bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Portrait of Teacher Talk and Language Choices in EFL Classroom: Insights for Children’s Language Learning
Authors: Khusna Khaula Amelia , Mustofa Mutmainnah , Alka Wensi , Ubaidillah M. Faruq , Lee Huan Yik , Putra Suatmo Pantja
Published: January 2023

The present study focused on teachers’ perceptions of how teacher talk works in the classroom and some challenges they might encounter during initiating interaction to encourage students.  A classroom observation was done to portray the data of the learning process and teachers’ interview was also conducted to discover insights about teacher talk and the challenges encountered in the classroom interaction. Findings demonstrated that the teachers enacted dominant English communication as the input rather than using students’ first language. They felt increasing the use of the target language would be more challenging as it is influenced by some aspects from both teachers and students’ motivation, attitude, and proficiency. In addition, teacher talk is varied in some extents based on the teacher and student factors. The findings also showed that teacher talk mostly occurred in the form of asking questions, giving directions, explaining the lesson, and praising the students. In addition, as the students were considered young learners, it was found that classroom interaction and language choice must be adjustable in order to make communication become more effective.
 
Keywords: teacher talk, perception, challenge, language choice, primary level
Students' Perception towards the Use of ICT in EFL Learning at Eleventh Grade SMA Negeri 1 Dolok Batu Nanggar
Authors: Ayu Widya Ningsih  , Sihombing Partohap Saut Raja , Silalahi Dumaris E. , Herman
Published: January 2023

This research aims at exploring high school students’ perception towards the use of ICT in EFL learning. To achieve the objective, 44 students at eleventh grade majoring in Language and Culture Science (IBB) SMA Negeri 1 Dolok Batu Nanggar located in Serbelawan were surveyed using questionnaire. The data obtained was analyzed by employing the descriptive analysis technique using questionnaire distributed to students in the form of Google Form. The results showed that the students’ perception was positive and high in each perception aspects in the questionnaire given. They are attractiveness, perceived effectiveness, and relevancy aspects that obtained index score of 86%, 84%, and 85% or categorized as strongly agree response, and 77% for perceived motivation aspects or categorized as agree response. Based on the result obtained, this study can be concluded that the use of ICT in EFL learning is attractive, effective, and relevant to the English material students need to learn. It also motivates students to learn English more.
Indonesian Children English Development through Home And School Learning
Authors: Ratnadewi Dwijani
Published: January 2023

Learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL) starting at an early age is considered a better alternative than learning EFL at an older age. This study aims to examine the development of children's English capability especially in speaking after they have studied at home with Indonesian parents and at school with Indonesian teachers. This study is a longitudinal case study examining 2 children aged 80 and 52 months. The data were in the form of children's English utterances and were taken within 1-2 year intervals. The data were collected by recording their speech, interviewing both children and parents, and carrying out participant observations during data collection. Data analysis was performed using MLU (mean utterance length); UB (Upper Bound) or the number of morphemes of the longest utterance and Morpheme Acquisition (the types of morphemes acquired). The result is that in general they were able to converse in English, but they had different levels of MLU, UB, and Morpheme acquisition. This difference was ascribed to differences in the EFL intervention and learning experience. The first research subjects learned English with Direct Learning in courses and schools, she got her English in no time and her MLU was moderate. The second research subject experienced learning English from a very early age at home with his parents, his MLU was high.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE - SCIENCE FICTION AND LEGAL REALITY
Authors: Koos Stefan
Published: January 2023

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is being integrated into systems influencing decisions, analysing complex situations and conducting processes, which may be dangerous for humans. Yet AI is not strong enough to be able to feel or suffer and maybe it never will. However, the complexity of AI deciding will grow with the technical progress and it should be discussed, how far we are willing to integrate future AI systems into important social processes such as legal decisions or teaching. The article seeks to give an overview over constitutional problems of an integration of strong AI systems into social deciding processes. It analyses the ability of AI to have similar legal positions as natural persons and corporations in the light of the question, whether AI can be an agent for ethic. Furthermore, it presents options of a liability for damages caused by the activity of AI systems. The article is the paper of a presentation on the topic held by the author on October 25, 2018 at Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM).
Glifozinas en el tratamiento de la diabetes tipo 2: más allá de los beneficios en el control metabólico
Authors: Giler Avila Cristopher Aarón , Milian Hernández Eduardo Josué
Published: January 2023

Introducción: Las gliflozinas, son un grupo de fármacos fueron en un inicio desarrollados para el manejo de la diabetes mellitus por sus funciones hipoglucemiantes. Sin embargo, investigaciones recientes reportan beneficios frente a comorbilidades cardiovasculares. Objetivo: Describir la utilidad de las glifozinas en el tratamiento de la Diabetes tipo 2, no solo por sus beneficios en el control metabólico, si no por los alcances terapéuticos en la reducción del riesgo cardiorrenal. Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda en idioma español e inglés en distintas bases de datos como, Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Redalyc, y SciELO, con los descriptores Gliflozinas, Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 y Cardiometabolic Risk usando el booleano AND y OR encontrando 78 publicaciones y seleccionando 15 .Resultados: Se observaron beneficios más allá de reducir los valores de la glicemia con importante efecto cardionefroprotector en la ateroesclerosis, insuficiencia cardiaca, mortalidad cardiovascular y progresión a enfermedad renal. Conclusiones: La identificación de estos beneficios en los pacientes y su consecuente impacto en la mejora de la condición de vida y disminución del riesgo cardiovascular, son lo suficientemente   valiosos   como   para   ser considerados como parte de las opciones terapéuticas   a   brindar   por   parte   de   los servicios de salud públicos y privados
PEMBELAJARAN TEKS EKSPLANASI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI POWTOON SISWA KELAS XI IPA 1 SMAN 1 LEBONG
Authors: Dafa Yori Hayyan , Arifin Muhammad , Trianto Agus
Published: January 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana proses pembelajaran teks eksplanasi menggunakan aplikasi powtoon untuk siswa kelas XI IPA 1 SMA Negeri 1 Lebong. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif  dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMAN 1 Lebong dan Waktu penelitian akan dilaksanakan pada saat tahun ajaran baru pada bulan September Tahun 2021,  Data yang didapat dalam penelitian ini berupa data yang didapat dengan memberikan selembaran pertanyaan seputar powtoon dan sumber data dalam penelitian ini ada 2 yaitu, sumber data yaitu guru mata pelajaran bahasa indonesia SMA Negeri 1 Lebong dan 24 siswa kelas XI IPA 1 SMA Negeri 1 Lebong. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan interview (wawancara) dan dokumentasi.Teknik analisis Instrumen dalam penelitian ini ada dua yaitu pedoman wawancara dan pedoman dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data mengadaptasi dari Miles & Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pembelajaran teks eksplanasi dengan menggunakan media berbasis aplikasi powtoon siswa kelas XI IPA 1 SMA Negeri 1 sudah dilaksanakan sesuai dengan dengan kurikulum 2013, yaitu terdapat tahap pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang terdiri dari kegiatan pendahuluan, kegiatan inti, dan kegiatan penutup. Pada saat proses pembelajaran dengan menggunakan aplikasi powtoon ini siswa lebih tertarik memperhatikan dan menyimak materi pembelajaran yang ditampilkan dalam bentuk video animasi serta memiliki karakter yang bergerak dibandingkan dengan tanpa menggunakan aplikasi powtoon pembelajaran akan sangat monoton dan juga kurang menyenangkan, dengan adanya powtoon ini akan membuat guru menjadi kreatif dalam membuat materi pembelajaran menjadi semenarik mungkin agar membuat siswa senang dengan materi yang akan diajarkan sehingga akan membuat suasana belajar menjadi menyenangkan. Kemudian komponen pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang terdiri dari tujuan pembelajaran, alat dan bahan pembelajaran, model pembelajaran, sumber pembelajaran, dan evaluasi pembelajaran serta seluruh pelaksanaan pembelajaran sudah berjalan dengan baik.Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran, Teks Eksplanasi,  Aplikasi Powtoon,
GAYA HIDUP NONGKRONG MAHASISWA DI MALANG
Authors: Priyanti Widya Gusti , Sulismadi  , Kumalasari Luluk Dwi
Published: January 2023

Penelitian dengan judul “Gaya Hidup Nongkrong Mahasiswa di Malang” bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan memahami gaya hidup nongkrong mahasiswa dikota malang, dan untuk mengetahui kegiatan pengisi waktu kosong yang dilakukan mahasiswa dalam aktivitas bersantai di Kedai Kopi OR Traffic, Malang. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan bagaimana fenomena gaya hidup nongkrong mahasiswa di Malang. Saat ini dampak dari modernisasi pada mahasiswa dengan mudah dilihat dari kehidupan sehari-hari, terlihat pada perilaku mahasiswa yang dihadapkan pada gaya hidup yang condong pada konsumsi dan mengutamakan kesenangan semata. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian studi fenomenologi. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakna berupa observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Dalam menentukan subjek peneltian menggunakan purposive (secara sengaja), danmenganalisa data menggunakan teknik analisa data model Miles dan Huberman, kemudian menggunakan teori masyarakat konsumsi oleh Jeand Budrillard. Hasil penelitian ini menujukkan bahwa banyak mahasiswa melakukan nongkorng tampak dalam benaknya adalah sebuah tempat yang lagi nge-tren dan memiliki nilai prestise tersendiri.
Kata kunci : Modern, Nongkrong, Gaya hidup, Mahasiswa
Can Social Media-Style Fanfiction Stories Enrich Students’ Narrative Writing Mastery?
Authors: Hadi Muhuammad Sofian , Karyadi Aliya Nafisa
Published: January 2023

With the rise of pop culture, social media-style Fanfiction is a new style of fanfiction that are mostly read by students. However, students still find it hard to write narrative stories. This study is aimed at enhancing students’ narrative writing skills by employing social media-style Fanfiction stories as learning media. The design of the study is a pre-experimental design with one-group pre-test and post-test design. The samples of the study were 30 students from the eleventh grade of SMA Negeri 5 Depok. The data were collected using pre-test, treatment, and post-test and the data were calculated using a paired sample t-test to see the significant difference. Based on the data analysis, the findings showed that the students’ narrative writing skills were improved after using social media-style fanfiction as a learning media. In learning processes, students are involved in various writing activities such as practicing writing topic sentences, supporting sentences, and narrative features of narrative texts. It was proven with students’ writing achievement in the post-test. The score mean was increased from 66,58 to 81,04, and from the t-score it is -10,308 from t-table -2,045 which means that the hypothesis H1 is accepted. It can be concluded that the use of social media-style fanfiction story was able to enrich students’ narrative writing mastery at eleventh grade students.
CIRC Learning Model for Reading Comprehension of French Language
Authors: Al Adawiyah Aisyiah
Published: January 2023

Reading comprehension is a third language skill that must be mastered after speaking. What is expected of this skill is that learners can apply their understanding of the language to obtain information from reading. However, the reality found in the class shows that many learners complain about the difficulty of understanding sentences in a text, especially in the French language. This study aims to determine whether the CIRC model improves students' French reading comprehension before and after learning using the CIRC model. The use of the CIRC model for Reading Comprehension aims to improve the quality of students’ comprehension in obtaining French textual information. Its application to French reading comprehension is based on previous similar studies which state that this model is appropriate to be applied to improve reading comprehension skills. The research method of this study is a qualitative study with a classroom action research design. There were two cycles in this study, Cycle 1 was a research procedure before the CIRC model was applied and Cycle 2 was after the model was applied. Direct observations were made in the classroom during the RC learning process. Four learning steps that maximize individual abilities in group learning such as (1) the Planning phase, (2) the Implementation phase, (3) the Observation phase, and (4) the Reflection phase, produce a 5% increase in the value of the learning process. It is a certainty to apply this model for French reading comprehension to help learners understand a text well.
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Single Coronary Artery anomaly presenting with Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Krishna Jadhav Ajitkumar , Nalawade Digvijay Dilip , Wadhokar Pratik , Noguer Joaquim , Pikale Gauri S
Published: January 2023

Single coronary artery is a rare but potentially devastating anomaly. Most cases are asymptomatic and found incidentally in patients that undergo coronary angiography. Such patients are more prone to acute coronary syndrome if an atherosclerotic plaque develops at the origin of the coronary ostia. We report an interesting case of single coronary artery arising from the right coronary cusp with anomalous origin of the left anterior descending and left circumflex coronary arteries that was found incidentally while evaluating a patient with acute coronary syndrome.
Calming the Storm: Identifying Multi-Cytokine Inhibiting Drugs with Machine Learning for COVID-19 Induced Cytokine Storms
Authors: Hou James , Kouznetsova Valentina L , Tsigelny Igor F
Published: January 2023

In COVID-19, patients in severe condition often suffer from a major complication that leads to lung injury, ARDS and possibly death: the cytokine storm. The cytokine storm is composed of many cytokines, including IL-6, IL2, and TNF-? for COVID-19. To combat such effects, a cocktail of cytokine-inhibiting drugs are administered. However, a combination of drugs can be overly taxing upon the patient, thus creating the demand for a drug that targets multiple cytokines. This project identifies multi-cytokine inhibiting compounds from FDA-approved drugs with machine-learning methods. Many machine-learning algorithms were applied to the task and Support Vector Machines proved best with strong performances across all cytokines. Under the constraints of limited data (30–60 samples) for some cytokines, we significantly boosted modeling power and accuracy with the application of data dimension reduction technique, Principle Component Analysis. After exhaustive exploration, the FDAapproved hepatitis-C drug—glecaprevir—was identified with confidences of 80.52% for TNF-?, 99.04% for IL-2, and 98.23% for IL-6.
Sustainable management of natural resource potential of agriculture in Ukraine on the principles of the Rio Conventions
Authors: Tarariko O. , Syrotenko A. , Ilienko T. , Kuchma T.
Published: January 2023

The actuality of integration of Rio Convention provisions including Convention to Combat Desertification and land degradation into agrarian policy of Ukraine is analyzed. The current state of land resources using and factors of degradation processes of soil cover are characterized. It is shown their influence on agroecosystems productivity, risks of drought phenomena increasing and desertification processes. In the process of climate changes the torrential precipitation pattern and wind regime will increase, that under the conditions of sharp increasing of clean-cultivated crops areas, including corn, sunflower and soybean, will significantly reduce agrolandscapes resistance to drought, increase the risks of catastrophic manifestation of water-erosion processes and dust storms. All of this requires the development and implementation of more effective methods of land resources management, directed to the soil fertility reproduction and nature protection structure formation of agrolandscapes and land management systems. For the purpose of implementation measures concerning combat desertification, monitoring of degradation processes and informative-consultative support of landowners and land users it is proposed to create authoritative «State Service for land protection and soil fertility». It is shown that the current legal provision of land desertification and degradation in the present conditions is not a limiting factor, therefore requires improvement and further development, in particular concerning the protection and sustainable land use and soil fertility reproduction.
Biodiagnostics of soils in Transcarpathian agroecosystems
Authors: Symochko L.
Published: January 2023

The article deals with the methods of implementation soil biodiagnostics using modern agricultural technologies. As a result of experimental studies we have revealed an early diagnosis of soil parameters that indicates even minor adverse effects on the functioning of agro systems. These are sensabile indicators, which include the number and ratio of different ecological and trophic groups of soil microorganisms, species biodiversity. The second group of biodiagnostics indicators allows determining a significant adverse change in the soil agrogenic ecosystems. This group includes indicators of the functional state of the soil microbial community, primarily the enzymatic activity. The activity of soil enzymes of oxidoreductase and hydrolase class has a pronounced seasonal dynamics and depends on the kind of agricultural technologies.
Emission assessment of endogenous pollutants of the air from milk production farms
Authors: Zhukorskyi O. , Nykyforuk O. , Boltik N.
Published: January 2023

The hazardous influence of the dairy farm activities on the air has been analyzed. There have been calculated the odor pollutant emissions into the atmosphere from the dairy farms based on various technologies of the cows maintenance, their number and productivity. The approximate mass of these pollutant emissions and maintenance wastes have been defined by the calculating method. For these calculations there has been used the index of the quantity of the specific pollutant emissions into the atmosphere from 1 CWT of live weight with balanced feeding. The quantities of the specific emissions include the absorbtion of carbonyl compounds, carboxylic acids and amines, mercaptans and hydrogen sulfide and mercaptans transformation in dimethyl sulfide by the intestine microflora. The causes of odor pollutant creation have been analyzed. The largest contribution to the emission of pollutants from both animals and from their metabolic products is given by ammonia – 83%, the lowest by metantyol – 0.01%. It has been determined in the experiment that the pollutant emissions increase with the growth of the cows’ live weight, and they decrease with the growth of milk productivity per 1 kg of the produced milk.
Evaluating methodology of current state of entomofauna diversity of agricultural landscapes in Ukraine
Authors: Lisovyy M. , Borzyh O. , Vahalyuk L.
Published: January 2023

The range of estimates shows that reduction with strong entomological school, thorough systematization of species diversity of insects Ukraine has not yet been carried out, making it difficult to determine the state of biodiversity for ecological study of measures under the UN Convention. We believe that the assessment of agricultural landscapes is possible on entomofauna example reprezentative sample presented with constant and dominant species according to Entomological registers created in the last century. In order to better generalization of representative samples in the analytical research we grouped known advisable entomofauna of agricultural landscapes by major life forms, each of which requires adequate census methods, due to the peculiarities of each environmental group. The results of the analytical studies were drawn registers constant and dominant species of insects of agricultural landscapes steppes of Ukraine on life forms «heophyls» (heobionts, herpetobionts) and phytophyls (hortobionts, dendrobionts). Longterm studies of different faunal habitats of agricultural landscapes revealed the presence or absence of certain species of Entomological Meeting and compare existing species biodiversity literature data.
The influence of fertilization systems on agro-resource potential of agricultural crops increasing
Authors: Datsko M.
Published: January 2023

The article presents the results of studies the climatic factors changes in Left Bank Polissya of Chernihiv region (average annual air temperature and precipitation) for 10 years. It was found that during this period there was an increase in average annual air temperature by 0.4°C, and a decrease in the average annual rainfall by 35 mm. There was also established the influence of various fertilizer systems on increasing the capacity of agroresource crops. Our analysis showed that in the Left Bank Polissya organic fertilizer (manure 10 t/ha + NPK) helped to improve stress tolerance of crops (potatoes, oats, winter and spring wheat, winter rye) and increase their agroresource building, which is an important factor in contemporary climate change.
The condition of livestock industry in Poltava region
Authors: Palapa N. , Pron N. , Ustymenko O.
Published: January 2023

Article considers the problem of major livestock industries development in Poltava region, namely cattle farming, pig breeding, poultry raising and those that have spread in recent decades — horse breeding, beekeeping, fur farming, pondfish farming. It is shown in dynamics (1991–2013) the number of cattle, including cows and pigs, sheep and goats in the context of agricultural enterprises and households and all other categories of farms, that indicates about significant decrease in number of animals compared with 1991. It was found that sheep and goat population declined the most rapidly, especially in agricultural enterprises. During 1991–1996 the total number of the animals decreased in four times — to the level of 263.4 thousand heads, but on the contrary in household plots, inclusively to 2006 the number of them was higher than the population in 1991 and in 2013 totaled 37.8 thousand heads that is almost corresponding to the level in 1991 — 38.3 thousand heads. It is studied that despite the great potential of Ukraine in livestock development, namely presence of favorable natural and climatic, land and labor resources etc. this agricultural sector is characterized by a rather serious condition. In the context of global crisis, domestic animal husbandry requires even more effective government protection. Therefore, in our opinion, the detail analyze of cattle industry confirms that we have negative tendencies in livestock development: reduction of animal population, significant decrease of livestock productivity, deterioration of its quality, which, in turn, led to the deterioration of product quality and reduction of production, and hence — also the consumption of healthy food products.
The nitrogen balance calculation in poultry enterprises
Authors: Pinchuk V. , Tertуchna O. , Borodaі V. , Mineralov O.
Published: January 2023

On the example of the production cycle of only one chemical element we show a significant level and character of anthropogenic load on the environment from the production of poultry products. The basic approaches to the calculation of the balance of nitrogen in the example of 2 large poultry farms in Ukraine are analyzed. The basic sources of the income and losses of nitrogen in the production of poultry products at the enterprise level are given. The expediency of such a calculation in the context of sustainable development of enterprises and to minimize human impact on the environment are presented. It was found that under the landless production of poultry farming systems there are huge losses linked to the nitrogen by-products
Specific activity of 137Cs in pork depending on different doses of saponite in the ration
Authors: Savchuk I. , Kovalova S.
Published: January 2023

The concentration of 137Сs in products of pigs slaughter at their cultivation in ІІІ region of radioactive contamination owing to failure on CHАЕS fluctuated within 10.2–19.9 Bk/kg and did not exceed tolerance levels (DU-2006 =200 Bk/kg). Under the influence of a connatural mineral-sorbent saponite specific activity 137Сs in the longest muscle of a back of young growth ІІ, ІІІ and IV skilled bunches compared with control analogues, has dropped, accordingly, by 10.1%, 27.1% and 35.7%. The radionuclide storage coefficient in meat of gilts of skilled bunches was also less, than in control. The summer residence to feeding pigs saponite in number of 7% from mass of concentrated forages in ration has appeared to be the best as to indexes of sorption efficacy. Specific activity 137Сs in liver of animals ІІІ and IV bunches compared with control analogues was more by 2.0– 4.1 Bk/kg (14.6–29.9 %), whereas ІІ — it is less than bunch on 3.5 Bk/kg (25.6%). Accordingly and the radio caesium storage coefficient in liver of pigs of this bunch has appeared to be less by 0.05, and in animals ІІІ and ІV skilled — it is more than bunches by 0.01–0.04, than in control bunch.
PERAN HARTA PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI ISLAM DALAM ERA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Masyhudi Habib
Published: January 2023

Abstrak: Since the beginning of March 2020, Indonesia has faced a major epidemic that has haunted the world, namely the corona virus (covid-19) which of course has an impact on the global economy. This research was conducted with the aim of presenting the concept of wealth from an Islamic economic perspective and its role in the Covid-19 pandemic era. The results showed that the acquisition, management and use of assets must be in accordance with sharia. This concept indicates that there are binding rules in every human behaviour in treating his property. Because of in Islam, in the afterlife, people will be held accountable for their assets. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the principles and principles of sharia in empowering the assets owned. Furthermore, Islamic social finance has an important potential in overcoming the global socio-economic problems of the impact of covid-19. Indonesia as a country with the largest Muslim majority can maximize the potential of Islamic social funds. There are two main tasks that can be done to fight the Covid-19 pandemic, namely prevention and solution measures. Empowerment of Islamic social funds can be maximized to help people survive.Kata Kunci : Harta, Ekonomi Islam, Pandemi Covid-19
STUDI PUTUSAN HAKIM PADA PERKARA CERAI GUGAT NOMOR 474/Pdt.G/2020/PA.JS TERHADAP HAK NAFKAH IDDAH
Authors: Zahro Fatimatuz , Rohmah Salsabila Annisa
Published: January 2023

The Panel of Judges in deciding the case that the wife has the right of iddah (a period that must be lived by a woman after the death of her husband or after divorce, during which she cannot marry another man) for her claims against her husband. Therefore, to find out the reason for the non-provenance of nusyuz (a wife unreasonably refusing to comply with the wishes or orders of a legitimate husband) in obtaining the right to live iddah in the divorce law Number 474/Pdt.G/2020/PA.JS based on fiqh and UU Marriage Article 41 of 1974. This issue will be studied using a normative legal approach and a judge's decision study approach. The results of the analysis show that Decision Number 474/Pdt.G/2020/PA.JS concerning the issue of the right to live iddah in a divorce where the Panel of Judges carries out and decides various considerations in deciding the case: the ex-wife or plaintiff gets the right to live iddah from her ex-husband on the basis of considerations The law refers to Article 149 letter (b) of the KHI which basically states that if a marriage breaks up, the husband is obliged to provide a living. including food to eat and clothing to cover his wife's expenses during the period of iddah. Article 41 letter c of the Marriage Law states that the court can require the husband to provide maintenance or establish obligations for the wife.Â Keywords: Judge Consideration, Iddah Living , Divorce sue.
HUKUM WARIS ISLAM: SOLUSI AKHIR UNTUK KETIMPANGAN SOSIAL TERHADAP PEREMPUAN
Authors: Rohman Miftakur
Published: January 2023

When a person passes away, most of his rights, according to Islamic law, are given to his heirs and representatives. All property rights, usufructuary rights, and other collateral rights are included in this transferrable right. The Islamic system of inheritance features a broad distribution plan centered on a larger familial circle. The work that must be accomplished for each of the parts determines how they differ from one another. However, there is significant discrimination against the social roles of women. Therefore, a woman's inherited share becomes significant if she is granted the ability to use that portion.
Efectos de la Estimulación Acústica Personalizada en Pacientes con Tinnitus
Authors: Ocampo Carmen , Toro López Angela María , González Eslait Francisco Javier , Blanco Sarmiento Pedro
Published: January 2023

En el mundo se reportan más de 600 millones de personas que experimentan tinnitus. Aproximadamente 20% de las personas con tinnitus subjetivo permanente presentan incomodidad significativa, interviniendo negativamente en su calidad de vida, con inducción de estados depresivos. Existen diferentes estrategias de intervención para el manejo del tinnitus, entre ellas la estimulación acústica. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el impacto de la estimulación acústica pasiva en la severidad del tinnitus y en la calidad de vida de los pacientes con tinnitus subjetivo crónico mediante la Escala Visual Análoga(VAS)y el Inventario de Discapacidad del Tinnitus(THI).  Estudio descriptivo de cohorte histórico que incluyó a pacientes >18 años con tinnitus subjetivo crónico que recibieron manejo con estimulación acústica pasiva entre 2017-2018.  A los pacientes se les aplicó la VAS y el THI antes, durante y después del tratamiento. Se evidenciaron cambios significativos (p<0,05) entre las medianas en dos de los tres dominios del VAS y en todos los dominios pre y post tratamiento del THI. En las pruebas post hoc se encontraron diferencias (p<0.05) entre las medianas de los puntajes al inicio y a los tres meses y entre los puntajes al inicio y a los seis meses en todos los dominios y en el puntaje total de la escala THI. La estimulación acústica pasiva generó cambios en la discapacidad generada por el tinnitus. Se sugiere complementar los abordajes de tratamiento con estrategias que favorezcan también los mecanismos de memoria, atención y conciencia para aumentar la efectividad de las intervenciones.
Caracterización de resultados de posturografia en adolescentes con pérdida auditiva severa a profunda
Authors: Núñez Ramírez Andrés , Páez Pinilla Amanda Teresa , Grimaldos Franco Luz Yadira
Published: January 2023

Las pérdidas auditivas neurosensoriales severas a profundas en adolescentes pueden ir acompañadas de desórdenes vestibulares desapercibidos que impactan el desarrollo motor desde edades tempranas e influyen en el aprendizaje y el desempeño diario. La identificación temprana y el conocimiento sobre la neuromaduración vestibular pueden generar alternativas para mejorar el rendimiento académico. Objetivos: caracterizar el compromiso vestibular con los resultados de la posturografía en adolescentes con pérdida auditiva severa a profunda. Método: estudio en el paradigma cuantitativo, con técnica descriptiva, buscando posibles relaciones entre las variables estudiadas. Población: 38 adolescentes con pérdida auditiva severa a profunda, divididos en dos subgrupos por rango de edad: de 12 a 15 años y de 16 a 19 años. Resultados: los adolescentes mayores tuvieron un menor movimiento oscilatorio. Los estudiantes con antecedentes del desarrollo tienden a tener un desempeño inferior en la posturografía. En el logro académico, las áreas con mayores dificultades reportadas son pensamiento cuantitativo, lenguaje y comunicación. Discusión: Los antecedentes del desarrollo y la edad son importantes para el desarrollo de habilidades en el balance y el equilibrio. No se registraron relaciones directas entre la posturografía con bajo rendimiento académico. Conclusiones: A pesar de que no se demostró relación directa entre los resultados de la posturografía con los logros académicos, su caracterización sugiere efecto indirecto sobre el pensamiento cuantitativo, el lenguaje y comunicación. La integración de los sistemas sensoriomotores y cognitivos durante el desarrollo son clave para la neuromaduración y el desarrollo de habilidades.
A nanobody-based molecular toolkit for ubiquitin–proteasome system explores the main role of survivin subcellular localization
Authors: Miao Hui , Liu Chang , Ouyang Hao , Zhang Peiwen , Liu Yuping , Zhang Chen , Deng Changping , Fu Yunhui , Niu Jinping , Zheng Wenyun , You Fang , Yang Yi , Ma Xingyuan
Published: January 2023

Targeted protein degradation is a powerful tool for determining the function of specific proteins nowadays. Survivin is the smallest member of the inhibitor of the apoptosis protein (IAP) family. It exists in the cytoplasm and nucleus of cells, but the exact function of survivin in different subcellular locations retained unclear updates due to the lack of effective and simple technical means. In this study, we created a novel nanoantibody-based molecular toolkit, namely, the ubiquitin–proteasome system (Nb4A-Fc-T2A-TRIM21), that can target to degrade survivin localized in cytoplasmic and cell nuclear by ubiquitinating, and by which to verify the potential roles of survivin subcellular localization. Also, the results showed that the cytoplasmic survivin mainly plays an anti-apoptotic function by directly or indirectly inhibiting the caspase pathway, and the nuclear survivin mainly promotes cell proliferation and participates in the regulation of the cell cycle. In addition, the Nb4A-Fc-T2A-TRIM21 system can degrade the endogenous survivin protein in a large amount by the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway, and the system can provide theoretical support for ubiquitination degradation targeting other endogenous proteins.
The effect of Er3+ concentration on the kinetics of multiband upconversion in NaYF4:Yb/Er microcrystals
Authors: Huang Hanchang , Zhong Yanyi , Li Mingchen , Cui Wenda , Yu Tongcheng , Zhao Guomin , Xing Zhongyang , Guo Chuan , Han Kai
Published: January 2023

In Yb-Er co-doped upconversion (UC) nanomaterials, upconversion luminescence (UCL) can be modulated to generate multiband UCL emissions by changing the concentration of activator Er3+. Nonetheless, the effect of the Er3+ concentrations on the kinetics of these emissions is still unknown. We here study the single β-NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+ microcrystal (MC) doped with different Er3+ concentrations by nanosecond time-resolved spectroscopy. Interestingly, different Er3+ doping concentrations exhibit different UCL emission bands and UCL response rates. At low Er3+ doping concentrations (1 mol%), multiband emission in β-NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+ (20/1 mol%) MCs could not be observed and the response rate of UCL was slow (5–10 μs) in β-NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+. Increasing the Er3+ doping concentration to 10 mol% can shorten the distance between Yb3+ ions and Er3+ ions, which promotes the energy transfer between them. β-NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+ (20/10 mol%) can achieve obvious multiband UCL and a quick response rate (0.3 µs). However, a further increase in the Er doping concentration (80 mol%) makes MCs limited by the CR process and cannot achieve the four-photon UC process (4F5/2 → 2K13/2 and 2H9/2 → 2D5/2). Therefore, the result shows that changing the Er3+ doping concentration could control the energy flow between the different energy levels in Er3+, which could affect the response time and UCL emission of the Yb/Er doped rare earth materials. Our work can facilitate the development of fast-response optoelectronics, optical-sensing, and display industries.
Assessment of the impact of intravenous antibiotics treatment on gut microbiota in patients: Clinical data from pre-and post-cardiac surgery
Authors: Xue Ling , Ding Yinglong , Qin Qiong , Liu Linsheng , Ding Xiaoliang , Zhou Yi , Liu Kun , Singla Rajeev K. , Shen Ke , Din Ahmad Ud , Zhang Yan , Shen Zhenya , Shen Bairong , Miao Liyan
Published: January 2023

Background and aims

Surgical site infection is a common complication after surgery. Periprocedural antibiotics are necessary to prescribe for preventing or treating infections. The present study aimed to explore the effect of intravenous antibiotics on gut microbiota and menaquinone biosynthesis in patients, especially in elderly patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Methods

A total of 388 fecal samples were collected from 154 cardiac surgery patients. The V3–V4 hypervariable region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced on a MiSeq PE300. The gut microbiota diversity of samples was analyzed in terms of α- and β-diversity at the OTU level. The different groups were classified according to antibiotics in combinations and single antibiotics. PICRUSt2 was used for preliminary prediction of the gut microbiota function for menaquinone biosynthesis.

Results

The intravenously administered antibiotics which are excreted via bile represents the main antibiotics that could disturb the gut microbiota’s composition in cardiac surgery patients, especially for elderly patients. The effect of antibiotics on gut microbiota is produced after antibiotics treatments over one week. The recovery of gut microbiota to the state of pre-antibiotics may require over two weeks of antibiotics withdrawal. Sex factor doesn’t represent as an influencer in gut microbiota composition. Long-term use of cefoperazone-sulbactam may affect coagulation function.

Conclusions

The composition of the gut microbiota had a significant change post-intravenous antibiotics treatment in cardiac surgery patients. The richness and diversity of gut microbiota are increased in elderly patients.
Excessive neutrophil extracellular trap formation induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide exacerbates inflammatory responses in high glucose microenvironment
Authors: Tong Yue , Xin Yue , Fu Lanqing , Shi Jia , Sun Ying
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) is a novel defense strategy of neutrophils and found to be induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or high glucose. The aim of this study was to investigate the roles and mechanisms of NET formation in high glucose inflammatory microenvironment.

Methods

NETs induced by 1 μg/ml P. gingivalis LPS and/or 25 mM glucose were visualized using a fluorescence microscopy and the levels of extracellular DNA were determined by a microplate reader. The bactericidal efficiency of NETs was assessed by quantifying the survival P. gingivalis in neutrophils. The levels of NLRP3 and IL-1β in THP-1 derived-macrophages, and the expressions of p-PKC βII, p-MEK1/2, p-ERK1/2, ORAI1 and ORAI2 in neutrophils were detected by Western blot. Moreover, levels of intracellular Ca2+ and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in neutrophils were explored by flow cytometry.

Results

P. gingivalis LPS enhanced the formation of NETs and increased the levels of extracellular DNA in high glucose microenvironment (p < 0.05). Compared with normal glucose inflammatory microenvironment, quantities of extra- and intracellular viable P. gingivalis in neutrophils exposed to NETs induced in high glucose inflammatory one were increased (p < 0.05) and the expressions of NLRP3 and IL-1β were dramatically increased in macrophages co-cultured with NETs from high glucose inflammatory microenvironment (p < 0.05). In addition, levels of ROS, intracellular Ca2+, p-PKC βII, p-MEK1/2, p-ERK1/2, ORAI1 and ORAI2 were increased in neutrophils stimulated with both high glucose and P. gingivalis LPS compared with the single stimulus groups (p < 0.05).

Discussion

In high glucose inflammatory microenvironment, formation of NETs was enhanced via oxidative stress, which failed to reverse the decreased bactericidal capacity in high glucose microenvironment, and instead aggravated the subsequent inflammatory responses.
A simple non-invasive method to collect soft tick saliva reveals differences in Ornithodoros moubata saliva composition between ticks infected and uninfected with Borrelia duttonii spirochetes
Authors: Filatov Serhii , Dyčka Filip , Sterba Jan , Rego Ryan O.M.
Published: January 2023

Introduction: We developed a new simple method to assess the composition of proteinaceous components in the saliva of Ornithodoros moubata, the main vehicle for pathogen transmission and a likely source of bioactive molecules acting at the tick-vertebrate host interface. To collect naturally expectorated saliva from the ticks we employed an artificial membrane feeding technique using a simple, chemically defined diet containing phagostimulants and submitted native saliva samples collected in this way for liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. These experiments were conducted with groups of uninfected ticks as well as with O. moubata infected with B. duttonii. The ticks exhibited a fair feeding response to the tested diet with engorgement rates reaching as high as 60-100% of ticks per feeding chamber. The LC-MS analysis identified a total of 17 and 15 proteins in saliva samples from the uninfected and infected O. moubata nymphs, respectively. Importantly, the analysis was sensitive enough to detect up to 9 different proteins in the samples of saliva containing diet upon which as few as 6 nymphal ticks fed during the experiments. Some of the proteins recognized in the analysis are well known for their immunomodulatory activity in a vertebrate host, whereas others are primarily thought of as structural or “housekeeping” proteins and their finding in the naturally expectorated tick saliva confirms that they can be secreted and might serve some functions at the tick-host interface. Most notably, some of the proteins that have long been suspected for their importance in the vector-pathogen interactions of Borrelia spirochetes were detected only in the samples from infected ticks, suggesting that their expression was altered by the persistent colonization of the tick’s salivary glands by spirochetes. The simple method described herein is an important addition to the toolbox available to study the vector-host-pathogen interactions in the rapidly feeding soft ticks.
Stress CMR T1-mapping technique for assessment of coronary microvascular dysfunction in a rabbit model of type II diabetes mellitus: Validation against histopathologic changes
Authors: Ma Peisong , Liu Juan , Hu Yurou , Chen Lin , Liang Hongqin , Zhou Xiaoyue , Shang Yongning , Wang Jian
Published: January 2023

Background

Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is an early character of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and is indicative of adverse events. The present study aimed to validate the performance of the stress T1 mapping technique on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) for identifying CMD from a histopathologic perspective and to establish the time course of CMD-related parameters in a rabbit model of T2DM.

Methods

New Zealand white rabbits (n = 30) were randomly divided into a control (n = 8), T2DM 5-week (n = 6), T2DM 10-week (n = 9), and T2DM 15-week (n = 7) groups. The CMR protocol included rest and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) stress T1-mapping imaging using the 5b(20b)3b-modified look-locker inversion-recovery (MOLLI) schema to quantify stress T1 response (stress ΔT1), and first-pass perfusion CMR to quantify myocardial perfusion reserve index (MPRI). After the CMR imaging, myocardial tissue was subjected to hematoxylin-eosin staining to evaluate pathological changes, Masson trichrome staining to measure collagen volume fraction (CVF), and CD31 staining to measure microvascular density (MVD). The associations between CMR parameters and pathological findings were determined using Pearson correlation analysis.

Results

The stress ΔT1 values were 6.21 ± 0.59%, 4.88 ± 0.49%, 3.80 ± 0.40%, and 3.06 ± 0.54% in the control, T2DM 5-week, 10-week, and 15-week groups, respectively (p < 0.001) and were progressively weakened with longer duration of T2DM. Furthermore, a significant correlation was demonstrated between the stress ΔT1 vs. CVF and MVD (r = −0.562 and 0.886, respectively; p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The stress T1 response correlated well with the histopathologic measures in T2DM rabbits, indicating that it may serve as a sensitive CMD-related indicator in early T2DM.
Fractional creep model and experimental study of unsaturated silty clay in Fuyang
Authors: Wu Daguo , Chen Guangyao , Xia Zhenzhao , Peng Jianhe , Mao Jingyin
Published: January 2023

Due to the long-term overdraft of groundwater in Fuyang, silty clay in this area has been in an unsaturated state for a long time, which caused ground subsidence and threatened the safety of engineering construction. Creep is an important part of ground subsidence, but it is easily ignored in ground subsidence caused by groundwater overdraft. Therefore, in order to explore the creep behavior in this environment, a series of triaxial creep tests of unsaturated soil were conducted to research the effects of deviator stress, matrix suction and net confining pressure on creep. Then, based on analysis results of the geometric characteristics of the test creep curves, an improved fractional order Nishihara model of unsaturated soil under triaxial stress conditions was constructed by using fractional calculus theory. Finally, the effectiveness of improved fractional order Nishihara model was verified based on cooperation search algorithm and minimum mean square error principle. The simulation results show that the fitting curves of improved fractional order Nishihara model are in good agreement with the test curves, and it is feasible and effective to describe the creep characteristics of unsaturated silty clay in Fuyang.