bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Business-Oriented Social Network as a Platform for Personal Promotion
Authors: Milošević Isidora , Arsić Sanela , Rakić Ana , Ruso Jelena
Published: February 2023

Research Question: This paper aims to investigate the influence of relevant factors on the personal promotion of business-oriented social network users. Motivation: Although personal promotion in online communities has been covered in academic literature (Sczesny & Kaufmann, 2018; Yu & Kim, 2020; Hollenbaugh, 2020), a significant gap in previous studies is found in neglecting influential factors on self-promotion through a business-oriented social network, such as LinkedIn. Therefore, this paper aims to explore LinkedIn users’ opinions about the impact of selected constructs on this business-oriented social network setting. The developed model points to the personal promotion predictors that contribute to the broader business community and career development by enabling the building and strengthening of a personal brand by demonstrating individuals' knowledge and expertise in a particular field. Idea: The core idea is to research social network users' opinions about the impacts of the independent variable Need to Use and dependent variables, Professionalism, Usefulness in Work, and Intention to use on their Personal Promotion. Data: Data analysis was conducted based on replies obtained from 1044 questionnaires distributed in Serbia from November 2019 to July 2020. Tools: Structural equation modelling (SEM) was employed and included evaluating the measurement model and testing the structural model. Findings: The survey shows that the need to use social networks influences an individual’s usefulness and professionalism. Results also indicate that professionalism influences the intention of exploiting social network. Finally, the intention to use social networks affects an individual’s personal promotion. Contribution: The research contributes to the literature about individuals' professional and personal promotion and facilitates job-seekers to find a desirable workplace as well as employers to find appropriate candidates.
Effects of the Compensation System and Socio-demographic Factors on the Attitudes of Employees in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Gašić  Dimitrije , Berber Nemanja , Slavić Agneš
Published: February 2023

Research Question: What are the effects of employees’ reward system and socio-demographic factors on the attitudes of employees (job satisfaction, engagement and organizational commitment of employees) in the Republic of Serbia? Motivation: Due to the increasing globalization and the emergence of crises that directly impact the compensation system in the Republic of Serbia, the authors conducted research on this topic to determine the current situation, and to investigate the effects on employees’ attitudes. Idea: The idea for the research was created due to a relatively small number of research dealing with this topic in Serbia, but also in the world literature. Data: The research was conducted in the period from March to July 2022 on a sample of 764 employees from various companies in the Republic of Serbia. Data collection is performed via an electronic questionnaire Google Forms, where respondents had the opportunity to answer the questions posed in the questionnaire at any time through their electronic devices. Tools: Data analysis was performed using reliability statistics (observation value of Cronbach's Alpha Based on Standardized Items) and multiple regression analysis between predictors: (constant), compensation system and socio-demographic indicators (education, age, and gender) according to three dependent variables related to employee attitudes (job satisfaction, engagement, and organizational commitment). Data processing was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics 26. Findings: The results indicate that there is a positive statistically significant relationship between age, level of education, and compensation system with job satisfaction. In the case of employee engagement, only the compensation system indicated a positive and statistically significant relationship, while socio-demographic factors do not have a statistically predictive effect. In the case of organizational commitment as a dependent variable, level of education, and compensation system are statistically significantly related to organizational commitment. Contribution: This scientific research expands the existing research on the effects of the compensation system and socio-demographic factors on employees’ attitudes in the Republic of Serbia.
Sistema de gestão e medição de desempenho nas organizações públicas: o efeito mediador das capacidades dinâmicas
Authors: Castelo Samuel Leite , Castelo Aline Duarte Moraes , Gomes Carlos Alberto Esteves Ferreira
Published: February 2023

O objetivo do estudo é verificar a mediação das capacidades dinâmicas em relação entre Sistema de gestão e medição no desempenho governamental. Como método de pesquisa, realizou-se um survey com gestores e funcionários públicos relacionados com as atividades de gestão por resultados, e a análise dos dados foi operacionalizada com a técnica de modelagem de equações estruturais. As capacidades dinâmicas como variável de mediação na relação entre a Sistema de gestão e medição do desempenho e o desempenho no setor público indicam que uma maior gestão do desempenho interativa resultará em melhoria do desempenho governamental. Os resultados de estudos anteriores sobre Sistema de gestão e medição do desempenho no setor público não foram suficientemente esclarecidos. Esta pesquisa tenta preencher esta lacuna examinando a influência da Sistema de gestão e medição do desempenho por meio da capacidade dinâmica organizacional no desempenho do setor público. A presença da mediação das capacidades dinâmicas diferencia também este estudo de pesquisas anteriores.
Dexmedetomidine versus Lignocaine in the Prevention of Etomidate-induced MyoclonusA Randomised Double-blinded Study
Authors: Rajkumar Gojendra , Shammy N , Thokchom Rupendra Singh , Singh Takhelmayum Hemjit , Dhayanithy M , Devi Konjengbam Reshmi , Anish M , Loving Merlin Marita
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Etomidate is a preferred induction agent owing to its stable haemodynamic profile, minimal respiratory sideeffects, minimal histamine release, cerebral protection and its property of rapid onset and short duration. However, myoclonus has been reported as one of its side-effects which poses great concern. Amongst the various drugs used to attenuate it, the role of intravenous (i.v.) Dexmeditomidine and Lignocaine have been reported in literature to be of great success. Aim: To compare the efficacy of Dexmedetomidine and Lignocaine in preventing Etomidate-induced Myoclonus. Materials and Methods: The randomised, double blinded study included 104 adult consented patients, of either sex, American Society of Anaesthesiology (ASA) I and II, aged 18-65 years, undergoing routine surgery under general anaesthesia. They were randomly allocated into two groups of 52 patients each viz., Group I receiving 0.5 µg/kg of injection (inj.) Dexmedetomidine i.v. and Group II 1 mg/kg of inj. Lignocaine diluted in 10 mL normal saline i.v. The incidence and severity of myoclonus were assessed and recorded within 90 seconds after etomidate injection using a four point severity scale. The collected data were entered in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. Results: Total 104 subjects with the demographic parameters such as age, sex, ASA and weight comparable between the two groups were analysed. Group I recorded lesser number of patients (17, 32.7%) to myoclonus as compared with Group II (21, 40.4%), (p-value=0.41). Maximum patients in Group I developed grade I myoclonus while in Group II, it was grade 2. No patients in Group I developed grade 3 myoclonus as against 5 patients in Group II (p-value=0.03). Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine and Lignocaine were equally effective in the prevention of Etomidate-induced myoclonus but dexmeditomedine was better because of lesser incidence of severe grade myoclonus.
The Effect of Financial Performance on Stock Price with Disclosure of Corporate Social Responsibility as a Moderation in Infrastructure Companies
Authors: Budiharjo Roy
Published: February 2023

The aim of this research is to analyze the effect of return on assets and current ratio on stock prices which is moderated by the disclosure of corporate social responsibility. The population in this study are all Infrastructure Sector Companies listed on the Indonesia. Stock Exchange for the 2016 - 2020 period. Sampling in this study used a purpusive sampling method with criteria as (1) Conventional banking companies that are go public and registered with the Financial Services Authority (OJK). for the period 2016 - 2020. The data needed in this study was taken from the Indonesian Capital Market Directory (ICMD) 2016-2020. The data collection method used in this study is the documentation method. The statistical test was carried out using the t test and multiple linear regression analysis, previously the classical assumption test was carried out. The results of this study indicate that: the current ratio and disclosure of corporate social responsibility have a positive effect on stock prices, while the current ratio has no effect on stock prices. disclosure of corporate social responsibility is not able to moderate the return on assets but is able to strengthen the effect of return on assets on stock prices.
Effect of Zinc Nanoparticles on Plant Growth and Some Soil Properties
Authors: Arafat A. A. , Abdel Fattah A. K. , Abd Elghany S. H. , Esmaeil M. A.
Published: February 2023

A field experiment with three replications was conducted on sprinkler irrigated sandy soil during two successive summer and winter seasons (summer 2021 and winter 2021/2022), which cultivated with corn (Zea mays) and faba bean (Vicia faba L.) at Agricultural Research Station farm in Ismailia Governorate, Egypt. Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) was cultivated as an indicator crop to evaluate the residual effect of different rates of zinc nutrient in nanoparticles form versus mineral zinc sulphate fertilizer and studying their effects on growth and crop yield and some soil chemical properties. The zinc nutrient forms were applied by fertigation through sprinkler irrigation system. The obtained results revealed that the corn and bean parts dry matter, yield and some soil chemical properties including available soil nutrients content, EC, pH and SOM were greatly improved in general with additions of these nutrients forms. During zinc nanoparticles treatments, the most effective treatment was with the rate of half dose from minerals at recommended dose (ZnNPs at 50% MNRD). Mineral forms in normal recommended dose (MNRD) gave nearly equal effect with ZnNPs at 50 % MNRD.
Multi-temporal SPI and RDI Based on the Modified Meteorological Draught and Hydrological Drought of Marathwada Region of Maharashtra, India
Authors: Yadav Avanish , Krishna Yadav Ashish , Kumar Singh Pramod , Kumar Devendra
Published: February 2023

The meteorological and hydrological drought indices are mostly applying as a tool for observing changes in drought situations. In the present research work, evaluated the performance of two modified meteorological drought indices i.e. modified standardized precipitation index (SPIe) and modified recoinnaissance drought index (RDIe) and hydrological drought indices i.e stream-flow drought index (SDI). The effective precipitation was used instead of precipitation for modification of meteorological drought indices. The  assessment of drought trends at multi-temporal such as 1, 3, 6 and 12 months was done by using popular Mann-Kendall test and the probability and return period   of occurrence of severe and extreme drought condition of the meteorological and hydrological drought events. Finally results were non-significant trend (either positive or negative) at 95% confidence limit and the 43 years reoccurrence interval of extreme meteorological drought for Latur and Parabhani districts, the 10.75, 21.5 and 14.33 years return period of severe meteorological drought for Latur, Nanded and Parabhani districts. Also, the 18, 18 and 43 years reoccurrence interval of severe hydrological drought for Latur, Nanded and Parabhani districts was calculated.
Scheimpflug Imaging of Late-onset Capsular Bag Distention Syndrome Treated with Nd: YAG Laser: A Case Report
Authors: Katsimpris Andreas , Moleron Maria , Karamaounas Aristotelis , Kandarakis Stylianos
Published: February 2023

Aims: To report a case of very late-onset capsular bag distention syndrome (CBDS) 8 years after uncomplicated cataract surgery treated with Neodymium: Yag (Nd: Yag) laser posterior capsulotomy.

Presentation of the Case:  A 76-year-old female patient without any systemic or ocular disorders, presented with progressive blurry vision in her right eye (RE) over the last 1 year. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 6/9 in the right eye and 6/6 in the left eye. Manifest refraction revealed a 0.5 diopters myopic shift in her RE compared to her last ocular examination 2 years ago. Scheimpflug photograpgy and slit-lamp examination were utilized to make the diagnosis of CBDS, which was successfully treated with Nd: Yag laser posterior capsulotomy. At day 1 post-capsulotomy the BCVA of her RE improved to 6/6 with a 0.5 diopters hyperopic shift which was consistent with a 0.13 mm post-capsulotomy increase in the anterior chamber depth, as documented by the Scheimpflug images.

Discussion and Conclusion: Late-onset CBDS can manifest after a considerable time period following cataract surgery and Scheimpflug imaging can be a useful aid for a precise diagnosis and documentation of the treatment.
Assessment of Micronutrient Content and Strategies for Improvement of Micronutrient Status in the Soils of Bhandara Tehsil, Maharashtra, India
Authors: Ekapure Amruta S. , Balapnde Sanjay S. , Dongarwar Usha , Jadhao Rahul V.
Published: February 2023

The study was undertaken to determine the available micro-nutrient status of the Bhandara tehsil of Maharashtra with the help of GPS-based one hundred-and-five soil samples during the period of 2021-2022 from paddy growing fields. Samples were analyzed at the Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry Section, College of Agriculture, Nagpur. The results revealed that soils were clay loam to sandy clay loam in texture. The study area was slightly acidic to slightly alkaline and non-saline in reaction. The mean values of 0.42 mg kg-1, 5.44 mg kg-1, 6.39 mg kg-1, 0.98 mg kg-1, and 0.90 mg kg-1 for Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu and B respectively, were recorded. The soil nutrient index values showed that available Zn was low; available Fe was moderate; available Mn and B were moderately high; and available Cu was high. The farmers of the study area mostly adopt improper nutrient management practices which might have resulted in poor fertility status in the area.  Taking these things into consideration, a data-driven Decision Support System (DSS) on micronutrient management in soil has been given. To address this problem, farmers of Bhandara tehsil may use micronutrient fertilizers or implement soil management practices that promote the uptake and availability of micronutrients to plants.
Studies on Inter-Relationship and Path Coefficient Analysis for Seed Yield/Plant and Qualitative Traits in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. czern and cos)
Authors: Evangelin K. Monika , Mawlong Ibandalin , Kumar Arun , Yadav Ajay Pal
Published: February 2023

The present investigation was carried out with ten Indian mustard genotypes in biochemistry laboratory of ICAR-DRMR, Bharatpur, during 2021-22. Analysis of oil, fatty acid profiling and estimation of glucosinolate was done to study the inter-relationship and path coefficient analysis between seed yield and among all nine qualitative traits taken. It is found that the genotypic correlation was higher than phenotypic correlation due to genetic effect. The positive correlation of seed yield/plant is associated at both phenotypic and genotypic levels with palmitic acid, linoleic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid and linolenic acid whereas negatively associated with glucosinolate, erucic acid and eicosenoic acid. Oleic acid was positively correlated with linoleic acid. Path coefficient analysis studies revealed that the high positive direct effect on seed yield/plant was exhibited by linoleic acid, linolenic acid and stearic acid while negative direct effect by erucic acid, glucosinolate, oil and eicosenoic acid on seed yield/plant. Selection of the plants based on these traits would certainly leads to improvement in seed yield.
A Man in His 30s With Splenic Infarct and Stroke
Authors: Wang Harry , Rao Nilesh , Schwarz Karl
Published: February 2023

This case report describes a diagnosis of quadricuspid aortic valve in a man in his 30s with a history of splenic infarct who presented with right-sided ischemic stroke.
Quantifying and Interpreting the Prediction Accuracy of Models for the Time of a Cardiovascular Event—Moving Beyond C Statistic
Authors: Wang Xuan , Claggett Brian Lee , Tian Lu , Malachias Marcus Vinícius Bolívar , Pfeffer Marc A. , Wei Lee-Jen
Published: February 2023

Importance

For personalized or stratified medicine, it is critical to establish a reliable and efficient prediction model for a clinical outcome of interest. The goal is to develop a parsimonious model with fewer predictors for broad future application without compromising predictability. A general approach is to construct various empirical models via individual patients’ specific baseline characteristics/biomarkers and then evaluate their relative merits. When the outcome of interest is the timing of a cardiovascular event, a commonly used metric to assess the adequacy of the fitted models is based on C statistics. These measures quantify a model’s ability to separate those who develop events earlier from those who develop them later or not at all (discrimination), but they do not measure how closely model estimates match observed outcomes (prediction accuracy). Metrics that provide clinically interpretable measures to quantify prediction accuracy are needed.

Observations

C statistics measure the concordance between the risk scores derived from the model and the observed event time observations. However, C statistics do not quantify the model prediction accuracy. The integrated Brier Score, which calculates the mean squared distance between the empirical cumulative event-free curve and its individual patient’s counterparts, estimates the prediction accuracy, but it is not clinically intuitive. A simple alternative measure is the average distance between the observed and predicted event times over the entire study population. This metric directly quantifies the model prediction accuracy and has often been used to evaluate the goodness of fit of the assumed models in settings other than survival data. This time-scale measure is easier to interpret than the C statistics or the Brier score.

Conclusions and Relevance

This article enhances our understanding of the model selection/evaluation process with respect to prediction accuracy. A simple, intuitive measure for quantifying such accuracy beyond C statistics can improve the reliability and efficiency of the selected model for personalized and stratified medicine.
Incidence of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria Following Receipt of the COVID-19 Vaccine Booster in Switzerland
Authors: Duperrex Olivier , Tommasini Francesco , Muller Yannick D.
Published: February 2023

This cohort study examines the association of the COVID-19 vaccine booster with chronic spontaneous urticaria in Swiss patients.
Evolving practice in global healthcare: Remote physics support for low‐ and middle‐income countries
Authors: Wadi‐Ramahi Shada , Li Benjamin , Waqqad Fayez , AlSharif Abdelatif
Published: February 2023

The COVID‐19 pandemic has disrupted traditional onsite support for radiotherapy clinics in low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMIC). Clinics there have struggled to commission new techniques and receive onsite training for their staff. We sought to evaluate whether an offsite approach could fill this gap at a clinic in Jordan by requesting a clinical audit and attempting to commission volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). Over 13 months, a consultant provided remote support for a radiotherapy center that had already obtained treatment equipment and licenses. The consultant began by conducting a virtual audit, using a remote login to the center's R&V and TPS, to identify any gaps in the clinical workflow. Suggestions for improving the clinical workflow were proposed, and change implementation was tracked through emails, social media apps, and video conferencing. An extensive table outlined the commissioning process, including all measurements to be done. Social media apps and shared documents were used to track measurements and analysis. The lack of person‐to‐person interaction in this new remote‐support ecosystem created conflicts; we have highlighted some of these, as well as their resolution and the lessons learned from them. The virtual audit identified gaps categorized as machine QA, treatment plan review, and treatment delivery processes. Following the implementation of the proposals, motion management was added, and machine QA became more comprehensive. VMAT was commissioned using the reports of the AAPM and the IAEA. The main challenges for remote support were time difference, establishing an appropriate form and frequency of communication, tone of voice used in messages, and buy‐in from local staff. This evolving practice will enable medical physicists to use modern, multimodal remote communication pathways to effectively transfer knowledge to centers in LMICs. The audit–proposal–improvement pathway for remote support can be incorporated to help others while avoiding the pitfalls we faced.
Touchable Electrochemical Hydrogel Sensor for Detection of Reactive Oxygen Species‐induced Cellular Senescence in Articular Chondrocytes
Authors: Kim Seul Gi , Song Jinsoo , Ryplida Benny , Jo Hyeong Jun , Jeong Gun‐Jae , Kang Innie Y. , Patel Jay Milan , Jin Eun‐Jung , Jang Young C. , Park Sung Young
Published: February 2023

In this study, a reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐responsive hydrogel sensor (PD/MnO2 hydrogel) is developed that can efficiently detect senescent cells. Using immature murine articular chondrocytes with serial passages, the sensor can identify small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐alpha (PPARα) based on the concentration of ROS in cells, simultaneously maintaining its balance via scavenging activity to prevent cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis (OA). The hydrogel sensor exhibits a change in electronic properties, with a distinct resistance from 201.9 kΩ for P0 to 362.9 kΩ for P3, and fluorescence off/on performance with an increase in passaging time. In vitro investigation using PPARα‐specific siRNA reveals a correlation between pressure sensitivity and senescent activity, wherein an elevation in observed signal occurred (41.5%). In vivo analysis reveals significant decrease in degradation of the cartilage of both young, 3 months old aged, 18 months old, and PPARα−/− mice compared to PPARα+/+ mice based on safranin O stains. The expression level of interleukin‐1β is reduced in the cartilage of aged PPARα−/− mice after implantation with hydrogel, indicating the potential of PD/MnO2 hydrogel as a therapeutic modality against OA.
Vigorous, regular physical exercise may slow disease progression in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Devanand Davangere P. , Masurkar Arjun V. , Wisniewski Thomas
Published: February 2023

Introduction

Mild to moderate exercise may decrease Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk, but the effects of vigorous, regular physical exercise remain unclear.

Methods

Two patients with initial diagnoses of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) demonstrated positive AD biomarkers throughout 16 and 8 years of follow‐up, with final diagnoses of mild AD and amnestic MCI, respectively.

Results

Patient 1 was diagnosed with amnestic MCI at age 64. Neuropsychological testing, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography (FDG‐PET), amyloid imaging PET, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers during follow‐ups remained consistent with AD. By age 80, progression was minimal with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) 26 of 30. Patient 2 was diagnosed with amnestic MCI at age 72. Neuropsychological testing, MRI, FDG‐PET, and amyloid imaging PET during follow‐ups remained consistent with AD. At age 80, MoCA was 27 of 30 with no clinical progression. Both patients regularly performed vigorous, regular exercise that increased after retirement/work reduction.

Discussion

Vigorous, regular exercise may slow disease progression in biomarker‐positive amnestic MCI and mild AD.
Fourier spectral‐timing techniques for the study of accreting black holes
Authors: Ingram Adam
Published: February 2023

The X‐ray signal from active galactic nuclei and black hole (BH) X‐ray binaries is highly variable on a range of timescales. This variability can be exploited to map the region of interest close to the BH, which is far too small to directly image for all but two BHs in the Universe. Spectral‐timing techniques provide causal information by combining timing and spectral information. I present a brief review of such techniques, focusing on two examples: X‐ray reverberation mapping and phase‐resolved spectroscopy of low‐frequency quasi‐periodic oscillations (LF QPOs). The former provides a means to diagnose the accretion geometry and measure parameters such as BH mass, and the latter gives perhaps the best constraints we currently have as to the enigmatic LF QPO mechanism.
Wearable and battery‐free wound dressing system for wireless and early sepsis diagnosis
Authors: Li Jiyu , Huang Xingcan , Yang Yawen , Zhou Jingkun , Yao Kuanming , Li Jian , Zhou Yingying , Li Meixi , Wong Tsz Hung , Yu Xinge
Published: February 2023

Sepsis is a severe organ dysfunction typically caused by wound infection which leads to septic shock, organ failure or even death if no early diagnosis and property medical treatment were taken. Herein, we report a soft, wearable and battery‐free wound dressing system (WDS) for wireless and real‐time monitoring of wound condition and sepsis‐related biomarker (procalcitonin [PCT]) in wound exudate for early sepsis detection. The battery‐free WDS powered by near‐field communication enables wireless data transmission, signal processing and power supply, which allows portable intelligent wound caring. The exudate collection associates with soft silicone based microfluidic technologies (exudate collection time within 15 s), that can filtrate contamination at the cell level and enable a superior filtration rate up to 95% with adopting microsphere structures. The battery‐free WDS also includes state‐of‐the‐art biosensors, which can accurate detect the pH value, wound temperature, and PCT level and thus for sepsis diagnosis. In vivo studies of SD rats prove the capability of the WDS for continuously monitoring wound condition and PCT concentration in the exudate. As a result, the reported fully integrated WDS provides a potential solution for further developing wearable, multifunctional and on‐site disease diagnosis.
Anxiety as a differentiating variable in emotional recognition in juvenile offenders with high callous‐unemotional traits
Authors: Halty Lucia , Caperos Jose M.
Published: February 2023

Background

The presence of so‐called callous‐unemotional (CU) traits—lack of remorse/empathy, callous use of others and shallow/deficient affect—defines an important subgroup of children and adolescents with more severe and stable antisocial behaviours over time and may be a precursor to so‐called psychopathy in adults. There are two main hypotheses to account for such traits, one emphasising deficits in recognition of specific emotions—the distress specific—and the other in aspects of facial recognition—the attention to the eyes hypothesis, but it may be that the manifestation of deficits is affected by the person's own emotional state.

Aims

To test the effect of anxiety scores on emotion recognition among young people high scoring for CU traits.

Methods

14‐ to 21‐year‐olds serving sentences in youth justice institutions across Spain were invited to participate. Only those scoring above the cut‐off on the Kimonis Inventory of Callous and Unemotional Traits were included. Anxiety was measured using the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory. Emotion recognition was assessed using the Emotional Face and Emotional Gaze Tasks.

Results

Of 91 (90% male) eligible participants, 53 had above threshold anxiety scores. The latter group recognised the emotional expressions of sadness, anger and fear earlier than their non‐anxious peers, both when only the eye region was presented and when full faces were presented. There was less difference between groups in the case of the emotions of disgust and happiness, with both groups recognising these emotions earlier and more accurately when a full face was presented.

Conclusions

Our findings suggest that 14‐ to 21‐year old who struggle with callous emotional traits should not be treated as a homogenous group but that testing for other relevant problems, including anxiety, may inform optimal routes to the emotion recognition training that is likely to help them relate to others more prosocially.
Event‐triggered data‐ and knowledge‐driven adaptive quality iterative learning control with uncertainty for a pharmaceutical cyber‐physical system
Authors: Wang Zhengsong , Tang Shengnan , Guo Ge , Yang Yanqiu , Han Meng , Yang Le , He Dakuo
Published: February 2023

In the context of Pharma 4.0, a cyber‐physical systems (CPSs)‐based pharmaceutical quality control (PQC) mode holds a critical position in ensuring the quality of drug products. This paper is concerned with a PQC problem with uncertainty embodied in ever‐changing critical material attributes, which present new challenges related to costs and efficiency during pharmaceutical development. So, an event‐triggered data‐ and knowledge‐driven adaptive PQC framework is proposed. First, a data‐ and knowledge‐driven adaptive iterative learning control‐based PQC scheme is developed with the assistance of process knowledge that also contains much additional information reflecting the laws and trends governing process operations. Second, an event‐triggering condition suitable for the PQC tasks is designed and embedded in the controller design to reduce some unnecessary computing and communication loads. Furthermore, the integration of process data and knowledge is used for the adaptive adjustment of control parameters and the determination of initial control directions. Finally, several data experiments illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Predicting microsatellite instability and key biomarkers in colorectal cancer from H&E‐stained images: achieving state‐of‐the‐art predictive performance with fewer data using Swin Transformer
Authors: Guo Bangwei , Li Xingyu , Yang Miaomiao , Jonnagaddala Jitendra , Zhang Hong , Xu Xu Steven
Published: February 2023

Many artificial intelligence models have been developed to predict clinically relevant biomarkers for colorectal cancer (CRC), including microsatellite instability (MSI). However, existing deep learning networks require large training datasets, which are often hard to obtain. In this study, based on the latest Hierarchical Vision Transformer using Shifted Windows (Swin Transformer [Swin‐T]), we developed an efficient workflow to predict biomarkers in CRC (MSI, hypermutation, chromosomal instability, CpG island methylator phenotype, and BRAF and TP53 mutation) that required relatively small datasets. Our Swin‐T workflow substantially achieved the state‐of‐the‐art (SOTA) predictive performance in an intra‐study cross‐validation experiment on the Cancer Genome Atlas colon and rectal cancer dataset (TCGA‐CRC‐DX). It also demonstrated excellent generalizability in cross‐study external validation and delivered a SOTA area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.90 for MSI, using the Molecular and Cellular Oncology dataset for training (N = 1,065) and the TCGA‐CRC‐DX (N = 462) for testing. A similar performance (AUROC = 0.91) was reported in a recent study, using ~8,000 training samples (ResNet18) on the same testing dataset. Swin‐T was extremely efficient when using small training datasets and exhibited robust predictive performance with 200–500 training samples. Our findings indicate that Swin‐T could be 5–10 times more efficient than existing algorithms for MSI prediction based on ResNet18 and ShuffleNet. Furthermore, the Swin‐T models demonstrated their capability in accurately predicting MSI and BRAF mutation status, which could exclude and therefore reduce samples before subsequent standard testing in a cascading diagnostic workflow, in turn reducing turnaround time and costs.
How Green are Redox Flow Batteries?
Authors: Ebner Sophie , Spirk Stefan , Stern Tobias , Mair‐Bauernfeind Claudia
Published: February 2023

Providing sustainable energy storage is a challenge that must be overcome to replace fossil‐based fuels. Redox flow batteries are a promising storage option that can compensate for fluctuations in energy generation from renewable energy production, as their main asset is their design flexibility in terms of storage capacity. Current commercial options for flow batteries are mostly limited to inorganic materials such as vanadium, zinc, and bromine. As environmental aspects are one of the main drivers for developing flow batteries, assessing their environmental performance is crucial. However, this topic is still underexplored, as researchers have mostly focused on single systems with defined use cases and system boundaries, making the assessments of the overall technology inaccurate. This review was conducted to summarize the main findings of life cycle assessment studies on flow batteries with respect to environmental hotspots and their performance as compared to that of other battery systems.
A nine‐level common ground multilevel inverter (9L‐CGMLI) with reduced components and boosting ability
Authors: Sarwer Zeeshan , Anwar Md Nishat , Sarwar Adil
Published: February 2023

This paper introduces a common ground (CG) nine‐level switched‐capacitor (SC)‐based multilevel inverter (MLI) with dual boosting feature. The proposed circuit possess 11 switches, 2 diodes, and 3 capacitors. A simple level‐shifted modulation method has been used to generate the switching signals. The key feature of the proposed circuit is the presence of common ground between the input and output. The CG configuration eliminates the leakage current problem encountered in photovoltaic (PV) applications, which means the proposed circuit is suitable for use in PV applications. Moreover, the circuit also possesses reduced overall components and voltage stress on switches. At the same time, the dual boosting feature is another salient feature of the proposed MLI. This means the input voltage is stepped up two times and we get boosted/increased voltage at the output. The various simulation and experimental conditions have been tried to test the circuit under different load situations. Moreover, the loss analysis using PLECS software tool has been done to get information about the circuit losses. The results are shown and explained in the concerned sections of the paper. A quantitative comparison, based on different parameters, has been provided with other nine‐level MLIs.
Hybrid Grasshopper and Improved Cat Swarm Optimization Algorithm‐based clustering for guaranteeing energy stability and network lifetime in WSN
Authors: Rajarajeswari Palaniappan , Shyamala Chandrasekaran , Mohana Shivashankar
Published: February 2023

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) plays an indispensable role in the human life by supporting a diversified number of applications that includes military, environment monitoring, manufacturing, education, agriculture, etc. However, the sensor node batteries cannot be replaced under its deployment in an unattended or remote area due to their wireless existence. Cluster‐based routing is significant in handling the issue of energy stability and network lifetime. The meta‐heuristic algorithms‐based cluster head (CH) selection is determined to be highly promising for attaining the objective of CH selection that results in acquiring an optimal network performance. In this paper, a Hybrid Grasshopper and Improved Cat Swarm Optimization Algorithm (HGICSOA)‐based clustering scheme is proposed for attaining potential CH selection and guarantee significant sink mobility‐based data transmission. The capability of GHOA that controls the rate of exploitation and exploration degree is utilized for CH selection. It specifically adopted OBL‐based GHOA for optimal CH selection based on the objective function, which is formulated using node density, residual energy, and distance between sensor node and sink. It incorporated new CSOA for mobility‐based data transmission for increasing population diversity. It also utilized the benefits of ICSOA with a predominant local search strategy for achieving better sink mobility‐based data transmission. Simulation and statistical results confirmed that the proposed HGICSOA is better in attaining maximum energy stability by 17.21% and improved network lifetime by 23.82%, compared to the benchmarked schemes used for investigation. Moreover, the prevention rate of worst sensor nodes selected as CH is improved by 21.38%, better than baseline approaches.
Whole genome demographic models indicate divergent effective population size histories shape contemporary genetic diversity gradients in a montane bumble bee
Authors: Lozier Jeffrey D. , Strange James P. , Heraghty Sam D.
Published: February 2023

Understanding historical range shifts and population size variation provides an important context for interpreting contemporary genetic diversity. Methods to predict changes in species distributions and model changes in effective population size (Ne) using whole genomes make it feasible to examine how temporal dynamics influence diversity across populations. We investigate Ne variation and climate‐associated range shifts to examine the origins of a previously observed latitudinal heterozygosity gradient in the bumble bee Bombus vancouverensis Cresson (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Bombus Latreille) in western North America. We analyze whole genomes from a latitude‐elevation cline using sequentially Markovian coalescent models of Ne through time to test whether relatively low diversity in southern high‐elevation populations is a result of long‐term differences in Ne. We use Maxent models of the species range over the last 130,000 years to evaluate range shifts and stability. Ne fluctuates with climate across populations, but more genetically diverse northern populations have maintained greater Ne over the late Pleistocene and experienced larger expansions with climatically favorable time periods. Northern populations also experienced larger bottlenecks during the last glacial period, which matched the loss of range area near these sites; however, bottlenecks were not sufficient to erode diversity maintained during periods of large Ne. A genome sampled from an island population indicated a severe postglacial bottleneck, indicating that large recent postglacial declines are detectable if they have occurred. Genetic diversity was not related to niche stability or glacial‐period bottleneck size. Instead, spatial expansions and increased connectivity during favorable climates likely maintain diversity in the north while restriction to high elevations maintains relatively low diversity despite greater stability in southern regions. Results suggest genetic diversity gradients reflect long‐term differences in Ne dynamics and also emphasize the unique effects of isolation on insular habitats for bumble bees. Patterns are discussed in the context of conservation under climate change.
Two‐year trends from the LANDMARC study: A 3‐year, pan‐India, prospective, longitudinal study on the management and real‐world outcome in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Das Ashok K. , Kalra Sanjay , Joshi Shashank , Mithal Ambrish , Kumar K. M. Prasanna , Unnikrishnan Ambika G. , Thacker Hemant , Sethi Bipin , Chowdhury Subhankar , Sugumaran Amarnath , Mohanasundaram Senthilnathan , Menon Shalini K. , Salvi Vaibhav , Chodankar Deepa , Thaker Saket , Trivedi Chirag , Wangnoo Subhash K. , Zargar Abdul H. , Rais Nadeem
Published: February 2023

Introduction

There are limited data on the real‐world management of diabetes in the Indian population. In this 2‐year analysis of the LANDMARC study, the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and related complications were assessed.

Method

This multicenter, observational, prospective study included adults aged ≥25 to ≤60 years diagnosed with T2DM (duration ≥2 years at enrollment) and controlled/uncontrolled on ≥2 anti‐diabetic agents. This interim analysis at 2 years reports the status of glycaemic control, diabetic complications, cardiovascular (CV) risks and therapy, pan‐India including metropolitan and non‐metropolitan cities.

Results

Of the 6234 evaluable patients, 5318 patients completed 2 years in the study. Microvascular complications were observed in 17.6% of patients (1096/6234); macrovascular complications were observed in 3.1% of patients (195/6234). Higher number of microvascular complications were noted in patients from non‐metropolitan than in metropolitan cities (p < .0001). In 2 years, an improvement of 0.6% from baseline (8.1%) in mean glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) was noted; 20.8% of patients met optimum glycaemic control (HbA1c < 7%). Hypertension (2679/3438, 77.9%) and dyslipidaemia (1776/3438, 51.7%) were the predominant CV risk factors in 2 years. The number of patients taking oral anti‐diabetic drugs in combination with insulin increased in 2 years (baseline: 1498/6234 [24.0%] vs. 2 years: 1917/5763 [33.3%]). While biguanides and sulfonylureas were the most commonly prescribed, there was an evident increase in the use of dipeptidyl peptidase‐IV inhibitors (baseline: 3049/6234, 48.9% vs. 2 years: 3526/5763, 61.2%).

Conclusion

This longitudinal study represents the control of T2DM, its management and development of complications in Indian population.

Clinical Trial Registration Number

CTRI/2017/05/008452.
Financing green and climate resilient infrastructure in ASEAN countries
Authors: Glemarec Yannick
Published: February 2023

Southeast Asia is one of the world's most energy‐intensive and climate vulnerable regions, with rapid urbanization and industrialization increasing its greenhouse gas emissions and a high exposure to extreme weather events. The COVID‐19 pandemic has had a massive impact on the region's economic growth. Decisions taken by leaders today to revive economies will either entrench the region's dependence on fossil fuels or accelerate decarbonization efforts to achieve the Paris Agreement and the Sustainable Development Goals. This article recalls the imperative of a green, climate resilient recovery from the COVID‐19 pandemic to put ASEAN economies on a sustainable and inclusive development path before discussing the chronic infrastructure investment gap and reviewing options to catalyze climate investment to address this gap and finance recovery efforts.
A tubular solar still integrated with a heat pipe
Authors: Al‐Dulaimi Mustafa J. , Amori Karima E.
Published: February 2023

The aim of this work is to explore the thermal performance of a tracked tubular solar still (TSS) with a parabolic trough concentrator in Baghdad (33.27° N, 44.37° E) in September 2022. The present tubular still is distinguished by its hexagonal glass cover. The effect of integrating the TSS with a heat pipe, the still tilt angle (10°, 15°), and the depth of saline water inside the still partitions on the productivity of freshwater are investigated. The results showed that using heat pipe enhances the freshwater productivity by 25%–40% and the efficiency by 25%. For the still integrated with heat pipe, as the water depth is increased from 5.5 to 6.5 cm the productivity of freshwater is increased by 16% and 20% for tilt angles 10° and 15°, respectively.
Igf1 Regulates Fibrocartilage Stem Cells, Cartilage Growth, and Homeostasis in the Temporomandibular Joint of Mice
Authors: Bi Ruiye , Luo Xueting , Li Qianli , Li Peiran , Li Haohan , Fan Yi , Ying Binbin , Zhu Songsong
Published: February 2023

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) growth requires orchestrated interactions between various cell types. Recent studies revealed that fibrocartilage stem cells (FCSCs) in the TMJ cartilage play critical roles as cell resources for joint development and repair. However, the detailed molecular network that influences FCSC fate during TMJ cartilage development remains to be elucidated. Here, we investigate the functional role of Igf1 in FCSCs for TMJ cartilage growth and homeostasis by lineage tracing using Gli1-CreER+; Tmflfl mice and conditional Igf1 deletion using Gli1-/Col2-CreER+; Igf1fl/fl mice. In Gli1-CreER+; Tmflfl mice, red fluorescence+ (RFP+) FCSCs show a favorable proliferative capacity. Igf1 deletion in Gli1+/Col2+ cell lineages leads to distinct pathological changes in TMJ cartilage. More serious cartilage thickness and cell density reductions are found in the superficial layers in Gli1-CreER+; Igf1fl/fl mice. After long-term Igf1 deletion, a severe disordered cell arrangement is found in both groups. When Igf1 is conditionally deleted in vivo, the red fluorescent protein-labeled Gli1+ FCSC shows a significant disruption of chondrogenic differentiation, cell proliferation, and apoptosis leading to TMJ cartilage disarrangement and subchondral bone loss. Immunostaining shows that pAkt signaling is blocked in all cartilage layers after the Gli1+-specific deletion of Igf1. In vitro, Igf1 deletion disrupts FCSC capacities, including proliferation and chondrogenesis. Moreover, the deletion of Igf1 in FCSCs significantly aggravates the joint osteoarthritis phenotype in the unilateral anterior crossbite mouse model, characterized by decreased cartilage thickness and cell numbers as well as a loss of extracellular matrix secretions. These findings uncover Igf1 as a regulator of TMJ cartilage growth and repair. The deletion of Igf1 disrupts the progenitor capacity of FCSCs, leading to a disordered cell distribution and exaggerating TMJ cartilage dysfunction. © 2023 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).