bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Model of Students’ Academic and Non-Academic Behaviours in Improving Learning Achievement and Discipline at Nurul ‘Ulum Modern Pesantren in Malang
Authors: Maunah Binti
Published: January 2018

This research is aimed at describing academic and non-academic behaviours that influence students’ achievements and discipline. This research used qualitative method. The data was collected by using two main methods: participative observation and deep interview. There were four steps to analyze the data: data collection, data filter, data classification, and conclusion. Based on the result of the research and the discussion, it can be concluded that : 1). Generally, students have very good academic behaviours during learning process inside and outside the class, 2). Most of the students master English and Arabic skill in which it becomes the most prominent academic behaviour in modern pesantren, 3). Academic behaviours to improve opportunity and learning achievement were conducted by boarding system in which students don’t cook, don’t wash clothes, don’t bring cellphones, motorcycle, radio, TV, and other electronic  tools, 4). Students perform very good non-academic behaviours in form of politeness to senior students and teachers, discipline and obey the rules of pesantren. It’s proved by no one is expelled from pesantren due to the violation of the rules of pesantren.
The Implementation of Character Education Model at Islamic Boarding School of Pabelan, Magelang, Central Java
Authors: Hidayat Nur
Published: January 2018

This research was conducted at Islamic Boarding School of Pabelan, Central Java. Here, character education model was delivered to students through role modelling method and formalizing into routines which were implemented since KH. Hamam Dja’far era until now. The implementation of character education developed and taught by Kiai Hamam, as a role model, at that time included model of social caring, direct learning, simplicity, educating humanely, education through role modelling, scientific culture model, development of local wisdom or culture, education development, work ethic, and self-reliance. Then, character values emphasized to student are discipline, work ethic, self-reliance, social caring, spirituality and responsibility.
Revitalization of the Role of Recently Madrasah Teacher: Modern Learning Perspective and Utilization of ICT in the Globalization Era
Authors: Purwowidodo Agus
Published: January 2018

Abstract

The era of globalization requires strength of human resources (HR) formidable and qualified to play in the global arena. Teaching and learning scenario need to be prepared carefully in a learning curriculum to improve the quality standards of education, efforts to the implementation of technology, especially information and communications technology (ICT) in the learning system at the school by using the internet in teaching and learning is expected to be able to be implemented more easily, quickly, efficiently, and effectively. By utilizing of ICT teachers can create animations or simulations to help students learn abstract concepts, dynamic, and complex. Students can learn, by identifying, developing, organizing, and using all sorts of learning resources. Madrasah teachers also no longer are used as the only one reference of all knowledge but rather as a facilitator or consultant in the learning process and Results in Madrasah.

Keywords: Revitalization, Teachers, ICT, Madrasah

Abstrak

Era globalisasi mempersyaratkan sebuah kekuatan sumberdaya manusia (SDM) yang tangguh dan mumpuni untuk bermain dalam percaturan global. Skenario mengajar dan belajar perlu disiapkan secara matang dalam sebuah kurikulum pembelajaran untuk meningkatkan standart mutu pendidikan, upaya penerapan teknologi khususnya teknologi informasi komunikasi (ICT) di dalam sistem pembelajaran di madrasah dengan menggunakan internet diharapkan proses belajar mengajar dapat dilaksanakan lebih mudah, cepat, efisien, dan efektif. Dengan memanfaatkan ICT guru bisa membuat animasi atau simulasi untuk memudahkan siswa mempelajari konsep yang abstrak, dinamis, serta kompleks, siswa dapat belajar, dengan cara mengidentifikasi, mengembangkan, mengorganisasi, serta menggunakan segala macam sumber belajar. Guru madrasah juga tidak lagi dijadikan satu­ satunya rujukan semua pengetahuan tetapi lebih sebagai fasilitator atau konsultan dalam proses dan hasil pembelajaran di madrasah.

 

Kata Kunci: Revitalisasi, Guru, ICT, Madrasah
Living Hadis of Tolerance in Multicultural Education: A Leadership Study in Pesantren Al Mukmin Ngruki Sukoharjo Surakarta
Authors: Bin Salman Abdul Matin
Published: January 2018

Pesantren (Islamic Boarding School) Al-Mukmin Ngruki is underestimated by some of Indonesian people. It is considered as the center of radical teachings which has no tolerance to others. But in fact, the values of tolerance can be found in the teaching materials. With bayani and burhani approaches in understanding religious source, pesantren Al-Mukmin persists to implant the values of tolerance to the students in the learning process, such as behave positively toward differences and plurality. The leaders of pesantren make those values as the starting point to strengthen multicultural education in pesantren with role modeling, habituation, attention, and advices in living those values.
Spectrophotometric method for simultaneous determination of valsartan and substances from the group of statins in binary mixtures
Authors: Stolarczyk Mariusz , Apola Anna , Maślanka Anna , Kwiecień Anna , Opoka Włodzimierz
Published: January 2018

Applicability of derivative spectrophotometry for the determination of valsartan in the presence of a substance from the group of statins was checked. The obtained results indicate that the proposed method may be effective by using appropriate derivatives: for valsartan and fluvastatin - D1, D2 and D3, for valsartan and pravastatin - D1 and D3, for valsartan and atorvastatin - D2 and D3. The method was characterized by high sensitivity and accuracy. Linearity was maintained in the following ranges: 9.28-32.48 mg mL-1 for valsartan, 8.16-28.56 mg mL-1 f or fluvastatin, 14.40-39.90 mg mL-1 for atorvastatin and 9.60-48.00 mg mL-1 for pravastatin. Determination coefficients were in the range of 0.989-0.999 depending on the analyte and the order of derivative. The precision of the method was high with RSD from 0.1 to 2.5 % and recovery of individual components was within the range of 100 ± 5 %. The developed method was successfully applied to the determination of valsartan combined with fluvastatin, atorvastatin and pravastatin in laboratory prepared mixtures and in pharmaceutical preparations.
Evaluation of immunomodulatory effects of lamotrigine in BALB/c mice
Authors: Abu-Rish Eman Y. , Elhayek Shada Y. , Mohamed Yehia S. , Hamad Islam , Bustanji Yasser
Published: January 2018

Modulation of the immune system has recently been shown to be involved in the pharmacological effects of old antiepileptic drugs and in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Therefore, the most recent guidelines for immunotoxicological evaluation of drugs were consulted to investigate the immunomodulatory effects of lamotrigine, a newer antiepileptic drug, in BALB/c mice. These included the in vivo effects of lamotrigine on delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response to sheep red blood cell (SRBC) antigens, hemagglutination titer assays and hematological changes. In vitro effects of lamotrigine on ConA-induced splenocyte proliferation and cytokine secretion were assessed. The results showed that lamotrigine treatment significantly increased the DTH response to SRBC in the mouse model of this study. This was accompanied by a significant increase in relative monocyte and neutrophil counts and in spleen cellularity. Lamotrigine significantly inhibited ConA-induced splenocyte proliferation in vitro and it significantly inhibited IL-2 and TNF-α secretion in ConA-stimulated splenocytes. In conclusion, the results demonstrated significant immunomodulatory effects of lamotrigine in BALB/c mice. These data could expand the understanding of lamotrigine-induced adverse reactions and its role in modulating the immune system in epilepsy.
Gastroprotective effects of the isopropanol extract of Artemisia princeps and its gastroretentive floating tablets on gastric mucosal injury
Authors: Kim Joo-Il , Park Sang-Wook , Lim Jhong-Jae , Sohn Se-Il , Shin Ji-Su , Park Sang Cheol , Jang Young Pyo , Chung Eun Kyoung , Lee Hong-Woo , Lee Kyung-Tae
Published: January 2018

In this study, we investigated the gastroprotective effect of an isopropanol extract from the aerial parts of Artemisia princeps (IPAP) and developed a gastroretentive floating tablet of IPAP (IPAP-FR) for maximized local gastroprotective effects. Pre-treatment with IPAP ameliorated the gastric mucosal hemorrhagic lesions in ethanol/HCl- or indomethacin- treated rats. IPAP decreased mucosal hemorrhage of gastric ulcers induced by ethanol or indomethacin plus pyloric ligation in rats. The optimized floating tablet, IPAP-FR, floated on medium surface with more sustained eupatilin release compared to the non-floating control tablet. X-ray photographs in beagle dogs showed that IPAPFR was retained for > 2 h in the stomach. In the ethanol-induced gastric ulcer rat model, the gastric hemorrhagic lesion was improved more substantially with IPAP-FR compared to the non-floating control tablet. Based on these data, our data suggest that IPAP-FR has an improved therapeutic potential for the treatment of gastric ulcer.
Breeding density of the Tawny Owl Strix aluco in urban forests of Ljubljana City (Central Slovenia)
Authors: Pršin Tjaša , Kušar Darja , Obermajer Tanja , Vrezec Al
Published: January 2018

Results of the survey carried out in the territories of Tawny Owl Strix aluco in Ljubljana urban forests (Tivoli, Rožnik and Šišenski hrib Nature Park and Golovec Hill) were compared with the species territory density in non-urban forest of Mt. Krim. Surveys were performed with the point count method using playback in the springs of 2002 and 2016. The density established at Golovec Hill was 9.3 territories / 10 km2, while in Tivoli, Rožnik and Šišenski hrib Nature Park it reached 10.4 territories / 10 km2, which was higher than at Mt. Krim (4.1-5.8 territories / 10 km2), although densities between sites were not statistically different. Based on our surveys, the estimated population size of the urban Tawny Owl in Ljubljana would consist of 57 to 65 pairs. Our results suggest that the Tawny Owl can adapt well to the living conditions in the city urban forests and indicate the importance of the forest patches in urban areas.
Evaluation of the Possibilities of Sodium Silicate Sands Application in Automated Hot-Box Process of Cores Shooting
Authors: Stachowicz M. , Granat K. , Obuchowski P.
Published: January 2018

The paper presents the results of preliminary research on the use of silica sands with hydrated sodium silicate 1.5% wt. of binder for the performance of eco-friendly casting cores in hot-box technology. To evaluate the feasibility of high quality casting cores performed by the use of this method, the tests were made with the use of a semiautomatic core shooter using the following operating parameters: initial shooting pressure of 6 bar, shot time 4 s and 2 s, core-box temperature 200, 250 and 300 °C and core heating time 30, 60, 90 and 150 s. Matrixes of the moulding sands were two types of high-silica sand: fine and medium. Moulding sand binder was a commercial, unmodified hydrated sodium silicate having a molar module SiO2/ Na2O of 2.5. In one shot of a core-shooter were made three longitudinal samples (cores) with a total volume of about 2.8 dm3. The samples thus obtained were subjected to an assessment of the effect of shooting parameters, i.e. shooting time, temperature and heating time, using the criteria: core-box fill rate, bending strength (RgU), apparent density and surface quality after hardening. The results of the trials on the use of sodium silicate moluding sands made it possible to further refine the conditions of next research into the improvement of inorganic warm-box / hot-box technology aimed at: reduction of heating temperature and shot time. It was found that the performance of the cores depends on the efficiency of the venting system, shooting time, filling level of a shooting chamber and grains of the silica matrix used.
The Use of Some Forecasting Methods and SWOT Analysis in the Selected Processes of Foundry
Authors: Szymszal J. , Gajdzik B.
Published: January 2018

Forecasting and analysis SWOT are helping tools in the business activity, because under conditions of dynamic changes in both closer and more distant surroundings, reliable, forward-looking information and trends analysis are playing a decisive role. At present, the ability to use available data in forecasting and other analyzes according with changes in business environment are the key managerial skills required, since both forecasting and SWOT analysis are a integral part of the management process, and the appropriate level of forecasting knowledge is increasingly appreciated. Examples of practical use of some forecasting methods in optimization of the procurement, production and distribution processes in foundries are given. The possibilities of using conventional quantitative forecasting methods based on econometric and adaptive models applying the creep trend and harmonic weights are presented. The econometric models were additionally supplemented with the presentation of error estimation methodology, quality assessment and statistical verification of the forecast. The possibility of using qualitative forecasts based on SWOT analysis was also mentioned.
A Universal Separable Diversity
Authors: Bryant David , Nies André , Tupper Paul
Published: January 2018

The Urysohn space is a separable complete metric space with two fundamental properties: (a) universality: every separable metric space can be isometrically embedded in it; (b) ultrahomogeneity: every finite isometry between two finite subspaces can be extended to an auto-isometry of the whole space. The Urysohn space is uniquely determined up to isometry within separable metric spaces by these two properties. We introduce an analogue of the Urysohn space for diversities, a recently developed variant of the concept of a metric space. In a diversity any finite set of points is assigned a non-negative value, extending the notion of a metric which only applies to unordered pairs of points.We construct the unique separable complete diversity that it is ultrahomogeneous and universal with respect to separable diversities.
Comparison of the solid phase and liquid-liquid extraction methods for methadone determination in human serum and whole blood samples using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
Authors: Bratinčević Maja Veršić , Visković Tanja , Sutlović Davorka
Published: January 2018

The aim of this study was to determine the optimal biological sample and the optimal extraction technique for monitoring methadone concentrations in biological samples. We analysed methadone in serum and whole blood samples using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Before analysis, we compared five solid-phase extraction (SPE) and two liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) methods and determined that SPE with Supelco LC-18 in serum yielded the best extraction efficiency. The limit of detection was 10 ng mL-1 and the limit of quantification 25 ng mL-1. Correlation coefficient was over 0.999 for the methadone calibration curve in linear range from 50 to 2000 ng mL-1. Intra and inter-day accuracy and precision of the method was satisfactory. The method was successfully applied for determining serum methadone in patients on maintenance therapy.
Salivary sCD14 as a potential biomarker of dental caries activity in adults
Authors: Prester Ljerka , Protrka Nives , Macan Jelena , Katunarić Marina
Published: January 2018

CD14 is a co-receptor involved in the recognition of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, the latter known to cause dental caries. The aim of this study was to determine whether soluble CD14 (sCD14) in saliva was associated with caries activity and the collection method from the saliva. The study included 55 participants aged 20 to 40 years, 30 with dental caries and 25 caries-free controls. We collected 110 saliva samples in total, 55 of resting saliva and 55 of mechanically stimulated saliva. Median levels of sCD14, measured with a matrix-matched enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), were higher in the caries-active than in the caries-free group in either resting (203.3 vs.167.9 ng mL-1; P<0.01) or stimulated saliva (201 vs.105.7 ng mL-1; P<0.01). The resting salivary flow rate was lower in the caries-active than caries-free group (0.61±0.42 vs. 0.98±0.52 mL min-1; P<0.01). Hyposalivation was observed only in the caries-active group (10 and 13 % in stimulated and resting saliva, respectively). Higher salivary sCD14 levels and secretion rates were clearly associated with dental caries and resting saliva. Future studies should focus on the clinical utility of salivary sCD14 as a potential biomarker and predictor of future caries events.
Dissipation dynamics of terbuthylazine in soil during the maize growing season
Authors: Stipičević Sanja , Mendaš Gordana , Dvoršćak Marija , Fingler Sanja , Galzina Natalija , Barić Klara
Published: January 2018

Ever since terbuthylazine (TBA) replaced atrazine in herbicide crop treatment, its much greater persistence has raised considerable environmental concern. The aim of our field experiment was to establish the dissipation dynamics of TBA and its degradation product desethylterbuthylazine (DET) in soil over five months of maize growth. We applied TBA as part of pre-emergent treatment in the regular and double-the-regular amounts. Soil samples were collected periodically at the following depths: 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-30 cm, and 30-50 cm. For TBA and DET soil residue analysis we used microwave-assisted extraction with methanol, followed by HPLC-UV/DAD. Regardless of the application rate, more than 80 % of the applied TBA dissipated from the first 50 cm of soil in the two months after herbicide application and 120 mm of rainfall. Three months later (at maize harvest), less than 4 % of total TBA remained in the soil, mostly in the top 20 cm rich with organic carbon on which TBA is likelier to adsorb. The loss of TBA from soil coincided with the rise in DET, especially the top soil layers, during the periods of low rainfall and highest soil temperatures. This points to biodegradation as the main route of TBA dissipation in humic soils. The applied amount had no significant effect on TBA dissipation in the top (humic) layers, but in the layers with less than 1 % of organic carbon, it was higher when the doublethe- regular dose was applied.
Prevalence of endoparasitic infections of birds in zoo gardens in Serbia
Authors: Ilić Tamara , Becskei Zsolt , Gajić Bojan , Özvegy József , Stepanović Predrag , Nenadović Katarina , Dimitrijević Sanda
Published: January 2018

This report represents the prevalence of endoparasitic infections of birds in zoological gardens in Serbia. Coprological examination conducted during 2015 and 2016, involved samples from 318 individual birds belonging to 112 species, in three zoo gardens (Belgrade, Palić and Bor). Individual faeces samples were analysed by the flotation method in salt solution. The presence of endoparasites was established in 51.96% (Belgrade), 46.16% (Palić) and 16.66% (Bor) of the tested birds. We diagnosed coccidian oocysts, eggs of Capillaria spp, Heterakis spp, Trichostrongylus spp, Ascaridia spp, Syngamus trachea and eggs of yet unidentified trematode. There were no detection of parasites from the class of cestodes. Prevalence of infection with coccidia, depending on location, was in the ranges between 8.33% and 32.84%, capillariosis 2.77% and 29.41%, heterakiosis 2.56% and 12.74%, trichostrongylidosis 5.55% and 25.64%, askaridiosis 10.25% and 10.78%, syngamosis 2.94% and trematodes of unknown etiology 2.45%. Coinfections with two or three parasitic species were detected in Belgrade and Palić Zoo Gardens, while quadruple infection was established in birds of Belgrade Zoo Garden. Obtained results can be used in establishing programs for health protection of endangered bird species.
A new species of Aplectana (Nematoda, Cosmocercidae) in Goniurosaurus bawanglingensis (Squamata, Eublepharidae), from Hainan Province, China
Authors: Bursey Charles R. , Goldberg Stephen R. , Lee Grismer L.
Published: January 2018

Aplectana hainanensis sp. nov. (Ascaridida, Cosmocercidae) from the intestines of Goniurosaurus bawanglingensis (Squamata, Eublepharidae) is described and illustrated. Aplectana hainanensis sp. nov. represents the 52nd species assigned to the genus and the 5th species reported from the Sino-Japanese region. It is easily separated from the 4 species previously reported from the region by the distribution pattern of male caudal papillae: A. macintoshii has an irregular pattern; A. hylae has no precloacal papillae; A. fujianae has 1 pair of precloacal papillae; A paucipapillosa has 3 pairs of precloacal papillae; Aplectana hainanensis sp. nov. has 7 pairs of precloacal papillae.
Idiomatic singleton or prototype? A productivity analysis of be-adj-and-v
Authors: Flach Susanne
Published: January 2018

This article addresses the morphological constraint on the ‘formulaic frame’ be-sure-and-v (Be sure and wear flowers in your hair!), whose idiomatic reading disappears in inflected uses (*She was sure and wore flower in her hair). This constraint also applies to certain verbal patterns (go/come-v, try-and-v) and is at least probabilistic for others (wait and see, go-and-v). A recent usagebased approach suggests that the so-called Bare Stem Condition follows from the semantics of the affected patterns, which are schematically non-assertive and thus functionally inappropriate for use in inflected, assertive environments. The same can be shown to apply to hortative be-sure-and-v, suggesting that the morphological behaviour of both verbal and adjectival pseudo-coordination have the same underlying functional-semantic constraint motivation. Supporting evidence comes from the status of be-sure-and-v relative to instantiations of the pattern: rather than being an idiosyncratic, isolated idiom, be-sure-and-v is a subtype of a moderately productive be-adj-and-v construction (be honest and admit, be patient and wait). Be-adj-and-v shows many of the characteristics of other pseudo-coordinated constructions, including the combination of semantically coherent slots fillers (flexible-adapt, glad-rejoice) and the asymmetric framing of single events. Methodologically, the article showcases how Collostructional Analyses can be used as diagnostic tools to identify (sub)types and slot-filler consistency in a bottom-up fashion, separating schema instantiations from syntagmatic ‘noise’ (i.e., the compositional adjectival predicate, My raspberries are ripe and taste delicious). Thus, the method identifies (and confirms) be-sure-and-v as the morphological, semantic, and statistical prototype of the more general schema.
The neutral sphingomyelinase 2 in T cell receptor signaling and polarity
Authors: Collenburg Lena , Schneider-Schaulies Sibylle , Avota Elita
Published: January 2018

By hydrolyzing its substrate sphingomyelin at the cytosolic leaflet of cellular membranes, the neutral sphingomyelinase 2 (NSM2) generates microdomains which serve as docking sites for signaling proteins and thereby, functions to regulate signal relay. This has been particularly studied in cellular stress responses while the regulatory role of this enzyme in the immune cell compartment has only recently emerged. In T cells, phenotypic polarization by co-ordinated cytoskeletal remodeling is central to motility and interaction with endothelial or antigen-presenting cells during tissue recruitment or immune synapse formation, respectively. This review highlights studies adressing the role of NSM2 in T cell polarity in which the enzyme plays a major role in regulating cytoskeletal dynamics.
Nabla inequalities and permanence for a logistic integrodifferential equation on time scales
Authors: Hu Meng , Wang Lili
Published: January 2018

In this paper, by using the theory of calculus on time scales and some mathematical methods, several nabla dynamic inequalities on time scales are established. As an application, we apply the obtained results to a logistic integrodifferential equation on time scales and sufficient conditions for the permanence of the equation are derived. Finally, numerical examples together with their simulations are presented to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the results.
Nietzsches Wiederholung Spinozas. Ein problemgeschichtlicher Bezug der Konzepte des conatus und des Willens zur Macht
Authors: Boehm Timon
Published: January 2018

To what extent does Nietzsche’s concept of Will to Power succeed Spinoza’s concept of conatus? In our approach, based on the history of problems, concepts are viewed as an answer to certain philosophically relevant issues. The concept of conatus is an attempt to solve, among others, the problems of creatio continua, teleology, the will as a faculty, and normativity. Nietzsche reconsiders them, explicitly or implicitly, in a conceptual setting that has much changed over the subsequent two hundred years, and reacts on them with his concept of Will to Power. Such a reconsideration of problems can be conceived as a repetition in the sense of Deleuze, i. e. a repetition that comprises temporal shifts and differences. It is required if problems are considered still as unsolved, or if their former solution seems no longer plausible. The concept of conatus appears therefore in a particular way as an impulse and stimulus for Nietzsche’s own philosophy of Will to Power which is discussed here mainly by recurring to Boscovich. The above mentioned problems arise from ontological concerns, but are ethically oriented in the end, according to Spinoza’s main work The Ethics. A special focus is put on understanding affects as expressions of the conatus on the one hand, and the Will to Power on the other.
„Das Neue und Immergleiche“. Benjamin, Nietzsche und die ewige Wiederkehr
Authors: Brusotti Marco
Published: January 2018

After discovering the short cosmological treatise L’éternité par les astres at the end of 1937, Benjamin ‘constellates’ the author, Louis-Auguste Blanqui, with Baudelaire and Nietzsche under the sign of eternal recurrence. From then on, eternal recurrence is given a central place in Benjamin’s analysis of modernity. Under many aspects his thoughts are rooted in the dramatic years in which they were developed: a conception of myth problematic in itself is misapplied to Nietzsche, the analogy with Blanqui’s cosmology leads to misunderstandings, and Benjamin does not grasp the connection between a task relevant for himself, the redemption of the past, and Zarathustra’s thought of eternal recurrence. Nevertheless, this constellation charged with tension is theoretically productive. Benjamin interprets the two faces of Nietzsche’s eternal recurrence in the context of his own theory of the structural change of experience in modernity. On the one hand, eternal recurrence is linked in multiple ways to the new forms of technical reproduction and compulsory repetition arising in the nineteenth century. On the other hand, it is assigned the task of compensating for an irretrievable loss. Is this compensation thoroughly illusory? Or does it contain a ‘motive of salvation’? Guided by these questions, the paper investigates the ‘polyphony’ of Benjamin’s remarks on Nietzsche’s thought of eternal recurrence and their heuristic potential.
Yield and Nutrient Use Efficiency of Bread Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) as Influenced by Time and Rate of Nitrogen Application in Enderta, Tigray, Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Zemichael Beyenesh , Dechassa Nigussie , Abay Fetien
Published: January 2018

Wheat is an important staple crop in arid and semi-arid areas of the Tigray region of Ethiopia. However, the yield and quality of the crop is markedly constrained by low soil fertility, inappropriate rate and timing of nitrogen application. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to elucidate the effect of different rates and timing of nitrogen fertilizer application on the yield, quality, and nitrogen use efficiency of bread wheat varieties during 2013 and 2014 main cropping seasons. The treatments consisted of four rates of nitrogen (23, 46, 69, and 92 kg N ha-1), three timing of N application (½ at sowing + ½ at tillering, ¼ at sowing + ½ at tillering + ¼ at anthesis, and 1/3rd at sowing + 1/3 rd at tillering + 1/3rd at anthesis) and two bread wheat varieties (Picaflor and Mekelle I) and 0 kg N ha-1 (control). The experiment was laid out as a randomized complete block design in a factorial arrangement with three replications. During both cropping years, increasing the rate of nitrogen application up to 69 kg N ha-1 significantly (P< 0.01) increased the total aboveground biomass and grain yields of the crop and decreased with further increase of applied N fertilizer. The highest aboveground biomass (6871 kg ha-1) and grain yields (2775 kg ha-1) of the crop were obtained in response to the application of 69 kg N ha-1, in 2013. The equivalent value for total aboveground biomass and grain yields during 2014 cropping season were (8815 kg ha-1and 3695 kg ha-1), respectively . The highest apparent recovery efficiency of 75% was obtained in response to the rate of 69 kg N ha-1applied in three splits of 1/4 at planting, ½ at tillering, and 1/4 at anthesis. The equivalent values for the highest apparent recovery was 81% in the 2014 cropping season. The highest agronomic efficiency of 25 kg kg-1 and utilization efficiency of 55 kg kg-1 were recorded at the rate of 46 kg N ha-1 in three splits of 1/4 at planting, ½ at tillering and ¼ at anthesis. The equivalent values in 2014 were 34 kg kg-1 and 78 kg kg-1, respectively. Grain protein concentration increased from 10.57% to 11.82% in 2013 and from 8.97% to 9.84% in 2014 cropping season as the rate increased from 23 kg N ha-1 to 69 kg N ha-1. The acceptable marginal rate of return (1618%) and highest net benefit (34141ETB ha-1) was obtained from 69 kg N ha-1 for the variety Picaflor. In conclusion, applying 69 kg N ha-1 in three splits of ¼ at planting, 1/2 at tillering and ¼ at anthesis resulted in optimum grain yield, protein concentration and economic return of the crop.
A corpus and lexical analysis of the Spanish idiom a conciencia
Authors: Meirama Belén López
Published: January 2018

The aim of this study is to make a detailed description of the polysemic structure of the phraseme a conciencia. The methodology is based on an understanding of lexical semantics including the parameter of frequency of use in corpora (see Sinclair 1991), with data drawn from Corpus del Espanol del Siglo XXI (CORPES XXI). I will first discuss briefly certain issues relating to polysemy that will arise in the analysis; second, I will make an initial approach to the meaning of a conciencia based on lexicographic information, to be followed by a presentation of the corpus analysis itself. Finally, I will consider the semantic study of this particular phraseme by considering its combinability as seen in the contexts studied. In the conclusions I will try to show the internal structure of the form.
Vormacht des Authentischen und Rhetorik der Daten in einer digitalen Gesellschaft
Authors: Heesen Jessica
Published: January 2018

In a datafied and mediatized society, many new topics for rhetoric emerge. The core question of rhetoric, how people pursue certain goals by speech and how to convince other people, is, for example, challenged by technical actors like social bots. Moreover, machine-controlled processes of opinion-forming question the validity and acknowledgement of the principle of discourse. In general, the significance of strategic communication is increasing on the Internet. In this context, we can observe a growing amount of visual content, realtime-publics, a dealing with topics of everyday life and an aiming for »authenticity«. Further to mention is the specific function of data as a rhetorical means. Within this scope, the expertise of rhetoric as a hermeneutic science comes to the fore. It plays an important role as a methodological anchor and allows to arrive at well-justified assessments in relation to the quality and the claim to validity of communication in a multifaceted public sphere.
Rede im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung
Authors: Kramer Olaf
Published: January 2018

Digitalization and social media have profoundly changed the way in which we communicate and share knowledge. As a result, traditional formats of situational speech - including the specific case of academic speeches and lectures - have come under some scrutiny and pressure: Today’s digital society calls for innovative formats of situational academic communication that strategically incorporate considerations regarding social media and digitalization. Shedding light on this challenge, this paper takes a closer look at three new formats of academic speech: Slams, TEDTalks, and Science Notes. It shows that for all three formats, cross-media effects are of key importance - with attendees immediately addressed within the original situational setting becoming part of an overarching communicative event that is relayed to a wider audience via digital media. By examining the specific consequences which these and other effects entail with respect to questions of setting and performance as well as textual and content-related strategies, the paper illustrates the challenges and chances arising from new formats of situational communication in the field of knowledge communication. I argue that Slams, Ted Talks and Sciences Notes provide illuminating examples of how to combine the powerful immediacy and fascination of situational interaction with the innovative communicative possibilities of the digital era (by adapting the traditional medium of academic speech to the requirements of today’s digital society). In this sense, digitalization does not appear as heralding the end of situational speech, but rather as a genuine chance for its modernized revival.
Geschichte(n) im Dialog
Authors: Kaufmann Imke
Published: January 2018

The article discusses the tendency of contemporary museum exhibitions to increasingly focus on creative and entertaining production rather than on restricting their presentation to objects and information. The attempt to create a contemporary communicative environment leads to an extensive use of modern media and interactive systems in museums. As a result, offerings like media guides for example, often reveal structures which appear to be comparable to the persuasive aim inherent in the classical composition of speech. Aspects like narrative storytelling and emotional design inspire the visitor to identify himself with the presentation and support his commitment to the museum as economical institution. A rhetoric analysis of the mediating processes of exhibitions show that especially digital media and its mobility and subjective handling offers many opportunities to function as an instrument of persuasive communication. Dialogic interactivity on one hand and subjective feedback on the other cause the impression of autonomous reception and therefore support the visitor’s identification with the presentation. Therefore the persuasive process in digitally supported exhibitions utilizes the user’s illusion of oratorical autonomy whereas the communication is actually controlled by the system or the museum as the programming initiator itself.
Synthesen und Strukturen von 1,3,5-Trihalogeno-1,3,5-triboracyclohexan-Derivaten / Syntheses and Structures of 1,3,5-Trihalogeno-1,3,5-triboracyclohexane Derivatives
Authors: Bayer Michael J. , Müller Thomas , Lößlein Wolfgang , Pritzkow Hans , Siebert Walter
Published: January 2018

On heating bis(diiodoboryl)methane (1c) and 1,1-bis(diiodoboryl)alkanes 1i, l (alkane = propane, butane) under reduced pressure elimination of BI3 takes place and the corresponding 1,3,5-triiodo- 1,3,5-triboracyclohexane derivatives 2c; 2i, i’; 2l, l’ are formed. Starting with bis(dichloroboryl)- and bis(dibromoboryl)methane (1a, 1b) only small amounts of the trimerization products (H2C-BCl)3 (2a) and (H2C-BBr)3 (2b) are detectable which can not be separated from 1a,b and by-products. Reaction of 1,3,5-trichloro-2,4,6-trimethyl-1,3,5-triboracyclohexane (2d) with BBr3 provides the corresponding bromo derivative 2e in high yield. An attempt to react 2,4-bis(dichloroboryl)-3-chloro- 3-borapentane (4d) with 1,1-bis(trimethylstannyl)-2,2-diphenylethene does not lead to the expected trichloro-triboracyclohexane, but the divinylchloroborane ClB(CH=CPh2)2 6a, is formed. The compositions of the products follow from analytical data and X-ray structure analyses of 2i, 2c, 2e, and 6a.
Triterpene Saponins from Knautia integrifolia var. bidens
Authors: Alankuş-Çalışkan Özgen , Emirdağ Safiye , Bedir Erdal , Avunduk Sibel , Anıl Hüseyin
Published: January 2018

Two new triterpene saponins (1 and 2), named bidenosides A and B, were isolated from the roots of Knautia integrifolia var. bidens. The structures were identified as 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-28- O-[β -D-allopyranosyl-(1→6)-β -D-glucopyranosyl]-pomolic acid, and 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl- 28-O-[β -D-allopyranosyl-(1→6)-β -D-glucopyranosyl]-oleanolic acid on the basis of spectroscopic evidence.
Metallkomplexe mit biologisch wichtigen Liganden, CLXI [1]. Halbsandwich-Komplexe mit tert-Leucin, Dipeptiden, Pentaglycin und Glutathion als Liganden / Metal Complexes with Biologically Important Ligands, CLXI [1]. Halfsandwich Complexes with tert-Leucine, Dipeptides, Pentaglycine and Glutathione
Authors: Hoffmüller Winfried , Dialer Harald , Beck Wolfgang
Published: January 2018

Reactions of L-tert-Leucine (tert-butylglycine), tert-leucine methyl ester, GlyValOMe, and Leu- AlaOMe with the chloro-bridged complexes [Cp*IrCl2]2, [(p-cymene)RuCl2]2 or [(C6Me6)RuCl2]2 in the presence of NaOMe give the complexes [Cp*Ir(Cl)NH2CH(R)CO2] (1), [(p-cymene)Ru(Cl)- NH2CH(R)CO2] (2), Cp*Ir(Cl2)[NH2CH(R)CO2Me] (5), {(C6Me6)Ru(Cl)[NH2CH2CONHCH(R)- CO2Me]}+Cl− (6), [Cp*Ir(Cl)NH2CH2CONCH(R)CO2Me] (7), [Cp*Ir(Cl)NH2CH(CH2CHMe2)- CONCH(R)CO2Me)] (8), and Cp*Ir(Cl2)[NH2CH2CONHCH(R)CO2Me) (9).

With pentaglycine the complexes [Cp*Ir(Cl2)(pentaglycinate+Na+)] (10) and [(C6Me6)Ru(pentaglycineOMe- H+)] (11) could be isolated. Coordination of one equivalent of the S-protected tripeptide glutathione to [Cp*Ir(Cl)] and to [(C6Me6)Ru(Cl)] was observed. Some in situ prepared (p-cymene)Ru complexes with deprotonated dipeptide esters were tested as catalysts and the complex [(p-cymene)Ru(Cl)(NH2CH(CHMeEt)NCH (CHMe2)CO2tert-Bu)] gave a yield of 73% and moderate entantiomeric excess (36% ee) in the transfer hydrogenation of acetophenone to 2-propanol.
Estimation of Repetitions to Failure for Monitoring Resistance Exercise Intensity: Building a Case for Application
Authors: Hackett Daniel A. , Cobley Stephen P. , Halaki Mark
Published: January 2018

Hackett, DA, Cobley, SP, and Halaki, M. Estimation of repetitions to failure for monitoring resistance exercise intensity: Building a case for application. J Strength Cond Res 32(5): 1352–1359, 2018—The purpose of this study was to (a) examine the accuracy of Estimated Repetitions to Failure (ERF) during resistance exercise between 2 sessions and (b) compare ERF to rating of perceived exertion (RPE) for determining proximity to momentary failure. Forty-eight adults with recreational resistance training experience performed 3 sets of 10 repetitions at 70% one-repetition maximum (1RM) and 80% 1RM for the chest press and leg press, respectively. At the completion of each set, participants reported their ERF and then continued repetitions to failure to determine actual repetitions to failure (ARF). Two sessions of the same experimental protocol were performed with 48 hours between bouts. For session 1, error in ERF was greater during the first sets compared with third sets for the chest press (2.0 vs. 0.6 repetitions and p < 0.001) and leg press (3.1 vs. 1.6 repetitions and p < 0.001). No differences for error in ERF were observed between sessions 1 and 2 for the chest press (p > 0.944); however, less error in ERF was found for the leg press during set 1 of session 2 (3.1 vs. 1.9 repetitions and p < 0.013). Strong to very strong relationships were found between ERF and ARF (r = 0.59–0.87 and p < 0.01), whereas most relationships for RPE and ARF were small to moderate (r = 0.32 to −0.42 and p < 0.01). Improvement in the accuracy of ERF after a single training bout is minimal, whereas ERF compared with RPE seems to have greater sensitivity for discriminating momentary failure.
Grocery Auction Games: Distribution and Value in the Industrialized Food System
Authors: Trapp Micah Marie
Published: January 2018

Grocery auctions, as an outgrowth of the inefficiencies of the industrialized food system, repurpose unwanted, damaged, and overstock food that has been removed from the primary market. Based on ethnographic research conducted at grocery auctions in Maryland and Mississippi, this article examines how the spoils and waste of the capitalist industrialized food system are transformed into valued food. During the competitive play of bidding, the divergent needs and motivations of distributers and consumers intersect and collectively determine the value of food: distribution, rather than production, emerges as a central force in the creation of value. Focusing on the generative potential of value, I argue that the social dimensions of distribution enacted through bidding render the value-making process itself visible and expose the products of the industrialized food system as contested sites of engagement rather than hegemonic markers of value.
(Re)tasting Places
Authors: Hedegaard Liselotte
Published: January 2018

Food and wine are frequently named according to their place of production, either to protect the specific characteristics of a given product through regulatory frameworks or to assert the existence of a homogenized cuisine within a specific area. Both perspectives cause analytical problems, in particular with regard to conceptions of seemingly straightforward terms such as place and taste. The interest of this article is to carry out a philosophical investigation into how links between food and place are established. Its intent is to pave the way for a renewed understanding of overlooked perspectives in the existing interpretations of the relationship between places and food.
Non-mammalian models of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2
Authors: Das Tirtha K , Cagan Ross L
Published: January 2018

Twenty-five years ago, RET was identified as the primary driver of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2) syndrome. MEN2 is characterized by several transformation events including pheochromocytoma, parathyroid adenoma and, especially penetrant, medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Overall, MTC is a rare but aggressive type of thyroid cancer for which no effective treatment currently exists. Surgery, radiation, radioisotope treatment and chemotherapeutics have all shown limited success, and none of these approaches have proven durable in advanced disease. Non-mammalian models that incorporate the oncogenic RET isoforms associated with MEN2 and other RET-associated diseases have been useful in delineating mechanisms underlying disease progression. These models have also identified novel targeted therapies as single agents and as combinations. These studies highlight the importance of modeling disease in the context of the whole animal, accounting for the complex interplay between tumor and normal cells in controlling disease progression as well as response to therapy. With convenient access to whole genome sequencing data from expanded thyroid cancer patient cohorts, non-mammalian models will become more complex, sophisticated and continue to complement future mammalian studies. In this review, we explore the contributions of non-mammalian models to our understanding of thyroid cancer including MTC, with a focus onDanio rerioandDrosophila melanogaster(fish and fly) models.
Depressed left and right ventricular cardiac output in fetuses of diabetic mothers
Authors: Winter Jennifer , Kulkarni Aparna , Craft Mary , Li Ling , Hornberger Lisa K. , Danford David A. , Kutty Shelby
Published: January 2018

Introduction We compared right and left ventricular cardiac output (RVCO and LVCO) in fetuses of diabetic mothers (FDM) with a large normal cohort.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled 264 normal fetuses and 30 FDM. Fetal CO parameters such as semilunar valve velocity time integrals (AVVTI, PVVTI), ventricular outflow diameters (LVOTD, RVOTD) and stroke volumes (AVSV, PVSV) were measured, and LVCO and RVCO were calculated. These were normalized using non-linear regression to estimated fetal weight (EFW) to provide means and standard deviations. Among FDMs, mean Z scores and 95% confidence limits (CL) were calculated and compared to zero.

Results: LVCO, RVCO and parameters they were calculated from, increased predictably and non-linearly with increasing EFW. In FDM, LVCO was depressed (mean Z −1.679, 95% CL −2.404, −0.955, P < 0.001), and AVVTI, LVOTD and AVSV were significantly lower than normal. Similarly, RVCO (mean Z = −1.119, CL −1.839, −0.400, P = 0.003), RVOTD (mean −2.085, CL −3.077, −1.093, P < 0.001) and PVSV (mean −1.184, CL −1.921, −0.446, P = 0.003) were lower than normal, however, PVVTI was not different (mean Z 0.078, CL −0.552, +0.707, P = 0.803).

Conclusion: Normal biventricular stroke volumes and outputs follow a non-linear regression with EFW. FDM have significantly lower right and left heart stroke volumes and outputs for weight than do normal fetuses.
Particulate Coral Hydroxyapatite Sheltered by Titanium Mesh for Localized Alveolar Rehabilitation After Onlay Graft Failure: A Case Report
Authors: Zhou Miao , Li Shu-yi , Terheyden Hendrik , Cao Shuai-shuai , Che Yue-juan , Geng Yuan-ming
Published: January 2018

Reconstruction of bone loss in the alveolar ridge has long been challenging. Autologous bone grafts are considered as the “golden standard,” while little research has focused on how to repair pronounced alveolar bone defects after autologous bone graft failure. The aim of this study was to detail a method based on the titanium mesh technique coupled with particulate coral hydroxyapatite to solve the onlay graft failure. With bone deficiency in the No. 11 and No. 24–25 regions, we harvested 2 autologous bone blocks for reconstruction. Two weeks after transplantation, the graft in the No. 11 region had healed uneventfully, while the graft in the anterior mandible became infected because of soft tissue dehiscence. After removal of the failed autologous bone block, pure coral hydroxyapatite stabilized within titanium mesh was used for alveolar rehabilitation. Six months later, the width of the local alveolar bone was evaluated. After the titanium mesh was removed, a biopsy was performed to study bone regeneration by micro computerized tomography and histology, following by a standard Straumann implant insertion. Although there was wound dehiscence 14 days after bone augmentation, repeated local rinsing and anti-inflammation therapy controlled the inflammatory reaction. The total horizontal bone gain was 4.2 ± 0.5 mm. Micro computerized tomography revealed that the closer the coral hydroxyapatite was to the host bone, the more was resorbed and the more bone regenerated. Histology showed mature lamellar bone structures, with evident residual coral hydroxyapatite. A 3-year follow-up revealed stable bone around the dental implant and successful function of the implant-born prosthesis. This study proposes that the method of particulate coral hydroxyapatite sheltered by titanium mesh is a promising solution in handling alveolar bone augmentation failure. More cases are needed for further research to form an efficient treatment procedure.