bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cavity-Assembled Porous Solids (CAPSs) for Nanospace-Specific Functions
Authors: Tashiro Shohei , Shionoya Mitsuhiko
Published: March 2014

Porous crystals such as metal–organic framework (MOF), porous coordination polymer (PCP), and porous organic crystals have shown promise as solid materials in terms of their great potentials for catalysis, separation and refinement techniques, environmental protection, nanoengineering, and pharmaceutical applications. Here we discuss cavity-assembled porous solids (CAPSs) formed as the result of self-assembly of macrocycles or cage compounds possessing well-defined binding cavities for guest molecules. In addition to conventional macrocycles such as cyclodextrin, crown ether, cucurbituril, calixarene, cyclotriveratrylene, pillararene, and organic cages, we have recently reported a novel crystalline nanochannel (metal–macrocycle framework: MMF) composed of macrocyclic trinuclear PdII complexes with tris(o-phenylenediamine)cyclophane. This account focuses on how cavities with guest-binding capability assemble to form porous structures taking recent examples.
Forensic Identification of Automobile Window Glass Manufacturers Based on Cerium Chemical States
Authors: Funatsuki Atsushi , Takaoka Masaki , Shiota Kenji , Kokubu Daisuke , Suzuki Yasuhiro
Published: March 2014

To identify automobile window glass manufacturers, the chemical states of cerium in 29 types of glass were analyzed using XAFS. We found that the amplitude of EXAFS spectra and intensities of Fourier transforms differed between manufacturers. Although the manufacturers for 7 out of 29 samples could not be identified, 22 out of 29 samples were identified correctly.
Pericardial synovial sarcoma: challenges in diagnosis and management
Authors: Phatak Prajakta , Khanagavi Jagadish , Aronow Wilbert S. , Puri Sonam , Yusuf Yasmin , Puccio Carmelo
Published: March 2014

Introduction: Pericardial synovial sarcoma is an extremely rare tumor with poor prognosis. Timely diagnosis and aggressive multimodal management improves patient outcome. We present our experience of diagnosis and management of a young patient with monophasic synovial sarcoma arising from pericardium.

Case: A 27-year-old man presented with dyspnea and cough of three weeks duration. Examination revealed sinus tachycardia, distant heart sounds and elevated jugular venous pressure. Chest X-ray showed widened mediastinum. Transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE) noted large pericardial effusion with tamponade physiology. Therapeutic pericardiocentesis yielded hemorrhagic fluid. Computed tomography (CT) of the chest showed persistent pericardial effusion and a left anterior mediastinal mass. Left anterior thoracotomy, pericardial window and left anterior mediastinotomy were done, revealing a well-encapsulated gelatinous tumor originating from the pericardium. Histology and immunohistochemical profile showed the tumor to be a monophasic synovial sarcoma. Fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) was positive for SS18 (SYT) gene rearrangement on chromosome 18q11, substantiating the diagnosis. Work-up for metastases was negative. Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy with high dose ifosfamide led to substantial reduction in the size of the tumor. The patient underwent surgical resection and external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) post surgery. He had symptom-free survival for 8 months prior to local recurrence. This was managed with left lung upper lobectomy and follow-up chemotherapy with docetaxel. The patient is currently stable with an acceptable functional status.

Conclusion: In patients with pericardial effusions of unknown etiology, multiple modalities of cardiac imaging must be employed if there is suspicion of a pericardial mass. CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are useful to evaluate for pericardial thickening or masses in addition to TTE. Treatment of synovial sarcoma is not well established. Surgery is the cornerstone of treatment. In non-resectable tumors, aggressive neo-adjuvant chemotherapy with ifosfamide followed by surgical resection and EBRT may lead to improved outcome.
Chaotic Dynamics of the Plasma Hemostasis Prameters in Critical Limb Ischemia Syndrome
Authors: Еськов  , Eskov Valeriy , Дудин  , Dudin N. , Никитина  , Nikitina Yu.
Published: March 2014

Active development of medical diagnostic base of instrumental studies demands the introduction of a new methodological support. Now it can be done on the basis of system analysis and synthesis of information to identify the significance of clinical diagnostic criteria for quasi-stationary states of the hemostatic system. Such a task is most successfully solved by the new trend of system analysis and synthesis, management and processing of information in evidence-based medicine: identification of quasi-attractors parameters of the human body state vector in terms of the theory of chaos and self-organization, and compartment-cluster theory of biological systems. According to classical statistics, the most effective treatment we observe in the third group patients, while the second group makes a significant impact too. As a result, the volume of quasi-attractors identify the best results in a change rX and xV obtained from the second group patients, in the third group the data are less evident. According to the data analysis of interattractors distances matrices showed the greatest increase in the distances (Zij) between the chaotic centers of the quasi-attractors in the third group, that shows a more effective conservative treatment in the third group than in group 1 and group 2.
The Types of the Colon Revealed by Hydrocolonic Echography at Chronic Constipation in Children
Authors: Яницкая  , Yanitskaya M.
Published: March 2014

Retrospective cross research of results of a hydrocolonic echography (HCE) in 263 children with a constipations aged from 14 days till 17 years is carried out. The obtained data correlated to clinical manifestations. Seven types of echographic picture of the colon were revealed. The first four types corresponded to clinical forms of a functional constipations: compensated, subcompen-sated (dolihocolon) and decompensation (dolihomegacolon and megarectum), two types reflected features of fixing (Payr´s illness) or function of the colon (spastic colitis), and also type, characteristic for Hirschsprung´s disease. Secondary changes due to constipation are identified: thickening and "lamination" of a wall of a gut, lengthening (additional loops of the colon), dilatation of the lumen, smoothness or absence of the haustra, decrease in activity of a peristalsis, incomplete emptying of the colon, incontinence. Secondary changes didn´t depend on the constipation reason, and were a consequence of violation of depletion of the colon.
Investigation of Genotoxicity and Cytotoxicity of Nanocomposite Highly Dispersed Silica with Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Савченко  , Savchenko D.
Published: March 2014

Provision of high efficiency and quality of drugs developed on the basis of nanotechnology is possible only under the requirements for the development, research, production and introduction of new pharmacological agents. Determination of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity is the first stage of toxicological studies of newly synthetized substances, the aim of which is to determine the ability to induce primary DNA and cell cultures damages. Such studies provide information about primary toxic effects of substances and constitute a basis for confirming the safety of new drugs.

Considering a constant need for the introduction of new antimicrobial agents for treatment of intestinal infections, it is expedient to develop combinative drugs which will have better efficacy and safety. Significant scientific and practical interest has study of drugs based on nanosilver, which is active against antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. By the Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology of Bogomoletz National Medical University and Chuiko Institute of Surface Chemistry NAS of Ukraine was specifically designed and synthesized nanocomposite highly dispersed silica with silver nanoparticles, which is considered as a promising drug with a complex of antibacterial and sorption-detoxication properties.

The purpose of this work is to study the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of nanocomposite highly dispersed silica with silver nanoparticles. The degree of DNA damage by nanocomposite was studied by alkaline gel electrophoresis of isolated cell test culture CHO-Kl. Investigation of cytotoxicity was carried out on passaged eukaryotic cell culture of human epidermoid carcinoma larynx (Hep-2). It is shown that nanocomposite highly dispersed silica with silver nanoparticles does not have genotoxic properties, and its cytotoxicity disappears at concentrations below 0,007%.
Monitoring System in the Patients with Chronic Obstructive Puemonary Disease
Authors: Трибунцева  , Tribuntseva L. , Будневский  , Budnevskiy Andrey
Published: March 2014

The results of the analysis of the clinical features of disease and the efficacy of therapy in the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on the outpatient level by means of computer pulmonological register are presented. It was shown by the use of the computer program "The monitoring system in the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" that vaccination in the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease stage II-III leads to a decrease the incidence of acute respiratory viral infections, hospitalizations chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in a hospital, the number of outpatient visits and medical emergencies. The progressive nature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease involves the steady weakening of the natural defense systems of the respiratory system, which creates favorable conditions for infection of the respiratory system. Influenza virus leads to reduction of functional activity of ciliated epithelium atrophy followed cilia. The modern concept of influenza vaccination focused on vaccination of the persons with high risk of infection, including the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In this promising method for assessing the effectiveness of vaccination may be to use the computer program "The monitoring system in the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" and allows to evaluate pharmaco-economic aspects of care of the patients and the effect of preventive measures on clinical course of this disease.
Experimental Use of the Selenase in Complex Treatment of Purulent and Inflammatory Diseases of the Small Pelvis Organs with Peritonitis
Authors: Нурмагомедова  , Nurmagomedova P. , Магомедова  , Magomedova Z. , Магомедов  , Magomedov M. , Рабаданов  , Rabadanov Sh.
Published: March 2014

An analysis of the results of treatment of 48 patients with acute purulent and inflammatory disease of the small pelvis organs with endolymphatic introduction of the Selenase is presented. The age of the patients was from 20 to 45 years. Course of treatment was 5-10 days. The use of the Selenase in the scheme of intensive therapy facilitated substantial positive dynamics of clinical status. A distinct reduction of paresis of the gastrointestinal tract and decrease phenomena endotoxemia were observed clinically in most cases (94,2±2,1%). In laboratory indicators after 5-10 daily courses of intensive therapy with use of the Selenase, a tendency to normalization of the blood formula and reduce the number of leukocytes, the increase in 2 times the number of lymphocytes were noted. The use of CRT was neutralized antioxidant and immunological imbalance, increased phagocytic activity. Endolymphatic introduction of preparation contributed cleansing of wounds and cavities, regress of purulent and inflammatory processes. Application of the Selenase is significantly important factor in improving the prediction of treatment patients with purulent and inflammatory disease of the organs of small pelvis. Results of this research can be the basis for further research to develop new approaches in the field of endolymphatic therapy. Complications and cases of mortality from endolymphatic therapy by the Selenase didn´t revealed.
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease and Fibrocystic Breast Diseases (brief report)
Authors: Раннева  , Ranneva L. , Хадарцева  , Khadartseva K. , Силаева  , Silaeva E.
Published: March 2014

This report presents the results of clinical and laboratory examination of 200 women living in rural areas of the Tula region, which were examined mammalogist and gynecologist when conducting cytological study. It was revealed 54.5% of women with various pathology of mammary glands, 40% - with benign tumors of the uterus, 8.1% of chronic salpingo-oophoritis, 10.8% - with erosion of cervix of the uterus. According to the gynecological examination results are as follows: 25% - gynecological diseases, obesity -58%, pathology from the side of the cervical in 30%, prolapse of the vaginal walls - in 12% persons. 3.5% of cases cytological conclusion is not consistent with the clinical diagnosis It is established a correlation between infectious and inflammatory diseases of female sexual sphere (such as chronic salpingo-oophoritis, colpitis etc) and pathology of mammary glands, namely with fibrocystic mastopathy, with diffuse mastopathy, benign neoplasms and conditions after surgery of the mammary glands.
Rhythmic Thermal Impacts as a Means of Restoring Persons Engaged in Physical Training and Sport after Intensive Physical Activity
Authors: Классина  , Klassina S. , Фудин  , Fudin N. , Вагин  , Vagin Yu.
Published: March 2014

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of rhythmic thermal effects as a means of person´s recovery after intense exercises. Young men with different physical training levels attended the survey. Every subject took part in the two surveys, and in each of them he was offered an increasing in intensity physical activity on a cycle ergometer to failure. Load testing was carried out on the background of constant cadence. However, in the first survey recovery after exercise happened in the saddle ergometer at rest, and in the second - also in the saddle of a bicycle ergometer, but already against the background of the impact of rhythmic thermal incentives. Rhythmic thermal incentives, which temperature is averaged about 30 degrees Celsius, were served with a thermal element, which is housed in the nasolabial triangle of the tested person. The thermal element was turned on for inspiration and off as you exhale. It was allowed to subject subconsciously to regulate the supply of heat by changing the breath pattern. Load testing process was monitoring by ECG and blood pressure measurement. Analysis of the material showed, that the rhythmic thermal impacts might be the effective non-drug method. It may be used to rehabilitate the human functional state after intensive physical activity.

When restoring the background of rhythmic thermal impacts of the test improving the subjective well-being, normalization of vegetative balance, reduced the heart rate is a certain level of physical performance.

It is established that recovery amid RTI is more likely to be recommended to the persons with high tone of the sympathetic nervous system, since against the background of RTI a marked weakening of the sympathetic effects on the heart was noted, while the recovery process was characterized by more pronounced reduction in heart rate and ended the 6th minute.
Clinical Anatomy of the Parathyroid Glands. New Data and Approaches
Authors: Малеев  , Maleev Yu. , Черных  , Chernykh A. , Шевцов  , Shevtsov A.
Published: March 2014

New approaches to the assessment of clinical anatomy of the parathyroid glands were developed. The obtained new data allow improving the quality of planning and carrying out operations on the thyroid and parathyroid glands, to reduce the risk of errors in diagnosis and intra-operative and post-operative complications. 220 corpses and 82 patients after surgery on the thyroid gland pathology were examined. In morphological material 4 or 5 of the parathyroid glands were found.

Size parathyroid glands was 0,70x0,43x0,30 cm, volume - 0,0531+0,0016 cm3, and the total volume of parathyroid tissue in one case - 0,1903±0,0075 cm3. Maximum size parathyroid glands without pathologies are: 1,4x1,0x1,0 cm. On the basis of the ratio of integral indexes forms parathyroid glands were determined. The authors identified three periods of the postnatal development of human parathyroid glands: maximum growth (up to 35 years), the relative stability (36-65 years), involution (over 65 years). The revealed regularities topography are different for the «upper» of the parathyroid glands(parathyroid glands IV), located in the zones 2-3, 3 and 3-4 and to «lower» glands (parathyroid glands III) at the level of 1, 1-2, 2, 4, 5 or 5 zones. Five common variants of parathyroid glands different sizes and shapes in relation to the thyroid gland were identified. It was established that studied nosologic forms of diseases of the thyroid doesn´t affect the linear size and topography of the parathyroid glands in the frontal plane. New data on the clinical anatomy of the parathyroid glands allow to reduce the cases of intra-and postoperative complications in operations at the front of the neck.
Immuno-Histochemical and Morphometric Characteristics NPY-Positive Neurons of the Different Fields of Human Cerebral Cortex at the Chronical Ischemia
Authors: Акулинин  , Akulinin V. , Степанов  , Stepanov S. , Сергеев  , Sergeev A. , Мыцик  , Mytsik A.
Published: March 2014

mmuno-histochemical (NPY - neuropeptide Y) and morphometric study of the distribution and architectonics of NPY immune-positive brakes of interneurons layer III of various fractions (field 4, 10, 17 and 21) of neocortex human normal (n=5) and chronic ischemia (n=15, perhifocal area tumors) was carried out. Verification of NPY-positive brake interneurons held on the content of NPY, the shape of their bodies and processes. In all studied fields in norm and under ischemia the basket cells, Martinotti cells and releasing secret of inter-neurons were identified. It was established that in case of chronic ischemia in all the studied fields cortex of the relative size of NPY-immune-positive structures (labelled bodies of neurons and their appendages) are statistically significantly higher than in control: in field 10 - in 1.95, in field 4 - 1,85, in field 21 - 2,17, in field 17 - 2,15 times. The received results testify to a compensatory increase in the expression of NPY in the intact interneurons of perifocal area of human neocortex with chronic ischemia. Increase in the volume of NPY- immune-positive material was due to the expansion and thickening of the processes of interneurons. The authors examine the hypothesis about the possible role of activation and hypertrophy of NPY- immune-positive interneurons in the regulation of the balance of brake systems and exciting damaged brain cortex and as one of the mechanisms for the protection of neural networks from chronic ischemic damage.
Peculiarities of Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability of Different Cortical Formations of Brain Under the Influence of Antropogenic Factors
Authors: Соколов  , Sokolov D. , Ильичева  , Ilicheva V. , Минасян  , Minasyan V.
Published: March 2014

The purpose of the study is to estimate the permeability of haemocapillaries in archicortex and paleocortex at alcohol intoxication and under the influence of ionizing irradiation. The experiment was carried out on 168 mature white inbred male rats of 180-200 g by mass at the age of 2.5-3 months, which were divided into 4 groups. In the first group of animals were irradiated by g-quanta 60Co dose of 87.5 Grams; run the second group of animals 15% aqueous ethanol solution in the dose of 2.25 g/kg was introduced intraperitoneally; in the third group the radiation monitoring was held; in the fourth group the ethanol control (injection of saline in similar dose) was carried out. The alkaline phosphatase was identified by a-naphthilphosphate and strong blue PP. The results were estimated statistically. The same type of activities changes of the alkaline phosphatase have been determined experimentally in pyri-form cortex and hippocampus at early phases of postradiation period, unlike the same phases of alcohol intoxication. Both of the studied factors provoke an hour after the impact of the development of destructive changes in the structures of the blood-brain barrier. Th determined changes of blood-brain barrier permeability depends on the phylogenetic age of parts of the cortex and manifest more sig nificant in younger formations (hippocampus) than in older ones (pyriform cortex).
Structural fnd Functional Characteristics of Caudate Nucleus Neurocytes after Single Irradiationin the Dose of 0,5 Gy
Authors: Сгибнева  , Sgibneva N. , Маслов  , Maslov N. , Насонова  , Nasonova N. , Спицин  , Spitsin V.
Published: March 2014

The purpose of the study is to estimate morphological and functional changes of caudate nucleus neurocytes under the single γ-irradiation in the dose of 0,5 Gy in early and remote stages of post-irradiation period. The experiment was carried out on 120 mature white inbred male rats with body mass 200-230 g at the age of 1.5-2 months. The animals were divided into 20 groups, in each group - 6 rats. The decapitation of animals was carried out after 1,7 h; 5,0 h; 1, 3, 7,14, 30 days; 6 months, 1 year and 1,5 years. The object of the study was neurons of caudate nucleus. The characteristics of tincture of cells were estimated. Histological sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and tolluidine blue by method F.Nissi. The calculation of neurocytes with different forms of morphological variability was performed. The results were estimated statistically. In experiment on white inbred male rats the morphological and functional parameters of caudate nucleus neurocytes were studied after single γ- irradiation in the dose of 0.5 Gy. It was found that in the recovery period dominated neurocytes with adaptive changes, i.e. an increased range of physiological variability neurocytes within the minimum and maximum values of biological standards and reflect the different levels of functional activity of cells, which are developing at hypo-and norm- and hyperchromic types.
Integration Processes in the Health Care
Authors: Макарян  , Makaryan A. , Кича  , Kicha D. , Пачгин  , Pachgin I.
Published: March 2014

In this paper practical and theoretical questions of integration in health care, problems of integration making policy of reforming of health care, as conditions for globalization are considered. This paper presents experience and the revealed regularities and integration tendencies in activity of separate sectors of health care and insurance. The methods of statistical processing, sociological expert opinions, logical and a content - the analysis of literature and official reports of Ministry of Health and funds of obligatory medical insurance are applied. Some starting signs of creation of the integrated health system are revealed. Priorities for groups of the population and diseases which distract high expenses on health care are defined; interdisciplinary character of the organization of work of medical shots, integration of primary and specialized medical care, etc. are planned. Integration processes are represented as multilevel modernization of health systems of one or several states, as answer to a worsening condition of public health: chronic diseases, population ageing, relative uniformity of external risk factors for health. It is offered to consider integration in health care in aspect of improvement of external and internal process of functioning and management of the medical organizations, funds of obligatory medical insurance. The conclusions emphasize the optimization of structural and functional basis of the activity of the organizations of health care and health insurance, the importance of the development strategy for integration in the health of society.
Structural and Functional Features of Cardiovascular System of Foetus and Newborns at Placental Insufficiency
Authors: Конкина  , Konkina E. , Шнитков  , Shnitkov A. , Шниткова  , Shnitkova E.
Published: March 2014

In this literature review the authors present the data on morphological and functional characteristics of heart which develop under the influence of acute and chronic hypoxia in the fetus and newborns. The data on the structural changes of hypoxic and ischemic origin in the heart have been summarized. The association between the structural adjustment of the cardiac muscle and the stage of placental chronic insufficiency has been identified. Much attention is paid to the pathogenesis of structural tissue formations of the heart in the underweight fetus and newborn. The problems of cardiac pathomorphology under the syndrome of intrauterine growth retardation, depending on its type are discussed. The authors discussed in detail the basic morphogenetic aspects of cardiogenic disorders that lead to the formation of complex cardiac defects. The data on minor cardiac abnormalities are presented; their morbid anatomy diagnostics has not been practically performed. The results of this reviewing the literature on cardiac pathomorphology emphasize the role of prenatal cardiovascular diseases diagnostics in the prenatal period; they draw the authors´ attention to improving the methods of diagnosing cardiovascular pathology at the perinatal stage. The morphological and functional manifestations of antenatal stress are in the focus of attention. The characteristics of the heterogeneous cardiomyopathies group is given; the difficulties of their clinical and pathologic diagnostics are discussed. The paper may be of interest for practitioners and teachers of higher medical schools.
Ion-Molecular Memory Model. Physical Media Delivery and Storage of Information
Authors: Герасимов  , Gerasimov I. , Яшин  , Yashin A.
Published: March 2014

То develop the theme of creation of ion-molecular memory model, the physical media delivery and storage of information as a basic subject of memory from the positions of bio-physics-chemistry are considered. The purpose of this paper is to present the rationale and definition of the material basis of information processes memory that are implemented in solving the identified problems, namely: a study of the topology of memory in the brain, cell physiology memory, molecular biochemistry memory, the role of elementary particles in the formation of memory, including thermodynamic hypothesis of N.I. Kobozev, the principle of Prigogine - Onsager and other concepts. It is shown that the brain develops, topographic map of memory, which gives an idea about the localization of the structures of memory. In the part of cellular physiology memory these relevant processes take place with the participation of neurons, their electrical activity is varied in the processes of production and the extraction of information, i.e. the neurons are receivers and transmitters of information; their functions analyzers and selectors are not excluded. The electrical processes in neurons are the result of bio-physical and chemical reactions, in which DNA-RNA and protein molecules form: enzymes and neuro-peptides are dominant. It is shown that research of material media is the most promising in the sphere of the effectiveness of elementary particles, providing energy (electromagnetic) standard memory performance.
New Diagnostic Opportunities of the Endosonography in the Treatment of the Patients with Pancreatic Diseases
Authors: Борсуков  , Borsukov A. , Морозова  , Morozova T.
Published: March 2014

Estimation of clinical opportunities and prospects compression elastography during the endosono-graphy in 27 patients with pseudocyst of pancreas chronic pancreatitis, cystadenocancer pancreas and papilar-mucin adenoma of the pancreas was made. Elastography during the endosonography was carried out in 2 stages: the qualitative assessment of elastographic pictures of departments of the pancreas and identified sources; and the qualifying stage of elastographic diagnostics: measurement of elastographic correlation in the identified areas of interest, by calculating the comparative factor SR. The difference between SR in cystadenocarcinome made from 34,1 to 42,5 units, in solid-pseudopapillaris tumor - from 44,7 units, in postnecrosis cysts - to 13 units. Sensitivity compression elastography of pancreas during the endosonography was 96,7%, specificity - 89,2%, accuracy of 94.5%. According to the research results it is recommended to use compression elastography of pancreas as a criterion of a more specific diagnosis. Elastography during the endosonography increases the accuracy of the diagnosis of malignant pathologies on the early stages of the process.
Non-Invasive Laser Doppler Opportunities in the Determination of Microcirculation Disturbances in the Patients with Diffuse Liver Disease
Authors: Гельт  , Gelt T. , Борсуков  , Borsukov A.
Published: March 2014

Currently, it is necessary to find additional reliable technique (and without prejudice to the health of the patient with diffuse liver disease) to determine the stage of the disease, to quickly evaluate the degree of fi-brosis, including dynamics, as well as to predict the further course of the disease. It is known that changes in patients with diffuse liver disease at the vascular level are systemic in nature. Identification of these changes may help predict disease course, the possibility of the therapy revising. Clinical perspectives, the benefits of using non-invasive laser Doppler imaging as a method of diagnosis of the microvasculature in patients with diffuse liver diseases are discussed in this paper. 40 patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis, with steatohepatitis mixed etiology, viral hepatitis "B" and "C" of varying degrees of activity, which conducted the study of microcirculation using non-invasive laser Doppler were examined.
To The Question of the Cloninig History
Authors: Миненко  , Minenko I. , Сердюков  , Serdyukov D.
Published: March 2014

Cloning in biology - cloning in biology is getting both asexually by natural means, including vegetative reproduction, and by means of biotechnological methods genetically identical organisms, cells or molecules. In the XXI century, in the conditions of the impetuous growth of the population and the food problem aggravation, humanity faces a growing and more demanding challenge of creating the necessary quantity of living organisms-plants and animals, with pre-defined properties: resistant to disease, climate fluctuations, high productivity, fertility, desired flavoring, aromatic, nourishing, and other characteristics. The rapid development of molecular biology has led to the formation of a principally new direction in biotechnology - genetic and cell engineering. The use of cloning techniques can significantly reduce the time of obtaining fundamentally new properties of breeding varieties of agricultural plants and breeds of animals and strains of microorganisms. Bioengineering gives a chance to cure disease, considered dozens of still incurable, including cancer and aging, opens new horizons in the field of regenerative biomedicine-cloning of human organs and tissues.
Patients lost to follow-up in acromegaly: results of the ACROSPECT study
Authors: Delemer B , Chanson Ph , Foubert L , Borson-Chazot F , Chabre O , Tabarin A , Weryha G , Cortet-Rudelli C , Raingeard I , Reznik Y , Reines C , Bisot-Locard S , Castinetti F
Published: March 2014

Objective

The complex management of acromegaly has transformed this disease into a chronic condition, with the risk of patients being lost to follow-up. The objective of this study was to estimate the proportion of acromegalic patients lost to follow-up in France and to determine the impact that abandoning follow-up has on the disease and its management.

Design

ACROSPECT was a French national, multicentre, cross-sectional, observational study.

Methods

Acromegalic patients were considered lost to follow-up if no new information had been entered in their hospital records during the previous 2 years. They were traced where possible, and data were collected by means of a recall visit or questionnaire.

Results

In the study population, 21% of the 2392 acromegalic patients initially followed in 25 tertiary endocrinology centres were lost to follow-up. At their last follow-up visit, 30% were uncontrolled, 33% were receiving medical therapy and 53% had residual tumour. Of the 362 traced, 62 had died and 77% were receiving follow-up elsewhere; the leading reason for abandoning follow-up was that they had not been informed that it was necessary. Our analysis of the questionnaires suggests that they were not receiving optimal follow-up.

Conclusions

This study underlines the need to better inform acromegalic patients of the need for long-term follow-up, the absence of which could be detrimental to patients' health, and to develop shared care for what must now be regarded as a chronic disease.
Influence of a positive family history of both type 2 diabetes and PCOS on metabolic and endocrine parameters in a large cohort of PCOS women
Authors: Lerchbaum Elisabeth , Schwetz Verena , Giuliani Albrecht , Obermayer-Pietsch Barbara
Published: March 2014

Objective

There is evidence suggesting a strong genetic background of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We aim to study the metabolic and endocrine characteristics of PCOS women with and without a family history (FHx) of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and PCOS.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Methods

We analysed the association of T2DM FHx and PCOS FHx with metabolic and endocrine parameters in 714 PCOS women.

Results

A positive FHx of T2DM and PCOS were prevalent in 36.8 and 21.4% of PCOS women respectively. We found an independent association of T2DM FHx with central fat accumulation, obesity, prediabetes, metabolic syndrome (MS), insulin resistance, low HDL and elevated blood pressure (P<0.05 for all). PCOS FHx was independently associated with prediabetes (P<0.05). We observed an independent association of PCOS FHx with clinical and biochemical hyperandrogenism (P<0.05 for all), whereas there was no independent association of T2DM FHx with hyperandrogenism. PCOS women with a positive FHx of both T2DM and PCOS had an adverse metabolic and endocrine profile including a linear increase in risk of obesity, central fat accumulation, MS, prediabetes and low HDL (P<0.05 for all).

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that the assessment of FHx might allow risk stratification of PCOS women, which is important considering the high prevalence of PCOS.
Skill Underutilization is Associated with Higher Prevalence of Hypertension: The Watari Study
Authors: Konno Satoshi , Munakata Masanori
Published: March 2014

Skill Underutilization is Associated with Higher Prevalence of Hypertension: the Watari Study: Satoshi KONNO, et al. Preventive Medical Center and Division of Hypertension, Tohoku Rosai Hospital—

Objectives

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between skill underutilization, a psychological job stressor proposed in the NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) job stress model, and the prevalence of hypertension.

Methods

We studied sitting blood pressure and fasting blood laboratory parameters in 3,429 inhabitants of the town of Watari during annual health check‐ups in 2010. A questionnaire was administered to examine job status, weekly working hours and degree of skill utilization. We divided subjects into tertiles according to skill utilization score. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed using prevalent hypertension as the dependent variable.

Results

Questionnaires were collected from 2,550 individuals. After excluding those who were not in paid employment and those with missing data, 1,075 permanent or part‐time workers were included in the final analysis. The odds ratio for the presence of hypertension was significantly higher in the lowest tertile of skill utilization score compared with the highest tertile (1.776; 95% confidence interval, 1.137−2.796) after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol level, triglyceride level, current smoking status and daily alcohol intake.

Conclusions

Skill underutilization was associated with a higher prevalence of hypertension in a working population including various kinds of occupations.
Thirdhand Smoke Beliefs of Parents
Authors: Drehmer Jeremy E. , Ossip Deborah J. , Nabi-Burza Emara , Rigotti Nancy A. , Hipple Bethany , Woo Heide , Chang Yuchiao , Winickoff Jonathan P.
Published: March 2014

OBJECTIVE:

To determine if the belief that thirdhand smoke is harmful to children is associated with smoking parents’ attitudes, home or car smoking policies, and quitting behaviors.

METHODS:

Data from a national randomized controlled trial, Clinical Effort Against Secondhand Smoke Exposure, assessed thirdhand smoke beliefs of 1947 smoking parents in an exit survey after a pediatric office visit in 10 intervention and 10 control practices. Twelve-month follow-up data were collected from 1355 parents. Multivariable logistic regression determined whether belief that thirdhand smoke harms the health of children is independently associated with parental behaviors and attitudes 12 months later. A χ2 test assessed whether parents who disagreed that thirdhand smoke is harmful were more likely to make a quit attempt if they later believed that thirdhand smoke is harmful.

RESULTS:

Belief at the exit survey that thirdhand smoke is harmful was independently associated with having a strictly enforced smoke-free home policy (adjusted odds ratio: 2.05; 95% CI: 1.37–3.05) and car policy (adjusted odds ratio: 1.69; 95% CI: 1.04–2.74) at the 12-month follow-up. A significantly higher percentage (71% vs 50%) of parents who did not hold the thirdhand smoke harm belief at baseline made at least 1 quit attempt if they agreed that thirdhand smoke is harmful at the 12-month follow-up (P = .02).

CONCLUSIONS:

Thirdhand smoke harm belief was associated with a strictly enforced smoke-free home and car and attempts to quit smoking. Sensitizing parents to thirdhand smoke risk could facilitate beneficial tobacco control outcomes.
A 5-Year Implant Follow-Up in Maxillary and Mandibular Horizontal Osseous Onlay Grafts and Native Bone
Authors: Sbordone Carolina , Toti Paolo , Martuscelli Ranieri , Guidetti Franco , Sbordone Ludovico , Ramaglia Luca
Published: March 2014

The purpose of this study is to analyze marginal bone levels (MBLs) around dental implants positioned in the upper and lower jaw with or without horizontal onlay grafting procedures, and to survey implant survival with a follow-up of 5 years. Seventeen patients were surveyed in the present retrospective chart review. A total of 27 dental implants positioned in pristine bone and 21 in horizontally grafted bone were enrolled. MBLs were recorded for 4 aspects during a radiologic survey of 5 years. Significant differences were searched for among times and surgical procedures with paired and unpaired comparison tests, respectively, and survival rates were calculated for the 2 groups. In the maxilla, no statistically-significant differences between pristine and augmented groups were obtained; the time comparisons for pristine implants showed an affection of palatal, mesial, and distal sides, whereas the resorption around implants placed into horizontally grafted bone of anterior maxilla seemed to be limited just to buccal and distal aspects. Comparisons with the pristine horizontal procedure revealed that just the buccal sides were involved. The analysis of time comparisons attested to a continuous alveolar bone remodeling during the entire time of the survey for the pristine group. Given the extremely unfavorable resorption at the buccal aspect of the augmented areas, clinicians should reserve dental implant positioning into horizontal bone graft to selected patients, in whom it may represent one of the last opportunities of rehabilitation with a fixed prosthesis.
Assessment of grouting applicability in type C Tehran alluvium
Authors: Esmaeili Morteza , Gharouni Nik Morteza , Hoseinpour Hamed
Published: March 2014

With the increase in the construction of underground railway lines and other underground spaces in Iran and the necessity of tunnelling through loose formations, it is essential to study the groutability of alluvial soils which are present in most of the urban regions. In the present study, a laboratory investigation was conducted on several soil mixtures, the distribution of which was in accordance with type C Tehran alluvium as the hosting material for many parts of the Tehran subway system. Cylindrical specimens of these materials with 50 and 70% compaction were prepared. As a first step, grouting with different water/cement (w/c) ratios and various pressures was applied to the test specimens. Based on the aggregations of soil and cement, grout w/c ratio, fine grain percentage in the soil, grouting pressure and compaction percentage, the groutability of the samples was assessed in terms of their various weights before and after grouting and a numerical criterion was derived for the groutability of the type C Tehran alluvium. In addition, after determining the 28 d strength of the grouted specimens and making comparisons with the witness samples, a relation was derived to estimate the strength of successfully grouted cylindrical specimens.
Stiffness of wall-type grouting under transversal loading
Authors: Ruggeri Paolo , Fruzzetti Viviene M. E. , Vita Alessandro , Segato David , Scarpelli Giuseppe
Published: March 2014

Soil treatment using jet grouting or deep mixing techniques can enhance the performance of existing embedded retaining structures by improving both ground strength and stiffness. Although the estimation of the equivalent geotechnical parameters of the composite ground is crucial for evaluating the effect of the improvement on the structures, current design methods are still highly empirical. Focusing on a wall-type treatment, two-dimensional numerical analyses using the finite-element method have been developed in order to evaluate the equivalent (untreated–treated soil) composite parameters. The results have been used to draw up a design chart which correlates the density of the treatment and the stiffness of the composite. Taking into account an existing quay wall these results demonstrate the beneficial effect of improvement treatment in the passive zone in terms of both geotechnical safety and mitigation of internal stresses.
The matrix alters the role of path redundancy on patch colonization rates
Authors: Fletcher Robert J. , Acevedo Miguel A. , Robertson Ellen P.
Published: March 2014

Landscape connectivity is central to many problems in ecology and conservation. Recently, the role of path redundancies on movement of organisms has been emphasized for understanding connectivity, because increasing the number of potential paths (i.e., redundancy) is predicted to increase movement rates, which can alter predictions for foraging theory and population dynamics. Nonetheless, experiments that test for the effects of path redundancies on connectivity remain scarce. We tested for the role of path redundancies on the movements of a habitat specialist, Chelinidea vittiger, using experimental arenas that altered path redundancy by varying the amount and configuration of stepping stones across a gradient of matrix resistance. We found that stepping‐stone redundancies increased colonization rates to target patches, but the effects differed depending on the configuration of redundancy and the structure of the matrix. In addition, matrix effects were better explained through the use of effective distance measures that incorporate redundancy in the matrix than those that ignore redundancy. Our results provide experimental evidence that measures that ignore redundancies may be inadequate for capturing functional connectivity, illustrate the ways in which redundancies alter colonization rates, and emphasize how habitat configuration and matrix structure can interact to guide movement of individuals across landscapes.
A Review of Drug Therapy for Neonatal Hypertension
Authors: Beaulieu Michele J. , Carsello Christina
Published: March 2014

Neonatal hypertension is becoming a more common diagnosis because of higher survival rates in premature infants and the need for intravascular access and invasive blood pressure (BP) monitoring. Defining hypertension in the neonatal population has been challenging, and understanding what constitutes a normal BP is still evolving.

Five general classes of antihypertensives exist for the treatment of hypertension in neonates. Few studies are available to guide clinicians in the treatment of hypertension in neonates, and limited data exist regarding outcomes of hypertension in the neonatal period.
Living With an Implantable Cardiac Defibrillator: A Model of Chronic Uncertainty
Authors: Carroll Sandra L. , McGillion Michael , Arthur Heather M.
Published: March 2014

Over the last two decades, the number of patients receiving implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICDs) for the prevention of sudden cardiac death has grown significantly. This growth is largely the result of broadened indication for ICD use because of the success of trials demonstrating efficacy. Early ICD indication centered on secondary prevention, which then advanced to primary prevention in high-risk patients. Nurses delivering care to these patients not only manage this complex technology but also patients’ uncertainty about their survival and related psychosocial adjustment to receiving an ICD. To inform practice, theoretical models such as Mishel’s (1988) uncertainty in illness model provide insight into such acute phases of illness. This article proposes expansion of the uncertainty in illness model to advance knowledge in this field for nurses caring for patients with ICD.
Xylitol, an Anticaries Agent, Exhibits Potent Inhibition of Inflammatory Responses in Human THP‐1‐Derived Macrophages Infected With Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: Park Eunjoo , Na Hee Sam , Kim Sheon Min , Wallet Shannon , Cha Seunghee , Chung Jin
Published: March 2014

Background: Xylitol is a well‐known anticaries agent and has been used for the prevention and treatment of dental caries. In this study, the anti‐inflammatory effects of xylitol are evaluated for possible use in the prevention and treatment of periodontal infections.

Methods: Cytokine expression was stimulated in THP‐1 (human monocyte cell line)‐derived macrophages by live Porphyromonas gingivalis, and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and a commercial multiplex assay kit were used to determine the effects of xylitol on live P. gingivalis–induced production of cytokine. The effects of xylitol on phagocytosis and the production of nitric oxide were determined using phagocytosis assay, viable cell count, and Griess reagent. The effects of xylitol on P. gingivalis adhesion were determined by immunostaining, and costimulatory molecule expression was examined by flow cytometry.

Results: Live P. gingivalis infection increased the production of representative proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor‐α and interleukin (IL)‐1β, in a multiplicity of infection– and time‐dependent manner. Live P. gingivalis also enhanced the release of cytokines and chemokines, such as IL‐12 p40, eotaxin, interferon γ–induced protein 10, monocyte chemotactic protein‐1, and macrophage inflammatory protein‐1. The pretreatment of xylitol significantly inhibited the P. gingivalis–induced cytokines production and nitric oxide production. In addition, xylitol inhibited the attachment of live P. gingivalis on THP‐1‐derived macrophages. Furthermore, xylitol exerted antiphagocytic activity against both Escherichia coli and P. gingivalis.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that xylitol acts as an anti‐inflammatory agent in THP‐1‐derived macrophages infected with live P. gingivalis, which supports its use in periodontitis.