bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Expression Levels of Some Apoptotic and Oxidative Genes in Sheep with Sarcocystosis
Authors: Yüksek Veysel , Orunç Kılınç Özlem , Dede Semiha , Çetin Sedat , Ayan Adnan
Published: January 2023

Sarcocystosis is a zoonotic protozoon-related disease with a very broad intermediate host spectrum. These protozoon parasites lead to tissue loss in their intermediate hosts. The purpose of this study was to present the mRNA expression levels of some genes belonging to the oxidative stress and apoptosis pathway systems in tissue damage caused by sarcocystosis. In this study, the material consisted of infected tissue taken from sheep esophagus determined to be sarcocystosis-infected and esophageal tissues taken from healthy sheep. The expression levels of the GPX1, SOD1, SOD2, NCF1and Nos2 genes that play a role in the oxidative stress mechanism and the caspase 3, 8, 9 and BCL-2 genes that play a role in the apoptosis mechanism were determined by RT-qPCR. As a result of the study, it was determined that, with increased oxidative stress, the gene expressions related to the relevant enzyme systems also increased, and in relation to this increase, the caspase enzyme genes that are effective in cell death were up-regulated. These results may shed light on similar studies for understanding and preventing damage mechanisms that may form as a result of sarcocystosis. As a result, it is understood that increased oxidative stress parameters and increased apoptosis in sarcocystic tissue in sheep cause tissue loss. We think that understanding the molecular mechanisms of this disease is clinically important in the treatment of parasitic diseases and in the prevention of economic losses that may occur as a result of the disease.
Natural antioxidants improve pulmonary hypertension syndrome and change blood profile in broiler chicken
Authors: Zarei Hamed , Sadr Moghani Edris
Published: January 2023

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of vitamins C and E and garlic powder on hetrophil/lymphocyte and right ventricle (RV)/total ventricle (TV) ratio as well as lipid peroxidation levels in BC with PHS induced by T3 administration. A total of 225 chickens (Ross 308, 1 day old) were randomly divided into five equal groups (n=45) including the control (received standard basal diet (RSBD)+1.5 mg/kg of T3), sham (RSBD over period study), and the vitamin C (RSBD+1200 PPM of vitamin C+1.5 mg/kg of T3), the vitamin E (RSBD+400 mg/kg of vitamin E+1.5 mg/kg of T3), the garlic (RSBD +1% garlic+1.5mg/kg of T3) groups. T3 was administrated at days 7 to 49 of age. At days 21,35 and 49 post- reared, 15 chicks from each group were randomly selected, scarified and blood parameters including lymphocytes, heterophil, hetrophil/lymphocyte and RV/TV ratio as well as lipid peroxidation were assayed. The decreased the RV/TV ratio in the all treatment groups compared to control group indicate that PHS-induced by administration of T3 improve by adding of vitamins E, vitamin C and garlic to basal diet. The highest and lowest mean percentage of heterophil was belonged to the control and sham groups on 35 and 49 days of age, respectively. The highest mean percentage of heterophil/lymphocyte ratio was belonged to the control groups on days of 35, and 49 of age. The adding of vitamin C and garlic to basal diet resulted in a significant increase in the mean percentage of lymphocyte compared to the control and the vitamin E groups on days 35 and 49 of age. In conclusion the natural antioxidants such as garlic, vitamins E and C can improve the increased RV/TV and heterophil/lymphocyte ratios in the blood profile of broiler chickens with PHS due to reduce lipid peroxidation.
Effect of udder type on udder traits, milk yield and some physicochemical characteristics of milk in Awassi ewes
Authors: Şeker I , Köseman A , Kul S , Şeker P , Koçyiğit S
Published: January 2023

In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of udder type on milk yield, udder and teat traits, and some physicochemical properties of milk in 54 Awassi ewe aged 3-4 years. In this study, Type-3 udder, which was reported to be prevalent in breeded Awassi ewes. Type-4, Type-5, and Type-6 udders were not detected in ewes. The lactation period, lactation, and the daily average milk yield values were calculated as 208.33 days, 138.59 liters, and 659.49 ml, respectively. The 90th day of lactation measurements were as follows: udder circumference (44.58 ± 0.51 cm), udder width (13.20 ± 0.36 cm), udder depth (17.66 ± 0.58 cm), udder volume (881.25 ± 37.41 ml), teat length-right (3.84 ± 0.15 cm), teat length-left (3.64 ± 0.17 cm), teat diameter-right (2.07 ± 0.14 cm). The values of the physicochemical characteristics of milk generally showed an increase from the beginning to the middle periods of lactation and then decreased. In conclusion, udder type had no significant effect on the lactation period, milk yield, udder and teat characteristics and the physicochemical properties of milk in Awassi ewes. New studies are required in the determination of the yield and other characteristics of ewes in Turkey.
Seroprevalence and risk factors assessment of Brucella spp. in dairy buffaloes in mainland Greece.
Authors: Papapostolou A , Petridou EJ , Papageorgiou K , Stournara A , Benos A , Lafi S , Giadinis N
Published: January 2023

Brucellosis is an infectious bacterial disease caused by members of genus Brucella, affecting both animals and humans, and resulting in both serious economic losses in animal production sector and deterioration of public health. A cross-sectional study was conducted from January to August of 2018 to determine the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of bovine brucellosis, in Central Macedonia and East Macedonia and Thrace, in mainland Greece. A total of 1,255 blood samples were collected using a simple random sampling technique from dairy buffaloes older than12 months. All serum samples were analyzed with Rose Bengal Test for screening and Complement Fixation Test for confirmation of the positive samples. Accordingly, the overall individual-level seroprevalence of dairy buffaloes in the study area was 0.72% (9/1,255, 95% CI:0.32-1.36%) while the overall herd-level seroprevalence was 15.38% (4/26, 95% CI:6.15-33.53%). Moreover, information was gathered on demographic characteristics of the owners, individual animals and herd level risk factors and other farm characteristics using a questionnaire. Higher prevalence of Brucella spp. was observed in buffaloes bred under intensive and semi-intensive feeding systems, compared to those bred under extensive ones. High seroprevalence of brucellosis was also observed in medium size herds. Two of the herds had recorded history of the disease, the last five years while, in these two herds delays in the implementation of brucellosis eradication programs were revealed. The present study indicated that the occurrence of brucellosis in Greece dairy buffalo farms is at a low magnitude. Even though the seroprevalence is low, it can still be potential hazard for both susceptible animals and humans
Couverture et page de titre
Authors: Constantopoulou Christiana
Published: January 2023

Couverture et page de titre
Identités nationales dans un monde globalisé : quelques notions préliminaires.
Authors: Spurk Jan
Published: January 2023

La nation et l’identité nationale sont de nouveau des sujets centraux dans les médias, dans les discours politiques mais également dans les visions du monde des citoyens.
European criminal cooperation: Confiscation and protection of human rights in the post Brexit period
Authors: Phil John
Published: January 2023

This work tries to analyze the international cooperation models in the field of seizure and confiscation that are defined in a limited space through the Conventions of the Council of Europe of 1990 and 2005. We proceed with the latest Regulation (EU) 2018/1805 as well as with the agreement on trade and cooperation of 24 December 2020. Note the points of reference and analysis of all three models and operating schemes on the protection of human rights. We also focused on the post-Brexit situation where the United Kingdom, despite its exit from the Union hall, will have to comply with the standards of protection of rights as established by Union law, interpreted by the CJEU and with the aim of continuing the criminal cooperation with the other Member States of the Union.
The free objective evaluation of the evidence in European criminal law
Authors: Satlanis Christos
Published: January 2023

The Court must, when it gives reasons for its decision and it reports on the discovered facts, the evidence obtained and set as the basis of its findings, the claims of the parties and particularly of the accused, which must be answered, and the legal considerations for the interpretation and application of the rule of law, further act a free and objective assessment of evidence. This means, among other things, that it must give reasons for giving or not giving a certain faith to certain evidence and in particular to explain why it chose those as the basis of its findings, although there were others which gravitated to the opposite version. In each case this assessment and justification should respect to the rules of logic, the lessons of common experience and the safe diagnoses of science and technique. These are objective criterias for the evaluation of the evidence, which introduce some limitations on the principle of free assessment of evidence, so that it does not lead to arbitrary and unfair decisions.
Status detentionis, human dignity and protection of human rights in the European criminal law
Authors: Volger Claus
Published: January 2023

Human life and dignity, the status of prisoners, their problems and rights after the Tampere European Council and the CFREU are still an ongoing topic and main objective for the European area of freedom, security and justice. Their implementation is a very difficult path not due to the overcrowding of the European prison system but also due to the lack of internal, national rules that hinder human dignity and life of prisoners. The jurisprudence of the two European Courts (Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU and European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) is rich and indirectly it highlights a continuous impartial dialogue to address delicate problems of vulnerable people such as prisoners and still unresolved issues that are based on articles of the treaty of Lisbon and the Charter of the Fundamental Rights of the European Union (CFREU).
Online marketing and brand awareness for HEI: A review and bibliometric analysis
Authors: Bohara Sailaja , Bisht Vashali , Suri Pradeep , Panwar Diksha , Sharma Jyoti
Published: January 2023

Background: Many studies have been conducted on higher education institutions (HEI) regarding advertising, promoting, branding, social media marketing, and student enrollment. We investigated the gap in these studies by using bibliometric analysis and comprehensive science mapping in the field of HEI online marketing and brand awareness.

Methods: The study used a web-based application, biblioshiny, which comes in the bibliometrix package. The study used the Scopus database to create the data set, given its conventional construction and quality of the sources. The analysis done is descriptive analysis. By using the bibliometrix software, the study showed the authors name, articles, sources, citations, relevant journals and co-citation from the year 2017 to 2022.The time period selected by the study was five years which means that articles published from 2017 to 2022 have been taken for the study.

Results: We found that HEI online marketing and brand awareness have not been explored much. The study highlighted that HEI online marketing is a topic that has been developing but has not reached the stage of maturity. Publications on this topic have decreased since 2020. Also, the role of brand awareness in student enrollment decision for HEI requires more investigation. The ways in which brand awareness affects the choice of HEI should be studied. Most of the publications were from sources like higher education, higher education advertising and technology.

Conclusions: This subject has been researched, but not much. This paper has given a path for interdisciplinary approaches that can be further explored in the field of higher education and marketing. Further, it gives opportunity to examine publications patterns through different authorships, co-authors, collaborations, relevant sources and citations. The insights of this paper will help education policymakers to devise more creative strategies to increase enrollment. This would give an in-depth understanding of this field to the readers.
Appreciating visual arts may not foster medical diagnosis skills
Authors: Matsumoto Koji
Published: January 2023

Background: This article examined intervention studies that used appreciation of visual arts to foster observation skills and discussed their effectiveness in making accurate diagnoses in terms of expertization. 

Methods: In order to collect journal articles and academic books (written in English) on empirical intervention studies that examined the use of visual arts for cultivating observation skills in health professionals’ education and training, the author first targeted articles that had been included in previous systematic reviews. In addition, they conducted a manual search. From this body of literature, the author selected studies that objectively measured observation skills only through the appreciation of visual art. They collected and read around 300 articles and selected 12 studies after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. 

Results: This article revealed no concrete evidence on whether appreciating visual art contributes toward an accurate diagnosis. Extant studies determined that such appreciation facilitates the observation of more visual features and a detailed view over time. However, they did not confirm the positive effects of appreciating visual arts on an accurate diagnosis. This article also confirmed that such appreciation does not reduce misdiagnoses or develop tolerance toward ambiguity that prevents premature closure. Moreover, the transfer of observation skills from one context to another is unlikely to be as successful as the intervention studies had intended. 

Conclusions: For fostering diagnostic skills, providing students with many instances of medical cases and appropriate knowledge to evoke implicit learning for extracting subtle differences in the cases, should be prioritized over visual art appreciation. On the other hand, such appreciation may foster verbalization skills and understanding or extraction of the patient’s background and context. These competencies may cultivate teamwork and perspective-taking, indirectly leading to an accurate diagnosis.
Poetics is in the Genes. A Manifesto
Authors: Merilai Arne
Published: January 2023

The manifesto “Poetics is in the Genes” reveals the commonality between poetics and genetics for the first time. Outside of cellular biology attempts have been made in both (text)linguistics and semiotics to describe the genome and its interactions as similar to language. However, the approach of this interpretation relies particularly on the poetic function of language and its underlying self-referentiality as the starting point. Poetic relevance reveals itself explicitly in its relationship to the cutting-edge concept of CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats), which thematises abundant metric and figurative phenomena and terms on several levels: accumulation, regularity, interval, different repetitions, rhythm, iamb/trochee, stressed/unstressed units, longitude, orchestration; equivalency, substitution, connotation, contrast, analogy; synecdoche, metonymy, metaphor, irony, symbol, paradox, implicature, epithet, simile; palindrome, chiasmus, ellipsis, zeugma, calembour, polysyndeton; poem, verse, stanza, chapter, refrain, (identical) rhyme, collage/bricolage, plot, composition, text, hypertext, architext, palimpsest; graphic imagery, symmetry/asymmetry; homonyms, synonyms, antonyms, archaisms, neologisms; words, phrases, sentences, syntax, definition, quote; cacophony/noise, harmony; spatial and time deixis; self-reflexivity of the utterance and utterer. From this perspective, life stems from primordial poetics as the first level. It is a convincing enough association to apply poetic analysis to the free interpretation process of genomes. A universal law of nature is that symmetry dictates design (including asymmetry): poetics is everywhere.
About the Authors
Authors: Authors About
Published: January 2023

About the Authors
La imagen estereotipada de Hungría transmitida por Vicente Blasco Ibáñez
Authors: Alvarado Salustio , Bojničanová Renáta
Published: January 2023

The stereotypical image of Hungary transmitted by Vicente Blasco Ibáñez. This study focuses on stereotyped images and topics relating to Hungary and the Hungarians, as presented by the Spanish writer Vicente Blasco Ibáñez in his travel book Oriente (The Orient), written in 1907 en route to the Ottoman Empire. Two chapters from part one of the book are about a stage in his journey that was a boat trip along the Danube, starting in Vienna and finishing in Budapest. This section of the book deals with the Hungarian Kingdom within the Austro-Hungarian Empire. In these chapters the author displays a rudimentary knowledge of Hungarian history, and interprets the political and social reality of the country in a simplistic, topical, distorted way. The author describes the landscape and the historic monuments, as well as making a political analysis of the ambitions of Hungarians within the Empire. He compensates for his his lack of knowledge by offering his readers stereotyped images of what, in his time, would be seen as typically Hungarian. Nevertheless, he succeeds in foretelling the collapse of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and suggests this would happen as a consequence of an armed conflict, even though he cannot imagine how near in time it actually was, or the circumstances surrounding it.
Theological Discourse in the Formation of the Literary Tale: How Worldview came to Dominate Narrative
Authors: Matiychak Aliona , Chervinska Olha , Nikoriak Natalia , Basniak Tetiana , Tychinina Alyona
Published: January 2023

This study is motivated by new perspectives that help to expend the boundaries of multidisciplinary research. The article examines the discourse on the literary tale with regard to its theological specificity of narrative and how worldview came to dominate it. The most significant examples of German, Russian, Polish, Romanian and Ukrainian tales are analysed, taking into consideration national ethos. The specifics of the genre are explored in their historical and cultural contexts, with an emphasis on the difference between the literary tale and the folktale. Previous research indicates that the poetics of literary tales of this type has not been studied sufficiently. The paper aims to examine the literary tale within an ethno-national historical context, considering the main aspects of the Christian religious ethos of the 19th century. Our methodology includes an integrative multidisciplinary approach that combines the principles of historical poetics, hermeneutics, receptive poetics and classical methods of folkloristics in the light of transitivity theory.

The findings support the idea that reception peculiarities of Christian tale poetics predominantly focus on plot development, personosphere, chronotope, Christian tokens, divine symbols and paradigms. The focused was both on the encoded religious intentions of literary tales (requiring receptive decoding of allusions) and the transparently expressed appeals to God with an emphasis on Christian hermeneutic instruction. Accordingly, fabulous archetypes related to religious morality were analysed using the example of Pushkin’s literary tales.

Overall, distinction between the genres of Christian fairy tale, Christmas tale and Christian fantasy appeared to be the most productive. We conclude that the genre matrix of the fairy tale remains open to various modifications, and consequently, fairy tale narrative structures when combined with Christian motifs actuate other genre forms. We emphasise that reception of theological discourse on a literary tale depends on the readers’ psycholinguistic competencies and the peculiarities of their religious identity.
Choroba i archiwum. Medycyna w twórczości Leo Lipskiego
Authors: Hellich (Osińska) Olga
Published: January 2023

Celem artykułu jest wykazanie, że tematem spajającym teksty literackie i materiały archiwalne Leo Lipskiego jest choroba. Autorka wychodzi od wskazania wątków medycznych w życiu i twórczości autora Piotrusia, zarówno pojawiających się w biografii Lipskiego (koneksje rodzinne, trudne doświadczenia z dzieciństwa, doświadczenie niepełnosprawności, zatrudnienie w charakterze pomocnika lekarza), jak i powracających w intelektualnej fascynacji, której ślady można odnaleźć również w jego utworach literackich. Następnie, w zasadniczej części artykułu, szuka źródeł tego typu inspiracji w niepublikowanych dotąd materiałach archiwalnych: listach, notatkach i zapiskach, wychodząc przy tym z założenia, że archiwum Lipskiego jest trwale związane z jego twórczością. Zgromadzone materiały dzieli – pod kątem ich relacji względem opublikowanych tekstów autora Piotrusia – na trzy grupy: 1) protezy języka, protezy narracyjne, 2) pola referencyjne oraz 3) fragmenty odrzucone. Szczegółowe omówienie – w kolejnych podrozdziałach – materiałów z każdej z tych grup pozwala rzucić nowe światło na rozmaite wątki opublikowanej twórczości Lipskiego, jak również na tło ich powstawania, a nawet na problematyczną kwestię (współ)autorstwa niektórych z nich. Ostatecznie zaś prowadzi autorkę do konkluzji, że splot zainteresowań i doświadczeń Lipskiego – choroby, niepełnosprawności, zaburzenia – wpływał na rodzaj wybieranych przez niego strategii twórczych, a problematyka medyczna była stałym elementem jego pisarskiej wyobraźni oraz stanowiła ważne intertekstualne odniesienie w jego utworach o charakterze literackim.
DEMOCRATIZACIÓN DE LA TECNOLOGÍA: EMISORES CONTEMPORÁNEOS.
Authors: Herrera González Isabel
Published: January 2023

El presente trabajo propone una reflexión en torno al papel de la figura del creador contemporáneo en el panorama actual del arte digital. El recorrido empieza con una posible aproximación a la cartografía del arte digital, examinando las posibilidades que ha ofrecido en el campo de creación el empleo del ordenador como ‘máquina universal’. Para tal fin, se revisaron fuentes bibliográficas de las últimas dos décadas de desarrollo tecnológico, contrastándolas con testimonios de artistas contemporáneos. Se plantea cómo la democratización progresiva de las herramientas de creación, sumado al efecto nivelador inducido por el uso de una tecnología cada vez más avanzada, habría dado lugar a la disolución del límite entre creador-emisor y espectador-receptor, posibilitando la llegada al medio digital de nuevos temas. Apoyándonos en nociones de semiótica, se insiste en la función comunicativa de la obra de arte, señalando cómo la instantaneidad ligada a Internet habría favorecido la expansión de la imagen digital como medio de comunicación. Finalmente, se alude al surgimiento del ‘usuario’ (ligado al modelo cibernético de comunicación) como receptor contemporáneo, un receptor que exige una participación e interactividad cada vez mayores en la pieza de arte; circunstancia que, según apuntan los autores, parece hacer necesario buscar nuevas estrategias de comunicación y que estaría desembocando en el desarrollo de una nueva estética.
MEMORIA DEL I CONGRESO INTERNACIONAL SOBRE ARTES DIGITALES.
Authors: Rodríguez Vázquez Juan Antonio
Published: January 2023

Mediante esta información queremos dejar constancia del desarrollo del I Congreso Internacional sobre Artes Digitales celebrado en la Universidad de Sevilla en 2022, cuya temática fue “Lo desenfocado”
LAS ÓRDENES RELIGIOSAS FRENTE A LA CONGREGACIÓN GENERAL DE INDIOS EN NUEVA ESPAÑA: MEDIACIÓN E INTERESES PROPIOS.
Authors: Aguirre Salvador Rodolfo
Published: January 2023

A fines del siglo XVI, los frailes tuvieron su propia interpretación sobre la congregación de pueblos de indios, que difería en puntos importantes del proyecto virreinal. Su meta fue dosificar las reducciones y permitir, en acuerdo con los indios, sólo aquellas que impactaran menos el status quo. En este trabajo se analizan los intereses defendidos, los argumentos y la participación de los frailes frente al proceso de congregación general impulsado por los virreyes en el centro de Nueva España.
LA PROVISIÓN DE CARGOS DE SUBDELEGADOS EN LA INTENDENCIA DE CHIAPAS (1786-1821).
Authors: Parrilla Albuerne Ana
Published: January 2023

En este artículo se analizan las provisiones de cargos de subdelegado dentro de la Intendencia de Ciudad Real, mediante el examen de diferentes tipos de documentos: las hojas de méritos y servicios presentadas por los interesados en obtener un puesto de subdelegado, las ternas elevadas al presidente de la Audiencia para la determinar quién ocuparía el cargo y los nombramientos en el periodo comprendido entre 1786 y 1821.
Spoiled for Choice? Personalized Recommendation for Healthcare Decisions: A Multiarmed Bandit Approach
Authors: Zhou Tongxin , Wang Yingfei , Yan Lu (Lucy) , Tan Yong
Published: January 2023

Choice overload is a common problem in many online settings, including healthcare. Online healthcare platforms tend to provide a large variety of behavior intervention information or programs to help individuals modify their lifestyles to improve wellness. However, having too many options can significantly increase searching cost, prevent users from discovering the truly relevant interventions, and harm users’ long-term healthcare decision-making efficiency. This motivates us to propose a personalized healthcare recommendation system to provide tailored support for individuals’ intervention participation. The proposed framework, a deep-learning and diversity-enhanced multiarmed bandit (DLDE-MAB), integrates several predictive and prescriptive analytics components to combat the unique challenges presented in the healthcare recommendation setting. It leverages online machine learning to provide adaptive and real-time support, a theory-guided diversity promotion scheme to cover multiple healthcare needs, and deep learning to further enhance dynamic context representation. Through extensive experiments, we show that the proposed framework outperforms various competing models in terms of its adaptivity to data dynamics, diversity, and uncertainty. The proposed model and evaluation results provide important implications for business intelligence and personalized, contextualized, and agile healthcare decision making.
Non-invasive respiratory support in the management of COVID-19: a synthesis of systematic reviews
Authors: Hill James Edward , Hebatalla Abdelaal , Hamer Oliver , Gomez Katalin Ujhelyi , Harrison Joanna , Bongers Thomas
Published: January 2023

Hospitalised patients with COVID-19 often require oxygen because of the increased risk of hypoxia, and one of the main treatment goals is to avoid mechanical ventilation where possible. Non-invasive respiratory support such as high-flow nasal oxygen, bi-level positive airway pressure and continuous positive airway pressure appear to be clinical alternatives. However, further research is needed to assess the effectiveness of non-invasive respiratory support and its varying modes as a treatment for COVID-19 within a diverse population. This commentary aims to critically appraise three reviews concerning the use of non-invasive respiratory support in patients with COVID-19 and expand upon the findings with regards to clinical practice.
Contraception after the age of 40: a guide for nurses
Authors: Kipps Sarah
Published: January 2023

Sarah Kipps details what factors must be considered when advising older patients on birth control
Vaginal candidiasis in pregnant women: A guide for nurses
Authors: Perry Margaret
Published: January 2023

Margaret Perry looks at how this common infection can affect women during pregnancy
The ‘Right to Repair’
Authors: Vogt Simon
Published: January 2023

Faced with extending a product's lifespan, manufacturers need to think about product repairability at the design stages.
The Road to Amsterdam
Authors: Allen James
Published: January 2023

Intertraffic’s biennial Amsterdam event will soon be opening its doors and there is much to whet the appetite of any serious traffic technology professional.
Big On Electric
Authors: Roper Jack
Published: January 2023

THE LAUNCH OF THE 525-60E TELEHANDLER MARKS NOT ONLY A NEW CHAPTER IN THE ILLUSTRIOUS HISTORY OF JCB'S ICONIC LOADALL RANGE, BUT ALSO THE PUSHING OF THE BOUNDARIES OF ALTERNATIVELY FUELLED VEHICLES - IT IS THE OEM'S LARGEST ELECTRIC MACHINE TO DATE
Optimising Battery Temperature
Authors: Soepnel Jeroen
Published: January 2023

A NEW SCALABLE, PLUG-AND-PLAY BATTERY THERMAL MANAGEMENT SOLUTION OFFERS THE ANSWER FOR EVERY TYPE OF ELECTRICAL VEHICLE
Making the Right Coupling Choice
Authors: Assi Sergio
Published: January 2023

QUICK COUPLINGS PIONEER STUCCHI SUGGESTS CHARACTERISTICS TO CONSIDER WHEN PURCHASING SUCH SOLUTIONS
A Display for Any Application
Authors: Maynard James
Published: January 2023

A NEW 12IN PROGRAMMABLE DISPLAY HAS BEEN DEVELOPED TO THRIVE IN THE MOST RUGGED MOBILE ENVIRONMENTS
Clean Energy
Authors: Roper Jack
Published: January 2023

Riding Sunbeams and Network Rail have teamed up to investigate how power from solar farms can provide traction energy for electrified trains, making the already sustainable form of transport even cleaner
Charting the future of optical access networks: an operator’s perspective [Invited]
Authors: Wey Jun Shan , Khotimsky Denis A. , Watts Mark T. , Yadav Rajesh
Published: January 2023

When an end customer praises or complains about “Internet,” the chances are the subject of the conversation is specifically the access network. Yet network operators were relatively slow introducing optical technologies into the access segment of data communications compared with backbone and metro. However, once fiber appeared in the access, the field quickly became a fertile ground of technological innovations. Based on Verizon’s experience, we analyze the operator’s broadband deployments, review the standardization landscape, and discuss recent innovations in optical access.
Suppressing effects of micro-vibration for MTF measurement of high-resolution electro-optical satellite payload in an optical alignment ground facility
Authors: Kim Shinwook , Youk Youngchun
Published: January 2023

Sensitivity to micro-vibration generated in an optical alignment ground facility increases with the optical aperture of the electro-optical payload mounted on the remote sensing satellite. The micro-vibration distorts the edge spread function (ESF) and changes the modulation transfer function (MTF) value during MTF measurements. Here, an ESF reconstruction network (ESFNet) is proposed to reconstruct the ESF distorted by micro-vibration. A proxy ground-truth ESF dataset for stable training of the proposed ESFNet via a supervised learning method is introduced. The proposed method is robust against both overfitting and underfitting for distorted parts of the ESF caused by micro-vibration. Experiments using ESF obtained in the facility with real micro-vibration show that the measurement error of MTF is around 0.02% when the ESFs are reconstructed using the proposed ESFNet.
Performance analysis for OFDM-based multi-carrier continuous-variable quantum key distribution with an arbitrary modulation protocol
Authors: Wang Heng , Pan Yan , Shao Yun , Pi Yaodi , Ye Ting , Li Yang , Zhang Tao , Liu Jinlu , Yang Jie , Ma Li , Huang Wei , Xu Bingjie
Published: January 2023

Multi-carrier continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) is considered to be a promising way to boost the secret key rate (SKR) over the existing single-carrier CV-QKD scheme. However, the extra excess noise induced in the imperfect multi-carrier quantum state preparation process of N subcarriers will limit the performance of the system. Here, a systematic modulation noise model is proposed for the multi-carrier CV-QKD based on the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). Subsequently, the performance of multi-carrier CV-QKD with arbitrary modulation protocol (e.g. QPSK, 256QAM and Gaussian modulation protocol) can be quantitatively evaluated by combining the security analysis method of the single-carrier CV-QKD. Under practical system parameters, the simulation results show that the SKR of the multi-carrier CV-QKD can still be significantly improved by increasing the carrier number N even with imperfect practical modulations. Specifically, the total SKR of multi-carrier CV-QKD can be optimized by carefully choosing N. The proposed model provides a feasible theoretical framework for the future multi-carrier CV-QKD experimental implementation.
Chiral hybrid waveguide-plasmon resonances
Authors: Chen YiJing , Yang Zheng , Wang LiuLi , Dong Wen , Chen Zhuo
Published: January 2023

We investigate the chiroptical responses of the hybrid systems consisting of metal-insulator-metal (MIM) gammadion arrays on top of a dielectric slab waveguide. We demonstrate that both the transverse magnetic (TM) and transverse electric (TE) waveguide modes could be coupled to the antisymmetric localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) of the individual MIM-gammadions, leading to the formation of narrow hybrid waveguide-plasmon resonances (WPRs), of which the TM-WPR is less dependent while the TE-WPR is highly dependent on the handedness of the incident light. Associated with the excitation of the TE-WPRs, strong negative and positive circular dichroism (CD) peaks with high quality factors could be obtained on the short-wavelength and long-wavelength side of the LSPRs of the MIM-gammadion, respectively. Moreover, we show that the variation on either the lattice period or slab waveguide thickness allows for easily tuning the TE-WPRs based CD peaks over a relative wide spectral range. Our proposed hybrid system provides tunable and strong CD responses with narrow linewidth, which may have applications in chiral selective imaging, chiral plasmonic bio-sensing and spectroscopy.
Pulsed-lighting LED luminaire for agriculture with a geometrical optical solution
Authors: Chen Fangcai , Zheng Jianan , Ma Haoyu , Zhang Wei , Fan Liulu , Zhang Fangxin , Li Ming , Abaker Omer Altyeb Ali , Zhang Xinyu , Liu Wen
Published: January 2023

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are the 4th plant supplemental lighting source. Pulsed lighting is benefit to increase energy utilization efficiency in greenhouse production. A pulsed-lighting LED luminaire with geometrical optical solution is proposed to overcome the shortcoming with pulse width modulation (PWM) solution. In addition, this luminaire also achieves uniform lighting by designing optical surfaces. In the illumination area, the lighting frequency is 117.6 Hz and the illuminance uniformity is 0.789, which is better than 0.75 (+/- 12.5%). In an actual planting experiment of Brassica chinensis, the average fresh weight of the plants under the pulsed-lighting LED luminaire was 33.1% higher than that under the conventional LED luminaire. The results showed that the energy utilization efficiency of the pulsed-lighting LED luminaire is 22.9% higher than that of the conventional LED luminaire.
Reconfigurable superdirective beamshaping using a PTX-synthesis metasurface
Authors: Ha Trung Dung , Sun Chia-Heng , Farhat Mohamed , Chen Pai-Yen
Published: January 2023

Parity-time-reciprocal scaling (PTX)-symmetry has been recently proposed to tailor the resonance linewidth and gain threshold of non-Hermitian systems with new exhilarating applications, such as coherent perfect absorber-laser (CPAL) and exceptional point (EP)-based devices. Here, we put forward a nearly-lossless, low-index metachannel formed by PTX-symmetric metasurfaces operating at the CPAL point, supporting the undamped weakly-guided fast wave (leaky mode) and thus achieving ultradirective leaky-wave radiation. Moreover, this structure allows for a reconfigurable and tunable radiation angle as well as beamwidth determined by the reciprocally scaled gain-loss parameter. We envision that the proposed PTX-symmetric metasurfaces will shed light on the design of antennas and emitters with ultrahigh directionality, as well as emerging applications enabled by extreme material properties, such as epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) and beyond.
Historic samples reveal loss of wild genotype through domestic chicken introgression during the Anthropocene
Authors: Wu Meng Yue , Forcina Giovanni , Low Gabriel Weijie , Sadanandan Keren R. , Gwee Chyi Yin , van Grouw Hein , Wu Shaoyuan , Edwards Scott V. , Baldwin Maude W. , Rheindt Frank E.
Published: January 2023

Human activities have precipitated a rise in the levels of introgressive gene flow among animals. The investigation of conspecific populations at different time points may shed light on the magnitude of human-mediated introgression. We used the red junglefowlGallus gallus, the wild ancestral form of the chicken, as our study system. As wild junglefowl and domestic chickens readily admix, conservationists fear that domestic introgression into junglefowl may compromise their wild genotype. By contrasting the whole genomes of 51 chickens with 63 junglefowl from across their natural range, we found evidence of a loss of the wild genotype across the Anthropocene. When comparing against the genomes of junglefowl from approximately a century ago using rigorous ancient-DNA protocols, we discovered that levels of domestic introgression are not equal among and within modern wild populations, with the percentage of domestic ancestry around 20–50%. We identified a number of domestication markers in which chickens are deeply differentiated from historic junglefowl regardless of breed and/or geographic provenance, with eight genes under selection. The latter are involved in pathways dealing with development, reproduction and vision. The wild genotype is an allelic reservoir that holds most of the genetic diversity ofG.gallus, a species which is immensely important to human society. Our study provides fundamental genomic infrastructure to assist in efforts to prevent a further loss of the wild genotype through introgression of domestic alleles.
Cultivating resilience and hope: A qualitative study of a pilot program using patient navigators to assist men who have sex with men with retention in the HIV care continuum in Uganda
Authors: Larsson Markus , N’Diaye Arielle , Lusimbo Richard , Agardh Anette
Published: January 2023

In Uganda, due to the criminalization of same-sex sexual practices, men who have sex with men (MSM) experience barriers to accessing HIV care. To retain patients within the HIV Care Continuum, some health interventions have used patient navigators as an ancillary support service. To understand the potential care benefits of using patient navigators for marginalized populations experiencing challenges to HIV care and treatment access in a Ugandan context, this qualitative study explored the experiences of newly diagnosed MSM using patient navigators for ARV retention in care in Kampala. Additionally, to gain insight into the feasibility of patient navigator interventions, this study also aimed to understand the perspectives and experiences of patient navigators working with HIV positive MSM. Individual in-depth, semi structured interviews were conducted with 24 HIV positive MSM and four patient navigators that were part of a patient navigator pilot program from January 2019 –December 2020. Analysis was done using manifest and latent qualitative content analysis. Results showed that HIV positive MSM in Uganda experienced a variety of social, emotional, and financial challenges that placed them at risk for dropping off the HIV Care Continuum. Patient navigators provided HIV positive MSM with the skills, support, and resources necessary to overcome these challenges. Based on study results, we conclude that within the patient navigator pilot program, patient navigators improved MSM participants’ quality of life by helping them to achieve the HIV Care Continuum stages: diagnosis, linked to care, receiving HIV treatment, and retention in care. Study results suggest future research is needed on the psychosocial support needs of patient navigators, how the support needs of MSM change throughout their lifetime on the HIV Care Continuum, and how potential benefits of patient navigators may differ in rural Ugandan contexts.
Qualitative hepatitis C virus RNA assay identifies active infection with sufficient viral load for treatment among Phetchabun residents in Thailand
Authors: Pratedrat Pornpitra , Nilyanimit Pornjarim , Wasitthankasem Rujipat , Posuwan Nawarat , Auphimai Chompoonut , Hansoongnern Payuda , Pimsing Napaporn , Ngamnimit Saranya , Thongmai Chaiwat , Phaengkha Wijittra , Wanlapakorn Nasamon , Vongpunsawad Sompong , Poovorawan Yong
Published: January 2023

The World Health Organization envisions the elimination of viral hepatitis by 2030 through reducing prevalence and transmission, increasing diagnostic screening, and expanding treatment coverage. Efforts to micro-eliminate hepatitis in Phetchabun province in Thailand, a region where the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and liver cancer is higher than elsewhere in the country, began with evaluating the province-wide burden of HCV. Here, we describe a feasibility study to assess active HCV infection by screening Phetchabun residents ages 35 to 69 years for anti-HCV antibodies by using a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) at the point of care. Positive anti-HCV results were further evaluated for active infection using qualitative HCV RNA assay, followed by quantitative HCV viral load determination in a subset of samples. Currently, we have identified 6.2% (10,621/170,163) anti-HCV positive individuals, of whom 74.9% (3,930/5,246) demonstrated detectable viral RNA. Quantitative test found that 97.5% (1,001/1,027) had HCV viral load ≥5,000 IU/mL. Thus, primary screening with anti-HCV RDT followed by qualitative HCV RNA evaluation could identify active and chronic HCV infection in almost all individuals with a viral load ≥5,000 IU/mL, which is the current threshold for treatment dictated by Thailand’s National Health Security Office. Our data suggest that qualitative HCV RNA evaluation may obviate the need for the more expensive quantitative HCV viral load test and reduce a significant barrier toward HCV elimination in a middle-income country.
A mouse-tracking study of the composite nature of the Stroop effect at the level of response execution
Authors: Quétard Boris , Spatola Nicolas , Parris Benjamin A. , Ferrand Ludovic , Augustinova Maria
Published: January 2023

By forcing selection into response execution processes, the present mouse-tracking study investigated whether the ongoing process of response selection in the colour-word Stroop task is influenced by conflict and facilitation at both the level of response and stimulus. Mouse-tracking measures including partial errors provided credible evidence that both response and semantic conflict (i.e., distinct constituents of interference) contribute to the overall Stroop interference effect even after a response has been initiated. This contribution was also observed for the overall facilitation effect (that was credibly decomposed into response and semantic components in response times but not in mouse deviation measures). These results run counter to the dominant single-stage response competition models that currently fail to explain: 1) the expression of Stroop effects in measures of response execution and; 2) the composite nature of both interference and facilitation. By showing that Stroop effects–originating from multiple levels of processing–can cascade into movement parameters, the present study revealed the potential overlap between selection and execution process. It therefore calls for further theoretical efforts to account for when, where and under what conditions Stroop effects originating from different loci are controlled.
Individual and community-level factors associated with iron-rich food consumption among children aged 6–23 months in Rwanda: A multilevel analysis of Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Eshetu Habitu Birhan , Diress Mengistie , Belay Daniel Gashaneh , Seid Mohammed Abdu , Chilot Dagmawi , Sinamaw Deresse , Simegn Wudneh , Tareke Abiyu Abadi , Seid Abdulwase Mohammed , Andualem Amare Agmas , Bitew Desalegn Anmut , Gela Yibeltal Yismaw , Kibret Anteneh Ayelign
Published: January 2023

Background

Iron-rich food consumption has an invaluable effect for neonatal and fetal brain development as well as metabolic activities. Despite the public health importance of the consumption of iron-rich foods, there was no study, that assessed iron-rich food consumption in Rwanda. Therefore this study aimed to assess iron-rich food consumption and associated factors among children aged 6–23 months using Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey (RDHS).

Methods

Secondary data analysis was done using RDHS-2019/20. Total weighted samples of 2455 children aged 6–23 months were included. Data coding, cleaning, and analysis were performed using Stata 16. Multilevel binary logistic regression were performed to identify factors associated with iron-rich food consumption. Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with a 95% CI, and p-value <0.05 were used to declare statistical significance.

Results

The prevalence of good iron-rich food consumption was 23.56%(95% CI: 21.92,25.28). Northern province of Rwanda (AOR  =  0.26,95%CI: 0.15,0.46), mothers secondary education and above (AOR: 2.37, 95% CI: 1.41, 4.01), married mothers (AOR:1.31, 95% CI: 1.01,1.71), rich wealth status (AOR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.48, 2.86), having post-natal visit (AOR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.10,1.91), mothers media exposure (AOR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.22, 2.52) and drugs given for intestinal parasite (AOR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.04, 1.80) were associated with iron-rich food consumption.

Conclusions

This study shows that overall iron-rich foods consumption was low in Rwanda. The residing in the North province, mother’s secondary and higher educational status, married marital status, rich and middle wealth status, having media exposure, drugs given for intestinal parasites, and having child’s post-natal checkup were variables significantly associated with iron-rich food consumption. The region-based intervention will improve the consumption of iron-rich food. In addition, health policies and programs should target educating mothers/caregivers, encouraging parents to live together, improving their wealth status, working on mass media access by the women, and encouraging mothers post-natal checkups to improve iron-rich food consumption.