bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPMENT OF MICRO-CONDUCTORS WITH MAGNETICALLY SOFT GLASS COATING FOR TECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
Authors:   National University of Science and Technology «MISiS», Moscow, Russian Federation, IBRAGIMOV KHUSRAV , GERASIMOVA ALLA , SHESHENIN EGOR , CHUT MAXIM
Published: April 2023

The work is devoted to advanced research of glass-coated microconductors as a special class of amorphous metal alloys. These magnetic microwires are model systems for fundamental research of a number of physical phenomena that are difficult to access in other conventional magnetic materials. The increased magnetic softness combined with their small size made them very promising for many modern technological applications. The authors attempted to demonstrate the development of microconducts with a magnetically soft glass coating from three closed points of view: control of internal stresses by changing the ratio between the diameter of the metal core and the thickness of the glass; achievement of a nanocrystalline state using two-phase nanoscale crystallites embedded in an amorphous matrix; control of heat treatment conditions before any participation of crystalline phases, i.e. weakening of internal stresses, frozen after the manufacturing process.
PEDESTRIAN DETECTION AND TRACKING OF THEIR MOVEMENT TRAJECTORY USING THE BACKGROUND SEGMENTATION METHOD BASED ON KNN
Authors:   Saint Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO University), St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, LOU JIACHENG , WEN XUECHENG , LI JIAZHE
Published: April 2023

Problem statement. Target detection and video image tracking is one of the important topics of computer vision, as well as a problem that needs to be urgently addressed in practical applications. Interference makes it difficult to get the target position. Faced with this problem, scientists have proposed many tracking algorithms. Purpose. In real video monitoring, the system can automatically detect the foreground and draw the trajectory of the foreground. Methods. Use the KNN background segmenting algorithm in combination with OpenCV to detect the foreground and track the trajectory of the video. Novelty. It can continuously detect the foreground in the video and is also applicable to the new foreground in the video. This method is easy to call, does not require the use of a large amount of computer performance resources and can achieve real-time detection and tracking. Result. In a real test, we got good test results, we successfully identified moving pedestrians on video and drew their trajectories. Practical relevance. The algorithm can be applied to road traffic, can determine the trajectory of a vehicle to track vehicles, and can also be used to detect pedestrians to pave the way for subsequent recognition of pedestrian behavior.
POTENSI MINYAK JAHE MERAH DAN MINYAK JERUK MANIS SEBAGAI BAHAN AKTIF ALAMI DALAM PEMBUATAN HANDSANITIZER
Authors: Tandikura Jhelsia Sisilia , Sipahelut Sophia Grace , Augustyn Gelora Helena
Published: April 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic that has hit the world requires everyone to maintain hand hygiene as a way to avoid this virus. Hand sanitizer is an instant option for cleaning hands. The use of essential oils in hand sanitizers is considered safer than alcohol. This study aims to study the antiseptic activity, physical and organoleptic characteristics of hand sanitizers in combination with red ginger oil and sweet orange oil. This study was designed using a completely randomized design (CRD) with one factor, namely a combination of red ginger oil and sweet orange oil, with three treatment levels: 75% : 25%, 50% : 50%, dan 25% : 75%. Parameters analyzed included antisepticby Replika method, dispersibility, pH, density, homogeneity and organoleptic tests (texture, aroma, and color). The results showed that hand sanitizer with a combination treatment of 25% red ginger oil and 75% sweet orange oil had a stronger antiseptic effectiveness compared to other treatments. 6.2 cm which shows the consistency of the hand sanitizer that is comfortable when used, the hand sanitizer gel is homogeneous, without any coarse grains and is still organoleptically acceptable for texture, aroma and color.
KEANEKARAGAMAN EPIFIT BERPEMBULUH PADA BATANG POHON INANG ANGIOSPERMAE DAN GYMNOSPERMAE DI KEBUN RAYA CIBODAS
Authors: Nurrahma Aditiya , . Ismanto , Nasution Taufikurrahman
Published: April 2023

Epiphytes are types of plants that attach and grow on other plants to obtain sunlight, water, air, and minerals for their growth. The aim of this study are knowing the diversity of vascular  epiphytes on the host trunks of Angiosperms and Gymnosperms, knowing the differences in vascular epiphytic communities on the host trunks of Angiosperms and Gymnosperms and to determine factors causing vascular epiphytes communities on the host trunk is used in this research. Sampling plot is located on the host tree's trunk to facilitate the calculation of vascular epiphytes; a simple plot measuring 2 m x 0,5 m was made facing east and west. Determination of the number of tree sampling is done based on the Area Species Curve. The results of this study indicate that the vascular epiphyte diversity on trunks of Gymnospermae is higher than Angiospermae, meanwhile that Shannon Wiener diversity index of vascular epiphytes on Angiosperms and Gymnosperms host trunks being moderate category. Jaccard Similarity index  was 0.44 and indicated the different of epiphytes community between  Angiospermae and Gymnospermae tree host. The dominant species based on Important value index in Angiosperms are Davallia hymenophylloides (35,05%), Goniophlebium subauriculatum (20,92%), and Dendrobium mutabile (20,07) while ini Gymnosperme are Davallia hymenophylloides (41,36%), Goniophlebium subauriculatum (15,94%), and Peperomia tetraphylla (15,55%). In Angiospermae, the factors that influence the diversity of vascular epiphyte species are roughness and thickness, while in Gymnosperms the influential factors are roughness and diameter.
BASIC CONCEPTS OF EDUCATIONAL SUPERVISION ALONG WITH RELATED ADMINISTRATIVE STUDIES
Authors: Suchyadi Yudhie , Indriyani Sri Rini , Destiana Dita
Published: April 2023

Sematically educational supervision is coaching in the form of guidance or guidance towards improving the educational situation in general and improving the quality of teaching and learning and learning in particular. In general, educational administration contains various purposes that are tailored to the field and science of administration, one of which is educational administration. Every administration implementation is always directed towards the goals and objectives to be achieved. When coupled with the context of the purpose of educational administration, the role of administration is used as a supporter of the success of the implementation of education to achieve educational goals. Educational Administration deals with all materials, teacher personnel, planning, cooperation, leadership, curriculum, and student affairs and others. Everything can be managed properly if there is good educational administration, firm leadership, and it is impossible to achieve unwanted goals. If there is no good educational administration, it is impossible for everything to go well. Administration is also the main source of management in managing the teaching and learning process in an orderly manner so that the achievement of the most important goals in educational institutions and Educational Administration does not only discuss notes, finances, but how we can carry out the organizational process according to what we have planned. effectively and efficiently. Education Administration Services in schools, it can be said that they are well supported by the existence of services (1) Curriculum administration services, (2) Public Relations administration services, students at the acceptance of new students, (3) Facilities and infrastructure administration services, (4) ) Financial management, (5) Student administration services  through online which can be accessed through the Basic Education Data application. (3) Managerial Supervision in Improving Educational Administration Services in schools, with managerial supervision carried out by supervisors who have work programs in each section of educational administration services can improve the performance of educational administration services. By assessing, monitoring and fostering educational administration services in schools.
Teacher’s Strategy In Teaching Vocabulary To Deaf Or Hard-Of-Hearing Students
Authors: Suryanti Yanti , Sofyan Deddy , Rahmah Mursidah , Dahlia Upi
Published: April 2023

Deaf students are students who have little or no speech depending on the severity of the hearing loss, meanwhile hard of hearing students are students who may have speech impairments as a result of their inability to hear their own voices clearly. By applying the qualitative approach with the descriptive method, the study depicts the strategy used by the teacher in teaching vocabulary to seven students of the eleventh grade at SLB Dharma Wanita-Bogor, which was conducted from May 15 to December, 15th 2022. The data were collected through observation, documentation, and interview. The observations were done from August to September 2022, meanwhile, the interview was on 15th October 2022. The participants of the study were two targeted English teachers at SLB Dharma Wanita-Bogor who fulfilled the criteria that they have a background in teaching English, have been teaching English for more than 5 years, are qualified, and are experienced in teaching deaf students. From the observations, the documentation, and the interview, it is revealed that both teachers had carried out the steps written in their lesson plans completely, and the strategy used by both teachers are repetition, lip reading, gesture, body movement, through-the-air language comprehension, and the use of media. In lip reading and through the air communication, they pronounced each word carefully and slowly and asked each student to repeat what they said, used the media/pictures which are available in the class, and asked the students to look up the dictionary to find the words. If the students still find difficulties in saying the words, both of the teachers used sign language, through air conversation or body movement. They confess that the students so far can follow the lesson well, and their final grades are considered enough until good.
The Effect of Intellectual Capital and Executive Compensation on Financial Performance
Authors: Suzan Leny , Khadrinur Hanifah
Published: April 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of intellectual capital and executive compensation on financial performance in Basic Materials Sector Companies listed on the IDX based on financial statement data for 201 8-2021. The data was tested using the panel data regression method. The population used is Basic Materials Sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during 2018-2021. This study used purposive sampling method and obtained 35 companies during 4 years of observation. The results of this study show that intellectual capital as measured by VAIC has a positive and significant effect on financial performance and partial executive compensation also affects financial performance. Companies in the basic materials sector are expected to provide internal evaluations to maximize the management of intellectual capital owned and the efficiency of using company assets to improve financial performance in order to be able to foster competition in companies in the basic materials sector. Issuers should also take into account the level of executive compensation for key management in order to advance the financial performance of an issuer by (agent).
Factors Influencing The Transition Of Transaction Activities From Conventional To Financial Technology
Authors: Ikhwana Andri , Safira Jeany Afreisca
Published: April 2023

Financial technology as a service innovation in the financial industry has become a means of transaction in the rapidly growing buying and selling transactions. Besides, it has become one of the alternative means of payment for consumers. This opportunity can be used as a business development opportunity for financial services for financial business providers.  Changes in the transition from conventional payments to payments using financial technology services are influenced by various factors that support changes in transaction activities.  This study aims to determine the factors influencing payment transaction activities, from conventional payments to payments using financial technology services. The research methodology involves various variables involved in it by using the factor analysis approach to determine factors that support the achievement of research objectives. It is supported by a sample of 100 respondents with various representative sample criteria to explain each factor involved in the research. The research results show that the transition of payment transaction activities from conventional methods to payment transactions with financial technology services is influenced by various variables. The variables included are information system flexibility, ideal, and value for use, ability, comfort, safety, interaction, activity, and length of transaction time.
The Effect Of Students Centered Learning (SCL) Strategy On Students’ Achievement In Studying Psycholinguistics
Authors: Lubis Yani , Siregar Idris , Sadri Idris
Published: April 2023

There are several ways to teach Psycholinguistics. Even though, there are many ways or theories in teaching and learning to increase students’ achievement in learning Psycholinguistics but not all of those theories and ways are successes. This research will find out the effective way to teach Psycholinguistics for Department of English Educational students of Faculty of Tarbiyah Science and Teacher Training of State Islamic University North Sumatra (UIN-SU) Medan. Each member of a team is responsible not only for learning what is taught but also for helping teammates learn, thus creating an atmosphere of achievement. The aims of this research: to know the students’ difficulties in learning Psycholinguistics, to know how is the lecturer implement Students Centered Learning (SCL) Strategy in teaching learning process special for teaching Psycholinguistics, and to know if there significance effect of Students Centered Learning (SCL) Strategy on students’ achievement in learning Psycholinguistics or not. The subjects and objects of product trials on an expanded scale will be given to students of the English department study program FITK UIN North Sumatra Medan. The type of quantitative data, using a Likert scale questionnaire instrument was used to collect data. The validity test analysis technique uses the Aiken and Cronbach Alpha formulas for reliability. The research will produce articles published in reputable national or international journals and Intellectual Property Rights (HaKI), which are empirically proven to be valid, practical and effective.
Pengaruh Reciprocal Teaching Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Tematik Kelas 5 SDN Sukorejo 1
Authors: Jannah Miftahul , Siswanto M. Bambang Edi
Published: April 2023

This research aims to determine the effect of reciprocal teaching on thematic learning on the learning outcomes of 5th graders at SDN 1 SUKOREJO. In this case, it refers to the book with the theme 7 events in life, sub-theme 2, national events surrounding the proclamation of learning independence 1 . the problem in education is learning that is less active and boring with the assignment learning model so that students are less interested and ignore it. Therefore, as a teacher, you must innovate in providing learning models every day. One of the learning models that can turn the class on is one of the reciprocal teaching models. This research uses a quantitative research approach with a pre-experimental type of design. The subjects of this study were 25 5th grade students of SDN SUKOREJO 1. The instruments in this test were the basic pre-test and the final test using post-post tests. Checking the data in this investigation using investigative spellbinding and measurable inferential with the encouragement of the SPSS program (Factual Bundle For sociology). The results of the study were mastering students' abilities in thematic learning before using the reciprocal teaching model and after using the reciprocal teaching model. In this case, the research effect is quite large, equivalent to 0.000 < 0.05 with the aim that if H0 is rejected and H1 is recognized. Meanwhile , it means that in this study the reciprocal teaching learning model affects student learning outcomes in thematic learning theme 7 sub - theme 2 pb 1 class 5 SDN SUKOREJO 1.
Pengembangan Media Teka-Teki Silang Dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Pada Tema 7 Subtema 3 Kelas IV
Authors: Farokhi Muhammad , Raharja Hawwin Fitra
Published: April 2023

This research is motivated by problems that exist in the field, namely the lack of preparation of students in accepting the new curriculum where subjects are combined into one. Besides, there is a lack of applicable learning that can be applied with media-based learning. Through this research, it is hoped that the research objective can be achieved, namely the development of crossword puzzles (TTS) media to increase the learning motivation of SDIT Darul Falah students, especially grade IV. This study aims to develop a valid, interesting, and effective crossword puzzle (TTS) learning media in learning at SDIT Darul Falah Cukir. The research subjects were 19 students of SDIT Darul Falah Cukir in the even semester of the 2021/2022 academic year. This development research uses the ADDIE development model. The results of this study indicate that: the results of the validity of several experts obtained are media experts in the first stage media experts get an average of 2.7 with sufficient categories, in the second stage they get 3.5 in other words get good categories, and all three media experts scored. a score of 4.4 in other words got a very good score. While the score of 4.5 is in the very good category, from RPP experts 4.5 is in the very good category and the test for educators gets a score of 4.4 in the very good category, from the media trial on limited students getting a score of 4.4 in the very good category, and in the media test the students of one class got a score of 4.4 in the very good category. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the crossword puzzle learning media developed is valid, interesting, and effective so that it is suitable for use in learning.
Pengembangan Media Pocket Book Guna Melatih Keterampilan Menulis Huruf Tegak Bersambung 2 SD
Authors: Rohmatulloh Aisyah Bitis , Asmarani Ratih
Published: April 2023

Writing ability is the ability to convey messages to others in writing, but there are still many problems with writing skills, one of which is writing cursive letters. The problems that occur are, some students still have difficulty in arranging and connecting concatenated letters, some students have difficulty arranging loose letters, and some students are tired of writing too many cursive letters. This study aims to provide education for children in writing cursive letters through the development of Pocket Book media. This study uses the R&D (Research and Development) research method and uses the ADDIE development model. There are 5 Development Processes that have been implemented in this research, namely: 1) Analysis, 2) Design, 3) Development, 4) Implementation, 5) Evaluation. The Pocket Book media assessment was carried out by media, material, educator responses and student responses for grade 2 SDN Ceweng Jombang. The results of Pocket Book media development research show that the percentage obtained from media expert validators is 88.24% with a very valid and appropriate category for use, material expert validators are 85.29% in a very valid and suitable category for use. Furthermore, the results of trials or educators are 92% with a suitable category for use. The results of field trials with 17 students with a percentage of 91% with a very interesting category. Based on the results of the analysis, Pocket Book media is feasible to be used as a learning medium
Pengembangan Game Kuis Berbasis Android Menggunakan Kahoot Untuk Siswa Kelas V SDIT Darul Falah
Authors: Nurqori Dedy , Raharja Hawwin Fitra
Published: April 2023

Technological advances in the form of smartphones are currently an example of how technical sophistication can be used to support learning activities. The use of gadgets, especially android operated by children, includes games. One alternative learning media that is considered capable of overcoming problems in the learning process is an android-based quiz game using kahoot, because this quiz game learning media students are able to play, learn, and be active in learning so that students' understanding in learning thematic material becomes better and memory students become more refined. The android-based quiz game using kahoot has a purpose, namely to determine the design of android-based quiz game development using kahoot, the quality of android-based quiz game products using kahoot, and the effectiveness of android-based quiz games using thematic subjects. This research procedure uses a 4D model, namely define, design, development, and dissemination. SDIT Darul Falah Jombang is the location chosen to carry out research on a large scale, with 18 students enrolled in the 2021/2022 academic year. Based on this research, it was found that the application of android-based quiz game media using Kahoot was included in the very good category with a total score of 89% according to three expert experts, including media experts with a percentage of 94% in the very good category, material experts with a percentage of 86% in the very good category, and RPP experts with a percentage of 88% in the very good category. While the effectiveness through the results of the student response questionnaire obtained a score of 88% including the very good category. Thus, it can be concluded that the android-based quiz game media using kahoot is feasible and effective in the learning process of the fifth grade students of SDIT Darul Falah Jombang.
Implementasi Pendidikan Karakter Dalam Pembelajaran IPS Melalui Media Pop Up Book
Authors: Mustofa Ma'ruf , Raharja Hawwin Fitra
Published: April 2023

Nowadays, there are many phenomena that show that the Indonesian nation is experiencing a moral decline, where politeness to parents is expensive and covered by a sense of mutual indifference. This is caused by several factors, one of which is the entry of foreign cultures into the Indonesian nation. The use of media is also very influential on the enthusiasm of students in participating in learning. It is hoped that the selection of media can encourage students and can cultivate good characters for the students of SDIT Darul Falah Cukir Jombang..This type of research is a mixed method research. This study uses one class. The subjects were fourth grade teachers and fourth grade students at SDIT Darul Falah Cukir. And the object is character education. Data collection techniques in this study are observation, interviews, questionnaires, and documentation. Data analysis in this study was carried out by collecting data, reducing data, presenting data and drawing conclusions. While the validity of the data using triangulation, namely sources, techniques and time, and peer discussion. The results showed: Planning to make lesson plans and prepare learning media, The implementation is carried out in two stages, These results can be seen from the Pop Up Book media trial through student response questionnaires, showing that an average of 37.5 proves that the character of students has increased, The inhibiting factors for the Pop Up Book media include the program, infrastructure, character building, and time for making media, Supporting factors for Pop Up Book media include the existence of discipline, good cooperation and interaction between school residents and students, and support from parents.
English Learning Community in English Village dan Meningkatkan Berkomunikasi Kelas 5(A) MI Al-Hidayah
Authors: Ali khotami Makhrus , Edi Siswanto M. Bambang
Published: April 2023

Language is a bridge to the world and education is one form of initial capital in learning so that students are able and can understand the importance of changes in learning that are applied to students with the progress of globalization and the language used using English because this international language that I apply at MI Al-hidayah and learning models that are fun and students are easy to understand gem and song learning models that apply songs and games so that elementary school children are more happy in learning because students do not feel learning but they get maximum results can communicate and students can memorize vocabulary prose words English is easy and easy, we as researchers are looking for an easy method and in learning so that students can learn without any pressure. Here students learn English, there is no coercion and they enjoy this method with pronunciation and practice in class and students. a is invited to play gems and enjoy the learning. The problems studied in this study are about how the phenomena of student learning take shape, how to cultivate student discipline and how appropriate methods in democratic learning can foster student learning discipline at MI Al-hidayah. student learning, describe how to foster curiosity and increase student learning. This research uses a qualitative research approach with descriptive qualitative research. The subjects of this study were students, education staff and language village students. This research was conducted from February 2022 to June 2022. The data collection methods used were observation, interviews and documentation methods. The validity of the data was obtained by source triangulation method.
Profile of Elementary Student Learning Independence in Mathematics Learning During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Nurmala sari Febriyanti ayu , Indah sari Arrisona Dia , Bachtiar Afakhrul Masub
Published: April 2023

Look at the current state of learning. Several problems were found, which can be seen from theway students learn which is very diverse. There are active and passive students. There are studentswho are independent and some are dependent on others. In this study, the researcher will describethe learning independence of students at SD Muhammadiyah Sidayu, where a sample of studentswith high, medium and low learning independence is taken from the questionnaire given alongwith consultation with the teacher, after the sample is taken the researcher conducts interviewswith the homeroom teacher and homeroom teacher after that compare transcript of daily gradesand final semester grades. The results obtained by students who are highly independent have fewobstacles in their learning and are able to solve them on their own. Meanwhile, students with lowindependence find it difficult to solve their learning problems. The level of learning independencealso affects the value obtained. Students who have high learning independence get scores abovethe average of their classmates. Vice versa, students who have low learning independence getscores below the average of their classmates.
Factorial Theorem for Computation of Factorials to Positive Real Numbers
Authors: Annamalai Chinnaraji
Published: April 2023

This paper presents the factorial theorem that is used to compute the factorial for positive real numbers, which are greater than or equal to 1. In this research study, the introduced factorial function is an alternative to the gamma function.
Sustainable finance and our modes of distribution
Authors: Sotiropoulou Irene
Published: April 2023

I specialise in ecological economics, feminist economics, social and solidarity economics, and of course, heterodox theories and practices of money and finance. In this presentation, we are going to explore what sustainable finance could be within the broader context of modes of distribution.
A Short and Technical Review on Lattice Structures Produced by Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Özdemir Mehmet Tayyip , Korkmaz Mehmet Erdi
Published: April 2023

Additive manufacturing (AM), which has only relatively recently emerged as one of the most significant sectors, is currently the subject of a great number of research investigations. In contrast to machining, additive manufacturing (AM) is a process that involves the division of items into very thin layers, followed by the production of these layers by stacking previous layers atop one another. AM has found new application areas because to the decrease in weight as well as other advantages in a variety of industries including aviation, automotive, and biomedical. In this manner, features that cannot be acquired from solid materials have been disclosed through the utilization of various forms of lattice structures in accordance with the needs of the application. The design factors that impact the compression behavior of body-centered cubic (BCC) and face-centered cubic (FCC) type lattice structures, which are the most popular types of lattice structures used in additive manufacturing, were explored in this review work.
Region- and layer-specific investigations of the human menisci using SHG imaging and biaxial testing
Authors: Rasheed Bismi , Ayyalasomayajula Venkat , Schaarschmidt Ute , Vagstad Terje , Schaathun Hans Georg
Published: April 2023

In this paper, we examine the region- and layer-specific collagen fiber morphology via second harmonic generation (SHG) in combination with planar biaxial tension testing to suggest a structure-based constitutive model for the human meniscal tissue. Five lateral and four medial menisci were utilized, with samples excised across the thickness from the anterior, mid-body, and posterior regions of each meniscus. An optical clearing protocol enhanced the scan depth. SHG imaging revealed that the top samples consisted of randomly oriented fibers with a mean fiber orientation of 43.3o. The bottom samples were dominated by circumferentially organized fibers, with a mean orientation of 9.5o. Biaxial testing revealed a clear anisotropic response, with the circumferential direction being stiffer than the radial direction. The bottom samples from the anterior region of the medial menisci exhibited higher circumferential elastic modulus with a mean value of 21 MPa. The data from the two testing protocols were combined to characterize the tissue with an anisotropic hyperelastic material model based on the generalized structure tensor approach. The model showed good agreement in representing the material anisotropy with a mean r2 = 0.92.
Nanosilicate-hydrogel microspheres formed by aqueous two-phase separation for sustained release of small molecules
Authors: Dharmesh Ether , Stealey Samuel , Salazar Mary Alice , Elbert Donald , Zustiak Silviya Petrova
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Hydrogel microspheres are an attractive option for drug delivery applications due to their ease of injection and potential for tunable controlled delivery. However, their utility is limited due to high initial burst release and rapid overall release, which is especially pronounced for small molecules or small size microspheres. We and others have shown that the addition of two-dimensional nanosilicate (NS) particles to hydrogels can significantly prolong release kinetics from hydrogels while minimizing burst release.

Materials and Methods: Here we explored whether NS could modulate release kinetics of small molecules from small size injectable microspheres. Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based hydrogel microspheres were fabricated via polymer/salt aqueous two-phase separation (ATPS), which is facile, high yield, and scalable, without the need for organic solvents or oils.

Results and Discussion: Importantly, NS and acridine orange (AO), a model cationic small molecule, were shown to phase separate into the PEG-rich phase, allowing for successful encapsulation within hydrogel microspheres. The fabricated microspheres were stable, similar in size to red blood cells, and easily injectable. The effect of various fabrication parameters, including the addition of NS and AO, on microsphere size and polydispersity were explored. Release of AO was significantly slowed from PEG-NS microspheres compared to PEG-only microspheres and correlated with NS concentration. Two additional small molecules, the chemotherapeutic doxorubicin (positive charge), and the model small molecule Brilliant Blue FCF (negative charge), were shown to exhibit prolonged release, underscoring the broad utility of the system. The dependence of release kinetics on encapsulated NS concentration allows for tunable and prolonged release of small molecules from an injectable hydrogel delivery device.
Urban void as an urban catalyst bridging the gap between the community
Authors: Aleha Anum , Zahra Syeda Mahwish , Qureshi Sabeen , Marri Sohrab Ahmed , Siddique Sarah , Hussain Samar Shamim
Published: April 2023

Due to the increase in population, there are fewer open spaces creating urban voids in cities nowadays. However, the opportunities made available to people by urban voids adequately indicate the necessity and significance of urban open spaces. The lack of proper planning and a good perception of the place led to the formation of lost spaces. These lost spaces are found everywhere and are treated as waste spaces. By reclaiming these urban voids, we can change them into public gathering spaces, pocket parks, or any user-friendly space admired by the users. The objective of the study is to determine why these waste spaces are called urban voids and are not utilized to their full potential. The identified area for the case study is near Railway Colony in Multan. The selected area is L-shaped and connected with the base of a flyover, which creates a huge void. The spatial methodology, which is based on identifying the physical conditions and surveys, which depend on user ratings, was the foundation of the research methodology. Users assigned ratings for the space performance, which was determined by the spatial analysis approach and differed in terms of space structure and attributes. A total of 280 participants (118 females and 162 men) rated the technical, functional, and aesthetic performance of the spaces they occupy using a Likert attitude scale, with 70 individuals from each of the identified connected urban voids under the flyover. The results showed that space performance affects user satisfaction and the space usage level after design interventions.
Comparative study of minutiae selection methods for digital fingerprints
Authors: Vibert Benoit , Le Bars Jean-Marie , Charrier Christophe , Rosenberger Christophe
Published: April 2023

Biometric systems are more and more used for many applications (physical access control, e-payment, etc.). Digital fingerprint is an interesting biometric modality as it can easily be used for embedded systems (smartcard, smartphone, and smartwatch). A fingerprint template is composed of a set of minutiae used for their comparison. In embedded systems, a secure element is in general used to store and compare fingerprint templates to meet security and privacy requirements. Nevertheless, it is necessary to select a subset of minutiae from a template due to storage and computation constraints. In this study, we present, a comparative study of the main minutiae selection methods from the literature. The considered methods require no further information like the raw image. Experimental results show their relative performance when using different matching algorithms and datasets. We identified that some methods can be used within different contexts (enrollment or verification) with minimal degradation of performance.
Patients’ and caregivers’ perceptions of bariatric surgery: A France and United States comparative infodemiology study using social media data mining
Authors: Czernichow Sébastien , Rassy Nathalie , Malaab Joelle , Loussikian Paul , Mebarki Adel , Khadhar Mickail , Poghosyan Tigran , Fagherrazi Guy , Carette Claire , Schück Stéphane , Rives-Lange Claire
Published: April 2023

Background

People are conversing about bariatric surgery on social media, but little is known about the main themes being discussed.

Objective

To analyze discussions regarding bariatric surgery on social media platforms and to establish a cross-cultural comparison of posts geolocated in France and the United States.

Methods

Posts were retrieved between January 2015 and April 2021 from general, publicly accessed sites and health-related forums geolocated in both countries. After processing and cleaning the data, posts of patients and caregivers about bariatric surgery were identified using a supervised machine learning algorithm.

Results

The analysis dataset contained a total of 10,800 posts from 4,947 web users in France and 51,804 posts from 40,278 web users in the United States. In France, post-operative follow-up (n = 3,251, 30.1% of posts), healthcare pathways (n = 2,171, 20.1% of the posts), and complementary and alternative weight loss therapies (n = 1,652, 15.3% of the posts) were among the most discussed topics. In the United States, the experience with bariatric surgery (n = 11,138, 21.5% of the posts) and the role of physical activity and diet in weight-loss programs before surgery (n = 9,325, 18% of the posts) were among the most discussed topics.

Conclusion

Social media analysis provides a valuable toolset for clinicians to help them increase patient-centered care by integrating the patients’ and caregivers’ needs and concerns into the management of bariatric surgery.
Late Pleistocene to late Holocene palaeoecology and human foraging at Kuumbi Cave, Zanzibar Island
Authors: Iminjili Victor , Stewart Mathew , Culley Courtney , Hixon Sean , Goldstein Steve , Bleasdale Madeleine , Jesús Sanchez Flores Antonio , Lucas Mary , Ilgner Jana , Prendergast Mary E. , Crowther Alison , Boivin Nicole , Roberts Patrick
Published: April 2023

Background

Climate change played a major role in shaping regional human-environment interactions in Africa during the late Pleistocene-Holocene, but this topic has not been exhaustively studied, particularly in eastern Africa. While there is growing evidence that the coastal and island settings in this region played a critical role in human evolution, combined archaeological and palaeoenvironmental studies have tended to focus on the arid interior and show the dominance of grasslands with patches of closed and open woodlands during the last 20,000 years.

Methods

Here, we present stable carbon and oxygen isotope analyses of zooarchaeological remains (n = 229) recovered from Kuumbi Cave, Zanzibar Island, spanning the last glacial period and the Holocene (20,000 to 500 cal. BP).

Results

Our data demonstrate that the vicinity of Kuumbi Cave was consistently covered by mosaic habitats, dominated by forests and small patches of open woodland and grassland. The inhabitants of Kuumbi Cave exploited these diverse tropical habitats even after the regional arrival of agriculture.

Discussion

We suggest that the stable coastal forest mosaic habitats acted as a refugium for foragers during glacial periods and that the Iron Age inhabitants of Kuumbi Cave were not food producers migrating from the interior, but rather Indigenous foragers interacting with food production.
Interaction between the flagellum of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus and the vitellogenin-like protein of Diaphorina citri significantly influences CLas titer
Authors: Peng Tao , Yuan Yingzhe , Huang Aijun , He Jun , Fu Shimin , Duan Shuo , Yi Long , Yuan Chenyang , Yuan Huizhu , Wang Xuefeng , Zhou Changyong
Published: April 2023

Huanglongbing (HLB) is a global devastating citrus disease that is mainly caused by “Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus” (CLas). It is mostly transmitted by the insect Asian citrus psyllid (ACP, Diaphorina citri) in a persistent and proliferative manner. CLas traverses multiple barriers to complete an infection cycle and is likely involved in multiple interactions with D. citri. However, the protein–protein interactions between CLas and D. citri are largely unknown. Here, we report on a vitellogenin-like protein (Vg_VWD) in D. citri that interacts with a CLas flagellum (flaA) protein. We found that Vg_VWD was upregulated in CLas-infected D. citri. Silencing of Vg_VWD in D. citri via RNAi silencing significantly increased the CLas titer, suggesting that Vg_VWD plays an important role in the CLas–D. citri interaction. Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression assays indicated that Vg_VWD inhibits BAX- and INF1-triggered necrosis and suppresses the callose deposition induced by flaA in Nicotiana benthamiana. These findings provide new insights into the molecular interaction between CLas and D. citri.
An explanation of the mystifying bakanae disease narrative for tomorrow's rice
Authors: Shakeel Qaiser , Mubeen Mustansar , Sohail Muhammad Aamir , Ali Sajjad , Iftikhar Yasir , Tahir Bajwa Rabia , Aqueel Muhammad Anjum , Upadhyay Sudhir K. , Divvela Praveen Kumar , Zhou Lei
Published: April 2023

Rice production is severely hampered by the bakanae disease (Fusarium fujikuroi), formerly recognized as Fusarium moniliforme. F. moniliforme was called the F. fujikuroi species complex (FFSC) because it was later discovered that it had some separate species. The FFSC's constituents are also well recognized for producing phytohormones, which include auxins, cytokinin, and gibberellins (GAs). The normal symptoms of bakanae disease in rice are exacerbated by GAs. The members of the FFSC are responsible for the production of fumonisin (FUM), fusarins, fusaric acid, moniliformin, and beauvericin. These are harmful to both human and animal health. This disease is common around the world and causes significant yield losses. Numerous secondary metabolites, including the plant hormone gibberellin, which causes classic bakanae symptoms, are produced by F. fujikuroi. The strategies for managing bakanae, including the utilization of host resistance, chemical compounds, biocontrol agents, natural goods, and physical approaches, have been reviewed in this study. Bakanae disease is still not entirely preventable, despite the adoption of many different tactics that have been used to manage it. The benefits and drawbacks of these diverse approaches are discussed by the authors. The mechanisms of action of the main fungicides as well as the strategies for resistance to them are outlined. The information compiled in this study will contribute to a better understanding of the bakanae disease and the development of a more effective management plan for it.
Isolation and identification of mycorrhizal helper bacteria of Vaccinium uliginosum and their interaction with mycorrhizal fungi
Authors: Yang Zhiyu , Dong Hui , Zhang Sai , Jiang Jing , Zhu Haifeng , Yang Hongyi , Li Lili
Published: April 2023

Mycorrhizal helper bacteria (MHB) can promote mycorrhizal fungal colonization and form mycorrhizal symbiosis structures. To investigate the effect of interactions between mycorrhizal beneficial microorganisms on the growth of blueberry, 45 strains of bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Vaccinium uliginosum were screened for potential MHB strains using the dry-plate confrontation assay and the bacterial extracellular metabolite promotion method. The results showed that the growth rate of mycelium of Oidiodendron maius 143, an ericoid mycorrhizal fungal strain, was increased by 33.33 and 77.77% for bacterial strains L6 and LM3, respectively, compared with the control in the dry-plate confrontation assay. In addition, the extracellular metabolites of L6 and LM3 significantly promoted the growth of O. maius 143 mycelium with an average growth rate of 40.9 and 57.1%, respectively, the cell wall-degrading enzyme activities and genes of O. maius 143 was significantly increased. Therefore, L6 and LM3 were preliminarily identified as potential MHB strains. In addition, the co-inoculated treatments significantly increased blueberry growth; increased the nitrate reductase, glutamate dehydrogenase, glutamine synthetase, and glutamate synthase activities in the leaves; and promoted nutrient uptake in blueberry. Based on the physiological, and 16S rDNA gene molecular analyses, we initially identified strain L6 as Paenarthrobacter nicotinovorans and LM3 as Bacillus circulans. Metabolomic analysis revealed that mycelial exudates contain large amounts of sugars, organic acids and amino acids, which can be used as substrates to stimulate the growth of MHB. In conclusion, L6 and LM3 and O. maius 143 promote each other’s growth, while co-inoculation of L6 and LM3 with O. maius 143 can promote the growth of blueberry seedlings, providing a theoretical basis for further studies on the mechanism of ericoid mycorrhizal fungi-MHB-blueberry interactions. It laid the technical foundation for the exploitation of biocontrol strain resources and the development of biological fertilizer.
Risk factors for postoperative thrombosis-related complications in patients undergoing malignant brain tumor resection: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Liu Xiaoyuan , Zhang Xingyue , Ma Tingting , Li Muhan , Zhang Liyong , Li Shu , Zeng Min , Kass Ira S. , Peng Yuming
Published: April 2023

Introduction

Patients with malignant brain tumors frequently exhibit hypercoagulation and are at a high risk of postoperative thrombosis-related complications. However, the risk factors for postoperative thrombosis-related complications remain unclear.

Methods

In this retrospective, observational study, we consecutively enrolled elective patients undergoing resection of malignant brain tumors from 26 November 2018 to 30 September 2021. The primary objective of the study was to identify risk factors for a composite of three major adverse events including postoperative lower limb deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and cerebral ischemia.

Results

A total of 456 patients were enrolled in this study, where 112 (24.6%) patients had postoperative thrombosis-related complications, 84 (18.4%) with lower limb deep venous thrombosis, 0 (0.0%) with pulmonary embolism, and 42 (9.2%) with cerebral ischemia. In a multivariate model, age more than 60 years (OR: 3.98, 95% CI: 2.30–6.88, P < 0.001), preoperative abnormal APTT (OR: 2.81, 95% CI: 1.06–7.42, P = 0.037), operation duration longer than 5 h (OR: 2.36, 95% CI: 1.34–4.16, P = 0.003), and admission to ICU (OR: 2.49, 95% CI: 1.21–5.12, P = 0.013) were independent risk factors of the postoperative deep vein thrombosis. Intraoperative plasma transfusion (OR: 6.85, 95% CI: 2.73–17.18, P < 0.001) was associated with significantly increased odds of deep vein thrombosis.

Conclusion

Patients with craniocerebral malignant tumors have a high incidence of postoperative thrombosis-related complications. There is an increase in the odds of postoperative lower limb deep venous thrombosis in patients; over 60 years old, with preoperative abnormal APTT, undergoing surgeries longer than 5-h, admission to ICU, or receiving intraoperative plasma infusion. Fresh frozen plasma infusion should be used more cautiously, especially in patients with a high risk of thrombosis.