bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The improvement of heat transfer using Co/SiO2 spiral structured catalyst for green diesel production by Fischer–Tropsch synthesis
Authors: Aurud Pronprom , Srifa Atthapon , Koo-Amornpattana Wanida , Assabumrungrat Suttichai , Wongsakulphasatch Suwimol , Fukuhara Choji , Ratchahat Sakhon
Published: August 2024

In this study, the improvement of heat transfer was applied to eliminate hotspots of a highly exothermic reaction, Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS), by means of two facile methods: (I) adding high thermal conductive materials media diluted in catalysts (SiC and Al chips), and (II) using structured reactors equipped with well-designed structured catalysts with advantages of heat dissipation/removal. The 20%Co/SiO2 catalyst powder prepared by simple impregnation was employed for constructing structured catalysts and granular packed bed catalysts. The structured catalyst was prepared by coating method of Co/SiO2 slurry on an aluminum spiral and plate substrate. The catalytic performance of as-prepared catalysts was then tested for FTS in a fixed-bed reactor at 210–230 °C, 20 bar. Both gaseous and liquid products were collected and analyzed. The heat transfer improvement of packed bed catalytic system and structured catalytic system were compared and discussed. As a result, the structured catalytic system with spiral structured catalyst can provide the best improvement of heat/mass transfer, resulting in enhanced diesel selectivity, though the oil production rate was unsatisfactory. Meanwhile, among the packed bed catalytic systems, SiC media possessed the best heat removal material, producing the highest oil yield. In addition, the fresh and spent catalysts were analyzed by several techniques including TEM, SEM, XRD, BET, ICP-OES, H2–TPR, and TGA to relate the physicochemical properties of the prepared catalysts and its FTS performance.
A new fusion strategy for rapid strain differentiation based on MALDI-TOF MS and Raman spectra
Authors: Song Jian , Liang Wenlong , Huang Hongtao , Jia Hongyan , Yang Shouning , Wang Chunlei , Yang Huayan
Published: August 2024

A novel feature-extractor-based fusion-assisted machine learning strategy was developed for high accuracy and rapid strain differentiation using MALDI-TOF MS and Raman spectra.
Highly sensitive voltammetric determination of hydrochlorothiazide using a glassy carbon electrode modified with Super P carbon black nanoparticles
Authors: Santos-Neto Domingos R. , Lopes Carlos E. C. , Silva Gabrielly P. , Castro Lizandra N. , Silva João Pedro C. , Ferreira Dianderson C. M. , Silva Luiz Ricardo G. , Dantas Luiza M. F. , da Silva Iranaldo S.
Published: August 2024

A new sensor using a carbon black nanocomposite and adsorptive stripping voltammetry offers high sensitivity and a low detection limit for hydrochlorothiazide. It effectively analyzes pharmaceuticals, tea, synthetic urine, and water, demonstrating versatility and accuracy.
Surface engineered metal–organic framework-based electrochemical biosensors for enzyme-mimic ultrasensitive detection of glucose: recent advancements and future perspectives
Authors: Arivazhagan Mani , Pavadai Rajaji , Murugan Nagaraj , Jakmunee Jaroon
Published: August 2024

The evaluation of surface-engineered mono- and bimetallic MOFs in enzyme-mimic glucose sensors for biomedical applications covers recent advancements and future perspectives of MOFs and their nanocomposites.
Stereochemistry of natural products from vibrational circular dichroism
Authors: Batista Andrea N. L. , Valverde Alessandra L. , Nafie Laurence A. , Batista Jr João M.
Published: August 2024

VCD spectroscopy associated with DFT calculations is a powerful tool to unambiguously assign both the absolute configurations and conformations of chiral secondary metabolites directly in solution.
Radical-polar crossover reaction of glycine derivatives
Authors: Ye Youwan , Zhang Xin , Kong Peng , Yuan Yong , Zhao Xiaolong , Huo Congde
Published: August 2024

We present a visible-light facilitated radical addition method to synthesize natural and unnatural α-amino acids from readily available glycine derivatives and alkenes, using a radical-polar crossover strategy under redox-neutral conditions.
Formation of methylglyoxal (CH3C(O)CHO) in interstellar analog ices – a key intermediate in cellular metabolism
Authors: Wang Jia , Marks Joshua H. , Batrakova Evgenia A. , Tuchin Sergey O. , Antonov Ivan O. , Kaiser Ralf I.
Published: August 2024

Biorelevant methylglyoxal and its enol tautomer 2-hydroxypropenone were prepared in interstellar ice analogs containing carbon monoxide and acetaldehyde upon exposure to energetic irradiation as proxies of galactic cosmic rays.
Impact of metal exchange on the electronic structure and optical properties of isostructural octa-coordinated MoIV/CdII and WIV/CdII polynuclear cyanide polymers
Authors: Mojica R. , Avila Y. , Morgado P. , Vázquez M. C. , Rodríguez-Hernández J. , Crespo P. M. , Reguera E.
Published: August 2024

Analysis of the impact that octacoordinated Mo and W have on the electronic structure and optical response of isostructural solids.
Highly efficient electrosynthesis of oximes from nitrates and carbonyl compounds in acidic media
Authors: Xue Cheng , Jia Shuaiqiang , Jiao Jiapeng , Chen Xiao , Xia Zhanghui , Dong Mengke , Deng Ting , Cheng Hailian , Chen Chunjun , Wu Haihong , He Mingyuan , Han Buxing
Published: August 2024

Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) coupled with organic compounds to synthesize oximes for value-added conversion of waste pollutants has very promising prospects.
Thermodynamic limits of the depolymerization of poly(olefin)s using mechanochemistry
Authors: Chang Yuchen , Nguyen Van Son , Hergesell Adrian H. , Seitzinger Claire L. , Meisner Jan , Vollmer Ina , Schork F. Joseph , Sievers Carsten
Published: August 2024

Feasibility of mechanochemical depolymerization of commodity poly(olefin)s in a ball mill reactor is assessed using thermodynamic data.
Graphitic nanoflakes modulate the structure and binding of human amylin
Authors: Kamboukos Alexa , Williams-Noonan Billy J. , Charchar Patrick , Yarovsky Irene , Todorova Nevena
Published: August 2024

In this work, we clarify the role and impact of graphitic nanoflake size and oxidation on protein structure and binding, providing crucial atomistic insights for designing graphitic nanoflakes capable of modulating protein aggregation.
Alternating vs. random amphiphilic polydisulfides: aggregation, enzyme activity inhibition and redox-responsive guest release
Authors: Bera Sukanya , Ghosh Suhrit
Published: August 2024

This paper reports an alternating copolymer (ACP) with a bio-reducible amphiphilic polydisulfide backbone and highlight the impact of the alternating monomer connectivity on the self-assembly and biological activities.
Targeting delivery of CRISPR systems into tumours to edit glutamine metabolism for cancer therapy by DPA-Zn-modified nanoparticles
Authors: Shao Qi , Wang Chang-Hui , Gu Han , Zhou Xiao-Hong , Nie Xuan , Huang Wei-Qiang , Gao Fan , Wang Fei , You Ye-Zi
Published: August 2024

Functional polymer nanoparticles deliver CRISPR-Cas9 into tumours to efficiently and simultaneously cut off two different genes to manipulate glutamine metabolism for fighting cancers.
In situ supramolecular self-assembly of a perylene diimide derivative in mitochondria for cancer cell ferroptosis
Authors: Wu Xuan , Zhuang Ting-Long , Liu Ming , Sun Xiaohuan , Zhu Liqi , Zhang Quan , Han Jie , Wang Leyong , Guo Rong
Published: August 2024

An in situ supramolecular self-assembly system that could lead to the ferroptosis of cancer cells was successfully constructed in mitochondria.
Probing the non-covalent forces key to the thermodynamics of β-hairpin unfolding
Authors: Tran Thien H. , Prusty Priyanka , Ricciardi Meghan , Travis Christopher R. , Waters Marcey L. , Gibb Bruce C.
Published: August 2024

Per-residue analysis of the thermodynamics of unfolding of β-hairpins provides insight into the non-covalent interactions between residues, and the individual contributions of residues and secondary structure type to the ΔH, ΔS, and ΔCp of unfolding.
Catalytic enantioselective synthesis of 2-pyrazolines via one-pot condensation/6π-electrocyclization: 3,5-bis(pentafluorosulfanyl)-phenylthioureas as powerful hydrogen bond donors
Authors: Romero Reyes Moises A. , Dutta Subhradeep , Odagi Minami , Min Chang , Seidel Daniel
Published: August 2024

A new conjugate-base-stabilized carboxylic acid containing a 3,5-bis(SF5)phenylthiourea functionality catalyses challenging one-pot condensations/6π-electrocyclizations of hydrazines and α,β-unsaturated ketones.
Modelling methacrylated chitosan hydrogel properties through an experimental design approach: from composition to material properties
Authors: Bucciarelli Alessio , Selicato Nora , Coricciati Chiara , Rainer Alberto , Capodilupo Agostina Lina , Gigli Giuseppe , Moroni Lorenzo , Polini Alessandro , Gervaso Francesca
Published: August 2024

Methacrylated chitosan hydrogels properties are modelled using a statistical approach. The obtained empirical equations allow to fine tune the properties by changing the hydrogel composition and the fabrication variables.
A multi‐level coordinated scheduling strategy for shared energy storage systems under electricity spot and ancillary service markets
Authors: Dou Qing , Gao Xiang , Wu Yuheng , Chen Yu , Xie Rui , Chen Jialin
Published: August 2024

This paper proposes a multi‐level coordinated scheduling strategy for shared energy storage systems (SESS) under electricity spot and ancillary service markets to maximize the overall operational profit. At the upper level, an optimal day‐ahead bidding model is formulated to allocate optimal capacities of SESS for engaging in electricity transactions and offering peak shaving reserve over the scheduling horizon. Then, a joint market clearing model is presented to simultaneously optimize awarded capacities of SESS and marginal prices of electricity spot and ancillary service markets at the middle level. Furthermore, the lower level aims to correct the coordinated scheduling strategy for minimizing the intra‐day scheduling cost under the uncertainty of renewable energy sources and load demand. Finally, a linear relaxation method is applied to transform the proposed strategy into a mixed‐integer linear programming problem for enhancing the computation efficiency. Comparative case studies have validated the superior performance of the proposed strategy for better utilization of available storage capacity and arbitrage maximization.
A novel wind power forecast diffusion model based on prior knowledge
Authors: Han Li , Cheng Yingjie , Chen Shuo , Wang Shiqi , Wang Junjie
Published: August 2024

To improve the forecast accuracy of wind power, diffusion model based on prior knowledge (DMPK) is proposed. Different from the traditional diffusion model (DM), where the noise perturbation in the diffusion or generation process is random, the noise added in DMPK is modified aiming to the characteristics of wind power signals. The distribution of wind power forecast errors is not a standard Gaussian. Wind power forecast errors are related to forecast methods, weather conditions, and other factors, containing both random signals and certain regularity. This paper adapts the Gaussian distribution to fit the historical forecast error to represent the prior knowledge of wind power. Then, the sampling distribution is derived from its relationship with the fitted prior distribution to replace the standard Gaussian in DM. Taking the prior knowledge into account during the process of noise sampling, the data in the forward process of DMPK can be guided by the distribution of historical errors for diffusion, while the generated result by the reverse process is more consistent with the actual wind power signal. Finally, the superiority of the proposed method is verified by using the wind power data from two real‐world wind farms.
The GLASS-JWST Early Release Science Program
Authors: Mascia S. , Roberts-Borsani G. , Treu T. , Pentericci L. , Chen W. , Calabrò A. , Merlin E. , Paris D. , Santini P. , Brammer G. , Henry A. , Kelly P. L. , Mason C. , Morishita T. , Nanayakkara T. , Roy N. , Wang X. , Williams H. , Boyett K. , Bradač M. , Castellano M. , Glazebrook K. , Jones T. , Napolitano L. , Vulcani B. , Watson P. J. , Yang L.
Published: August 2024

We release fully reduced spectra obtained with NIRSpec onboard JWST as part of the GLASS-JWST Early Release Science Program and a follow-up Director’s Discretionary Time program 2756. From these 263 spectra of 245 unique sources, acquired with low (R = 30–300) and high dispersion (R ~ 2700) gratings, we derive redshifts for 200 unique sources in the redshift range ɀ = 0–10. We describe the sample selection and characterize its high completeness as a function of redshift and apparent magnitude. Comparison with independent estimates based on different methods and instruments shows that the redshifts are accurate, with 80% differing less than 0.005. We stack the GLASS-JWST spectra to produce the first high-resolution (R ~ 2700) JWST spectral template extending in the rest frame wavelength from 2000 Å to 20 000 Å. Catalogs, reduced spectra, and template are made publicly available to the community.
Chemical composition of comets C/2021 A1 (Leonard) and C/2022 E3 (ZTF) from radio spectroscopy and the abundance of HCOOH and HNCO in comets
Authors: Biver N. , Bockelée-Morvan D. , Handzlik B. , Sandqvist Aa. , Boissier J. , Drozdovskaya M. N. , Moreno R. , Crovisier J. , Lis D. C. , Cordiner M. , Milam S. , Roth N. X. , Bonev B. P. , Dello Russo N. , Vervack R. , Opitom C. , Kawakita H.
Published: August 2024

We present the results of a molecular survey of long period comets C/2021 A1 (Leonard) and C/2022 E3 (ZTF). Comet C/2021 A1 was observed with the Institut de radioastronomie millimétrique (IRAM) 30-m radio telescope in November-December 2021 before perihelion (heliocentric distance 1.22 to 0.76 au) when it was closest to the Earth (≈0.24 au). We observed C/2022 E3 in January-February 2023 with the Odin 1-m space telescope and IRAM 30-m, shortly after its perihelion at 1.11 au from the Sun, and when it was closest to the Earth (≈0.30 au). Snapshots were obtained during 12–16 November 2021 period for comet C/2021 A1. Spectral surveys were undertaken over the 8–13 December 2021 period for comet C/2021 A1 (8 GHz bandwidth at 3 mm, 16 GHz at 2 mm, and 61 GHz in the 1 mm window) and over the 3–7 February 2023 period for comet C/2022 E3 (25 GHz at 2 mm and 61 GHz at 1 mm). We report detections of 14 molecular species (HCN, HNC, CH3CN, HNCO, NH2CHO, CH3OH, H2CO, HCOOH, CH3CHO, H2S, CS, OCS, C2H5OH and aGg’-(CH2OH)2) in both comets. In addition, HC3N, and CH2OHCHO were marginally detected in C/2021 A1, and CO and H2O (with Odin) were detected in C/2022 E3. The spatial distribution of several species (HCN, HNC, CS, H2CO, HNCO, HCOOH, NH2CHO, and CH3CHO) is investigated. Significant upper limits on the abundances of other molecules and isotopic ratios are also presented. The activity of comet C/2021 A1 did not vary significantly between 13 November and 13 December 2021, when observations stopped, just before it started to exhibit major outbursts seen in the visible and from observations of the OH radical. Short-term variability in the outgassing of comet C/2022 E3 of the order of ±20% is present and possibly linked to its 8h rotation period. Both comets exhibit rather low abundances relative to water for volatile species such as CO (<2%) and H2S (0.15%). Methanol is also rather depleted in comet C/2021 A1 (0.9%). Following their revised photo-destruction rates, HNCO and HCOOH abundances in comets observed at millimetre wavelengths have been reevaluated. Both molecules are relatively enriched in these two comets (~0.2% relative to water). Since the combined abundance of these two acids (0.1–1%) is close to that of ammonia in comets, we cannot exclude that these species could be produced by the dissociation of ammonium formate and ammonium cyanate if present in comets.
The SLACS strong lens sample, debiased
Authors: Sonnenfeld Alessandro
Published: August 2024

Strong gravitational lensing observations can provide extremely valuable information on the structure of galaxies, but their interpretation is made difficult by selection effects, which, if not accounted for, introduce a bias between the properties of strong lens galaxies and those of the general population. A rigorous treatment of the strong lensing bias requires, in principle, to fully forward model the lens selection process. However, doing so for existing lens surveys is prohibitively difficult. With this work we propose a practical solution to the problem: using an empirical model to capture the most complex aspects of the lens finding process, and constraining it directly from the data together with the properties of the lens population. We applied this method to real data from the SLACS sample of strong lenses. Assuming a power-law density profile, we recovered the mass distribution of the parent population of galaxies from which the SLACS lenses were drawn. We found that early-type galaxies with a stellar mass of log M*/M⊙ = 11.3 and average size have a median projected mass enclosed within a 5 kpc aperture of log M5/M⊙ = 11.332 ± 0.013, and an average logarithmic density slope of γ = 1.99 ± 0.03. These values are respectively 0.02 dex and 0.1 lower than inferred when ignoring selection effects. According to our model, most of the bias is due to the prioritisation of SLACS follow-up observations based on the measured velocity dispersion. As a result, the strong lensing bias in γ reduces to ∼0.01 when controlling for stellar velocity dispersion.
K2-399 b is not a planet
Authors: Lillo-Box J. , Latham D. W. , Collins K. A. , Armstrong D. J. , Gandolfi D. , Jensen E. L. N. , Castro-González A. , Balsalobre-Ruza O. , Montesinos B. , Sousa S. G. , Aceituno J. , Schwarz R. P. , Narita N. , Fukui A. , Cabrera J. , Hadjigeorghiou A. , Kuzuhara M. , Hirano T. , Fridlund M. , Hatzes A. P. , Barragán O. , Batalha N. M.
Published: August 2024

Context. The transit technique has been very efficient over the past decades in detecting planet-candidate signals. The so-called statistical validation approach has become a popular way of verifying a candidate’s planetary nature. However, the incomplete consideration of false-positive scenarios and data quality can lead to misinterpretation of the results.

Aims. In this work, we revise the planetary status of K2-399 b, a validated planet with an estimated false-positive probability of 0.078% located in the middle of the so-called Neptunian desert, and hence a potential key target for atmospheric prospects.

Methods. We used radial velocity data from the CARMENES, HARPS, and TRES spectrographs, as well as ground-based multiband transit photometry provided by LCOGT MuSCAT3 and broad band photometry to test the planetary scenario.

Results. Our analysis of the available data does not support the existence of this (otherwise key) planet, and instead points to a scenario composed of an early G-dwarf orbited –with a period of a 846.62−0.28+0.22 days– by a pair of eclipsing M-dwarfs (hence a hierarchical eclipsing binary) likely in the mid-type domain. We thus demote K2-399 b as a planet.

Conclusions. We conclude that the validation process, while very useful to prioritize follow-up efforts, must always be conducted with careful attention to data quality while ensuring that all possible scenarios have been properly tested to get reliable results. We also encourage developers of validation algorithms to ensure the accuracy of a priori probabilities for different stellar scenarios that can lead to this kind of false validation. We further encourage the use of follow-up observations when possible (such as radial velocity and/or multiband light curves) to confirm the planetary nature of detected transiting signals rather than only relying on validation tools.
Harnessing Advanced Neural Architectures: A Comprehensive Approach to Stock Market Prediction Using ANN, BPNN, and GAN
Authors: Wang Yang
Published: August 2024

The advent of advanced neural network models has revolutionized the field of machine learning, enabling breakthroughs in various domains such as computer vision, natural language processing, and predictive analytics. This paper introduces three pivotal neural network architectures: Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Back-Propagation Neural Networks (BPNN), and Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN). We explore the theoretical underpinnings, practical applications, and the significance of these models in the broader context of artificial intelligence research and industry.
Stock Market Prediction with RNN-LSTM and GA-LSTM
Authors: Liang Xinyue
Published: August 2024

The stock price reflects various factors such as the rate of economic growth, inflation, overall economy, trade balance, and monetary system, all of which impact the stock market as a whole. Investors often find the principle of stock price trends unclear because of the many important variables involved. When creating an investment strategy or determining the timing for buying or selling stocks, forecasting stock market trends plays a critical role. It is difficult to estimate the value of the stock market due to the non-linear and dynamic nature of the stock index. Numerous studies using deep learning techniques have been successful in making such predictions. The Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) has become popular for predicting stock market prices. This paper thoroughly examines methods for predicting stock market performance using RNN-LSTM and GA-LSTM, provides explanations of these methods, and performs a comparative analysis. We will discuss future directions and outline the significance of using RNN-LSTM and GA-LSTM for forecasting stock market trends, based on the papers we have reviewed.
Research on Human Resource Allocation Strategy in Enterprise Strategic Transformation
Authors: Yan Jiawei , Chen Chuqiu , He Zhenkun
Published: August 2024

This research delves into optimizing and managing human resource allocation strategy during enterprise strategic transformation. It examines key strategies in recruitment, training, development, incentives, and performance management, and how they align with overall enterprise strategic goals. By conducting a thorough review of literature and analyzing cases, the research highlights the significance of appropriate allocation of human resources in achieving enterprise strategic objectives in today’s business environment. It also offers both theoretical and practical advice for companies to sustain their competitive edge in a challenging market landscape. The study’s findings highlight the importance of leveraging cutting-edge technology for enhancing hiring choices, creating specific training programs to enhance employee flexibility, and establishing a clear system for incentives and performance assessments in order to ensure the success of corporate strategic changes.
Research on the Coupling and Synergistic Development of Corporate ESG Performance and OFDI
Authors: Huang Wenjing
Published: August 2024

The demand for corporate green governance competence has significantly increased in the international market in recent years, with the disclosure of corporate ESG information emerging as a crucial public concern. This study employs a coupling coordination degree model to investigate the mutually beneficial relationship between corporate ESG factors and OFDI in the Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share markets. The findings reveal: (1) a strong level of coupling coordination between corporate ESG performance and OFDI development, (2) a growth pattern in the interconnected coordination between corporate ESG performance and OFDI during 2010-2012, followed by a decline in 2012-2016, and subsequent recovery post-2016, and (3) a coupling coordination degree pattern of “East Central > West > Northeast”. This paper introduces three innovations: firstly, it extends beyond previous research by examining the relationship between ESG and OFDI bidirectionally; secondly, it utilizes the physical capacity coupling coordination degree model to assess the synergy level between corporate ESG performance and OFDI; and finally, it discusses the evolution mechanism and spatial distribution characteristics of the coupling coordination degree between corporate ESG performance and OFDI.
Static Analysis and Optimization Design of Bridge Structures under Different Load Conditions
Authors: Jia Jiabao
Published: August 2024

The research is the optimization design of the bridge from the structure of the bridge, proper material utilization, and improving the performance of the bridge. First, the static model of the bridge structure was established, and then the finite analysis and rigid body mechanics models were utilized to separately detail the dead load, live load, and exceptional load. Based on the above analyses, optimization methods such as mathematical programming and genetic algorithms were used for optimizing the design of bridge structures. The tests demonstrated that the bridge’s weight can be significantly reduced by optimal design, the efficiency of usage in materials is enhanced, and the rigidity and stability of the structure advanced significantly. It is verified through checking the comparative analysis before and after optimization that the efficiency of the optimization method has been proved and the critical application value of optimization design in bridge engineering. The research conclusions provide new ideas and methods for bridge structure design, which has important theoretical and practical significance.
Subjektive gesundheitliche Beeinträchtigung und assoziierende
Faktoren in der Hitzeperiode des Sommers 2022 – Ein
Online-Survey
Authors: Buhtz Christian , Frese Thomas , Jahn Patrick , Kantelhardt Eva , Kuhlmann Alexander , Lückmann Sara Lena , Meyer Gabriele , Meyer-Feil Thorsten , Schildmann Jan , Steckelberg Anke , Knöchelmann Anja
Published: August 2024

Hintergrund Hitzeperioden können das Wohlbefinden mindern und sind mit
einer erhöhten Mortalität assoziiert. Die individuellen Maßnahmen zum
Hitzeschutz sind oft unzureichend, wobei die Wahrnehmung des eigenen Risikos
eine wichtige Rolle spielt. Aufgrund unterschiedlicher Betroffenheit ist davon
auszugehen, dass die Wahrnehmung sich zwischen Bevölkerungsgruppen
unterscheidet. Vermutlich ist auch die Aufmerksamkeit für Symptome höher, wenn
sich Personen mit dem Thema Hitze beschäftigen und darüber informieren. Daher
untersucht diese Studie die subjektive gesundheitliche Beeinträchtigung während
der Hitzeperiode des Jahres 2022, den Zusammenhang mit soziodemographischen und
ökonomischen Faktoren sowie der empfundenen Hitzebelastung und der individuellen
Auseinandersetzung mit dem Thema.

Methode Online-Erhebung einer bevölkerungsbasierten Stichprobe aus fünf
Bundesländern. Multivariable Regressionsanalysen zum Zusammenhang zwischen
subjektiver gesundheitlicher Beeinträchtigung durch Hitze und möglichen
Risikoindikatoren.

Ergebnisse Von 3111 angeschriebenen Personen, gab es 1522 Rückmeldungen,
von denen 649 (20,9%) in die Auswertung eingingen, da sie im Sommer 2022 in
ihrer Wohnregion von Hitze betroffen waren. Die subjektive gesundheitliche
Beeinträchtigung lag im Mittel bei 9,29 (SD 5,25) von 29 möglichen Punkten.
Höheres Alter war mit einer geringeren subjektiven Beeinträchtigung assoziiert;
-1,36 Punkte (95%-KI: -4,10; 1,38) in der Gruppe der ab 80-Jährigen im Vergleich
mit der Referenzgruppe der 60 bis 69-Jährigen. Eine hohe Beeinträchtigung gaben
Frauen und Personen mit geringem Bildungsgrad an. Eine niedrige Beeinträchtigung
war mit hoher empfundener Informiertheit assoziiert.

Schlussfolgerung Interventionen zur Reduzierung von hitzebedingten
Gesundheitsproblemen sollten einen erweiterten Personenkreis, insbesondere junge
Menschen, Frauen, Menschen mit geringer Bildung und Berufstätige,
adressieren.
Entwicklung der Pflegebedürftigkeit und Inanspruchnahme pflegerischer
Leistungen von 2017 bis 2022 auf Basis der Routinedaten der AOK
Sachsen-Anhalt
Authors: Heinrich Stephanie , Fleischer Steffen , Meyer Gabriele
Published: August 2024

Hintergrund Sachsen-Anhalt hat im Vergleich der Bundesländer den höchsten
Altenquotienten und mit der weiteren Alterung der Bevölkerung wird der Anteil
der Pflegebedürftigen absehbar steigen. Die SARS-CoV-2-Pandemie hat die
pflegerische Versorgung beeinflusst, die Inanspruchnahme von Leistungen
reduziert und zu Veränderungen in den Pflegearrangements geführt. Ziel dieser
Arbeit ist es, die Entwicklung der Pflege in Sachsen-Anhalt unter
Berücksichtigung der gesetzlichen Änderungen, der Pandemie und der Entwicklung
nach Aufhebung der Kontaktsperre zu analysieren.

Methode Die Analyse verwendet aggregierte und anonymisierte Daten von
pflegebedürftigen Versicherten der AOK Sachsen-Anhalt aus den Jahren 2017 bis
2022. Es werden zeitliche Veränderungen in der Inanspruchnahme verschiedener
Pflegeleistungen untersucht.

Ergebnisse 2017 sind 64.591 Versicherte der AOK Sachsen-Anhalt
pflegebedürftig. Die Prävalenz nimmt über die Beobachtungsjahre kontinuierlich
zu. Für den Pflegegrad (PG) 1 ist in den ersten Jahren nach dessen Einführung
von 2017–2019 der deutlichste und stärkste Anstieg zu verzeichnen. Der
überwiegende Anteil der pflegebedürftigen Personen (41–44%) ist in PG 2
eingestuft. Insgesamt zeigt sich ein stetig zunehmender Anteil der Geldleistung
bereits seit 2017 von 40,5% zu 50,3% im Jahr 2022. Parallel sinkt der Anteil des
stationären Leistungsbezugs in allen PG, am deutlichsten in PG 2. Dieser
gegenläufige Trend, die Zunahme der ambulanten Versorgung und Abnahme der
stationären Versorgung besteht bereits seit 2017, verstärkt sich aber ab 2020,
dem Pandemiezeitraum.

Schlussfolgerung Die Analyse zeigt seit der Einführung des neuen
Pflegebedürftigkeitsbegriffs einen Zuwachs an pflegebedürftigen Personen, wobei
solche mit erheblichen Beeinträchtigungen (PG 2) den größten Teil ausmachen. Es
ist ein deutlicher Anstieg der Personen mit Geldleistung und ein Rückgang der
stationären Versorgung zu verzeichnen. Im Vergleich zur bundesweiten AOK-Analyse
zeigt Sachsen-Anhalt eine stärkere Nutzung ambulanter Pflegedienste in
häuslichen Arrangements. Die Analyse während der COVID-19-Pandemie zeigt eine
verstärkte Tendenz zur häuslichen Pflege, aber keine grundlegende Veränderung.
Besondere Situationen wie Kontaktbeschränkungen könnten die Nutzung bestimmter
Pflegeleistungen beeinflusst haben. Zukünftige Forschungen sollten die
Gestaltung häuslicher Pflegearrangements und die Bedürfnisse der Betroffenen
genauer untersuchen.
Diagnosis and management of heterotopic intramural pregnancy after in vitro fertilization: an eight-case series
Authors: Cai Pei , Zheng Mingxiang , Wang Qian , Wen Yi , Chen Hui , Gong Fei , Lin Ge , Li Xihong , Ouyang Yan
Published: August 2024

Purpose To analyze the ultrasound characteristics, clinical management, and pregnancy outcomes of heterotopic intramural pregnancies (HIMPs) after embryo transfer.

Methods This was a retrospective observational study of women who were diagnosed with HIMPs. The ultrasound characteristics, clinical treatment, and pregnancy outcomes of patients with HIMPs were evaluated.

Results Eight women with HIMPs were included. Among them, 6 patients were diagnosed by transvaginal sonography, and 2 patients were misdiagnosed with heterotopic interstitial pregnancy. The diagnostic accuracy was 75% (6/8). Five patients with HIMPs were diagnosed at the time of the initial scan (5+6–6+3 weeks). An intramural gestational sac was observed in all 6 patients, and an embryo with cardiac activity was detected in one patient on the follow-up scans. Intrauterine pregnancies (IUPs) were revealed in all 6 patients, and embryo(s) with cardiac activity were observed in 5 patients at the time of the initial diagnosis or later. The patients receiving expectant treatment all presented with bagel signs, while patients with embryos with cardiac activity all underwent surgery. Among the 6 diagnosed women, 1 patient was initially treated medically, 4 were treated expectantly, and 1 was treated surgically. Among the 6 diagnosed patients, the IUPs of 5 patients resulted in live infants.

Conclusion Single ET should be recommended to decrease the possibility of HIMP. An accurate diagnosis of HIMP was reached in most cases by detailed ultrasound early in the first trimester. Most IUPs of HIMPs seem to have good outcomes with timely and proper management. Expectant management might be a possible choice for nonviable intramural pregnancies.
Research on injury risk of elite male athletes in racing ice sports based on blood indexes
Authors: Wang Fuhong , Cui Junjie , Wu Yinming , Chen HaoMeng , Hong Ping , Li Xue
Published: August 2024

This study aims to explore the relationship between blood biochemical indexes and injury risk of elite male athletes in racing ice sports. The male athletes compared the demographic indexes, monthly injuries, and longitudinal tracking data. The non-linear relationship was analyzed using an unrestricted cubic spline. Generalized estimating equations estimated the relative risk (OR) of injury occurrence. Receiver operating characteristics and the area under the curve determined diagnostic accuracy. In the snow sledding group, when creatine kinase rises to 489.46 u/L or Testosterone decreases to 41.32 ng/ml, the risk increases by 1.70 times (OR=1.70, p<0.001) and 1.69 times(OR=1.69, p<0.001) with statistical significance. the Creatine kinase (OR=1.01, P=0.007) and Testosterone (OR=1.00, P＜0.001) were included in the injury prediction model. The model exhibits excellent discrimination, with sensitivity and specificity of 82.8% and 86.5%, respectively. In the ice skating group, when Creatine kinase rise to 467.00 u/L, the risk increases by 2.56 times with statistical significance (OR=2.56, p<0.001). Creatine kinase (OR=1.01, P＜0.001) was included in the predictive model. The model demonstrates good discrimination, with sensitivity and specificity of 90.5% and 66.7%, respectively. Creatine kinase and Testosterone are the risk predictors of injury in elite snowmobile male athletes. Creatine kinase is an independent risk factor for injury in elite speed skaters.
Radiographs in Pediatric Rheumatology: Where Do We Stand?
Authors: Bhalla Deeksha , Jana Manisha , Bagri Narendra
Published: August 2024

Rheumatic disorders in children include inflammatory arthritis, inflammatory bone disorders such as chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO), connective tissue disorders, and vasculitides (juvenile dermatomyositis, scleroderma). The diagnosis in these children is based on a combination of history, clinical examination, and laboratory investigations. Radiographs play an important role in children with arthritis, who have atypical presentation or for assessment of disease-related damage and differentiation from mimics. Further, radiographs also have an ancillary role in the assessment of musculoskeletal disorders such as dermatomyositis and hemophilia. This review seeks to present a detailed analysis of the specific indications and advantages of radiographs in the situations. Further, a structured reporting format for assessment of radiographs in pediatric rheumatic disorders has also been presented for the reader's reference.
Role of Dysregulated Immune Biomarkers in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Metastasis: A Systematic Meta-Analysis Review
Authors: AlChalabi Rawaa , AL-Salmani Mustafa S. , Shaban Semaa A. , Suleiman Ahmed AbdulJabbar
Published: August 2024

The liver plays a crucial role in immune system regulation, but dysregulation of immunological networks contributes to chronic liver diseases like hepatocellular carcinoma. This malignant tumor is the third leading cause of cancer death. An imbalanced immune system, characterized by alterations in immune cell count, cytokine levels, and inhibitory receptors, can impact metastasis by suppressing the immune system's ability to fight cancer cells. This study aims to investigate the potential biomarkers playing a crucial role in immune dysregulation resulting in hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis. A comprehensive and systematic literature review was conducted using both free words and search terms. The data extraction was then performed by a thorough literature screening. Next, the meta-analysis was performed using the metabin function of the meta library in R to evaluate the patient cases reporting metastasis in the event group. A total of 1,008 cases were considered, with 357 as events and 651 as nonevents. The results of the meta-analysis demonstrated the significant role of biomarkers in immune dysregulation causing metastasis (risk ratio = 0.54, 95% confidence interval: 0.4972, 0.6048, I
2 = 92.4%, p < 0.01). In addition to the immune dysregulation explored in this study, the impact of tumor size on hepatocellular carcinoma progression and metastasis is a crucial consideration. A notable difference of 41 more cases was reported for larger tumor sizes. The study integrates immune dysregulation biomarkers and tumor size factors influencing hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis, offering valuable insights for future research and therapeutic interventions for improved clinical outcomes.
Al–O–Al defect complexes as possible candidates for channel electron mobility reducing trapping centers in 4H-SiC metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors
Authors: Smith N. , Berens J. , Pobegen G. , Grasser T. , Shluger A.
Published: August 2024

The deep-level drain current transient spectroscopy (Id-DLTS) measurements of Al-doped SiC metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) strongly suggest that the reduction in the channel mobility at low temperatures is related to a shallow trap detectable at 70 K. Using the Shockley–Reed–Hall (SRH) theory, the level of this trap has been extracted to be around 0.15 eV below the conduction band minimum of SiC. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations of AlSiNCAlSi and AlSiOCAlSi defect complexes have found one configuration of the AlSiOCAlSi complex, which has a charge transition level within the SRH extracted trap level range. Therefore, we suggest that these AlSiOCAlSi defects are likely candidates for traps responsible for the channel mobility reduction.
Adaptive event-triggered security control for networked teleoperation systems
Authors: Yang Hai , Liu Xia , Wen Hui
Published: August 2024

An adaptive event-triggered security control method is proposed for networked robotic teleoperation systems subject to time-varying delays and false data injection (FDI) attacks. An event-triggered scheme is designed via the position and velocity signals of the master and slave robots, where the triggering thresholds can change adaptively with the system states. The position and velocity triggered signals and the feedback error between the operator and the environment forces are utilized to detect whether the transmitted signals suffered from FDI attacks. Then, a switching controller is designed, which is able to adopt the corresponding control strategy according to the corresponding detection result. The stability of the system and the convergence of the tracking errors are proved through Lyapunov functions, and the proposed method is validated through practical experiments. The proposed method is able to adaptively adjust the triggering frequency and effectively reduce the transmitted data, thus saving the network resources. Meanwhile, it can ensure the stability of networked teleoperation systems under time-varying delays and FDI attacks, as well as the position and force tracking performance.
BAD-NEUS: Rapidly converging trajectory stratification
Authors: Strahan John , Lorpaiboon Chatipat , Weare Jonathan , Dinner Aaron R.
Published: August 2024

An issue for molecular dynamics simulations is that events of interest often involve timescales that are much longer than the simulation time step, which is set by the fastest timescales of the model. Because of this timescale separation, direct simulation of many events is prohibitively computationally costly. This issue can be overcome by aggregating information from many relatively short simulations that sample segments of trajectories involving events of interest. This is the strategy of Markov state models (MSMs) and related approaches, but such methods suffer from approximation error because the variables defining the states generally do not capture the dynamics fully. By contrast, once converged, the weighted ensemble (WE) method aggregates information from trajectory segments so as to yield unbiased estimates of both thermodynamic and kinetic statistics. Unfortunately, errors decay no faster than unbiased simulation in WE as originally formulated and commonly deployed. Here, we introduce a theoretical framework for describing WE that shows that the introduction of an approximate stationary distribution on top of the stratification, as in nonequilibrium umbrella sampling (NEUS), accelerates convergence. Building on ideas from MSMs and related methods, we generalize the NEUS approach in such a way that the approximation error can be reduced systematically. We show that the improved algorithm can decrease the simulation time required to achieve the desired precision by orders of magnitude.
Magnetized Casson hybrid nanofluid flow under the influence of surface-catalyzed reactions over a porous moving wedge
Authors: Shanmugapriya M. , Sundareswaran R. , Gopi Krishna S. , Fernandez-Gamiz U. , Narasimman S.
Published: August 2024

The main finding of this work focuses on the numerical analysis of magnetized Casson hybrid nanofluid flow via porous moving wedge with surface-catalyzed reactions. Thermal radiation and chemical reactions are also investigated as heat and mass transport mechanisms. Feature of hybrid nanofluid, which contains nanoparticles, such as nickel zinc ferrite (NiZnFe2O4) and manganese zinc ferrite (MnZnFe2O4) nanoparticles with engine oil as a working fluid, is discussed. These hybrid nanofluids (NiZnFe2O4 + MnZnFe2O4/C2H18) offer significant improvements in thermal conductivity, heat transfer efficiency, and magnetic control, making them ideal for automotive, industrial, and magnetic fluid applications. The flow dynamics of the system have been modeled using a system of non-linear PDEs, which are transformed into dimensionless ODEs using appropriate similarity conversions. The transformed ODEs are solved using the fourth- and fifth-order Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg method along with the shooting technique. Results indicate that increased surface-catalyzed parameters in porous media accelerate heterogeneous catalysis, leading to more vigorous reactions and shorter reaction times. Furthermore, the incorporation of NiZnFe2O4 and MnZnFe2O4 nps in the base fluid substantially improves both the velocity and energy transmission rate. Engine oil containing ferrite nanoparticles on porous moving wedge could improve engine performance and efficiency in automotive cooling systems and lubrication effectiveness.
Second-order Arnoldi accelerated boundary element method for two-dimensional broadband acoustic shape sensitivity analysis
Authors: Li Yongsong , Zhong Senhao , Du Jing , Jiang Xinbo , Atroshchenko Elena , Chen Leilei
Published: August 2024

This paper proposes a novel approach for broadband acoustic shape sensitivity analysis based on the direct differentiation approach. Since the system matrices of the boundary element method (BEM) for the analysis of acoustic state and acoustic sensitivity have frequency dependence, repeated calculations are needed at different frequencies. This is very time-consuming, especially for sensitivity calculations used in shape optimization design. The Taylor series expansion of the Hankel function is carried out to separate the frequency-dependent and frequency-independent terms in the acoustic shape sensitivity boundary integral equation to construct a frequency-independent system matrix. In addition, due to the formation of asymmetric full-coefficient matrices in acoustic shape sensitivity equations based on the BEM, repeatedly solving system equations is also extremely time-consuming at broadband frequencies for large scale issues. The second-order Arnoldi approach was employed to create a reduced-order model that maintains the key features of the initial full-order model. The strong singular and supersingular integrals within the sensitivity equations can be calculated directly utilizing the singularity elimination technique. Finally, several numerical examples confirm the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
Role of spin-glass-like interfaces in exchange-biased MnN/Fe thin films grown on W buffer layers
Authors: Singh Hardepinder , Gupta Mukul , Prakash Hind , Kumar Hardeep , Fulara Himanshu
Published: August 2024

This study reports the growth and investigation of (001)-oriented MnN/Fe thin films on the W buffer layer, focusing on detailed exchange bias (EB) studies, including thermal evolution (300–10 K) and the training effect. At room temperature, the magnetically annealed α-W/MnN/Fe/Ta stack exhibits an EB field (HEB) of 118 Oe. With decreasing temperature, particularly below 100 K, both HEB and coercive field (HC) show substantial increases, with HEB displaying a more pronounced enhancement. Analysis of the temperature-dependent HEB and HC data reveals an exponential trend, indicative of a spin-glass-like interface in the MnN/Fe system. At 10 K, the pronounced EB is accompanied by an asymmetric “kinked” magnetization reversal, suggesting a transition from uniaxial to biaxial anisotropy below 50 K due to spin-glass-like magnetic frustration at the interdiffused MnN/Fe interface. Training effect measurements further support the spin-glass-like MnN/Fe interface, with two distinct training mechanisms observed at 10 K: “athermal” and “thermal.” Finally, the spin-glass model demonstrates an excellent fit for the training effect data, validating the presence of spin-glass-like disorder at the MnN/Fe interface.
A flexible silicone tube arrangement structure triboelectric nanogenerator for tennis training monitoring
Authors: Deng Xu
Published: August 2024

As the Internet of Things (IoTs) rapidly gain popularity, the demand for self-powered flexible electronic devices is continuously rising, particularly in the intelligent sports field. Hence, we introduced a silicone tube-based triboelectric nanogenerator (ST-TENG) designed for mechanical energy harvesting and tennis training monitoring. The ST-TENG, with its innovative tubular structure, effectively harvests low-frequency mechanical energy and converts it into electrical energy. At a working frequency of 6 Hz, the ST-TENG achieved an open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 122.51 V, a short-circuit current (Isc) of 15.05 µA, and a transfer charge (Qsc) of 33.74 nC. The ST-TENG demonstrates high sensitivity and accuracy in capturing subtle motion details, providing comprehensive data on various aspects of an athlete’s performance. The ST-TENG demonstrated excellent responsiveness to pressure and bending, making it suitable for real-time motion monitoring in tennis. Integrating the ST-TENG into the clothing and equipment of tennis players effectively monitored wrist, waist, and foot movements, providing detailed motion data. This research paves the way for developing highly efficient, self-powered wearable sensors that can significantly enhance the accuracy and sustainability of real-time athletic training monitoring.