bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Linguistic and Contextual Analysis of Fasting in Surah al-Baqarah: A Jewish-Christian Heritage in 7th Century Arabia
Authors: Ismail Ahmad
Published: July 2024

This research examines the Islamic obligation of fasting during the month of Ramadan as outlined in the Quran (Q 2:183-5). The author argues that many Islamic scholars have underestimated the importance and significance of this religious duty, instead focusing on the allowances and exemptions provided in the Quranic verses. Through a semantic analysis of the language and structure of Q 2:183-5, the paper contends that the Quran emphasizes fasting as a crucial act of worship that should not be taken lightly. The conditional sentence structure in the verses is interpreted as a rhetorical device to highlight the benefits of fasting, rather than merely providing relief or exceptions. Furthermore, the paper argues that the Quranic mandate for fasting was not novel, as it built upon pre-existing fasting traditions among earlier faith communities like Judaism, Christianity, and even ancient Greek and Buddhist practices. This suggests that the first recipients of the Quran would have understood fasting as a serious religious obligation. In conclusion, the research challenges the common scholarly view that the Quran provides extensive leniency regarding the Ramadan fast. Instead, it posits that the Quranic approach emphasizes the importance and wisdom behind this act of devotion, which Muslims should not underestimate or treat too lightly.
Hacia una educación equitativa en ciencias de la computación
Authors: Vieira Camilo , Espinal Alejandro , Chiu Jennifer , Bredder Eric , Harris Paola , Wilkens Kim
Published: July 2024

En la actualidad, la equidad de acceso a la educación en ciencias de la computación representa un desafío: la educación en ciencias de la computación es indispensable para la participación activa en un mundo computacional, pero las iniciativas actuales tienden a aumentar las brechas existentes por factores culturales, socioeconómicos y del contexto.  Este artículo propone un modelo para la educación equitativa en computación que aporte a la reducción de estas brechas, mediante tres estrategias principales: (I) Investigar cómo aprende los estudiantes en contextos particulares; (II) Generar capacidad en docentes para enseñar computación a través de programas de desarrollo profesional, mientras investigamos cómo aprenden los y las docentes, y cómo logran (o no) llevarlo al aula; y (III) Diseñar dispositivos accesibles para la enseñanza de la computación. Esta accesibilidad incluye dispositivos que sean de bajo costo, pero que también ser versátiles, en cuanto a su apariencia, las formas de interacción, y los conceptos que permitan enseñar. Este artículo describe el modelo para la educación equitativa en computación, y muestra un caso de estudio para cada una de las estrategias.
Panorama de las carreras de computación en México
Authors: Figueroa Mo Karina Mariela , Barrón Estrada María Lucia
Published: July 2024

La oferta educativa de estudios de nivel licenciatura o posgrado en el área de computación ofrece una excelente oportunidad para los jóvenes que inician sus estudios debido al alto impacto que tiene la tecnología en nuestros días, además, han aumentado los salarios y las oportunidades laborales para personal calificado en esta área. El mercado laboral tiene una amplia oferta de empleos con salarios muy competitivos para diversos puestos además de tener la oportunidad de trabajar desde casa. La parte más alentadora para profesionalizarse en esta área es que en un futuro inmediato se vislumbra que la demanda continuará en el mercado laboral y estos puestos de trabajo no serán absorbidos por la automatización con el desarrollo de la inteligencia artificial.
Por otro lado, los medios digitales de comunicación donde los jóvenes pueden consultar la oferta académica son independientes, las universidades y centros de investigación a través de sus portales digitales ofrecen información de los programas que ofertan y los jóvenes deben tener una idea clara sobre cual institución o universidad consultar, esto generalmente se consigue por recomendación de algún profesor o por haber asistido a una conferencia o evento académico. En resumen, los estudiantes no tienen una visión general de la oferta académica que existe en el país. En este artículo se presenta una iniciativa por concentrar la información de programas de estudio de nivel licenciatura y posgrado relacionadas con Computación en México y se presentan estadísticas sobre los datos recolectados. El objetivo de este estudio es presentar a los jóvenes la oferta académica en las carreras relacionadas con computación. Los grados académicos que muestran son: licenciatura/ingeniería, maestría en ciencias y profesionalizante, y doctorado. Los datos recolectados corresponden a 33 carreras de nivel licenciatura que ofrecen programa de licenciatura o ingeniería, 30 de programas de nivel maestría y 21 programas de doctorado. Las carreras relacionadas con computación e informática más ofertadas en México en 2022 fueron: Ingeniería en sistemas computacionales e Ingeniería en computación. La información aquí presentada se encuentra disponible para consultarse en el portal de la SMCC en la dirección URL: http://computo.fismat.umich.mx/smcc/mapaComputacion/
Evaluación de la carga microbiana del aire interior y condiciones microclimáticas en la biblioteca del campus de la Universidad Militar Nueva Granada
Authors: Ladino Quintero Natali , Garavito Matallana Ibsen , Patiño María Camila , Ramírez Omar
Published: July 2024

Los bioaerosoles fúngicos y bacterianos tienen el potencial de generar biodeterioro de los libros y materiales de archivo almacenados en las bibliotecas por acción de sus procesos metabólicos. El desarrollo de estos procesos está determinado por factores microclimáticos como la humedad relativa y la temperatura. A nivel nacional los estudios sobre biodeterioro en bibliotecas han sido escasos, al igual que la investigación sobre bioaerosoles en ambientes interiores. Estos temas son de alta importancia ya que repercuten en la salud de las personas y en la conservación de los libros. Este estudio tiene como objetivo determinar la carga microbiana del aire interior de la biblioteca del campus de la Universidad Militar Nueva Granada (Cajicá, Colombia), así como analizar las condiciones microclimáticas del lugar. Se utilizó un muestreador de aire MAS-100 Eco, con un flujo de aire de 100 L/min durante 2.5 minutos, y se empleó como medio de cultivo agar nutritivo y rosa de bengala. Las muestras se encubaron durante 8 días y el conteo de colonias se realizó sobre la caja de Petri. Para la identificación fúngica se realizó tinción con azul de lactofenol y para clasificar las bacterias se empleó la tinción de Gram. Para el monitoreo de las condiciones microclimáticas se empleó un datalogger con conexión USB. Como parte de los resultados se obtuvieron cargas microbianas entre 220 y 921 UFC/m3. La temperatura varió entre 18,2 y 18,6ºC y la humedad relativa entre 60,8 y 64,7%. Se identificaron géneros de hongos tales como Aspergillus, Penicillium y Cladosporium, así como bacterias Gram positivas y Gram negativas. Se observó que cuando la humedad relativa aumenta, la concentración de aerosoles fúngicos tiende a presentar el mismo comportamiento. Se concluyó que las condiciones microclimáticas de humedad relativa pueden aumentar el riesgo de biodeterioro en la biblioteca.
Estudio de mercadeo y vigilancia tecnológica del aguacate hass y sus derivados
Authors: Serna Jiménez Johanna Andrea , Ochoa Betancur Mariana , Aguirre Arroyave María Camila , Ochoa Mondragón Manuel Francisco
Published: July 2024

El aguacate de la variedad Hass (Persea americana Mill) se ha convertido en uno de los productos agrícolas de mayor relevancia en Colombia, aumentando significativamente su producción en los últimos años. Sus propiedades y características, principalmente su contenido de aceite en comparación con otras variedades, así como, la composición de su cáscara y semilla genera altas demandas del material vegetal en fresco y productos derivados en mercados internacionales.  
El propósito de este artículo es presentar una perspectiva tecnológica y comercial para la cadena agroindustrial de aguacate variedad Hass en Colombia, a través de la vigilancia tecnológica de la pulpa, la semilla y la cáscara, su investigación de mercado y panorama mundial de las tendencias de consumo, que permitirá establecer posibles aplicaciones y oportunidades de sofisticación y de mercado para la cadena del aguacate Hass.
En el contexto nacional, Colombia en el 2022, ocupó el séptimo lugar en cantidad de toneladas exportadas de aguacate fresco, experimentando un crecimiento en el periodo 2018-2022. La creciente participación de Colombia en la exportación de aguacate destaca la calidad de sus productos, la mejora en la organización de la cadena productiva y la capacidad de adaptación a las tendencias del mercado global, posicionando al país estratégicamente para aprovechar oportunidades en la industria del aguacate.
En cuanto a la vigilancia tecnológica, el código CPC predominante para la divulgación de patentes relacionadas con el aguacate incluyendo semilla y cáscara, es el A61K8/922. Este código agrupa patentes enfocadas en preparaciones cosméticas o de higiene que incluyan aceites, grasas o ceras de origen vegetal. Este análisis subraya las diversas posibilidades de incorporar el aguacate Hass en distintas formulaciones de productos, evidenciando su prometedora incursión en los diferentes mercados globales.
Superando las barreras de acceso a la educación: un prototipo para el estudio remoto del capacitor.
Authors: Valencia-Fajardo Natalia Andrea , Vargas-Cañas Rubiel , Muñoz-Varon Mavy Sofia , Arroyave-Piamba Michel Daniela
Published: July 2024

En muchas regiones de nuestro país, y del mundo, el acceso a las prácticas de laboratorio de física y en especial de electromagnetismo es limitado. La falta de acceso a laboratorios tiene consecuencias significativas para los estudiantes, incluyendo la pérdida de experiencia práctica, oportunidades de aprendizaje limitadas y menos desarrollo de habilidades técnicas. Por esto, se presenta en este trabajo un prototipo que permite, de manera remota, reconocer el capacitor como un dispositivo de almacenamiento de energía. Para ello, se siguió una metodología de tres fases: i) la primera, levantamiento de requerimientos; ii) luego se elaboró un diagrama de casos de uso que proporciona una visión de cómo los usuarios interactúan con el hardware.; iii) finalmente se implementaron los servicios y funciones que el programa ofrece al usuario. Esto facilita al estudiante la ejecución remota de la prueba de laboratorio, la toma de datos, su visualización, la descarga de las gráficas requeridas y el cálculo del error experimental. Así pues, con los datos obtenidos se logró determinar la constante de tiempo Tau de carga y descarga del condensador y estudiar el comportamiento de sus curvas. Esto ratifica al condensador como un eficiente dispositivo de almacenamiento de carga y se puede llegar a esta conclusión de forma remota, este tipo de pruebas de laboratorio también promueve una educación más accesible e inclusiva.
Leaders, Followers and Depth of Connection
Authors: Avery Mark , Stankunas Mindaugas
Published: July 2024

Leading and leadership are fundamentally about relationships between a leader and those who want to follow to achieve directions through an influencing relationship [1]. Critical relationship issues involve trust, communication and mutual respect. In healthcare, how these issues are nurtured and managed enhances teamwork, quality, productivity and impact or success of organisation and systems.
A key aspect of the leadership process is for leaders and followers to engage effectively and constructively to achieve the articulated goals and objectives set out by the leader(s). Various leadership styles articulate the mechanisms and ways of leaders and followers connecting. An interesting way of looking at how a leader might relate to a team or group is to consider social identity theory.......
REVIEW: Behind the war on Gaza – how Israel profits globally from repression
Authors: Robie David
Published: July 2024

The Palestine Laboratory: How Israel exports the technology of occupation around the world, by Antony Loewenstein. Melbourne: Scribe Publications, 2023. 265 pages. ISBN 9781922310408.
JUST MONTHS before the outbreak of the genocidal Israeli war on Gaza after the deadly assault on southern Israel by Hamas resistance fighters on 7 October 2023, Australian-German investigative journalist and researcher Antony Loewenstein published an extraordinarily timely book, The Palestine Laboratory. In it he warned that a worst-case scenario—‘long feared but never realised, is ethnic cleansing against occupied Palestinians or population transfer, forcible expulsion under the guise of national security’.
Characterization of Celosia argentea Linn. germplasm using ISSR markers
Authors: Olawuyi Odunayo Joseph ,   Genetics and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Botany, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Email: olawuyiodunayo@yahoo.com., Misbahudeen Haneefah Lola , Odimayo Oluwagbade Joseph , Faneye Adedayo Omotayo , Olowe Olumayowa Mary , Akanmu Akinlolu Olalekan ,   Genetics and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Botany, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Corresponding author: olawuyiodunayo@yahoo.com.,   Department of Virology, University Teaching Hospital (UCH), University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Corresponding author: olawuyiodunayo@yahoo.com.,   Genetics and Molecular Biology Unit, Department of Botany, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Corresponding author: olawuyiodunayo@yahoo.com.,   Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa. Corresponding author: olawuyiodunayo@yahoo.com.,   Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa. Corresponding author: olawuyiodunayo@yahoo.com.
Published: July 2024

Celosia argentea is an annual leafy vegetable popularly known for its dietary and medicinal values. Hence, it is important to preserve and further improve this vegetable to enhance its numerous benefits. This study therefore investigated the genetic variability among different genotypes of C. argentea using ISSR primers. A total of 15 C. argentea genotypes were sourced from National Centre for Genetic Resources and Biotechnology (NACGRAB) in Ibadan, Nigeria and 10 genotypes sourced from different markets. The open field experiment was set up in a completely randomized design. Seeds of each cultivar were grown, and seedlings transplanted. Fresh young apical leaves were harvested. DNA was extracted from young frozen apical leaves. Six ISSR primers were optimized and used in PCR with a touch-down procedure in a thermocycler. Agarose gel electrophoresis was performed, and bands were visualized. Molecular data was analyzed for total gene diversity, while morphological data was analyzed using ANOVA. The genotypes of NGB recorded the highest mean performance for plant height, leaf biomass and seed weight, while the A00 genotypes were observed to have higher values of leaf length, leaf area and root biomass. The principal component analysis showed that the first component accounted for 42% of the total variation. The correlation matrix for growth, agronomic and yield characters show highly significant positive relationship among the growth characters at P 0.05. Primer UBC-866(CTC)6 was highly polymorphic. Genotype A005 performed best for growth characters while NGB00182 performed best for yield characters. Genetic assessment and improvements in C. argenta germplasm play key role in future studies and improvements of vegetable crop.
Keywords: Celosia argentea, germplasm, genomic DNA, ISSR primers.
YOUGONOSTALGIE, YOUGOSPHERE CULTURELLE ET MEMOIRE DE / POUR L’AVENIR
Authors: IORGA Alina
Published: July 2024

Yugonostalgia, cultural yugosphere and memory of / for the future. By counterbalancing the instrumentalization of the ethno-nationalist restorative nostalgia – which was not only the affective and imaginary fuel of the mnemonic wars fought, starting from the 80s, on the territory of “the country that no longer exists”, but also that of both the subsequent tragedies and cultural-political polarizations –, Yugonostalgia emerged in the painful 90s as a privileged form of post-Yugoslav mnemonic imagination. Against the background of the persistent mnemonic conflicts within the region, the multidirectional/ agonistic Yugonostalgic memory appears nowadays as a catalyst of the emotional and ethical commitment with the recent past, particularly able to inspire “visions of a better future”.
LEADERSHIP. DECISION-MAKING. LEGITIMACY. HOW DELIBERATIVE ARE THE LABOR UNIONS IN ROMANIA?
Authors: COSMA Diana Cristina , MIȘCOIU Sergiu
Published: July 2024

Deliberative democracy theory highlighted democratic deliberation as a modus operandi for facilitating group decision-making. In 2023, members of Romanian labor unions in several sectors took to the streets in strikes and protests, demanding higher revenues and better work conditions. Nevertheless, misunderstandings and internal ruptures shadowed their noble ends and fueled mistrust amongst unionists. This dynamic reminds rather of interest party politics as it employs vertical power relations, influenced by social and professional background segmentation. One question that reasonably arises in this context is how deliberative the decision-making process is within the unions in Romania. We specifically analyze elements of deliberative organizational leadership and the power relations within labor unions through a qualitative study in the form of interviews.
LETTING GO OF THE HUMANITARIAN PRINCIPLES IN COMPLEX EMERGENCIES? A CASE STUDY OF CIVIL-MILITARY COOPERATION IN THE EASTERN DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO
Authors: MUSEKA Nickson Bondo
Published: July 2024

Civil-military cooperation (CIMIC) has officially emerged as a coordinated strategy between the United Nations peacekeeping missions and humanitarian non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to enable access to people in need of assistance in complex emergencies. However, this integrated approach raises serious concerns regarding the respect of traditional principles of humanitarian action: humanity, impartiality, neutrality, and independence. While some humanitarian NGOs are opposed to any form of collaboration with the military, others believe this cooperation is very important to enable access and provide aid to civilians in needs. Using the case study of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), this article analyses the impact of the CIMIC integrated approach between the United Nations Peacekeeping and Stabilization Mission in the DRC (MONUSCO) and humanitarian NGOs on the afore-mentioned principles of humanitarian action. It argues that most humanitarian NGOs that are operating in the Eastern DRC are opposed to the CIMIC’s integrated approach as it pushes them to violate the principles of neutrality, independence, and impartiality. Second, CIMIC increases the danger of humanitarian workers to be targeted by illegal armed groups. Third, despite their integrated approach, both MONUSCO and humanitarian actors have not been able to pacify the Eastern DRC, end the humanitarian needs of the population, or improve their effectiveness.
ENIGMA OF SUB-REGIONAL INTEGRATION IN AFRICA: THE CASE OF THE ECONOMIC AND MONETARY COMMUNITY OF CENTRAL AFRICA (CEMAC), 1994-2020
Authors: FUH George Kum
Published: July 2024

This chapter examines the enigma of Sub-regional economic integration in the Communauté Economique et Monétaire de l’Afrique Central (CEMAC) zone. The sub-regional integration idea was born out of the need for a united Africa during the immediate independence period, to be achieved through a gradual, but steady process. Although instituted in 1994, CEMAC was a re-make of the Economic and Customs Union of Central Africa (UDEAC) created in 1964. CEMAC was established, to promote sub-regional integration among central African states that shared a common legal tender, the CFA franc, through the promotion of trade, a genuine common market and greater solidarity. Albeit recording some inroads, CEMAC lagged behind its objectives, due to tardiness and overall poor implementation of policies, limited technical capacity, divergent attitudes of member states towards integration and absence of sanctions against states that disrespect community norms. The chapter sustains that such diverse political, economic, and socio-cultural impediments could only be halted through a joint approach, for remedial renewal by all stakeholders for a truly integrated economic CEMAC sub-region. This investigation shall be based on secondary and primary data, interpreted qualitatively and presented thematically.
THE EU AND THE ABRAHAM ACCORDS: FROM SCEPTICISM TO ENGAGEMENT
Authors: BISMUTH Boaz
Published: July 2024

The Abraham accords signed in Washington in September 2020, a series of joint normalization statements between Israel the UAE and Bahrain followed by Morocco in December 2020, were a game changer in the Middle East. Those Accords provide the pathway to the end of the Arab Israeli conflict and a future of peace, tolerance and opportunity in the Middle East and around the world. Those accords proved that there is a new way for negotiations in the Middle East. One could have been surprised that the EU was not engaged in the Accords when signed. The fact that Europeans believe in the two-state solution as the only solution and the fact that the American President Donald Trump was behind the Accords made Europe skeptical to the Accords. But reality made the difference: The war in Ukraine brought its challenges and Iran’s interference in the conflict (supplying drones to Russian’s army) provoked a real concern in Europe. The Iranian nuclear program seemed again a threat to the west and not only to Israel and Gulf countries. conflict management played a role. This paper depicts how Europe went from skepticism to engagement concerning the Abraham Accords. Geo-political interests were clear: geopolitical realignment, a great potential for Africa and energy and food supply potential in connection to those Accords. Furthermore, cooperation as well as development in foreign affairs played a role in Europeans’ choice.
POPULIST RESSENTIMENT IN A MEDIATED CONTEXT
Authors: MARTIN Claudiu
Published: July 2024

The aim of this article is to review the role that emotions play in populism, specifically ressentiment, and how it is strategically used on social media platforms to create polarization. Firstly, I define the two of the main characteristics that populism has had over time: the agonistic struggle between a people and an elite, and charismatic leadership. Secondly, I examine the significance of resentment as a political emotion and how it operates in extreme right-wing populism. Thirdly, I review how resentment has been applied in the context of social media and how these platforms offer the most effective means to generate social mobilization based on emotions through storytelling, which can anticipate the reactions of the public or users.
MIDDLE POWERS AS MEDIATORS: THE ROLE OF TÜRKIYE AND BRAZIL IN THE JCPOA, THE UKRAINIAN GRAIN DEAL, AND FURTHER DEVELOPMENTS IN THE WAR IN UKRAINE
Authors: CALOIANU AnaMaria Florina
Published: July 2024

Characterized by their ability to impact the world order without having superpower status, middle powers contribute significantly to maintaining global stability and fostering notable advancements. The notion of middle powers is longstanding in international relations, with its roots traceable in the writings of the Italian 16th century thinker Giovanni Botero. The literature concerning middle powers is full of debates and considerations about their definitions, characteristics, and objectives. Türkiye and Brazil have been chosen as primary subjects of this study to exemplify the growing role of middle powers as mediators due to their involvement in international negotiations.
Las dos congregaciones medievales de Las Huelgas de Burgos
Authors: Baury Ghislain
Published: July 2024

Esta investigación propone una nueva lectura de la documentación de Las Huelgas de Burgos y de los monasterios de monjas cistercienses bajo su autoridad entre 1187 y 1540. La institución que formaron fue mucho más inestable de lo que se pensaba. Cabe distinguir dos congregaciones distintas. La primera se creó, en teoría, en 1189 y tuvo vigencia jurídica en el siglo XIII, pero no tuvo efectos concretos. La segunda se creó de nuevo en los años 1370, con otros miembros, y fue creciendo a lo largo del periodo estudiado. Esta sí tuvo efectos, en particular en las elecciones de abadesas.
Mujeres indígenas en Relaciones Internacionales
Authors: Urbieta Hernández Roque
Published: July 2024

El movimiento de mujeres indígenas en América Latina y el Caribe en la segunda década del siglo XX revolucionó la disciplina de las Relaciones Internacionales (RI), al reinterpretar los marcos teórico-metodológicos en su deseo de comprender el mundo diplomático. Desde una perspectiva crítica, las mujeres indígenas mexicanas continúan demostrando la importancia de tomar conciencia de los rituales como actos performativos que resignifican las estructuras institucionales, las normas y el orden, en una redefinición de la visión sobre la gobernanza global. Al incorporar nuevas aproximaciones metodológicas basadas en la ética de cuidados y reciprocidad en escenarios violentos, este artículo responde con el método del análisis crítico del discurso, como experiencia del habla y del texto, a la pregunta sobre si el acceso de las mujeres indígenas a los espacios internacionales es una caracterización de la paradiplomacia o, más bien, el “buen vivir” de un momento histórico en el surgimiento de una diplomacia indígena con rostro femenino en un mundo globalizado.
Ventilación de espacios educativos en el contexto de COVID-19 en Puerto Madryn, Argentina
Authors: Pessacg Natalia L. , Taire Damián
Published: July 2024

La buena calidad del aire interior y el confort térmico en las aulas educativas, especialmente en lo que respecta a las infancias, no sólo es relevante para disminuir el contagio de numerosas enfermedades respiratorias entre ellas la causada por el SARS-CoV-2, sino que también favorece la concentración, mejora los niveles de satisfacción con el entorno y disminuye las tasas de ausentismo escolar.
En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de las mediciones de concentración de CO2 que se realizaron en el interior de aulas de jardines y escuelas de nivel inicial de la ciudad de Puerto Madryn, Argentina, en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19. Esto permitió evaluar los niveles de CO2 en las aulas y colaborar con las instituciones educativas en verificar si la ventilación que estaban realizando era la adecuada con el fin de disminuir el riesgo de contagio de COVID-19.
Los resultados evidenciaron que una ventilación natural continua disminuye la concentración de CO2 de las aulas, lo que indica un menor riesgo de contagio de COVID-19, pero que bajo condiciones ambientales no favorables es complejo de implementar por lo que es necesario innovar con nuevas soluciones simples a las deficiencias de los sistemas actuales de ventilación en las instituciones educativas de nuestro país.
Orthodoxy and Literacy as Factors in Preserving Nagaibak Ethnic Group
Authors: Shulezhkova S. G.
Published: July 2024

This article addresses the issue of the threat of disappearance facing the Nagaibak people, one of the small ethnic groups in Russia. The Nagaibaks are a non-literate ethnic group, whose population is steadily declining. In the 19th century, there were over 12,000 of them, but today there are just over 5,700 individuals. The identity of the Nagaibaks is based on collective memory, rooted in Orthodoxy, Cossack heritage, and their unique Turkic language. The relevance of this study lies in the necessity of preserving a people whose distinctive culture is of great interest to modern historians, ethnographers, and art scholars. The aim of this research is to demonstrate the originality of the Nagaibak language and the significant role of Orthodoxy in their fate, as well as to identify ways to save the ethnic group from assimilation into neighboring nations. The novelty of this work lies in its emphasis on the collective memory of the Nagaibaks, reflected in their spoken language, folklore, prayers, holiday names, rituals, and attributes. A linguistic project is presented, the implementation of which will lead to the introduction of Nagaibak script. In addition to supporting Orthodox worship, dictionaries published with the author’s involvement, a Russian-Nagaibak phrasebook, the development of an alphabet, grammar, and a guide for Nagaibak language teachers will ensure the preservation of this unique ethnic group in multicultural Russia.
Representation of Novorossiya in “Journey Across Crimea and Bessarabia in 1799” by Pavel Sumarokov
Authors: Zhdanov S. S.
Published: July 2024

This study explores the representation of Novorossiya’s space in Pavel Sumarokov’s travelogue “Journey Across Crimea and Bessarabia in 1799” within the framework of semiotic-imagological analysis. The research’s relevance stems from the growing interest of domestic humanities in Novorossiysk issues, which exhibit certain lacunae. The novelty of the study lies in the analysis of spatial imagery elements of Novorossiya, primarily limited to descriptions of the surroundings of Nikolaev, Kherson, and Odessa, areas relatively understudied in literary studies. Loci types are identified based on the opposition of “naturalness — anthropogenicity.” The natural space is predominantly portrayed as untamed, dangerous, and inhospitable steppe, contrasted with spatial images of three major Novorossiysk cities mentioned above. Common motifs of sudden (miraculous) appearance, rapid growth, and high degree of orderliness are attributed to the latter. The motif of frontierness is identified as a fundamental element characteristic of the entire Novorossiya space. It is also actualized in the analysis of Sumarokov’s representation of Novorossiya’s historical space, whose core meaning is formed by plots and personae associated with the era of Catherine II and, specifically, the Russo-Turkish wars.
Translation of Michelangelo’s Fifth Sonnet by Vyacheslav Ivanov: Issue of Equivalency and Translation Transformations
Authors: Kikhney L. G. , Ustinovskaya A. A.
Published: July 2024

This article focuses on the translation of Michelangelo Buonarroti’s fifth sonnet by Vyacheslav Ivanov in 1925. The sources used include the translated text and the manuscript of the original text, accompanied by the author’s drawing. Comparative analysis results of Ivanov’s translation and a literal translation by the authors are presented. It emphasizes Michelangelo’s original concept related to deforming the sonnet form (20 lines instead of 14, with two additional tercets added), resonating with the sonnet’s content, specifically describing his physical sufferings and uncomfortable poses while painting the Sistine Chapel ceiling. Attention is given to the author’s drawing, highlighting the division of the lyrical subject and his doubts about the effectiveness of his work. Commentary is provided on Vyacheslav Ivanov’s translation decisions for this sonnet, linked to his poetic and aesthetic principles. A symbolist interpretation of the sonnet’s key antithesis is explored: Michelangelo portrays the lyrical subject as a “Syrian bow” (a phrase denoting a bow that never misses) and a “crooked crossbow”, interpreting his doubts through images of projectile weapons overcoming him. The translator interprets this antithesis through the classical contrast of “poet and crowd”, indicating that the artist fears condemnation and requires protection.
Russian World in Yakut Heroic Epic Olonkho
Authors: Kuzmina A. A.
Published: July 2024

This article evaluates the impact of Russian culture on the Yakut epic, Olonkho. The emergence and evolution of the Russian character in Olonkho are analyzed. Texts from various local traditions and time periods of Olonkho serve as the research material. The study employs a historical poetics approach, showcasing the evolution and changes in the portrayal of the Russian character in Yakut epic texts, considering the territorial and temporal differences in the texts and the individual characteristics of storytellers. It is determined that the semantics of this character transform from “foreign” to “native”. The Russian character in Yakut heroic epic texts initially appears through epic formulas, comparisons, and epithets, manifesting foreignness and alienation. Subsequently, the Russian individual becomes a character participating in the Olonkho plot. A transition from “foreign” to “different,” “other” is observed: intermediary zones (the meeting place of heaven and earth, forests, mountains) start resembling objects belonging to Russians. When Russian material culture aligned with the life and customs of the Yakuts, objects adopted from Russians began resembling parts of the main hero’s (bogatyr) body, vividly demonstrating the incorporation of the Russian character into the category of “ours.” References to certain realities of Orthodox Christianity are also made in Olonkho. Images of Baba Yaga, Zmey Gorynych, the forest spirit, motifs of path selection are borrowed from Russian fairy tales and myths. Russian names, names of Russian cities and places, among others, are mentioned.
Dynamics of Ecological Issues Reflection in Semantic Content of Lexeme ‘zelenyy’ [green] (Dictionary Definitions and Associative Experiments)
Authors: Vasilyeva G. M. , Vinogradova M. V.
Published: July 2024

This article aims to identify the dynamics of the semantic scope of the lexeme ‘zelenyy’ [green] based on dictionary definitions and modern associative experiments. In the dictionaries of the XX century, the lexeme ‘zelenyy’ [green] was not associated with the semantic field of “Ecology”. However, in XXI century dictionaries, there is a tendency for the semantic derivative of this word to enter the sphere of designations for various phenomena related to environmental protection. A comparison of dictionaries’ associative norms from different years and modern associative experiments revealed a noticeable dynamic in the ecological component of the associative field of “Zelenyy” [Green]. Correlations between the dynamics of semantic processes and the linguistic consciousness of Russian students are traced. It is established that there is a leading expansion of the ecological component in linguistic consciousness compared to the dynamics of the word’s semantic scope. The differences found can be explained not only by external factors (ecological processes and changes in the state’s environmental policy) but also by value changes in the consciousness of the younger generation. The analysis of associative fields reveals a conceptual shift in the content of the word, namely, a transformation of its content from the sphere of physical objects and processes to the sphere of evaluative relationships. The ambivalent evaluation of the stimulus recorded in the modern experiment reflects the contradictory characteristics of the “green movement” and allows for predicting further derivational trends in the semantics of the lexeme ‘zelenyy’ [green].
Adaptation of Sharia Law to Russian Criminal Law by Population of Western Turkestan and Siberian Bukharans in Late 18th — Early 20th Centuries
Authors: Naumenko O. N. , Abdullaev U. I.
Published: July 2024

This article examines the state policy of aligning Muslim law with Russian legislation in different cultural-historical contexts. It is demonstrated that the implementation of this mechanism was carried out among the Siberian Bukharans in the late 18th century, and from the second half of the 19th century, these methods were applied to Western Turkestan under the protectorate of the Russian Empire. Sources include documents from the Central State Archive of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the State Archive of the Tyumen Region in Tobolsk. The re-search methodology is based on the systems theory of K. L. von Bertalanffy, utilizing comparative-historical and comparative-legal research methods. The authors conclude that the dissonance between Russian legislation and Western Turkestan not only reflected differences between two distinct legal systems and religious-legal cultures but primarily highlighted the gap between medieval and contemporary legal concepts for that time. The adaptation of Western Turkestan to Russian legislation shaped unified legal concepts and paved the way for transforming the multi-confessional population of the Russian Empire into a unified civic entity. This laid the groundwork for the coexistence of Uzbekistan and Russia within the USSR and later facilitated the development of an independent Uzbekistan using legislation closely aligned with Russian and European legal systems.
Communalism Factor in Evolution of Political Situation in British India (1920s-1930s)
Authors: Sagimbaev A. V.
Published: July 2024

This article delves into specific aspects of complex political processes that unfolded in the interwar decades in British India, serving as the foundation for the subsequent decolonization of Hindustan. Drawing from an analysis of documentary sources and literary works, a comprehensive overview is provided regarding the factors shaping Indian communalism and the conceptual perspectives of its proponents during the period under review. The study concludes on the contradictory nature of colonial policy during this period. On one hand, it contributed to the formation of elements of political culture within Indian society and to some extent laid the groundwork for India’s future federative system. On the other hand, its aim was to deepen divisions among various ethno-confessional and social groups of the Indian population to solidify control over a key segment of the British colonial system. The actions of colonial authorities significantly exacerbated relations between key ethno-confessional groups of the Indian population by the late 1930s, setting the stage for the dramatic post-World War II processes leading to the partition of British India into two sovereign entities. The complex relations between these entities largely shape the contemporary character of international relations in South Asia.
Discourse Markers in Works of Russian Linguists: Functional-Pragmatic and Functional-Semantic Approaches
Authors: Kuleshova A. V. , Slastnikova T. V.
Published: July 2024

This article addresses the issue of discourse markers as illuminated by the works of Russian scholars. The relevance of the study is justified by the necessity of theoretical understanding of existing scientific approaches to the examination of these linguistic units. A review of scholarly works from the XX—XXI centuries is conducted. Key positions in the interpretation of discourse markers within linguistic approaches such as functional-pragmatic and functional-semantic are characterized. Attention is given to aspects of studying this linguistic phenomenon, such as terminological nomination and belonging to a language class or category. The functions of discourse markers in each of the identified approaches are discussed in the article. The polyfunctionality of individual discourse markers is noted. The results of a comparative analysis of current typologies and classifications are presented. As a result, the authors conclude on the necessity of classifying discourse markers based on several indicators of these linguistic units. The predominance of the functional-pragmatic approach in discourse marker research is acknowledged. The unresolved issue of terminological nomination is recognized. The potential for further research in the field of discourse markers from the perspective of other approaches is highlighted.
Determination of biological activity of ethanol extracts of date-plum (Diospyros lotus) fruits and seeds growing in Turkey
Authors: Uçar Esra
Published: July 2024

This study was carried out to evaluate quality criteria such as chemical composition and antioxidant and antibacterial activity values in 80% ethanol extracts of date-plum (Diospyros lotus) fruits and seeds. In addition, the macro and microelement concentrations of fruits and seeds were also investigated. According to the data obtained, when fruit and seed were compared, it was determined that the seed (81.72%) contained more components than the fruit (79.4%), and the antioxidant activity of the seed was also higher. While the main component of the seed was “Methyl hydrogen disulfide” with 43.21%, the main component of the fruit was “5-Hydroxymethylfurfural” with 24.2%. As a result of antimicrobial activity tests, neither seeds nor fruits have antimicrobial activity. At the same time, the nutritional content values of the seeds and fruits of this plant were analyzed and evaluated. When the data obtained are evaluated in terms of both macro and micronutrients, it has been observed that the nutritional content values of the fruit (K (3.63%), P (0.68 %), Cu (24.31%), Zn (10.49 mg kg–1) and Mn (25.29 mg kg–1) for fruits) are higher than the seeds. In conclusion, the findings from the evaluation of Diospyros lotus fruit and seeds in this study highlight the richness in chemical composition and high antioxidant activity of the seeds, as well as the nutritional superiority of the fruit. Therefore, further research to better understand and harness the potential health benefits of this plant could contribute to a deeper understanding of this field.
Determining appropriate methods for estimating pollen viability and germination rates in lisianthus
Authors: Kılıç Tuğba , Sinanoğlu Ebru , Kırbay Emine , Kazaz Soner , Ercişli Sezai
Published: July 2024

Crossbreeding is a multi-stage process with inherent challenges and risks in developing new varieties. Success hinges on selecting highly fertile parents. In species like lisianthus, uncertainty persists regarding the optimal methods for assessing pollen quality, which is crucial for evaluating pollen parent fertility. This study seeks to identify the most reliable techniques for this purpose. Fresh and dead pollen from four lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum) varieties was used. The dead pollen was obtained by thermal inactivation. Five chemical staining methods (iodine-potassium iodide, 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride – TTC, lactophenol cotton blue, safranin, acetocarmine) were employed to assess pollen viability, and two biological methods (Petri dishes, hanging drops) were used to determine the germination rate. Four solid medium cultures were employed in Petri dishes, while the hanging drop utilised four liquid medium cultures. Thirteen tests were conducted for each variety, evaluating fresh and dead pollen. The study found significant variations in pollen quality among lisianthus varieties and methods. Fresh pollen showed viability rates ranging from 56.87% to 99.41% and germination rates from 0.20% to 45.11%. TTC exhibited the lowest viability rate across all varieties, while the highest germination rate was observed in the liquid culture medium with only boric acid and PEG1500. Notably, TTC was the sole viability method that did not stain dead pollen, and no germination occurred in any method for dead pollen. TTC is the most reliable staining method, and a liquid culture medium with boric acid and PEG1500 effectively determines lisianthus pollen quality. Varying boric acid and PEG1500 concentrations are advisable.
Prácticas de ahorro de agua doméstica y su relación con la micromedición y la percepción del cambio climático en hogares mexicanos
Authors:   Centro de Estudios del Desarrollo, El Colegio de Sonora, Hermosillo, Sonora, México, Lutz-Ley América N. , Reyes-Castro Pablo A. ,   Centro de Estudios en Salud y Sociedad, El Colegio de Sonora, Hermosillo, Sonora, México
Published: July 2024

Una de las consecuencias más importantes del cambio climático para México se relaciona con un menor acceso a cantidades y calidades de agua suficientes para los usos humanos y ambientales. El ahorro de agua doméstica se enmarca en dicho contexto como una medida de adaptación frente el cambio climático. El objetivo de este trabajo es explorar los factores que afectan el ahorro de agua en hogares mexicanos. Para ello, se utilizan datos de más de 13 mil hogares de la Encuesta Nacional de los Hogares (ENH) desarrollada en 2017, y del Módulo de Hogares y Medio Ambiente aplicado ese año con la ENH. A través de análisis de regresión se prueba el efecto de factores sociodemográficos (edad, sexo, nivel educativo y tamaño de localidad), de gestión (forma de cobro del servicio) y climáticos (percepción de cambios en temperatura, precipitación y fenómenos extremos) como predictores de prácticas de ahorro de agua en hogares urbanos y rurales. Los hallazgos apuntan a un efecto estadísticamente significativo y positivo del cobro del agua a través de micromedición; así como efectos significativos, pero menores, de la percepción de mayor temperatura, cambios en la lluvia, e impactos de fenómenos climáticos en el hogar, como factores relacionados positivamente con prácticas de ahorro de agua doméstica.
Evaluación de la eficacia del tamarindo como ayudante de coagulación de sulfato de aluminio para la remoción de turbidez en aguas para consumo humano
Authors:   Universidad Peruana Unión, San Román, Perú, Villanueva-Barragan Luz Melynca , Quispe-Chahuara Luz Clarita ,   Universidad Peruana Unión, San Román, Perú, Vigo-Rivera Juan Eduardo ,   Universidad Peruana Unión, San Román, Perú
Published: July 2024

La coagulación es un proceso esencial en el tratamiento de aguas, por lo que requiere la adición de floculantes químicos. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar la eficiencia de la pepa, cáscara y pulpa del tamarindo, como ayudante de coagulación de sulfato de aluminio para la remoción de turbidez en aguas para consumo humano. Se aplicó un diseño experimental completamente al azar 6Ax6B de dos factores: factor A: seis tratamientos; factor B: concentraciones aplicadas (correspondientes a las seis dosis) con tres repeticiones por tratamiento; se aplicó la metodología Cepis con pruebas de jarras (300 y 40 rpm en mezcla rápida y floculación) para evaluar la turbidez en seis concentraciones (25, 30, 35, 40, 45 y 50 mg/l), aplicado en muestras simuladas de 100 UNT, encontrando que el tratamiento 4 presentó un porcentaje de remoción (96.6%) reduciendo a una turbidez de 3.40 UNTM; por otro lado, los tratamientos 1, 2, 5 y 6 presentaron una diferencia no significativa, con porcentajes de remoción promedio de 57.12, 57.02, 61.70 y 67.73%, respectivamente; el tratamiento 3 presentó el valor más bajo de remoción. El tratamiento 4 presentó un valor superior a los demás tratamientos. Por esa razón, la pepa de tamarindo es eficiente en la potabilización de las aguas como ayudante de coagulación de sulfato de aluminio.