bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Improved Playfair Encryption Technique Using Fibonacci Series Generated Secret Key
Authors: Vasim Ahamad Mohd , Urrahman Siddiqui Misbah , Masroor Maria , Fatima Urooj
Published: November 2018

With the technology advancements and easy availability of internet, every day millions of users share information electronically through emails, file sharing, e-commerce, etc.  As, internet is highly vulnerable to various attacks, sending sensitive information over the Internet may be dangerous. One of the ways to protect the sensitive Information is using the cryptographic techniques. So, while sharing sensitive information over the Internet, it should be sent in encrypted form to prevent the access by unauthorized person. Encryption can be     defined as the process of transforming information in such a manner that only authorized person can understand the shared information. In this paper, we have taken Playfair encryption algorithm for encryption and modified it by using Fibonacci series. Fibonacci series is used to generate a random key, which is used for encrypting the message in Playfair encryption algorithm. Using Fibonacci numbers and generating random keys provide significant security to shared information.
Numerical Method for Modeling the Turbofan Engine Tonal Fan BPF Noise Generation and Propagation Accounting the SAS Complex Acoustic Impedance
Authors: F. Timushev Sergey , N. Gavrilyuk Vladimir , A. Aksenov Andrey , A. Kharchenko Sergey
Published: November 2018

Noise reduction issues in the developed world receive an increasing attention, which is reflected in a great tightening of the noise level requirements. For the practical solution of this problem authors propose a new high-performance numerical modeling method of three-dimensional tonal noise acoustic field generated by the fan as a bladed machine. The method is based on solving a boundary value problem for Fourier transformed convective wave equation with complex variables in a Cartesian coordinate system in the arbitrary domain with impedance boundary conditions by finite volume method. The noise source is set in the form of sound power on the surface near the rotor that bounds the area of the vortex perturbations (pseudosound). Sound power is determined by acoustic-vortex method. There are shown examples of the method validation and application.
Engineering Investigations of Dufour and Soret Effect on MHD Heat and Mass Transfer with Radiative Heat Flux in a Liquid over a Rotating Dick.
Authors: Ismail Mohmand Muhammad , Bin Mamat Mustafa , Shah Qayyum
Published: November 2018

This paper deals with the examination effect of Dufour and Soret Effect on MHD heat and mass transfer with radiative heat flux in a liquid over a rotating dick. The problem is solved by HAM (Homotopy Analysis Method). The arrangement of Non-Linear Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) which administer the stream, heat and mass exchange qualities is changed into Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs). It is discovered from the current exploration that Dufour and radiation impacts cause diminishments in the liquid temperature. The effect of suction diminishes the speed, temperature, what’s more, focus profiles essentially in the limit layer.
Numerical Investigation on Effect of Multiple Winglets for Wind Turbine Applications
Authors: G. Prasad. , M. Ramesh. , K. Rajasekar.
Published: November 2018

The present article is an effort to examine the potential of multiple winglets to reduce the induced drag of the aerodynamic surface. The advantages of using multiple winglets include reduction of induced drag, increased L/D and improved performance of the Wind turbine. Computational Fluid Dynamics is utilized as to approach the effects of multiple winglets with NACA 24012 airfoil section for untwisted, rectangular wing. The testing of configurations is done at Reynolds number 290,000. FLUENT solver incorporated in ANSYS used for the numerical investigation of the steady flow over the wing. A substantial improvement in lift curve slope occurs with dihedral spread of the winglets. The dihedral spread also distributes the tip vortices.
Attribute based Access Control Scheme in Cloud Storage System
Authors: SeethaRamulu Banoth , Balaji H. , Suman Bashetty
Published: November 2018

Cloud Computing is an emerging technology now a days , where cloud is most preferable when there is data backup, storage and data distribution service with low cost. But cloud is semi honest in nature due to not reveled storage and security structure thus while storing and sharing cloud data , its suppose to honest and secured. When data owners outsource their data in secured manner system should assure the security, data integrity and confidentiality. Here we noticed secure access controlling is the prime objective for sensitive data management.in this regards we have been used ABE (Attribute based encryption) for the above objective. This paper concentrates on secure storage and sharing system.
A Group Tasks Scheduling Algorithm for Cloud Computing Networks based on QoS
Authors: K. Jairam Naik Dr. , Veda Vidhya B.
Published: November 2018

This article introduces a Novel Group-Tasks Scheduling Algorithm (NGTSA) which is used for allocating the tasks in the network of cloud computing by means of pertaining quality of services to gratify user’s desires. The tasks are categorized into five classes by the anticipated algorithm. Every one group contains the tasks with akin attributes (like, types of the users and tasks, size and latency of the task). Once the tasks are allocated to a precise group, scheduler starts assigning these tasks to accessible services. This assignment of tasks was performed in two steps: In Step-I is to decide which group tasks is to be scheduled foremost. Such decision will be based on the attributes of the tasks of each group. Hence, the groups which have higher task’s attribute values are scheduled foremost. Step-II is for taking internal decision that is which task from the selected group is scheduled foremost. This decision will be based on time needed for task’s execution. Therefore, the task which has the lowest time for execution will schedule foremost.
Travel Data Sequence from Multi-Source Recommendation System
Authors: Shobarani Ms. , Anandam Velagandula Dr. , Ravula Arun Kumar Mr. , Anandkumar B
Published: November 2018

Due to different sort of preferences and restrictions of a trip such as time source limitation and every tourist’s destination points the travel based recommendation has become a challenging task. Most importantly the data generated by the geo-tagged social channel from the geo based tag tweets, snapshots of credentials.  Due to examining this, extended data allows us to invent the profiles, daily mobility patterns, and results of the user’s. To resolve the issues and challenges of capacity providing their personalized and sequential travel to make package recommendation to a topical package model and to take using social media info in which mechanically mine person travel interest with another quality like time, cost, and period of wayfaring. Here, we had a proposal that a travel data sequence after a multi source recommendation system. We implemented a location recommendation system that derives personal preferences while accounting for restraints irremissibly by road capacity in order to change the demand of travel. We first infer unobserved preferences using a machine learning technique from data mining records. It extends our method to provide personalized suggestions based on user geo co-ordinates points. By utilizing the tree based hierarchal graphs (TBHG), location histories of the multiple users’ have been modeled.  In order to collect the selected places interest level and travel knowledge of user’s, the HITS model had developed based on TBHG. Finally, hybrid filtering approach based on HITS is utilized to get the global positioning system (GPS) based personalized recommendation system. And for image based search similar images with the tag information are retrieved for the query image users.
The Studying the Components of Social Capital and its Relationship with the Social Happiness in Iranian Students
Authors: Foroughinia Zadeh , Mohammadzadeh Hakimeh , Pourmirza Kalhori Reza , Kianipour Neda
Published: November 2018

The concept of social capital, due to its nature and content, is associated with almost all the issues in the human, social and health fields. On the other hand, the role of happiness and joy in mental health, physical health, and social inclusion are very important in the field of health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the components of social capital and its relation with social happiness of students in Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 2017. This study is descriptive-correlational. The research population consisted of 450 students in Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 2017who were selected by cluster sampling. Bullen& Onyx Standard Social Capital Questionnaire and Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (OHQ) were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient). Data analysis was performed using SPSS-23 software. In this research, social capital score was 3.17 ± 0.45 according to the students' score and the mean score of the social happiness was 3.68 ± 0.14. There was a positive and significant relationship between two variables of social capital and social happiness of students (r=0.423). Among the social capital fields, the variables of the value of life, trust, and security had the most and the least relationship with the overall social happiness. Social capital and its aspects have a direct and significant relationship with the social happiness; therefore, with increasing the social capital, the level of social happiness increases.
Influence of Particle Size Distribution of the Filtering Loading on the Size of Particles of A Disperse Phase of an Emulsion
Authors: D. Fazullin Dinar , V. Mavrin Gennady
Published: November 2018

Oil emulsions are formed in the course of oil production, transportation, storage and a wash of oil tanks. Some oil emulsions are highly dispersed and rather stable for division by methods of upholding, centrifugation and flotation. In work for effective division of an oil model emulsion the method of a contact coalescention received the filtering loadings from a granular and porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). Speed of filtration of a model oil emulsion through the filtering loading depending on the size of granules of PTFE is determined. Extent of division of an emulsion at filtration through loading with a size of granules of 0,5 mm of high, 89% for porous and 74,4% for granular PTFE, but with increase in the size of granules of the filtering loading extent of division of an emulsion decreases. The initial model emulsion is polydisperse system with sizes of particles of 567 - 3315 nanometers. After filtration through PTFE granules the size of particles of a disperse phase decreases, particles of oil coalesce and are late in a time, in a surface and space between granules. It is confirmed by formation of oil slicks on the surface of the filtering loading. And the size of granules of the filtering loading is less; the size of particles in an emulsion filtrate is less. By results of a research influence of particle size distribution of the filtering loading on the size of particles of a disperse phase of a filtrate of an emulsion is defined.Â Â
Modeling of the Cutting Edge Rounding Influence on the Tool Life in Processing A Gear Wheel by the Power Skiving Method
Authors: P. Balabanov Igor , N. Gilman Vitaliy , S. Timofeeva Tatyana , I. Faskhutdinov Airat
Published: November 2018

Modeling of the shaping by a milling cutter is made while forming the internal gear teeth of the driven gear wheel. The estimate of the cutting edge rounding influence on the tool life taking into account the wear-resistant coating. The effects of radii of 10 Î¼m, 15 Î¼m, 20 Î¼m, 25 Î¼m are simulated. At the edge radius of 10 Î¼m, the coating layer is rapidly collapses. At a radius of 15 Î¼m, the highest tool life is obtained. At the more high radii, the tools durability is decreases. A practical experiment was carried out on a cupped skiving cutter with AlTiCN-coating (PVD). Processed steel 41CrAlMo7 with hardness 241-287ÐÐ’. The simulation results were confirmed, the highest tools lifetime at a radius of 16.13 microns for 60 parts. As a result, for this type of processing and for this coating type of the cutting tool, the most optimal cutting edge rounding can be considered as the value of 15-18 Î¼m. It can be concluded that, perhaps, a more sharp edge from 10 to 15 Î¼m can be a positive effect on tools lifetime, in the case of uniform rounding over the entire cutter edge of the tools tooth (on the top and side tooth profile).Â
Peculiarities of Â«Techno-RÂ» Technology During Teaching French Language Grammarian Skills
Authors: K. Kuzmina Elena , N. Vassilie Valentina , I. Galeeva Gulnara , Leblanc CÃ©cile
Published: November 2018

The article describes the methodological basis of "Techno-R" technology, its substantive and procedural aspects. In the content aspect the technology "Techno-R" consists of eight blocks designed to develop the communicative competence of trainees. The communicative language competence consists of four blocks - vocabulary, grammar, phonetics, spelling, and speech is also represented by four blocks - speaking, listening, reading and writing. Each block has its own peculiarities in the content aspect, but the procedural aspect of the technology is one for all blocks. The technology includes the setting of an educational task, an indicative basis for speech actions, task performance training, carrying out control actions and competence level determination that is being developed. The authors set out an experimental study to teach grammatical skills of French language on the basis of the technology being developed. Empirically obtained data, subjected to statistical processing on the basis of Student's t criterion, demonstrate the value of T criterion > 3.3, which indicates the reliability of the conclusions about Techno-R technology effectiveness. In the article the authors made conclusions about the peculiarities of the abovementioned technology, its correctional nature, the combination with the known pedagogical technologies, the availability of language problems, creating the conditions for the transfer of grammatical skills and the production of student self-esteem in language competence development that stimulates the motivation of learning.Â Â
Implementation of Creating Start up Used Waste of Agroindustry Company
Authors: Hamdani Anwar , Fatonah Siti , Gusti Putu Diva Awatara I
Published: November 2018

This study aims to create new entrepreneurs by utilizing agroindustry waste companies so as to create business opportunities for communities around the agroindustry company's location and improve the company's rating in environmental management and protection (PROPER) with corporate social responsibility and community empowerment program.This research was conducted survey on agroindustry company in Indonesia. The sample in this study was conducted 40 respondents involved in the utilization of waste into added value company. Data collection methods are interview, observation, documentation, questionnaire and focus group discussion. Analysis technique used is spider net analysis.The results of this study indicate that creating new entrepreneurs can be done by utilizing waste agroindustry companies so as to provide employment opportunities and reduce unemployment, while agroindustry companies can benefit in the form of improved performance ratings in the protection and environmental management (Proper) so that a positive impact on reputation companies, ease of access to credit and sustainability of the company in the future.Â
Laboratory Research of the Effect Fertilizers on the Soil Structure
Authors: V. Okunev Rodion , S. Vaganova Elena , . .
Published: November 2018

Phosphorus is an important element of plant nutrition, affecting the biotransformation of nitrogen in soils. The effect of the application of phosphorus fertilizers on the mineralization of nitrogen in soils is actively studied, however, little attention is paid to their effect on the content of intermediate mineralization compounds, such as free amino acids. This study evaluated the effect of various doses of ground phosphate flour and simple superphosphate (0; 1.0, 2.1, 4.2, 10.6, 53.1, 212.5, 1062.5 g kg-1) in the incubation experiment on the content of 15 free amino acids in the soil. At various doses of ground phosphate flour, the total content of free amino acids ranged from 7.8Â±1.1 to 14.4Â±2.1 Î¼g kg-1, even the minimum recommended dose of ground phosphate flour (1.0 g kg-1) caused a significant decrease in their concentration. A high correlation between the amino acid concentration and the microbial biomass of the soil (Ð¡mic) is shown. In general, the use of superphosphate positively influenced both the microbial biomass of the soil and the content of free amino acids. At various fertilizer doses, the total concentration of free amino acids significantly increased in comparison with the control and varied from 37.5Â±8.5 to 67.1Â±15.2 Î¼g kg-1.Â Â
Engenieering Technology in Plastic Biodegradation by Large Bee Moth Larvae Depends on the Type of Polyethylene
Authors: V. Vasileva Anna , V. Medvedeva Iana , M. KostyukovaM. Kostyukova Nadezhda , N. Mukmin Malik , A. Shuralev Eduard
Published: November 2018

The objective of this research was to evaluate the processes of biodegradation of different types of polyethylene by G. mellonella larvae. The determination of the types of polyethylene samples was carried out by IR Fourier spectrometry. The structure of solid household waste includes polyethylene of different types. When assessing the degree of biodegradation, it was found that holes in the polyethylene samples of different sizes formed 5.3Â±2.4 - 28.7Â±9.4 units/day and 54.8Â±12.6 - 1867.8Â±38.6 mm2/day, and the mass of polyethylene samples, depending on the type, decreased on average by 1.5Â±0.5 - 51.0Â±6.5 Î¼g/day. The obtained results of survival, mobility, weight gain and melanization indicate the absence of negative health effects on larvae when eating polyethylene.Â Â
Information Technologies in Education: Forming the Competences of the Future
Authors: A. Averin Sergey , A. Alisov Evgenii , S. Murodhodjaeva Natalia , A. Noskov Igor , V. Tsaplina Olga , E. Osipenko Lyudmila
Published: November 2018

Specialists in the field of programming create a huge flow of software, which is mainly aimed at attracting children to specific software products that have a developing effect, rather, as a side effect. The developing effect is not diagnosed in such programs, but it is often declared by the developers. Scientific and methodological response of the pedagogical community to information challenges in the field of preschool education was the creation of the methodology of author's children's animation and the corresponding educational module. In the article two important competences of preschool children are considered, which are basic in relation to many other competences formed at an older age: developed imaginative thinking and developed research abilities. The development of these competences projects as a methodical waymark for the technical development of the methodology of author's children's animation.Thereby, the purpose of the article is to justify the creation of methods for author's children's animation that determines the development of imaginative Â thinking and research abilities of preschool-age children, taking into account the requirements of the modern information society.To achieve this goal, the following methods were used: content analysis; method of contrastive-comparative analysis of scientific and methodical materials; method of system analysis; method of mathematical and statistical data processing; expert appraisement, generalization of research results.Based on the results of the study, the theoretical foundations of the preschool-age child's competence were determined, a pilot study of the development of preschoolers' competencies, the development and introduction of the educational module "Multstudio I CREATE THE WORLD" into the practice of pre-school pedagogy as a potentially effective means of developing imaginative thinking and research abilities of children, development of recommendations for software providing multstudios in kindergarten.Â
The Implementation of Affective Evaluation in Elementary School Curriculum in Padang, West Sumatra Province, Indonesia
Authors: Bentri Alwen , . .
Published: November 2018

Evaluation is an important aspect in learning process. There are three aspects evaluated in learning process, namely: cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects. Evaluating psychomotor aspects has put elementary school teachers in difficulty due to too many aspects to be covered in the evaluation instrument which has caused impossibility to fully implement them. This condition has been made worse by the poor understanding of some teachers on the implementation of the affective evaluation. This study explored the implementation of affective evaluation in elementary schools in Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia.Â  It was descriptive-quantitative in nature the population of the study were all the elementary schools having implemented affective evaluation in the city. The sample size was 112 teachers taken from 9 (nine) model schools. Questionnaire was used to collect data and the collected data were then analyzed descriptively and displayed in diagrams. The result of the analysis showed that the implementation of affective evaluation instruments which covered: preparation, administration, and the analysis of the score by the elementary school teachers was categorized GOOD, this was supported by the facts that all aspects of the instruments of the competence had already been covered although but not yet optimal, some improvement should be done.Â Â
Engineering students’ motivation towards the involvement in volunteerism
Authors: Azrol bin Abdullah Rosmahalil , Hasril bin Amiruddin Mohd , Binti Abdul Kadir Zulida , Binti Kamarulzaman Robijah , . .
Published: November 2018

This study aims to examine the students’ motivation towards their involvement in volunteer activities. 399 students of Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia were selected as the samples of this study. This study employs the Volunteer Function Inventory (VFI) by Clary et.al. (1998). The findings were analysed using the IBM SPSS Statistics (Statistical Packages for Social Sciences) Version 22. The pilot study was conducted and the Alpha Cronbach value was 0.835. The results showed that the function of “understanding” (mean = 5.41) was the most dominant influence on respondents' perceptions towards volunteer activities. The findings also found that there was a weak positive relationship between the motivational function and the student's academic achievement. In addition, several research proposals are presented to further enhance the concepts of appreciation and sustainability in volunteer activities.
Europejskie koncepcje samorządu terytorialnego
Authors: POKŁADECKI Jacek
Published: November 2018

Territorial self-government is one of the fundamental institutions of a modern democratic state of law. There are numerous European traditions of self-government that have produced different concepts and, consequently, different theories of territorial self-government. The most important ones include the naturalist, state, and political theories. Each of them shows a different picture of the origin, essence and the scope of legal personality a territorial self-government has, of local communities, the position of the administrative unit of the commune and higher units. Depending on the concept one chooses, political and organizational solutions are differentiated, as are the tasks of territorial self-government units, the competences of its organs and the authority of state organs to exercise control and supervision. On the basis of the solutions adopted in every country, and at a given level of development of the state, the degree of decentralization of power, the degree of autonomy, self-reliance and independence of territorial self-government is determined.
Europa po Traktacie z Lizbony – słowa i rzeczywistość
Authors: KONOPACKI Stanisław
Published: November 2018

The Treaty of Lisbon, which became effective on December 1 2009, provides for the transformation of the European Union into a more democratic, efficient and united community. This paper attempts to assess to what extent its provisions are reflected in the current reality of a united Europe. On the one hand, democratic legitimization of the EU is growing as a result of increasing competencies of the European Parliament, the rights of national parliaments, and so-called citizens’ initiatives. However, the turnout in the last European elections, the increasing popularity of extremist right-wing parties, the work of the European Convention and restrictions imposed on the free movement of persons show that EU practice is far from the complete implementation of democratic values. Secondly, the Lisbon Treaty provides for higher EU efficiency in the international arena. This cannot be achieved, though, by electing people devoid of charisma, experience and a vision of a united Europe to the highest positions, such as EU president or chief of diplomacy. Last but not least, the new treaty provides for energy solidarity. Yet the work of the European Parliament, which is expected to translate these words into practice, is burdened by an increasing number of doubts and difficulties.
Organizacja, struktura oraz działanie ruchu anty- i alterglobalizacyjnego w państwach Unii Europejskiej
Authors: MILISZEWSKI Kamil
Published: November 2018

This paper discusses the main notions of the theory of organization and operation of a social movement that has been termed the anti-, and alter-globalization movement since the late 1990s. Its beginnings can be found in the protests of the populations of both Americas, mainly those of Mexico and the US, against a free-trade zone and agreements of states with international organizations. Attention should be paid to the structures the movement has built in European Union states, most closely related to globalization processes. Here both formal structures are encountered, such as the non-government organization Attac, and informal organizations operating on the principles of direct democracy. Formal organizations formulate legal and legitimate statutes and attempt to discuss the issues of globalization at the level of public debate. This is the path chosen by the parties of the so-called ‘new politics’ – prophetic, left-wing and libertarian parties. Informal organizations usually operate along principles of direct action and dialogue inside the movement itself. The key role in the shaping of the organizational structures of the anti-, and alter-globalization movements in Europe is played by the international European Social Forum, which is the venue for annual meetings and debates of different ideological currents.
Skutki akcesji Polski do Unii Europejskiej w ocenie głównych Kościołów chrześcijańskich w RP
Authors: KUSZTAL Aleksandra
Published: November 2018

Polish membership of the European Union became a fact in 2004. The fears and hopes of the main Christian churches in Poland as regards its consequences have already been at least partly verified. This verification has been partly positive, as the main Christian churches in Poland have obtained access to direct subsidies for arable land owners. However, there have also been disappointments, such as the disappointed hopes of the churches of minor denominations to obtain more balanced and actual equality of rights for different churches and religious denominations in Poland by virtue of Community law. Another disappointment concerned the expectation that due to their participation in integration processes Poles would abandon a certain religious and spiritual provincionalism, or their complete disregard of the opinions of representatives of churches and religious denominations in the process of the EU’s internal reforms. It can be observed that the intellectual and moral potential of such important institutions of social life as Christian churches in Poland has not been taken full advantage of in the European debate and discussion on integration. Unfortunately, it is also rather difficult to find any signs that this may happen in the future.
Mit totalitaryzmu i Platońska filozofia demokracji
Authors: PARADOWSKI Ryszard
Published: November 2018

A certain trend in political philosophy has associated Plato with a totalitarian tradition, which is disputed in this paper. The author argues that Plato could be included in the political philosophy of a democratic type, referring to the interpretation of the theory of ideas, presented in the text. This interpretation involves a certain understanding of the idea of the Good and the two principal methods of defining it, as well as ‘Plato’s dilemma’ (the Good above the Demiurge versus the Demiurge above the Good), and a peculiar Platonic way to resolve this dilemma. Additionally, the author confronts Plato’s dilemma with the axiological duality of the cultural message conveyed by the Old Testament. The author develops a hypothesis that especially (albeit not exclusively) as the author of The Republic, Plato laid the foundations for the political philosophy in general, but also, despite the disapproval of the Athenian democracy he manifested, for the philosophy of democracy, perceived as a kind of order, based on defining the Good by means of dialogue and the prevalence of so-defined Good over any kind of ‘Demiurge’, including a political Demiurge.
Postawy wobec Stanów Zjednoczonych: raport z międzynarodowych badań porównawczych
Authors: STĘPIŃSKA Agnieszka , HORDECKI Bartosz
Published: November 2018

The paper presents the results of surveys conducted among students in nearly thirty countries. The surveys concerned the students’ attitudes to the presidential elections in the USA in 2008, and their opinions on the candidates running for election. The attitudes towards the United States, its policy and culture were also surveyed. The results indicate that the attitudes of Polish respondents differ significantly from those of the respondents in other countries. In the fall of 2008, Polish respondents were relatively friendly towards Americans, appreciating their honesty, but disrespecting their incompetence and lack of knowledge. The Polish respondents’ assessments of American policy and culture, the US government and its operations in the international arena were also relatively mild. However, the results of Polish surveys were less favorable to US citizens than the results of earlier surveys. They confirmed that, during the George W. Bush presidency, the attitude of Polish society to everything American slowly, but consistently, grew colder. It seems reasonable to suggest this was a reaction to the US’s global policies and a result of Poles’ dissatisfaction with Polish-American bilateral relations.
Trójkąt Weimarski po rozszerzeniu UE – niewykorzystany intstrument polskiej polityki zagranicznej
Authors: WYLIGAŁA Helen
Published: November 2018

Following the enlargement of the European Union, Poland was expected to become a significant creator of European policy in the Community, and an equal partner to Germany and France. This was supposed to translate into intensified activity by Poland in the Weimar Triangle. New Weimar projects were expected to provide a new core for the EU, thus sparking a European integration process. However, over the five years of Poland’s membership in the EU, the inter-governmental Weimar initiative has diminished in importance, despite diplomats’ assurances of its useful character. On the other hand, trilateral ventures in social, cultural and regional areas have blossomed. The paper analyzes external and internal factors affecting the activity of the Weimar Triangle. The unused mechanisms of the Triangle and potential cooperation fields are discussed. This is done against the background of considerations on the change in priorities of Polish foreign policy after 2004, and Berlin and Paris’s search for strategic partners in an enlarged EU. The conclusion presents the answer to the question of whether the Weimar Triangle can still be included in the arsenal of instruments of Polish diplomacy, and what prerequisites might herald its revival in the near future.
Politologii polskiej meandry
Authors: JANOWSKI Karol B.
Published: November 2018

The paper contains the author’s attempt to review the history of Polish political science from World War II to the present day, its condition and characteristics. The progress political science has made in Poland has been crowned by its achieving the status of a rightful science, recognized by the representatives of numerous renowned fields of study. However, the factors that have contributed to the present status quo have also been administrative, even political. Yet these have neither determined the place of political science nor are they decisive in terms of its status in academia now. The stage of demonstrating its scientific status is already behind political science which, firstly, has demonstrated a clearly defined range of research issues, secondly, has undertaken significant research and arrived at valuable conclusions, and thirdly, has attracted competent, increasingly more versatile and thoroughly educated professionals. At present, political science is facing the challenges reminiscent of those faced by the remaining social sciences. In these terms, political science has not reached the limits of its transformation or capacity.
Seksualność w socjotechnice dyscyplinowania
Authors: PAWEŁCZYK Piotr
Published: November 2018

The paper ponders the subject of utilizing human sexuality in the process of social discipline. The author perceives this process as a modern form to subjugate an individual primarily on the basis of symbolic coercion. Making reference to the classical works of Michel Foucault the author emphasizes the factors that allow sexuality to be used for social programming. Foucault was critical of the idea that we experience the repression of a natural sexual drive, at least in its traditional meaning. In his opinion, multiplied knowledge of sex should be noted in Western societies, which leads to the hyper-development of sexual discourse, theory and the science of sexuality. He questioned the stereotypical understanding of sexual repressiveness, which determines a way of thinking in terms of a simple retaliation taken for inappropriate sexual behavior. He suggested that less observable programming control be introduced instead, based on disciplining. The limits of discourse are established by the admissible sexual relations. Whatever goes beyond this discourse, whatever is not contained within it, becomes abnormal and, potentially, repressed. The objectives of programming control and the limits of discipline are decided not only by the church and state, but also by business and media concerns, which fill the discourse with certain subjects thus deciding what dimensions of sexuality are permissible. Confessions that used to be confined to confessionals and psychoanalysts’ surgeries have become media commodities used not only marginally by pornography, but formatted to excite, fill voyeuristic needs and experience vicarious sensations. Discourse is becoming an area of apparent freedom, whereas in fact it is a means to discipline society. This seeming expansion of discourse limits to a lesser degree concerns the realm of problems and to a greater degree – accessibility. What used to be an object of communicative interest reserved for the elite has been included in mass discourse because this is the requirement of modern democracy and a liberal economy.
Stagnacja, ewolucja czy rewolucja. Ustrój Polski między 13 grudnia 1981 a 4 czerwca 1989 r. Mity i fakty
Authors: KOSMAN Marceli
Published: November 2018

The paper concerns the syncretistic, evolutionary nature of political transformation in Po- land prior to the introduction of political plurality in mid-1989. The author refers to the studies published in his books: Wojciech Jaruzelski wobec wyzwañ swoich czasów [Wojciech Jaruzelski and the challenges of his time] (2003) and Los genera3a [The General’s fate] (2008) where he confronts recorded facts with political propaganda. The evolution which eventually led to political plurality occurred in three stages. The first spanned the period ending when martial law was formally revoked after 586 days (on July 22, 1983), the second one was related to the office of Prime Minister that Wojciech Jaruzelski held (until September 25, 1985), and the third stage commenced when he gave up direct supervision of the government and assumed the office of Head of State (which continued to be combined with the actual power he held as 1st secretary of the Central Committee of the Polish United Workers’ Party (KC PZPR)). The last stage was to continue for nearly four years, excluding over 18 months of his presidency, held under completely different conditions. Yet these 18 months were significant for the evolutionary process of the handover of power. Jaruzelski took into consideration the international context, particularly the balance of power in the Kremlin. Real change took place there only after Mikhail Gorbachev assumed power on March 11, 1985. On May 29, 1985 the Polish parliament passed the law on the Constitutional Tribunal, announced three years earlier in an amendment to the Constitution of March 1982. On July 15, 1987 the parliament passed the law on the Defense of Human Rights. The State Tribunal began working at the same time. The first president of Poland after the transformation drew attention to these facts a few years later. The ex-President has become a skilful polemicist and political writer, documenting the peaceful political transformation in Poland after 1980.
W krzywym zwierciadle: propagandowa funkcja biuletynów samorządowych
Authors: ADAMCZYK Wojciech
Published: November 2018

The author points out the propagandist function as the main function of local self-government bulletins. These periodicals, published by local self-governments or their budgetary subordinates, frequently provide the main or even the only source of information about community matters, but they have transformed into a local elite’s propaganda tool. Con- sequently, this has led to an obvious limitation in two-way social communication in smaller administrative divisions and to the development of misinformation. As attention has become focused on propagandist activity, the principal objectives of a new social system and communication between the authorities and citizens that were set twenty years ago have been neglected. The paper also discusses the attempts at imposing legal limitations on local self-government publications and initiatives undertaken in this respect.
Andrzej Wierzbicki, Rosja: etniczność i polityka, Oficyna Wydawnicza ASPRA JR, Warszawa 2011, ss. 340.
Authors: BODIO Tadeusz
Published: November 2018

Andrzej Wierzbicki, Rosja: etniczność i polityka, Oficyna Wydawnicza ASPRA JR, Warszawa 2011, ss. 340.
Czynnik kulturowy w relacjach francusko-amerykańskich
Authors: LAKOMY Miron
Published: November 2018

French-American relations certainly are among the most complex and at the same time most controversial in French foreign policy. The main factors that determine the nature of relations between France and the US include culture. A few features can be pointed out here to demonstrate their unique nature. Firstly, the importance of anti-American sentiments and Francophobia (anti-French sentiments) should be emphasized. The roots of these broadly shared attitudes may be sought both in the past (the experiences ofWWIand WWII) as well as in the present political relations between the two countries. The French nation is generally critical of American foreign policy, the US social and economic system. In the USA, in turn, we come across a similar attitude of Francophobia. This mainly stems from the commonly shared image of France as a difficult, chaotic and unpredictable ally. While anti-American sentiments and Francophobia do not translate into political decisions made either in Washington or Paris, they still influence the atmosphere of mutual relations, as became apparent when American restaurant owners boycotted French wines during the Iraqi crisis. At the same time, though, both nations recognize each other’s achievements in such fields as culture, art or human rights. Secondly, the “conflict of universalism” described by Stanley Hoffman is worth noting. As both countries deem themselves to be the cradle of such universal values as liberty, equality, justice and human rights, they both assign themselves with a unique status among other countries. It is true that the repertoire of values France and the US represent is nearly identical, yet they are frequently understood differently on both sides of the Atlantic. Thirdly, the French-American relations are also profoundly influenced by the common French belief in France being an exceptional and powerful country. The national perspective and the manifestation of France’s privileged position in the international arena are to a significant degree present in their relations with the US. Ezra Suleiman, among others, observed that the French political elite were allergic to any forms of political, economic or cultural domination. Other issues that influence the state of French-American relations concern differences in the economic or social system, or the role of religion in the life of the state.
Jak zmierzyć demokrację? Skale pomiaru demokracji politycznej stosowane w politologii porównawczej
Authors: SZEWCZAK Wiktor
Published: November 2018

The author reviews and characterizes the most important scales for measuring the democracy of political systems, applied in Western, mainly Anglo-Saxon, comparative political science. He refers to his article published in a back issue of Przegl¹d Polityczny, where the fundamental theoretical and methodological issues of democracy measuring were presented, and tries to indicate how these issues are dealt with by various researchers whose scales and data bases are most common and most frequently referred to in research into political comparative studies. The paper describes S. Huntington’s analyses, the Freedom House scale, the IDEA assessment of the quality of democracy, the EIU democracy index, Bollen’s scale, the Political Regimes Project, the Polity Project, T. Vanhanen’s democracy index and the scale of polyarchy by Coppedge and Reinicke. As the author analyzes one scale and database after another, he tries to identify their strengths and weaknesses, determine the most characteristic properties of each proposal, and assess their applicability in comparative analyses, pointing to their potential benefits and the threats of using them. In conclusion, he recommends caution in the selection of a scale to become a foundation for potential analyses, while he acknowledges that this theoretical and methodological tool is highly useful.
Politologia wobec feminizmu a feminizm wobec politologii
Authors: KOŁODZIEJCZAK Magłorzata
Published: November 2018

The paper discusses the issue of the complex relationship between political science as a branch of academia and modern trends in feminism, understood as a collection of mutually related ideologies. The author emphasizes that both science and ideology are forms of politi- cal practice exercised in the same social and political reality. However, they are fundamen- tally different with respect to the hierarchy of their functions. The ‘clash’ of these two products of human activity produces political science on women and the politological analysis of feminism (subjected first and foremost to the scientific function) on the one hand, and various proposals of feminist modifications of political science that produce feministically re- formed political science and gynocentric political science (where the scientific function is subjected to social objectives) on the other.
Pozycja kobiet na rynku pracy w świetle regulacji Unii Europejskiej
Authors: BABIAK Jerzy
Published: November 2018

The position of women on the European labor market continues to be unstable. In order to make the opportunities for both genders equal at the EU level, appropriate regulations have been adopted since its beginnings. The first regulations focused on the issue of discrimination, aiming at a policy of anti-discrimination. The range of regulations in this area has gradually expanded to become an important part of EU policy. Any improvement in the situation is as- sessed in terms of increased competitiveness, innovativeness and economic growth. EU regulations and programs to promote gender equality, including those aimed at improving the situation of women on the labor market have now become a significant field of the Community’s activities. Progress there is already noticeable, although it continues to call for further commitment and cooperation on many levels.
Sytuacja kobiet na rynku pracy w Polsce
Authors: KACPERSKA Magdalena
Published: November 2018

The situation of women in the labor market in Poland depends on numerous complex micro- and macroeconomic factors. It results from the economic condition of the country and the global economic situation. It is a product of decisions made on a micro level as a result of macro circumstances. When discussing the employment market it should be borne in mind that it is not an ordinary market, such as the market for wellington boots or that of strawber- ries. The ‘product’ here is a human being and an ‘excess’ in the labor market creates a certain unfavorable outcome, namely unemployment. Just as an excess in the supply of wellingtons or strawberries leads to a drop in price, in the labor market it means cuts in salaries or stopping paychecks. That is why one of the tasks of the government is to provide people with the basic opportunity to get a job and earn money. Why then should the state react to the turbulence in the labor market when it does not necessarily have to do so in other markets? The answer is simply that wellingtons and strawberries do not have to provide for themselves and the family.
Zrównanie wieku emerytalnego w Polsce a kwestie równouprawnienia kobiet i mężczyzn na rynku pracy
Authors: ANDRUSZKIEWICZ Iwetta
Published: November 2018

The paper presents the solutions applying to retirement in Poland that combine two systems: the capitalization system and repartition. Trying to answer the question of whether different retirement ages for men and women is discriminatory, the author refers to the adjudi- cation of the Supreme Court and public opinion. The paper also indicates that the practice of giving notice of employment termination to women with permanent employment contracts only because they have acquired the right to retirement benefit violates the Constitution of Poland.
Romni wśród Romów. Kobieta w kulturze romskiej
Authors: ADAMCZYK Anita
Published: November 2018

The paper discusses the position of women in Romani society. The author presents the var- ious roles a romni (Romani for woman) plays. She refers to the rules of the moral and ethical code (romanipen) that significantly affects female behavior, determines the relationship be- tween females and males, and assigns women a lower position in society than men. The paper also discusses the ‘impurities’ that constitute a specific weapon Romani women can wield against men. The author observes the changes that are taking place in the world of modern romnis. They are increasingly more educated, professionally active and make independent decisions con- cerning their own future. It should be borne in mind, however, that they continue to live in a closed community that guards its traditions, language and privacy. To change the life of Romani women would mean their leaving this community and abandoning the fundamental principles of Romani life, which is difficult. Romani women do not struggle for these princi- ples to be abandoned completely, thus giving them equal rights. They continue to guard their traditions and hearth and home.