bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pathologic Diagnosis of Renal Cell Carcinoma in the Era of the 2022 World Health Organization Classification: Key Points for Clinicians
Authors: Ahn Bokyung , Jeong Jinahn , Lee Yong Il , Park Ja-Min , Yoon Sun Young , Song Cheryn , Cho Yong Mee
Published: July 2024

The remarkable advances in our understanding of renal tumor pathogenesis, driven by the widespread application of molecular testing, are reflected in the latest 2022 World Health Organization classification. This updated classification categorizes renal cell carcinoma (RCC) into morphologically and molecularly defined RCCs. It includes updates to existing entities and introduces newly established and provisional entities. A standard macroscopic and microscopic evaluation is typically sufficient for diagnosing morphologically defined RCCs and serves as the initial step in the identification of molecularly defined entities. In cases where classification based solely on histologic examination is challenging, a limited panel of immunohistochemical stains can be employed to aid in the diagnosis, with molecular testing for validation if necessary. Therefore, this review explores the key clinical, pathological, and molecular features essential for classifying both the commonly encountered morphologically defined RCCs and the less common but clinically significant molecularly defined RCCs. The goal is to increase awareness of these RCC subtypes among clinicians and promote a deeper understanding of the pathological diagnostic process, ultimately improving patient care.
The Performance of the Socially Responsible Investment Index in Indonesia
Authors: Putra Bintang Ramadhan , Husein Reza Faisal
Published: July 2024

In Indonesia, several stock indices can be used as a reference in investing in stocks, such as the LQ-45, JII, and SRI-KEHATI stock indexes. The SRI-KEHATI stock index emphasizes its attention to sustainable and responsible investment (SRI), which is a manifestation of socially responsible investing, a perspective in investing where attention to ethics, social, and normative views of investors influences investors' decisions in investing. The purpose of the study was to compare the performance of SRI-KEHATI stock indexes against LQ-45 and JII based on risk-adjusted return using Sharpe, Treynor, and Jensen's Alpha ratios with an observation period from January 2015 to December 2019. The results showed that the overall performance of the SRI-KEHATI stock index managed to outperform the performances of LQ-45 and JII. Based on these results, investors can look at the stocks listed in the SRI-KEHATI stock index because, in addition to getting.
The Behavior Rate of Return on Banking Deposit During Covid-19 in Indonesia
Authors: Yasin Rozaq Muhammad , Nurzahroh Lailyah  , Keke Tamara Fahira
Published: July 2024

The crisis condition caused by the pandemic had an impact on financial performance in general, including the policy on the rate of return provided by banks. This study aims to analyze the behavior of bank deposit returns during Covid-19 in Indonesia. Using time-series data for the period February 2020 – September 2021 which was analyzed using the VECM approach, it shows that there is a long-term relationship between the returns on Islamic Rural Bank, Islamic commercial bank, rate of interest, and deposit Insurance Agency interest rates. Meanwhile, in the short-term relationship, only the DIA variable is significantly influenced by the previous period's DIA variable. The results of the study found that the DIA variable was proven to significantly affect the rate of return given by IRB and conventional bank deposit rates. During the Covid-19 pandemic, banks provided a rate of return on deposits that did not exceed the DIA guarantee interest rate. The banking industry and DIA need to mitigate risks that arise during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Affecting Financial Inclusion Toward Third Deposit Funds of Islamic Banking Indonesia
Authors: Ahyar Muhammad Khozin , Hakim Abdul
Published: July 2024

This study aims to analyze the effect of financial inclusion variables on Islamic banking third deposit funds. In general, the variables used in this study consisted of financial inclusion variables and non- financial inclusion variables. Proxies of financial inclusion variables consist of office networks, ATM networks and savings customers. Non- financial inclusion variable proxies consist of third deposit funds, interest rates, profitability, yield equivalent and size of sharia banking. This research is a type of quantitative research using the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) using the Eviews analysis tool. Based on the results of data analysis, the proxy for financial inclusion variables that affect Islamic banking deposits is the office network (KTR) and the ATM network (ATM), while the proxy variable that has no effect is the deposit customer (NSB). Non- financial inclusion variables that affect Islamic banking deposits are the equivalent yield (ER) and the size of Islamic banking (SZE), while variables that do not affect Islamic banking deposits are the benchmark interest rate (BIR) and profitability (PRO).Keywords: Financial Inclusion, Third Deposit Funds, Islamic Banking
Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on the Financial Performance of Islamic Bank in the Philippines
Authors: Sali Najeeb Razul
Published: July 2024

This paper investigated the impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the performance of Islamic banks in the Philippines. It used the quarterly data before and during the pandemic. To empirically measure its impact on the Islamic bank in the country, this study used significant different tests to ascertain differences in the financial performance of the bank starting from the 1st quarter to the 4th quarter of 2019 used as a proxy for pre-pandemic variable and the 1st to 4th quarter of 2020 which was during the heights of the pandemic as data that represents the duration of the crisis. The result shows that the overall bank size during the pandemic was reduced by 2.08% while changes in return on deposits and return on equity before and during the pandemic were not statistically significant. However, there was enough evidence to show that Islamic deposits, return on assets, and net income, were significantly positively affected by the Covid-19 Pandemic. Test for significant difference further ascertained that the decrease in capital adequacy ratio during the pandemic was found statistically significant. It suggested that Islamic banking in the Philippines fared differently compared to its conventional counterparts in the country.
Market Dominance in Indonesia’s Islamic Banking: Critical Analysis From an Industrial Organisation Perspective
Authors: Zaini Faizi , Kusuma Airlangga Surya Kusuma
Published: July 2024

The merger of Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI) has resulted in the formation of a substantial Islamic bank capable of effectively competing with large conventional banks. Despite this, concerns have been raised that BSI might eliminate smaller Islamic banks. This study aims to critically analyze the characteristics of market dominance in Indonesia's Islamic banking industry before and after the merger of BSI from an industrial organization perspective. We utilized several indicators, including the Concentration Ratio (CR), Herfindahl–Hirschman Index (HHI), and Melnik ratio. The findings strongly indicate market dominance in the Islamic banking industry following the BSI merger. However, we argue that the market dominance achieved by BSI fosters a positive environment by reducing fragmentation within the industry. This merger has also prompted other conventional banks to optimize their support for Islamic banks. Additionally, BSI has the potential to drive the Islamic banking industry forward. Therefore, the BSI merger represents a viable option for the government to support the development of the Islamic banking sector, while competition within the industry remains dynamic. Based on our findings, we recommend that State-Owned Banks provide further support for the development of BSI, and that other conventional banks optimize their support for Islamic banks.
Gestión del conocimiento en procesos de desarrollo de software: un marco de trabajo para apoyar a las MiPyMEs
Authors: Montes Diana Patricia Salazar , Cárdenas Gaviria Luz Adriana , Franco Bedoya Oscar Hernan
Published: July 2024

La gestión del conocimiento en procesos de desarrollo de software es un campo de la ingeniería de software que se ha ido estudiando en la actualidad con el fin de aplicarloen la consecución de la mejora de los procesos de software y por ende en la calidad del producto final, el inconveniente con esto, es que los estudios se han enfocado principalmente en las grandes empresas, descuidando así las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas MiPyMEs que buscan mejorar con el fin de mantenerse competitivas y permanecer en el mercado actual. El objetivo general planteado para el proyecto de investigación es proponer un marco de trabajo para gestionar el conocimiento en los procesos de desarrollo de software de MiPyMEs y considerar éste marco de trabajo para crear herramientas conceptuales y computacionales que apoyen el mejoramiento de los procesos de desarrollo de software. Como herramienta computacional se propone un portal web de gestión del conocimiento que permita: mejorar el time to attend. (i.e., el tiempo en que tarda en asignarse a una persona un error encontrado), el time to solve (i.e., el tiempo que tarda en darse una solución efectiva al problema) y el time to learn (i.e., tiempo que se gasta en aprender una nueva funcionalidad). Este portal también es una fuente de motivación para que las personas puedan aprender y compartir el conocimiento, mejorar la calidad de la información encontrada para la toma de decisiones, el seguimiento del proceso de desarrollo de software implementado o adaptado por la empresa, el mejoramiento de la calidad del producto terminado y finalmente la mejora en la gestión del activo intangible para que se pueda clasificar y distribuir el conocimiento adquirido. Como herramienta conceptual el portal web cuenta con procesos ejemplo como lo son SCRUM, XP y Open Up, los cuales son proceso base que ya están predefinidos como plantillas donde las empresas que ingresan al portal a consultar la base de conocimiento pueden consultar estos procesos y adaptarlos a sus procesos propios de acuerdo a las labores diarias que realiza la empresa en el desarrollo del producto de software, así puede adicionar o eliminar etapas que no ve necesarias incluir dentro de su proceso.
Evaluación de reglas de prioridad para la programación de cirugías en ambientes con limitada disponibilidad de recursos
Authors: Saavedra Moreno Carolina , Castaño Fabián
Published: July 2024

En este artículo se evalúan diferentes estrategias para la programación de cirugías mediante el uso de simulación de eventos discretos. El objetivo es determinar la pertinencia de su uso en una institución de salud con fuertes limitaciones en su disponibilidad de personal especializado. Se propone la adopciónde bloques operatorios para la programación de las cirugías con mayor demanda y se demuestra que su uso puede mejorar notoriamente la oportunidad de atención si se combina con la regla de prioridad adecuada. Los resultados parecen indicar que las mejoras ocurren gracias a que se reduce el efecto de las, a vecesdifíciles, tareas de sincronización de las actividades de los médicos y la disponibilidad de las salas.
Caracterización del diseño y desarrollo de productos en Colombia. Una referencia para industria y academia
Authors: Pérez Tristancho Carlos Andrés , Cárdenas Zabala Nubia Edith
Published: July 2024

El artículo presenta la caracterización del diseño y desarrollo de productos en algunos departamentos de ingeniería de empresas representativas de la industria Colombiana. La metodología incluyó revisión documental, diseño de un instrumento de información, validación por parte de expertos,prueba piloto, aplicación formal del instrumento, y el procesamiento y análisis de información. Los resultados muestran una caracterización referente para otras industrias e incluyen un análisis enfocado en la enseñanza del diseño, por lo que proporcionan información relevante para los procesos de renovación curricular, en la medida en que las recomendaciones propuestas sean consideradas y adoptadas en los currículos deingeniería.
Graphical interface development for the position control of a 3RRR planar parallel manipulator
Authors: Burbano Castillo Luis Carlos , Trullo Daza Roger Peregrino , Daraviña Peña Giancarlo , Quintero Riaza Héctor Fabio
Published: July 2024

This paper presents the development of a graphical
interface implemented in a 3-RRR planar parallel manipulator.
The graphical interface allows the control, in open loop, of the
position of the manipulator, allowing to locate in the plane the end
actuator and define its pose. The graphical interface allows the
visualization of variables such as angular position, torque, voltage
of the servomotors that drive the input links. The theoretical and
real comparison of the angular displacement and the torque in the
motors during the chosen path is shown, obtaining very close
results between both.
Ohmic heater for extracting essential oils from aromatic plants
Authors: Valderrama Gutierrez Freddy Fernando
Published: July 2024

Ohmic heating technology (OH) promises to be an efficient alternative compared to the classic processes of heat transfer. OH is characterized by rapid and uniform heating, which makes it an appropriate technology for the food industry. This paper shows the design and construction of an ohmic heating chamber for methodological purposes, and used for the extraction of essential oils from aromatic plants; the design restrictions are mainly electrical and geometric. The main design constraints are extraction power and volumetric capacity. Two geometries are proposed and analyzed in order to design the heating chamber, only the axial electric field geometry achieves the requirements. Finally, the results of an essential oil extraction experiment are reported, in order to verify the performance of the built chamber.
Stochastic petri nets in the impact of the capacity in the service in mass-produced restaurants
Authors: Orejuela Cabrera Juan Pablo
Published: July 2024

in the present paper, a methodology based on stochastic petri nets is proposed to measure the impact caused by the capacity constraints of productive factors on the level of service in mass-produced restaurants. The system under study is identified and a discrete simulation model based on Stochastic Petri Nets is developed, which considers the most representative components and characteristics of the system and the interrelations between them. The test is performed in a restaurant that serves more than 4,500 lunches on day, where the impact of the production and service stages can be identified and the most critical and its effects were characterized.
Using multi-criteria decision-making for selecting a smart metering infrastructure
Authors: Echeverri Martinez Ricardo Andres , Osorio Gómez Juan Carlos , Echeverry Ibarra Diego Fernando , Lozano Moncada Carlos Arturo
Published: July 2024

In this research a methodology based on multi-criteria
decision analysis for the evaluation and selection of
infrastructure energy smart metering in the Colombian context
is presented. The selection process of these measurement
infrastructures covers additional technical and financial criteria,
becoming a complex problem. The methodology used in this
work is the technique called Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)
that considers seven assessment criteria (Technology, Finance,
Environmental, Regulatory, Political, Infrastructure and SocioCultural).
Of these assessment criteria, emerge 25 sub-criteria,
which are integrated in a hierarchical structure to evaluate three
energy smart metering alternatives. Nine experts were consulted
to obtain the results. The results show the versatility of AHP
method for making complex decisions with respect to the
implementation of energy smart metering infrastructure, and
provide a useful guide for assessing Smart Grid projects through
multi-criteria analysis
ACROM. A Tool for analysis of chromatic light curves from CoRoT
Authors: Dorado Daza Derian Jesus
Published: July 2024

This work presents a first version of Acrom; a set of scripts written in python language for the analysis of exoplanet light curves registered in different colors by the CoRoT satellite. It contains functionalities for filtering, detrending, phase diagram and plotting.

This work proposes a particular case of convolution to deal with the long-term trend of light curves; framed in general procedure described step by step.

This tool has been tested in the analysis of this light curves with the purpose of exploring the achromatic nature of the planets discovered in this survey. The results obtained during the analysis of the chromatic light curves of some CoRoT exoplanets are presented in the respective section. These results allowed to verify the achromatic behavior of the planetary transits.
Evolution and conduct of the meander “curva el conejo” of magdalena river in the Dorada-Caldas zone
Authors: Castañeda Jorge Abel , Osorio Jose Henry
Published: July 2024

A multitemporal analysis of the Magdalena River was carried out in the Municipality from La Dorada-Caldas, to obtain a basic model of the evolution of the channel of this drainage in the El Conejo curve. A historical count was made between the years 1924 and 2016, using tools S.I.G. The Magdalena River in the curve El Conejo of this locality, has undergone an abrupt behavior of approximately 1540 meters; Atypical in the evolution of its channel, evidenced mainly in a period between the years 1952 and 1962.
Some estimates in Lp (Г) for maximal commutator and commutator of maximal function
Authors: Türkay Merve , Mursaleen Mohammad
Published: July 2024

In this article, maximal commutators and commutators of maximal function
through bounded mean oscillation functions in Lp (?) space examined. New
point estimates for these operators have been proven.
Extremal reformulated forgotten index of trees, unicyclic and bicyclic graphs
Authors: Sarkar Ishita , Nanjappa Manjunath , Gutman Ivan
Published: July 2024

The reformulated forgotten index (RF) is the edge version of the ordinary
forgotten index. We describe graph transformations, by means of which RF
increases or decreases. Using these transformations, the trees, unicyclic,
and bicyclic graphs extremal w.r.t. RF are characterized.
Construction of fractional framelets in L2(R)
Authors: Ahmad Owais , Wani Abid , Jalal Tanweer , Ali Sohrab
Published: July 2024

Framelets generalize orthogonal wavelets by adding the desired properties of
redundancy in their systems and flexibility in their construction. These
extra features greatly improve their performance over orthogonal wavelets in
applications such as image denoising and data processing. The main objective
of this paper is to study fractional framelets associted with the fractional
refinable functions that are obtained via unitary extension principles.
Furthermore all the possible solutions of the matrix equations that arise in
the study are obtained. Towards the end it is shown that the problem of
extension has always a solution with two fractional framelets.
Discrete Rubio De Francia extrapolation theorems in the theory of Bp−discrete weights
Authors: Saker Samir , Agarwal Ravi
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we will prove some discrete Rubio De Francia extrapolation
theorems for nonincreasing sequences in the setting of the discrete
Bp-weights. We also present some extensions to the discrete B?-weights. The
proof of the results based on the boundedness of the discrete Hardy operator
and the self-improving property of the discrete Bp weights. To the best of
the authors? knowledge the discrete extrapolation theorems in connection
with Bp?weights are essentially new.
Isomorphism between L-valued tree transition systems and upper semilattice
Authors: Abolpour Kh. , Zahedi M.M. , Shamsizadeh M.
Published: July 2024

This study aims to investigate the characterization of algebraic concepts of
subsystem, retrievability and connectivity of an L-valued tree transition
system based on its related layers. It also seeks to associate upper
semilattices with L-valued tree transition systems. Further, a decomposition
of an L-valued tree transition system is provided in terms of its layers. In
addition, it proposes a construction of an Lvalued tree transition system
which corresponds to a given finite poset. Then an isomorphism is
established between the poset of class of subsystem of an L-valued tree
transition system and an upper semilattice.
Characterization of peltate trichomes of commercially important Lamiaceae species grown in Serbia
Authors: Alimpic-Aradski Ana , Jankovic Smiljana , Pljevljakusic Dejan , Savikin Katarina , Duletic-Lausevic Sonja , Marin Petar
Published: July 2024

Peltate trichomes have been the focus of botanical research for decades as
the main secretory structures responsible for the production of essential
oil and other specialized metabolites. For this study, samples of the plant
material were obtained from the collection of the Institute for Medicinal
Plant Research ?Dr. Josif Pancic?. This study was conducted to perform
morphological characterization, determination of the diameter and analysis
of the distribution of peltate trichomes on leaves and calyces of selected
commercial Lamiaceae species. In addition, the density of peltate trichomes
on the leaves was determined. The analyses were carried out using a
stereomicroscope and a scanning electron microscope. The leaves of all plant
species bear peltate trichomes on the adaxial and abaxial leaf sides, with
the highest density observed in Origanum heracleoticum (24.3 and 17.4 per
mm2, re?spectively). Density was generally higher on the adaxial surface,
with the exception of Mentha ? piperita (higher density on the abaxial side)
and Satureja montana (equal density on both leaf sides). The largest
diameter of peltate trichomes was observed in leaves and calyces of S.
montana (88.79 ?m and 90.57 ?m, respectively), while the smallest diameter
was noticed in Origanum vulgare (about 65.00 ?m). The plant species studied
differ in appearance, diameter, distribution and density of the peltate
trichomes. The results obtained indicate that micromorphological features
could be valid parameters for the microscopic authentication of aromatic
plants of which the representatives of the Lamiaceae are of par?ticular
commercial importance.
Cadmium and lead in European eels from the river Segura (southeast Spain)
Authors: Salvat-Leal Inma , Verdiell David , Parrondo Paz , Barcala Elena , Muñoz Pilar , Romero Diego
Published: July 2024

European eel (Anguilla anguilla) populations have suffered a sharp range retraction (90–99%) over the past 40 years. However, in recent years this fish has been detected again in the river Segura (Spain), in both the main river and in channels such as the irrigation canals and ditches that drain the Huerta de Murcia. Even though the water quality of these habitats has improved, there are no data on heavy metal concentrations in eels from these areas. Therefore, in this study Pb and Cd concentrations were measured in the blood, liver and muscles of eels from three different habitats: the river (n=23), canals (n=13) and drainage ditches (n=9). Lead was found in more specimens than Cd, while both Pb and Cd concentrations were low, being similar or even lower than in non-polluted zones. Although significant statistical differences were found in liver concentrations between river and canal eels, there was no overall pattern to the findings for these two elements in eel body dynamics.
Assessing the Long-Term Health Impact and Evolving Needs of the Zaatari Refugee Camp Population
Authors: Daabiss Mohamed A
Published: July 2024

Background: The global refugee population exceeds 20 million individuals, and the Al Zaatari refugee camp in Jordan houses approximately 329,811 refugees. Still, limited research has been conducted on the health trends and management of chronic pain among refugees in Jordan. This study aimed to explore the health trends and utilization of pain medicine services among refugees. Material & Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Al Zaatari camp, targeting refugees who reported experiencing pain and were referred to the chronic pain management clinic at the King Salman Relief and Humanitarian Center (KSrelief) in Jordan in July 2023. The data collected included the refugees’ age, gender, pain complaints, prescribed medications, and the frequency of treatment visits. Results: The study involved 145 refugees, with a mean age of 50.11 (15.45) years. The most common pain complaints were back pain (31.2%), knee pain (30.5%), and followed by shoulder pain (13.9%). The most frequently prescribed medications were paracetamol (85.5%), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (75.9%), and ultrasound-guided steroid injections (75.9%). Conclusion: Knee and back pain were the most prevalent complaints among the refugees in the Al Zaatari camp. It is crucial to provide these refugees with comprehensive healthcare services, including specialized care for chronic pain.
Exploring Self-Medication Practices and Perceptions in Hail City: A Comprehensive Survey Study
Authors: AA Alhur
Published: July 2024

This comprehensive survey study explores self-medication practices and perceptions among 1,145 residents of Hail City, Saudi Arabia, contextualizing these behaviors within the broader spectrum of global self-medication trends. Utilizing a detailed cross-sectional survey methodology, the research aims to elucidate the prevalence, driving factors, and community attitudes towards self-medication, taking into account variables such as healthcare accessibility, cultural norms, economic conditions, and the availability of over-the-counter medications. Demographic analysis of the participant pool, comprising 732 females (63.9%) and 413 males (36.1%), highlights a female predominance and significant representation of middle-aged adults (35 - 44 years) in self-medication practices, suggesting specific demographic influences on these behaviors. Findings indicate a prevalent yet cautious approach to self-medication among the community, with a notable preference for over-the-counter drugs by 59.4% of participants. However, a considerable 40.6% also resort to prescription drugs for self-medication, raising concerns about the potential risks associated with unsupervised medication use. Perceptions of self-medication within the community are largely negative, with 83.8% viewing it as unsafe and 90.4% advocating for stricter regulations. This underscores a strong community consensus on the need for increased public awareness and education regarding the risks of self-medication. Furthermore, 51.1% of participants reported seeking professional medical advice post-self-medication, indicating a proactive approach to validating self-care practices. Advanced statistical analyses, including correlation analysis, Chi-Square tests, and logistic regression, provide deeper insights into the interrelations among studied variables, revealing significant associations between demographic factors and selfmedication practices. These findings underscore the imperative for multifaceted public health strategies to address the complexities of self-medication practices and to promote safe medication practices across the board.
A Pharmacological Explore on Traditional Medicine: Phytochemicals and Therapeutic Effect of Tamarindus Indica Linn
Authors: SM Shrigiriwar
Published: July 2024

Nowadays people are fascinated by the oldest remedies and trying to cure themselves naturally without havingany side effects. These herbs and crude drugs are full of phytochemicals that give therapeutic effects. These herbaldrugs are widely used to treat various diseases. According to the botanical survey of India, about 8000 plus+ species of medicinal herbs. India has a rich history of the traditional healing system. Globally, India and China lead the herb market. Herbal formulations have therapeutic effects for several diseases. These herbal formulations have a great impact on our system and are safe to use. These herbs have medicinal properties with the least side effect. Tamarindus Indica Linn ordinarily known as Tamarind. This tree comes in the category of legumes. The tree has elongated fruit that has seeds inside it. The fruit is sour in taste. The fruit and seeds are widely used. It has therapeutic value and is beneficial for health. It is rich in minerals and vitamins. Leaves and flowers are also used. Tamarind is traditionally used and various phytochemicals are present in it. Tamarind is commercially used inthe production of candies, also stored for future use. It is also used to enhance the taste and flavor. In tamarind, various phytochemicals are present like tartaric acid, vitamin C, and tannins. Tamarind has multiple uses; it is cultivated around the world in tropical and subtropical regions with medium-growth tree heights up to 80 feet green leaves are organized side by side alternately. Fruits are elongated and have seeds. The plant has nutritious and therapeutic value.
Bioavailability and Pharmacological Properties of Medicinal Herbs and Their Bioactive Compounds Grown in Himalayan Region: A Review
Authors: Bhat Farhan Mohiuddin
Published: July 2024

The used of medicinal plants in traditional health care systems has been in practices from centuries ago and numerous cultures throughout the globe still rely on plants for their primary health care. Himachal Pradesh is considered to harbour an enormous diversity of herbs that possess medicinal value. These highly valuable medicinal herbs have been used in traditional health care systems in the form of ayurvedic and unani medicines. The role of these traditional herbs in supplementing their diverse uses in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and perfumery opens up new avenues for higher level of gains to farmers with a significant scope for boosting rural economy. The Increasing demand of these herbs and their products by consumers could be attributed to rising awareness about the side effects of synthetic drugs along with their soaring prices. The observations by scientists revealed that Himachal Pradesh could excel in herbal medicine if these resources are exploited properly and effectively and thus could become the super power in near future in this herbal derived valuable product.
Essentially Comparative Prioritarianism
Authors: Y Benbaji
Published: July 2024

Prioritarianism says that benefitting people matters more the worse off those people are. This essay resolves a puzzle that threatens this view. The puzzle emerges from the phenomenon that Ruth Chang calls “parity”. The solution I advance construes prioritarianism as an essentially comparative view.
University Students: Preferences for Counseling Methods
Authors: Fisse Jared , Meldrum Helen
Published: July 2024

The mental health of university students has become an important concern escalated by pandemic-related stresses and insights into effective therapy for this population is needed.  Participants (n 389) completed a survey indicating preferences regarding seeing a therapist employing methods reflecting one of three established schools of thought: psychoanalytic, person-centered, or cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Analysis of results indicated that the CBT approach was the most popular method. However, when participants reacted to hypothetical dilemmas, there was evidence of some departure from the method students selected as their original preference. The CBT approach was more persistently chosen by participants who indicated an initial preference for that method. Demographic differences are reported.  Commentary is offered on why college-aged participants might vary in their preferences for treatment styles and why so many maintain a propensity for CBT.
PEMANFAATAN INSENTIF PAJAK DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 PADA USAHA MIKRO KECIL DAN MENENGAH
Authors: Rio Widya Andasari
Published: July 2024

Pemanfaatan insentif pajak di masa pandemi Covid-19 pada usaha mikro kecil dan menengah di media online shop di media sosial Kota Ternate. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis pemanfaatan insentif pajak UMKM di Kota Ternate di masa pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Jumlah informan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak empat UMKM yang ada di Kota Ternate. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik pengujian data menggunakan trianggulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam pemanfaatan insentif pajak terdapat beberapa kendala yang memungkinkan UMKM Kota Ternate tidak dapat memanfaatkan insentif pajak PPh final ditanggung pemerintah. Namun dengan adanya pendorong UMKM Kota Ternate tetap memanfaatkan insentif pajak di masa pandemi dan perspektif UMKM menunjukkan bahwa dalam pemanfaatan insentif pajak dapat mengurangi beban pajak di masa pandemi, dapat menjaga keberlangsungan usaha, dan terdapat UMKM yang kurang tertarik dengan adanya insentif pajak, serta kurang efektif dalam mempertahankan usaha.
Integral evaluation of unconventional reservoir properties from multi-scale imaging and analysis
Authors: Rios Carlos , Villarreal-Jaimes Carlos Alberto , Meza-Ortíz Jorge Arley
Published: July 2024

Since the production of conventional oil and gas is declining while costs are increasing, in recent years focus of interest directed toward unconventional reservoirs. The integral evaluation of unconventional reservoirs is based on multi-scale imaging and analysis, which includes X-ray Computed Tomography, X-ray Micro-Computed Tomography, Quantitative Evaluation of Minerals by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Focused Ion Beam Scanning Electron Microscopy, which can be integrated each other to provide a dataset that can assist in understanding the rock properties and can be used for understanding the rock properties based on their integral evaluation to improve reserves estimates and production efficiency, and mitigate all the associated risks. In this work, we highlight a mineralogy workflow for integral evaluation of unconventional reservoirs, involves imaging and analysis of unconventional rocks like tight sandstones, carbonates and shales, to study effects of clay, minerals and diagenetic processes and to carry out fast and accurate computations of rock properties, such as porosity and pore geometry (pore size, connectivity and distributions), absolute and relative permeability, fracture network, and flow simulations.
Contributorship Collaboration: Translating the CrediT taxonomy into Russian
Authors: Kochetkov D. M. , Popova N. G. , Kochetkova I. A.
Published: July 2024

CRediT is a high-level taxonomy with 14 roles to describe author participation in scientific research. Although this taxonomy is used by thousands of journals around the world, it is currently available only in the English language. Volunteers from around the world have joined their efforts to make CRediT a multi-lingual instrument. The intention is to create not only human-readable, but also machine-readable translations that could be integrated into various systems (e.g., digital editorial offices). In this paper, we describe the process and outcome of translating the CRediT taxonomy into the Russian language. We note some flaws in the description of individual roles in the original language, which created additional translation difficulties. The question is raised about the necessity of describing the types of author participation in cases where the study is carried out by one researcher.
Hepatotoxicity and Nephrotoxicity Provoked by an Anti-Androgen Drug (Bicalutamide) in Rat
Authors:   Biology department, College of Science Salahaddin University, Abdulrahman Azheen , Mustafa Inaam ,   Biology department, College of Science Salahaddin University
Published: July 2024

Abstract—Bicalutamide (Casodex) is prescribed for the management of prostate metastatic carcinoma. The current investigation was designed to evaluate the physiological and histological impact of bicalutamide on the liver and kidney of rats. Twelve male albino rats were divided randomly into two groups. The first group represents the control and received 1ml of distilled water. The second group received bicalutamide (0.8mg/kg body weight/day) by gavage for six weeks. After the experiment wraps up, histological, biochemical and physiological evaluation of BCT treatment was achieved. Unpaired T-test was used by using GraphPad Prism to compare two groups of the current investigation. With respect to the liver, certain histological alterations such as congestion of blood vessels, appearance of infiltrated inflammatory leucocytes, degenerated hepatocytes and fatty changes following BCT treatment were detected. The BCT treated rats showed significantly increase of serum alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase compared with control rats. Bicalutamide showed certain nephrotoxic features such as shrunk of glomeruli tuft, congestion of some blood vessels and dilatation of kidney tubules. Immunohistochemical technique applied for demonstration of p53, apoptosis was the main mode of cell death of renal tubule cells in the BCT group. In conclusion, bicalutamide administration caused numerous biochemicals, histological and immunological changes in rat liver and kidneys.
Erbil City Food-Handler Entamoeba Histolytica Investigation
Authors:   College of Health Sciences, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq, Al-Daoody Ahmed , Ali Fattma ,   College of Health Sciences, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq, Sulaiman Jihad ,   College of Dentistry, Hawler Medical University,Erbil, Iraq, Hussen Bashdar ,   Department of Clinical Analysis, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical university, Kurdistan Region, Erbil, Iraq, Khalid Gashbin ,   College of Health Sciences, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq, Awlla Avan ,   College of Health Sciences, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq, Aziz Rayan ,   College of Health Sciences, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq, Hassan Asaad Zhyan ,   College of Health Sciences, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
Published: July 2024

The intestinal parasite of Entamoeba histolytica is a major contributor to the global prevalence of amoebiasis. Although diagnostic tools for parasite illnesses have significantly advanced and there is ongoing knowledge about their treatment and management, resulting in a noticeable decrease in the prevalence of these diseases in some affluent and industrialised nations. Nevertheless, parasitic illnesses of many kinds persist as a significant health issue in several nations. Detection of Entamoeba histolytica was done by macroscopically and microscopically. The stool samples should be assessed visually using macroscopic examination by naked eyes Regarding colour, forms of stool, odor, white blood cells (pus), blood and presence of mucus in stool samples. Microscopic examination was done by using direct smear with either normal saline or iodine wet mount. The purpose of this research was to examine the prevalence and risk of Entamoeba histolytica infection among food workers in the city of Erbil. Out of (23600) samples examined, 845 (3.6%) were positive by using direct wet mount examination, the parasitic species found in the fecal sample were Entamoeba histolytica (3.6%), Giardia lamblia (1.1%). The incidence rate of parasite infection among men (3.8%) was greater compared to females (2.5%) with a statistically significant difference. According to months the result showed no significant difference, but in March the infection rate reached its peak (5%) and The minimum rate was seen in July (1.9%). According to age group the result showed no significant difference, but the highest distribution was observed in the age (16-25) (5.5%) followed by age (46-55) (3.3%), while the lowest distribution was observed in the age (36-45) (2.6%). According to our study throughout the year, Entamoeba histolytica has the highest rate followed by Giardia lamblia with male being more commonly infected.
Lack of Memory in Medical Students: A Narrative Review
Authors:   Department of Pediatric, College of Medicine, University of Diyala, 32001, Diyala, Iraq, Alezzi Jalil , Al Ezzi Saad ,   Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Diyala, 32001, Diyala, Iraq, ALAMDAR Suzan ,   Raparin Teaching Hospital, Erbil, Iraq, Abbas Muhamed ,   College of Pharmacy, Cihan University-Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Published: July 2024

Abstract— Medical students are subjected to great challenges to memorize vast amounts of medical information. This review aims to discuss the concept of memorization in medical education, identifying contributing factors, and offering solutions for improving memorization. Performing keyword searches in databases such as Medline, CINAHL, ISI, and IBSS entails selecting terms pertinent to medical education. These terms encompass “memory”, "medical education," "curriculum development," "teaching methodologies," "evaluation approaches," "student learning," and associated keywords. Medical students encounter challenges in retaining large volumes of data due to factors like information overload, teaching methods, interruptions, sleep deprivation, inadequate nutrition, and mental health concerns. Implementing effective study strategies such as active learning, spaced repetition, mnemonic devices, and self-care can help improve memory retention and enrich the learning process for medical students.
PENERAPAN MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) PADA PEMBELAJARAN TEMATIK TERPADU DI KELAS V SD NEGERI 78 PALEMBANG
Authors: Megalia Dewi , Chairunnisya Fetri , Hudaidah Hudaidah , Meilanda Indah , Rudiansyah Rudiansyah
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini membahas tentang penerapan Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) sebagai solusi untuk meningkatkan pembelajaran tematik di SD Negeri 78 Palembang. PBL menekankan pemecahan masalah dunia nyata, mendorong keterlibatan aktif, dan pengembangan pemikiran kritis siswa.Peneliti menemukan permasalahan dimana pembelajaran yang dilaksanakan di kelas V SD Negeri 78 palembang  masih terkesan monoton dan konvensional sehingga peserta didik mempunyai motivasi dan semangat belajar yang rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang ditemukan peneliti tersebut, yaitu guna meningkatkan motivasi dan semangat dalam belajar. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan kajian literatur, observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pembacaan literatur dari sumber jurnal, observasi langsung, dan wawancara dengan guru kelas V SD Negeri 78 Palembang. Penerapan PBL efektif dalam pembelajaran tematik terpadu karena melatih keterampilan siswa dalam memecahkan masalah nyata dan meningkatkan motivasi belajar. Evaluasi hasil belajar menunjukkan variasi nilai siswa, menunjukkan tingkat pemahaman yang berbeda-beda. Beberapa siswa menunjukkan pemahaman yang baik sementara yang lain memperoleh nilai lebih rendah. Model PBL berhasil meningkatkan efektivitas pembelajaran tematik di kelas V SD Negeri 78 Palembang. Penelitian ini menggarisbawahi pentingnya keterlibatan aktif siswa dalam proses pembelajaran dan peran guru sebagai fasilitator. Model PBL dapat menjadi solusi untuk membuat pembelajaran lebih menarik, meningkatkan pemahaman siswa, dan mendorong pemikiran kritis.
DESAIN PRAKTIKUM BERBASIS PROBLEM SOLVING DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPA DI SEKOLAH DASAR UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERKOMUNIKASI ILMIAH MAHASISWA
Authors: Manurung Imelda Free Unita , Rozi Fahrur , Perangin angin Laurensia Masri
Published: July 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan pembelajaran IPA di Sekolah Dasar melalui kegiatan praktikum yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa calon guru dengan mendesain praktikum berbasis problem solving. Melalui praktikum diharapkan mahasiswa mampu untuk menerapkannya nantinya di Sekolah Dasar pada pembelajaran IPA. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini yaitu diperoleh adanya peningkatan keterampilan berkomunikasi ilmiah mahasiswa berdasarkan hasil analisis menggunakan angket. Adapun indikator yang digunakan untuk mengetahui keterampilan berkomunikasi tersebut yaitu mencari informasi, scientific reading, mendengar dan pengamatan ilmiah, serta scientific writing. Melalui penerapan praktikum problem solving diperoleh hasil yaitu 29,4 % mahasiswa sudah baik dalam melakukan komunikasi pada saat proses praktikum, selanjutnya 64,7 % pada saat pelaksanaan mahasiswa sudah cukup baik berkomunikasi terkait dengan solusi yang akan diberikan dalam memecahkan permasalahan dalam kegiatan praktikum, sedangan 5,9 % mahasiswa masih perlu bimbingan dalam melakukan praktikum, sebab masih ada beberapa yang sulit berkomunikasi secara lisan dan berkolaborasi dalam kelompok.
Model of the process of generating a scenarios catalog for analyzing and assessing the functional safety of automated driving systems
Authors: Fomin Igor' Nikolaevich
Published: July 2024

In the development of highly automated and unmanned vehicles, the auto industry is faced with a new set of problems associated with the need to standardize elements of automated driving systems and determine the rules for their testing and certification. Due to the acceleration of scientific and technological progress and the development of new technologies, previously used standards began to become obsolete as the practice of their application accumulated, and sometimes even before the approval of a particular technical regulation. In these conditions, a promising technical and legal solution may be the use of fuzzy logic in tools for aggregation and management of expert knowledge in the processes of certification and testing of highly automated vehicles and elements of their automated control systems. Fuzzy decision-making models use typical fuzzy situations that form catalogs of scenarios for testing vehicles and their systems. In this way, an expert system knowledge base can be formed in which knowledge engineers apply a set of test scenario or experiment parameters for testing and simulation. Determining the parameters of a new scenario, their similarity with previously formalized scenarios and the decision to include a particular scenario in the scenario catalog remains with the experts. The approaches used at the present stage to the formalization of expert knowledge are not acceptable for creating knowledge bases controlled by big data management systems or artificial neural networks, which are in the near future in the development of expert systems. The article proposes a method by which a knowledge engineer administering an expert system can automate the creation of a catalog of “fuzzy” test scenarios and simulation modeling of systems, by automatically searching for the maximum value of the states of these systems belonging to maps and catalogs of scenarios, with a probability specified by the expert, with using machine learning methods.