bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
21st Century Scenario Forcing Increases More for CMIP6 Than CMIP5 Models
Authors: Fredriksen Hege‐Beate , Smith Christopher J. , Modak Angshuman , Rugenstein Maria
Published: March 2023

Although the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 6 (CMIP6) protocol provides an experiment to estimate effective radiative forcing (ERF), it is only quantified for few models. We present new estimates of ERF for models participating in CMIP6 by applying the method developed in Fredriksen et al. (2021, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JD034145), and validate our approach with available fixed‐SST forcing estimates. We estimate ERF for experiments with abrupt changes of CO2, 1% increase of CO2, historical forcings, and future scenarios, and demonstrate that CMIP6 ERF is lower than CMIP5 ERF at the end of the historical period, but grows faster than CMIP5 in the future scenarios, ending up at higher levels than CMIP5 at the end of the 21st century. The simulated radiative efficiency of CO2 has not changed much, suggesting that the larger future increase in CO2 concentrations in CMIP6 compared to CMIP5 is important for explaining the forcing difference.
Fiber-based quantum-dot pulse oximetry for wearable health monitoring with high wavelength selectivity and photoplethysmogram sensitivity
Authors: Lee Ho Seung , Noh Byeongju , Kong Seong Uk , Hwang Yong Ha , Cho Ha-Eun , Jeon Yongmin , Choi Kyung Cheol
Published: March 2023

Increasing demand for real-time healthcare monitoring is leading to advances in thin and flexible optoelectronic device-based wearable pulse oximetry. Most previous studies have used OLEDs for this purpose, but did not consider the side effects of broad full-width half-maximum (FWHM) characteristics and single substrates. In this study, we performed SpO2 measurement using a fiber-based quantum-dot pulse oximetry (FQPO) system capable of mass production with a transferable encapsulation technique, and a narrow FWHM of about 30 nm. Based on analyses we determined that uniform angular narrow FWHM-based light sources are important for accurate SpO2 measurements through multi-layer structures and human skin tissues. The FQPO was shown to have improved photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal sensitivity with no waveguide-mode noise signal, as is typically generated when using a single substrate (30–50%). We successfully demonstrate improved SpO2 measurement accuracy as well as all-in-one clothing-type pulse oximetry with FQPO.
Sensory, structural breakdown, microstructure, salt release properties, and shelf life of salt-coated air-dried yellow alkaline noodles
Authors: Yeoh Shin-Yong , Tan Hui-Ling , Muhammad Lubowa , Tan Thuan-Chew , Murad Maizura , Mat Easa Azhar
Published: March 2023

Salt reduction in food has been employed to improve public health. The effects of salt coatings on sodium content, sensory properties, structural breakdown, microstructure, salt release properties, and shelf life of yellow alkaline noodles (YAN) were evaluated. 15 g/dL resistant starch HYLON™ VII (HC) or 5% (v/v) Semperfresh™ (SC) with 10, 20, and 30 g/dL sodium chloride (NaCl) were used. HC-Na30 and SC-Na30 had the highest sodium content and came closest to commercial YAN in taste and saltiness perception. Structural improvement was demonstrated with HC-Na10 and SC-Na10 as both noodles required maximum work to be broken down. Moreover, SEM micrographs of these noodles showed a more compact and dense appearance with increased continuity of the matrix and fewer voids and hollows. However, ruptured surfaces were observed in noodles coated with 20 and 30% salt. The enhanced salt release from the coatings was demonstrated in an in vivo analysis, with the released salt occurring rapidly from HC and SC coatings. HC-Na10 and SC-Na10 noodles had a shelf life of more than 8 days when stored at 4 °C, which is longer than HC-Na0 and SC-Na0 noodles. Storage at 4 °C decelerated the microbiological growth, changes in pH and CIE L* values in salt-coated noodles than storage at 25 °. Thus, HC-Na10 and SC-Na10 could be suitable formulations to replace commercial YAN.
Severity and geographical disparities of post-COVID-19 symptoms among the Vietnamese general population: a national evaluation
Authors: Tran Bach , Le Vu Minh Ngoc , Le Huong Thi , Nguyen Tu Huu , Boyer Laurent , Fond Guillaume , Auquier Pascal , Latkin Carl A. , Ho Roger C. M. , Ho Cyrus S. H. , Zhang Melvyn W. B.
Published: March 2023

Post-COVID-19 symptoms have become a significant global health concern. This study focused on assessing the prevalence, severity, and care preference of post-COVID-19 symptoms, as well as identifying determinants to inform evidence-based policy on post-COVID-19 in Vietnam. A national cross-sectional study was conducted in May 2022 among 12,361 recovered COVID-19 patients, providing the largest dataset on health status after COVID-19 in Vietnam. The study utilized ordered logistic, Poisson regression, Multilevel linear random-effects models, and Multilevel random effects ordered logistic model to identify factors associated with various aspects of post-COVID-19 conditions. Results showed that the average number of post-COVID-19 symptoms was approximately 3, with fatigue and headache being the most common symptoms. The number of post-COVID-19 symptoms varied by province, decreased with age, and was significantly correlated with the duration of infection. Age, infection period, underlying conditions, telehealth utilization, and geographical location were identified as significant determinants of post-COVID-19 symptoms. The study concluded that improving resource allocation and health-seeking behavior in underserved areas could help address differences in health outcomes and improve post-COVID-19 control in Vietnam.
Virulence analysis and antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from hospitalised patients in Poland
Authors: Kot Barbara , Piechota Małgorzata , Szweda Piotr , Mitrus Joanna , Wicha Jolanta , Grużewska Agata , Witeska Małgorzata
Published: March 2023

Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) is a nosocomial pathogen causing difficult-to-treat infections. The presence of virulence genes and antibiotic resistance of 109 KP isolates from hospitalized patients were investigated. Among them, 68.8% were multi-drug resistant (MDR) and 59.6% produced extended‐spectrum beta‐lactamases (ESBLs). Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) were produced by 22% of isolates (mainly from anus), including 16.5% of isolates producing New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM-1). The genes encoding adhesins (fimH—91.7%, mrkD—96.3%), enterobactin (entB—100%) and yersiniabactin (irp-1—88%) were frequently identified. The genes encoding salmochelin (iroD—9.2%, iroN—7.3%) and colibactin (clbA, clbB—0.9%) were identified rarely. Iron acquisition system-related kfu gene and wcaG gene involved in capsule production were identified in 6.4% and 11% of isolates, respectively. The rmpA gene associated with hypermucoviscosity was present in 6.4% of isolates. In 19.2% of isolates magA gene was detected, specific for K1 capsule serotype, while 22.9% of isolates showed K2 capsule serotype. The rmpA, iroD or iroN genes being diagnostic biomarkers for hypervirulent KP (hvKP) were detected in 16.5% of isolates. We found that 55.5% of hvKP were MDR and produced ESBLs, thus hospital KP isolates pose a serious threat to the healthcare system.
Blockchain enabled data security in vehicular networks
Authors: Sehar Naseem us , Khalid Osman , Khan Imran Ali , Rehman Faisal , Fayyaz Muhammad A. B. , Ansari Ali R. , Nawaz Raheel
Published: March 2023

Recently, researchers have applied blockchain technology in vehicular networks to take benefit of its security features, such as confidentiality, authenticity, immutability, integrity, and non-repudiation. The resource-intensive nature of the blockchain consensus algorithm makes it a challenge to integrate it with vehicular networks due to the time-sensitive message dissemination requirements. Moreover, most of the researchers have used the Proof-of-Work consensus algorithm, or its variant to add a block to a blockchain, which is a highly resource-intensive process with greater latency. In this paper, we propose a consensus algorithm for vehicular networks named as Vehicular network Based Consensus Algorithm (VBCA) to ensure data security across the network using blockchain that maintains a secured pool of confirmed messages exchanged in the network. The proposed scheme, based on a consortium blockchain, reduces average transaction latency, and increases the number of confirmed transactions in a decentralized manner, without compromising the integrity and security of data. The simulation results show improved performance in terms of confirmed transactions, transaction latency, number of blocks, and block creation time.
Catalytic response and molecular simulation studies in the development of synthetic routes in trimeric triaryl pyridinium type ionic liquids
Authors: Tamilarasan Ramalingam , Subramani Annadurai , Sasikumar G. , Ganapathi Pandurangan , Karthikeyan S. , Ponnusamy Sasikumar , Albukhaty Salim , Mohammed Mustafa K. A. , Al-aqbi Zaidon T. , Al-Doghachi Faris A. J. , Ahmed Duha S. , Taufiq-Yap Yun Hin
Published: March 2023

Under conventional and silica-supported Muffle furnace methods, water-soluble substituted trimeric triaryl pyridinium cations with various inorganic counter anions are synthesized. The solvent-free synthesis method is superior to the conventional method in terms of non-toxicity, quicker reaction times, ease of workup, and higher yields. Trimeric substituted pyridinium salts acted as excellent catalytic responses for the preparation of Gem-bisamide derivatives compared with available literature. To evaluate the molecular docking, benzyl/4-nitrobenzyl substituted triaryl pyridinium salt compounds with VEGFR-2 kinase were used with H-bonds, π–π stacking, salt bridges, and hydrophobic contacts. The results showed that the VEGFR-2 kinase protein had the most potent inhibitory activity. Intriguingly, the compound [NBTAPy]PF6- had a strongly binds to VEGFR-2 kinase and controlled its activity in cancer treatment and prevention.
Alterations of the thalamic nuclei volumes and intrinsic thalamic network in patients with restless legs syndrome
Authors: Park Kang Min , Kim Keun Tae , Lee Dong Ah , Cho Yong Won
Published: March 2023

We aimed to investigate the alterations of thalamic nuclei volumes and intrinsic thalamic network in patients with primary restless legs syndrome (RLS) compared to healthy controls. Seventy-one patients with primary RLS and 55 healthy controls were recruited. They underwent brain MRI using a three-tesla MRI scanner, including three-dimensional T1-weighted images. The intrinsic thalamic network was determined using graph theoretical analysis. The right and left whole thalamic volumes, and the right pulvinar inferior, left ventral posterolateral, left medial ventral, and left pulvinar inferior nuclei volumes in the patients with RLS were lower than those in healthy controls (0.433 vs. 0.447%, p = 0.034; 0.482 vs. 0.502%, p = 0.016; 0.013 vs. 0.015%, p = 0.031; 0.062 vs. 0.065%, p = 0.035; 0.001 vs. 0.001%, p = 0.034; 0.018 vs. 0.020%, p = 0.043; respectively). There was also a difference in the intrinsic thalamic network between the groups. The assortative coefficient in patients with RLS was higher than that in healthy controls (0.0318 vs. − 0.0358, p = 0.048). We demonstrated the alterations of thalamic nuclei volumes and intrinsic thalamic network in patients with RLS compared to healthy controls. These changes might be related to RLS pathophysiology and suggest the pivotal role of the thalamus in RLS symptoms.
Targeting Ras-binding domain of ELMO1 by computational nanobody design
Authors: Tam Chunlai , Kukimoto-Niino Mutsuko , Miyata-Yabuki Yukako , Tsuda Kengo , Mishima-Tsumagari Chiemi , Ihara Kentaro , Inoue Mio , Yonemochi Mayumi , Hanada Kazuharu , Matsumoto Takehisa , Shirouzu Mikako , Zhang Kam Y. J.
Published: March 2023

The control of cell movement through manipulation of cytoskeletal structure has therapeutic prospects notably in the development of novel anti-metastatic drugs. In this study, we determine the structure of Ras-binding domain (RBD) of ELMO1, a protein involved in cytoskeletal regulation, both alone and in complex with the activator RhoG and verify its targetability through computational nanobody design. Using our dock-and-design approach optimized with native-like initial pose selection, we obtain Nb01, a detectable binder from scratch in the first-round design. An affinity maturation step guided by structure-activity relationship at the interface generates 23 Nb01 sequence variants and 17 of them show enhanced binding to ELMO1-RBD and are modeled to form major spatial overlaps with RhoG. The best binder, Nb29, inhibited ELMO1-RBD/RhoG interaction. Molecular dynamics simulation of the flexibility of CDR2 and CDR3 of Nb29 reveal the design of stabilizing mutations at the CDR-framework junctions potentially confers the affinity enhancement.
A white light emitting reconfigurable pyrazoline-naphthalimide logic gate with magnesium, sodium and proton inputs
Authors: Magri David C. , Camilleri Anthony A.
Published: March 2023

A 3-pyrazolinyl-naphthalimide is demonstrated as a wavelength-reconfigurable dual-output logic gate that emits orange light on binding Na+ and white light on binding Mg2+.
Coinage metal amido and thiolate SNS complexes: consequences of catalyst speciation in Cu(i)-catalysed carbonyl hydroboration
Authors: Ataie Saeed , Lohoar Maxwell , Mangin Loïc P. , Baker R. Tom
Published: March 2023

Three new IPr-Ag- and -Au-SNS amido and thiolate complexes were synthesized and compared to their previously reported Cu analogues as carbonyl hydroboration catalysts (IPr = bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene).
Enhanced Curie temperature in partially decorated CrSnSe3 monolayer with alkali metals (Li, Na, and K)
Authors: Khan Imran , Hong Jisang
Published: March 2023

A two-dimensional ferromagnetic layer with a large Curie temperature is highly desired for spintronics applications.
Unpredictable polymeric flow dynamics with reaction between HPAM and Al3+ by comparison between pre- and post-reaction fluid properties
Authors: Hirano Sae , Nagatsu Yuichiro , Suzuki Ryuta X. , Iijima Jun
Published: March 2023

We demonstrated that there are two mechanisms for the disappearance of the Weissenberg effect in the Al3+ case in this study. This is attributable to the dissolution of [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] to change the [Al(H2O)2(OH)4]− complex ion.
An ultra-high-entropy rare earth orthoferrite (UHE REO): solution combustion synthesis, structural features and ferrimagnetic behavior
Authors: Bui Long M. , Cam Son T. , Buryanenko Ivan V. , Semenov Valentin G. , Nazarov Denis V. , Kazin Pavel E. , Nevedomskiy Vladimir N. , Gerasimov Evgeny Y. , Popkov Vadim I.
Published: March 2023

A solution combustion synthesis approach was used for the first time in the synthesis of chemically and phase-pure ferrimagnetic nanocrystals of an ultra-high-entropy rare earth orthoferrite (UHE REO).
Denoising preprocessing using novel wavelet threshold functions in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy based on fiber laser
Authors: Xu Bohan , Lin Zhanjian , Xu Zhiying , Yan Xiaotao , Peng Xinying , Li Chuangkai , Qin Yuzhi , Li Jiaming , Zhao Nan , Zhang Qingmao
Published: March 2023

Fiber lasers have great advantages in long-time operations and stable power, showing great potential in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) for industrial online diagnosis.
Self-generated exclusion zone in a dead-end pore microfluidic channel
Authors: Nooryani Matina , Benneker Anne M. , Natale Giovanniantonio
Published: March 2023

The self-generated concentration gradient of ions creates a temporary exclusion zone in a microfluidic channel without applying any background electrolyte. This phenomenon provides a simpler approach for lab-on-a-chip-based sorting of particles.
Molecularly imprinted nanoparticles for pathogen visualisation
Authors: Bezdekova Jaroslava , Canfarotta Francesco , Grillo Fabiana , Yesilkaya Hasan , Vaculovicova Marketa , Piletsky Sergey
Published: March 2023

Fluorescent image (left) and graphical representation (right) of saccharides displayed on the cell surface bound by fluorescent nanoMIPs.
Tuning the basicity of the Ni@MCM-41 catalyst via alkaline earth metal oxide promoters for CO2 reforming of CH4
Authors: Mohandessi Masoumeh , Kiani Mohammad Reza , Yousefi Shabnam , Rahimpour Mohammad Reza
Published: March 2023

Dry reforming of methane (DRM) is an effective method to change two main greenhouse gases (CH4 and CO2) into valuable chemicals such as hydrogen.
Vesicle formation induced by thermal fluctuations
Authors: Gallen Andreu F. , Romero-Arias J. Roberto , Barrio Rafael A. , Hernandez-Machado Aurora
Published: March 2023

The process of fission and vesicle formation depends on the geometry of the membrane that will split, temperature, and both Gaussian and bending modulus. Here we study the interplay between all of them during membrane fission.
A 3D printed alveolus-inspired flow field for direct methanol fuel cells with enhanced performance and durability
Authors: Xu Pengpeng , Wen Qinglin , Zou Siyi , Jin Hanqing , Li Yali , Li Wei , He Can , Pan Saifei , Tian Bin , Yan Liuming , Ning Fandi , Zhou Xiaochun
Published: March 2023

An alveolus-inspired flow field for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) is presented. The biomimetic chambers facilitate mass transfer, homogeneous distribution of reactants, and effectively resist harsh weather conditions.
Charge “mis-matched” hydrogen bonded frameworks for cation exchange and dye sorption
Authors: Muang-Non Phonlakrit , Markwell-Heys Adrian W. , Doonan Christian J. , White Nicholas G.
Published: March 2023

Anionic hydrogen bonded frameworks were synthesised from di or tetra-amidinium hydrogen bond donor components and a charge “mis-matched” tecton possessing a 5− charge but only four hydrogen bond accepting groups.
Highlights from Faraday Discussion: From optical to THz control of materials, London, UK, May 2022
Authors: Girija Aswathy V. , Basini Martina , Rostami Habib
Published: March 2023

A Faraday Discussions meeting was held on the topic of ‘From optical to THz control of materials’. This report covers the highlights of this meeting, including brief summaries of the papers discussed.
A systematic computational investigation of lithiation-induced structural phase transitions of O-functionalized MXenes
Authors: Hu Qianku , Ji Yuhuan , Li Dandan , Wang Zhe , Han Kun , Wu Qinghua , Wang Junkai , Xia Qixun , Wang Libo , Zhou Aiguo
Published: March 2023

Lithiation-induced phase transitions of MXenes can be divided into three types, which are dependent on the sizes of M ions.
Enhanced transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect using ferromagnetic metal perforated with nanopore arrays
Authors: Zhang Weiwei , Du Guoqiang , Chen Hongming , An Kang
Published: March 2023

All ferromagnetic metal perforated with nanopore arrays with high sensing performance.
Temperature phase transitions in silver niobate and lithium tantalate-modified silver niobate ceramics
Authors: Krylov Alexander S. , Krylova Svetlana N. , Vtyurin Alexander N. , Roginskii Eugene M. , Jin Li , Tian Ye , Wei Xiaoyong
Published: March 2023

The temperature behaviour of 0.955 AgNbO3–0.045 LiTaO3 and AgNbO3 ceramics was studied in the range from 10 to 415 K.
Approaching the free-ion limit in magnetically isotropic gadolinium(iii) via borohydride ligands
Authors: Magott Michał , Wegner Wojciech
Published: March 2023

Three new crystalline phases of the borohydride complex, [n-Bu4N][RE(BH4)4] (RE = Gd (1), Gd0.097Y0.903 (2) and Gd0.017Y0.983 (3)), were obtained in pure form and characterised using EPR spectroscopy and AC/DC magnetometry.
CoSe2 nanoparticles anchored on dual 1D carbon nanotubes/N-doped carbon nanofibers as high-performance anodes for sodium-ion storage
Authors: Jiang Qilei , Han Xu , Zhang Mengling , Qin Zheng , Huang Xianggang , Hou Yan , Cao Xueqin , Lang Jian-ping , Gu Hongwei
Published: March 2023

Dual 1D CoSe2@CNTs/N-CNFs obtained by electrospinning and subsequent two-step heating process exhibit superior sodium-ion storage performance when used as the anode of an SIB.
Activation of DMSO(-d6) via heterogeneous photo-Fenton-like process with in situ production of hydroxyl radicals for the C–H (trideutero)methylation of (iso)quinoliniums
Authors: Natarajan Palani , Basak Aleyna , Metin Onder
Published: March 2023

All Fenton reagent-assisted DMSO activation and in situ ˙CH3-radical production reported yet exclusively employ homogeneous reagent systems. However, the method described herein is based on the use of a heterogeneous photo-Fenton-like system.
Evaluation of the digestion capability of ammonium bifluoride for the determination of major and trace elements in Ti-rich minerals by ICP-MS
Authors: Liu Hong , Hu Zhaochu , He Tao , Zhang Wen , Zong Keqing , Luo Tao , Qiu Xiaoyun , Gao Yang , Li Mufei
Published: March 2023

An efficient digestion method for the determination of major and trace elements in Ti-rich minerals by ICP-MS.
The reaction kinetics and mechanism of catalytic decomposition of hydrazine nitrate on Ru/C catalyst in nitric acid solutions
Authors: Li Baole , He Tiansheng , Zuo Chen , Cao Zhi , Yan Taihong , Zheng Weifang
Published: March 2023

The mechanism and kinetics of the catalytic decomposition of hydrazine nitrate were studied, and proved that the decomposition was a result of two processes.
Correction: First-principles prediction of two-dimensional MnOX (X = Cl, Br) monolayers: the half-metallic multiferroics with magnetoelastic coupling
Authors: Feng Yulin , Wang Zilong , Liu Na , Yang Qing
Published: March 2023

Correction for ‘First-principles prediction of two-dimensional MnOX (X = Cl, Br) monolayers: the half-metallic multiferroics with magnetoelastic coupling’ by Yulin Feng, et al., Nanoscale, 2023, 15, 4546–4552, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2NR05764F.
Complementary strategies for synthesis of sulfinamides from sulfur-based feedstock
Authors: Jabczun Miloš , Nosek Vladimír , Míšek Jiří
Published: March 2023

We describe a straightforward one-pot reductive protocol for the synthesis of sulfinamides from sulfonyl chlorides.
Glycosylated quantum dots as fluorometric nanoprobes for trehalase
Authors: Barnes Danielle D. , Kuznetsova Vera , Visheratina Anastasia , Purcell-Milton Finn , Baranov Mikhail A. , Lynch Dylan M. , Martin Harlei , Gun'ko Yurii K. , Scanlan Eoin M.
Published: March 2023

Fluorometric nanoprobes for detection of trehalase activity, based on trehalase-functionalised quantum dots (QDs) are reported.
A themed collection in memory of Petr Nachtigall
Authors: Grajciar Lukáš , Heard Christopher J. , Morris Russel E. , Sauer Joachim , Čejka Jiří
Published: March 2023

Professor RNDr. Petr Nachtigall, PhD passed away on 28 December 2022. He was an internationally recognized expert in computational materials science; working at Charles University in the Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry. We honor his memory.
Effect of Mn content in CuO/MnCeOxcatalysts on CO2hydrogenation for methanol synthesis
Authors: Nie Mengdong , Guo Tuo , Qiang Fangyuan , Wu Man , Liu Yongzhuo , Guo Qingjie , He Yurong
Published: March 2023

Different catalytic effects were achieved by adjusting different Mn contents in CuO/MnCeOxcatalysts.
Coupled bond dynamics alters relaxation in polymers with multiple intrinsic dissociation rates
Authors: Wagner Robert J. , Vernerey Franck J.
Published: March 2023

Network models of multi-bond-type dynamic polymers predict that stable bond relaxation is coupled with the kinetics of nearby dynamic bonds. Thus, we append a rule of mixture to TNT to unveil the micromechanical origins of complex polymer relaxation.
A refresh operation method for solving thermal stability issues and improving endurance of ovonic threshold switching selectors
Authors: Wang Lun , Liu Zixuan , Zhang Zhuoran , Chen Jiangxi , Wen Jinyu , Zhao Ruizhe , Tong Hao , Miao Xiangshui
Published: March 2023

A refresh operation method for an OTS selector to ensure a long memory chip life.
Lexical Characteristics of the Speech Intelligibility Test: Effects on Transcription Intelligibility for Speakers With Multiple Sclerosis and Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Stipancic Kaila L. , Wilding Gregory , Tjaden Kris
Published: March 2023

Purpose:

Lexical characteristics of speech stimuli can significantly impact intelligibility. However, lexical characteristics of the widely used Speech Intelligibility Test (SIT) are unknown. We aimed to (a) define variation in neighborhood density, word frequency, grammatical word class, and type–token ratio across a large corpus of SIT sentences and tests and (b) determine the relationship of lexical characteristics to speech intelligibility in speakers with multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's disease (PD), and neurologically healthy controls.

Method:

Using an extant database of 92 speakers (32 controls, 30 speakers with MS, and 30 speakers with PD), percent correct intelligibility scores were obtained for the SIT. Neighborhood density, word frequency, word class, and type–token ratio were calculated and summed for each of the 11 sentences of each SIT test. The distribution of each characteristic across SIT sentences and tests was examined. Linear mixed-effects models were performed to assess the relationship between intelligibility and the lexical characteristics.

Results:

There was large variability in the distribution of lexical characteristics across this large corpus of SIT sentences and tests. Modeling revealed a relationship between intelligibility and the lexical characteristics, with word frequency and word class significantly contributing to the model.

Conclusions:

Three primary findings emerged: (a) There was considerable variability in lexical characteristics both within and across the large corpus of SIT tests; (b) there was not a robust association between intelligibility and the lexical characteristics; and (c) findings from a study demonstrating an effect of neighborhood density and word frequency on intelligibility were replicated. Clinical and research implications of the findings are discussed, and three exemplar SIT tests systematically controlling for neighborhood density and word frequency are provided.
Sizing and operation co‐optimization strategy for flexible traction power supply system
Authors: Zhang Shanshan , Yang Shaobing , Liu Qiujiang , Hu Bin , Zhang Junting , Guerrero Josep
Published: March 2023

Dispatchable energy storage system (ESS) plays a critical role in the smart grid through energy shift and power support. However, it exhibits different operational strategies and economic benefits in different application scenarios due to its inherent degradation behaviour. This paper aims to explore the technical and economic feasibility of the flexible traction power supply system (FTPSS) integrating ESS and renewable energy sources (RES) based on the traction load characteristics. First, a battery degradation model applicable in its frequent charging and discharging operating conditions is derived. Then this paper develops an operational‐sizing co‐optimization framework for the ESS in the FTPSS, where the operation decisions are made considering the degradation costs varying with the sizes and energy throughput. To solve this large‐scale non‐linear intertemporal decision‐making problem, an iterative method with a linear programming (LP) core is proposed to achieve the trade‐off between computational efficiency and accuracy. The results of the extensive comparative cases show that the proposed approach can achieve approximately 10% higher economic benefits than the existing bi‐level sizing strategies for FTPSS.
Extinction towards the cluster R136 in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Brands Sarah A. , de Koter Alex , Bestenlehner Joachim M. , Crowther Paul A. , Kaper Lex , Caballero-Nieves Saida M. , Gräfener Götz
Published: March 2023

Context. The cluster R136 in the giant star-forming region 30 Doradus in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) offers a unique opportunity to resolve a stellar population in a starburst-like environment. Knowledge of the extinction towards this region is key for the accurate determination of stellar masses, and for the correct interpretation of observations of distant, unresolved starburst galaxies.

Aims. Our aims are to construct an extinction law towards R136, and to measure the extinction towards individual sources inside the cluster. This will allow us to map the spatial distribution of the dust, to learn about dust properties, and to improve mass measurements of the very massive WNh stars inside the cluster.

Methods. We obtain the near-infrared to ultraviolet extinction towards 50 stars in the core of R136, employing the ‘extinction without standards’ method. To assure good fits over the full wavelength range, we combine and modify existing extinction laws.

Results. We detect a strong spatial gradient in the extinction properties across the core of R136, coinciding with a gradient in density of cold gas that is part of an extension of the Stapler Nebula, a molecular cloud lying northeast of the cluster. In line with previous measurements of R136 and the 30 Doradus region, we obtain a high total-to-relative extinction (RV = 4.38 ± 0.87). However, the high values of RV are accompanied by relatively strong extinction in the ultraviolet, contrary to what is observed for Galactic sightlines.

Conclusions. The relatively strong ultraviolet extinction towards R136 suggests that the properties of the dust towards R136 differ from those in the Milky Way. For RV ~ 4.4, about three times fewer ultraviolet photons can escape from the ambient dust environment relative to the canonical Galactic extinction at the same RV and AV. Therefore, if dust in the R136 star-bursting environment is characteristic for cosmologically distant star-bursting regions, the escape fraction of ultraviolet photons from such regions is overestimated by a factor of three relative to the standard Milky Way assumption for the total-to-selective extinction. Furthermore, a comparison with average curves tailored to other regions of the LMC shows that large differences in ultraviolet extinction exist within this galaxy. Further investigation is required in order to decipher whether or not there is a relation between RV and ultraviolet extinction in the LMC.
Raising the observed metallicity floor with a 3D non-LTE analysis of SDSS J102915.14+172927.9
Authors: Lagae C. , Amarsi A. M. , Rodríguez Díaz L. F. , Lind K. , Nordlander T. , Hansen T. T. , Heger A.
Published: March 2023

Context. The first stars marked the end of the cosmic dark ages, produced the first heavy elements, and set the stage for the formation of the first galaxies. Accurate chemical abundances of ultra metal-poor stars ([Fe/H] < −4) can be used to infer the properties of the first stars and thus the formation mechanism for low-mass second-generation stars in the early Universe. Spectroscopic studies have shown that most second-generation stars are carbon enhanced. A notable exception is SDSS J102915.14+172927.9, which is the most metal-poor star known to date, largely by virtue of the low upper limits of the carbon abundance reported in earlier studies.

Aims. We re-analysed the composition of SDSS J102915.14+172927.9 with the aim of providing improved observational constraints on the lowest metallicity possible for low-mass star formation and constraining the properties of its Population III progenitor star.

Methods. We developed a tailored three-dimensional model atmosphere for SDSS J102915.14+172927.9 with the Stagger code, making use of an improved surface gravity estimate based on the Gaia DR3 parallax. Snapshots from the model were used as input in the radiative transfer code Balder to compute 3D non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) synthetic spectra. These spectra were then used to infer abundances for Mg, Si, Ca, Fe, and Ni as well as upper limits on Li, Na, and Al. Synthetic 3D LTE spectra were computed with Scate to infer the abundance of Ti and upper limits on C and N.

Results. In contrast to earlier works based on 1D non-LTE corrections applied to 3D LTE results, we are able to achieve ionisation balance for Ca I and Ca II when employing our consistent 3D non-LTE treatment. The elemental abundances are systematically higher than those found in earlier works. In particular, [Fe/H] is increased by 0.57 dex, and the upper limits of C and N are larger by 0.90 dex and 1.82 dex, respectively.

Conclusions. We find that Population III progenitors with masses 10–20 M⊙ exploding with energy E ⪅ 3 × 1051 erg can reproduce our 3D non-LTE abundance pattern. Our 3D non-LTE abundances are able to better constrain the progenitor mass and explosion energy as compared to our 1D LTE abundances. Contrary to previous work, we obtain higher upper limits on the carbon abundance that are ‘marginally consistent’ with star formation through atomic line cooling, and consequently, these results prevent us from drawing strong conclusions about the formation mechanism of this low-mass star.
Convergence analysis of pressure reconstruction methods from discrete velocities
Authors: Araya Rodolfo , Bertoglio Cristobal , Carcamo Cristian , Nolte David , Uribe Sergio
Published: March 2023

Magnetic resonance imaging allows the measurement of the three-dimensional velocity field in blood flows. Therefore, several methods have been proposed to reconstruct the pressure field from such measurements using the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations, thereby avoiding the use of invasive technologies. However, those measurements are obtained at limited spatial resolution given by the voxel sizes in the image. In this paper, we propose a strategy for the convergence analysis of state-of-the-art pressure reconstruction methods. The methods analyzed are the so-called Pressure Poisson Estimator (PPE) and Stokes Estimator (STE). In both methods, the right-hand side corresponds to the terms that involving the field velocity in the Navier–Stokes equations, with a piecewise linear interpolation of the exact velocity. In the theoretical error analysis, we show that many terms of different order of convergence appear. These are certainly dominated by the lowest-order term, which in most cases stems from the interpolation of the velocity field. However, the numerical results in academic examples indicate that only the PPE may profit of increasing the polynomial order, and that the STE presents a higher accuracy than the PPE, but the interpolation order of the velocity field always prevails. Furthermore, we compare the pressure estimation methods on real MRI data, assessing the impact of different spatial resolutions and polynomial degrees on each method. Here, the results are consistent with the academic test cases in terms of sensitivity to polynomial order as well as the STE showing to be potentially more accurate when compared to reference pressure measurements.
Architecture and modular design of power emergency command system based on association rule algorithm
Authors: Wang Qian , Liu Mingming
Published: March 2023

In order to effectively obtain the electric power emergency command plan and reasonably dispatch emergency resources, the electric power emergency command system architecture based on association rule algorithm is designed according to the modularization idea. In the hardware part, the sensing layer is used to collect operation data, and the service layer is used to analyze and mine the data. The tool layer establishes the basic component library and the power industry component library. The network layer transmits relevant information to the application layer. The application layer realizes the three-dimensional simulation and visual operation of power emergency command such as resource scheduling and fault repair by calling the tool set. In the software part, the association rule algorithm combined with online analytical processing technology is used to mine the effective data in the collected data set to realize the analysis and processing of emergency command related work. Experiments show that the system can effectively command the output of the generator and obtain higher transmission margin when the fault occurs. And reasonably and evenly dispatch emergency resources to avoid resource waste.
Multi-attribute group decision-making for solid waste management using interval-valued q-rung orthopair fuzzy COPRAS
Authors: Ahemad Faizan , Khan Ahmad Zaman , Mehlawat Mukesh Kumar , Gupta Pankaj , Roy Sankar Kumar
Published: March 2023

In this paper, the COPRAS (Complex Proportional Assessment) method is extended for interval-valued q-rung orthopair fuzzy numbers (IVq-ROFNs) to solve multi-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM) problems. A novel distance measure for IVq-ROFNs is proposed, and its properties are also probed. This distance measure is used in an improved weights determination method for decision-makers. A weighted projection optimization model is developed to evaluate the completely unknown attributes’ weights. The projection of assessment values is defined by the positive and negative ideal solutions, which determine the resemblance between two objects by considering their directional angle. An Indian cities’ ranking problem for a better solid waste management infrastructure is solved using the proposed approach based on composite indicators, like recycling waste, greenhouse gas emissions, waste generation, landfilling waste, recycling rate, waste-to-energy rate, and composting waste. Numerical comparisons, sensitivity analysis, and other relevant analyses are performed for validation.
Dimension Estimate of the Global Attractor for a 3D Brinkman- Forchheimer Equation
Authors: SONG Xueli , DENG Xi , QIAO Baoming
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we study the dimension estimate of global attractor for a 3D Brinkman-Forchheimer equation. Based on the differentiability of the semigroup with respect to the initial data, we show that the global attractor of strong solution of the 3D Brinkman-Forchheimer equation has finite Hausdorff and fractal dimensions.
News Recommendation System Based on Topic Embedding and Knowledge Embedding
Authors: ZHANG Haojie , SUN Hui , QI Baiwen , SHEN Zhidong
Published: March 2023

News recommendation system is designed to deal with massive news and provide personalized recommendations for users. Accurately capturing user preferences and modeling news and users is the key to news recommendation. In this paper, we propose a new framework, news recommendation system based on topic embedding and knowledge embedding (NRTK). NRTK handle news titles that users have clicked on from two perspectives to obtain news and user representation embedding :1) extracting explicit and latent topic features from news and mining users' preferences for them in historical behaviors; 2) extracting entities and propagating users' potential preferences in the knowledge graph. Experiments in a real-world dataset validate the effectiveness and efficiency of our approach.
Mechanical Properties of Laser Welded Joint of Copper and Steel Dissimilar Metals
Authors: REN Yiwen , TAO Junhui , LI Jie , CHEN Xinqi , ZHANG Lin , WANG Chuanhui , JIN Haiqin , QI Hongyan , WANG Zhuo , XIE Xing , PAN Jie
Published: March 2023

In this research project, copper and stainless steel were connected by two laser welding methods: straight seam welding and swing welding. Then, electronic tensile test machine, X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope and metallographic microscope were used to analyze the tensile properties, macroscopic and microscopic structure morphology and phase of the welded joint. Based on the experimental results, we determined that the strength of the straight seam welded joint was higher. Because of the intermetallic compound near the weld in the swing welding process, it leads to stress concentration, crack cracking and strength reduction. In addition, the oscillating laser beam also leads to the disorderly direction of columnar crystal and coarse structure, which makes the joint strength decrease.
Klinische Studie zur Akutwirkung eines Phytopharmakons mit D-Campher
und Crataegus auf Blutdruck und kognitive Funktionen
Authors: Schandry Rainer , Kaiser Judith , Braun Ursula , Mauz Matthias
Published: March 2023

In einer randomisierten doppelblinden placebokontrollierten klinischen Studie
wurde untersucht, ob bei einer mäßigen Hypotonie eine
medikamentöse Erhöhung des Blutdrucks mit einer Steigerung der
kognitiven Leistung einhergeht. 120 Erwachsene mit einem systolischen Blutdruck
von unter 119 mmHg (Männer) bzw. unter 111 mmHg (Frauen)
nahmen teil. Sie erhielten entweder eine Campher-Weißdorn-Kombination
als Verum (N=60) oder ein Placebo (N=60). Im Vergleich zur
Placebogruppe kam es in der Verumgruppe zu einem signifikant höheren
Anstieg des systolischen und mittleren arteriellen Blutdrucks sowie zu einer
signifikant besseren Konzentrationsleistung und einer nahezu signifikant
besseren selektiven Aufmerksamkeit. Die gute Verträglichkeit und die
hohe Sicherheit des Phytopharmakons wurden konstatiert.
Endlich wieder beisammen – 15. physiokongress in Stuttgart
Authors: Laquai Sophia
Published: March 2023

Vom 3. bis zum 5. Februar 2023 fand die Therapiemesse TheraPro in Stuttgart statt. Thieme sorgte mit dem physiokongress für das begleitende Rahmenprogramm für die Physiotherapie. Ein bunter Strauß an Wissen und Inspiration für den Arbeitsalltag.
A New Approach to the Improvement of Energy Efficiency in Radiology Practices
Authors: Klein Hans-Martin
Published: March 2023

Purpose We examined ways to improve energy efficiency in radiology by using regenerative and energy-friendly technology in the construction and operation of two radiological facilities.

Method In the years 2009 to 2010 an energy-optimized medical center with different clinical disciplines and a radiology practice was built. We used regenerative energy production (photovoltaic system, 29.92 kWp). A heat exchanger was also used to regain thermal energy to support heating of the building, thereby reducing cooling energy consumption. The practice operates a 1.5 T MRI machine and a computed tomography scanner. Derived from our experiences, an open MRI practice was built nearby in 2019. The building was constructed using an energy-saving technique. A photovoltaic system with a 10 kWh lithium-ion battery was installed. The practice operates a 0.35 T open MRI machine.

Results Energy optimization of the medical center resulted in an annual CO2 reduction of about 54 % from 153 146 to 70 631 kg/year. Energy costs were reduced by 32.5 %. The heat exchanger proved to be highly efficient. For the open MRI practice, energy consumption in 2020 was 38 810 kWh: 14 800 kWh for the heating/cooling of the building, and 24 010 kWh for the imaging systems and IT. Net energy production of the solar array was 30 846 kWh. Net energy consumption for the whole project was 8397 kWh/year. CO2 production of the practice was 1839 kg CO2/year.

Conclusion Regenerative energy, energy recuperation, and use of energy-efficient imaging systems can yield considerable improvement of the CO2 footprint in radiology practices.

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Citation Format
Excision arthroplasty of the hip joint in dogs and cats
Authors: Off W. , Matis U.
Published: March 2023

From 1978 to 1989, 132 dogs and 51 cats underwent femoral head and neck ostectomy at the Department of Veterinary Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany. Clinical and radiographic re-evaluations were carried out an average of four years postoperatively in 81 (44%) of the animals, and gait analysis was also done in 17. The functional results were rated good in 38% of patients, satisfactory in 20%, and poor in 42%. However 96% of the owners were satisfied with the results. Kinetic and kinematic measurements showed that although femoral head and neck resection alleviated pain, it resulted in functional deficits in small as well as large breed dogs. These deficits were not visible during rapid movement.

This article was originally published in 1997 in the journal Tierärztliche Praxis. Both authors have approved the re-publication of this article in English, for which they have provided the translation of as well. Original citation: Off W, Matis U. Resektionsarthroplastik des Hüftgelenkes bei Hunden und Katzen. Klinische, röntgenologische und ganganalytische Erhebungen an der Chirurgischen Tierklinik der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München. Tierärztl Prax 1997 25: 379–387.
Sarcomatoid Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Vocal Cord: An Uncommon Malignancy
Authors: Prasad Raveena , Bhat Vadisha , Aroor Rajeshwary , Hosapatna Laxminarayana Kishan Prasad
Published: March 2023

Sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma is a rare variant of laryngeal carcinoma, which comprises 1.3% of all laryngeal malignancies. It is mainly seen in elderly individuals, with smoking and alcohol being common risk factors. The tumor is most common on true vocal cords; hence, patients especially present with dysphonia. We present a case of an elderly male patient who presented with dysphonia due to a vocal cord lesion. During microlaryngoscopy, a firm, exophytic lesion with a narrow stalk was attached to the anterior one-third of the right vocal cord, excised, and sent for histopathology. Histopathology was suggestive of sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma. The patient was successfully treated with radiotherapy. We conclude that benign-appearing laryngeal lesions need to be evaluated and histopathological examination to be performed so that rare entities such as sarcomatoid carcinoma, which mimics benign lesions, can be managed appropriately.
Protective Role of Hsp27 in the Nonylphenol-Induced Locomotory and Longevity Toxicity
Authors: Dwivedi Shiwangi , Francis Kean Anthony Daniel , Sharma Anurag
Published: March 2023

Background Gut health is directly proportional to an organism's fitness. Our recent study showed a functional link between oxidative stress and heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27, a stress protein) in the Drosophila larval gut, which coordinates the nonylphenol (an endocrine disruptor) allied sub-cellular and developmental adversities.

Objective In continuation with the prior study, the present study aimed to explore the association of Hsp27 with locomotory and survival against nonylphenol-induced toxicity in the Drosophila gut.

Methods and Methodology The freshly emerged adult flies were exposed to nonylphenol (5.0 µg/mL) for 10 to 40 days, and their locomotory performance (climbing activity) and survivability were assessed. ANOVA was used to evaluate the statistical significance of the mean values in control and treated flies.

Results Nonylphenol exposure markedly influenced locomotory activity and survivability after 30 to 40 days. For instance, ∼76% (40 days) declined locomotor behavior, and ∼35% (40 days) reduced survivability was observed. While the overexpression of Hsp27 in the organism's gut showed improvement in locomotory performance and survivability after 30 to 40 days. No significant alteration in locomotory performance and survivability was observed after 10 to 20 days of nonylphenol exposure.

Conclusion The present study illustrates that Hsp27 overexpression in the Drosophila gut improves the locomotory performance and survivability in the nonylphenol exposed Drosophila. This also indicates the possible connection between the gut and organismal fitness.
Evidence-Based Medicine for Midface/Orbit/Upper Facial Fracture Repair
Authors: Chen Yongzhen , Weber Alizabeth , Chen Collin
Published: March 2023

The face is one of the most common areas of traumatic injury, making up approximately 25% of all injuries in 2016. Assault, motor vehicle collision (MVC), fall, sports, occupational, and gunshot wounds (GSW) are all common causes of facial fractures, with MVC and GSW leading to significantly higher severity of injuries. Most facial fractures occur in the upper two-thirds of the face. Most facial fractures require timely assessment, diagnosis, and treatment for optimal restoration of facial structures and functions. Without proper initial management, significant complications including immediate complications such as airway compromise, massive bleeding, infection, intracranial hemorrhages, or even death, and long-term complications such as poor functional outcomes and aesthetic setbacks can occur. The goal of this review is to summarize the management of fractures of the upper face, orbit, and midface and provide an update about complications and their management.