bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Applying Automated Originality Scoring to the Verbal Form of Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking
Authors: Acar Selcuk , Berthiaume Kelly , Grajzel Katalin , Dumas Denis , Flemister Charles “Tedd” , Organisciak Peter
Published: December 2021

In this study, we applied different text-mining methods to the originality scoring of the Unusual Uses Test (UUT) and Just Suppose Test (JST) from the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking (TTCT)–Verbal. Responses from 102 and 123 participants who completed Form A and Form B, respectively, were scored using three different text-mining methods. The validity of these scoring methods was tested against TTCT’s manual-based scoring and a subjective snapshot scoring method. Results indicated that text-mining systems are applicable to both UUT and JST items across both forms and students’ performance on those items can predict total originality and creativity scores across all six tasks in the TTCT-Verbal. Comparatively, the text-mining methods worked better for UUT than JST. Of the three text-mining models we tested, the Global Vectors for Word Representation (GLoVe) model produced the most reliable and valid scores. These findings indicate that creativity assessment can be done quickly and at a lower cost using text-mining approaches.
Prediction of Repeated Self-Harm in Six Months: Comparison of Traditional Psychometrics With Random Forest Algorithm
Authors: Chen Shu-Chin , Huang Hui-Chun , Liu Shen-Ing , Chen Sue-Huei
Published: December 2021

Suicidal risk has been a significant mental health problem. However, the predictive ability for repeated self-harm (SH) has not improved over the past decades. This study thus aimed to explore a potential tool with theoretical accommodation and clinical application by employing traditional logistic regression (LR) and newly developed machine learning, random forest algorithm (RF). Starting with 89 items from six commonly used scales (i.e., proximal suicide risk factors) as preliminary predictors, both LR and RF resulted in a better solution with much fewer items in two phases of item selections and analyses, with prediction accuracy 88.6% and 79.8%, respectively. A combination with 12 selected items, named LR-12, well predicted repeated self-harm in 6-month follow-up with satisfactory performance (AUC = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.76–0.92; cut-off point by 1/2 with sensitivity 81.1% and specificity 74.0%). The psychometrically appealing LR-12 could be used as a screening scale for suicide risk assessment.
Crowds, Police and Provocations: Temporal Patterns of Rioting in Britain, 1800–1939
Authors: Tiratelli Matteo
Published: December 2021

This essay develops an original, temporal approach to the study of rioting. It uses a catalogue of 414 riots from 19th- and early 20th-century Britain to identify several common developmental patterns: (1) riots often begin with provocation, intervention by the police or routines that license violence; (2) while often short-lived, riots can also be linked by cycles of revenge and the feedback loop between action and identity; (3) the state’s monopoly of organised violence was often decisive in bringing riots to an end. These findings reveal significant limits to the explanatory power of two widely used concepts in this area: triggers and identity. More interestingly, they show that this power varies meaningfully over time. I therefore argue for a properly historicised theory of rioting, drawing attention to two key sites of historical change: the norms and traditions which govern public violence, and the state’s monopoly of force.
Assessing the Impact of Holocaust Education on Adolescents’ Civic Values: Experimental Evidence from Arkansas
Authors: Lee Matthew H. , Beck Molly I.
Published: December 2021

Background

American adults overwhelmingly agree that the Holocaust should be taught in schools, yet few studies investigate the potential benefits of Holocaust education.

Objectives

We evaluate the impact of a Holocaust education conference on knowledge of the Holocaust and several civic outcomes, including “upstander” efficacy (willingness to intervene on behalf of others), likelihood of exercising civil disobedience, empathy for the suffering of others, and tolerance of others with different values and lifestyles.

Research Design

We recruit two cohorts of students from three local high schools and randomize access to the Arkansas Holocaust Education Conference, where students have the chance to hear from a Holocaust survivor and to participate in breakout sessions led by Holocaust experts.

Results

We find evidence that the conference increased participants’ upstander efficacy, but fail to reject the null hypothesis that the conference would increase participants’ knowledge or other civic attitudes.
Which factors influence the quality of end-of-life care in interstitial lung disease? A systematic review with narrative synthesis
Authors: Palmer Evelyn , Kavanagh Emily , Visram Shelina , Bourke Anne-Marie , Forrest Ian , Exley Catherine
Published: December 2021

Background:

People dying from interstitial lung disease experience considerable symptoms and commonly die in an acute healthcare environment. However, there is limited understanding about the quality of their end-of-life care.

Aim:

To synthesise evidence about end-of-life care in interstitial lung disease and identify factors that influence quality of care.

Design:

Systematic literature review and narrative synthesis. The review protocol was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020203197).

Data sources:

Five electronic healthcare databases were searched (Medline, Embase, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science) from January 1996 to February 2021. Studies were included if they focussed on the end-of-life care or death of patients with interstitial lung disease. Quality was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist for the relevant study design.

Results:

A total of 4088 articles were identified by initial searches. Twenty-four met the inclusion criteria, providing evidence from 300,736 individuals across eight countries. Most patients with interstitial lung disease died in hospital, with some subjected to a high burden of investigations or life-prolonging treatments. Low levels of involvement with palliative care services and advance care planning contributed to the trend of patients dying in acute environments. This review identified a paucity of research that addressed symptom management in the last few days or weeks of life.

Conclusions:

There is inadequate knowledge regarding the most appropriate location for end-of-life care for people with interstitial lung disease. Early palliative care involvement can improve accordance with end-of-life care wishes. Future research should consider symptom management at the end-of-life and association with location of death.
Political geography II: Violence
Authors: Fluri Jennifer
Published: December 2021

This report focuses on the diverse and multiple manifestations of political, state, and counter-state violence. Many of the examinations of political violence in this report highlight the continued need for disparate methodological and analytic lenses towards robust understandings of political violence across scales. Displacements and mobilities associated with flight from conflict are discussed in relation to the institutionalization of harm, trauma and containment through various state and supranational mechanisms of control. These mobilities include border crossings and associated violence against vulnerable populations seeking refuge. This is buttressed by discursive binary logics, such as us/them categorizations, which remain endemic to both structural and physical violence and foundational to right wing populism, jingoism, and other forms of political extremism. This report concludes by arguing the peace is not the opposite of war but rather its temporal substitute and partner in an assemblage of political and economic co-dependence.
Savoring Polishness: History and Tradition in Contemporary Polish Food Media
Authors: Bachórz Agata , Parasecoli Fabio
Published: December 2021

This article examines the future-oriented use of the culinary past in Poland’s food discourse through a qualitative analysis of popular food media (printed magazines and TV). We analyze how interpretations of food and culinary practices from the past are connected to contemporary debates. We contend that media representations of the culinary past co-create projects of Polish modernization in which diverse voices vie for hegemony by embracing different forms of engagement with the West and by imagining the future shape of the community. We distinguish between a pragmatic and a foodie type of culinary capital and focus on how they differently and at times paradoxically frame cultural memory and tradition. We observe the dynamics of collective memory and oblivion, and assess how interpretations of specific periods in Poland’s past are negotiated in the present through representations of material culture and practices revolving around food, generating not only contrasting evaluations of the past but also diverging economies of the future. Finally, we explore tradition as a set of present-day values, attitudes, and practices that are connected with the past, but respond to current concerns and visions of the future.
The Logic of the Punisher: Retrospective Voting and Hyper-Accountability in Lithuania
Authors: Jastramskis Mažvydas
Published: December 2021

This article explores the roots of electoral hyper-accountability in Central and Eastern Europe. I focus on Lithuania: a country that is a stable liberal democracy, but has re-elected none of its governments (in the same party composition) since the restoration of independence. Survey data from the Lithuanian National Election Study reveal that Lithuanian voters are constantly dissatisfied with the economy and retrospectively evaluate it worse than the objective indicators would suggest. This partially explains why the Lithuanian voters constantly turn away from the government parties at parliamentary elections. However, their subsequent choice between parliamentary and new (previously marginal) parties is another puzzle. Using the 2016 Lithuanian post-election survey, I test how retrospective voting (economic and corruption issues) and political factors (trust and satisfaction with democracy) explain vote choice between the three types of parties (governmental, oppositional, and successful new party). It appears that new parties in Lithuania capitalize on double dissatisfaction, as the logic of the punisher comprises two steps. First, due to economic discontent, she turns away from the incumbent. Second, due to political mistrust, she often turns not to the parliamentary opposition, but to new parties. An analysis of retrospective economic evaluations hints at the political roots of hyper-accountability: these two steps are connected, as dissatisfaction with democracy is a strong predictor of negative retrospective evaluations of economy. Additional analysis of the 2019 post-election survey corroborates the results and reveals that a similar logic also applies in direct presidential elections.
Towards a Sociology of Meaningful Work
Authors: Laaser Knut , Karlsson Jan Ch
Published: December 2021

In the last decade, research on the nature, impact and prospect of meaningful work has flourished. Despite an upsurge in scholarly and practitioner interest, the research field is characterized by a lack of consensus over how meaningful work should be defined and whether its ingredients are exclusively subjective perceptions or solely triggered by objective job characteristics. The disconnection between objective and subjective dimensions of meaningful work results in a hampered understanding of how it emerges in relation to the interplay of workplace, managerial, societal and individual relations. The article addresses this gap and introduces a novel sociological meaningful work framework that features the objective and subjective dimensions of autonomy, dignity and recognition as its key pillars. In this way, a framework is offered that analyses how meaningful work is experienced at the agent level, but shaped by wider dynamics at the structural level.
Numerical study of the effect of geometric parameters on compressive mechanical properties of metallic lattice cylinders
Authors: Zanganeh Amir Mahmoud , Khiavi Sina Ghaemi , Mohammad Sadeghi Bagher , Divandari Mehdi
Published: December 2021

In the current research, the numerical simulations were done on 15 cylindrical lattice specimens under compressive stress at a constant strain rate using Abaqus software. The lattice cylinders have different strut thicknesses of 3, 4, and 5 mm, and with the fillets in the radiuses of 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2 mm, respectively. The mechanical properties of the AlSi11Cu2 (Fe) aluminum alloy were used. The Mises stress distribution was evaluated to determine the effect of fillet radius on the lattice structure for the strut thickness of 3 mm. Also, the effective strain distribution of the lattice structure was investigated after different stages of deformation. After comparing the simulation results, it was shown that by applying fillets with a radius of 0.3 mm in lattice cylinders, the maximum energy absorption and maximum force can be achieved at the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) point. Also, the optimal strain can be obtained at the UTS point.
Dysregulation of tRNA-derived small RNAs and their potential roles in lupus nephritis
Authors: Liang Yan , Zhang Ji , Qiu Wenxian , Chen Bo , Zhou Ying , Chen Xiaoqian , Shentu Yangping , Zhang Huidi , Bai Yongheng , Chen Chaosheng
Published: December 2021

Objective

Lupus nephritis (LN) is a major end-organ complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and the molecular mechanism of LN is not completely clear. Accumulating pieces of evidence indicate the potential vital role of tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) in human diseases. Current study aimed to investigate the potential roles of tsRNAs in LN.

Methods

We herein employed high‐throughput sequencing to screen the expression profiles of tsRNAs in renal tissues of the LN and control groups. To validate the sequencing data, we performed quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis. Correlational analysis of verified tsRNAs expression and clinical indicators was conducted using linear regression. The potential target genes were also predicted. The biological functions of tsRNAs were annotated by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis.

Results

Our findings revealed that the expression profiles of tsRNAs were significantly altered in the kidney tissues from LN patients compared with control. Overall, 160 tsRNAs were significantly dysregulated in the LN group, of which 79 were upregulated, whereas 81 were downregulated. Subsequent qRT-PCR results confirmed the different expression of candidate tsRNAs. Correlation analysis results found that expression of verified tsRNAs were correlated to clinical indicators. The target prediction results revealed that verified tsRNAs might act on 712 target genes. Further bioinformatics analysis uncovered tsRNAs might participate in the pathogenesis of LN through several associated pathways, including cell adhesion molecules, MAPK signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and B cell receptor signaling pathway.

Conclusion

This study provides a novel insight for studying the mechanism of LN.
Translating Member Ability Into Group Brainstorming Performance: The Role of Collective Intelligence
Authors: Ostrowski Benjamin , Williams Woolley Anita , Haan Ki-Won
Published: December 2021

In investigating how member ability is translated into group brainstorming performance, it was predicted that a group’s collective intelligence (CI) would enable it to capitalize on member ability while maximizing process gains and mitigating process losses. Ninety-nine groups were randomly assigned to complete a short brainstorming task using a hybrid (individual-group work) or collective (only group work) task structure. High CI groups were better than low CI groups at translating member ability into group brainstorming performance. Additionally, this hybrid structure was more beneficial for low CI groups than for high CI groups in generating total ideas.
Stability of the critical equilibrium of a compressed column on a Winkler foundation
Authors: Gao Mingzhi , Jin Ming
Published: December 2021

In this paper, the critical equilibrium of a simply supported compressed column on a Winkler foundation is analyzed based on Koiter’s theory. The exact expression of the potential energy functional is presented. By the Fourier series of the disturbance deflection, the second-order variation of the potential energy is expressed as a quadratic form. At critical equilibrium, the second-order variation of the potential energy is semi-positive definite, so that the stability of the critical equilibrium is determined by the sign of the fourth-order variation or sixth-order variation. It can be seen that only in two small ranges of elastic-foundation stiffness is the corresponding critical state stable and the bifurcation equilibrium upward. Then, the theoretical results of this paper are compared with previous experimental and theoretical results.
Impact of COVID-19 on Youth With ADHD: Predictors and Moderators of Response to Pandemic Restrictions on Daily Life
Authors: Rosenthal Eliana , Franklin-Gillette Sara , Jung Hi Jae , Nelson Amanda , Evans Steven W. , Power Thomas J. , Yerys Benjamin E. , Dever Bridget V. , Reckner Erin , DuPaul George J.
Published: December 2021

We examined COVID-19 symptoms and infection rates, disruptions to functioning, and moderators of pandemic response for 620 youth with ADHD and 614 individually matched controls (70% male; Mage = 12.4) participating in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development study. There were no group differences in COVID-19 infection rate; however, youth with ADHD were more likely to exhibit COVID-19 symptoms ( d = 0.25), greater sleep problems ( d = −0.52), fear and negative emotions to infection risk ( d = −0.56), trouble with remote learning ( d = −0.54), rule-breaking behavior related to COVID-19 restrictions ( d = −0.23), family conflict ( d = −0.13), and were less prepared for the next school year ( d = 0.38). Youth with ADHD were less responsive to protective environmental variables (e.g., parental monitoring, school engagement) during the pandemic and may need more specialized support with return to in-person schooling and daily activities.
Where Did the Midline Catheter Disappear?
Authors: Soták Michal , Čapek Viktor , Tyll Tomáš
Published: December 2021

Intravascular catheter break off is a rare complication during insertion or nursing care. We report the intravascular break off of a midline catheter after wound dressing change and its migration into the pulmonary artery. The broken piece of catheter was removed percutaneously using a snare kit.
Netflix in Turkey: Localization and audience expectations from video on demand
Authors: Ildir Asli , Celik Rappas Ipek A
Published: December 2021

Drawing on in-depth interviews with users of Netflix and the local streaming service BluTV as well as analysis of press releases, and original TV series produced by these platforms, this study explores the emergence and impact of Video on Demand (VOD) in Turkey. It examines how VOD is adopted, negotiated, reformulated, and received in a non-Western context where global and local VOD platforms compete, substitute and emulate each other. We ask the following research question: What are Turkish audiences’ social, psychological and technological needs and expectations from global and local VOD platforms? In order to respond to this question, we explore Turkish audiences’ insight into what VOD means to them and offers them as content, in comparison with platforms’ marketing discourse. The article argues that a) the local content that platforms offer is a central juncture through which audiences articulate their larger expectations from VODs, and b) Netflix’s localization attempts do not always correspond with the audience demand, it is heavily critiqued and at times rejected by the local audience. The findings of this research indicate that the expectations, needs, and gratifications of Netflix and VOD audiences depend on three factors: Their interpretation of VODs’ local content in relation to their cultural experience with broadcast TV, their technological needs such as instant access to global content and time/space shifting opportunities, and lastly the political context and policies such as the internet regulation and censorship. The significance of this is study is in showing, as distinct from the abundant literature on localization of Netflix, the complexity of local taste. Audiences’ evaluation of a VOD is shaped simultaneously by multiple factors including their experiences with network TV, other VODs, media regulations as well as informal networks/piracy.
“Every Parade of Ours is a Pride Parade”: Exploring LGBTI+ digital activism in Turkey
Authors: Kilic Onur
Published: December 2021

This article analyses the #HerYürüyüşümüzOnurYürüyüşü (Every Parade of Ours is a Pride Parade) hashtag campaign for 2019 Pride month in Turkey, expressing the collective frustration of the LGBTI+ community against long-lasting bans for LGBTI+ events and public assembly. Drawing on a digital ethnography from Twitter, the article explores networked resistances within the complexity of online and offline entanglements of activism during Istanbul Pride 2019. The multimodal discourse analysis conducted in this article focuses on the interactions of digital affordances and embodied street actions in rearticulating queer political places. The study emphasizes the important role of hashtag activism in the (re)making of place as a trans-located experience, as well as affording emergent LGBTI+ resistances.
Entrepreneurial action and unprecedented uncertainty: The cases of New South Wales regional hospitality and tourism firms
Authors: O’Shea Michelle , Duarte Alonso Abel , Kok Seng Kiat , Vu Oanh Thi Kim
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study is to deepen emerging knowledge concerning the experiences of hospitality and tourism businesses operating in a regional setting in dealing with the uncertain environment caused by the COVID-19 crisis. Considering the conceptual pillars of entrepreneurial action, the study proposes a theoretical framework that extends the understanding of this unsettling and fluidly emerging phenomenon from a firm perspective. On-site, face-to-face interviews with ten owners and managers in regional New South Wales, Australia, contributed to the development of four different conceptual dimensions. First, the non-action-driven opportunity dimension underscores unintended positive outcomes from the crisis, while a second, action-driven opportunity illustrates initiatives business owners/managers implement to anticipate, minimise or exploit emerging opportunities. Third, the non-action-driven threat dimension is associated with negative outcomes from the crisis, and the last, strategy-driven opportunity, suggests changes, for instance, in firms’ business model with the goal of creating future opportunities.
Safety and Ease of Sheath Insertion During Endovascular Treatment Via the Common Femoral Artery After Endarterectomy With Autologous Repair: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Katsui Sotaro , Igari Kimihiro , Nishizawa Masato , Kudo Toshifumi
Published: December 2021

Background Endovascular treatment (EVT) using the common femoral artery (CFA) for access after endarterectomy (EA) may result in sheath insertion difficulties because of subcutaneous scar tissue, as well as difficulties with hemostasis. We evaluated the safety of CFA access and the ease of sheath insertion over time after EA. Method We included 19 patients (21 limbs, 40 cases) in whom the CFA was used after EA with autologous repair as an access route in EVT for peripheral arterial disease in our institution from January 2013 to December 2020. Nine limbs underwent simple closure repair and 12 underwent autologous patch repair. Difficult sheath insertions were defined as those in which additional devices (stiff guidewire or a smaller diameter sheath for dilation) were used for scheduled sheath insertion. The inability to insert a sheath with the scheduled diameter was defined as a failed sheath insertion. We evaluated the EVT timing after EA for difficult sheath insertions, and whether the CFA was repaired with simple closure or autologous patch repair during EA surgery. Results There were 10 (25%) difficult sheath insertions, with one (2.5%) failure. The rate of difficult sheath insertions peaked from 6 months to 1 year after EA and gradually decreased (47% from 6 months to 3 years, 14% thereafter). There were more statistically significant difficult sheath insertions with simple closure repair (50%) than with autologous patch repair (12%) (P = 0.018). Hemostasis devices were used in 90% of EVT cases. The median maximum sheath diameter was 6 Fr (mean = 5.8 Fr). None of the cases required surgical procedures to achieve hemostasis after EVT. Conclusion EVT may be performed safely using the CFA after EA. The difficulty of sheath insertion may differ depending on the EVT timing after EA; it was more difficult with simple closure than with autologous patch repair, possibly related to scar formation.
Carotid endarterectomy in asymptomatic octogenarians: Outcomes at 30 days and 5 years
Authors: Ucci Alessandro , de Troia Alessandro , D’Ospina Rita Maria , Pedrazzi Giuseppe , Nabulsi Bilal , Azzarone Matteo , Perini Paolo , Massoni Claudio Bianchini , Rossi Giulia , Freyrie Antonio
Published: December 2021

Background

The following study investigated the 30-day and 5-year relative survival rate and freedom from neurological events in asymptomatic carotid stenosis (ACS) octogenarians who had undergone elective carotid endarterectomy (CEA).

Methods

Between January 2008 and June 2014, a retrospective review was conducted on ACS patients who had undergone elective CEA. The patients’ sample was divided into two groups: Group A (GA) included octogenarians and Group B (GB) included younger patients. The GA patients were subjected to a risk-scoring system and follow-up. The two groups were compared analysing the following primary endpoints: 30-day mortality, stroke, stroke/death and acute myocardial infarction (AMI); GA patients’ survival rate and freedom from neurological events at 5 years. The 30-day secondary endpoints included carotid shunting, redo surgical, need for general anaesthesia with preserved consciousness (GAPC) conversion and length of hospital stay.

Results

We identified 620 patients with ACS, of them 144 (23.2%) belonged to the GA and 476 (76.8%) belonged to the GB. No statistical difference between the two groups was found regarding the primary and secondary endpoints. One hundred nineteen of 144 GA patients (82.6%) underwent the follow-up; the median follow-up was 78.3 months. The GA patients’ 5-year survival rate was 62%, while freedom from cerebral events was 94.9%. Analysis regarding GA patients’ 5-year survival rate revealed a significantly lower percentage among the patients with a severe risk score compared with those with a moderate risk score (respectively, 29.5% vs 67.7%; p = .005). The multivariate analysis showed that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) were independently associated with lower survival.

Conclusions

The 30-day outcomes of CEA in octogenarians are comparable to those in younger patients. Comprehensive life expectancy and preoperative score, rather than age alone, should be taken into account before performing CEA on octogenarian patients, considering the short- and long-term efficacy in stroke prevention.
Lightwave-reinforced stem cells with enhanced wound healing efficacy
Authors: Kim Yu-Jin , Jeon Hye Ran , Kim Sung-Won , Kim Yeong Hwan , Im Gwang-Bum , Im Jisoo , Um Soong Ho , Cho Sung Min , Lee Ju-Ro , Kim Han Young , Joung Yoon Ki , Kim Dong-Ik , Bhang Suk Ho
Published: December 2021

Comprehensive research has led to significant preclinical outcomes in modified human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs). Photobiomodulation (PBM), a technique to enhance the cellular capacity of stem cells, has attracted considerable attention owing to its effectiveness and safety. Here, we suggest a red organic light-emitting diode (OLED)-based PBM strategy to augment the therapeutic efficacy of hADSCs. In vitro assessments revealed that hADSCs basked in red OLED light exhibited enhanced angiogenesis, cell adhesion, and migration compared to naïve hADSCs. We demonstrated that the enhancement of cellular capacity was due to an increased level of intracellular reactive oxygen species. Furthermore, accelerated healing and regulated inflammatory response was observed in mice transplanted with red light-basked hADSCs. Overall, our findings suggest that OLED-based PBM may be an easily accessible and attractive approach for tissue regeneration that can be applied to various clinical stem cell therapies.
Prosthetic management of unilateral transradial amputation and limb deficiency: Consensus clinical standards of care
Authors: O’Brien Erin , Stevens Phillip M , Mandacina Steve , Jackman Craig
Published: December 2021

Introduction

Upper limb research is currently lacking detailed clinical guidance on the provision of unilateral transradial prostheses. Clinical practice guidelines are meant to serve as assistance for the decision-making process, and Delphi surveys have been used with increasing frequency within orthotics and prosthetics to create these guidelines for clinical practice.

Methods

A three round Delphi survey was used to gain consensus on clinical statements regarding unilateral transradial prostheses.

Results

We achieved consensus (> 80% agreement) on a total of 40 statements by surveying 22 experts on upper limb prosthetics over three rounds of surveys. Response rate ranged from 81.8–86.4% with a total of 55 total statements under consideration throughout the duration of the survey. The 40 passing statements were arranged into nine guidelines for provision of prosthetic care in this population.

Conclusions

The Delphi technique allowed for the creation of a set of clinical practice guidelines for the unilateral transradial patient in the absence of conclusive empirical evidence.
A systematic review on spiritual modeling: Opportunities and challenges in religious education
Authors: del Castillo Fides , Sarmiento Philip Joseph
Published: December 2021

This article presents the challenges and possibilities of integrating spiritual modeling as an approach to religious education. Spiritual modeling is an emerging concept in the field of religious development, specifically in the social cognitive theory of Albert Bandura. A systematic literature review of the principles and concepts of spiritual modeling was conducted. Findings and recommendations are discussed in line with the current state of religious education, particularly in the context of Philippine Catholic schools.
Which Service Attributes Sway Internet Service Providers? Analysis Through Triangulation Approach
Authors: Mahmood Asif , Manzoor Shazia
Published: December 2021

Internet service providing industry is considered a mainstay for all types of organizations all over the world. In order to be competitive, internet service providers (ISPs) need to realize that all service quality attributes do not carry the same value in customers’ eyes. Therefore, the present study proposes a rationally appealing methodological framework for prioritizing attributes of the SERVQUAL model without restricting them to their dimensions. The responses on 22 attributes of service quality collected from 401 internet users were processed through a triangulation approach comprising three ranking methods: Relative to an Identified Distribution Integral Transformation (RIDIT), Grey Relational Analysis (GRA), and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). A correlational study of these results was also computed using Spearman’s rank-order correlation coefficient, which proved positive. The consistent outcomes reveal a definite set of users’ priorities for the quality attributes of internet services, and it denies the general thought that the rate of internet service providers is the primary concern of customers. The findings uniquely contribute by highlighting important facets of service quality from customers’ viewpoint. The study would benefit ISPs to empathize customers’ needs corresponding to essential attributes. In this way, they would be able to rationalize the budget for top-ranked features, and redesign operational strategies accordingly.
Conjoined tendon preserving posterior approach in hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fractures: A prospective multicenter clinical study of 322 patients
Authors: Nakamura Takuya , Yamakawa Toru , Hori Junji , Goto Hisataka , Nakagawa Akihiko , Takatsu Tetsuro , Naoki Osamura  , Saito Atsushi , Keisuke Hagio  , Mouri Kanto
Published: December 2021

Purpose

The posterior approach is widely used in femoral hemiarthroplasty. The major problem with this approach is the high risk of postoperative dislocation. A modified posterior approach, the conjoined tendon preserving posterior approach (CPP), was developed to reduce postoperative dislocations. The objective of this multicenter study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of hemiarthroplasty performed using the CPP approach for femoral neck fractures.

Methods

A total of 322 patients with femoral neck fracture, from 10 facilities, were prospectively studied. Bipolar hemiarthroplasty using the CPP approach was performed, using the same type of implants. Hip joint movement was not restricted following surgery, regardless of a patient’s cognitive status. Final follow-up was performed 9.1 ± 1.5 months after surgery.

Results

Hemiarthroplasty was undertaken in 320 patients using the CPP approach. The mean age, operative time, and intraoperative blood loss were 83.3 ± 7.4 years, 70.0 ± 22.7 min, and 134.8 ± 107.9 mL, respectively. No postoperative dislocations were observed during the study period. Intraoperative adverse events related to the hip joint included femoral fractures in five patients (1.6%) and trochanteric fractures in four patients (1.3%). Postoperative hip joint adverse events included a periprosthetic fracture in one patient (0.3%), deep infection in two patients (0.6%), and stem subsidence in one patient (0.3%). Postoperative deaths occurred in 23 patients (7.2%). One patient (0.3%) had a severe non-hip adverse event unrelated to surgery that prevented independent living, while five patients (1.6%) had a moderate non-hip adverse event that required treatment.

Conclusion

The CPP approach prevented postoperative dislocation following femoral hemiarthroplasty in elderly patients, with no CPP-associated specific adverse events.
Clinical outcome of Maggot Debridement Therapy followed by Negative Pressure Wound Therapy for chronic hand wound with Multi-Drug Resistant Organism infection: Two cases and review of the literature
Authors: Phang Zi Hao , Khoo Saw Sian , Gunasagaran Jayaletchumi , Tunku Ahmad Tunku Sara
Published: December 2021

The advancement in science and research has led to development of medical maggots which feed exclusively on dead tissue. Medical maggots have three important functions namely debridement, disinfection, and stimulation of wound healing. The modern use of medical maggots now goes by the term “Maggot Debridement Therapy” (MDT) for use in wound management. MDT is still used infrequently due to the effectiveness of surgical debridement and antibiotics for treatment of wound infection. Lately, there was emergence of Multi-Drug Resistant Organism (MDRO) likely due to inappropriate antibiotics usage. Maggot secretions have been shown to be effective in inhibiting some MDRO, for example, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, thus making MDT an attractive option for wounds with MDRO. We report two patients with multiple medical comorbidities, diagnosed with serious MDRO Diabetic Hand Infections treated with three cycles of MDT followed by Negative Pressure Wound Therapy.
A Different Experience in a Different Moment? Teachers’ Social Media Use Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Aguilar Stephen J. , Rosenberg Joshua M. , Greenhalgh Spencer P. , Fütterer Tim , Lishinski Alex , Fischer Christian
Published: December 2021

Teachers participate in professional learning activities to enhance their pedagogical knowledge and share best practices—and the increasing role of technologies in education, including social media, is shifting how this professional learning occurs. The COVID-19 pandemic provided an opportunity to consider the role of social media for professional learning. Using intensive longitudinal methods, we repeatedly surveyed 14 teachers’ use of social media both before and during the pandemic (N = 386 total responses). We found patterns in social media platforms uptake and their purposes, but teachers’ use of social media was largely idiosyncratic. Also, teachers demonstrated notable shifts in social media use after the pandemic started; multilevel models indicated that teachers were more likely to use social media to connect and share, especially, as well as learn and follow, compared with before the pandemic. Higher levels of COVID-19-related family stress were also associated with more use of social media to find materials.
Connection Through Calls: The Impact of a Seniors Center Without Walls on Older Adults’ Social Isolation and Loneliness
Authors: Roland Heather , Ilin Shpilkerman Yana , Schaub Jessica , Comeau Ann-Carol
Published: December 2021

The Edmonton Seniors Centre Without Walls program provides free health, psychosocial, and educational telephone programming for older adults who experience multiple barriers to traditional in-person programming. The aim of this program evaluation was to assess outcomes of participation using validated scales of loneliness and psychosocial and health quality of life. Telephone interviews were conducted pre ( n = 160) and post ( n = 99) with participants. Given the variation in average attendance, results were assessed by level of participation: Low, Moderate, and High Users. There was statistically significant improvement in all participants’ attitudes towards their self-realization and towards energy levels, and EQ-5D-5L anxiety/depression scale after participation, along with a significant reduction in feelings of social isolation. The highest rates of improvement were seen within High Users. These findings suggest that telephone-based programs could be a useful intervention to improve the wellbeing and socially connectedness of older adults.
Factors Associated With Obtaining Lung Cancer Screening Among Persons Who Smoke
Authors: Maki Kristin G. , Liao Kaiping , Lowenstein Lisa M. , Lopez-Olivo M. Angeles , Volk Robert J.
Published: December 2021

Background. Screening with low-dose computed tomography scans can reduce lung cancer deaths but uptake remains low. This study examines psychosocial factors associated with obtaining lung cancer screening (LCS) among individuals. Methods. This is a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial conducted with 13 state quitlines’ clients. Participants who met age and smoking history criteria were enrolled and followed-up for 6 months. Only participants randomized to the intervention group (a patient decision aid) were included in this analysis. A logistic regression was performed to identify determinants of obtaining LCS 6 months after the intervention. Results. There were 204 participants included in this study. Regarding individual attitudes, high and moderate levels of concern about overdiagnosis were associated with a decreased likelihood of obtaining LCS compared with lower levels of concern (high levels of concern, odds ratio [OR] 0.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.04–0.65; moderate levels of concern, OR 0.15, 95% CI 0.05–0.53). In contrast, higher levels of anticipated regret about not obtaining LCS and later being diagnosed with lung cancer were associated with an increased likelihood of being screened compared with lower levels of anticipated regret (OR 5.59, 95% CI 1.72–18.10). Other potential harms related to LCS were not significant. Limitations. Follow-up may not have been long enough for all individuals who wished to be screened to complete the scan. Additionally, participants may have been more health motivated due to recruitment via tobacco quitlines. Conclusions. Anticipated regret about not obtaining screening is associated with screening behavior, whereas concern about overdiagnosis is associated with decreased likelihood of LCS. Implications. Decision support research may benefit from further examining anticipated regret in screening decisions. Additional training and information may be helpful to address concerns regarding overdiagnosis.
Temporal dynamics, patterns and correlates of single and multimorbidity in India, 1994–2018
Authors: Puri Parul , Singh Shri Kant , Pati Sanghamitra
Published: December 2021

Objective

As a consequence of the epidemiological transition, multimorbidity has been identified as a critical public health challenge in India. The majority of the studies in the domain are grounded on hospital-based data or are based on small sample size, findings from which can only be generalized to a specific sub-group. These studies recommend exploring multimorbidity holistically at a national level to ensure adequate healthcare management in the country. Therefore, the present study examines the pattern and correlates of single and multimorbidity over the past two decades in India.

Methods

The study utilized data on 397901, 257519, and 399705 individuals from 52nd (1994–1995), 60th (2004–2005), and 75th (2018) rounds of cross-sectional data from the National Sample Survey (NSS). Univariate, bivariate, and multivariable statistical methods were applied to draw inferences from the data. The findings depict an increase in single and multimorbidity burden over individuals’ age and NSS rounds.

Results

Hypertension and diabetes were the fastest-growing morbidities over time. Higher education, urban residence, and belonging to an affluent class were significantly associated with both single and multimorbidity occurrence over time.

Conclusion

The burden of single and multimorbidity increases over time among India’s older adults. Therefore, there is an urgent need to recuperate chronic disease management strategies for older adults in the Indian healthcare infrastructure.
RSDM: A Powerful Direct Method to Predict the Asymptotic Cyclic Behavior of Elastoplastic Structures
Authors: Spiliopoulos Konstantinos V. , Kapogiannis Ioannis A.
Published: December 2021

Mechanical engineering structures and structural components are often subjected to cyclic thermomechanical loading which stresses their material beyond its elastic limits well inside the inelastic regime. Depending on the level of loading inelastic strains may lead either to failure, due to low cycle fatigue or ratcheting, or to safety, through elastic shakedown. Thus, it is important to estimate the asymptotic stress state of such structures. This state may be determined by cumbersome incremental time-stepping calculations. Direct methods, alternatively, have big computational advantages as they focus on the characteristics of these states and try to establish them, in a direct way, right from the beginning of the calculations. Among the very few such general-purpose direct methods, a powerful direct method which has been called RSDM has appeared in the literature. The method may directly predict any asymptotic state when the exact time history of the loading is known. The advantage of the method is due to the fact that it addresses the physics of the asymptotic cycle and exploits the cyclic nature of its expected residual stress distribution. Based on RSDM a method for the shakedown analysis of structures, called RSDM-S has also been developed. Despite most direct methods for shakedown, RSDM-S does not need an optimization algorithm for its implementation. Both RSDM and RSDM-S may be implemented in any Finite Element Code. A thorough review of both these methods, together with examples of implementation are presented herein.
Impact of age and sex on the efficacy of fremanezumab in patients with difficult-to-treat migraine: results of the randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 3b FOCUS study
Authors: MaassenVanDenBrink Antoinette , Terwindt Gisela M. , Cohen Joshua M. , Barash Steve , Campos Verena Ramirez , Galic Maja , Ning Xiaoping , Kärppä Mikko
Published: December 2021

Background

Migraine prevalence is age and sex dependent, predominating in women in early and middle adulthood; however, migraine also represents a substantial burden for men and adults of all ages. Thus, understanding this burden and the efficacy of migraine preventive medications in both sexes and across age groups is critical. The randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, phase 3b FOCUS study demonstrated the safety and efficacy of fremanezumab, a fully humanized monoclonal antibody (IgG2∆a) that selectively targets calcitonin gene-related peptide as a migraine preventive treatment for individuals with migraine and prior inadequate response to 2 to 4 migraine preventive medication classes. Here, we assessed the efficacy of fremanezumab in participants from FOCUS subgrouped by age (18–45 years and > 45 years) and sex.

Methods

In the FOCUS study, eligible participants were randomized (1:1:1) to 12 weeks of double-blind treatment with quarterly fremanezumab, monthly fremanezumab, or matched monthly placebo. In this post hoc analysis, we evaluated changes from baseline in monthly migraine days (primary endpoint of FOCUS) and other secondary and exploratory efficacy outcomes in prespecified age (18–45 and > 45 years) and sex subgroups.

Results

The modified intention-to-treat population (received ≥ 1 dose of study drug and had ≥ 10 days of postbaseline efficacy assessments for the primary endpoint) totaled 837 participants (18–45 years, n = 373; > 45 years, n = 464; male, n = 138; female, n = 699). Consistent reductions in monthly average number of migraine days during 12 weeks were observed, regardless of age (18–45 years: quarterly fremanezumab, − 4.1 days; monthly fremanezumab, − 4.7 days; placebo, − 0.9 days; P < 0.001; > 45 years: quarterly fremanezumab, − 3.6 days; monthly fremanezumab, − 3.7 days; placebo, − 0.3 days; P < 0.001) and sex (male: quarterly fremanezumab, − 4.1 days; monthly fremanezumab, − 4.6 days; placebo, − 0.3 days; P < 0.001; female: quarterly fremanezumab, − 3.6 days; monthly fremanezumab, − 3.9 days; placebo, − 0.6 days; P < 0.001). Fremanezumab also reduced monthly headache days of at least moderate severity, monthly days of acute medication use, and improved Migraine Disability Assessment scores across subgroups.

Conclusions

These results demonstrate the efficacy of fremanezumab in patients with difficult-to-treat migraine for reducing migraine and headache days, acute medication use, and disability, regardless of age or sex.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03308968 (FOCUS), registered October 13, 2017.