bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alpha-mannosidosis in Tunisian consanguineous families: Potential involvement of variants in GHR and SLC19A3 genes in the variable expressivity of cognitive impairment
Authors: Mkaouar Rahma , Riahi Zied , Charfeddine Cherine , Chelly Imen , Boudabbous Hela , Dallali Hamza , Bonnet Crystel , Hechmi Meriem , Bekri Soumeya , Zitouna Nadia , Zekri Lotfi , Tounsi Amel , Kefi Rym , Marrakchi Jihene , Messaoud Olfa , Kraoua Ichraf , Maalej Sonia , Turki Ben Youssef Ilhem , Ben Hmid Ahlem , Giraudet Fabrice , Bouchoucha Sami , Tebib Neji , Besbes Ghazi , Petit Christine , Mrad Ridha , Abdelhak Sonia , Trabelsi Mediha
Published: October 2021

Alpha-Mannosidosis (AM) is an ultra-rare storage disorder caused by a deficiency of lysosomal alpha-mannosidase encoded by theMAN2B1gene. Clinical presentation of AM includes mental retardation, recurrent infections, hearing loss, dysmorphic features, and motor dysfunctions. AM has never been reported in Tunisia. We report here the clinical and genetic study of six patients from two Tunisian families with AM. The AM diagnosis was confirmed by an enzymatic activity assay. Genetic investigation was conducted by Sanger sequencing of the mutational hotspots for the first family and by ES analysis for the second one. In the first family, a frameshift duplication p.(Ser802GlnfsTer129) was identified in theMAN2B1gene. For the second family, ES analysis led to the identification of a missense mutation p.(Arg229Trp) in theMAN2B1gene in four affected family members. The p.(Ser802GlnfsTer129) mutation induces a premature termination codon which may trigger RNA degradation by the NMD system. The decrease in the levels of MAN2B1 synthesis could explain the severe phenotype observed in the index case. According to the literature, the p.(Arg229Trp) missense variant does not have an impact on MAN2B1 maturation and transportation, which correlates with a moderate clinical sub-type. To explain the intra-familial variability of cognitive impairment, exome analysis allowed the identification of two likely pathogenic variants inGHRandSLC19A3genes potentially associated to cognitive decline. The present study raises awareness about underdiagnosis of AM in the region that deprives patients from accessing adequate care. Indeed, early diagnosis is critical in order to prevent disease progression and to propose enzyme replacement therapy.
The epidemiology of atopic dermatitis in older adults: A population-based study in the United Kingdom
Authors: Chan Leslie N. , Magyari Alexa , Ye Morgan , Al-Alusi Noor A. , Langan Sinead M. , Margolis David , McCulloch Charles E. , Abuabara Katrina
Published: October 2021

Background

Atopic dermatitis is known to be common among children, but there are few studies examining the epidemiology across the life course. In particular, there is a paucity of data on atopic dermatitis among older adults.

Objective

To evaluate participant characteristics, patterns of disease activity and severity, and calendar trends in older adult atopic dermatitis in comparison to other age groups in a large population-based cohort.

Methods

This was a cohort study of 9,154,936 individuals aged 0–99 years registered in The Health Improvement Network, a database comprised of electronic health records from general practices in the United Kingdom between 1994 and 2013. Atopic dermatitis was defined by a previously validated algorithm using a combination of at least one recorded atopic dermatitis diagnostic code in primary care and two atopic dermatitis therapies recorded on separate days. Cross-sectional analyses of disease prevalence were conducted at each age. Logistic mixed effect regression models were used to identify predictors of prevalent disease over time among children (0–17 years), adults (18–74 years), and older adults (75–99 years).

Results

Physician-diagnosed atopic dermatitis was identified in 894,454 individuals with the following proportions in each age group: 18.3% of children, 7.7% of adults, and 11.6% of older adults. Additionally, atopic dermatitis prevalence increased across the 2-decade period (beta from linear regression test for trend in the change in proportion per year = 0.005, p = 0.044). In older adults, atopic dermatitis was 27% less common among females (adjusted OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.70–0.76) and was more likely to be active (59.7%, 95% CI 59.5–59.9%) and of higher severity (mean annual percentage with moderate and severe disease: 31.8% and 3.0%, respectively) than in other age groups.

Conclusion

In a large population-based cohort, the prevalence of physician-diagnosed atopic dermatitis has increased throughout adulthood and was most common among males age 75 years and above. Compared to children ages 0–17 and adults ages 18–74, older adult atopic dermatitis was more active and severe. Because the prevalence of atopic dermatitis among older adults has increased over time, additional characterization of disease triggers and mechanisms and targeted treatment recommendations are needed for this population.
Surgical complications after caesarean section: A population-based cohort study
Authors: Larsson Charlotta , Djuvfelt Elin , Lindam Anna , Tunón Katarina , Nordin Pär
Published: October 2021

Background

The rate of caesarean section without medical indication is rising but the risk for surgical complications has not been fully explored.

Methods

Altogether 79 052 women from the Swedish Medical Birth Register who delivered by caesarean section only from 2005 through 2016 were identified and compared with a control group of women delivering vaginally only from the same register and the same period of time. By cross-linking data with the National Patient Register the risks for bowel obstruction, incisional hernia and abdominal pain were analysed, as well as risk factors for these complications. We also analysed acute complications, uterine rupture, and placenta praevia.

Findings

Caesarean section is associated with an increased risk for bowel obstruction (OR 2.92; CI 2.55–3.34), surgery for bowel obstruction (OR 2.12; CI 1.70–2.65), incisional hernia (OR 2.71; CI 2.46–3.00), surgery for incisional hernia (OR 3.35; CI 2.68–4.18), and abdominal pain (OR 1.41; CI 1.38–1.44). Smoking, obesity, and more than one section delivery added significantly to the risk for these complications.

Interpretation

Caesarean section is considered a safe procedure, but awareness of the risk for serious complications is important when deciding on mode of delivery. In this study, more than one section, obesity and smoking significantly increased the risk for complications after caesarean section. Prevention of smoking and obesity among fertile women worldwide must continue to be a high priority.
Epistemic values and the Big Five: Personality characteristics of those who ascribe personal and moral value to epistemic rationality
Authors: Ståhl Tomas , Turner James
Published: October 2021

People differ in how much personal importance, and moral relevance, they ascribe to epistemic rationality. These stable individual differences can be assessed using the Importance of Rationality Scale (IRS), and Moralized Rationality Scale (MRS). Furthermore, these individual differences are conceptually distinct, and associated with different cognitive, affective, and behavioral outcomes. However, little is known about what signifies and differentiates people who score high (vs. low) on the IRS and MRS respectively, and where these individual differences stem from. In the present research we begin to address these questions by examining how these epistemic values relate to the Big Five personality traits. Two studies consistently show that both the IRS and MRS are positively related to Openness to experience. However, only the MRS is negatively associated with Agreeableness, and only the IRS is positively associated with Conscientiousness.
Morphological symmetry of the radius and ulna—Can contralateral forearm bones utilize as a reliable template for the opposite side?
Authors: Hong Eunah , Kwak Dai-Soon , Kim In-Beom
Published: October 2021

The most important precondition for correction of the affected forearm using data from the contralateral side is that the left and right bone features must be similar, in order to develop patient-specific instruments (PSIs) and/or utilize computer-assisted orthopedic surgery (CAOS). The forearm has complex anatomical structure, and most people use their dominant hand more than their less dominant hand, sometimes resulting in asymmetry of the upper limbs. The aim of this study is to investigate differences of the bilateral forearm bones through a quantitative comparison of whole bone parameters including length, volume, bowing, and twisting parameters, and regional shape differences of the forearm bones. In total, 132 bilateral 3D radii and ulnae 3D models were obtained from CT images, whole bone parameters and regional shape were analyzed. Statistically significant differences in whole bone parameters were not shown. Regionally, the radius shows asymmetry in the upper section of the central part to the upper section of the distal part. The ulna shows asymmetry in the lower section of the proximal part to the lower section of the central part. Utilizing contralateral side forearm bones to correct the affected side may be feasible despite regional differences in the forearm bones of around 0.5 mm.
The effect of white and green LED-lights on the catch efficiency of the Barents Sea snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) pot fishery
Authors: Cerbule Kristine , Herrmann Bent , Grimaldo Eduardo , Grimsmo Leif , Vollstad Jørgen
Published: October 2021

In commercial snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) fishery, the catch efficiency of the conical pots is important for increasing the profitability of the industry. This study evaluated the effect of adding green and white light emitting diodes (LED) on the catch efficiency of commercially used conical pots. The results from the field experiments showed that inserting artificial lights significantly increases the catch efficiency for snow crab over the minimum landing size of 95 mm carapace width of up to 76% when using green LED, and by 52–53% on average when using white LED. This study shows that it is possible to improve the catch efficiency of the snow crab fishery by applying artificial LED lights to the conical snow crab pots, potentially resulting in an important economic benefit to the snow crab fishery.
Loss of prion protein control of glucose metabolism promotes neurodegeneration in model of prion diseases
Authors: Arnould Hélène , Baudouin Vincent , Baudry Anne , Ribeiro Luiz W. , Ardila-Osorio Hector , Pietri Mathéa , Caradeuc Cédric , Soultawi Cynthia , Williams Declan , Alvarez Marjorie , Crozet Carole , Djouadi Fatima , Laforge Mireille , Bertho Gildas , Kellermann Odile , Launay Jean-Marie , Schmitt-Ulms Gerold , Schneider Benoit
Published: October 2021

Corruption of cellular prion protein (PrPC) function(s) at the plasma membrane of neurons is at the root of prion diseases, such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and its variant in humans, and Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathies, better known as mad cow disease, in cattle. The roles exerted by PrPC, however, remain poorly elucidated. With the perspective to grasp the molecular pathways of neurodegeneration occurring in prion diseases, and to identify therapeutic targets, achieving a better understanding of PrPC roles is a priority. Based on global approaches that compare the proteome and metabolome of the PrPC expressing 1C11 neuronal stem cell line to those of PrPnull-1C11 cells stably repressed for PrPC expression, we here unravel that PrPC contributes to the regulation of the energetic metabolism by orienting cells towards mitochondrial oxidative degradation of glucose. Through its coupling to cAMP/protein kinase A signaling, PrPC tones down the expression of the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4). Such an event favors the transfer of pyruvate into mitochondria and its conversion into acetyl-CoA by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and, thereby, limits fatty acids β-oxidation and subsequent onset of oxidative stress conditions. The corruption of PrPC metabolic role by pathogenic prions PrPSc causes in the mouse hippocampus an imbalance between glucose oxidative degradation and fatty acids β-oxidation in a PDK4-dependent manner. The inhibition of PDK4 extends the survival of prion-infected mice, supporting that PrPSc-induced deregulation of PDK4 activity and subsequent metabolic derangements contribute to prion diseases. Our study posits PDK4 as a potential therapeutic target to fight against prion diseases.
De autores, testigos y acusados. Trayectos de construcción de la imagen como prueba en las fotografías de la Masacre indígena de Napalpí
Authors: Giordano Mariana
Published: October 2021

La masacre de la reducción indígena de Napalpí (Territorio Nacional del Chaco, Argentina, 1924) es uno de los eventos violentos más significativos en el accionar del Estado argentino sobre poblaciones indígenas durante el siglo XX. Si bien la historiografía había referido a la ausencia de imágenes de la masacre, hace más de una década hallamos fotografías obtenidas por el antropólogo alemán Robert Lehmann Nitsche en el contexto de los hechos de violencia. En este texto retomamos ese corpus y los trabajos realizados en/con las comunidades indígenas analizando el rol de las imágenes como huella, testimonio y prueba. Ello nos permite discutir la categoría de “perpetrador” y los desplazamientos de roles en las narrativas construidas sobre la masacre. Las imágenes son analizadas tanto desde la producción, circulación y recepción, como en relación a mi rol de investigadora en las relaciones dialógicas y los trabajos colaborativos con las comunidades indígenas. Por ello también el texto alude a cuestiones metodológicas en el uso de las imágenes.
El perpetrador en el cine brasileño: genealogía de un personaje (1979-2007)
Authors: Morettin Eduardo Victorio , Napolitano Marcos , Seliprandy Fernando
Published: October 2021

El presente artículo analiza el personaje del perpretador en el cine ficcional brasileño en el período entre 1979 y 2007. Tal figura pertenece al aparato represivo del Estado y al extremismo de derecha que sostenía el régimen militar instaurado con el golpe de 1964. En la genealogía esbozada, se valora el diálogo de las películas con la materia histórica que las generó y sus efectos en el ámbito de la memoria. La periodización escogida tiene como origen dos filmes del corpus que analizamos: de Paula, a história de uma subversiva (1979), de Francisco Ramalho Jr., momento emblemático en esta representación, hasta Tropa de elite (2007), de José Padilha, cristalización de cierta tradición del cine brasileño de los años 1970 relacionada con la acción de policías que, en nombre del combate al crimen, ejercen sin control la violencia contra los denominados marginales. Veremos la manera en que el cine brasileño de los años 1970 y 1980 intuyó las relaciones entre la banda criminal de la policía y la estructura represiva dictatorial, poniendo en cuestión la aparente separación entre la naturaleza de la violencia política contra opositores y la de las violaciones policiales contra criminales comunes. Frente a esa mirada, en los años 1990 y 2000, se producen cambios en la figuración cinematográfica del torturador a la par de narrativas revisionistas de carácter conservador pautadas por la visión de la dictadura como reactiva a la resistencia armada de la izquierda y por la agenda de la violencia ilegal de Estado como estrategia legítima para la resolución de los conflictos políticos y sociales.
Por sus obras los conoceréis. Documentos de perpetrador y voces de víctimas en Retratos de identificação (Anita Leandro, 2014)
Authors: Sánchez Biosca Vicente
Published: October 2021

En los últimos años, el estudio de los perpetradores de violencia de masas ha crecido sustancialmente en publicaciones académicas, museos, memorias y cobertura mediática. Lo ha hecho cada vez con menos dependencia respecto a los influyentes y muy avanzados Holocaust Studies. Además, los horizontes de la investigación se han ampliado desde las personalidades y la maquinaria de destrucción al estudio más cercano de los documentos, objetos y mirada de los perpetradores. Es en este dominio donde se inscribe un film como Retratos de identificação de Anita Leandro (2014), film que, nacido de la investigación histórica, se propone reescribir mediante el uso de la composición y el montaje los documentos visuales y materiales de los perpetradores del primer caso difundido públicamente de tortura en Brasil en 1969. Poniendo a dialogar testimonios presentes, films militantes de los años setenta, fotografías policiales de fichaje e incluso la autopsia de un prisionero muerto bajo tortura, Anita Leandro se incorpora a esa corriente del documental cinematográfico que, en la línea de Harun Farocki o Chris Marker, consiste en interrogar y analizar las imágenes por medio de las imágenes mismas.
Intersectionality, Identity, and the Riddle of Class
Authors: Mezzadra Sandro
Published: October 2021

In this essay I discuss a specific notion that has become particularly influential in framing the discussion of identity and identity politics – intersectionality. I show that the original formulation of that notion was crucially intertwined with debates on class and class politics. After shedding light on the “prehistory” of intersectionality in black feminism, I discuss the original formulations of the concept in the works of Kimberlé Crenshaw and Patricia Hill Collins. A focus on the notion of “oppression” as well as on the tensions between “irreducibility” and “simultaneity” of systems of oppression in intersectional writings leads me to examine some of the pitfalls of identity politics today. An attempt to rethink the notion of class in the light of intersectionality closes the essay.
Identidad y estilos de vida
Authors: Callejo Javier
Published: October 2021

Tras definir el estilo de vida como un específico y diferencial sistema de comportamientos, el escrito desarrolla la intensa relación existente entre el mismo y la identidad. Para ello, acude inicialmente a algunas de las fuentes de la teoría sociológica clásica en las que se ha acuñado el concepto de estilo de vida. En principio, estilo de vida e identidad aparecen insertos en lógicas distintas. El estilo de vida en una lógica sintagmática, por la que comportamientos y actividades quedan ajustados entre sí, combinados, construyendo un pretendido horizonte de coherencia en la práctica. Sin embargo, la identidad pertenece a la lógica paradigmática, de lo ideal, donde lo que se persigue o gestiona son modelos. Precisamente, por sus lógicas diferentes, estilo de vida e identidad se alimentan entre sí. Los estilos de vida alimentan y estructuran materialmente identidades. Las identidades completan y estructuran ideológicamente los estilos de vida, dándoles sentido.
Carracedo, Almudena, y Bahar, Robert (2018). El silencio de otros. Pelicula
Authors: Ros Ferrer Violeta
Published: October 2021

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First report on molecular prevalence and identification of Anaplasma platys in dogs in Khon Kaen, Thailand
Authors: Sarker Biethee Rani , Mitpasa Thongphet , Macotpet Arayaporn , Bupata Pattara-Anong , Sangmaneedet Somboon , Taweenan Weerapol
Published: October 2021

Background and Aim: Anaplasma platys is a blood parasite that infects platelets, causing thrombocytopenia. Rhipicephalus sanguineus ticks are believed to transmit A. platys. To identify A. platys, nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has proven to be an effective diagnostic tool. In this study, the molecular prevalence of A. platys infection in dogs was investigated for the 1st time in the Khon Kaen region of Thailand. The association between risk factors and A. platys infection was also evaluated.

Materials and Methods: A total of 130 blood samples were collected from dogs in Khon Kaen, Thailand. DNA from the samples was extracted and nested PCR was applied for molecular analysis. Platelet count and packed cell volume (PCV) levels were measured. Platelet counts were categorized into four grades: Non-thrombocytopenia (platelets >200,000 cells/μL), mild thrombocytopenia (platelets 150,000-200,000 cells/μL), moderate thrombocytopenia (platelets 100,000-150,000 cells/μL), and severe thrombocytopenia (platelets <100,000 cells/μL). Four categories for PCV levels of >37%, 30-37%, 20-29%, and <20% were defined as no anemia, mild anemia, moderate anemia, and severe anemia, respectively. DNA sequencing was analyzed using BTSeq™ (Barcode-Tagged Sequencing; CELEMICS, Seoul, South Korea) for similarity index.

Results: Among the 130 samples, 9 (6.9%) were positive for A. platys infection. There was an association between low platelet count and infection (p<0.05). PCV level was also associated with A. platys infection (p<0.05). DNA sequencing results of the nine positive samples showed similarity to known sequences of A. platys with 99.36-100% nucleotide identity. These results suggested low genetic diversity in A. platys infecting dogs in the Khon Kaen area.

Conclusion: By amplifying 16S rRNA, A. platys infection was detected in the blood of Thai dogs. Further work should be performed to identify risk factors potentially associated with A. platys infection in dogs in Khon Kaen. Other related factors should also be considered, such as location and breeding, as well as the environmental characteristics of each locality. In addition, sampling a larger number of animals may reveal predictors for the positivity of A. platys in dogs in this region.
Successful Minimally Invasive Management of a Gastroduodenal Artery Pseudoaneurysm Causing Extrinsic Bile Duct Compression
Authors: Shell Mark , Reinhart Evan , Smith Stephen , DeMarris Darryl , Naumann Christopher
Published: October 2021

Gastroduodenal artery (GDA) pseudoaneurysms are rare clinical entities that typically develop in the setting of chronic inflammation of the pancreas, although idiopathic pseudoaneurysms can occur. Although GDA pseudoaneurysms carry the risk of rupture with resultant hemorrhage, they seldom are reported to cause biliary obstruction. We report a unique case of biliary obstruction secondary to extrinsic compression of the bile duct by a GDA pseudoaneurysm successfully managed by nonoperative means.
Genetic Signatures of Glucose Homeostasis: Synergistic Interplay With Long-Term Exposure to Cigarette Smoking in Development of Primary Colorectal Cancer Among African American Women
Authors: Jung Su Yon
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCTION:

Insulin resistance (IR)/glucose intolerance is a critical biologic mechanism for the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) in postmenopausal women. Whereas IR and excessive adiposity are more prevalent in African American (AA) women than in White women, AA women are underrepresented in genome-wide studies for systemic regulation of IR and the association with CRC risk.

METHODS:

With 780 genome-wide IR single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among 4,692 AA women, we tested for a causal inference between genetically elevated IR and CRC risk. Furthermore, by incorporating CRC-associated lifestyle factors, we established a prediction model on the basis of gene–environment interactions to generate risk profiles for CRC with the most influential genetic and lifestyle factors.

RESUTLS:

In the pooled Mendelian randomization analysis, the genetically elevated IR was associated with 9 times increased risk of CRC, but with lack of analytic power. By addressing the variation of individual SNPs in CRC in the prediction model, we detected 4 fasting glucose–specific SNPs in GCK, PCSK1, and MTNR1B and 4 lifestyles, including smoking, aging, prolonged lifetime exposure to endogenous estrogen, and high fat intake, as the most predictive markers of CRC risk. Our joint test for those risk genotypes and lifestyles with smoking revealed the synergistically increased CRC risk, more substantially in women with longer-term exposure to cigarette smoking.

DISCUSSION:

Our findings may improve CRC prediction ability among medically underrepresented AA women and highlight genetically informed preventive interventions (e.g., smoking cessation; CRC screening to longer-term smokers) for those women at high risk with risk genotypes and behavioral patterns.
Die Taufe des Leviathan
Authors: Schäfer Heinrich Wilhelm
Published: October 2021

Politik steht zunehmend unter dem Einfluss von Religion, insbesondere in Nord- und Südamerika. Führer der evangelikal-pfingstlichen Bewegung verschaffen sich dort immer mehr politische Macht und bilden eine religiöse Rechte. Aus dem Leiden an sozialer Ungleichheit formen sie ein rückschrittliches Wählerpotenzial und durchlöchern die Grenze zwischen Religion und säkularer Politik. Dagegen positionieren sich auf der Linken religiöse Graswurzelbewegungen, die die Erfahrungen sozialer Ungleichheit in ethischen Protest umleiten. Heinrich Wilhelm Schäfer analysiert diese religiös-politischen Kämpfe um gesellschaftliche Macht und Laizität in den Amerikas und diskutiert die Möglichkeiten eines post-säkularen Dialogs.
Tebal Dinding dan Diameter Lumen Arteria Koronaria Tikus Putih Setelah Pemberian Teh Kombucha Kadar 75% Waktu Fermentasi 6, 9 dan 12 Hari
Authors: Isdadiyanto Sri
Published: October 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian teh kombucha kadar 75% sebagai drinking water dengan variasi waktu fermentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan Tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) jantan  sebanyak 16 ekor umur 2 bulan, dengan perlakuan Teh kombucha yang difermentasi selama 6, 9 dan 12 hari pada suhu 25oC per oral. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan (selama 28 hari) dan 4 ulangan, yaitu : P0 = kontrol, tanpa tambahan teh kombucha, P1 = air minum + 1,8 ml teh kombucha pagi dan sore fermentasi 6 hari, P2 = air minum + 1,8 ml teh kombucha pagi dan sore fermentasi 9 hari, P3 = air minum + 1,8 ml teh kombucha pagi dan sore fermentasi 12 hari. Variabel yang diukur adalah kadar kolesterol, HDL dan LDL. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA yang dilanjutkan dengan Uji Duncan dengan taraf kepercayaan 95% dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak SPSS 10,0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian teh kombucha tidak mempengaruhi tebal dinding dan diameter lumen arteria koronaria tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus).
Struktur Histologi Hepar Puyuh Jepang (Coturnix coturnix japonica) yang Diberi Pakan Organik
Authors: Nurmila Ika Oktavia , Saraswati Tyas Rini , Isdadiyanto Sri
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh pemberian pakan organik terhadap diameter hepatosit  dan struktur histologi hepar puyuh jepang (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Penelitian ini menggunakan 60 ekor puyuh jepang yang terdiri atas 4 perlakuan, masing-masing perlakuan terdiri atas 3 ekor puyuh dan dilakukan 5 kali ulangan. Perlakuan dalam penelitian terdiri atas 4 kelompok yaitu P0 merupakan puyuh yang diberi pakan komersial, P1 merupakan puyuh yang diberi pakan organik standar, P2 merupakan puyuh yang diberi pakan organik dengan kandungan daun singkong, kunyit, dan ikan kembung, dan P3 merupakan puyuh yang diberi pakan organik dengan kandungan daun singkong, kunyit, dan rumput laut. Perlakuan diberikan selama 4 bulan. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Parameter yang diukur dalam penelitian adalah diameter hepatosit, diameter lobulus hepar, bobot hepar, dan bobot badan puyuh jepang serta deskripsi struktur histologi hepar. Data dianalisis dengan Analysis of Varian (ANOVA), bila terdapat perbedaan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Duncan dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasil analisis data terdapat perbedaan nyata pada diameter hepatosit, diameter lobulus hepar, dan bobot hepar, namun tidak terdapat perbedaan nyata terhadap bobot badan puyuh jepang yang diberi pakan organik. Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian pakan organik mampu mengoptimalkan fungsi hepar puyuh.  Kata kunci: pakan organik, puyuh jepang, hepatosit, kunyit
Kadar Apoprotein A dan Apoprotein B Serum Darah Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus L.) yang diinduksi Pakan Tinggi Lemak Setelah diberi Ekstrak Etanol Daun Mimba (Azadirachta indica)
Authors: Isdadiyanto Sri , Sitasiwi Agung Janika , Mardiati Siti Muflichatun
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh ekstrak etanol daun mimba  (Azadirachta indica) terhadap kadar apoprotein A dan apoprotein B tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus L.) yang diberi pakan tinggi lemak. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap, sebanyak 24 ekor tikus putih jantan dewasa digunakan sebagai hewan uji, dibagi 6 perlakuan dan 4 kali ulangan. Perlakuan meliputi P0 (control), P1 (pakan tinggi lemak), P2 (simvastatin 8 mg), P3; P4; dan P5 (uji dosis ekstrak etanol daun mimba 75; 100; dan 125 mg). Hari terakir perlakuan, hewan dikorbankan dan diambil darahnya untuk analisis  kadar apoprotein A dan apoprotein B. Kadar apoprotein A dan apoprotein B serum darah ditentukan dengan metode colorimetric enzymatic menggunakan cobas c reagents kits. Kadar apoprotein A dan apoprotein B serum darah diukur dengan menggunakan Roche/Hitachi cobas c systems automatically calculate. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pakan tinggi lemak berpengaruh meningkatkan kadar apoprotein B,  ekstrak etanol daun mimba berpengaruh meningkatkan kadar apoprotein A dan menurunkan kadar apoprotein B.
Pengaruh Air Rendaman Batang Balimo (Zanthoxylum nitidum) terhadap Histologis Ginjal Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Setelah Diberi Ciu.
Authors: Purba Swidy Damayanti , Tana Silvana , Saraswati Tyas Rini
Published: October 2021

Batang Balimo mengandung senyawa alkaloid yang mempunyai efek anti inflamasi untuk mengurangi pembengkakan pada ginjal dan mengandung antioksidan  yang dapat menghambat reaksi oksidasi, dengan mengikat radikal bebas dan molekul yang sangat reaktif yang dihasilkan dari metabolisme alkohol. Atas dasar potensi tersebut dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan, menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh air rendaman batang Balimo terhadap kerusakan glomerulus, tubulus kontortus proksimal, tubulus  kontortus distal  ginjal, bobot ginjal, rasio bobot ginjal terhadap bobot tubuh tikus putih menjadi normal yang sebelumnya telah diberi konsumsi ciu. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap menggunakan 20 ekor tikus yang dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok, yaitu P0 (kelompok kontrol negatif), P1 (kelompok kontrol positif diberi ciu 2 minggu), P2(kelompok kontrol positif diberi ciu 2 minggu dan air rendaman batang Balimo 2 minggu) dan P3 (kelompok kontrol positif diberi ciu 4 minggu dan air rendaman batang Balimo 2 minggu). Hasil analisis dengan uji Anova  menunjukan tidak terdapat pengaruh bermakna (p>0,05) dari pemberian air rendaman batang balimo terhadap bobot ginjal, diameter glomerulus, diameter lumen tubulus kontortus proksimal, lumen tubulus kontortus distal dan rasio bobot ginjal terhadap bobot badan tikus yang diberi ciu. Berdasarkan deskripsi histologis ginjal dapat disimpulkan bahwa batang balimo memperbaiki ginjal yang mengalami hipertropi karena konsumsi ciu.
Massive open online courses for professional certificate programs? Perspectives on professional learners’ longitudinal participation patterns
Authors: Tang Hengtao , Xing Wanli
Published: October 2021

Massive open online courses (MOOCs) have been integrated into higher education systems as an option for delivering online professional degree and certificate programs; however, concerns about whether employed professionals actively participate in MOOCs remain unresolved. Some researchers have described learners’ employment as the major cause of attrition from MOOCs, but research has not addressed how employed learners interact with MOOCs over time. Understanding employed professionals’ trajectory of participation patterns across course time is thus essential to improving the effectiveness of MOOCs. This study investigated the log data of learner participation to explore how attrition occurs in a professional MOOC, focusing on whether students’ employment status was associated with learner participation. The results revealed learners’ longitudinal participation patterns and confirmed the impact of sustained engagement on course performance. The study also found that employed learners were more likely than their peers without jobs to become cramming learners with initially infrequent engagement in a course but investing intensive time at the end for certificates. We discuss practical implications for designing and facilitating large-scale professional degree and certificate programs in higher education institutions.

Implications for practice or policy:

Educators can apply MOOCs with a lower weekly workload and a slower pace to support employees’ professional development.

Educators should develop professional learners’ interests in the course topic to avoid only cramming for the course certificates.

Educators may consider longitudinal patterns of learner participation when assessing learner performance.
Remodelling the role of facilitating conditions for Google Classroom acceptance: A revision of UTAUT2
Authors: Brandford Bervell Brandford , Kumar Jeya Amantha , Arkorful Valentina , Agyapong Emmanuel Manu , Osman Sharifah
Published: October 2021

Online learning environments have become a contemporary component of global tertiary education due to their affordances. These environments are hinged on internet-based learning management systems and one such tool is Google Classroom. However, empirical studies have indicated that gaps exist in determining how Google Classroom influences students’ behavioural intention to use it for online learning. Accordingly, this study defines a model based on the unified theory of acceptance and technology 2 (UTAUT2) to examine the relationship between facilitating conditions and other variables towards intention formation for Google Classroom usage. Based on a mixed method using the explanatory sequential design, survey data from 163 students were initially analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling followed by a qualitative approach based on open-ended questions for thematic analysis. Results from the partial least squares structural equation modelling approach validated the hypothesised model confirming the significant predictive relationship of facilitating conditions with effort expectancy, hedonic motivation, habit and social influence but had an insignificant relationship with behavioural intention. Furthermore, hedonic motivation and habit were the main predictors of behavioural intention by masking the role of facilitating conditions. Subsequently, the qualitative outcome indicated that habit and perceived control of using Google applications influence hedonic motivation. Finally, recommendations were made to universities towards policy formation and practice of virtual learning using Google Classroom.

Implications for practice or policy:

Higher education institutions should create an environment for students to be motivated and enjoy Google Classroom use.

Universities should provide Internet, technical and pedagogical support for students’ Google Classroom use.

Universities should explain to students the affordances of using Google Classroom.

Universities should encourage students to acquire access gadgets (smartphones or tablets) for Google Classroom use.
Effects of complexity-determined system pausing on learning from multimedia presentations
Authors: Liu Tzu-Chien , Lin Yi-Chun , Kalyuga Slava
Published: October 2021

System pausing at pre-determined positions during multimedia presentations can enhance multimedia learning. However, the pause positions are usually set up based on the structure of the learning material (e.g., segmentation principle) rather than on the complexity of its different sections (as determined by levels of element interactivity, according to cognitive load theory). This study investigated the effectiveness of complexity-determined system pauses positioned either before or after complex (high element interactivity) sections of a slideshow multimedia presentation. The study adopted a single-factor between-subjects design and randomly assigned 128 undergraduates to four experimental conditions, namely (1) pausing before high element interactivity, (2) pausing after high element interactivity, (3) learner pausing and (4) no pausing. The research results revealed that complexity-determined system pausing approaches and learner pausing resulted in better test performance and instructional efficiency than the continuous presentation without pausing. The findings suggest that pauses allow students more time to deal with learning contents with high element interactivity, thus reducing potential cognitive overload and resulting in better performance compared with continuous presentation. However, no significant difference was found between the two types of system pausing and learner pausing in all measures.
Human Skeletons, Grave Goods and Textual Sources: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Southwestern Switzerland’s Late Iron Age Communities through the Study of their Funerary Rites
Authors: Hofstetter Tobias , Desideri Jocelyne , Mariéthoz François , Besse Marie
Published: October 2021

This paper’s primary focus is the investigation of Late Iron Age funeral practices. This is carried out by means of a multidisciplinary study of two necropolises, Randogne – Bluche and Sion – Parking des Remparts, which are located in southwestern Switzerland. The overall purpose of this paper is to enhance the socio-cultural understanding of this period through an integrated approach that combines the fields of bioanthropology, archaeology and ancient cultural history. Consequently, sex, age, pathologies and biological proximity first were assessed for the individuals found in the two studied necropolises. Next, data from these necropolises was contrasted with the archaeological and cultural environment from the surrounding regions. Finally, a combined perspective was developed in order to consider and combine the data collected through these different approaches. The obtained results appear to point to a regional particularism present in southwestern Switzerland’s funerary practices during the Late Iron Age. However, cultural influences from both northern and southern neighbouring regions can be identified in southwestern Switzerland’s funerary rites and material productions, which sheds light on the innerworkings of the Celtic communities populating this region.
The Social and Economic Impacts of E-hailing Application in Malaysia: A Review
Authors: Al-Shakhrit A.K.S , Masri Khairil Azman , Othman C.P.
Published: October 2021

E-hailing is a service that allows users to book a journey online and provides a platform for users to interact with E-hailing companies. E-hailing service in Malaysia was launched in January 2018. Growing population and rising migration from rural to urban areas have put a strain on quality of life for Malaysia's population. The service is available in Malaysia. It has so far had success. E-hailing services have become more popular than traditional taxis for a variety of reasons. Customers are likely to seek out these providers' services as long as they pay close attention to their needs, solicit feedback often, and improve the quality of the services they give. Mobile applications developed by e-hailing businesses have had a significant influence on the taxi industry and public transportation in the last few years. Experts examined the impact of e-Hailing services on consumers, drivers and the public economy. Economics service created a lot of work prospects for drivers. Taxi industry struggling to keep up with E-Hailing system which put it under threat, as it cuts in taxi industry's profits. All e-hailing drivers must now obtain Public Service Vehicle (PSV) permits, but they complained that the regulations were too strict. Many of these driver-partners used E-hailing as a method to earn supplemental money in addition to driving. In the next several years, the way people move around in cities is anticipated to alter drastically. The conventional marketplace is being replaced by the online transaction as a method of conducting business. E-hailing in Malaysia today, as an alternative to private and public transportation, may be summed up by pointing out its increasing use.
A Review of Morphological and Chemical Properties of Porous Asphalt
Authors: Jasni N.E. , Masri Khairil Azman , Jaya R.P.
Published: October 2021

Porous asphalt mixture is also known as gap graded mixture with less amount of fine aggregate has led the mixture contains high air voids, tends to make the mixture less durable and high porousity. Hence, past researchers has investigate on how to increase the strength of porous asphalt mixture by the addition of additive such as fiber and  nanomaterials. The chemical and physical properties of porous asphalt mixture was highlighted in this paper to compare its structure, the bonding between the materials and its chemical composition that exist. This paper reviews on how additive affect the asphalt mixture in terms of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-Ray Diffractions (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). These tests are selected to improve the asphalt mixture according to the morphological and chemical properties of porous asphalt. This study is expected to identify the morphological and chemical composition of the materials in asphalt mixture.
The Effectiveness of Local Culture-Integrated Science Learning through Project-Based Assessment on Scientific Attitudes and Science Process Skills of Elementary School Students
Authors: Parmiti D. P. , Rediani N. N. , Antara I. G. W. S. , Jayadiningrat M. G.
Published: October 2021

This study aims to analyze the effect of project-based assessment based on local culture on students' scientific attitudes and science process skills in science learning in elementary schools. This research is a quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent post-test-only control group design. The population in this study was 151 participants, while the sample selected through random sampling technique was 61 participants divided into two classes. The data collection methods in this research were test and non-test methods. The instruments used were scientific attitude questionnaires and performance tests, and observation sheets. A validation process measured the validity and reliability of the instrument. The data obtained were analyzed using the MANOVA test assisted by the IBM SPSS Statistics 21.0 application. The hypothesis test results show a significance value of 0.003 (Sig <0.05) so that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. Thus, it can be concluded that there are simultaneous effects in scientific attitudes and science process skills between students’ learning with local culture-based Project-based Assessment and students’ learning with conventional assessment applied.
Infantile hypercalcaemia type 1: a vitamin D-mediated, under-recognised cause of hypercalcaemia
Authors: Nizar Ryizan , Cantley Nathan W P , Tang Jonathan C Y
Published: October 2021

A 33-year-old gentleman of Egyptian heritage presented with a 21 years history of unexplained and recurrent hypercalcaemia, nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis, and myocarditis. A similar history was also found in two first-degree relatives. Further investigation into the vitamin D metabolism pathway identified the biochemical hallmarks of infantile hypercalcaemia type 1 (IIH). A homozygous, likely pathogenic, variant in CYP24A1 was found on molecular genetic analysis confirming the diagnosis. Management now focuses on removing excess vitamin D from the metabolic pathway as well as reducing calcium intake to achieve serum-adjusted calcium to the middle of the reference range. If undiagnosed, IIH can cause serious renal complications and metabolic bone disease.

Learning points

Infantile hypercalcaemia type 1 (IIH) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterised by homozygous mutations in the CYP24A1 gene that encodes the 24-hydroxylase enzyme used to convert active vitamin D metabolites such as 1,25-(OH)2-vitamin D into their inactive form.

IIH should be questioned in individuals presenting with a history of unexplained hypercalcaemia, especially if presenting from childhood and/or where there is an accompanying family history of the same in first and/or second degree relatives, causing complications such as nephrocalcinosis, pericarditis, and calcium-based nephrolithiasis.

Associated biochemistry of IIH is persistent mild to moderate hypercalcaemia, normal or raised 25-(OH)-vitamin D and elevated 1,25-(OH)2-vitamin D. An elevated ratio of 25-(OH)-vitamin D to 24,25-(OH)2-vitamin D can be a useful marker of defects in the 24-hydroxylase enzyme, whose measurement can be facilitated through the supra-regional assay service.

Management should focus on limiting the amount of vitamin D introduced into the body either via sunlight exposure or supplementation in addition to calcium dietary restriction to try and maintain appropriate calcium homeostasis
Graves’ disease associated with HIV disease and late immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome following the initiation of antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Ludgate S , Connolly S P , Fennell D , Muhamad M F , Welaratne I , Cotter A , McQuaid S E
Published: October 2021

Both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and antiretroviral therapy (ART) are associated with endocrine dysfunction (1). The term 'immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome' (IRIS) describes an array of inflammatory conditions that occur during the return of cell-mediated immunity following ART. Graves’ disease (GD) occurs rarely as an IRIS following ART. In this study, we describe the case of a 40-year-old Brazilian female who was diagnosed with HIV following admission with cryptococcal meningitis and salmonellosis. At this time, she was also diagnosed with adrenal insufficiency. Her CD4 count at diagnosis was 17 cells/µL which rose to 256 cells/µL over the first 3 months of ART. Her HIV viral load, however, consistently remained detectable. When viral suppression was finally achieved 21 months post diagnosis, an incremental CD4 count of 407 cells/µL over the following 6 months ensued. Subsequently, she was diagnosed with a late IRIS to cryptococcus 32 months following initial ART treatment, which manifested as non-resolving lymphadenitis and resolved with high-dose steroids. Following the initiation of ART for 45 months, she developed symptomatic Graves’ hyperthyroidism. At this time, her CD4 count had risen to 941 cells/µL. She has been rendered euthyroid on carbimazole. This case serves to remind us that GD can occur as an IRIS post ART and typically has a delayed presentation.

Learning points

Endocrinologists should be aware of the endocrine manifestations of HIV disease, in particular, thyroid pathology.

Endocrinologists should be aware that IRIS can occur following the initiation of ART.

Thyroid dysfunction can occur post ART of which Graves' disease (GD) is the most common thyroid manifestation.

GD as a manifestation of ART-induced IRIS can have a delayed presentation.

Infectious disease physicians should be aware of endocrine manifestations associated with HIV and ART.