bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Segmentation of Temporal Bone Anatomy for Patient-Specific Virtual Reality Simulation
Authors: Andersen Steven Arild Wuyts , Bergman Maxwell , Keith Jason P. , Powell Kimerly A. , Hittle Brad , Malhotra Prashant , Wiet Gregory J.
Published: November 2020

Objectives:

Virtual reality (VR) simulation for patient-specific pre-surgical planning and rehearsal requires accurate segmentation of key surgical landmark structures such as the facial nerve, ossicles, and cochlea. The aim of this study was to explore different approaches to segmentation of temporal bone surgical anatomy for patient-specific VR simulation.

Methods:

De-identified, clinical computed tomography imaging of 9 pediatric patients aged 3 months to 12 years were obtained retrospectively. The patients represented normal anatomy and key structures were manually segmented using open source software. The OTOPLAN (CAScination AG, Bern, Switzerland) otological planning software was used for guided segmentation. An atlas-based algorithm was used for computerized, automated segmentation. Experience with the different approaches as well as time and resulting models were compared.

Results:

Manual segmentation was time consuming but also the most flexible. The OTOPLAN software is not designed specifically for our purpose and therefore the number of structures that can be segmented is limited, there was some user-to-user variation as well as volume differences compared with manual segmentation. The atlas-based automated segmentation potentially allows a full range of structures to be segmented and produces segmentations comparable to those of manual segmentation with a processing time that is acceptable because of the minimal user interaction.

Conclusion:

Segmentation is fundamental for patient-specific VR simulation for pre-surgical planning and rehearsal in temporal bone surgery. The automated segmentation algorithm currently offers the most flexible and feasible approach and should be implemented. Further research is needed in relation to cases of abnormal anatomy.

Level of evidence:

4
Biomaterials in the Reconstruction of Nasal Septum Perforation
Authors: Rajzer Izabella , Stręk Pawel , Wiatr Maciej , Skladzien Jacek , Kurowska Anna , Kopeć Jerzy , Swiezy Katarzyna , Wiatr Agnieszka
Published: November 2020

Introduction:

Septal perforations are among the most common craniofacial defects. The causes of septal perforations are varied.

Objectives:

The purpose of the study was to develop a septal cartilage implant biomaterial for use in the reconstruction of nasal septal perforations and prepare personalized implants for each patient individually using 3D printing technology.

Methods:

Fragments of septal nasal cartilage from 16 patients undergoing surgery for a deviated nasal septum were analyzed to establish microfeatures in individual samples. A scanning electron microscope was used to estimate the microstructure of the removed septal cartilage. 3D models of porous scaffolds were prepared, and a biomaterial was fabricated in the shape of the collected tissue using a 3D printer.

Results:

Of the various materials used in the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technology of 3D printing, PLLA was indicated as the most useful to achieve the expected implant features. The implant was designed using the indicated pre-designed shape of the scaffold, and appropriate topography, geometry and pore size were included in the design.

Conclusions:

The implant’s structure allows the use of this device as a framework to carry nanoparticles (antibiotics or bacteriophages). It is possible to create a porous scaffold with an appropriately matched shape and a pre-designed geometry and pore size to close nasal septal perforations even in cases of large septal cartilage defects.
‘African gangs’ in Australia: Perceptions of race and crime in urban neighbourhoods
Authors: Benier Kathryn , Wickes Rebecca , Moran Claire
Published: November 2020

In 2016, Melbourne experienced what was referred to in the media as the Moomba ‘riot’. This event led to a racialised political and media campaign regarding the problem of ‘African gangs’. Despite no evidence of actual gang activity, the backlash against black migrants in Melbourne was consequential with increases in reported racism and institutionalised forms of discrimination. In this study, we examine the neighbourhood context of exclusion against African Australians following the Moomba ‘riot’. Using census and crime data integrated with survey data from 2400 residents living in 150 urban neighbourhoods, we interrogate the relationship between sentiments (measured as anger) towards Africans and perceptions of neighbourhood crime and disorder. We further consider whether quality contact with Africans and neighbourhood cohesion mediates this relationship. We conclude with reflections on the significant and deleterious effects of the ‘black and criminal’ association on understandings of ‘Africanness’ in Australia.
When to initiate antipsychotic treatment for psychotic symptoms: At the premorbid phase or first episode of psychosis?
Authors: Zhang TianHong , Xu LiHua , Wei YanYan , Tang XiaoChen , Hu YeGang , Cui HuiRu , Tang YingYing , Xie Bin , Li ChunBo , Wang JiJun
Published: November 2020

Objective:

Antipsychotic drugs are widely used for treating patients with first episode of psychosis, targeting threshold psychotic symptoms. The clinical high risk of psychosis is characterized as subthreshold psychotic symptoms and it is unclear whether they can also benefit from antipsychotic drugs treatment. This study attempted to determine whether initiating antipsychotic drugs treatment in the clinical high risk of psychosis phase was superior to initiating antipsychotic drugs treatment in the first episode of psychosis phase, after the 2-year symptomatic and functional outcomes.

Method:

Drawing on 517 individuals with clinical high risk of psychosis from the ShangHai At Risk for Psychosis program, we identified 105 patients who converted to first episode of psychosis within the following 2 years. Patients who initiated antipsychotic drugs while at clinical high risk of psychosis (CHR_AP; n = 70) were compared with those who initiated antipsychotic drugs during a first episode of psychosis (FEP_AP; n = 35). Summary scores on positive symptoms and the global function scores at baseline and at 2 months, 1 year and 2 years of follow-up were analyzed to evaluate outcomes.

Results:

The CHR_AP and FEP_AP groups were not different in the severity of positive symptoms and functioning at baseline. However, the CHR_AP group exhibited significantly more serious negative symptoms and total symptoms than the FEP_AP group. Both groups exhibited a significant reduction in positive symptoms and function ( p < 0.001). Repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed group by time interaction for symptomatic ( F = 3.196, df = 3, p = 0.024) and functional scores ( F = 7.306, df = 3, p < 0.001). The FEP_AP group showed higher remission rates than the CHR_AP group (χ2 = 22.270, p < 0.001). Compared to initiating antipsychotic drug treatments in the clinical high risk of psychosis state, initiating antipsychotic drugs treatments in the first episode of psychosis state predicted remission in a regression model for FEP_AP (odds ratio = 5.567, 95% confidence interval = [1.783, 17.383], p = 0.003).

Conclusion:

For clinical high risk of psychosis, antipsychotic drugs might be not the first choice in terms of long-term remission, which is more reasonable to use at the first episode of psychosis phase.
Open Innovation’s “Multiunit Back-End Problem”: How Corporations Can Overcome Business Unit Rivalry
Authors: Seran Thuy , Bez Sea Matilda
Published: November 2020

This article examines the “multiunit back-end problem” of open innovation based on a case study of the Banque Populaire Caisse d’Epargne (BPCE) Group, a large French bank with two business units. The multiunit back-end problem occurs when internal business units who consider themselves rivals are asked to collaborate for the success of an open innovation initiative. BPCE failed several times to use external startups to accelerate its digital transformation due to rivalry between its internal business units. This article presents guidelines that firms with rival business units can use to align their front-end and back-end when working with startups to accelerate their digital transformation program.
Transforming corporate social responsibilities: Toward an intellectual activist research agenda for micro-CSR research
Authors: Girschik Verena , Svystunova Liudmyla , Lysova Evgenia I
Published: November 2020

In their recent essay, Gond and Moser (2019) have proposed that micro-CSR research has the potential to “matter” and transform business practices as it engages closely with how individuals in companies work with and experience corporate social responsibility (CSR). But can micro-CSR research in its current form realize this transformative potential and serve social justice? Adopting an intellectual activist position, we argue that the transformative potential of micro-CSR is severely limited by its predominant focus on CSR as defined, presented, and promoted by companies themselves, thereby serving to sustain the hegemony of the business case for CSR, promoting narrow interests and maintaining managerial control over corporate responsibilities. We propose that micro-CSR researchers broaden the scope of their research to cultivate the potential of alternative ideas, voices, and activities found in organizational life. In so doing we lay out a research agenda that embraces employee activism, listens to alternative voices, and unfolds confrontational, subversive, and covert activities. In the hope of inspiring other micro-CSR researchers to explore these unconventional paths, we also offer suggestions as to how we can pursue them through empirical research.
Homeless women in Chile: Examining daily life capabilities
Authors: Eissmann Ignacio , Takeuchi David
Published: November 2020

Homeless women in Chile live in high-risk situations; however, little research exists about how they face their homelessness. This article helps address this information gap through the identification of factors associated with the level of capabilities that homeless women face in their daily lives. Data were obtained from the Chilean government (December 2017) and included a final analytic sample of 1580 homeless women. Findings indicated that capability level was strongly associated with the individual characteristics of women linked to their life trajectories.
Socioeconomic development initiatives and women’s experiences of marital violence in rural Bangladesh
Authors: Karim Rabiul , Emmelin Maria , Wamala Andersson Sarah , Lindberg Lene
Published: November 2020

Socioeconomic development initiatives (SDIs) have become a controversial issue. In giving skill trainings and credit supports, practitioners assume that SDI participation will enhance women’s income/dignity. Some studies have indicated that SDIs reduce women’s exposure to marital violence (MV), while others have shown that they increase spousal conflicts/MV. Our study explains how SDI participation may influence women’s marital life. This explorative study adopted a grounded theory design. Data included 17 participating-women’s interviews. It revealed that many women experienced further marital subordination, spousal conflicts, and MV. Yet women with strong motivation increased marital dignity/safety. Caring husbands facilitated this. If men can be involved in supporting women, impacts of SDIs will be substantial.
Mechanical analytical modelling of non-axisymmetric overbraiding
Authors: Imbert Mathieu , Finckh Hermann , Gresser Götz T
Published: November 2020

Overbraiding allows the production of complex hollow composite preforms. Various mechanical modelling methods have been proposed in the literature to help optimizing this process. However, these are either analytical, and computationally fast, but limited to axisymmetric braiding, or based on finite element methods (FEM) but computationally very expensive. The present work proposes a novel approach to model mechanically and in a computationally efficient manner the braid along its formation and deposition. Thereby, the geometrical and mechanical equilibrium of the whole braid in the convergence zone is described without symmetry assumption using a system of equations which is solved using the Newton-Raphson method. The new model, treating yarn-yarn friction, is evaluated using results from the literature, and demonstrates that friction is not the only physical mechanism that must be considered to simulate accurately the process. Finally, significant calculation time reduction is obtained compared to the most recent FEM simulations.
Clamping force integrated computer aided tolerancing in composite assembly
Authors: Wang Hua , Yan Chen , Yu Junyang , Wärmefjord Kristina
Published: November 2020

Traditional computer aided tolerancing method could not accomplish the tolerancing and variation simulation well in composite assembly. The paper presents a clamping force integrated computer aided tolerancing method for composite assembly. The stochastic variations and the stackup of variations are affected by clamping forces. The clamping force modified probability distribution is used to represent the modification based on the verified FEA model of the composite assembly. The clamping forces are coordinated based on the main deformation mode extracted by the principal component analysis to satisfy the coaxial tolerance requirements of the composite assembly. The assembly of an aircraft composite elevator is considered to illustrate the computational aspects of the proposed methods. The computer aided tolerancing method involving clamping forces outlined in the paper is found to be effective for composite assembly.
Nicotinamide Improves Delayed Tooth Eruption in Runx2+/− Mice
Authors: Yoon H. , Kim H.J. , Shin H.R. , Kim B.S. , Kim W.J. , Cho Y.D. , Ryoo H.M.
Published: November 2020

Patients with cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) caused by mutations in RUNX2 have severe dental anomalies, including delayed or absent eruption of permanent teeth. This requires painful and expensive surgical/orthodontic intervention because of the absence of medicine for this condition. Here, we demonstrate that nicotinamide, a vitamin B3 and class III histone deacetylase inhibitor, significantly improves delayed tooth eruption in Runx2 +/− mice, a well-known CCD animal model, through the restoration of decreased osteoclastogenesis. We also found that Csf1 mRNA and protein levels were significantly reduced in Runx2 +/− osteoblasts as compared with wild type whereas RANKL and OPG levels had no significant difference between wild type and Runx2 +/− osteoblasts. The nicotinamide-induced restoration of osteoclastogenesis of bone marrow–derived macrophages in Runx2 +/− mice was due to the increased expression of RUNX2 and CSF1 and increased RANKL/OPG ratio. RUNX2 directly regulated Csf1 mRNA expression via binding to the promoter region of the Csf1 gene. In addition, nicotinamide enhanced the RUNX2 protein level and transacting activity posttranslationally with Sirt2 inhibition. Taken together, our study shows the potential and underlying molecular mechanism of nicotinamide for the treatment of delayed tooth eruption by using the Runx2 +/− murine model, suggesting nicotinamide as a candidate therapeutic drug for dental abnormalities in patients with CCD.
Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Internal Consistency of the Suicidal Ideation Scale of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Among Colombian Adolescents
Authors: Suárez-Colorado Yuli P. , Caballero-Domínguez Carmen C. , Campo-Arias Adalberto
Published: November 2020

The current study tested the one-dimensionality of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Suicidal Ideation (CES-D-SI) and its reliability among high school students in Santa Marta, Colombia. A total of 1,462 tenth and eleventh-grade students from public and private schools completed the CES-D-SI. The students were between 13 and 17 years ( M = 16.0, SD = 0.8), 60.3% were female, and 55.3% were in the tenth grade. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted, and the chi-square, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), comparative fit index (CFI), Tucker-Lewis index (TLI), and standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) statistics were calculated. The internal consistency of the dimension was calculated using Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s omega coefficients. The results of the CFA were as follows: chi-square = 26.51, df =2, p = .001; RMSEA = .092; 90% confidence interval = .063–.124; CFI = .983; TLI = .950; and SRMR = .019. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was .75, and McDonald’s omega coefficient was .77. As conclusions, the scale exhibited a unidimensional structure similar to that in other studies and presented good reliability values. Hence, its use is recommended to screen suicidal ideation in school-aged adolescents in Santa Marta, Colombia.
Brief Report: Participation Among Transition-Aged Youth With Traumatic Brain Injury in the State/Federal Vocational Rehabilitation System
Authors: Degeneffe Charles Edmund , Tucker Mark Steven , Ahonle Zaccheus James
Published: November 2020

This study aimed to understand the level of participation among transition-aged youth with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the state/federal Vocational Rehabilitation (VR) system in the context of the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA). Case closures, case duration, and case expenditures in federal fiscal years (FYs) 2014, 2015, and 2016 were examined among transition-aged youth (i.e., state VR clients under the age of 22 years at application) with TBI, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and intellectual disability (ID), using a nonexperimental and descriptive design. A disproportionate number of transition-aged youth with ASD and ID had closed state VR cases compared with transition-aged youth with TBI. Alternatively, there were greater state VR case duration levels and case service expenditures for persons with TBI compared with those with ASD or ID. The disproportionate participation with state VR was consistent among these three groups via eligibility for services under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. This article highlights areas of attention concerning transition-aged youth with TBI and will hopefully stimulate future dialogue, research, and policy development concerning participation with State VR for this population.
A simheuristic approach for the flexible job shop scheduling problem with stochastic processing times
Authors: Caldeira Rylan H , Gnanavelbabu A
Published: November 2020

In this work, we address the flexible job shop scheduling problem (FJSSP), which is a classification of the well-known job shop scheduling problem. This problem can be encountered in real-life applications such as automobile assembly, aeronautical, textile, and semiconductor manufacturing industries. To represent inherent uncertainties in the production process, we consider stochastic flexible job shop scheduling problem (SFJSSP) with operation processing times represented by random variables following a known probability distribution. To solve this stochastic combinatorial optimization problem we propose a simulation-optimization approach to minimize the expected makespan. Our approach employs Monte Carlo simulation integrated into a Jaya algorithm framework. Due to the unavailability of standard benchmark instances in SFJSSP, our algorithm is evaluated on an extensive set of well-known FJSSP benchmark instances that are extended to SFJSSP instances. Computational results demonstrate the performance of the algorithm at different variability levels through the use of reliability-based methods.
The Effects of Holiday Leisure Travel on Subjective Well-Being: The Moderating Role of Experience Sharing
Authors: Yu Grace B. , Sirgy M. Joseph , Bosnjak Michael
Published: November 2020

Despite growing interest in experience sharing among leisure travelers, there is still limited research concerning the role of travel experience sharing on leisure traveler’s life satisfaction. The main objective of this research is to test the moderation effects of experience sharing during and after leisure travel on the bottom-up spillover process of tourists’ leisure travel satisfaction–life satisfaction hierarchy. The positive effect of holiday trip motivation fulfillment on overall holiday trip satisfaction is hypothesized to be amplified by on-site experience sharing (e.g., uploading holiday pictures or videos to social media platforms while traveling). Also, the positive effect of holiday trip satisfaction on holiday travelers’ subjective well-being is hypothesized to be amplified by posttrip experience sharing (e.g., publishing blog posts or travel reports online post trip). We used data from a large-scale social survey in Germany (N = 2,198) and the results confirmed the hypotheses. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.
Whittaker, Einstein, and the History of the Aether: Alternative interpretation, blunder, or bigotry?
Authors: Navarro Jaume
Published: November 2020

Edmund T. Whittaker’s second edition of his A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity is famous for his treatment of Einstein as an almost irrelevant character in the emergence of what he called “the relativity theory of Poincaré and Lorentz.” Historians of science have given a number of explanations, which include Whittaker’s scientific conservatism as an old classical physicist, his commitment to the ether, the pre-eminent role he attributed to mathematics over physics, and foundational philosophical disagreements, to name a few. And in the background, often more implicit than forthright, the accusation of antisemitism looms over Whittaker. In this paper I intend to shed new light on this controversy by taking into consideration the abundant correspondence between Whittaker and his son preserved in the archives of the Fisher Library, University of Toronto. With it, we will get a more complex and personal view of the context in which his attempt at dethroning Einstein took place. Together with the abovementioned reasons, this correspondence shows that the problematic status quo of general relativity in the early 1950s, a period that has been described as the low-mark of general relativity, was very influential in the historical treatment he gave to Einstein. This is an aspect hardly mentioned in the historical work on this controversy and, from this correspondence, it appears to be central to understanding Whittaker at the time of drafting the new History. His possible antisemitic bias will also be addressed, though with the insufficient information on this subject the matter cannot be settled.
The “Bilingual Education” Policy in Xinjiang Revisited: New Evidence of Open Resistance and Active Support among the Uyghur Elite
Authors: Baranovitch Nimrod
Published: November 2020

The “bilingual education” policy in Xinjiang has been one of the most contentious policies implemented in the region in recent decades. Given its negative impact on one of the most important markers of Uyghur ethnic identity, it has been a major cause of Uyghur discontent. Nevertheless, our knowledge of the genesis of this policy and the negotiations that took place around its implementation has been partial at best. Through an in-depth analysis of two essays published in the early and mid-2000s by two prominent Uyghur scholars, a large body of academic publications by other Uyghur scholars, and ethnographic data collected since the early 2000s, this article reexamines part of the conventional academic wisdom that relates to this policy, particularly the role Uyghurs have played in relation to it. The article suggests two main revisions to the existing knowledge. One has to do with the amount and form of Uyghur resistance to the policy, and the other with the role Uyghurs have played in promoting the policy. I argue that at least in its early stages, not only did not all Uyghurs resist the policy, but also, in fact, part of the Uyghur political and academic elite played an active role in promoting it. In addition, contrary to the implicit agreement in the existing scholarship that Uyghurs could resist the policy only in covert forms, in fact a considerable number of Uyghur academics have been engaged for years in persistent and overt struggle against it.
Auditor Market Power and Audit Quality Revisited: Effects of Market Concentration, Market Share Distance, and Leadership
Authors: Willekens Marleen , Dekeyser Simon , Bruynseels Liesbeth , Numan Wieteke
Published: November 2020

This study examines whether auditor market power is associated with audit quality. Regulators around the world have repeatedly expressed concerns about the high levels of supplier concentration, the limited number of audit suppliers in the audit market, and the potential adverse consequences of their (alleged) market power. Using U.S. data from 2009 to 2017, we examine the effect on audit quality of two competing measures of auditor market power: (a) a “traditional” market concentration measure (Herfindahl index) and (b) a competing measure derived from spatial competition theory (i.e., market share distance from the closest competitor). Following Aobdia, we infer audit quality from two measures of financial reporting quality: (a) the level of absolute abnormal accruals, and (b) the incidence of financial statement restatements. Our results indicate that industry market share distance is positively associated with audit quality, but we do not find an association between market concentration and audit quality. In addition, we find that the positive association between market share distance and audit quality only holds when the incumbent auditor is a market leader, although industry leadership itself is not significantly associated with audit quality. These findings suggest that audit quality is positively affected by a market leader’s industry market share dominance over its competitors rather than by industry specialization per se.

JEL Classification: M4; L0
Buying on Weixin/WeChat: Proposing a sociomaterial approach of platform studies
Authors: Peng Weiying , Wang Wilfred Yang
Published: November 2020

This article examines the social-commercial activity of microcommerce ( wei shang), which has become popular on Weixin (WeChat), one of the most popular messenger applications/social app installed on smartphones in China. By drawing on the notion of platform affordances and data collected from mixed methods centered on the analysis of primary and secondary data, we contend that microcommerce embodies Weixin’s structural (political economy) and cultural (social lives and norms) qualities in China. While microcommerce might have emerged from Weixin’s ecosystem, which is defined by corporate interest and state’s regulatory power, the practice of microcommerce is embedded within the traditional Chinese notion of shuren guanxi (familiar, non-stranger social relational) networks. This article puts forward a sociomaterial approach as a possible conceptual complement to the existing political economy approach of platform studies to call for greater attention to the intersection and interaction between the structural arrangements and social conditions of platform media.
Measuring visibility of disciplines on Chinese academic web
Authors: Yang Bo , Sun Ying , Huang Shan
Published: November 2020

This study proposes a hierarchy affiliation model (department–school–university) to build network between web entities taking into account the domain names, the topological structure of academic network and the disciplinary characteristics of schools and universities synthetically. The study of the Chinese academic web based on the model shows that at the school level, 68 of 95 disciplines (71.6%) are identified from the directed school network and 71 from the undirected school network, respectively; at the university level, four out of seven broad disciplines are found. Furthermore, according to the comparative result based on three types of relations (hyperlinks, citations and collaborations) among universities, we would like to argue with cautions that the structure on academic web would potentially be more suitable to trace the interests in common between institutions.
On the relationship between supervisor–supervisee gender difference and scientific impact of doctoral dissertations: Evidence from Humanities and Social Sciences in China
Authors: Bu Yi , Li Hanlin , Wei Chunli , Liu Meijun , Li Jiang
Published: November 2020

This article explores the relationships between supervisor–supervisee gender difference and the scientific impact of doctoral dissertations. We use the China Doctoral Dissertations Full-text Database and pay special attention to the fields of Humanities and Social Sciences in China in our empirical study. By establishing regression models, we find that the ranks of the scientific impact regarding doctoral dissertations are female–female (first), female–male (second), male–male (third) and male–female (fourth) pairs (sequence: student gender and then supervisor gender). The finding has many interesting implications for science policy and gender inequality.
Thoracoscopic (hybrid) complex chest wall resection in pediatric Ewing sarcoma
Authors: Kumar Anish Pranav Sampath , Kajamohideen Suhaildeen , Venkitaraman Balasubramanian , Bose Soundarrajan Jagadesh Chandra , Shivkumaran Sathyanarayanan M , Premkumar Prithviraj
Published: November 2020

Askin tumor (a Ewing sarcoma variant) is the most common tumor of the chest wall in the pediatric age group. Multimodal treatment is required, with complete resection being the cornerstone of effective management. We describe the case of a 13-year boy with a left paraspinal Ewing sarcoma with intraspinal extension and spinal cord compression with neurological weakness. He underwent complex surgical resection using thoracoscopic resection of multiple ribs along with vertebral resection and reconstruction, after neoadjuvant therapy.
Interactive Effects of Workplace Spirituality and Psychological Capital on Employee Negativity
Authors: Shrestha Arjun Kumar , Jena Lalatendu Kesari
Published: November 2020

This article examined the direct influence of workplace spirituality on employee negativity—organizational cynicism, counterproductive work behaviour and turnover intentions. The proposed framework also examined how psychological capital buffers the relationship between workplace spirituality and employee negativity. The sample of the study included 138 employees, working in different private and public sector organizations in Nepal. Linear regression analyses were employed to test the hypothesized direct relationships and moderated multiple regression analyses were used to test the buffering effect of psychological capital on these relationships. The analysis of data revealed that workplace spirituality negatively influences employees’ cynicism and intent to turnover. Workplace spirituality did not influence counterproductive work behaviour, while psychological capital was found to have buffering effect on the relationship between workplace spirituality and intent to turnover. The negative influence of workplace spirituality on organizational cynicism and intent to turnover suggests that organizations need to create such an environment in the workplace, where employees have feeling of higher level of workplace spirituality, in order to retain their workforce and reduce the feeling of organizational cynicism among employees. Suggestions are offered on generating spirituality and psychological capital in workplace environments.

JEL Codes: M12, M53
Emerging trends and impact of business intelligence & analytics in organizations: Case studies from India
Authors: Divatia Aditi S , Tikoria Jyoti , Lakdawala Sunil
Published: November 2020

Business Intelligence & Analytics (BI&A) has an increasing impact on decision making and business performance within most organizations today. These organizations regularly invest in resources required for BI&A. What is the impact of this investment? Which functions of the business does BI&A impact? Are there any trends seen in the usage and effectiveness of BI&A? Are these trends different across organizations with different levels of BI&A capability maturity? The purpose of this study was to discover patterns in the usage and effectiveness of BI&A across organizations which are at different levels of BI&A maturity. In the first phase of the study, the data sample was taken from 145 organizations in India. It was analyzed using the data mining technique – k-means clustering. The organizations were grouped into six clusters based on factors influencing BI&A capability maturity. In the second phase of the study, one case organization is taken from each cluster to gain deeper insights. In-depth interviews were conducted with a respondent from each case organization to understand the state of BI&A, the usage and effectiveness of BI&A. The interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis method in NVIVO 12 plus. The study identified the key characteristics which represented the state of BI&A capability maturity in the organization cluster. Findings show that groups of organization which had higher maturity of BI&A capability were using BI&A across larger number of functional areas and also experiencing the effectiveness of BI&A in more areas than the organizations which had lower maturity of BI&A capability.
Neural effects of a single dose of fluoxetine on resting-state functional connectivity in adolescent depression
Authors: Capitão Liliana P , Chapman Robert , Filippini Nicola , Wright Lucy , Murphy Susannah E , James Anthony , Cowen Phil J , Harmer Catherine J
Published: November 2020

Fluoxetine is commonly prescribed in adolescent depression, but the neural mechanisms underlying its action remain poorly understood. Here, we used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the effects of a single dose of fluoxetine vs. placebo in adolescents with major depressive disorder. In contrast with previous studies in adults that have demonstrated an acute effect of antidepressants on activity within the default mode network, a single dose of fluoxetine did not alter activity in this network in adolescent depression. There were unexpected group activity differences in the motor network, which should be clarified in future research.
Transcriptional regulation in the rat prefrontal cortex and hippocampus after a single administration of psilocybin
Authors: Jefsen Oskar Hougaard , Elfving Betina , Wegener Gregers , Müller Heidi Kaastrup
Published: November 2020

Background:

Psilocybin is a serotonergic psychedelic found in “magic mushrooms” with a putative therapeutic potential for treatment-resistant depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and addiction. In rodents, psilocybin acutely induces plasticity-related immediate early genes in cortical tissue; however, studies into the effects on subcortical regions, of different doses, and the subsequent translation of corresponding proteins are lacking.

Methods:

We examined the acute effects of a single administration of psilocybin (0.5–20 mg/kg) on the expression of selected genes in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. In total, 46 target genes and eight reference genes were assessed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Corresponding protein levels of the three most commonly regulated genes were assessed using Western blotting.

Results:

In the prefrontal cortex, psilocybin increased the expression of Cebpb, c-Fos, Dups1, Fosb, Junb, Iκβ-α, Nr4a1, P11, Psd95, and Sgk1, and decreased the expression of Clk1. In the hippocampus, psilocybin strongly increased the expression of Arrdc2, Dusp1, Iκβ-α, and Sgk1 in a dose-dependent manner, and decreased the expression of Arc, Clk1, Egr2, and Ptgs2. Protein levels of Sgk1, Dusp1, and Iκβ-α showed only partial agreement with transcriptional patterns, stressing the importance of assessing downstream translation when investigating rapid gene responses.

Conclusion:

The present study demonstrates that psilocybin rapidly induces gene expression related to neuroplasticity, biased towards the prefrontal cortex, compared to the hippocampus. Our findings provide further evidence for the rapid plasticity-promoting effects of psilocybin.
Does anxiety moderate the effectiveness of mirtazapine in patients with treatment-resistant depression? A secondary analysis of the MIR trial
Authors: Rifkin-Zybutz Raphael , MacNeill Stephanie , Davies Simon JC , Dickens Christopher , Campbell John , Anderson Ian M , Chew-Graham Carolyn A , Peters Tim J , Lewis Glyn , Wiles Nicola , Kessler David
Published: November 2020

Background:

There is a lack of evidence to guide treatment of comorbid depression and anxiety. Preliminary evidence suggests mirtazapine may be effective in treating patients with both depression and anxiety symptoms.

Methods:

We undertook a secondary analysis of mirtazapine (MIR): a placebo-controlled trial of the addition of mirtazapine to a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor or serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor in treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in primary care. We subdivided participants into three groups by baseline generalized anxiety disorder score (GAD-7): severe (GAD-7 ⩾ 16), moderate (GAD-7 = 11–15), no/mild (GAD-7 ⩽ 10). We used linear regression including likelihood-ratio testing of interaction terms to assess how baseline anxiety altered the response of participants to mirtazapine as measured by 12-week GAD-7 and Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) scores.

Results:

Baseline generalized anxiety moderated mirtazapine’s effect as measured by GAD-7 ( p = 0.041) and BDI-II ( p = 0.088) at 12 weeks. Participants with severe generalized anxiety receiving mirtazapine had lower 12-week GAD-7 score (adjusted difference between means (ADM) −2.82, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.69 to −4.95) and larger decreases in BDI-II score (ADM −6.36, 95% CI −1.60 to −10.84) than placebo. Conversely, there was no anxiolytic benefit (ADM 0.28, 95% CI −1.05 to 1.60) or antidepressant benefit (ADM −0.17, 95% CI −3.02 to 2.68) compared with placebo in those with no/mild generalized anxiety.

Conclusions:

These findings extend the evidence for the effectiveness of mirtazapine to reduce generalized anxiety in TRD in primary care. These results may inform targeted prescribing in depression based on concurrent anxiety symptoms, although these conclusions are constrained by the post-hoc nature of this analysis.
Identification of prognostic immune genes in laryngeal cancer
Authors: Xiao Huan , Su Qi-sheng , Li Chao-qian
Published: November 2020

Objective

In this study, we aimed to identify prognostic immune-related genes and establish a prognostic model for laryngeal cancer based on these genes.

Methods

Transcriptome profiles and clinical data of patients with laryngeal cancer were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. Integrated bioinformatics analyses were performed to identify genes associated with prognosis.

Results

Thirty prognostic immune-related genes for laryngeal cancer were identified. We constructed a regulatory network of prognosis comprising transcription factors and immune-related genes. Multivariate Cox regression analyses identified 15 immune-related genes in the network that were used to establish the prognostic model. The model exhibited excellent prognostic prediction ability with a high area under the curve value (0.916). The calculated risk score based on expression of the 15 immune-related genes was shown to be an independent prognostic factor for laryngeal cancer.

Conclusion

We identified prognostic immune-related genes and established a prognostic model for laryngeal cancer, which might help identify novel predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets of laryngeal cancer.
Toward a triangular theory of love for one’s musical instrument
Authors: Sternberg Robert J
Published: November 2020

This article presents an application of a triangular theory of love as it applies to love for musical instruments. The triangular theory comprises three components: intimacy, passion, and commitment. Intimacy, which is primarily emotional, refers to feelings of closeness, connectedness, warmth, communication, and emotional support. Passion, which is primarily motivational, refers to feelings that one cannot live without another, that one needs another in one’s life, and that one cannot even imagine one’s life without the other. Commitment refers to the decision to love and to stay in the relationship indefinitely. These components are applied in the article toward love of musical instruments, and the theory is given as an account of some of the factors that may lead students of musical instruments either to stay with those instruments or to quit playing them. A measure is described that could be used to assess love of musical instruments (and that is currently being validated), and empirical findings from past studies on the triangular theory of love are presented.
Wind power forecasting for the Villonaco wind farm
Authors: Maldonado-Correa Jorge , Valdiviezo-Condolo Marcelo , Viñan-Ludeña Marlon Santiago , Samaniego-Ojeda Carlos , Rojas-Moncayo Marco
Published: November 2020

Wind energy is a non-programmable form of generation, hence, accurate and reliable wind energy prediction is of great importance for the efficient operation of wind farms. This article presents a study for the prediction of active power for the Villonaco Wind Farm (VWF), located in southern Ecuador at approximately 2700 m above sea level. Through the use of artificial neural networks, experimental tests are developed based on the models of Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) to obtain a hybrid model that fits the best characteristics of the individual models. Data from the active power SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system for the years 2014 to 2018 are used to train and validate the models. Hybrid model is presented as the most appropriate option by the values obtained, viz., the mean absolute error (MAE), the mean squared error (MSE), and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) that were 0.1365, 0.0974, and 144.26, respectively, outperforming to the others wind power forecast models.
The effects of age at cochlear implantation on balance in children: A pilot study
Authors: Mujdeci Banu , Önder Sevginar , Alluşoğlu Serpil , Boynuegri Süleyman , Kum Oguzhan , Atan Dogan
Published: November 2020

Aim:

The evaluation of the effects of age at cochlear implantation on balance in children.

Research design:

Cross-sectional study.

Study sample:

Twenty children who received their cochlear implants (CI) before the chronologic age of 48 months (Early CI Group), and 20 children who received their CI at 48 months chronologic age or later (Late CI Group).

Intervention:

All children underwent Tandem Romberg (TR) test, Single-Leg stance (SLS) test, Pediatric Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction for Balance (P-CTSIB), Pediatric Balance scale (PBS) and Timed Up and Go (TUG) test.

Data collection and analysis:

The scores of TR, SLS and P-CTSIB and TUG tests and PBS were recorded. Mann Whitney U test and Independent-samples t-test were used to compare data between groups.

Results:

TR (eyes opened-EO), SLS (EO), PBS, and TUG scores and incidence in dizziness symptoms did not show significant differences between the groups ( p > 0.05). Duration of TR and SLS tests (eyes closed-EC), P-CTSIB-positions 5, and 6 were significantly longer in the Early CI Group than the Late implanted group( p < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Although the age of cochlear implantation did not affect functional balance for children, it has been found to cause impaired balance performance in difficult static conditions and increased frequency of dizziness.
Desialylation of platelet surface glycans enhances platelet adhesion to adsorbent polymers for lipoprotein apheresis
Authors: Lauková Lucia , Weiss René , Semak Vladislav , Weber Viktoria
Published: November 2020

Background:

Lipoprotein apheresis is an important therapeutic option in homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, progressive atherosclerosis, or when depletion of lipoprotein(a) is indicated. It is generally regarded as safe, but drops in platelet counts as well as sporadic episodes of thrombocytopenia have been reported. We assessed the influence of platelet desialylation, which may be induced by endogenous or pathogen-derived neuraminidases, on platelet adhesion to polyacrylate-based adsorbents for whole blood lipoprotein apheresis.

Methods:

Medical grade platelet concentrates were incubated with neuraminidase in vitro and were circulated over adsorbent columns downscaled from clinical application.

Results:

Cleavage of terminal sialic residues resulted in platelet activation with significantly elevated expression of platelet factor 4 (PF4) and in enhanced platelet adhesion to the adsorbent, accompanied by a pronounced drop in platelet counts in the column flow-through.

Conclusion:

Alterations in endogenous neuraminidase activity or exogenous (pathogen-derived) neuraminidase may trigger enhanced platelet adhesion in whole blood lipoprotein apheresis.
The price of greater representation: A cross-national analysis of parliamentary representation and media coverage sentiment for women
Authors: Shor Eran , Miltsov Alex
Published: November 2020

Previous research suggested that news media coverage tone tends to become more negative for successful women in politics (but not for successful men) when compared with less successful and well-known women. This study tests this in 17 countries. Specifically, it examines relationships between greater parliamentary representation of women and the coverage tone in articles on women in that country through a computational analysis of millions of persons’ names in more than 1,000 newspapers. Growth in parliamentary representation of women is associated with more negative coverage, lending support for explanations that suggest reactionary responses to perceived breaching of gendered social hierarchies.
Enabling and Cultivating Wiser Consumption: The Roles of Marketing and Public Policy
Authors: Ozanne Lucie K. , Stornelli Jason , Luchs Michael G. , Mick David Glen , Bayuk Julia , Birau Mia , Chugani Sunaina , Fransen Marieke L. , Herziger Atar , Komarova Yuliya , Minton Elizabeth A. , Reshadi Farnoush , Sullivan-Mort Gillian , Trujillo Carlos , Bae Hyeyoon , Kaur Tavleen , Zuniga Miguel
Published: November 2020

Contemporary consumers, societies, and ecologies face many challenges to well-being. Consumer researchers have responded with new attention to what engenders happiness and flourishing, particularly as a function of wiser consumption. Consumer wisdom has been conceptualized as the pursuit of well-being through the application of six interrelated dimensions: responsibility, purpose, flexibility, perspective, reasoning, and sustainability. However, up to now, the roles of marketing management and government policies with respect to enabling and supporting consumer wisdom have not been thoroughly and systematically considered. To do this, the authors adopt an integrative approach based on a range of theoretical and empirical insights from both consumer research and wisdom research in the social sciences. They weave these insights into the stages of an expanded version of the circular economy model of the value cycle, within which they also include the traditional four Ps of the marketing mix. This approach allows the authors to identify how marketing practices and public policies can enable and support consumer wisdom, resulting in advancements to well-being and the common good, as well as restorations to the missions and reputations of business and government.