bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Reproducible Data Reuse (ReDaR) Framework to Capture and Assess Multiple Data Streams
Authors: Keefer Donald A. , Blake Catherine L.
Published: October 2021

Much of the literature in knowledge discovery from data (KDD) focuses on algorithms that are faster and more accurate at capturing patterns in a given data set. However, answering a research question is fundamentally connected with how well the data is aligned with the questions being asked. Thus, data selection is one of the most important steps to ensure that models produced from the KDD process are useful in practice. A lack of documentation about the data selection rationale and the transformations needed to semantically align the data streams prevents others from reproducing the research and obfuscates development of best practices in data integration. Our goal in this paper is to provide KDD practitioners with a framework that brings together theories in provenance, information quality, and contextual reasoning, to enable researchers to achieve a semantically aligned dataset with data selection, description, and documentation based on an application‐focused assessment.
From Information to Knowledge Creation in the Archive: Observing Humanities Researchers' Information Activities
Authors: Leigh Alexandra , Makri Stephann , Taylor Alex , Mulinder Alec , Hamdi Sarra
Published: October 2021

As primary sources, archival records are a unique information source at the very heart of humanities research. However, how humanities researchers move from information to knowledge creation by making meaning from archival records has not been the focus of previous empirical research. This is surprising, as creating new knowledge through (re)interpretation of records is a core motivation and outcome of humanities research; as representations of historical and social occurrences, archival records rely on researchers' interpretation of content, context, and structure to establish an ‘archival’ meaning of the record, before applying this meaning within their own work. Therefore, constructing knowledge from archival materials necessitates a dual process of knowledge creation to create novel insights from a hybrid interpretation of archival meaning and the researcher's own interests. This paper presents findings from a naturalistic empirical observation of 11 humanities researchers engaging in research at a national archive, centring on key information activities that facilitate knowledge creation from archival records: Scanning, Relating, Capturing and Organising. Through these activities, scholars integrate their research aims and objectives with archival meaning to generate new insights. Deeper understanding of the nature of knowledge creation in archives can benefit archivists, archive users and systems designers alike.
Is Interdisciplinary Collaboration Research More Disruptive Than Monodisciplinary Research?
Authors: Liu Xin , Yi Bu , Li Ming , Li Jiang
Published: October 2021

As an important pattern of scientific research, interdisciplinary collaboration is universally encouraged by science and technology policy makers. However, it remains a question whether interdisciplinary collaboration research is more disruptive than monodisciplinary research. To address this research question in this study, interdisciplinary collaboration is measured as whether the authors of a paper are from at least two disciplines, and the degree of “disruptive” is measured by the Disruption index proposed by Funk & Owen‐Smith (2017). By using articles published in six journals from 1978 to 2019 in the Microsoft Academic Graph (MAG) database, we constructed an OLS regression model with journal fixed effect and time fixed effect to analyze the influence of interdisciplinary collaboration on the Disruption values with different citation windows. The findings show that interdisciplinary collaboration research is less disruptive than monodisciplinary research.
Using Symptoms and Healthcare Encounters to Capture a Rare Disease: A Study of Clinical Notes of the Alpha‐Gal Meat Allergy
Authors: Ma Yuanye , Flaherty Mary Grace
Published: October 2021

This paper examines clinical notes to identify reported symptoms and investigate patient‐provider communication processes in alpha‐gal syndrome (AGS). Clinical notes appear to be a credible and stable source of research where the researcher can find information regarding both symptoms and environmental factors of AGS. Compilation of notes could be used for a checklist to aid in diagnosis. This study analyzed clinicians' notes in patient records retrieved from the Electronic Medical Record Search Engine (EMERSE). The most reported symptoms fell into four general categories: skin (42%), inflammation (17%), gastrointestinal (20%), and anaphylaxis (21%). Environmental triggers were also commonly reported. This in‐depth analysis of clinical notes of AGS can serve as a basis for future automation of rare disease analysis; moreover, it provides a basic understanding of the granularity of information that an electronic health record (EHR) may provide for rare disease identification.
Neural Correlates of Realisation of Satisfaction in a Successful Search Process
Authors: Paisalnan Sakrapee , Moshfeghi Yashar , Pollick Frank
Published: October 2021

In a search process, searchers review documents to gather information relevant to their information need (IN). During this process, searchers may experience the satisfaction of their IN, indicating they have gathered adequate relevant information to answer their need. This complex concept of satisfaction is the ultimate goal of search systems. Most studies in Information Retrieval (IR) have been attempted to understand how searchers' needs are satisfied based on behavioural observation. However, the psychophysiological manifestation during the moment of satisfaction still remains unclear. Here, we use functional Magnetic Resonance (fMRI) to investigate which brain regions are involved during the moment of satisfaction. Twenty‐six participants participated in the experiment, designed to represent a search process while being scanned. Our result shows the human brain regions involved during the moment of satisfaction. These findings provide an important step in unravelling the concept of satisfaction in a search process.
Toward Best Practices for Unstructured Descriptions of Research Data
Authors: Phillips Dan , Smit Michael
Published: October 2021

Achieving the potential of widespread sharing of open research data requires that sharing data is straightforward, supported, and well‐understood; and that data is discoverable by researchers. Our literature review and environment scan suggest that while substantial effort is dedicated to structured descriptions of research data, unstructured fields are commonly available (title, description) yet poorly understood. There is no clear description of what information should be included, in what level of detail, and in what order. These human‐readable fields, routinely used in indexing and search features and reliably federated, are essential to the research data user experience. We propose a set of high‐level best practices for unstructured description of datasets, to serve as the essential starting point for more granular, discipline‐specific guidance. We based these practices on extensive review of literature on research article abstracts; archival practice; experience in supporting research data management; and grey literature on data documentation. They were iteratively refined based on comments received in a webinar series with researchers, data curators, data repository managers, and librarians in Canada. We demonstrate the need for information research to more closely examine these unstructured fields and provide a foundation for a more detailed conversation.
MetaFAIR: A Metadata Application Profile for Managing Research Data
Authors: Tompkins Vivian Teresa , Honick Brendan John , Polley Katherine Louise , Qin Jian
Published: October 2021

This paper reports on the development of a metadata application profile (AP), MetaFAIR, designed to support research data management (RDM) to make research data findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable. The development of MetaFAIR followed a three‐step process that included learning about the characteristics of datasets from researchers to establish their context and requirements, as well as iterative design and testing with researchers' feedback. Guided by the FAIR principles (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability), MetaFAIR focuses on accommodating description needs particular to computational social science datasets while seeking to provide general enough elements to describe data collections across many different domains. In this paper, MetaFAIR is placed in the context of historical and recent developments in the areas of RDM and application profile creation; following this contextualization, the paper describes the central considerations and challenges of the MetaFAIR development process and discusses its significance for future work in RDM.
A Mixed‐Method Usability Study on User Experience with Systematic Review Software
Authors: Wang Manhua , Sharmin Selina , Wang Mengqian , Yu Fei
Published: October 2021

Systematic reviews are widely used in evidence‐based medicine. Conducting a systematic review requires intensive mental efforts, especially during the study screening process. This challenge has motivated the development of intelligent software. This study examined and compared the performance, workload, and user experience of two systematic review tools – Colandr with Artificial Intelligence (AI) features and Covidence without AI features by conducting a mixed‐method usability study. The results showed that reviewers had higher precision in citation screening using Colandr than using Covidence. However, the user experience with Colandr was not optimal due to problems in its user interface design. Therefore, we suggest that the design and development of AI‐enabled SR software emphasize the usability of the interface and apply user‐centered design principles.
COVID‐19 Apps and Privacy Protections from Users' Perspective
Authors: Wang Tian , Guo Lin , Bashir Masooda
Published: October 2021

As the spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID‐19) continues to be a global challenge, there have been numerous efforts and actions from both government and private organizations towards keeping their community members healthy and safe. One of the approaches is to use mobile apps to trace contacts and update the status of the infected individuals efficiently and conveniently so that the spread of COVID‐19 can be minimized and contained. While these apps could offer many advantages, it also raises serious privacy concerns for many users and hence possibly refusing to adopt it. In this study, we aim to understand the users' expectations on the privacy protections and the provisions under which they are willing to use COVID‐19 apps. We believe our study results can guide policymakers and app developers on the design, deployment, and acceptability of the COVID‐19 apps that can be widely adopted.
Learning Outcomes during Information Search in Digital Archives
Authors: Wu I‐Chin , Huang Bo‐Xian , Vakkari Pertti
Published: October 2021

A museum's digital archive system gathers information about cultural heritage and makes it accessible to the public. In this study we clarify the extent to which search behaviors reflect task outcome and foster users’ knowledge of painting and calligraphy. Ten users participated who are special interest museum visitors. They joined in this evaluation of the Digital Archives of Chinese Painting and Calligraphy Search System (DA‐PCSS) of the National Palace Museum in Taiwan. Participants’ search activities and interactions with the DA‐PCSS were recorded in two simulated tasks. The results show that the high‐performance (HP) group who received high scores for their essays on the tasks formulated precise and relevant queries. Furthermore, the HP group were able to find information needed inside or outside the system to explore and synthesize the information, which was clearly reflected in their search move patterns, during the search process. Our results suggest that the criteria for learning at various stages of search suggested by Vakkari (2016) seem to validly reflect the quality of the search outcomes. In all, the results elucidate how the evaluated system supports users as they search for target items, as well as how learning occurs during the search process and in turn influences task outcomes.
Research on Information Flow Mechanism of Manufacturing Enterprises from the Perspective of Innovation Value Chain
Authors: Yang Xiudan , Qi Xiaoying
Published: October 2021

Manufacturing enterprises always generate, acquire, and transform large amount of information which flows across every link of their innovation process and value chain. Information flow is one of the basic conditions for information to be reproduced, utilized and value added. Unreasonable paths and transmission methods of information flow will lead to problems such as poor flow efficiency, low information sharing and even information silos, which will further restrict the R&D innovation and service upgrade. Optimizing information flow mechanisms and paths is a vital part for improving the innovation capability of manufacturing enterprises. In order to reflect the interactions, flow‐path differences and nonlinear laws among manufacturing enterprises' innovation units and to reveal relations between information‐flowing efficiency and innovation capabilities, the paper divides innovation activities of manufacturing enterprises into three phases, such as information acquisition, information transformation and information value addition based on the theory of innovation value chain, and puts forward a mathematical model of information absorption and transformation to ultimately reveal the mechanisms for information flow across inside and outside units. Further, the paper takes a non‐linear function for absorptive capacity based on level of experiential knowledge, continuous R&D intensity, and agent relation strength to quantify the information absorption and transformation process and takes index of innovation information amount and cumulative information amount to calculate innovation abilities and measure information value addition. Finally, the paper uses simulation tool to analyze the influencing factors of information absorption and transformation optimization.
Digital Readiness Assessment of Countries in Africa: A Case Study Research
Authors: Assefa Shimelis , Rorissa Abebe , Alemneh Daniel
Published: October 2021

There is an increasing uptake of digital technologies across African countries. Public, private, and government services have adopted and utilized digital technologies to improve work processes, productivity, create jobs, and better service delivery. This short paper seeks to answer these questions: What is the current state of digital readiness in African countries? Do existing digital readiness assessment tools, indicators, or metrics, help to assess the digital readiness of countries in Africa? Analysis of publicly available data from Cisco index of readiness score and Broadband speed ranking by cable.co.uk, reveal that: 1) African countries' digital readiness score is below the global average of 11.96, on a scale of 0 to 25 (except Tunisia with readiness average score of 12.05); and 2) African countries' broadband speed is below the global mean speed of 25Mbps (mean speed of 4.51 and 3.80 Mbps for sub‐Saharan Africa and North Africa, respectively). Second, analysis of various assessment tools show that the existing metrics can't be used as is to diagnose and evaluate Africa's digital readiness. Instead factors such as availability of adequate infrastructure; last‐mile connectivity to homes, schools, businesses, and government agencies; and skill gaps should be considered. The implications of this study are to show the need for an appropriate assessment tools so countries in Africa prioritize efforts to embrace digital readiness.
Discrimination in Healthcare and LGBTQ+ Information and Care‐seeking Behaviors
Authors: Brown Lindsay K. , Veinot Tiffany C.
Published: October 2021

Members of the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer/Questioning, plus (LGBTQ+) community may face discrimination in healthcare, which can subsequently impact information and care‐seeking patterns. A tendency to avoid or delay health care is particularly concerning for LGBTQ+ people who face both physical and mental health disparities. This paper presents a literature review of literature on healthcare discrimination, LGBTQ+ care‐seeking, and associated information behaviors in order to generate a preliminary model of LGBTQ+ decision‐making around care and well‐being, called the Model of the Pathways to LGBTQ+ Well‐Being. This model can be used to investigate links between information behavior and relevant health behaviors and outcomes in a marginalized population.
Use of Bibliometrics Data to Understand the Citation Advantages of Different Open Access Categories in Covid‐19 Related Studies
Authors: Chen Xiaoju , Bharti Neelam , Marsteller Matthew R.
Published: October 2021

The number of Open Access (OA) research articles is trending upward. This research aims to understand the correlations between different OA types and the impact of OA research articles evaluated based on the citation numbers. To avoid bias caused by the publication year, we chose to use COVID‐19 studies in different fields to take advantage of this topic's quick turnaround of data. We analyzed the bibliometrics data and citation numbers (excluding self‐citations) of around 42,000 English language articles published in 2020 related to COVID‐19. We evaluated different types of OA categories such as Gold, Bronze, and Hybrid articles separately. Results show that amongst all OA categories, Hybrid/Green and Bronze/Green OA articles had significant citation advantages. Green OA articles returned more citations than articles with the other OA status. Gold OA articles have no citation advantages compared to non‐OA articles. Gold/Green OA articles had the highest self‐citation rates, followed by Non‐OA articles. The results of the study can be used in understanding different OA categories and the reasons for OA choices. Certain strategies can be made accordingly to improve the awareness of OA in different fields and help OA publishers to improve the OA services.
Moods in Book Reviews: Text Mining Approach
Authors: Cho Hyerim , Adkins Denice , Bossaller Jenny , Moulaison‐Sandy Heather
Published: October 2021

Spiteri and Pecoskie (2018) proposed a taxonomy of terms to describe emotion and tone in novels. We tested those terms against 5,144 full‐text book reviews from the New York Times Book Review to discover whether the proposed terms were used in published reviews to describe books, and of those terms used, which were most used. The objective of this study is to explore whether emotional contents can be identified by a text mining approach without investing too much time and efforts of information professionals. Findings demonstrate that the terms chosen by Spiteri and Pecoskie are used in professional book reviews, though some may be used in multiple ways, rather than only related to emotional content. Results of this work contribute to a larger scale project of testing machine models of identifying emotional content in books and ultimately being able to create automated media recommendation systems that include emotion as an identifier.
“I Don't Want a Book That's Going to Make Me Sad or Stressed Out, Especially in This Day and Age”: Fiction Reading (and Healing) in a Pandemic
Authors: Cho Hyerim , Lee Wan‐Chen , Urban Alex , Huang Li‐Min , Long Yi
Published: October 2021

To understand the roles of fiction reading in mitigating readers' stress during the COVID‐19 pandemic, this study explores readers' motivations, preferences, and reading behaviors. Through an open‐ended online survey posted on social media platforms and an online reading community, the researchers collected 76 responses from adult fiction readers. Through qualitative coding, three prominent themes were identified: escapism, re‐reading behavior, and access and format. Readers actively escape into fictional worlds, often through re‐reading books, to cope with the pandemic. Also, cost and available channels of access shape readers' selection of fiction book format. These themes highlight elements of fiction reading that are pertinent to emotionally‐strained individuals, which can provide insight for reference and recommendation services. By advancing researchers' understanding of pleasure reading behaviors and the important selection criteria for fiction readers during stressful times, this study contributes to the body of knowledge in Readers Advisory (RA) and information behavior.
How Big Are Peoples' Computer Files? File Size Distributions Among User‐managed Collections
Authors: Dinneen Jesse David , Nguyen Ba Xuan
Published: October 2021

Improving file management interfaces and optimising system performance requires current data about users' digital collections and particularly about the file size distributions of such collections. However, prior works have examined only the sizes of system files and users' work files in varied contexts, and there has been no such study since 2013; it therefore remains unclear how today's file sizes are distributed, particularly personal files, and further if distributions differ among the major operating systems or common occupations. Here we examine such differences among 49 million files in 348 user collections. We find that the average file size has grown more than ten‐fold since the mid‐2000s, though most files are still under 8 MB, and that there are demographic and technological influences in the size distributions. We discuss the implications for user interfaces, system optimisation, and PIM research.
Towards a Taxonomy of Trustworthy Digital Repository Impacts
Authors: Donaldson Devan Ray , Russell Samuel Vodicka
Published: October 2021

Measuring the societal impact of digital repositories is a wicked problem. To capture information about the impacts of digital repositories that become certified as Trustworthy Digital Repositories (TDRs), a taxonomy describing activities cited as evidence of compliance with TDR standards is needed to relate those activities to socially beneficial outcomes. This paper presents a Minimum Viable Prototype (MVP) for a TDR Impacts taxonomy to enable the expression of their activities in a structured way. Our MVP provides a proof‐of‐concept that by formalizing concepts about TDRs in a taxonomy, we can investigate ways to measure whether the impacts associated with becoming and remaining a certified TDR are also impacts that generate societal value. Implications of the work described include potential strategies to identify, extract, and/or author machine‐readable descriptions of measurable facets of TDR activities and the resulting impacts on communities.
“Meaning in the present”: Understanding Sustainability for Digital Community Collections
Authors: Fenlon Katrina , Grimmer Jessica , Reza Alia , Thurston Courtnie
Published: October 2021

Living independently of mainstream institutions, digital community archives and digital humanities collections confront systemic barriers to medium‐ and long‐term viability. Their sustainability tends to be undermined by shifts in technologies, resources, and communities over time. Because these collections contain irreplaceable and invaluable evidence of communities and histories that are underrepresented in cultural institutions, their fragility compromises the completeness and equity of our collective digital heritage. Partnerships between institutions and community‐based collections often founder over a lack of shared understanding: of the expertise each partner brings to the table, of the scope and extent of mutual commitments, and of what sustainability even entails for a given project. This paper reports preliminary outcomes of a case study of the Lakeland Digital Archive, exploring how Lakeland's community understands sustainability in the context of their digital archive, as part of a broader study of community‐centered sustainability strategies for digital collections.
Archivists' Information Work Lines: Affective, Information Management, and Hybrid Onsite‐Remote Work Performance
Authors: Garwood Deborah A. , Poole Alex H.
Published: October 2021

This paper is among the first to investigate information work concepts in the archival context. A qualitative case study, it relies on two rounds of semi‐structured interviews with information professionals at medical history collections in Philadelphia. These interviews bracketed the six months before and after COVID‐19's onset. We analyze three lines of information work that evolved as these archivists shifted the work context to their home environments: affective effort, information management, and hybrid onsite‐remote work performance. Findings suggest that tasks such as processing, digitizing, and curating resources (invisible pre‐pandemic) and reference services (visible pre‐pandemic) overlap in archivists' hybrid onsite‐remote work performance during the pandemic. In recognizing the links between archivists' information work and work performance as a holistic approach to studies of the information‐intensive archival context, this research has implications for the centrality of work context, purpose, and value in the archival context.
Avoiding Information during Serious Illness: Insights into the Information Behavior of Cancer Patients
Authors: Jensen Jesper Gabs , Petersen Emil , Frandsen Tove Faber
Published: October 2021

Cancer patients seek information about their health and illness using many different approaches. Some prefer to seek intensively whereas other avoid seeking information. Over the course of the cancer continuum an individual may meet their needs using several different approaches. In this paper, we explore how avoidance can be an approach used as part of information seeking activities and not just as an alternative approach. Interviews with six current and former cancer patients were conducted and audio recorded for transcription. The transcriptions were coded to identify themes and concepts. We identify the different patterns of information seeking among the interviewees ranging from seeking intensively to avoiding information. Furthermore, we find that exposing yourself selectively to information as well as avoiding some information can be strategies to protect the information seeker from information the individual is not able to cope with. This study indicates that information seeking approaches are overlapping.
Five Motivating Concerns for AI Ethics Instruction
Authors: Knowles Mariah A.
Published: October 2021

Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems are embedded in institutions that are not diverse, that are inequitable, unjust, and exclusionary. How do we address the interface between AI systems and an unjust world, in service to human flourishing? One mechanism for addressing AI Ethics is AI Ethics Education: training those who will build, use, and/or be subject to AI systems to have clear moral reasoning, make responsible decisions, and take right actions. This paper presents, as part of a larger project, work on what AI Ethics instructors currently do and how they describe their motivating concerns. I find that although AI Ethics content and pedagogy is varied, there are some common motivating concerns particular to this kind of teaching, which may be useful in structuring future guidance for new AI Ethics teachers, evaluating existing pedagogy, guiding research on new pedagogies, and promoting discussion with the AI Ethics community.
Tattoos and Information: Mapping the Landscape of Tattoo Research
Authors: Krtalić Maja , Campbell‐Meier Jennifer , Bell Rachel
Published: October 2021

This paper is the initial discussion of a larger projectTattoo and Information,exploring tattoos as an information and communication phenomenon from multicultural perspectives and various use purposes. The overall purpose of the project is to provide insight into information seeking and experience in the context of tattoos to identify information literacy, visual literacy and cultural literacy skills as well as communications skills necessary for a successful tattoo experience in Aotearoa New Zealand. In this paper, we present findings from the literature review accompanied by preliminary insights from four interviews. The findings reflect thematic areas of research focusing on tattoos and gaps that exist. We used interviews to capture what topics emerge from tattoo narratives and whether they align with topics and gaps identified in the literature review. Based on the findings, we identify areas for future research.
What is a Good Visualization for Digital Humanities Researchers? An Exploratory Study
Authors: Ma Rongqian , Xiao Fanghui
Published: October 2021

Visualization in digital humanities (DH) has developed into a charged topic as increasing numbers of humanities researchers begin to work with machine‐readable data. The current research literature on DH visualization has primarily approached the subject from a theoretical perspective, arguing the humanistic visualization should fundamentally differ from scientific visualization to represent the distinct nature of humanities data and inquiries. However, few studies have tried to empirically understand what it means to be agoodvisualization for humanities researchers and practitioners. This study aims to bridge this research gap by offering an exploratory investigation into researchers' perceptions on visualization, particularly how they evaluate a visualization in humanities research. Through 10 semi‐structured interviews with humanities scholars engaging in digital work, our study demonstrates that perceptions of a quality visualization among the humanities researchers are closely related to researchers' purposes of using visualization and their self‐confidence in visualization knowledge and skills. This study serves as a baseline for future empirical research on DH visualization and potentially informs the best practices for humanistic visualizations.
Policies, Procedures, and Decision‐Making: Data Managers and the Research Lifecycle
Authors: Million A.J. , Bossaller Jenny S.
Published: October 2021

Research data is an asset. Researchers may be required to provide access to their data by scientific funders or academic journals and deposit their data in archives. Managers of archives are guided by principles, policies, and the law when curating and providing access to data. Practices around data storage and access, however, are not always cut and dry; research data managers sometimes need to interpret policies. This paper presents findings from qualitative interviews with 15 data managers from 8 repositories in the U.S. These repositories were all affiliated with universities but served varied constituents and provided a range of services. Differences revealed opportunities and challenges in managing data repositories regarding, for instance, who can access data and the level of protection data requires. We also found that data‐related policy challenges may stem from any stage of the research lifecycle.
Interpreting Police Video: A Pilot Study
Authors: Newell Bryce Clayton
Published: October 2021

The visual records police body‐worn cameras (BWCs) produce are frequently characterized as presenting more complete, comprehensive, and objective evidence of police‐public encounters than other forms of evidence. Despite a growing body of research on the social impacts of BWCs, we still lack a rich understanding of what information these technologies provide viewers. This ongoing exploratory project examines how people interpret what they see in BWC footage and what judgments they make about the appropriateness of depicted police conduct. Drawing from interviews with twelve students and twelve sworn police officers, I present initial exploratory findings. Participants viewed BWC video of a police‐public contact in which an officer stops a man on a sidewalk to question him, resulting in a foot chase and, ultimately, an arrest. When asked whether the officer's behavior was justified, police officer participants were more likely to focus on things like police training, procedure, and legality to justify the officer's action, while student participants were more likely to focus on the officer's demeanor, reporting that he should have been calmer and may have escalated the situation by not explaining clearly why he had initiated the stop.
Journals as Communities: A Case Study of Core Journals in LIS
Authors: Nicolaisen Jeppe , Frandsen Tove Faber
Published: October 2021

This paper proposes an indicator for measuring the level of commitment to academic journals. The indicator is demonstrated on a sample of core LIS‐journals. By monitoring authorship patterns over a 20‐year period, it is shown that some journals have a higher frequency of returning authors than others, consequently showing a larger degree of community commitment. The paper discusses how the indicator may be applied when studying factors influencing researchers' journal selection decisions.
Patterns of Subject Metadata Change in MARC 21 Bibliographic Records for Video Recordings
Authors: Zavalin Vyacheslav , Zavalina Oksana L. , Safa Rachel
Published: October 2021

Study reported in this paper analyzed over twenty thousand machine‐readable library metadata records in MARC 21 bibliographic format that are based on Resource Description and Access (RDA) standard. The focus of this analysis is on change in subject metadata—data elements designed for representing the aboutness of information objects—over a 6‐year period between 2014 and 2020. The analyzed dataset is the entire population of the records representing English‐language video recordings in DVD format in WorldCat database as of one year after official transition to RDA data content standard in library metadata creation. Analysis of metadata representing audiovisual materials is needed as audiovisual metadata practices tend to differ from those for other materials due to high occurrence of unique resources. The study includes quantitative and qualitative analyses into the change in the application of data elements (fields and subfields) over time and categorizes the observed change.
Text to Insight: Accelerating Organic Materials Knowledge Extraction via Deep Learning
Authors: Zhao Xintong , Lopez Steven , Saikin Semion , Hu Xiaohua , Greenberg Jane
Published: October 2021

Scientific literature is one of the most significant resources for sharing knowledge. Researchers turn to scientific literature as a first step in designing an experiment. Given the extensive and growing volume of literature, the common approach of reading and manually extracting knowledge is too time consuming, creating a bottleneck in the research cycle. This challenge spans nearly every scientific domain. For the materials science, experimental data distributed across millions of publications are extremely helpful for predicting materials properties and the design of novel materials. However, only recently researchers have explored computational approaches for knowledge extraction primarily for inorganic materials. This study aims to explore knowledge extraction for organic materials. We built a research dataset composed of 855 annotated and 708,376 unannotated sentences drawn from 92,667 abstracts. We used named‐entity‐recognition (NER) with BiLSTM‐CNN‐CRF deep learning model to automatically extract key knowledge from literature. Early‐phase results show a high potential for automated knowledge extraction. The paper presents our findings and a framework for supervised knowledge extraction that can be adapted to other scientific domains.
Measurement of Interdisciplinarity: Quantifying Distance‐Based Disparity Using Node2vec
Authors: Zhou Hongyu , Guns Raf , Engels Tim C. E.
Published: October 2021

When quantifying the level of interdisciplinarity for scientific research, most established indicators employ a three‐element diversity framework, namely variety, balance, and disparity, each of which captures a distinct but insufficient element. Among three, disparity, i.e. how different (dissimilar) the categories within a system are, is the most challenging one due to its calculation cost and conceptual ambiguity. The discriminative power for disparity is found to be weakened in more fine‐grained science classification schemes. To address this issue, this paper proposes a new method for quantifying disparity by applying Node2vec on the discipline citation network and retrieving distance between disciplines using embeddings vectors. Compared to cosine‐based dissimilarity for disparity, our proposed method exhibited broader distribution and less skewness for disparity values, which could potentially lead to higher discriminative power of interdisciplinarity. A case study for Linguistics is also conducted to show the capability of detecting variations in disparity of the proposed method.
Career Development in Knowledge Management
Authors: Allen Jeff , An Lu , Hofman Darra , Islam Anwarul , Pfeiffer Heather D.
Published: October 2021

This is a SIG‐KM sponsored panel presented by members of the SIG‐KM officer team. First, the panel will overview their experience in knowledge management (KM) as scholars and scholar‐practitioners. They will briefly discuss their career development successes and hurdles as a roadmap for others to follow. Second, the panel will discuss career pathways for KM scholars and scholar‐practitioners in a global knowledge economy. Finally, they will hold an open discussion with audience members to share their experiences, expectations and hopes for the KM and the broader field of information science. [90 minute session].
Expanding Our Conceptions of Embodied and Affective Information Interactions with Queer Theory
Authors: Floegel Diana , Wagner Travis L. , Delmonaco Daniel , Watson B. M.
Published: October 2021

Embodiment and affect are understudied in information science work to date. Literature that engages with embodied information interactions typically focuses on physical bodies, while work on affect largely centers people's emotional experiences in formal knowledge institutions like libraries. Room therefore exists to grow in our understanding of embodiment and affect, particularly in terms of theorizing how bodies and feelings factor into a wide range of information experiences from non‐dominant standpoints. This panel centers queer experiences and queer theory in order to expand conceptions of and connections between embodied and affective dimensions of information interactions. Panelists will present a range of research that examines queer people's practices and experiences with information in historical, archival, creative, and health‐related domains. Bodies and emotions are essential components of critical queer theoretical perspectives, meaning that scholarship which centers queerness and its intersections with constructs like race has great potential to expand many branches of information science further beyond their normative bents. In concert, topics discussed should spark conversation among attendees about the theoretical and practical benefits of deeply studying embodiment and affect and further utilizing critical theory in multiple domains within the information science discipline.
Community Resilience Through Diversity
Authors: Fulton Crystal , Huvila Isto , Pestana Olívia Manuela Marques , Tammaro Anna Maria , Liu Ying‐Hsang , Akça Sümeyye
Published: October 2021

The COVID‐19 pandemic has brought about a pivot in people's practice of their daily life and work, in particular a pivot towards virtual living and working. Sponsored by the ASIS&T European Chapter, this panel discusses the diverse ways in which this has affected different communities within Europe, bearing in mind the varying languages, economic and political situations, and library and information structures within different European countries. Following on from presentations giving diverse perspectives from five European countries, we will ask session participants to reflect on the impact of the pivot on living and working in their own context, their coping mechanisms, and likely impact on the future.
Social Media, Vaccines, and Partisan Division of Health Information
Authors: Hagen Loni , Greyson Devon , Fox Ashley , Koltai Kolina , Dumas Catherine
Published: October 2021

Vaccine confidence and uptake is essential to achieving herd immunity levels sufficient to end the COVID‐19 pandemic; however, polarized and partisan discussion on vaccines have increased the difficulty of achieving sufficient vaccine coverage in the population. As individual's health information seeking behaviors diversify, studies suggest that social media is a major “battle ground” for shaping attitudes toward vaccines. Interdisciplinary experts on vaccine discourse will discuss the information context of the vaccine debate, political influence, and attitudes towards science and vaccines against the backdrop of social media. This panel is expected to contribute to the field of information science by invoking a conversation on social media, an important information communication technology, as a field of study that inter‐connects the most current vaccine conversation with theories of partisan behavior of health information and affordance of technology. This panel is sponsored by SIG SM.
History and Heritage Update
Authors: Hall Deanna Morrow , Buckland Michael K. , Duguid Paul
Published: October 2021

Major new developments in the history and heritage of ASIS&T and of information science generally are presented. First, the progress of the ASIS&T Curator's Working Group's strategic plan for ASIST's knowledge management and for stewardship of its heritage resources will be presented by Deanna Hall, the ASIS&T Curator. Second, the ambitious program of the ASIS&T History Committee to encourage attention to historical work by promoting open access to past publications and the creation of guides to resources will be reported by the Committee chair, Michael Buckland. Third, the emergence of extensive humanities research on information history, newly summarized in new encyclopedic collection Information: A historical companion (2021), will be introduced and characterized by Paul Duguid, a contributor and co‐editor.
Welcome to Information Science Sponsored by SIG‐HFIS
Authors: Hartel Jenna , Bates Marcia J. , Bhattarai Vishma , Gray LaVerne , Keilty Patrick
Published: October 2021

This panel engages conference attendees in the history and foundations of information science and provides an opportunity to reflect upon our field's current and future identity(s). It enacts the following scenario: At an orientation event for an information science program a spokesperson gives incoming students a brief address on the theme, “Welcome to information science.” Six imaginative but authentic versions of that talk are offered here. To showcase the variety of approaches to information science across the past century, each disquisition is inspired by the work of one luminary, namely: Paul Otlet, S. R. Ranganathan, Jesse H. Shera, Elfreda Chatman, and Marcia J. Bates. In an effort to encourage a more spacious information science, an indigenous perspective on ways of knowing is also included. Attendees to this session will time‐travel across almost 100 years of information science history and ultimately rest in the reality of a multi‐perspective discipline.
Documenting Information Processes and Practices: Paradata, Provenance Metadata, Life‐Cycles and Pipelines
Authors: Huvila Isto , Greenberg Jane , Sköld Olle , Thomer Andrea , Trace Ciaran , Zhao Xintong
Published: October 2021

Processes and practices—and in general, informational doings and their diverse constellations—are pertinent elements of the information landscape. This panel presents research on documentation and description of processes and practices in the information field addressing: 1) how different conceptualisations of processes and practices influence how they emerge as describable entities; 2) what different approaches to document and describe processes and practices exist and have been proposed in information science and technology research; 3) what aspects of processes and practices different documentation approaches capture, make visible and invisible; and 4) what novel insights from the current state‐of‐the‐art research can be drawn to support practitioners in different areas of the information field, including knowledge organisation, information management, information literacy instruction, and development of information systems and services.
Data Discovery and Reuse in Data Service Practices: A Global Perspective
Authors: Liu Ying‐Hsang , Chen Hsin‐Liang (Oliver) , Kato Makoto P. , Wu Mingfang , Gregory Kathleen
Published: October 2021

The proposed panel will address the issues of the discovery and reuse of publicly available data on the web in the context of data service practices from a global perspective. Thousands of data discovery services have appeared around the world since the promotion of “open science”, reproducible research, and the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) data principles in the research sector. However, there is also increasing demand for transparency of search algorithms, and in the design, development, evaluation, and deployment of current data search services; this requires a better understanding of how users approach data discovery and interact with data in search settings. From a global perspective, we will identify and discuss the specific system design issues in data discovery and reuse, drawing on our organization of the NTCIR (NII Testbeds and Community for Information access Research) project of Data Search track, the design and evaluation of the data discovery service of the Australian Research Data Commons (ARDC), and studies examining researchers' practices of data discovery and reuse.
Updates to Information Standards and Standardization Efforts
Authors: Needleman Mark , Hlava Marjorie , Zeng Marcia Lei , Dickey Timothy
Published: October 2021

This panel, sponsored by the ASIS&T Standards Committee, has two purposes. First, the panel reports the most recent activities of the national and international standards in the field of information science and technologies in which the ASIS&T Standards Committee and members have been involved. Second, the panel will focus on a number of significant standardization efforts, their important roles, and the challenges in dealing with semantic conflicts while addressing inclusion and relevance to ensure non‐bias in information representation and the FAIRness of data. Those efforts have led to the globally adopted standard systems, vocabularies, and schemas, which will be introduced by this panel.
Information Injustice and Intellectual Freedom: Polarizing Concepts for a Polarizing Time
Authors: Oltmann Shannon M. , Ndumu Ana , Knox Emily J.M. , Burgess John T.F.
Published: October 2021

Historically, information professionals have advocated for intellectual freedom, specifically the rights to free speech and expression. The unrestricted flow of information has been foundational to library and information science practice. Yet, free speech at times is protected to the detriment of vulnerable communities. In this panel discussion, four library and information science researchers discuss the scholarly and pragmatic tensions surrounding LIS ethics and anti‐hegemony. Using Chatman's (1996) concept of information poverty and Gibson and Martin's (2019) theory of information marginalization as discursive guides, the panelists will describe how they negotiate ethical principles, information justice, LIS professionalization, and social inclusion.