bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Grain structure control during metal 3D printing by high-intensity ultrasound
Authors: Todaro C. J. , Easton M. A. , Qiu D. , Zhang D. , Bermingham M. J. , Lui E. W. , Brandt M. , StJohn D. H. , Qian M.
Published: January 2020

Additive manufacturing (AM) of metals, also known as metal 3D printing, typically leads to the formation of columnar grain structures along the build direction in most as-built metals and alloys. These long columnar grains can cause property anisotropy, which is usually detrimental to component qualification or targeted applications. Here, without changing alloy chemistry, we demonstrate an AM solidification-control solution to printing metallic alloys with an equiaxed grain structure and improved mechanical properties. Using the titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V as a model alloy, we employ high-intensity ultrasound to achieve full transition from columnar grains to fine (~100 µm) equiaxed grains in AM Ti-6Al-4V samples by laser powder deposition. This results in a 12% improvement in both the yield stress and tensile strength compared with the conventional AM columnar Ti-6Al-4V. We further demonstrate the generality of our technique by achieving similar grain structure control results in the nickel-based superalloy Inconel 625, and expect that this method may be applicable to other metallic materials that exhibit columnar grain structures during AM.
The role of transient resonances for ultra-fast imaging of single sucrose nanoclusters
Authors: Ho Phay J. , Daurer Benedikt J. , Hantke Max F. , Bielecki Johan , Al Haddad Andre , Bucher Maximilian , Doumy Gilles , Ferguson Ken R. , Flückiger Leonie , Gorkhover Tais , Iwan Bianca , Knight Christopher , Moeller Stefan , Osipov Timur , Ray Dipanwita , Southworth Stephen H. , Svenda Martin , Timneanu Nicusor , Ulmer Anatoli , Walter Peter , Hajdu Janos , Young Linda , Maia Filipe R. N. C. , Bostedt Christoph
Published: January 2020

Intense x-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) pulses hold great promise for imaging function in nanoscale and biological systems with atomic resolution. So far, however, the spatial resolution obtained from single shot experiments lags averaging static experiments. Here we report on a combined computational and experimental study about ultrafast diffractive imaging of sucrose clusters which are benchmark organic samples. Our theoretical model matches the experimental data from the water window to the keV x-ray regime. The large-scale dynamic scattering calculations reveal that transient phenomena driven by non-linear x-ray interaction are decisive for ultrafast imaging applications. Our study illuminates the complex interplay of the imaging process with the rapidly changing transient electronic structures in XFEL experiments and shows how computational models allow optimization of the parameters for ultrafast imaging experiments.
DAF-16/FOXO requires Protein Phosphatase 4 to initiate transcription of stress resistance and longevity promoting genes
Authors: Sen Ilke , Zhou Xin , Chernobrovkin Alexey , Puerta-Cavanzo Nataly , Kanno Takaharu , Salignon Jérôme , Stoehr Andrea , Lin Xin-Xuan , Baskaner Bora , Brandenburg Simone , Björkegren Camilla , Zubarev Roman A. , Riedel Christian G.
Published: January 2020

In C. elegans, the conserved transcription factor DAF-16/FOXO is a powerful aging regulator, relaying dire conditions into expression of stress resistance and longevity promoting genes. For some of these functions, including low insulin/IGF signaling (IIS), DAF-16 depends on the protein SMK-1/SMEK, but how SMK-1 exerts this role has remained unknown. We show that SMK-1 functions as part of a specific Protein Phosphatase 4 complex (PP4SMK-1). Loss of PP4SMK-1 hinders transcriptional initiation at several DAF-16-activated genes, predominantly by impairing RNA polymerase II recruitment to their promoters. Search for the relevant substrate of PP4SMK-1 by phosphoproteomics identified the conserved transcriptional regulator SPT-5/SUPT5H, whose knockdown phenocopies the loss of PP4SMK-1. Phosphoregulation of SPT-5 is known to control transcriptional events such as elongation and termination. Here we also show that transcription initiating events are influenced by the phosphorylation status of SPT-5, particularly at DAF-16 target genes where transcriptional initiation appears rate limiting, rendering PP4SMK-1 crucial for many of DAF-16’s physiological roles.
Astrocytes monitor cerebral perfusion and control systemic circulation to maintain brain blood flow
Authors: Marina Nephtali , Christie Isabel N. , Korsak Alla , Doronin Maxim , Brazhe Alexey , Hosford Patrick S. , Wells Jack A. , Sheikhbahaei Shahriar , Humoud Ibrahim , Paton Julian F. R. , Lythgoe Mark F. , Semyanov Alexey , Kasparov Sergey , Gourine Alexander V.
Published: January 2020

Astrocytes provide neurons with essential metabolic and structural support, modulate neuronal circuit activity and may also function as versatile surveyors of brain milieu, tuned to sense conditions of potential metabolic insufficiency. Here we show that astrocytes detect falling cerebral perfusion pressure and activate CNS autonomic sympathetic control circuits to increase systemic arterial blood pressure and heart rate with the purpose of maintaining brain blood flow and oxygen delivery. Studies conducted in experimental animals (laboratory rats) show that astrocytes respond to acute decreases in brain perfusion with elevations in intracellular [Ca2+]. Blockade of Ca2+-dependent signaling mechanisms in populations of astrocytes that reside alongside CNS sympathetic control circuits prevents compensatory increases in sympathetic nerve activity, heart rate and arterial blood pressure induced by reductions in cerebral perfusion. These data suggest that astrocytes function as intracranial baroreceptors and play an important role in homeostatic control of arterial blood pressure and brain blood flow.
Genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies host dependency factors for influenza A virus infection
Authors: Li Bo , Clohisey Sara M. , Chia Bing Shao , Wang Bo , Cui Ang , Eisenhaure Thomas , Schweitzer Lawrence D. , Hoover Paul , Parkinson Nicholas J. , Nachshon Aharon , Smith Nikki , Regan Tim , Farr David , Gutmann Michael U. , Bukhari Syed Irfan , Law Andrew , Sangesland Maya , Gat-Viks Irit , Digard Paul , Vasudevan Shobha , Lingwood Daniel , Dockrell David H. , Doench John G. , Baillie J. Kenneth , Hacohen Nir
Published: January 2020

Host dependency factors that are required for influenza A virus infection may serve as therapeutic targets as the virus is less likely to bypass them under drug-mediated selection pressure. Previous attempts to identify host factors have produced largely divergent results, with few overlapping hits across different studies. Here, we perform a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen and devise a new approach, meta-analysis by information content (MAIC) to systematically combine our results with prior evidence for influenza host factors. MAIC out-performs other meta-analysis methods when using our CRISPR screen as validation data. We validate the host factors, WDR7, CCDC115 and TMEM199, demonstrating that these genes are essential for viral entry and regulation of V-type ATPase assembly. We also find that CMTR1, a human mRNA cap methyltransferase, is required for efficient viral cap snatching and regulation of a cell autonomous immune response, and provides synergistic protection with the influenza endonuclease inhibitor Xofluza.
Identification of distinct maturation steps involved in human 40S ribosomal subunit biosynthesis
Authors: Nieto Blanca , Gaspar Sonia G. , Moriggi Giulia , Pestov Dimitri G. , Bustelo Xosé R. , Dosil Mercedes
Published: January 2020

Technical problems intrinsic to the purification of preribosome intermediates have limited our understanding of ribosome biosynthesis in humans. Addressing this issue is important given the implication of this biological process in human disease. Here we report a preribosome purification and tagging strategy that overcomes some of the existing technical difficulties. Using these tools, we find that the pre-40S precursors go through two distinct maturation phases inside the nucleolus and follow a regulatory step that precedes late maturation in the cytoplasm. This regulatory step entails the intertwined actions of both PARN (a metazoan-specific ribonuclease) and RRP12 (a phylogenetically conserved 40S biogenesis factor that has acquired additional functional features in higher eukaryotes). Together, these results demonstrate the usefulness of this purification method for the dissection of ribosome biogenesis in human cells. They also identify distinct maturation stages and metazoan-specific regulatory mechanisms involved in the generation of the human 40S ribosomal subunit.
Cardiac muscle thin filament structures reveal calcium regulatory mechanism
Authors: Yamada Yurika , Namba Keiichi , Fujii Takashi
Published: January 2020

Contraction of striated muscles is driven by cyclic interactions of myosin head projecting from the thick filament with actin filament and is regulated by Ca2+ released from sarcoplasmic reticulum. Muscle thin filament consists of actin, tropomyosin and troponin, and Ca2+ binding to troponin triggers conformational changes of troponin and tropomyosin to allow actin-myosin interactions. However, the structural changes involved in this regulatory mechanism remain unknown. Here we report the structures of human cardiac muscle thin filament in the absence and presence of Ca2+ by electron cryomicroscopy. Molecular models in the two states built based on available crystal structures reveal the structures of a C-terminal region of troponin I and an N-terminal region of troponin T in complex with the head-to-tail junction of tropomyosin together with the troponin core on actin filament. Structural changes of the thin filament upon Ca2+ binding now reveal the mechanism of Ca2+ regulation of muscle contraction.
ASCOT identifies key regulators of neuronal subtype-specific splicing
Authors: Ling Jonathan P. , Wilks Christopher , Charles Rone , Leavey Patrick J. , Ghosh Devlina , Jiang Lizhi , Santiago Clayton P. , Pang Bo , Venkataraman Anand , Clark Brian S. , Nellore Abhinav , Langmead Ben , Blackshaw Seth
Published: January 2020

Public archives of next-generation sequencing data are growing exponentially, but the difficulty of marshaling this data has led to its underutilization by scientists. Here, we present ASCOT, a resource that uses annotation-free methods to rapidly analyze and visualize splice variants across tens of thousands of bulk and single-cell data sets in the public archive. To demonstrate the utility of ASCOT, we identify novel cell type-specific alternative exons across the nervous system and leverage ENCODE and GTEx data sets to study the unique splicing of photoreceptors. We find that PTBP1 knockdown and MSI1 and PCBP2 overexpression are sufficient to activate many photoreceptor-specific exons in HepG2 liver cancer cells. This work demonstrates how large-scale analysis of public RNA-Seq data sets can yield key insights into cell type-specific control of RNA splicing and underscores the importance of considering both annotated and unannotated splicing events.
Increasing neurogenesis refines hippocampal activity rejuvenating navigational learning strategies and contextual memory throughout life
Authors: Berdugo-Vega Gabriel , Arias-Gil Gonzalo , López-Fernández Adrian , Artegiani Benedetta , Wasielewska Joanna M. , Lee Chi-Chieh , Lippert Michael T. , Kempermann Gerd , Takagaki Kentaroh , Calegari Federico
Published: January 2020

Functional plasticity of the brain decreases during ageing causing marked deficits in contextual learning, allocentric navigation and episodic memory. Adult neurogenesis is a prime example of hippocampal plasticity promoting the contextualisation of information and dramatically decreases during ageing. We found that a genetically-driven expansion of neural stem cells by overexpression of the cell cycle regulators Cdk4/cyclinD1 compensated the age-related decline in neurogenesis. This triggered an overall inhibitory effect on the trisynaptic hippocampal circuit resulting in a changed profile of CA1 sharp-wave ripples known to underlie memory consolidation. Most importantly, increased neurogenesis rescued the age-related switch from hippocampal to striatal learning strategies by rescuing allocentric navigation and contextual memory. Our study demonstrates that critical aspects of hippocampal function can be reversed in old age, or compensated throughout life, by exploiting the brain’s endogenous reserve of neural stem cells.
A large calibrated database of hand movements and grasps kinematics
Authors: Jarque-Bou Néstor J. , Atzori Manfredo , Müller Henning
Published: January 2020

Modelling hand kinematics is a challenging problem, crucial for several domains including robotics, 3D modelling, rehabilitation medicine and neuroscience. Currently available datasets are few and limited in the number of subjects and movements. The objective of this work is to advance the modelling of hand kinematics by releasing and validating a large publicly available kinematic dataset of hand movements and grasp kinematics. The dataset is based on the harmonization and calibration of the kinematics data of three multimodal datasets previously released (Ninapro DB1, DB2 and DB5, that include electromyography, inertial and dynamic data). The novelty of the dataset is related to the high number of subjects (77) and movements (40 movements, each repeated several times) for which we release for the first time calibrated kinematic data, resulting in the largest available kinematic dataset. Differently from the previous datasets, the data are also calibrated to avoid sensor nonlinearities. The validation confirms that the data are not affected by experimental procedures and that they are similar to data acquired in real-life conditions.
Rapid and cost-effective generation of single specimen multilocus barcoding data from whole arthropod communities by multiple levels of multiplexing
Authors: de Kerdrel Guillemette A. , Andersen Jeremy C. , Kennedy Susan R. , Gillespie Rosemary , Krehenwinkel Henrik
Published: January 2020

In light of the current biodiversity crisis, molecular barcoding has developed into an irreplaceable tool. Barcoding has been considerably simplified by developments in high throughput sequencing technology, but still can be prohibitively expensive and laborious when community samples of thousands of specimens need to be processed. Here, we outline an Illumina amplicon sequencing approach to generate multilocus data from large collections of arthropods. We reduce cost and effort up to 50-fold, by combining multiplex PCRs and DNA extractions from pools of presorted and morphotyped specimens and using two levels of sample indexing. We test our protocol by generating a comprehensive, community wide dataset of barcode sequences for several thousand Hawaiian arthropods from 14 orders, which were collected across the archipelago using various trapping methods. We explore patterns of diversity across the Archipelago and compare the utility of different arthropod trapping methods for biodiversity explorations on Hawaii, highlighting undergrowth beating as highly efficient method. Moreover, we show the effects of barcode marker, taxonomy and relative biomass of the targeted specimens and sequencing coverage on taxon recovery. Our protocol enables rapid and inexpensive explorations of diversity patterns and the generation of multilocus barcode reference libraries across whole ecosystems.
Increased stiffness of the tumor microenvironment in colon cancer stimulates cancer associated fibroblast-mediated prometastatic activin A signaling
Authors: Bauer Jessica , Emon Md Abul Bashar , Staudacher Jonas J. , Thomas Alexandra L. , Zessner-Spitzenberg Jasmin , Mancinelli Georgina , Krett Nancy , Saif M. Taher , Jung Barbara
Published: January 2020

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second deadliest cancer in the US due to its propensity to metastasize. Stromal cells and especially cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) play a critical biophysical role in cancer progression, but the precise pro-metastatic mechanisms are not clear. Activin A, a TGF-β family member, is a strong pro-metastatic cytokine in the context of CRC. Here, we assessed the link between biophysical forces and pro-metastatic signaling by testing the hypothesis that CAF-generated mechanical forces lead to activin A release and associated downstream effects. Consistent with our hypothesis, we first determined that stromal activin A secretion increased with increasing substrate stiffness. Then we found that stromally-secreted activin A induced ligand-dependent CRC epithelial cell migration and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). In addition, serum activin A levels are significantly increased in metastatic (stage IV) CRC patients (1.558 ng/ml versus 0.4179 ng/ml, p < 0.05). We propose that increased tumor microenvironment stiffness leads to stromal cell-mediated TGF-β family signaling relying on the induction and utilization of activin A signaling.
Long-term epilepsy-associated tumors: transcriptional signatures reflect clinical course
Authors: Delev Daniel , Daka Karam , Heynckes Sabrina , Gaebelein Annette , Franco Pamela , Pfeifer Dietmar , Prinz Marco , Schnell Oliver , Urbach Horst , Mader Irina , Beck Jürgen , Grote Alexander , Becker Albert J. , Heiland Dieter Henrik
Published: January 2020

Long-term epilepsy-associated tumors (LEATs) represent mostly benign brain tumors associated with drug-resistant epilepsy. The aim of the study was to investigate the specific transcriptional signatures of those tumors and characterize their underlying oncogenic drivers. A cluster analysis of 65 transcriptome profiles from three independent datasets resulted in four distinct transcriptional subgroups. The first subgroup revealed transcriptional activation of STAT3 and TGF-signaling pathways and contained predominantly dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors (DNTs). The second subgroup was characterized by alterations in the MAPK-pathway and up-stream cascades including FGFR and EGFR-mediated signaling. This tumor cluster exclusively contained neoplasms with somatic BRAFV600E mutations and abundance of gangliogliomas (GGs) with a significantly higher recurrence rate (42%). This finding was validated by examining recurrent tumors from the local database exhibiting BRAFV600E in 90% of the cases. The third cluster included younger patients with neuropathologically diagnosed GGs and abundance of the NOTCH- and mTOR-signaling pathways. The transcript signature of the fourth cluster (including both DNTs and GGs) was related to impaired neural function. Our analysis suggests distinct oncological pathomechanisms in long-term epilepsy-associated tumors. Transcriptional activation of MAPK-pathway and BRAFV600E mutation are associated with an increased risk for tumor recurrence and malignant progression, therefore the treatment of these tumors should integrate both epileptological and oncological aspects.
MicroRNA profiles in serum samples from Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure patients and miR-25-3p as a potential biomarker for survival prediction
Authors: Cisilotto Júlia , do Amaral Alex Evangelista , Rosolen Daiane , Rode Michele Patrícia , Silva Adny Henrique , Winter Evelyn , da Silva Telma Erotides , Fischer Josiane , Matiollo Camila , Rateke Elayne Cristina de Morais , Narciso-Schiavon Janaína Luz , Schiavon Leonardo de Lucca , Creczynski-Pasa Tânia Beatriz
Published: January 2020

Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a condition characterized by acute decompensation of cirrhosis, associated with organ failure(s), and high short-term mortality. The microRNAs or miRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules, stable in circulating samples such as biological fluids, and the difference in expression levels may indicate the presence, absence and/or stage of the disease. We analyzed here the miRNA profiling to identify potential diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers for ACLF. The major miRNAs discovered were validated in a cohort of patients with acute decompensation of cirrhosis grouped in no ACLF or ACLF according to EASL-CLIF definition. Relationship between serum miRNAs and variables associated with liver-damage and survival outcomes were verified to identify possible prognostic markers. Our results showed twenty altered miRNAs between no ACLF and ACLF patients, and twenty-seven in patients who died in 30 days compared with who survived. In validation phase, miR-223-3p and miR-25-3p were significantly altered in ACLF patients and in those who died in 30 days. miR-223-3p and miR-25-3p expression were associated with the lowest survival in 30 days. The decrease in miR-223-3p and miR-25-3p expression was associated with the presence of ACLF and poor prognosis. Of these, miR-25-3p was independently related to ACLF and 30-day mortality.
Optical absorption in array of Ge/Al-shell nanoparticles in an Alumina matrix
Authors: Despoja Vito , Basioli Lovro , Parramon Jordi Sancho , Mičetić Maja
Published: January 2020

The absorption spectra in array of Ge, Al and Ge/Al-shell nanoparticles immersed in alumina (Al2O3) matrix is calculated in framework ofab initiomacroscopic dielectric model. It is demonstrated that absorption is strongly enhanced when germanium nanospheres are encapsulated by Al-shell. Two absorption peaks, appearing in the spectra, correspond to low energyω+and high energyω−plasmons which lie in visible and ultraviolet frequency range, respectively. It is demonstrated that in Ge/Al-shell composite theω+plasmon exists only because quantum confinement effect which provides larger Ge band gap (Δ ~ 1.5 eV) and thus prevent decay ofω+plasmon to continuum of interband electron-hole excitation in semiconducting core. Absorption in visible frequency range enhances additional 3 times when alumina is replaced by large dielectric constant insulator, such as SiC, and additional 6 times when Ge core is replaced by wide band-gap insulator, such as Si3N4. Strong enhancement of optical absorption in visible frequency range make this composites suitable for optoelectronic application, such as solar cells or light emitting devices. The simulated plasmon peaks are brought in connection with peaks appearing in ellipsometry measurements.
Impact of Relative Change in Temperature and Atmospheric Pressure on Acute Aortic Syndrome Occurrence in France
Authors: Guimbretière Guillaume , Nusinovici Simon , Monnot Antoine , Sobocinski Jonathan , Sénage Thomas , Delsart Pascal , Gourraud Pierre-Antoine , Maurel Blandine
Published: January 2020

Acute aortic syndromes (AAS) have been related to significant circadian and seasonal conditions. We used time series analyses to study the impact of meteorological variations on AAS occurrence. We retrospectively assessed 140 patients presenting with AAS over a 6-year period in a French university hospital. Average daily temperature (T) and atmospheric pressure (AP) at the location of the event were collected within the previous 10 days, and their association with AAS investigated with generalized additive models. A decrease in temperature of more than 5 °C within the previous seven days was significantly associated with an increased risk of AAS occurrence (OR equal to 1.86 [1.06; 3.44]). Subgroup analysis revealed that the risk was only significant among normotensive individuals (n = 41) free from blood pressure lowering medication (OR equal to 2.3 [1.05; 5.37]), but not among hypertensive individuals under blood pressure lowering medication despite a larger patient number (n = 99). Similarly, only among the subgroup of normotensive individuals a decrease of AP between 2 and 4 kPa within the previous 3 days was associated with an increased risk of AAS (OR equal to 2.93 [1.1; 8.15]) and an increased between 2 and 4 kPa was associated with a decreased risk (OR equal to 0.59 [0.36; 1.00]). Variations of meteorological conditions (temperature and AP) within the previous week seem to have effects on triggering AAS especially among the population free from blood pressure lowering medication.
Basidioradulum mayi and B. tasmanicum spp. nov. (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota) from both sides of Bass Strait, Australia
Authors: Wang Xue-Wei , Jiang Ji-Hang , Zhou Li-Wei
Published: January 2020

Basidioradulum was morphologically considered to be a synonym of Xylodon. Here, its independence within Hymenochaetales is confirmed from a phylogenetic perspective. Basidioradulum radula, the generic type, is widely distributed in Northern Hemisphere. Two Southern Hemisphere species close to B. radula are newly described as B. mayi and B. tasmanicum, respectively, from Victoria and Tasmania, Australia. Basidioradulum mayi differs from B. radula by lack of cystidia. Moreover, the hymenial surface of B. radula is normally much more strongly hydnoid than that of B. mayi. Basidioradulum tasmanicum is distinct from B. radula and B. mayi by having capitate cystidia, ellipsoid to subglobose basidiospores, and crystal-covered hyphae. Although morphologically distinct, the two new species isolated by Bass Strait have an almost identical ITS region, and could not be differentiated by nLSU- and ITS-based phylogenetic analyses. This case reminds us that basing phylogeny simply on the ITS as a barcode region may underestimate fungal species diversity.
The effect of NAMPT deletion in projection neurons on the function and structure of neuromuscular junction (NMJ) in mice
Authors: Lundt Samuel , Zhang Nannan , Wang Xiaowan , Polo-Parada Luis , Ding Shinghua
Published: January 2020

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) plays a critical role in energy metabolism and bioenergetic homeostasis. Most NAD+ in mammalian cells is synthesized via the NAD+ salvage pathway, where nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is the rate-limiting enzyme, converting nicotinamide into nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN). Using a Thy1-Nampt−/− projection neuron conditional knockout (cKO) mouse, we studied the impact of NAMPT on synaptic vesicle cycling in the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), end-plate structure of NMJs and muscle contractility of semitendinosus muscles. Loss of NAMPT impaired synaptic vesicle endocytosis/exocytosis in the NMJs. The cKO mice also had motor endplates with significantly reduced area and thickness. When the cKO mice were treated with NMN, vesicle endocytosis/exocytosis was improved and endplate morphology was restored. Electrical stimulation induced muscle contraction was significantly impacted in the cKO mice in a frequency dependent manner. The cKO mice were unresponsive to high frequency stimulation (100 Hz), while the NMN-treated cKO mice responded similarly to the control mice. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed sarcomere misalignment and changes to mitochondrial morphology in the cKO mice, with NMN treatment restoring sarcomere alignment but not mitochondrial morphology. This study demonstrates that neuronal NAMPT is important for pre-/post-synaptic NMJ function, and maintaining skeletal muscular function and structure.
Facile and reversible digestion and regeneration of zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks
Authors: Chu Jun , Ke Fu-Sheng , Wang Yunxiao , Feng Xiangming , Chen Weihua , Ai Xinping , Yang Hanxi , Cao Yuliang
Published: January 2020

The digestion/regeneration of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has important applications for catalysis, drug delivery, environmental decontamination, and energy storage, among other applications. However, research in this direction is limited and very challenging. Here, we develop a facile method to digest and regenerate a series of zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks (Zr-MOFs) by bicarbonate or carbonate salts. As an example, UiO-66 demonstrates well the mechanism of reversible digestion/regeneration processes. By analyzing the digested zirconium species via X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Raman scattering spectroscopy, a digestion mechanism based on the formation of dissoluble complexes [Zr2(OH)2(CO3)4]2− is proposed. Impressively, ultrafine Pd nanoparticles can be extracted from Pd@PCN-224 via this strategy. This work, thus, may provide new insight for the development of renewable MOFs and their practical applications.
Development of a 1,3a,6a-triazapentalene derivative as a compact and thiol-specific fluorescent labeling reagent
Authors: Nakayama Atsushi , Otani Akira , Inokuma Tsubasa , Tsuji Daisuke , Mukaiyama Haruka , Nakayama Akira , Itoh Kohji , Otaka Akira , Tanino Keiji , Namba Kosuke
Published: January 2020

For the fluorescence imaging of biologically active small compounds, the development of compact fluorophores that do not perturb bioactivity is required. Here we report a compact derivative of fluorescent 1,3a,6a-triazapentalenes, 2-isobutenylcarbonyl-1,3a,6a-triazapentalene (TAP-VK1), as a fluorescent labeling reagent. The reaction of TAP-VK1 with various aliphatic thiols proceeds smoothly to afford the corresponding 1,4-adducts in high yields, and nucleophiles other than thiols do not react. After the addition of thiol groups in dichloromethane, the emission maximum of TAP-VK1 shifts to a shorter wavelength and the fluorescence intensity is substantially increased. The utility of TAP-VK1 as a compact fluorescent labeling reagent is clearly demonstrated by the labeling of Captopril, which is a small molecular drug for hypertension. The successful imaging of Captopril, one of the most compact drugs, in this study demonstrates the usefulness of compact fluorophores for mechanistic studies.
Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) – review and classification of methods for sequence-specific detection
Authors: Becherer Lisa , Borst Nadine , Bakheit Mohammed , Frischmann Sieghard , Zengerle Roland , von Stetten Felix
Published: January 2020

This comprehensive review provides a systematic classification and a comparative evaluation of current sequence-specific detection methods for LAMP.
Forensic determination of crossing lines involving stamp and pen inks by mass spectrometry imaging
Authors: Rodrigues de Morais Damila , Campêlo Jacqueline de Morais , Razzo Daniel , Eberlin Marcos Nogueira , Costa José Luiz , Santos Jandyson Machado
Published: January 2020

The mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) and easy ambient sonic-spray ionization (EASI) were used to identify the sequence of lines in intersecting points between stamp and pen inks, which can solve one of the most challenge task for the forensic cases.
Polynuclear organometallic clusters: synthesis, structure, and reactivity studies
Authors: Tang Jian , Zhao Liang
Published: January 2020

This feature article highlights our recent advances in the controllable synthesis of carbon-centered polynuclear organometallic clusters: from synthesis to transformation, reactivity and mechanism.
A general and green fluoroalkylation reaction promoted via noncovalent interactions between acetone and fluoroalkyl iodides
Authors: Mao Ting , Ma Ming-Jian , Zhao Liang , Xue De-Pu , Yu Yanbo , Gu Jiwei , He Chun-Yang
Published: January 2020

The first example of visible light promoted fluoroalkylation reactions initiated via noncovalent interactions between solvents and RFI is presented.
Mg-Doping improves the performance of Ru-based electrocatalysts for the acidic oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Li Zheng , Wang Shuo , Tian Yuanyuan , Li Baihai , Yan Hao jun , Zhang Shuai , Liu Zhaoming , Zhang Qiuju , Lin Yichao , Chen Liang
Published: January 2020

Magnesium doped RuO2 exhibits excellent acidic oxygen evolution reaction performance with an overpotential of 228 mV at 10 mA cm−2.
Polarization screening-induced epitaxial growth and interfacial magnetism of BiFeO3/PbTiO3nanoplates
Authors: Fu Gangjie , Li Wei , Cao Haiwen , Chen Xing , Wang Shanpeng , Luo Liang , Wu Mengjiao , Tian He , Ren Zhaohui , Han Gaorong
Published: January 2020

Single-crystal BiFeO3/PbTiO3nanoplates have been synthesizedviaa hydrothermal method, where BFO films selectively grew on the negative polar surface of PTO with a saturation thickness of about 18–20 nm and a room-temperature ferromagnetism.
Citrate combustion synthesized Al-doped CaCu3Ti4O12 quadruple perovskite: synthesis, characterization and multifunctional properties
Authors: Pal Kamalesh , Dey Arka , Jana Rajkumar , Ray Partha P. , Bera Parthasarathi , Kumar Lalit , Mandal Tapas Kumar , Mohanty Paritosh , Seikh Md. Motin , Gayen Arup
Published: January 2020

Facile synthesis of Al-doped CaCu3Ti4O12 quadruple perovskite has been reported and it is projected to be a promising candidate for Schottky barrier diode application and a methanol steam reforming catalyst for hydrogen generation.
Intramolecular mode coupling of the isotopomers of water: a non-scalar charge density-derived perspective
Authors: Tian Tian , Xu Tianlv , Kirk Steven R. , Rongde Ian Tay , Tan Yong Boon , Manzhos Sergei , Shigeta Yasuteru , Jenkins Samantha
Published: January 2020

Left: The BCP trajectories T(s) for H2O for the bending (Q1) mode, the axes labels of the trajectory T(s). The green spheres correspond to the bond critical point (BCPs). Right: The corresponding T(s) for H2O for the symmetric-stretch (Q2) mode.
Channel-resolved rotationally dependent predissociation rate constants reveal the state-to-state dissociation dynamics of carbon monoxide in electronically excited states
Authors: Jiang Pan , Chi Xiaoping , Zhu Qihe , Cheng Min , Gao Hong
Published: January 2020

Partial predissociation rate constants into each individual channel and their dependence on the rotational quantum number are obtained, revealing unprecedented details for the predissociation dynamics of CO.
Niobium dioxide prepared by a novel La-reduced route as a promising catalyst support for Pd towards the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Huang Chong , Dong Wujie , Dong Chenlong , Wang Xin , Jia Bingquan , Huang Fuqiang
Published: January 2020

Electron transfer from NbO2 to Pd enhances the ORR activity of Pd/NbO2.
A cyclometalated trinuclear Ir(iii)/Pt(ii) complex as a luminescent probe for histidine-rich proteins
Authors: Sarkar Ankita , Kumar Ravi , Das Bishnu , Ray Partho Sarothi , Gupta Parna
Published: January 2020

A trinuclear luminescent organometallic Pt–Ir–Pt complex acts as an efficient protein staining agent due to reversible binding to histidine-rich proteins.
Positive matrix factorization on source apportionment for typical pollutants in different environmental media: a review
Authors: Sun Xiang , Wang Haoqi , Guo Zhigang , Lu Peili , Song Fuzhong , Liu Li , Liu Jiaxin , Rose Neil L. , Wang Fengwen
Published: January 2020

A bibliometric analysis of published papers with the key words “positive matrix factorization” and “source apportionment” in ‘Web of Science’, reveals that more than 1000 papers are associated with this research and that approximately 50% of these were produced in Asia.
Supported FexNiy catalysts for the co-activation of CO2 and small alkanes
Authors: Raseale Shaine , Marquart Wijnand , Jeske Kai , Prieto Gonzalo , Claeys Michael , Fischer Nico
Published: January 2020

The required tandem functionality between FeNi species and a reducible oxidic carrier in the CO2-ODH is demonstrated.
Effects of a fructose-rich diet and chronic stress on insulin signaling and regulation of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta and the sodium–potassium pump in the hearts of male rats
Authors: Romic Snjezana , Djordjevic Ana , Tepavcevic Snezana , Culafic Tijana , Stojiljkovic Mojca , Bursac Biljana , Stanisic Jelena , Kostic Milan , Gligorovska Ljupka , Koricanac Goran
Published: January 2020

This study provides new insights into the effects of chronic stress and a combination of a fructose diet and chronic stress on the studied molecules in the heart.
Multivariate analysis applied to oxidation of cyclohexane and benzyl alcohol promoted by mononuclear iron and copper complexes
Authors: Vailati Andrei F. , Huelsmann Ricardo D. , Martendal Edmar , Bortoluzzi Adailton J. , Xavier Fernando R. , Peralta Rosely A.
Published: January 2020

The iron complex converted higher amounts of substrates while the copper complex presented higher selectivity toward selected products.
A boron-doped carbon aerogel-supported Cu catalyst for the selective hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate
Authors: Lu Xiaodong , Wang Guofu , Yang Yu , Kong Xiangpeng , Chen Jiangang
Published: January 2020

The modification of B in carbon support can modulate the hydrogenation selectivity.
Synthesis of gold–silica core–shell nanoparticles by pulsed laser ablation in liquid and their physico-chemical properties towards photothermal cancer therapy
Authors: Riedel René , Mahr Nora , Yao Chenyang , Wu Aiguo , Yang Fang , Hampp Norbert
Published: January 2020

Due to the increasing scientific and biomedical interest in various nanoparticles (NPs) showing excellent properties, a convenient and adjustable physical method with improved efficiency needs to be used for enabling tech-scale production of such promising NPs.
Precise control of versatile microstructure and properties of graphene aerogel via freezing manipulation
Authors: Zhu Xiangyu , Yang Chao , Wu Pingwei , Ma Zhenqian , Shang Yuanyuan , Bai Guangzhu , Liu Xiaoyan , Chang Guo , Li Ning , Dai Jingjie , Wang Xitao , Zhang Hailong
Published: January 2020

A deep understanding of the shaping technique is urgently required to precisely tailor the pore structure of a graphene aerogel (GA) in order to fit versatile application backgrounds.
Extracting the shape of nanometric field emitters
Authors: Beinke Daniel , Bürger Felicitas , Solodenko Helena , Acharya Rachana , Klauk Hagen , Schmitz Guido
Published: January 2020

Statistical evaluation of field desorption data enables accurate shape analysis of nanometric field emitters used in atom probe tomography.
Tailor-made legumain/pH dual-responsive doxorubicin prodrug-embedded nanoparticles for efficient anticancer drug delivery and in situ monitoring of drug release
Authors: Li Yang , Niu Yimin , Zhu Jianhua , Gao Cuicui , Xu Qunwei , He Zhiyu , Chen Dawei , Xu Ming , Liu Yang
Published: January 2020

Legumain enzyme is a well-conserved lysosomal cysteine protease that is overexpressed in many tumor cells and tumor stromal cells. Herein, we developed a legumain/pH double-sensitive nanosystem for targeted tumor therapy.
Hierarchical NiMoO4@Co3V2O8 hybrid nanorod/nanosphere clusters as advanced electrodes for high-performance electrochemical energy storage
Authors: Hu Bingbing , Cen Yuan , Xu Chuanlan , Xiang Qin , Aslam Muhammad Kashif , Liu Lijun , Li Sha , Liu Yuping , Yu Danmei , Chen Changguo
Published: January 2020

Herein, hierarchical NiMoO4@Co3V2O8 nanorod/nanosphere clusters were synthesized using two-step hydrothermal method, where Co3V2O8 nanospheres had been uniformly immobilized on the surface of the NiMoO4 nanorods.
Recent advances in two-dimensional-material-based sensing technology toward health and environmental monitoring applications
Authors: Tyagi Deepika , Wang Huide , Huang Weichun , Hu Lanping , Tang Yanfeng , Guo Zhinan , Ouyang Zhengbiao , Zhang Han
Published: January 2020

Low dimensional materials based sensors have improved the detection strategy for sensing complex substances present in environment and human body.
Looking at the big picture in activation strain model/energy decomposition analysis: the case of the ortho–para regioselectivity rule in Diels–Alder reactions
Authors: Grimblat Nicolás , Sarotti Ariel M.
Published: January 2020

The regioselectivity of the DA reaction is predicted by the ortho–para rule which has been explained from FMO theory. Using DFT calculations and ASM/EDA, we found that the results vary depending the position where it is performed.
Photo-induced glycosylation using a diaryldisulfide as an organo-Lewis photoacid catalyst
Authors: Iibuchi Naoto , Eto Takahiro , Aoyagi Manabu , Kurinami Reiji , Sakai Hayato , Hasobe Taku , Takahashi Daisuke , Toshima Kazunobu
Published: January 2020

Photo-induced glycosylations of several acceptors with trichloroacetimidate donors using bis(2-naphthyl)disulfide as an organo-Lewis photoacid (LPA) catalyst proceeded effectively to give the corresponding glycosides in good to high yields.
Site-selective protein modification via disulfide rebridging for fast tetrazine/trans-cyclooctene bioconjugation
Authors: Xu Lujuan , Raabe Marco , Zegota Maksymilian M. , Nogueira João C. F. , Chudasama Vijay , Kuan Seah Ling , Weil Tanja
Published: January 2020

Site-selective incorporation of a reactive tetrazine tag into therapeutically relevant peptides and proteins via disulfide rebridging allows fast preparation of stable bioconjugates “on-demand”.
An acid-degradable biobased epoxy-imine adaptable network polymer for the fabrication of responsive structural color film
Authors: Mo Ruibin , Song Liujun , Hu Jin , Sheng Xinxin , Zhang Xinya
Published: January 2020

A reprocessable, acid-degradable epoxy-imine network polymer was fabricated based on an epoxide of vanillin, and it was used to prepare a composite film with structural color.
Squaramide based ion pair receptors possessing ferrocene as a signaling unit
Authors: Zaleskaya Marta , Jagleniec Damian , Karbarz Marcin , Dobrzycki Łukasz , Romański Jan
Published: January 2020

Ferrocene offers a convenient reporter in squaramide based ion pair sensors able to recognize anions more strongly in the presence of cations.
Intramolecular rearrangements guided by adaptive coordination-driven reactions toward highly luminescent polynuclear Cu(i) assemblies
Authors: El Sayed Moussa Mehdi , Khalil Ali Moustafa , Evariste Sloane , Wong Hok-Lai , Delmas Vincent , Le Guennic Boris , Calvez Guillaume , Costuas Karine , Yam Vivian Wing-Wah , Lescop Christophe
Published: January 2020

Highly luminescent solid-state Cu6, Au2Cu10 and Pt4Cu11 derivatives are obtained in one step reaction thanks to adaptive coordination-driven supramolecular chemistry using pre-assembled flexible Cu(i) precursors.
The oxidation of (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line HPB-ALL via the regulation of Notch1 expression
Authors: Wang Yu-Na , Wang Jing , Yang Hao-Nan , Zhang Bang-Lei , Zhang Pan , Sun Pei-Yuan , Zhang Nin , Wang Ya , Sheng Jun , Wang Xuan-Jun , Zi Cheng-Ting
Published: January 2020

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematological malignancy, and commonly associated with activating mutations in the Notch1 pathway.
Gate-tunable gas sensing behaviors in air-stable ambipolar organic thin-film transistors
Authors: Kwon Hyunah , Yoo Hocheon , Nakano Masahiro , Takimiya Kazuo , Kim Jae-Joon , Kim Jong Kyu
Published: January 2020

Ambipolar organic field effect transistor shows a great potential to be used for multi-gas sensing device utilizing gate-tunable gas sensing behaviors.
Synthesis and characterization of tannic acid–PEG hydrogel via Mitsunobu polymerization
Authors: Chen Chen , Geng Xi-wen , Pan Ya-hui , Ma Yu-ning , Ma Yu-xia , Gao Shu-zhong , Huang Xiao-jun
Published: January 2020

Mitsunobu polymerization was involved to construct bulk hydrogel via direct PEGylation of tannic-acid under mild condition.
Electrospun silk fibroin/TiO2 mats. Preparation, characterization and efficiency for the photocatalytic solar treatment of pesticide polluted water
Authors: Aznar-Cervantes Salvador , Aliste Marina , Garrido Isabel , Yañez-Gascón María J. , Vela Nuria , Cenis Jose L. , Navarro Simón , Fenoll José
Published: January 2020

The photocatalytic properties of silk fibroin (SF) incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles using an electrospinning technique were examined.
High impact resistance in graphyne
Authors: Yang Yang , Cao Qiang , Gao Yang , Lei Shuting , Liu Sheng , Peng Qing
Published: January 2020

Graphyne was recently facilely synthesized with superior mechanical and electrical performance.
Multivalent counterions induced attraction between DNA polyelectrolytes
Authors: Chen Xu , Chen Er-Qiang , Yang Shuang
Published: January 2020

Counterions in the ground state partially condense in the intervening region of two approaching DNA cylinders and result in attraction.
Dealloyed porous gold anchored byin situgenerated graphene sheets as high activity catalyst for methanol electro-oxidation reaction
Authors: Xu Hui , Liu Shuai , Pu Xiaoliang , Shen Kechang , Zhang Laichang , Wang Xiaoguang , Qin Jingyu , Wang Weimin
Published: January 2020

A novel one-step method to prepare the nanocomposites of reduced graphene oxide (RGO)/nanoporous gold (NPG) is realized by chemically dealloying an Al2Au precursor.
Correction: Copper-catalyzed direct C–H arylselenation of 4-nitro-pyrazoles and other heterocycles with selenium powder and aryl iodides. Access to unsymmetrical heteroaryl selenides
Authors: Jakubczyk Michał , Mkrtchyan Satenik , Madura Izabela D. , Marek Paulina H. , Iaroshenko Viktor O.
Published: January 2020

Correction for ‘Copper-catalyzed direct C–H arylselenation of 4-nitro-pyrazoles and other heterocycles with selenium powder and aryl iodides. Access to unsymmetrical heteroaryl selenides’ by Michał Jakubczyk et al., RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 25368–25376.
Microfluidic processing of HZSM-5 films in a capillary microreactor for the continuous acetalisation reaction of glycerol with acetone
Authors: Zhang Guangcai , Zhang Lu , Wang Xuesong , Chen Aicheng , Zhang Qinhui
Published: January 2020

This work presented microfluidic processing of zeolite films in a capillary microreactor and its potential application for biomass conversion.
Auto-controlled fabrication of a metal-porphyrin framework thin film with tunable optical limiting effects
Authors: Li De-Jing , Gu Zhi-Gang , Zhang Jian
Published: January 2020

A layer by layer autoarm immersion method is developed to prepare metal-porphyrin thin films with third-order NLO properties.
Micro-mechanical theory of shear yield stress for strongly flocculated colloidal gel
Authors: Roy Saikat , Tirumkudulu Mahesh S.
Published: January 2020

We derive a constitutive relation for shear yield stress of strongly aggregated colloidal gel as a function of interparticle potential, volume fraction, contact scale properties and gel microstructure.
Copolymer derived micro/meso-porous carbon nanofibers with vacancy-type defects for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Li Jiye , Zhang Weimiao , Zhang Xu , Huo Liyao , Liang Jiayi , Wu Lisheng , Liu Yong , Gao Jiefeng , Pang Huan , Xue Huaiguo
Published: January 2020

Micro/meso-porous carbon nanofibers have been successfully prepared and directly adopted as a supercapacitor electrode material with high specific capacitance, area normalized capacitance and excellent cycling stability.
Unparalleled mitigation of membrane degradation in fuel cells via a counter-intuitive approach: suppression of H2O2 production at the hydrogen anode using a Ptskin–PtCo catalyst
Authors: Shi Guoyu , Tryk Donald A. , Iwataki Toshio , Yano Hiroshi , Uchida Makoto , Iiyama Akihiro , Uchida Hiroyuki
Published: January 2020

PtCo/CHT anode catalyst showed a large suppression of H2O2 generation, by ≥50% in comparison with commercial Pt/CB at practical potentials for H2 oxidation, resulting in greatly enhanced durability of the fuel cell by mitigating membrane degradation.
Effect of boron incorporation on the bioactivity, structure, and mechanical properties of ordered mesoporous bioactive glasses
Authors: Deilmann Leonie , Winter Oliver , Cerrutti Bianca , Bradtmüller Henrik , Herzig Christopher , Limbeck Andreas , Lahayne Olaf , Hellmich Christian , Eckert Hellmut , Eder Dominik
Published: January 2020

B2O3 doped (0.5–15 mol%) ordered mesoporous bioactive glasses were synthesized via sol–gel based evaporation-induced self-assembly using P123 as a structure directing agent and characterized by biokinetic, mechanical and structural investigations.
Layered double hydroxide nanosheets: towards ultrasensitive tumor microenvironment responsive synergistic therapy
Authors: Yan Liang , Wang Yingjie , Hu Tingting , Mei Xuan , Zhao Xiaojie , Bian Yanyan , Jin Lan , Liang Ruizheng , Weng Xisheng , Wei Min
Published: January 2020

A 2D ultrathin nanomaterial of layered double hydroxides loaded with chlorin e6 was designed, which could be used for ultrasensitive tumor microenvironment responsive synergistic therapy.
Dual-field plated β-Ga2O3 nano-FETs with an off-state breakdown voltage exceeding 400 V
Authors: Bae Jinho , Kim Hyoung Woo , Kang In Ho , Kim Jihyun
Published: January 2020

The introduction of multiple field-modulating plates into ultra-wide bandgap nano-FETs greatly increased the voltage swings to over 400 V.