bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Climate change mitigation technologies detection and evaluation: case of buildings
Authors: Usta Ahmet Tarık , Gök Mehmet Şahin
Published: August 2022

Purpose

The building and construction industry has a significant potential to reduce adverse climate change effects. There are plans to improve the natural resource use and greenhouse gas emissions caused by the buildings by choosing energy-efficient technologies, renewable energy sources and sustainable architectural and constructional elements. This study systematically reviews the patent data for climate change mitigation technologies related to buildings, aiming to detect their relative importance and evaluate each technology in the Y02B network.

Design/methodology/approach

The applied approach covers the process of (1) selecting high-impact technology, (2) collecting patent data from the USPTO database, (3) creating a citation frequency matrix using cooperative patent classification codes, (4) linking high-impact patents with analytical network process method, (5) limiting centrality of identifying core technologies from indicators and (6) creating a technology network map with social network analysis.

Findings

The study results show that energy-saving control techniques, energy-efficient lighting devices, end-user electricity consumption, management technologies and systems that convert solar energy into electrical energy are core solutions that reduce the effects of climate change. In addition, solutions that will support core technologies and whose effects are expected to increase in the coming years are energy-efficient heating, ventilating and air conditioning systems, smart grid integration, hybrid renewable energy systems, fuel cells, free cooling and heat recovery units and glazing technologies.

Originality/value

Most of the studies on patent analysis have failed to demonstrate any convincing evidence down to the lowest component groups of an entire technology network. The applied approach considers and evaluates each component included in a technology network from a holistic perspective.
Investigation of the effect of AWJ drilling parameters for delamination factor and surface roughness on GFRP composite material
Authors: Altin Karataş Meltem , Gökkaya Hasan , Akincioğlu Sıtkı , Biberci Mehmet Ali
Published: August 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to optimize processing parameters to get the smallest average surface roughness (Ra) and delamination damage (Fd) values during drilling via abrasive water jet (AWJ) of the glass fiber-reinforced polymer composite material produced at [0°/90°]s fiber orientation angles.

Design/methodology/approach

Drilling experiments were done via AWJ with three-axis computer numerical control (CNC) control system. Machine processing parameters such as water pressure of 3,600, 4,300, 4,800 and 5,300 bar; stand-off distance of 1, 2, 3 and 4 mm; traverse rate of 750, 1,500, 2,000 and 3,000 mm/min; and hole diameters of 8, 10, 12 and 14 mm have been selected. The effects of processing parameters in drilling experiments were investigated in conformity with the Taguchi L16 orthogonal array and the data obtained were analyzed using Minitab 17 software. The signal/noise (S/N) ratio was taken as a basis for evaluating the test results. Optimum processing conditions were determined by calculating the S/N ratio for both Ra and Fd in conformity with the “smaller is better” approximation. The effects of processing parameters on Ra and Fd were statistically investigated using analysis of variance, S/N ratio and Taguchi-based gray relational analysis. Ra and Fd were predicted by evaluating with the ANN model and were predicted with the least amount of error.

Findings

It has been determined that the most effective parameter for Ra and Fd is the water pressure and then the stand-off distance.

Originality/value

The novel approach is to reduce cost and the time spent by using Taguchi optimization as a result of AWJ drilling the material in this fiber orientation [0°/90°]s.
Helping as an opportunity and risk: an alternative side to gratitude in co-worker dyads
Authors: Harrison Jennifer A. , Budworth Marie-Hélène , Stone Thomas H.
Published: August 2022

Purpose

As workplaces and relationships evolve with increasing complexity, co-worker dynamics have become a key concern for HR managers and scholars. An important yet overlooked aspect of co-worker dynamics is gratitude. This paper adopts a relationship-specific conceptualization of gratitude and explores its influence on prosocial behaviors within co-worker dyads. The proposed model also suggests structural-relational factors under which these relationships are affected.

Design/methodology/approach

The conceptual paper draws insights from personal relationships to consider an alternative side of gratitude’s prosocial action tendencies, thereby highlighting two: risk-oriented and opportunity-oriented. These assumptions are then situated within the affect theory of social exchange to predict gratitude’s influence on prosocial behaviors within co-worker dyads.

Findings

The proposed model illuminates the importance of studying relationship-specific gratitude within co-worker relations by illustrating its effects on two types of prosocial action tendencies – opportunity-oriented and risk-oriented and varying prosocial behaviors (from convergent to divergent). Structural-relational factors, such as positional and physical distance between co-workers, are considered to affect these relationships.

Originality/value

While the study of gratitude in the workplace is emerging, little research has examined its influence on the nature of prosocial behaviors within co-worker relations. This paper advances the notion that gratitude serves an adaptive function in co-worker dyads, thereby highlighting the risk-oriented and opportunity-oriented continuum, and its implications for the type and scope of prosocial behaviors exchanged.
The impact of institutional distance in export management: insights from Peruvian agro-exporting SMEs
Authors: Malca Oscar , Rubio Donet Jorge Luis , Marcilla-Vigo Miguel , Acedo Francisco J.
Published: August 2022

Purpose

This study aims to analyse the joint impact of institutional distance (ID) and the generation of commercial intelligence (GCI) on export proactivity and coordination capacity, as well as the effect of these last ones on the export performance.

Design/methodology/approach

This analysis was carried out by using structural equation modelling for 89 Peruvian agro-exporting small and medium enterprises (SMEs).

Findings

This study demonstrates the positive impact of relational norms on intelligence generation, and that of the latter on coordination capacity and export proactivity. Likewise, ID has a negative impact on coordination capacity, revealing its inverse effect on this relationship.

Research limitations/implications

The paper has limitations due to its cross-sectional nature. In addition, future studies could increase the sample size and studies in other sectors for comparison purposes. Also, studies on ID in emerging countries should be deepened.

Practical implications

Managerial implications are reported and show the influence of the institutional context on the coordination capacity and export proactivity of the firm.

Originality/value

In the literature review on exporting SMEs in emerging countries, it has been little studied the impact of activities such as relationship management and ID from markets as antecedents to the GCI, export proactivity and coordination capacity as well as their effect on their export performance. Therefore, the originality relies on the insights provided by Peru, because this country bases its exports on its comparative advantages and the reactive behaviour of most of its small and medium enterprises (SMEs).
Towards a co-creation approach in the European Interoperability Framework
Authors: Casiano Flores Cesar , Rodriguez Müller A. Paula , Virkar Shefali , Temple Lucy , Steen Trui , Crompvoets Joep
Published: August 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to propose an enhanced conceptual model for the integrated public service (IPS) functionality of the European interoperability framework (EIF). The enhanced model incorporates co-creation within the three stages of the IPS cycle. While co-creation can provide innovative routes to overcome interoperability challenges, how co-creation can be a part of the EIF has not been tackled before (Casiano Flores, et al., 2021).

Design/methodology/approach

A preferred Reporting Items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses scoping literature review was used to develop the model and identify decisive aspects of co-creation, service users and service providers. Next, a purposive snowball sampling of grey literature comprising primarily of official documentation produced by the European Union was then undertaken to further inform the central argument. Finally, the subsequent validation of the model and derived conclusions was undertaken both internally and externally by peers and experts.

Findings

Relationships between key sets of actors during co-creation are bi-directional. Furthermore, different sets of actors are, in turn, service providers and service users depending on the service provided and the stage in the public service cycle under consideration. Understanding these bi-directional interrelationships can help improve public services provided by governmental actors through collaboration with users.

Originality/value

Most public service delivery models see relationships between key stakeholders as unidirectional and one-dimensional. By contrast, this study proposes a shift in paradigm where IPS users are not passive actors and mere consumers of services but instead are key stakeholders actively participating in IPS provision.
Capturing the month of the year effect in the Indian stock market using GARCH models
Authors: Acharya Pramath Nath , Kaliyaperumal Srinivasan , Mahapatra Rudra Prasanna
Published: August 2022

Purpose

In the research of stock market efficiency, it is argued that the stock market moves randomly and absorbs all the available information. As a result, it is quite impossible to make predictions about the possible future movement by the investors. But literatures have detected certain calendar anomalies where a day(s) in a week or month(s) in a year or a particular event in a year becomes conducive for investors to earn more than the normal. Hence, the purpose of this study is to find out the month of the year effect in the Indian stock market.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, daily time series data of Sensex and Nifty from 1996 to 2021 is used. The study uses month dummies to capture the effect. Different variants of generalised autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) models, both symmetric and asymmetric, are used in the study to model the conditional volatility in the presence month effect.

Findings

This study found the September effect in the return series of both the stock market. Apart from that, asymmetric GARCH models are found to be the best fit model to estimate conditional volatility.

Originality/value

This study is an endeavour to study month of the year effect in the Indian context. This research will provide valuable insight for studying the different calendar anomalies.
Binding pancreaticogastrostomy after pancreaticoduodenectomy and central pancreatectomy
Authors: Fan Sheung Tat
Published: August 2022

Objective

The pancreatic fistula rate is high when pancreaticojejunostomy is performed in patients with soft pancreas, narrow pancreatic duct, major intraoperative bleeding and pathology of the resected pancreas other than pancreatic cancer and pancreatitis. Binding pancreaticogastrostomy (BPG) was proposed to reduce pancreatic fistula. This study aims at evaluation of BPG in prevention of pancreatic fistula.

Methods

One hundred and thirteen patients had BPG after pancreaticoduodenectomy (n = 105) or central pancreatectomy (n = 8). The BPG consisted of two purse string sutures around the pancreas stump and inner anchoring within the stomach and without suturing of the pancreas outside the stomach. The patients were categorised as negligible risk, low risk, intermediate risk and high risk of developing pancreatic fistula according to the presence of risks factors such as pancreas texture, size of pancreatic duct, volume of intraoperative bleeding and pathology of the resected pancreas. Pancreatic fistula of Grade B and C were considered as clinically relevant pancreatic fistulas (CRPF).

Results

Patients with negligible and low risk did not have pancreatic fistula. Three (6%) of 50 patients with intermediate risk and four (8.6%) of 46 patients with high risk developed CRPF (Grade B, 3 patients; Grade C, 4 patients). The overall CRPF rate was 6.2%. Non‐fistulous complication rate was 14.2%.

Conclusion

BPG is a feasible alternative to pancreaticojejunostomy for patients with high risk of developing pancreatic fistula.
C allele in transforming growth factor‐β1 rs1800471 gene polymorphisms might indicate a protective feature in encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis development
Authors: Bora Feyza , Aslan Bengisu , Sarı Funda , Yılmaz Fatih , Ersoy Fettah Fevzi , Köksoy Sadi , Özdem Sebahat , Küçükçetin İkbal Özen , Sipahioğlu Murat , Karakaya İbrahim , Koç Yener , Ulu Memnune Sena
Published: August 2022

Introduction

Peritoneal fibrosis may progress in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients to a fatal clinical condition called encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS). Transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of peritoneal fibrosis. We aimed to investigate the association among polymorphisms in the gene encoding TGF‐β1, which were −509C/T (rs1800469), +869T/C (rs1982073), and +915G/C (rs1800471) in EPS patients.

Methods

A total of 16 PD patients who were clinically and radiologically diagnosed with EPS were enrolled and 22 age‐ and gender‐matched PD patients were selected as the non‐EPS group.

Results

G allele frequency at the rs1800471 gene polymorphism was significantly higher in the EPS group than non‐EPS group (p = 0.005). Interestingly, the non‐EPS group patients had CC or CG polymorphisms.

Conclusion

C allele in TGF‐β1 rs1800471 gene polymorphisms might indicate a protective feature in EPS development. Knowing the presence of polymorphism may be effective in selecting renal replacement therapy in patients.
Efficacy of certain conventional and non‐conventional insecticides against a vector of dengue fever, the Aedes aegypti Mosquito in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Algamdi Abdullah G. , Mahyoub Jazem A.
Published: August 2022

Dengue fever (DF) was originally discovered and registered in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia within the premises of the Jeddah governate (province) during 1994. Currently there is no vaccine against this type of dengue virus, however, the most practical methods of suppression and control of this fatal disease are confined to the control of its vector. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of six types of conventional pesticides of the pyrethroid (Icon 2.5% and Residex C‐10EC), organophosphorous (Rizfin 50% EC and Keen 600EC) and biocide (Bacilod and VectoMax) groups against the Aedes aegypti mosquito, as well as four pesticides in the insect growth regulators (IGR) groups (In 2 Mix and Starycide) and the plant oils group (lemon oil and peppermint oil). Taking the LC50 values (the concentration required for killing 50% of the individuals) into consideration, larvae of Ae. aegypti mosquitoes exhibited more susceptibility to Icon 2.5% (0.023 ppm) than Rizfin (0.032 ppm), Residex C‐10EC (0.05 ppm), Keen (0.052 ppm), VectoMax FG (0.115 ppm) and Bacilod (0.174 ppm) by approximately 1.39, 2.18, 2.26, 5.1 and 7.6 fold, respectively. Based on the IC50 values (the concentration that prevents the emergence of 50% of adults), the IGR In 2 Mix (IC50 = 0.0023 ppm) revealed more larvicidal activity against Ae. aegypti than did Starycide 480 SC (0.0047 ppm), lemon oil (11.842 ppm) and peppermint oil (17.213 ppm) by approximately 2.04, 5.15 and 7.5 fold, respectively. The differences in susceptibility levels can be attributed to the mode of action and the nature of the active ingredients of each pesticide. Generally, these bioassay tests are of great importance to provide reference for mosquito control managers and make informed decisions on the best usage of insecticides.
Tumor suppressor effect of an antibody on xenotransplanted sarcomatoid mesothelioma cells
Authors: Hasegawa Masayoshi , Hanamatsu Yuki , Saigo Chiemi , Kito Yusuke , Takeuchi Tamotsu
Published: August 2022

Background

As mesothelioma generally has an unfavorable prognosis, further advances are needed to improve the outcomes in patients with mesothelioma. In the present study, we generated and characterized a monoclonal antibody that could inhibit mesothelioma cell proliferation in a xenotransplantation mouse model.

Methods

We generated monoclonal antibodies by immunizing mice with cultured mesothelioma cells. These antibodies were then characterized by immunofluorescence staining, immunohistochemical staining, secondary antibody‐drug conjugate assay, antibody inoculation in a xenotransplantation mesothelioma mouse model, and mass spectrometry followed by small interfering RNA (siRNA) analysis. 5' rapid amplification of complementary DNA ends followed by sequencing was performed to deduce the amino acid sequences of the variable regions of the light and heavy chains of AX10.

Results

An IgG2b κ‐type AX10 antibody against the cell surface membrane of sarcomatoid mesothelioma cells was generated. AX10 immunoreactivity was detected in 12 out of 22 different mesothelioma tissue specimens, but there was little AX10 immunoreactivity in a normal human tissue array. AX10 decreased Matrigel invasion by MPM‐1 cells but did not affect cell proliferation. Notably, AX10 significantly inhibited the proliferation of MPM‐1 cells xenotransplanted into Severe combined immunodeficiency‐Nonobese diabetic mice. Matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry followed by siRNA silencing indicated that AX10 reacted to a unique alternatively spliced isoform of sarcolemma‐associated protein. AX10 is composed of as yet unregistered amino acid sequences in its variable region.

Conclusions

AX10 could have therapeutic potential for patients with sarcomatoid mesothelioma.
Intake assessments of salivary cortisol, survey responses, and adverse childhood experiences are associated with recovery success in an abstinence‐based treatment program for substance use disorders
Authors: Maddox‐Rooper Taylor R. , Sklioutouskaya‐Lopez Kristiana , Sturgill Trenton , Fresch Caroline , Clements Charles W. , Lamichhane Rajan , Egleton Richard , Davies Todd H.
Published: August 2022

Background

Connecting patients to treatment for a substance use disorder (SUD) that satisfies their needs is often complicated by confounding factors. A reliable measurement of patients' underlying stress level may be helpful because it often reflects many of the same confounders as their SUD. Whereas cortisol levels reflect physiological responses to stress, patients' cortisol levels during recovery from an SUD may serve as biomarkers for stressors that result in poor treatment outcomes, including early discontinuation of treatment. However, further exploration of the relationship between patients' cortisol levels and their treatment outcomes is needed for this approach to be clinically useful.

Methods

We enrolled participants from an abstinence‐based, male‐only, residential alcohol and drug recovery program to examine the relationship between salivary cortisol, stress exposure, ACEs, and treatment retention.

Results

Participants who remained in the program <90 days had significantly higher initial cortisol levels than those who remained ≥90 days (0.62 ± 0.074 μg/dl vs. 0.36 ± 0.037 μg/dl). Kaplan–Meier curves differed significantly when we grouped participants according to whether their cortisol level was below or above the overall average of 0.49 ± 0.044 μg/dl, with the median numbers of days before discontinuing being 110 and 60, respectively. A Cox proportional hazards model indicated that elevated salivary cortisol (with increases in μg/dl), marital/relationship status, and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) score correlated significantly with hazards of discontinuing the program (hazard ratios for the three factors were 3.49, 2.39, and 1.50, respectively).

Discussion

Cortisol level may predict, at least partially, SUD treatment program retention regardless of individuals' numerous confounding factors or the substance used. If this approach is validated, it could enable providers to consider patients' cortisol levels at the time of admission to treatment to facilitate their retention in treatment and thereby enhance their recovery.
Bayesian hierarchical mixture models for detecting non‐normal clusters applied to noisy genomic and environmental datasets
Authors: Zhang Huizi , Swallow Ben , Gupta Mayetri
Published: August 2022

Clustering to find subgroups with common features is often a necessary first step in the statistical modelling and analysis of large and complex datasets. Although follow‐up analyses often make use of complex statistical models that are appropriate for the specific application, most popular clustering approaches are either nonparametric, or based on Gaussian mixture models and their variants, often for reasons of computational efficiency. Certain characteristics in the data, such as the presence of outliers, or non‐ellipsoidal cluster shapes, that are common in modern scientific datasets, often lead these methods to fail to detect the cluster components accurately. In this article, we present two efficient and robust Bayesian clustering approaches that seek to overcome these limitations—a model‐based ‘tight’ clustering approach to cluster points in the presence of outliers, and a hierarchical Laplace mixture‐based approach to cluster heavy‐tailed and otherwise non‐normal cluster components—and illustrate their power and accuracy in detecting meaningful clusters in datasets from genomics, imaging and the environmental sciences.
Tolerance to sterilised cow's milk in patients with eosinophilic oesophagitis triggered by milk
Authors: González‐Cervera Jesús , Arias Ángel , Navarro Pilar , Juárez‐Tosina Rocío , Cobo‐Palacios María , Olalla José M. , Angueira‐Lapeña Teresa , Lucendo Alfredo J.
Published: August 2022

Background

Cow's milk protein is the main food trigger for eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) in children and adults and should be continuously avoided once identified as such.

Aims

To evaluate tolerance of sterilised cow's milk (boiled instead of UHT processing) with regard to maintenance of EoE remission, health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), nutritional intake and allergic sensitisation in patients of all ages with milk‐triggered EoE

Methods

We prospectively recruited patients in whom cow's milk was demonstrated to trigger EoE after an empirical food elimination diet‐based study. They were given 200 ml of sterilised cow's milk twice daily for 8 weeks. Endoscopic assessment, peak eosinophil counts, oesophageal‐related symptoms, HRQoL, blood eosinophils, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), skin prick test and serum total and specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) to major milk proteins were monitored before and after sterilised milk intake.

Results

Eighteen patients (13 male) in EoE remission underwent a sterilised milk challenge. Twelve maintained EoE remission (<15 eos/hpf) while EoE recurred in the remainder. Endoscopic appearances deteriorated in non‐tolerant patients. HRQoL scored well at baseline and was maintained among patients tolerant to sterilised milk, but deteriorated in reactive ones. No significant changes in blood eosinophil count, ECP, tryptase or total and milk‐specific IgE serum levels were observed from baseline. However, cow's milk‐specific IgE increased slightly in non‐tolerant patients. Clinical and histological remission were maintained in patients who regularly consumed sterilised milk for 1 year.

Conclusion

Sterilised milk did not trigger EoE in two‐thirds of patients with documented milk‐induced EoE, in either the short or long term.
Plasma mid‐regional pro‐adrenomedullin: A biomarker of the ischemic penumbra in hyperacute stroke
Authors: Ishiyama Hiroyuki , Tanaka Tomotaka , Saito Satoshi , Koyama Teruhide , Kitamura Akihiro , Inoue Manabu , Fukushima Naoya , Morita Yoshiaki , Koga Masatoshi , Toyoda Kazunori , Kuriyama Nagato , Urushitani Makoto , Ihara Masafumi
Published: August 2022

Reperfusion therapy has improved the outcomes of ischemic stroke but also emphasized the importance of ischemic penumbra. However, blood biomarkers are currently unavailable for this region. Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a neuroprotective peptide, secreted in a compensatory response to brain ischemia. We thus investigated whether an increase in mid‐regional pro‐ADM (MR‐proADM), a stable peptide fragment of the ADM precursor, could act as a biomarker by predicting the ischemic penumbra in hyperacute ischemic stroke (HAIS). We prospectively enrolled consecutive HAIS patients (n = 119; median age, 77 years; male, 59.7%) admitted to our institutes from July 2017 to March 2019 and evaluated plasma MR‐proADM levels within 4.5 h of onset. MR‐proADM levels in HAIS were compared to healthy controls (n = 1298; median age, 58 years; male, 33.2%) in the Japan Multi‐Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study from 2013 to 2017. Furthermore, we evaluated whether MR‐proADM levels were associated with the penumbra estimated by clinical‐diffusion mismatch (CDM) (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale [NIHSS] ≥8, diffusion ischemic core volume ≤25 ml), or magnetic resonance angiography‐diffusion‐weighted imaging mismatch (MDM) (NIHSS ≥5, a proximal vessel occlusion with core volume ≤25 ml, or a proximal vessel stenosis/distal vessel occlusion with core volume ≤15 ml). In a case–control study, multivariate logistic analysis showed a significant association between HAIS and MR‐proADM ≥0.54 nmol/L (adjusted odds ratio, 7.92 [95% CI, 4.17–15.02], p < 0.001). Though MR‐proADM levels in HAIS did not correlate with the ischemic core volume (rs = 0.09, p = 0.348), they were higher in HAIS with CDM (n = 34; 0.81 vs. 0.61 nmol/L, p < 0.001) or MDM (n = 26; 0.83 vs. 0.62 nmol/L, p = 0.002). These differences remained significant after adjusting baseline factors (adjusted odds ratio, 4.06 [95% CI, 1.31–12.55], p = 0.015 and 4.65 [1.35–16.11], p = 0.015, respectively). Plasma MR‐proADM is elevated in HAIS, especially in those with a substantial penumbra, suggesting potential as a blood biomarker in this region.
The pathogenesis of cryptoglandular anal fistula: New insight into the immunological profile
Authors: Litta Francesco , Papait Andrea , Lucchetti Donatella , Farigu Serafina , Parello Angelo , Tenore Claudio Ricciardi , Campennì Paola , Silini Antonietta Rosa , Giustiniani Maria Cristina , Parolini Ornella , Sgambato Alessandro , Ratto Carlo
Published: August 2022

Aim

The aetiology of cryptoglandular anal fistula (AF) is poorly understood. Evidence suggests that persistence and/or recurrence of the disease is more related to inflammatory than infectious factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the immune profile of cryptoglandular AF and to perform a histopathological characterization.

Method

Fistulectomy was performed in all patients; healthy ischioanal fat from the same patients was used as a control. Samples were evaluated by the Luminex xMAP system for the detection of 27 analytes. AF tissues were analysed using immunofluorescence. Staining was performed using primary antibodies to identify M1 inflammatory and M2 anti‐inflammatory macrophages. Selective staining of total T lymphocytes and different T lymphocyte subsets was performed.

Results

Twenty patients with AF underwent a fistulectomy. Specific cytokine pathways differentiated AF from healthy tissue: pro‐inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐4, IL‐8 and IL‐17 and the anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10 were overexpressed in AF compared with controls. Chemokines involved in macrophage recruitment (CCL2, CCL3, CCL4) were higher in AF than in healthy fatty tissue. Moreover, we showed that Tc17 cells characterize AF patients, thus confirming the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay data. Furthermore, elevated infiltration of CD68+ myeloid cells and a reduction of the M1/M2 ratio characterize AF patients.

Conclusion

A combination of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and growth factors reside in the wound microenvironment of AF patients. For the first time an important prevalence of Tc17 cells and a reduction in the M1/M2 ratio was observed, thus suggesting new insights into the immunological characterization of AF patients.
Chameleon biogeographic dispersal is associated with extreme life history strategies
Authors: Weil Sarah‐Sophie , Gallien Laure , Lavergne Sébastien , Börger Luca , Hassler Gabriel W. , Nicolaï Michaël P. J. , Allen William L.
Published: August 2022

Understanding the role of traits in dispersal is necessary to improve our knowledge of historical biogeography, community assembly processes and predictions of species' future movements. Here we aimed to determine the relationship between three traits (coastal distribution, body size, position on the fast/slow life history continuum) and past dispersal probability on an evolutionary timescale in chameleons (Chamaeleonidae). Using species' distribution data we identified the nine most important biogeographic regions for all included chameleons (181/217 species). We compiled life history trait data and used phylogenetic factor analysis to infer independent body size and fast/slow life history trait axes. Finally, we tested whether traits and trait combinations related to biogeographic dispersal success in the past, using trait‐dependent biogeographic models. All three traits were associated with past biogeographical movements. Lineages having coastal distributions and those with large bodies had higher dispersal probabilities. Interestingly, chameleons with either a very fast or very slow life history were more successful dispersers than species with an intermediate strategy. Together, the three traits – coastal, large‐bodied and extreme life history – form a dispersal syndrome. Traits have played an important role in the biogeographic history of chameleons. While only fast traits have been linked to present‐day invasion success in reptiles, both extremes of the life history spectrum were likely advantageous for dispersal and establishment during past biogeographic movements. Fast‐living species may be less susceptible to stochastic extinction in the first phases of a colonization (due to rapid population growth), and slow‐living species may be less vulnerable to environmental stochasticity (due to low demographic variability). Our results call for broader analyses testing the general influence of life history strategy in biogeographic dispersal success, which would help explain species distribution patterns on Earth.
Identification of Aphis coronillae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) clones with anholocyclic life cycle
Authors: Tsukahara Takanori , Xue Jiqing , Kagawa Kiyohiko , Sonoda Shoji
Published: August 2022

This study examined the life history traits of Aphis coronillae Ferrari (Hemiptera: Aphididae) clones collected in Utsunomiya City, Tochigi Prefecture, eastern Japan. Results showed that the collected clones are classifiable into two life cycle forms: holocyclic and anholocyclic. No significant difference in nymphal development, fecundity, or adult longevity was observed between holocyclic and anholocyclic clones. Results also indicated that photoperiod and temperature affect sexual morph production in holocyclic clones.
Development and evaluation of a chewing gum containing antimicrobial peptide GH12 for caries prevention
Authors: Jiang Xuelian , Wang Yufei , Li Xinwei , Feng Zening , Zeng Yuhao , Han Sili , Takahashi Nobuhiro , Zhang Linglin
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study was to develop a chewing gum containing a novel antimicrobial peptide GH12 and evaluate its biocompatibility, antimicrobial activity, and caries‐preventive effects in vivo and in vitro. GH12 chewing gum was developed using a conventional method and its extracts were prepared in artificial saliva. GH12 concentration in the extracts was determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography; extracts were used for growth curve assay, time‐kill assay, crystal violet staining assay, scanning electron microscopy, and Cell Counting Kit‐8 assay. A rat caries model was established, and molars were treated topically with extracts for 5 weeks. Weight gain monitoring, hematoxylin‐eosin staining, micro‐computed tomography, and Keyes scoring were conducted. Significant inhibition of Streptococcus mutans growth and biofilm formation was observed. Extracts displayed low cytotoxicity against human gingival epithelial cells. No significant differences in weight gain or signs of harm to the mucosal tissues in any of the rats were observed. Keyes scores of caries lesions in the GH12 chewing gum group were lower than those of the negative control group. It was concluded that GH12 chewing gum showed good biocompatibility, antimicrobial activity, and caries‐preventive effects, exhibiting great potential to prevent dental caries as an adjuvant to regular oral hygiene.
Mental health‐related internet use by people with a diagnosis of chronic psychiatric disorder, attending community mental health centres
Authors: Yakişir Abdurrahman , Duman Zekiye Çeinkaya
Published: August 2022

Background

There is little information on Internet use for obtaining mental health information among individuals with chronic psychiatric disorders, who are receiving services from community mental health centres (CMHCs).

Objective

To investigate the mental health information‐seeking behaviour of individuals with chronic psychiatric disorders who attend CMHCs.

Method

This is a cross‐sectional descriptive study. The data was collected by questionnaire (structured interview format) (n = 135 participants). The collected data were analysed with descriptive statistics and chi‐square test.

Results

It was found that 75.6% of the participants used the internet to search for information about mental health problems. Although the information retrieved from the internet was frequently or occasionally shared with the mental health team (19.6% and 40.2% of the participants, respectively), general online communication with professionals was rare (93.1% of the participants had not contacted mental health professionals).

Conclusions

Most participants looked for information about their mental health on the internet. Therefore, mental health professionals should consider how to facilitate professional‐patient therapeutic communication, with acknowledged Internet use by individuals with chronic psychiatric disorders.
Markers of ovarian reserve in women living with HIV: A systematic review
Authors: King Elizabeth M. , Swann Shayda A. , Murray Melanie C. M.
Published: August 2022

Background

Anti‐Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels indicate ovarian reserve and are predictive of reproductive aging. Studies evaluating AMH levels in women with HIV have produced conflicting results, and reasons for inter‐study differences have not been assessed. To understand reproductive aging in HIV, we conducted a systematic review of ovarian reserve among women with HIV.

Methods

We searched Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, and CAB Direct for studies including AMH in reproductive‐aged women with HIV. Two reviewers used the Newcastle–Ottawa scale to assess the quality of extracted data.

Results

Of the 315 reports screened, ten met the inclusion criteria. Studies were conducted across seven countries and included 3673 women with HIV and 2342 HIV‐negative women in the comparison group. Ethnic distribution, combination antiretroviral therapy coverage, and viral load suppression varied considerably across studies. Nine of the ten reviewed studies reported lower unadjusted AMH levels in women with HIV than in those without HIV; however, in studies that adjusted for confounders (n = 4), only two showed an association between HIV and AMH. Low CD4 count and high viral load correlated with low AMH in the two largest studies. Other studies found that opioid use and elevated inflammatory markers were associated with low AMH. Study quality varied considerably, and many were of low quality (n = 6).

Conclusion

Current evidence is inconclusive about the relationship between HIV and AMH, although studies suggest a trend toward lower AMH among women with HIV. Future studies that adjust for HIV‐related factors, inflammatory markers, and substance use are needed in the era of contemporary HIV care to confirm the association between HIV and reduced ovarian reserve and establish its underlying cause.
Restoring tree species mixtures mitigates the adverse effects of pine monoculture and drought on forest carabids
Authors: Jouveau Séverin , Poeydebat Charlotte , Castagneyrol Bastien , van Halder Inge , Jactel Hervé
Published: August 2022

Habitat degradation and climate change are main drivers of insect species loss worldwide, raising concern about natural forest replacement by tree monocultures in a context of more frequent disturbances like drought. Carabid beetles are emblematic species in ecology because they are often used as indicators of biodiversity and they have important functional roles, particularly predation.

We used a tree diversity experiment with half of the plots irrigated and the other half under summer water stress to test the combined effects of tree species mixing and drought on carabid species and functional diversity.

We observed a qualitative effect of drought on carabid communities, with species turnover mainly due to predator species loss in the drier (non‐irrigated) plots.

We also found that species richness and activity density were lowest in pure pine plots and highest in mixture of pine and birch at low tree density. The likely underlying mechanism is the better provision of food and shelter resources in mixed forests.

The association of pine with birch species could compensate for the loss of carabid beetles observed between pine monocultures benefiting from the water regime of the last century and those subject to current droughts. This suggests that diversifying plantation forests is a promising way to increase their resilience to the adverse effects of climate change.
Public policy towards immigrants in poland’s shrinking cities – The case study of the city of Lomza
Authors: Szalanska Justyna , Gac Justyna , Jastrzebska Ewa , Poplawska Joanna Zuzanna , Moralli Melissa
Published: August 2022

Some regions and cities in Poland face challenges due to an accelerating depopulation. Simultaneously, Poland is host to more than 2 million immigrants who mitigate the negative consequences of the population outflow and ageing. While bigger Polish cities adopted particular local strategies and measures addressed to migrants, the situation of smaller cities and towns, especially the shrinking ones, has not yet been explored. Therefore, we took a closer look at Lomza, a downscaled middle‐sized city in the east of Poland where two phenomena occur: the accelerating depopulation caused mainly by the outflow of its residents and an inflow of foreign migrants, both asylum seekers predominantly coming from Russia (Chechnya) and economic migrants mainly from Ukraine. We explored the state of the public policy towards immigrants in Lomza in order to see what a shrinking city can offer its newcomers when it cannot count on national strategy in this regard.
The emergence of digital ecosystem governance: An investigation of responses to disrupted resource control in the Swedish public transport sector
Authors: Ofe Hosea A. , Sandberg Johan
Published: August 2022

Digital ecosystem governance entails the management of complex, dynamic power relationships. As entrant platform providers seek to cultivate an ecosystem, they must carefully navigate these power relationships when dealing with governance tensions. Providers generally seek to leverage the ecosystem's generative potential by facilitating a variety of interactions and distributing design rights. Simultaneously, they need to ensure stability and order by imposing rules that resolve contentious matters and restrict ecosystem participants' degrees of freedom. This study explores how and why providers can induce ecosystem actors to engage in collaborative negotiation regarding such governance tensions through a case study of the introduction of an open data platform in the Swedish public transport sector. Our analysis offers three main contributions. First, it provides an empirical demonstration that entrepreneurial threats, as well as opportunities, can trigger platform launches and drive collaborative negotiation of digital ecosystem governance. Second, it extends conceptualizations of boundary resources beyond the current focus on transactional elements by demonstrating the role of interactive boundary resources in the negotiation of governance grounded in both social and systemic power relationships. Third, it shows how positive reinforcement can complement punitive measures to increase acceptance of design rules.
Bi‐layered living cellular construct resulted in greater healing in an alloxan‐induced diabetic porcine model
Authors: Avery Justin T. , Qiao Jizeng , Medeiros Erika , Bollenbach Thomas J. , Kimmerling Kelly A. , Mowry Katie C.
Published: August 2022

Tissue‐engineered skin constructs, including bi‐layered living cellular constructs (BLCC) used in the treatment of chronic wounds, are structurally/functionally complex. While some work has been performed to understand their mechanisms, the totality of how BLCC may function in wound healing remains unknown. To this end, we have developed a delayed wound healing model to test BLCC cellular and molecular mechanisms of action. Diabetes was chemically‐induced using alloxan in Yucatan miniature pigs, and full‐thickness wounds were generated on their dorsum. These wounds were either allowed to heal by secondary intention alone (control) or treated with a single or multiple treatments of a porcine autologous BLCC. Results indicated a single treatment with porcine BLCC resulted in statistically significant wound healing at day 17, while four treatments resulted in statistically significant healing on days 10, 13, and 17 compared to control. Statistically accelerated wound closure was driven by re‐epithelialisation rather than contraction or granulation. This porcine diabetic model and the use of a porcine BLCC allowed evaluation of healing responses in vivo without the complications typically seen with either xenogenic responses of human/animal systems or the use of immune compromised animals, expanding the knowledge base around how BLCC may impact chronic wounds.
Anin vitroandex vivowound infection model to test topical and systemic treatment with antibiotics
Authors: Cheng Yanyan , De Bank Paul A. , Bolhuis Albert
Published: August 2022

Aims

This study aimed to develop a wound infection model that could be used to test antibiotic-loaded electrospun matrices for the topical treatment of infected skin and compare the effectiveness of this treatment to systemically applied antibiotics.

Methods and Results

3D-printed flow chambers were made in which Staphylococcus aureus biofilms were grown either on a polycarbonate membrane or explanted porcine skin. The biofilms were then treated either topically, by placing antibiotic-loaded electrospun matrices on top of the biofilms, or systemically by the addition of antibiotics in the growth medium that flowed underneath the membrane or skin. The medium that was used was either a rich medium or an artificial wound fluid. The results showed that microbial viability in the biofilms was reduced to a greater extent with the topical electrospun matrices when compared to systemic treatment.

Conclusions

An ex vivo infection model was developed that is flexible and can be used to test both topical and systemic treatment of wound infections. It represents a significant improvement over previous in vitro models that we have used to test electrospun membranes.

Significance and Impact of the Study

The availability of a relatively simple wound infection model in which different delivery methods and dosage regimes can be tested is beneficial for the development of improved treatments for wound infections.
EU Public Legitimation in the Social Media Era: Co‐ordinating the Political Communication of the European Commission
Authors: Aagaard Peter
Published: August 2022

This article addresses the question of how the EU gains influence over public legitimacy in the social media era. Existing theories focus either on the type of legitimacy at play without addressing strategic efforts in the digital public sphere, or they focus on self‐legitimation without considering the type of legitimacy at stake. However, public legitimation is the result of both institutional conditions and of agency. Strategic efforts in public legitimation are shaped not only by choices between forms of co‐ordination but also by the type of legitimacy these efforts attempt to influence. Concurrently, the purpose here is to suggest a new approach to analysing the EU's responses to public legitimacy challenges and to detecting features of good practice in the digital public sphere. Taking a historical approach, the article links existing literatures addressing EU legitimacy, organizational strategy, and political communication. The European Commission is used as an illustrative case example.
Establishment of a cell line derived from the gills ofGymnocypris przewalskii, an endemic Schizothoracine fish from Qinghai Lake of Tibet Plateau
Authors: Wei Fulei , Liang Jian , Yue Miao , Tian Wengen , Yu Luxian , Feng Zhaohui , Hua Qiang
Published: August 2022

Gymnocypris przewalskii(Naked carp), a native teleost, plays an important role in maintaining the ecological balance of Lake Qinghai (altitude, 3.2 km), the largest saline lake in China. In this study, a new gill cell line fromG. przewalskiiwas developed using the explant technique and named as GPG. This cell line was maintained in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) (high glucose), supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum (FBS), and was successfully subcultured up to 32 passages. Meanwhile, this cell line was also authenticated by sequencing themitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I(COI) and16S rRNAgenes and by chromosome analysis. With the Cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter, the GPG cell line could express green fluorescent protein (GFP) at about 5% transfection efficiency. MTT test showed that Clostridium botulinum toxin (BTX) was toxic to the cell line. After cryopreservation with 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), this cell line could be successfully revived at an efficiency over 70%. This study revealed that the GPG cell line could be used as materials for physio‐chemical investigation ofG. przewalskiiand also provided a tool for gene function study and toxicological reactionin vitro.