bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Attitudes of surgical nurses toward postoperative opioid use: A qualitative study
Authors: Şen Sevim , Usta Esra , Aygin Dilek
Published: August 2020

Aim: This study was aimed to investigate the attitudes of surgical nurses toward postoperative opioid use. Method: The descriptive phenomenological study consists of 30 surgical nurses in two hospitals in Turkey.  Data were collected by semi-structured face to face interviews. Data analyses were done by qualitative theme analysis.  Findings: As a result of the theme analysis, six themes related to surgical nurses' attitudes of postoperative opioid analgesic use were identified. These themes are named as follows: primary indications for opioids, safest route for opioid administration, complications observed following opioid administration, opioid addiction, opioid safety, feeling stressed while administrating opioids. Nurses (13/30) stated that intravenous way is safer as it affects fast, and it is easy to control; while 12 nurses said that intramuscular application is safer as there are few possibilities for complications. While all of the nurses were agreed on that opioids are addictive, eighteen of them think that opioid drugs are safe, and 16 stated that administering opioids did not create stress. Conclusions: Nurses face some obstacles related to the use of opioids in the process of pain management, such as the abuse of opioids and encountering side effects. Pain management and opioid use should be given a great place in nursing education.
Effect of Devices and Driving Pressures on Energy Requirements and Mass Transfer Coefficient on Microalgae Lipid Extraction Assisted by Hydrodynamic Cavitation
Authors: Setyawan Martomo , Mulyono Panut , Sutijan Sutijan , Pradana Yano Surya , Prasakti Laras , Budiman Arief
Published: August 2020

Previous studies of biodiesel production from microalgae have concluded that microalgal biodiesel is not profitable at an industrial scale due to its excessive energy consumption for lipid extraction. Hydrodynamic cavitation lipid extraction is one of the extraction methods which has lower energy consumption. Thismethod enables a fast extraction rate and low energy consumption for cell disruption. In order to achieve optimum process conditions, several influential parameters, which are cavitation generator geometry and driving pressure, need to be scrutinized. The experimental result showed that the maximum yield was obtained at 5 bar driving pressure. The lowest specific extraction energy was obtained at 4.167 bar driving pressure while using one side concave cavitation generator geometry with the ratio of the reduced cross-sectional area of 0.39. The value of the energy extraction requirement 17.79 kJoule/g lipids is less than the biodiesel heating value, and the value of the volumetric mass transfer coefficient is almost 20 times fold greater than the conventional extraction method, therefore this method is promising to be further developed.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KONSUMEN AIR MINUM ISI ULANG OLEH DINAS KESEHATAN DI KABUPATEN SLAWI
Authors: Aziz Aminudin , Prananingtyas Paramita , Irawati Irawati
Published: August 2020

Sebagian produk air minum isi ulang tersebut tidak aman sebagai air minum karena tidak memenuhi standar, seperti mengandung kuman penyebab penyakit (patogen). Dengan ditemukannya bakteri dalam air minum isi ulang yang dapat menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan bagi konsumen yang mengkonsumsinya, maka perlindungan terhadap konsumen isi ulang dianggap penting guna melindungi hak-hak sebagai konsumen. Kondisi tersebut menimbulkan beberapa masalah seperti kualitas air minum isi ulang dan bentuk perlindungan hukum terhdap konsumen. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis empiris. Kualitas air minum isi ulang khususnya di Kecamatan Slawi Kabupaten Tegal sudah bisa dikatakan baik, karena sebagian besar pelaku usaha depot air minum isi ulang yang ada sudah mendaftarkan depotnya ke Dinas Kesehatan, dengan terlebih dahulu lulus dalam hal uji kualitas air minum, uji bakteriologi, dan uji kimia pada Dinas Kesehatan dan mendapatkan surat layak sehat dari Dinas Kesehatan. Dan pelaksanaan perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen air minum isi ulang berkaitan dengan penerapan standar mutu pada air minum isi ulang, di lakukan dengan adanya nomor MD nomor registrasi produk makanan dan minuman dalam negeri dan SNI yang berkaitan dengan kualitas suatu produk.
UPAYA PREVENTIF DALAM RANGKA PENGAWASAN TERHADAP APBD MELALUI PENJARINGAN ASPIRASI MASYARAKAT OLEH DPRD
Authors: Setiyowati Lis , Ispriyarso Budi
Published: August 2020

Fungsi DPRD yaitu pembentukan perda, anggaran, dan pengawasan berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2014 dengan menjaring aspirasi masyarakat. Banyaknya kasus korupsi dalam penyelewengan anggaran Pemerintah Daerah menunjukkan belum maksimalnya pengawasan oleh DPRD. Artikel ini bertujuan menganalisis bagaimana cara yang tepat penjaringan aspirasi masyarakat yang dapat dilakukan oleh DPRD sehingga menjadi upaya preventif dalam kerangka pengawasan terhadap APBD sesuai amanah Undang-Undang. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan yuridis normatif dengan statute approach dan conceptual approach. Hasil Penelitian yang dapat diambil adalah penjaringan aspirasi masyarakat dapat di awal sebelum pembahasan RAPBD maupun dalam pelaksanaan APBD. Cara yang dapat dilakukan yaitu dengan musrenbang (Musyawarah Perencanaan Pembangunan), maksimalisasi media online, media cetak, Focus Group Discussion, atau turun ke masyarakat secara langsung, menggunakan masa reses maupun mengoptimalkan peran dari lembaga institusi lokal non pemerintahan seperti Lembaga Swadaya Masyarakat, organisasi kemasyarakatan dan partai politik.
KEBIJAKAN PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA KORPORASI TERHADAP PEMBERANTASAN TINDAK PIDANA KORUPSI
Authors: Alhakim Abdurrakhman , Soponyono Eko
Published: August 2020

Perkembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi serta arus globalisasi yang sudah tidak terbendung dewasa ini, tidak hanya menimbulkan dampak positif tetapi juga seringkali menimbulkan dampak negatif misalnya dengan adanya “globalisasi kejahatan” dan berkembangnya kualitas (modus operandi) dan kuantitas tindak pidana oleh korporasi. Permasalahan dalam artikel ini adalah bagaimana pertanggungjawaban hukum pidana korporasi dalam upaya penanggulangan tindak pidana korporasi pada saat ini dan bagaimana pertanggungjawaban hukum pidana korporasi dalam upaya penanggulangan tindak pidana korupsi pada masa yang akan datang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah yuridis normatif. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa dalam kebijakan pertanggungjawaban pidana korporasi dalam upaya penanggulangan tindak pidana korporasi dalam upaya penanggulangan tindak pidana korupsi pada saat ini terdapat beberapa kelemahan mengenai kapan korporasi melakukan tindak pidana korupsi dan masalah sanksi pidana. Oleh karena itu untuk kebijakan pertanggungjawaban pidana korporasi pada masa yang akan datang menjelaskan ketentuan tersebut dan penegak hukum dapat menerapkannya.
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pekerja Migran Sektor Informal dalam Perspektif Teori Bekerjanya Hukum di Masyarakat
Authors: Rosalina Henny Natasha , Setyawanta Lazarus Tri
Published: August 2020

Perlindungan dan pemenuhan hak pekerja migran Indonesia merupakan tanggung jawab yang harus dilakukan pemerintah bersama lembaga dan badan-badan yang berwenang. Pelindungan dan pemenuhan hak secara khusus ditujukan kepada pekerja migran Indonesia di sektor informal yang bekerja sebagai pekerja rumah tangga karena mereka rentan sekali mendapatkan perlakuan berupa kekerasan, penyiksaan, dan penghukuman. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efektifitas pelindungan dan pemenuhan hak pekerja migran Indonesia berdasarkan Teori Bekerjanya Hukum di Masyarakat didalam UU No.18 Tahun 2017. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian yuridis normatif, dimana berbasis pendekatan undang-undang dan pendekatan kasus. Hasil penelitian ini bahwa aturan hukum yang telah disempurnakan didalam UU No.18 Tahun 2017 memiliki aturan hukum yang jelas. Seringnya persoalan yang muncul terhadap pekerja migran Indonesia disebabkan karena kelalaian dari pemerintah maupun lembaga dalam memberikan pelindungan dan pemenuhan hak serta sikap masyarakat dalam menyaring informasi yang tepat. Sikap masyarakat harus dibarengi dengan pantauan dan kerjasama oleh pemerintah dan lembaga, karena masyarakat, baik mereka calon pekerja migran, pekerja migran,dan keluarganya secara khusus di sektor informal, masih rentan menjadi korban oleh pihak tidak bertanggung jawab.
Aniridia, Gonadoblastoma, Wilms' Tumor and Deletion 11p13
Authors: Stefan Hvězdoslav , Semecký Vladimír
Published: August 2020

An incidence of bilateral gonadoblastoma in a 23-month old, mentally retarded boy with congenital sporadic aniridia, undescended dysgenetic testes, deletion of a chromosome (11) (p1302p14.2) and a later occurring unilateral Wilms' tumor is reported. The patient was treated by bilateral gonadectomy, nephrectomy, and chemotherapy, and is alive and well five years later. Another three aniridia/gonablastoma observations from the literature are discussed, two of them without and one in combination with Wilms' tumor. Diagnosis of gonadoblastoma remained unsuspected in two cases until autopsy and in another two cases it was done at surgery. A comparison of four cases reveals common finding - aniridia, dysgentic gonads, genital abnormalities, mental retardation, deletion of 11p13, early occurrence and bilaterality of gonadoblastoma.
Co-Production in Local Public Service Delivery: The Case of Waste Management
Authors: Di Liddo Giuseppe , Vinella Annalisa
Published: August 2020

In a simple model of waste management, we analyse the basic aspects of co-production in local public service delivery. Our results suggest that citizen involvement may lead to an expansion of the production possibility frontier, if waste sorting is made sufficiently convenient, relative to work, through an appropriate tax policy. However, by diverting time away from work, this policy may trigger a tax base erosion phenomenon. We find that the incentive power of the tax should be high (low) when local preferences for the service are very high (low) relative to local incomes. In the intermediate situation, two cases arise. First, when preferences are (not very) low relative to incomes, taxation should pursue resource collection purposes and be deprived of its incentive effects. Second, when preferences are middle-to-high relative to incomes, the trade-off between incentive provision and tax base erosion causes the optimal tax rate to first increase, then decrease.
La voix et la lettre dans les romans arthuriens de la seconde moitié du XIIe siècle
Authors: James-Raoul Danièle
Published: August 2020

The perplexing question of the interrelations between hearing and sight looms large in the verse novel of the second half of the twelfth century, a newly promoted genre of literary fiction, no longer sung but written and intended for public reading in small circles, it seems, permanently shaped by the written word, yet brought to life by a fleeting voice. In what is commonly and sometimes abusively referred to as the Arthurian romance in verse of the second half of the twelfth century – the Arthurian part of Wace’s romance of Brut (in fact, a text between the chronicle and the romance in terms of style), the romances of Chrétien de Troyes, the romances of Tristan by Thomas and Béroul – the ‘soundtrack’ of the Arthurian literary world is poor: the human voice in particular, the sole focus of my study, is rarely mentioned, while discourse proliferates. For multiple reasons, above all because it is an acoustic phenomenon of physiological origin which is linked to breathing, the voice, as an undeniable vital force, seems to be stifled: this is what will be examined to start with. The paradoxes haunting the voice need to be addressed and assessed. In fact, it is as if vocality gave way to a rustle of words, both those of the characters and those of the narrative instances. A second step of the analysis will therefore consider how orality, patently obvious as it is, tends to mask the vocality of the text to draw attention to itself: if the voice, in its materiality, appears neglected, it is because it is henceforth subsumed under the spoken word. Yet, the voice is most saliently causing distinct stylistic traits or modes of writing which animate the jongleresque performance. The latter is having its heyday, since, at the turn of the thirteenth century, prose and the advent of silent reading would soon bring about a substantial change in the production and reception of fictional literary works: a third and last point will deal with how, until the book is to enjoy the prestige that the voice once possessed, the letter will not be that irreducibly separated from the very voice from which it originates. Far from being independent from each other, voice and letter converge in the same collaboration, that of the reading experience that allows us, to this day, to make these texts our own.
“Black Lives Matter” in education and society
Authors: Obiakor Festus E.
Published: August 2020

Black people all over the world have historically endured slavery, colonialism, racism, prejudice, and discriminatory actions; and they continue to be disenfranchised, disadvantaged, disillusioned, and demeaned by institutions and systems. Of late, Black people in the United States, especially Black males have been encountering blatant police harassments, brutalities, shootings, and killings. These actions have led to the question, “Do Black lives matter?” Of course, they do! It is no surprise that an organization, “Black Lives Matter” was formed to protest the incessant shootings and killings of Blacks in the United States. Then, if “Black Lives Matter” as I know they do, they must matter in education and society. This is the focus of the article.
Waiting for Act 2: what lies beyond organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays for organic electronics?
Authors: Forrest Stephen R.
Published: August 2020

Organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays are now poised to be the dominant mobile display technology and are at the heart of the most attractive televisions and electronic tablets on the market today. But this begs the question: what is the next big opportunity that will be addressed by organic electronics? We attempt to answer this question based on the unique attributes of organic electronic devices: their efficient optical absorption and emission properties, their ability to be deposited on ultrathin foldable, moldable and bendable substrates, the diversity of function due to the limitless palette of organic materials and the low environmental impact of the materials and their means of fabrication. With these unique qualities, organic electronics presents opportunities that range from lighting to solar cells to medical sensing. In this paper, we consider the transformative changes to electronic and photonic technologies that might yet be realized using these unconventional, soft semiconductor thin films.
Benveniste-Agamben: proposição de uma epistemologia do encontro
Authors: Silva Silvana
Published: August 2020

Este ensaio busca compreender o recurso que o filósofo Giorgio Agamben faz ao pensamento do linguista Émile Benveniste, no texto O arquivo e o testemunho (2008). Utilizamos da metáfora do ‘encontro’ tal como entendida por Normand (2009) bem como por Todorov (1987), e escandida em três momentos, a saber, encontrar, apropriar e gostar.  Dividimos o texto de Agamben nesses três momentos, observando a tentativa do filósofo de se aproximar e se apropriar do pensamento benvenistiano. Além disso, relacionamos o pensamento do filósofo a um ressurgimento da valorização da filosofia italiana na contemporaneidade (ESPOSITO, 2016). Nossa principal reflexão é a de que o filósofo Agamben vê em Benveniste a concepção de um pensamento afirmativo (ESPOSITO, 2016) sobre a natureza da linguagem e da vida do homem na língua. Concluímos ainda que as relações entre filosofia e linguística podem constituir interdisciplinaridade com base em uma epistemologia do encontro.
Factors controlling surface ozone in the Seoul Metropolitan Area during the KORUS-AQ campaign
Authors: Kim Heejeong , Gil Junsu , Lee Meehye , Jung Jinsang , Whitehill Andrew , Szykman James , Lee Gangwoong , Kim Deug-Soo , Cho Seogju , Ahn Jun-Young , Hong Jinkyu , Park Moon-Soo
Published: August 2020

To understand the characteristics of air quality in the Seoul Metropolitan Area, intensive measurements were conducted under the Korea-United States Air Quality (KORUS-AQ) campaign. Trace gases such as O3, NOx, NOy, SO2, CO, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), photochemical byproducts such as H2O2 and HCHO, aerosol species, and meteorological variables including planetary boundary layer height were simultaneously measured at Olympic Park in Seoul. During the measurement period, high O3 episodes that exceeded the 90 ppbv hourly maximum occurred on 14 days under four distinct synoptic meteorological conditions. Furthermore, local circulation such as land–sea breeze and diurnal evolution of the boundary layer were crucial in determining the concentrations of precursor gases, including NOx and VOC as well as O3. During such episodes, the nighttime NOx and VOC and daytime UV levels were higher compared to non-episode days. The overall precursor levels and photochemical activity were represented fairly well by variations in the HCHO, which peaked in the morning during the high O3 episodes. This study revealed that toluene was the most abundant VOC in Seoul, and its concentration increased greatly with NOx due to the large local influence under stagnant conditions. When O3 was highly elevated concurrently with PM2.5 under dominant westerlies, NOx and VOCs were relatively lower and CO was noticeably higher than in other episodes. Additionally, the O3 production efficiency was the highest due to a low NOx with the highest NOz/NOy ratio among the four episodes. When westerlies were dominant in transport-south episode, the nighttime concentration of O3 remained as high as 40~50 ppbv due to the minimum level of NOx titration. Overall, the Seoul Metropolitan Area is at NOx-saturated and VOC-limited conditions, which was diagnosed by indicator species and VOC/NOx ratios.
The Effectiveness Analysis of Discovery Learning Assisted by Interactive Video toward Social Study Critical Thinking Skills of Primary School
Authors: Nurma’ardi Hilda Dhaniartika , Rusdarti Rusdarti , Murwatiningsih Murwatiningsih
Published: August 2020

Critical thinking skills must be owned by primary school students to face the 21st-century learning era. It can be trained in schools by implementing a discovery learning model in learning processes. This research aims to analyze and find out how discovery learning effectiveness assisted by interactive video toward critical thinking skills of Social study for fourth graders. The research methodology was quasi-experimental research while the technique of sampling was purposive sampling. In this research, Public Primary School 02 Pringapus functions as control group which was intervened by discovery learning and Public Primary School 01 Pringapus functions as experimental group which was intervened by discovery learning assisted by interactive video. The techniques of collecting data were critical thinking skill question, questionnaire, interview, and documentation. The results of classical accomplishment showed that the result of control group was 54.84% with average score 70. Meanwhile, the experimental group obtained 96.67%, with average score 76.67. The results of n-gain score of control group was 0.34 while the experimental group was 0.42. Both of them were categorizeed moderate. The findings showed that discovery learning implementation assisted by interactive video was effective in improving social study critical thinking skills of primary school students. This research is expected to be basis of developing and improving social study critical thinking skills for primary school students.
The Influence of Literacy and Read Aloud Activities on the Early Childhood Education Students’ Receptive Language Skills
Authors: Eko Priyantini Lely Diah , Yusuf Amin
Published: August 2020

Stimulation on language development aspects is greatly needed since humans’ life may not be separated from language use and acquisition. This research aims at examining the influence of literacy and read aloud activities on the early childhood education students’ receptive language skills. This research is a correlational quantitative study conducted with a survey approach. The research population was the students of Early Childhood Education Institutions in South Purwokerto District, Banyumas Regency. There were 54 Early Childhood Education Institutions in South Purwokerto District divided into 7 groups/clusters. The sampling of this research was conducted by using the Slovin’s formula with the total samples of 115 students of Early Childhood Education Institutions. The data was collected through observation and then descriptively analyzed in percentages using multiple regression analysis supported with SPSS 23.0. The research results showed that literacy activities influenced the Early Childhood Education students’ receptive language skills with the t-count value of 6.620 at the significance of 0.000. Read aloud activities also influenced the Early Childhood Education students’ receptive language skills with the t-count value of 8.066 at the significance of 0.000. Literacy and read aloud activities significantly influenced the Early Childhood Education students’ receptive language skills with the f-count value of 70.386 at the significance of 0.000 and the total influence of 55.5%. Thus, it is suggested that literacy and read aloud activities should be continuously made to improve the Early Childhood Education students’ receptive language skills.
La filosofía realista y naturalista de John Dewey: contribuciones para una epistemología en la actualidad
Authors: Magalaes do Nascimento Edna María
Published: August 2020

El presente artículo analiza la epistemología realista y naturalista de John Dewey, para discutir su contribución para la epistemología en la actualidad.  El eje de esta investigación consiste en articular los conceptos, experiencia y naturaleza de la epistemología de John Dewey a las contribuciones de autores contemporáneos. Al final, se pretende demostrar que el realismo de Dewey, por caracterizarse como naturalista, aporta contribuciones importantes para la epistemología actual cuando ésta es colocada en una vertiente contraria al objetivismo, pero sin prescindir de la ciencia. Al oponerse a la epistemología clásica, Dewey no pretende apartarse totalmente de esta área de la filosofía, sino que postular un nuevo modelo teórico en el que el conocimiento pueda ser comprendido como mediado por relaciones naturales, causales, cognitivas y culturales. Se revelará que esta perspectiva se anticipa a las vertientes actuales del conocimiento cuya explicación pasa por la noción de complejidad y holismo.
La política posible en la imposibilidad de lo político. Apuntes para una lectura de H. A. Murena.
Authors: Oro Hershtein Lucas
Published: August 2020

Este trabajo se propone reflexionar, a partir de la obra de H. A. Murena, sobre el ‘sentido’ de lo político en América. A partir de categorías teóricas del autor, busca preguntarse si es posible construir una práctica política propia que no se resigne a definir el sentido desde el pasado americano o desde lo europeo. América es la tierra donde la ausencia de un origen petrificado permite a sus habitantes crear una comunidad auténtica. Es gracias a dicha ausencia que los americanos no precisamos poner entre paréntesis la ontología para dar paso a la ética, ya que la comprensión del origen como ausencia impide operar a la lógica metafísica que reduce el tiempo a la presencia.
Transtextualidad en la narrativa de Javier Marías
Authors: Parra Jorge Ivan
Published: August 2020

El presente ensayo pretende mostrar cómo la obra novelística de Javier Marías puede ser vista a la luz de la teoría de Gérard Genette sobre la transtextualidad, es decir lo que también se conoce como palimpsesto (de ahí el título de su libro, Palimpsestos, La literatura en segundo grado). Se mostrará que dicha transtextualidad se da principalmente entre las novelas Mañana en la batalla piensa en mí, Corazón tan blanco y Negra espalda del tiempo y las obras de Shakespeare, Ricardo III, Macbeth y La tempestad, respectivamente, producto, tal vez, de la conocida anglofilia de Marías.
A Chromosome-Scale Genome Assembly for the Fusarium oxysporum Strain Fo5176 To Establish a Model Arabidopsis-Fungal Pathosystem
Authors: Fokkens Like , Guo Li , Dora Susanne , Wang Bo , Ye Kai , Sánchez-Rodríguez Clara , Croll Daniel
Published: August 2020

Plant pathogens cause widespread yield losses in agriculture. Understanding the drivers of plant-pathogen interactions requires decoding the molecular dialog leading to either resistance or disease. However, progress in deciphering pathogenicity genes has been severely hampered by suitable model systems and incomplete fungal genome assemblies. Here, we report a significant improvement of the assembly and annotation of the genome of the Fusarium oxysporum (Fo) strain Fo5176. Fo comprises a large number of serious plant pathogens on dozens of plant species with largely unresolved pathogenicity factors. The strain Fo5176 infects Arabidopsis thaliana and, hence, constitutes a highly promising model system. We use high-coverage Pacific Biosciences Sequel long-read and Hi-C sequencing data to assemble the genome into 19 chromosomes and a total genome size of 67.98 Mb. The genome has a N50 of 4 Mb and a 99.1% complete BUSCO score. Phylogenomic analyses based on single-copy orthologs clearly place the Fo5176 strain in the Fo f sp. conglutinans clade as expected. We generated RNAseq data from culture medium and plant infections to train gene predictions and identified ∼18,000 genes including ten effector genes known from other Fo clades. We show that Fo5176 is able to infect cabbage and Brussel sprouts of the Brassica oleracea, expanding the usefulness of the Fo5176 model pathosystem. Finally, we performed large-scale comparative genomics analyses comparing the Fo5176 to 103 additional Fo genomes to define core and accessory genomic regions. In conjunction with the molecular tool sets available for A. thaliana, the Fo5176 genome and annotation provides a crucial step toward the establishment of a highly promising pathosystem.
Evaluations on Compressibility Factor Calculation Methods for High-Pressure H2S-Containing Natural Gases
Authors: Jia Wenlong , Zhang Yuanrui , Fang Jiong
Published: August 2020

The compressibility factor is an essential parameter for natural gas exploitation and processing. The method based on the equation of state (EoS) represents the most popular method for compressibility factor calculations. In this paper, the accuracy of compressibility factor calculations for two traditional cubic-EoSs (Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) EoS, the Peng–Robinson(PR) EoS), the Benedict–Webb–Rubin-Starling (BWRs) EoS, and the Cubic-Plus-Association (CPA) EoS are evaluated based on experimental data for high-pressure H2S-containing natural gases. A total of 234 sets of experimental compressibility factors are applied to validate the above four EoSs, which cover pressures from 70MPa to 131MPa. Results show that for the high-pressure and low H2S content natural gas (35MPa≤P<70MPa, H2S<0.3%), the BWRS EoS yields the best results among the above four EoSs. The average relative deviation (ARD) between the experimental results and the calculated values is 1.07%. For high-pressure and high H2S content natural gas (35MPa≤P<70MPa, H2S≥0.3%), the CPA EoS yields the best results with an ARD of 1.01%. For ultra-high-pressure natural gas (P≥70MPa) without H2S, the BWRS EoS gives the best results with an ARD of 0.32% and the maximum relative deviation is 1.50%.
Dimensions and Factors of Civil Servants Policy Alienation: Case of the Lithuanian State Employment Agency
Authors: Gončiarova Natalja , Pivoras Saulius
Published: August 2020

The article aims to identify the dimensions and factors of policy alienation that have a significant impact on the practice of civil servants when implementing employment policy. The data of the empirical research revealed that civil servants experience powerlessness due to the following factors: insufficient coherence of employment policy objectives with objectives of other social and welfare policies, lack of interinstitutional cooperation, and autonomy in implementing internal institutional requirements. Meanwhile, the factors of meaninglessness are related to red tape and categories, as distinguished by informants, of unemployed clients, whose expectations are incommensurable with the aims and means of implemented employment policy.
Cerebral Oxygenation in Preterm Infants With Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Authors: Howarth Claire , Banerjee Jayanta , Leung Terence , Eaton Simon , Morris Joan K , Aladangady Narendra
Published: August 2020

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Preterm infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) are known to have worse neurodevelopmental outcomes, but there is no substantial evidence to support an underlying pathophysiology. We aimed to examine whether cerebral oxygenation differs in those infants who develop NEC compared to cerebral oxygenation in those who do not.

METHODS:

We examined 48 infants <30 weeks’ gestation admitted to a tertiary level NICU from October 2016 to May 2018. Infants with birth weight less than or equal to the second percentile, abnormal antenatal dopplers or twin-to-twin-transfusion-syndrome were excluded. Cerebral oximetry measurements were performed by using a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) monitor weekly for 60 minutes, allowing measurement of cerebral tissue oxygenation index from the first week of life to 36 weeks postconceptional age. Weekly clinical status was also recorded. NEC was defined as greater than or equal to Bell stage 2.

RESULTS:

The median birth weight was 884 g (range of 460–1600 g), the median weeks’ gestational age was 26 + 3/7 (23 + 0/7 to 29 + 6/7), and 52% were girls. In total, 276 NIRS measurements were completed, and 7 infants developed NEC. NIRS measurements from 1 infant with NEC and 4 infants without NEC who developed hemorrhagic parenchymal infarcts were excluded from analysis. Infants who developed NEC had significantly lower cerebral tissue oxygenation index than those who did not (P = .011), even when adjusted for confounders, including gestational age, birth weight, patent ductus arteriosus, enteral feeds, sex, ethnicity, and hemoglobin.

CONCLUSIONS:

Infants with NEC have significantly lower cerebral tissue oxygenation throughout their neonatal intensive care stay in comparison with those who did not develop NEC. This is a novel finding and could explain their worse neurodevelopmental outcome.
Efecto de gas de formalina sobre el recuento de mesófilos en nailon comercial destinado a procedimientos quirúrgicos
Authors: González Roger , Arguello Jorge Luis , Britez Cesar Esteban , Caballero Maria José , Bazán Ynes Josefina , Maldonado Edith Liliana , Méndez Julio
Published: August 2020

La investigación se realizó a fin de evaluar el efecto del gas de formalina sobre el recuento de mesófilos en nailon comercial (poliamida) destinado a procedimientos quirúrgicos. En primer lugar, se evaluó la contaminación de una muestra del material comercial de 1 g expuesta al ambiente de quirófano por 72 horas, a través de la técnica de recuento en placa para mesófilos; se obtuvieron 850 UFC/g. Una vez comprobada la contaminación de la poliamida comercial, esta se sometió a gases de formalina en comprimidos. Se colocaron 5 muestras (n=5) de nailon de 1 g cada una en 5 recipientes herméticos de 1 litro con 1 gramo de formalina cada uno; estos recipientes se almacenaron en un mueble en sala de esterilización a un metro de altura del piso y posteriormente, fueron abiertos y cultivados a través de la técnica de recuento en placa para mesófilos, uno por día a lo largo de 5 días a intervalos de 24 horas. Los resultados obtenidos no registraron crecimientos de microorganismos a partir de las 24 horas y durante los 5 días posteriores y se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p < 0,05). Se concluye que bajo las condiciones del presente estudio el tiempo de esterilización de la formalina sobre nailon comercial es de 24 horas.
Prevalencia y hallazgos radiográficos en conejos, cuyos y chinchillas diagnosticados con maloclusión en el Hospital Veterinario de Especialidades en Fauna Silvestre y Etología Clínica de la UNAM, México
Authors: García Maria Camila , Maldonado Ricardo
Published: August 2020

Los lagomorfos y los histricomorfos, como los cuyos y las chinchillas, comparten características dentales como: dentadura elodonta e hipsodonta. Estas peculiaridades predisponen la presentación de maloclusión debido al consumo de dietas inadecuadas, poco abrasivas. El propósito de este trabajo es identificar la prevalencia de maloclusión en cada una de las especies mencionadas, de acuerdo con su sexo y grupo etario. Además, tiene como objetivo hacer una evaluación objetiva de los estudios radiográficos de los ejemplares, basada en líneas de referencia anatómica, para determinar los principales hallazgos radiográficos según el grado de maloclusión diagnosticado de forma clínica. El 30% de todos los individuos evaluados presentaron problemas de maloclusión, 42,86% de ellos conejos, 16,6% cuyos y 23% chinchillas. No se evidenciaron diferencias significativas en la presentación por sexo. En conejos fue más común el diagnóstico de ejemplares del grupo etario I y II, mientras que en cuyos lo fue en los grupos II y III. El grado I y II fueron los más diagnosticados en conejos y cuyos. En las radiografías las lesiones más comunes fueron el sobrecrecimiento de las raíces maxilares y mandibulares, elongación de incisivos, pérdida de la superficie de oclusión y deformación de las raíces mandibulares. Se propone un método de corrección para las proyecciones radiográficas LL con rotación evidente para mantener la objetividad de la evaluación radiográfica.
Calidad higiénico-sanitaria de dos sistemas de ordeño en fincas bovinas ubicadas en el sector Vuelta Larga, municipio Maturín, estado Monagas (Venezuela)
Authors: Guevara Barbara , Rivas Magalys , Silva-Acuña Ramón
Published: August 2020

El objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar la calidad higiénico-sanitaria de dos sistemas de ordeño en fincas bovinas del municipio Maturín estado Monagas (Venezuela). El ensayo tuvo una duración de seis semanas, se calculó la eficiencia higiénica (%EH) de las instalaciones, el personal, la rutina de ordeño, la limpieza-desinfección y el almacenamiento-transporte de dos unidades de producción. Adicionalmente, se determinó la población de bacterias aerobias mesófilas (BAM) que se cuantificaron en un experimento en bloques al azar, con arreglo factorial de los tratamientos (2x2) donde el factor A, correspondió al sistema de ordeño manual y mecánico y el factor B, a la aplicación y omisión de secado de los pezones de cada animal previo al ordeño. La variable se examinó por análisis de varianza y sus valores promedios comparados por Tukey al 5% de probabilidad. El %EH de las fincas evaluadas fue de 66,66% para la finca 2 y de 54,84% para la finca 1, considerados no satisfactorios. Los resultados obtenidos para la variable BAM indican que el factor sistema de ordeño mostró diferencia altamente significativa (p ≤ 0,01); el sistema manual presentó el menor conteo con 5,24 Log10 UFC/mL; mientras que para el factor condición de secado se constató diferencia significativa (p ≤ 0,05), ya que la aplicación de secado presentó la menor población de bacterias aerobias mesófilas con 5,25 Log10 UFC/mL. Las medidas higiénicas y sanitarias implementadas en la rutina de ordeño influyeron directamente en la calidad de la leche cruda.
O velho oeste transforma-se num celeiro agrícola: imprensa, colonização e historicidade entre refugiados da Segunda Guerra no Brasil (Guarapuava/PR)
Authors: Stein Marcos Nestor , Olinto Beatriz Anselmo
Published: August 2020

O artigo enfoca narrativas publicadas em 1991 e 1992 pelo Jornal de Entre Rios em comemoração aos 40 anos de fundação do distrito de mesmo nome no município de Guarapuava, região centro-sul do Paraná. A localidade de Entre Rios foi fundada entre março de 1951 e janeiro de 1952, com a fixação de cerca de 2.500 imigrantes refugiados da Segunda Guerra Mundial, oriundos de áreas da antiga Iugoslávia, Hungria e Romênia, que se identificam coletivamente como suábios do Danúbio e estavam exilados desde 1944 na Áustria.  O recorte proposto pelo presente artigo é analisar as formas como diferentes eventos são narrados pelo referido Jornal, articulando-os a diferentes temporalidades. Serão analisadas as discursividades que envolvem essas narrativas sobre o passado do grupo da Europa, sobre os primeiros anos no Brasil, o presente da comunidade e as suas expectativas de futuro, destacando-se as formas de ligação dessas temporalidades com noções de historicidade e de desenvolvimento agrícola.
Proyectos editoriales e iniciativas intelectuales para la legitimación del pensamiento cultural de Jorge Mañach durante la primera mitad del siglo XX cubano
Authors: Arencibia Coloma Yaneidys
Published: August 2020

El presente artículo revisa el panorama cultural de la primera mitad del siglo XX cubano desde una perspectiva anclada en la sociología histórica del conocimiento científico, la historia de la literatura, la ciencia y el pensamiento, la teoría del arte y la sociología de la cultura. Toma como excusa la ensayística cultural de Jorge Mañach y su vínculo con proyectos editoriales como la revista de avance e iniciativas intelectuales como la Universidad del Aire para delimitar el impacto de estos momentos en el gradual proceso de autonomía y legitimación del pensamiento cultural cubano evidente en la obra de este autor. Asimismo, contribuye a revelar las formas específicas de sociabilidad intelectual, generadas a partir de la vida y la obra de este autor
Effect of gigantomastia on School attendance
Authors: Mzezewa Salathiel Zhou , Mzezewa Salathiel
Published: August 2020

Introduction. We have been seeing a number of juvenile/teenage girls presenting to our out patient department with gigantomastia/large breasts. These school going girls had not been attending school due to the large breasts and taunting by school mates as well as scrutiny by the public.

Aims and Objectives.

To do Reduction Mammoplasty.

To do histological investigation.

To encourage these teenage girls to go back to school.

Materials and Methods.

Nine juvenile/teenage girls aged between 11 and 16 years were prospectively enrolled for this study from 2016 to 2020. Eight had reduction mammaplasty and one had sub cutaneous mastectomy with free nipple graft. The specimens were weighed and sent for histology.

Results. Nine juvenile/teenage girls were included. The age range was 11- 16 years and the weight range was 27-33 Kg. Loss of school attendance time was 3 months to 2 years. Median weight of excised breast tissue was 2.5(1.2 – 5 kg.

Histology.  Normal breast =  6,  Fibroadenosis = 3.

Conclusion.

Gigantomastia affected school attendance by as much as two years.

Reduction mammoplasty was our treatment of choice.

Taunting and lack of fitting clothes affected self-esteem of these patients.

The juvenile girls have now returned back to school.
Avian surveys near Camp Lemonnier and Day Forest, Djibouti, Africa
Authors: Dove Carla J. , Whatton James F. , Saucier Jacob R. , Schmidt Brian K. , Gotte Steve W. , Klope Matthew W. , Rayaleh Houssein
Published: August 2020

Two brief biodiversity surveys were conducted near Camp Lemonnier, Djibouti, in May 2014 and February 2016, and to the Day Forest (Forêt du Day) in February 2016. Our complete avian checklist of 143 species, with 96 species preserved as museum specimens is presented here. We document nesting for Spur-winged Lapwing Vanellus spinosus (Linnaeus, 1758), the occurrence of Crimson-rumped Waxbill Estrilda rhodopyga Sundevall, 1850, and confirm Little Tern Sternula albifrons (Pallas, 1764) in Djibouti. We comment on observations for the Critically Endangered Djibouti Spurfowl Pternistis ochropectus (Dorst & Jouanin 1952), and the Endangered Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus (Linnaeus, 1758), and a previously noted Fringillidae (Crithagra sp.) Swainson, 1827 from the Day Forest. Hybridization between Somali Sparrow Passer castanopterus Blythi,1885 and House Sparrow Passer domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758) is documented with voucher specimens. Although these surveys and taxa lists represent brief inventories for the areas visited, they provide a foundation and reference for future work in this understudied region in the Horn of Africa.
Germanic Nominations of British Titles and Their Functioning in the 19th Century Fiction Texts
Authors: Bezkorovaynaya Galina
Published: August 2020

The article concerns identification of semantic potential of lexical units with a Germanic origin joined into thematic group "English titles of nobility", and actualization of their meanings in the literary texts of the 19 th century. The sources of language material were the works of early Victorian period writers. The undertaken semantic and functional analysis of lexemes earl, knight, lord / lady enabled the author to conclude that when they indicate social status of the character depicted in the work of art or are used as an etiquette form of address, they implement direct meaning. It has been noted that alongside with lord / lady, the French loanwords sir / madame are used as forms of polite address in dialogues between the characters. The lexemes-titles can function in figurative meaning, i.e. knight maybe used to indicate valour as one of the main qualities of a noble person of high social status, Lord is used to denote the Creator, lady – to speak about any woman, as well as a wife, a mistress. The analysis of the data obtained resulted in deduction that in literary texts of the 19 th century the meanings of lexemes-titles, comprising thematic group English Nobility Titles, can express the following: the noble origin in the name of a person, a polite form of address in communication, nomination of a social status as well as some commonly shared character traits inherent to an aristocratic class representative; nomination of people in accordance with a family status or gender.
Contribuições da educação profissional na enfermagem para o enfrentamento da estigmatização associada aos transtornos mentais
Authors: Ferreira Marcela Santos , Carvalho Maria Cecilia Araujo
Published: August 2020

Contexto: As atitudes estigmatizantes associadas aos portadores de transtornos mentais presentes em estudantes e trabalhadores da área da saúde são reproduzidos no cuidado a saúde, produzindo sofrimento, além daquele gerado pelo próprio transtorno mental. Uma forma de enfrentamento desse problema social é o investimento da educação profissional em um ensino antiestigmatizante. Objetivo: conceber apontamentos teóricos e práticos sobre como a educação, durante a formação profissional, pode ser uma ferramenta de enfrentamento do estigma relacionado aos portadores de transtornos mentais, presente na área da enfermagem. Discussão: A formação profissional é um momento importante para o combate da estigmatização aos portadores de transtornos mentais. Para tanto, é imprescindível que o ensino de saúde mental seja baseado em uma educação crítica, tenha seus conteúdos formativos adequados a um contexto antiestigmatizante e associe várias estratégias educacionais voltadas para a redução do estigma, como ocorre na estratégia de contato com portadores de transtornos mentais. Considerações finais: A educação profissional na enfermagem quando em consonância com uma prática antiestigmatizante é capaz de restringir a ação do estigma associado ao transtorno mental, por parte dos profissionais da Enfermagem. A consequência desse tipo de formação é a melhora da assistência devido a um cuidado em saúde com menos estigma.
O descompasso entre as políticas e os indicadores habitacionais no Brasil: uma análise em municípios do estado do Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: De Moura Vogt Helena , Silveira Rogério Leandro Lima da
Published: August 2020

A intensa e desigual urbanização das cidades brasileiras tem se caracterizado por apresentar, entre outros problemas, um recorrente déficit habitacional, advindo de um especulativo mercado imobiliário e da falta ou insuficiência de políticas públicas habitacionais inclusivas. Mas qual é de fato a realidade da situação habitacional brasileira? Os objetivos e a implementação da recente política habitacional nacional levam efetivamente em conta os indicadores existentes sobre o déficit habitacional e o número de imóveis urbanos vagos nos municípios brasileiros? Esse artigo discute brevemente essas questões e as incongruências existentes entre os objetivos das políticas habitacionais recentes e a real situação do déficit habitacional urbano no Brasil, analisando mais especificamente esse processo em municípios selecionados do Rio Grande do Sul. Metodologicamente, a análise é realizada a partir da correlação de dados secundários da Fundação João Pinheiro (FJP), do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) e da Caixa Federal referente aos indicadores de população municipal, déficit habitacional urbano, nº de domicílios vagos urbanos e produção habitacional do Programa habitacional Minha Casa Minha Vida-MCMV(Faixa 1), em municípios de 75.000 a 300.000 habitantes no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Conclui-se que há descompassos entre os objetivos das políticas e indicadores da real situação habitacional, evidenciando a necessidade de avaliações e monitoramento das políticas públicas no território que observem e valorizem os indicadores habitacionais dos municípios.
Uma proposta histórico-cultural do fazer clínico: relato de experiência em oficinas terapêuticas
Authors: Coelho Gilson Gomes , Arruda Ana Carolina Carvalho , Carneiro Anna Lícya Ferreira , Lima Eliane Soares , Barros João Henrique Oliveira
Published: August 2020

Este trabalho trata-se de um registro teórico-prático, descritivo e qualitativo, referente a experiência de Estágio Básico em Psicologia Clínica, da Faculdade Católica Dom Orione. O mesmo ocorreu nas dependências de um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Infanto-Juvenil (CAPSi). O estágio referido, foi realizado através de observações em oficinas terapêuticas, com público alvo de adolescentes, teve como principal intuito, favorecer a constituição de vínculos entre estagiários, mediadores das oficinas, adolescentes usuários e familiares, levantando as principais demandas ali expostas, e conseguinte elaborar ações de acordo com os embasamentos teóricos da abordagem histórico-cultural, articulando teoria e prática, aspirando a materialização das emoções e vivências do grupo acompanhado, bem como compreender o processo de subjetividade dos adolescentes a partir de um fazer psicológico para além da clínica. No decorrer das observações foi compreendido que existe um distanciamento entre o serviço ideal e o que é ofertado, tornando factível a correlação entre teoria e prática do psicólogo dentro da instituição, considerando que se faz necessário suscitar reflexões respaldadas em experiências pertinentes às ações desenvolvidas nestes espaços, que tem como projeto, um novo modelo de saúde mental, com o propósito de promover um serviço cada vez mais pautado na ética, no respeito e no compromisso social e político, com vistas a reivindicar o direito das pessoas a um serviço cada vez mais preparado para acolher as necessidades individuais de cada um, visando sempre na promoção de saúde.