bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimating colonies of Plebeia droryana (Friese, 1900) (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponini): adults, brood and nest structure
Authors: Roldão-Sbordoni Yara Sbrolin , Nascimento Fábio Santos , Mateus Sidnei
Published: July 2018

Estimate of stingless bee colonies including nest structures and quantitative brood and adult individuals are scarce. Here, we describe a new approach to estimate colonial parameters from nest structure, adults and brood. We used five colonies of Plebeia droryana (Friese, 1900) to evaluate colony size and weight of adult and brood. Nest architecture in P. droryana is similar to the species of the same genus but differ to the other stingless bees. In this species, we counted a total of 9 to 12 brood combs and a total of 19 to 25 food pots in the nests. The number of individuals in the colonies is considered small and our estimate was based on individual and group weight. Our study approach may contribute to further detailed studies of the species nest and considering the stingless bees to the pollination of agricultural crops and native flora of tropical regions, it is important to add information about the biology of P. droryana.
Long- and short-term changes in social wasp community structure in an urban area
Authors: Detoni Mateus Fajardo de Freitas Salviato , Barbosa Bruno Correa , Maciel Tatiane Tagliatti , Dos Santos Samuel Júlio Lima , Prezoto Fabio
Published: July 2018

The success of social wasps in anthropic environments is related to their ability to nest both in vegetation and human constructions, and, as humans modify their own environments, wasps community structure may shift as well. Our aim was to assess the diversity of social wasps and their interactions with nesting substrates seasonally in an urban squares area in Southeastern Brazil, 15 years after the first diversity study in this area. We actively searched for nests in the rainy season between 2014 and 2015 and in the dry season of 2015. Although social wasp species richness did not change since the 2000 assessment (13 species in 5 genera), the abundance decreased substantially. Additionally, wasps showed a general trend of nesting on the man-made materials Metal (n = 115, 60%) and Concrete (n = 106, 36%), especially by the two most common species sampled: Mischocyttarus cassununga and Polistes versicolor. We suggest that abundance decrease may correspond to the reduction of green areas in the assayed locations. These results support the well-known importance of maintaining green areas in urban environments to promote the growth and conservation of diverse social wasp communities.
Reconstrucción del proceso de elaboración de la Ley Orgánica Constitucional de Enseñanza: actores, proyectos y disputas ideológicas. Chile, 1973–1990
Authors: Pérez Navarro Camila
Published: July 2018

The aim of this article is to analyze the main debates, projects and conflicts presented in the process of drafting the Constitutional Organic Law of Education (LOCE) during the period of the Chilean Dictatorship (1973-1990). In that period, the national education system was the subjected to structural transformation, as  market principles were introduced to schools and higher education institutions in response to decisions made by various civilian and military players. This research reports an analysis of their proposals and lines of action, and how they were involved in the discussion framework in which the LOCE was drawn up. The research is based on an examination of the education-related records made during meetings of the Military Junta, the Commission for the Study of the New Political Constitution of the Republic of Chile, the Council of State, the Commission for the Study of Constitutional Organic Laws, and the Commissions for the Constitutional Organic Law on Education. The sources analyzed show that in the process of drafting the normative framework of the Chilean educational system that was to remain in force until 2009, two conflicting political ideologies were at play: on the one hand, the maintenance of a discourse of «Minimum Teaching State» (defended by traditional politicians and members of the Armed Forces) and, on the other hand, the neoliberal project.
Socio-historical transformation and classroom discourse in Malaysia
Authors: Tee Meng Yew , Tan Shin Yen , Symaco Lorraine Pe
Published: July 2018

The objective of this paper is to discuss Malaysian classroom practices, as seen through historical and socio-cultural lenses, and the classroom as a space where socio-historical transformation plays out. Malaysia’s formal education system was largely based on a British colonial structure, and still today continues to maintain much of the system established during British colonial rule. Key socio-cultural building blocks also came into being during colonial times, but these have given way to decidedly more locally driven social-historical ideas since Malaysia’s independence in 1957. We explore whether some of these social-historical changes could have contributed to the shaping of contemporary Malaysian classroom discourse. A previous study found that such discourse was almost entirely and persistently monologic, but why was monologic discourse so dominant and so homogenously employed throughout the country? What goes into the shaping of such narrow displays of classroom discourse? This paper examines the socio-historical roots that may have shaped the monologic patterns of contemporary Malaysian classroom discourse. We argue that two far-reaching forces within the macrosystem contributed to shaping classroom practice over time: the first related to the underlying colonial and post-independence rule/government structure, and the second to Malaysia’s particular socio-cultural character.
The roles played by a common language and music education in modernization and nation-state building in Asia
Authors: Ishii Yuri
Published: July 2018

Nationalism is a product of the modern era and is closely linked to the development of capitalism. In a highly mobile industrial society that emerged in modern Europe, people needed to communicate via a common vernacular language, and the speakers of said language gradually formed a sense of unity. The vernacular was then adopted by the government as a common written national language, in its attempt to establish official nationalism, and propagated through a newly established education system (Anderson, 2006). In Asian societies, which skipped this process, the creation of nation was not a result of modernization, but was instead a part of modernization from the very beginning. Asian nations had to face a gap between modernization, which required them to imitate Western values and systems, and the formation of a nation, which in the West was based on existing linguistic peculiarities that distinguished certain members of society from others. The primary aim of this paper is to explore how Asian governments from different backgrounds dealt with this gap. In particular, this paper focuses on music education in schools across Japan, Thailand, Singapore and Taiwan, and argues that the availability of a common language, the change in power holders, the populace’s identification with the government and the historical timing influenced Asian governments’ decisions regarding official nationalism.
Interview with Heinz-Elmar Tenorth
Authors: Augschöll Blasbichler Annemarie , Vogt Michaela
Published: July 2018

Professor Heinz-Elmar Tenorth till 2011 was Professor for the History of Education at Humboldt-University in Berlin. Before he studied and did his PhD at the University of Würzburg. After he stayed in the same institution for some years as research assistant before becaming professor in the educational area, first in Frankfurt a. M. and then till his retirement in Berlin. As researcher he is very well known in his field and he was also the head of several large projects funded by the DfG and other foundations. Additionally, many of his publications are well known amongst researchers in the field of educational research. The topics he published about are broad and cover theoretical reflections in the field of education and especially history of education as well as research results. Of special interest has always been the idea of «Bildung» for him, for example combined with reflections about political influence, institutional structures or the ideas of «Bildsamkeit» and «Grundlegende Bildung». Also professionalism of teachers and researchers in the field of education are further topics he worked on and is still working on. Luckily he is still very active as researcher and enriches the field of education with reflexive and innovative approaches in different ways. Reading his publications is as refreshing as it is informative and in some ways, it represents a challenge in the most positive sense of the term.
Design and Optimization of Formula SAE Suspension system
Authors: Vadhe Ashish Avinash
Published: July 2018

In automobile industry it is essential to produce the Compact and reliable Suspension system in order to increase the vehicle performance. Also, lot of forces during cornering, acceleration and bump conditions are also applied directly
during dynamic condition. This article deals with design of Formula SAE Suspension by considering various loads and their simulation on each component of the system
Effect of change of contact ratio on contact fatigue stress of involute spur gears
Authors: Gebremariam Michael , Thakur Ashish , Leake Equbamariam , Tilahun Daniel
Published: July 2018

This paper dealt on the effect of change of contact ratio on the contact fatigue stresses generated on meshing involute spur gear teeth during operation. In this study, different cases of six contact ratio gearing between and have
been analyzed. For each contact ratio the rate of load sharing and angular and radial position of load were
determined on the involute profile of meshing tooth of each gearing to determine contact fatigue stress at critical
condition. To come up at the result CATIA and Solid Works software involute spur gear models have been developed
for stress analysis on ANSYS Workbench (FEM). Because of the decrease in value and the change in location and
direction of applied load, higher contact ratio gearing resulted higher generated tooth fatigue contact stress life. The
results obtained from ANSYS Workbench are compared with results of the AGMA gear formula results.
Design of Stairlift for Curved Path
Authors: Kulkarni Ruturaj , Patel Bhumin , Mulay Chinmesh , Musale Prathamesh , Bhaskar Rohit V.
Published: July 2018

In India, a large group of population accounts for old aged groups, physically disabled people and people with damaged limbs due to accidents which faces severe problem in climbing staircases at public buildings, parks, old residential
buildings, their private homes. Also the maximum number of buildings is not equipped with elevators or escalators.
Most of these buildings have certain limitations of installing elevators or escalators. Hence Stairlift proves to be
effective way to tackle such problems faced India and can be game changer for handicapped and old aged population of
India. A stairlift is a mechanical device which is used to lift people and goods up and down on the stairs, who may find
it difficult in doing so themselves. In this a rail is mounted along the treads of the stairs. A chair or carriage is
attached to the rail. A person on the chair or carriage is lifted as the chair or carriage moves along the rail. Our main
aim is to design stairlift for Curved Tracks using optimized driving mechanism, also focusing on modular design
aspect while designing the system in order to make assembly trouble free and less time consuming during assembly as
well as during maintenance and to carry out results for fail safe design. The general considerations of outcomes in
design and manufacture of a Curved stairlift which should be useful for lifting people weight up to 120kg
Xyloglucan adsorption for measuring the specific surface area on various never-dried cellulose nanofibers
Authors: Moser Carl , Backlund Hanéle , Drenth Louise , Henriksson Gunnar , Lindström Mikael E.
Published: July 2018

In this paper, we explore xyloglucan adsorption to cellulose nanofibers as a method for the evaluation of their quality (i. e., the degree of disintegration) and the accessible surface area in the wet state and at low ionic strength. This method was shown to be capable of estimating the surface areas of 14 different cellulose nanofiber qualities from both hardwood and softwood with different pretreatments, including enzymatic hydrolysis using a monocomponent endoglucanase, TEMPO-mediated oxidation, and carboxymethylation. The cellulose surface measured using this method showed a correlation with the degree of disintegration expressed as transmittance for different concentrations of xyloglucan.
A Night in Old Chinatown
Authors: Gow William
Published: July 2018

In 1938, the Chinese American community in Los Angeles hosted the Moon Festival in Old Chinatown as a fundraiser for Chinese victims of the Sino-Japanese War. Held against the backdrop of Bowl of Rice fundraisers across the United States, and the demolition of most of Old Chinatown by the construction of Union Station, the 1938 Moon Festival attracted tens of thousands of visitors to Old Chinatown while providing a stage for local Chinese Americans to perform self-representations of Chinatown to visitors. Focusing on Chinese American performances such as those of the Los Angeles Mei Wah Girls’ Drum Corps, this article examines the extent to which Chinese Americans utilized the festival’s performances of race and gender to challenge Orientalist ideas about the their community.
ПОТЕНЦІАЛ РЕСТОРАННОГО ГОСПОДАРСТВА ОДЕЩИНИ В РОЗВИТКУ ГАСТРОНОМІЧНОГО ТУРИЗМУ
Authors: Дишкантюк О. В. , Харенко Д. О. , Івичук Л. М.
Published: July 2018

У статті проведений аналіз динаміки туристичних потоків одеського регіону та показано, щорозвиток туризму в Одеському регіоні має позитивну динаміку, але достатньо низькі темпи розвитку іна погляд авторів, одним із способів вирішення цієї проблеми є розвиток гастрономічного туризму,адже всі передумови для цього наявні. Розвиток гастрономічного туризму є логічною тенденцією в ра-курсі переходу до економіки, де двигуном виступають враження. В економіці вражень в конкуренціювключаються національні культури. Досліджені ментальні кулінарні традиції регіону як об’єктів длястворення гастрономічного бренду. Дана характеристика гастрономічним можливостям регіону як по-тенційним атракціям гостинності. Проаналізовані об’єкти гастрономічного туризму регіону, зокрема,заклади етнічної кухні, концептуальні ресторани, регіональні гастрономічні фестивалі, кулінарні школита майстер-класи. Аналіз пропозицій вітчизняних туроператорів показує, що гастрономічний туризм вУкраїні в цілому, та Одеському регіоні зокрема, знаходиться в стадії зародження.
Hizmet Sektöründe Altı Sigma Kalite Felsefesinin Uygulanması: Bir Turizm İşletmesi Örneği
Authors: Cengiz Ömer , Senger Ötüken
Published: July 2018

6 Sigma kalite felsefesinin üretim sektöründeki başarılı uygulamalarının işletmelere kazandırdığı rekabet üstünlüğü hizmet sektörü için de ilham kaynağı olmuştur. 6 Sigma’yı başarıyla uygulayabilen işletmeler süreçlerindeki hataları ortadan kaldırarak verimliliklerini önemli ölçüde arttırmışlardır. Yapılan bu çalışmada, hizmet sektöründe yer alan bir işletmenin 6 Sigma felsefesi ile süreçlerindeki hataların minimize edilmesi ve hizmet kalitesinin yükseltilmesi amaçlanmıştır. 6 Sigma TÖAİK döngüsünün uygulanması sırasında işletmenin mevcut durumu tanımlanmış, ölçme aşamasında işletmenin hizmet kalitesinin seviyesi ölçülmüş, analiz aşamasında, ölçmede elde edilen verilerin yorumları gerçekleştirilmiş ve yapılan analizler ışığında işletmenin süreçlerindeki hataların ortadan kaldırılmasını sağlayacak iyileştirmeler tespit edilmiştir. Son aşama olan kontrol aşamasında ise belirlenen iyileştirilmelerin uygulanmasının ardından yapılacak denetimler anlatılmıştır.
Adicción a facebook y habilidades sociales en estudiantes de una universidad privada de Lima
Authors: Mejía Bejarano Gabriela , Paz Guerrero Junelly , Quinteros Zúñiga Dámaris
Published: July 2018

Objetivo: Determinar si existe relación significativa entre la dependencia a facebook sobre las habilidades sociales en los estudiantes de una universidad privada de Lima, Perú. Material y Métodos: Para ello se aplicó a una muestra de 300 estudiantes el test de adicción a internet de Young adaptado y validado por Mariani (2005),para medir el nivel de adicción a esta red social y la escala de habilidades sociales (Gismero, 2000), con el fin de evaluar los niveles de habilidad en esta área. La investigación se realizó desde una metodología no experimental, de corte transversal y de tipo descriptiva correlacional. Resultados: Dentro de los hallazgos significativos del estudio, se encontró que el 10.3% presentó un nivel de adicción a facebook; respecto a las habilidades sociales, el 56.3% registró un nivel bajo. Además se encontró que existe una correlación inversa altamente significativa (p evalue = 0,001). Conclusiones: Se confirma que la dependencia a facebook guarda relación inversa con lashabilidades sociales de los jóvenes.
Relación entre la satisfacción laboral y el trato digno que brinda el profesional de Enfermería al paciente que acude a una institución privada de salud de IV nivel de atención, Lima 2013
Authors: Miranda Limachi Keila Ester
Published: July 2018

Objetivo: Establecer la relación entre la satisfacción laboral y el trato digno que brinda el profesional de Enfermería al paciente que acude a una institución privada de salud de IV nivel de atención en la ciudad de Lima. Metodología: El estudio fue de diseño no experimental; tipo cuantitativo, descriptivo, correlacional y transversal. La población estuvo constituida por 57 profesionales de Enfermería que trabajan en el área asistencial de la Clínica San Felipe, durante el último año. En la recolección de datos se utilizó dos instrumentos de medición, para la variable satisfacción laboral se adaptó y modificó el cuestionario de Robbins desarrollado en el año 2000; para la variable trato digno se utilizó una guía de observación elaborada por la investigadora teniendo comoreferencia la encuesta indicador de calidad presentada por la Cruzada Nacional de calidad de los servicios de salud. Para establecer la relación entre las variables se utilizó el estadístico de correlación de Rho Spearman (rs).Resultados: Se evidenció que la satisfacción laboral no tuvo relación significativa con el trato digno; según la prueba Rho Spearman 0,042 y el valor p = 0,758. Sin embargo se encontró una correlación positiva significativa para la dimensión: naturaleza de contenido de trabajo y la variable trato digno que brinda el profesional de enfermería. Conclusión: No existe correlación significativa entre la satisfacción laboral y el trato digno que brinda el profesional de Enfermería.
Factores biopsicológigos y socioculturales como predictores de la conducta promotora de salud en los estudiantes de Enfermería de la Universidad Adventista de Chile
Authors: Aranda Sánchez Daysi , Cruz Pedreros Mónica
Published: July 2018

Objetivo: Determinar si los factores biológicos, psicológicos y socioculturales de los estudiantes de Enfermería de la Universidad Adventista de Chile son predictores de las conductas promotoras de salud (CPS). Metodología:Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo–correlacional, de corte transversal. La población: todos los estudiantes del primer al quinto año de la carrera de Enfermería. La muestra fue de 137 alumnos, seleccionada con un muestreo probabilístico aleatorio, estratificado. El instrumento estuvo conformado por un cuestionario semiestructurado, escala de estilo de vida promotor de salud (EVPS), escala de percepción de autoeficacia y escala de autoestima. Los datos fueron procesados con SPSS 19.0. Resultados: Los factores biosocioculturales no son predictores de las conductas promotoras de salud en los estudiantes de Enfermería, pues fueron evaluados a un nivel de confianza de 95% sin embargo, el factor psicológico autoestima presentó una asociación con la conducta promotora de salud, como lo indica el valor X2 = 23.56, p = 0.00. y el factor percepción de autoeficacia, una relación directa, significativa con la conducta promotora de salud, r = 0.30, p = 0.00. Conclusión: La autoestima y la autoeficacia percibida son predictores de la conducta promotora de salud en los estudiantes de Enfermería de la Universidad Adventista de Chile.
Utilización de Modelos y Teorías de Enfermería de Escuelas del Ser Humano Unitario y Caring en Servicios del Hospital María Auxiliadora
Authors: Huamán Salazar Nancy , Miranda Alvarado Angélica , Vásquez Ramírez Justina Violeta , Gonzales Meza Berna Luzgarda , García Padilla Aura Amanda , Arteaga León Livia Edda
Published: July 2018

Los modelos y teorías, en la práctica de la enfermería, orientan el quehacer del enfermero que va más allá de la técnica y permiten guiar las actividades, mejorando la gestión de los cuidados de enfermería en los servicios desalud. Objetivo: Determinar la utilización de modelos y teorías de enfermería de las Escuelas del Ser Humano Unitario y el Caring, por las enfermeras del Hospital María Auxiliadora. Material y métodos: Estudio de nivel aplicativo, descriptivo y de corte transversal, tuvo una muestra de 137 enfermeras, se usó la técnica de la encuesta y el cuestionario como instrumento. Resultados: El profesional de enfermería utiliza los modelos y teorías de enfermería en la conceptualización cuidado en un 8%, persona en 34%, salud, un 19% y entorno en un 19%. Dela Escuela del Ser Humano Unitario utilizan un 12% cuidado, el 23% persona, un 8% salud, el 13% entorno y de la Escuela del Caring, el 4% utilizan el cuidado, un 55% persona, el 69% salud y 25% entorno. Conclusiones: El paradigma de transformación ubica a las escuelas del ser humano y el caring, las concepciones de estas teorías en su dimensión persona, salud, entorno son utilizadas en muy bajo porcentaje por el profesional de enfermería.
Estado nutricional en pacientes críticos como predictor de morbimortalidad en un Hospital Nacional de EsSalud de Lima-Perú
Authors: Roque Aycachi Jossiel , Miranda Flores María
Published: July 2018

Objetivo: El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar la asociación de la morbimortalidad con el estado nutricional de pacientes que ingresan a la Unidad de Cuidados Especiales (UCE) de Emergencia del Hospital NacionalGuillermo Almenara Irigoyen. Material y métodos: El estudio es de diseño no experimental, de corte longitudinal, de alcance observacional analítico de cohortes retrospectivos. El muestreo fue de tipo no probabilístico, porconveniencia. El grupo se conformó por 124 pacientes, quienes fueron divididos en dos grupos: desnutridos (n=31) y normonutridos (n=93) para la observación de ambos grupos, frente a la exposición (ventilación mecánica, infección, estancia hospitalaria, estado de egreso). Resultados: Se encontró una relación significativa y un odds ratio entre el estado nutricional y la ventilación mecánica (OR=2.6; p<0.033), infecciones (OR=2.6; p<0.038), estancia hospitalaria (OR=4.154; p<0.01) y estado de egreso (OR=3.646; p<0.004). Conclusiones:Finalmente, se llega a la conclusión de la existe una relación significativa entre las variables estudiadas.
Estados de identidad y adaptación conductual en estudiantes universitarios de Lima Este
Authors: Cayte Condori Luz , Quinteros Zúñiga Damaris Susana
Published: July 2018

El estudio tiene como objetivo determinar si existe asociación significativa entre los estados de identidad y la adaptación conductual en 187 estudiantes universitarios de ambos sexos de una universidad privada de Lima Este. Fue de diseño no experimental y alcance correlacional. Los instrumentos aplicados fueron el Ego Identity Process Questionnaire (EIPQ), elaborado por Balistreri, Busch y Geisinger (1995) y el Inventario de Adaptación de Conducta (IAC), adaptado en Lima por Ruiz (2008). En los resultados se encontró que existe asociación altamente significativa entre los estados de identidad y la adaptación conductual (X2 =23.050, p=0.001). Se concluye que un adecuado estado de identidad (logro de identidad) se asocia a una adaptación conductual satisfactoria.
Findings of thermometric monitoring of the top layer of permafrost during hydrocarbon production in the European North of Russia
Authors: Pashilov Maksim
Published: July 2018

Ensuring stability of subgrade soil under engineering structures is a critical task at oil field development projects in the Arctic. It is largely determined by the state of the permafrost influenced by natural and man-induced changes to the temperature regime. The issue of permafrost stability forecasting is still underexplored, this entailing a number of challenges for construction and trouble-free operation of facilities in the Far North. The Ardalin Oil and Gas Field (AOGF) is the only project in the Nenets Autonomous District (NAD) where results of extensive temperature measurements carried out in special thermometric wells have been accumulated over a lengthy period of over 20 years. This article contains the findings of thermometric monitoring of the top layer of soil with an average depth interval of 20 metres. Changes in the permafrost temperature regime, in both the presence and absence of sand (soil) filling, over the study period are described in the article. Natural physical and climatic disturbances that rule out the possibility of maintaining a continuous permafrost temperature are identified. In addition, the key sources of man-induced impact on the top layer of permafrost at the location of the AOGF production infrastructure facilities are analysed. This analysis resulted in recommendations that might be of help during design and construction of engineering works in the European North of Russia and serve to minimise thermal impact on frozen ground. Preserving the permafrost layer in its original natural state will help ensure stability of the subgrade of buildings and structures, thereby reducing the chances of any accidents.
Expression and purification of (GST-tagged) (Kai) proteins v1
Authors: Wiegard Anika
Published: July 2018

This protocol can be used for: (i) heterologous expression of GST-tagged proteins from pGEX-6P1 based expression vectors in E. coli. (ii) purification of recombinant proteins via affinity chromatography using glutathione-agarose or glutathione-sepharose (GST tagged protein can be eluted with glutathione. Alternatively, the tag can be cleaved off by prescission protease) (iii) further purification of the eluted protein via anion exchange chromatography This protocol was modified from Wiegard A, Dörrich AK, Deinzer HT, Beck C, Wilde A, Holtzendorff J, Axmann IM: Biochemical analysis of three putative KaiC clock proteins from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 suggests their functional divergence. Microbiology 2013, 159, 948-958 Snijder J, Schuller JM, Wiegard A, Lössel, P, Schmelling NM, Axmann IM, Plitzko JM, Förster F, Heck AJR: Structures of the cyanobacterial circadian oscillator frozen in a fully assembled state. Science 2017, 355(6330):1181-1184
PCR algorithm to detect and characterize Neisseria meningitidis carriage isolates in the African meningitis belt v1
Authors: Manigart Olivier
Published: July 2018

Improved methods for the detection and characterization of carried Neisseria meningitidis isolates are needed. We evaluated a multiplex PCR algorithm for the detection of a variety of carriage strains in the meningitis belt. To further improve the sensitivity and specificity of the existing PCR assays, primers for gel-based PCR assays (sodC, H, Z) and primers/probe for real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays (porA, cnl, sodC, H, E, Z) were modified or created using Primer Express software. Optimized multiplex PCR assays were tested on 247 well-characterised carriage isolates from six countries of the African meningitis belt. The PCR algorithm developed enabled the detection of N. meningitidis species using gel-based and real-time multiplex PCR targeting porA, sodC, cnl and characterization of capsule genes through sequential multiplex PCR assays for genogroups (A, W, X, then B, C, Y and finally H, E and Z). Targeting both porA and sodC genes together allowed the detection of meningococci with a sensitivity of 96% and 89% and a specificity of 78% and 67%, for qPCR and gel-based PCR respectively. The sensitivity and specificity ranges for capsular genogrouping of N. meningitidis are 67% - 100% and 98%-100% respectively for gel-based PCR and 90%-100% and 99%-100% for qPCR. We developed a PCR algorithm that allows simple, rapid and systematic detection and characterisation of most major and minor N. meningitidis capsular groups, including uncommon capsular groups (H, E, Z).
CTTI_Pregnancy_Testing_Project_Protocol v1
Authors: Calvert Sara
Published: July 2018

Pregnant women are excluded from many, if not most, clinical trials. Although there are several potential scientific justifications for this exclusion (such as the often unknown effects of the normal physiological changes of pregnancy on drug metabolism), the primary rationale is to minimize the risk of adverse fetal effects from exposure to study-related interventions. Little formal guidance is available on how to develop pregnancy testing plansfor clinical trials. To address this issue, the Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative (CTTI) conducted a project - which included an online survey, a quantitative model, and a meeting of content experts and stakeholders - to develop recommendations for pregnancy testing in clinical research based on currently available evidence. This protocol describes the project methods.
On Invoking Third Parties in Vietnamese Medical Communication
Authors: Nguyen Huong Thi Linh , Austin Gavin
Published: July 2018

This study is concerned with the practice of invoking third parties among doctors and patients in Vietnamese medical consultations. These third parties are relatives of the patient who are also medical professionals. We show that doctors invoke relatives-plus-medical professionals in order to elicit information from patients, while patients adopt this practice in order to circumvent a troublesome administrative requirement; obtain a preferred form of treatment; receive a health-related service from the hospital, while also diminishing accountability for making this request in case it turns out to be irregular; give reasons for selecting the current hospital; or challenge the doctor’s expertise. Another possible motive is to receive special attention from the treating doctor. We suggest that doctors and patients are particularly inclined to invoke relatives-plus-medical professionals as third parties because of two social forces within Vietnamese culture: collectivism and social status. We also adduce evidence that, as a determinant of the patient’s future treatment for their problem, their familial relationship with the third party overrides this person’s status as a medical professional in this cultural context. More broadly, our findings indicate that medical communication is not invariant across cultures, but can be shaped by culture-specific forces.
Construction and Verification of Effectiveness of English Listening Teaching Model Based on Interactive Model Theory
Authors: Wang Min , Hu Fanghui
Published: July 2018

Listening teaching is an important part in English teaching. On the basis of analysis of disadvantages of traditional English listening teaching in China, teaching model of English listening based on interactive model theory is constructed. The newly constructed teaching model consists of six teaching modules, including phonetic teaching, vocabulary teaching, grammar teaching, discourse teaching, background information teaching and strategy teaching. In order to test the effectiveness of the new model, two natural classes are chosen from some university. The control group adopted traditional listening teaching model while the experimental group new model. Independent samples test of SPSS was adopted to analyze their listening scores in pretest and posttest. The results show that the new English listening teaching model is significantly effective in improving students’ listening proficiency (P<0.05). New model of English listening teaching is worth popularization.
Study on the College English Curriculum from the Perspective of General Education
Authors: Li Qun
Published: July 2018

English is a very important skill. Learning English well is no longer an optional skill, it can improve the students' overall quality. Teachers should guide students to re-understand English from the perspective of general education so that students are willing to learn English well. This article reviews the domestic research on college English general education in the past 15 years so that researchers can have a better understanding of the present situation, development trend, existing problems and future development directions of general college English education in China. And from it ,we can get some useful implications for college English teaching.
A Practical Study of the Cultivation of Innovative Foreign Language Talents in Colleges and Universities
Authors: Kong Yuan
Published: July 2018

The cultivation of foreign language innovation talents must start from its concept. First of all, it is necessary to accurately understand the core concepts of innovation talents, foreign language innovation talents and innovative talent cultivation practice. The cultivation of innovative foreign language talent is a holistic design. It is the overall orientation and guidance of thought and spirit. It involves education theory, innovation theory, and talent development concepts. These categories boil down to basic theory and basic principles. Colleges and universities use this theory and principles as the basis, innovate in organizing various teaching elements to achieve the goal of cultivating foreign language creative talents. The cultivation of foreign language innovation talents is not composed of a single concept. In order to do a good job in cultivating foreign language innovative talents, we must accurately define the important concepts it includes. This article aims to cultivate the necessary foreign language talents for social development. It tries to integrate innovation training theory into talent education and eventually puts it into teaching practice.
Application of Constructivist Theory in Flipped Classroom — Take College English Teaching as a Case Study
Authors: Xu Ziling , Shi Yeli
Published: July 2018

In the context of information globalization and the popularity of the Internet, the flipped classroom as a new teaching mode, a new pedagogical method has become a heated topic and a growing concern for educators across the world. In this paper, the flipped classroom is supported by constructivist learning theory. The teaching mode under the constructivist learning theory is typically students-centered which corresponds with the flipped classroom mode. This paper mainly focuses on the application of constructivist learning theory in flipped classroom, taking college English teaching for example to interpret the student- student, teacher- student interactions in the flipped classroom with the final goal to promote students’ learning efficiency and quality.
Impacts du maintien du français comme langue d’enseignement sur la mise en œuvre de l’approche par les compétences : cas de la Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: KOUASSI Konan Stanislas
Published: July 2018

RÉSUMÉ. Dans le but d’améliorer la qualité de l’éducation et accroître la performance de son système éducatif, la Côte d’Ivoire a adopté l’Approche par les compétences, une démarche éducative fait de l’apprenant le principal acteur de ses apprentissages et qui demande donc qu’il prenne une part active dans la construction du savoir. Pourtant, le français est resté l’unique langue d’enseignement dans ce pays à forte hétérogénéité linguistique où tous les apprenants n’en développent une compétence suffisante à communiquer langagièrement. Cette étude qui vise à rendre compte des impacts du maintien du français dans ce rôle sur la mise en œuvre de l’Approche Par les Compétences à partir de données collectées au terme d’une enquête conduite auprès de 147 et d’observations de classe a révélé que tous les apprenants ne parviennent pas à prendre une part active dans la construction du savoir alors que ceux-ci sont supposés être les principaux acteurs de leurs apprentissages tout simplement parce qu’ils ne développent pas tous une compétence suffisante à communiquer langagièrement en français, la langue d’enseignement. Mots clés : Approche par compétence, Côte d’Ivoire, français, interactions verbales, langueABSTRACT. In order to improve the quality of education and increase the performance of its education system, Côte d'Ivoire has adopted the Skills Approach, an educational approach that makes the learner the main player in its learning and which therefore demands that he take an active part in the construction of knowledge. However, French has remained the only language of instruction in this country with a high degree of linguistic heterogeneity where all learners develop a sufficient competence to communicate linguistically. This study aims to report on the impacts of the maintenance of French in this role on the implementation of the Competency-Based Approach based on data collected at the end of a survey conducted at 147 and class observations. revealed that not all learners are able to take an active part in the construction of knowledge when they are supposed to be the main actors in their learning simply because they do not all develop sufficient competence to communicate linguistically in French, the language of instruction. Keywords: Approach by skill, French, Ivory Coast, language, verbal interactions
L’écriture de soi chez Malika Mokeddem : libération ou engagement ?
Authors: BEZZOUH Djedjigua , RAMDANE Souhila
Published: July 2018

RÉSUMÉ Le présent travail étudie l’écriture de soi dans les deux œuvres de Malika Mokeddem : Mes hommes et je dois tout à ton oubli. Il s’agit particulièrement d’interroger le projet autobiographique dans Mes hommes et la coïncidence du réel et du fictionnel dans Je dois tout à ton oubli, afin d’appréhender la connexité tissée dans ces deux romans. Notre étude est étayée par deux concepts théoriques de l’écriture de soi à savoir :  l’autobiographe et l’autofiction. Sur le plan méthodologique, il sera question d’examiner plusieurs éléments qui font basculer le récit entre référentialité et fictionnalité. Lesquels éléments sont, d’une part, d’ordre narratif, ils révèlent la stratégie d’écriture chez M. Mokeddem. D’autre part, d’ordre thématique qui couvrent les objectifs de l’écriture de soi. Conséquemment, l’écriture de soi chez M. Mokeddem puise sa particularité à la fois des procédés usités et du réseau de significations qui relie les deux romans.  Mots- clés : autobiographie, autofiction, énonciation, thèmes et objectifs, indices paratextuels.  ABSTRACT. This research paper attempts to expose self writing in thetwo works of Malika Mokeddem My Men and I Owe Everything to Your forgetfulness . This study is particularly about questioning the autobiographical project in My Men and the fact and the fictional in I Owe Everything to Your forgetfulness and that to comprehend the connectedness woven in these two novels. Our study will be grounded on two theoritical concepts of self writing: the autobiography and the autofiction. From a methodological point of view, it will be a question of examining several elements that swing texts between referentiality and functionality. These elements are on one hand narrative; they reveal the writing strategy of M Mokeddem. On the other hand, that of the thematic order which covers the objectives of self writing. Consequently, Mokeddem 's self writing draws its particularity from both the commonly used processes and the network of meanings which link the two novels. Keywords: autobiography, autofiction, enunciation, themes and objectives, Paratextual indices
Formação docente em educação ambiental: elementos sob a luz da complexidade
Authors: Donaiski Motin Sirlene , Born Martinelli Líliam Maria , Saheb Daniele
Published: July 2018

O campo da formação inicial docente no Brasil está em constante discussão sobre os desafios e caminhos que podem ser trilhados para formar profissionais cada vez mais preparados para atuar na educação básica. Uma das questões que surgem envolve a abordagem da Educação Ambiental (EA) voltada à sustentabilidade e cidadania na formação inicial, considerando que os sujeitos são potencializadores da transformação social por meio da escola. Assim, esta pesquisa busca evidenciar elementos para uma formação inicial de professores no país que potencialize a EA crítica e promova reflexões necessárias ao contexto atual. Para tanto, foram analisadas produções científicas, com foco nas concepções de EA no campo da formação referida, no período de 2012 a 2016, investigando a presença da complexidade. O aporte teórico inclui a teoria da complexidade e a EA crítica. Os resultados mostraram que a maioria dos trabalhos tende ao conservacionismo e protecionismo, sendo evidente a importância da inclusão de elementos da complexidade na formação inicial de professores, seguindo os princípios da reforma de pensamento proposta por Morin (1990, 1999, 2000a). Em relação à EA, essa reforma de pensamento gera a capacidade de responsabilização pelos seus atos e consequências com relação ao ambiente.
ANTHONY GIDDENS E PIERRE BOURDIEU: É POSSÍVEL FALAR EM PÓS-ESTRUTURALISMO?
Authors: Bender Mateus , Coelho Gabriel Bandeira
Published: July 2018

O objetivo do artigo é debater o quadro teórico-metodológico de análise da vida social formulado por Pierre Bourdieu e Anthony Giddens. Embora esses autores neguem a denominação de pós-estruturalistas, busca-se aproximar os pressupostos teóricos à vertente filosófica/sociológica, contribuindo ao debate da teoria social contemporânea. Após debater acerca da definição e conceitualização do movimento pós-estruturalista, em um segundo momento analisa-se a teoria social de Pierre Bourdieu, buscando destacar suas possíveis aproximações teóricas/filosóficas com o movimento. Posteriormente, é destacada a teoria da estruturação e a possibilidade de proximidade teórica de Anthony Giddens com a perspectiva pós-estruturalista. Conclui-se que seus elementos epistemológicos, metodológicos e teóricos estão muito mais próximos de uma perspectiva pós-estruturalista do que qualquer outra vertente do pensamento sociológico.
A SUPREMACIA SERÁ SEMPRE DOS MAIS INTELIGENTES”: A FORMAÇÃO JURÍDICA PAULISTA NO SÉCULO XIX
Authors: Santos Gustavo , Mesquita Ilka Miglio
Published: July 2018

O presente artigo objetiva identificar o processo de constituição da cultura jurídica pela formação dos bacharéis da Academia de Direito de São Paulo, no século XIX, a partir das memórias publicadas por Vampré (1977) e Nogueira (1977), da Lei de 11/08/1827, do Estatuto de Couto Ferraz (1854) e do Estatuto de Leôncio de Carvalho (1879). Indagamos: Como o curso foi organizado? Para que, para quem e o que se objetivava? Portanto, notamos que o processo de constituição da cultura jurídica pelo lócus acadêmico aconteceu por meio das mudanças na estrutura curricular, nas ordens e na inclusão de novas cadeiras, pelas avaliações e o controle do Estado Imperial. Enfim, pelo que estava explícito e intrínseco na estruturação da formação jurídica dos bacharéis.
MAQUIAGEM VERDE EM ANÚNCIOS PUBLICITÁRIOS: INFLUÊNCIA NA SOCIEDADE SOB ENFOQUE DA ANÁLISE CRÍTICA DO DISCURSO
Authors: Gomes de Sá Pedro Henrique , Leal Nascimento Alba Catarina
Published: July 2018

O objetivo central deste trabalho é observar, dentro do contexto da Análise Crítica do Discurso de Norman Fairclough, a prevalência da chamada maquiagem verde no mercado publicitário brasileiro (tanto de anúncios como dos rótulos), identificando, sob as três dimensões – textual, discursiva e social –, os sentidos discursivos e ideológicos da propaganda que é o corpus da pesquisa: a peça publicitária da borracha “Architecte”, da empresa “Maped”. O estudo se deu no campo analítico do método qualitativo, e os resultados obtidos apontam à obsessão das empresas produtoras por atingir os consumidores brasileiros no campo ambiental, já que estes estão entre os que mais procuram saber a origem ecológica dos produtos que consomem. No caso da Maped, observou-se que a manipulação com uso de falso selo, de mecanismos de cores e dizeres aludindo a um padrão confiável de empresa amiga do meio ambiente tem sido um caminho fácil de engano aos consumidores, os quais, desavisadamente, acabam sendo influenciados pelo falso discurso ecológico do mercado.
Peculiarities of perception (visual gnosis) and thinking in patients with schizotypal disorder
Authors: Simon Y.A. , Bizyuk A.P. , Isaeva E.R. , Shoshina I.I. , Mukhitova Y.V.
Published: July 2018

The article deals with the peculiarities of perception (visual gnosis) and thinking in patients with schizotypal disorder. A cognitive pattern of perception, characteristics of voluntary attention and changes in the mental domain in patients with this pathology were described. 45 people suffering from schizotypal disorder (F21 for ICD-10) were examined, including 27 men and 18 women, the average age was 22.06 ± 1.31 years. Control group was the group of university students (30 people) 14 of them men and 16 women, the average age was 21.03 ± 0.9 years, controlshad not suffered from any mental and chronic physical illnesses. Following patho- and neuropsychological techniques were used: figures of Poppelreuter, method «Non-completed images»; «Elimination of excess», Guildford’s test «Social intelligence», Subtest No. 2 of «Group expression», TMT (Trail Making Test, parts A and B). The results have revealed that the visual perception of the patients with schizotypal disorder is disturbed at every stage of visual gnosis, disturbances appear evidently at the stages of formation of a complex image and its further correlation with pattern samples from memory. It has been shown that in patients with schizotypal disorder, the process of internal logical connection between statements is disrupted, as a result, the act of perceptual nomination changes.
Psychological Analysis of Aggressive Tendencies in Adolescents Firstly Entered Socio-Protective Institution
Authors: Reshetnikov M.M. , Ulasen T.V.
Published: July 2018

The paper presents the results of a comprehensive study of aggressive and hostile tendencies among pupils of socio-protective institutions. In adolescents living in families, but found themselves in a difficult life situation, the prevalence of physical, verbal and indirect aggressiveness, significantly more frequently encountered irritability was revealed. In adolescents, orphans (true and social), on the contrary, the prevalence of negativism and the significantly more frequent suspicion are determined. The conducted research allows us to speak about two different reaction profiles in a collision with a new stressful situation in pupils of social protection institutions, depending on their belonging to the group. In one case, we are talking about the prevalence of the "aggressiveness index" (adolescents from families), in the case of orphanhood, the prevalence of hostile tendencies attracts attention. The data obtained are consistent with the results of the evaluation of traumatic experiences on the PIVIPSD questionnaire and the results of the determination of coping strategies of behavior, which is reflected in the article. It was concluded that there is a need for a differentiated approach in studying the issues of psychotraumatology in pupils of socio-protective institutions, one of the aspects of which should be a detailed study of aggressive and hostile tendencies at the affective, cognitive and behavioral levels. This approach explains the need to develop an appropriate algorithm for clinical, psychological and social assistance, depending on who belongs to the group.