bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Asymmetric Impact of Financial Intermediary Development in Low- and High-Income Countries
Authors: Yang Chi-Chun , Chang Ya-Kai
Published: July 2020

This study uses the quantile regression method developed by Koenker and Bassett (1978) to examine the asymmetric effect of financial intermediary development on economic growth in low- and high-income countries. A three-sector neoclassical growth model composed of a representative family sector, production sector, and the financial intermediary sector is constructed, and the equilibrium solutions determine the variables employed in the empirical model. The empirical results reveal an asymmetric relationship between financial intermediary development and economic growth. Financial intermediary development is the main driving force of economic growth for high-income countries only, not for low-income countries. Overall, this study suggests that countries should not develop financial intermediaries indiscriminately in the pursuit of economic expansion, especially for low-income countries. Our empirical findings have important policy implications for regulators who are especially concerned about countries’ sustainable economic growth.
Collaboration and Resource Sharing in the Multidepot Multiperiod Vehicle Routing Problem with Pickups and Deliveries
Authors: Wang Yong , Li Qin , Guan Xiangyang , Fan Jianxin , Liu Yong , Wang Haizhong
Published: July 2020

In this work, a multidepot multiperiod vehicle routing problem with pickups and deliveries (MDPVRPPD) is solved by optimizing logistics networks with collaboration and resource sharing among logistics service providers. The optimal solution can satisfy customer demands with periodic time characteristics and incorporate pickup and delivery services with maximum resource utilization. A collaborative mechanism is developed to rearrange both the open and closed vehicle routes among multiple pickup and delivery centers with improved transportation efficiency and reduced operational costs. The effects of resource sharing strategies combining customer information sharing, facility service sharing, and vehicle sharing are investigated across multiple service periods to maximize resource utilization and refine the resource configuration. A multiobjective optimization model is developed to formulate the MDPVRPPD so that the minimum total operational costs, waiting time, and the number of vehicles are obtained. A hybrid heuristic algorithm incorporating a 3D clustering and an improved multiobjective particle swarm optimization (IMOPSO) algorithm is introduced to solve the MDPVRPPD and find Pareto optimal solutions. The proposed hybrid heuristic algorithm is based on a selective exchange mechanism that enhances local and global searching capabilities. Results demonstrate that the proposed IMOPSO outperforms other existing algorithms. We also study profit allocation issues to quantify the stability and sustainability of long-term collaboration among logistics participants, using the minimum costs remaining savings method. The proposed model and solution methods are validated by conducting an empirical study of a real system in Chongqing City, China. This study contributes to the development of efficient urban logistics distribution systems, and facilitates the expansion of intelligent and sustainable supply chains.
Spatial Compatibility of Implementing Nature-Based Solutions for Reducing Urban Heat Islands and Stormwater Pollution
Authors: Simperler Lena , Ertl Thomas , Matzinger Andreas
Published: July 2020

Cities worldwide are facing several challenges connected to urbanization and climate change. Several cities have identified the implementation of nature-based solutions (NBS) as an option to mitigate several challenges at once. However, can two different aims be reached with NBS in the same location? This question has not yet been addressed. This paper discusses the spatial compatibility of NBS implementation strategies to tackle (1) urban heat island (UHI) effects and (2) water pollution at the same location. The evaluation is based on a spatial analysis of Berlin. We found a positive correlation of high UHI and median high stormwater pollution loads for zinc, total suspended solids, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Terbutryn. Out of more than 14,000 building/street sections analyzed, 2270 showed spatial matching of high UHI and high stormwater pollution loads. In the majority of building/street sections, stormwater pollution was high for three out of the four parameters. We conclude that the compatibility of NBS implementation for both challenges depends both on the implementation strategies for NBS and on the specific NBS measures. Our spatial analysis can be used for further planning processes for NBS implementation.
Sustainability Outcomes of Green Processes in Relation to Industry 4.0 in Manufacturing: Systematic Review
Authors: Vrchota Jaroslav , Pech Martin , Rolínek Ladislav , Bednář Jiří
Published: July 2020

Green processes are very important for the implementation of green technologies in production to achieve positive sustainability outcomes in the Industry 4.0 era. The scope of the paper is to review how conventional green processes as a part of Industry 4.0 provide sustainability outcomes in manufacturing. The paper is based on the methodology of systematic literature review through the content analysis of literary resources. Twenty-nine studies were included in our content analysis. The results show the main focus of current literature related to Industry 4.0, sustainability outcomes and green processes. The authors present a conceptual Sustainability Green Industry 4.0 (SGI 4.0) framework that helps to structure and evaluate conventional green processes in relation to Industry 4.0 and sustainability. The study summarizes which technologies (big data, cyber-physical systems, Industrial Internet of Things and smart systems) and green processes (logistics, manufacturing and product design) are important for achieving a higher level of sustainability. The authors found that the most often common sustainability outcomes are energy saving, emission reduction, resource optimalization, cost reduction, productivity and efficiency and higher economic performance, human resources development, social welfare and workplace safety. The study suggests implications for practice, knowledge and future research.
Long-Term-Based Road Blackspot Screening Procedures by Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Fiorentini Nicholas , Losa Massimo
Published: July 2020

Screening procedures in road blackspot detection are essential tools for road authorities for quickly gathering insights on the safety level of each road site they manage. This paper suggests a road blackspot screening procedure for two-lane rural roads, relying on five different machine learning algorithms (MLAs) and real long-term traffic data. The network analyzed is the one managed by the Tuscany Region Road Administration, mainly composed of two-lane rural roads. An amount of 995 road sites, where at least one accident occurred in 2012–2016, have been labeled as “Accident Case”. Accordingly, an equal number of sites where no accident occurred in the same period, have been randomly selected and labeled as “Non-Accident Case”. Five different MLAs, namely Logistic Regression, Classification and Regression Tree, Random Forest, K-Nearest Neighbor, and Naïve Bayes, have been trained and validated. The output response of the MLAs, i.e., crash occurrence susceptibility, is a binary categorical variable. Therefore, such algorithms aim to classify a road site as likely safe (“Accident Case”) or potentially susceptible to an accident occurrence (“Non-Accident Case”) over five years. Finally, algorithms have been compared by a set of performance metrics, including precision, recall, F1-score, overall accuracy, confusion matrix, and the Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic. Outcomes show that the Random Forest outperforms the other MLAs with an overall accuracy of 73.53%. Furthermore, all the MLAs do not show overfitting issues. Road authorities could consider MLAs to draw up a priority list of on-site inspections and maintenance interventions.
Identification of Key Performance Indicators in Project-Based Organisations through the Lean Approach
Authors: Cruz Villazón Carolina , Sastoque Pinilla Leonardo , Otegi Olaso José Ramón , Toledo Gandarias Nerea , López de Lacalle Norberto
Published: July 2020

For the time being, companies and organisations are being forced to compete in utterly complex and globalised environments, facing massive natural, economic, and technological challenges on a daily basis. Addressing these challenges would be impossible without a proper approach that helps them identify, measure, understand, and control the performance of their organisations. Lean principles and techniques rise as a solution. This paper justifies and proposes the use of lean principles and techniques to identify key performance indicators (KPIs) in project-based organisations based on their organisational and operational needs. The research focuses mainly on the identification and categorisation of KPIs through a qualitative approach, based on systematic literature review (SLR) of performance indicators, project management, and project success. As a case study, an analysis of relevant information of an R&D and innovation project-based organisation, such as quality manuals, a benchmarking process, internal studies, and surveys regarding what success means for different kinds of stakeholders and for the organisation itself was conducted. As a result, this research is of a high value for project-based organisations, especially those that are not apprised of how to correctly formulate a series of KPIs, or whose path to it is still not clear.
Automobilities after SARS-CoV-2: A Socio-Technical Perspective
Authors: Wang Liqiao , Wells Peter
Published: July 2020

This paper presents an analysis, informed by socio-technical transitions theory and the socially derived concept of automobility, of the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and resulting COVID-19 pandemic on automobility in Europe. The paper argues that the concept of a pervasive, sudden, and powerful crisis has not previously be explored in the socio-technical transitions literature. The strong behavioural changes in physical and virtual mobility associated with the pandemic are argued to be particularly significant, representing a ‘living lab’ in which to explore the possibilities for disintegrating the boundaries of the automobility system, thereby breaking the enduring structures and practices that have enabled automobility to remain largely unchallenged in the policy arena. Change processes previously underway in the automotive industry and in automobility are not impacted equally by the pandemic. We present initial evidence that mobility sharing will reduce, while the acceptance of electric cars will increase. However, it is also concluded that the hegemony of private automobility is not in itself threatened by pandemic outcomes.
The Theory of Reasoned Action Applied to Green Smartphones: Moderating Effect of Government Subsidies
Authors: Liu Hsiang Te , Tsaur Ruey-Chyn
Published: July 2020

Smartphones have become indispensable for human beings today. However, with mobile phone manufacturers updating existing models or launching new models every year, consumers tend to keep replacing their phones with the latest versions, resulting in an excessive waste of resources. These days, most governments worldwide emphasize energy conservation and carbon reduction. If pre-owned smartphones are refurbished or repaired, the excessive waste of resources can be reduced. Such recycling can positively enhance corporate image, while ensuring that consumer needs are met. Thus, to explore consumers’ willingness to purchase such “green” smartphones, this study uses the theory of reasoned action (TRA) to explore consumers’ purchase intentions and understand how brand equity, green marketing, as well as consumer’s green awareness and attitude influence this intention. This research also investigates the role of government subsidies as a moderator affecting consumers’ willingness to purchase green smartphones. The results indicate that, in general, consumers are willing to purchase green smartphones, the direct effect of brand equity on purchase intention is significant, and government subsidies have significant moderating effects. Therefore, it is recommended that the government cooperate with enterprises. The cooperation can be aimed at promoting green products as well as subsidizing consumers, to increase their willingness to purchase green smartphones.
Use of Calcite Mud from Paper Factories in Phosphorus Treatment
Authors: Vu Hong Ha Thi , Khan Mohd Danish , Tran Van Tan , Quang Dang Viet , Dao Van-Duong , Lee Seongho , Ahn Ji Whan , Jung Seok-ho
Published: July 2020

To use calcite mud waste generated from the paper production process, calcite mud was treated by calcination and then applied as a sorbent agent to remove phosphorus from an aqueous solution. The pre-treatment muds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The effects of calcite mud with different calcination temperatures on phosphorus removal were investigated. Different sorbent dosages, contact times, and initial phosphorus concentration conditions were also studied to understand the phosphorus removal mechanism. The results show that phosphorus removal efficiency was increased by increasing the calcination temperature of the mud. The phosphorus removal efficiency over 10 min increased by 35%, 82%, 98%, and 100% with 4.5, 6.75, 9.0, and 11.25 mg, respectively, of calcite mud calcined at 1000 °C. However, the efficiency decreased as initial phosphorus concentration increased. To study the phosphorus removal trend, the pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, and intraparticle diffusion kinetic models were used. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were also used to further investigate the phosphorus adsorption mechanism characteristics of the calcite mud.
Impact of Implementing a Deodorization System on the Functioning of a Waste Management Plant
Authors: Szałata Łukasz
Published: July 2020

This article is an analysis of the impact of implementing technical and technological solutions in the form of a deodorization system, which was carried out on the basis of a case study in the years 2015 and 2019 of an existing waste management plant named located in the region of Lower Silesia. The method for determining the impact was based on an analytical method for estimating changes in plant operation parameters in relation to the emission of odor compounds, determined at selected reference points, during a period of normal operation before and directly after the implementation of the deodorization system. The purpose of this work is the evaluation of the impact of the deodorization system on the parameters determining the functioning of the plant—a mechanical-biological waste treatment facility in order to determine sustainability factors and their relative changes.
The Dual Function of the Fungal Toxin Candidalysin during Candida albicans—Macrophage Interaction and Virulence
Authors: König Annika , Hube Bernhard , Kasper Lydia
Published: July 2020

The dimorphic fungus Candida albicans is both a harmless commensal organism on mucosal surfaces and an opportunistic pathogen. Under certain predisposing conditions, the fungus can overgrow the mucosal microbiome and cause both superficial and life-threatening systemic infections after gaining access to the bloodstream. As the first line of defense of the innate immune response, infecting C. albicans cells face macrophages, which mediate the clearance of invading fungi by intracellular killing. However, the fungus has evolved sophisticated strategies to counteract macrophage antimicrobial activities and thus evade immune surveillance. The cytolytic peptide toxin, candidalysin, contributes to this fungal defense machinery by damaging immune cell membranes, providing an escape route from the hostile phagosome environment. Nevertheless, candidalysin also induces NLRP3 inflammasome activation, leading to an increased host-protective pro-inflammatory response in mononuclear phagocytes. Therefore, candidalysin facilitates immune evasion by acting as a classical virulence factor but also contributes to an antifungal immune response, serving as an avirulence factor. In this review, we discuss the role of candidalysin during C. albicans infections, focusing on its implications during C. albicans-macrophage interactions.
Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Resistance Phenotype of Helicobacter pylori Clinical Isolates
Authors: Fauzia Kartika Afrida , Miftahussurur Muhammad , Syam Ari Fahrial , Waskito Langgeng Agung , Doohan Dalla , Rezkitha Yudith Annisa Ayu , Matsumoto Takashi , Tuan Vo Phuoc , Akada Junko , Yonezawa Hideo , Kamiya Shigeru , Yamaoka Yoshio
Published: July 2020

We evaluated biofilm formation of clinical Helicobacter pylori isolates from Indonesia and its relation to antibiotic resistance. We determined the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of amoxicillin, clarithromycin, levofloxacin, metronidazole and tetracycline by the Etest to measure the planktonic susceptibility of 101 H. pylori strains. Biofilms were quantified by the crystal violet method. The minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) was obtained by measuring the survival of bacteria in a biofilm after exposure to antibiotics. The majority of the strains formed a biofilm (93.1% (94/101)), including weak (75.5%) and strong (24.5%) biofilm-formers. Planktonic resistant and sensitive strains produced relatively equal amounts of biofilms. The resistance proportion, shown by the MBEC measurement, was higher in the strong biofilm group for all antibiotics compared to the weak biofilm group, especially for clarithromycin (p = 0.002). Several cases showed sensitivity by the MIC measurement, but resistance according to the MBEC measurements (amoxicillin, 47.6%; tetracycline, 57.1%; clarithromycin, 19.0%; levofloxacin, 38.1%; and metronidazole 38.1%). Thus, biofilm formation may increase the survival of H. pylori and its resistance to antibiotics. Biofilm-related antibiotic resistance should be evaluated with antibiotic susceptibility.
The Fundamental Roles of the de Sitter Vacuum
Authors: Dymnikova Irina
Published: July 2020

We overview the fundamental roles of the de Sitter vacuum in cosmology where it is responsible for powering the early inflationary stage(s) and the present accelerated expansion, in black hole physics where it provides the existence of a wide class of regular black holes and self-gravitating solitons replacing naked singularities, and in particle physics where it ensures the intrinsic relation of the Higgs mechanism with gravity and spacetime symmetry breaking.
Alterations in the Human Plasma Lipidome in Response to Tularemia Vaccination
Authors: Maner-Smith Kristal M. , Goll Johannes B. , Khadka Manoj , Jensen Travis L. , Colucci Jennifer K. , Gelber Casey E. , Albert Carolyn J. , Bosinger Steven E. , Franke Jacob D. , Natrajan Muktha , Rouphael Nadine , Johnson Robert A. , Sanz Patrick , Anderson Evan J. , Hoft Daniel F. , Mulligan Mark J. , Ford David A. , Ortlund Eric A.
Published: July 2020

Tularemia is a highly infectious and contagious disease caused by the bacterium Francisella tularensis. To better understand human response to a live-attenuated tularemia vaccine and the biological pathways altered post-vaccination, healthy adults were vaccinated, and plasma was collected pre- and post-vaccination for longitudinal lipidomics studies. Using tandem mass spectrometry, we fully characterized individual lipid species within predominant lipid classes to identify changes in the plasma lipidome during the vaccine response. Separately, we targeted oxylipins, a subset of lipid mediators involved in inflammatory pathways. We identified 14 differentially abundant lipid species from eight lipid classes. These included 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE) which is indicative of lipoxygenase activity and, subsequently, inflammation. Results suggest that 5-HETE was metabolized to a dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (DHET) by day 7 post-vaccination, shedding light on the kinetics of the 5-HETE-mediated inflammatory response. In addition to 5-HETE and DHET, we observed pronounced changes in 34:1 phosphatidylinositol, anandamide, oleamide, ceramides, 16:1 cholesteryl ester, and other glycerophospholipids; several of these changes in abundance were correlated with serum cytokines and T cell activation. These data provide new insights into alterations in plasma lipidome post-tularemia vaccination, potentially identifying key mediators and pathways involved in vaccine response and efficacy.
Modelling of Surface Runoff on the Yamal Peninsula, Russia, Using ERA5 Reanalysis
Authors: Matveeva Tatiana , Sidorchuk Aleksey
Published: July 2020

The Yamal peninsula is a territory of active industrial development as it contains several rich fields of natural condensed gas and oil. The density of the gullies net on the Yamal peninsula is one of the highest in the Russian Arctic. The natural environment or constructions can be potentially damaged by gully erosion and the cost of such damage is high. The models of gully erosion require surface runoff estimates. The hydrological model was developed for surface runoff estimation during the spring snow thaw and summer rains. In the conditions of Arctic climate with deep permafrost, the losses in runoff are limited to evaporation, as soil permeability is negligible. The model was calibrated on the available measurements. The meteorological base for hydrological calculations was ERA5 reanalysis, the fifth generation of European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) atmospheric reanalyses, validated on the meteorological data. The deviations of reanalysis data from the measurements cause the errors in the results of surface runoff calculation. The daily surface runoff can vary in the range of 18–30% due to ERA5 errors in air temperature and snow cover depth. As the daily surface runoff is the main input to the models of gully erosion, these errors must be taken into account in the modelling of gully erosion on the Yamal peninsula.
Understanding Water Flows and Air Venting Features of Spillway—A Case Study
Authors: Yang James , Teng Penghua , Xie Qiancheng , Li Shicheng
Published: July 2020

For safe spillway discharge of floods, attention is paid to the water flow. The resulting air flow inside the facility, an issue of personnel security, is sometimes disregarded. The spillway in question comprises two surface gates and two bottom outlet gates lying right below. Air passages to the outlet gates include an original gallery and a recently constructed vertical shaft. To understand water-air flow behavior, 3D CFD modelling is performed in combination with the physical model tests. The simulations are made with fully opened radial gates and at the full pool water level (FPWL). The results show that the operation of only the bottom outlets leads to an air supply amounting to ~57 m3/s, with the air flow rates 35 and 22 m3/s to the left and right outlets. The air supply to the right outlet comes from both the shaft and the gallery. The averaged air velocity in the shaft and the gallery are approximately 5 and 7 m/s. If only the surface gates are fully open, the water jet impinges upon the canal bottom, which encloses the air space leading to the bottom outlets; the air flow rate fluctuates about zero. If all the four gates are open, the total air demand is limited to ~10 m3/s, which is mainly attributable to the shear action of the meeting jets downstream. The air demand differs significantly among the flow cases. It is not the simultaneous discharge of all openings that results in the largest air demand. The flood release from only the two outlets is the most critical situation for the operation of the facility. The findings should provide reference for spillways with the same or similar layout.
Simulation of Seawater Intrusion Area Using Feedforward Neural Network in Longkou, China
Authors: Li Daiyuan , Wu Yongxiang , Gao Erkun , Wang Gaoxu , Xu Yi , Zhong Huaping , Wu Wei
Published: July 2020

Reliable simulation of seawater intrusion (SI) is necessary for sustainable groundwater utilization. As a powerful tool, feedforward neural network (FNN) was applied to study seawater intrusion area (SIA) fluctuations in Longkou, China. In the present study, changes of groundwater level (GWL) were modeled by FNN Model 1. Then, FNN Model 2 was developed for fitting the relationship between GWL and SIA. Finally, two models were integrated to simulate SIA changes in response to climatic and artificial factors. The sensitivity analysis of each impact factor was conducted by the “stepwise” method to quantify the relative importance for SIA and GWL. The results from the integrated model indicated that this method could accurately reproduce SIA fluctuations when the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient was 0.964, the root mean square error was 1.052 km2, the correlation coefficient was 0.983, and the mean absolute error was 0.782 km2. The results of sensitivity analysis prove that precipitation and groundwater pumping for agriculture mainly affect fluctuations of SIA in the study area. It can be concluded that FNN is effectively used for modeling SI fluctuations together with GWL, which can provide enough support for the sustainable management of groundwater resources with consideration of crucial impact factors of seawater intrusion (SI).
PEAK HOUR FACTOR AT URBAN ROAD NETWORK SYSTEM WITH FIXED HOURLY INTERVAL AND MOVING HOURLY INTERVAL (A CASE STUDY AT URBAN ROAD IN CIMAHI CITY)
Authors: Hendrawan Hendra
Published: July 2020

The Peak Hour Factor (PHF) is an important variable for determining road capacity. The value of PHF will vary greatly depending on location characteristics and classification of road functions. This study aims to obtain the estimated value of PHF in the urban road network system with variations in the classification of functions and types of roads. In addition this study also aims to obtain a method of approaching the PHF value near to fluctuations in traffic flow which has limited resources for surveys based on the duration specified in the traffic survey guidelines in Indonesia. The method used is descriptive statistical analysis and parametric test using Independent T sample test. The PHF is calculated based on Fixed Hourly Interval and Moving Hourly Interval and their inverse. The results of the study show the value of PHF in the road network system in urban areas for variations function and type of road that is in the range of 0.79 to 0.98 with an average of 0.91. Other findings show that the inverse method of Moving Hourly Interval can be used as an approach to obtain the PHF value under conditions of resource constraints
Researching the Welfare Impact of Populist Radical Right Parties Comment on "A Scoping Review of Populist Radical Right Parties’ Influence on Welfare Policy and its Implications for Population Health in Europe"
Authors: Moise Alexandru D.
Published: July 2020

Populist radical right (PRR) parties can impact population health through multiple mechanisms, including welfare chauvinistic policies, influencing mainstream parties, and eroding democratic norms. Rinaldi and Bekker survey the literature in order to motivate a wider research agenda. They highlight results from existing studies which show the importance of looking into the impact of PRR parties on welfare policy. This commentary considers some of the areas of research highlighted by the original article, as well as other possibilities for further research. The most important of these is to expand the sample of cases to Central and Eastern Europe, Latin America, and South East Asia.
A report on the experience of using ultrasound by emergency medical technicians in dealing with trauma patients in pre-hospital setting: a pilot study
Authors: Kolivand Pir-Hossein , Saberian Peyman , Sadeghi Mostafa , Modabber Maryam , Hasani-Sharamin Parisa
Published: July 2020

Objective: The current study was performed to provide real-time bedside ultrasonography for emergency medical technicians (EMTs) and assess the advantages and disadvantages of its application in dealing with trauma patients in pre-hospital setting from their viewpoints. Methods: This semi-experimental study was conducted in Tehran, Iran. Twenty EMTs were selected purposefully and underwent a training program. Thereafter, they were asked to perform extended focused assessment with sonography in trauma (eFAST) using a handheld ultrasound device on trauma patients, and also filled a questionnaire prepared (in four components including C1: coherence, C2: cognitive participation, C3: collective action, and C4: reflexive monitoring) based on the normalization process theory (NPT). Results: All 20 participants were men and their average age was 37.8 years (SD = 4.7). For C1, the median total score was 10.5 out of a score of 4-20; For C2, the median score was 6 out of 3-15; For C3, the median total score was 18 out of a score of 6-30; and for C4, the median total score was 11 out of a score of 5-25. Conclusion: Overall, it seems that EMTs welcomed using ultrasonography in dealing with trauma patients in pre-hospital setting. Although they thought that it might somewhat lead to an increase in their workload; but they believed that sufficient training was not provided for them yet. The EMTs were uncertain about the viewpoints of the patients and did not know how it could affect patients’ outcome.
INFLUENCE OF THE CONTAINER COLOR ON THE GROWTH OF THUJA OCCIDENTALIS 'SMARAGD' PLANTING MATERIAL
Authors: Treschevskaya Ella , Tseplyaev Aleksey
Published: July 2020

The article presents the results of a three-year study of the growth of thuja seedlings in plastic pots of three colors. Differences were found between heating the surface of multi-colored containers and the substrate. The color of the containers affects plant growth in the middle of the vegetative period, when air temperature and insolation level reach maximum values. The plants grown in green pots showed maximum growth indicators. However, during the statistical processing of the data obtained significant differences have not been found. Analysis of variance in the first year of cultivation revealed the presence of a factor — the color of the container impact on the thuja growth in diameter at 22% of the total set of influencing factors. This effect was leveled later. Correlation analysis has showed high relationship between the surface temperature of the pot and substrate with the north (r = 0.95-0.98), the south (r = 0.84-0.99), the west (r = 0.96-0.99) sides, and the average with the east side (r = 0.29-0.81). No differences in container colors were found. Analysis of the activity of salts in the substrate of containers shows thatthe substrate has a different content of macro- and microelements in containers of three colors after the first year of cultivation. Apparently, high temperature in the black container leads to an increase in the rate of chemical reactions, as well as a more intensive leaching of the main nutrients from the substrate. The influence of the “container color” factor on the content of available macro- and micronutrients after the first year is 37.5% of the total population. By the end of the experiment, the strength of this factor did not exceed 5%.
CONCEPT OF RECREATIONAL ZONES CREATION IN RIVERFRONT TERRITORIES
Authors: Kartashova Nelli , Serikov Mikhail , Kulakova Ekaterina , Astrelina Yuliya
Published: July 2020

Against the backdrop of the constant city growth, the needs of the population for recreation are increasing. It has led to the intensive recreational use of natural landscapes. An increasing number of people are striving to meet the need for recreation outside the city limits. One of such objects for recreation is riverfront territories (coastal zones), most of which do not meet the requirements for their condition and improvement. In addition, such zones are more exposed to technogenic impact. It contributes to an increase in the degree of recreational digression of the environment and degradation of natural complexes. There is a need to regulate the forms and methods of using natural resources. It enables to develop a system for the environmentally friendly development of them, create favorable conditions for recreation, improve, maintain, and effectively use the recreational potential of the natural complex. The object of the study was the rivefront territories of the Voronezh River in the village of Dobroe, Dobrovsky district, Lipetsk region. Maximum permissible recreational loads have been calculated, the landscape indicators of the coastal territories have been analyzed with their functional recreational zoning performed to ensure the environmentally friendly use of the territory of the object of study. It is necessary to identify the principles of the structure of their recreational spaces and planning decisions in order to intensify the use of coastal territories. As a result of the research, it is planned to analyze a number of factors that influence the organization of recreational functional zones in the structure of the riverfront territories of the village of Dobroe. It enables to identify problems and the main directions for transforming the territory and revealing its potential. An assortment of plants for landscaping riverfront areas is recommended taking into account their resistance to these conditions and anthropogenic stress
RESEARCH OF THE PROCESS OF BIRCH WOOD IMPREGNATION WITH THE USED VEGETABLE OIL
Authors: Dmitrenkov Aleksandr , Vostrikov Alexander , Nikulina Nadezhda , Borovskoy Aleksandr , Nedzel'skaya Ekaterina
Published: July 2020

Wood is widely used in various industries. However, the inherent ability of natural wood to absorb water and other disadvantages require its modification with various compositions. In the work, the technology of impregnation of birch wood with processed vegetable oil, which remains after cooking, has been studied. Impregnated composition was introduced into pre-prepared wood using the “hot-cold baths” method and subsequent heat treatment of wood impregnated with used sunflower oil. The influence of the main quantitative parameters of the impregnation process on the performance of wood specimens have been made using the design of the experiment according to the Greek-Latin square pattern of the fourth order. The influence of the temperature of the impregnating oil, the time of impregnation, temperature and the duration of the heat treatment on the properties of modified wood has been studied. The properties of birch wood has been evaluated by its water absorption, as well as swelling of specimens in the radial and tangential directions. The regression equations have been obtained. They describe the influence of the main parameters of the impregnatio process with processed sunflower oil on the properties of modified wood. The best conditions for introducing processed sunflower oil into wood have been established. The proposed impregnating composition improves decorative properties of wood. It is odorless and environmentally friendly. It has been shown that treating birch wood with processed vegetable oil makes it possible to obtain modified wood with increased resistance to water
RATIONAL USE OF FUMED AND NATURAL OAK WOOD
Authors: Kuryanova Tatyana , Tarasov Anatoliy , Platonov Aleksey , Snegireva Svetlana
Published: July 2020

Fumed oak wood is valuable and one of the most environmentally friendly natural materials. As a result of a long stay of wood in flowing river water and in contact with bottom soil without air access, an individual process of staining of each trunk occurs. It consists in changing the chemical composition of the wood. The wood acquires increased strength and a beautiful color scheme. It is established that the degree of coloring of fumed oak wood depends on the amount of iron oxides in it (Fe2O3). There are industrial stocks of this wood in the Russian Federation. Drying process is one of the key technological operations. The most common methods of fumed oak wood drying are convective-atmospheric and convective-thermal ones. They have long duration, and the number of defects in warping and cracking reaches 30-40%. In this work, the drying of fumed oak wood by various methods has been investigated. It has been established that shrinkage of fumed oak wood is 1.5-2.0 times more than of natural oak woo. Preliminary thermochemical treatment enables to reduce the volumetric shrinkage of wood by 25%. An analysis of the color change of fumed oak wood depending on the conditions of wood staining in the river Voronezh has been made. Determination of the shrinkage quality and size is necessary to justify the allowances for obtaining sizes of lumber when cutting round wood. The studies performed will allow the rational and efficient use of valuable and unique oak wood
HEATING CAPABILITY OF POSTPYROGEN PINE WOOD
Authors: Tyukavina Ol'ga , Gudina Aleksandra
Published: July 2020

The forests of the North are characterized by frequent exposure to ground fires. The study of wood qualities at the burnt areas for its rational use is relevant. The aim of the study was to study the calorific value of Scots pine after a ground fire. The studies were conducted in the Permilovsk, Unsk and Obozersk forest districts of the Arkhangelsk region from 2016-2018. The fire duration in the studied areas was 3-8 years. The calorific value of pine wood in an absolutely dry state was determined using an ABK-1V automated bomb calorimeter. The calorific value of pine wood of post-pyrogenic stands averages from 21,389 J/g to 22,452 J/g. In post-pyrogenic stands, the calorific value of pine soundwood is significantly higher (1331 J/g) compared to sapwood. In pine trees that have dried up after a ground fire and in viable trees that are susceptible to 1-2 stages of decay, the calorific value of wood is at the level of healthy trees. It is 21,182 — 22,590 J/g and 21,521 — 22,394 J/g, respectively. However, sapwood for this category of trees has lower values of 19,648 — 19,873 J/g. The average calorific value of pine wood in plantations not damaged by fires is lower by 658 — 1,721 J/g in comparison with post-pyrogenic ones. For the first time, data on the calorific value of post-pyrogenic wood of trees of different status categories were obtained for the north of the Arkhangelsk region. The calorific value of post-pyrogenic pine wood of different categories of state is characterized by increased values. It allows it to be used as raw material for biofuel.
PROSPECTS FOR FOREST RECULTIVATION OF TECHNOGENIC LANDSCAPES USING BALSAM POPLAR (POPULUS BALSAMIFERA L.)
Authors: Treschevskaya Ella , Golyadkina Inna , Treschevskaya Svetlana , Knyazev Vladislav , Kushnir Elizaveta
Published: July 2020

In all regions of our country and abroad, where the extraction of minerals is carried out in an open way, technogenic landscapes arise. They cause great harm to the environment. One of the cheapest areas of restoration of disturbed landscapes is forest reclamation. To improve the forest-growing conditions of overburden rocks on the dumps form technozems. A two-component technozem was formed on the Beryozovy log sand of the Kursk Magnetic Anomaly on the sand-chalky dump after land surveying. At the initial stage of reclamation, balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera L.) was recommended among several dozen of tree and shrub species to restore disturbed lands as a fast-growing tree species. In the first eight years, poplar showed fairly good preservation - 89.4-80.0%. It is known that it is necessary to create highly productive phytocenoses for the successful restoration of disturbed lands. The amount of organic matter synthesized by balsamic poplar is 2 times less compared to such soil-improving species as Robinia Pseudoacacia L. and Hippophae rhamnoides L. In addition, balsam poplar is characterized by a small phytomass of leaves - 3.5 c/ha at the age of 9, which is more than 5 times less than in the previously studied soil-improving species. In this regard, the reclamation role of leaves in poplar stands can be considered insignificant. The content of chemical elements in leaves and small roots of poplar, which have a direct effect on the accumulation of substances in substrates, is 1.5-1.3 times less than that of robinia and sea buckthorn. Balsam poplar (in the conditions of disturbed lands) does not form long-term stable stands. By the age of 35, its safety is 15.4%, and by the age of 42 years - 11.0%. Based on the study of balsam poplar plantings under the age of 42 years, this species cannot be recommended for forest reclamation of dumps in technogenic landscapes
RESOURCES OF WOODY PLANTS IN MYRTILLUS-TYPE BIRCH FOREST
Authors: Than' Chung , Gryaz'kin Anatoliy , Syrnikov Ilya , VU Van
Published: July 2020

The purpose of the work is the assessment of actual resources in myrtillus-type birch forest. The relevance of the research topic follows from the demand for natural resources deposited in the forest fund. Here, almost all the diversity of available resources is self-renewing without human intervention, most of which can be harvested annually. The results of material and monetary assessment of the main types of resources of a particular forest plot are presented using the example of myrtillus-type birch forest. Composition of the stand is: 65B21E8Al3Ols2Elm1Mp; relative density is 0.6; bonitet class — II; total stock of the stand – 344 m3/ha. The reserves of resources available on the forest plot were taken into account on the trial plot 100×50 m. Prices for all types of resources have been used as of 2019. It is shown that the cost of wood in the forest area is about 16% (200840 rubles/ha) of the total cost of all recorded types of resources. In the total volume, wood predominates - more than 36%. The share of industrial wood is slightly less - 34%. The total income from the sale of accounted species of wood resources in myrtillus-type birch forest with clear-cutting may amount to 1.1 million rubles/ha. Revenues from the sale of all types of resources without cutting stands make up more than 391 thousand rubles/ha. If you take into account other types of resources available in this birch forest (medicinal and honey plants, mushrooms and berries), then this amount will increase markedly.
PERANGKINGAN DAN PERAMALAN PENJUALAN PERUMAHAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE SAW DAN DOUBLE EXPONENTIAL SMOOTHING
Authors: Budiharjo Sidiq Eko , Hadikurniawati Wiwien
Published: July 2020

Kemudahan proses pembelian rumah menyebabkan peningkatan permintaan akan produksi rumah. Citragrand merupakan satu dari banyak perusahaan  real estate di Semarang, Jawa Tengah. Penjualan yang tidak menentu setiap bulannya, membuat perusahaan kesulitan dalam menentukan target penjualan pada awal tahun dan juga dalam menentukan top product di tahun tersebut. Dengan masalah tersebut, perusahaan membutuhkan solusi yang dapat meramalkan penjualan di tahun mendatang, serta menentukan tipe rumah apa yang bisa menjadi top product hingga penjualan paling sedikit, sehingga dapat memperbaiki kualitas rumah dan menguntungkan perusahaan. Peramalan penjualan atau forecasting adalah metode analisa perhitungan dengan hasil perkiraan peristiwa di masa depan yang membutuhkan data masa lalu sebagai referensi dan memakai pendekatan kualitatif ataupun kuantitatif. Forecasting yang digunakan dalam hal ini menggunakan metode Double Exponential Smoothing. Selain di ramalkan penjualannya, juga dilakukan proses perangkingan produk perumahan terbaik yang dihitung menggunakan metode simple additive weighting (SAW). Dengan menggabungkan forecasting dan perangkingan produk, diharapkan mampu mengatasi salah satu masalah penjualan yang dialami oleh perusahaan Citragrand Semarang. Kedua metode ini dibuat dengan berbasis website yang dibangun dengan bahasa permrogaman PHP dan framework Codeigniter sebagai server program. Hasil dari sistem ini yaitu Sistem Pendukung keputusan dan peramalan dengan tujuan mendapatkan hasil top product dan peramalan penjualan untuk tahun berikutnya.
RANCANG BANGUN NEW NORMAL COVID-19 MASKER DETEKTOR DENGAN NOTIFIKASI TELEGRAM BERBASIS INTERNET OF THINGS
Authors: Lambacing Musakkarul Mu'minim , Ferdiansyah Ferdiansyah
Published: July 2020

Dimasa pandemi COVID-19 saat ini diberlakukanlah peraturan di mana setiap orang wajib menggunakan masker dan melakukan physical distancing pada saat keluar rumah di Jakarta. Ini merupakan salah satu kebiasaan baru yang akan dibiasakan ke masyarakat oleh pemerintah. Pada lingkungan perusahaan yang sudah mulai beroperasi 50%, juga mewajibkan karyawannya menggunakan masker dan physical distancing saat di kantor. Agar kebiasaan disiplin menggunakan masker di tempat umum ini dapat berjalan dengan baik, maka dibuatlah New Normal COVID-19 Masker Detektor dengan Notifikasi Telegram berbasis Internet Of Things ini agar lingkungan seperti perusahaan dapat mendisiplinkan karyawannya untuk menggunakan masker sebelum masuk ke kantor. Sistem ini dibuat menggunakan Raspberry Pi sebagai otak utamanya, dengan menambahkan modul kamera dan juga sensor PIR, yang akan mendeteksi apakah orang tersebut menggunakan masker atau tidak. Kemudian akan dikirimkan pesan notifikasi telegram kepada keamanan setempat agar orang tersebut diperbolehkan masuk ke kantor jika sudah menggunakan masker. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah dengan merumuskan masalah yang ada,kemudian merumuskan tujuan penelitian, melakukan studi literatur, melakukan perancangan sistem dan melakukan pengujian sistem. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah sistem dapat mendeteksi orang yang menggunakan masker dan notifikasi dapat dikirimkan ke keamanan melalui aplikasi telegram dengan baik.
ANALISA KERUSAKAN JALAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE BINA MARGA (Studi Kasus Jalan Akses Terminal Alang-Alang Lebar Kota Palembang STA 00+000 s/d STA 01+000)
Authors: Faisal Faisal , Hidayat Ahmat
Published: July 2020

Ruas jalan Akses Terminal Alang-Alang Lebar Kota Palembang merupakan jalan propinsi yang menghubungkan antara satu propinsi dengan propinsi lain. Semakin tingginya arus pergerakan kendaraan di suatu wilayah tentunya juga akan berisko terhadap peningkatan kerusakan jalan. Oleh karena itu sangat menarik untuk memperhatikan bagaimana kondisi ruas jalan yang memiliki akses pergerakan moda kendaraan yang tinggi.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis kerusakan jalan yang terjadi pada ruas Jalan Akses Terminal Alang-Alang Lebar Kota Palembang dari STA 00+000 s/d STA 1+000, Mengetahui nilai kondisi Jalan tersebut dan untuk mengetahui jenis penanganan kerusakan menurut standar Bina Marga pada ruas Jalan Akses Terminal Alang-Alang Lebar Kota Palembang dari STA 00+000 s/d STA 1+000. Pengumpulan data diperoleh dari survey kondisi jalan menggunakan metode Bina Marga dan survey Lintas Harian Rata-Rata.

Dari hasil penelitian pada ruas Jalan Akses Terminal Alang-Alang Lebar Kota Palembang STA 00+000 s/d STA 01+000 kerusakan yang paling dominan terjadi adalah lubang dengan total kerusakan jalan yang diteliti adalah sebesar 358,44 m2 atau 5,120% dari total luas ruas jalan 7000m2.

Kata kunci: Kerusakan Jalan, Nilai Kondisi, Prioritas Penanganan.