bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Photocatalytic Performance of the BaSn-based Nanoscale Materials for
the Organic Pollutants Enhanced by Sm (Er) Doping
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu , Sun Zizhan , Tao Feihu , Zhang Xu , Pei Lizhai
Published: April 2023

Background:

Sm (Er) doping is an effective strategy for enhancing the photocatalytic
activity of the semiconductor photocatalysts for the degradation of organic pollutants. BaSnbased
nanorods possess wide band gap energy, which limits the photocatalytic application. It is
important to research the feasibility of the improved photocatalytic performance of the BaSnbased
nanorods by doping with Sm (Er).

Objective:

The aim is to synthesize Sm (Er)-doped BaSn-based nanoscale materials through a
simple hydrothermal process and research the photocatalytic performance of the Sm (Er)-doped
BaSn-based nanoscale materials for the gentian violet degradation.

Methods:

Sm (Er)-doped BaSn-based nanoscale materials with a polycrystalline structure were
synthesized through a simple hydrothermal process. The Sm (Er)-doped composites were analyzed
by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, solid diffuse reflectance spectrum, X-ray photoelectron
spectroscopy, photoluminescence, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.

Results:

Sm (Er) doping induces the morphological evolution of the BaSn-based nanoscale materials
from the nanorods to irregular nanoscale particles. Sm (Er) in the doped BaSn-based nanoscale
materials exists in the form of the cubic Sm2Sn2O7 and orthorhombic ErF3 phases. The
band gap value is decreased with increasing the Sm (Er) dopant contents. Sm (Er)-doped
BnSnbased nanoscale materials with the Sm (Er) content of 8wt.% have the lowest band gap and
show the strongest light absorption ability. Compared with the un-doped BaSn-based nanoscale
materials, the Sm (Er)-doped BnSn-based nanoscale materials exhibit higher photocatalytic activity
for the gentian violet degradation. 8wt.% Sm-doped BnSn-based nanoscale materials show the
highest photocatalytic activity for the degradation of the gentian violet. 20 mL gentian violet solution
(concentration of 10 mg·L-1) can be totally degraded using 20 mg 8wt.% Sm-doped BnSnbased
nanoscale materials under UV light illumination for 150 min.

Conclusion:

The enhanced photocatalytic activity of the Sm (Er)-doped BnSn-based nanoscale
materials can be attributed to the decreased band gap, enhanced light absorption ability, and decreased
recombination of the photo-generated electron-hole pairs.
ЧАСТОТА ГІПЕРКАЛЬЦЕМІЇ СЕРЕД ХВОРИХ, ШПИТАЛІЗОВАНИХ В ЕНДОКРИНОЛОГІЧНУ КЛІНІКУ
Authors: Гончарова Ольга , Дубовик Віктор
Published: April 2023

Дослідження присвячене вивченню наявності та виразності гіперкальцемії (ГК) у стаціонарної групи хворих із ендокринною патологією за рівнями загального та іонізованого кальцію та порівнянню рангових місць кожної ендокринної патології залежно від виразності підвищення цих показників.
Для цього було проведено ретроспективний аналіз даних історій хвороби пацієнтів, які знаходились у клініці ДУ «Інститут проблем ендокринної патології ім. В.Я. Данилевського НАМНУ» за період 2020-2021 р.р з приводу різної ендокринної патології. За вказаний період серед 2958 хворих, обстежених на рівні Са у сироватці крові, ГК було виявлено в 549 хворих, що склало 18,56 %. Цей показник значно перевищує частоту ГК у стаціонарної групи хворих Університетської клініки Messina із Італії, який дорівнював 4,74 %. Тобто, за наявності ендокринної патології частота ГК у стаціонарної групи хворих підвищується у 4 рази. Встановлено, що вищий ступінь виразності ГК за рівнем загального Са має місце при первинному гіперпаратиреозі (ПГПТ), який і вважається головною причиною ГК. Друге місце займає рак щитоподібної залози. При аналізі рівня іонізованого кальцію виявлено, що розподіл патологічних станів змінився. Перше місце займає ПГПТ, а на друге вийшли утворення надниркових залоз, за ними – цукровий діабет. Інші патології показали однакові результати. При аналізі рангових позицій, які зайняли ендокринні патології за рівнем Са та Са2+, встановлено, що перший (вищий) ступінь виразності загальної ГК має місце при ПГПТ, другу позицію займає рак щитоподібної залози, третє місце поділили багатовузловий нетоксичний зоб і дифузний токсичний зоб. Четверту рангову позицію займають цукровий діабет і утворення надниркових залоз, останню – п’яту – гіпотиреоз.
Встановлено, що у хворих на ендокринну патологію значно зростає вірогідність гіперкальцемії, що потрібно враховувати при моніторингу таких хворих. На тлі ендокринної патології змінюються рангові позиції між рівнями загального та іонізованого кальцію, тому в таких хворих обов’язково потрібно досліджувати обидві форми кальцію.
ПРОГНОСТИЧНЕ ЗНАЧЕННЯ ГОРМОНАЛЬНОГО РЕЦЕПТОРНОГО СТАТУСУ ТА КЛІНІЧНЕ ЗНАЧЕННЯ ГЛУТАТІОНУ ПРИ РАКУ ЯЄЧНИКІВ
Authors: Фартушок Тетяна , Фартушок Надія , Беседін Олександр , Ісаєва Катерина
Published: April 2023

Актуальність. У структурі жіночої онкопатології рак яєчників займає восьме місце, а серед причин смертності – сьоме місце серед усіх онкозахворювань. В Україні смертність від раку яєчників складає 9,4 на 100 тис. жіночого населення. Щорічно в Україні помирає 24,6% пацієнтів з вперше виявленим раком яєчників. Глутатіон є антиоксидантом, який захищає клітину від токсичності активних форм кисню. Дані показали, що глутатіон може відігравати роль у злоякісних новоутвореннях, включаючи рак яєчників, і, таким чином, метою дослідження стала оцінка клінічного значення тканинного глутатіону і ефекти ерастину (інгібітора синтезу глутатіону) при раку яєчників.
Матеріали та методи. Імуногістохімічні дослідження експресії білків проводили на паралельних зрізах з використанням моноклональних антитіл: до рецепторів естрогену – клон 1D5, рецепторів прогестерону – клон PgR636. Систему EnVision, DakoCytomation, використовували для візуалізації білків.
Визначили рівень глутатіону у 41 зразку тканин пухлини раку яєчників. Криві виживаності будували за методом Каплана-Мейєра та оцінювали за допомогою логарифмічного рангового критерію. Багатофакторну пропорційну регресійну модель ризику Кокса виконали для виявлення незалежного фактора, що впливає на прогноз виживаності пацієнток з раком яєчників. Дослідили ефект ерастину in vitro з використанням різних за чутливістю ліній клітин раку яєчників. Оцінили життєздатність клітин, рівні глутатіону і (цитозольну та ліпідну) продукцію активних форм кисню.
Результати. Виявлено залежність експресії рецепторів стероїдних гормонів від ступеня злоякісності раку ячників, а саме, у хворих на рак ячників високого ступеня злоякісності відзначається достовірне зменшення експресії естрогенових рецепторів порівняно з пацієнтками, пухлини яких низького ступеня злоякісності. Пацієнтки з високим рівнем глутатіону в пухлині мали нижчу виживаність без прогресування і загальну виживаність порівняно з пацієнтками з низьким рівнем глутатіону. Рівні глутатіону пухлини були незалежними факторами для прогнозування виживаності без прогресування та загальної виживаності. Рівень активних форм кисню був обернено пропорційним рівням глутатіону у ракових клітинах яєчників. Вихідні рівні глутатіону були важливими для оцінки чутливості до ерастину. Зменшення рівня глутатіону підвищувало рівні активних форм кисню, що викликало загибель клітин пухлини.
Висновки. Визначено, що високі рівні глутатіону в пухлині значною мірою пов’язані з поганим прогнозом незалежно від інших факторів раку яєчників. Ерастин призводить до загибелі клітин раку яєчників in vitro залежно від рівня внутрішньоклітинного глутатіону. Глутатіон пухлини може бути прогностичним біомаркером виживаності, а ерастин варто вивчити як новий препарат в комплексній терапії раку яєчників.
ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ АГОНІСТУ РЕЦЕПТОРІВ ГЛЮКАГОНОПОДІБНОГО ПЕПТИДУ-1 ЛІРАГЛУТИДУ В ЛІКУВАННІ ОЖИРІННЯ (огляд літератури)
Authors: Коваль Сергій , Рєзнік Лариса , Мисниченко Ольга , Литвинов Вадим
Published: April 2023

Ожиріння – це надзвичайно поширене хронічне метаболічне захворювання, яке становить загрозу здоров'ю людини. Основними напрямками лікування ожиріння є корекція способу життя, в першу чергу, модифікація дієти і підвищення рівня фізичної активності, та фармакотерапія. Серед існуючих фармакологічних препаратів, які використовуються для лікування ожиріння, особливий інтерес викликають агоністи рецепторів глюкагоноподібного пептиду-1 і, в першу чергу, ліраглутид.
У даному огляді наведені результати цілого ряду досліджень, які присвячено вивченню ефективності та безпеки ліраглутиду при лікуванні надлишкової маси тіла та ожиріння, в тому числі, і у хворих на цукровий діабет 2 типу. Данні літератури свідчать про те, що застосування ліраглутиду викликає стійке зниження маси тіла у більшості пацієнтів із надлишковою масою тіла та ожирінням, призводить до суттєвого покращення вуглеводного і ліпідного обмінів, а також до зниженням виразності асоційованої з ожирінням артеріальної гіпертензії.
Важливим показанням для застосування ліраглутиду є не тільки ожиріння, а й сам цукровий діабет 2 типу, який перебігає на тлі надлишкової маси тіла або ожиріння. Результатом лікування ліраглутидом хворих з ожирінням без цукрового діабету 2 типу є зниження ризику розвитку останнього, а у хворих з ожирінням, незалежно від наявності або відсутності цукрового діабету 2 типу, гальмування прогресування атеросклерозу, гіпертензії та зниження серцево-судинного ризику. Крім того, застосування ліраглутиду є перспективним напрямком лікування таких асоційованих з ожирінням захворювань, як синдром обструктивного апное сну, синдром полікістозних яєчників у жінок та чоловіче безпліддя.
Ліраглутид проявляє співставну ефективність щодо здатності знижувати масу тіла у хворих з ожирінням порівняно з іншими препаратами аналогічної спрямованості, однак призводить до найбільш виразного зниження кардіо-метаболічних порушень у даної категорії хворих.
Sustainable Productivity and Profitability through Maize-based Cropping System in Hilly Areas of Manipur
Authors: CHONGLOI KHUMLO LEVISH , SINGH DEEPAK
Published: April 2023

The field experiment was conducted for two consecutive years during 2018-19 and 2019-20 at three different locations of the farmers’ field in Chandel district of NEH Region, Manipur to compare the different maize-based cropping systems.  From the two years data, it was observed that the highest maize yield was recorded from the sole crop 50.65 q/ha and 51.20 q/ha during 2018-19 and 2019-20 respectively, due to its higher plant population. The equivalent yield of maize 52.16 q/ha and 54.90 q/ha was recorded to be higher in maize + groundnut intercropping system during 2018-19 and 2019-20 as compared to maize + rice bean intercropping system. Though, intercropping with other crops reduced the grain yield of maize but intercropping increased the maize equivalent yield than sole maize. The gross return was highest in maize + groundnut intercropping system with Rs. 152510/ha and Rs.160700/ha with the net profit of Rs. 104141/ha and Rs. 110550/ha during 2018-19 and 2019-20 respectively. The benefit cost ratio was also found to be highest in maize + groundnut intercropping system during the years of experimentations. From this result, it can be concluded that maize + groundnut intercropping will be more beneficial and a viable practiced to achieve the goal of higher sustainable productivity and profitability in attaining doubling of farmers’ income.
Clinical Management of Corneal Ulcer by Chemical Cauterization using Silver Nitrate
Authors: KUMAR BIPIN , KUMAR RAJESH , KUMARI ARCHANA
Published: April 2023

The aim of this study was to devise the method of treatment of corneal ulcer in dogs which is very common in some breeds of dog. Earlier it was treated with some topical antibiotics but it was not successful as desired. In this study the cauterization of ulcer was done with silver nitrate, which was found to be very cheap and successful both in terms of financial and recovery parameters
Characterizing e-Cigarette–Related Videos on TikTok: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Xie Zidian , Xue Siyu , Gao Yankun , Li Dongmei
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

As a popular social networking platform for sharing short videos, TikTok has been widely used for sharing e-cigarettes or vaping-related videos, especially among the youth.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to characterize e-cigarette or vaping-related videos and their user engagement on TikTok through descriptive analysis.

METHODS

From TikTok, a total of 417 short videos, posted between October 4, 2018, and February 27, 2021, were collected using e-cigarette or vaping-related hashtags. Two human coders independently hand-coded the video category and the attitude toward vaping (provaping or antivaping) for each vaping-related video. The social media user engagement measures (eg, the comment count, like count, and share count) for each video category were compared within provaping and antivaping groups. The user accounts posting these videos were also characterized.

RESULTS

Among 417 vaping-related TikTok videos, 387 (92.8%) were provaping, and 30 (7.2%) were antivaping videos. Among provaping TikTok videos, the most popular category is vaping tricks (n=107, 27.65%), followed by advertisement (n=85, 21.95%), customization (n=75, 19.38%), TikTok trend (n=70, 18.09%), others (n=44, 11.37%), and education (n=6, 1.55%). By comparison, videos showing the TikTok trend had significantly higher user engagement (like count per video) than other provaping videos. Antivaping videos included 15 (50%) videos with the TikTok trend, 10 (33.33%) videos on education, and 5 (16.67%) videos about others. Videos with education have a significantly lower number of likes than other antivaping videos. Most TikTok users posting vaping-related videos are personal accounts (119/203, 58.62%).

CONCLUSIONS

Vaping-related TikTok videos are dominated by provaping videos focusing on vaping tricks, advertisement, customization, and TikTok trend. Videos with the TikTok trend have higher user engagement than other video categories. Our findings provide important information on vaping-related videos shared on TikTok and their user engagement levels, which might provide valuable guidance on future policy making, such as possible restrictions on provaping videos posted on TikTok, as well as how to effectively communicate with the public about the potential health risks of vaping.
The Paradox of Medical Study: from Peripatetic to Podcast (Preprint)
Authors: Brito-Azevedo Anderson
Published: April 2023

UNSTRUCTURED

Acquiring knowledge has not always been simple. Since Aristotle, many challenges have been obligating students to make great efforts to obtain quality information. Along the centuries, different mechanisms have been created to gather information and facilitate access, such as the creation of the encyclopedia, libraries and, more recently, digital media. In the 20th century, the term “information explosion” emerged to reflect the rapid increase of published information, more than a person could assimilate. Currently, we live in a tech explosion of information, and even with so many options, medical students are not getting the best quality study. It appears to be more superficial and not organized. We discuss this paradox considering the historical aspect about study sources.
Assessing Vulnerability to Surges in Suicide-Related Tweets Using Japan Census Data: Case-Only Study (Preprint)
Authors: Mitsuhashi Toshiharu
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND

As the use of social media becomes more widespread, its impact on health cannot be ignored. However, limited research has been conducted on the relationship between social media and suicide. Little is known about individuals’ vulnerable to suicide, especially when social media suicide information is extremely prevalent.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to identify the characteristics underlying individuals’ vulnerability to suicide brought about by an increase in suicide-related tweets, thereby contributing to public health.

METHODS

A case-only design was used to investigate vulnerability to suicide using individual data of people who died by suicide and tweet data from January 1, 2011, through December 31, 2014. Mortality data were obtained from Japanese government statistics, and tweet data were provided by a commercial service. Tweet data identified the days when suicide-related tweets surged, and the date-keyed merging was performed by considering 3 and 7 lag days. For the merged data set for analysis, the logistic regression model was fitted with one of the personal characteristics of interest as a dependent variable and the dichotomous exposure variable. This analysis was performed to estimate the interaction between the surges in suicide-related tweets and personal characteristics of the suicide victims as case-only odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs. For the sensitivity analysis, unexpected deaths other than suicide were considered.

RESULTS

During the study period, there were 159,490 suicides and 115,072 unexpected deaths, and the number of suicide-related tweets was 2,804,999. Following the 3-day lag of a highly tweeted day, there were significant interactions for those who were aged 40 years or younger (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.03-1.15), male (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.07-1.18), divorced (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.03 1.19), unemployed (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.02-1.22), and living in urban areas (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.17 1.35). By contrast, widowed individuals had significantly lower interactions (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.77-0.89). Except for unemployment, significant relationships were also observed for the 7-day lag. For the sensitivity analysis, no significant interactions were observed for other unexpected deaths in the 3-day lag, and only the widowed had a significantly larger interaction than those who were married (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02-1.15) in the 7-day lag.

CONCLUSIONS

This study revealed the interactions of personal characteristics associated with susceptibility to suicide-related tweets. In addition, a few significant relationships were observed in the sensitivity analysis, suggesting that such an interaction is specific to suicide deaths. In other words, individuals with these characteristics, such as being young, male, unemployed, and divorced, may be vulnerable to surges in suicide-related tweets. Thus, minimizing public health strain by identifying people who are vulnerable and susceptible to a surge in suicide-related information on the internet is necessary.

CLINICALTRIAL
Pokdakan Mino Ngremboko's Business Recovery Strategy: Resilience Analysis and Supply Chain Integration
Authors: Cahyacipta Sylvano Akbariansyah , Mulyo Jangkung Handoyo , Suryantini Any
Published: April 2023

Mino Ngremboko Fish Cultivator Group (or Pokdakan Mino Ngremboko) is the pioneer of fish cultivation, which has been developing rapidly since its establishment in April 1987 until now (the beginning of 2021). Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19) pandemic has been attacking Indonesia violently (since March 2, 2020), disrupting the supply chain of the fish cultivation business. The negative impact is a decline in revenue significantly. Mino Ngremboko Cultivator, for instance, has been affected by the pandemic with an average revenue (demand) loss of 50-70 percent. In addition, business resilience becomes very crucial which comprises business continuity that represents the ability of businesses to rapidly adapt and respond to the pandemic crisis (EIB, IBRD, 2022). The objective of the study is to assess the resilience and supply chain integration of the Mino Ngremboko Cultivator in facing the Covid-19 pandemic and beyond. Method this study uses the inductive-qualitative approach through a case study of Mino Ngremboko Cultivator. Data was collected through unstructured interviews and observation from November  2020 to March  2021. The study results provide three constructive insights, especially for managing Mino Ngremboko Cultivator and Fish Cultivator Group in general for sustaining their businesses. (1) Supply chain resilience is relatively good, which was shown by the average of productivity 1,10 from March 2019 to March 2021; (2) supply chain integration of fish cultivation business was not optimally implemented yet, and (3) Pokdakan Mino Ngremboko's business recovery strategy to optimise the practices of supply chain integration based on the digital marketing as well as downstream and commercialisation the output of fish cultivation. These recovery strategies require the support of improving organisation capability and stakeholder alignment to contribute to sustainable development (benefits for the social and ecological environment) in 2022 and beyond.
The Effect of Maggot and Silkworm on the Growth and Intestinal Histological Structure of Wader Pari Fish (Rasbora lateristriata Bleeker, 1854)
Authors: Suci Devi Anisa , Retnoaji Bambang
Published: April 2023

Wader pari is one of the fish that is often found in Indonesian waters. One of the problems regarding fish farming is the problem of feed. This study aims to determine the effect of alternative feeding on the growth and histological structure of the Wader pari fish's intestine. The paraffin method was used in constructing intestinal histological preparations by Haematoxylin-Eosin (HE) and Periodic Acid Schiff-Alcian Blue (PAS-AB) staining. Observations were done using the DMRT test on various ANOVA, and the histological structure of the intestine was analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. The treatments used in this study were P1 (commercial feed), P2 (maggot feed), and P3 (mixed feed between maggot and silkworms). The study's results indicated that the higher the protein consumed by the Wader pari fish, the higher the growth. The three treatments that affected the growth of Wader pari sequentially are mixed feed, maggot feed, and commercial feed. The histological structure of the wader pari intestine is composed of tunica mucosa, tunica submucosa, tunica muscularis, and tunica serosa. Maggot and mixed feed can affect the histological structure of the Wader pari intestine compared to commercial feed. This can be seen in the results of the length of the villi and the distribution of the number of goblet cells.
Big Data in Cloud Computing: An Overview
Authors: Sharma Shiva , Singh Simranjeet , Sharma Shyam , Negi Neerja
Published: April 2023

Abstract: Cloud computing is a potent tool for sophisticated and massive-scale computation. It removes the need for expensive hardware, specialized space, and software maintenance. It has been noticed that cloud computing has resulted in a massive increase in the volume of data, or big data. Managing massive amounts of data is a complex and time-consuming operation that requires an extensive computer infrastructure for effective data processing and analysis. Many industries, including minor and major organizations, healthcare, education, and many more, are attempting to harness the potential of big data. In healthcare, for example, big data is used to reduce treatment costs, predict pandemic outbreaks, and prevent infections, among other things. This article discusses comprehensive data processing strategies from system and application perspectives to offer an orderly picture of the issues that application developers and database management system (DBMS) designers face while designing and deploying internet-scale applications. While big data has various uses in various industries, it has challenges.
Speech Based Parkinson\'s Disease Detection Using Machine Learning
Authors: Spandana J. , Rakesh T. , Pranay K. , Bhaskar Ch.Vijaya , Bhutada Sunil
Published: April 2023

Abstract: The diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is often made after careful observation and evaluation of clinical indicators, such as the description of various motor symptoms. Traditional methods of diagnosis, on the other hand, may be prone to error since they depend on the subjective judgment of motions that might be difficult for human eyes to categorise. However, nonmotor symptoms of PD in its early stages may be minor and might be due to a wide variety of diseases. Thus, it is difficult to make an early diagnosis of PD since these symptoms are often disregarded. These challenges have prompted the use of machine learning approaches for the categorization of PD and healthy controls or patients with comparable clinical presentations as a means of improving diagnostic and evaluation processes for PD (e.g., movement disorders or other Parkinson an syndromes). PD has been diagnosed using a wide variety of data types and machine learning techniques; the goal of this article is to present a synopsis of these approaches. In this study, we investigate PD recognition from a spoken language using CNN, ANN, and XGB. The CNN was fed stacked 2D input maps consisting of spectrograms and other short-term characteristics. The effectiveness of PD detection was analyzed by breaking down a voice recording into its component parts and comparing the results to those obtained by fusing all of the segments at the decision level.
On Horadam-Lucas Sequence
Authors: Daşdemir Ahmet
Published: April 2023

Horadam introduced a generalized sequence of numbers, describing its key features and the special sub-sequences obtained from specific choices of initial parameters. This sequence and its sub-sequences are known as the Horadam, generalized Fibonacci, and generalized Lucas numbers, respectively. In the present study, we propose another new sequence, which satisfies a second-order recurrence relation. Further, we prove the Binet’s formula, some famous identities, and summation formulas for this new sequence. In particular, we demonstrate the interrelationships between our new sequence and the Horadam sequence.
Influence of Circadian Rhythm on Enamel and Other Oral Tissues- A Narrative Review
Authors: Amin Reshma , Pousya Vinisha S , Baalann Krishna Prasanth
Published: April 2023

Molecular mechanisms in regulating physiologic interactions in the human body are under the control of circadian rhythmicity. The modern lifestyle and adjusting to the globalized world have led to various imbalances and diseases. Adaptation of certain body functions according to age or environment keeps altering. Late hours, frequent travel, or some medications can confuse these primary clock genes and cause hormonal imbalance. The importance of clock genes adjustment to triggering factors of night and day time zones has a crucial role in the proper functioning of our body. Similar to the bone formation pattern, the circadian rhythm directly influences the hardest substance, the tooth enamel. Various transcription factors conduct these circadian rhythmicities through clock genes. Identifying new clock genes is in progress, and intraspecific gene variations regulate the clock proteins. Lag in the feedback system is possible if there is a possibility of alterations among the clock genes. If there is a disruption in these gene expressions, it can lead to several diseases. Aging and neurodegeneration-related diseases are also crucial in understanding circadian rhythm disturbances. Even the enamel or dentin-related disharmony related to circadian rhythms in clues of the molecular signals receiving day and night variability is possible. Specific geographical studies on the population may help understand the circadian rhythm and its effects on patterns of mineral deposition in teeth. These prove to help anthropologists though they could be more accurate greatly. This review focuses on the effects of circadian rhythm in enamel and its usage with various clock genes in other oral tissue functioning.
ON THE HISTORY OF THE SOVIET STATE – RELIABLY, REASONABLY AND THEORETICALLY
Authors:   Российский государственный университет правосудия, Москва, Россия, Владимир Михайлович Сырых
Published: April 2023

The presented material sets out a set of theoretical and methodological requirements that publications on the problems of the history of the Soviet state and law should meet. The author names the types of methodological errors made by the authors of publications and gives recommendations for their elimination. It is concluded that the task of revealing the history of the Soviet state and law can be solved only at the level of theoretical research.
ON THE QUESTION OF WORLDVIEW AS A SPIRITUAL AND PRACTICAL WAY OF MASTERING THE WORLD
Authors:   Кабардино-Балкарский государственный университет, Нальчик, Россия, Мухарби Жумальдинович Хачеритлов , Хажмурат Лионович Кушхов ,   Кабардино-Балкарский государственный университет, Нальчик, Россия
Published: April 2023

The article is dedicated to analyze the worldview as a phenomenon of the spiritual life of society and individuals, as a way of spiritual and practical development and transformation of the natural and social world. It states that worldview cannot be reduced to any distinct form of social consciousness or to a combination of those forms, that it is not an average element in the structure of social or individual consciousness, but an integrating beginning of it.
GENESIS AND DEVELOPMENT OF DOMESTIC ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION IN THE PRE-SOVIET PERIOD
Authors:   Министерство природных ресурсов и экологии Ростовской области, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия, Наталья Владимировна Щитова ,   Южно-Российский институт управления – филиал Российской академии народного хозяйства и государственной службы при Президенте РФ, Ростов-на-Дону, Россия
Published: April 2023

The article examines the key features of the environmental legislation of Ancient Russia, the Moscow state and the Russian Empire, examines the transformation of the target orientation of this process, analyzes the key positive and negative aspects characteristic of the domestic system of environmental regulation at various historical stages of its development.
Design and Optimization of Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA) for Wireless Applications
Authors:   Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Jadriya, Baghdad, Iraq, N. Taban Iman , H. Khidhir Ali ,   Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Baghdad, Jadriya, Baghdad, Iraq, A. Naser Ahmed ,   Department of Software, College of Information Technology, University of Ninevah, Mosul, Iraq
Published: April 2023

For 5G communication networks, including Long-Term Evolution Advanced mobile communication services, PIFA antenna is proposed. The proposed antenna structure is consisting of substrate, ground plane, shorting plate and feeding post connected to the ground plane. This antenna has been design based on a FR-4has relative permittivity of 4.3 it has a volume of (120601.5) mm3. The experimental results of the Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA) that have been measured at the range from (3-4 ) GHz of frequency experimentally using the Site Master (Anritsu S362E), it has been demonstrated that the return loss, bandwidth, VSWR, and impedance are −41.15dB, 510 MHz, 1.04and 48.414Ω respectively at resonant frequency 3.5GHz. The theoretical and practical values are so close to each other which justifies the antenna's excellent fit
Fielding and Voltaire
Authors:   Smolensk State University, Ermolenko Galina N.
Published: April 2023

The article examines the parallels between Voltaire’s stories (first of all, the story “Candide, or Optimism”) and Henry Fielding’s novel “The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling”. The author demonstrates the similarity of the two works at levels of problematics, system of characters, plot, communicative strategy of the author, and features of ironic discourse. Both works were created in the context of literary controversy during the struggle of renewing the narrative tradition. Both authors’ parody outdated literary forms and develop new ones based on the genre model of the educational novel (Bildungsroman). The problems of both works are formed in the context of philosophical discussion of human nature. Adopting a plurality of points of view allows both writers to compare different philosophical concepts and find a solution to contradictions in the form of a compromise. The similarity of the aesthetic platforms of both writers is manifested in the use of similar compositional techniques and various types of irony.
Fielding’s Moral Philosophy. Fielding as Classicist
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zykova Ekaterina P.
Published: April 2023

The balanced and unbiased approach to Fielding’s moral philosophy has long been restrained by two circumstances: first, by the widely-spread belief in Fielding’s lack of deep interest in abstract philosophic ideas, and second, by the view of the author of Tom Jones’ conceptual amorality — the notion going back to the observations of his contemporaries (S. Richardson, S. Jonson) and partly persisting in the 20th-century studies, where it finally lost the quality of a value judgement. The author of the article counterbalances these critical stereotypes with the careful analysis of Fielding’s position taken in the controversy of the opposed concepts of human nature, prevalent in his age (including Shaftsbury’s moral philosophy, Mandeville’s scepticism, and the religious theories by latitudinarian Anglicans and Methodists). The content and sequence of the writer’s religious and philosophic ideas are considered in the article through the study of both his journalism and artistic works, where is also revealed their affinity to the views of latitudinarians and irreducibility to the vague concept of benevolism, raised out of convergence of “egoists” and “altruists” positions in the dispute on human nature. Special attention is paid to Fielding’s interpretation of the concepts of good nature and prudence, reflecting his attempt to bridge the gap between sense and reason in moral issues and showing the importance of the renewed concept of classicist conflict, taking shape in the 18th century literature, for his literary work.
Henry Fielding and Artistic Culture of the 18th Century. A Foreword
Authors:   A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zykova Ekaterina P.
Published: April 2023

This is a foreword to the collection of essays The Multifaceted Fielding. There is an overview of the literary heritage of Fielding who embodied the qualities of a homo universalis, an ideal set forth by the European thought of the Early modern time. The foreword gives a short account of contributed essays and explains the structure of the volume. Considering the long-standing tradition of the Russian Fielding studies, with its close attention to dramatic satires and farces, the authors of this study pay more attention to other sides of Fielding’s dramatic work. His essays, novels, philosophic prose, journal publications, etc. are also considered. The terminology of the Russian Fielding studies is rethought. While many previous publications mentioned the 18th-century classicism in connection with plays, here, an analogous approach is used towards the novels, composed in accordance with a very specific understanding of the moral norm of the time. Special attention is paid to the Rococo style, which opens up to a particular “art of living” lenient to humanity. Rococo as a literary style is no longer juxtaposed to the Enlightenment thought; rather, as the collection of essays shows, it manifests itself in the works of famous writers of the Age of Reason. The foreword also recognizes some differences of views expressed by the contributors to the volume.
A Study on Double Mediating Effect of Organizational Culture & Empowerment on the Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Organizational Effectiveness perceived by Social Workers
Authors:   Korean Academy of Integrated Care Management, Kim Tae-Ryang , Kim Gyeong-Hwa
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the double mediating effect of organizational culture and empowerment on the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational effectiveness perceived by social workers. A questionnaire survey was conducted from Aug. 1st to 30th, 2019 for 358 social workers working at social welfare centers located in Daegu City or Gyeongsangbuk-do. The data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS. The results were as follows: First, the transformational leadership perceived by social workers was shown to have a positive (+) effect on organizational effectiveness. Second, organizational culture and empowerment were shown to have a double mediating effect on the relationship between transformational leadership and organizational effectiveness perceived by social workers. These results suggested that the establishment of philosophy and vision reflecting transformational leadership that pursues organizational change and innovation, and the creation of a flexible culture that allows the development of the social workers’ abilities and competencies are included in the methods to enhance the organizational effectiveness of social welfare centers. In addition, action plans are presented to delegate decision-making authority to social workers through decentralization of the organization and to guarantee their autonomy. Further studies investigating the organizational effectiveness under the classification of social welfare facilities according to the service delivery method and the presence of residential service provision are needed.
Effects of Virtual Reality Simulation of Core Fundamental Nursing Skills for Intravenous Fluid Infusion on Nursing Students
Authors:   Korean Academy of Integrated Care Management, Bae Young-Sil , Shin Kyung-mi
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of virtual reality simulation of core fundamental nursing skills for intravenous fluid infusion on nursing students. The research design consisted of a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design through a nonequivalent control group. Participants in this study were 45 nursing students. They were assigned into two groups: 1) a control group (n = 21), trained using a high-fidelity simulator; and 2) an experimental group (n = 24), trained using virtual reality simulator. Participants were recruited from July 14, 2021 to August 31, 2021. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Wilcoxon signed rank test with SPSS/WIN 21.0. There was no significant difference in problem solving ability score (Z = -0.85, p = 0.393) or clinical competence score (Z = -1.11, p = 0.263) between the two groups. However, the experimental group showed a significantly higher self-confidence score (Z = -5.04, p ≤ .001) than the control group. Thus, VR simulation of core fundamental nursing skills for IV can enhance confidence of nursing students.
Production Function Analysis for the Semi-Subsistence Irish Potato Production Systems and the Farmers’ Economic Well-Being in Santa, Cameroon
Authors:   Department of Agribusiness Technology, University of Bamenda - Cameroon, Tambi Mbu Daniel , Bobuin Kaseh Edward ,   Department of Agribusiness Technology, University of Bamenda - Cameroon
Published: April 2023

The objectives targeted in this study are: to identify the drivers of the semi-subsistence Irish potato production; to evaluate the effect of the semi-subsistence Irish potato production on the farmer’s economic well-being and to identify the constraints associated with the semi-subsistence Irish potato production in Santa, Cameroon. The study made use of a Cobb Douglas production function to analyze the results. Primary data was collected via simple random sampling. The results showed that startup capital, quantity of seeds planted, quantity of fertilizer applied, level of education, labour input per season and pesticide usage all had a positive and significant effect on the quantity of Irish potato produced. It was also observed that the semi-subsistence Irish potato production had a positive effect on the farmer’s economic well-being. Further, insufficient capital, climate variability, fluctuation in market price, poor farm to market roads, lack of improved seed varieties, high cost of input, pest and disease are the major constraints to the Irish potato production. The study suggests that the Irish potato production should be encouraged in Santa by focusing more on its specific determinants.
Influence of climatic conditions on ripening and the phenolic content of grapes from Cabernet Sauvignon, Gamza and Rubin red vine varieties
Authors:   Agricultural Academy, Institute of Viticulture and Enology, Bulgaria, Yoncheva Tatyana , Dimitrov Dimitar ,   Agricultural Academy, Institute of Viticulture and Enology, Bulgaria, Iliev Anatoli ,   Agricultural Academy, Institute of Viticulture and Enology, Bulgaria
Published: April 2023

During the period 2021-2022, the dynamics of ripening and the phenolic content of grapes from the varieties Cabernet Sauvignon, Gamza and Rubin, grown in the region of the town of Pleven, were studied. The changes in the meteorological indicators throughout the vegetation period were monitored. During the winter months, significantly low temperatures for the vine plant growth were not registered in the region. The onset of the vines’ vegetative development was in the middle (2021) or the early (2022) April. During the grapes ripening period, the dynamics of sugars and total acids were monitored. The Rubin variety showed the fastest sugar accumulation while maintaining a relatively high acidity rate. The Gamza and Cabernet Sauvignon varieties were later ripening and revealed a gradual increase in sugars and a decrease in total acids. The highest sugar accumulation in the Rubin and Gamza varieties was found in 2021, while for Cabernet Sauvignon - in the grapes from the 2022 harvest. Both the weather conditions during the year and the varietal characteristics, specifics and potential had an impact on the phenolic content in the structural elements of the cluster. The varieties had different reserves of total, flavonoid and non-flavonoid phenolic compounds, which increased in the order of berries < skins < rachis < seeds. The Rubin variety had the highest values of the studied phenolic components, followed by Cabernet Sauvignon, and the lowest were in Gamza. The anthocyanin content of the varieties changed in the same sequence. In all three varieties, the anthocyanin content in the skins was significantly higher compared to the berries.
Heavy metal accumulation and chemical composition of the essential oils of yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) cultivated on heavy metal-contaminated soils
Authors:   Agricultural University-Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Angelova Violina , Ihtyarova Maria ,   Agricultural University-Plovdiv, Bulgaria
Published: April 2023

Comparative research has been conducted to determine the content of heavy metals and the chemical composition of yarrow oils, as well as to identify the possibility of yarrow growth on soils contaminated by heavy metals. The experimental plots were situated at different distances of 0.5 km and 15 km, respectively, from the source of pollution, the Non-Ferrous-Metal Works (MFMW) near Plovdiv, Bulgaria. On reaching the flowering stage, the yarrow plants were gathered. The content of heavy metals in flowers was determined by microwave mineralization and analyzed by ICP. The oils were obtained from the flowers of the plant by hydro distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. Heavy metals do not affect the development of yarrow and the quality and quantity of oil obtained from it. The heavy metal content of yarrow essential oil is very low and is not affected by the degree of heavy metal contamination of the soil. Twenty components were identified in oils. In yarrow oil, the highest content was oxygenated sesquiterpenes (36-38%), followed by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (24-25%), oxygenated monoterpenes (20-21%) and monoterpene hydrocarbons (17-19%). For the first time, it is reported yarrow oil with mixed α-bisabolol oxide B, α-bisabolol, and β-caryophyllene chemotype. The essential oil of yarrow can be a valuable product for the farmers from polluted regions.
Application of polyphasic approach for identification of epiphytic fungi isolated from wheat grains
Authors:   Agricultural University-Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Emin Nevin , Dimitrova Katya ,   Agricultural University-Plovdiv, Bulgaria, Kartalska Yordanka ,   Agricultural University – Plovdiv, Bulgaria
Published: April 2023

In this study, epiphytic fungi were isolated from wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum L) and a polyphasic approach for their identification was applied. The initial morphological characterisation was done on selected twenty-tree strains and continued with their identification based on the carbon utilisation pattern according to the Biolog OmniLog system protocol (Hayward, CA, USA). Throughout the isolated strains, the Biolog data indicated predominance of the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium. The carbon utilisation pattern of five strains assigned them to several different from aforementioned genera and due to their scarcity they were not included in the current study. The indicated by the Biolog genus designation of the strains was used as a guideline for the further molecular identification of seventeen strains from the predominant genera. Molecular identification was based on a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with universal primers, which targeted the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA gene. The PCR fragments were sequenced and after applying a BLAST algorithm, a high percentage of similarity was found for eleven strains. At the species level, the Biolog and molecular technique showed a discrepancy in the identification of two strains. The procedure of identification was unsuccessful for six strains either due to insufficient quantity of the PCR product or the lack of sufficient similarity of the fragments to the GenBank database. Current study showed that the unbiased identification of epiphytic fungi requires a polyphasic approach, which applies morphological, physiological and molecular techniques.
A comparison of maxillary canine retraction into healed and recent extraction sites using cone beam computed tomography: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Almaasarani Salam Ghazwan , Rajeh Nada
Published: April 2023

Objectives

To compare maxillary canine retraction between healed and recent extraction sites by assessing movement rate, canine dentoalveolar changes, molar rotation, and anchorage loss using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Methods

Twenty-eight patients (16–26 years old) who had bimaxillary protrusion and orthodontic treatment planned with extraction of first premolars were randomly distributed into two groups and treated using a straight wire appliance. In the recent group (RG), the upper first premolars were extracted 2 weeks before the initiation of canine retraction (after tooth alignment). In the healed group (HG), the upper first premolars were extracted before tooth alignment. Movement rate, canine dentoalveolar changes, molar rotation, and anchorage loss were assessed using CBCT.

Results

Movement rate, canine alveolar bone dimensions, canine rotation, and rotation and mesial movement of the first molar were not significantly different between groups (P > .05). Canine tipping was greater in RG (P = .001).

Conclusions

Retracting canines into recent extraction sites compared with healed sites showed greater distal tipping of the canine with no differences in movement rate, canine alveolar bone dimensions, canine rotation, molar rotation, and anchorage loss.