bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pressure Transient Behavior in Naturally Fractured Reservoirs: Flow Anaysis
Authors: Vasilev I. , Alekshakhin Y. , Kuropatkin G.
Published: October 2016

Naturally fractured reservoirs present a problematic type of oil and gas production target. It is not an exaggeration to say that big part of the world oil and gas reserves are concentrated in naturally fractured reservoirs (NFR).

Naturally fractured formations may have different genesis. Volcanic, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks undergo of fracturing and faulting as well while forming extensive and narrow system of highly conductive zones.

In this paper, we investigate and analyze core study results, drilling and completion in naturally fractured reservoirs; we demonstrate results of the well tests and interpret pressure build-up data. We draw conclusions about pressure transient behavior in naturally fractured formations and demonstrate a set of pressure build-up (PBU) drevative curves.
Application of Hydraulic Flow Units for History Matching of the Hydrodynamic Model of Tengiz Field
Authors: Kassenov Akzhan , Uzykanov Zhaslan
Published: October 2016

Tengiz field is one of the largest oil fields in the world. Reservoir is an isolated carbonate structure of a big area and big thickness. High heterogeneity caused by complex heterogenic and structural history of reservoir rises many uncertainties and makes characterization of reservoir extremely complicated. This fact alongside with big area and high hydrocarbon column of reservoir may make some of reservoir characterization techniques less effective. In this work was examined application of alternative Hydraulic Flow Units technique of distribution of permeability values for model. HFU technique divides reservoir to discrete units, which have lateral continuity and confirm lithological and facial heterogeneity of reservoir. This technique compared with classic porosity vs permeability correlations. Application of different permeability models were examined and compared through its effect on history matching of bottom hole pressures of Tengiz field simulation model. Additionally, was examined performance of two hydrodynamic simulators (E300 and Intersect) at conditions of big number of cells and high heterogeneity of reservoir.
A difficult airway in a child with Kaposi's Sarcoma of the epiglottis
Authors: Yip Elaine
Published: October 2016

The successful management of a difficult airway, whether anticipated or not, necessitates clinical expertise, adequate human resources, and appropriate equipment. The absence of any these key elements potentially exposes the patient to serious harm or even death. The emotion generated when dealing with such an emergency is often exacerbated in a paediatric patient. We present the case of a child with a difficult airway who presented to a low resource healthcare facility in rural South Africa. There was no available past medical history, the presenting diagnosis was unclear and there was a lack of specialist equipment. Despite these challenges anaesthetic management was successful. The unusual diagnosis of epiglottal Kaposi's sarcoma was made retrospectively at a tertiary centre.
Apnoeic oxygenation for glottic stenosis surgery
Authors: Falzon David , Ball D. R.
Published: October 2016

Airway management for laryngeal carcinoma with glottic stenosis is challenging. Tracheal intubation may not be achievable and a variety of open airway techniques have been described with low or high frequency jet ventilation, as well as intermittent apnoea to allow an unrestricted view for surgery to proceed. Tracheostomy is another option [1]. We report successful use of apnoeic mass movement oxygenation by insufflation of oxygen via a narrow‐bore cricothyroid cannula, with intravenous general anaesthesia for laser reduction of laryngeal tumours in two adult patients. The technique described provides a completely open, still, operative field and avoids the need for tracheostomy.
High flow nasal apnoeic oxygenation in a high risk patient
Authors: Raffles Michael , Stolady Daniel , Pearson Darcy , Blunt Mark
Published: October 2016

High flow nasal oxygenation uses the phenomenon of aventilatory mass flow to provide continuous oxygenation during the apnoeic period between induction of anaesthesia and tracheal intubation. It has been shown to significantly increase the time to desaturation in cases of difficult intubation. We describe a case of a lady with CREST syndrome (a variant of scleroderma) presenting for surgery. Her disease included gastro‐eosophageal reflux, a potentially difficult airway and poor left ventricular function. Neuraxial blockade was contraindicated due to coagulopathy and localised cellulitis over her lower back. High flow nasal oxygenation was employed during induction, allowing a slower more controlled induction whilst maintaining haemodynamic stability. We believe this to be a well‐tolerated, effective method of increasing apnoea times, giving more flexibility over speed of induction when the classical rapid sequence induction may result in unacceptable cardiovascular instability.
Plethysmographic pulse oximeter waveform monitoring for impending vasovagal syncope
Authors: Dubey prakash k. , Sanjeev Om P.
Published: October 2016

Vasovagal syncope during central neuraxial blockade is a recognised phenomenon. We report a case of syncope, which was preceded by an increase in the amplitude of the plethysmograph trace. We review the physiological changes leading to such an episode and the role of plethysmographic pulse oximeter waveform variation monitoring in the prediction of syncope.
Return of spontaneous circulation confirmed by two dimensional ultrasound following pulseless electrical activity arrest
Authors: Miller Matthew , Grant Peter , Krishnaraj Murali
Published: October 2016

We report a case of Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA) cardiac arrest following induction of anaesthesia where, in the absence of central pulses, the return of spontaneous circulation was confirmed by two‐dimensional ultrasound (2D US) and colour flow Doppler of the femoral artery. When cardiac arrest occurs in hospital confirmation of palpable pulses forms part of the assessment of the return of spontaneous circulation and is a guide to subsequent therapeutic decisions. However difficulties in identifying central pulses during cardiopulmonary resuscitation are well documented. With the increasing availability and familiarity of 2D US, this modality may provide an option for assessment of quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the return of spontaneous circulation.
Change the Only Constant
Authors: Juyal Itika
Published: October 2016

Mind struggled the bewildering night.People talking of their sacred book and preaching of love all their life.Youth has nothing to recite,Old is sinking in the modern light.Affectionate heritage has shaped into a wildering sight.Passion has engulfed the world with bruised lullaby.The embered sky could not hue the azured flight,Maa arrayed in the reverie of sight.All night long nothing stirred, the bewildering mind searched for identity unheard.
I Know Not Death
Authors: Singh Shatakshi
Published: October 2016

Death, the foreigner who strikes fear in every manDeath, the shadow who lingers over every man‘I know not thee,’ I saidUnaware of its power‘I am your end,’ it said,‘Waiting for you in the pyre,’ The fear struck me and stayed with me forever. I refused to believe and heard him scorn.‘Go away,’ I said,Refusing to accompany him.‘I am you and you are me,’ he said.Forcing me to believe in him. They told me Death is an ultimate end,Everyone faces him, heIs a mystery they said, unknownTo even those who believe in him. I grew up amidst his ever growing presenceI gathered my courage to face him.But every time the shrouded figure stood before me,I crumbled with fear, shaken. ‘I know not thee,’ I said.Unaware of his power.‘I am Death’, he said‘The shadow of your Sire.’
Serum nitric oxide levels in subjects with high creatinine value in comparison of healthy control subjects
Authors: Kumar* Ramesh , Jain Ritika
Published: October 2016

Creatinine is a chemical waste molecule that is generated from muscle metabolism and is produced from creatine. The kidneys maintain blood creatinine levels in normal range. Creatinine has been found to be a fairly reliable indicator of kidney function. Elevated creatinine level signifies impaired kidney function or kidney disease. Since nitric oxide (NO) is produced by three types of Nitric Oxide Synthases (NOSs), rapid changes in stable oxidized metabolites (nitrite and nitrate) in the tissues and blood should be represented by the amount of stable forms in the serum and may reflect changes in the body. The serum samples were collected from the individuals with high levels of creatinine and normal range. Nitrite was measured by a Griess reaction while nitrate was measured using the enzymatic one step assay with nitrate reductase. The total 36 samples (18 normal range (N) and 18 high creatinine values (H)) were evaluated for the NO levels. The age group varies from 6-74 and 20-80 for normal and high level of creatinine respectively. The levels of creatinine in the normal range and high values varies from 0.71-0.93 (mean=0.86+0.01) and 1.59-11.59 (mean=4.34+0.77), respectively. When the nitrite (15.19+1.73 µM versus 12.84+1.19 µM, P>0.05) and nitrate (24.94+2.60 µM versus 27.76+2.42 µM, P>0.05) levels were compared between these groups no significant differences were observed. Results of this study reveal that there is no correlation between nitric oxide production and the serum creatinine levels. However, those results are preliminary and have to be confirmed in sample of larger size.
Antifungal activity of plant extracts against dandruff causing organism Malassezia furfur
Authors: Pingili* Mamatha , Vanga Sridhar , Raparla Rama Krishna
Published: October 2016

In the present study, an attempt was made to know the activity of different plant extracts against the dandruff causing organism Malassezia furfur. Various parts of twelve different plants were collected and their crude as well as powered extracts were used for the activity studies. The evaluation was done using cup plate method. Sensitivity of the organism to marketed antidandruff shampoos was also studied. Of all the extracts, antifungal activity was shown by lemon, amla, shikakai, henna (decreasing order of activity). These results were compared with the antifungal activity of three branded shampoos. On comparison, it is inferred that plant extracts showed promising activity against Malassezia furfur when compared with the marketed antidandruff shampoos.
Effect of EMS and SA on seed germination percentage in M1 generation of Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) Dc.
Authors: Sonavane A. S.
Published: October 2016

In the present investigation, the two chemical mutagens namely Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and Sodium azide (SA) were used to induce mutations in winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.). Winged bean is a potential legume crop of the tropics with high protein and oil content in the seeds. For larger scale cultivation however, the major drawbacks possessed by winged bean should be minimized. The drawbacks such as presence of undesirable antinutritional factors, absence of market demands and labour intensive nature of crop.Hence its production and productivity need to be improved from the present level. A mutation breeding programme was undertaken with the objective of developing improved varieties of winged bean so that it can be popularized among the farmers for its cultivation over large areas. Thus in the present studies, attempts have been made to induce mutations in winged bean and to find out the effect of EMS and SA on seed germination percentage in M1 generation.
Prevalence of depression in breast cancer patients and its association with coping skills at Ahvaz shefa hospital
Authors: Behrouzian Forouzan , Nazarinasab* Masoumeh , Mousavi Shima
Published: October 2016

This study was conducted to evaluate depression in patients with breast cancer and its relationship with coping skills. This study was a descriptive epidemiological study in which 178 women with breast cancer that referred to Shafa hospital in Ahvaz were studied. Beck depression inventory was used to measure depression of the group under study Boyer coping skills inventory was used to measure the coping skills. After collecting data they were analyzed in spss software program and the results were obtained. The results showed that the use of maladaptive style in the participants was statistically significant in the study and there was a positive and significant correlation between maladaptive style and depression score and the maladaptive style predicted 58% of the variance in the depression scores. Also, the relationship between the demographic, treatment duration, marital status, education and number of children and depression scores was statistically significant but there was no significant relationship between depression and income, type of treatment, employment status and age. Finally it was concluded from the current study that patients with breast cancer who were tested in the study use the maladaptive and destructive style to deal with everyday problems and this is also associated with their depression; meanwhile factors such as marital status, number of children and education played a positive and significant role in reducing and controlling their depression.
Metabolic effects of sinus and mandibular glands of the ghoust crab, Ocypode macrocera
Authors: Allayie Sartaj Ahmad , Parray* Mushtaq Ahmed , Bhat Bilal Ahmad , S. Ravichandran
Published: October 2016

The influence of sinus and mandibular glands on the metabolism of the Ocypode macrocerawas studied. Carbohydrate content of heart, hepatopancreas, muscles and hemolymph of eyestalk extract injected crabs was significantly higher than that of control, ablated and cheliped injected crabs (P<0.05). Protein content of heart, gill, muscles and hemolymph of ablated crabs was also significantly higher than that of control, eyestalk extracted injected and cheliped injected crabs (P<0.05). The result showed that the lipid content in the hepotopancreas (2.46 mg/g) and ovary (3.24 mg/g) of ablated animals was significantly higher when compared to control, eyestalk extract injected and cheliped injected crabs. Similarly carbohydrate content of gill, hepatopancreas and muscles of mandibular injected crabs was significantly higher than that of control and cheliped injected crabs (P<0.05). Protein content of heart, gill, hepatopancreas, muscles and hemolymph of mandibular injected crabs was significantly higher than that of control and cheliped injected crabs. The result showed that mandibular extract injection decreased the lipid content of hepatopancreas and muscles.
Evaluate the incidence of thyroid cancer metastases to cervical lymph nodes in patients referred to an ear, nose and throat specialist Imam Khomeini in Iran in 2013 to 2016
Authors: Mashali Leila , Sayahi* Manal
Published: October 2016

Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy. Lymph node metastasis is common in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma, especially in children and young adults and can be sued during admission. Aim of this study is Evaluate the incidence of thyroid cancer metastases to cervical lymph nodes in patients referred to an ear, nose and throat specialist Imam Khomeini in Iran in 2013 to 2014.Material and Method: all patients who were hospitalized and undergoing thyroid surgery at a medical center of Imam Khomeini Hospital (RA) in Ahvaz from early in April 2013 to end of March 2016 and the thyroid cancer diagnosis was confirmed according to the pathology samples for them. Pathology samples were collected through existing records in the archives of Imam Khomeini Hospital (RA) of Ahvaz Jundishapur University. The information contained in the records includes age, gender, types of thyroid cancer, history of thyroidectomy keeping with the nodules, presence of metastasis and its sites on the basis of information contained in the records. analysis was performed by using SPSS 16 software.Results: frequency related to papillary cancer with 23 patients (59%) and medullary cancer with 6 patients (15.4%) and follicular and anaplastic cancers each ones with 3 patients (7.7%). 20 patients (51.3%) were diagnosed with metastatic thyroid cancer. Most metastasis was related to lymph metastasis in 11 patients (28.2%) and the lowest metastasis was lung metastasis in 2 patients (5.1%) and 19 patients (48.7%) had no metastasis and 7 patients had metastasis to several organs. 24 patients (61.4 %) had thyroid nodules. 9 patients (23.1%) cold nodules with calcification and 10 patients (25.6%) cold nodules without calcification and 1 patient (2.6%) with hot nodules have been reported.Conclusion: papillary cancer had the highest frequency and it is suggested to conduct specific study in this field and also carry out a study on pathologic assessment of lymph nodes isolated for checking the hidden metastases
Seed-borne fungi of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] and their possible control in vitro using locally available fungicides in Botswana.
Authors: Khare* K. B. , D. Loeto , K. Wale , M. Salani
Published: October 2016

Seeds of three cowpea cultivars namely Black eye, ER 7 and Tswana obtained from the Department of Agriculture Research, Gaborone were tested for the presence of seed-borne fungi, and their possible control in vitro using locally available fungicides. Four hundred fifty seeds of each cultivar of cowpea were disinfected with 2% sodium hypochlorite solution for 10 min and washed three times with sterile distilled water before placing them in PDA plates (5 seeds/9 cm Petri plate), incubated at 22±2o C for 12 hour each under continuous light and dark. A total of eight fungi were detected from seeds of cowpea. These were Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Cylindrocarpon sp., Fusarium equisiti, F. oxyaporum, Penicillium chyrosogenum, Rhizopus oligosporus and R. stolonifer. Rhizopus spp. were dominant fungi recovered from seeds, followed by Penicillium, Aspergillus, Fusarium and Cylindrocarpon. The fungi detected resulted in decay and rotting of seeds, and thereby reducing percentage germination of seeds (22%, 37% and 63 % seed germination in Black eye, ER7 and Tswana varieties of cowpea respectively). Out of four fungicides tested, benlate, captan, dithane M 45 and chlorothalanil. Dithane M45 effectively controlled seed-borne fungi, and enhanced seed germination to an average of 86% (93% germination with no fungi detected in Tswana variety) as compared to chlorothalonile (79%), benlate and captan (77%) and un-treated seeds (45%). The fungal incidence was reduced to 2.3%, 4.3%, 5.3% and 5.3% when seeds were treated with dithane M-45, chlorothalonil, benlate and captan respectively as compared to 62% in non-treated seeds.
Association of Alu I polymorphism in estrogen receptor beta gene with adverse pregnancy outcome in HEV infection
Authors: S. Singh , K. Karra V. , K. Daga M. , A. Kumar , A. Husain S. , S. Choudhary , K. Hazam R. , K. Polipalli S. , Kar* Premashis
Published: October 2016

Hepatitis E has both a high incidence and severe course in pregnant women in some geographic regions of HEV (Hepatitis E virus) endemic countries. Intrauterine fetal death, preterm delivery, and perinatal mortality are reported to be higher in pregnant women with HEV infection. Alteration in the steroid hormone levels show high incidence of FHF (Fulminant Hepatic Failure) with high mortality in hepatitis E during pregnancy. The present study is designed to look for the association between ESR (Estrogen Receptor)-beta gene polymorphism for Alu I restriction site and pregnancy outcome. The study group comprised of 142 pregnant women with HEV infection in third trimester, 103 AVH (Acute Viral Hepatitis) cases and 39 ALF (Acute Liver Failure) cases. The control group comprised of 142, age and gestation matched healthy pregnant women with no obstetrics and medical complications. The inclusion criteria for the study group are pregnant women in third trimester with positivity to HEV IgM and/or HEV RNA in the age group of 18-40 years. Genomic DNA is extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes using DNA extraction kit according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The polymorphism study is done by using ESR2 specific primers and its genotype is determined by Alu I restriction enzyme. The occurrence of variant A allele for AluI restriction site is significantly higher in mothers with HEV infection who had preterm (25%) than full term delivery (10%) with OR 2.989 (95% CI = 1.265-8.084, p<0.05) and low birth weight (26.6%) than average birth weight (6.3%) babies with OR 5.399 (95% CI= 2.01-18.26, p<0.05) in pregnant women with HEV infection. The occurrence of variant A allele of ESR beta for AluI restriction site is significantly higher in mother of low birth weight babies (23%) than average birth weight babies (5.5%) in AVH group with OR 5.056 (95% CI= 1.634-21.57, p<0.05) and preterm (40.5%) than full term (0%) delivery in ALF group (p= 0.04). The higher occurrence of variant A allele for AluI restriction site of ESR-beta gene polymorphism is found to be associated with preterm delivery and low birth weight in pregnant women with HEV infection, preterm delivery in ALF group and low birth weight babies in AVH group.
Molecular marker systems with special reference to the Silkworm Bombyx mori L.
Authors: Buhroo Zafar Iqbal , Bhat* Muzafar Ahmad
Published: October 2016

Study on genetic diversity is critical to success in any crop breeding and it provides information about the quantum of genetic divergence and serves a platform for specific breeding objectives. Genetic diversity is a particular concern because greater genetic uniformity in silkworm can increase vulnerability to pests and diseases. Hence maintenance of genetic diversity is a fundamental component in long term management strategies for genetic improvement of silkworm which is cultivated by millions of people around the worlds for its lustrous silk. In view of the present study, genetic diversity studies carried out in silkworm using divergent methods (Quantitative traits, biochemical and molecular markers) and present level of diversity, pertaining to the literature has been reviewed. Genetic diversity is the genetic variation within species, both among geographically separated populations and among individuals within a single population. Genetic diversity is an essential aspect in conservation biology because a fundamental concept of natural selection states that the rate of evolutionary change in a population is proportional to the amount of genetic diversity present in it. Decreasing genetic diversity increases the extinction risk of populations due to a decline in fitness. Therefore, both biochemical and molecular markers have recently been employed to estimate the extent of genetic diversity present among various types of silkworm strains such as mono-, bi and multivoltines present in China, Japan, Korea, India, and several other countries.
Primary ciliary dyskinesia – Kartagner syndrome
Authors: R. Agarkhedkar S. , Tambolkar Sampada , Jadhav Renuka , Priya* Adi Padma , Nagendra Koramutla
Published: October 2016

PCD is an inherited disorder characterised by impaired ciliary function leading to chronic Sino pulmonary disease, persistent middle ear infections, left –right orientation defects and infertility. Estimated frequency of PCD is 1 in 12,000 to 1 in 20,000 live births. It is diagnosed by recurrent respiratory tract infections and presence of clinical phenotype and ultrasuctural defects of cilia. We are reporting a case of kartagner syndrome in a 12 yrs. old child. She had history of recurrent respiratory tract infection, chronic otitis media. Kartagner was diagnosed by phenotypic presentation and HRCT THORAX suggestive of detrocardia with situs inversus with bronchiectasis with recurrent Sino pulmonary disease and persistent middle ear infection.
A Report of Data-Intensive Capability, Institutional Support, and Data Management Practices in Social Sciences
Authors: Jeng Wei , Lyon Liz
Published: October 2016

We report on a case study which examines the social science communityâ€™s capability and institutional support for data management. Fourteen researchers were invited for an in-depth qualitative survey between June 2014 and October 2015. We modify and adopt the Community Capability Model Framework (CCMF) profile tool to ask these scholars to self-assess their current data practices and whether their academic environment provides enough supportive infrastructure for data related activities. The exemplar disciplines in this report include anthropology, political sciences, and library and information science. Our findings deepen our understanding of social disciplines and identify capabilities that are well developed and those that are poorly developed. The participants reported that their institutions have made relatively slow progress on economic supports and data science training courses, but acknowledged that they are well informed and trained for participantsâ€™ privacy protection. The result confirms a prior observation from previous literature that social scientists are concerned with ethical perspectives but lack technical training and support. The results also demonstrate intra- and inter-disciplinary commonalities and differences in researcher perceptions of data-intensive capability, and highlight potential opportunities for the development and delivery of new and impactful research data management support services to social sciences researchers and faculty.Â
Towards a Collaborative National Research Data Management Network
Authors: Humphrey Chuck , Shearer Kathleen , Whitehead Martha
Published: October 2016

This paper describes the plans and strategies to develop Portage, a national network of sustainable, shared services for research data management (RDM) in Canada. A description of the RDM context in Canada is provided. This environment has heightened expectations around the Government of Canadaâ€™s Open Science plans and includes deliverables aimed at improving access to publications and data resulting from federally funded scientific activities. At the same time, a recent environmental scan published by Canadaâ€™s three federal research granting councils reveals significant gaps in services, infrastructure, and funding mechanisms to support RDM. In addition, Canadaâ€™s RDM environment consists of stakeholders from a variety of communities with minimal ongoing coordination or cooperation. The Portage network was conceived as a collaborative network model based on librariesâ€™ strong connections with researchers across the disciplines, an ethos of curation and preservation, and experience with systems for managing data in all its forms. A pilot project provided Portage with a vision and set of principles, and identified several objectives as the small wins that would build the trust and shared understanding required for a successful network. Current services and activities of Portage, including a data management planning tool and an infrastructure project, are described in this paper. Portage now faces the challenge of moving from project to operational network, and the challenge of establishing a sustainable governance model. CARL appointed a Steering Committee that will be proposing a full governance model at the conclusion of this transition period. Using a framework of factors identified in the literature, several relevant collaborative and network governance models are being explored.This paper outlines experience to date with Portage and matters under consideration for long-term sustainability, with a goal of engaging international colleagues in discussion and furthering the concepts for the benefit of RDM networks everywhere.Â
Promoting Interactive Visualisation at University of Oxford: The Live Data Network
Authors: Hadley Martin John , Noble Howard
Published: October 2016

This article introduces the Live Data project funded by the Research IT Board of the University of Oxfordâ€™s IT Services department. The primary aim of the project is to support academics in creating interactive visualisations using a variety of cloud-based visualisation services, which the academic can freely embed within academic journals, blogs and personal websites through the use of iframes. To achieve this the project has been funded from October 2015 to March 2017 to recruit visualisation case studies from across the University and to develop software agnostic workflows for the creation of interactive visualisations. Within this report we present interactive visualisations as a vital component of the academicâ€™s toolkit for engaging potential collaborators and the general public with their research data â€“ thereby bridging the so-called â€˜data gapâ€™ between data, publication and researcher.Â
Evaluación de sustratos en un cultivo de lechuga bajo un sistema hidropónico en el municipio de Pasto
Authors: Guerrero Elizabeth Marcela , Revelo Juan Camilo , Benavides B. Orlando , Chaves J. Germán , Moncayo Carlos Álvaro
Published: October 2016

La horticultura es un importante renglón económico en Nariño, este proyecto se realizó como una alternativa para mejorar la producción y calidad de lechuga. En el Centro Internacional de Producción Limpia Lope - SENA - Regional Nariño, se realizó la evaluación de los sustratos fibra de coco y cascarilla de arroz con sus respectivas mezclas bajo un sistema hidropónico sobre una estructura en forma de “A” para la producción de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.) en un área de 10 metros2 para un total de 200 plantas, donde se evaluaron las variables altura, diámetro, peso total, peso de cabeza, peso de raíz y rendimiento. Se utilizó un diseño irrestrictamente al azar, con 5 tratamientos y 4 repeticiones, con los siguientes tratamientos; sustrato 100% cascarilla de arroz, mezcla de 70% cascarilla de arroz y 30% fibra de coco, mezcla del 50% de cada uno de los sustratos utilizados, mezcla 70% fibra de coco y 30% cascarilla de arroz y el tratamiento de sustrato 100% fibra de coco. Las mezclas de los sustratos fibra de coco y cascarilla de arroz obtuvieron mejor respuesta para las variables evaluadas que los sustratos individuales, los cuales dieron plantas con mejor desarrollo fisiológico en las variables diámetro peso de cabeza, y rendimiento. En cuanto a la rentabilidad el tratamiento 70% fibra de coco y 30% cascarilla de arroz fue el mejor con un porcentaje del 12%.
Evaluación agronómica de líneas avanzadas de fríjol voluble Phaseolus vulgaris L. en Paipa, Boyacá
Authors: Ríos M. Diana Katherine , Viteri R. Silvio Edgar , Delgado H. Hernando
Published: October 2016

En Boyacá la oferta de germoplasma de frijol mejorado es baja. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el comportamiento agronómico de 18 líneas avanzadas volubles de frijol, procedentes del CIAT. Se utilizó el diseño bloques completos al azar, con tres repeticiones, incluyendo Bola Roja, Bolívar y Cargamanto como testigos. Se evaluó días a floración, vigor de crecimiento, días a madurez, incidencia de enfermedades, número de vainas/planta, número de granos/vaina, peso de 100 granos y rendimiento. Los genotipos MAC27, MAC13, MBC26, MBC28 y MBC37 no se diferenciaron del Cargamanto pero sí mostraron ser más precoces que Bola Roja y Bolívar. En días a madurez MAC27 y MBC39 fueron más tempranos que los testigos. Todos los genotipos se comportaron como resistentes a enfermedades, excepto MBC30 que resultó susceptible a Uromyces phaseoli y MBC33 a Phoma exigua. En número de vainas por planta, número de granos por vaina, peso de 100 semillas y rendimiento se destacaron MAC27 y LAS399, sin diferencia significativa frente a Cargamanto pero si superando a Bola Roja y Bolívar. Pese al efecto de las heladas en la fase final del ciclo, LAS399, MAC27 y Cargamanto produjeron rendimientos de 1300, 1038 y 950 kg/ha, respectivamente, mostrando las ventajas de su precocidad, en comparación a Bola Roja y Bolívar que son tardíos. Se concluye que LAS399 y MAC27, por su alta precocidad y resistencia a patógenos, son las líneas más promisorias para continuar la evaluación respecto a la posibilidad de ampliar la oferta de germoplasma de frijol voluble en Boyacá.
Saber popular de especies forrajeras en la zona central de Nicaragua: un estudio en grupos focales
Authors: Vásquez L. Fabio , Mora D. Jairo , Aguilar Stoen Mariel
Published: October 2016

En el presente estudio se hace una descripción de la tecnología local de manejo de pasturas y se analizan las percepciones locales sobre el consumo de plantas por el ganado. Se estudia la clasificación local y valoración que los lugareños otorgan a las especies herbáceas y leñosas forrajeras presentes en los potreros. El estudio se realizó en la zona piloto del proyecto Pasturas Degradadas en Centroamérica (PD) en Muy Muy, Nicaragua. Los datos fueron obtenidos mediante diferentes técnicas de investigación cuantitativa y cualitativa. Se aplicaron técnicas cualitativas para recabar información en profundidad del acervo de conocimiento local respecto al uso de vegetación arbórea, arbustiva y herbácea en las fincas ganaderas. Se registró un total de 25 especies herbáceas forrajeras, siendo las variedades más reportadas la grama natural (Paspalum sp), pasto estrella (Cynodon plectostachyus K. Schum.) Pilg. y jaragua (Hyparrhenia rufa). De la misma manera, fueron identificadas las especies leñosas más frecuentes en las fincas ganaderas el guácimo (Guazuma ulmifolia Lam), madero negro (Gliricidia sepium Jacq.) y roble (Tabebuia rosea). Se concluye que el conocimiento de los productores es empírico y funcional. Esto significa que es derivado de la experiencia práctica y generalmente en función de las actividades realizadas por su propia voluntad o inducida por agentes externos
La Revista Ciencias Agrícolas de la Universidad de Nariño: 44 años de periplo exitoso
Authors: Chaves J. Germán , Torres M. Francisco Javier , Castillo M. Álvaro
Published: October 2016

El presente artículo de reflexión desde una perspectiva analítica, refiere el periplo de la de la Revista de Ciencias Agrícolas de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas de la Universidad de Nariño, y se elaboró mediante la consulta bibliométrica de todas las ediciones en un periodo de 44 años, y recoge los antecedentes más importantes de los 401 artículos que se han publicado periódicamente desde 1969 hasta el año 2013; además, de manera complementaria se revisó bibliografía especializada que permitió examinar los alcances de este importante medio de difusión universitaria. En la indagación previa del contenido de los artículos referidos se identificaron resultados de trabajos de pregrado, investigaciones, tesis de grado de maestría y resultados de los grupos de investigación de la Universidad de Nariño. De igual manera, el análisis contempla aspectos relevantes, como los antecedentes de la publicación, el/los autor(es), las áreas del conocimiento que trata cada artículo y las especies vegetales investigadas. Por lo demás, la investigación es importante por ser la primera en su género, y aporta elementos de análisis tendientes a evaluar y mejorar el desempeño de este importante medio de difusión del conocimiento científico agrícola a nivel regional, nacional e internacional. Cabe destacar que la Revista logro en 2010 la indexación ante COLCIENCIAS con categoría C, ingresando en el Índice Nacional de Publicaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas-PUBLINDEX, calificación que ha mantenido hasta la actualidad.
Crecimiento de café (Coffea arabica L.) durante la etapa de almácigo en respuesta a la salinidad generada por fertilizantes
Authors: Sadeghian Khalajabadi Siavosh , Zapata H. Raúl Dario
Published: October 2016

La salinidad del suelo puede afectar negativamente el crecimiento de las plantas, e incluso causar su muerte. Esta investigación tuvo como propósito, determinar el efecto de la salinidad generada por fertilizantes en el crecimiento de café Coffea arabica L. durante la etapa de almácigo. Se recolectaron muestras de suelo en dos Estaciones Experimentales (EE) de Cenicafé (Naranjal en Caldas y Timbío en Cauca) y una finca cafetera (FC) en Jamundí (Valle del Cauca). Bajo el diseño completamente aleatorio se evaluó para cada suelo la respuesta de café variedad Caturra a 27 tratamientos (factorial 33), resultantes de tres dosis de calcio-Ca, de magnesio-Mg y de potasio-K (0, 1 y 3 g dm-3  de suelo), empleando como fuentes sulfatos. La conductividad eléctrica (C.E.), como indicador de la salinidad, se incrementó en conformidad a las dosis, con valores más altos para el Mg, seguido por K y Ca, resultado que se relacionó principalmente con el índice de salinidad de los fertilizantes y su solubilidad. Las diferencias de la C.E. entre las localidades (EE Naranjal>EE Timbío>FC Jamundí) se atribuyeron a la capacidad de éstos para retener la humedad. Conforme al aumento de la salinidad disminuyó el peso de las plantas, hasta causar síntomas de toxicidad y posterior muerte. El nivel crítico de la C.E., calculado para el 90% del crecimiento relativo, correspondió en promedio a 1,1 dS m-1.
La educación en suelos empieza a edad temprana
Authors: Burbano O. Hernán
Published: October 2016

El trabajo analiza la educación, su acción e importancia; la necesidad de educación en suelos a edad temprana; los desarrollos de la educación en suelos para niños; y presenta una propuesta de educación en suelos para niños de Colombia, en el ámbito de la Sociedad Colombiana de la Ciencia del Suelo.
Comportamiento agronómico de poblaciones de maíz amarillo Zea mays L. en la región andina del departamento de Nariño
Authors: Lagos B. Tulio César , Torres M. Francisco Javier , Benavides C. Carlos Ándres
Published: October 2016

El trabajo se realizó en las localidades de Buesaco, Tangua, San Bernardo y Matituy del departamento de Nariño, con el propósito de evaluar el comportamiento agronómico de cuatro poblaciones de maíz amarillo UDENAR ALBA, TL2007A-1807-23x24 y INIAP180-9MS1 y puntilla 2M-S1,  pertenecientes a la colección de trabajo de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrícolas de la Universidad de Nariño y una variedad comercial ICA V-305. En el análisis se pudo observar que las variables días a cosecha (DAC), mazorcas por planta (MPP), peso de 100 semillas (P100) y rendimiento (RTO) evidenciaron diferencias estadísticas para la interacción genotipo por ambiente. Matituy se comportó como la localidad precoz con 190,78 días a cosecha DAC, Buesaco por su parte mostró un índice de prolificidad de 1,36 MPP diferenciándose estadísticamente con la demás localidades, además de presentar diferencias estadísticas con respecto a las variables P100 y RTO. En el análisis de adaptabilidad y estabilidad con el modelo AMMI, los tratamientos más estables fueron ICA V305, TL2007A-1807-23x24 y UDENAR ALBA, mientras que INIAP 1809MSI y Puntilla 12M-S1 resultaron ser los de mayor variación en su comportamiento y por lo tanto, mayor interacción con los diferentes ambientes.
Comportamiento del fruto de uchuva Physalis peruviana L., bajo diferentes temperaturas de almacenamiento
Authors: Pinzón Elberth Hernando , Reyes Andrea Johana , Álvarez-Herrera Javier Giovanni , Leguizamo María Fernanda , Joya José Gregorio
Published: October 2016

disminuyendo considerablemente su vida poscosecha. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior se han desarrollado diferentes técnicas que permiten desacelerar los procesos normales de maduración, entre las que se encuentran, la modificación de atmósferas o el almacenamiento a diferentes temperaturas, siendo éste último, muy utilizado por la facilidad de manejo y bajo costo. Por lo anterior, se evaluó el comportamiento del fruto de uchuva ecotipo Colombia sometido a diferentes temperaturas de almacenamiento, a los que se les evaluó la pérdida de masa fresca, índice de color, firmeza, sólidos solubles totales y acidez total. Se presentaron diferencias significativas para todas las variables evaluadas entre los tratamientos bajo refrigeración y el testigo. La temperatura de almacenamiento, influyó sobre todas las características físicas y químicas evaluadas de manera satisfactoria, ya que luego de 18 días después de almacenamiento los frutos refrigerados conservaron su calida
Evaluación de sistemas de selección en ambientes alternados e in situ en trigo Triticum aestivum L.
Authors: Campuzano D. Luis Fernando , Molina G. José , Rajaram Sanjaya
Published: October 2016

El proceso de mejoramiento en trigo alternando localidades conocido como Selección Alternada o Shuttle Breeding ha sido el camino más eficiente para introducir y seleccionar genes para resistencia a royas, insensibilidad al fotoperiodo y de enanismo; atributos de importancia para el incremento del rendimiento. Después de 35 años de su aplicación en México y en otras partes del mundo, se realizó el presente trabajo con el objetivo de evaluar las bondades del sistema alternado y determinar entre los sistemas alternados (Toluca-Cd. Obregón, Batán-Cd Obregón y Batán-Toluca) e in situ (Toluca-Toluca, Cd. Obregón-Cd. Obregón y Batán-Batán) el que proporciona el mayor número de líneas de trigo con alto rendimiento y estabilidad y la asociación de las localidades de evaluación con la adaptación especifica o general. El material genético se derivó de seis cruzamientos de trigo y después del proceso de selección masal modificada se escogieron 32 líneas por sistema, para ser evaluadas en un diseño alfa-lattice de 14 x 14 en un ciclo agrícola en tres ambientes de selección, en Ciudad Obregón, Batán y Toluca, en México. Los resultados mostraron que la selección alternada en relación con la selección in situ resultó superior en 2,2% en rendimiento de grano y el mejor sistema fue B-T por haber presentado el mayor rendimiento y el mayor número de líneas de alto rendimiento y estables. En contraposición, los sistemas B-Y, T-T y Y-Y fueron los que aportaron el menor número de líneas estables de alto rendimiento.
Clusters agrícolas: un estado del arte para los estudios de competitividad en el campo
Authors: Tapia B. Lina , Aramendiz T. Hermes , Pacheco Q. Jessica , Montalvo P. Alba
Published: October 2016

En el siguiente trabajo se revisó cómo se ha abordado el fenómeno del cluster en la agricultura debido a que el encadenamiento entre eslabones de la producción y los modelos de gestión de sistemas agrícolas son cada vez más importantes para el equilibrio de mercado de los productos agroalimentarios, principalmente en un entorno que impulsa el crecimiento acelerado en la demanda de alimentos, bienes industriales y biocombustibles. Para tal propósito se discutió la relación entre agricultura, desarrollo rural, cadenas agroalimentarias y clusters agrícolas. Luego se seleccionaron trabajos de investigación internacionales y latinoamericanos que se ocuparon de caracterizar, medir o diseñar estos sistemas, con el fin de identificar variables, tipos de enfoques, métodos de estudio y principales aportes a la mejora de su productividad y competitividad. Al final, se encontró que los estudios de caso ad hoc han sido los métodos más aplicados, seguidos de los análisis multivariados y las tablas inputs-outputs. Además, se pudo ver que el enfoque cuantitativo a través de la simulación matemática, apenas comienza a incluirse en el problema de diseño de clusters agrícolas y que la preocupación por este tema en Latinoamérica también es reciente.
Caracterización molecular de Trichoderma spp. en arveja Pisum sativum L.
Authors: Checa C. Oscar Eduardo , Descance V. Jessica Andrea , Toro C. Maribel Xiomara , Álvarez Sandra Lorena , Salazar G. Claudia
Published: October 2016

Mediante marcadores RAPDs se determinó la variabilidad genética de aislamientos de Tricoderma spp. encontrándose alto polimorfismo con los primeros OPA 03, OPD 05, OPA 01 y OPB 01. La variación molecular observada fue baja (26%) entre las poblaciones de Trichoderma spp. identificadas por su origen geográfico como Ipiales, Pupiales y Gualmatán. En contraste la variación dentro de las poblaciones fue alta, superando el 70%. Las especies de Trichoderma spp. encontradas no mostraron una relación con el origen geográfico. Los aislados se agruparon con base en la diversidad genética de Jaccard. El rango de distancia genética entre los distintos aislamientos estuvo entre 0,37 y 1,42. La especie más frecuente fue T. harzianum que mostró alta variación al estar presente en todos los agrupamientos.
Análisis de la sostenibilidad de los procesos de fortalecimiento de la asociatividad rural: El caso de Asomora
Authors: Rodríguez E. Holmes , Ramírez G. Carlos Julián
Published: October 2016

En Colombia, se han implementado diversas políticas públicas de apoyo a la organización de productores rurales, como estrategia para mejorar el acceso al mercado de los pequeños productores, con resultados poco satisfactorios para el esfuerzo realizado. El objetivo de éste estudio fue identificar los factores relacionados con el logro de la sostenibilidad de los procesos de fortalecimiento de la asociatividad rural. Se realizó una investigación cualitativa a partir del estudio de caso de la Asociación de Productores de Mora (Asomora) de la localidad de Trujillo en el departamento del Valle del Cauca. El proceso de fortalecimiento de la asociación, tuvo como logro más importante el incremento en el ingreso del productor por el acceso directo al mercado. Sin embargo, el proceso no logró alcanzar la sostenibilidad de la organización debido principalmente al individualismo, bajo compromiso de los productores con la organización y falta de capital financiero para competir con los intermediarios. Los resultados de este estudio permiten concluir que para el logro de la sostenibilidad de los procesos de asociatividad rural, se deben abordar de manera integral aspectos: económicos, técnicos, ambientales, políticos y sociales, que permitan garantizar la construcción de capital social, por medio de relaciones de confianza entre los asociados y su compromiso para el logro de los planes construidos de manera participativa, mediante la acción colectiva.
Actividad biológica de hongos entomopatógenos sobre Premnotrypes vorax Hustache (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Villamil C. Jorge Enrique , Martínez O. John Wilson , Pinzón Elberth Hernando
Published: October 2016

El gusano blanco (Premnotrypes vorax Hustache) ocasiona pérdidas considerables en el cultivo de la papa, las cuales pueden llegar hasta el 100% dependiendo del nivel de infestación y manejo del cultivo. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar el efecto individual y combinado de dos aislamientos autóctonos de Beauveria spp. en comparación con dos bioplaguicidas a base de Metarhizium anisopliae y Beauveria brongniartii, sobre P. vorax en condiciones de campo. Se empleó el Diseño Completamente al Azar, con ocho tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones Se hicieron inoculaciónes mediante aspersión dirigida a la base de la planta, utilizando una concentración 5x108 conidias.g-1. Se evaluó porcentaje de daño, porcentaje de control y rendimiento al momento de cosecha (t ha-1). Los resultados indicaron que las cepas comerciales en combinación Metaril® W.P + B. brongniartii® W.P (T6) y el aislamiento autóctono de Beauveria sp. Bv01 (T1), presentaron los menores porcentajes de daño (3,1±0,06 y 3,5±0,2%), los mayores porcentajes de control (77±0,46 y 76,7±1,78%), y la mejor producción (19±0,40t ha-1 y 18±0,25t ha-1) con diferencias significativas (Duncan p≤0,05) respecto a los demás tratamientos y el control regional. Se destacó el T6, ya que mostró el mejor potencial biológico por su rendimiento en cosecha, representando una alternativa promisoria para el control de P. vorax al ser incorporado dentro de un esquema de manejo integrado de la plaga en la región.