bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Se faire patient expert en Martinique
Authors: Pariat Marcel , Lafont Pascal
Published: September 2023

Le récit d’expérience, outil de prise de distance et d’(auto)évaluation formative est mobilisé pour permettre l’expression de l’expérience visant à identifier et construire les compétences nécessaires à l’accompagnement de patients, en prenant appui sur leur propre histoire personnelle et sociale, ainsi que leur rapport à la maladie. Il s’agit d’analyser comment les patients experts utilisent le récit d’expérience personnelle et sociale pour développer une expertise au regard de l’ébauche de référentiels d’activités coproduits dans le cadre d’une formation menant à une co-construction et à une (auto)évaluation formative de leurs compétences, permettant à la fois de forger les contours d’une professionnalité et de s’inscrire dans une visée émancipatrice. Le processus dialogique impulsé par la mise en récit de leur expérience de la pathologie cancéreuse donne à voir des interactions entre des contextes « communautaires » et « empathiques » dans l’agir évaluatif à des fins d’évaluation des compétences des patients experts.
Forage peanut genetic variability: Multi-trait selection for forage production and ornamental purposes
Authors: Miqueloni Daniela Popim , Assis Giselle Mariano Lessa de , Beber Paulo Marcio
Published: September 2023

The selection of superior genotypes considering several traits simultaneously allows the release of more adapted, productive, and nutritive cultivars. To select forage peanut genotypes for use as animal feed and for ornamental purposes, 67 genotypes were evaluated. Twelve agronomic and nutritive value traits were evaluated in three temporally separated trials: a randomized complete block design. The mixed model method (Restricted Maximum Likelihood/Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (REML/BLUP)) was employed for estimating genetic parameters and predicting genotypic values, which were used in the selection indexes. The selection criteria considered vegetative and seed propagation traits corresponding to the use of forage peanut as animal feed and for ornamental purposes. Seed productivity was also evaluated and correlated with other traits. Genetic variability with high heritability in seed production was observed. Plant vigor, ground cover, and dry matter yield were negatively correlated with seed production. Among the genotypes evaluated, there is a possibility of selecting 14 and 16 genotypes corresponding to seed propagation for animal feed and ornamental purposes, respectively. For vegetative propagation, there are 16 and 14 promising genotypes for animal feed and ornamental purposes, respectively. Vegetatively propagated genotypes generally performed better in terms of agronomic traits related to feed production.
The Application of Taguchi Method to Optimize Pellet Quality in Broiler Feeds
Authors: Vakili Reza
Published: September 2023

The aim of this experiment was to optimize pellet quality by changing different levels of moisture, production rate, grain particle size and conditioning temperature using Taguchi method. In this experiment A 43 fractional factorial arrangement using Taguchi method was conducted in broiler starter, Grower and finisher feeds with three production rates (3.5, 4 and 4.5 ton h-1), three steam conditioning temperatures (65, 75 and 85°C), three particle sizes that were achieved by grinding the whole grains in the hammer mill to pass through 6, 6.5 and 7.0 mm sieves respectively, and three moisture content (0, 2.5 and 5%) that were added to the broiler feed in the mixer. During the production process, sampling was done and then PDI and hardness were evaluated in grower and finisher feeds). Results of this experiment showed a significant effect of processing parameters on PDI and hardness. In Conclusion the major finding of this experiment was that the Taguchi method can be used to find the best combination of factors for optimal pellet quality by testing only a fraction of the treatments of the full factorial design.
Recommended fertilization and timing of nitrogen fertilization influences the morphogenesis, structural characteristics, and production efficiency of Mombaça grass
Authors: Paiva Harry Sousa , Sousa Sheila Vilarindo de , Conceição Ellen Cristina de Araújo da , Santos Antônio Clementino dos , Okumura Ricardo Shigueru , Mezzomo Rafael , Santos Perlon Maia dos , Maciel Raylon Pereira
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to evaluate whether different fertilization strategies influence the morphogenic, structural, and production characteristics of Megathyrsus maximus cv. Mombaça. The experimental design adopted was a randomized block design with a 4 × 3 factorial scheme having five replications. The treatments were as per the following fertilization recommendations: 5th Approach Guide (5AP), Pará Guide (PG), Nutrient Replacement (RP), and the Michaelis and Menten adapted model (MM), applied for three days after application of the nitrogen (N) source following defoliation (days 0, 3, and 6). The interaction between factors affected the following variables: leaf appearance rate (LAR), leaf elongation rate (LER), and leaf senescence rate (LSR). The highest stem elongation rate (SER) was observed for the 5AP recommendation treatment with N application on day 0 (0.113 cm). The highest leaf area index (LAI; 5.33) and tiller population density (TPD; 421.5 tillers m-2) were observed for the 5AP recommendation. The 5AP recommendation with N application on day 0 and on the sixth day after defoliation, and the MM recommendation with fertilization on day 0 showed the best LAR and LER, as well as a greater number of cycles and greater absolute values of leaf blade dry mass.
Mechanically separated meat prepared with edible tilapia filleting waste from a public fish market
Authors: Bacelar Rafael Gomes Abreu , Moura Nathálya de Oliveira , Sousa Marília da Silva , Santos Filho José Humberto , Rodrigues Karina dos Santos , Melo Eveny Silva de , Muratori Maria Christina Sanches
Published: September 2023

This study aimed to produce mechanically separated meat (MSM) from tilapia obtained at the Teresina fish market in the state of Piauí, Brazil. Waste production and disposal and yields were estimated, and physico-chemical and microbiological MSM qualities were determined. A questionnaire was applied to the fish market sellers, followed by tilapia carcass sampling for MSM production and assessments concerning yields, microbiological (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus coagulase positive counts and the detection of Salmonella spp.) and physicochemical (water activity, pH, reaction to hydrogen sulfide and ammonia) quality and proximate composition (moisture, ash, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and total energy value). The questionnaire results indicated that tilapia is highly in demand and thats processing leads to significant waste. The yield analysis indicated that tilapia MSM presents adequate residual meat extraction rates from tilapia carcasses. All microbiological analyses were in compliance with Brazilian standards. Physicochemical results were as follows: protein (14.9 to 16.1%), lipids (16.6 to 22.1%), ash (1.3 to 2.8%), moisture (60.6 to 64 .1%), carbohydrates (0.6 to 1.5%) and calories (216.5 to 263.1 kcal 100-1). It is, therefore, clear that MSM constitutes a safe and nutritious foodstudd and comprises a viable alternative for the development of co-products.
Incidence of leptospirosis in non-human primates at the santarém zoo, Pará, Brazil
Authors: Camargo Junior Raimundo Nonato Colares , Macedo Camila Monteiro de , Silva Tatiana Vieira da , Silva Welligton Conceição da , Lisboa Ellen Patricia Correa
Published: September 2023

Leptospirosis is an infectious disease that affects practically all domestic and wild animals, which can become carriers and, as a consequence, will contribute to the spread of the microorganism in nature. The present study aims to detect the occurrence of leptospirosis against by the microscopic serum agglutination test in animals at the Zoo of the Centro Universitário da Amazônia (ZOOUNAMA). 26 adult animals of both sexes and of the following species: 9 Sapajus apella, 2 Cebus kaapori, 3 Ateles marginatus, 10 Ateles paniscus, 1 Chiropetes satanas, 1 Allouata belzebul. Of the animals studied, 3 (11.5%) were reagents to be taken against Leptospira spp. The serovars found in the different species were: Icterohaemorragiae, Balum, Hardjo and Grippothyphosa. SAM proved to be efficient to detect against leptospira in non-human primates. Icterohaemorragiae type serum occurred with research results showing that it is also important in leptospirosis in non-human primates.
Autoconfiança de acadêmicos de enfermagem no manejo da sepse: reflexos da telessimulação
Authors: Boaventura Silva Angélica , Pereira da Silva Caetano Simone , Maria Jorge Beatriz , Monique de Pinho Gama Liasse , Magalhães Santos Mayane , Soares de Souza Verusca
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: verificar a autoconfiança dos acadêmicos de enfermagem na identificação e manejo do indivíduo com sepse a partir do uso da telessimulação. Método: Estudo de intervenção, realizado com acadêmicos de enfermagem que cursavam/ cursaram a disciplina de cuidado ao paciente crítico de uma instituição pública localizada no Centro-Oeste brasileiro. A coleta de dados aconteceu em abril de 2021, em duas etapas, sendo uma antes e outra depois da telessimulação, por meio de testes sobre a percepção da autoconfiança dos acadêmicos. Os dados foram examinados à análise descritiva. Resultado:Participaram 20 acadêmicos. Antes da telessimulação, a resposta “nada confiante” nas quatro perguntas foi assinalada pela maioria dos acadêmicos; depois da intervenção, as respostas “confiante” e “muito confiante” prevaleceram. Os relatos apontaram para o conhecimento acerca dos sinais e manejo inicial do paciente com sepse, entretanto, o atendimento foi tolhido pela insegurança, nervosismo e dificuldade no controle das emoções. Conclusão: A telessimulação contribuiu para a autoconfiança dos acadêmicos de enfermagem.
“Vou ser mãe, e agora?”: mulheres com deficiência física e suas vulnerabilidades durante a gestação
Authors: Vieira Amanda Nicácio , Padilha Maria Itayra , Costa Roberta
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: conhecer as experiências das mulheres com deficiência física e suas vulnerabilidades durante a gestação. Método: estudo qualitativo com abordagem histórico-social, realizado pela técnica de história oral de vida com 15 mulheres com deficiência física. A coleta de dados ocorreu no período de julho a dezembro de 2020. A análise de conteúdo temática foi realizada com auxílio do software Atlas.ti® 9, no período de janeiro a outubro de 2021, guiada pelo referencial teórico da vulnerabilidade. Resultados: as vulnerabilidades das mulheres com deficiência física durante a gestação oscilam de acordo com suas condições clínicas, psicológicas e sociais. Desta forma, são destacados o medo, a emoção, a ansiedade, a superação, a limitação física, o risco gestacional, o preconceito, os estigmas sociais e a importância da rede de apoio. Considerações finais: quanto menos acesso aos direitos sociais e reprodutivos, e menor rede de apoio envolvida nesse período, maior vulnerabilidade enfrentada durante o período gestacional e do exercício da maternidade.
Dopamine Receptor 1 Impedes ILC2-Mediated Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Wang Xiangyang , Chen Xiangyu , Chen Jierong , Liao Chunhui , Yang Xiaofan , Zhou Jiasheng , Liu Shanshan , Ye Shusen , Zheng Yuhao , Huang Linzi , Zhao Jiacong , Ye Lilin , Huang Bihui , Cao Yingjiao
Published: September 2023

Ever-growing evidence has revealed that group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) exhibit pleiotropic effects in antihelminth immunity, allergy, tissue protection, and cancer. Currently, the role of ILC2s in cancer is highly controversial regarding the intricate tumor microenvironment (TME), and the tumor-promoting or antitumor immunological mechanisms of ILC2s remain largely unknown. In this study, we report that dopamine receptor 1 (DRD1) restrains ILC2 activity in the TME. DRD1 deficiency promotes ILC2 activation, which irritates eosinophil recruitment and cytotoxic CD8+ T cell expansion during ongoing malignancy. Consequently, DRD1-deficient mice exhibit delayed tumor growth and reduced tumor progression. Furthermore, fenoldopam, a selective DRD1 agonist, restrains the ILC2 response in the TME and aggravates tumor burden in mice. Taken together, our data elaborate that the DRD1 signal acts as an excitatory rheostat in regulating ILC2-dependent antitumor immunity.
Differences in Strength and Fatigue Resistance of Scapular Protractors and Retractors Between Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Dyskinesis
Authors: Martens Géraldine , Gofflot Amandine , Tooth Camille , Schwartz Cédric , Bornheim Stephen , Croisier Jean-Louis , Kaux Jean-François , Forthomme Bénédicte
Published: September 2023

Context

Scapular dyskinesis is a shoulder dysfunction that can be asymptomatic or associated with pain or weakness. Reduced strength and fatigue resistance of the scapular protractor and retractor muscles that stabilize the scapula might contribute to dyskinesis.

Objectives

To determine the strength and fatigue resistance profiles of participants with symptomatic or asymptomatic scapular dyskinesis and compare them with healthy control (HC) individuals using isokinetic assessment.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Setting

University hospital.

Patients or Other Participants

Twenty HC individuals and 21 overhead athletes with symptomatic (n = 10) or asymptomatic (n = 11) scapular dyskinesis.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Strength (peak torque, maximum work), fatigue resistance (total work), and protraction:retraction ratios measured during a closed chain isokinetic protocol (40 repetitions in concentric mode at 24.4 cm/s).

Results

The scapular protractors’ strength and fatigue resistance were higher (P < .01) in HC individuals (peak torque = 5.0 ± 0.9 N/kg, maximum work = 2.4 ± 0.5 J/kg, total work = 72.4 ± 0.6 J/kg) than in asymptomatic (peak torque = 3.4 ± 0.7 N/kg, maximum work = 1.7 ± 0.4 J/kg, total work = 50.0 ± 13.7 J/kg) or symptomatic (peak torque = 3.8 ± 0.6 N/kg, maximum work = 1.8 ± 0.3 J/kg, total work = 58.1 ± 12.9 J/kg) dyskinetic participants. The symptomatic dyskinetic group presented the highest retractor strength and fatigue resistance (P < .01) values (peak torque = 5.2 ± 0.6 N/kg, maximum work = 2.9 ± 0.8 J/kg, total work = 87.7 ± 22.7 J/kg), followed by the HC individuals (peak torque = 4.7 ± 1.0 N/kg, maximum work = 2.1 ± 0.5 J/kg, total work = 65.3 ± 17.9 J/kg) and the asymptomatic dyskinetic participants (peak torque = 3.9 ± 1.0 N/kg, maximum work = 1.9 ± 0.6 J/kg, total work = 58.6 ± 18.5 J/kg). The protraction:retraction ratios showed a gradual decrease (P < .001) from the HC individuals (1.1) to the asymptomatic (0.9) and symptomatic (0.7) dyskinetic participants.

Conclusions

Scapular dyskinesis is characterized by weaker scapular protractors and reduced agonist:antagonist ratios, especially when patients are symptomatic. Targeting the scapular protractors to achieve a better balance of scapular musculature in rehabilitation and strengthening programs may improve shoulder symptoms and function, but more interventional studies are required.
Successful treatment of intermediate syndrome in a COVID-19 patient with severe organophosphate toxicity
Authors: Fouad Marwa Mohammed , Zawilla Nermin Hamdy , Moubarez Doaa Atef
Published: September 2023

Organophosphate (OP) poisoning is one of the most common causes of poisoning in the world, due to its easy availability, low cost, and wide occupational exposure. It has a significant death and morbidity rate. Cholinergic syndrome, intermediate syndrome (IMS), and syndrome of delayed polyneuropathy are the three primary syndromes that define OP poisoning. We report the case of a 44-year-old male patient who had a history of OP poisoning by inhalation and later developed altered mental status (AMS). The patient transiently improved and regained consciousness following treatment with atropine and obidoxime. He deteriorated the following day with AMS and generalized muscle weakness consistent with IMS and was intubated for airway protection. Despite further complication by Klebsiella and COVID-19 infections, he recovered to hospital discharge on day 14.
Meta-analysis of Genetic polymorphism of Enhancer of Zeste Homolog2 gene in cancer susceptibility
Authors: Gautam Nisha , Kaur Mandeep , Kashyap Surender
Published: September 2023

The alteration in the expression of enhancer of zeste homolog-2 (EZH2) gene is very well known in the progression, severity, and aggressiveness of cancer. Hence, it is important to study the genomic variation of the EZH2 gene. Previously, many association-based studies investigated the association between rs2302427C>G and cancer susceptibility. However, the result had been inconsistent. Therefore, our meta-analysis aimed to identify the association between EZH2 rs2302427 and cancer risk. A systematic literature search was done for databases PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Cochrane library up to September 2020 and statistical analysis was performed by RevMan v 5.3. A total of six studies comprised 1876 cases and 2555 controls were included in the current meta-analysis. The pooled analysis showed that overall, there is significant association of rs2302427 C>G change with reduced cancer risk (odds ratio = 0.60, 95% confidence interval [0.35–1.03], P = 0.07) but non-significantly. Further, the subgroup analysis also revealed that there is no significant difference between the Asian and European population, and both exhibit the protective nature of rs2302427 with cancer. The present meta-analysis indicated that EZH2 rs2302427 has an association with cancer in reducing the risk but for the Indian population studies are required as the Indian population comprises various sub-population genetically isolated for long.
Review of clinical applications and challenges with surface-guided radiation therapy
Authors: Bellala Ravishankar , Kuppusamy Anandakrishnan , Bellala Venkata Madhavi , Tyagi Tulika , Manoharan Surendhiran , Gangarapu Gunasekhar , Bellala Rishik
Published: September 2023

Aim:

To evaluate the use of this new technique, surface-guided radiotherapy (SGRT), for patient setup and motion management in various cancers.

Materials and Methods:

Data was collected from 533 patients, who received treatment in our hospital for various malignancies using SGRT from October 2019 to April 2021. We studied patient setup, interfraction position, and patient position during the breath-hold (BH) technique. The main advantage of SGRT is that, it is completely non-invasive and uses visible light to compare the patient’s skin surface in the treatment room and planned treatment position. In this analysis, Monaco 5.51.10 (Elekta) treatment planning system, Versa HD Linear Accelerator, and AlignRT 6.2 (Vision RT) SGRT system were used.

Results:

With SGRT, treatment setup time can be reduced with more precision and techniques like Deep inspiration breathhold (DIBH) can be done with very good compliance.

Conclusion:

SGRT has shown improved accuracy in patient setup compared to conventional laser setup. The daily kilo voltage imaging frequency can be reduced; it helps in reducing additional radiation exposure due to imaging. SGRT has demonstrated reproducibility with adequate accuracy in BH treatments in DIBH for breast and SBRT.
Metaplastic breast carcinoma: Analysis of clinical and pathologic features, a five-year study
Authors: Chaudhary Dimple , Balhara Kirti , Mandal Shramana , Mallya Varuna , Tomar Reena , Khurana Nita , Bains Lovnish
Published: September 2023

Background:

Metaplastic carcinoma breast (MCB) is a rare tumor comprising of both glandular and non-glandular patterns with epithelial and or mesenchymal components. Due to their varied clinicomorphological features, diagnosis has been challenging.

Aim:

To study the clinicopathological and histomorphology of cases of metaplastic carcinoma breast diagnosed in a tertiary care hospital along with literature review.

Materials and Methods:

This is a retrospective study including data of 11 patients who were diagnosed with MCB either on trucut or mastectomy specimens conducted between January 2014 and December 2018.

Results:

The study includes 11 patients, out of which 10 were diagnosed on mastectomy while one on trucut specimen. All the patients were women with the mean age of presentation being 43.8 years. The most common presentation was palpable breast lump with mean tumor size of 7.3 cm in greatest dimension. Skin involvement was seen in 36.3% of cases. While eight cases (72.7%) were classified as epithelial, three (27.2%) were classified as mixed. Amongst epithelial variety, in eight cases, squamous component was seen along with infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) while one was pure squamous type. In mixed variety, one case showed spindled areas along with squamous areas and areas of IDC. Other two showed focal sarcomatous and cartilaginous areas in one and angiosarcomatous, bone and cartilage formation admixed with areas of IDC in other case.

Conclusion:

MCB are rare breast tumors with aggressive course and are characterized by their large size and rapid growth rate. Recently, there has been an upsurge in the cases of MCB due to increase in recognition of this entity. It has to be distinguished from other tumors by the pathologists so as to guide proper treatment.
The XRCC1 and TP53 gene polymorphisms are associated with advanced-stage disease and early distant metastasis at diagnosis in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Karaağaç Mustafa , Geredeli Çağlayan , Yıldırım Mahmut Selman , Altınok Tamer , Dede İsa , İnal Ali , Zamani Ayşe Gül , Kaya Buğra , Demirkazık Ahmet , Bozcuk Hakan , Artaç Mehmet
Published: September 2023

Background:

Studies on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) suggest that DNA repair capacity may have prognostic implications for disease recurrence and survival. However, there is no study investigating the relationship between SNPs and the risk of metastasis at the time of initial diagnosis in patients with NSCLC.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the potential predictive value of SNPs in detecting the risk of metastasis at the time of initial diagnosis and poor prognosis in patients with NSCLC.

Material and Methods:

In this prospective cohort study, we evaluated 275 patients with NSCLC. Analysis of SNPs from peripheral blood cells was performed by a polymerase chain reaction. Excision repair cross-complementing group 1 (ERCC1)- Asn118Asn, excision repair cross-complementing group 2 (ERCC2)-Lys751Gln, X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1)-Arg399Gln, and tumor protein 53 (TP53)-Arg72Pro polymorphisms were evaluated in conjunction with the development of metastasis.

Results:

The ERCC1 normal genotype, ERCC2 heterozygote genotype, XRCC1 normal genotype, and TP53 normal genotype were associated with a higher stage and more advanced-stage disease at the time of initial diagnosis (P = 0.027, 0.005, <0.001, and 0.006, respectively). Also, XRCC1 normal genotype and TP53 normal genotype were associated with the risk of metastasis at the time of initial diagnosis (P = <0.001 and 0.002, respectively). Moreover, the XRCC1 normal genotype was associated with the risk of brain metastasis at the time of initial diagnosis (P = 0.031).

Conclusions:

We showed that SNPs are related to a higher stage and more advanced-stage disease at the time of initial diagnosis in patients with NSCLC, and XRCC1 and TP53 gene polymorphisms are associated with the risk of metastasis. These results may contribute to the identification of high-risk groups and may help to earlier diagnosis and treatment in patients with NSCLC.
Local therapy in advanced melanoma after immune checkpoint inhibitors aiming to achieve complete response
Authors: de Barros e Silva Milton José , Teixeira Marcos Rezende , Lobo Matheus de Melo , Molina André Sapata , Bertolli Eduardo , Filho Ivan Dunshee de Abranches Oliveira Santos , Ribeiro Heber Salvador Castro , Pelizon Antônio Cássio de Assis , Pinto Clóvis Antônio Lopes , Neto João Pedreira Duprat
Published: September 2023

Background and Objectives:

New scenarios for local therapy have arisen after starting immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) to treat advanced melanoma (AM). The aim of this study is to examine the role of local therapies with curative intention for patients with AM that have been on ICI.

Methods:

This was a single institution, retrospective analysis of unresectable stage III or IV melanoma patients on treatment with anti-PD1 ± anti-CTLA-4 who underwent local therapy with curative intention with no other remaining sites of disease (NRD).

Results:

Of the 170 patients treated with ICI, 19 (11.2%) met the criteria of curative intention. The median time on ICI before local therapy was 16.6 months (range: 0.92–43.2). At the time of the local treatment, the disease was controlled in 16 (84.25%) and progressing in 3 patients (15.75%); 14 patients (73.7%) treated a single lesion and 5 (26.3%) treated 2 to 3 lesions. In a median follow-up of 17 months (range: 1.51–38.2) after the local therapy and 9.8 months after the last ICI cycle (range: 0.56–31), only 2 (10.5%) out of 19 patients relapsed.

Conclusions:

Patients with AM on treatment with ICI were able to achieve NRD after local treatment and may benefit from long-term disease control without systemic treatment.
A study on the anticancer activity of imidazolyl benzamide derivative-IMUEB on a 549 lung cancer cell line
Authors: Bhat Suhail Ahmad , Pajaniradje Sankar , Bhunia Sayandeep , Subramanian Srividya , Chandramohan Sathyapriya , Parthasarathi D , Bhaskaran Savitha , Padushah Syed Ali M , Rajagopalan Rukkumani
Published: September 2023

Background:

Cancer is a deadly disease, which is due to the uncontrolled division of cells with abnormal or unusual characteristics. It is a consequence of lethal mutations occurring due to various chemical and physical carcinogens, affecting many cellular signalling pathways and leading to uncontrolled proliferation. In this study, we analyzed the effect of 4-(1H-imidazol-1-yl)-N-(2-(3-(4-methylbenzyl) ureido) ethyl)benzamide (IMUEB), an imidazole derivative, on A549 cells (lung cancer cells).

Methods:

The MTT and LDH assays were performed to measure the cytotoxicity of IMUEB against A549 cells. Apoptotic mode of cell death of A549 cells was determined by fluorescence imaging by using different stains. Flow cytometry was performed to detect the cell cycle arrest. Western blotting was performed to determine the levels of apoptotic protein. Wound healing assay was performed to find the effect of IMUEB on cell migration. In silico molecular docking of IMUEB was performed to predict its affinity towards apoptotic proteins and metastasis related enzymes.

Result and Discussion:

The MTT assay showed an increase in cytotoxicity with increasing concentrations of IMUEB. In addition, it was found that IMUEB arrests cell cycle at G1 phase as detected by flow cytometry analysis and induces apoptosis. The treatment with IMUEB drastically decreased the migratory potential of A549 cells as evaluated by migration and invasion assay. By Western blotting analysis, it was found that the concentration of caspase-3 was increased after the treatment with IMUEB.

Conclusion:

Altogether, our results indicate that IMUEB shows antitumor activity by inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis in A549 cells.
Life after total skin electron irradiation; A perspective through the eyes of a radiation oncologist
Authors: Parida Dillip K. , Barik Sandip K.
Published: September 2023

Mycosis fungoides (MF) remains a challenge as a disease from its diagnosis through treatment and follow-up. The rarity of the disease and uncharacteristic clinical manifestations pose difficulty in diagnosis, and the lack of treatment facilities adds to the management woes. Though the Stanford technique is the most accepted modality of total skin electron beam therapy (TSEBT), the implementation details are still unstandardized. Different centers adopt different methodologies as per their convenience and suitability. We present a patient of MF with many dimensions of prediagnosis clinical features to the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up with subsequent developments over a period of 24 years that may help to understand the disease and management in a better manner.
A Dosimetric Comparison of Volumetric-modulated Arc Therapy and IMRT for Cochlea-sparing Radiation Therapy in Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Cancer
Authors: Nanda Siddhartha , Parida Sourajit , Ahirwar Manish Kumar
Published: September 2023

Background:

Head-and-neck cancer treatment includes radiotherapy as a crucial component. However, radiotherapy, like other treatment modalities, has its own side effects, some of which can be avoided using the latest medical technology and understanding the illness. Despite being a relatively uncommon subtype of head-and-neck cancer, radiation is essential in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Because of the complex anatomy of the nasopharyngeal region, it is difficult to plan radiotherapy without sparing the cochlea, an important part of the auditory system, and the radiotherapy dosage to it may cause sensorineural hearing loss. In the modern era, volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) have become the gold standard in radiotherapy. With the advancement of these techniques, cochlear sparing is now possible without compromising the tumor dose.

Materials and Methods:

We reviewed 14 plans for patients with locally advanced NPC who had received radiation in our department. VMAT plans were created for patients who had IMRT radiotherapy and vice versa. Both approaches were evaluated in terms of cochlea sparing while maintaining the coverage of the planned target volume (PTV).

Results:

Our study compared the results of two different radiation techniques for locally advanced NPC, IMRT, and VMAT in 14 cases, and we found that VMAT was associated with a lower maximum dose to the cochlea, a lower mean dose to the cochlea, a higher PTV D98% (Gy), a lower PTV D2% (Gy), a higher PTV V95% (%), a lower heterogeneity index, and a higher conformity index. The P value for each comparison was <0.05, which indicates that the difference is statistically significant. These results suggest that VMAT is a better radiation technique than IMRT for locally advanced NPC. VMAT is associated with a lower dose to the cochlea and other organs at risk, which can improve the quality of life and survival of patients.

Conclusion:

These results suggest that VMAT is a better radiation technique than IMRT for locally advanced NPC. VMAT is associated with a lower dose to the cochlea and other organs at risk, which can improve the quality of life and survival of patients.
Evaluation of International Atomic Energy Agency Technical Report Series-483 Detector-specific Output Correction Factor for Various Collimator Systems
Authors: Kannan Mageshraja , Saminathan Sathiyan , Chandraraj Varatharaj , Raj D. Gowtham , Ganesh K. M.
Published: September 2023

Aim:

In this study, a 6MV flattening filter (FF) and 6MV FF Free (FFF) photon beam small-field output factors (OF) were measured with various collimators using different detectors. The corrected OFs were compared with the treatment planning system (TPS) calculated OFs.

Materials and Methods:

OF measurements were performed with four different types of collimators: Varian Millennium multi-leaf collimator (MLC), Elekta Agility MLC, Apex micro-MLC (mMLC) and a stereotactic cone. Ten detectors (four ionization chambers and six diodes) were used to perform the OF measurements at a depth of 10 cm with a source-to-surface distance of 90 cm. The corrected OF was calculated from the measurements. The corrected OFs were compared with existing TPS-generated OFs.

Results:

The use of detector-specific output correction factor (OCF) in the PTW diode P detector reduced the OF uncertainty by <4.1% for 1 cm × 1 cm Sclin. The corrected OF was compared with TPS calculated OF; the maximum variation with the IBA CC01 chamber was 3.75%, 3.72%, 1.16%, and 0.90% for 5 mm stereotactic cone, 0.49 cm × 0.49 cm Apex mMLC, 1 cm × 1 cm Agility MLC, and 1 cm × 1 cm Millennium MLC, respectively.

Conclusion:

The technical report series-483 protocol recommends that detector-specific OCF should be used to calculate the corrected OF from the measured OF. The implementation of OCF in the TPS commissioning will reduce the small-field OF variation by <3% for any type of detector.
Effects of oral melatonin premedication on hemodynamic responses to intubation, anesthetic requirements and postoperative sedation: A randomized trial
Authors: Rajan Sunil , Abubaker Reema , Kala Revathy Ajayachandran , Sasikumar Niranjan Kumar , Kannan Mani Vignesh , Kumar Lakshmi
Published: September 2023

Background and Aims:

Sedative effects of melatonin may have an additive effect on general anesthesia (GA). We compared hemodynamic response to intubation following oral premedication with melatonin versus placebo. Induction dose of propofol, isoflurane and fentanyl consumption were also compared.

Material and Methods:

This prospective, double-blinded study was conducted in fifty patients randomized into two equal groups. Group M received oral melatonin 6 mg and group P a placebo two hours before surgery. All patients were induced with intravenous propofol of 1.5–2.5mg/kg till loss of response to verbal commands, three minutes after vecuronium, laryngoscopy was done and trachea was intubated. Heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressures (MAP) were recorded before premedication, before induction, immediately after induction and then at 1,3,5 and 10 minutes after intubation.

Results:

Mean HR was comparable in both groups throughout the study period. Group M had significantly lower MAP before induction and immediately after induction (P < 0.05). At all other time points MAP remained comparable in both groups. Mean isoflurane consumption was significantly lower in group M compared to group P (14.8 ± 4.2 vs 19.7 ± 3.2 mL). Propofol requirement for induction was also significantly lower in group M (102.4 ± 19.6 vs 122.4 ± 26.3mg). Intraoperative fentanyl consumption was comparable.

Conclusion:

Oral premedication with melatonin 6mg administered two hours before surgery significantly reduced MAP before and after induction of GA with a significant reduction in dose of propofol requirement.Titrating induction dose of propofol till loss of response to verbal commands did not effectively attenuate responses to laryngoscopy and intubation following melatonin oral premedication.
Efficacy of Ayurveda formulations, Panchamrit Lauha Guggulu and Panchguna Taila in the management of Cervical Spondylosis (Greevagraha)
Authors: Negi Vineeta K. , Singh Renu , Chandla Anubha , Sharma Omraj , Sharma Surinder K. , Rana Rakesh , Singhal Richa , Sharma Bhagwan S. , Khanduri Shruti , Kumar Adarsh , Srikanth Narayanam
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:

Cervical spondylosis (CS) is a degenerative disease of intervertebral discs with the formation of osteophytes in the cervical vertebrae. Based on the similarity in symptoms such as intermittent neck and shoulder pain, pain and stiffness radiating to the shoulder or occipital region, restricted neck movements, numbness, and weakness in arms, hands, and fingers, CS can be correlated with Greevagraha—a disease of the neck narrated in Ayurveda. In Ayurveda, the formulations Panchamrit Lauha Guggulu (PLG) and Panchguna Taila (PGT) have been narrated in treating musculoskeletal disorders.

OBJECTIVE:

The objective of the study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of PLG and PGT in the management of CS.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

It was a prospective, single-arm, open-label clinical study. A total of 63 patients aged 30–60 years diagnosed with CS have been treated with PLG 250 mg twice a day orally with lukewarm water after food and an external application of PGT at the neck region. The total duration of the treatment was 12 weeks, with a follow-up every 2 weeks and a post treatment follow-up after 2 weeks of the treatment. The outcome measures include change in Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire (NPNPQ) score, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) score for cardinal features, SF-36 (research and development [RAND]) Health Survey Score, and incidence of adverse events (if any).

RESULTS:

At baseline, X-ray findings of all participants (100%) had degenerative changes at different levels of cervical vertebrae; however, posttreatment X-ray findings (on the 84th day of study) showed normal X-ray findings in eight participants (5.04%). A significant reduction in the total VAS score (P < 0.001) was observed on day 84 and day 98. The mean NPNPQ score reduced significantly (P < 0.0001), and a highly significant change was observed in the SF-36 Health Survey Score (P < 0.0001). No adverse events were reported during the study period.

CONCLUSIONS:

PLG and PGT have shown promising outcomes in managing CS and were also safe. However, randomized control trials with adequate sample size, standard care as control, and a longer follow-up may be planned to establish the findings of this preliminary study.
Efficacy of Phala Ghrita and cow ghee in the management of oligozoospermia
Authors: Varsakiya Jitendra Nathabhai , Goyal Mandip , Thakar Anup , Donga Shilpa
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:

Oligozoospermia is one of the major causes of infertility in males. A special branch of Ayurveda called Vajeekarana (aphrodisiac therapy) is specially related to management of infertility. Phala Ghrita (PHG) is an Ayurved formulation specially indicated in infertility due to oligospermia, and it is also narrated that cow ghee (CG) also possesses spermatogenic efficacy. Therefore, the present work was planned to compare the clinical efficacy of PHG and CG on oligozoospermia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Ninety-nine male patients suffering from oligospermia and having sperm count less than 15 million/mL were selected for the study. Patients’ underwent Ayurveda Bio-cleansing procedure by using Haritakyadi Yoga–a laxative Ayurveda formulation. PHG and CG at a dose of 10 g, twice daily were administered in 51 and 42 patients, respectively, with warm milk for 8 weeks. Assessment of seminal parameters were done before and after completion of treatment.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

Statistical data showed that PHG and CG showed a significant (P < 0.001) change in sperm such as increase in sperm motility, decrease in abnormal forms of sperm, and increase in semen volume. However, the effect of PHG is found to be better than CG except in increasing semen volume.

CONCLUSION:

PHG and CG both have significant spermatogenic potential when administered after bio-cleansing of body by using Haritakyadi Yoga.

Study registration:

CTRI/20164/01/006559
Limitation of Jalauka (medicinal leech) application in the prevention of recurrence of keloid
Authors: Sonani Snehal , Patel Pragati S. , Dudhamal Tukaram S.
Published: September 2023

Keloid can be defined as a benign dermal fibroproliferative disorder with no malignant potential. The keloids tend to occur following trivial physical trauma in genetically predisposed individuals. Jalauka (medicinal leech, Hirudo medicinalis) is famed to use in all skin disorders caused by vitiation of Rakta (~blood) and Pitta Dosha (a functional regulatory factor of the body). Many studies also have claimed that the saliva of medicinal leeches potentiates wound healing. It helps in healthy scar formation by inhibiting the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin. Therefore, a hypothesis was made that medicinal leech application can be helpful in the healing of the wound without keloid formation in patients with keloid formation tendencies. In the present study, case of a 38-year-old male patient infected sebaceous cyst at the right upper back (scapular region) with a previous history of keloid formation after surgical scar was treated by weekly medicinal leech application five times after excision of the cyst under local anesthesia. Initiation wound healing was normal in the studied case until complete epithelization. After 2 months of complete healing, gradual hardening and shiny appearance with irregular margin became very prominent and seemed to convert in keloid, although other associated symptoms were absent. The findings of this case report indicate the limited effect of the medicinal leech application and the requirement of a multimodel therapeutic approach for healthy wound healing in keloid tendency patients.
The prospect of an integrated approach to One Nation One Health policy—Cancer treatment as a potential case
Authors: Joshi Sunil K. , Chauhan Ashutosh , Semwal Deepak K.
Published: September 2023

Today, every medical system in India is working unconnectedly without associating with one another. Moreover, many lifesaving procedures and medications are not affordable and easily accessible. Hence, the concept of One Nation One Health is a wonderful idea to improve the healthcare sector in India. The present article highlights selective ideas to make the One Nation One Health policy more effective, with a particular focus on cancer treatment. The relevant articles and books based on this theme were reviewed, and their crucial information was included in the present article. In the current scenario, when healthcare facilities are not easily accessible, mainly in rural areas, the One Nation One Health policy should be implemented strongly. The integration of modern and traditional systems of medicine can be more effective in treating diseases, including cancer, because of own strengths of each medical system.
A retrospective analysis of Ayurvedic clinical management of mild COVID-19 patients
Authors: Srivastava Sumit , Singh Harbans , Muralidharan Sanuj , Mohan Rijin , Chaudhary Shikha , Rani Poonam , Payyappalli Unnikrishnan , Srikanth Narayanam
Published: September 2023

BACKGROUND:

The COVID-19 virus is a new contagious pathogen which has made a huge impact on health, economic and societal perspectives of our country. Early detection, rapid isolation, and adoption of effective infection prevention and control (IPC) measures are key to preventing and controlling COVID-19 infection. Patients are now receiving symptomatic treatment. This retrospective study aims to assess and comprehend the effectiveness of Ayurvedic interventions in the treatment of mild symptomatic COVID-19 patients.

OBJECTIVE:

The objective of this study is to analyze the outcome of Ayurvedic interventions in managing mild symptomatic COVID-19-infected cases.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

COVID-19 patients (diagnosed through RT-PCR test) admitted at Shri Dhanwantry Ayurvedic College and Hospital, Chandigarh were treated with Ayurvedic interventions. The data were collected and have been analyzed retrospectively. Data collected were systematically analyzed and presented using appropriate software (SPSS version 21).

RESULTS:

The treatment given in this particular study were aimed at dissipating the pathogenesis based on Ayurvedic principles of management. Relief in major clinical symptoms such as fever, cough, and throat pain has been observed in studied cases of COVID-19. The clinical recovery rate observed in this study was 94.3%, which is comparatively high with reference to the current clinical recovery rate, i.e., 69.5% in Chandigarh (India).

CONCLUSION:

The Ayurvedic interventions, AYUSH-64, Agasthya Hareetaki Rasayana, and Anu Taila Nasya, may play a major role in managing mild symptomatic cases of COVID-19.

IEC number:

8-55/2020-CARIRD/TECH/COVID/149
Management of moderate cases of COVID-19 through treatment protocol of Ministry of AYUSH
Authors: Sharma Meenakshi , Mandal Sisir Kumar , Raahat Shagufta , Pawar Ankita Sunil , Rai Shalini , More Anand , Nesari Tanuja
Published: September 2023

The global resurgence of coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has severely affected the medical infrastructure, posing a serious public health concern. The present case series documents the successful management of four moderate cases of confirmed coronavirus disease (COVID-19) based on the Ayurveda approach without any adverse effects and any post-COVID presentation. A retrospective analysis of four patients with moderate COVID-19 symptoms was conducted in this study at the All India Institute of Ayurveda. The patients were between the age of 23 and 38 years, were diagnosed as COVID-19 positive through a rapid antigen test (RAT), in July–August 2020, and were managed through Ayurveda interventions. The interventions include Ayush Kwath (10 g twice a day) and Sanshamani Vati (500 mg thrice a day) along with dietary restrictions and nonpharmacological suggestions. The therapeutic interventions were carried out for 7 days. Symptomatic assessment was done every day telephonically, and RAT was conducted after 7 days. Post-COVID complications were assessed in individual cases during the follow-up period (3 months after the completion of treatment). Complete relief in symptoms was observed within 6–7 days in all the cases. No side effects or adverse drug reactions were noticed both during and after the treatment. No post-COVID complications were observed in the four studied cases. The case series suggests that timely Ayurveda intervention has very good potential not only in treating mild-to-moderate patients of COVID-19 infection but also in preventing the post-COVID complications. It could also have a role in reducing the burden of a patient’s turning into a severe category or with complications. However, large-scale randomized controlled trials are required to further validate the same.
Safety and efficacy of Ayurveda interventions in diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Balakrishnan Praveen , Sumedhan Varsha , Sinimol Thekkekkoottumughath P. , Ahmed Azeem , Venigalla Sridevi , Sudhakar Devarkonda
Published: September 2023

Introduction:

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a complication of diabetes mellitus, is a leading cause of blindness on a global level. Nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), both with and without diabetic macular edema (DME), are the stages of DR. The conventional treatment strategies for DR include intravitreal injections, laser photocoagulation, and surgical approach. There are quite a few individual studies available in various databases showing the efficacy of Ayurveda intervention in DR. However, a systematic review of these studies is not available to date. The aim of this study is to perform a systematic review of various clinical studies of Ayurveda treatments in DR, along with meta-analysis, if possible. This shall help in providing more precise estimates of the effectiveness of management of DR using Ayurveda interventions.

Methods and Analysis:

A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-randomized controlled trials (QRCTs), controlled clinical trials (CCTs), multiple arms clinical trials, and single-group studies on DR published/unpublished from January 1990 to November 2020 will be conducted. The database search will be performed using the words with Boolean operators: Ayurveda OR Ayurvedic AND Diabetic Retinopathy as title, abstract, or keyword. Clinical trials of patients fulfilling the diagnostic criteria based on signs and symptoms of DR in any of its stages, irrespective of age and either gender, will be selected. Studies that are based on the Ayurvedic treatments such as Shodhana (purification therapies), Shamana (pacification therapies), Netra Kriyakalpa (topical ophthalmic application of medications), Moordha Taila Prayoga (topical application of medicine on head), Mukha Kriya Kramas (usage of medicine on/in mouth and on face such as Mukhalepa, Kabala, Gandoosha) irrespective of dosage, type, schedule, drug, form, and advised Pathayapathya (lifestyle changes) as intervention or control will be selected. Response to treatment, both subjective and objective, is the primary outcome and onset of serious adverse events is the secondary outcome.

Ethics and Dissemination:

Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee. The results obtained will be published in a peer-reviewed journal.

Trial Registration Number:

International Prospective Register for Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) number CRD42019136750.