bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acute kidney injury due to multiple bee stings in a 3 years old girl
Authors: Mellyana Omega , Adelina Dessy , Kusuma Jati
Published: September 2019

Background:

Bee stings can lead to mild to severe allergic reaction . Serious complications of bee stings include hypersensitivity to the venom, which can develop after a single sting, and acute renal failure which has been reported mostly secondary of intravascular hemolysis developing after multiple bee stings. We report here a child who developed multiorgan system involvement.

Case presentation: A-3 years-old-girl was admitted to Kariadi Hospital with multiple bee stings and referred due to acute kidney injury stage failure by local hospital. Clinical finding were anasarca edema, gastrointestinal bleeding, oliguria (0.8ml/kgBW/hours), stage II hypertension (124/99mmHg), flaccid paraparesis inferior. Laboratory finding were   hypoalbuminemia (2.4g/dL), anemia (6g/dl), leukocytosis (35.800/mm3), electrolyte imbalance (hypocalsemia:1.66mg/dL) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 8.09 ml/min/1.73m2. Chest-X ray showed pulmonary edema and duplex pleural effusion. The renal function recovered with supportive management including four sessions of haemodialysis. Patient discharged from the hospital on the nineteenth day.

Conclusions: Multiple bee stings can lead multiorgan system involvement

Keyword: Bee sting, acute kidney injury, hemodialisys
Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi, Kepemimpinan, Lingkungan Kerja dan Motivasi Sebagai Variabel Intervening Terhadap Kinerja Dosen Politeknik di Kota Bekasi
Authors: Putra Pane Diapari Sosagaon
Published: September 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh budaya organisasi, kepemimpinan, lingkungan kerja dan motivasi sebagai variabel intervening terhadap kinerja dosen politeknik di kota bekasi. Penelitian ini menganalisis data dari sampel sebanyak 99 dosen yang diambil dengan menggunakan metode stratifikasi random sampling dari populasi sebanyak 132. Dosen tersebut adalah dosen yang mengajar pada Politeknik di Kota Bekasi. Pengambilan data dilakukan mulai dari Januari-Maret 2019. Analisis data menggunakan model SEM dengan menggunakan program AMOS versi 22,0. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan Budaya Organisasi berpengaruh positif terhadap motivasi, kepemimpinan berpengaruh positif terhadap motivasi, Lingkungan kerja berpengaruh positif terhadap motivasi, motivasi berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja dosen, budaya organisasi berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja dosen, Kepemimpinan berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja dosen, lingkungan kerja berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja dosen, Budaya organisasi berpengaruh terhadap kinerja dosen melalui motivasi, kepemimpinan berpengaruh terhadap kinerja dosen melalui motivasi dan lingkungan kerja berpengaruh terhadap kinerja dosen melalui motivasi. Kata Kunci: Budaya Organisasi, Kepemimpinan, Lingkungan Kerja, Motivasi, Kinerja Dosen
A Data Reduction Pipeline for Gemini-North’s Near-infrared Integral Field Spectrometer
Authors: Lemoine-Busserolle Marie , Comeau Nathaniel , Kielty Collin , Klemmer Kerry , Schwamb Megan E.
Published: September 2019

We present a python package, called Nifty4Gemini, and its associated Pyraf/Python based pipeline for processing Gemini-North Near-Infrared Integral Field Spectrometer (NIFS) observations. Built on the Gemini IRAF package’s capabilities, Nifty4Gemini's associated NIFS pipeline is a data reduction package which reduces NIFS raw data and produces a flux and wavelength calibrate science cube with the full signal-to-noise ratio, ready for science analysis. It utilizes tasks from the Gemini IRAF package, PyRAF, and packages from the Gemini AstroConda environment. Nifty4Gemini is a configuration-based pipeline framework written in python which is easily extensible to integrate additional pipelines and user-defined scripts. Nifty4Gemini is open source and available for download at https://github.com/mrlb05/Nifty4Gemini with its documentation available at https://nifty4gemini.readthedocs.io/en/latest/. A permanent version of the software described in this paper is archived at https://zenodo.org/record/1000413.
Two Long-period Cataclysmic Variable Stars: ASASSN-14ho and V1062 Cyg
Authors: Gasque L. Claire , Hening Callum A. , Hviding Raphael E. , Thorstensen John R. , Paterson Kerry , Breytenbach Hannes , Motsoaledi Mokhine , Woudt Patrick A.
Published: September 2019

We report spectroscopy and photometry of the cataclysmic variable stars ASASSN-14ho and V1062 Cyg. Both are dwarf novae with spectra dominated by their secondary stars, which we classify approximately as K4 and M0.5, respectively. Their orbital periods, determined mostly from the secondary stars’ radial velocities, proved to be nearly identical, respectively 350.14 ± 0.15 and 348.25 ± 0.60 minutes. The Hα emission line in V1062 Cyg displays a relatively sharp emission component that tracks the secondary’s motion, which may arise on the irradiated face of the secondary; this is not often seen and may indicate an unusually strong flux of ionizing radiation. Both systems exhibit double-peaked orbital modulation consistent with ellipsoidal variation from the changing aspect of the secondary. We model these variations to constrain the orbital inclination i, and estimate approximate component masses based on i and the secondary velocity amplitude K
2.
The Origin of the Late-time Luminosity of Supernova 2011dh
Authors: Maund Justyn R.
Published: September 2019

Due to the small amount of hydrogen (≤0.1 M
⊙) remaining on the surface of their progenitors, SNe IIb are sensitive probes of the mass-loss processes of massive stars toward the ends of their lives, including the role of binarity. We report late-time Hubble Space Telescope observations of SN 2011dh in M51, and a brief period of rebrightening and plateau in the photometric light curve, from 1.8 to 6.2 yr after the explosion. These observations exclude the role of circumstellar interaction, however, a slow rotating magnetar, a significant quantity of radioactive elements, or a light echo could be responsible for the late-time luminosity observed at t > 1000 days. If the late-time light curve is powered by the decay of radioactive elements, SN 2011dh is required to have produced ∼2.6 × 10−3
M
⊙ of 44Ti, which is significantly in excess of the amount inferred from earlier nebular spectra of SN 2011dh itself or measured in the Cas A SN remnant. The evolution of the brightness and the color of the late-time light curve also supports the role of a light echo originating from dust with a preferred geometry of a disk of extent ∼1.8 to ∼2.7 pc from the SN, consistent with a wind-blown bubble. Accounting for the long-term photometric evolution due to a light echo, the flux contribution from a surviving binary companion at ultraviolet wavelengths can be isolated and corresponds to a star of ∼9–10 M
⊙.
On the Occurrence of Crossings between the Angular Distributions of Electron Neutrinos and Antineutrinos in the Supernova Core
Authors: Shalgar Shashank , Tamborra Irene
Published: September 2019

Neutrino fast pairwise conversions have been postulated to occur in the dense core of a core-collapse supernova (SN), possibly having dramatic consequences on the SN mechanism and the observable neutrino signal. One crucial condition favoring pairwise conversions is the presence of crossings between the electron neutrino and antineutrino angular distributions (i.e., electron neutrino lepton number crossings, ELN crossings). A stationary and spherically symmetric SN toy model is constructed to reproduce the development of the neutrino angular distributions in the dense SN core in the absence of perturbations induced by hydrodynamical instabilities. By iteratively solving the neutrino Boltzmann equations including the collisional term, our model predicts that ELN crossings can develop only in the proximity of the decoupling region and for a sharp radial evolution of the baryon density, when the electron neutrino and antineutrino number densities are comparable. Such conditions are likely to occur only in the late SN stages. Interestingly, flavor instabilities induced by spatial or temporal perturbations are unlikely to generate ELN crossings dynamically within our simplified setup.
Homogeneous Analysis of Hot Earths: Masses, Sizes, and Compositions
Authors: Dai Fei , Masuda Kento , Winn Joshua N. , Zeng Li
Published: September 2019

Terrestrial planets have been found orbiting Sun-like stars with extremely short periods—some as short as 4 hr. These “ultra-short-period planets” or “hot Earths” are so strongly irradiated that any initial H/He atmosphere has probably been lost to photoevaporation. As such, the sample of hot Earths may give us a glimpse at the rocky cores that are often enshrouded by thick H/He envelopes on wider-orbiting planets. However, the mass and radius measurements of hot Earths have been derived from a hodgepodge of different modeling approaches, and include several cases of contradictory results. Here, we perform a homogeneous analysis of the complete sample of 11 known hot Earths with an insolation exceeding 650 times that of the Earth. We combine all available data for each planet, incorporate parallax information from Gaia to improve the stellar and planetary parameters, and use Gaussian process regression to account for correlated noise in the radial-velocity data. The homogeneous analysis leads to a smaller dispersion in the apparent composition of hot Earths, although there does still appear to be some intrinsic dispersion. Most of the planets are consistent with an Earth-like composition (35% iron and 65% rock), but two planets (K2-141b and K2-229b) show evidence for a higher iron fraction, and one planet (55 Cnc e) has either a very low iron fraction or an envelope of low-density volatiles. All of the planets are less massive than 8 M
⊕, despite the selection bias toward more massive planets, suggesting that 8 M
⊕ is the critical mass for runaway accretion.
Time-reversed Gamma-Ray Burst Light-curve Characteristics as Transitions between Subluminal and Superluminal Motion
Authors: Hakkila Jon , Nemiroff Robert
Published: September 2019

We introduce a simple model to explain the time-reversed and stretched residuals in gamma-ray burst (GRB) pulse light curves. In this model an impactor wave in an expanding GRB jet accelerates from subluminal to superluminal velocities, or decelerates from superluminal to subluminal velocities. The impactor wave interacts with the surrounding medium to produce Cerenkov and/or other collisional radiation when traveling faster than the speed of light in this medium, and other mechanisms (such as thermalized Compton or synchrotron shock radiation) when traveling slower than the speed of light. These transitions create both a time-forward and a time-reversed set of light-curve features through the process of relativistic image doubling. The model can account for a variety of unexplained yet observed GRB pulse behaviors, including the amount of stretching observed in time-reversed GRB pulse residuals and the relationship between stretching factor and pulse asymmetry. The model is applicable to all GRB classes since similar pulse behaviors are observed in long/intermediate GRBs, short GRBs, and X-ray flares. The free model parameters are the impactor’s Lorentz factor when moving subluminally, its Lorentz factor when moving superluminally, and the speed of light in the impacted medium.
The Analogous Structure of Accretion Flows in Supermassive and Stellar Mass Black Holes: New Insights from Faded Changing-look Quasars
Authors: Ruan John J. , Anderson Scott F. , Eracleous Michael , Green Paul J. , Haggard Daryl , MacLeod Chelsea L. , Runnoe Jessie C. , Sobolewska Malgosia A.
Published: September 2019

Despite their factor of ∼108 difference in black hole mass, several lines of evidence suggest possible similarities between black hole accretion flows in active galactic nuclei (AGN) and Galactic X-ray binaries. However, it is still unclear whether the geometry of the disk–corona system in X-ray binaries directly scales up to AGN and whether this analogy still holds in different accretion states. We test this AGN/X-ray binary analogy by comparing the observed correlations between the UV–to–X-ray spectral index (α
OX) and Eddington ratio in AGN to those predicted from observations of X-ray binary outbursts. This approach probes the geometry of their disk–corona systems as they transition between different accretion states. We use new Chandra X-ray and ground-based rest-UV observations of faded “changing-look” quasars to extend this comparison to lower Eddington ratios of <10−2, where observations of X-ray binaries predict a softening of α
OX in AGN. We find that the observed correlations between the α
OX and Eddington ratio of AGN displays a remarkable similarity to accretion state transitions in prototypical X-ray binary outbursts, including an inversion of this correlation at a critical Eddington ratio of ∼10−2. Our results suggest that the structures of black hole accretion flows directly scale across a factor of ∼108 in black hole mass and across different accretion states, enabling us to apply theoretical models of X-ray binaries to explain AGN phenomenology.
Forward Modeling of a Pseudostreamer
Authors: Karna Nishu , Savcheva Antonia , Dalmasse Kévin , Gibson Sarah , Tassev Svetlin , Toma Giuliana de , DeLuca Edward E.
Published: September 2019

In this paper, we present an analysis of a pseudostreamer embedding a filament cavity, observed on 2015 April 18 on the solar southwest limb. We use the flux-rope insertion method to construct nonlinear force-free field (NLFFF) models constrained by observed Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO)/AIA coronal structures and the SDO/Helioseismic Magnetic Imager photospheric magnetogram. The resulting magnetic field models are forward-modeled to produce synthetic data directly comparable to Mauna Loa Solar Observatory/Coronal Multichannel Polarimeter (CoMP) observations of the intensity and linear polarization of the Fe xiii 1074.7 nm infrared coronal emission line using FORWARD. In addition, we determine the location of quasi-separatrix layers in the magnetic models, producing a Q-map from which the signatures of magnetic null points and separatrices can be identified. An apparent magnetic null observed in linear polarization by CoMP is reproduced by the model and appears in the region of the 2D-projected magnetic null in the Q-map. Further, we find that the height of the CoMP null is better reproduced by our NLFFF model than by the synthetic data we produce with potential-field source-surface models, implying the presence of a flux rope in the northern lobe of the pseudostreamer.
Linear Acoustic Waves in a Nonisothermal Atmosphere. II. Photospheric Resonator Model of Three-minute Umbral Oscillations
Authors: Chae Jongchul , Kang Juhyung , Litvinenko Yuri E.
Published: September 2019

The velocity oscillations observed in the chromosphere of sunspot umbrae resemble a resonance in that their power spectra are sharply peaked around a period of about three minutes. In order to describe the resonance that leads to the observed 3-minute oscillations, we propose the photospheric resonator model of acoustic waves in the solar atmosphere. The acoustic waves are driven by the motion of a piston at the lower boundary, and propagate in a nonisothermal atmosphere that consists of the lower layer (photosphere), where temperature rapidly decreases with height, and the upper layer (chromosphere), where temperature slowly increases with height. We have obtained the following results: (1) The lower layer (photosphere) acts as a leaky resonator of acoustic waves. The bottom end is established by the piston, and the top end by the reflection at the interface between the two layers. (2) The temperature minimum region partially reflects and partially transmits acoustic waves of frequencies around the acoustic cutoff frequency at the temperature minimum. (3) The resonance occurs in the photospheric layer at one frequency around this cutoff frequency. (4) The waves escaping the photospheric layer appear as upward-propagating waves in the chromosphere. The power spectrum of the velocity oscillation observed in the chromosphere can be fairly well reproduced by this model. The photospheric resonator model was compared with the chromospheric resonator model and the propagating wave model.
Réinterprétation sociale locale et mémoires familiales de l’immigration aveyronnaise à Pigüé (Province de Buenos Aires, Argentine)
Authors: Albaladejo Christophe , Sassone Susana , Bustos Cara Roberto
Published: September 2019

Résumé Cet article analyse un cas de revalorisation locale récente d’un passé d’immigration marginale (l’immigration française) dans un pays marqué par l’immigration massive : l’Argentine. Ce cas est constitué par la petite ville pampéenne de Pigüé qui a été fondée par des colons aveyronnais à la fin du xix e siècle. À travers 17 entretiens approfondis conduits auprès d’acteurs locaux en 2016 et 2017, et 4 entretiens menés en France auprès de responsables de la coopération avec Pigüé, nous analysons dans cet article les formes de distinction des lieux, les expressions culturelles, les moments particuliers (festivités), les pratiques culinaires et l’usage de la langue française. L’article met en évidence deux processus qui ne sont pas portés par les mêmes sujets et institutions : une patrimonialisation fondée sur la famille et l’identité individuelle, et une patrimonialisation établie sur l’appartenance au territoire local ainsi qu’une appropriation par ses habitants d’un passé de migrants qui permet d’aborder la question du processus socioculturel par lequel un habitant de Pigüé non descendant de Français peut sentir que le patrimoine de l’immigration aveyronnaise lui appartient également.
L’archéologisation des imaginaires. La mise en valeur des vestiges au nord du Pérou entre injonction et appropriation
Authors: Canghiari Emanuela
Published: September 2019

Résumé Au Pérou, dans les années 1990, un champ patrimonial émerge sur la côte nord du pays. Cela se produit dans une conjoncture particulière. En effet, les importantes découvertes archéologiques conduisent l’élite régionale à reformuler un récit identitaire du Norte Grande basé sur un glorieux passé commun (la civilisation Moche ou Mochica). Cette « renaissance », impulsée par la décentralisation administrative et les politiques multiculturelles, s’inscrit dans un contexte de concurrence des mémoires. En effet, entre l’hégémonie culturelle de Cuzco d’une part et le centralisme économique de Lima de l’autre, la revalorisation de la région est amorcée à partir d’une injonction patrimoniale faisant coïncider l’identité Moche avec le nouveau découpage territorial et la recherche de dynamisme économique. L’authenticité, la filiation et la connexion avec le passé préhispanique deviennent ainsi des enjeux fondamentaux dans la production de légitimités au plan local. Ce processus sera analysé à partir de la comparaison de données ethnographiques recueillies à Túcume et à Huaca Rajada-Sipán (Lambayeque). Ces deux communautés ont adopté des stratégies d’appropriation des vestiges et des positionnements très divers, afin de faire reconnaître la concordance entre identité et territoire, et de devenir ainsi des acteurs dignes de patrimonialisation.
Comparison of Manual Capsulorhexis and 25-Gauge Vitrectorhexis in Pediatric Cataract Surgery: A Pilot Study
Authors: Raina Usha K. , Anjum Raffat , Gupta Shantanu Kumar , Kumar Brajesh , Saini Varun , Sharma Prateeksha , Goyal J. L.
Published: September 2019

Purpose:

To compare short-term visual outcomes (best corrected visual acuity [BCVA]), visual axis opacification, anterior (ACCC) and posterior (PCCC) continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis size, shape, and extension, and their decentration between manual capsulorhexis and 25-gauge vitrectorhexis in pediatric cataract surgery with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.

Methods:

Thirty eyes of children aged 3 to 8 years with developmental cataract were randomly selected for ACCC and PCCC by manual capsulorhexis forceps and 25-gauge vitrectomy cutter followed by IOL implantation and limited anterior vitrectomy. The size of the ACCC and PCCC was measured intraoperatively with calibrated capsulorhexis forceps. Patients were followed up for 3 months postoperatively and were evaluated for BCVA and visual axis opacification. Slit-lamp photographs of operated eyes were taken in retroillumination. The size in millimeters and decentration of the ACCC and PCCC from the center of the IOL were measured with the help of the Python imaging library.

Results:

There was no statistically significant difference between BCVA (
P
> .05), visual axis opacification (
P
> .05), size of the ACCC (
P
> .05) and its decentration (
P
> .05), extension of the rhexis (
P
> .05), and size of the PCCC (
P
> .05) and its decentration (
P
> .05) between the two methods.

Conclusions:

In both groups, BCVA, visual axis opacification, and ACCC and PCCC size, shape, and decentration from the center of the IOL were comparable, making 25-gauge vitrectorhexis a good alternative to manual capsulorhexis.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2019;56(5):327–332.]
Are Businesses Washing Consumerism With Green Ideology?
Authors: Massi Marta , Ottobrini Caterina Francesca
Published: September 2019

This chapter reviews the literature on green marketing from the sustainable marketing phase to the latest paradigm of green marketing based on the concept of consumer empowerment and customer-initiated innovation process. In particular, the authors delve into the evolution of green marketing in order to highlight critical contrasts including product-based vs. service-based green marketing approach; top-down (business-initiated) vs. bottom-up (customer-initiated) green-based innovation; physical vs. online distribution of green products/services; positioning and advertising vs. brand co-creation; passive vs. active/empowered role of consumers and focus on customers vs. focus on multiple stakeholders. This chapter illustrates, through a series of cases and consumer insights, the contradictions, and controversies of green marketing. The chapter shows how customer participation and value co-creation, have changed the way green products are consumed and developed, and have forced organizations to adopt completely new business models.
Ethical Consumerism in Tourism
Authors: Mingotto Erica , Montaguti Federica , Scarpellini Luca
Published: September 2019

The chapter focuses on responsible tourism as a form of ethical consumption, based on conscious travel choices and behavior. There is a growing demand for responsible tourism, although it seems to be characterized by some inconsistencies, both between tourists' intention and concrete behavior and between these behaviors and the official definitions promoted by the industry and institutions. Starting from the analysis of a recent survey about responsible tourism on the Italian market, the chapter then tries to investigate and explain these gaps, by applying the perspective of social studies and of researches on consumer tribes and new consumers' communities. The findings of the survey discussed in the chapter seem to confirm that consumers have their own perception of responsible tourism and that the meaning is discursively constructed within and outside responsible tourists' communities. Therefore, the intention-behavior gap and the difference between tourists' account of responsible tourism and “institutional” definitions cannot be categorized as true inconsistencies.
Ethical Consumerism and Effectiveness From a Cause-Related Marketing (CRM) Perspective
Authors: Mathews Soney , Nair Suja R.
Published: September 2019

There is a growing public awareness of ethical issues along with rising disposable income and increase in education and knowledge. This is triggering the ethical conscience of consumers and leading them to ethical consumerism. Ethical consumerism has grown out of the consumer interest and concern on issues and the practical application of marketing ethics to their purchase behaviors. Consumers are gradually accepting this phenomenon of ethical consumption as part of the lifestyle. In order to bring a change in the attitude of consumers towards ethical consumerism, corporates have started taking an initiative by incorporating a new method of marketing activity and tool called cause-related marketing (CRM). Ethical consumerism based on CRM campaign needs to be effective to build a corporate image. This study is an attempt to understand ethical consumerism and its effectiveness from the perspective of CRM and how it benefits the businesses.
Social Network Analysis
Authors: Sheik Abdullah A.  , Abiramie Shree T. G. R.
Published: September 2019

Each day, 2.5 quintillion bytes of data are generated due to our daily activity. It is due to the vast amount of use of the smart mobiles, Cloud data storage, and the Internet of Things. In earlier days, these technologies were utilized by large IT companies and the private sector, but now each person has a high-end smartphone along with the cloud and IoT for the easy storage of data and backup. The analysis of the data generated by social media is a tedious process and involves a lot of techniques. Some tools for social network analysis are: Gephi, Networkx, IGraph, Pajek, Node XL, and cytoscope. Apart from these tools there are various efficient social data analysis algorithms that are far more helpful in doing analytics. The need for and use of social network analysis is very helpful in our current problem of huge data generation. In this chapter, the need for the analysis of social data along with the tools that are needed for the analysis and the techniques that are to be implemented in the field of social data analysis are covered.
School Mass Shootings in America
Authors: Seungmug (Zech) Lee
Published: September 2019

The killings at Columbine High School in 1999, Virginia Tech in 2007, the Sandy Hook Elementary School in 2012, the Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in 2018 are four dire examples of mass shootings in school settings by current or former students in the U.S. Schools—K-12 and college campuses—which have long been considered a sacred place for our children and young people receiving education. According to the data collected by the author, since 1999, school mass shootings (SMS) have increased steadily, causing higher casualty with more powerful weapons and planned schemes. School and campus security have become significant concerns. One big question to all Americans is, are our schools really safe enough to send our children to in order to learn and grow? This article presents preliminary research findings of SMS incidents based on 71 cases with the discussion.
Mass Shootings in Rural American Schools
Authors: Barnes Lynn M.
Published: September 2019

Although student homicides have remained consistently low over the past decades, highly publicized lethal incidents in American schools have garnered concern among the public. Mass shootings in primary and secondary schools have impacted the fear of victimization and subsequently affected school policies to prevent and control school violence. While school violence is largely viewed as a problem in urban schools, mass shootings have occurred more often in town and rural schools. This chapter examines the nature, prevalence, and incidence of mass shootings and multiple victim violence in rural schools. The chapter includes a review of contributing factors to mass school shootings and examines perceptions and fear of the problem from students and parents. The chapter concludes with threat assessment, and research on prevention and control strategies.
K-12 Alma Mater School Shootings With ≥2 Killed, 1990-2018
Authors: Hochschild Jr. Thomas R. , Grant Kathryn , Noll Michael G. , Alvarez-Rivera Lorna L.
Published: September 2019

In this chapter, the authors examine what they call “alma mater” school shootings - those in which a current or former student returns to attack people at the school. In this case, the focus is on K-12 school shootings in the United States between 1990 and 2018 where two or more individuals were killed. They argue that many shooters target their alma mater because it is the place where they have experienced “place trauma” - emotional pain that is intertwined with a location. After discerning common demographic, personal, and spatiotemporal patterns, they discuss how the shooters acquired the firearms used to carry out the attack. Finally, the authors outline policy and practice considerations focusing on education, school funding, and legislation.
The Evolution of Active Shooter Protocols on College Campuses
Authors: Grant Tanya M. , Dole Makayla S.
Published: September 2019

Roughly a decade after the substantial spike in the middle and high school massacres that occurred in the '90s, we have now seen this disturbing phenomenon arise anew on American college campuses. Overall, these horrifying, high profile acts of violence on college campuses remain relatively rare, nevertheless, academic administrators are required to manage threats of violence on an increasingly regular basis. As colleges and universities face the realities of today's educational environment, preparing for an active shooter event has become a necessity. The mass shooting at the University of Texas at Austin in 1966 has been hailed as the first major college campus-shooting incident. Since then, years of active shooting training and protocol development and evolution has taken place. A description of four of the deadliest college campus shootings (University of Texas at Austin, Virginia Tech, Oikos University, and Umpqua Community College) and the progression of the related active shooter protocols is provided.
Will Teachers Shoot?
Authors: Kurtz Howard A.
Published: September 2019

The question “will teachers shoot?” is a neglected issue central to the discussions of how to make our schools safer. Arming faculty may seem like a cheap solution, but it is one that needs refinement and a deeper understanding. What if research shows that most faculty will not shoot no matter the threat or that only certain people will under certain circumstances? This of course says nothing about their level of expertise or non-existent predictions about positive and negative outcomes. Teachers are the experts in this area and their voices need to be heard. Some portray teachers as protective, loving, self-sacrificing heroes who will willingly put their lives on the line for their students. A more realistic view may be one of teachers as professional employees who are under no obligation to risk their lives for the students they teach or the institutions they serve.
The Aftermath of the 2017 Las Vegas Mass Shooting
Authors: Radu Monica Bixby , Kuborn Sarah , McManus Lisa
Published: September 2019

Mass shootings are catastrophic events that terrorize individuals, families, and communities. Research suggests that there are numerous negative consequences associated with a mass shooting, including financial strain, loss time from work, and both physical and mental health issues. As individuals cope with the aftermath of these traumatic events, they often rely on their immediate social environments, including their family and friends. More recently, research suggests that the techno-subsystem may be an additional context where individuals find and obtain support following a mass shooting. Drawing from literature on social capital and ecological systems theory, this chapter qualitatively explores how individuals frame their requests for financial assistance through the crowdfunding website, GoFundMe.com following the 2017 mass shooting in Las Vegas, NV. This chapter discusses the implications of these qualitative frames, also addressing how various social contexts may intersect to provide support those who have been traumatized by a mass shooting.
“What We Need Is Bullet Control”
Authors: Kerr Selina E.M.
Published: September 2019

Following high-profile mass shootings in the United States, there are policy debates about gun regulation; yet, for the most part, these stall. This chapter suggests that an alternative way to frame this issue would be through “bullet control,” centering on the ammunition used. In order to inflict the greatest degree of damage possible, mass shooters tend to carry large quantities of bullets and large-capacity magazines with them. Harm-inducing bullets, such as hollow-points which penetrate certain parts of the body, have been used in previous mass shootings. Policy proposals could center on these areas to reduce harm in a mass shooting. Another regulation could focus on mandating background checks for ammunition. Interviews were conducted with six participants with knowledge of gun policies and/or gun violence prevention advocacy. Findings from interviews indicate support for these policy proposals. Discussed are ways to increase public support for these proposals via framing strategies. Also deliberated is whether the current political climate is conducive to pass legislation.
The Main Challenges of Higher Education Institutions in the 21st Century
Authors: Olo Daniela Peixoto , Correia Leonida , Rego Maria da Conceição
Published: September 2019

Interest in higher education institutions (HEIs) as instruments for development has increased in recent years. The main objective of this chapter is to address the main challenges HEIs face in the 21st century as key actors for regional development, emphasising their entrepreneurial dimension. The pressures exerted on HEIs to become more effective, efficient, and autonomous require a reflection regarding the present and future of higher education. Through a detailed analysis and discussion of the relevant literature, this chapter contributes to a better understanding of the role of HEIs, especially given its relationship with society and the need for a more effective contribution to socioeconomic development.
Understanding Entrepreneurial University
Authors: Baporikar Neeta
Published: September 2019

Universities globally are facing new challenges and rapid changes like the increased pace of technological progress, demographic shifts, reduced funding, new skills requirement, competition, etc. These challenges and changes call for academic revolution in universities. This implies a need to make these organizations more entrepreneurial in their thinking and approaches, hence the term entrepreneurial universities. Further, they are expected to create the future by educating those to whom the future belongs and by generating the ideas and discoveries that can transform the present and build a better world. In the current context, educating those to whom the future belongs means providing them with solid knowledge and entrepreneurial skills for coping with future challenges, generating ideas and innovations and transferring them to build a better world. Adopting a qualitative approach with an in-depth literature review, the aim is to understand the entrepreneurial university and its role, and to provide a framework for their development in emerging economies.
Universities and Human Capital as Regional Determinants for High-Growth Firms
Authors: Varum Celeste , Guimarães Carmen , Bannò Mariasole
Published: September 2019

Universities have been increasingly asked to play a core role in the growth of the region where they locate as they hold valuable resources for innovation and growth. This study addresses the role of Universities as a location determinant for firms' high growth, in addition to other location and firm level variables. Indeed, academia diverted increasing attention to high growth firms (HGFs), but an important aspect that has been relatively absent from HGFs research is the ‘geography' and location aspects of where these firms grow. The study is conducted in Portugal, and draws upon firm-level information from IES (Inquérito Empresarial Simplificado), which contains detailed balance sheet and income statement information for firms in all sectors of activity in Portugal, covering a time span of 9 years, from 2006 to 2014. Knowing the regional factors that drive growth at the firm level helps to implement more effective enterprise policies.
High Hopes
Authors: Lahikainen Katja , Pihkala Timo , Ruskovaara Elena
Published: September 2019

The regional impact of entrepreneurial universities is a well-researched topic, but less attention is paid to the expectations of the regional policy institutes toward the university. This chapter investigates the regional policy expectations toward the university and what the influence of the university to these expectations is. This study is based on a technological university case in a peripheral region in Finland. The results of the study show that the existence of a single university leads easily to a university-dominant policy and thus to a regional policy lock-in. Consequently, the implementation of the regional policies can be in the hands of the university, leaving other regional stakeholders with a minor role. In order to fully utilize the potential of the university to address the specific regional challenges, the university should not only be seen as a locus of new spin-offs and start-ups, but rather as a producer of qualified graduates and future entrepreneurs.
An Application for Routing Ambulance via ACO in Home Healthcare
Authors: Inanç Şahin , Eren Şenaras Arzu
Published: September 2019

In this study, rovers of ambulances were identified and determined quickly and practically via ant colony optimization. Non-intuitive methods can also be used to determine the routing, but when the number of nodes is large, and the number of operations is very large, the heuristic methods are more practical. The purpose of this work is to use ant colony optimization via C# for ambulance routing. The patients were served as soon as possible thanks to ambulance routing. In this the effectiveness of the ambulance has been increased. In this study, 12 nodes were selected as an application. The nodes were used to determine the route of the ambulance in-home health care.
Indigena Solutions, Tensions in an Aboriginal IT Impact Sourcing Firm
Authors: Babin Ron , Nicholson Brian , Young Megan
Published: September 2019

This paper explores the role of cultural tensions in the operations of an Information Technology Impact Sourcing (ITIS) venture called Indigena Solutions. The company was based in Vancouver Canada and was intended to provide meaningful careers to a marginalized group, namely Canadian Indigenous Peoples. The company provided on-shore IT services such as help-desk support and software testing. With the support of Accenture and with initial success at high profile clients such as BC Hydro and Vancouver City Trust, the company lasted about seven years. Indigena was declared bankrupt in 2017. This research demonstrates the cultural tensions inherent in creating an Impact Sourcing venture, with challenges of location, the inability to attract Indigenous workers to a non-traditional career, and the underlying challenge of structural racism, despite the recognized social responsibility and commitment to help a marginalized group. The research was designed as a case study using an interpretive approach. The originality of this research rests on the exploration of why Impact Sourcing in a developed country failed to meet the needs of the marginalized Indigenous Peoples community. This research contributes to the body of work that explains tensions inherent in ITIS. Practitioners may find this research valuable as they consider the challenges of establishing and successfully operating an ITIS firm.
Research on the Establishing of the Control System of the SlS Rapid Prototyping Machine
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Nam , Dien Le Khanh , Antonov Svetlin
Published: September 2019

In the current time, mastering the rapid prototyping technology and equipments is a complicated question in Vietnam because of shorting of ability and finance for investment. In order to save currency from imported machine, the demand of research and mastering the new technology of rapid prototype machine, especially a program of control motion in Selected Laser Sintering (SLS) rapid prototype machine, is essential in our country in the purpose of manufacture a domestic SLS rapid prototype machine. This paper presents the design of a control program for the SLS rapid prototyping machine that is corporated to the hardward of our typical manufactured SLS machine in our laboratory. From the result of empiriments we considered that the performed program of control motion responded all the requirements of control as well as experimental adjustments of the technological parameters in our manufactured SLS machine. The results of testing the program via manufacture model products by SLS rapid prototyping machine are accepted.
A Research on the Design a Bamboo Powder Drying Machine
Authors: Hung Tran Van , Dien Le Khanh , Tuyen Vo
Published: September 2019

Bamboo powder drying machine plays a very important role in the production process of bamboo plywood. The function of the machine is drying bamboo powder to get the technical required appropriate moisture before pressing it into the standard bamboo boards. This article presents a design of bamboo powder drying machine with simple structure, long life, medium productivity and price suitable for medium and small scale production of Vietnam market. The first bamboo powder drying machine that was manufactured in Key Laboratory of Digital Control and System Engineering (DCSELAB) and its products are considered to respond the technical requirements of customers.
Advanced Sensor-Less Control of IPMSM Motor Using Adaptive Neural FOC Approach
Authors: Khanh Pham Quoc , Anh Ho Pham Huy , Kien Cao Van
Published: September 2019

This paper proposes a neural vector control (NN-FOC) for speed regulation of interior-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drive. The weights of proposed neural NN-FOC structure are optimally identified based on the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. The novel MTPA approach is applied for IPMSM-based electric vehicle (EV) drive application. The novel neural NN-FOC control is verified in simulation tests and is compared with the traditional PI-FOC vector control. The simulation results prove that the maximum IPMSM speed range available with the new NN-FOC control is significantly improved in comparison with the traditional IPMSM PI-FOC control. As a consequent the proposed neural NN-FOC control can be successfully applied in advanced electric drives, particularly in PMSM-based electric vehicle EV drive application.
Studies on Pest Identification by Ultrasound
Authors: Okuguno Masaki
Published: September 2019

Recently, environmental damage caused by pest, invasive species Nutria has become an issue in Tottori Prefecture and development of an effective control method is in demand. Therefore, we have developed a robot that could identify pest by using ultrasonic sensor. The benefits of using this robot is that it is difficult to be influenced by environmental conditions and easily recognizes three dimensional input. Unfortunately, this robot could only confirm the presence of target object but could not identify the object, which means it could not differentiate whether the object is human or pest. In this paper, we have invented a robot that could visualize the object by using frequency-modulated ultrasound and Self-Organizing Map (SOM).
Evaluation Method for Friction Coefficient of Machining Fluids Using Cutting Force in Micro Feed End Milling
Authors: Kitamura Tomohiko , Tanaka Ryutaro , Yamane Yasuo , Sekiya Katsuhiko , Yamada Keiji
Published: September 2019

In conventional friction tests, it is difficult to realize the high pressure and high temperature conditions of the tool-work contact area in cutting. In this study, the friction properties of machining fluids were evaluated using a friction coefficient calculated from the cutting force in micro feed end milling. The finished surface roughness in conventional end milling decreased with the friction coefficient of machining fluids obtained by this method. Also, the cutting speed dependence of the friction coefficient, and its influence on the biting property of the cutting edge can be evaluated by this method.
Application of Diamond Fly Cutting to Improve Form Accuracy by In-Process Measurement and Control for Ordinary Milling Machines
Authors: Wang Jin Hui , Yazawa Takanori , Gu Guo Chen , Kato Tomonori , Otsubo Tatsuki
Published: September 2019

This paper proposes to improve the form accuracy of a machined surface produced by an ordinary milling machine by diamond fly cutting using controlled cutting with reference surface (CCRS), an in-process measurement and control method. CCRS improves machined surface accuracy by controlling the relative displacement between the tool and workpiece. Diamond fly cutting using CCRS was demonstrated to reduce the table motion error on an ordinary milling machine.
A Novel Rotor Profile Generation Method for Claw-Type Vacuum Pumps Based on Sealing Line
Authors: Nguyen Trong Linh , Wu Yu Ren
Published: September 2019

The sealing line between two conjugated rotors is a main leakage path in the vacuum pump, however, it is unable to be adjusted before the rotor profiles are determined in the traditional rotor profile generation method. Therefore, a generation method of rotor profiles for claw-type vacuum pumps based on the sealing line is proposed in this paper. The sealing line can be firstly specified as specific segments regarding the characteristics of claw-shaped rotor profiles. By applying the enveloping theory and the cubic spline curve fitting method, the rotor profile is able to be generated from the sealing line. Moreover, the adjustment method is proposed to segmentally correct the shape of sealing line using the quadratic functions by considering the geometric limitations to avoid interference and undercutting in rotor profiles. A three-lobe claw rotors profile is carried out to demonstrate the reasonability and stability of the proposed method.
Force Analysis for a Variable-Pitch Rotor Meshing Pair in Twin-Screw Vacuum Pump Generating on CNC Turning Machine
Authors: Tran Van The , Le Thanh Long , Nguyen Hong Lanh
Published: September 2019

The variable pitch twin-screw vacuum pump has more advantage than the uniform pitch twin-screw vacuum pump. Its energy efficiency and volumetric compression ratio are specifically high. Under the cyclic gas pressure and working temperature, the rotors of vacuum pump often deform and interfere that lead to noise, vibration and rotor abrasion. In this paper, a 3D model of the variable pitch rotor generating by CNC turning process is constructed to reasonably estimate the rotor load and deformation in operation. The contact force have been analyzed to show the advantages of variable pitch rotors.
Performance Characteristics of Small Diesel DI Engine Using Different Geometry Intake Parts
Authors: Hung Le Viet , Dung Do Van , Nguyen Anh Thi , Giang Luong Huynh
Published: September 2019

This paper presents a study on improvement of performance characteristics of small diesel direct injection engine with power of 16.5HP using the re-design of intake manifold. With help of simulation tools like AVL BOOST, the proposed measures for improvement of intake manifold were analyzed. The simulation results indicated that two best intake manifolds were recommended for experimental purposes. These manifolds were experimentally used to benchmark to the current intake manifold of engine. In experiments, the important performance characteristics of engine (like volumetric efficiency, brake power, brake torque, fuel consumption, NOx, Soot, and CO) were analyzed. Moreover, the flow pattern of intake air was experimentally observed using a transparent cylinder.