bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chemical and spectroscopic characterization of (Artemisinin/Querctin/ Zinc) novel mixed ligand complex with assessment of its potent high antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 and antioxidant capacity against toxicity induced by acrylamide in male rats
Authors: El-Megharbel Samy M. , Qahl Safa H. , Albogami Bander , Hamza Reham Z.
Published: January 2024

A novel Artemisinin/Quercetin/Zinc (Art/Q/Zn) mixed ligand complex was synthesized, tested for its antiviral activity against coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), and investigated for its effect against toxicity and oxidative stress induced by acrylamide (Acy), which develops upon cooking starchy foods at high temperatures. The synthesized complex was chemically characterized by performing elemental analysis, conductance measurements, FT-IR, UV, magnetic measurements, and XRD. The morphological surface of the complex Art/Q/Zn was investigated using scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (XRD). The in vitro antiviral activity of the complex Art/Q/Zn against SARS-CoV-2 and its in vivo activity against Acy-induced toxicity in hepatic and pulmonary tissues were analyzed. An experimental model was used to evaluate the beneficial effects of the novel Art/Q/Zn novel complex on lung and liver toxicities of Acy. Forty male rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, Acy (500 mg/Kg), Art/Q/Zn (30 mg/kg), and a combination of Acy and Art/Q/Zn. The complex was orally administered for 30 days. Hepatic function and inflammation marker (CRP), tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-6 (IL-6), antioxidant enzyme (CAT, SOD, and GPx), marker of oxidative stress (MDA), and blood pressure levels were investigated. Histological and ultrastructure alterations and caspase-3 variations (immunological marker) were also investigated. FT-IR spectra revealed that Zn (II) is able to chelate through C=O and C-OH (Ring II) which are the carbonyl oxygen atoms of the quercetin ligand and carbonyl oxygen atom C=O of the Art ligand, forming Art/Q/Zn complex with the chemical formula [Zn(Q)(Art)(Cl)(H2O)2]⋅3H2O. The novel complex exhibited a potent anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity even at a low concentration (IC50 = 10.14 µg/ml) and was not cytotoxic to the cellular host (CC50 = 208.5 µg/ml). Art/Q/Zn may inhibit the viral replication and binding to the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) receptor and the main protease inhibitor (MPro), thereby inhibiting the activity of SARS-CoV-2 and this proved by the molecular dynamics simulation. It alleviated Acy hepatic and pulmonary toxicity by improving all biochemical markers. Therefore, it can be concluded that the novel formula Art/Q/Zn complex is an effective antioxidant agent against the oxidative stress series, and it has high inhibitory effect against SARS-CoV-2.
Quercetin alleviates PM2.5-induced chronic lung injury in mice by targeting ferroptosis
Authors: Ding Shibin , Jiang Jinjin , Li Yang
Published: January 2024

Background

PM2.5 is a well-known harmful air pollutant that can lead to acute exacerbation and aggravation of respiratory diseases. Although ferroptosis is involves in the pathological process of pulmonary disease, the potential mechanism of ferroptosis in PM2.5-caused lung inflammation and fibrosis need to be further clarified. Quercetin is a phenolic compound that can inhibit ferroptosis in various diseases. Hence, this study explores the role of ferroptosis in lung injury induced by PM2.5 in order to further elucidate the beneficial effect of quercetin and its underlying mechanism.

Methods

C57BL/6J mice were treated with either saline or PM2.5 by intratracheal instillation 20 times (once every two days). Additionally, PM2.5-treated mice were supplemented with two doses of quercetin. Lung injury, lipid peroxidation, iron content and ferroptosis marker protein expression and the Nrf2 signaling pathway were evaluated. In vitro, cell experiments were applied to verify the mechanisms underlying the links between Nrf2 signaling pathway activation and ferroptosis as well as between ferroptosis and inflammation.

Results

In vivo, PM2.5 increased lung inflammation and caused lung fibrosis and increased lipid peroxidation contents, iron contents and ferroptosis markers in lung tissues; these effects were significantly reversed by quercetin. Additionally, quercetin upregulated the nuclear Nrf2 expression and downregulated Keap1 expression in lung tissues of PM2.5-exposed mice. Quercetin decreased lipid peroxidation products, iron contents and ferroptosis levels and increased the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and the degradation of Keap1 in PM2.5-exposed BEAS-2B cells. Moreover, we found that quercetin and dimethyl fumarate markedly decreased lipid peroxidation production and ferroptosis by activating the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway in PM2.5-exposed cells. Furthermore, quercetin reduced inflammatory cytokines and TGF-β1 in PM2.5-exposed cells.

Conclusion

Our data suggested that Nrf2 is involved in ferroptosis in PM2.5-induced lung injury, and quercetin can alleviate these adverse effects via activating Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway.
Proteomics-based screening of AKR1B1 as a therapeutic target and validation study for sepsis-associated acute kidney injury
Authors: Li Lei , Ling Zaiqin , Wang Xingsheng , Zhang Xinxin , Li Yun , Gao Guangsheng
Published: January 2024

Background

Sepsis and sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) pose significant global health challenges, necessitating the development of innovative therapeutic strategies. Dysregulated protein expression has been implicated in the initiation and progression of sepsis and SA-AKI. Identifying potential protein targets and modulating their expression is crucial for exploring alternative therapies.

Method

We established an SA-AKI rat model using cecum ligation perforation (CLP) and employed differential proteomic techniques to identify protein expression variations in kidney tissues. Aldose reductase (AKR1B1) emerged as a promising target. The SA-AKI rat model received treatment with the aldose reductase inhibitor (ARI), epalrestat. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (CRE) levels, as well as IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels in the serum and kidney tissues, were monitored. Hematoxylin-eosin (H-E) staining and a pathological damage scoring scale assessed renal tissue damage, while protein blotting determined PKC (protein kinase C)/NF-κB pathway protein expression.

Result

Differential proteomics revealed significant downregulation of seven proteins and upregulation of 17 proteins in the SA-AKI rat model renal tissues. AKR1B1 protein expression was notably elevated, confirmed by Western blot. ARI prophylactic administration and ARI treatment groups exhibited reduced renal injury, low BUN and CRE levels and decreased IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels compared to the CLP group. These changes were statistically significant (P < 0.05). AKR1B1, PKC-α, and NF-κB protein expression levels were also lowered in the ARI prophylactic administration and ARI treatment groups compared to the CLP group (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Epalrestat appeared to inhibit the PKC/NF-κB inflammatory pathway by inhibiting AKR1B1, resulting in reduced inflammatory cytokine levels in renal tissues and blood. This mitigated renal tissue injuries and improved the systemic inflammatory response in the severe sepsis rat model. Consequently, AKR1B1 holds promise as a target for treating sepsis-associated acute kidney injuries.
Ante la “CRUZ DEL SUR”: una lectura de Ecuatorial de Vicente Huidobro
Authors: Retamales Viveros Camilo
Published: January 2024

Este trabajo examina la imagen encabezada por el verso “CRUZ DEL SUR”, al final de Ecuatorial de Vicente Huidobro, como eje en torno al cual el poema genera un tipo particular de recepción desde la que se hacen visibles los motivos y procedimientos desplegados en la escritura, a la vez que se constituye en un objeto autónomo producido por relaciones verbales, en correspondencia con la concepción creacionista del poema como un hecho nuevo.
"L"
Authors: Viera Gallo María José
Published: January 2024

Sin resumen
Una zigzagueante fuga en espiral (El making of de "Mala onda")
Authors: Opazo Cristián , Fuguet Alberto
Published: January 2024

Sin resumen
Poemas
Authors: Onell H. Roberto
Published: January 2024

Sin resumen
Poemas
Authors: Rosa Sofía
Published: January 2024

Sin resumen
Francisco Díaz Klaassen. "Mínimas"
Authors: Jara Patricio
Published: January 2024

Sin resumen
LECCIONES APRENDIDAS EN APROPIACIÓN SOCIAL DEL CONOCIMIENTO EN CUIDADORES FAMILIARES DE PERSONAS CON ENFERMEDAD CRÓNICA
Authors: Garcia-Rodríguez Laura Catherin , Guerrero-Gaviria Daniel Arturo , Alzate-Hernández Jeimy Sofia Alzate-Hernández , Torres Sanmiguel Andrés Felipe , Carreño-Moreno Sonia Patricia , Chaparro Diaz Lorena
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCCIÓN: Los cuidadores familiares de personas con enfermedad crónica se ven enfrentados a cambios de orden individual, familiar y social, lo que afecta su calidad de vida y son expuestos a prácticas saludables y no saludables. OBJETIVO: Transferir el conocimiento generado en la línea de adopción de rol del cuidador de la persona con enfermedad crónica. METODOLOGÍA: Estrategia de Apropiación Social del Conocimiento (ASC) con enfoque de investigación participativa basada en la comunidad. Se contemplaron las siguientes fases: revisión y actualización de literatura científica, identificación de actores, diagnóstico situacional; planeación y desarrollo de la estrategia, y seguimiento. En Bogotá y Cajicá (Colombia), con cuidadores familiares de personas con condiciones crónicas. RESULTADOS: Se confirma la necesidad de dinamizar las redes a través de estrategias de ASC. Se realizaron grupos focales en donde se priorizaron 21 temáticas que fueron abordadas conjuntamente entre los cuidadores y los Jóvenes Talento. Aplicación del pre y postest del instrumento Rol en donde se evidenció un aumento en la adopción del rol. CONCLUSIONES: Se evidenció una constante retroalimentación bidireccional entre los Jóvenes Talento y los cuidadores participantes; contribuyendo a la generación de conocimiento teniendo como fundamentos la evidencia científica.
CONOCIMIENTOS SOBRE VIH/SIDA Y DISPOSICIÓN PARA LA REALIZACIÓN DE LA PRUEBA DE VIH EN ADOLESCENTES ESCOLARIZADOS
Authors: Maas Góngora Lucely , Telumbre Terrero Juan Yovani , Castillo Arcos Lubia del Carmen , Téllez Sosa Karla Joseline
Published: January 2024

INTRODUCCIÓN: los adolescentes experimentan varios cambios que pudieran determinar la presencia de conductas de riesgo, uno de los aspectos es la sexualidad responsable principalmente ante la prevención de VIH/SIDA. OBJETIVO: Determinar la relación entre el conocimiento sobre VIH/SIDA y la disposición a realizarse la prueba del VIH en adolescentes escolarizados de Ciudad del Carmen, Campeche, México. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: estudio descriptivo-correlacional llevado a cabo en 241 adolescentes que decidieron participar de manera voluntaria en la investigación, se utilizó la escala de Conocimientos hacia el VIH/SIDA y la Escala de Pros y Contras hacia la prueba de VIH, los datos fueron capturados y analizados en el programa estadístico SPSS V23. RESULTADOS: 18,7% de los adolescentes manifestó una vida sexualmente activa, 1,7% señalo haberse realizado la prueba de VIH anteriormente. Se obtuvieron diferencias significativas (p= <0,05) por sexo, donde los conocimientos hacia el VIH/SIDA y pros hacia la prueba de VIH fueron mayores en las mujeres, además se identificó una relación positiva y significativa de los conocimientos de los adolescentes hacia el VIH/SIDA y los pros hacia la prueba de VIH (rs= 0,213, p= 0,001). CONCLUSIÓN: durante la adolescencia se conciben los conocimientos, pros y contras ante la detección del VIH/SIDA, lo que pudiera ser un punto de partida para una sexualidad responsable este grupo etario.
Evaluation of the uses of treated sawdust as a partial replacement for aggregate in hot mix asphalt
Authors: Lakhder Guesmi Mohamed
Published: January 2024

Undoubtedly, the damage to the upper layer of the road pavement caused by a tremendous load of vehicles and climate factors is an alarming and challenging fact to both government and researchers in the respective field. Thus, and with the aim to come up with a remedy, the potential of sawdust, as a renewable material for replacing aggregate in hot-mix asphalt, was examined. Therefore, a full factorial design of experiment (DOE) was conducted to evaluate the effects of sawdust content (5%, 10%, and 15% of total aggregate volume) on Marshall stability flow values and density. The range of binder from (5.77% to 6.45% means from low level to high level) and the temperature of mixing (140°C to 180°C) and the time of mixing (2 minutes to 4 minutes) as well. Also, to improve its durability, the sawdust was treated with an established emulsion coating. Accordingly, it has been demonstrated in this study that sawdust can be utilized as a partial replacement for (3/8) aggregate. Indeed, the use of this renewable material resulted in an increase in Marshall stability, a decrease in density, and flow values within the accepted range, leading to a positive environmental impact. Additionally, sawdust is considered a waste material, making it cost-effective. Ultimately, the acceptance criterion allows for the replacement of up to 7% of the aggregate for both low and high-level values; however, if more than 7% is replaced, only the highest-level value is considered acceptable. Thus, an economically and technically efficient solution may have been provided by this study.
Seismic analysis of RC building frames with vertical mass and stiffness irregularities using adaptive pushover analysis
Authors: Benaied Brahim , Hemsas Miloud , Benanane Abdelkader , Hentri Mohammed
Published: January 2024

Irregular multistory buildings constitute a large part of modern urban infrastructure due to architectural aesthetics and functional requirements. In contrast, their behavior during recent major earthquakes indicated that severe structural damage was observed due to non-uniform distributions of mass, stiffness and strength either in plan or in elevation. Notably, abrupt changes in these quantities between adjacent stories are always associated with changes in the structural system along the height of the building. The present study investigates the inelastic response of RC buildings with mass and stiffness irregularities subjected to earthquake action. Thus, the displacement-based adaptive pushover method is used. This latter is motivated by the application of a lateral displacement pattern obtained by combining different mode shapes and updated incrementally at each analysis step. For this purpose, a ten-story regular frame structure is chosen and modified by incorporating vertical irregularities in various forms in order to estimate and quantify essential parameters' responses. The results obtained are discussed under the following headings: base shear forces, roof displacement, inter-story drift and story-shear distribution. With respect to the vertical mass and stiffness irregularities, it was noticed that the seismic response is more significantly influenced by stiffness irregularities compared to mass irregularities, which were found to have a slight impact on the seismic behavior of the building. It is also established that the simple procedure allows the evaluation of design forces and displacements in a more rational manner, in accordance with the current state of knowledge and modern trends in building codes. The results conclude, however, that the irregular structure cannot meet the seismic design requirements and must be constructed to minimize seismic effects.
Lingual Artery Pseudoaneurysm after Total Laryngectomy: A Case Report
Authors: Lekshmi Gayathri , Pillai Santhi Thankappan , James Susan
Published: January 2024

Pseudoaneurysm of the lingual artery is an extremely rare condition, and the most common causes are trauma, inflammation, neoplasm, or iatrogenic factors. An aneurysm refers to a weakening of an artery wall that creates a bulge or distention of the artery. Aneurysms of the external carotid artery and its branches are rare, comprising only 2.2% of cervical carotid aneurysms, with an even rarer occurrence of mycotic pseudoaneurysm. The superficial temporal artery and facial artery are the most commonly involved branches. Pseudoaneurysms of the lingual artery are an extremely rare entity and are often a consequence of neck surgery, trauma, inflammation, chemoradiotherapy, or odontogenic infection. They may cause life-threatening bleeding. Hereby, the authors present the case of a 47- year-old male patient with biopsy-proven Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) of the hypopharynx who underwent total laryngectomy with Pectoralis Major Myocutaneous Flap (PMMC) reconstruction. The patient presented with a chief complaint of massive bleeding from the oral cavity three weeks post-procedure. The patient was immediately managed conservatively and started on inotropes. Computed Tomography (CT) angiogram of the neck showed a well-defined rounded enhancing structure in relation to the right lingual artery, with enhancement comparable to a vascular structure suggestive of a pseudoaneurysm. The patient underwent lingual artery embolisation, resulting in complete occlusion of the pseudoaneurysm. It is difficult to diagnose and manage lingual artery pseudoaneurysms, and they can cause severe distress to patients when bleeding occurs. To prevent morbidity and mortality associated with lingual artery aneurysms, they must be diagnosed and treated as early as possible.
Corporate Governance and Financial Distress: A Comprehensive Analysis of Indonesian Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Abrori Safara Rodifah , Hendrawaty Ernie , Hasnawati Sri
Published: January 2024

Aims: This study aims to find empirical evidence and analyze the effect of institutional ownership, managerial ownership, independent commissioner, board of directors, audit committe on financial  distress. In addition, this  research  can also  be  used  as  a  reference  for  further  researchers  as  well  as  a  reference  for  stakeholders (investors, creditors, and the government) in making relevant and reliable decisions.

Study Design:  The  method  used  is  quantitative  research  with  secondary  data  taken  from  the company's financial statements with data collection techniques using purposive sampling.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted on 19 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2010 – 2021.

Methodology: The method used in this research is explanatory with a quantitative approach and the sampling used is purposive sampling. Explanatory analysis is used to explain the relationship between variables Institutional ownership, Managerial Ownership, Independent Commissioners, Board of Directors, Audit Committee.

Results: The results of this study indicate that: (1) Institutional Ownership have a negative effect on Financial Distress. (2) Managerial Ownership have a negative effect on effect on Financial Distress. (3) Independent Commissioners have a negative effect on effect on Financial Distress. (4) Board of Directors has a negative and significant effect on Financial Distress. (5) Audit Committee have no effect on Financial Distress.

Conclusion: Based on the conclusion of the effect of good corporate governance on financial distress, it can be seen that GCG implementation can improve company performance, especially financial performance and reduce the risk of financial distress and in general GCG implementation can increase investor confidence. Conversely, the implementation of low Corporate Governance will reduce investor confidence and can be a factor that prolongs the economic crisis.
Effects of Employee Motivation on Teachers’ Performance in Selected Public Education Schools in Kayonza District, Rwanda
Authors: Javan Semana , Ruth Kamatali
Published: January 2024

The study entitled “Effects of employee motivation on Teachers' performance of 12-Years Basic Education (12- YBE) schools in Kayonza district, a case of five selected 12-YBE schools in Kayonza District (April 2022). This study was guided by three specific objectives: To assess the level of employee motivation practices used by five selected 12-YBE schools in Kayonza District; to determine the level of teachers’ performance of five selected 12-YBE in Kayonza District for the period of the study and to find out the effect of employee motivation practices on teachers' performance of five selected 12-YBE schools in Kayonza District. The study used survey research design by using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics as methods of data analysis. The targeted population was 177 teachers and school management in five selected 12-YBE schools in Kayonza district composed of 148 teachers and 29 school management. Questionnaires, interviews and documentary reviews were used to collect data. The results revealed that there is a significantpositive effect of employee motivation on teacher performance in five selected 12-YBE schools in Kayonza District where the results revealed that an increase of 1 unit in teacher training, career development, teachers' remuneration, working conditions and teachers' promotion would lead to increase of 0.210;0.395; 0.740; 0.155 and 0.124 unit in teacher’s performance in 12-YBE in Kayonza District respectively. The study recommends that the Management of 12-YBE schools should present to the Ministry of education quarterly and annual accountability reports for the funds used for conducting workshops and seminars at schools and at the district.
A Study of the Construction of Smart Healthy Elderly Care City: An Aspect of Foshan City, Guangdong Province
Authors: Li Runfa , Cui Jie , Peng Jing , Yen Tsai-Fa (TF)
Published: January 2024

The smart healthy elderly care city takes the integration of healthy elderly care resources with information technology as its basic feature, and innovates the healthy elderly care service model to accurately serve the elderly. In recent years, all parts of the country have gradually promoted the construction of smart, healthy and elderly care cities, which have achieved good results, but also face many problems. In order to evaluate the current situation of the construction of smart healthy elderly care cities, the author has built a smart healthy elderly care city evaluation index system based on the research results and standards of smart city and healthy elderly care city evaluation index system. The evaluation index system of smart health care city involves five fields, including smart health care infrastructure, smart health care environment, smart health care economy and smart health care services, which can comprehensively and systematically reflect the construction of smart health care city. Taking Foshan City, Guangdong Province as an example, this paper empirically analyzes the current situation and problems of the construction of a smart healthy elderly care city using the data from 2020-2021, and then puts forward high-quality development strategies for the construction of a smart healthy elderly care city in Foshan.
Effects of Different Levels of Gamma Radiation on Growth and Yield Characteristics of Groundnut
Authors: Thenuja M. , Sutharsan S. , Rifnas L. M.
Published: January 2024

One of the key strategy for improving the crops is plant mutation breeding, which generates a large germplasm pool to improve crop characteristics. In this field experiment, the effects of different levels of gamma radiation on the growth and yield characteristics of groundnut were investigated.  "Gamma chamber 1200 Cobalt-60" research irradiator was used to irradiate the groundnut seeds. Two experiments were conducted, with the first exposing the seeds to gamma radiation levels ranging from 0 to 100 Gy, and the second exposing them to levels from 0 to 500 Gy. Irradiated seeds were sown in poly bags and kept under shade. After 2 weeks, seedlings were transplanted in an open field using a Randomized Complete Block Design with five replications. Growth and yield parameters were collected, and statistical analysis was carried out using SAS 9.1 software, with treatment means compared using DMRT at 0.05 level. Results from experiment one showed no significant (P ≥ 0.05) differences among treatments. However, in experiment two, treatments showed significant differences in the measured variables. Seeds exposed to 200 Gy had increased shoot fresh weight (123.3%), root fresh weight (69.8%), number of pods (46%), 100-seed weight (47.7%), and total yield (65.6%). The study recommends 200 Gy as a more suitable level of gamma radiation to create desirable characteristics in groundnut. In conclusion, gamma radiation can be an effective tool for inducing mutations in plants for crop improvement. The findings of this radiation study could contribute to the improvement of new cultivars of groundnut with desirable traits, such as increased yield and improved plant growth.
Genetic Diversity and Path Analysis in Rice Germplasms (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Vimal S. C. , Kumar Avanit , Gupta Rishabh , Gupta Ajeet Kumar , Singh Jay
Published: January 2024

The present study was based on the germplasm evaluation experiment, which involved the evaluation of 45 germplasms/lines including three checks viz. NDR-97, NDR2065 and Saraju-52. The experiment was conducted in Augmented Block Design with three replications. The field experiment was carried out in Kharif season 2022 at the Crop Research Station (CRS), Masodha and lab experiments were conducted in the Seed Testing Laboratory, Seed Technology Section, Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya (U.P.). The path coefficient analysis was worked out by using simple correlation among 13 characters to estimate the direct and indirect effect of different characters on grain yield  per plant. The highest positive total effect (direct + indirect) on grain yield per plant was exhibited by panicle bearing tiller per plant (0.699) followed by germination % (0.360), seed viability (0.227) and vigour index – I (0.209). The highest number of genotypes appeared in the cluster – II (13), followed by cluster – III (8), cluster – IV(6), cluster – V(6), cluster – I(5), cluster – IX(5), cluster – VI(3), cluster – VII(1), and cluster – VIII(1). The maximum intra-cluster distance was observed in case of cluster – IX (64641.91) followed by cluster – V (5584.50), cluster – VI (5363.09), cluster – I (3918.44), cluster – II (3483.30), Cluster – IV (3303.54), Cluster – VII(0.00) and cluster – VII (0.00). The highest cluster mean for days to 50% flowering was recorded for Cluster-I (102.8) followed by Cluster – VII (99), cluster-V (96.66), cluster-VIII (96) cluster IX (96), Cluster III (95.75) cluster IV (95.65) cluster VI (94.67) cluster II (91.51).
Partial Heart Transplant in a Neonate With Irreparable Truncal Valve Dysfunction
Authors: Turek Joseph W. , Kang Lillian , Overbey Douglas M. , Carboni Michael P. , Rajab Taufiek K.
Published: January 2024

Importance

The treatment of neonates with irreparable heart valve dysfunction remains an unsolved problem because there are no heart valve implants that grow. Therefore, neonates with heart valve implants are committed to recurrent implant exchanges until an adult-sized valve can fit.

Objective

To deliver the first heart valve implant that grows.

Design, Setting, and Participants

Case report from a pediatric referral center, with follow-up for more than 1 year. Participants were a recipient neonate with persistent truncus arteriosus and irreparable truncal valve dysfunction and a donor neonate with hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.

Intervention

First-in-human transplant of the part of the heart containing the aortic and pulmonary valves.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Transplanted valve growth and hemodynamic function.

Results

Echocardiography demonstrated adaptive growth and excellent hemodynamic function of the partial heart transplant valves.

Conclusions and Relevance

In this child, partial heart transplant delivered growing heart valve implants with a good outcome at age 1 year. Partial heart transplants may improve the treatment of neonates with irreparable heart valve dysfunction.
Simplified Single‐Step Fabrication of Composite Transparent Ceramics
Authors: Ratzker Barak , Mottye Jonathan , Kalabukhov Sergey , Hayun Shmuel , Frage Nachum
Published: January 2024

Composite transparent ceramics offer various advantages over monolithic parts in many photonic applications. Typically, the formation of multicomponent composites requires elaborate processes that involve multiple steps of green body preparation and densification. This study presents a straightforward single‐step fabrication method for composite transparent ceramics using spark plasma sintering. The method utilizes customized compaction tools that enable specific powder arrangements within the graphite die, resulting in a configured green body that can be directly densified. The versatile yet simple process is demonstrated for various composite designs, primarily comprising Nd3+:YAG and undoped YAG. The high transparency and precision of these composite ceramics render them suitable for prospective optical components such as high‐power lasers and phosphors. Overall, the proposed method applies not only to multicomponent functional ceramics, but potentially any combination of sinterable materials, with similar densification behavior and thermal expansion coefficients.
Angular Engineering Strategy for Enhanced Surface Nonlinear Frequency Conversion in Centrosymmetric Topological Semimetal HfGe0.92Te
Authors: Zhao Qiming , Chen Long , Liang Fei , Wang Shuxian , Wang Gang , Yu Haohai , Zhang Huaijin
Published: January 2024

Surface nonlinear optics are essential for developments in integrated photonics and micro/nano optoelectronics. However, the nonlinear optical conversion efficiency on a surface is restricted by the finite nonlinear susceptibility of matter and the intrinsic atomic‐layered interaction length between light and matter. In this work, based on an angular engineering strategy, it is demonstrated that the centrosymmetric topological semimetal HfGe0.92Te crystal has a giant and anisotropic surface second‐order nonlinear susceptibility up to 5535 ± 308 pm V−1 and exhibits efficient and unprecedented second‐harmonic generation (SHG). The maximum optical conversion efficiency is found to be up to 3.75‰, which is 104 times higher than that obtained from a silicon surface. Because of the linear dispersion over a wide range of energies around the Dirac points, this high conversion efficiency can be maintained with SHG wavelengths ranging from the visible region (779 nm) to the deep‐UV region (257.5 nm). This study can facilitate the development of topological photonics and integrated nonlinear photonics based on topological semimetals.
Ordered Mesoporous Crystalline Frameworks Toward Promising Energy Applications
Authors: Li Jialong , Li Rongyao , Wang Wendi , Lan Kun , Zhao Dongyuan
Published: January 2024

Ordered mesoporous crystalline frameworks (MCFs), which possess both functional frameworks and well‐defined porosity, receive considerable attention because of their unique properties including high surface areas, large pore sizes, tailored porous structures, and compositions. Construction of novel crystalline mesoporous architectures that allows for rich accessible active sites and efficient mass transfer is envisaged to offer ample opportunities for potential energy‐related applications. In this review, the rational synthesis, unique structures, and energy applications of MCFs are the main focus. After summarizing the synthetic approaches, an emphasis is placed on the delicate control of crystallites, mesophases, and nano‐architectures by concluding basic principles and showing representative examples. Afterward, the currently fabricated components of MCFs such as metals, metal oxides, metal sulfides, and metal–organic frameworks are described in sequence. Further, typical applications of MCFs in rechargeable batteries, supercapacitors, electrocatalysis, and photocatalysis are highlighted. This review ends with the possible development and synthetic challenges of MCFs as well as a future prospect for high‐efficiency energy applications, which underscores a pathway for developing advanced materials.
An Optical Artificial Synapse Based on Single‐Crystal Se‐Vacancy Bi2O2Se
Authors: Ren Xuanyu , He Xinxin , Li Xingqi , Li Yang , Gao Feng , Zhang Jia , Hu PingAn
Published: January 2024

The optical synaptic device is a novel nonvolatile memory device that combines optical sensing function with synaptic plasticity to simulate the basic biomimetic behaviors of the human visual system. It shows a great potential application in artificial vision. However, most of the current optical synaptic devices are either structurally special or complex, which are quite difficult to prepare especially for mass production. In this work, a submillimeter single‐crystal Bi2O2Se flake with selenium vacancies (Bi2O2Se‐VSe) grown by physical vapor deposition is presented. Upon the Bi2O2Se‐VSe flake, an optical synaptic device is designed with the persistent photoconductivity (PPC) effect induced by selenium vacancies. The device can simulate the biological synapses with an obvious synaptic plasticity. Moreover, an artificial vision system consisting of a 3 × 4 array of optical synaptic devices has been fabricated. The intensity of the image pattern can keep at a high memory level of 54.64% and 19.31% for 532 and 1060 nm waiting for 400 s after illumination of 100 s, which demonstrates the devices exhibit excellent image sensing, learning, and memory storage. This work opens up a new route for fabricating the optical synaptic device with a simple structure and provides new ideas for studying artificial vision systems.
Judicious Design of Pyridine‐Based Hosts for Stable, Efficient, and Low‐Driving Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Hu Yanmei , Civil Alexander , Li Yufang , Lestanto Gerardus N. Iswara , Tsuchiya Youichi , Chan Chin‐Yiu , Adachi Chihaya
Published: January 2024

Although thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) based organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs) continue to achieve high efficiencies, their device stability still does not necessarily meet industrial standards. To improve device stability, careful design of a stable host material is crucial. Herein, with reference to a common p‐type host material, 3,3′‐di(9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl)‐1,1′‐biphenyl (mCBP), three novel host materials based on a pyridine unit, mCBP‐1N, CzPyPhCz, and CzPyBF, are systematically designed to improve the stabilities efficiently. The green and blue TADF OLEDs are fabricated with these three new hosts. The maximum external quantum efficiencies (EQEmaxs) of green OLEDs are 20.3 % and 14.0% for CzPyBF and mCBP hosts, respectively. Further, high EQEs of 19.2% and 12.9% are maintained even at 1000 cd m−2. Most importantly, the device lifetime of the CzPyBF host can achieve LT95 of 62.7 h, which is 2.5 times longer than that of mCBP. Also, lower turn‐on voltages are achieved by using CzPyPhCz in blue and green devices. With host engineering, the TADF OLEDs are simultaneously improved with lower turn‐on voltages, higher EQEs, and longer device lifetimes.
Biomass Photothermal Hydrogel Based on Tea Leaves Residue for Cogeneration of Clean Water and Electricity
Authors: Jia Tao , Han Feng , Zhang Ruoyu , Zhao Meng , Chen Zhifei , Wang Zening , Li Lei , Qi Shuo , Xi Gaolei , Li Bin
Published: January 2024

Interfacial solar‐driven evaporation has attracted much attention due to its high photothermal conversion efficiency. The core technology of photothermal conversion is photothermal materials, biomass photothermal materials are characterized by low cost, large specific surface area, environmental friendliness, and renewability. Discarded tea leaf residue (TLR) is harmful to the environment and has good recycling potential. In this work, a high‐performance, low‐cost, environmentally friendly solar steam generation material is fabricated by combining polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels and biomass photothermal material TLR. TheTLR hydrogel utilizes solar energy as a renewable energy source for desalination. Under 1.0 kW m−2 simulated solar irradiation, the evaporation rate is 1.35 kg m−2 h−1 and the evaporation efficiency is 93.35%. The waste heat generated during solar water evaporation can be effectively used for synergistic water‐electricity cogeneration, thus achieving an evaporation rate and voltage of 0.91 kg m−2 h−1 and 58.8 mV under 1.0 kW m−2 solar irradiation, respectively. The prepared hydrogel can also be used as a good organic dye adsorbent material, which has a broad application prospect in wastewater treatment. This method for preparing solar absorbers reduces manufacturing costs environmentally friendly and guides the potential practical application using discarded waste.
Association of individual comorbidities with outcomes in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation from unrelated adult donors versus unrelated cord blood: A study on behalf of the Donor/Source and Transplant Complications Working Groups of the Japanese Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy
Authors: Konuma Takaaki , Harada Kaito , Shinohara Akihito , Uchida Naoyuki , Shingai Naoki , Ito Ayumu , Ozawa Yukiyasu , Tanaka Masatsugu , Sawa Masashi , Onizuka Makoto , Katayama Yuta , Hiramoto Nobuhiro , Nakano Nobuaki , Kimura Takafumi , Kanda Yoshinobu , Fukuda Takahiro , Atsuta Yoshiko , Nakasone Hideki , Kanda Junya
Published: January 2024

We retrospectively evaluated the effect of 17 individual comorbidities, defined by the hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT)‐specific comorbidity index, on non‐relapse mortality (NRM) and overall survival (OS) in 9531 patients aged between 16 and 70 years who underwent their first allogeneic HCT from 8/8 and 7/8 allele‐matched unrelated donors (8/8 and 7/8 MUDs) or single‐unit unrelated cord blood (UCB) between 2011 and 2020 using data from a Japanese registry database. In the multivariate analysis, infection (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.62, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.33–1.99 for 8/8 and 7/8 MUDs; adjusted HR, 1.33, 95%CI, 1.12–1.58 for UCB) and moderate/severe hepatic comorbidity (adjusted HR, 1.57, 95%CI, 1.04–2.38 for 8/8 and 7/8 MUDs; adjusted HR, 1.53, 95%CI, 1.09–2.15 for UCB) had a significant impact on NRM in both donor groups. Cardiac comorbidity (adjusted HR, 1.40, 95%CI, 1.08–1.80), mild hepatic comorbidity (adjusted HR, 1.22, 95%CI, 1.01–1.48), rheumatologic comorbidity (adjusted HR, 1.67, 95%CI, 1.11–2.51), renal comorbidity (adjusted HR, 2.44, 95%CI, 1.46–4.09), and severe pulmonary comorbidity (adjusted HR, 1.40, 95%CI, 1.11–1.77) were significantly associated with an increased risk of NRM but only in UCB recipients. Renal comorbidity had the strongest impact on poor OS in both donor groups (adjusted HR, 1.73, 95%CI, 1.10–2.72 for 8/8 and 7/8 MUDs; adjusted HR, 2.24, 95%CI, 1.54–3.24 for UCB). Therefore, unrelated donor selection should be taken into consideration along with the presence of specific comorbidities, such as cardiac, rheumatologic, renal, mild hepatic, and severe pulmonary comorbidities.
A framework for the clinical implementation of optical genome mapping in hematologic malignancies
Authors: Levy Brynn , Kanagal‐Shamanna Rashmi , Sahajpal Nikhil S. , Neveling Kornelia , Rack Katrina , Dewaele Barbara , Olde Weghuis Daniel , Stevens‐Kroef Marian , Puiggros Anna , Mallo Mar , Clifford Benjamin , Mantere Tuomo , Hoischen Alexander , Espinet Blanca , Kolhe Ravindra , Solé Francesc , Raca Gordana , Smith Adam C.
Published: January 2024

Optical Genome Mapping (OGM) is rapidly emerging as an exciting cytogenomic technology both for research and clinical purposes. In the last 2 years alone, multiple studies have demonstrated that OGM not only matches the diagnostic scope of conventional standard of care cytogenomic clinical testing but it also adds significant new information in certain cases. Since OGM consolidates the diagnostic benefits of multiple costly and laborious tests (e.g., karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and chromosomal microarrays) in a single cost‐effective assay, many clinical laboratories have started to consider utilizing OGM. In 2021, an international working group of early adopters of OGM who are experienced with routine clinical cytogenomic testing in patients with hematological neoplasms formed a consortium (International Consortium for OGM in Hematologic Malignancies, henceforth “the Consortium”) to create a consensus framework for implementation of OGM in a clinical setting. The focus of the Consortium is to provide guidance for laboratories implementing OGM in three specific areas: validation, quality control and analysis and interpretation of variants. Since OGM is a complex technology with many variables, we felt that by consolidating our collective experience, we could provide a practical and useful tool for uniform implementation of OGM in hematologic malignancies with the ultimate goal of achieving globally accepted standards.
Newly identified roles for PIEZO1 mechanosensor in controlling normal megakaryocyte development and in primary myelofibrosis
Authors: Abbonante Vittorio , Karkempetzaki Anastasia Iris , Leon Catherine , Krishnan Anandi , Huang Nasi , Di Buduo Christian A. , Cattaneo Daniele , Ward Christina Marie , Matsuura Shinobu , Guinard Ines , Weber Josiane , De Acutis Aurora , Vozzi Giovanni , Iurlo Alessandra , Ravid Katya , Balduini Alessandra
Published: January 2024

Mechanisms through which mature megakaryocytes (Mks) and their progenitors sense the bone marrow extracellular matrix to promote lineage differentiation in health and disease are still partially understood. We found PIEZO1, a mechanosensitive cation channel, to be expressed in mouse and human Mks. Human mutations in PIEZO1 have been described to be associated with blood cell disorders. Yet, a role for PIEZO1 in megakaryopoiesis and proplatelet formation has never been investigated. Here, we show that activation of PIEZO1 increases the number of immature Mks in mice, while the number of mature Mks and Mk ploidy level are reduced. Piezo1/2 knockout mice show an increase in Mk size and platelet count, both at basal state and upon marrow regeneration. Similarly, in human samples, PIEZO1 is expressed during megakaryopoiesis. Its activation reduces Mk size, ploidy, maturation, and proplatelet extension. Resulting effects of PIEZO1 activation on Mks resemble the profile in Primary Myelofibrosis (PMF). Intriguingly, Mks derived from Jak2V617F PMF mice show significantly elevated PIEZO1 expression, compared to wild‐type controls. Accordingly, Mks isolated from bone marrow aspirates of JAK2V617F PMF patients show increased PIEZO1 expression compared to Essential Thrombocythemia. Most importantly, PIEZO1 expression in bone marrow Mks is inversely correlated with patient platelet count. The ploidy, maturation, and proplatelet formation of Mks from JAK2V617F PMF patients are rescued upon PIEZO1 inhibition. Together, our data suggest that PIEZO1 places a brake on Mk maturation and platelet formation in physiology, and its upregulation in PMF Mks might contribute to aggravating some hallmarks of the disease.
Complex karyotype but not other cytogenetic abnormalities is associated with worse posttransplant survival of patients with nucleophosmin 1‐mutated acute myeloid leukemia: A study from the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Acute Leukemia Working Party
Authors: Moukalled Nour , Labopin Myriam , Versluis Jurjen , Socié Gérard , Blaise Didier , Salmenniemi Urpu , Rambaldi Alessandro , Gedde‐Dahl Tobias , Tholouli Eleni , Kröger Nicolaus , Bourhis Jean‐Henri , Von Dem Borne Peter , Daguindau Etienne , Forcade Edouard , Nagler Arnon , Esteve Jordi , Ciceri Fabio , Bazarbachi Ali , Mohty Mohamad
Published: January 2024

In the 2022 European LeukemiaNet classification, patients with nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1)‐mutated acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were classified in the adverse‐risk category in the presence of high‐risk cytogenetics (CG). Nonetheless, the impact of various CG aberrations on posttransplant outcomes remains to be unraveled. This registry study analyzed adult patients with NPM1‐mutated de novo AML who underwent their first allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in the first complete remission from 2005 to 2021. A total of 3275 patients were identified, 2782 had normal karyotype, 493 had chromosomal aberrations including 160 with adverse‐risk CG, 72 patients had complex karyotype (CK), and 66 monosomal karyotype (MK). Overall, 2377 (73%) patients had FLT3‐ITD. On univariate analysis, only FLT3‐ITD, minimal/measurable residual disease (MRD) positivity and CK, but not abnormal CG, affected posttransplant outcomes. On multivariable analysis, CK was associated with lower overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio [HR] 1.72, p = .009). In the subgroup of 493 patients with aberrant CG, the 2‐year leukemia‐free survival (LFS) and OS were around 61% and 68%, respectively. On multivariable analysis for this subgroup, CK and MRD positivity were associated with increased risk of relapse (HR 1.7, p = .025; and 1.99, p = .003 respectively) and worse LFS (HR 1.62, p = .018; and 1.64, p = .011 respectively) while FLT3‐ITD, MK, or other CG abnormalities had no significant effect. Importantly, CK negatively affected OS (HR 1.91, p = .002). In the first complete remission transplant setting, CK was found as the only cytogenetic risk factor for worse outcomes in NPM1‐mutated AML. Nevertheless, even for this subgroup, a significant proportion of patients can achieve long‐term posttransplant survival.
Phase I study of zoledronic acid combined with escalated doses of interleukine‐2 for early in vivo generation of Vγ9Vδ2 T‐cells after haploidentical stem cell transplant with posttransplant cyclophosphamide
Authors: Jullien Maxime , Guillaume Thierry , Le Bourgeois Amandine , Peterlin Pierre , Garnier Alice , Eveillard Marion , Le Bris Yannick , Bouzy Simon , Tessoulin Benoît , Gastinne Thomas , Dubruille Viviane , Touzeau Cyrille , Mahé Béatrice , Blin Nicolas , Lok Anne , Vantyghem Sophie , Sortais Clara , Antier Chloé , Moreau Philippe , Scotet Emmanuel , Béné Marie C. , Chevallier Patrice
Published: January 2024

The presence of donor Vγ9Vδ2 T‐cells after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplant (h‐HSCT) has been associated with improved disease‐free survival. These cells kill tumor cells in a non‐MHC restricted manner, do not induce graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD), and can be generated by stimulation with zoledronic acid (ZA) in combination with interleukin‐2 (IL‐2). This monocentric phase I, open‐label, dose‐escalating study (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03862833) aimed at evaluating the safety and possibility to generate Vγ9Vδ2 T‐cells early after h‐HSCT. It applied a standard 3 + 3 protocol to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of increasing low‐doses of IL‐2 (5 days [d] per week, 4 weeks) in combination with a single dose of ZA, starting both the first Monday after d + 15 posttransplant. Vγ9Vδ2 T‐cell monitoring was performed by multiparameter flow cytometry on blood samples and compared with a control cohort of h‐HSCT recipients. Twenty‐six patients were included between April 2019 and September 2022, 16 of whom being ultimately treated and seven being controls who received h‐HSCT only. At the three dose levels tested, 1, 0, and 1 dose‐limiting toxicities were observed. MTD was not reached. A significantly higher number of Vγ9Vδ2 T‐cells was observed during IL‐2 treatment compared with controls. In conclusion, early in vivo generation of Vγ9Vδ2 T‐cells is feasible after h‐HSCT by using a combination of ZA and repeated IL‐2 infusions. This study paves the way to a future phase 2 study, with the hope to document lesser posttransplant relapse with this particular adaptive immunotherapy.