bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multi-criteria assessment of the development options for organizational and technological systems
Authors: Zilberova I Yu , Tomashuk E A , Bobkin V A
Published: September 2020

Practical justification and decision-making in construction is a difficult task. The customers formulate the terms of reference, on the basis of which, using the methods of comparing the solution options, determining their priority based on the degree of influence of organizational, technological, technical, economic and other factors, the solution options are developed and, therefore, a construction management system is formed as a whole.

The development of the required action scenario is aimed at achieving the optimal end result. The decisive factor in this case is the final result of the functioning of the organizational and technical structure.

This approach is fundamental in the formation of the organizational - technological management system, considered as a subsystem in the general system of construction production. Decision making is carried out in order to achieve the optimal (or most rational) end result when choosing a reliable technical or organizational-technological option. The backbone decisive factor is the specific system’s outcome.
The analysis of the high-precision light rangefinder CD-1200 optical path
Authors: Hayrapetyan Ye H , Petrosyan H S , Sargsyan G A
Published: September 2020

The scheme of a high-precision laser rangefinder with a crystal light modulator, which has the ability to work both on the compensation and on the two-phase mode of the linear measurements modulating method, is considered. The two-phase method is implemented by introducing another electro-optical crystal EOC in the receiving path, rotated 90° relative to the first one around the optical Z axis. In this case, a second signal is formed in the optical channel of the light rangefinder, shifted relative to the first signal by 180°. The measurement of the residual phase cycle occurs when the periodically received signals are equal. A theoretical analysis of the proposed scheme is carried out and in this case it is shown that, the receiving points fixing sensitivity increases, leading to an increase in the accuracy of linear measurements in 3-4 times, estimated by the phase determination error value of mφ = 0.02-0.03 mm.
Features of the planning system for repair and construction production as a part of the urban programs’ implementation
Authors: Zilberova I Yu , Petrov K S , Neama Mohsen Al Fatla Abdullah
Published: September 2020

The paper presents the results of the study, which formed the methodological foundations for constructing a system of the urban programs’ rational planning in the field of housing and communal services and the urban environment, which provide intellectual support for decision-making. The use of the considered problems and proposed methods for their solutions is advisable to put into practice in informatization and computerization of the urban processes.
Features of engineering and geological surveys in the conditions of dense city building
Authors: Belash V V , Sheina S G
Published: September 2020

Engineering and geological conditions of the reconstructed territories are the important city-regulating factors in the development of master plans and land use as well as the development rules. They should be taken into account both at the pre-investment stage, and at the stages of the construction projects conceptual and working designs’ development. Data on the exposure degree to hazardous engineering and geological processes make it possible to determine the reconstructed site investment attractiveness degree, choose an effective organizational and technological solution for the urban development reconstruction, and make predictive calculations of changes in the stress-strain state of the buildings and structures depending on changes in soil conditions, such as subsidence and physical and mechanical soil properties.
The analysis of the lateral refraction influence during the active radar sensing
Authors: Dudnik A E , Samsonova N V , Tupoleva G K , Kushtin V I
Published: September 2020

The article provides the lateral refraction influence factors analysis during the active radar sensing. With the passage of radio waves, a change in the refractive index in the atmosphere affects the radar image geometry due to the radio waves refraction and an increase in the time of their propagation. These factors shift the image in the direction of increasing distance. The solution to the problems of determining the corrections due to the refraction influence in trigonometric leveling is considered. The simulations of the quantities involved in the process obtained by the joint geodetic and meteorological measurements are used. The practical examples show the features of the corrections’ calculation. The formulas for determining the change in the distance ΔRδ due to the curvature of the trajectory of radio waves are given. The analysis of the data presented in the article is based on the data from the studies conducted using different brands of devices. The given indicators are generalized.
The Debris-hazardous Areas’ Research Methods (on the Republic of Ingushetia Example)
Authors: Sergeeva G A , Adamyan V L , Seferyan L A , Reznikova A V
Published: September 2020

The research methods of mudflow hazardous areas in the North Caucasus region are determined by the indicators that are priority in the development and study of similar areas. Mudflows require constant updating of their development territories’ maps, as well as the various parameters used to predict the mudflow threats and develop the anti-mudflow measures. The authors of the article present the indicators, values and air regime temperature, amount, composition, intensity, and also the precipitation mode, as well as the size and intensity of the modern glaciation and snow cover melting, the territorial moisture content, the presence of small rivers with large channels slopes and their flood regime. The analysis of the proposed research methods, on the basis of reliable materials and collected as a result of the mudflow phenomena study in the mountainous territory in the Republic of Ingushetia, divides the areas into three categories of mudflow hazard, and presents a medium-scale map of the mudflow hazardous areas in the Republic of Ingushetia at a scale of 1: 500 000.
Methods for displaying data using web technologies for the Arctic region and the continental shelf
Authors: Kopylova N S
Published: September 2020

In this article we discuss the principles of geospatial data design, which underlie the methods of displaying information based on the projection methods for the Arctic region and the continental shelf, using various web technologies. Various cartographic services were stud-ied depending on their functionality, the software development geography, and the associated mathematical system basis. We assessed the metric capabilities of the main projections under-lying the mapping services and determined the search functionality and demonstration tasks that can be solved by means of similar information systems. It is pointed out that it is neces-sary to provide the analytical functions for services and geoportals, which is necessary for mapping tools in making decisions. The principle of increasing accuracy, unification, ease of use was supported by the development of the unified approach for choosing a projection, that is the Unified Isometric Cartographic Projection. The use of this projection will make it possible to approach the data design issue in a unified manner, which, on the whole, will increase the cartographic security of the region and will make it possible to solve the cartographic problems in the unified manner. The accurate evaluation of the data obtained on the basis of this projec-tion showed that the results can be within the two meters accuracy. Such metric parameters are sufficient to make the design decisions on the infrastructure facilities’ development in the Arctic region and the continental shelf. In order to improve and develop the geoportal “The Arctic Spatial Data Infrastructure” (Arctic SDI), the option of improving its mathematical basis is a promising direction. In addition, the use of the Unified Isometric Cartographic Projection in a GIS user environment will remove the issue of the complex search for the optimal projection. Regardless of the tasks of mapping, when choosing the element needed (GIS user environment, 2D and 3D mapping services, databases) that defines the web mapping technology, data de-signing according to the single principle will remove a number of technical issues and incon-veniences, bringing it closer to the best option.
Organization of construction based on the main management functions
Authors: Nalimova A V
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to the issues of ensuring, managing and improving quality in the construction industry.

Management is used as a tool, as the ordering and coordination of resources used in the organization of construction.

The material considers management as a process of performing the following managerial functions: planning the quality and safety of construction, organization of production technology and quality control, motivation, quality management of buildings and structures, diagnostics and control. We used the methods of quality planning, a system of quality indicators in construction, methods of calculating losses and costs, regulation of business processes, a system of production maintenance of equipment and processes automation, effective methods of motivation.

Based on the proposed measures, the management functions’ application effectiveness in the construction organization is proved.
Automation of the materials’ provision and the data from the cartographic and geodetic fund
Authors: Germak O V , Gugueva O A , Kalacheva N A
Published: September 2020

The main materials and data necessary for the surveyor to conduct topographic and geodetic work include the state geodetic network points and topographic tablets on the survey site. All these data, as well as the aerospace data and other cartographic material, are under the jurisdiction of the Federal Fund (Federal Scientific and Technical Center for Geodesy, Cartography and Spatial Data Infrastructure). This organization is subordinate to the Office of the Russian Federal Register. However, today, when working with the site, there are a number of problems: there are no updates to the cartographic material, coordinates and altitudes for the polygon points of the Fund, the Fund website does not have a common database in open access concerning actual information about the State Geodesy Networks (SGN) points’ state.
Methodology for a comprehensive analysis of the construction projects’ accidents causes at various stages of their life cycle
Authors: Sheina S G , Girya L V , Vinogradova E V , Sobolevskiy A
Published: September 2020

Today, accidents at capital construction facilities are encountered at various stages of the buildings’ life cycle, which is associated with errors in the design and construction as well as the rules violation for the buildings’ operation. Now there is no unified system of accounting and technical analysis of the causes in the current situation, therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to monitoring and methods of construction sites accidents causes’ complex diagnosis. The scientific research is devoted to the methodological foundations’ development for a comprehensive analysis of the accidents on the construction sites and the development of organizational and technological measures to reduce the probabilityof their occurrence. The main objective of the scientific article is to consider the causes of the accident at various stages of the building’s life cycle. The article discusses the building life cycle stages and the causes of accidents from the pre-design stage to the capital construction object’s demolition. The buildings and structures’ collapse statistics and their causes are analyzed. An algorithm for analyzing the accidents causes throughout their operation life is proposed. The importance of the capital construction facilities accidents’ monitoring and analysis stage, the improving methods for their diagnosis and warning to prevent the emergency situations recurrence is proved. A set of organizational and technological measures for the capital construction objects accidents’ prevention throughout their operation life is proposed.
Investigation of the protective airtight shell’s operational reliability at the construction stage
Authors: Gubeladze O A , Gubeladze A R , Kirilchik L F
Published: September 2020

The actual values of the sealed enclosure internal parameters differ from the design results, in addition, the existing calculation models do not take into account the complex distribution of prestressed reinforcement, as well as the ropes’ behavior of the prestressing system. The article discusses the issues of developing an instrumental survey program to eliminate uncertainty in assessing the technical condition of a power generating unit.
Quick method of the grunt prisms gravity centers’ exact compliance with vertical area planning
Authors: Sekisov A , Danilenko S , Klimenko V , Stepanov R
Published: September 2020

The article discusses the methods for improving the accuracy of calculating the soil movement distances along the vertical layout of areas, which is one of the first works for leveling the construction site surface [3, 5, 6, 14]. This work is usually performed using the earth-moving machines [12, 17, 19, 20]. Norms of time for their work are given in Unified Standards and Prices E2-1 [13] with gradation of the soil movement distances of 100 and 10 m. When vertical planning is required on the large areas with the soil movement over the distances of several hundred meters and with large working elevations, the options for using faster motor vehicles are possible [1, 2, 10, 11]. However, not all standards indicate between which points and how to set these distances. We believe that it is advisable to install them using the positions of the soil bodies’ gravity centers instead of the commonly used the centers’ positions of their areas [9, 18]. This will increase the reliability level of the soil movement distance to establish the appropriate costs of computer time [7, 8]. The formulas for determining the positions of the gravity centers of bodies (BGC) are given in the reference book [9] and in other sources.
The installation features of the industrial building spatial lattice metal coating in a confined space
Authors: Alpatov V Yu , Petrov S M
Published: September 2020

When developing a project for the industrial building spatial coverage installation, a number of tasks were solved to improve the installation method. The project’s feature was the presence of the constrained working conditions. The technology of mounting the coating blocks has been proposed. Mounting schemes with a breakdown of the spatial coverage of the building into the separate mounting blocks, followed by the enlargement assembly at the mounting mark have been developed. The use of inventory mounting devices in combination with a traverse of individual manufacture is justified. Mounting the unit using a traverse allowed to reduce the estimated height of the hook and pick up a crane with a relatively small rent cost. It became possible to apply the adopted installation scheme provided that an individual design of the beam was developed. The calculation and design of the traverse itself was performed, as well as the calculation of the enlarged unit for the installation situation.
A promising system of geodetic and coordinate ensuring for transport construction
Authors: Zheleznov M M
Published: September 2020

Increasing the requirements for the quality and timing of transport construction, as well as ensuring the quality of the work carried out, requires the unified approaches to the information-control systems’ creation for coordinate support of construction and extended objects’ geometric parameters monitoring over a large territory with high accuracy. The article presents the development evolution of the transport construction technologies with the conclusions concerning the need for the integrated application of satellite navigation and remote sensing methods. The concept of building a four-level high-precision system of geodetic and coordinate support for the long transport facilities railway transport construction is presented. The presented monitoring system will ensure the compliance with the necessary requirements for the constructed objects’ accuracy in a single coordinate system.
Design organization and construction implementation of the installation and reconstruction technology using helicopters
Authors: Balakchina O , Shalenny V
Published: September 2020

The article analyzes the helicopters’ rational flight operation issue state in the reconstruction projects’ design and implementation to replace the cover structures of single-story industrial buildings. The practical use experience of helicopters in the conditions of an existing industrial enterprise is summarized. The basic prerequisites for the use of helicopters for the structures’ dismantling and installation are described. The joint development issues of the reconstruction projects using helicopters are considered, taking into account technological and organizational aspects. The structure and relationship of the technological process organization individual elements. A scheme for organizing and implementing a rational technology for mounting and dismounting using a helicopter, professionally trained flight crews, teams of ground installers to perform mounting and dismantling work during the industrial facilities reconstruction has been developed. The possible ways of expanding the operational range when using helicopters for installation and dismantling work are shown.
About designing the internal layout grid of the main NPP building
Authors: Bryn M Ya , Lobanova Yu V , Nikitchin A A
Published: September 2020

When carrying out the construction and installation works of nuclear power facilities, one of the main stages of geodetic work at a construction site is the creation of a layout grid. The article considers the issue of designing an internal layout grid at the source and installation horizons. It is proposed to use the free stationing method when creating the internal layout grid. A model of the internal circuit in the reactor building was created and accuracy pre-calculation was performed.
Verification of the ventilation dampers’ aerodynamic characteristics
Authors: Skorik T , Galkina N , Glazunova E
Published: September 2020

Engineering solutions of air conditioning systems require the operation analysis and the aerodynamic characteristics verification of the ventilation dampers installed on ventilation, air heating, air conditioning, supply and exhaust smoke ventilation systems to prevent air overflow and combustion products from one room to another, as the dampers’ characteristics affect the systems’ technological reliability and energy efficiency as a whole. Thus, the leakage through the closed dampers leads to a decrease in the useful work of the ventilation unit, characterized by the efficiency coefficient, which is due to the mismatch between the actual and the calculated performance of the ventilation systems. This removes the fan operation from the optimal area. The non-tightness reasons of the ventilation dampers for various purposes were analyzed. To reveal these reasons, the experiments were carried at a laboratory-industrial stand. The use of modern computer programs for processing the experimental data made it possible to build the mathematical models providing the necessary conditions for the adequacy and reliability of the ventilation dampers’ studies. A visual description of the digitized three-dimensional flow in the investigated ventilation damper is given. This description can be used in the future to accurately assess the characteristics of ventilation dampers affecting the ventilation systems’ technological reliability and energy efficiency.
Water supply of the population in the cyanobacteria mass development conditions at the Volga reservoirs
Authors: Selezneva A V , Seleznev V A , Bespalova K V , Sayriddinov S Sh
Published: September 2020

The results of the monitoring data analysis of the Kuibyshev reservoir as a source of drinking water supply for the period 2000-2018 are presented. The observations were carried out monthly in the water area and in the closing section of the reservoir, located in the Zhigulevsky dam area. The estimation of temporal variability and spatial heterogeneity of the reservoir water quality is given. It was established that in the summer, during the period of cyanobacteria mass development, biological pollution of the reservoir is observed, the water quality deteriorates by smell, color, pH, and dissolved oxygen content. The content of dissolved organic and toxic substances increases, and the concentration of nutrients, on the contrary, decreases. With a limited concentration of phosphates in the water of the reservoir, the cyanobacteria mass development process stops. In the period of water quality deterioration in the source of water supply in large Volga cities, the problems in the purification of natural water to the requirements of drinking water supply for the population arise. To solve the problem, the recommendations to improve the technological scheme of purification of the Volga water from organic and toxic substances were developed. Organic pollution can be reduced using ozone or activated carbon. Membrane technologies being capable of filtering water and cyanobacterial cells without mechanical damage can serve as a barrier against toxic substances entering drinking water.
Experimental-theoretical substantiation of the previously formed sediment’s application as the water clarification process intensifier
Authors: Shishova O P , Schutskaya E E , Smolyanichenko A S
Published: September 2020

An attempt was made to experimentally and theoretically substantiate the use of the previously formed sediment for clarifying water. The water-pipe sediment contains a large amount of aluminum sulfate, which, when introduced into water, promotes hydrolysis, sorption, and adhesion. When the recommended doses of spent sediment are introduced into water before entering the sedimentation tanks, the suspension is destabilized, most of it falls into the sediment, and the remaining destabilized part is exposed to the coagulant introduced sometime after the sediment is introduced, which contributes to the renewal of the suspension activity in the sorption and adhesion phenomena. In addition, the sediment recycling process can be considered as sorption. The electro kinetic potential is in the range of 15-20 mV using the sediment recirculation method.
Reconstruction of urban sewage treatment facilities at the Manfukh site of Riyadh - Saudi Arabia
Authors: Litvinenko V A , Wilson E V , Zubov M G , Lanovoy A S
Published: September 2020

The article provides the information on all stages of the large facilities’ reconstruction project for domestic wastewater - from the stage of preparing an application for participation in the tender, to the direct implementation of the decisions made. The main conditions presented by the customer, current operating problems before reconstruction, solutions for the treatment facilities’ modernization in accordance with the reconstruction project, as well as the results are indicated.
Biogas technologies in the heat and gas supply systems for the agricultural organizations in the Saratov region
Authors: Spiridonova E V , Naumova O V , Tyurina N S , Mavzovin V S
Published: September 2020

One of the advantages of using biogas plants is the biogas production to generate thermal energy. The useful consumption of generated energy depends on the biogas plant’s thermal protection optimization level. The purpose of the study is to search for technical solutions and justification of optimal parameters for increasing the energy efficiency of a biogas plant used in the thermal energy generation to create a favorable microclimate in livestock buildings. The design and technological features of a biogas plant depend on the process stages, the shape of the reactor, and the types of mixing. The criteria for energy efficiency are the lowest cost of energy consumed by a biogas plant for its own needs. A comparison of the insulating materials’ energy indicators made it possible to establish that cellulose wool and polystyrene foam have the lowest heat transfer coefficients.
Prospects for the solar energy development in housing construction: an assessment of economic efficiency
Authors: Sekisov A N , Ovchinnikova S V , Norenko M S , Matevosyan V S
Published: September 2020

Currently, around the world there is an acute question of the new energy sources’ development and implementation. It is known that the most significant of them today are oil, natural gas, coal, electricity. Oil and gas reserves are not unlimited. It is necessary to look for the alternative sources of energy [4, 5, 6, 14]. This is due not only to a shortage of basic energy resources, but to the increasing cost of their extraction and processing, as well as to an aggravation of the environmental situation in the world [1]. In search of the new sources of energy, people are increasingly turning to solar panels. This is an excellent replacement for the generators of various types, some of which may be slightly functional or potentially dangerous for a private house. The solar energy has been known for a long time, it is a subject of debate and discussion among the specialists. Some people think that this is a great prospect for the future, others are sure of the opposite, since on the one hand, solar panels do not require expenses for their operation, but the cost of this equipment is high. Some experts claim that the profit from this project will not be able to cover the costs associated with construction. In contrast, these devices can work for tens and hundreds of years, therefore, with long-term operation, the profit will be obvious [4, 5, 6, 11, 14].
The algorithm for ensuring the parts’ (assembly nodes, machines) reliability based on the theory of risk
Authors: Kasyanov V E , Korotky A A , Egelskaya E V , Kosenko E E
Published: September 2020

currently existing technical systems are created for a certain service life with a limited number of work cycles and are out of order after some time. At the same time, there are such failures that cause life loss, damage at various levels. Therefore, there is a need to use the “risk” concept of an adverse event (excluding damage). The considered risk exceeds the failure probability by the safety factor value. The article presents an algorithm for ensuring the reliability of the parts associated with negative consequences, based on the risk theory, which considers the patterns (Figure 8 - Figure 10), due to six scientific principles.
The transition from the sample data to the total aggregate of the final volume and the analysis of this transition laws
Authors: Teplyakova S V , Kotesova A A , Popov S I , Kotesov A A
Published: September 2020

One of the most important features in science and practice for ensuring the machines and their components’ reliability is the use one of the mathematics’ areas - theory of probability and mathematical statistics. Most textbooks on the theory of probability and mathematical statistics deal with infinitely large aggregates. Since even the sample’s representativeness does not allow fully describing the entire aggregate, this should be taken into account at the stage of calculation and design. These facts led to the need for the transition from the sample data to the general aggregate data of the final volume. For this transition, we used the graphical method, which allows going from the sample, for example, with a volume of n=10-100, to the general aggregate Nc=103-106 using the extrapolation method.
The oxide film formation under vibration processing in the high-resource parts manufacture in transport engineering
Authors: Ivanov V V , Popov S I , Dontsov N S , Kotesova A A
Published: September 2020

The results of pilot studies of the possible vibration shock and wave technology processes use when receiving an oxidic covering in aluminum alloys items are presented in the article. The technology of an oxidic covering forming in the course of the vibration shock and wave technology influence reflecting an entity of the process mechanical and chemical components complex impact on forming a surface covering layer is fulfilled. The mechanism of structural and phase impacts on a resource and quality of coverings that allowed to determine consistent patterns of receiving qualitative layers of a vibration chemical and mechanical oxidic coating on micro / a Nano level is installed, the causing obtaining the earlier unattainable quality and operational properties of a surface of the details made of aluminum alloys. The morphology researches of a vibrational chemical-mechanical oxide coating surface at the Nano level showed that the time is 66 nanometers thickness a cell of 600 nanometers consisting of 10 growth layers, at the same time the profile shift on the working environment rotation course is set. This structure of a covering promotes an increase in corrosion resistance as there is no access of an aggressive environment to the base metal. The mechanism of structural and phase influences, influence of granulometric characteristics and a dynamic status of the polymeric working environments used as the mechanical activator of the drawing coverings’ chemical processes is studied. The technological chemical solutions adapted to working conditions when receiving the combined chemical and mechanical oxidic coverings with the lowered maintenance of a silico-fluoride of sodium and chromic anhydride are presented. As a result of the covering surface research with the scanning probe microscope use it is established that the oxidic covering surface is not homogeneous and includes the elements which are in solution and in aluminum alloy composition
The compaction zone parameters’ determination when grinding the cement clinker particles
Authors: Sharapov R R
Published: September 2020

The article discusses the process of grinding cement clinker in a ball mill. A technique for determining the deformations parameters that the crushed particle receives when it interacts with the grinding body, is proposed. The relation for determining the maximum linear size of deformation during the grinding body’s interaction with the cement clinker particle is obtained. The expression for determining the grinding body contact area with the cement clinker particle is proposed. It is shown how the compaction zone is formed during the interaction of the grinding body with the crushed particle. The sealing zone has a cylindrical shape with the cylinder radius. It is shown that under the action of the introduced fracture energy by the grinding body, the material in the compaction zone starts expanding in the direction perpendicular to the impact force. This allows to determine the number of particles into which the cement clinker particle breaks up when hit by a grinding body.
The air separator design improving
Authors: Sharapov R R
Published: September 2020

The article addresses the issue of grinding cement clinker in ball mills. The world various activities increasing the efficiency of the ball mills with low efficiency are presented and offered in the article. An effective way to increase the efficiency of ball mills is to transfer them to a closed circuit of work with air separators. To improve the air separator efficiency, the article proposes a modified aerodynamic design of the air separator. The parameters of the components included in the aerodynamic scheme, such as cyclones, dampers, a fan, a rotary valve and so on, are determined. A mathematical model of the modified separator operation recorded for the circulation circuit and the main direction of the path are proposed. According to the proposed method, an industrial air separator was calculated to obtain the fine powders. It is shown that by controlling the proposed aerodynamic scheme gas material tract air separator parameters, the separation process can be controlled.
The quality analysis of the anti-corrosion coatings metal structures operating in difficult conditions
Authors: Deryushev V V , Zaitseva M M , Kosenko E E , Kosenko V V
Published: September 2020

The simplest and most reliable way to protect metal structures from corrosion are the paint coatings, which, in comparison with other protection methods, have several advantages (manufacturability, maintainability, economy, compatibility with other protection methods, etc.). The issues of experimental quality analysis of the typical anticorrosion coatings designed to protect metal structures operating under aggressive environmental conditions and industrial factors are considered. It is proposed to use such indicators as adhesion, thickness and weather resistance as the main indicators of the coatings’ quality. The methods for the experimental determination of these parameters on the laboratory samples and the construction of an integral indicator of the anti-corrosion coatings quality are proposed. On the selected typical coatings example, the experimental dependences of their quality indicators on temperature, the number of “freezing-heating” cycles, the magnitude of the shock load and the water salinity degree are analyzed. The obtained data were used to determine the weather resistance of coatings and their quality indicator, which was proposed to use as the sufficiency integral indicator. Its essence lies in the assumption that there is a border beyond which an increase in the indicator is pointless for each of the quality indicators, since it does not lead to an improvement in the coating quality and can even be harmful due to the other uncontrolled indicators’ possible deterioration.
Improving traffic safety and accident prediction at pedestrian crossings
Authors: Kushchenko L E , Kushchenko S V , Kravchenko A A , Shatova J S
Published: September 2020

The development of roads, a sharp increase in motorization, as well as non-compliance with the traffic rules, leads to an increase in the number of traffic accidents at pedestrian crossings. This article discusses an unregulated pedestrian crossing with a high accident rate outside the city, analyzes the committed traffic accidents and makes a forecast of the number of dead and injured pedestrians for the next year. The methods are considered, the measures to improve the road safety are proposed, and a comparative analysis of the traffic accidents occurrence in some countries is performed.
Handling equipment reliability effect on grain terminal risks
Authors: Veremeenko E G , Rogovenko T N
Published: September 2020

This article presents the servicing vehicles process simulation modeling results at the grain terminal in order to assess the risks additionally arising from sudden failures of loading and unloading equipment. Two types of trucks incoming flow are considered: simple random and presupposing preliminary on-line registration. The Weibull distribution and the transition to the parameters of the general totality were used to estimate the equipment recovery time. The regression models of downtime were obtained and the magnitude of the increase in risks was determined depending on the cars’ input flow intensity.
Methods for determining the transport detectors’ placement on road network
Authors: Zyryanov V V , Sorokin-Urmanov S E
Published: September 2020

The article discusses the methods’ development for determining the transport detectors location on the road network. In studying this problem, various approaches to collecting data on traffic flows are analyzed. The basic requirements for determining the number of data collection points and their location are formed. These requirements can be used in traffic monitoring systems. The proposed methods were tested using a model experiment on a test example. The simulation results showed the effectiveness of the considered methods.
Modeling dynamic speed changes on highways
Authors: Zyryanov V V , Lewandowski V V
Published: September 2020

The article provides an analysis of the dynamic speed control systems’ use in various countries. It is established that as a result of such systems’ use, traffic capacity increases, a stable speed is maintained, and traffic safety is increased. In accordance with spatiotemporal features, three types of control algorithms are described. The features of these algorithms’ implementation are shown. The role of modeling traffic flows in the choice of control methods is substantiated. Based on the simulation results, the performance parameters are given.
Incidents detection on city roads
Authors: Zyryanov V V
Published: September 2020

An important issue in traffic management is the timely and reliable incidents detection. The methods for detecting incidents are constantly being improved due to the intelligent transport systems’ development and the new sources of information emergence. Due to the incident detection tasks’ complexity, motion modeling is essential for testing various hypotheses. The article discusses the features of identifying incidents on the road network with traffic control. In the network sections, the occurrence of incidents of various durations and in different sections was simulated. The study aims to identify the minor incidents. Based on neural networks, the situations are classified and the possibilities of this approach are established. The incident detection results are presented.
To the stability of the roadbed reinforced with gabions
Authors: Adilov F F , Miralimov M H , Abirov R A
Published: September 2020

Mountain and foothill regions of Uzbekistan in the winter-spring period are the subject to erosion as a result of precipitation and mudflows. This fact led to the beginning of their strengthening with gabion structures. Gabions also improve the operation of the entire structure under the dynamic influences’ action, including the seismic ones. In the work, research and testing in the laboratory and field conditions of the erected gabions effectiveness in road construction in the Parkent district of Tashkent region. The analysis of the gabion structures main structural parameters’ influence to strengthen the subgrade on their stability and deformability has been performed. Reinforcement of the road subgrade 4P187 “Kiziltof sh. - Parkent sh. (59 km) - Kumushkon” was performed with box-shaped gabion structures. This road stretch from the stake PK80 to PK90 was blurred as a result of mudflow. To strengthen this slope, a local program for its targeted strengthening has been approved. As the initial conditions for the considered site survey, the work to determine the physical and mechanical properties of soils lying in the road slope has been carried out.
Mathematical model for optimizing the repair plan for the international roughness index IRI
Authors: Aleksikov S V , Leskin A I , Gofman D I , Alshanova M I
Published: September 2020

The authors analyzed the existing regulatory documents and studies on the road surface evenness impact on the traffic flow speed, the transportation and traffic safety costs. Currently available methods of forming a plan of repair work are focused on the use of the roads diagnostics results according to the evenness level of the carriageway obtained with the help of thrusters. The transition to the international evenness index (IRI) requires a review of the previously obtained mathematical dependencies and existing approaches to optimizing the road network repair program. In this work, the authors established a correlation of the traffic flow average speed, losses from the road traffic accidents (traffic accidents) and the road transport costs from flatness of coverage. Based on the identified statistical patterns of changes in the IRI index, a method for calculating the road section length that requires the restoration of transport and operational indicators (TOI) is proposed. The developed mathematical model for optimizing the repair plan will make it possible to create a list of road objects taking into account their priority within the budget funding of the annual program. The proposed model is based on diagnostics and assessment of the territorial road network technical condition in the Volgograd region.
Features of landslide structures’ designing in emergency situations
Authors: Ryabukhin A K , Leyer D V , Lyubarsky N N
Published: September 2020

During the operation of the M-27 highway, a landslide became active on the km 56 + 680 section of the Tuapse district (Russia). As a result of the landslide masses displacement, the roadbed was destroyed and, as a result, traffic was restricted. In emergency situations, with the rocks’ continued displacements, it was necessary to develop the constructive solutions for the landslide structures in a short time. Engineering protection of roads on landslide slopes requires a detailed analysis of the source data, as well as a set of calculations to determine the designed structures’ strength and the slope’s stability. However, in emergency situations, it is often necessary to install the structures even with insufficient initial data based on a visual inspection of the site, as well as archival data. The article presents the results of a landslide site survey, as well as the results of modeling a slope with various combinations of loads. In addition, the constructive solutions of both priority measures and the main landslide control structures are presented.
The influence of the structural vibrations’ logarithmic decrement on its stability in the event of vortex excitation
Authors: Poddaeva O I , Fedosova A N , Churin P S
Published: September 2020

The article considers the influence of the structural vibrations’ logarithmic decrement on its stability in the event of vortex excitation. The relevance of the topic is due to the widespread problem of vortex excitation in the construction and operation of large-span bridge structures. The introduction presents the characteristic features of vortex excitation as a phenomenon of aerodynamic instability. In the second section, the research method is given, the research object is described, and the considered variants of the logarithmic decrement of the beam span’s investigated construction vibrations are given. The third section presents the experimental studies’ results at the Unique Scientific Installation, Big Research Gradient Wind Tunnel, NRU MGSU in graphical form. The conclusions about increasing the structural stability with increasing values of the vibrations’ logarithmic decrement are drawn.
The small municipalities’ gasification as a priority task of the national economy in Russia
Authors: Ivanova D G , Ivanova O E , Sukhinin S A
Published: September 2020

Sustainable development of the regional and municipal economy is possible only by increasing the economic growth rate and living standards of the population. These strategic socio-economic objectives cannot be achieved without solving the problems of gasification and gas supply to settlements. Gas supply is a technologically complex, costly and institutionally multi-stage process. The laying of gas pipelines to the places of the consumers’ localization to ensure the uninterrupted supply of natural gas in the required volume requires many significant resources, approvals and involves various economic entities and the population itself as the final consumer of gas in this process. At the same time, the use of natural gas is associated with its price, environmental and technological advantages as a fuel for the functioning of housing and communal facilities, enterprises and organizations of various sectors of the economy. In this regard, gas supply to settlements is one of the urgent tasks of both the national economy of Russia as a whole, and individual regions, and municipalities. The most effective tool for the municipalities’ gasification process is the project management, which consists in the development and implementation of specific projects for the construction of gasification facilities, designed to ensure the connection of consumers immediately after the completion of gas pipelines. In a market economy, it is project management that is able to successfully implement a set of measures for gasification of municipalities on the basis of clear coordination of actions of all participants in the process, consolidation of the necessary labor, material, financial and organizational and managerial resources, which will bring a real result, expressed in an increase in the level of gas supply to enterprises, organizations and people.
Features of the factor models for the corporate cost management purposes in construction
Authors: Chepachenko N V , Leontiev A A , Uraev G A , Polovnikova N A
Published: September 2020

The article examines the methodological aspects of constructing the multiplicative factorial analytical economic models that allow to systematically study the influence of the analyzed factors on the change in the total, including the material costs in the production (sale) of construction products, to identify negative trends and potential problems in the activities of the construction organizations. To implement the proper quality of constructing a complex of multiplicative factorial analytical economic models for the corporate cost management purposes in the construction industry, the requirements excluding the formal methods for constructing the models have been identified. When constructing the multiplicative factorial economic models, the expansion method, which reflects the fulfillment of the requirements established during the study for the development of such models, was used. Resulting the signs in the developed complex of multiplicative factorial economic models for the purposes of corporate cost management suggest the total costs of production (sale) of the construction products; production costs using the new (innovative) building materials; the specific total costs of production using the new (innovative) building materials, calculated per unit of the manufactured (sold) products in kind using the new (innovative) building materials; the specific total costs of the construction products manufacturing (sales) using the new (innovative) building materials as a part of the total production costs (sales) of the construction products; the material costs of the construction products manufactured using the new (innovative) building materials; specific material costs of products using the new (innovative) building materials in the total volume of production in physical terms by the construction organization (structural unit, construction project, separate type of work). The recommended set of multiplicative analytical economic models is aimed at developing the potential of economic analysis factor based on improving the information analytical database quality on the degree of the analyzed factors’ impact on the cost changes for the purpose of making the successful managerial decisions in the system of corporate cost management in construction
The strategy of the company Knauf, producing construction materials and systems in the context of the Russian economy modernization
Authors: Gontar N V , Sapozhnikova A G
Published: September 2020

The article discusses the economic aspects of the KNAUF group of companies’ activities in Russia in the context of economic modernization processes. Based on theoretical approaches to the analysis of the multinational manufacturing companies’ influence on national economic processes, the contribution of the group to the modernization processes in Russia is investigated. The correlation of the strategy and organization of the KNAUF group economy in Russia (organization of production, interaction with suppliers and consumers, investment and innovation policy, environmental and social aspects) with the key vectors of economic modernization, the risks are formulated for a positive projection of the company’s activities on the modernization processes.