bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimizing Hospital-to-Home Transitions for Older Persons in Rural Communities: A Participatory, Multimethod Study Protocol
Authors: Fox Mary T. , Sidani Souraya , Butler Jeffrey I. , Skinner Mark W. , Macdonald Marilyn , Durocher Evelyne , Hunter Kathleen F. , Wagg Adrian , Weeks Lori E. , MacLeod Ann , Dahlke Sherry
Published: June 2021

Background: Transitional care involves time-limited interventions focusing on the continuity of care from hospital to home, to optimize patient functioning and management. Providing interventions, as part of transitional care, that optimize the functioning of older people with dementia is critical due to the small window of opportunity in which they can return to their baseline levels of functioning. Yet, prior research on transitional care has not included interventions focused on functioning and did not target older people with dementia in rural communities, limiting the applicability of transitional care to this population. Accordingly, the goal of this study is to align hospital-to-home transitional care with the function-related needs of older people with dementia and their family-caregivers in rural communities. Methods: In this multi-method study, two phases of activities are planned in rural Ontario and Nova Scotia. In phase I, a purposive sample of 15 - 20 people with dementia and 15 - 20 family-caregivers in each province will: rate the acceptability of six evidence-based interventions and participate in semi-structured interviews to explore the interventions’ acceptability and, where relevant, how to improve their acceptability. Acceptable interventions will be further examined in phase II, in which a purposive sample of healthcare providers, stratified by employment location (hospital vs. homecare) and role (clinician vs. decision-maker), will: 1) rate the acceptability of the interventions, and 2) participate in semi-structured focus-group discussions on the facilitators and barriers to delivering the interventions, and suggestions to enable their incorporation into rural transitional care. Two to three focus groups per stratum (8 - 10 healthcare providers per focus group) will be held for a total of 8 - 12 focus groups per province. Data analysis will involve qualitative content analysis of interview and focus group discussions and descriptive statistics of intervention acceptability ratings. Discussion: Findings will: 1) include a set of acceptable interventions for rural transitional care that promote older patients’ functioning and family-caregivers’ ability to support functioning; 2) identify resources needed to incorporate the interventions into rural transitional care; and 3) provide high-quality evidence to inform new transitional care practices and policies, and guide future research.
Cinnamic Acid Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Suppressing Hepatic Lipogenesis and Promoting Fatty Acid Oxidation
Authors: Wu You , Wang Ming-hui , Yang Tao , Qin Ling-ling , Hu Yao-mu , Zhao Dan , Wu Li-li , Liu Tong-hua
Published: June 2021

Background: Cinnamic acid (CA)’s effect on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has not been investigated in detail. Thus, we performed this study in order to explore CA’s effect on hepatic lipid metabolism and the underlying mechanisms. Method: Oleic acid (OA) was used to induce lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. After coincubation with CA, the cells were stained with oil red O and the triglyceride (TG) content was assessed. Key genes in lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation pathways were assessed. Additionally, db/db and wt/wt mice were divided into three groups, with the wt/wt mice representing the normal group and the db/db mice being divided into the model and CA groups. After 4 weeks of oral treatment, all mice were sacrificed and the blood lipid profile and liver tissues were assessed. Results: CA treatment reduced the lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells and in db/db mouse livers. ACLY, ACC, FAS, SCD1, PPARγ, and CD36 were significantly downregulated, while CPT1A, PGC1α, and PPARα were significantly upregulated. Conclusion: CA’s therapeutic effect on NAFLD may be attributed to its ability of lowering hepatic lipid accumulation, which is mediated by suppression of hepatic lipogenesis and fatty acid intake, as well as increased fatty acid oxidation.
Exosomes Secreted by Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induce Immune Tolerance to Kidney Transplantation via Transporting lncRNA DANCR
Authors: Wu Xiaoqiang , Wang Zhiwei , Wang Junpeng , Tian Xiangyong , Cao Guanghui , Gu Yue , Shao Fengmin , Yan Tianzhong
Published: June 2021

BackgroundMesenchymal stem cells induce kidney transplant tolerance by increasing regulatory T (Treg) cells. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (BMMSC-Ex) promote Treg cell differentiation. Long non-coding RNA differentiation antagonizing non-protein coding RNA (DANCR) is expressed in BMMSCs and can be encapsulated in exosomes. We aimed to explore the role of DANCR in BMMSC-Ex in immune tolerance after kidney transplantation and related mechanism.MethodsThe kidney transplantation model was established and levels of serum creatinine (SCr) were determined. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was conducted to detect the inflammation and immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the infiltration of CD4+ T cells. Levels of IFN-γ, IL-17 and IL-2 were examined by ELISA. Flow cytometry was conducted to determine Treg cells.ResultsIn allograft group, the inflammatory response was severe, CD4+ T cell infiltration, SCr levels, and plasma rejection related factors were up-regulated, while injection of BMMSC-Ex reversed the results. BMMSC-Ex increased Treg cells in kidney transplantation mice. Interference with DANCR reversed the promoting effect of BMMSC-Ex on Treg cell differentiation. DANCR bound to SIRT1, promoted ubiquitination and accelerated its degradation. The injection of BMMSC-Ex (after interference with DANCR) promoted SIRT1 levels, inflammatory response, CD4+ T cell infiltration, SCr levels, and plasma rejection related factors′ expression, while Treg cells were decreased.Conclusion﻿LncRNA DANCR in BMMSC-Ex promoted Treg cell differentiation and induced immune tolerance of kidney transplantation by down-regulating SIRT1 expression in CD4+ T cells.
Towards Texture Accurate Slice Interpolation of Medical Images Using PixelMiner
Authors: Roger William , Lambin Philippe , Keek Simon , Beuque Manon , Primakov Sergey , Lavrova Elizaveta , Wu Guangyao , Yan Chengong , Sanduleanu Sebastian , Gietema Hester , Casale Roberto , Occhipinti Mariaelena , Jochems Arthur , Woodruff Henry
Published: June 2021

Quantitative analysis models are used for various medical imaging tasks such as registration, classification, object detection, and segmentation which all benefit from high-quality imaging. We propose PixelMiner, a convolution-based deep-learning model which interpolates computed tomography (CT) imaging slices while better preserving quantitative imaging features than standard interpolation methods. PixelMiner was designed to produce texture-accurate slice interpolations by trading off pixel accuracy for texture accuracy using a novel architecture. PixelMiner was trained on a large dataset consisting of 7092 lung CT scans and validated using external lung CT datasets. We demonstrated the model's effectiveness by using edge preservation ratio (EPR), compared texture features commonly used in radiomics, and performed a qualitative assessment by human trial. PixelMiner had the highest EPR 82% (p<.01) of the time compared to the closest competing method. It had the lowest texture error, using a normalized root mean squared error (NRMSE) of 0.11 (p<.01), with the highest reproducibility of concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) ≥ 0.85 (p<.01). PixelMiner was chosen 72% of the time by human evaluation (p<.01). PixelMiner was not only demonstrated quantitatively to have improved structural and textural constructions but also shown to be preferable qualitatively.
Benefit of 18F-FDG PET/CT in Treatment Naïve Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Yang Shan-Shan , Wu Yi-Shan , Chen Wei-Chao , Zhang Jun , Xiao Su-Ming , Zhang Bao-Yu , Liu Zhi-Qiao , Chen En-Ni , Zhang Xu , OuYang Pu-Yun , Xie Fang-Yun
Published: June 2021

Background
We aimed to testify the advantage of positron emission tomography and computed tomography(PET/CT) in diagnosing cervical lymph nodes and staging nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and investigate whether PET/CT could bring about benefit in survival and serve for individualized treatment.
Methods
A total of 2759 patients were enrolled in this study. 460 biopsied cervical lymph nodes were named cohort A. Cohort B consisted of 1093 T3N1M0 patients who received both PET/CT and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), while Cohort C contained 1377 T3N1M0 patients who underwent MRI alone. Cohort D enrolled 838 patients receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy(CCRT) with or without induction chemotherapy(IC) to develop radiologic score model to guide IC.
Results
In cohort A, the sensitivity, accuracy, and area under the curve of PET/CT were much higher than those of MRI (96.7%versus88.5%, p < 0.001; 88.0%versus81.1%,p < 0.001; 0.863versus0.796,p < 0.05) in diagnosing metastatic lymph nodes. In cohort B, MRI staged T3N0-3M0 patients showed non-different survival rates, as they were the same T3N1M0 if staged by PET/CT. Besides, patients staged by PET/CT + MRI showed higher survival rates than those staged by MRI alone(p < 0.05), regardless of the Epstein–Barr virus DNA load. Interestingly, SUVmax-N, nodal necrosis and extranodal extension were highly predictive of survival. Radiologic score model based on these factors performed well(C-index = 0.72) in risk stratification. The identified high-risk patients undergoing IC + CCRT had higher 5-year failure-free survival than those receiving CCRT alone(p = 0.0064).
Conclusion
PET/CT showed advantage in staging by accurate diagnosis of lymph nodes and contributed to survival benefit. PET/CT carried prognostic factor could identify high-risk patients and guide individualized treatment.
Smart Computational Light Microscopes (SCLMs) of Smart Computational Imaging Laboratory (SCILab)
Authors: Fan Yao , Li Jiaji , Lu Linpeng , Sun Jiasong , Hu Yan , Zhang Jialin , Li Zhuoshi , Shen Qian , Wang Bowen , Zhang Runnan , Chen Qian , Zuo Chao
Published: June 2021

Computational microscopy, as a subfield of computational imaging, combines optical manipulation and image algorithmic reconstruction to recover multi-dimensional microscopic images or information of micro-objects. In recent years, the revolution in light-emitting diodes (LEDs), low-cost consumer image sensors, modern digital computers, and smartphones provide fertile opportunities for the rapid development of computational microscopy. Consequently, diverse forms of computational microscopy have been invented, including digital holographic microscopy (DHM), transport of intensity equation (TIE), differential phase contrast (DPC) microscopy, lens-free on-chip holography, and Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM). These computational microscopy techniques not only provide high-resolution, label-free, quantitative phase imaging capability but also decipher new and advanced biomedical research and industrial applications. Nevertheless, most computational microscopy techniques are still at an early stage of "proof of concept" or "proof of prototype" (based on commercially available microscope platforms). Translating those concepts to stand-alone optical instruments for practical use is an essential step for the promotion and adoption of computational microscopy by the wider bio-medicine, industry, and education community. In this paper, we present four smart computational light microscopes (SCLMs) developed by our laboratory, i.e., smart computational imaging laboratory (SCILab) of Nanjing University of Science and Technology (NJUST), China. These microscopes are empowered by advanced computational microscopy techniques, including digital holography, TIE, DPC, lensless holography, and FPM, which not only enables multi-modal contrast-enhanced observations for unstained specimens, but also can recover their three-dimensional profiles quantitatively. We introduce their basic principles, hardware configurations, reconstruction algorithms, and software design, quantify their imaging performance, and illustrate their typical applications for cell analysis, medical diagnosis, and microlens characterization.
Electrical Properties of PZT Under High-Pressure Stress Pulse Effects of Loading Frequency and Circuit Load
Authors: Wang Ruizhi , tang enling , Yang Guolai , Han Yafei , Chen Chuang , Chang Mengzhou , Guo Kai , He Liping
Published: June 2021

The research on the discharge characteristics of PZT under conventional applications has made good progress. In theory, the piezoelectric equation can be used to describe the relationship between stress and electrical output. However, existing studies have shown that the relationship becomes nonlinear under high-pressure stress pulses. To study the effect of loading frequency and circuit load on the electrical output performance of PZT under high-pressure stress pulse, the experiment was carried out based on the split Hopkinson pressure bar and a dynamic & static universal test machine. The effects of different circuits load on the output voltage under high-frequency and low-frequency high-pressure stress pulses are analyzed. Both theory and experiments prove that the critical open-circuit measurement resistance (Rcritial) of PZT decreases with the load frequency. The output voltage is positively correlated with the load resistance when the load resistance is less than Rcritial. It is confirmed by loading different circuits (diodes are added in different positions) that reverse positive charge appears at the negative pole of the material during the stress unloading stage. PZT have the maximum dischargeable strain Tunder the high-pressure stress pulses. PZT no longer generates induced charges when the strain is greater than h. When constant strain rate loading makes PZT completely release energy, its open-circuit output voltage is proportional to the strain rate.
Enhanced Ammonia Sensing By Cost-Effective ZnO Thin Films Through Yttrium Doping
Authors: Ravichandran K. , Santhosam A. Jansi , Omar M. Aldossary , Ubaidhulla Mohd
Published: June 2021

Yttrium (Y) doped (doping concentration - 0, 1, 3 and 5 wt%) ZnO thin films were deposited using spray pyrolysis technique. The structural, surface morphological, optical and compositional properties were analysed using X-Ray diffraction (XRD), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), UV-vis NIR spectrophotmetry (UV), photoluminescence study (PL) and elemental composition analysis. Ammonia vapour sensing properties such as response/recovery, stability and repeatability were studied at room temperature. XRD results confirmed that the prepared samples have hexagonal wurtzite structure. ZnO:Y thin film with 5 wt% yttrium doping exhibits excellent sensing response of 99, fast response/recovery times of 29 s/ 7 s which may be due to the existence of oxygen vacancies in the case of ZnO:Y (5 wt%) film sample confirmed by photoluminescence (PL) study. These oxygen vacancies attract more electrons and thus enhance the gas sensing. In addition, increase in the number of active sites caused by the substitution of Y3+(trivalent) ions into the Zn2+ (divalent) regular sites as confirmed by the observed M-B (Moss-Burstein) effect also causes an enhancement in the gas sensing. Surface roughness, another reason for the enhanced sensitivity, has been confirmed by AFM.
Effect of de-trending climatic parameters on temporal changes of reference evapotranspiration in the eastern Himalayan region of Sikkim, India
Authors: Pandey Vanita , Taloh Indira , Pandey P. K.
Published: June 2021

Reference Evapotranspiration (ET0) is an essential factor in irrigation scheduling, climate change studies, and drought assessment. The study's main objective was to identify the influences of detrending input climatic parameters (CPs) on ET0 using linear and nonlinear approaches throughout 1980–2015 in Gangtok, East Sikkim, India. The benchmark values of ET0 were calculated using the global standard FAO56 Penman–Montieth equation. The ET0-related CPs included for the analysis are maximum temperature (Tmax), minimum temperature (Tmin), maximum relative humidity (RHmax), minimum relative humidity (RHmin), and sunshine duration (SSH). The linear and nonlinear trends in various CPs affect ET0 change. Linearly detrended series was obtained by linear regression method whereas, nonlinearly detrended series was obtained using the Complete Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition with Adaptive Noise method. Twenty-three scenarios, including the original scenario, 11 scenarios in Group 1 (CPs de-trended linearly), and 11 scenarios in Group 2 (CPs de-trended nonlinearly) were generated. Influences of Tmax and SSH were more substantial than the influences of other CPs for both Group 1 and Group 2. The SSH masked the weak influence of other CPs. The effects of the trends in CPs, especially of SSH and Tmax, were clearly shown. The ET0 values decreased significantly during 1980–2015; however, no significant decreasing trend was observed in the case of SSH, during the same period. The nonlinear detrending gave closer results to the benchmark values as compared to linear detrending because of non-monotone variations of the ET0 and CPs. Therefore, the results from nonlinear detrending were more plausible as compared to linear detrending. The diminishing trend of ET0 prompted an overall alleviation of the dry spell, hence there would be a somewhat lower risk of water use in the study region.
Nutrient's response to water transfer in an urban river-network
Authors: Wang Hua , Liu Zhiqi , Feng Xiangyu , Yuan Weihao , Zeng Yichuan
Published: June 2021

Through water transfer, the hydrodynamic conditions of the river network can be improved, and the biochemical degradation of pollutants can be promoted, but at the same time, the endogenous release may be intensified. It is therefore possible to subdivide the response of nutrient content to water transfer into three components: (a) Direct Impact (DI) of dilution through water diversion, (b) Indirect Impact (II) by sediment release, and (c) Self Impact (SI) of nutrient degradation and attenuation of nutrients. By combining field investigation, laboratory experiment, and numerical simulation, the contribution weight of DI, II, and SI to the change of nutrient concentration was quantitatively analyzed. The results show that: (1) in the upper reaches of the river network, II plays a leading role in that the weight is more than 75%, and increasing the amount of water diversion increases the nutrient content; (2) SI plays a leading role in the tributary of the central part of the river network, the weight is more than 60%, and when the auxiliary pumping station is opened, the weight of II is less than 1%; (3) in the southeast of the river network, the nutrient release rate is sensitive to the change of hydrodynamics, and the weight of II is more than 90%. The results of this study can provide a reference for the formulation of a comprehensive hydrodynamic water quality management control scheme in the urban river network.
Water quality assessment of East Kolkata Wetland with a special focus on bioremediation by nitrifying bacteria
Authors: Saha Mousumi , Sarkar Agniswar , Bandyopadhyay Bidyut
Published: June 2021

East Kolkata Wetlands (EKW) is designated as International Ramsar site and are the hotspot for large-scale wastewater aquaculture practices. However, the continued surveillance of physicochemical properties of water and application of an eco-friendly approach are essential to ensure safe aquaculture practices. In the present study, we assessed the seasonal variation in physicochemical parameters of water across EKW and investigated the role of nitrifying bacteria as probiotics. We statistically analyzed various physicochemical properties of water samples from EKW. Results of the statistical analysis indicated a significant variation in all the physicochemical parameters across the selected water bodies of EKW (p < 0.01). We isolated and enumerated Nitrosomonas sp. and Nitrobacter sp. and assessed their ability to degrade trichloroethylene (TCE). The role of Nitrosomonas sp. and Nitrobacter sp. were further investigated and established through a small-scale experiment. Two microbial isolates, NSW3 and NBW2, displayed superior TCE degradation ability at pH 5, and the application of these strains as probiotics were found to improve the quality of water and survival rate of fishes in the treated experimental tanks. Our findings suggest that the application of the above mixed bacterial cultures in aquaculture could be an effective and environment-friendly approach for safe and productive aquaculture operations.
The Saudi Ministry of Health’s Twitter Communication Strategies and Public Engagement During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Content Analysis Study
Authors: Alhassan Fatimah Mohammed , AlDossary Sharifah Abdullah
Published: June 2021

Background

During a public health crisis such as the current COVID-19 pandemic, governments and health authorities need quick and accurate methods of communicating with the public. While social media can serve as a useful tool for effective communication during disease outbreaks, few studies have elucidated how these platforms are used by the Ministry of Health (MOH) during disease outbreaks in Saudi Arabia.

Objective

Guided by the Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication model, this study aimed to explore the MOH’s use of Twitter and the public’s engagement during different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia.

Methods

Tweets and corresponding likes and retweets were extracted from the official Twitter account of the MOH in Saudi Arabia for the period of January 1 through August 31, 2020. Tweets related to COVID-19 were identified; subsequently, content analysis was performed, in which tweets were coded for the following message types: risk messages, warnings, preparations, uncertainty reduction, efficacy, reassurance, and digital health responses. Public engagement was measured by examining the numbers of likes and retweets. The association between outbreak stages and types of messages was assessed, as well as the effect of these messages on public engagement.

Results

The MOH posted a total of 1393 original tweets during the study period. Of the total tweets, 1293 (92.82%) were related to COVID-19, and 1217 were ultimately included in the analysis. The MOH posted the majority of its tweets (65.89%) during the initial stage of the outbreak. Accordingly, the public showed the highest level of engagement (as indicated by numbers of likes and retweets) during the initial stage. The types of messages sent by the MOH significantly differed across outbreak stages, with messages related to uncertainty reduction, reassurance, and efficacy being prevalent among all stages. Tweet content, media type, and crisis stage influenced the level of public engagement. Engagement was negatively associated with the inclusion of hyperlinks and multimedia files, while higher level of public engagement was associated with the use of hashtags. Tweets related to warnings, uncertainty reduction, and reassurance received high levels of public engagement.

Conclusions

This study provides insights into the Saudi MOH’s communication strategy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results have implications for researchers, governments, health organizations, and practitioners with regard to their communication practices during outbreaks. To increase public engagement, governments and health authorities should consider the public’s need for information. This, in turn, could raise public awareness regarding disease outbreaks.
Smart E-Farming
Authors: Dangi Mr. Ritesh R
Published: June 2021

Agriculture plays vital role within the development of agricultural country. In India about 70% of population depends upon farming and one third of the nation’s capital comes from farming. Issues concerning agriculture are always hindering the event of the country. The only solution the present to the present problem is sensible agriculture by modernizing the current traditional methods of agriculture. Hence the project aims at making agriculture smart using automation and IoT technologies. The concept smart-e-farming is developed for the ease in farming .It works on electrical energy. It includes number of sensors to test the soil parameters, they are as follows: Temperature Sensor. Soil moisture, Water level and Light etc. The main advantage is it has automatic operated covering which works according to water level and temperature.
Root traits for low input agroecosystems in Africa
Authors: Ndoye Mame Sokhatil , Burridge Jimmy , Bhosale Rahul , Grondin Alexandre , Laplaze Laurent
Published: June 2021

In Africa, agriculture is largely based on low-input and small-holder
farming systems that use little inorganic fertilizers and have limited
access to irrigation and mechanization in comparison to modern
agricultural systems. Improving agricultural practices and developing
new cultivars adapted to these low-input environments, where production
already suffers from climate change, is a major priority for ensuring
food security in the future. Root phenes improving water and nutrient
uptake could represent a solution toward achieving these goals. In this
review, we illustrate how breeding for specific root phenes could
improve crop adaptation and resilience in Africa using three case
studies covering very contrasted low-input agro-ecosystems. We conclude
with a discussion on how these phenes could be validated and made
available to breeders and agronomists.
RNA-seq analysis of workers' brain reveals that queen and brood affect bumble bee worker reproduction via similar genetic pathways
Authors: Santos Priscila , Galbraith David , Starkey Jesse , Amsalem Etya
Published: June 2021

Worker reproduction in social insects is often regulated by the queen’s
presence but can be regulated by other colony members, such as the brood
and nestmates. Adults and brood may induce the same outcomes in
subordinates but may use different mechanisms. Here, we compared gene
expression patterns in bumble bee workers (Bombus impatiens) in response
to the queen, the brood, both or none. RNA‐seq analysis of workers’
brain identified 27 differentially expressed genes regulated by the
queen and the brood. Expression levels of 8 candidate genes were
re-tested using qRT-PCR in worker brain and fat body. Our results show
that the brood’s effect on gene expression is substantially weaker than
the queen, and a greater impact on gene expression was caused by the
combined presence of the queen and the brood. All the genes that were
explained by the brood presence were also regulated by the queen
presence. A significant amount of the variation in gene expression was
explained by the queen, that regulated the expression of key regulators
of reproduction and brood care across insects, such as neuroparsin and
vitellogenin. A comparison of the data with similar datasets in the
honeybee and the raider ant revealed that neuroparsin is the only
differentially expressed gene shared by all species. These data
highlight the need to consider components other than the queen when
examining mechanisms regulating worker sterility and provide information
on key genes regulating reproduction that are likely to play an
important role in the evolution of sociality.
Inflammation but not Glycemic Control is Associated with Neurocognitive Decline After Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Scrimgeour Laura , Ikeda Ian , Sellke Nicholas , Shi Guangbin , Feng Jun , Cizginer Sevdenur , Ehsan Afshin , Sodha Neel , Sellke Frank
Published: June 2021

Background: Whether perioperative glycemic control or markers of
inflammation is associated with neurocognitive decline (NCD) after
cardiac surgery was examined. Methods: Thirty patients undergoing
cardiac surgery utilizing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were screened for
NCD preoperatively and on post-operative day four (POD4). Serum cytokine
levels were measured and human transcriptome analysis was performed on
blood samples. Neurocognitive data are presented as a change from
baseline to POD4 in a score standardized with respect to age and gender.
Results: A decline in neurocognitive function was identified in 73%
(22/30) of patients on POD4. Patients with postoperative leukocytosis
(WBC ≥ 10.5) had more NCD when compared to their baseline function
(p=0.03). Patients with elevated IL-8 levels at 6 hours postoperatively
had a significant decline in NCD at POD4 (p=0.04). Surprisingly, TNF-α,
IL-1β, IL-2, or IL-6 levels were not associated with NCD
(p>0.3 for all). There was no difference in neurocognitive
function between patients with elevated HbA1c levels preoperatively
(p=0.973) or elevated fasting blood glucose levels the morning of
surgery (>126mg/dL, p=0.910), or a higher maximum blood
glucose levels during CPB (>180mg/dL, p=0.252), or higher
average glucose levels during CPB (>160mg/dL, p=0.639).
Human transcriptome analysis demonstrated unique and differential
patterns of gene expression in patients depending on the presence of DM
and NCD. Conclusions: Perioperative glycemic control does not have an
effect on NCD soon after cardiac surgery. Postoperative leukocytosis and
elevated IL-8 levels are associated with neurocognitive decline. The
profile of gene expression was altered in patients with NCD with or
without diabetes.
Out of Asia? Vector switches leading to the expansion of Eurasian Lyme disease bacteria
Authors: Rollins Robert , Sato Kozue , Nakao Minoru , Tawfeeq Mohammed , Herrera-Mesías Fernanda , Pereira Ricardo , Kovalev Sergey , MARGOS Gabriele , Fingerle Volker , Kawabata Hiroki , Becker Noemie
Published: June 2021

Vector-borne pathogens exist in obligate transmission cycles between
vector and reservoir host species. Host shifts can lead to geographic
expansion and the emergence of new diseases. Three etiological agents of
human Lyme borreliosis (Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia bavariensis, and
Borrelia garinii) predominantly utilize two distinct tick species as
vectors in Asia (Ixodes persulcatus) and Europe (Ixodes ricinus) but how
and in which order they colonized each continent remains unknown. Here,
by reconstructing the evolutionary history of 142 Eurasian isolates, we
show that all three Borrelia genospecies evolved from an Asian origin,
suggesting that successful expansion into Europe resulted through
invading a novel vector. The pattern of gene flow between continents is
different between genospecies and most likely conditioned by reservoir
host association and their dispersal. Our results highlight that
Eurasian Lyme borreliosis agents are all capable of geographic expansion
through vector shifts, but potentially differ in their capacity as
emergent pathogens.
Left Atrial Intramural Hematoma after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Takaki Jun , Yoshinaga Takashi , Nishigawa Kosaku , Okamoto Ken , Fukui Toshihiro
Published: June 2021

Left atrial intramural hematoma is a rare complication of percutaneous
coronary intervention. We report a case of left atrial intramural
hematoma after percutaneous coronary intervention that was successfully
treated by combining surgery with interventional therapy.
Fully Distributed Consensus of Fractional Chaotic Multi-agent Systems Based on Combined Event-triggered Mechanism
Authors: Li Qiaoping , Yue Chao
Published: June 2021

By designing a novel combined event-triggered control technique, this
article analytically studies the distributed leader-following consensus
problem of nonlinear fractional chaotic multi-agent systems. First, a
novel combined event-triggered mechanism which takes into account both
the relative error and the absolute error of the samples is proposed,
under which each follower agent executes control update independently at
its own event times. Next, a fully distributed event-triggered consensus
protocol is designed and the sufficient conditions of consensus are
attained. Finally, compared with other event-triggered mechanisms, the
simulation experiments illustrate that the event-based consensus
protocol proposed in this article can effectively reduce the frequency
of actuator data update while ensuring desired consensus performance.
Vaccine Refusal Is Not Free Riding
Authors: Bradley Ethan , Navin Mark
Published: June 2021

Vaccine refusal is not a free rider problem. The claim that vaccine refusers are free riders is inconsistent with the beliefs and motivations of most vaccine refusers. This claim also inaccurately depicts the relationship between an individual’s immunization choice, their ability to enjoy the benefits of community protection, and the costs and benefits that individuals experience from immunization and community protection. Modeling vaccine refusers as free riders also likely distorts the ethical analysis of vaccine refusal and may lead to unsuccessful policy interventions.
PENERAPAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING BERBANTUAN MEDIA KARTU GAMBAR ILUSTRASI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP SISWA KELAS IV SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Annisa Virginia , Fajrie Nur , Ahsin Muhammad Noor
Published: June 2021

The purpose of this study was to improve students' conceptual understanding and teacher skills by applying the Problem Based Learning learning model assisted by illustration image card media in grade IV SD N 4 Kalipucang Wetan.The research method used is Classroom Action Research (PTK) with reference to the Kemmis and Mc. Taggart which consists of four steps, namely 1) Planning, 2) Observation, 3) Implementation, and 4) Reflection. The subjects of this study were the fourth grade students of SD N 4 Kalipucang Wetan, totaling 21 students consisting of 7 female students and 14 male students. Data collection techniques using test and non-test techniques. The test technique is carried out through a learning evaluation test which is carried out at the end of the cycle, while the non-test techniques used include: 1) observation or observation including the teacher's skill observation sheet and the observation sheet for understanding the concept of attitude and skill aspects, 2) interviews, namely structured interviews, 3) documentation. The data checking technique used is the content validity of Expert Judgment. The data analysis technique was carried out in a descriptive comparative manner.The results showed that the use of the Problem Based Learning learning model could improve students' conceptual understanding of the knowledge aspect in the first cycle with an average score of 72.428. In the second cycle, the average score increased again by 75.285. Teacher skills in cycle I with an average score of 67% and cycle II an average score of 78%. Based on the data above, it can be concluded that using the Problem Based Learning model assisted by illustration image card media can improve students' conceptual understanding skills and teacher skills on the theme of the Beauty of Diversity in My Country in grade IV SD N 4 Kalipucang Wetan.
PENGARUH MEDIA AUDIOVISUAL TERHADAP PENGUASAAN KOSAKATA BAHASA INGGRIS SISWA KELAS III SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Fa Biola Githa Shang Inaa , Patintingan Mersilina Luther
Published: June 2021

This study examined the influence of the use of audiovisual media on the level of English vocabulary mastery of grade 3 students at SDN 130 Tokesan Tana Toraja Regency. The approach used in this research is quantitative approach with one group pretest posttest design. Data analysis technique used in this study is using t-test formula.Based on the results of the study obtained showed that with the value of significance of t-test results less than 0.05 is 0.000, and the result of t calculate greater than t table is t count with a value of 6704 greater than the table t value of 2,093, it can be concluded that there is an influence of the use of audiovisual media on the level of Mastery of English vocabulary of grade III students sdn 130 Tokesan Tana Toraja
BARCODING DIGITAL SIGNATURE AUTHENCITY SEBAGAI ALAT BUKTI PERKARA PIDANA
Authors: Budianto Agus , Pangesti Shinta , Pasaribu Debora , Faustina Stephanie
Published: June 2021

Bisnis dan setiap layanan publik, dalam kondisi yang penuh ketidakpastian karena pandemi Covid-19, termasuk didalamnya konsep penggunaan cyber notary bagi pejabat pembuat akta otentik. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif, dengan menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Perolehan data primer melalui focus group discussion, interview secara langsung atau melalui seminar online, dengan teknik non-random purposive sampling. Cyber notary diselenggarakan untuk membuktikan dokumen pendukung dari suatu akta yang wajib dilengkapi dengan tanda tangan elektronik yang terdaftar. Suatu digital signature telah memenuhi unsur secara yuridis, yaitu seseorang yang membutuhkan tanda tangan digitalnya dianggap mengakui apa yang ditulisnya secara keseluruhan dalam dokumen elektronik yang bersangkutan. Oleh karenanya mendesak bagi Kemenkumham untuk segera membuat peraturan tentang digital signature dalam akta otentik notaris, mengingat sah secara hukum sebagai alat bukti surat sebagaimana disebutkan dalam Pasal 184 ayat (1) UU No. 8 Tahun 1981 tentang Kitab Hukum Acara Pidana.
Contribution to the study of improving the aesthetics of the smile by repairing and reshaping the incisors with composite materials.
Authors: Stoica Alexandra Mihaela , Stoica Oana Elena , Kovacs-Ivacson Csinszka , Monea Monica Dana
Published: June 2021

Introduction. Dental aesthetics, although it seems something relative and difficult to evaluate, it is governed by a series of laws and rules that connect the dental disciplines, creating a unitary whole. It is structured by rules, perfected by artistic sense and by the inclination towards beauty of all specialists in dento-facial cosmetics.

The aim of the study is to highlight an overview of aesthetic factors to consider when restoring anterior teeth with direct composite materials.

Material and methods. A total of 25 patients were included in the study where the anterior teeth were restored using Gradia Direct Anterior (from GC) and Filtek Z550 (from3M-ESPE) composite kits, in perfect isolation using rubber damn, with a separate appointment after 24 hours for the polishing step, for which Rainbow Kit Technic and polishing Platina Hi-Gloss (from Prevest) paste were used. While the replacement of the tooth defect, we ensured that the composite increment, which we used should not be more than 2mm in thickness, and light cured for 20 seconds as the producer recommends. In none of all tooth shape modification (elongation in incisal zone) we did not modify the occlusion, by eliminating all premature contacts. All patients included in the study have signed the informed consent and agreed to participate in this research.

Results. From a total of 25 patients, we repaired 20 central incisors with the mesial (18 cases) or distal (2 cases) angles fractured, in different accidents, 5 cases with diastema by small shape of the crown or malposition of one of the central incisors.

Conclusions. Restoring the incisal angle or the incisal edge and refining a natural and improved smile of the patient is e very frequent dental intervention, especially nowadays when aesthetics plays an important role in the social society.
Fear and dental anxiety in children: a study of the contributing factors.
Authors: Pasca Maria , Pazitor Andreea , Esian Daniela , Stoica Oana Elena , Stoica Alexandra Mihaela , Bica Cristina Ioana
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Dental fear and anxiety are an important issue affecting children’s oral health and clinical management, and also an insufficiently studied subject in dentistry.

Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to better understand the child patient - dentist versus dentist - child patient relationship and study the dental fear and anxiety of children in order to improve the dental office practice. Material and methods: In this study a personalized questionnaire was created and applied on a number of 333 children, in 4 schools from Mures county, Romania, on girls and boys between the ages of 8 and 13. The questionnaires used emoticons alongside words in order to better determine the state of anxiety created by the dental appointment and everything that it entails. All data and results obtained were analyzed using Excel and Graph Pad Prism 5.0 software.

Results: Out of 333 patients, 133 subjects (40%) were 8-10-year-old, 143 subjects (42.9%) 11 - 13 years and 57 subjects (17.1%) were over 14 years. 175 girls (52.6%) and 158 boys (47.4%) demonstrated their courage and desire in participating in our study. It was determined that fear of dental appointments was caused in children over 14 years of age. The state of relaxation is generally enjoyed by urban children (45%) and those aged 11-13 years (37.1%); the percentage of boys in this category is an interesting aspect (40.5%).

Conclusion: Dental anxiety is multifactorial and is far more complex than can be explained by a single contributing factor. The direct involvement of the child from the perspective of maintaining dental health, leads to the elimination of the state of fear and anxiety. Regular visits to the dental office, on the initiative of the child patient itself can reduce the anguish.
Inhibition of Haemoglobin Glycosylation, Glucose Uptake and In Vitro Antidiabetic Activities of Solvent Fractions from Daucus carota Seed
Authors: Tijjani Habibu , Imam Sadiq Adamu
Published: June 2021

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder which result from either absolute or relative insulin deficiency and may lead to dysfunction in some organ systems. Pancreatic α- glucosidase and α- amylase inhibition are an effective strategy to decrease levels of postprandial hyperglycemia through starch control breakdown. The aim of the study is to assess the in vitro antidiabetic activities of fractions from Daucus carota seed extract, a plant used traditionally for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The aqueous extract (AQE) of Daucus carota seed was partitioned in ethyl acetate (EAE), n – hexane (HEX) and diethyl ether (DEE) to obtain the various fractions. The AQE and EAE expressed significant α – amylase inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 637.0±18.6 μg/mL and 603.0±25.8 μg/mL respectively. AQE, EAE, HEX and DEE expressed α – glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50 value of 135.85±1.21, 147.59±0.57, 132.64±1.17, and 143.56±0.49 μg/mL respective compared with acarbose (ACA) with 5.42±0.20 μg/mL. Furthermore, DEE fraction expressed inhibitory effects on % glucose uptake in yeast cell comparable with metronidazole. All Daucus carota fractions expressed various inhibitory effects on haemoglobin glycosylation at a concentration of 200 – 1000 μg/mL. The results show that fractions from the aqueous seed extract of Daucus carota possess in vitro antidiabetic potentials with EAE and HEX fractions having most promising inhibitory activities against α-amylase and α-glucosidase respectively.
Can Corpus Consultation Compensate for the Lack of Knowledge in Legal Translation Training?
Authors: Giampieri Patrizia
Published: June 2021

It is generally assumed that a good knowledge of the legal field is a prerequisite to deliver legal translations. This paper will challenge this assumption by presenting a case study with third-year bachelor’s students who participated in a translation project. The students, enrolled in a course in translation practice, were trained in corpus consultation at the beginning of the academic year. Nearly at the end, they translated an extract of a supply contract without being trained in the legal field. They consulted a pre-compiled offline corpus and online bilingual dictionaries. The paper findings highlight that knowledge of the legal field would have certainly helped the students make more informed decisions and avoid some mistranslations. However, the major shortcomings were actually due to ineffective corpus or dictionary consultation. In particular, formulaic expressions and collocations were neglected. In light of the paper findings, it can be speculated that in translation training, effective corpus consultation may help users deliver high-quality legal translations. It also seemed that thorough knowledge of the legal field is not a prerequisite, at least as far as short texts are concerned.
Language- And Legal Culture Peculiarities in Selected Swiss Constitutional Acts Including a Translational Perspective
Authors: Iluk Łukasz
Published: June 2021

The subject of the analysis is linguaculture expressing linguistic and cultural differences occurring in every language of law. They relate to vocabulary and editing principles of law acts. It seems that preserving such differences in the target translation makes it possible to reveal specific legislation trends of a given country, which express political motivation. Their preservation in the translated text requires good knowledge of law and in-depth comparative analysis. The focus of the analysis in this text is on the expression of gender in the law texts and specifically, on the translation of feminatives and legal names relevant for cultural dimension of a given law system.
Comparing written Indian Englishes with the newCorpus of Regional Indian Newspaper Englishes(CORINNE)
Authors: Yurchenko Asya , Leuckert Sven , Lange Claudia
Published: June 2021

This article introduces the newCorpus of Regional Indian Newspaper Englishes(CORINNE). The current version of CORINNE contains news and other text types from regional Indian newspapers published between 2015 and 2020, covering 13 states and regions so far. The corpus complements previous corpora, such as the Indian component of theInternational Corpus of English(ICE) as well as the Indian section of theSouth Asian Varieties of English(SAVE) corpus, by giving researchers the opportunity to analyse and compare regional (written) Englishes in India.

In the first sections of the paper we discuss the rationale for creating CORINNE as well as the development of the corpus. We stress the potential of CORINNE and go into detail about selection criteria for the inclusion of newspapers as well as corpus compilation and the current word count. In order to show the potential of the corpus, the paper presents a case study of ‘intrusiveas’, a syntactic feature that has made its way into formal registers of Indian English. Based on two subcorpora covering newspapers from Tamil Nadu and Uttarakhand, we compare frequencies and usage patterns ofcall (as)andterm (as). The case study lends further weight to the hypothesis that the presence or absence of a quotative in the majority language spoken in an Indian state has an impact on the frequency of ‘intrusiveas’. Finally, we foreshadow the next steps in the development of CORINNE as well as potential studies that can be carried out using the corpus.