bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Gender Differences in the Kurdish Individual's Vision of Human Values in Kurdish Proverbs and its Dimensions Among University Students - A Cognitive Study –
Authors: Shams Hemin Abdulhameed , Mustafa Khalid Ismail
Published: September 2021

The research has a variety of aims. First, to clarify the cognitive level of the Kurdish individual about human values ​​in Kurdish proverbs and its related dimensions, as well as to know the impact of gender differences on Kurdish proverbs and its dimensions. To achieve these two aims, 150 undergraduate university students participated randomly in the current research. The researchers used a self-designed data-gathering tool consisting of 204 varieties of Kurdish proverbs, each proverb with five Likert options. The psychometric of collection tool which is the validity and reliability of the instrument was measured and was at the required level and good enough to be used. In order to analyze the data of the research, the researchers used the (SPSS) statistical package for the social sciences program. After analyzing the data, the results of the research showed that the cognitive level of the Kurdish individual about human values ​​was at a high and positive level according to the five Likert options, and the effect of gender differences on human values ​​and their dimensions were not statistically significant except for four dimensions. The analysis also showed controversial results for negative proverbs about each gender variable. In conclusion, the study in light of the research results made some recommendations and scientific suggestions to the related field.
The Analytical Theory Applied In The Chapter On Weapons From The “Munjids Book”
Authors: Daham Ala Sabri , Salih Abdulrahman Muhammed
Published: September 2021

Al-Munajjid’s book in the language “for an antlers” is the oldest objective dictionary that includes the verbal subscriber, and the analytical theory is based on the verbal subscriber’s words, so we chose to have the title of the research “The analytical theory applied in the chapter on weapons from the “munjids” book ” This theory is based on the deconstruction of meanings Words into parts of the year to the private, as they start with the grammatical determinant, then the semantic, and end with the distinction, with which the meaning of the word is distinguished by what other common words do not share with it, and this is what we applied to the door of arms in the Book of Locket.
The Problematic Formation and Competencies of the Federal Constitutional Judiciary in Iraq
Authors: Omer Shorsh Hassan , Al-Barznji Ibrahim Salih Qadir
Published: September 2021

This research is entitled (The Problematic Formation and Competencies of the Federal Constitutional Judiciary in Iraq) dealt with constitutional and legal organization of the constitutional judiciary in Iraq in both organic and functional aspects, and through this research, we found that the Iraqi constitutional legislator in The Law of Administration for the State of Iraq for the Transitional Period (2004)-abolished- , and Iraq's Constitution of (2005)-currently in force-, He recognized to found the constitutional judiciary in addition to the ordinary and administrative judiciary. By stipulating the establishment of a specialized judicial body which he is called "the Federal Supreme Court", and referred the lawmaker to form the court and organize its workflow. The constitutional legislator also assigned some competencies, exclusively to the court. Among them the jurisdiction to control the constitutionality of laws. The research focused on the scope and characteristics of this competence. Believing in the importance roles of the court to achieve constitutional justice and ensuring protection of rights and freedoms of constitutional citizenship.

 

In the course of this research, in which we adopted the methodology of comparison with a method of critical analysis for extrapolating the texts of the two constitutions and the law establishing the Federal Supreme Court No. (30) For the year 2005 regarding the composition and powers of the court. Also there are some comparisons in Iraqi constitutional judiciary system with compered countries constitutional judiciary systems.

It has been noticed many deficiencies and problems in this regard. In the light of this, we proposed to make amendments in some constitutional texts and the speed up to issuance of a new law for the Federal Supreme Court in conformity withconstitutional texts.
Language Deflected Aesthetics in the Poetry of (General Love) Muhammed Kurdo
Authors: Mustafa Aso Omer
Published: September 2021

Aesthetic is main sort of poetry, during the history the poems have focused on it and in term of concrete this they have tried a lot. Some of the detractors to evaluate the poetry texts they concrete the aesthetic.

‌    in this aspect our paper (Deflected aesthetics in the poetry of general love Muhammed Kurdo) it will attempt to illustrate those language deflected that have been concreted in his poetries.

‌   the research consists of three pivots. The first pivot (poetry´s deflected aesthetic) in general, it describes the concept of aesthetic, poetry, language, deflection and their relation to the construction of text aesthetic. The second pivot (heading aesthetic) this part describe the title aesthetic that have been concreted thru deflect. The third pivot (language deflected aesthetic) language deflected and those aesthetic dimensions in the texts have been described.

‌the result demonstrated in some points with the references.
Reflection of The Relations Between Human Beings & Animal in Kurdish Poetry
Authors: Saeed Jalal Anwer
Published: September 2021

Since the beginning of its appearance on this planet, human being has felt alien in one hand because he has not been familiar to anything in the wide nature he has lived in and in the other hand he has been afraid and felt hesitated due to his fear to from all other creatures. But gradually he has been familiar with nature and his environment and tried at the beginning to align himself with it then to overcome it and to use them for his own interest, especially the animals which are the second sequence after human being in the planet. This align and controlling is not a matter of one night and day, but it has gone through certain stages and periods and has taken certain forms until it reached to the form, we can see it today. This thesis has tried to point out the types of those relationships based on sequences and their reflections in Kurdish poetry which show the perspective of Kurdish poets towards animals.

The thesis points out five types of relationships between human being & animals based on their sequence and appearance as following:

Conflict Relationship.

Interest Relationship.

Friendship Relationship.

Spiritual Relationship.

Artistic Relationship.

Each of those relationships is explained theoretically except the spiritual relationship, examples are given for all other relationships in Kurdish poetry. The reason why we have not seen example in Kurdish poetry for spiritual relationship is to the fact that we believe Kurdish society is an Islamic society and its religious perspective has not allowed this relationship to exceed friendship relationship and to reach spiritual relationship. Even, the friendship relationship sometimes has been based on interest relationship.
Análise Multitemporal do Uso e Ocupação do Solo no Puntal Del Chifre - Olinda/PE
Authors: Lins Eduardo José Melo , Vaz Lafayette Kalinny Patricia , Cavalcanti Ariela Rocha , Lima da Silva Luciana Cássia , De Santana Melo Lins Josiane Maria , Bezerra Jonas da Silva
Published: September 2021

Os padrões de crescimento populacional estão ligados a quase todos os desafios enfrentados pela humanidade, incluindo a escassez de locais adequados para o desenvolvimento humano e ambiental. Dessa forma, encontra-se na zona costeira de Puntal Del Chifre, muitas áreas que deram lugar a ocupação urbana desordenada. O presente estudo tem por objetivo avaliar as mudanças de uso e ocupação do solo ocorridas no Puntal Del Chifre localizada no município de Olinda / PE, no período entre 1975 e 2014, através do uso de técnicas de Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG). Os resultados apontam para um significativo aumento da área urbanizada e diminuição da área de vegetação.  Coastal Areas and Urban Growth: Multitemporal Analysis of the Use and Occupation of the Soil at the Puntal Del Chifre - Olinda/PEA B S T R A C TPopulation growth patterns are linked to almost all the challenges that humanity faces, including the scarcity of adequate sites for human and environmental development. Thus, in the coastal zone of Puntal Del Chifre, many areas have given way to disordered urban occupation. The present study aims to evaluate the changes in land use and occupation occurring in the Puntal Del Horn located in the municipality of Olinda / PE, between 1975 and 2014, through the use of Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. The results point to a significant increase in the urban area and decrease of the vegetation area.Keywords:Coastal Zone; Georeferencing; Olinda.
Scientific bases of processing of animal products
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Shuvarikov A. S , Zhukova E. V.
Published: September 2021

The textbook provides the scientific basis for the production and processing of milk, the technology of dairy products; the role of domestic scientists in the formation of the dairy industry; describes the biological and nutritional value of milk; the composition and properties of milk of cows and farm animals of various species, organoleptic, physico-chemical, biochemical and technological properties of milk. The factors influencing the composition and properties of milk are presented. The article describes in detail the material on the biochemical and physico-chemical changes in milk during its storage and processing, in the production of fermented milk products, butter and spreads, cheese, ice cream, canned milk and ZCM, baby food products, products from secondary dairy raw materials. For students studying in the direction of training 35.03.07 "Technology of production and processing of agricultural products" of the direction "Technology of production, storage and processing of livestock products". The textbook contains the information necessary for the formation of professional competencies in the preparation of bachelors in the direction 35.03.07 Technology of production and processing of agricultural products and is recommended by the Federal UMO for use in the educational process.
History
Authors:   Timirâzevskaâ selʹskohozâjstvennaâ akademiâ, Pichuzhkin N.A.
Published: September 2021

The textbook "History" has been prepared in accordance with the approved State Educational Standard, which prescribes the study of the history of mankind from its inception to the present. The textbook material covers the history from the states of the Ancient East to the processes taking place in modern Russia. The textbook contains the main historical processes of world history, the knowledge of which contributes to the understanding of the national history. The educational material of this book will help to study the main historical processes, arm yourself with a good stock of historical knowledge. An important feature of the textbook is a significant amount of information on the agrarian history of both our country and other states. The textbook is intended for students of higher educational institutions of non-historical specialties and areas of training. Conclusion of the Federal Educational and Methodological Association for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries: "The textbook contains information necessary for the formation of professional competencies in the preparation of specialists in the direction of "Agroengineering" and is recommended by the Federal UMO for Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries for use in the educational process."
CONTEMPORARY NOVEL IN ASPECT OF FRAME POETICS
Authors: Bovsunivska Tetyana
Published: September 2021

The article considers the possibility of synthesizing the system of poetics on the basis of cognitology, in this case - the theory of frames. The frame poetics is able to provide motivation where classical, non-classical or postnonclassical cannot offer convincing motivations. Poetics develops according to the laws of human thinking, in particular fixed in the frame theory. Therefore, we have reason to use frames in literary studies, because the frame is a natural segmentation of thinking in literature as well as in any field of science. The problem of genre definitions and genre transformations in modern novel forms has created a crisis of genre delineation. Frame theory allows to solve this problem of genre definition. Оr look at the genre in a new way, contributing to the conclusion of a new genre gestalt. The formation of different modern novel forms is considered in the aspect of the evolution of different types of poetics, which were concluded by mankind throughout its existence. Poetics is a mental mnemonic system of recoding reality or fiction into the figurative world of a work of art. Postnonclassical poetics, which is represented primarily in the works of postmodernists, has ceased to meet the needs of literary analysis, as it no longer has time to generate theoretical approaches due to the many modifications of the modern novel. Thus, there was a problem of inventing a different approach to the analysis of the current state of novel. Poetics is renewed in order to provide a comprehensive analysis of the structure of thinking of the artistic phenomenon and loses relevance when it does not provide such an opportunity. The nature of thinking is immutable and consistent in the principles of thought construction, and therefore, frame poetics is an evolutionary product of all previous types of poetics. It cannot contradict classical or postnonclassical poetics because it is a question of purely cognitive regularities. The sources of basic ideas for the creation of frame poetics of literature are the theory of frames from M. Minsky to I. Hoffman and W. Wachstein, frame semantics in linguistics from C. Fillmore to S. Shid, the theory of psychological patterns by E. de Bono and dynamic patterns by N. Babutz with a projection on French literature of the modernist era, interdisciplinary methodology of cognitive literary criticism and Gestalt theory from T. Kuhn and I. Prigogine to K. Aidukevich and T. Kotarbinsky, and finally, iconology as a principle of embodied frame unfolding by E. Panufsky, N. Goodman to E. Cassirer, J. Richardson and W. T. Mitchell.
Influence of long-term use of various doses of mineral fertilizers on the productivity of grain-fallow crop rotation in the arid steppe of the Volga region
Authors: Yaroshenko Tatiana Mikhailovna , Zhuravlev Dmitry Yurevich , Klimova Nadezhda Fedorovna
Published: September 2021

The work reflects the analysis of changes in the productivity of crops of crop rotation during the long-term use of fertilizer systems in a stationary experiment for the period from VI to VIII rotation (1999-2001 - 2016-2018). The influence of various doses of nitrogen, phosphorus and nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers on the change in the content of nitrate nitrogen and mobile phosphorus in the conditions of the southern chernozem for the specified period of research was determined. The responsiveness of crop rotation crops to the application of nitrogen, phosphorus, and nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizers in minimum, medium and high doses has been established.
Dynamics of pneumatic drive of devices for udder massage of animals
Authors: Krasnova Alexandra Yuryevna , Krasnov Yuri Ivanovich , Krasnov Ivan Nikolaevich , Miroshnikova Valentina Viktorovna
Published: September 2021

The paper presents the results of theoretical developments on the deformation of flexible shells of the executive bodies of the means of stripping, the assessment of their mechanical impact on the udder of the heifer and first-calf, the dynamics of the pneumatic drive of the executive bodies. The design and technological parameters of the devices for milking first-calf heifers and massaging the udder of heifers are justified, the set and duration of technological operations for animal milking and the economic efficiency of their implementation are determined.
“Thou Art The Man” by Edgar Allan Poe “Sen Gerçek Bir Beyefendisin”
Authors: EKMEKÇİ Çelik
Published: September 2021

Thou Art The Man” by Edgar Allan Poe
“Sen Gerçek Bir Beyefendisin”
Fertilización nitrogenada y emisión de N2O en la producción de maíz en la Comarca Lagunera
Authors: García Sepúlveda Jorge Luis , Cueto Wong José Antonio , Báez Pérez Aurelio , Saynes Santillán Vinisa
Published: September 2021

Se estableció un experimento para cuantificar el nivel de emisiones de N2O en el suelo en respuesta a la aplicación de dosis crecientes de fertilización nitrogenada para la producción de maíz. Los tratamientos fueron los siguientes: 1) testigo, sin aplicación de nitrógeno (N); 2) aplicación de 200 kg ha-1 de N; y 3) aplicación de 400 kg ha-1 de N. Se empleó un diseño experimental en bloques al azar con tres repeticiones. En julio de 2018 se establecieron los tratamientos correspondientes con maíz forrajero. Para efectuar las mediciones de emisión de N2O se colocaron dos cámaras estáticas de PVC en cada unidad experimental: una en el bordo del surco (B), donde se aplicó el fertilizante, y otra en el fondo de éste (F). Se realizaron mediciones periódicas y al mismo tiempo se recolectaron muestras de suelo de 0 a 15 cm de profundidad para medir el contenido de humedad y N inorgánico (N-NO3- + N-NH4+) y temperatura del suelo. El contenido de N inorgánico del suelo fluctuó en promedio de 28 a 59 mg kg-1 de suelo y el flujo de emisiones de N2O fluctuó de 22 a 60 g ha-1 día-1. Ambos se relacionaron estrechamente con las dosis crecientes de fertilización nitrogenada, tanto en el bordo como el fondo del surco, la R2 fluctuó entre 0.81 y 0.99. La tendencia se ajustó a un modelo exponencial. La producción forraje seco y gano alcanzaron 17.5 y 9.6 t ha-1, respectivamente, con la dosis de fertilización nitrogenada más alta. No hubo diferencias significativas (p< 0.05) entre 200 y 400 unidades de N ha-1, lo cual indicó un bajo aprovechamiento de N por el cultivo y mayor emisión de N2O con ésta última.
Complejo PVA-quitosán-nCu mejora el rendimiento y la respuesta de defensa en tomate
Authors: Rivera-Jaramillo Yoselin Athalia , Cadenas-Pliego Gregorio , Benavides-Mendoza Adalberto , Sandoval-Rangel Alberto , Cabrera-De la Fuente Marcelino
Published: September 2021

Actualmente el uso de la nanotecnología está revolucionando la producción agrícola. Se ha demostrado que las nanopartículas de cobre tienen un efecto en el crecimiento y desarrollo de las diferentes especies vegetales, además de operar como inductores de resistencia al estrés. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar la respuesta en el crecimiento y rendimiento, así como la activación del sistema de defensa de plantas de tomate. Los tratamientos evaluados fueron un complejo de alcohol polivinílico-quitosán-nanopartículas de cobre (PVA-Cts-nCu), otro complejo de PVA-Cts y un testigo absoluto (T0). Los tratamientos se aplicaron vía foliar en plantas de tomate bajo condiciones de invernadero. Durante el ciclo del cultivo, se determinaron variables agronómicas, y la actividad de enzimas relacionadas a la tolerancia a estrés como β-1,3 glucanasa, quitinasa y fenilalanina amonio liasa (PAL), así como la expresión del gen PR1. El complejo PVA-Cts-nCu incrementó el rendimiento, número de frutos, peso promedio de fruto, peso fresco aéreo y peso fresco de la raíz, además, promovió el sistema de defensa mediante el aumento en la actividad enzimática PAL, así como la sobreexpresión del gen PR1.
Análisis bibliométrico de la producción científica sobre cadena de valor turística
Authors: Rosas Jaco María Isabel , Almeraya Quintero Silvia Xochilt , Guajardo Hernández Lenin Gerardo , Sangerman-Jarquín Dora Ma.
Published: September 2021

Para desarrollar el potencial turístico de una comunidad local, región o destino turístico en general es importante identificar cada uno de los elementos que lo componen y como es que éstos trabajan. Esta información es recabada y publicada, en su mayoría, en artículos científicos. Por lo que el objetivo central de esta investigación es analizar el estado del conocimiento, mediante un estudio bibliométrico retrospectivo, la producción científica que desarrolle mencione y proponga elementos relacionados con el tema cadenas de valor con enfoque turístico destacando factores como autor, afiliación, país, tipo de documento, entre otros. La metodología de la investigación se basa en una revisión documental e información bibliométrica retrospectiva de artículos relacionados con el tema de cadenas de valor turísticas. Para ello, se consultó la base de datos Scopus haciendo la búsqueda del tema ‘tourism value chain’ escrita en el título, resumen o palabras clave del artículo, teniendo como resultado 52 trabajos de investigación realizados entre los años 2010-2020. La consulta de dichos documentos se realizó entre el 20 de julio 2020 al 25 de junio de 2021 en el sitio web www.scopus.com. Se concluye que los estudios sobre cadenas de valor turísticas de los últimos diez años son pocas, en donde predomina la modalidad de artículo y como país líder Tailandia, aunque también hay países Latinoamericanos que pueden sentar las bases de este tema y visibilizar la importancia de la investigación de cadenas de valor turísticas para lograr un desarrollo equitativo entre todos los eslabones de la cadena.
“Altares tacheros”: minietnografías azarosas de la vida (religiosa) cotidiana
Authors: Frigerio Alejandro
Published: September 2021

This work shows -and analyzes- the assemblages of magical-religious symbols and images than many taxi drivers in the city of Buenos Aires hang from their car mirrors or sun visors. It uses the word “altars” cautiously to make these minimalist traces of daily religious life of the locals—objects which protect against the perils of the daily hustle and bustle and also witness relations established with specific suprahumans— visible. In these heterogenous assemblages, Catholic saints and virgins appear, along with popular saints and Eastern and /or esoteric symbols —which bear witness to the rich magical-religious diversity of the city— as well as photographs and souvenirs of sacrally charged individuals and social collectives (children, relatives, soccer clubs). These “altars” are evidence of religious routes and beloved relatives, but are also result from random interactions with passengers, and bear witness to more general and less well-known patterns of how the city’s inhabitants relate to suprahuman beings.
Música popular, globalización y economía
Authors: Olvera José Juan , Hirai Shinji
Published: September 2021

Introduction to the dossier: "Popular music, globalization and economy". The set of works that make up this dossier addresses issues related to the thematic convergence between globalization, popular music and economy, whose diverse and unequal universes require the help of different disciplines, such as ethnomusicology, sociology, social psychology and, importantly, social anthropology and its ethnographic method.
Cultura de mercado e cultura solidária
Authors: Assmann Hugo
Published: September 2021

Na primeira parte, de cunho introdutório, queremos sentir o que sinaliza a recepção tão diferenciada da CA, especulando um pouco sobre a estratégia do Papa. Na segunda, vem a explicação do marco referencial: o questionamento-eixo (ver título), o fato maior que deveria polarizar nossa atenção, e o patamar mínimo de consensos necessários para avançar na reflexão. Na terceira, daremos destaque aos princípios contidos na(s) encíclica(s) que adquirem uma força peculiar sob o prisma aqui adotado. Na quarta e última, faremos um pequeno inventário dos achados à luz da sua eventual utilidade pastoral e política.
Market Power in Agricultural Land Markets: Concepts and Empirical Challenges
Authors: Balmann Alfons , Graubner Marten , Müller Daniel , Hüttel Silke , Seifert Stefan , Odening Martin , Plogmann Jana , Ritter Matthias
Published: September 2021

This paper provides review about challenges and opportunities to assess and quantify market power in agricultural land markets. Measuring land market power is challenging because the characteristics of this production factor hinder the direct application of familiar concepts from commodity markets. Immobility, fixed availability, and large heterogeneity of land and potential users contradict assumptions of fictitious point market for homogeneous goods. Moreover, the use of concentration indicators for policy assessments is hampered by two problems. First, defining the relevant regional size of the market is challenging and concentration indicators are not robust with regard to market size and number of actors. Second, high concentration of land ownership or land operation may point at potential market power, but it may also be the result of an efficient allocation of land due to structural change in agriculture. The aforementioned challenges are illustrated with a case study for the Federal State of Brandenburg in Germany. Using available data for land sales, a regression analysis reveals a negative relationship between land use concentration and farmland prices. This result can be interpreted as an indication of market power on the buyer side in agricultural land markets. However, it is hardly possible to translate this finding into recommendations for land market regulations because the evaluation of the potential misuse of dominant positions in land markets requires a case-specific analysis. Providing evidence for the exertion of market power in land markets is extremely complex and deserves further attention from researchers and politicians.
THE MEANING AND IMPORTANCE OF TURKEY-AZERBAIJAN RELATIONS
Authors: Karabulut Kerem
Published: September 2021

Turkey and Azerbaijan are two states that have a unity of history, language, religion,
race and culture and have to think about each other and act together in all their practices and purposes
in the region. Looking at the development in Turkey-Azerbaijan trade, both import and export figures
are increasing. This indicates that the ties between the two countries are getting stronger. The
Karabakh Victory in 2020 brought the two countries even closer.
Because Turkey supported Azerbaijan with all its might during the war. Turkey's support
has created great satisfaction on the Azerbaijani side. The cooperation of the two countries has driven
the invading and aggressor Armenia out of Karabakh. All these developments created the beginning
of a new era in the region. The future political, military, economic and social relations of Turkey and
Azerbaijan, which have acted together since history, will increase.
With the opening of the Zangezur corridor, regional and world trade will be revived. Peace,
tranquility, stability and economic development will be ensured in the Caucasus. With thisstudy, both
the meaning and importance of Turkey-Azerbaijan relations and the effects of the Karabakh Victory
are tried to be evaluated.
Purpose: To evaluate the Turkey-Azerbaijan relations and the effects of the Karabakh Victory
within the framework of these relations.
Methodology: To evaluate the developments according to scientific sources and statistics.
Scientific novelty:Relations between Turkey and Azerbaijan could not develop during the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). When the USSR collapsed in 1991, relations between the
two countries improved. Armenia's occupation of Azerbaijani lands and its baseless claims
against the two countries were weakened by the Karabakh Victory. It is important to investigate the
effects of these post-victory relationships
PENERAPAN SISTEM INFORMASI PEMASARAN PADA USAHA KECIL MENENGAH (UKM) DI PURWOKERTO
Authors: Hidayah Arini , Purnadi Purnadi
Published: September 2021

This research, entitled "Implementation of Information Systems Marketing On Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Purwokerto". The purpose of this study was to determine the profile and the problems faced by SMEs in Purwokerto, and to investigate the role of local governments to SMEs in Purwokerto. The object of this study is the Small and Medium Enterprises in Purwokerto. Results from this study is an integrated website on SMEs in Purwokerto which contains information about the product, the company's distribution network, promotional activities and direct sales company and product prices firm

Keywords: Marketing, SME, Marketing and Information Systems Marketing
PENGARUH DEBT TO ASSET RATIO (DAR), DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO (DER), LONG TERM DEBT TO ASSET RATIO (LDAR) DAN LONG TERM DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO (LDER) TERHADAP PROFITABILITY (ROE) PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA PERIODE 2012-2014
Authors: Priyanto Slamet , Darmawan Akhmad
Published: September 2021

Every company in running their business has the goal to maximize the profit to enrich the owner or stock holder one of them is trough financing (modal structure). The decision in financing (modal structure) is an important aspect in getting maximal profit. This research aims to find out the effect of modal structure consisting : Debt To Asset Ratio (DAR), Debt To Equity Ratio (DER), Long Term Debt To Asset Ratio (LDAR), Long Term Debt To Equity Ratio (LDER) on Profitability (ROE) of the manufacture companies listed in Indonesia stock exchange (BEI) in the period of 2012-2014. This is a quantitative research. The

population of this research is 141 manufacture companies listed in Indonesia Stock exchange. The sampling method was by purposive sampling. Based on determined criteria, there were 97 companies in a year therefore the total sample in 3 years was 291 samples. The research methodology was descriptive statistic analysis; statistic analysis was trough multiple linear regression and classical assumption test. The hypothesis test was by seeing the value of F count and t count in regression test. The result of the research showed that the coefficient of t test regression (partial) of DAR variable and LDER affected positively towards ROE, DER variable and LDAR negatively towards ROE. F test (simultaneously) of DAR, DER, LDAR & LDER affected positively towards ROE.

Key words : Debt To Asset Ratio (DAR), Debt To Equity Ratio (DER), Long Term Debt To

Asset Ratio (LDAR), Long Term Debt To Equity Ratio (LDER) and Profitability (ROE).
POTENSI HASIL PRODUK BLEAGIBERRY (BLEACHING GIGI EKSTRAK BUAH STRAWBERRY)
Authors: Nikhla Saelin , Nuraeni Afik , Fauziyah Ulfatunnisa
Published: September 2021

Buah strawberry sudah lama diketahui memiliki banyak khasiat. Selain diambil sarinya, buah strawberry baik untuk memutihkan gigi (Bararah, 2009). Strawberry merupakan sumber yang kaya akan vitamin C dan beberapa senyawa antioksidan lainnya. Buah dan daun strawberry berkhasiat sebagai pemutih kulit alami, pemutih email gigi serta mencegah penumpukan karang gigi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keunggulan produk BLEAGIBERRY dan potensi hasil yang didapatkan dalam usaha BLEAGIBERRY. Metode yang digunakan ada 5 yaitu pencarian bahan baku dan alat yang pendukung, pelaksanaan produksi, pengujian produk, pembuatan kemasan dan pemasaran. Hasil yang dicapai dari produksi BLEAGIBERRY yaitu laba per produk sebesar 107% dari HPP. Sedangkan untuk BEP produk yaitu total penjulan sebesar 12.500.000, BEP unit sejumlah 50 unit, BEP rupiah sebesar Rp 5.732.809 dan Payback period selama 20 bulan.Kata Kunci: Strawberry, BLEAGIBERRY, BEP ( Break Event Point )
Sensitivity of infl uenza virus strains isolated from various regions of Kazakhstan in 2018–2019 to antiviral drugs
Authors: Glebova T. I. , Klivleyeva N. G. , Lukmanova G. V. , Saktaganov N. T. , Ongarbayeva N. S.
Published: September 2021

The purpose of the study was to examine susceptibility of the Kazakhstan strains of infl uenza A/H1N1 and type B viruses, isolated from various regions of Kazakhstan in 2018–2019, to antiviral drugs. Materials and methods. The susceptibility analysis of 20 strains of infl uenza A/H1N1 and B viruses was carried out with chemotherapeutic agents including Remantadine, Tamifl u, Arbidol, and Ingavirin. Viruses were cultured in the allantoic cavity of developing 10-day-old chicken embryos for 48 hours at 36 °C. The hemagglutinating activity was determined according to the conventional method on 96-well plates using 0.75% chicken red blood cell suspension; the infectivity was calculated by the Reed-Muench method. The sensitivity of virus strains to diff erent concentrations of antiviral drugs was evaluated by the level of reproductive suppression of 100 lg EID50/0.2 ml of virus in chicken embryos. Statistical analysis was performed with the use of Microsoft Offi ce Excel 2010 software. Results. A study of sensitivity to chemotherapeutic agents demonstrated heterogeneity of Kazakhstan 2018–2019 infl uenza A and B viruses population on this feature. The sensitivity to Tamifl u was found in all Kazakhstan strains of infl uenza A/H1N1 virus and three type B strains (inhibitory concentration was 0.44–25.38 μg/mL). The reproduction of most viruses was eff ectively inhibited by tamifl u at a concentration of 0.68–3.23 μg/mL. The inhibitory concentration for the three strains of A/H1N1 virus was 7.23–25.38 μg/mL. Remantadin inhibited the reproduction of viruses at higher doses (12.60–25.55 μg/mL). All viruses under study were resistant to Arbidol and Ingavirin. One type B infl uenza virus was found to be weakly sensitive to Ingavirin. Conclusion. The heterogeneity of the infl uenza virus population in their sensitivity to antiviral drugs indicates the need for constant epidemiological surveillance in order to identify drug-resistant variants.
Ultrasonic fi nding of dumbbellshaped lipomatous hypertrophy of interatrial septum
Authors: Levin V. I. , Simonenko V. B. , Nugaeva N. R. , Sukmarova Z. N. , Afonina O. V. , Bryklya E. V.
Published: September 2021

Benign lipomatous formations rank second in frequency among primary cardiac tumors. According to the degree of encapsulation, they are divided into two groups — adipose tumors and lipomatous hypertrophies of interatrial septum. Cases of lipomatosis of the heart and lipomatous hypertrophy of interatrial septum were described in scientifi c editions in years past. Interest in this pathology is related to the question: is it necessary to perform preventive surgical intervention before the appearance of clinical signs of endocardial hemodynamics disturbance? Moreover, the risk associated with surgery is much higher than the existence of a benign hyperplastic process in the anatomical structures of the heart.
Clinical case of longterm artifi cial ventilation of the lungs in a patient in a chronic vegetative state.
Authors: Kharkov E. I. , Tsibulskaya N. Yu. , Ustyugov D. I. , Pavlova I. S. , Omylova Yu. V. , Khachatryan V. M.
Published: September 2021

The article presents a clinical observation of long-term (18 years) artifi cial ventilation in a patient in a chronic vegetative state.
A Case Series Coexistence of PFO with Other Conditions - Who’s the Culprit?
Authors: Hudaja Dessytha Nathania , Soetjipto Aurea Stella , Ariyani Queen Sugih , Soesanto Michael , Pardede Ingrid Maria
Published: September 2021

Abstract. 

Background: Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a major cause of cryptogenic stroke (CS). However, it is still possible that PFO comes with those other conditions during evaluation. This paper presents a series of CS cases highly suspected due to PFO origin with each of its special presentations.

Case illustration/summary of a review article: We present three cases of CS with PFO as a possible contributing factor. Case 1 showed a patient with repeated ischemic strokes that was investigated to be cryptogenic in origin. Case 2 showed CS with PFO and occult atrial fibrillation. Case 3 showed CS at a young age caused by a PFO with protein C/S deficiency.

Conclusion: The role of PFO as a culprit, risk factor, or a coincidental finding in CS is still debatable and is a controversial issue. Determining PFO as a cause of CS requires a thorough consideration of clinical and PFO anatomical/morphological factors.
Удосконалення методики оцінювання ефективності радіоелектронного подавлення ліній радіозв’язку з шумоподібними сигналами
Authors: Кубрак О.М. , Дюков І.М.
Published: September 2021

В арміях багатьох країн світу інформаційне забезпечення командирів здійснюється з використанням автоматизованих систем управління військами. Ці системи об’єднуються в єдину мережу за допомогою цифрових засобів радіозв’язку, які використовують шумоподібні сигнали. Тому задля досягнення переваги над противником не останню роль відіграє радіоелектронна боротьба, як основна сила, що направлена на дезорганізацію управління противника. У статті наведено порядок оцінювання ефективності радіоелектронного подавлення ліній радіозв’язку, що використовують сигнали з прямим розширення спектру.
Удосконалення системи охорони військових об'єктів шляхом розробки засобів радіоелектронної боротьби для протидії БПЛА
Authors: Женжера С.В. , Литвин А.В. , Бровко А.А.
Published: September 2021

Для покращення системи охорони військових об'єктів (особливо складів артилерійського озброєння) від ударних дій БПЛА запропоновано використання малопотужних постановників завад для придушення каналу управління ними. У процесі роботи були розраховані зони надійного управління і зони придушення каналу управління БПЛА для обґрунтування мінімальних потужностей постановника завад на прикладі охорони складу РАО з периметром території 1200 м. Відповідно до розрахунків запропонована принципова схема 5‑ти канального постановника завад для протидії БПЛА з потужністю випромінювання 5 Вт, вартість якого значного дешевше промислових аналогів.
Методика оцінювання обстановки командиром тактичної ланки
Authors: Телюков С.М. , Гузченко С.В. , Гатченко Є.С.
Published: September 2021

Запропоновано методику оцінювання бойової обстановки командиром тактичної ланки під час організації бою. Дана методика обгрунтована на оцінюванні бойових потенціалів протидіючих сторін та, в подальшому, оцінюванні можливостей по реалізації, цих потенціалів в зовнішніх умовах. Представлено характеристики елементів бойової обстановки, а також характер та особливості взаємного впливу її елементів між собою. Розроблена методика забезпечує логічний і послідовний порядок проведення процедури оцінювання бойової обстановки, та відображає причинно-наслідкові зв’язки між її складовими елементами Методика дозволить отримати на початковому етапі процесу оцінювання перші об’єктивні висновки для подальшого вироблення замислу і формулювання рішення, в складних інформаційних умовах та при обмеженні часу. Також розроблена методика дозволить раціонально розподілити зусилля між офіцерами штабу під час оцінювання бойової обстановки.
Підхід щодо врахування впливу несприятливих факторів на ефективність пошуково-рятувального забезпечення в операціях
Authors: Ситник Ю.Б.
Published: September 2021

У статті проведений аналіз факторів, що впливають на оцінку ефективності пошуково-рятувального забезпечення в операціях об'єднань і угруповань сил (військ) Збройних Сил України, яке реалізоване в спеціальному математичному та програмному забезпеченні комплексу засобів автоматизації авіаційної рятувальної операції. Реалізовані математичні моделі описують тільки окремі аспекти реальних процесів або їх ідеалізовані представлення шляхом внесення в моделі поправочних коефіцієнтів, виразів в залежності від різних відхилень реальних умов від ідеалізованих. Якщо дослідник має статистику, то задача прогнозування значення ступеня впливу несприятливих факторів може бути поставлена та розв’язана в умовах стохастичної невизначеності. Таке визначення прогнозних значень передбачає допущення, які полягають в тому, що сукупність чинників, яка визначала статистичні значення ступеня впливу, залишається незмінною на прогнозований термін часу. При такому допущенні довгострокове прогнозування значень ступеня впливу факторів не може вважатись задовільним. Якщо дослідник не має статистики чи вона обмежена, то прогнозування значень ступеня слід розглядати в умовах нестохастичної невизначеності. В цих умовах доцільним підходом є використання методів експертного оцінювання. Підхід з використанням нечітких експертних оцінок впливу несприятливих факторів і його реалізація дозволяє значною мірою подолати основні проблеми при пошуково-рятувальних діях в операціях. В якості математичної моделі врахування впливу несприятливих факторів на ефективність пошуково-рятувального забезпечення в операціях об'єднань і угруповань сил ЗСУ визначена ієрархічна модель, що базується на теорії нечітких множин. Запропонована евристична реалізація нечіткого підходу з мінімальною кількістю терм-множин лінгвістичних змінних дозволяє отримати результат в умовах обмежених вхідних даних, що надає можливість оцінити вплив несприятливих факторів на ефективність пошуково-рятувальних дій в умовах невизначеності. Запропонований підхід і його реалізація можуть служити основою для подальшої розробки методів, методики оцінки ефективності пошуково-рятувальних дій з більш гнучким врахуванням впливу несприятливих факторів.
Рекомендації щодо реалізації методики вибору варіантів використання системи бортових вимірювань
Authors: Кузнецов В.О. , Добришкін Ю.М. , Собора А.І.
Published: September 2021

Розробка рекомендацій щодо практичної реалізації методичного підходу вибору варіантів використання системи бортових вимірювань дозволить підвищити ефективність проведення  випробувань зразків озброєння та військової техніки різного функціонального призначення і є актуальним науковим завданням. Оснащення Збройних Сил України новітніми зразками озброєння та військової техніки призводить до необхідності вдосконалення системи випробувань, в тому числі і системи бортових вимірювань. В існуючих публікаціях запропоновано підхід щодо вибору варіантів використання системи бортових вимірювань для проведення випробувань повітряних суден. Відсутні рекомендації щодо практичної реалізації методичного підходу щодо вибору варіантів використання системи бортових вимірювань для проведення випробувань зразків військової техніки. Метою роботи є підвищення ефективності проведення випробувань зразків озброєння та військової техніки різного функціонального призначення. Розроблені рекомендації, які потребують проведення комплексу організаційно-технічних заходів та направлені на забезпечення ефективного функціонування системи бортових вимірювань під час організації та проведення випробувань. Практична реалізація запропонованих рекомендацій потребує: дублювання вимірювань параметрів сучасних зразків озброєння та військової техніки; застосування сучасного телекомунікаційного обладнання та протоколів для передачі вимірювальної інформації; комплексне використання засобів траєкторних вимірювань та фото, відеофіксації; забезпечення зручного доступу до експлуатації засобів бортових вимірювань з мінімальними масово-габаритними розмірами; створення баз даних засобів бортових вимірювань, об’єктів випробувань з інформацією про їх тактико-технічні характеристики, параметри, які підлягають оцінці, та вимоги до точності вимірювань.
Effects of Stocking Density on Stress Response and Susceptibility to Infectious Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus in Rainbow Trout
Authors: Klug Jenna J , Treuting Piper M , Sanders George E , Winton James R , Kurath Gael
Published: September 2021

The goals of this study were to examine the effect of stocking density on the stress response and disease susceptibility in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish were sorted into one of 2 stocking densities (high density "HD", 20-40 kg/m3) or (low density,
"LD", 4-8 kg/m3) and 3 stress indices (cortisol levels in serum and water, and neutrophil: lymphocyte (N:L) ratios from blood smears) were measured at multiple time points over 21 d. Serum cortisol was significantly increased at 1 h in LD samples and at 14 d in HD samples. Water
cortisol concentrations were significantly higher in LD tanks as compared with HD tanks on day 14. N:L ratios were significantly higher in HD tanks on day 14 as compared with LD tanks and with baseline. The effect of stocking density on mortality after exposure to infectious hematopoietic
necrosis virus (IHNV) was compared between fish held in HD or LD conditions, with or without prior acclimation to the different density conditions. No significant differences in survival were found between HD and LD treatments or between acclimated and nonacclimated treatments. Cumulative
results indicate that 1) 1 to 4 gram rainbow trout did not generally demonstrate significant differences in stress indices at the density conditions tested over a 21-d period, 2) independent differences were found in 3 stress indices at day 14 after sorting into LD and HD holding conditions;
and 3) LD and HD stocking densities did not have a significant effect on mortality due to IHNV.
The Influence of Publicity and Sales Promotion on Marketing Performance in Nigeria
Authors: Segun Ogunmuyiwa Michael
Published: September 2021

Sales promotion and publicity are key promotional marketing tools which have assisted organizations to wax stronger in a global competitive environment. This study investigates the significance of publicity and sales promotion in Nigeria. The research design adopted for this study is survey research design while the sampling technique adopted is simple random sampling technique The Chi-square method is used to test the hypothesis based on the responses from the five-point Likert rating scale of the structured questionnaire. The findings reveal that publicity and sales promotion are veritable tools for achieving organizational marketing goals in a competitive marketing environment. It is recommended that publicity and sales promotion should be well utilized to stimulate customers demand, boost organizational reputation without detriment to product quality and performance. JEL Codes: M31, M37 Keywords: publicity, sales promotion, digital marketing era, promotion mix, marketing tools, marketing performance
Relationship between Stress Perceived and Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Intensive Care Nurses During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Menekli Tuğba , Doğan Runida , Yıldız Erman
Published: September 2021

The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between perceived stress and gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms during the COVID-19 outbreak in the intensive care unit (ICU) nurses. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 170 nurses working in the ICUs of a hospital in eastern Turkey. Descriptive, chi-square and multiple linear regression analyses were used to analyze data. In the last three months, 48.2% of the nurses had complaints such as heartburn, 44.1% abdominal distension, 41.7% diarrhea/ constipation. The mean perceived stress level experienced by the nurses was found to be 29.30±5.73. Results from regression analysis included perceived stress score, gender, perceived health status, diet, having been infected with COVID-19 before and risk degree of the ICU in question in terms of COVID-19 revealed a statistically significant associated with scores obtained from GI symptoms. Perceived stress level, health perception status, having been infected with COVID-19 before and the high-risk status of the intensive care unit in question for COVID-19 were predictive factors for the occurrence of gastrointestinal symptoms. These findings may provide a basis for creating a healthy work environment where factors contributing to work-related stress are reduced and coping strategies are developed. Keywords: gastrointestinal symptoms, intensive care, nurses, stress