bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adoption and Completeness of Documentation Using a Structured Delivery Record in Secondary Care, Subdistrict Government Hospitals of Karnataka State, India
Authors: Mony Prem K. , Jayanna Krishnamurthy , Varghese Beena , Washington Maryann , Vinotha P. , Thomas Tinku
Published: May 2016

Objective:

Poor medical record documentation remains a pervasive problem in hospital delivery rooms, hampering efforts aimed at improving the quality of maternal and neonatal care in resource-limited settings. We evaluated the feasibility and completeness of labor room documentation within a quasi-experimental study aimed at improving emergency preparedness for obstetric and neonatal emergencies in 8 nonteaching, subdistrict, secondary care hospitals of Karnataka state, India.

Methods:

We redesigned the existing open-ended case sheet into a structured, delivery record cum job aide adhering to principles of local clinical relevance, parsimony, and computerizability. Skills and emergency drills training along with supportive supervision were introduced in 4 “intervention arm” hospitals while the new delivery records were used in eight intervention and control hospitals.

Results:

Introduction of the new delivery record was feasible over a “run-in” period of 4 months. About 92% (6103 of 6634) of women in intervention facilities and 80% (6205 of 7756) in control facilities had their delivery records filled in during the 1-year study period. Completeness of delivery record documentation fell into one of two subsets with one set of parameters being documented with minimal inputs (in both intervention and control sites) and another set of parameters requiring more intensive training efforts (and seen more in intervention than in control sites; P < .05).

Conclusion:

Under the stewardship of the local government, it was possible to institute a robust, reliable, and valid medical record documentation system as part of efforts to improve intrapartum and postpartum maternal and newborn care in hospitals.
MRI and CBCT image registration of temporomandibular joint: A systematic review
Authors: Al-Saleh Mohammed A. Q. , Alsufyani Noura A. , Saltaji Humam , Jaremko Jacob L. , Major Paul W.
Published: May 2016

Purpose

The purpose of the present review is to systematically and critically analyze the available literature regarding the importance, applicability, and practicality of (MRI), computerized tomography (CT) or cone-beam CT (CBCT) image registration for TMJ anatomy and assessment.

Data sources

A systematic search of 4 databases; MEDLINE, EMBASE, EBM reviews and Scopus, was conducted by 2 reviewers. An additional manual search of the bibliography was performed.

Inclusion criteria

All articles discussing the magnetic resonance imaging MRI and CT or CBCT image registration for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) visualization or assessment were included.

Results and included articles’ characteristics

Only 3 articles satisfied the inclusion criteria. All included articles were published within the last 7 years. Two articles described MRI to CT multimodality image registration as a complementary tool to visualize TMJ. Both articles used images of one patient only to introduce the complementary concept of MRI-CT fused image. One article assessed the reliability of using MRI-CBCT registration to evaluate the TMJ disc position and osseous pathology for 10 temporomandibular disorder (TMD) patients.

Conclusion

There are very limited studies of MRI-CT/CBCT registration to reach a conclusion regarding its accuracy or clinical use in the temporomandibular joints.
Ideological representations and Theme-Rheme analysis in English and Arabic news reports: a systemic functional approach
Authors: Potter Lorena
Published: May 2016

On 14 February 2005, the Lebanese Prime Minister, Rafiq al-Hariri, was killed along with 22 others in a massive car bomb in Beirut. His assassination provoked an international outcry, which ended the 30-year presence of Syria and led to the withdrawal of its troops from Lebanon. This paper explores the different representations of Syria in news reports following the investigation into Hariri’s murder. The main aim is to examine the efficacy of Halliday’s systems of THEME and INFORMATION in detecting ideological representations in the news. By ideological representations, we refer to the socially-shared meanings, beliefs and opinions expressed by mainstream news media regarding the portrayal of Syria and its link to the attacks in Lebanon. This paper, which is an extract from my doctoral thesis, is the first attempt to adopt Halliday’s functional model of Theme-Rheme in Arabic and apply his understanding of the clause as a message to English and Arabic news reports. The analysis compares and contrasts the thematic and information structures in 14 reports (7 in English and 7 in Arabic), which were published between 25 and 27 September 2006 by mainstream online news media, including Al-Jazeera and the British Broadcasting Corporation. The news sources provide English and Arabic versions allowing for a comparable analysis of structure, content and style. The results of the analysis confirm that Halliday’s systems of THEME and INFORMATION are effective tools to unlock the meaning-potential in Arabic clauses and detect underlying ideologies in English and Arabic news reports.
Investigation of Racial Disparities in Early Supportive Medication Use and End-of-Life Care Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Stage IV Breast Cancer
Authors: Check Devon K. , Samuel Cleo A. , Rosenstein Donald L. , Dusetzina Stacie B.
Published: May 2016

Purpose

Early supportive care may improve quality of life and end-of-life care among patients with cancer. We assessed racial disparities in early use of medications for common cancer symptoms (depression, anxiety, insomnia) and whether these potential disparities modify end-of-life care.

Methods

We used 2007 to 2012 SEER-Medicare data to evaluate use of supportive medications (opioid pain medications and nonopioid psychotropics, including antidepressants/anxiolytics and sleep aids) in the 90 days postdiagnosis among black and white women with stage IV breast cancer who died between 2007 and 2012. We used modified Poisson regression to assess the relationship between race and supportive treatment use and end-of-life care (hospice, intensive care unit, more than one emergency department visit or hospitalization 30 days before death, in-hospital death).

Results

The study included 752 white and 131 black women. We observed disparities in nonopioid psychotropic use between black and white women (adjusted risk ratio [aRR], 0.51; 95% CI, 0.35 to 0.74) but not in opioid pain medication use. There were also disparities in hospice use (aRR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.74 to 0.99), intensive care unit admission or more than one emergency department visit or hospitalization 30 days before death (aRR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.63), and risk of dying in the hospital (aRR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.22 to 2.09). Supportive medication use did not attenuate end-of-life care disparities.

Conclusion

We observed racial disparities in early supportive medication use among patients with stage IV breast cancer. Although they did not clearly attenuate end-of-life care disparities, medication use disparities may be of concern if they point to disparities in adequacy of symptom management given the potential implications for quality of life.
Two Years of Adjuvant Tamoxifen Provides a Survival Benefit Compared With No Systemic Treatment in Premenopausal Patients With Primary Breast Cancer: Long-Term Follow-Up (> 25 years) of the Phase III SBII:2pre Trial
Authors: Ekholm Maria , Bendahl Pär-Ola , Fernö Mårten , Nordenskjöld Bo , Stål Olle , Rydén Lisa
Published: May 2016

Purpose

The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term effect of 2 years of adjuvant tamoxifen compared with no systemic treatment (control) in premenopausal patients with breast cancer over different time periods through long-term (> 25 years) follow-up.

Patients and Methods

Premenopausal patients with primary breast cancer (N = 564) were randomly assigned to 2 years of tamoxifen (n = 276) or no systemic treatment (n = 288). Data regarding date and cause of death were obtained from the Swedish Cause of Death Register. End points were cumulative mortality (CM) and cumulative breast cancer–related mortality (CBCM). The median follow-up for the 250 patients still alive in April 2014 was 26.3 years (range, 22.7 to 29.7 years).

Results

In patients with estrogen receptor–positive tumors (n = 362), tamoxifen was associated with a marginal reduction in CM (hazard ratio [HR], 0.77; 95% CI, 0.58 to 1.03; P = .075) and a significant reduction in CBCM (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.99; P = .046). The effect seemed to vary over time (CM years 0 to 5: HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.64 to 1.73; years > 5 to 15: HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.37 to 0.91; and after 15 years: HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.48 to 1.42; CBCM years 0 to 5: HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.65 to 1.82; years > 5 to 15: HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.33 to 0.86; and after 15 years: HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.36 to 1.44).

Conclusion

Two years of adjuvant tamoxifen resulted in a long-term survival benefit in premenopausal patients with estrogen receptor–positive primary breast cancer.
Hydrocortisone as an Intervention for Dexamethasone-Induced Adverse Effects in Pediatric Patients With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Results of a Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Warris Lidewij T. , van den Heuvel-Eibrink Marry M. , Aarsen Femke K. , Pluijm Saskia M.F. , Bierings Marc B. , van den Bos Cor , Zwaan Christian M. , Thygesen Helene H. , Tissing Wim J.E. , Veening Margreet A. , Pieters Rob , van den Akker Erica L.T.
Published: May 2016

Purpose

Dexamethasone is a key component in the treatment of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), but can induce serious adverse effects. Recent studies have led to the hypothesis that neuropsychological adverse effects may be a result of cortisol depletion of the cerebral mineralocorticoid receptors. We examined whether including a physiologic dose of hydrocortisone in dexamethasone treatment can reduce neuropsychologic and metabolic adverse effects in children with ALL.

Patients and Methods

We performed a multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled trial with a crossover design. Of 116 potentially eligible patients (age 3 to 16 years), 50 were enrolled and were treated with two consecutive courses of dexamethasone in accordance with Dutch Childhood Oncology Group ALL protocols. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either hydrocortisone or placebo in a circadian rhythm (10 mg/m2/d) during both dexamethasone courses. Primary outcome measure was parent-reported Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire in Dutch, which assesses psychosocial problems. Other end points included questionnaires, neuropsychological tests, and metabolic parameters.

Results

Of 48 patients who completed both courses, hydrocortisone had no significant effect on outcome; however, a more detailed analysis revealed that in 16 patients who developed clinically relevant psychosocial adverse effects, addition of hydrocortisone substantially reduced their Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire in Dutch scores in the following domains: total difficulties, emotional symptoms, conduct problems, and impact of difficulties. Moreover, in nine patients who developed clinically relevant, sleep-related difficulties, addition of hydrocortisone reduced total sleeping problems and disorders of initiating and maintaining sleep. In contrast, hydrocortisone had no effect on metabolic parameters.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that adding a physiologic dose of hydrocortisone to dexamethasone treatment can reduce the occurrence of serious neuropsychological adverse effects and sleep-related difficulties in pediatric patients with ALL.
The Wnt-Myb pathway suppresses KIT expression to control the timing of salivary proacinar differentiation and duct formation
Authors: Matsumoto Shinji , Kurimoto Takayuki , Taketo M. Mark , Fujii Shinsuke , Kikuchi Akira
Published: May 2016

Growth factor signaling is involved in the development of various organs, but how signaling regulates organ morphogenesis and differentiation in a coordinated manner remains to be clarified. Here, we show how Wnt signaling controls epithelial morphogenetic changes and differentiation using the salivary gland as a model. Experiments using genetically manipulated mice and organ cultures revealed that Wnt signaling at an early stage (E12-E15) of submandibular salivary gland (SMG) development inhibits end bud morphogenesis and differentiation into proacini by suppressing KIT expression through the up-regulation of Myb transcription factor, and concomitantly increased the expression of distal progenitor markers. In addition, Wnt signaling at the SMG development early stage promoted end bud cell proliferation, leading to duct formation. In contrast, Wnt signaling reduction at a late stage (E16-E18) of SMG development promoted end bud maturation and suppressed duct formation. Thus, Wnt signaling controls the timing of SMG organogenesis by keeping end bud cells in an undifferentiated bipotent state.
Avian thermoregulation in the heat: evaporative cooling capacity in an archetypal desert specialist, Burchell's sandgrouse (Pterocles burchelli)
Authors: McKechnie Andrew E. , Smit Ben , Whitfield Maxine C. , Noakes Matthew J. , Talbot William A. , Garcia Mateo , Gerson Alexander R. , Wolf Blair O.
Published: May 2016

Sandgrouse (Pterocliformes) are quintessential examples of avian adaptation to desert environments, but relatively little is known about the limits to their heat tolerance and evaporative cooling capacity. We predicted that evaporative cooling in Burchell's sandgrouse (Pterocles burchelli) is highly efficient and provides the basis for tolerance of very high air temperature (Ta). We measured body temperature (Tb), resting metabolic rate (RMR) and evaporative water loss (EWL) at Ta between 25 °C and ∼58 °C in birds exposed to successive increments in Ta. Normothermic Tb averaged 39.0 °C, lower than typical avian values. At Ta>34.5 °C, Tb increased linearly to a maximum of 43.6 °C at Ta=56 °C. The upper critical limit of thermoneutrality (Tuc) was Ta=43.8 °C, closely coinciding with the onset of panting and gular flutter. Above the Tuc, RMR increased 2.5-fold to 2.89 W at Ta=56 °C, a fractional increase far exceeding that of many other species under comparable conditions. Rates of EWL increased rapidly at Ta>42.9 °C to 7.84±0.90 g h−1 at Ta=56 °C, an 11-fold increase above minimal levels. Maximum evaporative cooling efficiency (ratio of evaporative heat loss to metabolic heat production) was 2.03, but could be as high as 2.70 if our assumption that the birds were metabolising lipids is incorrect. Thermoregulation at very high Ta in P. burchelli was characterised by large increases in RMR and EWL, and is much less efficient than in taxa such as columbids and caprimulgids.
Crisis diagnosis in anti-crisis management process in a company
Authors: Meiste Ruta , Jakstiene Sandra
Published: May 2016

The relevance of the crisis situation diagnosis is confirmed by the diagnosis decisions designed and applied in the business practice, audit reports, bank assessment methods and company‘s own concernment. The aim of the research is to define crisis development stages and possible preventive means and to design the crisis diagnosis system in the anti-crisis management process in a company. The paper deals with four stages of crisis development: prodromal crisis (CP), acute crisis (CA), and chronic crisis (CC). Crisis resolution (CR) is the final goal of any crisis management. When a crisis is overcome, its performance stabilizes and a company starts to grow. Therefore, the main point in company’s management process is to notice the barrier when company’s performance starts going down, in order to foresee the result which can cause crisis situation in a company.
Assessing the non-financial investment profitability with variable discount rate
Authors: Gwóźdź Katarzyna
Published: May 2016

In the work, the subject of the discount rate assessment is presented. The discount rate is usually considered as constant in the whole investment period, which seems to be the main problem. The constant discount rate does not take into account the actual money loses value in time. Moreover, the discount rate elements can change in time, and it should be remembered that many factors, which could also change, influence the value of those elements. The research confirms that the assumption of using the constant discount rate is erroneous. In the work one can find i.a. the methods of own capital assessment or the proposal of different techniques of risk premium valuation.
Decomposition Algorithms for Risk-Averse Multistage Stochastic Programs with Application to Water Allocation under Uncertainty
Authors: Zhang Weini , Rahimian Hamed , Bayraksan Güzin
Published: May 2016

We study a risk-averse approach to multistage stochastic linear programming, where the conditional value-at-risk is incorporated into the objective function as the risk measure. We consider five decompositions of the resulting risk-averse model to solve it via the nested L-shaped method. We introduce separate approximations of the mean and the risk measure and also investigate the effectiveness of multiple cuts. As an application, we formulate a water allocation problem by risk-averse multistage programming, which has the advantage of controlling high-risk severe water shortage events. We apply the proposed formulation to the southeastern portion of Tucson, AZ to best use the limited water resources available to that region. In numerical experiments we (1) present a comparative computational study of the risk-averse nested L-shaped variants and (2) analyze the risk-averse approach to the water allocation problem.
Hard times?
Authors: Magee Sean
Published: May 2016

Sean Magee considers the crisis in Scotland where there's currently a critical shortage of skilled and qualified dental nurses
Kids' oral health? It's pure monkey business!
Authors: Bissett Gaby
Published: May 2016

Gaby Bissett looks at how one woman's wish is to make children's experience in the dentist's chair – and other health care situations – a happier one
Sterilisation – the tricks of the trade
Authors: Bednarz Edyta
Published: May 2016

Sterilisation is highly regulated with not much room for interpretation. Edyta Bednarz explains why
Don't forget!
Authors: Craig Aubrey
Published: May 2016

Dental nurses are reminded not to leave renewing their ARF to the last minute
Girls with autism
Authors: Lee-Potter Emma
Published: May 2016

There are many more autism diagnoses for primary school boys than there are for girls, but this does not mean that girls do not have autism. Emma Lee-Potter speaks to expert Sarah Wild about what more primaries can do to spot and support girls with autism
Legalities of treating wildlife in UK veterinary practice
Authors: Fraser Mary , Girling Simon
Published: May 2016

Many different species of wildlife will be presented to veterinary practices. In addition to providing care for these patients, veterinary nurses need to be aware of the legal aspects that apply. Legislation relating to wildlife species is particularly relevant to taking animals from the wild, keeping wild animals and birds in care, releasing them back into the wild and notifiable diseases. Following devolution, there are some differences in legislation in different parts of the UK. Specific species, particularly endangered species, have more detailed legislation which also needs to be adhered to. While lay people may have the best of intentions, they need to be aware that all veterinary care needs to follow Schedule 3 of the Veterinary Surgeon's Act 1966, and the best interests of the animals must be central to all care that is given.
How to use IPPV during veterinary surgery
Authors: Beckett Jessica
Published: May 2016

Intermittent positive-pressure ventilation (IPPV) is the process of manually or mechanically ventilating a patient that is apnoeic or dyspnoeic. IPPV is a simple and effective method of ventilation, but with complex effects on the body. Nurses should fully understand the method for IPPV and be aware of the implications of poorly performed IPPV.
Moxidectin intoxication in a dog — a patient care report
Authors: Sines Daniella
Published: May 2016

This article discusses a patient who suffered a moxidectin intoxication from the oral administration of Advocate. Presenting clinical signs, treatment and recovery of the patient will be discussed in reference to the role of the veterinary nurse. This report also highlights the importance of owner education for administering parasitic preventative treatment.
Evaluation of yield and yield components of lamb’s lettuce (Valerianella locusta) grown in thin layer soilless systems
Authors: ZNIDARCIC DRAGAN
Published: May 2016

Abstract. Znidarcic D. 2016. Evaluation of yield and yield components of lamb’s lettuce (Valerianella locusta) grown in thin layer soilless systems. Nusantara Bioscience 8: 89-93. Growth and development of lamb’s lettuce (Valerianella locusta L.) have been studied on thin layer soilless systems in plastic greenhouse on the Laboratory field of Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana. The trial lasted from 23rd of February till 10th of March 2016. The experiment was included cultivar 'Ljubljanski'. Four different substrates have been used: expanded clay aggregate, perlite, vermiculite, and peat. Seedlings were transplanted at distance of 10x10 cm. At the harvest the following parameters were measured: leaves fresh and dry yield, plant height, number of leaves per plant and the nitrate-N content in leaves. The overall effect of the type of substrate on lamb's lettuce growth and yield in the present experiment suggests that the examined materials are suitable substrates for lamb's lettuce soilless cultivation production. The outcomes of the research point to the fact that the lamb's lettuce in perlite treatments brings greater fresh yields compared to the other inert substrates. On the other hand, peat produced higher leaf dry mass as compared to other substrates. A quantitative analysis of the nitrate-N content in leaves showed that the peat is the most effective substrate in terms of low plant nitrate concentration.
Recombinase Polymerase Amplification for Diagnostic Applications
Authors: Daher Rana K , Stewart Gale , Boissinot Maurice , Bergeron Michel G
Published: May 2016

BACKGROUND

First introduced in 2006, recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) has stirred great interest, as evidenced by 75 publications as of October 2015, with 56 of them just in the last 2 years. The widespread adoption of this isothermal molecular tool in many diagnostic fields represents an affordable (approximately 4.3 USD per test), simple (few and easy hands-on steps), fast (results within 5–20 min), and sensitive (single target copy number detected) method for the identification of pathogens and the detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms in human cancers and genetically modified organisms.

CONTENT

This review summarizes the current knowledge on RPA. The molecular diagnostics of various RNA/DNA pathogens is discussed while highlighting recent applications in clinical settings with focus on point-of-care (POC) bioassays and on automated fluidic platforms. The strengths and limitations of this isothermal method are also addressed.

RPA is becoming a molecular tool of choice for the rapid, specific, and cost-effective identification of pathogens. Owing to minimal sample-preparation requirements, low operation temperature (25–42 °C), and commercial availability of freeze-dried reagents, this method has been applied outside laboratory settings, in remote areas, and interestingly, onboard automated sample-to-answer microfluidic devices. RPA is undoubtedly a promising isothermal molecular technique for clinical microbiology laboratories and emergence response in clinical settings.
APPLICATION OF DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS IN HEAT LOSS DETERMINING IN DISTRICT HEATING SYSTEMS
Authors: Čarnogurská Mária , Dobáková Romana , Příhoda Miroslav
Published: May 2016

Existing procedures for determining the heat loss in heat distribution use balance relations, or rather they are based on the theory of heat and mass transfer. Dimensional analysis enables a new point of view that demonstrated the functionality of heat loss from selected physical quantities that contribute to heat loss. The solution provides one complex criterion and four simplex criteria of similarity. Transforming these criteria of similarity leads to the formulation of the functional dependence of only two criteria, on the basis of which the amount of heat loss can be determined. The resulting criterial dependency is simple, and is calculated in this paper for a pipe one meter in longth. The mathematic model for demonstrating the heat loss is of universal validity, and applies to a wide range of piping used for hot water distribution. However, for each nominal diameter of piping it is necessary to take into account the mutual dependency of the dimensionless arguments p5 on p1, the form of which is always different. In the paper, this dependency is demonstrated for two nominal diameters DN65 and DN125.
LABORATORY TESTING OF LEICA AT401 LASER TRACKER
Authors: Dvořáček Filip
Published: May 2016

This paper describes laboratory tests on a Leica AT401laser tracker. As the newer Leica AT402 model also uses the same firmware package, most of the results should also be valid for this device. First, we present the instrument’s firmware errors and the software used for testing. The ASME B89.4.19-2006 standard for testing laser trackers is briefly presented. The warm-up effect of the instrument is inspected with respect to both angle measurement and distance measurement. The absolute distance meter (ADM) is compared with a laboratory interferometer on a 30-meter long rail and also on a bench with automated movement of the carriage of the reflector. A time series of measurements for determining the additive constant is evaluated. A simple test of the stability of the distance measurement in field conditions is introduced. Most of the tests were carried out at the Research Institute of Geodesy, Topography and Cartography (RIGTC) and at the Faculty of Civil Engineering (FCE) of the Czech Technical University in Prague (CTU).
Existence and stability of triangular points in the relativistic R3BP when the bigger primary is a triaxial rigid body and a source of radiation
Authors: Singh Jagadish , Nakone Bello
Published: May 2016

We study the effect of triaxiality and radiation of the bigger primary on the positions and stability of the triangular points in the relativistic R3BP. It is found that the locations of the triangular points are affected by the relativistic terms apart the radiation force and the triaxiality of the bigger primary. It is also seen that for these points, the range of stability region increases or decreases according as without which depends upon the relativistic terms, the radiation and triaxiality coefficient is greater than or less than zero. A practical application of this model could be the study of the motion of a dust grain particle near the Sun-Earth system. A practical application of this model could be the study of the motion of a dust grain particle near the Sun-Earth system.
Existence and linear stability of triangular points in the perturbed relativistic R3BP when the bigger primary is an oblate spheroid
Authors: Nakone Bello , Singh Jagadish
Published: May 2016

We study the effects of oblateness and small perturbations in the Coriolis and centrifugal forces on the locations and stability of the triangular points in the relativistic R3BP. It is observed that the positions are affected by the oblateness, relativistic, and a small perturbation in the centrifugal force, but are unaffected by that of Coriolis force. It is also seen that the relativistic terms, oblateness, small perturbations in the centrifugal and Coriolis forces influence the critical mass ratio. It is also noticed that all the former three and the latter one possess destabilizing and stabilizing behavior respectively. However, the range of stability increases or decreases according to as p >0 or p<0 where p depends upon the relativistic, oblateness and small perturbations in the Coriolis and centrifugal forces.
Antimicrobial Functionalization of β-Cyclodextrin Treated Fabrics
Authors: Bhaskara Usha Rashmi , Warmoeskerken M. M. C. G. , Nabers Merlin G. D.
Published: May 2016

The aim of this work was the antimicrobial functionalization of a textile material via a host-guest system. Cotton was treated with β-cyclodextrin host molecules (BCD) via conventional exhaust application, followed by a curing process. These fabrics were then treated with an antimicrobial agent (chlorhexidine acetate). Chlorhexidine acetate adsorbtion onto these fabrics was calculated and compared to a control. Further antibacterial tests were done on the functionalized fabrics and compared to their controls as well. This work also describes the selection of an antimicrobial molecule, a spectral study done on two kinds of BCD-antimicrobial molecules, the adsorption onto BCD-fixed fabrics, and the subsequent antibacterial property of such fabrics.
Determining the secondary school teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs about teaching profession
Ortaokullarda görev yapan öğretmenlerin öğretmenlik mesleğine yönelik öz yeterlik algilarinin incelenmesi
Authors: Döş Bülent , Özdemir Doğan Gülay
Published: May 2016

Self-efficacy refers to beliefs about one’s capabilities to learn or perform behaviors at designated levels (Bandura, 1997). The main aim of this study is to determine the self-efficacy beliefs of teachers about teaching profession. The research was designed based on a descriptive survey method. The research group comprised 217 secondary school teachers working in 22 schools in Gaziantep city center in Turkey. The data were collected using the Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy Scale originally developed by Tschannen-Moran ve Woolfolk Hoy (2001) and adapted to Turkish by Çapa, Çakıroğlu, Sarıkaya (2005). The data were analyzed using basic descriptive statistics (arithmetic means and standard deviations), independent samples t test and one way Anova analysis.As a result of the study it was concluded that participating secondary school teachers had favorable beliefs of self-efficacy in terms of teaching profession. We can conclude that gender is not effective according to the context of the self-efficacy. Subjects taught are not related with self-efficacy in this study. Finally this study showed that reward and punishment is very important for the self-efficacy beliefs of the secondary teachers. Because self-efficacy influences academic motivation some activities can be done to increase the self-efficacy beliefs of the teachers by providing different reward system. ÖzetÖz-yeterlik bireylerin herhangi bir performansa yönelik kendileri hakkında algıları şeklinde tanımlanmaktadır. Öğretmenlerin mesleklerine ilişkin öz-yeterlik algıları öğretimin kalitesini doğrudan etkileyen faktörlerden birisidir. Ortaokul öğretmenlerinin öğretmenlik mesleğine yönelik öz yeterlik algılarının araştırıldığı bu çalışma betimsel bir tarama çalışmasıdır. Araştırma 2013–2014 eğitim-öğretim yılında Gaziantep İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğüne bağlı olan 22 ortaokulda görev yapan 217 öğretmenle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada veriler orjinali Tschannen-Moran ve Woolfolk Hoy (2001) tarafından geliştirilen ve Türkçeye adaptasyonu Çapa, Çakıroğlu, Sarıkaya (2005) tarafından yapılan  “Öğretmen Öz-yeterlik” ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Veriler SPSS programı ile, frekans, yüzde, varyans analizi, bağımsız gruplar t-testi gibi tekniklerle analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde sonuçlara göre öğretmenlerin mesleklerine yönelik öz-yeterlik algıları yüksektir, cinsiyete, branşa ve sınıf mevcuduna göre değişmemektedir. Ancak öğretmenlerin öz-yeterlik algıları almış oldukları disiplin cezalara ve ödüllere göre değişiklik göstermektedir. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlar ışığında öğretmenlerin öz-yeterliklerini artırıcı ödül uygulamaları ve öz-yeterliğe etkisi zayıf ceza uygulamalarının geliştirilmesi önerilmektedir.
Mit RFID zu besserem Service und neuen Strukturen – das Beispiel UB Leipzig
Authors: Bauer Charlotte
Published: May 2016

Am Beispiel der Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig werden die notwendigen organisatorischen Veränderungen beim RFID-Einsatz erläutert.
Diagrams of the past: How timelines can aid the growth of historical knowledge
Authors: Champagne Marc
Published: May 2016

Historians occasionally use timelines, but many seem to regard such signs merely as ways of visually summarizing results that are presumably better expressed in prose. Challenging this language-centered view, I suggest that timelines might assist the generation of novel historical insights. To show this, I begin by looking at studies confirming the cognitive benefits of diagrams like timelines. I then try to survey the remarkable diversity of timelines by analyzing actual examples. Finally, having conveyed this (mostly untapped) potential, I argue that neglecting timelines might mean neglecting significant aspects of reality that are revealed only by those signs. My overall message is that once we accept that relations are as important for the mind as what they relate, we have to pay closer attention to any semiotic device that enables or facilitates the discernment of new relations.
Affect and affordances – The role of action and emotion in social interaction
Authors: Jensen Thomas Wiben , Pedersen Sarah Bro
Published: May 2016

In adopting new theoretical advancements within cognitive science, emotion studies, and ecological psychology, this paper explores how the notion of affordances gains strength and explanatory power by being linked to the notions of affect and emotion. In doing so, it is claimed that the notions of direct perception and affordances can be used to analyse and understand the trajectory of fast and on-going choices that underlies human interaction as an ecological alternative to the micro-sociological perspective of Conversation Analysis. This perspective is laid out in in-depth analyses of three real-life examples from three different organizational settings: an emergency ward at a hospital, a school for children with special needs, and a kindergarten. Inherent in each setting one finds a pre-defined set of expectations of how specific actions are carried out by the participants to achieve organizational goals. However, in each example, slightly different and surprising actions are accomplished during the on-going interaction. As the participants engage in the task, they use the affordances of the environment – including other individuals – differently, which highlights the complicated nature of affordances in relation to social interaction. The situations all entertain a number of potential affordances; yet only one (or at least few) is enacted. It is argued that this choice – a pull towards certain aspects at the expense of others – is saturated by emotionality and affective involvement. Finally, these findings are used to illustrate how emotion and cognition can be re-thought, not as distinct processes, but as intertwined in an organism-environment-system.
Assessment of the forest landscape along selected motor vehicle routes
Authors: Janeczko Emilia , Janeczko Krzysztof , Moskalik Tadeusz , Woźnicka Małgorzata
Published: May 2016

This paper presents the results of research that aims to analyse and evaluate the attractiveness of the forest landscape in the vicinity of selected motor vehicle routes that differ in terms of technical parameters, such as motorways, regional roads and local (municipal) roads. The diversity of landscape units was used as the measure of landscape attractiveness. Landscape diversity analysis allows to establish the details related to specific parts of the road and the options for configuring the road environment. These options relate to the way the forest is managed and mainly involve aspects of infrastructure and cultivation. They include activities such as afforestation work and rebuilding the species composition of forest stands. According to the research, the lower the technical class of a road, the greater is the need to take action to adapt the structural-tree stand system to meet the safety requirements of road users.
GluA2-Containing AMPA Receptors Distinguish Ribbon-Associated from Ribbonless Afferent Contacts on Rat Cochlear Hair Cells
Authors: Martinez-Monedero Rodrigo , Liu Chang , Weisz Catherine , Vyas Pankhuri , Fuchs Paul Albert , Glowatzki Elisabeth
Published: May 2016

Mechanosensory hair cells release glutamate at ribbon synapses to excite postsynaptic afferent neurons, via AMPA-type ionotropic glutamate receptors (AMPARs). However, type II afferent neurons contacting outer hair cells in the mammalian cochlea were thought to differ in this respect, failing to show GluA immunolabeling and with many “ribbonless” afferent contacts. Here it is shown that antibodies to the AMPAR subunit GluA2 labeled afferent contacts below inner and outer hair cells in the rat cochlea, and that synaptic currents in type II afferents had AMPAR-specific pharmacology. Only half the postsynaptic densities of type II afferents that labeled for PSD-95, Shank, or Homer were associated with GluA2 immunopuncta or presynaptic ribbons, the “empty slots” corresponding to ribbonless contacts described previously. These results extend the universality of AMPAergic transmission by hair cells, and support the existence of silent afferent contacts.
Establishment of reference costs for occupational health services and implementation of cost management in Japanese manufacturing companies
Authors: Nagata Tomohisa , Mori Koji , Aratake Yutaka , Ide Hiroshi , Nobori Junichiro , Kojima Reiko , Odagami Kiminori , Kato Anna , Hiraoka Mika , Shiota Naoki , Kobayashi Yuichi , Ito Masato , Tsutsumi Akizumi , Matsuda Shinya
Published: May 2016

Objectives

We developed a standardized cost estimation method for occupational health (OH) services. The purpose of this study was to set reference OH services costs and to conduct OH services cost management assessments in two workplaces by comparing actual OH services costs with the reference costs.

Methods

Data were obtained from retrospective analyses of OH services costs regarding 15 OH activities over a 1‐ year period in three manufacturing workplaces. We set the reference OH services costs in one of the three locations and compared OH services costs of each of the two other workplaces with the reference costs.

Results

The total reference OH services cost was 176,654 Japanese yen (JPY) per employee. The personnel cost for OH staff to conduct OH services was JPY 47,993, and the personnel cost for non‐OH staff was JPY 38,699. The personnel cost for receipt of OH services — opportunity cost—was JPY 19,747, expense was JPY 25,512, depreciation expense was 34,849, and outsourcing cost was JPY 9,854. We compared actual OH services costs from two workplaces (the total OH services costs were JPY 182,151 and JPY 238,023) with the reference costs according to OH activity. The actual costs were different from the reference costs, especially in the case of personnel cost for non‐OH staff, expense, and depreciation expense.

Conclusions

Using our cost estimation tool, it is helpful to compare actual OH services cost data with reference cost data. The outcomes help employers make informed decisions regarding investment in OH services.
Играет ли сапрофагия существенную роль в питании Opatrum sabulosum (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae)?
Authors: Nazimov S. S. , Brygadyrenko V. V.
Published: May 2016

Проанализирована роль сапрофагии в питании Opatrumsabulosum (L.) – одного из вредителей полевых культур, в первую очередь подсолненчика и кукурузы. Имаго данного вида чернотелок содержали в пластиковых садках, на субстрате из разных видов почв и подстилок естественных экосистем и агроценозов без доступа к растительной пище в течение 15 суток. Контрольную группу содержали без субстрата. Ежесуточно 720 экземпляров жуков взвешивали. При отсутствии корма отмечается практически линейное уменьшение масы тела имаго (к пятнадцатому дню – до 73,9% от исходной массы). На черноземе обыкновенном легкоглинистом слабосмытом, среднесмытом и лугово-черноземных почвах достоверных отличий в динамике потери массы тела от контрольного варианата (без субстрата) не обнаружено. К 15-м суткам содержания имаго O. sabulosum (L.) на почвах посевов Helianthusannuus (L.), Zeamays(L.), Triticumdurum (Dest.) и Brassicanapus (L.) достоверных изменений массы тела также не зарегистрировано. Пребывание имаго в течение 15 суток на почве посевов Fagоpyrumesculentum (Gilib.) и Betavulgaris (L.) привело к снижению массы тела жуков по сравнению с контролем на 5,86% и 8,02% соответственно (вероятно из-за влияния пестицидной обработки, проводимой на полях данных культур). Для вариантов опыта с подстилкой из искусственного лесного насаждения, степного калдана и отмерших растительных остатков лугового фитоценоза тальвега балки достоверного изменения массы тела особей O. sabulosum(L.) не зарегистрировано. Жуки, находящиеся в садках с подстилкой (фрагменты хвои сосны, травянистых растений и листьев тополя черного), образованной на песчаных аллювиальных отложениях, достоверно снизили массу тела на 6,28% по сравнению с контрольной группой. Таким образом, увеличения массы тела особей O. sabulosum (L.) в садках с растительными остатками и почвой четырех обследованных экосистем не зарегистрировано. Результаты исследований показали, что детритофагия для даного вида чернотелок не характерна (по крайней мере ее роль в питании сильно преувеличена).
Вплив Cu2+ та кислотності середовища на вміст цитоплазматичного кальцію та перекисне окиснення ліпідів у коренях озимої пшениці
Authors: Riazanova M. E. , Makoveychuk T. I. , Schwartau V. V.
Published: May 2016

Досліджено вплив іонів Cu2+ на внутрішньоклітинний гомеостаз Са2+ та перекисне окиснення ліпідів в умовах різної кислотності середовища. Показано, що зниження рН середовища зумовлює підвищення [Ca2+]cyt і може бути відгуком клітин кореня на кислотний стрес. Додавання міді до середовища для пророщування насіння ймовірно підвищує неселективну проникність мембрани та спричинює її деполяризацію. Це може активувати Са-канали, що активуються за умов деполяризації та відповідають за надходження кальцію до цитоплазми з апопласту. Підвищення рівня МДА свідчить про наявність окисного стресу, який може активувати гіперполяризаційні Са-канали, що також впливають на [Ca2+]cyt. Таким чином, зміни інтенсивності Са2+-залежних метаболічних процесів (регуляція поділу клітин та ріст кореня) можуть бути наслідком токсичного впливу іонів Cu2+ на рослини озимої пшениці.
Вплив зімкненості крон дерев і покриття трав’янистих рослин на структуру підстилкової мезофауни широколистяних лісів степової зони України
Authors: Brygadyrenko V. V.
Published: May 2016

Здійснено аналіз підстилкової мезофауни широколистяних лісів на території Дніпропетровської, Запорізької, Миколаївської, Донецької областей України у 339 природних лісових екосистемах у 2001–2014 рр. Зімкненість крон дерев достовірно не впливає на чисельність підстилкової мезофауни та кількість видів безхребетних у підстилці. Індекси різноманіття Шеннона та Пілоу мають тенденцію до підвищення у градієнті зімкненості крон дерев (від менше 50% до 90–100%). Відносна чисельність сапрофагів і зоофагів мінімальна (медіана 18% та 3%) у лісових екосистемах із розрідженим наметом, має тенденцію до зростання у лісах із зім­кненим деревостаном (40% та 18%). Відносна чисельність поліфагів у мезофауні, навпаки, в таких умовах зменшується з 82% до 27%. Кількість видів кожної трофічної групи достовірно не змінюється у градієнті зімкненості крон дерев у широколистяних лісах степової зони. В умовах 70–79% зімкненості крон дерев розмірна структура підстилкової мезофауни наближається до оптимальної. Відносна чисельність мурах у підстилковій мезофауні максимальна (73%) у розріджених деревостанах (менше 49%), відносна частка Isopoda максимальна (медіана 40%) також в умовах розрідженого деревного намету (50–59%). У зімкнених деревостанах таксономічна структура на рівні рядів і родин стає більш вирівняною, у ній зникають домінанти, з відносною чисельністю понад 15%. Відносна чисельність більшості домінантних родин і рядів у градієнті зімкненості крон дерев достовірно не змінюється. Вплив покриття трав’яного ярусу менший, ніж деревного ярусу. Чисельність мезофауни підстилки широколистяних лісів максимальна у двох крайніх варіантах розвитку трав’яного ярусу: фрагментарний трав’яний ярус (покриття менше 15%) та щільний травостій (покритя 90–100%). Мінімальна чисельність підстилкової мезофауни реєструється в умовах середнього покриття трав’яними рослинами (45–59%). Кількість видів, індекси різноманіття Шеннона та Пілоу достовірно не змінюються у градієнті покриття ґрунту трав’яними рослинами у широколистяних степових лісах. Кількість видів фітофагів зростає в лісових екосистемах із середніми значеннями покриття трав’янистих рослин, а сапрофагів, зоофагів і поліфагів достовірно не змінюється. Структура домінування підстилкової мезофауни найбільшою мірою трансформована у крайніх варіантах розвитку трав’яного ярусу: за фрагментарного трав’яного покриву (менше 15%) та суцільного розвитку трав’яного ярусу (90–100%). Медіана кількості видів турунів максимальна для 15–29% покриття трав’яного ярусу. Відносна чисельність Carabidae у проаналізованих градаціях покриття трав’яної рослинності достовірно не змінюється. Медіана відносної чисельності Formicidae максимальна в умовах 60–74% покриття трав’яної рослинності, Isopoda – за 15–59% покриття трав’яного ярусу.
Pigments content in Сhlorella vulgaris under the influence of the sodium selenite and the ions of metals
Authors: Bodnar O. I. , Viniarska H. B. , Vasilenko O. V. , Grubinko V. V.
Published: May 2016

We investigated the content of pigments in Chlorella vulgaris Beij. (Chlorophyta) under the influence of sodium selenite in concentrations based on Se4+ 0.5, 5.0, 10.0 and 20.0 mg/dm3 during one, three and seven days and under the influence of the simultaneous action of selenite in concentrations 10 mg Se4+/dm3 and ions of Zn2+, Mn2+, Co2+,Cu2+, Fe3+ in concentrations 5.00, 0.25, 0.05, 0.008 and 0.002 mg/dm3over seven days. This research was carried out to establish the conditions for obtaining algal lipidis substance enriched with selenium and biogenic metals in the aquaculture. The content of pigments was determined spectrophotometrically, the cellular walls were separatedby centrifuge in the percoll gradient and investigated microscopically. The pigments content in the Ch. vulgaris increased by 1.5–2.5 times in comparison with the control sample under the influence of 10 mg Se4+/dm3 with and without metal ions, in all variants of experimental influence due to binding of SeО32– with proteins and lipids. We found that selenium was included in all lipid fractions (triacylglycerols, dyacylglycerols, phospholipids, nonetherified fatty acids); the maximum amount of selenium-containing lipids wasrecorded in chloroplasts. The increase in the contents of carotenoids caused by the actions of experimental factors played an exceptional role in the mechanism of antioxidant protection that prevents destruction of chlorophyll and, accordingly, increases its amount in cells. Changes in the functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus of Ch. vulgaris affect the whole complex of metabolic transformation. Thus, the successful cultivation of chlorella, enriched with selenium and biogenic metals, is possible within seven days under the influence of 10 mg Se4+/dm3 and the above-mentioned concentration of metal ions.
Diptera, Ceratopogonidae Newman, 1834: New records of Biting and Predaceous midges from Iberá wetlands, Argentina
Authors: Spinelli Gustavo R. , Marino Pablo I. , Mauad Melina
Published: May 2016

The first Argentina records of four species of biting and predaceous midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are provided from the Iberá wetlands in Corrientes Province: Forcipomyia (Euprojoannisia) unica Bystrak and Wirth, Echinohelea blantoni Wirth, Neobezzia fittkaui Wirth and Ratanaworabhan and Paryphoconus grandis Macfie. This is the first record of the predaceous midge genus, Echinohelea Macfie, from Argentina.