bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation of Vp/Vs ratio against the resistivity value to determine the aquifers presence estimation in jetak sub-village, getasan sub-district, Semarang regency
Authors: Yulianto T , Sasongko D P , Yulianto G , Indriana R D , Setyawan A , Widada S
Published: July 2021

Jetak Sub-Village, Getasan Sub-District, Semarang Regency, was an area that had found difficulty in getting clean water because it was not located in the groundwater basin area. The correlation between the Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) and the Resistivity method could be used to determine the estimation of the aquifer’s presence. Based on the interpretation of the correlation results of the HVSR model using the Vp/Vs ratio against the rock resistivity value showed the presence of shallow aquifers at a depth of between 20-50 m below the earth’s surface in the sandstone layer. Sandstone based on HVSR at a location that has a Vp/Vs ratio of 1.8-2.3 and in resistivity modeling had a value of 21.1ohm-m. These results indicated that the aquifer is not a groundwater aquifer that can be used for needs during the dry season.
Determining the hydrothermal flow media using seismicity properties in Kaliulo geothermal field, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Harmoko U , Gernowo R , Yuliyanto G
Published: July 2021

Geothermal system requires specific geological condition that allow deep circulation of ground water to extract heat from the heat source. Faults and fractures play a major role in the localization and evolution of hydrothermal flow on several scales. The research aim was to obtain the permeability pattern of hydrothermal fluid base on response of micro seismic waves to subsurface structures. In one dimensional structure, average Horizontal to Vertical (H/V) spectral ratios can be assumed to measure the ellipticity of fundamental mode Rayleigh wave. Hence the shape of H/V ratios can be used to estimate the shear-wave velocity profile. The poisson’s ratio value of the hot spring corresponds to the physical properties of rock containing fluids. The thickness of the sand deposit and the soft layer indicated in the hot spring zone. We interpreted that we have warm springs in the research area comes up by the fracture or fault zone and permeable zone of sand soil. The mixing waters flow to the earth’s surface through the structure.
Estimation of landslide prone zones around the Semarang Fault based on by combining the slope stability analysis and HVSR microtremor methods
Authors: Irham M N , Yulianto T , Yuliyanto G , Widada S
Published: July 2021

Morphologically the City of Semarang consists of Downtown and Uptown Semarang. Downtown Semarang which is composed of alluvial deposits and sandstone of the Damar Formation. Uptown Semarang composed of conglomerate of the Damar Formation, claystone of the Kalibiuk Formation, volcanic breccia of the Kaligetas Formation, volcanic breccia of Ungaran Volcano, Andesite igneous rock, and Basalt igneous rocks. Upper Semarang is hilly, some of which have steep slopes, especially on the Semarang Fault Zone. This condition makes the area frequent landslides. To find out the zone that is prone to landslides in the area around the Semarang Fault, slope stability analysis and microtremor measurements were performed. Slope stability analysis was carried out at 7 points using the bishop method based on slope, specific gravity, internal shear angle and soil cohesion. The acquisition by microtremor method was carried out at 9 trajectories that were estimated to pass through the Semarang Fault, then from the Horizontal to Vertival Spectral Ratio (HVSR) curves obtained was carried out an inversion to obtain the shear wave velocity profile on the trajectory. From the two methods of analysis found several locations with potential landslides, namely in the area of Mangun Harjo in the east of the study area, Karangrejo in the middle of the study area and Sadeng in the west of the study area.
Development and evaluation of a computer based test for anatomy radiographic course examination
Authors: Indrati R , Sulistiyadi A H , Mulyati S , Daryati S , Setyawan B
Published: July 2021

The assessment of the anatomical radiography course is to measure the student’s ability to identify anatomy on radiographic images. Conventional paper tests have used radiographic images. The limitations of this method are the number of radiographic films and the time-consuming assessment process. This study aimed to develop a computer-based test (CBT) to multiply the instruments, store pictures, and speed up the assessment time. The CBT software can reproduce radiographic images using digital files and a feature to add overlay markers. The placement of markers is done intuitively via a user interface with drag and drop motion recognition. The CBT software also provides features for instrument bank, instrument selection and management for exams, a relational database for examinee identities and exam entries, and automatic grading. CBT development uses the Waterfall Software Life Cycle (SDLC), with black-box testing using the normal value equivalent partition method. The CBT usability test was carried out by measuring user perceptions (5 administrators and 60 students) and comparing them with conventional methods at the 95% significance level. Research time decreased significantly during instrument preparation and the assessment process. User perceptions show that 76% of students and 85% of managers give positive assessments. There is no difference between conventional and CBT assessments with a p-value = 0.067 (p-value > 0.05) so that CBT is very potential to be used as a substitute for conventional paper-based tests in examining anatomical radiography courses.
Jasmine tea as a negative oral contrast agent in magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP)
Authors: Utami H S , Mulyantoro D K , Fatimah F
Published: July 2021

Fluids of gastrointestinal system produce a high signal in 2D T2 Half-Fourier Acquisition Single-shot Turbo Spin Echo (HASTE) thick-slab MRCP which can overlap the biliary system image. This is the first experimental study use jasmine tea as oral contrast agent and aimed to evaluate it in improving the image quality of MRCP. This study was tested by phantom and healthy volunteers. Different types of tea phantom were tested which then calculated its signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) value and analyzed the manganese content. 15 healthy volunteers performed 2D T2 HASTE thick-slab MRCP scanning before and after administration of jasmine tea with a variation of 3 minutes, 6 minutes and 9 minutes scanning time. Qualitative analysis was carried out by MRCP questionnaire which was examined by radiologist and quantitative analysis was conducted by measuring the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) values. After jasmine tea administration, the image information was significantly different and CNR MRCP was increased compared to before giving negative oral contrast agent. The most optimal time to start scanning was 3 minutes after administration of jasmine tea with a volume of 300 ml (0.648 mg/dl manganese). Jasmine tea can be used as an alternative safe natural negative oral contrast agent and can improve MRCP image quality and reduce the intensity of gastrointestinal signals.
Evaluation of doses distribution in breast cancer mastectomy using SlicerRT
Authors: Jannah F , Hariyanto A P , Aisyah  , Amaliya R , Sarasechan A , Endarko  , Nainggolan A , Rubiyanto A , Nasori  , Haekal M
Published: July 2021

Treatment planning aimed to provide the maximum dose to target tumor and minimize doses received by healthy tissue. Dose-volume histograms contain essential information about the dose distribution that radiation oncologists use in considering a treatment planning. In breast cancer mastectomy, the thickness of the thorax wall has decreased because of surgery. Therefore it is necessary to analyze the dose received by healthy tissue around the tumor. This study analyzes the doses distribution in breast cancer mastectomy using SlicerRT and compares it with treatment planning from the hospital. The study used three data patients from MRCCC Siloam Hospitals Jakarta. The simulation results were analyzed based on the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements Report’s 83 for target tumor and tolerance limits of healthy tissue according to limitations from various references. Although the target tumor’s homogeneity does not qualify, the healthy tissue around the tumor is still within tolerance. It is not a problem in intensity-modulated radiation therapy if avoidance of healthy tissue is more important than homogeneity. For the comparison result, the percentage acceptance of SlicerRT simulation is quite good, above 90%.
The role T1-weighted fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) post contrast enhancement to improve image quality on MRI brain
Authors: Silfina R O , Indrati R , Utami L R W
Published: July 2021

In general, head MRI examinations are performed using the T1-weighted and T2-weighted sequence techniques. T1-weighted is used to see the anatomy of the brain while T2-weighted aims to see the pathology or abnormalities that occur in the brain. Some of the clinics that are often found in head MRI include tumors, meningitis, epilepsy, intracranial lesions, metastases and others. The use of T1-weighted FLAIR sequences has a long duration of time, but produces a good image and by adding contrast media can show more sensitive abnormalities and minor abnormalities. The aim of the study was to analyze the application of the T1-weighted FLAIR Contrast Enhancement sequence to be more informative than the T1-weighted Contrast Enhancement sequence. This study uses the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method. There are 80 literatures that have been selected in the initial stage. It was then followed by an extraction process, which produced 10 selected references. There are three stages of extraction, namely looking at the abstract title, identifying inclusion criteria, and identifying exclusion criteria. The results of this study indicate that the T1-weighted FLAIR Contrast Enhancement sequence is more sensitive to minor lesion abnormalities such as clinical parenchymal lesions, meningitis and leptomeningeal inflammatory disease than T1-weighted Contrast Enhancement.
Digestion diatom using Battarbee and Ruhland methods for Pengilon Lake, Dieng, Wonosobo, Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Rosyada S , Soeprobowati T R
Published: July 2021

Diatoms have been used as a bioindicator of water quality since 1990s. Digestion methods are a fundamental process prior to paleolimnological analysis with the aim to remove organic material from diatom cells which makes it easier for the identification process. This research objective was to evaluate different methods for digestion diatoms that suitable for samples from tropical sediment, especially from Pengilon Lake Dieng, Central Java, Indonesia. Pengilon Lake was formed by eruption of Mount Prahu with clear water and used as an irrigation source. This research was compared Battarbee and Ruhland methods. In the Battarbee method, the samples were freeze-dried, and approximately 1 gram of each sample was measured and used HCl-H2O2 for extraction of the diatom. In the Ruhland method, the samples were freeze-dried, and approximately 1 gram was digested in 10 ml of concentrated HNO3-H2SO4. Under the Battarbee method, at least 21 diatom species were identified, and under the Ruhland method, 23 diatom species were identified. Ruhland method is less time consuming around 33 hours, where the Battarbee method around 73 hours. From the visibility Battarbee method, striae are clear, but some undigested material disturbing identification process. The different results of diatom caused by the imperfect digestion of the organic material, which is influenced by chemical components for extracts organic. As far as the Ruhland method are an appropriate digestion method in a tropical area such as Pengilon Lake.
The effect of coconut sap amount and salt texture on the protein content and total bacterial number in ina sua
Authors: Wattimena S C , Temartenan J S , Lesbatta K J
Published: July 2021

Ina sua is a salted-fermented fish made traditionally by the Teon-Nila-Serua community in the Maluku islands, Indonesia. In addition to salt, ‘sageru’ (coconut sap) is often added in Ina sua production. This study aims to find out the effect of coconut sap amount and salt texture on the protein content and the number of bacteria in the skipjack-Ina sua. This study used a complete randomized design with 3 treatments and 3 replications for each experiment. For coconut sap effect experiment, the amount of coconut sap used were 10 ml/100g fish, 30 ml/100g fish, and 50 ml/100g fish with 30% salt (a mixture of fine and coarse salt). For the salt texture experiment, 30 % coarse salt, 30% fine salt, and a mixture of fine salt (15%) and coarse salt (15%) with 30 ml coconut sap /100g fish were used. The mixtures were incubated at room temperature for two weeks. Analysis of variance and Tuckey test were used to analyse the data. The results show that the amount of coconut sap has a significant effect on the protein content, total bacterial number, and pH in Ina sua, while salt texture has significant effect only on the protein content in Ina sua.
Characterization of green silver nanoparticles of Graptophyllum pictum leaf extract: from the localized surface plasmon resonance to the antimicrobial activity
Authors: Wattimena S C , Silooy D R , Patty P J
Published: July 2021

This study aims to synthesize silver nanoparticles using leaf extract of Graptophyllum pictum and to characterize their properties, starting from localized surface plasmon resonance, functional groups and the particle size distribution, to their antibacterial activity. The measurement of the wavelength of localized surface plasmon resonance was conducted using UV-VIS spectroscopy, while FTIR spectroscopy was used to identify the chemical bonds of organic compounds in the particle. The particle size distribution was analyzed using TEM. The spectrophotometric method was used to assess the antimicrobial properties of the particles against Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli. For this purpose, OD-620 of the bacterial sample was compared to OD-620 of the bacterial sample mixed with the silver nanoparticles, where the data was taken in 24 hours. The wavelength of localized surface plasmon resonance was found to be 455 nm, while FTIR spectrum showed the chemical bonds of organic compounds, denoting the presence of the extract on the particle. The particles were mostly spherical with diameters varying from 5.4 nm to 50.6 nm and the mean diameter was found to be 21.5±9.9 nm. The results from the antimicrobial assessment show that Graptophyllum pictum silver nanoparticles inhibit the growth of both S. aureus and E. coli, where during 24 hours of observation time, the particles affected E. coli, faster than the particles affected S. aureus.
Study of the pineapple peel vinegar potency in restoring the gonadosomatic index of the diabetic rats
Authors: Sitasiwi A J , Jannah S N , Isdadiyanto S , Annisa T , Hermawati C M , Sari A M , Putra M A D
Published: July 2021

The side effect of Diabetes mellitus is the decrease in the reproductive function which could be observed by the Gonadosomatic Index. Gonadosomatic index is a value that expresses the proportion of testis weight to body weight. Pineapple peel vinegar is a diabetic therapy that has been proved in decreasing the blood sugar levels in diabetic rats, but the effect in restoring GSI has not been evaluated yet. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of pineapple peel vinegar in GSI in diabetic rats. Eighteen male rats were divided into 6 groups, i.e., control (C); negative control (Cn), diabetic rats treated with water; positive control (Cp), diabetic rats treated with 0.4 ml apple vinegar; P1, P2, and P3 (diabetic rats s treated with 0,2 ml, 0,4 and 0,8 ml of pineapple peel vinegar). They were treated for 21 days. The day after the last treatment, rats were sacrificed, and testes were isolated and weighted. The GSI was determined by calculated the proportion of the gonad mass to the total body mass. The result showed there was a significant difference (p<0.05) in GSI between treated Cn (0,59 ± 0,05), P1 group (0,62 ± 0,06), P3 (0,70 ± 0,04) when compared to C (0,52 ± 0,03) and Cp (0,36 ± 0,24) groups. The P2 group (0,53 ± 0,08) showed has no significant difference (p>0.05) when compared to C (0,52 ± 0,03) and Cp (0,36 ± 0,24). It could be concluded that pineapple peel vinegar has high potency in restoring the GSI on diabetic rats.
Potential of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms) in Rawapening lake as raw material for fish feed
Authors: Prasetyo S , Anggoro S , Soeprobowati T R
Published: July 2021

Feed is a major factor in determining the success of aquaculture business. The quality and quantity of feeding properly will maximize the growth of fish. Various research and application of technology has been made to obtain alternative feed source so as to reduce the level of dependence on the food production industry. The eutrophication condition of Rawapening Lake has triggered the water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms) to grow out of control. It speeds up the loss of water weeds, cover the surface of the water into the fishing area and degrade water quality. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of water hyacinth as an alternative fish feed ingredient. In addition, it is also an effort to control the growth of water hyacinth in Rawapening Lake. The descriptive analysis method with a quantitative approach was chosen in this study. After making flour, water hyacinth has a protein content of 12.51%. Water hyacinth fine flour mixed with other ingredients including fish meal and fish feed bisamenghasilkan rice bran protein content of 30.2477%. The results of testing the stability of feed in water (Water Stability Feed) showed that the feed was destroyed after being immersed in cold water for 17 hours. The buoyancy test shows the feed is classified as a submerged type. The feed sinks because it has a specific gravity which is greater than the specific gravity of water. The feed hardness test shows that the feed is not destroyed after being given a load of 500 grams. The heavier the load that the feed can hold, it means the feed is getting harder. Protein content of 30.2477% indicates that alternative fish feed has competitive quality because it is able to meet the protein needs of cultivated fish. Especially fish cultivated in tropical areas which have lower protein requirements (20-30%).
Phenetic analysis of turkey berry (Solanum torvum Sw.) based on morphological character in Semarang region
Authors: Martina M , Jumari J , Murningsih M
Published: July 2021

Turkey berry (Solanum torvum Sw.) plant is originated from America, then spread widely to Asian regions. They used as food and pharmaceutical. The differences of latitude affecting morphological variations of Turkey berry since it affecting the physicochemical condition of their habitat, namely temperature and pH. Environmental temperature is one of important factor since it influencing the interaction process, while pH determines the growth and formation of chlorophyll. Morphological variations in turkey berry plant cause a similarity relationship that can examined using phenetic analysis. Currently, studies of turkey berry phenetic analysis based on morphological characters have not been done yet. This study examines the morphological variations of turkey berry that grow in different altitude specifically in the Semarang area. The sampling method which used in this study is the purposive sampling method. Turkey berry samples were obtained from altitude of 300, 600 and 900 above sea level respectively. Data analysis was performed using MVSP (MultiVariate Statistical Package) application. The algorithm used in the MVSP application is UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmatic Mean) with the Simple Matching Coefficient method, or grouping method with the complaints of paired pairs by analysis of the distance between pairs. The Operations Taxonomic Units (OTUs) analyzes 27 individuals, with 33 different morphological characters. Phenetic analysis shows the coefficient corelation between OTUs reaches 0.81 which is divided into 2 main clusters and 11 sub-clusters. This shows that turkey berry does not form subspecies to grow in different inner regions.
Application of Doyle and Doyle method for DNA isolation from pamelo yellow orange (Citrus maxima Merr), lime orange (C. limon) and sunkist orange (C. sinensis)
Authors: Mawarni S N , Khairunnisa D , Larasati I , Rizqo N , Erfianti T , Kusumaningrum H P , Ferniah R S , Pujiyanto S
Published: July 2021

Various species of the genus Citrus have grown naturally and were cultivated in Indonesia as a mega-biodiversity country. In recent years, the nutritional content and antioxidant activity of citrus fruits has been used to prevent of the various chronic and degenerative human diseases including potential as an antidote to viruses. Development of the potential and superiority of Indonesian oranges including Pomelo yellow orange (Citrus maxima Merr), lime orange (C. limon) and Sunkist orange (C. sinensis) are needed to be done with molecular characterization that begins with DNA isolation. The study was conducted with the aim of applying the Doyle and Doyle method for DNA isolation to all of the three types of oranges. The method for isolate DNA from plant usually use Cethyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide (CTAB) and Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate (SDS). The aim of this study is to isolate DNA from the orange leaves of Pomelo Yellow Orange, Lime Orange and Sunkist Orange with the Doyle & Doyle method. The results of the isolation of orange DNA were measured using NanoDrop. The results showed that the DNA of the three oranges had purity of pomelo yellow oranges 1,83, limes 1.8 and sunkist oranges 1,51. The concentrations obtained from each of the oranges were Yellow Bali Citrus 532 ng / µl, Lime Citrus 664.5 ng / µl and Sunkist Orange 888.6 ng / µl.
Improvement of the potency of microalgae Nannochloropsis and Chaetoceros through antioxidant analysis and optimization of DNA isolation
Authors: Zulkarnain M I , Rahayu H T , Herida A P , Erfianti T , Kusumaningrum H P , Zainuri M , Endrawati H , Widowati I , Haryanti W D U , Mahendrajaya R T
Published: July 2021

Nannochloropsis and Chaetoceros are microalgae that commonly used as natural feed for aquaculture animals. These microalgae are able to produce secondary metabolites that is used as an antioxidant. The objective of the study was to analyze the antioxidant activity from both microalgae using the DPPH method in relation with their DNA quality and quantity. The method for DNA isolation optimation was Doyle and Doyle method with slight modification. The results of this research showed the percentage of inhibition of Nannochloropsis and Chaetoceros were 9.72 % and 5.78%, respectively. While optimization of DNA isolation exhibited that Nannochloropsis was 193,5 ng/ul with a purity of 1,99 while Chaetoceros was 93.9 ng / µl with a purity of 2.00.
Genetic and epigenetic of pain perception
Authors: Nugroho M S , Kamilla D N , Auerkari E I
Published: July 2021

Pain is the common reason why patient seeking for medical help. Recent studies, shows that there are various type of genes that have a role in pain perception. Genetic’s role include pain sensation Genome Wide Association Study, Single Nucleotide Polymorphism, and epigenetic in pain modulation. Recent studies shows that epigenetic mechanism can alter the expression of pronSetyaociceptive or antinociceptive gene that useful in managing pain from now on. In genes there are one or more polymorphisms that effect the expression of the protein products that later affect the pain response. Ion Channel is a protein membrrane that transporting ion in and out of a cell. This ion channel can change depends on the genes that made the protein. Recent studies shown that there’s more than 450 ion channel genes. From all of those ion channels, voltage gated sodium channel (Nav) tend to be investigated more deeply because Nav is the most common and widely distributed in human cell. Changes on those channels can cause neuropathic pain. Small Fibre Neuropathy caused by defect of fiber myelinated A-delta and unmyelinated C. Substitution of a single aminoalkanoic acid in gene SCN9A, a gene that encoding for Na+ channel Nav1.7, can cause changes in channel Nav1.7. Study shows that Small Fibre Neuropathy lesion in gene SCN9A has decreased after surgical pain sensitivity in cohort patients. There’s two types of inherited traits of pain sensation which is Mendellian and Non-Mendellian. Mendellian Inherited Traits show a relation between gene and a specific pain sensation that in recent studies show mutation in Nav1.7 ion channel. However, the Non Mendellian Inherited Traits said that Catechol O Methyltrasnferase, Guanosin Trifosfat, Cyclo Hydrolase and Nav1.9 have a very important role in pain sensation. This gene mutation information can help the clinician to give a better treatment strategies for patients.
Van der woude syndrome
Authors: Elien T , Kamilla D N , Auerkari E I
Published: July 2021

Orofacial clefts (OFCs) are the most common craniofacial birth defect in all populations worldwide and include cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) and cleft palate alone (CP). Approximately 70% of OFC are non syndromic while 30 % are syndromic. Syndromic OFCs are often caused by structural chromosomal anomalies or by coding mutations in a single gene. The most common OFC syndrome is Van der Woude syndrome (VWS, MIM #119300) which has 2% of all OFCs with an overall prevalence of 1/35,000-1/100,000 live births. The characteristic features of Van der Woude syndrome are orofacial clefts and congenital lower lip pits. IRF6 or GRHL3 plays an important role in VWS mutations. Van der Woude syndrome is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, mostly an affected person has one parent with the condition. Patients with Van der Woude Syndrome who has OFCs increased the risk of delayed language development, learning disabilities, or other mild cognitive problems. The average IQ of individuals with van der Woude syndrome is not significantly different. IRF6 or GRHL3 plays an important role in VWS mutations. The IRF6 protein is active in cells that give rise to tissues in the head and face. A shortage of the IRF6 protein affects the development and maturation of tissues in the face, resulting in the signs and symptoms of van der Woude syndrome such as OFCs. GRHL3 were shown to be required for the development of the periderm, and an important player in the IRF6 dependent pathway of periderm development. In this review, author will explain further about Van der Woude Syndrome and review the literature available on recent studies toward the caused of Van der Woude Syndrome whether it is developed from IRF6 genes.
Vitamin D receptor TaqI (rs731236) gene polymorphism in caries patients
Authors: Gani A Z , Zahra P K , Soedarsono N , Yunaini L , Auerkari E I
Published: July 2021

Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is included in the type of protein that serves as the biological function regulator of vitamin D. Tooth formation, especially in enamel and dentin calcification, as well as maintaining the balance of phosphate and calcium ions which is an important factor in protecting teeth requires support from vitamin D. The VDR gene will regulate the activity of VDR proteins. Caries is a multifactorial disease in which genetic factors can affect the host susceptibility to caries. Polymorphism in the VDR gene is suspected to affect the host susceptibility to caries through changes in calcium metabolism. This study aims to discover the VDR gene polymorphism and its association with caries patients in Indonesia. 100 DNA samples from 100 blood samples, including 50 dental caries patients and 50 healthy controls, were analyzed using PCR-RFLP technique. PCR products were digested with the TaqI restrictive enzyme, then assessed with statistical analysis using Fisher’s exact test and Continuity correction test. In the caries group, there were no samples with CC genotype, 4 samples with CT genotype, and 46 samples with TT genotype. There were also 4 C alleles and 96 T alleles. Polymorphic genotypes and alleles were found higher in the caries group (100% and 96%) than healthy controls (88% and 84%). These results conclude that the polymorphism of VDR TaqI (rs731236) gene was found in patients with dental caries. The distribution of genotypes and allele distributions of VDR TaqI (rs731236) gene between caries and healthy controls significantly differs noticeable (p <0.05).
Isolation and molecular identification of thermophilic bacteria from litter of mount Galunggung hot spring, Tasikmalaya, Indonesia
Authors: Ningsih F , Nurlaili D G , Yokota A , Yabe S , Sjamsuridzal W
Published: July 2021

Thermophilic bacteria from litter deposited at Cipanas hot spring of mount Galunggung, Tasikmalaya, West Java, Indonesia, were isolated using a culture-dependent approach. Medium InternationalStreptomycesProject (ISP) 1 solidified with gellan gum was used as an isolation medium. Isolation plates were incubated at 50°C for three weeks. The physicochemical analysis showed that the hot spring has a neutral pH and temperatures ranging from 50−56°C. A total of 16 bacterial isolates were obtained and purified. The analysis of partial 16S rRNA gene sequences data and phylogenetic analyses showed that they belong toFirmicutesandProteobacteriaphyla. The majority of bacterial isolates are spore-forming bacteria. The molecular identification based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence data showed that they belong toAneurinibacillus thermoaerophilus(1);Brevibacillus gelatini(7);Bacillus licheniformis(1);Chelatococcus composti(1);Laceyella sacchari(2);Paenibacillus barengoltzii(1); andPseudoxanthomonas taiwanensis(3). Percentage sequence similarities to their closest taxa were 91 to 99%. Phylogenetic analysis shed a light to the detection of candidates of novel taxa from litter of mount Galunggung hot spring.
Production of γ- Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) by Monascus Purpureus isolated from Angkak, a mold isolated from Angkak in Semarang, Indonesia
Authors: Kusdiyantini E , Nurhayati  , Ferniah R S
Published: July 2021

Angkak is a rice fermented product that has red colour because of the presence of Monascus sp. This product has long been used as a food colouring and traditional medicine, especially in Asian countries including Indonesia. Angkak is also commercialized in Semarang and used as a medicine for dengue fever. Monascus purpureus is a common mold obtained from Angkak marketed in Semarang. In addition to producing pigments for food, Monascus sp. can synthesize lovastatin or monacolin-K which could reduce blood cholesterol levels also produce γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) which has physiological functions, such as neurotransmitters. This study aimed to determine the production of GABA produced by Monascus purpureus isolated from commercial Angkak in Semarang. M. purpureus was grown in broth medium (Potato Dextrose Broth) for 14 days in 28°C, and regularly measured the pigment concentration and GABA content every 6 days. The mould was also cultivated in rice solid medium (IR42) for 30 days to measure GABA concentration. The result showed that extracellular pigments were yellow and red with concentration for about 37,358 U/g and 2.6545 U/g, respectively. While intracellular pigment stored in mycelia, the yellow pigment had the highest concentration (30.176 U/g) followed by yellow pigment (7.1475 U/g). GABA content obtained from a broth culture of M. purpureus, Angkak from M. purpureus and commercial Angkak were 0.0796 mg/mL, 0.0332 mg/mL and 0.0203 mg/mL, respectively.
Automatic speech recognition by using local adaptive thresholding in continuous speech segmentation
Authors: Endah S N , Kusumaningrum R , Adhy S , Ulfattah R A
Published: July 2021

Speech recognition of continuous speech will be greatly influenced by the word segmentation process of the speech input. Proper segmentation will result in better speech recognition. This study proposed automatic speech recognition by applying local adaptive thresholding in the segmentation process. The segmentation method used is an enhanced blocking block area method whose input is a spectrogram image of the speech signal. While the locally adaptive thresholding method used is the Niblack method which is the best method compared to other methods, namely Sauvola, Bradley, Guanglei Xiong, and Bernsen when applied to the enhanced blocking block area method. For the speech recognition process, using Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCC) as a feature extraction method and Hidden Markov Model (HMM) as speech recognition. The experimental results show that by using 400 sentences consisting of 80 testing data and 320 as training data and using K-fold cross-validation, the highest accuracy is 60,8%. This result has no significant difference with the use of global thresholding in the segmentation process.
Analysis of factors that influence satisfaction and usefulness for attendance system with the Delone & McLean model (case study: attendance system at Diponegoro University)
Authors: Nugraheni D M K , Bayastura S F
Published: July 2021

The attendance system is an educational management tool at Diponegoro University used for attendance activities using technology. The attendance system is implemented in the “Sistem Informasi Akademik, Penelitian dan Pengabdian” (SIAP) application and can be accessed by students through Single Sign On (SSO). Students can do it using the smartphone they have. This research is analyzed through the factors that affect students’ satisfaction and usefulness after using the attendance system. The analysis will be performed using the Delone & McLean model and additional usefulness variables from the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) model. A total of 506 respondents participated in this research. Respondent data is then processed using smartPLS 3.0 software. Based on the research, some indicators do not meet the measurement criteria. The attendance information on the attendance system can be accessed using various types of smartphones, so the indicators must be removed from the model. The research results have found that system quality affects usefulness, service quality effect on usefulness, information quality effect on usefulness, system quality effect user satisfaction, service quality effect on user satisfaction, information quality affect on user satisfaction, and usefulness effect on user satisfaction.
Fisheries waste handling to enhanced fishers society economic growth: blue growth initiative perspective
Authors: Dewi D A A N , Sugiyanto F X , Iskandar D D
Published: July 2021

Residual waste processing is an alternative to enhance coastal communities capabilities. This is one of the blue growth initiative programs. Fisheries waste forms are heads, bones, scales, fish entrails, or shells. The purposes of this observation are to provide an alternative way to handling waste produced by scallops to reduce waste, calculate waste treatment product, processing waste shell value and estimate waste processing revenue. The research method uses quantitative descriptive method with a case approach to the management of scallops waste shells in Batang District in Central Java Province. Production of scallop shells in Batang District which can be processed into Ca flour is estimated as much as 9.17 tons per year. Gross income approximately IDR 45,788,080.00 per year. It is an alternative product as a community side job around the shellfish waste landfill area and resolves the problem of shell waste in Batang District.
Mathematical model of ships convoy in delivery of goods
Authors: Tjahjana R H
Published: July 2021

This paper describes the ship convoys intended for mathematically modelling. The phenomenon essentially imitates the behaviour of a shoal of fish for several advantages. However, a control design is investigated to ascertain the factors influencing the fleet to navigate jointly without diversion or collision. Furthermore, the vessels are assumed to function independently, but are only assigned a common task of delivering goods. The control design process employs an optimal method known as the Pontryagin Maximum Principle, and the model implemented is generally applied to marine vessels. Meanwhile, the control equation utilizes the Nomoto’s model. In addition, the ship model supports the rudder input responsible for the change in the direction of motion. Also, this study exposes a functional cost pattern describing the joint tasks and further models the ship convoys for optimum control. The numerical simulation provides a detailed summary of the applied optimal process to solve the problems encountered in deliveries.
Properties of the matrix from Kronecker product on the representation of quaternion group
Authors: Ahsan  , Yanita Y , Bahri S
Published: July 2021

This paper discusses the properties of matrices, which are elements of a group derived from the application of Kronecker product to the representation of the quaternion group (the author calls this group with Kronecker quaternion group). The properties of the new matrices constructed by matrices from the Kronecker quaternion group as submatrix in a partitioned matrix are discussed based on transpose, determinant, and permutation matrix.
Fuzzy time series Markov Chain and Fuzzy time series Chen & Hsu for forecasting
Authors: Zaenurrohman  , Hariyanto S , Udjiani T
Published: July 2021

Fuzzy time series theory is a concept of artificial intelligence that can use to conduct forecasting technique.. This paper discusses the fuzzy logic concept to develop the base of the fuzzy time series with time invariant and time variant methods. There are several methods of fuzzy time series, including Markov Chain method and Chen and Hsu method. The Markov Chain method combines between the fuzzy time series and the Markov Chain. This merger goals to finest opportunity of the use matrix probability transitions. Chen and Hsu method is based on the historical data difference in conducting forecasting. By using Markov Chain and Chen & Hsu methods, it may achieve forecasting outcomes with a low mistakes rate. To clarify each technique and for comparison further, it is given an example of the relevant issue to be resolved by both methods. The consequences acquired can be compared, so it can be concluded which method is better.
The time series clustering of stock price in LQ45 index and its financial performance analysis
Authors: Afrimayani  , Devianto D
Published: July 2021

Stock price in time series data can be analyzed with the clustering method by using the autocorrelation function distance measurement method. The purpose of this study is to cluster stock prices with the same characteristics and analyze companies’ financial performance in each cluster and provide a reference to investors in making choices to develop their investments. This study uses time-series data from stock prices in the LQ45 index, which is continuously available and registered from January 2010 to December 2019, as many as 32 companies. The results of this study are obtained 3 clusters, where the first cluster contains 17 stocks, the second cluster contains six stocks, and the third cluster contains nine stocks. After clustering, the financial performance of each cluster is analyzed in 2019. The companies’ financial performance in the first cluster shows that the company has proper inventories, total assets, profit for the period, and can get great benefits. The third cluster shows that the company has a relatively good current ratio and demonstrates its ability to generate profits from the high assets and equity used. Meanwhile, the second cluster has quite high receivables.
Application of Fuzzy AHP and Fuzzy TOPSIS methods for the new normal problem
Authors: Utomo E Y , Udjiani T , Surarso B
Published: July 2021

The government have new program to deal with the pandemic impact of the Coronavirus, which is said with the new normal. The implementation of the new normal itself requires more attention in terms of the readiness of a region to implement the program. Determination of these areas can be done using the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP) and fuzzy technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution(TOPSIS) methods. Fuzzy AHP is used to determine the weight of the existing criteria, while Fuzzy TOPSIS is used to determine the safest area and is ready to implement the new normal. The case study for the problem in this paper is Central Java Province, with alternatives districts and cities. The influencing criterias are the number of People Under Surveillance (PeUS), the number of Patient Under Surveillance (PaUS), the number of patients being treated, the number of positive patients who died, and positive patients who recovered. Triangular fuzzy number approach both methods. The results of this study found that 30% of the total number of districts or cities are ready to implement the New Normal program. This study also explain that the higher of the patient number being treated, the less safe an area will be. While the patients number who recover is increasing, then an area will be ready to implement a New Normal program.
Local stability analysis for tuberculosis epidemic with SI1I2R model
Authors: Taqiya F A , Sutimin  , Tjahjana R H , Utomo R H S , Herdiana R , Permatasari A H
Published: July 2021

TB is an infectious disease that attacks parts of the body, one of the lungs. This disease is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium Tuberculosis through the droplet nucleus which spreads when the patient coughs or sneezes. This TB epidemic model is classified into four subpopulations, namely the susceptible subpopulation, the symptomatic infection subpopulation, the asymptomatic infection subpopulation, and the recovered subpopulation, by introducing treatment at each stage of infection and analysing dynamic models. The analysis was carried out to determine the local stability balance point which can be determined through the basic reproduction number (ℛ0) obtained through the Next Generation Matrix (NGM). When the value of ℛ0 <1, the disease-free equilibrium point will be asymptotically stable using the Routh-Hurwitz criteria, and when ℛ0> 1, the endemic equilibrium point will be asymptotically stable locally using the Manifold Center. The Routh-Hurwitz criterion is used to investigate the stability of the disease-free equilibrium point if all parts of the real eigenvalues of the jacobian matrix are negative. The manifold center method is used to investigate the stability of the endemic equilibrium point at ℛ0> 1 which is determined by the number of roots of the characteristic equation with zero root real parts. Numerical simulations are used to make it easier to explain the dynamic behavior of a system and describe its analytical results.
Individual self-development information system based on the evaluation of civil servant performance appraisal with ELECTRE method and profile matching
Authors: Pertiwi A N F I , Surarso B , Farikhin
Published: July 2021

Improvement Performance Appraisal of the Civil Servant (CS) is important in the field of Human Resource Development. Currently, conventional performance appraisal is still used even though it cannot provide an objective assessment. CS performance is important so it needs to be properly assessed. CS performance is influenced by working behavior and competence. Various methods have been carried out to improve the competence of CS. In this case, more directed to a formal way, Self-Development is less emphasized on each individual CS itself. Therefore, in this research, Profile Matching and ELECTRE method is recommended to measure the value of criteria weighting on CS Self-Development. Input from this Profile Matching are questioner data in the form of interest and talent ability from CS. Then the suitable measurement is used to determine the weight criteria using ELECTRE. Thus, the ELECTRE method will be used to calculate the values that have been obtained and adjusted to the existing rules. The output of this information system is a data list of recommendations for field competencies that can be selected by CS.
Convergence of the 3-point block backward differentiation formulas with off-step point for stiff ODEs
Authors: Soomro H , Daud H , Zainuddin N
Published: July 2021

Development of 3-Point Block Method with one off-step point using Backward Differentiation Formula (BDF) is presented in this paper to find out the solution for stiff Ordinary Differential Equation (ODEs). By considering the Backward Differentiation Formulas (BBDF), the block method has been derived. It is well known that BBDF is used for solving stiff ODEs. The strategy for the development of this process is to compute three solution values with one off-step point concurrently to each iteration. One off-step point is added in the implicit BBDF method for better accuracy. Derivation of the formulae and consistency properties are generated in this paper. Numerically the proposed method with order five is achieved as a result. Mathematica software has been used for the derivation and consistency of the method.
Tchebycheff system and its application to construct the minimally supported design for generalized exponential model
Authors: Widiharih T , Mustafid  , Sudarno  , Prahutama A
Published: July 2021

The generalized exponential model has a unimodal curve shape, so it can be used as a growth function model. Determination of the supported designs must be run to construct the model is a serious problem. Based on the supported designs are expected to meet the optimal criteria. In this paper, we use the D-optimal criteria, which is minimized the variance of the parameter estimator. The standardized variance function has an important role in the D-optimal design. The D-optimal design is a design with the value of standardized variance at supported designs is equal to the number of parameters. The number of roots of the standardized variance function needs to be find to determine the number of supported designs. Tchebycheff system is a set of continuous functions that can be used to determine the number of roots of a function. A design with the number of supported designs same as the number of roots of the standardized variance function with uniform weight is a minimally supported design.
Robust regression with MM-estimator for modelling the number maternal mortality of pregnancy in Central Java, Indonesia
Authors: Prahutama A , Rusgiyono A
Published: July 2021

Regression is a method of statistics analysis for modeling between the dependent variable to independent variables. Estimation in the regression model uses the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. In the regression model, several assumptions are required. One of the reasons for the violation of the assumption is that there are outliers in the data. There are several methods that can be used to overcome outliers, one of which is using the Robust MM-estimator regression. The MM-estimator has high efficiency when the error is normally distributed and also has a high breakdown value. To implement the SDG’s program, one program is health. It has objectiveness to reduce maternal mortality rate. Maternal mortality consist of pregnancy, give of birth and postpartum mother. In this study the data used was the number of maternal mortality of pregnancy in Central Java in 2019 as the dependent variable, while the independent variables used included the percentage of pregnant women consuming Fe3 tablet (X1), percentage of households that have a clean and healthy lifestyle (X2); percentage of pregnant women who made the first visit (X3); The results obtained in multiple regression modeling produce R square value of 0.222679 and Mean Square Error (MSE) of 6.894871. The assumptions in the regression model unfulfilled, may be caused by outlier in data. In MM robust regression modeling, the R square value is 0.2695, and the MSE value is 4.989. It shows that robust regression modeling with MM estimator is better than multiple regression.