bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Epigenetic Alterations That Are the Backbone of Immune Evasion in T-Cell Malignancies
Authors: Andreescu Mihaela
Published: June 2023

Epigenetic alterations are heritable and enduring modifications in gene expression that play a pivotal role in immune evasion. These include alterations to noncoding RNA, DNA methylation, and histone modifications. DNA methylation plays a crucial role in normal cell growth and development but alterations in methylation patterns such as hypermethylation or hypomethylation can enable tumor and viral cells to evade host immune responses. Histone modifications can also inhibit immune responses by promoting the expression of genes involved in suppressing normal immune function. In the case of T-cell lymphoma, adult T-cell Lymphomas (ALT) also undergo immune evasion through the exceptional function of its accessory and regulatory genes. Epigenetic therapies are emerging as a promising adjunct to traditional immunotherapy and chemotherapy regimens. Clinical trials are currently investigating the use of epigenetic therapies in combination with immunotherapies and chemotherapies for more effective treatment of ATL and other cancers. This review highlights epigenetic alterations that are widely found in T cell malignancies.
A Mechanically Tunable,Fatigue-Resistant, and Reusable Plasticizable Dual-Network Hydrogel
Authors: Xin Zhuangzhuang , Xu Wei , Zhang Yaping , Yao Yongwei , Liu Defa , Duan Jilu , He Wanxiang
Published: June 2023

Natural cellulose hydrogels have been widely used to enhance mechanical properties. However, existing natural fiber composite hydrogels are not reusable, limiting their potential applications. To address this issue, we designed and prepared a polyvinyl alcohol/glycerol /bamboo microfibril double network tough hydrogel using a simple method. The bamboo microfibril and polyvinyl alcohol form a tight and rigid network through hydrogen bonding, improving mechanical properties. The prepared polyvinyl alcohol/glycerol/bamboo microfibril double network tough hydrogel has the advantages of reusability and fatigue resistance. Furthermore, both the elastic modulus and toughness of the hydrogel increase with increasing bamboo microfibril content. We also demonstrated that the hydrogel can be recast after cyclic compression, maintaining its recyclability, stability, and certain stiffness and toughness. Our study highlights the potential of hydrogels for controllable mechanical properties, fatigue resistance and shows that polyvinyl alcohol/glycerol/bamboo microfibril hydrogel has broad value for plasticity and reuse.
Clinical Relevance of Drug Interactions in People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Antiretroviral Therapy - Update 2022: Systematic Review
Authors: Amariles Pedro , Rivera-Cadavid Monica , Ceballos Mauricio
Published: June 2023

Background: The clinical outcomes of antiretroviral drugs may be modified by drug interactions; thus, it is important to update the drug interactions in people living with HIV. Aim: To update clinically relevant drug interactions in people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy. Methods: A systematic review in Medline/PubMed database from July 2017 to December 2022, using the Mesh terms: Anti-retroviral agents and drug interactions or herb-drug interactions or food-drug interactions. Publications with drug interactions in humans, in English or Spanish, and with full text were retrieved. The clinical relevance of drug interaction was grouped into 5 levels according to gravity and probability of occurrence. Results: 361 articles were identified and 148 were included, which allowed the identification of 894 drug interaction pairs. Among these 894 drug pairs, 355 have not been identified previously; and 89 (25.1%) and 72 (20.2%) were of levels 1 and 2, respectively. In addition, for 197 (55.5%) pairs the mechanism was pharmacokinetic. The non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and the protease inhibitors (PIs) with 91 (25.6%) and 76 (21.4%) pairs, respectively were more frequent. Conclusions: In people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy, we identify 355 new drug interaction pairs, of them 161 (45.3%) are assessed as levels 1 and 2 and thus, clinically relevant; a figure that is lower compared to 2014-2107 update. The pharmacokinetic mechanism is the most frequently identified. The non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and the protease inhibitors (PIs) are the antiretroviral groups with the highest number of clinically relevant drug interactions.
Morphology and Specific Features of Formation of Thermal Lake Utinaya Banya (Iturup Island, Southern Kuril Islands)
Authors: Khubaeva O.R. , Degterev A.V. , Kozlov D.N. , Khomchanovskii A.L. , Zharkov R.V. , Batanov F.I.
Published: June 2023

—This paper describes a set of studies performed at a thermal manifestation (Lake Utinaya Banya) on the Iturup Island (Kuril Islands). These studies include bathymetric survey of the lake basin, geometric leveling across the lake, pitting, sampling of thermal waters from the lake and springs, hydrochemical research, and isotopic analysis of oxygen and hydrogen in the lake water. It is suggested by the shape of the lake basin (close to lenticular with a significant concentric depression), the underwater gas-hydrothermal vents, the bank along the perimeter of the lake basin, and the presence of several layers of clastic deposits at the top of the rampart that the lake was formed by a hydrothermal eruption. The lake temperature has remained constant over the years and ranges on average from 25 to 15 °C, depending on the season. The water of Lake Utinaya Banya is represented by acidic, sulfate calcium, and low-mineralized waters.
Open Genes — A New Comprehensive Database of Human Genes Associated With Aging and Longevity
Authors: Rafikova Ekaterina , Nemirovich-Danchenko Nikolay , Ogmen Anna , Parfenenkova Anna , Velikanova Anastasiia , Tikhonov Stanislav , Peshkin Leonid , Rafikov Konstantin , Spiridonova Olga , Belova Yulia , Glinin Timofey , Egorova Anastasia , Batin Mickhail
Published: June 2023

The Open Genes database was created to enhance and simplify the search for potential aging therapy targets. We collected data on 2402 genes associated with aging and developed convenient tools for searching and comparing gene features. A comprehensive description of genes has been provided, including lifespan-extending interventions, age-related changes, longevity associations, gene evolution, associations with diseases and hallmarks of aging, and functions of gene products. For each experiment, we presented the necessary structured data for evaluating the experiment’s quality and interpreting the study’s findings. Our goal was to stay objective and precise while connecting a particular gene to human aging. We distinguished six types of studies and 12 criteria for adding genes to our database. Genes were classified according to the confidence level of the link between the gene and aging. All the data collected in a database are provided both by an API and a user interface. The database is publicly available on a website at https://open-genes.org/.
Electroconvulsive therapy is associated with increased immunoreactivity for the neuroplasticity marker doublecortin in the hippocampus of depressed patients
Authors: Loef Dore , Tendolkar Indira , Eijndhoven Philip van , Hoozemans Jeroen , Oudega Mardien , Rozemuller Annemieke , Lucassen Paul , Dols Annemiek , Dijkstra Anke
Published: June 2023

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective therapy for depression, but its cellular effects on the human brain remain elusive. In rodents, electroconvulsive shocks increase proliferation and the expression of plasticity markers in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG), suggesting increased neurogenesis. Furthermore, MRI studies in depressed patients have demonstrated increases in DG volume after ECT, that were notably paralleled by a decrease in depressive mood scores. Whether ECT also triggers cellular plasticity, inflammation or possibly injury in the human hippocampus, was unknown. We here performed a first explorative, anatomical study on the human post-mortem hippocampus of a unique, well-documented cohort of bipolar or unipolar depressed patients, who had received ECT in the 5 years prior to their death. They were compared to age-matched patients with a depressive disorder who had not received ECT and to matched healthy controls. Upon histopathological examination, no indications were observed for major hippocampal cell loss, overt cytoarchitectural changes or classic neuropathology in these 3 groups, nor were obvious differences present in inflammatory markers for astrocytes or microglia. Whereas the numbers of proliferating cells expressing Ki-67 was not different, we found a significantly higher level of immunoreactivity for Doublecortin (DCX), a marker commonly used for young neurons and cellular plasticity, in the granule cell layer, subgranular zone, and CA4 / hilus of the hippocampus of ECT patients. These first post-mortem observations suggest that ECT has no damaging effects but may rather have induced neuroplasticity in the DG of depressed patients.
Revisiting the Watching eyes effect: how emotional expressions, sex, and age of watching eyes influence stereotypical statement endorsement
Authors: Lau Wee Kiat , Sauter Marian , Bulut Cihan , Lisa Valentina Eberhardt , Huckauf Anke
Published: June 2023

The watching eyes effect has been shown to influence prosocial and antisocial behaviors. However, the eye characteristics which induce this effect remain unclear. This study explored how emotional expressions (anger, fear, happy, neutral), age (old, young), and sex (male, female) of eye images affect antisocial behavior, measured by stereotype endorsement. Participants rated their endorsement to 36 stereotype statements about race, gender, and religion topics, each paired with an eye image. Our findings indicated that stereotype endorsement did not differ significantly between neutral eye images and control flower images. We then used neutral eyes as control images to evaluate stereotype endorsement when being watched by eyes with other expressions. When comparing endorsement across age and sex in each expression, the data revealed higher endorsement for angry old male eyes and for happy young eyes (males and females), and lower endorsement for fearful eyes, except for old fearful female eyes. Therefore, varying the emotional expression, sex and age of the eye images used in the watching eyes effect paradigm influence stereotype endorsement. To further unravel the underlying mechanisms behind the watching eyes effect, we encourage future research to explore how varying characteristics of the eyes affect responses/behaviors like stereotype endorsement.
Identifying the obstacles facing emergency nurses regarding treating CTAS1 and CTAS2 in Saudi Arabia
Authors: AlZahrani Rawan , Thobaity Abdulellah Al
Published: June 2023

Background: Emergency nurses are crucial to the effectiveness of an emergency healthcare system. However, several difficulties and obstacles, particularly in dealing with life-threatening cases, may affect the health, safety, and satisfaction of nurses and patients. This study aimed to explore the most common challenges faced by emergency nurses when dealing with CTAS1 and CTAS2 cases according to the Canadian Triage and Acuity Scale in Saudi hospitals to avoid or manage them in the future.
Methods: This study used the mixed-method sequential study design with two phases. The first phase involved focus group discussions with eight expert nurses from two large hospitals in Taif. The second phase was an online questionnaire using 23 of the 28 items extracted from the first phase. Principal component analysis was used to describe and find the correlation and contrast between the results.
Findings: Five factors were extracted: patient care management, critical case handling, hospital management support, delays in patient care, and the impact of the presence of the patient’s family on nurses.
Conclusion: Understanding the difficulties faced by emergency nurses may assist hospital stakeholders in providing psychological support and sufficient resources and improving high-quality protocols for emergency situations.
Comparing optimization algorithms for Parameter Identification of Sigmoid Model for MR damper
Authors: Silva Davi Matias Dutra da , Avila Suzana Moreira , Morais Marcus Vinicius Girão , Junior Aldemir Aparecido Cavallini
Published: June 2023

This paper proposes a new hybrid optimization technique that merges a differential evolution algorithm with a local strategy using the Nelder-Mead simplex search method (fminsearch). In order to investigate the variation in parameter estimation errors arising from different optimization techniques. For a numerical model to exhibit good agreement with experimental values, it should prevent any clearances in the system and achieve an improved fit for the parameters of the Bouc-Wen modified dynamic model. The study includes an experimental design to control the excitation current, frequency, and piston displacement. In this study, the model employed is the numerically parameterized model implemented by Wang, which utilizes experimental dynamic behavior of a commercial magnetorheological damper and applies a method to fit symmetric and asymmetric sigmoid functions using experimental data. These optimization algorithms are used to identify the sixteen parameters of the modified Bouc-Wen model.
Microplastics: challenges of assessment in biological samples and their implication for in vitro and in vivo effects
Authors: Rodríguez Karen Beatriz Méndez , Avalos Jorge Armando Jiménez , Macias Juan Carlos Fernández , Palomo Ana Karen González
Published: June 2023

Microplastics (MPs) have attracted global interest because they have been recognized as emerging pollutants that require urgent attention. MPs are plastic particles with a size between 1 micron and 5 millimeters (1 µm-5mm); those measuring less than 1 µm are known as nanoplastics (NPs). MPs are distributed in the environment in various physical forms that depend on the original morphology of the primary plastics, the degradation process, and the erosion factors to which they were subjected. Humans may be exposed to these pollutants mainly by ingestion or inhalation, which could adversely affect human health. This review focuses on exposure pathways, sources, and evidence of adverse effects reported in vitro and in vivo studies. In addition,we highlight the application of methods and techniques to assess the precise levels of exposure to MPs in biological samples to generate knowledge about their potential threat to human health.
Comparison the effect of gelatin sponge and epinephrine-soaked gauze for hemostasis and pain control after hemorrhoidal surgery
Authors: Tsai Kun-Min , Kiu Kee-Thai , Yen Min-Hsuan , Yen Yu-Chun , Tam Ka-Wai , Chang Tungcheng
Published: June 2023

Post-operative pain and bleeding are the main complications after hemorrhoidal surgery. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether an absorbable gelatin sponge is a superior hemostatic and analgesic agent to gauze soaked in epinephrine after hemorrhoidal surgery. A retrospective study was conducted using data from a single institute. Data were collected from the electronic medical record database and outpatient patient questionnaire archive. This study included 132 patients for whom gauze soaked in epinephrine was used as the hemostatic agent after hemorrhoidal surgery and 139 patients for whom an absorbable gelatin sponge was employed. The primary outcome measurements were postoperative pain score, oral analgesic dosage, length of hospital stay, and complications. Patients in the absorbable gelatin sponge group had significantly lower pain scores from the day they underwent hemorrhoidal surgery (postoperative day 0) until postoperative day 2. Average pain scores in the absorbable gelatin sponge group and gauze soaked in epinephrine group were 5.33 ± 3.2 and 6.18 ± 3.2 (p = 0.029) on postoperative day 0, respectively; 4.69 ± 3.0 and 5.77 ± 2.9 (p = 0.003) on postoperative day 1, respectively; and 4.44 ± 2.8 and 5.33 ± 2.9 (p = 0.010) on postoperative day 2, respectively. No significant differences were discovered in postoperative recovery or complication rate between the groups. Absorbable gelatin sponges provide patients with more effective pain relief than gauze soaked in epinephrine for the first couple of days after hemorrhoidal surgery. Moreover, absorbable gelatin sponges had no negative effect on patient outcomes. Therefore, absorbable gelatin sponges are recommended as a replacement for gauze soaked in epinephrine following hemorrhoidal surgery.
Costs of Cancer Care in the Last Five Days of Life in a Low-Resource Setting
Authors: Darrudi Ali , Poopak Amir Hossein , Darroudi Rajabali , Sargazi Nasrin , Zendehdel Kazem , Motlagh Ali Ghanbari , Tahmassebi Mamak , Nahvijou Azin
Published: June 2023

Background
End-of-life care for patients with advanced cancer is costly. The palliative care unit tend to reduce the healthcare costs of these patients. This study aimed to compare palliative care unit costs with non-palliative care unit costs in cancer patients admitted to a university hospital.
Methods
We calculated the cost and number of services the patients received in the last five days of life in this study. We adjusted all costs based on the 2018 US Dollar exchange rate. We evaluated the cost of hospitalization and care service delivery for 150 patients admitted to a university hospital; the participants were selected prospectively.
Results
A total of 150 patients were included in this study, 56 of whom (37%) were admitted to the palliative care unit. The average total cost of treatment in the last five days of life for each patient was three times higher in general, wards compared to palliative care unit. The total cost of cancer in the last five days of life was $2,873 in the non- palliative care unit setting and $909.63 in the palliative care unit setting.
Conclusions
Based on the results, establishing palliative care units in tertiary hospitals and providing palliative consultation to patients with advanced cancer can be profitable when resources are limited.
The relationship between cadmium exposure and preeclampsia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Chu , Yang Yunping , Wang Qianqian , Zheng Yanmei , Zhong Zixing
Published: June 2023

Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that has been associated with several disorders in humans. Preeclampsia is a major cause of maternal mortality worldwide. Despite numerous studies on the subject, the association between Cd exposure and preeclampsia remains elusive. To better understand this relationship, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of eligible studies from five databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and CNKI) from their inception to September 10, 2022. The quality of these studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale (NOS). We calculated overall standardized mean differences (SMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using random-effects models. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of our results. We also evaluated publication bias using Egger’s and Begg’s tests. Additionally, we conducted meta-regression and subgroup analyses to identify potential sources of heterogeneity among studies. Our analysis included a total of 17 studies with 10,373 participants. We found a significant association between maternal cadmium exposure and the risk of preeclampsia (SMD 0.27, 95% CI 0.09–0.44, p < 0.001). No significant publication bias was detected in either Begg’s or Egger’s tests. Meta-regression suggested that factors such as geographical location, year of publication, cadmium samples, sample size, and measurement methods did not contribute to heterogeneity between studies. Our findings suggest that maternal cadmium exposure is associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia. Further high-quality clinical studies and animal experiments are needed to better understand this association.
Scattering-induced entropy boost for highly-compressed optical sensing and encryption
Authors: Zhan Xinrui , Chang Xuyang , Li Daoyu , Yan Rong , Zhang Yinuo , Jang Mooseok , Zhang Jun , Bian Liheng
Published: June 2023

Image sensing often relies on a high-quality machine vision system with a large field of view and high resolution. It requires fine imaging optics, has high computational costs, and requires large communication bandwidth between image sensors and computing units. In this paper, we propose a novel image-free sensing framework for resource-efficient image classification, where the required number of measurements can be reduced by up to two orders of magnitude. In the proposed framework for single-pixel detection, the optical field for a target is first scattered by an optical diffuser and then two-dimensionally modulated by a spatial light modulator. The optical diffuser simultaneously serves as a compressor and an encryptor for the target information, effectively narrowing the field of view and improving the system’s security. The one-dimensional sequence of intensity values, which is measured with time-varying patterns on the spatial light modulator, is then used to extract semantic information based on end-to-end deep learning. The proposed sensing framework is shown to obtain over a 95% accuracy at sampling rates of 1% and 5% for classification on the MNIST dataset and the recognition of Chinese license plates, respectively, and the framework is up to 24% more efficient than the approach without an optical diffuser. The proposed framework represents a significant breakthrough in high-throughput machine intelligence for scene analysis with low bandwidth, low costs, and strong encryption.
After Twelve Years, are there any developments in the Attitudes and Practices of Oncologists toward Fertility Preservation in Saudi Arabia?
Authors: Arafa Mostafa Ahmed , Abdulkader Seham Majid , Farhat Karim , Rabah Danny Munther , Awartani Deana Khalid , Aldriweesh Amani Abdulrahman , Awartani Khalid Arab , Mohamed Doaa Ali , Alkahtani Mashel Khaled , Alsadhan Ghadh Abdulaziz , Al-Atawi Mohamed Abdullah
Published: June 2023

Background
Current practice of offering fertility preservation counseling and treatment has become one of the focal points in patient care throughout cancer treatment. The turning point was the approval of the Council of Senior Religious Scholars four years ago to freeze tissues from the ovarian membrane, the entire ovary, and the eggs for later use in reproduction to preserve the offspring. Thus, we aimed to assess any development in oncologists' knowledge, attitude, and referral practices toward fertility preservation (FP) in Saudi Arabia.
Results
Most oncologists showed superior knowledge and positive attitudes toward FP; however, their referral practices could be better. Most were familiar with FP options. The most significant factors influencing the oncologist-patient FP discussion were the number of existing children (96.6%), marital status, cost, and type of cancer (76.7%, 65.7%, and 58.9 respectively).
Conclusions
There is a significant improvement in the knowledge and attitude of oncologists toward FP. However, patients' counseling and referral to fertility services still need to be improved. There is a shortfall in the clinical practice guidelines for FP in cancer patients in Saudi Arabia. The implementation of clinical practice guidelines would enhance FP. However, patients' counseling and referral to fertility services still need to be improved.
Advanced methods for insect nets: Red-colored nets contribute to sustainable agriculture.
Authors: Tokumaru Susumu , Tokushima Yoshiaki , Ito Shun , Yamaguchi Terumi , Shimoda Masami
Published: June 2023

Development of advanced pest control methods that do not rely on insecticides is an important issue for sustainable agriculture. Particularly with regards to micro pests that are not only highly resistant to various insecticides but also because we are running out of options for which insecticide to use against them, resulting in enormous economic damage worldwide. Here we report that the effectiveness of the conventional insect net can be greatly advanced by changing their color to red that helps significantly reduce pesticide use. We demonstrate the red effect using Onion thrips, Thrips tabaci a main vector of Iris Yellow Spot Virus (IYSV) and Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV) that cause serious damage to various vegetables. New red nets succeeded in suppressing the invasion rates and damages (white spots on the leaves) in a Welsh onion greenhouse with minimum use of pesticides. We discuss how red nets are compatible with labor-saving, sustainable agriculture and the future potential of “optical pest control” based on insect color vision and its behavioral response.
Modelling and analysis of a continuous rotor system Part II: Analyzing the effect of nonlinearities on the system dynamics
Authors: Malgol Amit , Jayaprakash Aryan Y , P Vineesh K , Saha Ashesh
Published: June 2023

The nonlinear analysis of a continuous rotor system (CRS) is performed in this paper. The CRS model is derived with the inclusion of some important factors, like the gyroscopic effect, the rotary inertia of disc and shaft, large shaft deformation, and constraint to the axial motion of the shaft at the bearing ends. The entire derivation is explained in the first part (Part I) of this two-part article. The nonlinear system is analysed in this second part. Method of multiple scales is applied to obtain the autonomous amplitude and phase equations for simultaneous resonance conditions. Comparison of the analytical and numerical results yield a close match. Localized and nonlocalized oscillations are examined. Linear stability analysis is performed to assess the stability of steady-state solutions. Expressions for critical value of a parameter along both directions are derived to determine the emergence of limit points (LPs). A comprehensive parametric analysis is conducted to investigate the impact of various system parameters on the system dynamics. To examine the nature of vibration of CRS, time-response, phase-plane, amplitude-frequency, and phase-frequency diagrams are plotted. Various intriguing non-linear phenomena such as multivalued solutions, multiple loops, and multiple jump phenomena are observed.
Modelling and analysis of a continuous rotor systemPart I: Derivation of governing equations and analysis of linear system
Authors: Malgol Amit , S Namitha , P Vineesh K , Saha Ashesh
Published: June 2023

In this paper, a continuous rotor system is modelled by considering some critical factors, like the gyroscopic and rotary inertia effects of disc and shaft cross-sections, large shaft deformation, and restriction to shaft axial motion at the bearings. The bearings are replaced by springs along horizontal and vertical directions. Governing partial differential equations (PDE’s) for the vibrations of the disc along the horizontal and vertical directions are derived by employing the Hamiltonian principle. The governing equation is then transformed into a set of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using method of modal projection. The large deformation and restriction to axial motion of the shaft yields nonlinearities in the system governing equations. Only the linear system is analysed in this first part. The parameters in the dimensionless form of the governing equations are functions of some independent variables which are associated to the material and geometrical properties of the rotor system. Understanding the effect of the system properties on the response characteristics will lead to an appropriate design. Exact analytical solutions for the motion along horizontal and vertical directions are obtained. The effect of the independent parameters on the system dynamics are analysed wherein the variation of the dependent parameters are also monitored. The system dynamics are explored using time-displacement responses, phase-plane plots, frequency response diagrams, phase angle plots and Campbell diagrams.
Genotypic relationships and phylogeography of the genus Oscheius (Rhabditidae: Rhabditomorpha) with a new entomopathogenic isolate of Oscheius tipulae Lam and Webster, 1971
Authors: Mahboob Mohammad , Bashir Ishrat , Tahseen Qudsia
Published: June 2023

Purpose
Oscheius tipulae has attracted attention of researchers due to its entomopathogenic character besides serving as a good model for studying development, behaviour, and host-parasite interactions. The main aim of the study is to describe a new isolate O. tipulae first time from India. The study also resolved the exact status of the two species viz., O. siddiqii and O. niazensis described by Tabassum and Shahina (2010) from Pakistan.
Methods
The relationship of the new isolate with congeners was ascertained by D2/D3-based phylogenetic analysis. A haplotype network was also constructed along with the phylogeography of the taxa to evaluate the degree of divergence within the species, and their worldwide distribution. To examine the congruency between morphological and molecular traits, a morphology-based phylogenetic tree was also constructed.
Results
The present paper deals with the integrative approach of taxonomy of O. tipulae reported first time from India. The new isolate of O. tipulae extracted from darkling beetle (Tenebrionidae), from Jammu and Kashmir was re-described using morphological and molecular data. The study also revealed that the species O. siddiqii Tabassum and Shahina, 2010 and O. niazensis Tabassum and Shahina, 2010 are similar and close to O. shamimi Tahseen and Nisa, 2006 except the dissimilar lip morphology of O. niazensis Tabassum and Shahina, 2010 which needed reconfirmation based on the type specimens.
Clinicopathological and prognostic features of colorectal mucinous adenocarcinomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Xiao , Wang Haoran , He Haoqing , Lv Kai , Yuan Wenguang , Chen Jingbo , Yang Hui
Published: June 2023

Background
Many studies have explored the clinicopathological features and prognosis between colorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma (MAC) and adenocarcinoma (AC) and have given different results. This meta-analysis summarizes previous evidence and evaluates the clinicopathological and prognostic features of MAC relative to AC in colorectal cancers (CRCs).
Methods
The meta-analysis was conducted by searching the databases of PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WANFANG data, Embase, and Web of Science. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the clinicopathological and prognostic differences between MAC and AC.
Results
56 studies involving 803157 patients met the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. The clinicopathological features of MAC were greatly different from AC, except for lymphatic invasion (OR = 1.07, 95% CI: 0.99–1.15, P = 0.09) and perineural invasion (OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.79–1.06, P = 0.09). Further investigation found that MAC predicted poor OS (HR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.03–1.04, P < 0.01), but not DFS in CRCs (HR = 1.01,95% CI: 0.88–1.17, P = 0.85). Subgroup analysis found that MAC was obviously correlated with OS in patients with different recruitment time, with tumor located in rectum, from different regions, with different sample sizes and with TNM stage in II, and calculated by different data types(P < 0.01).
Conclusions
This study shows that MAC displays obviously different clinicopathological features compared with AC. And MAC has a poor OS relative to AC but the DFS was comparable.
Research on the Statistical Law of Coal Mine Safety Accidents and the Impact of Safety Policies on Accidents in China
Authors: Zhu Anyu , Wang Qifei , Liu Haolin , Zhu Hongqing , Lei Yun
Published: June 2023

This study investigates the correlation between previous coal mine safety policies and accidents in China. Data on coal mine accidents and government regulatory information from 2008 to 2021 are collected. The characteristics of coal mine accidents are analyzed, and safety policy indexes are identified. An ordinary least squares (OLS) regression model is established to quantitatively analyze the correlation between accidents and safety policy. The study finds that safety policies have some impact on accident occurrence in coal mines. Although there has been a decrease in accidents and deaths over time, higher mortality rates are observed during periods of increased production intensity and on weekends. Gas accidents are the most common, followed by roof and flood accidents. The study concludes that national safety policies with wider coverage and a stronger system are effective in preventing accidents, but caution should be exercised to avoid reduced vigilance with decreasing death rates.
Comparison of Chest Ultrasound to Chest Radiography in screening for Pediatric Tuberculosis
Authors: Erem Geoffrey , Otike Caroline , Okuja Maxwell , Ameda Faith , Nalyweyiso Dorothy Irene , Bugeza Samuel , Mubuuke Aloysius Gonzaga , Kakinda Michael
Published: June 2023

Background There is a lack of robust data on the utility of chest ultrasound scans (CUS) for triage and screening for pediatric TB. Therefore, we set out to compare CUS findings to chest radiography (CXR), which is the recommended imaging modality in children with presumptive PTB.Methods Eighty children up to 14 years of age with presumptive TB had a CUS and CXR performed by two separate radiologists, who looked for the presence of consolidation, lymphadenopathy and pleural effusion on both modalities. These were compared using Fisher’s exact test for independence to determine whether there was a significant difference in the findings between the two modalities. Cohen's kappa coefficient was used to calculate the inter-reader agreement between CXR and CUS. The following interpretations of the results were used: less than zero, no agreement; 0 to 0.20 slight agreement, 0.21 to 0.40 fair agreement, 0.41 to 0.60 moderate agreement, 0.61 to 0.80, substantial agreement and 0.81 to 1, almost perfect agreement. STATA version 15 was used for analysis.Results The proportion of children with abnormal findings (consolidation, lymphadenopathy and pleural effusions) on CUS was 65% (52/80) and 81.3% (65/80) on CXR. 62.5% (33/52) of those with abnormal findings on CUS and 51.3% (33/65) on CXR were likely to have TB. The overall inter-reader agreement for these characteristics was moderate (κ-0.42).Conclusion CUS detected more abnormalities in children with suspected TB. Overall, the findings were comparable to those of CXR, except for lymphadenopathy. Ultrasound is a promising screening and triage tool for treating pediatric TB. However, there is a need to compare the CUS with the gold standard.
Road Safety and its Effect on the Accident Rate in Santiago De Cali (2005 to March 2023)
Authors: Chate Dainer Orlando Cruz
Published: June 2023

Objective. Examines the impact between road prevention and accidents (According to article 2 of the National Traffic Code Law 769 of 2002, a traffic accident is defined as: a generally involuntary event, generated by at least one moving vehicle, which causes damage to people and property involved in it and also affects the normal circulation of vehicles that move along the road or roads included in the place or within the area of influence of the event) in Cali, specifically, analyzing the influence of sanctions for violations of traffic regulations on the occurrence of road accidents with victims. Methods. The effects produced by the sanctions for infractions to traffic regulations in drivers, men and women, taking into account their ages, on their road accident rate where they were victims when driving on the roads of Santiago de Cali were analyzed. The effect generated by lifeguard cameras (SAST - Automatic, semi-automatic systems and other technological means for the detection of infringements, regulated by Law 1843 of July 14, 2017) on road accidents was also analyzed. Results. The number of summonses imputed to the driver affects the number of accidents with an approximate increase of 2.07%. Young drivers increase their risk of being a victim of a road accident by 470.68%, while older drivers reduce their risk by almost 100%. Male drivers are 0.9% more likely to be victims of road accidents than women. Drivers penalized through lifeguard cameras represent an effect towards the decrease of 1.07% of being involved as a victim of a road accident. Conclusions. The road prevention actions carried out by the Special District of Santiago de Cali, through the imposition of subpoenas for violation of traffic signals are related to the number of road accidents in which drivers are implicated as victims, especially those sanctions originating from life-saving cameras (SAST mechanisms). Such a relationship has been generating a positive impact in the reduction of road events, as well as in the risks of drivers being injured or killed when avoiding good conduct. Drivers between the ages of 20 and 45 are the most prone to road risks with injury or death and, furthermore, more than half of them were involved in road accidents without having registered any preventive sanction.
Developing a predictive nomogram evaluate missed diagnosis risk of High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion+(HSIL+) in patients with Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL)
Authors: Zeng Yong , Zhang Lin , Liu Fang , Zhang Xufeng , Yang Jing , Zheng Yahong , Zhou Meiyuan , Xia Bo , Liu Yan , Yi Cunjian , Chen Keming
Published: June 2023

Objective
Patients with abnormal cervical cancer screening and pathologically diagnosed as LSIL by colposcopic biopsy had a risk of missed diagnosis of HSIL+. To explore the possible risk factors of missed diagnosis of HSIL + in patients with LSIL diagnosed by colposcopic biopsy. Having a predictive model may help to reduce the rate of missed diagnosis.
Methods
The retrospective single-center study involved 505 patients with LSIL diagnosed by colposcopic biopsy and treated with surgery. The enrolled patients were divided into a training set and a validation set. Logistic regression was used to establish a predictive model which generated risk scores for missed diagnosis HSIL+. The model was a nomogram and was assessed with goodness of fit test,calibration and decision curves.
Results
HPV16/18 infection (OR 2.071; 95%CI 1.039–4.127;p = 0.039), TCT ≥ ASC-H(OR 4.147; 95%CI 1.392–12.355༛p = 0.011), TZ3 (OR 1.966; 95%CI 1.003–3.853༛p = 0.049) and Colposcopic impression G2 (OR 3.627; 95%CI 1.350–9.743; p = 0.011) were the independent risk factors for missed diagnosis of HSIL+. The nomogram model based on these factors had a high predictive value, which was internal validated(AUC:0.747(95% CI: 0.672–0.822)) and external validation(AUC:0.83 (95%CI༚0.716–0.944)). Calibration suggested good coherence between training set and validation set. Decision curve analysis also suggested the model had high clinical practical value.
Conclusion
HPV16/18 infection, TCT ≥ ASC-H, TZ3 and colposcopic impression G2 were independent risk factors for patients preoperative with LSIL missed diagnosis of HSIL+, and the nomogram model based on these factors had good guiding value in helping clinicians to avoid missed diagnosis of HSIL + and overtreatment of LSIL.
Incremental prognostic value of functional impairment assessed by six minute walking test for the prediction of mortality in heart failure
Authors: Scrutinio Domenico , Guida Pietro , Rovere Maria Teresa La , Vecchia Laura Adelaide Dalla , Forni Giovanni , Raimondo Rosa , Scalvini Simonetta , Passantino Andrea
Published: June 2023

Natriuretic peptides (NP) are recognized as the most powerful predictors of adverse outcomes in heart failure (HF). We hypothesized that a measure of functional limitation, as assessed by six-minute walking test (6MWT), would improve the accuracy of a prognostic model incorporating a NP. We studied the prognostic value of severe functional impairment (SFI), defined as the inability to perform a 6MWT or a distance walked during a 6MWT <300 m, in 1696 patients with HF admitted to cardiac rehabilitation. The primary outcome was 1-year all-cause mortality. After adjusting for the baseline multivariable risk model -including age, sex, systolic blood pressure, moderate-to-severe anemia, renal dysfunction, sodium level, and NT-proBNP- or for the MAGGIC score, SFI had an odds ratio of 2.58 (95% CI 1.72-3.88; p <.001) and 3.12 (95% CI 2.16-4.52; p<.001), respectively. Adding SFI to the baseline risk model or the MAGGIC score yielded a significant improvement in discrimination and risk classification, with the majority of the patients with events being reclassified upwards. Our data suggest that a simple, 6MWT-derived measure of SFI is a strong predictor of death and provide incremental prognostic information over well-established risk markers in HF, including a NP, and over the MAGGIC score.
Becoming a Podiatrist: an exploration of the practices and processes which underpin the acquisition of a professional identity
Authors: Tobbell Jane , Roberts Peter
Published: June 2023

Background Undergraduate podiatry degrees are designed to enable students to become professional podiatrists. To be successful students must manage academic and practical activity to ultimately acquire a professional identity. Little is known about the practices and processes which underpin the acquisition of a professional podiatry identity and it is the aim of this paper to begin to address this absence of knowledge. Community of Practice theory, arguably the dominant contemporary learning theory, represents identity shift as an interaction of imagination, engagement and alignment which enables students to successfully participate in the higher education, and ultimately, the professional context. This success is underpinned through assisting students to develop and exercise agency in their learning and doing.Methods Here we present findings that emerged from a yearlong ethnography in a successful higher education podiatry department. The project followed students and staff in the classroom and the clinic and explored their experiences through interviews.Results The findings suggest that the journey to professional identity is facilitated through meaningful learning relationships between staff and students and clarity around professional practices. Here we discuss how those relationships form and enable undergraduates to become podiatrists.
Changes in vaccination coverage before and after COVID-19 pandemic in children under one year in the health district of Commune V in Bamako, Mali
Authors: Diallo Mountaga , Dicko Ilo , Dembélé Samou , Konaté Brahima , Doumbia Cheick Oumar , Sanogo Ibrahim , Togola Ousmane Boua , Konaté Drissa , Sangaré Moussa , Thiam Hawa , Coulibaly Yaya Ibrahim , Diawara Sory Ibrahim , Toloba Yacouba , Coulibaly Adama Balla , Diakité Mahamadou , Doumbia Seydou
Published: June 2023

Introduction Although an essential frontline service in the prevention of child morbidity and mortality, there are indications that routine vaccinations have been disrupted during the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study aimed to compare vaccination coverage before COVID-19 in Mali in 2019 and one year after COVID-19 in 2020. Objective To compare vaccination coverages before COVID-19 in Mali in 2019 and one year after COVID-19 in 2020. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting and participants We collected routine immunization data from 2019 and 2020 of children under one year in the health district of Commune V in Bamako which includes twelve community health centers (CSCom). Results Overall, vaccination coverage of the nine vaccines was higher in 2019 (89.4%) compared to 2020 (79%; p < 10− 3). In 2020, low proportions of children vaccinated were observed in May (54.8%) two months after the first COVID-19 case in Mali on March 25, 2020. For all vaccines, the mean number of children vaccinated in 2019 (before COVID-19) was significantly higher than those vaccinated in 2020 after COVID-19 (p < 0.05). However, in January 2019, the number of children vaccinated with Meningococcal A vaccine in Africa (MenAfriVac), Yellow fever vaccine (VAA) and Measles vaccine (VAR) was lower in 2019 compared to 2020 (p < 10− 3). Likewise in January 2019, in September 2019 and October 2019 BCG vaccine coverage was lower in 2019 compared to 2020 (p < 10− 3). Conclusion COVID-19 pandemic has affected routine childhood vaccine coverage in Commune V of Bamako, particularly in May 2020. Therefore, new strategies are needed to improve vaccine coverage in young children below 1.
Examining the Joint Coordination during Dynamic Balance Learning using Vector Coding and Statistical Parametric Mapping Analyses
Authors: Kim Sungmin , Qu Feng , Wang Yi , Lam Wingkai
Published: June 2023

The objective of this study was to examine the changes in balance performance, kinematic variables, and joint coordination of lower extremities during the entire Y-balance task learning. Twenty female university students completed five consecutive blocks of Y-balance learning from Days 3 to 7 (135 trials), a pre-test and test day were performed on Day 1 and Day 9. Maximum reach distance, peak joint angle, and joint coordination in anterior (AL), posterolateral (PL), and posteromedial (PM) directions were measured to indicate the efficacy of Y-balance performance. An ANOVA with repeated measures was performed for the maximum reach distance across learning blocks to confirm the learning occurred. Paired t-tests were used to compare maximum reach distance and joint angle variables between pre-test and test block to evaluate the differences in lower limb biomechanics. Alpha was set at 0.05. The results indicated that the maximum reach distance on Day 5 was longer than on other Days (p < .05). As for both PL and PM directions, the maximum reach distance was significantly increased after learning (p < .05). Hip flexion (PL/PM), abduction (PM), internal rotation (PM), external rotation (PL) angles were increased after learning. The knee joint flexion angle was increased in AL and PL directions. Only the ankle dorsiflexion angle was increased in the AL direction (p < .05). The joint coordination appeared that the knee and hip joints were performed in internal rotation simultaneously. Ankle and knee joint coordination was performed through dorsiflexion and flexion strategy (p < .05). The SPM analysis indicated, significant differences for ankle sagittal plane of AL direction, hip horizontal, hip/knee sagittal and hip/knee sagittal plane of PL direction, and hip/knee sagittal and hip frontal/horizontal plane of PM direction (p < .05). These data suggest that dynamic balance ability of novice participants can be improved which is related to the coordination pattern changes after learning. The results from this study can apply to other populations to improve dynamic balance for preventing fall injuries.