bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prenatal LPS leads to increases in RAS expression within the PVN and overactivation of sympathetic outflow in offspring rats
Authors: Hao Xueqin , Long Xueting , Fan Lingling , Gou Jijia , Liu Yuchao , Fu Yifan , Zhao Huijuan , Xie Xiaojuan , Wang Dongmei , Liang Gaofeng , Ye Yujia , Wang Jing , Li Sanqiang , Zeng Chunyu
Published: July 2024

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) are two major blood pressure-regulating systems. The link between the renal and cerebral RAS axes was provided by reflex activation of renal afferents and efferent sympathetic nerves. There is a self-sustaining enhancement of the brain and the intrarenal RAS. In this study, prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) led to increased RAS activity in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and overactivation of sympathetic outflow, accompanied by increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and disturbances between inhibitory and excitatory neurons in PVN. The AT1 receptor blocker losartan and α2 adrenergic receptor agonist clonidine in the PVN significantly decreased renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) and synchronously reduced systolic blood pressure. Prenatal LPS stimulation caused H3 acetylation at H3K9 and H3K14 in the PVN, which suggested that epigenetic changes are involved in transmitting the prenatal adverse stimulative information to the next generation. Additionally, melatonin treatment during pregnancy reduced RAS activity and ROS levels in the PVN; balanced the activity of inhibitory and excitatory neurons in the PVN; increased urine sodium secretion; reduced RSNA and blood pressure. In conclusion, prenatal LPS leads to increased RAS expression within the PVN and overactivation of the sympathetic outflow, thereby contributing to hypertension in offspring rats. Melatonin is expected to be a promising agent for preventing prenatal LPS exposure-induced hypertension.
Multicolor recordable and erasable photonic crystals based on on-off thermoswitchable mechanochromism toward inkless rewritable paper
Authors: Hu Yang , Qi Chenze , Ma Dekun , Yang Dongpeng , Huang Shaoming
Published: July 2024

Mechanochromic photonic crystals are attractive due to their force-dependent structural colors; however, showing unrecordable color and unsatisfied performances, which significantly limits their development and expansion toward advanced applications. Here, a thermal-responsive mechanochromic photonic crystal with a multicolor recordability-erasability was fabricated by combining non-close-packing mechanochromic photonic crystals and phase-change materials. Multicolor recordability is realized by pressing thermal-responsive mechanochromic photonic crystals to obtain target colors over the phase-change temperature followed by fixing the target colors and deformed configuration at room temperature. The stable recorded color can be erased and reconfigured by simply heating and similar color-recording procedures respectively due to the thermoswitchable on-off mechanochromism of thermal-responsive mechanochromic photonic crystals along with solid-gel phase transition. These thermal-responsive mechanochromic photonic crystals are ideal rewritable papers for ink-freely achieving multicolor patterns with high resolution, difficult for conventional photonic papers. This work offers a perspective for designing color-recordable/erasable and other stimulus-switchable materials with advanced applications.
Low-input PacBio sequencing generates high-quality individual fly genomes and characterizes mutational processes
Authors: Jia Hangxing , Tan Shengjun , Cai Yingao , Guo Yanyan , Shen Jieyu , Zhang Yaqiong , Ma Huijing , Zhang Qingzhu , Chen Jinfeng , Qiao Gexia , Ruan Jue , Zhang Yong E.
Published: July 2024

Long-read sequencing, exemplified by PacBio, revolutionizes genomics, overcoming challenges like repetitive sequences. However, the high DNA requirement ( > 1 µg) is prohibitive for small organisms. We develop a low-input (100 ng), low-cost, and amplification-free library-generation method for PacBio sequencing (LILAP) using Tn5-based tagmentation and DNA circularization within one tube. We test LILAP with two Drosophila melanogaster individuals, and generate near-complete genomes, surpassing preexisting single-fly genomes. By analyzing variations in these two genomes, we characterize mutational processes: complex transpositions (transposon insertions together with extra duplications and/or deletions) prefer regions characterized by non-B DNA structures, and gene conversion of transposons occurs on both DNA and RNA levels. Concurrently, we generate two complete assemblies for the endosymbiotic bacterium Wolbachia in these flies and similarly detect transposon conversion. Thus, LILAP promises a broad PacBio sequencing adoption for not only mutational studies of flies and their symbionts but also explorations of other small organisms or precious samples.
GTPBP8 plays a role in mitoribosome formation in human mitochondria
Authors: Cipullo Miriam , Valentín Gesé Genís , Gopalakrishna Shreekara , Krueger Annika , Lobo Vivian , Pirozhkova Maria A. , Marks James , Páleníková Petra , Shiriaev Dmitrii , Liu Yong , Misic Jelena , Cai Yu , Nguyen Minh Duc , Abdelbagi Abubakar , Li Xinping , Minczuk Michal , Hafner Markus , Benhalevy Daniel , Sarshad Aishe A. , Atanassov Ilian , Hällberg B. Martin , Rorbach Joanna
Published: July 2024

Mitochondrial gene expression relies on mitoribosomes to translate mitochondrial mRNAs. The biogenesis of mitoribosomes is an intricate process involving multiple assembly factors. Among these factors, GTP-binding proteins (GTPBPs) play important roles. In bacterial systems, numerous GTPBPs are required for ribosome subunit maturation, with EngB being a GTPBP involved in the ribosomal large subunit assembly. In this study, we focus on exploring the function of GTPBP8, the human homolog of EngB. We find that ablation of GTPBP8 leads to the inhibition of mitochondrial translation, resulting in significant impairment of oxidative phosphorylation. Structural analysis of mitoribosomes from GTPBP8 knock-out cells shows the accumulation of mitoribosomal large subunit assembly intermediates that are incapable of forming functional monosomes. Furthermore, fPAR-CLIP analysis reveals that GTPBP8 is an RNA-binding protein that interacts specifically with the mitochondrial ribosome large subunit 16 S rRNA. Our study highlights the role of GTPBP8 as a component of the mitochondrial gene expression machinery involved in mitochondrial large subunit maturation.
Recycling polyolefin plastic waste at short contact times via rapid joule heating
Authors: Selvam Esun , Yu Kewei , Ngu Jacqueline , Najmi Sean , Vlachos Dionisios G.
Published: July 2024

The chemical deconstruction of polyolefins to fuels, lubricants, and waxes offers a promising strategy for mitigating their accumulation in landfills and the environment. Yet, achieving true recyclability of polyolefins into C2-C4 monomers with high yields, low energy demand, and low carbon dioxide emissions under realistic polymer-to-catalyst ratios remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate a single-step electrified approach utilizing Rapid Joule Heating over an H-ZSM-5 catalyst to efficiently deconstruct polyolefin plastic waste into light olefins (C2-C4) in milliseconds, with high productivity at much higher polymer-to-catalyst ratio than prior work. The catalyst is essential in producing a narrow distribution of light olefins. Pulsed operation and steam co-feeding enable highly selective deconstruction (product fraction of >90% towards C2-C4 hydrocarbons) with minimal catalyst deactivation compared to Continuous Joule Heating. This laboratory-scale approach demonstrates effective deconstruction of real-life waste materials, resilience to additives and impurities, and versatility for circular polyolefin plastic waste management.
Effectiveness and safety of continuous low-molecular-weight heparin versus switching to direct oral anticoagulants in cancer-associated venous thrombosis
Authors: Kang Wei , Huang Caige , Yan Vincent K. C. , Wei Yue , Shami Jessica J. P. , Li Silvia T. H. , Yang Yu , Ye Xuxiao , Tang Junhan , Lee Shing Fung , Lee Victor H. F. , Chan Stephen L. , El Helali Aya , Lam Ka On , Ngan Roger K. C. , Wong Ian C. K. , Chan Esther W.
Published: July 2024

Given the existing uncertainty regarding the effectiveness and safety of switching from low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) to direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients with cancer-associated venous thrombosis (CAT), we conducted a comprehensive population-based cohort study utilizing electronic health database in Hong Kong. A total of 4356 patients with CAT between 2010 and 2022 were included, with 1700 (39.0%) patients switching to DOAC treatment. Compared to continuous LMWH treatment, switching to DOACs was associated with a significantly lower risk of hospitalization due to venous thromboembolism (HR: 0.49 [95% CI = 0.35–0.68]) and all-cause mortality (HR: 0.67 [95% CI = 0.61–0.74]), with no significant difference in major bleeding (HR: 1.04 [95% CI = 0.83–1.31]) within six months. These findings provide reassurance regarding the effectiveness and safety of switching from LMWH to DOACs among patients with CAT, including vulnerable patient groups.
A comprehensive review of computational cell cycle models in guiding cancer treatment strategies
Authors: Ma Chenhui , Gurkan-Cavusoglu Evren
Published: July 2024

This article reviews the current knowledge and recent advancements in computational modeling of the cell cycle. It offers a comparative analysis of various modeling paradigms, highlighting their unique strengths, limitations, and applications. Specifically, the article compares deterministic and stochastic models, single-cell versus population models, and mechanistic versus abstract models. This detailed analysis helps determine the most suitable modeling framework for various research needs. Additionally, the discussion extends to the utilization of these computational models to illuminate cell cycle dynamics, with a particular focus on cell cycle viability, crosstalk with signaling pathways, tumor microenvironment, DNA replication, and repair mechanisms, underscoring their critical roles in tumor progression and the optimization of cancer therapies. By applying these models to crucial aspects of cancer therapy planning for better outcomes, including drug efficacy quantification, drug discovery, drug resistance analysis, and dose optimization, the review highlights the significant potential of computational insights in enhancing the precision and effectiveness of cancer treatments. This emphasis on the intricate relationship between computational modeling and therapeutic strategy development underscores the pivotal role of advanced modeling techniques in navigating the complexities of cell cycle dynamics and their implications for cancer therapy.
An activity-specificity trade-off encoded in human transcription factors
Authors: Naderi Julian , Magalhaes Alexandre P. , Kibar Gözde , Stik Gregoire , Zhang Yaotian , Mackowiak Sebastian D. , Wieler Hannah M. , Rossi Francesca , Buschow Rene , Christou-Kent Marie , Alcoverro-Bertran Marc , Graf Thomas , Vingron Martin , Hnisz Denes
Published: July 2024

Transcription factors (TFs) control specificity and activity of gene transcription, but whether a relationship between these two features exists is unclear. Here we provide evidence for an evolutionary trade-off between the activity and specificity in human TFs encoded as submaximal dispersion of aromatic residues in their intrinsically disordered protein regions. We identified approximately 500 human TFs that encode short periodic blocks of aromatic residues in their intrinsically disordered regions, resembling imperfect prion-like sequences. Mutation of periodic aromatic residues reduced transcriptional activity, whereas increasing the aromatic dispersion of multiple human TFs enhanced transcriptional activity and reprogramming efficiency, promoted liquid–liquid phase separation in vitro and more promiscuous DNA binding in cells. Together with recent work on enhancer elements, these results suggest an important evolutionary role of suboptimal features in transcriptional control. We propose that rational engineering of amino acid features that alter phase separation may be a strategy to optimize TF-dependent processes, including cellular reprogramming.
Proteome-scale tagging and functional screening in mammalian cells by ORFtag
Authors: Nemčko Filip , Himmelsbach Moritz , Loubiere Vincent , Yelagandula Ramesh , Pagani Michaela , Fasching Nina , Brennecke Julius , Elling Ulrich , Stark Alexander , Ameres Stefan L.
Published: July 2024

The systematic determination of protein function is a key goal of modern biology, but remains challenging with current approaches. Here we present ORFtag, a versatile, cost-effective and highly efficient method for the massively parallel tagging and functional interrogation of proteins at the proteome scale. ORFtag uses retroviral vectors bearing a promoter, peptide tag and splice donor to generate fusions between the tag and endogenous open reading frames (ORFs). We demonstrate the utility of ORFtag through functional screens for transcriptional activators, repressors and posttranscriptional regulators in mouse embryonic stem cells. Each screen recovers known and identifies new regulators, including long ORFs inaccessible by other methods. Among other hits, we find that Zfp574 is a highly selective transcriptional activator and that oncogenic fusions often function as transactivators.
Microsecond time-resolved X-ray scattering by utilizing MHz repetition rate at second-generation XFELs
Authors: Konold Patrick E. , Monrroy Leonardo , Bellisario Alfredo , Filipe Diogo , Adams Patrick , Alvarez Roberto , Bean Richard , Bielecki Johan , Bódizs Szabolcs , Ducrocq Gabriel , Grubmueller Helmut , Kirian Richard A. , Kloos Marco , Koliyadu Jayanath C. P. , Koua Faisal H. M. , Larkiala Taru , Letrun Romain , Lindsten Fredrik , Maihöfer Michael , Martin Andrew V. , Mészáros Petra , Mutisya Jennifer , Nimmrich Amke , Okamoto Kenta , Round Adam , Sato Tokushi , Valerio Joana , Westphal Daniel , Wollter August , Yenupuri Tej Varma , You Tong , Maia Filipe , Westenhoff Sebastian
Published: July 2024

Detecting microsecond structural perturbations in biomolecules has wide relevance in biology, chemistry and medicine. Here we show how MHz repetition rates at X-ray free-electron lasers can be used to produce microsecond time-series of protein scattering with exceptionally low noise levels of 0.001%. We demonstrate the approach by examining Jɑ helix unfolding of a light-oxygen-voltage photosensory domain. This time-resolved acquisition strategy is easy to implement and widely applicable for direct observation of structural dynamics of many biochemical processes.
Enhanced anticancer activity of silver doped zinc oxide magnetic nanocarrier loaded with sorafenib for hepatocellular carcinoma treatment
Authors: Khafaga Doaa S. R. , Eid M. M. , Mohamed Mona H. , Abdelmaksoud Mohamed D. E. , Afify Mie , El-Khawaga Ahmed M. , Abdelhakim Heba K.
Published: July 2024

Drug delivery is the process or method of delivering a pharmacological product to have therapeutic effects on humans or animals. The use of nanoparticles to deliver medications to cells is driving the present surge in interest in improving human health. Green nanodrug delivery methods are based on chemical processes that are acceptable for the environment or that use natural biomaterials such as plant extracts and microorganisms. In this study, zinc oxide-superparamagnetic iron oxide-silver nanocomposite was synthesized via green synthesis method using Fusarium oxysporum fungi mycelia then loaded with sorafenib drug. The synthesized nanocomposites were characterized by UV-visibile spectroscopy, FTIR, TEM and SEM techniques. Sorafenib is a cancer treatment and is also known by its brand name, Nexavar. Sorafenib is the only systemic medication available in the world to treat hepatocellular carcinoma. Sorafenib, like many other chemotherapeutics, has side effects that restrict its effectiveness, including toxicity, nausea, mucositis, hypertension, alopecia, and hand-foot skin reaction. In our study, 40 male albino rats were given a single dose of diethyl nitrosamine (DEN) 60 mg/kg b.wt., followed by carbon tetrachloride 2 ml/kg b.wt. twice a week for one month. The aim of our study is using the zinc oxide-superparamagnetic iron oxide-silver nanocomposite that was synthesized by Fusarium oxysporum fungi mycelia as nanocarrier for enhancement the sorafenib anticancer effect.
Image processing based modeling for Rosa roxburghii fruits mass and volume estimation
Authors: Xie Zhiping , Wang Junhao , Yang Yufei , Mao Peixuan , Guo Jialing , Sun Manyu
Published: July 2024

The mass and volume of Rosa roxburghii fruits are essential for fruit grading and consumer selection. Physical characteristics such as dimension, projected area, mass, and volume are interrelated. Image-based mass and volume estimation facilitates the automation of fruit grading, which can replace time-consuming and laborious manual grading. In this study, image processing techniques were used to extract fruit dimensions and projected areas, and univariate (linear, quadratic, exponential, and power) and multivariate regression models were used to estimate the mass and volume of Rosa roxburghii fruits. The results showed that the quadratic model based on the criterion projected area (CPA) estimated the best mass (R2 = 0.981) with an accuracy of 99.27%, and the equation is M = 0.280 + 0.940CPA + 0.071CPA2. The multivariate regression model based on three projected areas (PA1, PA2, and PA3) estimated the best volume (R2 = 0.898) with an accuracy of 98.24%, and the equation is V = − 8.467 + 0.657PA1 + 1.294PA2 + 0.628PA3. In practical applications, cost savings can be realized by having only one camera position. Therefore, when the required accuracy is low, estimating mass and volume simultaneously from only the dimensional information of the side view or the projected area information of the top view is recommended.
The role of universities in accelerating the sustainable development goals in Europe
Authors: Filho Walter Leal , Sierra Javier , Price Elizabeth , Eustachio João Henrique Paulino Pires , Novikau Aliaksandr , Kirrane Maria , Dinis Maria Alzira Pimenta , Salvia Amanda Lange
Published: July 2024

The process of implementation of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) which were approved by the UN General Assembly in 2015 has not been simple, being influenced by variety of social, economic, and logistical problems. It has also been negatively affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. There are to date no specific studies aimed at assessing the extent to which higher universities institutions in Europe are active in the SDGs implementation process. Departing from this research need, this paper reports on a study aimed at examining the current degree of engagement of European universities in the implementing the SDGs. By using a multi-methods approach, which entails a review of existing documents, a survey involving participants from 22 countries and case studies, the paper maps, documents and disseminates examples of what European universities are doing to implement the SDGs, the challenges they face, and the solutions being deployed to overcome them.
Lactiplantibacillus argentoratensis AGMB00912 alleviates salmonellosis and modulates gut microbiota in weaned piglets: a pilot study
Authors: Yoon Ki-Nam , Lee Han Gyu , Yeom Seo-Joon , Kim Sang-Su , Park Jong-Heum , Song Beom-Seok , Yi Seung-Won , Do Yoon Jung , Oh Byungkwan , Oh Sang-Ik , Eun Jong-Bang , Park Seung-Hwan , Lee Ju Huck , Kim Hyeun Bum , Lee Ju-Hoon , Hur Tai-Young , Kim Jae-Kyung
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Lactiplantibacillus argentoratensis AGMB00912 (LA) in reducing Salmonella Typhimurium infection in weaned piglets. The investigation focused on the influence of LA on the gut microbiota composition, growth performance, and Salmonella fecal shedding. The results indicated that LA supplementation significantly improved average daily gain and reduced the prevalence and severity of diarrhea. Fecal analysis revealed reduced Salmonella shedding in the LA-supplemented group. Furthermore, LA notably altered the composition of the gut microbiota, increasing the levels of beneficial Bacillus and decreasing those of harmful Proteobacteria and Spirochaetes. Histopathological examination showed less intestinal damage in LA-treated piglets than in the controls. The study also observed that LA affected metabolic functions related to carbohydrate, amino acid, and fatty acid metabolism, thereby enhancing gut health and resilience against infection. Short-chain fatty acid concentrations in the feces were higher in the LA group, suggesting improved gut microbial activity. LA supplementation enriched the population of beneficial bacteria, including Streptococcus, Clostridium, and Bifidobacterium, while reducing the number of harmful bacteria, such as Escherichia and Campylobacter. These findings indicate the potential of LA as a probiotic alternative for swine nutrition, offering protective effects to the gut microbiota against Salmonella infection.
Anatolian genetic ancestry in North Lebanese populations
Authors: Platt Daniel E. , Henschel Andreas , Taleb Nassim Nicholas , Zalloua Pierre
Published: July 2024

Lebanon’s rich history as a cultural crossroad spanning millennia has significantly impacted the genetic composition of its population through successive waves of migration and conquests from surrounding regions. Within modern-day Lebanon, the Koura district stands out with its unique cultural foundations, primarily characterized by a notably high concentration of Greek Orthodox Christians compared to the rest of the country. This study investigates whether the prevalence of Greek Orthodoxy in Koura can be attributed to modern Greek heritage or continuous blending resulting from the ongoing influx of refugees and trade interactions with Greece and Anatolia. We analyzed both ancient and modern DNA data from various populations in the region which could have played a role in shaping the current population of Koura using our own and published data. Our findings indicate that the genetic influence stemming directly from modern Greek immigration into the area appears to be limited. While the historical presence of Greek colonies has left its mark on the region’s past, the distinctive character of Koura seems to have been primarily shaped by cultural and political factors, displaying a stronger genetic connection mostly with Anatolia, with affinity to ancient but not modern Greeks.
Detection of proteins with ascorbic acid-capped gold nanoparticles: a simple and highly sensitive colorimetric assay
Authors: Beyer Maximilian , Hladun Colby , Bou-Abdallah Fadi
Published: July 2024

Schematics of (A) protein-induced aggregation of AuNps and (B) ascorbic acid (AA)-capped AuNPs formation reaction.
Pd-catalyzed 5-exo-dig cyclization/etherification cascade of N-propargyl arylamines for the synthesis of polysubstituted furans
Authors: Li Meng-Ru , Zheng Meng-Yao , Wang Dong-Chao , Guo Hai-Ming
Published: July 2024

A palladium-catalyzed cyclization/etherification cascade of N-propargyl arylamines containing a 1,3-dicarbonyl side chain is described for the synthesis of polysubstituted furans bearing indoline skeletons under mild conditions.
Ferrocene-modified covalent organic framework for efficient oxygen evolution reaction and CO2 electroreduction
Authors: Sun Sheng-Nan , He Li-Ling , Huang Qing , Liu Jiang , Lan Ya-Qian
Published: July 2024

Metallocene implanted porphyrin-based covalent organic framework for improved oxygen evolution reaction and CO2 electroreduction.
Engineering valence-mismatched Ti4+ into Fe-based metal–organic-frameworks for enhanced photocatalytic CO2 reduction
Authors: Li Rui , Xue Xiang , Wu Minqi , Zuo Xuan , Hu Huilin , Zhou Guangshan , Zhang Wang , Pan Jun , Pan Xiangliang
Published: July 2024

The valence-mismatched low-dose Ti ions doped MIL-53-NH2(Fe) exhibits augmented CO2 adsorption and optimized photogenerated carrier migration efficiency for improved photocatalytic conversion of CO2 to CO.
Co-crystal formation vs. boron coordination: fluorination in azopyridines regulates supramolecular competition
Authors: Loya Jesus Daniel , Agarwal Sidhaesh A. , Lutz Nicholas , Reinheimer Eric W. , Campillo-Alvarado Gonzalo
Published: July 2024

Fluorination of azopyridines regulates supramolecular bonding competition between [B ← N] adduct and co-crystal formation with phenylboronic acid catechol ester.
Acid-modified biomass-based N-doped O-rich hierarchical porous carbon as a high-performance electrode for supercapacitors
Authors: Fu Yuanzun , Yuan Yuan , Shen Qian , Xu Hao , Ye Zheng , Guo Li , Wu Xiaoliang , Zhao Yunhe
Published: July 2024

We designed AUACW material derived from waste sawdust. Due to their rich active sites, excellent surface wettability and additional pseudocapacitance, SSCs exhibit excellent energy and power density, offering valuable application for waste biomass.
Horizontal lithium growth driven by surface dynamics on single crystal Cu(111) foil
Authors: Kim Min-Ho , Kim Dong Yeon , Li Yunqing , Kim Juyoung , Kim Min Hyeok , Seo Jeongwoo , Cunning Benjamin V. , Kim Taewon , Park Sang-Wook , Ruoff Rodney S. , Seo Dong-Hwa , Jin Sunghwan , Lee Hyun-Wook
Published: July 2024

Single-crystal Cu(111) foil promotes the lateral growth of lithium rhombic dodecahedra, preventing dendritic lithium growth during plating. This is achieved through surface migration and the interaction of lithium adatoms with individual grains.
Insights into the defect-driven heterogeneous structural evolution of Ni-rich layered cathodes in lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Huang Zhongyuan , Chen Ziwei , Yang Maolin , Chu Mihai , Li Zenan , Deng Sihao , He Lunhua , Jin Lei , Dunin-Borkowski Rafal E. , Wang Rui , Wang Jun , Yang Tingting , Xiao Yinguo
Published: July 2024

The combination of novel operando neutron diffraction and 4D-STEM clearly reveals the defect-driven heterogeneous phase evolution in LIB full cells.
Phase and interface engineering of a Ru–Sn nanocatalyst for enhanced alkaline hydrogen oxidation reaction
Authors: Wei Licheng , Yan Wei , Huang Zhongliang , Li Ruchun , Kong Qingyu , Huang Wei-Hsiang , Pao Chih-Wen , Hu Zhiwei , Lin Haixin , Chen Nanjun , Xu Yong , Geng Hongbo , Huang Xiaoqing
Published: July 2024

The heterointerface of fcc0.42 Ru–Sn catalyst exhibits strong interfacial synergy for balancing H2 adsorption and enhancing alkaline HOR activity, thereby significantly improving the performance of anion exchange membrane fuel cells.
Sustainable iron production via highly efficient low-temperature electrolysis of 3D conductive colloidal electrodes
Authors: Thanwisai Panya , Yao Zeyi , Shahabuddin Muntasir , Hou Jiahui , Fu Jinzhao , Powell IV Adam C. , Wang Yan
Published: July 2024

Low temperature electrolysis at 100 °C with 3D-conductive Fe2O3 colloidal electrodes is used to produce high purity Fe powder and other metal powders with no direct CO2 emission.
Correction: Metal-free visible-light-induced phosphorylation of unactivated alkyl iodides with white phosphorus as the P-atom source
Authors: Chen Fushan , Peng Jialiang , Ying Yue , Cao Yinwei , Xu Pengxiang , Tang Guo , Zhao Yufen
Published: July 2024

Correction for ‘Metal-free visible-light-induced phosphorylation of unactivated alkyl iodides with white phosphorus as the P-atom source’ by Fushan Chen et al., Green Chem., 2023, 25, 6629–6634, https://doi.org/10.1039/D3GC01579C.
Ga and Ti co-doped CeO2 nanorod catalysts with enhanced activity towards the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from CO2 and methanol
Authors: Wei Xuejiao , Xue Yun , Wan Tiantian , Da Biao , Wang Fei
Published: July 2024

Ga and Ti co-doped CeO2 nanorod catalysts with enhanced activity for dimethyl carbonate formation from methanol and CO2 compared to Ga-doped CeO2 catalysts have been obtained by introducing Ti during CeGa synthesis.
Quantum dots as a fluorescent labeling tool for live-cell imaging of Leptospira
Authors: Tantiapibalkun Yotsakorn , Nuchpun Sopon , Mekseriwattana Wid , Limsampan Sukhonta , Doungchawee Galayanee , Jangpatarapongsa Kulachart , Srikhirin Toemsak , Katewongsa Kanlaya Prapainop
Published: July 2024

ConA-coated QDs allow live-cell labeling of Leptospira, which is a class of pathogenic bacteria causing Leptospirosis.
Modulating efficacy and cytotoxicity of lipoamino fatty acid nucleic acid carriers using disulfide or hydrophobic spacers
Authors: Steffens Ricarda C. , Thalmayr Sophie , Weidinger Eric , Seidl Johanna , Folda Paul , Höhn Miriam , Wagner Ernst
Published: July 2024

Double pH-responsive xenopeptides comprising polar ionizable succinoyl tetraethylene pentamine (Stp) motifs and lipophilic ionizable lipoamino fatty acids (LAFs) were recently found to efficiently transfect mRNA and pDNA at low doses.
Efficient and stable semitransparent perovskite photovoltaics via a Lewis base incorporation
Authors: Zeng Jixi , Fan Xi , Wang Jinzhao , Zhang Ziqi , Chen Jiwen , Hui Kwun Nam , Song Weijie
Published: July 2024

Owing to improved crystallinity and low trap-state density and matched energy levels of the perovskite, efficient and stable semitransparent perovskite solar cells were achieved.
Synthesis of fluoro-benzoxazepines via an I(iii)/BF3·Et2O-enabled 1,2-aryl migration/fluorination cascade
Authors: He Jiaxin , Shi Haofeng , Wu Jialiang , Xiao Dan , Yang Kaiyue , Sun Yuli , Du Yunfei
Published: July 2024

A metal-free method for constructing benzoxazepine backbone lies in an exclusive 1,2-aryl migration/ fluorination cascade process, which is enabled by a phenyliodine(iii) diacetate (PIDA)/BF3·Et2O reagents system.
Beyond conventional Brønsted acid catalysis: leveraging the impact of charged moiety on the phenol for the construction of julolidine units
Authors: Patel Brijesh , Barik Manas , Murugan Prabhahar , Dabas Shilpa , Rathour Parul , Subramanian Saravanan
Published: July 2024

ETP demonstrated efficient catalytic activity for the formation of the julolidine ring. NMR and kinetic investigations showed the significant influence of the charged side arm on phenol over the rate of formation of the julolidine.
Photoinduced difunctionalizations of unactivated olefins enabled by ligand-to-iron charge transfer and functional group migration strategies
Authors: Luo Mengqi , Zhu Shibo , Yin Jiawen , Yang Chao , Guo Lin , Xia Wujiong
Published: July 2024

Difunctionalizations of unactivated olefins with fluoroalkyl carboxylic acids or aldehydes via a radical-mediated functional group migration strategy are herein reported.
Biomimetic electrospun PVDF/self-assembling peptide piezoelectric scaffolds for neural stem cell transplantation in neural tissue engineering
Authors: Forouharshad Mahdi , Raspa Andrea , Fortino Giuseppe , Ciulla Maria Gessica , Farazdaghi Arman , Stolojan Vlad , Stendardo Luca , Bracco Silvia , Gelain Fabrizio
Published: July 2024

Piezoelectric materials can providein situelectrical stimulation without external chemical or physical support, opening new frontiers for future bioelectric therapies.
Enhancing C–S and C–N bond formation with ultrasound assistance: lipase-catalyzed synthesis of 2,4-disubstituted thiazole derivatives from arylethanones and thioamides
Authors: Mahaur Priya , Rajput Khushbu , Singh Vishal , Srivastava Vandana , Singh Sundaram
Published: July 2024

A novel approach for the lipase-catalyzed synthesis of 2,4-disubstituted thiazoles from arylethanones and thioamide under ultrasonication in water as a green reaction medium.
CoS1.097 nanocrystals as new nanoplatforms for photothermal therapy of arterial inflammation
Authors: Lu Ran , Ge Zaiman , Guan Zeyu , Sun Yong , Wang Xiaogao , Liu Bing
Published: July 2024

This is the first work on CoS1.097 nanocrystals for photothermal therapy of arterial inflammation.
Ceramic membrane composites for highly efficient oil–water separation: a review
Authors: Wei Tianqi , Chen Xionggang , Guo Zhiguang
Published: July 2024

This review explores the potential for ceramic membrane composites used in highly efficient oil–water separation while summarizing the characteristics of 10 common ceramic composite membranes.
A 3D printable near-infrared triggered hydrogel with MoS2 as the crosslink center for tissue repair
Authors: Wu Lina , Pei Xuan , Song Ping , Tan Zhen , Nie Jiabao , Wei Wei , Zhou Changchun , Chen Zi , Fan Yujiang , Zhang Xingdong
Published: July 2024

Schematic illustration of the preparation of PNS hydrogels and their biomedical applications.
DOA Estimation Based on Logistic Function for CD Sources in Impulsive Noise
Authors: Tian Quan , Cai Ruiyan , Luo Yang
Published: July 2024

To improve direction of arrival (DOA) estimation for coherently distributed sources under impulsive noise environments, a logistic‐based adaptive factor is proposed to suppress the impulsive noise contained in the output signals of the array. The properties of this adaptive factor are derived. Furthermore, this adaptive factor is applied to subspace methods, and a novel DOA estimation algorithm is proposed. This novel algorithm ensures the boundedness of the signal and the noise subspaces while improving the DOA estimation accuracy and robustness. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms existing algorithms in terms of resolution probability and estimation accuracy under impulsive noise environments.
BPNN‐based flow classification and admission control for software defined IIoT
Authors: Wang Cheng , Xue Hai , Huan Zhan
Published: July 2024

Flow admission control (FAC) aims to efficiently manage the service requests while maximizing the network utilization. With multiple connection requests, access delay or even service interruption may occur. This paper proposes a novel FAC approach to reduce the contention between the end nodes and ensure high utilization of the networking resources for software defined IIoT. First, incoming flows are classified into different priorities using back propagation neural network based on selected features representing the current network status. Second, with the designed flow admission policies, bandwidth and buffer size are estimated with stochastic network calculus model. Finally, the thresholds of the proposed FAC scheme are dynamically decided based on the above two parameters. Various flows are admitted or rejected via the proposed FAC to maintain real time processing. Unlike traditional FAC schemes rely on static priority systems, the proposed scheme leverages machine learning technique for dynamic flow prioritization and the stochastic network calculus model for precise estimation. Computer simulation reveals that the proposed scheme accurately classifies the flows, and substantially decreases the transmission delay and improves the network utilization compared to the existing FAC schemes. This highlights the superiority of the proposed scheme meeting the demands of software defined IIoT.
MDTrans: Multi‐scale and dual‐branch feature fusion network based on Swin Transformer for building extraction in remote sensing images
Authors: Diao Kuo , Zhu Jinlong , Liu Guangjie , Li Meng
Published: July 2024

Effective extraction of building from remote sensing images requires both global and local information. Despite convolutional neural networks (CNNs) excelling at capturing local details, their intrinsic focus on local operations poses challenge in effectively extracting global features, especially in the context of large‐scale buildings. In contrast, transformers excel at capturing global information, but compared to CNNs, they tend to overly rely on large‐scale datasets and pre‐trained parameters. To tackle the challenge, this paper presents the multi‐scale and dual‐branch feature fusion network (MDTrans). Specifically, the CNN and transformer branches are integrated in a dual‐branch parallel manner during both encoding and decoding stages, local information for small‐scale buildings is extracted by utilizing Dense Connection Blocks in the CNN branch, while crucial global information for large‐scale buildings is effectively captured through Swin Transformer Block in the transformer branch. Additionally, Dual Branch Information Fusion Block is designed to fuse local and global features from the two branches. Furthermore, Multi‐Convolutional Block is designed to further enhance the feature extraction capability of buildings with different sizes. Through extensive experiments on the WHU, Massachusetts, and Inria building datasets, MDTrans achieves intersection over union (IoU) scores of 91.36%, 64.69%, and 79.25%, respectively, outperforming other state‐of‐the‐art models.
Gate driver, snubber and circuit design considerations for fast‐switching series‐connected SiC MOSFETs
Authors: Ubostad Tobias Nieckula , Peftitsis Dimosthenis
Published: July 2024

Series connection of Silicon Carbide (SiC) Metal‐Oxide‐Semiconductor Field‐Effect Transistors (MOSFETs) is an interesting solution to design switches for voltages that are not yet commercially available or limited for single‐die devices. However, inherent static and dynamic voltage balancing must be achieved. Voltage imbalance is caused by the device parameters spread, whose impact is pronounced in low‐inductive circuit layouts. This study investigates the optimal design and tuning limits of resistor‐capacitor (RC)‐snubber circuits and non‐adaptive, standard, voltage‐source gate drivers for achieving the best balancing in transient and steady‐state voltage distributions among series‐connected discrete SiC MOSFETs operating at speeds up to . It has been shown that a larger parameter mismatch will lead to uneven switching energy losses and larger voltage imbalances. It was also experimentally shown that increasing the gate resistor to slow down the devices will not always improve balancing when their parameter spread is large. Thus, tuning recommendations for the RC‐snubber circuit and gate driver were developed based on these findings.
Application of Gibberellin Growth Regulatory Substance (GA3) and Modification of Planting Media on the Growth of Stem Tubers Porang (Amorphophalus muelleri Blume) Madiun Variety 1
Authors: Nurhidayati Tutik , Perangin Sara Dwi Nalsalisa Br , Ermavitalini Dini , Saputro Triono Bagus , Purwani Kristanti Indah
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving growth regulators GA3 and modification planting media on the growth of tuber stems of the porang plant Madiun variety 1. The growth parameters observed were: day of bud’s emergence, the weight of porang tubers, diameter of porang tubers, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area and dry weight of porang plants. Data analysis of this study used two-way ANOVA analysis and continued with the Tukey. The results of this study showed that the treatment with ZPT GA3 60 ppm showed lower growth compared to the overall treatment. This is shown in all vegetative growth parameters: plant height (21.2 cm); stem diameter (0, 38 cm); leaf area (46.4 cm2) and dry weight (1.32 g). While the treatment without ZPT GA3 application showed better growth with the highest average value. This is shown in the plant height (31.56); the stem diameter (0.62 cm); leaf area (70.6 cm) and the dry weight (2.71 g). Meanwhile, the parameters of tuber weight and tuber diameter of plants tended to decrease with the highest reduction values experienced by C0P4 plants, which were 66.75 gr and 2.02 cm, respectively.
DNA Barcoding of Horseshoe Crab From Madura Island
Authors: Insafitri Insafitri , Nugraha Wahyu Andy
Published: July 2024

Horseshoe crab or mimi, commonly known as horseshoe crab is an ancient animal that can live until now so it is called a living fossil. Horseschoe crab can be found in Madura, but there is no comprehensive data yet. Accurate data on horseshoe crab species is needed to determine the potential of this ancient animal, especially from the waters of Madura Island. A careful process of collecting, classifying, and identifying species as well as describing new species is still urgently needed to manage the potential of Madura’s coastal resources in a sustainable manner. Species identification is the most time-consuming, difficult, and often creates obstacles to data collection and analysis. Identification of horseshoe crab species can be carried out based on horseshoe crab morphology but it is quite complicated to do so a reliable and efficient method is needed. One of the currently developing horseshoe crab identification methods is by using molecular analysis of DNA barcoding. This research is the first attempt to identify species using DNA barcoding molecular analysis to investigate the potential of Madura Island as a source of horseshoe crab genetic diversity and is expected to be useful for the management of horseshoe crab resources. The purpose of this study is to find out the DNA of barcoding horseshoe crab species on Madura Island. Genetic marker Cytochrome Oxidase I of the mitochondrial genome DNA (mtDNA) was used to analyze genetic diversity. Reconstruction of phylogenetic tree and genetic diversity were made by using software MEGA X. Research results showed that sample closely related to Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda 99 %.
Ethnobotanical study of Rafflesia zollingeriana and its host (Tetrastigma spp.) at Papring forest, Kalipuro, Banyuwangi, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Nurchayati Nunuk , Batoro Jati , Hakim Luchman , Azrianingsih Rodiyati
Published: July 2024

Rafflesia zollingeriana is endemic species of the genus Rafflesia in Eastern Java was recently discovered in the Papring forest of Kalipuro Banyuwangi. Stakeholder participantion is crucial for habitat preservation, with indigenous communities playing a significant role due to their valuable knowlwdge of local plants and habitats. This study aimed to assess the impact of indigenous knowledge on R. zollingeriana. Conducted within the Papring forest community, the investigation involved interviewing 115 respondents using semi structured questionnaires. The findings revealed the presence of local names and traditional uses for R. zollingeriana, as well as its host plants. Furthermore, the study identified varying levels of community awareness regarding conservation efforts for R. zollingeriana and its host apecies (Tetrastigma spp.) Integrating this indigenous knowledge into strategic recommendations could enhance community awareness and knowledge retention.
Study of Bird Communities in Watu Ondo Waterfall, Raden Soerjo Grand Forest Park, Mojokerto
Authors: Ahsani Redito Aulia , Rahayu Sofia Ery , Akhsani Farid , Rohman Fatchur
Published: July 2024

Birds are a good predictor of habitat quality. The conversion in Watu Ondo Waterfall has been carried out, and there is no data regarding the bird community in this area, so it is necessary to research about the bird community. This study aims to identify the composition, analyze the level of diversity, evenness, richness, dominance, and the conservation status of birds species. This type of research is explorative descriptive with a quantitative approach. The research was conducted in the Watu Ondo Waterfall area, with a ±600m observation path starting from the city border to the waterfall. There are 4 observation stations with a distance between stations is 150m. The method used point count. Sampling was carried out at 06.00−10.00 and 14.30−17.00 with 3 repetitions. Based on the results of the study, 307 individual birds were found consisting of 46 species, 9 orders, 25 families and 39 genera. The average value of diversity is 2.54 (moderate). The average value of evenness is 0,87 (high). The average value of richness is 4.34 (high). The mean dominance value is 0.14 (No dominant species). Based on the conservation status found that 10 species of birds protected by government regulations and 5 species of birds classified into Appendix II by CITES. Referring to the IUCN status, found that 38 species of Least Concern, 3 species of Near Threatened, 3 species of Vulnarable and 2 species of Endangered.
Fermentation Time in The Tape Making Process Affects the Chemical Quality of Corn Tape
Authors: Devi Mazarina , Wibowotomo Budi , Ummu Nabila , Hidayati Laili , Martiningtyas Anggi , Ariffin Hashim Fadzil , Din Noorina
Published: July 2024

Consuming fermented foods to increase microbial diversity and high-fiber foods will provide more significant synergistic benefits. The purpose of this study was to analyze the chemical quality of corn tape with different fermentation times. This research was an experimental study using a completely randomized design. The treatment in this study was the length of fermentation in making corn tape, including five days, six days, and seven days. The analysis results showed significant differences in the protein content, lactic acid bacteria, pH, antioxidant capacity, and flavonoid content of fermented corn tape at different times. The longer the fermentation, the higher the protein content, lactic acid bacteria content, and flavonoid content, the stronger the antioxidant capacity and the more acidic the pH of corn tape. The conclusion is that the fermentation duration can affect corn tape's chemical quality.
The effect of adding bacteria (nitrogen-fixing bacteria, amylolytic, and phosphate solubilizing bacteria) and different culture media on the growth of the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris
Authors: Mawadah Ida , Prabaningtyas Sitoresmi
Published: July 2024

Microalgae have the potential to be developed. As a source of biofuels, medicines, cosmetics, sources of food and feed, it is necessary to optimize microalgae growth to increase microalgae growth. Bacteria can increase microalgae growth through various mechanisms such as producing CO2, degrading organic molecules, providing vitamin B12, and preventing oxidative stress. One important factor for the growth of microalgae is culture media. Therefore, it is necessary to do research to find the medium culture that gives the highest density of microalgae cells. The research objective was to determine the effect of the addition of bacteria and culture media on the growth of Chlorella vulgaris. Our research used microalgae-bacterial coculture in Guillard and Gusrina medium. The culture conditions is set 12 hours without an aerator, 12 hours with an aerator; 16 hours of light; 8 dark hours; light intensity 2700 lux. The results of the study showed the coculture treatment had higher cell density of about 3.8 × 107 cells/mL and Gusrina medium showed the highest cell density at about 4.6 × 107 cells/mL. The addition of bacteria was able to increase the growth of microalgae and Gusrina medium showed a good growth medium for C. vulgaris.
The integration of blockchain technology in 5G-enabled IoT
Authors: Taha Honar Mohammed , Mohammed Marwan Aziz , Jghef Yousif Sufyan , Sulaiman Sazan Kamal , Mustafa Twana Saeed
Published: July 2024

By linking billions of electronic devices and gadgets, the Internet of Things (IoT) has completely changed the digital landscape by extending the Internet to the various application deployments in different areas within a centralized network, these devices need high data rates and low latency to perform well and to be secure due to the nature of the application necessity, the fifth generation (5G) network solves most of the issues related to the network due to its excellent characteristics in term of high quality of service. However, because of the centralization, IoT devices with 5G support suffer several security-related problems. This paper examines the security, performance, and network issues in 5G-IoT devices and the integration of Blockchain. Technology in these devices or gadgets with the recent blockchain applications in 5G with the Internet of Things is being explored in various fields like smart home, smart city, healthcare, industry, supply chain, smart grid, and smart transportation.