bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST IN THE HEALTHCARE SECTOR: LEGAL ASPECTS
Authors: Shevchuk Oleksandr M. , Milash Viktoriia V. , Goncharenko Ganna A. , Lysodyed Oleksandr V. , Matat Yuriy I.
Published: November 2023

The aim: To study the features of legal regulation of preventing conflicts of interest in the healthcare field in foreign countries in order to propose improvements to national legislation.
Materials and methods: The methodological basis of the article is a set of methods and techniques of scientific knowledge. Methods of theoretical analysis, system-analytical, comparative-legal methods provided us with the opportunity to characterize the features of the legal regulation of preventing conflicts of interest in the area under study.
Results: The common features of preventing conflicts of interest in the healthcare field in foreign countries are: (1) a combination of mandatory, recommendatory, ethical and legal norms that define a number of requirements, restrictions and prohibitions in this area; (2) different levels of legal regulation of conflicts of interest (international, national, regional, local); (3) two approaches to determining the content of conflict of interest: general (the conflict is defined the same for all cases) and differentiated (the conflict of interest is determined by each area, taking into account its specifics). The debatable and problematic issues of conflict prevention in the national healthcare system are analyzed, and amendments to the medical legislation are proposed.
Conclusions: Prevention of conflict of interest in the healthcare field should be considered as a specific group of public legal relations and an independent subject of legal regulation arising from the norms of the legislation of most foreign countries.
CONCEPT OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT OF V. A. NESMЕYANOV
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Economics, St. Petersburg, Russia, Nincieva Galina V.
Published: November 2023

If supporters of the general organizational and, in particular, psychophysiological directions of Russian management thought, with rare exceptions, had a sharply negative attitude towards the first Western systems of scientific management, primarily Taylorism, for the desire to maximize labor intensity with the help of timing, “lessons”, and special forms of wages etc., reproaching them for ignoring general issues of organization and production management, issues of fatigue and rest, etc. etc., then representatives of the organizational- production movement were, as a rule, fans of the Western pioneers of management science. The most consistent representatives of this trend were M. I. Vasiliev, I. S. Kanegisser, V. A. Nesmеyanov, N. F. Charnovsky and others. This article discusses the concept of scientific management by V. A. Nesmеyanov.
THE ENERGY COMPLEX OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF INDUSTRY 4.0
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University of Economics, St. Petersburg, Russia, Vasilkov Vladislav V.
Published: November 2023

The article analyzes the transformations in the Russian energy sector under the influence of industry 4.0. The author analyzed foreign and domestic sources, scientific papers, industry reports to identify the main features of the reorganization of energy in the transition period and transformation to reach the level of a new industrial structure. The analysis of domestic advanced technologies and innovative commercial and non-commercial projects in the energy industry is given. The purpose of the article is to identify the main features of the advanced energy complex in the conditions of industry 4.0, to identify the innovative potential of the domestic energy complex and the leading players who at the current stage form the competitiveness and security of the future energy complex of the Russian Federation.
METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF COST MANAGEMENT FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STATE DEFENSE ORDER IN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE INDUSTRIAL POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors:   MMK – Industrial Park LLC, Magnitogorsk, Russia, Dremov Vladimir V. , Kireeva Natalia V. ,   Ural Socio-Economic Institute (branch) of Academy of Labor and Social Relations, Chelyabinsk, Russia
Published: November 2023

The execution of the state defense order (hereinafter referred to as the State Defense Order) is strictly regulated by the state, including the procedure for pricing and calculating the cost of production. Along with this, they practically do not pay attention to the control of the actual cost of the state budget, the analysis of the reasons for exceeding the actual cost from the planned or saving actual costs compared to the planned ones. The actual cost price is always different from the planned (contract). Regulations provide for the possibility of adjusting the price of the state budget by the state. Very often, prices for raw materials, which is an exchange commodity, change. In this case, the adjustment is linked to the exchange indicators, and the actual price of a particular contract may differ significantly from the exchange indicators. Such an adjustment mechanism does not fully compensate for the losses of the enterprise from incorrect cost planning of the state budget. If the goods are not exchange-traded, but in fact there is an increase in prices for raw materials for the State Budget, regulations allow the adjustment of the price of the state budget on the basis of statistical data for similar raw materials. But in this case, the average prices will also be used, and not the actual one from a specific contract. The result is a conflict of interests between the participants in the implementation of the State Budget. The contradiction is solved not with the help of regulations, but with the help of contractual relationships at the stage of the next state budget. The interests of the parties to this conflict are not always fully satisfied. In order to harmonize the relationship in the chain of the customer (state) – contractor (enterprises), it is necessary to develop a fair mechanism for adjusting the cost of the state defense order, which will increase the motivation of enterprises, and allow the state to receive additional tax deductions.
THE ROLE OF INTERNET MARKETING IN INCREASING THE PROFITABILITY OF BANKS IN SYRIA
Authors:   Vladimir State University named after A. G. and N. G. Stoletovs, Alkhares Mahmoud
Published: November 2023

In the current political and economic conditions of Syria, the banking system faces serious challenges. The ongoing military conflict and international sanctions negatively affect the economic situation in the country. Banks need to quickly respond to changing circumstances and look for new ways to attract customers and increase market share. In a global world where technology and the Internet play an increasingly important role, effective digital marketing is becoming a vital element of the competitiveness of financial organizations. The use of tools such as digital advertising, websites, mobile applications and social media helps banks quickly communicate information to customers and attract new ones. At the same time, the level of adoption of these technologies in Syrian banks remains insufficient. The significance of this study is due to the need to increase the flexibility of the Syrian banking sector in conditions of political and economic instability. The development of effective electronic marketing tools will allow banks to quickly respond to changing market conditions. To assess the current state and prospects for the use of digital communication channels, it is advisable to develop a statistical methodology. The data obtained will help management make balanced management decisions, including in the field of marketing, ensuring the stability of the banking system in conditions of political uncertainty.
ISSUES OF ENSURING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION OF THE EURASIAN ECONOMIC UNION
Authors:   Vyatka State University, Kirov, Russia, Timin Alexandr N. , Sapozhnikova Ekaterina S. ,   Russian university of transport (MIIT)
Published: November 2023

The relevance of the study is dictated by the need to study the issues of interaction between the countries of the Eurasian Economic Union from the point of view of economic security, including in agriculture. The paper proposes a system for assessing the agro-industrial aspect of the economic security of nuclear power plants, clarifying the general indicators of economic security based on the analysis of trade in certain critical goods. The level of economic security is defined as the level of dependence of the EAEU as a whole on imports of critical goods necessary for the development of agriculture.
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT: A CLASSIC CONCEPT OR A TOOL FOR COMPANY DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Moscow City Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia, Lomovtseva Olga A. , Gerasimenko Olga A. ,   Belgorod State National Research University, Belgorod, Russia, Ostrovskaya Anna A. ,   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia
Published: November 2023

The article examines the application of the concept of strategic management as a methodological tool for creating an additional competitive advantage. It has been established that the choice of a company’s location can ensure competitive stability from the standpoint of forming strategic management. Scientific research in the field of choosing a company location is fragmentary; in practice, the discovery and selection of a location is carried out intuitively. The proposed concept was tested using the example of choosing the location of a Korean cosmetics store in Belgorod. The study made it possible to determine the strategic factors of the attractiveness of objects: marketing (pricing policy, service and interior) and geographical (availability of parking, number of infrastructure facilities), digital (information processing of spatial data). The optimal location option for opening a MYSKIN store in the city of Belgorod has been determined.
UAV SWARM SYSTEMS
Authors: Zaur Alakbarov, Lala Bekirova Zaur Alakbarov, Lala Bekirova
Published: November 2023

The rapid development of technology has introduced new and groundbreaking approaches to unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). One such innovation is the swarm UAV systems. These systems represent a technology where multiple small and often autonomous aircraft collaborate to perform specific tasks. An important component of this system is artificial intelligence.
Swarm UAV systems can operate more effectively and coordinatedly by utilising artificial intelligence algorithms. Each UAV is equipped with autonomous control systems and artificial intelligence software. Through data analysis, object recognition, route planning, environmental adaptation and other complex tasks, artificial intelligence aids these UAVs in successfully completing tasks. As a result, swarm UAVs are capable of performing more complex and dynamic missions.
The integration of artificial intelligence into swarm UAV systems holds great potential for several application fields. For instance, in search and rescue operations, AI can perform image analysis to detect individuals trapped under debris. In agriculture applications, AI can detect plant diseases or pests and optimize irrigation requirements.
In this article, we will examine what swarm UAV systems are, how they operate, and the contribution of integrating artificial intelligence to this technology. In this article, we will examine what swarm UAV systems are, how they operate, and the contribution of integrating artificial intelligence to this technology. In this article, we will examine what swarm UAV systems are, how they operate, and the contribution of integrating artificial intelligence to this technology. Additionally, we will focus on the potential future application areas of swarm UAV systems and the potential impacts of this integration. Swarm UAV systems and artificial intelligence represent a significant transformation in the world of technology, and this article will provide a resource to better understand these exciting developments.
Keywords: Research of UAVs, integration of artificial intelligence, flight programs, autonomous control.
Sosialisasi Pengembangan UMKM Di Nagori Silau Malaha Kabupaten Simalungun
Authors: Purba Elidawaty , Damanik Darwin , Panjaitan Pawer Darasa , Tumanggor Bagudek , Purba Tambak Dian G , Damanik Parlin , Damanik Tommi , Siadari Faisal , Agustama Wani
Published: November 2023

Kegiatan sosialisasi pengembangan UMKM di Nagori Silau Malaha Kabupaten Simalungun bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman kepada masyarakat dan UMKM tentang pengembangan usaha, modal usaha dan akses lembaga keuangan dan perencanaan usaha. Kegiatan Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilaksanakan dengan metode ceramah, tanya-jawab dan tatap muka dengan para peserta sosialisasi.Hasil daari kegiatan ini adalah pertama, Pengembangan usaha UMKM di Nagori Silau Malaha masih harus perlu dikembangkan mulai dari perikanan darat hingga menjadi usaha ekowisata/eduwisata sehingga dapat memiliki dampak kesejahteraan bagi UMKM dan masyarakat; kedua, Modal usaha dalam pengembangan UMKM di Nagori Silau Malaha khususnya usaha ekowisata masih perlu menjadi perhatian khusus bagi UMKM dan Pemerintah agar dapat berkelanjutan; dan ketiga, Kurangnya perhatian pemerintah daerah untuk menyediakan prasarana dan sarana di sekitar wilayah UMKM di Nagori Silau Malaha
Extraordinary Character of Irrigation in Bohemia in Hydrological Year 1964
Authors: Balatka Břetislav , Sládek Jaroslav
Published: November 2023

The paper gives the characteristics of water balance in individual watersheds in Bohemia during the hydrological year 1964. In the last years, considerable decrease showed in precipitation and consequently in the rate of flow on rivers in the watershed of the Elbe. From the viewpoint of precipitation, the hydrological year 1964 remains slightly below the normal (93 %) which, however, does not fall in with the fact that the mean annual rate of flow on the Elbe in Děčín made 59 % of the existing average. A comparatively great difference in the above figures was caused by the preceding longlasting period of draught and insufficient precipitation during the winter period. In the course of the year, the most humid months were August and October when waterlevels raised, in some places even floods were due to heavy downpours, especially in Eastern Bohemia. Individual areas in Bohemia have displayed great differences in regional distribution of precipitation and in the rate of water flow. Total annual precipitation kept between 40 and 90 % of the existing average. The most arid area in Bohemia in the course of the hydrological year 1964 was the watershed of the Ohře, most humid was Eastern Bohemia, especially the watershed of the Orlice. The uneven distribution of precipitation had direct economic consequences. The area of Eastern Bohemia - belonging according to the irrigation index by M. Konček (1955) in hydrological year 1964 to the humid territory - yielded a very good crops of agricultural products. On the other hand, in hydrological year 1964 the semi-arid to arid area of Western Bohemia had suffered catastrophic draughts and yielded poor crops. Average produce of agricultural product by hectar in the district of Louny (Northwestern Bohemia) reached only one third to one half of the produce secured in the district of Hradec Králové (Eastern Bohemia).
Grounds for Tenure
Authors: Lalla Barbara
Published: November 2023

A gifted young scholar clings desperately to part-time employment at a Caribbean university. Then, a post opens up on an unknown offshore campus in Portmore, Jamaica. Into this harsh yet delicate terrain ventures Candace Clarke, bent on taking root in an academic world. As her relationship with her dysfunctional father grows more fraught, she draws comfort from her longstanding friend, Randall (a medievalist and would-be novelist), and she confides in him about her troubled past and bewildering present. Around her, insecurity and absurdity prompt malice, panic and redeeming wit. Alongside the lighter moments of college life, Grounds for Tenure discloses the diverse cravings of the ultra-smart and unexpectedly foolish, as well as their self-absorption and bottomless generosity. This tale of inner and outer landscapes marks a new departure in Caribbean fiction. Humorous, critical and compassionate, Barbara Lalla turns her keen gaze to the habitats for rising intellectuals in the Caribbean world of letters.
Evaluation of the Accuracy of Wood Drilling Resistance Measurement Method in Dendrochronological Studies
Authors:   Volga State University of Technology, Chernov Vasilii Yu. , Sharapov Evgenii S. , Gaisin Ilschat G.
Published: November 2023

One of the promising methods for determining physical and mechanical properties and structure of wood is the method based on the measurement of drilling resistance. Limitations of application of the method of measuring drilling resistance in dendrochronological studies are related to a number of factors that have a significant impact on the accuracy of determining the variation of physical and mechanical properties of wood within annual layers: the depth of drilling, its direction relative to the fibers, and the speed parameters of the drilling process. In order to assess the accuracy of measuring the radial growth of pine wood (Pinus sylvestris L.) with moisture content of 6–8 %, the ResistYX device and standard thin drill bits were used. On the basis of comparative analysis of radial wood growth determined by the optical method and the method of measuring resistance to drilling, it was found that in order to obtain accurate data on growth with a correlation coefficient greater than 0.7, it is recommended to measure no more than 17 annual layers on one sample, which corresponds to an average total width of annual layers of 36.6 mm. The influence of the main reasons for the decrease in the accuracy of radial growth determination by the drilling resistance measurement method was studied: geometrical parameters of the cutting part of a thin drill bit, deviation of the drilling direction from the specified one, impossibility of precise determination of the strictly radial drilling direction, wood flaws, as well as friction of the drill shank when the drilling depth increases. To increase the accuracy of the method of measuring drilling resistance in dendrochronological studies it is proposed to develop a method including the use of a special or newly developed tool for more accurate determination of the core and radial drilling of wood or round timber; to increase the rigidity of the thin drill bit; to provide the required fixation of the thin drill bit during its initial contact with wood and inside the device. Further studies in this direction will be associated with the assessment of measuring accuracy for the radial growth of coniferous wood by the feeding force for drill bit penetration. For citation: Chernov V.Yu., Sharapov E.S., Gaisin I.G. Evaluation of the Accuracy of Wood Drilling Resistance Measurement Method in Dendrochronological Studies. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2023, no. 5, pp. 135–150. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2023-5-135-150
Using Laser Perforation to Enhance Decorative Properties of Siberian Fir (Abies sibirica) Wood
Authors:   Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology, Eliseev Sergey G. , Ermolin Vladimir N. , Duk Danil V.
Published: November 2023

This paper presents research into the possibilities of using laser perforation to enhance the decorative properties of Siberian fir (Abies sibirica) wood. Fir wood is characterized by fairly modest physical and mechanical properties and featureless appearance, which is why it is in low demand. With enhanced decorative properties, fir wood could find its use in the production of finish materials. The literature review reveals that the existing wood dyeing technologies are not really effective for the hard-to-impregnate fir wood. Therefore, laser perforation was used to achieve higher wood impregnation and its controlled coloring to form the texture. The study also explored the features of dyeing laser-perforated fir wood, depending on the set parameters of impregnation and wood structure. To do so, the fir samples (with the size of 165×65×32 mm) were laser perforated to form slots up to 0.2 mm in diameter and 15 mm deep. Then the samples were impregnated in an autoclave. The set parameters were determined in accordance with the two-factor experiment schedule: the pressure standing at 0.2, 0.5 and 0.8 MPa, with the impregnation time of 30, 225 and 480 min. The study showed that when perforated wood is impregnated, the dyeing solution penetrates the laser-cut slots first and mainly spreads along the wood fibers. Depending on the impregnation time and pressure applied, the dye moves from the perforated slots along the wood fibers covering a distance of 10.9 mm to 24.6 mm. The dye does not spread as well across the fibers, only coloring a total width of 1.3 to 1.7 mm both ways from the slot depending on applied pressure and time of impregnation. It was found that, first and foremost, the set parameters affect the size of colored areas along the wood fibers and make little difference to lateral coloring in absolute values. Pressure applied to perforated wood during impregnation was determined to have the biggest impact on the size of colored areas. The study proves it possible to use the developed technology in forming artificial wood textures, including those that imitate valuable wood species. For citation: Eliseev S.G., Ermolin V.N., Duk D.V. Using Laser Perforation to Enhance Decorative Properties of Siberian Fir (Abies sibirica) Wood. Lesnoy Zhurnal = Russian Forestry Journal, 2023, no. 5, pp. 151–163. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.37482/0536-1036-2023-5-151-163
Liderazgo Transformacional en Escuelas y Colegios de Colombia
Authors: Luna Viana Jhon Ferney
Published: November 2023

Este ensayo tuvo como objetivo conocer aspectos claves del liderazgo transformacional en instituciones educativas colombianas, iniciando con una conceptualización, exponiendo en seguida los beneficios de este tipo de liderazgo para las instituciones educativas, destacando las características de un líder transformacional como son: influencia idealizada; se refiere a que sus seguidores se identifiquen con él, o en el caso de las instituciones educativas, que se identifiquen con la misión y visión que rige a cada institución; habilidad comunicativa; esta habilidad es sumamente importante, ya que, un buen líder debe tener la capacidad de llegarle a sus seguidores, transmitirles un mensaje claro, y convencerlos de seguir sus ideas, que a su vez inspire y motive; o en el caso de las instituciones educativas, convencerlos de seguir las normas y principios de la institución. Creatividad; es otra de las habilidades importantes, teniendo en cuenta que, a través de ella, se logra la solución de problemas que surgen en la cotidianidad y reconocimiento personal, referida a la importancia que tiene el darle visibilidad e importancia a los estilos de aprendizaje y necesidades de los seguidores, para lograr que estos se apropien de su propio proceso de aprendizaje y desarrollen el sentido de pertenencia por la institución a la cual pertenecen. Las anteriores características se analizan en cada uno de los miembros de la comunidad educativa como son: docentes directivos, docentes, estudiantes y padres de familia.
DEVELOPMENT OF KNOWLEDGE, PERCEPTIONS, AND PUBLIC ATTITUDES QUESTIONNAIRE FACING THE ERA OF COMPULSORY HALAL MEDICINE CERTIFICATION
Authors: Zuniarto Ahmad Azrul , Mahfudh Nurkhasanah , Perwitasari Dyah Aryani , Pandanwangi Siti
Published: November 2023

A questionnaire is an instrument used to collect data from several people or respondents through a set of questions to be answered. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire describe how well the preparation of the questionnaire was related to the measurement scale. Reliability indicates that the questionnaire is consistent when repeatedly used. This study aimed to obtain a valid and reliable questionnaire on community knowledge, perceptions, and attitudes toward halal drugs.  The reliability of the knowledge questionnaire, perceptions, and attitudes was defined using  Cronbach's alpha. This cross-sectional study was conducted online from January to February 2023, with 600 respondents in six provinces on Java Island. The knowledge questionnaire validation test used Point Biserial, perception, and attitude of using the Pearson Product Moment. The majority of respondents were aged <25 years (73%), the dominant last level of education was the secondary level (66.5%), and most of the jobs were students (38.7%). The r value of the knowledge domain obtained is (0.209-0.662) which was greater than the r table (0.080) and met the validity criteria, the perception domain (0.471-0.764), and the attitude domain (0.250-0.757) which is greater than the r table and satisfies the validity criteria. The Cronbach’s alpha value of the knowledge domain obtained was 0.730, that of the perception domain was 0.756, and that of the attitude domain was 0.723, which was > 0.6 and meets the reliability criteria...
How Bogs Made for Borderlands: The Eastern Low Countries, c. 670 – c. 1900
ce
Authors: PAULISSEN MAURICE , VAN BEEK ROY , HUIJBENS EDWARD H.
Published: November 2023

Scholars have radically turned away from the notion of ‘natural borders’ dictated by nature and now broadly agree that all borders are ‘artificial’ human constructs. However, there is a need to revisit environmental determinism in its nuances. We analyse the relation between distinct natural features and historical border development, using the notion of affordances and the example of raised bogs in the medieval and modern-period eastern Low Countries. For humans, bog landscapes in these periods functioned as both barriers and passageways through the spatiotemporal variability of these opposite affordances. At the scale of local settlement territories, large bog landscapes had the coercive agency to function as borderlands separating adjacent communities. Such coercion was absent on the larger spatial scale of princedoms. The growing economic importance of peat was a crucial driver for border demarcation at both scales from the late Middle Ages. Diplomatic risk calculation and path dependency explain the spatial concurrence and long persistence respectively of bog boundaries between successive polities.
SOFIA FEEDBACK Survey: The Pillars of Creation in [C ii] and Molecular Lines
Authors: Karim Ramsey L. , Pound Marc W. , Tielens Alexander G. G. M. , Tiwari Maitraiyee , Bonne Lars , Wolfire Mark G. , Schneider Nicola , Kavak Ümit , Mundy Lee G. , Simon Robert , Güsten Rolf , Stutzki Jürgen , Wyrowski Friedrich , Honingh Netty
Published: November 2023

We investigate the physical structure and conditions of photodissociation regions (PDRs) and molecular gas within the Pillars of Creation in the Eagle Nebula using SOFIA FEEDBACK observations of the [C ii] 158 μm line. These observations are velocity resolved to 0.5 km s−1 and are analyzed alongside a collection of complimentary data with similar spatial and spectral resolution: the [O i] 63 μm line, also observed with SOFIA, and rotational lines of CO, HCN, HCO+, CS, and N2H+. Using the superb spectral resolution of SOFIA, APEX, CARMA, and BIMA, we reveal the relationships between the warm PDR and cool molecular gas layers in context of the Pillars’ kinematic structure. We assemble a geometric picture of the Pillars and their surroundings informed by illumination patterns and kinematic relationships and derive physical conditions in the PDRs associated with the Pillars. We estimate an average molecular gas density

n

H

2

∼
1.3

×

10

5

cm−3 and an average atomic gas density n
H ∼ 1.8 × 104 cm−3 and infer that the ionized, atomic, and molecular phases are in pressure equilibrium if the atomic gas is magnetically supported. We find pillar masses of 103, 78, 103, and 18 M
⊙ for P1a, P1b, P2, and P3, respectively, and evaporation times of ∼1–2 Myr. The dense clumps at the tops of the pillars are currently supported by the magnetic field. Our analysis suggests that ambipolar diffusion is rapid and these clumps are likely to collapse within their photoevaporation timescales.
A Hale-like Cycle in the Solar Twin 18 Scorpii
Authors: do Nascimento J.-D. , Barnes S. A. , Saar S. H. , de Mello G. F. Porto , Hall J. C. , Anthony F. , de Almeida L. , Velloso E. N. , da Costa J. S. , Petit P. , Strugarek A. , Wargelin B. J. , Castro M. , Strassmeier K. G. , Brun A. S.
Published: November 2023

Characterizing the cyclic magnetic activity of stars that are close approximations of our Sun offers our best hope for understanding our Sun’s current and past magnetism, the space weather around solar-type stars, and more generally, the dynamos of other cool stars. The nearest current approximation to the Sun is the solar twin 18 Scorpii, a naked-eye Sun-like star of spectral type G2 Va. However, while 18 Scorpii’s physical parameters closely match those of the Sun, its activity cycle is about 7 yr, and shorter than the solar cycle. We report the measurement of a periodicity of 15 yr that corresponds to a longer activity cycle for 18 Scorpii based on observations extending to the last three decades. The global magnetic geometry of 18 Scorpii changes with this 15 yr cycle and appears to be equivalent to the solar 22 yr magnetic polarity cycle. These results suggest that 18 Scorpii is also a magnetic proxy for a younger Sun, adding an important new datum for testing dynamo theory and magnetic evolution of low-mass stars. The results perturb our understanding of the relationship between cycle and rotation, constrain the Sun’s magnetism and the Sun–Earth connection over the past billion years, and suggest that solar Schwabe and Hale cycle periods have increased over that time span.
Observations of the Chromospheric Evershed Flow of Sunspot Penumbra with the Application of the Self-organizing Map Technique
Authors: Romano P. , Schilliró F. , Falco M.
Published: November 2023

The sunspot penumbra is usually observed in the photosphere and it is of particular interest for its magnetoconvection, which seems to transport the heat from the top of the convection zone into the solar atmosphere. It is well known that the penumbra magnetic field extends into the upper layers of the solar atmosphere forming the so-called superpenumbra. Thanks to the application of the Self-organizing Map technique to a spectral data set containing monochromatic images acquired along the Ca ii 854.2 nm and Hα 656.28 nm lines, we were able to segment the penumbra and to measure the plasma velocity along the chromospheric portions of penumbral filaments. We found that the head, body, and tail of penumbral filaments show vertical flows compatible with the persistence of the Evershed flow. Instead, the inverse Evershed flow has been observed only in the outer portion of the superpenumbra. We found that two opposite Evershed regimes work next to each other, without overlapping, and both contribute to the downflow around sunspots. These results confirm the uncombed model of the sunspot penumbra and provide some hints that the downflow around sunspots may be ascribed to the magnetic field dragging the plasma down.
MOSEL Survey: JWST Reveals Major Mergers/strong Interactions Drive the Extreme Emission Lines in the Early Universe
Authors: Gupta Anshu , Jaiswar Ravi , Rodriguez-Gomez Vicente , Forrest Ben , Tran Kim-Vy , Nanayakkara Themiya , Harshan Anishya , da Cunha Elisabete , Kacprzak Glenn G. , Hirschmann Michaela
Published: November 2023

Extreme emission line galaxies (EELGs), where nebular emissions contribute 30%–40% of the flux in certain photometric bands, are ubiquitous in the early Universe (z > 6). We utilize deep NIRCam imaging from the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) to investigate the properties of companion galaxies (projected distance <40 kpc, ∣dv∣ < 10,000 km s−1) around EELGs at z ∼ 3. Tests with TNG100 simulation reveal that nearly all galaxies at z = 3 will merge with at least one companion galaxy selected using similar parameters by z = 0. The median mass ratio of the most massive companion and the total mass ratio of all companions around EELGs is more than 10 times higher the control sample. Even after comparing with a stellar mass and stellar mass plus specific star formation rate (SFR)-matched control sample, EELGs have 3 to 5 times higher mass ratios than the brightest companion and total mass ratio of all companions. Our measurements suggest that EELGs are more likely to be experiencing strong interactions or undergoing major mergers irrespective of their stellar mass or specific SFRs. We suspect that gas cooling induced by strong interactions and/or major mergers could be triggering the extreme emission lines, and the increased merger rate might be responsible for the overabundance of EELGs at z > 6.
JWST Measurements of 13C, 18O, and 17O in the Atmosphere of Super-Jupiter VHS 1256 b
Authors: Gandhi Siddharth , de Regt Sam , Snellen Ignas , Zhang Yapeng , Rugers Benson , van Leur Niels , Bosschaart Quincy
Published: November 2023

Isotope ratios have recently been measured in the atmospheres of directly imaged and transiting exoplanets from ground-based observations. The arrival of JWST allows us to characterize exoplanetary atmospheres in further detail and opens up wavelengths inaccessible from the ground. In this work we constrain the carbon and oxygen isotopes 13C, 18O, and 17O from CO in the atmosphere of the directly imaged companion VHS 1256 b through retrievals of the ∼4.1–5.3 μm NIRSpec G395H/F290LP observations from the early-release science program (ERS 1386). We detect and constrain 13C16O, 12C18O, and 12C17O at 32σ, 16σ, and 10σ confidence respectively, thanks to the very high signal-to-noise observations. We find the ratio of abundances are more precisely constrained than their absolute values, with

12

C

/

13

C
=

62

−
2

+
2

, in between previous measurements for companions (∼30) and isolated brown dwarfs (∼100). The oxygen isotope ratios are

16

O

/

18

O
=

425

−
28

+
33

and

16

O

/

17

O
=

1010

−
100

+
120

. All of the ratios are lower than the local interstellar medium and solar system, suggesting that abundances of the more minor isotopes are enhanced compared to the primary. This could be driven by isotope fractionation in protoplanetary disks, which can potentially alter the carbon and oxygen ratios through isotope selective photodissociation, gas/ice partitioning, and isotopic exchange reactions. In addition to CO, we constrain 1H

2

16

O

and 12C16O2 (the primary isotopologues of both species), but find only upper limits on 12C1H4 and 14N1H3. This work highlights the power of JWST to constrain isotopes in exoplanet atmospheres, with great promise in determining formation histories in the future.
Distribution of Neurofilament in Peeled Internal Limiting Membrane
Authors: Lee Sanghyup , You Dae Hyuk , Park Soojung , Oh Hyun Sub , Kwon Oh Woong
Published: November 2023

Background and Objective:

The aim was to study the distribution of neurofilament in peeled internal limiting membrane (ILM).

Patients and Methods:

Prospective case study. Vitrectomy and ILM peeling were performed in patients with epiretinal membrane and macular hole. ILM flap specimens were obtained as one disc area size from five locations. Immunofluorescent staining was performed with an antineurofilament heavy antibody. Using a confocal microscope, retinal cell debris density was studied using the ImageJ program.

Results:

Percent of stained neurofilament was 1.58 ± 1.14% in total (2.45 ± 1.37% in extranasal, 1.97 ± 0.75% in extratemporal, 1.93 ± 1.26% in juxta-nasal, 0.89 ± 0.69% in fovea, and 0.63 ± 0.46% in juxtatemporal). The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed significant differences among groups (
P
< 0.05). Bonferroni post hoc analysis only confirmed significant difference between juxtatemporal and extranasal groups (
P
< 0.05).

Conclusions:

In peeled ILM flap, neurofilaments are rarely detected in the juxtatemporal area. However, they are frequently detected in the extranasal area.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
2023;54:643–648.]
Some identities of degenerate multi-poly-Changhee polynomials and numbers
Authors: Yun Sang Jo , Park Sangbeom , Park Jin-Woo , Kwon Jongkyum
Published: November 2023

Recently, many researchers studied the degenerate multi-special polynomials as degenerate versions of the multi-special polynomials and obtained some identities and properties of the those polynomials. The aim of this paper was to introduce the degenerate multi-poly-Changhee polynomials arising from multiple logarithms and investigate some interesting identities and properties of these polynomials that determine the relationship between multi-poly-Changhee polynomials, the Stirling numbers of the second kind, degenerate Stirling numbers of the first kind and falling factorial sequences. In addition, we investigated the phenomenon of scattering the zeros of these polynomials.
Familial congenital ulnar drift/windblown hands: Case report in 4 successive generations
Authors: Wimalasiri K. G. K. M. , Dematawa P.
Published: November 2023

No abstract available
Plasma Cell Differentiation, Antibody Quality, and Initial Germinal Center B Cell Population Depend on Glucose Influx Rate
Authors: Brookens Shawna K , Cho Sung Hoon , Paik Yeeun , Meyer Kaylor , Raybuck Ariel L , Park Chloe , Greenwood Dalton L , Rathmell Jeffrey C , Boothby Mark R
Published: November 2023

Serum Ab concentrations, selection for higher affinity BCRs, and generation of higher Ab affinities are important elements of immune response optimization and functions of germinal center (GC) reactions. B cell proliferation requires nutrients to support the anabolism inherent in clonal expansion. Glucose usage by mouse GC B cells has been reported to contribute little to their energy needs, with questions raised as to whether glucose uptake or glycolysis increases in GC B cells compared with their naive precursors. Indeed, metabolism can be highly flexible, such that supply shortage along one pathway may be compensated by increased flux on others. We now show that reduction of the glucose transporter GLUT1 in mice after establishment of a preimmune B cell repertoire, even after initiation of the GC B cell gene expression program, decreased initial GC B cell population numbers, affinity maturation, and plasma cell outputs. Glucose oxidation was heightened in GC B cells, but this hexose flowed more into the pentose phosphate pathway, whose activity was important in controlling reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Ab-secreting cell production. In modeling how glucose usage by B cells promotes the Ab response, the control of ROS appeared insufficient. Surprisingly, the combination of galactose, which mitigated ROS, with provision of mannose, an efficient precursor to glycosylation, supported robust production of and normal Ab secretion by Ab-secreting cells under glucose-free conditions. Collectively, the findings indicate that GCs depend on normal glucose influx, especially in plasma cell production, but reveal an unexpected metabolic flexibility in hexose requirements.
Модулярное обобщение теоремы Бургейна-Конторовича
Authors: Kan Igor' Davidovich
Published: November 2023

В работе рассматривается множество $\mathfrak{D}^N_\mathbf{A}$,
состоящее из не превосходящих числа $N$ несократимых знаменателей
тех положительных рациональных чисел, меньших, чем $1$,
которые представимы конечными цепными дробями,
составленными из элементов множества $\mathbf{A}=\{1,2,4\}$.
В статье доказывается, что для любого простого числа $Q$,
не превосходящего $N^{2/3}$, множество $\mathfrak{D}^N_{\mathbf{A}}$
содержит почти все возможные остатки от деления на $Q$
и в остаточном слагаемом этой асимптотической формулы имеется
степенное понижение.
Библиография: 33 названия.
Predictors of Death in Rifampicin Resistant Tuberculosis Patients Treated with the Short Course in Conakry, Guinea
Authors: Bangoura Salifou Talassone , Diallo Boubacar Djelo , Diaby Maladho , Camara Alioune , Hounmenou Castro Gbêmêmali , Magassouba Aboubacar Sidiki , Kadio Kadio Jean-Jacques Olivier , Vanhems Philippe , Touré Abdoulaye , Khanafer Nagham
Published: November 2023

The emergence of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB) is a major issue for TB control programs due to high risk of treatment failure and death. The objective of this study was to describe survival and to determine predictors of death in RR-TB patients treated with the short regimen (9–11 months) in the Conakry TB treatment centers. Sociodemographic, clinical, and survival data were collected prospectively between 2016 and 2021 on RR-TB patients in the Department of Pneumo-Phtisiology, the Carrière and the Tombolia TB centers. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate the cumulative incidence of death of patients. The Cox regression model was used to identify the predictors independently associated with death. Of 869 patients, 164 (18.9%) patients died during treatment, 126 of them within 120 days of treatment initiation. The factors associated with death during treatment were as follows: patients treated in the Carrière TB center (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] = 1.65; 95% CI: 1.06–2.59) and in the Department of Pneumo-Phtisiology (aHR = 3.26; 95% CI: 2.10–5.07), patients ≥ 55 years old (aHR = 4.80; 95% CI: 2.81–8.19), patients with no history of first-line TB treatment (aHR = 1.51; 95% CI: 1.05–2.16), and patients living with HIV (aHR = 2.81; 95% CI: 1.94–4.07). The results of this study can help the national TB control program to reconsider its therapeutic strategy to improve patient care in case of RR-TB. Large prospective clinical studies should be conducted to provide evidence of the impact of such factors like previous history of TB treatment and HIV infection on survival of RR-TB patients.
Implementation and Outcomes of a Pilot Collaborative Surgical Hydrocele Training in Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Montes Kevin , Angoa Georgina , Bjerum Catherine M. , Guira Adama , Kouadio Olivier K. , Ouattara Allassane F. , Weil Gary J. , Fischer Peter U. , Meite Aboulaye , Koudou Benjamin G. , Budge Philip J.
Published: November 2023

Lymphatic filariasis (LF) is a neglected tropical disease that can cause hydrocele and its associated stigma, loss of economic productivity, and depression. Hydrocele surgery is an essential part of LF morbidity management but can be difficult for national programs to implement. To improve access to hydrocele surgeries in Côte d’Ivoire, we provided a WHO-certified surgical training for six surgical teams from five health districts in Côte d’Ivoire. We then evaluated the surgical outcomes and assessed the impact of hydrocele surgery on quality of life of hydrocelectomy patients. Preoperative and operative records were reviewed to describe baseline hydrocele characteristics and operative details. Postoperative interviews were conducted 4 to 6 months after surgical correction using a standardized questionnaire. Seventeen men underwent surgery during the training and were available for an interview at the 6-month visit. At the time of 6-month follow-up, 11/17 (64.7%) reported improvement in activities of daily living and reduction in difficulties with work, 8/17 (47.1%) reported an improved economic situation, 15/17 (88.2%) reported improved social interactions, and 15/16 (93.8%) reported improved sex life after surgical correction. Three patients (17.6%) had minor postoperative complications, but none required hospitalization. All 17 patients who were available for an interview were satisfied with their surgery. Surgical hydrocelectomy training in Côte d’Ivoire was well received and provided life-altering health improvements for participating patients across multiple domains of life. Support to scale up surgical capacity for this neglected problem is needed.
Prediction of Vibration Fatigue Life for Motorcycle Exhaust Systems
Authors: Michiue Masashi , Nishio Kenji , Sugiura Hiroshi , Kawasaki Takumi , Inamura Fumihide , Morikawa Manabu
Published: November 2023

In this study, the technology that can predict fatigue life for motorcycle exhaust systems is developed. To predict the fatigue life, analyzing the engine vibration, modeling the vibration characteristics of exhaust systems and evaluating the fatigue damage of welded joints are considered essential. This paper shows an integrated numerical simulation and evaluation method. Furthermore, it is also shown with the result of a component vibration test of the muffler assembly to validate the technology. The results indicate a good correlation between the numerical simulation and the test.
Radiation Noise Analysis for Electric Scooter Swing-arm
Authors: Sato Shunzi , Sunayama Yoshihiko , Sakamoto Yoshisada
Published: November 2023

Traditionally, a Boundary Element Method (BEM) is often used for a radiation noise analysis. In recent years, to define an infinite region, a Finite Element Method (FEM) that can use an infinite boundary condition has been developed. However, studies on the radiation noise analysis by the FEM are few.

Recently a number of an electric scooter has been increased. One of development issues is a radiation noise by a vibration of a wall surface of a swing-arm. In this paper, the vibration of the wall surface of the swing-arm is calculated, and a sound pressure level (SPL) of the radiation noise is calculated using a result of the frequency response analysis. And compare results of an experimental and an analytical sound pressure, its results were matched to within 5% error. Furthermore we used the method of this paper, proposed the model to reduce the radiation noise 10dB. Then we compare with the FEM and the BEM to verify the computation time and the mesh size.
Technology for distinctive handling performance of the newly developed Electric Vehicle
Authors: Ohbu Kazutoshi , Yamakawa Hiroshi , Hoshi Seiji , Kageyama Yusuke , Hisada Kouichi , Misawa Hideaki
Published: November 2023

Electric Vehicle distinctive techniques in order to enhance the vehicle dynamic performance have been studied and applied to Nissan LEAF. From the viewpoint of performance design parameters, this paper introduces the application items focusing on effectuality for the vehicle behavior by means of the yawing motion and the rolling motion control of its vehicle. As the result, the effects of vehicle performance are shown in experimental data.
Distribution Method of Front/Rear Wheel Side-Slip Angles and Left/Right Motor Torques for Range Extension Control System of Electric Vehicle on Curving Road
Authors: Sumiya Hayato , Fujimoto Hiroshi
Published: November 2023

In this paper, the range extension control system based on least square method is proposed for electric vehicles with in-wheel motors and front active steering. This proposed method distributes front and rear wheel side-slip angles and driving force difference between left and right motors from lateral force and yaw-moment. The proposed method enables to reduce driving resistance generated from front steering angle. In fact, the mileage per charge is extended up to 200 m/kWh. Simulations and experiments are carried out to confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method.