bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Керування потужністю з’єднань D2D у мережі 5G
Authors: Piltyay Stepan
Published: September 2021

Проаналізовано алгоритм управління розподіленою потужністю, застосований у сценаріях комунікації D2D, що спирається на вимірюваннях втрат на повільному масштабі, а не вимагає повного стану каналу. Запропонована робота схеми виконує близьку до оптимальної з точки зору необхідної сумарної потужності.
Сучасні поляризаційні пристрої
Authors: Piltyay Stepan
Published: September 2021

Для збільшення інформаційної ємності у сучасних телекомунікаційних системах використовують антенні системи із поляризаційною обробкою сигналів [1]. Базовими елементами таких систем є поляризаційні пристрої. Завдяки їх використанню можна зменшити інформаційну ємність таких пристроїв у декілька разів. Для зменшення інтерференційних завад використовують сигнали із круговою поляризацією. Тип поляризації електромагнітної хвилі має вплив на її поширення радіоканалом. Ці системи дають можливість передавати та приймати одночасно сигнали із різними типами поляризацій. Оскільки характеристики поляризаторів суттєво впливають на роботу всієї системи, то їх розробка та оптимізація є актуальною задачею. Основними характеристиками поляризаторів є фазова, узгоджувальна та поляризаційна. Найкращі характеристики мають поляризатори із більшою кількістю реактивних елементів із вужчою смугою частот. Таким чином, при проектуванні поляризаційних пристроїв необхідно визначати компроміс між його основними характеристиками та габаритними розмірами у робочі смузі частот.
Поляризатори на основі квадратних хвилеводів із діафрагмами
Authors: Piltyay Stepan
Published: September 2021

Поляризатори на основі квадратних хвилеводів із діафрагмами забезпечують якісні електромагнітні характеристики у широких робочих діапазонах частот і можуть бути виготовлені за допомогою високоточного фрезування. Отже, вони є найефективнішими для застосування в сучасних супутникових інформаційних системах різного призначення.
Stage 1 Registered Report: The influence of journal submission guidelines on authors’ reporting of statistics and use of open research practices: five years later
Authors: Boedker Ingrid , Giofrè David , Cumming Geoff , Tressoldi Patrizio
Published: September 2021

Changes in statistical practices and reporting have been documented by Giofrè et al. (2017), who investigated ten statistical and open practices in two high ranking journals (Psychological Science [PS] and Journal of Experimental Psychology-General [JEPG]): These included null hypothesis significance testing; confidence or credible intervals; meta-analysis of the results of multiple experiments; confidence intervals interpretation; effect size interpretation; sample size determination; sample size stopping rule; data availability; materials availability; and preregistered design and analysis plan.The investigation was based on an analysis of all papers published in these journals between 2013 and 2015.The aim of the present study is to follow up changes in both PS and JEPG in subsequent years, from 2016 to 2020, adding code availability as further open practice.
Ulyssean Self-Control: Pre-commitment is effective, but choosing it freely requires good self-control
Authors: Sjåstad Hallgeir , Ekström Mathias
Published: September 2021

Can pre-commitment strategies benefit people with self-control problems, or does it mainly help those who are already successful at regulating their behavior? In Experiment 1 (N=1,012), pre-commitment led to better effort performance and higher earnings in an incentivized matrix-solving task. However, in Experiment 2 (N=1,010) participants with low (vs. high) self-control as a general trait were 35 percentage points less likely to choose the pre-commitment strategy, which in turn was associated with worse performance and lower earnings for these participants. Information about the effectiveness of pre-commitment led to a small increase in uptake, whereas a “paternalistic” policy condition with forced pre-commitment led to superior performance. Pre-commitment is often seen as a solution to self-control problems, and we provide causal evidence for its effectiveness. However, the current results also suggest that offering optional pre-commitment may exacerbate inequalities as it mostly benefits those who are already doing well: Individuals with good self-control.
Dual pathway model of conspiracy beliefs: Interactions between epistemic and socio-existential needs and resources
Authors: van Mulukom Valerie
Published: September 2021

Conspiracy beliefs are epistemically suspect beliefs that can have detrimental consequences. Despite its importance, conspiracy belief research currently lacks a unified, comprehensive framework. Here we explain conspiracy beliefs through separate but highly interconnected clusters of low levels of epistemic resources (comprehensive, accessible information) combined with high levels of epistemic need (a context of uncertainty) and low levels of socio-existential resources (trust) combined with high levels of socio-existential needs (a context of perceived threat). Taking COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs as a case study, we demonstrate that the dual pathway model is able to efficaciously explain the antecedents and consequences of these beliefs. We encourage future conspiracy research to take both the epistemic and socio-existential pathways into account, as well as their interactions.
Demographic Change and Private Savings in India
Authors: Jain Neha , Goli Srinivas
Published: September 2021

India is on the edge of a demographic revolution with a rapidly rising working-age population. For the first time in this study, we investigate the role of the rising working-age population on per capita small savings in post offices and banks net of socio-economic characteristics using state-level panel data compiled from multiple sources for the period 2001-2018. Our comprehensive econometric assessment with multiple robustness checks provide three key findings: (1) Per capita private savings is increasing because of India’s growing working-age population, thus the ‘economic life cycle hypothesis’ is supported. (2) The demographic factors contribute around one-fourth of the per capita private savings inequality across Indian states. (3) The demographic window of economic opportunity for India can yield maximum benefits in terms of private savings when accompanied by favourable socio-economic policies on education, health, gender equity, and economic growth.
Demographic Change and Economic Growth in India
Authors: Jain Neha , Goli Srinivas
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we assess the economic benefits of demographic changes in India by employing econometric models and robustness checks based on panel data gathered over a period of more than three decades. Our analysis highlights four key points. First, the contribution of India’s demographic dividend is estimated to be around 1.9 percentage points out of 12% average annual growth rate in per capita income during 1981–2015. Second, India’s demographic window of opportunity began in 2005, significantly improved after 2011, and will continue till 2061. Third, our empirical analysis supports the argument that the realisation of the demographic dividend is conditional on a conducive policy environment with enabling aspects such as quality education, good healthcare, decent employment opportunities, good infrastructure, and gender empowerment. Fourth, the working-age population in India contributes around one-fourth of the inequality in per capita income across states. Thus, to reap the maximum dividends from the available demographic window of opportunity, India needs to work towards enhancing the quality of education and healthcare in addition to providing good infrastructure, gender empowerment, and decent employment opportunities for the growing working-age population.
The Effect of Treatment Facility, Race, and Chemoradiation on Survival for Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma of the Esophagus: An Analysis of the National Cancer Database
Authors: Gootee Jonathan , Gootee Jonathan , Willman Claire , Aurit Sarah , Silberstein Peter
Published: September 2021

Background: Signet ring cell carcinoma of the esophagus (SRCCE) is an aggressive tumor that represents
approximately 3.5-5.0% of all esophageal cancers. Prior studies have shown a strong correlation between
treating facility and survival for different cancers, but this has not been studied in SRCCE. The goal of this
study is to assess differences in survival based on the type of treatment facility.
Methods: There were 2,021 patients with SRCCE identified using the histology 8490 and topography codes
C15.0-C15.9 in the National Cancer Database (NCDB). Descriptive analysis, Kaplan-Meier curves, and a
multivariable Cox hazard regression analysis were all utilized to determine the significance of treatment
facility type and other variables.
Results: The cohort mostly received treatment at academic centers (47.7%). As age increased, mortality
also increased (HR=1.01; 95% CI:1.01-1.02, p<0.001). Africans Americans (HR=1.44; 95% CI:1.02-2.02,
p=0.036) had an increased risk of mortality when compared to Non-Hispanic Caucasians. Patients at
academic facilities demonstrated a decreased risk of mortality when compared to community programmes
(HR=0.73; 95% CI:0.64-0.84, p<0.001) and integrated cancer programmes (HR=0.69; 95% CI:0.58-0.83,
p=0.008). Neoadjuvant chemoradiation resulted decreased mortality when compared to adjuvant
chemoradiation (HR=1.41; 95% CI:1.21-1.63, p<0.001) and no chemoradiation (HR=1.84; 95% CI:1.58-
2.14, p<0.001).
Conclusion: For patients diagnosed with SRCCE, receiving treatment at academic centers resulted in better
survival probabilities compared to nonacademic facilities. Older patients, African Americans, increasing
tumor stage, no and adjuvant chemoradiation, and comorbidities with Charlson-Deyo scores of 1 and 2+
were all associated with an increased risk of mortality from SRCCE.
Biofeedback As an Example of Modern Exercise Method Used in Cardiac Rehabilitation
Authors: Kopanska Marta , Woloszyn Filip , Mazur Krystian , Mielniczuk Mateusz , Kopanska Marta
Published: September 2021

Biofeedback is defined as providing feedback about changes in the patient’s physiological state, by means
of stimuli other than those used by the body, usually with the use of technology. This article presents an
analysis based on the surveys regarding the awareness of Polish society about biological feedback and its
effectiveness in the rehabilitation of patients with cardiac problems. The study was conducted to justify the
use in the therapy on people with cardiac problems. The analysis of the patients results after cardiovascular
diseases was carried out during the cardiac rehabilitation in which the biofeedback was used.
A Case of Diffuse Multicentric Metachronous Astrocytoma of Temporoinsular and Intramedullary Location
Authors: Torres Jorge Linares , Torres Jorge Linares , Ibanez Botella Guillermo , Selfa Rodriguez Antonio , Cerro Larrazabal Laura , Casado Ruiz Julia , Arraez Sanchez Miguel Angel
Published: September 2021

Multiple gliomas are rare glial tumors with a histology that is typically consistent with high-grade gliomas. A distinction is made between multifocal and multicentric gliomas according to criteria of anatomical continuity, as well as between synchronous and metachronous gliomas according to chronological time of onset. We present the case of a professional saxophonist with a left temporoinsular lesion who underwent awake craniotomy with monitoring of verbal and musical ability as well as primary sensory and motor cortices. Histopathological study revealed an isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH)-mutant diffuse astrocytoma. After 4 years of complete oncological remission, the patient developed impaired proprioception in all four extremities. An intramedullary lesion was detected at the level of C4 consistent with an IDH wild-type diffuse astrocytoma. We highlight the singularity of this case as it involved two low-grade glial lesions, separated in time (metachronous) and location (multicentric), as well as genetic differences between both lesions (IDH mutant and wild type).
A Systematic Inquiry of Media Efficacy in Pakistan with Respect to Government Accountability
Authors: Ullah Ahsan , Ali Shah Azmat
Published: September 2021

This research article was intended for finding the role of media in fostering government accountability in Pakistan. Furthermore, the mediating role of political parties was also checked through mediation analysis. This study utilized the information brought together through a structured adapted questionnaire among the participants of this study chosen through probability sampling technique from the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. It was revealed that through the analysis of the primary data that there is a considerable association found between media and government accountability. Furthermore, it was also proved that the media could significantly predict accountability. The data also revealed that people believed that political parties have a significant mediating role between media and government accountability. This study concluded that the media revolution in the advent of new kinds of media, conventional and non-conventional, has also had a profound impact on government accountability.
Teaching quality in neurosurgery: quantitating outcomes over time
Authors: Yong Raymund L. , Cheung William , Shrivastava Raj K. , Bederson Joshua B.
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE

High-quality neurosurgery resident training is essential to developing competent neurosurgeons. Validated formative tools to assess faculty teaching performance exist, but are not used widely among Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) residency programs in the United States. Furthermore, their longer-term impact on teaching performance improvement and educational outcomes remains unclear. The goal of this study was to assess the impact of implementing an evaluation system to provide faculty with feedback on teaching performance in a neurosurgery residency training program over a 4-year period.

METHODS

The authors performed a prospective cohort study in which a modified version of the System for Evaluation of Teaching Qualities (SETQ) instrument was administered to neurosurgical trainees in their department regularly every 6 months. The authors analyzed subscale score dynamics to identify the strongest correlates of faculty teaching performance improvement. ACGME program survey results and trainee performance on written board examinations were compared for the 3 years before and after SETQ implementation.

RESULTS

The overall response rate among trainees was 91.8%, with 1044 surveys completed for 41 faculty. Performance scores improved progressively from cycle 1 to cycle 6. The strongest correlate of overall performance was providing positive feedback to trainees. Compared to the 3 years prior, the 3 years following SETQ implementation saw significant increases in written board examination and ACGME resident survey scores compared to the national mean.

CONCLUSIONS

Implementation of SETQ was associated with significant improvements in faculty teaching performance as judged by trainees over a 4-year period, and guided curricular changes in the authors’ training program that resulted in improved educational outcomes.
Stereotactic radiosurgery for secretory pituitary adenomas: systematic review and International Stereotactic Radiosurgery Society practice recommendations
Authors: Mathieu David , Kotecha Rupesh , Sahgal Arjun , De Salles Antonio , Fariselli Laura , Pollock Bruce E. , Levivier Marc , Ma Lijun , Paddick Ian , Regis Jean , Yomo Shoji , Suh John H. , Rubens Muni , Sheehan Jason P.
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE

A systematic review was performed to provide objective evidence on the use of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in the management of secretory pituitary adenomas and develop consensus recommendations.

METHODS

The authors performed a systematic review of the English-language literature up until June 2018 using the PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed (Medline), Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched. A total of 45 articles reporting single-institution outcomes of SRS for acromegaly, Cushing’s disease, and prolactinomas were selected and included in the analysis.

RESULTS

For acromegaly, random effects meta-analysis estimates for crude tumor control rate, crude endocrine remission rate, and any new hypopituitarism rates were 97.0% (95% CI 96.0%–98.0%), 44.0% (95% CI 35.0%–53.0%), and 17.0% (95% CI 13.0%–23.0%), respectively. For Cushing’s disease, random effects estimates for crude tumor control rate, crude endocrine remission rate, and any new hypopituitarism rate were 92.0% (95% CI 87.0%–95.0%), 48.0% (95% CI 35.0%–61.0%), and 21.0% (95% CI 13.0%–31.0%), respectively. For prolactinomas, random effects estimates for crude tumor control rate, crude endocrine remission rate, and any new hypopituitarism rate were 93.0% (95% CI 90.0%–95.0%), 28.0% (95% CI 19.0%–39.0%), and 12.0% (95% CI 6.0%–24.0%), respectively. Meta-regression analysis did not show a statistically significant association between mean margin dose with crude endocrine remission rate or mean margin dose with development of any new hypopituitarism rate for any of the secretory subtypes.

CONCLUSIONS

SRS offers effective tumor control of hormone-producing pituitary adenomas in the majority of patients but a lower rate of endocrine improvement or remission.
Depth of vertebral screw insertion using a cortical bone trajectory technique in lumbar spinal fusion: radiological significance of a long cortical bone trajectory
Authors: Matsukawa Keitaro , Yanai Yoshihide , Fujiyoshi Kanehiro , Kato Takashi , Yato Yoshiyuki
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE

Contrary to original cortical bone trajectory (CBT), “long CBT” directed more anteriorly in the vertebral body has recently been recommended because of improved screw fixation and load sharing within the vertebra. However, to the authors’ knowledge there has been no report on the clinical significance of the screw length and screw insertion depth used with the long CBT technique. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of the screw insertion depth in the vertebra on lumbar spinal fusion using the CBT technique.

METHODS

A total of 101 consecutive patients with L4 degenerative spondylolisthesis who underwent single-level posterior lumbar interbody fusion at L4–5 using the CBT technique were included (mean follow-up 32.9 months). Screw loosening and bone fusion were radiologically assessed to clarify the factors contributing to these outcomes. Investigated factors were as follows: 1) age, 2) sex, 3) body mass index, 4) bone mineral density, 5) intervertebral mobility, 6) screw diameter, 7) screw length, 8) depth of the screw in the vertebral body (%depth), 9) facetectomy, 10) crosslink connector, and 11) cage material.

RESULTS

The incidence of screw loosening was 3.1% and bone fusion was achieved in 91.7% of patients. There was no significant factor affecting screw loosening. The %depth in the group with bone fusion [fusion (+)] was significantly higher than that in the group without bone fusion [fusion (−)] (50.3% ± 8.2% vs 37.0% ± 9.5%, respectively; p = 0.001), and multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that %depth was a significant independent predictor of bone fusion. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identified %depth > 39.2% as a predictor of bone fusion (sensitivity 90.9%, specificity 75.0%).

CONCLUSIONS

This study is, to the authors’ knowledge, the first to investigate the significance of the screw insertion depth using the CBT technique. The cutoff value of the screw insertion depth in the vertebral body for achieving bone fusion was 39.2%.
External ventricular drainage for posthemorrhagic ventricular dilatation in preterm infants: insights on efficacy and failure
Authors: De Angelis Laura C. , Parodi Alessandro , Sebastiani Marianna , Consales Alessandro , Ravegnani Giuseppe M , Severino Mariasavina , Tortora Domenico , Rossi Andrea , Malova Mariya , Minghetti Diego , Cama Armando , Piatelli Gianluca , Ramenghi Luca A
Published: September 2021

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to describe the clinical and neuroradiological characteristics of a cohort of preterm infants who had undergone external ventricular drain insertion as a temporary measure to treat posthemorrhagic ventricular dilatation. In addition, the authors investigated the factors predicting permanent shunt dependency.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively reviewed the medical records of a cohort of preterm infants who had undergone external ventricular drain insertion at Gaslini Children’s Hospital (Genoa, Italy) between March 2012 and February 2018. They also analyzed clinical characteristics and magnetic resonance imaging data, including diffusion- and susceptibility-weighted imaging studies, which were obtained before both catheter insertion and removal.

RESULTS

Twenty-eight infants were included in the study. The mean gestational age was 28.2 ± 2.7 weeks, and the mean birth weight was 1209 ± 476 g. A permanent ventriculoperitoneal shunt was inserted in 15/28 (53.6%) infants because of the failure of external ventricular drainage as a temporary treatment option. Compared with the shunt-free group, the shunt-dependent group had a significantly lower gestational age (29.3 ± 2.3 vs 27.2 ± 2.7 weeks, p = 0.035) and tended toward a lower birth weight (p = 0.056). None of the clinical and neuroradiological characteristics significantly differed between the shunt-free and shunt-dependent groups at the time of catheter insertion. As expected, ventricular parameters as well as the intraventricular extension of intracerebral hemorrhage, as assessed using the intraventricular hemorrhage score, were reportedly higher in the shunt-dependent group than in the shunt-free group before catheter removal.

CONCLUSIONS

External ventricular drainage is a reliable first-line treatment for posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus. However, predicting its efficacy as a unique treatment remains challenging. A lower gestational age is associated with a higher risk of posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus progression, suggesting that the more undeveloped the mechanisms for the clearance of blood degradation products, the greater the risk of requiring permanent cerebrospinal fluid diversion, although sophisticated MRI investigations are currently unable to corroborate this hypothesis.
DÜŞÜK TENÖRLÜ MANGAN CEVHERİNİN KURU MANYETİK AYIRMA YÖNTEMİ İLE ZENGİNLEŞTİRİLMESİNDE TANE BOYUTUNUN ETKİSİ
Authors: GÜRSOY Yaşar Hakan
Published: September 2021

Pil ve kimya sanayilerinin yanı sıra manganez cevherlerinin ana tüketim alanı olan özellikle demir-çelik sanayinde önemli bir üretim artışı söz konusudur. Bu nedenle dünyada yüksek tenörlü hammadde kaynaklarının azalmasıyla birlikte düşük tenörlü cevherlerin hammadde olarak elde edilmesi önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'deki düşük tenörlü mangan rezervlerinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla, İzmir-Karaburun bölgesinden çıkarılan mangan cevheri üzerinde rulo tip kuru manyetik ayırıcı ile sınıflandırma ve zenginleştirme deneyleri yapılmıştır. Önce öğütme (boyut küçültme) ve tasnif işlemlerinden sonra cevher -1150+850, -850+425 ve -425+150 µm olmak üzere üç farklı boyut fraksiyonuna ayrılmış, daha sonra boyutun manyetik ayırma performansına etkisi araştırılmıştır. Manyetik ayırma testleri sonucunda, %17,21 Mn içeren iri taneli fraksiyon beslemesinden %69,39 geri kazanım ve %39,42 Mn tenörlü bir konsantre elde edilmiştir. Orta boy fraksiyonda %15.15 Mn içeren cevherden %78.25 verim ve %31.30 Mn tenörlü bir konsantre elde edilirken, ince boyutta % 16.85 Mn içeren cevherden %86.97 verim ve %28.56 Mn tenörlü bir manyetik ürün elde edilmiştir. %39.42 Mn tenörlü iri taneli fraksiyonda elde edilen konsantrenin demir-çelik endüstrisi için satılabilir olduğu belirlendi. Diğer boyut aralıkları için ek konsantrasyon çalışmaları gereklidir.
Expression of nerve growth factor in the callus during fracture healing in a fracture model in aged mice
Authors: Sekiguchi Hiroyuki , Inoue Gen , Shoji Shintaro , Tazawa Ryo , Kuroda Akiyoshi , Miyagi Masayuki , Takaso Masashi , Uchida Kentaro
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Impaired fracture healing results in extensive and prolonged disability and long-term pain. Previous studies reported that nerve growth factor (NGF) was expressed during fracture healing and that anti-NGF antibody improves physical activity associate with facture pain. However, NGF expression levels in delayed or non-union are not fully understood. OBJECTIVE: We compared chronological changes in NGF in the callus of young mice after femur fracture with those in aged mice after femur fracture as a model of bone fracture in the elderly. METHODS: We used young (age 8 weeks) and aged (age 10 months) male C57BL/6J mice. A fracture was generated in the femur. At 5, 7, 10, 14, 17, and 21 days after creation of a fracture, mRNA expression levels of Col2a1, Col10a1, NGF were evaluated using quantitative PCR. We examined NGF protein expression levels and localization in the callus at day 14 using ELISA and immunohistochemistry, respectively. RESULTS: Expression of NGF in the callus after femur fracture in aged mice was significantly greater than that in young mice at days 5, 7, 10, 17, and 21 days. NGF protein levels in the callus of aged mice were also significantly higher than that in young mice. Immunohistochemical staining showed that NGF was heavily expressed in hypertrophic chondrocytes in the callus in aged mice. CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that delayed Col2a1 and Col10a1 expression reflects delayed chondrocyte formation and delayed chondrocyte maturation in aged mice and that higher NGF expression in aged mice at day 14 may be associated with the presence of remaining hypertrophic chondrocytes in callus with delaying endochondral ossification.
Rosemary and its protective potencies against COVID-19 and other cytokine storm associated infections: A molecular review
Authors: Shiravi Amirabbas , Akbari Aliakbar , Mohammadi Zahra , Khalilian Mohammad-Sadegh , Zeinalian Alireza , Zeinalian Mehrdad
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, medicinal plants have attracted great interest in treatment of human diseases. Rosemary is a well-known medicinal plant which has been widely used for different therapeutic purposes. METHODS: This is a narrative review using databases including PubMed, ISI, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, and google scholar, the most authoritative articles were searched, screened, and analyzed. RESULTS: Rosemary is a natural antioxidant which removes reactive oxygen species from tissues and increases expression on Nrf2 gene. Rosemary and its metabolites reduce inflammation by inhibiting production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, decreasing expression of NF-κB, inhibiting infiltration of immune cells to inflamed sites, and affecting gut microbiome. Besides, rosmarinic acid in rosemary extract has positive effects on renin-angiotensin-system. Rosemary affects respiratory system by reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, muscle spasm, and also through anti-fibrotic properties. Carnosic acid is able to penetrate blood-brain-barrier and act against free radicals, ischemia and neurodegeneration in brain. Cardioprotective effects include correcting lipid profile, controlling blood pressure by inhibition of ACE, prevention of atherosclerosis, and reduction of cardiac muscle hypertrophy. CONCLUSIONS: Accordingly, rosemary supplementation has potential protective effects against COVID-19 and other cytokine storm associated infections, a conclusion that needs more evaluations in the next clinical trials.
Effects of Mime Therapy With Sensory Exercises on Facial Symmetry, Strength, Functional Abilities, and the Recovery Rate in Bell's Palsy Patients
Authors:   MGM College of Physiotherapy, Navi Mumbai, Affiliated to Maharashtra University of Health Sciences MUHS Nasik, Maharashtra, India., Mishra Siddharth S , Sayed Mahvish ,   MGM College of Physiotherapy, Navi Mumbai, Affiliated to Maharashtra University of Health Sciences MUHS Nasik, Maharashtra, India.
Published: September 2021

Background and Objectives: Bell palsy is the sudden lower motor neuron paralysis of the facial nerve, characterized by acute unilateral peripheral facial muscle weakness. Physiotherapy has been proven to be beneficial in the rehabilitation of patients with Bell palsy and is important to prevent permanent contractures of the paralyzed facial muscles. A physiotherapy technique includes electrical stimulation and mime therapy to help in restoring lost muscle functions. Also, sensory exercises include varied normality solutions administered. This study aimed to find the effects of mime therapy with sensory exercises on facial symmetry and functional abilities among Bell palsy patients. Methods: A total number of 30 participants were recruited for an interventional study and conveniently assigned into three groups (n=10), where group A received electrical stimulation with facial exercises, group B received electrical stimulation with mime therapy, and group C received a combination of electrical stimulation, mime therapy, and sensory exercises. Each group received 18 sessions; each session was for 60 minutes per day, six days per week, for three weeks. Then, all the participants were assessed using the Sunnybrook facial grading system and the facial disability index. Results: Intragroup analysis showed a significant difference within all three groups (P<0.05). Besides, the intergroup comparison showed maximum recovery in group C followed by groups B and A. Conclusion: A combination of mime therapy and electrical stimulation along with sensory exercises provides the most beneficial intervention to improve facial function and reduce facial synkinesis in Bell palsy individuals. Hence, sensory exercises are recommended as an adjunct to electrical stimulation and mime therapy for the line of treatment for individuals with Bell palsy.
The Awareness and Attitude of General Dentists on Dental Implants Follow-up
Authors:   Department of Dental Prostheses, School of Dentistry, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran., Shaddel Seyyed Mehrzad , Bayat Masoud ,   Student Research Center, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran., Bayani Mojtaba ,   Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran., Nazari Vahideh ,   Department of Dental Prostheses, School of Dentistry, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
Published: September 2021

Background and Aim: Considering the increasing use of dental implants in replacing lost teeth, the odds of failure over time in this treatment are inevitable, as with other dental treatments; thus, it requires careful and regular follow-up. Accordingly, the present study aimed to evaluate the awareness and attitude of general dentists about the follow-up of the dental implants to create baseline information to schedule future workshops concerning dental implants. Methods & Materials: In this analytic cross-sectional study, 98 general dentists of Arak City, Iran were evaluated. Questionnaires were designed in 3 sections, as follows: demographic, awareness, and attitude. After checking the validity and reliability of the questionnaires, they were distributed among the research participants. The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, Chi-squared test, and Independent Samples t-tests. The significance level was considered 0.05. Ethical Considerations: This article was approved by the Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1397.283). Results: The average score of awareness of the questionnaires was equal to 10.8 (based on the score of 0-19); the mean score of attitude was measured as 12.8 (based on the score of 7-21). Fifty-Three of the explored dentists had performed implant treatment, whose awareness and attitude toward implants follow-up were significantly higher than those of the dentists who did not perform such treatment (P=0.0001). Work experience presented no significant effect on the examined dentists’ awareness and attitude (P>0.05). Conclusion: General dentists have low awareness and attitude about implant follow-up. Follow-up plays an important role in the long-term success of implant therapy; therefore, dental education/retraining programs should be reviewed in this field.
Comparing Family-related Factors, Nutritional-behavioral Habits, and Lifestyle Between Obese and Non-obese Children
Authors:   Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran., Ghandi Yazdan , Sajadei Nooshin ,   Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran., Hashemi Seyed Mojtaba ,   Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran., Farahani Javad ,   Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
Published: September 2021

Background and Aim: Considering the importance of childhood obesity and easier correction of related factors in this age group, the present study aimed to investigate the role of some factors related to family, nutrition, and lifestyle on childhood obesity. Methods & Materials: This age-matched case-control study was performed on 150 obese and 150 healthy children, aged 2-15 years referring to Amir-Kabir Hospital in Arak City, Iran. Obesity was calculated based on Body Mass Index (BMI). Required information, including family factors, nutritional factors, and lifestyle characteristics were collected by a checklist. Ethical Considerations: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1396.119). Results The results of Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% of Confidence Interval (CI) were in favor of father’s age of 25-35 and over 35 years (0.24), respectively, father’s overweight and obesity (3.87 and 3.57), mother’s overweight and obesity (3.81 and 5.5)7, more than three children per household (3.33), low and high consumption of fruits and vegetables (0.3 and 0.19), breakfast eating (0.43), dietary supplementation (2.68), consuming fast food (3.98), more than two hours of playing a computer game (3.5), chewing well (0.38), using food as a reward (1.89), as well as participating in food and table preparation (3.14). We found a dose-response association between children’s obesity and parents’ BMI, the number of children, and computer games. Conclusion: Obesity is associated with some factors related to the family, such as nutrition, computer games, and lifestyle characteristics. Due to various risk factors and adjustable safeguards, it is necessary to provide families and children with proper education to reduce obesity.
Study of Novel Separation Technique 'Pervaporation' for Separation of Acetronitrile and Tetrahydrofuran from waste Stream
Authors: Meshram Isha
Published: September 2021

Pervaporation is a very effective membrane process for the separation of liquid mixtures. Due to its economics, efficiency and simplicity, it can easily be integrated into the distillation and rectification processes and, depending on the specific operating parameters, even partially replace them. Pervaporation technology can effectively recovery acetonitrile from the waste stream and separate a tetrahydrofuran (THF) solvent-water waste stream. Pervaporation technique was used for the mixture of close boiling point and to break the azeotrope in the most economical way. The combination of Distillation columns and pervaporation unit were used for recovery of acetoniritle which was not TDS process and was economically feasible for larger stream. This technique used is economical and energy efficient for the separation.
Anzahl der Fälle von Hepatitis, die bei Arbeitsunfällen in Brasilien zwischen 2009 und 2018 erworben wurden
Authors: Almeida Naara Perdigão Cota de , Lima Júnior Idelbrando Araújo , Azevedo Lucas do Rêgo Góes , Martins Romulo Maia , Magalhães Gustavo Aurélio Linhares , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos , Araújo Maria Helena Mendonça de , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dendasck Carla Viana , Fecury Amanda Alves
Published: September 2021

Virushepatitis ist ein ernstes Problem der öffentlichen Gesundheit in der Welt und in Brasilien. Dies sind Krankheiten der Meldepflicht, die vom brasilianischen Gesundheitsministerium (MS) eingeführt wurden. Die Aufzeichnungen der betroffenen Personen sollten im Meldeinformationssystem für Krankheiten (SINAN) erstellt werden, das alle wahrscheinlichen Fälle, bestätigten und Ausbrüche melden sollte. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die Anzahl der Hepatitis-Fälle zu quantifizieren, die bei Arbeitsunfällen in Brasilien zwischen 2009 und 2018 erworben wurden. Es handelt sich um eine Studie, bei der es sich um eine retrospektive quantitative Beobachtungsanalyse der untersuchten epidemiologischen Daten handelt. In diesem Sinne wurde in den Datenbanken des nationalen Portals DATASUS (https://datasus.saude.gov.br/) recherchiert. Arbeitsunfälle leisten einen wirksamen Beitrag zu den aktuellen Inzidenzraten von Virushepatitis in Brasilien sowie zur Verringerung der Lebensqualität der Arbeitnehmer – insbesondere der Gesundheit. Inkonsistenzen zwischen epidemiologischen Daten, die in SINAN aufgezeichnet wurden, und Studien in der Literatur können das Vorhandensein einer Unzureichendberichterstattung belegen. Aufgrund der relativen Knappheit und des Widerspruchs von Studien gibt es kein gut etabliertes Profil für Kontaminationen im Gesundheitswesen, und es besteht Einbedarf für weitere Studien zu diesem Thema.
Número de casos de hepatitis adquirida en accidentes laborales en Brasil entre 2009 y 2018
Authors: Almeida Naara Perdigão Cota de , Lima Júnior Idelbrando Araújo , Azevedo Lucas do Rêgo Góes , Martins Romulo Maia , Magalhães Gustavo Aurélio Linhares , Dias Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos , Araújo Maria Helena Mendonça de , Oliveira Euzébio de , Dendasck Carla Viana , Fecury Amanda Alves
Published: September 2021

La hepatitis viral es un grave problema de salud pública en el mundo y en Brasil. Estas son enfermedades de notificación obligatoria instituidas por el Ministerio de Salud (MS) de Brasil. Los registros de las personas afectadas deben realizarse en el Sistema de Información de Enfermedades de Notificación Obligatoria (SINAN), que debe notificar todos los casos probables, confirmados y brotes. El objetivo de este trabajo es cuantificar el número de casos de hepatitis adquirida en accidentes laborales en Brasil entre 2009 y 2018. Se trata de un estudio retrospectivo observacional cuantitativo de los datos epidemiológicos investigados. En este sentido, se realizó una investigación en las bases de datos del portal nacional DATASUS (https://datasus.saude.gov.br/). Hay una contribución efectiva de los accidentes de trabajo a las tasas actuales de incidencia de hepatitis viral en Brasil, así como a la reducción de la calidad de vida de los trabajadores, especialmente los de salud. Las inconsistencias entre los datos epidemiológicos registrados en el SINAN y los estudios en la literatura pueden demostrar la presencia de subregistro. Debido a la relativa escasez y contradicción de los estudios, no existe un perfil bien establecido para la contaminación en los servicios de salud, y existe la necesidad de más estudios sobre el tema.
A dimensão educativa da enfermagem no seu processo de trabalho
Authors: Origa Valquiria Castro de Morais , Costa Elenice Alves da
Published: September 2021

A enfermagem tem agregado ao longo de seu percurso, a dimensão voltada à educação. Ela é expressa em diferentes atividades: na formação de enfermeiros, no treinamento da equipe de enfermagem e no atendimento dos usuários dos serviços de saúde. Este trabalho tem base bibliográfica e tem como objetivo o processo de trabalho em uma perspectiva educativa. Porém, há uma grande distancia entre os projetos educativos e as necessidades da população. O enfermeiro assistencial tem como função, treinar, capacitar, educar a sua equipe de trabalho e usuários dos serviços de saúde; enquanto o enfermeiro licenciado é responsável pela formação de seus alunos (tanto no ensino técnico quanto no universitário), podendo exercer atribuições assistenciais. Este trabalho também proporciona uma reflexão sobre a formação em enfermagem considerando as diretrizes curriculares, bem como relação teórica e prática no processo ensino e aprendizagem. Diante do exposto, é necessária revisão das ações educativas, levando-se em conta o ensino da enfermagem, competência profissional, existência ou não de instrumentos de avaliação, e o processo de enfermagem na condução do enfermeiro no desenvolvimento das ações educativas em todas as práticas de saúde.
Inteligência artificial: uma análise dos impactos e dos potenciais das inteligências artificiais na segurança dos estados
Authors: Sgrott André Luiz Bezerra , Gonzalez Rodrigo Milindre
Published: September 2021

O advento de tecnologias futurísticas transforma a ótica pela qual vemos o mundo e o que acontece nele. As Inteligências Artificiais surgem com um papel incerto nas Relações Internacionais, a integridade de suas capacidades e potenciais ainda estão por serem descobertas, mas em diversas tarefas elas já superam os seres humanos, provando que poderão se tornar ferramentas decisivas para o futuro dos Estados e da civilização humana. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste artigo é identificar de que forma o uso da Inteligência Artificial na função de ferramenta estatal, como ela impactará a balança de poder global e segurança dos Estados. Pesquisa foi conduzida pelo método dedutivo e qualitativo, pautado na pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Utilizando a ótica neorrealista, vemos que as nações do mundo entraram em uma corrida armamentista tecnológica focada em desenvolver sistemas de inteligência artificial que possam dar a elas séria vantagem, contra seus competidores nos setores econômicos, militar e político. Durante o decorrer da pesquisa foi possível identificar que as Inteligências Artificiais terão um grande impacto nas estruturas estatais, porém, por ser uma tecnologia em sua infância, a extensão destes impactos ainda é uma incógnita. Assim o recente aumento do interesse público por essas tecnologias traz à luz questionamentos de quais serão os seus resultados e impactos nas vidas dos cidadãos, porém, seja mais pertinente questionarmos quais serão os impactos dela nos Estados.
Women’s Empowerment: an Insight into History and the Present Day
Authors: Oksana Koshulko
Published: September 2021

The article presents the results of research concerning the empowerment of women from the 17th to 21st century in various countries, including Mexico, the U.K., the U.S.A., Ukraine and France among others. Fourteen cases of women's empowerment in their areas of activity are explored, using case studies collected from primary and secondary data. Twelve of the cases are described and explored using secondary data and two cases using primary data, collected in 2019 in Kyiv, Ukraine. The cases are encrypted as Case 1 - C_ 1 through to Case 14 - C_ 14. The article is an important insight into women's empowerment through history to the present, showing how at times women have sacrificed themselves to achieve their aims and how these sacrifices are important for women of today. However, despite the achievements throughout the centuries, women must continue their struggle to obtain full rights and freedom for all women around the world.
E Eksistensi Penganut Hindu Kaharingan Dalam Menjaga Kerukunan Umat Beragama di Kota Palangka Raya
Authors: Susi Susi
Published: September 2021

Pembinaan kerukunan umat beragama adalah alat pemersatu bangsa dalam kondisi sosial kemasyarakatan yang majemuk dan pluralis. Garis besar penduduk Kota Palangka Raya terdiri dari beraneka ragam suku, agama, ras, antar golongan hidup berdampingan pada suatu wilayah dengan rukun dan ikut menjunjung toleransi antar sesama. Pentingnya menjaga kerukunan di tengah masyarakat yang majemuk maka setiap elemen masyarakat perlu berperan aktif mengelola dan mewujudkan kondisi kehidupan yang damai, harmonis, dan selaras. 

Keberadaan penganut Hindu Kaharingan di Kota Palangka Raya salah satunya ikut ambil bagian menjaga kerukunan umat beragama di Kota Palangka Raya sebagai bentuk sikap responsif menghadapi persoalan kritis masyarakat yang majemuk. Konflik yang timbul akibat diferensiasi masyarakat tentu sewaktu-waktu bisa saja terjadi. Oleh karenanya pelaksanaan kerukunan hidup dengan mengamalkan trilogi kerukunan hidup umat beragama adalah strategi yang dilakukan demi mewujudkan rasa persatuan dan kesatuan masyarakat Kota Palangka Raya yang kian dinamis seiring perkembangan zaman.
The History and Current Development of Indigenous People Movements in Indonesia
Authors: Mubarak Ahmad Ridha , Adawiyah Rabiatul
Published: September 2021

This paper is based on an argument that discrimination against indigenous religion is a fact of the dynamics of policy interpretations. Therefore, the presence of indigenous people movements such as AMAN (Aliansi Masyarakat Adat Nusantara), offers solutions for indigenous rights' violations, and it also serves as a place for discussion on existing and possible threats upon indigenous communities. The indigenous people movements aim to establish religious freedom as a means to promote indigenous religion rights, particularly the importance of customary land. On the one hand, the state recognizes the rights of indigenous people, but, on the other hand they are prosecuted with hard conditions in realizing their rights
Strategi Komodifikasi Budaya dalam Ritual Yaa Qowiyyu pada Masyarakat Jatinom, Klaten
Authors: Laila Nur Quma , Qudsy Saifuddin Zuhri
Published: September 2021

Yaa Qowiyyu sebagai ritual agama tidak lagi bermuatan nilai agama namun juga sarat akan nilai ekonomi-politik. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana nilai ekonomi beroperasi di dalam ritual Yaa Qowiyyu dan bagaimana strategi para agensi dalam mempromosikan Yaa Qowiyyu sehingga mendatangkan nilai ekonomi. Dalam artikel ini, data primer dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi sementara data sekunder dikumpulkan melalui studi literatur dengan membaca literatur yang sesuai dengan topik penelitian. Data yang terkumpul kemudian dikategorisasikan dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik deskriptif analisis dengan menggunakan perspektif ekonomi-politik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan ritual Yaa Qowiyyu yang berdasarkan pada kebijakan pariwisata berimplikasi luas pada proses komodifikasi budaya. Komodifikasi budaya dalam ritual Yaa Qowiyyu merupakan secondary activity yang mampu menjadi penggerak perekonomian masyarakat.
Pengaruh Organisasi Pembelajaran, Dukungan Sosial, dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja Pegawai PT Bank Mandiri Cabang Bekasi
Authors: Darmanto Rochmad Fadjar , Ariyanti Anik
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui bahwa organisasi pembelajaran, dukungan sosial dan motivasi kerja berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pegawai PT Bank Mandiri Cabang Bekasi. Metode yang dipakai pada penelitian ini ialah metode pendekatan kuantitatif dan menggunakan analisis deskriptif serta verifikatif (regresi linier ganda). Jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 55 responden yang merupakan pegawai di PT Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk., Cabang Bekasi. Organisasi pembelajaran, dukungan sosial, dan motivasi kerja mempunyai pengaruh positif dan juga signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai. Organisasi pembelajaran, dukungan sosial dan motivasi kerja secara parsial mempunyai pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja pegawai.This research aims to find out that the organization of learning, social support and work motivation affects the performance of employees of PT Bank Mandiri Bekasi Branch. The method used in this study is a quantitative approach method and uses descriptive and verifiative analysis (double linear regression). The number of research samples as many as 55 respondents who are employees at PT Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk., Bekasi Branch. Organizational learning, social support, and work motivation have a positive and also significant influence on employee performance. The organization of learning, social support and work motivation partially has a positive and significant influence on employee performance.