bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Iterating nonlinear contractive mappings in Banach spaces
Authors:   FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS TON DUC THANG UNIVERSITY HO CHI MINH CITY, VIETNAM Email address: zoran.mitrovic@tdtu.edu.vn, MITROVIC ZORAN D. , RADENOVIC STOJAN ,   UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE FACULTY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING KRALJICE MARIJE 16, 11120 BEOGRAD 35, SERBIA Email address: radens@beotel.rs, REICH SIMEON ,   DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS THE TECHNION–ISRAEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 32000 HAIFA, ISRAEL Email address: sreich@technion.ac.il, ZASLAVSKI ALEXANDER J. ,   DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS THE TECHNION–ISRAEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 32000 HAIFA, ISRAEL Email address: ajzasl@technion.ac.il
Published: April 2021

We introduce a new class of nonlinear contractive mappings in Banach spaces, study their iterates and establish a fixed point theorem for them.
A study in the fixed point theory for a new iterative scheme and a class of generalized mappings
Authors:   DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER ENGINEERING ARTVIN CORUH UNIVERSITY ARTVIN, TURKEY E-mail address: dogankadri@hotmail.com, DOGAN KADRI , KARAKAYA VATAN ,   DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICAL ENGINEERING YILDIZ TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY DAVUTPASA CAMPUS ESENLER, 34210 ISTANBUL,TURKEY E-mail address: vkkaya@yahoo.com
Published: April 2021

In this study, we introduce a new iteration scheme and prove the strong convergence result for this iteration method. We also compare the rate of convergence with the iterative scheme and the fixed point iteration scheme known as Picard-S due to Gursoy. Then we prove that this new iteration method is equivalent to convergence of the iteration schemes given in the introduction section of the manuscript. Moreover, we show the result of its data dependency.
Conformable fractional integral inequalities for some convex functions
Authors:   DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS ORDU UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SCIENCE AND ARTS, ORDU, TURKEY, SET ERHAN , CELIK BARIS ,   DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS ORDU UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SCIENCE AND ARTS, ORDU, TURKEY, GOZPINAR ABDURRAHMAN ,   DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS ORDU UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SCIENCE AND ARTS, ORDU, TURKEY
Published: April 2021

The main purpose of this paper is to present new Hermite-Hadamard’s type inequalities for functions that belongs to the classes of Q(I), P(I), SX(h, I) and r-convex via conformable fractional integrals . The results presented here would provide extensions of those given in earlier works
NON-ORGANIZATIONAL LEISURE PREFERENCES OF MILITARY PERSONNEL OF THE NATIONAL GUARD OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Balandina T. M. , Mikhailov V. A.
Published: April 2021

In the modern world, leisure is one of the most important components of a person’s time budget, including military personnel. Many scientific papers have been devoted to its study. The article deals with the concept of leisure category and its meaning. For military personnel of the national guard of the Russian Federation, the goal of leisure is not only to restore spiritual and physical strength, but also to improve their education, Outlook, and physical development. Leisure in the life of military personnel plays an important role, as it is aimed at restoring and developing spiritual and physical strength, family cohesion, personal self-improvement, expanding horizons, as well as the transfer of life experience and moral values. On the basis of a sociological study conducted by the questionnaire method, the non-organizational leisure preferences of various groups of military personnel are analyzed. Non-organizational leisure is divided into home and non-home leisure.
When conducting out-of-home leisure activities, the respondents of the first group give the greatest preference to entertainment forms of leisure (visiting cinemas, recreation parks, cafes, sports events), the respondents of the second group, in addition to entertainment forms of leisure, prefer spiritual and moral (visiting theaters, museums, religious institutions). When considering home forms of leisure, it was found that the leisure practices of the respondents of the first and second groups coincide. Despite the fact that the representatives of the first group one of the main leisure activities is self-education, they, unfortunately, exclude such leisure activities as visiting theaters, museums and organizing family performances. In our opinion, these types of leisure contribute to the moral and spiritual development of the individual and increase his self-education.
Despite the fact that the results of the study showed that more than 80% of the surveyed military personnel are satisfied with their leisure time and carry out its planning, a number of negative factors have been identified that affect the implementation of leisure practices in full. If the main negative factors for the respondents of the second group are physiological, i.e. fatigue after work, then the respondents of the first group note equally the material (lack of money) and temporary (lack of time) factors, as well as the physiological factor (fatigue after work). The material factor noted by military personnel of the first group for the reason that their pay does not match the standard of living, as money reform the military, conducted in 2012, did not give the expected results in improving the material well-being of privates and sergeants.
Effect of Dust and High Temperature on Photovoltaics Performance in the New Capital Area
Authors: Elshazly Engy , Abd  El-Rehim Ahmed Α. , Kader Amr Abdel , El-Mahallawi Iman
Published: April 2021

The trend for integrating solar Photovoltaic Panels as an alternative renewable and sustainable energy source is growing in Egypt, North Africa and the Middle East. However, these efforts are not widely accepted by the society due to their lower efficiencies. The efficiency of the photovoltaic panels is affected by many environmental parameters, which have a negative impact on system efficiency and cost of energy, dust and increased panel temperatures being the most serious. This work presents the results of a case study conducted at The British University in Egypt at El-Sherouk city to study the effect of different parameters such as dust accumulation, water cooling and coating on their performance of both mono- and poly-crystalline panels at El-Sherouk City. The effects of high temperature and dust accumulation on different solar panels placed in natural outdoor conditions at El-Sherouk City were studied and the electrical performance of dusted, cleaned, and cooled PV panels is presented. The variation in the efficiency of mono-crystalline panels installed at different tilt angles, resulting from the accumulation of dust on their surface, was also studied. The results showed that the accumulation of dust on the surface of different types of solar panels can reduce the efficiency by 30%. While the high temperature can reduce the efficiency by up to 10 %. The results showed that the power reduction percentage was 17%, 20%, 25%, 27% and 30% for tilt angles 60°,45°,30°,15° and 0°; respectively. Tilt angles 15° and 30° showed to be optimal for the installation of the PV solar system, as they resulted the highest amount of output power
Techniques of Geomatics and Soft Computing for the Monitoring of Infrastructures and the Management of Big Data
Authors: Bernardo Ernesto , Bonfa Stefano , Calcagno Salvatore
Published: April 2021

The proposed research activity is based on the study and development of advanced survey and monitoring techniques for the control and mapping of road infrastructures. Specifically, we want to create an automated monitoring system mainly through the use of drones that at pre-established time steps acquire the data necessary for the continuous monitoring of the functional characteristics of the road infrastructure and the public usability of dynamic data. Subsequently, through the implementation of algorithms dedicated to the management of the amount of georeferenced data acquired - big data - the same will be represented on GIS (Geographic Information System) platforms as "open and updatable" thematic cartography, which can be integrated with further data collected both with of traditional Geomatics (GNSS receivers, motorized total station and 3D laser scanner) and innovative ones (remote sensing, Mobile Mapping Systems (road vehicles and UAVs)). This context also includes the establishment and updating of the Road Cadastre, introduced by the Ministerial Decree of 01/06/2001 No. 6, intended as an IT tool for archiving, viewing, querying and managing all the data that the body owner / manager owns on its own road network.
Energy Optimization and Management in a Building Using Clean Energy
Authors: Abdelghani Hajji , Yahya Lahlou , Ahmed Abbou
Published: April 2021

To lower the production of greenhouse gases while covering energy needs, it is necessary to exploit renewable energies in the urban environment and manage energy production and consumption as well. In this work, we interested in the study of a house using renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic (PV) panels, thermal panels and wind turbines (WT). The energy consumption happens through electrical charges like the refrigerator, the heat pump, the lighting... The main objective of this work is to change the operating time of secondary loads and to propose an energy management algorithm. Firstly, we will model the consumption of electrical charges and move the operation of secondary charges to moderate the consumed energy. Finally, we suggested an algorithm to manage and optimize energy production and consumption. The results show that the displacement of secondary loads reduces over 8.5% of the energy bill and the suggested algorithm optimizes the operation of the energy production equipment while covering the energy needs of the inhabitants.
Technical and Economic Study of Powering Poultry Farm in Egypt Using PV-Biomass on-grid Energy Generation System: Case Study
Authors: Boghdady T. A. , Alamer Ali J. , Yousef Mina M. , Elshafee Ahmed M. , Hassan M. A. Mostafa , Seif A. Monem
Published: April 2021

The main goal of this work is to find economical alternative energy supply solution for poultry industry in Egypt. By studying the economic feasibility of using hybrid renewable energy resources as main source of power for existing poultry farm in Egypt to reduce existing operational cost of energy and add resilience and reliability dimensions for the operation of poultry farm in rural locations. In addition to reducing the environmental impact of using poultry litter in its fundamental form. This hybrid system connected to grid is used in the company to avoid instability problem in which the company suffered when they applied biomass energy source as main power source to their farm in Lebanon. The grid will be used as energy storage during the excess energy production form the hybrid system and to add some resilience and reliability dimensions to the hybrid system to prevent instability to the farm ‘s grid due to the high penetration of renewable energy. The economic feasibility is evaluated of this configuration using HOMER versus different configurations and sizes for these systems including the existing situation of depending only on grid as main source of energy. The results showed that the best configuration is 400 kW biomass generator, and 500 kW PV plant will satisfy the average demanded load of 9660 kWh daily with using the grid as backup energy source. The cost of energy for this configuration will be 0.0894 $/kWh which is lower than continuing existing situation depending on the grid as main source of power in which its Cost of Energy (COE) will reach during the lifetime of the project to 0.184 $/kWh due to the increase in COE in Egypt by 8%.
A Literature Review of the Three Elements of Organizational Commitment: The Meaning of the Contribution Score Average
Authors: Maydiantoro Albet , Tusianah Rias , Isnainy Usastiawaty C. A. S , Puja Kesuma Tubagus Ali Rachman , Zainaro M. Arifki , Nurmalisa Yunisca
Published: April 2021

This is a meta-analysis study. The study aims to determine the highest average score and the impact of the three elements of Allen and Meyer’s organizational commitment: Affective Commitment (AC), Normative Commitment (NC), and Continuance Commitment (CC). The author employed Sturgess's interpretation to determine the average score by Very Low, Low, Low Enough, High Enough, High, and Very High. We got that the highest average score of the three components of organizational commitments is the affective commitment (0.704), followed by the normative commitment (0.681), and the last one is the continuance commitment (0.585). We draw the conclusion that a person, basically, wants to be useful to others. Then, she will be able to put aside individual interests for the sake of common interests so that she will dare to bind herself to agreements, rules, and norms for mutual survival (NC). 'As a result of wanting to be useful to others and having the courage to decide to stay together in the rules, she will dare to put aside his transactional self-interest which is centered on personal interests or gain (CC). The scoring average consecutively says that AC is the biggest among of all, NC is less than AC, and CC is the least, implies that a manager should be able to build and maintain the AC as the first priority, followed by the NC. If a manager has been able to build and maintain the AC and NC, she is able to build and maintain the CC automatically.
Construction and Application of Customer Satisfaction Model with theService Quality of Last-Mile Delivery in Rural Areas
Authors: Cho Yuh‐Jen , Xue Lin , Huang Shu-Rong , Yang Zhe-Peng
Published: April 2021

The backward last-mile delivery infrastructures, the greater difficulties in last-mile delivery due to the scattered residences of rural customers and the lack of logistics professionals in rural areas have emerged as the important factors hindering the improvement of the service quality of last-mile delivery in rural areas. This study combines the classic satisfaction index model and transformation of the SERVQUAL standard scale to draw up the connotations and observation variables of customer expectations, quality perception, perceived value, customer satisfaction, customer complaints and customer loyalty with the service quality of last-mile delivery in rural areas, and takes 460 permanent residents in rural areas as the research objects, then constructs and tests the customer satisfaction model of the service quality of last-mile delivery in rural areas, and deeply analyzes the relationship between customer satisfaction and its influencing factors; by constructing a twodimensional combination potential of entropy weight-satisfaction average value, the in-depth application of the model is discussed, and at the same time, it provides policy suggestions for local governments, logistics companies and other entities to improve the customer satisfaction with the service quality of last-mile delivery in rural areas
Pääkirjoitus: Vaaran vuosien paluu
Authors: Kivistö Jussi
Published: April 2021

-
Attitude of Physiotherapists Towards Dealing Subjects with Mental Illness
Authors: K Jothi Prasanna  , Ragini Kumari  , Vigneshwar.D
Published: April 2021

INTRODUCTION: The concept of mental health receives negative opinions and are stigmatized in publicdespite evidence of importance of mental health for social and human capital. It is important that thereshould be a multidisciplinary approach when it comes to rehabilitation of patients with Mental Illness thanconcentrating only in the psychiatry aspect. Patients with Mental Illness can also suffer from physical healthrelated co-morbidities in which physiotherapy can play a role in improving the lifestyle. OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was to assess the attitude of physiotherapists towards subjects with mental illness.METHODS: A non-experimental study of convenient samples was carried out among 100 physiotherapists.Data collection was performed using the questionnaire MICA-4(Mental Illness Clinicians Attitude Scale).The questionnaire includes 16 items and has a 6- point Likert-type response format. Each item has itsown definite score. A higher score depicts negative attitude and a lesser score shows a positive attitude.RESULTS: The data was analysed using SPSS statistics version 23. The results revealed that 73% of thesubjects had neutral attitude towards dealing individuals with any form of mental illness. CONCLUSION:The neutral attitude recorded is indicative of lack of exposure of physiotherapists in the field of psychiatry.Training at an early stage can be beneficial for future therapists to deal in a better way with mental illnesspatient having physical health problems. It is important to promote this area of specialisation both for clinicaland research studies in order to implement strategies to avoid stigmatisation.
In Vivo Treatment of Giardia lamblia by Plantago lanceolata L. extract and Investigation some Serological Parameters and Histopathological Changes
Authors: Ashraf Jamal Mahmoud Zangana
Published: April 2021

Giardia lamblia samples were taken from patients at Salah al-Din General Hospital /Tikrit, suffering fromGiardiasis from October 2018 until March 2019. cysts of G. lamblia was isolated and infected in laboratorymices Balb/c and then therapeutic attempt was made with water extract of Plantago lanceolata in threedifferent concentrations .and some biochemical parameters have been studied through rate of changes inCholesterol, Triglycerids, Total protein and some of liver enzymes (AST) Alanine transaminase, (ALT)Aspartate transaminase, and response of infected mice for treatment with water extracts.A significant decrease was observed in concentration of lipids in general. The decrease was significant inconcentration of Cholesterol and Triglycerides and total protein in laboratory mice. The lowest concentrationwas achieved when using extract with 0.5 ml, 121, 31, and 4.311 mg/dl Respectively, The highst concentrationwhen using extract was with 2 ml, 180, 36, and 5.220 mg/dl Respectively, compared to control group 184,37 and 5.040 mg/dl Respectively, Significant changes were also observed.As for concentration of both AST/ ALT, the results showed significant changes in their concentration ininfected mice. level of decrease was significant in their concentration. The lowest concentration of AST wasat 0.5 mL, 18 IU/L, and ALT 15 IU/L at 0.5 mL of extract, The highest concentration of AST was at 2 mL, 30IU/L, and ALT 29 IU/L at 2 mL of extract compared to control group of 28 IU/L. Significant changes wereobserved in concentration of AST and ALT after treatment with therapeutic extract Above.The microscopic examination of tissue sections of infected mice showed presence of a detachment of somelining cells of colon. presence of leukocyte infiltration at base of mucous glands was also observed. Thisinfiltration was extended to smooth muscle layer forming colon wall. colon cavity consisted of large massesof mucus. In liver, there was an enlargement of hepatic cells and presence of degeneration of nuclei of thesecells, and found small concentrations of inflammatory cells between hepatocytes, some central veins in liver,and observed lymphocytic infiltration.
The Caries Experience in the Smoker and Non-Smoker among College Student
Authors: Azhar A. Hussein  , Maha Issam  , Hatham Yunis
Published: April 2021

Dental caries is the scientific term for tooth decay or cavities. It is caused by specific types of bacteria. Theyproduce acid that destroys the tooth’s enamel and the layer under it, the dentin. The bacteria turn sugar andcarbohydrates (starches) in the foods we eat into acids. Smoking is also a global and national health problemand is one of the most significant health risks that impact all age groups.The Study Aims to investigate the effects of different tobacco smoking methods and their relation to dentalcaries in comparison to non-smoker students.Material and Method: A random sample of 336 students from Tikrit university aged 19-24 years, the samplegrouped to cigar, shisha, cigar and shisha together and non-smoker groups. Dental caries was recordedaccording to WHO criteria (1987) were decayed, missing and filled with permanent teeth (DMFS). The datawere analyzed as a descriptive statistic includes frequency, percentage, mean, and for statistical analysis ofthe data using T- test and one- way ANOVA test to detect the significance of the relation between variousvariable.Result: the result of this study showed that the severity of dental caries higher in smoking cigar and smokingshisha than in the non-smoking group with statistically highly significant.Conclusion Nicotine may be increasing the incidence and severity of dental caries. So that, nicotine mightbe considered as a risk factor for inducing of dental caries.
A Prospective Study of HIV Positive Autopsies Conducted at Aniims, Port Blair, Andaman Nicobar Islands
Authors: Siddesh Revpla Channabasappa  , Amit Banik
Published: April 2021

Medical and Medico Legal deaths claim a substantial number of lives in Andaman & Nicobar Islands. Duringthe 3-year-period from January 2016 to December 2018, 6 antibody HIV positive cases were autopsied at theDepartment of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology in ANIIMS, Port Blair, Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Thepurposes of this study were to report the autopsy findings of anti-HIV positive individuals, and to identifythe prevalence of specific factors such as gender, age, postmortem findings, cause and manner of death.The 61 anti-HIV positive individuals who died at G B Pant Hospital, Port Blair consisted of 35 males and26 females. Here, 55 cases died from natural cause, 6 cases due to unnatural causes termed as medico legaldeath, which included 2 cases of accidents and 4 cases of suicide. All Medico legal cases underwent fullautopsy with universal precautions.The prevalence of anti-HIV positive underlined the importance of awareness of HIV transmission in forensiccasework. In conclusion, full autopsies should be performed regularly on HIV infected patients with dueprotective measures not only for medical research, but also for forensic study
Comparative Study in Surgical Management of the Pilonidal Sinus Disease
Authors: Latif Mohammed Shinawa  , Mahmood Shakor Mughir  , Hazim Taha Ismael
Published: April 2021

The objective: the current study conducted to assessment the recurrence rate of Pilonidal sinus.Materials & Methods: This retrospective study that shows all the cases of Pilonidal sinus treated in theKhanaqin General Hospital and Jalawla General Hospital at period between April 2016 to September of2019. The number of patients is 200, including 48 women and 152 men, with ages ranging from 19 to 50years.Results: 200 Pilonidal sinus patients were participated in this current study. The recurrence rate aftersurgery reached 13(6.5%) from all patients. The patients who used in present study include male 152(76%)and female 48(24%). According to Chronicity, the present results demonstrate 73 (36.5%) cases as acutedisease and 127 (63.5%) as chronic disease. 79 patients who suffering from acute disease were lay open andcollection drainage. On the other hand, 121 patients who were suffering from chronic disease treated withsinus excisional procedures and primary midline closure.
Effect of Sex and Age Differences on Premature Ventricular Ectopic Beats in Apparently Normal Hearts
Authors: Miqdam M. Obaid Al-Jumaili  , Mohammed A. Ajeel  , Wijdan I.A. Abd-Alwahab
Published: April 2021

Ventricular ectopic beat (VEB) is a common cause in clinical practice. sometimes this case is asymptomaticbut can cause uncomfortable symptoms in patients. There are some cases where the VEBs presence indicatesa risk factor towards severe arrhythmias, especially when associated with normal hart. Normal cases thatusually encounter episodes of ectopic beats were collected (58 individuals 23 were females and the rest (34)were males) from the private consultative clinic or from the Sherqat general Hospital attendance in Salahal-Din Governorate whose ages ranged between 38-66. These cases were followed up closely for two yearswith a clinical examination every 3 months with electrocardiogram Heart, chest x-ray, echocardiography.Regarding the management strategies (Table 2), 36 patients (19 males and 11 females) (49%) were satisfiedby B-Blocker 19 of them (33%) were less than 60 years and 9 were equal or above the 60. Thirteen of theparticipants (23%) were given reassurance 3 of them (5%) were less than 60 years and 10 were equal orabove 60. Nine individuals (16%) cases responded to simple sedativezers) 5 of them (9%) were less than 60years and 9 were equal or above 60. 7 (12%) were treated by a combination of sedative and prokinetics 6of the cases (9%) were less than 60 years and 9 were equal or above 60. Electrocardiographic and CardiacElectrophysiological Properties of the study (Table 3) shows that 33 individuals (40%) were unifocal) wereunifocal premature Ventricular ectopic beats their age were under 60 for all of them. The rest (24) weremultifocal type. The QRS were significantly longer in male than in female and in the =60 more than that ofthe <60. In this regard, the result demonstrates that predominant S wave in 15 male participants versus 12females. While there was 19 male having dominant R wave. Sex and age have a significant impact on cardiacelectrophysiological characteristics of Premature Ventricular ectopic beats.The males are more affected with Premature Ventricular ectopic beats than females regarding this effect.
Knowledge and Attitude of Medical Students Towards Medico Legal Autopsy- A Questionnaire Based Study
Authors: Vignesh S  , Siddesh Revpla Channabasappa
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Autopsy is a research tool which has been used for centuries. Autopsy is a scientific studyof a dead body and is categorized into clinical and medico-legal autopsies. A Medicolegal autopsy or postmortem examination is a scientific examination of dead body carried out under the law of the state mainly toassist the identification and prosecution of the guilty in cases of unnatural deaths. This study is done to assessthe knowledge, Perception and Attitude of medical students towards medico legal autopsy.Materials and Methods: A questionnaire-based study was conducted among the students of Saveethamedical college, questionnaires related to autopsy were distributed and students were asked to fill them.According to the data obtained was analyzed to know the Knowledge and Attitude of Medical StudentsTowards Medico Legal AutopsyResults: Majority of the students (92.3%) thought that autopsy is necessary for all unnatural deaths. 84.6%said that inquest report, requisition letter is needed for autopsies. 80.8% knew autopsy is done to know thecause of death and reach the culprit of the crime and was a legal formality in unnatural deaths. 96.2% ofstudents have not felt performing autopsy is disrespectful to the body. 94.2% of participants had a opinionthat the autopsies they witnessed were not enough. 96.9% agreed that autopsy is necessary in medicaleducation. Almost half (49.9%) of the students felt uncomfortable while witnessing autopsy, 29.6% wereComfortable and 20.5% of students have not witnessed autopsy yet. Only 67.3% were comfortable withlive autopsies, rest 32.7% preferred virtual autopsy. 96.2% knew that preserving viscera is necessaryduring autopsy on suspected case of poisoning. Majority of students (98.1%) felt that medical studentsshould actively participate in autopsies. Most of them (98.1%) knew that both external and internalexaminations are done in autopsies and 98.5% felt that ED posting specifically for Forensic Medicine fortrauma, poisoning and other medico-legal cases is necessary during CRRI.Conclusion: Overall this study shows that students have some knowledge of autopsies but think that theautopsies that they have witnessed were not enough and encourages that medical students should witnessand actively participate in more autopsies. We also suggest to revise the Forensic Medicine curriculum byincreasing the number of teaching and practical hours thereby the students will be able to make observationsand come to conclusions in criminal matters or Medico-legal cases.
Assessment of Knowledge and Awareness about Consent among Medical Practitioners in a Tertiary Care Hospital – A Questionnaire based Study
Authors: Yashwanth R  , Siddesh Revpla Channabasappa
Published: April 2021

Introduction: The medicine being a moral profession, the relationship of doctor and patient entailsthe highest conceivable degree of trust and fidelity. Good bedside manner, technical competency andcommunication skills are the physician’s behaviors most strongly associated with patient trust. The changingmedical practice of the 20th century has given place to patient’s autonomy and informed consent. Consentis not mere submission of the patient to a particular treatment, but a process of communication requiringthe fulfilment of certain established elements like competence, sufficient disclosure, understanding andvolunteering. However, less attention has been paid to the implications of obtaining informed consent, fromthe physicians’ perspective. Considering the above fact, the study was undertaken to assess the knowledgeand awareness about informed consent among medical practitioners in a tertiary care hospital.Materials and Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was undertaken in 100medical practitioners during May 2020 to July 2020.Results: It was observed that most of the participants were aware and had sufficient knowledge aboutinformed consent, but the law related to consent and other inner details of informed consent in medicalpractice were lacking.Conclusion: We concluded that medical institutions, various medical associations and medico-legal bodiesmust conduct regular medico legal training programmes, continuum medical education programmes,seminars and workshops and must be made mandatory to participate actively for all medical practitioners toupdate their knowledge related to consent in medical practice and law related to medical practice.
A Retrospective Study of Socio-Demographic Profile and Pattern of Poisoning Cases at Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Vandana K  , Siddesh Revpla Channabasappa
Published: April 2021

Death due to poisoning has been known since time immemorial. Poisoning is a major problem all over theworld, although its type and the associated morbidity and mortality vary from country to country. Accordingto the WHO, more than three million poisoning cases with 251,881 deaths occur worldwide annually, ofwhich 99% of fatal poisonings occur in developing countries, particularly among agricultural workers.Pattern of poisoning in any region depends on availability of poisons, socio economic status of the population,religious and cultural influences, occupation prevalent in the region and likewise. Organophosphoruspoisoning occurs very commonly in southern India, where farmers form a significant proportion of thepopulation who commonly use organophosphorus compounds like parathion as insecticides. A retrospectiveanalysis of all poisoning cases admitted to Saveetha Medical College Hospital, Chennai from Jan 2019to Dec 2019 was done to study the pattern of poisoning reported. Acute poisoning is a common medicalemergency and one of the important causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries due to easyavailability of poisonous substances and its low cost. So, it was necessary to know the demo-graphic profile& pattern of poisoning cases at Saveetha Medical College Hospital, Chennai. Data was collected using apretested proforma from case records, MRD department & Emergency Medicine department and the datawas analyzed and presented.
Prevalence and Incidence of Dermatophytosis in Al-Diwaniya City, Iraq
Authors: Abeer Mohammed Ali Al-garawyi  , Adnan H. Al-Hamadani  , Adnan waheed AL- Bederi
Published: April 2021

The present study carried out in Al-Diwaniya city, 71clinical specimens were taken from the patients withdermatophytosis. The age of patients were between (1-50) years, real positive cultural examinations were49(69%), whereas negative cultural examinations were 22 (31 %) . The occurrence of dermatophyte fungiwere higher in females than males, depending on the gender, as for the age groups, the infection was higherin the age group 31-40 and 41-50 years followed by the age group ? 11 years, whereas the lowest infectionwas among the age group 21-30 and 12-20 years. Also, the result of this study showed that 37(52.11%)patients were housewives, 20 (28.16%) students, 7(9.85%) office employees, 7(9.85%) hospital workers.Out of 49 patients 25(51.0 %) cases were Tinea pedis, followed by Tinea cruris15(30.6%), Tinea capitis5(10.2%), and 4(8.2%) Tinea unguium. The result of this study also showed that 31(63.3%) isolates wereT. rubrum, 11( 22.4%) T. mentagrophytes , E. floccosum and M. canis isolates were found 2(4.1%) and5(10.2%) respectively
Antiretroviral Medicine Ethical Execution Policy for HIV / AIDS Survivors in Indonesia
Authors: Aga Natalis  , Sukimin  , Tri Mulyan
Published: April 2021

Introduction: One of the health problems in Indonesia that has not been resolved is the HIV pandemic orHuman Immunodeficiency Virus or a virus that attacks/infects white blood cells which causes a decrease inhuman immunity. To combat HIV/AIDS, treatment is performed through antiretroviral drugs. But in fact,antiretroviral drugs are often scarce which causes a decrease in the welfare of people with HIV / AIDS inIndonesia.Research Objectives: This study aims to discover and analyze some policies on administering antiretroviraldrugs that are fair for people with HIV/AIDS in Indonesia.Methods: This study uses a qualitative method with a normative juridical approach. The data used aresecondary data consisting of primary and secondary legal materials. The data was collected through aliterature study and analyzed qualitatively.Conclusion: In making policies, the implementation of antiretroviral drugs must be centered on PLWHAand use the PLWHA as policy actors. The policy of delivering ARV drugs that are centered on PLHIVis expected to produce fair policy outputs and then have implications for the high welfare of PLWHA inIndonesia, this is in line with the formation of a policy based on the study of responsive legal theory initiatedby Nonet and Selznick. Responsive legal theory requires that the law that has implications for PLWHA,should always be sensitive to the needs of PLWHA, especially regarding the availability of ARV drugs.
Detection of Proteus mirabilis in Healthy, sick and Diarrheal Dogs, Cats and Humans
Authors: Alaa B. Mohammed  , Aseel M Hamzah
Published: April 2021

The current work was conducted for isolation, identification and epidemiological frequency and distributionof Proteus mirabilis from humans and Dogs, cats, scanning Vitek in addition (PCR) assay was confirmdetect isolates and Api 20E technique is also used in order diagnosis of P. mirabilis then determinationof antibiotics susceptibility pattern of recovered isolates. The human isolates showed that (89.47%) wereresistant Ampicillin, (42.10%) Ofloxacin, (57.14%) Cefoxitin, (57.14%) Gentamycin, (100%) Vancomycin,(57.14%) Chloramphenicol, (89.47%) Trimethoprim, (100%) Amoxiclav, (57.89%) Streptomycin, (100%)Tetracycline, (89.47%) Penicillin, (100%) Erythromycin. The dogs isolates showed resistance (64.28%) wasresistant Ampicillin, (35.71%) Ofloxacin, (46.1%) Cefoxitin, (53.8%) Gentamycin, (64.28%) Vancomycin,(47.3%) Chloramphenicol, (64.28%) Trimethoprim, (64.28%) Amoxiclav, (42.85%) Streptomycin, (64.28%)Tetracycline, (64.28%) Penicillin, (64.28%) Erythromycin, otherwise the cat’s isolates showed resistance(35.71%) were Ampicillin -resistant, for Ofloxacin (35.71%), for Cefoxitin (35.71%), for Gentamycin(35.71%), for Vancomycin (35.71%), for Chloramphenicol (35.71%), for Trimethoprim (35.71%), forAmoxiclav (35.71%), for Streptomycin (35.71%), for Tetracycline (35.71%), for Penicillin (35.71%), forErythromycin (35.71%). The Proteus mirabilis was isolated from 33 out of 195 sample (16.92%) distributedas 19 isolated from human and 14 from Dogs and Cats. The human isolates showed that (89.47%) wereresistant Ampicillin, (42.10%) Ofloxacin, (57.14%) Cefoxitin, (57.14%) Gentamycin, (100%) Vancomycin,(57.14%) Chloramphenicol, (89.47%) Trimethoprim, (100%) Amoxiclav, (57.89%) Streptomycin, (100%)Tetracycline, (89.47%) Penicillin, (100%) Erythromycin.
Sinus Tachycardia as a Predictor of Severe Carbonmonoxide Poisoning
Authors: Ali Kemal Erenler  , Tolga Do?an
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Carbonmonoxide (CO) poisoning is one of the most frequent intoxications in the world. Theheart is one vital organ affected in CO intoxication. In this study, we aimed to investigate characterstics andelectrocardiographic abnormalities of patients with CO poisoning.Material and Methods: In a two-year period, we analyzed patient records admitted to our EmergencyDepartment (ED), retrospectively. Demographical characteristics (age, gender, monthly distribution, sourcesof poisoning, etc), vital signs, laboratory findings, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores and ECG findingswere investigated. Additionally, treatment method, source of exposure and length of stay (LOS) in the EDwere investigated. Then, patients were divided into 2 groups as to normobaric oxygen therapy (NBO) andhyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) groups according to the treatment methods. Two groups were comparedin terms of electrocardiographic abnormalities.Results: Atotal of 75 patients were involved. The most common source of CO poisoning was stoves (n=71,94.6%). The most common complaint was found to be nausea and vomiting (n=24, 32%). Mean GCS scoreof the patients was 14. Mean carboxyhemoglobin levels were found to be 15%, mean saturation was 95.9%.Five (6.6%) of the patients have undergone HBO in addition to NBO. The most common ECG finding wasfound to be normal sinus rythm in 52 patients (69.3%), followed by sinus tachycardia in 10 patients (13.3%),bradycardia in 4 patients (5.3%), ST depression in 2 patients (2.6%). Four of 5 patients who underwent HBOhad tachycardia on ECG.Conclusion: Use of stoves for heating purposes increases the risk for poisoning particularly in wintermonths. Although physicians must be aware of its ischemic effects of CO poisoning on cardiovascularsystem, sinus tachycardia may be a predictor of CO poisoning severity.
Possible Pain Caused in Judicial Modes of Execution: A Physiological and Pathological Analysis
Authors: Anjum Hassan  , Meenu Gupta
Published: April 2021

Undoubtedly, the application of Capital Punishment has attracted a torrent of worldwide criticism. Primarilythe cause behind this criticism is the excruciating pain caused by ancient outdated and uncivilised methodslike crucifixion, hanging, beheading, etc., unlike the cotemporary scientific processes and internationalinstruments. In opposition to the backdrop of enumerated counterattacks, most of the developed countriesdevised/formulated and implemented some contemporary procedures like shooting, lethal injection, gaschamber, etc. These contemporary procedures were alleged by the formulating nations to be swift andcausing minimum pain. In this research paper, each of these modern modes have been critically analysedafter reviewing the physiological and pathological aspect of pain associated with each of these methods. Theauthor finds out that these so called modern method do inflict agonizing pain on the convicted offenders.In conclusion the author does suggest that medicalized process of execution may, to some extent, lead topainless killings
Effectiveness of Instructional Program upon Pregnant Women’s Knowledge Suffering from Pregnancy Induced Hypertension Attending to Primary Health Care Centers in Al- Najaf City
Authors: Anwar Hassan Hanoon  , Shukriyia Shadhan Al- Ogaili
Published: April 2021

Pregnancy induced hypertension is a common obstetric disorder. It is among the leading causes of maternaland fetal mortality and morbidity. This research aims to assess pregnant women’s knowledge regardingpregnancy induced hypertension, and to find out the relationship between pregnant women’s knowledge andtheir demographic and clinical data . A quasi-experimental design is used to investigate the effectivenessof instructional program upon women’s knowledge suffering from pregnancy induced hypertension , fromthe 8th of January to 3th September2020, included 80 pregnant (40 women as study group), and (40 womenas a control group). The current study found that the knowledge of the majority of women about pregnancyinduced hypertension is poor in complication domain specialty before the implementation of instructionalprogram. However, 100% of them have had good knowledge after two weeks of implementation of theinstructional program. The women have developed and improved in their knowledge about pregnancyinduced hypertension. The study revealed that there were high significant in the study group knowledgeregarding the pregnancy induced hypertension in the pre-test and post-test measurements. The study hasconcluded that the instructional program has a positive effect on the study sample blood pressure. Theinstructional program has a positive effect on the study sample knowledge regarding the PIH. Levels ofeducation, monthly income, residential area, occupational status, and the type of family are affect thepregnant’s knowledge regarding the PIH.
Physical self-perception and Personality Traits among Women with Psychoactive Substance Abuse Compared to Normal Individuals
Authors: Azadeh Soltanifar  , Mansoureh Mirzadeh  , Maedeh Kamrani  , Atefeh Soltanifar  , Maryam Kashefi Esmailzadeh
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Regarding to the role of physical self-perception and personality traits in abuse of psychoactivesubstance among women, this study aimed to compare the concept of physical self-perception and personalitytraits among psychoactive substance abusers and normal individuals.Materials and Methods: In this causal-comparative study, 60 women (30 psychoactive substance abusers,30 normal cases) referred to substance abuse treatment centers in Mashhad city (the second big-city of Iran)were selected in convenient sampling method. The Physical Self-Description Questionnaire (PSDQ) andNEO-Five Factor Test (Short Form) were performed. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis andtwo independent means tests.Results: Multivariate analysis revealed that women with psychoactive substance abuse have higher scoresin neuroticism and lower scores in agreeableness, accountability and extraversion than normal women. Thecomparison of two independent means also showed that there is a significant difference between physicalself-perception in normal and abusers, so that normal women have better physical self-perception.Conclusion: The results confirm that physical self-perception and personality traits play an important rolein involvement in substance abuse.
Pattern of Injuries Sustained in Cases of Four Wheelers without wearing Seat Belt Infatal Road Traffic Accidents in Mangalore
Authors: Azia Manzoor Bhat  , Wasim Manzoor Bhat  , Vinka Maini
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Road traffic accidents (RTAs) have been the bane of the modern civilization accounting for considerableloss to the nation. General callous attitude for safety measures, poor law enforcement and uncontrolled motorizationhave caused significant increase in incidence of RTAs. World Health Organization (WHO) puts RTAs as the sixthleading cause of deaths in India, with a greater share of hospitalizations, deaths, disabilities and socioeconomic lossesin young and middle aged population.Aims and Objective: To study the pattern of injuries sustained in cases of four wheelers without wearing seat beltin fatal road traffic accidents in Mangalore.Materials and Method: All cases of road traffic accidents involving fatal head injuries among four wheelers withoutseat belt which underwent autopsy at the Wenlock District Hospital and Justice K.S Hegde charitable Hospital,Mangalore from January 2009 to December 2013 were included in the study. A proforma was prepared, the detailsabout the pattern of skull fractures and also about intracranial haemorrhages were obtained.Results:Majority of the victims of four wheeler not using seat belt were in the age group of 30-39 Years and 40-49Years (26.83% each). Majority of the victims were male (85.37%).Abrasion (46.34%) was the most common Injuryto face and head followed by laceration (29.27%) was observed.Rib fractures was the most common associatedinjury (43.90%) while no associated injury was observed in 56.10%.Diffuse Extravasation of Blood from Scalp wasobserved in 53.66% while from occipital are was seen in 26.83% victims. Linear Type of fracture in vault was seenin 36.59% of victims. Occipital and frontal bone fracture was observed in 29.27% and 24.39% victims respectively.While studying the Base of skull fractures it was seen that ACF was seen in 24.39% victims while PCF in 19.51%and MCF in 14.63% victims. Most common intra cranial haemorrhage was Sub arachnoid haemorrhage (90.24%)followed by sub dural haemorrhage (82.93%). Brain Oedema was seen in 73.17% victims while Contusion to brainwas seen in 26.83% victims. Frontal lobe of brain was injured in 46.34% victims while diffuse brain injury was seenin 29.27% victims.Conclusion:We conclude that the four wheeler accident among the non seat belt users was common in middle agedmales. Head injury and rib fracture was the most common type of injury observed. Liner fracture of skull withoccipital and frontal bone involvement was common. Most common intra cranial haemorrhage was Sub arachnoidhaemorrhage followed by sub dural haemorrhage. Brain Oedema and Contusion to brain were common brain injury.Frontal lobe brain injuries were common followed by diffuse brain injury.
The Effectiveness of Olive Oil to Combat Lice in Pregnant Women and Children
Authors: Bafreen Mohamad Raza  , Haifaa Mohammed Amin  , Hanadi Abdul-Elah Abdul-Razzaq
Published: April 2021

For the period from February 2019 until August 2019 it was checked 75 cases of pregnant women andchildren included girls and boys, and 28 pregnant women, 42 girls and 5 males were found to be infected. Head louse , as the study showed that the highest incidence of head louse was recorded among girls , itreached 56% , followed by pregnant women with a percentage of infection 37.33% , while males recordedless infection with head louse amounted to 6.66% , respectively , and olive oil was used to determine itseffectiveness to combat head louse as a natural substance , and it used Statistical analysis was used Dunkintest .
Early Surgical Management and Triple Antibiotic Regimen in the Management of Necrotizing Fasciitis of Scalp
Authors: Baliga Mohan  , Baptist Joanna
Published: April 2021

Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a rare yet alarming condition faced by a maxillofacial surgeon. This articlewould emphasize the importance of early aggressive surgical management with triple antibiotic regimen ofpenicillinase-resistant penicillin, aminoglycoside and metronidazole in the successful management of NF.We would also like the emphasize the importance of 1% hydrogen Peroxide + Saline + Betadine followedby copius irrigation with Betadine+Saline + Metronidazole in NF along with a negative pressure drain tomanage NF effectively.