bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estratégias de enfrentamento entre as pessoas que vivem com o vírus da imunodeficiência humana/aids: efeitos sobre a adesão em uma coorte de pacientes iniciantes em terapia antirretroviral
Authors: França Patricia de Oliveira , Pimassoni Lucia Helena Sagrillo , Leopoldo Debora Patricia , Cerutti Junior Crispim
Published: February 2022

Introdução: A adesão à medicação antirretroviral é um constructo social, parte de um contexto maior da infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana e da própria doença. Objetivo: Avaliar se as estratégias de enfrentamento adotadas por um grupo de indivíduos recém-iniciados em terapia antirretroviral, bem como sua percepção de qualidade de vida, estão associadas à sua adesão à terapia antirretroviral. Métodos: Estudo observacional descritivo, longitudinal e prospectivo, com pacientes recém-iniciados em terapia antirretroviral no ano de 2017 avaliados após 24 meses de tratamento na Unidade Dispensadora de Medicamentos de um hospital universitário em Vitória, Espírito Santo. A avaliação da adesão se deu pela retirada de medicamentos e pelo autorrelato do paciente; as estratégias de enfrentamento, pela aplicação da escala de modo de enfrentamento de problemas; a qualidade de vida, pelo World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-HIV-BREF). Resultados: Após 24 meses de seguimento, as estratégias de enfrentamento mais e menos utilizadas por estes indivíduos foram religiosidade/pensamento fantasioso (Média [M]=3,8, desvio padrão [DP]=0,8, Mediana [Md]=3,8 [variação interquartil - IQR: 3,3–4,4]) e focalização na emoção, respectivamente. A percepção geral da qualidade de vida entre esses participantes foi considerada boa, com aumento significativo dos escores da qualidade de vida total quando comparados ao inicio do tratamento (M=15,6, DP=2,1, Md=15,9 [IQR: 14,5–17,2], p<0,001)). O aumento do escore no domínio espiritualidade do World Health Organization Quality of Life representa risco para não adesão em 1,4 vezes para cada unidade aumentada (odds ratio ajustado=1,411, intervalo de confiança 95% 1,411–1,057). Por sua vez o aumento do escore no fator busca pelo suporte social do escala de modo de enfrentamento de problemas representou proteção para não adesão, ou seja, para cada unidade aumentada no escore do fator, a chance de aderir aumenta em 75,7% (odds ratio ajustado=0,243, intervalo de confiança 95% 0,086–0,692). Conclusão: O componente suporte social influenciou positivamente a adesão à terapia antirretroviral, dado o caráter estigmatizante que a doença (aids) e a condição de portador do vírus da imunodeficiência humana carrega consigo.
Cartilha educativa acerca das vulnerabilidades e demandas em saúde da população LGBTQIA+
Authors: Bezerra Sara Araújo , Rodrigues Victor Caetano , Pinheiro Ana Karina Bezerra
Published: February 2022

Introdução: A desinformação dos profissionais de saúde acerca das vulnerabilidades da população LGBTQIA+, incluindo a suscetibilidade destes ao vírus do vírus da imunodeficiência humana, caracteriza-se como uma barreira para a promoção da saúde dessa população. Portanto, há necessidade de desenvolver estratégias para promoção de saberes específicos na formação dos profissionais. Objetivo: Desenvolver cartilha educativa para profissionais da saúde acerca das vulnerabilidades e demandas em saúde da população LGBTQIA+. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo de desenvolvimento tecnológico. O referencial teórico utilizado se baseia no princípio de educação libertadora proposto por Freire (1989). A elaboração da cartilha ocorreu em quatro etapas: 1. Revisão da literatura acerca das principais demandas em saúde da população LGBTQIA+, 2. Revisão das políticas de saúde integral, 3. Elaboração do conteúdo escrito da cartilha educativa, 4. Produção das ilustrações e design gráfico da cartilha, 5. Divulgação da cartilha por meio das mídias sociais do Grupo de Pesquisa Promoção da Saúde Sexual e Reprodutiva do Departamento de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal do Ceará e da atenção primária em saúde. Resultados: A cartilha é composta de quatro seções, tendo por escopo: a explicação de noções básicas sobre a população LGBTQIA+, a exposição dos direitos dessa população e de suas principais demandas de saúde, na qual será abordada a prevenção e o tratamento do vírus da imunodeficiência humana, além de oferecer base para o atendimento e encaminhamento desses pacientes. Espera-se que a cartilha cumpra seu propósito informativo e atinja a maior quantidade de profissionais da saúde possíveis, além de contribuir para uma assistência mais especializada e humanizada. Conclusão: Verifica-se que essa cartilha procura apresentar conteúdos fundamentais para promoção da saúde integral da população LGBTQIA+, com ênfase em sua saúde sexual e prevenção do vírus da imunodeficiência humana. O design gráfico busca ser atrativo e estimular a leitura pelos profissionais.
Caracterização de mulheres grávidas positivas para o vírus da imunodeficiência humana que vivenciam violência por parceiro íntimo
Authors: Gonçalves Verônica , Ananias Larissa de Souza , Pinheiro Izabela da Silva , Cordeiro Aylee de Souza , Monnerat Isabela da Costa , Teixeira Selma Villas Boas , Rangel Leila da Silva , Alves Yamê Regina , Oliveira Luiza Pereira Maia de
Published: February 2022

Introdução: A violência e o vírus da imunodeficiência humana são problemas sociais que possuem consequências nefastas à saúde das mulheres grávidas, principalmente. Esse contexto acarreta a alta prevalência de violência perpetrada por parceiro íntimo na gravidez, causando repercussões negativas à saúde do binômio mãe-bebê e aumentando o risco de transmissão do vírus da imunodeficiência humana, bem como de outras infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. Objetivo: Caracterizar o perfil sociodemográfico de mulheres grávidas convivendo com vírus da imunodeficiência humana e sua relação com a violência por parceiro íntimo. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, exploratória, qualitativa, desenvolvida em três municípios do estado do Rio de Janeiro, sendo um hospital universitário, localizado na Zona Norte do município do Rio de Janeiro (RJ), e duas unidades de assistência especializada em vírus da imunodeficiência humana/aids, localizadas nos municípios de Macaé (RJ) e Rio das Ostras (RJ). A técnica de coleta de dados foi um roteiro de entrevista semiestruturada. Resultados: Foram entrevistadas 27 mulheres, das quais 24 vivenciaram violência perpetrada por parceiro íntimo. As formas de violência relatadas foram a psicológica, para 19 mulheres, física, para 12 delas, sexual, para 5 das mulheres, patrimonial, para 10 delas, e moral, para 18 delas. Dessas, 10 se autodeclararam de cor preta, 10 pardas e 7 brancas. Quanto à escolaridade, apenas 1 possuía ensino superior completo, 11 possuíam ensino médio completo e 8 ainda não haviam concluído. Uma completou apenas o ensino fundamental e seis pararam de estudar ainda nesse período. Quanto ao preservativo, 22 nunca haviam usado. Onze relataram ter tido inúmeros relacionamentos. Conclusão: Os dados analisados possibilitaram a identificação do perfil das gestantes positivas para o vírus da imunodeficiência humana/aids nas regiões em questão, mostrando que a baixa escolaridade, a cor da pele preta ou parda, as relações sexuais com muitos parceiros e o não uso do preservativo podem se tornar fatores de risco tanto para vivenciar a violência perpetrada por parceiro íntimo como para contrair o vírus da imunodeficiência humana.
Projeto de integração de ações entre Atenção Primária à Saúde e Vigilância em Saúde no Amapá — contribuições e dificuldades
Authors: Brito Rosa Maria Guimarães , Carvalho Josenir , Codenotti Stefano Barbosa
Published: February 2022

Introdução: A integração das iniciativas entre Atenção Primária à Saúde e Vigilância em Saúde sempre representou uma limitação desafiadora para o Sistema Único de Saúde, sendo desenvolvido o Projeto Força Tarefa com a finalidade de prover apoiadores para corroborar com essa integração nos estados. Objetivo: Expor as construções que foram possibilitadas e as dificuldades experimentadas durante o trabalho das apoiadoras no estado do Amapá. Métodos: Relato de experiência, com algumas realizações e dificuldades vivenciadas pelas apoiadoras do Projeto Força Tarefa no estado do Amapá, de abril/2020 a março/2021, utilizando técnica de coleta de dados contínua, com diário de campo e coleta de dados secundários por meio de pesquisa no sistema para acompanhamento de desempenho dos apoiadores nos territórios, desenvolvido pela Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. Resultados: Inicialmente o acesso aos gestores estaduais foi muito difícil e com muita resistência, momento em que a intervenção do Conselho de Secretarias Municipais de Saúde e da Superintendência Estadual do Ministério da Saúde foi primordial. Após a apresentação do projeto e proposta, conseguimos nos inserir, fomentar as discussões necessárias e apoiar as ações. Grande parte das atividades se materializaram em reuniões e eventos envolvendo a Secretaria Estadual de Saúde e a Superintendência de Vigilância em Saúde do Amapá, resultando em mais de 252 atividades realizadas, integrando diversas ações de saúde e contribuindo sobretudo para as ações de enfrentamento à COVID-19 e ao surto de sarampo. Conclusão: Apesar das dificuldades iniciais, foi possível desenvolver um trabalho bastante proveitoso, apoiando as instituições de saúde mediante o cenário epidemiológico sobreposto e semeando a percepção e compreensão da relevância da integração entre Atenção Primária à Saúde e Vigilância em Saúde, que proporciona melhor eficiência, efetividade e qualidade das ações em saúde, ampliando o alcance de resultados na perspectiva da integralidade da atenção. Este trabalho frutifica, ainda, no desenvolvimento de ações de Vigilância em Saúde transversais às ações das equipes de Atenção Primária à Saúde, com compartilhamento de responsabilidades e raciocínio epidemiológico.
Prevalência e genotipagem de papilomavírus humano em mulheres que fazem sexo com mulheres
Authors: Ignacio Mariana Alice de Oliveira , Buesso Thayna Santos , Morales Julia Andrade Pessoa , Bento Giovana Fernanda Cosi , Silva Marcia Guimarães da , Duarte Marli Teresinha Cassamassimo
Published: February 2022

Introdução: A infecção pelo papilomavirus humano entre as mulheres que fazem sexo com mulheres ainda é pouco conhecida e escassos estudos apoiam a transmissão sexual entre essa população. Objetivo: Descrever a prevalência e genotipagem de infecção pelo papilomavírus humano entre mulheres que fazem sexo com mulheres. Métodos: Estudo descritivo que incluiu 110 mulheres que declararam fazer sexo com mulheres nos últimos 12 meses, maiores de 18 anos e residentes no interior de São Paulo. Os dados foram obtidos por entrevista e exame físico ginecológico entre janeiro de 2019 e janeiro de 2020. Apesquisa e genotipagem para o papilomavírus humano foi realizada pelo Kit XGEN MULTI HPV CHIP, que possibilita a identificação de 35 genótipos, sendo os de alto risco (16, 18, 26, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 53, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 73 e 82) e baixo risco (6, 11, 40, 42, 43, 44, 54, 55, 61, 62, 67, 69, 70, 71, 72, 81 e 84). Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva. A pesquisa recebeu parecer favorável do comitê de ética local (parecer n. 3.009.410). Resultados: A maioria das participantes se autodeclarava branca (73,6%), não vivia com parceiras (86,4%), recebia penetração vaginal (92,7%) e fazia uso inconsistente de preservativo nas relações sexuais (89,1%). Aproximadamente um terço delas referiu troca de parcerias sexuais nos três meses que antecederam a coleta de dados (32,7%). A prevalência geral de papilomavírus humano foi de 56,4% e os genótipos de alto risco encontrados foram 16,18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 68, 73, 82, e de baixo risco 6, 11, 40, 42, 43, 44, 54, 55, 61, 62, 67, 70, 71, 72, 81. Conclusão: mulheres que fazem sexo com mulheres possuem altas prevalências de papilomavírus humano, com destaque para os genótipos de alto risco encontrados, demonstrando sua vulnerabilidade aos agravos relacionados ao papilomavírus humano.
Saúde sexual da população LGBT+ vivendo com e sem vírus da imunodeficiência humana durante a pandemia de COVID-19: um estudo transversal
Authors: Brito Emerson , Dornelles Thayane , Wendland Eliana
Published: February 2022

Introdução: A pandemia de COVID-19 impactou diretamente toda a população mundial, incluindo mudanças no comportamento sexual. A população LGBT+ é afetada de maneira desproporcional pela pandemia. Objetivo: Avaliar características do comportamento sexual da população LGBT+ vivendo com e sem vírus da imunodeficiência humana durante a pandemia da COVID-19 no Brasil. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado entre setembro e outubro de 2020. Os participantes foram recrutados por meio de uma amostragem por conveniência, sendo convidados a responder um questionário online com questões sobre comportamento sexual divulgado por redes sociais e sites direcionados à população LGBT+ maior de 18 anos. Resultados: A amostra foi composta de 623 participantes (58,7% gays, 15,5% lésbicas, 21,5% bissexuais), entre os quais 57 (9.1%) referiram diagnóstico de vírus da imunodeficiência humana. O uso de aplicativo de relacionamento foi maior entre as pessoas vivendo com vírus da imunodeficiência humana (94,1%) comparado com pessoas sem vírus da imunodeficiência humana (84,4%) (p=0,04). Uma maior redução no uso dos aplicativos nos primeiros meses de pandemia foi observada em indivíduos sem vírus da imunodeficiência humana (52,3% versus 30,3%, p=0,03). Embora no geral tenha havido uma diminuição importante no número de relações sexuais, não houve diferença entre o grupos (60,8% com vírus da imunodeficiência humana versus 57,9% sem vírus da imunodeficiência humana, p=0,86), assim como no uso de prevervativos. Entretanto, foi observada uma diminuição do número médio de parceiros casuais nesse período de 14 para 5 e de 4 para 2 entre pessoas vivendo com e sem vírus da imunodeficiência humana, respectivamente. Conclusão: A pandemia de COVID-19 impactou de forma importante no comportamento sexual da população LGBT+, com diminuição do número de parceiros casuais e aumento de uso de aplicativos de relacionamento, especialmente na população LGBT+ vivendo com vírus da imunodeficiência humana. Políticas de saúde voltadas a essa população para a prevenção de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis são fundamentais e precisam ser mantidas e intensificadas durante a pandemia.
Serviço Ambulatorial Especializado, espaço de cuidado: ressignificando os sentidos da retenção
Authors: Noguchi Norma , Rabelo Sophia , Abe Marina , Ferreira Svetelania , Madi Lauricy
Published: February 2022

Introdução: Segundo o Sistema de Controle Logístico de Medicamentos (2020), havia cerca de 4.900 pessoas vivendo com vírus da imunodeficiência humana/aids em terapia antirretroviral, e aproximadamente 10% encontrava-se em abandono de tratamento em um Serviço Ambulatorial Especializado em infecções sexualmente transmissíveis/aids localizado na região norte do município de São Paulo (SP). Sabendo da importância da redução da taxa de abandono e pensando na meta mundial 90/90/90, a Coordenadoria Municipal de Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis/Aids de São Paulo contratou uma agente de retenção para compor e auxiliar a equipe multiprofissional da unidade na busca ativa, monitoramento e mudança deste cenário. Objetivo: Repensar e ampliar estratégias para retenção das PVHA matriculadas em um Serviço Ambulatorial Especializado do município de São Paulo. Métodos: Foram identificados os pacientes que não retiravam os antirretrovirais há mais de 100 dias. Realizado busca ativa desses, que foram monitorados e convocados via WhatsApp ou via telefônica. No comparecimento ao Serviço Ambulatorial Especializado, a reaproximação foi realizada por uma consulta farmacêutica acompanhada pela agente de prevenção. Os prontuários desses pacientes foram identificados com fitas adesivas tarjadas para facilitar o monitoramento. Resultados: Após as convocações e consultas farmacêuticas, 55% estão em tratamento regular no Serviço Ambulatorial Especializado. Cerca de 90% dos contatos com sucesso foram realizados via WhatsApp. Entre os motivos de abandono, a maioria relatou problemas familiares e de saúde mental. Verificou-se por parte de alguns pacientes um movimento inquietante de volta à situação de abandono após primeira reaproximação. Conclusão: A busca ativa com convocação via WhatsApp resultou em uma estratégia exitosa, reforçando a importância do investimento em insumos que facilitem este processo. Verificou-se que ações isoladas em apenas um setor e centradas no tratamento medicamentoso não garantem a retenção. Evidenciou-se também a importância da adoção de tecnologias leves, de modo a promover um espaço de cuidado e ressignificação do tratamento. Para tal, é fundamental ampliar e criar novas estratégias que resultem no atendimento das necessidades de saúde da PVHA.
O perfil epidemiológico da sífilis no município de Vassouras (RJ). Estratégias e desafios dos enfermeiros da atenção básica para promoção e prevenção da sífilis
Authors: Gomes Elisângela do Nascimento Fernandes , Silva Thainá Souza , Monsores Thais Maria Niemeyer da Rocha , Vargas André Luiz Vasconcellos , Gomes Júnior Rubens Vieira , Fernandes Danielle Lamon , Souza Alessandra da Silva , Silva Jannaina Sther Leite Godinho , Silva Brenda Cortes da , Pessoa Vitória Aciolly
Published: February 2022

Introdução: A sífilis é uma infecção bacteriana sistêmica, crônica e curável, conhecida há séculos. Nos últimos cinco anos teve um aumento constante da doença. O Ministério da Saúde vem incentivando a ampliação do diagnóstico e tratamento, no entanto, as taxas de morbidade materna, infecção congênita e mortalidade perinatal permanecem altas. Objetivo: O estudo teve como objetivo descrever a epidemiologia da sífilis no município de Vassouras (RJ) dos anos de 2016 a 2018. Compreender acerca das ações de promoção e prevenção dessa enfermidade desenvolvida pelos enfermeiros da Atenção Básica de Saúde. Metodos: Foi uma Pesquisa de campo, exploratória, descritiva e quantitativa. Aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa com Seres Humanos da Universidade de Vassouras, recebeu n. 3.569.360. Realizada nas Estratégias Saúde da Família, participaram 14 enfermeiros. Utilizado um questionário semiestruturado para coleta dos dados. Os dados foram analisados por estatística descritiva e apresentados sobre a forma de gráficos e tabelas. Resultados: Houve um declínio da infecção entre os anos 2016 a 2017 e, em 2018, um acentuado crescimento. É predominante no sexo feminino com 60,2%, as faixas etárias prevalente foram: de 15 a 24, com 30,8%, e 30 a 45 anos, com 27,8%. Na zona urbana apresenta a maioria dos casos com 76,7%. A sífilis adquirida permaneceu em maior número nos três anos. Os desafios apontados: preconceito, difícil acesso das unidades na zona rural, tratamento doloroso, levando a baixa adesão. Estratégias relatadas: oferta de testes rápidos, distribuição de preservativos, atividade educativa, busca ativa dos parceiros e abandono. Conclusão: Conclui-se que há a necessidade de reorganização, reformulação e no planejamento dos serviços oferecidos à população, para melhorar a assistência de enfermagem e a qualidade do atendimento, tendo como objetivo a adesão da comunidade, tornando efetivas as ações de promoção e prevenção da sífilis para redução dos índices de infecção no município.
Effect of Irrigation Regime on the Cultivation of Five Wild Colocynth[Citrullus colocynthsis (L.) Schrad.] Ecotypes in Terms of Their Growth, Seed Yield and Oil content
Authors: EL Dosh Zeinab E.E. M. , Elsiddig Marmar A. , Mohamed Abdel Moneim E. , Ali Abdalla M.
Published: February 2022

The objective of this research was to evaluate the response of five wild colocynth (an important medicinal plant) ecotypes toirrigation regime as a basic input of cultural practices. The research was laid out in a split plot design with three replications. Treatments were two irrigation regimes (Q1= 100 % Etc and Q2= 50 % Etc) and five wild colocynth ecotypes (G, SF, SD, GD and NK). The experiment was run for two seasons (2014 and 2015). Parameters measured were days to 50 % flowering, number of fruits per plant, number of seeds per fruit weight of 1000 seeds, seed yield and oil content of seeds. Days to 50 %flowering were not significantly affected by watering regimes for the two seasons; however, ecotypes were significantly effective in the first  season only. Number of fruits per plant was not significantly affected by watering regimes in both seasons; yet, ecotypes were significantly affected in the first season only. The highest number of fruits/plant wasproduced by ecotype G in the first season and by NK in the second season. The lowest number was produced by ecotype SD in both seasons. Number of seeds per fruit was not significantly different between the watering regimes in both seasons; it was, however, significantly different among ecotypes in both seasons. There was no significant difference in seed yields between watering regimes in both seasons. Ecotype GD produced the highest seed yield in both seasons.The two watering regimes and ecotypes were significantly different regarding weight of 1000 seeds in the first but not in the second season.Mean oil percent of seeds resulting from irrigated ecotypes (15.2%) was higher than that of seeds collected from the wild (12.1%).Moreover, mean oil percent from seeds produced by high and low irrigation was individually higher than that of seeds from the wild habitat. In the wild habitat, SD produced the highest (16.0%) oil percent and NK the lowest (6.4%). When irrigated, ecotypes showed differential positive response. In conclusion, wild colocynth ectypes responded positively to irrigation regarding oil content of seeds, which is the most important product, indicating possibility of inclusion of colocynth in the existing cropping system thereby ensuring its conservation and economic use. More research, however, is needed todetermine, precisely, the irrigation water requirement for colocynth seed production.
Estimation of the Genetic Diversity among Twenty Guar (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L. Taub) Genotypes Using Molecular Markers
Authors: Abdel Rahman Yossria A. , Abdalla Abdel wahab H. , Ahmed Abdelazim A.
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study was to determine the genetic diversity and relationships among twenty newly developed genotypes of Cyamopsis tetragonoloba using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) molecular technique. Data obtained from application of ten molecular markers were subjected to the procedure of clusters analysis. RandomAmplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) molecular markers indicated the presence of a wide genetic diversity among the studied twenty genotypes of guar. The constructed dendrogram, based on Jaccard’s similarity coefficients,differentiated the genotypes into seven main clusters. The closest genotypes were genotypes Gm34 and L53 with (98 % similarity), while the most diverse ones were genotype L14 and genotype Gm16 with 29% genetic similarity. It was concluded that use of RAPD markers can be used for efficient estimation of genetic diversity in guar. Hence, the current investigation can contribute toenhancement of molecular breeding approach for the development of improved guar genotypes.
Note on Effect of Sulfuric Acid on Breaking Seed Dormancy of Least snout Bean (Rynchosia minima L.)
Authors: Babikir Eltayeb Suleiman Nile , Ali Safa Sulieman , Mohammed Ismail Ahmed
Published: February 2022

Least snout bean (Rynchosia minima L.) is considered a promising rangeland legume fodder for marginal land in Sudan, but its seeds are associated with high dormancy (%). This study was carried out at the Laboratory of the Plant physiology, Department of Botany and Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum to investigate the effect of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) on breaking seeds dormancy of least snout bean. The seeds were soaked in 0, 50, 70, and 100% H2SO4 concentrations for 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 minutes. The seeds were germinated in petri dishes and incubated at room temperature for 10 days. The H2SO4 concentration and soaking period significantly (P < 0.01) increased seeds germination (%) and decreased mean germination time (MGT). The germination percentage was increased while MGT was decreased by increasing soaking period up to 60 min. The highest germination (%) and lowest MGT were obtained by soaking the seeds in 70 % H2SO4 for 60 minutes. The result would be useful for large-scale establishment of least snout bean in natural rangelands.
Knowledge Networking among Women’s Groups, Finance Institutions and Extension Adminstration inRahad Agricultural Scheme- Sudan
Authors: Elhadi Tyseer Omer , Boland Hermann
Published: February 2022

The Establishment of the Rahad Agricultural Scheme in Eastern Sudan in the 1970s established an agricultural innovation system where different actors are networking to provide better livelihoods within the irrigated scheme area. The objectives of the paper are presenting the connections of women groups and their networking to the extension and finance institutions in the scheme area and trying to relate it to the theorizing of agriculture knowledge and information system, so new roles and connections are suggested to improve the performance of Rahad Agricultural Scheme. System thinking is the methodology to analyze knowledge networking among extension, and finance institutions from one side and among women’s groups on other side. Accordingly, Rapid Appraisal of Agricultural Knowledge Systems (RAAKS) and Social Network Analysis were conducted to identify roles and knowledge sharing among Women Groups, Saving and Social Development Bank and Extension Administration in Rahad Agricultural Scheme. Results of this research showed that most Women Associations interviewed had a sense of independence from the Women’s Union activities, while the Women’s Union expressed closer connections and had a sense of ownership over the Women’s Associations activities such as saving funds and Quran learning lessons. Some Women Groups in Rahad Agricultural Scheme are actively engaged in non -farming micro-finance projects through their connections with Saving and Social Development Bank. However, their farming and livestock keeping activities are not recognized by Extension Administration in the scheme and not financed by the schemes finance institutions. Building of multi hubs model (connecting actors with training and capacity building) is the strategy to improve knowledge networking between women’s groups, Extension Administration and Saving and Social Development Bank. In this manner, the extension can be the knowledge broker who can connect actors and communicate information in order to improve the networking among the studied actors which would enhance the performance of agricultural innovations in Rahad Agricultural Scheme as a whole
Comparison of Post-Operative Pain and Hospital Stay in Patients Undergoing Intraperitoneal Onlay Mesh (IPOM) with open Sublay Mesh Repair Hernioplasty
Authors: Akram Muhammad Usman , Haq Hafiz Muhammad Ijaz Ul , Haider Sohaib , Ghani Muhammad Tahir , Mirza Fawad Aamir , Raza Ahmad
Published: February 2022

Objective: To compare the outcome (in-terms of mean post-operative pain and hospital stay) of intraperitoneal onlay mesh (IPOM) with open sublay mesh repair in patients undergoing ventral hernia repair. Materials and Methods: A total number of 150 patients of ventral hernia planned for hernia repair were included in this randomized controlled trial from Jan-2020 to June-2021. Patients were divided into Group I (IPOM) and group II (OSM). IPOM; in these patients intraperitoneal onlay mesh (IPOM) repair was done laparoscopically. OSM group; in these patients open mesh repair was done. Post-operative pain score and hospital stay were main study outcomes. Results: Mean duration of herniation was 5.96±3.24 months in IPOM and 6.28±2.35 months in OSM group (p-value 0.49). Hypertension was the commonest morbidity was hypertension, diagnosed in 40 (53.3%) patients in IPOM and in 41 (54.7%) patients in OSM group (p-value 0.88). Mean post-op pain was significantly high in OSM group; 2.60±1.06 versus 1.68±1.06 in OSM group (p-value <0.0001). Mean hospital stay was shorter in IPOM group; 4.44±1.62 days versus 5.65±1.98 days in OSM group (p-value <0.0001). Conclusion: IPOM repair is a viable and safe option, according to the results of our research. The open SUBLAY approach has a higher morbidity than IPOM laparoscopic ventral hernia repair. A shorter hospital stay is another benefit of the IPOM. Keywords: undergoing intraperitoneal onlay mesh (IPOM), open sublay mesh repair hernioplasty, post-operative pain.
The Relationship between Academic Motivation Levels and Career Decisions of Physical Education and Sports Science Students
Authors: Özman Cemal , Pekel Aydın
Published: February 2022

Aim: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between academic motivation levels and career decisions of physical education and sports science students. Methods: In accordance with the aim of the study, the research model was designed based on correlational survey model. The universe of the research is made up of students of Istanbul City Public and Foundation Universities, Physical Education and Sports Vocational School of Higher Education and Faculty of Sports Science, while the sample is made up of 398 voluntary students. Participants were asked to fill personal information forms, academic motivation scales and career decision scales. The data gathered were transferred to the SPSS 25 packaged software, and correlation and regression analyses were performed. Conclusion: In conclusion, it was determined that students of physical education and sports science have a good level of academic motivation while the perception of career decision is at medium level. It was determined that, there is a low level relationship between academic motivation and informed career decision and uninformed career decision, a medium level relationship between academic motivation and career decision general score, and that the academic motivation level predicts the career decision and explains 22% of the total variation. Keywords: Physical Education and Sports, Academic Motivation, Career Decision, University Students
Outcome of all Tunneled Catheters for Dialysis Access: a Single Center Study
Authors: Rafiq Muhammad Yasir , Saleem Maj Gen Salman , Nawaz Talha Haq , Sabir Haroon , Nawaz Aisha Haq , Zafar Madiha
Published: February 2022

Renal failure affects up to 18% of hospitalized patients and is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and resource utilization. Hemodialysis is used mostly as renal replacement therapy method all over the world. Maintaining a functioning upper extremity vascular access for a prolonged duration continues to remain a challenge for dialysis providers. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the outcome of all tunneled catheters placed in a single center for dialysis access over a period of six months. Study Design: Descriptive case series study Setting: Study was conducted in Dialysis Department, Combined Military Hospital, Lahore. Duration of Study: Present research was conducted from 6th May 2019 to 5th Nov 2019. Methodlogy: A total of 145 patients were enrolled after informed consent. Demographic information with duration of hemodialysis was also noted. In all patients tunneled catheter was placed for dialysis, by primary investigator. Then patients were followed-up for 2 months and were assessed for catheter in next visit. If there was redness, pain, and pus present then infection labeled. On assessment of catheter condition, if it was found damaged, fell out, exposed cuff, or fractures, blocked then catheter failure was noted. All this information was recorded through proforma. Results: Mean age was 45.72 ± 15.31 years; Mean duration of dialysis was 7.66 ± 2.93 months. Male were 53.8% and female were 46.2%. Placement of catheter was at internal jugular 116 (80%) patients, at subclavian 21 (14.5%) and at femoral 8 (5.5%). Infection was present in 13.1% patients while it was absent in 86.9% patients. Catheter failure was seen in 4.1% patients, there was no significant association between presence of catheter failure and age group, gender, BMI, duration of dialysis and site of catheter having p-value = 0.322, 0.849, 0.741, 0.716 and 0.457 respectively. Significant association was not found between presence of infection and age group, gender, BMI, duration of dialysis and site of catheter having p-value = 0.591, 0.380, 0.081, 0.538 and 0.540 respectively. Conclusion: Presence of Infection was observed in 13.1% patients and catheter failure was present in 4.1% patients with chronic kidney disease on maintenance hemodialysis. Effect modifiers like age group, gender, BMI, duration of dialysis and site of catheter did not show significant association. Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease, Infection, Catheter Failure, Hemodialysis.
Association of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) with Early Morbidity in Patients of Heart Disease (IHD) Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery (CABG)
Authors: Afridi Muhammad Saeed , Butt Muhammad Ahmad Raza , Suleman Khan M.D Muhammad , Anjum Muhammad , Ammar Muhammad , Tauqir Rimsha
Published: February 2022

Objective: To find association of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) with early morbidity in patients of heart disease(IHD) undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) Methodology: In this Prospective Cohort Study conducted at Deptt. of Cardiac Surgery / Punjab Institute of Cardiology(PIC), which is tertiary Cardiac Center in Punjab/Lahore, we enrolled 200 cases(100 exposed and 100 non-exposed) who were undergoing isolated CABG procedure, all cases taking or in need of anti-diabetic agents either pre-operative diagnosis or at admission were classified as DM. The preoperative variables were noted before undergoing surgical operation while operative, and postoperative variables (Renal Dysfunction, bleeding and usage of intra-aortic balloon pump) was collected prospectively recorded. Results: The frequency of post operative complications was recorded as 28%(n=28) in exposed and 10%(n=10) in non-exposed group, R.R was 2.80, p value was 0.002, bleeding in exposed group was 12%(n=12) and 9%(n=9) in non-exposed group, R.R was 1.33, p value was 0.49 whereas usage of intra aortic balloon pump was 16%(n=16) in exposed and 12%(n=12) in non-exposed group, R.R was 1.34, p value was 0.41. Conclusion: We concluded that there is a significant association of DM with early morbidity in patients of IHD undergoing CABG. Keywords: Ischemic heart disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery (CABG), early morbidity
External Fixation as a Primary and Definitive Treatment for Tibial Diaphyseal Fractures: a Retrospective Longitudinal Study
Authors: Khan Asfandyar , Hassan Sayed Najmul , Farhat Muhammad Farhan , Riaz Arsalan , Mukhtar Basit , Ali Akbar
Published: February 2022

Aim:To assess the potency of unilateral external fixation as a proper cure for tibial fractures. Study design: A retrospective longitudinal study Place and duration: This study was conducted at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS) Islamabad Pakistan from August 2020 to August 2021. Methodology:Treatment of 225 tibial shaft fractures was done, in which closed fractures took 22 weeks and open 26 weeks for complete fusion. All fractures were fixed with AO fixator Results:Data of 210 patients was evaluated. Treatment of 225 tibial shaft fractures was done, in which closed fractures took 22 weeks and open 26 weeks for complete fusion. A total of 17 nonunion patients were observed while there were 22 delayed fusions, 5 malunion, 59 pin infections, and 4 osteomyelitis, 43 patients went through the re-operation process. Conclusion:Four patients had fat embolism while pulmonary embolism was present in six and venous thrombosis in 15 patients. The ultimate treatment in 88.0% of patients was external fixation. If there is a no formation of callus formation, reoperation should be carried out so unilateral external fixation is the preferred treatment for tibial fractures. Keywords: External Fixation, Tibial Diaphyseal Fractures, treatment
Assessment of the Simultaneous Presence of Helicobacter Pylori in the Gastric Mucosa and Gallbladder Mucosa in Patients Suffering from Cholecystitis: a cross Sectional Study
Authors: Kafeel Asma , Bashir Jamshed , Khan Ishfaq Ahmad , Bawany Muhammad Adnan , Rashid Muhammad Javaid , Ara Jahana
Published: February 2022

Aim: The current study was designed to assess the simultaneous presence of H. pylori in gastric and gallbladder mucosa in the patients of acute cholecystitis or symptomatic cholelithiasis. Study design: Cross sectional study Place and duration: This study was conducted at Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad, Pakistan from March 2020 to March 2021. Methodology: A total of 43 patients suffering from acute cholecystitis and symptomatic cholelithiasis were selected. Their age, gender, and the presence of H. pylori in the gallbladder and gastric mucosa was determined and recorded. The results were statistically analyzed by SPSS version 22. Results: Out of the 43 patients, 20 were male, and 23 were female. Recorded mean age was 54.8±9.9 years and 22 (51.2%) had acute cholecystitis and the remaining 21 (48.8%) had cholelithiasis. In the gastric mucosa, in 14 patients (32.6%) H. pylori was positive. Similarly, in the gall bladder; it was positive in 19 patients (44.2%). In 6 patients (13.9%) i.e. in 4 men and 2 women, H pylori was simultaneously present in both gallbladder and gastric mucosa. No particular relationship was observed in the H. pylori’s presence or absence in gallbladder and gastric mucosa. Conclusion: The presence of H. pylori in gallbladder plays a critical role in the gallbladder’s infection. However, its simultaneous presence in gastric mucosa is not a good standard to assess biliary diseases. Keywords: H. pylori, Cholecystitis, Cholelithiasis, Gallbladder, Gastric mucosa
Outcome of Patients with Comminuted Fractures of Patella Treated with Claw Shape Plate, a case Series at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Soomro Saifullah , Shaikh Asif Ali , Soomro Zamir Ahmed , Ahuja Jagdesh Kumar
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Comminuted fractures of patella are usually dealt with partial or complete patellectomy which compromise the extensor mechanism. Claw plate is newly introduced device to fix comminuted fractures, which provide easy and efficacious method of preserving patella and is used in selected cases. Methods: This prospective observational case series was conducted at orthopaedic department Chandka Medical College (SMBBMU) Larkana from March 2020 to May 2021. Twenty one cases were selected via consecutive sampling with comminuted fracture of patella who were treated with newly introduced claw shape patellar plate. Age of patients was ranging from 18 years to 70 years. All patients were admitted in tertiary care hospital and were operated by senior surgeon. During procedure patella was approached through anterior mid line incision over knee, fracture reduced and fixed with claw shape patella plate. Post operatively patients were assessed on subsequent follow up visits and outcome of procedure was observed on the basis of functional (Clinical) and radiological results. The functional (clinical) outcome was measured on basis of Lysholm knee score and radiologically x-rays of knee were done to see union pattern. Final outcome of procedure was concluded after 6 month of operation. Results of all patients were compiled and analysed by using statistical package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 21 Results: Twenty one patients were enrolled in our study, among them 15(71.4%) were male and six (28.6) were female; the mean age of patients was 42.52 years. The mean length of operation was 55 minutes (40 to 72 minutes). Bone union on radiograph was observed at 20th weeks after surgery in all patients, mean age of fracture healing was 11.5 weeks, (Ranges from 6th to 20th week). At final evaluation found excellent results in 12 (71%) patients, five (29%) patients obtain good results, while four patients lost follow up. Conclusions: Partial or complete patellectomy can be avoided in comminuted patella fractures and patella can be preserved in these fractures by using claw shape patella plate. Keywords: Comminuted fractures, Patella, Claw plate.
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern in Isolates of Postoperative Wound Infections and Bacteriology of Surgical Site Infections: a Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Azhar Osama , Bashir Jamshed , Ghias Nighat , Farid Javeria , Adeel Khan Raja Muhammad , Zaman Junaid
Published: February 2022

Aim: The goal of this research was to look at the microorganisms that cause infections on surgical site & their antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Study design: Cross sectional study Place & duration: This study was conducted at National Hospital and Medical Center Lahore, Pakistan from December 2019 to December 2020 Methodology: Surgical site infection samples were taken from patients who complained of post-operative discomfort, edema, drainage, and a delayed or non-healing wound. Following routine protocol, two swabs were taken from each patient’s surgery site. After 18-24 hours of incubation at 35°C-37°C, the diameter of antibiotic discs was classified & measured as sensitive (S), intermediate (I), or resistant (R) Results: According to the data, 60 (56.07 percent) of 107 samples acquired from post-operative patients with symptoms of wound infection indicated single isolates, 13 (12.14 percent) revealed multiple isolates, and 34 (31.77 percent) samples revealed no bacterial growth. In all, 86 isolates have been identified, including 29 (33.7%) Gram +ve and 57 (66.3%) Gram -ve organisms. Gram positive bacteria were very susceptible to vancomycin & linezolid (100%) and gentamicin (79.3%), while Polymyxin B (94.7%), as well as imipenem, were extremely vulnerable to Gram negative bacteria (79.3 percent ). Conclusion: The most prevalent organisms identified from the surgical site infection were Staphylococcus aureus (MAAS) and E.coli. Microorganisms, both gram positive and gram negative, acquired resistance to more regularly used medications such as penicillin, cephalosporins, and even cost-effective quinolones, according to the findings of this research. Keywords: surgical site infection, hospital acquired infections, gram +ve bacteria, gram –ve bacteria, antibiotics
Impact of Social Media on Students Entrepreneurial Orientation: A Study of Selected Institutions in Nigeria
Authors: Adebayo  , P. O.
Published: February 2022

Regardless of huge prospects for entrepreneurial opportunity exploitation as provided by online social media, students’ predispositions to opportunity identification and business startup have been low. This has resulted to poor innovation, less business startup intention, and ultimately increased graduate unemployment in most developing nations. This study attempts to investigate the impact of online social networking on students’ entrepreneurial orientation. A survey of 185 undergraduates across various disciplines was selected from five tertiary institutions through a self-administered questionnaire. The data were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistical tools with the aid of SPSS 1 6.0. The result revealed active engagement of students in online social network sites such as WhatsApp, LinkedIn, Instagram, and Facebook among others. However, the test of hypothesis revealed an insignificant relationship between online social networks and students’ willingness to startup a business. The study recommends that students need to change their orientation towards embracing online social network as a platform for business idea generation, opportunity identification and business networking.
Domestic Resource Mobilization, Financial Access and Inclusion for Inclusive Growth in Nigerian
Authors: Obasi Nwele J. , N. Ngene Amuche , A. Uduimoh Anthony
Published: February 2022

This paper is a search light beamed to the investigation of the existing level of domestic resource mobilization, financial access and inclusion for inclusive growth in Nigeria, progressive policy development of government and implementation. Cohesive management of domestic resource mobilization, financial access and inclusion for inclusive growth are the driving force of all vibrant economy of the developed societies of the world, and a panacea to high level productivity of developing nations. Domestic resource mobilization, financial access and inclusion for inclusive growth are elements of political economy; it deals with both micro and macro-economics, with macroeconomics as the branch of economics concerned with the aggregate, or overall, economy. Macroeconomics deals with economics factors such as total national output and income, unemployment, balance of payments, and the rate of inflation, and is distinct from microeconomics, which is the study of the competition of the output such as the supply and demand for individual goals and services, the way they are traded in markets, and the pattern of their relative prices. At the basis of macroeconomics is an understanding of what constitutes national output, or national income, and the related concept of gross national product (GNP), with the GNP being the total value of goods and services provided in an economy during a given period of time, usually a year. This study is aimed at accessing the potentials available to Nigeria through efficient and effective mobilization of domestic resources, access to finance, and inclusion for inclusive growth. Objective of the study is to determine what needs to be done to thoroughly harness domestic resourcemobilization, financial access and inclusion for inclusive growth to galvanize the Nigerian economy. The research question is on the determination of whether domestic resource mobilization, financial access and inclusion help to galvanize inclusive growth. Methodology to be used is primary and secondary data concerning comparative development through domestic resource mobilization, financial access and inclusion for inclusive growth. Results of the finding in the research reveals that there are talents, skills,knowledge and creative skill-banks in Nigeria that are not harnessed because there is not enough support by governments to progressive policies to galvanize the advance lens of the talents, skills, knowledge and creative banks that exist in various corners where there are lots of human resource waste bins). Proffered as solution, is the need for Nigerian government to invest properly and effectively on development strata without discrimination or sentiments.
Exploring the Relationship Between Leadership and Organizational Innovation
Authors: Fathiya Abubaker Mohammed
Published: February 2022

In recent years, innovation has become a very important ingredient for competitiveness, productivity and social gain in organizations. Innovation in achieving its goals and objectives depends on the leaders of the organization and their leadership styles. This study aimed to investigate the impact of Managerial Leadership Styles on organizational innovation. To achieve this aim, a questionnaire was developed and distributed to a sample of 103 subjects in the public banks in Sirte. Data was analyzed using SPSS. In order to test the hypotheses of the study, Pearson’s Correlation coefficients were used to determine the direction and strength of the relationship between independent variables and dependent variable. Two types of leadership styles, namely, autocratic and democratic were found to have direct relationship with the organizational innovation. The results show existence a different leadership styles in these banks, and the impact of democratic style was strongly positive to the organizational innovation. The autocratic style showed negative impact. This implies that democratic leadership is deemed suitable for organizational innovation in the government Banks under study. Implications of the findings were discussed further. Based on those results, the researcher recommend reinforcing democratic style, and some corrective procedures should be applied on autocratic.