bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chloroquine Potentiates the Anticancer Effect of Pterostilbene on Pancreatic Cancer by Inhibiting Autophagy and Downregulating the RAGE/STAT3 Pathway
Authors: Chen Rong-Jane , Lyu Yi-Jhen , Chen Yu-Ying , Lee Yen-Chien , Pan Min-Hsiung , Ho Yuan-Soon , Wang Ying-Jan
Published: November 2021

The treatment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a huge challenge, because pro-survival signaling pathways—such as the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway—are overexpressed in PDAC cells. Moreover, PDAC cells are highly resistant to chemotherapeutic agents because of autophagy induction. Therefore, autophagy and its modulated signaling pathways are attractive targets for developing novel therapeutic strategies for PDAC. Pterostilbene is a stilbenoid chemically related to resveratrol, and has potential for the treatment of cancers. Accordingly, we investigated whether the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine could potentiate the anticancer effect of pterostilbene in the PDAC cell lines MIA PaCa-2 and BxPC-3, as well as in an orthotopic animal model. The results indicated that pterostilbene combined with chloroquine significantly inhibited autophagy, decreased cell viability, and sensitized the cells to pterostilbene-induced apoptosis via downregulation of the RAGE/STAT3 and protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways in PDAC cells. The results of the orthotopic animal model showed that pterostilbene combined with chloroquine significantly inhibited pancreatic cancer growth, delayed tumor quadrupling times, and inhibited autophagy and STAT3 in pancreatic tumors. In summary, the present study suggested the novel therapeutic strategy of pterostilbene combined with chloroquine against the growth of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by inhibiting autophagy and downregulating the RAGE/STAT3 signaling pathways.
Protocol for the Isolation of Stratum Corneum from Pig Ear Skin: Evaluation of the Trypsin Digestion Conditions
Authors: Moniz Tânia , Lima Sofia A. Costa , Reis Salette
Published: November 2021

Stratum corneum (SC) represents the outermost layer of the skin, being an effective barrier against the entry of molecules and pathogens. Skin research has given particular focus to SC as it hampers effective drug delivery for cosmetical and therapeutical purposes. Following recommendations to develop alternative models to animals, the SC isolated from skin obtained from medical procedures or from pigs has gained extensive attention. Yet, there is still missing a standard and simple procedure accepted within the scientific community to avoid application of different isolated SC methodologies, a fact that may hamper progress in skin research. Considering this challenge, the present study evaluated different experimental conditions aiming to establish a useful and sustainable solvent-free procedure for the obtention of a realistic SC model. The studied trypsin digestion parameters included concentration, incubation period and temperature. Isolated SC was characterized using histological analysis and calcein’s permeability, after the procedure and during a 6-week storage period. Data recommend trypsin digestion at 4 °C for 20 h as the most effective procedure to isolate SC from pig ear skin. This work contributes to standardize the SC isolation procedure, and to obtain a valuable and reliable SC mimetic model for skin drug development.
Diffraction Testbed for Use in Remote Teaching
Authors: Gamo Javier
Published: November 2021

The need for remote teaching tools in all education levels has experienced a big increase due to COVID-19 pandemic. Laboratory practical sessions have not been an exception, and many online and offline tools have been made available to respond to the lockdown of teaching facilities. This paper presents a software testbed named OPTILAB for teaching diffraction experiments to engineering students. The software simulates classical diffraction apertures (single slit, double slit, circular slit) under a wide variety of conditions. Explanation about the Physics behind the diffraction phenomenon is also included in OPTILAB to increase the students’ self-learning experience. Originally conceived as a complement to on-site teaching, due to COVID-19 pandemic OPTILAB has been adopted as the basic tool to build a brand-new, virtual laboratory session about diffraction in Physics III course (biomedical engineering) at Carlos III University of Madrid. Results obtained by the students taking this virtual lab during Fall 2020 are presented and discussed.
Proteomic Profile of Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean under Combined Herbicide and Drought Stress Conditions
Authors: Benevenuto Rafael Fonseca , Zanatta Caroline Bedin , Guerra Miguel Pedro , Nodari Rubens Onofre , Agapito-Tenfen Sarah Z.
Published: November 2021

While some genetically modified (GM) plants have been targeted to confer tolerance to abiotic stressors, transgenes are impacted by abiotic stressors, causing adverse effects on plant physiology and yield. However, routine safety analyses do not assess the response of GM plants under different environmental stress conditions. In the context of climate change, the combination of abiotic stressors is a reality in agroecosystems. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the metabolic cost by assessing the proteomic profiles of GM soybean varieties under glyphosate spraying and water deficit conditions compared to their non-transgenic conventional counterparts. We found evidence of cumulative adverse effects that resulted in the reduction of enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, along with the expression of amino acids and nitrogen metabolic enzymes. Ribosomal metabolism was significantly enriched, particularly the protein families associated with ribosomal complexes L5 and L18. The interaction network map showed that the affected module representing the ribosome pathway interacts strongly with other important proteins, such as the chloro-plastic gamma ATP synthase subunit. Combined, these findings provide clear evidence for increasing the metabolic costs of GM soybean plants in response to the accumulation of stress factors. First, alterations in the ribosome pathway indicate that the GM plant itself carries a metabolic burden associated with the biosynthesis of proteins as effects of genetic transformation. GM plants also showed an imbalance in energy demand and production under controlled conditions, which was increased under drought conditions. Identifying the consequences of altered metabolism related to the interaction between plant transgene stress responses allows us to understand the possible effects on the ecology and evolution of plants in the medium and long term and the potential interactions with other organisms when these organisms are released in the environment.
Transformation of Seed Non-Transmissible Hop Viroids in Nicotiana benthamiana Causes Distortions in Male Gametophyte Development
Authors: Steinbachová Lenka , Matoušek Jaroslav , Steger Gerhard , Matoušková Helena , Radišek Sebastjan , Honys David
Published: November 2021

Viroids are small, non-coding, parasitic RNAs that promote developmental distortions in sensitive plants. We analyzed pollen of Nicotiana benthamiana after infection and/or ectopic transformation with cDNAs of citrus bark cracking viroid (CBCVd), apple fruit crinkle viroid (AFCVd) and potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) variant AS1. These viroids were seed non-transmissible in N. benthamiana. All viroids propagated to high levels in immature anthers similar to leaves, while their levels were drastically reduced by approximately 3.6 × 103, 800 and 59 times in mature pollen of CBCVd, AFCVd and PSTVd infected N. benthamiana, respectively, in comparison to leaves. These results suggest similar elimination processes during male gametophyte development as in the Nicotiana tabacum we presented in our previous study. Mature pollen of N. benthamiana showed no apparent defects in infected plants although all three viroids induced strong pathological symptoms on leaves. While Nicotiana species have naturally bicellular mature pollen, we noted a rare occurrence of mature pollen with three nuclei in CBCVd-infected N. benthamiana. Changes in the expression of ribosomal marker proteins in AFCVd-infected pollen were detected, suggesting some changes in pollen metabolism. N. benthamiana transformed with 35S-driven viroid cDNAs showed strong symptoms including defects in pollen development. A large number of aborted pollen (34% and 62%) and a slight increase of young pollen grains (8% and 15%) were found in mature pollen of AFCVd and CBCVd transformants, respectively, in comparison to control plants (3.9% aborted pollen and 0.3% young pollen). Moreover, pollen grains with malformed nuclei or trinuclear pollen were found in CBCVd-transformed plants. Our results suggest that “forcing” overexpression of seed non-transmissible viroid led to strong pollen pathogenesis. Viroid adaptation to pollen metabolism can be assumed as an important factor for viroid transmissibility through pollen and seeds.
In Silico Assessment and Molecular Docking Studies of Some Phyto-Triterpenoid for Potential Disruption of Mortalin-p53 Interaction
Authors: Pham Minh Quan , Le Thi Thuy Huong , Pham Quoc Long , Le Le Thi , Dao Huy Toan , Thi Dang Thanh Le , Thuy Nguyen Pham Dung , Pham Thi Hai Ha
Published: November 2021

Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of liver cancer, represents the second most common cause of death from cancer worldwide. The high toxicity and side effects of some cancer chemotherapy drugs increase the demand for new anti-cancer drugs from natural products. Mortalin/mtHsp70, a stress response protein, has been reported to contribute to the process of carcinogenesis in several ways, including the inhibition of the transcriptional activation of p53. This study conducted a molecular docking study of 41 phyto triterpenes originated from Vietnamese plants for potential Mortalin inhibition activity. Nine compounds were considered as promising inhibitors based on the analysis of binding affinity and drug-like and pharmacokinetic properties.
Research Productivity in Emerging Economies: Empirical Evidence from Kazakhstan
Authors: Narbaev Timur , Amirbekova Diana
Published: November 2021

The growth of the Higher Education and Science (HES) sector is positively associated with its research productivity and has a high potential in emerging countries. To explore such research productivity, this study offers a comprehensive analysis of the scientific literature from Kazakhstan. Our methods included descriptive analysis, network analysis, and author-based productivity analysis (by Lotka’s law) of 23,371 articles from Scopus, published during 1991–2020, and across 25 subject areas. The results of the descriptive analysis showed a substantial increase in the number of and citations to the literature since 2011 in almost all subject areas. However, the network analysis found that research in natural sciences was more developed in topical relationships and international collaborations than research in arts and humanities, social, and medical sciences. The Lotka’s law application revealed that the overall scientific literature in Kazakhstan did not reach its necessary stage of maturity. Additionally, some subject areas demonstrated greater contribution to the overall knowledge base, while others were less productive or lagging in their development. Our findings, useful for researchers and policymakers in emerging countries, can be exemplary in understanding the results of policy reforms aimed to improve the HES sector in emerging countries.
Mapping of Coral Reefs with Multispectral Satellites: A Review of Recent Papers
Authors: Nguyen Teo , Liquet Benoît , Mengersen Kerrie , Sous Damien
Published: November 2021

Coral reefs are an essential source of marine biodiversity, but they are declining at an alarming rate under the combined effects of global change and human pressure. A precise mapping of coral reef habitat with high spatial and time resolutions has become a necessary step for monitoring their health and evolution. This mapping can be achieved remotely thanks to satellite imagery coupled with machine-learning algorithms. In this paper, we review the different satellites used in recent literature, as well as the most common and efficient machine-learning methods. To account for the recent explosion of published research on coral reel mapping, we especially focus on the papers published between 2018 and 2020. Our review study indicates that object-based methods provide more accurate results than pixel-based ones, and that the most accurate methods are Support Vector Machine and Random Forest. We emphasize that the satellites with the highest spatial resolution provide the best images for benthic habitat mapping. We also highlight that preprocessing steps (water column correction, sunglint removal, etc.) and additional inputs (bathymetry data, aerial photographs, etc.) can significantly improve the mapping accuracy.
Association between Transcription Factor 7-like-2 Polymorphisms and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a Ghanaian Population
Authors: Obirikorang Christian , Adu Evans Asamoah , Anto Enoch Odame , Acheampong Emmanuel , Quaye Lawrence , Amoah Brodrick Yeboah , Annani-Akollor Max Efui , Kwakye Aaron Siaw , Fokuoh Foster , Appiah Michael , Nyarko Eric Nana Yaw , Aidoo Freeman , Adua Eric , Afrifa-Yamoah Ebenezer , Balmer Lois , Wang Wei
Published: November 2021

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been strongly associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TCF7L2 gene. This study investigated the association between rs12255372, rs7903146 in the TCF7L2 gene and T2DM in a Ghanaian population. A case-control study design was used for this study. A total of 106 T2DM patients and 110 control participants were selected. Basic data collected included body mass index, blood pressure and socio-demographics. Fasting blood samples were collected and processed for: serum lipid analysis, plasma glucose estimation and plasma HbA1c estimation. Parts of the whole blood samples were used for DNA extraction using a modified salting-out method. Common and allele-specific primers were designed for genotyping using the Modified Tetra-Primer Amplification assay. Associations were evaluated using logistic regression models. The rs7903146 risk variant was significantly associated with 2.16 vs. 4.06 increased odds for T2DM in patients <60 years vs. ≥60 years. Both rs7903146 and rs12255372 were significantly associated with increased odds of T2DM in women, overweight/obese, T2DM negative family history (T2DM-NFH) and low-HDL-C. In a multivariate model, rs7903146 but not rs12255372 was significantly associated with 2.18, 5.01 and 2.25 increased odds of T2DM, under the codominant, recessive and additive model, respectively (p < 0.05). The association between rs7903146 and rs12255372 with T2DM is more highly associated in a subgroup—women and those with T2DM-NFH, yet who have cardiometabolic risk.
Gender and Place of Settlement as Predictors of Perceived Social Support, PTSD, and Insomnia among Internally Displaced Adolescents in North-East Nigeria
Authors: David Onyekachi Prince , Dammeyer Jesper , Yakubu Ismaila
Published: November 2021

Previous research has shown that gender affects social support and post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD). The present study explores the main and interaction effects of gender and place of settlement on social support, PTSD symptoms, and insomnia in internally displaced adolescents (IDAs) in North-east of Nigeria. A stratified sampling method was used to select 109 participants from IDAs living in the camp, while 27 additional IDAs were purposively recruited from those living in the host community. Participants completed measures of Harvard Trauma Questionnaire Part-II, Insomnia Severity Index, and Crisis Support. No significant effects of gender on perceived social support, PTSDs, and insomnia were observed. Place of settlement had a significant effect on social support, with IDAs living in the camp having a higher mean score, while place of settlement had no significant effects on PTSD and insomnia. A significant interaction effect of gender and place of settlements on insomnia was found, with males living in the community having a higher mean score than their female counterparts, as well as both males and females in the camp. In conclusion, there is a need to understand male IDAs who reside in non-camp settings better, including the nature of their challenges, the outcomes they desire, and the limitations they experienced.
Australian Health Professionals’ Attitudes toward Voluntary Assisted Dying: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: O’Connor Moira , Martin Charlene , Willmott Lindy , Haywood Darren , Lawrence Blake , Breen Lauren
Published: November 2021

Voluntary assisted dying (VAD) is when a terminally ill person with decision-making capacity consensually ends their life with assistance from an authorised professional. Many countries have legalised VAD, and health professionals’ roles within VAD frameworks are varied. Health professionals must be well informed of their legal obligations to ensure they practice within the legal boundaries, and those professionals with objections toward VAD should ensure that their eligible patients have equitable access. Given the current landscape of VAD, it is important to understand different health professionals’ attitudes toward VAD and what may underpin these attitudes. We explored (a) Australian health professionals’ attitudes toward VAD; (b) the psychological components that underpin those attitudes; (c) health professionals’ level of knowledge about VAD; (d) health professionals’ most common beliefs, emotions, and experiences related to VAD. A cross-sectional correlational survey design was used. A total of 182 Australian health professionals participated in the online survey based on a tripartite model of attitudes. We conducted a binomial logistic regression through a Generalised Linear Mixed Model and found polarised attitudes toward VAD between health professionals. Attitudes were accounted for by beliefs, emotions, education, and strength of religious beliefs. Knowledge of VAD was low, but not associated with overall attitude in our model. We highlight the importance of reflexive practice to help health professionals identify their values and feelings related to VAD, and to understand how these may affect their clinical practice. Low knowledge of VAD suggests that legislative and procedural training should be mandatory.
Optimal Decisions and Risk Assessment in Sustainable Supply Chains
Authors: Turki Sadok , Sauvey Christophe , Dellagi Sofiene , Rezg Nidhal
Published: November 2021

Due to environmental preoccupations and potential economic benefits [...]
How Does Corporate Party Committee Governance Affect Charitable Donations? Evidence from Heavy-Pollution Industries in China
Authors: Zhang Huiming , Li Lirong , Fan Cheng , Hang Zixuan , Khan Haroon ur Rashid
Published: November 2021

Charitable donations are an effective way for heavy-pollution industries to reduce their environmental reputation risk. In China, the communist party committees within corporations play a key role in decisions regarding charitable donations. However, relatively little is known about the relationship between the governance of corporate party committees and charitable donations. Using data from Chinese listed firms in heavy-pollution industries from 2013 to 2018, we found that corporate party committee governance enhanced the willingness of firms to donate and to increase the amount of their donations significantly. The effect on intention of charitable donations was pronounced for non-state-owned enterprises (NSOEs), whereas the effect on the amount of donations was pronounced for state-owned enterprises (SOEs). Party committee governance increased the amount of charitable donations in regions with a higher level of marketization, but it reduced the amount of charitable donations in firms/industries with a high degree of monopoly. Our findings provide insight for the decisive role of party committees in corporate charitable donations in heavy-pollution industries.
Laparoscopic Living-Donor Nephrectomy of a Horseshoe Kidney: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Galvez Daniel , Steggerda Justin , Christopher Derrick , Borja-Cacho Daniel , Leventhal Joseph
Published: November 2021

We present the case of a living-donor nephrectomy of a horseshoe kidney. The recipient was a 33-year-old male with a history of end-stage renal disease secondary to IgA nephropathy. The donor was his 33-year-old partner who on preoperative cross-sectional imaging was found to have a horseshoe kidney with a single artery, vein and ureter. The donor operation was performed using a laparoscopic hand-assisted technique with transection of the interpolar fibrotic band using a stapler device. The backtable organ preparation was performed in a standard fashion with addition of a reinforcing hemostatic suture of the stapled fibrotic band. The donated kidney was transplanted extraperitoneally in the right iliac fossa of the recipient. The patient had an unremarkable postoperative course and was discharged home on post operative day 2 with normalizing renal function. To our knowledge, this is the first living donor nephrectomy of a horseshoe kidney performed using a laparoscopic hand-assisted technique.
A Novel Double Mosaic Virus-like Particle-Based Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 Incorporates Both Receptor Binding Motif (RBM) and Fusion Domain
Authors: Chang Xinyue , Zeltins Andris , Mohsen Mona O. , Gharailoo Zahra , Zha Lisha , Liu Xuelan , Walton Senta , Vogel Monique , Bachmann Martin F.
Published: November 2021

COVID-19 has emerged, and has rapidly become a major health problem worldwide, causing millions of mortalities. Vaccination against COVID-19 is the most efficient way to stop the pandemic. The goal of vaccines is to induce neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 virus. Here, we present a novel double mosaic virus-like particle (VLP) displaying two independent neutralizing epitopes, namely the receptor binding motif (RBM) located in S1 and the fusion peptide (AA 817–855) located in S2. CuMVTT virus-like particles were used as VLP scaffold and both domains were genetically fused in the middle of CuMVTT subunits, which co-assembled into double mosaic particles (CuMVTT-DF). A single fusion mosaic particle (CuMVTT-FP) containing the fusion peptide only was used for comparison. The vaccines were produced in E. coli, and electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering confirmed their integrity and homogeneity. In addition, the CuMVTT-DF vaccine was well recognized by ACE2 receptor, indicating that the RBM was in native conformation. Both CuMVTT-FP and CuMVTT-DF vaccines induced high levels of high avidity IgG antibodies as well as IgA recognizing spike and RBD in the case of CuMVTT-DF. Both vaccine candidates induced virus-neutralizing antibodies indicating that the fusion peptide can independently induce virus-neutralizing antibodies. In contrast, CuMVTT-DF containing both RBM and fusion peptide induced a higher level of neutralizing antibodies suggesting that the new double mosaic vaccine candidate CuMVTT-DF consisting of two antigens in one VLP maybe an attractive candidate for scale-up in a bacterial fermentation process for clinical development.
Health Effects of Dyes, Minerals, and Vitamins Used in Cosmetics
Authors: Wargala Eliza , Sławska Martyna , Zalewska Agnieszka , Toporowska Magdalena
Published: November 2021

The average woman uses 12 different cosmetic products every day, but they can have a negative effect on human health. Therefore, in recent years, consumer preferences have changed towards buying natural or ecological cosmetics free from preservatives or unnecessary dyes. The aim of this work is to discuss the use of dyes, minerals, and vitamins in cosmetics in terms of their safety and impact on human health. These substances are very important in the cosmetics industry. Most of them are of natural origin. Some minerals used in the production of face masks or creams are recommended to work against inflammations such as ulcers and acne. Clay minerals have exceptional qualities, among others, low or no toxicity and high bio-compatibility. However, some of them may be harmful. For example, the safety of using talc has been widely debated in recent years. Cosmetic-grade talc cannot contain detectable fibrous asbestos minerals. Moreover, talc should not be applied to the skin when the epidermal barrier is missing or significantly disrupted. The use of talc in cosmetic products in the European Union is restricted. Vitamins are one of the most commonly used, biologically active, and easily accessible components in cosmetics. For example, provitamin B5 (D-panthenol) is a bioactive substance. In cosmetic preparations, it has a softening, repairing, and anti-inflammatory effect and is responsible for regulating sebum secretion. However, some vitamins may be harmful to human health. For example, the use of skin-whitening cosmetics containing vitamin C causes allergic contact dermatitis, whereas the most common adverse effect of topical use of vitamin A is skin irritation, erythema, and peeling. Dyes, which are used to color cosmetics, do not improve the condition of the skin, hair, or nails. Some of them may be harmful to human health. For example, the dye CI 60730 (Acid Violet 43) is prohibited for use in eye products and cosmetics that have contact with mucous membranes. In conclusion, some of the popular cosmetic ingredients discussed in this paper may exert a negative influence on human health, and many of these harmful effects have been discovered recently. Therefore, there is a need for further studies on the possible negative effects of dyes, minerals, and vitamins used in cosmetic products.
Pengaruh senam terhadap skala insomnia pada lansia di Panti Jompo Karya Kasih Kota Medan
Authors: Lubis Adnan Akbar , Puspita Sunny , Meldawati Meldawati
Published: November 2021

Pada lansia, kualitas tidur pada malam hari mengalami penurunan menjadi sekitar 70-80% sedikit efektif dari usia dewasa. Insomnia adalah ketidakmampuan untuk tidur walaupun ada keinginan untuk melakukannya. Lansia rentan terhadap insomnia karena adanya perubahan pola tidur. Keluhan insomnia mencakup ketidakmampuan untuk tertidur, sering terbangun, ketidakmampuan untuk kembali tidur, dan terbangun pada dini hari. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh senam terhadap skala insomnia pada lansia di Panti Jompo Karya Kasih Kota Medan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian quasi eksperimental. pretest-posttest without control group. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa usia bahwa paling banyak responden berusia 61-70 tahun di Panti Jompo Karya Kasih Medan. Berdasarkan jenis kelamin paling banyak perempuan di Panti Jompo Karya Kasih Medan. Hasil uji analisis dijumpai  nilai p 0,001 yang artinya signifikan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan tingka insomnia sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan senam lansia di Panti Jompo Karya Kasih Medan.
Manajemen sumber daya manusia dengan waktu tunggu pasien di pelayanan farmasi Rumah Sakit X
Authors: Simanjuntak Mafe Robbi , Pasaribu Nancy Desrina , Sibagariang Eva Ellya
Published: November 2021

Pelayanan farmasi adalah salah satu pelayanan kesehatan yang mendukung proses kegiatan penyembuhan pasien dalam proses pengobatannya yang dapat menjadi indikator mutu pelayanan kesehatan. Berdasarkan survei awal yang dilakukan di Unit Farmasi Rumah Sakit X masih banyak ditemui pasien yang menunggu obat lebih 1 jam. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan manajemen sumber daya manusia  dengan waktu tunggu pasien di pelayanan farmasi Rumah Sakit X. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan penelitian cross-sectional. Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 100 orang dengan teknik pengambilan random sampling. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan adanya hubungan kualitas SDM (0,000) dan kepuasan (0,034) dengan waktu tunggu pasien di pelayanan farmasi Rumah Sakit X. Sedangkan  tata letak obat tidak berhubungan dengan waktu tunggu pasien.
НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВІ ЗАСАДИ РОЗВИТКУ ГРОМАДЯНСЬКОГО СУСПІЛЬСТВА В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Akimova Tetiana
Published: November 2021

У статті досліджуються питання нормативно-правового забезпечення розвитку громадянського суспільства в Україні. Розглянуті важливі документи, які сприяли розвитку громадянського суспільства.
Розкрито сутність поняття громадянське суспільство. Розглянуто сучасні існуючі підходи до розуміння громадянського суспільства, а саме: широкий підхід, прихильники якого сприймають громадянське суспільство як певний етап розвитку будь-якого суспільства та підхід, який розглядає громадянське суспільство як комплекс усіх недержавних соціальних відносин. Зазначено основні складові в системі громадянського суспільства та основні ролі організацій громадянського суспільства, а саме: надання послуг у сфері розвитку, вплив на політику шляхом діалогу та адвокації, захист прав людини та демократизація.
Зазначено, що стрімкий розвиток громадянського суспільства в Україні почався після Революції Гідності 2013-14 роках. Прикладом громадянської ініціативи, що виникла під час Революції Гідності став Реанімаційний пакет реформ. Визначено, що Топ-3 завдань громадських організацій в Україні були названі контроль над урядом, громадянська освіта, підтримка та стимулювання реформ.
У статті досліджено процес розвитку громадянського суспільства в контексті законодавчого забезпечення. Розглянуто, Стратегію сталого розвитку «Україна-2020», Національну економічну стратегію на період до 2030 року», Національну стратегію сприяння розвитку громадянського суспільства в Україні на 2021-2026 роки та ін. Доведено, що серед основних напрямів роботи прослідковується важливість налагодження комунікації з інститутами громадянського суспільства та інформаційне забезпечення, зокрема отримання зворотного зв’язку. Головною передумовою процесу розвитку громадянського суспільства визначений суспільний договір між владою, бізнесом та громадянським суспільством, де кожна сторона має свою зону відповідальності.
СУЧАСНІ МЕХАНІЗМИ ЗАЛУЧЕННЯ МОЛОДІ ДО РОЗВИТКУ ГРОМАДЯНСЬКОГО СУСПІЛЬСТВА
Authors: Kostieva Tetiana
Published: November 2021

У статті розглядаються найбільш перспективні напрями залучення молоді до процесу становлення громадянського суспільства з врахуванням важливості розгортання євроінтеграційної стратегії в Україні. Обґрунтовується особлива роль дослідження соціальних Інтернет-мереж та необхідності формування системи громадянської освіти як провідних завдань забезпечення реальної участі молоді у розвитку вітчизняного громадянського суспільства.
Підкреслено, що саме молодь виступає нині чільним творцем глобального «мережевого суспільства, найбільш потужним системоутворюючим ресурсом якого стають соціальні інтернет-мережі, що виконують декілька важливих соціальних функцій, зокрема обслуговування громадських інтересів і потреб та формування громадської думки.
Доведено, що українська молодь може стати впливовим актором громадянського суспільства за умов подолання імітаційних ініціатив і практик громадянської активності, формування почуття політичної відповідальності на індивідуальному і груповому рівнях як засади утвердження «зрілого» громадянського суспільства.
РЕАЛІЗАЦІЯ ПРОЄКТІВ ДЕРЖАВНО-ПРИВАТНОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА В АГРАРНОМУ СЕКТОРІ
Authors: Kruhlov Vitalii , Tereshchenko Dina
Published: November 2021

У дослідженні проаналізовано сучасний стан розвитку державно-приватного партнерства, місце аграрного сектору економіки України у формуванні валового внутрішнього продукту та досліджено ключові напрями співробітництва держави та приватного власника на основі реалізації проектів у аграрному секторі. Метою статті – є аналіз реалізації проєктів державно-приватного партнерства в аграрному секторі економіки та розробка підходів щодо активізації стратегічних напрямів розвитку партнерства державного та приватного власника в аграрному секторі. В основі сучасних підходів до розвитку аграрного сектору мають знаходитися пріоритети, спрямовані на пошук додаткових ресурсів, які можливо залучити у процесі реалізації проєктів державно-приватного партнерства. У дослідженні визначено основні напрями розвитку державно-приватного партнерства в аграрному секторі, що передбачає обмін знаннями, розроблення комплексних стратегій, концесійні угоди, створення особливих економічних зон, технопарків і технополісів, формування інтегрованих структур, кластерів та інвестиційних фондів, розвиток ланцюгів створення вартості. Виокремлено, на основі існуючого практичного досвіду, основні форми реалізації проєктів державно-приватного партнерства. Запропоновано напрями реалізації проєктів державно-приватного партнерства у окремих галузях аграрного сектору на основі створення та модернізації об’єктів інфраструктури та технологій просування продукції на ринку. Розроблено модель реалізації стратегічного планування розвитку сфер діяльності, пов’язаних з аграрним сектором, на основі можливого використання проєктів державно-приватного партнерства. В якості основних інструментів у розвитку проєктів державно-приватного партнерства в аграрному секторі запропоновано формування Стратегії розвитку сільського господарства, реалізацію сільськогосподарських кластерних проєктів та ланцюгів доданої вартості, податкове стимулювання інноваційної діяльності в аграрному секторі, поліпшення інвестиційного клімату, створення технологічних парків та бізнес-інкубаторів, удосконалення законодавчої бази, інноваційний розвиток та ін.
ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ ЄВРОПЕЙСЬКИХ ПРОГРАМ ПІДТРИМКИ РЕФОРМУВАННЯ ПУБЛІЧНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Khadzhyradieva Svitlana , Shevtsova Jelena
Published: November 2021

У статті обґрунтовується ефективності реалізації європейських програм підтримки реформування публічного управління в Україні. Автором застосовано метод SWOT-аналізу, який дозволив вивчити дану тематику з позиції сильних та слабких сторін, можливостей та загроз. Перевагою даного інструменту є визначення та пріоритизація стратегічних питань у вищезазначеній сфері.
Встановлено, що сильними сторонами європейських програм підтримки реформування публічного управління в Україні є: посилення проактивності Уряду України; запровадження правових та стратегічних рамок; посилення ролі лідерства та командної роботи; цифровізація та координація міжінституційних взаємозв’язків. Слабкі сторони – відсутність в Україні єдиної бази надання підтримки донорами; неузгодженість назв програм; відсутність ключових дефініцій у профільному законодавстві; невиконання усіх зазначених  індикаторів програм; відсутність інформації у реєстрі програм щодо акту Кабінету Міністрів України про виконання індикаторів та досягнення очікуваних результатів (у разі прийняття).
За результатами проведеного SWOT-аналізу використання європейських програм підтримки реформування публічного управління в Україні ми пропонуємо такі практичні рекомендації щодо підвищення ефективності їх використання: а) нормативно закріпити у профільному законодавстві дефініції «публічна служба» та «публічне управління», замінити термінологію «реформування публічного управління» на «європеіїзацію публічного управління»; б) запровадити контентний аудит при підготовці до запиту про надання міжнародної технічної допомоги з метою уникнення дублювання проєктів/програм, або їх компонентів; в) створити єдиний реєстр міжнародної технічної допомоги міжнародних партнерів України, а існуючі проєкти об’єднати у програми за секторами; г) розробити крос-секторальну матрицю впливу від інших проєктів/програм, які роблять внесок у реформування публічного управління в Україні; д) розробити трирівневу систему підтримки реалізації європейських програм підтримки реформування публічного управління в Україні, що базуватиметься на взаємодії та інтероперабельності на національному, регіональному та локальному рівнях; е) визначати лише ті індикатори прогресу імплементації програм, які реально досягти, отже, покращити систему розрахунку ризиків; Запровадити індекс задоволеності громадян від реформи публічного управління в Україні, як користувачів сервісної держави.
Перспективу подальших досліджень вбачаємо у вивчення проєктних компетентностей публічних службовців та їхньої готовності до управління ризиками міжнародних проєктів і програм.
Petrocodon anoectochilus, a Remarkable New Species of Gesneriaceae from Guangxi and Guizhou, Southwest China
Authors: Pan Bo , Ding Tao , Cen Hua-Fei , Huang Zhang-Jie , Maciejewski Stephen , Wen Fang
Published: November 2021

Petrocodon anoectochilus F. Wen & B. Pan, a new species of Gesneriaceae from Guangxi and Guizhou in southwestern China, is described and illustrated. Although the leaf morphology of this new species looks similar to that of P. coriaceifolius (Y. G. Wei) Y. G. Wei & Mich. Möller and P. pseudocoriaceifolius Yan Liu & W. B. Xu, this remarkable new species can be easily distinguished from all other species of Petrocodon s.l. (the two above-mentioned species included) by the shape and color of its memorable corolla. Because of its restricted distribution and threatened environment, the current conservation status of this species should be assessed temporarily as “Endangered.”
Decision Making Models on the Market of Cloud Services
Authors: Gorbachuk Vasyl , Dunaievskyi Maksym , Suleimanov Seit-Bekir , Batih Lyudmyla , Symonov Denys
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Optimization can be applied in developing profitability management tools for a cloud service broker working according to a certain business model. On behalf of the managing telecommunications holding company (telecommunications operator), this broker integrates, aggregates and configures software and data storage services of third-party Internet software vendors. Such a broker receives only fixed commissions from this company, based on the subscription fee, but does not pay royalties to an Internet software vendor and does not receive payments from the sale of service packages.
The purpose. The cloud broker faces the problem of limited human resources required to carry out the relevant legal, technical and economic activities. In addition, the broker faces the problem of uncertainty in sales, service prices, the share of resource use, or the risk of losing operational and financial goals.
Results. To run a broker?s business efficiently, one needs to find services and their bundles that increase profitability and reduce financial risk by solving certain optimization problems. Information on such services is needed to support negotiations on fixed and variable commissions, as well as to prioritize services and their packages to be provided. Thus, for the cloud services broker, both profitability management tools and services portfolio development tools are useful. In general, a cloud service broker is an organization that negotiates the relationships between cloud service clients and Internet software vendors. Cloud broker can be created on the basis of different business models regarding the type of service (platform, infrastructure, software), type of clients (enterprise, household), functions performed (identity management, accounting, billing, location, etc.), the degree of rebranding, measures of aggregation of services and other criteria.
Conclusions. Different cloud brokers have different attitudes to choice of important solutions for their businesses. Solutions can relate to pricing, capacity planning and utilization in combination with service quality, security, scalability and other issues. Keywords: optimization, portfolio, uncertainty, Boolean variables, revenue generation.
STUDY OF THERMOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF UHMWPE
Authors: Adamenko N. A. , Agafonova G. V. , An D. A. , Kazurov A. V. , Pirozhenko V. S.
Published: November 2021

The paper presents comparative studies of the thermomechanical properties of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) and its composite containing 0.5% coke-graphite powder (CGP). It was found that explosive pressing with a pressure of 0.25-0.6 GPa provides high heat resistance of UHMWPE and the investigated composite (154-156 ° C). The heat resistance of the composite decreases to 143-145 ° C, but it is higher than that of a similar material after static pressing (128 ° C).
DETERMINATION OF RAPPROCHEMENT IN PLASTIC CONTACT WHEN MODELING MICROASPERITY OF NOMINALLY PLANE ROUGH SURFACES WITH CYLINDERS
Authors: Matlin M. M. , Kazankin V. A. , Kazankina E. N. , Kapinosova E. V.
Published: November 2021

In this article, a dependence is obtained for determining the rapprochement in plastic contact of rough surfaces of plane parts when modeling microasperity with cylinders. According to the obtained dependence, the influence of the method of processing the mating surfaces on the amount of rapprochement in contact was studied.
MODELING AND CALCULATION OF FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH LIFE IN STEELS
Authors: Savkin A. N. , Sedov A. A. , Badikov K. A. , Baryshnikov A. N.
Published: November 2021

In this work, we studied the kinetics of fatigue crack growth on compact steel tensile specimens (C (T)-type), in the middle section of crack growth diagram under regular and irregular loading with different asymmetries and maximum load. The crack growth kinetics was obtained by the authors experimentally on modern servo-hydraulic testing machine. Irregular loading was carried out using samples of standard loading spectra characteristic of various technical objects experiencing variable loading during operation. The values of the crack growth rate were obtained. Parameters that evaluate the character of irregular loading and crack closure, namely, irregularity factor and crack closure ratio were suggested. When calculating the effective value of the magnitude of the stress intensity factor (SIF) at the crack mouth, it is proposed to consider in addition to the closure coefficient and cracks also measure irregular loading. The fatigue crack growth life was predicted taking into account its “closure” and the nature of loading according to the approach proposed by the authors and the cyclic calculation method (cycle-by-cycle), all the data obtained are tabulated and distributed according to the type of loading. The results obtained showed good convergence of the calculated and experimental data, which confirms the high values of the correlation.
Multifocal Electroretinogram, Central Macula Thickness and Visual Acuity in Diabetic Macular Edema Following Intravitreal Injection of anti-VEGF
Authors: Nusanti Syntia , Sampurna Kirana , Djatikusumo Ari , Yudantha Anggun Rama , Prihartono Joedo
Published: November 2021

Introduction :  Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is one of the major cause of visual acuity deterioration in diabetic patients. The loss of central visual acuity in diabetic patients are mainly due to macula edema, which is found in 29% diabetic patients with the over 20 years duration of disease. The aim of this study is to evaluate and investigate the possible correlation among changes of visual acuity (VA), central macular thickness (CMT) using Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT). Electrophysiological responses using multifocal electroretinography (MfERG) in diabetic macular edema (DME) following intravitreal injection of bevacizumab.

Methods: Single arm clinical trial. Thirty-three eyes of 33 DME patients (16 non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and 17 non-high-risk proliferative diabetic retinopathy), receives intravitreal bevacizumab 1,25mg. All patients underwent complete ophthalmic examination including ETDRS VA testing, Sixty-one scaled hexagon MfERG and SD-OCT scan at baseline, 1-week and 1-month post-injection. Components of the first order kernel (N1, N2 and P1) in central 2o were measured.

Result : MfERG showed reduced P1 amplitude (P<0.05) at 1-week after injection followed by increased P1 amplitude (P>0.05) at 1-month after treatment as compared to the baseline in all subjects. There was 19% improvement CMT and 0.2Logmar VA improvement in 1-month post-injection compared to the baseline (P<005). This study showed no serious ocular adverse effects. There was no significant correlation between changes in visual acuity with changes in CMT or other MfERG parameters.

Conclusion: Intravitreal injection bevacizumab resulting in improved VA, reduction in CMT and mild improvement in the MfERG responses. Although VA changes did not correlate with reduced CMT nor with improved responses of MfERG, the combined use of SD-OCT and MfERG may be used to evaluate macular function in DME patient with worsened visual acuity post anti-VEGF injection.
Relationship of Peripapillary Retinal Perfusion with Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Diabetes Mellitus Patients without Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Dwijayanti Sindi , Irfani Irawati , Sirait Susanti Natalya , Gustianty Elsa , Iskandar Erwin , Kartiwa R. Angga
Published: November 2021

Introduction: Impaired blood flow is an early sign of retinal dysfunction in diabetes. Impaired blood flow of the radial peripapillary capillaries can affect the Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (RNFL) or ganglion cell function.

Methods: This was an analytic cross-sectional study in February-April 2019 at Bandung. The subjects of this study were 41 people (79 eyes) divided into two groups, group A (healthy subjects) 19 people (37 eyes) and group B (DM type 2 without diabetic retinopathy) 22 people (42 eyes). Peripapillary retinal perfusion was assesed using OCT Angiography and RNFL thickness was assesed using OCT. Pearson or Spearman correlation statistics test was used to analyze the result. P value ≤0.05 was consiedered significant.

Results: There was a decrease in peripapillary retinal perfusion density in the inferior quadrant (P = 0.003) and flux index throughout the peripapillary retinal quadrant (P = 0.0001) but an increase in RNFL thickness in the peripapillary temporal quadrant (P = 0.012) compared to control grup. Positive correlation was found between peripapillary retinal perfusion density and RNFL thickness globally (r = 0.480, P = 0.001), superior quadrant (r = 0.436, P = 0.004), and inferior quadrant (r = 0.608, P = 0.000). A positive correlation was also found between the peripapillary flux and RNFL thickness globally (r = 0.517, P = 0.000), superior quadrant (r = 0.630, P = 0.000), and inferior quadrant (r = 0.519, P = 0.000).

Conclusions: There was a relationship between peripapillary retinal perfusion and RNFL thickness in DM patients without diabetic retinopathy.

Keywords: Peripapillary perfusion, RNFL thickness, Diabetes.
OCULAR CHANGES IN PATIENTS ON LONG TREATMENT WITH HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE
Authors: Singh Anuradha , Patyal Sagarika , Vasudev Vivek , Sharma Vijay , Trehan Hemant Singh
Published: November 2021

Introduction: To study the ocular changes in patients on long term treatment with Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ); and detect means for early detection of toxicity.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional observational study at a tertiary care hospital, in which 100 patients, male and female, aged 35 years or more, taking HCQ for 5 years or more were included. Patients with any known ocular or systemic diseases were not included. Indication, dosage, duration and cumulative dose of HCQ intake were recorded. History of ocular symptoms, visual acuity, colour vision, complete ophthalmic examination, visual field using Amsler grid and 10-2 Humphrey’s automated fields (HVF), Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT), colour fundus photography, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and fundus autofluorescence (FAF) were recorded. The data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential analysis.Result: 15% of the study population showed signs of HCQ related ocular toxicity. 17%, 21% and 10% patients had abnormal SD-OCT, HVF and FAF findings respectively.Conclusion: HCQ related ocular toxicity has been found in patients in the absence of symptoms. Objective tests like HVF, SD- OCT and FAF were more useful in early detection of toxicity than subjective tests such as Amsler grid, colour vision and FFA.
Lendo escritoras brasileiras sob o olhar feminista
Authors: Ribeiro Ana Elisa
Published: November 2021

Resenha de Por uma crítica feminista – Leituras transversais de escritoras brasileiras, de Eurídice Figueiredo (Zouk, 2020).