bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Prevalence of Food Addiction Among a Sample of Saudi Adults and Its Association with Overweight and Obesity
Authors: Aljadani Haya , Alobodi Latifah
Published: June 2022

Background: Obesity is highly prevalent in Saudi Arabia. It significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality among Saudi population. Food addiction has received a lot of attention due to the increasing prevalence of obesity, which is directly related to over consumption. To our knowledge; no study has explored addiction to food among the Saudi. Objectives: To investigate the existence of food addiction in Saudi Arabian adults; and how it is associated with weight status; and other co-factors. Design: A cross-sectional study. Setting: healthy Saudi adults who volunteered to participate in an online survey (http://www.surveymonkey.com/), Saudi Arabia. Study population and Methods: The survey had 1384 responses but only 1059 of those met the criteria of the study (26% men and 74% women) ranging in age from 18 to 59. The Yale Food Addiction Scale was used to diagnose food addiction. Main Outcome Measures: Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between food addiction, overweight and obesity. Results: 10.9% of the entire study population diagnosed with food addiction. They were heavier by 13.8kgs. Those who were diagnosed with food addiction were 4.1%, 8.4% and 19.9 % among those who were healthy, overweight and obese respectively. The obese were 6.5 times more likely to have food addiction than those with normal weight. Food addiction found to be associated with people had a low income, were trying to lose weight, physically inactive, and watched TV, or used a phone for more than 5 hours each day. Conclusion: Food addiction was found to exist in Saudi people and it is associated with those who were heavier. Thus, urgent intervention is needed to manage and overcome this problem. Limitation: This is a cross-sectional study thus a longitudinal analysis is needed to evaluate the relationship between food addiction prevalence and weight status. The data was self-reported.
Evaluation and Analysis of Urban Open Spaces in the Capital Governorate in the State of Kuwait Using GIS
Authors: Alenezi Fawaz Abdullah , Aljenaid Sabah Saleh , Abido Mohammad Sulaiman , Redha Ghadeer M.K.
Published: June 2022

Urban areas in accordance with the standards of the third structural plan of the State of Kuwait, the ratio of population to the ratio of urban open space, population to the proportion of urban open space, and the coverage of open urban areas in residential suburbs to Total area, coverage ratio of open urban areas to total area, service range for suburban and residential beneficiaries, and distance of open urban areas from gas stations. The Suitability Analysis Method was used to select optimal locations for the establishment of new open urban areas, and the weight-of-standards method was selected for Weight Restrictions for Suitability Analyzing. The most common criterion for open spaces was the distance from gas stations, with 95% of suburbs meeting this standard. Through adequacy models, 17 areas were identified that matched the study criteria. Accordingly, the study recommended the necessity of establishing new open spaces, relying on GIS in identifying optimal locations for the establishment of new areas, and the need to maintain the maintenance of open space facilities, and the establishment of a central geographic information system that supports decision-makers in the management, control and maintenance of open spaces.
Working Capital Management and Financial Performance: Evidence from Non - Financial Firms Listed in Nepal Stock Exchange Limited
Authors: Singh Mohit
Published: June 2022

Purpose: This study examines the impact of working capital management on the financial performance of the non-financial firms listed on the Nepal Stock Exchange (NEPSE). Design/Methodology/Approach: The study is based on panel data analysis of 23 non - financial firms listed in NEPSE from 2001 to 2018 with 194 firm-year observations. When the return on assets (ROA) is used as a dependent variable, the Hausman Test and Wald Test suggest that a Fixed Effect Model (FEM) is acceptable, whereas Random Effect Model (REM) is appropriate when the return on equity is used as a dependent variable. Findings: The results reveal that longer receivable conversion period and inventory conversion period negatively affect the financial performance of non-financial firms. In addition, a longer payable deferral period negatively affects the return on equity of non-financial firms in Nepal, indicating that firms can reap profit by reducing the deferral period. Finally, the study shows a statistically significant relationship between the cash conversion cycle and return on assets. Research Limitations/Implications: The research is based solely on secondary data. As a result, the study contains all of the drawbacks that come with financial statements in annual reports. Practical Implications: The findings of the study will help owners and financial managers in better understanding the relationships between working capital management and financial performance of the firms, as well as formulating firm-specific working capital policies. Moreover, research scholars will benefit from this study as it aims to add to the existing literature by enhancing knowledge of the impact of working capital management on financial performance. Originality/Value: This is an original research study and examines the relationship between working capital management and financial performance of non-financial firms listed in NEPSE.
Knowledge Management Practices Amongst the Education Colleges in Bhutan and its Relation with Organizational Performance
Authors: Lhamo Tshering , Ratna Rajnish
Published: June 2022

Purpose – This study investigated the knowledge management practices adopted by the Education colleges in Bhutan and assessed their relation with the organizational performance. Design/methodology/approach – Hypothesis testing research design adopted for this study. Data was collected from 189 respondents from all the nine RUB colleges using a well-designed questionnaire. Findings – Analysis of the data indicates that the RUB colleges are mostly practicing explicit methods of knowledge management. Further, there is more prevalence of knowledge storage, knowledge transfer, and a better attitude towards knowledge management amongst the RUB Colleges’ staff. However, motivation and opportunities to share do not exist significantly. The study indicates that explicit-oriented knowledge management and knowledge transfer are significantly related to organizational performance. Research limitations/implications – The study could gather only 189 responses and studies the relation between two variables only – Knowledge management and organizational performance. Practical implications – There is a need to have proper policies and systems of knowledge management in the Bhutanese Education colleges to have advancement in knowledge management that will position the tertiary education institutes in the lead towards national socio-economic development. But this requires having all the stakeholders on board along with government support in terms of finance as well as trust and confidence. Originality/value – This study is unique as it focuses on educational institutions of Bhutan which are meant for knowledge sharing. This will pave the way for better management of knowledge amongst the education colleges.
Keep Sharp: Build a Better Brain at any age
Authors: Rawal Sugandh , Trivedi Sumedha
Published: June 2022

“Keep Sharp” aims to dispel prevalent misconceptions regarding cognitive deterioration. In addition, the author tried to provide pillars on which you can build your life to safeguard yourself as you age. Society has come to assume that we are born with a set number of neurons and that our brains will only deteriorate as we get older. Sanjay Gupta, a neurosurgeon, feels the research proves otherwise. According to new research, evidence-based approaches can help us establish new brain cells and connections.
Crocs, Inc.: Managing Corporate Resources (Strategic Perspectives)
Authors: Saeed Mohammad , Salo Miranda , Ondracek James , Bertsch Andy
Published: June 2022

The role of the strategic management process in organizations is to produce the best strategic plan that an organization can adopt based on its individual qualities and market position to achieve a superior competitive position in the market. The purpose of this study is to evaluate how the strategic management process can be utilized by Crocs, Inc. (Crocs) to gain and maintain a long-run competitive position in the footwear industry. This analysis considers and applies the three stages of the strategic management process, strategy formulation, strategy implementation, and strategy evaluation, to Crocs, utilizing Crocs’ current company data and strategic position and applying strategic management process tools. Analysis results feature a recommended vision and mission statement for Crocs, the best strategies for Crocs to pursue, how Crocs can progress toward achieving such strategies (through certain policies, risk considerations, and financial projections), and how the company can successfully evaluate and adapt strategies if necessary. This analysis implies how Crocs may best utilize the strategic management process to achieve success as a company in the footwear industry.
Neoliberal Kentleşmenin Mekânsal Yansıması Olarak Güvenlikli Siteler ve Türkiye
Authors: KARADAĞ Arife , DURUKAN Zehra
Published: June 2022

Kent coğrafyası alanındaki çalışmaların son yıllarda odaklandığı konulardan biri kentsel mekânın neoliberal dönüşümüdür. Hızlı küreselleşmenin bir sonucu olarak neoliberalizm, kentleri, mekânın metalaştırılması şeklinde etkilemiştir. Özelleşmiş eğitim ve sağlık hizmetlerinin ortaya çıkışı, kentlerin ikamet dokusunun ve alışveriş merkezleri yoluyla da ticaretin ve tüketimin değişen karakteri, kentsel peyzajda neoliberalizmin ortaya çıkardığı önemli sonuçlar arasındadır. İkamet özelliklerinin değişimi açısından neoliberal kentleşmenin dikkat çekici sembollerinden biri güvelikli sitelerdir. Güvenlikli siteler, 1990’lardan bu yana Türkiye’nin büyük şehirlerinde ama yakın yıllarda daha küçük şehirlerde de hızla yayılmaktadır. Bu şekildeki bir kentleşme, kent sakinleri arasında bir ayrışmayı da beraberinde getirmektedir. Güvenlikli sitelere odaklanan bu makalenin amacı, neoliberal kentleşmenin hem genel anlamda hem de Türkiye’nin başlıca büyük şehirleri özelinde bir değerlendirmesini yapmaktır. Neoliberal politikalar, Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de hem fiziksel hem de sosyo-mekânsal bir farklılaşmaya ve ayrışmaya yol açmaktadır. Bu ayrışmada, güvenlik ve toplumsal prestij kaygıları önemli bir rol oynamaktadır.
UPAYA GURU DALAM MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK MELALUI GAYA MENGAJAR MILENIAL DI MI NW NO. 1 BORO’ TUMBUH
Authors: Andri Afriani
Published: June 2022

Minat belajar sangat perlu untuk ditingkatkan  karena hal tersebut berpengaruh terhadap kualitas dan hasil belajar peserta didik. Untuk itu, para tenaga kependidikan diharapkan untuk terus berupaya mencari solusi atas permasalahan yang dialami peserta didik di zaman milenial ini, salah satunya yaitu masalah minat belajar peserta didik.  Tujuan dilakukannya  penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui upaya apa saja yang dilakukan guru dalam meningkatkan minat belajar peserta didik di zaman milenial serta apa saja faktor penghambat atau tantangan guru dalam meningkatkan minat belajar peserta didik. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dimana  pengumpulan datanya dilakukan dengan wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Informan dalam wawancara ini adalah  dewan guru yang mengajar beserta peserta didik-siswi di MI NW No. 1 Boro’ Tumbuh. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa upaya yang dilakukan oleh guru dalam meningkatkan minat belajar peserta didik cukup beragam, antara lain memberikan hiburan, melakukan pendekatan secara emosional dan personal, memanfaatkan teknologi yang berkembang pada zaman sekarang, dan mengadakan program literasi. Selanjutnya hal-hal yang menjadi penghambat guru dalam meningkatkan minat belajar peserta didik antara lain kurangnya kemampuan peserta didik dalam hal membaca, melemahnya semangat peserta didik untuk belajar di jam terakhir, dan media yang digunakan guru kurang bervariasi. Diharapkan kepada dewan guru supaya menggunakan strategi dan media pembelajaran yang lebih bervariasi, dan diharapkan supaya selalu bersedia mengembangkan kemampuan diri seiring berkembangnya zaman
Acquisition of notions of statistical variation by in-service teachers
Authors:   Departamento de Matemática Educativa Cinvestav, Sánchez Ernesto , García Jaime ,   Departamento de Matemática Educativa Cinvestav
Published: June 2022

A study with six middle school teachers on the notion of variation in the task of prediction is hereby presented. The SOLO hierarchy in which notions like randomness, structure and variation are included is applied. Variation related activities used in this study arise from the questions used in research on statistical variation but were also adapted to include computer simulation. The notion of no singular event emerged as a key for evaluation of the transition from multi-structural to relational thinking.
Preparing school teachers to develop students’ statistical reasoning
Authors:   University of Minnesota, Garfield Joan , Ben-Zvi Dani ,   University of Haifa
Published: June 2022

In this paper we discuss how two different types of professional development projects for school teachers are based on the same framework and are used to prepare knowledgeable and effective teachers of statistics. The first example involves a graduate course for masters’ students in elementary mathematics education at the University of Haifa, Israel. The second example is a graduate course for in-service secondary mathematics teachers, at the University of Minnesota, USA. The framework used is based on six instructional design principles described by Cobb and McClain (2004). Our view of such a classroom is a learning environment for developing a deep and meaningful understanding of statistics and helping students develop their ability to think and reason statistically “Statistical Reasoning Learning Environment” (SRLE).
Training statistics teachers for Botswana senior schools: is it necessary?
Authors:   University of Botswana, Garegae Kgomotso
Published: June 2022

The study sought teachers’ views on the need to train statistics teachers in Botswana. A purposive sample comprising 23 senior teachers and 30 ordinary teachers responded to an open-ended questionnaire soliciting their experiences about the teaching of statistics in schools. It was found that all teachers offering statistics had limited qualifications to teach statistics as they have been trained for mathematics teaching. The biggest challenges in statistical instructional practices were difficulties in solving questions and explaining concepts to students. The study findings suggest the necessity to train teachers so as to empower them with statistical pedagogical content knowledge and knowledge for teaching statistics.
A teacher training case in junior high schools of Guangzhou
Authors:   Teaching Research Office (TRO) of Guangzhou Education Bureau, Shihong Xu , Yi Lv ,   No.18 Junior High School, Bangquan Tang ,   TRO of Tianhe/Panyu/Liwan Districts, Reisheng Pan ,   TRO of Tianhe/Panyu/Liwan Districts
Published: June 2022

Much teacher training has been carried out in China since the new curriculum reform began in 2001. By analyzing a particular case of teacher training, this paper reveals how the Chinese government has organized teacher training since 2001 and shows the merits and shortcomings of this approach. The aim of the paper is to share our experiences in mass teacher training and encourage other researchers to explore their own effective approaches.
The statistical performance in a comparative study between central American teachers
Authors:   Texas State University, Alejandra Sorto M
Published: June 2022

The statistical performance on an instrument used to compare teachers’ knowledge in two Central American countries is examined. The hypothesis is that there are differences in the performance of statistics items given that one country has a higher allocation of resources for education and higher level of teacher preparation in statistics. A total of 250 third and seventh grade teachers, and primary pre-service teachers were surveyed from randomly selected schools in both countries. Results show that there are significant differences between countries for items measuring graphical comprehension and between seventh grade teachers and others for an item measuring statistical concepts in the context of teaching.
Mathematics in a statistical context?
Authors:   Université du Québec à Montreal, Gattuso Linda
Published: June 2022

Statistics is often taught as part of the mathematical curriculum in schools by mathematics teachers who often do not feel prepared to include it in their practice. They feel that they are stealing time that would be better used if dedicated to mathematics. We believe, however, that it is possible to develop a collaboration between the teaching of mathematics and the teaching of statistics. Using statistics as a realistic context to work on certain mathematical concepts can provide significant motivation for students. To accomplish this, it is essential to highlight the mathematical concepts underlying statistical concepts in order to link them in creating classroom activities that are also useful for teacher training. In this paper, we will try to illustrate this idea starting with examples gathered in school mathematics and in basic statistics.
An on-line professional environment to improve the teaching of statistics
Authors:   University of Cádiz, Azcárate Pilar , Serradó Ana ,   University of Cádiz, Cardeñoso Jose ,   University of Granada, Meletiou-Mavroteris Maria ,   Cyprus College
Published: June 2022

We present the foundations of a professional development program supported by the European Union (COMENIUS Project 226573-CP-1-2005, developed from December 2005 to December 2008), whose objective is to propose professional development strategies that foster the integration of the teaching and learning of statistical reasoning in European schools. The intention of the program is to promote professional development through cross-cultural collaboration between teachers of different European countries. To this end, an on-line professional learning environment has been designed. We present the referents that allow us to interpret the teachers’ reasoning and to understand how their intervention in the teaching and learning processes evolves.
Teachers’ professional development in statistics: The EarlyStatistics European project
Authors:   European University, Meletiou-Mavrotheris Maria , Paparistodemou Efi ,   European University, Mavrotheris Efstathios ,   European University, Azcárate Pilar ,   University of Cádiz, Serradó Anna ,   University of Granada, Cardeñoso Jose ,   University of Granada
Published: June 2022

The EU-funded project EarlyStatistics aims to enhance the teaching and learning of early statistical reasoning in European schools by utilizing distance education to offer high-quality professional development experiences to teachers across Europe. The project consortium has developed and is currently pilot testing an online professional development course in statistics education targeting elementary and lower secondary school European teachers. The article provides an overview of the EarlyStatistics course design. It describes the pedagogical and didactical approach underlying EarlyStatistics and the course content and structure. It also outlines the quality assurance processes used in the project to avoid quality failures and the evaluation processes employed to assess the course effectiveness in achieving its objectives.
Benefícios da acupuntura para pacientes diabéticos: Revisão de literatura
Authors: Assunção Izabely Lima , Frajacomo Gabriel Campos Carneiro , Sá Thalita Helena Reis , Araújo Paulo da Costa , Maranhão Jhade D'umar Ferreira , Nunes Mariana Azevedo , Britto Laura Cajubá Vieira de , Siqueira Rômulo Diego Marinho , Nascimento Victoria Alves do , Sampaio Victoria Alicia Santos , Carvalho Isadora Nascimento de , Azevedo Isaque Alves de , Souza Lucyjane Amorim de , Arantes Matheus de Oliveira , Melo Ana Kelly Pinto de , Souza Isabelle Arruda Cavalcante
Published: June 2022

De acordo com a Sociedade Brasileira de Diabetes (SBD), o diabetes é uma síndrome de etiologia múltipla, decorrente da falta de insulina e/ou da incapacidade da insulina de exercer adequadamente seus efeitos. As consequências dessa patologia a longo prazo incluem danos, disfunção e falência em vários órgãos, especialmente rins, olhos, nervos, coração e vasos sanguíneos. A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) reconhece o uso da Acupuntura no tratamento de vários tipos de patologias dentre elas destaca-se o diabetes. Essa técnica oriental vem sendo utilizada com bastante frequência, sendo uma terapia complementar eficaz na involução dos sintomas do diabetes. Objetivo: Identificar quais os benefícios da acupuntura em pacientes diabéticos. Foi realizada uma revisão de literatura sistemática e descritiva baseada na busca das seguintes bases de dados online: SCIELO E GOOGLE ACADÊMICO. Os critérios de inclusão adotados foram artigos publicados entre 2009 a 2019 em língua portuguesa e inglesa, com os seguintes descritores: ‘‘diabetes’’, ‘‘acupuntura’’ e ‘‘tratamento complementar’’. A acupuntura ajuda no controle dos sintomas do paciente com diabetes e não possui efeitos colaterais, além de auxiliar na diminuição severa do consumo de medicamentos e na regulação da glicemia, prevenindo a neuropatia diabética. Evidenciou-se que a acupuntura é uma técnica que pode auxiliar no tratamento do diabetes. Entretanto, são necessários novos estudos que fundamentem os benefícios da acupuntura nessa patologia.
O uso de recursos ergogênicos e aumento de performance em atletas e no âmbito clínico: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Silva Isabella Rocha , Almeida Simone Gonçalves , Faccin Thales de Aquino Oliveira
Published: June 2022

O uso de recursos ergogênicos tem sido cada vez mais frequentes no âmbito esportivo e clínico, tanto com o objetivo de melhora de performance quanto com o objetivo de melhora da composição corporal de praticantes recreativos. A partir desses dados, é de suma importância um maior entendimento sobre os riscos e benefícios do uso de tais recursos. O presente trabalho tem como função investigar os riscos e benefícios associados ao uso da cafeína, creatina, beta-alanina e suplementação à base de carboidratos. Foram analisados 41 estudos, onde foram traçados a dimensão do aumento de performance e efeitos adversos designados a cada suplementação, levando em consideração o número amostral e o número de artigos analisados nas revisões sistemáticas que compõem a presente revisão de literatura. A partir dos dados analisados, foi constatado que a creatina, cafeína, beta-alanina e suplementos à base de carboidratos apresentam desfechos positivos significativos em relação à performance e composição corporal. Não foram observados graves efeitos adversos em todos os suplementos analisados, exceto na cafeína, com o uso de altas doses. Conclui-se então que o uso dos suplementos supracitados é seguro e apresenta boas evidências para uso.
Perfil microbiológico da unidade de tratamento de queimados no Hospital de Urgência de Sergipe no período de 2015 a 2019
Authors: Rodrigues Mariana de Vasconcelos Barreto , Santos Larissa Sá dos , Almeida Lucas Rocha Barreto de , Vieira Alberto Calson Alves , Paixão Patrízia Lisieux Prado , Viana Fabiana Ramos , Cintra Bruno Barreto , Brito Ana Claudia de
Published: June 2022

Objetivo: definir a prevalência e as características dos principais patógenos associados a infecções nos pacientes da Unidade de Tratamento de Queimados (UTQ) do Hospital de Urgências de Sergipe (HUSE) no período de 2015 a 2019. Método: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo, descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, referente à análise de dados através dos registros realizados pela equipe de Cirurgia Plástica da Unidade de Tratamento de Queimados do HUSE com foco para as informações epidemiológicas e etiológicas das infecções dos pacientes nessa unidade no período de janeiro de 2015 a dezembro de 2019, o que totalizou a análise de 991 registros. Resultados: Foram analisados 991 prontuários. Houve maior prevalência do público adulto (média de 22,9 anos), do gênero masculino (59,4%), com queimaduras de médio porte (71,1%) e segundo grau (88,2%). 82 pacientes apresentaram o resultado positivo nas culturas. O microrganismo mais encontrado em todas as faixas etárias foi o Acinetobacter baumannii, exceto nos idosos, que foi a Pseudomonas aeruginosa. O sítio mais comumente infectado foi a corrente sanguínea e o tempo médio de internamento foi de 13,2 dias estando o aumento desse tempo relacionado com o aparecimento de microrganismos mais potencialmente lesivos. Foram registrados 64 óbitos, dos quais 22 apresentaram culturas positivos e em 20,3% desses casos o Acinetobacter baumannii esteve presente. Conclusão: O perfil epidemiológico do paciente queimado relaciona-se diretamente com o tipo de microrganismo colonizador.
Optimum Risk-Based Management on the Lhokseumawe City Ring Road which is Vulnerable to Coastal Abrasion
Authors: Ridwan Teuku Muhammad , Amri Amri , Syahrial Syahrial , Ayob A F
Published: June 2022

The city of Lhokseumawe, which is one of the cities that has a topography such as a bay and a very busy area as the center of government, business, and services, has also experienced congestion. In 2012, the Lhokseumawe City Government has started planning to build a 7.6 Kilometer Lhokseumawe City Ring Road, starting from Sp.Kandang – Pusong and Sp. Lestari – Loskala. The ring road construction is along the shores of Ujong Blang Beach and KP3, where Ujong Blang Beach and KP3 since 1998 until now continue to experience abrasion. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of abrasion speed of Ujong Blang Beach and KP3 Beach and risk factors other than abrasion for an optimal risk-based management model approach to the Lhokseumawe City Ring Road as coastal infrastructure that is prone to abrasion and other risks. The method used to determine the abrasion rate is based on Landsat ETM+ (Enhanced Thematic Mapper) satellite data for a period of 25 years (1995 – 2020) which is analyzed by the Digital Shoreline Analysis System. The results showed that the magnitude of the abrasion speed of Ujong Blang Beach and KP3 Beach was -2.11 m/year and the farthest accretion occurred on the coast on transect 83 with an accretion distance of 111.34 m or around 4.45. Meanwhile, other factors were sea waves. with a period range of 2.33-10.25 s with an average of 4.57 s. Furthermore, the height of the coastal topography ranges from 0.00-8.60 m with an average of 4.30 m and the coastal slope observed at 8 observation locations obtained a coastal slope range of 2.90-4.47% with an average slope of 3,76%. The optimum risk-based management carried out by the ring road manager is the ALARP-principles approach to control very high to high risk (ALARP Zone), namely by building a preventive building in the form of a conventional type of breakwater with minimal handling costs to mitigate a greater impact on the environment. Damage to the Lhokseumawe City Ring Road if the risk occurs during the life of the road plan.
Kurumsal Yönetim Uygulamaları ile Bağımsız Denetçi Seçimi Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi: Borsa İstanbul’da Bir Araştırma
Authors: Tuan Koray , Aslan Leyla
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between companies’ corporate governance practices and the selection of independent auditors in the sample of Turkey. For this purpose, between 2018 and 2020, 475 firm-year data of companies traded in the Borsa Istanbul manufacturing sector are analyzed via the logistic regression model. In the study, whether the audit firm is Big Four (Big4) or not is used as a proxy for independent auditor choice. In addition, the relationship between the corporate governance practices of the companies and the selection of independent auditors are also examined in terms of the number of audit services provided by the audit firm to public interest organizations and the income obtained from independent audit services. The findings of the study indicate that there is a statistically significant relationship between the independent audit firm being Big Four and the variables of foreign investors and the number of board members. It has also been determined that there is a statistically significant relationship between the number of audit services provided by the audit firm to the institutions that concern the public interest and the variables of corporate investor, foreign investor and female member rate on the board of directors. Finally; the findings indicate that there is a statistically significant relationship between the income from independent audit services and the variables of foreign investors, the number of members of the board of directors and the female member rate on the board of directors. Keywords: Corporate Governance, Auditing, Auditor, Audit Firm, Auditor Selection.
Aprendendo a exporta com os vizhinos: o efeito do transbordamento de informaçoes entre dos países da América do Sul
Authors: Cechin Alicia , Charris Carlos A. , Aparecida Silva Fernanda
Published: June 2022

O presente estudo teve como objetivo abordar como o aprendizado de países vizi-nhos sobre exportação afeta a decisão de entrada de novos exportadores no mercado externo. A principal contribuição é analisar a existência de aprendizagem sobre a exportação de diferentes produtos para diferentes países, considerando todos os destinos de exportação de países selecionados da América do Sul, no período de 2000 a 2018. Utilizou-se um Modelo de Probabilidade Linear e um conjunto de efeitos fixos, com o intuito de controlar determinantes não observados sobre a dinâ-mica de exportação. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que a probabilidade de um país entrar em um mercado estrangeiro, bem como a de sobreviver nesse mercado, aumenta devido à presença de países vizinhos servindo esse mesmo mercado.
Regra do teto dos gastos públicos (PEC 55/241) e sustentabilidade da dívida pública no Brasil: Análise de cenários a partir de um modelo DSGE
Authors: Ribeiro Leite Áydano , Bessaria Nobrega Cássio da , Mota dos Santos André Luis , Fernandes Neto Fernando
Published: June 2022

O propósito deste artigo é analisar, sob diferentes cenários, a trajetória da dívida pública com uma regra do teto dos gastos correntes do governo. Utilizou-se um modelo Dinâmico Estocástico de Equilíbrio Geral  considerando dois cenários distintos, assumindo o cumprimento ou não da nova regra fiscal por parte do governo. No contexto em que o governo não cumpriu o teto, o resultado primário caiu de forma significativa e a dívida pública cresceu persistentemente, mesmo diante dos choques positivos de produtividade e sobre os tributos. No cenário onde o governo cumpriu a regra do teto, a responsabilidade fiscal foi capaz de corrigir o desequilíbrio em suas contas, tanto diante do choque de produtividade, como também, frente aos choques fiscais sobre os tributos.
¿Avanzamos hacia una vitivinicultura sostenible? Un estudio exploratorio de la industria del vino en Argentina
Authors: Salas Zorrilla Javiera , Farreras Verónica
Published: June 2022

Esta investigación pretende contribuir al debate sobre la sostenibilidad de la industria del vino de Argentina. Para ello, se identificaron áreas del Protocolo de Autoevaluación de Sustentabilidad Vitivinícola de Bodegas de Argentina donde será necesario actuar si se desea avanzar hacia una vitivinicultura más sostenible. El tamaño de los establecimientos vitivinícolas parece ser un factor clave en la gestión de la sostenibilidad. Los establecimientos más grandes, en comparación con los más pequeños, implementan prácticas de manejo significativamente más sostenibles. Los resultados de la investigación pueden ser de especial utilidad para los responsables de la formulación de políticas, viticultores, propietarios de bodegas y demás actores del sector interesados en hacer que la viticultura y la elaboración de vinos sean más sostenibles.
Investment climate and foreign direct investment in Latin American countries: firm-level evidence
Authors: Fraga Gilberto Joaquim
Published: June 2022

This paper analyzed the relationship between the investment climate and foreign direct investment (FDI) using a sample of 18 Latin American countries. The main results show that obstacles related to financial infrastructure and customs clearance might reduce the probability of a country receiving FDI, while physical infras-tructure obstacles do not significantly affect the influx of FDI. The disaggregated data show that financial infrastructure is important for attracting both vertical and horizontal FDI. On average, policies in Latin America that minimize financial obs-tacles and reduce the time it takes to clear customs will increase the likelihood of attracting FDI.Keywords: developing countries; FDI; export.JEL code: F21; F23
Causality between corruption and poverty: An analysis for South American countries
Authors: Oliveira da Silva Denilson , Lopes Ribeiro Lilian , Tatiwa Ferreira Roberto , Martins Costa Edward , Urano de Carvalho Castelar Pablo
Published: June 2022

This work aimed to analyze the causality between corruption and poverty in Brazil and a group of seven other South American countries, from 2002 to 2018, using the methodology applied by Dumitrescu and Hurlin (2012) for heterogeneous panels. The variables for corruption employed are the Corruption Perception Index (CPI)and the Control of Corruption (CC) index and, as measures of poverty, the indexes proposed by Foster, Greer, and Thorbecke (1984), considering the poverty and extreme poverty lines. Results suggest one-directional CC causality for all measures of the poverty line, as well as for the P2 indicator of extreme poverty.
Test of the scanner for expression the astrometric and photometric parameters from the digitized plates
Authors: Yuldoshev Q. , Muminov M. , Andruk V. , Ehgamberdiev Sh. , Turaev S.
Published: June 2022

This paper performs to research in detail the Epson Expression 10000XL scanner for photographic astroplate archive of the Ulugh Beg Astronomical Institute (UBAI) of the Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences. For processing the astroplates, it is used special developed software in the LINUX/MIDAS/ROMAFOT. The test plate was digitized with grayscale 8 and 16 bits with various scanner resolutions. Astronomical and photometric parameters were carried out from the plate and an evaluation of the developed method accuracy for determining rectangular coordinates and photometry. The repeatability of astrometric and photometric errors of the scanner for the digitized resolutions, 6 successive scans of every plate with a spatial resolution 600, 900, 1200, 1500, 1800, 2100, 2400 and 2540 dpi were processed.
Энергия и структура октупольных состояний ядра 238U
Authors: Усманов П.Н. , Вдовин А.И. , Нишонов А.Н. , Бокиев С.Б.
Published: June 2022

Изучены энергетические характеристики октупольных состояний ядра 238U в рамках феноменологической модели, учитывающей кориолисово смешивание состояний ротационных полос. Рассмотрено смешивание состояний низколежащих полос отрицательной чётности. Вычислены энергии и структура состояний ротационных полос с K π = 0− и 1−. Теоретические значения энергии сравниваются с экспериментальными данными, которые дают хорошее согласие.
Конформационный анализ димеров этанола методом квантово-химического моделирования
Authors: Дорошенко И.Ю. , Пармонов Ж.Р. , Куйлиев Б.Т. , Рахмонова M.А. , Некбоев А.А.
Published: June 2022

Методами квантово-химического моделирования в приближении B3LYP/cc-pVTZ рассчитаны оптимальные геометрические параметры и значения потенциальной энергии гош- и транс-конформеров молекулы этанола. Используя оптимальные структуры конформеров, построены всевозможные конфигурации димеров, найдены их геометрические параметры, энергии диссоциации и дипольные моменты. Определена наиболее вероятная конфигурация димера. Найдено соотношение количества различных конфигураций димеров при температуре 20 К. Рассчитаны частоты полос ИК поглощения для соответствующих структур.
Анизотропия акустооптических свойств кристаллов PbМоО4
Authors: Ахмеджанов Ф.Р. , Элбоева M.И.
Published: June 2022

Методом Диксона в режиме брэгговской дифракции света на звуке определена анизотропия акустооптических свойств кристаллов молибдата свинца при изменении направления волнового вектора продольных акустических волн. Выявлены геометрии дифракции света для получения максимального значения коэффициента акустооптического качества. Впервые показана возможность управления эффективностью брэгговской дифракции света путем изменения направления волнового вектора акустической волны.
Энергетические параметры ионной миграции в кристалле LaF3, легированном алюминием
Authors: Мирзаев С.З. , Ахмеджанов Ф.Р. , Авдиевич В.Н. , Нуждов Г.С.
Published: June 2022

В кристалле La0.95Al0.05F3 квантово-химическими методами определены значения энергии образования дефектов Ea и потенциальных барьеров Em вблизи примесных ионов алюминия. Показано уменьшение этих параметров в окрестности примесного иона алюминия. Определены наиболее вероятные конфигурации ансамблей ионов алюминия в решетке кристалла и соответствующие энергетические параметры миграции ближайших к ним ионов фтора.
Исследование образования дефектов на поверхности кристаллов LiF при бомбардировке ионами цезия
Authors: Шаропов У.Б.
Published: June 2022

В настоящей работе рассмотрены экспериментальные результаты по исследованию образования дефектов на поверхности кристаллов LiF при облучении ионами с использованием методик спектроскопии полного тока (ПТ), вторично-ионной масс-спектрометрии (ВИМС) и программного комплекса SRIM. Проведенные исследования на кристалле LiF при ионном облучении показали, что работает ударный механизм образования дефектов, при этом наблюдается последовательное образование кластерных центров до их коалесценции в коллоидные центры. При ионном облучении наблюдается фазовый переход поверхности кристалла LiF с образованием коллоидных центров с последующей металлизацией поверхности, а также скоплением кластеров нейтральных атомов фтора (пузырьков). Показано, что при облучении ионами образуется большая концентрация вакансий и междоузельных дефектов на поверхности и в объеме кристалла.
Deployable boom for Mars Orbiter Magnetometer onboard Tianwen-1
Authors: Chen Manming , Pan Zonghao , Zhang Tielong , Hao Xinjun , Li Yiren , Liu Kai , Li Xin , Wang Yuming , Shen Chenglong , Chen Hong , Wang Zhongwang , Qiang Xiu ,   School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China,   CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology, Hefei 230026, China,   Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz A-8042, Austria,   Shanghai Institute of Aerospace System Engineering, Shanghai 201109, China,   Shaanxi Applied Physics and Chemistry Research Institute, Xi’an 710061, China
Published: June 2022

A more than 3 m-long deployable boom is an essential component of the Mars Orbiter Magnetometer (MOMAG) onboard the orbiter of Tianwen-1. The boom was developed to place fluxgate magnetometer (FGM) sensors away from the satellite to reduce the influence of the satellite magnetic field. It was designed as an articulated spring-driven deployable mechanism for single-shot deployment. Functionality, reliability and system constraints are fully considered in the boom design. Mechanical analyses and proof tests show that the boom has sufficient safety margin to withstand environmental conditions, even in the worst cases. After a long voyage from Earth to Mars, the boom was deployed successfully on May 25, 2021. A full deployment was performed in about 4.6 s, sending the two sensors to distances of 3.19 m and 2.29 m respectively, away from the orbiter. After deployment, the field from the orbiter decreased from 1250 nT to less than 6 nT at the sensor mounted at the tip of the boom. The MOMAG boom provides valuable engineering experience for the development of deployable structures stowed for long periods in cold temperatures in space missions.
Worst-case conditional value-at-risk and conditional expected shortfall based on covariance information
Authors: Mao Tiantian , Zhao Qi , Wu Qinyu ,   Department of Statistics and Finance, School of Management, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we study the worst-case conditional value-at-risk (CoVaR) and conditional expected shortfall (CoES) in a situation where only partial information on the underlying probability distribution is available. In the case of the first two marginal moments are known, the closed-form solution and the value of the worst-case CoVaR and CoES are derived. The worst-case CoVaR and CoES under mean and covariance information are also investigated.
Clinical and Etiological Profile of Ischemic Stroke in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal
Authors: Yadav Krishna Kumar , Mandal Rajesh Kumar
Published: June 2022

Background: Stroke is one of the most common neurological diseases, often leading to disability and death. Ischemic stroke accounts for 80-85% of all stroke cases. This Study aimed to evaluate the clinical and etiological profile of patients of ischemic cerebrovascular stroke.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional, observational study of 93 patients of ischemic cerebrovascular stroke, conducted at Bir Hospital, Kathmandu during January 2018 to December 2019. The patients detailed history, examinations, blood investigation, CT Scan head and Echocardiography was done. The data were recorded in Excel a sheet and analyzed by SPSS 20.
Results: The mean age of ischemic stroke patients was 63.28 +_ 15.52 with a range from 30 to 94 years. The stroke was predominant in male with 52(55.91 %). The most common risk factors for stroke were hypertension 54(58.06%), followed by smoking 48(51.61%), LVH 45(48.38%), hypercholesterolemia 26(27.95%), diabetes mellitus 11(11.82%), atrial fibrillation 3(3.22%) and coronary artery disease 1(1.07%). Hemiplegia was present in all the patients. Other common symptoms included dysarthria due to facial deviation in 73.11%, speech aphasia in 6.45 % and altered sensorium/loss of consciousness in 1.07 % patients.
Conclusion: Stroke is not limited to elderly population; younger adults are also vulnerable for stroke. Hypertension, smoking, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus are common risk factors which can be modified for prevention of stroke.

Key words: Ischemic stroke; hemiplegia; risk factors..
Prevalence of Social Anxiety Disorder in Undergraduate Physiotherapy Students
Authors: Thodge Vibhuti
Published: June 2022

Social Anxiety is the most common form of anxiety. Social Anxiety is usually misunderstood to be shyness and hence is important to be clinically diagnosed and treated. Anxiety affects the individual’s professional and personal life. In students it affects the academics and practical sessions of the curriculum. Social Anxiety Disorder in general public marks up to 80%. The objective of this study was to find the prevalence of Social Anxiety Disorder in undergraduate physiotherapy students. The results were assessed using the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale. It is a 20 items questionnaire and each item is scored from 0 to 4 marks and then the total sum of all the answers is calculated. If the score is 36 and above it is considered to be indicative of Social Anxiety Disorder. Total 307 students participated in this study. The questionnaire was sent to students using google forms. Out of 307 students, 66 students had score below 36, and remaining 241 students had a score of 36 and above. This concluded that out of all the participants, 78.5% people had Social Anxiety Disorder.

Key words:Social Anxiety Disorder, Undergraduate Students, Physiotherapy .
A Study on Isolation of E. Coli Bacteria from Different Human Clinical Specimens
Authors: Gupta Niraj , Jain Avani , Sen Richa
Published: June 2022

E.coli is a gram negative bacillus found in the human and animal gut and is the leading cause of Urinary tract infections and various other infections and complications. This is a retrospective study comprising of 1040 human clinical specimens of urine, pus, blood and sputum received over a period of six months in our hospital which came for culture and sensitivity. Out of these specimens 5.09% total specimens, 8.9% urine specimens, , 5.2% pus specimens, 0.8% blood specimens and 1.5% sputum specimens were positive for E. coli growth. We also checked for drug sensitivity of various drugs and found out that Aminoglycosides, Carbapenems, Fosfomycin, Colistin and Nitrofurantoin showed good sensitivity against E. coli. From our study we concluded that E. coli is a common cause for urinary tract infections and wise usage of antibiotics should be done to prevent the growing problem of antibiotic resistance.

Key words: Escherichia coli, urinary tract infection, culture, antibiotic sensitivity..
Case Report - A Case of Chromoblastomycosis Effectively Treated with Oral Terbinafine
Authors: Abraham Tinu Sara , P. Manjunatha
Published: June 2022

A case of 55-year-old female presented with slowly growing multiple erythematous plaques with scaling and central clearing over dorsal aspect of right forearm for 6 months. Sclerotic bodies were seen under KOH examination. Histopathology of the lesions confirmed cutaneous chromoblastomycosis. The case was successfully managed with oral terbinafine.
Occupational Stress and Coping among Nurses
Authors: B Dutta , MS Khanikor
Published: June 2022

A descriptive study to identify perceived occupational stress and adopted coping strategies among nurses in a selected hospital of Guwahati, Assam.
The present study was designed to identify the perceived occupational stress and adopted coping strategies among nurses in a selected hospital of Guwahati. The objectives of the study were: (1) To identify the common stressors perceived by the nurses. (2) To find out the common coping strategies adopted by them to overcome stress. (3) To determine the association between perceived job stress and selected demographic variables. (4) To find out the association between adopted coping strategies and selected demographic variables. (5) To find out the association between perceived job stress and adopted coping strategies by nurses.
The sample comprised of 100 conveniently selected nurses working in various wards of a selected Govt Hospital in Guwahati city. Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire which consisted of three parts. PART A of the tool was the Demographic proforma. The PART B included the OSI- Occupational Stress Index scale and the PART C of the tool consisted of Coping Check List (CCL).
In the study majority of the participants were working in the capacity of staff nurse and were having more than 5 years of professional experience. The participants perceived ‘unprofitability’ & ‘role overload’ as the main stressors in their work environment. ‘Unreasonable group & political pressure’ ranked 3rd, followed by ‘under participation’ which ranked 4th. Among coping strategies, emotion focussed strategies ranked 1st in the order, problem focussed strategies ranked 2nd, and problem & emotion focussed ranked 3rd in the order. It reflected that the most commonly used coping strategy under emotion focussed strategies, was positive distraction. Findings suggested that there is significant association between perceived occupational stress and demographic variable of ‘professional qualification’. Significant association was also observed between coping scores and general academic qualification. There was a statistically significant relationship between perceived job stress and adopted coping strategies.
Based on the finding of the above study it is recommended that studies may be undertaken considering other variables and may be replicated on a large sample.

Key words: Occupational stress, Coping strategies, Nurses.