bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ФОРМУВАННЯ ПОНЯТТЯ КУТА ЗАСОБАМИ МЕТРИЧНОЇ ГЕОМЕТРІЇ НА ГЕОМЕТРИЧНОМУ МАТЕРІАЛІ 9 КЛАСУ
Authors: Кузьмич Валерій , Кузьмич Л. , Савченко О.
Published: June 2021

Робота полягає у вивченню можливості застосування засобів метричної геометрії для формування основних геометричних понять при вивченні геометрії у закладах середньої освіти. Використання метричної геометрії відкриває шлях до знайомства учнів з елементами неевклідових геометрій як на інтуїтивному, так і на аксіоматичному рівнях. У роботі, на основі означення числової характеристики кута утвореного трьома точками метричного простору, дано альтернативне означення прямолінійного розміщення точок. За допомогою числової характеристики легко отримуються означення прямого та розгорнутого кутів. Наведений у роботі матеріал можна використовувати на уроках геометрії починаючи з 9-го класу, та у позакласній роботі з учнями які навчаються у класах з поглибленим вивченням математики.
Формулювання проблеми. Матеріал даної роботи стосується, у основному, викладання математики у класах з поглибленим вивченням математики. Сучасний стан математичної освіти ставить питання про необхідність ознайомлення учнів з основними поняттями та фактами неевклідових геометрій. Зробити це безпосередньо звертаючись до фактичного матеріалу таких геометрій досить складно, зважаючи на значний рівень його формалізації. У даній роботі, для вирішення цього питання автори пропонують використати засоби метричної геометрії, як найбільш наближеної до шкільного курсу геометрії. Пропонується розпочати цю роботу з формування узагальнених основних геометричних понять та об’єктів, таких як точка, кут, прямолінійне розміщення точок.
Матеріали і методи. Результати роботи отримані на підставі аналізу діючих підручників з математики для класів з поглибленим її вивченням, підручників з геометрії та математичного аналізу закладів вищої освіти, наукових публікацій та апробовані при читанні відповідного спецкурсу студентам спеціальності «014.04 Середня освіта (Математика)» магістерського рівня вищої освіти.
Результати. На основі запропонованого означення кута як упорядкованої трійки точок отримані аналоги класичних геометричних співвідношень. Ці аналоги допускають демонстрацію елементів неевклідових геометрій засобами елементарної геометрії.
Висновки. Аналітичний апарат метричної геометрії дає можливість сформувати узагальнене розуміння основних геометричних понять, таких як точка, кут, відстань між точками, прямолінійне розміщення точок.
НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВІ ЗАСАДИ РОЗВИТКУ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ В УКРАЇНІ В УМОВАХ ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЇ
Authors: Корж-Усенко Лариса , Рибалко Петро
Published: June 2021

Формулювання проблеми. Виявлення позитивів і недоліків нормативно-правового поля у галузі вищої освіти з урахуванням досвіду розвинутих європейських країн є важливою передумовою успішності започаткованих перетворень у контексті розбудови демократичного правового суспільства.
Матеріали і методи. Основою дослідження стали новітні нормативно-правові акти в галузі вищої освіти України, спрямовані на адаптацію вітчизняного законодавства до європейського науково-освітнього простору. Для досягнення мети було використано методи теоретичного рівня наукового пізнання: історіографічний аналіз, порівняння, аналіз, синтез, узагальнення.
Результати. Представлено структуру чинної нормативно-правової бази у галузі вищої освіти України, схарактеризовано основні групи законодавчих і підзаконних актів, що мають різну юридичну силу. Узагальнено нововведення, запроваджені новим Законом України про вищу освіту (2014 р.), порівняно зі старою редакцією зазначеного законодавчого акту. Розкрито особливості Закону «Про внесення змін до деяких Законів України щодо присудження наукових ступенів» (2021 р.), Національної рамки кваліфікацій (2020 р.) та Професійного стандарту на групу професій «Викладачі закладів вищої освіти» (2021 р.), стратегічних документів, що визначають пріоритети розвитку освіти та локальних актів закладів вищої освіти, окреслено перспективи подальшого розроблення обраної проблеми. Особливу увагу приділено аналізу Стратегії розвитку освіти України на 2021–2031 роки. Виявлено, що в умовах пандемії та цифровізації суспільства зростає значення онлайн-заходів, на яких здійснюється активне обговорення концептуальних засад реформування галузі та відкриваються нові можливості для залучення всіх зацікавлених сторін та зарубіжних експертів.
Висновки. Констатовано, що впродовж останніх років відбулося динамічне оновлення нормативно-правових засад розвитку вищої освіти; було ухвалено низку законів України та підзаконних актів, що містять нові вимоги до якості професійної підготовки майбутніх фахівців, узгоджені з європейськими стандартами. Закцентовано увагу на питанні атестації науково-педагогічних кадрів та конкретизації вимог до викладачів закладів вищої освіти. Перспективними напрямами розроблення обраної проблеми є вдосконалення систем внутрішнього забезпечення якості освіти, підготовка Закону «Про дистанційну освіту» та розроблення нормативно-правового супроводу реалізації Стратегії розвитку вищої освіти України на 2021–2031 роки.
Pengolahan & Peminjaman Buku di Perpustakaan
Authors: Kholiq Nur , Ramadhan Akbar Taqwa , Ramadhan Akbar Taqwa
Published: June 2021

Di era sekarang yang serba digital penggunaan database sangat penting sebagai tempat penyimpanan data, sebagai contoh KTP yang sekarang kita miliki terdapat chip yang berfungsi sebagai tempat penyimpanan data pribadi kita, chip ini mempermudah kepengurusan sipil mengakses data diri kita yang tersimpan di database mereka jikalau ada kesalahan di KTP kita atau pihak berwenang memerlukan foto diri yang lebih jelas. Dengan memamfaatkan sifat database yaitu menghindari Redudansi Basis Data atau terjadinya data-data ganda dalam berkas-berkas yang berbeda, kita dapat menghindari adanya data-data eror akibat peyimpanan data yang sebelumnya sudah ada, selaintu dengan menggunakan database mengelompokkan data dan informasi akan lebih mudah
Parents’ perceptions of young children’s minds are associated with their interest in their own child and self-reported parenting behavior
Authors: Salo Virginia C. , Letterie Mia , King Lucy S , Weisman Kara , Humphreys Kathryn Leigh
Published: June 2021

We examined whether parents’ mind perception of young children (i.e., perceptions of young children’s cognitive, emotional, and perceptual capacities), as well as their interest in and curiosity about their own young child’s mental states are associated with self-reported positive parenting behavior. In a sample of 234 US parents (58% mothers; Mean age=35.62 years) of 3- to 5-year-olds, we found that mind perception, interest and curiosity, and self-reported positive parenting behavior were all positively related. Further, the current data suggest that interest in own their child's mental states explains the association between mental capacity judgements about young children in general and self-reported parenting behavior. Compared to fathers, mothers reported perceiving greater mental capacities in young children, and greater interest and curiosity in their own child’s mental states. Parents’ perceptions of young children’s capacity for negative affect and parents’ interest and curiosity in their own child’s mental states statistically explained the association between parent gender and self-reported positive parenting behaviors. These findings suggest that general beliefs about young children’s minds play a role in explaining both individual and gender differences in parents’ relationships with their children.
Epistemic Exclusion Toolbox Workshop Report [Technical report]
Authors: Buchanan NiCole T. , Dotson Kristie , O’Rourke Michael , Rinkus Marisa A. , Settles Isis H. , Vasko Stephanie
Published: June 2021

Workshop Summary:The Toolbox Dialogue Initiative conducted two workshops with Michigan State University faculty on May 4, 2017 and one with administrators on May 24, 2017. The first faculty workshop –“Group 1” in what follows – comprised white faculty, while the second, “Group 2”, comprised faculty of color. The administrator workshop, “Group 3”, comprised a mixed-race group of administrators. These 3-hour workshops included dialogue structured by prompt-based instruments customized specifically to emphasize epistemic exclusion. The instruments were designed by Michael O’Rourke and Stephanie E. Vasko, with significant input from Nicole Buchanan, Kristie Dotson, and Isis Settles. (See Appendix 1 for the Toolbox instruments and prompts used in each workshop.) The workshops were facilitated by Michael O’Rourke and Stephanie E. Vasko and began with a presentation briefly covering the Faculty Inclusion and Excellence Study, epistemic exclusion, the Toolbox approach, instrument design, and details about the workshop. The dialogue sessions lasted between 50 and 70 minutes and were followed by a co-creation activity. The cocreation activity during the faculty workshops was designed to inform the administration workshop, and the co-creation activity during the administration workshop was intended to inform MSU policy concerning valuing and evaluating scholarship at MSU. The workshops concluded with a debrief discussion and reflection on the process.
Perspektif beberapa ideologi ekonomi.
Authors: Susanti Nur Evi
Published: June 2021

Beberapa perspektif ideologi dalam ekonomi
Improving peer review of systematic reviews by involving librarians and information specialists: protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rethlefsen Melissa L. , Schroter Sara , Bouter Lex , Moher David , Ayala Ana Patricia , Kirkham Jamie , Zeegers Maurice
Published: June 2021

Background: Problems continue to exist with the reporting of and risk of bias in search methods and strategies in systematic reviews and related review types. Peer reviewers who are not familiar with what is required to transparently and fully report a search may not be prepared to review the search components of systematic reviews, nor may they know what is likely to introduce bias into a search. Librarians and information specialists, who have expertise in searching, may offer specialized knowledge that would help improve systematic review search reporting and lessen risk of bias, but they are underutilized as methodological peer reviewers.Methods: This study will evaluate the effect of adding librarians and information specialists as methodological peer reviewers on the quality of search reporting and risk of bias in systematic review searches. The study will be a pragmatic randomized controlled trial using 150 systematic review manuscripts submitted to BMJ and BMJ Open as the unit of randomization. Manuscripts that report on completed systematic reviews and related review types and have been sent for peer review are eligible. For each manuscript randomized to the intervention, a librarian/information specialist will be invited as an additional peer reviewer using standard practices for each journal. First revision manuscripts will be assessed in duplicate for reporting quality and risk of bias, using adherence to 4 items from PRISMA-S and assessors’ judgements on 4 signaling questions from ROBIS Domain 2, respectively. Identifying information from the manuscripts will be removed prior to assessment.Discussion: The primary outcomes for this study are quality of reporting as indicated by differences in the proportion of adequately reported searches in first revision manuscripts between intervention and control groups and risk of bias as indicated by differences in the proportions of first revision manuscripts with high, low, and unclear bias. If the intervention demonstrates an effect on search reporting or bias, this may indicate a need for journal editors to work with librarians and information specialists as methodological peer reviewers.Trial registration: This trial was registered on the Open Science Framework on June 17, 2021 at https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/W4CK2.
Schema-Related Eye Movements Support Episodic Simulation
Authors: Wynn Jordana , van Genugten Ruben , Sheldon Signy , Schacter Daniel L
Published: June 2021

Recent work indicates that eye movements support the retrieval of episodic memories by reactivating the spatiotemporal context in which they were encoded. Although similar mechanisms have been thought to support simulation of future episodes, there is currently no evidence to support this proposal. In the present study, we investigated the role of eye movements in episodic simulation by comparing the gaze patterns of individual participants imagining future scene and event scenarios to across-participant gaze templates for those same scenarios, reflecting their shared features (i.e., schemas). Our results provide novel evidence that eye movements during episodic simulation in the face of distracting visual noise are (1) schema-specific and (2) predictive of simulation success. Together, these findings suggest that eye movements support episodic simulation via reinstatement of scene and event schemas, and more broadly, that interactions between the memory and oculomotor effector systems may underlie critical cognitive processes including constructive episodic simulation.
Mind over matter: Perceived phantom/prosthesis co-location contributes to prosthesis embodiment in lower limb amputees
Authors: Bekrater-Bodmann Robin
Published: June 2021

Prosthesis embodiment (PEmb) – the cognitive integration of a prosthesis into an amputees’ body representation – has been identified as key feature of prosthetic rehabilitation. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. There is reason to assume that phantom limbs that are experienced as part of the bodily self (phantom self-consciousness, PSC) can affect PEmb, but only if the phantom and the prosthesis can be brought into perceived co-location (phantom prosthesis tolerance, PPT). In the present study, phantom-prosthesis interactions were examined in lower limb amputees, and a PPT component was psychometrically extracted. Mediation analysis revealed an indirect-only effect, where the relationship between PSC and PEmb was mediated by PPT, indicating that phantom limbs can transfer their immanent vividness to the artificial limb. Subsequent analyses suggested that this effect can compensate for negative consequences that arise from phantom limb awareness. These results shape theoretical considerations about the cognitive processes contributing to the bodily self.
Steering is initiated based on error accumulation
Authors: Goodridge Courtney Michael , Mole Callum , Markkula Gustav , Billington Jac , Wilkie Richard
Published: June 2021

Vehicle control by humans is possible because the central nervous system is capable of using visual information to produce complex sensorimotor actions. Drivers must monitor errors and initiate steering corrections of appropriate magnitude and timing to maintain a safe lane position. The perceptual mechanisms determining how a driver processes visual information and initiates steering corrections remain unclear. Previous research suggests two potential alternative mechanisms for responding to errors: (i) perceptual evidence (error) satisficing fixed constant thresholds (Threshold), or (ii) the integration of perceptual evidence over time (Accumulator). To distinguish between these mechanisms an experiment was conducted using a computer-generated steering correction paradigm. Drivers (N=20) steered towards an intermittently appearing ‘road-line’ that varied in position and orientation with respect to the driver’s position and trajectory. One key prediction from a Threshold framework is a fixed absolute error response across conditions regardless of the rate of error development, whereas the Accumulator framework predicts that drivers would respond to larger absolute errors when the error signal develops at a faster rate. Results were consistent with an Accumulator framework, thus we propose that models of steering should integrate perceived control error over time in order to accurately capture human perceptual performance.
Effects of Brief Interventions on Internalizing Symptoms and Substance Use in Youth: A Systematic Review
Authors: McDanal Riley , Parisi Deanna , Opara Ijeoma , Schleider Jessica L.
Published: June 2021

Internalizing problems (e.g., depression, anxiety) and substance use are common among young people and often co-occur. However, youths face myriad barriers to access needed treatment, and existing evidence-based interventions tend to focus on internalizing problems or substance use, rather than both simultaneously. Brief interventions that target both problems may therefore be an efficient and accessible resource for alleviating youth difficulties; however, this possibility has been insufficiently evaluated. This systematic review evaluated the intervention characteristics and quality of six studies spanning 2015 to 2019 that examined intervention effects on internalizing and substance use outcomes. Based on independent calculations and author reports (respectively), 3-4 interventions significantly reduced youth internalizing symptoms; 3-5 reduced youth substance use; and 2-3 reduced symptoms in both domains. All six interventions identified substance use as a primary target. Four interventions were administered by interventionists to youths in inpatient, outpatient, primary care, or school settings. The remaining two studies delivered content through voicemail messages or an online design. Interventions ranged from ~15 minutes to 240 minutes. Results highlight the sparsity and heterogeneity of youth-focused brief interventions that have evaluated program effects on both internalizing problems and substance use outcomes, suggesting a clear need for integrated supports that are also designed for accessibility. Future investigations of brief youth-focused interventions should assess program effects on both internalizing and substance use outcomes; examine mechanisms driving the varied efficacy of identified interventions; and create, refine, and test interventions with potential to address co-occurring internalizing problems and substance use in young people.
Are High School Students Accurate in Predicting Their AP Exam Scores?: Examining Inaccuracy and Overconfidence of Students’ Predictions
Authors: Ober Teresa , Hong Maxwell , Carter Matt , Brodersen Alex , Reboucas Daniella Alves , Liu Cheng , Cheng Alison
Published: June 2021

We examined whether students were accurate in predicting their test performance two testing contexts (low-stakes and high-stakes). The sample comprised U.S. high school students enrolled in an advanced placement (AP) statistics course during the 2017-2018 academic year (N=209; Mage=16.6 years). We found that even two months before taking the AP exam, a high stakes summative assessment, students were moderately accurate in predicting their actual scores (κweighted=.62). When the same variables were entered into models predicting inaccuracy and overconfidence bias, results did not provide evidence that age, gender, parental education, number of math classes previously taken, or course engagement accounted for variation in accuracy. Overconfidence bias differed between students enrolled at different schools. Results indicated that students’ predictions of performance were positively associated with performance in both low- and high-stakes testing contexts. The findings shed light on ways to leverage students’ self-assessment for learning.
Thinking Takes Time: Children Use Agents’ Response Times to Infer the Source, Quality, and Complexity of Their Knowledge
Authors: Richardson Emory , Keil Frank
Published: June 2021

Limits on mental speed entail speed-accuracy tradeoffs for problem-solving, but memory and perception are accurate on much faster timescales. While response times drive inference across the behavioral sciences, they may also help laypeople interpret each others’ everyday behavior. We examined children’s (ages 5 to 10) use of agents’ response time to infer the source and quality of their knowledge. In each trial, children saw a pathfinding puzzle presented to an agent, who claimed to have solved it after either 3s or 20s. In Experiment 1 (n=135), children used agents’ response speed to distinguish between memory, perception, and novel inference. In Experiment 2 (n=135), children predicted that fast responses would be inaccurate, but were less skeptical of slow agents. In Experiment 3 (n=128), children inferred task complexity from agents’ speed. Our findings suggest that the simple intuition that thinking takes time may scaffold everyday social cognition.
Estimating the persistence of party cue influence in a panel survey experiment
Authors: Tappin Ben M , Hewitt Luke
Published: June 2021

Perhaps hundreds of survey experiments have shown that political party cues influence people’s policy opinions. However, we know little about the persistence of this influence: is it a transient priming effect, dissipating moments after the survey is over; or does influence persist for longer, indicating learning? We report the results of a panel survey experiment in which U.S. adults were randomly exposed to party cues on five contemporary U.S. policy issues in an initial survey, and gave their opinions. A follow-up survey three days later polled their opinions again. We find that the influence of the party cues persists at ~50% its original magnitude at follow-up. Notably, our design rules out that people simply remembered how they previously answered. Our findings have implications for understanding the scope and mechanism of party cue influence as it occurs in the real world, and provide a benchmark for future research on this topic.
Ethnic gaps in Swedish upper secondary school completion: Is 'immigrant optimism' the problem?
Authors: Dollmann Jörg , Jonsson Jan O. , Mood Carina , Rudolphi Frida
Published: June 2021

In many Western countries, researchers have documented ‘immigrant optimism’ in education, i.e., the tendency for immigrant-background students to choose academically more demanding routes than others at given levels of grade point averages (GPA). For some, this indicates structural integration, while others alert against an ‘immigrant optimism trap’ when ambition trumps ability, leading to high risks of non-completion. Using longitudinal Swedish population data (n≈90,000), we estimate the upper secondary ‘completion gap’ to 12% to the detriment of immigrant-background students. We then address the ‘trap hypothesis’ via two counterfactual analyses. The first shows that if immigrant-background youth made similar educational choices as other students at the same GPA, the completion gap would shrink by 3.4 percentage points. The second analysis suggests that restricting admission to programmes based on prior GPA, which would lead to a massive relocation of low- and mid-GPA students to vocational programmes, would reduce the completion gap by 2.2 percentage points. These changes must be considered marginal in view of the substantial restrictions of choice that either of these measures would entail. We conclude that completion gaps are not primarily a result of immigrant optimism, and optimistic choices are likely to be a net positive for structural integration.
Not By Art Alone: Error, Bias, and Chaos in Musical Evolution
Authors: Lopez-Hanshaw Robert Alan
Published: June 2021

Musical change is an example of cultural evolution. This chapter, to be included in "Music in Human Experience: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on a Musical Species" edited by Johnathan Friedmann, outlines the interplay between cultural values and cognitive biases within an evolutionary framework. This also includes an introduction to concepts specific to cultural evolution, such as guided variation and constrained mutation. Juliette Blevins' Evolutionary Phonology framework is extended to music, treating pitch systems as phonological systems, subject to similar cognitive biases that result in similar patterns of change. Cultural values surrounding music then act upon the output of lower-level "phonological" processes, both as selective forces and as influences on musicians' "guided variation." Because the resulting patterns show some hallmarks of chaotic behavior, the chapter concludes by advocating an agent-based modeling approach.
DINAMIKA SOSIAL MASYARAKAT DESA
Authors: RUSDI M.
Published: June 2021

Dinamika sosial dalam masyarakat dapat terjadi pada nilai-nilai sosial, norma-norma sosial, pola-pola perilaku organisasi, susunan lembaga kemasyarakatan, kekuasaan dan wewenang, interaksi sosial, dan lain sebagainya yang menjadi bagian dalam kehidupan masyarakat tersebut. Fenomena dinamika sosial terjadi pula dalam kehidupan masyarakat di Desa Barugae Kecamatan Bulukumpa Kabupaten Bulukumba. Secara historis masyarakat Desa Barugae memiliki pola hidup dan adat istiadat yang sedikit berbeda dengan masyarakat yang lain yang ada di Kabupaten Bulukumba. Pola hidup dan adat istiadat masyarakat umumnya memiliki kaitan dengan kepercayaan mereka terhadap animisme. Sehingga di wilayah Desa Barugae banyak tempat-tempat yang dianggap keramat oleh masyarakat. Dalam buku ini membahasa mengenai dinamika sosial masyarakat di sekitar bukit karampuang Desa Barugae Kecamatan Bulukumpa Kabupaten Bulukumba, sehingga nantinya dapat diketahui lebih jelas mengenai faktor penyebab terjadinya dinamika sosial, bagaimana interaksi antara masyarakat lokal dengan masyarakat pengunjung sehingga terjadi dinamika sosial dan dampak yang ditimbulkan terhadap masyarakat sekitar Bukit Karampuang.
Surface velocity and ice thickness of the Müller ice cap, Axel Heiberg Island
Authors: Zinck Ann-Sofie Priergaard
Published: June 2021

Muller ice cap is situated on Axel Heiberg Island in Arctic Canada. It is characterised by a mountanious region separating the ice cap in the east from the outlet glaciers in the west. Research has taken place on the outlet glaciers of the ice cap since 1959, but only limited research has been conducted on the main ice cap, and no full depth ice cores have ever been drilled. The interesting location of the ice cap facing the Arctic Ocean, the chance of finding ice dating back to the Innuitian Ice Sheet, and the fact that no full depth ice cores have been drilled, makes it an obvious place to do so. In order to achieve a long and undisturbed chronology of the ice core, one needs to find a location for the drilling site, where there is a great ice thickness, low surface velocity and little melt. In this project the aim is to make surface velocity maps of the ice cap and estimate the ice thickness to be able to come up with suggestions of possible drill site areas.Surface velocities are calculated using feature tracking of optical satellite images from the Landsat satellites in the period of 2004-2019. A median velocity map of all Landsat 8 velocity maps is used as validation in modelling the ice thickness and in the investigation of possible drill site areas.To estimate the ice thickness various methods are used and are being compared to the ice thickness measured by Operation IceBridge. The first method is an iterative inverse method where the ice sheet model PISM works as a forward model. The model is found to work rather well on the ice cap, with a root mean squared error (RMS) of 138.9 m, but overestimates the ice thickness on the outlet glaciers. The second model uses a simple inversion of the shallow ice approximation. It overestimates the ice thickness in areas with low surface slope, but has a RMS of 131.4 m on the ice cap. The third and and fourth models uses Monte Carlo sampling methods of the shallow ice approximation without and with sliding, respectively. The latter uses an initial ice thickness guess, and the modelled ice thickness was proofed not to differ from that initial guess at all. The RMSs on the icecap of the two models were found to be 132.1 m and 129.9 m, respectively. Finally, the fifth model uses the PISM setup but with an initial geometry defined by the SIA inversion. The RMS on the ice cap is found to be 135.4 m.Based on the median Landsat 8 surface velocity map, the modelled ice thicknesses and the surface elevation from the Arctic Digital Elevation Model, a map of suggested drill site areas is made. The site which fulfilled the criteria the most is located at 526629 m easting and 8866463 m northing in UTM zone 15N. In this site the surface velocity is 1.2 m yr−1, the surface elevation is 1804 m and the modelled ice thicknesses varies from 535-579 m. The melt in this area is estimated to be less than 20 melt days per year based on the backscatter from Sentinel-1.
PENINGKATAN KEAKTIFAN DAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MELALUI METODE DEMONSTRASI
Authors: Suprapti
Published: June 2021

Dalam buku ini membahas tentang peningkatan keaktifan dan hasil belajar matematika pada materi menghitung volume tabung melalui metode demonstrasi bagi siswa kelas VI SD Negeri Jambusari 03 Kecamatan Jeruklegi Kabupaten Cilacap Tahun 2015/ 2016. Pendidikan merupakan kunci untuk semua kemajuan dan perkembangan yang berkualitas, sebab dengan pendidikan manusia dapat mewujudkan semua potensi dirinya baik sebagai pribadi maupun sebagai warga masyarakat. Untuk dapat mencapai tujuan tersebut, seorang guru harus mampu menumbuhkan motivasi peserta didik agar memiliki semangat dan kemauan belajar yang lebih tinggi. Dalam pembelajaran matematika tentang menentukan volume tabung merupakan hal yang sangat bermanfaat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, agar siswa mampu menghitung isi sebuah bangun ruang tabung yang ada di kehidupannya, guru harus mampu mengorganisasi perencanaan dan pelaksanaan pembelajaran, agar berjalan efektif dan optimal, sehingga tujuan yang ingin dicapai dapat tercapai.
Embattled Excavations. Colonial and Transcultural Constructions of the American Deep Past
Authors: Mackenthun Gesa
Published: June 2021

American national self-invention is fundamentally entwined with cultural constructions of American “prehistory” – the human presence on the continent since the earliest arrivals at least 16,000 years ago. Embattled Excavations offers exemplary readings of the entanglements between reconstructions of the American deep past and racialist ideologies and legal doctrine, with continental expansionism and Manifest Destiny, and with the epistemic and spiritual crisis about the origins of mankind following nineteenth-century discoveries in the fields of geology and evolutionary biology. It argues, from a decolonial perspective, that popular assumptions about the early history of settlement effectively downplay the length and intensity of the Indigenous presence on the continent. Individual chapters critically investigate modern scientific hypotheses about Pleistocene migrations; they follow in the tracks of imperial and transatlantic adventurers in search of Maya ruins and fossil megafauna; and they triangulate colonial and transcultural reconstructions of the events leading to the formation of Crater Lake (Oregon) with previously ignored Indigenous traditions about the ancient cataclysm. The examples show a deep-seated colonial anxiety about America’s foreign pre-colonial past, evinced by popular archaeology’s nervous silencing of Indigenous knowledge – a condition now subject to revision due to a growing Indigenous presence in the discursive field.
Prácticas y estrategias didácticas en el modelo pedagógico constructivista en enfermería
Authors: Garzón Morales Ligia , Bautista Martínez Victoria , Torres Olarte Eida Gabriela , Carvajal Diógenes
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: analizar la relación de las prácticas pedagógicas y estrategias didácticas utilizadas en el aula y los escenarios de práctica clínica de V semestre de la facultad de enfermería de la Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud de Bogotá, con el modelo pedagógico institucional. Método: estudio cualitativo con enfoque etnográfico en el que participaron directivos, docentes y estudiantes, aplicando técnicas de observación no participante y entrevista semiestructurada. Se utilizó la herramienta ATLAS. Ti y se realizó triangulación entre documentos institucionales, entrevistas y la observación no participante. Resultados: se partió de cuatro categorías predeterminadas y emergieron cuatro adicionales, que dan cuenta de la relación entre el modelo pedagógico institucional con las prácticas pedagógicas y estrategias didácticas utilizadas por los docentes. Conclusiones: la institución en su trayectoria ha pasado por varios modelos pedagógicos sin que se haya realizado un estudio que evidencie el tránsito de un modelo a otro; ahora se están implementando varias estrategias para que docentes y estudiantes se apropien del modelo constructivista, lo que ha derivado en dificultades en la implementación, confusiones y tensiones. Este trabajo en conjunto con directivos, docentes y estudiantes, propone estrategias para facilitar la apropiación del modelo y su incorporación en las prácticas y estrategias didácticas.
Manejo anestésico en paciente pediátrico con hiperglicinemia no cetósica
Authors: Baquero Marín Pedro José , Guerrero Osocrio Christian David , Pulgarín Díaz Jorge Iván , Osorio Vásquez Diana Carolina
Published: June 2021

Se reporta un paciente pediátrico con diagnóstico de hiperglicinemia no cetósica (HNC), enfermedad neurometabólica poco frecuente ocasionada por una deficiencia en el sistema de segmentación de la glicina, codificada por los genes GLDC, GCSH, AMT y GCSL que conduce a niveles elevados de glicina en la sinapsis generando un efecto agonista prolongado en los receptores N-metil-D-aspartato (NMDA).  Se asocia con hipotonía, convulsiones y trastornos de la deglución, los cuales dependerán de la edad de presentación. Se revisa la literatura actual para el abordaje perioperatorio.
Gamifying the gig: transitioning the dark side to bright side of online engagement
Authors: Behl Abhishek , Sheorey Pratima , Jain Kokil , Chavan Meena , Jajodia Isha , Zhang Zuopeng (Justin)
Published: June 2021

Gig work has transformed the work culture, globally. It’s sprawl, and popularity has also attracted excellent talent to join the gig workforce, most of which are online. While it has unfolded new avenues to showcase talent, its management irregularities have resulted in more significant dropouts. The study addresses a key research gap investigating the dropouts of gig workers on digital earning platforms by the moderating impact of gamified interventions on online platforms. We have based our arguments and derived our hypotheses based on social exchange theory and self-determination theory. A total of 367 responses were collected from white-collar gig workers who have completed tasks on one or more gig platforms in the past two years. We test our hypotheses using partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Results confirm that gamifying the online platform would enhance job satisfaction and productivity of gig employees, reducing the chances of quitting gig work. It is further observed that in the case of gig workers, high-performance work systems have a non-significant effect on the intentions to quit. The results contribute to the redesigning of online gig platforms with a layer of gamified artifacts to increase gig workers' retention.
Military Service and Canadian Army Suicides of the Second World War, 1939–44
Authors: Pratt William J.
Published: June 2021

Over 230 Canadian Army soldiers took their own lives during the Second World War. For many, soldiering seems to have exacerbated stresses and depressions. Their suicide notes and the testimony of family, officers, and bunkmates reveal that wartime disturbance was an important part of the complex array of reasons why. In attempts to explain the motivations for their tragic final actions, the instabilities brought by the Second World War and the stresses of military mobilization must be added to the many biological, social, psychological, and circumstantial factors revealed by the proceedings of courts of inquiry. Major military risk factors include: access to firearms, suppression of individual agency, and disruption of the protective networks of friends and family. Some Canadians had a difficult time adjusting to military discipline and authority and were frustrated by their inability to succeed by the measures set by the army. Suicide motivations are complex and it may be too simplistic to say that the Second World War caused these deaths; however, it is not too far to say that the war was a factor in their final motivations. Some men, due to the social pressures and constructs of masculine duty, signed up for active service despite previously existing conditions which should have excused them. Revisiting these traumas can expose the difficulties that some Canadians experienced during mobilization for total war. Many brought deep personal pain with them as they entered military service and for some, the disruptions, frustrations, and anxieties of life in khaki were too great to bear. Like their better-known colleagues who died on the battlefield, they too are casualties of the Second World War.
Building Veterinarians beyond Veterinary School: Challenges and Opportunities for Continuing Professional Development in Veterinary Medicine
Authors: Gates M. Carolyn , McLachlan Iain , Butler Seton , Weston Jenny F.
Published: June 2021

Continuing professional development (CPD) is an important mechanism for veterinarians to acquire, maintain, and enhance their capability to perform competently in their chosen practice area over their career. Although most licensing bodies require veterinarians to complete a minimum number of CPD hours each registration cycle, there are known issues with verifying that these activities are having the desired effects of ensuring professional competence and improving outcomes for patients, owners, and veterinarians. In this review, we summarize the literature across different health care professions to highlight three key challenges for veterinary CPD programs. These are (a) defining what it means to be professionally competent across different career stages from graduation to retirement, (b) delivering CPD activities that are effective in promoting evidence-based medicine and behavioral change in practice, and (c) developing reliable and sustainable systems to formally assess the continued professional competence of veterinarians. A common theme across all challenges was the importance of interacting with colleagues as an opportunity to receive external feedback on their professional strengths and weaknesses and to develop stronger support networks for managing common stressors in clinical practice. There was also a recognized need to develop more transparent outlines of the available and acceptable options for managing different animal health concerns as a first step toward identifying new opportunities for the veterinary profession to elevate the level of care provided. Based on these findings, we propose a new framework for defining, delivering, and evaluating CPD that promotes stronger collaboration between veterinarians to improve professional and personal well-being.
INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL EXERCISES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF MORPHOFUNCTIONAL INDICES OF STUDENT YOUTH
Authors: Grishko L. , Zavadska N. , Novikova I.
Published: June 2021

The article reveals the influence of physical exercises on the development of morpho-functional indicators of student youth. It was found that in students who regularly exercise, physical development indicators are within normal limits. In addition, exercise improves the psychological state of those who engage, increases motivation for physical education, improves well-being.

The modern focus on the creative assimilation of physical culture by the future specialist requires an orderly system of effectiveness on his intellectual, emotional, volitional and practical activities. This allows us to talk about physical education as an important way of forming a personality, citizen and future specialist, purposeful pedagogical process of involving student youth in the values of national physical culture. The purpose of physical education in higher education - the formation of physical culture of personality, creation conditions for general and professional training of students and increase on this basis of intellectual, creative and cultural wealth of the state. Achieving this goal involves the formation of the necessary motivational core of physical education and self-education, systematic physical culture and sports activities and development of physical abilities.

It is known that movements are the final expression of almost all processes occurring in the body. Unmet need for muscle activity has negative consequences for the functional state of the body and physical performance. Systematic physical exercises for a long period of time naturally lead to specific changes in the physical development of students. At the same time, the data of physical development studies become especially important when they are associated with indicators of the functional state of the organism, its efficiency and preparedness.
Asymmetry of muscle strength values during the basic period of rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in athletes
Authors: Beziazychna О.V. , Litovchenko V.О.
Published: June 2021

Objective: to specify the features of muscle strength imbalance values as the criteria defining intensity and progress of rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in athletes. The study involved 46 athletes having ACL injury. All the injured were young people under 44 years of age according to the current WHO classification. The control group, or experimental group consisted of 23 patients, and there were 25 patient s in the main one. Physical rehabilitation program for the patients of the CG and MG included therapeutic exercises, massage, and electrical myostimulation. Physical rehabilitation program for the MG patients was aimed at the priority recovery of tone, strength and mass of hamstrings.
The article evaluates the effect of the developed physical rehabilitation program on the relation of strength values of the injured and intact limbs during the basic period of rehabilitation. The CG patients showed positive changes only according to EMG (asymmetry index of the mean amplitude of the rectus femoris and vastus medialis (р <0,05), and the MG patients significantly restored the balance between muscle strength values according to dynamometry results (moment of hip flexors and extensors strength, р<0,01; asymmetry index of hip flexors and extensors strength, р<0,05), and EMG (asymmetry index of the mean amplitude of the rectus femoris and vastus medialis, р<0,05). The study found that physical therapy program which additionally included electrical myostimulation and special exercises for hamstrings has significant effect on the relation of strength values of the injured and intact limbs during the basic period of rehabilitation.
Psycho-traumatic factors in extreme situations in sports
Authors: Beihul Igor
Published: June 2021

Purpose: to analyze the influence of traumatic factors in extreme situations in sports. Research methods: analysis, generalization and systematization of scientific data methodical literature on a particular problem. Results: The article considers the influence of traumatic factors in extreme situations in sports. It is shown that in many modern sports athletes are forced to perform sports activities in extreme conditions. Sports activities are characterized by high psychological stress and are characterized by increased risk. In sports, depending on the sport, the conditions of training and competition are quite different. Thus, the conditions of sports activities include factors that affect athletes. In the presence of extreme situations, the effect of these factors is enhanced. In addition, in sports there are often very responsible and sometimes dangerous to health and life extreme situations that force athletes to act at the limit of personal capabilities. Athletic achievement is largely determined by the ability of athletes to overcome various extreme situations in sports, which are a system of limitations: physical, mental, social, moral, internal and external, arising before the athlete. Conclusions: the analysis of scientific research on the effects of extreme situations on the activities of the athlete shows that the most important condition for maintaining self-control in these situations is preparedness for them, the presence of sports experience and high skill in their sport. This means that this requires a high level of psychological stability, extreme experience, which is achieved by appropriate psychological training and coaching in conditions as close as possible to possible extreme situations.
The Program of mental self-regulation of athletes engaged in Martial Arts
Authors: Kindzer Bogdan , Partyko Neonila , Khurtenko Oksana , Berezyak Ksenia , Pryshva Oles , Nesterov Oleksii
Published: June 2021

Being at a high level of sports form, some athletes who specialize in Martial Arts cannot cope with negative emotions, which leads to a decrease in their athletic performance. In the competitive and post-competitive periods there are sharp negative emotional shifts, so most athletes who specialize in Martial Arts, in particular Sambo wrestling (sports and combat sections) unable to normalize their condition, so the psychologist, as well as the coach – must support the athlete during the formation and development of his self-regulation in terms of many years of training.

As a result of theoretical research, members of the research group developed a program of mental self-regulation of Sambo fighters (combat section) in the system of their annual training cycle. The program developed by us provides consideration of features of the organization of educational and training process of sportsmen who specialize in Martial Arts at various stages of an annual cycle of their preparation, namely: preparatory period (general-preparatory and special-preparatory stages) – formation of a positive and active attitude to the development and self-improvement of self-regulation skills in different conditions of long-term training of athletes specializing in Martial Arts, development and improvement of mental functions that underlie the provision of self- regulation of Sambo fighters (combat section); competitive stage – training of combat sambo wrestlers to manage their own consciousness aimed at achieving maximum sports results, increasing the emotional stability of combat Sambo wrestlers; transitional stage – restoration (stabilization) of mental and psychophysical levels of combat Sambo wrestlers.

Prospects for further research in the chosen direction of scientific intelligence include testing the program of mental self- regulation of Sambo fighters (combat section) in the system of their annual training cycle.
Assessment of the current physical condition of students and the course of the national university “Zaporizka polytechnica”
Authors: Rimar Yu.I. , Luzenko S.G. , Dudnik Yu.I.
Published: June 2021

The article examines the assessment of the current physical condition of students who entered the first year and participated in this survey. This is a prerequisite for assessing the physical fitness of students and the effectiveness of further improvement of training sessions, new programs, recovery activities and the like. In this regard, within the framework of our survey, an analysis of indicators reflecting the level of physical fitness, physical performance, functional state of the circulatory and external respiration systems and physical health of students enrolled in the first year was carried out. The general level of their physical fitness, obtained on the basis of the values, was processed with the help of the computer program "OBEREG" and was considered as below average.

So at the beginning of the academic year, the majority of students (46.67%) of the total number of students in the group were characterized by a lower than average level of physical fitness, 26.67% of them had an average value of this indicator, and 13.33% was low and above average.

So at the beginning of the academic year, the majority of students (46.67%) of the total number of students in the group were characterized by a lower than average level of physical fitness, 26.67% of them had an average value of this indicator, and 13.33% was low and above average.

In general, the results of our survey testified that at the beginning of the academic year, the students had indicators below the average level of physical performance, physical and functional fitness, as well as the general level of physical health.