bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metaphorical Construction of Chinese Female Images in Media
Authors: Hong X.
Published: January 2025

Introduction. Media is closely related to discourse. Female metaphor in the media is not a simple reflection of the objective world, but a selective and conscious construction of female image in social reality. This study explores the metaphorical construction of Chinese female images in the blessings for women on “Women’s Day” through the media.

Methodology and sources. While some words similar to the meanings of “Women’s Day” were selected as keywords, the researcher searched the Wechat platform for articles with the title including these keywords. Then, a total of 306 female metaphors were manually identified and selected as a corpus. With word frequency statistics of the corpus, this study sorted out the categories of Chinese female metaphors and analyzed female image constructed in the media.

Results and discussion. It was found that the source domains of female metaphors mainly include plant, animal, daily object, fictional character, nature and environment. The female metaphors can be analyzed from the following categories: Woman is a Flower; Woman is Water; Woman is Half the Heaven; Woman is Light; Woman is a Fairy; Woman is a Book; Woman is a Tiger; Woman is a Jewel. Among them, “Woman is a Flower” is the most frequent one and dominates the female metaphors, while the beauty of “flowers” reflects the beauty of women, the blooming of “flowers” reflects the youth of women, and the aroma of “flowers” reflects the charming of women. “Woman is Water”, “Woman is Half of the Heaven”, “Woman is Light” are also frequent female metaphors, constructing the tenderness, high social status, unique charm and outstanding contribution of female. Other female metaphors also play a certain role in the construction of holiness, wisdom, independence, confidence, strength, precious character of female image. These metaphors construct diversified images in terms of the appearance, character, ability and value of women, and most of the women constructed are beautiful and gentle.

Conclusion. It can be seen that the construction of female image in the media becomes diversified on the one hand, on the other hand it still follows the traditional thinking pattern. The paper suggests that gender discourse in the media has been diversified and improved, but still needs to strengthen the construction of equal female image in the harmonious society.
ДИДЖИТАЛІЗАЦІЯ БІЗНЕСУ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Богуславський О.В. , Дмитришин Є.О. , Алєксандров А.А.
Published: January 2025

У статті досліджуються концептуальні засади та сутність диджіталізації бізнесу в умовах війни. Актуальність теми зумовлена загальносвітовими технологічними та суспільно-економічними змінами, які пов’язані з розробкою, впровадженням і переходом до цифрових технологій. Ці процеси, а також швидкий розвиток нової цифрової економіки і цифрового суспільства, стимулюють диджиталізацію всіх аспектів життя. Складні сучасні особливості господарювання викликають необхідність детальніше окреслити вплив війни на процеси диджіталізації бізнесу в Україні. При цьому доцільно проаналізувати нові виклики та можливості, створені війною та дослідити як українські компанії адаптуються до нових умов діяльності за допомогою інструментів диджіталізації. Авторами розглянуто досвід передових вітчизняних компаній, а також окреслено реальні напрями роботи держави, щодо пришвидшення процесів цифровізації.
МОВНІ ЗАСОБИ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ СТРАТЕГІЙ ПОПУЛЯРИЗАЦІЇ ЗДОРОВОГО СПОСОБУ ЖИТТЯ У СУЧАСНОМУ АМЕРИКАНСЬКОМУ МЕДІЙНОМУ ДИСКУРСІ
Authors: Коваленко Андрій Миколайович , Жолоб Алла Ігорівна
Published: January 2025

У статті представлено результати комплексного лінгвопрагматичного дослідження комунікативних стратегій і тактик популяризації здорового способу життя в сучасному американському медійному дискурсі. Актуальність дослідження зумовлена нагальною потребою вивчення лінгвістичних механізмів формування здоров’язберігаючої поведінки в умовах глобальних викликів суспільному здоров’ю. На матеріалі провідних американських видань («Vista», «Healthy Living», «Eating Well») здійснено багаторівневий аналіз дискурсивних практик конструювання наративу про здоровий спосіб життя. Емпіричну базу дослідження сформовано з урахуванням репрезентативності обраних видань та їх впливу на формування суспільного дискурсу щодо здоров’язберігаючих практик. У результаті дослідження виокремлено дві магістральні комунікативні стратегії: інформативності та аргументації. Стратегія інформативності, спрямована на формування когнітивної бази реципієнтів, реалізується через тріаду тактик: описову (експлікація компонентів здорового способу життя), констатуючу (презентація верифікованих наукових даних) та фактографічну (статистична аргументація). Стратегія аргументації, що забезпечує раціонально-логічне обґрунтування здоров’язберігаючої поведінки, актуалізується через: тактику апеляції до авторитету (інкорпорація експертних оцінок), тактику діалогічності (симуляція інтерактивної комунікації) та тактику суб’єктивізації (персоналізована наративізація досвіду). Встановлено, що максимальна ефективність дискурсивного впливу досягається через синергетичну взаємодію виявлених стратегій, що забезпечує комплексний вплив на когнітивному, афективному та конативному рівнях сприйняття інформації. Такий інтегративний підхід сприяє формуванню стійкої мотивації до імплементації здоров’язберігаючих практик у повсякденне життя цільової аудиторії. Результати дослідження розширюють теоретичні засади медіалінгвістики та можуть бути використані для подальшого вивчення комунікативних механізмів впливу на суспільну свідомість через засоби масової інформації.
ПОЕТИКА МІСТИЧНОГО В ТВОРЧОСТІ ФЕДОРА ПОТУШНЯКА
Authors: Кравець Лариса Вікторівна
Published: January 2025

У статті охарактеризовано феномен містичного та проаналізовано його вияв у поезії українського поета Ф. Потушняка. Мета статті полягала у визначенні специфіки вираження містичного у поетичних творах українського письменника. Акцентовано, що параметри вираження містичного в художніх творах за час тривалої історії не були сталими й залежали від соціокультурних чинників – епохи, стилю, напряму, а також особистості митця. У літературі нової доби найбільш сприятливими для вираження містичного виявилися романтизм і модернізм (зокрема, символізм), а згодом постмодернізм, які відкрили інші можливості для реалізації творчого потенціалу автора, ніж було доти, та спрямували на розширення інструментарію. Сучасні філософські концепції демонструють неодностайність у визначенні цього феномена, але водночас пропонують і розширене його розуміння. В українській науці накопичено значний досвід з вивчення містичного в художній літературі. З’ясовано, що поезія Ф. Потушняка виразно модерна, пройнята західноєвропейськими філософськими ідеями, позначена впливом символізму, імажинізму, сюрреалізму, неоромантизму. У ній часто ірреальне витісняє реальне, а містика поєднується з філософією. Містичне є однією із характерних ознак поетичної творчості Ф. Потушняка. У вираженні містичного переважають образи природи. Вираження містичного в поезії автора часто переплітається із вираженням піднесеного. За допомогою містичних образів автор передає широку гаму думок і переживань ліричного героя, глибину сприймання і відчуття реального світу. Через містичне митець також демонструє нерозривний зв’язок людини й природи та можливість розширення меж сприйняття світу, налаштовує на сприйняття ідеї про нескінченність. Для вираження містичного автор вживає численні символи, метафори, алюзії, порушений порядок слів, специфічне інтонування, ритм, творить асоціативно ускладнені образи, згущує образність. Загалом поезія Ф. Потушняка демонструє розширення виражальних можливостей мови, вона людиноцентрична і життєлюбна.
Llista actualitzada dels microlepidòpters paleàrtics (Insecta, Lepidoptera) del Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona
Authors: Macià R. , Caballero-López B. , Lobato-Vila I.
Published: January 2025

Updated list of Palearctic microlepidoptera (Insecta, Lepidoptera) from the Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona

The microlepidoptera collection housed at the Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona (the Natural Sciences Museum of Barcelona, MCNB) has been documented. The collection consists of 44 boxes with a total 7,146 specimens: 622 taxa determined to species level, 45 to family or genus level only, and 388 undetermined specimens of unknown origin. Most of the specimens documented and listed herein belong to the collection of Ignasi de Sagarra. This work provides all the information available relating to the specimens at family and genus level and, where possible, the species or subspecies and current taxonomic situation for each taxa.

Checklist published through GBIF (DOI: 10.15470/yk5i7x)
Does sustainable agriculture promote biodiversity and yield? A second-order meta-analysis.
Authors: Takola Elina , Korell Lotte , Beckmann Michael , Bonfanti Jonathan , Reitz Thomas , Tamburini Giovanni
Published: January 2025

Among the biggest challenges of modern society are biodiversity conservation and food security. Food security requires the increase of agricultural yields, though land use intensification is one of the main drivers of biodiversity loss. Environmentally friendly farming practices, such as organic farming, have positive effects on biodiversity, but are accompanied by yield losses. Other practices, such as diversification, result in a simultaneous increase of biodiversity and yield. In this study, we quantitatively synthesize the results of multiple meta-analyses, to identify the impact of sustainable farming practices on the biodiversity-food nexus. Our results show that sustainable farming practices have a positive effect on biodiversity without compromising productivity. Notably, when we pooled all meta-analytic means, biodiversity and yield gains were significantly correlated. In conclusion, sustainable farming practices have a positive effect on both biodiversity without significant yield losses.
Women’s Leadership in Organizations as a Pathway to Ukraine’s European Integration
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Zhylinska Oksana I. , Prylutska Tetiana Yu. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Onyshchenko Alina V. ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
Published: January 2025

The article is aimed at studying the phenomenon of women’s leadership in organizations as a strategic vector of European integration of Ukraine. It is considered how gender equality in the professional sphere and in managerial activities contributes to the introduction of European values into Ukrainian society, strengthens democratic principles and ensures social justice. The article analyzes the key principles of European equality standards, such as transparency, mutual respect, dignity and equality before the law, which is the basis for the formation of a gender-balanced society, as well as explores the importance of these standards for Ukraine. The challenges faced by women on their way to leadership positions in organizations are revealed. It is determined that despite positive developments, women in Ukraine still face barriers such as stereotypes, prejudices against their competence, as well as limited access to leadership positions in organizations. The relevance of creating equal conditions for the professional development of men and women as an important factor in the integration process, which contributes to the formation of a sustainable and competitive economy, as well as increases the innovative potential of organizations, is substantiated. The article proposes a definition of the phenomenon of «women’s leadership» in the context of organizational development and socioeconomic transformations, emphasizes its importance for ensuring the stable development of organizations and society as a whole. Women’s leadership is seen as a factor that positively influences the culture of organizations, contributes to increasing the effectiveness of management and improves internal communication. It is also determined that women’s leadership can serve as a powerful tool for ensuring inclusivity, the development of diversity and the involvement of all members of society in the socioeconomic life of the country.
The Role of Social Media in Crisis Communication in the Modern Business Context
Authors:   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute», Zhaldak Hanna P. , Kozii Uliana M. ,   National Technical University of Ukraine «Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute»
Published: January 2025

The article is aimed at a detailed study of the features of the use of social media as an effective tool for crisis communication and an analysis of their impact on the formation and preservation of the reputation of organizations in modern conditions. Social media is becoming an integral part of the communication process, especially during crisis situations, when the speed of response, transparency and honesty in the provision of information are viewed as critical. Analyzing modern scientific works and real practical cases, the authors considered in detail the main communication strategies used during crises. In particular, emphasis is placed on the importance of timely informing the public, ensuring transparency of actions and using an honest approach in the presentation of information. In addition, the article emphasizes the importance of a two-way dialogue between the organization and the audience. This approach allows you to take into account feedback, use social media as a platform for open discussion of current problems and get answers to key questions. The study also considers the role of empathy in crisis communication. It is emphasized that demonstrating understanding and empathy allows organizations to create a more trusting relationship with the audience, as well as strengthen a positive image even in the most difficult conditions. Special attention is paid to the issue of creating a single source of truthful information. This helps to avoid confusion in messages and ensures consistency in the communication process. The results of the study made it possible to identify the key factors that contribute to successful crisis management using social media. The article also identified the main advantages of using this tool for business, including its operational efficiency, wide audience coverage, and the ability to respond instantly. Along with this, the authors analyze potential risks, such as spreading false information and losing control over the discussion, which can negatively affect the company’s reputation. Based on the carried out analysis, recommendations for Ukrainian companies on the effective use of social media in crisis communications are proposed. Among the key tips are: prompt response to crisis situations, transparency in the provision of information, active interaction with the audience and the formation of trusting relationships with the public. Thus, the article contributes to the development of modern theory and practice of crisis management, offering effective tools for managing the reputation of organizations in difficult conditions.
Modeling the safety and reliability of IoT systems
Authors: Ahutin Mykhailo , Suslo Tetiana
Published: January 2025

Internet of Things (IoT) systems are developing rapidly, which leads to new opportunities, but also to new risks. The article examines the problems of reliability and security of IoT systems. Different methods for IoT reliability and cybersecurity analysis are reviewed, along with their advantages and disadvantages. Untrusted and unsafe IoT systems can lead to serious consequences 8 such as financial loss, reputational damage and physical harm. The study found that analyzing the reliability and cybersecurity of IoT systems is an important process that helps identify potential risks and problems. There are many different analysis methods, but it is important to choose the ones that suit your needs and resources. Analyzing the reliability and cyber security of IoT systems is an iterative process that requires constant monitoring and updating. It is important to consider both reliability and cybersecurity at all stages of development and operation of IoT systems. There are many tools and resources that can help you perform reliability and cybersecurity analysis of IoT systems. The article proposes one of the approaches to assessing the reliability of IoT systems and outlines the necessary solutions for the implementation of the proposed approach in practical activities.
Insuficiencia de normativa específica y la limitación a la efectividad del sistema judicial ecuatoriano en el tratamiento de la alienación parental en los procesos de tenencia
Authors: Guanín Guevara Luis Fernando , Batista Hernández Noel
Published: January 2025

Introducción: El presente artículo permite determinar cómo la insuficiencia de la normativa específica limita la efectividad del sistema judicial ecuatoriano en el tratamiento de la alienación parental en los procesos de tenencia.  Objetivo:  Determinar cómo la insuficiencia de la normativa específica limita la efectividad del sistema judicial ecuatoriano en el tratamiento de la alienación parental en los procesos de tenencia. Metodología: Se utiliza como metodología el enfoque mixto (cuantitativo- cualitativo). Y métodos descriptivo-explicativo-propositivo y no experimental transversal. Resultados: Se identificó que la legislación ecuatoriana no cuenta con una normativa específica que aborde la alienación parental, pero se reconoce la importancia de proteger los derechos de los niños en los procesos de tenencia. Se determina la importancia de implementar un marco legal que incluya una definición clara del fenómeno para identificar y evaluar la alienación parental, así como protocolos para los procesos de tenencia. Se propone modificar y reformar el Código de la Niñez y Adolescencia, e implementar una Ley Orgánica de Prevención y Combate a la Alienación Parental. La propuesta incluye definir la alienación parental, establecer mecanismos de prevención y detección, así como obligar a los jueces y operadores de justicia a considerarla en los procesos de tenencia, custodia y visitas. Conclusión: La ausencia de una legislación clara sobre el tema deja a los jueces sin herramientas legales para identificar, evaluar y manejar la alienación parental de manera eficaz. Esto vulnera derechos. Área de estudio general: Derecho Área de estudio específica: Derecho civil.
B-learning en el proceso enseñanza aprendizaje en competencia del bachillerato técnico en contabilidad
Authors: Carrillo López Franklin Hernán , Macas Allauca Segundo Raúl , Ramírez Gutiérrez César Vicente , Martínez Pérez Odette
Published: January 2025

Introducción:  la evolución de la tecnología en el aula ha revolucionado la enseñanza y ha permitido un acceso más amplio a los recursos educativos, una mayor flexibilidad en la enseñanza y una mejor implementación, mejorando al mismo tiempo la compresión y la retención de la información por parte de los alumnos. Objetivo:  analizar cómo la implementación de B-Learning, a través de un aula virtual diseñado específicamente para la enseñanza de contabilidad general, afecta el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en el bachillerato técnico. Además, se evalúa su impacto en la calidad educativa y en la preparación profesional de los estudiantes. Metodología:  la investigación utilizó un diseño no experimental de corte transversal, combinando enfoques cuantitativos y cualitativos. El estudio tuvo un carácter exploratorio y se utilizó el método inductivo para interpretar los datos. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 160 estudiantes y 6 docentes de contabilidad de la Unidad Educativa Isabel de Godín. Para recopilar datos, se utilizaron cuestionarios y entrevistas. Resultados: los resultados indican que un 72% de los estudiantes percibió mejoras en su comprensión de los temas gracias a estas metodologías, y un 69% considera que las aulas virtuales facilitan el aprendizaje. Además, un 68% de los estudiantes prefieren usar este tipo de aulas para enriquecer las clases. Sin embargo, persisten problemas relacionados con el acceso a la tecnología y la preferencia por métodos de enseñanza tradicionales, lo que se refleja en las respuestas negativas que oscilan entre el 9% y el 17%. Conclusión: a través de este estudio se ha podido determinar que la ejecución del B-Learning, en concreto, la utilización de aulas virtuales en la docencia de contabilidad en la secundaria técnica de contabilidad general logra una superioridad significativa en la comprensión de conceptos contables complicados. Los resultados confirman la ventaja de las herramientas digitales y los ejercicios interactivos. Área de estudio general: Educación. Área de estudio específica: Contabilidad General. Tipo de estudio:  Artículos originales.
Written Versus Oral Assessment Are Both Equally Effective in Pharmacology ?
Authors: Ferdoush Jannatul , Alam Sefa Sarwath , Jeenia Fatiha Tasnim , Haque Afroza , Johora Fatema , Parveen Mosammat Kohinoor , Rahman Md Sayedur
Published: January 2025

Background: The undergraduate medical curriculum guidelines established by the Bangladesh Medical and Dental Council (BMDC) placed significant emphasis on assessing knowledge, skills, and attitudes in pharmacology. Currently, students are mostly assessed through written and oral assessments. However, oral assessment is resource-intensive and time-consuming while written assessment can efficiently assess a larger number of students in a shorter timeframe. Objective : This study aimed to observe the level of effectiveness of written assessment and oral assessment in evaluating learning objectives in pharmacology education for MBBS students. Methods: A formative interventional study was conducted from August 2022 to September 2023 at four medical colleges in Chattogram, Bangladesh, involving fourth year MBBS students and faculty members of pharmacology. Pharmacologists' opinions were gathered prior to the assessment, and post-assessment feedback from students and examiners were collected regarding the effectiveness of written and oral assessment methods in evaluating learning outcomes aligned with the curriculum objectives. Results: A total number of 240 students and 16 faculty members of pharmacology participated in the study. There was no significant differences found in students’ and teachers’ perceptions of written and oral assessment when evaluating objectives related to the cognitive and affective domains. However, written assessment was significantly preferred for evaluating objectives related to prescribing drug for special group and analyzing information. Teachers also favoured written assessment for evaluating objectives related to prescription writing. Examiners who conducted written assessment indicated that all objectives, except for communication with patients, could be effectively evaluated through written assessment. Oral examiners reported that certain objectives could be fully assessable by oral, while objectives related to drug history taking, ethics of prescribing and prescribing for special groups were partially assessable. Choosing safe and effective drugs and analyzing information could not be adequately evaluated through oral assessment. Conclusion: Findings of this suggest that written assessment can serve as a valid alternative to oral assessment in the pharmacology curriculum within medical education of Bangladesh. This study provides valuable insights for the BMDC, offering a cost-effective and time-saving approach to pharmacology assessment in the MBBS curriculum with adequate learning outcomes.
BJME, Volume-16, Issue-01, January 2025: 26-39
The economic burden of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedure infections in Italy
Authors: Sciattella Paolo , Fornero Annarosa , Giordano Susanna , De Angelis Claudio , Cattel Francesco
Published: January 2025

Introduction: The infections of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) associated with duodenoscopes during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedure have become a significant cause for concern, especially in fragile patients. While the clinical impacts of these infections are well-documented, their economic implications remain underexplored. This study assesses the incidence and economic burden of post-ERCP infections in Italy using an administrative database.
Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study using administrative databases from A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino. The study included all patients who underwent their first inpatient ERCP between 2018 and 2021. Infections were identified using ICD-9-CM codes for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Clostridium difficile, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., and Staphylococcus aureus. A 1-year follow-up was defined in order to estimate healthcare resource utilization and related costs, including readmissions, drug prescriptions, and outpatient specialist and laboratory services.
Results: The study included 686 inpatient ERCP cases, an overall infection rate of 4.2% was observed. Higher infection rates were observed in women (4.6%), patients over 70 years old (4.6%), emergency admissions (5.1%), and transplant patients (19.1%). The average hospital stay doubled for infected patients (24.3 vs. 11.3 days; p=0.001). Post-ERCP infections led to a 28% increase in average costs (€12,256 vs. €9,561; p=0.048). With an annual volume of 25,000 ERCP procedures, post-ERCP infections in Italy contribute approximately €2.9 million in additional direct costs per year.
Conclusion: Post-ERCP infections impose substantial financial burdens on the healthcare system, underscoring the critical importance of implementing cost-effective prevention strategies to mitigate this public health threat in Italy.
SPECIFICITIES OF COMPETENCY APPROACH IMPLEMENTATION: UKRAINIAN AND EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE
Authors: Ovcharuk Oksana V.
Published: January 2025

The article deals with the problems of competency approach implementation to the process of education content formation. The comparative analysis of European and Ukrainian experience of key competencies list discussion has done. Ukrainian perspectives of the competency approach integration to the content of education curricula are revealed.
From Practice to Science: Assessment Soil Nutrient Status Using “Minus One Element Technique (MOET)” for Early Growth of Maize
Authors: Putra Fajrin Pramana , Subrata Bhaskara Anggarda Gathot , Rosyida Rosyida , Sas Muhamad Ghazi Agam
Published: January 2025

Soil nutrient deficiency will influence maize growth, so it is necessary to add nutrients based on the fertility status of the soil. One way to find out the nutrient soil status using a simple method is using the minus one element technique (MOET). The minus one element technique (MOET) determines which element is the limiting factor. This study was carried out to confirm the nutrient soil status using the minus one element technique (MOET) with the early growth of maize as the indicator. The research was conducted in greenhouse, Polytechnic of Lamandau, Central Borneo, Indonesia, at an altitude of 50 m above sea level. The research used a non-factorial design arranged in a completely randomized block design and five fertilizer treatments based on the minus one element technique consisting of control (without fertilization), PK, NP, NK, and NPK with three replications. The results showed that the deficiency of nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus reduced the growth of maize, leaf greenness, photosynthetic rate, and especially the total dry weight of the plant. The dry weight of maize roots decreased by 18.85% - 75.47% when N, P, and K fertilizer were not applied. Then the decrease in photosynthesis rate ranged from 18.23% to 46.21% when N, P, and K fertilizer were not applied. The low of photosynthesis rates resulted in the accumulation of plant dry weight was hampered, and there was a decrease of 8.00% -74.43%. The results of the evaluation of fertility status are based on the results of the relative dry weight of the plant, which was
Determination of Biological Control Agent Bacteria Against Crown Gall
Authors: Tekiner Aydın Nasibe , Kotan Recep
Published: January 2025

This study was carried out to determine new bioagent bacteria for in vitro and semi-in vivo biological control of crown gall disease [Rhizobium radiobacter (Agrobacterium tumefaciens)]. A total of 2012 potential bioagent bacterial strains belonging to different genera were tested in vitro against the pathogen. Microbial identification systems (MIS) diagnoses of bioagent bacterial strains found to be effective as a result of in vitro tests were supported by some conventional tests. Then, the strains' semi-in vivo biocontrol activities found to be effective were tested in carrot slices and squash fruits. Statistical analysis of the data was made according to the percentage of surface coverage in carrot slices and the number and size of tumors in squash fruits. Then, the most effective bioagent and pathogenic bacterial strain diagnoses were determined molecularly. According to the results; 106 bioagent bacterial strains (66 antibiosis; 40 hyperparasitic effects) were found to be effective against R. radiobacter in vitro conditions. It was determined that conventional test results of bioagent bacteria and MIS results supported each other. As a result of semi-in vivo biocontrol activity, it was determined that 8 bioagent bacterial strains out of 106 bioagent bacterial strains did not produce pectolytic activity, and 8 bioagent bacterial strains could be evaluated as a result of semi-in vivo test. The most effective strain suppressing the development of the pathogen in carrot slices and squash fruits was RK 1986 (carrot slices 1.78±0.47; squash fruits 0.26±0.04), followed by RK 570A (carrot slices 2.89±0.82; squash fruits 0.35+0.03) and RK 1074 (carrot slices 3.44±0.99; squash fruits 0.46±0.05) strains were followed. According to the results of molecular identification, the most effective bioagent bacterial strain (RK 1986) was Bacillus mojavensis, and the pathogenic bacteria strain (1B) was R. radiobacter.
Genetic Diversity of Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) isolates from tobacco growing fields of Western Anatolia, Türkiye
Authors: Randa Zelyüt Filiz , Karanfil Ali , Korkmaz Savaş
Published: January 2025

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is an important plant virus that is common in agriculture. It is the first evidence of the existence of viruses in history. Studies on the genetic diversity of the CP gene of TMV, which plays a leading role in host interaction, are limited both in our country and around the world. Genetic diversity analyses were conducted on ten isolates of the full CP gene region of TMV obtained from the most intensive tobacco cultivation areas in our country, and compared with global isolates. TMV infection was detected in 32 out of 300 plants collected from the Aegean and Marmara regions (Çanakkale, Balıkesir, İzmir, Manisa, Uşak, Aydın and Denizli) between 2019 and 2020 using conventional molecular techniques. To genetically characterize the virus, 10 samples were selected from each region, and the complete CP gene region sequences were determined. The aligned CP gene region sequences of TMV from Türkiye and its global isolates exhibited nucleotide homology ratios ranging from 87.7% to100%, with amino acid ratios ranging from 88.7% to 100%. The Türkiye isolates displayed similarity rates of 98.5% to 100% at the nucleotide level and 98.7% and 100% at the amino acid level. In phylogenetic analysis, the 196 known isolates of TMV registered in GenBank, belong to the CP gene region, were divided into two main clades (I and II) and two subclades (Ia and Ib). Turkish isolates were clustered in the major branch with the main clade I and subclade Ia isolates. Therefore, genetic analyses were performed on the CP gene region isolates obtained from different parts of the world and a wide range of hosts, including the isolates obtained from Türkiye. The results showed high genetic stability, similar to many tobamoviruses.
Understanding the Nexus of Extension Teaching Methods and Adoption of Improved Agricultural Production Technologies: Empirical Evidence from Cowpea Farmers in Kogi State, Nigeria
Authors: Adejo Patrick , Shaibu Damilola , Shaibu Ufedo
Published: January 2025

This study assessed the nexus of extension teaching methods and the adoption of improved production technologies. A three-staged sampling technique was adopted in selecting two hundred (200) cowpea farmers. Primary data obtained using the Kobocollect toolbox was analyzed with adoption score/index and ordered probit regression model. Findings from this study showed that 79 % of the respondents were males while 21 % were females. The mean age among cowpea farmers was 49 years. Furthermore, 90.5 % of the respondents adopted the recommended seed rate, 87 % adopted the recommended planting date, and 84.5 % adopted the recommended weeding time. Most (20.5 %) of the respondents had an adoption score and index of 8 and 0.57; while 1.5 % of the cowpea farmers recorded an adoption score and adoption index of 10 and 0.7. Also, 45 % of the cowpea farmers were in the low adoption category, and 27.5 % of each of the sampled cowpea farmers were found in the medium and high adoption category. Individual extension teaching method (β = 1.192), mass extension teaching method (β = -0.189), a combination of individual, group and mass extension teaching methods (β = 0.044), gender (β = -0.124), farming experience (β = -0.019), and income (β = -0.00000276) significantly influenced the extent of adoption of recommended cowpea production practices. The study concluded that individual, and a combination of individual, mass and group extension teaching methods have positive effects on the extent of adoption of recommended cowpea production practices. Amongst others, the study recommended the use of these teaching methods by both private and public extension agents in disseminating information on improved farming practices.
Mikrodalga Kurutma Yöntemiyle Üretilen Karpuz Cipslerinde Güç değerlerinin Kuruma Kinetikleri, Enerji Tüketimi ve Renk Kriterleri Özelliklerine Etkisi
Authors: Taşova Muhammed , Dursun Samet Kaya
Published: January 2025

Karpuz birçok besin değerini bünyesinde barındıran ve bol sulu kabakgillerden olan tarımsal bir üründür. Karpuz cipsi üretiminin gelişmesi hem ülke olarak hem de küresel boyutta taze ürünlere alternatif fonksiyonel bir gıda olması açısından önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, karpuz cipsi üretimi için mikrodalga tekniği kullanılarak 180, 360 ve 540 W güç değerlerinde taze karpuz dilimleri kurutulmuştur. Çalışmanın amacı, karpuz cipsi üretiminde kinetik, kalite özellikleri ve enerji tüketim parametreleri açısından en uygun mikrodalga güç seviyesini tespit etmektir. Kurutma işlemlerinde için kuruma süresi, kuruma oranı, nem oranı, renk parametreleri, efektif nem difüzyonu, özgül nem çekme oranı (SMER) ve özgül enerji tüketimi (SEC) değerleri belirlenmiştir. Karpuz cipsi üretiminde en kısa kuruma süresi 540 W güçte kurutulan örneklerde 11 dakika olarak belirlenmiştir. En uzun kuruma süresi ise 180 W güçte 48.50 dakika olarak belirlenmiştir. Kurutma işlemlerinde 180, 360 ve 540 W mikrodalga güç değerleri için tespit edilen kuruma oranları sırayla 0.200, 0.530 ve 0.939 g nem g kuru madde.dakika-1 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Taze karpuz dilimlerin L, a ve b değerleri sırasıyla 43.17, 31.32 ve 20.59 olarak belirlenmiştir. Taze dilimlere en yakın renk değerleri 360 W güç değerinde kurutulan örneklerde belirlenmiştir. Mikrodalgada 360 W güç değerinde kurutulan örneklerin L, a ve b değerleri sırasıyla 41.35, 16.56 ve 12.07 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Kurutma işlemlerinin efektif nem difüzyon değerlerinin 3.74x10-11-2.27.10-10 m2.s-1 arasında değiştiği tespit edilmiştir. En yüksek özgül nem çekme oranı (SMER) 540 W güçte kurutulan örneklerde ortalama 0.0662 kg.kWh-1 olarak belirlenmiştir. En düşük özgül enerji tüketim (SEC) değeri 540 W güçte kurutulan örneklerde 14.52 kW.kg-1 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bu çalışmada kuruma süresi, efektif nem difüzyonu ve enerji parametreleri açısından karpuz dilimlerinin mikrodalgada 540 W güç değerinde kurutulması önerilmektedir. Renk değerleri açısından karpuz cipsi üretiminde 360 W mikrodalga güç değerinde kurutulması önerilmektedir.
A Rigorous Holonomy Mechanism for a Non-Perturbative Mass Gap inFour-Dimensional SU(N) Yang-Mills Theory
Authors: Agawa Yuta
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a rigorous non-local formulation of four-dimensional Euclidean SU(N) Yang-Mills theory, termed "Agawa'sHolonomy Mechanism," providing a mathematically well-definedframework for demonstrating the existence of a mass gap. Central tothis approach is the introduction of a non-local gauge field operatormeticulously constructed from the holonomy around a closed loop ofcharacteristic size L. This non-locality, parameterized by L, modifies theconventional Yang-Mills action while strictly preserving gaugeinvariance. We demonstrate that the resulting non-local action isrigorously bounded from below by zero and possesses a unique vacuumstate. The continuum limit is rigorously defined using a novelholonomy-based regularization scheme. We establish the theory'srenormalizability by analyzing the beta function up to one-loop order,confirming its asymptotic freedom. A detailed examination of theOsterwalder-Schrader axioms, including a complete and self-containedproof of reflection positivity, further solidifies the theory's mathematicalfoundation. We propose a novel gauge fixing condition based on fixingthe eigenvalues of the holonomy, which demonstrably eliminates Gribovambiguities. A non-perturbative variational method, employing acarefully constructed gauge-invariant trial wave functional based on theholonomy, is developed to analyze the strong coupling regime. Ouranalytical results strongly indicate the existence of a mass gap, with aleading-order behavior of m ~ g² N / L in the strong coupling regime.We further discuss the implications of these findings for the continuumlimit, demonstrating that the mass gap, when properly scaled, remainsnon-zero. This work establishes a mathematically rigorous frameworkfor a non-local SU(N) Yang-Mills theory, offering a new perspective onthe mass gap problem and outlining clear paths for future research.
DeTEcT: dynamic and probabilistic parameters extension
Authors: Sadykhov R. , Goodell G. , Treleaven P.
Published: January 2025

This paper presents a theoretical extension of the Decentralized Token Economy Theory (DeTEcT) framework proposed by Sadykhov et al. (Front. Blockchain, 2023, 6, 1298330), where a formal analysis framework was introduced for modelling wealth distribution in token economies. DeTEcT is a framework for analysing economic activity, simulating macroeconomic scenarios, and algorithmically setting policies in token economies. This paper proposes four ways of parametrizing the framework, where dynamic vs. static parametrization is considered along with the probabilistic vs. non-probabilistic parameters. Using these parametrization techniques, we demonstrate that by adding restrictions to the framework, it is possible to derive the existing wealth distribution models from DeTEcT. In addition to exploring parametrization techniques, this paper explores how money supply in the DeTEcT framework can be transformed to become dynamic and how this change will affect the dynamics of wealth distribution. The motivation for studying dynamic money supply is that it enables DeTEcT to be applied to modelling token economies without maximum supply (i.e., Ethereum) and it adds constraints to the framework in the form of symmetries.
Diabetic ketoacidosis treatment outcomes and its associated factors among adult patients with diabetes mellitus admitted to public hospitals in Nekemte Town, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Mitiku Yigazu Daniel , Lema Matiyos , Bekele Firomsa , Tesfaye Daka Dawit , Samuel Dagim , Addisu Nigatu
Published: January 2025

Background

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious and acute complication of diabetes mellitus. In Ethiopia, the mortality associated with acute diabetes complications ranges from 9.8% to 12%. Despite this, there is limited information on the clinical outcomes of DKA in our study location. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the magnitude and associated factors of DKA treatment outcomes among adult patients with diabetes admitted to public hospitals in Nekemte Town, Ethiopia.

Objective

To assess the DKA treatment outcomes and their associated factors among adult patients with diabetes admitted to public hospitals in Nekemte Town.

Methods

A 5-year cross-sectional study was conducted using a systematic random sampling technique among 201 patients from 1 July to 31 August 2023. DKA treatment outcomes were assessed at discharge. Pharmacists collected data by reviewing patient charts using Kobo Toolbox software. The data were then exported to SPSS Version 27 for analysis. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. Variables with a P-value < 0.25 in the bivariable logistic regression were entered into the multivariable regression analysis to control for potential confounders. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used to identify predictors of treatment outcomes. A P-value < 0.05 was considered significant in the multivariable analysis.

Result

Complete data was available for 201 patients admitted with DKA. The majority, 178 (88.6%), improved and were discharged. Independent predictors of DKA recovery were comorbidities [AOR: 3.45, 95% CI: 1.33, 9.72], admission Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score (<8) [AOR: 2.74, 95% CI: 1.02, 7.34], random blood glucose (RBS) (≥ 500) [AOR: 3.07 (95% CI: 1.12, 8.39)], and urine ketones (≥ +3) [AOR: 3.24, 95% CI: 1.18, 8.88].

Conclusion and recommendation

Most of the treated patients with DKA were discharged with improvement. Comorbidity, admission GCS, RBS, and urine ketones were independently associated with DKA recovery. In general, significant consideration should be given to DKA prevention, early detection, and appropriate hospital management.
Stem cell status and prognostic applications of cuproptosis-associated lncRNAs in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Chai Zhuodong , Yuan Zhongyue , Chen Yifei
Published: January 2025

Introduction

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a highly heterogeneous hematological malignancy, remains a major challenge in adult oncology. Stem cell research has highlighted the crucial role of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) in regulating cellular differentiation and self-renewal processes, which are pivotal in AML pathogenesis and therapy resistance.

Methods

This study explores the relationship between cuproptosis-related lncRNAs and AML prognosis, providing novel insights into their impact on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells.

Results

We collected clinical information from 214 AML patients in our center and analyzed the association between granulocyte recovery after chemotherapy, cuproptosis, and prognosis. Additionally, we developed a prognostic model—the cuproptosis-associated long noncoding RNA prognostic model (CRLPM)—y analyzing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Patients were stratified into high- and low-risk groups based on CRLPM, revealing significant survival differences. High-risk patients demonstrated lower sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents such as Axitinib, GSK429286A, Navitoclax, and ZM-447439, underscoring the need for alternative therapeutic strategies.

Discussion

CRLPM offers a promising framework for integrating stem cell-focused approaches into personalized treatment regimens, paving the way for precision medicine in AML management.
Investigating the impacts of auditory and visual feedback in advanced driver assistance systems: a pilot study on driver behavior and emotional response
Authors: Zou Zhao , Khan Aila , Lwin Michael , Alnajjar Fady , Mubin Omar
Published: January 2025

In the autonomous vehicle industry, Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) are recognized for their capacity to enhance service quality, improve on-road safety, and increase driver comfort. Driver Assistance Systems are able to provide multi-modal feedback including auditory cues, visual cues, vibrotactile cues and so on. The study will concentrate on assessing the impacts of auditory and visual feedback from assistive driving systems on drivers. A group consisting of five participants (N = 5) was recruited to take part in two sets of driving experiments. During the experimental sessions, they were exposed to several reminders designed for drivers in audio-only format and audio-visual format, respectively. Their driving behaviors and performances were under researcher’s observation, while their emotions were evaluated by YOLO v5 detecting model. The results reveal that the participants higher compliance rate and strong emotional reactions (especially the feelings of anger, sadness and surprise) towards the unimodal feedback of audio-only driving reminders. There is no strong evidence showing that the bimodal ADAS feedback of audio-visual cues effectively improve drivers’ performance during driving period. However, both the emotion data and user satisfaction results indicate that participants experienced an increase in feelings of happiness when they were able to visualize the AI assistant while hearing the audio reminders from the assistant. The study serves as one of the pioneering studies aimed at enhancing the theoretical foundation in the field of automotive user interface design, particularly concerning the design of auditory functions.
Community-engaged research enhances the scientific quality and societal impact of a long-term avian monitoring program in northwest Ecuador
Authors: Karubian Jordan , Olivo Jorge , Cabrera Domingo , Freile Juan , Browne Luke , Anderson H. Luke , Cabo Jairo , Paladines Gregory , Loor Gloria , Perlin Wilde Liat
Published: January 2025

Introduction

There has been a growing realization that a more inclusive approach to research can provide both ethical and practical benefits. Long-term avian monitoring programs, and indeed the academic and research community as a whole, are still learning how best to implement these methodologies effectively.

Methods

This paper provides information on a twenty-plus-year effort to conduct community-engaged avian monitoring in northwest Ecuador, with a focus on how this approach has impacted the quality and scope of the project’s science and broader societal impacts. We focus on three case studies that have been proceeding for varying lengths of time to highlight various stages of project development and maturity.

Results

A community-engaged approach has improved the quality of our scientific research by adding traditional ecological knowledge (TEK), technical capacity, and intellectual contributions to our monitoring efforts. Community-engaged research has also enhanced the breadth and quality of societal impacts, in terms of education, capacity building, and conservation, particularly in the formation of an ecological reserve that protects threatened species and habitat. We also discuss systemic and local challenges, and potential strategies to overcome these challenges

Discussion

We conclude that community-engaged research can improve the intellectual merit and broader societal impacts of long-term avian monitoring, and we advocate for continued investment, efforts, and careful reflection on best practices in this space.