bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Addressing The Importance of Financed Emissions to The Indonesian Financial Sector
Authors: Rizky Muhammad , Firmansyah Amrie
Published: October 2024

Business trends, including the disclosure of financed emissions, drive more precise sustainability reporting. Financed emissions are greenhouse gas emissions from activities or projects sponsored by financial institutions, such as banks, insurance firms, pension funds, and other financial institutions. This concept emerges from an examination of the function of a financial service institution in distributing capital to companies that emit emissions or have a high carbon footprint. This study aims to examine the phenomenon of financed emissions and formulate policy recommendations to disclose financed emissions in Indonesia. Employing a systematic literature review approach, this study discovered various emission accounting standards, including the GHG Protocol, PCAF, and new standards developed by the ISSB and TCFD. The issuance of green bond instruments, sustainable loans, and the formation of carbon exchanges all contribute to Indonesia’s emission accounting reporting regime. Policy recommendations include the development of environmentally sound KYC policies for financial services institutions, the synchronization of business classification according to the Green Taxonomy or KUBL, and proposals for investment emission intensity taxation in Indonesia. However, hurdles to financed emission disclosure include data quality, complexity of the finance transaction structure's complexity, the technology's equivalency, and incomplete standard setting.
Greening the Bottom Line: How Do Banking Sectors Implement Technology to Support Sustainable Development Goals in Innovation?
Authors: Gunawan Juniati , Ambarita Indah Olivia , Putri Aghnia Nadhira Aliya , Lee John Chuan Guan
Published: October 2024

The urgent need to align banking practices with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has become increasingly apparent, particularly in the context of fostering industry, innovation, and infrastructure. The primary issue at hand is the insufficient integration of SDG 9 into banks’ core strategies and operations, despite its critical importance for sustainable development. The novelty of this study lies in its detailed examination of the extent to which Indonesian banks support SDG 9 through their reported activities, an area that has been underexplored in previous research. This research aimed to investigate the level of support from banking industries to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with a particular focus on SDG 9: industry, innovation, and infrastructure. This study utilized a content analysis approach to collect secondary data from the sustainability reports of 44 banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2017 and 2020, resulting in 176 observations. In cases where sustainability reports were unavailable, annual and combined reports were used as unit analyses. The findings revealed that Indonesian banks have undertaken various activities to support SDGs, and there has been an increasing trend in disclosure from 2017 to 2020. However, the study found that a significant role of technology transformation, which should lead to innovation and support for SDG 9, was lacking. This finding suggests that SDGs are still primarily measured by external activities rather than internal activities, despite the importance of business strategy in supporting SDGs. Another significant finding was that micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) received the most support for sustainable business activity categories (SBAC). The research contributes to the literature by providing insights into the level of support for SDG 9 and SBACs. The study also underscores the importance of measuring the impact of digital banking services, which have been widely implemented, and the need for significant support for SBAs in the environmental sector.
Maximum Mean Discrepancy and Generative Moment Matching Networks: Tutorial and Survey
Authors: Ghojogh Benyamin , Ghodsi Ali
Published: October 2024

Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD), also called the kernel two-sample test, is a measurement for difference of two probability distributions. It measures this difference by pulling data to the reproducing kernel Hilbert space and calculating the difference of their first moments in that space. Generative Moment Matching Network (GMMN) uses MMD between the output of network and the training dataset as its loss function. Conditional GMMN makes it possible to generate data from a specific pattern or class label. Moreover, it is possible to find the best characteristic kernel function used in MMD loss function of GMMN. This tutorial and survey paper introduces MMD, GMMN, conditional GMMN, and MMD GAN for finding the best characteristic kernel in the MMD loss function.
Utility of the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) System in Diverse, Underrepresented, and Epistemically Excluded Populations
Authors: Balling Caroline , Carmichael Jai , Joyner Keanan , Levin-Aspenson Holly Frances , Li James Janford , Rodriguez-Seijas Craig Anthony
Published: October 2024

The generalizability of the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) model remains in question for many groups. Available data offers some understanding of the generalizability of HiTOP based on race, ethnicity, nation of origin, age, sexual orientation, and gender identity. In this brief review, we review the advantages of the HiTOP model for underrepresented populations, including its early focus on generalizability, incorporation of social determinants of health, and potential for alleviating diagnostic bias. We also consider future directions for the HiTOP model, such as further maximizing the representativeness of its associated literature.This review was published in The Clinical Psychologist (Issue 77) in 2024.
Barriers to Mental Health Support and Recommendations for Improvement from the Perspectives of 2SLGBTQIA+ Youth
Authors: Szkody Erica , Hobaica Steven , Sotomayor Ian , Jans Laura , Pinder Juno , Lopez Colette , Schleider Jessica L.
Published: October 2024

Two-spirit, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual plus (2SLGBTQIA+) youth face significant barriers to mental health care, ranging from a lack of access to therapists (e.g., months-long waitlists, lack of insurance coverage, etc.) to receiving incompetent care from non-affirming providers. To better understand the experiences of youth when accessing mental health care, the current study utilized a fixed, embedded mixed methods design with 808 2SLGBTQIA+ youth in the United States. In this sample, less than half of 2SLGBTQIA+ adolescents stated they were able to access mental health care when it was needed. Youth described experiencing unethical therapy practices by clinicians, cited their parents and practical concerns as barriers to accessing care, and concealing their identity from providers out of fear and mistrust. Youth also described feeling both validated and invalidated once they do receive care. Recommendations for caregivers, providers, organizations and programs, and policymakers are provided based on youth responses.
Unlocking the Power of Process-based Reading Models: Pedagogical Insights for the EFL Classrooms
Authors: Khadka Bishnu Kumar
Published: October 2024

This article discusses the concept of reading as a process rather than a final outcome, emphasizing its importance in the EFL (English as a Foreign Language) classroom. It explores various process-based reading models, highlighting their pedagogical implications. It argues that understanding reading as a process is crucial for effective teaching and learning in the EFL context. The main objective is to provide a comprehensive analysis of process-based reading models and their implications for pedagogy in EFL classrooms. This article delves into the significance of viewing reading as a dynamic process rather than a mere end result within the realm of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education. It navigates through various process-based reading models, shedding light on their profound implications for pedagogy. Emphasizing the pivotal role of understanding reading as a multifaceted process, the article endeavours to provide a comprehensive examination of these models and their instructional ramifications. Through an extensive literature review, the article scrutinizes the diverse linguistic processes intrinsic to reading, while revisiting prominent process-based models such as Irwin and Baker’s reading comprehension model, and the Triangle Model of Reading. Each model, it elucidates, offers distinctive insights into the reading process: the Triangle Model underscores the interplay between phonological and semantic pathways.
Bioassay of Plant-based and Synthetic Insecticides for the Management of Tomato Leaf Miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) in Open-field Conditions in Salyan, Nepal
Authors: Pandey Nabin , Tiwari Sundar
Published: October 2024

The tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), has invaded most parts of Nepal and threatens tomato production. Their management primarily relies on insecticides in Nepal. Market-available and locally-madeplant-based pesticides are not equally effective in managingT. absoluta. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of such potential insecticides in managing T. absoluta in open-field conditions. This study was carried out in the Salyan district of Nepal in 2021 and treatments were designed in a randomized complete block design (RCBD)with seven treatments and three replications. All treatments were sprayed at12-dayintervalsfor two times. The treatments used were Emamect in benzoate 5% SC, Imidacloprid 17.8 SL, Jholmol (botanical mixture extract and urine mixture), Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC, Spinosad 45 SC, Azadirachtin 300ppm and Control. The results showed that the lowest percentage of leaves and fruit damage was recorded in Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC and Spinosad 45 SC sprayed plots. Insecticide efficiency was ranked as Chlorantraniliprole > Spinosad>Ema-mectin Benzoate > Azadirachtin >Imidaclroprid>Jholmol>Control. Marketable yield was obtained highest in Chlorantraniliprole (85.26 t/ha) treated plots followed by Spinosad (79.26 t/ha); both were not significantly different. This study provides an opportunity to select the most suitable and effective pesticides for the management of tomato leaf miners and can be used in integrated pest management strategies as a selective insecticides.
Relative Effectiveness of Monetary and Fiscal Policy Measures on the Economic Growth of Nepal
Authors: Neupane Deepak
Published: October 2024

This study assesses the long run and causal relationship of various monetary and fiscal policy measures with the economic growth of Nepal. Annual time series data from the fiscal year 1976/77 to 2021/22 are used and analyzed employing econometric method of cointegration and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) for the assessment and draw inferences applying r programming. All the variables exhibit stationarity at first order difference and are co-integrated. In the long run, monetary policy measures, broad money supply has the negative relation but interest rate and exchange rate have the positive relation with the economic growth. Fiscal policy measures under consideration total revenue, total expenditure and total trade are negatively related with the long run economic growth. However, neither the fiscal nor the monetary policy measures indicate the significant relationship with the economic growth in short run. The negative and significant coefficient of Error Correction Term (ECT) suggests the convergence of variables towards long term equilibrium. The cumulative sum (CUSUM) tests indicate the stability of the coefficients in the model, and the diagnostic tests reveal the absence of serial correlation and heteroscedasticity in the model. Finally, Granger causality test shows the existence of causal relationship between the independent and dependent variables. This study concludes the existence of long run relationship of monetary and fiscal policy measures with the economic growth in Nepal and monetary policy measures appear to be relatively effective than that of fiscal policy measures in stimulating the economic growth of Nepal.
विश्वेश्वरप्रसाद कोइरालाका उपन्यासमा आख्यानकला
Authors: Gharti Durga Bahadur
Published: October 2024

प्रस्तुत लेख विश्वेश्वरप्रसाद कोइरालाका उपन्यासमा आख्यानकलाको अध्ययनमा केन्द्रित छ । उपन्यासमा कथा  सर्वाधिक महत्त्वपुर्ण हो । कथाकथन नै उपन्यासको मुख्य पक्ष हो । उपन्यासको कथाकथन घटनावर्णनमा  आधारित हुन्छ । विशेष क्रममा घटनाहरूको शृङ्खला नै आख्यान हो । आख्यानमा घटनाको व्यवस्थापन र  कथासम्प्रेषणको प्रक्रिया पर्दछन् । कथा आख्यानको महत्त्वपूर्ण अङ्ग हो । कथा घटनाहरूको कालक्रमिक शृङ्खला  हो । उपन्यासको कथा कल्पना र सम्भावनाका आधारमा संयोजन गरिएको हुन्छ । नाटकका सन्दर्भमा  आख्यानकलालाई संस्कृत नाट्यशास्त्रमा वस्तु र प्राचीन ग्रिसेली नाट्यशास्त्रमा कथानक भनिएको पाइन्छ ।  त्यसलाई आख्यानशास्त्रमा कथाशृङ्खला भनिएको पाइन्छ । आख्यानशास्त्रको विकास संरचनावादी विद्वान्हरूले  गरेका हुन् । रुसी रूपवादबाट आरम्भ भएको आख्यानको पाठकेन्द्री अध्ययन फ्रान्सेली संरचनावादमा  आख्यानशास्त्रका रूपमा विकसित भएको देखिन्छ । समाख्याशास्त्रमा आख्यान संरचनाका विविध पक्षको सूक्ष्म विवेचन पाइन्छ । । त्यसै आधारमा यस लेखमा विश्वेश्वरप्रसाद कोइरालाका उपन्यासको अधययन गरिएको छ ।  यसपूर्व कोइरालाका उपन्यासको अध्ययन विभिन्न आधारमा भए पनि आख्यानकलाका आधारमा नभएकाले यो  अध्ययन गरिएको हो । प्रस्तुत अध्ययन गुणात्मक पद्धतिका आधारित छ । अध्ययनका लागि सामग्री सङ्कलन  पुस्तकालयकार्यद्वारा गरिएको छ र सङ्कलित सामग्रीको विश्लेषण विषयवस्तु विश्लेषण विधिमा गरिएको छ ।  अध्ययनको सैद्धान्तिक ढाँचा आख्यानशास्त्रमा आधारित छ । आख्यानकलाका दृष्टिले कोइरालाका उपन्यास  प्रभावकारी रहेका छन् भन्ने यस लेखको निष्कर्ष रहेको छ ।
रखेल कथामा लैङ्गिकता
Authors: Pokhrel Manmaya
Published: October 2024

प्रस्तुत लेख निलम कार्की ‘निहारिका’द्वारा लिखित ‘रखेल कथा’ मा प्रयुक्त लैङ्गिकताको अध्ययन गर्ने क्रममा तयार पारिएको हो । यसमा लैङ्गिक समालोचनाको परिचय दिँदै यसका आधारभूत मान्यताहरूको सामान्य चर्चा गरिएको छ । यस क्रममा लैङ्गिक सम्बन्ध, नारीवाद, पितृसत्ता र शरीर राजनीतिजस्ता लैङ्गिक समालोचनाका आधारभूत सिद्धान्तहरूको सामान्य चर्चा गर्दै तिनका आधारमा कथामा प्रयुक्त लैङ्गिकताको खोजी गरिएको छ । गुणात्मक पद्धति अँगालेर लेखिएको यस लेखमा पाठविश्लेषण पद्धतिद्वारा कथामा प्रयुक्त लैङ्गिकतासँग सम्बद्ध साक्ष्यहरू पहिल्याई तिनका आधारमा कथामा प्रयुक्त लैङ्गिकताको विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । रखेल कथामा नारी अस्मिता तथा तिनको हक र अधिकारको खोजी गरिएको छ । यस कथामा पतिपत्नीबिचको सम्बन्ध असमझदारीपूर्ण तथा पुरुष हैकमवादमा आधारित देखाइएको छ । त्यसै गरी प्रेमी–प्रेमिकाबिच अवैधानिक सम्बन्धहरू देखाउनाका साथै दाजुबहिनीबिच असमझदारीपूर्ण तथा पितृसत्तात्मक अहमले ग्रसित सम्बन्ध देखाइएको छ । विवेच्य कथामा पुरुषहरूले आफूलाई सर्वेसर्वा ठानी नारीमाथि शासन गर्ने संस्कृति प्रस्तुत गरिनुका साथै नारीशरीरको शोषण गर्ने, तिनलाई भोग्या ठानी वस्तुकरण गर्दै तिनका शरीरमाथि राजनीति गर्ने जस्ता घटनाहरू प्रस्तुत गरी कथागत साक्ष्यका आधारमा विवेच्य कथा लैङ्गिकताका दृष्टिले पठनयोग्य भएको निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।
एकान्त कथामा अनुभूतिको संरचना
Authors: Pandey Sharda
Published: October 2024

प्रस्तुत अध्ययन साहित्यको समाजशास्त्रसँग सम्बन्धित छ । साहित्यको समाजशास्त्रीय चिन्तनमा आधारित विभिन्न दृष्टिकोणहरूमध्ये अनुभूतिको संरचना बेलायती समाजशास्त्री रेमण्ड विलियम्सद्वारा प्रतिपादित समाजशास्त्रीय अवधारणा हो । यसले कृतिमा समाजका मुख्य तीन पिँढीका बीच अन्तर्सम्बन्ध र क्रियाप्रतिक्रिया हुने र त्यस प्रक्रियामा समुदायले गर्ने विशिष्ट दबाबजन्य अनुभूतिको अभिव्यक्ति कलाकृतिमा हुने अनि पिँढी वा समुदाय तथा तिनका अनुभूतिको अधययनबाट समाज विशेषको सांस्कृतिक स्थिति र सामाजिक परिवर्तनको प्रक्रिया थाहा पाउन सकिन्छ भन्ने मान्यता राख्दछ । यस अध्ययनमा यही मान्यताका आधारमा ‘एकान्त’ कथाको विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । प्रस्तुत कथामा डाक्टर, शङ्करदेव, मास्टर देवलाल जस्ता प्रभुत्वशाली पिँढीले समुदायको प्रभुत्व समाजमा स्थापित गरेको र यसबाट ‘ऊ’ पात्र, श्रीमती र छोरो अधीनस्थ पिँढी वा समुदाय मानसिक र सामाजिक रूपमा शोषित भई अकालमै मृत्युवरण गर्न बाध्य भएको नेपाली समाजको वास्तविकता चित्रण भएको तथ्य अध्ययनबाट प्राप्त भएको छ । त्यस्तै कथामा प्रभुत्वशाली पिँढीले आफ्नो प्रभुत्व कायम राख्ने प्रयासका सन्दर्भमा अधीनस्थ पिँढी तनाव र दबाब खेप्न बाध्य भएको कुराको पुष्टि ‘ऊ’ पात्रका माध्यमबाट हुन्छ भन्ने निष्कर्ष पनि अध्ययनबाट प्राप्त भएको छ ।
राई समुदायमा साकेला सिलीको सांस्कृतिक महत्त्व
Authors: Rai Krishna Kumar
Published: October 2024

सिली, किरात राई समुदायको सांस्कृतिक चाड साकेलामा नाचिने नाचको ताल, शैली वा चाल परिवर्तनको अवस्था हो भन्ने बुझिन्छ । सिली बिना साकेला नाच पूरा हुन सक्दैन । साकेला नाच विनाको साकेला पूर्ण हुँदैन । त्यसैले साकेलाको केन्द्र भागको रूपमा सिली रहेको हुन्छ । सिली परिवर्तनसँगै हात र खुट्टाको चालमा पनि परिवर्तन हुन्छ । यस्ता सिलीमार्फत् मानव जीवन पद्धतिका भावभंगीहरूलाई प्रस्तुत गरिएको हुन्छ । सिलीहरू किरात राई जातिको सिकारी जीवन पद्धतिदेखि कृषि र सिपकलासँग सम्बन्धित रहेका हुन्छन् । यस्ता सिलीहरूमा सिकार गर्ने प्रक्रिया, तान बुन्ने, कपडा सिलाउने कलादेखि लिएर अन्नबाली लगाउने, उठाउने साथै सिंगारपटार गर्ने सम्मका पर्दछन् । यही सिलीको आधारमा किरात समुदायले साकेला नाच नाचेर साकेला मनाउने गर्दछन् । यस्ता सिलीहरूले प्रकृति र पितृप्रति आस्था जगाउँदै सामुहिकताको भावना सिर्जना गरेको पाइन्छ । यस आधारमा साकेला सिली किरात राई जातिको एक सांस्कृतिक पद्धतिको रूपमा रहेको छ भन्ने निष्कर्ष यस लेखको रहेको छ ।
Socio-Economic Impact of Homestay: A case study of Tharu Homestay Patalganga, Birendranagar 3, Surkhet
Authors: Devkota Bipana
Published: October 2024

Homestay tourism has been emerging as a form of sustainable tourism in many rural areas as a community development program in Nepal. The entire activities from the particular location have been integrated as a major component of rural tourism in homestay programs.To examine the socio-economic status of homestay owner. This study having the objective to explore the cultural practices of Tharu community, examine the socio-economic status of homestay owner describe the demographic pattern of the study area. Tharu community from Patalganga has been operating homestay programs where guests are offered only basic facilities i.e. normal bed just as the host sleep in their own bed, local food as host normally eat, and unique traditional hospitality with different cultural and natural beauties of particular area. Local cultural activities, traditional lifestyle of host, local tests can be experienced by guests taking part in a homestay program.Tharu people are rich in culture, have their own language, custom, and culture. This Patalganga community homestay perform the following cultural dance to entertainment the tourists like circle dance, stick dance and sakhiyadance. There are some challenges for doing home stay business in Patalganga village. The qualitative characteristics of social capitals such as road, transportation, energy, communication, security, are not supportive to the homestay. Homestay in Patalganga has created an alternative source of income for the concern family of the homestay operators. However, the families face the internal and external problems in the entire homestay. Homestay is a very effective tourism tool for economic sustainability, and natural sustainability of rural community by preserving the local tradition and culture.
Socio-cultural and Economic Status of Gurung women: A study of Birendranagar Municipality, Ward no. 1, Surkhet
Authors: Dhakal Aishwarya Prashad
Published: October 2024

Women and ethnicity are extremely important to Nepal's overall growth. Women and ethnicity play important roles in enhancing a nation's reputation abroad. The development of Nepal's economy is largely driven by women. It significantly influences Nepalese society and the economy. Women are revered as historical figures in the country. This study is conducted at Gurung community of Birendranagar Municipality Ward No. 1 Surkhet. The main objective of this study is to find out social, cultural and economic conditions and examining the changing pattern of social, cultural and economic situation of Gurung community. This research carried out a theoretical proportion of Gurung women in the situation of contemporary society of Nepal. This study had carried out to discover the demographic socio-cultural and economic profileand to suggest some remedial measures for their better economy. This study was conducted in a descriptive research design with purposive sampling. The information was gathered using both types of quantitative and qualitative data through households' survey, interview observation and questionnaires as tools together and generalization of the study. This study has also aimed to discover the major characteristics of Gurung women in contemporary society. Even though they have need to more empowerment providing by education, loan for business, and awareness program.
मृत्यु कवितामा मृत्युको परिभाषा
Authors: Dhakal Badri Prasad
Published: October 2024

आधुनिक नेपाली कवितामा मञ्जुल प्रारम्भमा प्रगतिवादी वैचारिक धरातलका कविता लेख्ने कविका रूपमा चिनिन्छन् । वि.सं. २०२४ को राल्फा आन्दोलनका अभियन्ता मञ्जलु का यस आन्दोलनसँग सम्बद्ध कविताहरू प्रगतिवादी प्रवृत्तिका छन् भने पछिल्लो समयका कविताहरू भिन्नभिन्न प्रवृत्तिका देखिन्छन् । सामाजिक राजनीतिक विकृति र विसङ्गति, अनाचार, शोषण, अशिक्षा, गरिबी आदिको विरोधका साथै क्रान्ति र विद्रोही चेतनाको अभिव्यक्तिलाई उनले आफ्ना कविताका विषय बनाएका छन् । मञ्जुल प्रणयपरक, रागात्मक चेतना, प्रकृतिचेतना र राष्ट्रिय चेतनालाई सरल र कलात्मक भाषामा प्रस्तुत गर्ने कवि हुन् । कवि मञ्जुलको मृत्युकविता (२०५५) मा मृत्युको परिभाष र परिवेशमा केन्द्रित रहेको छ । यसरी कवि मञ्जुलले मृत्युकवितामा मृत्युका विभिन्न रूप, स्वरूप तथा मृत्युका भावलाई व्यक्त गरेका छन् । मृत्यु शीर्षकमा लेखिएका उनका सबै कवितामा भिन्न दृष्टिबाट मृत्युको परिभाषा, रूप तथा स्वरूपको चित्रण गरिएको छ । मृत्यु दर्शनमा लेखिएको यस सब्ग्रहका कवितामा साधारण व्यक्तिले भ्याउन नसक्ने या पन्छाउने जीवनको मूल्य, मृत्यु, समय, मानवको या समाजको भविष्य, इच्छाको स्वतन्त्रता, वर्तमानको असामञ्जस्य, प्रेम र घृणाका, जीवन मरणका, मूलभूत कुरा समेटिएका छन् भन्ने निष्कर्ष यस लेखको रहेको छ ।
Exploring the Hero's Journey in Kate Chopin’s The Awakening and Paulo Coelho’s The Alchemist
Authors: Bhusal Damodar
Published: October 2024

This research paper explores the quest journeys of the protagonists in Kate Chopin’s The Awakening and Paulo Coelho’s The Alchemist using Joseph Campbell’s concept of the Hero’s Journey from The Hero with a Thousand Faces. The study highlights how the archetypal quest myth is presented in modern narratives. Edna Pontellier in The Awakening embarks on a journey of self-discovery, challenging societal norms and seeking personal freedom. Santiago in The Alchemist follows a more traditional hero’s path, driven by a recurring dream to find a hidden treasure, ultimately realizing that the true treasure lies within. Both journeys lead to significant personal transformations, though their outcomes differ dramatically. While Santiago's journey aligns with the classic structure of departure, initiation, and return, Edna's quest highlights the constraints of her societal context, leading to a tragic conclusion. Santiago encounters physical and spiritual trials in the desert, guided by mentors like Melchizedek and the Alchemist, and returns home enlightened. Conversely, Edna, influenced by characters like Mademoiselle Reisz and Robert Lebrun, faces internal and societal conflicts that ultimately lead her to seek freedom in death. This comparative study illustrates how modern narratives adapt and reinterpret the Hero’s Journey to explore diverse themes and experiences. It emphasizes the enduring relevance of Campbell's monomyth in understanding the complexities of human struggles and aspirations, showing how both protagonists, despite their different paths, reflect universal quests for identity and self-fulfillment. The paper underscores the impact of societal constraints on personal freedom and the varied outcomes of such quests in different cultural contexts.
Rediscovering Eco-Consciousness: Human-Nature Symbiosis in Richard Powers' The Overstory
Authors: Bhusal Tilak
Published: October 2024

Richard Powers' novel The Overstory delves into the intricate relationship between humans and nature, highlighting the themes of eco-consciousness, struggle, and suffering. This research paper critically analyzes the portrayal of eco-consciousness in the novel, examining how characters' experiences of struggle and suffering contribute to their awakening environmental awareness. Drawing from ecocritical perspectives, this article aims to illuminate the profound implications of eco-consciousness as depicted in the novel. The novel intricately weaves together the lives of various characters, each with their unique and profoundly empathetic connection to trees and the environment, highlighting the struggles and suffering they endure in their pursuit of environmental activism.
Editorial Vol.9(1)
Authors: Pandey Khimananda
Published: October 2024

Not available.
Komparasi Algoritma Decision Tree, Random Forest dan SVM untuk Prognosis COVID-19
Authors: Wibowo Agung , Indarti Indarti , Laraswati Dewi
Published: October 2024

Virus corona merupakan virus yang dapat menginfeksi manusia sehingga menyebabkan infeksi saluran pernafasan parah seperti Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) dan Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome(SARS). Virus corona baru, SARSCoV-2, adalah virus yang menyerang sistem pernapasan dan menyebabkan gejala parah seperti batuk, bersin, dan ruam. Ini dapat menyerang siapa saja, termasuk anak-anak, orang dewasa, orang tua, anak-anak, dan orang dewasa. Pada tahun 2020, virus corona berubah menjadi berbagai varian, antara lain Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Lambda, dan Kappa. Varian-varian tersebut memberikan dampak signifikan terhadap kesehatan masyarakat, khususnya di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi gelaja Covid-19 dengan cara mengkomparasi dan mengklasifikasi gejala Covid-19 menggunakan algoritma pembelajaran mesin, khususnya decision tree, random forest, dan Support Vector Machine (SVM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa decision tree memiliki tingkat akurasi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan random forest dan SVM, dengan skor F1 yang lebih tinggi mendekati 1,0 yaitu 0,97. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa Algoritma decision tree memiliki nilai confusion matrix lebih baik dibandingkan dua algoritma lainnya.
Numerical evaluation of the performance of UHPC beams under bending and shear loads using different material models
Authors: Akin-Adamu Ayodele , Yalçınkaya Çağlar , Merter Onur
Published: October 2024

The Microplane and Menetrey-Willam concrete models are formulated on the research work of Bazant and Gambarova and Menetrey-Willam in the nineties respectively. They are used in this thesis to predict how reinforced Ultra-High-Performance Concrete (UHPC) beams will behave when subjected to flexural and shear dominant loadings. The numerical models are available in ANSYS, and they can simulate UHPC's extraordinary mechanical properties, such as high compression and tension strength, strain hardening, and softening behavior in compression and tension. In this research, four UHPC beams with dimensions of 180 wide by 270 deep by 4000 mm long with tensile reinforcements were studied using the two cementitious composite models mentioned above with the ANSYS software. The beams were investigated under flexural four-point loading and shear three-point loading with the ANSYS program. A quarter-geometric section model of the full beam was considered for the four-point loading to take advantage of symmetry in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the beam. For the three-point loading, the full geometry model of the beam was considered only because of the lack of symmetry. The results from the ANSYS finite element software were validated with an experimental study conducted by different researchers to show its capacity to predict the bending and shear behavior of reinforced UHPC beams. The comparisons of the results of both material models show that they can simulate the behavior of UHPC beams by using experimental load-deflection plots of the beam specimens and force strain plots of the longitudinal tensile reinforcements in the sample beams.
Frequency studies of nonlinear TSDT FGM plates in the linear shear corrections and thermal environment temperature
Authors: Hong CC
Published: October 2024

The effects of third-order shear deformation theory (TSDT) and varied linear shear correction coefficient on the vibration frequency of thick functionally graded material (FGM) plates with fully homogeneous equations under thermal environment and power law are investigated. The nonlinear coefficient c_1 term of displacement field of TSDT is included in the fully homogeneous equation under vibration of FGM plates. The determinant of the coefficient matrix in dynamic equilibrium differential equations under vibration can be represented in the fully fifth-order polynomial equation, thus the natural frequency can be found. The natural frequency with/without the nonlinear c_1 term of displacement fields is investigated. It is a significant novelty with the consideration of the nonlinear c_1 term in the frequency computation.
Spatial and temporal dynamics of fish-habitat interactions in Yuvarlakçay stream (Muğla, Türkiye)
Authors: Karakuş Nildeniz
Published: October 2024

Human activities significantly impact freshwater ecosystems, and the dynamic nature of fluvial ecosystems makes resident species more vulnerable. The ecological importance of freshwater organisms is often overlooked in conservation concepts. The Yuvarlakçay Stream in Muğla, Türkiye, hosts endemic species but lacks conservation plans despite various threats. Freshwater habitat quality significantly affects fish survival, emphasising the need to establish fish-habitat relationships. This study aims to reveal habitat use and temporal/spatial interactions of fish in the ecosystem. In this context, Constrained Quadratic Ordination (CQO) and Point Abundance Sampling (PAS) with electrofishing are employed to understand fish-habitat relationships in the Yuvarlakçay Stream. The results revealed insignificant spatial variations over seasons within the fish populations. The endemic Aegean chub Squalius fellowesii, barbel Barbus xanthos, and spined loach Cobitis fahireae emerged as the most prevalent species in the study. Their presence was consistent across seasons, and their habitat relations exhibited overlaps. Water abstraction for agricultural and aquacultural purposes is defined as the major threat in the area, compounded by climate change-induced reductions in rainfall.
Determination of metals in different tissues of Trachurus trachurus from the Marmara Sea and evaluation of their health risks
Authors: Hanbeyoğlu Ayşe , Zöngür Alper , Özcan Cemile
Published: October 2024

The present study aimed to determine the differences in metal levels of Aluminum (Al), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), İron (Fe), Manganese (Mn), Nickel (Ni), Lead (Pb) and Zinc (Zn) between muscle and liver tissues of Trachurus trachurus, the correlation of metal accumulation in tissues with fish length and weight was examined. Health risks and nutritional adequacy were evaluated based on metal levels accumulated in fish muscle. The results demonstrated that fish liver accumulated higher metal levels than muscle. The investigation revealed that the majority of metals present in the tissues of the fish did not exhibit a significant correlation with their size (p>0.05). It can be concluded that fish are not an adequate source of these nutrients because their nutrient levels are below reference values. The fish were found to be nutrient deficient, as the levels of nutrients were below reference values. The estimated daily intakes of all metals accumulated in muscle were below reference doses. The target hazard coefficient and target hazard index values were less than 1. Lifetime carcinogenic risk values were below 10-4, and total carcinogenic risk values were within the acceptable range. Pb and Cd concentrations in muscle exceeded the tolerable limit. The daily amount of fish that could be consumed without non-carcinogenic health risk was 181 grams for Cd and 295 grams for Pb. The daily amount of fish that could be consumed without carcinogenic health risk was 1.21 grams for Cd and 231 grams for Pb.
Geographic expansion of the blackbellied angler (Lophius budegassa) towards the east along the Turkish coast of the Black Sea
Authors: Aydın Mehmet , Karadurmuş Uğur
Published: October 2024

The natural range of Lophius budegassa, originating from the Atlanto-Mediterranean region, extends from the Mediterranean Sea basin to the Sea of Marmara. However, its occurrence along the Turkish coast of the Black Sea has previously been limited to the Sinop coast in the Western Black Sea. This study provides the first scientific evidence of L. budegassa extending to the easternmost part of the Black Sea, based on capturing two specimens under different circumstances. This observation underscores the dynamic nature of marine ecosystems and the interplay of ecological and anthropogenic factors. The congruence between species temperature preferences and actual water temperatures in the Black Sea suggests suitable environmental conditions for L. budegassa. However, the absence of an established stock and the discovery of only two large-sized adult individuals suggest a potential isolated event rather than a significant range expansion. Factors such as navigation errors, food availability, or reproductive behaviour may contribute to the presence of L. budegassa in this region.
Principle of predicting the reduction of insulation properties of electric motor windings
Authors: Matvienko A. , Krivonosov V. , Prudnikova N. , Sirenko M.
Published: October 2024

The simplicity of the design of the asynchronous electric motors (AM) allows them to be widely used in industry. The AM fleet sometimes reaches 80% of the total load of the enterprise. According to statistics, more than 60% of AM failures are observed due to damage to the insulation of the AM stator winding. The reason is premature dynamic and thermal aging of the insulation, which leads to the failure of the conductive and grooved parts of the AM winding. As a result of a decrease in the dielectric properties of the insulation, damage occurs in the stator windings of AM, such as turn, phase-to-phase short circuits, which tend to develop into a short circuit. Short circuits in the stator windings of the AM are emergency and lead to a sudden disconnection of the AM from the power supply network by existing relay protection means, for example, current cut-off or thermal protection. Sudden, non-sanctioned disconnection of the electric motor from the power supply leads to the shutdown of technological equipment, damage to equipment, raw materials and economic losses. The aim of the work is to develop the principles of timely monitoring and prediction of the state of housing and interphrase insulation of stator windings of AM using the energy of capacitors with local compensation of reactive power. To achieve this goal, research was carried out at a laboratory institution with AM, in which branches of turns were made. The transient processes of capacitor discharge are considered and new methods for monitoring and predicting the residual insulation life are proposed. The new method is based on monitoring the condition of the insulation after each disconnection of the AM from the power supply, while using the energy that remains in the capacitors. The use of a change in the velocity characteristic of the constant discharge time of the capacitor made it possible to predict the residual service life of the AM. The personality of the study is that under the conditions of local compensation of reactive power, it is possible to use the energy remaining in the capacitors to diagnose and predict the state of insulation, as well as the change in the velocity characteristic of the capacitor discharge time constant, which is a criterion parameter for predicting the residual service life of the AM. The carried out studies confirmed the development of test diagnostics in conditions of reactive voltage compensation, which is a new direction in systems non-poisonous diagnostics, which requires continued research and applications in industry.
Methods of optimization energy consumption in residential and public buildings with the availability of alternative sources of energy supply
Authors: Lytvyn V.
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the potential for increasing the efficiency of electricity consumption in residential and administrative buildings in the presence of various energy sources and storage systems. This task is relevant in view of the spread of renewable energy sources both in centralized power supply systems and at local facilities and the significant impact of unstable generation on the cost of electricity in the market. In particular, the main consumers of electricity, which can be used as "consumers-regulators", as well as storage systems available for use in buildings, are considered. Taking into account that a significant amount of electricity is used or can be used in building air-conditioning systems, as well as for the needs of hot water supply, the construction of mathematical models of such systems for existing buildings will allow the creation of effective electrical load management systems to optimize energy costs for traditional buildings and ensure autonomy for buildings with close to zero energy consumption. The article describes the priority tasks to be solved to build an energy management system to minimize energy costs and increase the efficiency of the country's energy system and local energy systems of communities. The formulation of the tasks follows from the analysis of information on the actual consumption schedules of residential and public buildings and the analysis of their mutual correlation, which allows using these findings to develop algorithms for monitoring energy consumption and load management on the consumer side. Further stages of the study include additional measurements of actual energy consumption at the facilities with a discreteness of several seconds to an hour, while simultaneously recording potential influencing factors, which will allow creating a digital model of building energy consumption. A preliminary analysis of the research shows that the most promising mathematical apparatus for building such a model is the use of neural networks.
Voces que resuenan: Construyendo una agenda por los derechos de los niños en Juliaca-Perú
Authors: Pasaca Apaza Diana , Rodríguez Chokewanca Ingrid Rossana
Published: October 2024

Introducción: Este estudio involucró a 120 representantes de Municipios Escolares en Juliaca, Perú, con el objetivo de escuchar sus opiniones sobre temas críticos como la violencia contra los niños, el trabajo infantil y los derechos de los niños, para construir una agenda que promueva sus derechos. Metodología: Se utilizó una metodología cualitativa basada en actividades lúdicas y participativas, como juegos y discusiones grupales, permitiendo a los niños expresar sus percepciones y propuestas para abordar estos problemas. Resultados: Los resultados destacan la importancia de la participación infantil en la formulación de soluciones, la necesidad de políticas inclusivas y preventivas, y el empoderamiento de los niños como agentes de cambio. Discusión: El estudio subraya la relevancia de garantizar los derechos de los niños a ser escuchados y tomados en cuenta en las decisiones que afectan su bienestar, y cómo su participación es clave para construir un futuro más justo. Conclusiones: Es fundamental fomentar la participación ciudadana de los niños a lo largo de su desarrollo, asegurando su papel activo en la creación de una sociedad más equitativa.
Properties of concrete with brick waste aggregate
Authors: Jabbarova N. E. , Najafova E. A. , Gahramanly Yu. N.
Published: October 2024

The properties of concrete with brick waste aggregate are considered and it is established that as the amount of large aggregates - brick waste - increases, an increase in the water-cement ratio is observed. The mobility of concrete with a brick waste content of 50% corresponds to class P1, at 40% – P2, at 35% – class P3. Increased water consumption is necessary due to the effect of water absorption of porous brick chips, as well as maintaining the mobility of the concrete mixture, which changes significantly quickly over time. The initial settlement of the concrete mixture cone is 14–15 cm, after 40 minutes it decreases to 3–6 cm, and after 1 hour the mixture completely hardens. An increase in the content of coarse fillers leads to a decrease in the compressive strength of ceramic concrete. Thus, concrete samples with a filler content of 35% can be classified as class B27.5, samples with 40% – to B25, and 50% – to class B22.5. Electron microscopy was used to study the contact zone “cement stone – aggregate” on samples with crushed stone from brick waste and crushed granite aggregate. The results revealed that the adhesion strength of the aggregate to the cement stone is significantly higher than the strength of the aggregate itself, and the high surface roughness of lightweight secondary aggregates from broken bricks ensures good adhesion between the cement stone and the aggregate. In addition, the increased deformability of the aggregate reduces the negative impact on the shrinkage of cement stone, which has a positive effect on the structure of concrete, preventing the appearance of shrinkage microcracks.
Competitive position of sand-lime bricks in the domestic market, threats and opportunities for manufacturers
Authors: Akulova I. I. , Slavcheva G. S. , Babenko D. S.
Published: October 2024

The problem of assessing the prospects of silicate bricks in the domestic market of small wall materials is discussed. The solution to this problem is based on the results of the analysis of the market situation, consumer preferences and competitiveness of silicate bricks. It is shown that in the period from 2014 to 2021 due to the stronger competitive position of autoclaved aerated concrete blocks and face ceramic bricks, the capacity of the market of silicate bricks decreased, its production volume and share in the structure of consumption of small-piece wall materials. The results of marketing research conducted on the basis of online questionnaires of respondents are presented, according to which the majority of respondents consider face ceramic bricks to be the material that best meets their requirements in terms of quality and appearance. The calculations showed that despite the fact that ceramic bricks have almost equal positions in terms of technical parameters and worse positions in terms of aesthetics, the most competitive material is, nevertheless, silicate bricks, which have a relatively low price. A number of threats for silicate brick producers include a decrease in demand for products, a high degree of wear and tear of technological equipment, dependence on foreign supplies of pigments, spare parts and components for equipment, insufficient level of professional competence of the personnel, etc. It is expected that in the future a number of manufacturers of sand-lime bricks will have to face the following challenges. It is assumed that in the future the ordinary silicate bricks will apparently “leave” the construction market, in connection with which manufacturers will have to focus on improving the quality and aesthetic parameters of facial silicate bricks while maintaining an attractive price for consumers.
Method for introducing carbon nanotubes into fine-grained concrete
Authors: Lyashenko D. A. , Perfilov V. A. , Dubtsova E. Yu. , Nikolaev M. E. , Klimenko V. I.
Published: October 2024

This work discusses the use of a modifying complex additive to concrete with the inclusion of carbon nanotubes “Taunit-M” and the SP-3 plasticizer. Two methods of introducing nano-sized additives into the composition of fine-grained concrete, as well as their combination, are considered. The results of a series of tests of beam samples aged 28 days are presented using two methods of introducing nanotubes, namely: the use of an ultrasonic dispersant and the use of a linear induction rotator (LIR). The positive effect of introducing nanotubes on the strength characteristics of concrete has been established. It has been determined that the use of LIR technology provides an increase in strength due to a double effect: activation of the cement binder and distribution of the nanoadditive using active mixing due to vortex action. Ultrasonic dispersion, in turn, ensures the effective introduction of the plasticizer into the mixing water.
Bilal's Journey, a Story of Emancipation
Authors: Marzola Gianmarco
Published: October 2024

Bilal's story traces the journey of migrant youths who abandon European reception projects while remaining undocumented. Based on extensive ethnographic fieldwork and inquiry into Bilal's lived experience, evidence is presented on how the Italian reception system fails to address the migrants’ needs and vulnerabilities. Labour is a central element in the life stories of migrant youths, although access to the labour market is constrained by laws on protection of minors and asylum bureaucracies. This fact collides with the youths’ aspirations, in which mobility and economic independence are seen as fundamental elements of ‘adulthood’. Against this backdrop, steps should be made in both legal and humanitarian approaches to youth migration to promote a regular and dignifying access to labour as a possible form of emancipation and citizenship.
Reading ethnography in the classroom
Authors: Stefanelli Alice
Published: October 2024

As the popularity of ethnographic research methods grows across and beyond the social sciences, it is of paramount importance that practitioners reflect on how to best teach participant observation to increasingly diverse and interdisciplinary audiences. While available literature stresses the importance of learning-by-doing to develop students’ ethnographic sensibility, I argue that these techniques neglect the development of students’ ethnographic imagination, which is necessary to prepare first-time fieldworkers to face the unpredictability of research. To remedy this training shortcoming, I then propose that we turn to reading ethnographies in the classroom as a collective, critical and participative practice that can help students picture ‘what really happens’ during fieldwork, inspire their research design, and prepare them for the unpredictability of participant observation.
Boron isotopes in the PAMELA experiment
Authors: Bogomolov E. A. , Vasilyev G. I. , Menn W. , Adriani O. , Bazilevskaya G. A. , Barbarino G. , Bellotti R. , Boezio M. , Bonvicini V. , Bongi M. , Bottai S. , Bruno A. , Vacchi A. , Vannuccini E. , Voronov S. A. , Galper A. M. , De Santis C. , Di Felice V. , Zampa G. , Zampa N. , Casolino M. , Campana D. , Carlson P. , Castellini G. , Cafagna F. , Kvashnin A. A. , Kvashnin A. N. , Koldobskiy S. A. , Lagoida I. A. , Leonov A. A. , Mayorov A. G. , Malakhov V. V. , Martucci M. , Marcelli L. , Merge M. , Mikhailov V. V. , Mocchiutti E. , Monaco A. , Mori N. , Munini R. , Osteria G. , Panico B. , Papini P. , Picozza P. , Ricci M. , Ricciarini S. , Simon M. , Sparvoli R. , Spillantini P. , Stozhkov Y. I. , Yurkin Y. T.
Published: October 2024

In this work, a new analysis of the isotopic composition of boron nuclei (B) in galactic cosmic rays (GCR) in the range of rigidities of 1–5 GV (nuclear energies 0.1–1.5 GeV/nucleon) was carried out using data from the PAMELA space experiment 2006–2014 on the rigidity of detected nuclei and their velocity (time-of-flight analysis and ionization losses in the instrument’s multilayer calorimeter). The new results of the PAMELA experiment expand the energy range of previous measurements, are consistent with the few existing data, and indicate deviations of the B isotope ratios from the GALPROP simulation data for the GCR, similar to the deviations for the Li and Be isotopes in the PAMELA data, which can be interpreted as evidence of observation against the background of the GCR the contribution of several local sources from explosions of nearby (hundreds of parsec) supernovae.