recent decade. Kaplan-Meier analysis suggests that a single ETV will treat hydrocephalus in roughly half of these patients.

CONCLUSIONS

While many children with achondroplasia have features of hydrocephalus with enlarged intracranial CSF spaces and relative macrocephaly, treatment of hydrocephalus in achondroplasia patients has become relatively uncommon in the last 20 years. Historically, there was a significant association between symptomatic foramen magnum stenosis and treatment of hydrocephalus, although concurrent treatment of both has fallen out of favor with the recognition that CMD alone will treat hydrocephalus in some patients. Despite good experimental data demonstrating that hydrocephalus in achondroplasia is best understood as communicating in nature, ETV appears to be reasonably successful in certain patients and should be considered an option in selected patients.
The LexMeta Model for Lexical Resources
Authors: Labropoulou Penny , Lindemann David , Klaes Christiane , Gkirtzou Katerina
Published: September 2023

This paper presents LexMeta, a metadata model for the description of lexical resources, such as dictionaries, word lists, glossaries, etc., to be used in language data catalogues mainly targeting the lexicographic and broader humanities communities but also users exploiting such resources in their research and applications. A comparative review of similar models is made in order to show the differences and commonalities with LexMeta. To enhance semantic interoperability and support the exchange of (meta)data across disciplinary and general catalogues, the most influential models for our purposes, namely FRBR (used in library catalogues) and META-SHARE (used for language resources), are selected as a base for the design of LexMeta. We discuss how these models are aligned and extended with new properties as required for the description of lexical resources. The formal representation of the model following the Linked Data paradigm aims to further enhance the semantic interoperability. The choice to implement it in two formats (as an RDF/OWL and as a Wikibase ontology) facilitates its adoption and hence its enrichment, yet poses challenges as to their synchronisation, which are addressed through automatic workflows. We conclude with ongoing and planned activities for the improvement of the model.
Anotacijska shema i njezina evaluacija
Authors: Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk Barbara , Žitnik Slavko , Dontcheva-Navratilova Olga , Borowiak Agnieszka , Despot Kristina , Mitrović Jelena , Liebeskind Chaya , Valunaite Oleskevicienė Giedre , Bączkowska Anna , Wilson Paul A. , Trojszczak Marcin , Brač Ivana , Filipić Lobel , Ostroški Anić Ana
Published: September 2023

The present paper focuses on the presentation and discussion of aspects of OFFENSIVE LANGUAGE linguistic annotation, including the creation, annotation practice, curation, and evaluation of an OFFENSIVE LANGUAGE annotation taxonomy scheme, that was first proposed in Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk et al. (2021). An extended offensive language ontology comprising 17 categories, structured in terms of 4 hierarchical levels, has been shown to represent the encoding of the defined offensive language schema, trained in terms of non-contextual word embeddings – i.e., Word2Vec and Fast Text, and eventually juxtaposed to the data acquired by using a pair wise training and testing analysis for existing categories in the HateBERT model (Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk et al. submitted). The study reports on the annotation practice in WG 4.1.1. Incivility in media and social media in the context of COST Action CA 18209 European network for Web-centred linguistic data science (Nexus Linguarum) with the INCEpTION tool (https://github.com/inception-project/inception) – a semantic annotation platform offering assistance in the annotation. The results partly support the proposed ontology of explicit offense and positive implicitness types to provide more variance among widely recognized types of figurative language (e.g., metaphorical, metonymic, ironic, etc.). The use of the annotation system and the representation of linguistic data were also evaluated in a series of the annotators’ comments, by means of a questionnaire and an open discussion. The annotation results and the questionnaire showed that for some of the categories there was low or medium inter-annotator agreement, and it was more challenging for annotators to distinguish between category items than between aspect items, with the category items offensive, insulting and abusive being the most difficult in this respect. The need for taxonomic simplification measures on the basis of these results has been recognized for further annotation practices.
Caracterización y evaluación del uso de abreviaturas peligrosas en un hospital de Quito, Ecuador
Authors: Bonifaz-Valverde Marco , Arbeláez-Rodríguez Gloria , Ochoa-Andrade Miguel , Barberán-Torres Pedro
Published: September 2023

Introducción. Las abreviaturas peligrosas no permitidas empleadas en el registro de la Historia Clínica, por una interpretación errónea, podrían desencadenar en eventos adversos asociados en la atención de salud. Objetivo. Caracterizar y evaluar el uso de abreviaturas peligrosas en los servicios clínicos y quirúrgicos del Hospital General del Sur de Quito, período del 1 de enero al 31 de diciembre del 2021 Métodos. Estudio descriptivo transversal, se revisó 15 786 atenciones registradas en las Historias Clínicas del Hospital General del Sur de Quito de 42 dependencias clínicas y quirúrgicas, se incluyó el uso de abreviaturas peligrosas, se excluyó las siglas permitidas acorde a la normativa del Ministerio de Salud Pública del Ecuador. Se consolidó la información en una base de datos en formato Excel 2017 y se analizó el cumplimiento y frecuencias de abreviaturas empleadas con el programa SPSS Versión 22.0. Resultados. El 69,84 % (n=11 026 atenciones) cumplió con el uso adecuado de abreviaturas permitidas, el área clínica con el 74,9 % y el área quirúrgica con el 62,62 %. Se encontraron 6 199 abreviaturas peligrosas, con mayor frecuencia fueron “(…) FR, FC, LPM, RPM, TA, TAM, RX, GSRN, CD4, M2, CD8, ASC, ECG, AQX, NPO, VIH, BH, FUM, HTA, RHB, SAT, GSM, TAC, RHA, DH, RP, APP, AM, TTO, IDG (…)”. Conclusiones. Se determinaron porcentajes de mayor cumplimiento en las dependencias clínicas, seguidas de las quirúrgicas. Las abreviaturas empleadas en los registros de las Historias Clínicas no constan en el Acuerdo Ministerial 00000115, Manual de Seguridad del paciente – usuario, del Ministerio de Salud Pública del Ecuador.
The Evolution of Parliamentarism in Africa in the Context of Social Transformation and the Formation of a Multipolar World
Authors: Sadovskaya Lubov M.
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the study of parliaments’ role in the state structure of African countries and their place in the system of powers’ separation. It is noted that, for historical reasons, the presidential rather than parliamentary form of government prevails in many countries.
In the mass consciousness, the function of the president is still associated with the role of the leader. But the constitutions of African states have been changed compared to those that existed in the 1950–1980s. They have significantly expanded the powers of representative authorities. But they are not always and not fully implemented in practice.
The personalization of power also weakens the prestige of legislative assemblies. There are also other causes hindering the development of parliamentarism, which are discussed in detail in this article. Along with such causes, the positive shifts towards the strengthening parliaments’ role on the continent are analyzed. The situation is improving, especially in South Africa, where the level of executive control is quite strong. Parliamentary sessions and budget voting are regularly held in most African countries.
The analysis of new constitutional legislative and regulatory acts makes it possible to detect a formal increase in the powers of parliament in drafting laws.
The paper examines the Pan-African Parliament’s activities in the structures of the African Union. The causes that prevent the Parliament from becoming a full-fledged legislative body are examined.
Attention is paid to the prospects for strengthening Russian-African cooperation, which received a new impetus after the Second International Parliamentary Conference “Russia – Africa” held in Moscow in March 2023. This forum confirmed the political solidarity of African countries with Russia in the context of the formation of a just multipolar world. It outlined the vector of future inter-parliamentary cooperation between African countries and Russia.
Improving the constitutional and legal policy of the Russian Federation in the field of regulating the educational activities of universities in the context of globalization and regionalization
Authors: Khizhnyak Veronika S.
Published: September 2023

In the article discusses the features of the educational activities of higher educational institutions in Russia in the context of globalization and regionalization. The features of improving the constitutional and legal policy of the Russian Federation in the field of educational activities of universities at the present stage are analyzed. Relevance of the study is justified by the fact that the improving the constitutional and legal policy in this area is the key not only to economic stability, but will also contribute to the solution of political issues. The purpose of this study is to develop, based on an analysis of the provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, universal and regional international agreements, legal acts, foreign experience, the works of legal scholars, economists and sociologists, proposals for improving the constitutional and legal policy in the field of educational activities of universities, taking into account modern tendencies of globalization, regionalization and the need to preserve and develop Russian culture and traditions. As a result of the study, the main trends in the field of higher education were identified, both at the global and regional levels. The experience of the People’s Republic of China on the development of higher education, corresponding to the trends of modern world and regional processes and the goal of preserving national traditions and culture, was analyzed, its features and positive features that could be borrowed by the Russian Federation were identified. Proposals were developed to improve Russian legislation and create strategic documents in this area. In particular, the goals and principles of the concept of the development of higher education in Russia were formulated. The main directions of development of the constitutional and legal policy of the Russian Federation in the field of educational activities of universities are identified: improving the quality of education, their competitiveness in foreign markets, the adequacy of education to modern socio-economic and cultural conditions.
Election of magistrates as a preventive measure their possible deviant behavior: critical analysis of the legal tradition
Authors: Tuganov Yuri N.
Published: September 2023

The article examines the electability of justices of the peace, which is regarded as a cross-cutting value maxim of the justice of the peace since 1864 and is positioned as a basic component. Clarification of the degree of influence of the election of judges on the prevention of deviant behavior of individual holders of judicial power is carried out using the methodology of historical and legal analysis of the legal terms of the Judicial Statutes of the Russian Empire of November 20, 1864 and extrapolation of their results in the Russian Federation. The monoconceptual vision of elections as a procedure for granting judicial powers to candidates for justices of the peace of the XIX - early XX century is supplemented by the authors’ argument, according to which this procedure was in fact a five-stage technology for completing judicial posts by appointment. The decision on the personalities from the list of candidates compiled by the leader of the nobility and approved by the governor was taken by vote. But voting itself is not an election.
Informal employment in the Russian labor market: causes and legal responsibility
Authors: Kiseleva Elena V.
Published: September 2023

The article examines the category of “informal employment” as one of the key problems of the modern labor market in Russia. Attention is focused on new types of employment, which are not always subject to legal regulation. The reasons for the increase in informal employment, which leads to negative economic consequences, the legal insecurity of citizens, are substantiated. The existing legal liability does not fully solve these problems. Other approaches are proposed to reduce informal employment in Russia.
Preconditions for the right to bring claim: state of the art
Authors: Mikhailova Ekaterina V.
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the study of the prerequisites of the right to sue in modern conditions. The foundations of the traditional doctrine of the prerequisites and conditions for applying to the court with a statement of claim were laid in the early Soviet period, including in the works of outstanding scientists of the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Currently, procedural legislation in Russia is characterized by a pronounced differentiation of procedural forms of protection. If in the Soviet period all civil cases were considered and resolved by a court of general jurisdiction within the framework of a single civil procedure, today administrative and arbitration proceedings have received the status of an independent form of protection. Accordingly, there was a problem of criteria for distinguishing the entire array of civil cases not only within the judicial system, but also according to the applicable procedural forms of protection of violated rights, freedoms and legitimate interests. We are talking about the jurisdiction of civil cases – the basic prerequisite of the right to sue. Despite the refusal of the legislator to use this term, the main task of the holder of the violated right when applying for judicial protection is still to determine the competent judicial authority. In addition, his duty is also to determine the procedural legislation applicable in the case (this can be called the “applicability of the procedural form”). Another prerequisite for the right to initiate a civil case is the applicant’s compliance with the mandatory pre-trial (claim) procedure for dispute settlement in a number of civil cases. Based on the theoretical analysis of the categories “civil case”, “out-of-court dispute settlement”, research of the legal nature of Civil Law, conclusions and proposals for improving the current procedural legislation are formulated.
Pemetaan Nilai Regangan Geser Tanah Untuk Kejadian-Kejadian Gempa Bumi Dengan Magnitude M ≥ 6.0 Sr Di Kota Jayapura
Authors: Boy Bonifasius Y. , Mantiri Steven Y.Y. , Anouw Kezia N.
Published: September 2023

Penelitian regangan geser tanah untuk gempa bumi dengan magnitudo M 6,00 SR dengan melibatkan data mikrotremor telah dilakukan untuk wilayah Kota Jayapura. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperkirakan dan memetakan nilai regangan geser tanah akibat kejadian gempa bumi dengan skala magnitudo M≥6.0 SR. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode pengukuran lapangan dan analisis geofisika lanjutan. Spektrum mikrotremor diukur menggunakan alat perekam seismograf. Data mikrotremor dianalisis menggunakan metode HVSR (Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio) untuk mengetahui frekuensi dan periode tanah dominan, dimana nilai tersebut digunakan untuk menghitung nilai regangan geser tanah. Daerah penelitian meliputi wilayah Kota Jayapura dengan koordinat 2.0 – 4.0 Selatan dan 139,0 – 141,5 Timur. Pengukuran mikrotremor dilakukan pada 50 titik pengukuran. Gempa kontrol yang digunakan adalah 10 kejadian terpilih pada periode 1964 – 2021. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai regangan geser tanah untuk terjadinya 3 gempa dengan magnitudo M≥6.00 SR memberikan hasil yang bervariasi. Gempa bumi 16 Desember 2018, pukul 09:42:37,200 GMT memberikan ukuran 4,5811 x 10-4 – 1,2990 x 10-2. Gempa 17 September 2016, pukul 01:20:17.940 GMT memberikan ukuran 1,8740 x 10-3 – 4,6295 x 10-2. Gempa 18 Januari 2020, pukul 16:38:14,301 GMT memberikan ukuran 4,4302 x 10-4 – 1,1713 x 10-2. Nilai regangan geser tanah tertinggi terjadi di Kecamatan Abepura bagian utara, sekitar Kabupaten Heram bagian tengah dan utara, serta Kecamatan Muara Tami bagian tengah. Fenomena yang mungkin terjadi berupa getaran, gelombang, subsidensi dan pemadatan tanah serta longsor.
Model Konsep Hukum Ampere dan Penerapannya Untuk Menentukan Arus Listrik Di dalam Material-Material Semikonduktor
Authors: Ngaderman Hubertus , Sinaga Ego Srivajawaty
Published: September 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memverifikasikan konsep hukum Ampere secara teoritis dan mengadopsi konsep tersebut guna mencari arus listrik di dalam divais-divais berbasis material semikonduktor. Metode yang digunakan di dalam penelitian ini adalah mengkaji secara teoritis konsep tentang hukum Ampere dan membuktikan hukum tersebut di dalam bahasa matematis, oleh karena itu dihadirkan piranti matematis yaitu operator del yang menjadikan divergensi dan curl di dalam usaha untuk membuktikan kebenaran hukum Ampere. Bukan hanya meninjau operator matematis, tetapi juga sedikit komputasi untuk menghitung arus listrik di dalam material semikonduktor dan dioda  junction. Di dalam membuktikan ketiadaan arus listrik di dalam arah sejajar medan magnet material semikonduktor dan dioda  junction, digunakan divergensi medan magnet. Untuk membuktikan adanya arus listrik di dalam material semikonduktor dan dioda  junction, digunakan curl medan magnet.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Fisika Berbasis Android Menggunakan Aplikasi Ispring Suite 10 & Website 2 Apk Builder
Authors: M Musdar , Sutrisno Sutrisno , Alfarisa Muh. Faizal
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran berbasis android menggunakan aplikasi ispring suite 10 & website 2 apk builder pada materi gerak lurus yang berkualitas baik mencakup valid, praktis, dan efektif untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas X MIPA SMA Negeri 1 Campalagian yang berjumlah 24 orang. Prosedur pengembangan media pembelajaran berbasis android menggunakan aplikasi ispring suite 10 & website 2 apk builder menggunakan model ADDIE yang terdiri dari tahap analisis, tahap desain, tahap pengembangan, tahap implementasi, dan tahap evaluasi. Media pembelajaran berbasis android menggunakan aplikasi ispring suite 10 & website 2 apk builder yang telah dikembangkan telah memenuhi kriteria valid dengan rata-rata skor 0,8, ini berarti bahwa media pembelajaran berbasis android menggunakan aplikasi ispring suite 10 & website 2 apk builder termasuk pada kategori sangat valid dan layak untuk digunakan. Selanjutnya, hasil dari uji coba diketahui bahwa media pembelajaran berbasis android telah memenuhi kriteria praktis dan efektif, ini dapat dilihat dari rata-rata persentase angket respon peserta didik sebesar 92,85% dengan kategori sangat praktis. Sedangkan, keefektifan media pembelajaran berbasis android dapat dilihat dari rata-rata ketuntasan hasil belajar peserta didik yaitu sebesar 83,3 % dengan kategori sangat efektif.
Tinjauan Konseptual Vibrasi Molekul dan Mekanika Klasik Untuk Spektrofotometri Molekuler
Authors: Ngaderman Hubertus , Sinaga Ego Srivajawaty , Anou Kezia Noviani
Published: September 2023

Tujuan dari penelitian ini, yang pertama adalah meninjau vibrasi antar molekul dengan melihat pada konsep mekanika klasik yaitu getaran antara dua partikel yang dihubungkan dengan pegas. Pegas disini diartikan sebagai sebuah benda mikroskopis yang mempunyai suatu konstanta pegas. Dan yang kedua adalah konstanta  pegas dari molekul tersebut diketahui maka frekuensi getar akan didapat, sesudah itu energi vibrasi molekul diperoleh. Untuk mendapatkan spektra vibrasi molekul maka digunakan metode konsep mekanika klasik untuk menentukan massa reduksi, konstanta pegas , frekuensi . Mekanika kuantum digunakan untuk menentukan energi vibrasi molekul . Dari metode konsep diatas maka didapatkan besaran-besaran massa reduksi dan konstanta pegas , dimana besaran-besaran tersebut adalah parameter untuk menentukan energi vibrasi molekul untuk hidrogen  dan natrium klorida .
Experimental Investigation and Theoretical Prediction of Forming Limit Diagram of DP600 Steel Sheets
Authors: Zheng Qiuli , Yan Jiaming , An Xiujuan , Li Jieqing , Liu Haoyang
Published: September 2023

This work established strain-based forming limit diagrams (FLDs) for DP600 steel sheets by means of experimental investigation and theoretical prediction. The results showed that compared to the theoretical forming limit curve (FLC), predicted by Keeler equation, the theoretical FLCs predicted by the Hill’79 yield criterion, or the Logan-Hosford yield criterion, were more suitable for predicting the forming limit of DP600 steel sheets. Solutions from the analytical methods were compared to experimental FLD, established based on combining uniaxial tensile tests and hydraulic bulging tests, only with an error of 3 %, proving the rationality and accuracy of the theoretical prediction.
Using Pre-Trained Language Models for Abstractive DBPEDIA Summarization: A Comparative Study
Authors: Zahera Hamada M. , Vitiugin Fedor , Sherif Mohamed Ahmed , Castillo Carlos , Ngonga Ngomo Axel-Cyrille
Published: September 2023

Purpose: This study addresses the limitations of current short abstracts of DBPEDIA entities, which often lack a comprehensive overview due to their creating method (i.e., selecting the first two-three sentences from the full DBPEDIA abstracts). Methodology: We leverage pre-trained language models to generate abstractive summaries of DBPEDIA abstracts in six languages (English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, and Dutch). We performed several experiments to assess the quality of generated summaries by language models. In particular, we evaluated the generated summaries using human judgments and automated metrics (Self-ROUGE and BERTScore). Additionally, we studied the correlation between human judgments and automated metrics in evaluating the generated summaries under different aspects: informativeness, coherence, conciseness, and fluency. Findings: Pre-trained language models generate summaries more concise and informative than existing short abstracts. Specifically, BART-based models effectively overcome the limitations of DBPEDIA short abstracts, especially for longer ones. Moreover, we show that BERTScore and ROUGE-1 are reliable metrics for assessing the informativeness and coherence of the generated summaries with respect to the full DBPEDIA abstracts. We also find a negative correlation between conciseness and human ratings. Furthermore, fluency evaluation remains challenging without human judgment. Value: This study has significant implications for various applications in machine learning and natural language processing that rely on DBPEDIA resources. By providing succinct and comprehensive summaries, our approach enhances the quality of DBPEDIA abstracts and contributes to the semantic web community.
Towards a Versatile Terminology Service for Empowering FAIR Research Data: Enabling Ontology Discovery, Design, Curation, and Utilization Across Scientific Communities
Authors: Strömert Philip , Limbachia Vatsal , Oladazimi Pooya , Hunold Johannes , Koepler Oliver
Published: September 2023

To fully harness the potential of data, the creation of machine-readable data and utilization of the FAIR Data Principles is vital for successful data-driven science. Ontologies serve as the foundation for generating semantically rich, FAIR data that machines can understand, enabling seamless data integration and exchange across scientific disciplines. In this paper, we introduce a versatile Terminology Service that supports various tasks, including discovery, provision, as well as ontology design and curation. This service offers unified access to a vast array of ontologies across scientific disciplines, encouraging their reuse, improvement, and maturation. We present a user-driven service development approach, along with a use case involving a collaborative ontology design process, engaging domain experts, knowledge workers, and ontology engineers. This collaboration incorporates the application and evaluation of the Terminology Service, as well as supplementary tools, workflows, and collaboration models. We demonstrate the feasibility, prerequisites, and ongoing challenges related to developing Terminology Services that address numerous aspects of ontology utilization for producing FAIR, machine-actionable data.
Native Execution of GraphQL Queries over RDF Graphs Using Multi-Way Joins
Authors: Karalis Nikolaos , Bigerl Alexander , Ngonga Ngomo Axel-Cyrille
Published: September 2023

Purpose: The query language GraphQL has gained significant traction in recent years. In particular, it has recently gained the attention of the semantic web and graph database communities and is now often used as a means to query knowledge graphs. Most of the storage solutions that support GraphQL rely on a translation layer to map the said language to another query language that they support natively, for example SPARQL. Methodology: Our main innovation is a multi-way left-join algorithm inspired by worst-case optimal multi-way join algorithms. This novel algorithm enables the native execution of GraphQL queries over RDF knowledge graphs. We evaluate our approach in two settings using the LinGBM benchmark generator. Findings: The experimental results suggest that our solution outperforms the state-of-the-art graph storage solution for GraphQL with respect to both query runtimes and scalability. Value: Our solution is implemented in an open-sourced triple store, and is intended to advance the development of representation-agnostic storage solutions for knowledge graphs.