bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Social Constructivist Mobile Learning Environments on Knowledge Acquisition: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Filali Marzouki Ouiame , Khalidi Idrissi Mohammed , Bennani Samir
Published: January 2017

This meta-analysis has two aims: a) to address the main effects of social constructivist mobile learning environments on learners’ knowledge acquisition and their academic achievements b) to address potential factors regarding design principles and instructional methods for successful social constructivist mobile environments in a blended learning context. We selected 24 articles that meet the inclusion criteria: empirical studies implementing mobile learning in a blended environment using social constructivism approach. The selected studies are not identical in terms of instructional strategies, tools and devices, period and student’s expertise level. These factors lead to variations in the magnitude of the effect sizes. The review reveals that there is a positive effect of mobile learning on the knowledge acquisition, learners’ achievements, attitudes and motivation despite the high cognitive load. This is shown through the combined effect size. A last remarkable finding related to retention is that students in such environments fulfill their academic tests, but remember less the acquired knowledge after a retention period.
Multipath Routing Protocol Based On Cross-Layer Approach for MANET
Authors: Allahham Alaa Azmi , Mohammed Muamer , Kadhim Nassir Sallom
Published: January 2017

Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) involved in many applications, whether smart or traditional and for both civilian and military uses, and that because of their special features, where it does not depend on any infrastructure during its working, as well as the nodes in MANETs have a freedom of movement with the ability to self-configure, in addition, to working as a router or client at the same time. Moreover, MANETs considered as an infrastructure less network, so the cost of this type of networks is less in comparison to other traditional networks. On the other hand, the routing considered one of most important challenges in MANETs due to the  perpetual motion and randomness of the nodes that can causing a continuous change of the network topology and thus to all paths between nodes, where finding valid paths between the nodes is the core task of routing protocols. Recently, it has been argued that the traditional layered architecture is ineffective to deal with receiving signal strength related problems. In an effort to improve the performance of MANETs, there has been increased in protocols that rely on cross-layer interaction between different layers. In this paper, a Cross-layer design among Network, MAC and Physical layers based on Threshold Multipath Routing Protocol (CTMRP) is proposed. The CTMRP is designed for decision maker based on threshold value of average paths signal for efficient transmission of the Text, image, audio and video as well as sending the data via multiple paths, which mitigate the negatives effects causes from forcing the nodes to send the data via single. The Route Discovery Delay, Number of RREQ Messages, Number of RREP Messages, End-to-End Delay, Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), and Throughput were selected as the main performance evaluation metrics. The results show that the proposed algorithm has better performance and lead to increase stability of transmission link.
Mobile Tablet-Based Stroke Rehabilitation: Using mHealth Technology to Improve Access to Early Stroke Rehabilitation
Authors: Pugliese Michael William , Wilson Kumanan , Guerinet Julien , Atkinson Katherine M , Mallet Karen H , Shamloul Rany , Zakutney Lise , Corbett Dale , Dowlatshahi Dar
Published: January 2017

Mobile health (mHealth) technology represents a means through which more stroke survivors could access early stroke rehabilitation. Although rehabilitation is most effective when begun early post-stroke, limited resources (facilities, therapists) prevent survivors from initiating therapy. Furthermore, the coupling of an aging population with advances in acute therapy has led to an increase in the absolute number of individuals suffering from and surviving strokes which in turn has put further strain on already scarce rehabilitation resources. There is an urgency to conduct high-quality research exploring cost-effective and creative mHealth devices for early rehabilitation in the acute setting. Mobile technology allows therapists to prescribe apps based on standard cognitive/physical assessments in the acute setting, remotely monitor patient progress across individual carepaths, and update prescribed therapies based on patient feedback and recovery. Recognition of the growing problem of accessing early stroke rehabilitation, and the possibilities offered by mHealth technology led to the development of the RecoverNow platform for stroke rehabilitation in the acute setting. RecoverNow is a custom built, tablet-based stroke rehabilitation platform that houses a variety of previously existing apps with activities analogous or identical to exercises in speech language and/or occupational therapy. While RecoverNow represents how mobile technology can be utilized to address a growing public health issue, the feasibility, acceptability and efficacy of tablet-based stroke rehabilitation are unknown. Studies with the goal of establishing feasibility of early tablet-based stroke rehabilitation are needed and, if appropriate, a randomized controlled trial to establish efficacy.
Effect of Nitrogen Oxide on the Gums Lamina propria Structure and Function in the Experimental Gastritis, Duodenitis and Pharmacological Correction
Authors: Romanenko Y.G. , Mamchur V.I. , Levykh A.E.
Published: January 2017

In the conditions of experi mental chronic gastritis and duodenitis reproduction, carried out among Wistar line 24 rats, was investigated effect of the nitrogen oxide stable metabolites content in the gums homogenates on a lamina propria structure and function. Results of our research have been shown, that level of nitrogen oxide stable metabolites in the rats’ gums tissues homogenates with gastritis and duodenitis decreased in three times, compared with a same period at the intact animals, which indicated about depletion of a nitrogen oxide depot at the given disease. It was revealed a significant decrease typical for the protein and glycoprotein content in the animals gums tissues at the experimental group, which indicated about the catabolic processes predominance. Amount of hexosamines in the gums was significantly increased, which was correlated with a morphological picture (gums lamina propria impregnation with the blood plasma proteins), testified about a change in the vascular wall permeability and microcirculation disruption. In the animals from experimental group was reduced a height of gums papillae connective tissue to 27.18±1.86 x 10-6 m against 56.93±2.64 x 10-6 m in the rats from control group. In the gums lamina propria defines phenomenon of the papillary and reticular layer fibrosis. After medicamentous correction, carried out with an antioxidant and the nitrogen oxide donor was observed repairing structure of the gums lamina propria on a background of increasing microvasculature area. It was determined significantly increased protein and glycoprotein content in the gums tissues with increased levels of nitrogen oxide metabolites.
Practices and discourses of ubuntu: Implications for an African model of disability?
Authors: Berghs Maria
Published: January 2017

Background: Southern African scholars and activists working in disability studies have argued that ubuntu or unhu is a part of their world view. Objectives: Thinking seriously about ubuntu, as a shared collective humanness or social ethics, means to examine how Africans have framed a struggle for this shared humanity in terms of decolonisation and activism. Method: Three examples of applications of ubuntu are given, with two mainly linked to making explicit umaka. Firstly, ubuntu is linked to making visible the invisible inequalities for a common humanity in South Africa. Secondly, it becomes correlated to the expression of environmental justice in West and East African countries. Results: An African model of disability that encapsulates ubuntu is correlated to how Africans have illustrated a social ethics of a common humanity in their grassroots struggles against oppression and disablement in the 20th century. Ubuntu also locates disability politically within the wider environment and practices of sustainability which are now important to the post-2105 agenda, Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) and the (UN) Sustainable Development Goals linked to climate change. Conclusion: A different kind of political action linked to social justice seems to be evolving in line with ubuntu. This has implications for the future of disability studies.
Disclosure of errors in optometric practice in Nigeria
Authors: Ebeigbe Jennifer A. , Iperepolu Donald S.
Published: January 2017

Background: Human beings are prone to making mistakes, whether in their personal or professional lives. Errors in health care are not uncommon. However, it is not certain if public and professional expectations of disclosure of these errors are met in everyday practice by practitioners.Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate patients’ and optometrists’ attitudes towards disclosure of errors in eye care.Method: This was a qualitative study conducted in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria, using focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews (IDIs). The study population comprised 24 patients aged 18–42 years, with a mean age (±s.d.) of 38 ± 2.2 years, and 16 eye-care practitioners (ECPs), with a minimum of 5 years’ work experience. The optometrists were aged between 32 and 50 years with a mean age (±s.d.) of 42 ± 2.1 years. Three FGDs were conducted with the adult participants, while 16 IDIs were conducted with ECPs.Results: All participants agreed that errors do occur in eye care. Poor communication between doctors and patients, patients lying to doctors and negligence on the doctor’s part were some of the reasons given for the occurrence of errors in optometric practice. Most of the practitioners (14) agreed that major errors should be disclosed when they occur. While many of the patients (20) would want detailed information about the error, a few (4) would prefer the doctor to rectify the error rather than explaining it to them. Practitioners reported fear of litigation as a factor that could discourage them from disclosing errors. Eighteen patients reported litigation as a last resort, in the event of an error. Both parties agreed that errors caused emotional distress to them and also added that additional charges incurred should be borne by whichever party was the cause of the error.Conclusion: Errors are an unfortunate part of clinical practice. However, if patients were truthful and open in communication with their doctors and if doctors practiced within the ambit of ethical principles, the occurrence of serious errors should be few and far between.
О двух проблемах, связанных с ассоциаторами луп Муфанг
Authors: Gorshkov Ilya Borisovich , Grishkov Aleksandr Nikolaevich , Zavarnitsine Andrei Vitalievich
Published: January 2017

Построена лупа Муфанг $M$ порядка $3^{19}$ и
пара $a$, $b$ таких ее элементов, что множество
всех элементов $M$, ассоциирующих с $a$ и $b$, не является подлупой.
Это также дает пример неассоциативной лупы Муфанг
с порождающим множеством, любые три элемента которого ассоциируют.
Библиография: 5 названий.
Сизигии квадратичного вложения Веронезе
Authors: Netay Igor Vitalievich
Published: January 2017

Явно вычислены сизигии квадратичного вложения Веронезе $\mathbb{P}(V)\subset\mathbb{P}(\mathrm{Sym}^2V)$ как представления группы $\operatorname{GL}(V)$. Также построены резольвенты для пучков $\mathscr{O}_{\mathbb{P}(V)}(i)$ в категории $D(\mathbb{P}(\operatorname{Sym}^2V))$.
Библиография: 20 названий.
Приближение тригонометрическими полиномами, $K$-функционалы и обобщенные модули гладкости
Authors: Runovskii Konstantin Vsevolodovich
Published: January 2017

Наилучшее приближение и приближение семействами линейных полиномиальных операторов (СЛПО) периодических функций произвольного числа переменных в пространствах $L_p$, $0<p \le +\infty$, изучаются в терминах обобщенного модуля гладкости, произведенного периодическим генератором, который в окрестности нуля близок в определенном смысле некоторой однородной функции положительного порядка. Доказаны прямая и обратная теоремы (оценки типа Джексона и Бернштейна) и найдены условия на генераторы, обеспечивающие эквивалентность ошибки приближения посредством СЛПО подходящему модулю гладкости. Эти задачи решаются путем перехода от модуля к некоторому эквивалентному ему $K$-функционалу. Даны приложения полученных общих результатов к классическим объектам теории приближений и гладкости, в частности к методам приближения, порожденным ядрами Фейера, Рисса и Бохнера-Рисса, а также модулям гладкости и $K$-функционалам, соответствующим обычным производным, производным Вейля, Рисса и оператору Лапласа.
Библиография: 24 названия.
Гибкость $S$-многообразий полупростых групп
Authors: Shafarevich Anton Andreevich
Published: January 2017

Пусть $k$ - алгебраически замкнутое поле характеристики нуль, и пусть $\mathbb{G}_a=(k,+)$ - его аддитивная группа. Алгебраическое многообразие $X$ называется гибким, если касательное пространство в каждой его регулярной точке порождено касательными векторами к орбитам различных регулярных действий группы $\mathbb{G}_a$. В 1972 г. Э. Б. Винберг и В. Л. Попов ввели класс аффинных $S$-многообразий, т.е. таких многообразий, на которых действует связная алгебраическая группа с открытой орбитой, причем стационарная подгруппа любой точки этой орбиты содержит максимальную унипотентную подгруппу группы $G$. В этой статье мы докажем гибкость $S$-многообразий полупростых групп.
Библиография: 9 названий.
Скейлинг в эрозии ландшафтов: ренормгрупповой анализ бесконечнозарядной модели
Authors: Antonov Nikolai Viktorovich , Kakin Polina Igorevna
Published: January 2017

Применение стандартной квантово-полевой ренормгруппы к модели эрозии ландшафтов, разработанной Пастор-Саторрасом и Ротманом, приводит к неожиданным результатам: модель оказывается мультипликативно-перенормируемой, только когда она содержит бесконечное число констант связи, т. е. соответствующие уравнения ренормгруппы содержат бесконечное число $\beta$-функций. Показано, что тем не менее однопетлевой контрчлен удается формально выразить через известную функцию $V(h)$, входящую в исходное стохастическое уравнение, и ее производные по полю $h$ высоты профиля. Из разложения этой функции в ряд Тейлора можно получить весь бесконечный набор однопетлевых перенормировочных констант, $\beta$-функций и аномальных размерностей. Вместо отдельных неподвижных точек возникает их двухмерная поверхность, которая, весьма вероятно, содержит инфракрасно-притягивающие области. В этом случае модель демонстрирует скейлинговое поведение в инфракрасном диапазоне. Соответствующие критические экспоненты оказываются неуниверсальными, поскольку они зависят от координат неподвижной точки на поверхности, но удовлетворяют определенным точным соотношениям.
Motorcycles, Cell Phones, and Electricity Can Dramatically Change the Epidemiology of Infectious Disease in Africa
Authors: Lagier Jean-Christophe , Sokhna Cheikh , Raoult Didier
Published: January 2017

Some observations and recent publications demonstrated, particularly in Africa, the potential influence that low-cost motorcycles, cell phones, and even widespread electrification could have on the evolution of infectious diseases, particularly zoonoses. Our reflections support the conclusion that we should focus on the real-time surveillance systems including alerting systems leading to a rapid and flexible response rather than the strongly limited modeling of infectious diseases because of the continuous evolution of microorganisms, as well as changes in the environment and human habits that are unpredictable.
The Global in Global Health is Not a Given
Authors: Mason Paul H. , Kerridge Ian , Lipworth Wendy
Published: January 2017

The process of globalization is commonly espoused as a means for promoting global health. Efforts to “go global” can, however, easily go awry as a result of lack of attention to local social, economic, and political contexts and/or as a result of commercial and political imperatives that allow local populations to be exploited. Critical analysis of the processes of globalization is necessary to better understand the local particularities of global projects and confront challenges more transparently. We illustrate the potential adverse impacts of globalization in the global health setting, through examination of international tuberculosis control, global mental health, and the establishment of transnational biobank networks.
Content and Language Integrating Learning with Technologies: an online global training experience
Authors: Cinganotto Letizia
Published: January 2017

The focus of this report is the link between CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) and CALL (Computer-Assisted Language Learning), and in particular, the added value technologies can bring to the learning/ teaching of a foreign language and to the delivery of subject content through a foreign language. An example of a free online global training initiative on these topics will be described: “Techno-CLIL for EVO 2016”. An overview of the course will be offered, detailing some of the asynchronous and synchronous activities proposed during the five-week training experience which registered about 5000 participants from all over the world. Special attention will be devoted to the feedback from the teachers on how this experience helped their professional growth as reflective practitioners.
A responsabilidade social da magistratura brasileira: accountability e responsividade em meio à tensão entre o dever de prestar contas e a garantia da independência judicial
Authors: Roseno Marcelo
Published: January 2017

Constitui objeto do presente artigo examinar aspectos da responsabilidade social da magistratura no Brasil, buscando identificar em que medida o comportamento dos juízes está exposto à crítica pública e à atuação da imprensa e do público em geral, e é por elas influenciado, confrontando os resultados com um modelo em que impere a obrigação de prestar contas e a responsividade, sem sacrifício da independência judicial, o qual se apresenta como o mais compatível com um regime político democrático, como o instituído pela ordem constitucional instalada em 1988.
CCN production by new particle formation in the free troposphere
Authors: Rose Clémence , Sellegri Karine , Moreno Isabel , Velarde Fernando , Ramonet Michel , Weinhold Kay , Krejci Radovan , Andrade Marcos , Wiedensohler Alfred , Ginot Patrick , Laj Paolo
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Global models predict that new particle formation (NPF) is, in some environments, responsible for a substantial fraction of the total atmospheric particle number concentration and subsequently contributes significantly to cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations. NPF events were frequently observed at the highest atmospheric observatory in the world, on Chacaltaya (5240 m a.s.l.), Bolivia. The present study focuses on the impact of NPF on CCN population. Neutral cluster and Air Ion Spectrometer and mobility particle size spectrometer measurements were simultaneously used to follow the growth of particles from cluster sizes down to ∼ 2 nm up to CCN threshold sizes set to 50, 80 and 100 nm. Using measurements performed between 1 January and 31 December 2012, we found that 61 % of the 94 analysed events showed a clear particle growth and significant enhancement of the CCN-relevant particle number concentration. We evaluated the contribution of NPF, relative to the transport and growth of pre-existing particles, to CCN size. The averaged production of 50 nm particles during those events was 5072, and 1481 cm−3 for 100 nm particles, with a larger contribution of NPF compared to transport, especially during the wet season. The data set was further segregated into boundary layer (BL) and free troposphere (FT) conditions at the site. The NPF frequency of occurrence was higher in the BL (48 %) compared to the FT (39 %). Particle condensational growth was more frequently observed for events initiated in the FT, but on average faster for those initiated in the BL, when the amount of condensable species was most probably larger. As a result, the potential to form new CCN was higher for events initiated in the BL (67 % against 53 % in the FT). In contrast, higher CCN number concentration increases were found when the NPF process initially occurred in the FT, under less polluted conditions. This work highlights the competition between particle growth and the removal of freshly nucleated particles by coagulation processes. The results support model predictions which suggest that NPF is an effective source of CCN in some environments, and thus may influence regional climate through cloud-related radiative processes.
Technical note: Coordination and harmonization of the multi-scale, multi-model activities HTAP2, AQMEII3, and MICS-Asia3: simulations, emission inventories, boundary conditions, and model output formats
Authors: Galmarini Stefano , Koffi Brigitte , Solazzo Efisio , Keating Terry , Hogrefe Christian , Schulz Michael , Benedictow Anna , Griesfeller Jan Jurgen , Janssens-Maenhout Greet , Carmichael Greg , Fu Joshua , Dentener Frank
Published: January 2017

Abstract. We present an overview of the coordinated global numerical modelling experiments performed during 2012–2016 by the Task Force on Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution (TF HTAP), the regional experiments by the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII) over Europe and North America, and the Model Intercomparison Study for Asia (MICS-Asia). To improve model estimates of the impacts of intercontinental transport of air pollution on climate, ecosystems, and human health and to answer a set of policy-relevant questions, these three initiatives performed emission perturbation modelling experiments consistent across the global, hemispheric, and continental/regional scales. In all three initiatives, model results are extensively compared against monitoring data for a range of variables (meteorological, trace gas concentrations, and aerosol mass and composition) from different measurement platforms (ground measurements, vertical profiles, airborne measurements) collected from a number of sources. Approximately 10 to 25 modelling groups have contributed to each initiative, and model results have been managed centrally through three data hubs maintained by each initiative. Given the organizational complexity of bringing together these three initiatives to address a common set of policy-relevant questions, this publication provides the motivation for the modelling activity, the rationale for specific choices made in the model experiments, and an overview of the organizational structures for both the modelling and the measurements used and analysed in a number of modelling studies in this special issue.
Modification of the RothC model to simulate soil C mineralization of exogenous organic matter
Authors: Mondini Claudio , Cayuela Maria Luz , Sinicco Tania , Fornasier Flavio , Galvez Antonia , Sánchez-Monedero Miguel Angel
Published: January 2017

Abstract. The development of soil organic C (SOC) models capable to produce accurate predictions of the long term decomposition of exogenous organic matter (EOM) in soils is important for an effective management of organic amendments. However, reliable C modelling in amended soils requires specific optimization of current C models to take into account the high variability of EOM origin and properties. The aim of this work was to improve the prediction of C mineralization rates in amended soils by modifying the RothC model to encompass a better description of EOM quality. The standard RothC model, involving C input to the soil only as decomposable (DPM) or resistant (RPM) organic material, was modified by introducing additional pools of decomposable (DEOM), resistant (REOM) and humified (HEOM) EOM. The partitioning factors and decomposition rates of the additional EOM pools were estimated by model fitting to respiratory curves of amended soils. For this task, 30 EOMs from 8 contrasting groups (compost, anaerobic digestates, sewage sludges, agro-industrial wastes, crop residues, bioenergy by-products, animal residues, meat and bone meals), were added to 10 soils and incubated under different conditions. The modified Roth C model was fitted to C mineralization curves in amended soils with great accuracy (mean correlation coefficient: 0.995). Differently to the standard model, the EOM-optimized RothC was able to better accommodate the large variability in EOM source and composition, as indicated by the decrease in the root mean squared error of the simulations for different EOMs (from 29.9 % to 3.7 % and from 20.0 % to 2.5 % for bioethanol residue and household waste compost amended soils, respectively). Average decomposition rates for DEOM and REOM pools were 89 y−1 and 0.4 y−1, higher than the standard model coefficients for DPM (10 y−1) and RPM (0.3 y−1). Results indicate that explicit treatment of EOM heterogeneity enhances the model ability to describe amendment decomposition under laboratory conditions and provides useful information to improve C modelling on the effects of different EOM on C dynamics in agricultural soils. Future researches involve the validation of the modified model with field data and its application to long term simulation of SOC patterns in amended soil at regional scale under climate change.
Calibrating Climate Models Using Inverse Methods: Case studies
with HadAM3, HadAM3P and HadCM3
Authors: Tett Simon F. B. , Yamazaki Kuniko , Mineter Michael J. , Cartis Coralia , Eizenberg Nathan
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Optimisation methods were successfully used to calibrate parameters in an atmospheric component of a climate model using two variants of the Gauss-Newton line-search algorithm. 1) A standard Gauss-Newton algorithm in which, in each iteration, all parameters were perturbed. 2) A randomized block-coordinate variant in which, in each iteration, a random sub-set of parameters was perturbed. The cost function to be minimized used multiple large-scale observations and was constrained to produce net radiative fluxes close to those observed. These algorithms were used to calibrate the HadAM3 (3rd Hadley Centre Atmospheric Model) model at N48 resolution and the HadAM3P model at N96 resolution. For the HadAM3 model, cases with seven and fourteen parameters were tried. All ten 7-parameter cases using HadAM3 converged to cost function values similar to that of the standard configuration. For the 14-parameter cases several failed to converge, with the random variant in which 6 parameters were perturbed being most successful. Multiple sets of parameter values were found that produced multiple models very similar to the standard configuration. HadAM3 cases that converged were coupled to an ocean model and ran for 20 years starting from a pre-industrial HadCM3 (3rd Hadley Centre Coupled model) state resulting in several models whose global-average temperatures were consistent with pre-industrial estimates. For the 7-parameter cases the Gauss-Newton algorithm converged in about 70 evaluations. For the 14-parameter algorithm with 6 parameters being randomly perturbed about 80 evaluations were needed for convergence. However, when 8 parameters were randomly perturbed algorithm performance was poor. Our results suggest the computational cost for the Gauss-Newton algorithm scales between P and P2 where P is the number of parameters being calibrated. For the HadAM3P model three algorithms were tested. Algorithms in which seven parameters were perturbed and three out of seven parameters randomly perturbed produced final configurations comparable to the standard hand tuned configuration. An algorithm in which six out of thirteen parameters were randomly perturbed failed to converge. These results suggest that automatic parameter calibration using atmospheric models is feasible and that the resulting coupled models are stable. Thus, automatic calibration could replace human driven trial and error. However, convergence and costs are, likely, sensitive to details of the algorithm.
Gauge-adjusted rainfall estimates from commercial microwave links
Authors: Fencl Martin , Dohnal Michal , Rieckermann Jörg , Bareš Vojtěch
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Increasing urbanization makes it more and more important to have accurate stormwater runoff predictions, especially with potentially severe weather and climatic changes on the horizon. Such stormwater predictions in turn require reliable rainfall information. Especially for urban centres, the problem is that the spatial and temporal resolution of rainfall observations should be substantially higher than commonly provided by weather services with their standard rainfall monitoring networks. Commercial microwave links (CMLs) are non-traditional sensors, which have been proposed about a decade ago as a promising solution. CMLs are line-of-sight radio connections widely used by operators of mobile telecommunication networks. They are typically very dense in urban areas and can provide path-integrated rainfall observations at sub-minute resolution. Unfortunately, quantitative precipitation estimates (QPEs) from CMLs are often highly biased due to several epistemic uncertainties, which significantly limit their usability. In this manuscript we therefore suggest a novel method to reduce this bias by adjusting QPEs to existing rain gauges. The method has been specifically designed to produce reliable results even with comparably distant rain gauges or cumulative observations. This eliminates the need to install reference gauges and makes it possible to work with existing information. First, the method is tested on data from a dedicated experiment, where a CML has been specifically set up for rainfall monitoring experiments, as well as operational CMLs from an existing cellular network. Second, we assess the performance for several experimental layouts of ground truth from rain gauges (RGs) with different spatial and temporal resolutions. The results suggest that CMLs adjusted by RGs with a temporal aggregation of up to 1 h (i) provide precise high-resolution QPEs (relative error  < 7 %, Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient  >  0.75) and (ii) that the combination of both sensor types clearly outperforms each individual monitoring system. Unfortunately, adjusting CML observations to RGs with longer aggregation intervals of up to 24 h has drawbacks. Although it substantially reduces bias, it unfavourably smoothes out rainfall peaks of high intensities, which is undesirable for stormwater management. A similar, but less severe, effect occurs due to spatial averaging when CMLs are adjusted to remote RGs. Nevertheless, even here, adjusted CMLs perform better than RGs alone. Furthermore, we provide first evidence that the joint use of multiple CMLs together with RGs also reduces bias in their QPEs. In summary, we believe that our adjustment method has great potential to improve the space–time resolution of current urban rainfall monitoring networks. Nevertheless, future work should aim to better understand the reason for the observed systematic error in QPEs from CMLs.
Marine ice sheet model performance depends on basal sliding physics and sub-shelf melting
Authors: Gladstone Rupert Michael , Warner Roland Charles , Galton-Fenzi Benjamin Keith , Gagliardini Olivier , Zwinger Thomas , Greve Ralf
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Computer models are necessary for understanding and predicting marine ice sheet behaviour. However, there is uncertainty over implementation of physical processes at the ice base, both for grounded and floating glacial ice. Here we implement several sliding relations in a marine ice sheet flow-line model accounting for all stress components and demonstrate that model resolution requirements are strongly dependent on both the choice of basal sliding relation and the spatial distribution of ice shelf basal melting.Sliding relations that reduce the magnitude of the step change in basal drag from grounded ice to floating ice (where basal drag is set to zero) show reduced dependence on resolution compared to a commonly used relation, in which basal drag is purely a power law function of basal ice velocity. Sliding relations in which basal drag goes smoothly to zero as the grounding line is approached from inland (due to a physically motivated incorporation of effective pressure at the bed) provide further reduction in resolution dependence.A similar issue is found with the imposition of basal melt under the floating part of the ice shelf: melt parameterisations that reduce the abruptness of change in basal melting from grounded ice (where basal melt is set to zero) to floating ice provide improved convergence with resolution compared to parameterisations in which high melt occurs adjacent to the grounding line.Thus physical processes, such as sub-glacial outflow (which could cause high melt near the grounding line), impact on capability to simulate marine ice sheets. If there exists an abrupt change across the grounding line in either basal drag or basal melting, then high resolution will be required to solve the problem. However, the plausible combination of a physical dependency of basal drag on effective pressure, and the possibility of low ice shelf basal melt rates next to the grounding line, may mean that some marine ice sheet systems can be reliably simulated at a coarser resolution than currently thought necessary.
Reply to Basal buoyancy and fast-moving glaciers: in defense of analytic force balance by C. J. van der Veen (2016)
Authors: Hughes Terence J.
Published: January 2017

Abstract. Two approaches to ice-sheet modeling are available. Analytical modeling is the traditional approach. It solves the force (momentum), mass, and energy balances to obtain three-dimensional solutions over time, beginning with the Navier-Stokes equations for the force balance. Geometrical modeling employs simple geometry to solve the force and mass balance in one dimension along ice flow. It is useful primarily to provide the first-order physical basis of ice-sheet modeling for students with little background in mathematics (Hughes, 2012). The geometric approach uses changes in ice-bed coupling along flow to calculate changes in ice elevation and thickness, using floating fraction φ along a flowline or flowband, where φ = 0 for sheet flow, 0
Collection-based analysis of selected medical libraries in the Philippines using Doody’s Core Titles
Authors: Torres Jr. Efren
Published: January 2017

Objectives: This study assessed the book collection of five selected medical libraries in the Philippines, based on Doodys’ Essential Purchase List for basic sciences and clinical medicine, to compare the match and non-match titles among libraries, to determine the strong and weak disciplines of each library, and to explore the factors that contributed to the percentage of match and non-match titles.Method: List checking was employed as the method of research.Results: Among the medical libraries, De La Salle Health Sciences Institute and University of Santo Tomas had the highest percentage of match titles, whereas Ateneo School of Medicine and Public Health had the lowest percentage of match titles. University of the Philippines Manila had the highest percentage of near-match titles.Conclusion: De La Salle Health Sciences Institute and University of Santo Tomas had sound medical collections based on Doody’s Core Titles. Collectively, the medical libraries shared common collection development priorities, as evidenced by similarities in strong areas. Library budget and the role of the library director in book selection were among the factors that could contributed to a high percentage of match titles.
Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR)
Authors: Swanberg Stephanie M.
Published: January 2017

Not applicable
We can be heroes: MLA’s leadership journey(s)
Authors: Tooey Mary Joan (M.J.)
Published: January 2017

Objective: Are there key attributes of leaders? Extrovert versus introvert? Charismatic? Detail oriented? Visionary? How do past leaders of the Medical Library Association (MLA) stack up? What leadership skills will MLA’s leaders need in a complex information future? Leadership attributes of MLA’s past and current presidents were studied to determine the common characteristics shared among these leaders. An examination of the leadership literature identified critical leadership characteristics essential to successful future leaders. MLA’s past, current, and future leadership development efforts were examined. Finally, all members were encouraged to consider leadership with a small “l” and become leaders based on their own strengths, interests, and environments.Methods: A text analysis was performed on past presidential profiles, the past twenty-five years of MLA presidents were surveyed, and conversations with MLA’s current presidents were held to determine commonalities among leadership characteristics. These were compared and contrasted with characteristics in the current leadership literature regarding the qualities of future leaders.Results: The text analysis of past presidential profiles was not particularly revelatory regarding leadership qualities of early MLA presidents although several generalized traits emerged including collaborative traits; management traits such as effectiveness and efficiency, innovation, and vision; personal traits such as humor and energy; and finally, a passion for the work were revealed. These aligned with traits identified in the survey of the past twenty-five years of MLA presidents and with the thoughts of the president-elect, president, and past president. Additional qualities identified were communication skills, political acumen, creativity, courage, and respect for the opinions and concerns of all members. MLA’s current leadership programs were reviewed in the context of examining traits needed by leaders of the future. A lack of focus on the needs of middle managers and the development of individual leadership skills was identified.Conclusions: As an organization, MLA should focus on leadership development in contrast to management training to prepare members as leaders in careers and work that may be vastly different than current situations. Equipping members with the skills enabling them to lead and thrive in these diverse situations, whether as the heads of programs or middle managers, or exploring and empowering individual leadership development while maintaining a passion for the profession, will be essential.A transcript of the lecture and accompanying slides are available in the supplementary materials.
Caracterización del programa educación técnica y tecnológica (INATEC) en el marco del Plan Nacional de Desarrollo Humano (PNDH) de Nicaragua
Authors: Centeno Rivera María Elizabeth , Rodriguez Benavides Josseling , Zamora Cruz Adonis Moisés , Zeledón Zeledón Ethel Lizmarling , Castillo Herrera Beverly
Published: January 2017

La presente investigación desarrolla el tema de caracterización del programa de Educación Técnica y Tecnología (INATEC) en el marco del Plan Nacional de Desarrollo Humano (PNDH) de Nicaragua. Se realizó análisis documental de las teorías desarrolladas con relación al tema estudiado, así también analizamos antecedentes de un desarrollo bajo circunstancias de un contexto no progresista. Sin embargo, estas situaciones en el contexto de carencias sirvieron como factor para generar cuestiones de las necesidades de desarrollo sociales. Nos centramos en la importancia de la problemática del desarrollo y la participación ciudadana en América Latina, cabe destacar que también se trabajó con el Plan Nacional de Desarrollo Humano y el modelo Cristiano, Socialista y Solidario enfocándonos en las alternativas que posee el plan y el modelo bajo la visión de beneficiar las necesidades sociales desde la familia, comunidad y vida. La Educación Técnica y Tecnológica se ha vuelto una necesidad para desarrollar ambientes económicos y de productividad humana, dicho de otra manera, la innovación de educación y tecnología son puntos claves para visualizar un país que busca el futuro de demostrar la capacidad de educación basadas en el uso tecnológico que hoy son primordial para los crecimientos económicos y sociales de un estado.
Construction of High School Students’ Abstraction Levels in Understanding the Concept of Quadrilaterals
Authors: Budiarto Mega Teguh , Khabibah Siti , Setianingsih Rini
Published: January 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the abstraction thinking or the vertical reorganization activity of mathematical concepts of high school students while taking account of the abstraction that was constructed earlier, and the socio-cultural background. This study was qualitative in nature with task-based interviews as the method of collecting the data. It involved 62 high school students, and conducted for one year. The study focused on activities related to how the subjects grouped plane figures, recognized the attributes of each two plane figure, recognized the relation among them based on their attributes, defined plane figures, connected their attributes, as well as constructed the relations among plane figures. The results indicates that the abstraction level of high school students in constructing the relations among quadrilaterals consists of concrete visual level, semi-concrete visual level, semi-abstract visual level, and abstract visual level, together with indicators of each level. Therefore, the researchers suggest that it is necessary to design a learning activity that facilitates the four levels of abstraction, so that a student might increase his/her level of abstraction.
A Study of the Relationship between Key Factors of Academic Innovation and Faculties’ Teaching Goals—The Mediatory Role of Knowledge
Authors: Mohammadi Mehdi , Marzooghi Rahmatullah , Dehghani Fatemeh
Published: January 2017

The following research tries to study the Relationship between key factors of academic innovations and faculties’ teaching goals with the mediatory role of their pedagogical, technological and content knowledge. The statistical population in this research included faculty members of Shiraz University. By simple random sampling, 127 faculty members were selected. The research instruments included of Academic Innovation Factors scale, Knowledge scale and Teaching Goals inventory. The data was analyzed, by structural equation model. Results showed Academic innovation key factors are positive predictor of various faculty members’ teaching goals. Academic innovation key factors are positive predictor of faculty members’ knowledge. Academic innovation key factors with the mediatory role of faculty members is positive predictor of faculty members’ teaching goals.
Popular Culture. A Reply to Shusterman and Małecki
Authors: Snævarr Stefán
Published: January 2017

The article is a response to criticism of my two recent articles on Richard Shusterman’s view of popular culture by Shusterman and Małecki. The former maintains that I have misrepresented his view on Europe, the USA and popular culture. But I point out that he talks as if there is no popular culture in Europe due to Europe’s aristocratic traditions, and that the USA is a hotbed of popular culture thanks to its egalitarian traditions, and that Europe can be treated as a country comparable to the USA. He also says that I falsely think he is talking about popular culture while he is really talking about popular art. But I show that it is meaningless to talk about popular art without talking about popular culture and that as a pragmatist Shusterman should have understood that. I show that Małecki grossly misrepresents my article, maintaining that I am against all forms of popular art and against everything Shusterman says about popular art. I show that this is blatantly wrong.
Editorial
Authors: Lund Jacob
Published: January 2017

With no over-arching theme, this issue of The Nordic Journal of Aesthetics presents a diversity of articles that under different perspectives deal with a variety of different topics and medialities, ranging from a critical theoretical exploration of the faculty of judgement, over an analytic evaluation of architectural value, to an enactive approach to aesthetic preference and the bodily conditions of meaning constitution.
Temporalization as Transcendental Aesthetics - Avant-Garde, Modern, Contemporary
Authors: Osborne Peter
Published: January 2017

Reflections on the relationship of aesthetics to politics tend to circle, almost compulsively, around a relatively stable set of conceptual oppositions, inherited from German philosophies of the late 18th century. This essay proposes an expansion of the theoretical terms of the debate by extending the field of transcendental aesthetics into the domain of historical temporalization. Fundamental art-historical categories may thereby be incorporated, philosophically transformed, into ‘aesthetics’ as forms of historical temporalization: avant-garde, modern, contemporary. The essay expounds two theses, in particular: 1. The historical subsumption of the temporality of the avant-garde by the temporality of the modern: the modern stands to the avant-garde as the negation of its politics by the repetition of the new –‘the new as the ever–same’; 2. the historical subsumption of the temporality of the modern by ‘the contemporary’: the contemporary stands to the modern as the negation of the dialectical logic – and hence specifically developmentalist futurity – of the new by a spatially determined, but imaginary co-presencing. One effect of this latter subsumption, it is argued, is a particular, regressive ‘repetition of the national’, at the level of cultural representation, on the terrain of the global.
Towards a Media-Archaeology of Sirenic Articulations Listening with Media-Archaeological Ears
Authors: Ernst Wolfgang
Published: January 2017

Media archaeology is not just a methodological claim but first of all a research practice of media culture. The case study described in this text is meant to demonstrate that archaeoacoustics can be applied to cultural aesthetics as well. The research expedition of April 2004 exploring the sonosphere of the Li Galli islands facing the Italian Amalfi coast measured the sonosphere of the acoustic theatre where the Homeric Sirens are supposed to have sung, resulting in surprising findings about the acoustic real(ity) lurking behind the myth. The relation between media archaeology and aesthetics is a dialectic one: Only through the application of most positivistic acoustic measurement technologies can new evidence against the philological tradition be gained, while at the same time these data only make aesthetic sense when coupled with cultural knowledge.
Publications of aesthetic interest
Authors: Lund Jacob
Published: January 2017

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