bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A review of the neurotransmitter system associated with cognitive function of the cerebellum in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Chen Xi , Zhang Yuhu
Published: July 2023

The dichotomized brain system is a concept that was generalized from the ‘dual syndrome hypothesis’ to explain the heterogeneity of cognitive impairment, in which anterior and posterior brain systems are independent but partially overlap. The dopaminergic system acts on the anterior brain and is responsible for executive function, working memory, and planning. In contrast, the cholinergic system acts on the posterior brain and is responsible for semantic fluency and visuospatial function. Evidence from dopaminergic/cholinergic imaging or functional neuroimaging has shed significant insight relating to the involvement of the cerebellum in the cognitive process of patients with Parkinson’s disease. Previous research has reported evidence that the cerebellum receives both dopaminergic and cholinergic projections. However, whether these two neurotransmitter systems are associated with cognitive function has yet to be fully elucidated. Furthermore, the precise role of the cerebellum in patients with Parkinson’s disease and cognitive impairment remains unclear. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the cerebellar dopaminergic and cholinergic projections and their relationships with cognition, as reported by previous studies, and investigated the role of the cerebellum in patients with Parkinson’s disease and cognitive impairment, as determined by functional neuroimaging. Our findings will help us to understand the role of the cerebellum in the mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease.
Leukemia cutis – A case of cutaneous manifestation of acute monoblastic leukemia
Authors: Mandal Ankita Pranab , Das Rhituparna , Sengupta Moumita , Chatterjee Uttara
Published: July 2023

Leukemia cutis is a comprehensive terminology for dermal manifestations of any type of leukemia either with accompanied or antecedent blood or bone marrow involvement. Although both myeloid and lymphoid neoplastic leukocytes can infiltrate the skin, the frequency is higher among children with congenital myeloid leukemia. However, the underlying pathogenesis of dermal tropism is not yet established. Clinical manifestation varies regarding appearance, site, and numbers. Skin biopsy is essential for the early establishment of the diagnosis and to guide for further testing and categorical management. We report the case of acute myeloid leukemia-cutis in a 22-year-old female where cutaneous manifestation preceded the hematological diagnosis of systemic leukemia.
Lipid profiles and their relation to glycemic control in Saudi Arabia: The role of altitudes and environmental factor
Authors: Alqahtani Saif Aboud M.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

The height from sea levels, environmental factors, human–environment interactions, and lifestyle significantly influence the lipid profile and glycemic control of a population.

Objective:

This study aims to explore the influence of altitude on lipid profiles and glycemic control among the Saudi population at sea level and high altitude.

Methods:

In this retrospective cross-sectional study, a large dataset of patients of both gender and over 30 years old attending internal medicine clinics from two different regions at different heights from sea level, Jeddah (sea level) and Asir region (high altitudes) and referred to commercial laboratories for glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and lipids profile.

Results:

Compared to the Asir region, the Jeddah region had significantly higher mean values for fasting blood sugar (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) (P < 0.05). Every 1 mg/dL increase in FBG results in a 0.662 mg/dL increase in TG from the Jeddah region. However, it was a 0.318 mg/dL increase in TG from the Asir region. HbA1c demonstrated a significant (P < 0.05) strong positive correlation with TC, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and lipid ratio. FBG levels were also associated with a high level of TC/HDL-C (β = 0.137 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.11–0.21; P < 0.05), LDL-C/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (β = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.31–1.49; P < 0.05), and TG/HDL-C (β = 0.14; 95% CI = 0.12–0.15; P < 0.05) in Jeddah region. However, significantly high blood pressure was observed in the population from high altitudes.

Conclusion:

Our results demonstrated a significant positive correlation between lipid profile and glycemic control with high prevalence at sea level.
The effect of screen use on sleep quality among adolescents in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alshoaibi Yara , Bafil Wejdan , Rahim Maheen
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Insufficient sleep associated with daytime sleepiness is predominant among the pediatric population and upsurges during adolescence. Prolonged screen use is theorized to harmfully disturb sleep through numerous pathways. Though, the connotation between media device use and poor sleep has been inadequately assessed due to the rapid development of these devices which has outdone research abilities.

Aim:

This study aims to assess the effect of screen use on sleep quality among adolescents in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Methods:

An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out using a self-administered online questionnaire targeting all accessible Saudi adolescents in Riyadh. The final questionnaire was uploaded online using social media platforms by distributing at high schools and primary health care centers. The study questionnaire covered adolescent’s personal data, medical history, screen use including the type of used devices, duration of use per day and at bedtime, effect of using devices, and family and friends’ influence on using devices. Sleep quality was assessed using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.

Results:

A total of 324 adolescents fulfilling the inclusion criteria completed the study questionnaire. Adolescents’ ages ranged from 16 to 19 years with a mean age of 17.5 ± 1.1 years old. Exact of 113 (34.9%), the study adolescents used screens for 6–8 hours on a daily basis, 111 (34.3%) use screens for more than 8 hours daily. A total of 154 (47.5%) of the study adolescents were good sleepers while 170 (52.5%) were poor sleepers.

Conclusion:

In conclusion, the study revealed that adolescents in Riyadh had a high frequency rate and duration of screen use which may exceed 6 hours daily with nearly half of them with poor sleep quality, feeling fatigue, daytime sleepiness, and lack of concentration.
Family planning unmet need among women attending primary healthcare clinics in Western Region, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alselmi Adhari
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

The gap between some women’s reproductive intention and their contraceptive behavior clearly poses a challenge to the ongoing family planning program. Unmet need has generated much interest, both among academics and policymakers over the years. This study aims to estimate the prevalence, subgroups, and reasons of unmet need for family planning among married Saudi women in Military Hospitals in Taif city.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was adopted in Taif city, Saudi Arabia. It included a random representative sample of married women in the childbearing age (18–49 years) who attended the Family Medicine center in Prince Mansour military hospital (n = 8 clinics), Family medicine clinics at Al-Hada Armed Forces hospital (n = 3 clinics), and Al-Razi center in Prince Sultan hospital throughout the study period (March–June, 2022), provided that they had at least one child. A self-created validated questionnaire in the Arabic language was used to collect data regarding socio-demographic variables, reproductive history, and contraceptive practice including reasons of either using or never using contraceptive methods.

Results:

Four hundred women participated in the study out of a targeted 431 with a response rate of 92.8%. The age of the participating women varied from 20 to 50 years (34.2 ± 7.5 years). Slightly less than half of the participant married women (48.5%) were contraceptive users. Spacing between children was mentioned by majority of those used/using contraceptives (82%), whereas limiting the number of children was mentioned by 9% of them. The commonest reported method of contraception used by women was oral contraceptive pills (58.3%), followed by intrauterine device (IUD) (41.6%). History of unintended pregnancy was reported by more than one-third of the participants (37%). Regarding contraceptive method used during unintended pregnancy, oral contraceptives (39.2%), safety period (21.6%), and condom (21.6) were the most frequent methods. Unmet contraceptive need prevalence was 49.9%. Unmet contraceptive need was significantly associated with husband’s educational level (P = 0.008), husband’s job (P = 0.011), family income (P = 0.001), age of marriage (<0.001), age of pregnancy (<0.001), number of pregnancy (<0.001), and parity (<0.001).

Conclusion:

The prevalence of unmet need of contraception use among women in Taif city is high. Husband-related factors were significantly associated with unmet contraception use.
Development, standardization, and contextualization of qualitative tools for possible use in the assessment and valuation of snakebite envenomation
Authors: Chauhan Nidhi , Raina Sunil Kumar , Gupta Rahul , Kumar Dinesh , Chauhan Raman , Chaudhary Ankit , Gupta Rajiv Kumar
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Snakebite envenoming, a neglected tropical disease (NTD), is an important public health problem that is responsible for more than 1 lakh deaths annually across the world. However, the majority of the data in this regard is from health institutions and data from community settings are scarce. The aim of the current study was to develop valid and reliable qualitative tools for assessing the burden of snakebites and the health-seeking behavior of the community. The tools developed thus will serve in creating a community connection and thereby strengthen primary care teams engaged in managing snakebites at the primary care level.

Methods:

A four-step design was used; (a) review of the available literature on the burden of disease, tools used to assess the burden, and the guidelines on snakebite (b) development, laying out, and contextualization of questions/items for the tools (c) pilot testing and establishment of validity.

Results:

A focus group discussion guide, key informant interview schedule for health professionals, community leaders, and traditional faith healers were matured for the implementation.

Conclusion:

A reliable and valid qualitative tool was developed to discern the speculations related to snakebites and its management in rural field settings.
Problem of headache: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Zakaria Ossama M. , Alsaleh Majd A.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:

To assess the medical students, interns, general practitioners, and family physicians’ perception of neurological and otolaryngeal causes of headaches.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective, qualitative, questionnaire-based cross-sectional study took place. Five hundred and seventy-one senior medical students, interns, general practitioners (GPs), and family physicians from different geographical regions in Saudi Arabia were involved in the study. An online questionnaire is used to estimate the respondents’ knowledge regarding neurological and otolaryngeal causes of headaches. The obtained data were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 21.

Results:

Five hundred and seventy-one participants were involved in the study. They were 377 females and 194 males with a female-to-male ratio of 1.9:1. Most of them were medical students (69.9%). However, medical interns, general practitioners, and family physicians’ respondents were (17.3%), (7.5%), and (5.3%), respectively. They constituted different geographical regions of Saudi Arabia. An average level of knowledge about headaches was recorded in (55%) of the participants, while (42.7%) had a good level of knowledge about its etiologies.

Conclusions:

A considerable percentage of the current study population has average knowledge about neurological and otolaryngeal factors of headache. It is advocated that the current national medical curriculum be thoroughly reviewed and clear referral pathways must be established to have better management of these cases.
Effects of anticonvulsant drug on liver enzymes among children in a tribal state of India: A longitudinal study
Authors: Minz Pradeep , Oroan Asha , Kujur Anit , Paswan Dilip K. , Nag Alka R.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Epilepsy is a syndrome of various neurological disorders. Idiosyncratic hepatotoxicity is a rare adverse effect associated with antiepileptic drugs (AED) therapy. Antiepileptic drugs may produce hepatic injury as part of a more widespread hypersensitivity reaction. Laboratory monitoring of asymptomatic effects may allow for the early detection of hepatotoxicity. So the present prospective longitudinal study was carried out to determine the effects of Anticonvulsant drug on liver enzymes among Epileptic Children.

Materials Methods:

A prospective observational study was conducted among children with seizure disorder attending Paediatric outdoor patient Department of Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences, Ranchi from February 2014 to October 2015. 50 children with newly diagnosed or untreated seizure disorder were included in case and 50 children of both sexes with same age group as cases were selected as control who did not have seizure. Children with age ranging from 2-10 years were included by consecutive sampling technique. Data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 25(IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Paired t test was used to compare the mean values of liver enzymes amongst the children.”P-value” was considered to be non – significant if found ≥ 0.05 and significant if P-value was found to be <0.05.

Results:

In the present study there was no significant alteration of hepatic profile after treatment with valproate except serum alkaline phosphatase which was increased from the initial value than control group and was statistically significantly with P value of less than 0.05.

Conclusion:

We concluded that these Antiepileptic drugs are safe to use in children up to 1 year.
Comparative assessment of SARS CoV2-associated mortalities in 3 COVID waves and related risk factors: The South Kashmir’s experience
Authors: Gul Shujat , Ali Asifa , Sheikh Nawaz Ahmad , Gul Irfan , Sheikh Tariq Sultan , Prajjwal Priyadarshi
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic have spurted in three major waves in India at different times and had different levels of severity in different waves. The objective of our study was to determine the comparative mortality rate in three COVID-19 waves and determine the factors associated with mortality.

Methods:

We identified a cohort of 1,132 COVID-19 patients who were admitted between April 14, 2020 and February 08, 2022 at our center. All the admitted patients with positive COVID–polymerase chain reaction were included in the study. Sample characteristics were determined by screening age, sex, socio-economic status, occupation, symptomatology of COVID, patient status on admission, baseline investigations, comorbidities, medical history, oxygen dosage needed during admission, the span of hospital stay, diagnosis, and vitals such as blood pressure, pulse, and oxygen saturation. All the data were procured from an institutional database.

Results:

In total, 1,132 patients included in the study, the mean age was 65.08 ± 12.29 and 56% were males. The affliction rate was 42.13% in >60 years, 29.5% in 46-60 years, 20.8% in 31-45 years, and 7.4% in 30 years’ group. In the first, second, and third waves of COVID-19, the mortality rates were 13.21%, 23.53%, and 11.39%, respectively. Among the comorbidities, mortality rates were proportionately higher in those with hypertension (6.7%), and diabetes (5.5%), than those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (3.3%), chronic kidney disease (CKD) (1.5%), heart disease (1.6%), and malignancy (0.2%).

Conclusion:

We identify the peaked mortalities in the second encounter which was predicted by age, comorbidities such as hypertension, and diabetes.
Are we missing the silver lining of COVID-19 pandemic: An analytical study to determine effects of three COVID-19 peaks on antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus isolates
Authors: Goyal Nisha , Saini Vikas , Gangar Seema , Mohapatra Subhashree , Singh Narendra Pal , Saha Rumpa
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Given the evolving nature of COVID-19, for better understanding of its effect on antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), it becomes crucial that we follow the resistance patterns across different surges of COVID-19 cases.

Methods:

This prospective surveillance study extended over two years from January 2020-March 2022 and was conducted in a healthcare center of North India. Susceptibility patterns of Staphylococcus aureus during January-March 2020 were considered as prepandemic patterns. Processing of clinical specimens, identification of S. aureus, and in-vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed in accordance with standard microbiological testing procedures and Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines.

Results:

Lowest prevalence (38.9%) of Methicillinresistant S. aureus was reported during January-March 2021 and July-September 2021. More than 50% S. aureus isolates were susceptible to linezolid, cotrimoxazole, tetracycline, and gentamicin in January-March 2020. In January-March 2021, ≥50% of S. aureus isolates from clinical specimens were additionally susceptible to clindamycin and erythromycin. Antibiotic agents of linezolid, tetracycline, clindamycin, and cotrimoxazole were susceptible in ≥50% of S. aureus isolates in January-March 2022.

Conclusions:

This study reveals a sharp decline in overall resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotic agents for S. aureus isolates after first peak of COVID-19 cases. However, same trend was not observed in subsequent peaks and probably we are approaching the same resistance levels that were seen prior to COVID-19 pandemic.
Prevalence, knowledge, and attitudes toward herbal medicines among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Prince Mansour Military Hospital in Taif
Authors: Alkhaldi Dhelal M. , Alkhammash Sawsan S.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:

Using of herbs is very common among pregnant women to treat the symptoms related to pregnancy as most people believe that herbs are safer than the medical drugs. This study aims to explore the prevalence, knowledge, and attitudes toward herbal medicines among pregnant women attending the antenatal clinics.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was applied at Prince Mansour Military Hospital in Taif city. It included a random sample of Saudi pregnant women who attended the antenatal clinic. Arabic language self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. It included the personal data, herbal medicines use during pregnancy, and pregnant beliefs about use of herbal medicines and conventional medications.

Results:

The study included 222 pregnant women. Their age ranged between 19 and 45 years with a mean of 30.15 and standard deviation of 5.51 years. About 15.3% of the participants never visited the antenatal clinics before while 56.8% of them visited them three times or more. The prevalence of using herbal medicines during pregnancy was 32.9%. The main source for obtaining herbal medicines was herbal shops (53.4%). Herbal medicines were self-used by majority of the pregnant women during pregnancy (82.2%). There was a statistically significant association between frequency of antenatal care visits and using of herbal medicines during pregnancy, P = 0.030. Majority of the women believed that most herbal medicines are natural (86%), most Western medicines are unsafe for them (74.8%) and their babies (75.2%) during pregnancy as well as herbals are beneficial if recommended by doctor (71.2%).

Conclusion:

Herbal medicines use during pregnancy is a common practice among women in Taif city, Saudi Arabia. Less frequent ANC visits was associated with high probability of herbal medicine use during pregnancy. Majority of pregnant women agreed that herbals are beneficial if recommended by doctor.
Tachycardia and fever after packed red cell (PRC) infusion: A case report
Authors: Pathak Swanand S. , Nagpure Shailesh R. , Warbhe Rupesh A. , Kumbhakarna Dattaprasad N.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

A 56-year-old female patient with a body weight of 60 kg was brought to the hospital with hematemesis and received one unit of packed red cells (PRCs) for this condition. After 30 min, the patient experienced tachycardia of 120 beats/min and an increased body temperature of 102°F. The patient had no relevant medical history of allergy or similar episodes in the past. The patient was not suffering from any coagulopathies or sickle cell anaemia, which is a prevalent condition in the region. The patient was receiving the PRC for the first time. After this event, the infusion was stopped and immediately injection meropenem, pantoprazole and ondansetron IV were administered. The patient’s condition normalised after 6 h. No re-challenge was given after the recovery of the patient. Suspected ADR was analysed according to the World Health organization (WHO) causality assessment scale and the causality was “Possible”. Meticulous monitoring and prompt therapy were provided. The patient was discharged after observing for 24 h. The adverse drug reaction was possibly caused due to the PRCs.
Outpatient pediatric cardiology consultations in a tertiary academic hospital
Authors: Alturkestani Razan N , Bahafzalla Rafeef A. , Safhi Maha A. , Hasanain Anhar M. , Bahaidarah Saud A.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:

Cardiac diseases in the pediatric population can be congenital or acquired. If the diagnosis and treatment are early, the chance for survival increases. Thus, this study aimed to determine the indications for pediatric cardiology consultations in a single tertiary hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Materials and Methods:

This study was conducted in 2020–2021 at a tertiary center in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Patients younger than 14 years of age who were referred by outpatient clinics or those who presented to the emergency department and needed outpatient cardiac evaluation were included in this study. Inpatient referrals were excluded. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21 was used for statistical analyses.

Results:

A total of 416 referred patients were included in this study. New patients accounted for 74% of the referrals, while known patients accounted for 26%. The median age was 2.728 years, with 56.3% being male participants. The three most common reasons for referral were: evaluation of cardiac function (21.6%), follow-up evaluation of fetal/neonatal diagnosis (19.5%), and heart murmurs (16.8%).

Conclusion:

Most of the referrals were new patients. Of those who underwent echocardiography, 48.2% had abnormal results. We recommend further studies to help guide the direction of the residents’ education and to provide better patient healthcare services.
Design of Two Fuel Cell Buses for Public Transport According to Two Different Operating Scenarios: Urban and Motorway
Authors: Cubito Claudio , Almondo Andrea , Ruotolo Romualdo
Published: July 2023

The transport sector is one of the major parties responsible for carbon dioxide (CO2) and pollutants emissions in Europe. For this reason, one of the main commitments of the European Commission is its decarbonization by 2035/2040. To achieve this target, during the last decades, different propulsion technologies were developed such as hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), plug-in electric vehicles (PHEVs), and battery electric vehicles (BEV). The first two proposals can be considered as bridging technology between the internal combustion engine (ICE) and the BEV because they offer at the same time comparable performance as conventional powertrains and improved efficiency. However, both technologies are struggling with the tightening of pollutants and CO2 limits. On the other hand, the BEV can offer zero emissions at the tailpipe, but it suffers from limited range capabilities and the lack of fast-charging infrastructures. Within this context, the fuel cell vehicle (FCV) appears as an interesting opportunity because it offers zero tailpipe emissions and equivalent refuelling time of the ICE. This article evaluates through mathematical simulations the performance of two fuel cell electric buses (FCEBs), which are supposed to work respectively in urban and highway driving conditions. The urban bus is equipped with a single fuel cell (FC) module of 85 kW-Net and an electric motor (EM) of 225 kW. The intercity bus is equipped with two FC modules with a total power of 170 kW-Net and two EMs of 225 kW each. A sensitivity to the battery capacity from 20 kWh to 40 kWh was performed for both FECBs. The power split between the FC module and the high-voltage battery was optimized with the Equivalent Consumption Minimization Strategy (ECMS). The two FCEBs were tested considering different portfolios of cycles: in the case of the urban bus in Braunschweig and the Standardized On-Road Test Cycles SORT1 and SORT2 were assumed as a reference, while cycles like the Highway Fuel Economy Test (HWFET), European Transient Cycle (ETC), and cruising at 100 km/h were assumed as reference for the intercity. Simulation results highlighted that the increase of battery capacity in the case of the urban bus from 20 kWh to 30 kWh reduces hydrogen (H2) consumption by 11% along the Braunschweig cycle. On the other hand, in the case of the intercity bus, the fuel consumption is less affected by the increase of capacity in the same range. In this case a reduction of 4.7% is estimated for the HWFET cycle, and it is less than 1% in the case of cruising conditions.
PENGARUH TABLETOP DISASTER SIMULATION (TDS) TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KESIAPSIAGAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM MENGHADAPI BENCANA TSUNAMI
Authors: Suprayitno Guruh , Utami Theresia Febriana Christi Tyas , Swastika I Ketut
Published: July 2023

Kejadian tsunami Indonesia menjadi ancaman tersendiri bagi masyarakat yang harus mempunyai kesiapsiagaan yang baik dilihat dari pengetahuan dan keterampilan dalam menghadapi ancaman tsunami. Diperlukan sebuah formula untuk bisa meningkatkan hal tersebut, salah satunya dengan tabletop disaster simulation terkait tsunami. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh tabletop disaster simulation (TDS) terhadap peningkatkan kesiapsiagaan masyarakat dalam menghadapi bencana tsunami di kampung Holtekamp, Kota Jayapura. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi eksperimental dengan pendekatan two group pre-post test design. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 86 responden dengan teknik sampling purposive sampling. Analisis menggunakan uji wilcoxon dan Mann Whitney dengan tingkat kemaknaan α=0,05 (CI 95%). Hasil uji wilcoxon menunjukkan ada pengaruh metode konvensional maupun tabletop disaster simulation (TDS) terhadap kesiapsiagaan masyarakat menghadapi bencana alam tsunami di kampung Holtekamp (p= 0,000). Berdasarkan nilai rata – rata diketahui bahwa metode tabletop disaster simulation (TDS) (56,01) lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan metode konvensional (30,99). Sedangkan hasil uji Mann Whitney menunjukkan ada perbedaan antara metode konvensional dan TDS (p= 0,000). Kesimpulan simulasi dengan metode tabletop disaster simulation efektif terhadap peningkatan kesiapsiagaan masyarakat dalam menghadapi bencana tsunami di kampung Holtekamp.
بعض الدراسات الجراحية على الفتاقات في الأغنام و الماعز
Authors: اكريم المهدى محمد , حجازي اشرف عبدالحميد
Published: July 2023

تصاب الأغنام و الماعز بانواع عديدة من الفتاقات مثل السي والبطنى و الاربي و التي يعتمد تشخيصها غالبا على الاعراض الاكلينيكية وتاتى أهمية دراستها لما تسببه من خسائر اقتصادية ناجمة عن قلة الإنتاج و التكاثر بالإضافة الى بعض المشاكل الهضمية . في هذا البحث تمت دراسة 23 حالة اكلينيكية من الأغنام  و الماعز المصابة بالفتق منها 17 حالة من الأغنام (9اناث و 8 ذكور ) و 6حالات ماعز ( 5 اناث وذكر واحد ) من سلالات مختلفة .تم في هذه الدراسة تحديد كل من العمر ، تاريخ المرض ، نوع الفتق ، حجم فتحة الفتق ، درجة الالتصاق ومحتويات الفتق .كما ركزت الدراسة على طرق التخدير و العلاج الدوائي والجراحي . وكانت نتائج البحث   كالاتى محتويات الفتق تكون جزء من الثرب يتبعه الأمعاء ثم المنفحة و الكرش و الرحم الحامل .الفتق السري و الصنفي يحدث كثيرا في الحيوانات النى عمرها اقل من عام ولكن الفتق البطنى و الاربي يوجد بكثرة في الحيوانات الكبيرة . الالتصاق بين محتويات الفتق و الجدار الداخلى للفتق موجود في كل الحالات ولكنه يزيد بمرور الوقت على الإصابة وتم دراسة نوع الخيوط الجراحية والخياطات المستخدمة في اغلاق فتحة الفتق . ومن تلك الدراسة خلصنا الى ان : دراسة تاثير نوع الفتق وفترة حدوثه على نوع الخيط المستعمل في العملية الجراحية . دراسة حجم الفتق في نوع الخيط المستعمل .
Vers l’augmentation de la puissance du parc nucléaire
Authors: Dupin Ludovic , Clément Régis , Coadebez Olivier
Published: July 2023

Les travaux visant à exploiter à long terme les réacteurs du parc nucléaire sont aussi l’occasion de s’interroger sur leur augmentation de puissance. Pour cela, il existe deux possibilités : remplacer les équipements de la turbine ou accroître la puissance de la chaudière.
Modeling Dependence in Survival Times using Log-Skew Normal Shared Frailties
Authors: Sidhu Sukhmani , Sharma Suresh K. , Jain Kanchan
Published: July 2023

In survival studies, event times under a common influence are often grouped together in clusters. The association between and within these clusters can be studied using frailty models where randomness in the data or heterogeneity arising due to unknown covariates is described using a frailty variable. In shared frailty models, frailty value is common or shared for all observations within a cluster while it is conditionally independent for different clusters. In this article, we consider a model whose baseline distribution is Weibull and shared frailties follow log skew-normal distribution. This distribution increases flexibility of the model as it allows the frailty term to be positively or negatively skewed and estimation of skewness parameter enables us to comment on dependence structure of the random component. A simulation study is performed and Bayesian estimates of treatment effects, variance and skewness of frailty term are obtained using Metropolis-Hastings algorithm. It is shown that while bias and expected loss for estimates of all parameters reduce as dataset size increases, frailty parameters are more efficiently estimated when the random component is considered to be skewed. The model is also applied to two real-life datasets where positive and negative skewness is observed in the frailty term.
Aspects of the development of hypothyroid cardiomyopathy associated with chronic systemic inflammation
Authors: Horodynska О.Yu. , Muravlova О.V. , Shaienko Z.О. , Dvornyk І.L.
Published: July 2023

Background. Cardiovascular manifestations are rated first among the symptoms of hypothyroidism. Since the highest prevalence of both coronary heart disease (CHD) and hypothyroidism is observed in the age group over 50 years old, the problem of combination of these nosologies in older people is increasing. Aim of the study is to investigate the structural and functional state of the left ventricular myocardium in hypothyroidism and CHD associated with chronic systemic inflammation. Materials and methods. To reach the objectives of the study, a randomized controlled clinical trial has been conducted in parallel groups of patients with hypothyroidism, CHD and combination of both. To form the main group, a screening analysis of 556 medical histories of patients with hypothyroidism and CHD during the period of 2006–2015 has been made, which were selected for further study. Results. It has been found that myocardial hypertrophy develops in all groups of patients, a decrease in thyroid function leads to remodeling of the left ventricular myocardium with the development of eccentric hypertrophy and the progression of systolic heart failure in comorbidity. A direct correlation between reduced ejection fraction and elevated interleukin-8 level has been detected. Evaluation of the state of chronic systemic inflammation revealed a significant increase in the level of interleukin-8 in patients with coronary heart disease associated with hypothyroidism (7.66 ± 2.18 pg/ml; p < 0.05). This indicate that the persistence of pro-inflammatory state in patients with combined pathology is a negative prognostic factor for the development of cardiovascular complications. Conclusion. During echocardioscopy of patients with hypothyroidism, the impaired central hemodynamics can be determined by the indicators of the diastolic and systolic heart function. In patients with isolated hypothyroidism and in combination with coronary heart disease, thickening of the left ventricular myocardial walls is noted, which proves the specificity of changes in the heart geometry that leads to the development of eccentric hypertrophy. This can be considered as the marker of a “hypothyroid” heart whose severity can determine the severity of hypothyroidism. Activation of chronic systemic inflammation is more pronounced in conditions of comorbidity, with a negative prognostic effect on the state of the cardiovascular system.
Emerging Problem Evaluation of Hypocalcemia in Super Vasmol Hair Dye Poisoning Patients: Clinical Study in RIMS, Kadapa
Authors: Babu K. Leela Prasad , Kareemulla Shaik , Ramani M. , Nagamani L. , Abhishek B. , Bai K. Sravanthi
Published: July 2023

Introduction: One of the most frequent method of suicide attempt in India is intentional super vasmol poisoning. If it is untreated, it leads to many complications such as, rhabdomyolysis, angioedema, acute kidney injury, and hypocalcemia. Of all above mentioned; hypocalcemia can cause pathologies of the neuromuscular, cardiovascular, and respiratory systems. Early detection and treatment of the issue can reduce the diseases and fatalities that are related to it.

Aim: This study aims to assess the incidence, clinical manifestations, and management of hypocalcemia in super vasmol poisoning patients.

Methods: A prospective observational study was undertaken on 50 super vasmol poisoning patients for about six months at the government general hospital, RIMS, Kadapa from November 2021 to April 2022. Only subjects who are willing to give their consent were included in the study. All trial participants were observed for the duration of their hospital stay to evaluate hypocalcemia.

Results: Out of the 50 subjects, 22 (44%) were male, 28 (56%) were female, and the majority (40%) were in between the age group of 21 to 30 years. 15 patients (30%) out of the 50 subjects were developed with hypocalcemia, particularly those who consumed more than 50 ml of super vasmol. We observed that 66.5% of subjects received parenteral calcium gluconate while 33.5% subjects received oral calcium carbonate.

Conclusion: Hypocalcemia is a hidden complication of super vasmol poisoning, and there is a need to raise awareness among the among medical professionals about the necessity of routinely checking serum calcium levels as well as public regarding the dangers of super vasmol.

Keywords: Super vasmol, Toxicity, Hypocalcemia, Hospitalization, Counselling.
Potential activity of Stevia rebaudiana Bert. in Inhibiting Cyclooxygenase and Lipooxygenase Enzymes as Anti-inflammatory Candidates: A Molecular Docking Study and ADMET Prediction
Authors: Adelia Meida , Setiawansyah Arif , Sitindaon Rina SE
Published: July 2023

Stevia rebaudiana Bert. is one of the plants that has been traditionally used to treat inflammation. Numerous articles have reported scientific evidence of the anti-inflammatory activity of Stevia rebaudiana Bert. However, research regarding the bioactive contributing to its anti-inflammatory activity has never been discovered. This study was implemented to identify the molecules regulating the anti-inflammatory activity of Stevia rebaudiana Bert. and assess their pharmacokinetics and toxicological profile. The potent phytochemical derived from Stevia rebaudiana Bert. was screened via a molecular docking approach using autodock 4.2 assisted by ADT interface to COX-1, COX-2, and 5-LOX. The ADMET assessment was undertaken via biosig pkCSM web server. Molecular docking results revealed that β-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol exhibited high affinity to COX-1, COX-2, and 5-LOX with free energy of binding value of -11.12, -11.43, and -10.62 kcal/mol for COX-1, -11.45, -11.34, and -11.84 kcal/mol for COX-2, and -5.95, -11.34, and -9.08 kcal/mol for 5-LOX, respectively. The ADMET prediction also indicated those bioactive have an excellent pharmacokinetics and toxicity profile. Therefore, β-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol can be considered to be developed as anti-inflammation agents. However, further research regarding their anti-inflammatory activities including in vitro and in vivo assays is necessary to be implemented. 

Keywords: anti-inflammation, molecular docking, Stevia rebaudiana Bert.
Zmiany w sektorze bankowości spółdzielczej w Europie w latach 2004-2011
Authors: Zuba Maria
Published: July 2023

Sektor bankowości spółdzielczej w Europie zajmuje ważną pozycję w systemie bankowym od wielu lat, choć jego rola w poszczególnych krajach jest zróżnicowana. Pomimo zmniejszenia liczby banków spółdzielczych w latach 2004-2011, liczba ich placówek wzrosła. W ostatnich latach dynamicznie przybyło członków i klientów banków spółdzielczych. Banki spółdzielcze zwiększyły ilość zatrudnionych i posiadanych aktywów. W latach 2004-2011 omawiane banki podwoiły swoje depozyty (do 3,9 bln euro) i udzieliły ponad dwukrotnie wyższych kredytów (o wartości 4,0 bln euro).
Speculation in the Agricultural Commodity Market
Authors: Czech Katarzyna
Published: July 2023

This paper studies the role of speculators in explaining agricultural commodity price movements. The spikes in global agricultural commodity prices in 2007-2008 and 2010‑2011 have opened a debate on the contribution of speculation to recent food price volatility. Most academic literature does not support the idea that speculators drive commodity prices beyond fundamental levels. There are, however, some researchers who do find empirical evidence supporting the idea that the activity of speculators affects commodity prices. This paper concludes that the activity of speculators may temporarily overprice or underprice commodity values. It is assumed, however, that both fundamental and financial factors influence commodity prices. Nevertheless, it is difficult to indicate the extent to which each factor separately affects prices.
Implementation of Task-Based Learning to Improve Learning Outcomes of Islamic Religious Education at State Senior High School
Authors: Ubadah Ubadah
Published: July 2023

This study deals with the application of task-based learning methods to improve Islamic Religious Education learning outcomes on Asmaul Husna material in class X State Senior High School 1 Banawa Selatan Donggala Regency with the problem of how to apply task-based learning methods in improving learning outcomes of Islamic Religious Education in participants class X students at State Senior High School 1 Banawa Selatan, Donggala Regency. The study aimed to determine whether the application of task-based learning methods could improve learning outcomes of Islamic Religious Education in class X students at State Senior High School 1 Banawa Selatan, Donggala Regency. The type of research is classroom action research with a qualitative and quantitative approach. The results showed that the learning outcomes obtained by the students of Class X State Senior High School 1 Banawa Selatan improved well, mastery of the Asmaul Husna material, pronunciation, meaning, and meaning and memorized Asmaul Husna. As for the target of the research, which must achieve the Minimum Completeness Criteria of 70, as much as 80% has been successful, even though all students have completed cycle two or the definitive treatment. The study concludes that task-based learning can improve student learning outcomes in Islamic Religious Education subjects, especially the Asmaul Husna material in class X Science, State Senior High School 1 Banawa Selatan.
The food industry supply chain in the light of COVID-19: the constraint and development of measures to ensure food safety and quality control
Authors: Nanfack D.C.V. , Kaharso V.C. , Hlaing K.S.S. , Phaviphu K. , Sun J. , Ji J. , Sun X.
Published: July 2023

The international borders opening led to goods and people migration with a significant change of consumer behavior, this favored new food-borne diseases uprising and outbreaks worldwide. Recently, the resurgence of COVID-19 has highlighted the limitations of the world-health surveillance measures and caused unprecedented effects on the food supply chain and the food industry. Amid this recent crisis, aroused population and scientific concerns and the demand for food safety and quality control improvement trough-out the food supply chain. To solve this constraint, it is primordial to understand food supply chain contamination stem and develop new, more sensitive, specific effective, and efficient point-of-care detection methods to segregate food items at an early pathogen contamination stage. 3D printing technology positioned itself as the solution because it enables the synergistic action of new molecular detection methods combined with the new 3D printing techniques for the production of high end-point biosensors capable of direct testing of food along the production line and the food supply chain. Because 3D printed biosensors are user and eco-friendly, convenient, fast, and take away the laboratory analysis constraints, 3D printed molecular biosensor devices are the new trend to enhance the food safety screening performances and guarantee food quality. We aimed to present how impactful COVID-19 was in the food industry and food supply chain across the globe and the adaptive measures that have been put in place to ensure consumer were provided with safe food with the usage of biosensors and 3D printed technology.
Fresh Water Exploration in Gunung Tunak, Lombok Island, Using Wenner Electrodes Configuration
Authors: Zuhdi Muhammad , Syamsuddin Syamsuddin , Sukrisna Bakti , Ardianto Teguh , Habiburrohman Agus Wahid
Published: July 2023

Geoelectric is the most popular geophysical method for groundwater exploration. This method is based on measuring the electric current injected into the earth and measuring the potential generated at the surface. This research was carried out at Mount Tunak, on the island of Lombok, using the Wenner electrode configuration. The data is then processed using the Res2div software. The survey was conducted on two lines and obtained two parameters, namely the injection electric current measured at the current electrode and the potential generated at the surface measured through the potential electrode. The measurement results show the rock resistivity values between 0.053 to 194 Ohm-meters. The resistivity of the aquifer rock has a value of 1.67 to 4.25 Ohm-meter, which is a sandy claystone with an aquifer containing fresh water at the depth of about 20 meters below the surface. There is a presence of salty water below the fresh water with resistivity between 0.102-0.657 Ohm-m.
Assessment of Capacity-Building Needs Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Sabir Irfan , Majid Muhammad Bilal , Aslam Muhammad Zia
Published: July 2023

The present research work asses the capacity-building needs and perceived challenges and further opportunities in the school health nutrition program. In this research, demographic factors act as a control variable. The deductive research approach was applied with positivist philosophy. The focal teachers and school health nutrition supervisors were the respondents for this study that was chosen from convenience sampling method. The statistical tests were applied through SPSS software. The reliability of all variables was above 0.8. The response rate was 98 percent. The statistical confirmed that demographic has no impact on variables association. The liner regression models demonstrate that perception and knowledge, workload capacity, facility support service capacity and system, structural role capacity have significant positive effect on the skills and practices of SHNSs and teachers. This research is one of the rare studies in Pakistan which examine a comprehensive model using; perception and knowledge, workload capacity, facility support service capacity and system, structural role capacity as an independent variable and skills and practices of SHNSs and teachers as a dependent variable and test the ecology of human performance theory in Pakistani context.
Sociological Study on Residents' Perception of Special Economic Zone Regarding the Consequent Change in the Area; A Case Study of District Faisalabad
Authors: Javaid Laraib , Kousar Noureen , Anjum Farkhana , Nida Nida , Anwar Maria , Javaid Umbreen
Published: July 2023

CPEC is a hot topic among the entire world and its growth in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan has been fruitful. Special economic zones helped in encouraging foreign and domestic finances, employability, business, and financial stability resulting in infrastructural development; upgraded technology, human capital expansion and fiscal reforms for the host country. This investigation aimed to visualize the socio-economic effect on local people and the way how they perceive the special economic zone beneath the CPEC (China-Pakistan Economic Corridor) initiative. A quantitative research approach was adopted to achieve the goal of this research; to analyze these social and economic levels. The data was acquired through a well-structured interview schedule. The target population was the villagers living near the industrial zone, District Faisalabad. Tehsil Chak Jhumra was selected by using the purposive sampling technique due to the reason for declared Special Economic Zone. The purpose of this investigation was to look at the socio-economic impact of the special economic zone (district Faisalabad) on local people underneath the (China-Pakistan Economic Corridor) CPEC perspective.  This study has filled the aperture and examined the direct socio-economic impact of the special economic zone for local citizens of Pakistan This study has drawn a true picture of the present scenario; to what extent Special Economic Zone has a direct impact on them and their positive or negative thinking over it.