bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF COMBAT VEHICLE DRIVER’S SEAT USING ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING AND COMPRESSION MOLDING
Authors: Hart Robert J , Perkins J. Scott , Blinzler Brina , Miller Patrick , Shen Yang , Deo Ankit
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

This paper focuses on the application of a novel Additive Molding™
process in the design optimization of a combat vehicle driver’s seat
structure. Additive Molding™ is a novel manufacturing process that
combines three-dimensional design flexibility of additive manufacturing with a
high-volume production rate compression molding process. By combining the
lightweighting benefits of topology optimization with the high strength and
stiffness of tailored continuous carbon fiber reinforcements, the result is an
optimized structure that is lighter than both topology-optimized metal additive
manufacturing and traditional composites manufacturing. In this work, a combat
vehicle driver’s seatback structure was optimized to evaluate the weight
savings when converting the design from a baseline aluminum seat structure to a
carbon fiber / polycarbonate structure. The design was optimized to account for
mobility loads and a 95-percentile male soldier, and the result was a reduction
in weight from 18 to 3.6 pounds, which was an 80% weight savings. One critical
design feature identified in the seatback was the location where the seatbelt
loop attached to the seat structure. This novel manufacturing process enabled
the optimized design to utilized fibers oriented around the attachment points,
which is not possible in traditional composites manufacturing. A subscale
bracket was manufactured and experimentally tested to simulate the performance
of the carbon fiber / polycarbonate material in the location of the seatbelt
loop.

Citation: R. Hart, J.S. Perkins, B. Blinzler, P. Miller, Y. Shen, A.
Deo, “Design Optimization of Combat Vehicle Driver’s Seat Using
Additive Manufacturing”, In Proceedings of the Ground Vehicle
Systems Engineering and Technology Symposium (GVSETS), NDIA, Novi,
MI, Aug. 16-18, 2022.
TOPOLOGY OPTIMZATION STUDY OF LASER POWDER BED FUSION BRACKETS TO ENABLE AM AS A SOURCE OF SUPPLY FOR DMSMS APPLICATIONS
Authors: Burke Rory , Simpson Timothy
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

The objective in this paper is to understand the challenges of making additive
manufacturing a future source of supply for the Department of Defense through
the redesign of a part for metal laser Powder Bed Fusion.

The scope of this paper involved the redesign of a single cast-and-machined part
for an Army ground vehicle system. The component was redesigned using topology
optimization based on suitable replacement materials and design data from the
representative part. In parallel, a brief review of AM standards identified a
process to qualify the component through post-processing, non-destructive
evaluation, and witness testing. Alongside this redesign analysis, a brief cost
analysis was conducted to understand the cost associated with manufacturing and
qualifying this part for multiple AM materials.

The resulting analysis demonstrated that for this component, which was subject to
high design loads, Scalmalloy, Ti-6Al-4V, and 17-4PH Stainless Steel could
produce the most cost-effective parts. Scalmalloy was the lightest part, with a
67% reduction in weight from the original bracket, while 17-4PH could produce
the lowest-cost component. Ti-6Al-4V performed in the middle for both. Finally,
the research identified further areas of study to advance AM as a tool in DoD
sustainment.

Citation: R. Burke, T. Simpson, “Topology Optimzation Study
Of Laser Powder Bed Fusion Brackets To Enable Am As A Source Of Supply For Dmsms
Applications,” In Proceedings of the Ground Vehicle Systems
Engineering and Technology Symposium (GVSETS), NDIA, Novi, MI, Aug.
16-18, 2022.
Identification and Management of Key Characteristics in Product
Development Using Model Based System Engineering
Authors: Ireland William
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

The International Council on Systems Engineering https://www.incose.org/ is a
recognized standards body defining a system engineering knowledge-base, but this
knowledge falls short of fully recognizing manufacturing in the Systems
Engineering (SE) framework. To be inclusive, Manufacturing needs to join in the
initiative of Model Based Systems Engineering to be relevant and succeed in the
digital transformation in the field of systems engineering. This paper addresses
this need in manufacturing by applying Model Based System Engineering (MBSE) to
the identification and management of key characteristics so that a more relevant
set of Manufacturing requirements can be introduced into the MBSE construct and
help realize manufacturing resilience and become a full SE partner.

Citation: “Identification and Management of Key
Characteristics in Product Development Using Model Based Systems
Engineering,” In Proceedings of the Ground Vehicle Systems
Engineering and Technology Symposium (GVSETS), NDIA, Novi, MI, Aug.
15-17, 2023.
Robust, Versatile and Safe Lithium-Ion Batteries for Military Vehicle Applications
Authors: Ofer David , Bernier Joe , Siegal Edward , Rutberg Michael , Dalton-Castor Sharon
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Rechargeable batteries needed for military applications face critical challenges
including performance at extreme temperatures, compatibility with military
logistical processes, phasing out of legacy battery technologies, and poor
compatibility of COTS lithium-ion batteries with specialized military
operational requirements and legacy platforms. To meet these challenges, CAMX
Power has developed and is commercializing a lithium-ion battery technology,
trademarked CELX-RC®, with high power and rapid charging
capability, long life, exceptional performance and charge acceptance capability
at extreme low temperatures (e.g., -60 ºC), excellent safety, capability
for discharge and storage at 0V, and ability to be implemented in batteries
without management systems. This paper describes CELX-RC technology and its
implementation in prototype batteries.

Citation: D. Ofer, J. Bernier, E. Siegal, M. Rutberg, S.
Dalton-Castor, “Robust, Versatile and Safe Lithium-Ion Batteries for
Military Vehicle Applications,” In Proceedings of the Ground
Vehicle Systems Engineering and Technology Symposium (GVSETS),
NDIA, Novi, MI, Aug. 15-17, 2023.
VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT OF GROUND VEHICLE SYSTEMS ENABLED WITH
ACTIVE PROTECTION SYSTEMS (APS) THROUGH SURROGATE MODELING
Authors: Kulkarni Kumar B , Babu Venkatesh , Kankanalapalli Sanjay , Vipradas Aditya , Jayakumar P , Thyagarajan Ravi
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Analytical performance assessment of Active Protection Systems (APS) and the
vulnerability assessment of ground vehicles using classical physics-based
modeling and simulations has many challenges. Also, modeling many of the factors
involved in the interaction during Hard-Kill (HK) of the incoming threat with a
countermeasure and the resulting outcomes are quite complex and have varied
effects on the survivability of the vehicle. Therefore, relying only on
deterministic solutions, are time consuming and computationally cost
prohibitive.

This effort is focused on changing this paradigm by researching for a suitable
machine learning algorithm which takes in simulation data from high fidelity
physics-based models as training data. Through decomposition, interpolation and
reconstruction techniques, surrogate models can be constructed using the
simulation data. These surrogate models can then be used for a quick assessment
(fraction of a second compared to a day per simulation) during Analysis of
Alternatives (AoA), and Vehicle Protection Systems (VPS) trade studies.

Citation: Kumar B Kulkarni, Venkatesh Babu, Sanjay Kankanalapalli,
Aditya Vipradas, P Jayakumar Ph.D. and Ravi Thyagarajan Ph. D.,
“Vulnerability assessment of ground vehicle systems enabled with Active
Protection Systems (APS) through surrogate modeling,” In
Proceedings of the Ground Vehicle Systems Engineering and Technology
Symposium (GVSETS), NDIA, Novi, MI, Aug. 15-17, 2023.
EVALUATION OF HASH-SEEDED PSEUDO-RANDOM NUMBER GENERATORS IN PARALLEL ENVIRONMENTS
Authors: Kaniarz John , Brudnak Mark
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

A customized approach to Pseudo Random Number Generation (PRNG) is developed
specifically for the highly parallelizable sensor models in the ground vehicle
autonomy application domain. The work considers three desirable attributes
(namely quality, efficiency and determinism). Furthermore, the application
demands high fanout (1:1Million+) seeding of traditional PRNGs. An approach
using hash functions to generate the seeds for the PRNGs, each of which
generates a small (i.e. 20) run of numbers, to handle determinism is
investigated. Quality and efficiency are evaluated for multiple combinations of
hash functions and PRNGs and a pareto front is created. Quality assessments were
performed using industry standard testing suites (TestU01 and PractRand) and
efficiency of various hash, PRNG, and batch size combinations was benchmarked on
Windows/x64, ARM and NVIDIA/CUDA architectures.

Citation: J. Kaniarz, M. Brudnak, “Evaluation of Hash-Seeded
Pseudo-Random Number Generators in Parallel Environments,” In
Proceedings of the Ground Vehicle Systems Engineering and Technology
Symposium (GVSETS), NDIA, Novi, MI, Aug. 15-17, 2023.
ADAPTATION OF THE DYNAMIC MODE DECOMPOSITION METHODOLOGY TO HIGH REYNOLDS NUMBER FLOW OVER A GROUND VEHICLE : CHALLENGES AND MITIGATION
Authors: Misar Adit , Nichols Spencer , Korivi Vamshi M. , Tison Nathan A. , Uddin Mesbah
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

The Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) has shown the ability to extract coherent
structures and dominant modes from high dimensional, sequential flow field
datasets by decomposing it into spatial patterns and associated time dynamics.
This low-rank dataset can then be applied to a linear regression model to
predict the future state of the flow. Additionally, the DMD with control (DMDc)
algorithm enables the input of control signals to the system, a very promising
avenue for developing active aero devices for ground and aerial vehicles.
However, existing literature primarily consists of its applications to low
Reynolds number flows past simple, and mostly two-dimensional geometries. Given
that most flows of engineering interest involve three-dimensional turbulent
flows having high Reynolds number, this paper explores and presents DMD analyses
of the flow around an idealized ground vehicle (Ahmed body) at a Reynolds number
of 2.7 million. The high dimensional dataset for this paper was generated using
numerical simulations, i.e. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Based on the
success of the hybrid turbulence modeling methodology, called the Improved
Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation or IDDES, in predicting external flows past
generic road vehicles, all simulations used in this paper were carried out using
the IDDES approach. We observed that for such a complex and high Reynolds number
flow, application of the DMD algorithms, as can be found in existing literature,
failed to meet the desired objective of obtaining reliable reduced-order-model
predictions of the flow fields. This necessitates enhancements to the existing
algorithm to be explored, and thus, a modified DMD algorithm applicable to high
Reynolds number, separation-dominated flows was developed and presented in this
paper. The veracity of the modified DMD-based data-dimensionality reduction
approach was tested by comparing the mean values, the root-mean-squared (RMS)
values, and power spectral density (PSD) of force and moment coefficients that
were obtained from the reconstruction of the surface-pressure field using the
DMD-based reduced order model to true CFD simulation data.

Citation: A. Misar, S. Nichols, V. Korivi, N. Tison and M. Uddin,
“Adaptation of the Dynamic Mode Decomposition Methodology to High
Reynolds Number Flow over a Ground Vehicle : Challenges and Mitigation,”
In Proceedings of the Ground Vehicle Systems Engineering and Technology
Symposium (GVSETS), NDIA, Novi, MI, Aug. 15-17, 2023.
DYNAMIC SNOWFALL SCENE SIMULATIONS FOR AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE SENSOR PERFORMANCE
Authors: Vecherin Sergey N. , Tedesche Molly E. , Parker Michael W.
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Cold regions are becoming increasingly more important for off-road vehicle
mobility, including autonomous navigation. Most of the time, these regions are
covered by snow, and vehicles are forced to operate under active snowfall
conditions. In such scenarios, realistic and effective models to predict
performance of on-board sensors during snowfalls become of paramount importance.
This paper describes a stochastic approach for two-dimensional numerical
simulation of dynamic snow scenes that eventually will be used for driving
condition visualization and vehicle sensor performance predictions. The model
captures realistic snow particle size distribution, terminal near-surface
particle speeds, and adequately describes interactions with wind.

Citation: S. N. Vecherin, M. E. Tedesche, M. W. Parker,
“Dynamic Snowfall Scene Simulations for Autonomous Vehicle Sensor
Performance”, In Proceedings of the Ground Vehicle Systems
Engineering and Technology Symposium (GVSETS), NDIA, Novi, MI, Aug.
15-17, 2023.
THE UNWRITTEN TRUTHS OF MILITARY GROUND VEHICLE
ARCHITECTURE
Authors: Bennett Eric , Machart Mandel
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

From the hard-earned lessons learned over years of architecting, designing, and
integrating systems on military ground combat vehicles, we have repeatedly
encountered and identified challenges that are not captured by the system level
vehicles requirements.

Citation: E. Bennett, M. Machart, “The Unwritten Truths of
Military Ground Vehicle Architecture,” In Proceedings of the Ground
Vehicle Systems Engineering and Technology Symposium (GVSETS), NDIA, Novi, MI,
Aug. 15-17, 2023.
PRODUCT LINE ENGINEERING WITHIN A DIGITAL ENGINEERING / MODEL-BASED
SYSTEMS ENGINEERING ENVIRONMENT FOR GROUND VEHICLE SYSTEMS
Authors: Kanon Robert J. , Griffin Kevin W. , Dua Surender K. , Tuckowski Dennis J. , Gasbarro Michelle D. , Rojas Nathan D. , Schultz Steven
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

The ISO 26580 Software and systems engineering — Methods and tools for
the feature-based approach to software and systems product line engineering
(PLE)1 standard provides the guidance
and direction to be successfully applied to military ground vehicle systems.
Implementing PLE provides military stakeholder benefits such as increased
commonality, functionality, quality, and productivity, while also delivering
decreased risk and cost. Moreover, these benefits last through multiple
generations of ground vehicle sytems. Merging PLE into a Digital Engineering
(DE)/Model-based System Engineering (MBSE) environment is a critical proven
combination for successful automotive manufacturers today. This same approach
can be extended to the military ground vehicle family of vehicles resulting in
the ability to rapidly design, assess, evaluate, simulate, manage, and
instantiate product variants from a common feature catalog.
AUTOMATION OF TEST CASE GENERATION AND SOFTWARE SYSTEM
MODELLING
Authors: Lingg Michael , Paul Howard , Kushwaha Sachin , Ortiz Jaiden
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

System and software requirements provide a definition of what the system implementation
is required to do, and are a necessary component to independent requirement based testing
for safety critical systems. However as vital as these requirements are, the requirements
often are not analyzed until a safety assessment is performed, or the system fails during
testing. Automating the system analysis and testing can be used to help to shift left the
software life cycle, particularly when the automation augments, rather than replaces,
human test developers. This paper presents a method to convert textual requirements into a
logical model of the system. This logical model can be used for various automated system
analysis procedures, as well as automated test generation. We show this automation can
provide significant insight into possible issues in the system, as well as significantly
accelerating the time required for test development.

Citation: M. Lingg, H. Paul, S. Kushwaha, J Ortiz, “Automation of
Test Case Generation and Software System Modelling,” In Proceedings of the
Ground Vehicle Systems Engineering and Technology Symposium (GVSETS), NDIA,
Novi, MI, Aug. 15-17, 2023.
MANUFACTURING, MODELING, AND CHARACTERIZING THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITES FOR MILITARY VEHICLE APPLICATIONS
Authors: Patton Evan G. , Hart Robert J.
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

This paper focuses on development of methods for manufacturing structural
thermoplastic composite materials, characterizing the mechanical properties of
such composites, and modeling the static and dynamic performance in relevant
military vehicle modeling and simulation environments. A thermoplastic
polyethylene terephthalate (PET) / fiberglass composite was selected for this
study due to the high specific strength of e-glass fibers, the high toughness of
the PET thermoplastic, and relatively low price point, all which make it an
attractive candidate for structural lightweighting of vehicles. The raw
materials were manufactured into composite laminates using a compression molding
process and then the mechanical properties were characterized using experimental
test methods. Properties like stiffness, strength, and strain-to-failure of the
composite were characterized using standard ASTM methods, and the resulting
properties were directly fed into a computational material model. However, in
order to characterize more complex material responses, like delamination between
layers, a special through thickness butt-joint test was utilized so that the
physical properties in the test matched the physics in the modeling and
simulation environment. Several lessons were learned throughout the study, which
may be useful to engineers and researchers looking to integrate structural
thermoplastic composites into future military ground systems.

Citation: E. Patton, R. Hart, “Manufacturing, Modeling, and
Characterizing Thermoplastic Composites for Military Vehicle
Applications,” In Proceedings of the Ground Vehicle Systems
Engineering and Technology Symposium (GVSETS), NDIA, Novi, MI, Aug.
16-18, 2022.
EXTRACTING ACTIONABLE INFORMATION FROM HETEROGENEOUS SENSORS IN THE FIELD: A DISTRIBUTED HYBRID AI APPROACH IN CONSTRAINED DOMAINS
Authors: Pavlin Gregor , Boudreault Raphaël , Penders Ate , de Graaf Maurits , Lafond Daniel , Swiebel Andy
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

We present a modular architecture that enables advanced surveillance
functions exploiting data collected from heterogeneous sensors dispersed
over multiple, often mobile platforms in the field. Examples of such
functions are red forces tracking with surveillance gaps, detection of
different types of anomalies, search and rescue operation monitoring, and
threat alerting. This novel approach combines a distributed fusion engine,
an intelligent process manager, and a system of ruggedized computers,
enabling information processing in the tactical domain. The hybrid AI-based
heterogeneous fusion engine consists of different algorithms, including
various detectors and classifiers, represented as services in a light-weight
information management and interoperability layer. This architecture layer
enables context-dependent discovery of the right sensing and processing
services at runtime that are combined using a robust Bayesian fusion layer
exploiting complex correlations in the data. The discovered services are
distributed over a network of computing nodes by an intelligent process
manager, which optimizes network resource allocation according to
communication and processing capacities. The fusion engine and the process
manager are delivered to the tactical domain using the ruggedized SOTAS
computing and communication infrastructure, achieving efficient, actionable,
timely, and consistent situation awareness in constrained domains, such as
military vehicles.

Citation: G. Pavlin, R. Boudreault, A. Penders, M. de Graaf, D.
Lafond, A. Swiebel, “Extracting Actionable Information From
Heterogeneous Sensors in the Field: A Distributed Hybrid AI Approach in
Constrained Domains,” In Proceedings of the Ground Vehicle
Systems Engineering and Technology Symposium (GVSETS), NDIA, Novi,
MI, Aug. 15-17, 2023.
EXPENDABLE LOW-PROFILE MODULAR UGVS for COMBAT VEHICLE UNDERBODY
OPERATION
Authors: Washington Anastasya , Stempien Andrew , Schouster Ryan , Wilson Drew , Read Callum , Svoboda Garret , Burton Jared , Pendergrass Jacob , Young Freddie , Bennett Jacob , Sapunkov Oleg B.
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Presented are two designs for compact, low-profile UGVs with high cross-country
mobility, intended for underbody operations with heavy manned vehicles. These
UGVs are designed to remotely detect and assess combat damage incurred during
combat operations, and analyze wear, leaks, and cracks, without the need for a
human technician to be exposed to enemy fire, allowing crews to rapidly assess
the conditions of their vehicles. Since robots required for underbody inspection
would necessarily maintain a low, compact profile, they could also perform
effective last-mile resupply in a contested environment, their small size
allowing them to hide behind terrain and battlefield debris much more
effectively than a heavy logistics robot. Naturally, a robotic vehicle that is
capable of rapid underbody inspection of friendly vehicles or last-mile resupply
could also be easily adapted as a combat platform to be used against enemy
vehicles.

Citation: A. Washington, et al., “Expendable Low-Profile
Robot for Vehicle Underbody Operation”, in Proceedings of the
Ground Vehicle Systems Engineering and Technology Symposium
(GVSETS), NDIA, Novi, MI, Aug. 15-17, 2023.
PHYSICALLY COOPERATING AUTONOMOUS GROUND VEHICLES
Authors: Ashley Michiel , McMullan Davis , Gopalswamy Swaminathan
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Off-road mobility for an individual autonomous ground vehicle (AGV) can be
severely limited by extreme environments (such as muddy patches or steep cliffs
in off-road terrain). However, when operating as a group, cooperation between
the AGVs can be leveraged to overcome such limitations. Traditionally
cooperation has been achieved through information sharing, enabling the AGVs to
“avoid” the extreme environments. In this paper we propose to
achieve such cooperation through physical energy sharing, where the AGVs can
“recover” from these environment scenarios. Specifically, we
propose the use of a robotic manipulator (RM) that connects a disabled or
degraded AGV with an operational AGV. A fleet level controller is proposed. The
AGVs and the RM are modeled in Modelica, and integrated with the controller to
perform simulations. We demonstrate collaborative movement in two scenarios,
namely crossing a muddy patch and climbing a steep cliff. In each scenario the
individual vehicle fails to complete the mission when degraded, however the
cooperative fleet succeeds, while also enabling the degraded AGV to regain
operational status.

Citation: M. Ashley, D. McMullan, S. Gopalswamy, “Physically
Cooperating Autonomous Ground Vehicles,” In Proceedings of the
Ground Vehicle Systems Engineering and Technology Symposium
(GVSETS), NDIA, Novi, MI, Aug. 15-17, 2023.
A RUNTIME MONITOR FOR PLATFORM PROTECTION AGAINST SKID-STEER UNTRIPPED ROLLOVERS
Authors: Dietrich Elizabeth , Pohland Sara , Genin Daniel , Schmidt Aurora , Vallabha Gautam , Composto Anthony , Randolph Marcus
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs) that autonomously maneuver over off-road terrain
are susceptible to a loss of stability through untripped rollovers. Without
human supervision and intervention, untripped rollovers can damage the UGV and
render it unusable. We create a runtime monitor that can provide protection
against rollovers that is independent of the type of high-level autonomy
strategy (path planning, navigation, etc.) used to command the platform. In
particular, we present an implementation of a predictive system monitor for
untripped rollover protection in a skid-steer robotic platform. The system
monitor sits between the UGV’s autonomy stack and the platform, and it
ensures that the platform is not at risk of rollover by intercepting mobility
commands sent by the autonomy stack, predicting platform stability, and
adjusting the mobility commands to avoid potential rollovers. We demonstrate our
implementation through experiments with skid-steer UGVs in Gazebo simulation and
physical experiments.

Citation: E. Dietrich, S. Pohland, D. Genin, A. Schmidt, G.
Vallabha, A. Composto, M. Randolph, “A Runtime Monitor for Platform
Protection Against Skid-steer Untripped Rollovers,” In
Proceedings of the Ground Vehicle Systems Engineering and Technology
Symposium (GVSETS), NDIA, Novi, MI, Aug. 15-17, 2023.
Minimum Requirements for Road Geometry and Attributes Definition
Authors:   V2X Core Technical Committee
Published: November 2024

This report specifies the minimum requirements for the Road Geometry and Attributes (RGA) data set (DS) to support road geometry related motor vehicle safety applications. Contained in this report are a concept of operations, requirements, and design, developed using a detailed systems engineering process. Utilizing the requirements, the RGA DS is defined, which includes the DS Abstract Syntax Notation One (ASN.1) format, data frames, and data element definitions.

The requirements are intended to enable the exchange of the messages and their DS information to provide the desired interoperability and data integrity to support the applications considered within this report, as well as other applications which may be able to utilize the DS information. System requirements beyond this are outside the scope of this report.
The Lock-In of Management Studies
Authors: Bellini Nicola
Published: November 2024

This paper proposes a systemic narrative that contributes to understanding the current state of management studies. It argues that a lock-in situation is occurring due to the convergent impact of cognitive, functional, and political constraints. Cognitive lock-ins originate from a dominant epistemology. Functional lock-ins relate to the oligopolistic structure of the industry. Political lock-ins derive from the cooperative behavior of power structures. The paper suggests that a lock-in situation is inherently resilient, but signs of a possible change are increasingly visible.
Parenting Behaviors and Adolescent Anxiety in Bangladesh
Authors: Khatun Mst. Shamima , Begum Taslima , Akter Mosammet Khaleda , Hossain Md. Sazzad
Published: November 2024

Objectives: The study examined the association between parenting behaviors and adolescent anxiety in Bangladesh. Methods: Using a convenient sampling technique, a descriptive correlational study was conducted among 101 selected adolescents. After data collection, it was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study was conducted from January 2023 to December 2023. Results: The study findings revealed that adolescents perceive a medium level of anxiety. The finding was a highly significant negative correlation between parenting behaviors and adolescent anxiety. Adolescent anxiety was also significantly associated with gender, relationship with parents and bullying by parents. Conclusion: The study findings will be the evidence for developing awareness among parents, which will help to build their parenting behaviors and ultimately reduce adolescent anxiety.
Quality of Life and Pulmonary Function after Lung Cancer Treatment: Systematic Review
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma De Yucatán. Yucatán, México., Ruiz Gladys Teresa Medina , Uc Armando Balam ,   Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias. Ciudad de México, México., Rosado Saraí Catzín ,   Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de la Península de Yucatán. Yucatán, México., Ruiz Carlos William Medina ,   Universidad Autónoma de Campeche. Campeche, México., Arceo David Ricardo Rodriguez ,   Centro de Salud de Mérida. Yucatán, México.
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Its treatment has a significant impact on the physical and psychological well-being of patients, resulting in a reduction in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and pulmonary function. Objective: To provide a detailed assessment of the available literature on the impact of lung cancer treatment on the quality of life and functioning of patients. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using advanced searches in the databases The Cochrane Library Plus, PubMed, and Science Direct. The selected publications were thoroughly analyzed, and the PRISMA scale (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) was used to display the selection process. Results: A total of 51 articles were identified. Studies involving cancers other than lung cancer, or those that did not include questionnaires, spirometry tests, or the effects of physical exercise on patient outcomes, were subsequently excluded. After a full-text review, 11 articles met the previously defined criteria. This literature review reveals that, in most of the studies examined, the quality of life of lung cancer patients tends to decline after treatment, reflecting the physical, emotional, and social challenges they face throughout the process. Regarding lung function, the reviewed studies show that it deteriorates following treatment, resulting in a reduction in the patients’ respiratory capacity. Conclusion: Although the results provide evidence of the impact of lung cancer and its treatment on various aspects of life, further research with larger sample sizes is necessary to validate these findings.
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome and its Clinical Look-Alikes: Diagnostic Insights
Authors:   Department of General Medicine and Acute Assessment Unit, Canberra Hospital, Canberra, ACT, Australia, Ekladious Adel
Published: November 2024

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a rare but life-threatening neurological emergency associated with the idiosyncratic reaction to dopaminereceptor antagonist medications or with rapid withdrawal of dopaminergic medications.
An Academic Study of Alaca Mosque the Integration of Ottoman and Western Architectural Elements
Authors:   Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, International Vision University, North Macedonia, Arici Ayse
Published: November 2024

Alaca Mosque, located in the city of Tetova (Kalkandelen) in North Macedonia, is a significant structure that uniquely amalgamates typical Ottoman mosque architecture with Western artistic influences. Characterized by its square plan and central dome, the mosque harmonizes traditional Ottoman structural design with richly decorated interior spaces, presenting comprehensive frescoes and intricate stone craftsmanship. This study thoroughly examines Alaca Mosque’s architectural and artistic features, highlighting the interaction between the building’s structural components and decorative elements and the juxtaposition of its modest exterior with its grand interior. Within the scope of the research, an on-site inspection of the mosque was performed, including the documentation of its current condition through high-resolution photography and the comparison of historical and contemporary architectural plans. This methodology facilitated the evaluation of the building’s alterations over time and the effects of restoration efforts. The frescoes and decorations within Alaca Mosque’s interior illustrate the synthesis of Ottoman artistic principles with Western influences. Furthermore, the analysis of the mosque’s stone craftsmanship and decorative elements provides insights into the aesthetic and cultural values of the era. The study underscores Alaca Mosque’s position and significance within the Ottoman architectural heritage, emphasizing its cultural and historical value. The comparative analysis of old and new plans reveals the continuity and evolution of the mosque’s architectural elements. In conclusion, a comprehensive architectural and artistic analysis of Alaca Mosque has been conducted, offering recommendations for its preservation and the transmission of its legacy to future generations. This paper aims to enhance the understanding of the Alaca Mosque as a unique exemplar of Ottoman architecture and contribute to the academic literature in architecture and art history.
Drug Shortages in Pharmacies: Root Causes, Consequences and the Role of the F.D.A. in Mitigation Strategies
Authors:   Pharmacy Manager Weatherwax Family Pharmacies Inc Spring Arbor, Michigan, USA, Andy Adinarayana , Andy Divya
Published: November 2024

Drug shortages provide a substantial problem to the healthcare system, negatively impacting patient care and the continuity of treatment. This book examines the reasons for medicine shortages: manufacturing setbacks, supply chain weaknesses, and regulatory intricacies. It underscores the ramifications of these shortages, including exacerbated harmful effects on patients and elevated stress levels among healthcare providers. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration's (F.D.A.) role in alleviating these shortages is thoroughly analyzed, highlighting tactics including accelerated approvals, risk management protocols, and encouraging domestic production. The F.D.A.'s collaboration with pharmaceutical producers and healthcare professionals facilitates prompt communication and practical actions during shortages. Moreover, the article endorses adopting preventive strategies, such as production redundancy and using technology for enhanced forecasting. This paper seeks to enhance the discourse on improving the reliability of pharmaceutical supply chains and protecting patient health by examining the complex nature of drug shortages and the F.D.A.'s proactive measures.
Review of the Properties, Acceptance, and Use of Eucalyptus as an Alternative Species in Ethiopia's Wood Industries
Authors: Kaba Gemechu
Published: November 2024

The demand for forest-related goods and services has continued to grow in Ethiopia due to the increasing population, urbanization, and the boom of the construction sector. In the past, the demand was covered by indigenous timber species, which now have declined due to unwise exploitations. To narrow down the gap between supply and demand an alternative solution is promoting and utilizing fast-growing species such as Eucalyptus wood. To effectively utilize this species identifying its special characteristics, level of acceptance in wood industries, and utilization practices are very important.  To achieve the goals of this review, a thorough search was carried out across multiple scholarly databases. Then, pertinent research, papers, and articles about the use of Eucalyptus in the wood industries were downloaded and reviewed. The study shows that Eucalyptus is widely cultivated in various regions of Ethiopia and plays a significant role in the socio-economic dimensions of many Ethiopians, providing livelihood opportunities, environmental services, and supporting sustainable development. Although it is being used as an alternative to traditional timber species in many places in the world, it is not being widely used in Ethiopia's wood industry for furniture manufacturing. This is because producers are unaware of the special properties of this species; its felling technique, sawing method, and drying behavior which demands proper attention and care. To ensure the sustainable use of Eucalyptus resources, better tree management techniques, innovative wood processing techniques, market development, and strengthening the capacity of relevant stakeholders are imperative.
Effect of Sodium Selenite and Zinc Sulphate on the Weight, Size, Seminal Fluid Traits, and Histological Changes of the Testis and Epididymis in Kurdi Rams
Authors: Palani Zirak M. R. , Khalil, W.A  , Kutaibani Hamid E. I. , Amin Faraidoon A. M.
Published: November 2024

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Sodium selenite (Se) and zinc sulfate (Zn) supplementation individually and blended between them on semen quality, testicle size, weight, and Histological changes of the testis and epididymis, in 12 Kurdi rams. The twelve rams were divided randomly into 4 equal groups. The animals were divided into four groups 3 rams per group. The first group was the normal diet control without the addition of selenium and zinc, the second group added selenium (sodium selenite) at a concentration of 0.5 mg/kg fed, and the third group added zinc (zinc sulfate) at a concentration of 100 mg/kg fed. The fourth group added selenium with zinc at a concentration of 0.5 + 100 mg/kg fed and was given gelatin capsules daily for 90 days. Semen was collected on the 90th day of the experiment. The results showed that the level of Selenium and Zinc in the blood serum significantly (p≤0.05) increased the groups that added Se, Zn, and a combination of them compared to the control group. Overall results revealed that the abnormal sperms were improved by dietary selenium supplementation, No significant differences (P≥0.05) were found in semen volume, color, PH, sperm motility, sperm concentration, and percent live spermatozoa. Our conclusion from this study confirmed that the supplementation of Sodium selenite and zinc sulfate can improve semen quality and has positive effects on Histological parameters in Kurdi rams.
Impacts of Agrobiodiversity in Landscape Ecology
Authors: Hailu Fekadu
Published: November 2024

The agricultural landscape is very important for the production of goods and services, which are vital to human life. However, agricultural intensification affects the ecological interconnection, function, structure, and capability of landscape production and productivity. Therefore, this review aims to understand the role, diverse causes of biodiversity losses, and maintenance options of agrobiodiversity in landscape ecology. To achieve these objectives, different reputable journal articles that were published starting in 2013 until now were collected, organized, summarized, and compiled carefully. Agrobiodiversity includes all the components of biological diversity that are relevant to agricultural ecosystems. It has an essential role in the sustainable development of agricultural systems, which provide food, fiber, fuel, fodder, medicines, and other products for subsistence. Agricultural biodiversity has a great contribution to food security, production, environmental sustainability, diversifying rural livelihoods, and rural development. These essential agrobiodiversity are endangered due to the ignoring of native knowledge, the absence of local institutions and management systems, inequitable tenure, market pressures, and demographic factors. Thus, conserving agrobiodiversity and its multiple functions included awareness creation in ecosystem management, promoting local adaptive management, supporting local participation, strengthening local rights and tenure property, improving trade-related policies, and providing economic incentives.
Role of Social Media in Environmental Crisis
Authors: Daffina' Roberto
Published: November 2024

The current environmental and social crises are directing human beings toward extinction. This has come about after using an economic development model for hundreds of years that has depleted natural resources that can no longer be reproduced and caused the extinction of thousands of plant and animal species. Through this study, the development of information and communication technology has been compared over time with environmental degradation and conservation actions. Separate growth paths that have found a point of contact with climate marches and have continued together for more than a decade. The message among humans is increasingly passing through social channels enjoyed by mobile devices. Some generic user data were analyzed on a global and continental level, while the demographic and territorial characterization of Italian users was explored in depth. Through this article, we aim to show that it is important to use social media for the involvement of people in addressing environmental crises. The increasing use of these communication tools allows through targeted messages their active involvement.
Spiritualitas Ekologis Abad Pertengahan dan Implikasinya bagi Pemeliharaan Lingkungan Masa Kini
Authors: Kristiantoro Sony
Published: November 2024

Abstract:  The current ecological crisis is caused by various factors that influence each other, including political, economic, cultural, and religious factors. Religious factors include spirituality that underlies people's behavior in everyday life. This paper is obtained through qualitative research using literature studies and is intended to provide some historical descriptions of ecological spirituality that began to emerge in the Middle Ages. The study results show that the medievals appreciated the earth and God's creation so well. The spirituality lived by the people in the Middle Ages can be an inspiration for us today. So people today do not treat the environment and creation as objects and exploit them to the full, but maintain, green the earth, make them friends, and want to actively participate in making this earth a better place for all.Abstrak: Krisis ekologi pada masa sekarang ini disebabkan oleh berbagai macam faktor yang saling memengaruhi, di antaranya adalah faktor politik, faktor ekonomi, faktor budaya, dan juga faktor agama. Faktor agama di antaranya berupa spiritualitas yang mendasari orang-orang berperilaku dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Tulisan ini didapatkan melalui penelitian kualitatif dengan memakai studi literatur, dan dimaksudkan untuk memberikan beberapa gambaran historis mengenai spiritualitas ekologis yang sudah mulai muncul pada abad-abad pertengahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa para tokoh pada abad pertengahan ternyata sangat menghargai bumi dan ciptaan Tuhan sedemikian baiknya. Spiritualitas yang dihidupi oleh para ahli pada abad pertengahan itu, dapat menjadi inspirasi bagi tindakan yang dilakukan oleh manusia pada zaman ini, sehingga tidak memperlakukan lingkungan hidup dan ciptaan sebagai objek dan mengeksploitasinya habis-habisan, melainkan memelihara, menghijaukan bumi, menjadikannya sahabat, dan mau berpartisipasi secara aktif dalam menjadikan bumi ini sebagai tempat yang lebih baik bagi semuanya.
Kaum Injili dan Pericope Adulterae (Yoh. 7:53-8:11): Sebuah Usulan
Authors: Kristianto Stefanus
Published: November 2024

Abstract:  Pericope Adulterae, commonly known as “The Story of the Adulterous Woman” (John 7:53-8:11), is one of the famous stories in the Gospel of John. However, this story turns out to have serious problems regarding its authenticity. So, how should Evangelicals deal with this passage? This paper will begin with a textual analysis to show that the Pericope Adulterae is not an integral part of the Gospel of John. Afterwards, the authors turn to historical analysis to show that Pericope Adulterae probably originated from an oral tradition that was then preserved in three different written forms. Lastly, the writer tries to look at this text from a theological perspective, especially the Evangelical doctrine of inspiration. The author concludes that Pericope Adulterae is not part of the inspired word of God. Therefore, this passage should not be the norma normans for the Evangelicals. However, this passage is a beautiful legacy of church tradition, which to some extent can still be used in the spiritual life of the Evangelicals.  Abstrak: Pericope Adulterae, atau yang lazim dikenal sebagai “Kisah Perempuan yang Berzinah” (Yoh. 7:53-8:11), adalah salah satu kisah terkenal dalam Injil Yohanes. Meski demikian, kisah ini ternyata memiliki problem serius mengenai autentisitasnya. Lantas, bagaimanakah Kaum Injili harus menyikapi perikop ini? Tulisan ini akan mulai dengan analisa tekstual untuk menunjukkan bahwa Pericope Adulterae bukanlah bagian integral dari Injil Yohanes. Selanjutnya, penulis berpindah ke analisa historis untuk menunjukkan bahwa Pericope Adulterae kemungkinan berasal dari tradisi lisan yang lantas dipelihara dalam tiga bentuk tertulis yang berbeda. Terakhir, penulis mencoba memandang teks ini dengan kacamata teologis, khususnya doktrin Kaum Injili mengenai inspirasi. Kesimpulan penulis, Pericope Adulterae bukan bagian dari firman Allah yang diinspirasikan. Karena itu, bagian ini tidak seharusnya menjadi norma normans bagi Kaum Injili. Meski demikian, perikop ini adalah warisan yang indah dari tradisi gereja, yang dalam batas tertentu masih bisa digunakan dalam kehidupan rohani Kaum Injili.
Sisi Gelap Allah dalam Kitab Ayub
Authors: Sin Sia Kok
Published: November 2024

Abstract:  A careful reading of the book of Job will reveal the dark side of God. God acted as if it were against His nature. God is merciful and kind, but he is the cause of Job’s suffering and does not provide answers to Job’s questions about the reason for his suffering. Some experts discuss this, but others ignore it. Through examining the book of Job, the author tries to explain the dark side of God in the book of Job. The author divides the book of Job into several parts, namely Job 1-2, 3-37, 38-41 and 42, as a basis for discussion and seeks to provide a theological review of God’s attitude and character towards Job in dealing with his suffering, interaction with his friends, or even with God himself. God was willing to “bet” with Satan, thus bringing tragedy in the life of Job, a godly man. God was silent totally in the midst of the theological debates of Job and his friends. God who spoke through His wisdom and omnipotence yet did not answer Job’s questions about the reasons for the tragedy in his life. Instead, God restored Job with his partial compensation. This article aims to remind readers of the dark side of God that will remain a mystery. The believer has to embrace this dark side of God with a faith that is not based on knowledge, feelings and experience but a total commitment to God. Total trust in God regardless of everything God allows to happen in his life. Abstrak: Pembacaan yang teliti terhadap kitab Ayub akan menghadirikan sisi gelap Allah. Allah bertindak seolah-olah bertentangan dengan natur-Nya. Allah yang maha murah dan baik justru yang menjadi penyebab penderitaan Ayub yang saleh dan tidak memberikan jawaban atas pertanyaan Ayub tentang alasan penderitaannya. Ada ahli yang membahas hal ini, tetapi ada ahli yang mengabaikannya. Melalui penyelusuran kitab Ayub penulis berupaya memaparkan sisi gelap Allah dalam kitab Ayub. Penulis membagi kitab Ayub menjadi beberapa bagian, yaitu Ayub 1-2, 3-37, 38-41 dan 42 sebagai dasar pembahasan dan berupaya memberikan tinjauan teologis sikap dan karakter Allah terhadap Ayub dalam menghadapi penderitaannya, interaksi dengan teman-temannya, atau bahkan dengan Allah sendiri. Allah yang mau “bertaruh” dengan Iblis, sehingga membawa tragedi dalam kehidupan Ayub, seorang yang saleh. Allah yang membisu di tengah perdebatan teologis Ayub dan teman-temannya. Allah yang berbicara melalui hikmat dan kemahakuasaan-Nya, namun tidak memberikan jawaban atas pertanyaan Ayub tentang alasan tragedi dalam hidupnya. Allah yang memulihkan Ayub dengan kompensasi parsialnya. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengingatkan pembaca akan sisi gelap Allah yang akan tetap menjadi suatu misteri. Hal ini perlu disikapi oleh orang percaya dengan iman yang tidak didasarkan atas pengetahuan, perasaan dan pengalaman, tetapi pada komitmen total kepada Allah. Kepercayaan total kepada Allah terlepas dari segala hal yang Allah izinkan terjadi dalam kehidupannya.