bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dilution effect in bovine tuberculosis: risk factors for regional disease occurrence in Africa
Authors: Huang Zheng Y. X. , de Boer Willem F. , van Langevelde Frank , Xu Chi , Ben Jebara Karim , Berlingieri Francesco , Prins Herbert H. T.
Published: June 2013

Changes in host diversity have been postulated to influence the risk of infectious diseases, including both dilution and amplification effects. The dilution effect refers to a negative relationship between biodiversity and disease risk, whereas the amplification effect occurs when biodiversity increases disease risk. We tested these effects with an influential disease, bovine tuberculosis (BTB), which is widespread in many countries, causing severe economic losses. Based on the BTB outbreak data in cattle from 2005 to 2010, we also tested, using generalized linear mixed models, which other factors were associated with the regional BTB presence in cattle in Africa. The interdependencies of predictors and their correlations with BTB presence were examined using path analysis. Our results suggested a dilution effect, where increased mammal species richness was associated with reduced probability of BTB presence after adjustment for cattle density. In addition, our results also suggested that areas with BTB infection in the preceding year, higher cattle density and larger percentage of area occupied by African buffalo were more likely to report BTB outbreaks. Climatic variables only indirectly influenced the risk of BTB presence through their effects on cattle density and wildlife distribution. Since most studies investigating the role of wildlife species on BTB transmission only involve single-species analysis, more efforts are needed to better understand the effect of the structure of wildlife communities on BTB dynamics.
Can settlement in natal-like habitat explain maladaptive habitat selection?
Authors: Piper Walter H. , Palmer Michael W. , Banfield Nathan , Meyer Michael W.
Published: June 2013

The study of habitat selection has long been influenced by the ideal free model, which maintains that young adults settle in habitat according to its inherent quality and the density of conspecifics within it. The model has gained support in recent years from the finding that conspecifics produce cues inadvertently that help prebreeders locate good habitat. Yet abundant evidence shows that animals often fail to occupy habitats that ecologists have identified as those of highest quality, leading to the conclusion that young animals settle on breeding spaces by means not widely understood. Here, we report that a phenomenon virtually unknown in nature, natal habitat preference induction (NHPI), is a strong predictor of territory settlement in both male and female common loons (
Gavia immer
). NHPI causes young animals to settle on natal-like breeding spaces, but not necessarily those that maximize reproductive success. If widespread, NHPI might explain apparently maladaptive habitat settlement.
Quantitative detection of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in human oral epithelial cells from subjects with periodontitis and periodontal health
Authors: Colombo Andrea V. , Barbosa Graziela M. , Higashi Daniela , di Micheli Giorgio , Rodrigues Paulo H. , Simionato Maria Regina L.
Published: June 2013

Epithelial cells in oral cavities can be considered reservoirs for a variety of bacterial species. A polymicrobial intracellular flora associated with periodontal disease has been demonstrated in buccal cells. Important aetiological agents of systemic and nosocomial infections have been detected in the microbiota of subgingival biofilm, especially in individuals with periodontal disease. However, non-oral pathogens internalized in oral epithelial cells and their relationship with periodontal status are poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to detect opportunistic species within buccal and gingival crevice epithelial cells collected from subjects with periodontitis or individuals with good periodontal health, and to associate their prevalence with periodontal clinical status. Quantitative detection of total bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis in oral epithelial cells was determined by quantitative real-time PCR using universal and species-specific primer sets. Intracellular bacteria were visualized by confocal microscopy and fluorescence in situ hybridization. Overall, 33 % of cell samples from patients with periodontitis contained at least one opportunistic species, compared with 15 % of samples from healthy individuals. E. faecalis was the most prevalent species found in oral epithelial cells (detected in 20.6 % of patients with periodontitis, P = 0.03 versus healthy individuals) and was detected only in cells from patients with periodontitis. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that high levels of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus were present in both the periodontitis and healthy groups. However, the proportion of these species was significantly higher in epithelial cells of subjects with periodontitis compared with healthy individuals (P = 0.016 for P. aeruginosa and P = 0.047 for S. aureus). Although E. faecalis and P. aeruginosa were detected in 57 % and 50 % of patients, respectively, with probing depth and clinical attachment level ≥6 mm, no correlation was found with age, sex, bleeding on probing or the presence of supragingival biofilm. The prevalence of these pathogens in epithelial cells is correlated with the state of periodontal disease.
Evaluation of LAMP assay using phenotypic tests and conventional PCR for detection of bla
NDM-1 and bla
KPC genes among carbapenem-resistant clinical Gram-negative isolates
Authors: Solanki Rachana , Vanjari Lavanya , Ede Nagapriyanka , Gungi Akhila , Soory Amarendranath , Vemu Lakshmi
Published: June 2013

Carbapenem-resistant pathogens cause infections associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This study evaluates the use of the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for rapid and cost-effective detection of bla
NDM-1 and bla
KPC genes among carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in comparison with conventional PCR and existing phenotypic methods. A total of 60 carbapenem-resistant clinical isolates [Escherichia coli (15), Klebsiella pneumoniae (22), Acinetobacter
baumannii (23)] were screened for the presence of carbapenemases (bla
KPC and bla
NDM-1) using phenotypic methods such as the modified Hodge test (MHT) and combined disc test (CDT) and molecular methods such as conventional PCR and LAMP assay. In all, 47/60 isolates (78.3 %) were MHT positive while 48 isolates were positive by CDT [46.6 % positive with EDTA, 30 % with 3′ aminophenylboronic acid (APB) plus EDTA and 1.6 % with APB alone]. Isolates showing CDT positivity with EDTA or APB contained bla
NDM-1 and bla
KPC genes, respectively. bla
NDM-1 was present as a lone gene in 28 isolates (46.7 %) and present together with the bla
KPC gene in 19 isolates (31.7 %). Only one E. coli isolate had a lone bla
KPC gene. The LAMP assay detected either or both bla
NDM-1 and bla
KPC genes in four isolates that were missed by conventional PCR. Neither gene could be detected in 12 (20 %) isolates. The LAMP assay has greater sensitivity, specificity and rapidity compared to the phenotypic methods and PCR for the detection of bla
NDM-1 and bla
KPC. With a turnaround time of only 2–3 h, the LAMP assay can be considered a point-of-care assay.
Antioxidant potential and health relevant functionality of Bauhinia purpurea L. seeds
Authors: Vadivel Vellingiri , Konrad Biesalski Hans
Published: June 2013

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the antioxidant and type II diabetes related enzyme inhibition properties of phenolic extract from raw and traditionally processed Indian under‐utilized food legume grains, Bauhinia purpurea L. (purple camel's foot seeds).

Design/methodology/approach

The methanolic extract was prepared from the raw and traditionally processed seed samples and analyzed for total phenolic content. The antioxidant activity and type II diabetes related enzyme inhibition properties of methanolic extract and their relationship with phenolic content was demonstrated.

Findings

The methanolic extract of raw seed materials contained total free phenolic content of 14.45±1.62 g catechin equivalent/100 g extract DM. Encouraging levels of ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP, 1203 mmol Fe[II]/mg extract), inhibition of ß‐carotene degradation (45.37 percent) and scavenging activity against DPPH (63.60 percent) and superoxide (42.14 percent) radicals were exhibited by the raw samples. Further, it also recorded 80.69 percent of α‐amylase and 63.74 percent of α‐glucosidase enzyme inhibition characteristics under in vitro starch digestion bioassay. Sprouting+oil‐frying caused an apparent increase on the total free phenolic content, antioxidant and free radical scavenging capacity, while soaking+cooking as well as open‐pan roasting treatments show diminishing effects.

Originality/value

Identification of suitable processing technique offered a good strategy to improve the phenolic content and health relevant functionality of B. purpurea seeds, which could be envisaged as a dietary ingredient in the formulation of supplementary foods with therapeutic value to manage type II diabetic patients.
Does angling activity influence consumer choices of fresh fish?
Authors: Morales‐Nin Beatriz , Cardona‐Pons Federico , María Grau Antonio , García Eugenio , Alvarez Itziar , Pérez‐Mayol Silvia
Published: June 2013

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide a profile of fresh fish consumers and analyze trends in their choices of fresh fish. In addition, this study investigates whether being an active practitioner of angling or whether belonging to a household with angling activity has an effect on consumers' choices.

Design/methodology/approach

Consumers' habits, profiles, and perceptions were obtained from randomized personal interviews (n=395) at traditional markets (the main source of fresh fish for Spaniards) and from interviews with restaurant managers (n=11) carried out on Mallorca Island, in the West Mediterranean, in 2009.

Findings

A wide range of middle‐aged and middle‐class residents consumed fresh fish. The residents in the sample preferred to buy fish in traditional retail markets and consumed fish at least once a week, including a wide range of species. Consumers were satisfied with the quality of the fish but were moderately unsatisfied with the information that they received about the fish and fisheries. Although fish price was a factor in decisions to purchase, consumers were willing to pay more for local products of good quality. A significant proportion of individuals in the sample were themselves recreational fishers or belonged to households with recreational fishing members. These individuals shared a different consumer profile, tending to prefer local species that come at higher prices. A parallel survey of fish restaurants showed differences in preferred species depending on customers' place of residency and nationality.

Practical implications

The consumer trends that were identified and the perception of fresh fish captured by local fleets might have implications for commercialization and fishery management.

Originality/value

This is the first study of consumer choice related to leisure activity in a country with a very high rate of fish consumption.
Linking supply chain practices to competitive advantage
Authors: Jie Ferry , Parton Kevin A. , Cox Rodney J.
Published: June 2013

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present an integrated modelling framework that links management action to supply chain processes and then to competitive advantage.

Design/methodology/approach

Using survey responses about supply chain management in the Australian beef processing industry, regression analysis was used to develop a model simultaneously explaining the links from management action to supply chain processes and on to competitive advantage.

Findings

A relatively simple regression model was established that should be widely applicable in agri‐food processing industries. In the context of our example industry, the results suggest that there is a strong link from some supply chain practices to competitive advantage, with trust and information quality being important drivers of the process.

Research limitations/implications

Being based on a survey approach, a limitation is that that the results show managers' perceived influences on supply chain performance, not the influences observed by the researchers.

Practical implications

The regression method provides an easy way of summarising the links between supply chain practices and competitive advantage. This method may be generally applicable across agri‐food industries, particularly those with many small and medium‐size food enterprises.

Originality/value

This research provides a new method of integrating various aspects of supply chain management and competitive advantage. The method has the great advantage of parsimony.
Consumer attitudes and behavior related to the adoption of euro before the changeover
Authors: Kerem Katri , Danneberg Toomas , Oper Jaanika , Norden Aleksei
Published: June 2013

Purpose

The aim of this paper is to enhance the understanding of the consumer attitudes and behaviour towards a new currency, euro, before the process of the changeover. The approach of the current study differs from most past research on the same topic as consumer attitudes are surveyed before the currency changeover, not retrospectively based on consumer recall. The research attempts to achieve the following set of objectives: to identify the general consumer attitudes towards euro and pinpoint sources of tension, resistance and uncertainty before the currency changeover process; to identify the pre‐adoption assessment of euro value scales and inflation expectations; and to identify various emotional factors related to the national and European identity in the euro adoption process.

Design/methodology/approach

The data analysis of the current research adopts a qualitative methodology. To gather a full insight into the pre‐changeover attitudes, opinions, fears and hopes, a total of 29 qualitative interviews were conducted.

Findings

The results suggest that consumer attitudes and opinions towards the changeover process are multifaceted and concerns and uncertainties rise from various sources – from rational economic aspects to emotional aspects related to national identity. This research points also to the underestimated role of national pride in the process of transfer from the national currency to euro.

Research limitations/implications

The study is one of the first attempts to research consumers before a forthcoming changeover; thus it is exploratory in its nature and has the traditional limitations of an exploratory research. Based on the initial findings, it would be possible to design a quantitative research for the subsequent countries adopting euro.

Practical implications

The research identifies the attitudes of consumers before the changeover, outlining their doubts, fears and prejudices. The results can be used by subsequent countries adopting euro while planning their changeover strategies. The efforts of the strategy developers should be directed towards addressing the real challenges people face before the changeover.

Originality/value

A distinctive contribution of this study lies in the addressing of the pre‐changeover attitudes and opinions before the currency change took place. Although there have been surveys asking respondents to recall their pre‐changeover opinions, the accuracy of the respondents' memory over time has decreased, which is why such surveys may not give a valid picture. This paper contributes to the understanding of the pre‐adoption phase in a currency changeover process as seen from the point of view of consumers.
Measuring process capital from a system model perspective
Authors: Shang Shari S.C. , Wu Ya‐Ling
Published: June 2013

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to seek effective measurement methods that reflect the real value of process capital.

Design/methodology/approach

From a system model perspective, the authors refined the existing knowledge of process measurement by distinguishing three kinds of indicator for the value of process capital: input, output, and the capability to manage process capital. The design of this study, therefore, incorporates a longitudinal analysis of the content of process capital and traces its evolution by attaching a monetary value to activities and assets.

Findings

The tested results reveal that the input measure is a less effective measure for process capital, while the output measure is a valid one for measuring operational and managerial performance of process capital. The capability to manage process capital can predict all dimensions of process capital in both the short‐ and long‐term periods.

Practical implications

A practical view of process capital enhances the current understanding of process capital by highlighting the sustainability of process value and the validity of measuring output and management capability of the process capital. Second, the study results also explain the productivity paradox because of the complexity of the hidden cost of process input and the distinctive capability of organizations in managing technology and complementary resources. Finally, the system view of process capital, from input through process to output of the process capital, with operationalized measures, provides a useful reference for examining intellectual capital.

Originality/value

The findings offer a more robust definition of process capital as a firm's established capability to exploit the knowledge of business processes and organize resources in designing and managing business activities for sustained value.
Resource‐sharing and genealogical research on Islamic Chinese names in Guilin
Authors: Chao Sheau‐yueh J.
Published: June 2013

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide the historical background of genealogical records and analyze the value of Chinese genealogical research through the study of names and genealogical resources.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper examines the historical evolution and value of Chinese genealogical records, with the focus on researching the Islamic Chinese names used by the people living in Guilin. The highlight of this paper includes the analysis and evolution of the Islamic Chinese names commonly adopted by the local people in Guilin. It concludes with the recommendations on emphasizing and making the best use of genealogical records to enhance the research value of Chinese overseas studies.

Findings

The paper covers the history of Islam and describes how the religion was introduced into China, as well as Muslims' ethnicity and identity. It also places focus on the importance of building a research collection in Asian history and Chinese genealogy.

Research limitations/implications

This research study has a strong subject focus on Chinese genealogy, Asian history, and Islamic Chinese surnames. It is a narrow field that few researchers have delved into.

Practical implications

The results of this study will assist students, researchers, and the general public in tracing the origin of their surnames and developing their interest in the social and historical value of Chinese local history and genealogies.

Social implications

The study of Chinese surnames is, by itself, a particular field for researching the social and political implications of contemporary Chinese society during the time the family members lived.

Originality/value

Very little research has been done in the area of Chinese local history and genealogy. The paper would be of value to researchers such as historians, sociologists, ethnologists and archaeologists, as well as students and anyone interested in researching a surname origin, its history and evolution.
Considering mobile learning? A case study from Jaguar Land Rover
Authors: Wigley André
Published: June 2013

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore where mobile learning (ML) fits into the overall learning landscape and learn from the lessons of deploying mobile learning using a case study from global automotive company Jaguar Land Rover.

Design/methodology/approach

Using the case study, the paper identifies the key challenges that were faced by the organization and the route they chose to solve those challenges. Lessons learnt are drawn into hints and tips for organizations currently looking at mobile learning.

Findings

Mobile learning is not a replacement for traditional learning, but a supportive technology that can strengthen the effectiveness of learning efforts in organizations. It was found through this case study that one of the more challenging aspects of deploying mobile learning was not that of learning content, but the distribution and management of content.

Originality/value

The use of the case study to look at mobile learning has been limited to date and to the author's knowledge this is the first of its kind looking at the lessons of a large global automotive company. The article would be of interest to anyone considering implementing mobile learning in the workplace.
New breed of European executives is not a luxury, but a matter of survival
Authors: Tapper Jim
Published: June 2013

Purpose

The aim of this paper is to illustrate the skills required of an effective business leader in Europe in the current economic climate and how these have changed over recent years.

Design/methodology/approach

The author interviewed 109 business leaders working at European and UK companies. For the research on pre‐crisis comparison, the study used European executive norm data from 360‐degree job performance appraisals collected between February 2007 and March 2008. The 26 competencies were ranked by mean “importance level” as scored by the peers, boss and direct reports of 344 leaders (executives, directors and managers).

Findings

It was found that the skills required of European business leaders have changed dramatically since the financial crisis.

Research limitations/implications

The research base, while robust, is limited, and required competencies of business leaders may differ from sector to sector.

Practical implications

Companies should: audit their talent to find out whether they have the necessary New European Executive profiles within their ranks, and put in place plans to keep and develop these individuals; put in place talent acquisition strategies that attract and “test for” these competencies; look to recruit globally; and motivate and make the best use of their most talented individuals.

Originality/value

This new research will be of value to companies who want to ensure they have the most effective leadership.
Practice makes perfect: how mindfulness can change coaching for the better
Authors: by Gareth Bell Interview
Published: June 2013

Purpose

This paper provides an interview with Liz Hall, author of Mindful Coaching: How Mindfulness Can Transform Coaching Practice.

Design/methodology/approach

This article interviews Hall about the impact practising mindfulness can have in the workplace. It discusses the challenging circumstances in which many people find themselves, and offers advice on how mindfulness, employed in a coaching context, can help people to manage stress and high workloads better.

Findings

The paper discusses the challenging circumstances in which many people find themselves, and offers advice on how mindfulness, employed in a coaching context, can help people to manage stress and high workloads better.

Practical implications

It outlines the many areas in which mindfulness can have a positive impact, and offers advice on how mindful coaching can improve leadership ability, emotional intelligence, and authenticity.

Originality/value

The paper presents the insights of a leading practitioner in the field of mindful coaching.
Communication during mass casualty decontamination: highlighting the gaps
Authors: Carter Holly , Drury John , Rubin G. James , Williams Richard , Amlôt Richard
Published: June 2013

Purpose

Effective communication has been recognised as an important issue for the management of incidents involving decontamination; evidence shows that failure to communicate effectively may result in increased public anxiety and non‐compliance. This paper aims to examine current provision for communicating with members of the public during decontamination, to facilitate the development of improved responder communication strategies.

Design/methodology/approach

To examine the current provision for communicating with members of the public, the authors reviewed open source decontamination guidance documents for responders, as well as published reports of emergency preparedness exercises involving decontamination.

Findings

The review of decontamination guidance documents showed that specific guidance for professional responders on how to communicate with the public during incidents that involve decontamination could be improved. Similarly, the review of published decontamination exercises shows that a stronger emphasis on communication with members of the public is needed, in addition to the use of exercises to evaluate the effectiveness of communication strategies.

Originality/value

The present research summarises existing evidence relating to how communication strategies employed by responders can shape public responses to decontamination. Analysed alongside current decontamination guidance for emergency responders, this evidence highlights potential gaps in planning for communicating with members of the public during decontamination. It is hoped that this will promote an increased understanding of the importance of communication during these types of incidents, which will in turn facilitate the development of more comprehensive responder communication strategies.
Addressing psychosocial and community recovery in emergency management
Authors: Eyre Anne , Brady Kate
Published: June 2013

Purpose

The aim of this paper is to highlight key themes and issues relating to the recovery phase of disaster. Particular emphasis is given to psychosocial and community dimensions and the lessons identified by and for those working in recovery‐related programmes. The paper starts with a review of the research undertaken as a result of two Winston Churchill Memorial Trust fellowships, and is followed by a discussion of the meaning and application of recovery in relation to emergency management.

Design/methodology/approach

Both Churchill projects shared the common aim of seeking to understand the meaning of psychosocial recovery following disaster from the perspective of those directly involved in community‐based activities. A snowball sampling approach enabled further contacts to develop beyond initial interviewees identified. The following themes informed the topics explored and questions asked: comparative experiences of community impacts of disasters and approaches to psychosocial support strategies; post‐disaster activities that supported the wellbeing of people and communities following major emergencies (and those which did not work so well); and lessons and implications for future post‐disaster recovery agendas.

Findings

The purpose and key principles of psychosocial recovery are highlighted, including the importance of focusing on people, facilitating community engagement and addressing organizational and personal resilience among recovery personnel. The need to plan for and address psychosocial recovery as part of an integrated and holistic approach to emergency management is a key message in this paper and, it is argued, is of relevance to all involved in dealing with disasters: “if there is an emergency to respond to, there is something to recover from”, as Kate Brady wrote in 2010 in Best Practice Psychosocial Recovery following Emergencies.

Social implications

Further research might build on the themes identified here and draw further comparisons across other case studies in terms of the meaning of recovery and what “success” might mean in terms of recovery programmes. In the UK, a longitudinal perspective might also offer researchers opportunity to examine the experiences and lessons associated with psychosocial recovery across those communities affected by the decade of disasters in the 1980s, soon approaching their 30th anniversaries.

Originality/value

Based on primary research, the article reinforces and illustrates key themes and principles in the field of disaster recovery. It focusses on the psychosocial dimension, an aspect sometimes neglected in disaster management. Its messages are of value to both researchers and practitioners within the field of emergency management.
Co‐worker characteristics and nurses' safety‐climate perceptions
Authors: Abrahamson Kathleen , Ramanujam Rangaraj , Anderson James G.
Published: June 2013

Purpose

Previous research indicates that nurses' safety‐climate perceptions are influenced by individual nurse characteristics, leadership, staffing levels and workplace structure. No literature was identified that explored the relationship between nurses' safety climate perceptions and staffing composition in a particular hospital unit. This paper aims to fill some of the gaps in the research in this area.

Design/methodology/approach

Data supplied by 430 registered nurses working in two Midwestern US hospitals were analyzed to co‐worker characteristics such as education, licensure, experience and full‐ or part‐time status.

Findings

Registered nurses working in hospitals with proportionally more‐experienced nurses perceived their workplaces to be significantly safer for patients. Surprisingly, co‐worker licensure, education and full‐ or part‐time status did not significantly influence nurses' safety climate perceptions.

Practical implications

Findings indicate that safety‐climate perceptions vary significantly between hospital units and experienced nurses may act as a resource that promotes a positive safety climate. Hospitals retaining experienced nurses may potentially reduce errors.

Originality/value

The paper illustrates that the results highlight the importance of providing nurses with an environment that encourages retention and creates a workplace where experienced nurses' skills are best utilized.
Improvements of postnatal care are required by Swedish fathers
Authors: Johansson Margareta , Rubertsson Christine , Rådestad Ingela , Hildingsson Ingegerd
Published: June 2013

Purpose

This paper has two main aims: to explore fathers' postnatal care experiences with a specific focus on deficiencies and to investigate which service deficiencies remained important for fathers one year after childbirth.

Design/methodology/approach

This is a prospective longitudinal study. Two months and one year after birth, the overall satisfaction with care were sought. A care quality index was created, based on perceived reality and subjective importance of the care given. The study excluded fathers not mastering Swedish. Total eligible fathers was consequently not known therefore pregnancies served as an estimate.

Findings

In total, 827 fathers answered the questionnaire two months after birth and 655 returned the follow‐up questionnaire after one year; 21 per cent were dissatisfied with overall postnatal‐care. The most important dissatisfying factors were the way fathers were treated by staff and the women's check‐up/medical care. Two months after the birth, information given about the baby's care and needs were most deficient when parents had been cared for in a hotel ward. Furthermore, information about the baby's needs and woman's check‐up/medical care was most deficient when fathers had participated in emergency Caesarean section.

Practical implications

Most fathers were satisfied with the overall postnatal care, but how fathers are treated by caregivers; the woman's check‐up/medical care and information given about the baby's care and needs can be improved. Professionals should view early parenthood as a joint project and support both parents' needs.

Originality/value

The paper provides knowledge about postnatal service quality including fathers' needs.
Critical success factors of rice mills located in a cluster
Authors: Singh Amrendra Kumar , Shrivastava Rakesh L.
Published: June 2013

Purpose

A geographically proximate group of rice mills, supporting companies, suppliers, and associated institutions in a particular field is emerging as a concept to make rice mills more competitive. The factors, which emerged due to cluster formation, appear to have the potential to contribute to the performance of rice mills. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of a rice mill cluster initiative. The primary objective is to identify the critical factors of a successful rice mill cluster initiative. To meet this objective, a questionnaire is developed for the assessment of effects of cluster elements.

Design/methodology/approach

The methodology used for this paper is an exploratory cross‐sectional and literature review of published materials.

Findings

There is strong evidence to suggest that a cluster policy brings additional positive effect to existing small enterprises such as rice mills located in a cluster.

Originality/value

This study offers initial empirical evidence and a number of important insights to assist managers and policy makers in enhancing performance of rice mills located in a cluster. The findings from this research will assist strategy makers in making more informed decisions regarding the adoption of a cluster approach and entering into cluster‐based relations, as well as assisting policy makers in designing more efficient cluster policies. The academic value will be added in the context of expanding knowledge in relation to the impact of clusters on economic development in developing countries and as such contribute in filling gaps within the existing literature.
Service quality in the public sector: the case of the Citizen's Service Centers (CSCs) of Greece
Authors: Chatzoglou Prodromos , Chatzoudes Dimitrios , Vraimaki Eftichia , Diamantidis Anastasios
Published: June 2013

Purpose

The purpose of the present study is to measure the level of public service quality in a unique body of service provision, namely the Citizen's Service Centers (CSCs) of Greece. CSC is a public service organization created in 2002, aiming at providing assistance to all citizens and reducing the bureaucracy of the Greek public administration. Moreover, the present study aims to underline the importance of citizen participation in service planning and provision processes, thus providing an additional dimension to the “New Public Management” (NPM) discipline that has recently found itself under serious critique.

Design/methodology/approach

The present study utilized a slightly modified SERVQUAL instrument that was distributed to citizens visiting a representative sample of CSC branches. More specifically, 221 CSCs were visited by the members of the research team (20.35 per cent of the total population) and 843 usable questionnaires were collected from citizens. Random sampling techniques were used in order to acquire a representative and reliable sample.

Findings

In brief, it is found that, although citizen expectations are not met in three of the five SERVQUAL dimensions, the overall service quality performance is well above average, allowing one to claim that CSCs have achieved their initial target. The gap scores for the dimensions of empathy and responsiveness were positive, while the same scores for the dimensions of tangibles, reliability and assurance were negative.

Research limitations/implications

The use of the SERVQUAL instrument has been a subject of critique by various authors. Its ability to measure service quality has been supported by many and disputed by few. The present study analytically examined the validity and reliability of the instrument, so as to ensure that its use successfully fits the public service environment.

Practical implications

The paper makes an analytical effort in order to point out areas that managers and policy makers should emphasize in order to increase the level of public services. Certain practical implications are offered in the final part of the paper.

Originality/value

CSCs are, according to the best of the researchers’ knowledge, a worldwide innovation only implemented in Greece. Hence, their examination may serve as a guiding light for other countries suffering from public sector inefficiencies. The methodological contribution of the paper lies in the implementation of the SERVQUAL instrument in the context of public services and its subsequent validation with the use of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. On a theoretical level, the present paper enhances the current literature with a paper that argues that citizens should actively participate in the processes of service planning and service provision.
Why include royalties in distribution contracts? Evidence from France
Authors: Fadairo Muriel
Published: June 2013

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to understand the presence of royalties in a number of retail contracts, recognising that some distribution networks do not use this monetary provision.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper is based on the theory of contracts. It provides an econometric analysis of recent French data using the main theoretical explanation concerning the presence of royalties in distribution contractual relationships.

Findings

The evidence suggests that the presence of royalties in distribution contracts depends on the management by the producer of the brand value: the transmission of concepts and know‐how to retailers and advertising and promotional campaigns.

Research limitations/implications

As a result of data availability, the paper focuses on the presence or the absence of royalties in distribution contracts. Future research should aim to explain the level of royalty rate, i.e. the share of the retailers' turnover accruing to the producers.

Practical implications

This paper offers an understanding of the presence of royalties in the contractual relationships between producers and retailers, providing practitioners with a better basis for making decisions in designing distribution contracts.

Originality/value

This paper enlarges the empirical evidence concerning the monetary provisions for several kinds of distribution networks based on a brand name and considers different types of producer involvement in the network.
A qualitative approach to understanding brand image in an international context
Authors: Brečić Ružica , Filipović Jelena , Gorton Matthew , Ognjanov Galjina , Stojanović Žaklina , White John
Published: June 2013

Purpose

– The paper aims to demonstrate the utility of qualitative research for: understanding differences in brand image across markets; the critical assessment of marketing theory; informing revisions to quantitative scales and metrics used in international branding research. This is accomplished via research on a particular case (socialist era brands in Croatia and Serbia).

Design/methodology/approach

– A total of 12 focus groups, cutting across two countries (Croatia and Serbia) and three age groups (18-21, 35-45, pensioners), were conducted. The contemporary brand images of labels from the socialist era were compared against competing products (launched in the post-socialist period by local manufacturers and those from transnational companies).

Findings

– Analysis revealed significant differences in the image of the socialist era brands between their home and foreign markets. Variations are linked to a cultural context of newly (re)emerging states with high ethnocentrism, animosity and uneasy political relationships. Transnational brands, however, appear immune to much consumer ethnocentrism.

Research limitations/implications

– Firms from the region face significant barriers to creating standardised brand images across the successor states of the Socijalistička Federativna Republika Jugoslavija. While strong in their home markets, the socialist era brands are rarely suitable platforms for international market entry in the region. The dangers of conflating “Western” with foreign in international branding research are documented.

Originality/value

– The case illustrates the role qualitative research can play in understanding variations in perceived brand image across international markets. It evaluates the utility of Kapferer’s approach to brand identity. The concept of origin hierarchies is introduced and the inadequacies of international marketing research that relies on a simple domestic versus foreign dichotomy are documented.
The decline in abandoned corporate acquisitions in the UK: regulatory influences
Authors: McCann Michael
Published: June 2013

Purpose

Abandoned acquisitions represent a significant aspect of acquisition activity. Despite this, little analysis of aggregate abandoned acquisition activity has been conducted. This paper aims to address this gap by analysing trends in aggregate abandoned acquisitions.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper represents preliminary research on this topic, using descriptive statistics and correlation to identify trends in the data and propose tentative explanations for the changing patterns in abandoned acquisitions observed.

Findings

There has been a stepped decline in the number and rate of abandonment between the 1970s/1980s and the 2000s. Analysis of the trends suggests several reasons for this. Firstly, target management resistance has a major influence on abandonment. Changes in the Takeover Code relating to Put‐up or Shut‐up (PUSU) provisions have produced a decline in hostile bids since the 1990s, reducing the rate of abandonment. Secondly, the increasing proportion of cross‐border transactions in total UK activity may also contribute to the falling rate of abandonment.

Research limitations/implications

The preliminary methods used to analyse the data are limited. However, the work has identified relationships between regulatory changes which make speculative bidding more costly, the decline in hostile bidding and a decline in the rate of abandonment. These explanations need to be analysed further with more rigorous testing of the proposed relationships.

Originality/value

This paper is the first to analyse aggregate abandoned acquisitions in the UK, proposing explanations for the trends in abandoned acquisitions since 1969.
Modeling of information security management parameters in Indian organizations using ISM and MICMAC approach
Authors: Chander Muktesh , Jain Sudhir K. , Shankar Ravi
Published: June 2013

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to identify various information security management parameters and develop a conceptual framework for it.

Design/methodology/approach

Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) and MICMAC approaches have been used to identify and classify the key factors of information security management based on the direct and indirect relationship of these factors.

Findings

The research presents a classification of key parameters according to their driving power and dependence which enable information security management in an organization. It also suggests parameters on which management should pay more attention.

Research limitations/implications

In the paper, 12 parameters were identified based on a literature study and expert help. It is possible to identify some more parameters for ISM development. The help of experts was also used to identify the contextual relationship among the variables for the ISM model. This may introduce some element of bias. Although a relationship model using ISM has been developed, it has not been validated statistically. For future research, it is suggested that the structural equation modelling (SEM) technique may be used to corroborate the findings of ISM. Some of the variables have been grouped together, being a part of a subset due to their similar nature; but it is possible to treat them as independent variables. Future researches may establish their interrelationships also.

Practical implications

The paper has tremendous practical utility for organizations which want to reap the benefits of information and communication technology for their growth but are struggling to find a right approach to deal with information security breach incidents.

Originality/value

Development of a framework for information security management in an organization is the major contribution of this paper. This would be of help to strategic managers in managing information security with emphasis on key parameters identified here.
Interpretive structural modelling for critical success factors of R&D performance in Indian manufacturing firms
Authors: Tripathy Sushanta , Sahu Sadananda , Ray Pradip Kumar
Published: June 2013

Purpose

In order to enhance the performance of R&D in manufacturing organizations, the R&D managers need to identify the internal as well as the external factors that affect the R&D performance of manufacturing organizations in India. They need to understand the inter‐dependencies of these factors. This paper seeks to identify the critical success factors for R&D in Indian manufacturing firms.

Design/methodology/approach

There may be a number of factors that are critical for achieving acceptable R&D performance and these factors have been identified by a number of instruments or means, such as questionnaire surveys, brainstorming, and consolidation by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). A total of 14 factors have been identified by using principal component analysis and finally we have developed a structure of interrelationship among the identified critical success factors using an interpretive structural model.

Findings

The results show that R&D vision and direction and R&D oriented culture are the most important critical success factors (CSFs) and they have a great influence on the other CSFs. Though R&D vision and direction and R&D oriented culture are the short‐term objectives, Indian manufacturing firms should be equipped with proper R&D management strategy to achieve the long‐term objectives, such as achievement of revenue and profitability within a quick time frame.

Practical implications

Although R&D managers of Indian manufacturing firms are aware of various critical success factors, a systematic approach is required for identifying them, and as these factors may have complex interrelations between them for analyzing R&D performance in a manufacturing firm, it is essential that such an approach is in place. The hierarchy based ISM further defines those factors which are really critical and need more focus on the root causes of the success. In addition to that, the proposed ISM model acts as a good guideline in order to improve the performance of the manufacturing R&D organizations in India.

Originality/value

The paper provides an interpretive structural model to develop a map of the complex relationships and magnitude among identified critical success factors.