bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Wagner Group Flows: A Two‐Fold Challenge to Liberal Intervention and Liberal Order
Authors: Jacobsen Katja Lindskov , Larsen Karen Philippa
Published: November 2023

Focusing on Wagner Group (WG) forces, liberal interveners too readily dismiss the scope of WG’s Africa engagements, including economic and political “flows” that, in combination, challenge liberal interveners’ taken-for-granted access in several states on the African continent. Operationalising the notion of “flows,” we present an analysis that foregrounds both the scope of WG’s Africa engagements and the challenges. We portray WG as a broad enterprise by attending to military, economic, and political flows. This broadening is relevant to how WG is understood to challenge liberal interveners. Besides country-specific challenges to liberal interveners’ access (notably in states where they have been asked to depart or co-exist with WG), a broader reading of WG’s Africa presence also foregrounds challenges at a different level, namely to liberal interveners’ assumptions about the inevitable attractiveness of the liberal international order. A liberal order that Russia has utilised WG’s Africa presence to contest. As such, challenges at the level of liberal order go beyond WG’s Africa presence and must, therefore, be viewed alongside other challenges to liberal intervention and order, from the Taliban’s takeover of Kabul to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. If liberal interveners’ missteps and historicity, as well as the scope of WG’s Africa engagements, remain underappreciated, then various challenges specific to the WG, but also broader challenges to liberal interveners’ assumptions about liberal order as self-evidently attractive, are too readily dismissed. Liberal actors’ dismissiveness may invite misguided responses and unintentionally become an enabling factor for WG’s influence in Africa.
Legal Traditions as Economic Borders
Authors: Hamanaka Shintaro
Published: November 2023

This article makes two main claims: A state’s legal tradition is embedded into its domestic institution in each issue area and a state that has a common/civil law-type domestic institution in a certain issue area (not necessarily a state that has common/civil law tradition) prefers common/civil law-type international agreements in the same issue area. The consequence of these two claims is that states’ legal tradition is often one of the primary sources of international cooperation, especially issue-specific cooperation. This in turn means that the difference in legal traditions is often a potential factor that would induce economic disintegration. By conducting theoretical and empirical investigations of three issue areas covered by free trade agreements (i.e., trade in goods, trade in services, and investment), this article demonstrates that different modes of governance are preferred by civil and common law states domestically and internationally, and that the difference in domestic systems partially explains participation and non-participation in international agreements.
Implementation of EU Trade Agreements Under an Assertive, Open, and Sustainable Trade Policy
Authors: García María J.
Published: November 2023

Since the 2010s the EU has expanded its preferential trade agreements, responding to challenges at the World Trade Organization and preferential trade agreements of key geoeconomic competitors. However, preferential trade agreements are only as good as their implementation. The EU 2021 Trade Policy Review for a more assertive trade policy includes a greater focus on preferential trade agreement implementation. An analysis of preferential trade agreement implementation reports identifies challenges in operationalising these. It shows that since 2019 there has been an increase in EU recourse to formal dispute settlement mechanisms under preferential trade agreements demonstrating the shift to greater assertiveness. Interestingly, most of the cases are of limited economic significance to the EU but serve to reinforce the message of enforcement of trade rules.
Crisis Learning or Reform Backlog? The European Parliament’s Treaty‐Change Proposals During the Polycrisis
Authors: Müller Manuel
Published: November 2023

In May 2022, the European Parliament (EP) launched a procedure to amend the EU treaties and began drafting a report with concrete reform proposals. In their resolution, EP members explicitly described this as a necessary response to recent crises (notably the Russian aggression against Ukraine, the Covid-19 pandemic, and climate change) as well as a follow-up to the Conference on the Future of Europe. However, the stated objectives of the reform, in particular more efficient and democratic EU decision-making, were not new but followed long-standing discourses on deepening EU integration. This raises the question of to what degree the EP’s initiative really reflected a lesson from recent crises—in line with a “failing forward” approach towards EU reform—or rather a “backlog” of reforms which had already been proposed before but whose implementation had been blocked by member states, and for which the crises only represented a window of opportunity. The article assesses the development of treaty change proposals by the EP and bodies close to it, comparing three comprehensive plans for institutional reform: the federalist Spinelli Group’s Fundamental Law for the EU (2013), the EP’s Verhofstadt Report (2017), and the EP’s latest Article 48 Report (2023). The comparison shows that, while the crises had an impact on the level of ambition in some policy areas, the EP’s general approach, especially on institutional issues, was characterised by a high degree of continuity.
Economic Security and the Politics of Trade and Investment Policy in Europe
Authors: Rosén Guri , Meunier Sophie
Published: November 2023

Facing recent global disruptions brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic, the war in Ukraine, climate change, and the race for raw materials and technology needed for the green transition, economic interdependence—not least unilateral dependence—has increasingly come to be seen as a security threat. In response, the EU has put resilience and strategic autonomy at the centre of its trade and investment agenda. The EU was long resistant to this geoeconomic turn, that is, the use of economic tools for geopolitical purposes in normal times. Since 2017, however, the EU has placed greater emphasis on identifying and mitigating the security vulnerabilities that accrue from open markets. This geoeconomic turn has culminated in the June 2023 release of the European Commission’s Economic Security Strategy, which aims to maximise the benefits of economic openness while minimising the risks from economic interdependence. The aim of this thematic issue is to analyse the foundations of this new European focus on economic security and, more specifically, on the increased use of geoeconomic instruments. Coming at this objective from a variety of disciplinary traditions, methodologies, and substantive focus, our contributors tackle, among others, the following questions: Why has the EU abandoned its reluctance to use geoeconomics and finally made the switch towards economic security? How does the EU’s approach compare with other major global players? And, what are the long-term implications of the EU’s economic security strategy for European integration, its relationship with partners and allies, and the global economic order?
MANAGEMENT OF STRUCTURAL FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OF SEMI-DESERT LANDSHAFTS OF KARABAKH AND MIL PLAIN
Authors:   Baku State University, Baku,Azerbaijan, Sadıgov Tevekkul
Published: November 2023

Relevance of the topic. The modern anthropogenic complexes formed in the semi-desert landscapes of the Karabakh and Mil plains during different historical periods are natural-anthropogenic territorial units controlled and regulated by humans, whose structural-functional characteristics and productivity are constantly kept under control. Anthropogenic effects should be in the center of special attention in the management of structural and functional features of semi-desert landscapes in Karabakh and Mil plains. Here, special attention is paid to the structure of the agro-irrigation landscapes of the area, the degree of change of the alluvial and delluvial plains, as well as to the soil types. Due to the semi-desert, dry-desert and various intrazonal landscapes of Karabakh and the Mil Plain, these issues should always be in the center of attention, as they affect the formation and development of agriculture in our republic. The geographical features, soil and climatic conditions of Karabakh and Mil Plain were studied, and the current state of irrigation systems of the region was analyzed in this article, Research methodology and methods. In addition to the natural soil resources of the mentioned area, the article provides information about the saline soils. Here, irrigation systems, which have a special place in irrigated agriculture, and the construction and importance of canals are analyzed. The hydrogeological conditions and humidity conditions of the area are especially mentioned. For this purpose, along with the geographical features of the studied area, statistical indicators on the current state of irrigation systems, scientific works on the subject were also used. The main scientific innovation of the research is that the anthropogenic complexes formed in the semi-desert landscapes of the Karabakh and Mil plains were extensively analyzed in the article as natural-anthropogenic territorial units controlled and regulated by humans, whose structural-functional characteristics and productivity are constantly kept under control. The main scientific result of the study. Modern anthropogenic complexes formed in the semi-desert landscapes of Karabakh and Mil plains during historical periods are natural-anthropogenic territorial units controlled and regulated by people, whose structural-functional characteristics and productivity are constantly kept under control. Systematic study of the Karabakh and Mil plains and preparation of recommendations to increase their productivity are of great importance in the socio-economic development of our country.
ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF THE DESTRUCTION OF THE KAKHOVKA RESERVOIR ON THE ECOLOGICAL SYSTEM OF THE KOBLEVE COMMUNITY
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Marymorych Anna
Published: November 2023

The Dnipro HPP was part of the Dnipro cascade of hydropower plants and had a significant impact on the regional water environment and energy infrastructure. This study aims to identify the risks to the community ecosystem after the destruction of the Kakhovka reservoir dam. The study area is characterised by environmental friendliness. The purpose of the study is to find out the consequences of the impact of the destruction of the Kakhovka HPP on the territory of the Kobleve community and to assess the level of threat to the community population and the environment for further action. The research methodology is based on the use of general scientific and socio-geographical research methods. Namely, the methods of analysis and synthesis, which involve collecting, analysing and summarising the information collected. The territorial approach is used, thanks to which the attention is focused on the territory defined by the study. In addition, descriptive, comparative and geographical research methods were used. The methodological basis of the work is the works of domestic scientists in the field of environmental protection, scientific periodicals, textbooks and monographs, Internet resources, statistical data of the State Institution "Mykolaiv Regional Centre for Disease Control and Prevention of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine" "Mykolaiv District Department" of the Berezan Laboratory Department, which reflects the sanitary and microbiological state of surface waters. In addition, a tabular method was used to analyse the data. Results. The risks for the study area are identified. The patterns of spreading the consequences of the disaster are characterized. The impact of the event on the community is assessed. The main factors that affect the ecosystem and the lives of the local population, in particular, changes in water levels, impact on fauna and flora, soil quality, etc. Scientific novelty. Analysis of the natural features of the study area and the consequences of the current situation. The analysis allows us to assess the real state and potential of the territory, risks, and areas of influence. On its basis, it is possible to plan further measures necessary for the preservation and restoration of the environment. Practical significance. The process of analysing the impact of the destruction of the Kakhovka Reservoir dam will help to understand how the destruction of the reservoir affects the ecological system of the Kobleve community and help to make informed decisions to preserve nature and water resources.
İklim Değişikliği, Tehdit Çarpanı Etkisi ve Güvenlik: İklim Güvenliğinden Uluslararası Güvenliğe
Authors: Çelenk Bengü
Published: November 2023

İklim değişikliği direkt ve tehdit çarpanı etkileri üzerinden ele alınan çok boyutlu ve kapsamlı bir meseledir. Güvenlik çalışmaları literatüründe ise iklim değişikliğinin direkt ve tehdit çarpanı etkileri sıklıkla insan güvenliği, ulusal güvenlik ve uluslararası güvenlik üzerinden çalışılmaktadır. Özellikle tehdit çarpanı etkisi, mevcut kırılganlıkları şiddetlendirici özelliği ile birden fazla analiz düzeyini etkileyen ve literatürde tartışılan bir konudur. Ancak, karmaşık, bazen büyük ölçekli ve çok katmanlı niteliklere sahip olabilen tehdit çarpanı etkisini bir ya da ikiden fazla analiz düzeyi üzerinden inceleyen az sayıda çalışma bulunmaktadır. İklim değişikliği hem bireysel hem ulusal hem küresel bir problemdir dolayısıyla bu meseleye birden fazla analiz düzeyi üzerinden bakabilmek önemlidir. Graeger›in 1996 yılında çevresel güvenlik üzerine yaptığı araştırmadan ilham alan bu çalışma, iklim değişikliğine yalnızca ulusal veya uluslararası güvenlik gözlüğünden bakmanın sınırlılıklarını eleştirerek iklim değişikliği, güvenlik ve sosyal, ekonomik veya politik kırılganlıklar arasındaki çoklu bağlantılara odaklanan bütünsel bir yaklaşımı savunmaktadır. Analitik literatür taramasına dayanan bu çalışma, iklim değişikliğinin etkilerini analiz etmek için çok düzeyli bir güvenlik çerçevesi önermektedir. Çalışmanın merkezinde güvenliğin referans nesneleri arasında nedensellik bağları kuran çok düzeyli sistematik bir perspektif yer almaktadır. Çalışma, etkili eylem ve stratejilerin bağlama özgü olması ve birden fazla analiz düzeyine uygun olması gerektiği sonucuna vararak iklim değişikliğini çok düzeyli güvenlik çerçevesinden ele almanın önemini savunmaktadır.
A THEORETICAL EXAMINATION OF MOONLIGHTING AMONG HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS
Authors: Bozoğlu Oğuzhan , Güven Ejder , Ciğerim Erşan
Published: November 2023

The practice of moonlighting, where people take on additional jobs to augment their principal source of income, is an intriguing phenomenon, which seems to be gaining more prevalence among higher education students. Researchers are therefore examining the effects of this tendency on students' academic performance and professional prospects more and more, underscoring the significance of this trend for scholarly attention. The current research intends to explore this trend using three well-established theoretical perspectives: Human Capital Theory, Labour Market Segmentation Theory, and Social Exchange Theory. By examining these viewpoints, we can learn more about how moonlighting can be viewed as an investment, comprehend the traits of various labour market segments and how they affect students' moonlighting behaviours, and finally, we can better understand why university students choose to or not to moonlight and the variables that influence their decisions.
Jogo de tabuleiro para crianças com autismo: desenvolvendo autonomia e habilidades sociais
Authors: Ferreira Filho Francisco José , Sousa Kaline Oliveira de , Freitas Larissa Barbosa de , Silva Rebeca Rodrigues da , Lima Junior Jose Ferreira
Published: November 2023

Trata-se de estudo metodológico que objetivou elaborar um jogo de tabuleiro para desenvolver a

autonomia e as habilidades sociais nas crianças com autismo. A produção do jogo contou com o apoio

da brinquedoteca do Hospital Universitário Júlio Bandeira. Captaram-se modelos mediante uma revisão

integrativa e uma entrevista com mães de crianças autistas. O jogo se baseou nos métodos extraídos

dos artigos, no Picture Exchange Communication System, nas Histórias Sociais e nas dificuldades

encontradas na entrevista. Ele conta com um tabuleiro de 32 casas, 22 cartas (3 modelos diferentes),

1 dado e carrinhos utilizados para avançar as casas do tabuleiro. Devido ao seu caráter lúdico, os jogos

de tabuleiro têm potencial de ser usados por crianças com autismo para desenvolver a autonomia e

habilidades sociais. Concluiu-se que a produção de tecnologias cuidativo-educacionais voltadas para o

público autista é fundamental para o desenvolvimento cognitivo e social
Análise do consumo de psicofármacos por usuários da Atenção Primária à Saúde
Authors: Bernieri Jamine , Korb Arnildo , Hirdes Alice , Zanatta Leila
Published: November 2023

O elevado consumo de psicofármacos na Atenção Primária à Saúde tem sido motivo de preocupação. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar o perfil desses usuários e analisar a correlação sociodemográfica e individual de cada medicamento consumido. Trata-se de pesquisa quantitativa, envolvendo 603 usuários que retiraram psicofármacos na farmácia de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde. Realizou-se a coleta dos dados em 2020 no sistema da farmácia e dos cadastros dos usuários. Analisou-se a correlação sociodemográfica e individual de cada psicofármaco, além das interações medicamentosas entre as combinações farmacológicas identificadas. A idade média dos participantes foi de 55 anos, com prevalência de mulheres (65,8%), casadas (72,5%) e aposentadas (44,3%); foram utilizados 11 diferentes psicofármacos e identificaram-se 38 associações entre eles, e todas geram interação. Prevaleceu o consumo de antidepressivos e benzodiazepínicos. Concluiu-se que, ao longo do período estudado, aumentou o número de usuários de psicofármacos e também o quantitativo dispensado dessas medicações.
Fontes de informações confiáveis sobre COVID-19 entre usuários da Estratégia Saúde da Família
Authors: Bittencourt Bárbara Fortunato , Mattos Magda de , Goulart Letícia Silveira , Santos Débora Aparecida da Silva , Lemos Patrícia de Lima
Published: November 2023

Analisar o acesso às fontes confiáveis de informações sobre Covid-19 por usuários na Estratégia Saúde da Família. Estudo transversal e descritivo realizado com 400 usuários atendidos na Estratégia Saúde da Família, no período de janeiro a setembro de 2021, em um município no sul do Mato Grosso. Utilizou-se um questionário estruturado, contendo dados sociodemográficos e de acesso às informações. Foram realizadas análises estatísticas por meio do software Stata, versão 16.0. Observou-se que pessoas mais jovens, de 18 a 39 anos, tendem a confiar mais nas mídias sociais (p= 0,342) e nos profissionais da saúde (p
Influence of new dimethylaminoethanol derivatives, butanoic and trans-butenedioic acids, on the tolerability of hypoxia, hyperthermia, and hypothermia
Authors: Kim Aleksey E. , Shustov Evgeny B.
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: The need to increase the tolerance of various extreme effects is associated not only with the expansion of human professional activity regions but also with the need to assist victims of natural and man-made disasters. The use of pharmacological agents for individual adverse effects is a well-known method; however, considering the combined effects of several physical or chemical factors, only a few references are found in the literature.
AIM: This preclinical study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a new derivative of aminoethanol and intermediates of the Krebs cycle in relation to the isolated and combined effects of hypoxia and temperature (hyperthermia and hypothermia).
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The fumaric salt of the amber ether of diethylaminoethanol was synthesized at St. Petersburg State University of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Organic Chemistry (Head Professor I.P. Yakovlev). The study was conducted on small laboratory animals. Resistance to hypoxia was assessed by the dynamics of the altitude threshold of animals, tolerance to hyperthermia by survival in a thermal chamber at 40°C, and tolerance to hypothermia by the time of maximum swimming in water at 10–12°C. Under combined exposure, the condition of the animals was assessed by the dynamics of physical performance, hypoxia was induced by preliminary administration of the methemoglobin former sodium nitrite at a dose of 50 mg/kg, and thermal exposure was induced by placing the animal in water at 40°C (hyperthermia) or 9–11°C (hypothermia).
RESULTS: After a single intragastric administration in a wide range of doses, the test compound stimulated the physical performance of animals and exhibited a protective effect under the isolated effects of hypobaric hypoxia, hyperthermia, and hypothermia. With combined exposure to hemic hypoxia and hyperthermia, the compound was effective at a dose of 250 mg/kg. With combined exposure to hemic hypoxia and hypothermia, efficiency was also noted at lower doses (25 and 50 mg/kg).
CONCLUSION: Fumaric salt of dimethylaminoethanol amber ether, a new derivative of dimethylaminoethanol, butenedioic, and trans-butenedioic acids, is promising for further study as a means of increasing the body’s resistance to extreme influences.
Idealization in pharmacology and pharmacy: Symbol of the chemical formula of one molecule of a substance and a real pharmaceutical product
Authors: Urakov Aleksandr L. , Shabanov Petr D.
Published: November 2023

The essence of the two levels of information used in modern pharmacy, pharmacology, and medicine for operations related to theoretical reasoning about medicines and the actual practice of their use for treating specific cases is fundamentally different. In particular, studies have analyzed the essence of theoretical information about medicines and the norms of their use in accordance with medical care standards. Information about medicines and standards of medical care, which dominate textbooks, reference books, encyclopedias, scientific articles , and normative and technical documents, is built on the idealized essence of chemically pure substances and their interaction with an idealized virtual patient. Accordingly, in the fields of pharmacy, pharmacology, and chemistry, physics, and materials science, researchers have traditionally represented chemical elements (and drugs) by certain chemical formulas, names, and symbols for their molecules. Moreover, in pharmacy and pharmacology, the structural formula of one molecule of only one chemical substance belonging to the group of the so-called main active substances most often plays this role. Generally, this chemical symbol of its molecule is identified with the real substance itself. It is assumed that the substance in question is of ideal high quality, is completely free of any impurities, is not combined with other substances, and does not represent a certain pharmaceutical product (it is not a tablet, not a solution, not an ointment, not an aerosol, etc.), and is not manufactured by a certain pharmaceutical company according to a certain recipe. Moreover, modern pharmaceutical products are not separate molecules, not pure chemical reagents, but all sorts of mixtures of different substances of different quality in different ratios. In addition, each pharmaceutical product of each manufacturing plant and each series number has inherent and unique mechanical, physical, chemical, and physicochemical properties and quality indicators. Therefore, the idealized essence of drugs is far from that of real pharmaceutical products. The chemical name and chemical formula are symbols of one molecule of a chemical element, reflecting its idealized chemical essence, but not the essence of a real “tablet”, “ampule”, and/or “tube” with it. In turn, the virtual patient of known sex, average age, average health status, and a body weight of approximately 70 kg implied by the standards of medical care is just an idealized object of interaction with an idealized “medicine”. In this regard, the study of the relationship between the idealized and real drugs and patients is a crucial part of the problem of the relationship between theory and reality in pharmacy, pharmacology, and medicine.
Tissue oxidative metabolism and microhemodynamics of the skin in rats exposed to stress factors of different durations and combinations
Authors: Ravaeva Marina Yu. , Cheretaev Igor V. , Chuyan Elena N. , Galenko-Yaroshevskii Pavel A. , Dzheldubaeva Elviza R. , Mironyuk Irina S.
Published: November 2023

BACKGROUND: Changes in tissue oxidative metabolism under the action of stressors of different durations have not been studied. The relationship between NADH and FAD coenzymes and the microcirculatory bed remains unclear.
AIM: This study aimed to identify the features of the reaction of skin microhemodynamics and tissue oxidative metabolism in rats exposed to acute and chronic stress factors of different durations and their combinations.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The experiment was performed on 100 male Wistar rats weighing 200–220 g. The animals were divided into five groups of 20 rats. The first control group and the second and third groups were exposed to acute stress (AS) and chronic hypokinetic stress (HS), respectively; the fourth group (AS-HS) was previously exposed to AS (on the first day) and then to HS (1–10 days); and the fifth group (for 10 days of the HS, then the effect of the AS on day 10). On day 10, the indicators of tissue oxidative metabolism and skin microhemodynamics were recorded.
RESULTS: AS and HS increased the requirement of cells for ATP and contributed to the predominance of oxidative phosphorylation over other processes, as indicated by an increase in FAD. AS-HS significantly changed oxidative metabolism, separating oxidative phosphorylation and activating glycolysis. HS-AS did not cause such changes. AS increased the microcirculation index and reduced the coefficient of variation, and HS reduced the microcirculation index and increased the mean square deviation. AS–HS significantly increased the microcirculation index, and HS-AS increased the mean square deviation and coefficient of variation but reduced the microcirculation index.
CONCLUSIONS: AS and HS increase the requirement of cells for ATP and contribute to the predominance of oxidative phosphorylation over other processes. AS-HS modifies oxidative metabolism by disconnecting oxidative phosphorylation and activating glycolysis. HS-AS depletes the metabolic reserves of the body. AS-HS rearranges metabolism along the path of glycolysis, protecting against stress factors and preventing the development of oxidative stress. AS leads to hyperemia and stasis of blood circulation in the microarray, reducing the vasomotor activity of the vessels. HS inhibits the level of tissue perfusion and reduces the inflow of arterial blood into the microcirculatory bed and the outflow of venous blood, leading to spastic, stagnant phenomena and stasis. AS-HS reduces vasoconstriction, preparing a microcirculatory bed for prolonged hypokinesia. HS-AS levels vasodilation and improves the parameters of skin microhemodynamics (mean square deviation and coefficient of variation).
The creative process of two Indonesian NFT artists from the perspective of actor-network theory
Authors: Bastari Rendy Pandita , Resmadi Idhar , Lukito Wahyu
Published: November 2023

The development of crypto has resulted in NFT (non-fungible token) derivation. Artists began to explore the NFT market with its potential. NFT artists have different ways to get engagement and establish themselves in the world of NFT, whether in terms of artwork substance or in the social field. This study aims to deconstruct the actors behind NFT artists to elucidate the visual style and the social engagement of artists in the world of NFT. The method used in this study is a qualitative approach with data validation from interviews and NFT artwork samples. The data was subsequently processed using actor-network theory (ANT) to analyze and trace the actors behind the NFT artists. Two Indonesian artists, namely Angga Tantama and Mufti Prianka, became the study cases in this research. The result of this study shows heterogeneous actors who support the artists in their work's substance and social engagement. In the case of Mufti Prianka, NFTs influenced him to explore the possibilities of creating digital artworks, whereas for Angga, NFT platforms became one of his well-established channels to publish artworks. Based on their networks, the two Indonesian artists studied have different approaches and motivations in creating and engaging with NFTs.Proses kreatif dua seniman NFT Indonesia dalam perspektif teori jaringan aktorPerkembangan kripto telah menghasilkan derivasi NFT (non-fungible token). Para seniman mulai menjajaki pasar NFT dengan potensinya. Seniman NFT memiliki cara yang berbeda untuk mendapatkan keterlibatan dan memantapkan diri di dunia NFT baik dari segi substansi karya seni maupun dalam bidang sosial. Gaya visual dalam kategori ini bervariasi dengan seniman yang berbeda yang merupakan pencipta di belakangnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendekonstruksi aktor di balik seniman NFT untuk menjelaskan gaya visual dan keterlibatan sosial seorang seniman di dunia NFT. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan validasi data dari wawancara dan sampel karya seni NFT. Data tersebut selanjutnya diolah menggunakan teori jaringan aktor (ANT) untuk menganalisis dan menelusuri aktor di balik seniman NFT. Dua seniman Indonesia menjadi studi kasus dalam penelitian ini, yaitu Angga Tantama dan Mufti Prianka. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan aktor heterogen yang mendukung seniman dalam substansi karya dan keterlibatan sosialnya. Dalam kasus Mufti Prianka, NFT memengaruhinya untuk mengeksplorasi kemungkinan dalam menciptakan karya seni digital, sedangkan pada Angga, platform NFT menjadi salah satu salurannya yang mapan untuk mempublikasikan karya seni. Berdasarkan jaringan mereka, dua seniman Indonesia yang diteliti memiliki pendekatan dan motivasi yang berbeda dalam menciptakan dan terlibat dengan NFT.
User Acceptance of Online Examination System Using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) Model
Authors: Ay Mario Hendrial Christanto
Published: November 2023

User acceptance is one of the factors that need to be considered in order to improve the quality of the online examination system. Therefore, an evaluation model is needed to measure online examination system user acceptance. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) is one of the evaluation models used in this study. This study aims to determine the user acceptance of the web-based online examination system at Public VHS 4 Malang using the UTAUT factors. The UTAUT factors used are performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions as exogenous latent variables, and behavioral intention as an endogenous latent variable. The respondents in this study were students in the 12th grade of 2022/2023 school year. The total number of students was 274. The data obtained were analyzed using the Partial Least Square (PLS) method using SmartPLS 3 software. In this study, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and facilitating conditions have a positive and significant effect on behavioral intention, while social influence has a positive but insignificant effect on behavioral intention.
Reconstruction Old Students Image Using The Autoencoder Method
Authors: Azhari Ahmad , Negara Candra Putra , Zaman Azmi Badhi'uz , Setiawan Dimas Aji
Published: November 2023

Image Processing is image processing with a digital computer to produce new images according to the user's wishes. One implementation is to reconstruct the image. Through the extraction stages can get the characteristics of an image. The algorithm used is Adam Optimization, an extension of the stochastic gradient reduction that has seen wider adoption for deep learning applications in computer vision and natural language processing. In this study, we use the autoencoder technique, one variant of artificial neural networks generally used to "encode" data. The autoencoder is trained to produce the same output as the input. This image reconstruction aims to process an image whose quality is not very clear, to be precise. This, if possible, can be used to detect someone's face from photos. In reconstructing this image through the encode and decode process by defining Conv2D and Maxpool, it is processed into training with epoch 100 times while for the prediction process using Keras library. Then, the last one gets an accuracy of 0,022. The result is the output of the reconstructed image and calculation graph
Effect of the Homogenization Process on Titanium Oxide-Reinforced Nanocellulose Composite Membranes
Authors: Mahsuli Taufiq , Larasati Aisyah , Aminnudin Aminnudin , Maulana Jibril
Published: November 2023

Indonesian pineapple production can reach 200 tons per day; however, pineapples generate a significant amount of waste. Pineapple peel waste can be used to make membranes. Composite membranes containing TiO2 have dense properties, low porosity, and increase the mechanical strength of the cellulose sheet. This research uses various ultrasonic homogenizers to homogenize the distribution of nanocellulose and TiO2 (50% and 100% power with 30, 60, and 90 minutes). The casting method is used to shape the membrane. The SEM test shows that the higher the power used and the longer the sonication time, the less agglomeration of about 1.63%/ cm2 and a thickness of 16.56 µm. Identification of X-ray diffraction (XRD) results shows that sonication treatment for too long causes the peak at an angle of 25o to disappear. The analysis revealed no new peaks in the diagram pictures that were found using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to analyze the functional groups, but it is known that changes occur in the O-H bonds of cellulose and C=C. The 50% sample with a power of 60 minutes had the lowest roughness value of 1.008 µm. Furthermore, as the power and time on the sample are increased, the roughness increases.
Vertical Shaft Kinetic Turbine Performance Using A Cup-Shape Blade
Authors: Lempoy Kennie Abraham , Monintja Nita C.V. , Lakat Arwanto M.A.
Published: November 2023

The abundant availability of alternative energy sources forms the fundamental foundation for rural energy development. In particular, renewable energy sources are indispensable in rural areas due to their eco-friendly nature and widespread accessibility, which helps preserve the environment by avoiding pollution. Indonesia, a country blessed with vast water resources, especially its rivers, holds enormous potential for harnessing kinetic energy derived from fast-flowing river waters. Effective utilization of this kinetic energy has the potential to address energy shortages in the country. In this context, there is a pressing need to enhance the efficiency of kinetic turbines designed to function as electricity generators in rural regions. This study focuses on evaluating the impact of variables such as the guide angle, water flow speed, and turbine rotation on turbine power and efficiency. The study employs an experimental approach to achieve its objectives, involving tests to assess the performance of a vertical shaft kinetic turbine equipped with bowl blades. Data analysis based on the experimental findings enables the determination of both turbine power and efficiency. The study outcomes demonstrate that the bowl blade type turbine outperforms the curved blade type, primarily due to its larger water capacity, which significantly exceeds that of the curved blade variant. This study emphasizes the potential for harnessing kinetic energy efficiently in rural areas to support sustainable energy development.
Photocatalytic Scheme with External Magnetic Field on Coffee Waste in Hydrogen Production
Authors: Alphanoda Abid Fahreza , Prasetyo Eko , Broto Wisnu
Published: November 2023

Photocatalytic is considered a deadlock-breaking technology for renewable energy and lowering environmental pollutants. Photocatalytic efficiency efforts are improved by activating the photocatalyst to introduce an external magnetic field. This review highlights recent breakthroughs by comparing original coffee waste, activation of coffee waste with the addition of catalysts, and manipulation of spin electrons by applying external magnets. Characterization was done with FTIR to look at chemical bonds, UV-Vis with Tauc's Relation approach to measure bandgap, and material morphology using SEM EDX. The increase in photocatalyst activation aligns with the decrease in bandgap value. The rate of decline in bandgap is in line with the rate of acceleration of hydrogen production. Adding an external magnetic increases hydrogen production up to 1.5 times greater than the original photocatalytic.
The Effect of Adding Aluminium on the Performance of ZnO NRs/PANi in Their Application as Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting
Authors: Sari Eprilia Trikusuma , Mufti Nandang , Nadhira Anissa Chairani Alfin , Wisodo Hari , Diantoro Markus
Published: November 2023

Photoelectrochemical (PEC) is a new renewable energy technology that converts H2O into hydrogen and oxygen gas with the help of sunlight. A photoelectrochemical cell device consists of three main components, one of which is the photoanode. One of the materials that can be used as a photoanode is ZnO which has good electrical properties and is non-toxic. Nanorods-structured ZnO has the advantage of being able to increase light absorption due to its high surface area. However, the resulting performance is still quite low. So it is necessary to make modifications to the photoanode, one of which is by adding aluminium material to ZnO NRs, which has the potential to increase the conductivity of PEC in the production of H2 and O2 in H2O. To overcome the loss of samples during testing, the thin film will be coated with conductive polymers such as polyaniline (PANi), which has high conductivity, can increase photoactive ability, and has good corrosion resistance. In this study, the performance of ZnO NRs/PANi against AZO NRs/PANi will be studied by adding aluminium. The ZnO nanorods were synthesized by Hydrothermal method, Aluminium was deposited on ZnO NRs by DC Magnetron Sputtering method, and PANi was synthesized by polymerization method. From the XRD characterization results, it can be concluded that the addition of aluminium to ZnO NRs/PANi causes an increase in crystallinity and peak shift. SEM characterization shows that the addition of Al to ZnO NRs/PANi causes the porosity value to increase. In addition, UV-Vis characterization showed that the addition of Al material to the ZnO NRs/PANi thin film resulted in a wider range of absorbance of the light spectrum. Then, Cyclic Voltammetry test shows that the addition of aluminium increases the efficiency of the photoelectrochemical.
Ant Colony Optimization for Resistor Color Code Detection
Authors: Wibawanto Slamet , Kirana Kartika Candra , Ramadhan Hani
Published: November 2023

In the early stages of learning resistors, introducing color-based values is needed. Moreover, some combinations require a resistor trip analysis to identify. Unfortunately, a resistor body color is considered a local solution, which often confuses resistor coloration. Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) is a heuristic algorithm that can recognize problems with traveling a group of ants. ACO is proposed to select commercial matrix values to be computed without preventing local solutions. In this study, each explores the matrix based on pheromones and heuristic information to generate local solutions. Global solutions are selected based on their high degree of similarity with other local solutions. The first stage of testing focuses on exploring variations of parameter values. Applying the best parameters resulted in 85% accuracy and 43 seconds for 20 resistor images. This method is expected to prevent local solutions without wasteful computation of the matrix.
K-Means Clustering and Multilayer Perceptron for Categorizing Student Business Groups
Authors: Walid Miftahul , Sahbaniya Norfiah Lailatin Nispi , Hozairi Hozairi , Baskoro Fajar , Wijaya Arya Yudhi
Published: November 2023

The research conducted in this study was driven by the East Java provincial government's requirement to assess the transaction levels of the Student Business Group (KUS) in the SMA Double Track program. These transaction levels are a basis for allocating supplementary financial aid to each business group. The system's primary objective is to assist the provincial government of East Java in making well-informed choices pertaining to the distribution of supplementary capital to the KUS. The classification technique employed in this study is the multilayer perceptron. However, the K-Means Clustering method is utilised to generate target data due to the limited availability during the classification process, which involves dividing the transaction level attributes into three distinct groups: (0) low transactions, (1) medium transactions, and (2) high transactions. The clustering process encompasses three distinct features: (1) income, (2) spending, and (3) profit. These three traits will be utilized as input data throughout the categorization procedure. The classification procedure employing the Multilayer Perceptron technique involved processing a dataset including 1383 data points. The training data constituted 80% of the dataset, while the remaining 20% was allocated for testing. In order to evaluate the efficacy of the constructed model, the training error was assessed using K-Fold cross-validation, yielding an average accuracy score of 0.92. In the present study, the categorization technique yielded an accuracy of 0.96. This model aims to classify scenarios when the dataset lacks prior target data.
Systematic Literature Review on Ontology-based Indonesian Question Answering System
Authors: Admojo Fadhila Tangguh , Lajis Adidah , Nasir Haidawati
Published: November 2023

Question-Answering (QA) systems at the intersection of natural language processing, information retrieval, and knowledge representation aim to provide efficient responses to natural language queries. These systems have seen extensive development in English and languages like Indonesian present unique challenges and opportunities. This literature review paper delves into the state of ontology-based Indonesian QA systems, highlighting critical challenges. The first challenge lies in sentence understanding, variations, and complexity. Most systems rely on syntactic analysis and struggle to grasp sentence semantics. Complex sentences, especially in Indonesian, pose difficulties in parsing, semantic interpretation, and knowledge extraction. Addressing these linguistic intricacies is pivotal for accurate responses. Secondly, template-based SPARQL query construction, commonly used in Indonesian QA systems, suffers from semantic gaps and inflexibility. Advanced techniques like semantic matching algorithms and dynamic template generation can bridge these gaps and adapt to evolving ontologies. Thirdly, lexical gaps and ambiguity hinder QA systems. Bridging vocabulary mismatches between user queries and ontology labels remains a challenge. Strategies like synonym expansion, word embedding, and ontology enrichment must be explored further to overcome these challenges. Lastly, the review discusses the potential of developing multi-domain ontologies to broaden the knowledge coverage of QA systems. While this presents complex linguistic and ontological challenges, it offers the advantage of responding to various user queries across various domains. This literature review identifies crucial challenges in developing ontology-based Indonesian QA systems and suggests innovative approaches to address these challenges.
Evidence of Students’ Academic Performance at the Federal College of Education Asaba Nigeria: Mining Education Data
Authors: Ojugoa Arnold Adimabua , Odiakaose Christopher Chukwufunaya , Emordi Frances , Ako Rita Erhovwo , Adigwe Winifred , Anazia Kizito Eluemonor , Geteloma Victor
Published: November 2023

One main objective of higher education is to provide quality education to its students. One way to achieve the highest level of quality in the higher education system is by discovering knowledge for prediction regarding enrolment of students in a particular course, alienation of traditional classroom teaching model, detection of unfair means used in online examination, detection of abnormal values in the result sheets of the students, and prediction about students’ performance. The knowledge is hidden among the educational data set and is extractable through data mining techniques. The present paper is designed to justify the capabilities of data mining techniques in the context of higher education by offering a data mining model for the higher education system in the university. In this research, the classification task is used to evaluate student’s performance, and as many approaches are used for data classification, the decision tree method is used here. By this, we extract data that describes students’ summative performance at semester’s end, helps to identify the dropouts and students who need special attention, and allows the teacher to provide appropriate advising/counseling.
Deep Learning Approaches with Optimum Alpha for Energy Usage Forecasting
Authors: Wibawa Aji Prasetya , Utama Agung Bella Putra , Akbari Ade Kurnia Ganesh , Fadhilla Akhmad Fanny , Triono Alfiansyah Putra Pertama , Paramarta Andien Khansa’a Iffat , Setyaputri Faradini Usha , Hernandez Leonel
Published: November 2023

Energy use is an essential aspect of many human activities, from individual to industrial scale. However, increasing global energy demand and the challenges posed by environmental change make understanding energy use patterns crucial. Accurate predictions of future energy consumption can greatly influence decision-making, supply-demand stability and energy efficiency. Energy use data often exhibits time-series patterns, which creates complexity in forecasting. To address this complexity, this research utilizes Deep Learning (DL), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), Long Short-term Memory (LSTM), Bidirectional LSTM (Bi-LSTM), and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) models. The main objective is to improve the accuracy of energy usage forecasting by optimizing the alpha value in exponential smoothing, thereby improving forecasting accuracy. The results showed that all DL methods experienced improved accuracy when using optimum alpha. LSTM has the most optimal MAPE, RMSE, and R2 values compared to other methods. This research promotes energy management, decision-making, and efficiency by providing an innovative framework for accurate forecasting of energy use, thus contributing to a sustainable and efficient energy system.