bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-sensitivity fiber SPR strain sensor based on n-type structure
Authors: Wei Yong , Ren Puxi , Liu Chunlan , Tang Yixiong , Zhang Ziqiang , Liu Chunbiao , Shi Chen , Liu Zhihai
Published: August 2023

At present, fiber strain sensors are mainly of the grating type and interference type, while there is relatively little research on fiber surface plasmon resonance (SPR) strain sensors. In this Letter, we propose a highly sensitive fiber SPR strain sensor based on an n-type structure. The strain changes the shape of the fiber n-type structure, causing the transmission mode of light in the fiber to change, thereby changing the SPR incidence angle and causing the SPR resonance valley wavelength to shift, achieving highly sensitive SPR strain sensing. The test results indicate that the strain sensing sensitivity of the proposed sensor reaches 21.33 pm/µε, and two n-type structures are connected in series to obtain a double n-type structure, further enhancing the strain sensing sensitivity to 33.44 pm/µε. This fiber strain sensor has advantages of high sensitivity, low temperature cross talk, strong structural stability, and low production cost, and is expected to become a new solution for wearable intelligent monitoring equipment and strain sensors in the aerospace field.
Non-line-of-sight reconstruction via structure sparsity regularization
Authors: Huang Duolan , Chen Quan , Wei Zhun , Chen Rui
Published: August 2023

Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging allows for the imaging of objects around a corner, which enables potential applications in various fields, such as autonomous driving, robotic vision, medical imaging, security monitoring, etc. However, the quality of reconstruction is challenged by low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) measurements. In this study, we present a regularization method, referred to as structure sparsity (SS) regularization, for denoising in NLOS reconstruction. By exploiting the prior knowledge of structure sparseness, we incorporate nuclear norm penalization into the cost function of the directional light-cone transform (DLCT) model for the NLOS imaging system. This incorporation effectively integrates the neighborhood information associated with the directional albedo, thereby facilitating the denoising process. Subsequently, the reconstruction is achieved by optimizing a directional albedo model with SS regularization using the fast iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm (FISTA). Notably, the robust reconstruction of occluded objects is observed. Through comprehensive evaluations conducted on both synthetic and experimental datasets, we demonstrate that the proposed approach yields high-quality reconstructions, surpassing the state-of-the-art reconstruction algorithms, especially in scenarios involving short exposure and low-SNR measurements.
Myc-regulated miRNAs modulate p53 expression and impact animal survival under nutrient deprivation
Authors: Gervé María P. , Sánchez Juan A. , Ingaramo María C. , Dekanty Andrés
Published: August 2023

The conserved transcription factor Myc regulates cell growth, proliferation and apoptosis, and its deregulation has been associated with human pathologies. Although specific miRNAs have been identified as fundamental components of the Myc tumorigenic program, how Myc regulates miRNA biogenesis remains controversial. Here we showed that Myc functions as an important regulator of miRNA biogenesis in Drosophila by influencing both miRNA gene expression and processing. Through the analysis of ChIP-Seq datasets, we discovered that nearly 56% of Drosophila miRNA genes show dMyc binding, exhibiting either the canonical or non-canonical E-box sequences within the peak region. Consistently, reduction of dMyc levels resulted in widespread downregulation of miRNAs gene expression. dMyc also modulates miRNA processing and activity by controlling Drosha and AGO1 levels through direct transcriptional regulation. By using in vivo miRNA activity sensors we demonstrated that dMyc promotes miRNA-mediated silencing in different tissues, including the wing primordium and the fat body. We also showed that dMyc-dependent expression of miR-305 in the fat body modulates Dmp53 levels depending on nutrient availability, having a profound impact on the ability of the organism to respond to nutrient stress. Indeed, dMyc depletion in the fat body resulted in extended survival to nutrient deprivation which was reverted by expression of either miR-305 or a dominant negative version of Dmp53. Our study reveals a previously unrecognized function of dMyc as an important regulator of miRNA biogenesis and suggests that Myc-dependent expression of specific miRNAs may have important tissue-specific functions.
Influence of parental anthropometry and gestational weight gain on intrauterine growth and neonatal outcomes: Findings from the MAI cohort study in rural India
Authors: Deshpande Mugdha , Miriam Demi , Shah Nikhil , Kajale Neha , Angom Jyotsna , Bhawra Jasmin , Gondhalekar Ketan , Khadilkar Anuradha , Katapally Tarun Reddy
Published: August 2023

Poor foetal growth and subsequent low birth weight are associated with an increased risk for disease later in life. Identifying parental factors that determine foetal growth are important to curbing intergenerational malnutrition, especially among disadvantaged populations in the global south where undernutrition rates are high. The objective of this study was to assess the relationships between parental biometry, intrauterine growth and neonatal outcomes, while factoring in socioeconomic status of historically disadvantaged households in rural India. Using data from the prospective longitudinal cohort, pregnant women from rural Pune, India (n = 134) were assessed between August 2020 and November 2022. Data on socio-demography, ultrasound measurements, parental and foetal anthropometry were collected. Multiple linear regression models were run to predict determinants of foetal intrauterine and neonatal growth (pvalue<0.05). The dependent variables were ultrasound measurements and neonatal biometry, and independent variables were gestational weight gain, parental and mid-parental height. Mean(±SD) maternal age, maternal height, paternal height and mid-parental height were 22.8±3.7 years, 153.6±5.5cm, 165.9±6.5cm and 159.1±8.7cm, respectively. Pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain was 20.5±4.0 kg/m2and 9.8±3.7kg respectively. Mid-parental height and gestational weight gain were strongly correlated with neonatal growth and foetal intrauterine growth (p<0.05); however, the correlation peaked at 28 weeks of gestation (p<0.05). Gestational weight gain (B = 28.7,p= 0.001) and mid-parental height (B = 14.3,p= 0.001) were identified as strong determinants of foetal-intrauterine growth and neonatal anthropometry at birth. Maternal height was found to influence length of male neonate (B = 0.18,p= 0.001), whereas, paternal height influenced length of the female neonate (B = 0.11,p= 0.01). Parental socio-economic status, biometry and maternal gestational weight gain influence growth of the child starting from the intrauterine period. Our study underlines the need for interventions during pre-pregnancy, as well as during pregnancy, for optimal weight gain and improved foetal and neonatal outcomes.
Changing face of socio-economic vulnerability and COVID-19: An analysis of country wealth during the first two years of the pandemic
Authors: Pérez-Segura Víctor , Caro-Carretero Raquel , Rua Antonio
Published: August 2023

There are numerous academic studies on the relationship between population wealth and the incidence of COVID-19. However, research developed shows contradictory results on their relationship. In accordance with this question, this work pursues two objectives: on the one hand, to check whether wealth and disease incidence have a unidirectional and stable relationship. And on the other hand, to find out if the country’s statistical production capacity is masking the real incidence of the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to achieve this objective, an ecological study has been designed at international level with the countries established as study units. The analytical strategy utilized involves the consecutive application of cross-sectional analysis, specifically employing multivariate linear regression daily throughout the first two years of the pandemic (from 03/14/2020 to 03/28/2022). The application of multiple cross-sectional analysis has shown that country wealth has a dynamic relationship with the incidence of COVID-19. Initially, it appears as a risk factor and, in the long term, as a protective element. In turn, statistical capacity appears as an explanatory variable for the number of published COVID-19 cases and deaths. Therefore, the inadequate statistical production capacity of low income countries may be masking the real incidence of the disease.
The effects of group adaptation on task performance: An agent-based approach
Authors: Blanco-Fernández Darío , Leitner Stephan , Rausch Alexandra
Published: August 2023

Organisations rely upon group formation to solve complex tasks, and groups often adapt to the demands of the task they face by changing their composition periodically. Previous research has often employed experimental, survey-based, and fieldwork methods to study the effects of group adaptation on task performance. This paper, by contrast, employs an agent-based approach to study these effects. There are three reasons why we do so. First, agent-based modelling and simulation allows to take into account further factors that might moderate the relationship between group adaptation and task performance, such as individual learning and task complexity. Second, such an approach allows to study large variations in the variables of interest, which contributes to the generalisation of our results. Finally, by employing an agent-based approach, we are able to study the longitudinal effects of group adaptation on task performance. Longitudinal analyses are often missing in prior related research. Our results indicate that reorganising well-performing groups might be beneficial, but only if individual learning is restricted. However, there are also cases in which group adaptation might unfold adverse effects. We provide extensive analyses that shed additional light on and help explain the ambiguous results of previous research.
Designed nanoparticles elicit cross-reactive antibody responses to conserved influenza virus hemagglutinin stem epitopes
Authors: McCraw Dustin M. , Myers Mallory L. , Gulati Neetu M. , Prabhakaran Madhu , Brand Joshua , Andrews Sarah , Gallagher John R. , Maldonado-Puga Samantha , Kim Alexander J. , Torian Udana , Syeda Hubza , Boyoglu-Barnum Seyhan , Kanekiyo Masaru , McDermott Adrian B. , Harris Audray K.
Published: August 2023

Despite the availability of seasonal vaccines and antiviral medications, influenza virus continues to be a major health concern and pandemic threat due to the continually changing antigenic regions of the major surface glycoprotein, hemagglutinin (HA). One emerging strategy for the development of more efficacious seasonal and universal influenza vaccines is structure-guided design of nanoparticles that display conserved regions of HA, such as the stem. Using the H1 HA subtype to establish proof of concept, we found that tandem copies of an alpha-helical fragment from the conserved stem region (helix-A) can be displayed on the protruding spikes structures of a capsid scaffold. The stem region of HA on these designed chimeric nanoparticles is immunogenic and the nanoparticles are biochemically robust in that heat exposure did not destroy the particles and immunogenicity was retained. Furthermore, mice vaccinated with H1-nanoparticles were protected from lethal challenge with H1N1 influenza virus. By using a nanoparticle library approach with this helix-A nanoparticle design, we show that this vaccine nanoparticle construct design could be applicable to different influenza HA subtypes. Importantly, antibodies elicited by H1, H5, and H7 nanoparticles demonstrated homosubtypic and heterosubtypic cross-reactivity binding to different HA subtypes. Also, helix-A nanoparticle immunizations were used to isolate mouse monoclonal antibodies that demonstrated heterosubtypic cross-reactivity and provided protection to mice from viral challenge via passive-transfer. This tandem helix-A nanoparticle construct represents a novel design to display several hundred copies of non-trimeric conserved HA stem epitopes on vaccine nanoparticles. This design concept provides a new approach to universal influenza vaccine development strategies and opens opportunities for the development of nanoparticles with broad coverage over many antigenically diverse influenza HA subtypes.
Hemin treatment drives viral reactivation and plasma cell differentiation of EBV latently infected B cells
Authors: Burnet Anna M. , Brunetti Tonya , Rochford Rosemary
Published: August 2023

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Plasmodium falciparum have a well described role in the development of endemic Burkitt lymphoma (BL), yet the mechanisms involved remain unknown. A major hallmark of malarial disease is hemolysis and bystander eryptosis of red blood cells, which causes release of free heme in large quantities into peripheral blood. We hypothesized that heme released during malaria infection drives differentiation of latently infected EBV-positive B cells, resulting in viral reactivation and release of infectious virus. To test this hypothesis, we used the EBV-positive Mutu I B-cell line and treated with hemin (the oxidized form of heme) and evaluated evidence of EBV reactivation. Hemin treatment resulted in the expression of EBV immediate early, early and late lytic gene transcripts. In addition, expression of CD138, a marker of plasma cells was co-expressed with the late lytic protein gp350 on hemin treated Mutu I cells. Finally, DNase-resistant EBV DNA indicative of virion production was detected in supernatant. To assess the transcriptional changes induced by hemin treatment, RNA sequencing was performed on mock- and hemin-treated Mutu I cells, and a shift from mature B cell transcripts to plasma cell transcripts was identified. To identify the mechanism of hemin-induced B cell differentiation, we measured levels of the plasma cell transcriptional repressor, BACH2, that contains specific heme binding sites. Hemin treatment caused significant degradation of BACH2 by 24 hours post-treatment in four BL cell lines (two EBV positive, two EBV negative). Knockdown of BACH2 in Mutu I cells using siRNAs significantly increased CD138+gp350+ cells to levels similar to treatment with hemin. This suggested that hemin induced BACH2 degradation was responsible for plasma cell differentiation and viral reactivation. Together, these data support a model where EBV reactivation can occur during malaria infection via heme modulation, providing a mechanistic link between malaria and EBV.
Developing and Using an Ad Hoc Corpus to Teach Specialized Interpreting: A Case Study of German Embassy Speeches
Authors: Balakhonov Vladimir , Mellinger Christopher D.
Published: August 2023

This article describes a corpus-based approach to specialized interpreter training, advocating for the compilation and use of ad hoc corpora to support trainers when developing training materials for specific domains. To do so, this article presents a case study to illustrate the utility and the subsequent analysis of an ad hoc corpus for specialized interpreting training, which is conceived of as a complement to current training practices for diplomatic interpreting. A specialized German language corpus of embassy speeches and interviews was compiled based on freely-available data and subsequently analyzed to identify genre- and domain-specific features of these types of addresses. By identifying discourse, text type, and specific terminology and expressions, trainers can develop domain- and genre-specific materials for training that align with the types of discourse that are likely to be encountered when working in these specialized domains. These materials can be used as part of courses in addition to self-study. This corpus-based approach to materials development can complement current training practices for specialized interpreting and enable authentic materials to be integrated into the interpreting classroom.
Errors in Specialized Translation Training: A Corpus-Based Study on the Sight Translation of a Popular Science Article
Authors: Giancola Kiara , Meyers Charlène
Published: August 2023

In recent years, sight translation (SiT), the oral translation of a written text, has received little attention in the sphere of translator training. Rather, this practice has been almost exclusively studied within the framework of interpreting. Yet, based on the examination of the master’s programs in translation (Giancola, 2022) recognized by the European Master’s in Translation (EMT) (European Commission, 2022c), SiT is used, although rarely, as a course per se or as occasional exercises in translation training. Additionally, Dragsted and Hansen (2009) have emphasized its relevance and its benefits for translation students, which include improving speed rate, acquiring automatisms, and being more fluent. Based on these preliminary observations, the present study focuses on error patterns and speech disfluencies in SiT as part of specialized translation training. The study rests upon a corpus of twenty English-to-French SiTs of a popular science article about astrophysics performed by specialized translation students (Meyers, 2022). Building on existing work on errors in SiT, this study aims to find out the different error patterns observed in the corpus and the impact of speech disfluencies on the overall quality of the output. To analyze the corpus, an error typology in line with SiT has been developed based on established error analysis frameworks, such as MQM (Lommel et al., 2015) and Falbo’s typology (1998), combined with new categories. Analysis of the corpus demonstrated the significant prevalence of meaning errors (p < 0.05), with a high number of terminological issues. This study also established the statistically significant association between errors and speech disfluencies (p < 0.05). The results suggest that SiT error patterns in specialized translation training differ from the observations made in the context of interpreting and that speech disfluencies negatively influence the overall performance. On this basis, it is recommended to explore SiT in specialized translation training independently and target speech disfluencies to enhance performance. Future research is needed to identify the ins and outs of SiT as part of specialized translation training —for instance, in legal translation training— and to determine whether it should become an integral part of the curriculum.
Protagonismo estudantil por meio das metodologias ativas e da interdisciplinaridade: um relato de prática pedagógica
Authors: Moreira Fernando Jorge , Filgueiras Fernanda , Montessanti Mathias Maria Otília José , Di Grado Hessel Ana Maria
Published: August 2023

Com o objetivo de promover o protagonismo dos estudantes, pretendemos relatar a prática pedagógica nascida a partir de uma dúvida pontual dos estudantes e que foi responsável por uma mudança de planos e a ressignificação de práticas previamente planejadas. Por meio da interdisciplinaridade, com base na perspectiva das metodologias ativas de aprendizagem, a prática pedagógica ocorreu em umaescola particular na cidade de São Paulo, com alunos da 1ª série do Ensino Médio, na faixa etária de 15 anos de idade.Os resultados sugerem sucesso na adaptação do Design Thinking (DT) como abordagem no desenvolvimento da metodologia da Aprendizagem Baseada em Projetos (ABP).
Pszichoszociális fogyatékossággal élők a társadalomban
Authors: Piczil Márta , Szabó Péter
Published: August 2023

Tanulmányunkban arra vállalkozunk, hogy a pszichiátriai betegekkel kapcsolatos társadalmi válaszok történeti áttekintése során bemutatjuk a legfontosabb nemzetközi és hazai folyamatokat, melyek a betegek megítélésében, az alkalmazott terápiás szemlélet és intézményi ellátások változásában öltenek testet. Kitérünk az intézményrendszert érintő legfontosabb változásokra, a közösségi szemlélet és az intézménytelenítés tartalmára. Bemutatjuk a támogatott döntéshozatal és a támogatott lakhatás alakulását, valamint egy hazai jó gyakorlattal és a Nemzeti Mentális Egészségügyi Program bemutatásával szeretnénk megrajzolni a jövő lehetséges fejlesztési irányait.
A két világháború közötti szegedi katolikus tanítóképzés szociális vonatkozásai
Authors: Pelesz Nelli
Published: August 2023

A tanítói szakma − és vele szoros összefüggésben a tanítóképzés – óriási változásokon ment keresztül az elmúlt évszázadokban. Képviselői gyakorlatias, módszertanilag felkészült „mesteremberből” magasan képzett szakértelmiségivé váltak. A tanítóképzés a Mária Terézia kezdeményezésére létrejött normaiskolai rendszertől hosszú utat tett meg a tudományos alapokon álló felsőfokú képzésig. A különböző történeti korszakokban az aktuális társadalmi igények és oktatáspolitikai megfontolások mentén alakult a tanítói szakma megbecsültsége, presztízse, ugyanakkor a fentiek hatással voltak a tanítói tevékenység, illetve a képzés belső tartalmára, a szakmai felkészítés hosszára és mikéntjére is. Tanulmányomban röviden felvázolom a magyarországi tanítóképzés történetét, majd bemutatom a szegedi katolikus tanítóképző intézet működését. Természetesen jelen írás kereteit meghaladja a fenti témákat illetően a teljességre törekvés igénye, ezért elsősorban a két világháború közötti korszakot vizsgálom. Bár más időszakokban is tetten érhetők, ebben a korban voltak igazán hangsúlyosak és jól kimutathatók a társadalmi igények és a képzés belső felépítésének, tartalmának szempontjai és ezek összefüggései. Mindezt jól megvilágítják a képzésben folyamatosan jelen lévő, a vizsgált korban különös jelentőséggel bíró szociális -népnevelő jellegű tartalmak és azok változásai. Tanulmányomban ezért a két világháború közötti szegedi tanítóképzés (katolikus férfiképző) szociális vonatkozásait vizsgálom, egyúttal a pedagógusszakma és a szociális tartalmak és tevékenységek összefüggéseit is kutatom.
Applicability of Augmented and Virtual Reality for Education in Robotics
Authors: Prokopiuk Norbert , Falkowski Piotr
Published: August 2023

The rapid development of automatic control and robotics requires an innovative approach to teaching. This is especially important in the case of studies at the academic level and in vocational schools, where training with ex pensive robotic stations is necessary. A solution to this problem may be substituting these with augmented re ality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) due to their significantly lower costs. AR/VR technologies have an advantage in terms of lowcost and effective practices in robotics. The described content is an outcome of the MILAN project, wherein those technologies are used for the purpose of online courses. This includes providing access to virtual laboratories via a mobile application and the reallife training stations connected to the network. This paper provides an overview of the available AR/VR applications implemented in robotics education and a detailed description of related best practices. The main sections contain a detailed methodology for designing an AR mobile tool for learning robotics in the AR environment. Moreover, the main challenges encountered during the development phase were listed and analysed. Additionally, this paper presents the possible future use of the application with the associated benefits. The literature overview and conclusions may be used to design similar online courses with an interactive form of teach ing practical industrial robots programming.
Quando realizar uma nova revisão sistemática com um tema já abordado previamente?
Authors: Sales Pedro Henrique da Hora
Published: August 2023

Revisões sistemáticas são estudos de alto impacto, que apresentam, em geral, informações relevantes para a tomada de decisão clínica. Por esse motivo, a realização desse tipo de estudo deve seguir critérios metodológicos específicos, de modo a evitar vieses e aumentar a evidência científica dos desfechos apresentados. Nos últimos anos, houve um aumento exponencial na procura por esse tipo de estudo, e diversos pesquisadores têm realizado pesquisas relevantes com esse desenho de estudo. Entretanto, observa-se, também, um aumento significativo no número de revisões com temas que já haviam sido abordados anteriormente, sem que haja mudanças nos resultados e, portanto, sem nova evidência científica sobre o assunto. Assim, o objetivo da presente carta ao editor é relatar, de modo conciso e objetivo, as razões pelas quais pesquisadores devem realizar uma revisão sistemática com um tema já abordado previamente.
Balanço Gestão 2021/2022
Authors: Araújo Marcelo Marotta
Published: August 2023

Caros membros, Chegamos à reta final de 2022 e ao fim dessa gestão. É com enorme satisfação, e já um pouco de saudades, que me despeço da presidência do nosso Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Facial (CBCTBMF). Foram dois anos de grandes desafios e superação. Atravessamos a pandemia e tivemos que nos adaptar, mas sem nunca deixar de lado nossa missão de avançar no aperfeiçoamento da educação continuada e na prestação de serviço aos membros da instituição. Eu e a Diretoria (2021/2022) temos muito orgulho de termos aprovado em março de 2022, por unanimidade em Assembleia Geral Extraordinária online, o documento com as normas de conduta e regras de compliance do CBCTBMF. A criação e aprovação desse documento foi um passo importantíssimo para nossa instituição, sendo a primeira instituição de saúde do país a aprovar um documento de compliance que atende às exigências do mercado corporativo nacional e internacional, mantendo seu compromisso com a ética e a honestidade. Destaco, aqui, os membros da Comissão de Ética & Compliance que trabalharam incansavelmente no Código de Conduta: Sérgio Schiefferdecker, Pedro Berenguer, Cassio Sverzut, Marcio de Moraes e Mario Gabrielli. Além disso, o estatuto e o regimento interno foram revisados e atualizados de acordo com as necessidades atuais da entidade.
Engaging Our Transhumanist Neighbor. Commonality, Corruptibility, and Preventive Care
Authors: Hamilton Andrews Scott
Published: August 2023

Transhumanism is not limited to a unified or monolithic program; however, within the dynamics of a personal and dialogic relationship between the transhumanist and the Christian theologian or ethicist, a sense of commonality can be established, enabling the latter to care for the former in a manner similar to that described by Henri Nouwen in his classic book The Wounded Healer. Specifically, the Christian theologian or ethicist bears a wound of corruptibility, as the historical record amply demonstrates that even the high ideals of Jesus may become dogmatized to a toxic degree. The transhumanist program has not had sufficient time or power to establish a significant historical record of its own in this regard; but by analyzing the importance of myth and fides qua creditor in transhumanism and its attendant ideologies, the paper argues that even transhumanism may not be impervious to potential wounds of corruptibility, and suggests that this point of commonality between the Christian theologian or ethicist and their transhumanist neighbor presents an opportunity for the Christian to meaningfully serve the transhumanist by providing “preventive care.”
Exendin-4 Induces Cytotoxic Autophagy in Two Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines through Inhibition of Mtorc1 Mediated by Activation of AMPK and Suppression of Akt
Authors: Badi Rehab M. , Khaleel E. F. , El-Bidawy M. H. , Satti H. H. , Mostafa D. G.
Published: August 2023

Activation of autophagy suppresses ovarian cancer (OC). This in vitro study investigated whether the anti-tumour effect of exendin-4 against OC involves modulation of autophagy and figured out the possible mechanisms of action. SKOV-3 and OVCAR-3 cells (1 × 105/ml) were cultured in DMEM medium and treated with exendin-4 in the presence or absence of chloroquine (CQ), an autophagy inhibitor. In some cases, cells were also treated with exendin- 4 with or without pre-treatment with compound C (CC), an AMPK inhibitor, or insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), a PI3K/Akt activator. Exendin-4 increased expression of beclin-1 and LC3I/II, suppressed expression of p62, reduced cell survival, migration, and invasion, and increased cell apoptosis and LDH release in both SKOV-3 and OVCAR-3 cells. Besides, exendin-4 reduced phosphorylation of mTORC1, 6SK, 4E-BP1, and Akt but increased phosphorylation of AMPK in both cell lines. These effects were associated with down-regulation of Bcl-2, suppression of nuclear phosphorylation of NF-κB p65, and increased expression of Bax and cleaved caspases 3/8. Chloroquine completely prevented the inhibitory effects of exendin-4 on the cell survival, Bcl-2, NF-κB, and cell invasiveness and abolished its stimulation of cell apoptosis and LDH release. Moreover, only the combined treatment with IGF-1 and CC completely abolished the observed effect of exendin-4 on the expression of beclin-1, LC3I/II, p62, as well as on cell survival, apoptosis, and LDH release. Exendin-4 exhibits a potent anti-tumour cytotoxic effect in SKOV-3 and OVCAR-3 cells by activating the markers of autophagy, mediated by activation of AMPK and inhibition of Akt.
Román Svatava Jolanty Trojak aneb O okultismu, spiritismu a hledání sebe v životě i ve světě
Authors: Urbanová Svatava
Published: August 2023

Studie se zabývá románovým debutem Svatava (2022) české kunsthistoričky Jolanty Trojak (1977). Děj se odehrává na sklonku La Belle Époque, kdy se překračují hranice reálných světů, střetává se svět mystiků s akademismem, intelekt s transcendentem. Román o teosofech i spiritistech se dotýká hledání duchovních i esteticko-filozofických cest umění na přelomu 19. a 20. století, pojednává o střetávání vlivů tuzemských i exotických, stejně jako o potřebě odhadnout vlastní potenciál, vzdalující se sebeklamům i showbysnesu.
Conceptualizing Literary History: A Survey of Poetics in Czech Fiction 1860–1910 (Part One)
Authors: Charypar Michal
Published: August 2023

The article provides an innovative model of poetics (or isms, styles, etc.) in Czech prose in the latter half of the long 19th century. It gives an overview of seven individualized and mutually distinct poetics, including ideal, analytical, and psychological realisms, Parnassism, naturalism, impressionism, and decadence. The individual poetics do not represent periods, but exist in parallel, allowing confrontations and intersections either within the author's work or in a specific text, as in the model of Czech literature developed by Dalibor Tureček in the past decade. They are always set in the context of European literature and supported by many illustrative examples. The model is not only typological, but also assumes a diachronic perspective, which can be developed in future scholarly work on the history of Czech literature. The aim is to create a system that can potentially be applied not only to Czech fiction, but possibly also to poetry or drama, in other periods and literatures. Part One of the article concentrates on a general overview and on ideal and analytical realisms.
Longitudinal Development of Sprint Performance and Force-Velocity-Power Characteristics: Influence of Biological Maturation
Authors: Edwards Toby , Weakley Jonathon , Banyard Harry G. , Cripps Ashley , Piggott Benjamin , Haff G. Gregory , Joyce Christopher
Published: August 2023

Edwards, T, Weakley, J, Banyard, HG, Cripps, A, Piggott, B, Haff, GG, and Joyce, C. Longitudinal development of sprint performance and force-velocity-power characteristics: influence of biological maturation. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2023—This study was designed to investigate the influence of biological maturation on the longitudinal development of sprint performance. Thirty-two subjects performed 2 assessments of maximal sprint performance that were separated by 18 months. Each sprint assessment was measured through a radar gun that collected instantaneous velocity with the velocity-time data used to derive sprint times and force-velocity-power characteristics. The biological maturity of each subject was assessed using a predictive equation, and subjects were grouped according to predicted years from peak height velocity (circa-PHV: −1.0 to 1.0; post-PHV: >1.0). A 2 × 2 mixed model analysis of variance was used to assess group × time interactions, and paired t-tests were used to assess the longitudinal changes for each maturity group. No significant group × time interactions were observed for any sprint time or force-velocity-power characteristic. The circa-PHV group experienced significant within-group changes in maximal theoretical velocity (6.35 vs. 5.47%; effect size [ES] = 1.26 vs. 0.52) and 5-m sprint time (−3.63% vs. −2.94%; ES = −0.64 vs. −0.52) compared with the post-PHV group. There was no significant change in the magnitude of relative theoretical maximum force in either group; however, both the circa-PHV and post-PHV groups significantly improved the orientation of force production at the start of the sprint (RFmax [4.91 vs. 4.46%; ES = 0.79 vs. 0.74, respectively]). Considering these findings, it is recommended that practitioners adopt training methods aimed to improve relative lower-limb force production, such as traditional strength training and sled pulling and pushing, to improve sprint performance and relative theoretical maximum force.
Contemporary Practices of Strength and Conditioning Coaches in High-Level Male Ice Hockey: A Survey-Based Investigation
Authors: Galati Daniel , Turner Anthony N. , Bishop Chris , Maloney Sean J.
Published: August 2023

Galati, D, Turner, AN, Bishop, C, and Maloney, SJ. Contemporary practices of strength and conditioning coaches in high-level male ice hockey: a survey-based investigation. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000–000, 2023—The aim of this study was to provide an updated view of the common practices, ideologies, education level, and professional environment of strength and conditioning (S&C) coaches in elite male ice hockey. Nineteen S&C coaches from professional, semiprofessional, and top-tier collegiate hockey teams in North America completed an anonymous online survey. This was composed of 10 sections: (a) background information; (b) technology use, (c) testing and periodization, (d) strength and power, (e) flexibility/mobility, (f) speed, (g) plyometrics, (h) aerobic and anaerobic conditioning, (i) rehabilitation, and (j) challenges and areas of improvement. Fixed-response questions were analyzed through frequency analyses. Thematic analyses were used to identify common themes from open-response questions. Strength and conditioning coaches had an average of 8 (±6.5) years of experience when they accepted their current role. The majority held a master's degree and S&C certification. Muscular power, linear speed, and body composition were the most frequently tested qualities. Neuromuscular fatigue was the most important consideration during the season and least important consideration during the off-season. Training frequencies for all physical capacities were lower during the season compared with the off-season. All S&Cs had access to technology, with wearables, with force plates identified as the most used devices. This information may be used by S&C coaches to compare working practices with those used by their peers and inform them of the likely requirements and skill sets needed for job applications. Educational institutions may use this information to align teaching to current practice and to inform future research.
Systematic investigation of magneto-electronic, structural, thermoelectric and optical properties of Nd2MgX4 (X = S, Se) compounds
Authors: Fida M. , Aldaghfag S. A. , Yaseen M. , Ishfaq M.
Published: August 2023

The structural, magnetic, optoelectronic, and thermoelectric (TE) characteristics of Nd2MgX4 (X = S, Se) are determined by utilizing the density functional theory (DFT) based full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method as employed in WEIN2k code. The exchange and correlation energies along with Coulomb interactions are brought into consideration by employing local density of approximation with Hubbard model (LDA+U). Tolerance (τ) factor and formation enthalpy were utilized to confirm the stability of both spinels. τ values are 0.70 and 0.68, and formation enthalpy values are (ΔHf) are -3.34 eV and -2.19 eV for Nd2MgX4 (X = S, Se), respectively. For Nd2MgX4 (X = S, Se) metallic behavior is found in spin up case while considerable bandgaps are found in spin down with half metallic bandgap (Eg) values of 1.82 and 1.26 eV (in spin down), correspondingly. The calculated magnetic moment for Nd2MgX4 (X = S, Se) are 12.0008 μB and 12.0003 μB, respectively. Furthermore, optical features including refractive index n(ω), dielectric constant 𝜀𝜀(𝜔𝜔), reflectivity R(ω), optical conductivity σ(ω), absorption coefficient α(ω) and extinction coefficient k(ω) are computed. The maximum calculated real part of dielectric constant 𝜀𝜀1(𝜔𝜔) values for Nd2MgX4 (X = S, Se) are 9.2 and 10.8, respectively. For Nd2MgX4 (X = S, Se), σ(ω) has maximum value of 7642.9 at 6.6 and 7592.5 (Ω cm)-1 at 5.99 eV, respectively. The various temperature dependent thermoelectric (TE) parameters along with figure of merit (ZT) are determined to get full insight into the TE behavior for both compounds by using BoltzTraP code. The computed ZT value for Nd2MgSe4 is 0.81 at 800 K while Nd2MgS4 has ZT value of 0.80 at 800 K. Results showed that both spinels have potential in spintronics and in cooling industries.
Effect of substrate temperature on physical properties of Co doped SnS2 thin films deposited by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis
Authors: Hadef Z. , Kamli K. , Kamli O. , Labiod S.
Published: August 2023

Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis (USP) was used to deposited Co doped SnS2 thin films on a glass substrate at different substrate temperatures (Ts = 350 °C, 375 °C, 400 °C, and 425 °C). DRX patterns shows that the synthesized films revealed a pure SnS2 phase with hexagonal structure. The mean crystalline grain sizes were showed an increasing– decreasing trend between 15.67 and 29.84 nm with an increment in the substrate temperature. The SEM images were significantly affected by the substrate temperature. Also, the optical band gap increases from 2.62 to 3.00 eV with the substrate temperatures increasing. Hall Effect measurements confirm the n-type conductivity of the as-deposited films. Furthermore, the films resistivity varies between 117 Ω.cm to 0.20 Ω.cm, as the substrate temperature increases from 350 to 425 °C.
TECPR1 helps bridge the CASM during lysosome damage
Authors: Florey Oliver
Published: August 2023

Maintaining the integrity of the endolysosomal system is of great importance for cellular homeostasis. Recent work published in The EMBO Journal and EMBO Reports reveals a novel role for the protein TECPR1 as a sensor for stressed membranes and regulator of lysosomal membrane repair.
Attitudes of Physical Education Teachers towards the Participation of Students with Disabilities in the Physical Education Class in Schools
Authors: Aldagamseh Bayan Izzeddin Mahmoud , Alnuman Natheir Faisal Mansour , Alyasen Qusai Basem mohammad
Published: August 2023

The study aimed to reveal the attitudes of physical education teachers towards the participation of students with disabilities in physical education class in schools. The study sample consisted of (208) physical education teachers. The measure of physical education teachers' attitudes towards integrating students with disabilities into the physical education class was applied. The results of the study showed that the general average of the total score for the measure of attitudes towards the participation of students with disabilities in the physical education class was high, with an arithmetic mean of (3.25), and that there were statistically significant differences in the attitudes of physical education teachers towards integrating students with disabilities in the sports class according to the gender no statistically significant differences   variable. Academic qualification and educational experience.
Nonlinear nonlocal damped free and forced vibrations of piezoelectric SWCNTs under longitudinal magnetic field due to surface effects using a two steps perturbation method
Authors: Shahsavari Saeed , Ali Boutorabi S M
Published: August 2023

In the present work, damped free and forced vibrations of single-walled piezoelectric carbon nanotubes under longitudinal magnetic field due to surface effects surrounded on a non-linear viscoelastic medium using the nonlocal Euler-Bernoulli beam theory and multiple time scales method are investigated. Lorentz force equation is used to obtain the vertical force due to the applied voltage to the system. The surface effects as well as a combinational non-linear viscoelastic foundation are considered, and finally, the dynamic equilibrium equations are used, and non-linear equations of motion are extracted. In the following, the Galerkin and multiple time scales methods are used, and finally, analytical solutions are extracted as the non-linear free and forced vibrational responses of the system. The relevant coefficients of the extracted analytical solutions are discovered for two both simple support (S-S) and clamped (C-C) boundary conditions. In the following, , and the effects of the different parameters such as non-local parameter as well as electric-magnetic fields, effect of hardness-linear damping parameters of nonlinear considered viscoelastic foundation, applied magnetic field, base modes for different forms considering surface effects, and etc. will be studied. As one the results of this study, the presence of a non-local parameter has increased the curvature deviation to the right and the stiffening effect. In other words, the non-local parameter is a factor to increase the nonlinear effect of the system. Also, it is predictable that as the load affect position moves away from the center of the single-walled piezoelectric carbon nanotube toward the supports, the amplitude of the dynamic response decreases significantly, and this relative reduction is greater for the C-C boundary condition than for the S-S boundary condition. It is also important to note that the location of the load has no effect on the rate of deviation of the curve peak, and the degree of nonlinearity of the vibrational response of the system.
Enhancing of the power system resilience through the application of micro power systems (microgrid) with renewable distributed generation
Authors:   General Energy Institute of NAS of Ukraine, 172, Antonovycha St., 03150, Kyiv, Ukraine, Kostenko Ganna , Zaporozhets Artur ,   General Energy Institute of NAS of Ukraine, 172, Antonovycha St., 03150, Kyiv, Ukraine,   State Institution “Center for evaluation of activity of research institutions and scientific support of regional development of Ukraine of NAS of Ukraine”, 54, Volodymyrska St., 01030, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: August 2023

The power sector plays a critical role in the functioning of the economy and the security of a country, being closely interconnected with other vital infrastructures, such as gas supply, water supply, transportation, and telecommunications. Ensuring a stable power supply is crucial for the uninterrupted operation of these systems. One way to enhance the resilience of the power system is by integrating local networks with distributed renewable generation into the overall energy infrastructure. The flexibility, stability, controllability, and self-healing capabilities of microgrids make them an effective solution for improving the resilience of the power system. The power grid is susceptible to disturbances and disruptions that can cause large-scale power outages for consumers. Statistical data indicates that approximately 90% of outages occur due to issues in the distribution system, thus research focuses on local microgrids with distributed renewable generation. This study analyzed the role of microgrids with renewable generation in enhancing the resilience of power systems. Additionally, functions of microgrids that contribute to enhancing power system resilience, such as service restoration, network formation strategies, control and stability, as well as preventive measures, were summarized. It was found that local microgrids have significant potential to enhance power system resilience through the implementation of various strategies, from emergency response planning to providing reliable energy supply for quick responses to military, environmental, and human-induced crises. The concept of local distributed energy generation, storage, and control can reduce reliance on long-distance power transmission lines, reduce network vulnerabilities, and simultaneously improve its resilience and reduce recovery time. It has been determined that the most necessary and promising approaches to enhance the resilience of the power system include developing appropriate regulatory frameworks, implementing automatic frequency and power control systems, ensuring resource adequacy (including the reservation of technical components), promoting distributed generation, integrating energy storage systems into the energy grid, and strengthening cyber security. Keywords: resilience, local power systems, MicroGrid, distributed generation, renewable energy sources.
Сталінська спадщина у сучасній російській політиці
Authors: Литвин Володимир Михайлович
Published: August 2023

У статті показано, як путінська Росія цілеспрямовано і дедалі активніше відтворює сталінську спадщину, зміщуючи в ній у вигідному для себе світлі акценти в оцінках Другої світової війни щодо причин і обставин, які призвели до її розв’язання. Довільно інтерпретуючи історичні факти, Путін не тільки директивно визначає, як вченим потрібно оцінювати події 1939—1945 років, а й пристосовує спотворене ним же минуле для обґрунтування свого агресивного зовнішньополітичного курсу, зокрема й війни проти України. Цей дискурс про «необхідність протидії сучасним виявам нацизму» насправді дає підстави для правомірності порівняння путінського рашизму з гітлерівським нацизмом.
Життєвий і творчий шлях відомого вченого та організатора науки
Authors: Хома Мирослав Степанович
Published: August 2023

2 серпня виповнюється 90 років відомому українському вченому-матеріалознавцю, корозіоністу, лауреату Державної премії України в галузі науки і техніки (2002), заслуженому діячеві науки і техніки України (1998), лауреату премії імені Г.В. Карпенка НАН України (1989), доктору технічних наук (1972), професору (1973), члену-кореспонденту НАН України (1990) Василю Івановичу Похмурському.