bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Official information on sulfur dioxide emissions and its assessment using satellite remote sensing data
Authors:   Perm State University, Syomin Pavel O.
Published: January 2023

The purpose of the study is to assess the openness, availability and reliability of official information on sulfur dioxide emissions from 31 of the largest point anthropogenic sources located in Russia. For the assessment, a comparison was made of the amounts of emissions according to official reporting and remote sensing data. The set of reported data was formed using information from websites of Federal State Statistic Service and of Federal Service for Supervision of Natural Resources, as well as those contained in state reports on the ecological situation and on environmental protection or in public non-financial statements of large companies. Remote sensing dataset was downloaded from NASA Global Sulfur Dioxide Monitoring project website. Data comparison was carried out using statistical analysis methods. It is found that remote sensing data can be considered a standard of information openness and availability, while reported data is incomplete and requires significant efforts to collect. For the emissions up to 50 000 tons per year, the differences between the reported and remote sensing data can be explained solely by the uncertainty of satellite measures. With a larger amount, however, the remote sensing values are in general larger than reported ones, which may indicate imperfect systems of emission control from stationary sources, the presence of many unaccounted sources, or deliberate distortion of environmental information. Emission catalogues from satellite data can become an alternative and supplement to official reporting, as well as be used for control and surveillance activities and bringing to legal responsibility. Topical issues are publishing official environmental information in a form of open data, the development of mechanisms for public non-financial reporting of large companies, the study of the links between information transparency and reliability of the information, as well as the peculiarities of the formation of official reporting about environmental impact.
Gender differences in values among representatives of the millennial generation
Authors:   Psychological Institute of the Russian Academy of Education, Rzhanova Irina , Alekseeva Olga ,   Psychological Institute of the Russian Academy of Education, Albov Aleksandr ,   Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Burdukova Yulia ,   Moscow State University of Psychology and Education
Published: January 2023

This article examines gender differences in basic individual values among representatives of the millennial generation and older generations. Values are stable characteristics of a person that determine goals, judgments, actions, and behavior. The structure of values depends on various factors, such as age, gender, social status, education, etc. Generational differences influencing the formation of values are of particular interest. The main focus of the work is aimed at studying the generation of millennials, who now make up the most active part of the population. In total, the study involved 949 people, 528 women and 421 men aged 18 to 70 years. The respondents were divided into 3 groups according to the years of their birth: the generation of stagnation (315 people, 46 % women), the reform generation (310 people, 61 % women), the generation of millennials (324 people, 59 % women). The Portrait Questionnaire by S. Schwartz was used to assess personal values. The questionnaire reveals 10 basic values: Security, Conformity, Tradition, Self-Direction, Stimulation, Hedonism, Achievement, Power, Benevolence, and Universalism. The main results of the study include the identified gender differences in the group of millennials in the Self-Direction, Security, and Power. Men of the reform generation (who grew up in the 1990s) have significantly higher preference of Stimulation than women of the reform generation and representatives of the generation of stagnation. Conformity, Tradition, Hedonism, and Achievement have the same value among men and women regardless of age in our society. In general, compared to older generations, young millennials prefer the values of Self-Enhancement and Openness to Change as opposed to the values of Conservation and Self-Transcendence.
Features of coping with situations of change among representatives of Azerbaijani culture
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Bityutskaya Ekaterina , Khanaliyeva Nasiba ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Baku Branch
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to the analysis of the response of Azerbaijanis to life situations of change. Since the situations of change are characterized by dynamism, uncertainty and a great expenditure of resources, and the perception of such events is often associated with stress and threat, the phenomenon of responding to changes and structural uncertainty may be studied in the context of coping. The empirical research was conducted out within the framework of mixed methods approaches and included two stages. At the first stage, the quantitative data of the Azerbaijani sample (N = 278) were analyzed. The indicators of consistency and intercorrelations of scales, descriptive statistics, as well as the results of the exploratory factor analysis of the questionnaire “Types of response to a changing situation” were considered. Changes in the psychometric properties of the questionnaire were identified. In order to explain the discovered facts at the second stage, qualitative data were analyzed: descriptions of response models to changes (N = 42; using the method of grounded theory in the version of K. Charmaz) and explanations of the drawings “Image of changes” (N = 88). It was found that the majority of Azerbaijani respondents report a rare preference for structural uncertainty and a frequent desire to maintain the stability of the situation. The difference between the models of response to changes described by Azerbaijani and Russian students-psychologists is shown. While the methods are called similar (planning, positive reappraisal, etc.), their combination in models, and categorization (whether the action refers to acceptance or rejection of changes) diverge. Based on the analysis of quantitative and qualitative data, an ambivalent response is described: the use of both accepting and rejection the change strategies. The results are discussed in two contexts: 1) cultural values of Azerbaijan (collectivism, orientation on rules); 2) the need to comprehensively consider of coping strategies. The study expands the understanding of the mechanisms of cultural determination of coping with the situation of change, and offers a new data analysis scheme that allows to identify cultural differences.
FERTILIZACIÓN NITROGENADA DE REMOLACHA AZUCARERA TRASPLANTADA EN ZONAS ALTO ANDINAS DEL PERÚ
Authors: Paz-Ayala Pedro , Espejo Zavaleta Eldin , Maximiliano Gomes Domingo , Valdivia Vega Sergio , Pinna Cabrejos Jorge
Published: January 2023

En las zonas ecológicas Bosque húmedo montano subtropical y Pradera muy húmeda montano en el Perú, donde 1’000,000 ha podrían ser incorporadas a la agricultura, se estudió la remolacha (Beta vulgaris L.) establecida por plántulas. Se realizó un experimento con un cultivar de remolacha azucarera a 3 242 m.s.n.m. y las densidades de siembra de 100 000, 150 000, y 200 000 plantas ha-1, con las dosis de N: 20, 120, 220kg ha-1, y otro experimento con tres cultivares de azucarera a 4 043 m.s.n.m. en el cual se incluyeron las dosis de N: 0, 100, 200 y 300kg ha-1; y otro, con un cultivar forrajero a 3 121 m.s.n.m. que incluyó las densidades de 230 000, y 300 000 plantas ha-1 con las dosis de N de 24, 144 y 264kg ha-1. Los experimentos fueron dispuestos en bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Ambos tipos de remolacha (azucarera y forrajera) se desarrollaron de forma normal hasta 3 tres meses de edad del cultivo y fueron tolerantes a heladas. El mayor rendimiento se obtuvo con la remolacha azucarera con la densidad de 200 mil plantas ha-1. Para la dosis de N no se observaron diferencias (p> 0,05) para rendimientos, sacarosa, grados brix, ni pureza. El análisis bromatológico de hojas más corona, indica que este subproducto puede ser utilizado en la alimentación de animales. El trasplante tardío afectó el desarrollo radicular y la respuesta a la fertilización nitrogenada. La remolacha forrajera mostró diferencias (p < 0,05) entre densidades de siembra, siendo la densidad de 300 mil plantas ha-1 la que presentó los mejores rendimientos.
EFICIENCIA ENERGÉTICA EN CONSTRUCCIONES SOSTENIBLES - ORIENTACIÓN POR ASOLEAMIENTO EN CLIMAS DE LATITUDES TROPICALES
Authors: Linares Zaferson Víctor , Cuéllar Cajahuaringa Nayeli , Romero Verastegui Betsy
Published: January 2023

En el proceso de diseño de una edificación, la orientación es uno de los criterios utilizados en el planteamiento, la cual depende de varios factores, entre ellos la radiación solar por asoleamiento y el Clima. Durante el proceso de diseño se realiza una etapa de prediseño y una etapa de diseño definitivo en la cual es posible cuantificar los resultados del balance de energía. El objetivo de la investigación plantea un método para determinar la orientación de una edificación en climas tropicales con la finalidad de lograr edificaciones con estándares de energía cerca a cero, con mayor eficiencia energética. La metodología utilizada es inductiva, basada en la experiencia del diseñador, analiza interrogantes e induce soluciones. Utiliza la “proyección ortogonal del recorrido aparente del sol” y las condiciones de temperatura ambiental. El resultado obtenido de la investigación ofrece un procedimiento aplicativo, práctico y fácil de ejecutar, para emplearlo en la primera etapa de diseño, lo cual permite determinar a priori la adecuada orientación de las paredes y ventanas de una edificación para lograr la máxima eficiencia del balance energético en un determinado clima. El procedimiento es validado mediante un cálculo de balance de energía para un prototipo en el territorio peruano.
Experiência da Educação Permanente em Saúde em um Centro de Atenção Psicossocial II na Amazônia
Authors: Messias Ana Cristina Sales de , Souza Ândrea Cardoso de , Almeida Ana Clementina Vieira de
Published: January 2023

Este estudo traz como tema a Educação Permanente em Saúde – EPS, a partir de uma necessidade de realizar uma análise crítica dos processos de EPS no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial II na Amazônia. Como as ações de EPS implantadas no CAPS Náuas influenciaram nos processos de trabalhos da equipe para o desenvolvimento de uma Atenção Psicossocial - AP? Compreender como as ações de EPS influenciaram nos processos de trabalho da equipe para o desenvolvimento de uma AP e narrar a experiência de EPS do CAPS Náuas de maio 2014 a maio de 2022 identificar e analisar as estratégias de EPS; , na perspectiva dos profissionais, os aspectos positivos e/ou negativos experiência e como as ações de EPS contribuíram para a qualificação profissional; a melhoria da qualidade do cuidado aos usuários; o desenvolvimento do trabalho em equipe e nos processos de gestão da unidade, e; desenvolver propostas que subsidiem as práticas de um trabalho interprofissional e as estratégias de gestão do cotidiano da unidade.  Uma abordagem qualitativa, na modalidade pesquisa intervenção, na perspectiva da narrativa, com referencial teórico os conceitos de AP e EPS. Os dados serão agrupados e analisados com referência na análise temática e serão formuladas categorias analíticas. A amostra será a totalidade dos profissionais do CAPS Náuas, sem distinção de nível de formação ou de categoria profissional. Como produto, pretende-se desenvolver ações de EPS com a rede intra e intersetorial para potencializar a AP na Regional de Saúde do Vale do Juruá, Tarauacá/Envira.
Palavras-Chave: Educação Continuada; Reabilitação Psiquiátrica; Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente; Saúde Mental; Serviços de Saúde Mental.
Hotelaria hospitalar e o idoso hospitalizado: considerações sobre rouparia na prática clínica em enfermagem
Authors: Marins Aline Miranda da Fonseca , Pinto Cecília Maria Izidoro , Santos Anne Caroline Rodrigues dos , Ferreira Priscila Brigolini Porfírio , Oliveira Francimar Tinoco de , Correa Amanda da Silva
Published: January 2023

Com o envelhecimento populacional observa-se o aumento do número de pessoas idosas que são hospitalizadas. O hospital precisa ser visto como um prestador de serviços de qualidade, proporcionando conforto, bem-estar e alívio, elementos essenciais do serviço de governança hospitalar. Buscou-se identificar, a partir de revisão integrativa na literatura em saúde, estudos que tratam da rouparia hospitalar, com vistas ao cuidado de enfermagem ao idoso hospitalizado na prática clínica. Revisão integrativa realizada no período de maio a agosto de 2022. As bases selecionadas foram a  Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), especificamente o Portal Regional da BVS - Informação e Conhecimento para a Saúde (https://bvsalud.org/) e a ferramenta de busca  Google Acadêmico (https://scholar.google.com.br/?hl=pt). Após o levantamento do material, nove estudos compuseram a amostra final para leitura na íntegra e análise de seu conteúdo. Eles apontaram que a saúde do idoso, no contexto hospitalar, deve estar alicerçada no conforto e no bem-estar. É necessário que haja uma conexão entre a hotelaria hospitalar, no eixo serviço de governança / rouparia, com a saúde do idoso e com o cuidado especializado de enfermagem a essa clientela, para propiciar e/ou provocar uma reorganização das atividades hospitalares com oferta de qualidade, conforto e segurança. Por fim, a rouparia deve ser vista não só como um dos elementos de apoio, mas também, como um elemento integrador e sustentador das necessidades prioritárias do idoso hospitalizado.
Palavras-Chave: Serviço Hospitalar de Lavanderia; Serviço Hospitalar de Enfermagem; Idoso; Hotelaria Hospitalar.
Efeitos nocivos da sucção não nutritiva na saúde bucal
Authors: Marcondes Fernanda Leal Lopes , Barbosa Carla Cristina Neves , Barbosa Oswaldo Luíz Cecilio , Donner Maurício Jorge
Published: January 2023

Hábito bucal é toda repetição de um ato, que se torna inconsciente. Podem ser classificados como nutritivos aqueles que permitem adquirir nutrientes essenciais (amamentação), ou não nutritivos, que não possuem obtenção de nutrientes, como sucção digital, de chupeta, de língua, de lábios ou de bochecha. Ele só vai ser deletério quando ocasionar um desequilíbrio neuromuscular, alterando assim o crescimento e o desenvolvimento do complexo crânio facial e da oclusão dentária, dependendo ainda de três fatores: intensidade, frequência e duração, de acordo com a tríade de Graber. Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo é revisar a literatura atual sobre os hábitos bucais de sucção e seus efeitos nas estruturas faciais, a fim de prevenir consequências futuras. Os trabalhos levantados nesta revisão de literatura mencionam que o hábito de sucção não nutritivo é o fator primordial para o desenvolvimento de más-oclusões. Com isso, entende-se que a amamentação sendo exclusiva até os seis primeiros meses de vida da criança, tem uma grande probabilidade destes hábitos deletérios não serem adquiridos.
Palavras-Chave: Aleitamento Materno; Sucção; Sistema Estomatognático.
O prazer no Matrimônio? Estrutura das representações sociais de jovens católicos sobre sexualidade
Authors: Couto Pablo Luiz Santos , Paiva Mirian Santos , Gomes Antônio Marcos Tosoli , Flores Tarcisio da Silva , Pereira Samantha Souza da Costa , França Luiz Carlos Moraes , Vilela Alba Benemérita Alves
Published: January 2023

Introdução: os discursos e doutrinas da Igreja Católica têm sido responsável por conformar representações e significados sobre diversos temas, como a sexualidade, em diversas sociedades (a exemplo do Brasil) e, assim, influenciar/controlar comportamentos, para preservação de seus valores morais. A Teoria das Representações Sociais (TRS) é fundamental para a análise do conhecimento do senso comum, ao considerar as dimensões simbólicas de um objeto construído histórico e socialmente. Destarte, objetivou-se analisar a estrutura das representações sociais de jovens católicos sobre sexualidade. Materiais e métodos: estudo qualitativo, fundamentado na abordagem Estrutural da TRS. Desenvolvido online, no Facebook, entre fevereiro e março de 2015, com 84 jovens católicos praticantes, de ambos os sexos, entre 18 a 24 anos, provenientes das cinco regiões do Brasil, em uma amostra por conveniência. Adotou-se o roteiro para Associação Livre de Palavras, para coleta de dados. As evocações foram processadas no software EVOC, que realizou a análise prototípica, originando o quadro de quatro casas. Resultados: O quadro de quatro casas revelou que as representações dos jovens católicos estão estruturadas nos elementos prazer, sexo, casamento (núcleo central) e amor (primeira periferia). Assim, o grupo demonstra conhecer o prazer, algo intrínseco ao conceito da sexualidade. Conclusões: as Representações Sociais do grupo aqui estudado tem sua estrutura na ideia da sexualidade (prazer) experienciada no matrimônio, o que se coaduna, em parte, com as orientações da doutrina católica para a prática do sexo, mas foge a noção tradicional da finalidade do sexo para a procriação.
Palavras-Chave: Representações Sociais; Religião e Sexo; Sexualidade; Saúde Sexual; Espiritualidade.
Impactos da inclusão da espiritualidade durante quimioterapia para o enfrentamento do câncer: ensaio clínico randomizado
Authors: Longuiniere Agnes Claudine Fontes De La , Santos Maria da Conceição Quirino dos , Crosato Edgard Michel , Yarid Sérgio Donha
Published: January 2023

Objetivo: Avaliar o enfrentamento do câncer após a inclusão da espiritualidade do paciente no tratamento quimioterápico. Método: ensaio clínico randomizado, realizado com 30 pacientes portadores de câncer em tratamento quimioterápico em uma Unidade de Assistência de Alta Complexidade em Oncologia. A intervenção que incluiu a dimensão espiritual do paciente durante o cuidado foi o Relaxamento, Imagens Mentais e Espiritualidade, e para avaliar o enfrentamento foi utilizada a Escala de Modos de Enfrentamento de Problemas. Pesquisa cadastrada no Registro Brasileiro de Ensaios Clínicos sob o número RBR-9qpmcfr. Resultados: a estratégia de enfrentamento mais utilizada pelos participantes da intervenção foi a prática religiosa/pensamento fantasioso, antes e depois da intervenção, e para o grupo controle a principal estratégia foi focalizada no problema no início da coleta e prática religiosa/pensamento fantasioso e no problema, no segundo momento da pesquisa. Apesar disso, não foram observadas diferenças estatísticas no modo de enfrentamento entre os grupos estudados. Conclusão: apesar de não serem identificadas diferenças no enfrentamento do câncer após a inclusão da espiritualidade no tratamento quimioterápico, observa-se que as principais maneiras que o paciente utiliza para enfrentar o diagnóstico e tratamento do câncer envolvem questões relacionadas à espiritualidade. Assim, é importante considerar esta dimensão durante o plano terapêutico.
Palavras-Chave: Espiritualidade; Religião; Ensaio Clínico; Adaptação Psicológica; Neoplasias.
religiosidade nas universidades de odontologia do Brasil
Authors: Souza Ianderlei Andrade , Santos Maria da Conceição Quirino dos , Tavares Marilei de Melo , Gomes Antônio Marcos Tosoli , Yarid Sérgio Donha
Published: January 2023

Objetivo: Conhecer a religiosidade de docentes e discentes dos cursos de odontologia de diferentes Instituições de Ensino Superior no Brasil. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo transversal realizando com 390 discentes e docentes de diferentes cursos de odontologia do Brasil. Utilizou-se a escala DUREL para mensuração do envolvimento religioso. Resultados: foi evidenciada diferença estatisticamente significante da média dos domínios “Religiosidade Organizacional”, “Religiosidade Não Organizacional” e “Religiosidade Intrínseca” para as variáveis sexo (sendo maiores no feminino), e região (sendo maiores na região nordeste). No que concerne a dedicação às atividades religiosas, 45,4% o fazem diariamente e 74,4% afirmaram sentir a presença de Deus em suas vidas. Quanto a transcendência da religião para os as atividades da vida diária 42,1% afirmaram ser totalmente verdade que a religião esteja por traz de todo o seu modo de viver e que em geral é verdade que a religião está em todos os aspectos da vida (33,8%). Conclusão: O estudo evidenciou as maiores médias dos domínios do DUREL (RO, RNO, RI) para o sexo feminino e para participantes das regiões norte e nordeste, em consonância com o apontado na literatura, destacando que os aspectos da religiosidade são influenciados por questões individuais, assim como situacionais relacionados a fatores sociais.

Palavras-Chaves: Religião e Ciência; Universidades; Odontologia; Docentes de Odontologia; Estudantes de Odontologia.
A Comprehensive Review on the Role of Polymers in Ocular Drug
Delivery
Authors: Paramjot  , Wadhwa Sheetu , Sharma Arun , Singh Sachin Kumar , Vishwas Sukriti , Kumar Rajesh , Singh Saurabh , Dua Kamal , Chellappan Dinesh Kumar , Gupta Gaurav
Published: January 2023

Amongst different routes of drug delivery systems, ophthalmic drug delivery still requires a
careful investigation and strict parameter measurements because the eyes are one of the most sensitive
parts of the body and require special attention. The conventional systems for eyes lead to rapid elimination
of formulation and hence very small contact time on the ocular epithelium. The current review article
covers various types of polymers used in ocular drug delivery along with their applications/
limitations. Polymers are widely used by researchers in prodrug techniques and as a penetration
enhancer in ocular delivery. This article covers the role and use of different polymeric systems which
makes the final formulation a promising candidate for ophthalmic drug delivery.

:

The researchers are still facing multiple challenges in order to maintain the therapeutic concentration of
the drug in the eyes because of its complex structure. There are several barriers that further restrict the
intraocular entry of the drug. In order to remove/reduce such challenges, these days various types of
polymers are used for ocular delivery in order to develop different drug carrier systems for better efficacy
and stability. The polymers used are highly helpful in increasing residence time by increasing the
viscosity at the ocular epithelium layer. Such preparations also get easily permeated in ocular cells. The
combination of different polymeric properties makes the final formulation stable with prolonged retention,
high viscosity, high permeability, and better bioavailability, making the final formulation a promising
candidate for ocular drug delivery.
Synthesis by Microwave Irradiation, Molecular Structural Analysis and
Trypanocidal Activity of Novel Pyrazole-tetrahydropyrimidine Derivatives
Authors: Pereira Cynthia Nathalia , de Oliveira Júlia Akihoshi , da Silva Lara Leonardo , Rocha Orlando Lorraine Martins , de Souza Pereira Mirian Claudia , dos Santos Maurício Silva
Published: January 2023

Background:

A series of new eight 2-(1-aryl-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrimidines
1(a-h) were synthesized by microwave irradiation technique. In vitro phenotypic
screening was performed to evaluate the effect of these compounds on intracellular amastigotes
forms of Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagas disease.

Methods:

Compounds 1(a-h) were synthesized from pyrazole-carbonitriles 2(a-h) employing microwave
irradiation (50W) for 10-20 minutes. Physicochemical properties were calculated using
OSIRIS DataWarrior. The toxic effect on mammalian cells (Vero Cells) and the trypanocidal activity
against Trypanosoma cruzi (Dm28c-Luc) were also evaluated.

Results:

Compounds 1(a-h) were obtained in 24-94% yields. They were completely characterized
by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and High-Resolution
Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) analyses. The derivatives showed low trypanocidal activity, with IC50
ranging from 47.16 to > 100 μM, with lower activity than benznidazole (1.93 μM) used as reference
drug.

Conclusion:

The attractive features of this synthetic methodology are mild conditions, short reaction
time, and low power. All derivatives showed low toxicity in mammalian cells, good oral bioavailability,
and did not violate Lipinski´s rule of 5.
Based on the Network Pharmacology to Analyze the Effect of Chuanxiong in Improving Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Li ChangYan , Su Feng , Zhang Le , Liu Fang , Li Zhen , Fan Wen Xing , Yang Jing , Mali Niroj
Published: January 2023

Aim:

Chuanxiong diabetic nephropathy, network pharmacology, molecular docking, NCOA1, NCOA2, diabetic
nephropathy (DN), ACEI/ARB.

Background:

The development of network pharmacology promotes the process of medicinal transformation
of traditional Chinese medicine. This study took Chuanxiong as an example to analyze the active
components in the treatment of DN.

Objective:

Molecular docking and other technologies have effectively helped the complex find the disease's
active ingredients.

Methods:

The data of Chuanxiong was collected from the TCPSP database, DN gene expression data
were collected through the NCBI database, and DN-related genes were obtained through differential analysis.
In addition, the regulatory network of Chuanxiong and the main active components of DN treatment
was constructed using String and Cytoscape tools. At the same time, PPI network interaction analysis was
performed on core genes and GO. KEGG analysis was performed to predict essential genes using the
Auto Dock tool.

Results:

Eight active components of Chuanxiong were screened out. NCOA1 and NCOA2 could interact
with Angelica lactone A, Myricetin, Chrysophanol, Chuanxiong, naphthalize, and Chrysophanol. Meanwhile,
Angelica Lactone A, Myricetin, Chrysophanol, Chuanxiong, naphthafunolide, and Chrysophanol
can affect the regulation of estrogen signaling pathway, endocrine and other factors regulating calcium
reabsorption and adipogenesis of adipocytes through the regulation of steroid hormone stimulation and
regulation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase complex.

Conclusion:

NCOA1 and NCOA2 can be used as pharmacodynamic targets of Chuanxiong for improving
DN.
Combined Application of Salinomycin and ATRA Induces Apoptosis and Differentiation
of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells by Inhibiting WNT/β-Catenin Pathway
Authors: Xi Hui-Min , Lu Hao , Weng Xiang-Qin , Sheng Yan , Wu Jing , Li Lu , Cai Xun
Published: January 2023

Background and objective:

All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is only effective in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), but not in other subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Salinomycin targets tumor cells rather than non-tumorigenic cells, and WNT/β-catenin pathway inhibition is one of the mechanisms of its anti-tumor activity. There is a crosstalk between RA and WNT/β-catenin pathway. Here, we investigate the effect of the combination of salinomycin and ATRA (S+RA) in non-APL AML cells.

Methods:

Apoptosis was evaluated by cell viability and Annexin-V assay. Cell differentiation was analyzed by CD11c expression and morphology. To explore the underlying mechanisms, Western blot analysis and mitochondrial transmembrane potentials (m) were used.

Results & Discussion:

S+RA induced differentiation and apoptosis in AML cell lines and AML primary cells. S+RA inhibited the β-catenin signal pathway as determined by the decreased protein levels of β-catenin, the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related proteins 6 (LRP6), and its downstream proteins such as survivin, c-Myc, caspase-3/7, cdc25A and cyclinD1 and reduced phosphorylation level of GSK3β S9. S+RA also increased the protein levels of CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBPs) and PU.1 and collapsed m. The above molecular and cellular changes induced by S+RA were inhibited by β-catenin specific activator and promoted by β-catenin specific inhibitor.

Conclusion:

S+RA induced differentiation by β-catenin-inhibition-mediated up-regulation of C/EBPs and PU.1 and suppression of c-Myc. S+RA triggered apoptosis through β-catenin-inhibition-regulated m collapse and caspase-3/7 activation. Taken together, our findings may provide novel therapeutic strategies for AML patients by targeting the WNT/β-catenin pathway.
Inflammatory Indices during and after a Randomized Controlled Trial on Exercise in Old Adults: Could Moderate-intensity Exercise be Safe Enough? (Active Elderly and Health – Clinicaltrials.Gov, NCT03858114)
Authors: Scano Alessandra , Cossu Giulia , Kalcev Goce , Pintus Elisa , Pau Massimiliano , Penna Maria Petronilla , Atzori Laura , Orrù Germano , Romano Ferdinando , Aviles Gonzalez Cesar Ivan , Carta Mauro Giovanni
Published: January 2023

Background:

Aging is characterized by a progressive increase in chronic diseases. According to WHO’s guidance, there is a need to develop strategies to monitor, maintain and rehabilitate the health of older people. The present research aims to elucidate whether or not a moderate physical activity intervention in older adults can cause an increase in inflammatory biomarker indices such as C-reactive Protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). It is a valuable tool for promoting health that can be considered tolerable in the over-65 population.

Methods:

120 males and females over 65 years of age participated in a randomized controlled trial (RCT NCT03858114) in two groups of 60 individuals of similar size and underwent moderate physical activity or cultural and recreational activities. The exclusion criteria were being younger than 65 years old, being unable to participate in physical activity for medical reasons, and a Body Mass Index of greater than 35. Blood samples from participants were collected for the pre-treatment period (t0), at the end of the study of 12 weeks (t1), and 20 weeks after the end of the study (t2) for measurement of inflammatory indices CRP and ESR.

Results:

The commonly routine tests for inflammatory reactions (ERS and CPR) showed no change at the end of an RCT on mild-to-moderate exercise.

Conclusion:

The results on inflammatory indices confirm the safety of this type of intervention and encourage its long-term use and testing.
An Introductory Review on the Wax Moth; a Devastating Pest of the Honey Bees
Authors: Marwaha Lovleen
Published: January 2023

Galleria mellonella L. (Greater Wax Moth) and Achroia grisella E (Lesser
Wax Moth) are honey bees' most disastrous and economically important pests.
Furthermore, in comparison to adults, larvae are a primary destructive stage for honey
bee colonies. Voraciously feeding larvae prefer to take bee combs, stored pollen
reserves, honey, larval and pupal exuviate, slum gum of the hive, wax capping, natural
bee wax, and queen-rearing material containing wax in the storage. Larvae bore the
hive, constructing silken tunnels in the colony combs to feed on stored products in the
hive. The infested combs become covered with a mass of webbing and faecal matter
that results in the condition of gallariasis. Weaker, queen-less, poorly managed, less
ventilated colonies and abandoned bee hives become easy targets of wax moth
infestation.
Further, the strong colonies are also prone to infestation, being a potential host for the
heavy growth of this destructive breeder pest. However, after infestation, the bee
population of strong colonies declines quickly, and eventually, the hive is destroyed.
The present chapter highlights the introduction of the concerned disastrous pest,
morphology, development, mating, reproduction, and control. The wax moth is
considered a problem by apiarists. In contrast, while considering other characteristic
features of this insect, the potential ability to degrade plastic of variant types, it
provides an excellent solution to increasing plastic pollution. Considering both
characteristics of this insect, the present book is titled 'Wax Moth a Problem or
Solution?
Morphometric Characteristics of the Wax Moth
Authors: Marwaha Lovleen
Published: January 2023

The two predominant wax moth species, the greater and the lesser wax
moths, exhibit remarkably different morphometric characteristics in the egg, larva,
pupa, and adult stages. The eggs of the greater wax moth (GWM) are pink, cream or
white, with an ellipsoid, ovoid or obovoid shape, whereas the eggs of the lesser wax
moth (LWM) are creamy-white with a spherical shape. Furthermore, in the GWM, the
egg size range is 0.44 ± 0.04 × 0.36 ± 0.02 mm, while in the LWM, the egg size
corresponds to 0.41 ± 0.02 × 0.31 ± 0.01 mm. The first instar larval length in the GWM
is 1-3 mm, whereas the last instar body length corresponds to 12-20 mm. In the case of
LWM, the first instar of body measurement is 1-20 mm, while in the last instar, it
grows upto18.8 ± 0.4 mm. The pupal size in the GWM; is 12-20 mm in length and 5-7
mm in width, while the pupa in the LWM is 11.3 ± 0.4 mm in length and 2.80 ± 1.89
mm in width.
Similarly, in the LWM, the adult body is 10 mm long in the male and 13 mm long in
the female moths. The GWM adults possess a 15 mm body length. The dimensions
mentioned above for the GWM and the LWM elucidate that the various developmental
stages are distinguishable. The present chapter is attributed to the external body
dimension and characteristic features of two predominant types of wax moths, which
impose significant challenges to apiculture. 
Plastic Biodegradation by the Wax Moth: A Viable Alternative
Authors: Marwaha Lovleen
Published: January 2023

Environmental pollution due to plastic is becoming a concentration, drawing
concern throughout the world. The wax moth larvae possess the potential for
biodegradation of different types of plastic with or without the involvement of the
intestinal microbiome in the larval gut. Similarly, mealworms and Tenebrio molitor
have been reported to cause the degradation of polyethene and polystyrene mixtures.
According to scientific literature, superworms such as Zophobas atratus can cause
polystyrene degradation. The plastic is biodegradable with many bacterial genera,
including Pseudomonas, Ralstonia, Stenotrophomonas, Rhodococcus, Staphylococcus,
Streptomyces, Bacillus, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Penicillium, and others. A few
other invertebrates with complex gut microbiomes also possess this property of plastic
biodegradation.
The Wax Moth: A Problem or a Solution?
Authors: Marwaha Lovleen
Published: January 2023

The Wax Moth: A Problem or a Solution? Covers the biology, development, morphometric characters, pheromones, mating, reproduction of the greater wax moth, which is a major pest in bee colonies. It also gives tips to beekeeping enthusiasts and professionals on how to manage wax moth infestations. Finally, it elucidates the involvement of wax moths in plastic degradation.

Key Features

- A complete overview of the basic biology of the greater wax moth

- A quick guide on wax moth pest control

- Tips for beekeepers to enhance colony growth for sustainable apiculture

- Information for researchers on the wax moth's involvement in plastic degradation

- Simple text for readers of all levels

- References for additional reading

The Wax Moth: A Problem or a Solution? Is a comprehensive yet quick reference that is ideal for entomology and agriculture students, researchers, academicians and beekeepers (both professional and hobbyist).
Miłość do Boga w wybranych tekstach staropolskich dla licealistów. Refleksje na marginesie podręczników do kształcenia kulturowo-literackiego dla szkół średnich
Authors: Stachoń Maria
Published: January 2023

Problematyka realizacji egzystencji ludzkiej w sferze sacrum zajmuje szczególne miejsce w dorobku literackim wieków dawnych. Celem artykułu jest budowanie namysłu wokół obrazu miłości do Boga utrwalonego w poezji dawnej, omawianej na lekcjach języka polskiego w szkole średniej. Ważna w tym aspekcie jest refleksja nad rolą i wartością obcowania z sacrum obecnym w kształceniu literackim i życiu codziennym współczesnych licealistów. W związku z tym na podstawie analizy propozycji rozwiązań metodycznych zawartych w obudowie dydaktycznej wybranych wierszy staropolskich określono kierunki projektowania refleksji o miłości poprzez analizę i interpretację wybranych wierszy oraz zaproponowanych działań lekcyjnych, mogących wspierać budowanie i pogłębianie miłości współczesnych nastolatków do sacrum, którym może być m.in. Bóg, drugi człowiek, ojczyzna.
Evaluation of Pyrolysis Products of Industrial Wastes as Potential Feedstocks for Bioenergy and Biofuels
Authors: Vamvuka Despina , Esser Katerina , Marinakis Dimitrios , Kalantzakis George
Published: January 2023

This work aimed at evaluating all products from the low-temperature pyrolysis (350°C) of some industrial wastes, cotton stems and seeds (CSS), grape husks and curls (GRH), undigested sewage sludge (USS) and their blends in a fixed bed system and suggesting their possible applications. Solid and liquid products, biochars, and bio-oils were analyzed using various techniques by physicochemical, mineralogical, and chemical analyses. Gases were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed using a thermogravimetric-mass spectrometry system. All biochar samples could be used for soil amendment. Co-application with composts or other by-products to soils could be more advantageous. USS and its blends with CSS or GRH at percentages 20% and 30% presented an increased potential for carbon sequestration and release of nutrient nitrogen to plants. Biochars of CSS and GRH and their blends with 10% USS, having a significant calorific value (21-24 MJ/kg), could be considered satisfactory for energy valorization purposes. The bio-oils produced from current wastes having density 0.95-1.22 kg/m3, pH 3.3-6.6, viscosity 118-381 cP, and heating value 20.4-28.1 MJ/kg, could substitute heavy fuel oil in static applications after a de-oxygenation process. The higher heating value of pyrolytic gas corresponding to CSS was low. In contrast, that corresponding to GRH and USS (9-10 MJ/m3) is considered satisfactory for the energy requirements of the pyrolysis process at low temperatures.
Influence of Wetting-Drying Cycles on Wood Behaviour of Coastal Pedestrian Walkways
Authors: Ferreira António A. L. , Delgado Pedro , Parauta Helena , Löwenström Charles V. , Almeida Joana O.
Published: January 2023

In the context of inspection and maintenance actions for beach walkways in the North of Portugal, some samples of wood used in their construction were collected – the Pinus sylvestris wood, widely applied in the country. The sustainability of the beach walkways over natural coastal areas is very dependent on their material durability. One of the main problems of the timber used to build those structures is its behavior under wet-drying cycles. For that reason, this work aimed to simulate the effects of weathering on the long-term bending behavior of pinewood. Weathering slab samples with two decades of service life and new, unused slabs were subjected to wetting–drying cycles and tested between each wetting or drying phase. As the bending test characterizes one of the most representative efforts in pedestrian boardwalk slabs, the bending module of rupture was used as an indicator to characterize the resistance of timber. Thus, in this study, the samples' density, dimensional stability, and mechanical strength were determined at the end of each batch of cycle repetitions. The tests were carried out before and after a set of wetting-drying cycles caused by immersion in water and placement into an oven at 80°C to simulate environmental exposure. Thus, it was intended to simulate the use in service through the realization of successive wetting-drying cycles in a laboratory environment and to evaluate its influence on the density, dimensional stability, and mechanical strength of the pine wood tested. The extreme conditions used in the laboratory pretend to accelerate the degradation of samples and simulate, in a relatively short period, what would need years to occur in service. The results showed that the wood that had never been in service is more susceptible to bending resistance variations with cycles than the one already in service. Thus, after a few wet-drying cycles, the wood without any service life tends to approximate, in terms of bending behavior, to the one with two decades of service. This indicates that the method used could satisfy the need to obtain predictions for long-time behavior in a relatively short period.
GAMBARAN PENGGUNAAN PENGIKAT FOSFAT PADA PASIEN PENYAKIT GINJAL KRONIK DENGAN HEMODIALISIS
Authors: Sholihah Inayatush , Santoso Joko , Rahardjoputro Rolando
Published: January 2023

Pasien hemodialisis membutuhkan terapi dengan pengikat fosfat untuk menurunkan morbiditas dan mortalitas yang berkaitan dengan tingginya kadar fosfat dalam darah. Pengikat fosfat terdiri dari agen berbasis kalsium dan agen bebas kalsium. Penelitian sebelumnya melaporkan adanya efek samping hiperkalsemia pada penggunaan pengikat fosfat berbasis kalsium dalam jangka panjang dan efek samping pada sistem gastrointestinal pada penggunaan  sevelamer dan lanthanum karbonat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola penggunaan pengikat fosfat pada pasien penyakit ginjal kronik yang menjalani hemodialisis dan analisis kesesuaian dosis berdasarkan formularium. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara prospektif. Subyek penelitian adalah pasien penyakit ginjal kronik yang menjalani hemodialisis di sebuah rumah sakit akademik di kabupaten Sleman, D.I Yogyakarta. Hasil penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Dari 79 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi, sebanyak 49 pasien (62,03%) menggunakan kalsium karbonat, 20 pasien (25,32%) menggunakan sevelamer, 8 pasien (10,13%) menggunakan kalsium asetat, dan 2 pasien (2,53%) menggunakan lanthanum karbonat. Terdapat 3 pasien yang menerima dosis kurang dari standar dosis sevelamer yang direkomendasikan. Sebanyak 1 pasien dengan kadar fosfat 8,30 mg/dl menerima dosis 3x800 mg, sedangkan dosis standar yang direkomendasikan adalah 1200-1600 mg 3x sehari. Sebanyak 2 pasien dengan kadar fosfat 9,50 dan 9,30 mg/dl menerima dosis 3x800 mg, sedangkan dosis standar yang direkomendasikan adalah 1600 mg 3x sehari.
Kurdish Undergraduate EFL Students’ Perspectives on Using Conceptual Metaphor-based Approach in Teaching English Idioms
Authors: Fatah Azad Hasan , Karim Hemn Adil
Published: January 2023

The advent of Conceptual Metaphors (CMs) has led to the use of Applied Cognitive Linguistics in recent years to be the growing area within the ELT field. In this regard, previous studies in other language contexts have proven that CM is a good medium for teaching English idioms and other vocabulary items. Despite a great deal of research on the positive impact of the CM-based Approach in teaching vocabulary and idioms to EFL students, very few studies have reported students’ perspectives on its implementation. Such an endeavor is completely new to EFL classes in the Kurdish context since the perspectives of the Kurdish undergraduate students of EFL have not been known yet. Therefore, this study is an attempt to explore the Kurdish students’ perspectives on using the CM-based Approach in teaching idioms within the EFL framework. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected by adopting a questionnaire consisting of closed-ended items and open-ended questions, inquiring 52 junior English-majored Kurdish students. The results indicate that almost all the participants have positive attitudes towards the approach as it has benefits to language learning; hence, they are eager to know more about it. However, negative attitudes towards the approach and its implementation in teaching idioms were observed. Additionally, suggestions were presented by the respondents to improve CM-based instruction in EFL.
Evaluating the Effect of Artificial Liver Support on Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure Using the Quantitative Difference Algorithm: Retrospective Study (Preprint)
Authors: Huang Tinghuai , Huang Jianwei , Liu Timon Cheng-Yi , Li Meng , She Rui , Liu Liyu , Qu Hongguang , Liang Fei , Cao Yuanjing , Chen Yuanzheng , Tang Lu
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND

Liver failure, including acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), occurs mainly in young adults and is associated with high mortality and resource costs. The prognosis evaluation is a crucial part of the ACLF treatment process and should run through the entire diagnosis process. As a recently proposed novel algorithm, the quantitative difference (QD) algorithm holds promise for enhancing the prognosis evaluation of ACLF.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to examine whether the QD algorithm exhibits comparable or superior performance compared to the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) in the context of prognosis evaluation.

METHODS

A total of 27 patients with ACLF were categorized into 2 groups based on their treatment preferences: the conventional treatment (n=12) and the double plasma molecular absorption system (DPMAS) with conventional treatment (n=15) groups. The prognosis evaluation was performed by the MELD and QD scoring systems.

RESULTS

A significant reduction was observed in alanine aminotransferase (P=.02), aspartate aminotransferase (P<.001), and conjugated bilirubin (P=.002), both in P values and QD value (Lτ>1.69). A significant decrease in hemoglobin (P=.01), red blood cell count (P=.01), and total bilirubin (P=.02) was observed in the DPMAS group, but this decrease was not observed in QD (Lτ≤1.69). Furthermore, there was a significant association between MELD and QD values (P<.001). Significant differences were observed between groups based on patients’ treatment outcomes. Additionally, the QD algorithm can also demonstrate improvements in patient fatigue. DPMAS can reduce alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and unconjugated bilirubin.

CONCLUSIONS

As a dynamic algorithm, the QD scoring system can evaluate the therapeutic effects in patients with ACLF, similar to MELD. Nevertheless, the QD scoring system surpasses the MELD by incorporating a broader range of indicators and considering patient variability.
Fostering Scholarly Approaches to Peer Review of Teaching in a Research-Intensive University: Strategic Development of a Departmental SPRoT Protocol
Authors: S. Webb Andrea , T. Hubball Harry , Clarke Anthony
Published: January 2023

This article draws on a 10-year institutional initiative and examines whether and how a strategic departmental Summative Peer Review of Teaching (SPRoT) Protocol was implemented at a Canadian research-intensive university. A peer review of teaching initiative (2010-12), led by a team of UBC national teaching fellows, was prompted by institutional concerns about the quality of student learning experiences and the effectiveness of teaching in a multi-disciplinary research-intensive university context. Canadian universities have long recognized the importance of attending to the evaluation of teaching practices in their particular contexts; however, the enactment of localized scholarship directed at these practices remains very much in its infancy. Traditional approaches to the evaluation of university teaching have often resulted in the over-reliance on student evaluation of teaching data and/or ad-hoc peer-review of teaching practices with numerous accounts of methodological shortcomings that tend to yield less useful and less authentic data. Using a case study research methodology, this paper examines the strategic development of a departmental SPRoT protocol at the University of British Columbia, Canada. Issues addressed in this article include contemporary approaches to the evaluation of teaching in higher education, faculty “buy-in” for the evaluation of teaching in a research intensive university, scholarly approaches to summative and formative Performance Reviews of Teaching (PRT), faculty-specific engagement in summative and formative (informal to formal) PRT training and implementation, and strategic institutional supports (funding, expertise, mentoring, technological resources).