bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antiguas y nuevas diásporas: una caracterización de la población de nacionalidad española en el exterior a partir del PERE.
Authors: Recaño Valverde Joaquín , de Miguel Luken Verónica
Published: February 2020

In this paper, we analyse different aspects of the Spanish citizens abroad in the context of the new emigration flows stemmed from the economic crisis. This research has been carried out using the microdata from the recent ‘Padrón de Españoles Residentes en el Extranjero (PERE)’ (register of the Spanish citizens living in a foreign country) and it presents at the end a typology according to the municipalities in Spain where Spaniards abroad have selected to be assigned. Our findings prove that the main growth mechanism for this population (40 per cent in the period 2009-2014) is a consequence of the legislative changes regarding the acquisition of the Spanish nationality. These changes mostly affect the descendants of the former Spanish emigration, which took place before 1950. Despite the academic contributions about the recent flows from Spain, the new Spanish emigration still has a testimonial presence in the PERE. However, this source allows detecting the outburst of the recent immigrants’ transnational mobility, who now have a Spanish citizenship. These people, pushed by the crisis, return to th
Los planos urbanos del Cuerpo de Estado Mayor del Ejército, 1865-1900.
Authors: Urteaga Luis , Magallanes Luis
Published: February 2020

Urban surveys carried out in Spain by cartographers of the General Staff during the last decades of the nineteenth century are studied. Our aim is to present a set of documents, mostly unpublished, of a considerable value for the study of the Spanish cities in a time of deep urban transformations. We describe the surveying instruments and the survey system, and bring a synthesis over the genesis of this documentation which is kept at the map archive of the “Centro Geográfico del Ejército” (Army Geographical Service, Madrid).
La economía política de la esclavitud: los argumentos económicos del debate abolicionista español del siglo XIX.
Authors: Perdices de Blas Luis , Ramos Gorostiza José Luis
Published: February 2020

The abolition of slavery in the Spanish Caribbean colonies was a long and tortuous process that was not fully completed until 1886. In the Spanish abolitionist debate arguments of various kinds were used: moral, religious, legal, humanitarian, political and economic. These latter have so far not received specific attention from historians, who have been interested however in many other aspects of the abolitionist process. This work focuses on the main economic arguments used by pro-slavery and abolitionist Spanish authors during the nineteenth century, analyzing their European intellectual sources.
Expansión de la producción y estancamiento de los ingresos agrícolas en Brasil: latifundio y pasivos territoriales como herencia del período post-neoliberal.
Authors: Paulino Eliane
Published: February 2020

This paper addresses the changes in Brazil’s agrarian pact during to the post-neoliberal period established in 2003 and intensified after the controversial impeachment process of the president in 2016. Basing on the analysis of agricultural data, legislation, and governmental acts, this paper shows that, in the name of legal security claiming to foster agriculture and development in general, a considerable involution is being imposed to the protection of social well-being; such an involution involves territorial liabilities of the policy that induces land grabbing
630. Colonialidad del poder, desarrollo urbano y desposesión mapuche: urbanización de tierras mapuche en la Araucanía chilena
Authors: Mansilla Quiñones Pablo , Imilan Ojeda Walter
Published: February 2020

El crecimiento urbano de la ciudad de Padre Las Casas, en la Región de la Araucanía de Chile, en tierras indígenas mapuche tiene un impacto en el proceso de desterritorialización de sus habitantes indígenas. El presente texto describe los conflictos provocados por procesos de urbanización en comunidades mapuche. Se plantea que los conceptos de los estudios urbanos son insuficientes para abordar la transformación ontológica del suelo/territorio. Se exploraron conceptos de teorías decoloniales para develar las implicancias espacio culturales del proceso de expansión urbana y desterritorialización mapuche. Nuestra hipótesis es que más allá de elementos jurídicos institucionales que posibilitan la urbanización, ésta responde a concepciones de colonialidad del poder, del ser y estar que se aplican sobre la sociedad mapuche en la actualidad.
Raman-induced pulse destabilization and bistability in an all-normal dispersion oscillator
Authors: Szczepanek Jan , Kardaś Tomasz M. , Radzewicz Czesław , Stepanenko Yuriy
Published: February 2020

We report the experimental study of spectral modulations induced by a stimulated Raman scattering process in an all-fiber all-normal dispersion oscillator. With the use of dispersive Fourier transform, we recorded a series of single-shot spectra of consecutive laser pulses. The data indicate that the Raman process destabilizes the long-wavelength part of the laser pulse spectrum without disrupting the single-pulse generation regime. Our experiments revealed also that the oscillator displayed bistable operation for high pump powers. Two stable dissipative soliton mode-locked states were observed, together with output power hysteresis.
Fiber-optic distributed seismic sensing data generator and its application for training classification nets
Authors: Shiloh Lihi , Lellouch Ariel , Giryes Raja , Eyal Avishay
Published: February 2020

Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) is a powerful tool thanks to its ease of use, high spatial and temporal resolution, and sensitivity. Growing demand for long-distance distributed seismic sensing (DSeiS) measurements, in conjunction with the development of efficient algorithms for data processing, has led to an increased interest in the technology from industry and academia. Machine-learning-based data processing, however, necessitates tedious in situ calibration experiments that require significant effort and resources. In this Letter, a geophysics-driven approach for generating synthetic DSeiS data is described, analyzed, and tested. The generated synthetic data are used to train DSeiS classification algorithms. The approach is validated by training an artificial neural-network-based classifier using synthetic data and testing its performance on experimental DSeiS records. Accuracy is greatly improved thanks to the incorporation of a geophysical model when generating training data.
Wavelength- and dispersion-tunable ultrafast holmium-doped fiber laser with dual-color operation: publisher’s note
Authors: Pawliszewska Maria , Dużyńska Anna , Zdrojek Mariusz , Sotor Jarosław
Published: February 2020

This publisher’s note contains corrections to Opt. Lett.
45, 956 (2020)OPLEDP0146-959210.1364/OL.383788.
Painter Alfred Krupa (1915-1989) was the very first man who invented the modern wheeled suitcase in the early 1950's
Authors: Krupa Alfred Freddy
Published: February 2020

According to the UNTWO (World Tourism Organization) 1.2 billion people made an international trip in 2015, and it is predicted that it will rise to 1.8 billion world travelers in 2025. Suitcase with wheels is known to all those who traveled but the real inventor of it is not known to everyone. Many journalists reported that in 1970, Bernard Sadow, then the owner of the American company U.S. Luggage (now part of the Briggs & Riley TRAVELWARE) invented in 1970 and patented in 1972 first suitcase with wheels and so changed the world of travel. There are records of some earlier efforts to solve the wheeled luggage problem, but it all remained still impractical, archaic and vague. It is true that
Bernard Sadow was the one who patented with success suitcase with wheels but not the first man who invented it and use it in daily traveling. The fact of the history is that the painter
Alfred Krupa was the very first man who invented and used the modern suitcase with wheels (wheeled suitcase) as we know and use it today, sometime before or in 1954 (in period 1950-1954). And that is only one among his popular creations from early 1950's.
SOBRE EXISTÊNCIAS: AS NARRATIVAS DE VIDA DE MULHERES TRANS E SEUS MODOS DE RESISTÊNCIA
Authors: De Oliveira Itauane , Romanini Moises
Published: February 2020

Atualmente, a transexualidade é compreendida como um fenômeno que causa intenso sofrimento ao indivíduo, tendo em vista que há um sentimento de pertença a um determinado gênero que está em desacordo com o seu sexo biológico. A cirurgia transgenitalizadora, dessa maneira, é considerada a indicação terapêutica mais adequada. Diante desse contexto, em que a transexualidade é tomada como uma experiência universal e patológica, realizou-se uma pesquisa cujo objetivo geral foi o de compreender a forma como vão se construindo as trajetórias das pessoas transgêneros nas políticas públicas de saúde em um município do interior do Rio Grande do Sul. A partir da realização de 6 entrevistas narrativas com mulheres trans, nesse artigo buscamos reconstruir os aspectos cronológicos ou indexados de tais narrativas, apresentando suas histórias e experiências, fragmentos de vida que nos mostram que o corpo também é político, e que sendo construído sob relações de poder, pode sim resistir.
UM BREVE ENSAIO SOBRE A MASCULINIDADE HEGEMÔNICA
Authors: Rodriguez Shay De los Santos
Published: February 2020

O seguinte texto tem o intuito de problematizar em um âmbito da arqueologia de gênero e queer, a masculinidade hegemônica, que agride com as suas práticas e gera resultados terríveis.  Para isso, foi necessário discorrer sobre quem pertence ao modelo hegemônico e quem não pertence e assim elaborar maneiras de acabar com a masculinidade tóxica que afeta todas as pessoas.
ENTRELAÇANDO MASCULINIDADES E JUVENTUDES NO PORTAL DE PERIÓDICOS CAPES ENTRE 2000 E 2017
Authors: Oliveira Francis Fonseca , Santos Claudiene
Published: February 2020

Estudos masculinistas são estudos de matriz feminista sobre masculinidades, que analisam as relações de gênero e suas interseccionalidades, problematizando posições masculinas e normas hegemônicas-homofóbicas-misóginas. Analisamos como masculinidades e juventudes são enunciadas nas produções científicas, por meio de estado da arte de artigos no Portal de Periódicos CAPES, entre 2000- 2017. Houve  crescente discussão dos estudos sobre jovens homens no Brasil e na América Latina, com produções, majoritariamente, nas ciências humanas e sociais. As 176 publicações encontradas  foram discutidas em seis categorias, articulando os estudos de gênero na construção das identidades masculinas a diversas instâncias sociais, palco para legitimação ou processos de ruptura da masculinidade hegemônica. Os trabalhos encontrados refletem discussões interseccionais sobre (re)produções discursivas da masculinidade hegemônica  que, performativamente, fabricam hierarquizações sociais. As múltiplas identidades masculinas juvenis e suas articulações nesses trabalhos, mostram que há uma produção de estudos de matriz feminista na discussão sobre a pluralidade das masculinidades juvenis.
MASCULINIDADES NO CONTEXTO ESCOLAR: COMO A TEMÁTICA É ABORDADA EM ARTIGOS PUBLICADOS EM DOSSIÊS DE PERIÓDICOS NACIONAIS
Authors: Siqueira Silva Luciana Aparecida , De Queiroz Silva Elenita Pinheiro
Published: February 2020

No Brasil, o estudo das masculinidades teve emergência na década de 1990, centrado no argumento de que os homens estariam vivenciando uma crise. Tal campo de estudo tem correlações com as lutas de movimentos sociais, tendo seu percurso intimamente ligado à produção social do conceito de gênero e aos estudos feministas. Este artigo é resultante de um levantamento realizado em periódicos nacionais, nos quais buscamos pela divulgação da produção sobre masculinidades no contexto escolar. Foram identificados 11 artigos distribuídos em 10 dossiês produzidos entre os anos de 1998 a 2018. Os resultados apontam para a constatação de que raça, gênero e classe social não podem ser dissociados nas análises, com forte tendência em não se considerar masculino e feminino como categorias opostas; heterossexualidade compulsória e masculinidade hegemônica são tendências presentes nas discussões. Foram identificadas lacunas relativas às interlocuções entre masculinidades e Ensino de Biologia.
Osadnicy, twierdze, temy. Bizantyńskie działania w celu wzmocnienia granicy z wczesnośredniowieczną Bułgarią, VII–X w.
Authors: Marinow Kirił
Published: February 2020

Artykuł podnosi zagadnienia związane z bizantyńską rekonkwistą ziem trackich i macedońskich po okresie najazdów barbarzyńskich na Półwysep Bałkański w V–VII w. n.e. Realizując plan odzyskiwania tych terenów władze w Konstantynopolu musiały brać pod uwagę realne zagrożenie ze strony chanatu bułgarskiego, funkcjonującego na północ od gór Hemos. Bułgarzy bowiem zagrażali nie tylko powodzeniu bizantyńskiego przedsięwzięcia, lecz wyprawiali się znacznie dalej na południe, sięgając w swych rajdach okolic cesarskiej stolicy (na południowym wschodzie) czy ziem geograficzno-historycznej Macedonii (na południowym zachodzie). By temu zaradzić, a i urealnić swoją obecność na wspomnianych obszarach, cesarze sprowadzali ludność małoazjatycką, którą uzupełniano istniejące tam pustki osadnicze, osadzając ją w już istniejących lub nowo wzniesionych twierdzach i miastach (jako oddziały garnizonowe), bądź na terenach uprawnych (osadnictwo wiejskie). Innym krokiem było utworzenie na wskazanych terenach konkretnych jednostek administracyjnych, za pośrednictwem których łatwiej było nimi zarządzać i skutecznie organizować opór przeciwko najeźdźcom z północy. Miejscowi osadnicy stanowili również podstawową siłę militarną zobowiązaną do ochrony tych pogranicznych terytoriów. Z drugiej strony twierdze trackie pełniły rolę bizantyńskich forpoczt i baz wypadowych dla wypraw cesarskich organizowanych przeciwko samej Bułgarii.
Locators of the settlements under Wallachian law in the Sambor starosty in XVth and XVIth c. Territorial, ethnic and social origins.
Authors: Gawron Jan
Published: February 2020

This article deals with issues related to the origin of locators of the Wallachian settlements on the example of villages established in the Sambor starosty in the XVth and XVIth centuries. It relies primarily on the analysis of information found in the location documents of settlements arising in this area. The research carried out here leads to the conclusion that the first owners of the Wallachian villages in the Sambor starosty were the representatives of the Wallachian nobility, most probably from the Transylvania area, who received extensive land bestowals from the king Vladyslav Jagiello in the XVth century. From the knyazships founded by the nobility came the knyazes who founded new Wallachian villages within the royal domain in the XVIth century. They were mainly from the peasant estate, and most of them were recruited from the ruthenised knyaz families and from the subjects of the same domains. Although the ethnic Vlachs constituted a small percentage of residents of the Sambor starosty and were quickly subjected to ruthenisation, their descendants continued to lead the ranks among the locators. The work also draws attention to the characteristics of the development of the settlement network in the Sambor area. New settlements were most often created at a short distance from the home rural centres surrounding them from various directions. After some time, these "villages" could also become "home" for subsequent settlements. New settlements were usually located in areas situated higher than the home settlements of founders who, looking for new settlement areas, headed upstream as the rivers were natural communication routes.
Marki kolońskie czy liwry francuskie, czyli o finansowaniu i przelicznikach walutowych podczas IV wyprawy krzyżowej, w świetle umowy z kwietnia 1201 roku oraz kronik Geoffroy’a de Villehardouin i Roberta z Clari
Authors: Pentek Zdzisław
Published: February 2020

Artykuł dotyczy finansowania IV krucjaty oraz umowy przyszłych przywódców krucjaty z Wenecją zawartej w kwietniu 1201 roku. Poruszono kwestie przeliczników walutowych marki kolońskiej i liwrów francuskich, o których piszą kronikarze Robert z Clari i Geoffroy de Villehardouin. Ustalono, że podana przez Roberta z Clari kwota zapłacona przez krzyżowców Wenecji opiewająca na 50 tys. liwrów jest niezgodna z realiami. W rzeczywistości było to 50 tys. marek kolońskich, które miały znacznie mniejszą wartość. Gdyby to były liwry francuskie wystarczyłyby one na pokrycie całej kwoty, którą krzyżowcy zobowiązali się zapłacić, bowiem 50 tys. liwrów było wówczas równe 20 450 kg srebra, a cała suma, jaką krzyżowcy zobowiązali się opiewała na 85 tys. marek kolońskich, czyli 19 890 kg srebra. Tymczasem wiadomo, że po zapłaceniu owych 50 tys. i dodatkowego tysiąca zebranego przez żołnierzy pozostał jeszcze dług 34 tys. marek kolońskich, które krzyżowcy musieli odpracować na służbie weneckiej. Organizatorzy IV krucjaty znacznie przeszacowali liczbę przyszłych jej uczestników i zawarli umowę z Wenecją znacznie na wyrost, zamawiając budowę floty i prowiant na czas jednego roku dla zbyt dużej liczby uczestników wyprawy. W rezultacie ci, którzy stawili się na wyprawę, nie byli w stanie pokryć ogromnych jej kosztów.
Kształtowanie się systemu społecznego w Besarabii w latach 1812-1873
Authors: Skowronek Anna
Published: February 2020

Besarabia to region historyczny, który w XIX wieku stanowił część Imperium Rosyjskiego. Przez cały wiek funkcjonowania w Imperium Rosyjskim Besarabia zachowała swój wieloetniczny i wielokulturowy charakter. Rosja zaczęła kształtować nową administrację oraz skład społeczny prowincji, czyniąc ją podobną do reszty Imperium. Najbardziej znaczące zmiany zaszły pod rządami Mikołaja I w latach 30-tych i 40-tych XIX wieku, kiedy gubernatorem Besarabii i reszty tzw. Nowej Rosji był gen. Michaiła Woroncowa. W wyniku wprowadzenia kilku dekretów prawnych (ros. ukazy) niektóre grupy zostały połączone z innymi, co ułatwiło rządy prowincji i dało carom większe dochody z Besarabii. Ważne przemiany społeczne w Besarabii prowadzone przez władze centralne zostały ukończone na początku lat 70-tych, kiedy wszystkie prawa autonomii zostały zniesione, a status Besarabii został zmieniony z tzw. obłasti na gubernię pod rządami własnego gubernatora. W międzyczasie prowincja przeszła proces rusyfikacji, gdy rząd centralny wprowadził rosyjski jako jedyny język urzędowy, a prawo rosyjskie zastąpiło lokalne zwyczaje prawne. W rezultacie Besarabia wydawała się być jak każdy inny region Rosji, z niewielkimi szansami na odrodzenie.
Debt Crisis and Learning – Replying to Two Stimulating Reviews
Authors: Bohoslavsky Juan Pablo , Raffer Kunibert
Published: February 2020

This piece tackles Barrio Arleo and Lienau’s comments on Sovereign Debt Crises: What Have We Learned? while tries to further develop some ideas and discussions proposed in the book. This piece deals with existing alternatives to overcome debt crises, the link between sovereign policy space and the principle of creditors’ equal treatment, who the target of the book is (and should be), whether “learning is enough”, and the potential policy and legal role of human rights law in debt restructurings.
On the stability of k-Hessian overdetermined and partially overdetermined problems in planar domain
Authors: Zhao Lingling , Li Fengquan
Published: February 2020

In this paper, we study the stability of k-Hessian overdetermined problems under small perturbations in

R
2

{R^{2}}

. Additionally, we give a proof for k-Hessian partially overdetermined problems and the related stability problems in

R
2

{R^{2}}

. The proof mainly replies to choosing a suitable auxiliary f.
Aplasia cutis congenita as a consequence of fetal reduction in a triplet pregnancy
Authors: Clemente Maria , Perazzolli Gabriele , Tadiotto Elisa , Pecoraro Luca , Schena Donatella , Pietrobelli Angelo
Published: February 2020

Background

Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) is a rare skin disorder characterized by a localized absence of skin at birth. It has been linked to both assisted reproductive technology (ART) and feto-reduction procedures. Group V ACC presents with a distinct, symmetrical distribution pattern. It is thought to result from an insult to the fetus after concomitant twin demise and is almost exclusively reported in monochorionic gestations.

Case presentation

We report a rare case of Group V ACC in a dichorionic, triamniotic (di-Tri) triplet in-vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancy subsequent to feto-reduction. The lesions were managed conservatively.

Conclusion

ACC in multi-fetal pregnancies is a rare, but widely described complication. With increased incidence of ART-associated pregnancies and the use of feto-reduction for multiple pregnancies, this may become a more common phenomenon. Neonatologists and obstetricians should be aware of this complication and counsel their feto-reduction patients on the risks. This case is interesting because, to the best of our knowledge, there have been only nine reported cases of Group V ACC in triplet or higher order gestations.
Drivers ’reaction time research in the conditions in the real traffic
Authors: Droździel Paweł , Tarkowski Sławomir , Rybicka Iwona , Wrona Rafał
Published: February 2020

The article presents the results of research on the total reaction time of drivers in real traffic conditions. The tested driver had to react to a complex signal by performing a braking manoeuvre. The measurements were based on the author’s method combining the measurements of reaction time during the actual driving with their computer analysis. The research group consisted of 15 drivers with different seniority of driving licences. The study measured the time of perception and the time of leg transfer from the accelerator pedal to the brake pedal. The results were subjected to analysis and on its basis conclusions were formulated.
Evaluating a University Entrepreneurial Programme in a Developing Country: Applying Rasch Measurement Theory to Attitude to Enterprise
Authors: Gil-Soto Esperanza , Oreja-Rodriguez Juan R. , García-Rodríguez Francisco J. , Ruiz-Rosa Inés
Published: February 2020

This paper examines the impact of an educational programme developed in Senegal with university students and designed to encourage entrepreneurship by influencing personal attitudes toward enterprise. The instrument to measure the entrepreneurial potential of young people has been applied in different socio-demographic contexts in some previous empirical research. Improvements in students’ perception of attitudinal factors associated with leadership, creativity, achievement and intuition can be inferred from the results of the longitudinal analysis conducted. Moreover, a positive and significant relationship between students’ perceived behavioural control and their attitudes toward starting a business at the end of the entrepreneurial programme is confirmed. Rasch Measurement Theory is applied to analyse the validity of the measurements and findings suggest that the scale used seems to be a reliable and valid tool for measuring entrepreneurial attitude in a university setting. Results confirm that entrepreneurship programmes have the potential to improve the entrepreneurial attitudes of students in a developing country.
Antioxidant Recovery from Pomegranate Peel Waste by Integrating Maceration and Freeze Concentration Technology
Authors: Samsuri Shafirah , Li Tan Hong , Ruslan Muhammad Syafiq Hazwan , Amran Nurul Aini
Published: February 2020

Pomegranate peel, a by-product of pomegranate fruit is rich in antioxidants. It is being used as an animal feed or discarded to the environment, which could cause an environmental problem. A new integrated process of maceration and freeze concentration was studied to recover the antioxidants from the pomegranate peel. The low temperature used in the freeze concentration assists in concentrating a high quality of antioxidants. The concentrated peel solution was tested for an antioxidant activity via 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method. It was found that methanol gave the best extraction of antioxidants from pomegranate peel. The highest antioxidant recovery with DPPH radical scavenging of 96.14 % was obtained at −16 °C of coolant temperature and 30 min of freezing time (p < 0.05). The integrated process has proven to be an effective method to recover the antioxidants from pomegranate peel and can be applied to recover other bioactive compounds.
“Corsican sociolinguistics”: Key words and concepts of a cross-linguistic theory
Authors: Blanchet Philippe
Published: February 2020

This article presents the set of the central concepts of so-called “Corsican sociolinguistics” mainly elaborated by Marcellesi. It also shows the history of their collective elaboration within Marcellesi’s research center and on the Corsican ground. It aims at showing that they constitute a whole coherent sociolinguistic theory which is useful for many sociolinguistic situations and not only for Corsican.
Language ideologies and linguistic representations: Two lenses for a critical analysis of polynomie in Corsica
Authors: Jaffe Alexandra
Published: February 2020

In this article, we question one of the important notions of the Corsican normative conceptual apparatus: the polynomie. This concept is particularly interesting as a language ideological position that calls into question dominant ideological perspectives on standardization and normalization. This article puts the polynomie in an ideological process that calls for a critical sociolinguistic analysis that first accounts for the interaction between sociolinguistic, economic, political and ideological domains. That critical sociolinguistic perspective emphasizes that all language ideological frameworks – even those which recognize diversity – impose particular criteria and give value to some ways of speaking and being over others.
How language becomes a political issue: Social change, collective movements and political competition in Corsica
Authors: Fazi André
Published: February 2020

The Mediterranean island of Corsica became French in 1768–1769, and Corsican is one of the most widely used regional languages in France. In Corsica, the language issue is politically prominent, with a very strong opposition between the nationalist regional government, which claims a co-official status for the Corsican language, and the French national government, which advocates the supremacy of the national language. However, the French linguistic integration process has been an astonishing success since the end of the nineteenth century, and the first mass mobilisations in favour of the Corsican language did not take place until the 1970s. In this article, I try to explain why the politicisation of Corsican language came so late; how this language became a politically salient issue; and how public attitudes and policies towards this language have substantially evolved. Since 1982, the state and the state-wide parties on the island have amended their strategy and challenged the near-monopoly of Corsican nationalists with regard to the defence of the Corsican language. Especially in the field of education, they promoted and implemented a language policy shift, and tried to depoliticise this issue. Nonetheless, political positions remain polarised regarding measures such as compulsory education and co-official status.
Public policy for the Corsican language: From revitalisation to normalisation?
Authors: Quenot Sébastien
Published: February 2020

The policy of normalisation of the Corsican language carried out by Corsica’s institutions encounters the statute of languages in France, which supports the linguistic supremacy and monopoly of French in the public area. The vitality of Corsican underlined in the first general sociolinguistic survey makes it endangered even if a large majority of people support bilingualism and the project of co-officiality is approved by the Corsican Assembly. What are the main ways and results of public policy to save, revitalize and normalize the Corsican language in the context of the success of the assimilation of French minorities, a crisis of national identity in France, and cultural globalisation for a small population of 320,000 people who live on an island in the Mediterranean Sea?
The Effects of Trade Agreements on Imports of Biologics: Evidence from Chile
Authors: Trachtenberg Danielle , Kaplan Warren A. , Wirtz Veronika J. , Gallagher Kevin P.
Published: February 2020

This paper develops new indicators that measure the strength of intellectual property rights (IPR) provisions in Chile’s free trade agreements (FTAs). We use these new indicators to examine the extent to which FTAs with strong IPR provisions impact the volume, unit value and overall value of imported biologic medicines into Chile. We find that FTAs with more stringent IPR provisions increase both the volume and the unit value of imported biologics, suggesting greater availability of imported biologics at a higher price. Further research, however, is necessary to determine whether the increases in volume and unit prices of imports lead to greater universal access to biologics or greater inequity in access to these medicines.
The non-negative spectrum of a digraph
Authors: Alomari Omar , Abudayah Mohammad , Sander Torsten
Published: February 2020

Given the adjacency matrix A of a digraph, the eigenvalues of the matrix AAT
constitute the so-called non-negative spectrum of this digraph. We investigate the relation between the structure of digraphs and their non-negative spectra and associated eigenvectors. In particular, it turns out that the non-negative spectrum of a digraph can be derived from the traditional (adjacency) spectrum of certain undirected bipartite graphs.
An extended model for phylogenetic maximum likelihood based on discrete morphological characters
Authors: Spade David A.
Published: February 2020

Maximum likelihood is a common method of estimating a phylogenetic tree based on a set of genetic data. However, models of evolution for certain types of genetic data are highly flawed in their specification, and this misspecification can have an adverse impact on phylogenetic inference. Our attention here is focused on extending an existing class of models for estimating phylogenetic trees from discrete morphological characters. The main advance of this work is a model that allows unequal equilibrium frequencies in the estimation of phylogenetic trees from discrete morphological character data using likelihood methods. Possible extensions of the proposed model will also be discussed.
Chronic Effusive Pericarditis and Chronic Constrictive Pericarditis
Authors: Conti C. Richard
Published: February 2020

Chronic Pericarditis is inflammation that begins gradually, is long lasting and results in fluid accumulation in the pericardial space or thickening of the pericardium. The etiology is unknown but may be cancer, TB or hypothyroidism. Arrhythmias are common and seen in almost half the patients. The commonest arrhythmia is atrial fibrillation. Symptoms and signs are related to increased right atrial pressure and physical findings include elevated JVP and pericardial knock. Non surgical therapy consists mainly of no salt. Surgery cures about 85% of patients, however 5–15% of patients will die. Chronic effusive pericarditis occurs when there is persistent restriction of the visceral pericardium after pericardiocentesis.
Luxury Hotels and Urban Hostels:
Authors: Revell Keith D.
Published: February 2020

Luxury Hotels and Urban Hostels: Carl Fisher, Resort Architecture, and the Contrasting Worlds of Miami Beach's Pre-Depression-Era Lodging contrasts two approaches to hotel building in Miami Beach during the early to mid-1920s. Keith D. Revell describes how luxury resort hotels, exemplified by Carl Fisher's Flamingo (1920), offered recreation activities and elaborate venues for socializing for successful businessmen and their families. While these hotels projected affluence and exclusiveness, most of the city's hotels were urban hostels: small in scale, with limited amenities, integrated into the urban grid, and serving a broad array of middle- and working-class visitors. Although both luxury hotels and urban hostels were decorated with Spanish colonial motifs, they differed markedly in size, siting, function, and audience. Luxury hotels and urban hostels thus show how different approaches to city building and urban image making—one developer led, the other market led—shaped the nation's premier winter resort in the early twentieth century.
Infrastructure between Statehood and Selfhood:
Authors: Cupers Kenny , Meier Prita
Published: February 2020

Focusing on the 1960s–70s project to build a trans-African highway network, Infrastructure between Statehood and Selfhood: The Trans-African Highway argues for the need to develop a more dialectical understanding of the relationship between people and infrastructure than current architectural and urban scholarship affords. As Kenny Cupers and Prita Meier describe, African leaders imagined infrastructure as a vehicle of Pan-African freedom, unity, and development, but the construction of the Trans-African Highway relied on expertise and funding from former colonial overlords. Based on archival research, visual analysis, and ethnographic fieldwork in Kenya, this article examines the highway's imaginaries of decolonization to show how infrastructure was both the business of statehood and a means of selfhood. From the automobile and the tarmac road to the aesthetics and practices of mobility these fostered, infrastructure was a vehicle for the production of subjectivity in postindependence Kenya. This new selfhood, future oriented and on the move, was both victim and agent of commodification.
Design and Contestation in the Jewish Settlement of Hebron, 1967–87
Authors: Shoked Noam
Published: February 2020

In Design and Contestation in the Jewish Settlement of Hebron, 1967–87, Noam Shoked explores how this settlement, built on lands Israel captured from Jordan in the Six-Day War of 1967, became a site of both collaboration and confrontation among architects, settlers, and government officials. Working for the government, architects at first sought to mitigate the ambitions of the settlers, but their plans were undermined by unexpected actors, such as amateur archaeologists and volunteer architects, who commandeered their designs. Unearthing the architectural history of the settlement, this article questions the received history of settlement design as the outcome of military strategy and points to the unanticipated ways in which Hebron's religious settlers drew on mainstream architectural culture to fashion their identities.
Re-Envisioning Female Power
Authors: Plancke Carine
Published: February 2020

Bricolage, the mixing of diverse religious resources, has been highlighted as a key process in contemporary spiritualities. Since, in this process, historically or culturally distant and foreign traditions are self-referentially drawn upon as representatives of a true spirituality deemed lost in the materialistic West, exoticism has further been identified as its core feature. In this article, through an in-depth ethnographic study, I examine operations of bricolage and exoticism in spiritual women workshops in North Western Europe that focused on the trope of the “wild woman.” In particular, I highlight the transformational power of these retreats in reference to Michael Taussig’s notion of mimesis as a sensuous embodiment of imagined otherness. I argue that, through enacting wildness in their bodies, the participants were overtaken by their own—historically determined—imaginations of primitiveness and naturalness, which not only created new visions of the feminine and female power, but also led to important life changes.
Reverend Billy and the Church of Stop Shopping
Authors: LeVasseur Todd
Published: February 2020

This article argues that the religious thought and rituals of Reverend Billy Talen are a form of dark green animist religion and function as a response to perceived human destruction of the biosphere. An overview of environment-centered religions mobilized by concerns over planetary metrics is presented, followed by a case-study analysis of Reverend Billy and the Church of Stop Shopping. It is argued that the religion espoused by Reverend Billy is an example of how contemporary concerns for environmental and social health are influencing contemporary religious thought and production. The religious activism of Reverend Billy and his church, aimed at liberating life from “consumerism” and fundamentalism, presents an “ideal type” example of the development of Earth-centered protest religions that may be found at the margin of capitalist society. As evidenced by Reverend Billy, aspects of this religious development will be predicated upon anti-globalization discourses and concerns for ecosystem health and sustainability.
Comparison of National Cycling Networks Abroad and in Slovenia
Authors: Rozman Uroš , Mrak Gašper
Published: February 2020

Cycling has become one of the most sustainable forms of mobility in Europe and around the world, which does not pollute the environment, is economically undemanding and at the same time improves the quality of life of its inhabitants. Examples from abroad show an increasing use of the bicycle as the main means of transport, which is also reflected in changes in transport management policies at urban, regional and national level. A well thought-out and safe network of cycle paths in Northern European countries is already reflected in the higher proportion of cycling trips. This article presents different systems for managing bicycle networks in Europe and worldwide, from network design categorisation of bicycle connections to examples of implementation and frequency of use of individual routes. The paper presents documents of the national cycling network in Slovenia in recent years and the results of project CRP V2-1513 (B): Model of the integration of Slovenian bicycle network. Finally, the guidelines for the establishment of the national bicycle network in Slovenia are proposed, because only through good design of the bicycle network can we ensure its usefulness and attractiveness.
The Irrevocable Power Of Attorney As A Way Of Performance Of A Shareholders Agreement
Authors: Vasylieva V.V.
Published: February 2020

In the article the author investigates the concept of irrevocable power of attorney, its form and order of its commission. It is established that the ground for an irrevocable power of attorney in corporate sphere has to be a shareholders agreement. The features of the irrevocable power of attorney are that it should state that it is irrevocable; its form has to be only notarized, and it can not be withdrawn at any time and under any circumstances at the initiative of the principal and has a limited number of grounds for cancellation. In the article the author gives a list of features of irrevocable power of attorney. Also the author argues that this type of power of attorney is not characterized by a sign of fiduciary, which is inherent in traditional power of attorney. After examining the legal nature of the irrevocable power of attorney and conducting a comparative legal analysis of means of obligation fulfillment, the author concluded that such a power of attorney is not a way of ensuring the fulfillment of the obligation, but is a way of its implementation
Concepts And Features Of The Corporate Contract
Authors: Lukashov R.S.
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the theoretical and legal analyses of the place of a corporate agreement in the system of civil contracts. The article identifies the key factors that justify a separate place of the corporate agreement among existing contractual structures of civil law.

The article deals with scientific views on the concept and legal nature of the corporate agreement, outlines the subject of the corporate agreement, which is concluded between the participants of the legal entity of corporate type, as well as analyzed the latest legislation on the definition of the concept, subject and content of the corporate agreement, which is concluded between the members of the limited liability company.
Recognition Of A Mortgage Agreement Invalid: Short Stories Of Judicial Practice
Authors: Sishchuk L.V.
Published: February 2020

The article analyzes the legislative provisions concerning the transactions concerning the disposal of property that is the object of the joint vested rights of the spouses. The reasons for termination of the mortgage agreement are outlined and the judicial positions regarding the recognition of the mortgage agreement are invalid. The specifics of the subject of the mortgage agreement are specified, which affects the order of its conclusion and invalidation. It is proved that granting the consent of the second spouse to the conclusion of the mortgage agreement on the joint property of the spouse is considered to be granted if the consent is stated in writing and notarized. Otherwise, the mortgage agreement is invalid.
Legal Standards And Requirements For The Protection Of Land Are Provided By The Legislation Of Ukraine
Authors: Vivcharenko O.A.
Published: February 2020

The article reveals peculiarities of legal regulation of standards, and other normative acts, requirements for the protection of land. The definition of standards for the quality of the environment, programs and the definition of standards for environmental protection (including land) is given.
Determination Of Persons Related To The Bank As The Basis For The Use Of Coercive Measures Of Influence By The National Bank Of Ukraine
Authors: Krahlevych V.V.
Published: February 2020

In this article the author paid attention to state regulation of the banking system, in particular, to the determination the persons related to the bank by the National Bank of Ukraine.

The banking system cannot function effectively in the absence of proper and balanced government regulation. Therefore, the state applies various instruments for regulating relations in the sphere of banking activities. One of such instruments is the authority of the National Bank of Ukraine to determine persons related to the bank.

The decision to determine persons related to the bank may give rise to various consequences for such persons. In particular, a bail-in procedure can be applied on the basis of such decision. A bail-in is the procedure of exchanging funds of persons related to the bank for bank shares with their subsequent sale to the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine.

The author has conducted a detailed research and analysis of legislation and doctrine related to the influence of the NBU on legal relations in the banking sphere.

The author analysed the provisions of the Law of Ukraine “On Banks and Banking Activity”, the NBU Resolution “On Approval of the Regulation on the Application of Measures by the National Bank of Ukraine” No. 346 of August 17, 2012, and the Criminal Code of Ukraine. In addition, the author has analysed the case law.
Separate Issues Of The Conditions For The Using Of Special Confiscation As An Alternative «Iminal Law Measure Under The Criminal Law Of Ukraine
Authors: Vynnyk A.O.
Published: February 2020

The conditions for special confiscation as an alternative criminal law measure using have been identified and disclosed. It has been determined the baselessness of the designation on specific crimes as condition of special confiscation in the provisions of Article 96-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. Attentioned to the necessity to eliminate those imperfections in formulating the provisions of the current Article 96-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, which according to the terms of formal logic allow it ambiguous interpretation and create a legal possibility of avoiding the special confiscation and saving illegally obtained assets. Exept this, the position was expressed on the expediency of the using of special confiscation for committing any intentionally crime or socially dangerous act, which is specified in the Criminal Code of Ukraine.
Manifestations Of Dispositiveness In The Criminal Procedure Policy In Germany: Some Aspects
Authors: Mykytyn Yu.I.
Published: February 2020

This article analyzes some aspects of dispositiveness in the criminal procedure policy in Germany. The basic aspects of mediation as a manifestation of dispositiveness in the criminal procedure policy of Germany are investigated.

It is considered that: 1) the manifestations of dispositiveness in the criminal procedure policy of Germany are reflected through the mediation procedure, which is based on the institution of reconciliation; 2) mediation is part of the criminal process and can be applied at the stages of criminal investigation and trial; 3) the prosecutor’s office and the court have a decisive role in the implementation of the remedial measures; 4) mediation procedures are conducted by specially trained mediators, who can work under the auspices of non-governmental organizations (mainly public) and the municipality; 5) recovery programs are applied in the commission of small and medium-sized crimes; 6) the use of mediation has significant positive results and it is becoming more widespread.
Corporate Rights Of The Spouses: The Essence Of The Legal Regime
Authors: Vintoniak N.D.
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to the question of legal regulation of corporate rights of spouses. The issues of the legal regime of marital property as well as the essence of the legal regime of spouses’ corporate rights have been discussed.

It has been justified that upon investing marital property into the authorized share capital of a corporation which one of the spouses has ownership rights in, the rights of rem become the law of obligation (vinculum iuris). The law of obligation, incurred between spouses upon investing part of the shared property into company’s authorized share capital to participate in the authorized share capital, is based on the claim rights.

It is noted that since the moment the company is registered with the State Registrar of Companies, such a company becomes a participant of civil law relations. The predetermined contribution (consisting of marital property) invested into the authorized share capital of a corporation becomes the property of the mentioned legal entity and is not subject to shared property of the spouses. Therefore, marital property as joint owned property becomes sole and separate property of the corporation.

It has been proved that taking into account the indivisibility and the personalized nature of corporate rights, corporate rights cannot be subject to shared property of the spouses. This statement is supported by the fact that having the other spouse as a shareholder will lead to the increase in the number of shareholders.

It has been explained that the legal regime of spouses’ corporate rights is subject to special legal regime, namely transformation of property rights. For that of the spouses who is a company shareholder, the right to property, which is being contributed to the authorized share capital of the corporation, becomes corporate right. For the other spouse, the mentioned above rights become claim rights.