bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A highly sensitive glucose sensor based on a gold nanoparticles/polyaniline/multi-walled carbon nanotubes composite modified glassy carbon electrode
Authors: Zeng Xinping , Zhang Yazhou , Du Xiling , Li Yanfei , Tang Wenwei
Published: June 2018

The PTFE/GOx/AuNPs/PANI/MWCNTs/GCE glucose sensor possesses wide linear range, low detection limit, high sensitivity, which can measure the glucose in human serum and holds application potential.
Spatially encoded diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy of reaction mixtures in organic solvents
Authors: Hamdoun Ghanem , Guduff Ludmilla , van Heijenoort Carine , Bour Christophe , Gandon Vincent , Dumez Jean-Nicolas
Published: June 2018

Using a spatial encoding of the diffusion dimension, DOSY NMR data are acquired in less than one second for reaction mixtures in organic solvents.
Two lanthanide metal–organic frameworks constructed from tris(4-carboxyphenyl)phosphane oxide with gas adsorption and magnetic properties
Authors: Hu Tuoping , Zhao Qiannan , Huo Liangqin , Gao Lingling , Zhang Jie , Wang Xiaoqing , Fan Liming
Published: June 2018

Based on the tripodal tris(4-carboxyphenyl)phosphane oxide ligand, two lanthanide metal–organic frameworks were obtained, with 1 showing highly selective gas adsorption of CO2/CH4 and 2 exhibiting direct and alternating current magnetic properties.
Probing hydrogen and halogen-oxo interactions in uranyl coordination polymers: a combined crystallographic and computational study
Authors: Carter Korey P. , Kalaj Mark , Kerridge Andrew , Cahill Christopher L.
Published: June 2018

Four uranyl compounds containing either benzoic acid (1),m-chlorobenzoic acid (2),m-bromobenzoic acid (3), orm-iodobenzoic acid (4) are described, and the latter two compounds are used to probe non-covalent interaction strengthsviastructural, vibrational, and computational means.
Dissociative adsorption of O2 on strained Pt(111)
Authors: Xue Tiantian , Wu Chao , Ding Xiangdong , Sun Jun
Published: June 2018

The adsorption and dissociation of O2 and the adsorption of O* adatoms over strained Pt(111) surfaces have been systematically studied using density functional theory calculations.
Gold nanoparticle-decorated graphene as a nonlinear optical material in the visible and near-infrared spectral range
Authors: Kinastowska K. , Piela K. , Gordel M. , Żak A. , Kołkowski R. , Samoć M.
Published: June 2018

The nonlinear absorption performance of plasmonic nanoparticle-decorated graphene sheets in aqueous dispersion has been investigated over a broad spectral range using the f-scan technique.
Dendritic polyelectrolytes as seen by the Poisson–Boltzmann–Flory theory
Authors: Kłos J. S. , Milewski J.
Published: June 2018

The conformational and electrostatic properties of dendritic polyelectrolytes accompanied by counterions are investigated using the Poisson–Boltzmann–Flory theory.
Hydrogen-free defects in hydrogenated black TiO2
Authors: Choi Heechae , Moon Seong-I , Song Teaseup , Kim Seungchul
Published: June 2018

A hydrogen-free defect in the bulk TiO2 is newly proposed that can exist in hydrogenation condition and can account for most of unique properties of black TiO2 such as high electric conductivity and light absorption spectra.
Characterization of visible-light photo-Fenton reactions using Fe-doped ZnS (Fex-ZnS) mesoporous microspheres
Authors: Wang Qiao , Xu Peng , Zhang Guangshan , Zhang Wen , Hu Limin , Wang Peng
Published: June 2018

PNP was efficiently degraded by a Fe6%-ZnS catalyst through photo-Fenton-like reactions under visible light irradiation.
Coordination driven self-assembly of [2 + 2 + 2] molecular squares: synthesis, crystal structures, catalytic and luminescence properties
Authors: Gupta Vijay , Mandal Sanjay K.
Published: June 2018

Ten molecular squares were prepared through coordination-driven self-assembly and their catalytic activity and luminescence properties are reported.
Rationalizing the sign and magnitude of the magnetic coupling and anisotropy in dinuclear manganese(iii) complexes
Authors: Vignesh Kuduva R. , Langley Stuart K. , Gartshore Christopher J. , Borilović Ivana , Forsyth Craig M. , Rajaraman Gopalan , Murray Keith S.
Published: June 2018

Combined experimental and theoretical studies on a family of twelve MnIII dimers reveal that exchange contribution to the magnetic anisotropy is as important as single ion anisotropy.
Stereocontrolled self-assembly and photochromic transformation of lanthanide supramolecular helicates
Authors: Cai Li-Xuan , Yan Liang-Liang , Li Shao-Chuan , Zhou Li-Peng , Sun Qing-Fu
Published: June 2018

Stereocontrolled self-assembly of a dinuclear triple-stranded europium helicate (Eu2L3) based on DTE-functionalized ligands has been achieved via the chiral-induction strategy.
Emerging investigator series: heterogeneous reactions of sulfur dioxide on mineral dust nanoparticles: from single component to mixed components
Authors: Wang Tao , Liu Yangyang , Deng Yue , Fu Hongbo , Zhang Liwu , Chen Jianmin
Published: June 2018

Synergistic effects of the heterogeneous reaction of sulfur dioxide on mineral dust nanoparticle mixtures.
Heavy Rydberg states: large amplitude vibrations
Authors: Kirrander Adam , Jungen Christian , Donovan Robert J. , Lawley Kenneth P.
Published: June 2018

New theory and calculations of extremely large vibrational amplitude states with heavy Rydberg character are reported in the H2 molecule.
A comparison of mutagenic PhIP and beneficial 8-C-(E-phenylethenyl)quercetin and 6-C-(E-phenylethenyl)quercetin formation under microwave and conventional heating
Authors: Fan Daming , Li Lijie , Zhang Nana , Zhao Yueliang , Cheng Ka-Wing , Yan Bowen , Wang Qian , Zhao Jianxin , Wang Mingfu , Zhang Hao
Published: June 2018

Microwave heating produced less genotoxic PhIP and more human beneficial 6-CEPQ and 8-CEPQ than conventional heating.
Cobalt-entrenched N-, O-, and S-tridoped carbons as efficient multifunctional sustainable catalysts for base-free selective oxidative esterification of alcohols
Authors: Nandan Devaki , Zoppellaro Giorgio , Medřík Ivo , Aparicio Claudia , Kumar Pawan , Petr Martin , Tomanec Ondřej , Gawande Manoj B. , Varma Rajender S. , Zbořil Radek
Published: June 2018

The sustainable Co@NOSC catalyst was explored for the base-free selective oxidative esterification of alcohols to the corresponding esters under mild reaction conditions.
The complex global response to copper in the multicellular bacteriumMyxococcus xanthus
Authors: Pérez Juana , Muñoz-Dorado José , Moraleda-Muñoz Aurelio
Published: June 2018

Mechanism of action of CorE, a metal-dependent ECF σ factor.
Donor–π–acceptor (D–π–A) dyad for ratiometric detection of Hg2+ and PPi
Authors: Rani Richa , Kumar Gulshan , Paul Kamaldeep , Luxami Vijay
Published: June 2018

A donor–π–acceptor (D–π–A) dyad 1 has been successfully synthesized by linking phenanthrenequinone as an electron donor unit and anthraquinone as an electron acceptor unit through a phenyl ring.
Role of a 2,3-bis(pyridyl)pyrazinyl chelate bridging ligand in the reactivity of Ru(ii)–Pt(ii) dinuclear complexes on the substitution of chlorides by thiourea nucleophiles – a kinetic study
Authors: Bellam Rajesh , Jaganyi Deogratius , Mambanda Allen , Robinson Ross
Published: June 2018

Effect of a bridged ligand on the chloride substitution from hetero bimetallic Ru(ii)–Pt(ii)dichlo complexes by thiourea nucleolus was studied in a methanol medium (I= 0.10 M) under pseudo-first-order conditions.
Self-assembled heteropolyacid on nitrogen-enriched carbon nanofiber for vanadium flow batteries
Authors: Etesami Mohammad , Abouzari-Lotf Ebrahim , Sha'rani Saidatul Sophia , Miyake Mikio , Moozarm Nia Pooria , Ripin Adnan , Ahmad Arshad
Published: June 2018

Self-immobilized heteropolyacid on carbon nanofiber electrode resulted in outstanding stability and 14% enhancement in energy efficiency of vanadium redox battery.
Controlled synthesis of mesoporous nitrogen-doped carbons with highly ordered two-dimensional hexagonal mesostructures and their chemical activation
Authors: Enaiet Allah Abeer , Tan Haibo , Xu Xingtao , Farghali Ahmed A. , Khedr Mohamed Hamdy , Alshehri Abdulmohsen Ali , Bando Yoshio , Kumar Nanjundan Ashok , Yamauchi Yusuke
Published: June 2018

Using a soft templating approach, ordered mesoporous nitrogen-doped carbons were prepared.
Total synthesis and structural revision of an isopanepoxydone analog isolated fromLentinus strigellus
Authors: Man Yi , Fu Shaomin , Chen Juan , Liu Bo
Published: June 2018

Asymmetric total synthesis of compound1, as a proposed molecular structure of a natural product, in 11 steps is described. The inconsistency of the characterization data prompted us to propose a different structure as compound2and accordingly accomplish total synthesis in 9 steps and confirm the structural revision of this natural product.
ROS-responsive poly(ε-caprolactone) with pendent thioether and selenide motifs
Authors: Yu Li , Zhang Mei , Du Fu-Sheng , Li Zi-Chen
Published: June 2018

Synthesis and oxidation properties of three chalcogen-containing ROS-responsive poly(ε-caprolactone)s have been reported.
One-pot one-base conditions for two shots: organocatalyzed tandem isomerization–olefination of allylic alcohols
Authors: Zheng Hong-Xing , Qu Jian-Ping , Kang Yan-Biao
Published: June 2018

Under one-pot one-base conditions, terminal alkenes were synthesized via an organocatalyzed tandem isomerization–olefination of allylic alcohols.
Non-isothermal TGA study on the combustion reaction kinetics and mechanism of low-rank coal char
Authors: Hu Yingjie , Wang Zhiqiang , Cheng Xingxing , Ma Chunyuan
Published: June 2018

The combustion reaction kinetics of pyrolytic char of low-rank coal was investigated by using thermal analysis technology.
Novel double anisotropic conductive flexible composite film endued with improved luminescence
Authors: Liu Jingyu , Ma Qianli , Tian Jiao , Xi Xue , Li Dan , Dong Xiangting , Yu Wensheng , Wang Xinlu , Wang Jinxian , Liu Guixia
Published: June 2018

Brand-new double anisotropic conductive flexible composite films endued with tuned electrically conductive anisotropy and improved luminescence were prepared by electrospinning.
Quantum dots to probe temperature and pressure in highly confined liquids
Authors: Albahrani Sayed M. B. , Seoudi Tarek , Philippon David , Lafarge Lionel , Reiss Peter , Hajjaji Hamza , Guillot Gérard , Querry Michel , Bluet Jean-Marie , Vergne Philippe
Published: June 2018

A new in situ technique using CdSe/CdS/ZnS quantum dots fluorescence to probe pressure and temperature within highly confined flows of liquids.
The challenges of learning and teaching chemical bonding at different school levels using electrostatic interactions instead of the octet rule as a teaching model
Authors: Joki Jarkko , Aksela Maija
Published: June 2018

Teaching chemical bonding using the octet rule as an explanatory principle is problematic in many ways. The aim of this case study is to understand the learning and teaching of chemical bonding using a research-informed teaching model in which chemical bonding is introduced as an electrostatic phenomenon. The study posed two main questions: (i) how does a student's understanding of chemical bonding evolve from lower- to upper-secondary school when an electrostatic model of chemical bonding was used at the lower-secondary level? (ii) How does the teaching of octets/full shells at the upper-secondary level affect students’ understanding? The same students were interviewed after lower-secondary school and again during their first year at upper-secondary school. Their upper-level chemistry teachers were also interviewed. The interview data were analysed using the grounded theory method. The findings showed that the students’ earlier proper understanding of the electrostatic-interactions model at the lower-secondary level did not prevent the later development of less-canonical thinking. Teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) of the explanatory principles of chemical bonding and how to use explanations in science education needs to be promoted in both pre-service teacher education and during in-service training.
Interplay between negative and positive design elements in Gα helical domains of G proteins determines interaction specificity toward RGS2
Authors: Kasom Mohammad , Gharra Samia , Sadiya Isra , Avital-Shacham Meirav , Kosloff Mickey
Published: June 2018

Regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins inactivate Gα subunits, thereby controlling G protein-coupled signaling networks. Among all RGS proteins, RGS2 is unique in interacting only with the Gαq but not with the Gαi subfamily. Previous studies suggested that this specificity is determined by the RGS domain and, in particular, by three RGS2-specific residues that lead to a unique mode of interaction with Gαq. This interaction was further proposed to act through contacts with the Gα GTPase domain. Here, we combined energy calculations and GTPase activity measurements to determine which Gα residues dictate specificity toward RGS2. We identified putative specificity-determining residues in the Gα helical domain, which among G proteins is found only in Gα subunits. Replacing these helical domain residues in Gαi with their Gαq counterparts resulted in a dramatic specificity switch toward RGS2. We further show that Gα–RGS2 specificity is set by Gαi residues that perturb interactions with RGS2, and by Gαq residues that enhance these interactions. These results show, for the first time, that the Gα helical domain is central to dictating specificity toward RGS2, suggesting that this domain plays a general role in governing Gα-RGS specificity. Our insights provide new options for manipulating RGS–G protein interactions in vivo, for better understanding of their ‘wiring’ into signaling networks, and for devising novel drugs targeting such interactions.
Multiepoch, multiwavelength study of accretion onto T Tauri
Authors: Schneider P. C. , Günther H. M. , Robrade J. , Schmitt J. H. M. M. , Güdel M.
Published: June 2018

Classical T Tauri stars (CTTSs) accrete matter from the inner edge of their surrounding circumstellar disks. The impact of the accretion material on the stellar atmosphere results in a strong shock, which causes emission from the X-ray to the near-infrared (NIR) domain. Shock velocities of several 100 km s−1 imply that the immediate post shock plasma emits mainly in X-rays. Indeed, two X-ray diagnostics, the so-called soft excess and the high densities observed in He-like triplets, differentiate CTTSs from their non-accreting siblings. However, accretion shock properties derived from X-ray diagnostics often contradict established ultraviolet (UV)–NIR accretion tracers and a physical model simultaneously explaining both, X-ray and UV–NIR accretion tracers, is not yet available. We present new XMM-Newton and Chandra grating observations of the CTTS T Tauri combined with UV and optical data. During all epochs, the soft excess is large and the densities derived from the O VII and Ne IX He-like triplets are compatible with coronal densities. This confirms that the soft X-ray emission cannot originate in accretion funnels that carry the bulk of the accretion rate despite T Tauri’s large soft excess. Instead, we propose a model of radially density stratified accretion columns to explain the density diagnostics and the soft excess. In addition, accretion rate and X-ray luminosity are inversely correlated in T Tauri over several epochs. Such an anti-correlation has been observed in samples of stars. Hence the process causing it must be intrinsic to the accretion process, and we speculate that the stellar magnetic field configuration on the visible hemisphere affects both the accretion rate and the coronal emission, eventually causing the observed anti-correlation.
Radio-continuum surveys with SKA and LOFAR: a first look at the perspectives for radio mini-halos
Authors: Gitti M. , Brunetti G. , Cassano R. , Ettori S.
Published: June 2018

Context.Diffuse synchrotron radio emission has been observed in a number of cool-core clusters on scales comparable to that of the cooling region. These radio sources are called “mini-halos”. In order to understand their origin, which is still unclear, joint radio and X-ray statistical studies of large cluster samples are necessary to investigate the radio mini-halo properties and their connection with the cluster thermodynamics.

Aims.We here extend our previous explorative study and investigate the perspectives offered by surveys in the radio continuum with the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) and the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), in particular examining the effect of the intracluster magnetic field in the mini-halo region for the first time.

Methods.By considering the minimum flux detectable in radio surveys and exploiting thePradio − LXcorrelation observed for known mini-halos, we estimate the detection limits achievable by future radio observational follow-up of X-ray cluster samples, such as HIFLUGCS and eROSITA. This allows us to estimate the maximum number of radio mini-halos that can potentially be discovered in future surveys as a function of redshift and magnetic field strength.

Results.Under the optimistic assumption that all cool-core systems host a mini-halo and that the radio versus X-ray scaling relation extends to systems with lower X-ray luminosity, we show that future radio surveys with LOFAR and SKA1 (at ∼140 MHz and ∼1.4 GHz) have the potential to discover ∼1000–10 000 radio mini-halo candidates up to redshiftz =  1. This shows that these surveys may be able to produce a breakthrough in the study of these sources. We further note that future SKA1 radio surveys at redshiftz > 0.6 will allow us to distinguish between different magnetic fields in the mini-halo region, because higher magnetic fields are expected to produce more powerful mini-halos, thus implying a larger number of mini-halo candidates detected at high redshift. For example, the non-detection with SKA1 of mini-halos atz > 0.6 will suggest a low magnetic field (B < fewμG). The synergy of these radio surveys with future X-ray observations and theoretical studies is essential in establishing the radio mini-halo physical nature.
The bivariate luminosity and mass functions of the local HRS galaxy sample
Authors: Andreani P. , Boselli A. , Ciesla L. , Vio R. , Cortese L. , Buat V. , Miyamoto Y.
Published: June 2018

Aims.We discuss the results of the relationships between theK-band and stellar mass, FIR luminosities, star formation rate, and the masses of the dust and gas of nearby galaxies computing the bivariateK-band-luminosity function (BLF) and bivariateK-band-mass function (BMF) of theHerschelReference Survey (HRS), a volume-limited sample with full wavelength coverage.

Methods.We derive the BLFs and BMFs from theK-band and stellar mass, FIR luminosities, star formation rate, dust and gas masses cumulative distributions using a copula method, which is outlined in detail. The use of the computed bivariate taking into account the upper limits allows us to derive a more solid statistical ground for the relationship between the observed physical quantities.

Results.The analysis shows that the behaviour of the morphological (optically selected) subsamples is quite different. A statistically meaningful result can be obtained over the whole HRS sample only from the relationship between theK-band and the stellar mass, while for the remaining physical quantities (dust and gas masses, far-infrared luminosity, and star formation rate), the analysis is distinct for late-type (LT) and early-type galaxies (ETG). However, the number of ETGs is small to perform a robust statistical analysis, and in most of the case results are discussed only for the LTG subsample. The luminosity and mass functions (LFs, MFs) of LTGs are generally dependent on theK-band and the various dependencies are discussed in detail. We are able to derive the corresponding LFs and MFs and compare them with those computed with other samples. Our statistical analysis allows us to characterise the HRS which, although non-homogeneously selected and partially biased towards low IR luminosities, may be considered as representative of the local LT galaxy population.
Fundamental properties of red-clump stars from long-baseline H-band interferometry
Authors: Gallenne A. , Pietrzyński G. , Graczyk D. , Nardetto N. , Mérand A. , Kervella P. , Gieren W. , Villanova S. , Mennickent R. E. , Pilecki B.
Published: June 2018

Observations of 48 red-clump stars were obtained in the H band with the PIONIER instrument installed at the Very Large Telescope Interferometer. Limb-darkened angular diameters were measured by fitting radial intensity profile I(r) to square visibility measurements. Half the angular diameters determined have formal errors better than 1.2%, while the overall accuracy is better than 2.7%. Average stellar atmospheric parameters (effective temperatures, metallicities and surface gravities) were determined from new spectroscopic observations and literature data and combined with precise Gaia parallaxes to derive a set of fundamental stellar properties. These intrinsic parameters were then fitted to existing isochrone models to infer masses and ages of the stars. The added value from interferometry imposes a better and independent constraint on the R −Teff plane. Our derived values are consistent with previous works, although there is a strong scatter in age between various models. This shows that atmospheric parameters, mainly metallicities and surface gravities, still suffer from a non-accurate determination, limiting constraints on input physics and parameters of stellar evolution models.
Gutachterschulung im Peer Review der medizinischen Rehabilitation
Authors: Märtin S. , Dietrich F.
Published: June 2018

Im Januar 2018 richtete der Bereich „Reha-Qualitätssicherung, Epidemiologie und Statistik“ der Deutschen Rentenversicherung Bund (DRV Bund) eine dreitägige Peer-Schulung im Bildungszentrum Erkner aus. Die Schulung diente dazu, neue Gutachterinnen und Gutachter für das Peer Review der medizinischen Rehabilitation zu gewinnen.
Photoredox-Catalyzed Radical Relay Reaction Toward Functionalized Vicinal Diamines
Authors: Yu Shouyun , An Xiao-De
Published: June 2018

A strategy has been described to synthesize β,γ-diamino­ketones. This strategy is enabled by photoredox-catalyzed and nitrogen-centered radical-triggered cascade reactions of styrenes, enamides, and O-acylhydroxylamines in DMSO. Four bonds (one C–C, one C–N, and two C–O) are constructed in a single operation. Various functionalized vicinal diamines have been furnished by the radical relay reaction.
A Protocol for Direct Stereospecific Amination of Primary,
Secondary, and Tertiary Alkylboronic Esters
Authors: Morken James , Edelstein Emma , Grote Andrea , Palkowitz Maximilian
Published: June 2018

The direct, stereospecific amination of alkylboronic and borinic esters can be conducted by treatment of the organoboron compound with methoxyamine and potassium tert-butoxide. In addition to being stereospecific, this process also enables the direct amination of tertiary boronic esters in an efficient fashion.
Two Typical Hereditary Charts of Congenital Factor VII Deficiency
Authors: Cleton F. J , Loeliger E. A
Published: June 2018

The inheritance of congenital factor VII deficiency was investigated in 2 unrelated families. Out of 68 individuals, 4 (3 proven and 1 highly probable) were found to have severe factor VII deficiency (<C 0.1% factor VII), and 29 appeared to be heterozygotes (30—60% factor VII). The coagulation defect is due to an autosomal gene of intermediate expression and complete penetrance. The recessive character of the haemorrhagic diathesis due to the homozygous state for the abnormal gene is clearly demonstrated.
A Comparison of the Fibrinolytic and Fibrinogenolytic Effects of Plasminogen Activators and Proteolytic Enzymes in Plasma
Authors: Sawyer William D. , Alkjaersig Norma , Fletcher Anthony P. , Sherry Sol
Published: June 2018

1. A sensitive test system has been described whereby the respective fibrinolytic and fibrinogenolytic effects of plasminogen activators and proteolytic enzymes in plasma may be quantitated separately by use of isotopically labeled substrates.

2. Plasminogen activators in the plasma-clot system were demonstrated to lyse more fibrin per unit fibrinogen lysed than either plasmin or trypsin. No evidence was obtained to suggest the formation of a plasmin-antiplasmin complex with special “fibrinolytic” porperties.

3. Comparison of the effects of streptokinase and urokinase in plasma revealed discrete differences in the ratio of their fibrinolytic-fibrinogenolytic activities.
Some Aspects of the Mechanism of Thrombolysis
Authors: Johnson Alan J. , Ross McCarty W
Published: June 2018

1. Antibody to streptokinase and kinase, activator and plasmin inhibitors in the circulating blood of man, inhibit parenterally injected streptokinase and streptokinase-plasmin, in vivo. In vitro assays of these inhibitors determine the priming dose of streptokinase and streptokinase-plasmin to neutralize the inhibitors and effect thrombolysis.

2. Persistent thrombolysis was produced in 16 of 21 experimentally induced thrombi in man, when streptokinase or activator was utilized. No persistent thrombolysis occurred in 9 instances, when plasmin was utilized (streptokinase-plasmin in 7 and glycerol-plasmin in 2).

1. A critical amount of plasminogen was required in vivo, for effective thrombolysis (100 proactivator units). This fact demonstrates further the importance of activator in the production of thrombolysis, since activator but not plasmin requires intrinsic clot plasminogen to produce thrombolysis.
Inhibition of Fibrinolysis by Hyperlipemia
Authors: Cliffton Eugene E. , Burchell Albert R.
Published: June 2018

1. Parenteral injection of triton produced inhibition of fibrinolysis; this phenomenon correlated with hyperlipemia produced by the triton.

2. Triton induced hyperlipemia caused greater inhibition of fibrinolysis than did cholesterol feedings. It was suggested that this might be related to difference in cholesterol-phospholipid ratio.

3. Saturated fat emulsions produced a greater degree of fibrinolytic inhibition than did unsaturated fat preparations.
Fibrinolysis in the Pleural Cavity After Pulmonary Resection
Authors: Zaman C. L
Published: June 2018

In the postoperative intrathoracic exsudate after pulmonary surgery a fluctuating antithrombin activity was found. The antithrombin in the exsudate was found to be mostly of a slow acting type. It differed from antithrombin III in its resistance to ether. The activity of the antithrombin in the exsudate could be potentiated by traces of heparin. For various reasons the hypothesis is brought forward that this antithrombin is a product of fibrinolysis. The effect of this antithrombin on haemostasis could not be evaluated. The haemostasis at the operation site was found to be influenced by fibrinolysis.
The Hemostatic Effect of Adona (AC-17)
Authors: Borchgrevink Chr. F , Fölling Elgjo Ragna , Hattel K , Hjort P. F
Published: June 2018

In normal individuals 50 mg Adona (AC-17) intravenously increased capillary resistance, and slightly shortened the bleeding time. No effect was observed on coagulation or platelets.

In patients undergoing prostatic surgery the drug seemed to reduce the blood loss during the operation.

50 mg Adona (AC-17) was given to 11 patients with a prolonged bleeding time of various causes, and to 8 patients with a positive tourniquet test. No effect could be demonstrated. However, the drug may be of value in some patients with acquired, ill-defined, presumably vascular diseases.
Inhibitors in Hemophilia B
Authors: Quintavalle Gabriele , Castaman Giancarlo , Baldacci Erminia , Ferretti Antonietta , Riccardi Federica , Tagliaferri Annarita , Santoro Cristina
Published: June 2018

Hemophilia B (HB) is an X-linked bleeding disorder caused by deficiency of factor IX (FIX). Patients with the severe form (FIX <1%) account approximately for 30 to 45% of persons with HB and usually suffer from recurrent joint, soft-tissue, and muscle bleeds. The availability of safe plasma-derived and recombinant products has virtually abolished the risk of viral infections and the adoption of prophylactic regimens has attenuated the impact of hemophilic arthropathy. Therefore, the development of an inhibitor against FIX is currently the most serious complication that can still occur in the new generations of HB patients. The development of an inhibitor in HB is a rare event (1.5–3% of all patients) but is associated with a significant morbidity, related not only to the bleeding risk but also to the frequent occurrence of allergic/anaphylactic reactions and nephrotic syndrome. Due to the relative rarity of this event, few data exist about risk factors, pathophysiology, and clinical aspects of inhibitors in HB. The induction of immune tolerance is often unsuccessful and can be otherwise affected by many complications in patients with history of allergy or anaphylaxis. Therefore, alternative therapeutic strategies and new approaches are developing. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss current knowledge about risk factors, pathophysiology, and clinical aspects of this rare but serious complication.
Does religion always help the poor? Variations in religion and social class in the west and societies in the global south
Authors: Rogers Megan , Konieczny Mary Ellen
Published: June 2018

From Marx’s famous dictum that religion is “the opium of the people” to Weber’s recognition of the dignity reaped by the “religiously musical,” disagreement about both the prosocial and deleterious—even violent—effects of religious beliefs and practices has been a long discussion in social theory. The social scientific literature shows that religion is shaped by social structures—including economic and political structures—and also that, as an integral element of many cultures, it can shape those same structures in turn. This article discusses the dialectical relationship between religion and social structures to consider when and how religion has the capacity to alleviate poverty and where it might figure in inequality’s endurance or exacerbation. The range of the empirical cases considered here not only suggests the power of religion to address poverty, but also and importantly, the ways in which religion can be co-opted in sustaining thestatus quofor poor and politically subjugated groups. Taking a global view in case selection, this article shows that although differences in these processes do exist based on global location, there are many similarities that cross national and religious lines.
Anisotropic reaction field correction for long-range electrostatic interactions in molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Sidler Dominik , Frasch Simon , Cristòfol-Clough Michael , Riniker Sereina
Published: June 2018

Reaction-field (RF) methods have been extensively used in molecular dynamics simulations to efficiently compute long-range electrostatic interactions. They assume a continuous dielectric medium outside a certain cutoff, which has shown to be a reasonable approximation in many cases. However, lattice sum or fast multipole methods are nowadays often used instead, which treat long-range interactions explicitly but may introduce different artefacts. In the following work, the major issue of RFs is addressed, i.e., their inability to account for inhomogeneity even in heterogenous environments (e.g., membranes or protein binding pockets). By using a first-order Laplace series expansion of the dielectric permittivity on the cutoff sphere, local anisotropic effects can be described in a simple form. It is shown that the resulting boundary-value problem cannot be solved analytically, but instead a well-behaved approximative anisotropic reaction field (ARF) is introduced, which preserves coordinate invariance and approaches the standard RF solution for homogeneous systems. The comparison of RF to the state-of-the-art particle-particle particle-mesh (P3M) method shows a difference in the orientation of molecules close to the interface between two different dielectrics (water/chloroform). It was found that the ARF leads to a correction of the orientational distribution toward the P3M reference for planar and spherical interfaces.
Frequency-dependent current noise in quantum heat transfer: A unified polaron calculation
Authors: Liu Junjie , Hsieh Chang-Yu , Wu Changqin , Cao Jianshu
Published: June 2018

To investigate frequency-dependent current noise (FDCN) in open quantum systems at steady states, we present a theory which combines Markovian quantum master equations with a finite time full counting statistics. Our formulation of the FDCN generalizes previous zero-frequency expressions and can be viewed as an application of MacDonald’s formula for electron transport to heat transfer. As a demonstration, we consider the paradigmatic example of quantum heat transfer in the context of a non-equilibrium spin-boson model. We adopt a recently developed polaron-transformed Redfield equation which allows us to accurately investigate heat transfer with arbitrary system-reservoir coupling strength, arbitrary values of spin bias, and temperature differences. We observe a turn-over of FDCN in the intermediate coupling regimes, similar to the zero-frequency case. We find that the FDCN with varying coupling strengths or bias displays a universal Lorentzian-shape scaling form in the weak coupling regime, and a white noise spectrum emerges with zero bias in the strong coupling regime due to distinctive spin dynamics. We also find that the bias can suppress the FDCN in the strong coupling regime, in contrast to its zero-frequency counterpart which is insensitive to bias changes. Furthermore, we utilize the Saito-Utsumi relation as a benchmark to validate our theory and study the impact of temperature differences at finite frequencies. Together, our results provide detailed dissections of the finite time fluctuation of heat current in open quantum systems.
Test bed for contact-mode triboelectric nanogenerator
Authors: Hong Daewoong , Choi Young-Man , Jeong Jaehwa
Published: June 2018

The triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has become one of the strongest candidates for sustainable power sources. The power of a TENG depends on factors such as contact area, contact parallelism, contact force, and contact speed. In order to evaluate the performance of the TENG precisely and quantitatively, it is necessary to apply consistent experimental conditions and measurement processes. In this paper, we propose a test bed capable of adjusting the contact area and contact parallelism and measuring the contact force, contact speed, current, and voltage in real time. The test bed consists of a 2-axis planar stage, a 2-axis tilting stage, a 1-axis vertical stage, a 3-degree-of-freedom (DOF) force/torque sensor, a capacitive displacement sensor, and a voice coil actuator. The 3-DOF force/torque sensor can provide feedback on the degree of parallelism and contact area alignment as well as contact force. With the proposed test bed, the effects of parallelism error, contact area, contact force, and contact speed on the performance of contact-mode TENGs are quantitatively analyzed. This test bed is expected to be used for the quantitative analysis of contact-mode TENGs with various new structures and for comparison among different devices.
Minority carrier lifetime in mid-wavelength interband cascade infrared photodetectors
Authors: Huang Wenxiang , Li Lu , Lei Lin , Massengale Jeremy A. , Ye Hao , Yang Rui Q. , Mishima Tetsuya D. , Santos Michael B.
Published: June 2018

A simple and effective electrical method is developed to extract the thermal generation rate and minority carrier lifetime in type-II (T2) InAs/GaSb/Al(In)Sb superlattices (SLs) by taking advantage of the features of interband cascade infrared photodetectors (ICIPs). This method is more generally applicable, considers the parasitic shunt and series resistances found in practical devices, and can account for various transport mechanisms including Auger and Shockley-Read-Hall processes. The investigated ICIPs have cutoff wavelengths in the close vicinity of 4.3 μm at 300 K. The carrier lifetimes in these ICIPs at high temperatures (200–340 K) were extracted and found in the range of 8.5–167 ns, with values correlated with the material quality. The temperature dependence of the extracted carrier lifetime exhibited different characteristics from previously reported behavior obtained using other methods for T2SL detectors, especially at high temperatures.
Transitions of complex spin spiral magnetic structure in FeGe2 nanowires based on the magnetism comparison with FeGe2 films and unique transport properties
Authors: Tang Siwei , Chen Baishan , Huang Yufeng , Zeng Xiyang , Yao Yuhang
Published: June 2018

Iron germanium nanowires and films were prepared via a high pressure catalyst free chemical vapor deposition on Ge(111) wafer. Both nanowires and films were identified to be FeGe2. However, nanowires exhibited a saturation in field dependent magnetization while that of film did not. Magnetic field dependent resistivity showed two drops in warming curve from 10-300K with a magnetic field of 6T and 9T. These abnormal drops might attribute to a less scattering of electrons from complex spiral structures. Temperature dependent alignment of spin in the longitudinal spiral and transverse spiral magnetic structure led to a variation of scattering probability with moving electrons.
Understanding hydrogen and nitrogen doping on active defects in amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O thin film transistors
Authors: Li Guoli , Abliz Ablat , Xu Lei , André Nicolas , Liu Xingqiang , Zeng Yun , Flandre Denis , Liao Lei
Published: June 2018

This work analyses the physics of active trap states impacted by hydrogen (H) and nitrogen (N) dopings in amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O (a-IGZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs) and investigates their effects on the device performances under back-gate biasing. Based on numerical simulation and interpretation of the device transfer characteristics, it is concluded that the interface and bulk tail states, as well as the 2+ charge states (i.e., acceptors VO2+) related to oxygen vacancy (VO), are neutralized by the H/N dopants incorporation via an experimental plasma treatment. Moreover, the simulation reveals that an acceptor-like defect VOH has been induced by the H doping, to support the observed additional degradation of device subthreshold slope. Superior stability of the optimized a-IGZO TFTs under a proper amount of H/N doping is demonstrated by the decreased density of VO-related defects in simulation, where hole (VO0 donor) and electron trapping (Oi acceptor) occurs during the negative or positive bias stresses. This work benefit lies in an in-depth systematic understanding and exploration of the effects of the incorporation of the H and N dopants into the a-IGZO film for the TFTs improvement and optimization.
Analysis of magnetotransport properties and microstructure in current-perpendicular-to-plane pseudo spin-valves using Co2Fe(Ga0.5Ge0.5) Heusler alloy and Ag/Mg-Ti-O/Ag-based spacer
Authors: Du Ye , Sakuraba Yuya , Nakatani Tomoya , Furubayashi Takao , Sasaki Taisuke , Takahashi Yukiko K. , Hono Kazuhiro
Published: June 2018

Current-perpendicular-to-plane magnetoresistance (CPP-MR) devices using a Co2Fe(Ga0.5Ge0.5) Heusler alloy as ferromagnetic electrodes and a Ag/Mg-Ti-O (MTO)/Ag tri-layer as a spacer are studied. A large voltage output of 16 mV with a magnetoresistance ratio of 46% and resistance-area product RpA in the parallel magnetization state of approximately 200 mΩ μm2 are obtained. The microstructure characterization reveals that upon annealing at 550 °C, nanoscale Ag channels are formed penetrating the MTO layer, which are responsible for the large MR output. At room temperature, for all the devices, RpA decreases with increasing the bias voltage Vb, which is contradictory to the conventional CPP-giant magnetoresistance devices with a current-confined-path structure, in which the RpA increases with increasing Vb. Such a Vb dependence of RpA is in accordance with the temperature dependence of RpA. These results suggest that the magneto-transport channels comprise semiconducting current confined paths, bringing new perspectives for the design and engineering of CPP-MR devices with conductive oxides-based multilayer spacers.
A mean-field game model for homogeneous flocking
Authors: Grover Piyush , Bakshi Kaivalya , Theodorou Evangelos A.
Published: June 2018

Empirically derived continuum models of collective behavior among large populations of dynamic agents are a subject of intense study in several fields, including biology, engineering, and finance. We formulate and study a mean-field game model whose behavior mimics an empirically derived nonlocal homogeneous flocking model for agents with gradient self-propulsion dynamics. The mean-field game framework provides a non-cooperative optimal control description of the behavior of a population of agents in a distributed setting. In this description, each agent's state is driven by optimally controlled dynamics that result in a Nash equilibrium between itself and the population. The optimal control is computed by minimizing a cost that depends only on its own state and a mean-field term. The agent distribution in phase space evolves under the optimal feedback control policy. We exploit the low-rank perturbative nature of the nonlocal term in the forward-backward system of equations governing the state and control distributions and provide a closed-loop linear stability analysis demonstrating that our model exhibits bifurcations similar to those found in the empirical model. The present work is a step towards developing a set of tools for systematic analysis, and eventually design, of collective behavior of non-cooperative dynamic agents via an inverse modeling approach.
A theoretical study of the adiabatic and vertical ionization potentials of water
Authors: Feller David , Davidson Ernest R.
Published: June 2018

Theoretical predictions of the three lowest adiabatic and vertical ionization potentials of water were obtained from the Feller-Peterson-Dixon approach. This approach combines multiple levels of coupled cluster theory with basis sets as large as aug-cc-pV8Z in some cases and various corrections up to and including full configuration interaction theory. While agreement with experiment for the adiabatic ionization potential of the lowest energy 2B1 state was excellent, differences for other states were much larger, sometimes exceeding 10 kcal/mol (0.43 eV). Errors of this magnitude are inconsistent with previous benchmark work on 52 adiabatic ionization potentials, where a root mean square of 0.20 kcal/mol (0.009 eV) was found. Difficulties in direct comparisons between theory and experiment for vertical ionization potentials are discussed. With regard to the differences found for the 2A1/2Πu and 2B2 adiabatic ionization potentials, a reinterpretation of the experimental spectrum appears justified.
Acoustic emission avalanches during compression of granular manganites
Authors: Soto-Parra Daniel , Vives Eduard , Botello-Zubiate M. E. , Matutes-Aquino J. A. , Planes Antoni
Published: June 2018

We have studied acoustic emission (AE) during compression of La0.8Ca0.28Sr0.08MnO2.7 manganites with different microstructures obtained by selected synthesis techniques. In ceramic samples with large grains obtained by a solid-state method, avalanche criticality is confirmed when grain fracture is the AE dominant mechanism. In samples synthesized by means of micro-wave and sol-gel techniques, grains are much smaller and the AE is mainly originated from friction effects associated with relative displacement of grains during deformation. In this case, significant deviations from avalanche criticality have been detected.
Advances in micro-SQUID design could detect and manipulate single electrons
Authors: Leahy Rhys
Published: June 2018

Enhanced spatial resolution in newly designed scanning probe microscopy system may help researchers observe quantum coherent phenomenon at the mesoscale.
Overcoming challenges associated with partner notification following chlamydia and gonorrhoea diagnosis in primary care: a postal survey of doctors and nurses
Authors: Rose Sally B. , Garrett Susan M. , Pullon Susan R. H.
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION
Sexual health guidelines recommend that partner notification and testing for reinfection are undertaken when individuals are diagnosed with bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

AIM
To understand factors influencing the effective delivery of partner notification and follow up after diagnosis of STIs in primary care, and to identify strategies that might facilitate these processes.

METHODS
A postal survey was sent to 216 primary care doctors and nurses working in 72 Wellington primary care settings. Eligible clinicians were identified from laboratory testing data, and included clinicians who had diagnosed relatively high numbers of chlamydia and/or gonorrhoea cases during a 12-month period. Response frequencies were tabulated and chi-squared testing was used to test for significant differences between doctor and nurse responses for selected items.

RESULTS
In total, 121 surveys were completed (56% response rate) by 78 doctors and 43 nurses, from 55 primary care settings (76% of sites surveyed). Responding health professionals thought that patients were open to partner notification discussion, but appreciated that this sometimes raised difficult issues for patients. Lack of time or resources to follow up, and difficulty getting hold of patients, were cited as key factors that limit assessment of partner notification success. Factors deemed likely to facilitate partner notification included readily available patient resources, training to upskill practice team members, guidance on what to say and record, and access to external advice and assistance.

DISCUSSION
This study provides insight into provider- and patient-level factors perceived to be hindering successful partner notification. Strategies that could facilitate partner notification were identified, and suggestions made as to how these could be integrated into practice.
Falls and depression in octogenarians - life and living in advanced age: a cohort study in New Zealand
Authors: Atlas Astrid , Kerse Ngaire , Rolleston Anna , Teh Ruth , Bacon Catherine
Published: June 2018

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION
Falls and injury have the most devastating consequences for very old people. Depression may be a significant cause and consequence of falls.

AIM
To examine the association between falls and depression in octogenarians.

METHODS
LiLACS NZ (Life and Living in Advanced Age: A Cohort Study in New Zealand), cohort study data of Māori (aged 80–90 years, 11-year age band) and non-Māori (aged 85 years, 1-year age band) followed for 3 years was used to describe the incidence and prevalence of falls and depression. Falls by self-report were accumulated over 3 years. Geriatric depression score (GDS) was ascertained at baseline.

RESULTS
Over 3 years, fewer Māori (47%) than non-Māori (57%) fell; 19% of non-Māori and 20% of Māori scored 5+ (depressed) on the GDS. For non-Māori and Māori, people with depression were more likely to fall than Māori not diagnosed with depression (OR 2.72, CI 1.65–4.48 for non-Māori and OR 2.01, CI 1.25–3.25 for Māori). This remained significant, adjusted for age and sex. Depression was a significant predictor of hospitalisations from falls for Māori (OR 5.59, CI 2.4–12.72, adjusted for age and sex) and non-Māori (OR 4.21, 2.3–7.44, adjusted for sex).

CONCLUSION
Depression and falls are common and co-exist in octogenarians. GPs thinking about falls should also think about depression and vice versa.