bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Telehealth and Palliative Care for Patients With Cancer: Implications of the COVID-19 Pandemic (Preprint)
Authors: Grewal Udhayvir Singh , Terauchi Stephanie , Beg Muhammad Shaalan
Published: May 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

It has been reported that the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection is higher in patients with cancer than in the general population and that patients with cancer are at an increased risk of developing severe life-threatening complications from COVID-19. Increased transmission and poor outcomes noted in emerging data on patients with cancer and COVID-19 call for aggressive isolation and minimization of nosocomial exposure. Palliative care and oncology providers are posed with unique challenges due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Telepalliative care is the use of telehealth services for remotely delivering palliative care to patients through videoconferencing, telephonic communication, or remote symptom monitoring. It offers great promise in addressing the palliative and supportive care needs of patients with advanced cancer during the ongoing pandemic. We discuss the case of a 75-year-old woman who was initiated on second-line chemotherapy, to highlight how innovations in technology and telehealth-based interventions can be used to address patients’ palliative and supportive care needs in the ongoing epidemic.
An environmental scan of Canadian Internet resources and Apps about pediatric concussion. (Preprint)
Authors: Campbell Alyson , Plourde Vickie , Hartling Lisa , Bains Arjun , Scott Shannon D.
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

Concussions are complex injuries affecting millions of children worldwide. Various organizations have developed educational supports about childhood concussions in a variety of formats including handouts, training tools and videos. Despite the plethora of resources available, uncertainty in how to manage childhood concussions prevails, and knowing which resources are relevant and accurate can be confusing. For many Canadians the Internet and smartphone applications are easily accessible and offer information pertinent to one’s health and well-being, including those suffering from concussion. However, research is needed to discover information gaps in relation to these Internet resources and Apps to reduce future resource redundancies and improve knowledge translation, ultimately improving concussion care and outcomes for children and families.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of our study was to identify Canadian-based Internet resources and Apps for pediatric concussion, extract information about each resource to identify gaps, and assess these resources for suitability.

METHODS

We conducted an environmental scan of Canadian-based Internet resources and Apps on pediatric concussion. Three main sources were sequentially searched: The Internet (Google) and two App stores (Apple, Google Play). Interviews with key informants from Canadian concussion organizations were conducted to further inquire about resources. Resources meeting the inclusion criteria were evaluated using the Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM).

RESULTS

300 Internet websites and 200 apps were searched. A total of 53 resources (51 web-based resources and 2 Apps) met the inclusion criteria. Target audiences included parents (n=11), health care professionals (n=6), teachers (n=5), coaches (n=3), and youth (n=2). Twenty-six resources did not have a specified target audience. Symptoms (n=35), treatment (n=28) and return-to-play (n=24) information was the most common. The most common formats were PDFs (n=20) and infographics (n=8). SAM scores ranged from 36.8% to 97.2%.

CONCLUSIONS

A limited number of resources were developed specifically for children or youth who have sustained concussions, and those that did were sport specific. Only one resource shared a patient or family experience with concussion. Future resources aiming to improve the knowledge and awareness of pediatric concussions require more inclusivity beyond the athletic community. Additionally, the knowledge and perspectives of those using these resources should be incorporated into their development to enhance relevance, cultural appropriateness and sensemaking. More creative and innovative formats may also enhance the overall usefulness and effectiveness of these resources.
Assessing YouTube as an Educational Tool for Shingles: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Dunnsiri Teevit , Kawashita Takumi , Lee Sharon C , Monga Aaron Kumar , Woo Benjamin K P
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

YouTube is a popular platform with many videos, which have potential educational value for medical students. Due to the lack of peer review, other surrogates are necessary to determine the content quality of such educational videos. Few studies have analyzed the research background or academic affiliation of the physicians associated with the production of YouTube videos for medical education. The research background or academic affiliations of those physicians may be a reflection of the content quality of these educational videos.

OBJECTIVE

This study identifies physicians associated with the production of educational YouTube videos about shingles and analyzes those physicians based on their research background or academic affiliation, which may be good surrogates for video content quality.

METHODS

Using the YouTube search engine with default settings, the term “shingles” was searched on May 8, 2020. A cross-sectional study was performed using the first 50 search results. A search on Scopus for each identified physician was performed, and data regarding their research background and academic affiliation were recorded.

RESULTS

Of the 50 YouTube videos, 35 (70%) were categorized as academic. Of the 35 academic videos, 24 (71%) videos featured physicians, totaling 25 physicians overall. Out of these 25 physicians, 5 (20%) had at least 1 shingles-related publication and 8 (32%) had an h-index >10. A total of 21 (84%) physicians held an academic affiliation.

CONCLUSIONS

These results ensure to a certain degree the quality of the content in academic videos on YouTube for medical education. However, further evaluation is needed for this growing platform.
Digital Health for the Opioid Crisis: Funding the Future (Preprint)
Authors: Lin En-Ju Deborah , Schroeder Madeleine , Huang Yungui , Lin Simon
Published: May 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

The opioid crisis is ravaging economies and communities across the United States. Technology has the potential to end this crisis. Digital health offers new ways to reach, diagnose, and treat individuals with opioid use disorders. Federal research funding tends to reflect the nation’s research priorities and shape the direction of innovation. We reviewed funded projects by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) from 2013 to 2017, a period leading to the substantial increase in federal funding and the launch of the HEAL (Helping End Addiction Long-TermSM) initiative in 2018. We presented our viewpoint of the research landscape of the digital health development for the opioid crisis. Overall, there was a gradual increase in NIDA grant funding for technology in the opioid crisis and the percentage of NIDA technology awards funding new projects has nearly doubled. More specifically, we discuss the types of applications and potential challenges in five emerging technology categories: electronic health, mobile health, virtual reality, artificial intelligence, and biosensor. Diversification of funding in these categories offers the promise of more innovation in new technologies to combat the opioid epidemic.
Mobile Health Intervention Promoting Physical Activity in Adults Post Cardiac Rehabilitation: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Park Linda G , Elnaggar Abdelaziz , Lee Sei J , Merek Stephanie , Hoffmann Thomas J , Von Oppenfeld Julia , Ignacio Nerissa , Whooley Mary A
Published: May 2020

BACKGROUND

Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is an exercise-based program prescribed after cardiac events associated with improved physical, mental, and social functioning; however, many patients return to a sedentary lifestyle leading to deteriorating functional capacity after discharge from CR. Physical activity (PA) is critical to avoid recurrence of cardiac events and mortality and maintain functional capacity. Leveraging mobile health (mHealth) strategies to increase adherence to PA is a promising approach. Based on the social cognitive theory, we sought to determine whether mHealth strategies (Movn mobile app for self-monitoring, supportive push-through messages, and wearable activity tracker) would improve PA and functional capacity over 2 months.

OBJECTIVE

The objectives of this pilot randomized controlled trial were to examine preliminary effects of an mHealth intervention on group differences in PA and functional capacity and group differences in depression and self-efficacy to maintain exercise after CR.

METHODS

During the final week of outpatient CR, patients were randomized 1:1 to the intervention group or usual care. The intervention group downloaded the Movn mobile app, received supportive push-through messages on motivation and educational messages related to cardiovascular disease (CVD) management 3 times per week, and wore a Charge 2 (Fitbit Inc) activity tracker to track step counts. Participants in the usual care group wore a pedometer and recorded their daily steps in a diary. Data from the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and self-reported questionnaires were collected at baseline and 2 months.

RESULTS

We recruited 60 patients from 2 CR sites at a community hospital in Northern California. The mean age was 68.0 (SD 9.3) years, and 23% (14/60) were female; retention rate was 85% (51/60). Our results from 51 patients who completed follow-up showed the intervention group had a statistically significant higher mean daily step count compared with the control (8860 vs 6633; P=.02). There was no difference between groups for the 6MWT, depression, or self-efficacy to maintain exercise.

CONCLUSIONS

This intervention addresses a major public health initiative to examine the potential for mobile health strategies to promote PA in patients with CVD. Our technology-based pilot mHealth intervention provides promising results on a pragmatic and contemporary approach to promote PA by increasing daily step counts after completing CR.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03446313; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03446313
Public Health Strategies for the Gradual Lifting of the Public Sector Lockdown in Jordan and the United Arab Emirates During the COVID-19 Crisis (Preprint)
Authors: AlQutob Raeda , Moonesar Immanuel Azaad , Tarawneh Mohammad Rasoul , Al Nsour Mohannad , Khader Yousef
Published: May 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

In this viewpoint, we present public policies and public health strategies for a gradual lockdown lifting during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) crisis in two country cases, Jordan and the United Arab Emirates. While managing pandemics is critical in terms of preparedness, response, and recovery, it is equally vital to ensure that the measures for a lockdown exit are both efficient and effective. It is critical to learn from first-wave lessons to systematize responses during times of crisis and execute appropriate public policies and public health strategies. This viewpoint highlights the importance of the following during lockdown lifting: pandemic control, health care capacity, training, scaling up of resources and systems, and priority setting of public policies by acknowledging challenges, developing policy insights, and setting the policy direction. The systematic approaches and leadership thinking required for lifting lockdowns during a crisis include the three Rs: Readiness, Responses, and Resilience & Recovery.
The Effect of Power Distance, Moral Intensity, and Professional Commitment on Whistleblowing Decisions
Authors: Pangestu Florencia , Rahajeng Dian Kartika
Published: May 2020

Introduction/Main Objectives: Whistleblowing decisions are one of the keys in fraud detection. Considering the rise of fraud cases in organizations, this individual action has a significant impact on organizational performance. Therefore, it is necessary to examine factors that influence the whistleblowing decisions of individuals. Background Problems: This study examines the effect of power distance, moral intensity, and professional commitment on the whistleblowing decision of undergraduate accounting students at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Gadjah Mada (FEB UGM).Novelty: The novelty of our research is we are filling the gap in previous studies by using students as the population; most studies use employees (such as auditors) as the main population. We use students because they form the next fraud-fighting generation to enter the working environment. Therefore, their understanding and perceptions of whistle blowing activities are crucial. This research is considered to be the first micro-level analysis research in the areas. Research Methods: We adopted the survey method and analyzed it using a regression. We use purposive sampling on 189 undergraduate students from the accounting department. Findings/Results: Our findings indicate that power distance, moral intensity, and professional commitment simultaneously affect accounting students’ whistleblowing decisions. Power distance had a negative and significant effect, meanwhile professional commitment had a positive and significant effect and there was no significant effect of moral intensity toward the whistleblowing. Conclusion: Having professional commitment is essential for whistleblowing decision-making. It needs individual awareness and professional ethics, as well as improvements to people’s morals and values.
Perjuangan dalam Ketidakpastian”: Studi Etnografi Usaha Bisnis Rintisan/Start-Up oleh Anak Muda di D.I. Yogyakarta
Authors: Darmawan Arif Budi , Hakim Azinuddin Ikram , Sari Yuni Afita
Published: May 2020

From previous generation’s point of view, building a start-up business is still frequently considered as a devi- ated choice because of its inherent risk. However, instead of avoiding it, some ordinary youth category prefer to choose to plunge in the risk itself. This article applies participation observation and in-depth interview as data collection technique. By the process, the result is that start-up business becomes a form of the subculture careers based on ordinary youth category, in which this business is subjectively as a symbol to express their language of restlessness and resistance through development of passion differently from dominant culture.
Karier Subkultural dan Kritisisme Street Artist Yogyakarta
Authors: Jati Jagat Hidayat , Widhyharto Derajad
Published: May 2020

This article is based on research in 2017 about street artists in Yogyakarta. The study uses qualitative method with following issue and visuals approach on six street artists to extract 3 aspects: issue, medium, and actor.  Street artist as subcultural career is a process of creating space and efforts to maintain it. Street artists is mentally affected through perception of surroundings, then their awareness of reality and hopes for public spaces collide so that alternative spaces are created in the street walls, in the end the walls become space wich symbolically interpreted by the viewer. To be able to create space and maintain it, street artists have a side of criticism. Starting from the awareness of differences in public space, selection of street as a core element in the city, as well as accuracy in momentum. Criticism is carried out repeatedly and build a resistance identity. Each street artist is in a position to oppose and criticize the various problems that surround them through two work patterns, issue first or place first. The pattern is also carried out together to form a collective identity.
Karier Subkultur dan Kelompok Marginal: Menelaah Potret Profesi Dominatrix dalam Serial Netflix “Bonding”
Authors: Fahadi Prasakti Ramadhana
Published: May 2020

The competition for jobs in big cities tends to be tougher for the members of groups that are marginalized and socially stigmatized. As a consequence, alternative cultures and vocations emerge. An example of this is the role of professional dominatrix in the kink or alternative sexuality subculture. Using interpretive analysis method, this article studies youth with other marginal identities—namely ‘woman’, ‘homosexual’, and ‘working-class member’ — in regards to their choice to pursue their career in kink subculture as a professional dominatrix in Netflix’s show Bonding. The findings of this research are as follows: The legitimation of alternative sexuality industry as a metropolitan subculture; young people choose to pursue a career, especially in subcultural industry, as a platform as well as motivation for self-actualization, and; jobs in sex and alternative sexuality industry are taken by marginalized young people as an effort to make a living in a big city.
USO E A DIFUSÃO DA LÍNGUA BRASILEIRA DE SINAIS NA ESCOLA COMUM
Authors: Corá Pamela Estefani , De Abreu Anderson , Graff Patrícia
Published: May 2020

O uso e a difusão da Libras, por estudantes ouvintes que têm acesso a esta língua no decorrer do processo de escolarização, constituem o tema dessa pesquisa, cujo objetivo foi identificar se, no cotidiano escolar, os alunos difundem e fazem uso desta língua como meio de comunicação com os surdos. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de campo de natureza qualitativa e de cunho etnográfico, observando o comportamento de um grupo de indivíduos no cotidiano escolar. A pesquisa mostra que os alunos ouvintes fizeram uso da língua de sinais dentro da escola, com algumas especificidades como: a) diferença de uso da língua entre os gêneros masculino e feminino; b) maior aproximação com a língua de sinais no grupo de escolares que frequentam os Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental; c) importância do professor bilíngue dentro da escola, no diálogo com todos os alunos. Conclui-se que a língua de sinais é importante para os alunos ouvintes e surdos dentro da escola comum, possibilitando a inclusão do aluno surdo.
ALTERNATIVAS ÉTICAS DESDE LA EDUCACIÓN AMBIENTAL
Authors: Villarruel-Fuentes Manuel , Villarruel-López María de Lourdes
Published: May 2020

En medio de intensas contiendas ideológicas por ganar los espacios de entendimiento en torno al destino que habrá de enfrentar la humanidad, las propuestas éticas cobran una gran vigencia, constituyéndose en referentes del actuar correcto en tiempos de crisis. Con base en ello, la educación ambiental brinda el sustrato necesario para recuperar los valores y principios que permiten repensar la conducta humana respeto a los distintos contextos de actuación –social, política, económica y cultural-, así como reinstalar la relación armónica que antaño se tuvo con el ambiente natural. Como producto de estas disertaciones se trazan rutas de pensamiento reflexivo y crítico y se discuten propuestas desde los marcos que definen el saber, los valores y las creencias como base sustantiva de una ciudadanía ambiental y de una ética para la vida.
Soybean Disease Detection with Feature Selection Using Stepwise Regression Algorithm: LVQ vs LVQ2
Authors: Muhamad Nida , Endah Sukmawati Nur , Sarwoko Eko Adi , Sasongko Priyo Sidik
Published: May 2020

ndonesia's soybean needs increase from year to year. But according to data from the Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) the amount of national soybean productivity is still low, so the fulfillment of soybean needs is done by importing soybeans from several countries such as China, Ukraine, Canada, Malaysia, and the United States. Low soybean productivity is caused by several factors. One of the causes is disease. This study aims to create a soybean disease detection by applying Learning Vector Quantization 2 (LVQ2) neural network algorithm(ANN) and Stepwise Regression Algorithm attribute selection. The attribute variables used consisted of 35 symptoms of the disease in soybean crop data. The data used in this study is a soybean dataset taken from University of California Irvine Machine Learning Repository as much as 200 data. The distribution of training data and test data is done by the k-fold cross validation method with a value of k = 10. The result of the study shows that the best paramater use in lVQ2. The results showed that the best parameters in LVQ2 is learning rate (α) value of 0.3; epsilon 0.04; and maximum epoch 100. While the best attribute selection uses the parameter p to enter and p to remove of  0.15 which produces 17 selected attributes such as date, plant stand, precipitation, leaves, leaf spot halo, leaf spot margins, leafspot size, leaf mildew, stem canker, stem fungi, external decay, fruit pods, fruit spots, seeds, mold growth, seed discolor, roots. The best results in this study resulted in an accuracy of 90.5%, 9.5% error rate, 90.5% sensitivity, and 98.94% specificity
Fitur Linguistik Dan Non-Linguistik Penggunaan Bahasa Sms Pada Siswa Smpn 4 Mataram Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Di Sekolah
Authors: Sriningsih Endang
Published: May 2020

Isu sentral yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah 1) bagaimanakah fitur linguistik dan non-linguistik yang digunakan siswa dalam berbahasa SMS? dan 2) Bagaimanakah implikasi fitur linguistik dan non-linguistik penggunaan bahasa SMS pada siswa kelas VIII 10 SMPN 4 Mataram tahun pelajaran 2014/ 2015 terhadap pembelajaran bahasa Indonesia di sekolah? Data yang dipergunakan untuk menjawab tiga persoalan tersebut diperoleh dari para siswa berupa fitur linguistik dan non-linguistik penggunaan bahasa SMS. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara: memotret (Capture atau Screenshot) dari HP mereka, observasi, mencatat kejadian di lapangan, kuesioner, dan wawancara. Seluruh data yang ada diidentifikasi, dikodifikasi, diklasifikasi, dan dianalisis. Data dianalisis berdasarkan bentuk, fungsi, makna, kontak sosial, dan implikasinya terhadap pembelajaran di sekolah. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa fitur bahasa SMS para siswa berupa pesan verbal, yang terdiri dari fonem, morfem, leksikon, frasa, dan kalimat dan pesan non-verbal berupa emoticon (tanda rasa).Kata kunci: fitur, linguistik, dan SMS
Los Escenarios Geopolíticos en América Latina en la Crisis del Modelo Neoliberal
Authors: Casillas Herrera Pablo
Published: May 2020

Hoy en día es ampliamente conocido que el modelo neoliberal del capitalismo ha entrado en una crisis profunda. En esta crisis nos encontramos en una heterogeneidad de realidades y diversas posibilidades que, sin embargo, se han venido entretejiendo como soluciones a la crisis del sistema capitalista neoliberal desde finales del siglo XX y se han ido profundizando hacia el siglo XXI.

Existen soluciones con modelos alternativos como el mixto, una especie de socialismo con capitalismo regulado por el Estado; pero para el caso de América Latina, que es el que nos ocupa, nos encontramos con tres tendencias: una primera, puede caracterizarse por “socialistas” del siglo XXI, un fuerte Estado social con un modelo económico neoliberal regulado por el Estado; una segunda tendencia, que puede caracterizarse de neo-socialdemócrata, un modelo económico neoliberal regulado por el Estado; y una tercera tendencia, con fuertes fundamentos neoliberales ortodoxos del BM, FMI y EEUU, donde el Estado no regula ni controla al mercado, y, por el contrario, aparece el mercado como regulador y controlador del Estado. En estas tendencias de respuesta a la crisis del sistema capitalista neoliberal, en América Latina podemos apreciar la transformación del Estado en tres direcciones: una primera dirección, hacia un Estado social-político, Comunal, indo-americano, con amplios movimientos sociales; una segunda dirección, hacia un Estado socialdemócrata; y una tercera dirección, hacia la persistencia de un Estado más neoliberal, de libre mercado, excluyente y clasista.
Los Agrocombustibles en el Sistema Mundo Capitalista
Authors: Goméz Valencia Gabriela
Published: May 2020

El presente texto aborda la teoría del sistema mundo capitalista, y desde ésta analiza la producción de agrocombustibles (AGC) a partir de caña de azúcar en el Valle del Cauca. Posteriormente define la agroindustria y una de sus formas particulares, la producción de AGC, con la finalidad de describir y explicar el fenómeno; finalmente desarrolla una crítica a la producción de AGC y al modelo de desarrollo sostenible desde la ecología política.

El objetivo de la investigación es explicar desde la conceptualización del sistema mundo y la ecología política, el fenómeno de los agrocombustibles y a nivel específico, la producción de agrocombustibles en el Valle del Cauca.
Pobreza y Poder Político –Desafío del Siglo XXI–
Authors: Posso Ordóñez Ec. Roberto
Published: May 2020

Las graves repercusiones de la crisis económica que nos está afectando, hacen que el tema de esta ponencia tenga actualidad y sea oportuno analizarlo y discutirlo en este importante foro coordinado por el Centro de Estudios e Investigaciones Latinoamericanas –CEILAT– de la Universidad de Nariño. Lo anterior se evidencia por cuanto las propias Naciones Unidas estiman que para el año 2009 el número de personas viviendo en condiciones de pobreza subirá “ entre 55 y 90 millones más de lo previsto antes de la crisis mundial, aunque el impacto variará según regiones y países”.Recordemos que en la Cumbre del Milenio de Naciones Unidas (celebrada en septiembre de 2000), se suscribió la “Declaración del Milenio” siendo el principal de los ocho ambiciosos objetivos (ODM) que se acordaron en ella: el “Erradicar la pobreza extrema y el hambre”. En la mencionada cumbre se estableció el año 2015 como fecha límite para alcanzar, entre otras metas, la reducción de todas las formas de extrema pobreza.
El Imaginario de la Muerte en las Cofradías y Capellanías del Monasterio de las Conceptas en la Provincia de Pasto. 1809-1824
Authors: Luna Zamara Karol Viviana
Published: May 2020

Las instituciones de la muerte existentes en el Monasterio de la Pura y Limpia Concepción durante la época de la independencia (1809-1824) colaboraron en la configuración del imaginario religioso de la muerte ya que fueron instituciones que agrupaban a diversas personas en torno a la creencia en tres espacios extra mundanos el cielo, el infierno y el purgatorio. En el monasterio existieron varias capellanías tanto eclesiásticas como de legos, cuyo papel era sanar y salvar el alma de las religiosas que ingresaban a dicho convento, así como también de sus familiares. Los cofrades de la Virgen del Monte Carmelo creían en la existencia del purgatorio, la mediación de la virgen y de la importancia de su intersección en el espacio de purificación.
Una Opción Liberadora: Sujetos en Resistencia
Authors: Jaramillo Salgado Diego
Published: May 2020

El debate sobre el sujeto en América Latina ha superado la discusión que imponía la unilineal dirección que se centraba en el que ejercía una ciudadanía. América Latina ha demostrado históricamente que la construcción del sujeto es inherente a las prácticas que viven  comunidades dentro de procesos diferenciados. No solamente agrarias si no también urbanas. Si bien la pregunta por el sujeto no excluye la opción individual, la construcción desde lo social y comunitario implica la realización de sus prácticas. Los procesos de resistencia de comunidades y movimientos sociales de América Latina han producido señas de otras opciones en función de una acción liberadora. Proceso que se acentúa con la crisis que vive el capitalismo y que ha conducido a plantear una inminente crisis civilizatoria.
STUDY OF STRESS-STRAIN STATES OF A REGULAR HINGE-ROD CONSTRUCTIONS WITH KINEMATICALLY ORIENTED SHAPE CHANGE
Authors: Gaydzhurov Peter , Iskhakova Elvira , Tsaritova Nadezhda
Published: May 2020

For regular hinge-rod structures, an engineering method for analyzing the stress-strain state is devel­oped, taking into account the transformation of the form by folding repeated fragments of the structure. For the software implementation of the proposed calculation algorithm, a macro is compiled in the APDL language, which is built into the ANSYS software package. A step-by-step procedure that simulates the transformation of the farm geometry was tested.
Think Tanks in Russia and China: History of Creation, Assessment of the Current State and the Prospects of Cooperation
Authors: Kuklina E. A.
Published: May 2020

The relevance of the research concerning the think tanks creation and development is due to the increased role of the expert community in preparing the analytical base for making managerial decisions at the state level. Currently, think tanks are ranked as the “fifth power”, after the legislative, executive, judicial powers and the media, which enhances their importance and role in modern society. Today, international conferences of think tanks and the network associations development of expert and analytical structures is one of the transnationalization manifestations in the intellectual sphere. The article presents the results of studying the prerequisites for the think tanks emergence in the world and the stages of their evolution, and describes the characteristic features. A grouping of new analytical centers inRussiais presented, the features of the emergence and development of Asian think tanks, which play an important role in enhancing the international scientific and expert dialogue, are revealed. The features and stages of theChinathink tanks formation, as well as their modern structure are presented. One of the promising areas of Russian-Chinese cooperation in the expert analytical sphere has been identified, the hypothesis is the possibility of implementing joint Russian-Chinese expertanalytical cooperation projects in the Arctic zone.
International Legal Regulation in the Sphere of Pension Provision for Cis Citizens
Authors: Mishalchenko Yu. V. , Platonova L. A. , Toropygin A. V.
Published: May 2020

The present article analyzes the pension provision for citizens of the CIS integration associations and legal regulation prospects.

In the article the fundamental documents on the pension provision regulation for CIS citizens are discussed, including international bilateral treaties of theRussian Federation.
Scenario modeling of Information and Political Threats in the Internet
Authors: Borshchenko V. V.
Published: May 2020

The article deals with information threats concerning the influence of different political manipulation methods, affecting the social development of the country. The theory of scenarios presented in the article allows to evaluate possible alternatives to their implementation in the Internet space. The scenario forecasting method for information and political threats is proved.
Eurasian Integration as a Strategic Choice of Russia
Authors: Vetrenko I. A.
Published: May 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state of Eurasian integration and the significance of the Eurasian ideology in this process. The main goal is to answer the question whether the time has come forEurasiato lead from a geopolitical position. The relevance of the topic is confirmed not only by numerous interdisciplinary studies, but also by real political integration processes. The analysis of the Customs Union's activities is presented as an effective tool for Eurasian integration.
Ususret izazovima obrazovanja za medije i kulturu 21. stoljeća
Authors: Martinoli Ana
Published: May 2020

Digitalizacija medija i demokratizacija alata i servisa koji se mogu koristiti za proizvodnju medijskih sadržaja trendovi su koji su kreirali
nikad otvorenije, participativnije okruženje kada su u pitanju komunikacija, produkcija i razmjena medijskih sadržaja. Istovremeno, znanja i vještine sve se češće stječu u neformalnim udruženjima, neinstitucionaliziranim profesionalnim grupama, u online zajednicama u kojima ideje i znanja protječu nelinearno, često bez sistema hijerarhije, a nadograđuju se i utvrđuju u interaktivnim procesima. Ovakva kretanja neminovno mijenjaju očekivanja i zadatke formalnih obrazovnih institucija koja se često nedovoljno brzo prilagođavaju, ne odgovarajući na potrebe dinamičnog, umreženog, multimedijalnog tržišta. Cilj je ovoga rada istraživanje odabranih primjera dobre prakse u visokom obrazovanju, u području medijske produkcije i menadžmenta medija, koji demonstriraju neophodan interdisciplinarni pristup osmišljavanju edukativnih programa.
Zastupljenost i obilježja društveno neprihvatljivoga govora o političkim
strankama na internetskim portalima na primjeru prosvjeda u Vukovaru
2018. godine
Authors: Kučiš Vlasta , Đuho Nika , Balabanić Ivan
Published: May 2020

Korištenje društveno neprihvatljivoga govora u medijima postaje sve važnije pitanje i sve češći predmet analiza. On se može manifestirati u različitim oblicima što uvelike otežava njegovu identifikaciju i precizno definiranje te naposljetku otežava borbu protiv njegove upotrebe. U radu se prisutnost društveno neprihvatljivoga govora analizirala na najčitanijim domaćim internetskim portalima (Jutarnji.hr,
Večernji.hr, Narod.hr, Dnevno.hr, Index.hr, Net.hr, Tportal.hr te Direktno.hr) te komentarima građana koji se odnose na prosvjed u Vukovaru, koji se održao u listopadu 2018. godine. Cilj analize medijskog sadržaja bio je utvrditi postojanje društveno neprihvatljivoga
govora na primjeru političkih stranaka te utvrditi glavne načine izražavanja društveno neprihvatljivoga govora na odabranim internetskim portalima. Analizom je obuhvaćeno ukupno 906 komentara građana. Iako još
uvijek ne postoji jednoznačna definicija društveno neprihvatljivoga govora, moguće je primijetiti da se on u svojim brojnim oblicima uglavnom pojavljuje kada je riječ o osjetljivim društvenim i političkim temama koje izazivaju snažne emocije te oko kojih još uvijek nije uspostavljen društveni i vrijednosni konsenzus.
Effects of an Electronic Software “Prompt” With Health Care Professional Training on Cardiovascular and Renal Complications in a Multiethnic Population With Type 2 Diabetes and Microalbuminuria (the GP-Prompt Study): Results of a Pragmatic Cluster-Randomized Trial
Authors: Willis Andrew , Crasto Winston , Gray Laura J. , Dallosso Helen , Waheed Ghazala , Davies Melanie , Seidu Sam , Khunti Kamlesh
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVE

Tight, targeted control of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors can reduce cardiovascular complications and mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and microalbuminuria. The effects of using an electronic “prompt” with a treatment algorithm to support a treat-to-target approach has not been tested in primary care.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

A multicenter, cluster-randomized trial was conducted among primary care practices across Leicestershire, U.K. The primary outcome was the proportion of individuals achieving systolic and diastolic blood pressure (<130 and <80 mmHg, respectively) and total cholesterol (<3.5 mmol/L) targets at 24 months. Secondary outcomes included proportion of individuals with HbA1c <58 mmol/mol (<7.5%), changes in prescribing, change in the albumin-to-creatinine ratio, major adverse cardiovascular events, cardiovascular mortality, and coding accuracy.

RESULTS

A total of 2,721 individuals from 22 practices, mean age 63 years, 41% female, and 62% from black and minority ethnic groups completed 2 years of follow-up. There were no significant differences in the proportion of individuals achieving the composite primary outcome, although the proportion of individuals achieving the prespecified outcome of total cholesterol <4.0 mmol/L (odds ratio 1.24; 95% CI 1.05–1.47; P = 0.01) increased with intensive intervention compared with control. Coding for microalbuminuria increased relative to control (odds ratio 2.05; 95% CI 1.29–3.25; P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONS

Greater improvements in composite cardiovascular risk factor control with this intervention compared with standard care were not achieved in this cohort of high-risk individuals with T2DM. However, improvements in lipid profile and coding can benefit patients with diabetes to alter the high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular events. Future studies should consider comprehensive strategies, including patient education and health care professional engagement, in the management of T2DM.
Exploring Diseases/Traits and Blood Proteins Causally Related to Expression of ACE2, the Putative Receptor of SARS-CoV-2: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis Highlights Tentative Relevance of Diabetes-Related Traits
Authors: Rao Shitao , Lau Alexandria , So Hon-Cheong
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVE

COVID-19 has become a major public health problem. There is good evidence that ACE2 is a receptor for SARS-CoV-2, and high expression of ACE2 may increase susceptibility to infection. We aimed to explore risk factors affecting susceptibility to infection and prioritize drug repositioning candidates, based on Mendelian randomization (MR) studies on ACE2 lung expression.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We conducted a phenome-wide MR study to prioritize diseases/traits and blood proteins causally linked to ACE2 lung expression in GTEx. We also explored drug candidates whose targets overlapped with the top-ranked proteins in MR, as these drugs may alter ACE2 expression and may be clinically relevant.

RESULTS

The most consistent finding was tentative evidence of an association between diabetes-related traits and increased ACE2 expression. Based on one of the largest genome-wide association studies on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to date (N = 898,130), T2DM was causally linked to raised ACE2 expression (P = 2.91E−03; MR-IVW). Significant associations (at nominal level; P < 0.05) with ACE2 expression were observed across multiple diabetes data sets and analytic methods for T1DM, T2DM, and related traits including early start of insulin. Other diseases/traits having nominal significant associations with increased expression included inflammatory bowel disease, (estrogen receptor–positive) breast cancer, lung cancer, asthma, smoking, and elevated alanine aminotransferase. We also identified drugs that may target the top-ranked proteins in MR, such as fostamatinib and zinc.

CONCLUSIONS

Our analysis suggested that diabetes and related traits may increase ACE2 expression, which may influence susceptibility to infection (or more severe infection). However, none of these findings withstood rigorous multiple testing corrections (at false discovery rate <0.05). Proteome-wide MR analyses might help uncover mechanisms underlying ACE2 expression and guide drug repositioning. Further studies are required to verify our findings.
Outcomes in Patients With Hyperglycemia Affected by COVID-19: Can We Do More on Glycemic Control?
Authors: Sardu Celestino , D’Onofrio Nunzia , Balestrieri Maria Luisa , Barbieri Michelangela , Rizzo Maria Rosaria , Messina Vincenzo , Maggi Paolo , Coppola Nicola , Paolisso Giuseppe , Marfella Raffaele
Published: May 2020

OBJECTIVE

An important prognostic factor in any form of infection seems to be glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes. There is no information about the effects of tight glycemic control on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes in patients with hyperglycemia. Therefore, we examined the effects of optimal glycemic control in patients with hyperglycemia affected by COVID-19.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Fifty-nine patients with COVID-19 hospitalized with moderate disease were evaluated. On the basis of admission glycemia >7.77 mmol/L, patients were divided into hyperglycemic and normoglycemic groups. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and D-dimer levels were evaluated at admission and weekly during hospitalization. The composite end point was severe disease, admission to an intensive care unit, use of mechanical ventilation, or death.

RESULTS

Thirty-four (57.6%) patients were normoglycemic and 25 (42.4%) were hyperglycemic. In the hyperglycemic group, 7 (28%) and 18 (72%) patients were diagnosed with diabetes already before admission, and 10 (40%) and 15 (60%) were treated without and with insulin infusion, respectively. The mean of glycemia during hospitalization was 10.65 ± 0.84 mmol/L in the no insulin infusion group and 7.69 ± 1.85 mmol/L in the insulin infusion group. At baseline, IL-6 and D-dimer levels were significantly higher in the hyperglycemic group than in the normoglycemic group (P < 0.001). Even though all patients were on standard treatment for COVID-19 infection, IL-6 and D-dimer levels persisted higher in patients with hyperglycemia during hospitalization. In a risk-adjusted Cox regression analysis, both patients with hyperglycemia and patients with diabetes had a higher risk of severe disease than those without diabetes and with normoglycemia. Cox regression analysis evidenced that patients with hyperglycemia treated with insulin infusion had a lower risk of severe disease than patients without insulin infusion.

CONCLUSIONS

Insulin infusion may be an effective method for achieving glycemic targets and improving outcomes in patients with COVID-19.
Influence of the duration of elevated temperatures caused by laser micro welding on the thermal damage in printed circuit boards
Authors: Reinheimer Eveline N. , Wolf Ernst , Weber Rudolf , Graf Thomas
Published: May 2020

Aging, growth of whisker, and thermal damage are the major issues when soldering electronic components. The authors present investigations to determine the influence of process times on the threshold temperature leading to thermal damage in epoxy-based printed circuit boards (PCBs). Experimentally verified numerical modeling was used to determine the temperature distribution at the interface of copper and the epoxy resin. The results show that the threshold temperature significantly increases with decreasing process times. With interaction times shorter than 5 ms, the threshold temperatures are found to be 900 K higher than the ones specified for longer heating times according to the data sheet for PCBs with FR4 epoxy resin.
Novel local shielding approach for the laser welding based additive manufacturing of large structural space components from titanium
Authors: Kolsch N. , Seidel A. , Finaske T. , Brueckner F. , Gumpinger J. , Bavdaz M. , Rohr T. , Ghidini T. , Leyens C.
Published: May 2020

The Advanced Telescope for High-ENergy Astrophysics (ATHENA) will observe “the hot and energetic universe,” which was determined as one of the most urgent scientific topics for a major future space mission by The European Space Agency (ESA). One of its three main components is the optical bench, a monolithic titanium structure that accommodates 678 mirror modules and keeps them accurately aligned. The immense but slender structure in the range of 2.5–3 m diameter at a height of 300 mm proves a challenge to manufacturing. A hybrid robot cell is developed using additive buildup via laser welding, combined with high-performance machining and the state of the art process and metrology monitoring and control. The present work focuses on the shielding of the laser induced melt pool, a key concern when processing titanium. The sensitive metal with unusual low heat conductivity requires a large area of high purity atmosphere to prevent embrittlement. However, the large hybrid system prohibits the use of a sealed enclosure, and therefore, a local shielding system is developed for the challenging case of the ATHENA optical bench’s hollow-chamber design. Since the present thin wall design poses a worst-case scenario in terms of heat dissipation and shielding flow for the shielding system, its effectiveness here can be applied to most other geometries enabling the flexibility for lot size one. The key features of the novel approach are the prevention of turbulence while keeping operation economical despite the large shielding area. The first is achieved by means of an integrated honeycomb screen and the latter by employing a layered flow with a higher velocity outer curtain and an air deflecting coflow. This system was numerically optimized, tested, and effectiveness proven by means of visual inspection, microstructural analysis, and measurement of material properties.
Pengembangan dan Pelatihan Sistem Informasi Pemantau dan Pelaporan Perilaku Siswa MI-MTS Swasta Al-Huda Malang
Authors: Asfani Khoirudin , Sias Quota Alief , Wahyono Irawan Dwi
Published: May 2020

Aspek kognitif dan psikomotorik seringkali menjadi fokus utama yang ditingkatkan di banyak sekolah, sementara aspek afektif siswa yang berpengaruh terhadap sikap dan perilaku siswa sedikit kurang diperhatikan. Di MI Al Huda Malang, siswa tidak hanya dididik untuk menjadi individu yang berkarakter qurani melalui kegiatan ibadah dan muamalah, tetapi juga harus berjiwa pancasilais, serta tanggap dengan perubahan ilmu dan teknologi. Namun, sampai saat ini bentuk penyampaian kondisi sikap dan perilaku siswa masih dilakukan dengan cara konvensional, yaitu melalui surat dan pesan pribadi oleh guru/bagian konseling. Hal ini bisa menjadikan keterlambatan penyampaian dan kemungkinan tidak tersampaikan (surat hilang/ siswa lupa memberikan kepada orang tuanya) sangat besar. Salah satu penyebabnya karena belum terbentuk pemahaman dan keterampilan SDM tentang penggunaan sistem informasi tata tertib siswa ketika hendak diimplementasikan di sekolah MI-MTs Al Huda Malang. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pengembangan sebuah sistem informasi tata tertib siswa untuk memantau perilaku dan sikap siswa di sekolah, serta sosialisasi dan pelatihan cara pemanfaatan sistem informasi tersebut. Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sistem informasi, memberikan sosialisasi dan pelatihan kepada guru beserta tenaga pendidik tentang sistem informasi tata tertib siswa untuk memantau sikap dan perilaku siswa saat belajar di sekolah akan dilakukan. Tahapan-tahapan metode PKM yang digunakan adalah: 1) analisis kebutuhan dan situasi; 2) perencanaan dan pengembangan sistem informasi; 3) pengembangan buku pedoman penggunaan sistem informasi; 4) pengenalan dan pelatihan sistem informasi; dan 5) evaluasi hasil pelatihan. Kegiatan PKM ini menghasilkan sebuah sistem informasi yang dapat diakses secara online sebagai bentuk sarana informasi digital, serta peningkatan keahlian yang dimiliki oleh guru dan tenaga pendidik dalam mengelola dan mengembangkan sistem informasi di MI-MTs Al Huda, Kota Malang. Dengan demikian, diharapkan sikap dan perilaku siswa dapat terpantau dengan efektif dan efisien sehingga berdampak pada perbaikan dan perubahan perilaku siswa yang menjadi semakin lebih baik dan berakhlak.
Peningkatan Keterampilan Pengolahan Penganan Jagung “Pulut” Ibu-Ibu Petani Jagung di Kelurahan Manongkoki
Authors: Nasrullah Nasrullah , Novita Andi Dian , Yusmanizar Yusmanizar
Published: May 2020

Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah untuk mengatasi masalah mitra yang sedang berkembang di Manongkoki yaitu pemahaman tentang kewirausahaan, yang meliputi aspek produksi, manajemen bisnis, sistem pemasaran dan fasilitas infrastruktur yang tidak memadai. Ibu-Ibu Petani Jagung Manongkoki merupakan ibu-ibu yang memiliki lahan dan tanaman jagung yang luas dan banyak, dan aktivitas keseharian dihabiskan dirumah hanya sebagai Ibu Rumah Tangga. IbuIbu Petani Jagung Pulut dipilih sebagai mitra PKM mengingat Sumber Daya Alam berupa Jagung Pulut yang dimiliki melipah ruah namun belum mampu diolah menjadi suatu produk yang bernilai jual tinggi. Ketersediaan bahan baku, waktu dan tempat ini dipandang sudah sebagai modal besar, sehingga melalui kegiatan ini kebutuhan lainnya berupa alat produksi serta media pemasaran sebagai pelengkap akan disediakan oleh tim pengabdian masyarakat. Metode yang dilakukan adalah community development melalui kegiatan penyuluhan dan pendampingan pembuatan jagung pulut (jagung berlilin) menjadi penganan jagung pulut (jagung berlilin). Hasil yang diperoleh selama implementasi dari aspek produksi, kelompok bulosibatang memahami manfaat besar tanaman jagung pulut (jagung berlilin) melalui kegiatan penyuluhan yang dilakukan, mengetahui cara mengolah jagung pulut (jagung berlilin) yang dapat ditingkatkan nilainya. Mitra sudah memahami cara yang benar dari aspek manajemen bisnis keuangan dan pemasaran, publik menghasilkan penganan jagung pulut (jagung lilin) yang siap dipasarkan dengan sistem pengemasan yang dapat menarik konsumen. Fasilitas pendukung untuk kegiatan juga diberikan kepada mitra.