bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Corpus-based NLP Study on Code-switching in English Majors' CLIL Classrooms
Authors: Zhang Yuhong
Published: June 2024

By applying corpus-based Natural Language Processing (NLP), the study aims to investigate teachers’ deploying of code-switching of L1 and L2 within the overall interactional organization of classroom interaction, and tries to examine teachers’ post-teaching reflections by the follow up interview on their use of code-switching in accomplishing their pedagogical goals of content and language teaching in CLIL classroom contexts. The findings of this research will reveal important implications for L2 learning and teacher education in CLIL. To be conclusive, the objective of researching teachers’ deployment of CS is to uncover how teachers use it as a mediating tool to promote learning. To be specific, the goals of the proposed research can be summarized as following:(1) In theory, the research attempts to dig into the features of CS in the CLIL classroom and the interactional features of CIC. As drawn from the literary, the research will also explore into content and language integrated teaching context from the perspective of CS which is still underpinned especially in China.(2) In practice, reflecting from teachers’ talk, it tries to offer a new perspective for teachers to understand CS deployment, raise their awareness of effective use of CS and better integrate content and language in the CLIL classroom. (3) Methodologically, by using NLP, the research helps gain in-depth insights into teachers’ teaching practices in foreign language classrooms, providing data support and facilitating the improvement of educational strategies to enhance language learning outcomes. It can offer valuable insights for research and practices in the field of foreign language education.
Talent Assessment Multi-criteria Decision Method with Multiple Fuzzy Numbers Based on TOPSIS
Authors: Ma Hongqiang , Huang Jidan
Published: June 2024

In the context of introducing high-level talents, the issue of talent evaluation has always been a challenge for decision-makers. Selecting exceptional candidates from a pool of applicants, based on scientific assessment, has been a perplexing task. This article proposes that talent assessment is a complex process, and suggests using the TOPSIS method to address this challenge. By employing a mixed fuzzy number multi-criteria decision-making approach, a ranking plan for talent selection can be formulated, thereby aiding decision-makers in determining the most suitable candidate based on the optimal solution of the criteria.
Research on Service Quality of Network Freight Transportation Platforms
Authors: Qi Zhipeng
Published: June 2024

With the increasing number of network freight transport platforms, improving service quality is the key to retain customers in the enterprise. In order to improve the service quality of network freight platform, this paper evaluates and analyzes the service quality problems such as redundant platform interface design, lack of personalized service, lack of professionalism of customer service personnel, and threat to information security, which exist in the operation of the current network freight platform, and puts forward countermeasure suggestions such as simplifying the user process and interaction design, introducing machine learning and artificial intelligence technology, setting clear service standards and performance indicators, and adopting a multi-factor authentication system, in order to improve the service quality of network freight platform. It also puts forward countermeasures such as simplifying the user process and interaction design, introducing machine learning and artificial intelligence technology, setting clear service standards and performance indicators, and adopting a multi-factor authentication system, with a view to providing some reference for the improvement of the service quality of network freight transportation platforms.
Self-Rated Physiological Health and Psychological Intervention among Residents during Major Public Health Emergencies
Authors: Tang Min , Tan Qiuyan , Yu Ke
Published: June 2024

In the public health emergencies, young and inexperienced residents often face immense physiological, psychological, and social health pressures in their challenging and demanding efforts. Understanding the impact of such an emergency on the health of residents and implementing proactive psychological interventions can enhance the quality of their training. Using a Self-rated Health Measurement Scale (SRHMS), a pre-intervention measurement was conducted among all residents in our hospital. Based on the analysis of the results, targeted psychological intervention measures were implemented, followed by a post-intervention measurement. During the major public health emergencies, the overall SRHMS scores of the residents in our hospital, as well as the scores of various sub-scales, were higher than those of the general population. There was a significant positive correlation between physiological health, psychological health, and social health (P<0.01). Prior to intervention, third-year residents had lower scores compared to second-year and first-year residents, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Those with a history of epidemic epidemiology had lower scores, with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). Based on the total scores, there were statistically significant differences between high and low score groups (P<0.05). After psychological intervention, there were significant improvements, with scores increasing among low-score groups and residents of different years. The impact of epidemic epidemiology on residents was reduced, leading to increased scores. However, in the dimension of physiological health, there was a decrease in scores for physical condition and organ function sub-scales. During the public health emergencies, the physiological, psychological, and social health of residents were affected to a certain extent. Implementing proactive and targeted psychological interventions can contribute to the overall recovery of their health, allowing them to engage in clinical work during the epidemic in their optimal state.
Traditional Chinese Medicine in Colorectal Cancer Therapy: A Focus on Panax quinquefolium L. through Text Mining and Network Medicine Approaches
Authors: Ren Airong , Liu Mengchen , Huang Mei , Zhang Shixun , Fu Yanli , Shi Wei
Published: June 2024

Background: This study aimed to identify traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) with potential anti-colorectal cancer (CRC) properties and their core active constituents. Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature regarding CRC treatment using TCM was conducted using the PubMed database. A text mining approach was employed to ascertain the correlation between TCM and CRC, highlighting the top ten TCMs. The most significantly correlated TCM underwent network medical analysis. Component data were sourced from the TCMSP and HERB databases, while their targets were identified through public databases. Concurrently, various databases were utilized to pinpoint CRC-associated target genes. Network medicine was then employed to ascertain the network proximity between component targets and CRC genes. Potential targets for both TCMs and CRC were mapped and were subsequently input into the String database to craft a protein-protein interaction (PPI) diagram. Visualization and analysis of the TCM-ingredients-targets and PPI diagrams were performed using Gephi 0.9.2. Lastly, DAVID database was used for GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses of the intersecting targets. Results: Text mining revealed Panax quinquefolium L. displays the most pronounced anti-CRC properties. Notably, key ingredients of Panax quinquefolium L., including Ginsenoside Rb3, Papaverine, Ginsenoside Rg3, and Ginsenoside Rb1, were found to have substantial impacts on cancer and microRNA-cancer signaling pathways. Conclusions: The TCM Panax quinquefolium L. showcases a strong potential in CRC treatment, particularly due to the efficacy of Ginsenoside Rb3 and Ginsenoside Rg3. This study provides a foundational analysis for further exploration into the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of Panax quinquefolium L. in combating CRC.
Ensuring AI Accountability: The Need for Expedited Oversight Frameworks Based On EU
Authors: J Janani
Published: June 2024

The inevitability of artificial intelligence (AI) impacting every facet of our life is already evident in many ways. Nations are contending with the prospects and difficulties that AI offers. India has emerged as a frontrunner among South Asian nations in spearheading the promotion and regulation of AI. Nevertheless, it falls far behind nations like China or the United States. This article examines the AI ecosystem in India, including the risks and problems it encounters, as well as the ethical concerns it must address. Ultimately, it analyses the need for a comprehensive framework based on the EU regulation for a better control and regulation.
Pivotal Significance of Alternative Dispute Resolution Within the Realm of Financial Institutions
Authors: U Dhivya
Published: June 2024

Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) is vital in resolving financial disputes. This research provides comparative analysis of ADR laws, regulations, and case law from the US, UK and India. It underscores ADR's importance in the financial industry, citing benefits like efficiency, cost-effectiveness, confidentiality, relationship preservation, and improved outcomes for institutions. The study reveals that ADR is a valuable global mechanism for resolving financial disputes, with each jurisdiction having unique frameworks and practices. Understanding these legal landscapes and utilizing ADR can aid institutions in navigating complex disputes and promoting effective conflict resolution. The paper primarily focuses on understanding guidelines, reports, and the evolving use of ADR by financial institutions. It also examines if financial disputes differ from other commercial disputes. Overall, the research highlights the significance of dispute resolution in financial institutions and the role of ADR as an alternative approach.
Export-Oriented Eco-Friendly Products of Hereditary Artisans and The Need to Promote Their Craftsmanship
Authors: Gopakumar Krishna Sreddha
Published: June 2024

Artisans both hereditary and traditional are an indispensable part of Indian society and culture. Though they have a lot of talents useful for their development and have huge potential to support the nation's economic development, their talents and the scope of their capabilities are yet to be explored and utilized in their proper way. Though there are a lot of government schemes and initiatives, the benefits of all of them do not reach the poor ignorant artisans, many of them still live in superstitious practices. There have not been many sincere serious efforts to bring them to the forefront till recently. Even if there are programs by various governmental agencies, most of the artisans could not make use of them due to their deficiencies. Therefore, there is a special need to reach out to them and improve their entrepreneurial abilities to tap them for greater growth of the economy and inclusive development of these marginalized groups. To achieve this, this paper suggests a nationwide empirical study to find out the socio-economic and educational realities of these hereditary and traditional artisan communities and based on the findings, necessary correctional measures are to be made urgently. To carry out the above, a separate ministry for artisan affairs is needed.
PREPARING STUDENTS FOR THE FORMATION OF A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE IN SENIOR PUPİLS: ANALYSIS OF EXISTING LITERATURE
Authors: Ramazanova Nigar
Published: June 2024

Forming a healthy lifestyle among schoolchildren is one of the important tasks facing secondary schools. Educational work at school is carried out by subject teachers, public organizations, librarians, class teachers, and deputy directors for upbringing work. From the available literature it is clear that although the authors study the problem of creating a healthy lifestyle, none of them talks about involving students in the work of creating a healthy lifestyle among schoolchildren.
THE EFFECTS OF SCHOOL ADMINISTRATORS' ETHICAL LEADERSHIP BEHAVIORS ON TEACHERS' JOB SATISFACTION
Authors: Soysal Somayyeh , Jafarova Gulustan ,   Azərbaycan Respublikasının Elm və Təhsil Nazirliyi
Published: June 2024

In this research, the effect of school administrators' ethical leadership behaviors on teachers' job satisfaction was examined. The research was carried out with quantitative methods. Findings were collected through survey forms. The sample consists of 799 teachers. Data analyzes were carried out using multiple linear regression test on SPSS program. The study found that the ethical leadership behaviors of school administrators explained a significant part of teachers' job satisfaction. However, it was determined that only the climatic leadership sub-dimension of ethical leadership had a positive and significant effect on teachers' job satisfaction. It was concluded that when the climate leadership behaviors of school administrators increase, teachers' job satisfaction will also increase.
EFFECTS OF TEACHER COACHING SKILLS ON INQUIRY-BASED LEARNING IN SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT
Authors: Ağahüseynova Vüsalə
Published: June 2024

The article argues that developing teacher coaching skills in managing the school environment plays an important role in promoting successful inquiry-based learning in the school environment. This approach encourages students to ask questions, explore topics in depth, and take an active role in their learning, leading to increased engagement and motivation. Students are encouraged to analyze information, make connections, and draw conclusions independently, helping them gain a deeper understanding of concepts. It helps adjust instructional strategies and interventions to meet specific learning needs in the school environment, leading to more personalized instruction. In essence, teacher coaching in inquiry-based learning acts as a catalyst for changing teaching practices and student learning experiences. It enables educators to create an engaging, student-centered environment where inquiry, exploration, and critical thinking thrive, ultimately benefiting the entire school community.
THE TECHNOLOGY OF TEACHING THE GRAPHS OF SOME ELEMENTARY FUNCTIONS IN THE SCHOOL MATHEMATICS COURSE FOR GRADES VII-IX
Authors: Mirzazade Narmin
Published: June 2024

The understanding of functions and the requirements associated with them in the school mathematics course has found sufficient reflection in the curriculum, emphasizing its significant importance. This point is discussed in the article, where some elementary functions and their teaching methodology are explained based on modern teaching technologies. Graphs of certain elementary functions in grades VII-IX are constructed using concrete examples.
NECESSİTY OF HOWARD GARDNER'S THEORY OF "INTELLİGENT İNTELLİGENCE" İN BİOLOGY CLASSES
Authors: Hacıyeva Gülşən , Qədirli Vüsalə
Published: June 2024

Since the goal of education starts with the individual and ends with the individual, the systems have tried to recognize the individual and present different models of education from different angles. Howard Gardner's theory of "Intelligent Intelligence" also applies to individuals. People naturally have different profiles, and each type of intelligence maintains individual differences. People can develop in all areas of intelligence depending on the socio-economic environment in which they grow up, the various events they experience and a number of other such factors. The theory of "intelligent intelligence" advocates the idea that human intelligence does not consist of a single structure. Every person has at least eight areas of intelligence, and all areas of this intelligence can be developed. According to the theory, all children are intelligent, but their potential is in different areas.
QUBA BRANCH OF ADPU: THE COMBINED PLACE OF DEVELOPMENT, ATTENTION AND CARE
Authors: Kamalov Kamal
Published: June 2024

The reforms carried out in the education system of our republic and the use of international experience in this field are bearing fruit. The higher education institutions operating in the regions have a great role in the successes achieved in this direction. The article also talks about the rich experience of one such educational institution – the Guba branch of ADPU, where the main directions of comprehensive activities in the field of international cooperation, starting with the organization of the educational project, are clarified.
THE IMPACT OF TEACHER WELL-BEING ON TEACHING
Authors: Zamanova Nazakat
Published: June 2024

In the article, it is pointed out that rapid changes in the digital world in the 3rd millennium occurred as a manifestation of the information society, regardless of people's wishes. It has been shown that the role of the teacher in the adaptation of the individual and society to rapid changes is undeniable. Taking ownership of the teacher was said in the language of the researchers
FORMATİON OF STUDENTS' COMPETENCİES İN THE FİELD OF REGİONAL STUDİES
Authors: Amirova Gulsabah
Published: June 2024

The training of specialists in regional studies with professional knowledge is one of the urgent issues. The formation of general cultural and professional competencies for successful working life among graduates of the specialty of regional studies is considered one of the main directions of the educational process. The use of various teaching methods contributes to a more effective achievement of goals and objectives, the formation of necessary competencies.
WAYS TO PREVENT BAD HABITS THAT MAY ARISE AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors: Orucova Sahila
Published: June 2024

The reasons for the emergence of harmful habits among schoolchildren can be different. Studies show that the number of harmful habits is quite large. However, there are some of them that (computer addiction, nail biting, inactivity or laziness, smoking, drinking alcohol, using drugs, etc.) can have a strong negative impact on the life and health of schoolchildren. The article discusses the most common harmful habits among schoolchildren, their causes and ways to eliminate them.
Single-cell profiling reveals the intratumor heterogeneity and immunosuppressive microenvironment in cervical adenocarcinoma
Authors: Peng Yang , Yang Jing , Ao Jixing , Li Yilin , Shen Jia , He Xiang , Tang Dihong , Chu Chaonan , Liu Congrong , Weng Liang
Published: June 2024

Cervical adenocarcinoma (ADC) is more aggressive compared to other types of cervical cancer (CC), such as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and tumor heterogeneity are recognized as pivotal factors in cancer progression and therapy. However, the disparities in TIME and heterogeneity between ADC and SCC are poorly understood.We performed single-cell RNA sequencing on 11 samples of ADC tumor tissues, with other 4 SCC samples served as controls. The immunochemistry and multiplexed immunofluorescence were conducted to validate our findings.Compared to SCC, ADC exhibited unique enrichments in several sub-clusters of epithelial cells with elevated stemness and hyper-malignant features, including the Epi_10_CYSTM1 cluster. ADC displayed a highly immunosuppressive environment characterized by the enrichment of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and tumor-promoting neutrophils. The Epi_10_CYSTM1 cluster recruits Tregs via ALCAM-CD6 signaling, while Tregs reciprocally induce stemness in the Epi_10_CYSTM1 cluster through TGFβ signaling. Importantly, our study revealed that the Epi_10_CYSTM1 cluster could serve as a valuable predictor of lymph node metastasis for CC patients.This study highlights the significance of ADC-specific cell clusters in establishing a highly immunosuppressive microenvironment, ultimately contributing to the heightened aggressiveness and poorer prognosis of ADC compared to SCC.
Live imaging of Alu elements reveals non-uniform euchromatin dynamics coupled to transcription
Authors: Chang Yi-Che , Quinodoz Sofia A. , Brangwynne Clifford P.
Published: June 2024

Chromatin structure and dynamics are crucial for eukaryotic nuclear functions. Hi-C and related genomic assays have revealed chromatin conformations, such as A/B compartments, in fixed cells, but the dynamic motion of such structures is not well understood. Moreover, elucidating the relationship between the motion of chromatin and transcriptional activity is hampered by a lack of tools for specifically measuring the mobility of active euchromatin. Here, we introduce a CRISPR-based strategy for live imaging of the gene-rich A compartment by labeling Alu elements — a retrotransposon family enriched within the transcriptionally active A compartment. Surprisingly, within euchromatin, microscopy analysis reveals that Alu-rich regions do not correlate with lower local H2B density, and form irregular foci of a few hundred nanometers in diameter, underscoring the heterogeneity of euchromatin organization. Alu-rich (gene-rich) chromatin is also more mobile than Alu-poor (gene-poor) chromatin, and transcription inhibition by actinomycin D results in decreased chromatin mobility of Alu-rich regions. These observations highlight the complexity of chromatin organization and dynamics and connect them to transcriptional activity on a genome-wide scale.
Governance na Administração Pública. A relevância dos modelos económicos e da gestão privada nas políticas públicas de organização administrativa em Portugal. Contextos e Oportunidades
Authors: Luís Francisco José Silva do Amaral
Published: June 2024

A Governance embora sempre tivesse existido, pelo menos enquanto paradigma clássico de Webber, Taylor, Fayol ou Galbraith, baseada em modelos de organização sociológica e económica transpostos para o serviço público, adquiriu na década de 80 uma outra dimensão ao absorver no domínio público as práticas de gestão do setor privado, à luz duma ideologia neoliberal em que o Estado deve apenas regular e articular em rede, reduzindo ao mínimo a sua intervenção na economia. Surge o New Public Management e o New Public Service, evidenciando ambos sincretismos vários, desde a externalização, à cedência, ao licenciamento ou à realização de Parcerias público-privadas. Em Portugal, com a entrada na CEE em 1986 e por exemplo através do seu estatuto de membro da OCDE, foi-se bebendo dessas influências, á medida que o legislador atuava em conformidade. Entre 1990 e o momento atual Portugal modificou largamente o modo de abordar e aplicar a governance na administração pública. Veremos como o PREMAC, o PRACE, os vários SIMPLEX ou a RAFE estruturaram na prática uma nova forma de governance da Administração Pública portuguesa.
Sürdürülebilirlik ve Sürdürülebilir Eğitim Programına İlişkin Öğrenci Algıları
Authors: Yalçın Kadriye , Köybaşı Şemin Fatma
Published: June 2024

Sürdürülebilirlik ve sürdürülebilir eğitim konulu bu araştırmanın amacı ortaöğretim öğrencilerine yönelik sürdürülebilir eğitimin boyutlarını içeren bir program hazırlamak ve bu programın etkililiğini tespit etmektir. Araştırmada geliştirilen programın sürdürülebilir eğitime yönelik ve sürdürülebilir eğitimin alt boyutlarını içeren çeşitli içerikler (fotoğraf, resim, karikatür, şiir, kısa film ve animasyonlar) ile etkililiğini belirlemek ve bu programın katılımcılarda hangi duygu ve düşünceleri uyandırdığını tespit ederek, katılımcıların görüşlerini ortaya koymak hedeflenmiştir. Araştırma nitel durum çalışmasıdır. Araştırma çerçevesinde sürdürülebilir eğitime yönelik olarak uzman görüşleriyle sürdürülebilir eğitimin her boyutu için bir program hazırlanmıştır. Güvenli ve sağlıklı veriler toplayabilmek amacıyla üniversite sınav stresinden uzak olmaları, uygulamalar için zamanlarının uygun olması, ders yüklerinin müsait olması gibi nedenlerle ve okul yöneticilerinin görüşleri doğrultusunda 9. sınıf öğrencilerinden oluşan çalışma grubunu belirlemek amacıyla “Amaçlı (Amaçsal) Örnekleme” türlerinden “Ölçüt Örnekleme” yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Bu yöntemle belirlenen otuz 9. sınıf öğrencisine hazırlanan program uygulanmıştır. Aynı çalışma grubu olan öğrencilerin görüşlerini belirlemek amacıyla uygulanan etkinliklere ilişkin algılar ve program hakkındaki değerlendirmelere ilişkin veriler toplanmış ve analiz edilmiştir. Geliştirilen programın öğrencilerin algılarına göre değerlendirilmesi için yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile toplanan veriler içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda katılımcıların mevcut eğitimin sürdürülemez olan özelliklerini eleştirdikleri, çevre bilinci içinde cevaplar verdikleri, adaletli ve eşit bir toplum düzeni istedikleri, eleştirel düşünerek değerlendirme yaptıkları ve yorumladıkları, yeni ve alışılandan farklı bir şekilde yaratıcı düşünebildikleri, analiz yapabildikleri görülmüştür. Bu durum geliştirilen ve uygulanan programının ilgili konularda öğrencilerde bir duyarlılık ve farkındalık oluşturduğu şeklinde yorumlanabilir.
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE COMPETÊNCIA CIENTÍFICA: UM ESTUDO PRELIMINAR DAS IDEIAS-CHAVE PARA A FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DE CIÊNCIAS
Authors: Polido Pires Margareth , Maciel Maria Delourdes
Published: June 2024

Este trabalho faz parte de uma tese de doutorado em andamento que visa estabelecer conexões entre as competências científicas fundamentais para a formação docente, as competências específicas para o ensino das Ciências da Natureza conforme a Base Nacional Comum Curricular de 2018, e os princípios da Educação em Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS). Nosso foco está na análise do livro "11 Ideas Clave – El Desarrollo de la Competencia Científica" (Pedrinaci et al., 2012), com o intuito de criar um primeiro mapa de referência para correlacionar esses elementos. Utilizando a análise de conteúdo de Bardin (2020), examinamos a obra em busca de categorias que sustentem nossas correlações pretendidas. Os autores propõem uma reflexão sobre o ensino de ciências da natureza por competências, abordando 11 ideias-chave relacionadas ao tema. Ao final, apresentamos as 6 categorias obtidas, oferecendo uma estrutura de referência para futuras pesquisas e práticas educacionais em Ciências da Natureza.
Analysis of Critical Thinking Aspects in the Implementation of Blended Learning Model Based on Electric Material Project
Authors: Altim Muhammad Zainal , Syahrul  , Syafar Faisal
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the aspects of critical thinking in implementing a blended learning-based project model in improving learning outcomes by utilizing digital applications and platforms. The research subjects were 20 students who were interviewed and filled out a questionnaire. Based on the hypothesis, it is revealed that there is a positive impact of critical thinking aspects on learning outcomes. These aspects include interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, explanation, and self-regulation. Data were collected through observation, interviews and documentation. This type of research is development research (R&D) with the concept of Thiagarajan 4D theory (Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative analysis. With the findings: the results of statistical analysis for the critical thinking aspects studied, all aspects influence on student learning outcomes. Based on the six aspects, the highest influence is the interpretation aspect of 82% on student learning outcomes.
Effect of Tillage Practices and Fertility Levels on Growth, Yield Attributes and Yield of Wheat in Rice- Wheat Cropping System
Authors: Yadav Rohit , Yadav R.A. , Siddiqui M.Z. , Kumar Sanjeev , Yadav Mohit , Yadav Mahendra , Sachan Ravindra
Published: June 2024

This study was conducted at Agronomy Research Farm, CSAUAT, during rabi 2021-22 and 2022-23. The experiment was laid out into Split plot design with3 replication. Two levels of tillage viz. (1) Conventional tillage Two ploughing followed by sowing), (2) Reduce tillage (one ploughing followed by sowing were randomly allotted to main plot while ten 10 fertility levels. Basis on the pooled data the results of the study revealed that in case of tillage practices among the growth parameters; maximum plant height at 30, 60, 90 DAT and at harvest is 26.25, 46.26, 87.43, and 92.38 cm respectively, number of leaves plant-1 at 30, 60, 90 DAT and at harvest is 5.47, 16.51, 19.34 and 20.18 respectively, leaf area index at 30, 60, 90 DAT and at harvest is 0.553, 3.13, 4.48 and 5.05 respectively, relative growth rate at 30, 60, 90 DAT is 24.33, 14.48 and 3.82 g day-1 respectively, among the yield attributing characters maximum ear length (11.07 cm) , number of grain ear-1 (41.08), grain weight ear-1 (1.54 g) and 1000 grain weight (36.93 g) and among the productivity parameters; maximum grain yield (51.31 q ha-1), straw yield (67.21 q ha-1), biological yield (118.52 q ha-1) and harvest index (43.22 %) were recorded under the conventional tillage. Similarly in case of fertility levels growth parameters, yield attributing characters and productivity parameters were associated with 125 % RDF + chloromequate chloride.
A Comprehensive Analysis of Chemical Applications for the Production of Brinjal Crop
Authors: Mohanraj M  , Mondal Tapan Kumar , Manju Prem S  , Manobharathi K  , Sathish Kumar K
Published: June 2024

Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.), commonly known as eggplant, is a crucial vegetable crop cultivated extensively in tropical and subtropical regions. Chemical applications in brinjal cultivation, encompassing fertilizers, pesticides, and growth regulators, play a significant role in enhancing yield and quality. This comprehensive analysis reviews the latest advancements and methodologies in the chemical management of brinjal crops. It discusses the optimized use of synthetic and organic fertilizers for nutrient management, the strategic application of pesticides for pest and disease control, and the use of plant growth regulators to improve crop growth and productivity. Recent studies emphasize the importance of integrated pest management (IPM) practices to minimize chemical residues and environmental impact. In the Puducherry district, data was collected from five brinjal-growing villages out of sixty-two, utilizing a combination of closed-ended questionnaires for independent variables and open-ended questionnaires for dependent variables. In-person interviews were conducted to gather comprehensive data, which was then evaluated using a range of appropriate and standardized statistical tools. The study identified three dependent variables and fifteen independent factors, focusing on the evaluation of chemicals used in brinjal production, methods for handling these chemicals, and their effects on human health.
The Relationship Between Body Weight and Growth Hormone Gene Polymorphism in Indigenous Turkeys of Nigeria
Authors: Oso Mercy O. , Akinyemi Mabel O. , Osaiyuwu Osamede H. , Morenikeji Olarenwaju B. , Fijabi Oluwatobi E. , Adeosun Michael O. , Shobanke Ibilola A. , Ewuola Kayode M. , Koledafe Temidayo E. , Oso Oluwaseyi E. , Nwokorie Geofrey I.
Published: June 2024

The candidate gene approach is a valuable tool for improving breeding programs, particularly in poultry, by identifying traits for enhanced production performance. This study investigates the growth hormone (GH) gene as a potential determinant of body weight in Nigerian indigenous turkeys. DNA was extracted from 60 twelve-week-old turkeys using blood samples, and a 466bp DNA fragment was amplified via PCR with primers designed from chicken sequences. The PCR product underwent Msp1 restriction enzyme digestion and was visualized on a 1.5% agarose gel. Genotypes associated with body weight were assessed using a General Linear Model. The GH/Msp1 locus revealed Two alleles (A and G) and three genotypes (AA, AG, and GG), with allele G being predominant. Genotype AG had the highest frequency (0.55), followed by AA (0.42), and GG had the lowest frequency (0.03). However, the least square means analysis showed that the polymorphism in the GH gene of the studied population was not significantly associated with body weight (p> 0.05). Nonetheless, the polymorphic nature of the GH gene in Nigerian turkeys suggests potential for further exploration in quantitative traits.
Comprehensive Review of Interpolation Techniques Using B-Spline
Authors: Khlefha Ahmed R
Published: June 2024

B-spline interpolation is a technique of great importance in numerical analysis and computer graphics because it has high flexibility in solution and ease of estimating variables that do not exist within a range of known data points. This paper provides a good review of B-linear interpolation, covering its mathematical basis, types, applications, advantage, and challenges it faces. This paper also aims to review and broadly understand how to create B-spline interpolation, its practical use, and its importance in various scientific fields.
Communication of Urgent Public Health Messages to Urban Populations: Lessons From the Massachusetts Water Main Break
Authors: Wang C. Jason , Little Alison A. , Holliman Jaime Bruce , Ng Chun Y. , Barrero-Castillero Alejandra , Fu Chong Min , Zuckerman Barry , Bauchner Howard
Published: October 2011

Objective: To study when and how an urgent public health message about a boil-water order reached an urban population after the Massachusetts water main break.

Methods: In-person surveys were conducted in waiting areas of clinics and emergency departments at a large urban safety net hospital within 1 week of the event.

Results: Of 533 respondents, 97% were aware of the order; 34% of those who lived in affected cities or towns were potentially exposed to contaminated water. Among those who were aware, 98% took action. Respondents first received the message through word of mouth (33%), television (25%), cellular telephone calls (20%), landline calls (10%), and other modes of communication (12%). In multivariate analyses, foreign-born respondents and those who lived outside the city of Boston had a higher risk of exposure to contaminated water. New modes (eg, cellular telephones) were used more commonly by females and younger individuals (ages 18 to 34). Individuals who did not speak English at home were more likely to receive the message through their personal networks.

Conclusions: Given the increasing prevalence of cellular telephone use, public officials should encourage residents to register landline and cellular telephone for emergency alerts and must develop creative ways to reach immigrants and non–English-speaking groups quickly via personal networks.

(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2011;5:235–241)
Structure and Mechanical Performance of a “Modern” Fish Scale
Authors: Zhu Deju , Ortega Cesar Fuentes , Motamedi Ramak , Szewciw Lawrence , Vernerey Franck , Barthelat Francois
Published: October 2011

Protective materials and structures found in natural organisms may inspire new armors with improved resistance to penetration, flexibility, light weight, and other interesting properties such as transparency and breathability. All these attributes can be found in teleost fish scales, which are the most common types of scales in modern fish species. In this work, we have studied the structure and mechanics of fish scales from striped bass (Morone saxatilis). This scale is about 200–300 µm thick and consists of a hard outer bony layer supported by a softer cross‐ply of collagen fibrils. Perforation tests with a sharp needle indicated that a single fish scale provides a high resistance to penetration which is superior to polystyrene and polycarbonate, two engineering polymers that are typically used for light transparent packaging or protective equipment. Under puncture, the scale undergoes a sequence of two distinct failure events: First, the outer bony layer cracks following a well defined cross‐like pattern which generates four “flaps” of bony material. The deflection of the flaps by the needle is resisted by the collagen layer, which in biaxial tension acts as a retaining membrane. Remarkably this second stage of the penetration process is highly stable, so that an additional 50% penetration force is required to eventually puncture the collagen layer. The combination of a hard layer that can fail in a controlled fashion with a soft and extensible backing layer is the key to the resistance to penetration of individual scales.
Low‐Power‐Photon Up‐Conversion in Dual‐Dye‐Loaded Polymer Nanoparticles
Authors: Monguzzi Angelo , Frigoli Michel , Larpent Chantal , Tubino Riccardo , Meinardi Francesco
Published: October 2011

Sensitized triplet–triplet annihilation in multicomponent organic systems is already demonstrated to be suitable for obtaining efficient up‐conversion in solution with excitation power densities comparable to solar irradiance, but loses efficiency in the solid state. Here, it is demonstrated that it is possible to reduce this limitation by incorporating a standard bicomponent system in polymer nanoparticles. The confinement of all of the involved photophysical processes in a nanometer‐scale volume makes each nanoparticle a single and isolated high‐efficiency up‐converting unit. As a consequence, these dual‐dye‐loaded nanoparticles can be used to produce drop‐cast films, as well as dopants for polymeric matrices, preserving the performances of the starting moieties in solution.
Two‐Dimensional Dielectric Nanosheets: Novel Nanoelectronics From Nanocrystal Building Blocks
Authors: Osada Minoru , Sasaki Takayoshi
Published: October 2011

Two‐dimensional (2D) nanosheets, which possess atomic or molecular thickness and infinite planar lengths, are regarded as the thinnest functional nanomaterials. The recent development of methods for manipulating graphene (carbon nanosheet) has provided new possibilities and applications for 2D systems; many amazing functionalities such as high electron mobility and quantum Hall effects have been discovered. However, graphene is a conductor, and electronic technology also requires insulators, which are essential for many devices such as memories, capacitors, and gate dielectrics. Along with graphene, inorganic nanosheets have thus increasingly attracted fundamental research interest because they have the potential to be used as dielectric alternatives in next‐generation nanoelectronics. Here, we review the progress made in the properties of dielectric nanosheets, highlighting emerging functionalities in electronic applications. We also present a perspective on the advantages offered by this class of materials for future nanoelectronics.
Response‐adjusted ISS (RaISS) is a simple and reliable prognostic scoring system for predicting progression‐free survival in transplanted patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: Corso Alessandro , Galli Monica , Mangiacavalli Silvia , Rossini Fausto , Nozza Andrea , Pascutto Cristiana , Montefusco Vittorio , Baldini Luca , Cafro Anna Maria , Crippa Claudia , Cazzola Mario , Corradini Paolo
Published: October 2011

Complete response (CR) is associated with better outcome in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) treated with autologous transplant even though the progression‐free survival (PFS) can be very variable among patients with good response. No simple and reliable prognostic scoring system, able to predict the duration of response, are so far available. Aim of this study was to identify any correlation between baseline clinical findings, response after transplant and the length of PFS, and thus develop a prognostic model. The new prognostic model was developed in a learning cohort of 549 patients with MM transplanted in five Italian hospitals. The prognostic value of this new score was confirmed in a validation cohort of 276 distinct patients with MM transplanted in two different Italian hospital. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using Cox models. The most important independent baseline predictor of transplant outcome, together with response after transplant, was International Staging System (ISS). We thus incorporated response to transplant and baseline ISS in a new scoring system, named response‐adjusted international scoring system (RaISS), that was able to classify patients in three risk groups (low, intermediate, high) with different probabilities of progression after transplant (median PFS 35.9–15.4 months). The prognostic value of this new score was confirmed in the validation cohort. In conclusion, RaISS is a new simple and easily available scoring system that, accurately defining the risk of progression, can allow to identify patients who could deserve further treatment after transplant (consolidation, maintenance). Am. J. Hematol. 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
New recessive syndrome of microcephaly, cerebellar hypoplasia, and congenital heart conduction defect
Authors: Zaki Maha S. , Salam Ghada M. H. Abdel , Saleem Sahar N. , Dobyns William B. , Issa Mahmoud Y. , Sattar Shifteh , Gleeson Joseph G.
Published: October 2011

We identified a two‐branch consanguineous family in which four affected members (three females and one male) presented with constitutive growth delay, severe psychomotor retardation, microcephaly, cerebellar hypoplasia, and second‐degree heart block. They also shared distinct facial features and similar appearance of their hands and feet. Childhood‐onset insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus developed in one affected child around the age of 9 years. Molecular analysis excluded mutations in potentially related genes such as PTF1A, EIF2AK3, EOMES, and WDR62. This condition appears to be unique of other known conditions, suggesting a unique clinical entity of autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ablepharon–Macrostomia syndrome—Extension of the phenotype
Authors: Kallish Staci , McDonald‐McGinn Donna M. , van Haelst Mieke M. , Bartlett Scott P. , Katowitz James A. , Zackai Elaine H.
Published: October 2011

Ablepharon–Macrostomia syndrome (AMS) is a rare collection of findings characterized by absent or hypoplastic eyelids, fusion defects of the mouth with unfused lateral commissures, abnormal ears, ambiguous genitalia, skin differences including dry and coarse skin or redundant folds of skin, and developmental delay. Fewer than 20 patients have been reported to date. These include a parent and two children and a recent report of a father and daughter, therefore suggesting autosomal dominant inheritance. Here we present one additional sporadic case with an expanded phenotype. This patient has more significant hand and foot anomalies than previously reported. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Novel GDI1 mutation in a large family with nonsyndromic X‐linked intellectual disability
Authors: Strobl‐Wildemann Gertrud , Kalscheuer Vera M. , Hu Hao , Wrogemann Klaus , Ropers Hans‐Hilger , Tzschach Andreas
Published: October 2011

X‐linked intellectual disability (XLID) is a heterogeneous disorder, and mutations in more than 90 genes have been associated with XLID to date. We report on a large multi‐generational German family in which the affected male family members had nonsyndromic intellectual disability, that is, they had neither abnormal body measurements nor any other significant clinical problems. Molecular genetic analysis revealed a frameshift mutation in GDI1 (c.1185_1186delAG; Ser396ProfsX15) that co‐segregated with the disease. GDI1 encodes for the GDP‐dissociation inhibitor alpha (αGDI), a protein involved in the regulation of the activity of Rab GTPases. Only three families with GDI1 mutations have been reported so far. The present family supports the lack of additional phenotypic features in patients with GDI1 mutations, rendering a clinical diagnosis of GDI1‐associated XLID impossible. Thus, this family not only broadens the spectrum of GDI1 mutations but also emphasizes the need for parallel testing of all known genes associated with ID in patients with an unspecific phenotype. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Conjoined twins: A worldwide collaborative epidemiological study of the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research
Authors: Mutchinick Osvaldo M. , Luna‐Muñoz Leonora , Amar Emmanuelle , Bakker Marian K. , Clementi Maurizio , Cocchi Guido , da Graça Dutra Maria , Feldkamp Marcia L. , Landau Danielle , Leoncini Emanuele , Li Zhu , Lowry Brian , Marengo Lisa K. , Martínez‐Frías María‐Luisa , Mastroiacovo Pierpaolo , Métneki Julia , Morgan Margery , Pierini Anna , Rissman Anke , Ritvanen Annukka , Scarano Gioacchino , Siffel Csaba , Szabova Elena , Arteaga‐Vázquez Jazmín
Published: October 2011

Conjoined twins (CT) are a very rare developmental accident of uncertain etiology. Prevalence has been previously estimated to be 1 in 50,000 to 1 in 100,000 births. The process by which monozygotic twins do not fully separate but form CT is not well understood. The purpose of the present study was to analyze diverse epidemiological aspects of CT, including the different variables listed in the Introduction Section of this issue of the Journal. The study was made possible using the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research (ICBDSR) structure. This multicenter worldwide research includes the largest sample of CT ever studied. A total of 383 carefully reviewed sets of CT obtained from 26,138,837 births reported by 21 Clearinghouse Surveillance Programs (SP) were included in the analysis. Total prevalence was 1.47 per 100,000 births (95% CI: 1.32–1.62). Salient findings including an evident variation in prevalence among SPs: a marked variation in the type of pregnancy outcome, a similarity in the proportion of CT types among programs: a significant female predominance in CT: particularly of the thoracopagus type and a significant male predominance in parapagus and parasitic types: significant differences in prevalence by ethnicity and an apparent increasing prevalence trend in South American countries. No genetic, environmental or demographic significant associated factors were identified. Further work in epidemiology and molecular research is necessary to understand the etiology and pathogenesis involved in the development of this fascinating phenomenon of nature. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis, characterization, and properties of long‐chain branched poly(butylene succinate)
Authors: Wang Guoli , Guo Baohua , Li Rui
Published: October 2011

Long‐chain branched poly(butylene succinate) were synthesized through a two‐step process of esterification and polycondensation, using 1,2,4‐butanetriol (1,2,4‐BT) as a long‐chain branching agent. The effect of long‐chain branches on the crystallization behaviors, rheological properties, and tensile properties was investigated systematically. The results of differential scanning calorimetry and polarized optical microscopy showed that with the increasing of 1,2,4‐BT segments, the crystallization temperatures and glass transition temperatures increase slightly, while the relative crystallinity degree decreases gradually. Also, the double‐banded extinction patterns with periodic distance along the radial direction were observed in the spherulites of long‐chain branched poly(butylene succinate), similar to that of linear poly(butylene succinate) (PBS). The result of wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction indicated that the incorporation of 1,2,4‐BT segments had little effect on the crystal structure of PBS. However, based on data from rheology and tensile testing, the viscoelastic properties of long‐chain branched PBS under shear flow were different from the linear PBS. For example, the complex viscosities, storage modulus, and loss modulus of long‐chain branched PBS at low frequency were significantly enhanced in comparison with those of linear PBS. In addition, long‐chain branched PBS showed higher tensile strength than that of linear PBS without notable decrease in the elongation at break when compared with linear PBS. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012