bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Iron Deficiency Anemia and its Treatment on Ghrelins, Obestatin and Heat Shock Protein 70
Authors: Kasar Taner , Akarsu Saadet , Aydin Süleyman
Published: March 2023

The impact of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and its treatment on increased levels of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in settings with higher tissue stress induced by both ghrelin, which is both an antioxidant and a food intake stimulant, and also obestatin with opposing effects were investigated. The association of pica with these parameters was also examined. The study included 28 patients with IDA and 28 healthy controls. While acyl ve des-acyl ghrelin values were lower (p<0.05) in IDA. With treatment, ghrelin levels climbed. In IDA, obestatin levels were higher than the control values (p<0.05). With the IDA treatment, acyl and des-acyl Ghrelin levels increased. Contrarily, obestatin values fell down. The concentration of HSP 70 in IDA and during its therapy was above control values. Acyl, des-acyl ghrelin, obestatin, and HSP70 levels were increased in the pica group. In the pica group obestatin/acyl ghrelin ratio was comparatively higher (p<0.05). In IDA decrease in ghrelin and an increase in obestatin levels are observed, while HSP 70 remains the same. An increase in the obestatin/acyl ghrelin ratio might be responsible for the pica disorder.
Caries Risk Assessment in Children with Different Rates of Vitamin D Deficiency, Using Cariogram Model
Authors: Güler Yasemin , Derelioğlu Sera Şimşek , Yılmaz Sinan
Published: March 2023

Objective: Vitamin D plays a very important role in improving oral and dental health as well as general health. The present study aims to evaluate the risk of caries development risk of children with and without vitamin D deficiency using the Cariogram model.

Methods: This study included a total of 75 healthy children aged 6-12 years, of which 50 (35 girls and 15 boys) had different levels of vitamin D deficiency, and 25 (12 girls and 13 boys) had none. Their risk of developing new dental caries was assessed with Cariogram. SPSS v21.0 (IBM, USA) was used for analyzing the study data. In the statistical tests, a p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results: Mean chronological and dental ages of the participants were obtained as 9±2.32 and 8±2.36, respectively. The distribution of salivary flow rate, buffering capacities, and distributions of Lactobacilli and S. mutans counts between the groups were found to be similar. There was a significant difference between Group I and Group II and between Group I and Group III in regard to the Cariogram green percentage (percentage of chances to avoid caries), p=0.002 and p<0.001, respectively.

Conclusion: In the present study, we observed a decrease in the Cariogram green sector percentage with low levels of vitamin D and an increase with normal vitamin D levels. Therefore, chances to avoid new dental caries were increased in sufficient levels of vitamin D.
A way of estimating the standard errors of Bayes factor and Weight of Evidence :
Authors: Wu Jin Chu , Libert John M
Published: March 2023

The Weight of Evidence (WoE) is defined to be the logarithm of the Bayes factor (BF) with base 10, which is generally with single point hypothesis rather than diffuse hypothesis. They are used in applications such as forensic science, etc. To statistically estimate the standard error (SE) and the 95% confidence interval of BF and WoE, both parametric and nonparametric two-sample bootstrap algorithms are employed, respectively. Then, three challenging issues arise: 1. how to generate observed binomial variates; 2. how many variates are needed; 3. how to implement bootstrap algorithms. The observed binomial variates can be generated using either the stochastic function-call method (i.e., call rbinom in R Package) or the deterministic partition method via the expected binomial densities (i.e., call dbinom in R Package). To ensure the computational accuracies, the total number of observed binomial variates is determined by the root-mean-square deviation between the observed and expected binomial distributions, as well as the bootstrap variability caused by sampling. Thereafter, the parametric two-sample bootstrap algorithm is implemented on observed binomial variates generated using the stochastic function-call method, whereas the nonparametric two-sample bootstrap algorithm is carried out on observed binomial variates created using the deterministic partition method. In this article, a case study is carried out.
The Cherokees and the Constitution
Authors: Lund Rebecca
Published: March 2023

During the 1820s a volatile political landscape emerged in the United States, which threatened the established balance of power between the branches of the federal government. This political and constitutional unrest was exemplified in the debate regarding the Indian Removal Act (1830) and two court cases concerning the removal of the Cherokee Nation from the State of Georgia. Although the court cases were about the sovereignty of the Cherokee Nation and Georgia’s jurisdiction, they revealed fundamental questions about the rights of the federal government and the individual states, and also the right of the individual branches of government. The Supreme Court’s powers were challenged by President Andrew Jackson and the Congress, but in the court rulings the Supreme Court asserted Cherokee sovereignty and its own authority as the ultimate interpreter of the Constitution by rejecting the President and Congress’ attempt to limit the Supreme Court’s power.
Radiology in Brazil: A Country Report
Authors: Virk Jas , Holmes David
Published: March 2023

Objective: The purpose of this country report is to analyze the state of radiology in Brazil from its origins to its present state. We detail both the country’s advancements in the field and the areas that could stand to be improved, including increased access to radiology in its less populous, more rural regions. We detail the imaging equipment available in the country and seek to stratify this data among different geographic areas.
Materials and Methods: The review was completed using the University at Buffalo catalog and database search. A search was conducted for both U.S. and Brazil based journal articles focused on radiology in Brazil. A general Google search for articles was conducted to obtain information regarding the socioeconomic status and history of Brazil. The Brazilian government’s health system database website was used to obtain data regarding the availability of different diagnostic equipment.
Results: Brazil is the largest radiology market in Latin America. It has taken great strides over the past few decades to advance its work in the radiology sector. There are two main areas still in need of improvement: first of all, providing diagnostic imaging resources to remote and rural regions, and second of all, expanding the use of PACS software to all hospitals.
Conclusion: The state of radiology in Brazil has vastly improved over the past few decades. Continued investment in diagnostic imaging equipment — while prioritizing less populous and poorer areas — will help both the field of Brazilian radiology and the individuals it serves.
The Specifics of the Timbral Embodiment of the Figurative & Emotional Sphere in Dmitri Shostakovich's 'Viola Sonata'
Authors: Shevtsova Anastasiya Vladimirovna
Published: March 2023

The object of the study is the Sonata for Viola and Piano Op. 147 by Dmitri Shostakovich—a work rightfully considered autobiographical and as a farewell. The subject of the study was the specificity of the timbral embodiment of the composition’s figurative and emotional sphere. In the proposed reading, the first part of the sonata is an image of the world to which the composer sends a farewell glance, the second is a sarcastic sketch of bright collective images of the vices of humanity, and the finale is a penetration beyond reality. The author of the article, in detail, referring to specific musical examples given in the text, examines the specific instrumental techniques used by the composer, which made it possible to embody the mystical concept of the sonata. The novelty of the research lies in the identification of three main figurative lines of the composition: eternity, the voice of the soul, and the world, which correspond to different timbral characteristics of the viola, which received their definitions through the use of specific expressive techniques. Eternity is the dispassionate sound of the viola, which is characterized by some programming, inexorability (an allusion to the "knock of fate”), monotonous figuration, and long double notes in the lower part of the range. The voice of the soul is detached, with the dark, gloomy coloring of the sound: melodica, devoid of "beautiful" intonations, sentimental singing, "Beethoven" trio in new refraction, acting as the personification of the otherworldly. The world is a tearing and sharp sound and sarcastic caricature of colors: glissando with access to the flageolet, short caustic foreshocks, exaggeratedly sharp staccato, ascending parallel quarts in sixteenth, illustrating a hysterical burst of laughter. The main figurative spaces coexist throughout the composition, presenting in the sonata genre a new specific characteristic of the viola for the first time, which interprets the world of unreal images in many ways. Shostakovich's sonata is defined as the starting point of the formation of the leading figurative direction of the viola repertoire of the last third of the twentieth century, which secured the viola the role of a guide to the world of the beyond—a kind of Virgil.
The History of the Creation, Premiere, and Prohibition of Dmitri Shostakovich's Thirteenth Symphony
Authors: Petrov Vladislav Olegovich
Published: March 2023

The research subject of this article is Dmitri Shostakovich's “Thirteenth Symphony”—one of the most monumental symphonic canvases of the twentieth century, reflecting in its essence the chronicle of historical vicissitudes that took place in the Soviet Union. After a number of compromised compositions in the late 1940s and 1950s, forcibly written ("Songs about Forests," the Eleventh Symphony, numerous miniatures), the Thirteenth Symphony made a splash in musical and near-musical circles, as many perceived it from a polemic angle with the Stalinist regime. The reader's attention is focused on the fact that in it, the composer resorts to a veiled polemic with the current government, and the figurative world of the symphony is a direct reaction of Shostakovich not only to the events to which the opus is dedicated ("Babi Yar," the words of E. Yevtushenko) but also on the reality surrounding him. The semantic contexts of the work are examined through the prism of biographical data about the composer, as a result of which a wide documentary and historical apparatus are involved—the memoirs of Shostakovich's colleagues and contemporaries, his own statements addressed both to the symphony in question and to the broad historical and cultural context of the era. It is in the broad contextual approach that the scientific novelty of the article is seen. In addition, it presents analytical material that allows a deeper understanding of the essence of the work as a whole and the reasons why the symphony was banned at the time.
Memory for incidentally learned categories evolves in the post-learning interval
Authors: Gabay Yafit , Karni Avi , Holt Lori L
Published: March 2023

Humans generate categories from complex regularities evolving across even imperfect sensory input. Here, we examined the possibility that incidental experiences can generate lasting category knowledge. Adults practiced a simple visuomotor task not dependent on acoustic input. Novel categories of acoustically complex sounds were not necessary for task success but aligned incidentally with distinct visuomotor responses in the task. Incidental sound category learning emerged robustly when within-category sound exemplar variability was closely yoked to visuomotor task demands and was not apparent in the initial session when this coupling was less robust. Nonetheless, incidentally acquired sound category knowledge was evident in both cases one day later, indicative of offline learning gains and, nine days later, learning in both cases supported explicit category labeling of novel sounds. Thus, a relatively brief incidental experience with multi-dimensional sound patterns aligned with behaviorally relevant actions and events can generate new sound categories, immediately after the learning experience or a day later. These categories undergo consolidation into long-term memory to support robust generalization of learning, rather than simply reflecting recall of specific sound-pattern exemplars previously encountered. Humans thus forage for information to acquire and consolidate new knowledge that may incidentally support behavior, even when learning is not strictly necessary for performance.
Endotaxis: A neuromorphic algorithm for mapping, goal-learning, navigation, and patrolling
Authors: Zhang Tony , Rosenberg Matthew , Jing Zeyu , Perona Pietro , Meister Markus
Published: March 2023

An animal entering a new environment typically faces three challenges: explore the space for resources, memorize their locations, and navigate towards those targets as needed. Here we propose a neural algorithm that can solve all these problems and operates reliably in diverse and complex environments. At its core, the mechanism makes use of a behavioral module common to all motile animals, namely the ability to follow an odor to its source. We show how the brain can learn to generate internal “virtual odors” that guide the animal to any location of interest. This endotaxis algorithm can be implemented with a simple 3-layer neural circuit using only biologically realistic structures and learning rules. Several neural components of this scheme are found in brains from insects to humans. Nature may have evolved a general mechanism for search and navigation on the ancient backbone of chemotaxis.
Neuroelectrophysiology-Compatible Electrolytic Lesioning
Authors: Bray Iliana E. , Clarke Stephen E. , Casey Kerriann , Nuyujukian Paul ,   the Brain Interfacing Laboratory
Published: March 2023

Lesion studies have historically been instrumental for establishing causal connections between brain and behavior. They stand to provide additional insight if integrated with multielectrode techniques common in systems neuroscience. Here we present and test a platform for creating electrolytic lesions through chronically implanted, intracortical multielectrode probes without compromising the ability to acquire neuroelectrophysiology. A custom-built current source provides stable current and allows for controlled, repeatable lesions in awake-behaving animals. Performance of this novel lesioning technique was validated using histology from
ex vivo
and
in vivo
testing, current and voltage traces from the device, and measurements of spiking activity before and after lesioning. This electrolytic lesioning method avoids disruptive procedures, provides millimeter precision over the extent and submilimeter precision over the location of the injury, and permits electrophysiological recording of single-unit activity from the remaining neuronal population after lesioning. This technique can be used in many areas of cortex, in several species, and theoretically with any multielectrode probe. The low-cost, external lesioning device can also easily be adopted into an existing electrophysiology recording setup. This technique is expected to enable future causal investigations of the recorded neuronal population’s role in neuronal circuit function, while simultaneously providing new insight into local reorganization after neuron loss.
Surface curvature and basal hydraulic stress induce spatial bias in cell extrusion
Authors: Huang Cheng-Kuang , Yong Xianbin , She David T. , Lim Chwee Teck
Published: March 2023

Epithelial cell extrusion is employed in maintaining a healthy epithelium. It remains unclear how environmental conditions specific to various epithelial tissues, such as geometry and fluid osmolarity, affect cell extrusions. We found that, over curved surfaces, epithelial monolayers exhibited higher extrusion rates in concave regions than convex ones. This difference, and overall extrusions, decreased when osmotically induced basal hydraulic stress was reduced by increasing media osmolarity or by culturing monolayers on hydrogels. Mechanistically, basal fluid accumulation antagonized cell-substrate adhesions and the subsequent FAK-Akt survival pathway, leading to apoptotic cell death. Convex surfaces induced cellular forces that acted against osmosis, thereby promoting adhesions and lowering apoptosis. This effect was reversed in concave regions, and together, resulted in a curvature induced spatial bias in cell extrusions.
Defects in lipid homeostasis reflect the function of TANGO2 in phospholipid and neutral lipid metabolism
Authors: Lujan Agustin Leonardo , Foresti Ombretta , Sugden Conor , Brouwers Nathalie , Farre Alex Mateo , Vignoli Alessio , Azamian Mahshid , Turner Alicia , Wojnacki Jose , Malhotra Vivek
Published: March 2023

We show that TANGO2 in mammalian cells localizes predominantly to mitochondria and partially at mitochondria sites juxtaposed to lipid droplets (LDs) and the endoplasmic reticulum. HepG2 cells and fibroblasts of patients lacking TANGO2 exhibit enlarged LDs. Quantitative lipidomics revealed a marked increase in lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and a concomitant decrease in its biosynthetic precursor phosphatidic acid (PA). These changes were exacerbated in nutrient-starved cells. Based on our data, we suggest that TANGO2 function is linked to acyl-CoA metabolism, which is necessary for the acylation of LPA to generate PA. The defect in acyl-CoA availability impacts the metabolism of many other fatty acids, generates high levels of reactive oxygen species, and promotes lipid peroxidation. We suggest that the increased size of LDs is a combination of enrichment in peroxidized lipids and a defect in their catabolism. Our findings help explain the physiological consequence of mutations in TANGO2 that induce acute metabolic crises, including rhabdomyolysis, cardiomyopathy, and cardiac arrhythmias, often leading to fatality upon starvation and stress.
A Study of BRCA1 Gene Exon 2 Mutation in Bangladeshi Female Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Basu Jayasree , Ara Yesmin Zinnat , Hossain Taslima , Shahrear Rayhan
Published: March 2023

Background: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and leading cause of death among women in Bangladesh. Mutations in BRCA genes increase the risk for breast cancer. A large number of distinct mutations and polymorphisms in the BRCA1 gene have been reported worldwide, a frameshift mutation in BRCA1 gene exon 2 (185delAG) is one of the commonly reported mutations. Therefore, the study was planned to determine the frequencies of mutation and polymorphisms in BRCA1 gene exon 2. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive type of study was done on 100 adult Bengali Bangladeshi female patients with ductal carcinoma of breast of age range between 25 to 70 years by ‘selection checklist.’ Genomic DNA was isolated from the peripheral blood samples. Amplification of the desired sequence of BRCA1 exon 2 was checked in gel and then digested with restriction endonuclease enzyme (Hinfl). The fragments obtained were analyzed on a gel and photographed under UV light. Sanger sequencing was done on 10 blood samples for confirmation. Sequenced data was analyzed by Geneious Software version 11. Results: The onset of cancer was predominantly below 50 years and 44% of patients did not experience menopause as they developed cancer at a younger age. Gel photographs after enzyme digestion showed wild-type bands of 149bp in all samples. The chromatogram reveals wild-type sequence of exon 2 of BRCA1 gene. Conclusions: BRCA1 mutation status helps us in the cancer risk prediction, selection of therapeutic management and genetic counseling of the patients and families. Therefore, it is necessary to study the whole BRCA1 gene in our population.
Et kunnskapsfag med samfunnsrelevans
Authors: Lutnæs Eva , Brænne Karen , Omtveit Bibbi
Published: March 2023

Liv Merete Nielsen har jobbet iherdig og lidenskapelig for å bygge et sterkt forskningsfelt og en utdanning med høyt faglig trykk innen design, kunst og håndverk fra barnehage til doktorgradsnivå. I denne artikkelen analyserer vi 64 ‘LMN har ordet’, professor Nielsens faste spalte i det fagdidaktiske tidsskriftet FORM i perioden 2010–2022. Gjennom en retorisk analyse identifiseres kampsaker og ambisjoner på grunnskolefagets vegne. Nielsens oppgjør med det isolerte, individsentrerte og kunnskapssvekka formingsfaget kommer tydelig frem i hennes tekster, og blir både et fagpolitisk og akademisk prosjekt. Arven fra Sverige er et fundament i Nielsens arbeid for å utvikle skolefaget Kunst og håndverk til et kunnskapsfag med samfunnsrelevans. Gjennom tre topoi, 1) Visuell kompetanse for medvirkning, 2) Skape og kreve bærekraftige løsninger og 3) Håndverkskompetanse som grunnlag for yrkesfaglig ut­dan­n­ing og hverdagsliv, synliggjøres nyanser og vinklinger som Nielsen aktiverer når hun forklarer grunn­skole­fagets bidrag til samfunnet.
Editorial. Memorial volume for Liv Merte Nielsen
Authors: Brænne Karen , Lefdal Else-Margrethe , Fauske Laila Belinda , Lutnæs Eva , Digranes Ingvild
Published: March 2023

Professor Emerita Liv Merete Nielsen turns 70 is in March 2023. Nielsen has been a significant supporter of individuals' career paths, and acted as a field builder over many years. She has pushed professional boundaries, and highlighted the social relevance of the Art and crafts subject. In this special issue of FormAkademisk, there are many who express gratitude for Nielsen's having shown the way and generously shared his wisdom and professional insight.
Greetings to Liv Merete Nielsen
Authors: Berg Arild
Published: March 2023

Liv Merete Nielsen has meant a lot to me in my development as a researcher and person. She has shown how she can be a personal and friendly person just being herself, while at the same time entering large international research arenas with the greatest naturalness. She has shown in an exemplary way how to build a new research field within the design profession in Norway where you combine professional expertise at an international level with interpersonal relationships. She has impressed me in taking an appropriate number of initiatives, but not too many, which she has then followed up with systematic, gentle and friendly, iron will. There has never been an unkind word, but through pleasant and enthusiastic appeals, everlasting, she has engaged, gathered, and uplifted an entire professional environment. This has happened across institutions, across departments and across national borders.
En hilsen
Authors: Waagbø Maria
Published: March 2023

Liv Merete Nielsen har banet vei for en allmenn forståelse for det store arbeidet kvinner tradisjonelt har jobbet med, og som de har fremmet i skolen med den tanke om at hode, hjerte og hender arbeider sammen – alltid! Liv Merete har arbeidet for at våre arbeidsvilkår i skolen skal bedres, og for en lønns­messig rettferdighet. I tillegg har hun forstått samtiden ved å ha kunnskap om det historiske bakteppet, samt orientert seg mot fremtiden.
Med Fagdidaktikk som omdreiningspunkt
Authors: Digranes Ingvild , Fauske Laila B.
Published: March 2023

Liv Merete Nielsen disputerte i år 2000, med avhandlingen Drawing and spatial representations. Det var trangt i salen, i de gamle lokalene til AHO, ved St. Olavs plass. Disputasen var historisk. Da doktorgradsprogrammet ved Arkitektur- og designhøgskolen i Oslo (AHO) i 1995 la til rette for å inkludere designdidaktikere, fikk også denne profesjonsgrenen innen ‘the making professions’ mulighet til å forske i eget fagfelt. Liv Merete var den første som disputerte, med eksplisitt fagdidaktisk tematikk.  Vi visste det ikke da – men dette var den første disputasen i en rekke av flere, med designdidaktisk forankring. For flere av tilhørerne ble denne begivenheten en inspirasjon for videre forskningskarriere, men også for undervisning i fagdidaktikk, på BA-, MA- og etter hvert også Ph.d.-nivå.
Traditional Healing Expectations in Light of Placebo and Performance Studies
Authors:   University of Helsinki, Finland, Kohonen Siria
Published: March 2023

This article examines what expectations lay people (those not considered folk healers themselves) had for pre-industrial Finnish-Karelian healing traditions, how these expectations were represented in archived folklore materials, and how they, in turn, affected the healing traditions. The study represents a cross-disciplinary analysis of the subject, with theoretical perspectives drawn from performance studies, cognitive science memory studies, and placebo studies. Via a two-step analysis, this article examines the different meanings given to traditional healing methods and suggests that these methods increased the placebo effect in several ways, most importantly by fulfilling the general expectations for healing performances. The article also proposes that the placebo effect affected the way that lay people considered efficacious healing performances.
Materiality of Magic in Estonian and Finnish Museums
Authors:   Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland, Hukantaival Sonja , Jonuks Tõnno ,   Department of Folkloristics at the Estonian Literary Museum, Tartu, Estonia, Johanson Kristiina ,   Institute of Archaeology and History, University of Tartu, Estonia
Published: March 2023

This paper discusses objects connected with folk magic and medicine found in museum collections in Estonia and Finland. Our perspective is comparative as we compare these collections to other sources and to each other. The focus is on what kind of objects are found in the museum collections and how these differ between the two countries. We also explore how these materials have been acquired and collated. While we see general similarities between the magic objects in the two countries, there are also notable differences: remains of bears stand out in the Finnish collections while fossils are common in the Estonian ones. Although these observations may reflect a true difference in magic traditions, there are still potential sources of bias in the collections. Even though the museum collections in both countries were formed with romantic national overtones, the interests of individual collectors and curators influenced them in various ways.
An epidemiological study of the predictors of multidrug resistance and methicillin resistance among Staphylococcus spp. isolated from canine specimens submitted to a diagnostic laboratory in Tennessee, USA
Authors: Lord Jennifer , Millis Nick , Jones Rebekah Duckett , Johnson Brian , Kania Stephen A. , Odoi Agricola
Published: March 2023

Background

Understanding drivers of multidrug resistance (MDR) and methicillin resistance, which have increased among canine staphylococcal isolates, is essential for guiding antimicrobial use practices. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify predictors of MDR and methicillin resistance among Staphylococcus spp. commonly isolated from canine clinical specimens.

Methods

This retrospective study used records of canine specimens submitted to the University of Tennessee College of Veterinary Medicine Clinical Bacteriology Laboratory for bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing between 2006 and 2017. Records from 7,805 specimens positive for the following Staphylococcus species were included for analysis: Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus coagulans (formerly Staphylococcus schleiferi subspecies coagulans), and Staphylococcus schleiferi (formerly S. schleiferi subsp. schleiferi). Generalized linear regression models were fit using generalized estimating equations (GEE) to identify predictors of MDR (defined as resistance to three or more antimicrobial classes) and methicillin resistance among these isolates.

Results

Multidrug resistance (42.1%) and methicillin resistance (31.8%) were relatively common. Isolates from skeletal (joint and bone) specimens had the highest levels of MDR (51.3%) and methicillin resistance (43.6%), followed by cutaneous specimens (45.8% multidrug-resistant, 37.1% methicillin resistant). Staphylococcus species, specimen site, and clinical setting were significant (p < 0.01) predictors of both outcomes. Compared to S. pseudintermedius, S. schleiferi had higher odds of methicillin resistance, while S. coagulans and S. schleiferi had lower odds of MDR. The odds of both MDR and methicillin resistance for isolates from hospital patient specimens were significantly higher than those from referral patients for urine/bladder and otic specimens. Odds of MDR among isolates from skeletal specimens of hospital patients were also higher than those of referral patients.

Conclusions

Staphylococcus isolates in this study had substantial levels of MDR and methicillin resistance. Differences in the odds of these outcomes between referral and hospital patient isolates did not persist for all specimen sites, which may reflect differences in diagnostic testing and antimicrobial use practices with respect to body site or system. Judicious antimicrobial use, informed by culture and susceptibility testing, is important to limit treatment failures and curb selection pressure.
Exploring Korean adolescent stress on social media: a semantic network analysis
Authors: Song JongHwi , Yang JunRyul , Yoo SooYeun , Cheon KyungIn , Yun SangKyun , Shin YunHee
Published: March 2023

Background

Considering that adolescents spend considerable time on the Internet and social media and experience high levels of stress, it is difficult to find a study that investigates adolescent stress through a big data-based network analysis of social media. Hence, this study was designed to provide basic data to establish desirable stress coping strategies for adolescents based on a big data-based network analysis of social media for Korean adolescent stress. The purpose of this study was to (1) identify social media words that express stress in adolescents and (2) investigate the associations between those words and their types.

Methods

To analyse adolescent stress, we used social media data collected from online news and blog websites and performed semantic network analysis to understand the relationships among keywords extracted in the collected data.

Results

The top five words used by Korean adolescents were counselling, school, suicide, depression, and activity in online news, and diet, exercise, eat, health, and obesity in blogs. As the top keywords of the blog are mainly related to diet and obesity, it reflects adolescents’ high degree of interest in their bodies; the body is also a primary source of adolescent stress. In addition, blogs contained more content about the causes and symptoms of stress than online news, which focused more on stress resolution and coping. This highlights the trend that social blogging is a new channel for sharing personal information.

Conclusions

The results of this study are valuable as they were derived through a social big data analysis of data obtained from online news and blogs, providing a wide range of implications related to adolescent stress. Hence this study can contribute basic data for the stress management of adolescents and their mental health management in the future.
Management of Repeated Denture Fracture Through Direct Metal Laser Sintering Metal Reinforced Denture
Authors: Rathee Manu , Singh Sandeep , Alam Maqbul , Jain Prachi , Divakar S
Published: March 2023

Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) is a type of additive metal production that is simpler, more precise, and healthier than traditional manufacturing, while being highly cost-effective. In this process, the metal powder which is free of binder or fluxing agent, is completely melted by the scanning of a high-power laser beam. The resulting part has properties like the original material. In removable prosthodontics, the fracture of heat cure acrylic resin dentures is an unsolved problem. The most common issue is a midline fracture of the maxillary denture. Among midline fractures, 71% were reported in maxillary complete dentures and 29% in mandibular dentures. Patients with heavy masticatory loads and those with parafunctional habits are more likely to experience this. In such circumstances, a metal framework base improves a prosthesis’s fracture resistance, stability, and retention. A 45- year-old female patient reported with a chief complaint of repeated fracture of maxillary complete denture and gave the history of midline fracture of upper denture three times in last 2 years. Intraoral examination revealed v shaped deep hard palate and severely resorbed mandibular ridge. DMLS metal reinforced maxillary denture and metal mesh reinforced mandibular denture was planned to prevent fracture of the denture in future. Metal framework reinforcement of complete denture is a simple, quick, and cost-effective technique to decrease the chances of denture fracture in future, thus beneficial for both patient and the dentist. One year follow-up has been done and patient is comfortable with the denture.
Surgical Approach to Odontogenic Maxillary Sinusitis Caused by Tooth Root Displacement into the Maxillary Sinus: A Case Report
Authors: Costa Marcelo Dias Moreira de Assis , Chagas Ã‰tore Goulart , Ludmila CÃ¡ssia Lopes Pinheiro Ludmila CÃ¡ssia Lopes Pinheiro , Dietrich Lia , Paranhos Luiz Renato
Published: March 2023

Paranasal sinuses affected by foreign bodies are uncommon clinical situations. Foreign body displacement into facial sinuses is a potential iatrogenic complication, that may cause an oroantral fistula, sinusitis, cellulitis, and subdural emphysema. The maxillary sinus is usually the most affected by tooth displacements, due to its proximity. A dental fragment in the maxillary sinus may cause Odontogenic Maxillary Sinusitis (OMS). The present case report presents a case from the diagnosis to treatment of OMS originated by a fragment of tooth root displacement into the sinus during a previous dental extraction. A female patient, 13-yearold, had characteristic signs of sinusitis, reporting rhinorrhoea, headache, eye pain, and pain on the left side of the face. The clinical examination showed pain on palpation in the buccal region of the upper left first molar, which was absent. The Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) showed a foreign body inside the maxillary sinus, complete opacification, and bone defect on the sinus floor. Given the final diagnosis of OMS, the treatment selected was the combination of antibiotic therapy and fragment removal from the sinus. The diagnosis, planning, and correct use of surgical techniques described in the literature are essential for preventing iatrogenesis and actively ensuring patient health. In this sense, patients need to be informed about any complication, which should be written in the medical records along with resolution measures.
FOCUSING ULTRASOUNDS BEAM
Authors: KALAMARZ Paulina , ZAGROBELNA Magdalena , PYZIAK Leszek
Published: March 2023

The focused ultrasound beam is very important in diagnostics and medical treatments. The aim of the study is to analyze the basic physical phenomena in the process of focusing the ultrasonic wave. Based on the measured temperature in the focus of the ultrasonic beam. The compatibility of the temperature measurement by the method HIFU optical fiber.
APPLICATION OF THE HYBRID BALANCED RATIOMETRIC MEASUREMENT METHOD IN THE HIGH-PRECISION AC THERMOMETRY BRIDGES
Authors: MIKHAL Aleksander A. , MELESHCHUK Dmitro V. , WARSZA Zygmunt Lech
Published: March 2023

The paper article describes the circuit of an automatic AC bridge for high precision temperature measurements using a standard platinum SPRT sensor. An original method for measuring the impedance parameters of SPRT sensor which allows to carry out the measurement process without loss of accuracy, is described in detail. This measurement method is proposed to name as hybrid method. It is a combination of a balanced method for rough compensation of the circuit and a ratiometric method which accurately measures the ratio of two values of the imbalance signal, before and after its known change. With this method, the measuring circuit also does not require a circuit to compensate for the reactive component of the SPRT sensor impedance. The inductive voltage divider with lower number of digits is needed only for the coarse compensation. This circuit is simpler and at lower cost of the hardware resources allows to achieve the same accuracy as the most accurate thermometric bridges with fully balanced circuits.
DIÁLOGOS SOBRE DRAMATURIGIAS NEGRAS: UMA ENTREVISTA COM JULIANNA ROSA DE SOUZA
Authors: Cruz Jessé Da
Published: March 2023

Este ebó sensível em forma de diálogo é uma oferenda de padê para Exu. Um padê feito pelas artes da cena encruzilhada pelas dramaturgias negras e seu campo de despacho. Encruzilhada que trilha caminho da pesquisadora, professora, militante, artivista, mulher preta, macumbeira, doutora Julianna Rosa de Souza, por meio de um encontro carnal feito na encruzilhada da vida, que posteriormente resultou em um convite especial para este momento. As questões foram encaminhadas via drive, Outubro/2022, cujo objetivo é promover este despacho em forma conversa, provocado pelo atravessamento de vida, percurso e ações culturais, artísticas e profissionais da convidada.
The Performance of Students in the Practical Evaluation of Muscle Recognition in Natural and Artificial Anatomical Parts
Authors: Severo-Santos João Francisco
Published: March 2023

Learning human anatomy can be challenging for Physical Education and Medicine students. Large volume of information, technical terminology, difficulty in visualizing 3D structures, lack of practice and emotional pressure are some challenges faced by students. However, the study of muscle anatomy is as important for physicians as it is for physical educators, albeit for different main reasons. In this study, the objective was to verify if there are differences in the performance of medical and physical education students in practical tests of recognition of muscular structures in natural and artificial anatomical parts. From approximately 126 muscles of the upper and lower limbs and their girdles, 20 structures were drawn (10 in natural pieces and 10 in artificial pieces). The notes and class notebook records of 86 physical education students and 103 medical students from two public universities were compared, considering that there were no differences between the evaluation methods and the professors in charge. It was found that, despite substantial differences in the socioeconomic profile of each course, physical education students were significantly better at recognizing muscle structures. However, this result was dependent on the better performance of physical education students in the evaluation of artificial parts. The students' performance was lower, much more variable and similar between the groups in the evaluation of the natural pieces. Such results suggest the need for greater contact and manipulation, especially of medicine, in cadaver pieces.
Studies on the Quality Characteristics of Flour Blends from Sesame Seeds, African Yam Bean and Moringa Leaf Powder for “Biscuit- Like” Manufacture
Authors: Ohuoba Elizabeth Ugbede , Okonkwo Thomas M. , Francis Okoyeuzu Chigozie
Published: March 2023

This study was aimed at investigating the quality characteristics of flour blends produced from sesame seeds, African yam bean (AYB) and Moringa leaf powder (MLP) for “biscuit- like” production. Dehulled sesame seeds were roasted for 7-13 min at 185 – 200 0C, defatted and milled into flour and tagged as DSDSF , African yam bean was toasted at 125 0C for 40 min, dehulled, milled into flour, and tagged as TDAYBF while Moringa leaf was sundried, milled into flour and tagged as MLP. All these flour samples were then blended into 18 ratios and tagged as LMDTM1-18. The  ratios of DSDSF:TDAYBF:MLP were  100: 0:0(LMDTM1), 0: 100: 0(LMDTM2), 95: 0: 5(LMDTM3), 95:5:0(LMDTM4), 90: 5:5(LMDTM5), 90:10:0(LMDTM6), 80:15:5 (LMDTM7), 80: 20:0(LMDTM8), 70:25: 5(LMDTM9), 70:30: 0(LMDTM10), 60: 35: 0(LMDTM11), 60: 40: 0(LMDTM12), 50: 45: 5(LMDTM13), 50: 50: 0(LMDTM14), 40: 55: 5(LMDTM15), 40: 60: 0(LMDTM16), 30: 65: 5(LMDTM17), and 30: 70: 0(LMDTM18). The flour blends were studied for physicochemical, functional and anti-nutrients properties. After blending, the formulated samples had proximate composition of  3.37 -9.21 % moisture, 18-27.5 % protein, 0.18-3.95 fat, 1.31 – 3.9 % ash, 3.2-8.88 % crude fiber and 52.75-65.45 % carbohydrate. Each proximate component varied significantly (p<0.05) between samples. While LMDTM13 had significantly(p<0.05) the highest moisture content, protein, and fat LMDTM6 had the highest ash content, LMDTM2 had the highest crude fiber and LMDTM1 had the highest carbohydrate. The control sample LMDTM1 had the highest bulk density (0.711), water absorption capacity (165.52 %), oil absorption capacity (94.5 %), protein solubility (13.4 %), foaming capacity (8.0 %), but lowest swelling power (3.5 %), emulsion capacity (46.2 %), phytate (16.29 mg/100g), tannin (4.64mg/100g) and Trypsin inhibitor (1.20 mg/100g) compared to other samples.  Blended flour mainly from plant sources of high-quality value can be blended when processed, giving the opportunity to increase its nutrition, consumption, and acceptability for biscuit- like production. In this study, sesame seeds were incorporated into African yam bean and moringa leaf powder to increase the quality and flavor replacing wheat flour in biscuit production.
Bipartite Domination Number of Mycielski Graph of Some Graph Families
Authors: Pelias Winelyn P. , Cabahug, Isagani S.
Published: March 2023

For a nontrivial connected graph G, a non-empty set S \(\subseteq\) V (G) is a bipartite dominating set of graph G, if the subgraph G[S] induced by S is bipartite and for every vertex not in S is dominated by any vertex in S. The bipartite domination number denoted by \(\gamma\)bip(G) of graph G is the minimum cardinality of a bipartite dominating set G. In this paper, we determine the exact bipartite domination number of a crown graph and its mycielski graph as well as the bipartite domination number of the mycielski graph of path and cycle graphs.
“Influence of Micro Nutrients and Naphthalene Acetic Acid on Growth, Yield and Economics of Summer Greengram (Vigna radiata L.)”
Authors: Usha R. , Debbarma Victor , Thejas M. S.
Published: March 2023

A field experiment was conducted during Zaid 2022 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, SHUATS, Prayagraj (U.P) to determine the “Influence of micronutrients and naphthalene acetic acid on growth, yield and economics of summer greengram (Vigna radiata L.)”. To study treatments consisting of three Micronutrients viz. Zn @ 100 ppm, Boron @ 100 ppm and Mn @ 50 ppm and three levels of Naphthalene acetic acid viz. 30, 40 and 50 ppm. There were 10 treatments, each of which was replicated three times and laid out in a random block design. The results showed that treatment 3 [Zinc (100ppm) + NAA (50ppm)] recorded significantly higher plant height (47.6 cm), higher number of branches/plant (9.00), higher number of leaves/plant (13.60), higher dry weight (7.40g), higher number of nodules/plant (7.6). Whereas, maximum number of pods/plant (29.00), maximum number of seeds/pod (10.27), higher test weight (29.40 g), higher seed yield (1.24t/ha), higher stover yield (2.73 t/ha) and higher harvest index (30.30 %) was recorded in treatment 3 [Zinc (100ppm) + NAA (50ppm)]. Similarly, maximum gross return (86,085.00 INR/ha), higher net return (58,674.00 INR/ha) and highest benefit cost ratio (2.14) was also recorded in treatment 3 [Zinc (100ppm) + NAA (50ppm)] as compared to other treatments.
Response of Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) to Bio-stimulants in Relation to Growth, Yield and Quality
Authors: Chakravarthy Gudapati Ashoka , Mohan K. Krishna
Published: March 2023

Field experiment was conducted during December 2018 to April 2019 at the Student’s farm, Department of Agriculture Science & Rural Development, Loyola Academy degree and pg college, Secunderabad to find out the effect of bio-stimulants on growth and yield of Brinjal   var. Utkarsha. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) and the treatments comprised of: T1- Folicist @ 3 ml l-1, T2 – Fylloton @ 3 ml l-1, T3 – Globalga @ 3 ml l-1, T4 – Tata Bahar @ 2.5 ml l-1, T5 – Neo-Alpha @ 2.5 ml l-1, T6 – Daiwik @ 2.5 ml l-1, T7 – Recommended dose of NPK alone and T8 – control. Biostimulants were applied as foliar spray at pre-flowering, flowering and fruit setting stages. From the results of the experiment, it was observed that all the growth parameters i.e., plant height (92 cm), number of branches (12 plant-1) and number of leaves (38 plant-1) were significantly increased by the application of folicist @ 3.0 ml l-1 and it was at par with tata bahar @ 2.5 ml l-1. Same treatment also resulted significant increase in terms of number of flowers (68 plant-1), number of fruits (29 plant-1). The fruit length (7.8 cm), fruit diameter (8.35 cm), average fruit weight (90 g fruit-1), fruit yield (2.55 kg plant-1) were recorded in foliar application of folicist @ 3 ml l-1 and it was onpar with foliar application of tata bahar 2.5 ml l-1. The lowest values of growth parameters, yield attributes and yield were observed in control (T8). From the present study it can be concluded that application of folicist @ 3.0 ml l-1 will fetch the remuneration to the farmers.
Trend, Pattern and Presentation of Visual Impairment and Blindness among Students of Schools for the Blind in South-East Nigeria
Authors: Jane-Pamela Okeke Chiamaka , Ogbeanu Achigbu Eberechukwu , Emmanuel Ogborogu , Ifeoma Ejiakor
Published: March 2023

Introduction: The prevalence and distribution of major causes of blindness in children  vary based on  the availability of primary health care and eye care services, and under-5 mortality rates amongst others.  Irrespective of the aetiology, blind children have a lifetime to live with the disability and this places enormous pressure on the family unit and the society.

Data on the magnitude of blindness is usually gotten from schools for the blind.

This study aimed to identify the recent trend, and presentation of visual impairment and blindness among students in schools for the blind located in southeast Nigeria.

Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study conducted among visually impaired students in schools for the blind in southeast, Nigeria. A total of 92 students were examined from three randomly selected schools out of the six schools in this region.

Results: There was a male to female ratio of 1.3:1, an age range of 8-32 years with a mean age of 18.4   6.4 years.  Majority of the students (85.9%) were blind with visual acuity <3/60, and 14.1% had visual impairment.

 Glaucoma was the leading cause of blindness followed by cataract and most known causes of blindness occurred in childhood.

Conclusion: Most of the causes of blindness were from preventable and treatable causes. Increasing the availability of specialized eye care services for children, and improving  primary health services will reduce the prevalence of blindness due to avoidable causes.
Donations to and purchases for the Museum, 1967-1968
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

A list of acquisitions for the Society's museum and library from 1967 – 1968. Appended are details of Society meetings held in 1967 – 1968.
Anniversary meeting
Authors: - -
Published: March 2023

At the Anniversary meeting a list of newly elected Fellows was presented, as was a list of deceased Fellows. The Annual Report was then delivered, covering topics such as Fellowship, Meetings, Excavations and publications. The Treasurer then presented the Society’s accounts.