bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Karta z dziejów pewnej międzynarodowej idei oświatowej. Uniwersytet ludowy jako miejsce edukacji kulturalnej w regionie
Authors: Maliszewski Tomasz
Published: February 2024

W szkicu podjęto próbę ukazania roli, jaką w działalności instytucji oświatowych typu uniwersytet ludowy (UL) odgrywała edukacja kulturalna na przestrzeni stu kilkudziesięciu lat ich istnienia. Prezentowana analiza dowodzi, że dochodzenie uniwersytetów ludowych do realizacji zadań kulturalnych miało charakter stopniowy, albowiem pierwotnie stawiano im zadania nieco odmienne – głównie budzenia świadomości obywatelskiej warstw chłopskich. Autor wyróżnia trzy okresy w światowej historii wzajemnych relacji między uniwersytetami ludowymi a edukacją kulturalną: pierwszy – w którym akcentowano konieczność budowania nowej świadomości kulturalnej mieszkańców wsi w duchu agraryzmu (XIX i początek XX w.); drugi – w którym w wielu krajach pojawił się nowy typ uniwersytetu ludowego – UL, akcentujący zaspokajanie potrzeb kulturalnych swych środowisk społecznych (do przełomu lat 60. i 70. ubiegłego wieku.); trzeci – w którym uniwersytety ludowe zaczęły być placówkami dostępnymi dla każdego, realizując różnorodne zajęcia czasu wolnego, w tym szeroką ofertę związaną z kulturą (od lat 70. XX w. do czasów współczesnych).Na tle zarysowanej w tekście ewolucji miejsca edukacji kulturalnej w uniwersytetach ludowych (z przesunięciem jej w czasie na polskim gruncie o około 20 lat) widać, jak konkluduje autor, że współcześnie doszliśmy w wielu krajach do takiego etapu w rozwoju uniwersytetów ludowych, w którym placówki te mogą stanowić ważne ogniwa animacji kulturalnej w regionie. Autor zachęca również współczesne społeczności regionalne w różnych częściach świata, aby korzystały także z tej sprawdzonej w działaniu koncepcji oświatowej, gdy będą planowały własne działania edukacyjne związane z aktywnością kulturalną
Edukacja i uczenie się – wokół pojęć
Authors: Muszyński Marcin
Published: February 2024

Celem artykułu jest ukazanie znaczenia pojęć „edukacja” i „uczenie się” w odniesieniu do ustaleń poczynionych na gruncie andragogiki przez badaczy pochodzących z krajów anglosaskich. Uzasadnieniem dokonania takiej analizy jest teza wskazująca na znaczny wpływ, głównie brytyjskiej andragogiki, na prace polskich badaczy. Mimo tych inspiracji można zauważyć znaczące różnice w sposobach rozumienia podstawowych terminów tworzących terminologiczną siatkę andragogiki
Uczenie się w dorosłości – trudności i ich kompensacja
Authors: Matlakiewicz Alina
Published: February 2024

Celem artykułu jest wybiórcze przytoczenie badań, które wyjaśniają – z przyjętej przez badaczkę perspektywy – zjawisko utrudnień oraz efektów uczenia się w dorosłości. Autorka charakteryzuje uczenie się dorosłych w świetle behawioryzmu i kognitywizmu. Wskazuje na problemy uczących się dorosłych: obszary regresu poznawczego, spadek sprawności pamięci, koncentracji, czasu reakcji. Następnie charakteryzuje bariery w uczeniu się dorosłych i sposoby ich pokonywania pod postacią praktycznych wskazówek, jak lepiej się uczyć i zapamiętywać.
OS ESTUDOS DE POLÍTICAS EDUCACIONAIS NA PERSPECTIVA DA FORMAÇÃO INTEGRAL: uma revisão sistematizada
Authors: Ferreira Francinara Silva , Colares Maria Lília Imbiriba Sousa
Published: February 2024

Este artigo apresenta uma revisão sistemática acerca das Políticas Públicas Educacionais articuladas para a implantação da Educação Integral na Região Oeste do Pará. Assim, buscou-se analisar produções acadêmico-científicas de discentes que desenvolveram pesquisas de Mestrado no Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação/Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará (PPGE/UFOPA), vinculados ao Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas – HISTEDBR/UFOPA, foram selecionadas 09 dissertações defendidas no período de 2016 a 2020. Os estudos observados discutem Política Educacional, Educação Integral, Educação de Tempo Integral, e apontam que no Brasil, a Educação Integral tem sido alvo de muitas discussões (FERREIRA, 2016; AGUIAR, 2016; SIQUEIRA, 2016; GOMES, 2017, dentre outros), pois apresenta-se ainda como desafio para a comunidade escolar. Essa realidade é evidenciada também no Oeste Paraense, pois constatam-se entraves para a promoção da educação integral na região, conforme apontam as pesquisas desenvolvidas pelos pesquisadores do PPGE/UFOPA.
RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA SOBRE RODAS DE CONVERSA ON-LINE COM PROFESSORES
Authors: Moreira Mariana de Castro , Barroso Júnior Maurício
Published: February 2024

O artigo tem como intencionalidade relatar e discutir a possibilidade de um espaço de conversa on-line com professores do ensino básico da rede pública de educação durante a pandemia de COVID-19, entendendo um contexto de desigualdades educacionais, como isso afeta o trabalho docente e consequentemente sua saúde psíquica. Para isso, tomou-se como ponto de partida um relato de experiência de estágio supervisionado no curso de Psicologia que propunha a realização de rodas de conversa como dispositivo de intervenção, além de uma pesquisa bibliográfica com referenciais da própria Psicologia, como a Psicodinâmica do Trabalho, e de autores da Educação, com ênfase nas contribuições político-pedagógicas da obra de Paulo Freire. Nessa perspectiva, entende-se as rodas de conversas remota no período de pandemia como um ambiente construído coletivamente com os participantes, o qual proporciona um local de diálogo, escuta e compartilhamento de experiências de suas realidades com os pares, possibilitando as ampliações de si, do mundo, de pensar e repensar as práticas educativas, as instituições e o território que habitam no sentido de fortalecê-las. E da mesma forma estimular a autonomia das participantes, suas potencialidades e capacidade criativa, no sentido de permitir a abertura e a constituição de novas estratégias subjetivas assim como de processos formativos por meio da conversação on-line.
Ensuring quality of life after a craniotomy: a comparison of awake and ‘asleep’ cortical mapping
Authors: Ramadan Francesca
Published: February 2024

A craniotomy is an intensive and invasive procedure, and many patients will be initially alarmed at the prospect of remaining fully or partially awake during such a major operation. Yet, the literature seems to suggest that awake craniotomies may be of greater benefit, with sustained consciousness throughout the procedure associated with improved cortical mapping and postoperative outcomes. However, as with all healthcare interventions, careful consideration of patient-related factors is key in maintaining an individual's functioning and quality of life. Francesc Ramadan elaborates.
BANN conference: October 2024
Authors: Derbyshire Julie
Published: February 2024

In this month's British Association of Neuroscience Nurses (BANN) Pages, Julie Derbyshire provides further information on the upcoming BANN conference and introduces readers to Scott Wilson, one of the winners of BANN 2023's ‘Best clinical presentation’ award.
Advances in epilepsy
Authors: Palmer Sarah Jane
Published: February 2024

In this article, the author provides an overview of the advances made in epilepsy research and how these new therapies can positively affect the lives of those living with the condition.
Intention to sign an advance directive among nephrology medical staff and its related factors
Authors: Fang Li , Hsiao Li-Ping , Fang Shu-Hui
Published: February 2024

Background:

Advance care planning enables people to record their future health and care wishes and appoint someone as an advocate. An advance directive can be made in the event that a person is incapacitated, so that their wishes are still upheld. The beliefs of the nephrology team might affect patients' choices and willingness to sign an advance directive. To increase the number of dialysis patients who have signed an advance directive, it is necessary to educate the nephrology medical staff.

Aim:

To explore the intention to sign an advance directive and its related factors among nephrology medical staff.

Methods:

A cross-sectional and correlational design was used. This study recruited 160 nephrology medical staff. Data were analysed by using the Statistical Package for Social Science 21.0 for Windows.

Findings:

The results found that the longer someone has worked as part of the nephology medical staff, the more knowledgeable they were about an advance directive. This led to them being more likely to want to sign an advance directive for themselves.

Conclusion:

In order to improve the knowledge and awareness of advance directives among nephrology medical staff, hospital managers should provide continuing education on this topic.
Exploring the experiences of adults adjustment when living with a primary brain tumour
Authors: Nyatanga Brian , Wormington Rosemary , Wilkinson Lucy
Published: February 2024

Background:

Brain tumours are the ninth most common cancer in the UK, and account for 3% of all new cancer cases.

Aim:

To understand the impact of living with a primary brain tumour and identify adjustments that patients make in order to cope with their condition. This also encomapsses the impact of interventions like support groups in terms of care and therapeutic value.

Methods:

After ethical approval, a qualitative approach was employed, which set out to interview 11 adult patients living with primary brain tumours. The interviews were conducted face-to-face and were semi-structured interviews. Interview data were coded and thematic analysis used.

Findings:

Four themes were developed, namely: adjustment; loss of independence; support; and health and symptoms.

Conclusion:

Living with a brain tumour leads to an inevitable adjustment to maintain day-to-day life. The findings suggest there are a number of adjustments that patients make to maintain some independence. Many people valued the support they received from support groups, while others felt that the support they received was inadequate. The mandatory loss of a driving licence for people in the UK was the most concerning. Its removal led to a loss of confidence and made them immediately dependent on others for travel. While support was provided, there was an apparent omission in the provision of psychological support. Oncology and palliative care nurses are in key positions to explore psychological concerns and offer tailored support.
Examining the effectiveness of bored pile coral for coral rehabilitation
Authors: PUTRI NOVITA PERMATA , MUHARAM MUHAMMAD RIFAT , RITONGA ABDULRAHMAN , RUSWANTI CORINA DEWI , ARTHEN DIAN , MUNASIK MUNASIK
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Putri NP, Muharam MR, Ritonga A, Ruswanti CD, Arthen D, Munasik. 2024. Examining the effectiveness of bored pile coral for coral rehabilitation. Biodiversitas 25: 153-161. Semut Island is located in Kiabu Village, Anambas Islands, Riau, Indonesia, and has suffered significant damage to its coral cover due to blast fishing. To address this issue, Anambas Foundation initiated a coral reef rehabilitation on Semut Island using a customized artificial reef called Bored Pile Coral (BPC), a cylindrical structure made of concrete hammered into the seabed. This research aims to examine the effectiveness of BPC by monitoring its performance. Therefore, from February 2022 to January 2023, 1,500 BPCs were deployed and attached with corals covering an area of 170 m2. We quantified five ecological indicators, i.e., coral cover, survival rate, recruitment, growth rates, and fish biomass. Results showed an increase in coral cover from 3.8% to 8%. The survival rate was 64%, and the mean monthly growth rates varied among three genera: Pocillopora sp. (0.235±0.02 month-1), Acropora sp. (0.22±0.03 month-1) and Porites sp. (0.08±0.02 month-1). The monthly mean fish biomass data showed the biomass was 427,25 Kg/Ha and increased 3,9 times since the beginning of the research. BPC's structure has been proven to act as stable media for hard corals, although the modification may be necessary to enhance structural complexity and suitability for carnivorous fish habitats.
Agricultural landscape composition alters ant communities in maize fields more than plant diversity enrichment
Authors: PASARIBU DESI NATALIA , RIZALI AKHMAD , TARNO HAGUS , PRIAWANDIPUTRA WINDRA , JOHANNIS MIDZON , BUCHORI DAMAYANTI
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Pasaribu DN, Rizali A, Tarno H, Priawandiputra W, Johannis M, Buchori D. 2024. Agricultural landscape composition alters ant communities in maize fields more than plant diversity enrichment. Biodiversitas 25: 205-213. Fragmented natural habitats in human-modified landscapes play a crucial role in conserving biodiversity. Ants, as keystone species, are integral to terrestrial ecosystems, making it essential to comprehend the factors influencing their survival. This study investigates the impact of agricultural landscape composition and plant diversity enrichment (flowering plants) management on shaping ant communities in maize (Zea mays L.) fields. The research occurred in maize fields surrounded by other crops, semi-natural habitats, and housing areas in Malang District, East Java, Indonesia. The four agricultural areas were divided into control and treatment plots, considering landscape composition parameters, particularly Class Area (CA) and the Number of Patches (NP), measured within a 500 m radius. The landscape around the maize fields was characterized by manually digitizing land use. Six types of plant diversity enrichment were employed in this study: wild cosmos (Cosmos caudatus), white buttercup (Turnera subulata), sunflower (Helianthus annuus), long bean (Vigna unguiculata), ornamental bean (Arachis pintoi), and coral vine (Antigonon leptopus). The study was divided into the dry season (April-July 2022) and the wet season (September-December 2022). Ant sampling was conducted using pitfall traps and, based on generalized linear models, revealed that plant diversity enrichment management did not affect species richness, abundance, or composition of ants. Landscape composition positively influenced ant species richness but negatively impacted species composition, particularly the number of semi-natural habitat patches. Maize crop age also positively influenced ant species richness but negatively affected beta diversity. Wet season was also found to have a negative effect on beta diversity. In conclusion, the proportion of semi-natural habitats in agricultural landscapes and crop age contribute significantly to species richness and species composition of ants.
Structure and distribution of palm tree species in Altingia excelsa planted forest in Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: SADILI ASEP , SALAMAH ANDI , MIRMANTO EDI , KARTAWINATA KUSWATA
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Sadili A, Salamah A, Mirmanto E, Kartawinata K. 2024. Structure and distribution of palm tree species in Altingia excelsa planted forest in Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 249-256. Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park (GGPNP) is a conservation area consisted of natural forest and planted forest, including Altingia excelsa Noronha stands which were planted in 1925. As a result of secondary succession, various plants grow under Altingia excelsa stands, including palm tree species (Arecaceae). This research was conducted to determine the structure, population, and distribution patterns of palm trees in Altingia excelsa planted forest in Bodogol Resort, GGPNP. The data were collected by establishing a one-hectare plot divided into 100 subplots of 10 m × 10 m. Palm tree species with a Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) ?3 cm were measured, and the tree heights were estimated. Data analysis included Relative Dominance (RDo), Relative Density (RDen), Relative Frequency (RF), Importance Value Index (IVI), Shannon Wiener Diversity Index (H'), Evenness Index (E), Index of Dispersion (ID), analysis of variance values (S2) and Chi-square analysis (Q). The study results recorded four species from three genera of Arecaceae which consisted of 171 trees with a total Basal Area (BA) of 0.63 m2/ha. Pinanga coronata (Blume ex Mart.) Blume was the most dominant palm tree species with IVI of 156.89%), followed by Pinanga sp. (IVI=72.04%), Caryota rumphiana Mart. (IVI=55.77%), and Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr. (IVI=15.38%). In term of diameter class distribution, Pinanga coronata and Pinanga sp. were regenerating well. Spatial distribution patterns of Arenga pinnata, Caryota rumphiana, and Pinanga sp. were regular, while Pinanga coronata was clustered. Periodical studies in the future to determine the mortality and natality of the palm trees are recommended to understand the dynamics of vegetation succession.
Genetic diversity and connectivity of Red Snapper Lutjanus gibbus in the Papua Waters, Indonesia
Authors: PRANATA BAYU , SALA RIDWAN , KUSUMA ARADEA BUJANA , TOHA ABDUL HAMID A. , PURBANI DEBORA CHRISTIN , MOKODONGAN DANIEL FRIKLI , SIPRIYADI SIPRIYADI
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Pranata B, Sala R, Kusuma AB, Toha AHA, Purbani DC, Mokodongan DF, Sipriyadi. 2024. Genetic diversity and connectivity of Red Snapper Lutjanus gibbus in the Papua Waters, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 276-286. There is limited knowledge regarding the genetic connectivity and diversity of the Red Snapper (Lutjanus gibbus Forsskål, 1775) populations that inhabit Papua Waters, Indonesia. Thus, the current study attempted to ascertain the genetic characteristics, level of diversity and genetic connectivity of the L. gibbus population. We conducted genetic research on 38 L. gibbus specimens from five different places in Papua Waters. We analyzed the L. gibbus genetic characteristics, diversity and genetic connectivity using the Cytochrome C Oxidase subunit I (COI) gene as the genetic marker. There were 15 polymorphism sites in the COI gene sequence among L. gibbus individuals. Polymorphism occurs due to transversion and transition mutations. The COI gene fragment was translated, producing 188 amino acids composed of 19 different amino acids. A total of 13 distinct haplotypes were detected among the L. gibbus population residing in Papua Waters. The haplotype diversity (Hd=0.740) and nucleotide diversity (Pi=0.002) were relatively medium. The genetic structure study indicated that the 5 populations of L. gibbus in the Papua Waters had little genetic differentiation, as evidenced by a Fixation Index (Fst) of 0.018 (P-value 0.35386±0.01443). Based on this, the management of Red Snapper resources at these 5 locations must be carried out as a single unit.
Ecosystem carbon stock and annual sequestration rate from three genera-dominated mangrove zones in Benoa Bay, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: SUGIANA I PUTU , PRARTONO TRI , RASTINA RASTINA , KOROPITAN ALAN FRENDY
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Sugiana IP, Prartono T, Rastina, Koropitan AF. 2024. Ecosystem carbon stock and annual sequestration rate from three genera-dominated mangrove zones in Benoa Bay, Bali, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 287-299. The mangrove ecosystem is an ecologically productive wetland system that serves as a carbon sink. However, various factors have contributed to the variation in values when calculating ecosystem carbon stock and the sequestration rate in the mangrove ecosystem. The presence of varying environmental conditions has resulted in the categorizing different species of mangroves, which may lead to variations in ecosystem carbon stock and sequestration rates. In this study, we aim to assess the ecosystem carbon stock and sequestration rate of the mangrove ecosystem in Benoa Bay, Bali, Indonesia. The ecosystem has been categorized into three zones based on the dominant genera: Bruguiera, Rhizophora, and Sonneratia. This research aimed to investigate the influence of mangrove zoning on the variability of carbon stock values and sequestration rates within the ecosystem. The allometric calculation technique and net primary productivity and soil organic carbon percentage values obtained using the Loss on Ignition (LOI) method are used to estimate each zone's ecosystem carbon stock and sequestration rate. The findings of our study indicate that there are notable variations in the carbon stock of ecosystems across different zones. However, we did not observe any substantial changes in the annual carbon sequestration rates. The Sonneratia zone exhibits the maximum value of ecosystem carbon stock and sequestration rate (1,570.9±248.0 tCO2ha-1 and 81.8 tCO2ha-1yr-1), while the Bruguiera zone demonstrates the lowest values (1,029.6±130.9 tCO2ha-1 and 75.6 tCO2ha-1yr-1). The three zones' average carbon stock and sequestration rate are estimated as 338.2 tCha-1 (1239.9 tCO2ha-1) and 21.5 tCha-1yr-1 (78.9 tCO2ha-1yr-1), respectively. In total, the carbon storage and absorption capacity of Benoa Bay amounts to 421,149 tC (equivalent to 1.5 million tCO2), with an annual rate of 25,769.4 tCyr-1 (equivalent to 94,573.6 tCO2yr-1). We recommended that future ecosystem carbon stock evaluations consider mangrove-type zoning characteristics due to significant value fluctuations in various mangrove zones found.
Floristic composition of mangrove community in Ngurah Rai Forest Park and Nusa Lembongan, Bali, Indonesia
Authors: WIJAYA I MADE SAKA , SUGIANA I PUTU , ASTARINI IDA AYU , GINANTRA I KETUT , RAHIM KHAIRUL ADHA A.
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Wijaya IMS, Sugiana IP, Astarini IA, Ginantra IK, Rahim KAA. 2024. Floristic composition of mangrove community in Ngurah Rai Forest Park and Nusa Lembongan, Bali - Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 300-309. The floristic composition of mangroves can be influenced by various factors, one of which is the size of the island. In Bali, Ngurah Rai Forest Park is one of the mangrove areas in the mainland of Bali, while Nusa Lembongan on the southeastern mainland represents the mangrove on the small island. This research aimed to study the floristic composition of the mangrove species in Ngurah Rai Forest Park and Nusa Lembongan based on the species diversity and the structure of mangrove community. Based on the explorative method, both locations have 20 true mangrove species cumulatively, with 18 species in Ngurah Rai Forest Park and 15 species in Nusa Lembongan. The mangrove community structure is majorly composed by Sonneratia alba and Rhizophora (R. apiculata, R. mucronata, and R. stylosa) in trees, saplings, and seedlings. Sonneratia alba has more impact in relative dominance, while the Rhizophora has more impact in relative density. Based on the Shannon-Wiener Index of Diversity, the mangrove community status is Moderate in both locations in all growth forms (trees, saplings, and seedlings). The Index of Dominance and Index of Evenness indicates the mangrove community is in stable condition with no extremely dominated species and fairly even species distribution. The mangrove condition is categorized as Good with Dense Trees based on the Decree of the Minister of Environment number 201 of 2004.
Estrous characteristics and steroid concentrations in Aceh cows (Bos indicus) after estrus synchronization using prostaglandin F2a
Authors: HAFIZUDDIN HAFIZUDDIN , HUSNURRIZAL HUSNURRIZAL , THASMI CUT NILA , HERRIALFIAN HERRIALFIAN , SALSABIL NABILA LIONANDA , SIREGAR TONGKU NIZWAN , SUTRIANA AMALIA
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Hafizuddin, Husnurrizal, Thasmi CN, Herrialfian, Salsabil NL, Siregar TN, Sutriana A. 2024. Estrous characteristics and steroid concentrations in Aceh cows (Bos indicus) after estrus synchronization using prostaglandin F2a. Biodiversitas 25: 322-328. This study aims to determine the estrous characteristics and steroid concentrations during estrus in Aceh cattle after estrus synchronization using prostaglandin F2a. This study involved 9 Aceh cows with good reproductive status, not pregnant, and has shown at least 2 regular cycles, which were divided into 3 treatment groups. The first group (GI) received a single injection treatment, the second group (G2) received a double injection treatment with an interval of 10 days, and the third group (G3) was also treatment double injection with an interval of 12 days. Symptoms and responses to estrus were reported descriptively, and the data collected on onset, intensity, and duration of estrus were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Duncan's test. The results showed that estrus symptoms were almost similar and estrus response was 100% in all three treatment groups. The onset of estrus in G1, G2, and G3 did not differ significantly (P>0.05) with values of 68.00±18.33, 60.00±0.00, and 72.00±24.00 hours, respectively. The intensity of estrus in G1, G2, and G3 showed significant differences (P<0.05) with scores of 3.00±0.00, 5.00±0.00 and 4.33±1.15, respectively. The duration of estrus showed no significant difference in G1, G2, and G3 (P>0.05) with durations of 32.00±18.33, 72.00±0.00, and 52.00±38.57 hours, respectively. The concentrations of estradiol and progesterone obtained also showed no significant differences (P>0.05) in G1, G2, and G3, with respective concentrations of 91.67±24.77, 132.00±23.15, 89.47±24.19 pg/mL and 0.98±0.59, 0.86±0.18, 1.00±0.17 ng/mL. In conclusion, estrus synchronization with PGF2a single injection and double injection in Aceh cattle was found to have 100% estrus response. However, PGF2a with double injection showed higher estrus intensity compared to single injection. In Aceh cows, the recommended protocol for estrus synchronization using PGF2a is double injection.
Positive interaction of trembesi (Samanea saman) and arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi in Pb stabilization of gold-mine tailing media
Authors: SETYANINGSIH LULUK , RAMADHANI FILDZAH AISYAH , MUTTAQIN ZAINAL , MASLAHAT MAMAY
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Setyaningsih L, Ramadhani FA, Muttaqin Z, Maslahat M. 2024. Positive interaction of trembesi (Samanea saman) and arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi in Pb stabilization of gold-mine tailing media. Biodiversitas 25: 379-385. This experiment aimed to determine the ability of trembesi (Samanea saman Merr.) seedlings inoculated with AMF (Glomus manihotis) to reduce Pb from gold mine tailings media. Therefore, using plants and Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Fungi (AMF) is an alternative choice that can be considered to support a phytoremediation program to reduce Pb contamination in tailing areas. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design in a greenhouse with two factors, i.e., with and without AMF, and four different Pb treatments (0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mM). AMF-inoculated seedlings were grown on tailings media and exposed to Pb in different concentrations for 5 weeks. The results showed that the seedlings were still able to grow on the media with Pb up to 1.5 mM with a tolerance index of 91.6%. AMF induced the plant to accumulate Pb dramatically higher, even though this absorption tended to reduce plant biomass. Root tissue stored significantly higher Pb than stem and leaf tissue, with an average concentration was 526.29 mg/kg in the roots of mycorrhizal seedlings. The bioaccumulation level of Pb in mycorrhizal seedlings was significantly higher. The value of the transport factor was below 1, indicating that S. saman seedlings carried out the phytostabilization. The interaction of AMF with S. saman has a big potential to be applied in efforts to remediate Pb in tailings.
Selection for representative environment to identify high yielding and sweetness levels of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) in Indonesia
Authors: SOLIHIN ESO , SANTOSA DWI ANDREAS , NUGROHO BUDI , PURWONO PURWONO , SUDIRJA RIJA , MAULANA HARIS , KAMALUDDIN NADIA NURANIYA , KARUNIAWAN AGUNG , ANWAR SYAIFUL
Published: February 2024

Abstract. Solihin E, Santosa DA, Nugroho B, Purwono, Sudirja R, Maulana H, Kamaluddin NN, Karuniawan A, Anwar S. 2024. Selection for representative environment to identify high yield and sweetness levels of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 386-391. Sweet potato is one of the important and commercial agricultural commodities in the world. Yield and sweetness levels are important traits that can influence consumer preferences. Environment is an important factor in the development of sweet potatoes. A suitable environment will provide high yields and good quality. The objectives of this study were to examine the significance and relevance of sweet potato yield and sweetness levels in two locations (Sumedang and Bandung District) and to select representative environments for sweet potato yield and sweetness levels. The research was conducted in Sumedang and Bandung districts on lowland paddy field and dry land. The field experiment used a factorial randomized completed block design with three repetitions. The significance and relevance of sweet potato yield and sweetness levels was analysis using T-test. Representative environments were identified by GGE biplot. The results showed that the Bandung and Sumedang environments showed significant differences in yield but not in sweetness. The Bandung paddy field is the most representative environment for yield, while the Sumedang dry field and Bandung dry field are the most representative environments for sweetness. The results of this research can be used by researchers, farmers and industrial users in the sweet potato development program, especially the yield and yield quality.
Queer Littoral Desire in Edmund Gosse's Father and Son (1907)
Authors: Barrow Barbara
Published: February 2024

Abstract: This article investigates Edmund Gosse's Father and Son (1907) through the lens of the queer blue humanities. Drawing on the marine science of the English naturalist Philip Henry Gosse and the Jamaican naturalist Richard Hill, and the fin-de-siècle literary interest in the queer littoral, I show how encounters with coastal life fostered playful, fluid ways of thinking about gender and sexuality. At the same time, they also shed light on the precarity of a sea's edge subject to a rapidly growing tourist and collecting industry, and, in this way, merge queer and ecological forms of desire.
Cold War Sisterhood: The Women's Africa Committee, 1958–1968
Authors: Berger Iris
Published: February 2024

Abstract: During the late 1950s, prompted by the US State Department, an interracial group of national leaders of women's organizations in the United States formed the African Women's Committee to reach out to their African counterparts in the wake of successful independence movements throughout the continent. After consulting with numerous African women and leading experts on Africa, the committee initiated a program that brought groups of African women to the United States for short training programs designed to strengthen their leadership skills through both coursework and immersion in women's organizations. This article examines the assumptions both groups of women brought to their interactions and the ways the program changed during this period as a response to racist encounters in the US, new teachers in the classes and African women's evaluations of their experiences.
Simultaneous measurement of the surrounding refractive index and temperature using a local-micro-structured long-period fiber grating sensor operating near the phase-matching turning point
Authors: Wang Ying , Li Zhengyuan , Pang Bo , Wang Xinyu , He Yihao , Zhang Jinghong , Mupfukirei Leaven Romeo , Zhang Kai , Ling Qiang , Yu Zhangwei , Chen Daru
Published: February 2024

We have proposed a local-micro-structured long-period fiber grating (LMSLPFG) sensor near the phase-matching turning point (PMTP) for simultaneous measurement of the surrounding refractive index (SRI) and temperature. By using the HF solution or a femtosecond laser to partially change the cladding radius of LPFG, the LMSLPFG is realized. Such change affects the effective refractive index of cladding mode and further causes a new resonant peak in the spectrum. By using the transfer matrix method, the formation mechanisms of the peak in the middle of the LMSLPFG transmission spectrum corresponding to a little off-resonant state (ALOR) near PMTP and the other two peaks on both sides corresponding to the dual-peak resonance are studied. On this basis, the sensing characteristics of such three resonant peaks to SRI and temperature are analyzed. When the SRI and temperature change, the transmissivity of the peak in ALOR changes without a response occurring at resonant wavelength, while the wavelength of the other two dual peaks will respond proportionately. The numerical simulation results demonstrate that the sensitivities of the distance between the dual peaks to SRI and temperature are 777.14 nm/RIU and −0.22nm/∘C, respectively, and the sensitivities of single peak transmissivity to SRI and temperature are −394.06dB/RIU and 0.05 dB/°C, respectively. Therefore, the sensitivity matrix can be used to measure SRI and temperature simultaneously with a single LMSLPFG.
Long distance QKD propagation using optical single sideband scheme
Authors: Mallick Bandana , Parida Priyadarsan , Nayak Chittaranjan , Prasad Bibhu , Palai Gopinath , Goyal Amit Kumar , Massoud Yehia
Published: February 2024

Implementation of the passive radio over-fiber technique permits modulating the low-frequency sub-carrier onto an optical channel for dissemination through a light-wave fiber network. Single-sideband modulation for optical signals allows the impressive utilization of channel capacity in optical fiber. Dispersion reduction techniques limit the pulse spreading of a propagated signal in any photonic scheme. To control pulse-spreading effects, the optical single-sideband modulation technique at different phase shifts is modeled, analyzed, and compared to examine the performance of a sub-carrier multiplexing system. Hence, in this paper, a quantum key distribution network using a single sideband modulation technique based on a Li-Nb Mach-Zehnder modulator has been proposed at different electrical phase shifts. In this suggested model, the Optisystem 14.2 simulator is used to analyze the nonlinear characteristics. We have designed a single-sideband contour reduction and amplification with each couplet of 120 km by increasing the distance up to 720 km, and the phase between quantum states is determined. The system performance of the suggested model is investigated and compared based on output power (dBm), quality factor, eye diagram, bit error rate (BER), extinction ratio (ER), and optical spectrum of the received signal by varying link distance (km), channel spacing (nm), input power (dBm), and fiber dispersion (ps/ns/km).
Terahertz sensing with a 3D meta-absorbing chip based on two-photon polymerization printing
Authors: Chen Xueer , Ye Longfang , Yu Daquan
Published: February 2024

The narrowband meta-absorbers exhibit significantly enhanced electromagnetic confinement capabilities, showcasing broad application prospects in sensing fields. They can be applied for biomarker detection, chemical composition analysis, and monitoring of specific gas in the environment. In this work, we propose a 3D meta-absorber with an out-of-plane plasma mechanism based on a two-photon printing system. Compared to the conventional fabrication of a metal-insulator-metal 2D meta-absorber, the 3D absorber is composed of a metal layer and a resin layer from top to bottom; its manufacturing process is simpler, only including two-photon printing and magnetron sputtering deposition. A noticeable absorbing resonance appears at 0.3142 THz with perfect absorbance with a high Q-factor of 104.67. The theoretical sensitivity to the refractive index of the sensor reaches up to 172.5 GHz/RIU, with a figure of merit (FOM) of 19.56. In the experiments, it was validated as a meta-absorber with high sensitivity for doxycycline (DCH). As the DCH concentration increases from 0 to 4 mg/mL, the absorption intensity decreases around 49%, while the resonant frequency shift is around 70 GHz. It reflects the real-time residual content of DCH, and is potentially applied in trace antibiotic detection. The results showcase a perfect narrowband absorption capability with strong electromagnetic confinement in the terahertz spectrum, along with high-Q sensing characteristics of DCH. Compared to 2D metamaterials, the diversity of 3D metamaterial significantly expands, and introduces additional effects to provide greater flexibility in manipulating electromagnetic waves. The 3D device offers opportunities for the application of terahertz biochemical sensing.
Contribution of the eye and of opn4xa function to circadian photoentrainment in the diurnal zebrafish
Authors: Chaigne Clair , Sapède Dora , Cousin Xavier , Sanchou Laurent , Blader Patrick , Cau Elise
Published: February 2024

The eye is instrumental for controlling circadian rhythms in mice and human. Here, we address the conservation of this function in the zebrafish, a diurnal vertebrate. Using lakritz (lak) mutant larvae, which lack retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), we show that while a functional eye contributes to masking, it is largely dispensable for the establishment of circadian rhythms of locomotor activity. Furthermore, the eye is dispensable for the induction of a phase delay following a pulse of white light at CT 16 but contributes to the induction of a phase advance upon a pulse of white light at CT21. Melanopsin photopigments are important mediators of photoentrainment, as shown in nocturnal mammals. One of the zebrafish melanopsin genes, opn4xa, is expressed in RGCs but also in photosensitive projection neurons in the pineal gland. Pineal opn4xa+ projection neurons function in a LIGHT ON manner in contrast to other projection neurons which function in a LIGHT OFF mode. We generated an opn4xa mutant in which the pineal LIGHT ON response is impaired. This mutation has no effect on masking and circadian rhythms of locomotor activity, or for the induction of phase shifts, but slightly modifies period length when larvae are subjected to constant light. Finally, analysis of opn4xa;lak double mutant larvae did not reveal redundancy between the function of the eye and opn4xa in the pineal for the control of phase shifts after light pulses. Our results support the idea that the eye is not the sole mediator of light influences on circadian rhythms of locomotor activity and highlight differences in the circadian system and photoentrainment of behaviour between different animal models.
Quantitative PCR as a marker for preemptive therapy and its role in therapeutic control in Trypanosoma cruzi/HIV coinfection
Authors: Freitas Vera Lúcia Teixeira de , Novaes Christina Terra Gallafrio , Sartori Ana Marli Christovam , Carvalho Noemia Barbosa , Silva Sheila Cristina Vicente da , Nakanishi Érika Shimoda , Salvador Fernando , Castro Cleudson Nery de , Bezerra Rita Cristina , Westphalen Elizabeth Visone Nunes , Oliveira Caroline Medeji Ramos de , Busser Felipe Delatorre , Ho Yeh-Li , Buccheri Renata , Bonilla Carolina , Shikanai-Yasuda Maria Aparecida
Published: February 2024

Background

Trypanosoma cruzi and HIV coinfection can evolve with depression of cellular immunity and increased parasitemia. We applied quantitative PCR (qPCR) as a marker for preemptive antiparasitic treatment to avoid fatal Chagas disease reactivation and analyzed the outcome of treated cases.

Methodology

This mixed cross-sectional and longitudinal study included 171 Chagas disease patients, 60 coinfected with HIV. Of these 60 patients, ten showed Chagas disease reactivation, confirmed by parasites identified in the blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or tissues, 12 exhibited high parasitemia without reactivation, and 38 had low parasitemia and no reactivation.

Results

We showed, for the first time, the success of the timely introduction of benznidazole in the non-reactivated group with high levels of parasitemia detected by qPCR and the absence of parasites in reactivated cases with at least 58 days of benznidazole. All HIV+ patients with or without reactivation had a 4.0–5.1 higher chance of having parasitemia than HIV seronegative cases. A positive correlation was found between parasites and viral loads. Remarkably, treated T. cruzi/HIV-coinfected patients had 77.3% conversion from positive to negative parasitemia compared to 19.1% of untreated patients. Additionally, untreated patients showed ~13.6 times higher Odds Ratio of having positive parasitemia in the follow-up period compared with treated patients. Treated and untreated patients showed no differences regarding the evolution of Chagas disease. The main factors associated with all-cause mortality were higher parasitemia, lower CD4 counts/μL, higher viral load, and absence of antiretroviral therapy.

Conclusion

We recommend qPCR prospective monitoring of T. cruzi parasitemia in HIV+ coinfected patients and point out the value of pre-emptive therapy for those with high parasitemia. In parallel, early antiretroviral therapy introduction is advisable, aiming at viral load control, immune response restoration, and increasing survival. We also suggest an early antiparasitic treatment for all coinfected patients, followed by effectiveness analysis alongside antiretroviral therapy.
Utilizing a multi-stage transition model for analysing child stunting in two urban slum settlements of Nairobi: A longitudinal analysis, 2011-2014
Authors: Oduro Michael S. , Iddi Samuel , Asiedu Louis , Asiki Gershim , Kadengye Damazo T.
Published: February 2024

Introduction

Stunting is common among children in many low and middle income countries, particularly in rural and urban slum settings. Few studies have described child stunting transitions and the associated factors in urban slum settlements. We describe transitions between stunting states and associated factors among children living in Nairobi slum settlements.

Methods

This study used data collected between 2010 and 2014 from the Nairobi Urban and Demographic Surveillance System (NUHDSS) and a vaccination study nested within the surveillance system. A subset of 692 children aged 0 to 3 years, with complete anthropometric data, and household socio-demographic data was used for the analysis. Height-for-age Z-scores (HAZ) was used to define stunting: normal (HAZ ≥ 1), marginally stunted (-2 ≤ HAZ < -1), moderately stunted (-3 ≤ HAZ < -2), and severely stunted (HAZ < -3). Transitions from one stunting level to another and in the reverse direction were computed. The associations between explanatory factors and the transitions between four child stunting states were modeled using a continuous-time multi-state model.

Results

We observed that 48%, 39%, 41%, and 52% of children remained in the normal, marginally stunted, moderately stunted, and severely stunted states, respectively. About 29% transitioned from normal to marginally stunted state, 15% to the moderately stunted state, and 8% to the severely stunted state. Also, 8%, 12%, and 29% back transitioned from severely stunted, moderately stunted, and marginally stunted states, to the normal state, respectively. The shared common factors associated with all transitions to a more severe state include: male gender, ethnicity (only for mild and severe transition states), child’s age, and household food insecurity. In Korogocho, children whose parents were married and those whose mothers had attained primary or post-primary education were associated with a transition from a mild state into a moderately stunted state. Children who were breastfed exclusively were less likely to transition from moderate to severe stunting state.

Conclusion

These findings reveal a high burden of stunting and transitions in urban slums. Context-specific interventions targeting the groups of children identified by the socio-demographic factors are needed. Improving food security and exclusive breastfeeding could potentially reduce stunting in the slums.
Combining social protection interventions for better food security: Evidence from female-headed households in Amhara region, Ethiopia
Authors: Mussa Essa Chanie , Agegnehu Dessie , Nshakira-Rukundo Emmanuel
Published: February 2024

Ethiopia introduced its flagship poverty-targeted social protection program, the Productive safety net program (PSNP), in 2005 and Community-Based Health Insurance (CBHI) in 2011. Although both programs operate in several districts with some overlaps, evidence is scarce on how these large-scale programs jointly affect the food security of vulnerable groups. This study examines the impacts of a combination of these programs on food security outcomes among female-headed households in a chronically food-insecure and drought-prone district. Cross-sectional data were collected from 365 female-headed households selected through multi-stage sampling technique and analyzed using Inverse-probability-weighted regression adjustment (IPWRA) strategy to assess the effect of the programs on food security. The results show that while 63.6% of sample households are enrolled in CBHI and 48.8% are beneficiaries of PSNP’s conditional cash transfer (CCT) component, membership in both social protection programs was 38.9%. The IPWRA analysis finds that inclusion in the CCT combined with CBHI, on average, increased dietary diversity score by 0.918 (95% CI 0.779–1.057) and food consumption score by 0.576 (95% CI 0.464–0.688). It also reduced household food insecurity access scale by 8.658 (95% CI -9.775 – -7.541). In all assessments, a combination of CBHI and CCT always produced results of a larger magnitude than each of CBHI and CCT alone. The findings provide evidence of the potentials of integrating social protection programs to increase food security outcomes among the most vulnerable and marginalized groups in a developing country. In addition, the results have also useful implications to achieve sustainable development goals related to ending hunger and achieving food security among vulnerable groups.
Exploration of collective tactical variables in elite netball: An analysis of team and sub-group positioning behaviours
Authors: Hodder Ryan W. , Hopkins Will G. , Ball Kevin A. , Bahnisch Jamie , Serpiello Fabio R.
Published: February 2024

Collective tactical behaviours are aspects of player interactions that are particularly important in netball, due to its unique restrictions on player movement (players unable to move when in possession of the ball and positional spatial restrictions). The aim of this study was to explore variables representing collective tactical behaviours in netball. A local positioning system provided player positions of one team throughout seven elite-level netball matches. The positions were analysed to provide mean, variability (standard deviation) and irregularity (normalised approximate entropy) for each attack and defence possession (470 and 423, respectively) for the team and positional subgroups (forwards, midcourts and defenders) for 10 position-related variables. Correlational analyses showed collective tactical variables could be grouped as lateral and longitudinal dispersion variables. The variables were each analysed after log transformation with a linear mixed model to compare attack and defence and to estimate standardised effects on attack and defence of possession outcome, possession duration, score difference, match time, opposition strength and season time. During attack, the team and all sub-groups adopted greater lateral dispersion between players, while on defence there was generally greater longitudinal dispersion. The team also showed increased longitudinal dispersion when home and opposition possessions ended in a score. Additionally, greater irregularity was observed in active sub-groups (forwards on attack, defenders on defence). Score difference and opposition strength had trivial-small but generally unclear effects. In conclusion, these effects show that analysis of player positions on attack and defence is a promising avenue for coaches and analysts to modify collective tactical behaviours in netball.