bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of socially significant infrastructure in Russia based on public-private partnership
Authors: Vaslavskaya Irina
Published: March 2020

The global financial crisis of 2007-2009 laid the foundation for a steady trend of slowing economic growth on a global scale, which was accompanied by a reduction in budget revenues of national states and a limitation of state budget spending. In these conditions, objectively, the need arose to form a hierarchy of priority budget expenditures that would allow the state to ensure economic growth and finance the growing social needs of society in the context of entrenched stagnation. Numerous studies have proved that the most acceptable model for the state becomes the development of socially significant infrastructure based on the organization of public-private partnerships (PPP). In the context of budgetary restrictions and the consolidation of budgetary funds, PPP forms objectively come first in order to organize co-financing of projects for the development of socially significant infrastructure. However, in Russia and in other countries of the world PPP projects are being implemented slowly, especially in socially significant infrastructure, which could become a powerful driver of economic growth in the future. In this regard, the problem of creating the conditions necessary to ensure the multiplier effect of budget financing of public infrastructure in conditions of a deficit of public finances is becoming particularly relevant.
The capital structure of the enterprise as an object of management
Authors: Kishibayeva Botagoz , Dzhaksybekova Galiya , Nizamdinova Arzygul , Supugaliyeva Gulnazym , Kukiev Abay
Published: March 2020

The success of any organization is largely determined by the availability of sources of capital formation, the timely completion of the need for it. Maintaining the continuity of the production process, increasing its efficiency, expanding production and creating new types of activities make it necessary to finance additional capital requirements. Modern conditions exacerbate the problem of search and informed choice of sources of replenishment of capital, and their optimal ratio is becoming increasingly important for the organization.
Criminal Liability of the Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Kirpichnikov Danila , Pavlyuk Albert , Grebneva Yulia , Okagbue Hilary
Published: March 2020

Today, artificial intelligence (hereinafter – AI) becomes an integral part of almost all branches of science. The ability of AI to self-learning and self-development are properties that allow this new formation to compete with the human intelligence and perform actions that put it on a par with humans. In this regard, the author aims to determine whether it is possible to apply criminal liability to AI, since the latter is likely to be recognized as a subject of legal relations in the future. Based on a number of examinations and practical examples, the author makes the following conclusion: AI is fundamentally capable of being criminally liable; in addition, it is capable of correcting its own behavior under the influence of coercive measures.
Structural and bit-by-bit modeling of the cities
Authors: Yedilbayev Bauyrzhan , Shokanova Akmaral , Akhmetova Zauresh , Askarov Gani , Kalganbayev Nurlan
Published: March 2020

Developed economic - ecological model of modern large city on the example of Almaty, based on the main provisions of statistical theory, theories of logistics and the similarity of the General plan of development of Kazakhstan megapolis, the strategy of transport development of Kazakhstan, programs to reduce the traffic load on the highways regulations of international and national importance, as well as on the basis of predictive decisions arising from the comprehensive consideration of the issues city transport road ecology (CTRE). It includes for the first time scientifically grounded ecological and economic indicators and daily ecological model of Almaty which were initial data for further researches and calculations. However, this complex problem practically in all textbooks and manuals on ecology is considered factually, i.e. separately without interrelation, and questions of interrelation or mutual influence of emissions of motor transport in aggregate with infrastructure SRN (traffic lights, intersections, sidewalks, avenues, etc.) on environment are not still considered in the world literature. Besides there are no data on distribution of exhaust gases (EG) of motor vehicle in the residential area near highways in any source. Therefore, even it is difficult to expert to define the main sources of pollution of urban air environment.
Philosophy of Sustainable Development: Utopia or Ideal? The historic excursus into the traditional worldview of peoples of Eurasia
Authors: Dadyrova Assel , Mukhtarova Gaini , Omarova Zhanna
Published: March 2020

The article is devoted to the theme of the transition of mankind from a society of «intellectual moral decline» to a society of «awareness by each individual of personal planetary responsibility». Today, as a person living in a large metropolis, consuming large amounts of energy and the benefits of a technocratic civilization, as well as a person living in the core of the wild nature, mercilessly cutting down forests, pouring mercury into rivers for the sake of gold cannot boast a high level of ecological culture. Their search for the utopia of the «ideal land» as the promised lands of «Zheryuk» and «Zhideli-Baysyn» and of the «ideal society», which lives without hunger, destitution, wars and social anomalies, seeking a single harmonious path in spiritual solidarity with nature, this core of the traditional worldview of a nomad, of his holy almost sacred attitude and worship to the Great Steppe, echoes with the concept of sustainable development.
Modern Economic and Logistical Trends in Eurasia: how Do New Trans-Eurasian Mega-Projects Influent to National Economic Growth
Authors: Audonin Aliaksei , Turginbayeva Ardak , Askerov Askar , Yergobek Dimash
Published: March 2020

The development of trade and communication technologies impact on economic processes and accelerate the interaction processes. The article considers modern transport and logistics projects on the Eurasian continent, both rail and sea, reveals the development trends of air transport. The main attention is paid to the impact of such projects on the economic growth of the countries of the region and international processes. The article reflects the key stages of the implementation of the Chinese project “One Belt One Road” in Kazakhstan, the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus. The final conclusion of the article is an idea that the intensive development of transport communications is important for raising national economies, transport arteries should be constructed not only within the country, but also on the Eurasian continent. The article has a practical importance for government departments, organizations and experts related to the study of geo-economic processes and up making decisions in the field of public administration.
Human Resource Assessment in the EAEU Countries’ Companies
Authors: Uteubayev Talgat , Aidargaliyeva Nazgul , Syrlybayeva Nazgul
Published: March 2020

The article conducted a survey of experts in the chemical industry to assess the human resources in the EAEU countries’ companies. The hypothesis of research is due to the complex influence of the factor on human resources development, which ultimately affects the EAEU countries’ innovative development. The results of the study revealed the following negative factors that impede the formation and development of human resources in Kazakhstan. In Kazakhstan, the limiting factor to the technological breakthrough in the long term is the quality of human resources. There is a tendency to increase the outflow of promising youth and qualified personnel from Kazakhstan. The development of human resources in Kazakhstan is significantly affected by the lack of interest in the business environment in the additional costs of training and professional development of workers, as well as low wages of employees.
Realities and prospects of using green technologies in Kazakhstan
Authors: Sansyzbayeva Galiya , Ashirbekova Laura , Nurgaliyeva Kuralay , Ametova Zhuldyz , Asanova Arailym
Published: March 2020

The particular relevance of the study of issues related to global crises is determined by the fact that although they affect the whole of humanity as a whole, the least economically and socially protected layers of the population in the whole world suffer from their consequences. That is why the key concepts of a green economy are natural capital and the ecosystem services it provides. The main priorities of the green economy concept are to increase the well-being of society with minimal impact on the environment. The article discusses the theoretical aspects of the implementation of the concept of “green” economy in Kazakhstan. The main directions of the “green” economy are highlighted and the results of the transition to a green economy are analyzed. The main stages of development of green economy in Kazakhstan are described. The problems of Kazakhstan’s transition to a “green” course of economic development are studied and the need for innovative approaches in the development of green technologies in the country is substantiated.
Resources and competencies as major determinants of university models 4.0
Authors: Madaliуeva Zabira , Kassen Gulmira , Sadykova Nazira , Baimoldina Laura , Zakaryanova Shynar
Published: March 2020

The article considers the concept of resources and competences in the context of the transition of universities to a new generation model - “University 4.0.” Based on an analysis of the historical variability of university models, it is justified that resources and competencies act as the main determinants of the 4.0 university model in the modern realities of higher education. The analysis of sources claims that the movement from University 1.0 to University 4.0 increases the level of “transition” of talent and knowledge. In this way, the authors reach to the concept of “resources,” as supra-competent determinants of the growth of the university. Based on the analysis of the global challenges of the modern world, the need to distinguish the spiritual mission of universities as important actors in the development of modern society is justified. Is presented the model of the University of the Fourth Generation, developed by Al-Farabi KazNU.
Nestedness of insect assemblages in agriculture-impacted Atlantic forest streams
Authors: Huiñocana Júlio Cesar Serrano , Albertoni Edélti Faria , Picolotto Rayana Caroline , Milesi Silvia Vendruscolo , Hepp Luiz Ubiratan
Published: March 2020

Agricultural land use causes habitats fragmentation and riparian vegetation removal, driving variability in the composition of aquatic insect assemblage in streams. We explored the effect of agriculture on the beta diversity of insect assemblages of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera (EPT) in Atlantic forest streams. We measured water physical and chemical variables and quantified the land cover of 10 stream catchments to determine the environmental integrity of the streams. The percentage of vegetation range was ∼6% to ∼47%, and agricultural land use range was ∼24% to ∼88%. We collected a total of 2632 individuals distributed in 30 genera. Trichoptera was the most abundant order (57%), followed by Ephemeroptera (41%) and Plecoptera (2%). The abundance was influenced by the higher agriculture practices in the streams adjacent areas. On the other hand, the oxygenated waters and higher percentages of riparian vegetation influenced the EPT rarefied richness. The beta diversity of EPT assemblages was structured by nestedness due to the influence agricultural activities. The variation in the agricultural intensity that occurs in the streams generated more intense limnological variability, which caused the nestedness of EPT insects as well as the reduction of taxonomic richness. Thus, the streams with low environmental integrity had EPT assemblages nested in streams of high environmental integrity.
Modelling and optimization of technological parameters in hot abrasive jet machining of alumina ceramic
Authors: Behera Ranjit Kumar , Das Sudhansu Ranjan
Published: March 2020

The present work focuses on the experimental investigation of hot abrasive jet machining (HAJM) and precision drilling operation on flat surfaces of K-60 alumina ceramic material using different grades of silicon carbide abrasives. The machining AJM setup is designed based on fluidized bed mixing chamber along with pressurized powder feed chamber. The experiments are performed as per Box-Behnken design of experiments (BBDOEs) with four process parameters (pressure, stand of distance, abrasive temperature and grain size) for parametric optimization in order to control the two technological response characteristics (material removal rate, flaring diameter) of the precision holes on K-60 alumina. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), response surface methodology (RSM) and genetic algorithm (GA) are subsequently proposed for predictive modelling and process optimization. Result shows that application of hot abrasives in AJM process has excellent performance in terms of improved material removal rate, and minimum dimensional deviation of drilled hole. Multi-response optimization GA technique presented the optimal setting of machining variables in HAJM process at air pressure of 6.682 kgf/cm2, abrasive temperature of 60.6 °C, stand-off-distance of 7.1124 mm, abrasive grain size of 275.755 µm, with estimated maximal material removal rate of 0.005 gm/s and minimal flaring diameter of 6.382 mm. The methodology described here is expected to be highly beneficial to manufacturing industries.
Manufacture of die and their designing parameters for sintered AMC product
Authors: Behera Rajesh Kumar , Samal Birajendu Prasad , Panigrahi Sarat Chandra
Published: March 2020

The main goal in the advancement of composites with an aluminum metal matrix is to provide high performance and better mechanical properties from the currently available materials. Aluminium metal composite (AMC) can be researched and used in many industrial applications, such as manufacturing, aerospace, defense, pipelines and the automotive industry. The production of AMC is only possible with help of a suitable die in solid route of powder metallurgy process. Thus, the design of die is most important step in the process of powder metallurgy. The shape, size and design of the die directly influence the final AMC product. A number of steps and considerations like stress concentration and the propagation of cracks should be made for designing the die before its manufacture. The present work is made to attempt the fabrication and design of a cold compaction die with EN 10083 steel used for powder metallurgy process.
CT Scan in the Prediction of Lymph Node Involvement in Ovarian Cancer – a Retrospective Analysis of a Tertiary Gyneco-Oncological Unit
Authors: Widschwendter Peter , Blersch Alexandra , Friedl Thomas W. P. , Janni Wolfgang , Kloth Christopher , de Gregorio Amelie , de Gregorio Niko
Published: March 2020

Background The prognostic value of lymph node removal in ovarian cancer varies depending on the tumor stage. While in the advanced stage the removal of clinically normal lymph nodes does not improve the prognosis, this is still unclear in the early stages. Evaluation of the lymph nodes based on preoperative imaging influences the surgical procedure.

Methods This retrospective analysis was performed by analyzing data from 114 patients with ovarian cancer, treated in our university hospital in the years 2000 – 2012. Diagnostic performance of imaging by computer tomography with respect to the correct prediction of lymph node status was analyzed in terms of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value.

Results Imaging by computer tomography showed a rather limited diagnostic performance with regard to the detection of lymph node metastases in ovarian cancer, with a sensitivity of 40.7%, a specificity of 89.1%, a positive predictive value of 80.0%, and a negative predictive value of 58.3%. A separate analysis for pelvic and paraaortic lymph node involvement showed a better diagnostic performance of computer tomography for the detection of positive paraaortic lymph nodes (41.2, 93.1, 84.0, and 64.3% for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value, respectively) as compared to the detection of positive pelvic lymph nodes (25.6, 91.8, 62.5, and 69.8%).

Conclusion The preoperative prediction of lymph node status by computer tomography is limited. A decision for or against lymphadenectomy should not be made solely on the basis of this approach.
Patient-Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation (PRTEE)
Authors: Marks Miriam , Rickenbacher Dominik , Audigé Laurent , Glanzmann Michael C.
Published: March 2020

Background The Patient-Rated Tennis Elbow Evaluation questionnaire (PRTEE) is a specific questionnaire available for assessing the health status of patients with lateral epicondylitis. An official German translation does not yet exist.

Objectives The aim of this study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the English version of the PRTEE into German.

Material and Methods The translation and cross-cultural adaptation was completed by an expert committee comprising people of varying professional and linguistic backgrounds. According to international guidelines, the English original was first translated into German, then back-translated and the final version was pre-tested on patients.

Results No major difficulties were encountered during the translation process and smaller linguistic discrepancies could be resolved in the expert committee. For the pre-validation testing, 11 patients with extensor repair due to persistent lateral epicondylitis were included. They rated the questionnaire as easy to understand and complete. The final version was approved by the developers of the original questionnaire as the official German translation.

Conclusions Although the measurement properties of the German version were not evaluated in this study, the original shows good reliability, validity and responsiveness. In summary, the PRTEE is a questionnaire quick and easy to complete for patients with lateral epicondylitis. Therefore, it is suitable for the clinical routine assessment of subjective health status or the outcome after an intervention.
Discuss Many to Benefit More – Fünf-Jahres-Analyse eines interdisziplinären Aortenkolloquium
Authors: Meisenbacher Katrin , Geis Uwe , Kauczor Hans-Ulrich , Karck Matthias , Boeckler Dittmar , Bischoff Moritz S.
Published: March 2020

Hintergrund Interdisziplinäre Aortenkolloquien (iAK) gelten als wertvolle Instrumente in der Konzepterstellung für die Therapie aortaler Pathologien im Bereich der Krankenhausmaximalversorgung. Ziel der Arbeit ist die Evaluation eines universitären iAK (Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg; beteiligte Kliniken: Gefäßchirurgie und Endovaskuläre Chirurgie [GCH]/Kardiochirurgie [KCH]/Radiologie) unter den Gesichtspunkten Gesamtpatientenvolumen, fachspezifische Vorstellungen, konservativer/operativer Therapieentscheid und interdisziplinäre fachrichtungswechselnde Therapieallokation (GCK nach KCH und vice versa).

Methodik Es erfolgte eine retrospektive monozentrische Datenerfassung aller im iAK vorgestellten Patienten im Zeitraum 01/2014 – 12/2018.

Ergebnisse Insgesamt wurden in 5 Jahren 344 Patienten (Median: 71 Patienten/Jahr) im iAK evaluiert. Davon wurden 262 von der GCH (76%), 63 von der KCH (18%) und 19 (6%) von anderen Disziplinen vorgestellt. Bei 153 von 344 Patienten (45%) wurde eine OP-Indikation gestellt. Entsprechend erfolgte eine konservative Therapieempfehlung in 191 von 344 Fällen (55%). In den Fällen mit gestellter OP-Indikation handelte es sich in 117 von 153 (76%) um originär GCH-geführte, in 29 von 153 (19%) um originär KCH-geführte und in 7/153 (5%) um anderweitig geführte Patienten. Eingriffe aus dem Fachbereich GCH wurden in 85/153 Fällen (55%) indiziert, davon entfielen 25% (22/85) auf fachfremde Patienten. Eingriffe aus dem Fachbereich KCH wurden in 68/153 Fällen (45%) indiziert. Der Anteil der fachrichtungswechselnden Therapieallokation betrug hier 84% (57/68). In 59 von 153 Fällen (39%) erfolgte die im iAK indizierte Therapie nicht.

Schlussfolgerung Die Frequentierung des iAK zeigt sich über die Jahre konstant. Nicht zuletzt aufgrund der ambulanten Präsenz des Faches stellt die GCH den größten Teil der evaluierten Patienten. Die hohe Rate an konservativen Therapieentscheiden unterstreicht die Verantwortung/Selektionsaufgabe eines iAK. In Bezug auf die gestellten OP-Indikationen zeigt die vergleichbare relative Verteilung auf GCH/KCH eine gute Interdisziplinarität. Die hohe Rate fachfremder Fälle im Indikationsvolumen der KCH spiegelt den nach wie vor hohen Stellenwert des Faches wider. Kritisch zu hinterfragen ist die Effizienz des iAK in Bezug auf die tatsächliche Umsetzung der gestellten OP-Indikationen.
Auditoria clinica do tratamento primário de fraturas expostas: Tratamento antimicrobiano e profilaxia antitetânica
Authors: Assunção Adriana Lúcia Ferris de , Oliveira de Sílvia Teodoro
Published: March 2020

Objetivo Avaliar se as condutas envolvendo o tratamento antimicrobiano e a profilaxia contra o tétano têm sido realizadas conforme o Protocolo Clínico da Instituição.

Métodos Estudo descritivo e retrospectivo, realizado em pacientes de ambos os gêneros, > 18 anos, admitidos em um hospital público estadual especializado em urgência e trauma, para tratamento primário de fratura exposta. Os dados de interesse foram pesquisados em prontuários médicos, prescrições de medicamentos, relatórios de pacientes admitidos no Bloco Cirúrgico e solicitações de profilaxia antitetânica.

Resultados Foram selecionados 241 pacientes, a maioria homens (81,7%), adultos jovens (64,3%), vítimas de acidentes motociclísticos (53,5%). As complicações infecciosas estiveram presentes em 18,7% das fraturas, o tempo médio para a abordagem cirúrgica foi de 4 horas e 12 minutos, e 91,7% dos pacientes tiveram prescrição do tratamento antimicrobiano no pré-operatório. As principais inadequações identificadas foram: período de prescrição do tratamento antimicrobiano (63,5%); escolha do esquema de antimicrobianos (59,3%) e dose dos antimicrobianos (58,0%). Apenas 14,1% dos pacientes foram imunizados contra o tétano.

Conclusão As maiores divergências com o Protocolo Clínico foram observadas nas questões envolvendo o esquema de antimicrobianos utilizados, doses e tempo de prescrição, bem como na profilaxia antitetânica.
Role of Four Layer Compression Dressings in Management of Chronic Venous Ulcers
Authors: Luthra Luv , Prasad Rajendra , Kumar Ranjith , Mitta Nivedita , Varghese Tinku
Published: March 2020

Introduction Nonhealing venous ulcers are one of the most common forms of lower extremity ulcers in the present population. It is cumbersome to treat and is associated with high-morbidity and immense treatment expenses. The current treatments include compression therapy. Four-layer compression dressings have proven to be an effective treatment for venous ulcers.

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of four-layer compression dressings and to study the rate of healing and duration of treatment with four-layer compression dressings.

Materials and Methods A prospective randomized study conducted at MS Ramaiah Medical college which included 70 patients who completed the course of weekly dressings depending on the size of ulcer. The regular four-layer dressings were done by a trained podiatrist in vascular outpatient department (OPD) once a week. The area of the ulcer was calculated using the modified Gilmen formula.

Results A total of 70 patients who were compliant with the treatment were included in the study. A considerable percentage (74%) of patients were male and all the ulcers were located at the gaiter area. Most belonged to the age group between 41 to 50 years (25%). The healing rate of ulcers at the end of 4, 8 and 12 weeks were 46.87, 28.12, and 25%, respectively. At the end of 12 weeks, all the ulcers healed.
Smallpox inoculation: translation, transference and transformation
Authors: Eriksen Anne
Published: March 2020

In the early decades of the eighteenth century, small pox inoculation was introduced into northern Europe from the Middle East. The method consisted of grafting infected matter from a person who suffered from smallpox into the arm of one who had not yet been attacked by the disease. The operation usually caused a mild case of illness and protected against further attacks. A series of translations and transformations was involved in the introduction of this new medical treatment. Linguistic and other translational shifts took place. The present article investigates four texts that introduced the new practice to readers in northern Europe, all published in London in the period 1714−1722. Starting out from the general point that translation always will create something new, the article develops the notion of translational bridges: to get the message through, the translator must employ devices or ‘dispositifs’ that connect the source text to the receiving end of the process. Translational bridges make it possible to convey a message across gulfs of potential misunderstandings, non-intellegibility, and chaos. The article shows that the bridge can be made in different ways and make use of different means. The more efficiently this bridge eases the passage of the message, however, the more easily additional meanings will slip over as well. Inoculation was a way of protecting people from a common and often fatal disease. The translations explored in the article show how it also involved issues of gender, religion, social position and ethnicity.
Controlling spatiotemporal nonlinearities in multimode fibers with deep neural networks
Authors: Teğin U. , Rahmani B. , Kakkava E. , Borhani N. , Moser C. , Psaltis D.
Published: March 2020

Spatiotemporal nonlinear interactions in multimode fibers are of interest for beam shaping and frequency conversion by exploiting the nonlinear interaction of different pump modes from quasi-continuous wave to ultrashort pulses centered around visible to infrared pump wavelengths. The nonlinear effects in multi-mode fibers depend strongly on the excitation condition; however, relatively little work has been reported on this subject. Here, we present a machine learning approach to learn and control nonlinear frequency conversion inside multimode fibers. We experimentally show that the spectrum of the light at the output of the fiber can be tailored by a trained deep neural network. The network was trained with experimental data to learn the relation between the input spatial beam profile of the pump pulse and the spectrum of the light at the output of the multimode fiber. For a user-defined target spectrum, the network computes the spatial beam profile to be applied at the input of the fiber. The physical processes involved in the creation of new optical frequencies are cascaded stimulated Raman scattering as well as supercontinuum generation. We show experimentally that these processes are very sensitive to the spatial shape of the excitation and that a deep neural network is able to learn the relation between the spatial excitation at the input and the spectrum at its output. The method is limited to spectral shapes within the achievable nonlinear effects supported by the test setup, but the demonstrated method can be implemented to learn and control other spatiotemporal nonlinear effects.
Older adults’ evaluations of the standard and modified pedometer-based Green Prescription
Authors: Patel Asmita , Schofield Grant M. , Kolt Gregory S. , Keogh Justin W. L.
Published: March 2020

ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTIONThe Green Prescription is a primary care programme designed to increase physical activity in individuals with low activity levels. Older adults tend to engage in insufficient physical activity to obtain health-related gain.
AIMTo examine participants’ ratings of the Healthy Steps intervention and to assess how participants rated the use of a pedometer-based Green Prescription in aiding their physical activity.
METHODSIn total, 330 community-dwelling older adults who have low levels of activity were randomised to receive either a standard time-based Green Prescription or a modified pedometer-based Green Prescription. Post-intervention, 259 participants completed the participant evaluation questionnaire via postal survey. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Chi-squared analyses.
RESULTSThe standard components of the Green Prescription (general practitioner consultations and telephone counselling) received similar and higher ratings across both allocation groups than the use of print materials. A pedometer-based Green Prescription was rated as being helpful in aiding physical activity.
DISCUSSIONThis study supports the importance of general practitioners’ initial role in prescribing physical activity for older adults and of ongoing telephone support for longer-term adherence. Incorporating a pedometer can be effective in helping low-active older adults initiate and maintain regular physical activity.
Transforming the wetland conservation system in China
Authors: Guo Ziliang , Liu Weiwei , Zhang Manyin , Zhang Yuguang , Li Xiaoyu
Published: March 2020

Wetland conservation has gradually improved worldwide. In situ conservation is effective in protecting valuable wetlands. Here, we review the expansion, reformation and problems associated with wetland conservation in China. The wetland conservation system in China comprises a wetland protected area network (nature reserves, wetland parks, urban wetland parks, aquatic germplasm reserves and special marine reserves) and a wetland grading system. Following rapid expansion, national wetland protected areas cover 4.78% of the country. At the same time, a wetland grading system that categorises the importance of wetlands has expanded to 13 provinces. However, reforming wetlands, including improving the role of wetlands, adjusting departmental responsibility, reforming conservation systems and implementing comprehensive wetland conservation regimes, is somewhat arduous and complicated at present. Although these changes have contributed to wetland conservation in China, the wetland conservation system still faces considerable problems because of a lack of uniform and efficient regulations. Management functions and spatial scope overlap in different systems, and there is a disconnect between resource management and law enforcement. A unified legal system and wetland identity cards should be established, with stronger law enforcement. Synergy between wetland conservation systems should improve, innovative wetland conservation mechanisms should be used and better coordination among different protection systems is needed.
Water‐based exercises in postmenopausal women: Vertical ground reaction force and oxygen uptake responses
Authors: Alberton Cristine Lima , Zaffari Paula , Pinto Stephanie Santana , Reichert Thais , Bagatini Natália. Carvalho , Kanitz Ana Carolina , Almada Bruna Pereira , Kruel Luiz Fernando Martins
Published: March 2020

The purpose of the present study was to analyse vertical ground reaction force (Fz) and oxygen uptake (VO2) responses in six different water‐based exercises performed at different cadences by postmenopausal women. Twelve postmenopausal women (57.3 ± 2.6 years, 158.1 ± 6.9 cm, 69.1 ± 10.9 kg) voluntarily took part in the study. Participants completed six sessions corresponding to maximal tests for each water‐based exercise. Then, two sessions were performed for the experimental protocols, which comprised the performance of three exercises at three cadences (80, 100 and 120 b min−1), with Fz and VO2 measurements. Peak (Fzpeak) and impulse of Fz were determined. In addition, VO2 percentages relative to maximal VO2 (VO2max) values obtained in each maximal test were expressed as %VO2max. Data were analysed using two‐way ANOVA with repeated measures (α = 0.05). As results, significant differences were found in Fzpeak and impulse between the water‐based exercises, with similar VO2 and %VO2max values between them for each cadence. In addition, with the increasing cadence, Fzpeak (0.20–0.80 BW), VO2 (5.3–9.4 ml kg− 1 min− 1) and %VO2max (32.1–57.6%) values increased, while impulse (0.20–0.07 N.s/BW) values were reduced. Therefore, for a same physiological intensity, postmenopausal women experience different Fz loads during different water‐based exercises.
Entanglement transmission through dense scattering medium
Authors: Huang Peng , Zeng Guihua
Published: March 2020

Scattering effects are ubiquitous in practical wireless optical links. Here a transmission model with complete consideration of scattered light and beam wandering effects for underwater link is developed, with the aim to completely characterize the received quantum state of light through dense scattering medium. Based on this model, we show the influence of scattered photons on the improvement of the entanglement after transmission through turbid water may vary for different copropagation scenarios, i.e., the contribution of scattered light on entanglement transmission may be turned from positive to negative, with increase of the strength of underwater beam wandering. And the attenuation coefficient and aperture size are found to be the dominant factors affecting the entanglement through underwater link. While for the counterpropagation scenario, the scattered photons will severely deteriorate the entanglement transmission especially for the high-loss scattering links. These findings may shed light on quantum entanglement transmission and help to develop its applications through dense scattering medium.
A dynamical symmetry triad in high-harmonic generation revealed by attosecond recollision control
Authors: Zayko Sergey , Kfir Ofer , Bordo Eliyahu , Fleischer Avner , Cohen Oren , Ropers Claus
Published: March 2020

A key element of optical spectroscopy is the link between observable selection rules and the underlying symmetries of an investigated physical system. Typically, selection rules directly relate to the sample properties probed by light, yielding information on crystalline structure or chirality, for example. Considering light-matter coupling more broadly may extend the scope of detectable symmetries, to also include those directly arising from the interaction. In this letter, we experimentally demonstrate an emerging class of symmetries in the electromagnetic field emitted by a strongly driven atomic system. Specifically, generating high-harmonic radiation with attosecond-controlled two-color fields, we find different sets of allowed and forbidden harmonic orders. Generalizing symmetry considerations of circularly polarized high-harmonic generation, we interpret these selection rules as a complete triad of dynamical symmetries. We expect such emergent symmetries also for multi-atomic and condensed-matter systems, encoded in the spectral and spatial features of the radiation field. Notably, the observed phenomenon gives robust access to chiral processes with few-attosecond time precision.
Science case for the Einstein telescope
Authors: Maggiore Michele , Broeck Chris Van Den , Bartolo Nicola , Belgacem Enis , Bertacca Daniele , Bizouard Marie Anne , Branchesi Marica , Clesse Sebastien , Foffa Stefano , García-Bellido Juan , Grimm Stefan , Harms Jan , Hinderer Tanja , Matarrese Sabino , Palomba Cristiano , Peloso Marco , Ricciardone Angelo , Sakellariadou Mairi
Published: March 2020

The Einstein Telescope (ET), a proposed European ground-based gravitational-wave detector of third-generation, is an evolution of second-generation detectors such as Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo, and KAGRA which could be operating in the mid 2030s. ET will explore the universe with gravitational waves up to cosmological distances. We discuss its main scientific objectives and its potential for discoveries in astrophysics, cosmology and fundamental physics.
Relevance of the integrated information management system as a subject of management of the national cyber security sector of Ukraine. The synergetic concept
Authors: Slipachuk Lada
Published: March 2020

The paper presents and solves the scientific problem of the study of relevance of the information technology – the Integrated Information Management System for the national cyber security sector. It highlights and presents the synergistic concept of substantiation of the relevance and need for the Integrated Information Management System in the national cyber security sector, due to its synergetic effect as a new level of development and perfection of the National Cyber Security System through the integration of the Integrated Management System into the comprehensive National Cyber Security System. It presents a generalized model of integration of the Information Management System of the national cyber security sector into the comprehensive structure of the National Cyber Security System.
Real Time Embedded Target Detection and Warning
System
Authors: Fiyad H. M. N. , Metwally H. M. B. , El-Hameed M. A. , Abozied Mohammed A. H. , Naguib Fiyad Hatem Mohammed
Published: March 2020

This paper presents the design and implementation of target detection, tracking
and warning system. The proposed framework detects and warns about stationary
and moving targets. The function of the implemented frame work is to extract
specified targets features from specific offline video file or an online video
streaming form a Universal Serial Port (USB) camera. A weighted gain filter is
utilized for noise cancelation which efficiently enhances the image quality and
then improves the detection process. A series of experiments for stationary and
moving targets for an online video streaming are carried out on personal
computer to evaluate proposed system efficiency. The proposed system efficiently
detected and warned about stationary and moving objects in the presence of
object occlusion and utilizing low cost USB camera. The potential of the
proposed system lies on its simplicity, minimized cost and the software is
designed and implemented using python language to be integrated with the USB
camera on an embedded board or personal computer for wide range of
applications.
Active Reading for Intercomprehension between Sinogramic Languages
Authors: Mazodier Pierric , Mangeot Mathieu , Bellynck Valerie , Goudin Yoann
Published: March 2020

In the domain of e-learning for a linguistic field, active reading interfaces are useful tools for learning new languages. For a learner of a given language, the goal is to assist in knowledge development in other known languages, in order to enhance their learning. An active reading program enriches the understanding of the input sentence in different ways, such as adding the pronunciation of each word or displaying a definition or a translation taken from a dictionary. By the process of analogy, the users would then be able to synthesize the information and produce themselves a translation that would be, at their convenience, both syntactically and semantically appropriate. We propose two new features for an active reading interface that aims to help in the understanding of Sinogramic languages. We focus on Japanese and Mandarin languages. The first feature identifies the reading (on’yomi, kun’yomi…) of the sinograms; the second feature displays, for certain words of the input text, their equivalent in another language that is etymologically close to the source one. In our case, the words with on’yomi reading will be associated with their Mandarin equivalents, in their Pïnyïn form. This tool can be useful for learners of Japanese with some knowledge of Mandarin or the contrary.
Analysis of the relation between glucose concentration in water and resonant frequency using the resonance model
Authors: Akbar M A , Rianto S , Sakti S P
Published: March 2020

Any material specifically has an electric and magnetic property which can be expressed in term of its permeability and permittivity values. Liquid material has some electrical properties such as permeability and permittivity. In a certain configuration, the values are presented in a form of capacitance and inductance value. In this study, we developed a liquid impedance measurement system using RLC model to measure the existence of a glucose concentration in water. The RLC model can show the resonant frequency value of the analyte which is affected by the capacitance and inductance values. We found that the higher concentration gave higher resonance frequency. The parallel resonance frequency of the system is nonlinearly related to the glucose concentration. The series resonance frequency of the system increased by 22.4 kHz per 1% glucose concentration.
On resolving domination number of special family of graphs
Authors: Wangguway Y , Slamin  , Dafik  , Wardani D A R , Alfarisi R
Published: March 2020

Let G be a simple, finite, and connected graph. A dominating set D is a set of vertices such that each vertex of G is either in D or has at least one neighbor in D. The minimum cardinality of such a set is called the domination number of G, denoted by γ(G). For an ordered set W = {w
1, w
2, …, wk
} of vertices and a vertex v in a connected graph G, the metric representation of v with respect to W is the k-vector r(v|W ) = (d(v, w
1), d(v, w
2), …, d(v, wk
)), where d(x, y) represents the distance between the vertices x and y. The set W is a resolving set for G if distinct vertices of G have distinct representations with respect to W. A resolving set of minimum cardinality is called a minimum resolving set or a basis and the cardinality of a basis for G, denoted by dim(G). A resolving domination number, denoted by γr
(G), is the minimum cardinality of the resolving dominating set. In this paper, we study the existence of resolving domination number of special graph and its line graph L(G), middle graph M(G), total graph T(G), and central graph C(G) of Star graph and fan graph. We have found the minimum cardinality of those special graphs.
Time series of mathematics education program, FKIP university of jember enthusiast through exponential smoothing method
Authors: Setiawani S , Fatahillah A , Lailani P
Published: March 2020

The purpose of this research was to discuss the implementation of exponential smoothing methods in predicting the number of Mathematics Education Study Program enthusiasts, FKIP University of Jember based on entrance exam. The methodology of the exponential smoothing forecasting method were sketching the time series plot, identifying the model, selecting the best model and forecasting. The accuracy of the estimation results could be seen from the smallest MAPE value. The results of this research showed that the forecasting results were close to the actual data because the MAPE value obtained in this research respectively are close to criteria good or quite good. As a result it can be concluded that forecasting with the exponential smoothing method in predicting the number of Mathematics Education Study Program enthusiasts, FKIP University of Jember had good accuracy since MAPE on ten percent to twenty percent, and had quite good accuracy since MAPE on twenty percent to fifty percent.
An analysis of students’ written mathematical communication in learning limits of functions through dependent field and independent field cognitive style at the eleventh grade of SMAN 1 Surakarta
Authors: Hayati S N , Sujatmiko P , Kurniawati I
Published: March 2020

This paper aims to describe students’ written mathematical communication through a dependent field (DF) and independent field (IF) cognitive style in limits of functions material at the eleventh grade of SMA Negeri 1 Surakarta in the academic year of 2018/2019. Students of XI MIPA 7 and XI MIPA 8 were involved in this study. By using a descriptive qualitative approach, the data were analyzed to observe students’ levels in written mathematical communication. The data were obtained by a written test. The triangulation of time was adopted to validate the data. Meanwhile, analysis techniques derived from Miles and Huberman were applied to analyze the data. The indicators of written mathematical communication were categorized into four indicators. The levels of that were also divided into four levels. The findings indicated that cognitive style affects students’ level in written mathematical communication. The majority of students with DF cognitive styles are in level I or II. Oppositely, those with IF cognitive style, the level of written mathematical communication are varied in each indicator.
The analysis of metacognitive skills and creative thinking skills in STEM education at senior high school for biotechnology
Authors: Kustiana  , Suratno  , Wahyuni D
Published: March 2020

Biotechnology material will be more meaningful if done with practice. STEM education in improving student skills and is very suitable when collaborated with biotechnology materials. This study aims to analyze the metacognitive skills and creative thinking of students at STEM education in senior high school. The analysis in this paper uses descriptive analysis using mix method analysis. The sample in this study was 150 senior high school students. Data was collected using questionnaires and observations. Data collection techniques of creative thinking using observation with five assessment instrument that is inquisitive, imaginative, persistent, collaborative, and disciplined and metacognitive skills use the MAI (Metacognitive Awareness Inventory) questionnaire test. The result showed the metacognitive skills with STEM education increases in good categories with an average of 73,5. The highest students’ creative thinking skills are persistent at 63,33% and the lowest was inquisitive 56,58%.
Creative thinking level of visual-spatial students on geometry HOTS problems
Authors: Aini A N , Mukhlis M , Annizar A M , Jakaria M H D , Septiadi D D
Published: March 2020

The objective of this study is to describe student’s creative thinking level. Creative thinking is a mental activity to find a new idea or a variety of solutions. The criteria for creative thinking are fluency, flexibility, and novelty. The subjects were eleventh grade students who had visual- spatial intelligence. The level of creative thinking analyzed based on components of creative thinking that the subject met on geometry HOTS problems. Students are given a questionnaire to find out their type of intelligence. Then, students are given open-ended questions. Based on the analysis of students answer, visual-spatial students show a higher level of creative thinking. This indicates that visual-spatial students have better creative thinking skills in learning mathematics, especially on geometry.
An analysis of the students’ anxiety in solving creative thinking problem on geometry according to van hiele’s theory
Authors: Rohmah F N , Sunardi  , Irvan M , Hobri  , Dewi A K
Published: March 2020

This research aimed at describing the students’ anxiety in solving the creative thinking problem in geometry according to Van Hiele’s theory. This is a descriptive research with qualitative approach. The data were collected by using test, observation, and interview methods. The subjects of the research were 249 VIIIth grade students of SMP Negeri 1 Cluring. The subjects were selected by using classification test of Van Hiele’s level. The results of this research showed that the students of visualization level were at the level of creative thinking (TKBK) 3 or creative level and showed the anxiety symptoms in the components of psychological and physiological. The students of analysis level were at the level of creative thinking (TKBK) 3 or creative level and showed the anxiety symptoms in the components of psychological and physiological. The students of informal deduction level were at the level of creative thinking (TKBK) 4 or very creative level and showed the anxiety symptoms in the components of psychological.