bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nature of fluorine interactions in ‘wheel and axle’ topology based hexa-coordinated Sn(iv)-porphyrins: an experimental and theoretical analysis
Authors: Rani Jyoti , Ashim  , Ahamed J. Irshad , Adhikari Debashis , Natarajan Palani , Venugopalan Paloth , Patra Ranjan
Published: June 2020

The experimental and theoretical investigations on Sn(iv)-tetrapyridylporphyrins demonstrate that ‘Gulliver effect’ has to be taken into consideration in explaining the genesis of F-based intermolecular interactions.
One-dimensional arrangement of NORIA in the solid-state
Authors: Shimoyama Daisuke , Sekiya Ryo , Maekawa Hiroyuki , Kudo Hiroto , Haino Takeharu
Published: June 2020

NORIA is a synthetic macrocycle consisting of twelve resorcinol rings. By cocrystallization of NORIA with benzene, NORIA organized one-dimensional array.
The mechanism and energetics of a ligand-controlled hydrophobic gate in a mammalian two pore channel
Authors: Milenkovic Stefan , Bodrenko Igor V. , Lagostena Laura , Gradogna Antonella , Serra Giovanni , Bosin Andrea , Carpaneto Armando , Ceccarelli Matteo
Published: June 2020

The flexibility of the pore and the size of sodium hydration shell are key parameters in modulating transport in TPC1.
Pyroelectrically-driven chemical reactions described by a novel thermodynamic cycle
Authors: de Vivanco Mateo U. , Zschornak Matthias , Stöcker Hartmut , Jachalke Sven , Mehner Erik , Leisegang Tilmann , Meyer Dirk C.
Published: June 2020

The conversion of waste heat to hydrogen is made possible through pyroelectrocatalysis. The pyroelectrocatalytic threshold cycle (PTC) dictates the thermodynamic efficiency.
Hydrogen adsorption on In2O3(111) and In2O3(110)
Authors: Posada-Borbón Alvaro , Grönbeck Henrik
Published: June 2020

DFT calculations are used to explore H2 adsorption and dissociation on In2O3 surfaces.
Revising the pathways of the Li reaction with organic carbonates
Authors: Rulev Alexey A. , Frolov Alexander , Doronin Sergey , Bezuglov Iliya , Itkis Daniil M. , Yashina Lada V.
Published: June 2020

Two main pathways of reaction between lithium and organic carbonates may proceed simultaneously, while one leads to passivation and another may lead to soluble products, which are usually left unnoticed.
Ab initio investigation of the ground and excited states of RuO+,0,− and their reaction with water
Authors: Ariyarathna Isuru R. , Almeida Nuno M. S. , Miliordos Evangelos
Published: June 2020

High-level quantum chemical calculations reveal the electronic structure of low-lying electronic states of RuO0,±, and that the anion can activate the OH bond of water more readily.
Molecular dynamics simulation of the formation of Cu–Pt nanocontacts in the mechanically controlled break junction experiments
Authors: Dokukin S. A. , Kolesnikov S. V. , Saletsky A. M.
Published: June 2020

The formation of Cu–Pt nanocontacts was theoretically investigated in wide ranges of temperatures (0–300 K) and at relative Pt concentrations (0–20%).
A highly active Pt/In2O3 catalyst for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol with enhanced stability
Authors: Sun Kaihang , Rui Ning , Zhang Zhitao , Sun Zeyu , Ge Qingfeng , Liu Chang-Jun
Published: June 2020

An In2O3 supported Pt catalyst shows a significantly improved activity towards CO2 hydrogenation with methanol selectivity of ca. 100% at temperatures below 225 °C, 73% at 275 °C and 54% at 300 °C.
Silica depleted rice hull ash (SDRHA), an agricultural waste, as a high-performance hybrid lithium-ion capacitor
Authors: Temeche Eleni , Yu Mengjie , Laine Richard M.
Published: June 2020

The partial removal of SiO2from rice hull ash (RHA, an agricultural waste) is a simple, low cost, eco-friendly method of producing high-performance electrode material for hybrid-lithium ion capacitors.
Innovative two-step isolation of Ni prior to stable isotope ratio measurements by MC-ICP-MS: application to igneous geological reference materials
Authors: Beunon Hugues , Chernonozhkin Stepan M. , Mattielli Nadine , Goderis Steven , Doucet Luc-Serge , Debaille Vinciane , Vanhaecke Frank
Published: June 2020

Simple chromatographic isolation of nickel in just two steps prior to Ni stable isotope ratio analysis by MC-ICP-MS.
Multidimensional protein characterisation using microfluidic post-column analysis
Authors: Scheidt Tom , Kartanas Tadas , Peter Quentin , Schneider Matthias M. , Saar Kadi L. , Müller Thomas , Challa Pavan Kumar , Levin Aviad , Devenish Sean , Knowles Tuomas P. J.
Published: June 2020

Direct combination of liquid chromatography with multidimensional post-column analysis through microfluidics for individual quantification of biophysical parameters.
Functional reservoir microcapsules generated via microfluidic fabrication for long-term cardiovascular therapeutics
Authors: Dinh Ngoc-Duy , Kukumberg Marek , Nguyen Anh-Tuan , Keramati Hamed , Guo Song , Phan Dinh-Tuan , Ja'Afar Nurdiyana B. , Birgersson Erik , Leo Hwa Liang , Huang Ruby Yun-Ju , Kofidis Theodoros , Rufaihah Abdul Jalil , Chen Chia-Hung
Published: June 2020

The reservoir microcapsules are fabricated through one-step microfluidic phase separation for long-term cardiovascular therapeutics.
Luminescent poly(dendrimer)s for the detection of explosives
Authors: Hutchinson Kinitra L. , Stoltzfus Dani M. , Burn Paul L. , Shaw Paul E.
Published: June 2020

Poly(dendrimer)s have a larger response compared to their corresponding monomers for the detection of trace quantities of nitro-based explosives.
Process-level modelling and optimization to evaluate metal–organic frameworks for post-combustion capture of CO2
Authors: Yancy-Caballero Daison , Leperi Karson T. , Bucior Benjamin J. , Richardson Rachelle K. , Islamoglu Timur , Farha Omar K. , You Fengqi , Snurr Randall Q.
Published: June 2020

Process and economic optimization of several pressure swing adsorption cycles were carried out to rank promising metal-organic framework (MOF) materials for post combustion carbon capture.
A biomimetic yeast shell vaccine coated with layered double hydroxides induces a robust humoral and cellular immune response against tumors
Authors: Liu Dong-qun , Lu Shuai , Zhang Lun , Zhang Ling-xiao , Ji Mei , Liu Xiao-Ge , Yu Zhuo , Liu Rui-tian
Published: June 2020

Schematic illustration of the LDH nanoparticle-coated yeast shell vaccine and immune activation.
2D AuPd alloy nanosheets: one-step synthesis as imaging-guided photonic nano-antibiotics
Authors: He Songliang , Zhu Guoshuai , Sun Zhencheng , Wang Jidong , Hui Ping , Zhao Penghe , Chen Wenwen , Jiang Xingyu
Published: June 2020

2D noble metal nanomaterials in the field of photonic nano-antibiotics.
A gram scale selective oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to diformylfuran in the presence of oxone and catalyzed by 2-iodobenzenesulfonic acid
Authors: Ayoub Nadim , Bergère Carla , Toufaily Joumana , Guénin Erwann , Enderlin Gérald
Published: June 2020

In the present work, an alternative system of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) oxidation was studied, in an attempt to avoid the use of expensive metal catalysts, polluting systems and high pressures.
Promoting the hydrogenation of acetone C–C coupling into pinacol with dehydrogenation of formic acid over a NaOH-treated g-C3N4 photocatalyst
Authors: Cao Baoyue , Wang Xiangting , Chang Liangliang , Liu Xiuyu , Wang Han , Guo Jinyi , Zhou Chunsheng
Published: June 2020

NaOH-treated g-C3N4 photocatalytic dehydrogenation of formic acid to promote the hydrogenation of acetone C–C coupling into pinacol was carried out in which photo-electrons and photo-holes were effectively used.
Fabrication of new multifunctional cotton–modal–recycled aramid blended protective textiles through deposition of a 3D-polymer coating: high fire retardant, water repellent and antibacterial properties
Authors: Ahmed Mohammad Tofayel , Morshed Mohammad Neaz , Farjana Syeda , An Seung Kook
Published: June 2020

This study reports a facile fabrication of multifunctional cotton–modal–recycled aramid blended protective textiles through the deposition of a three-dimensional tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium chloride (THPC)–urea polymer coating.
The effects of the supporting electrolyte on the simultaneous determination of vitamin B2, vitamin B6, and vitamin C using a modification-free screen-printed carbon electrode
Authors: Yomthiangthae Phanumas , Kondo Takeshi , Chailapakul Orawon , Siangproh Weena
Published: June 2020

A simple and modification-free SPCE demonstrated high efficiency for the simultaneous detection of VB2, VB6, and VC in various practical applications.
Self-degrading graphene sheets for tumor therapy
Authors: Donskyi Ievgen S. , Chen Ying , Nickl Philip , Guday Guy , Qiao Haishi , Achazi Katharina , Lippitz Andreas , Unger Wolfgang E. S. , Böttcher Christoph , Chen Wei , Adeli Mohsen , Haag Rainer
Published: June 2020

Enzyme-functionalized, doxorubicin-loaded, self-degradable graphene nanoplatforms show high antitumor activity, due to synergistic photothermal- and chemotherapy along with neutrophil-like activity.
Semiconductor-to-conductor transition in 2D copper(ii) oxide nanosheets through surface sulfur-functionalization
Authors: Montgomery Matthew J. , Sugak Nikita V. , Yang Ke R. , Rogers James M. , Kube Sebastian A. , Ratinov Anthony C. , Schroers Jan , Batista Victor S. , Pfefferle Lisa D.
Published: June 2020

Sulfur-functionalization leads to surface modification of CuO nanosheets by Cu–S structures, which imparts conductive behavior to the material.
Understanding the mechanism and reactivity of Pd-catalyzed C–P bond metathesis of aryl phosphines: a computational study
Authors: Wu Shao-Qi , Zhang Shuo-Qing , Hong Xin
Published: June 2020

Computational study revealed the mechanistic details and reactivity profile of the Pd/PhI-cocatalyzed C–P bond metathesis of aryl phosphines.
3D aggregation of cells in packed microgel media
Authors: Morley Cameron D. , Tordoff Jesse , O’Bryan Christopher S. , Weiss Ron , Angelini Thomas E.
Published: June 2020

In both natural and applied contexts, investigating cell self-assembly and aggregation within controlled 3D environments leads to improved understanding of how structured cell assemblies emerge, what determines their shapes and sizes, and whether their structural features are stable.
Rod-assisted heterogeneous nucleation in active suspensions
Authors: Du Yunfei , Jiang Huijun , Hou Zhonghuai
Published: June 2020

Rod-assisted heterogeneous nucleation of a suspension of active Brownian particles is studied, using two-dimensional overdamped Langevin dynamics simulation.
Double cross-linked supramolecular hydrogels with tunable properties based on host–guest interactions
Authors: Che Yunjiao , Gaitzsch Jens , Liubimtsev Nikolai , Zschoche Stefan , Bauer Tim , Appelhans Dietmar , Voit Brigitte
Published: June 2020

We report a novel double cross-linked hydrogel system based on polyacrylamide and poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (PMOXA) network chains, as well as on supramolecular host–guest interactions with on-demand tailored mechanical properties.
Implementation of the Program for the Education and Enrichment of Relational Skills (PEERS®) Social Skills Intervention in a University-Based Communication Sciences and Disorders Clinic
Authors: Garbarino Julianne , Dow-Burger Kathryn , Ratner Nan Bernstein
Published: June 2020

Purpose

This article reviews an evidence-based treatment, the Program for the Education and Enrichment of Relational Skills (PEERS®; Laugeson & Frankel, 2010), and describes its implementation and success in a university-based communication sciences and disorders (CSD) clinic. It is intended to serve as a guide for speech-language pathologists, especially those who are university based, who wish to implement a similar program. PEERS is an evidence-based, parent-assisted group intervention targeting friendship-related social skills for adolescents. We describe the program and briefly review research demonstrating its effectiveness.

Method

We ran a pilot implementation of a slightly modified version of this program in a university-based speech clinic over 14 sessions. We enrolled a total of 18 college-bound adolescents with social communication difficulties across four semesters.

Results

Our data show significant improvements in social skills knowledge and friendship closeness over the treatment period.

Conclusions

Our findings indicate that there is preliminary evidence that PEERS, with our minor modifications, can be effective in university-based CSD clinics. We discuss the benefits of implementing PEERS programs in university-based CSD clinics and provide guidance that may be useful to speech-language pathologists who are interested in doing so.
Magnetospheric return-current-heated atmospheres of rotation-powered millisecond pulsars
Authors: Salmi Tuomo , Suleimanov Valery F. , Nättilä Joonas , Poutanen Juri
Published: June 2020

We computed accurate atmosphere models of rotation-powered millisecond pulsars in which the polar caps of a neutron star (NS) are externally heated by magnetospheric return currents. The external ram pressure, energy losses, and stopping depth of the penetrating charged particles were computed self-consistently with the atmosphere model, instead of assuming a simplified deep-heated atmosphere in radiative equilibrium. We used exact Compton scattering formalism to model the properties of the emergent X-ray radiation. The deep-heating approximation was found to be valid only if most of the heat originates from ultra-relativistic bombarding particles with Lorentz factors ofγ ≳ 100. In the opposite regime, the atmosphere attains a distinct two-layer structure with an overheated optically thin skin on top of an optically thick cool plasma. The overheated skin strongly modifies the emergent radiation: It produces a Compton-upscattered high-energy tail in the spectrum and alters the radiation beaming pattern from limb darkening to limb brightening for emitted hard X-rays. This kind of drastic change in the emission properties can have a significant impact on the inferred NS pulse profile parameters as performed, for example, by Neutron star Interior Composition ExploreR. Finally, the connection between the energy distribution of the return current particles and the atmosphere emission properties offers a new tool to probe the exact physics of pulsar magnetospheres.
Retrieving scattering clouds and disequilibrium chemistry in the atmosphere of HR 8799e
Authors: Mollière P. , Stolker T. , Lacour S. , Otten G. P. P. L. , Shangguan J. , Charnay B. , Molyarova T. , Nowak M. , Henning Th. , Marleau G.-D. , Semenov D. A. , van Dishoeck E. , Eisenhauer F. , Garcia P. , Garcia Lopez R. , Girard J. H. , Greenbaum A. Z. , Hinkley S. , Kervella P. , Kreidberg L. , Maire A.-L. , Nasedkin E. , Pueyo L. , Snellen I. A. G. , Vigan A. , Wang J. , de Zeeuw P. T. , Zurlo A.
Published: June 2020

Context.Clouds are ubiquitous in exoplanet atmospheres and they represent a challenge for the model interpretation of their spectra. When generating a large number of model spectra, complex cloud models often prove too costly numerically, whereas more efficient models may be overly simplified.

Aims.We aim to constrain the atmospheric properties of the directly imaged planet HR 8799e with a free retrieval approach.

Methods.We used our radiative transfer code petitRADTRANS for generating the spectra, which we coupled to the PyMultiNest tool. We added the effect of multiple scattering which is important for treating clouds. Two cloud model parameterizations are tested: the first incorporates the mixing and settling of condensates, the second simply parameterizes the functional form of the opacity.

Results.In mock retrievals, using an inadequate cloud model may result in atmospheres that are more isothermal and less cloudy than the input. Applying our framework on observations of HR 8799e made with the GPI, SPHERE, and GRAVITY, we find a cloudy atmosphere governed by disequilibrium chemistry, confirming previous analyses. We retrieve that C/O = 0.60−0.08+0.07. Other models have not yet produced a well constrained C/O value for this planet. The retrieved C/O values of both cloud models are consistent, while leading to different atmospheric structures: either cloudy or more isothermal and less cloudy. Fitting the observations with the self-consistent Exo-REM model leads to comparable results, without constraining C/O.

Conclusions.With data from the most sensitive instruments, retrieval analyses of directly imaged planets are possible. The inferred C/O ratio of HR 8799e is independent of the cloud model and thus appears to be a robust. This C/O is consistent with stellar, which could indicate that the HR 8799e formed outside the CO2or CO iceline. As it is the innermost planet of the system, this constraint could apply to all HR 8799 planets.
Light-induced defect creation processes and light-induced defects in hydrogenated amorphous silicon
Authors: Morigaki Kazuo
Published: June 2020

We have proposed a model of light-induced defect creation processes and light-induced defects. Recently, important results using pulsed electron-nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) by Fehr et al. [M. Fehr, A. Schnegg, C. Teutloff, R. Bittl, O. Astakhov, F. Finger, B. Rech, K. Lips, Phys. Status Solidi A 207, 552 (2010)] have been reported, so that these results are interpreted on the basis of our model. Fehr et al. have observed ENDOR signals due to hydrogen nuclei distributed around a dangling bond. The ENDOR spectra due to hydrogen nuclei being located with distance of r from the dangling bond have been calculated, taking into accounts the dipolar interaction, and also the Fermi-type contact hyperfine interaction for the H-related dangling bond (HDB) that is a dangling bond having hydrogen at a nearby site. The typical features of the observed ENDOR spectra are that the spectrum has a shoulder at the low frequency side from the natural NMR frequency of hydrogen and it has a dip in the central part. The calculated ENDOR spectrum of HDB exhibits such a shoulder. This is consistent with our model of light-induced defects such as HDB. The ENDOR spectra with various values of r are calculated. In this paper, we also deal with the distant ENDOR precisely, using the theory of distant ENDOR by Lambe et al. [J. Lambe, N. Laurance, K.C. McIrvine, R.W. Terhune, Phys. Rev. 122, 1161 (1961)]. The calculated distant ENDOR spectrum shows a dip in the central part. Concerning the dip, Fehr et al. attribute the dip to be due to the suppression of the matrix ENDOR line (this is called the artifact). Thus, it is not obvious whether the dip is due to such an artifact or the central part of the distant ENDOR spectrum.
Uncertainty propagation in atmospheric dispersion models for radiological emergencies in the pre- and early release phase: summary of case studies
Authors: Korsakissok I. , Périllat R. , Andronopoulos S. , Bedwell P. , Berge E. , Charnock T. , Geertsema G. , Gering F. , Hamburger T. , Klein H. , Leadbetter S. , Lind O.C. , Pázmándi T. , Rudas Cs. , Salbu B. , Sogachev A. , Syed N. , Tomas J.M. , Ulimoen M. , de Vries H. , Wellings J.
Published: June 2020

In the framework of the European project CONFIDENCE, Work Package 1 (WP1) focused on the uncertainties in the pre- and early phase of a radiological emergency, when environmental observations are not available and the assessment of the environmental and health impact of the accident largely relies on atmospheric dispersion modelling. The latter is subject to large uncertainties coming from, in particular, meteorological and release data. In WP1, several case studies were identified, including hypothetical accident scenarios in Europe and the Fukushima accident, for which participants propagated input uncertainties through their atmospheric dispersion and subsequent dose models. This resulted in several ensembles of results (consisting of tens to hundreds of simulations) that were compared to each other and to radiological observations (in the Fukushima case). These ensembles were analysed in order to answer questions such as: among meteorology, source term and model-related uncertainties, which are the predominant ones? Are uncertainty assessments very different between the participants and can this inter-ensemble variability be explained? What are the optimal ways of characterizing and presenting the uncertainties? Is the ensemble modelling sufficient to encompass the observations, or are there sources of uncertainty not (sufficiently) taken into account? This paper describes the case studies of WP1 and presents some illustrations of the results, with a summary of the main findings.
Improvements in individual dose measurement techniques following nuclear emergencies
Authors: López M.A. , Berkovskyy V. , Ratia G. , Challeton-de-Vathaire C. , Davesne E. , Eakins J. , Franck D. , Giussani A. , Gregoratto D. , Hernandez C. , Kulka U. , Mafodda A. , Marsh J.W. , Navarro J.F. , Oestreicher U. , Pérez B. , Sierra I. , Woda C.
Published: June 2020

The aim of CONFIDENCE WP2 is to improve the situation awareness in the early phase of a nuclear accident by trying to reduce the uncertainty in individual dose assessment when dealing with external and internal exposures. Main WP2 research actions to improve external dosimetry in this emergency frame were the development of destruction-free protocols using electronic components in smartphones for external dose measurements, Monte Carlo (MCNP) calculations for organ dose assessment with associated uncertainties and the organization of a workshop for integration of biodosimetry into emergency response. On the other hand, one of the main concerns after the release of radioactive material in case of a nuclear reactor accident is the intake of radioiodines in workers and population. A smartphone/tablet application for direct calculation of thyroid doses from monitoring data of the content of 131I (and 132I) in the thyroid was developed during the project (Prototype of processing unit for thyroid dose monitor [IDOSE]). Up to date age-dependent ICRP dose per content values are used by this tool, allowing a rapid screening of exposed persons. A sensitivity analysis on thyroid doses was carried out, considering 16 exposure scenarios leading to 16 different dose estimates, using ICRP56/119 (ICRP60) vs. ICRP130/137 iodine models for adults, varying the time of intake, the time pattern (acute vs. chronic) and considering not well defined relative abundance of short-lived radioiodines and 132Te. Real cases of Europeans contaminated in Japan shortly after the Fukushima NPP accident (low doses), and artificial cases of high doses generated to see the impact of the different parameters in this study, were used for applying this multi-intake scenario approach. Main conclusions of the study are presented here.
Is Pre-operative Quadriceps Strength a Predictive Factor for the Outcomes of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstructions
Authors: Qiu Jihong , He Xin , Fu Sai-Chuen , Ong Michael Tim-Yun , Teng Leong Hio , Shu-Hang Yung Patrick
Published: June 2020

Persistent quadriceps weakness prevents patients from returning to sports after ACL reconstruction. Pre-operative quadriceps strength was indicated as an important factor for the outcomes of ACL reconstruction. However, the existing evidence is controversial. Therefore, this systematic review was conducted to summarize and evaluate the relationship between pre-operative quadriceps strength and the outcomes following ACL reconstruction, and to summarize the predictive value of pre-operative quadriceps strength for satisfactory post-operative outcomes. Pubmed, WOS, Embase, CINAHL and SportDiscus were searched to identify eligible studies according to PRISMA guidelines. Relevant data was extracted regarding quadriceps strength assessment methods, pre-operative quadriceps strength, participants treatment protocols, post-operative outcomes, follow-up time points and the relevant results of each individual study. Twelve cohort studies (Coleman methodology score: 62±10.4; from 44–78) with 1773 participants included. Follow-up period ranged from 3 months to 2 years. Moderate evidence supports the positive association between pre-operative quadriceps strength and post-operative quadriceps strength; weak evidence supports the positive association between pre-operative quadriceps strength and post-operative functional outcomes. By now, there is no consensus on the predictive value of pre-operative quadriceps strength for achieving satisfactory quadriceps strength after ACLR. To conclude, pre-operative quadriceps strength should be taken into consideration when predict patient recovery of ACLR.
Die Stigma of Suicide Scale: psychometrische Überprüfung der deutschen Kurzversion (SOSS-SF-D)
Authors: Ludwig Julia , Liebherz Sarah , Dreier Mareike , Härter Martin , von dem Knesebeck Olaf
Published: June 2020

Ziel der Studie Deutsche Übersetzung und psychometrische Überprüfung der Stigma of Suicide Scale – Short Form (SOSS-SF).

Methodik Ermittlung von Verteilungscharakteristika, Faktorenstruktur und interner Konsistenz der SOSS-SF-D. Basis war eine telefonische Befragung (N = 2002).

Ergebnisse Aus der Hauptkomponentenanalyse gingen 3 Subskalen hervor (Stigma, Normalisierung/Glorifizierung, Depression/Isolation). Diese zeigten eine akzeptable interne Konsistenz (Cronbachs α: 0,64–0,78).

Schlussfolgerung Die SOSS-SF-D bietet ein valides, kurzes Instrument, um Einstellungen zu suizidalen Personen zu messen.
Zum Einfluss soziodemografischer Faktoren auf die Art der Verdachtsdiagnosestellung und das Tumorstadium bei Erstdiagnose von Brustkrebs
Authors: Fritz Ulrike Annette Anja , Pfaff Holger , Roth Lena , Swora Michael , Groß Sophie Elisabeth
Published: June 2020

Zielsetzung Diese Studie untersucht den Einfluss soziodemografischer Faktoren auf die Art der Verdachtsdiagnosestellung und das Tumorstadium zum Diagnosezeitpunkt bei Brustkrebs.

Material und Methoden Im Rahmen der Zertifizierung der Brustkrebszentren durch die Deutsche Krebsgesellschaft (DKG) wurden vom Institut für Medizinsoziologie, Versorgungsforschung und Rehabilitationswissenschaft (IMVR) bundesweit poststationäre postalische Patientenbefragungen durchgeführt (n = 852). Der Einfluss soziodemografischer Faktoren auf die Art der Diagnosestellung und auf das Tumorstadium wurde jeweils mithilfe einer multinominalen logistischen Regressionsanalyse untersucht.

Ergebnisse 45,5 % der Patientinnen haben ihren Tumor selbst ertastet, 33,4 % wurden im Rahmen des Mammografiescreenings und 16,6 % bei einer gynäkologischen Vorsorgeuntersuchung diagnostiziert. Eine Diagnosestellung im Rahmen der Krebsfrüherkennungsuntersuchungen (KFU) war mit einem frühen Tumorstadium assoziiert. Patientinnen mit einem niedrigen Bildungsstatus und gesetzlich Versicherte hatten eine geringere Wahrscheinlichkeit, bei einer gynäkologischen Vorsorgeuntersuchung diagnostiziert zu werden. Patientinnen im Mammografiescreening-Alter (50–69 Jahre) hatten eine höhere Wahrscheinlichkeit für ein frühes Tumorstadium, Patientinnen mit einem niedrigen Bildungsstatus hatten dafür eine geringere Wahrscheinlichkeit.

Schlussfolgerung Die Hälfte der Patientinnen wurde außerhalb der KFU diagnostiziert. Das Mammografiescreening zeigt sich als sensitiveres Mittel zur Detektion früher Tumorstadien, da eine Assoziation zwischen einer Diagnosestellung im Rahmen der KFU und einem frühen Tumorstadium gegeben ist. Ein Alter außerhalb des Screeningbereichs und ein niedriger Bildungsabschluss stellen möglicherweise soziodemografische Risikofaktoren für ein fortgeschrittenes Tumorstadium dar. Hohe Teilnehmerraten an den KFU, insbesondere der genannten Risikogruppen, erscheinen daher wichtig, um Versorgungsungleichheiten zu minimieren.
Diabetesberatung und berufliche Fortbildung in Zeiten der Covid-19-Pandemie
Authors: Fabisch Gottlobe
Published: June 2020

„Das Coronavirus hat ein zeitlich verdichtetes Experimentieren und Lernen im Umgang mit den digitalen Möglichkeiten erzwungen“, kommentierte jüngst das Berliner Weizenbaum-Institut eine der unmittelbaren Folgen der Covid-19-Pandemie 1. Das Institut ist ein von der Bundesregierung gefördertes Verbundprojekt und erforscht interdisziplinär den gesellschaftlichen Wandel durch Digitalisierung.
Persönliche und methodische Wechselwirkungen
Authors: Milz Helmut
Published: June 2020

Die Methoden und Herangehensweisen an eine Heilung sind individuell und nicht immer linear. Persönliche Haltungen und Erfahrungen sowie zahlreiche kontextuelle Faktoren beeinflussen den Weg der Heilung genauso wie die jeweils eingesetzten Therapiemethoden. Dabei geht es um eine respektvoll angemessene Auswahl von Wünschenswertem und Machbarem. Das Erkennen der Problemlage des erkrankten Menschen erfordert ein sensibles Vorgehen, gerade bei den immer häufiger auftretenden sog. funktionellen bzw. medizinisch nicht eindeutigen Erkrankungen.

Eine Reflexion über die gewählte Sprache, Zuhören, die eigenen Motive für eine Methodenpräferenz können hilfreich sein, um gemeinsam mit den Patienten das für sie Wünschenswerte zu finden und sie nicht mit dem maximal Machbaren zu überfordern.

Der Autor stellt ausgewählte Aspekte aus seiner jahrzehntelangen klinischen Praxis und Lehrtätigkeit zur Diskussion.
Einsatz und Erfolg gesundheitsbezogener Maßnahmen zur
Personalbindung in der Pflege: Ergebnisse einer schriftlichen Befragung von
Führungskräften aus der Region
Bodensee-Oberschwaben
Authors: Boscher Claudia , Raiber Lea , Fischer Florian , Winter Maik H.-J.
Published: June 2020

Hintergrund Arbeitsbedingte Gesundheitsbelastung stellt einen von vielen
Gründen dar, den Pflegeberuf frühzeitig zu verlassen. Dennoch
ist über den Erfolg und die Anwendungshäufigkeit
gesundheitsbezogener Personalbindungsmaßnahmen sowie über
Einstellungen der Führungskräfte mit Personalverantwortung
hierzu bisher wenig bekannt.

Methodik In einer Teilstudie des Verbundprojekts „ZAFH care4care
– Fachkräftebedarf in der Pflege im Zeichen von Alterung,
Vielfalt und Zufriedenheit“ wurden personalverantwortliche
Führungskräfte aller Pflegeeinrichtungen der Region
Bodensee-Oberschwaben im Sinne einer Vollerhebung (N=207)
schriftlich-postalisch befragt. Die Befragung ist der quantitative Bestandteil
einer sequenziellen, qualitativ-quantitativen Mixed-Methods-Studie. Insgesamt
nahmen an der schriftlichen Befragung 59 Personalverantwortliche teil.
Für die Auswertung der quantitativen Befragung wurden deskriptive und
bivariate Analyseverfahren genutzt.

Ergebnisse In den befragten Pflegeunternehmen zeigen sich v. a.
Probleme in der Pflegepersonalsituation durch eine zu geringe
Personalkapazität und durch die hohe Arbeitsbelastung. Zudem gab jedes
fünfte Pflegeunternehmen an, häufig von gesundheitsbedingten
Berufsaustritten betroffen zu sein. Die Anwendung gesundheitsbezogener
Maßnahmen wird mehrheitlich als erfolgreich zum Personalerhalt bewertet,
dennoch werden insbesondere verhältnispräventive Ansätze
wenig berücksichtigt.

Schlussfolgerungen Der starke Zusammenhang zwischen der hohen
Arbeitsbelastung des Pflegepersonals, der hohen Anzahl krankheitsbedingter
Fehlzeiten und gesundheitsbedingter Berufsaustritte weist auf die Notwendigkeit
gesundheitsförderlicher Interventionen in den Pflegeunternehmen hin. Den
Führungsebenen kommt, im Zusammenwirken aller zuständigen
Akteure, die Schlüsselrolle bei der Realisierung gesunder
Arbeitsbedingungen zu.
Die Pflege von Menschen mit Diabetes interdisziplinär abgestimmt, evidenzbasiert und rechtssicher gestalten
Authors: Grundke Susanne
Published: June 2020

In der Pflege von Menschen mit Diabetes geht es vor allem darum, die berufsgruppenübergreifende Zusammenarbeit abgestimmt und koordiniert zu gestalten. Dabei ist es wichtig, den Informationsaustausch zwischen den unterschiedlichen Versorgungsorten vor Informationsverlusten und Missverständnissen zu schützen, um Über-, Unter- und Fehlversorgung zu vermeiden. Für Pflege, Medizin und Therapieberufe sollten Versorgungsleitlinien der Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften e.V. (AWMF) sowie Expertenstandards des Deutschen Netzwerks für Qualitätsentwicklung in der Pflege (DNQP) ein gemeinsamer Orientierungsrahmen sein. Auf dieser Grundlage können Assessmentstrategien abgestimmt, veränderte Versorgungsbedarfe sowie Akut- und Folgekomplikationen standardisiert erfasst und in einer „gemeinsamen Sprache“ übermittelt werden. So gelingen die gemeinsame Patientenversorgung, das Entlass- und Überleitungsmanagement sowie auch die Abstimmung der Beratungs-/Schulungsinhalte für Patienten in abgestimmter Kooperation auf dem Fundament eines gemeinsamen wissenschaftsfundierten Orientierungsrahmens. Dies mit einem Ziel: Patientensicherheit.
A systematic Analysis of Evaluation Methods for Inpatient Children
and Adolescents Rehabilitation Programs
Authors: Wolf Sarah , Winkler Roman
Published: June 2020

Increasing chronic diseases in children and adolescents such as obesity,
asthma bronchiale, or mental disorders, result in a growing importance of
rehabilitation programs and subsequent program evaluations. We conducted a
systematic literature search in 5 databases and provided an overview of
methods for evaluating inpatient child and adolescent rehabilitation
programs. This included an identification of generic and indication-specific
outcomes and standardized measuring instruments. Eighteen studies covering 8
indication groups were considered for the qualitative analysis according to
the pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Overall, the 18 studies
included eight generic outcomes: (1) quality of life, (2) psychological
well-being, (3) perceived changes, (4) functionality, (5) rehabilitation
satisfaction, (6) self-management/-efficacy, (7) days of absence and
(8) self-esteem. Eighteen standardized measuring instruments and 6
self-developed questionnaires were used to assess the 8 generic outcomes.
Besides, indication-specific outcomes for 5 indications namely traumatic
brain injury, obesity, diabetes, eating disorders and neurodermatitis, were
reported. Overall, the present systematic review summarizes essential
content (8 generic outcomes) and methods for evaluations of children and
adolescent rehabilitation programs; however, before choosing a generic
measuring tool during an evaluation, the psychometric validity of the
instruments should be evaluated. In addition to the generic perspective, the
evaluation of disease-specific outcomes is recommended.
Effects of Wearing a Jaw-repositioning Intra-oral Device in Synchronized Swimming Athletes
Authors: Solana-Tramunt Monica , Buscà Bernat , Morales Jose , Miró Adrià , Aguilera-Castells Joan , Arboix-Alió Jordi
Published: June 2020

The effects of wearing an intra-oral device on several ventilatory and fatigue
markers have been reported for a variety of sports. The quality of the figures
performed in synchronized swimming is directly affected by fatigue, and can be
monitored during training sessions (TS). The aim of the study was to investigate
the acute effects of wearing customized intra-oral devices on heart rate
variability, rating of perceived exertion, blood lactate accumulation, and
salivary cortisol production during a competitive training session. Twelve
highly trained elite female athletes (age: 21.0±3.6 years) participated
in the study. Fatigue markers were assessed at the beginning and at the end of
the 3rd and 5th afternoon TS for that week, once with and
once without an intra-oral device, in random order. Salivary cortisol levels
were higher in relation to the baseline in the intra-oral device condition
(P<0.05) but not in athletes without an intra-oral device. No
differences between conditions were found in rating of perceived exertion
(P=0.465) and blood lactate (P=0.711). No time
or condition interactions or main effects were shown for heart rate variability.
Thus, there is no evidence that wearing a low-arch intra-oral device is a good
recommendation for high-standard athletes performing long and stressful
routines.
Präventiv-therapeutische Wirkung der Klangschale: Ein narratives Review
Authors: Breidenstein Sarah , Feulner Julian , Ott Michaela , Seidenath Gabriele , Schubert Christian
Published: June 2020

Die Forschung rund um Klangschaleninterventionen hat in den letzten 10 Jahren deutlichen Zulauf bekommen. Um die Wirksamkeit dieses Mind-Body-Verfahrens im klinischen Kontext zu erörtern, inkludiert das vorliegende narrative Review kontrollierte Prä-Post-Studien mit und ohne Randomisierung, sowie nicht kontrollierte Studien. Die Recherche der deutsch- und englischsprachigen Literatur ergab insgesamt 11 Studien, die den Fokus auf die präventiv-therapeutischen Wirkung einer Klangschalenintervention gelegt hatten. Obgleich sich Klangmassage und -meditation durchaus auf diverse psychologische und körperliche Faktoren der Gesundheit positiv auswirken, sind die Ergebnisse noch zu dürftig und inkonsistent, um die Klangintervention als spezifisch wirksames Verfahren anerkennen zu können. Es wird kritisch diskutiert, ob die von der Evidenzbasierten Medizin geforderte Randomisierung und Kontrolle unspezifischer Wirkfaktoren (z.B. Meaning Response) bei der Untersuchung der Klangschaleninterventionen deren Wirksamkeit verschleiern könnte.
Zwei Jahre stationsäquivalente Behandlung: Ein Werkstattbericht
Authors: Knorr Roman , Huter Jérôme , Dittmeyer Viola , Hinderer Eva
Published: June 2020

Hintergrund Die stationsäquivalente Behandlung ist seit dem 1. Januar 2018 eine Leistung der Krankenkassen und bietet die seit langem von verschiedenen Seiten geforderte Möglichkeit, akut psychisch erkrankte Menschen in ihrem gewohnten sozialen Umfeld zu behandeln. In diesem Aufsatz soll anhand von vier Fallvignetten kritisch auf zwei Jahre StäB zurückgeblickt werden.

Material und Methoden Es werden 4 Fallvignetten unterschiedlicher Störungsbilder vorgestellt und diskutiert. Die selektive Auswahl soll dazu dienen, ein möglichst breites Spektrum der bisher behandelten Störungsbilder abzubilden.

Ergebnisse Die StäB stellt eine sinnvolle und längst überfällige Erweiterung des psychiatrischen Behandlungsrepertoires dar. Sie lässt sich sinnvoll und mit Erfolg in die bisherigen Behandlungsformen integrieren. Dies gilt sowohl für die allgemeinpsychiatrischen als auch für die sucht- und alterspsychiatrischen Erkrankungen. Mit der StäB werden auch Betroffene erreicht, die bisher aus unterschiedlichen Gründen trotz bestehender stationärer Behandlungsbedürftigkeit den Kontakt zum psychiatrischen Versorgungssystem nicht gesucht haben oder nicht suchen konnten. Die StäB benötigt aber eine Weiterentwicklung der Regelungen, z.B. bezüglich der Häufigkeit der Kontakte, um die Lebensbedingungen der Betroffenen (noch) besser zu berücksichtigen.

Schlussfolgerungen Der Aufbau der StäB ist ressourcenintensiv. Sie kann sowohl störungsspezifisch als auch störungsübergreifend ausgerichtet werden. Eine störungsübergreifende Ausrichtung hat den Vorteil, dass eine größere Anzahl von Betroffenen behandelt werden kann. Sie trägt auch mehr dazu bei, ins „Standardrepertoire“ der psychiatrischen Behandlung aufgenommen zu werden. Die StäB muss weiterentwickelt werden.
Integrative Medizin und Covid-19
Authors: Heinze Sigrid
Published: June 2020

Während sich pathogenetische Therapieansätze der Medizin primär um die Entstehung von Erkrankungen, das Verständnis pathogener Prozesse bemühen, wendet sich die Salutogenese der Erforschung der Prozesse zu, die Gesundheit erhalten und fördern. Integrative Medizin verbindet pathogenetische und salutogenetische Therapieansätze zu einem Gesamtkonzept und verwirklicht damit ein „Sowohl-als-auch-Prinzip“. In ihrem Positionspapier mahnt die Hufelandgesellschaft, anstatt ausschließlich erregerorientiert vorzugehen, die Erkenntnisse der Integrativen Medizin zu nutzen, um die individuelle Gesundheit und Immunabwehr zu stärken.
Agranulozytose nach Metamizol-Einnahme – ein unterschätztes Risiko?
Authors: Schinz Katharina , Waldfahrer Frank , Wüst Wolfgang , Iro Heinrich
Published: June 2020

Hintergrund Metamizol war 2018 das am zweithäufigsten verordnete Medikament in Deutschland trotz des bekannten Risikos einer Agranulozytose und der strengen Indikationsstellung. 25 % der Verordnungen sind laut Stammschulte et al. Off-Label-Use. Obwohl eine Blutbildkontrolle in der Fachinformation ausdrücklich empfohlen wird, findet diese seitens der Mehrheit der Metamizol-verschreibenden Ärzte nicht routinemäßig statt.

Material und Methoden Retrospektive Untersuchung von 8 Fällen von Agranulozytose nach Metamizol-Einnahme im HNO-Universitätsklinikum Erlangen in den Jahren 2016–2020. Es handelte sich um 5 Männer und 3 Frauen. Das Durchschnittsalter bei Diagnosestellung lag bei 52,4 Jahren (± 25,6).

Ergebnisse Agranulozytose nach Metamizol-Einnahme ist eine schwerwiegende unerwünschte Nebenwirkung, die prinzipiell Patienten jeden Alters betreffen kann. Oft führt erst eine Symptomatik in Form von Fieber, Dysphagie und Tonsillitis, meist in Kombination mit Abszessen im Kopf-Hals-Bereich, zur Erkennung einer Metamizol-induzierten Agranulozytose. Eine Agranulozytose erfordert teilweise radikal-chirurgische und intensivstationäre Maßnahmen und kann zur Sepsis mit Organversagen oder sogar zum Tod führen.

Schlussfolgerungen Die beschriebenen Patientenfälle zeigen, dass Agranulozytose eine gefährliche bis teilweise sogar tödliche Nebenwirkung nach Metamizol-Einnahme darstellt. Auch wenn das Risiko einer Agranulozytose mit der Dauer der Anwendung anzusteigen scheint, sollten im Sinne der Patientensicherheit eine entsprechende Patientenaufklärung und die Dokumentation einer bereits einmaligen intraoperativen Gabe im Entlassbrief erfolgen. So könnte eine Agranulozytose früher erkannt und schwere Komplikationen bis hin zum Tod vermieden werden.
Procedure-Economical, Enantioselective Total Syntheses of Polycyclic Natural Products and Analogues Containing a 3a-Hydroxyhexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indole-2-carboxylic Acid Residue
Authors: Huang Pei-Qiang
Published: June 2020

The 3a-hydroxyhexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indole-2-carboxylic acid (HPIC) residue and its aza-analogue are found in many bioactive natural products. In this account, short divergent total syntheses of several such natural products, diastereomers and analogues are described. It is demonstrated that by appropriate combination of different efficient tactics such as biomimetic/bio-inspired synthesis, chemo/regioselective reactions, umpolung of regioselectivity and/or reactivity, and tandem reactions, the enantioselective syntheses of polycyclic molecules such as (+)-asperlicin E and (–)-robustanoids A and B can be achieved in a protecting-group-free and redox-economical manner, in only three to four steps starting from l-tryptophan.

1 Introduction

2 Strategic Considerations

2.1 Occurrence of HO-HPIC and HO-aza-HPIC Residues in Natural Products

2.2 Biosyntheses of HO-HPIC and HO-aza-HPIC Residues

2.3 Chemical Syntheses of HO-HPIC and HO-aza-HPIC Residues

3 Procedure-Economical Syntheses of HO-HPIC-Containing Natural Products

3.1 Protecting-Group-Free Syntheses of Asperlicin E, Its Diastereomer, and an Analogue

3.2 Divergent Syntheses of (–)-Robustanoids A and B, a Diastereomer, and Analogues

4 Conclusion and Future Perspectives
Keynote Prescription in Homoeopathy: A Prospective Series of Fifteen Consecutive Cases
Authors: Banerjee Abhiram , Purkait Rajib , Choubey Gurudev , Roja Varanasi
Published: June 2020

Background Homoeopathy is a system of therapeutics which has a holistic approach towards diseased individual. Prescription in homoeopathy is based on individualisation which can be achieved in various ways. Keynote method is one of such various ways of prescription which needs to be validated by documentation of adequate and valid evidences in its favour.

Methods This article presents a series of 15 consecutive cases in which prescriptions were made on the basis of keynote. The outcome was assessed using Outcome Related to Impact on Daily Living (ORIDL) and Measure Yourself Medical Outcome Profile (MYMOP-2) scale. Modified Naranjo criteria were used to find out any possible causal attribution.

Result The results reflected improvement in ORIDL scale (+2 and +3). MYMOP-2 for Symptom 1 showed reduction in mean score from 5.60 (standard deviation [SD]: 0.63) to 2.67 (SD: 0.72) after a treatment period of 6 weeks. The reduction was statistically significant (mean difference 2.93 with 95% confidence interval: 2.6–3.2, t-score 19.1382, p < 0.001, paired t-test). The score of Modified Naranjo criteria ranged from 6 to 9. Thus these 15 cases derived the adequate subjective evidences in favour of keynote prescription. Further documentation and studies are warranted.
Homoeopathic Management of Breast Fibroadenoma—An Open Label, Single Arm, Observational Trial
Authors: Shukla Purnima , Misra Purak , Misra Rajiv Kumar , Jain Rishabh Kumar , Shukla Rakesh , Manchanda R.K , Khurana Anil
Published: June 2020

Background Fibroadenoma of breast is the commonest ailment of women with significant morbidity. Available literature revealed that breast tumour recedes by homoeopathic treatment.

The present study evaluated the role of homoeopathic treatment on breast fibroadenoma by using ‘Triple assessment criteria’ and to explore the mechanism, whether homoeopathic medicines bring their therapeutic effect by altering the oestrogen and progesterone receptor (ER/PR) status on tumour tissue.

Materials and Methods An open label, prospective, single arm, observational study was conducted on 64 female patients having fibroadenoma of breast. Triple assessment criteria were used to explore the effectiveness of homoeopathic treatment on breast fibroadenoma. Individualised homoeopathic medicines were prescribed. The outcome measures were changes in clinical picture, number and size of lump by ultrasonomammography. ER/PR study was performed by immunohistochemistry using quick score analysis.

Results Post-treatment response of 23 cases (35.93%) of fibroadenoma revealed disappearance of lump. Partial improvement was noticed in 22 cases (34.37%) with significant reduction in mean size (p < 0.001). Similarly significant reduction in number of lesions was seen in fibroadenoma (p <0.05). Conium maculatum and Phytolacca decandra were found to be the most useful remedies. Quick score value of ER after treatment showed significant reduction (Z = 4.910).

Conclusion The study revealed that the therapeutic effects of individualised homoeopathic medicines play significant role in management of fibroadenoma of breast. The results of ER/PR show significant reduction in ER suggesting that homoeopathic medicines have some inhibitory effect on ER.
43.10 Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling of Terminal Alkynes
Authors: Tian T. , Li Z.
Published: June 2020

The construction of C—C and C—X bonds via cross-dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) reactions has made remarkable progress, and the methods developed have reached excellent levels of versatility, selectivity, and efficiency over the past few decades. The oxidative coupling of various C—H or X—H substrates to terminal alkynes can complement the coupling reactions of functionalized starting materials and can minimize waste and allow faster access to functionalized product molecules. These reactions represent a historic breakthrough in alkynylation chemistry and have greatly expanded the synthetic routes available for the efficient construction of alkynyl compounds.
On Landau–Ginzburg systems, co-tropical geometry, and Db(X) of various toric Fano manifolds
Authors: Jerby Yochay
Published: June 2020

Let X be a toric Fano manifold given by a reflexive polytope Δ and let Crit(f)⊂(C*)s be the solution scheme of the Landau–Ginzburg system associated with a Laurent polynomial fu(z)≔∑n∈Δ◦(0)∩Zsunzn∈L(Δ◦). Motivated by mirror symmetry, we construct a map E : Crit(fu) → Pic(X) and show various cases of (X, fu) for which its image Eu(X)≔E(z)|z∈Crit(fu)⊂Pic(X) is a full strongly exceptional collection of line bundles. Moreover, we study relations between Hom(E(z), E(w)) for z, w ∈ Crit(fu) and the structure of the monodromy group acting on Crit(fu). The construction relies on a study of the tropical and co-tropical properties of Crit(fu) as log|u| → ±∞.