bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Green and Economic Fabrication of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) Nanorods as a Broadband UV Blocker and Antimicrobial Agent
Authors: Taghizadeh Seyedeh-Masoumeh , Lal Neha , Ebrahiminezhad Alireza , Moeini Fatemeh , Seifan Mostafa , Ghasemi Younes , Berenjian Aydin
Published: March 2020

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles have gained widespread interest due to their unique properties, making them suitable for a range of applications. Several methods for their production are available, and of these, controlled synthesis techniques are particularly favourable. Large-scale culturing of Chlorella vulgaris produces secretory carbohydrates as a waste product, which have been shown to play an important role in directing the particle size and morphology of nanoparticles. In this investigation, ZnO nanorods were produced through a controlled synthesis approach using secretory carbohydrates from C. vulgaris, which presents a cost-effective and sustainable alternative to the existing techniques. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy were used to characterise the nanorods. The prepared nanorods exhibited a broad range of UV absorption, which suggests that the particles are a promising broadband sun blocker and are likely to be effective for the fabrication of sunscreens with protection against both UVB (290–320 nm) and UVA (320–400 nm) radiations. The antimicrobial activity of the prepared nanorods against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was also assessed. The nanostructures had a crystalline structure and rod-like appearance, with an average length and width of 150 nm and 21 nm, respectively. The nanorods also demonstrated notable antibacterial activity, and 250 μg/mL was determined to be the most effective concentration. The antibacterial properties of the ZnO nanorods suggest its suitability for a range of antimicrobial uses, such as in the food industry and for various biomedical applications.
Plasma Levels of the Bioactive Sphingolipid Metabolite S1P in Adult Cystic Fibrosis Patients: Potential Target for Immunonutrition?
Authors: Halilbasic Emina , Fuerst Elisabeth , Heiden Denise , Japtok Lukasz , Diesner Susanne C. , Trauner Michael , Kulu Askin , Jaksch Peter , Hoetzenecker Konrad , Kleuser Burkhard , Kazemi-Shirazi Lili , Untersmayr Eva
Published: March 2020

Recent research has linked sphingolipid (SL) metabolism with cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) activity, affecting bioactive lipid mediator sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). We hypothesize that loss of CFTR function in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients influenced plasma S1P levels. Total and unbound plasma S1P levels were measured in 20 lung-transplanted adult CF patients and 20 healthy controls by mass spectrometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). S1P levels were correlated with CFTR genotype, routine laboratory parameters, lung function and pathogen colonization, and clinical symptoms. Compared to controls, CF patients showed lower unbound plasma S1P, whereas total S1P levels did not differ. A positive correlation of total and unbound S1P levels was found in healthy controls, but not in CF patients. Higher unbound S1P levels were measured in ΔF508-homozygous compared to ΔF508-heterozygous CF patients (p = 0.038), accompanied by higher levels of HDL in ΔF508-heterozygous patients. Gastrointestinal symptoms were more common in ΔF508 heterozygotes compared to ΔF508 homozygotes. This is the first clinical study linking plasma S1P levels with CFTR function and clinical presentation in adult CF patients. Given the emerging role of immunonutrition in CF, our study might pave the way for using S1P as a novel biomarker and nutritional target in CF.
Broussonetia papyrifera Root Bark Extract Exhibits Anti-inflammatory Effects on Adipose Tissue and Improves Insulin Sensitivity Potentially Via AMPK Activation
Authors: Lee Jae Min , Choi Sun Sil , Park Mi Hyeon , Jang Hyunduk , Lee Yo Han , Khim Keon Woo , Oh Sei Ryang , Park Jiyoung , Ryu Hyung Won , Choi Jang Hyun
Published: March 2020

The chronic low-grade inflammation in adipose tissue plays a causal role in obesity-induced insulin resistance and its associated pathophysiological consequences. In this study, we investigated the effects of extracts of Broussonetia papyrifera root bark (PRE) and its bioactive components on inflammation and insulin sensitivity. PRE inhibited TNF-α-induced NF-κB transcriptional activity in the NF-κB luciferase assay and pro-inflammatory genes’ expression by blocking phosphorylation of IκB and NF-κB in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, which were mediated by activating AMPK. Ten-week-high fat diet (HFD)-fed C57BL6 male mice treated with PRE had improved glucose intolerance and decreased inflammation in adipose tissue, as indicated by reductions in NF-κB phosphorylation and pro-inflammatory genes’ expression. Furthermore, PRE activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and reduced lipogenic genes’ expression in both adipose tissue and liver. Finally, we identified broussoflavonol B (BF) and kazinol J (KJ) as bioactive constituents to suppress pro-inflammatory responses via activating AMPK in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Taken together, these results indicate the therapeutic potential of PRE, especially BF or KJ, in metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Is Adolescents’ Food Intake Associated with Exposure to the Food Intake of Their Mothers and Best Friends?
Authors: van den Broek Nina , Larsen Junilla. K. , Verhagen Maaike , Burk William J. , Vink Jacqueline M.
Published: March 2020

Both mothers’ and best friends’ food intake are associated with adolescents’ food intake, but they are rarely investigated simultaneously. In this study, we tested the associations of mothers’ and best friends’ food intake with adolescents’ intake of unhealthy and healthy food, obtained from home and from outside the home, and the moderating role of adolescents’ exposure to their food intake. Participants included 667 adolescents (53% female, Mage = 12.9) and 396 of their mothers. Within this adolescent sample, 378 best friend dyads were identified. All participants completed food frequency questionnaires. Mothers separately reported on their food intake in the presence and absence of their child, and adolescents indicated how often they ate and drank together with their best friend during school breaks. Mothers’, but not best friends’, food intake was positively related to adolescents’ intake of unhealthy and healthy food obtained from home and healthy food obtained from outside the home. Exposure to mothers’ healthy food intake magnified mother-child similarities in healthy food intake. Exposure to best friends’ intake of unhealthy food moderated adolescent-friend similarities in unhealthy food intake. Future work should assess the mechanisms that underlie these similarities, and should investigate these associations over time and in later developmental periods.
Effects of a Remote Antimicrobial Stewardship Program on Antimicrobial Use in a Regional Hospital System
Authors: Knight Joshua , Michal Jessica , Milliken Stephanie , Swindler Jenna
Published: March 2020

While antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) are well established at most large medical centers, small or rural facilities often do not have the same resources; therefore, different methods must be developed to start or expand ASPs for these hospitals. The purpose of this quality improvement study was to describe the implementation of a pharmacist-led remote ASP and assess the effect on antimicrobial use. Antimicrobial use in days of therapy per 1000 patient days (DOT/1000 PD) was compared between the six months before and after remote ASP implementation. Changes in system-wide, facility-specific, and target antimicrobial use were evaluated. Pharmacist interventions, acceptance rates, and number of times infectious disease (ID) physician assistance was sought were also tracked. System-wide antimicrobial use was 4.6% less in the post-implementation time period than in the pre-implementation time period, with vancomycin, piperacillin/tazobactam, and fluoroquinolones having the greatest reductions in use. Ninety-one percent of interventions made during the post-implementation period were accepted. ID physician review was requested 38 times, and direct ID physician intervention was required six times. Remote ASPs delivered from a central facility to serve a larger system may reduce antimicrobial use, especially against targeted agents, with minimal increase in ID physician workload.
Wage Premiums as a Means to Evaluate the Labor Market for Pharmacy Technicians in the United States: 1997–2018
Authors: Zgarrick David P. , Bujnoch Tatiana , Desselle Shane P.
Published: March 2020

Pharmacy technicians are integral members of the health care team, assisting pharmacists and other health professionals in assuring safe and effective medication use. To date, evaluation of the labor market for pharmacy technicians has been limited, and relatively little has been evaluated regarding trends in wages. The objective of this research is to use US Bureau of Labor Statistics (US BLS) data to evaluate changes in pharmacy technician wages in the United States from 1997 to 2018 relative to changes in the US consumer price index (CPI). Median hourly wages for pharmacy technicians were collected from US BLS data from 1997 to 2018. Median hourly wages were compared to expected hourly wages, with the difference, a wage premium, indicative of imbalances in the supply and demand of labor. Both positive and negative wage premiums were observed, with most positive wage premiums occurring prior to 2007 and most negative wage premiums observed after 2008. Differences in wage premiums were also observed between technicians working in various practice settings. Given the median length of employment of pharmacy technicians, it is likely that the majority of technicians working in US pharmacies have not experienced increases in their wages relative to what would be expected by changes in the CPI. This has occurred at a time when pharmacies and pharmacists are asking more of their pharmacy technicians. Researchers and pharmacy managers must continue to evaluate the pharmacy technician labor market to assure that technician wage and compensation levels attract an adequate supply of sufficiently skilled workers.
Compass, Continuity and Change. Everyday Religion among Women Living in Asylum Centers in Norway
Authors: Willmann Robleda Zubia
Published: March 2020

When seeking asylum in Norway, asylum seekers are usually placed in asylum centers, where their everyday life is filled with uncertainty and few meaningful activities. Despite the importance of religion for many residents, little attention is paid both by authorities as well as by scholars to the role of religious beliefs and practices in their everyday life within this context. This article is based on ethnographic research with women living in asylum centers over the course of one year. Through the lens of ‘everyday lived religion’, it explores the role and significance of their religious beliefs and practices in their everyday life in the center, as well as the changes that they experience to these. It argues that religion acts as a compass and provides a sense of continuity in the everyday life in the asylum center. The women also experience certain changes to their religious beliefs and practices due to being in a new socio-cultural environment.
White Womanhood and/as American Empire in Arrival and Annihilation
Authors: Johnston Aelabouni Meghan
Published: March 2020

American science fiction stories, such as U.S. historical narratives, often give central place to white, Western male subjects as noble explorers, benevolent colonizers, and border-guarding patriots. This constructed subjectivity renders colonized or cultural others as potentially threatening aliens, and it works alongside the parallel construction of white womanhood as a signifier for the territory to be possessed and protected by American empire—or as a sign of empire itself. Popular cultural narratives, whether in the world of U.S. imperialism or the speculative worlds of science fiction, may serve a religious function by helping to shape world-making: the envisioning and enacting of imagined communities. This paper argues that the world-making of American science fiction can participate in the construction and maintenance of American empire; yet, such speculative world-making may also subvert and critique imperialist ideologies. Analyzing the recent films Arrival (2016) and Annihilation (2018) through the lenses of postcolonial and feminist critique and theories of religion and popular culture, I argue that these films function as parables about human migration, diversity, and hybrid identities with ambiguous implications. Contact with the alien other can be read as bringing threat, loss, and tragedy or promise, birth, and possibility.
Da diferença natural à diferença moral entre os sexos: uma perspectiva freudiana
Authors: Teodoro Elizabeth Fátima , Wilson Camilo Chaves
Published: March 2020

Apresenta-se, neste artigo, uma cartografia da diferença sexual, no intuito de refletir sobre as marcas sócio históricas ocidentais que repercutiram na elaboração da teoria freudiana sobre a sexualidade moderna. Em decorrência dessa reflexão, percebe-se que o discurso referente à diferença natural entre os sexos é recente, motivo pelo qual não devemos tratá-lo com naturalidade. Entende-se que os pressupostos que possibilitaram o nascimento da psicanálise não escapam às tentativas cientificistas de estabelecer a natureza das sexualidades masculina e feminina. Entretanto, ao deslocar o foco da sexualidade do biológico para o psíquico, Freud opera uma leitura que evidencia as marcas de um discurso moral que se mostrava na construção dos laços sociais entre os gêneros, que perpetua, em grande medida, no contemporâneo.
Diferenças de adaptação acadêmica entre estudantes do curso de psicologia
Authors: Soares Adriana , Lima Claudio Almeida , Santos Giselle , Silva Isabela
Published: March 2020

Objetivou-se identificar as diferenças entre alunos dos três primeiros períodos do curso de psicologia em relação as variáveis relacionadas a adaptação acadêmica. Participaram 426 estudantes universitários que responderam aos questionários e inventários relativos as variáveis. Os dados foram submetidos ao teste ANOVA. Os principais resultados apontam que os estudantes possuem expectativas irrealistas em relação a universidade. Houve aumento do repertório de habilidades sociais de enfrentamento e autoafirmação com risco e diminuição da habilidade de conversação e desenvoltura social em função dos períodos e, nos períodos mais avançados estão mais determinados, apresentam mais autoconhecimento e menos responsabilidade e independência em relação a sua escolha profissional. Em relação a Instituição, estão menos satisfeitos a medida em que o curso avança.
Representações sociais da doação de órgãos para estudantes universitários: dimensões e tensões
Authors: Duarte da Silva Caroliny , Souza Silva Dnyelle , Barbará S. Bousfield Andréa
Published: March 2020

No Brasil, observa-se um aumento no número de doações de órgãos, decorrente principalmente da conscientização da população sobre a importância da doação para a realização de transplantes. O objetivo deste estudo foi conhecer as representações sociais sobre a doação de órgãos para estudantes universitários. Foram realizados três grupos focais, cada um com cinco estudantes universitários, nos quais foi utilizado como estímulo disparador uma campanha em vídeo sobre o tema. O conteúdo das falas dos participantes foi analisado por meio do software IRaMuTeQ. Os resultados indicaram que as representações sociais revelam tensões que carregam antagonismos e dualidades, como: morte e vida, perder e salvar, além de aparecerem associadas ao medo, insegurança e desconfiança quanto à realização do processo.
Study a tolerance of university students (anexample - Penza State Technological University)
Authors: Vagaeva Olga A. , Mihalets Irina V. , Morozova Svetlana M. , Dudareva Marianna A.
Published: March 2020

The article examines the problem of tolerance, presents the results of a diagnostic study of tolerance in students of Penza State Technological University, students in technical and humanitarian specialties. During the study, we used the rapid questionnaire “Tolerance Index”, which allows us to assess the overall level of tolerance, and the questionnaire “Types of Ethnic Identity”, aimed at identifying ethnic identity and its transformation.

The results of the study indicate the effectiveness of the educational work of the university on the development a tolerance in students.
Styles of professional activity of a teacher of higher education of a pedagogical profile
Authors: Nagovitsyn Roman Sergeevich , Osipov Aleksander Yurievich , Kudryavtsev Mikhail Dmitrievich , Markov Konstantin Konstantinovich , Savchuk Aleksander Nikolayevich , Zakharova Larisa Vyacheslavovna , Orlova Irina Igorevna
Published: March 2020

This article discusses the different styles of professional activity of a teacher of higher education of a pedagogical profile. The purpose of the study: to develop the basic characteristics of the styles of professional activity of teachers in the humanitarian, natural sciences and physical education and sports areas of teacher education and experimentally prove the effectiveness of their implementation in the process of interaction "teacher-student". The obtained statistical data in the study prove the need for differentiation of styles of professional activity for students of various training profiles of the pedagogical institute. Based on the style of the teacher’s professional activity and the direction of the student’s pedagogical training, a reliably positive result was revealed in increasing the academic performance of students of the pedagogical institute.
Institutions of regional development in the infrastructure support of the regional economy
Authors: Plakhin Andrey E. , Ogorodnikova Ekaterina S. , Kochergina Tatiana V. , Guseva Tatiana I. , Selezneva Maria V.
Published: March 2020

The article examines the role of regional development institutions in the infrastructure support of the socio-economic development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Changes are revealed at the meso-economic level that are possible in the post-industrial development of the economy of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. As a result of the study, it was concluded that 48 percent of the total funds available from regional development institutions accounted for the five leading regions: the Republic of Tatarstan, Moscow and Moscow Regions, Lipetsk, Kaluga Regions and St. Petersburg.

By the share of gross regional product (GRP), the list of regions was headed by the Kaluga and Lipetsk regions, which is explained by the large volumes of investments attracted through development institutions and the relatively small size of the regional product and the population of these regions. The authors summarize the experience of managing regional development institutions, conclude that it is necessary to increase the degree of influence on the development of the economic and social infrastructure of the regions of the Russian Federation as a whole, as well as to eliminate regional imbalances in development. The main directions in the implementation of this approach are:

Creation of an organizational mechanism for the formation of management structures to coordinate socio-economic development (for example, project administrations) on the territory of several constituent entities of the Russian Federation or several municipal entities within the framework of one constituent entity of the Federation.

Development of financial mechanisms to support the activities of these inter-regional and inter-municipal administrations (hereinafter referred to as project administrations).

Improving the mechanisms of interaction between state and municipal authorities, public organizations and other civil society institutions and business structures operating in the territory of several constituent entities of the Russian Federation and / or municipalities.
Main trends in development of migration policy in Ukraine
Authors: Sakharuk Iryna , Batychenko Svitlana , Derii Olena , Kryzhevskyi Anton , Magomedova Alina , Pohorielova Oleksandra
Published: March 2020

This Article is devoted to the interdisciplinary research of Migration Policy and determination of Main Trends of its realization in Ukraine at the current stage. The Basic Steps of Migration Policy-making have been defined. We have also identified that the efficiency of migration policy is determined by degree of consideration of the factors of political, economic, social and demographic origin, as well as by the trends of international labor migration. On the basis of the study results, the main trends of implementation of Migration Policy in Ukraine have been identified: lack of system of collecting and analyzing the statistical information; low level of protection of rights and economic well-being of the employees; absence of any bilateral agreements with those countries where a large number of Ukrainian migrants have been located; significant volume of educational migration; impact of the military and political situation upon the situation with migration.

Nowadays, migration processes are one of the key factors in formation of well-being and level of social and economic development of the countries. The global trend of decreasing population, in particular, due to the demographic crisis, push many countries to implement the related migration policy, in order to compensate the loss of labor resources by means of its substitution with the migrant workers. While analyzing the main trends of labor migration in Ukraine, we should underline that nowadays the labor outflow is extremely problematic within the country.

The learning of Migration Policy has been realized from the point of view of the principles of historicist tradition, objectivity, complementarity and reasonability, those aspects related to the methodological basis for comprehensive analysis of the subject under study.

Researching of Migration Policy in Ukraine was performed with analysis of historical, demographic, economic, social and legal aspects of development. Nowadays, educational migration has a strong influence on migration policy in the country, that’s why it’s needed to be studied deeply.

The holistic approach to the problem exploration led to the conclusion that due to the increasing volume of international labor migration, which is closely inter-related with the processes of European integration, there is an increasing need to stipulate and implement the effective migration policy, in particular, in order to reduce the emigration losses for Ukraine and provide conditions for coming of the migrants back to their country.
Theoretical and Practical Aspects of the Development of the Rule of Law State in Ukraine
Authors: Tatsiy Vasyl Ya. , Danilyan Oleg G.
Published: March 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of socio-cultural and institutional-legal features of the development of the rule of law state in Ukraine. It is noted that the development of the rule of law state in Ukraine involves the interaction of several socio-cultural, ideological and institutional-legal aspects, the implementation of which at present is burdened with various difficulties of an objective and subjective nature. In particular, the most significant problems that need to be addressed immediately are optimization of the Ukrainian government system and improvement of the quality of law-making, increasing the level of professionalism and civil liability of officials of all levels, overcoming imbalance in government and effective legal support of this process, implementation of the principles of the rule of law state taking into account the European tradition of democratic governance.
Regarding the Problem of Defining the Concept of «Administrative and Legal Provision of Citizens’ Rights»
Authors: Ivanova Hanna , Felyk Vasyl , Shopina Iryna , Bieliakov Konstantin
Published: March 2020

The purpose authors of this article aim to analyze the scientific literature on understanding the concept of “administrative and legal provision of civil rights”, its structural components and on this basis to offer our own view in regard to this administrative and legal category.

To achieve this goal, such methods of scientific knowledge were used as: formal-logical; comparative analysis; logical and legal.

Different scientific approaches and concepts to defining the notion of citizens’ rights have been analyzed in the article. On this basis the understanding of the category of “administrative and legal provision of citizens’ rights” has been improved. It includes two interrelated components – “administrative and legal” and “provision”. It has been determined that the term provision in the general sense means the creation of conditions, security, protection of something from danger. The rights of citizens as a subject matter of administrative provision have been analyzed. The features of human and civil rights have been outlined. It has been stated that human and civil rights, freedoms and legitimate interests in the modern world must be both declared in regulatory acts, and must be really guaranteed and secured by the state. It has been emphasized that officials of the state authorities, including law enforcement system, play a crucial role in the development of interaction between society, government and citizens. The main directions of ensuring the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of citizens by the norms of administrative legislation, as well as the mechanism of their implementation have been determined. The authors have offered own definition of the concept of “administrative and legal provision of citizens’ rights”.
Assessing Sustainable Development Potential of Rural Territories
Authors: Kolesnikova Elena Gennadevna , Bogdanova Marina Mihaylovna , Elistratova Tatiana Gennadevna , Levicheva Svetlana Viktorovna , Pislegina Natalia Vladimirovna
Published: March 2020

The paper presents an analysis of the resource potential of sustainable rural development in two regions of the Russian Federation, namely, the Altay territory (which is an agricultural region) and the Kemerovo region (an industrial region with an auxiliary role of agriculture). Agriculture is predominantly developing in agricultural areas represented by a comprehensive complex of resources. The lack of systemic approach in agricultural development has led to the irrational distribution of productive forces, inferior development of social and household infrastructure, and other imbalances having adverse effects on agricultural economic performance and living conditions in rural areas. To address this problem, the authors have developed an original method of resource potential analysis for rural areas, including a combination of economic, social, and infrastructure indicators.
Social Character: Issues of Methodology and Research Methods
Authors: Asadullina Guzelia Raufovna , Korovkina Natalya Vladimirovna , Sadretdinova Evellina Vinerovna , Badretdinovich Rafael Shaykhislamov , Hajrullina Nursafa Gafurovna
Published: March 2020

This article analyzes the methodological issues of the study of the phenomenon of social character. Social character is considered not as a typical (modal) individual character in society. As a systemic formation of social interactions, social character has non-additive (emergent) properties. Both individuals and various social communities are subjects of social character. At the individual level, social character is manifested as typical behavior traits in the process of communicating with different social groups. At the level of interpersonal, intergroup and mass communication, social character is a typical form of social interaction. Social character is the result of the mutual influence of subjects on individual behavior in the form of persuasion, suggestion, imitation and infection.

The article analyzes the methods of measuring social character. It presents a test developed by one of the authors (R. B Shaikhislamov) to measure the degree of inner-, tradition- and other-directedness (according to D. Riesman’ stypology). The results of the measurement of social character in the course of interviewing residents of the Republic of Bashkortostan in 2015-2016 are presented.

The authors come to the conclusion about the need for a comprehensive study of social character. The following problems are of great scientific interest. What are the emergent properties of social character in stable and unstable social situations? What are the trends of changes in the social character of Russians in the post-Soviet era? How significant are the differences in the social character of different generations, ethnic groups, residents of megacities, other cities and villages?

We note that it is necessary to develop a system of indicators to measure social character. In addition to such indicators as inner-, tradition- and other-directedness, it is necessary to measure social character by such variables as "dominance – subordination", "productivity – non-productivity", "responsibility – irresponsibility", "cooperation – isolation", "trust – distrust", "Conformity – Innovation – Ritualism – Retreatism – Rebellion".
The German Novel of the 1960-70s: Artistic Conception of History
Authors: Gilfanova Gulnara Tavkilevna , Valeeva Alfiia Revanerovna , Nikulina Elena Alexandrovna
Published: March 2020

In the German-language literature of the 1960-70s, novelistic prose emerged, which not only narrated about the German identity but also appealed to international solidarity and the formation of historical worldview. The German novel of the second half of the 20th century, associated with the original artistic conception of the history of a yet divided Germany, was given new meaning in the works of such writers as Johannes Bobrowski, Erwin Strittmatter, Franz Fühmann, and Jurek Becker. Bobrowski’s artistic style laid the foundation for a generation of writers following his original creative legacy. Thus, the goal of the study is to consider the perception and rethinking of Bobrowski’s artistic experience by the writers. This manifested in their interpretation of the “multicultural” writer’s creative method, reliving their childhood years, and introducing the reader to the history of their homeland using new literary devices.
LAPAROSCOPIC SPLENECTOMY: TECHNIQUES AND RESULTS
Authors: Ho Van Linh , Duong Xuan Loc , Hoang Trong Nhat Phuong , Nguyen Thanh Xuan , Phan Hai  Thanh , Pham Anh Vu , Pham Nhu Hiep , Le Loc
Published: March 2020

Purpose: This study was evaluated report pathology and results of laparoscopic splenectomy of the spleen disease.
Methods: All 61 pateints of laparoscopic splenectomy in Hue central hospital (2010 – 2015) are assembled, analyse the pathology, surgical techniques, complications and results.
Results: Laparoscopic splenectomy was indicated of major benign spleen disease. Mean age 36 ± 9.2 (range 16 – 71). The spleen was classification I – III stage. Successfull laparoscopic splenectomy (95,2%), two pateints were going on laparostomy. Low rate of complication is presented. Duration of stay in hospital was 5 to 7 days.
Conclusion: Laparoscopic splenectomy was safe and effective.

Key words: Laparoscopic splenectomy
CLINICAL, ENDOSCOPIC AND PATHOLOGICAL RESPONSES AFTER ERADICATION WITH RACM REGIMEN IN PATIENTS OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI-RELATED CHRONIC GASTRITIS
Authors: Thai Thi Hoai , Tran Van Huy
Published: March 2020

Background: The clinical, endoscopic and histopathological responses after Helicobacter pylori eradication in patients of chronic gastritis were still inconstant. This study is aimed at:
(1) evaluating of clinical variations, endoscopic images six months after Helicobacter pylori eradication by Rabeprazole-Amoxicillin—Metronidazole-Clarithromycin therapy for 14 days.
(2) assessing histopathological response six months after H. pylori eradication.
Method: prospective, consisting of 83 patients examined and treated in Danang hospital from 4/2014 to 6/2015.
Results: There were improvements in clinical symptoms 6 months after H. pylori eradication: epigastric pain 85.5% vs. 7.2%); bloating (97.1% vs. 4.3%); indigestion (47.8% vs. 2.9%); weight loss (17.4% vs. 1.4%); anorexia (23.2% vs. 2.9%) (p< 0.01). However, there were no improvement regarding common lesions on endoscopy, edema (33.3% increase to 71%); flat erosion and elevated erosion (15.9% vs. 8.7%); atrophy (7.2%); haemorrhagic (5.8% vs. 0%); hypertrophic (7.2% vs. 0%); bile reflux (14.5% vs. 4.3%). Regarding histopathology: active inflammation accounted for a high proportion (63.8% vs. 27.5%); non-active inflammation (36.2% increase to 72.5%); atrophy (8.7% vs. 5.8%); dysplasia (26.1% vs. 1.4%), no significant change in intestinal metaplasia was found after treatment.
Conclusions: There was an improvement in clinical symptoms and histopathological against inflammatory activity grade, dysplasia at the time before and after 6 months treatment H. pylori eradication. However, no significant change in mucosal atrophy and intestinal metaplasia was found.

Key words: chronic gastritis; H. pylori; clinical, endoscopic and pathological responses
A COMPARISON OF DISSECTION METHOD AND MONOPOLAR TOSILECTOMY
Authors: Le Thanh Thai , Dang Duy Nam
Published: March 2020

Objective: To compare the dissection and monopolar method of tonsillectomy and evaluate their advantages and disadvantages during surgery and convalescence.
Materials and Method: Descriptive, prospective, clinical trial on 76 patients who required tonsillectomy were randomly assigned to have one tonsil removed by dissection - method and the other by monopolar at Hue University Hospital and Hue Central Hospital. Main outcome measure: surgery duration, lost blood, postoperative pain, postoperative haemorrhage, recovering time.
Result: The mean time of operation related to dissection-method tonsillectomy was 18,9± 3,7 minutes and in monopolar tonsillectomy was 10,5 ±3,4 minutes. The average amount of bleeding was 13,1 ± 3,8ml and 3,1 ± 2,6ml respectively. Postoperative pain of dissection method with 6,0± 1,3 days and monopolar with 7,8 ± 2,3 days. Postoperative haemorrhage of dissection method with 5,3% and monopolar with 13,2%.
Conclusion: Although there are some advantages and disavantages in 2 methods, we should choose dissection method tonsillectomy due to its recovering time.

Key words: dissection method, monopolar method
THE STATUS OF THE TREATMENT OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY TUMORS IN HUE UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL
Authors: Le Thanh Thai , Tran Thi My Long
Published: March 2020

Objective: To evalate the status of the treatment of Ear-Nose-Throat tumor pathology in inpatients at the Department of Otolaryngology, Hue University Hospital.
Subjects and Methods: Including 183 patients diagnosed and treated with tumor at the Ear-Nose-Throat region at Department of Otolaryngology, Hue University Hospital.
Results: The percentage of female patients infected with tumors was higher than that of men (with 54.1%), but the number of men having cancer was greater than that of women with the ratio of 1.7/1. The most common reason for going to hospital was pain at Ear-Nose-Throat region, hoarseness, nasal sinus symptoms (bleeding nose, stuffy nose, spit blood...), swallowing disorders. There was 84.7% of patients detected disease before 6 months. Benign tumor accounted for 91.3%. Surgery was the main treatment methods.
Conclusions: Tumor Pathology at Ear-Nose-Throat region are more and more popular and they tend to rejuvenate. Most of them are benign disease, malignancies occur more frequently in men (ratio 1.7/1). The most popular tumors appear at throat - laryngeal (56.3%), followed by nasal sinus tumors (30.1%). The majority are diagnosed before 6 months. Surgery is the main treatment and have good results.

Key words: tumor, Hue University Hospital
RISK FACTORS OF RUPTURED ECTOPIC PREGNANCY
Authors: Le Lam Huong
Published: March 2020

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is the highest mortality cause in the first trimester of pregnancy, accounted for 4 -10%. Ectopic pregnancy which has high level of β-hCG, older gestation age makes it easy to rupture and leading to several dangerous complications.
Aim: To studiely the risk factors for ruptured ectopic pregnancy.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive, including 113 patients at Hue Central Hospital who has been diagnosed and treatment of ectopic pregnancy.
Results: The ruptured ectopic pregnancy group and unruptured ectopic pregnancy group has: > 35 years old accounted for 38.6% and 15.9%; The average age was 28.9 ± 5.4 and 27.8 ± 5.9; < 6 weeks gestational age accounted for 6,8% and 60,9%; 6 – 8 weeks gestational age was 52.3% and 34.8%, over 8 weeks has proportion of 40.9% 4.3%, respectively. The average βhCG concentration (IU/ml) in ruptured ectopic pregnancy group was 4423 ± 5879.9 IU/ml; βhCG > 5000 (IU/ml) accounted for 50%, in the unruptured ectopic pregnancy group was 2423 ± 3879,9 IU/ml; βhCG> 5000 (IU/ml) accounted for 5,8%. With maternal age > 35, the risk of ruptured ectopic pregnancy was higher 2.42(95% CI= 1.03-5.65). Gestational age > 8 weeks, the risk of ruptured ectopic pregnancy was higher 15.2(95% CI= 4.1- 56.1). The risk of ruptured ectopic pregnancy was higher 16.2 with βhCG (IU/ml) >5000 (95% CI= 5.0-52.3). The threshold predictive index of βhCG leading to ruptured ectopic pregnancy under the ROC curve was 0.9 of βhCG (95% CI= 1.1- 8.6). At the level 4190 (IU/ml) βhCG concentration corresponding to 88.6% sensitivity, 67.3% specificity.
Conclusion: According to our study, higher βhCG levels, especially >5000 IU/ml, and higher gestational age are associated with increased risk of rupture in ectopic pregnancy. It is nessecery to monitor carefully of patients with risk factors for ruptured ectopic pregnancy for suitable treatment which lead to decrease the risk of complications.

Key words: Ectopic pregnancy, abdominal ultrasound, β - hCG, complications
PATIENT SATISFACTION TOWARDS MEDICAL SERVICES OF COMMUNE HEALTH CENTERS IN THUA THIEN HUE PROVINCE
Authors: Nguyen Thi Huyen Trang , Nguyen Minh Tam
Published: March 2020

Background: Patient satisfaction is generally considered as an indicator to improve the quality of health services. Most studies on patients satisfaction in Vietnam were carried out in hospital settings while limited studies conducted in primary care settings. This study aimed to evaluate the clients’ satisfaction towards medical services of some commune health centers in Thua Thien Hue Province, Vietnam.
Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a random sample of 300 participants recruited from the list of patients using medical services in four commune health centers. The questionnaire covers five dimensions of patient satisfaction with a standardized Likert scale of 1-5 points; the higher the score, the higher the satisfaction with the service offered.
Results: A high percentage of participants (92.7%) were satisfied with medical service. The overall mean satisfaction with medical service was 3.62 out of 5 points. There were significant differences in scores of accessibility; communication skills, behaviors and attitudes of medical staffs; the results of medical service provided and the general satisfaction when comparing the rural (n=150) and the urban (n=150) areas.
Conclusions: The findings showed a high proportion of participants satisfied with medical services at commune health centers in Thua Thien Hue province while suggested several points to improve the medical services and increase the patient satisfaction.

Key words: patient satisfaction, primary health care, medical service, commune health stations
DRINKING AND DRIVING AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN BAC GIANG PROVINCE AND BINH THUAN PROVINCE
Authors: Nguyen Minh Tam , Jean-Pascal Assailly
Published: March 2020

Background: Alcohol consumption and driving after drinking have become major public health problems worldwide. Time of first getting drunk is becoming earlier among young people and alcohol has become an important risk factor for injuries, especially traffic injuries among the youth.
Objective: To assess the patterns of alcohol consumption and drink-driving behaviour of high school students aged from 15-18.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 2,625 high school students in 2 provinces of Bac Giang and Binh Thuan.
Results: The average age of first time drinking was 14.4, the average age of first time getting drunk was 15.5. The proportion of students drinking in the past year was 25.9%, of which in Binh Thuan province was 17.6% and that in Bac Giang province was 33.2%. Among students who drank before, 80% of them reported of consuming from 1 to 2 drinks, while 8.6% reported consuming 3 or 4 drinks on a typical day when drinking. The reported rate of drink-driving among these students was 12.1%.
Conclusion: Alcohol consumption and driving after drinking among high school students are alarming in Vietnam. The findings suggest an urgent need for a multi-sectorial approach to curtail drink driving among high school students in Vietnam as well as a need of developing an accessible model in the community to support young people to limit the drinking and drink-driving behavior.

Key words: alcohol consumption, drink-driving, student
İzmit Körfezi’ nde Kirletici Kaynakların Dağılımı ve Deniz Ekosistemine Etkisi
Authors: EYUBOGLU Huri , EYÜBOĞLU Ömer
Published: March 2020

İzmit
Körfezi, gerek coğrafi konumu gerekse Türkiye’nin en önemli sanayi alanını
barındırması itibari ile lojistik sektöründe çok önemli bir potansiyele
sahiptir. Körfez, coğrafi konum olarak İstanbul ve Kocaeli şehirleri arasında bulunmakta
olup Marmara denizinin doğusunu oluşturmaktadır. Sanayi yatırımlarının
kentsel alanla iç içe olması, yoğun sanayinin getirdiği çevre kirliliği, gemi
inşa sanayisinin büyümesi ve dolgu taleplerinin kıyı alanları ve ekosistemler
üzerindeki olumsuz baskısı ve Petro-Kimya tesislerinin varlığı nedeni ile etrafında
kurulu bulunan 35 adet liman-iskele ve pek çok sanayi tesisiyle İzmit Körfezi;
ekonomik açıdan önem taşımakla beraber yoğun sanayileşme ve yıllık
12.000-15.000 arası gemi trafiği sonucu çevresel kirlilik yönünden risk
altındadır(Önem, M. 2015). Körfez noktasının birinci derece deprem
kuşağında olması ve büyük aktif fayların varlığı ise bu riski tetiklemektedir.
1999 depremi ve sonuçları bunun en önemli göstergesidir.  

Bu çalışmanın amacı, evsel
veya endüstriyel girdilerdeki değişimlerin ve diğer çevresel baskıların Körfez
su kalitesine ve ekosistemine etkilerini ortaya koymak ve bu yönde
alınması gereken önlemlerin belirlenerek daha sonra yapılacağı öngörülen
çalışmalar için örnek teşkil etmektir.
Medaka (Oryzias latipes) Glukoz 6 fosfat Dehidrogenez (g6pd) Geninin Genomik Organizasyonu
Authors: BAYIR Mehtap
Published: March 2020

Ekzotermik canlılar, serbest radikallerin zararlı etkilerinden korunabilmek için güçlü enzimatik ve enzimatik olamayan antioksidan savunma sistemine gereksinim duyarlar. Çalışmada Glukoz 6 fosfat dehidrogenez (g6pd) enzim geninin tercih edilme nedeniyse, antioksidan savunma sistemin temel enzimlerinden birisi olmasıdır. Araştırmada medaka (Oryzias latipes) g6pd geninin yapısı (ekson ve intron dizilimleri, TATA kutusu, CAAT kutusu, Poli A kuyruğu) belirlenmiş, bu genin transkribe ettiği amino asitler tespit edilmiş ve diğer omurgalılarda aynı gen tarafından üretilen protein dizilimleri NCBI veri tabanı ve ENSEMBL veri tabanlarından elde edilerek Bioedit programında dizileme işlemi yapılmış, benzerlik- özdeşlik oranları % olarak hesaplanmış ve tablo olarak verilmiştir. Ayrıca yine elde edilen protein dizilimleri esas alınarak, BioEdit yazılımı ve MEGA6 programı kullanılarak, medaka (O. latipes) ve diğer bazı omurgalılar arasındaki filogenetik ilişki belirlenmiştir. Medaka g6pd geninde bulunan, sıralanmış belirleyiciler olarak tanımlanan korunmuş genlerin, zebra balığı, fugu, stickleback plati balığı ve insan g6pd genlerinin kromozomlar üzerinde bulundukları bölgeler belirlenerek manuel olarak korunmuş gen sentezi dizayn edilmiştir. Teleost balıkların stres oluşturan etmenlere karşı vermiş oldukları tepkiler, moleküler çalışmalarla ölçülmesi mümkün olan tepkilerdir ve dolayısıyla çalışılan türün genetik özelliklerinin belirlenmesi biyoteknolojik çalışmalar bakımından oldukça önemlidir. Bu nedenle biyoenformatik veri tabanları ve programları kullanılarak medaka (O. latipes) g6pd geninin karakterizasyonu ve identifikasyonu yapılmıştır. böylece balıkların moleküler stres cevabı çalışmalarında kullanılabilecek öncü veriler bu araştırma ile bilim dünyasına sunulmuştur.
Felin İdiyopatik Sistitis Tedavisinde Güncel Yaklaşımlar
Authors: ÇOLAK Zeynep Nurselin , PEKMEZCİ Didem
Published: March 2020

Evde yaşayan kedilere ait alt üriner sistem bulguları en az 80 yıldan beri veteriner literatüründe yer almaktadır. Felin İdiyopatik Sistitis (FİS) etiyolojisi bilinmeyen ve yaygın görülen bir hastalıktır. Birçok çalışmaya rağmen hastalığın patogenezi hakkında bilgilerimiz hala kısıtlı olmakla beraber var olan çok ilgi çekici ve ilginç teorilerin doğrulanmaya ihtiyacı vardır. FİS’in patogenezinde mesane, neuroendokrin sistem ve kedinin yaşadığı çevre arasında karmaşık bir ilişki bulunmaktadır. FİS teşhisi diğer Aşağı Üriner Sistem Belirtilerinin (AÜSB) dışlanması ile konulmaktadır. Hastalığın patogenezindeki yetersiz bilgilerimizin yanı sıra, etkili terapötik müdahale bilgimiz de hala prematüredir. En üst seviyedeki ve ispatlanmış çalışmalar ise FİS’li kediler için çok amaçlı terapotik üriner mama, çevresel zenginleştirme ve yaş mama ile beslemenin hastalığın yönetimini desteklediğini ortaya koymuştur. Öte yandan kronik ve tedavi edilemeyen FİS’li kedilerin Pandora sendromu yönünden ele alınmaları gerekliliği de akıldan çıkarılmamalıdır.
MEMANDANG MUKJIZAT PENYEMBUHAN DALAM TERANG IMAN
Authors: Hidayat Elvin Atmaja
Published: March 2020

Since the beginning of its existence, Christianity has been often associated with “paranormal healing”. Jesus himself, with His disciples, often performed healing as a sign of the presence of the Kingdom of God in the world, even in person who was healed. The widespread interest and belief in miracles of physical and spiritual healing, in essence, does not degrade the noble dignity of the Christian faith. On the contrary, this increasingly popular phenomenon can help the Church maintain its existence and re-articulate its relevance for the faithful. More recently, the number of these “miracle healing” groups, both outside and within the Church, is increasingly widespread and likely to obscure faith. Because of this urgency, the Church should seek ways to investigate as deeply as possible the nature of this healing, especially in order to prevent people from being astray.

 

Sejak awal keberadaannya, agama Kristen sering dikaitkan dengan “penyembuhan paranormal”. Yesus sendiri, dengan murid-murid-Nya, sering melakukan penyembuhan sebagai tanda kehadiran Kerajaan Allah di dunia, banyak orang yang disembuhkan. Pada hakekatnya, kepentingan dan keyakinan yang meluas tentang mukjizat penyembuhan fisik dan spiritual, tidak menurunkan martabat mulia iman Kristen. Sebaliknya, fenomena yang semakin populer ini dapat membantu Gereja mempertahankan eksistensinya dan mengartikulasikan relevansinya bagi umat beriman. Baru-baru ini, banyak yang mengalami “mukjizat penyembuhan”, baik di luar maupun di dalam Gereja, semakin meluas dan cenderung mengaburkan iman. Atas situasi ini, Gereja harus mencari cara untuk menyelidiki lebih mendalam hakekat mukjizat penyembuhan , terutama untuk mencegah orang dari kesesatan.