bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Water hammer stress on water transmission line
Authors: Hariri Asli Kaveh , Falahatkar Shahram , Dayemi Gorabi Maryam
Published: June 2024

The present work investigated the pressure changes caused by water hammer through the georeferenced model to investigate the stress impact on water transmission lines. The results of the hydraulic analysis of the research showed that the sudden stop of the pumps in the transmission line 1,600 m in length caused negative pressures of −5 to −10 (bar). In pressure values close to −10 (bar), the water vaporization, cavitation, and separation of the column happened. The maximum pressure in the transmission line was calculated to be 43 (mH2O) and the minimum pressure in the transmission line was 10 (mH2O). The relative vacuum mentioned in the transmission line as a destructive factor caused two columns of steam and water to collide. The collision of two columns caused a great pressure that had the potential to destroy the transmission line. The research results showed that the maximum amount of elastic strain was equal to 16772E-7 mm/m. The equivalent stress beneath the pipe Q4 varied from 0.000 to 7E-2 m and the maximum stress value was 3.3535E7 (Pascal). The maximum amount of deformation or change in the shape and size of the pipe due to the applied stress (0.000–7E-2 m) was equivalent to 1.9287E5 m.
Development of the Rodsim numerical simulator for the study of a sucker rod pump, comparing the Gibbs (1963) and Lea (1990) models
Authors: Cyrilo de Oliveira Fernando , Romero Oldrich Joel
Published: June 2024

It is of great importance to be fully cognizant of the sucker rod pump system in order to make reliable production forecasts and to evaluate potential strategies for optimizing production processes. A frequently employed methodology in such circumstances is numerical simulation. A numerical sucker road pump simulator can provide valuable insights into production performance by generating dynamometric charts that represent the efficiency of this activity. Since the rod column behaves like a thin rod, it is possible to represent the mathematical model by a one-dimensional wave equation that describes the forces acting on this rod column. Lea (1990), proposing an improvement of the work of Gibbs (1963), considers the effects of the viscosity of the fluid produced in a vertical well without heat exchange, the piston diameter, the production column and the rods to obtain the damping factor, thus being more complete and producing a more accurate result in the dynamometric charts. Both models are implemented and discussed herein.
The equations are discretized and solved in the Matlab® environment. The code includes a graphical user interface that generates the internal Rodsim application. The application is used to solve a typical case of a sucker rod pump and to obtain the surface and downhole dynamometric plots for certain scenarios.
Rede doméstica em corrente contínua alimentada por energia fotovoltaica
Authors: Pereira Renato Tadeu , Monteiro Luiz Jerônimo Melo , Reis Mari Aurora Favero , Ferreira Fernanda Cristina Silva
Published: June 2024

Nos dias atuais, há uma crescente busca por meios de produção de energia que sejam mais eficientes e menos poluentes. Levando em conta esta visão que está em evidência no mercado, a aposta que mais cresceu nos últimos anos foi a energia solar fotovoltaica. Por ser uma energia limpa e sustentável, é preciso dar ênfase em estudos para aprimorar esta fonte. O projeto se propõe a dimensionar uma rede doméstica de corrente contínua, utilizando como unidade geradora um sistema fotovoltaico Off-Grid. Dentre as vantagens tem-se: a diminuição de perdas de energia em forma de calor durante o processo de conversão para corrente alternada; eliminação da exposição de pessoas a tensões perigosas, evitando assim possíveis acidentes; além de funcionar como um sistema de nobreak para os aparelhos. A implantação do sistema contempla circuitos de iluminação e sistema de vídeo monitoramento alimentados em 12 volts e tomadas USB (Universal Serial Bus) de 5 volts, ambas de corrente contínua. Foi realizado o dimensionamento dos componentes de geração, distribuição e consumo, além de testar uma parte do projeto em um protótipo montado de maneira proporcional. Mediante os estudos e os testes realizados o sistema se mostrou viável perante os objetivos iniciais, apresentando alguns fatores negativos em comparação com a rede convencional. No entanto pode-se dizer que tem condições de ser implantado, pois apresentou um custo-benefício positivo.
Programa de Vigilância da Qualidade da Água para Consumo Humano (VIGIAGUA): monitoramento do parâmetro fluoreto em um município da Região Sul do Brasil
Authors: Hevelyn Xavier Luciano  , Guilherme Gomes Pereira Lopes  , Giovana Daniela Pecharki  , Marilisa Carneiro Leão Gabardo  , Rafael Gomes Ditterich
Published: June 2024

Analisar os resultados das amostras do Programa de Vigilância da Qualidade da Água para o Consumo Humano (VIGIAGUA) para o parâmetro fluoreto, na água de abastecimento público na cidade de Araucária, PR, Brasil. Material e métodos: Os resultados das 95 amostras do ano de 2018 foram disponibilizados pela Vigilância Ambiental do estado do Paraná, as quais foram classificadas por dois critérios: I [4] e II [10]. Após a classificação, realizou-se a análise descritiva, com expressão de valores mínimo, máximo, média e desvio-padrão para cada mês. Resultados: A maior concentração de fluoreto encontrada foi de 1,57 mg F/L; a menor, 0 mg F/L. Dentre os critérios adotados para classificação, encontraram-se níveis dentro da normalidade em 27,4% das amostras para o critério I e, para o critério II, 41% das amostras possuíam benefício máximo na prevenção a cárie, com risco baixo a fluorose dentária. Conclusão: Destaca-se a importância do monitoramento da concentração de fluoreto na água de abastecimento público no referido município, para que seu benefício de proteção a cárie se mantenha constante e haja um risco baixo de fluorose.
Atendimento odontológico às pessoas com deficiência no SUS: avaliação da Região Sul do Brasil entre 2010 e 2022
Authors: Allan Abuabara  , Christine Böhm da Costa  , Felipe da Silva Peralta  , Flares Baratto Filho
Published: June 2024

O cuidado odontológico à pessoa com deficiência evoluiu muito nos últimos anos no Brasil, mas ainda está longe de um patamar ideal. Barreiras como manejo, acessibilidade, comorbidades, comportamentais, de comunicação, de educação e financeiras precisam ser superadas. Objetivo: Analisar a quantidade de atendimentos odontológicos hospitalares no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) em pacientes com necessidades especiais realizados nas macrorregiões de Santa Catarina e demais estados da Região Sul, considerando os períodos pré e pós-pandemia de covid-19. Material e métodos: Trata-se de estudo quantitativo, exploratório, descritivo e retrospectivo realizado em fevereiro de 2023, por meio da base de dados TABNET do DATASUS, com informações referentes à assistência à saúde: total de procedimentos, local de internação e ano do atendimento, Sistema de Informações Hospitalares (SIH) e Dados Consolidados das Autorizações de Internações Hospitalares (AIH), período 2019 a 2022. Resultados: Os resultados mostraram que em Santa Catarina, no período correspondente à pandemia de covid-19 (2020/21), ocorreu redução de aproximadamente 50% no índice de internações para realização de tratamento odontológico hospitalar. Na macrorregião Grande Oeste houve a maior redução entre todas as macrorregiões catarinenses. A macrorregião com menor impacto na redução do número de atendimentos foi a Foz do Rio Itajaí. Paraná (PR) e Rio Grande do Sul (RS) também apresentaram comportamento semelhante. Após o período de pandemia, observou[1]se retomada dos atendimentos nos três estados da Região Sul, com destaque para Santa Catarina, que alcançou e ultrapassou os níveis pré-pandemia, duplicando o número de atendimentos. Conclusão: A pandemia de covid-19 impactou negativamente no atendimento odontológico no âmbito hospitalar, com grande redução nos anos de 2020 e 2021. Em 2022 houve retomada dos atendimentos. Permanecem desigualdades regionais na realização do procedimento. Observou-se incentivo do estado de Santa Catarina por meio de políticas públicas e campanha de cirurgias eletivas, com vistas a ampliar a oferta de atendimento para tal público.
Does cervical root canal preparation influence the quality of endodontic treatment? A systematic review
Authors: Bruna dos Santos Borges  , Bruna Neves Portugal  , Francisco Montagner  , Simone Bonato Luisi  , Lucas Siqueira Pinheiro  , Tiago André Fontoura de Melo
Published: June 2024

Cervical preparation aims to remove dentin prominences located in the cervical region of the root canal. However, there is no consensus in the literature regarding the importance of this operative maneuver in endodontic treatment. The objective of this systematic review was to answer the question: Does cervical root canal preparation influence the quality of endodontic treatment? Material and methods: Electronic databases (Medline/PubMed, Lilacs, Scopus, Embase, Scientific Electronic Library Online – SciELO, and Central Register of Controlled Trials – Central) were searched until July 2023, without language or year restriction. Grey literature was also searched through Google scholar and OpenGrey repository. Only in vitro studies were included that evaluated the influence of cervical preparation on endodontic treatment. Relevant results were summarized and evaluated. The risk of bias was also assessed in the studies. Results: Initial screening of databases resulted in 235 studies, of which 80 were excluded for being duplicates. Of 155 eligible papers, twenty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria and were selected for full-text reading. Most of studies included in this review were qualified with low risk of bias. Five studies showed moderate risk. Conclusion: Based on the analyzed studies, it is possible to conclude that performing the cervical preparation facilitates the execution of the steps of odontometry and mechanical chemical preparation in clinical practice.
Alteração no trabeculado ósseo visualizado na radiografia panorâmica de pacientes com bruxismo: relato de caso clínico
Authors: Gabriela Zenkevicz  , Luísa Helena Batista  , Maria Isabel Vanelli  , Luciano Francio  , Cristiano Miranda de Araujo  , Ângela Graciela Deliga Schroder  , Bianca Lopes Cavalcante-Leão
Published: June 2024

O bruxismo é uma desordem que vem acometendo cada vez mais a população. Trata-se de uma ação repetida do músculo da mandíbula, provocando apertamento ou ranger dos dentes. Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão de literatura com relato de caso e aplicar os índices radiomorfométricos em radiografia panorâmica de paciente com bruxismo, buscando possíveis alterações no trabeculado ósseo da mandíbula. Material e métodos: Um índice radiomorfométrico baseado nos valores do osso cortical foi aplicado em duas radiografias panorâmicas de um paciente com bruxismo, com intervalo de 35 meses. O índice cortical mandibular foi um dos índices aplicados, sendo classificados em C1, C2 e C3. Resultados: Os índices MCI e C1 não apresentaram alterações, tanto na imagem radiográfica de 2018 quanto na de 2021. Os demais índices mantiveram mensurações iguais ou evidenciaram uma variação numérica de 0,1. Conclusão: Estudos futuros são necessários para demonstrar de forma mais consistente a relação do bruxismo e possíveis alterações no trabeculado ósseo da mandíbula, encontradas em radiografias panorâmicas.
Abertura de Resumos de TCCs
Authors: Suzane da Silva
Published: June 2024

Abertura de TCCs
Iron Overload-induced Ferroptosis as a Target for Protection against Obliterative Bronchiolitis after Orthotopic Tracheal Transplantation in Mice
Authors: You Yun , Wang Guoliang , Cui Qi , Sun Xiangfu , Wan Li , Sun Quanchao
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

The major complication of Obliterative Bronchiolitis (OB) is
characterized by epithelial cell loss, fibrosis, and luminal occlusion of the terminal
small airways, which limits the long-term survival of the recipient after lung
transplantation. However, the underlying mechanisms are still not fully clarified. This
research aims to investigate whether iron overload-induced ferroptosis is involved in
OB development and provide a new target for OB prevention.

Materials and Methods:

Allograft orthotopic tracheal transplantation in mice was
applied in our study. Ferrostatin-1 and deferoxamine were administrated to inhibit
ferroptosis and get rid of ferric iron, while iron dextran was used to induce an iron
overload condition in the recipient. The histological examination, luminal occlusion
rate, collagen deposition, iron level, ferroptosis marker (GPX4, PTGS2), and
mitochondrial morphological changes of the graft were evaluated in mice.

Results:

Our research indicated that ferroptosis and iron overload contribute to OB
development, while ferroptosis inhibition and iron chelator could reverse the changes.
Iron overload exacerbated OB development after orthotopic tracheal transplantation
via promoting ferroptosis.

Conclusion:

Overall, this research demonstrated that iron overload-induced
ferroptosis is involved in OB, which may be a potential therapeutic target for OB after
lung transplantation.
Breast Milk Stem Cells in the Treatment of Neonatal Diseases
Authors: He Lu , Sun Zhihong , Zhao Congcong , Sun Huiqing
Published: June 2024

Breast milk plays an important role in preventing and remission various acute and
chronic neonatal diseases. However, the mechanisms through which breast milk performs these effects
are still unclear. Recently, research has shown that breast milk contains previously undiscovered
cells, called breast milk stem cells (BMSCs), which have the potential for multiple differentiation.
These cells have been shown to be expressed in multiple organs and systems of infants after
ingestion. This study found that newborns who received BMSCs required a shorter treatment duration
and had a better prognosis than those who did not receive BMSCs. This suggests that BMSCs
may be able to treat a variety of neonatal diseases, and breast milk may play a role in preventing
and mitigating neonatal diseases through BMSCs. In this paper, we summarized the research
progress on BMSCs and their therapeutic effects on organs, the possible ways in which BMSCs
enter different organs and tissues of the human body, and detailed the types of diseases, modes of
action, and mechanisms that BMSCs may play a role in. We aim to pave the way for further clinical
and preclinical research on BMSCs, as well as the treatment of neonatal diseases with BMSCs,
to provide possible new therapeutic means for treating neonatal diseases and a variety of
other diseases.
Cognitive Alterations Associated with Remission and Alcohol Dependence Severity in Ethnically Diverse Patients of Siberia
Authors: Peshkovskaya Anastasia
Published: June 2024

Background

Impaired cognition in individuals with alcohol dependence may be associated with increased relapse risk. It has been recorded in more than half of patients during six months after treatment. In certain ethnic groups, for example, Tuvinians, the indigenous people of Siberia, relapses occur in extremely short periods of one to three months after treatment. An approach currently used to treat alcohol dependence may be less effective for these patients.

Objective

The study aimed to investigate cognitive sequelae in indigenous Tuvinian patients with alcohol dependence.

Methods

The sample included 166 patients, 74 of indigenous ethnicity (Tuvinians) and 92 non-indigenous white patients. Data on inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, attention, and working memory were collected from all the patients and processed using cluster analysis. The clustering data were then complemented by indicators of disorder dynamics, impulsivity, and emotion regulation.

Results

The clustering procedure found groups with severe cognitive sequelae. More than four-fold attention decreased in 43.5% of non-indigenous patients, and more impaired cognitive flexibility was reported in 60.8% of indigenous patients. Groups with severe cognitive sequelae had higher impulsivity, maladaptive emotion regulation, more hospitalizations, faster disease progression, and shorter remissions. The latter was significantly reduced to 90 days on average in the severe group of indigenous patients versus 135 days of remission in the non-indigenous severe group.

Conclusion

Results obtained may advance tailored intervention in alcohol-dependent patients of the indigenous Tuvinian ethnicity. While little is still known about the alcohol dependence course and its consequences in the indigenous Tuvinians of Siberia, this study contributes to the global mental health knowledge and data on alcohol abuse and dependence in indigenous communities.
Tata Kelola Digital Layanan Lalu Lintas Jalan Tol di Indonesia: Studi Aplikasi Travoy Jasa Marga
Authors: Setiawan Mohamad Agus , Hartoyo Hartoyo , Seminar Kudang Boro , Sartono Bagus , Fitriati Rachma
Published: June 2024

Transformasi digital telah mengubah pendekatan tata kelola menjadi tata kelola digital yang memainkan peran penting dalam meningkatkan kinerja dan kualitas layanan di berbagai sektor, termasuk industri jalan tol. Artikel ini mengeksplorasi implementasi tata kelola digital dalam layanan lalu lintas jalan tol di Indonesia. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, studi literatur, diskusi kelompok terpumpun, dan wawancara mendalam dengan waktu studi selama enam (6) bulan pada periode September 2023 sampai Februari 2024. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa pengguna jalan tol menghadapi berbagai permasalahan dalam layanan lalu lintas jalan tol di Indonesia, seperti kemacetan lalu lintas, tempat istirahat yang over kapasitas, permasalahan toilet berbau serta kurang air, kekurangan fasilitas stasiun pengisian bahan bakar umum (SPBU), dan kurangnya informasi tentang titik-titik macet serta alternatif rutenya. Sebagai sebuah BUMN yang bergerak di bidang pengusahaan jalan tol di Indonesia, PT. Jasa Marga (Persero) Tbk. meluncurkan aplikasi Travoy untuk memberikan solusi praktis bagi pengguna jalan tol untuk mendapatkan pelayanan informasi yang diperlukan. Hasil studi menegaskan pentingnya investasi berkelanjutan dalam teknologi digital dan pengolahan data yang efektif untuk memastikan kepuasan dan kenyamanan pengguna jalan tol di masa depan.
A Peaceful Rise: How China Sees its Global Role in 2024
Authors: Hasmath Reza
Published: June 2024

On March 21, 2024, Dr. Reza Hasmath presented, A Peaceful Rise: How China Sees its Global Role in 2024. The presentation was followed by a question-and- answer period with questions from the audience and CASIS Vancouver executives. The key points discussed were the views of the Chinese population regarding international actors, their positioning in relation to Chinese international cooperation, their understanding of these relationships with Canada, and how Canada can play an important role in binding China to the West.
 
Received: 03-29-2024
Revised: 04-04-2024
Assessing Algerian government support for sustainable development goals: A study from 2000 to 2022
Authors:   College of Sciences and Arts Al-Namas, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia, Abderzag Fouzi Tahar , Hamza Abderrezek ,   Department of Economics, College of Economic, Commercial, and Management Sciences, University Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi of Bordj Bou Arreridj, Bordj Bou Arreridj, Algeria, Chakroun Mohamed Amin ,   Department of Business Administration, College of Science and Arts Al-Namas, University of Bisha, Bisha, Saudi Arabia
Published: June 2024

The Algerian government has integrated the seventeen sustainable development goals (SDGs) into its development strategy beyond 2030, focusing on social policies like healthcare and education while investing in environmental enhancements and clean energy initiatives. This study evaluates the impact of government policies on achieving the SDGs in Algeria from 2000 to 2022. Utilizing the ARDL model, the research demonstrates that government support has a positive long-term effect on sustainable development indicators, with a coefficient of 1.14. Importantly, the model analysis did not identify any statistical anomalies. This assessment highlights the significant role of government support in advancing SDGs in Algeria and underscores the importance of continued policy commitment to drive progress in key areas such as healthcare, education, environmental sustainability, and clean energy.
Digital Lifestyle Interventions for Young People With Mental Illness: A Qualitative Study Among Mental Health Care Professionals
Authors: Sawyer Chelsea , Carney Rebekah , Hassan Lamiece , Bucci Sandra , Sainsbury John , Lovell Karina , Torous John , Firth Joseph
Published: June 2024

Background

Given the physical health disparities associated with mental illness, targeted lifestyle interventions are required to reduce the risk of cardiometabolic disease. Integrating physical health early in mental health treatment among young people is essential for preventing physical comorbidities, reducing health disparities, managing medication side effects, and improving overall health outcomes. Digital technology is increasingly used to promote fitness, lifestyle, and physical health among the general population. However, using these interventions to promote physical health within mental health care requires a nuanced understanding of the factors that affect their adoption and implementation.

Objective

Using a qualitative design, we explored the attitudes of mental health care professionals (MHCPs) toward digital technologies for physical health with the goal of illuminating the opportunities, development, and implementation of the effective use of digital tools for promoting healthier lifestyles in mental health care.

Methods

Semistructured interviews were conducted with MHCPs (N=13) using reflexive thematic analysis to explore their experiences and perspectives on using digital health to promote physical health in youth mental health care settings.

Results

Three overarching themes from the qualitative analysis are reported: (1) motivation will affect implementation, (2) patients’ readiness and capability, and (3) reallocation of staff roles and responsibilities. The subthemes within, and supporting quotes, are described.

Conclusions

The use of digital means presents many opportunities for improving the provision of physical health interventions in mental health care settings. However, given the limited experience of many MHCPs with these technologies, formal training and additional support may improve the likelihood of implementation. Factors such as patient symptomatology, safety, and access to technology, as well as the readiness, acceptability, and capability of both MHCPs and patients to engage with digital tools, must also be considered. In addition, the potential benefits of data integration must be carefully weighed against the associated risks.
Stroke Survivors’ Interaction With Hand Rehabilitation Devices: Observational Study
Authors: Wodu Chioma Obinuchi , Sweeney Gillian , Slachetka Milena , Kerr Andrew
Published: June 2024

Background

The hand is crucial for carrying out activities of daily living as well as social interaction. Functional use of the upper limb is affected in up to 55% to 75% of stroke survivors 3 to 6 months after stroke. Rehabilitation can help restore function, and several rehabilitation devices have been designed to improve hand function. However, access to these devices is compromised in people with more severe loss of function.

Objective

In this study, we aimed to observe stroke survivors with poor hand function interacting with a range of commonly used hand rehabilitation devices.

Methods

Participants were engaged in an 8-week rehabilitation intervention at a technology-enriched rehabilitation gym. The participants spent 50-60 minutes of the 2-hour session in the upper limb section at least twice a week. Each participant communicated their rehabilitation goals, and an Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) was used to measure and categorize hand function as poor (scores of 0-9), moderate (scores of 10-56), or good (score of 57). Participants were observed during their interactions with 3 hand-based rehabilitation devices that focused on hand rehabilitation: the GripAble, NeuroBall, and Semi-Circular Peg Board. Observations of device interactions were recorded for each session.

Results

A total of 29 participants were included in this study, of whom 10 (34%) had poor hand function, 17 (59%) had moderate hand function, and 2 (7%) had good hand function. There were no differences in the age and years after stroke among participants with poor hand function and those with moderate (P=.06 and P=.09, respectively) and good (P=.37 and P=.99, respectively) hand function. Regarding the ability of the 10 participants with poor hand function to interact with the 3 hand-based rehabilitation devices, 2 (20%) participants with an ARAT score greater than 0 were able to interact with the devices, whereas the other 8 (80%) who had an ARAT score of 0 could not. Their inability to interact with these devices was clinically examined, and the reason was determined to be a result of either the presence of (1) muscle tone or stiffness or (2) muscle weakness.

Conclusions

Not all stroke survivors with impairments in their hands can make use of currently available rehabilitation technologies. Those with an ARAT score of 0 cannot actively interact with hand rehabilitation devices, as they cannot carry out the hand movement necessary for such interaction. The design of devices for hand rehabilitation should consider the accessibility needs of those with poor hand function.
Investigating Acoustic and Psycholinguistic Predictors of Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: Modeling Study
Authors: Badal Varsha D , Reinen Jenna M , Twamley Elizabeth W , Lee Ellen E , Fellows Robert P , Bilal Erhan , Depp Colin A
Published: June 2024

Background

About one-third of older adults aged 65 years and older often have mild cognitive impairment or dementia. Acoustic and psycho-linguistic features derived from conversation may be of great diagnostic value because speech involves verbal memory and cognitive and neuromuscular processes. The relative decline in these processes, however, may not be linear and remains understudied.

Objective

This study aims to establish associations between cognitive abilities and various attributes of speech and natural language production. To date, the majority of research has been cross-sectional, relying mostly on data from structured interactions and restricted to textual versus acoustic analyses.

Methods

In a sample of 71 older (mean age 83.3, SD 7.0 years) community-dwelling adults who completed qualitative interviews and cognitive testing, we investigated the performance of both acoustic and psycholinguistic features associated with cognitive deficits contemporaneously and at a 1-2 years follow up (mean follow-up time 512.3, SD 84.5 days).

Results

Combined acoustic and psycholinguistic features achieved high performance (F1-scores 0.73-0.86) and sensitivity (up to 0.90) in estimating cognitive deficits across multiple domains. Performance remained high when acoustic and psycholinguistic features were used to predict follow-up cognitive performance. The psycholinguistic features that were most successful at classifying high cognitive impairment reflected vocabulary richness, the quantity of speech produced, and the fragmentation of speech, whereas the analogous top-ranked acoustic features reflected breathing and nonverbal vocalizations such as giggles or laughter.

Conclusions

These results suggest that both acoustic and psycholinguistic features extracted from qualitative interviews may be reliable markers of cognitive deficits in late life.
PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND EFFECTIVENESS OF STINGLESS BEES PROPOLIS (GENIOTRIGONA THORACICA) ON MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE-8 LEVELS IN PERIODONTAL THERAPY
Authors: WULANDARI PITU , ZULHENDRI FELIX , HANAFIAH OLIVIA AVRIYANTI , ERVINA IRMA , NURDIANA  , MAHARANI JULIA , SIMANUNGKALIT JAYNE MARY , AULINA DATIN ZAHIRA , LESMANA RONNY
Published: June 2024

Objective: Propolis is a beehive-derived natural substance containing plant secondary metabolites and can potentially be used for periodontal therapy. This study aims to analyze the phytochemicals of Indonesian stingless bee propolis and its efficacy of propolis extract gel as an adjunctive periodontal therapy.
Methods: The qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis measured the total phenolic and flavonoid content. The gallic acid equivalent was used to measure phenolics, and the Quercetin equivalent was used to measure the flavonoids of the extract. The Kirby-Bauer method was used to analyze the antimicrobial activity. The study used periodontitis-induced Wistar rats and were treated by applying propolis gel with concentrations of 50%, 60%, and 70%. Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) level was measured with the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).
Results: The qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of the propolis extract detected the presence of phenol, flavonoid, alkaloid, triterpenoid, saponins, glycosides, and tannins. The Kirby-Bauer method showed that propolis gel with a concentration of 50%, 60%, and 70% had a significant difference in inhibition between treatment groups against Porphyromonas gingivalis (p<0.05). The 70% propolis gel appeared effective in inducing the expression of MMP-8 (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Propolis extract gel with 70% concentration could potentially be used as a supportive treatment for periodontal therapy.
COMBINED CHIP APPLICATION'S EFFECT OF CLINICAL PARAMETERS AND TNF-α EXPRESSIONS
Authors: JASMANIAR  , NASUTION RINI OCTAVIA , ILYAS SYAFRUDDIN , SYAHPUTRA ARMIA , NASUTION INDRA
Published: June 2024

Objective: Scaling root planing is the main mechanical treatment to remove local deposits. Supportive local and systemic antimicrobial therapy is used to eliminate or reduce the number of pathogenic bacteria. The chip application of the combination of snakehead fish extract and betel leaf can change the clinical parameters for the better and increase the expression of TNF-α as a pro-inflammatory. To see the effect of the application of a chip combination of snakehead fish extract and betel leaf in male Wistar rats induced by periodontitis as a support for initial therapy on clinical parameters and expression of TNF-α.
Methods: Laboratory experimental study with a posttest control group design in which 24 male Wistar rats induced periodontitis were in four treatment groups (2.5%, 5%, 10% snakehead fish extract and placebo). Examination of clinical parameters and expression of TNF-α was carried out on day 0, day 3 and day 7. Data were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney test.
Results: The results showed that the clinical parameters; gingival index, pocket depth and attachment level looked better on the 7th day after treatment with statistically significant results (p≤0.05) and the highest anti-inflammatory TNF-α expression occurred at a concentration of 5%.
Conclusion: The application of a chip combination of snakehead fish extract and betel leaf as a support for initial therapy is effective in reducing the gingival index pocket depth and increasing the level of attachment, which is statistically significant, but there is no significant difference in TNF-α expression.
EFFECTIVENESS OF CHITOSAN-LOADED TETRACYCLINE IN PERIODONTITIS INDUCED RATS
Authors: ASTUTI WINDA DWI , ERVINA IRMA , WILSON  , AMALIA MARTINA , SYAHPUTRA ARMIA , NASUTION RINI OCTAVIA , AGUSNAR HARRY , ILYAS SYAFRUDDIN
Published: June 2024

Objective: The primary treatments for periodontal disease are scaling and Root Surface Debridement (SRSD), which involves eliminating bacteria plaque and achieving a smooth root surface area. Tetracycline helps increase attachment and enhances the regeneration of alveolar bone and tissue. Chitosan is an adequate system for local drug preparation in periodontal pockets. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of chitosan tetracycline hydrogel in pocket depth and collagen density in periodontal ligaments in animal models.
Methods: Three groups of Wistar rats were categorized. The first group treatment was SRSD with tetracycline 0.7% based chitosan hydrogel for seven days; the second group was SRSD with an application of tetracycline 0.7% based chitosan hydrogel on the first day, and the third group treatment was SRSD only. After treatment, pocket depth was evaluated at the baseline and on the 14th day, along with the examination of collagen tissue density in the periodontal ligament, which appeared as blue fibers with Masson’s trichrome staining, was seen and compared to other groups.
Results: The most significant change in the pocket depth was observed in this study, along with improved collagen tissue density, was found in the group of SRSD with an application of tetracycline 0.7% based chitosan hydrogel for seven days, and this result was statistically significant (p<0.05) compared to other groups.
Conclusion: Tetracycline 0.7% based chitosan hydrogel for seven days shows a better result in decreasing pocket depth and increasing collagen tissue density in periodontal ligaments.
EFFECT OF GARGLING GREEN COCONUT WATER (COCOS NUCIFERA LINN VAR. VIRIDIS) ON SALIVARY FLOW RATE IN 12-TO 13 Y OLDS CHILDREN IN MEDAN DELI SUB-DISTRICT
Authors: SILABAN LASMAWATI SEPTANIA , BACHTIAR ZULFI AMALIA , HARAHAP AMI ANGELA , ADIANA IKA DEVI
Published: June 2024

Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of gargling green coconut water (Cocos nucifera Linn Var. Viridis) on salivary flow rate in children aged 12-to 13 y olds in Medan Deli Sub-district.
Methods: This study was conducted on 30 children with a high risk of caries aged 12-to 13 y olds. Saliva was collected before and after gargling using spitting method for 5 min.
Results: It was found that the average salivary flow rate before gargling green coconut water was 0.47±0.22 ml/min and after gargling was 0.65±0.12 ml/min. Paired T-test results showed a significant increase in salivary flow rate before and after gargling green coconut water (p = 0.008). Unpaired T-test results showed that there was no significant difference in the mean difference in salivary flow rate between children aged 12 y and 13 y after gargling green coconut water (p = 1.000). Unpaired T-test results showed no significant difference in the mean difference in salivary flow rate between boys and girls after gargling green coconut water (p = 0.486).
Conclusion: It was concluded that green coconut water can significantly increase salivary flow rate. Age and gender have no significant effect on salivary flow rate.
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTIVENESS OF ALOE VERA EXTRACT GEL BASED ON THE NUMBER OF MACROPHAGES IN POST TOOTH EXTRACTION SOCKET WOUND OF WISTAR WHITE RATS
Authors: SYAFLIDA RAHMI , CLAUDIA DITA , BREGITA KESIA , GRACE S. M , GRAHINI ARUM , SHELLA AL
Published: June 2024

Objective: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of anti-inflammatory gel aloe vera extract (Aloe vera) with the concentration of 25%, 50%, 75% on the number of macrophage cells in the socket wound after tooth extraction in white wistar rats.
Methods: This research is a laboratory experimental research. The research design used was a simple post-test experimental design. Forty-six male wistar rats were divided into four groups, namely the group given 25%, 50% and 75% Aloe vera extract gel after extraction. On the rat tooth that had been extracted, 0.1 ml of Aloe vera gel was applied to cover the socket wound. Experimental animals were sacrificed after the first and third day of treatment. The sacrifice was made decapitation. After that, tissue sampling and staining were carried out and the number of macrophage cells counted in the smear was observed using a binocular microscope with 400x magnification to obtain a counting area. Data processing was carried out using the SPSS application.
Results: Normality test with Shapiro Wilk test followed by one way ANOVA and Post hoc LSD tests (p<0.05). Data analysis showed some significant differences in the number of macrophages on the first and third day’s socket wounds in the 25%, 50% and 75% Aloe vera extract gel groups.
Conclusion: The results of this research is the 75% Aloe vera extract gel group had more effective anti-inflammatory results against the number of macrophages than the control group and the other Aloe vera extract gel groups.
EXPLORING THE UNINTENDED CONSEQUENCES OF MISUSE OF WEGOVY AND OZEMPIC IN WEIGHT MANAGEMENT: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Authors: KUTE SARTHAK A. , CHOTHAVE MADHURA S. , ROTE PRAJAKTA B. , KAPADNIS ANUPAMA A. , KALE VAISHNAVI V.
Published: June 2024

In recent years, Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists have emerged as promising options for weight management, offering not only glycemic control benefits but also significant reductions in body weight. Among these agents, Wegovy (semaglutide) and Ozempic (semaglutide) have gained attention for their efficacy in promoting weight loss, even in individuals without diabetes. However, the off-label use of these medications for weight management raises several questions and concerns regarding their safety, efficacy, and long-term effects. This comprehensive review aims to explore the complexities of GLP-1 agonists in weight management, focusing on their mechanism of action, clinical evidence, safety profile, dosing considerations, potential interactions, and future directions.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND REGULATORY COMPLIANCE: A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH IN MANAGING INSTITUTIONAL PHARMACEUTICAL WASTE
Authors: GUPTA SWETA , DESAI SONAL
Published: June 2024

Apart from the pharmaceutical industries, pharmaceutical institutes are also producing the various types of waste which is a complex issue and that raises several challenges to environmental sustainability as well as public health. Waste produced by pharmaceutical institutes includes chemicals, reagents, biological waste, papers, office supplies and electronic waste, etc. Key topics include the identification and classification of pharmaceutical waste which have potential harm to the ecosystem. Pharmaceutical waste can reach the environment through excretion and improper disposal methods which leads the water contamination, soil pollution and air emission. Surrounding environment directly affect the living things who suffers from infections and diseases from pharmaceutical waste materials. Regulatory frameworks play an important part in defining waste management protocols and proper waste depositories. Compliance with environmental laws and regulations pertaining to pharmaceutical waste disposal is an essential part of pharmacy management. The cost for regulatory compliance in the form of charges are paid by pharmaceutical institutes to comply various laws, rules and standards set by government agencies for waste management. If any institute are fails to comply with the standards of waste management, they have to pay penalties and fines for their improper handling of guidelines. The paper addresses advancements in waste treatment technologies, exploring innovative approaches like autoclaving, microwaving, plasma pyrolysis, incineration and chemical treatments. Understanding of the proper storage and disposal of garbage to prevent contamination and infection.
REGULATORY PERSPECTIVE FOR GENE THERAPY PRODUCTS IN THE USA, EU AND JAPAN AND FUTURE ASPECTS
Authors: P. K. BALASUBRAMANYA , MISHRA SANGITA , VENKATESH M. P.
Published: June 2024

Gene Therapy Products (GTPs) hold immense promise in revolutionizing medical treatments by altering genetic expressions to address various diseases. This study gives a summary of gene therapy products and their prospective uses, their historical development and several treatment options, as an in-depth exploration of the regulatory considerations for GTPs in the United States of America (USA), European Union (EU), and Japan, along with insights into future aspects of this field. A comprehensive discussion follows detailing the regulatory landscape and approval pathways in the USA, EU, and Japan. Programs that are exclusive to each area, such as PRIME (Priority Medicines) in the EU, USA's RMAT (Regenerative Medicines Advanced Therapy) designation and the Sakigake system in Japan are examined. Milestone meetings, approval requirements, and specific regulatory guidelines for GTPs in each region are also thoroughly covered. A list of approved GTPs and a glimpse into the future of the field. Anticipated trends include increasing investments, challenges related to production costs, expansion of manufacturing capabilities, and regulatory updates. The various regulatory strategies in each area and their efforts to balance patient access and safety will have a big impact on GTPs marketed in the future. Japan is well-positioned to maintain it’s as a global leader in regenerative medicine and cell treatments because of its favourable regulatory environment and government backing.
ADVANCES IN COCRYSTALS OF ANTICANCER AGENTS: FORMULATION STRATEGIES AND THERAPEUTIC IMPLICATIONS
Authors: SINGH APARNA , JAISWAL VISHAKHA , BISHT SHRADHA
Published: June 2024

Cancer remains one of the most pressing health concerns worldwide, driving continuous efforts in pharmaceutical research to develop more effective treatments. In the ever-evolving landscape of cancer therapy, cocrystals stand as promising contenders, offering enhanced solubility, stability, and bioavailability to traditional anticancer agents. Co-crystallization, a strategy emerging at the nexus of pharmaceutical and crystal engineering. From the fundamental principles of cocrystal engineering to advanced spectroscopic and crystallographic methodologies, each aspect is meticulously dissected to unveil the transformative potential of cocrystals in oncology. The review elucidates the transformative potential of cocrystals in oncology, highlighting their capacity to revolutionize drug delivery and efficacy. Recent advancements in the field are comprehensively examined, showcasing the promising role of anticancer cocrystals in paving the way for novel therapeutic strategies and improved patient outcomes. Cocrystals represent a promising avenue in cancer therapy, offering significant enhancements to traditional anticancer agents. Through a comprehensive exploration of recent advancements, this article navigates the complex terrain of anticancer cocrystals, drug-drug cocrystals, paving the way for novel therapeutic strategies and improved patient outcomes.
Cancer: A review
Authors: Singh Harsimran , Kumar Rajesh , Singh Ajeet Pal , Malhotra Meenakshi , Rani Ritu , Singh Amar Pal
Published: June 2024

Cancer remains one of the most formidable challenges in modern medicine, posing significant health burdens globally. In recent years, extensive research efforts have aimed at understanding the intricate mechanisms underlying cancer development, progression, and treatment. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in cancer research across various domains. The elucidation of genetic and molecular alterations driving oncogenesis has revolutionized our understanding of cancer biology. Key discoveries in genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics have unveiled the heterogeneous nature of tumors, paving the way for personalized treatment approaches. Moreover, advancements in high-throughput sequencing technologies have facilitated the identification of novel cancer biomarkers with diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications. The tumor microenvironment (TME) has emerged as a critical determinant of cancer progression and therapy response. Research focusing on the dynamic interactions between cancer cells, immune cells, and stromal components within the TME has led to the development of immunotherapeutic strategies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cell therapies, which have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in various cancer types. In addition to targeted therapies and immunotherapies, the advent of precision medicine has transformed cancer treatment paradigms. Molecular profiling of tumors enables clinicians to match patients with specific targeted therapies, optimizing therapeutic outcomes while minimizing adverse effects. Furthermore, the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms in cancer research has facilitated the prediction of treatment responses and identification of novel therapeutic targets.
Semi-Auto Cupcake Master: Boosting Baking Efficiency and Quality
Authors: Jadhav Prof. Nishigandha Patel Gajanan
Published: June 2024

Abstract: This project introduces an innovative cupcake baking system that merges simple technology with traditional methods to streamline and enhance production. The system features precise conveyor control, automated baking, and intelligent monitoring, catering to both amateur and professional bakers. The project begins with an extensive analysis of current cupcake baking practices, identifying cost, efficiency, and usability challenges. The design phase integrates key components such as a programmable chain conveyor with heating coils, a batter dispensing mechanism, and a user-friendly monitoring and control interface. Custom-designed components were assembled during the fabrication process, using materials that meet safety and functionality standards. Micro-controllers ensure precise movement of cupcakes into and out of the baking station, achieving uniformly baked results. The batter dispensing mechanism is optimized for control and minimal waste, while safety features prevent overheating and over-dispensing, ensuring a secure baking environment. Performance evaluation through tests and trials showed significant improvements in cupcake uniformity, time efficiency, and user convenience compared to traditional methods. In conclusion, this project successfully demonstrates an advanced cupcake baking system that addresses key challenges in the baking process. By integrating technology, the system enhances cupcake quality and consistency, offering a cost-effective solution for bakers of all skill levels and paving the way for future advancements in baking technology
Object Scanner for 3D Reconstruction
Authors: Gaikwad Prof. Jitendra
Published: June 2024

Abstract: In today's dynamic market landscape, the demand for precise 3D reconstruction methods is soaring across industries like architecture, entertainment, and manufacturing. Object scanning technologies offer a pivotal solution, providing detailed digital representations of real-world objects. With benefits ranging from accelerated product development cycles to enhanced cultural heritage preservation and the compact design of scanning systems, these advancements promise to revolutionize workflows, streamline processes, and drive innovation in an array of sectors, all while offering the added benefit of portability for on-the-go applications.
Predictive Analytics in Healthcare
Authors: Ahmad Ayas
Published: June 2024

Abstract: This paper delves into the core algorithms and techniques employed in healthcare predictive analytics, including machine learning, statistical modeling, and data mining. We explore the multifaceted applications of this technology, encompassing improved patient stratification for risk assessment, targeted interventions for disease prevention, and optimized resource allocation for healthcare systems. However, the implementation of predictive analytics necessitates careful consideration of ethical issues surrounding data privacy and potential biases within algorithms. Regulatory frameworks may also require adaptation to ensure responsible use of this technology, this research emphasizes the transformative potential of predictive analytics in healthcare, paving the way for a future of proactive medicine and personalized care.