Peculiarities of the Crest Pattern of the Fingers in Persons Prone to Crimes Against Human Life
Authors: Zelenchuk Halyna , Kozan Nataliia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract. The article is devoted to the study of the phenotypic characteristics of persons prone to crimes against human life (murder), since there are currently no scientific works that would reflect the relationship of phenotypic manifestations in persons prone to illegal actions of varying degrees of severity, in particular, dermatoglyphic signs of all phalanges fingers and palms. In the course of the study, statistically significant differences were established between the dermatoglyphics of the persons who committed the murder and the dermatoglyphics of the persons of the control group.

The aim To determine the complex of dermatoglyphic parameters of fingers that make up the dermatoglyphic constitution of persons who committed murder.

Materials and methods of the study. 2 groups of people were studied: 1 group – corpses of people who committed murder (50 people); Group 2 - individuals of the control group (50 people), Research methods: dermatoglyphic, statistical analysis.

Results of the study. The dermatoglyphic characteristics of persons who committed murder have their own characteristics. The analysis of the dermatoglyphs of the fingers of the hands of persons who committed murder, in comparison with the control group, showed that on the fingers of the left hand radial loops (59.20%) and curls (26.80%) are most often found, arcs are less common (6.00%) ), complex patterns (4.40%) and ulnar loops (3.60%), a similar pattern is observed on the fingers of the right hand - radial loops (54.40%), curls (31.20%), arcs (5, 40%), complex patterns (5.00%) and ulnar loops (4.00%).With regard to the distribution of patterns on different fingers of the same person, it can be noted that the murderers had radial loops on the first fingers of the left and right hands most often - 64.00% and 44.00%, respectively, less often curls (24.00% and 42.00 %, respectively) and complex patterns (12.00% and 14.00%, respectively), ulnar loops and arcs did not occur at all on this finger on both hands; curls were most often found on the II fingers - 32.00% on the left and 34.00% on the right hands, as well as radial loops (30.00% and 22.00%, respectively), less often - ulnar loops (18.00% and 20.00% 00% respectively), arcs (16.00% each); radial loops (66.00% and 60.00% on left and right hands, respectively) and spiral patterns (18.00% and 28.00%, respectively) were most often found on III fingers, ulnar loops were not found on any hand; on the 4th finger of the left hand, radial loops (56.00%) and curl patterns (44.00%) were most often found, while on the right hand, on the contrary, curl patterns (50.00%) and radial loops (46.00%), the arc pattern was not met on this finger; on the V finger, the frequency of such patterns as radial loops (80.00% and 76.00%, respectively) and curls (16.00% and 24.00%) was almost the same on both hands, and ulnar loops did not occur at all.It should be noted that in the group of murderers there was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of the total frequency of patterns on the right and left hands (χ2 = 6.11, p > 0.1), as well as in CG men It should also be noted that there is a statistically significantly greater number of radial loops in killers than in CG men, on the fingers of both hands, with the exception of II (φІ = 3.78; φІІІ = 4.23; φІV = 4.63; φV = 5.30; p < 0.01), complex patterns on the I, II and IV fingers of the left hand (φI = 1.86; φII = 1.69, p < 0.05; φIV = 2.57, p < 0.01), curls on the first finger of the right hand (φІ = 2.37, p < 0.01), as well as a smaller number of ulnar loops on all fingers of both hands except II (φІ = 6.05; φІІІ = 6.73; φІV = 4 .42; φV = 7.39; p < 0.001).

Conclusions. In the course of the study, the presence of phenotypic (dermatoglyphic) signs characteristic of persons prone to crimes against human life was established.

Keywords: forensic medicine, dermatoglyphics, murder.