bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH LOGO HALAL, KESADARAN HALAL, DAN SIKAP KONSUMEN UNTUK KEMBALI MEMBELI PRODUK MAKANAN DAN MINUMAN KEMASAN
Authors: Alinda Riska , Adinugraha Hendri Hermawan
Published: November 2022

Abstrak: Kegiatan ekonomi tidak dapat dipisahkan dari pergantian peristiwa dan kemajuan produk. Selanjutnya, sebagai negara Muslim yang berpenduduk mayoritas Muslim, tentunya sangat penting untuk memperhatikan dan mengetahui konsep kehalalan suatu barang, terlebih dengan kemajuan mekanis yang dapat mendukung pembentukan produk baru. Metode penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan teknik non probability sampling. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda dengan populasi mahasiwa IAIN Pekalongan dan sampel 34 yaitu mahasiswa Fakultas FEBI. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini menggunakan studi pustaka, kuesioner dan lainnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh logo halal terhadap perilaku konsumen terhadap makanan dan minuman kemasan, mengetahui kesadaran dari konsumen terhadap kehalalan dan mengetahui keputusan yang akan dibeli konsumen terhadap produk yang akan dibeli maupun sudah di beli. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa logo halal dan kesadaran halal berpengaruh signifikan terhadap keputusan minat beli ulang produk makanan dan minuman kemasan pada mahasiswa Fakultas FEBI Iain Pekalongan. Penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai bahan evaluasi bagi para konsumen yang ingin membeli suatu produk makanan dan minuman kemasan agar lebih memperhatikan label halal di kemasannya terutama bagi konsumen yang Muslim.
Kata Kunci: Logo halal, kesadaran hala, pengaruh logo halal, keputusan minat beli.
 
Abstract: Economic activity cannot be separated from the turn of events and the progress of products. Furthermore, as a Muslim country with a Muslim majority population, it is crucial to pay attention to and know the halalness of an item, especially with mechanical advances that can support the formation of new products. This research method is quantitative using a non-probability sampling technique. Hypothesis testing using multiple linear regression analysis with a population of IAIN Pekalongan students and a sample of 34 students from the Faculty of Economics and Business Islam (FEBI). Instruments in this study use literature studies, questionnaires, and others. This study aimed to determine the effect of the halal logo on consumer behavior towards packaged food and beverages, consumer awareness of halalness, and the decisions that consumers will buy on products to be purchased or already purchased. The results of this study are that the halal logo and halal awareness significantly affect the decision to repurchase packaged food and beverage products in FEBI students, Iain Pekalongan. This research can be used as an evaluation material for consumers who want to buy a packaged food and beverage product to pay more attention to the halal label on the packaging, especially for Muslim consumers.
Keywords: Halal logo, halal awareness, influence of halal logo, decision to buy interest
Matrix Metalloproteinases in Pathogenesis of Ventilation Disorders of the Respiratory System in Patients with Chronic Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Esmedlyaeva D. S. , Alekseeva N. P. , Kiryukhina L. D. , Dyakova M. E.
Published: November 2022

The imbalance in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)/inhibitors system leads to degradation of extracellular matrix of connective tissue and pathological remodeling forming the morphological basis for respiratory dysfunction.

The objective: to study the relationship between parameters of MMP/inhibitors system in blood and parameters of ventilation and gas exchange disorders in patients with chronic pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB).

Subjects and Methods. Patients with the verified diagnosis of tuberculoma (n = 45) and fibrous-cavernous pulmonary tuberculosis (n = 85) were examined. All patients underwent computed tomography of the chest and assessment of respiratory function. Serum concentrations of MMP-1, -3, -8, -9 and their inhibitors TIMP-1 and α2-macroglobulin (MG) were tested by ELISA (R&D Systems, Minneapolis, MN, USA). Statistica 7.0 and an ANCOVA model were used for statistical analysis which considered the diagnosis and smoking status as factors, and the respiratory function parameters were considered as covariates.

Results. In pulmonary tuberculosis patients, the concentrations of MMP-9 and MMP-8 in the blood correlated with extension of lung parenchyma lesions when compared to tuberculomas and fibro-cavernous tuberculosis, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 with changes in lung volumes (R2 = 0.60 and 0.80; p = 0.001), and MMP-8 correlated with functional disorders of gas exchange (R2 = 0.60 and 0.80; p = 0.001). Changes in MMP-1, MMP-3, and α2-MG (R2 = 0.60 and 0.80; p = 0.45) did not correlate with extension of lung parenchymal lesions and decreased lung function.
Immune Disorders in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis with Primary and Acquired Drug-Resistance of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
Authors: Lesnik E. , Ginda S.
Published: November 2022

The objective: to evaluate main parameters of cellular, humoral immunity and natural resistance in tuberculosis patients with primary and acquired multiple drug resistance; to study the correlation of these parameters with clinical and radiological manifestations.

Subjects and Methods. A prospective study was conducted which included 169 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, 80 of them were new cases of drug susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis and they made the Comparison Group (CG), and 89 patients suffered from multiple drug resistant tuberculosis and they made the Main Group (MG). The Main Group was divided into 2 subgroups: MG-1 – 40 patients with primary multiple drug resistant tuberculosis; MG-2 ‒ 49 patients who acquired drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis during treatment of tuberculosis.

The immune assays included the lymphocyte blast transformation reaction (LBTR) to phytohemagglutinin and tuberculin (PPD), immunophenotyping of CD3+ and CD19+ cells; phagocytic index and phagocytic number were calculated; nitro blue tetrazolium test was used, concentrations of immunoglobulins and antimycobacterial antibodies were determined.

Results. The clinical laboratory data demonstrated a more severe course of the disease in patients with multiple drug resistant tuberculosis, especially in those with acquired multiple drug resistant tuberculosis which was confirmed by the severity of immune deficiencies of the cellular immunity and innate resistance as well as by the overactivity of humoral immunity. The levels of CD3+ and LBTR reaction to PPD had a negative correlation with clinical manifestations and radiological features demonstrating the severity of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients with multiple drug resistance, especially in those with acquired multiple drug resistance; and CD19+ and antimycobacterial antibodies positively correlated with clinical manifestations and radiological signs.

Conclusions. Parameters of cellular immunity and natural resistance were the lowest in the patients with acquired multiple drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis versus primary multiple drug resistance and drug susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Parameters of humoral immunity demonstrated the increased activity to compensate for the insufficiency of cellular immunity regardless of the type of resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Frequency of morphological defects produced on the active surface of continuous and reciprocating rotation instruments after repeated use
Authors: Helder Fernandes de Oliveira  , Mariana Bonifácio Faleiro Braga  , Érica Camila Alves Reis  , Hysabella Teixeira Fonseca Ferraz  , Mônica Misae Endo  , Evelin Soares de Oliveira Martins  , Orlando Aguirre Guedes  , Carlos Estrela
Published: November 2022

Root canal preparation is essential for the adequate sanitization of dentinal tubule systems, allowing favorable conditions for sealing in the cervical-apical direction. Objective: To analyze the frequency of morphological defects produced in continuous and reciprocating rotation instruments after repeated uses by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Material and methods: Forty-five replicates of prototyped lower molars were randomly assigned to three groups according to the system used: G1. Biorace®, G2. V-File®, or G3. Protaper Next®. After root canal preparation, all the instruments were washed in an ultrasonic vat and subsequently analyzed by SEM to visualize the morphological defects (dullness of the edges, grooves, microcavities, and cracks) in images obtained with a magnification of 50x to 1500x. To determine defects on each instrument’s surface, the active part was divided into 14 parts, with segments on the two sides from 1 to 7. The relationship between the number of defects observed in the different instruments was assessed using chi-square tests. Results: Defects were observed in all tested instruments, with statistically significant differences between the systems (P<0.05). BioRace® system was associated with a significant higher number of defects, than V-File® (P><0.05) but was not significantly different from ProTaper Next® (P>0.05). No significant difference was observed between V-File® and ProTaper Next® groups (P>0.05). Conclusion: All the analyzed instruments showed defects in the active surface after repeated use.
Morphological, chemical and antimicrobial analysis of glass ionomer cements used for ART in posterior primary teethGlass ionomer cements (GICs) have been gaining prominence as material for atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) due to their acceptable ph
Authors: Orlando Aguirre Guedes  , Lucas Rodrigues de Araújo Estrela  , Jordanna Guedes Amorim Mendonça  , Mônica Misaé Endo  , Helder Fernandes de Oliveira  , Cyntia Rodrigues de Araújo Estrela  , Carlos Estrela
Published: November 2022

Glass ionomer cements (GICs) have been gaining prominence as material for atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) due to their acceptable physicochemical and biological properties. Objective: To analyze the surface morphology, chemical constitution, and antimicrobial action of GICs used for ART in posterior primary teeth. Material and methods: The tested materials were Vitro Molar®, Ketac Cem Easymix® and Riva Self Cure®. For the structural and chemical analysis, polyethylene tubes with an internal diameter of 3 mm and 3 mm in length were prepared, filled, and then transferred to a chamber with 95% relative humidity and a temperature of 37oC. The surface morphology of the tested materials was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and main components were investigated by energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis. For the antimicrobial efficacy analyses, strains of Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 27853) were used. Petri dishes with brain heart infusion agar (BHIA) were inoculated with the microbial suspensions and three cavities were made in each agar plate and filled with one of the GICs. The plates were pre-incubated for 1 hour at room temperature and then incubated at 37oC for 24 to 48 hours. The inhibition zone around each well was recorded in mm. Results: SEM revealed irregular and rough external surface. Cracking was not observed. The main constituents were found to be aluminum, silicon, sodium, and fluoride. Barium was only observed in Vitro Molar®, while lanthanum was only observed in Ketac Cem Easymix®. Elemental mapping of the outer surface revealed high concentration of aluminum and silicon. Inhibition halos were only observed in Riva Self Cure®. Conclusion: The GICs presented irregular outer surfaces and similar chemical elements. Only Riva Self Cure® showed antibacterial action against the S. mutans.
A randomized, double-blind controlled trial of the acute effects of Kinesio taping in patients with localized myogenic temporomandibular dysfunction
Authors: Cynthia Maria Rocha Dutra  , Katren Pedroso Corrêa  , Débora Lüders  , Ana P. R. Siqueira  , Bianca Simone Zeigelboim  , Rosane Sampaio Santos
Published: November 2022

To investigate the acute effects of applying Kinesio Tape (KT) in patients with myogenic temporomandibular dysfunction. Material and methods: A double-blind randomized clinical trial, with parallel groups. Setting: The Clinical School of Physiotherapy, Tuiuti University of Parana. Subjects: This study involved 70 participants (18-60 years of age) with a clinical diagnosis of temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) and myogenic pain using the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Joint Disorders (RDC/ TMD). The participants were randomly assigned to an experimental group (KTG) or to a control group (CG). Interventions: The KTG group of patients received KT while the CG received a placebo treatment involving adhesive tape. Main measures: Pain (Visual Analog Scale and algometry), thermography, and electromyography (EMG) were recorded at baseline, just before the application of tape, and on the third day of treatment. Results: There was no difference in the EMG between KTG and CG in the masseter (p = 0.1494) and temporal (p = 0.699395) muscle. There was a decrease in the values of thermography in the GKT (33.43 ± 0.12 for 32.51 ± 0.21), and maintenance in CG (33.43 ± 0.13 for 33.42 ± 0.2). Conclusion: Multidisciplinary interaction is essential for the treatment of myogenic TMD and even a single application of KT can result in clinical improvement. However, it is now necessary to determine results of such treatment over medium and long terms.
Avaliação da estabilidade do pH e teor de cloro ativo de soluções de hipoclorito
Authors: Beatriz Leal de Freitas  , Aurileide Maria Bispo Frazão Soares  , Carlos Alberto de Monteiro Falcão  , Maria Ângela Arêa Leão Ferraz
Published: November 2022

Para o sucesso do tratamento endodôntico, é necessário remoção de material orgânico e/ou contaminação presente no interior do sistema de canais radiculares. As substâncias químicas auxiliares utilizadas precisam estar nos padrões quimicamente aceitáveis, e a variação da concentração de seus princípios ativos não deve oscilar mais que 10% da titulação base. O hipoclorito de sódio é a solução de escolha e pode ser encontrado em diferentes concentrações (0,5%, 1%, 2,5% e 5,25%). Possui atividade bactericida e capacidade de dissolução de material orgânico do canal radicular. Sua eficácia química depende do teor de cloro ativo, e este é influenciado pela concentração, tempo de exposição, pH, temperatura e relação com substâncias orgânicas e inorgânicas presentes no canal radicular. Objetivo: Avaliar a concentração de fórmulas comerciais de hipoclorito de sódio (1% e 2,5%), a porcentagem de cloro total em cada produto e seu pH, em relação às variáveis tempo e armazenamento. Material e métodos: Trata-se de um estudo laboratorial quantitativo em que as soluções de hipoclorito de sódio (NaClO) nas concentrações de 1% e 2,5% foram testadas por intermédio do método de titulometria (iodometria), a fim de mensurar o teor de cloro ativo e o pH por meio de um peagômetro. Foram verificadas as especificações presentes no rótulo, como concentração de cloro ativo descrito na embalagem e presença de dados como lote, data de fabricação e validade. Avaliaram-se as medidas de teor de cloro ativo e pH nas soluções em tempo zero (T1) e após 30 dias (T2), com amostras armazenadas na geladeira, ao abrigo da luz e exposta à luminosidade. Resultados: Houve diferença estatisticamente de acordo com as diferentes formas de armazenamento, tendo a exposição à luz maior modificação no nível de teor de cloro. A mensuração do pH não sofreu alteração significativa. Os valores de cloro ativo inicialmente estavam conforme as especificações do rótulo, e o pH também estava nos padrões recomendados. O rótulo apresentou ausência de informações quanto aos agentes químicos que foram atribuídos na solução. As soluções comerciais de hipoclorito 1% e 2,5% testadas evidenciaram teor de cloro ativo e pH adequados e em conformidade com os respectivos rótulos. Conclusão: As condições de armazenamento influenciam diretamente na concentração de cloro ativo.
Avaliação da influência da temperatura corporal na qualidade do preparo e na fadiga torsional entre instrumentos de NiTi tratados termicamente
Authors: Ana Giulia Lenci Paccola  , Gabriela Gonçalez Piai  , Giovanna Demarquis Pinto  , Murilo Priori Alcalde  , Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte  , Rodrigo Ricci Vivan
Published: November 2022

Avaliar a resistência à fadiga torsional, qualidade do preparo e influência da temperatura corporal na instrumentação de canais simulados em blocos de acrílico com três instrumentos diferentes de NiTi tratados termicamente. Material e métodos: Foram utilizados 36 blocos padronizados. Estes foram digitalizados e divididos em três grupos (n=12): Reciproc Blue (grupo I); X1 Blue File (grupo II); ProDesign R (grupo III). Realizou-se a instrumentação com motor VDW Silver na função “reciproc all”. Metade dos blocos foi instrumentada num recipiente simulando a temperatura corporal (37ºC) e a outra em temperatura ambiente (20ºC). Finalmente, os instrumentos foram submetidos ao teste de fadiga torsional. Os blocos foram novamente escaneados, e calcularam-se a capacidade de centralização e a porcentagem do aumento de volume. Aplicaram[1]se os testes estatísticos, e o nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Resultados: A porcentagem de aumento de volume do Reciproc Blue apresentou os menores valores na temperatura ambiente. Na temperatura corporal o ProDesign R teve o menor valor. Na comparação do mesmo instrumento nas diferentes temperaturas, o ProDesign R evidenciou o maior valor na temperatura ambiente. Avaliando a capacidade de centralização, houve diferença estatística entre os grupos no terço cervical, sendo o Reciproc Blue o mais centralizado. Conclusão: A temperatura influenciou na qualidade do preparo dos canais, mas não na resistência à fadiga torsional dos instrumentos. Diante disso, em estudos futuros é importante realizar a instrumentação dos canais em uma temperatura próximo à corporal, para os resultados serem o mais fiel possível da realidade clínica.
Importância das informações prestadas ao paciente antes, durante e depois do tratamento endodôntico: abordagem à luz do Código de Defesa do Consumidor
Authors: Rhonan Ferreira da Silva  , Loíse Barbieri  , Cláudia Daniela Moreira Portilho  , Mauro Machado do Prado3  , Eduardo Daruge-Júnior
Published: November 2022

Introdução: O Código de Defesa do Consumidor completa 20 anos de vigência e deve ser adequadamente compreendido por todos os prestadores de serviços, inclusive os da área da saúde. Nesse documento, os direitos e as obrigações estabelecidos para cada parte (profissional e paciente) estão elencados em seu conteúdo e os aspectos legais relacionados à oferta, execução, entrega e garantia dos produtos e serviços prestados na prática odontológica são de observância obrigatória para evitar problemas nas relações de consumo. Objetivo e revisão de literatura: Abordar os fatores de responsabilidade legal do cirurgião-dentista, especialmente à luz do Código de Defesa do Consumidor, por meio de uma revisão de literatura, uma vez que o profissional pode ser questionado em demandas ético-disciplinares e/ou judiciais em decorrência de falha na prestação de informações ao paciente sobre o tratamento endodôntico. Conclusões: A responsabilidade do cirurgião-dentista acerca da prestação de serviços endodônticos encontra obrigações em todas as fases do tratamento, até mesmo em determinado período depois de finalizados os procedimentos clínicos. Portanto, torna-se prudente que o profissional estabeleça um minucioso plano de tratamento, utilize um termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido, encaminhe o paciente ou realize a reabilitação final o mais rápido possível e determine critérios para proservar os casos que julgar necessário, estabelecendo uma periodicidade de retorno e necessidade de avaliação radiográfica.
O uso do ultrassom na curetagem periapical: relato de caso
Authors: Tiago André Fontoura de Melo  , Gustavo Golgo Kunert  , Elias Pandonor Motcy de Oliveira
Published: November 2022

Introdução e objetivo: Mostrar a possibilidade de tratamento por meio da curetagem periapical associada ao uso do ultrassom, sem haver a necessidade de odontosecção da porção apical da raiz dentária. Relato de caso: Realizaram-se tratamento endodôntico do dente 41 e retratamento do dente 42, e em seguida fez-se procedimento cirúrgico parendodôntico na área de lesão periapical. A proservação do caso deu-se em dois anos, e foram verificados regressão e reparo ósseo total da área de lesão. Conclusão: Com a associação da tecnologia à prática clínica é possível efetuar um tratamento cirúrgico de forma rápida, segura e conservadora.
Entre a espada e o Guadiana : a batalha de Valverde (outubro de 1385)
Authors: Pereira João Manuel Caetano
Published: November 2022

This work focuses on the battle of Valverde, that took place in October of 1385 near Valverde de Mérida, between forces of the Kingdom of Portugal and the Kingdom of Castille, during the Portuguese Interregnum of 1383-1385. This research explores this seldom studied battle, arguing that it has a much greater importance than before thought, and tries to propose possible answers to its many questions. Who were the combatants? Which formations and battle orders were applied? How did the course of the conflict affect the tactics used? What repercussions did it have on the kingdoms that shed their blood in the Guadiana? The making of this work was possible through the use of three main chronicles, those being the Crónica do Condestabre, written by an anonimous author, the Crónica de D. João I, by Fernão Lopes and, lastly, the Cronicas de los Reyes de Castilla, by Pero López de Ayala, supported by recent militar history bibliography, namely the works of João Gouveia Monteiro. This conflict, which takes place near the portuguese-castillian border, is normally sidelined for the more famous battle of Aljubarrota, which took place earlier, often seen as a continuation or an aftermath it. We defend that this event was a decisive military blow to the castillian war effort by the portuguese constable, D. Nuno Álvares Pereira, this being the last major field battle of this war between the two kingdoms.
A mulher e a espiritualidade na Época Moderna : modelos comportamentais e critérios de exemplaridade no Agiológio Lusitano
Authors: Lopes Ana Catarina Lebres
Published: November 2022

The main focus of this article is related to the situation and statute of Women in the Early Modern Period. In this sense and assuming the acquired knowledge that the society of this period was still strongly influenced by Christian Doctrine and Spirituality, it was questioned what would be the profile of the women, what would be the criteria of exemplarity and the behaviors defended by the Catholic Church, post-Trent, so that Women would live following their Faith. Therefore, being the hagiographic literature one of the main methods used, in the Early Modern Age, to teach and educate the population in the Christian tradition, it aims to assess the main characteristics of the Portuguese feminine models and the main behavioural models and virtues expected for Portuguese Women in the 17th and 18th centuries, through the Agiológio Lusitano.
Epigenetic Mechanisms in Breast Adenocarcinoma: Novel DNA Methylation Patterns
Authors: METAXAS GEORGIOS I. , TSIAMBAS EVANGELOS , MARINOPOULOS SPYRIDON , SPYROPOULOU DESPOINA , MANAIOS LOUKAS , ADAMOPOULOU MARIA , FALIDAS EVANGELOS , PESCHOS DIMITRIOS , KALKANI HELEN , DIMITRAKAKIS CONSTANTINE
Published: November 2022

Breast adenocarcinoma is a leading cause of death in females worldwide. A broad spectrum of genetic and epigenetic alterations has been already identified and reported in millions of examined cancerous substrates, evidence of a high-level genomic heterogeneity that characterizes these malignancies. Concerning epigenetic changes and imbalances that critically affect progression and prognosis in the corresponding patients, DNA methylation, histone modifications (acetylation), micro-RNAs (miRs) alterations and chromatin re-organization represent the main mechanisms. Referring to DNA methylation, promoter hyper-hypo methylation in critical tumour suppressor and oncogenes is implicated in normal epithelia transformation to their neoplastic and finally malignant cyto-phenotypes. The current review is focused on the different methylation patterns and mechanisms detected in breast adenocarcinoma and their impact on the corresponding groups of patient response to specific chemotherapeutic regimens and life span prognosis.
Examination of the Effect of Proton Pump Inhibitors on the Anticancer Activity of Oxaliplatin
Authors: HASHIZUME JUNYA , SATO KAYOKO , NAKAGAWA HIROO , HARASAWA HITOMI , HONDA TAKUYA , KODAMA YUKINOBU
Published: November 2022

Background/Aim: Oxaliplatin (L-OHP) is absorbed by cancer cells via organic cation transporter1-3 (OCT1-3). However, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) suppress the function of OCT1-3. This study investigated whether PPIs attenuate the antitumor effect of L-OHP. Patients and Methods: Colorectal cancer patients who received FOLFOX (L-OHP + 5-fluorouracil: 5-FU) + bevacizumab therapy at Nagasaki University Hospital from October 1, 2010 to September 30, 2019 were retrospectively investigated. Patients were categorized into two groups with or without PPIs use. Progression-free survival (PFS) between the two groups was compared using the log-rank test. L-OHP was added to the intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cell line with or without the PPI rabeprazole, and then cell viability was analyzed using the WST-8 cell proliferation assay. Results: The median PFS was 11.4 months in the group with PPIs and 9.7 months in the group without PPIs (p=0.736). No significant effect of 1-10 μM rabeprazole was observed on the antitumor effect of L-OHP. Plasma concentrations of rabeprazole at clinical doses are 1.0-1.3 μM. Conclusion: Even if L-OHP interacts with PPIs, clinical doses of PPIs were considered to have minimal effect on the antitumor effect of L-OHP.
Tumor Depth Prediction of Gastric Cancer With a T4 Score
Authors: TANIGUCHI KIYOAKI , OTA MASAHO , YAMADA TAKUJI , SERIZAWA AKIKO , KOTAKE SHO , ITO SHUNICHI , SUZUKI KAZUOMI , YAMAMOTO MASALAZU
Published: November 2022

Background/Aim: Peritoneal metastases are often found at surgery of pT4 gastric cancers, preventing R0 resection. In the event of successful R0 resection, distant metastases still occur in a sizeable proportion of patients. Estimation of the depth of invasion has a relatively low accuracy (57%-86%) compared with pathological findings. This study sought to develop a clinical score to distinguish between pathological stage T4 (pT4) and pT1-3 gastric cancer. Patients and Methods: Reviewing the data of 2,771 patients who had undergone gastrectomy at our hospital from January 1996-December 2016, we assessed demographic factors plus tumor markers, diameter, location, histology, and macroscopic type according to the fifth edition (2019) of the WHO classification. Significant factors on multivariate analysis were used to develop a pT4 gastric cancer depth prediction score (T4 score). Results: Multivariate analysis revealed that the clinical factors associated with pT4 disease were CA19-9 elevation, tumor diameter ≥50 mm, poorly cohesive type adenocarcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, and WHO macroscopic types 2-4. The T4 score was obtained by weighing these factors according to the β-coefficient. The optimum cutoff value of the T4 score was 4 points. A total of 79.4% of cases with a T4 score ≥4 points were stage pT4. A total of 93.9% of cases with a T4 score 4 points were stage pT1-3, with 91.1% sensitivity, 85.3% specificity, 79.4% positive predictive value, and 93.9% negative predictive value. Conclusion: T4 scoring can differentiate pT4 gastric cancer from pT1-3 gastric cancer.
Five-year Disease Control With Alectinib in a Patient With Metastatic ALK-rearranged Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: OHARA GEN , SASATANI YUIKA , OKAUCHI SHINICHIRO , SATOH HIROAKI
Published: November 2022

Background/Aim: Therapy with alectinib could achieve prolonged progression-free and overall survival in patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase gene (ALK)–rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, a large proportion of the patients discontinue alectinib treatment due to recurrence. Case Report: A 41-year-old male patient presented with cellulitis of the right upper extremity that had developed in the past 3 weeks. Chest radiograph at the time of admission incidentally revealed a nodule in the right lung. At diagnosis, the patient had spinal bone metastases and thrombosis in the common jugular vein subclavian veins. Therefore, in addition to warfarin therapy and irradiation to the bone metastases, chemotherapy was started. After identifying the presence of the ALK rearranged gene, alectinib therapy was initiated. Since then, alectinib treatment has been continued for more than 5 years. Conclusion: Although very rare, there are patients who might be able to maintain a long-term response to alectinib. It is important for chest physicians to manage such patients so that the effects of alectinib can be maintained for a long time.
A Malignant Tumor Developed Seven Years After Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With Etoposide-containing Chemotherapy
Authors: OKAUCHI SHINICHIRO , HATTORI SOU , OHARA GEN , TAKAYASHIKI NORIO , SATOH HIROAKI
Published: November 2022

Background/Aim: Long-term survival of patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is rare, and, to the best of our knowledge, there has been no SCLC patient who developed second malignancy after long-term survival. Case Report: A 66-year-old woman with a history of smoking was admitted to our hospital with a nodule in her right lung. She was diagnosed with cT2aN3M0 localized-SCLC. Chest irradiation and chemotherapy including etoposide was performed. A new nodule appeared in the right lung more than 7 years after the end of treatment for SCLC. A specimen obtained by bronchoscopic biopsy was pathologically confirmed to be a non-SCLC malignancy. Conclusion: There is a possibility of tumor development associated with etoposide, which is known to be carcinogenic, or residual tumor development from combined type SCLC. We could not confirm whether it was second malignancy or recurrence after long-term interval. The number of long-term survivors of SCLC is likely to increase in the future. The clinical course of this patient is interesting from the perspective of long-term survival of SCLC patients and might have implications for the treatment of patients with similar clinical course in the future.
Breast Cancer Sera Changes in Alu Element Methylation Predict Metastatic Disease Progression
Authors: DENARIYAKOON SIKRIT , PUTTIPANYALEARS CHAROENCHAI , CHATAMRA KRIS , MUTIRANGURA APIWAT
Published: November 2022

Background/Aim: During metastatic disease development, the cancer-immune system crosstalk induces epigenetic modifications to immune cells, impairing their functions. Recently, Alu elements methylation changes were widely studied in terms of early cancer detection. This study aimed to demonstrate in vitro Alu element methylation changes in peripheral immune cells in a metastatic setting and examine their prognostic values in metastatic breast cancer. Materials and Methods: Sera from sixteen metastatic cancer patients and sixteen healthy participants were obtained and used to culture normal peripheral immune cells. After 48 h of incubation, the percentage and pattern of Alu element methylation were examined for clinical relevance. Results: We found that the Alu element hypomethylation was affected by age in the cancer group. Intriguingly, a decrease in Alu element methylation was found in patients with early progressive disease. Moreover, an increase in unmethylated cytosine (mCuC) loci was related to the poorer prognosis group. Accordingly, the decrease in Alu element methylation and the increase in mCuC loci pattern in peripheral immune cells correlated with poorer prognosis and early progression in metastatic breast cancer. Conclusion: Alu element hypomethylation in immune cells and their increased mCuC foci were related to the early progression of breast cancer. These warrant the use of Alu element methylation changes for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in breast cancer.
Circulating miRNA Expression Profiling in Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes: Applying Machine Learning Analysis in Bioinformatics
Authors: TRIANTAFYLLOU ALEXANDRA , DOVROLIS NIKOLAOS , ZOGRAFOS ELENI , THEODOROPOULOS CHARALAMPOS , ZOGRAFOS GEORGE C. , MICHALOPOULOS NIKOLAOS V. , GAZOULI MARIA
Published: November 2022

Background/Aim: Breast cancer is a leading worldwide cause of female cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Since molecular characteristics increasingly guide disease management, demystifying breast tumor miRNA signature emerges as an essential step toward personalized care. This study aimed to investigate the variations in circulating miRNA expression profiles between breast cancer subtypes and healthy controls and to identify relevant target genes and molecular functions. Materials and Methods: MiRNA expression was tested by miScript™ miRNA PCR Array Human Cancer Pathway Finder kit, and subsequently, a machine learning approach was applied for miRNA profiling of the various breast cancer molecular subtypes. Results: Serum samples from patients with primary breast cancer (n=66) and healthy controls (n=16) were analyzed. MiR-21 was the single common molecule among all breast cancer subtypes. Furthermore, several miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed explicitly in the different subtypes; luminal A (miR-23b, miR-142, miR-29a, miR-181d, miR-16, miR-29b, miR-155, miR-181c), luminal B (miR-148a, let-7d, miR-92a, miR-34c, let-7b, miR-15a), HER2+ (miR-125b, miR-134, miR-98, miR-143, miR-138, miR-135b) and triple negative breast cancer (miR-17, miR-150, miR-210, miR-372, let-7f, miR-191, miR-133b, miR-146b, miR-7). Finally, miRNA-associated target genes and molecular functions were identified. Conclusion: Applying a machine learning approach to delineate miRNA signatures of various breast cancer molecular subtypes allows further understanding of molecular disease characteristics that can prove clinically relevant.
Profile and Potential Significance of Dendritic Cells in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: DUMITRU CRISTINA STEFANIA , CEAUSU AMALIA RALUCA , GAJE NELA PUSA , RAICA MARIUS
Published: November 2022

Background/Aim: The aim of the study was the analysis of immunohistochemical expression of S100 protein and CD1a by dendritic cells (DCs) from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), correlation with the histological grade, as well as analysis of the potential significance of antigen-presenting cells according to tumor location. Patients and Methods: Samples were collected from 50 patients with HNSCC, conventionally stained with hematoxylin and eosin for pathological diagnosis and grade, followed by immunohistochemical evaluation with S100 protein and CD1a expression. Results: The correlation of S100 expression in DCs with histological grading was significant (p=0.049). We also observed a correlation between CD1a expression and histological grading (p=0.016). DCs density was predominantly intratumoral for both CD1a (63% of cases) and S100 protein expression (25% of cases). Conclusion: Our results demonstrated the association of DCs with histological grade. Their intratumoral infiltration suggests their potential antitumor role.
Novel Insights into Epigenetic Control of Autophagy in Cancer
Authors: Parveen Sana , Rizvi Suroor Fatima , Hasan Adria , Afaq Uzma , Mir Snober Shabnam
Published: November 2022

The autophagy mechanism recycles the damaged and long-standing macromolecular substrates and thus maintains cellular homeostatic and proteostatic conditions. Autophagy can be an unavoidable target in cancer therapy because its deregulation leads to cancer formation and progression. Cancer can be controlled by regulating autophagy at different genetic, epigenetic, and post-translational levels. Epigenetics refers to the heritable phenotypic changes that affect gene activity without changing the sequence. Modern biology employs epigenetic alterations as molecular tools to detect and treat a wide range of disorders, including cancer. However, modulating autophagy at the epigenetic level may inhibit cancer growth and progression. Epigenetics-targeting drugs involved in preclinical and clinical trials may trigger antitumor immunity. Here, we have reviewed some experimental evidence in which epigenetics have been used to control deregulated autophagy in cancerous diseases. Furthermore, we also reviewed some current clinical trials of epigenetic therapy against cancer. We hope that this information can be utilized in the near future to treat and overcome cancer.
Abiotic Stress: Interplay Between ROS Production and Antioxidant Machinery, Signaling, and ROS Homeostasis
Authors: Muzaffar Aleeha , Arif Usman , Akram Faheem , Batool Fatima , Hassan Sameera , Rashid Bushra
Published: November 2022

Climate change poses a substantial threat to global crop yield. Moreover, crop production is likely to reduce in the near future because of increasing average temperatures, widespread extreme climate events, and the loss of agricultural land. Abiotic stresses are the major factors limiting the growth and development of various crops worldwide. They cause the buildup of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which leads to cellular damage in a variety of subcellular compartments in plants. The metabolic rate of ROS is critical for crop yield, development, acclimation, and survival under a continuously changing environment. The modulation and enhancement of the expression of genes that encode ROS detoxifying enzymes are commonly used to increase the tolerance against abiotic stresses. Under stressful conditions, however, both enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidant systems maintain the balance between ROS elimination and production. At low concentrations, ROS play a signaling role and is important for a variety of biological processes, such as rapid cell growth and differentiation. The consequence of ROS toxicity is the ROS-activated cell damage triggered by the activation of signaling pathways, such as MAPKS and other calcium-dependent pathways. In this review, recent progress on the unfavorable effects of ROS, antioxidant defense mechanisms participating in ROS detoxification in various abiotic stresses, and cross-talk between different signaling pathways have been discussed. Furthermore, advancements in the molecular perspective of ROS-mediated antioxidant defense of plants under abiotic stresses have been discussed.
Acceptability of Telemedicine Among Parents of Adolescent Patients in an Adolescent Clinic: Cross-sectional Survey Study
Authors: Olateju Adetola , Cervantes Marbella , Dowshen Nadia , Kuhns Lisa M , Dhar Cherie Priya
Published: November 2022

Background

Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, new literature has described the perceptions of adolescent patients on the use of telemedicine for their health care, but less attention has been devoted to parents’ and caregivers’ perspectives on telemedicine usage for their adolescents. Parents’ perspectives are important, as they undoubtedly influence how children learn to make decisions about their health care.

Objective

This study describes the level of acceptability (measured based on accessibility and satisfaction) expressed by caregivers of adolescent patients with regard to telemedicine visits in an urban adolescent medicine practice.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was sent electronically to parents and guardians of patients aged <18 years who completed outpatient telemedicine visits to an adolescent medicine practice in Chicago, Illinois, from March 2020 to February 2021. The questions focused on accessibility and satisfaction. The data were analyzed to describe response frequencies.

Results

Among a sample of 71 survey respondents, the vast majority reported that telemedicine was very easy to use (58/71, 82%) and was at least as convenient as in-person visits (70/71, 99%). Over 90% of respondents reported that their adolescents’ needs were addressed (69/69, 100%) and that they were at least as comfortable with the level of privacy and the confidential conversations between their adolescents and medical providers in telemedicine visits (65/71, 92%) as they were with those in in-person visits.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that parents and guardians find telemedicine to be an acceptable way for their children and adolescents to receive appropriate health care.
The Implementation of Measurement-Based Care in the Context of Telemedicine: Qualitative Study
Authors: Van Tiem Jen , Wirtz Elizabeth , Suiter Natalie , Heeren Amanda , Fuhrmeister Lindsey , Fortney John , Reisinger Heather , Turvey Carolyn
Published: November 2022

Background

The Measurement Based Care in Mental Health Initiative launched by the Department of Veterans Affairs in 2016 is an example of an evidence-based practice that uses patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) to improve patient outcomes. The acceptance of measurement-based care (MBC) among Veterans Affairs providers is relatively high. However, there are barriers to MBC for telehealth providers. Health information technologies might afford opportunities to address some of the barriers related to the uptake of MBC.

Objective

This paper reports on an implementation effort to integrate MBC into mental health care telehealth practice using eHealth solutions.

Methods

Qualitative data were generated from 22 semistructured interviews with psychiatrists (n=4), psychologists (n=3), social workers (n=3), nurses (n=6), a pharmacist (n=1), and administrative staff (n=5) who provide telemental health care through a community-based outpatient clinic in the rural Midwestern United States. The interviews were conducted during the pilot phase of an implementation initiative to increase the adoption of MBC by revising clinic workflows to integrate the use of eHealth technologies. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results

Time burden and workflow issues were the most common barrier to provider adoption of MBC; sharing and reviewing pencil-and-paper measures and results in the same room was no longer possible in novel telehealth workflows necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Providers voiced concerns about how long it would take to collect, adequately score, interpret, share, and document the PROMs during the telehealth visit. Concerns about time might also correspond to a gap in providers’ familiarity with these assessments, greater comfort in assessing symptoms through clinical interviews, and being accustomed to using the assessments as screening tools more so than longitudinal outcome measures. Capacities associated with eHealth technologies may address workflow concerns and promote providers’ understanding and use of the measures as tracking tools.

Conclusions

The need to use limited appointment time well was a top priority for telemental health providers. eHealth technologies provided operative supports that protect time in appointments by shifting when and how PROMs are collected. Bolstering providers’ familiarity with how to use PROMs in the course of treatment may impact providers’ buy-in by encouraging them to reconsider how sharing and acting on PROMs could be time well spent.
Експериментальне дослідження зміни міцності стегнових кісток щурів після заповнення кісткових дефектів біодеградуючим матеріалом на основі полілактиду та трикальційфосфату
Authors: Khvysyuk O.M. , Gontar N.M. , Pastukh V.V. , Karpinsky M.Yu. , Karpinska O.D. , Nikolchenko O.А.
Published: November 2022

Актуальність. У даний час для заповнення кісткових дефектів використовують імплантати на основі полілактиду, особливістю яких є біодеградація, остеоінтеграція, здатність індукувати процеси кісткоутворення та висока біосумісність з організмом. Використання технології 3D-друку дозволяє регулювати темпи біодеградації матеріалу за рахунок виготовлення імплантатів різної поруватості. Мета: в експерименті на тваринах вивчити динаміку міцності стегнових кісток щурів після заповнення кісткового дефекту біодеградуючим матеріалом на основі пористого полілактиду з трикальційфосфатом. Матеріали та методи. Робота виконана на 15 лабораторних білих щурах-самцях. Усім тваринам виконували порожнинний дефект у дистальному відділі лівої стегнової кістки, який заповнювали біодеградуючим матеріалом на основі полілактиду з додаванням 45 % трикальційфосфату і розміром пор 300 мкм. Тварин виводили з експерименту на 15, 30 та 90-ту добу після оперативного втручання. Препарати стегнових кісток випробували на міцність під впливом вертикального стискаючого навантаження. Як групу контролю використовували контралатеральні кінцівки. Результати. На 15-ту добу після оперативного втручання міцність оперованої стегнової кістки лабораторних щурів була статистично значуще нижчою за інтактну(р = 0,007). Оперовані кістки руйнувалися при навантаженнях 184,0±15,2Н, тоді як інтактні витримували 222,0 ± 17,9 Н. На 30-ту добу спостерігали наближення показників міцності оперованих кісток до показників інтактних, які визначали на рівні 226,0 ± 15,2 Н та 238,0 ± 17,9 Н. На 90-ту добу відмінності міцності між оперованими та інтактними кістками зникли повністю, про що свідчать показники величини навантаження, при яких здійснилось руйнування оперованих кісток — 308,0 ± 11,0 Н, контралатеральних — 304,0 ± 23,0 Н, а також рівень статистичної значущості різниці р = 0,704. Висновки. Протягом експерименту щільність інтактної кісткової тканини щурів статистично значуще (р = 0,002) зростала, що пов’язане з віком тварин. На 15-ту добу після оперативного втручання міцність оперованої стегнової кістки лабораторних щурів була статистично значуще (р = 0,007) нижчою за інтактну, що може бути наслідком того, що процес біодеградації заповнювача вже триває, а процес кісткоутворення ще не набув достатньої міцності. На 30-ту добу спостерігали наближення показників міцності оперованих кісток до показників інтактних. На 90-ту добу відмінності міцності між оперованими та інтактними кістками зникли повністю. Це є ознакою того, що матеріал наповнювача повністю біодеградував, дефект заповнився кістковою тканиною, яка на цей момент набула міцності здорової кісткової тканини.
A Critical stylistic analysis of the representation of the Iraqi local society in Sinan Antoon’s The Corpse Washer
Authors: Halyut Hadeel Iedan , Abed Prof. Dr. Ahmed Qadoury
Published: November 2022

The study aims to examine and elucidate the ideologies that are used by Antoon to trace his local society in his novel The corpse washer and which textual conceptual tools of critical stylistics he implements in the selected extracts. The study adopts Jeffries’(2010) critical stylistic framework to analyze the collected data quantitatively and qualitatively. The data of this study are four extracts from a different chapter of Antoon’s novel The corpse Washer. They are chosen depending on two themes: deterioration of education and art and insecurity. Each theme includes two extracts. The analysis of the data shows that Antoon uses all of the tools to present his viewpoint. The insecurity theme gets a higher percentage of the total use of analytical toolkits at a rate of 62.55%, which shows that Antoon criticizes the Iraqi government and American Army for their irresponsibility in protecting the Iraqi borders, which cause Al-Qaeda and Isis to enter the country and spread violence by killing Iraqis from different sects and ethnic groups. The analysis shows that the theme of decoration of education and art comprises 37.45% of the total use of textual conceptual functions offering Antoon’s criticism for the Iraqi administration, teachers, and people for neglecting education and art.
Life—The Antagonist of Artistic Pursuit?
Authors: Pradhan Aditi
Published: November 2022

The paper aims to talk about how artistic pursuit or passion while indispensable also poses a predicament in life in terms of human relationships and the raising of ethical quandaries. As an ideal that is considered to be intertwined with the creation of meaning in life and its contemporary popularity seeded in its overtaking by the capitalist industry, it becomes pertinent to examine the complexities surrounding the idea of artistic pursuit. The paper will examine Ernest Hemmingway’s The Old Man and the Sea and Mario Vargas Llosa’s The Way to Paradise to further propound on the nature of such a predicament.