bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The family Bignoniaceae in Tunisia, first survey including new floristic records to North Africa with nomenclatural notes
Authors: Mokni Ridha El , Iamonico Duilio
Published: July 2024

Botanical surveys carried out during the last 13 years throughout central and northern Tunisia (North Africa) allow to find first national and continental N-African records of non-native taxa belonging to Bignoniaceae. The genera Catalpa, Podranea, and Tecomaria are new for N-Africa (Catalpa is new for the whole Africa). Tecomaria capensis is here considered as a naturalized alien species, whereas Campsis radicans, Catalpa bignonioides, Jacaranda mimosifolia, Podranea brycei, P. ricasoliana, and Tecoma stans are casuals. Distribution in Tunisia, phenology, and original photographs are provided for each species. A diagnostic key for Tunisian Bignoniaceae is also given. Moreover, the name Tecoma ricasoliana (basionym of Podranea ricasoliana) is lectotypified on a specimen preserved at K (isolectotypes at FI), whereas the holotype indication of the name Bignonia capensis (basionym of Tecomaria capensis), made in Flora of Tropical East Africa, is here corrected according to the Art. 9.10 of Shenzhen Code (lectotype at UPS; isolectotype, here reported for the first time, at LD).
Analysis of Public Budgets with a Gender Perspective in Higher Education
Authors: Macías Malena Elizabeth Pico , Amor-Almedina Mª Isabel , Osuna-Rodríguez Mercedes
Published: July 2024

Objective: This work focuses on analyzing the public budgets of Higher Education Institutions (IES) to determine the policies dedicated to gender equality and thus make these initiatives visible in the educational field of Ecuador.
 
Theoretical Framework: This study addresses the concepts and main theories on gender equality, policy criteria and public budget, allowing us to know the importance of this topic in higher education.
 
Method: Quantitative and descriptive study, based on the review and analysis of equity reports and budgets provided by the Official Registry of Ecuador. The sample is made up of 33 HEIs.
Results and Discussion: The contribution of the HEIs analyzed to the gender perspective does not exceed 10% of the total resources assigned to them by the state. The Amazon State University (UA) stands out as the HEI with the greatest participation. The results show the limited institutional commitment to prepare their budgets with a gender perspective.
 
Research Implications: The importance of the topic addressed is shown to raise awareness among institutions to participate in the implementation of public gender policy in their annual budgets detailing the use of each resource and the social impact of each of their programs.
 
Originality/Value: The originality of this study contributes to scientific literature, and to promoting research on the topic of study in the Ecuadorian educational field.
THE SHAPING POWER OF EU’S CONSTITUTIONALISM AND INSTITUTIONALISM IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
Authors: DUBARIU Diana Francesca
Published: July 2024

The aim of this paper is to examine whether the institutional and the constitutional development of the EU represents a milestone that can dictate a shift in the interactions of the international system. The instruments the EU holds form a heterogeneous system. By incorporating and placing them into a broader context one can determine: first, if the Union represents indeed a power that is functional in exercising influence within the international structure. The argument is that even if the Union is not a power in the traditional sense, it still possesses elements that make it able to exercise influence. This idea relies on the hypothesis that the Union’s ability to influence depends on its performance as a project, generating an attractive civilizational model. Second, one can conclude if the legal being of the EU does concretely shape the dynamics of international relations. The approach is to distance the European construction from the traditional paradigm of international relations and to prove its shaping power, by providing an introspective into its legal and constitutional existence, in the light of an emerging global order. In this academic endeavour, the central research methodology used is the secondary analysis of data.
SUPERSTATE EUROPE AND EUROPE OF NATIONS: POLARIZING CONCEPTUAL TRENDS IN EUROPEAN STUDIES
Authors: GRÜNHUT Zoltán
Published: July 2024

The paper introduces two emerging concepts of European Studies – Superstate Europe and Europe of nations. The two interpret the future of Europe in very different perspectives. While Superstate Europe envisions a political unification in which the supranational entity is becoming the main source of power, Europe of nations, on the contrary, tries to restore the member states’ sovereignties over the EU. Thus, both framings have explicit political contents, and neither of them can be considered exclusively academic. Of course, in the field of European Studies this is not unprecedented. Nonetheless, the emergence of two such rival ideas is symbolizing the political polarization of the EU, as well as the politicization of European Studies. In its first section, the paper describes the general logic, main points, and basic inner-linkages of Superstate Europe and Europe of nations, and then in the second part it identifies their positions in the conceptual space of European Studies. This latter effort tries to reveal the relatedness of these framings to other European integration theories. The main finding of this meta-analysis is that Superstate Europe is more embedded conceptually, and this helps to better explain or criticize certain aspects of the idea, while Europe of nations can be considered more original in the sense of reflecting on the previously unaddressed challenge of proposing a disintegration theory among many European integration theories.
A STUDY ON STATE AND SOCIETAL SECURITY DILEMMA: GREAT POWER DYNAMICS AND REGIONAL CHALLENGES IN THE WESTERN BALKANS
Authors: PANO Kristian , SHEHI Reina Zenelaj
Published: July 2024

The Russian invasion of Ukraine gave rise to discussions of hard power configurations in international politics and challenged peace statuses at a world level. Many countries revised their foreign policy strategies according to major power alliance. The global rhetoric shifted from cosmopolitanism to statism, survival and collective security systems. In the midst of a war, the WB states characterized from still high levels of corruption, flawed democracies and unresolved ethnic conflicts found themselves in rising insecurities. The study aims to address the following research questions: Has the Russia – Ukraine conflict caused a security dilemma in the Western Balkans region? To what extent would the security dilemma contribute to the intensity of ethnic disputes in the Western Balkans? The framework is primarily centered defensive realism as well as the security dilemma and its impact on regional conflicts. Anarchy, fear and misperception are the three variables used to measure state and societal security dilemma. The study concludes that states that do not belong to strong military alliances and organizations find it easier to find themselves in a security dilemma that could quickly escalate into an active conflict.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF „THE VIRTUOUS TRIANGLE” THROUGH THE RECOVERY AND RESILIENCE FACILITY: ROMANIA’S EXPERIENCE
Authors: TODERAȘ Nicolae , COSTĂCHESCU Alina
Published: July 2024

Over the past decade, the EU has notably reimagined the application of European funds to ensure they foster a conducive environment for coordinated investment stimulation, structured reform implementation, and the enforcement of responsible fiscal-budgetary policies. This framework, dubbed as the „virtuous triangle” by the European Commission (EC), has constructed an expansive conception of European public policy implementation over the past ten years. This case study delves into the application of the virtuous triangle approach via financial instruments crafted to counter the ramifications of the pandemic - specifically examining the Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF). The RRF employs the European Semester (ES) to bolster and predetermined control mechanisms and set national priority agendas. The study further explores the resulting initial wave of institutional effects on Member States (MS) and provides an overview of Romania’s experience in formulating the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP).
Theoretical foundations for the development of criteria for evaluating audience preferences in modern cinema
Authors: Shishkanov Andrey Ivanovich
Published: July 2024

The purpose of the article is to highlight the theoretical foundations for the development of criteria for evaluating audience preferences in modern cinema. The research methodology is based on theoretical analysis, synthesis and generalization of scientific sources on the research topic, and the comparative method. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the author highlights the theoretical foundations of the methodology of criteria and variables for assessing the success and demand of modern films as a foundation for testing and developing a questionnaire to identify audience preferences. As a conclusion, the authors states that there is a need to pay attention to the phenomena of audience choice (for example, the "certainty effect", etc.); "flow experience" within the stage of watching a movie for its emotional perception by the audience. Considering the issues of statistics, assessment of the potential commercial success of a film production and the complex of factors affecting it, it is advisable to cite D. Kahneman's position. This researcher provides an argument for the value of simple formulas for forecasting, operating with a low number of basic criteria. Thus, this author emphasizes the importance of formulas that provide equal weight for each predictive factor, which is due to their indifference to the randomness associated with the organization of the sample. In the context of the statistics of the film business sector, the corresponding hypothesis will look like this: a model for evaluating the future success of projects in certain genres is able to provide a higher level of reliability compared to models that ignore genre originality. Thus, in the study of methods for predicting the commercial success of films, carried out by A.S. Tatarnikov, the great reliability of the predictive model using information on paintings of certain genres of entertainment (in particular, adventure films, comedies, etc.) was confirmed.
Pedagogical Competences of Arabic Language Teachers at Madrasah Tsanawiyah in Pangkalpinang (Implementation and Obstacles)
Authors: Munawwaroh Ela Isnani , Sholihah Niswatush , Kholilullah Andi , Larhzizer Fouad
Published: July 2024

During observations at Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs) in Pangkalpinang, We found that there were still many students who had poor Arabic language skills. It makes us interested to know the pedagogical competence of the teacher at the school and also the obstacles he encountered in optimizing the application of the pedagogic competence he possesses because there are some studies that say that the pedagogy of teachers influences the learning outcome, motivation, and interest in learning Arabic students. This research aims to find out how the teacher's pedagogical competence is implemented in the following learning process with the obstacles encountered by the teacher in implementing such pedagogic competence. This research used a qualitative approach with descriptive methods. For data collection, the methods of interviews, documents and observations were used. For data analysis, the techniques invented by Miles and Huberman consist of the process of data reduction, presentation of data, and drawing conclusions. The results of research showed that teachers at Madrasah Tsanawiyah (MTs) in Pangkalpinang already have good pedagogical competence. However, in optimizing the application of their pedagogical competences, teachers face various barriers from both students, schools, environments, and learning time. This research provides information to future researchers. We hope that there will be further research into solutions that can be offered to overcome barriers to learning Arabic that come from students, schools, environments and the learning time provided.
PELATIHAN MICROSOFT OFFICE 365 DAN MICROSOFT TEAMS UNTUK MANAJEMEN KELAS DALAM PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH
Authors: Astuti Elly , Utomo Supri Wahyudi
Published: July 2024

Pembelajaran jarak jauh merupakan suatu kewajiban dalam masa pendemi covid 19. Guru ataupun pendidik lain dalam ruang lingkup yang lebih luas mulai mempertimbangkan penggunaan teknologi pembelajaran secara daring. Keseimbangan antara biaya dan manfaat tentu menjadi fokus utama, di samping komitmen lembaga pendidikannya untuk pemanfaatan teknologi pembelajaran daring tersebut. Microsoft merupakan salah satu perusahaan teknologi yang menawarkan aplikasi pembelajaran terintegrasi dalam Microsoft Classroom yang mengkombinasikan Microsoft Teams dengan Microsoft Office 365 Online. Semua aplikasi tersebut dapat dimanfaatkan secara gratis dengan syarat lembaga pendidikan memiliki website resmi pendidikan dengan domain ac.id ataupun sch.id. Namun demikian fasilitas ini belum diketahui secara luas oleh lingkungan akademisi di Indonesia. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan pengabdian untuk memperkenalkan aplikasi ini guna mendukung program pembelajaran jarak jauh yang semakin berkualitas.  Metode pelatihan dilakukan dengan demonstrasi dan penugasan mandiri terstruktur dengan jumlah peserta 98 dengan afiliasi institusi yang beragam. Hampir semua peserta merupakan pendidik dari jenjang TK sampai Perguruan Tinggi. Adapun analisis berdasarkan domisili institusi afiliasi, peserta pelatihan ini tersebar dari berbagai wilayah di Indonesia. Hasil pelatihan menunjukkan bahwa antusiasme peserta sangat tinggi terbukti dari pengerjaan tugas terstruktur secara mandiri dengan baik. Hasil rekap kuisioner menunjukkan bahwa peserta sangat tertarik dan merekomendasikan untuk pemanfaatan aplikasi Microsoft 365 pada institusinya
SOSIALISASI PERAN ORANG TUA DALAM PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI PEMBELAJARAN PADA KELOMPOK BELAJAR HARAPAN BUNDA KABUPATEN MADIUN
Authors: Styaningrum Farida , Sulistyowati Nur Wahyuning , Wihartanti Liana Vivin , Nuraina Elva , Nugrahaningtyas Andien , Ningrum Puspa Widya
Published: July 2024

Pembelajaran daring saat pandemi Covid-19 menuntut orang tua untuk dapat memanfaatkan teknologi khususnya handphone demi kelancaran proses pembelajaran. Orang tua peserta didik dari Kelompok Belajar (KB) Harapan Bunda di Desa Sambirejo Kabupaten Madiun mengalami kesulitan saat mendampingi anak dalam kegiatan pembelajaran daring pada masa pendemi Covid-19. Tim pengabdian masyarakat Universitas PGRI Madiun mengadakan sosialisasi kepada orang tua peserta didik di KB Harapan Bunda tentang pemanfaatan teknologi handphone untuk memperlancar pembelajaran daring selama Covid-19. Tahapan pelaksanaan pengabdian masyarakat yaitu persiapan, pelaksanaan, dan evaluasi. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat oleh tim pengabdian Universitas PGRI Madiun menunjukkan hasil sesuai harapan. Orang tua peserta didik berpartisipasi aktif selama kegiatan dan merasakan kebermanfaatan dari kegiatan. Pengetahuan orang tua meningkat tentang cara pemanfaatan teknologi khususnya handphone untuk pembelajaran daring selama pandemi Covid-19. Harapan selanjutnya akan ada kegiatan yang serupa untuk meningkatkan pembelajaran tidak hanya pada tingkat KB atau TK tetapi juga pada tingkat SD dan selanjutnya.
MEDIA KARTU BERGAMBAR: APAKAH BERPENGARUH TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR DALAM BERMAIN BOLA BASKET?
Authors: Hita I Putu Agus Dharma , Ayu Putri Lestari Nyoman , Sri Astika Dewi Made , Ignityas Prima Astuti Ni Made , Ridho Fatmawan Aditya
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan media kartu bergambar terhadap peningkatan keterampilan bermain bola basket pada anak-anak sekolah dasar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi literatur yang melibatkan tinjauan literatur terhadap penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya yang relevan dengan topik tersebut. Hasil tinjauan literatur menunjukkan adanya pengaruh positif penggunaan media kartu bergambar terhadap pemahaman teknik-teknik dasar bermain bola basket, peningkatan koordinasi motorik dan keterampilan gerakan tubuh, serta pemahaman taktik permainan dan aturan-aturan dalam bola basket pada anak-anak sekolah dasar. Temuan ini mendukung pentingnya pemanfaatan media kartu bergambar sebagai alat pembelajaran yang efektif dalam meningkatkan keterampilan bermain bola basket pada anak-anak. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pengembangan lebih lanjut dalam bentuk penelitian empiris untuk memperkuat dan mengonfirmasi temuan-temuan ini serta memberikan pedoman praktis bagi pendidik dan pelatih dalam mengimplementasikan media kartu bergambar dalam pembelajaran bola basket.
Photochemical C3-Amidation of Pyridines via Zincke Imine Intermediates
Authors: Szabo Kitti Franciska , Banachowicz Piotr , Powała Antoni , Funes Ardoiz Ignacio , Gryko Dorota
Published: July 2024

Selective skeletal and peripheral editing of the pyridine moiety broadly expanded the chemical space. While CH functionalizations at the positions C2 and C4 are enabled by the inherent reactivity of this heteroarene, selective derivatization at C3 has long posed a significant challenge. Recently, based on dearomatization-rearomatization sequence, involving Zincke imine intermediates, selective halogenation (-Br, -Cl, -I) and isotopic labelling was accomplished. Here, we report a mild and regioselective method for C3 amination that relies on the photochemical reaction of Zincke imine with an amidyl radical generated from N-aminopyridinium salts. Mechanistic and theoretical studies confirmed radical intermediates involved and explains C-3 regioselectivity of the reaction.
Fuzz testing molecular representation using deep variational anomaly generation
Authors: Nogueira Victor H. R. , Sharma Rishabh , Guido Rafael V. C. , Keiser Michael J.
Published: July 2024

As efforts to improve the robustness of molecular representations advance, so does the need for methods to test and validate them. We use a Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE), an unsupervised deep learning model, to generate anomalous samples of a well-known molecular string format called SELF-referencIng Embedded Strings (SELFIES). This exercise questions a fundamental SELFIES assumption -- that they are always valid when converted to another string representation, SMILES. Interestingly, we discover that specific regions in the VAE's latent space are particularly effective at generating SELFIES that defy this assumption. This organization of validity in the latent space, which proceeds continuously and radially, helps us better understand the factors affecting the molecular representation's reliability. We propose that the VAE and associated anomaly generation approach offer an effective tool for assessing the robustness of molecular representations. We also explore why some SELFIES strings (version 2.1.1) might be invalid and suggest changes to improve them, aiming to spark further discussion on molecular string representations.
pH-mediated Manipulation of the Histidine Brace in LPMOs and Generation of a Tri-anionic Variant, Investigated by EPR, ENDOR, ESEEM and HYSCORE Spectroscopy
Authors: Haak Julia , Golten Ole , Sørlie Morten , Eijsink Vincent , Cutsail III George
Published: July 2024

Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are enzymes that catalyze the oxidative depolymerization of polysaccharides through activation of strong C-H bonds. Their active site is composed of a copper ion that is coordinated by the so-called histidine brace, consisting of two histidine residues that coordinate the metal ion in a T-shaped arrangement. The unique structure of this motif and its suggested ability to generate and stabilize highly oxidizing intermediates has sparked considerable interest, leading to various hypotheses on its role for LPMOs and LPMO-inspired biomimetic complexes. To gain detailed insights into the electronic and geometric structure of the histidine brace and test its chemical variability, we have used advanced electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) techniques, in combination with isotopic labelling (15N, 2H) of the AA10 LPMO SmAA10A over a wide pH range (pH 4.0 - pH 12.5), in which the monocopper site remains intact and the protein does not exhibit permanent damage. Between pH 4 and 11.5, Electron Nuclear Double Resonance (ENDOR) spectroscopy identifies and discriminates between coordinating waters and hydroxo ions (pKa1 = 9.65) at an open-site of the histidine brace. Above pH 11.5, deprotonation of the two remote nitrogen nuclei of the coordinating imidazole moieties and of the coordinating N-terminal amine function was observed via ENDOR, Electron Spin Echo Envelope Modulation (ESEEM) and Hyperfine Sublevel Correlation (HYSCORE) spectroscopies. This is associated with major electronic changes in the histidine brace, including increased σ-donor capabilities of the imidazolates and an overall reduced interaction of the deprotonated amine function with the copper center. This observation highlights the possible larger role of the imidazole moieties, potentially stabilizing potent oxidants during turnover. The associated spectroscopic and electronic changes of the LPMO are discussed in reference with functional biomimetic complexes. The presented study demonstrates the application of advanced EPR techniques for a thorough characterization of the active site in LPMOs, which ultimately sets a foundation for and affords an outlook on future applications characterizing reaction intermediates.
Equilibrium and Non-equilibrium Ensemble Methods for Accurate, Precise and Reproducible Absolute Binding Free Energy Calculations
Authors: Bhati Agastya Prakash , Wan Shunzhou , Coveney Peter V.
Published: July 2024

Free energy calculations for protein-ligand complexes have become widespread in recent years owing to several conceptual, methodological and technological advances. Central among these is the use of ensemble methods which permits accurate, precise and reproducible predictions. Abso- lute binding free energies (ABFEs) are challenging to predict using alchemical methods and their routine application in drug discovery has remained out of reach until now. Here, we apply en- semble alchemical ABFE methods to a large dataset comprising 219 ligand-protein complexes and obtain statistically robust results with high accuracy (< 1 kcal/mol). We compare equilibrium and non-equilibrium methods for ABFE predictions at large scale and provide a systematic critical as- sessment of each method. The equilibrium method is more accurate, precise, faster, computationally more cost-effective and requires a much simpler protocol, making it preferable for large scale and blind applications. We find that the calculated free energy distributions are non-normal and discuss the consequences. We recommend a definitive protocol to perform ABFE calculations optimally. Using this protocol, it is possible to perform thousands of ABFE calculations within a few hours on modern exascale machines.
Transient chromatin decompaction at the start ofD. melanogastermale embryonic germline development
Authors: Li Yi-Ru , Ling Li Bin , Chao Angel , Fugmann Sebastian D , Yang Shu Yuan
Published: July 2024

Embryonic germ cells develop rapidly to establish the foundation for future developmental trajectories, and in this process, they make critical lineage choices including the configuration of their unique identity and a decision on sex. Here, we use single-cell genomics patterns for the entire embryonic germline inDrosophila melanogasteralong with the somatic gonadal precursors after embryonic gonad coalescence to investigate molecular mechanisms involved in the setting up and regulation of the germline program. Profiling of the early germline chromatin landscape revealed sex- and stage-specific features. In the male germline immediately after zygotic activation, the chromatin structure underwent a brief remodeling phase during which nucleosome density was lower and deconcentrated from promoter regions. These findings echoed enrichment analysis results of our genomics data in which top candidates were factors with the ability to mediate large-scale chromatin reorganization. Together, they point to the importance of chromatin regulation in the early germline and raise the possibility of a conserved epigenetic reprogramming-like process required for proper initiation of germline development.
Dual-localized PPTC7 limits mitophagy through proximal and dynamic interactions with BNIP3 and NIX
Authors: Wei Lianjie , Gok Mehmet Oguz , Svoboda Jordyn D , Kozul Keri-Lyn , Forny Merima , Friedman Jonathan R , Niemi Natalie M
Published: July 2024

PPTC7 is a mitochondrial-localized phosphatase that suppresses BNIP3- and NIX-mediated mitophagy, but the mechanisms underlying this regulation remain ill-defined. Here, we demonstrate that loss of PPTC7 upregulates BNIP3 and NIX post-transcriptionally and independent of HIF-1α stabilization. Loss of PPTC7 prolongs the half-life of BNIP3 and NIX while blunting their accumulation in response to proteasomal inhibition, suggesting that PPTC7 promotes the ubiquitin-mediated turnover of BNIP3 and NIX. Consistently, overexpression of PPTC7 limits the accumulation of BNIP3 and NIX protein levels, which requires an intact catalytic motif but is surprisingly independent of its targeting to mitochondria. Consistently, we find that PPTC7 is dual-localized to the outer mitochondrial membrane and the matrix. Importantly, anchoring PPTC7 to the outer mitochondrial membrane is sufficient to blunt BNIP3 and NIX accumulation, and proximity labeling and fluorescence co-localization experiments demonstrate that PPTC7 dynamically associates with BNIP3 and NIX within the native cellular environment. Collectively, these data reveal that a fraction of PPTC7 localizes to the outer mitochondrial membrane to promote the proteasomal turnover of BNIP3 and NIX, limiting basal mitophagy.
Problems of monolithy of morality and religion
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Agayeva Ziba
Published: July 2024

The article focuses on the analysis of the relationship between morality and religion, considers the views of individual thinkers on specific features in considering the relationship between morality and religion, and considers religion as a source of moral values. It is concluded that even philosophers who studied morality and religion separately, eventually came to consider their unity, solidity. The article also analyzes the influence of morality and religion on each other. In the article, in the same perspective, the issues of the relationship between reason and faith are considered; being a form of public consciousness, the essence of the inextricable connection between these two concepts is revealed. It is concluded that established knowledge forms a rational view of the world around. At the same time, a person learns the world with the help of the surrounding world. From this point of view, faith has a branched character and, in general, is a connecting link between a person and society. In essence, faith stands above the person himself and is manifested in the existence of moral values. Man lives and creates not only for himself; he does it for the sake of others. This is the meaning of life from the point of view of faith.
Discourse of Ethnic and Religious Minorities in Modern Pakistan
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Kanafyeva Shynar
Published: July 2024

This study examines the Pakistani state’s policy towards religious minorities and some criteria for identifying ethnic groups. The study revealed the characteristics of perceptions of religious minorities and ethnic groups as dynamic, processual, relational, contextual, situational and intersectional. By analyzing the censuses and their indicators, Pakistan's legal framework for religious minorities, their geographical location is revealed. Much attention is paid to the 2017 census, which has raised issues regarding the size of religious minorities. The article cites several important differences in numbers, origins, legitimacy, and social status among religious minorities. This article is based on field research in cities of Pakistan such as Lahore, Peshawar, and Islamabad, where focus group interviews were conducted with professors at the Pakistan Study Center, University of Peshawar, and a semi-structured interview with Iqbal Kaiser, Director of the Punjabi Khoj Garh Research Center.Thus, the purpose of this study was to reveal Pakistan’s policy towards religious minorities and ethnic groups in the context of the legal framework. The study of the legislative framework and overt policies of the Pakistani administration as well as analyzing the status of religious minorities were the main objectives of this study. On the basis of historiographical analysis and comparative-historical discourse method, the emergence of the category and problem of religious minorities in the context of concepts of nation-state, democracy and international politics is assessed.
HOW TO MAKE AN ENTREPRENEURIAL STATE: WHY INNOVATION NEEDS BUREAUCRACY
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Deligoz Halil
Published: July 2024

How to Make an Entrepreneurial State: Why Innovation Needs Bureaucracy by Rainer Kattel, Wolfgang Drechsler and Erkki Karo offers an analytical approach to creating successfull “innovation bureaucracies” with a wealth of examplary policies, practices and institutions observed throughout the post-Second World War era. The book defines a quality of “agile stability” for the public sectors to create in order to solve next generation problems. As its title speaks, its main argument is: “innovation needs bureaucracy.” Therefore, the authors give a detailed account on how public institutions create, do (perform), fund, intermediate, and rule (administer/coordinate). It is a reference source for students, scientists, practitioners, and anyone, who care for innovating successfully and developing prosperous societies while facing tomorrow’s challenges.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF INITIAL ESTIMATES AND FINAL OUTCOMES IN GLOBAL VS. LOCAL PROJECTS: SURVEY ANALYSIS
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Sarsembiyev Zhanbolat
Published: July 2024

This study examines the differences between the initial project estimates and the final outcomes in both global and local projects, specifically focusing on Kazakhstan. The goal of this research is to address this gap in existing research by comparing the initial estimates and the final deliverables in global and local projects. The study used a survey methodology to collect data from project managers with experience in both global and local projects.Significant differences were found in project management challenges and outcomes: global projects are more prone to cost overruns, schedule delays, and adverse impacts from scope changes compared to local projects. These findings highlight the complexity of managing global projects, emphasizing the need for enhanced planning, risk management, and communication strategies.The methodology involved distributing a detailed questionnaire via Google Forms in Russian and English, targeting professionals through various online platforms. Statistical analysis of the quantitative data and thematic analysis of qualitative responses provided a comprehensive view of the project management landscape.The key findings indicate that global projects encounter more challenges in sticking to their budgets and schedules and that changes in scope have a particularly strong negative impact. This research adds valuable insights that can help in developing customized project management practices for global settings. Future studies could broaden the scope to include various industries and regions in order to improve best practices for achieving project success on both a global and local level.
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF IMPLEMENTING QUALITY EDUCATION IN GHANA, WEST AFRICA THROUGH THE USE OF CAREER GUIDANCE MOBILE APPLICATION
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Boampong Evans
Published: July 2024

This study explores the Ghanaian education career choice model by examining the career decisions of secondary school students. Utilizing field research, SWOT analysis, inspection, and market research, the study aims to offer recommendations for improving the Ghanaian educational system. The research spans articles published between 2000 and 2022. The study focuses on supporting secondary school students (ages 13–17) in developing their skills and finding fulfilling careers by providing necessary information and resources. The objective is to evaluate the Ghanaian educational system, identify challenges and limitations affecting its quality, and propose actionable recommendations to address these issues. Ghana’s educational landscape has evolved significantly since the pre-colonial era. Despite reforms aimed at enhancing the quality of life, the anticipated improvements in education quality remain elusive. The study highlights the potential of an intuitive mobile application for career guidance, enabling students to seek career advice, consult professional counselors, and persuade their parents to support their career choices. Findings on how the Ghanaian education system influences students' career decisions are detailed.
DOES CURRENCY VOLATILITY AFFECT NON-PERFORMING LOANS? EVIDENCE FROM THE TURKISH BANKING SECTOR
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Sezal Levent
Published: July 2024

This study aims to econometrically investigate the relationship between non-performing loans and Euro and USD indices in Turkey. The data set of the study consists of the Turkish banking sector non-performing loan ratio and Euro and American Dollar (USD) indices variables for the period 01/2003-09/2023. Time series analyses were used to test the relationship between the variables. Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron (PP) unit root tests were applied to the data. Since the series became stationary at different levels, the ARDL (Autoregressive Distributed Lag Bound Test) test, one of the cointegration tests, was applied. Afterward, whether there is causality between the variables and if there is a causality relationship, the determination of the direction of causality is mutually tested with the “Granger Causality” method. According to the results of the research, a cointegration relationship was found between the non-performing loan ratios of the Turkish banking system and the Euro and USD indices. In the long run, it is concluded that a 1% increase in the Euro index is associated with a 2.93% decrease in non-performing loan ratios. On the other hand, in the short run, Euro and USD index values have no effect on non-performing loan ratios. According to the results of the Granger causality test, a unidirectional Granger causality relationship was detected between non-performing loan ratios and the Euro index. A similar unidirectional causality relationship was also found between the Euro index and the USD index.
ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND THE NIGERIAN ECONOMY
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Omotayo Vincent , Adeyinka Adewole , KADIRI Kayode , VINCENT ATTAH
Published: July 2024

Entrepreneurship is widely recognized as a key driver of economic growth, wealth creation, and improved living standards in modern economies. However, in Nigeria, its potential to drive development has not been fully realized. This study investigates the impact of entrepreneurship on economic development in Nigeria using annual time series data from 1992 to 2022 and employing ARDL techniques. Self-employment rates were used as a proxy for entrepreneurship, while the contribution of SMEs, private sector credit, and inflation rate were also considered in the model, with the human development index representing economic development. The findings suggest that while the short-term impact of self-employment rates on economic development is positive yet insignificant, its long-term impact is significant. Similarly, the contributions of SMEs and private sector credit are positive but insignificant in the long run, while the inflation rate shows an inverse relationship. These results underscore the need for governments and monetary authorities to formulate and implement effective economic policies that promote entrepreneurship, taking into account macroeconomic variables. Financial institutions, particularly deposit money banks, should also support entrepreneurship by providing start-up funds at reduced or concessionary rates.
BASIC PRINCIPLES AND APPROACHES TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF MIGRATION POLICY OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Aldabergenov Daniyar , Tilekova Zhanna , Aksoy Bülent , Issakov Yerlan
Published: July 2024

For Kazakhstan, migration policy - in terms of managing internal and international migration flows - has always been an important element of public service. Focusing on state interests, this policy is a complex socio-economic phenomenon that is directly and indirectly related to all aspects of social life. Thus, the migration process is a new impetus for development in the international arena and an important direction for the world economy. The purpose of this study was to determine the main principles and approaches to the development of migration policy of Kazakhstan. The study used the methods of analysis, differentiation, systematisation. As a result of the study, three main stages of migration policy development in the history of Kazakhstan were identified. The first stage (1991-2000) is characterised by the deterioration of the country's socio-economic situation due to the destruction of the Soviet Union and the change of the administrative system; the second stage (2001-2010) is characterised by economic growth, dynamic socio-political changes and reforms; the third stage (2011-2022) is characterised by special conditions of globalisation, which reveals the dominant influence of external social and socio-economic factors. Thus, the main principles and approaches to the development of migration policy in Kazakhstan ensure the state-wide priorities in the field of demographic, economic, social, political and cultural development and allow for the effective implementation of legislation, regulation and management of migration processes.
9 Aptitudes and 7 excellences of media and information literacy for public good: A purpose-driven and critical feflection
Authors: Grizzle Alton
Published: July 2024

This paper argues for media and information literacy (MIL) as a public good. When nations and peoples are informed, media and information literate, engaged, and empowered, information as a public good becomes possible and sustainable. However, for people to be empowered with media and information literacy, media and information literacy itself must be a public good. In this paper, the author shares what was in his mind and heart when the 5 Laws of Media and Information Literacy were articulated and invites partners around the world to pour into this container intended to stimulate a melting pot of knowledge. For the first time, using the proposed 9 Aptitudes and 7 Excellences of Media and Information Literacy, this paper buttresses the argument that media and information literacy is a public good and must be deployed for the public good. It is a way for people to guard their minds and hearts.
Opportunistic media and information literacy: A case study of the implementation of E-Commerce in the food retail sector in Italy
Authors: Fontefrancesco Michele Filippo
Published: July 2024

Based on a case study conducted in Italy in 2021, this case study examines the process of media and information literacy (MIL) in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on the transformation of entrepreneurial culture among practitioners. It focuses on the transformation of the food retail sector that occurred during the first and second coronavirus lockdowns in Bra, a city in northwest Italy famous for its food culture. By examining the pattern related to the use of digital resources in the city food retail sector, this study shows that the acquisition of MIL in the spring of 2020 did not lead to a structural change in the local firms’ entrepreneurial culture. Thus, this longitudinal analysis shows an opportunistic approach toward MIL that contextualized it as a resource only for emergencies. Thus, it clarifies the aspects of the entrepreneurial culture that delay deeper implementation and understanding of MIL.
Pengaruh Ketersediaan Koleksi Terhadap Pemanfaatan Perpustakaan oleh Mahasiswa Program Pascasarjana Universitas Diponegoro
Authors: Wijaya Galih Putri , Ahlis Ahmad
Published: July 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh perpustakaan tinggi yang dimaknai sebagai pusat penelitian karena banyak menyediakan informasi yang berkaitan dengan sarana pendukung dalam proses penelitian, selaras dengan kegiatan perpustakaan perguruan tinggi. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian study kasus, sedangkan analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu analisis miles dan Huberman. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini adalah suatu perpustakaan akan dianggap berhasil apabila perpustakaan tersebut sering dikunjungi oleh penggunanya, mengetahui seberapa pengaruh ketersediaan koleksi terhadap pemenfaatan perpustakaan oleh mahasiswa Program Pascasarjana Universitas Diponegoro, Perpustakaan Program Pascasarjana menyediakan koleksi sebanyak 5.706 eksemplar yang digunakan oleh mahasiswa sebanyak 4.215 pada 35 program studi dengantingkat kunjungan berbeda-beda dalam lima tahun terakhir, penurunan kunjungan perpustakaan pada tahun 2010 dibandingkandengan tahun 2009, jumlah koleksi Perpustakaan Program Pascasarjana tidak sesuai dengan Pedoman Penyelenggaraan Koleksi Perpustakaan Perguruan Tinggi yang sudah ditetapkan.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of higher libraries, which are interpreted as research centers because they provide a lot of information related to supporting facilities in the research process, in line with university library activities. The method used is qualitative with the type of case study research, while the data analysis used in this study is the analysis of Miles and Huberman. The results obtained from this research are that a library will be considered successful if the library is frequently visited by its users, knowing how much influence the availability of collections has on library utilization by Diponegoro University Postgraduate Program students, the Postgraduate Program Library provides a collection of 5,706 exemplars used by 4,215 students in 35 study programs with different levels of visits in the last five years, the decline in library visits in 2010 compared to 2009, the number of collections of Postgraduate Program Libraries is not by the established Guidelines for Organizing College Library Collections
Self Efficacy, Self Esteem, Dukungan Sosial Terhadap Resiliensi Dengan Optimisme Sebagai Variabel Intervening Pada Pelaku Usaha (UMKM) Yang Terkena Pemberlakuan PPKM
Authors: Lianasari Lianasari , Widiastuti Hardhani , Nusandari Arumwardhani
Published: July 2024

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of self-efficacy, self-esteem and social support on resilience with optimism as a mediation (intervening) for UMKM entrepreneurs affected by the implementation of PPKM due to Covid-19. The hypothesis proposed in this study is that there is an influence between self-efficacy, self-esteem, social support on resilience and optimism is a mediation. The subjects in this study amounted to 90   subjects who were MSME entrepreneurs. The sampling technique used is non-random incidental (incidental sampling).

  The research data was collected using five scales, namely the resilience scale, self-efficacy scale, self-esteem scale, social support scale, optimism scale and resilience scale. Data analysis was performed using SEM-PLS analysis with WarpPLS 7.0. The results showed that self-efficacy had an effect on resilience with a correlation coefficient of 0.18 with P=0.04 (<0.05), self-efficacy had an effect on optimism with a correlation coefficient of 0.077 (P<0.01). Optimism affects resilience with a correlation coefficient of 0.59 (P< 0.01). Self esteem has no effect on resilience (P>0.44) . Social support has no effect on resilience (P>0.34) so that optimism fully mediates self-esteem and social support on resilience and optimism partially mediates self-efficacy on resilience.

Keywords : self efficacy, self esteem, social support, optimisme and resilience

  
STRATEGI PENINGKATAN INVESTASI PENANAM MODAL ASING DAN DALAM NEGERI DI JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Atria Noviani Nindy , Indarto Indarto , Wardoyo Paulus
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan studi mengenai strategi yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Tengah dalam meningkatkan investasi oleh Penanam Modal Asing (PMA) dan Penanam Modal Dalam negeri (PMDN) di Provinsi Jawa Tengah dengan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi dan dokumentasi/arsip. Teknik analisis data meliputi reduksi data kemudian penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat faktor penarik dan pendorong investor dalam berinvestasi, yakni adanya regulasi dan kebijakan pemerintah yang berlaku baik di Indonesia maupun di Jawa Tengah yang mengatur tentang kegiatan Penanaman Modal, yang didalamnya juga termasuk aturan mengenai ketenagakerjaan bagi Penanam Modal Asing (PMA) dan Penanam Modal Dalam negeri (PMDN). Model strategi yang digunakan Pemerintah Provinsi Jawa Tengah dalam menarik minat investor yang masuk ke Jawa Tengah yaitu melalui pola persebaran penanaman modal yang kemudian dipromosikan melalui strategi teknologi yakni melalui aplikasi Central Java Investment Platform (CJIP), strategi inovasi melalui kegiatan Central Java Investment Business Forum (CJIBF) dan strategi organisasi melalui rencana program yang dilakukan DPMPTSP dalam berkontribusi untuk peningkatan investasi Penanam Modal Asing (PMA) dan Penanam Modal Dalam negeri (PMDN) di Jawa Tengah.
Incidencia del uso de las TIC en la enseñanza aprendizaje del idioma inglés en estudiantes de bachillerato General Unificado
Authors: Murillo Camacho German Arturo , Rosales Sánchez Raquel Esther
Published: July 2024

El artículo examina la incidencia del uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) en el aprendizaje del idioma inglés en estudiantes de bachillerato en Ecuador. Se destaca la relevancia del aprendizaje invisible, resaltando el énfasis en el aprendizaje a través del juego y las TIC como herramientas valiosas y motivadoras en las aulas. Los resultados estadísticos muestran una relación positiva entre el uso de las TIC y el aprendizaje del inglés, respaldando la importancia del dominio docente del idioma y el uso efectivo de las TIC como estrategias de enseñanza. Además, se enfatiza la incidencia positiva de las TIC en la educación virtual del bachillerato, aunque se identifican desafíos como la falta de políticas definidas y las brechas de acceso entre colegios públicos y privados. Se recomienda reforzar la capacitación docente y generar un debate sobre el uso de datos personales de los estudiantes en el contexto de la digitalización educativa.