bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
أتخاذ القرارات الأدارية لتحديد المعايير المعتمدة في التخصيص باستعمال عملية التحليل الهرمي – دراسة تطبيقية في مستشفى الإمام الحسين في ذي قار
Authors: Attia Noor , العامري صالح , لايذ واثق
Published: July 2023

تعد عملية اتخاذ القرارات جوهر العملية الإدارية ووسيلتها في تحقيق أهداف المنظمات الخدمية او الانتاجية وذلك لأن القرار يسهم بشكل أساسي في تمكينها من مزاولة أنشطتها الإدارية بكفاءة وفاعلية، وأن اتخاذ القرار الصحيح لتحديد أهم المعايير الستخدمة في عملية التخصيص وكذلك تحديد أهميتها النسبية باستخدام طرائق علمية وكمية ستساعد بوضع الشخص المناسب في المكان المناسب بكل شفافية وحيادية. ان اغلب متخذي القرار في الإدارات العليا للمؤسسات الخدمية او الإنتاجية يعتمدون على الخبرة الذاتية في عمليه اتخاذ القرارات الإدارية لشغل المناصب الإدارية لمؤسساتهم، وبالتالي يتم هدر الإمكانيات المادية والبشرية لهذه المؤسسات وكذلك ضياع فرصة تطوير أداء هذه المؤسسات مما ينعكس على مستوى جودة الخدمات المقدمة للمواطنين.تم اعتماد معياريين رئيسين في تخصيص رؤساء الأقسام في مستشفى الامام الحسين التعليمي هما رغبه متخذي القرار في الإدارات العليا باختيار الموظف الذي سيشغل المنصب الإداري ويتكون هذا المعيار من خمسة معايير ثانوية هي (المؤهل العلمي، التخصص، الخبرة الأدارية، الخبرة الوظيفية، الفئة العمرية)، أما المعيار الاخر فهو رغبه الموظف في شغل المنصب الإداري ويتكون هذا المعيار من أربعة معايير ثانوية هي ( العائد الأقتصادي، العائد الأجتماعي، العائد الأداري، العائد العلمي). كما تم جمع البيانات باستخدام أستمارة الأستبيان وبجزئين أحداهما يخص متخذي القرار والجزء الأخر يخص رغبة الموظف ثم تم تحليل نتائج هذه الاستمارات باستخدام عملية التحليل الهرمي وتبين من النتائج أن معيار التخصص والخبرة الأدارية هما الاكثر أهمية للمعيار الرئيسي الأول بينما معيار العائد العلمي هو الاكثر أهمية للمعيار الرئيسي الثاني.
مقارنة بين نماذج السلاسل الزمنية الخطية وتقنيات تنقيب البيانات للتنبؤ بتلوث الهواء في مدينة بغداد
Authors: محمد نشأت , جبار احمد
Published: July 2023

يعتبر الاهتمام بالبيئة احد الاولويات المهمة في البلدان المختلفة ، ويشكل التلوث البيئي اهم مصدر لتهديد البيئة حيث وصلت مستويات التلوث في جوانب البيئة المائية والجوية والارضية الى حدود خطيرة مما استدعى اهتمام الباحثين في مختلف العلوم للاهتمام بالابحاث التي من شانها تقليل تلك المسببات ومراقبتها وتقليل نسبها ضمن الحدود المسموحة باستمرار. يعتبر تلوث الجو والهواء احد المخاطر الرئيسة في التلوث البيئي والتي لها تاثيرات مباشرة على حياة الانسان تمثلت بارتفاع درجة حرارة الارض وتاكل طبقة الاوزون بسبب انبعات الغازات الخطير مباشرة الى الجو واهمهما غازي ثنائي أوكسيد النتروجين (NO2) وثنائي أوكسيد الكبريت (SO2).في هذا البحث تم توظيف نماذجة السلاسل الزمنية متمثلة بنماذج الانحدار الذاتي الاوساط المتحركة المتكاملة Auto Regressive Integrated Moving Average و أنموذج متجه الانحدار الذاتي Vector Auto Regressive وطرائق تنقيب البيانات متمثلة بخوارزميات الشبكات العصبية . اذ تضمن البحث الملوثين ثنائي أوكسيد النتروجين (NO2) وثنائي أوكسيد الكبريت (SO2) في مدينة بغداد للمدة (2015-2017) وبمعدل اسبوعي 157 مشاهدة.وتوصل البحث الى تفوق خوارزميات الشبكات العصبية على نماذج متجه الانحدار الذاتي و الانحدار الذاتي الاوساط المتحركة المتكاملة. كذلك تفوق نماذج متجه الانحدار الذاتي على نماذج الانحدار الذاتي الاوساط المتحركة المتكاملة.
الحالة التغذوية لأطفال العراق الاقل من 5 سنوات لعام 2018
Authors: حسين محمد
Published: July 2023

في هذا البحث تم تحليل البيانات الخاصة بالمسح العنقودي المتعدد المؤشرات الرابع MICS-6 والذي تم تنفيذه وانجازه في العراق عام 2018 من اجل تقييم الحالة التغذوية لأطفال العراق بعمر 0-59.9 شهر. تم حساب الدرجة المعيارية لمؤشرات الحالة التغذوية المتعمدة من قبل الصحة العالمية وهي مؤشر الوزن حسب العمر WAZ و مؤشر الطول حسب العمر HAZ ومؤشركتلة الجسم BMI وعلى مستوى النوع والمحافظة والمنطقة . وتبين من النتائج ان بحدود % 4 من الاطفال يعانون من نقص في الوزن . وان 11 % يعانون من التقزم. وان بحدود % 21 من اطفال العراق تحت سن 5 سنوات لديهم زيادة في الوزن. وبمقارنة النتائج التي تم الحصول عليها من MICS-6 مع النتائج التي تم الحصول عليها من MICS-4 نجد ان هنالك تحسن في الحالة التغذوية لأطفال العراق فيما يخص الوزن لكن فيما الطول نجد ان هنالك زيادة في نسبة الأطفال الذين يعانون من التقزم وبحدود % 4.
الحالة التغذوية لأطفال العراق الاقل من 5 سنوات لعام 2018
Authors: الوكيل رند , حمزه سعد
Published: July 2023

يستعمل اسلوب الانحدار في قياس العلاقة بين متغيرين على هيئة دالة، للعلاقة بين متغير تابع والذي يرتبط بمتغير او متغيرات توضيحية وفي هذا البحث تم توضيح انموذج الانحدار الخطي الجزئي شبة المعلمي الذي دمج بين انموذج الانحدار المعلمي وانموذج الانحدار اللامعلمي والذي لاقه قبولاً واسعاً في الكثير من الدراسات حيث تم استعمال طرائق تقدير مطوره لتقديرانموذج الانحدار الخطي الجزئي شبة المعلمي مع فقدان في بعض مشاهدات في متغير توضيحي في الجزء المعلمي والمتمثلة بطريقة معايرة الانموذج MCM بالاضافة الى طريقة المقترحة MCBEM وتم اجراء اسلوب المحاكاة باستعمال ثلاث احجام (n=60,90,120) واستعمال ثلاث قيم افتراضية للتباين σ^2=(1.5,1,0.5) وقد تم التوصل الى ان طريقة المقترحة MCBEM اعطت نتائج اكثر دقة وذات اداء جيد عند التقدير .
استخدام التحليل اللامعلمي لتقدير دالة المعولية لتوزيع ويبل
Authors: الشمرتي حامد , الحسني رائد
Published: July 2023

مع التزايد الواسع في الصناعة وازدياد التعقيدات الميكانيكية والإليكترونية ازداد الاهتمام بدراسة المعولية وطرائق تقديرها ومنها الطرائق اللامعلمية، لذلك فأن هذا البحث يهدف الى تقدير معولية النظام المعقد المكون من عدد كبير من المكونات بطريقه لامعلمية من مصفوفة الاحتمالات الانتقالية. إذ تم استعمال التحليل العنقودي لتقدير مصفوفة الاحتمالات الانتقالية للعملية التصادفية التي تمثل النظام المعقد المدروس ثم إيجاد التوزيع المستقر لهذه المصفوفة وبعدها يتم حساب معولية النظام المعقد. تم استعمال أسلوب المحاكاة لتوليد البيانات ثم تقدير دالة معولية النظام بالطرائق المعلمية (طريقة العزوم، طريقة الإمكان الأعظم) والطرائق اللامعلمية (الطريقة التجريبية، التحليل اللامعلمي)، وعند المقارنة بين هذه الطرائق المختلفة باستعمال متوسط مربعات الخطأ التكاملي (IMSE) أظهرت مقدرات دالة المعولية لتوزيع ويبـل بأسلوب التحليل اللامعلمي كفاءتها مقارنةَ بالطرائق الأخرى المختارة في حالة العينات الصغيرة، كما أظهرت طريقة الإمكان الأعظم (MLE) كفاءتها في تقدير دالة المعولية لتوزيع ويبل في حالة العينات الكبيرة.
استخدام اسلوب الانحدار اللوجستي الثنائي لتحليل العوامل المؤثرة على وفيات مرضى القلب دراسة تطبيقية على عينة من المرضى في محافظة ذي قار
Authors: طالب حيدر , مظلوم ساره
Published: July 2023

تناول هذا البحث أحد أهم نماذج الانحدار غير الخطية الواسعة الاستعمال في نمذجة التطبيقات الاحصائية وهو انموذج الانحدار اللوجستي الثنائي, ومن ثم تقدير معلمات هذا الأنموذج باستعمال طريقة المربعات الصغرى الموزونة, وقد تم في الجانب التطبيقي استعمال هذا الأنموذج لنمذجة البيانات الخاصة بالمصابين بأمراض القلب, وتم التوصل فيه من خلال مقارنة اسباب حالات حدوث الوفاة الحقيقية مع اسباب حالات حدوث الوفاة المقدرة الى مدى ملائمة الأنموذج في نمذجة هذا النوع من البيانات واستخلاص السبب الرئيس لحدوث الوفاة هو التدخين, وكذلك دقة الطريقة (WLSE) في تقدير معلمات الأنموذج .
مقارنة بين طريقتي انحدار الحرف وانحدار المركبات الرئيسية بأستعمال محاكاة مونت كارلو من خلال متوسط مربعات الخطأ (MSE)
Authors: حسن محمود , شاكر هديل , حبي ناصر
Published: July 2023

في أنموذج الانحدار الخطي المتعدد من المفترض أن تكون متغيرات الانحدار مستقلة عن بعضها البعض عندما لا تكون متغيرات الانحدار مستقلة عن بعضها البعض ويكون هناك علاقة خطية مما يجعل الأنموذج غير مناسب وبالتالي قد تكون النتائج غير دقيقة , لذلك يتم تطبيق طريقتين من طرق الانحدار المتحيزة وهما: طريقة أنحدار الحرف (Ridge Regression) وطريقة انحدار المركبات الرئيسية(Principal Components Regression) للحصول على نتائج اكثر دقة. في هذا البحث تم استعمال محاكاة مونت كارلو لتقييم أداء كل من طريقة انحدار الحرف وطريقة انحدار المركبات الرئيسية في حالة وجود مشكلة التعدد الخطي , وتم استعمال متوسط مربعات الخطأ (MSE) كمعيار لتحديد أفضل الطرق أداءًا. توصل البحث الى أن طريقة انحدار الحرف (RR) قدمت أداءًا أفضل من طريقة انحدار المركبات الرئيسية (PCR) في حالة وجود مشكلة التعدد الخطي , وأوضحت نتائج المقارنه بين طرق RR المختلقة أن الطريقة K_GM كانت الافضل أداءًا عند مستوى الارتباط (0.09 , 0.25 , 0.94) وكذلك توصل البحث الى ان الطريقة K_AM قدمت أداءًا افضل عند مستوى الارتباط (0.16) بينما قدمت الطريقة K_HKB أداء افضل عند مستوى الارتباط (0.49) وكانت الطريقة K_DK هي الافضل عند مستوى الارتباط (0.81) كما توصل الى أن طريقة K_KS قدمت أفضل أداء عند مستوى الارتباط (0.98).
Addressing Multi-Choice Problem in the Linear Programming Model by Integer Programming and Fuzzy Methods with Practical Application
Authors: Nadhim Taha , Bakheet Abdul Jabbar
Published: July 2023

In this paper, the problem of multi-choice in the linear programming model will be addressed by using integer programming method with a new technique and fuzzy programming method and comparing them. Where the trade-off between the two methods will be achieved by the final profit and the optimal production quantities and the amount of surplus in each of the two methods where the advantages and disadvantages of each method will be mentioned.
The Use of Logistic Regression Model in Estimating the Probability of Being Affected By Breast Cancer Based On the Levels of Interleukins and Cancer Marker CA15-3
Authors: Ali Fadhaa , Najm Sara
Published: July 2023

Breast cancer has got much attention in the recent years as it is a one of the complex diseases that can threaten people lives. It can be determined from the levels of secreted proteins in the blood. In this project, we developed a method of finding a threshold to classify the probability of being affected by it in a population based on the levels of the related proteins in relatively small case-control samples. We applied our method to simulated and real data. The results showed that the method we used was accurate in estimating the probability of being diseased in both simulation and real data. Moreover, we were able to calculate the sensitivity and specificity under the null hypothesis of our research question of being diseased or not.
Classification of Chronic Kidney Disease Data via Three Algorithms
Authors: Algamal Zakariya , Mahmood Shaimaa , Basheer Ghalia
Published: July 2023

Pattern recognition can be defined as the classification of data based on knowledge already gained or on statistical information extracted from patterns. The classification of objects is an important area for research and application in a variety of fields. In this paper, k-Nearest Neighbor, Fuzzy k-Nearest Neighbor and Modified k-Nearest Neighbor algorithms are used to classify of the chronic kidney disease (CKD) data with different choices of value k. The experiment results prove that the Fuzzy k-Nearest Neighbor and Modified k-Nearest Neighbor algorithms are very effective for classifying CKD data with high classification accuracy.
Detection and Treatment of Outliers in Experimental Design: Real Data for Completely Randomized Design
Authors: Ali Fayyadh
Published: July 2023

The presence of outliers values in the data leads to errors in statistical analysis due to the use of traditional methods of calculation, so it is necessary to switch to new methods that deal with these outlier values so as to ensure the accuracy of the calculations to the proper statistical analysis, and in this research resorted to the method adjusted boxplot to detect outlier values and then deleted and re-statistical analysis data have been used for a realistic agricultural experiment to completely randomized design in the College of Agriculture Wasit for 2017 has shown the result of statistical analysis that there is a difference in the results before and after deleting outlier values.
About Estimating Pareto Distribution Parameters
Authors: Al Sarraf Nazar , Mohana Firas , Kamal Ghufran
Published: July 2023

Pareto distribution is used in many economic, financial and social applications. This distribution is used for the study of income and wealth and the study of settlement in cities and villages and the study of the sizes of oil wells as well as in the field of communication through the speed of downloading files from the Internet according to their sizes. This distribution is used in mechanical engineering as one of the distributions of models of failure, stress and durability.Given the practical importance of this distribution on the one hand, and the scarcity of sources and statistical research that deal with it, this research touched on some statistical characteristics such as derivation of its mathematical function , probability density function, cumulative distribution function, methods of estimating parameters, and the difficulties that researchers may face in dealing with these phenomena. The parameters were estimated in a number of methods, including the Maximum Likelihood (MLE), Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Moment method (MOM), Relative Least squares (RELS) and Ridge regression (RR). In addition an algorithm has been proposed to improve the estimation parameters for this distribution. MSE was used to determine the best of these methods. Conclusions were presented in the light of this and appropriate proposals were decided upon.
Using Operating Research and Panel Data Models to Diagnose the Iraqi Banking Sector
Authors: Abdal-Hammed Moudher , Ghaza Ahmad
Published: July 2023

In a world where technology has made it a small village, the banking sector plays a pivotal role in our economic life. The harmony of its inputs and outputs makes it more attractive and interested to customers. This paper came to diagnose the reality of the Iraqi banking economy by using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), and methods of analyzing Panel data. The efficiency was measured through DEA with inputs in which represented by property rights and deposits, while outputs were represented by shareholder rights, deposits, credit facilities and total assets. The Panel’s models were employed in these studying, also the correlation among efficiency, profitability and market value. The study concluded that the Iraqi banks enjoy high efficiency, and showed the existence of reciprocal relations between the variables of the study, and the appropriate model was the aggregate model. The study recommended taking advantage of statistical methods in setting reliable economic indicators to detect some weaknesses in the banking sector.
The Role of Factorial Analysis to Show the Effect of Sovereign Islamic Sukuk in the Infrastructure A Malaysian Experiment
Authors: Abbas Tahani , Gabor Qaesar
Published: July 2023

Islamic Sukuk have played a significant role in Malaysia's economic growth, especially after the competent authorities began publishing Islamic Sukuk to infrastructure, which contributed to create several mega infrastructure projects especially in the field of roads, which made a noticeable increase in changing the economic growth for all fields.
Student’s Knowledge and Practices Regarding Standard Use of The Mobile Phone at Cihan University - Erbil – Iraq
Authors: Blbas Hazhar
Published: July 2023

Mobile phones are a modern invention that has managed to reach many parts of the world, allowing telecommunications across areas in which it was not viable before. The purpose of this study is related to the knowledge and practice of students about using a mobile that is improving them to be a good mobile user. Questionnaire form and simple random sampling technic are used for collecting data at Cihan University in Erbil-Iraq during five months in 2018. Chi Square test has been used to identify the relationship between knowledge and practice of using mobile with categorical variables. Results of this research show a good relation between knowledge and practice of students using mobile with demographic variables. Thus, shows that there is a relation between the practice of students of using mobile and marital status while there was no relation between knowledge of students of using mobile and marital status.
Time Series Modeling to Forecast on Consuming Electricity: A case study Analysis of electrical consumption in Erbil City from 2014 to 2018
Authors: Kadir Dler
Published: July 2023

Time series analysis and forecasting have become a major tool in different applications in hydrology and environmental management fields. Among the most effective approaches for analyzing time series data is the model introduced by Box and Jenkins, ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average). Approach: In this study, we used Box-Jenkins methodology to build ARIMA model for electricity consumption data taken for Erbil region station for the period from 2014-2018. Results: In this research, ARIMA (1, 1, 1) (0, 1, 1)12 model was developed. This model is used to forecasting the monthly consumption for the upcoming 2019 year in each month to help decision makers establish priorities in terms of electricity demand management. Conclusion/Recommendations: An intervention time series analysis could be used to forecast the peak values of producing electricity in megawatt for Erbil city.
Efficient Algorithms to Solve Tricriteria Machine Scheduling Problem
Authors: Ahmed Manal , Ali Faez
Published: July 2023

The multicriteria single machine model is presented in this paper. We consider the machine scheduling problem (MSP) of n jobs on a single machine minimize a function of tricriteria: total completion time ( ), range of lateness ( ) and maximum tardiness ( ) which is an NP-hard problem. In the theoretical part of this work, we introduce the mathematical formulation of the discussed problem then demonstrate the importance of the dominance rule (DR) which can be applied in this problem to improve the good solutions. While in the practical part, one of the important exact methods; Branch and Bound (BAB) algorithm is applied to solve the suggested MSP tricriteria by finding a set of efficient solutions for up to n=18 jobs and BAB algorithm with DR up to n=39 jobs in a reasonable time to find the efficient solutions for the problem. In addition, to find good approximate solutions, we suggest two heuristic methods to solve the problem. The practical experiments prove the good performance of the two suggested methods.
Fish habitat use in the Upper Beni mountain streams (Amazon Basin, Bolivia)
Authors: Barrera Soraya
Published: July 2023

The fish-habitat relationship was studied in 12 streams from the upper Beni River (La Paz Department, Bolivia) to test if the common species showed habitat preferences and to describe habitat use guilds. Fishes were caught in 181 fishing points of 10 to 20 m2. In each plot water velocity, water depth, and substratum size were estimated. The 41 taxa found in the 12 streams were grouped in four guilds differentiated according to water velocity (Limnophilic, Intermediate-Lentic, Intermediate-Rheophilic and Reophilic). In two guilds, the water depth also differentiated two subgroups. A Canonical Correspondence Analysis showed a significant relationship between fish guilds and the three environmental parameters. The most limnophilic and rheophilic guilds showed a higher dependence on habitat condition. In these mountain streams, the fish community is dominated by rheophilic fishes that represent 75% of the total abundance.
Dampak Globalisasi pada Konten dan Mata Pelajaran Pada Kurikulum di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah: Tantangan Dan Peluang
Authors: Sulaiman Kurdi Muqarramah
Published: July 2023

This research elucidates the impact of globalization on the content and subjects of the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah curriculum, focusing on the challenges and opportunities it presents. The study utilizes a combination of literature review and thematic analysis to explore the influence of globalization on the curriculum and the strategies employed by Madrasah Ibtidaiyah to strike a balance between traditional Islamic teachings and global knowledge and skills. The findings reveal that globalization has influenced the content and subjects taught in the Madrasah Ibtidaiyah curriculum by necessitating the incorporation of global perspectives, emphasizing universal values, and contextualizing global knowledge within an Islamic framework. However, Madrasah Ibtidaiyah faces challenges in adapting its curriculum, including the need to ensure the preservation of Islamic teachings, address cultural sensitivities, and navigate societal expectations. Despite challenges, globalization offers opportunities for Madrasah Ibtidaiyah to enhance its curriculum and prepare students for a globalized world. This includes fostering intercultural communication, promoting global citizenship, encouraging critical thinking, nurturing tolerance and inclusion, and developing cultural sensitivity. The incorporation of global perspectives significantly impacts students' understanding of diversity and multiculturalism by exposing them to different cultures, challenging stereotypes, promoting intercultural communication, and fostering a sense of global citizenship.
Realitas Virtual Dan Penelitian Pendidikan Dasar: Tren Saat Ini dan Arah Masa Depan
Authors: Sulaiman Kurdi Musyarrafah
Published: July 2023

This research explores the utilization of virtual reality (VR) in educational settings and examines current trends, future directions, benefits, and challenges associated with its implementation. The purpose of this library research is to provide an overview of the existing literature on VR and educational research, highlighting the potential of VR technology to enhance traditional teaching methods and improve student engagement, motivation, and learning outcomes. The method used for this research is a comprehensive review and analysis of relevant scholarly articles, books, and reports from academic databases and libraries. The results indicate that VR has been utilized in educational research to create immersive and interactive learning experiences, personalize instruction, bridge the gap between abstract concepts and concrete understanding, and foster critical thinking and problem-solving skills. VR also presents challenges such as cost, accessibility, curriculum integration, teacher training, technical limitations, health and safety concerns, privacy, and ethics. However, the research concludes that with careful planning, adequate resources, and proper support, VR has the potential to revolutionize education and prepare students for a technologically advanced future. Further research and innovation in areas such as immersion, AI integration, collaboration, assessment, accessibility, and ethics are recommended to fully leverage the benefits of VR in educational settings.
ROMA İMPARATORLUĞU’NDA İDRAR VERGİSİ UYGULAMASI Pecunia Non Olet (Paranın Kokusu Olmaz!)
Authors: AKTAN Coşkun Can
Published: July 2023

Vergileme tarihi incelendiğinde vergi devletlerinin çok ilginç ve tuhaf konular üzerine vergiler koyduğu tespiti yapılabilir. Bunlardan birisi de Antik Roma döneminde idrar üzerine konulan vergidir. Bu çalışmada Roma İmparatorluğu’nda uygulanan vergilerin detaylarına girmeden sadece Antik Roma döneminde uygulandığı bilinen idrar vergisi üzerine kısa ve özet açıklamalar sunulmaktadır.
Strategic Management of Madrasah Heads in Improving The Quality of Language Learning Arabic in Islamic Educational Institutions
Authors: Susanti Riri , Tariq Kubota , Carmelo Dumaz
Published: July 2023

Language problems are difficulties that students face when learning elements of the target language. The difficulty comes from the fact that what is in the target language is very or slightly different from the first language, both in sound, words, structure, meaning, and canon. Based on this fact, there is a premise that learning a foreign language is easy or not depending on the systematic comparison between the student's language and the target language. The existence of teacher is the main actor with the role of facilitator in the learning process for students. Therefore, its presence and professionalism have a great influence on the achievement of national educational programs. Teachers must be qualified because teachers are one of the micro-components of the school education system. Therefore, it is very important for the head of the madrasah to improve the quality of learning Arabic. The head of the medersa and the teacher are one of the most decisive components for the implementation of education. The existence of the teacher is the main actor with the role of facilitator in the learning process for students. Teachers must be qualified because teachers are one of the micro-components of the school education system. Therefore, it is very important for the head of the madrasah to improve the quality of learning Arabic. Teachers must be qualified because teachers are one of the micro-components of the school education system. Therefore, it is very important for the head of the madrasah to improve the quality of learning Arabic.
Quraish Shihab and Buya Hamka: The Concept of Multicultural Education from a Qur'anic Perspective
Authors: Putri Lusiana Rahmadani , Vera Awada , Visconte Arda
Published: July 2023

This thesis article describes a concept of multicultural education from the perspective of the Qur’an in Qs. Al-hujurat verse 13 from the work of Quraish Shihab and Buya Hamka. This thesis uses a library method, researchers also use a comparative method and a meaning and understanding theory approach by Jorce Gracia to facilitate understanding of the meaning of multicultural education contained in Qs. Al-Hujurat verse 13 which is in the work of Quraish Shihab and Hamka. The research analyzes it in stages by using data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusions. The results of his research show that the work of Quraish Shihab on multicultural education design is due to the recognition of culture and differences as sunatullah. Humans must acknowledge egalitarianism (human equality), brotherhood (ukhuwah), helping each other, and getting to know each other. Multiculturalism is also contained in Al-Qur'an surah Al-Hujurat verse 13 according to Hamka, including al-musawah (equality/equality), ukhuwah (brotherhood), ta'aruf (knowing each other), and tasamuh (tolerance). Differences in interpreting Qs. Al-hujurat about multicultural education in the book of interpretations of Al-misbah and interpretation of Al-azhar, in the book Tafsir Al-Misbah by Quraish Shihab further explains that multicultural education is an understanding of someone who recognizes the existence of diversity and comparison of sunattulloh. Meanwhile, in the book of interpretation of Al-Azhar by Hamka: multiculturalism is more about guiding people to always be united about the essence of humans coming from the same lineage
Small Group Discussion Method to Increase Learning Activity: its Implementation in Education
Authors: Johanna Anne , Avinash Buschhaus , Bevoor Bevoor
Published: July 2023

The aims of this study is: 1) Knowing the use of the Small Group Discussion method in fiqh learning for class X MA tanbihul Ghofilin Bawang students; 2) Knowing the difference between learning activities using the Small Group discussion method and those who do not use the small group discussion method in class X MA Tanbihul Ghofilin students; 3) Knowing the increase in learning activities using the small group discussion method for class X MA Tanbihul Ghofilin Bawang students. The research according to experimental methods using non-equivalent control group design. The subjects in this study were students of class X Agama 3 and X Agama 4 MA Tanbihul Ghofilin which totaled 60 students who were divided into two groups, namely class X Agama 3 as the Experimental class and Class X Religious 4 as the control class. Learning begins with providing pretest questions to find out the extent of student learning activities. Experimental students were given learning using the small group discussion method while the control group used conventional learning methods. The experimental group and the control group were given the final test in the form of posttest questions in writing. Then the results were processed, analyzed, and compared using a t-test and a scor gain test to determine the differences and activities between the two groups to be studied. The results showed that there were differences in learning activities between the experimental class and the control class with evidenced by the t-test and the control class with evidenced by the t-test calculation showing tcount of count 2,0001 > ttable 10.6 with a significance level 0f 5 % and degress of freedom 58. It was proveb by the calculation of N-gain of 0,76 with category.
Improving Students Islamic Behavior through Teacher Prophetic Education Model
Authors: Kurniawan Naufal , Limei Sun , Catherine Sarkissian
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine the efforts of moral aqidah teachers in improving students' Islamic behavior, know the obstacles of moral aqidah teachers in enhancing students' Islamic behavior, and how to find out how to overcome the challenges of moral aqidah teachers in improving students' Islamic behavior.This study used the descriptive qualitative method. Researchers collected data by using in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation. While the data analysis technique used interactive analysis, with the stages of data collection, data editing, and data presentation.The results of this study: 1) that the efforts of the aqidah moral teacher in improving the Islamic behavior of students by holding religious activities such as holding regular monthly recitations, increasing students' awareness by living clean, setting good examples, providing classical guidance; 2) Obstacles in improving the Islamic behavior of students from environmental factors, and parents; 3) how to overcome obstacles in improving the Islamic behavior of students by giving punishment and collaborating with boarding school administrators and parents of students.
Teacher’s Effrots in Improving Students Islamic Behavio
Authors: Xin Derr , Martin Weng , Lita Wang
Published: July 2023

This study aims to determine the efforts of moral aqidah teachers in improving students' Islamic behavior, know the obstacles of moral aqidah teachers in enhancing students' Islamic behavior, and how to find out how to overcome the challenges of moral aqidah teachers in improving students' Islamic behavior.This study used the descriptive qualitative method. Researchers collected data by using in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation. While the data analysis technique used interactive analysis, with the stages of data collection, data editing, and data presentation.The results of this study: 1) that the efforts of the aqidah moral teacher in improving the Islamic behavior of students by holding religious activities such as holding regular monthly recitations, increasing students' awareness by living clean, setting good examples, providing classical guidance; 2) Obstacles in improving the Islamic behavior of students from environmental factors, and parents; 3) how to overcome obstacles in improving the Islamic behavior of students by giving punishment and collaborating with boarding school administrators and parents of students.
Efforts of Guidance Counseling Teachers in Handling Students: High School Level
Authors: Andra Andra , Dylan Moatti , Alon Frances
Published: July 2023

The title of the guidance and counseling teacher's efforts in dealing with delinquency of class XI students at SMAN 1 Batur, Batur District, Banjarnegara Regency, in this study has an educational background that is closely related to strong character. While development in Indonesia is carried out as a whole, which requires quality human resources, various efforts to form the nation's personality, especially in the younger generation. One of the efforts to increase quality resources is through education. However, every educational process, especially tackling delinquency, has obstacles and obstacles, which occur at SMAN 1 Batur, especially class XI, this research has a goal. 1) find out the efforts of the counseling teacher in dealing with student delinquency; 2) know the method used.
Proposta de um framework conceitual baseado na hélice tripla de inovação para cidades inteligentes: um estudo no sul do Brasil
Authors: Moreira Luis Fernando , Macke Janaina
Published: July 2023

Objetivo: Apresentar um framework com os elementos para nortear uma cidade inteligente a partir da Hélice Tripla de inovação.Metodologia: é um estudo qualitativo genérico, aplicando um questionário semiestruturado com 12 entrevistados em quatro iniciativas de projetos que utilizam TICs, nas cidades de Porto Alegre e Caxias do Sul. RS.Originalidade/Relevância: artigo discute a importante interação de iniciativas projetos que aplicam tecnologia de informação e comunicação no âmbito das cidades e como a interação destes projetos com a Hélice Tripla de inovação “Universidade – Empresa – Governo” impactam o cidadão e o ambiente urbano.Resultados: O governo de uma cidade carece de indicar visões para a cidade e resolver problemas reais, bem como desenvolver políticas públicas para abranger essas visões. As empresas produzem serviços e tecnologias para uma cidade inteligente enfatizam a capitalização do conhecimento para uma economia inteligente, a indústria de alta tecnologia e um ambiente adepto às empresas e negócios. As universidades vêm contribuindo para projetos em cidades inteligentes por meio do conhecimento em tornar as cidades limpas e verdes através de recursos humanos capacitados.Contribuições sociais / para a gestão: No modelo proposto nesta pesquisa se torna o elemento central do conceito de cidades inteligentes e Hélice Tripla de inovação, pois, de acordo com a combinação de governança inteligente e pessoas inteligentes estes dois pressupostos se desenvolvem, aplicam conhecimento através de universidades e empresas e recebem recursos e são capazes de retroalimentar o ecossistema de inovação, contribuindo para o bem-estar social, econômico e sustentável de toda a coletividade.
RURAL AREAS: A CONCEPT AND APPROACHES TO TYPOLOGY
Authors: Tkachenko A.А.
Published: July 2023

The article discusses the essence of “rural area” notion. It is shown that geographical studies suggest different interpretations of rural areas: as a cultural landscape, as a habitat for the rural population, or as a socio-geographical space formed by rural residents in the course of their living. It is proposed to start with the idea of rural areas as a cultural landscape. According to the author, the originality of countryside is determined by the combination of its natural basis, to some extent modified by man, and the over-imposed center-peripheral structure of settlement and economy. The visual recognibility and identifiability of the rural areas are noted. The components (layers) of rural areas are named, as well as the elementary objects of which they consist. A special role of settlement network is emphasized. The author’s approach to the geographical typology of rural areas is suggested, based on the combination of the zonal typology of rural settlement developed by S.A. Kovalev and the ideas about the “ideal” types (“archetypes”) of rural areas associated with their functions. Geographic types of rural areas are the result of the superposition of archetypes over the zonal types of settlement. The diversity of geographic types of rural areas is shown for three principal zonal types of rural settlement in Russia.
Driver training challenges, barriers and needs arising from ADAS development
Authors: Rodak Aleksandra , Pełka Małgorzata
Published: July 2023

Year to year, vehicles are becoming more advanced, and manufacturers offer newer support systems. Progressive tech-nology development must be followed by relevant sociological changes, including establishing a proper user aware-ness level. Even though compulsory driver training, required before obtaining a license, consists of selected support features, e.g. ABS (Anti-lock Braking System), it does not provide novice drivers with the necessary practical skills and knowledge of all automation features available on the market. To reduce the human error factor, the European Parlia-ment adopted new regulations, including minimum safety requirements for new vehicles. This paper identifies the gap between the current approach toward teaching automation and necessary changes that should be made to ensure road safety. It provides an overview of ADAS functions allowed to be used during driving license exam of category B in different European countries.Moreover, the publication contains results of work carried out under the Trustonomy project. Outcomes obtained from the questionnaires were used to develop new driver training curricula. The publication discusses the developments of a survey conducted among 83 Polish drivers and 91 car fleet managers. The paper reveals their attitude and expectations towards driver training. The results indicate that despite the awareness of ADASs positive impact on safety (80% of drivers vote, 96% of car fleet managers votes), many people still didnt take part in any training and still do not know how to use systems properly. Even more worrying is the fact that more than 50% of drivers admitted they acquired knowledge about system operation based on their own mistakes. Many responders expressed their interest in acquiring new knowledge. This situation indicates an urgent need to introduce changes to the driver training system. Therefore, the publication highlights different regulatory boundaries across Europe and stresses the need to update existing curricula to introduce proper automation-related training.
Structural optimization of multimodal routes for cargo delivery
Authors: Taran Ihor , Оlzhabayeva Raushan , Oliskevych Myroslav , Danchuk Vitor
Published: July 2023

This article is devoted to the coordination of single stages of the multimodal delivery process, taking into account the fact that the process is discrete in its content. The tact, which has the content of a time window for performing the operation is used for discrete processes. Due to the fact that multimodal transportation of goods is carried out on a large network, time is one of the most important criteria for their perfection. Two timing criteria are applied in the article, which take into account the fact that the multimodal process must be synchronized and that the transportation of a large group of goods can be carried out in separate parts. An estimation criterion was also applied, which takes into account constant, variable, contingent costs, which are carried out depending on the structure of the process. The goal of the study is to create such multimodal cargo delivery routes that are characterized by the highest level of selec-tion criteria. In contrast to known studies, the dependence of the optimization criteria of the multimodal process on the total volume of cargo delivery was shown. The method of analyzing the transport scheme of multimodal transportation and the corresponding algorithm and computer program were developed. The methodology involves a complete review of all possible route options using three types of continent transport, namely road, rail, and river. The method of struc-tural optimization is applied to the example of a transcontinental transport corridor.
The impact of logistics performance index on port infrastructure quality: comparative study Tunisia Morocco
Authors: Ben Haj Ahmed Rihab , Bouzir Aida , Benhadj Mbarek Mohamed Hédi , Benammou Saloua
Published: July 2023

This scientific article examines the relationship between logistics performance indices and port infrastructure quality in Tunisia and Morocco. The quality of port infrastructure (QPI) is an important component of the competitiveness port. It represents a driving force for the economic dynamics. This quality of port infrastructure is a complex subject on which a great deal of research has emerged in the last decade. The logistics performance index (LPI) serves as a crucial indicator to assess the efficiency and effectiveness of a country's logistics system. Accordingly, this paper aims to develop a model for assessing the quality of port infrastructure. The objective is to evaluate the development of port infrastructure to improve the competitiveness of port systems in two North African countries according to nine competi-tiveness criteria. The analysis involves statistical techniques such as regression modeling to establish relationships. The partial least squares (PLS) regression method is adopted to obtain a reliable estimate, using nine explanatory variables :(performance indicators) (overall, the frequency with which shipments reach their recipient within the set deadlines, The efficiency of customs clearance process, ease of arranging competitively priced shipments, Lead time to import, Lead time to export, competence and quality of logistics services, Liner Shipping Connectivity Index, Container port traffic) and quality of the port infrastructure (QPI) as dependent variable. The results of the analysis highlight the influence of logistics performance indices on port infrastructure quality in Tunisia and Morocco. The results of the test the model using the partial least squares, confirm a significant influence of the identified factors on the quality of port infrastructure. It found show that it is vital to improve logistics performance, which contributes to improving the quali-ty of port infrastructure and increasing maritime trade; which promotes economic growth. Based on the results con-cerning the importance of port infrastructures, the quality of the latter is empirically examined. Our results show that Morocco tends to improve the quality of its infrastructure in order to improve its competitiveness. The originality of this research work consists in using the PLS (the partial least squares) regression method, which is contrary to previous studies, which have used other econometric methods in the same study field.
Analysis of the precision of determination of aircraft coordinates using EGNOS+SDCM solution
Authors: Krasuski Kamil , Lalak Marta , Gołda Paweł , Ciećko Adam , Grunwald Grzegorz , Mrozik Magda , Kozuba Jarosław
Published: July 2023

This paper presents an algorithm for determining the precision parameter for aircraft position coordinates based on a combined GPS/EGNOS and GPS/SDCM solution. The proposed algorithm uses a weighted average model that com-bines a single GPS/EGNOS and GPS/SDCM position navigation solution to determine the resulting aircraft coordi-nates. The weighted mean model include the linear coefficients as a function of: the inverse of the number of tracked GPS satellites for which EGNOS and SDCM corrections have been generated, and the inverse of the geometric coeffi-cient of the PDOP (Position Dilution of Precision). The corrections between the single GPS/EGNOS and GPS/SDCM solution to the aircraft's resultant coordinates are then calculated on this basis. Finally, the standard deviation for the aircraft resultant BLh (B-Latitude, L-Longitude, h- ellipsoidal height) coordinates is calculated as a measure of preci-sion. The research experiment used recorded on-board GPS+SBAS data from two GNSS receivers mounted on a Dia-mond DA 20-C1 aircraft. The test flight was carried out on the Olsztyn-Suwaki-Olsztyn route. The calculations of aircraft position based on GPS/EGNOS and GPS/SDCM solution were performed in the RTKLIB v.2.4.3 program in the RTKPOST module. Next, aircraft resultant coordinates and standard deviations were computed in Scilab v.6.0.0 soft-ware package. Based on the tests performed, it was found that for the Trimble Alloy receiver, the standard deviation values for the ellipsoidal coordinates BLh of the aircraft do not exceed 1.77 m. However, for the Septentrio AsterRx2i receiver, the values of standard deviations for the aircraft's ellipsoidal BLh coordinates do not exceed 5.04 m. The use of linear coefficients as the inverse of the number of tracked GPS satellites with SBAS corrections in the GPS/EGNOS+GPS/SDCM positioning model resulted in a reduction in standard deviations of approximately 50-51% relative to the solution with linear coefficients calculated as the inverse of the PDOP parameter. In paper, the standard deviation was also obtained using arithmetic mean model. However the values of standard deviation from weighted mean model are lower than arithmetic mean model.
Determination of dynamic parameters of a tram wheel parts in a numerical and experimental modal analysis
Authors: Milewicz Julia , Kołodziejczak Krzysztof , Nowakowski Tomasz , Szymański Grzegorz M.
Published: July 2023

The analysis of dynamic parameters finds effective application in processes related to the assessment of the technical condition of machines. Mass transport vehicles are particularly sensitive to maintaining an appropriate level of traffic safety through relevant design and diagnostics. The combination of numerical and experimental methods increases the efficiency of modal properties investigations, which can be used as diagnostic parameters. During the research, the authors performed a numerical model of a system composed of a rim and an inner disc of a wheel fitted in a Konstal 105Na tram, widely used in many polish cities and frequently subjected to repair and renovation processes. The Time Response analysis in SOLIDWORKS (also called Modal Time History) was then conducted, resulting in obtaining information about object vibration response in time domain to the impulsive excitation at given points. These signals were then processed in MATLAB aiming at determining the frequencies of natural vibration and damping ratios. The processing parameters in MATLAB were corresponding to the analysis settings of the experimental measurement, carried out within the BK Connect environment, with an impact modal hammer and piezoelectric transducers. When analyzing the experimental measurements, the authors applied Fast Fourier Transformation, Frequency Response Function and Complex Mode Indicator Function (the theoretical basis of which and practical sense of application were also presented in the paper). Finally, the results of the experiment were compared with simulation outcomes. This comparison allowed the obtainment of frequency characteristics of the vibration response to the impact and the deter-mination of the dynamic parameters of the actual object. Six frequencies of natural vibrations were determined in the frequency range of 0 to 3000 Hz, as well as their damping ratios and autocorrelation indicators between modes. Similarities and potential sources of differences between the numerical and the experimental results were identified and explained, followed by conclusions on the practical application of the presented research methodology in the industry.
Complicaciones materno- fetales en mujeres gestantes con lupus eritematoso sistémico.
Authors: Zambrano-Salguero Karla Betzaid , Belalcázar-Sánchez Yajaira Monserrath
Published: July 2023

El lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) es un trastorno inmunológico que tiene el potencial de complicar significativamente el embarazo, parto y el periodo postparto, poniendo en riesgo a la madre y al feto. Entre los objetivos de nuestro estudio estaba la identificación de las complicaciones maternos fetales más habituales en gestantes con LES. Para lograr estos objetivos, se implementó una metodología basada en la búsqueda sistemática de literatura médica. Este proceso implicó una búsqueda intensiva en varias plataformas de investigación en línea. Los tipos de estudios seleccionados para su revisión fueron tanto observacionales como ensayos clínicos. Después de la selección, se procedió a extraer los datos relevantes de los estudios, a evaluar la solides de las investigaciones y a realizar un análisis descriptivo de los datos obtenidos.

Nuestros resultados evidenciaron que las gestantes que padecen LES están en mayor vulnerabilidad de sufrir una serie de complicaciones. Entre las más destacadas se encontraron la pre-eclampsia, el parto prematuro y la pérdida del embarazo. Además, se ha identificado que a un mayor grado de actividad de este trastorno aumentara significativamente el riesgo de desarrollar complicaciones. Se concluye que la gestación en el contexto del LES requiere una atención cuidadosa y vigilancia constante para reducir los riesgos tanto maternos como fetales. Además, es necesario llevar a cabo más investigaciones en esta área para mejorar el pronóstico.