bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LEGAL REGULATION OF DIGITISING AND OUTSOURCING MEDICAL RECORDS DEPARTMENT IN INDIA
Authors: Nath Aranya , Chakravarty Gautami , Goel Saumya
Published: October 2024

The whole deal with digitizing and outsourcing medical records in India is complicated. You've got a bunch of laws, guidelines, and ethical considerations all playing a role in ensuring data privacy, security, and patient confidentiality are on point. As the healthcare sector embraces digital solutions more and more, moving from old-fashioned paper records to electronic health records (EHRs) has become a big part of managing healthcare.
The Information Technology (IT) Act of 2000, along with its updates, lays the groundwork for all the legal stuff surrounding electronic data and how it's kept secure. Then there's the Personal Data Protection Bill of 2019, which hasn't been passed yet but has some pretty comprehensive measures in place to protect personal data, including health info. On top of all that, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW) has introduced the National Digital Health Mission (NDHM). This aims to create a national digital health system and puts a lot of emphasis on making sure data privacy and security are top-notch. When it comes to outsourcing the management of medical records to outside parties, there's a need to stick to legal standards and international best practices, like the ones laid out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) in the United States. Healthcare providers need to make sure that the folks they outsource to are following confidentiality agreements and data protection protocols. It's all about reducing the risks of data breaches and unauthorized access. The legal framework also requires regular audits, safe data storage solutions, and using fancy encryption technology. To wrap it up, digitizing and outsourcing medical records in India is all about blending existing IT laws, upcoming data protection rules, and specific guidelines for the healthcare industry. The goal is to keep patient data safe while making healthcare more efficient. As the world of digital health data keeps changing, ongoing legal reforms and clear regulatory standards will be important to keep everything in check.
CYBER-CRIMES AGAINST ELDERLY PEOPLE IN INDIA – SEARCH FOR DEFENCE MECHANISM TO COUNTER
Authors: Chattopadhyay Shrabana , Singh Dr. Manvendra
Published: October 2024

The crimes against elderly people in India is experiencing significant growth. Contemporary offenders specifically focus on elderly individuals as victims of various criminal acts, including cyber-crimes. These concerns are likely to have had a detrimental impact on the quality of life and overall well-being of elderly people. Since 2014, the National Crime Record Bureau (NCRB) in India has incorporated a distinct category to account for offences perpetrated against the elderly population. The prevailing cultural norms perpetrate acts of violence and harm against the elderly and parental figures, as evidenced by the content of this recent publication. The occurrence of crime against the elderly prior to 2014 should not be inferred as nonexistent based solely on the 2014 item. Conversely, the data reveals a significant surge in the number of reported cases among elderly individuals. Initially, the study discusses various laws and policies which are meant for elderly people. Keeping those laws and policies in the background, the study will analyze the surge in cyber-crimes against elderly people. Lastly, the study will seek to reduce the gap between the existing social measures and the commission of crimes against elderly by posing certain recommendations to enhance the safety of them.
…What about siblings? A journey into the world of brothers and sisters of people with disabilities
Authors: Tortorelli Giulia
Published: October 2024

The fraternal relationship is one of the most significant relations of kinship that we can experience in lifetime. It may happen that this particular relationship is characterized by the presence of a brother or sister with various disabilities. In this case the role of the other children, which are often left in the shadows, might become even more complex. This paper aims at exploring and developing the features related to their role, in order to highlight that their identities and experiences do not vanish in the definition of “being the brother/or the sister of… ”
Darkness in the Theatre. The perception of the embodied self in action
Authors: Mills David M.
Published: October 2024

Drawing on the phenomenology of Merleau-Ponty, especially his concept of bodily space, the author elaborates the parallel between the actor on stage, inhabiting many characters, and the person in the world, acting in within alternative sets of meanings. By juxtaposing Kelly’s geometric model of personal meaning with Merleau-Ponty’s basically theatrical view of the bodily situational space in which we each find ourselves, the paper explores the dimensionality of that lived space from which our ideas of geometric space are abstracted. While the two views may seem at odds—with Kelly making our meaning construction accessible by giving our attentiveness to it a geometric structure, and Merleau-Ponty emphasizing the fundamental inaccessibility of the mystery of how meaning derives from bodily experience—taken together they point us toward a deeper understanding of what Kelly might have meant by saying that a person “lives in anticipation”. This consideration of the actor as person and vice versa leads to a theatrical view of bodily experience in which the person is seen to inhabit multiple spaces of meaning, navigating among them as an actor would set aside a character and take up or ‘become’ another. By showing how spatial movement and meaningful action are intricately intertwined, the paper points toward a consideration of a person’s kinaesthetic sense as much more than a sense of movement—in fact as the perception of the meaning of their own embodiment in action.
That place or time between two terms. To plan educational places
Authors: Signori Ambra
Published: October 2024

The design of the spaces takes time and resources of the team work of a nursery. Basic assumption is that a space is never only a physical space but also a mental space, a space of relationship, a space designed for an educational relationship. Starting from a personal experience you want here to give a reading of the design and construction process throughout the constructivist glasses
The Italian school grappling with complexity
Authors: Carletti Anna Maria , Varani Andrea
Published: October 2024

The text proposes an analysis of the educational content in the National Guidelines highlighting shared aspects as well as problematic issues. In light of epistemology and constructivist theories of complexity, we try to offer insights on teaching methods and subject knowledge, the revision of which is today an urgent task, in order to build school curricula that will enable students to understand and take on the challenges that the modern world presents us. All this unquestionably requires appropriate training of teachers.
Nutrition during Pregnancy: Macronutrient and Specific Needs
Authors: Siati Abderrahim Siati
Published: October 2024

Pregnancy is characterized by significant metabolic changes aimed at providing the fetus a regular nutritional intake, adapted to its needs in all circumstances. The nutritional impact on the fetus is assessed by development and growth fetal and by its repercussions on fetal programming which conditions the occurrence of metabolic diseases in adulthood. Maternal weight gain during pregnancy is an important nutritional indicator. Excessive energy intake increases the risk of pregnancy-related high blood pressure, gestational diabetes, macrosomia and dystocia. Insufficient, it exposes to the risk of fetal hypotrophy, morbidity and mortality increase in neonatal and postnatal developmental disorders. Desirable nutritional intakes are close to those recommended in the general population. A debate remains concerning the benefit of systematic supplementation with iron, vitamin D and iodine. It is accepted that a diversified, sufficient and balanced diet is enough to satisfy all needs, with the exception of folic acid, the sub-deficiency of which, very common among women of childbearing age, is associated with malformations which can be prevented by systematic supplementation. Others supplementation is only necessary for women at risk.
Analysis of the Use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) Among Health Sciences Professionals
Authors: Villoria Clemente Muriel
Published: October 2024

The Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are the revolution of the XXI century, which allows doctors to be in immediate contact with the international scientific community, providing common professional projects and reviewing specific health situations, without intermediaries. However, studies specifically analyze the scope this type of developments have on the medical profession, on the attitude and knowledge of the patients or the relationship between them. The purpose of this study was to design a tool to evaluate the use of ICT in the field of medical professionals and influence in their clinical practice. To do this we have chosen one of the most common problems in the field of health which is the problem of pain. Through a questionnaire filled out by medical professional whose clinical activity is related to the treatment of pain, some aspects of the influence of ICT are explored in the continuous training of medical and clinical practice.
Deep Learning Models for Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer: A Systematic Review of Ultrasound-Based Diagnostic Tools
Authors: Olosunde Adebisi O. , Onuiri Ernest E.
Published: October 2024

Ovarian Cancer (OC) remains one of the most lethal gynecological malignancies, with a global 5-year survival rate of only 45%. This project aimed to assess the potential of deep learning-based diagnostic tools in improving early detection of ovarian cancer, particularly through ultrasound imaging. The primary research problem lies in the challenge of accurately diagnosing OC at an early stage, as traditional imaging techniques often rely on subjective interpretations, leading to inconsistent results. To address this issue, a systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, evaluating studies published between January 2018 and May 2023 in the Scopus and PubMed databases. These studies employed deep learning or artificial intelligence models for the diagnosis, prognosis, or identification of OC from ultrasound images. Of the 101 studies screened, 9 met the inclusion criteria. The included studies reported diagnostic accuracies of deep learning models ranging from 75% to 100%, with sensitivities between 85% and 99%. The conclusions indicate that deep learning models significantly enhance the diagnostic accuracy of ovarian cancer, offering a promising non-invasive tool for early detection. This research underscores the importance of integrating AI technologies into clinical practice to improve survival outcomes for OC patients.
Assistência à Mãe que Sobrevive ao Abortamento no SUS
Authors: Macedo Louise Xavier , Bezerra Ana Luiza Pereira , Fonseca Davi Brandão , Carvalho Patricia Borges , Leite Isadora Gomes Mendes , Pereira Iklezia Henrique , Costa Mariana Mota , Benevides Mariana Bezerra , Parriao Juliana Costa , Copetti Glimon Antônio Guimarães , Sousa Emyle Vitoria Pereira , Teixeira Ana Clara Silva , Nader Fernando Borges , Baratto Munylla Monica , Pacheco Murillo Henrique
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo aborda a assistência à mãe que sobrevive a um abortamento no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), com foco nos índices de atendimento e suporte em 2023 e 2024. A análise revela que, apesar dos avanços nas políticas de saúde reprodutiva, ainda há lacunas significativas na assistência prestada às mulheres que enfrentam complicações decorrentes de abortamentos. Em 2023, o SUS registrou um aumento de 15% no número de atendimentos a mulheres em situação de abortamento, refletindo a intensificação das campanhas de conscientização e a ampliação do acesso aos serviços de saúde. Entretanto, os dados indicam que apenas 40% dessas mulheres receberam acompanhamento psicológico adequado, evidenciando a necessidade de uma abordagem multidisciplinar para garantir a recuperação física e emocional. Para 2024, as projeções apontam para uma ampliação das iniciativas voltadas à formação de profissionais de saúde e à criação de protocolos específicos para a assistência pós-abortamento. A implementação de um sistema de acompanhamento contínuo é crucial para reduzir os índices de sequelas físicas e emocionais. O artigo conclui que, apesar dos esforços, é fundamental um comprometimento contínuo do SUS em oferecer suporte integral, que inclua tanto a saúde física quanto a saúde mental das mães, promovendo uma rede de cuidado efetiva e humanizada. A melhora nos índices de assistência dependerá, portanto, da articulação entre políticas públicas, formação de profissionais e conscientização da sociedade sobre a saúde da mulher.
Uso de antagonistas NMDA no tratamento da depressão grave
Authors: Medeiros Felipe de Abreu , Vicente Vitória Zonato Carlin , Santos Ana Caroline Martins Tavares dos , Andrade Diana Barth Amaral de , Gonçalves Rodrigo Vitorino , Nonato Giovana Dias , Morais Mariana Ramos de , Diniz Isabelle dos Santos , Leão Larissa , Bolwerk Marculina Barros de Carvalho , Sousa Lucas da Silva , Lima Thais Cristina de Aquino , Miranda Iasmin Pontes
Published: October 2024

Introdução: A depressão grave afeta milhões de pessoas globalmente, e muitos pacientes não respondem aos antidepressivos convencionais. Antagonistas do receptor NMDA, como a ketamina, têm demonstrado eficácia rápida no tratamento da depressão resistente, oferecendo uma nova abordagem terapêutica que atua através da ativação da via mTOR e da promoção da neuroplasticidade. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma revisão narrativa de artigos publicados entre 2010 e 2024 nas bases de dados PubMed. Foram selecionados estudos que abordam os efeitos terapêuticos de antagonistas NMDA no tratamento da depressão grave, com foco nos mecanismos de ação e segurança. Estudos clínicos e pré-clínicos foram incluídos, com exclusão de pesquisas que não envolvessem depressão grave. Objetivo: O objetivo deste artigo foi investigar os mecanismos e a eficácia dos antagonistas NMDA, especialmente a ketamina, no tratamento da depressão grave, além de explorar as limitações e os potenciais efeitos adversos desses tratamentos. Resultados: A ketamina demonstrou efeitos antidepressivos rápidos, com melhora dos sintomas em poucas horas. Esses efeitos estão relacionados à ativação da via mTOR, que promove sinaptogênese no córtex pré-frontal, revertendo déficits sinápticos associados à depressão. No entanto, efeitos colaterais, como dissociação e potencial de abuso, foram relatados. Novos antagonistas seletivos, como o Ro 25-6981, mostraram efeitos promissores com menos efeitos adversos. Discussão: Os resultados sugerem que os antagonistas NMDA, especialmente a ketamina, representam uma inovação significativa no tratamento da depressão grave, proporcionando alívio rápido dos sintomas. Entretanto, a necessidade de desenvolver opções mais seguras, com menos efeitos colaterais, é evidente. A utilização de antagonistas mais seletivos pode melhorar o perfil de segurança, mas estudos adicionais são necessários. Conclusão: Antagonistas NMDA, como a ketamina, oferecem uma alternativa eficaz para o tratamento da depressão resistente, com efeitos rápidos e promissores. Contudo, o desenvolvimento de tratamentos mais seguros e específicos continua sendo crucial para ampliar as opções terapêuticas com menos riscos de efeitos colaterais.
DIGITAL PROCESSES IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS
Authors: Čolak Krunoslav , Hajduk Maja
Published: October 2024

Croatia underwent a transition process in the early 1990s, transforming the structure and functioning of local government from 101 municipalities and 11 community municipalities to municipalities and cities as units of local government, and counties as units of regional governance. In addition to its status as the capital city, Zagreb also acquired the status of a county. A decade later, large cities were standardized within the local government system. The number of counties has remained unchanged since their establishment, while the number of cities has significantly increased, with a slightly smaller increase in the number of municipalities. Organizing local self-government aims to satisfy public interests of citizens and business organizations in a certain area by providing services. Along with the increase in the number of local government units, the number of employees has also increased, however, in over 50% of municipalities, citizens are unable to consume any public services. Managing human resources is inconsistent with the fact that administration in service processes is improved by implementing digital tools and affects the reduction of direct executors in individual service processes. The continuous increase in the number of employees has prompted us to research the effectiveness of informatization and digitalization in the daily work of local self-government units. A survey questionnaire was sent to all municipalities and cities, and slightly less than 20% of the surveys sent were returned. The collected data was processed using the „JASP“ program, and descriptive methods were used to describe the findings.
Utopian Method
Authors: French Jade Elizabeth , Lovatt Melanie , Wright Valerie
Published: October 2024

We analyze reader responses to Tove Jansson’s The Summer Book to suggest the novel offers a platform from which to imagine new, often utopian, thresholds of aging and intergenerational relationships. We suggest the way literature encourages utopian thinking is two-fold, allowing readers to reflect on the current state of the world around them and encouraging them to reimagine new possibilities. The aim of the reading groups was to use the novel to reflect on current age norms – socially, culturally, and politically – and reimagine new social futures relating to intergenerational relationships. In this paper, we discuss the findings from using The Summer Book as a platform to discuss attitudes to aging, time, intergenerational relationships, and age expectations. Participants opened up a number of avenues to reimagine age expectations, categories, and relationships, whilst also relating the fiction to their own experiences, which then often translated into discussions of how age-based stereotypes and intergenerational relationships need to be radically rethought. There were three main themes that we identified from these discussions: 1) countering age-expectations on the intergenerational island, 2) creating counter-narratives through the character of the Grandmother, 3) using the novel’s relational behaviors and practices to imagine better futures for intergenerational relationships.
An integrated guide to thematic analysis
Authors: Brems Miriam Kroman , Arregui Olivera Cecilia
Published: October 2024

In this section, Journalistica puts a spotlight on research methods used in journalism studies and/or journalism practice.
The Social Lives of Land
Authors: Goldman Michael , Lee Peluso Nancy , Wolford Wendy
Published: October 2024

This introductory chapter explores the key concept of land politics. It considers land to be foundational to life, which is generative and embedded in cultural and environmental politics and political economies. Multidimensional perspectives on land have taken center stage since the turn of the twenty-first century alongside the conflicts concerning access and control, natural and human crises, and extraction and production. Moreover, contemporary inequalities and injustices on and over land articulate with long histories of expropriation, exclusion, and extraction. The chapter also provides an overview of the importance of historical perspectives for understanding the crises of land in the contemporary moment.
What is Land? Ontology, Practice, and Indeterminacy
Authors: Nadasdy Paul
Published: October 2024

This chapter examines the ontology, practice, and indeterminacy of land. It explains that land's social lives are articulated through culturally varied human relations, including the ways they engage with other-than-human actors on the land. The indeterminacy framework has several advantages over the multiple worlds thesis as it does not force people to focus on objects-in-themselves. Moreover, indeterminacy provides a way to avoid a colonial perspective and suggests that indigenous ways of being in and enacting the world are worthy of study not because they can help people understand important aspects of the (one) world in which they all live. The chapter then elaborates on the interplay between indeterminacy and colonialism.
From Sand to Land
Authors: Schoenberger Laura
Published: October 2024

This chapter examines sand and land as both form and process. It provides an overview of multiple ontologies of land in correlation with the processes of sand dredging for land reclamation. Singapore is known as the largest land reclamation project in the world, and Cambodia became a major supplier of sand for Singapore's expansion, accounting for nearly a third of its imports. The chapter explains how land reclamation megaprojects take shape, particularly focusing on the technological developments that extract huge volumes of sand so that land reclamation can reach greater scales. It considers the extent of sand mining's impact, referring to sand as a resource and as a land.
Mobile Labor, Shifting Land Regimes, and Social Reproduction in East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Peluso Nancy Lee
Published: October 2024

This chapter overviews mobile labor, shifting land regimes, and social reproduction in East Java, Indonesia. It examines how mobile laborers and other mobile rural actors have influenced the social lives of land. Essentially, mobility does not always render or represent a positive change. The chapter discusses labor's mobility and landlords' attempts to fix or tie mobile laborers to themselves as employers before considering the figure of numpang, who are landless, dependent laborers whose existence and presumed mobilities are always produced in relation to a landowner or institutional landlord. The chapter elaborates on the mobility movements and transformation of Mt. Wilis's uplands as private, forest, and plantation regimes.
“Incompatible with a Progressive Agriculture”
Authors: Wolford Wendy
Published: October 2024

This chapter focuses on the role of manioc in colonial and postcolonial visions for land and labor in Mozambique. It introduces the Dutch Agricultural Development & Trading Company (DADTCO), a Dutch company in Mozambique famous for its mobile manioc-processing unit (MPU). Researchers and DADTCO were teaching farmers how to plant manioc in ways that matched the rhythm and needs of a newly developing market. The treatment of colonial and postcolonial government officials, scientists, and aid workers of the tuber highlighted colonial and postcolonial aspirations for the land and people of the region. The chapter explains how farmers struggle with the new, time-intensive methods, and they protest the cold new culture of the market.
Producing Assets
Authors: Swyngedouw Erik , Ward Callum
Published: October 2024

This chapter explores the notion of the social life of land under capitalism. It explains that the process of land association is central to all manner of social struggles beyond the distributional impact of the treatment of residential land as a financialised asset in the Global North. Since value grabbing is increasingly central to the reproduction of contemporary capitalism, social conflict unfolds over the distribution and appropriation of the flows of value that circulate in and through privatized assets. The chapter examines how the material flows of social life embedded within land become liquefied in the capital's drive for fungibility. It also highlights how pseudocommodities become central to the contemporary economy.
Educating Children Outdoors
Authors: Butler Amy , Charles Cheryl
Published: October 2024

Bringing over two decades of experience working outdoors with teachers and students, this book's author offers curricular guidance on nature-based lessons that align with K-12 education standards and build on the innate curiosity and wonder children have for the natural world. The book will help the educator to learn successful routines and practices to make learning outdoors safe and engaging; understand protocols for real and risky play; draw inspiration from real-life stories from other teachers about learning in nature; meet NGSS and Common Core standards outdoors with seasonal lessons that are child-centered; be part of the movement to support children in becoming reconnected with the natural world and the places they call home. With twenty-five lessons in five units of study spread out across a seasonal school year and appendixes that offer templates for learning, the book is essential for educators looking to harvest the benefits of a nature-based curriculum.
Nature-Based Routines for Outdoor Learning
Authors: Butler Amy
Published: October 2024

This chapter delves into a typical Educating Children Outdoors (ECO) Day, where children transition from the confines of the school building to the expansive outdoors with a burst of energy and purpose. Like a murmuration of birds, the children ran and skipped across the soccer field to their meeting spot, engaging in silent observations of the morning landscape along the way. The chapter mentions the game of owls and mice, rooted in the children's prior classroom exploration, that ignited their curiosity and social interaction. It discusses how the children's routine of outdoor play fosters motor skills and scientific understanding and nurtures a strong sense of community among the students. As the children transitioned deeper into the forest, guided by safety protocols and the children's enthusiasm, the day unfolds with opportunities for exploration and connection with nature, setting the stage for a day of experiential learning and joyful discovery.
Teaching with Fire
Authors: Carley Emily
Published: October 2024

This chapter explores the integration of fire into outdoor teaching, emphasizing its ancient significance and essential role in human survival. The chapter highlights the sensory experiences associated with fire, such as the sounds of crackling wood and the warmth it provides. The chapter encourages educators to incorporate fire into their lessons, stressing the importance of safety and proper scaffolding to create resilience in outdoor learning during colder months. By building and tending a fire, students practice self-care and caretaking of others, fostering self-esteem, security, and a sense of belonging. It combines safety protocols, science, literacy, math, and social-emotional learning, showcasing how the magic of fire can unite people and enrich the outdoor classroom experience.
“Then I’ll Save”
Authors: Criblez Adam J.
Published: October 2024

This chapter delves into the turbulent summer of 1974 in New York City, juxtaposing the emerging cultural phenomenon of graffiti art and hip-hop with the waning fortunes of the New York Knicks. It notes how the team pinned hopes on center John Gianelli, but his lack of commitment and skills became apparent. Despite brief moments of brilliance from star guard Clyde Frazier, the Knicks' performance remained lackluster. Meanwhile, New York City itself teetered on the brink of bankruptcy, with mounting financial woes, widespread municipal layoffs, and a deteriorating public image encapsulated by President Gerald Ford's infamous “Drop Dead” stance. The chapter captures a city and a basketball team grappling with profound challenges and seeking redemption.
“You Don’t Get to Rebuild If You Are the New York Knicks”
Authors: Criblez Adam J.
Published: October 2024

This chapter delves into the significant transformations in New York's sporting and cultural landscape during the mid-1970s. It notes the challenge Spencer Haywood faced of turning around the New York Knicks, bringing with him a history of overcoming adversity from his roots in Mississippi to becoming a celebrated Olympic gold medalist. Despite initial excitement, the Knicks struggled to mesh, partly due to Haywood's one-on-one style clashing with Coach Red Holzman's team-oriented approach. The chapter details the rise of hip-hop culture in New York City's South Bronx amidst economic decline and the infamous 1977 blackout. Figures like Kool Herc and the early B-boys and B-girls transformed music and dance, repurposing beats and moves to create a vibrant, new subculture.
“Colorful yet Colorless”
Authors: Criblez Adam J.
Published: October 2024

This chapter describes how, even after the release of Rapper's Delight in 1979, hip-hop remained largely an underground phenomenon, confined mainly to the five boroughs of New York City. Despite being predominantly a Black and Latino movement, pioneers like Afrika Bambaataa aimed to bridge racial divides. The chapter details how tracks like Bambaataa's Planet Rock were selling widely by late 1982, particularly to suburban white youths. The chapter also covers the New York Knicks' 1980 expansion draft, highlighting Earl Monroe's departure and the team's pursuit of new talent like UCLA's Kiki Vandeweghe that reflected broader racial dynamics within the NBA. As the Knicks navigated draft picks and trades, it underscores the cultural and economic tensions within both hip-hop and professional basketball during this transformative period.
“The Ship Be Sinking”
Authors: Criblez Adam J.
Published: October 2024

This chapter highlights significant events from August 1, 1981, when MTV revolutionized television by launching its first broadcast with The Buggles' Video Killed the Radio Star to the transformative shifts within the New York Knicks. The chapter recounts how MTV swiftly became a cultural phenomenon, introducing mainstream audiences to Black artists like Prince and Michael Jackson. Meanwhile, the Knicks underwent substantial roster changes, losing key players like Ray Williams and Mike Glenn, which deeply affected star Micheal Ray Richardson, leading him down a path of drug addiction. The chapter describes the shift in New York City's political landscape under Mayor Ed Koch, whose policies fostered economic disparity and gentrification and impacted the burgeoning hip-hop culture. It intertwines New York City's developments with the Knicks' internal turmoil, the impact of Ronald Reagan's war on drugs, and the broader socio-political climate, culminating in a vivid portrayal of a pivotal era in sports and culture.
“A Policy of Patience”
Authors: Criblez Adam J.
Published: October 2024

This chapter discusses the racial tensions of the early eighties in the United States, focusing on the peak in New York City during the summer of 1982 with the killing of Willie Turks, a Black transit worker. It explores the circumstances surrounding Turks' death, the subsequent legal proceedings, and the community's response to the verdict. It also examines the significant changes within the New York Knicks, including the retirement of Red Holzman, the hiring of Hubie Brown as head coach, and Dave DeBusschere as general manager, signaling a shift towards stability and a fresh start for the team. Amidst these developments, the NBA faced challenges such as a potential player strike and the implementation of a salary cap. The chapter also sets the stage for the Knicks' 1983 season, highlighting the team's cautious optimism amidst a backdrop of uncertainty and change.
“To the Hoop, Y’All”
Authors: Criblez Adam J.
Published: October 2024

This chapter explores the significant events surrounding New York Knicks head coach Hubie Brown in October 1983, including his hospitalization due to angina. Brown faced additional stress from criticisms by other NBA coaches in a Sports Illustrated article, particularly regarding his comments about a former assistant coach. The chapter delves into the strained relationship between Brown and general manager Dave DeBusschere, which was exacerbated by rumors of Madison Square Garden's potential demolition and tensions over the team's performance. The chapter recounts how the Knicks faced the 1983–84 season with cautious optimism, retaining much of their previous roster and adding new talent like Darrell Walker and Ray Williams. It touches upon the broader context of New York City, including Mayor Ed Koch's administration, the AIDS epidemic, and racial tensions, providing a backdrop for the Knicks' journey during the 1983–84 season.
Citizens
Authors: Conroy-Krutz Emily
Published: October 2024

This chapter recounts the 1839 arrival of the French frigate L'Artémise in Hawai'i, which delivered an ultimatum demanding commercial access, religious freedom, and extraterritoriality. French merchants were frustrated by restrictions on wine, brandy, and Catholic worship, leading Captain Cyrille Pierre Laplace to threaten a blockade and attack if the Hawaiian kingdom did not comply. The chapter discusses how the blockade and attack alarmed US Protestant observers who defended the Hawaiian government's sovereignty, despite often demanding their own religious freedom in other regions. The chapter exmamines the complex interplay between missionary work and US foreign policy, raising questions about citizenship rights and extraterritoriality. It details how the eventual treaty and payment by Hawai'i to the French underscored the ongoing influence of missionaries in shaping US diplomatic priorities and the evolving understanding of citizenship rights in the mid-nineteenth century.
Humanitarians
Authors: Conroy-Krutz Emily
Published: October 2024

This chapter recounts James L. Barton's 1915 investigation into the Armenian Genocide, which was driven by alarming coded letters from Turkey. As the foreign secretary of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM), Barton uncovered the systematic annihilation of Armenians through unfiltered State Department reports. The chapter investigates Barton's findings, which led to the formation of the American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief (ACASR) and the rally of missionaries, politicians, and humanitarian activists to raise substantial aid. The chapter details how the Armenian crisis exemplified the intertwined roles of missionaries and government in humanitarian advocacy, highlighting the potential and limitations of missionary diplomacy amidst geopolitical complexities. Despite the US Senate rejecting the Armenian mandate, Near East Relief continued extensive aid efforts, demonstrating the persistent yet evolving impact of missionary-led humanitarian work.
A New Generation
Authors: Conroy-Krutz Emily
Published: October 2024

This chapter highlights the transformation of missionary diplomacy after the Great War, shaped by twentieth-century pluralism, ecumenism, and cosmopolitanism. It traces the changes in US governance and the mission movement that altered the perceived relationship between missions and the US government, though Protestant missions still advanced US interests in education and medicine. It also recounts President Calvin Coolidge's 1925 address at the Foreign Missions Conference, which underscored both the positive and negative impacts of missionary work, advocating for a spirit of liberalism, toleration, and brotherhood. The chapter discusses how the evolution of missionary diplomacy continued with professionalization within the US Foreign Service and increased collaboration between religious and governmental efforts. Modern missionary efforts, although diverse and sometimes controversial, still reflect the enduring legacy of nineteenth-century missionary.
Behind the Curtain
Authors: Kushner Barak
Published: October 2024

This chapter elaborates on the forces shaping Sino-Japanese postwar attitudes toward justice. Despite the Chinese tactical moves, the Japanese reevaluated the Chinese war crimes trials and repatriated the prisoners by 1957. Japan's attitudes at the higher altitudes of governance began to lean more conservative, but social discontent continued to find release through the younger generations. The chapter provides an overview of the age of white terror (baise kongbu) in Taiwan, which was regarded as the continual exertion of state violence. It discusses that Taiwan had invested national finances toward compensation for transitional justice before considering the criticism concerned with any substantive investigation of the legal and political systems.
Owning the War
Authors: Kushner Barak
Published: October 2024

This chapter discusses the construction of national history revolving around the People's Republic of China (PRC). The PRC became the new official representative of China to the United Nations, and, decades later, the PRC appropriated the mantle of international recognition from Taiwan, and regional power dynamics began to shift. Moreover, China's release of important Japanese prisoners was symbolic of the overall shift in managing a more open and transparent legal system. Eventually, Xi Jinping led the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) to establish a legal opinion that China controls law outside of its borders. The chapter also mentions that Japan's idea of justice is still correlated with the discussions of the Tokyo Trial.
Conclusion
Authors: Kushner Barak
Published: October 2024

This chapter explores the poverty of political ambition in East Asia. The structures of a national history create zones of conflict and sites of commemoration that are not immune from influence on how history is shaped. Japan and China need to investigate their own histories, instead of relying on national sophistry and feel-good commissions to get them through times of crises. The chapter explains that the goals of peace, security, and justice mean different things for different parties and vary widely in relation to the common end. While war crimes trials in Asia did not lead to reconciliation in East Asia, they did offer a first step forward.
Introduction
Authors: Kalman Samuel
Published: October 2024

This introductory chapter examines a comprehensive overview of police and crime in the colony. It focuses on the organization and functioning of the police, and the challenges encountered by officers. Law enforcement also participated in the functioning of the intelligence state wherein information gathering and threat assessments proved vital to the maintenance and continuity of colonial administrations. Police and gendarmes remained unconcerned by crimes committed by Arabs and Kabyles against their brethren unless they were likely to compromise security. The chapter explains that police and gendarmes prioritized the entrenchment of European racial hegemony and attempted to squelch crime, disorder, and potential revolt directed at the settlers.
Agents of Empire and Crisis of Authority
Authors: Kalman Samuel
Published: October 2024

This chapter examines the professional, racial, and financial reality of policing in French Colonial Algeria. Throughout the French Empire, law enforcement reflected the priorities of the metropolitan administration. Crime and public security offenses were often twinned with anticolonialism and perpetrated by a hostile population that sought to remove the European presence on Algerian soil. Racial animus formed the very basis of relations between police and gendarmes and Arabs and Kabyles, resulting in charges of physical and mental abuse, investigative bias, and the marginalization of subaltern Muslim officers and adjutants. The chapter also provides an overview of the professionalization and expansion of North African Security Forces.
Policing Colonial Politics
Authors: Kalman Samuel
Published: October 2024

This chapter tackles the surveillance, arrest, and detention of leaders and members of the Parti du peuple algérien (PPA, Algerian People's Party). It also details the merging trend following the aftermath of the Second World War, such as the criminalization of nationalist politics, particularly the PPA as an organization. Police and judges used surveillance, intimidation, and violence to eliminate the perceived nationalist threat to French Algeria. For police and gendarmes, the post-1945 fight against nationalism irrevocably altered Algerian law enforcement. The chapter explains that attempts to squelch nationalism failed in the long term, so colonial authorities concluded the party was defunct.
Conclusion
Authors: Kalman Samuel
Published: October 2024

This chapter concludes the extent of police duty and law enforcement in Algeria. It explains that violence and repression instituted by various branches of colonial law enforcement in Algeria reached a crescendo during the 1954 to 1962 War of Independence. Police and gendarmes were more frequently involved in assisting army units in the extirpation of the Front de libération nationale (FLN) and Armée de libération nationale (ALN), which invariably included criminal actions such as torture and murder. The chapter highlights the inevitability of the War of Independence, especially after the massacres, torture, and indiscriminate violations of Algerian bodies. It mentions how the French response remains incomplete at best.
Misrecognitions
Authors: Parker Ben
Published: October 2024

This book mounts a vigorous defense of the labyrinthine plotting of Victorian novels, notorious for their implausible concluding revelations and coincidences. Critics have long decried Victorian recognition scenes—the reunions and retroactive discoveries of identity that too conveniently bring the story to a close—as regrettable contrivances. The book counters this view by showing how these recognition scenes offer a critique of the social and economic misrecognitions at work in nineteenth-century capitalism. Through a meticulous analysis of novels by Charles Dickens, Anthony Trollope, and Henry James, as well as Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes stories, the book tracks how the Victorian novel translates the financialized abstractions of capital into dramas of buried secrets and disguised relations. Drawing on Karl Marx's account of commodity fetishism and reification, the book contends that, by configuring capital as an enigma to be unveiled, Victorian recognition scenes dramatize the inversions of agency and temporality that are repressed in capitalist production. In plotting capital as an agent of opacity and misdirection, Victorian novels and their characteristic dialectic of illusion and illumination reveal the plot hole in capitalism itself.
Financial Crisis and the Partitions of Subjectivity in Little Dorrit
Authors: Parker Ben
Published: October 2024

This chapter looks into the financial crisis and partitions of subjectivity as presented in Charles Dickens' Little Dorrit. Dickens's plots tend to climax by transforming arbitrary appearances into a network of secret relationships, elaborately overturning established identities, and excavating buried links to the past. The plot structure correlates to Dickens' social criticism, which frames problems of legality and illegality alike in terms of secrecy and repression. The chapter explains that Dickens presents capital's inner workings as empty and abstract. Moreover, Dickens sees capital accumulation as a trap for misplaced faith and empty idolization. The chapter notes that Dickens critiques capitalist speculation as “fetishism” in the anthropological sense.
Interest-Bearing Capital and the Displacement of Affect in The Last Chronicle of Barset
Authors: Parker Ben
Published: October 2024

This chapter discusses The Last Chronicle of Barset written by Anthony Trollope in line with interest-bearing capital and the displacement of affect. It explains how the technique of staggered retrospection, in turn, disrupts and problematizes Crawley's subjectivity. In The Last Chronicle, financial capital is also seen as a wrong basis for social norms and accountability. The chapter also notes that the recognition scene is a case of misdirection with the arbitrariness of the capital, while subjectivity is intersected and deformed by anxiety from the experience of interest-bearing capital. It cites that capitalist finance is a bad plot as a social form reiterating without thickening or differently inflecting its social meanings.
The Fragmentation of Subject and Object in Sherlock Holmes
Authors: Parker Ben
Published: October 2024

This chapter details the fragmentation of subject and object within Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes books. It mentions how the Holmes books figure as a demotion of the recognition scene, which falls off into uncritical obsolescence. The supremacy of the recognition scene in detective fiction rests on this detachable and repeatable function. Moreover, Holmes's solutions divorce the misrecognition of the subject from the misrecognition of the object. The chapter highlights that the Sherlock Holmes mysteries more or less kill off recognition scenes in English novels outside of detective fiction, before clarifying that recognition scenes still persist in the generic enclave of detective fiction.
American Power and the Collapse of the Bretton Woods System
Authors: De Groot Michael
Published: October 2024

This chapter highlights the extent of America's power in line with the collapse of the Bretton Woods system. During the postwar period, US economic supremacy had upheld the Bretton Woods system and undergirded the West's security architecture. Additionally, the New Economic Policy tried to redress the emerging contradictions in the US welfare empire. The collapse of the Bretton Woods system indicated that its structure had been based on a distribution of economic power that prevailed in the late 1940s but no longer existed in the early 1970s. The chapter explains that US officials learned from the Great Depression and World War II that the United States must never again allow a totalitarian power to seize control of Eurasia.
The Soviet Umbrella and the Volcker Shock
Authors: De Groot Michael
Published: October 2024

This chapter discusses the key concepts concerned with the Soviet umbrella and the Volcker shock. With the Soviet Union overextended, the Volcker shock pummeled Eastern Europe. The chapter examines how the tight monetary policy of the Federal Reserve helped trigger a debt crisis in Eastern Europe and the Solidarity uprising in Poland. Moreover, the Volcker shock transformed international lending patterns. The chapter explains that the Volcker shock deepened the cracks in the Soviet welfare empire and ripped the Soviet umbrella. It cites that the debt crisis also hastened Eastern Europe's pivot to the West which began to provide temporary lifeboats to ensure that no sovereign borrower defaulted on its loans.
The Aims and the Ends, Values and Value
Authors: Blum Susan D.
Published: October 2024

This chapter examines the value of schooling, particularly its use value and exchange value. It notes the perspective of schooling as the inevitable gauntlet that children must endure since the alternatives would be child labor or idleness. The notion of exchange value stems from sorting and ranking students, which is another function placed on schools, individual students and teachers. Meanwhile, schoolishness teaches the game of school, which encourages to game the system to get the end result by any means. The chapter also notes how schools are charged with the leftover tasks society would not take on, referencing how schools were expected to fix virtually every problem during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Teachers, Students, Classes
Authors: Blum Susan D.
Published: October 2024

This chapter explores the interplay of teachers, students, and classes while considering authorities, competitors, and communities of varied learners. It explains that schoolishness presumes certain roles and relationships, which could be between teachers and students and among the students. Thus, classrooms may contain a variety of relationships, including competition and cooperation. The chapter then elaborates that, instead of collections of sameness and mechanical solidarity, communities are collections of organic solidarity where people with different strengths, interests, backgrounds, and many more can be welcomed and needed. It mentions that accommodation is usually done in response to students' documented intellectual and physical disabilities.