bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dividend Policy Determinants with Profitability as a Moderating Variable
Authors: Rahayu Rahayu , Nurul Florie
Published: July 2024

This research seeks to ascertain how debt policy, asset growth, and free cash flow affect dividend policy with profitability as a moderating variable in manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) for the 2018-2020 period. Descriptive research is used in this study with a quantitative approach with the data analysis method used is moderated regression analysis with Eviews version 10. All manufacturing companies that were listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange between 2018 and 2020 make up the research population. Thirty-seven corporate samples made up the sample, which was selected using the purposive sampling method. Thus, the study's findings indicate that free cash flow has a favorable impact on dividend policy, Asset growth has a negative effect on dividend policy, Debt policy has a negative effect on dividend policy, profitability is able to strengthen the effect of free cash flow on dividend policy, profitability is able to strengthen the effect of asset growth on dividend policy, profitability is able to strengthen debt policy towards dividend policy.
Assessing the impacts of experimental mid-rotation forest fertiliser treatments on water quality
Authors: Baillie Brenda R. , Elleouet Joane S. , Coker Graham W. R.
Published: July 2024

Background: Planted forests face on-going challenges to increase productivity while remaining within sustainable limits. Forest management activities that potentially impact on water quality are under increasing public scrutiny and regulatory controls. New Zealand’s forest industry is experimenting with aerially applied, mid-rotation fertiliser treatments as a sustainable option to increase productivity from planted forests. However, the effect of such applications on water quality requires investigation. Methods: Field trials were established to assess the effects of two conventional fertiliser applications (either granular di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) or granular urea) and a new-to-forestry liquid foliar fertiliser blend, on nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations in stream water of three planted forest sites representing a range of New Zealand climatic and soil environments. Results: Overall, the liquid foliar fertiliser treatment had the least impact on water quality compared with the two conventional fertiliser treatments. On the day of fertiliser application, when compared with pre-treatment in-stream concentrations, the urea treatments resulted in short-term increases in total nitrogen. The DAP treatment increased total phosphorus and dissolved reactive phosphorus concentrations with peak concentrations declining within hours. In the post-application period, any increases in nutrient concentrations in stream water were mainly associated with rainfall events within six months of application and at one site, the resumption of stream flow following a dry spell. Riparian ‘no-spray’ buffers of varying widths assisted in mediating the impacts of fertiliser applications. Conclusions: Initial evidence from these trials indicates that mid-rotation fertiliser treatments have the potential to provide an alternate management option to increase forest productivity or disease resilience with minimal or only short-term effects to water quality. However, further research on their environmental effects would support the development of guidelines specific to mid-rotation fertiliser applications, particularly if mid-rotation fertiliser applications become standard management practice in the forest industry.
Migratory movements, distribution, habitat preference, and activity patterns of the endangered Abbott’s booby Papasula abbotti
Authors: Chambon J , Börger L , Weimerskirch H , Hennicke JC
Published: July 2024

The Abbott’s booby Papasula abbotti is one of the most threatened seabirds in the world. The non-breeding behaviour and distribution of Abbott’s boobies are largely unknown but evidence suggests they migrate between breeding attempts. This lack of information impedes the identification and quantification of the threats the birds are exposed to outside of their breeding season. We studied the migratory movements of Abbott’s booby using geolocator-immersion loggers. A total of 22 adult birds were tracked between 2007 and 2014. Analysis of the 27 migratory trips revealed that birds migrated on average 2500 km east of Christmas Island to an area centred around the Banda Sea, Indonesia. The timing of Abbott’s booby migration (from November-December to April) coincides with the Indonesian-Australian monsoon, a period characterised by reversing prevailing winds and decreased regional oceanic primary productivity. The birds’ movements matched the pattern of reversal of the prevailing winds. No birds were recorded on migration between 17 May and 26 October, which suggests that the whole population of adult Abbott’s boobies is on Christmas Island during that period. Migrating Abbott’s boobies spent little time on the water during the day or at night (15%), and individuals preferred waters with a narrow range of sea surface salinity (32.5-34.5 PSU), rugged seafloor topography, and sea surface temperatures above ca. 28°C. Overall, these novel results identify the area within which potential threats, such as interactions with fisheries or effects of climate change on the species’ marine habitats, should be investigated.
SCREENING AND DIAGNOSTIC POSSIBILITIES OF THE PASSIVE HEMAGLUTINATION REACTION IN EXAMINATION FOR SYPHILIS USING THE DOMESTIC MANUFACTURER’S TEST SYSTEM
Authors: V.V. Kutova ,   SE « Institute  of  Dermatology  and  Venereology  of  NAMS  of  Ukraine», G.M. Bondarenko , E.M. Khoroshun E.M. , O.M. Bіlokon , T.V. Dehtiar , I.M. Nikitenko , A.S. Huriev ,   SE « Institute  of  Dermatology  and  Venereology  of  NAMS  of  Ukraine»,   Military  Medical  Clinical  Center  of  the  Northern  Region,   SE « Institute  of  Dermatology  and  Venereology  of  NAMS  of  Ukraine»,   SE « Institute  of  Dermatology  and  Venereology  of  NAMS  of  Ukraine»,   SE « Institute  of  Dermatology  and  Venereology  of  NAMS  of  Ukraine»,   Military  Medical  Clinical  Center  of  the  Northern  Region
Published: July 2024

The purpose.Study of the diagnostic possibilities of the erythrocyte diagnostic test RPGA for the detection of specific antibodies to T. pallidum of the domestic manufacturer «DIA®-RPGA-Trep» PrJSC «NVK «DIAPROF-MED», Ukraine, as a screening and confirmatory test for the diagnosis of syphilis, taking into account the capabilities of the laboratory service in Ukraine. Materials and methods. 1357 serum samples during the routine examination of syphilis patients with various forms of pathology and 98 collection positive control serum samples were studied. RPGA method–passive hemagglutination reaction (erythrocyte diagnostic to detect specific antibodies to Treponema pallidum) DIA®-RPGA-TrepPrJSC «DIAPROF-MED»; ELISA–enzyme immunoassay reaction (EQUI anti-Treponema pallidum) LLC Equitestlab, Ukraine. Results.The sensitivity of this test is high, it is similar to the sensitivity of the ELISA antibody test in various forms of syphilis, and can even be used in patients who have received treatment to monitor cure. The specificity of the reaction is high, as demonstrated by examination of sera in patients with a negative history and negative clinical examination together with negative results of treponemal tests and in patients with nonspecific seropositivity of nontreponemal tests. Conclusions.For serological screening of the population for syphilis, it may be sufficient to carry out the RPGA test of a domestic manufacturer in a high-quality setting. As a confirmatory test, this method should also be used in a semi-quantitative setting in combination with other treponemal tests.
REVIEW OF CONCEPTIONS FORMING AND DEVELOPMENT OF ATOPIC DERMATITIS
Authors: V . M. Volkoslavska ,   SE « Institute  of  Dermatology  and  Venereology  of  NAMS  of  Ukraine», S . K. Dzhoraeva , V . V. Honcharenko  V . V., , Yu.B. Bilostotskyi ,   SE « Institute  of  Dermatology  and  Venereology  of  NAMS  of  Ukraine»,   SE « Institute  of  Dermatology  and  Venereology  of  NAMS  of  Ukraine»,   SE « Institute  of  Dermatology  and  Venereology  of  NAMS  of  Ukraine»
Published: July 2024

The article is devoted to the review of native and foreign medical literature and is represented the present state of the theoretical views concerning causes of the beginning and development of the atopic dermatitis in the different period of disease study. The retrospective review concerning to the conceptions of the atopic dermatitis beginning was conducted, wich was in the different years. Data on the prevalence of the disease are given and pathogenetic factors that can affect the course of the disease are indicated.
Causality between major depressive disorder and functional dyspepsia: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Du Yaming , Wang Rui , Xu Xinzi , Wang Junli , Shao Wei , Chen Guohua
Published: July 2024

Background

To investigate the causal relationship between major depression and functional dyspepsia using two-sample Mendelian randomization.

Methods

Data for major depression and functional dyspepsia were obtained from genome-wide association studies. We selected Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) strongly associated with severe depression. Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted using methods such as Inverse-Variance Weighted (IVW), MR-Egger, and Weighted Median Estimator (WME). Sensitivity analysis was performed to assess the robustness of the results.

Results

A total of 31 eligible SNPs were identified as instrumental variables for major depression. IVW analysis indicated a positive causal relationship between the two conditions (β = 0.328; SE = 0.137; p = 0.017), suggesting that severe depression increases the risk of functional dyspepsia (OR = 1.389; 95% CI: 1.062–1.816). Sensitivity tests showed no evidence of heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

MR analysis had shown that major depressive disorder is associated with an increased risk of functional dyspepsia.
Exposure to anti-seizure medication during pregnancy and the risk of autism and ADHD in offspring: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Shan-Chun , Zhong Ying , Jiang Hai-Yin , Tang Jun
Published: July 2024

Background

Evidence of an association between maternal use of anti-seizure medication (ASM) during pregnancy and the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children is conflicting. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the relationship between fetal exposure to ASM and the development of ASD or ADHD in offspring.

Methods

A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed and other databases to identify relevant epidemiological studies published from inception until 1 March 2024.

Results

Seven cohort studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that maternal exposure to ASMs during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of ASD [odds ratio (OR): 2.1, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.63–2.71; p < 0.001] in the general population. This association became weaker (ASD: OR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.11–1.73; p = 0.004) when the reference group was mothers with a psychiatric disorder or epilepsy not treated during pregnancy. Furthermore, an increased risk of ADHD was observed when the study data adjusted for drug indications were pooled (OR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.07–1.92; p = 0.015). In subgroup analyses based on individual ASM use, only exposure to valproate preconception was significantly associated with an increased risk of ASD or ADHD.

Conclusion

The significant association between maternal ASM use during pregnancy and ASD or ADHD in offspring may be partially explained by the drug indication or driven by valproate.
Effective ignition energy for capacitor short-circuit discharge in explosive environments
Authors: Dangshu Wang , Likang Yang , Liu Shulin , Wang Xinxia , Luwen Song , Fengjuan Wu
Published: July 2024

Capacitors short-circuit discharge in an explosive environment can ignite and detonate the surrounding explosive media, causing dangerous accidents. At low voltages, this kind of discharge constitutes a micro-nano discharge; because the discharge gaps here are of the order of only microns to nanometers, the discharge process, electrode energy consumption, explosive media ignition energy, and other energy relationships are unclear. To study the relationships between the capacitor storage energy and various kinds of dissipation energies under short-circuit discharge, a model comprising conical and spherical cylinder microbumps is proposed based on the cathode surface morphology obtained by three-dimensional profiling and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Then, the second-order non-chi-squared differential equations were established based on the principle of energy conservation and heat balance to deduce the relationships between the cathode surface temperature and height of the microbump, conical angle, and spherical radius; further, the energy consumed by the anode surface is calculated based on the theory of heat transfer. Using heat conduction theory, the energy consumed by the microbumps on the cathode surface is calculated, and the energy consumed on the anode surface is deduced using the surface heat source as the loading heat source. The residual energy of the capacitor is calculated from the discharge time and voltages before and after discharge, and the effective energy of the gas is calculated using the law of conservation of energy. Finally, the discharge channel energy, electrode energy consumption, and end residual energy of the discharge capacitor are used to derive the effective ignition energy of the explosive gas. This research is of great significance for the design of intrinsically safe circuits with high power.
Facial nerve reconstruction for flaccid facial paralysis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zumbusch Friedemann , Schlattmann Peter , Guntinas-Lichius Orlando
Published: July 2024

Objectives

To determine the functional outcome after facial nerve reconstruction surgery in patients with flaccid facial paralysis.

Methods

A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed on studies reporting outcomes after direct facial nerve suture (DFS), facial nerve interpositional graft suture (FIGS), hypoglossal–facial nerve suture (HFS), masseteric–facial nerve suture (MFS), and cross-face nerve suture (CFS). These studies were identified from PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Two independent reviewers performed two-stage screening and data extraction. A favorable result was defined as a final House–Brackmann grade I–III and is presented as a ratio of all patients in percentage. Pooled proportions were calculated using random-effects models.

Results

From 4,932 screened records, 54 studies with 1,358 patients were included. A favorable result was achieved after DFS in 42.67% of the patients [confidence interval (CI): 26.05%–61.12%], after FIGS in 66.43% (CI: 55.99%–75.47%), after HFS in 63.89% (95% CI: 54.83%–72.05%), after MFS in 63.11% (CI: 38.53%–82.37%), and after CFS in 46.67% (CI: 24.09%–70.70%). There was no statistically significant difference between the techniques (Q = 6.56, degrees of freedom = 4, p = 0.1611).

Conclusions

The established facial nerve reconstruction techniques including the single nerve cross-transfer techniques produce satisfactory results in most of the patients with permanent flaccid facial paralysis. An international consensus on standardized outcome measures would improve the comparability of facial reanimation techniques.
In-depth transcriptome profiling of Cherry Valley duck lungs exposed to chronic heat stress
Authors: Liu Yi , Sun Dongyue , Xu Congcong , Liu Xiaoyong , Tang Min , Ying Shijia
Published: July 2024

Amidst rising global temperatures, chronic heat stress (CHS) is increasingly problematic for the poultry industry. While mammalian CHS responses are well-studied, avian-specific research is lacking. This study uses in-depth transcriptome sequencing to evaluate the pulmonary response of Cherry Valley ducks to CHS at ambient temperatures of 20°C and a heat-stressed 29°C. We detailed the CHS-induced gene expression changes, encompassing mRNAs, lncRNAs, and miRNAs. Through protein–protein interaction network analysis, we identified central genes involved in the heat stress response—TLR7, IGF1, MAP3K1, CIITA, LCP2, PRKCB, and PLCB2. Subsequent functional enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes and RNA targets revealed significant engagement in immune responses and regulatory processes. KEGG pathway analysis underscored crucial immune pathways, specifically those related to intestinal IgA production and Toll-like receptor signaling, as well as Salmonella infection and calcium signaling pathways. Importantly, we determined six miRNAs—miR-146, miR-217, miR-29a-3p, miR-10926, miR-146b-5p, and miR-17-1-3p—as potential key regulators within the ceRNA network. These findings enhance our comprehension of the physiological adaptation of ducks to CHS and may provide a foundation for developing strategies to improve duck production under thermal stress.
An Efficient Quadratic Programming Method for Kinematic Control of Redundant Manipulators under Joint Velocity Constraints
Authors: Li Zongdao , Wang Pengfei , Zhao Wenlong , Wu Tao , Li Qingdu
Published: July 2024

This paper presents an efficient inverse kinematics solution for redundant robotic arms. The proposed method combines the principles of continuation methods, improves the instability of the computation time by increasing the convergence of the kinematics function, and improves the efficiency of traditional numerical methods. The effectiveness and efficient performance of the method are demonstrated through comparative experiments. The computational speed of the method is twice as fast as the Newton–Raphson method under joint limit constraints and equal solution accuracy.
Evolution Characteristics of Cultivated Land Protection Policy in China Based on Smith Policy Implementation
Authors: Chen Bo , Yao Na
Published: July 2024

(1) Background: In the context of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and based on the historical evolution of cultivated land protection policy, we used the Smith model to address the problem of policy implementation bias and provide recommendations on how to ensure that cultivated land protection policy does not deviate in the implementation process. (2) Methods: The historical evolution process of China’s cultivated land protection policy was elucidated using literature analysis and the inductive deduction method; moreover, the issues regarding local evolution were investigated. In addition, utilizing the Smith model, which has an important role in policy implementation, the restoration direction of cultivated land protection in China was summarized. (3) Project: China’s cultivated land protection policy has demonstrated success in two stages of its historical development—from the basic stage of pursuing equal quantity and quality to the new stage of the trinity of “quantity–quality–ecology” of cultivated land. However, the trend of cultivated land protection policy development based on the regional division of labor in China still has some problems, i.e., the total quantity of cultivated land is insufficient, the quality is low, and the implementation of the trinity is unclear. These regional divisions depend on solving the balance of China’s grain security, and using the Smith model to solve the problem of policy implementation has become an important measure to resolve the issue of grain security and achieve the goal of cultivated land protection. (4) Conclusions: The Smith model is suitable for the implementation of China’s cultivated land protection policy. By utilizing the Smith model, the policy target group was found to be conducive to contributing to the maturity of and improvement in China’s cultivated land protection policy.
Ozone Treatment as a Sustainable Alternative for Suppressing Blue Mold in Mandarins and Extending Shelf Life
Authors: Lemic Darija , Galešić Marija Andrijana , Bjeliš Mario , Viric Gasparic Helena
Published: July 2024

Citrus fruits, particularly mandarins, are highly valued globally for their nutritional benefits and versatile culinary uses. However, the challenge of post-harvest decay, primarily due to blue mold (Penicillium italicum) infections, results in significant food losses and necessitates effective preservation strategies. Traditional methods often rely on fungicides, raising concerns about chemical residues and environmental impact. This study investigates the efficacy of ozone as an alternative approach to controlling blue mold in mandarins. Various gaseous ozone treatments were tested, including single, double, and triple treatments, with durations ranging from 10 to 60 min and concentrations from 3.3 to 20 ppm. Additionally, ozonated water treatments were evaluated with concentrations of 2, 4, and 6 ppm. To simulate a realistic infestation scenario, mandarins were artificially infected with P. italicum spores before undergoing both gaseous ozone and ozonated water treatments. The storage conditions for the mandarins were meticulously controlled, maintaining a humidity level of 50–60% and a temperature range of 10–12 °C. Each fruit was analyzed, and the presence of P. italicum infection was determined two and three weeks after the ozonation. Results indicated that ozone treatments significantly reduced mold growth, with gaseous ozone demonstrating efficacy rates up to 97.5% and ozonated water treatments achieving preservation rates between 95% and 97%. These results underscore ozone’s potential as a safe, efficient, and sustainable alternative to conventional fungicides, offering promising solutions for extending the shelf life of mandarins. Further research is recommended to optimize ozone treatment parameters, assess long-term effects on fruit quality and nutritional content, and refine application techniques to harness ozone’s potential in citrus fruit preservation fully. This approach not only addresses food security challenges but also aligns with global efforts to reduce chemical inputs in agriculture and promote environmentally sustainable practices.
Environmental Concerns of Agri-Food Product Consumers: Key Factors
Authors: Valdelomar-Muñoz Sergio , Murgado-Armenteros Eva María
Published: July 2024

Growing consumer interest in caring for the environment has motivated the development of multiple studies focused on discovering this variable’s impact on purchasing behaviour. However, a major gap still exists between attitude and pro-environmental behaviour caused by the need for greater environmental awareness, among other things. Therefore, knowing the environmental issues that worry consumers of agrifood products is important. This work digs deeper into this issue by analysing these environmental concerns and examining differences between countries with different levels of environmental sensitivity. CAWI methodology has been used to conduct an online survey in four countries (Spain, Germany, the United Kingdom, and Denmark), with 3200 valid responses analysed using qualitative and quantitative techniques. The obtained results highlight the existence of 11 major environmental dimensions or issues for consumers of agri-food products. In addition, a correspondence analysis identifies two key factors, the first focused on a range of environmental problems of a more general nature and the second with greater interest focused on concern for biodiversity conservation. This study has implications for both the agri-food sector and European agricultural policy.
The Attractiveness of Employee Benefits in Agriculture from the Perspective of Generation Z
Authors: Heřmanová Michaela , Kuralová Kateřina , Prokop Michal , Pilař Ladislav
Published: July 2024

This article addresses the pressing issue of attracting Generation Z to the agriculture sector in the Czech Republic, a vital issue given its crucial role in ensuring food security and sustainability. During demographic changes and declining interest from younger generations to work in agriculture, it is essential to understand and meet the specific needs of this generation. This article examines the alignment between advertised employee benefits and the preferences of Generation Z, offers a new employee benefits categorization, and highlights possible interventions to increase the attractiveness of the agricultural sector in the labor market. Based on a literature review, quantitative content analysis of job advertisements, and a questionnaire survey, the research aims to evaluate the current offers of employee benefits in the agricultural sector in the Czech Republic in terms of their attractiveness and how they are perceived by Generation Z before then categorizing these employee benefits. The results show that benefits from the “Holiday and times off” category have the highest value for Generation Z and that, on the contrary, they value benefits from the “Benefits for work–life balance” category the least. A total of seven categories of employee benefits have been newly identified.
The Association between Body Composition and the Parameters of Muscle Fitness in Selected Young Judokas
Authors: Milošević Nikola , Stupar Dušan , Stanković Nemanja , Pantelić Saša , Stojanović Nikola , Stamenković Stevan , Trajković Nebojša , Potparić Igor
Published: July 2024

This study aimed to determine the influence of body composition on the muscle fitness of selected judokas. This study was conducted on a sample of 23 judokas (cadets n = 12, juniors n = 11), members of the male national team of Serbia. The assessment of body composition was performed using the InBody 720 (Biospace Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea) and calipers. Muscle fitness was assessed using “Optojump” (Microgate, Bolzano, Italy), Fitrodine Premium (Fitronic, Bratislava, Slovakia), and a digital force instrument IMADA Z2H-1100 (Imada Inc., Northbrook, IL, USA). Regression analysis revealed a notable association between muscle mass and measures of explosive strength (countermovement jump (CMJ) p = 0.023; drop jump (DJ) p = 0.026). Moreover, this study’s results showed that back extension (p = 0.006; R2 = 0.61) and hand grip (p = 0.009; R2 = 0.52) provide a strong positive association with muscle mass. The findings suggest that tailored training and nutritional strategies that improve muscle mass might significantly enhance muscle fitness in young judokas, optimizing their performance.
Ecological and Geological Environment Risk Assessment of Wangwa Mining Area Based on DInSAR Technology
Authors: Wang Guorui , Yang Liya , Li Peixian , Wang Xuesong
Published: July 2024

Mining activities in coal mining areas have exacerbated ecological and geological environmental risks. To explore the impact of mineral resources on the ecological and geological environment risk (EGER) in coal mining areas, we developed a novel ecological and geological risk assessment framework. This framework first quantifies the impact of mining activities on the surface of coal mining areas using remote sensing interpretation and Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) technology. Then, this framework selected six indicators, including subsidence, surface occupation and damage, FVC, RSEI, precipitation, and temperatures. The weights of the evaluation indicators were calculated using a coupled weighting model combining the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Entropy Method (EM). This approach was applied to the Wangwa mining area to assess its ecological and geological risks. The results show that the surface subsidence increase year by year. The EGER in the study area was medium and the change rate of the EGER index in Wangwa mining area from 2017 to 2022 was −0.460 to 0.598. The EGER index increased southwest of the study area but reduced in the pre-investigation area and north of the investigation area. This study can support decision-making to reduce the adverse environmental impact of coal mining activities.
Elderberry Hydrolate: Exploring Chemical Profile, Antioxidant Potency and Antigenotoxicity for Cosmetic Applications
Authors: Gonçalves Sara , Peixoto Francisco , Schoss Katja , Glavač Nina Kočevar , Gaivão Isabel
Published: July 2024

Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) hydrolate, derived from domestic steam distillation, holds promise as a multifunctional ingredient for skincare and cosmetic applications. This study investigates the chemical composition and biological activities of elderberry hydrolate obtained through steam distillation. Despite the growing interest in elderberry hydrolate, there has been a lack of comprehensive studies elucidating its chemical composition and potential bioactive constituents. To address this gap, we conducted a detailed analysis of elderberry hydrolate’s composition, antioxidant activity, and antigenotoxicity. Genotoxic evaluation and antioxidant assays (ABTS, DPPH) were conducted to assess its biological properties. We obtained elderberry hydrolate with a notable transfer of aromatic compounds through the steam distillation process, highlighting its efficacy and sustainability. The chemical characterization identified vital compounds, including phenylacetaldehyde, 2-acetyl-pyrrole, and an unidentified major component, collectively contributing to the hydrolate’s aromatic and biological properties. The genotoxic evaluation using the Comet assay demonstrated the hydrolate’s protective effects against DNA damage induced by hydrogen peroxide and streptonigrin. The optimal DNA protection was observed at 10% (w/v), attributed to the antioxidant activity of the identified compounds. The hydrolate exhibited significant antioxidant potential, demonstrating concentration-dependent responses and correlating higher concentrations with increased antioxidant activity. These findings underscore the multifaceted attributes of elderberry hydrolate, positioning it as a promising natural ingredient for skincare. This study supports elderberry hydrolate as a valuable natural and sustainable product development resource.
Effect of Pond-Based Rice Floating Bed on the Microbial Community Structure and Quality of Water in Pond of Mandarin Fish Fed Using Artificial Diet
Authors: Jiang Lijin , Yi Mengmeng , Jiang Zhiyong , Wu Yuli , Cao Jianmeng , Liu Zhigang , Wang Zhang , Lu Maixin , Ke Xiaoli , Wang Miao
Published: July 2024

The culture of mandarin fish using artificial feed has been gaining increasing attention in China. Ensuring good water quality in the ponds is crucial for successful aquaculture. Recently, the trial of pond-based rice floating beds (PRFBs) in aquaculture ponds has shown promising results. This research assessed the impact of PRFBs on the microbial community structure and overall quality of the aquaculture pond, thereby enhancing our understanding of its functions. The results revealed that the PRFB group exhibited lower levels of NH4+-N, NO2−-N, NO3−-N, TN, TP, and Alk in pond water compared to the control group. The microbial diversity indices in the PRFB group showed a declining trend, while these indices were increasing in the control group. At the phylum level, there was a considerable increase in Proteobacteria abundance in the PRFB group throughout the culture period, suggesting that PRFBs may promote the proliferation of Proteobacteria. In the PRFB group, there was a remarkable decrease in bacterial populations related to carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus metabolism, including genera Rhodobacter, Rhizorhapis, Dinghuibacter, Candidatus Aquiluna, and Chryseomicrobium as well as the CL500_29_marine_group. Overall, the research findings will provide a basis for the application of aquaculture of mandarin fish fed an artificial diet and rice floating beds.
Immortalization of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Lines from Sheep Umbilical Cord Tissue
Authors: Yang Jinwei , Dong Yitong , Hu Lixinyi , Wang Weihai , Li Yajun , Wang Shujie , Wang Chunsheng
Published: July 2024

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess significant differentiation potential, making them highly promising in medicine and immunotherapy due to their regenerative capabilities and exosome secretion. However, challenges such as limited cell divisions and complex testing hinder large-scale MSC production. In this study, we successfully established an immortalized MSC line by transfecting the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene into MSCs isolated from pregnant sheep umbilical cords. This approach effectively inhibits cell senescence and promotes cell proliferation, enabling the generation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) on a larger scale. Our findings demonstrate that these transfected TERT-UCMSCs exhibit enhanced proliferative capacity and a reduced aging rate compared to regular UCMSCs while maintaining their stemness without tumorigenicity concerns. Consequently, they hold great potential for medical applications requiring large quantities of functional MSCs.
Is It Possible to Improve the Perceived Quality of Life of Overweight or Obese Older People through a Multicomponent Physical Exercise Program?
Authors: Pleticosic-Ramírez Yazmina , Arufe-Giráldez Víctor , Rodríguez-Negro Josune , Mecías-Calvo Marcos , Navarro-Patón Rubén
Published: July 2024

Multicomponent exercise is a physical exercise modality in which various physical qualities (strength, cardiorespiratory endurance, flexibility, and balance) are developed with an equal distribution of volume in the same session (approximately 60 min) and that has been little explored in improving the quality of life of older adults. The aim of this study was to verify the effect of multicomponent training on self-perceived quality of life in Chilean overweight or obese older people. To this end, a quasi-experimental study with a control group was designed to evaluate self-perceived Quality of Life using the World Health Organization Quality of Life, brief version [Overall Quality of Life (OQOL); Overall Health (OH); Physical Health (PH); Psychological Health (PsH); Social Relations (SR); Environment (E)]. Seventy overweight or obese people aged between 60 and 86 years participated (M = 73.15; SD = 5.94) and were randomized into a control group (CG, n = 35) and an experimental group (EG, n = 35). The results in the EG (pre vs. post-intervention) indicated that there were statistically significant differences in OQOL (p = 0.005), OH (p = 0.014), PH (p < 0.001), PsH (p < 0.001), E (p = 0.015), and SR (p < 0.001) which were not found in the CG in any of the variables (p > 0.050) except in SR (p < 0.001). Regarding sex, post-intervention differences were only found between CG and EG in women in OQOL (p = 0.002), PH (p < 0.001), PsH (p = 0.003), and SR (p < 0.001), but not in OH or E (p > 0.050). These differences were not found among men in any of the variables (p > 0.050). As a conclusion, we can say that a multicomponent physical exercise program applied for 6 months significantly improves the perception of OQOL, OH, PH, PsH, SR, and E in overweight or obese older people. This perception is greater in men than in women.
An Online Single-Session Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Depression and Anxiety Associated with Multiple Sclerosis—Pilot Study
Authors: Schenk Alina , Popa Cosmin Octavian , Cojocaru Cristiana Manuela , Marian Ștefan , Maier Smaranda , Băjenaru Ovidiu Lucian , Bălașa Rodica
Published: July 2024

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most debilitating neurodegenerative diseases in youth, significantly affecting all life domains. Therefore, a strong association between MS, depression and anxiety symptoms has been established. The objective of the present interventional one-group pretest–posttest study is to assess the feasibility of an online single-session intervention (SSI) based on a cognitive behavioral therapy protocol targeting depressive and anxiety symptoms, psychological mechanisms, fatigue and overall health status. Methods: In this pilot study, 31 patients with MS (Mage = 42 years, SD = 12.2) received the online CBT SSI. The impact of the intervention was assessed using validated instruments two weeks after the intervention and after a two-month follow-up period. Results: Statistically significant effects were observed for the reduction of depression, with B = −7.58, 95% CI (−12.84, −2.31) and p < 0.01, and anxiety, with B = −15.17, 95% CI (−18.31, −12.02) and p < 0.001, at post-test and follow-up screening. Additionally, positive outcomes were seen for irrational beliefs at post-test, with B = −25.86, 95% CI (−46.10, −5.61), along with negative automatic thoughts, with B = −4.47, 95% CI (−10.65, 1.71), which were preserved at follow-up. Despite the health status also improving, no significant changes were observed for dysfunctional attitudes and fatigue. Conclusions: This research proves that the online CBT SSI was efficient for decreasing mild to moderate symptoms of depression and anxiety and reducing the intensity of dysfunctional psychological mechanisms in our sample.
Exploring Sibling Relationship Quality among Latinx Siblings: A Systematic Review
Authors: Holmes Megan R. , O’Donnell Kari A. , Lovato Kristina , Kramer Laurie , Korsch-Williams Amy E. , Herceg Allison E. , Stephens Sylvia O.
Published: July 2024

This systematic review addresses the gap in the literature regarding sibling relationship quality among Latinx families, a topic that has not been comprehensively examined to date. This study aimed to synthesize current research on sibling relationship quality in Latinx families, focusing on the influence of cultural factors, identifying key variables associated with sibling relationship quality, and evaluating the methodological approaches used. This paper is a systematic review based on a recently published evidence and gap map (EGM) that identified and visually presented all published studies investigating sibling relationship quality. Additional inclusion criteria were applied to select articles that specifically examined sibling relationship quality in the United States samples with at least 50% Latinx participants. The review included 12 articles representing 6 distinct studies, revealing significant findings on the roles of familism, simpatía, and gender in shaping sibling dynamics. Results indicated that cultural values such as familism and simpatía positively influence sibling intimacy and warmth, while gender dynamics further moderate these relationships. Methodologically, the articles employed longitudinal and cross-sectional designs, utilizing various quantitative measures. The findings underscore the importance of culturally sensitive approaches in studying sibling relationships and highlight the need for further research to explore these dynamics in diverse Latinx subgroups.
Do Human Assertions Really Adhere Strictly to Norms? The Effect of Threatening Content in Information on Personalized Norm Perception
Authors: Zhang Shijia , Diao Jiangdong , Huang Jiahui , Liu Yanchi , Mo Lei
Published: July 2024

Assertion is the use of declarative sentences to convey information, which necessitates meeting the “justified-belief norm” as a prerequisite. However, a significant amount of misinformation that did not meet these conditions was spread during COVID-19, leading to a reintroduction of the assertion norm. One possible hypothesis is that the threatening content of the misinformation influenced the perception of the norm. However, this remains unclear to researchers. Therefore, we conducted two experiments to investigate the effect of threatening content in information on individuals’ perceptions of norms. In all the experiments, participants read backstories with and without threatening content, followed by answering assertion questions. It was observed that people do follow a looser assertion norm for information that contains threatening content. Additionally, further exploration revealed that threatening factors also lead individuals to more easily perceive the related content as truth and reduce the probability of being blamed. These two outcomes provide some explanation for the underlying mechanism of threatening factors’ influence. The research results further refined the theory of assertion norms, offering a certain basis for information management.
Controlling the Expression Level of the Neuronal Reprogramming Factors for a Successful Reprogramming Outcome
Authors: Mseis-Jackson Natalie , Sharma Mehek , Li Hedong
Published: July 2024

Neuronal reprogramming is a promising approach for making major advancement in regenerative medicine. Distinct from the approach of induced pluripotent stem cells, neuronal reprogramming converts non-neuronal cells to neurons without going through a primitive stem cell stage. In vivo neuronal reprogramming brings this approach to a higher level by changing the cell fate of glial cells to neurons in neural tissue through overexpressing reprogramming factors. Despite the ongoing debate over the validation and interpretation of newly generated neurons, in vivo neuronal reprogramming is still a feasible approach and has the potential to become clinical treatment with further optimization and refinement. Here, we discuss the major neuronal reprogramming factors (mostly pro-neurogenic transcription factors during development), especially the significance of their expression levels during neurogenesis and the reprogramming process focusing on NeuroD1. In the developing central nervous system, these pro-neurogenic transcription factors usually elicit distinct spatiotemporal expression patterns that are critical to their function in generating mature neurons. We argue that these dynamic expression patterns may be similarly needed in the process of reprogramming adult cells into neurons and further into mature neurons with subtype identities. We also summarize the existing approaches and propose new ones that control gene expression levels for a successful reprogramming outcome.
Developing Device of Death Operation (DODO) to Detect Apoptosis in 2D and 3D Cultures
Authors: Zhang Ziheng , Sun Zhe , Liu Ji-Long
Published: July 2024

The real-time detection of intracellular biological processes by encoded sensors has broad application prospects. Here, we developed a degron-based modular reporting system, the Device of Death Operation (DODO), that can monitor various biological processes. The DODO system consists of a “reporter”, an “inductor”, and a “degron”. After zymogen activation and cleavage, the degron will be released from the “reporter”, which eventually leads to the stabilization of the “reporter”, and can be detected. By replacing different “inductors” and “reporters”, a series of biological processes can be reported through various signals. The system can effectively report the existence of TEV protease. To prove this concept, we successfully applied the DODO system to report apoptosis in 2D and 3D cultures. In addition, the reporter based on degron will help to design protease reporters other than caspase.
Is It Useful to Repeat Blood Cultures in Endocarditis Patients? A Critical Appraisal
Authors: Kok Wouter
Published: July 2024

Background: Previous guidelines for endocarditis have suggested repeating blood cultures until they become negative, with limited evidence. Methods: Literature reviews were conducted (1) on the incidence of persistent bacteremia and association with outcome and (2) on timing of valve culture negativization to examine the claim for prolongation of antibiotic therapy starting from negative blood cultures. Results: Persistent bacteremia and fever may be present in the first 3 days of endocarditis, despite treatment, and are more common in Staphylococcus (especially MRSA) and Enterococcus species. Persistent bacteremia (48–72 h), persistent infection (day 7), and new onset septic shock are related and predict in-hospital mortality. It is, however, persistent infection at day 7 and septic shock that primarily determine the infectious course of endocarditis, and not persistent bacteremia. Valve cultures at surgery become negative in most cases (>85–90%) after 14–21 days of antibiotic therapy, with no calculated benefit for prolonging therapy after 21 days. Conclusions: Persistent infection at 7 days after appropriate antibiotic therapy is a better key event for prognosis then positive or negative blood cultures at 48–72 h. Therapy prolongation from the day of negative blood cultures is not reasonable. There is no need to survey blood cultures in endocarditis patients after starting therapy.
Investigating Digital Forensic Artifacts Generated from 3D Printing Slicing Software: Windows and Linux Analysis
Authors: Garland Laura , Neyaz Ashar , Varol Cihan , Shashidhar Narasimha K.
Published: July 2024

Although Three-dimensional (3D) printers have legitimate applications in various fields, they also present opportunities for misuse by criminals who can infringe upon intellectual property rights, manufacture counterfeit medical products, or create unregulated and untraceable firearms. The rise of affordable 3D printers for general consumers has exacerbated these concerns, making it increasingly vital for digital forensics investigators to identify and analyze vital artifacts associated with 3D printing. In our study, we focus on the identification and analysis of digital forensic artifacts related to 3D printing stored in both Linux and Windows operating systems. We create five distinct scenarios and gather data, including random-access memory (RAM), configuration data, generated files, residual data, and network data, to identify when 3D printing occurs on a device. Furthermore, we utilize the 3D printing slicing software Ultimaker Cura version 5.7 and RepetierHost version 2.3.2 to complete our experiments. Additionally, we anticipate that criminals commonly engage in anti-forensics and recover valuable evidence after uninstalling the software and deleting all other evidence. Our analysis reveals that each data type we collect provides vital evidence relating to 3D printing forensics.
Design and Characterization of a Digitally Tunable Gm-C Filter for Multi-Standard Receivers
Authors: Oliveira Mateus S. , Carvalho Matheus B. S. , Müller Crístian , Compassi-Severo Lucas , de Aguirre Paulo C. C. , Girardi Alessandro G.
Published: July 2024

This paper presents the design, simulation, prototyping, and measurement results of a digitally tunable fourth order Gm-C low-pass filter (LPF) for multi-standard radio receivers. The LPF cut-off frequency can be tunned by digitally selecting the transconductance of the basic reconfigurable operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) that compose the circuit. Four operation modes allow for control of the OTA transconductances and, consequently, the scaling of power consumption. The filter was designed and prototyped in a 1.8 V 180 nm CMOS process. The measurement results indicate that the configurability provides a cutoff frequency of 1.90/3.56/6.07/8.15 MHz with a power consumption ranging from 9.9 to 13.1 mW. The designed filter achieves an IIP3 of 8.17 dBm for a signal bandwidth of 8.15 MHz. The performance, in terms of power dissipation, noise, and cut-off frequency, is at the same order of magnitude compared to recent related works reported in the literature. The advantages are a compact area, small sensitivity to component mismatches, and low design complexity. The proposed filter presents electrical characteristics suitable for the application in radio receivers for multi-carrier WCDMA signals.