bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Approach to Adaptive Sustainable Facades Inspired by Plants
Authors: Nour ElDin Nadeen , Abdou Amal
Published: December 2020

Nowadays, and under the global warming circumstances we are facing, particularly those resulting from the building sectors, many directions for more sustainable and eco-friendly concepts have emerged. From these sustainability approaches is the “Biomimicry” approach. This approach represents the science of imitating and benefiting from nature’s principles. Nature has provided various strategies to adapt to the surrounding conditions. There are several methodologies and tools developed following the biomimicry approach and taking nature as inspiration. However, difficulties arise in collaborating more than one discipline, which consumes a lot of time and effort, consequently cost. Furthermore, the existing methodologies are still too generic for architects. Therefore, this paper aims at developing a platform that integrates different methodologies, approaches, and tools comprehensively.In this paper, the focus would be on plant adaptations. A more focus would be on the building’s envelope specifically due to its valuable contribution to the building’s overall energy consumption. The paper seeks to integrate the plant’s adaptive strategies to the building envelope. The motivation is to tackle solutions for the building envelope environmental problems mainly for heat, water air, and light challenges.
Guilty by Association: Addressing Sustainability in Architecture Education
Authors: Santini Tyana
Published: December 2020

Despite the growing interest in sustainability, negative associations of this term with naïve discourses, green-washing, or low-quality design are still common within some areas in the discipline of architecture. Through a literature review and an examination of the programs of the top ten architecture schools, this article explores the causes and implications of this slight but persistent discredit of sustainability in the field of architecture. The article discusses how some of the perceived downsides of sustainability are reflected on the university curricula, as the fragmented understanding of environmental problems or the overly technical approach to their solution within technology and design. The discussion also addresses the improvements brought by recent multidisciplinary explorations of environmental issues made within the architectural humanities, that provide students a comprehensive historical, social, and cultural understanding of the issue.
Evaluation of the implementation of IWRM in the lower Oueme valley, south Benin
Authors: Cocker Fêmi , Vodounou Jean-Bosco K. , Yabi Jacob A.
Published: December 2020

The objective of this study is to assess the level of application of integrated water resources management (IWRM) in the lower Oueme valley. In order to achieve this, interviews with the actors' families allowed, on the basis of the survey on indicator 6.5.1 of the Sustainable Development Goals, to represent the degree of implementation of IWRM in the lower Oueme valley using a United Nations (UN) form. The results of this analysis reveal a low level of IWRM implementation with a score of 31 on a scale of 0–100. The weaknesses identified are mainly related to the lack of funding (score of 20/100) to cover all aspects of the development and management of water resources. Inadequate instruments or tools (score of 25/100) to enable decision-makers and users to make rational and informed decisions between different options and action measures, the unfavourable environment (score of 35/100) and finally weak institutional efficiency (score of 45/100), intersectoral coordination, and the involvement of various other stakeholders, are all evils that undermine the efficient management of water resources in the lower valley of Oueme.
Freshwater requirement to attain open-defecation-free status in Nigeria by 2025
Authors: Adeoti O. , Akinola F. F. , Ogundare S. A. , Awe B. S.
Published: December 2020

Nigeria is a signatory to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Target 6.2 of Goal 6 has requested countries who are parties to the SDGs to end open defecation by 2030. Notwithstanding this, the Government of Nigeria launched a far more ambitious National Road Map in 2016 to end open defecation in the country by 2025. Since water and sanitation are inextricably linked, this paper estimates Nigeria's freshwater requirement to attain open-defecation-free status by 2025. The analysis revealed that the quantity of freshwater required amounted to between 2.74 and 2.94 × 106 cubic metres (m3) per day or between 1.0 and 1.1 × 109 m3 per year under the assumptions made. This amount is relatively less than Nigeria's total water resources potential estimated at 375.1 × 109 m3/year. The data presented will help increase the reliability of estimates of water for sanitation in Nigeria.
Improving students' knowledge of puberty and menstruation in rural Zimbabwe: an evaluation of Sesame Workshop's Girl Talk program
Authors: Light Daniel , Matinhure-Muzondo Nelia , Ferguson Camille , Muzondo Tamuka Huston , Lungu Nennie Harvey
Published: December 2020

The Girl Talk initiative, a collaboration of Sesame Workshop, World Vision International and World Vision Zimbabwe, is an innovative project to address gaps in pubertal health and menstrual hygiene education among pre-adolescent and adolescent girls and boys in rural Zimbabwe. Girl Talk uses short animated videos, with accompanying print materials, that use stories about a Zimbabwean school girl, Didi, and her female and male friends growing up and helping each other deal with the challenges they face as they enter puberty. Girl Talk materials are all in the local language, Shona, and are designed to foster conversations among the students and teachers about the experiences of puberty and menstruation that are based on science. The Education Development Center (EDC) and the Zimbabwean firm, NGO Consultancy Africa, were contracted by Sesame Workshop to evaluate Girl Talk. Using a quasi-experimental control-group design with repeated measures to assess the impact of Girl Talk on participating students, the research found a significant impact on participating students’ knowledge about puberty and menstruation compared with the control sample.
The effect of alkaline pretreatment on surfactant-modified clinoptilolite for diclofenac adsorption: isotherm, kinetic, and thermodynamic studies
Authors: Ghavi Fateme Poorsharbaf , Raouf Fereshteh , Koohi Ahmad Dadvand
Published: December 2020

The elimination of diclofenac traces from aqueous environments is important. In this research, the effect of alkaline (NaOH) pretreatment on clinoptilolite before its modification with a surfactant (HDTMA) for diclofenac adsorption under the speculation of the sole presence of diclofenac in the aqueous solution is investigated. The results are compared through isotherm, kinetic, and thermodynamic studies and supplemented by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and the zeta potential analyses. The contact time was investigated in a 0–180-min range. The pH effect was studied in a range of 5–10 because of diclofenac dissociation below pH = 5. The effect of the temperature on diclofenac adsorption was also considered by establishing the experiments at 25, 35, and 45 °C. For HDTMA-modified clinoptilolite, Temkin, and for NaOH-HDTMA-modified clinoptilolite, Dubinin–Radushkevich, and Freundlich isotherm models and in both cases, the pseudo-second-order kinetic model fitted the experimental data best. All the enthalpy and the entropy changes were negative, suggesting exothermic adsorption with a decrease in the degree of freedom of diclofenac anions after the adsorption. Furthermore, diclofenac physisorption was confirmed through isotherm and kinetic studies.
Avaliação da Qualidade da Água e Condições de Balneabilidade no Médio Rio Araguaia
Authors: Muniz Daphne Heloisa De Freitas , Santana Murilo Luiz E Castro , Oliveira-Filho Eduardo Cyrino
Published: December 2020

A utilização da água para fins de recreação vem aumentando nos últimos anos no Brasil estimulada pelo clima propício e pela abundância desse recurso no país. O Médio Rio Araguaia concentra um grande potencial turístico, principalmente no período de seca, devido à formação de praias, resultantes da diminuição da vazão da água ao longo do canal principal. O contato primário direto e prolongado com águas de má qualidade pode ser um risco à saúde dos usuários. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a qualidade da água no médio rio Araguaia, região de Cocalinho-MT, para fins de balneabilidade, por meio da caracterização de variáveis microbiológicas, químicas e física e aplicação do Índice de Qualidade da Água (IQA). As coletas ocorreram durante cinco dias consecutivos, no mês de julho de 2019, em 12 pontos de amostragem localizados próximos a praias com potencial para recreação de contato primário. Para cada amostra coletada, foram analisados os parâmetros: temperatura, oxigênio dissolvido, pH, turbidez, carbono orgânico total, nitrogênio total, fósforo total, resíduo total e Escherichia coli. Conforme classificação do IQA, a qualidade da água das 12 praias amostradas foi considerada “boa”. De acordo com a Resolução do CONAMA 274/2000, todas as amostras de água de todos os pontos coletados foram enquadradas como “próprias” e classificadas como “excelente”, não apresentando risco aos turistas na alta temporada.
Distribuição Espacial de Anomalocardia brasiliana na Praia de Requenguela, Icapuí, Ceará, Brasil
Authors: Marinho Reynaldo Amorim , Vieira Gabriel Jorge Medeiros , Freire George Satander Sá , Conceição Raimundo Nonato De Lima
Published: December 2020

Animais do filo Mollusca habitam diversas regiões do litoral brasileiro. Entre os bivalves com maior importância econômica encontra-se a Anomalocardia brasiliana, conhecida como berbigão. Este trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a distribuição espacial de A. brasiliana na praia de Requenguela. A área apresentou sedimento predominantemente arenoso, com maior abundância de areia muito fina e um diâmetro médio que variou de 1,19 a 3,35 phi. As análises biométricas demonstraram maior presença de adultos (>12,6 mm) com comprimento médio de 16,95 mm (± 1,16 mm). Foram amostrados 2.705 exemplares numa média de 54 indivíduos por metro quadrado, sendo 233 jovens e 2.472 adultos. As maiores densidades de jovens foram encontradas próximas a região do mangue em áreas de sedimento fino. Os adultos apresentaram maiores concentrações nas regiões centrais e mais ao sul da área amostrada, evidenciando uma característica de distribuição agregada no sentido mar-praia.
The Systemic Impacts of a Large-Scale Socio-Environmental Educational Program
Authors: Arantes do Amaral João Alberto , Da Cunha Fernando Monteiro , Dias Bárbara de Miranda Marques
Published: December 2020

In this article we present our findings regarding the systemic impacts of the Environmental Education for the Communities (ECOA) program, an educational program sponsored by the Alcoa Institute. The program, which was developed from 2014 to 2016 in Brazil, involved one corporation (Alcoa Institute), one educational consulting firm (Evoluir), seven Municipal Departments of Education and 30 schools and its surrounding communities. The program promoted environmental awareness following a project-based learning approach: first the students became aware of certain socio-environmental problems in their areas, and then they developed projects to address these problems with support of local communities and guidance from teachers and Evoluir’s educators. Our research objective was to understand the impacts of the program. We followed a qualitative research approach, collecting data by means of document analysis and interviews, unveiling the recurrent themes and analyzing the connections between them by means of a systemic analysis. Our main findings were: 1) The use of the PBL approach, involving schools and communities in joint planning and execution processes, promoted environmental awareness and strengthened the ties between the schools and local communities. 2) The PBL approach challenged the students to solve real-life problems, improving their critical thinking, their communications and problem-solving skills, leading to the improvement of their self-confidence and in their interest in learning. 3) The PBL approach empowered the teachers, motivating them to study and to make connections with community partners, thus changing the ways the courses were conducted and the relationships between school and local communities.
Tipología de las Universidades Colombianas y Características de su Gobierno Corporativo, Una Revisión Desde sus Estatutos
Authors: Ganga-Contreras Francisco Anibal , Gil Eduardo González
Published: December 2020

Describir los tipos de universidades que integran el sistema universitario de Colombia y las particularidades más relevantes en su estructura de gobierno corporativo, compuesta por el Máximo Cuerpo Colegiado (MCC) y el Rector o actor ejecutivo superior de la organización universitaria, es el objetivo central del trabajo. Se consideraron 83 estatutos orgánicos de las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) con carácter académico de universidad. Se analizaron variables relacionadas con distribución y presencia en el país, campos de acción y programas académicos, naturaleza jurídica, aseguramiento de la calidad, órganos de gobierno y el Rector. Los resultados muestran una diversidad de órganos de gobierno que se diferencian dada su definición y funciones tanto en lo colegiado como en las autoridades personales, aspectos que se relacionan con las tipologías encontradas. Se concluye que urge establecer un criterio común capaz de orientar las prácticas de un buen gobierno en las IES en el marco de su autonomía, que aborde los conflictos de interés, que articule la relación de cobertura y calidad, que promueva la cualificación de los equipos gerenciales para la gestión universitaria, el fomento de la meritocracia en los procesos de selección, la definición de funciones en los MCC y la participación de todos los grupos de interés, internos y externos, de la comunidad universitaria.
Limits of Sustainability Management at Community Universities
Authors: Fossatti Paulo , Marlon Monticelli Jefferson , Danesi Luiz Carlos , Jung Hildegard Susana
Published: December 2020

The article aims to identify, from the perspective of strategic managers, categories that participate in the establishment of an innovation culture in community universities in southern Brazil. The method is based on an exploratory, qualitative research using a multiple case study and considering a group of Brazilian universities as the analysis unit. The interviews were conducted with 67 managers from 14 higher education institutions, as well as legal provisions, documents, and scenario studies. The results point to the need for universities to work in a competitive strategic positioning; approaching academia and market times; guaranteeing innovation of the sustainable management principle; internationalization as an indicator of innovation; curricular inflection and formation of innovative leaderships. Our contribution lies in proposing that universities, regardless of their state, private or community status, must follow a strategic plan that is competitive in the market and boosts the innovation culture.
O Recurso da Triangulação como Ferramenta para Validação de Dados nas Pesquisas Qualitativas em Educação
Authors: Ferreira Nunes Andréa Karla , Barroso Rita de Cássia Amorim , Santos Jacques Fernandes , Santos Vinícius Silva
Published: December 2020

Este estudo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a produção do conhecimento científico e suas bases, de modo a destacar as concepções metodológicas que orientam os estudos e pesquisas em educação, com especial atenção ao recurso da triangulação de dados e métodos, como sendo fundamentais para o desenvolvimento dos objetos de estudo, refletindo-se nos processos de organização, execução e análise das investigações acadêmicas. Neste tocante, as questões que envolvem, tanto o universo da pesquisa, quanto o universo da educação e formação de novos pesquisadores encontram desafios ao entendimento do papel e espaço de cada ferramenta, sendo necessária uma firmeza de elucidação para garantir a progressão do conhecimento e qualidade dos resultados. Neste tocante, apresenta-se a triangulação como um campo capaz de ajudar os pesquisadores a terem solo fértil em suas análises. Traz os conceitos de método, pesquisa e ciência, apoiados em uma pesquisa bibliográfica com teorias de Max Weber (1997), Santos Filho & Gamboa (2009), Sobral & Bretas (2016), Descartes (2007), Locke (2016), Santos (2010), Coutinho (2011), Creswell (2007), Macedo, Galeffi, & Pimentel (2009), e por fim Santos (2019). Nesse processo, a diferenciação e clareza quanto ao emprego da triangulação diante do método escolhido se tornam imperativos para o cotidiano dos pesquisadores, especialmente no campo da educação, por sua especificidade à relação com objetos de natureza social, cultural e humana. Por fim, tais reflexões são necessárias à complexa e múltipla forma de pensar a pesquisa, ajudando na consolidação do perfil de investigadores capazes de desenvolver um método ideal, válido e concreto, apoiando o desenvolvimento dos estudos e gerando benefícios para a sociedade.
Comparison of the Regional and Global Production of Scientific Papers: A Perspective from Freshwater Fish Studies in Goiás State, Central Brazil
Authors: Carvalho Rodrigo Assis de , Tejerina-Garro Francisco Leonardo
Published: December 2020

Scientific production is often explored at broader scales but understanding whether regional trends follow global ones is an important issue for science and public policies. Using freshwater fish papers’ production in the Goiás State, Central Brazil, we tested two hypotheses: i) regional production of papers follows global tendencies; ii) regional production is driven by the number of authors, institutions, financial support and dissertations/thesis produced. From published papers we extracted the: year of publication, authors’ institution, journal of publication, impact factor and financial support. To test both hypotheses we performed, respectively, a Pearson correlation between papers number and year, and a multiple linear regression considering papers number or impact factor as response variable and authors, institutions, financial support and dissertations/thesis as predictors variables. We observed a positive correlation between papers number and year, whereas financial support, institutions and dissertation/thesis were the main drivers for papers number and impact factor. Regional production of fish papers follows global patterns of production (financial support and institutions number as mains drivers). However, this production remains influenced by particularities such as: an inconstant production through time and the fact that many papers are still published in journals without an impact factor.
A NEW SPECIES OF PAVANIA (ACARI: HETEROSTIGMATA: DOLICHOCYBIDAE) ASSOCIATED WITH SCARABAEUS TYPHON (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE) FROM RUSSIA
Authors: Khaustov Alexander A. , Frolov Andrey V.
Published: December 2020

A new species Pavania foliata sp. n. (Acari: Heterostigmata: Dolichocybidae), phoretic on dung beetle Scarabaeus typhon Fischer-Waldheim (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) from southwest Russia, is described. The updated key to the species of the genus Pavania is provided.
NEW RECORDS OF PREDATORY MITES OF THE GENUS STIGMAEUS (ACARI: PROSTIGMATA: STIGMAEIDAE) FROM WESTERN SIBERIA WITH THE REDESCRIPTIONS OF S. DIGNUS KUZNETSOV AND S. UZUNOLUKENSIS ÖZÇELIK AND DOĞAN
Authors: Khaustov Alexander A.
Published: December 2020

During a study of predatory mites of Western Siberia, I have recorded the following six species of the genus Stigmaeus (Acari: Stigmaeidae): S. dingus Kuznetsov; S. uzunolukensis Özçelik and Doğan; S. harsitensis Doğan, Doğan and Erman; S. fimus Doğan, Doğan and Erman; S. corticeus Kuznetsov; and S. pilatus Kuznetsov. These species were recorded for the first time from Asian Russia. Moreover, three of the six species—S. uzunolukensis, S. harsitensis and S. fimus—have been recorded for the first time from Russia as well. This article redescribes females of S. dingus and S. uzunolukensis based on materials from Western Siberia. Also, a S. uzunolukensis male is described for the first time.
Correlation of imaging data and intraoperative data of vascular abnormalities during kidney transplantation
Authors: O. Elidrissi , Y. Fadil, , Y. Ghannam, , M. Dakir , , A. Debbagh, , R. Aboutaieb
Published: December 2020

Renal transplantation from a living related donor represents an alternative for patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease. This requires a precise preoperative assessment of the donor in order to determine the side of the kidney to be removed according to the anatomical conditions, in particular the renal vascularization.
À procura de Moçambique no Museu Nacional de Etnologia, Portugal
Authors: Sarmento João , Martins Moisés de Lemos
Published: December 2020

Em 1965, o Museu de Etnologia do Ultramar – hoje Museu Nacional de Etnologia – foi inaugurado em Lisboa. A sua criação resultou em muito da atividade do antropólogo Jorge Dias e da sua equipa de colaboradores, mais concretamente de uma campanha a Moçambique, desenvolvida no seio da Missão de Estudos das Minorias Étnicas do Ultramar (1958-1961). Este artigo procura entender a relação entre a presença e a invisibilidade de Moçambique no Museu Nacional de Etnologia, através do espólio atual do museu, das exposições temporárias relacionadas com Moçambique que foram realizadas ao longo do tempo, e da exposição permanente atual. Contextualiza-se o aparecimento do Museu de Etnologia do Ultramar e os moldes em que foi criado; analisa-se a sua evolução, através de uma análise panorâmica do conjunto de exposições que incluíram objetos de Moçambique e que foram sendo organizadas nos mais de 50 anos da sua existência; e estuda-se a exposição permanente “O Museu, muitas coisas”, em exibição desde 2013. Conclui-se que Moçambique ocupa um lugar de destaque no Museu Nacional de Etnologia, quer pelas suas coleções e materiais documentais, quer pelas diversas exposições organizadas pelo museu ao longo da sua história. No entanto, está praticamente ausente da sua exposição permanente, sendo que a interpretação dos poucos objetos de Moçambique em exposição, necessita de uma revisão, pois está ancorada na estética dos seus objetos e não estimula qualquer tipo de pensamento crítico.
Vaginal Microbiota during Estrous Cycle and its Plausible Association with Certain Hematological Parameters in Bubalus bubalis
Authors: Mahesh P , Suthar VS , Patil DB , Joshi Madhavi , Bagatharia SB , Joshi CG
Published: December 2020

The study on the dynamics of vaginal microbiota during the estrous cycle and its plausible association with certain hematological parameters in Bubalus bubalis was conducted on nine buffalo heifers at a private dairy farm. Out of nine, eight heifers responded to the synchronization protocol and included in the experiment. Blood collection using vacutainers and vaginal flushing using sterile normal saline with a syringe and AI sheath was carried out on ‘0’ (estrus), 4th (metestrus), 9th (diestrus) and 19th day (proestrus) of the synchronized estrous cycle. The collected vaginal samples were lyophilized, DNA isolated using Qiagen stool kit, and amplified with fusion primer for Bacteria (16S rRNA), Fungi (ITS 6-8), and Archaea (16S rRNA). The amplicon library constructed was sequenced through Ion PGM machine and annotation was carried out through MG-RAST with rRNA database SILVA ssu with 98% identity. The results revealed four major domains - Bacteria (93.8%), Eukaryota (5.7%), Archaea (0.006%), and Unclassified sequences (0.41%). A total of 2196 bacterial species, 17 fungal species, and two archaeal species were detected confirming the richest diversity of vaginal microflora in buffalo heifers. The highly abundant domain-bacteria contained 18 bacterial phyla and were grouped into four high (>5%), six moderate (0.1-5%), and eight less abundant groups (0-0.1%). The results of hematological parameters were within the normal range. There was no impact of four stages of the estrous cycle on hematological parameters studied and no associations of bacterial phyla with them. Out of a total of 588 bacterial genera, only 14 showed a negative association, while four genera showed a positive association with blood monocytes. Similarly, only Moraxella, Microcoleus, Thiomonas showed negative associations with WBC, lymphocyte, and granulocyte, and Weissella genus showed a negative association with lymphocyte. No association was observed between types of white blood cells and fungus or archaea. These results of association of vaginal microflora with hematological parameters may be of unknown reasons and suggest further investigations.
Electrolytes Profile of Estrual Mucus of Gir Cows with Reference to Body Condition Score and Fertility
Authors: Gohel MM , Kavani Fulabhai S , Dhami Arjun J , Hadiya Kamlesh K
Published: December 2020

Fifty Gir cows of different reproductive status (10 = normal cyclic, 20 = repeat breeders and 20=induced estrus) were selected to determine the association of electrolytes mainly the macro-minerals profile of their estrual cervico-vaginal mucus (CVM) to their body condition score (BCS) and fertility post-AI. The overall pooled mean concentrations of calcium, inorganic phosphorus, magnesium, sodium and potassium obtained in CVM of Gir cows were 14.27 ± 0.33 mg/dL, 1.87 ± 0.13 mg/dL, 4.24 ± 0.10 mEq/L, 159.85 ± 5.52 mEq/L and 29.50 ± 0.78 mEq/L, respectively. The repeat breeding cows had significantly (p less than 0.01) higher calcium and lower inorganic phosphorus, sodium and potassium in their CVM than the normal cyclic and/or induced estrus cows. Similarly, the conceived cows, overall and of repeater group, had significantly (p less than 0.05) lower calcium and higher phosphorus, sodium and potassium than the non-conceived cows. However, no such variation was found in the magnesium content of CVM of these groups. Further, the levels of calcium in CVM showed an increasing trend, while other elements showed a decreasing trend with an increase in BCS from 2.5 to 3.5 (on 0-5 point scale) in all three categories of animals, but the differences were not significant for BCS within the group/category. It was thus inferred that significantly increased or widened Ca:P ratio and absolute lower levels of sodium and potassium in CVM could be responsible for conception failure and repeat breeding in dairy cows.
Deep Neural Network for Reducing the Screening Workload in Systematic Reviews for Clinical Guidelines: Algorithm Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Yamada Tomohide , Yoneoka Daisuke , Hiraike Yuta , Hino Kimihiro , Toyoshiba Hiroyoshi , Shishido Akira , Noma Hisashi , Shojima Nobuhiro , Yamauchi Toshimasa
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

Performing systematic reviews is a time-consuming and resource-intensive process.

OBJECTIVE

We investigated whether a machine learning system could perform systematic reviews more efficiently.

METHODS

All systematic reviews and meta-analyses of interventional randomized controlled trials cited in recent clinical guidelines from the American Diabetes Association, American College of Cardiology, American Heart Association (2 guidelines), and American Stroke Association were assessed. After reproducing the primary screening data set according to the published search strategy of each, we extracted correct articles (those actually reviewed) and incorrect articles (those not reviewed) from the data set. These 2 sets of articles were used to train a neural network–based artificial intelligence engine (Concept Encoder, Fronteo Inc). The primary endpoint was work saved over sampling at 95% recall (WSS@95%).

RESULTS

Among 145 candidate reviews of randomized controlled trials, 8 reviews fulfilled the inclusion criteria. For these 8 reviews, the machine learning system significantly reduced the literature screening workload by at least 6-fold versus that of manual screening based on WSS@95%. When machine learning was initiated using 2 correct articles that were randomly selected by a researcher, a 10-fold reduction in workload was achieved versus that of manual screening based on the WSS@95% value, with high sensitivity for eligible studies. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve increased dramatically every time the algorithm learned a correct article.

CONCLUSIONS

Concept Encoder achieved a 10-fold reduction of the screening workload for systematic review after learning from 2 randomly selected studies on the target topic. However, few meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials were included. Concept Encoder could facilitate the acquisition of evidence for clinical guidelines.
The Quality of Instructional YouTube Videos for the Administration of Intranasal Spray: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Peters-Geven Marije M , Rollema Corine , Metting Esther I , van Roon Eric N , de Vries Tjalling W
Published: December 2020

BACKGROUND

Allergic rhinitis is a common disorder affecting both children and adults. Recommended treatment consists of intranasal corticosteroid spray administration, but only few patients administer the nasal spray in the correct technical manner. A wrong administration technique may result in side effects and affect the efficacy and adherence, thus making accurate administration instructions indispensable. Unfortunately, information about intranasal drug administration is generally not explained accurately, thereby leading to confusion among patients and inaccuracy in the self-administration of drugs.

OBJECTIVE

In this study, we analyzed instructional videos available on YouTube for the administration of nasal sprays for allergic rhinitis. Our aim was to determine if the videos provided instructions in accordance with the standardized nationwide patient protocol in the Netherlands for intranasal spray administration.

METHODS

Instructional videos for the administration of aqueous formulations of nasal spray for allergic rhinitis were found on YouTube. All videos were reviewed by 2 researchers and scored using the instructions from the Dutch standardized protocol. Correct instructions were given a score of 1, while incorrect or missing instructions were given a score of 0. The interrater reliability using Cohen ĸ was used to determine the differences in the scores between the researchers.

RESULTS

We identified 33 YouTube videos made by different health care professionals and pharmaceutical companies around the world. None of the videos displayed all the steps correctly, while 5 of the 33 (15%) videos displayed over 75% of the steps correctly. The median score of the correctly displayed steps was 11 out of 19 (range 2-17, IQR 6). The interrater reliability using Cohen ĸ was statistically significant (range 0.872-1.00, P<.001). The steps “neutral position of the head,” “breathing out through the mouth,” and “periodically cleaning with water” scored the lowest and were incorrectly displayed in 28 (85%), 28 (85%), and 30 (91%) of the 33 videos, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings of our study revealed that only few instructional videos on YouTube provided correct instructions for the administration of nasal sprays to patients. The inaccuracy of the instructions for nasal spray administration in the majority of the videos may lead to confusion in patients and incorrect use of nasal sprays. In the future, it is important to make evidence-based instructional videos that show patients the correct technique of nasal spray administration.

CLINICALTRIAL

Not applicable
Evaluasi Tepung Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) yang dihidrolisis Cairan Rumen Domba sebagai Bahan Baku Pakan Ikan Lele (Clarias sp.)
Authors: Putra Achmad Noerkhaerin , Maula Irhas Malik , Aryati Aryati , Syamsunarno Mas Bayu , Mustahal Mustahal
Published: December 2020

Serat kasar tinggi yang terkandung dalam tepung daun kelor (TDK) menjadi penghambat penggunaan TDK sebagai bahan baku pakan ikan lele. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penggunaan TDK yang dihidrolisis dengan cairan rumen domba untuk pakan ikan lele. Uji hidrolisis pada TDK dengan menggunakan 4 dosis cairan rumen yaitu 0, 100, 125, 175 mL/kg dan lama inkubasi selama 0, 12, 24 jam, dilakukan untuk memperoleh dosis dan waktu inkubasi terbaik untuk menurunkan nilai serat kasar dalam TDK. Penelitian terdiri dari tiga pelakuan dan tiga kali ulangan, yaitu pakan referensi/acuan, pakan uji TDK tanpa hidrolis cairan rumen, dan pakan uji TDK dengan hidrolisis cairan rumen. Ikan lele dengan bobot sebesar 5,05±0,005 g dipelihara selama 45 hari dengan padat tebar 15 ekor/wadah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis rumen 175 mL/kg dengan lama inkubasi 12 jam menghasilkan nilai serat kasar terkecil (4,33%). Pakan uji TDK dengan hidrolisis cairan rumen menghasilkan nilai kecernaan bahan baku tiga kali lipat lebih besar (50,19%) dibandingkan dengan pakan uji tanpa hidrolisis (16,90%). TDK yang dihidrolisis cairan rumen domba dapat digunakan sebagai bahan baku pakan ikan lele karena meningkatkan kecernaan nutrien, rasio konversi pakan dan pertumbuhan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pakan uji TDK tanpa hidrolisis pada pemeliharaan ikan lele.
The influence of wave processes on the reinforcement of the base plate of a ballast-free railway track
Authors: Illarionova Lilia A. , Loktev Alexey A.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Since nowadays ballast-free track structures are most often used in combination with continuous welded track solutions for organizing a rail string, it should be emphasized that stresses arising in the rail string affect the stress-strain state of the entire construction of the track superstructure; therefore, it is necessary to monitor the current state of the continuous welded track. Nevertheless, kinks are formed and assembled rails and sleepers lose stability during the operational period of a continuous welded track, and methods are needed to determine the pre-failure conditions related to the temperature range of operation of a continuous track. Materials and methods. In this study, we propose a model of a flat structure made of a material having anisotropic properties, which makes it possible to take account of initiation and propagation of wave processes under the action of an external dynamic load. Results. The considered methods of simulating the propagation of elastic waves in a plate will make it possible to identify the points where direct and reflected waves of various orders converge; these waves can both increase and reduce the overall intensity of wave processes, leading to an increase or reduction in stresses and deformations in the characteristic points of a structure. Conclusions. The proposed solutions are most relevant for the structural elements of transport infrastructure facilities, since they are the ones that are exposed to alternating dynamic loads having varying intensity and time distribution of characteristic values.
Identification of the actual excess excavation ratio (Stakhanovskaya street – Nizhegorodskaya street site)
Authors: Ter-Martirosyan Armen Z. , Isaev Ilya O. , Almakaeva Anastasia S.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Redundant strain arises in buildings and structures in areas of construction work influence caused by the deep bore tunneling performed by tunnel boring machines. The strain analysis must include an excess excavation ratio that depends on the structural features of the shield, the technology of grouting mixture injection outside the lining, the counterweight pressure applied to the shield face and geotechnical conditions so that excessive settlement could be taken account of. The purpose of the article is to identify actual values of the excess excavation ratio to raise excavation and determine the values of standard averaged excess excavation to be further applied in design.

Materials and methods. This paper focuses on tunnel driving between “Stakhanovskaya Street” and “Nizhegorodskaya Street” stations. The project excess excavation ratio was applied pursuant to the regulatory documents in order to perform the analysis using PLAXIS 2D and PLAXIS 3D software packages. The method of sequential iteration was applied to identify the value of excess excavation in line with the actual settlement of buildings and structures obtained by means of monitoring.

Results. The analysis has shown that the actual excess excavation ratio varies between 0.1 and 1.2 % for this construction site which is below the values required by the regulatory documents. As for the 3D setting, the values of actual excess excavation ratios are 2 to 4 times higher than those obtained for the 2D setting, although the value of the actual building settlement remains the same.

Conclusions. Since the actual building settlement is smaller than the projected one, the cost of deep bored tunneling can be reduced by cutting the cost of protection of nearby buildings and structures within the area of tunneling influence without violating any safety requirements and also by reducing the number of buildings withing the projected area of influence, and respectively, by reducing the cost of geodetic monitoring over their displacements.
Substantiation of projected costs of investment and construction projects
Authors: Zhuravlev Pavel A. , Marukyan Artur M.
Published: December 2020

Introduction. Investment value assessment, investment decision making, and successful implementation of investment and construction projects at all stages of their life cycles depend on high-quality feasibility studies focused on budget investments. The purpose of the work is to substantiate budget investments (calculation of the estimated (marginal) cost) by means of modeling and ensuring the compliance between the cost of similar types of work at other construction facilities and requested capacity values or types of work specified in design assignments or preliminary project documentation packages.

Materials and methods. The co-authors analyzed the technical requirements and conditions affecting pre-project solutions (engineering studies), as well as the feasibility and expediency of the project implementation. The calculation of projected (marginal) project costs performed to substantiate budget investments in accordance with established administrative/territorial, organizational, technical and technological pre-design solutions and alternative engineering options, is implemented by means of modeling the costs to be incurred and assignments fulfilled at a similar construction facility.

Results. Budget investments are substantiated by the analysis of the estimated (marginal) cost, performed on the basis of cost parameters and types of works performed at a similar construction facility and with regard for the features and requirements set in the design assignment and pre-project documentation.

Conclusions. The significance of the research project consists in the practical application of the process of modeling the cost of similar construction facilities in the course of compiling a package of documents to substantiate the investments to be made, assess the investment value and make a contribution to investment decision making.
El giro a la derecha de la política Suramericana y sus implicaciones en la integración económica regional
Authors: Burgos Flórez Marco Antonio
Published: December 2020

El giro dado por Argentina y Brasil hacía gobiernos de derecha, establecen un nuevo escenario para la integración regional, en donde el cambio por una economía más liberal, con perfiles más hegemónicos y menos críticas a la integración regional más profunda y en ámbitos de ampliación del comercio a contextos continentales, le genera un nuevo espacio a profundizar las relaciones con las economías que giran en ámbitos de relaciones hegemónicas y que han tenido un marcado regionalismo abierto como Colombia, México, Chile y Perú.

La crisis del socialismo del Siglo XXI, pone de relieve la pérdida de los espacios para los argumentos anti hegemónicos y las críticas a las relaciones extra latinoamericanas, lo cual aunado a las políticas revisionistas del gobierno norteamericano, generan como lo han manifestado la Comisión Económica para América Latina CEPAL, el Banco Interamericano de desarrollo BID y otros analistas, un nuevo escenario para avanzar en la integración regional, en apoyo a un regionalismo abierto.
Diásporas de africanía y pensamiento originario sia en el biopacífico planetario
Authors: Castillo Alejandro
Published: December 2020

En la costa pacífica nariñense conviven ancestralmente comunidades afrodescendientes, las comunidades indígenas Awa y Eperara Sapiadara y nuevos grupos poblaciones que dinamizan una relación conflictiva permeada por los saberes propios de las comunidades étnicas y los discursos occidentales de desarrollo del Estado y de las empresas privadas con fines económicos. Desde un enfoque decolonizador, se problematizan las consecuencias de los discursos del desarrollo occidental planteando que las lógicas del extractivismo de la tierra ha producido extractivismo del saber de las comunidades ancestrales. Occidente ha promovidodiscursos de blancura y racionalidad sobre las comunidades étnicas que habitan el territorio.

Se propone la responsabilidad social con el buen vivir de la comunidad, la defensa del territorio y la preservación de los saberes propios es el desafío presente de la etnoeducación. Ante una nación que aún se sigue construyendo, el empoderamiento de las comunidades étnicas implica una autodeterminación de los pueblos que irrumpe en occidente desde sus saberes propios y sus propias formas de ser y de existir.
Hotel Building Reliability Towards Building Age
Authors: Indrawansyah Syukri , Abdullah Abdullah , Oktaviani Cut Zukhrina
Published: December 2020

Abstract: Mahara Hotel is a tourism-supporting facility and infrastructure first established in Central Aceh District in 1999. This 3-story hotel used a reinforced concrete frame structure, and as time goes by, the service capacity of the building would decrease. This condition was suspected to affect quality and user convenience. Anticipate the older age of the building, and better maintenance management is applied so that the proper building’s function can be maintained. The purpose of this study was to assess the reliability of 20 year-established hotel buildings. The method was a descriptive analysis. Data were analyzed based on the guidelines of Technical Procedures for Guidelines for Certificate of Eligibility for Functions (SLF) of Buildings Regulation of  Minister of Public Works No. 25/PRT/M/2007. Based on the results, the reliability value of the Mahara Hotel building was unreliable (66.75 %), less than the SLF guidelines (at least 75 %). Some components that caused a low level of reliability to include utility and fire protection components (20.34 %) and accessibility components (3.11 %). The effective and efficient component in increasing the reliability of the building was the utility and fire protection components by not requiring major demolition.Abstrak: Hotel Mahara merupakan sarana dan prasarana penunjang pariwisata yang pertama kali berdiri di Kabupaten Aceh Tengah pada tahun 1999. Hotel berlantai 3 ini menggunakan struktur rangka beton bertulang dan seiring dengan berjalannya waktu, daya layan gedung akan semakin menurun. Kondisi ini ditenggarai akan mempengaruhi kualitas dan kenyamanan pengguna. Untuk mengantisipasi hal tersebut, maka semakin tua umur bangunan, seharusnya didukung dengan penerapan manajemen pemeliharaan yang baik agar kelayakan fungsi dari bangunan dapat dipertahankan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menilai keandalan bangunan hotel setelah berumur 20 tahun. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif. Data dianalisis berdasarkan panduan Teknis Tata Cara Pedoman Sertifikat Laik Fungsi (SLF) Bangunan Gedung Peraturan Menteri Pekerjaan Umum No. 25/PRT/M/2007. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, nilai keandalan bangunan gedung Hotel Mahara termasuk tidak andal yaitu sebesar 66.75 %, kurang dari yang dipersyaratkan oleh pedoman SLF tersebut yaitu minimal 75 %. Beberapa komponen yang menyebabkan rendahnya tingkat keandalan anatara lain komponen utilitas dan proteksi kebakaran sebesar 20.34 % serta komponen aksesibilitas sebesar 3.11 %. Komponen yang efektif serta efisien dalam menaikkan tingkat keandalan bangunan gedung tersebut adalah komponen utilitas dan proteksi kebakaran dengan tidak mengharuskan pembongkaran yang besar.
Production and Characterization of Adsorbent from Oyster Shell (Crassostrea gigas) Using Physics and Chemical Activation with ZnCl2 and Its Application for Removal of Hexavalent Chromium
Authors: Handayani Lia , Thaib Azwar , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Astuti Yayuk , Darmawan Adi
Published: December 2020

Abstract: Oyster shell waste has been investigated as a raw material for making adsorbents that will be activated. Physical activation uses temperatures of 500 ºC, 600 ºC, 700 ºC, 800 ºC, 900 ºC and chemical activation uses ZnCl2 with a concentration of 1 %, 5 %, 10 % and 15 %. Based on the analysis of the characteristics that have been carried out for physically activated adsorbents, the oyster shell calcined at 800 ºC produces the best characteristics, it is a radius of 35.11 Å with a percentage of removal of 38.04 %, as well as the results of the FTIR, XRF and SEM analysis gives the best results among others. Whereas for chemically activated adsorbents, the use of activator ZnCl2 10% produces adsorbents with the best characteristics among others with a radius of 84.14 Å and removal percentage of 65.68 %, the best results for adsorbents activated using 10% ZnCl2 are also supported by analysis results given by FTIR, XRF, and SEM.Keywords: Adsorbent; BET; Cr6+; Oyster Shell Waste; XRF Abstrak: Cangkang tiram (Crassostrea gigas) telah diteliti sebagai bahan baku pembuatan adsorben yang akan diaktivasi secara fisika dan kimia. Pembuatan adsorben dengan aktivasi secara fisika menggunakan variasi suhu 500 ºC, 600 ºC, 700 ºC, 800 ºC dan 900 ºC. sedangkan aktivasi kimia yaitu menggunakan aktivator ZnCl2 menggunakan variasi konsentrasi 1 %, 5 %, 10% dan 15 %. Berdasarkan analisa karakteristik yang telah dilakukan untuk adsorben-adsorben yang telah diaktivasi secara fisika, cangkang tiram yang di kalsinasi pada suhu 800ºC menghasilkan karakteristik yang paling baik, yaitu radius pori-pori 35,11 Å dengan persentase penyisihan sebesar 38,04 %, begitu pula dengan hasil analisa FTIR, XRF dan SEM memberikan hasil terbaik diantara yang lain. sedangkan untuk adsorben-adsorben yang diaktivasi secara kimia, penggunaan aktivator ZnCl2 10% menghasilkan adsorben dengan karakteristik yang paling baik diantara lainnya dengan radius pori-pori 84,14 Å dan persentase penyisihan sebesar 65,68%, hasil terbaik untuk adsorben yang diaktivasi menggunakan ZnCl2 10 % juga didukung oleh hasil analisa dari FTIR, XRF dan SEM.
Professional plans of the university graduates (on the example of socioeconomic professions)
Authors:   the Far-Eastern branch of the Russian State University of Justice, Cherevko M. A.
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to the questions related to the study of professional development of the university graduates and analysis of the features of professional self-identification, taking into account specifics of the profession being acquired. The study conducted among the graduates of universities in the city of Khabarovsk (future specialists in the socioeconomic professions) took place in the context of pandemic (COVID-19), during a period of increased public and state attention to representatives of such professions as the social work specialists, medical and pedagogical workers. The article illustrates empirical results describing the professional plans of respondents through the eyes of the graduates themselves in the next 5 years (graduates of the Far-Eastern state medical university, the Far-Eastern state university of physical culture). The obtained data actualize the need to pay special attention to the social programs of regional level aimed at consolidating and professional development of specialists in the helping professions.