bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Flexible Electrochemical Sensing: Compact and Efficient Detection of Bisphenol A Using Copper Nanoparticle Decorated Laser‐Induced Graphene‐Based Electrode
Authors: Han Xiao , Ai Yijing , Wang Lisi , Liu Tao , Badshah Amir , Hu Xiaojuan , Huang Zhitan , Mansoor Ahmad , Sun Wei
Published: February 2025

Bisphenol A (BPA) exposure poses significant health risks, making its analysis essential. This study presents a portable electrochemical sensing platform using copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) decorated on a laser‐induced graphene (LIG) electrode (CuNPs@LIGE). The platform is created through a one‐step laser‐induced synthesis that combines polyimide and metal precursors, resulting in a three‐dimensional porous structure. The sensor utilizes linear scan voltammetry for BPA detection with a smartphone‐connected electrochemical workstation. The presence of CuNPs in LIG enhances electrical conductivity and response signals. Under optimal conditions, the sensor achieves a detection range from 0.1 μmol/L to 10.0 mmol/L and a low detection limit of 0.033 μmol/L (3σ), demonstrating good stability and selectivity. Additionally, it shows recovery rates between 95.71% and 99.17% for BPA detection in seawater samples, making it a strong candidate for rapid BPA monitoring applications.
Patient‐Related Factors Influencing Motivation to Change in Adolescents With First‐Onset Anorexia Nervosa: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Mey Elisabeth De , Meijer Marisha N. , Bracké Katrien F. M. , Steegers Cathelijne P. M. , Hillegers Manon H. J. , Danckaerts Marina , White Tonya , Dieleman Gwendolyn C.
Published: February 2025

Objective

Motivation to change significantly impacts treatment outcomes in eating disorders (EDs). This study investigated patient‐related factors associated with motivation to change in adolescents with first‐onset anorexia nervosa (AN). Understanding these factors will help tailor interventions to individual needs, enhancing treatment outcomes.

Method

Seventy‐six female adolescents with first‐onset AN completed the Readiness and Motivation Questionnaire (RMQ)—Dutch translation. ED symptoms, body mass index, and comorbidity (depressive, anxiety, obsessive‐compulsive, autism spectrum disorder, and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder symptoms) were analysed using linear regression analyses. As a secondary aim, the association between specific ED behaviours and motivation to change was analysed. This project was preregistered: https://osf.io/vx9ud/.

Results

Adolescents with more severe ED symptoms, depressive symptoms, and obsessive‐compulsive symptoms, experienced lower motivation to change. The severity of ED symptoms emerged as the most important factor associated with motivation to change, specifically ED symptoms concerning weight and body shape. Additionally, laxative misuse was associated with greater motivation to change.

Conclusions

The link between motivation to change and ED symptoms suggests that early treatment can improve outcomes by reducing ED symptoms and facilitating change. Furthermore, addressing depression during treatment might enhance motivation to change.
Acceptability and somatic mutations in cervicovaginal self‐sampling for early endometrial cancer detection in women with Lynch syndrome
Authors: Peremiquel‐Trillas Paula , Martínez José Manuel , Paytubi Sònia , Frias‐Gomez Jon , Pelegrina Beatriz , Marin Fátima , Benavente Yolanda , Ibáñez Raquel , Barahona Marc , Fernandez‐Gonzalez Sergi , Cárdenas Laura , Taltavull Anna , Darder Esther , de Sanjosé Silvia , Widschwendter Martin , Matias‐Guiu Xavier , Bosch Xavier , Pineda Marta , Ponce Jordi , Brunet Joan , Alemany Laia , Costas Laura
Published: February 2025

New molecular approaches are being developed to detect endometrial cancer using minimally invasive sampling methods. This study aims to evaluate the acceptability of self‐collected cervicovaginal samples among women with Lynch syndrome, a group at high risk for developing endometrial cancer. Participants collected cervicovaginal self‐samples and answered an at‐home acceptability questionnaire in a cross‐sectional study. Self‐samples from a subset of these women were analyzed for somatic mutations using next‐generation sequencing (NGS), targeting a panel of 47 genes. A total of 61 (88.4%) out of 69 eligible women participated in the study. The overall self‐sampling experience was rated good or very good (N = 55, 90.2%). Most of the women were confident about correctly sampling (N = 58, 95.1%), and most reported no or mild pain (N = 56, 91.8%). During self‐sample collection, most women reported feeling calm and comfortable and experiencing safety, privacy, and normality. In a pilot study using a subset of 15 samples, five somatic variants were identified in four self‐samples (4/15, 26.7%) in ACVR2A, ARID1A, APC, and KMT2D. During follow‐up, three out of four women with variants detected in the self‐sample underwent prophylactic hysterectomy at a median of 9.1 months, while one out of four developed endometrial cancer after 3.9 years since the collection of the sample. Self‐sampling is well‐accepted and well‐tolerated in women with Lynch syndrome and could potentially reduce some barriers associated with gynaecological surveillance. Further research is needed to evaluate the feasibility of implementing cervicovaginal self‐collection and the accuracy of molecular testing for gynaecological surveillance in women with Lynch syndrome.
Prognostic significance of lymph node ratio in patients with endometrial cancer: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Fanaki Maria , Pergialiotis Vasilios , Koutras Antonios , Perros Paraskevas , Vlachos Dimitrios Efthimios , Daskalakis Georgios , Thomakos Nikolaos
Published: February 2025

Background

The ratio of harvested lymph nodes to the number of metastatic nodes is known as the lymph node ratio (LNR) and its prognostic significance was investigated in many types of cancer.

Objectives

However, until now, the therapeutic role of lymphadenectomy in the management of endometrial cancer (EC) has remained controversial.

Search Strategy

The search strategy involved the Medline, Scopus, Clinicaltrials.gov, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials CENTRAL, and Google Scholar databases.

Selection Criteria

We included prospective and retrospective observational studies.

Data Collection and Analysis

The current systematic review includes seven studies with a total of 6050 patients. From Cox regression analyses, pooled hazard ratios (HRs) were obtained to reduce the confounding effect of other factors that affect the survival outcomes.

Main Results

The meta‐analysis revealed a significant difference in progression‐free survival in patients with LNR below the cut‐off point in comparison to individuals with LNR above the cut‐off point (HR 2.06, 95% CI 1.57–2.71, data from 6 studies). Similarly, a significantly smaller overall survival was observed among patients with LNR above the cut‐off value (HR 1.99, 95% CI 1.53–2.60; data from five studies).

Conclusions

The results of this systematic review provide strong evidence that LNR could be a prognostic factor for EC patients regarding the need for adjuvant therapy and survival rate. Further studies should focus on the specific cut‐off levels of LNR and the role of the molecular markers in assessing the prognosis of EC patients.
Double‐vacuum application for vaginal delivery of persistent brow presentation: A novel technique
Authors: Nolan Ciara E. , Wilkinson Michael , Uzochukwu Ikechukwu , Skehan Mark
Published: February 2025

Synopsis

A novel double‐vacuum technique is used to flex the fetal head into an optimum position for safe vaginal delivery.
Reshaping the Treatment Landscape of a Galactose Metabolism Disorder
Authors: Estela Rubio‐Gozalbo M. , Naomi Vos E. , Rivera Isabel , Lai Kent , Berry Gerard T.
Published: February 2025

The Leloir pathway was elucidated decades ago, unraveling how galactose is metabolized in the body. Different inborn errors of metabolism in this pathway are known, the most frequent and well‐studied being Classic Galactosemia (CG) (OMIM 230400) due to pathogenic variants in the GALT gene. Substrate reduction using dietary restriction of galactose is currently the only available treatment option. Although this burdensome diet resolves the life‐threatening clinical picture in neonates, patients still face long‐term complications, including cognitive and neurological deficits as well as primary ovarian insufficiency. Emerging therapies aim to address these challenges on multiple fronts: (1) restoration of GALT activity with nucleic acid therapies, pharmacological chaperones, or enzyme replacement; (2) influencing the pathological cascade of events to prevent accumulation of metabolites (Galactokinase 1 (GALK1) inhibitors, aldose reductase inhibitors), address myo‐inositol deficiency, or alleviate cellular stress responses; (3) substrate reduction with synthetic biotics or galactose uptake inhibitors to eliminate the need for lifelong diet; and (4) novel approaches to mitigate existing symptoms, such as non‐invasive brain stimulation and reproductive innovations. Early, personalized intervention remains critical for optimizing patient outcomes. We review the advances in the development of different treatment modalities for CG and reflect on the factors that need to be considered and addressed to reshape the landscape of treatment.
Pre‐Treatment Breast MRI: Clinical Indications, Outcomes, and Future Directions
Authors: Dontchos Brian N. , Phelps Matthew D. , Rahbar Habib , Lam Diana L.
Published: February 2025

Breast MRI is the most sensitive modality for assessing the extent of disease in patients with newly‐diagnosed breast cancer because it identifies clinically‐ and mammographically‐occult breast cancers. Though highly sensitive, breast MRI has lower specificity that may result in false positive findings and potential overestimation of disease if additional MRI findings are not biopsied prior to surgery. It had been anticipated that the superior cancer detection rate of pre‐treatment MRI would translate to improved immediate (surgical re‐excision) and long‐term patient outcomes such as breast cancer recurrence and survival rates, but studies have not necessarily supported this assumption. In this review, current recommendations and utilization of breast MRI for pre‐treatment local staging of breast cancer will be presented, with an emphasis on specific clinical scenarios for patient selection and its impact on short‐ and long‐term patient clinical outcomes. We will also present new evidence that pre‐treatment MRI may support de‐escalation of treatment and discuss emerging advanced MRI techniques that may improve diagnostic performance.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Dental Pulp Assessment: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Han Bing , Chen Na , Luo Jin , Afkhami Farzaneh , Peters Ove A. , Wang Xiaoyan
Published: February 2025

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has recently emerged as a promising modality for dental applications, offering radiation‐free imaging with superior soft tissue visualization capabilities compared to x‐ray‐based techniques such as spiral or cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Conventional radiographic methods or CBCT cannot directly assess the condition of the dental pulp due to their primary focus on hard tissue visualization, whereas the dental pulp is primarily composed of connective tissue. Given the advantages of MRI in soft tissue imaging, this review aims to explore the current application of MRI for dental pulp tissue assessment. Relevant studies concerning the application of MRI for visualizing dental pulp were retrieved from databases including PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. The review explored and discussed the advancements in MRI hardware and software related to dental pulp visualization, as well as the advantages and limitations of MRI in dental pulp studies. Despite remaining limitations, such as scanning time and cost considerations, MRI offers notable benefits, including radiation‐free imaging and potentially superior resolution and accuracy compared with other imaging techniques. Consequently, the continued advancement of MRI as a noninvasive diagnostic method in dentistry, particularly for assessing pulp condition, holds substantial promise for improving endodontic diagnosis and subsequent treatment decision‐making.
Microbiological Investigations for Chikungunya Virus in Children With Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in a Non‐Outbreak Setting in Southern India
Authors: Damodar Tina , Pattabiraman Chitra , Singh Bhagteshwar , Jose Maria , Prabhu Namratha , L Akhila , Prasad Pramada , Kinhal Uddhava V. , Lalitha A. V. , Dsouza Fulton Sebastian , Sajjan Sushma Veeranna , Gowda Vykuntaraju K. , Ravi Vasanthapuram , Kolamunnage‐Dona Ruwanthi , Michael Benedict D. , Solomon Tom , Yadav Ravi , Turtle Lance
Published: February 2025

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an emerging cause of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) in India, with limited data on its role in childhood AES in southern India. We systematically evaluated children with AES in southern India during a non‐epidemic period for CHIKV. Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were tested for CHIKV using IgM ELISA and real‐time reverse transcriptase PCR. Amplicon sequencing was performed on PCR‐positive samples. Clinical and laboratory features were compared between children with and without CSF CHIKV positivity (PCR/IgM antibodies). Of 376 children with AES, 20 (5.3%) had positive CHIKV tests. Co‐infections were common, particularly with scrub typhus. Children presented with diverse symptoms affecting various organ systems. Neurological manifestations included meningism, seizures, cerebellar signs, behavioral abnormalities, cranial nerve involvement, involuntary movements, and hemiparesis/hemiplegia. Children with CSF CHIKV positivity showed more focal neurological deficits and transaminitis, and less musculoskeletal symptoms. Sequencing confirmation of CHIKV was made in all patients with positive CHIKV PCR, revealing a close relationship with 2016 Kenyan and Indian strains, albeit in a different clade within the East/Central/South African genotype. Along with important mutations known to impact CHIKV infectivity, four novel amino acid substitutions were detected in envelope protein coding regions. Our findings underscore the importance of routine and comprehensive CHIKV testing for children with AES, irrespective of season/outbreak. The high rate of co‐infections warrants further research. Continued genomic surveillance is essential to monitor emerging mutations with epidemic potential, increased severity and the risk of neurological disease.
Inhibition of Polo‐Like Kinase 1 Dampens the Replication of Vaccinia Virus in Mammalian Cells
Authors: Zhu Junda , Jia Xuejiao , Ren Shuning , Zhang Zihui , Li Hua , Wang Jing , Song Baifen , Wu Wenxue , Peng Chen
Published: February 2025

Since the eradication of smallpox, zoonotic poxviruses, such as the mpox virus (MPXV), continue to pose a threat to public health. Identifying drugs that reduce poxvirus infection and replication, as well as understanding their molecular mechanisms, is essential for epidemic control. Polo‐like kinase 1 (PLK1) has been shown to facilitate vaccinia virus (VACV) infection and replication. This study confirms the effects of the PLK1 inhibitors HMN‐214 and ON‐01910 on VACV replication in A549 cells. Both viral titers and DNA loads were significantly reduced in treated cells after infection. Additionally, ON‐01910 demonstrated broad‐spectrum antiviral activity against the lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) and the infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) in vitro. PLK1 knockdown in A549 cells also led to a reduction in VACV protein expression, viral titers, and DNA levels. Further analysis showed that VACV infection leads to the accumulation of PLK1 near viral factories. However, despite its strong in vitro effects, ON‐01910 did not significantly reduce VACV replication in mice. These findings highlight the critical role of PLK1 in VACV replication and its potential as a target for antiviral therapy against orthopoxviruses.
Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation for Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Comorbid Neuromuscular Disorders
Authors: Choi Alison Y. , Kaffenberger Thomas M. , Soose Ryan J. , Whelan Rachel L.
Published: February 2025

Hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HGNS) is an effective surgical treatment for many patients with moderate‐to‐severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) who are unable to tolerate continuous positive airway pressure. Patients with neuromuscular disorders (NMD) are particularly vulnerable to more complex sleep‐related breathing disorders due to respiratory muscle weakness and the associated risk of hypoventilation.

In this study, we present five patients with myasthenia gravis (n = 2), muscular dystrophy, Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth, and advanced multiple sclerosis who underwent HGNS therapy for OSA.

At time of surgery, the mean patient age was 54 ± 18.7 years and mean BMI was 24.6 ± 4.6 kg/m2. Mean device adherence was 8 ± 1.1 h/night at three months and 7.2 ± 1.7 h/night at 12 months. Mean apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI) improved significantly from preoperative baseline (34.9 to 8.5, p = 0.03) and 5/6 patients had a postoperative AHI <5. Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores significantly improved postoperatively (13.1–8.5, p = 0.03). Oxygen nadir trended upward (75.5–85.3, p = 0.84).

Our limited findings demonstrate that HGNS was a safe and effective treatment for five patients with OSA and comorbid NMD. Prospective studies and larger sample sizes are warranted to support our findings and confirm whether HGNS is a potential therapeutic option for this unique patient population. Laryngoscope, 2025
Can Brand Activism Benefit Luxury Brands?
Authors: Khalifa Dina , Osburg Victoria‐Sophie
Published: February 2025

Brands are increasingly taking an active stance on divisive socio‐political issues such as racial justice, transgender rights, gun control, and international conflicts (e.g., the Ukraine‐Russia war). Due to its polarizing nature, brand activism can be a risky strategy, and it is not yet understood how consumers react to brand activism conducted by luxury firms. We propose that activism by luxury brands can act as a novel form of marketing communication that leads to favorable brand outcomes. In four studies (and one pre‐test), we demonstrate the positive effect of luxury activism on consumer purchase intentions and brand evaluations. The effect, to an important extent, is driven by self‐expressive value perception, which enhances the brand's luxury perception, resulting in enhanced purchase intentions. We validate the proposed framework by examining various activism topics (the Ukraine‐Russia war, abortion rights, the “Black Lives Matter” movement). The findings further demonstrate that the effect of brand activism is contingent upon consumer political identity. Specifically, this effect holds for liberal consumers but not for conservative consumers due to the symbolic benefits the former derive from activism, which can manifest in higher purchase intentions.
When to Showcase Automated Production Processes? Disclosing Production Processes Increases Evaluation of Low‐End but Decreases Evaluation of High‐End Products
Authors: Liu Diyi , Qi Suntong , Dai Xianchi , Du Huibin
Published: February 2025

In this information age, consumers can easily learn about the production process for thousands of products, ranging from low‐end options like budget‐friendly pasta and candy to high‐end alternatives, such as gourmet versions of those same items. Despite the increasing prevalence of marketing practices that display automated production processes (e.g., plant tours, online videos, ads, showcases), there is little research on the effect of this practice. We found that it is not always beneficial for consumers to know that a product is produced through automated manufacturing, contrary to what many managers may expect. This paper explores when and why marketers should disclose automated production processes to consumers. Specifically, we found that disclosing automated production process may have opposite effects based on the product's positioning. Through a preliminary survey, two pilot studies, and eight studies, we found that disclosing the automated production process enhances the evaluation of low‐end products by increasing perceived product function, while it negatively impacts the evaluation of high‐end products by reducing perceived product image. We further examined the boundary conditions for the proposed effect. Notably, the negative impact on high‐end products is not observed when the production process is emphasized as handmade (rather than automation), when the product's country of origin is highlighted, or when the product involves advanced technology. Our findings draw attention to the downsides of the automation process. Additionally, this research helps companies to manage the communication of production methods to consumers strategically.
Long‐Term Clinical Outcomes of Treatments for In‐Stent Chronic Total Occlusions: A Real‐World Study Based on Different Strategies of Revascularization
Authors: Yang Zhuoran , Yin Jiasheng , Hu Yiqing , Zhu Li , Zhou You , Zhang Yaqi , Krishnamurthi Nirupama , Jiang Jieyu , Zhou Wenxian , Barman Nitin , Lu Hao , Ge Junbo
Published: February 2025

Coronary artery disease (CAD), the most common panvascular disease, can progress to chronic total occlusion (CTO). Drug‐eluting stent (DES) is one of standard CAD treatments, but in‐stent restenosis leading to CTO is challenging, with unclear optimal management. The efficacy of drug‐coated balloons (DCB) for treating DES‐related in‐stent chronic total occlusion (IS‐CTO) is undetermined. In this single‐center retrospective cohort study of 198 patients with IS‐CTO post‐DES, 3‐year outcomes of DCB, DES, and plain old balloon angioplasty (POBA) were compared, focusing on target vessel failure (TVF). DES showed the lowest TVF rate (DCB vs. DES vs. POBA: 31.8% vs. 17.1% vs. 51.6%, p < 0.01), mainly due to fewer revascularizations. Notably, the difference in TVF between DCB and DES became more apparent after the first year. DCB was an independent risk factor for late TVF (HRadj = 6.51, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.45–18.84, p < 0.01), whereas POBA for early TVF compared to DCB (HRadj = 5.01, 95% CI = 1.36–18.42, p = 0.02). While POBA‐treated patients exhibited a higher target vessel myocardial infarction rate, the death rates were comparable across all cohorts. In conclusion, DES showed the lowest 3‐year TVF rate, making it the most effective treatment for IS‐CTO compared to DCB and POBA.
The Roles of Fasciotomy and Peripheral Nerve Decompression in Electric Burn Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Blears E. E. , Ballou J. , Weitzner A. , Caffrey Julie , Dellon A. L.
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Peripheral nerves preferentially conduct electricity due to their low resistance as compared with other tissues, predisposing them to injury from electrical burns. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of fasciotomy and peripheral nerve decompression on peripheral nerves after electric injury.

Methods

A systematic review of patients who had sustained electric burn injuries was performed according to PRISMA Guidelines. Incidence, demographic and injury characteristics, and patterns of symptoms were analyzed. Meta‐analysis was performed to examine changes from baseline from nerve conduction studies. Outcomes for fasciotomy and various nerve decompressions were also analyzed.

Results

Of the 119 articles included in for systematic review, 16,773 patients were included. Most available studies the case reports or case series that yielded moderate‐ to poor‐quality evidence. The median follow‐up of the included patients was 44 weeks (IQR 15–97 weeks). Patients who underwent fasciotomy had significantly lower rates of peripheral neuropathy than those who did not by the last recorded follow‐up (45% vs. 92%, p < 0.0001). Patients who underwent peripheral nerve decompression after 30 days of injury had lower rates of peripheral neuropathy at the last follow‐up compared with those who underwent decompression within 30 days (21% vs. 53%, p < 0.0001).

Conclusions

A paucity of high‐quality evidence exists to standardize management recommendations for peripheral nerve injury; however, of what literature does exist, it seems that fasciotomy and nerve decompressions are associated with improved peripheral nerve function in the long‐term, but nerve decompression likely provides more benefit when performed if symptoms persist one‐year post‐injury.
Key Determinants of Cardiovascular Outcomes in Multi‐Ethnic Patients With Rheumatic Disease Using JAK Inhibitors
Authors: Sunmboye Kehinde , Memon Ahsan , Durrani Maumer
Published: February 2025

Background

Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors are effective therapies for autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARDs), but concerns persist regarding their cardiovascular effects, particularly in diverse patient populations. Identifying determinants of cardiovascular risk is essential for optimising therapy and outcomes, especially in multi‐ethnic cohorts.

Objective

To assess clinical and socioeconomic determinants, including age, deprivation decile and ethnicity, in predicting cardiovascular events among patients on JAK inhibitors in a multi‐ethnic cohort.

Methods

A retrospective cohort study of 309 patients with ARDs (mean age 59.3 years, 77% female, 73% White, 25% South Asian) receiving JAK inhibitors at a UK teaching hospital was conducted. Cardiovascular events, including myocardial infarctions, strokes and cardiovascular‐related deaths, were recorded. Multivariate logistic regression assessed associations between age, deprivation decile, ethnicity and cardiovascular outcomes.

Results

The combined effect of age and deprivation decile significantly predicted cardiovascular events (p = 0.031). Older age demonstrated an odds ratio (OR) of 1.06 (95% CI: 1.00–1.13). Neither age nor deprivation decile alone achieved statistical significance, but their combination provided a robust model with an AUC of 0.837. Ethnicity was not independently predictive in this cohort.

Conclusions

In a multi‐ethnic cohort, age and deprivation decile jointly predict cardiovascular events in patients on JAK inhibitors. Socioeconomic factors should be integrated into cardiovascular risk assessment models to inform personalised care strategies for patients receiving JAK inhibitor therapy.
Quality of Life With Ehlers‐Danlos Syndrome/Joint Hypermobility Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Psychosocial Interventions
Authors: Bohling‐Davis Erika , Khan‐Lodhi Boushra , Jenkinson Elizabeth , Tremblett Maddie , Meyrick Jane
Published: February 2025

Background

Psychosocial interventions may improve QoL in people with wider chronic pain conditions. However, the evidence requires refining for application to EDS/JHMS. This systematic review aimed to identify, assess and synthesise the evidence of the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions concerning EDS/JHMS. EBSCO, OpenGrey, Cochrane, Prospero, Researchgate and BPS Wiley online were searched for papers published approximately 2000–2024 for studies in which (1) Participants diagnosed with EDS/JHMS. (2) Quantitative or mixed methods. (3) Assessed a Psychosocial intervention to a (4) quality of life outcome. (5) in English. EPHPP quality assessment tool was used to assess the quality and risk of bias.

Main text

The study identified six studies, including 343 participants aged 13–69 (F = 248, M = 8), of unknown ethnicity. Five studies were cohort and one non‐randomised controlled trial. Key methodological flaws included no reported effect size and no control group. With quality assessed as low (5) or moderate (1), there was weak evidence that psychosocial interventions containing mindfulness and CBT resulted in a general improvement in QoL compared to no intervention.

Conclusions

Findings from this review indicate the potential of mindfulness and CBT in improving QOL in EDS/JHMS and, in some studies, pain and fatigue. However, existing research is at high risk of bias, has low methodological quality, and is predominately focused on female patients. Future research should adopt methodologically robust approaches such as RCTs and more inclusive samples and consider co‐production.
Decolonizing Public Administration in Latin America: A Systematic Literature Review of Trending Discussions in the Region
Authors: Didier Nicolas
Published: February 2025

This study examines knowledge production and dissemination dynamics within Latin American Public Administration (PA) as reflected in SCIELO‐indexed journals. By applying a systematic review under PRISMA guidelines, it identifies thematic trends and institutional challenges shaping the regional epistemic community. The findings highlight systemic gaps, including limited journal specialization and underrepresentation of regional voices within the global PA discourse. The study emphasizes theoretical and methodological contributions addressing civil service reforms, PA education, and institutional development while critiquing the pervasive influence of epistemic colonialism. By proposing strategies to integrate local and global perspectives, this work advances the decolonization of PA, fostering inclusive and contextually relevant paradigms. These insights aim to enhance Latin American contributions to global PA debates, bridging disciplinary divides and addressing regional priorities.
Exploring values, rules, and knowledge around traditional hunting in a rapidly developing society
Authors: Plieninger Tobias , Bogadóttir Ragnheiður , Fagerholm Nora , Magnussen Eyðfinn , Olafsson Anton S. , Raymond Christopher M. , Verbrugge Laura N. H.
Published: February 2025

Consideration of traditional practices of natural resource management in decision‐making is crucial to meet the challenges of the world’s intersecting sustainability crises. However, knowledge of the role that such practices play in developed societies is scant, especially in Europe.

This study investigates the persistence of traditional hunting practices in the context of the Faroe Islands. Specifically, it explores the values, rules, and knowledge in relation to traditional hunting practices that shape human–nature relationships.

Through 31 semi‐structured interviews with active participants in mountain hare hunting, pilot whale hunting, and fulmar fowling, the study employs thematic content analysis to identify key themes and interrelations grounded in participant perspectives. Utilising the values‐rules‐knowledge (v‐r‐k) framework, which integrates diverse values, rules, and knowledge types, the study addresses the complex social‐ecological challenges in the North Atlantic. These are characterized by rapid economic growth, geographic isolation, strong place attachment, and social‐ecological vulnerabilities.

Our results show that while traditional practices are diminishing across Europe, they remain vibrant in the Faroe Islands. Yet, hunting has shifted from subsistence to a recreational activity, with relational values to nature and the local community becoming more important than instrumental values.

Our study demonstrates the important influence of the transmission of specific values, rules, and knowledge over time on hunting and ecosystem management practices, which extends existing scholarship on the motivational basis of hunting.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
Effect of plating thickness on PA6/nickel‐plated carbon fiber composites manufactured using LFT pellets
Authors: Park Jong‐Hyun , Cho Chaewook , Kim Ki Hoon , Kang Ji‐Hun , Seo Min‐Kang , Choi Bo‐Kyung , Kim Seong Yun
Published: February 2025

In this study, polyamide 6 (PA6)/metal (Ni)‐plated carbon fiber (MCF) long‐fiber‐reinforced thermoplastic (LFT) composites using LFT pellets were fabricated and the variation in their mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties with plating thickness was examined. The plating thickness of MCF significantly influences the physical and mechanical properties, including electrical resistance, mechanical strength, and thermal stability, of MCF LFT composites. PA6/MCF(90), the composite with a moderate plating thickness, exhibits optimal physical properties. Especially, some properties are adversely affected on increasing the plating thickness, possibly, because the properties of MCF LFT composites are influenced by several factors, including fiber–matrix adhesion and plating uniformity. The results of this study could facilitate future studies of high‐performance MCF LFT composites with tuned properties for specific applications.

Highlights

CFs coated with 90, 185, and 280 nm Ni thickness were investigated.

Mechanical and EMI properties of composites were determined by Ni thickness.

90 nm Ni coating induced the optimal composite properties.
Bio‐based thermoplastic composites reinforced with natural fillers for sustainable packaging: A comprehensive review
Authors: Moutinho Lisete Garrido , Soares Eduardo , Oliveira Martinho
Published: February 2025

Packaging represents a huge field of application for plastic materials, especially for food and beverage purposes. For many years, conventional plastics have been manufactured and used for packaging applications in different sectors. However, plastics based on fossil resources are not biodegradable, which has led to serious environmental issues and recycling problems. In the last years, bio‐based and biodegradable polymers are gaining popularity, emerging as a substitute strategy for some industrial applications to reduce the risk associated with fossil‐based plastics. In this field, biocomposites consisting of bio‐based thermoplastics and natural fillers are gaining traction and increasing interest and investment from industries seeking sustainable solutions to meet consumer demands. In this review, recent advances in the use and characterization of biopolymers and biocomposites, and their potential as a packaging material are addressed. Legal regulation for packaging applications in Europe and United States of America are explored and its enforcement for biocomposite materials is discussed. This work provides relevant information of biocomposites performance for packaging applications, market perspective and legal compliance.

Highlights

Global plastic production achieved a total of 400.3 M tons in 2022.

Packaging is the main application for plastics which is an environmental issue.

Biocomposites are a sustainable alternative for packaging.

Natural fillers improve relevant properties for biocomposite packaging materials.

Legal aspects regarding biocomposites for food packaging is explored.
Failure prediction analysis‐based mechanostructural design of ply overlap joint for conformal load‐bearing antenna structure
Authors: Jeon Jae‐An , Park Ill‐Kyung , Lee Sang Eui
Published: February 2025

Ply overlap joint designs were investigated in the mechanostructural point of view to secure the mechanical performance of an electromagnetic (EM) window of conformal load‐bearing antenna structures (CLAS). The EM window was constructed with a combination of dissimilar materials of carbon‐fiber (CF) fabrics and glass‐fiber (GF) fabrics. Three types of ply overlap joints laminated in [0/45/−45/0] stacking sequence for each CF and GF fabric were considered: staggered overlap, flush overlap, and hybrid overlap. Evaluation and analysis of each ply overlap joint design was performed through tensile testing and finite element analysis. The tensile tests revealed that the staggered overlap, the hybrid overlap, and the flush overlap have the higher joint strength in order, and that the increase in the overlap length accompanied the increase in the joint strength for the staggered joint and the hybrid one. Finite element analysis with a cohesive zone model that mimics interlaminar behavior and a progressive damage model that imitates a failure behavior was able to accurately predict the fracture behavior observed in the experiment. This study can provide a deeper understanding of the structural behavior of ply overlap joints for CLAS.

Highlights

CLAS offers load‐bearing and antenna functions, replacing protruding antennas.

Ply overlap joint can be an effective design for the structural performance of CLAS.

Staggered overlap showed the highest structural performance in tensile loading mode.

FE analysis using the cohesive zone model was in good agreement with the experiment.
Finite element‐assisted analysis of experimental out‐of‐plane impregnation behavior of reinforcement textiles
Authors: Duhovic M. , Willenbacher B. , May D. , Mitschang P.
Published: February 2025

The accurate characterization of out‐of‐plane permeability is crucial for the process design of composite parts involving through‐thickness resin impregnation. Through‐thickness permeability measurement of reinforcement textiles is however extremely challenging due to the dynamic interaction of fluid and reinforcement. In order to design the measurement equipment correctly and decide on correct processing parameters (in particular, injection pressure for different stiffness materials at different fiber volume fractions) complimentary finite‐element based simulations can be used to help analyze and understand the complex behavior of both fluid flow and textile compaction, which occurs during physical experiments. The simulation results, which can only be validated through outputs, such as flowrate, flow front development and to a limited extent textile displacement, available from the experiments, provide quantitative indications of the nonuniform through‐thickness fiber volume fraction distribution (not possible to measure via experiments) and therefore deviations from the measurement target fiber volume fraction. In this work, this methodology is used to analyze two reinforcement materials with significantly different compaction and permeability characteristics to provide possible insights into differences between saturated and unsaturated permeability measurements.

Highlights

Understanding hydrodynamic compaction by combining experiments and simulations.

Simulation results validated by sensors integrated into the physical equipment.

Out‐of‐plane fiber volume fraction distribution difficult to measure.

Simulations provide visualization of fiber volume fraction distribution.

Insights into causes of differences between saturated/unsaturated permeability.
AC electric field‐assisted interlayer alignment of carbon nanotubes to synergistically enhance the properties of GFRP composites
Authors: Xiao Jing , Li Shuran , Li Mengze , Fu Yihan , Yan Ling , Song Xiaowen , Ke Yinglin
Published: February 2025

Improving the properties of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composites with CNTs has been challenging due to the lack of control over the distribution and orientation of CNTs during composite processing. Here, we propose a new method to polarize and align the interlayer CNTs by applying an alternating current field (AC) during the curing process of GFRP laminates and to improve the matrix‐reinforcement interface. The addition of 0.05 wt% multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) resulted in a 46.78% increase in initial crack extension and a 42.45% increase in steady‐state crack extension. Based on the microscopic characterization of the fracture surfaces and interfaces, the significant increase in fracture toughness was attributed to the bridging effect of the aligned CNTs as well as strong interfaces. The results of this study provide new opportunities for the development of composites with significantly enhanced properties.

Highlights

Curing of GFRP laminates with AC electric field‐assisted technique.

Alignment of interlayer carbon nanotubes with electric field induced.

The aligned CNTs increased the interlayer fracture energy by 42.45%.
Enhancing Non‐Invasive Prenatal Testing: A Novel Approach to Improve 45,X Prediction Accuracy
Authors: Lin Xiaoying , Huang Cheng , Chen Li , Du Bole , Guo Yulai , Zeng Mi , Li Sheng , Xia Weicheng , Wei Jiaxue
Published: February 2025

Objective

Traditional non‐invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for sex chromosome aneuploidies (SCAs) has a higher risk of false positives, particularly for 45,X. This study introduces an innovative NIPT analysis pipeline to minimize false positives in 45,X screening.

Methods

We included 39 cases from the NIPT records of 15,882 pregnancies, including 20 with 45,X and 19 controls, and performed standard NIPT and size‐selection NIPT tests. Based on the two NIPT results, the Zs‐score was used to determine aneuploidy status: > 3 indicated 45,X, and −3 to 3 suggested a negative result. We analyzed the change in the positive predictive value (PPV) of NIPT for 45,X.

Results

By integrating data from two NIPT experiments and monitoring sex chromosome variations, the Zs of the control group ranged from −3 to 3, indicating no 45,X. In the NIPT‐45,X group, 9 out of 20 cases had Zs > 3, whereas the remaining 11 cases had Zs between −3 and 3. The PPV of NIPT for 45,X improved from 25.00% (5/20) to 55.56% (5/9), and 73.33% (11/15) of the initial false positives were corrected by our method.

Conclusion

Our advanced analysis process significantly improved the PPV of NIPT for 45,X and reduced the incidence of false positives.
Use of Clinically Informed Strategies and Diagnostic Yields of Genetic Testing for Fetal Structural Anomalies Following a Non‐Diagnostic Microarray Result: A Population‐Based Cohort Study
Authors: Allen Victoria M. , Schollenberg Erica , Aberg Erika , Brock Jo‐Ann K.
Published: February 2025

Objective

To investigate the performance of targeted gene sequencing, expanded gene panels, and selected exomes for prenatally identified fetal anomalies, after non‐diagnostic microarray results.

Method

All fetal samples received for genetic testing for fetal structural anomalies in the Canadian Maritime Provinces (2014–2022) were identified. Utilization and results of NGS sequencing strategies after a non‐diagnostic microarray were correlated with ultrasound findings and autopsy results.

Results

Five hundred and ninety‐three cases of fetal anomalies with non‐diagnostic RAD results were identified, including 319 (54%) with isolated anomalies. Diagnostic yield from the microarray was 7.5%. Sequence‐based testing for 131 cases gave an overall diagnostic yield of 38% (8.4% of initial cohort). For isolated anomalies, diagnostic yield was highest in the intracranial, renal, and musculoskeletal systems (44%, 60%, 64% respectively). Appropriate targeted gene sequencing provided a diagnostic yield of 40%. With clinically indicated criteria for exome analysis, diagnostic yields were higher than when clinical information prompted use of a selected gene panel (73% vs. 27%). Expanding to an exome after a non‐diagnostic gene panel had an additional diagnostic yield of 13%.

Conclusion

Multidisciplinary review and comprehensive clinical information can inform the selection of strategies for expanded genetic testing after non‐diagnostic microarray for fetal anomalies within a publicly funded health care system.
Patients' real‐world engagement with movement pattern modifications for nonarthritic hip‐related pain
Authors: Cheng Abby L. , Hannemann Austin J. , Brady Brian K. , Pashos Madeline M. , Huecker Julia B. , Steger‐May Karen , Prather Heidi , Clohisy John C. , Harris‐Hayes Marcie
Published: February 2025

Background

Nonarthritic hip‐related pain can cause chronic pain and disability. Movement pattern training is an effective nonoperative treatment when delivered via formal physical therapy, but some patients have limited access to physical therapy. Discussion of movement pattern training during a patient's initial visit to a medical provider could be a valuable addition to first‐line management of hip pain. However, the general acceptability of movement pattern related activity modification is not yet known.

Objective

To understand the real‐world willingness of patients with nonarthritic hip‐related pain to implement movement pattern modifications. A secondary goal was to explore adherence to movement pattern related activity modification after a single instructional session.

Design

Prospective cohort study.

Setting

Outpatient clinics of two U.S. tertiary care academic medical centers.

Participants

Eighty‐eight 15–40‐year‐old patients who were diagnosed by a musculoskeletal clinician with nonarthritic hip‐related pain and advised to pursue nonoperative management.

Interventions

Participants received a single instructional session of movement pattern training principles, in addition to usual nonoperative care.

Main Outcome Measures

The primary outcome was the proportion of participants who reported implementing one or more movement pattern related activity modifications during the 12‐week follow‐up period. The secondary outcome was participants' self‐reported proportion of time that movement pattern related activity modifications were implemented.

Results

Eighty‐eight participants enrolled (mean 27 [SD 8] years old, 81% (n = 71) female). By 12‐week follow‐up, 100% of the 80 retained participants implemented one or more movement pattern related activity modifications. Participants incorporated movement pattern modifications a median of 73% (interquartile range 50%–85%) of the time.

Conclusions

Participants with nonarthritic hip‐related pain demonstrated high willingness to engage in movement pattern related activity modification, even after a single instructional session. Instruction in movement pattern training principles during an initial medical visit for nonarthritic hip‐related pain may be a valuable, well‐received addition to traditional first‐line management.
Unexpected Inhibition of the Knoevenagel Condensation in Methanol by Iodonium Salt Served as Electrophilic Activator
Authors: Sysoeva Alexandra A.
Published: February 2025

Halogen bond donors are recognized as electrophilic catalysts in reactions involving carbonyl compounds. This study describes an unexpected inhibition of the Knoevenagel condensation by the catalyst. To elucidate the intricacies of the inhibition mechanism, the overall reaction order and rate constants were determined using 1H NMR spectroscopy, and further experiments with different nucleophiles were conducted. The findings revealed that the inhibition of the primary reaction is attributed to a substantial acceleration of the side reaction involving aldehyde methanolysis, which hinders the formation of the final alkene product.
Low TgPLA‐Based Copolymer Foams for Tissue Engineering Applications: Influence of Supercritical CO2 and N2 Mixtures on Open‐Cell Content, Morphology, and Storage Stability
Authors: Pongratz Annalena , Dippold Marcel , Reimer Svenja , Heß Oliver , Ruckdäschel Holger
Published: February 2025

Polylactid‐based (PLA) copolymer foams show a high potential for tissue engineering applications. However, tailored foam properties are required for these applications. As medical authorization is challenging for foams containing chemical modifiers or nucleating agents, tailored foam properties must be achieved by varying process parameters. Employing mixtures of supercritical CO2 and supercritical N2 as blowing agents is a promising approach to achieve tailored properties. In this study, the influence of CO2:N2 blowing agent mixtures on density, average cell size, open cell content, and storage stability is evaluated for PLA‐based copolymer foams suitable for tissue engineering applications. Porosities higher than 90%, which are essential for sufficient cell ingrowth, could be achieved for all blowing agent mixtures. A decreasing average cell size was found for mixtures with low CO2 content. Improved storage stability and increased open cell contents were achieved for a CO2 to N2 volume ratio of 80:20.