bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive analysis of epigenetics regulation, prognostic and the correlation with immune infiltrates of GPX7 in adult gliomas
Authors: Ferreira Wallax Augusto Silva , Vitiello Glauco Akelinghton Freire , da Silva Medina Tiago , de Oliveira Edivaldo Herculano Correa
Published: April 2022

Gliomas are the most commonly occurring malignant brain tumor characterized by an immunosuppressive microenvironment accompanied by profound epigenetic changes, thus influencing the prognosis. Glutathione peroxidase 7 (GPX7) is essential for regulating reactive oxygen species homeostasis under oxidative stress. However, little is known about the function ofGPX7in gliomas. In this study, we hypothesized thatGPX7methylation status could influence biological functions and local immune responses that ultimately impact prognosis in adult gliomas. We conducted an integrated bioinformatics analysis miningGPX7DNA methylation status, transcriptional and survival data of glioma patients. We discovered thatGPX7was remarkably increased in glioma tissues and cell lines, and was associated with poor prognosis. This upregulation was significantly linked to clinicopathological and molecular features, besides being expressed in a cell cycle-dependent manner. Our results consistently demonstrated that upregulation ofGPX7is tightly modulated by epigenetic processes, which also impacted the overall survival of patients with low-grade gliomas (LGG). Based on the analysis of biological functions, we found thatGPX7might be involved in immune mechanisms involving both innate and adaptive immunity, type I interferon production and regulation of synaptic transmission in LGG, whereas in GBM, it is mainly related to metabolic regulation of mitochondrial dynamics. We also found thatGPX7strongly correlates with immune cell infiltration and diverse immune cell markers, suggesting its role in tumor-specific immune response and in regulating the migration of immune cell types to the tumor microenvironment. Combining these multiple data, we provided the first evidence regarding the epigenetic-mediated regulatory mechanisms underlyingGPX7activation in gliomas. Furthermore, our study brings key insights into the significant effect ofGPX7in modulating both immune molecules and in immune cell infiltration in the microenvironment of gliomas, which might impact the patient outcome, opening up future opportunities to regulate the local immune response.
Meta-analysis of the effects of ambient temperature and relative humidity on the risk of mumps
Authors: Wang Taiwu , Wang Junjun , Rao Jixian , Han Yifang , Luo Zhenghan , Jia Lingru , Chen Leru , Wang Chunhui , Zhang Yao , Zhang Jinhai
Published: April 2022

Many studies have shown that the relationship between ambient temperature, relative humidity and mumps has been highlighted. However, these studies showed inconsistent results. Therefore, the goal of our study is to conduct a meta-analysis to clarify this relationship and to quantify the size of these effects as well as the potential factors. Systematic literature researches on PubMed, Embase.com, Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane library, Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were performed up to February 7, 2022 for articles analyzing the relationships between ambient temperature, relative humidity and incidence of mumps. Eligibility assessment and data extraction were conducted independently by two researchers, and meta-analysis was performed to synthesize these data. We also assessed sources of heterogeneity by study region, regional climate, study population. Finally, a total of 14 studies were screened out from 1154 records and identified to estimate the relationship between ambient temperature, relative humidity and incidence of mumps. It was found that per 1 °C increase and decrease in the ambient temperature were significantly associated with increased incidence of mumps with RR of 1.0191 (95% CI: 1.0129–1.0252, I2 = 92.0%, Egger’s test P = 0.001, N = 13) for per 1 °C increase and 1.0244 (95% CI: 1.0130–1.0359, I2 = 86.6%, Egger’s test P = 0.077, N = 9) for per 1 °C decrease. As to relative humidity, only high effect of relative humidity was slightly significant (for per 1 unit increase with RR of 1.0088 (95% CI: 1.0027–1.0150), I2 = 72.6%, Egger’s test P = 0.159, N = 9). Subgroup analysis showed that regional climate with temperate areas may have a higher risk of incidence of mumps than areas with subtropical climate in cold effect of ambient temperature and low effect of relative humidity. In addition, meta-regression analysis showed that regional climate may affect the association between incidence of mumps and cold effect of ambient temperature. Our results suggest ambient temperature could affect the incidence of mumps significantly, of which both hot and cold effect of ambient temperature may increase the incidence of mumps. Further studies are still needed to clarify the relationship between the incidence of mumps and ambient temperature outside of east Asia, and many other meteorological factors. These results of ambient temperature are important for establishing preventive measures on mumps, especially in temperate areas. The policy-makers should pay more attention to ambient temperature changes and take protective measures in advance.
Assessment of heterogeneous Head Start treatment effects on cognitive and social-emotional outcomes
Authors: Lee Sun Yeop , Kim Rockli , Rodgers Justin , Subramanian S. V.
Published: April 2022

Head Start is a federally funded, nation-wide program in the U.S. for enhancing school readiness of children aged 3–5 from low-income families. Understanding heterogeneity in treatment effects (HTE) is an important task when evaluating programs, but most attempts to explore HTE in Head Start have been limited to subgroup analyses that rely on average treatment effects by subgroups. This study applies an extension of multilevel modelling, complex variance modelling, to data from a randomized controlled trial of Head Start, Head Start Impact Study (HSIS). The treatment effects on the variance, in addition to the mean, of nine cognitive and social-emotional outcomes were assessed for 4,442 children aged 3–4 years who were followed until their 3rd grade year. Head Start had positive short-term effects on the means of multiple cognitive outcomes while having no effect on the means of social-emotional outcomes. Head Start reduced the variances of multiple cognitive and one social-emotional outcomes, meaning that substantial HTE exists. In particular, the increased mean and decreased variance reflect the ability of Head Start to improve the outcomes and reduce their variability. Exploratory secondary analyses suggested that larger benefits for children with Spanish as a primary language and low parental educational level partly explained the reduced variability, but the HTE remained and the variability was reduced even within these subgroups. Routinely monitoring the treatment effects on the variance, in addition to the mean, would lead to a more comprehensive program evaluation that describes how a program performs on average and on the entire distribution.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Online positive parenting programme for promoting parenting competencies and skills: randomised controlled trial
Authors: Tuntipuchitanon Sararat , Kangwanthiti Ing-on , Jirakran Ketsupar , Trairatvorakul Pon , Chonchaiya Weerasak
Published: April 2022

Positive parenting programmes (PPP), albeit effective, are not readily accessible to the general public, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. In 103 healthy caregiver-child dyads, we investigated the effectiveness of online PPP on parenting sense of competencies (primary outcome), parenting styles and behavioural concerns of children aged 3–6 years (secondary outcomes) between 2 blinded, parallel groups. After block of 4 randomisations, intervention group (n = 52) attended live, group-based, internet delivered PPP while both intervention and active control group (n = 51) received weekly general education via communication application. Outcomes were measured at baseline, 8 and 14 weeks. Most parents from both groups had high education and household income. From the intervention group, 87.5% of the parents attended live sessions while 8.6% subsequently watched recorded sessions. At 14 weeks, the intervention group reported higher sense of competence (Wald 9.63, p = 0.008); both groups reported using more authoritative parenting style (Wald 15.52, p ≤ 0.001) from Generalised Estimating Equations model. Compared to baseline, both groups had significant reduction of children’s emotional problems at 14 weeks (mean change: Intervention = − 0.44, p = 0.033; Control = − 0.30, p = 0.046) and behavioural problems over time (Wald 7.07, p = 0.029). Online PPP offered an easily accessible, primary preventive measure to mitigate behavioural concerns and improve parental competency.

Clinical trial registration Thai Clinical Trials Registry; https://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/; TCTR20201030001; October 30, 2020.
The effects of embodying wildlife in virtual reality on conservation behaviors
Authors: Pimentel Daniel , Kalyanaraman Sri
Published: April 2022

Efforts to mitigate environmental threats are often inversely related to the magnitude of casualty, human or otherwise. This “compassion fade” can be explained, in part, by differential processing of large- versus small-scale threats: it is difficult to form empathic connections with unfamiliar masses versus singular victims. Despite robust findings, little is known about how non-human casualty is processed, and what strategies override this bias. Across four experiments, we show how embodying threatened megafauna-Loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta Caretta)-using virtual reality can offset and reverse compassion fade. After observing compassion fade during exposure to non-human casualty in virtual reality (Study 1;N = 60), we then tested a custom virtual reality simulation designed to facilitate body transfer with a threatened Loggerhead sea turtle (Study 2;N = 98). Afterwards, a field experiment (Study 3;N = 90) testing the simulation with varied number of victims showed body transfer offset compassion fade. Lastly, a fourth study (N = 25) found that charitable giving among users embodying threatened wildlife was highest when exposed to one versus several victims, though this effect was reversed if victims were of a different species. The findings demonstrate how animal embodiment in virtual reality alters processing of environmental threats and non-human casualty, thereby influencing conservation outcomes.
Mitoxantrone modulates a heparan sulfate-spike complex to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Zhang Qi , Radvak Peter , Lee Juhyung , Xu Yue , Cao-Dao Vivian , Xu Miao , Zheng Wei , Chen Catherine Z. , Xie Hang , Ye Yihong
Published: April 2022

Spike-mediated entry of SARS-CoV-2 into human airway epithelial cells is an attractive therapeutic target for COVID-19. In addition to protein receptors, the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein also interacts with heparan sulfate, a negatively charged glycosaminoglycan (GAG) attached to certain membrane proteins on the cell surface. This interaction facilitates the engagement of spike with a downstream receptor to promote viral entry. Here, we show that Mitoxantrone, an FDA-approved topoisomerase inhibitor, targets a heparan sulfate-spike complex to compromise the fusogenic function of spike in viral entry. As a single agent, Mitoxantrone inhibits the infection of an authentic SARS-CoV-2 strain in a cell-based model and in human lung EpiAirway 3D tissues. Gene expression profiling supports the plasma membrane as a major target of Mitoxantrone but also underscores an undesired activity targeting nucleosome dynamics. We propose that Mitoxantrone analogs bearing similar heparan sulfate-binding activities but with reduced affinity for DNA topoisomerases may offer an alternative therapy to overcome breakthrough infections in the post-vaccine era.
Epigenetic remodelling of Fxyd1 promoters in developing heart and brain tissues
Authors: Cuomo Mariella , Florio Ermanno , Della Monica Rosa , Costabile Davide , Buonaiuto Michela , Di Risi Teodolinda , De Riso Giulia , Sarnataro Antonella , Cocozza Sergio , Visconti Roberta , Chiariotti Lorenzo
Published: April 2022

FXYD1 is a key protein controlling ion channel transport. FXYD1 exerts its function by regulating Na+/K+-ATPase activity, mainly in brain and cardiac tissues. Alterations of the expression level of the FXYD1 protein cause diastolic dysfunction and arrhythmias in heart and decreased neuronal dendritic tree and spine formation in brain. Moreover, FXYD1, a target of MeCP2, plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of the Rett syndrome, a neurodevelopmental disorder. Thus, the amount of FXYD1 must be strictly controlled in a tissue specific manner and, likely, during development. Epigenetic modifications, particularly DNA methylation, represent the major candidate mechanism that may regulate Fxyd1 expression. In the present study, we performed a comprehensive DNA methylation analysis and mRNA expression level measurement of the two Fxyd1 transcripts, Fxyd1a and Fxyd1b, in brain and heart tissues during mouse development. We found that DNA methylation at Fxyd1a increased during brain development and decreased during heart development along with coherent changes in mRNA expression levels. We also applied ultra-deep methylation analysis to detect cell to cell methylation differences and to identify possible distinct methylation profile (epialleles) distribution between heart and brain and in different developmental stages. Our data indicate that the expression of Fxyd1 transcript isoforms inversely correlates with DNA methylation in developing brain and cardiac tissues suggesting the existence of a temporal-specific epigenetic program. Moreover, we identified a clear remodeling of epiallele profiles which were distinctive for single developmental stage both in brain and heart tissues.
Efficacy of high-flow nasal oxygenation against peri- and post-procedural hypoxemia in patients with obesity: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Hung Kuo-Chuan , Ko Ching-Chung , Chang Po-Chih , Wang Kuei-Fen , Teng I.-Chia , Lin Chien-Hung , Huang Ping-Wen , Sun Cheuk-Kwan
Published: April 2022

This meta-analysis aimed at investigating the efficacy of high-flow nasal oxygenation (HFNO) against hypoxemia in patients with obesity compared with conventional oxygenation therapy and non-invasive ventilation. Databases were searched from inception to August 2021. Studies involving peri- or post-procedural use of HFNO were included. The primary outcome was risk of hypoxemia, while the secondary outcomes included status of oxygenation and carbon dioxide elimination. Ten randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. We found that HFNO prolonged the safe apnea time at induction compared to control group [mean difference (MD) = 73.88 s, p = 0.0004; 2 RCTs] with no difference in risk of peri-procedural hypoxemia [relative risk (RR) = 0.91, p = 0.64; 4 RCTs], minimum SpO2 (MD = 0.09%, p = 0.95; 4 RCTs), PaO2 (MD = − 8.13 mmHg, p = 0.86; 3 RCTs), PaCO2 (MD = − 6.71%, p = 0.2; 2 RCTs), EtCO2 (MD = − 0.28 mmHg, p = 0.8; 4 RCTs) between the two groups. HFNO also did not improve postprocedural PaO2/FiO2 ratio (MD = 41.76, p = 0.58; 2 RCTs) and PaCO2 (MD = − 2.68 mmHg, p = 0.07; 2 RCTs). This meta-analysis demonstrated that the use of HFNO may be associated with a longer safe apnea time without beneficial impact on the risk of hypoxemia, oxygenation, and CO2 elimination in patients with obesity. The limited number of trials warranted further large-scale studies to support our findings.
Silencing of STE20-type kinase STK25 in human aortic endothelial and smooth muscle cells is atheroprotective
Authors: Cansby Emmelie , Kumari Sima , Caputo Mara , Xia Ying , Porosk Rando , Robinson Jonathan , Wang Hao , Olsson Britt-Marie , Vallin Josefine , Grantham Julie , Soomets Ursel , Svensson L. Thomas , Sihlbom Carina , Marschall Hanns-Ulrich , Edsfeldt Andreas , Goncalves Isabel , Mahlapuu Margit
Published: April 2022

Recent studies highlight the importance of lipotoxic damage in aortic cells as the major pathogenetic contributor to atherosclerotic disease. Since the STE20-type kinase STK25 has been shown to exacerbate ectopic lipid storage and associated cell injury in several metabolic organs, we here investigate its role in the main cell types of vasculature. We depleted STK25 by small interfering RNA in human aortic endothelial and smooth muscle cells exposed to oleic acid and oxidized LDL. In both cell types, the silencing of STK25 reduces lipid accumulation and suppresses activation of inflammatory and fibrotic pathways as well as lowering oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Notably, in smooth muscle cells, STK25 inactivation hinders the shift from a contractile to a synthetic phenotype. Together, we provide several lines of evidence that antagonizing STK25 signaling in human aortic endothelial and smooth muscle cells is atheroprotective, highlighting this kinase as a new potential therapeutic target for atherosclerotic disease.
MFG-E8 promotes osteogenic transdifferentiation of smooth muscle cells and vascular calcification by regulating TGF-β1 signaling
Authors: Chiang Hou-Yu , Chu Pao-Hsien , Chen Shao-Chi , Lee Ting-Hein
Published: April 2022

Vascular calcification occurs in arterial aging, atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus, and chronic kidney disease. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is a key modulator driving the osteogenic transdifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), leading to vascular calcification. We hypothesize that milk fat globule–epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8), a glycoprotein expressed in VSMCs, promotes the osteogenic transdifferentiation of VSMCs through the activation of TGF-β1-mediated signaling. We observe that the genetic deletion of MFG-E8 prevents calcium chloride-induced vascular calcification in common carotid arteries (CCAs). The exogenous application of MFG-E8 to aged CCAs promotes arterial wall calcification. MFG-E8-deficient cultured VSMCs exhibit decreased biomineralization and phenotypic transformation to osteoblast-like cells in response to osteogenic medium. MFG-E8 promotes β1 integrin–dependent MMP2 expression, causing TGF-β1 activation and subsequent VSMC osteogenic transdifferentiation and biomineralization. Thus, the established molecular link between MFG-E8 and vascular calcification suggests that MFG-E8 can be therapeutically targeted to mitigate vascular calcification.
Exome sequencing of families from Ghana reveals known and candidate hearing impairment genes
Authors: Wonkam Ambroise , Adadey Samuel Mawuli , Schrauwen Isabelle , Aboagye Elvis Twumasi , Wonkam-Tingang Edmond , Esoh Kevin , Popel Kalinka , Manyisa Noluthando , Jonas Mario , deKock Carmen , Nembaware Victoria , Cornejo Sanchez Diana M. , Bharadwaj Thashi , Nasir Abdul , Everard Jenna L. , Kadlubowska Magda K. , Nouel-Saied Liz M. , Acharya Anushree , Quaye Osbourne , Amedofu Geoffrey K. , Awandare Gordon A. , Leal Suzanne M.
Published: April 2022

We investigated hearing impairment (HI) in 51 families from Ghana with at least two affected members that were negative forGJB2pathogenic variants. DNA samples from 184 family members underwent whole-exome sequencing (WES). Variants were found in 14 known non-syndromic HI (NSHI) genes [26/51 (51.0%) families], five genes that can underlie either syndromic HI or NSHI [13/51 (25.5%)], and one syndromic HI gene [1/51 (2.0%)]. Variants inCDH23andMYO15Acontributed the most to HI [31.4% (16/51 families)]. ForDSPP, an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance was detected. Post-lingual expression was observed for a family segregating aMARVELD2variant. To our knowledge, seven novel candidate HI genes were identified (13.7%), with six associated with NSHI (INPP4B,CCDC141, MYO19, DNAH11, POTEI, andSOX9); and one (PAX8) with Waardenburg syndrome.MYO19andDNAH11were replicated in unrelated Ghanaian probands. Six of the novel genes were expressed in mouse inner ear. It is known thatPax8-/-mice do not respond to sound, and depletion of Sox9 resulted in defective vestibular structures and abnormal utricle development. Most variants (48/60; 80.0%) have not previously been associated with HI. Identifying seven candidate genes in this study emphasizes the potential of novel HI genes discovery in Africa.
Molecular dynamics simulations of the evaporation of hydrated ions from aqueous solution
Authors: Loche Philip , Bonthuis Douwe J. , Netz Roland R.
Published: April 2022

Although important for atmospheric processes and gas-phase catalysis, very little is known about the hydration state of ions in the vapor phase. Here we study the evaporation energetics and kinetics of a chloride ion from liquid water by molecular dynamics simulations. As chloride permeates the interface, a water finger forms and breaks at a chloride separation of ≈ 2.8 nm from the Gibbs dividing surface. For larger separations from the interface, about 7 water molecules are estimated to stay bound to chloride in saturated water vapor, as corroborated by continuum dielectrics and statistical mechanics models. This ion hydration significantly reduces the free-energy barrier for evaporation. The effective chloride diffusivity in the transition state is found to be about 6 times higher than in bulk, which reflects the highly mobile hydration dynamics as the water finger breaks. Both effects significantly increase the chloride evaporation flux from the quiescent interface of an electrolyte solution, which is predicted from reaction kinetic theory.
Optimizing higher-order network topology for synchronization of coupled phase oscillators
Authors: Tang Ying , Shi Dinghua , Lü Linyuan
Published: April 2022

Networks in nature have complex interactions among agents. One significant phenomenon induced by interactions is synchronization of coupled agents, and the interactive network topology can be tuned to optimize synchronization. Previous studies showed that the optimized conventional network with pairwise interactions favors a homogeneous degree distribution of nodes for undirected interactions, and is always structurally asymmetric for directed interactions. However, the optimal control on synchronization for prevailing higher-order interactions is less explored. Here, by considering the higher-order interactions in a hypergraph and the Kuramoto model with 2-hyperlink interactions, we find that the network topology with optimized synchronizability may have distinct properties. For undirected interactions, optimized networks with 2-hyperlink interactions by simulated annealing tend to become homogeneous in the nodes’ generalized degree. We further rigorously demonstrate that for directed interactions, the structural symmetry can be preserved in the optimally synchronizable network with 2-hyperlink interactions. The results suggest that controlling the network topology of higher-order interactions leads to synchronization phenomena beyond pairwise interactions.
Non-equilibrium thermodynamics of mixed ionic-electronic conductive electrodes and their interfaces: a Ni/CGO study
Authors: Williams Nicholas J. , Seymour Ieuan D. , Leah Robert T. , Banerjee Aayan , Mukerjee Subhasish , Skinner Stephen J.
Published: April 2022

Non-equilibrium thermodynamics describe the current–voltage characteristics of electrochemical devices.
Long-lived, near-IR emission from Cr(iii) under ambient conditions
Authors: Sawicka Natalia , Craze Chloe J. , Horton Peter N. , Coles Simon J. , Richards Emma , Pope Simon J. A.
Published: April 2022

[Cr(N^N^N)2]PF6 complexes that incorporate both pyridyl and isoindoline donors possess physical properties that lead to the observation of near-IR phosphorescence (928–949 nm) under aerated solvent conditions at room temperature.
Design and synthesis of a deep tissue penetrating near-infrared two-photon fluorescence probe for the specific detection of NQO1
Authors: Wu Wenjing , Li Xing , Zhao Lingyu , Li Shumu , Han Juanjuan , Zhang Yangyang , Zhao Zhenwen
Published: April 2022

A novel fluorescent probe is presented for the selective detection of NQO1 in cells and in vivo with two-photon absorption and NIR emission.
Auto-cycling primer extension for amplified microRNA detection
Authors: Wang Huimin , Wang Jiaoli , Liu Ruiting , Liu Zhenxiang , Wang Kemin , Huang Jin
Published: April 2022

We present a new isothermal nucleic acid amplification technique, termed auto-cycling primer extension (APE). It repeatedly extends short DNA primers to longer DNA hairpins, a DNA-based copy-and-release hairpin (CRH) and palindromic sequence design.
Biphenylene monolayer: a novel nonbenzenoid carbon allotrope with potential application as an anode material for high-performance sodium-ion batteries
Authors: Han Ting , Liu Yu , Lv Xiaodong , Li Fengyu
Published: April 2022

Biphenylene monolayer, a novel carbon allotrope of metallic character, is a promising anode material for high-performance sodium-ion batteries.
Reply to the ‘Comment on “Can bulk nanobubbles be stabilized by electrostatic interaction?”’ by S. Koshoridze and Y. Levin, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2022, 24, DOI: 10.1039/D1CP04406K
Authors: Wang Shuo , Zhou Limin , Gao Yongxiang
Published: April 2022

The pressure distribution around a charged nanobubble is similar to the atmospheric pressure around the Earth.
Metavalent bonding in chalcogenides: DFT-chemical pressure approach
Authors: Osman Hussien Helmy Hassan , Manjón Francisco Javier
Published: April 2022

Understanding the chemical bond nature has attracted considerable attention as it is crucial to analyze and comprehend the different physical and chemical properties of materials.
para-Chlorotetrafluorophenyl-boranes – syntheses and structures of a series of mono- and bidentate Lewis acids
Authors: Becker Christian , Trapp Pia C. , Neumann Beate , Stammler Hans-Georg , Mitzel Norbert W.
Published: April 2022

Synthetic pathways for the introduction of the para-chlorotetrafluorophenyl substituent to the chemistry of highly acidic boranes were investigated.
A deprotonation pathway to reactive [B]CH2 boraalkenes
Authors: Škoch Karel , Chen Chaohuang , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Kehr Gerald , Erker Gerhard
Published: April 2022

The BH compounds IMes(ArF)BH(NTf2) (ArF: C6F5 or FpXyl) were converted to the IMes(ArF)BCH2 boraalkenes in a three step reaction sequence of B-methylation with methyllithium, hydride abstraction and deprotonation.
Hydrovoltaic energy harvesting from moisture flow using an ionic polymer–hydrogel–carbon composite
Authors: Liu Chang , Wang Sijia , Wang Xun , Mao Jianjun , Chen Yue , Fang Nicholas X. , Feng Shien-Ping
Published: April 2022

Ionic polymer–hydrogel–carbon composite for harvesting the energy conveyed by moisture flow.
Advances and challenges of broadband solar absorbers for efficient solar steam generation
Authors: Liu Ying , Zhao Jian , Zhang Siyu , Li Dengyu , Zhang Xuejiao , Zhao Qing , Xing Baoshan
Published: April 2022

This review provides guidance for solar absorber design, selection, and optimization, and evaporation system engineering for efficient solar-driven evaporation.
Control of starch–lipid interactions on starch digestibility during hot-extrusion 3D printing for starchy foods
Authors: Liu Zipeng , Chen Ling , Zheng Bo
Published: April 2022

In the HE-3DP environment, thermal shear force promotes hydrophobic interactions between starch and lipids, forming a V-type starch–lipid complex with a compact and ordered structure, thus enhancing the anti-digestibility of starch.
Selectfluor-mediated construction of 3-arylselenenyl and 3,4-bisarylselenenyl spiro[4.5]trienones via cascade annulation of N-phenylpropiolamides with diselenides
Authors: Yuan Jin-Wei , Chen Qian , Wu Wen-Tao , Zhao Jian-Jun , Yang Liang-Ru , Xiao Yong-Mei , Mao Pu , Qu Ling-Bo
Published: April 2022

A cascade annulation of N-phenylpropiolamides with diselenides leading to the construction of 3-arylselenenyl spiro[4.5]trienones was realized under mild conditions with Selectfluor as the sole oxidant.
Si doped T-graphene: a 2D lattice as an anode electrode in Na ion secondary batteries
Authors: Yadav Neha , Dhilip Kumar T. J.
Published: April 2022

Heteroatom doping into 2-dimensional lattices of materials such as graphene brings revolutionary reform in the field of materials endowing the parent material with remarkable properties.
Chemoenzymatic total synthesis of nodulones C and D using a naphthol reductase of Magnaporthe grisea
Authors: Manna Tanaya , Rajput Anshul , Saha Nirmal , Mondal Amit , Debnath Subhas Chandra , Husain Syed Masood
Published: April 2022

Herein, the asymmetric and chemoenzymatic synthesis of (R)-nodulone C, cis-nodulone D and related (R)-dihydronaphthalenone is reported.
Optimizing optical properties of hybrid core/shell perovskite nanocrystals
Authors: Li Junzi , Guo Zhihang , Xiao Shuyu , Tu Yudi , He Tingchao , Zhang Wenjing
Published: April 2022

One kind of core/shell hybrid perovskite nanocrystal (NC) has been synthesized. Compared with bare NCs, the core/shell NCs are promising for the application of two-photon excited stimulated amplified emission.
Water oxidation by Brønsted acid-catalyzedin situgenerated thiol cation: dual function of the acid catalyst leading to transition metal-free substitution and addition reactions of S–S bonds
Authors: Ma Xiantao , Zhu Yingying , Yu Jing , Yan Ran , Xie Xiaoni , Huang Lijun , Wang Qi , Chang Xue-Ping , Xu Qing
Published: April 2022

An unprecedented water oxidation reaction by a small organic molecule is observed for the first time. This led to the facile synthesis of thioethersviaBrønsted acid-catalyzed reactions of alcohols, alkenes, and alkynes with advantageous disulfides.
Tungsten catalysed decarboxylative [3 + 2] cycloaddition aromatization: one-pot synthesis of trifluoromethyl-pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines with visible light irradiation
Authors: Yu Daohong , Liu Yungen , Che Chi-Ming
Published: April 2022

Trifluoromethyl-pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinolines, which are difficult to prepare via traditional methods, could be readily prepared via a tungsten-catalysed decarboxylative [3 + 2] cycloaddition aromatization process.
Phenanthrene cyclocarbonylation – core post-synthetic modification of phenanthriporphyrin
Authors: Kupietz Kamil , Białek Michał J. , Szyszko Bartosz , Sarwa Aleksandra , Latos-Grażyński Lechosław
Published: April 2022

The unique [Fe(CO)5]-induced cyclocarbonylation of the phenanthriporphyrin core is an intriguing example of a post-synthetic modification of the macrocyclic cavity.
Pyranopyrazole based Schiff base for rapid colorimetric detection of arginine in aqueous and real samples
Authors: Bawa Rashim , Deswal Nidhi , Negi Swati , Dalela Manu , Kumar Amit , Kumar Rakesh
Published: April 2022

A novel pyranopyrazole-based Schiff base PPS has been synthesized via a condensation reaction between aldehyde and hydrazide derivatives of pyranopyrazole.
The effect of mutation in the stem of the MicroROSE thermometer on its thermosensing ability: insights from molecular dynamics simulation studies
Authors: Halder Swagata , Bansal Manju
Published: April 2022

Mutation induced thermosensing ability of MicroROSE thermometer.
Rapid electrochemical detection of MiRNA-21 facilitated by the excellent catalytic ability of Pt@CeO2 nanospheres
Authors: Chen Peiwu , Jiang Lan , Xie Xianjin , Sun Dong , Liu Jinyao , Zhao Yuefeng , Li Yuhao , Balbín Tamayo Abel Ibrahim , Liu Baolin , Miao Yuqing , Ouyang Ruizhuo
Published: April 2022

New Pt@CeO2 nanospheres with advanced catalytic ability were successfully applied to fabricate a highly sensitive electrochemical RNA sensor for rapid detection of miRNA-21 in real blood samples.
Pressure-induced polymerization and bandgap-adjustment of TPEPA
Authors: Han Jun , Cui Jieshun , Zheng Qunfei , Yan Zhipeng , Li Yun , Chen Jian , Yao Xiaodong , Dai Guangyang , Wang Shanmin , Liu Ying , Wang Hsing-Lin , Zhao Yusheng , Zhu Jinlong
Published: April 2022

Organic solar cells have become an important development direction in solar cell materials because of their low cost, light weight, and good flexibility.
Vanadium-doped phosphomolybdic acids as catalysts for geraniol oxidation with hydrogen peroxide
Authors: José da Silva Márcio , Vergara Torres Jonh Alexander , Vilanculo Castelo Bandane
Published: April 2022

The vanadium-doped phosphomolybdic acid (H4PMo11VO40) was the most active and selective heteropoly catalyst in one-pot oxidative esterification of benzaldehyde with hydrogen peroxide.
Metal chloride anion based ionic liquids: synthesis, characterization and evaluation of performance in hydrogen sulfide oxidative absorption
Authors: Aminuddin Muhammad Syahir , Bustam Khalil Mohamad Azmi , Abdullah Bawadi
Published: April 2022

Three metal chloride anion based ionic liquids (MCABILs) were synthesized and characterized for high conversion of hydrogen sulfide (H2S).
Birnessite-clay mineral couple in the rock varnish: a nature's electrocatalyst
Authors: Chaddha Amritpal Singh , Singh Narendra Kumar , Malviya Manisha , Sharma Anupam
Published: April 2022

Efficient water splitting by birnessite-clay minerals in natural rock varnish, paving the way for the synthesis of a new generation of cost-effective MnO2 electrocatalysts inspired by nature.
Ag/AgCl clusters derived from AgCu alloy nanoparticles as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Balkan Timuçin , Küçükkeçeci Hüseyin , Aksoy Dilan , Harfouche Messaoud , Metin Önder , Kaya Sarp
Published: April 2022

Ag/AgCl porous structures have been developed from AgCu alloy nanoparticles. AgCl on the surface formed upon dealloying strongly affects ORR activities.
Subtle changes in pH affect the packing and robustness of fatty acid bilayers
Authors: Lowe Lauren A. , Kindt James T. , Cranfield Charles , Cornell Bruce , Macmillan Alexander , Wang Anna
Published: April 2022

Extremely small shifts in pH could have impacted the ability of fatty-acid-based primitive cells to thrive, with survival under osmotic stress and the ability to retain encapsulated material severely impacted at higher pHs.
Eutectic dual-phase microstructure modulated porous high-entropy alloys as high-performance bifunctional electrocatalysts for water splitting
Authors: Han Xiao , Chen Qiao , Chen Qingxi , Wu Qingfeng , Xu Ziyuan , Zheng Tao , Li Weizhao , Cui Dingcong , Duan Zhiyao , Zhang Jing , Li Junjie , Li Hejun , Wang Zhijun , Wang Jincheng , Xia Zhenhai
Published: April 2022

High entropy alloys (HEAs) are promising as multifunctional electrocatalysts owing to their inherent compositional and structural complexity and thus the multiple active sites for different reactions.
Passerini chemistries for synthesis of polymer pro-drug and polymersome drug delivery nanoparticles
Authors: Travanut Alessandra , Monteiro Patrícia F. , Smith Sean , Howdle Steven M. , Grabowska Anna M. , Kellam Barrie , Meier Michael A. R. , Alexander Cameron
Published: April 2022

New materials chemistries are urgently needed to overcome the limitations of existing biomedical materials in terms of preparation, functionality and versatility, and also in regards to their compatibility with biological environments.
Application of “smart” multifunctional nanoprobes in tumor diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Xuan Yang , Gao Yating , Guan Meng , Zhang Shubiao
Published: April 2022

Illustration of the preparations, applications and mechanisms of two kinds of “smart” multifunctional nanoprobes: “Off–On” nanoprobes and “Charge-Reversal” nanoprobes.
Annexin A1 treatment prevents the evolution to fibrosis of experimental nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Authors: Gadipudi Laila Lavanya , Ramavath Naresh Naik , Provera Alessia , Reutelingsperger Chris , Albano Emanuele , Perretti Mauro , Sutti Salvatore
Published: April 2022

Annexin A1 (AnxA1) is an important effector in the resolution of inflammation which is involved in modulating hepatic inflammation in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In the present study, we have investigated the possible effects of treatment with AnxA1 for counteracting the progression of experimental NASH.

NASH was induced in C57BL/6 mice by feeding methionine–choline deficient (MCD) or Western diets (WDs) and the animals were treated for 4–6 weeks with human recombinant AnxA1 (hrAnxA1; 1 µg, daily IP) or saline once NASH was established.

In both experimental models, treatment with hrAnxA1 improved parenchymal injury and lobular inflammation without interfering with the extension of steatosis. Furthermore, administration of hrAnxA1 significantly attenuated the hepatic expression of α1-procollagen and TGF-β1 and reduced collagen deposition, as evaluated by collagen Sirius Red staining. Flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry showed that hrAnxA1 did not affect the liver recruitment of macrophages, but strongly interfered with the formation of crown-like macrophage aggregates and reduced their capacity of producing pro-fibrogenic mediators like osteopontin (OPN) and galectin-3 (Gal-3). This effect was related to an interference with the acquisition of a specific macrophage phenotype characterized by the expression of the Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells 2 (TREM-2), CD9 and CD206, previously associated with NASH evolution to cirrhosis.

Collectively, these results indicate that, beside ameliorating hepatic inflammation, AnxA1 is specifically effective in preventing NASH-associated fibrosis by interfering with macrophage pro-fibrogenic features. Such a novel function of AnxA1 gives the rationale for the development of AnxA1 analogs for the therapeutic control of NASH evolution.
Transient surface charge of SF6‐filled direct current gas‐insulated transmission lines insulator under thermal‐electric coupled fields: effects of ambient temperature, load current and gas pressure
Authors: Li Xiaolong , Han Songling , Wang Wen , Geng Zhenxin , Lin Xin
Published: April 2022

The transient surface charge characteristics of a basin‐type insulator in horizontally installed SF6‐filled direct current gas‐insulated transmission lines (DC‐GIL) are investigated based on a three‐dimension (3D) simulation model under thermal‐electric coupled stress. The influence of ambient temperature, load current and gas pressure on the surface charge and electric field characteristics is investigated. Simulation results indicate that the surface charge accumulation process is accelerated due to the promotion of bulk conduction under high ambient temperature, high load current and low gas pressure. The transient field variation is accelerated as the consequence. The highest field strength on the convex surface increases and moves towards the enclosure with increasing time. With increasing load current, the field strength increases due to the influence of charge accumulation and temperature‐dependent conductivity of the insulator. It is revealed that the transient surface charge under coupled fields should be focused when dealing with the insulation characteristics of DC‐GIL insulators during long‐term operation. The mentioned operating conditions should be paid attention. This method introduced in this study can help to evaluate the 3D transient charge and field characteristics under various conditions.
Haariger Hebel – Fallbeispiel laterale Epicondylopathie
Authors: Henckel Charlott-Sophie
Published: April 2022

In ihrer Arbeit als Friseurin belastet Frau T. ihren linken Arm beispielsweise durch große und schwere Föns, die den Hebelarm verlängern und so die Unterarmmuskulatur strapazieren. Das Erscheinungsbild des lateralen Ellbogenschmerzes ist meist durch ein Zusammenspiel mehrerer begünstigender Faktoren geprägt. Dies ist für die Befunderhebung und anschließende Behandlungsplanung von entscheidender Bedeutung. Denn der Weg führt von der lokal überlasteten Struktur häufig zum HWS-/Schulterkomplex.
Manganese-Catalyzed Synthesis of Imines from Primary Alcohols and (Hetero)Aromatic Amines
Authors: Raydan Daniel , Friães Sofia , Royo Beatriz , Marques M. Manuel B. , Viduedo Nuno , Santos A. Sofia , Gomes Clara S. B.
Published: April 2022

Herein, we describe the synthesis of a wide variety of imines through oxidative coupling of alcohols and aromatic amines catalyzed by Mn complexes bearing N^N triazole ligands. A wide variety of imines in excellent yields (up to 99%) have been prepared. Mn-based catalysts proved to be highly efficient and versatile, allowing for the first time the preparation of several imines containing N-based heterocycles.
In Vitro and In Silico Evaluation of ACE2 and LOX Inhibitory Activity of Origanum Essential Oils and Carvacrol
Authors: Demirci Fatih , Teralı Kerem , Karadağ Ayşe Esra , Biltekin Sevde Nur , Ak Sakallı Ezgi , Demirci Betül , Koşar Müberra , Başer K. Hüsnü Can
Published: April 2022

Origanum spp. are used both for culinary purposes and for their biological activities. In this study, commercial Origanum majorana, Origanum minutiflorum, Origanum vulgare,
and Origanum onites essential oils and their prominent constituent carvacrol were evaluated for their in vitro and in silico angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and
lipoxygenase enzyme inhibitory potentials. The essential oils were analysed by gas chromatography-flame ionisation detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, where carvacrol was
identified as the major component (62 – 81%), confirming the quality. In vitro enzyme inhibition assays were conducted both with the essential oils (20 µg/mL) and with carvacrol
(5 µg/mL). The comparative values of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 percent inhibition for O. majorana, O. minutiflorum, O. vulgare, and O. onites essential oils were
determined as 85.5, 79.1, 74.3, and 42.8%, respectively. As a result of the enzyme assays, carvacrol showed 90.7% in vitro angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 inhibitory activity. The
in vitro lipoxygenase inhibition of the essential oils (in the same order) was 89.4, 78.9, 81.1, and 73.5%, respectively, where carvacrol showed 74.8% inhibition. In addition,
protein–ligand docking and interaction profiling was used to gain structural and mechanistic insights into the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and lipoxygenase inhibitory potentials of major
Origanum essential oil constituents. The in silico findings agreed with the significant enzyme inhibition activity observed in vitro. Further in vivo studies are
suggested to confirm the safety and efficacy of the oils.
Synthesis of Cyclopropyl Pinacol Boronic Esters from Dibromo­cyclopropanes
Authors: Neouchy Zeina , Hullaert Jan , Verhoeven Jonas , Meerpoel Lieven , Thuring Jan-Willem , Verniest Guido , Winne Johan
Published: April 2022

The synthesis of cyclopropyl pinacol boronic esters from dibromocyclopropanes via Matteson–Pasto rearrangement is reported. The method is readily scalable and shows limited levels of stereoinduction, with a selectivity that is in part complementary to that observed in existing stereoselective borylcyclopropanation strategies. The method can be used to rapidly access borylcyclopropanes as interesting building blocks for diversely functionalized cyclopropanes.
Management of Atopic Dermatitis with Individualised Homoeopathic Treatment
Authors: Sanyal Srimonti , Bhaumik Himadri , Goswami Pritam
Published: April 2022

Skin being an important protective organ of body has its own functional and cosmetic values. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a disease comprising of heterogenous skin manifestations with intense itching. AD affects people of all age groups and ethnicities and has psychosocial impact on the patient. Being the leading cause of global burden of skin disease, this disease also enhances the chances of developing food allergy, allergic asthma etc. Moreover, due to poor hygiene and decreased protective barrier function, AD often gets infected by certain pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Malassezia, Molluscum etc.), as a result of which patient suffers from life-threatening complications. Absence of specific diagnostic test with gradual escalation in the disease burden makes it one of the chief concerns for the health care workers. For dermatological diseases, homoeopathy stands out as a prime choice for many patients. In this case, a 72-year-old male patient presented with symptoms of dry, itchy eruptions on right hand for the last 2 years. He also developed similar itching eruptions in and around navel. The patient was clinically diagnosed with AD and treated with individualised homoeopathic treatment. Initially, he was prescribed Tuberculinum which improved the patient and finally he was cured by Sulphur.
Endovascular Procedure in Patient with Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm after High-Risk Early Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Taofan Taofan , Adiarto Suko , Indriani Suci , Rezeki Arindya , Oepangat Emanoel , Santoso Rony Marethianto
Published: April 2022

The aim of the study is to present the success of an endovascular procedure for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) patient with high-risk non-ST elevation myocardial infarct (NSTEMI) after early percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A 56-year-old man came to our emergency room with a history of early PCI in the previous hospital and received dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). His COVID-19 test result was unknown. This patient was then being re-examined and was diagnosed with ruptured AAA. Despite his pending COVID-19 laboratory results, we decided to perform an urgent endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) in this patient, considering his DAPT consumption history. The procedure was successful and the patient's condition after EVAR showed improvements. In patients with ruptured AAA with high-risk NSTEMI who just underwent early PCI and recently received DAPT, endovascular procedure can be considered as the treatment of choice since open surgery repair is contraindicated.
Minimally Invasive Transpedicular Screw Fixation: Review of 152 Cases in a Single Institution. Steep or Shallow Learning Curve?
Authors: Gabrovsky Nikolay , Ilkov Petar , Laleva Maria , Iliev Cvetoslav , Gabrovsky Stefan
Published: April 2022

Background In this study, we analyze our institutional experience and personal impressions using minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) to describe our learning curve and how experience influenced different parameters of the surgical procedure.

Methods The study was conducted prospectively and included the first consecutive 152 patients treated with MISS techniques. Patient demographics, surgical data, length of hospital stay, and clinical outcome were reviewed. The cohort was divided into consecutive quarters. Comparison between the quarters and timeline analysis were made to assess the learning curve.

Results Only percutaneous transpedicular screw fixation was performed in 65 cases, minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MI-TLIF) in 70 cases, and vertebral body replacement in 4 cases. The average blood loss was 113.3, 115, 106.6, and 107.1 mL for each quarter. The average operative time was 155.0, 143.2, 134.5, and 133.8 minutes for the four quarters, whereas the average radiation exposure time was 105.4, 85.3, 46.2, and 45.2 seconds. Differences in the operative time and radiation exposure time between the first to third and the first to fourth quarters were statistically significant.

Conclusions Some advantages of MISS techniques could be observed with the very first cases and were not related significantly with the surgeon's experience with MISS. With the acquisition of more experience, some disadvantages of MISS techniques such as longer operative time and longer X-ray exposure can be substantially reduced. Surgical experience, familiarity of the team with the MISS instrumentation, and good patient selection are crucial for achieving all the benefits of MISS.