bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis de la contaminación ambiental usando técnicas de teledetección y análisis de componentes principales
Authors: Tello-Cifuentes Lizette , Díaz-Paz Jean P.
Published: February 2021

En los últimos años, uno de los principales problemas en Colombia es la contaminación ambiental debido al crecimiento de la población y la industrialización. La contaminación afecta a las grandes ciudades, perjudicando el medio ambiente y la salud humana. Es por ello que se presenta una metodología para el análisis de la contaminación ambiental en Medellín, usando técnicas de percepción remota, imágenes Landsat 7 y 8 y variables de calidad del aire. La metodología está compuesta por cuatro etapas: i. Preprocesamiento de imágenes, ii. Procesamiento de imágenes, cálculo de los índices de temperatura de la superficie (TS), índice de vegetación normalizado (NDVI), índice de vegetación ajustado al suelo transformado (TSAVI), índice de diferencia normalizada del agua (NDWI) y el índice normalizado del suelo (NSI), iii. Interpolación de variables de calidad del aire, Material Particulado (PM10), Material Particulado (PM2.5), Dióxido de Nitrógeno (NO2) y Ozono (O3); y, iv. Análisis de componentes principales. A partir de las técnicas aplicadas combinadas con la estimación del primer componente principal, el cual contenía el 90 % de variación de la información, se obtuvo un mapa de calidad ambiental que permitió identificar que los focos de contaminación se presentan en sectores con poca cobertura de vegetación, gran cantidad de construcciones y gran flujo vehicular. Por otro lado, las zonas con calidad de aire bueno son sectores que presentan una mayor cobertura de vegetación, por lo general ubicados en los extremos de la ciudad y de estrato socioeconómico 4, 5 y 6. Este mapa puede ser insumo en la oportuna toma de decisiones en cuanto a la planificación urbana, ya que permite la pronta intervención en las zonas donde la calidad ambiental es deficiente.
Mobning som (mod)magt – En foucauldiansk analyse af humoristiske krænkende handlinger i hospitalsarbejde
Authors: Mortensen Mille , Du Plessis Erik Mygind
Published: February 2021

Denne artikel undersøger en systematisk og allestedsnærværende humoristiskog drillende omgangsform blandt læger og sygeplejersker på Rigshospitalet,der defineres som mobning. Med afsæt i Michel Foucaults konceptualiseringeraf magt, modmagt og agonisme belyses, hvordan de humoristiskekrænkende drillerier emergerer i mødet mellem et lægefagligt ideal om ufejlbarlighedog en formel stram styring af arbejdet med det formål, at de ansattekan ventilere frustrationer over fejlbarlige ansatte og urimelige arbejdsvilkårpå ’forbudte’, anti-autoritære måder. Vi argumenterer således for, at mobningenkan forstås som ’funktionel’, fordi den regulerer et komplekst agonistisksamspil mellem den formelle styring af hospitalsarbejde samt en udbredt lægefagligsubjektivering, hvor fejl og inkompetence betragtes som illegitimt,tabuiseret og skamfuldt.
Validation of a green spectrophotometric method for the determination of dropropizine in commercial oral solutions
Authors: Monsores Millena Almeida , Caet Mikaelly Pereira , Machado Anna Karolina Mouzer , Nemitz Marina Cardoso , Todeschini Vítor , Sangoi Maximiliano Da Silva
Published: February 2021

The present work describes a first-order derivative spectrophotometric (1D-UV) method for determination of dropropizine in commercial oral solutions. The method was developed using ecologically correct solvents and validated according to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) recommendations. The response was linear in the concentration range of 6–24 μg/mL (r = 0.9997, n = 7) at wavelength 249 nm, which was the zero crossing point of excipient solutions. The detection and quantitation limits were 0.36 and 1.18 μg/mL, respectively. The method showed adequate precision, with a relative standard deviation values lower than 1.41%. Excellent values of accuracy were obtained, with a mean value of 99.44%. The method proved to be robust by a full factorial design evaluation. It is simple, it has low cost, and it has low use of polluting reagents. Minimum environmental hazards observed and the results obtained attest to the reliability of the proposed green method, showing to be specific, linear, precise, accurate and robust. Thus, the validated 1D-UV spectrophotometric method was successfully applied to the quantitative analysis of dropropizine in oral solutions dosage forms, helping to improve quality control and to assure therapeutic efficacy.
Successful management of fetal atrial flutter at term pregnancy with postnatal electrocardioversion.
Authors: Igbokwe Nnadozie , Ibrahim Asha Firzana , Mutalab Samy , Cleland Oonagh
Published: February 2021

Fetal Atrial flutter (AF) is an uncommon condition accounting for about
30% of all fetal tachyarrhythmias. It is associated with structural
heart anomalies and hydrops, with 10% fetal mortality rate. This case
demonstrates a successfully managed atrial flutter at term with
postnatal electrocardioversion using multidisciplinary team approach.
Entgrenzte Körper. Zur Möglichkeit einer Politik affirmativ geteilter Vulnerabilität
Authors: Gassner Sonja
Published: February 2021

Angesichts des Ausbruchs der Corona-Pandemie erfährt Foucaults Konzept der Biopolitik eine verstärkte Aufmerksamkeit innerhalb der politisch- philosophischen Debatten. So lässt sich in Rückgriff auf Foucaults Analyse einer sich seit dem 17. Jh. durchsetzenden „Lebensmacht“ nicht nur zeigen, inwiefern Maßnahmen zum Schutz der Bevölkerung vor einem neuartigen Virus Leben erhalten. Foucaults Beschreibung des Rassismus liefert auch einen ersten Analyseansatz, um die differenzielle Bestimmung von schützenswertem Leben zu problematisieren. Gilt es darüber hinausgehend zu verstehen, durch und innerhalb welcher je spezifischen Rahmendispositive biopolitische Logiken operieren und wie es möglich wird, rassistischen Kalkülen zu widerstehen, stellen Judith Butlers und Donna Haraways Reflexionen über Körperlichkeit, Immunität und Vulnerabilität eine entscheidende Erweiterung dar. Der Beitrag geht der Frage nach, welche Implikationen biopolitische Strategien angesichts einer globalen Gesundheitskrise haben, und versucht davon ausgehend, eine andere Form der Politik zu denken, die auf eine wechselseitige Verbundenheit bzw. Interdependenz und die daraus resultierende Vulnerabilität als geteilte Bedingung allen (menschlichen) Lebens reflektiert. Eine solche Politik bezieht sich nicht auf „das Leben selbst“, sondern auf die ökologischen und sozialen Beziehungen, die ein lebbares Leben erst ermöglichen.
Characterization of microcrystalline cellulose extracted from walnut and apricots shells by alkaline treatment
Authors: Mahmoud Yasmine , Safidine Zitouni , Belhaneche-Bensemra Naima
Published: February 2021

In this study, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was isolated from walnut and apricot shells (WS and AS) as agricultural wastes in order to use it as reinforcement in polymer composites. The microcrystalline cellulose was extracted by alkaline treatment and bleached by peroxide as an environmentally friendly treatment, called walnut cellulose (WC) and apricot cellulose (AC). The chemical composition of the samples was set according to the Technical Association of Pulp and Paper Industry (TAPP). After treatments, the alpha-cellulose content increased by about 23 % for the two used cellulose sources. The structural and morphological properties of the samples were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in the attenuated total reflectance mode (ATR-FTIR), optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The crystallinity index values evaluated for WC and AC via X-ray diffraction were 86.4 and 80.3 %, respectively. The alkaline soluble fractions of walnut (ASW) and apricot (ASA) shells were recovered and characterized by OM and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. Furthermore, their chemical composition was analyzed. The characterization and the properties of the WC and AC were similar to those of commercial MCC and MCC prepared in the literature from wood and some agricultural wastes.
Cell-Subtype-Specific Remodeling of Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Mice
Authors: Chen Wei-Yi , Han Xu , Cui Ling-Jie , Yu Chen-Xi , Sheng Wen-Long , Yu Jun , Yuan Fei , Zhong Yong-Mei , Yang Xiong-Li , Weng Shi-Jun
Published: February 2021

Recent evidence suggests that melanopsin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), a neuronal class regulating non-image forming (NIF) vision and generally thought to be injury resistant, are dysfunctional in certain neurodegenerative diseases. Although disrupted NIF visual functions have been reported in patients and animals with diabetes, it remains controversial whether ipRGCs exhibit remodeling during diabetes and if so, whether such remodeling is variable among ipRGC subtypes. Here, we demonstrate that survival, soma-dendritic profiles, and melanopsin-based functional activity of M1 ipRGCs were unaltered in streptozotocin-induced 3-month diabetic mice. Such resistance remained at 6 months after streptozotocin administration. In contrast, M2/M3 ipRGCs underwent significant remodeling in diabetic mice, manifested by enlarged somata and increased dendritic branching complexity. Consistent with the unaltered melanopsin levels, the sensitivity of melanopsin-based activity was unchanged in surviving M2 cells, but their response gain displayed a compensatory enhancement. Meanwhile, the pupillary light reflex, a NIF visual function controlled by M2 cells, was found to be impaired in diabetic animals. The resistance of M1 cells might be attributed to the adjacency of their dendrites to capillaries, which makes them less disturbed by the impaired retinal blood supply at the early stage of diabetes.
Thresholds of Glycemia and the Outcomes of COVID-19 Complicated With Diabetes: A Retrospective Exploratory Study Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring
Authors: Shen Yun , Fan Xiaohong , Zhang Lei , Wang Yaxin , Li Cheng , Lu Jingyi , Zha Bingbing , Wu Yueyue , Chen Xiaohua , Zhou Jian , Jia Weiping
Published: February 2021

OBJECTIVE

Although elevated glucose levels are reported to be associated with adverse outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the optimal range of glucose in patients with COVID-19 and diabetes remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the threshold of glycemia and its association with the outcomes of COVID-19.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Glucose levels were assessed through intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring in 35 patients for an average period of 10.2 days. The percentages of time above range (TAR), time below range (TBR), time in range (TIR), and coefficient of variation (CV) were calculated. Composite adverse outcomes were defined as either the need for admission to the intensive care unit, need for mechanical ventilation, or morbidity with critical illness.

RESULTS

TARs using thresholds from 160 to 200 mg/dL were significantly associated with composite adverse outcomes after adjustment of covariates. Both TBR (<70 mg/dL) and TIR (70–160 mg/dL), but not mean sensor glucose level, were significantly associated with composite adverse outcomes and prolonged hospitalization. The multivariate-adjusted odds ratios of the CV of sensor glucose across tertiles for composite adverse outcomes of COVID-19 were 1.00, 1.18, and 25.2, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS

Patients with diabetes and COVID-19 have an increased risk of adverse outcomes with glucose levels >160 mg/dL and <70 mg/dL and a high CV. Therapies that improve these metrics of glycemic control may result in better prognoses for these patients.
Ultrafast pulsed laser high precision micromachining of rotational symmetric parts
Authors: Gafner Markus , Kramer Thorsten , Remund Stefan M. , Holtz Ronald , Neuenschwander Beat
Published: February 2021

Ultrafast lasers are frequently used to machine rotational symmetric workpieces either with tangential processing for tools or with a helical gravure approach for structuring cylinders for printing and embossing applications. The highest precision and repeatability for seamless multilayer processing on the surface of a rotational symmetric workpiece can be achieved by synchronizing a galvo scanner and a rotatory axis with the seed of the used laser system. With this technology, a repeatability of better than ±1μm is kept for hundreds of revolutions as it will be demonstrated for applications such as tube cutting and structuring of small embossing rollers.
Enfermedad de Castleman, ION Solca Guayaquil. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Cedeño Ruiz Boris Alexis , Cedeño Ruíz Andrés , Villacís Margarita , Cabezas Peña Jazmín , Ocaña Coronel William
Published: February 2021

Introducción: la enfermedad de Castleman es un desorden raro de mal pronóstico, con compromiso de los ganglios linfáticos del cuerpo. Los sitios más comunes son el tórax, el abdomen y el cuello. Los sitios menos comunes incluyen las axilas, la pelvis y el páncreas. Los crecimientos representan generalmente la ampliación anormal de los ganglios linfáticos encontrados normalmente en estas áreas. Hay dos tipos principales de enfermedad de Castleman: tipo vascular hialino y de células plasmáticas. El tipo vascular hialino explica aproximadamente 90% de las causas. La mayoría de los individuos no exhiben ningún síntoma de esta forma del desorden (asintomático) o pueden desarrollar crecimientos no cancerosos en los nodos de linfa. El tipo de células plasmáticas de enfermedad de Castleman puede asociar a fiebre, pérdida del peso, erupción de piel, destrucción temprana de los eritrocitos, inusualmente anemia hemolítica e hipergammaglobulinemia.
Plastia y alargamiento de tendón rotuliano mediante alambre puente en rótula y cosecha autóloga de semitendinoso y gracilis. Reporte de caso clínico. Hospital policía no.2 de Guayaquil, febrero 2018
Authors: Grau Muñoz Carla Anabel , Sánchez Alarcón Xavier Luis , Véliz Fuentes Pablo Nicolás , Quillupangui Navarro Gonzalo
Published: February 2021

Las lesiones del tendón rotuliano son casos  poco frecuentes que suceden en su mayoría por lesiones traumáticas graves muchas veces apoyadas por factores concomitantes. Debido a ello, los resultados funcionales dependen de la calidad y la técnica  de intervención quirúrgica. Sin embargo, no se puede anticipar la evolución de los elementos anatómicos comprometidos, pero sí dar un control posoperatorio correcto. Se presenta un paciente masculino de 35 años sin antecedentes mórbidos, evaluado ambulatoriamente con rodilla  derecha en extensión 180º y flexión 0º como secuela postraumática e iatrogénica, con atrofia del cuádriceps femoral y dificultad para la marcha. Estudios imagenológicos evidenciaron hemiprótesis patello femoral, alambre rótula tibia, puente exostósico tibio rotuliano, tres alambres circulares en tubérculo anterior de la tibia. Se  diagnostica anquilosis postraumática de rodilla derecha. Se planifica técnica de Kelikian modificada (injerto autólogo de rodilla opuesta más cosecha de Gracillis y cerclaje de alambre transpatellar). A las 3 semanas del postoperatorio, se evidencia  45º de flexión y 180º de extensión en rodilla derecha. Se concluye que la técnica de Kelikian modificada es una alternativa quirúrgica óptima en pacientes con anquilosis postraumática de rodilla.
Testículo intraabdominal y su manejo laparoscópico: 4 años de experiencia en un centro único
Authors: Ocaña García Jorge , Gonzáles Navarro Juliors , Salinas Salinas Vicente , Ocaña Domínguez Jorge
Published: February 2021

Fundamento: el testículo no descendido se diagnostica desde el nacimiento o en las primeras consultas con el pediatra; se considera la malformación urogenital más frecuente en el varón. Cuando el testículo no puede palparse, debe consultarse a urología pediátrica y/o cirugía pediátrica, ya que esta condición puede acarrear las siguientes complicaciones: atrofia, torsión testicular, hernia inguinal sintomática o asintomática, y la posibilidad de que el defecto degenere hasta tejido neoplásico. Objetivo: evaluar el papel terapéutico de la laparoscopía en testículos no palpables en pacientes en el hospital de niños Dr. Roberto Gilbert E. en la ciudad de Guayaquil, Ecuador. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de prevalencia. Se identificaron 639 pacientes con testículos no descendidos y 37 de este grupo con testículo no palpable, 4 con afectación bilateral y 33 con testículos unilaterales impalpables que fueron manejados posteriormente por laparoscopía. Se documentaron detalles demográficos, lado del testículo impalpable, localización, hallazgos clínicos y laparoscópicos, hallazgos anatomopatológicos, intervención operativa y resultados. Resultados: la distribución del grupo etario en: < 1 año, 1 a 5 años, 6 a 10 años y >10 años; en los cuales se vieron afectados 3(8%), 18(49%), 11(30%) y 5(14%) pacientes respectivamente. En cuanto a la localización del testículo durante la valoración laparoscópica se encontraron 15(37%) a nivel del anillo inguinal interno y 26(63%) intrabdominales. La intervención operativa en base a los criterios previamente mencionados fueron 20(49%) orquidopexia sin sección de los vasos espermáticos, 11(27%) Fowler-Stephen y 10(24%) orquiectomías. Durante el análisis de la anatomía patológica se encontraron 7(17%) testículos evanescentes, 3(7%) atróficos, 5(12%) hipotróficos, 22(54%) hipoplásicos y 4(10%) normales. Por último, 2 (18%) de los 11 pacientes operados con técnica de Fowler-Stephen presentaron atrofia. Conclusión: la laparoscopía es una herramienta extremadamente útil y modalidad segura tanto para el diagnóstico como para la gestión de testículos no palpables. Además de ser un excelente indicador intraoperatorio para decidir sobre el tipo de orquidopexia en base a la localización del testículo y las características morfológicas que presente el mismo. En todos los casos, es necesario un seguimiento a largo plazo para controlar el estado del testículo después de la cirugía.
Salud y bienestar psicológico: violencia intrafamiliar y su influencia en la autoestima de los escolares. Región 5 Ecuador- 2014
Authors: Zambrano Villalba Carmen Graciela
Published: February 2021

Introducción: la violencia intrafamiliar, es un tipo de violencia relacional que afecta directamente en el desarrollo integral de los escolares. La niñez y adolescencia es una etapa de vulnerabilidad, que sumado a la incidencia de la violencia en el sistema familiar, afecta significativamente en la formación del autoestima, autoconcepto y desarrollo integral de la personalidad. La autoestima es el aprecio, consideración que uno tiene  de sí mismo, se forma por la percepción, pensamientos y sentimientos que surgen en el contacto relacional en el sistema familiar, escolar y social. Objetivos: describir la influencia de la violencia intrafamiliar en el  autoestima de los escolares de  10 a 14 años, desde el análisis del clima familiar con las subvariables: cohesión, expresividad, conflicto, apoyo, confianza y comunicación. Metodología: se realizó un estudio cuantitativo de tipo transversal, cuyos participantes fueron 13,776 escolares de básica superior de 106 instituciones educativas de la “región 5”, Ecuador. Se utilizó la Escala de Clima  Familiar  de Moos y Moos y el cuestionario de autoestima CARZAM III de Zambrano C., que permitieron obtener información relevante para el estudio por un lapso de 8 meses. Resultados: se determinó que el 88 % presentaron falta de apoyo en las relaciones interpersonales, 98 % falta de comunicación, 62 % de conflicto caracterizado por violencia física y psicológica de pareja, que afectó al desarrollo de la  autoestima de los escolares en 41%. Discusión: la violencia intrafamiliar influyó en el nivel de autoestima  de los niños y niñas  en la etapa escolar con  prevalencia de edad, género y nivel de escolaridad, caracterizado por niveles de desestima medio-bajo y bajo, con comportamientos relacionales conflictivos y violentos.
Use of administrative record linkage to measure medical and social risk factors for early developmental vulnerability in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Saunders Natasha Ruth , Janus Magdalena , Porter Joan , Lu Hong , Gaskin Ashley , Kalappa Gangamma , Guttmann Astrid
Published: February 2021

BackgroundLinkage of demographic, health, and developmental administrative data can enrich population-based surveillance and research on developmental and educational outcomes. Transparency of the record linkage process and results are required to assess potential biases.
ObjectivesTo describe the approach used to link records of kindergarten children from the Early Development Instrument (EDI) in Ontario to health administrative data and test differences in characteristics of children by linkage status. We demonstrate how socio-demographic and medical risk factors amass in their contribution to early developmental vulnerability and test the concordance of health diagnoses in both the EDI and health datasets of linked records.
MethodsChildren with records in the 2015 EDI cycle were deterministically linked to a population registry in Ontario, Canada. We compared sociodemographic and developmental vulnerability data between linked and unlinked records. Among linked records, we examined the contribution of medical and social risk factors obtained from health administrative data to developmental vulnerability identified in the EDI using descriptive analyses.
ResultsOf 135,937 EDI records, 106,217 (78.1%) linked deterministically to a child in the Ontario health registry using birth date, sex, and postal code. The linked cohort was representative of children who completed the EDI in age, sex, rural residence, immigrant status, language, and special needs status. Linked data underestimated children living in the lowest neighbourhood income quintile (standardized difference [SD] 0.10) and with higher vulnerability in physical health and well-being (SD 0.11) , social competence (SD 0.10), and language and cognitive development (SD 0.12). Analysis of linked records showed developmental vulnerability is sometimes greater in children with social risk factors compared to those with medical risk factors. Common childhood conditions with records in health data were infrequently recorded in EDI records.
ConclusionsLinkage of early developmental and health administrative data, in the absence of a single unique identifier, can be successful with few systematic biases introduced. Cross-sectoral linkages can highlight the relative contribution of medical and social risk factors to developmental vulnerability and poor school achievement.
Natural-climatic and environmental aspects in architectural and urban design and research of the residential environment
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Yankovskaya Y. S. , Lebedeva E. N. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Lobanov Yu. N. ,   LLC «Architectural workshop of Yu. N. Lobanov»
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to the problems of studying the natural and climatic aspect of the living environment formation in architectural and urban planning. The history of the issue is considered, scientific and qualification research from the 1960-s and 1970-s is analyzed. At present, there are observed tendencies of direct borrowing and transferring from the West of some new «techniques and principles», as well as putting forward rather superficial ideas regarding the transformation of the living environment, while fundamental domestic developments of the Soviet and post-Soviet times are often forgotten and ignored. Special attention is paid to the subject, problems and results of dissertation research in the field of architecture and urban planning, as well as related technical sciences. In addition, material from works on such branches as sociology and geography, biology and agriculture is considered.
Problems of restricted application of metal-wood structures
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Chernykh A. G. , Golovina S. G. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Klevan V. I. ,   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Published: February 2021

The prospects and problems associated with using metal-wood elements in the construction market are evaluated. A review of patents on forms and methods of manufacturing metal-wood structures is provided. It is emphasized that at calculating structures that are heterogeneous in regard of materials used, it is necessary to take into account their thermal and physical characteristics that affect the physical and mechanical parameters during the operational period. Special attention should be paid to the flexibility of joints, providing increased measures of corrosion protection of metal - wood contact points and making appropriate correction coefficients in the calculation method.
Trainers’ Preparedness on the Integration of Information Communication Technology in the Instructional Process of Engineering Courses in National Polytechnics in Kenya
Authors: Daniel Mutai Cheruiyot , Khaemba Ongeti
Published: February 2021

Educational institutions are under increasing pressure to integrate Information Communication Technology (ICT) in the instructional process as they prepare trainees for the job market in the 21st Century and trainers significantly contribute to this as the implementers. This paper reports a study that aimed at investigating trainers’ preparedness on the integration of Information Communication Technology (ICT) in the instructional process of engineering courses in national polytechnics in Kenya. The research objectives were to find out the perception of trainers on ICT integration; and the level of ICT knowledge and skills of trainers. The study was guided by the mixed method research methodology and the descriptive survey research design. Stratified and simple random sampling methods were used to select forty eight trainers from three national polytechnics in Kenya from Mechanical, Electrical, Building and Automotive departments. Purposive sampling was used to select the three principals and three heads of the departments. Data was collected using questionnaires and interview schedules and analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis techniques respectively. The findings revealed that the trainers were willing to participate actively in integrating ICT in the instructional process and thus had positive perceptions. In addition, over 80 % of trainers were practically competent in the general use of ICT but minimally integrated ICT in the instructional process. The study recommended that national polytechnics should take advantage of the positive perception by trainers and formulate a policy on ICT integration in the instructional process in line with the existing government policies. Another recommendation was that national polytechnics should undertake capacity building for trainers on ICT integration in the instructional process. The findings of this study will be significant in policy formulation on ICT integration in education in Kenya and elsewhere.
Antibiotic Resistance of Staphylococcus spp. Isolated from Sewage in Manaus, Amazonas
Authors: Nogueira Sabrine P. , Andrade Suanni L. , Magalhães Jr Paulo F. C. , Procopio Rudi E. L.
Published: February 2021

Staphylococcus spp. have become important human pathogens in recent decades due to the selection of resistant bacteria and the spread of their resistance genes in the environment. This study aimed to evaluate the resistance of Staphylococcus spp. obtained from sewage in the city of Manaus, Amazonas state, Brazil. The isolates were tested for susceptibility to antimicrobials using the Kirby-Bauer method for ampicillin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, gentamicin, oxacillin, cefoxitin, linezolid, penicillin, rifampicin, sulfazotrim, tetracycline and vancomycin. Among the strains isolated from sewage, the greatest resistance was observed for penicillin and oxacillin, with 100% of isolates resistant to these antibiotics. Some antibiotics had resistant and sensitive strains (ampicillin, clindamycin, erythromycin, cefoxitin, azithromycin). Staphylococcus spp. were identified as sensitive to ciprofloxacin chloramphenicol gentamicin linezolid sulfazotrim tetracycline, vancomycin, with no strain resistant to these antibiotics.
Study on Socio-Demographic and Anthropometric Profile among Newly Detected Diabetic Patients Attending in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Authors: Saber Sadia , Haque M. Touhidul , Alam Mohammed Tarek , Hossain Mohammad Monower
Published: February 2021

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) has become a modern epidemic as a non-communicable disease showing rising trend all over the world. In Bangladesh a large number of diabetic patients encounter every day to the various diabetic clinics for treatment purpose.

Objective: This study aims to observe the socio-demographic and anthropometric profile among newly detected diabetic patients attending to our tertiary care teaching hospital.

Methods: This is a hospital-record based cross sectional descriptive study executed in a tertiary care teaching hospital, Dhanmondi, Dhaka. The study group comprises 165 newly detected diabetic patients enrolled in our Bangladesh Medical College Hospital from July 2019 to June 2020. Analysis of data was done by using SPSS 15 software. Prevalence of newly detected diabetes among study population was calculated by using percentage and the strength of association between socio demographic and anthropometric factors were evaluated in our study.

Results: Among the 165 study participants, we found that 62 were males and 103 were females. Newly detected DM was more common among 36-50 years of age group followed by 51-65 years. Majority of the participants belonged to urban areas (53.94%) and were graduates (38.18%). Positive family history of DM was found among 93 patients. Nearly 55.76% diabetic patients were overweight followed by 23.63% were obese with moderate to low levels of physical activities were observed mostly.

Conclusion: In Bangladesh DM has been emerging as one of the biggest health problems with majority of the patients were unaware about its consequences and morbidity. We need to observe the socio-demographic and anthropometric factors to create the awareness among diabetic patients and prevent its fatal complications.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Reflektif dengan Pendekatan Matematika Realistik Bernuansa Keislaman terhadap Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis
Authors: Putra Fredi Ganda
Published: February 2021

The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of the learning model on the mathematic communication of the students. The learning models compared were the reflective learning model with mathematics realistic in Islamic nuance and the direct learning model. The type of the research was a quasi-experimental research. Its population was all of the students in grade VII in MTs Al-Khairiyah Nature in academic year 2015/2016. The size of the sample was 44 students consisted of 22 in experimental class 1 and 22 in control class 1. The instruments used were mathematics communication test on the learning material of the polyhedron. The data were analyzed by using t-test. The conclusions of the research were as there is the effect of reflective learning model with mathematics realistic in Islamic nuance resulted in a better than the direct learning model.
Aktivitas Matematika Berbasis Budaya pada Masyarakat Lampung
Authors: Rakhmawati Rosida
Published: February 2021

Culture-based education has a vital role of individuals and communities to achieve progressivity in all aspects of life. Math-based culture called ethnomathematics is an approach that can be used to explain the role of mathematics in a multicultural society. Mathematical concepts used to explore the existence of mathematics in culture, especially traditional societies of Lampung. This study aims to describe the results of exploration Lampung Ethnomathematics with this kind of exploratory research as well as an ethnographic approach. The results showed that without studying the mathematical concept, traditional society of Lampung have applied these concepts in their daily lives using ethnomathematics. Proved the existence of mathematical concepts contained in custom home building, the local unit of  Lampung, geometric shapes motif of tapis, as well as traditional games Lampung. Researchers suggest the results of this study to (a) used as alternative ideas mathematics learning outside the classroom, (b) introduced in learning formal mathematics as initial capital to teach the concept of mathematics to students, (c) be used as reference material for preparing a matter of mathematical problem-solving context.
Proses Berpikir Matematis Siswa dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Matematika di tinjau dari Tipe Kepribadian Keirsey
Authors: Hamidah Khusnul , Suherman Suherman
Published: February 2021

This study aims to describe the process of mathematical thinking of students in solving mathematical problems in terms of Keirsey's personality type. This research is a qualitative-descriptive research. Research subjects taken are MAN 2 Tulang Bawang Barat class XI students by purposive sampling. Research subjects amounted to 2 people from each personality type. Data collection is done by observation, interview, and documentation. Data validity using technique triangulation. Data analysis techniques used are the concept of Miles and Huberman, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results showed that each of Keirsey's students in solving mathematical problems was more likely to be a student of a Guardian personality type. In solving mathematical problems begins with the acceptance of information marked by understanding the problem involves knowing what is known (M1), knowing what is being asked (M2), knowing the required requirements in problem solving (M3), as well as making the model of math from the problem with its own understanding (M4). Then proceed with the processing of information marked by implementing the problem-solving plan (R1) and proceed with executing the plan to get the answer (P1), but the steps are not complete. While in rechecking the answer (C1) students do re-check, then in drawing a conclusion (C2), students draw conclusions only on some tests.
A cross-sectional study of pain status and psychological distress among individuals living with chronic pain: the Chronic Pain & COVID-19 Pan-Canadian Study
Authors: Pagé M. Gabrielle , Lacasse Anaïs , Dassieu Lise , Hudspith Maria , Moor Gregg , Sutton Kathryn , Thompson James M. , Dorais Marc , Janelle Montcalm Audrée , Sourial Nadia , Choinière Manon
Published: February 2021

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a disproportionate impact on vulnerable populations, including individuals with chronic pain. We examined associations between geographical variations in COVID-19 infection rates, stress and pain severity, and investigated factors associated with changes in pain status and psychological distress among individuals living with chronic pain during the pandemic.

Methods

This investigation is part of a larger initiative, the Chronic Pain & COVID-19 Pan-Canadian Study, which adopted a cross-sectional observational design. A total of 3159 individuals living with chronic pain completed a quantitative survey between 16 April and 31 May 2020.

Results

Two-thirds (68.1%) of participants were between 40 and 69 years old, and 83.5% were women. Two-thirds (68.9%) of individuals reported worsened pain since pandemic onset. Higher levels of perceived pandemic-related risks (adjusted odds ratio: 1.27; 95% confidence interval: 1.03–1.56) and stress (1.21; 1.05–1.41), changes in pharmacological (3.17; 2.49–4.05) and physical/psychological (2.04; 1.62–2.58) pain treatments and being employed at the beginning of the pandemic (1.42; 1.09–1.86) were associated with increased likelihood of reporting worsened pain. Job loss (34.9% of individuals were employed pre-pandemic) was associated with lower likelihood (0.67; 0.48–0.94) of reporting worsened pain. Almost half (43.2%) of individuals reported moderate/severe levels of psychological distress. Negative emotions toward the pandemic (2.14; 1.78–2.57) and overall stress (1.43; 1.36–1.50) were associated with moderate/severe psychological distress.

Conclusion

Study results identified psychosocial factors to consider in addition to biomedical factors in monitoring patients’ status and facilitating treatment access for chronic pain patients during a pandemic.
Une étude transversale sur l’évolution de la douleur et la détresse psychologique chez les personnes atteintes de douleur chronique : l’étude pancanadienne « Douleur chronique et COVID-19 »
Authors: Pagé M. Gabrielle , Lacasse Anaïs , Dassieu Lise , Hudspith Maria , Moor Gregg , Sutton Kathryn , Thompson James M. , Dorais Marc , Janelle Montcalm Audrée , Sourial Nadia , Choinière Manon
Published: February 2021

Introduction

La pandémie de COVID-19 a eu un impact disproportionné sur les populations vulnérables, notamment les personnes atteintes de douleur chronique. Nous avons examiné les associations entre les variations géographiques des taux d’infection par le coronavirus, le stress et l’intensité de la douleur et nous avons étudié les facteurs associés à l’évolution de la douleur et à la détresse psychologique chez les personnes atteintes de douleur chronique pendant la pandémie.

Méthodes

Cette analyse s’inscrit dans le cadre d’une initiative plus vaste, l’étude pancanadienne « Douleur chronique et COVID-19 », qui emploie une méthode de recherche transversale observationnelle. Au total, 3 159 personnes atteintes de douleur chronique ont répondu à une enquête quantitative entre le 16 avril et le 31 mai 2020.

Résultats

Les deux tiers (68,1 %) des participants avaient entre 40 et 69 ans, et 83,5 % étaient des femmes. Les deux tiers (68,9 %) des répondants ont signalé une aggravation de leur douleur depuis le début de la pandémie. Un niveau élevé de risques perçus liés à la pandémie (rapport de cotes ajusté : 1,27 %; intervalle de confiance [IC] à 95 % : 1,03 à 1,56), un niveau élevé de stress (1,21; IC à 95 % : 1,05 à 1,41), la modification des traitements de la douleur pharmacologiques (3,17; IC à 95 % : 2,49 à 4,05) et physiques/psychologiques (2,04; IC à 95 % : 1,62 à 2,58) et enfin le fait d’occuper un emploi au début de la pandémie (1,42; IC à 95 % : 1,09 à 1,86) étaient associés à une probabilité accrue de déclarer une aggravation de la douleur. La perte d’emploi (34,9 % des personnes travaillaient avant la pandémie) a été associée à une probabilité inférieure (0,67; IC à 95 % : 0,48 à 0,94) de déclarer une aggravation de la douleur. Près de la moitié (43,2 %) des personnes ont indiqué une détresse psychologique d’intensité modérée ou grave. Les émotions négatives à l’égard de la pandémie (2,14; IC à 95 % : 1,78 à 2,57) et le stress global (1,43; IC à 95 % : 1,36 à 1,50) ont été associés à une détresse psychologique modérée ou grave.

Conclusion

Les résultats de l’étude ont permis de cerner, outre les facteurs biomédicaux, plusieurs facteurs psychosociaux à prendre en compte pour surveiller l’état des patients atteints de douleur chronique et faciliter leur accès aux traitements pendant une pandémie.
ЭКСТРАПОЛИРУЯ ЭЙНШТЕЙНА И ВИНЕРА
Authors: Ашшурский Эмир
Published: February 2021

В данном предложенном вашему вниманию междисциплинарном исследовании предпринята довольно-таки смелая попытка выработать некую качественно усовершенствованную научную парадигму, которая бы удовлетворяла всем информационным, духовным и материальным аспектам бытия. То есть, другими словами, автор вполне осознанно ставит тут перед собой немыслимо, казалось бы, трудную задачу по формализации и унифицированию большинства существующих ныне законов природы. Да и, кроме того, почти всюду (но, разумеется, в меру реальных возможностей) приводимые им аргументы весьма красноречиво подкреплены также с помощью целого ряда конкретных и четких уравнений теорфизики. В частности, как раз с таких вот естественнонаучных позиций здесь дается достаточно ясное логическое обоснование столь ощутимому количественному превосходству присутствующей сейчас в космосе инертной протоновой массы над своими ядерными «собратьями» - нейтронами.

Таким образом, данная статья своей бескомпромиссной остротой и готовностью ко всеобщей открытой полемике заметно отличается от множества иных тематически схожих исследований, что делает ее актуальной именно в наши дни, когда настоятельно требуется всё ж таки учиться уже думать по-новому - творчески и непредвзято!
IDENTIFIKASI EKTOPARASIT PADA INSANG IKAN MAS KOKI (Carassius auratus)
Authors: Anggraini Reni , Gultom Endang Sulistyarini
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis parasit yang menginfeksi pada insang ikan mas koki (Carassius auratus). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei 2017, di Laboratorium Biologi Universitas Negeri Medan. Pemeriksaaan ektoparasit dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode pengapungan, dimana sampel insang direndam didalam larutan garam fisiologis yang kemudian dibiarkan selama 5 menit. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan 2 jenis parasit yang menginfeksi insang ikan mas koki (Carassius auratus), yaitu Unitubulotestis sardae dan Dactylogyrus sp. Kata Kunci : Parasit, Insang, Carassius auratus, ektoparasit.
DIVERSITAS GASTROPODA DI PERAIRAN LITORAL PANTAI SANCANG KABUPATEN GARUT
Authors: Bancin Ika Ramdana , Suharsono Suharsono , Hernawati Diana
Published: February 2021

Perairan litoral pantai Sancang merupakan habitat organisme laut, seperti gastropoda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman jenis gastropoda di perairan litoral pantai Sancang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari – April 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dengan bantuan belt transect. Stasiun yang digunakan dalam penelitian berada di tiga daerah yang berbeda. Stasiun I di Ciporeang, stasiun II di Cikujangjambe dan stasiun III di Cibako. Setiap stasiun terdapat satu belt transect sepanjang 100 meter dengan ukuran tiap plot 1x1 meter. Perhitungan indeks ekologi yang meliputi kepadatan jenis, indeks keanekargaman, indeks keseragaman dan indeks dominansi. Hasil penelitian terdapat 22 jenis gastropoda dengan ciri dan bentuk yang berbeda. Struktur komunitas gastropoda di perairan litoral pantai Sancang terdiri dari 5 ordo, 14 familia, 16 genus dengan jumlah total gastropoda sebanyak 270 individu. Nilai indeks ekologi menunjukkan nilai kepadatan jenis 2,7 ind/m2, indeks keanekaragaman (H’) 2,10 dengan kategori sedang, nilai indeks keseragaman (E) 0,68 dengan kategori yang tinggi, dan nilai indeks dominansi (C) 0,19 dengan kategori yang rendah.
Arsenic in Gold Mine Tailing and Agricultural Soil in Buru Island of Maluku
Authors: Hindersah Reginawanti , Kalay Agustinus Marthin , Risamasu Robby , Dewi Triani
Published: February 2021

Contamination of heavy metal including Arsenic (As) due to mining activities decreased ecosystem quality. The objective of this study was to determine the arsenic level of tailing and agricultural soil, and evaluate the spatial distribution of As in closed gold mine and nearby agricultural area in Buru Sub-district of Maluku. Tailing and soil samples were taken by purposive method based on mining and agricultural activities. Arsenic level in tailing and soil samples was determined by Atomic Adsorption Spectrophotometer after mixed acid extraction. The study showed that gold mine increased As level in the top soil and tailing but soil of nearby agricultural area was not contaminated by As. Increased concentration of As in tailings has been verified. pH level of the agricultural area was neutral hence lowered As availability for plant.
Special Educational Need of the Gifted and Talented Students in Saudi Arabia: A Review Paper
Authors: Obaid Alelyani Salem
Published: February 2021

Giftedness refers to proficient distinctive intelligent knowledgeable abilities, due to high IQ which possess talent, excellent performance abilities and skill in diverse field of learning. The gifted children’s style of learning is quite different as they need special academic, scientific support and input since they are characterized by actively metacognitive thinking skills and learning strategies. Due to the complexities of twice-exceptional gifted students, educators lack the experience in dealing with the unique needs of the gifted students. In Saudi Arabia, there is a need for the government to restructures the educational system in order to refine gifted student’s talent to their educational needs. This is a review paper aims at reviewing relevant literature on the special educational needs of the gifted and talented students in Saudi Arabia. From the available literature reviewed, the general need for gifted and talented students identified are cognitive needs, social and emotional needs, psychomotor needs, affective and intuitive needs, the needs of diverse gifted populations. The Study also identified the four major special educational needs of the gifted and talented students which comprises; the need for challenging education, need for true peers, the need for the responsive parenting, the need for adult empathy.
Electronic Word-of-Mouth (E-WOM), Brand Image and Consumer Purchase Intention on Healthcare Products
Authors: Ahmad Tajuddin Uwais Nor Rifhan , Abu Hassan Lailatul Faizah , Othman Abdul Kadir , Razak Norfadzilah Abdul
Published: February 2021

Objective – Malaysia is ranked sixth in the Asia Pacific region for obesity and diabetes and it is ranked the first among the Southeast Asian countries. Obesity and diabetes can cause serious non-communicable diseases such as heart disease and hypertension. Buying habit and eating habit are strongly correlated and these habits are very much influenced by the e-word-of-mouth (e-WOM). However, lack of studies in this aspect creates difficulties in making a consensus on the relationships between the variables concerned. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between e-WOM and consumer purchase intention among Malaysian dietary supplement products’ consumers.  Design/methodology – The brand image was introduced as a moderating variable between the e-WOM (quality, quantity and sender expertise) and customer purchase intention. The Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was employed to analyse 213 usable sets of questionnaire. Results – The results indicate that e-WOM quality, e-WOM quantity and sender’s expertise have significant relationship with consumer purchase intention.  However, brand image had no moderating effect in the association between e-WOM quality, e-WOM quantity as well sender’s expertise and consumer purchase intention. This study provides new insights into the e-WOM field of study, which in turn affects consumer purchase intention.
Determination of Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure Based on the Ownership Structures: Evidence from Companies Listed on SRI-KEHATI Index
Authors: Rahmawaty Rahmawaty , Maswan Putra
Published: February 2021

Objective – The ownership structure dispersed into state ownership, foreign ownership, institutional ownership, and corporate ownership. This study aims to examine the influence of ownership structure on Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure which is measured by 40 Corporate Social Responsibility indicators developed by Dias in 2017.  Design/methodology – This study utilizes the samples from companies listed on SRI-KEHATI Index for the year 2013-2017. Purposive sampling technique was applied resulting in 9 companies were chosen for a total 45 observation data. Multiple linear regression analysis is utilized for the hypotheses testing. Results – The result of this study revealed that all independent variables simultaneously influenced the dependent variable. Partially, foreign ownership and institutional ownership determined the Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure, but there is no influence for state ownership and corporate ownership on Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure.