bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extreme Rainfall Pattern Analysis for Drought Prone Shali Reservoir Area in West Bengal of India
Authors: Das Subhasish , Halder Subhra , Basu Snehamanju
Published: December 2022

Rainfall is one of the major sources of needed water. Rainfall amount also determines the agricultural and industrial activities in the region.  The present study has been conducted to examine the rainfall trend in the Shali reservoir area of the Gangajalghati block in Bankura district in West Bengal. The Shali reservoir was made to provide irrigation water in the Gangajalghati block. Water insufficiency is a habitual threat to the people of this area. Here the planting and production of crops highly depend on the constricted period of inconsistent rainfall. About 80-90 % of rainfall usually occurs in this area from June to September until the onset of heavy rains. Therefore, in this drought-prone area, the analysis of rain patterns is very vital to understand the change in rainfall at all times. The monthly and annual rainfall data have been taken from field surveys and secondary surveys for almost the last 40 years (1980 to 2020). The Mann Kendall (MK) and Sen’s Slope estimate (SSE) tests have been applied to recognize the standing trend and the SSE test has been used to discover the existing trend and extent of change in rainfall over time. The rainfall data has been taken from ten rain gauge stations surrounding the study area. The relevant maps were prepared using Remote Sensing and the rainfall distribution pattern was analyzed with the help of the kriging interpolation technique of GIS. The annual MK test shows a positive trend but the season-wise MK test is showing a negative trend during monsoon season. SPI result describes that the study area is not getting normal rainfall during the monsoon season, it may create harmful effects on agricultural productivity. The study suggests taking proper drought management programs to combat this situation.
Evaluation of haematological variables in patients with typhoid in Pakistan
Authors: Kashif Raza Syed , Javaid Hina , Bajwa Hassan , Saleem Kamran , Hashim Muhammad
Published: December 2022

Typhoid fever results in significant hepatic problems and biochemical abnormalities. The most effective diagnostic procedure now is the bacterial culture, but serologic tests are still often used, and a speedy and accurate diagnostic test for typhoid fever is still required. Objectives: To examine the haematological parameters between typhoid patients and healthy individuals to find any distinctive parameters that could be used as typhoid fever diagnostic indicators. Methods: This study set out to compare haematological changes in 550 patients with 550 healthy persons. Results: We found low hemoglobin (8.95±1.43), low hematocrit (32.62±5.38), high ESR (53.89±9.21), high platelet count (482003±86792), high WBCs count (14464±1694), high neutrophil percentage (63.60±9.26), low lymphocyte percentage (25.33±2.93), and high NLCR (2.498±0.45) against the healthy control group. Conclusions: This distinctive pattern can be easily obtained using a minimally invasive method and used to diagnose typhoid fever.
The Effect of Metacognition Regulation Evaluation On Medical Student Progress
Authors: Iqbal Saba , Sukhera Shazia , Aslam Fatima , Hayat Sukhera Khyzer , Zafar Arifa
Published: December 2022

Cognition is the scientific term referring to the mental processes involved in gaining an understanding of knowledge including, judging, thinking, reasoning, knowing, remembering, and problem-solving. Objective: To observe metacognition's impact on medical students' academic achievement. Methods: It was a cross-sectional analytical study. Three medical colleges were surveyed to obtain data from second-year medical students. The data from the Metacognitive Awareness of Reading Strategies Inventory (MARSI) and each student's first-year academic achievement information were collected from January to June 2021. A simple random sampling procedure. Academic performance was a dependent variable, while the metacognitive score was an independent variable. Three hundred thirty-two students participated in the survey. Results: With a correlation coefficient value of 0.257, the findings indicated a significant link between metacognition and academic success (p 0.01). Metacognition levels among medical students from various colleges are nearly identical. Conclusions: Current study findings have shown that all three dimensions are positively and strongly correlated to each other.
Presbyphonia: Quality of life following voice therapy intervention
Authors: Imtiaz Rooma , Ashraf Anum , Bari Sehrish , Liaqat Maida , Ijaz Muneeba
Published: December 2022

The deterioration of respiratory capacity that comes with aging exacerbates the consequences of presbyphonia. Diaphragmatic breathing is to improve the usage of respiratory muscles enough to cause respiratory and phonatory alterations. Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of voice therapy intervention in terms of improved quality of life for those with presbyphonia. Methods: The interventional study, a non-probability convenience sampling method was used to select 10 participants with presbyphonia identified by ENT, otolaryngologist to a SLP for either vocal function exercises or phonation resistance training exercises in order to improve their quality of life following a three-week course of twice-weekly therapy. Through the (V-RQOL) protocol the studies was used to evaluate the quality of life in presbyphonia before and after voice treatment. Results: Total 10 individuals were divided in 3 age groups majority 5 were in 51-60 age, 2 in 40-50 age among them 60% males and 40% females. The effect of treatment before and after intervention showed statistical significance difference (P-value = 0.001) which present significant improvement in quality of life in presbyphonia. Conclusions: According to preliminary evidence, patients with presbyphonia may benefit most by voice interventions and enhance subglottal pressure management, increase airflow, and improve patients' quality of life. Better results in terms of self-evaluation for phonation
Frequency of major causes of coma patients presented to emergency room of tertiary care hospitals with impaired conscious level, in Qassim region of Saudi Arabia.
Authors: Elbaih Adel , Alrusayni Yasir , Alamgir Mohammad , Alrashdi Adel , Alrashdi Fahad , Ismail Monira
Published: December 2022

Background:
Disorders of consciousness including coma can be caused by a wide variety of etiologies affecting the central nervous system. Severity of coma may vary according to the causes of coma and patient’s characteristics.
Objective:
To determine frequency of major causes of coma patients presented to Emergency Department (ED) of tertiary care hospitals in Qassim region of Saudi Arabia.
Methods:
This retrospective audit study consisting of cases of coma, presented with impaired conscious level of any age and either gender admitted through ED of tertiary care hospitals in X region of Saudi Arabia over past 2 years. Patients with transient impairment of conscious level, pregnant women, referred cases of multiple organ failure and no clear etiological diagnosis on discharge were excluded from the study. After ethical approval, the data of the patients were collected retrospectively from the medical records on structured Proforma (Annexure-1).
Results:
Out of 422 patients of coma, 96 (22.7%) were observed with severely reduced GCS (≤8 score). About 2/3rd of patients had non-traumatic causes of coma (NTC) out of this cerebral infarction (16.4%) and metabolic brain dysfunction (15.6%) were the major causes in age group >50 years. The most frequent single cause of altered mental status was traumatic brain injury (TBI) in 31% of cases with age group less the 40 years most affected 68%. Regarding the localization of coma, we observed; Diffuse brain dysfunction in 40% (n=169), Supra tentorial location in 44.8% (N=189) and infra tentorial localization in 15.2% (n=64) of cases, however the severe coma causes in older patients (>60 years) were infratentorial stroke, CNS infection, brain metastasis and brain anoxia (p<0.001).
Conclusions:
The leading cause of coma in our study in the age group less than 40 years was TBI about 68% of cases, but highly significant association of severe coma was found with older patients (>60 years), infratentorial stroke, CNS infection, brain metastasis and brain anoxia.
Cystic Lesions Of Gastrointestinal Tract Presenting As Acute Abdomen in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Inugala Anusiri , Thorlikonda Sasidhar
Published: December 2022

Introduction
Cystic lesions involving the gastrointestinal tract are rare in infants and children. Clinical presentations include asymptomatic lesions, pain abdomen, mass per abdomen and vomiting. The aim of the present study is to study the acute presentation of cystic lesions of the gastrointestinal tract in pediatric patients.
Methods
All patients below the age of 12 years with acute abdomen in the setting of a gastrointestinal cyst were included in the study. The patients underwent ultrasound of the abdomen or CECT or both. All patients underwent laparotomy. Either resection and anastomosis or excision of cyst was done for all patients.
Results
16 patients were included in the study. The age of the patients ranged from 1 day to 12 years. The most common presenting symptoms were abdominal pain, distension and vomiting. Most common signs were abdominal lump, distension and tenderness.
Ultrasound was done in 14 cases, CECT was done in 10 patients. Resection and end to end anastomosis was done in 11 cases and excision of the cyst was done in 5 cases.
Conclusion
Cystic lesions of the gastrointestinal tract can present in children of both sexes at any age. Due to the improvement in antenatal scans some of these cystic lesions can be diagnosed antenatally. Nearly two thirds of the cystic lesions of the abdomen present with an acute abdomen. All these patients require immediate surgical management. The cysts which are in proximity with the bowel are more prone for complications. The management may involve resection and anastomosis of involved or excision of cyst.
Capabilities and Services Offered by Malaysian Learning Centres in Assisting Manufacturing Enterprises in Their Digital Transformation Journey
Authors: Yong Chan Huang
Published: December 2022

Industry 4.0 encompasses a plethora of notions and technologies aimed at assisting manufacturing entities, particularly small and medium-sized firms, in gaining a competitive edge. Hence, an effective implementation of technology in the domains of asset integration, digitization, and automation is dependent on meeting plenty of demanding requirements. The role of learning centres in assisting these firms is critical to ensuring the country's overall digital transformation is a success. An exploratory quantitative survey was carried out in Malaysia to ascertain the learning centres' strengths and gaps in aiding the country in spearheading the Industry 4.0 (I4.0) agenda. The survey's primary result is that learning centres must further equip themselves to act as a catalyst in assisting the manufacturing industry in realising the I4.0 potential, albeit there is also a need to strengthen commercialization between learning centres and manufacturing enterprises. Additionally, the survey discovered that learning centres should strengthen their collaboration and affiliation with the country's primary industries in order to accelerate the adoption of I4.0 in Malaysia. Another significant outcome of the survey is the call for the establishment of a one-stop-centre for I4.0 services such as funding and policy inquiries, as well as the promotion of learning centres’ services, which are critical to assisting manufacturing enterprises in their digital transformation journey.
The Housing Problem and the Role of the Private Sector in Addressing it During the Years (2009-2018)
Authors: Muhamad Hussein Omed
Published: December 2022

This study is trying to investigate the housing problem and the role of the private sector in its solution in Sulaimani during the years (2018-2009), the study, despite a theoretical analysis of the concept of housing and characteristics, based on the most important factors. He explained in Sulaimani, The researcher used a survey form to determine the degree of private sector participation in solving the housing problem. In this survey, 1000 forms were distributed after distribution, 915 forms were filled out correctly and the answers of the participants were analyzed from an economic and statistical point of view. The results of the study are consistent with the hypothesis of the study. The study explains the most important reasons for the housing problem in Sulaimani, which include a large number of Syrian and Iranian refugees and displaced persons from other Iraqi cities in Sulaimani, as well as misuse of land distributed by the municipality, despite increased demand due to increase marriages. The researcher concluded that the private sector has a weak role in solving the housing problem, the amount of housing supply is less than the amount of demand. The housing units produced by the private sector are expensive, and the housing units are not completed on time, which has exacerbated the housing problem
Investigating Anxiety in Speaking Skills among Kurdish EFL Basic School Students: A Case Study of 7th, 8th and 9th Grades
Authors: Azad Mahmood Rabar
Published: December 2022

The present study highlights anxiety in the speaking skills of Kurdish EFL learners of the 7th, 8th, and 9th grades of basic schools in Suliamani city. The study hypothesizes that after studying English for 6 years, the majority of the students are unable to speak English appropriately; this could be attributed to a number of factors such as self-preparation, teacher’s teaching style, lack of conducting different activities in the classroom, etc. To investigate this, a questionnaire is designed and given to 100 basic school students. Moreover, a mixed method study is used, which is adapted and modified from the speaking anxiety framework of Young (1990). The study questionnaire consists of four parts: three closed-ended and one open-ended question. To analyze the data, SPSS 25 is used. Furthermore, the study concludes that basic school students need self-preparation before joining classes and the teachers should change/modify their teaching style and focus on speaking skills rather than writing. The majority of basic school students express their uncomfortable feelings and anxiety when they speak, even when it is for a very specific period of time. The teachers should attempt to decrease learners’ anxiety by engaging them in different inside-class activities.
A REVIEW OF THE MOTIVATIONAL STIMULATION OF TEACHERS WORKING WITH STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES: EXAMPLE OF DUHOK PROVINCE
Authors: ALTUN Yener , ABDULLAH Ahmed Hassan
Published: December 2022

This study investigated the relationship between the demographic variables, teachers' occupational stress, and motivational stimulation (MS) of disabled pupils. The study was conducted with 118 teachers who worked at five institutes for special education in Duhok city in the north of Iraq. To determine the perspective of the study group, the questionnaire of “Occupational Stress” and the “Motivational Stimulation” was used. Analyzes were made using IBM SPSS 25.0 program. The data obtained from the scales were tested for normality. As a result of the normality test, it was decided to conduct parametric tests. To evaluate the effect of independent variables in terms of the dependent variable, parametric tests, which included “t-test” and “One-way Variance Analysis (ANOVA)”, were conducted. Additionally, “Correlation Analysis” was conducted to reveal the level and significance of the relationship between the variables. The results of this study, it was determined that there were statistically significant differences in the motivational stimulation (MS) according to the variables of years of experience, type of disability the teacher was dealing with, nature of job, relations with pupils, and the relations with parent (p
BIGDATA ANALYTICS IN INSTAGRAM
Authors:   Department of CSE, SCSVMV Deemed to be University, India, Gomathy Dr. C.K.
Published: December 2022

The personalization of each user's feed on Instagram has been greatly aided by the usage of AI and Big Data. Because of this, the Instagram algorithm is designed to help every user locate material that they are interested in. Instagram utilizes AI to sort its feed and display articles that people are likely to like or like. This is due to the fact that technology gradually learns what content is valuable and pertinent for every user. Instagram has expanded beyond being a platform for only sharing images and videos with its estimated 1.1 billion monthly active users. Now, you may advertise using the photo-sharing software. Big Data and AI are used on Instagram to gather analytical information about user behavior. Following that, data on user interactions and search choices will be provided.
Intrusion Detection in Big Data Era: A Multi- Objective Approach for Longer Model Lifespans
Authors:   Department of CSE, SCSVMV Deemed to be University, India, Gomathy Dr. C.K.
Published: December 2022

Despite highly accurate intrusion detection schemes based on machine learning (ML) reported in the literature, changes in network traffic behaviour quickly yield low accuracy rates. An intrusion detection model update is not easily feasible due to the enormous amount of network traffic to be processed in near real-time for high- speed networks, in particular, under big data settings. In this paper, we propose a new scalable long-lasting intrusion detection architecture for the processing of network content and the building of a reliable ML-based intrusion detection model. Experiments performed through the analysis of five years of network traffic, about 20 TB of data, have shown that our approach extends the lifespan of our model by up to six weeks. That occurs because the average accuracy rate of our proposal lasted eight weeks after the training phase, and traditional ones reached only two weeks after the model building. Additionally, our proposal achieves up to 10 Gbps of detection throughput in a 20-core big data processing cluster. KEYWORDS: Machine Learning, Intrusion Detection, Big Data, High-Speed Networks.
A STUDY ON ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORDS
Authors:   Department of CSE, SCSVMV Deemed to be University, India, Gomathy Dr. C.K.
Published: December 2022

Electronic health records (EHRs) were introduced to enhance patient outcomes and care quality. The adoption of EHRs and patient outcomes were compared in this study. Using State Inpatient Databases connected to the 2011 American Hospital Association survey, we conducted an observational study. Six sizable, diversified states' worth of surgical and medical patients were included. We conducted univariate analyses and created hierarchical regression models that examined the relationships between mortality, readmission rates, and complications with the extent of EHR utilisation. Using a difference-in-differences methodology, we assessed the impact of EHR adoption on outcomes from 2008 to 2011. Patients seeking medical and surgical care went to hospitals with no EHR (3.5%), partial EHR (55.2%), and full EHR (41.3%) systems. Patients at hospitals with full EHR had the lowest rates of inpatient mortality, readmissions, and hospitalizations in univariate studies. Keywords: Electronic Health Records, Bar Coding, Speech Recognition, Patient Confidentiality.
THE STUDY OF HADOOP ECOSYSTEM
Authors:   Department of CSE, SCSVMV Deemed to be University, India, Gomathy Dr. C.K.
Published: December 2022

The Hadoop Ecosystem is a platform or framework that addresses big data issues; it is neither a programming language nor a service. You can think of it as a collection of services that includes consuming, storing, analysing, and managing data. This article defines the concept of big data, which is a collection of enormous data sets that typical computational methods cannot handle. Hadoop is a system created to process large amounts of data. Businesses use Hadoop as their platform for processing big data. In a distributed computing context, Hadoop is an open source, Java-based programming platform that facilitates the processing and archiving of very massive data collections. By solving the challenges that are typically encountered when managing Big Data, it supports Big Data analytics. Hadoop may fail. Keywords: Hadoop, hadoop ecosystem, Distributed Computing, Business Intelligence
CALCULATING SEAWATER CARBON CONTENT USING SATELLITE SENSOR DATA
Authors:   Department of CSE, SCSVMV Deemed to be University, India, Gomathy Dr. C.K.
Published: December 2022

There are numerous effects of chemical reactions in ocean surface waters. The importance of carbon dioxide and its constituents, as well as the potential consequences they may have on climate change, has recently increased. Key sea-surface data can be measured in close to real-time by remote sensing, allowing for the estimation of carbon levels. Hybrid satellite sensor data is used to illustrate. We train our algorithms using data gathered from cruise ships as the "ground truth" in order to validate our findings. The proposed approach can be utilised to estimate Carbon levels in any ocean because our predictor's error rate is shown to be low. The use of sea water salinity as a stand-in for carbon calculations is one way that this work advances prior research. The Carbon content of surface water is predicted using binary combinations of typically unary predictor variables, and the relationship is quantified using an intrinsically non-linear model. Keywords: Climate Change, Carbon emissions, Ocean acidification
Effects of Word Processing Tools on Improving Writing Skills in the Process of Learning a Foreign Language
Authors: KOCAMAN Orhan
Published: December 2022

The current study aims to display descriptive information on using word processing tools to enhance writing skills in the process of learning the English language. Writing is an important skill that includes creative thinking, refining, organizing, and editing ideas to have effective communication. However, due to its artificial nature, writing is a skill that should be enhanced by means of constant practice. Therefore, it can be challenging for both native speakers and second language learners to produce a proper writing task. With the development of technology, many programs have emerged, like Ms. Word processor, Grammarly, and Google Docs which can be used to create and edit writing. Many studies discussed the advantages and disadvantages of pen-and-paper writing and computer-assisted writing. Pen-and-paper writing can positively affect the students' motor skills and cognitive development, while computer-assisted writing can improve the writing quality and skills of the learners. However, these results could be affected by, for instance, the incompetence of students using word processors.
Marketing Strategy in Increasing Sales of Muslim Clothing Products at the Petisah Market in Medan City
Authors: Atika Aini Nasution
Published: December 2022

The level of competition in the business world requires every seller to be able to carry out his marketing activities more effectively and efficiently. This study aims to determine the marketing strategy for Muslim fashion products at the Petisah Market in Medan City in increasing sales, and to find out the obstacles encountered in marketing Muslim fashion products at the Petisah Market in Medan City. This research is a field research ( field research ) which is descriptive qualitative in nature. The results of the study show that the marketing strategy carried out by Muslim clothing traders at the Petisah Market in Medan City is to do good segmentation , targeting and positioning , by carrying out a marketing mix related to product , price , place , promotion , people , process , and physical evidence. The obstacles faced in marketing Muslim fashion products at the Medan City Petisah Market, including the lack of capital, delays in the arrival of goods ordered from suppliers, lack of employees and minimal promotion, namely only relying on social media which also has various limitations.
How Volatility and Herding of the Stock Markets in the Oceania Region Influence Investors and Policymakers: A Sector-Wise Exploration in Pre and Post-COVID Period
Authors: Roy Swarnil , Arefin Sk. Riad , Mallik Avijit
Published: December 2022

The paper probes the sector-wise presence of volatility persistence, herding behavior and corresponding implications on investors and policymakers in the Oceania region both in Pre-COVID & Post-COVID era. The inspection is based on seven identical sectors from both Australia and New Zealand using GARCH (Generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity) methods for volatility analysis and CSAD (Cross-Sectional Absolute Deviation) method for herding behavior. This paper finds the existence of herding behavior only in the consumer discretionary sector for both countries which delineates efficient market conditions for other sectors. The market is highly favorable for the investors in Food & Beverages, IT, and Healthcare sectors in both countries due to the potential growth opportunity while Real Estate and Financial sectors should be meticulously assessed in line with the alteration of macroeconomic forces. Fiscal and monetary measures along with the influx of labor forces and technological breakthroughs should be the key concentrations for the policymakers of both countries.
Demographic Aspects and Investors’ Decision Making Process: A Study
Authors: Ghosh Sutap Kumar
Published: December 2022

By illustrating the demographic composition of individual investors in the DSE of Bangladesh, examining the relationship between demographic factors and investment amount, exploring the relationship between demographic factors and investors' investment periods, highlighting the relationship between demographic factors and investors' emotional state, identifying the relationship between demographic factors and the impact of internal feeling on investors’ investment decision and establishing the relationship between demographic factors and investors’ correct investment decision-making, the current study seeks to fill the knowledge gap regarding the influence of demographic aspects on investors’ decision making process. Primary data are utilized to establish and explain concepts, while secondary data are also employed to support this empirical inquiry. Here, causal-comparative and descriptive study designs have both been applied. The study sample was chosen using the judgmental sampling technique. The characteristics of each investor are described by tabulation and percentage analysis. To depict the connection between demographic factors and individual investors' investment behaviour, various hypotheses are developed. For testing the hypotheses, ANOVA and the Chi-square test are utilized. In the DSE of Bangladesh, investors' decisions about investment quantity, investment time, emotional level, internal feeling, and appropriate investment decisions are strongly correlated with respondents' gender, age, education, occupation, and income.
Impact of Individuals Saving and Consumption Behaviour towards Investment as Inflow of Money in the Economy of Pakistan: A Case of Salaried Class
Authors: Munir Waqar , Hui Jerome Kueh Swee , Abdullah Muhammad Asraf Bin
Published: December 2022

Savings and consumption are the central core valuable factors in the growth of an economy. Saving and investment are specifically crucial for individuals and the government for smooth economic growth and wellbeing of the peoples. This study has used the federal government salaried class individuals with the convenience sampling of 550 participants including both male and female. The theory of permanent income study and lifecycle hypothesis support the consumption and savings patterns of the salaried class with their retirement planning and investment decisions. These decisions are also affected by the living standards and investment scams prevailing in the market. The Structural Equation Modelling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) method is used in this study. The literature results revealed that saving patters and consumption patterns significantly impact investment decision of individuals. The moderating role of living standards and the mediating role of retirement planning on investment and savings relationships is essential in today's era for the better investment decision and as inflow of money in the economy. This study will help the policy makers and government to define the policies and regulations for the save investment avenues. However, the model has not been tested empirically, but the literature and study hypothesis support the model and study hypothesis. A future empirical study can be carried on using this model.
Single-particle Mineralogy of Asbestos Mineral Particles by the Combined Use of Low-Z Particle EPMA and ATR-FTIR Imaging Techniques
Authors: Khan Muhammad Saiful Islam , Yoo Hanjin , Wu Li , Lee Hayeong , Kim Minjeong , Park Jonghyeon , Ro Chul-Un
Published: December 2022

In this work, two single particle analytical techniques such as a quantitative energy-dispersive electron probe X-ray microanalysis (ED-EPMA), called low-Z particle EPMA, and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform-Infrared (ATR-FTIR) imaging were applied in combination for the characterization and distinction of six standard asbestos and one non-asbestos Mg-silicate minerals of micrometer size. Asbestos fibers have been reported as a natural carcinogen which causes some serious illness like mesothelioma, asbestosis, and lung cancer. Atmospheric aerosols are heterogeneous mixtures and airborne asbestos fibers would be present due to their extensive industrial uses for various purposes. The fibers could also be airborne from natural and anthropogenic sources. As different asbestos fibers have different carcinogenic properties, it is important to determine different types of individual asbestos and non-asbestos Mg-silicate mineral particles and their sources for the public health management. In our previous works, the speciation of individual aerosol particles was performed by the combined use of the two single-particle analytical techniques, which demonstrated that the combined use of the two analytical techniques is powerful for detailed characterization of externally heterogeneous aerosol particle samples and has great potential for characterization of atmospheric aerosols. In this work, it is demonstrated that the identification and differentiation of asbestiform and non-asbestiform Mg-silicate mineral particles is clearly performed using the two single particle analytical techniques in combination than using either technique individually. Especially, anthophyllite and talc can be differentiated using this analytical approach, which has not been easy up until now.
Annexin A3: a newly identified player in store‑operated calcium entry
Authors: Dyrda Agnieszka , Kuznicki Jacek , Majewski Lukasz
Published: December 2022

Store‑operated calcium entry (SOCE) is important for refilling endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ stores and Ca2+ signaling. Extracellular Ca2+ is conducted by highly Ca2+‑selective Orai channels that are activated by stromal interaction molecule proteins (STIMs), which are sensitive ER Ca2+ sensors. We found an approximately five‑fold increase in annexin A3a (anxa3a) expression levels in stim2b knockout zebrafish. The present study investigated whether annexin A3 protein is involved in SOCE. We used Ca2+ imaging and electrophysiological recordings to determine the effect of annexin A2, A3, and A6 overexpression on SOCE and Orai-dependent Ca2+ currents (ICRAC) in cultured cells. Annexin A3 increased SOCE amplitude and potentiated Ca2+ ICRAC currents. These results suggest that annexin A3 is a positive modulator of SOCE.
Synergistic analgesic effect of morphine and tramadol in non‑sensitized and morphine‑sensitized mice: an isobolographic study
Authors: Khakpai Fatemeh , Nedaei Fatemeh , Shahini Faezeh , Zarrindast Mohammad‑Reza
Published: December 2022

Morphine and tramadol are the opioid analgesic drugs acting via activation of μ‑opioid receptors. It is important to understand which mechanism (synergistic or additive anti‑nociceptive activity) induced potent anti‑nociceptive effect by co‑administration of morphine and tramadol. Identification of new strategies that can potentiate analgesic effects of opioids will be good therapeutic
approaches for pain relief. To this aim, male mice were cannulated in the left ventricle by a stereotaxic instrument. A tail‑flick test was used to record the pain threshold. The results revealed that intracerebroventricularly injection of morphine induced an anti‑nociceptive effect in non‑sensitized and morphine‑sensitized mice. We found that infusion of tramadol produced
an anti‑nociceptive response in non‑sensitized mice, whereas tramadol in doses of 0.5 and 1 μg/mouse induced analgesia in morphine‑sensitized mice. Co‑injection of a non‑effective dose of tramadol or morphine (0.25 μg/mouse) with different doses of morphine or tramadol (0.25, 0.5, and 1 μg/mouse) respectively potentiated the analgesic effect of the previous drug.
An isobolographic analysis of data was performed, indicating a synergistic interaction between morphine and tramadol in non‑sensitized and morphine‑sensitized mice. Our data indicated that both morphine and tramadol elicit more anti‑nociceptive response in morphine sensitized mice; there is a synergistic effect between morphine and tramadol upon induction of analgesic effect in non‑sensitized and morphine‑sensitized mice.
Lipoic acid alleviates LPS‑evoked PC12 cell damage by targeting p53 and inactivating the NF‑κB pathway
Authors: Mao Jieping , Gao Hua , Bai Wen , Zeng Haibo , Ren Yafang , Liu Yu , Yang Xinling
Published: December 2022

Lipoic acid (LA) exerts several beneficial effects including anti‑inflammatory and antioxidant activity. This research aims to explore the function and mechanisms of LA on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑induced PC12 cells. PC12 cells stimulated by LPS were used to mimic an in vitro inflammatory model of Parkinson’s disease. Cell toxicity was determined by a cell counting kit‑8 assay after various treatments. The concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)‑1β and IL‑6 were analyzed by an ELISA kit. The effects of LA on\r\ncell apoptosis and cell cycle were measured by flow cytometry. The levels of α‑syn, Nurr1 and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) were tested by immunocytochemistry and ELISA kits. Western blotting assays were used to measure the expression of NF‑κB pathway‑related proteins. In PC12 cells, 100 μmol/mL LA effectively attenuated the upregulation of TNF‑α, IL‑1β and IL‑6 triggered by LPS; inhibited the increase of cell apoptosis; and relieved the cell cycle arrest induced. Additionally, the increase in α‑syn and the decrease in Nurr1 and TH triggered by LPS were reversed by 100 μmol/mL LA. We also found that the elevated expression of p53 in LPS‑induced PC12 cells was suppressed by LA. Significantly, knockdown of p53 enhanced the ameliorative effect of LA on LPS‑triggered PC12 cell damage. The increase in levels of p‑p65 NF‑κB and p‑IκBα triggered by LPS were suppressed by LA and si‑p53 combination treatment. The results indicate that LA can attenuate LPS‑triggered inflammation and apoptosis in PC12 cells by targeting the p53/NF‑κB pathway.\r\nThese findings provide a theoretical basis for the future treatment of inflammation in Parkinson’s disease.
Greater occipital nerve block efficacy in COVID‑19 associated headache: a preliminary study
Authors: Karadaş Ömer , Gül Hakan , Öztürk Bilgin , Sonkaya Ali , Özön Akçay , Shafiyev Javid , Sir Ender
Published: December 2022

COVID‑19 is an infection caused by the new coronavirus SARS‑CoV‑2. Headache is one of the most common neurological findings. In the treatment of various chronic headaches, the greater occipital nerve (GON) block is often used as a safe and effective method. The aim of our study was to investigate the effectiveness of the GON block in the treatment of headaches observed in COVID‑19 patients. Between March and May 2020, 27 patients (with laboratory‑confirmed 2019‑nCoV infection by next‑generation sequencing confirmation of real‑time PCR) that had moderate or severe headache associated with COVID‑19 and treated with a single session of GON block were retrospectively analyzed. The visual analogue scale (VAS) values and the number of analgesic usage of patients were recorded before and after the blockade on the 1st and 10th days. Fifteen (55.6%) patients included in the study were male and twelve (44.4%) were female. In terms of VAS values, the difference between pre‑treatment and post‑treatment values on the 1st and 10th days was found statistically significant. Likewise, the difference between analgesic use before and after the procedure was statistically significant. GON block appears to be an effective pain management method in COVID‑19 related headache, and it revealed promising reductions in pain scores and analgesic usage. As well as we know, this is the first study of “COVID‑19 associated headache treated with GON blockade”. More long term and well‑designed prospective studies with more participants are needed to better define this headache and develop effective treatment strategies.
Identification of traditional Japanese Kampo medicines and crude drugs that upregulate brain‑derived neurotrophic factor in human peripheral cells
Authors: Nakajima Kensuke , Okubo Shinya , Oiso Shigeru
Published: December 2022

The neurotrophic hypothesis of depression, which suggests that decreased hippocampal brain‑derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels cause depression, has become increasingly popular. BDNF, a member of the neurotrophin family,\r\npromotes neuronal differentiation and survival. BDNF is synthesized in various peripheral tissues, as well as in the brain. Considering that peripheral BDNF can be transported into the brain across the blood‑brain barrier, substances with the ability to upregulate BDNF activity in peripheral tissues may be useful in the management of depression. Previously, we demonstrated that the human kidney adenocarcinoma cell line ACHN produces BDNF; hence, this cell line was employed for screening upregulators of peripheral BDNF. Here, we aimed to identify Kampo (traditional Japanese) medicines and their crude drug components that upregulate BDNF levels using ACHN cells. Chotosan, Hochuekkito, Kososan, and Ninjinyoeito, Kampo medicines used in treating psychiatric disorders, increased BDNF levels in the culture media of ACHN cells.\r\nFurthermore, Chinpi (Citrus unshiu peel), a crude drug contained in these four Kampo medicines, as well as Onji (Polygala tenuifolia root), and Saiko (Bupleurum falcatum root) elevated BDNF levels in ACHN cells. Chinpi, showing strong BDNF elevating effect, increased BDNF mRNA expression. Inhibitors of protein kinase B, mitogen‑activated protein kinase kinase, and cAMP‑dependent protein kinase, involved in the transcription of BDNF, attenuated Chinpi‑induced BDNF elevation. Our results suggest that Chinpi and Kampo medicines containing Chinpi can promote the production of BDNF in peripheral tissues, potentially alleviating depression symptoms.
Removal of Antibiotics from Aqueous Solutions by Bentonite Supported-Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron
Authors: Başkan Gülşah
Published: December 2022

Nowadays, antibiotics are extensively used in human and animal medicine. The unconscious consumption of antibiotics and their mixing with water sources without adequate treatment have caused environmental problems. Several chemical and physical treatment methods applied for the removal of antibiotics from aqueous media offer alternative solutions by improving the treatment process and using new materials. As in many areas, nanomaterials are also used in treatment methods such as sorption, degradation, and oxidation. Among the nanomaterials, nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) is frequently preferred in treatment processes due to its abundance, cheapness, ease of application, and high removal performance. Besides its many advantages, nZVI agglomerates in the aqueous phase and exhibits unstable behaviors. This limits the surface area required for antibiotic removal and reduces the removal efficiency. In recent years nZVI has been used in water treatment technologies by being modified with many support materials such as bentonite to minimize particle agglomeration. Bentonite is clay-based support material that provides high removal efficiency and reduces the cost of treatment due to its abundance in nature. In this study, antibiotic pollution and treatment methods in water resources were reviewed and the antibiotic removal performances of bentonite-supported nVZI were investigated. In the studies, it was concluded that the antibiotic removal efficiency increased with the use of support materials.
PROGRAM BTQ DAN BANTHAYO LO ILIMU DALAM MENINGKATKAN PENDIDIKAN DI DESA LIMEHE BARAT KEC. TABONGO KAB. GORONTALO
Authors: Tine Nurhayati , Pauweni Apriyanto A.J. , Marhawati Besse
Published: December 2022

Pendidikan merupakan sebuah kebutuhan yang harus dipenuhi oleh seseorang dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa dan bernegara. Pendidikan menjadi salah satu aspek dalam kehidupan yang mampu memberi arah jalan seorang individu dalam menjalani kehidupannya di dunia. Pendidikan akan selalu di renovasi dan diperbaiki sehingga mampu menghasilkan ilmu pengetahuan yang baru yang mampu mengadakan sebuah perubahan yang lebih baik dalam memenuhi aspek-aspek kehidupan lainnya. Melalui pendidikan baik yang bersifat formal maupun non formal anak didik akan mengalami sebuah proses perubahan dalam dirinya dan kehidupannya baik perubahan pengetahuan atapun perilakunya. Proses perubahan diri ini yang disebut dengan belajar. Motivasi belajar merupakan salah satu pendorong seseorang menjadi lebih aktif dan lebih semangat dalam mengikuti pembelajaran. Oleh sebab itu, seorang individu atau peserta didik yang sedang dalam proses mengikuti jenjang sekolah akan selalu membutuhkan yang namanya motivasi belajar. Yang dengan itu membantu ia mendapatkan suasana belajar yang baik dan mampu meningkatkan keefektifsn pada proses pembelajaran.
INTENSITAS DAN PREVALENSI EKTOPARASIT PADA KEPITING BAKAU (Scylla serrata) DALAM PENGEMBANGAN BUDIDAYA
Authors: Pakaya Desy Ananda , Koniyo Yuniarti , Lamadi Arafik
Published: December 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat Prevalensi serangan ektoparasit dan untuk mengetahui Intensitas ektoparasit dalam pengembangan budidaya kepiting bakau (Scylla serrata). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Proposive dengan cara pengambilan sampel di tiga stasiun yang ada di Kecamatan Marisa Kabupaten Pohuwato kemudian diidentifikasi pada labolatorium Terpadu FPIK Universitas Negeri Gorontalo. Hasil penelitian menunjukan ektoparasit yang menyerang kepiting bakau adalah Octolasmis sp, tingkat Prevalensi dari ke tiga stasiun adalah 100 % terinfeksi. Sedangkan intensitas yang lebih diserang oleh Octolasmis sp adalah kepiting  bakau  betina  137.7  ind/ekor  dan  jantan  60.2  ind/ekr,  katagori  tingkat serangan parah pada betina sementara jantan dikatagorikan sedang.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PROBIOTIK PADA PAKAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BENIH UDANG VANAME (Litopenaeus vannamei)
Authors: Pakaya Dewinta , Tuiyo Rully , Lamadi Arafik
Published: December 2022

Udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) merupakan salah satu jenis udang yang telah berkembang pesat dan menjadi salah satu komoditas unggul di Indonesia. Udang vaname memiliki prospek dan keuntungan yang menjanjikan, juga permintaan pasar yang terus meningkat setiap tahunnya. Keunggulan  yang dimiliki udang vaname ini menjadikan udang vaname banyak diminati dan menjadi salah satu spesies udang yang sering dibudidaya. Namun dalam kegiatan budidaya permasalahan yang muncul akan menjadi kendala, salah satu permasalahan  yang dijumpai adalah kualitas lingkungan  yang menurun sehingga menyebabkan timbulnya penyakit pada udang, penyakit yang menyerang akan menghambat pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup udang yang dipelihara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian probiotik pada pakan terhadap pertumbuhan benih udang vaname. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pertumbuhan berat mutlak tertinggi pada perlakuan C = 0.368 gr, kemudian B = 0.361 gr, A = 0.351 gr, D = 0.331 gr dan E = 0.315. Pertumbuhan panjang mutlak tertinggi pada perlakuan C = 29.64 mm, kemudian A = 29.26 mm, B = 28.22 mm, D = 27.46 mm dan E = 27.46. Kelangsungan hidup tertinggi pada perlakuan E = 64.2%, kemudian A = 62.5%, B = 62.1%, C = 60.4% dan D = 58.7%. Pemberian probiotik pada pakan menunjukan berbeda tidak nyata pada pertumbuhan berat benih udang vaname tetapi berbeda nyata terhadap pertumbuhan panjang benih udang vaname
Prevalence of arterial hypertension and its risk factors in Pinar del Río
Authors: Lago Carballea Odalys , Martínez Cruz Mercedes , Ferreiro Corrales Jorge Luis , Ledesma Baño María Caridad , Duarte Hernadez Keilan , Ferreiro Lago Odisleydi
Published: December 2022

Introduction: cardiovascular diseases, especially arterial hypertension, constitute a health problem with high prevalence. Aim: to characterize the prevalence of arterial hypertension and its risk factors in Pinar del Río in 2018 and 2019.Methods: observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study in patients with arterial hypertension in the province of Pinar del Río during the years 2018 and 2019. Reports from the statistics department of the Provincial Health Directorate were used as a source for obtaining the information. Results: the prevalence rate of hypertension was 27.31 and 28.50 per 100 inhabitants respectively in 2018 and 2019 of, with a variation of 4.35 %. The highest rate for both years was exhibited by Mantua municipality (36.52 and 37.17 per 100 inhabitants in 2018 and 2019 respectively). Smoking and sedentary lifestyle were the most prevalent risk factors (17 and 13 cases per 100 inhabitants). The highest smoking rates were exhibited in 2018 by Viñales and in 2019 by Mantua. Obesity and sedentary lifestyle showed higher prevalence in both 2018 and 2019 in Guane municipality. Viñales presented the highest prevalence of alcoholism, and La Palma of hypercholesterolemia. Conclusions: there was an increasing trend in the prevalence of arterial hypertension and its risk factors between 2018 and 2019. The municipalities with the highest prevalence of arterial hypertension coincide with the highest prevalences of its risk factors
Carbon targets for bridges: a proposed SCORS-style rating scheme
Authors: Archer-Jones Cameron , Green Daniel
Published: December 2022

Cameron Archer-Jones and Daniel Green propose a version of the IStructE’s ‘SCORS’ rating scheme for bridges and encourage engineers to adopt carbon targets for their projects.
Safety matters: why experience and communication are key to managing risk
Authors: MacKenzie David
Published: December 2022

David MacKenzie discusses the importance of structural safety in the design and construction phase and ways in which risks can be mitigated.
La ordenación jurídico-administrativa de las energías renovables como pieza clave en la lucha contra el cambio climático: ¿un sector en crisis?
Authors: Mora Ruiz Manuela
Published: December 2022

Este Trabajo pretende una aproximación a la ordenación jurídica de las energías renovables, teniendo en cuenta la importancia de las mismas en la lucha contra el cambio climático. Su regulación concreta a partir de la Directiva 2009/28/CE, del Parlamento y del Consejo, de 23 de abril, de Fomento de las Energías Renovables, y la proyección de ésta en el Derecho Español, dada la relevancia económica del sector energético, constituye el núcleo de una revisión crítica del Derecho creado por Estado y Comunidades Autónomas en los últimos tiempos.