bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BURDEN OF STOMACH CANCER IN the RUSSIAN FEDERATION, 1990-2019: ANALYSIS OF THE 2019 GLOBAL BURDEN OF DISEASE STUDY
Authors:   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia, Leonteva Anastasiia , Pasechnik Oksana ,   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia, Plotnikova Olga ,   Omsk State Medical University, Omsk, Russia
Published: August 2024

Significance. Russia is among the European Region countries with the highest number of new cases and deaths from stomach cancer. The purpose of the study was to assess trends in indicators characterizing the burden of stomach cancer in the Russian Federation in 1990-2019 and analyze gender and age distribution of the burden. Material and methods. This study relies on data from the Global Burden of Disease Study on the incidence of and mortality from stomach cancer in Russia over almost a 30-year period from 1990 to 2019. The study design was a descriptive observational epidemiological study, where we employed correlation and regression analysis. Results. In 2019, there were registered 37 112 new stomach cancer cases and 30 920 stomach cancer deaths in Russia, which resulted in a total loss of 725 768 DALYs registered that year. During 1990-2019, there was a decrease in all indicators of the cancer burden (average annual decline in incidence equaled to 2.2% and a 1.3% decline in prevalence, a 2.7% decline in mortality and a 2.9% decline in DALY), however these changes were uneven, with periods of sharp increases, decreases, and stabilization of the indicators. Since 2002, a more gradual decline in the burden of stomach cancer has been recorded, and it is worth noting that the rate of decline is gradually decreasing. The following two factors played a major role in reducing the burden of stomach cancer: a decrease in the incidence of precancerous diseases of the stomach and improvements in socio-economic indicators in the country. Conclusion. Despite a positive trend in the dynamics in the stomach cancer burden indicators, the trends in these indicators are significantly slowing down, suggesting a need for evaluation and possible adjustment of preventive, therapeutic and diagnostic measures, especially among young working-age population.
Metode Penalaran tentang Tuhan: Membaca Pemikiran 'Abdul Qahir al-Bagdadi (w. 429 H/ 1038 M) dalam Karyanya Kitāb Uṣūluddīn
Authors: Ryandi Ryandi , Drajat Amroeni , Long Abdullah bin
Published: August 2024

The correct reasoning about God is important in Islamic faith. The value judgment of reasoning incorrectly about God is heresy. Al-Bagdadi was early Ash’arite (4th/5th AH), who compiled many correct reasoning arguments about God in his work Kitāb Uṣūluddīn. His arguments have influenced later Ash’arites such as Abu Muzaffar al-Isfaraini (w. 471 H/ 1078 M), Imam al-Haramain al-Juwaini (w. 478 H/ 1085 M), and Hujjatul Islam al-Gazali (w. 505/ 1111 M). This article explores al-Bagdadi's reasoning arguments elaborated in his work Uṣūluddīn, to then be reduced to the three methods of reasoning commonly used by the Ashharite, namely dalīl al-tamānu’, qiyās al-gayb ’alā al-syāhid, and al-sabr wa al-taqsīm. After analyzing his Uṣūluddīn, it is concluded that al-Bagdadi uses these three methods of reasoning in his description of God. Dalīl al-tamānu’ is used by al-Bagdadi to prove the oneness of God (waḥdāniyyah). Qiyās al-gayb ’alā al-syāhid is used to prove the existence of God, and the perfection of His attributes. As for al-sabr wa al-taqsīm is used to prove the truth of seeing God in the hereafter (ru'yatullāh), and the negation of limitations on the God. In addition to strengthening the Islamic faith with correct reasoning, the logical arguments built by al-Bagdadi are also intended to criticize deviant views of God, both from outside and internal Islam.  Because it is reason-based, its arguments are universally applicable.
Tazkiyah al-nafs sebagai Terapi Penyakit Jiwa (Tinjauan Hadis)
Authors: Al Faruqi Achmad Reza Hutama , Fuadi Imam , Haeba Ilham Dwitama
Published: August 2024

Artikel ini mengupas tentang makna tazkiyah al-Nafs yang terkandung dalam hadis Nabi SAW. Hakikatnya manusia merupakan makhluk yang memiliki entitas fisik dan non-fisik. Non-fisik meliputi jiwa, ruh, dan qalb, aql di mana jika terjangkit penyakit maka sulit untuk disembuhkan dibanding penyakit fisik, karena sifatnya yang mudah untuk berubah. Sehingga para psikolog baik Muslim maupun Barat ikut serta dalam mengambil peran dalam penyelesaian persoalan tersebut. Dalam kajian psikolog Barat, persoalan tersebut terhenti hanya pada manusia sendiri, tidak melibatkan hal-hal yang metafisik. Untuk itu, perlunya penelitian ini mengangkat persoalan tazkiyah al-Nafs dalam perspektif hadis. Penelitian ini menggunakan kajian kepustakaan (Library Research) dengan metode analisis konten (contens-analysis) pendekatan hadis dengan sanad perawi yang muttasil. Sehingga menghasilkan beberapa poin di antaranya bahwa tazkiyah an-Nafs merupakan solusi Muslim untuk menyucikan jiwanya dari beberapa penyakit manusia, seperti berbangga diri, sombong, kikir, dan lain sebagainya. Bahkan hadis Nabi pun juga dijelaskan bagaimana seorang Muslim mampu mengkondisikan dirinya dari berbagai penyakit jiwa, yaitu dengan shalat, puasa, dzikir, dan masih banyak lagi metode dalam Islam untuk tazkiyah an-Nafs.
The OBS UK Dashboard: an Interactive Tool for Representative Trial Site Selection to Facilitate Equality and Diversity in Maternity Research
Authors: Elsmore Amy , Rai Tanvi , Pallmann Philip , Townson Julia , Kotecha Sarah , Black Mairead , Sanders Julia , Collis Rachel , Collins Peter , Karunakaran Bala , Wu Pensee , Bell Sarah , Parry-Smith William
Published: August 2024

Background
Obstetric Bleeding Study UK (award ID:152057) is a NIHR-funded stepped wedge cluster randomised controlled trial of a complex intervention for postpartum haemorrhage. This was developed in Wales and evaluated in a feasibility study, with improvements in maternal outcomes observed. Generalisability of the findings is limited by lack of control data and limited ethnic diversity in the Welsh obstetric patient population compared to the United Kingdom (UK): 94% of the Welsh population identifies as White, versus 82% in the UK from Census 2021. Non-white ethnicity and socioeconomic deprivation are linked to increased risk of adverse maternal outcomes. Traditionally, decisions regarding site selection are based on desire to complete trials on target in ‘tried and tested’ research active institutions. To ensure widespread applicability of the results and investigate the impact of ethnicity and social deprivation on trial outcomes, maternity units were recruited that represent the ethnic diversity and social deprivation profiles of the UK.
Method
Using routinely collected, publicly available data an interactive dashboard was developed that demonstrates the demographics of the population served by each maternity unit in the UK, to inform site recruitment. Data on births per year, ethnic and socioeconomic group of the population for each maternity unit, across the UK were integrated into the dashboard.
Results
The dashboard demonstrates that OBS UK trial sites reflect the ethnic and socioeconomic diversity of the UK (study vs UK population ethnicity: White 79.2% vs 81.7%, Asian 10.5% vs 9.3%., Black 4.7% vs 4.0%, Mixed 2.5% vs 2.9%, Other 3.0% vs 2.1%) with variation in site demography, size, and location. Missing data varied across sites and nations and is presented.
Conclusion
The NIHR equality, diversity, and inclusion strategy states studies must widen participation, facilitating individuals from all backgrounds to engage. The development of this novel interactive dashboard demonstrates an innovative way of achieving this. Future maternity researchers should consider using this tool to ensure inclusivity and establish results that are clinically relevant and applicable across the National Health Service.
Trial Registration
ISRCTN 17679951
Role of Inflammation in Depressive and Anxiety Disorders, Affect, and Cognition: Genetic and Non-Genetic Findings in the Lifelines Cohort Study.
Authors: Giollabhui Naoise Mac , Slaney Chloe , Hemani Gibran , Foley Eimear , Most Peter van der , Nolte Ilja , Snieder Harold , Smith George Davey , Khandaker Golam , Hartman Catharina
Published: August 2024

Inflammation is associated with a range of neuropsychiatric symptoms; however, the nature of the causal relationship is unclear. We used complementary non-genetic, genetic risk score (GRS), and Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to examine whether inflammatory markers are associated with affect, depressive and anxiety disorders, and cognition. We tested in ≈ 55,098 (59% female) individuals from the Dutch Lifelines cohort the concurrent/prospective associations of C-reactive protein (CRP) with: depressive and anxiety disorders; positive/negative affect; and attention, psychomotor speed, episodic memory, and executive functioning. Additionally, we examined the association between inflammatory GRSs (CRP, interleukin-6 [IL-6], IL-6 receptor [IL-6R and soluble IL-6R (sIL-6R)], glycoprotein acetyls [GlycA]) on these same outcomes (Nmax=57,946), followed by MR analysis examining evidence of causality of CRP on outcomes (Nmax=23,268). In non-genetic analyses, higher CRP was associated with a depressive disorder, lower positive/higher negative affect, and worse executive function, attention, and psychomotor speed after adjusting for potential confounders. In genetic analyses, CRPGRS was associated with any anxiety disorder (β = 0.002, p = 0.037) whereas GlycAGRS was associated with major depressive disorder (β = 0.001, p = 0.036). Both CRPGRS (β = 0.006, p = 0.035) and GlycAGRS (β = 0.006, p = 0.049) were associated with greater negative affect. Inflammatory GRSs were not associated with cognition, except sIL-6RGRS which was associated with poorer memory (β=-0.009, p = 0.018). There was weak evidence for a CRP-anxiety association using MR (β = 0.12; p = 0.054). Genetic and non-genetic analyses provide consistent evidence for an association between CRP and negative affect. These results suggest that dysregulated immune physiology may impact a broad range of trans-diagnostic affective symptoms.
Developing a machine learning model for predicting 30-day major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events in patients undergoing noncardiac surgery
Authors: Suh Jung-Won , Kwun Ju-Seung , Ahn Houng-beom , Kang Si-Hyuck , Yoo Sooyoung , Kim Seok , Song Wongeun , Hyun Junho , Oh Ji Seon , Baek Gakyoung
Published: August 2024

To reduce unnecessary delays and manage medical costs efficiently for low-risk patients undergoing noncardiac surgery, we developed a predictive model for major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) using the OMOP Common Data Model (CDM) and machine learning algorithms. This retrospective study collected data from 46,225 patients at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital and 396,424 patients at Asan Medical Center. Patients aged 65 or older undergoing non-cardiac, non-emergency surgeries with at least 30 days of observation were included. Machine learning models were developed using the OHDSI open-source patient-level prediction package in R version 4.1.0. All models outperformed the Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI), with the random forest model achieving an AUROC of 0.817 in external validation and demonstrating moderate calibration. Key predictors included previous diagnoses and laboratory measurements, highlighting their importance in perioperative risk prediction. Our model shows promise for improving clinical practice and reducing medical costs.
Comparative study of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy with Pharmacotherapy for Persistent Postural-Perceptual Dizziness: A Pilot Study
Authors: Kang Jeongae , Tanaka Tsunehiko , Yagi Chihiro , Horii Arata
Published: August 2024

We conducted a non-randomized, open-label, parallel-group study on patients with persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) to compare cognitive-behavioral therapy ([CBT] group, n = 20) received a 6-session CBT program with pharmacotherapy ([PT] group, n = 22) received serotonin-related antidepressants. Outcomes were assessed using the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Niigata PPPD Questionnaire (NPQ). Assessments were performed before and 3 months post-treatment. There were no significant differences in patients background such as sex, age, precipitating conditions, and vestibular function tests, however, illness duration was significantly longer in the CBT group than the PT group. Both CBT and PT significantly lowered the levels of dizziness-related handicaps in daily life (DHI), depression (HADS-D), anxiety (HADS-A), and symptom exacerbations by triggers (NPQ), while two-way ANOVA revealed no treatment x time interaction. Nonetheless, CBT yielded a larger Hedges’ g effect size in improving DHI, HADS-A and NPQ than PT. While PT is reportedly sometimes discontinued due to adverse events such as vomiting, all patients in the CBT group could complete the program with no adverse effects. CBT is a potential therapy for PPPD which is safe and effective as equal to or greater than PT even for patients with prolonged illness. Clinical trial registration numbers and date of registration: UMIN-CTR: UMIN000054701, 18/06/2024
Identification of Plasma Protein Targets in Sepsis through Integrative Genomic and Proteomic Analysis
Authors: Chen Xu , Shi Kaijia , Zheng Yi , Tian Weikun , Qi Yuanjun , Zhang Na , Wang Xueyuan , Tian Xinghan
Published: August 2024

Objective: To identify plasma protein targets with potential therapeutic implications for sepsis using genetic and proteomic data integration.
Methods: We explored plasma proteomics data from deCODE Genetics, which measured 4,719 proteins in 35,559 Icelandic individuals, and genomics data on sepsis from 361,141 participants in the UK Biobank. Utilizing cis-pQTLs as instrumental variables, we conducted Mendelian Randomization to identify circulating plasma proteins causally linked to the risk of sepsis. After adjusting for false discovery rate (FDR), the associated proteins were further analyzed through Protein-Protein Interaction analysis and Bayesian colocalization. Ultimately, protein exhibiting the strongest colocalization evidence was subjected to molecular docking to identify targeted therapeutics for sepsis.
Results: From 229 initial proteins, 27 significant proteins pass FDR correction. Among these, 11 proteins showed positive associations and 16 demonstrated negative associations with sepsis risk. Protein-Protein Interactions analysis indicated strong interactions among 15 proteins related to immune and inflammatory responses. Bayesian colocalization analysis identified GFER protein as having the strongest evidence of colocalization. GFER protein demonstrated stable binding with nicotinamide, positioning them as high-potential drug targets.
Conclusion: Our results highlight the effectiveness of integrating genetic and proteomic data to identify new therapeutic targets for sepsis. GFER protein is particularly promising candidates for further therapeutic development.
Comprhensive Pan-cancer Analysis of MEX3A Gene and Its Related Mechanism
Authors: Wang Zhiwei , Feng Eryou , Lin Dasheng , Lin Wentao
Published: August 2024

Objective
Cancer remains a significant global health challenge with a high mortality rate. MEX3A is implicated in tumor development and progression by regulating cell proliferation and migration. This study aims to elucidate the impact of MEX3A expression on osteosarcoma and unravel the pathogenic mechanisms of MEX3A in pan-cancer.
Methods
A pan-cancer analysis of MEX3A was performed using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. The study examined MEX3A expression differences, the relationship between expression levels and patient survival, genetic alterations, immune infiltration, and associated cellular pathways to understand MEX3A's roles and underlying mechanisms in cancer pathogenesis and prognosis.
Results
The analysis results of different datasets showed that low MEX3A expression was associated with an inferior prognosis in leukemia (LAML), while high MEX3A expression was associated with poorer prognosis in adrenocortical cancer (ACC), kidney chromophobe (KICH), liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), mesothelioma (MESO), pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PCPG), sarcoma (SARC), thyroid carcinoma (THCA), and uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC). The expression of MEX3A was positively correlates with all six immune cell types infiltration in ACC, SARC, and THCA. MEX3A expression has a negative correlation with monocyte and M1 macrophage infiltration in SARC, whereas a positive correlation was observed with M0 macrophages, plasma B cells, and naive B cells. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient results indicated a positive correlation between MEX3A expression and TMB in thymoma (THYM), BRCA, KICH, LAML, LUAD, and PRAD, while a negative correlation was observed in UCS, COAD, and esophageal carcinoma (ESCA). The correlation between MEX3A expression and MSI revealed a positive correlation with UVM, BLCA, CESC, KICH, LIHC, and LUSC, while a negative correlation with MSI was observed in COAD, lymphoid neoplasm diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBC), BRCA, LUAD, and LAML. MEX3A expression is positively correlated with five DNA repair genes in non-Hodgkin's squamous cell carcinoma (NHSC), KIRP, LUAD, OV, PRAD, and UCEC, with a high level of significance. And in SARC, MEX3A expression showed a strong correlation with MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2 and a moderate correlation with EPCAM. Enrichment analysis showed that MEX3A was highly expressed in the SPLICEOSOME, AMINOACYL-tRNA BIOSYNTHESIS, ASTHMA, COMPLEMENT AND COAGULATION CASCADES, INTESTINAL IMMUNE NETWORK FOR IgA PRODUCTION, and AUTOIMMUNE THYROID DISEASE pathways.
Conclusion
Elevated MEX3A expression correlates with poor prognosis in osteosarcoma, breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA), and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), underscoring its potential as a prognostic marker in these cancers.
Evening Exercise Does Not Affect Sleep Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Siranart Noppachai , Tokavanich Nithi , Keawkanha Ponthakorn , Sowalertrat Walit , Pajareya Patavee , Joensahakij Setthawut , Prasitlumkum Narut , Navaravong Leenhapong , Cheungpasitporn Wisit , Chokesuwattanaskul Ronpichai
Published: August 2024

Background: The relationships between exercise timing and health outcomes including anthropometric indices, metabolic markers, and sleep health have not been clearly established. To gain better insights, we performed the meta-analysis to determine the effects of morning versus evening exercise on various health outcomes.
Methods: We collected studies from MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases from inception to March 2023 to perform a meta-analysis. Exercise is defined as performing activity at least moderate intensity. For the outcomes of interest, the mean differences (MD) were employed using a random-effects model, the generic inverse variance method of DerSimonian and Laird.
Results: A total of 716 patients were analyzed from 14 studies including randomized controlled trial and observational studies. We found no significant associations between exercise timing and several health-related parameters. Specifically, the data showed no notable differences in body weight (MD: -0.12 kg [95% CI −0.81 to 0.58]) and BMI (MD: -0.07 kg/m2 [95% CI −0.46 to 0.32]) when comparing morning and evening exercise sessions. Similarly, sleep latency was not significantly affected by exercise timing (MD: -2.24 minutes [95% CI −5.83 to 1.35]). Furthermore, changes in metabolic biomarkers, including LDL (MD: -6.64 mg/dL [95% CI −20.08 to 6.79]) and HDL (MD: 0.09 mg/dL [95% CI 0 to 0.17]), were not significantly associated with the timing of exercise.
Conclusion: This meta-analysis found no significant relationship between exercise timing and health outcomes including anthropometric indices, metabolic markers, and sleep health. While considered as hypothesis generating, timing of exercise should equally prune patients’ health outcomes.
Urban health state estimation based on multi-source heterogeneous data of traffic and air pollution
Authors: Sun Rongrong , Liu Lingfei , Zheng Chao , Tang Qiankun
Published: August 2024

In order to comprehend the impact of urban health on individuals' lives, behaviors, and choices in metropolitan areas, we suggest a framework known as the Health of the Public (HOTP) framework. This framework utilizes diverse sources of urban data to identify urban health. Firstly, we carry out pre-processing and feature processing of air quality data. Subsequently, we pre-process traffic congestion data and process its relevant features. Finally, we integrate the results from both data feature extraction processes to reason and evaluate the urban health status. The predicted results of our HOTP method corresponded with the actual urban operations. This demonstrates that our methodology proficiently integrates metropolitan commute information and atmospheric contamination data to accurately evaluate the overall health level of the city.
Predicting antipsychotic responsiveness using a machine learning classifier trained on plasma levels of inflammatory markers in schizophrenia
Authors: Lee Jimmy , Yee Jie Yin , Phua Ser-Xian , See Yuen Mei , Andiappan Anand , Goh Wilson
Published: August 2024

Background
In this research study, we apply machine learning techniques to navigate the multifaceted landscape of schizophrenia. Our method entails the development of predictive models, emphasizing peripheral inflammatory biomarkers, which are classified into treatment response subgroups: antipsychotic-responsive, clozapine-responsive, and clozapine-resistant.
Methods
The study comprises 146 schizophrenia patients (49 antipsychotics-responsive, 68 clozapine-responsive, 29 clozapine-resistant) and 49 healthy controls. Protein levels of immune biomarkers were quantified using the Olink Target 96 Inflammation Panel. To predict labels, a support vector machine classifier is trained on the Olink data matrix and evaluated via leave-one-out cross-validation. Associated protein biomarkers are identified via recursive feature elimination.
Findings
We constructed three separate predictive models for binary classification: one to discern healthy controls from individuals with schizophrenia (AUC = 0.74), another to differentiate individuals who were responsive to antipsychotics (AUC = 0.88), and a third to distinguish treatment-resistant individuals (AUC = 0.78). Employing machine learning techniques, we identified features capable of distinguishing between treatment response subgroups.
Interpretation
In this study, support vector machine demonstrates the power of machine learning to uncover subtle signals often overlooked by traditional statistics. Unlike t-tests, it handles multiple features simultaneously, capturing complex data relationships. Chosen for simplicity, robustness, and reliance on strong feature sets, its integration with artificial intelligence techniques like SHapely Additive exPlanations enhances model interpretability, especially for biomarker screening. This study highlights the potential of integrating machine learning techniques in clinical practice. Not only does it deepen our understanding of schizophrenia's heterogeneity, but it also holds promise for enhancing predictive accuracy, thereby facilitating more targeted and effective interventions in the treatment of this complex mental health disorder.
Increase in Religiosity Over Time is Associated with Reduced Cystatin C Levels Among U.S. Adults
Authors: Boateng Augustine Cassis Obeng , Britt Katherine Caroll , Sebu Joshua , Oh Hayoung , Lekwauwa Ruby , Doolittle Benjamin
Published: August 2024

Background: Religiosity is associated with better health, yet the underlying mechanism is unclear. Cystatin C is a marker of oxidative stress, vascular dysfunction, and inflammation. We assessed the influence of religiosity on cystatin C levels among participants in the Health and Retirement Study (HRS).
Method: This is a retrospective secondary analysis of the HRS data from 2006 (wave 1), 2010 (wave 2), and 2014 (wave 3), a nationally representative study from the United States. A total of 2,358 participants with complete cases were included in the panel data analysis examining change in religiosity on cystatin C levels. Religiosity and cystatin C were assessed using the Brief Multidimensional Measure of Religiousness/Spirituality scale and serum cystatin C levels, respectively, controlling for covariates.
Results: Approximately 59.1% of the participants were female, 87.4% were white, and 12.6% belonged to other races. The average years of education was 13.2 years. From 2006 to 2014, mean cystatin C levels increased from 1.016mg/L to 1.215mg/L, indicating worsening kidney function over time. In the final model, an increase in religiosity over time was negatively associated with cystatin C levels (B: -0.003, 95% CI: -0.005, -0.001). Higher education (B: -0.011, 95% CI: -0.018, -0.005) and being married (B: -0.039, 95% CI: -0.077, -0.001) were negatively associated with cystatin C levels. In contrast, diagnoses of hypertension (B: 0.094,95% CI: 0.064, 0.125), diabetes (B: 0.109, 95% CI: 0.067, 0.152), and overweight (B=0.072, 95% CI: 0.041, 0.102) were positively associated with cystatin C levels. No observed relationship between sex, race, and cystatin c levels.
Conclusion: Increased religiosity is associated with lower cystatin C levels and may play a role in modulating the course of illnesses to which oxidative stress, vascular dysfunction, or inflammation may contribute. This study will enhance our understanding of how religiosity might influence kidney health and quality of life.
The Model Predict Acceptance and Rejection of Babies Among Postpartum Mothers
Authors: Manurung Suryani , Marianthi Dewi , Hasnani Fenti , Rahyani Ni Komang Yuni
Published: August 2024

Background
Infant abandonment throughout the world, especially in Southeast Asia, is relatively high. The stress of life changes a mother's behaviour negatively, resulting in the baby being abandoned.
Objective
This research aims to develop a model of postnatal care to predict the rejection and acceptance of the baby.
Method
Cross-sectional design. The sample was 205 respondents. Likert scale instrument with favourable and unfavourable items. Inclusion criteria are mothers who have babies aged 0–40 days. Analysis used IBM Statistics 22, Lisrel 8.80 software. Statistical analysis: univariate, explanatory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), validity, reliability, cut-of-point, and categorization.
Results
Results: The average age of women was 26.63 (SD = 3.9), with a range of 19–39 years. EFA results in a Bartlett's Sphericity value < .05 and the correlation between variables is quite large. The total variance explained is seven indicator variables out of 77.71 totalling 40 items. Analysis with CFA on 40 items and meeting the goodness of fit criteria resulted in 18 items or 4 indicator variables, consisting of Emotional Stability (4 items), Personality (Active & passive-aggressive) (4 items), and Responsiveness emotional (6 items), responsiveness/Neglect (4 items). Construct reliability of the four indicator variables is .9820 (> .70). Variance extracted .75 (> .5). 18 items were declared valid and reliable. The cut-of-point score with 3 categories, namely low score < 42 (baby acceptance), medium score 42 ≤ X < 66 (risk of baby rejection), and high score ≥ 66 (baby rejection).
Conclusion
Model of mother-infant parenting patterns during the postpartum period which describes the baby's acceptance and rejection was built with 18 items and 4 indicator variables. Strategies to strengthen the mother's ability to caring the baby from preconception until the postpartum period.
Multi-scale Differences in Landscape Connectivity Evaluation and Protection Strategies: A Case Study of Chongqing, China
Authors: Rao Xianlong , Li Jue , Li Jiayan
Published: August 2024

In the context of rapid urban expansion, protecting landscape connectivity has become an important means of addressing habitat fragmentation and enhancing biodiversity. Using Chongqing, China, as a case study, this research establishes a multi-scale evaluation framework of "main urban area - main metropolitan area - Chongqing city." By employing landscape connectivity indices and ecological security patterns, the study reveals the scale differences in landscape connectivity from both structural and functional perspectives and proposes protection strategies from a multi-scale viewpoint. The results indicate that in terms of structural connectivity, when the research scale is expanded to medium and large scales, the dPC levels of all core areas within the main urban area (small scale) significantly drop to levels 1–3. At the large scale, the core areas in Jiangjin District, Nanchuan District, and Fuling District within the main metropolitan area (medium scale) exhibit characteristics of significant downgrading (level 8 to level 2), some downgrading (level 9 to level 8), and upgrading (level 7 to level 9), respectively. In terms of functional connectivity, the corridors (394.79 km²) and sources (39.61 km²) in Beibei District, Yubei District, Nan'an District, and Banan District are very important for landscape connectivity protection at small and medium scales; the corridors (11.33 km²) and sources (1180.41 km²) in Nanchuan District and Fuling District are crucial for landscape connectivity protection at medium and large scales. This study provides systematic and comprehensive strategic references for landscape connectivity protection.
Enhancing Point Cloud Density using MEMS Mirror-based Focusing for LiDAR Systems
Authors: Li Wen Jung , YANG Donghai , CHEN Meng , YU Xiaodong , CHEN Qingjiu , ZHANG Guanglie
Published: August 2024

LiDAR has become a prominent technology in 3D sensing due to its reliable distance detection. However, the sparse point cloud data it produces, particularly during long-range scanning, poses challenges for data processing. To overcome this, we developed a novel LiDAR system with a focusing functionality to improve point cloud density when scanning distance objects. The system, which comprises a MEMS mirror-based LiDAR and a CMOS camera, leverages the adjustable light beam steering of the MEMS mirror to dynamically alter the laser beam angle according to the target size, thereby enhancing the point cloud density for long-range targets. The integrated camera and image recognition technology facilitate automatic target detection, enabling dynamic control of the MEMS mirrors for focusing. Experimental results showed a significant increase in effective returns on the target from 18 to 93 after focusing at a distance of 30 meters, improving vertical resolution by 83.4%. Scanning of long-range targets also demonstrated a substantial enhancement in point cloud density and resolution.
Acrocyanosis as a rare presentation of drug-induced cutaneous vasculitis: A Case Report
Authors: Zakaria Ezwan Rafizi , Ghazali Wan Syamimee Wan , Sazali Hafsah , Shahril Nor Shuhaila , Nawi Siti Nurbaya Mohd
Published: August 2024

Background: Acrocyanosis is characterised by persistent bluish discoloration of the extremities, resulting from reduced peripheral blood flow leading to increased oxygen extraction. The aetiology can be divided into primary and secondary causes. While primary acrocyanosis is generally painless and has a benign course, secondary causes may lead to complications. This case reported acrocyanosis secondary to cutaneous vasculitis which progressed to digital gangrene, which is a rare complication of cutaneous vasculitis.
Case presentation: A 68-year-old man presented with a four-day history of bluish discolouration involving bilateral toes associated with pain and started to become gangrenous. Investigations for critical limb ischemia did not show evidence of critical arterial stenosis. Further history revealed history of recent administration of intramuscular injections with diclofenac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent for renal colic pain a few days prior to the onset of the . Thorough skin search showed multiple purpuric rash of his thighs, buttocks and abdomen. Skin biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of cutaneous (lymphocytic) vasculitis, which was likely to be drug-induced. The acrocyanosis initially responded to methylprednisolone, however unfortunately it progressed further to digital gangrene which required bilateral transmetatarsal amputations.
Conclusion: Knowledge on clinical features, aetiology and investigations of secondary acrocyanosis is crucial for early recognition and treatment of the underlying cause to prevent irreversible complications.
Biophysical Properties of CTCFL and AHR Condensate Regulate Glutathione S-Transferase Mediated Lymph Node Density in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Huanrong , Wang Rong , Zhong Haihui , Gu Peigui
Published: August 2024

Background Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) prognosis is closely associated with lymph node density (LND). The identification of biomarkers and regulatory mechanisms influencing LND could enhance our understanding of ESCC progression and inform therapeutic strategies.Methods This study analyzed 8,716 esophageal cancer patients to determine the prognostic significance of LND. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to assess clinical factors. Gene expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between LND < 0.12 and LND ≥ 0.12 groups. Functional enrichment, protein-protein interactions, and transcriptional regulation were investigated using advanced computational tools, immunoprecipitation, immunofluorescence, CUT&Tag sequencing, and phase separation assays.Results Higher LND (≥ 0.12) was associated with poorer survival outcomes. DEGs analysis revealed significant enrichment in glutathione metabolic pathways. CTCFL and AHR transcription factors were identified as key regulators of glutathione S-Transferase (GSTs) genes. These transcription factors exhibited phase separation properties, enhancing GSTs transcription. Knockdown experiments confirmed that CTCFL and AHR collaboratively regulate GSTs, affecting reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and LND. In vivo, ESCC models demonstrated upregulation of CTCFL, AHR, and GSTs in high-LND mice, corroborating the regulatory role of these factors in tumor progression.Conclusion The transcription factors CTCFL and AHR regulate GST-mediated glutathione metabolism, influencing LND and ESCC progression. Targeting these regulatory pathways may offer novel therapeutic approaches for managing ESCC.
Comparative Evaluation of Hypertension Prevention, Treatment and Control Efforts among Pilot and Non-pilot Health Facilities in Amhara Region, Northern Ethiopia, 2022: a Parallel Evaluation Design
Authors: Gashe Abiyie Demelash , Addisu Alefech , Zenebe Dawit , Yusuf Aman
Published: August 2024

Background With increasing trends of hypertension, Ethiopia has been piloting hypertension program whose effectiveness was not ascertained yet. Therefore, this study aimed to determine effectiveness of pilot hypertension program in the Amhara region of Ethiopia. Methods We followed a parallel evaluation design to describe hypertension prevention, treatment and control efforts of four pilot and four non-pilot facilities in Amhara region from April 1–30, 2022. We used checklist with a structured questionnaire to collect data from record reviews, patient interviews and observations. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. The statistical comparison was made using chi-square test, t-test, 95% CI and p < 0.05. Result Pilot facilities demonstrated better performances in hypertension prevention (72.8% vs 43.6%), hypertension treatment (85.3% vs 55.0%) and hypertension control (49.8% vs 42.4%) domains. The rate of opportunistic blood pressure (BP) screening was higher in pilot facilities (91%) 95% CI: 87.8–93.5% than non-pilot facilities (74.4%), 95% CI: 71.2–79.7%. There was a statistically significant difference in hypertension detection rates between pilot facilities (19.9%), 95% CI: 16.2–24.0%) and non-pilot facilities (14.9%), 95% CI: 11.7–18.6%. Half (51.8%) of hypertensive patients in pilot and 42.4% in non-pilot facilities had controlled thier BP with a statistically significant difference between facilities, chi-square, X2 = 0.823; p < 0.001. The mean performances across three domains was better in pilot facilities than non-pilot facilities (76.1% vs51.2%), t-test, t = 2.125; p = 0.042. Conclusion the evaluation of the pilot hypertension program in the Amhara region of Ethiopia has demonstrated promising results. Pilot facilities showed better performances across the three domains. They demonstrated better opportunistic BP screening, case detection and retention into care, and BP control compared to non-pilot facilities. Based on these findings, pilot hypertension program in the Amhara region should be scaled up into nationwide program and the successful components pilot program such as structured approach to hypertension management, protocol adherence, and integration of hypertension service into primary healthcare should be replicated.
Pulmonary arterial hypertension as an unusual presentation of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma: a case report
Authors: Jung Ji Yoon
Published: August 2024

Background: Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a rare form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma with diverse clinical presentations. This report describes a unique case of AITL presenting with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), a rarely associated complication.
Case presentation: An 84-year-old male with a history of gastric cancer presented with dyspnea. Initial investigations revealed lymphadenopathy, pleural effusion, and severe PAH. Diagnostic workup, including histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of an excisional lymph node biopsy and advanced imaging techniques, confirmed the diagnosis of AITL. The patient was treated with a mini-CHOP (comprising adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, mesna, vincristine, and prednisolone) chemotherapy regimen, leading to significant improvement in PAH and other symptoms, and achieving complete remission as confirmed by torso positron emission tomography-computed tomography scans. This case highlights the diagnostic challenge posed by atypical manifestations of AITL, such as PAH. The effective response to chemotherapy in this patient emphasizes the potential for conventional treatment regimens in managing rare presentations of AITL.
Conclusions: This report contributes to the limited literature on AITL with PAH and underscores the importance of considering AITL in differential diagnoses for patients presenting with PAH.
ABCG2 predicts the prognosis and is associated with immune infiltration in lung cancer: a bioinformatics study
Authors: Zhai Yang , Zhai XinLong
Published: August 2024

Background
ATP-binding cassette superfamily G member 2 (ABCG2), a member of the ATP-binding cassette transporter family, is localized in the membrane of various human cancer cells and excludes drugs from cells in an ATP-dependent manner. Its expression is linked to numerous malignant tumors. This study focused on the expression of the ABCG2 gene in lung cancer and its association with patient prognosis.
Methods
The expression levels of ABCG2 between lung cancer and normal tissues were explored using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database. The Human Protein Mapping (HPA) database was used to obtain the expression of ABCG2 protein in tissues and organs and intracellular protein expression patterns. ABCG2 was detected in the plasma membrane and nucleoplasm. University of California Santa Cruz (UCSC) and cBioPortal were used to obtain gene mapping and mutation information. The ABCG2 was significantly correlated with patient survival prognosis and immune infiltration of cancer‑associated fibroblasts in numerous types of cancer. Furthermore, Gene Ontology analysis identified that ABCG2 may be important in metabolic and cellular processes in human cancers.
Results
ABCG2 expression was significantly associated with multiple cancers, including lung cancer in TCGA. ABCG2 protein plays a crucial role in tumor regrowth by actively removing anticancer drugs from the cell through ABCG2-mediated efflux transport, thereby protecting against their toxic effects. The functional enrichment of ABCG2-related genes primarily involves the regulation of small GTPase-mediated signal transduction, myeloid leukocyte activation, positive regulation of cell adhesion, and endocytic vesicle localization. Additionally, it is associated with vacuolar membrane organization, lysosomal membrane organization, GTPase regulator activity, nucleoside-triphosphatase regulator activity, and small GTPase binding.
Conclusion
ABCG2 expression was significantly associated with poor prognosis in lung cancer patients. ABCG2 is involved in lung cancer immune infiltration and represents a suitable target for immunotherapy related to immune infiltration.
The Outcome of Thrombotic Microangiopathy in Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Haq Kanza , Lin Shanshan , Dasgupta Alana , Obaidi Zainab , Bagnasco Serena , Maggiore Umberto , Alachkar Nada
Published: August 2024

Background
The outcome of kidney transplant recipients with a history of complement-mediated thrombotic microangiopathy (cTMA) and those who develop post-transplant de novo TMA (dnTMA) is largely unknown.
Methods
We retrospectively studied all kidney transplant recipients with end-stage kidney disease secondary to cTMA and those who developed dnTMA, between Jan 2000 and Dec 2020 in our center.
Results
We identified 134 patients, 22 with cTMA and 112 had dnTMA. Patients with cTMA were younger at the time of TMA diagnosis (age at diagnosis, 28.9 ± 16.3. vs 46.5 ± 16.0 years; P < 0.001). T-cell mediated rejection, borderline rejection, and calcineurin inhibitor toxicity were more prevalent in the first kidney transplant biopsy (P < 0.05) in the dnTMA group, and antibody-mediated rejection was more prevalent in anytime-biopsy (P = 0.027). After adjusting for potential confounders, cTMA was associated with a 6-fold increase in the hazard of transplant failure during the first-year post-transplant (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 6.37 [95%CI: 2.17 to18.68; P = 0.001]; the aHR decreased by 0.87 (95% CI: 0.76 to 0.99: P = 0.033) per year elapsed since transplantation. Long-term allograft survival was similar in both groups.
Conclusion
Post kidney transplant TMA is an important cause of poor allograft survival. More studies are needed to enhance our understanding and management of this disorder.
A novel ecological momentary assessment app for the investigation of daily cognitive functioning in breast cancer survivors: A feasibility study
Authors: Cobden Annalee L. , Burnett Jake , Saward Jacqueline B , Burmester Alex , Singh Mervyn , Domínguez Juan , Gates Priscilla , Lippey Jocelyn , Caeyenberghs Karen
Published: August 2024

Purpose
Breast cancer survivors often experience cancer-related cognitive impairment (CRCI), such as problems with memory and attention. However, typical neuropsychological test batteries are unable to capture the day-to-day variability of cognition and may be underestimating CRCI. The present study aims to assess the feasibility, usability, and validity of a novel ecological momentary assessment (EMA) app of cognition.
Methods
Nineteen breast cancer survivors 6–36-months post-chemotherapy and 26 healthy controls completed the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery. Subsequently, participants completed the EMA app (once a day, for 30 days) comprising four cognitive tasks assessing processing speed, working memory, inhibition, and attention. At the conclusion of the app, participants completed a usability questionnaire on which content analysis was performed. Feasibility was assessed against eight criteria, including accessibility, app compliance and technical smoothness. Convergent construct validity was assessed using Spearman's correlation analyses between the NIH toolbox and the EMA app.
Results
Five of eight feasibility criteria were met, including: accessibility, app motivation, participation rate, drop-out, and data collection. Additionally, our content analyses revealed four themes important to usability: self-development, altruism, engagement, and functionality. Majority of the EMA tasks were moderately positively correlated with the corresponding constructs of the NIH toolbox tasks (R’s range: 0.55–0.64), indicating, better performance on the EMA app coincided with better performance on the NIH toolbox.
Conclusions
Our findings show the app was accessible, participants were motivated to complete sessions and our tasks showed good construct validity.
Implications for Cancer Survivors:
Our novel EMA app can be used as a comprehensive cognitive measure in cancer survivors.
Static Gesture Recognition Based on Thermal Imaging Sensors
Authors: Zhi-yuan ZHANG , Hao REN , Hao LI , Kang-hui YUAN , ZHU Chu-feng
Published: August 2024

Gesture recognition technology has demonstrated its applicability in various scenarios within the field of human-computer interaction, owing to its flexibility and non-contact nature. In particular, thermal imaging technology which is not limited by lighting conditions and effectively reduces the risk of privacy disclosure by capture only thermal radiation rather than detailed features. In this study, a low resolution 32 x 24 pixels end-to-end embedded infrared thermal imaging camera gesture recognition system is developed. A thermal imaging gesture dataset of 4,500 images is constructed to train and evaluate the system. The effects on improve gesture recognition accuracy by research the spatial transform network attention mechanism (STN) is discussed. Thus, a new method combines lightweight Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and STN is propose. Additionally, the proposed method achieves 98.5% recognition accuracy and inference time of only 59 milliseconds per frame on embedded devices when tested on self-made infrared thermal imaging sign language gesture dataset, outperforming mainstream lightweight models.
Half a loaf is better than no bread: Epidemiology, clinical characteristics, determinants and prognosis of heart failure with partial improved ejection fraction
Authors: Yin Xuan , Mao Hengyi , Jiang Feng , Yang Fan , Zhu Suyan , Cui Hanbin , Zhou Jifang
Published: August 2024

Background
A subset of patients identified with heart failure (HF) with decreased ejection fraction (HFrEF) show a partial improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Information regarding the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and outlook for patients with HF exhibiting partially improved ejection fraction (HFpimpEF) is scarce.
Methods
Among 3691 adults HF patients with had two LVEF echocardiograms that were at least three months apart in Yinzhou District, 350 of these were initially categorized as HFrEF (LVEF ≤ 40%). Subtypes included pHFrEF (LVEF ≤ 40), HFpimpEF (LVEF 41–49%, improvement < 10%), and HFimpEF (echocardiogram > 40, LVEF improvement ≥ 10%). The main outcome was mortality or first HF-related readmission.
Results
During a median follow-up of 15.6 months, 62 (17.7%) were HFpimpEF. Using multivariable Cox models, HFpimpEF demonstrated a lower risk of readmission or death than pHFrEF after adjustments compared to pHFrEF (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.55; 95% CI, 0.31–0.96; P = 0.037).
Conclusions
Given its unique clinical presentation, HFpimpEF is supposed to be recognized as a distinct HF subtype. This subtype is characterized by a partial improvement in LVEF and generally has a more favorable prognosis compared to pHFrEF.