bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phosphoproteomic Analyses of Circulating Platelets from Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure Patients
Authors: Xiuhua Jiang , Xiaoting Tang , Weihao Liang , Chen Jinjun
Published: January 2024

Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a syndrome with high short-term
mortality. Rapidly occurring or exacerbated thrombocytopenia which is
closely associated with adverse clinical outcomes has been frequently
observed in ACLF patients. Novel approaches are needed to clarify how
thrombocytopenia occurs and how platelet function is altered in ACLF
patients. Using phosphorylated proteomic approaches with circulating
platelets from five pairs of ACLF patients, we discovered that altered
proteins might compromise regulation of actin cytoskeleton in
circulating platelets from ACLF patients ceased within 28 days compared
with those who survived. To our knowledge, this study is the first to
examine the phosphoproteomic profile of circulating platelets in
patients with liver failure. This dataset will be helpful for further
elucidation of the mechanisms underlying thrombocytopenia and its
potential pathogenic roles in ACLF.
Jurinea stenocarpa (Asteraceae, Cardueae), a new species from north-west of Iran
Authors: Mirtadzadini Mansour
Published: January 2024

Jurinea stenocarpa is described as a new species based on morphological
characters. The new species is morphologically close to J. monocephala
and J. sintenisii mainly by having semiglobose involucre and scapose
stems but differs in plant indumentum, shape of phyllaries and features
of achene and size of pappus rays. This species is a mountainous
Irano-Turanian element distributed in north-west of Iran, Azarbaijan
region. The specimens of this species were collected from Aqdagh
Mountain in Ardabil Province (type locality) and Pir-Saqqa Mountain in
Eastern Azarbaijan Province. Description, photos, distribution map and a
diagnostic key to the new species and its close species are presented.
Ultrasound-mediated Monodesulfonation of Polyphenol Sulfonate and One-pot Generation of Alkyl Aryl Ether under Solvent-free Conditions
Authors: Ma Jianpeng , Li Yalin , Wu Pengjun , Zhao Jinhua , Zheng Weixin
Published: January 2024

An effective approach for monodesulfonation of polyphenol sulfonate
under ultrasonic irradiation was reported. Series of substituted ortho-,
meta- or para-hydroxylphenol sulfonates or 5-hydroxy-1,3-phenylene
bis(4-methylbenzenesulfonate) were obtained specifically in the presence
of sodium hydroxide in acetonitrile. With treatment of potassium
carbonate in alcohol, alkyloxylphenol sulfonates was provided via
one-pot monodesulfanation followed by alkylation under ultrasonicated
solvent-free conditions. The alcohol had been re-garded as green
alkylation reagent. The results of the exploration of the scalability of
monodesulfonation and one-pot monodesulfona-tion-alkylation of
resorcinol bissulfonate indicated that such modes had the potential
application value in scale production.
Immunotherapeutic mechanisms of ag85a/b DNA vaccine and its recovery effect on M. tuberculosis-induced injury
Authors: Wang Nan , Wu Xueqiong , Liang Yan , Ma Qianqian , Mi Jie , Xue Yong , Yang Yourong , Wang Lan
Published: January 2024

Our previous research developed a novel tuberculosis (TB) DNA vaccine
ag85a/b showed a significant therapeutic effect on the mouse
tuberculosis model by intramuscular injection (IM) and electroporation
(EP). However, the action mechanisms between these two vaccine
immunization methods remain unclear. In a previous study, 96 M.
tuberculosis (MTB) H37Rv-infected BALB/c mice were treated with PBS,
10μg, 50μg, 100μg, and 200μg ag85a/b DNA vaccine delivered by IM and EP
three times at two-week intervals, respectively. In this study,
peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 3 mice in each group
were isolated to extract total RNA. The gene expression profiles were
analyzed using gene microarray technology to obtain differentially
expressed (DE) genes. Finally, DE genes were validated by real-time
reverse transcription-quantitive PCR (RT-qPCR) and the GEO database.
After MTB infection, most of the up-regulated DE genes were related to
the digestion and absorption of nutrients or neuroendocrine, for
example, Iapp, Scg2, Chga, Amy2a5, etc, and most of the down-regulated
DE genes were related to cellular structural and functional proteins,
especially the structure and function proteins of alveolar epithelial
cell, for example, Sftpc, Sftpd, Pdpn, etc. Most of the abnormally
up-regulated or down-regulated DE genes in the TB model group were
recovered in the 100μg and 200μg ag85a/b DNA IM groups and four DNA EP
groups. The pancreatic secretion pathway down-regulated and Rap1 signal
pathway up-regulated had particularly significant changes during the
immunotherapy of the ag85a/b DNA vaccine on the mouse TB model. The
action target and mechanism of IM and EP are highly consistent.
Tuberculosis infection caused rapid catabolism and slow anabolism in
mice. For the first time, we found that the effective dose of the
ag85a/b DNA vaccine immunized whether by IM or EP could significantly
up-regulate immune-related pathways and recover the metabolic disorder
and the injury caused by MTB.
A new distributional record of Psammogeton canescens subsp. cabulicus (Apiaceae) for Indian Flora
Authors: Bhellum B. L.
Published: January 2024

Psammogeton canescens subsp. cabulicus Wagenitz
(Apiaceae), a new distributional record for the Flora of India is
investigated in this work from Jammu district Jammu and Kashmir. Some
intriguing plants were collected from the district Jammu between 2010
and 2018 as part of a field survey in the south-west regions, district
Jammu of the state of Jammu and Kashmir. The taxa differing from others
subspecies of the species by having lateral branches far exceeding the
main axis, bracts ±2 mm long, bracteoles ±1.3 mm long, fruit 1.4 to 2.0
mm long. For ease in identification, a brief description, a key to
subspecies of Psammogeton canescens and photographs of the plant and its
parts are provided.
Diversity in the clinical course and outcome of COVID-19 in patients with different inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) can be associated with type of IEIs
Authors: salemi negin , Shojaie Behrokh , Bolourinejad Paria , Sherkat Roya , Zamanifar Aryana , Ghaedrahmati Farhoodeh , Azizi Mahdieh , Aria Hamid
Published: January 2024

Purpose: Due to limited and heterogeneous reports, there is still no
information on the relationship between the type of inborn errors of
immunity (IEIs) and two main parameters including the incidence rate and
severity of COVID-19. Therefore, this study aims to introduce IEIs that
may increase the chance of SARS‑CoV‑2 infection or have the highest
probability of risk for a severe type of COVID-19 before vaccination.
Methods: Data was collected through medical documents obtained from 15
patients with different IEIs and interviews with those who experienced
COVID-19 before vaccination and enrolled in our IEIs registry. Results:
Only three patients (20%), two men with Bruton Disease (BD) and one
woman with Autosomal Recessive Hypogammaglobinemia (ARH), experienced
severe-prolonged COVID-19. The frequency of patients with moderate and
severe COVID-19 was equal (13.33%). In the female group, one patient
with Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) and one patient with
Combined Immunodeficiency (CID) had moderate and severe forms of
COVID-19, respectively. In contrast, both men who experienced moderate
and severe COVID-19 were suffering from BD. Conclusion: Although a small
number of patients with BD, CID, and ARH experienced severe and severe-
prolonged COVID-19, no formation of cytokine storm was observed,
probably owing to IVIG therapy and congenital disorders in the formation
or function of cells producing cytokines (B&T cells). Therefore, IEIs
not only cannot be a crucial risk factor for COVID-19 but also may
provide a great research opportunity to find potential therapies for the
prevention of severe COVID-19 through the temporary suppression of some
immune system components.
Interleukin-37 suppresses oxidized-LDL induced pro-osteogenic response by downregulating NF-κB and PERK-eIF2alpha-ATF4 pathways in human coronary artery endothelial cells
Authors: Li Jilin , Zhang Changyi , Hou Kaijian , Yan Xianfeng , Huang Xiaojun , Hu Liemin , Cai Xiangna
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE: Coronary atherosclerosis is an age-related disease
that originates from osteogenic differentiation of coronary arterial
endothelial cells (CAECs) induced by intimal injury. CAECs express
excess levels of osteogenic factors in response to oxidative stress.
This study aims to investigate the effect of IL-37 on high cellular
level of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) -induced CAECs and
its potential mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cultured CAECs
were randomly divided into two groups: control group and IL-37
pretreatment group. Cells were cultured with ox-LDL (0, 40, or 80μg/ml)
for 0h,1h,2h,3h, respectively. Western blot analysis and real-time PCR
were performed to assess the associated gene and protein expression,
respectively.ATF-4 and Phosphorylated eIF2α were identified by
immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS: Treatment of HCAECs with
recombinant human IL-37 inhibits BMP-2 and ALP protein expression and
down-regulates phosphorylated-NF-κB p65 expression(p<0.05). In
vitro, HCAECs pretreated with recombinant human IL-37 exhibit
significantly low level of phosphorylated PERK and eIF2α and diminished
AFT-4 expression compared to control group (p<0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that IL-37 suppresses
pro-osteogenic responses induced by ox-LDL that result in
down-regulation of NF-κB and PERK-eIF2α-ATF4 pathways in HCAECs. Since
these pro-osteogenic factors are involved in smooth muscle cell
calcification. Our study indicates IL-37 could have therapeutic
potential for the treatment of progressive coronary artery calcification
(CAC).
Synthesis and antioxidant properties of psoralen derivatives
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Ping , Zhou Dang-Nan , Xi Gao-Lei , Wang Yun-Long , Wu Yun-Jie
Published: January 2024

Five psoralen derivatives were synthesized and the structures of them
were characterized by H NMR and C
NMR. The antioxidant properties of the compounds were tested by
inhibiting the free radical-initiated DNA oxidation and quenching the
radical reaction. The results showed that the effective stoichiometric
factors (n) of the compounds V and IV could reach 2.00 and 2.11
in the system of inhibiting the DNA oxidation reaction initiated by
2,2’-Azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH). In the
inhibition of •OH-oxidation of the DNA system, compounds I
~ V showed antioxidant properties. The thiobarbituric
acid absorbance (TBARS) per-centages of compounds IV and V were 76.19%
and 78.84%, which were comparable to Trolox (71%). Compounds I
~ V could also in-hibit Cu2+/GSH-oxidation of DNA, and
all compounds exhibited good antioxidant properties except compound II
(94.00%). All the five compounds were able to trap diammonium
2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) salt radical
(ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical
(DPPH•) and
2,6-di-tert-butyl-alpha-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-oxo-2,5-cyclohexadien-p-tolylox
radical (galvinoxyl•). The ability of compounds I ~ V to
scavenge those free radicals can be measured by the k values. The
k values ranged from 0.07 to 0.82 in scavenging
ABTS, galvinoxyl and DPPH radicals, respectively.
Association of Circulating levels of IL-6 and IL-10 in the Mid Gestation of Pregnant Women with the History of RPL and Extent of pregnancy losses: A South Indian Study
Authors: Jameel Sufaya , Jahan Parveen
Published: January 2024

Problem: RPL is loss of two or more clinical pregnancies before 20th
week of gestation. Globally, 1-5% couples are affected, with 50%
idiopathic RPL cases. Method of Study: The study aimed to assess the
circulating levels of IL-6 and IL-10 cytokines. A total of 170 pregnant
women in their second-trimester with and without the history of RPL were
enrolled from Niloufer Hospital, south-India. Serum samples isolated
from blood were subjected to ELISA for the estimation of the above
cytokines. Results: Analysis of data revealed significantly elevated
IL-6 and reduced IL-10 levels in RPL group compared to NRPL group
(P=0.0001). Moreover, IL-6/IL-10 ratio differed significantly between
the two study groups. ROC curve analysis for cytokine ratios were
superior to individual IL-6 and IL-10 cytokines for RPL group over the
NRPL group. Further, data from RPL group (2 and >2
pregnancy losses) revealed heightened inflammation in >2
pregnancy losses compared to 2 losses. These results clearly indicate
that pro-inflammatory systemic milieu exist in the mid gestation of
pregnant women with the history of RPL that may be reflecting
feto-palcental environment. Conclusion: Further studies creating a
cytokine signature for these two groups may help in developing better
preventive/management strategies by cytokine based therapeutics.
The habitat preferences of Idiosepius pygmaeus and their use of conspecific cues
Authors: Jenkins Tess L. , Strugnell Jan , Spady Blake
Published: January 2024

The two-toned pygmy squid ( Idiosepius pygmaeus, Streenstrup,
1881) is a small, tropical cephalopod that inhabits seagrass meadows and
is known to attach to blades of seagrass using a specialised adhesive
organ. A global decline in seagrass habitat due to anthropogenic
disturbances may threaten the species that rely on seagrass meadows for
shelter, foraging and other crucial activities. It is unclear if
I. pygmaeus can utilise alternative habitats in the absence of
seagrass. Here, we test the effect of habitat type, material and
composition type, and the presence of conspecifics on the settlement
preferences of I. pygmaeus. Individuals each underwent three
separate experiments: 1) testing the preference between their known
habitat, Zostera muelleri subsp. Capricorni and potential
substitute, Sargassum, 2) testing the preference to attach to a
natural or artificial structure of similar shape and size, and 3)
testing the preference of identical habitats, one with a conspecific
adhered to and one without. We found that I. pygmaeus did not
have a strong preference for either Zostera or Sargassum.
However, a strong preference was found for attachment to the natural
structure over the artificial one. There was also strong evidence for
the use of conspecific cues in habitat choice, with 75% of individuals
selecting the habitat that contained a conspecific. As habitat loss is
the leading cause of species extinction, the knowledge of habitat
preferences for I. pygmaeus is vital in order to assess their
risk of population decline. The findings of this study suggest that
I. pygmaeus could utilise an alternative habitat in the presence
of seagrass meadow reduction, which is under threat from human activity.
Stem cell-based therapy for rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Moghaddam1 Maryam , Mousavi Mohammad Javad , Ghotloo Somayeh
Published: January 2024

Autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE),
rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and systemic sclerosis (SSc) are the most
prevalent rheumatic autoimmune disorders affecting autologous connective
tissues caused by the breakdown of the self-tolerance mechanisms of the
immune system. During the last two decades, stem cell therapy has been
increasingly considered as a therapeutic option in various diseases,
including parkinson’s disease, alzheimer, stroke, spinal cord injury,
multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, liver disease, diabete,
heart disease, bone disease, renal disease, respiratory diseases, and
hematological abnormalities such as anemia. This is due to the unique
properties of stem cells that divide and differentiate to the
specialized cells in the damaged tissue. Moreover, they impose
immunomodulatory properties affecting the diseases caused by
immunological abnormalities such as rheumatic autoimmune disorders. In
the present review, efficacy of stem cell therapy with two main types of
stem cells, including mesenchymal stem cells, and hematopoietic stem
cells in animal models or human patients of one common rheumatic
autoimmune diseases, including, RA, will be reviewed. Moreover, other
related issues, including safety, changes in immunological parameters,
suitable choice of stem cell origin, conditioning regimen, limitations,
and complications of stem cell treatment will be discussed.
The relation between children’s emotional intelligence and aggressive behavior: Mediating roles of positive affect and negative affect
Authors: Gao QiuFeng , Tang WenYi , Yang YunCui , Fu En
Published: January 2024

This study aims to investigated whether positive affect and negative
affect mediated the link between emotional intelligence and aggressive
behaviors. A total of 410 primary school students from ShenZhen, China
(54.6% male; Mage = 10.35, SD = 0.48, range from 10 to 11 years)
completed questionnaires regarding emotional intelligence, aggressive
behavior, positive affect, and negative affect. The results show that
(a) emotional intelligence was negatively associated with children’s
aggressive behavior; (b) negative affect partially mediated the link
between emotional intelligence and aggressive behaviors in children, and
(c) positive affect and negative affect sequentially mediated the above
link. These discoveries may contribute to intervention and prevention
programs for children’s aggressive behavior.
Decreased CD4 and CD8 count are responsible for severity of COVID-19 infection
Authors: Ishaq Yasir , Malik Muhammad Omar , Yousafzai Yasar Mehmood , Qubtia Maria , Khan Imran Ullah , Mir Awal
Published: January 2024

Background: T-cell immunity is essential to effectively combat
the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). In this research, the absolute
T-cell CD4 and CD8 counts by flow cytometry were measured and the
CD4:CD8 ratio in COVID-19 infected individuals was assessed. This
investigation will help researchers to better understand the immune
reaction to COVID-19 infection leading to improved medical and
diagnostic outcomes. Methods: Peripheral blood samples were
taken from 26 critically sick and 26 non-critically sick COVID-19
individuals of comparable age and sex. Absolute WBC count, absolute
lymphocyte count, and platelet count were checked and flow cytometry was
performed to calculate the absolute CD4 and CD8 T cells counts.
Results: The critically ill COVID-19 patients were older
(p<0.001) than non-critically sick COVID-19 individuals. In
patients who got critically ill, absolute lymphocyte count (p=0.004),
absolute CD4 count (p=0.002) and absolute CD8 counts (p=0.014) were low.
However, the CD4:CD8 ratio did not differ substantially across the
groups (p=0.538). The two groups did not differ in terms of gender.
Absolute monocyte count (p=0.01) and absolute eosinophil count (p=0.01)
were reduced significantly in critically sick patients as compared to
non-critically sick COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: When
compared to COVID-19 patients who weren’t in critical condition, the
absolute lymphocyte count, CD4 count, and CD8 count of critically sick
COVID-19 patients were significantly lower. This revealed that the lack
of adequate cellular immune responses in critically sick COVID-19
patients may be the cause of the disease severity.
Highly efficient organic host/guest phosphorescent system with tunable lifetime and color
Authors: zhang changli , Lou Lingyun , Li Yuzhan , Sun Sirong , Hu Wentuo , Wang Kainan , Zhao Xiaohui , Wang Dong , Cao Hui , He Wanli , Yang Zhou
Published: January 2024

The tunability of organic room temperature phosphorescent (RTP) system
is important but rarely reported. In this work, we report a series of
host/guest ultralong organic room temperature phosphorescent materials
with lifetime- and color-tuning properties. By doping a non-room
temperature phosphorescence guest emitter 1, 8-Naphthalimide (NI) into a
series of solid host matrices with higher triplet energy levels, the
lifetime (0.20 s - 0.81 s) and color (yellow - green) of multiple RTP
materials are realized. As the excitation wavelength is switched from
365 nm to 254 nm, the phosphorescent color changes significantly and the
phosphorescent lifetime increases by a factor of almost two. Notably,
the unique dual emission (fluorescence and phosphorescence) of the doped
material 4BrBa-NI resulted in a different orange emission. The
host/guest doping materials are prepared through co-crystallization or
grinding, allowing for an efficient energy transfer from guest to host.
The results indicate that strong intermolecular interactions and the
intersystem crossing (ISC) ability of the guest play a significant role.
In addition, the security protection and anti-counterfeit encryption
applications for RTP materials are realized through various methods,
such as handwritten pens, screen printing, and dynamic recognition of QR
code, which significantly improves the commercial viability of the RTP
materials.
Resolvin D1 prompts inflammation resolution in ACLF rats by increasing the proportion of Treg
Authors: Chen Linjun , Huang Yixuan , Chen Yizhen , Chen Jiaxuan , You Xueye , Zou Laiyu , Chen Jiabing , Chen Zhixin , Wang Xiaozhong , Huang Yuehong
Published: January 2024

Objective: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) causes organ system
failures and the high mortality, and there is currently a lack of
effective means of prevention. The purpose of the study was to explore
the therapeutic effects of Resolvin D1 (RvD1) on ACLF rats and its
underlying mechanism. Methods: ACLF rat model was constructed by
intraperitoneally injecting CCl4 and porcine serum for 6 weeks and then
induced acute liver injury by treating with both LPS and D-Galn. The
ACLF rats were pretreated with different doses of RvD1 (0.3 or 1 ug/kg)
before the acute liver injury. Biochemical analysis, H&E and sirius red
staining, flow cytometry assay and real-time PCR were used to assess rat
liver histopathological injury, determine the Treg cell frequencies in
spleen and the mRNA levels of transcription factors and immunologic
cytokines in liver. Results: The necro-inflammatory scores and the serum
levels of transaminase significantly increased in ACLF model rats
compared to those in normal control rats, with the peak at 8 h. Low-dose
of RvD1 could limit necrosis and inflammation and decrease the ALT level
of ACLF rats. The degree of damage in ACLF rats was related to the
increased mRNA levels of IL-17 and IL-6 in the ACLF rats’ liver and Treg
cells reduction in the spleen. Low-dose of RvD1 could protect against
liver injury in ACLF rats, as indicated by increasing Treg cell
frequency in rats’ spleen and the mRNA levels of Foxp3/RORγ and
decreasing the expression of both IL-6 and IL-17. Conclusion: Low-dose
of RvD1 plays a protective role in ACLF rats by increasing the
proportion of Treg cells. It is the first time to reveal the function of
RvD1 in the treatment of ACLF. This work may help us clarify the
pathogenesis of ACLF and find effective therapeutic drugs for ACLF.
Receptor for advanced glycation end-product (RAGE) modulates inflammation during tick infestation
Authors: Tsuji Naotoshi , Anisuzzaman Dr. , Alim Md. Abdul , Matsubyashi Makoto , Hossain Md. Shahadat , Labony Sharmin Shahid , Shanta Ireen Sultana , Ali Md. Haydar , Yamamoto Yasuhiko , Hatta Takeshi
Published: January 2024

Ticks are notorious blood-sucking ectoparasites affecting both humans
and animals, and serve as a unique vector of various deadly diseases.
Ticks are pool feeder and extensive tissue damage is a common feature in
hosts’ skin during their feeding. Here, we have elegantly shown the
roles of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) during
repeated tick infestations. Initially (day1), ticks attached hypostome
into the skin making a notch on the epidermis associated with cellular
damage and infiltrations, and there were no hemorrhagic changes. In
advanced stages (day5), a large blood pool developed, which was flooded
with blood (RBC). The hemorrhagic zone was surrounded by the presence of
inflammatory cells. Very few inflammatory cells were detected around the
zone of hemorrhage in the primary infestation. In the primary
infestation, we found very few eosinophils up to day4 of feeding. At
day5 of post attachment, eosinophil infiltration a little bit increased
at the periphery of blood pool. Infiltrations of inflammatory cells
increased in the subsequent infestations and reached to the highest
level in the 3 infestation in wild type (wt) mice,
but not in RAGE-/- mice, which was comparable to the non-infested
control mouse skin. RAGE was highly expressed in the 3
infestation in wt mice. Interestingly, in the
tertiary infestation, infiltration of innate lymphoid cells type 2
(ILC2s), expression of S100A8 and S100B, and peripheral eosinophil
counts significantly increased at the biting sites of ticks in wt, but
not in RAGE mice. Taken together, our study
revealed that RAGE-mediated inflammation and eosinophils played crucial
roles in the tick induced inflammatory reactions.
Meta-Analysis of Human Toll-Like Receptor-1 Polymorphisms rs4833095 and rs5743618 and Leprosy Development
Authors: C Luana dos Santos K , P Susana Oliveira , S Everly dos Menezes , C Bárbara dos Santos R , E Lucia Alvarado-Arnez , Sales-Marques Carolinne
Published: January 2024

Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease, with genetics fundamentally
responsible for its outcome. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in
immune response genes have been shown to participate in the disease.
Human Toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1) in leprosy infection recognizes cell
wall components and activates immunological responses, polymorphisms in
TLR1 genes may control disease progression. Studies investigating
SNPs in TLR1 have not reached a consensus. We performed a
meta-analysis to evaluate the participation of TLR1 SNPs in
leprosy infection. For that purpose, we searched online databases
PubMed, LILACS, Scopus, and ScienceDirect for original articles
investigating TLR1 polymorphisms and leprosy. Of 382 studies
found, eight were included, and only two SNPs had sufficient studies to
carry out the analysis: rs4833095 and rs5743618. No association was
found for either of the SNPs evaluated. Only rs4833095 had enough
studies to perform a subgroup analysis which also did not reach
statistical significance. In conclusion, we demonstrated that the SNPs
rs4833095 and rs5743618 were not associated with leprosy in this
meta-analysis. We address the need for more studies with both SNPs once
TLR1 is an essential receptor in M. leprae infection.
Nexus between ethnobotany and urban life: native plants customarily used as medicine and food in Karachi, Pakistan (country’s largest metropolis)
Authors: Perveen Anjum , Ijaz Shabir , Iqbal Javed , Ashraf Saima , Kousar Shazia
Published: January 2024

Traditional medicine uses and knowledge is more famous and well
documented in rural/remote areas in Pakistan and worldwide than the
urban areas. The present effort was made to document the ethnomedicinal
practices among the communities of Karachi city and provides the basis
for the development of natural drug discovery. We are aware of no other
quantitative ethnobotanical investigation on the use of medicinal plants
in the study area prior to this study. For ethnobotanical data
collection, 177 local informants and traditional healers were
interviewed, using semi-structured interviews.Various quantitative
indices such as relative frequency of citation (RFC), fidelity
level(FL), use value(UV), and the Jaccard Index (JI) were applied to the
documented data. The traditional medical uses of 97 plants species
belonging to 47 families were reported. Solanaceae (seven taxa) followed
by Boraginaceae and Fabaceae (six taxa each), Cucurbitaceae (five taxa);
Amaranthaceae, Convolvulaceae, Malvaceae, Verbenaceae and Zygophyllaceae
(four taxa each) were the leading families contributed with the highest
number of taxa. The highest plant-used part was leaf, with 45 reports
(28.84%), followed by fruit (15.38%). It was observed that the
majority of species were used to treat stomach problems, respiratory
issues, general wellness, skin conditions, liver-related conditions, and
fever respectively. The ethnomedical findings reported in this study
offer concrete proof of the Karachi city residents’ use of therapeutic
plants. The research also showed that the region’s medicinal plants
constitute a significant source of herbal medicines used to treat
ailments. This survey can serve as a starting point for future
scientific research to create new plant-based pharmaceuticals for the
market.
Highly Efficient Antimicrobial Agents Based on Anthracene and Acrylonitrile Moieties
Authors: Hassaballah aya I , El-ziaty A. K. , Ali Rania Sayed , Gado Marwa M. , Sayed Hayam A. E.
Published: January 2024

The basic building block synthon 3-(anthracen-9-yl)-2-cyanoacryloyl
chloride 4 was synthesized and utilized for the construction of a wide
high reactivity variety of heterocycles compounds via treatment with
some nitrogen nucleophiles. The structures of all the synthesized
heterocycles were elucidated from their elemental and spectral analysis.
Ten out of thirteen tested compounds have been shown to be promising in
fighting antibiotic resistance (MRSA).
BEMSQIN: Design of an efficient hybrid Bioinspired Encryption Model for enhancing Security of QoS-aware IoT Networks
Authors: A.Chaudhari Dipalee , Umamaheswari E.
Published: January 2024

Strength and Quality-of-Service (QoS) performance of encryption
techniques like Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), Elliptic Curve
Cryptography (ECC), etc. depends upon their internal key configurations.
Researchers have proposed a wide variety of models to optimize the
security of these models while maintaining high QoS via dynamic
programming techniques. But these techniques cannot be scaled for
context-specific deployments, and cannot be reconfigured to support
large-scale IoT (Internet of Things) Networks. To overcome these issues,
this text proposes design of an efficient & Novel Elephant Herding Ant
Lion Optimizer (EHALO), which assists in identification of security
models & their internal configurations for different contextual
deployments. The proposed model integrates spatial security performance
with temporal communication performance in order to decide which
encryption model to use, and then fuses this information with temporal
security measures in order to identify optimal security configurations.
These configurations are tested on multiple data level attack scenarios
including Spoofing, Grey Hole, and Masquerading & Man-in-the-Middle
(MITM) during identification of these configurations. Due to which the
model is able to mitigate attacks with high efficiency while maintaining
8.3% lower delay, 4.5% higher energy efficiency, 9.5% higher
throughput, and 2.4% higher packet delivery performance when compared
with existing dynamic encryption models on similar attack scenarios.
Construction of Co/MoSe2 Mott-Schottky heterojunction on car-bon nanotubes for highly efficient hydrogen evolution
Authors: Ren Xianpei , Hu Qiwei , Ling Fang , Wu Fei , Li Qiang , Pang Liuqing
Published: January 2024

In this work, we report a typical Mott-Schottky electrocatalyst composed
of metallic Co and semiconducting MoSe2 on carbon nanotubes
(Co/MoSe2@CNT), prepared by sol-gel process followed by thermal
reduction treatment. The characterization results and theoretical
calculations reveal that Co/MoSe2 Mott-Schottky heterojunction can cause
electron redistribution and establish an build-in electric field, which
can not only optimize the adsorption energy of the reaction
intermediates, but also promote the charge transfer during the hydrogen
evolution process. Thus, Co/MoSe2@CNT deliver excellent catalytic
activity with a low overpotential of 185 mV at 10 mA cm-2 and a small
Tafel slope of 69 mV dec-1. This work provides a new strategy for
constructing Co/MoSe2 Mott-Schottky heterojunc-tions and highlighting
the Mott-Schottky effect, which may inspire the development of more
efficient Mott Schottky electrocatalysts for H2 production in the
future.
Current situation and influencing factors of acute treatment of bipolar disorder with mixed features in China
Authors: Fu Bo , pan miao , Tang Lin , Zhang Sanqiang , Zhu Yuncheng , Chen Zhiyu , Xu Guiyun , Li Xiaohong , Li Wenfei , Jiao Zhian , Li Ming-Li , Zhang Yong , Chen Jingxu , Chen Xiuzhe , Li Na , Sun Jing , Zhang Jian , Hu Shaohua , Wu Haishan , Gan Zhaoyu , Qin Yan , Wang Yumei , Ma Yantao , Wang Xiaoping , Wang Zuowei , Fang Yiru
Published: January 2024

Background: DSM-5 proposes the concept of bipolar disorder with “mixed
features ”, which is of great benefit to clinical practice. However,
the clinical management of BD with mixed features is more
challenging.This investigation examined the prescribing patterns and
factors influencing guidelines disconcordance for the acute treatment of
bipolar disorder with mixed features in mainland China. Methods:This
real-world study enrolled 688 patients with acute bipolar disorder
through the National Bipolar Pathway Survey Replication (BIPAS-R). We
used CUDOS-M and MINI-M scales based on DSM-5 criteria to improve the
sensitivity of screening for bipolar disorder with mixed features.
Guideline inconsistency judgments were determined by comparison with the
Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments(CANMAT) guidelines for
treatment recommendations for bipolar disorder with mixed features.
Logstic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of
guideline disconcordance. Results: Among 688 cases of acute bipolar
disorder, 235 cases (34.2%) were (hypo) mania with mixed features and
213 cases (30.9%) were depression with mixed feature. Without
considering the order of treatment, the inconsistency rates of (hypo)
mania and depression with mixed features with the guidelines were 29.4%
and 55.4%, respectively. (Hypo) mania with mixed features BD-II
(OR=0.52; 95% CI 0.29-0.93), age at study entry > 24 years
(OR=2.4; 95% CI 1.3-4.3), and the number of episodes > 4
in the past year in depression with mixed features (OR=1.9; 95% CI
1.08-3.6), which increased the risk of treatment disconcordance of
guidelines. Conclusions:Our findings suggest that BD with mixed features
is more common.
Comparison of Chloroplast Genomes and Phylogenetic Analysis of Four Species in Quercus section Cyclobalanopsis
Authors: Chen Xiaoli , Li Buyu , Huang Ting , Zhang Xuemei
Published: January 2024

The identification in Quercus L. species was considered to be difficult
all the time. The fundamental phylogenies of Quercus have already been
discussed by morphological and molecular means. However, the
morphological characteristics of some Quercus groups may not be
consistent with the molecular results (such as the group Helferiana ),
which may lead to blurring of species relationships and prevent further
evolutionary researches. To understand the interspecific relationships
and phylogenetic positions, we sequenced and assembled the CPGs (160715
bp ~ 160842 bp) of four Quercus section Cyclobalanopsis
species by Illumina pair-end sequencing. The genomic structure, GC
content and IR/SC boundaries exhibited significant conservatism. Six
highly variable hotspots were detected in comparison analysis, among
which rpoC1, clpP and ycf1 could be used as molecular markers. Besides,
two genes (petA, ycf2) were detected to be under positive selection
pressure. The phylogenetic analysis showed: Trigonobalanus genus and
Fagus genus located at the base of the phylogeny tree; the Quercus genus
were distincted to two clades, including five sections. All CTB species
clustered into a single branch, which was in accordance with the results
of the morphological studies. But neither of group Gilva nor group
Helferiana had formed a monophyly. Six CTB species gathered together in
pairs to form one branch respectively (Quercus kerrii and Quercus
chungii; Quercus austrocochinchinensis with Quercus gilva; Quercus
helferiana and Quercus rex). Due to a low support rate (0.338) in the
phylogeny tree, the interspecies relationship between the two branches
differentiated by this node remained unclear. We believe that Q.
helferiana and Q. kerrii can exist as independent species due to their
distance in the phylogeny tree. Our study provided genetic information
in Quercus genus, which could be applied to further studies in taxology
and phylogenetics.
Neural Networks and Blackhole Optimization in a Cooperative IDS for IoT
Authors: Li Bin , Liu Zhenkun , Jia Xu
Published: January 2024

In this paper, network security issues related to the Internet of Things
(IoT) are discussed, with an emphasis on grey- and black-hole attacks
(BHAs and GHAs). IoT systems lack security safeguards like intrusion
detection systems because of their decentralised nature. The study
suggests a defence mechanism against BHA utilising an attack selection
algorithm and an optimisation strategy using a neural network to handle
this. The book also emphasises how challenging it is to implement
cutting-edge security features on low-power IoT devices. The suggested
method comprises creating a training set and teaching a neural network
for classification. This method is specifically designed for IoT
intrusion detection systems. In order to increase overall efficiency,
the article’s findings section explores how to improve system
performance by choosing the right nodes for data transmission.
Multichannel kinetics of methoxymethyl + O2 in the atmosphere and in combustion
Authors: Zhao Qian , Sun Wuchuan , Zhang Yingjia , Huang Zuohua
Published: January 2024

Organic peroxy radicals (RȮ2), formed by well stabilization reaction of
Ṙ + O2, are important intermediates in atmospheric degradation of
organic matter and low-temperature combustion of hydrocarbon fuels. A
fate of RȮ2 is isomerize to QOOH , and the downstream reactions of QOOH
are known to profoundly fuel reactivity. However, both experimental
measurements and high-level theoretical cal-culations of RȮ2 kinetics
are scarce, leading to a large gap in our understanding of RȮ2 fate. In
this study, methoxy-methyl-peroxy rad-ical (CH3OCH2OȮ) is investigated
as a model compound to elucidate the fate of RȮ2. Based on a high-level
quantum chemical calcula-tion and RRKM/master equation calculation, we
report a detailed RȮ2 unimolecular reaction surface, as well as the
corresponding temperature- and pressure-dependent rate coefficients. All
the calculated results can be used to develop the global modeling of
SOAs in atmospheric science, to estimate the corresponding rate
coefficients of larger oxygen-centered fuels, as well as to construct
the chemical kinetic model of dimethyl ether in combustion science.
Gut bacteria, host immunity and colorectal cancer: from pathogenesis to therapy
Authors: Li Yuyi , Peng Jinjin , Meng Xiangjun
Published: January 2024

The emergence of 16S rRNA and metagenomic sequencing has gradually
revealed the close relationship between dysbiosis and colorectal cancer
(CRC). Recent studies have confirmed that intestinal dysbiosis plays
various roles in the occurrence, development, and therapeutic response
of CRC. Perturbation of host immunity is one of the key mechanisms.
Intestinal flora, or specific bacterium and its metabolites can modulate
the progression of CRC through Toll-like receptors signaling, or via the
recruitment, polarization and activation of innate and adaptive immune
cells to reshape the pro-/anti-tumor microenvironment. On this basis,
administration of gut bacteria to enhance immune homeostasis represents
new cues for the treatment of CRC. In this review, we will cover the
recent studies on the role of gut bacteria in the progression and
treatment of CRC through immune response orchestration, which
potentially offers insights for subsequent transformative research.
Tubeimoside III inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses by reprogramming glycolytic metabolism
Authors: Li Wenhua , Lin Yushi , Yue Hongyi , Wang Pingyi , Li Yimei , Song Dan
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE To investigate how tubeimoside III inhibits
lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced inflammatory responses by reprogramming
glucose metabolism. METHOD A mouse model of LPS-induced acute
inflammation was constructed, and the protective effect of tubeimoside
III against LPS-induced injury was investigated using histochemistry and
real-time quantitative PCR. Western blotting, Seahorse extracellular
flux analyser assays, and pyruvate content assays were used in
LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells to explore how tubeimoside III exerts its
anti-inflammatory effects. The potential mechanism was also validated
using inhibitors. RESULTS Tubeimoside III significantly
attenuated the expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1β, and
iNOS in lung and liver tissue homogenates and RAW264.7 cells. This agent
inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration in alveoli and prevented
necrosis in liver lesions in LPS-treated mice. Extracellular flux
analyser assays revealed that tubeimoside III regulated glucose
metabolism in RAW264.7 cells. Real-time quantitative PCR and western
blot revealed that tubeimoside III had similar effects on the downstream
effector molecule of itaconic acid. An inhibitor weakened the inhibitory
effect of tubeimoside III on the expression of inflammatory factors.
CONCLUSIONS Tubeimoside III protects against LPS-induced lung
and liver injury by attenuating inflammatory factor secretion and
inflammatory cell infiltration, and its mechanism of action involves
reprogramming macrophage glucose metabolism and increasing itaconic acid
levels.
Identification of biomarkers in papillary thyroid carcinoma based on proteomics
Authors: Shi Tiefeng , Wang Maoqing , Sun Yu , Sun Jiaxuan , Gao Xiaona
Published: January 2024

Objective To identify the biomarkers of papillary thyroid carcinoma and
explore the possible pathogenic mechanism. Methods The cancer tissues of
5 patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma and adjacent normal thyroid
tissues were analyzed for protein expression by TMT proteomics
technology. Differentially expressed proteins were screened and
identified, and functional annotation of differentially expressed
proteins was carried out by bioinformatics and pathway enrichment
analysis. Results A total of 639 differential proteins were identified,
including 278 up-regulated proteins and 361 down-regulated proteins.
Among them, six up-regulated proteins are expected to become specific
markers of PTC. Conclusion Based on the above research results,
differential proteins may become new molecular markers of papillary
thyroid carcinoma, and these differential proteins and their enrichment
pathways can provide new insights into its pathogenic mechanism ideas
and directions.
DNA damage repair-related gene signature can influence immune status and predict prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wang Sen , Zhang Yixin , lu yongpan , Zhao Yuli , Guo Huimin , Feng Li
Published: January 2024

Background: DNA damage repair genes (DDRGs) have an impact on a wide
range of malignancies. However, the relevance of these genes in
hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis has received little attention.
In this study, we want to develop a prognostic signature that will open
up novel therapy options for HCC. Methods: We acquired mRNA expression
profiles and clinical data of HCC patients from the TCGA database. A
polygenic prognostic model for HCC was constructed using LASSO Cox
regression and was validated using the ICGC database. Correlations
between risk signature and immune status, clinical characteristics and
drug sensitivity were investigated. Protein expression levels of
prognostic genes were verified using immunohistochemistry. Results: A
DDRGs signature model was developed using LASSO Cox regression analysis.
Patients in the high-risk group had worse overall survival compared to
the low-risk group. Multivariate Cox analysis showed that the risk score
is an independent predictor of OS. Functional analysis revealed a strong
association with cell cycle and antigen binding pathways, and the risk
score was highly correlated with tumor grade, tumor stage, and types of
immune infiltrate. High expression levels of prognostic genes were
significantly correlated with increased sensitivity of cancer cells to
anti-tumor drugs. Immunohistochemistry staining indicated that, except
for NEIL3, the other 9 genes were highly expressed in HCC. Conclusion:
Ten DDRGs were utilized to create a new signature that might influence
the immunological state in HCC and be used for prognostic prediction. In
addition, blocking these genes could be an alternate treatment.
Oseltamivir Plus Hydroxychloroquine versus Lopinavir/Ritonavir in COVID-19 Treatment Efficacys: A Comparative Study
Authors: Zendehdel Abolfazl , Asoodeh Azadeh , Ansari Mohsen , Baigi Vali , JamaliMoghaddamsiyahkali SaeedReza
Published: January 2024

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the clinical
efficacy of lopinavir/ritonavir with oseltamivir plus hydroxychloroquine
for the treatment of Covid-19, in order to find a better treatment for
Covid-19 patients. Methods: In this single-center, mixed designed cohort
study, 198 patients admitted for Covid-19, to Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran,
Iran were included. According to the date of admission, the patients
were received different treatments and divided into two groups. Group 1
received oseltamivir with hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin whereas
group 2 received lopinavir/ritonavir with azithromycin. Patients’
outcomes were measured based on duration of hospitalization, a
requirement to intensive care unit (ICU) admission, need for intubation
and mortality. Results: Patients in group 1 had greater clinical
improvement and shorter duration of hospitalization. Although small in
number, mortality, ICU admission, and intubation was also less in this
group, but due to the small number of events in incidence of ICU
admission, intubation, and mortality, it could not be analyzed and was
not possible to investigate the relationship between the type of
treatment and these variables. In group 1, one patient was admitted to
ICU, while 12 patients were admitted to ICU in group2. None of the
patients in group 1 required intubation whereas 4 in group 2 received
intubation. One patient in group 1 and 9 patients in group 2 died.
Conclusion: This study showed that administration of Oseltamivir plus
hydroxychloroquine is likely to be associated with earlier clinical
improvement and shorter duration of hospitalization however, further
studies are required.
Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada Disease after SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Case Report
Authors: Zou Hui , Zhang Ke , Chen Xuan , Sha Sha
Published: January 2024

Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
is responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a multifaceted
condition. The COVID-19 is associated with various ocular manifestations
including conjunctivitis, retinal vein occlusion and optic neuritis. The
case of VKH disease associated with SARS-CoV-2 was rare and the specific
association is still unclear. Case Presentation In the present study, a
35-year-old female patient with no significant medical history presented
with one week of bilateral blurred vision 2 weeks after a clinical
course of COVID-19. Both eyes presented with bullous serous retinal
detachments. She was diagnosed with incomplete Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada
(VKH) disease. Early diagnosis and treatment of VKH disease are
essential for the visual prognosis of this aggressive disease. Ocular
inflammatory signs and visual acuity improved via corticosteroid therapy
in this patient. The case of VKH disease associated with SARS-CoV-2 was
rare and the specific association is still unclear. By reviewing similar
studies previously reported, we discuss and summarize the potential
mechanisms explaining the association between VKH disease and
SARS-CoV-2. Conclusion Although the causality remains unclear,
ophthalmologists and physicians should be aware of this possible
association between VKH disease and COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2 may play a
potential immunological triggering role in VKH disease. However, further
in-depth researches are necessary to investigate the clinical and
epidemiological features, as well as the underlying mechanisms of it.
Keywords: Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; case
report