bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
First Ten Minutes in Tertiary Classes: What is Happening?
Authors:   Philippine Normal University North Luzon, Balot Marites
Published: January 2025

What is happening during the first ten minutes in classes? Are the teachers of would-be teachers doing the right things in starting their classes? Are they observing laws and principles for effective learning and activity management? The aim of this study was to describe what is actually done by faculty members during the first ten minutes in their classes and come up with an action plan to improve their activities. Using survey questionnaire, checklist, interview and focus group discussions, data were gathered and analyzed using simple frequencies, mean and t-test for dependent means. Results indicated that faculty and students recognize that there are activities that must be undertaken to begin the lessons. Likewise, the importance of having initial activities prior to the lesson was noted by both respondents. The analysis of result paved the way to the formulation of an action plan which was later implemented for the duration of six weeks. Results indicated that there was significant improvement in their teaching practices during the first ten minutes in classes after the implementation of the action plan. Further, a revised action plan was formulated taking into consideration the activities proven to be significant for both respondents. Theoretical and practical implications of the study were discussed.
Social Services for the Community: Leveraging Buddhist Religious Resources in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Authors: Lộc Dương Hoàng
Published: January 2025

Religious resources have become a significant topic of interest and discussion in Vietnam, particularly regarding their potential to enhance the role of religions in contributing to national development and the process of international integration. This study examines the role of Buddhism in delivering social services to the community in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, by exploring its religious resources. The findings reveal that Buddhism in Ho Chi Minh City actively provides free educational and healthcare services to support the poor and urban migrants in overcoming hardships. These efforts highlight the religion's social function in promoting social justice in Vietnam. The study concludes that through its practical contributions to the community, Buddhism serves as a valuable religious resource in Vietnam, especially in Ho Chi Minh City. Based on these insights, the article proposes several solutions to enhance the role of Buddhism in offering social services to the community in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Issues of Criminal Liability for Suicide
Authors: Saparovna Niyozova Salomat
Published: January 2025

This article analyzes the issues of criminal liability for suicide. Also, the article examines issues related to the objective signs of the crime of suicide. The opinions of scientists in this regard were analyzed and relevant suggestions and recommendations were given. In this article, efforts to bring a person to the level of suicide or attempted suicide as a result of intimidation, merciless treatment of a person, or continuous humiliation of his honor and dignity, are analyzed in terms of their objective aspect, and practice materials are studied.
Ecological Culture in the Traditional Worldview of the Turks (Tengriism and folk Islam)
Authors: Amirovna Kasymbekova Marzhan , Zhenisuly Zhengis Zhomart , Zhanymkhan Oshan , Kabdeshuly Zhumadil Arman , Yeldos Sauyrkan
Published: January 2025

Today, one of the most significant global threats to international security is environmental issues. In the modern world, key environmental challenges include ozone layer depletion, global warming, air pollution, the greenhouse effect, ocean pollution, and the loss of biodiversity on Earth. Religion, as a core element of any culture and civilization, shapes the worldview of an ethnic group and its relationship with the natural environment. Religions can be divided into “ecological” and “non-ecological” categories. This article examines the issue from the perspective of the traditional worldview of the Turkic peoples, which is regarded as an ecological religion
Circular Economic Model of Waste Bank Based on Technological Innovation: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Insight
Authors: Yusuf Rully , Koestoer Raldi Hendro , Rahmah Septia Pristi
Published: January 2025

The circular economy contributes to increasing environmental resilience and the social welfare of society. This study aims is to identify the development of an effective waste bank circular economy model through technological innovation. The method used is bibliometric analysis with VOSviewer software. The research results show that the main challenges faced are lack of infrastructure, public awareness, and inadequate regulations in several countries. However, this research also highlights the enormous opportunities offered by circular economy models, such as the creation of new jobs, reduced dependence on non-renewable resources, and increased global competitiveness.
The Effect of the Flight of King Louis XVI to Varennes
Authors: Yassin Ghufran Mohamed , Mahmoud Amar Shaker
Published: January 2025

France is one of the most influential and prominent European countries in the developments of events in modern European history. This research focused on the political aspect, and the subject of studying important political figures who clearly influenced the history of France is chosen, whether at the national or global level. as historical studies aim to reveal the facts that were absent from many and to understand reality better. The history of the entire world has dealt with many figures who played an important role in shaping the historical events that the countries of the world went through, including the figure of the French King Louis XVI, who is at the forefront of the prominent figures in French history during that time and what happened during his reign of the revolution The French world, the life and biography of King Louis XVI, starting from the year in which Louis XVI was born in 1754 AD, in an attempt to know how he grew up and the most important family circumstances he lived during his childhood and the nature of his relationship with his family members and his study to understand the nature of his personality, in addition to his political marriage to Marie Antoinette based on the alliance of France and Austria, until his ascension to the throne after the death of his grandfather Louis XV and his political role as King of France in the successive governments that ruled France from the year (1774 - 1793), and his reform attempts and the influence of foreign and domestic policies, in addition to the factors that led to the outbreak of the French Revolution during his reign and its development until the year 1793 AD, the year in which he was executed and the First French Republic appeared with his death.
HIGHER EDUCATION IN INDIAN PUNJAB: EVALUATING ITS STATUS AND KEY ISSUES
Authors:   Centre for Research in Rural and Industrial Development (CRRID), Chandigarh, India., Kaur Sukhwinder , Singh Sukhvinder ,   Centre for Research in Rural and Industrial Development (CRRID), Chandigarh, India.
Published: January 2025

This study explores the growth of higher education institutes, student enrollment, and faculty growth in Indian Punjab during the post-reform period by analysing secondary data and calculating the Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR). The findings reveal a significant rise in higher education institutions and student enrollments, particularly in professional and technical programs. However, employability of faculty has not increased with the growth in student enrollment, especially in technical and medical courses, which has affected the overall quality of education. The study recommends that there is need to increase the public expenditure, provide financial incentives to the marginalised sections especially in technical/professional courses for their better participation, monitor the performance of the private colleges and their fee structure, and teachers’ recruitments on regular basis to improve the quality and higher education standards in Punjab.
A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY IN RESPECT TO APPRAISAL OF BLUE OCEAN LEADERSHIP STYLE
Authors:   Manipal University Jaipur, Rajasthan, India., Gulati Mehak , Singh Anju ,   Symbiosis School for Online and Digital Learning, India., Mathur Surbhi ,   Manipal University Jaipur, Rajasthan, India., Kaushik Aditi ,   Karnavati University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
Published: January 2025

Managers and leadership activities are at the core of any organization's operation and control is the mechanism she/he offers. Retaining talented employees is crucial for an organization’s sustainable development, and ineffective leadership often leads to employee disengagement. Blue Ocean Leadership tries to bring one significant reform at the fundamental level of leadership, which has the impact on organisations where disengaged work force is the standard. The paper only identifies Blue Ocean Leadership by employing secondary data to contrast it with traditional leadership models, defines the "concept" of Blue Ocean Leadership, and then performs a thorough analysis.
The Use of Humor, Irony, and Metaphors in Everyday Communication: An Exploratory Investigation
Authors: Burgos Marinel , Politico Joan , Vergara Michelle
Published: January 2025

This study explores the role of humor, irony, and metaphors in everyday communication among college students at Mindoro State University (MinSU). These rhetorical strategies are integral to social interactions, helping individuals convey emotions, form connections, and simplify complex ideas. Using an exploratory, qualitative approach, the researchers examined how selected students employ these techniques across various social contexts, including family, friends, and academic settings. Data collection involved in-depth interviews, allowing for analysis of sociolinguistic factors, such as age, gender, and social class, that influence humor, irony, and metaphors. The findings suggest that humor fosters camaraderie, while irony subtly critiques or expresses contradictions, and metaphors enhance comprehension by linking abstract ideas to familiar experiences. Cross-cultural insights reveal unique interpretations of these elements, manifesting the potential for misunderstandings in diverse settings. This research highlights the adaptive nature of these rhetorical tools, revealing how they bridge social gaps, reinforce group identity, and support communication. The study contributes to understanding language use in regional academic settings, offering implications for effective communication and cultural sensitivity in multicultural environments.
Les sorties du texte, ed. Anikó Ádám and Anikó Radvánszky, Paris, L’Harmattan, A propos, 2021.
Authors: Matuz Bence
Published: January 2025

The study titled Les sorties du texte, edited by Anikó Ádám and Anikó Radvánszky, aims to analyze the work of Roland Barthes and the underlying ideas behind it in the light of our current knowledge. Regarding the juxtaposition and the individual elaboration of the various elements of Barthes’ thought system, the method used in this volume mainly follows the methodology used by Barthes in his essay addressing Georges Bataille’s Le gros orteil. This is reflected in the studies with different themes placed directly next to each other, which – though not without some arbitrary simplification – can be grouped into four categories based on their topics: the first examines Barthes’ intellectual and personal presence within the circles of contemporary French and Hungarian intellectuals; the second deals with Barthes’ semiology; the third studies Barthes’ political thinking; and the fourth – through eight different studies – offers a versatile insight into the works of the French author or the general tendencies of his thoughts.
Preface to the review series
Authors: Reuss Gabriella
Published: January 2025

Why a Hungarian History of English Literature, one might ask. Following the fall of the Berlin Wall, as the country’s borders opened, the paradigm of English Studies in Hungary changed: teaching through discussions wrapped in soft pipe smoke late into the night as it used to happen in scholarly or university circles during the Socialist regime was not enough anymore. The then young authors of the volume had to understand that to establish themselves on the international academic stage they need to publish in English journals, and in English. Yet, István Géher (1940–2012), a revered mentor and even father figure to the several present generations of Hungarian scholars insisted that Hungarian scholars should care to publish in Hungarian, for a Hungarian audience.
The Mouth and the Tongue – or the Dictator and the Dentist
Authors: Bonifertné Bodroghi Csilla
Published: January 2025

In this paper I attempt to give a reading of Andrea Tompa’s two novels by examining one chosen chapter from each works, hoping that the investigation will provide insights into the work as a whole. I will approach the text through close reading and examine the poetic and semantic role of the body parts that appear in the text. In The Hangman's House, the focus will be on the mise en abyme and we will have a better understanding of the metaphoric process. In Home, an essayistic travel novel, the interplay of literal and metaphorical meanings and the question of allegory will be raised. The contrast between medical themes and an artistic approach reveals the relationship between language and home, and the strangeness in the own.
(Un)translatability of Metaphors
Authors: Lovizer Lilla
Published: January 2025

The Golden Pot, as Hoffmann’s first and most artistical tale, has also been canonized as his literary ars poetica. Henceforth, the intertextual relationship which connects the work to the popular genres of education- and artist novels of the Goethe Era, especially to Novalis’ experimental novel, Henry von Ofterdingen, is given as the authentic milieu of the interpretation. So far, according to literary reception viewing from this angle, The Golden Pot is regarded to be an education novel, as well as the “caricature of it”, which consequently shows a complex reflection of Hoffmann’s ironic-critical attitude towards the programme of the early German Romanticism. Therefore, the greatest challenge the translator must face, is to imply this ironic relation, which is expressed in multiple layers of linguistic metaphors and in various elements of the German text. The perception of metaphorical meanings and of poetical functions of these elements, i. e. their explications or implications as motifs have a defining value of the work’s literary meaning.
In my presentation, using four different Hungarian editions of The Golden Pot, I would like to draw attention to some of the actual examples of these, yet unsolved translation and interpretation problems, which deprive the Hungarian readers of comprehending all the layers of the meaning in some parts of the text.
Survey on Security for Non-Terrestrial Networks
Authors: Seungbin Lee  , Jiyoon Kim
Published: January 2025

Non-terrestrial networks (NTN) are studied in a way that goes beyond the environmental limitations of existing terrestrial networks. In particular, it ensures connectivity in remote areas, rural areas, and areas where communication infrastructure is insufficient.NTN leverages state-of-the-art space and aviation platforms to provide highly versatile services in domains such as IoT and disaster management. These NTNs are the cornerstone of next-generation communication systems, and at the same time, they are likely to address gaps in the connectivity of communications. In this paper, we examine the latest trends related to the security of NTN, and analyze its network-specific characteristics, methodologies, and challenges. Integrating NTN with the ground infrastructure creates security challenges such as seamless handover management between satellites and ground systems, cyber threats from quantum computers, and development of encryption technologies for IoT environments with limited resources. To address these challenges, this study categorizes NTN security requirements into security requirements that apply to all network operations and security requirements for the inherent vulnerabilities of NTN. According to the analysis of NTN, it highlights the need for Post Quantum encryption algorithm, robust handover security protocol, and lightweight encryption method suitable for the dynamic and resource-limited nature of NTN. Advanced technologies such as AI-based threat detection, blockchain-based mechanisms for data integrity, and adaptive security frameworks are showing the possibility of secure and scalable NTN communication. This paper raises recommendations for the secure integration of NTN with ground network based on the results of a recent comprehensive study. This survey provides direction to aid in the development of standardized security protocol and at the same time provide NTN future oriented communication solution. Addressing these challenges will show the potential of NTN as a key component of the global communication infrastructure in the coming era.
Perbandingan Algoritma C4.5 dengan Naive Bayes Untuk Klasifikasi Curah Hujan
Authors: Martadiansyah Muhamd Wendy , Ghufron Arya , Hidayah Ryan Alfaret , Salzabila Dwi , Amanda Lorenza
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini membandingkan performa algoritma C4.5 dan Naive Bayes dalam mengklasifikasikan curah hujan dengan menggunakan data curah hujan selama 10 tahun di Kecamatan Jatiwangin, Kabupaten Majalengka. Algoritma C4.5, yang berbasis pada pohon keputusan, menunjukkan kemampuan dalam menangani data yang rumit dengan membagi data berdasarkan aturan tertentu. Di sisi lain, Naive Bayes, yang menggunakan pendekatan probabilitas sederhana, memberikan hasil yang sangat tepat. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Naive Bayes memiliki tingkat akurasi 100%, sedangkan C4.5 mencapai 99,83%. Walaupun Naive Bayes lebih unggul dalam hal akurasi, C4.5 lebih mudah dipahami karena tampilannya yang jelas. Penelitian ini memberikan informasi penting dalam memilih algoritma yang tepat untuk klasifikasi curah hujan, tergantung pada kebutuhan akan akurasi atau kemudahan pemahaman.
 
This study compares the performance of the C4.5 and Naive Bayes algorithms in classifying rainfall using rainfall data for 10 years in Jatiwangin District, Majalengka Regency. The C4.5 algorithm, which is based on a decision tree, demonstrates the ability to handle complex data by dividing data based on specific rules. On the other hand, Naive Bayes, who uses a simple probability approach, gives very precise results. The results of this study show that Naive Bayes has an accuracy rate of 100%, while C4.5 reaches 99.83%. While Naive Bayes is superior in terms of accuracy, the C4.5 is easier to understand because of its clear appearance. This study provides important information in choosing the right algorithm for rainfall classification, depending on the need for accuracy or ease of understanding.
Experiencia en la primera ola del COVID-19 en Nefrología de un centro de referencia terciario del Perú
Authors: Gómez-Luján Martín
Published: January 2025

La pandemia COVID-19 causada por el virus SARS-CoV-2 ha causado decenas de miles de muertos en el mundo. Este hecho ha ocasionado el colapso de diferentes sistemas de salud. En el Perú, se declaró la emergencia sanitaria y se determinó el confinamiento en marzo del 2020. Se describe la experiencia en los primeros 60 días de la primera ola de la emergencia sanitaria en el Departamento de Nefrología del Hospital Edgardo Rebagliati Martins, EsSALUD en Lima-Perú. Inicialmente se suspendió la consulta externa y los procedimientos; la atención se realizó a través de la consulta de atención inmediata y telemedicina. Se disminuyó el número de atenciones médicas, se mantuvo la atención del servicio de hemodiálisis, no se realizaron colocaciones de catéteres para diálisis peritoneal ni trasplantes renales. El equipo de nefrólogos contribuyó a las atenciones en primera línea en las áreas COVID-19 y se inició la educación médica de forma educación virtual.
Analisis Mekanisme Kerja Citra Radar dalam Mengukur Curah Hujan Terhadap Produktivitas Pertanian pada Tanaman
Authors: Mayasari Sinta , Wahyuni Nilta , Sudarti Sudarti , Mahmudi Kendid , Selviandri Indah
Published: January 2025

Musim hujan merupakan salah satu musim yang memiliki ciri dalam meningkatnya curah hujan pada suatu daerah yang terjadi dalam kurun waktu tertentu akan tetapi terjadi secara konsisten (tetap). Sedangkan curah hujan adalah potensi banyaknya hujan yang turun di suatu wilayah tertentu. Hujan memiliki peranan yang sangat penting dalam keberlangsungan hidup manusia seperti dibidang pertanian, hidrologi, dan bidang lainnya. Tujuan dari pelaksanaan penelitian ini yaitu supaya dapat mengetahui mekanisme pengaruh curah hujan yang diamati dengan menggunakan sistem citra radar terhadap produktivitas pertanian pada tanaman. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian non eksperimen dengan metode studi literatur. Citra radar merupakan alat penginderaan jarak jauh yang salah satu fungsinya untuk memprediksi curah hujan disuatu wilayah tertentu. Prinsip dari citra radar menggunakan sensor gelombang elektromagnetik yang lebih panjang sehingga dapat menggambarkan sebuah potensi dari besarnya intensitas curah hujan yang terdeteksi oleh radar cuaca. Dengan analisis tersebut, manusia dapat memanfaatkannya untuk memperkirakan pertumbuhan dari berbagai jenis tanaman sehingga dapat meningkatkan produktivitas.
Kata Kunci: Curah Hujan, Citra Radar, Produktifitas Pertanian.
KARAKTERISTIK BOBA OKRA MERAH DAN OKRA HIJAU DENGAN PENAMBAHAN PERBEDAAN TEPUNG SAGU DAN TEPUNG MAIZENA
Authors: Haryanto Adhiwono Enrico Valent , Fitriyana Vicha , Nur Laila Eka , Muflihati Iffah , Suhendriani Sari
Published: January 2025

Boba, atau bubble tea pearls, adalah makanan yang populer dengan tekstur kenyal yang dihasilkan dari campuran pati dan bahan pengikat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan boba dengan memanfaatkan okra merah dan okra hijau sebagai bahan tambahan, serta mengeksplorasi pengaruh penambahan tepung sagu dan tepung maizena dalam proporsi yang berbeda terhadap karakteristik tekstur boba yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua jenis okra yaitu okra merah dan okra hijau, dalam formulasi adonan boba yang dikombinasikan dengan tepung sagu dan tepung maizena dengan rasio yang bervariasi: tepung sagu 80% dan tepung maizena 20%, serta tepung sagu 90% dan tepung maizena 10%. Okra merah menghasilkan boba dengan warna kemerahan yang khas, sedangkan okra hijau memberikan warna hijau yang lebih cerah. Boba yang menggunakan tepung sagu 80% dan tepung maizena 20% menunjukkan tekstur yang lebih lembut dan kenyal dibandingkan dengan boba yang menggunakan tepung sagu 90% dan tepung maizena 10%, yang cenderung keras dan lebih kaku. Mucilage dari okra berkontribusi pada peningkatan kekenyalan, sementara perbedaan proporsi tepung sagu dan tepung maizena mempengaruhi tingkat kekakuan boba.
Adsorption Power of Palm Shell Activated Carbon (Elaeis Guineensis) in the Filtration Process of Water Treatment
Authors: Mawardi Rifqi , Hermansyah Fahnur  , M. Ilham Nurdin  , Setyo Erna Widiyanti
Published: January 2025

Dampak dari pencemaran air dapat menyebabkan terjadinya ketidakseimbangan ekosistem dan dapat sebagai pembawa penyakit menular. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan penjernihan terhadap air sebelum digunakan untuk meningkatkan kualitas air. Salah satu yang dapat digunakan untuk penjernihan air adalah karbon aktif cangkang kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan laju alir yang optimal dalam menurunkan Total Suspended Solid (TSS) dan Timbal (Pb) pada proses fiiltrasi pengolahan air. Penelitian ini meliputi proses karbonisasi, aktivasi, filtrasi, dan pengujian. Metode karbonisasi menggunakan drum pembakaran pada suhu ±350oC selama ±2 jam. Cangkang kelapa sawit diaktivasi dengan H3PO4 3M. Tahap filtrasi menggunakan karbon aktif massa sebesar 30 gram dan variasi laju alir 30, 40, 60, 80 dan 100 mL/jam. Filtrasi dilakukan selama 1 jam dan pengambilan sampel setiap interval 10 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa laju alir 40 mL/menit optimal untuk menurunkan TSS dan filtrasi dengan laju alir 30 mL/menit optimal untuk menurunkan Pb.
IMPROVEMENT OF BIODEGRADABLE FOAM (BIOFOAM) CHARACTERISTICS FROM UWI TUBER (Dioscorea Alata) AND RICE STRAW CELLULOSE WITH THE ADDITION OF CHITOSAN
Authors: Rezky Nurfatihah Rezky , Hardiansyah  , Ir. Zulmanwardi  , Setyo Erna Widiyanti
Published: January 2025

Selama masih ada kehidupan maka manusia tidak bisa terlepas dari penggunaan plastik, khususnya styrofoam. Hal tersebut disebabkan karena manusia yang serba praktis dan memilih styrofoam digunakan sebagai bahan pengemas produk makanan ataupun minuman sekali pakai, baik makanan segar, olahan, maupun siap saji. Penggunaan plastik selalu bertambah tiap tahunnya. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan karena plastik merupakan limbah yang tidak dapat diuraikan oleh alam. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, maka dilakukan alternatif untuk menghasilkan kemasan yang ramah lingkungan yaitu biodegradable foam (Biofoam) yang terbuat dari bahan alami seperti pati yang dapat terurai secara alami oleh mikroba di dalam tanah. Tujuan penelitian ini 1) Menguji pengaruh penambahan polyvinil alkohol (PVOH) dan kitosan pada pembuatan biodegradable foam; 2) Menganalisis daya serap air, kuat tarik, masa urai (biodegradasi), uji FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra Red) dan SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) pada biodegradable foam. Metode penelitian ini diawali dengan pembuatan biofoam yang terbuat dari pati umbi uwi dan selulosa Jerami padi dan bahan pendukung lainnya dengan memperhatikan variasi rasio bahan. Pembuatan biofoam menggunakan metode thermopressing, sedangkan kualitas dari biofoam dianalisis melaui beberapa pengujian seperti uji daya serap air, uji kuat tarik, uji FTIR, uji SEM, dan uji biodegradabilitas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa  1) Pengaruh penambahan PVOH dan kitosan pada pembuatan Biodegradable Foam (Biofoam) memperbaiki tekstur permukaan menjadi lebih halus, dapat dilihat pada analisis SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy), dan dapat  meningkatkan kuat tarik yaitu sebesar 3,16 N/mm2 pada rasio 35%:25% serta menurunkan daya serap air sebesar 16,815% pada rasio 25%:25%; 2) Berdasarkan hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan diperoleh daya serap air dikisaran 16,8% - 144,9%, kuat tarik dikisaran 0,24 N/mm2 -3,16 N/mm2, dan terurai pada hari ke -14 dengan %weight loss 87, 3084%. Selain itu, melalui uji FTIR diketahui bahwa gugus fungsi yang mendominasi biofoam adalah Alkana, Alkohol, Eter, Asam Karboksilat, Ester, Amina, dan Amida. Gugus-gugus tersebut merupakan gugus gabungan dari perpaduan bahan yang digunakan dalam pembuatan biofoam.
Kata Kunci: Biofoam, Umbi Uwi, Jerami Padi, Kitosan.
Penjadwalan Mata Kuliah Otomatis Menggunakan Algoritma Late Acceptance Hill-Climbing Hyper-Heuristics dengan Domain Permasalahan ITC
Authors: Fadhilla Cut Alna
Published: January 2025

Permasalahan penjadwalan mata kuliah merupakan topik yang sangat menarik untuk diselesaikan dikarenakan termasuk salah satu permasalahan NP-hard, dimana belum ada algoritma konvensional eksak yang mampu menyelesaikannya dalam waktu polinomial. International Timetabling Competition adalah kompetisi yang diadakan khusus untuk permasalahan penjadwalan mata kuliah. Kompetisi yang sudah diadakan keempat kalinya ini terus memberikan tantangan yang berbeda dalam penyelesaian masalah untuk mendapatkan solusinya. Tujuan permasalahan penjadwalan mata kuliah pada International Timetabling Competition adalah untuk meminimalkan biaya yang dikeluarkan pada semua konten permasalahan. Terdapat dua permasalahan mata kuliah secara umum yang akan diselesaikan. Pertama adalah menjadwalkan mata kuliah pada waktu dan ruang yang telah disediakan dan kedua adalah membagi mahasiswa kepada kelas-kelas yang  telah terjadwal. Selain itu terdapat pula batasan yang harus dipenuhi akan menjadi tantangan dalam menyelesaikan masalah ini. Beberapa penelitian untuk melakukan penyelesaian permasalahan penjadwalan mata kuliah telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan berbagai macam algoritma. Terdapat beberapa algoritma yang dapat digunakan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan penjadwalan mata kuliah, salah satunya adalah algoritma Late acceptance hill climbing dengan menggunakan pendekatan Hyper-heuristics. Algoritma ini yang akan dipilih untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan penjadwalan mata kuliah menggunakan dataset dari International Timetabling Competition. Hasil luaran yang diharapkan dari pengerjaan penelitian ini adalah daftar jadwal mata kuliah dan daftar mahasiswa yang mengambil mata kuliah tersebut dengan memenuhi batasan-batasan yang telah ditetapkan sehingga hasil dari luaran tersebut dapat menjadi solusi untuk penyelesaian permasalahan penjadwalan mata kuliah dari domain permasalahan International Timetabling Competition yang kompetitif dengan hasil dari algoritma benchmark.
Git
Authors: Hernandez Lopez Lopez
Published: January 2025

Esta es una guía completa para principiantes de Git. Hay muchos clientes para Git. La tecnología es la misma sin importar el cliente. Pero en esta guía usaremos GitHub para entender Git.
Disfuncionalidad Familiar y su Impacto en el Rendimiento Académico de Estudiantes de Psicopedagogía
Authors: Betancourt Zambrano Vanessa , Fernández Murillo Alexandra Beatriz , Paula Molina Karen Andrea , Veliz Villavicencio Ana Mayerli
Published: January 2025

Este estudio investiga la influencia de la disfuncionalidad familiar en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de Psicopedagogía en la Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo. Su objetivo principal es comprender cómo las dinámicas familiares impactan la salud emocional y el desempeño académico de los jóvenes. Para ello, se utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo, aplicando encuestas a una muestra representativa de 38% de estudiantes con el fin de recopilar datos sobre su entorno familiar y su rendimiento académico. Los resultados indican que los estudiantes que provienen de hogares con conflictos frecuentes y escaso apoyo emocional presentan altos niveles de estrés y ansiedad. Estas condiciones afectan negativamente su capacidad de concentración y motivación, lo que se traduce en un bajo rendimiento académico. Este hallazgo resalta la importancia del entorno familiar en el desarrollo integral de los estudiantes, evidenciando la necesidad de un ambiente más saludable y de apoyo.A partir de estos resultados, se propone una intervención basada en talleres semanales que buscan fortalecer habilidades socioemocionales, mejorar la comunicación familiar y fomentar el apoyo entre los estudiantes. Las conclusiones sugieren que abordar la disfuncionalidad familiar no solo tiene el potencial de mejorar el rendimiento académico, sino también de promover el bienestar emocional de los jóvenes. Las implicancias de este trabajo subrayan la necesidad de implementar programas de intervención psicoeducativa en contextos educativos, con el objetivo de apoyar el desarrollo emocional y académico de los estudiantes, contribuyendo así a su formación integral y éxito en el futuro, lo cual es esencial para su desarrollo personal y profesional.
KONSEP SMART ECONOMY DALAM SUDUT PANDANG EKONOMI ISLAM
Authors: Nur Hesthria  , Rosyada  , Sri Delasmi Jayanti
Published: January 2025

Smart economy merupakan salah satu unsur dari Smart City yang merupakan suatu konsep yang membuat suatu kemajuan pada negara Indonesia melalui program inovasi kreatif didasari melaui konsep revolusi industry 4.0. penelitian ini bertujuan memahami penerapan ekonomi islam dalam pengimplementasian smart economy di Negara Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literature. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bersumber dari artikel-artikel, jurnal, koran, majalah dan buku. Hasil dari penelitian ini memberikan pemahaman kepada masyarakat mengenai bagaimana smart economy penerapan smart economy yang sebaiknya dijalankan melalui pembangunannya yang terencana dan berkelanjutan, manajemen dan administrasi yang efektif dalam konteks perubahan iklim yang lebih luas  dan ekonomi global yang  hadir secara cepat sehingga dapat meningkatkan daya saing serta menemukan cara baru untuk menangani masalah kemiskinan, ketidakberuntungan sosial, dan lingkungan yang buruk untuk dihadapi. Hal ini menjadi penguat keberadaan implementasi smart economy dalam sudut pandang islam yang telah ditetapkan oleh MUI yakni penerapan uang elektronik Syariah.
TRANSFORMING ECONOMIES: NAVIGATING GLOBAL CHALLENGES IN THE DIGITAL ERA
Authors: Muhamad Rahman Bayumi  , Dur Brutu  , Ria Agustina  , Rizal Alfit Jaya
Published: January 2025

The rapid digital transformation has significantly reshaped the global economy, introducing both opportunities and challenges. This study aims to analyze the impact of digital transformation on economic development, particularly in addressing contemporary global issues such as climate change, economic inequality, and post-pandemic recovery. Utilizing a qualitative approach, this research relies on secondary data analysis from scientific articles, global reports, and case studies of both developed and developing countries. The findings reveal that countries with high levels of technology adoption experience faster economic growth but face persistent digital divides. Digitalization is also identified as a catalyst for sustainable development, offering innovative solutions in sectors such as education, health, and e-commerce. However, addressing infrastructure gaps, digital literacy, and policy frameworks remains crucial. This study highlights the importance of inclusive and collaborative strategies to ensure that digital transformation supports resilience and sustainability in the global economy.
ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫЕ РАСТЕНИЯ ТРОПИЧЕСКИХ И СУБТРОПИЧЕСКИХ РЕГИОНОВ
Authors: Мамадалиевич Гаппаров Абдулатиф
Published: January 2025

Растения тропической зоны растут в наиболее благоприятных (тропических) климатических условиях и отличаются от растений других зон рядом других особенностей. В центральной части субтропического пояса климат континентальный, температура варьируется как зимой, так и летом. Такие места называются сурутскими субтропиками. Жизнь растений здесь аналогична жизни пустынных растений.
Entrepreneurial Abilities, Prospects, and Intention of Chinese Local College StudentsEntrepreneurial Abilities, Prospects, and Intention of Chinese Local College Students
Authors: Song Xiaoyan
Published: January 2025

In recent years, the issue of entrepreneurship among college students has received increasing attention, especially in China, which is related to social stability and economic development. Effectively improving students' entrepreneurship education is crucial for enhancing their overall quality, but their entrepreneurial abilities, prospects, and intentions need to be continuously evaluated and improved.
This study investigated the relationship between innovation and entrepreneurship abilities, entrepreneurial prospects, and entrepreneurial intentions of college students in local universities in China, and investigated the significant differences and correlations between variables such as gender, family location, and major on their entrepreneurial abilities, entrepreneurial prospects, and entrepreneurial intentions.
The research results indicate a significant positive correlation between entrepreneurial ability, entrepreneurial prospects, and entrepreneurial intention. Research has found that factors such as age and major can affect entrepreneurial ability. Based on this, an improvement plan has been proposed to enhance innovation and entrepreneurship education, which includes education in various aspects such as innovation and entrepreneurship thinking, comprehensive practical abilities, resource integration skills, and leadership. These measures aim to promote the improvement of students' entrepreneurial abilities and have better entrepreneurial prospects.
Student-Reported Teaching Behavior and Well-Being In Chinese Higher Education Institutions
Authors: Xiang Li
Published: January 2025

With the advancement of educational reforms and a growing emphasis on student well-being in Chinese Higher Education, understanding the relationship between student-reported teaching behaviors and well-being has become essential. This study investigated teaching behaviors reported by 382 Physical Education students and their well-being at a Chinese Higher Education Institution to propose an action plan for enhancement.
The study described the respondents' profiles and assessed teaching behaviors (instructional, socio-emotional, organizational) and well-being factors (positive attitudes, physical complaints, academic self-concept, social problems, worries, enjoyment). Statistical tools such as ANOVA, T-test, and Pearson r were used to analyze the data.
Results showed that students rated instructional behavior highest, followed by socio-emotional behavior, with organizational behavior rated lowest, indicating effective content delivery and emotional support but a need for improvement in organizational aspects. Well-being indicators such as positive attitudes and enjoyment were high, but moderate levels of physical complaints and worries were noted. Significant differences in teaching behaviors and well-being were found based on sex and grade level, with effective instructional and socio-emotional behaviors strongly linked to positive well-being indicators, while poor organizational behavior correlated with increased complaints and worries.
The study concluded that improving organizational aspects of teaching can significantly enhance the well-being of Physical Education students. An action plan was proposed to focus on teacher development and support for students' socio-emotional needs.
COMPARISON BETWEEN MAGNETIC RESONANCE CHOLANGIO-PANCREATOGRAPHY AND ULTRASOUND FOR DIAGNOSING PATIENTS WITH PANCREATIC TUMOR
Authors: Ghaffar Werdah , Tahira Batool
Published: January 2025

Background: Pancreatic cancer poses a significant challenge due to its late diagnosis and poor prognosis. Early and precise detection is essential to improving outcomes. Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and Ultrasound (US) are widely used imaging modalities, each with distinct advantages and limitations. Comparative studies focusing on their diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for pancreatic cancers remain limited, necessitating further evaluation to determine their relative effectiveness in clinical practice.
Objective: To evaluate and compare the diagnostic performance of MRCP and US in the detection of pancreatic cancers, with a focus on their relative accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in General Hospital, Services Hospital, and Jinnah Hospital in Lahore, involving 160 patients with suspected pancreatic cancers who underwent MRCP and US. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 27. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including the chi-square test, were used to assess associations between imaging, clinical, and demographic variables, with significance set at p < 0.05. Diagnostic accuracy, patient comfort, and cost were compared across modalities.
Results: MRCP demonstrated higher diagnostic accuracy, detecting pancreatic tumors in 46.88% of cases (mean detection score 1.21, SD ± 0.41) compared to US, which detected tumors in 46.88% of cases (mean detection score 1.74, SD ± 0.44). MRCP was particularly effective in visualizing tumors in the pancreatic head (34.38%), with superior sensitivity (99%) and specificity (99%) compared to US (sensitivity 80%, specificity 99%). MRCP had higher image quality ratings (mean 3.83, SD ± 1.83) compared to US (mean 1.73, SD ± 1.55). However, US scored better on patient comfort (mean 1.73, SD ± 0.44) versus MRCP (mean 1.68, SD ± 1.5). Cost analysis showed MRCP was more expensive (10,000 PKR) than US (1,500–2,000 PKR). Significant associations were found between imaging modality, tumor detection accuracy (p = 0.017), and patient comfort (p = 0.014).
Conclusion: MRCP demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy, particularly for small or complex lesions, while US was effective for initial screening due to accessibility and patient comfort. A multimodal approach combining US for screening and MRCP for confirmation is recommended. Future studies should explore integrating MRCP with advanced imaging techniques like Endoscopic Ultrasonography (EUS) and involve larger, more diverse populations to enhance diagnostic precision and clinical utility.
Mesure de l’exposition aux champs électromagnétiques d’extrêmement basses fréquences sur des personnes vivant sous les lignes THT dans la ville de Kinshasa
Authors: MAVUDILA KONGO Romain , BUVEKA NGOMA , MAVUDILA KISALA Rigobert , BALOW'A KALONJI KAMUNA Ignace
Published: January 2025

La présente étude a pour objectif de mesurer l’exposition aux champs électromagnétiques d’extrêmement basses fréquences (CEM EBF) sur des personnes vivant sous les lignes THT dans la ville de Kinshasa. Pour y arriver, nous avons mené une enquête transversale descriptive auprès d’un échantillon de 30 habitations éparpillées dans quatre communes de la ville de KINSHASA. Les résultats obtenus révèlent que les mesures des CEM EBF prélevées au niveau de ces habitations montrent que pour des personnes vivant sous les lignes THT, 20% des personnes âgées de moins de 6 ans sont exposées depuis plus au moins 10 ans. Par ailleurs, les mesures des champs magnétiques effectuées indiquent que les enfants sont exposés à un champ magnétique moyen de 1,15 ???????? dans l’axe de la ligne et 0,46 ???????? à 30 m de la ligne dans chacune de ces maisons. Ce qui donne des valeurs au moins 3 fois supérieures aux normes fixées par l’OMS.
CORRELATIVE ASPECTS OF HEADACHE AND REFRACTIVE ANOMALIES IN SCHOOL-AGE CHILDREN
Authors: Aghayeva Turkan , Nasrullayeva Naida , Mirzoyeva Tamilla
Published: January 2025

Purpose – to investigate the relationship between headaches and refractive anomalies and to evaluate their clinical significance.
Materials and methods
The research included 203 children, aged 6 to 17 years, categorized into three age groups. The children underwent comprehensive ophthalmological and neurological evaluations, and the occurrence of headaches was recorded based on The International Classification of Headache Disorders 3rd edition (ICHD-3) criteria. Types of refractive anomalies were identified, and the data were analyzed using statistical methods to determine the relationship between specific types of refractive anomalies and the prevalence of headaches.
Results
The results revealed a significant correlation between refractive anomalies and headaches, particularly in children with astigmatism. Among children with hypermetropic astigmatism, 54.1% reported experiencing headaches, the highest percentage in this study. Children with hypermetropia had a headache occurrence of 40.6%, while those with myopia had a slightly higher incidence of 42.9%. Overall, astigmatism was the most strongly associated with headaches. Myopic astigmatism is characterized by the presence of this type of headache in 40% of patients, which is comparable to the data on hypermetropia. The study highlights the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of refractive anomalies, as delayed or incorrect vision correction can significantly increase the risk of vision problems and headaches. The findings are consistent with existing literature, highlighting astigmatism as the most significant risk factor for headaches in children with refractive anomalies.
Conclusion
Early detection and management of refractive errors in children are crucial for preventing headaches and improving their quality of life. Further research is appropriate to explore additional factors that contribute to the occurrence of headaches in this age group.

Key words: headache, refractive anomalies, astigmatism
THE ROLE OF OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY ANGIOGRAPHY IN ASSESSING THE EFFECT OF SILICONE OIL TAMPONADE ON THE MICROCIRCULATION OF THE RETINA AND OPTIC NERVE HEAD AFTER VITRECTOMY (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Gasimov Elmar , Haji Inara
Published: January 2025

Silicone oil is widely used as a tamponade method for such vitreoretinal diseases as proliferative diabetic retinopathy and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, but in some cases does not provide complete functional restoration of the retina and visual functions. Unexplained visual disturbances, structural changes, and microcirculatory changes following silicone oil tamponade (SOT) have been reported in the literature. A literature search revealed numerous studies examining optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) characteristics of the retinal capillary network in eyes with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment after vitrectomy with SOT, indicating the potential deleterious effects of silicone oil on retinal tissue.
Available data demonstrate quantitative vascular changes in the macula and peripapillary capillary plexus. It should be noted that there is a discrepancy between changes in microcirculation in different regions of the retina, which may be due to different origins of microvessels. Changes in the retinal microcirculation may provide insight into the pathophysiology underlying structural and functional changes in SOT eyes, including unexplained vision loss.
Studying the characteristics of OCTA has contributed to the search for useful biomarkers that contribute to the overall postoperative approach and have important implications for improving the ability to counsel patients regarding prognosis. OCTA measurements may serve as useful indicators of the effect of SOT on retinal and peripapillary microcirculation. This information is highly relevant to clinical practice, as changes in blood flow may be predictive of postoperative functional outcome.

Key words: silicone oil tamponade, optical coherence tomography angiography, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, peripapillary microcirculation
ANALYSIS OF EYE TRAUMA OVER THE 5 YEARS BASED ON THE DATABASE OF THE NATIONAL OPHTHALMOLOGY CENTRE NAMED AFTER ACADEMICIAN ZARIFA ALIYEVA
Authors: Gasimov Elmar , Bayramova Humay
Published: January 2025

Purpose – to analyze the frequency of occurrence, the structure and dynamics of ophthalmic injuries based on patients referrals to the National Ophthalmology Centre named after Academician Zarifa Aliyeva (NOC).
Material and methods
Based on NOC reporting forms according to outpatient (form №25) and inpatient cards (form f-003/u) for 2019-2023. The dynamics of the incidence of injuries to the organ of vision and the indicator of the structure of ophthalmic injuries, gender and age characteristics of appealability were studied. According statistical reporting, the age of the patients was standardized into two categories: “0-18 years” and “over 18 years”. Statistical data processing was carried out using the MSO Excel software package.
Results
According to statistics, over the years there has been a decrease in the number of patient visits and hospitalizations with eye injuries. On average, 72.9±5.8% of all applied patients were men. In 2022-2023, there is a growing trend in the proportion of women with eye injuries. The proportion of household injuries is statistically significantly higher among the age category “0-18 years” compared to older patients. An increase in the proportion of eye injuries indicates the need to take effective measures to work with the population in order to reduce ophthalmic injuries in general.
Conclusion
The material obtained in this work dictates the need for a more detailed study of not only the causes of injuries to the organ of vision among patients who applied, but also the timeliness of treatment, the structure and type of the injury, its possible complications due to the development of a secondary infection, etc.

Key words: ophthalmic injuries, structure of ophthalmic traumatism, National Ophthalmology Centre named after Academician Zarifa Aliyeva