bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Higher education in the crisis period: A comparative analysis of the Ukrainian experience of online or blended TEFL during the pandemic and the war
Authors: Baklazhenko Yuliia , Kornieva Zoia
Published: May 2023

The article is dedicated to the problem of teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL) in higher education during the crisis period by an example of a Ukrainian experience of teaching during the pandemic and the war. In the beginning, the research focused only on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the TEFL at tertiary schools in Ukraine. However, after the outbreak of the war on the territory of Ukraine on 24th February 2022, it became clear that the experience could be extrapolated to the conditions of other crises, in particular, to the conditions of armed aggression. This article uses mixed quantitative and qualitative comparative methods to analyze the survey results of educators' attitudes toward online and blended learning. The blind questionnaire was held in May 2021 and then repeated in February 2023. The participants (n=70, n = 69) were representatives of about 50 higher education institutions (HEI) from all over Ukraine. The research is a case study with context-dependent knowledge; however, it may be with some reservations relevant to other countries under similar conditions. The instrument included 10 questions related to the participant's previous experience of online teaching, reflections on the most difficult elements of online teaching, advantages and disadvantages of online teaching, and types of learning activities that can easily be adapted and transferred into online mode of learning. The questionnaire also covers the role of a teacher in online learning, the overall assessment of the experience of online learning and preferences of the mode of teaching which the teachers would like to preserve. The structure of the questionnaire included 4 multiple-choice single-answer questions and 6 multiple-choice multiple-answer questions. Answers from the two polls of respondents were then compared using Fisher's correlation coefficient to prove the statistical significance of the received data. The results of the questionnaire have shown that the majority of participants (61 %; 42%) think that implementation of blended learning is the best option to use in the universities, thus presenting a need to the higher education system of Ukraine to develop and introduce blended learning curricula.
Competence-based approach in the training of future specialists in arts and humanities
Authors: Kundahbayeva Assel , Noda Larissa , Astemes Gulim , Lozhnikova Olga , Eskhuatova Nazym
Published: May 2023

The evolution of the concept of "competence" in education, in particular in the field of language didactics, was reflected in the works of linguists and sociolinguists of the late twentieth century, for example, considered the ability to speak a language is a feature of the human brain, part of an innate genetic program. In this sense, competence is something that a subject can perfectly embody by giving his biological potential. The competence is unique and independent. Linguistic competence means an innate universal linguistic predisposition, an ideal internal ability that ultimately explains any linguistic phenomenon put into action. The method of questionnaire survey was used to study the features of philologists working in the education system, namely in secondary schools, lyceums, preschool educational institutions, colleges in Almaty.
Medical Italian language: application of terminology and specific didactic materials in the teaching process
Authors: Piri Sonila , Haxhillazi Adrian
Published: May 2023

The article dwells upon issues of the last years faced in the teaching of the Italian medical language for specific purposes (LSP) in Albanian universities. The main issue is related to the role of the lecturer of a specific language course, the competencies it requires and difficulties arising from the medical terminology. In this sense, the specifics of the creation and composition of specific terminology are initially treated, in general, as specialization, metaphorizing, neology etc., as well as the characteristics of the Italian medical terminology in particular. Furthermore, the article deals with the specifics of the role of teachers in this field, the problems that may be encountered in the didactic process, what competencies they should possess and which methodology should be put in place. In order to develop a useful teaching process and with the aim of strengthening the specific competencies required for the LSP students, an innovative didactic unit has been elaborated with Italian language materials, whereby relevant exercises for creating the medical words are additionally suggested to enhance the competence of independent learning throughout life.
The effects of strategic instruction on self-regulated language learning
Authors: Przybył Jakub
Published: May 2023

The paper discusses the effects of strategy instruction on language learners’ self-regulation across its stages of planning, monitoring, control, and reflection. According to the results of the reported study, based on data from 61 students of applied linguistics majoring in English and German, strategic instruction contributed to significant improvements in self-regulation throughout all its stages. At the same time, no statistically significant differences in self-regulation levels were detected across groups of language learners varying in terms of attainment or learning experience, which supports the rationale for implementing strategy instruction at linguistic faculties.
"My class is mine, and I do it my way", empowering EFL teachers through theorizing practice
Authors: Setiawan Slamet , Suprapto  , Sarmini  , Munir Ahmad , Weda Sukardi
Published: May 2023

Post-method pedagogy is often seen as an effective way to help EFL teachers develop their theory of practice. This paper investigated the name of personal practice theory used by EFL teachers, the underlying reasons for using personal practice theory, teachers' perceptions of using personal practice theory, and the implications that may be made from using personal practice theory. This study involved 36 (thirty-six) English teachers teaching at different levels of education in several cities in East Java, Indonesia. This study used qualitative research that helped the researchers to cover a deeper understanding of the data. Furthermore, the researchers gained the data by conducting an open-ended questionnaire through a Google form. The results revealed four main points; 1) most English teachers recognize their theories and label their theories, but some of them theorize their practice, but they use flexible methods; 2) the adoption of the personal theory was justified based on needs, ease of learning, heterogeneous classes, students' abilities, producing enjoyable learning, familiarizing students with good English, and improvement, 3) the majority of teachers had positive views on the use of personal practice theory, like students are easier to comprehend learning materials, and 4) the use of personal practice theory had a positive effect on a variety of student outcomes. This study might contribute to the English language teaching field that theorizing practice is essential to establishing a meaningful learning environment. Finally, this study suggests that English teachers should reflect on their practice in creating their theory to improve their professional growth.
Effectiveness of the semiotic strategy of teaching English in developing reading comprehension skills
Authors: Ghaleb Maabreh Hatem , Mikhailovna Dugalich Natalia , Viktorovna Lazareva Olesya , Alexandrovna Kadilina Olga , Thazretalievna Shavtikova Aurika
Published: May 2023

This study aimed at finding out the effectiveness of the semiotic strategy in English language in developing reading comprehension skills among the basic stage students. The quasi-experimental design was used in this study by choosing randomly two groups control group which studied by using the traditional way and experimental group which studied by using the semiotic strategy, the study sample was chosen intentionally from the tenth-grade students from Bent Addi Secondary School belonging to Al Jamea’a Directorate in Amman. The number of students in the total sample was 59 students who were distributed to 29 students for the experimental group, and 30 students for the control group. To achieve the study objectives was developed is reading comprehension skills test. Also, the researcher verified the validity and the reliability of the test.
Innovative methods in teaching writing in English
Authors: Moldabayeva Karlygash , Odanova Sagina , Nurmuhametova Karlygash , Bekbossynova Assiya , Shakhmetova Nazira
Published: May 2023

The study was undertaken with the help of the following methods of research: analysis of the theoretical and methodical literature, questionnaires, conversations with teachers, analysis of written works of students. Students' written works contain the following shortcomings: incomplete disclosure of the topic; inability to formulate the main idea, to argue their thoughts, to ensure intra-textual coherence, to formalize the text structurally and logically correctly, to divide it into paragraphs, to self-edit the text; failure to comply with the required level of formality. The results of questionnaires, conversations with teachers, analysis of written works of students shows a low level of proficiency in written speech of the respondents.
Research in teaching communication based on project technology in different stages of professionalization
Authors: Baltabayev Nurlan , Toxanbayeva Nurgul , Yessengabylov Ilyas , Akhmetova Aiymgul , Karatayeva Sonayim
Published: May 2023

The reform of education and the introduction of new pedagogical technologies into the practice of teaching should be considered as the most important conditions for the student's intellectual, creative and moral development. The development becomes the key word of the pedagogical process, the essential, deep concept of learning. The article highlights one of the modern methods of teaching a foreign language, the project method. The methodology presents a typology of projects that distinguishes projects by type of activity, by the principle of the subject-content area of the project, by the nature of coordination, by the nature of contacts, by the number of participants, and by the duration of the event. The project method allows you to create a research-creative atmosphere in a foreign language lesson, where each student is involved in an active cognitive process based on the methodology of cooperation. By the project method, we mean a comprehensive teaching method that enables students to exercise independence in planning, organizing and controlling their activities. This method provides personality-oriented education, making it possible to study the practice of life through a foreign language in a real information space. This article presents the main requirements and recommendations for the organization of project work and the advantages and disadvantages of the method that must be considered in the educational process. This article considers the project method as one of the most effective methods of teaching a foreign language since it contributes to developing various abilities, skills, and general educational and professional competencies that are significant for a modern specialist.
Writing an argumentative essay: the use of meta-discursive didactic sequences to improve students' skills
Authors: Umirzakova Zaure , Akhmetova Leysan , Saenko Natalya , Barakhanova Natalia
Published: May 2023

The study purpose is to explore how the application of a meta-discursive didactic sequence organizes and schematizes the development and writing of an argumentative essay. In the course of the study, a corpus of argumentative essays (90 works) written in English by 4th-year students of technical specialties of the Technical Institute (branch) of the North-Eastern Federal University named after M.K. Amosov (n = 45), Moscow Polytechnic University (n = 45) and the University of International Business (Almaty, the Republic of Kazakhstan) (n = 45) was considered. The observation lasted 13 weeks and consisted of three stages. According to the research results, 71.1% of students from the Technical Institute (branch) of NEFU correctly used the essay superstructure, 57.7% – macrostructure, and 42.2% – microstructure. It was found that the learning strategies focused on the meta-discursive approach are better developed among bilingual students. At the same time, monolingual students from Moscow Polytechnic University showed the following results: 28.8% – mastered the superstructure of writing an argumentative essay, 35.5% – macrostructure, and 46.6% – microstructure. Further research will be aimed at separating these categories and a step-by-step analysis of the process of argumentative essay writing following a meta-discursive sequence. The study limitations were manifested in the bilingualism of one category of students and the monolingualism of the other, which significantly affects the outcome of the data obtained.
The Effect of Iron Replacement on Cognitive Functions in Reproductive Women with Iron Deficiency
Authors: BERKMAN Şükran , SUVAK Özlem
Published: May 2023

Objectives: Iron plays key roles in brain development including neurogenesis, myelination, synaptic development, energy and neurotransmitter metabolism as well as normal brain functioning. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of iron replacement on cognitive functions in women with iron deficiency.

Methods: An intervention study was conducted in 165 women aged 15-49 years with low iron levels (ID;hemoglobin >12 gr/dl, ferritin
SANEAMENTO E CONDIÇÕES SOCIOECONÔMICAS DE BACIAS HIDROGRÁFICAS: UM ESTUDO DE CASO NA REGIÃO METROPOLITANA DE BELÉM-PA / SANITATION AND SOCIOECONOMIC WATERSHEDS CONDITIONS: A CASE STUDY IN THE METROPOLITAN REGION OF BELÉM-PA
Authors: Lima Paungartten Sâmella Patrícia , Leão Bordalo Carlos Alexandre , Meiguins de Lima Aline Maria
Published: May 2023

O retrato das condições socioeconômicas e de saneamento da população residente em uma determinada bacia hidrográfica compreende uma das vertentes mais inovadoras de análise pois contempla a compreensão dosantrópicos no comportamento dos sistema hídricos. Uma maior densidade domiciliar, por exemplo, contribuem para o aumento das áreas  impermeabilizadas dificultando a infiltração e interferindo no aumento do volume e velocidade de escoamento superficial. Assim, a concentração de domicílios tem relação direta com a densidade demográfica e com a maior atividade antrópica na área, interferindo no equilíbrio do sistema da baciahidrográfica. Dentro desta perspectiva, este artigo tem por objetivo tratar das condições socioeconômicas e de saneamento da bacia hidrográfica de Benfica e suas principais repercussões para o planejamento e gerenciamento desta unidade. Metodologicamente está baseado no Censo Demográfico de 2010, realizado pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), cujos resultados e análises demonstram ameaça aqualidade ambiental da bacia hidrográfica mediante a condições socioeconômicas adversas e saneamento básico deficiente.
Język i ontologia w "Kratylosie"
Authors: Kahn Charles H.
Published: May 2023

What is new in Ch. H. Kahn reinterpretation of Plato's "Cratylus" is the way he considers its main problem: the question of correctness of names. In traditional approach there are two opposite theses: 1) names are conventional; 2) names are regarded as natural. Kahn, however, maintains that Plato is in fact concerned with a quite different pair of questions. The first one is the sign relation of the language and its role in the communication. The other is the sense and the role of the study of names as a means for investigating the nature of things.
Correlation between Fall Dormancy and Production Performance of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa)
Authors: Wang Xiaolong , Zhong Peng , Yang Zhao , Xu Yanxia , Chai Hua , Li Shasha , Lai Yongcai
Published: May 2023

Background: Selection for fall dormancy (FD) in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) can impact other traits, including dry matter yield (DMY), winter survival rate (WSR) and nutrient compositions. The current study was aimed to screen alfalfa varieties with greater yield, good quality and strong winter survival ability and thus are more suitable for planting in Heilongjiang, China and may be suitable for similar upper-latitude semiarid environments in the world. Methods: Eight alfalfa varieties (Zhaodong, Gongnong No. 2, Caribou, Gold Empress, Adrenalin, Sanditi, Sardi and WL525) were planted in regional test based on randomized block design and mowed during the early flowering stage from 2019 to 2021. The DMY, WSR and nutrient compositions were measured by weighing method, field investigation and chemical test, respectively. Result: There was a significant negative correlation (P less than 0.01) between the FD rating and WSR, with a correlation coefficient of 0.956. The three-year average DMY of Gongnong No. 2 was the greatest (12,745.65 kg ha-1) and there was a significant negative correlation (0.766, P less than 0.01) between the FD rating and DMY. The crude protein content of Gongnong No. 2 was greater (19.29%) than the other varieties. The Zhaodong had the least neutral detergent fiber (47.76%) and acid detergent fiber (30.79%).
Return Saham di Tinjau dari Profitabilitas
Authors: Rosyada Rosyada
Published: May 2023

ABSTRAK

This study aims to determine the impact of profitability on stock returns in companies listed on the Jakarta Islamic Index 70 proxied by stock returns. The total population of companies listed on the JII during the study period was 70 companies. The sempel retrieval technique in this research is purposive sampling and 17 companies are obtained as sempel for this study. The analysis technique used to analyze the data is multiple linear regression with a significant level of 5% and hypothesis testing using the t test and F test. The results of this study indicate that the ROA variable affects stock returns with a t value of 2.853> t table 2.01410 and a significance value of 0.007 <0.05. The EPS variable has no effect on stock returns with a t value of 0.047 < t table 2.01410 with a significance value of 0.963 > 0.05. Then simultaneously the ROA and EPS variables affect stock returns with a calculated F value of 4.286> Ftable 3.21 and a significance of 0.020 <0.05. The conclusion shows that simultaneously the ROA and EPS variables have an influence on stock returns, while partially only the ROA variable has an influence on stock returns.
Development and Validation of an Inventory to Evaluate Teaching Strategies for Promoting Higher-Order Thinking Skills in the Teaching of Islamic Education
Authors: Ghazali Nor Hasnida Che MD , Rabi Norfishah Mat , Wahab Norwaliza Abdul , Rohaizad Nor Aizal Akmal
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study is to develop and assess the validity and reliability of an inventory on teaching strategies involved in promoting HOTs as well as to identify the most and the least popular teaching strategies used. The inventory is adapted from Gulistan et al. (2016). It is in the form of questionnaire distributed to a sample of 220 primary school teachers teaching Islamic education subject. The content validity is assessed by the experts and the construct validity is measured by Exploratory Factor Analysis. The reliability of the instrument is measured using internal consistence reliability, which is alpha coefficient reliability or Cronbach Alpha. Results of exploratory factor analysis suggested that 5 items need to be removed due to their non-dimensionality as they have more or less equal loadings on several factors. The instrument developed yielded high values of internal consistency as reflected by the Cronbach alpha values. Thus, the final draft of the instrument contains 26 items which are valid and reliable.  Even though the validity and reliability of the instrument are within the acceptable range, more data need to be gathered using a bigger sample size, and further analysis using confirmatory factor analysis could be used to explore deeper into the psychometric characteristics of the items before the instrument can be finalized. Furthermore, the findings of the study indicated that the most popular strategy used among teachers teaching Islamic education was the strategy for acquiring knowledge which introduces students more on memorizing basic concepts, while the least used strategy was the higher cognitive skills teaching strategies such as problem solving, collaborative learning and inquiry strategies.
Sosyal Bilgiler Dersi Öğretim Programı ve Ders Kitaplarında Dezavantajlı Gruplar
Authors: DEMİREZEN Serpil , KAYA Esra
Published: May 2023

Bu araştırmada Sosyal Bilgiler Dersi Öğretim Programı (MEB, 2018) ve Sosyal Bilgiler ders kitaplarının dezavantajlı gruplar açısından incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmada öncelikle dezavantajlı grup kavramı literatüre dayalı olarak incelenerek kapsamı belirlenmiş, ardından Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretim Programı ve 4.5.6.7. sınıf Sosyal Bilgiler ders kitapları taranarak dezavantajlı grupların nasıl ele alındığı incelenmiştir. Nitel araştırma yaklaşımının benimsendiği araştırmada veriler, doküman analizi tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler, betimsel analiz ile çözümlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde; Sosyal Bilgiler Dersi Öğretim Programında dezavantajlı gruplara doğrudan yer verilmediği ancak bireysel farklılıklar, çocuk hakları, temel hak ve özgürlükler, farklılıklara saygı ve toplumsal birliktelik ile ilgili kazanımların ve açıklamaların dezavantajlı gruplar ile ilişkilendirilebileceği tespit edilmiştir. Araştırmada 4.5.6. ve 7. sınıf ders kitaplarında Birey ve Toplum, Etkin Vatandaşlık ve Küresel Bağlantılar öğrenme alanlarında örnek metinler ve görseller yoluyla dezavantajlı gruplara yer verildiği tespit edilmiştir. Sosyal bilgiler ders kitaplarında en çok ele alınan dezavantajlı gruplar çocuklar ve mültecilerdir. Araştırma sonuçlarından hareketle, öğrencilerin toplumsal birliktelik ve farklılıklara saygı konusunda dezavantajlı gruplara yönelik farkındalıklarının oluşabilmesi açısından Sosyal Bilgiler Dersi Öğretim Programında ve ders kitaplarının içeriğinde dezavantajlı gruplara ilişkin daha net ve somut açıklamaların yer alması önerilebilir.
Análise metodológica em paisagem sonora urbana
Authors: Ferreira Lucas Rafael , Meller Gabriela , Lourenço Willian Magalhães de , Griogoletti Giane de Campos
Published: May 2023

A paisagem sonora é intrínseca a diversos fatores que podem influenciar a qualidade do ambiente urbano, como a exposição ao ruído, que pode afetar a saúde humana. A quantidade de fontes sonoras vem crescendo devido ao aumento populacional das cidades, o que torna importante a análise da percepção humana dos ruídos cotidianos. O objetivo desta pesquisa é identificar e analisar o estado da arte sobre estudos com foco na paisagem sonora urbana, no contexto nacional e internacional, e contribuir com a sistematização do conhecimento científico sobre o tema. A metodologia da revisão sistemática da literatura (RSL) foi realizada de acordo com o Protocolo Kitchenham e Charters. Os artigos compilados apresentaram diferentes abordagens metodológicas, sendo que a maioria dos estudos analisados utiliza tanto métodos de levantamento de dados objetivos quanto subjetivos. Como parâmetros objetivos, os níveis de pressão sonora, mais especificamente, o descritor LAeq, é o mais utilizado. Considerando a abordagem subjetiva, observou-se que o uso de questionários, levantamentos fotográficos e gravações de vídeos e áudio são amplamente empregados. Também foi possível constatar que estudos em microescala são mais implementados por apresentarem maior acurácia dos resultados.
Exploring the merits of five-factor investing: A critical literature review
Authors: Enow Samuel Tabot
Published: May 2023

The dynamics of investing in stock markets have changed considerably over the past twenty years. The value and growth investing concept has drawn much attention and continues to dominate portfolio management. Factor investing is an approach that aims at quantifying particular characteristics through matrixes of quality, value, momentum, and growth to improve the returns of a portfolio. Although the three-factor style of investing has gained widespread acceptance, the five-factor continues to be a source of disagreement among academics and industry practitioners. This study aimed to review the merits of five-factor investing critically. A critical literature review was used to review prior literature. The narratives from the literature reveal that the five-factor investing style will result in multiple sources of expected return. Hence, using five factors in portfolio formation has merits and will significantly improve the returns and most likely outperform the market portfolio. Factor premiums have proven to be drivers of asset return. Therefore, market participants and investment managers can intentionally assume additional exposures to deliver superior risk-adjusted returns compared to the market with the five-factor investing style. According to the author's knowledge, this is the first study to objectively analyze the literature on five-factor investing and propose that active managers can earn positive alphas on a risk-adjusted basis through factor exposures.
The effect of green organizational culture, green transformational leadership, and job satisfaction on organizational citizenship behavior: the role of mediating organizational commitment
Authors: Novita Nurfitriyana  , Muafi Muafi
Published: May 2023

This study explores the relationship between organizational commitment and specific aspects of green human resources management to organizational citizenship behaviour. In its implementation, it explores green human resources management at the Ministry of Environment and Forestry as an institution directly related to macro and micro environmental conservation. This study uses quantitative methods, using SEM-PLS. The results of this study: (1) There is no significant effect of the Green Organizational Culture construct on Organizational Commitment. (2) The Green Organizational Culture construct has no significant effect on Organizational Citizenship Behavior. (3) Green Transformational Leadership construct has no significant effect on Organizational Commitment. (4) Green Transformational Leadership constructs have no significant effect on Organizational Commitment. (5) There is a significant effect of the Job Satisfaction construct on Organizational Commitment. (6) There is no significant effect of the Job Satisfaction construct on Organizational Citizenship Behavior. (7) The Organizational commitment construct has no significant effect on Organizational Citizenship Behavior. (8) The Green Transformational Leadership construct has no significant effect on Organizational Citizenship Behavior. (9) There is no significant effect of Job Satisfaction constructs on Organizational Citizenship Behavior through Organizational Commitment. (10) Green Organization Culture constructs have no significant effect on Organizational Citizenship Behavior through Organizational Commitment.
Photocatalytic Biohydrogen Production Using ZnO from Aqueous Glycerol Solution with Aid of Simultaneous Cu Deposition
Authors: Suhag Mahmudul Hassan , Tateishi Ikki , Furukawa Mai , Katsumata Hideyuki , Khatun Aklima , Kaneco Satoshi
Published: May 2023

The photocatalytic biohydrogen generation using ZnO with the aid of simultaneous deposition of copper from an aqueous biomass-derivative glycerol solution was investigated. The effects of concentration of glycerol solution, Cu ion concentration and reaction temperature on biohydrogen generation were investigated. The photocatalytic biohydrogen production rate increased with increasing the concentration of aqueous glycerol solution, and the observed data could be fitted to the Langmuire-Hinshelwood kinetic models. The photocatalytic H2 production efficiency with ZnO could be significantly improved by simultaneous Cu deposition. The photocatalytic biohydrogen production rate was dependent on temperature, and increased with the increasing temperature. The possible mechanisms for oxidation of glycerol solution and photocatalytic hydrogen generation were proposed.
Decree-Law 54/2018: Perspectives of Early Childhood Educators on Inclusion in Preschool Education
Authors: Bonança Rita Simas , Bulhões Paulo César Fróes , Leonido Levi , Morgado Elsa Maria Gabriel
Published: May 2023

In this study, we analyze the perspectives of Early Childhood Educators, working in various teaching sectors, on Inclusion in Preschool Education, following the publication of Decree-Law No. 54/2018, of July 6th, at a time when Learning and Inclusion Support Measures are being extended to all children, and when the SARS-CoV-19 (COVID-19) pandemic prevails in Portugal and worldwide. Based on a mixed-methodological approach and the application of a questionnaire survey to 250 Early Childhood Educators, we reflect on the implementation of the legal framework, the involvement of the Multidisciplinary Learning and Inclusion Support Team (EMAEI), teacher training, pedagogical/collaborative work, and support mobilized for Preschool Education children. The results obtained indicate quality and effectiveness in the pedagogical plan and collaborative work between teachers and specialist technicians, although higher education in the field of Inclusive Education does not seem to provide professionals with the necessary and in-depth knowledge on the subject. They also indicate that, alongside dissatisfaction with the insufficient support provided to Preschool Education children, the relevant Diploma is not fully applied, with doubts still remaining about its application.
Development and Evaluation of Novel Apomorphine and Quetiapine Combinational Formulation for Parkinson’s Disease in Rat: New Era (Possibilities) for Pre – Clinical Protocol Concept Review
Authors: Patel Minesh
Published: May 2023

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects the motor system of the human body. Currently, the available treatments are limited and often have undesirable side effects. In this context, the aim of this study was to develop a novel combinational formulation of Apomorphine and Quetiapine and evaluate its efficacy in a rat model of PD. The formulation was prepared using the solvent evaporation technique and characterized for its physicochemical properties. The in-vitro drug release was evaluated using the Franz diffusion cell method, and the pharmacokinetics of the combination was studied in rats. The behavioural and biochemical parameters were evaluated in the rats using the Rotarod, pole test, and biochemical assays. The results showed that the developed formulation had satisfactory physicochemical properties and exhibited sustained drug release. The pharmacokinetic studies showed that the combination exhibited a longer residence time than the individual drugs. The behavioural and biochemical parameters showed that the combination was effective in improving motor function and reducing oxidative stress. In conclusion, the developed Apomorphine and Quetiapine combination formulation showed promising results in improving motor function and reducing oxidative stress in rat model of PD. Further studies are required to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the developed formulation in humans.
Antimicrobial Resistance: A Growing Serious Threat for Global Public Health
Authors: Salam Md. Abdus , Al-Amin Md. Yusuf , Salam Moushumi Tabassoom , Pawar Jogendra , Akhter Naseem , Rabaan Ali A. , Alqumber Mohammed A. A.
Published: May 2023

Antibiotics are the most magnificent discovery of 20th century that have saved millions of lives from infectious diseases. Microbes have developed acquired antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to many drugs due to high selection pressure from increasing use and misuse of antibiotics over the years. The transmission and acquisition of AMR occur primarily via human–human interface both within and outside of the healthcare facilities. A huge number of interdependent factors related to healthcare and agriculture govern the development of AMR through various drug resistance mechanisms. The emergence and spread of AMR from the unrestricted use of antimicrobials in livestock feed has been a major contributing factor. The prevalence of AMR bacteria has attained its incongruous level worldwide and threatening global public health as silent pandemic, necessitating urgent intervention. Therapeutic options of AMR bacterial infections are limited resulting in significant morbidity and mortality with high financial impact. The paucity in discovery and supply of new novel antimicrobials to treat life-threatening AMR infections stands in sharp contrast to demand. Immediate interventions to contain AMR include surveillance and monitoring, minimizing over the counter antibiotics and antibiotics in food animals, access to quality and affordable medicines, vaccines and diagnostics, and enforcement of legislation. An orchestral collaborative action within and between multiple national and international organizations are required urgently, otherwise, a post-antibiotic era can be a real possibility than an apocalyptic fantasy for the 21st century. This narrative review highlights on the basis, mechanisms and factors in microbial resistance and key strategies to combat antimicrobial resistance.
Effects of Whole-Body Cryostimulation on pain management and disease activity in active Rheumatic Polymyalgia: a Case-Report
Authors: Verme Federica , Scarpa Alessandra , Varallo Giorgia , Piterà Paolo , Capodaglio Paolo , Fontana Jacopo Maria
Published: May 2023

Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is the most common inflammatory rheumatic disease among people over the age of 50 and occurs with symptoms such as musculoskeletal pain and stiffness in the neck, shoulders and hips. To date, corticosteroids represent the cornerstone of PMR treatment, although it is well known that their prolonged use is associated with several adverse effects, making it crucial to find therapeutic alternatives to their use. The purpose of this case report was to describe the effectiveness of 10 whole-body cryostimulation (WBC) sessions on a 74-year-old woman suffering from PMR. An improvement in disease impact, fatigue, pain, quality of sleep and total physical activity was observed after WBC. Moreover, the patient reduced her daily drug intake by 67% following WBC treatments. Given the increasing prevalence of PMR and considering the side effects that drug treatments can lead to, WBC could represent a valuable adjuvant and well-tolerated alternative for the treatment of PMR.
Financial Burden of SARS-CoV-2 Infected Pregnancy in a Tertiary Exclusive COVID-19 Maternity
Authors: Bobei Tina-Ioana , Sima Romina Marina , Gorecki Gabriel-Petre , Bobircă Anca , Popescu Mihai , Haj Hamoud Bashar , Ples Liana
Published: May 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on health systems around the globe and Romania is no exception. The impact on healthcare expense for pregnant women has been considerable, especially in COVID-only tertiary centers, where specialized care is being provided .The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on healthcare costs, in particular by managing cases in COVID-only maternity. Material and Methods: The objective of the study was to analyze if the model adopted by the health system consisting in complete separation of delivering obstetrical care for covid and non-covid patients was efficient. We conducted an observational study in which we compared a group of pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2 (study group) with a control group in which we included uninfected pregnant women. The patients were recruited from Bucur Maternity Hospital, declared a COVID-only center in march 2020. We compared the two groups in terms of expenses over the entire period of hospitalization, i.e. expense on hospitalization, medicines, medical supplies, and medical investigations.
Assessment of Three Recycling Pathways for Waste Cooking Oil as Feedstock in the Production of Biodiesel, Biolubricant, and Biosurfactant: A Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Approach
Authors: De Feo Giovanni , Ferrara Carmen , Giordano Luana , Sesti Osseo Libero
Published: May 2023

The management of waste cooking oil (WCO) often poses significant challenges. Improper disposal of WCO results in negative environmental impacts and economic losses. However, from a circular economy perspective, WCO can be recycled and used as a sustainable feedstock for numerous industrial products, replacing virgin vegetable oils. This approach enables the recovery of resources while simultaneously addressing the problem of WCO disposal. By employing a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) approach, the study assesses three alternative recycling pathways for WCO used as a feedstock in the production of A1) biodiesel, A2) biolubricant, and A3) biosurfactant. The aim is to identify the optimal alternative, taking into account environmental, economic, and technical factors. The procedure involved a team of chemical engineers working in the WCO recycling sector who were selected as decision-makers. The 'priority scale' combined with the Paired Comparison Technique was employed as a weighting method to evaluate the selected criteria. The results revealed that the decision-makers considered environmental sustainability as the most crucial evaluation criterion, followed by the economic criterion. In contrast, the aspect of process management was deemed less significant. Among the compared alternatives, utilizing WCO as a feedstock for biosurfactant production was assessed as the optimal WCO recycling solution. This alternative not only demonstrated the lowest coefficient variation but was also deemed the most favourable option. Biolubricant production was determined to be the second-best alternative. The adopted MCDA approach proved to be a reliable and effective tool, enabling the clear identification of the preferred WCO recycling alternative among those assessed. This was achieved through the utilization of the decision-makers' expertise and knowledge.
Osmotic Demyelinataion Syndrome in a Patient With Hyper-Ammonemia and Hyperbilirubinemia: A Case Report and Re-view of the Literature
Authors: Park Kunwoo , Kim Sang Beom , Yoon Sung Sang , Woo Ho Geol
Published: May 2023

Osmotic demyelination syndrome (ODS) is an acute demyelinating disorder characterized by the loss of myelin in the center of the basis pons which is defined as central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) and demyelination process in locations outside the pons which is defined as extrapontine myelinolysis (EPM). ODS including CPM and EPM is mainly caused by the rapid correction of hyponatremia. However, there are several reports of ODS in medical condition such as malnutrition, alcoholism, liver transplantation, malignancy, sepsis, electrolyte imbalance including hypernatremia, hypokalemia, hypophosphatemia, and chronic illness. Rarely, ODS was reported in patients with hyperammonemia or hyperbilirubinemia without sodium fluctuations. The symptoms usually correspond to the lesion site and EPM precedes CPM. Because ODS may be irreversible, prevention is more important. Here, we report a case of ODS secondary to the hyperammonemia and hyperbilirubinemia, as it can have unfavorable prognosis.
Adaptive Modeling Multi-Agent Learning System for Video Behavior Clustering Recognition
Authors: Qian Xingyu , Yuemaier Aximu , Yang Wen-Chi , Chen Xiaogang , Li Shunfen , Dai Weibang , Song Zhitang
Published: May 2023

In this work, we propose a self-supervised multi-agent system that meets the online learning of clustering tasks for video behavior recognition spatio-temporal tasks. Encoding visual behavioral actions as discrete temporal sequence(DTS). Real-time clustering recognition task in a multi-agent system for continuous model building, training, and correction. Finally, we implemented a fully decentralized multi-agent system and completed its feasibility verification in a surveillance video application scenario on vehicle path clustering.
Nanotechnology Applications in Sepsis: Essential Knowledge for Clinicians
Authors: Vasconcelos Inês , Santos Tiago
Published: May 2023

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition caused by a dysregulated host response to an invading pathogen such as multidrug-resistant bacteria. Despite recent advancements, sepsis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, resulting in a significant global impact and burden. This condition affects all age groups, with clinical outcomes depending mainly on timely diagnosis and appropriate early therapeutic intervention. Because of the unique features of nanosized systems, there is a growing interest in developing and designing novel solutions. Nanoscale-engineered materials allow a targeted and controlled release of bioactive agents, resulting in improved efficacy with minimal side effects. Additionally, nanoparticle-based sensors provide a quicker and more reliable alternative to conventional diagnostic methods for identifying infection and organ dysfunction. Despite recent advancements, fundamental nanotechnology principles are often presented in technical formats that presuppose advanced chemistry, physics, and engineering knowledge. Consequently, clinicians may not grasp the underlying science, hindering interdisciplinary collaborations and successful translation from bench to bedside. In this review, we abridge some of the most recent and most promising nanotechnology-based solutions for sepsis diagnosis and management using an intelligible format to stimulate a seamless collaboration between engineers, scientists, and clinicians.
Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oil from Croton Pluriglandulosus Carn. Leaves against Microorganisms of Clinical Interest
Authors: Carvalho Rayara J. P. , Souza Pedro F. N. , Malveira Ellen A. , Neto Nilton A. S. , Silva Romério R.S. , Melo Gabriel L. C. , Silva Ayrles F. B. , Lima Leandro B. , Albuquerque Cynthia C. , Bastos Rafael W , Goldman Gustavo H. , Freitas Cleverson D. T.
Published: May 2023

Multiresistant pathogens pose a serious threat to human health. The genus candida is one class of human pathogenic yeasts responsible for infections affecting healthy and immunocompromised patients. In this context, plant essential oils emerged as a future natural alternative to control the diseases caused by these pathogens. Here, it highlighted antimicrobial activity and the mechanisms of action of the essential oil extracted from Croton pluriglandulosus Carn.-Torres & Riina (CpEO) leaves on human pathogenic microorganisms in planktonic and biofilm lifestyles. In addition, for the first time, the oil composition was revealed by GC-MS analysis and the toxicity to human red blood cells (HRBC). Twenty-six chemical compounds were identified in EOCp, Elemicin, Bicyclogermacrene, caryophyllene, brevifolin and 2,4,6-trimethoxy-styrene. Through hemolytic assay, it was shown that CpEO has no toxicity to human RBCs. At the concentration of 50 μg mL-1, CpEO did not show great antibacterial potential. However, promising data were found for C. krusei and C. parapsilosis inhibiting by 89.3% and 80.7% of planktonic cell growth and 83.5% and 77.9% the biofilm formation, respectively. Furthermore, the mechanisms of action CpEO were elucidated by fluorescence. Scanning electron microscopy revealed damage to the cell membrane and pore formation, ROS overproduction, and Induction of apoptosis in candida cells. Our results reinforce the potential of CpEO as an effective alternative molecule of pharmaceutical interest.
Whitefly Transmitted Begomovirus Infection in Plant and Host Response: A Review
Authors: Biswas Dew , Mandal Arunava
Published: May 2023

Begomovirus infection in plant causes a great economic loss in many countries every year. Increasing rate of the infectivity of this single stranded DNA virus forces to study of its transmission in detail for the necessary researches regarding the control of this disease. This pathogenic virus is whitefly vector borne and transferred from one plant to another plant during the suckling of phloem sap by that vector. Viral transmissibility through this insect vector may depend on the genetic variations within the cryptic species groups. Two distinct categories of begomoviruses viz., bipartite and monopartite types consist of different genome organization. Virion particles modify the intracellular environment of the host according to their need of replication and survival. Viral replication takes place through RCR as well as RDR methods. Interplay among host, vector and pathogen is crucial for the establishment of infection. Several endosymbiotic organisms living within the insect vector also have vital role here. Being infected with this virus, host plant responds with defensive activities like TGS, PTGS, autophagy, hormonal regulation, metabolic alteration etc. However, virus also counteracts those through the manipulation of several pathways of cellular events. It is necessary to study in different directions and utilize advanced molecular biological techniques to develop begomovirus resistance within plants.
Identifying Growth Patterns in Arid Zone Onion Crops (AlliumCepa) Using Digital Image Processing
Authors: Correa David , Rodríguez-Reséndiz Juvenal , Díaz-Flórez Germán , Olvera-Olvera Carlos , Álvarez-Alvarado José Manue
Published: May 2023

The agricultural sector is undergoing a revolution that requires sustainable solutions to the challenges that arise from traditional farming methods. To address these challenges, technical and sustainable support is needed to develop projects that improve crop performance. This study focuses on the onion crop and the challenges presented throughout its phenological cycle. Aerial monitoring using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and digital image processing were used to identify patterns in the onion crop, including humid areas, weed growth, vegetation deficits, and decreased harvest performance. An algorithm was developed to identify the patterns that most affected crop growth, as the average local production reported was 40.166 ton/ha, but only 25.00 ton/ha was reached due to blight caused by constant humidity and limited sunlight. This resulted in the death of leaves and poor development of bulbs, with 50% of the production being of medium size. It is estimated that approximately 20% of the production was lost due to blight and unfavorable weather conditions.
Ethanol Synthesis by Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Summary, Discovery, and Prospects
Authors: Wang Wei-Yang , Liang Ling , Wang Bei-Ping , Bi Han-Si , Su Hai-Song , Liao Chun-Yan , Niu Fu-Xing
Published: May 2023

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S. cerevisiae) ethanol fermentation has left an indelible trace in human history. It is regarded as the original beverage synthesis, and has developed into an essential energy supply for mankind today. However, the history of ethanol synthesis using S. cerevisiae, including the mechanism analysis process, has not been carefully and succinctly reported. In this paper, we review the history of ethanol synthesis using S. cerevisiae. In addition, we also review the substrates that drive S. cerevisiae ethanol synthesis, including the utilization of glucose, sucrose, starch and molasses, in order to summarize the current development status and to contribute to the further improvement of this field.
Societal Patterns Evolution Model in Development of Economy, Society, and Environment
Authors: Gakh Dmitriy
Published: May 2023

The Societal Patterns Evolution Model (SPEM) (Gakh, 2023a) has been developed to apply to socio-technical systems. It contains patterns representing stages of societal development. Mapping of these patterns to the development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and Information Systems was presented at FedCSIS 2022 conference (Gakh, 2022c). This paper discusses the application of SPEM to model the development of three pillars of sustainability: economic, social, and environmental (Purvis, et al., 2019; United Nations, 2023).