bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pawnbroking as instrument of partisan politics: The Municipal Bank of the City of Buenos Aires during the Radical Administration (1916-1930)
Authors:   Universidad Torcuato Di Tella. Argentina, Rocchi Fernando
Published: February 2021

The Banco Municipal de Préstamos y Cajas de Ahorro of the city of Buenos Aires, which was born in 1878 as Monte de Piedad as an institution to help the poorest with pawnbroking loans, underwent significant transformations in its functioning during the period of radicalism from 1916 to 1930. Originally, its almost exclusive function was that of the pledge of goods. From 1904 onwards, the opening of savings banks began and allowed the creation of a key source of financing. The radical administrations, which began with Hipólito Yrigoyen's triumph in 1916, continued and deepened the Bank's traditional social action role, although they linked it to the party's activity. This led to a political conflict between the Intendancy and the Deliberative Council, especially on the part of the socialist representatives. In parallel, the Bank experienced a strong expansion in its profits and capital in the 1920s. As a result of this growth, the government attempted to turn it into its lender and financial agent, a project that was completed in the early 1930, to transform it not only into the city's financial agent but also into a commercial entity.
The difficult reception of Durkheim at the National University of Litoral (1910-1947)
Authors:   Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani. Argentina, Vila Esteban Ezequiel
Published: February 2021

The present work aims to study the reception of Emile Durkheim´s ideas in the “Sociology” chair of the School of Law of the University of Litoral between 1910-1947. To achieve it, the text focus on the books, articles, class notes, etc., of those who were professors of the afore chair: Gustavo Martínez Zuviría, José Oliva, José María Rosa and Francisco Ayala. Throughout the text, a difficult diffusion of French sociology among the first Santa Fe professors will be appreciated, which did not, however, prevent the apparition of original readings and applications of the theory of the Alsatian intellectual.
The struggles of Tucuman students between two coups, 1966- 1976
Authors:   Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Argentina, Millán Mariano Ignacio ,   Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Historia Argentina y Americana “Dr. Emilio Ravignani”. Argentina, Califa Juan Sebastián ,   Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Argentina,   Universidad de Buenos Aires. Instituto de Historia Argentina y Americana “Dr. Emilio Ravignani”. Argentina
Published: February 2021

This article presents an analysis of the struggles of the student movement of the National University of Tucumán between the coup d'etats of 1966 and 1976, operationalized as social confrontations. The forms of action, the organizations, the claims, the action scenarios and the alliances developed by the Tucumán's students are considered thereby, characterizing the cycles of local conflict and their place in the national context. To do this analysis we codify a database of student struggle from newspapers.
Influence of laser deproteinization of acid-etched dentin on marginal microleakage of class V composite restoration
Authors: Kasraei Shahin , NejadKarimi Sogol , Malek Mona , Mohammadi Mahsa
Published: February 2021

Aim: Recent reports indicate that deproteinization of acid-etched dentin surface can extend penetration depth of adhesive agents. The main goal of the present research was to investigate the deproteinization effect of Nd:YAG and diode 940 lasers on acid-etched dentin and microleakage grade in class V composite restorations. Methods: 36 extracted human premolar teeth were selected to make standard buccal and lingual class V cavities. These samples were randomly split into three sub-groups: 1.Control group, in which composite was applied for restoration after etch and bonding process without deproteinization; 2.Nd:YAG laser group, in which the teeth were deproteinized with Nd:YAG laser after etching and painting internal surfaces of cavities with Van Geison stain and then composite restorations applied just as control group; 3.Diode laser group, in which the process was similar to Nd:YAG laser group, but instead, diode 940 laser was irradiated. The teeth were bisected into two equal longitudinal buccal and lingual halves. Marginal microleakage of samples was scored by using a stereomicroscope. Kruskal- Wallis, Mann-Whitney U and Fisher’s statistical tests were employed for analysis of the obtained data. Results: A significant reduction in marginal microleakage was observed for both groups treated with laser (Nd:YAG and diode 940)compared to control (p=0.001 & p=0.047). There was no significant difference in marginal microleakage between Nd:YAG laser and diode 940groups (P = 0.333). Conclusion: Nd:YAG and diode 940 laser deproteinization of acid-etched dentin decreased the marginal microleakage of in-vitro class V resin composite restorations.
The Impact of Administrative Empowerment on the Achievement of Sustainable Competitive Advantage: A Field Study at Pharmaceutical Manufacturers in Yemen
Authors: Prof. Dr. Abdullatif Musleh Mohammed Ayedh  , Dr. Najeeb Mohammed Yahya Al-Beshari
Published: February 2021

This study aimed at measuring the impact of administrative empowerment on achieving sustainable competitive advantage at Yemeni pharmaceutical manufacturers. It also aimed to identify the extent to which sustainable competitive advantage is achieved and the level of administrative empowerment practice in these companies.  To achieve the objectives of the study, the analytical descriptive method was adopted and a questionnaire was developed to collect data from the total population of (1116) individuals at the Yemeni pharmaceutical manufacturing companies. The sample (280) was selected by means of the stratified proportional random sampling method and 245 questionnaires were valid for analysis. Data were processed and analyzed using SPSS.  Findings of the study revealed that the targeted companies have shown paramount interest towards administrative empowerment practices and the achievement of sustainable competitive advantage. Findings also showed that administrative empowerment had an impact on achieving sustainable competitive advantage in the companies, and that the dimension of sharing information had the highest impact on the achievement of sustainable competitive advantage while the dimension of influence had the lowest impact.  The study recommends the reinforcement of enhancing the practice of administrative empowerment in the companies targeted in this study.
Opioid-Sparring and Multimodal Analgesia as Parts of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Applied In The Ksatria Airlangga Floating Hospital
Authors: Ananda Pratama , Semedi Bambang Pujo , Waloejo Christrijogo Sumartono , Utariani Arie
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol is a perioperative multimodal service program designed to achieve a faster surgical recovery period and a better outcome, the key in reducing morbidity in surgery is by reducing the “surgical injury” and reducing the body’s stress response caused by the surgery. The success of the ERAS protocol depends on the interpretation and collaboration of the multidisciplinary team, therefore though the protocol is carried out in a hospital that has sufficient facilities and resources, the obstacle in the implementation of ERAS can still happen. The implementation of ERAS protocol in the non-permanent hospital service facility becomes a challenge in itself. Case Reports: From the two case reports of the implementation of ERAS protocol in the Ksatria Airlangga Floating Hospital (RST-KA) it is obtained that the key success of the anesthesia in ERAS protocol above lies on the administration of opioid-sparring therapy where it will reduce the use of opioid. Although there are many obstacles obtained in the RST-KA, the use of ERAS protocol can be conducted by making effective use of opioid-sparring combined with the administration of multimodal analgesia. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that the ERAS protocol can be applied in the social service concept in the non-permanent health facility.
Particulate Matter Air Pollution Effects on Pulmonary Tuberculosis Activation in a Semi-Desert City on the US-Mexican Border
Authors: Reyna Marco Antonio , Schwander Stephan , López Avitia Roberto , ravo-Zanoguera Miguel Enrique , Reyna Myrtha Elvia , Nava Martha Lorena , Siqueiros Miriam , Osornio-Vargas Álvaro Román
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we assessed the association (relative risk, RR) between the exposure to PM10 and PM2.5 (as a continuous variable and as categories of low or high pollution exposure) on the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico. We used a weekly, lagged multiple Poisson regression model. We observed a 10-week delayed effect for PM10 and PM2.5 in all PTB cases and in male cases with PTB. An 11-week delayed effect occurred in the female PTB cases. For all the PTB cases, the RR rose by 2.4% (95% CI: 2.1, 2.6, p<0.10) for each 10 µg/m3 increase of PM10 in the continuous exposure and by 3.6% (CI: 3.3, 4.0, p<0.05) in the high pollution exposure category, and by 3.2% (CI: 2.9, 3.4, p<0.05) for each 10 µg/m3 increase of PM2.5 in the continuous exposure and by 3.9% (CI: 3.6, 4.3, p<0.05) in the high pollution exposure category. In men, the RR rose by 2.8% (CI: 2.5, 3.1, p<0.10) for each 10 µg/m3 increase of PM10 in the continuous exposure and by 4.6% (CI: 4.2, 5.0, p<0.05) in the high pollution exposure category, and by 3.4% (CI: 3.1, 3.7, p<0.05) for each 10 µg/m3 increase of PM2.5 in the continuous exposure and by 4.2% (CI: 3.8, 4.6, p<0.05) in the high pollution exposure category. In women, the RR rose by 5.1% (CI: 4.7, 5.5, p<0.05) for each 10 µg/m3 increase of PM10 in the continuous exposure and by 5.3% (CI: 4.7, 5.8, p<0.10) in the high pollution exposure category, and by 4.3% (CI: 3.8, 4.8, p<0.10) for each 10 µg/m3 increase of PM2.5 in the continuous exposure and by 5.3% (CI: 4.8, 5.9, p<0.10) in the high pollution exposure category. PM air pollution appears to associate with the incidence of PTB in the population of Mexicali.
Investigation on physical change and storability of meatball after treated with different levels of liquid smoke and storage time
Authors: Syamsuddin Syamsuddin syamsuddin , Abustam Effendi , Rahim Lellah
Published: February 2021

This present work investigated physical change and storability of buffalo meatball after treated with different levels of liquid smoke and storage time. Completely randomized design consisting of 2 factors (liquid smoke levels: 0, 1, 2%; storage time: 0, 1, 2, 3 weeks) was arranged, with 3 replications. Analysis of variance was employed to evaluate data, followed with LSD test. The results showed that liquid smoke could reduce shear force of meatball and TPC, but increase rancidity. Meanwhile, all parameters studied (shear force, TPC, and rancidity) tended to be lower along with storage time. In addition, both factors seemed to exhibit similar response oto shear force and TPC. In conclusion, the addition of liquid smoke 2% and storage time of 1 week resulted in the most desirable effect on buffalo meatball.
Farmer Participation in Maiwa Breeding Center Program In Barru Regency, South Sulawesi
Authors: Syarif Ilham , Baba Syahdar , Sirajuddin Siti Nurani
Published: February 2021

Abstrak The Maiwa Breeding Center program was a communiversity program from Hasanuddin University in the form of a Bali cattle nursery. The aim of this program was to preserve Bali cattle germplasm and improve the genetic quality of Bali cattle while increasing farmer income. The participation of farmers in implementing the MBC program was the key to the success of the program. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of farmer participation in the MBC program in Barru District. The number of respondents was 72 people who were randomly selected from 234 MBC partner farmers. Data was collected by enumerators who have been trained using questionnaires. The measured variable was the level of farmer participation during program planning, program implementation, program monitoring and evaluation and utilization of the results of the nursery program. Variables were measured using scores 1 - 4, namely from not participating, low participation, high participation and very high participation. Data analysis uses frequency distribution and continuum value table. The results showed that the participation of farmers in planning and monitoring and evaluation was in the low category. The participation of farmers in the implementation and utilization of results was in the high category. Overall, farmer participation in Bali cattle breeding activities was in the high category.
SALAH SANGKA DAN PENIPUAN PADA PASAL 27 AYAT (2) UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 1 TAHUN 1974 JO. PASAL 72 AYAT (2) KOMPILASI HUKUM ISLAM TENTANG PERKAWINAN
Authors: ' Muhammad Haka Rahman Hakim , ' Anjar Sri Ciptorukmi Nugraheni
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article aims to examine the correlation about the misunderstood and deception in the in Article 27
paragraph (2) of Law No. 1 of 1974 Jo Article 72 paragraph (2) Compilation of Islamic Law on Marriage.
This research is descriptive with qualitative approach which is empirical research. The type of data used
is the primary data obtained directly from the study sites and secondary data obtained from the literature
materials. Technique of collecting data by interview and document study or library materials.Based on the
results of research and discussion, the scope of misclassified into two that is a mistake that there is no
element of deliberate and misconceived that there are elements of deliberate. Misunderstandings can be
interpreted with a misunderstanding between the bride, but for fraud can be interpreted because of the
falsification of identity between husband or wife. Fraud is part of a misunderstanding, but misunderstanding
does not necessarily include fraud.

Abstrak
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji korelasi tentang ruang lingkup salah sangka dan penipuan pada
Pasal 27 ayat (2) Undang-undang Nomor 1 tahun 1974 Jo Pasal 72 ayat (2) Kompilasi Hukum Islam
tentang Perkawinan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum empiris yang bersifat deskriptif dengan
pendekatan  kualitatif.  Jenis  data  yang  digunakan  adalah  data  primer  yang  diperoleh  langsung  dari
lokasi penelitian dan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari bahan pustaka. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian
dan pembahasan, ruang lingkup salah sangka digolongkan menjadi dua, yaitu salah sangka yang tidak
terdapat unsur kesengajaan dan salah sangka yang terdapat unsur kesengajaan. Salah sangka dapat
diartikan dengan kesalah pahaman antara kedua mempelai, namun untuk penipuan dapat diartikan
karena adanya pemalsuan identitas antara suami atau istri. Penipuan merupakan bagian dari salah
sangka, tetapi salah sangka belum tentu termasuk dari penipuan,perkawinan.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN DALAM PERJANJIAN JUAL BELI ONLINE DI INDONESIA
Authors: , Andhika Yusuf Permana , , Munawar Kholil
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article for analytic, a problematic consumer protection, and the dispute for consumer case. This
research form normative legal research which perspective. A data used is secondary and tertiary data.
Method of collection use document. Technique analytic a data using syllogism deduction. A problematic
consumer protection on online transaction agreement Indonesian unsolved, due by lack of awareness
consumer a conflict solution, lack of knowledge consumer protect law, and over difficult on dispute. Dispute
online transaction use non litigation and litigation. Dispute non litigation via Indonesian National Board
of Arbitration, Consumer Dispute Settlement Board, National Consumer Protection Agency, Mediation
and Negotiation. Negotiation, this way the most effect and efficient, because taking conclusion propose
dealing together.  
Key word: protection, consumer, transaction.

Abstrak
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji, problematika perlindungan konsumen, dan penyelesaiaan sengketa
konsumen  dalam  perjanjian  jual  beli  online.  Jenis  penelitian  merupakan  hukum  normatif  bersifat
preskriptif. Jenis data yang digunakan data sekunder dan tersier. Teknik pengumpulan menggunakan studi
kepustakaan. Teknik analisis data secara deduksi silogisme. Problematika perlindungan konsumen dalam
perjanjian jual beli online di Indonesia belum terpecahkan, disebabkan karena kurangnya kesadaran dari
konsumen untuk menyelesaikan sengketa, kurangnya pengetahuan hukum perlindungan konsumen, dan
terlalu rumitnya dalam penyelesaian hukum. Penyelesaian sengketa dalam jual beli online dapat melalui
non litigasi dan litigasi. Penyelesaian non litigasi melalui Badan Arbitrase Nasional Indonesia, Badan
Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen, Badan Perlindungan Konsumen Nasional, Mediasi, dan Negosiasi.
Negosiasi  merupakan  salah  satu  jalur  yang  paling  efektif  dan  efesien,  karena  dalam  pengambilan
keputusan lebih mengedepankan kesepakatan bersama.
Kata Kunci: perlindungan, konsumen, jual beli
TINJAUAN TERHADAP DOKTER YANG MENANGANI PASIEN GAWAT DARURAT TANPA MENGGUNAKAN INFORMED CONSENT
Authors: , Indra Darian Wicaksana , , Ambar Budhisulistyawati
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This journal aims to determine the legal consequences of emergency medical treatment without informed
consent. This research is a normative perspective. As science is perspective, the science of law study law
purposes, the values   of justice, the validity of the rule of law and legal norms. This research approach using
the statue approach. Legal materials research using primary and secondary legal materials. Mechanical
collection  of  legal materials  research through library research / study documents and subsequently
analyzed by deduction, the analysis to draw conclusions from things that are common to be the case that
individual. Informed consent is mandatory before doctors perform medical procedures on patients. In the
absence of informed consent then there is no agreement before medical treatment. In the absence of
informed consent is the legal protection of the doctor and the patient is minimal and there is no agreement
between the patient and the doctor. Legal consequences arising in the absence of informed consent was
not inflict a loss of a doctor giving a feat obligation to the patient.
Keywords: Legal consequences; Informed Consent;  Agreement; Exception

Abstrak
Jurnal  ini  bertujuan  untuk  mengetahui  akibat  hukum  dari  penanganan  medis  gawat  darurat  tanpa
menggunakan informed consent. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif yang bersifat perspektif.
Sebagai  ilmu  yang  bersifat  prespektif,  ilmu  hukum  mempelajari  tujuan  hukum,  nilai-nilai  keadilan,
validitas aturan hukum, dan norma-norma hukum. Pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan
undang-undang. Bahan hukum penelitian ini menggunakan bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Teknik
pengumpulan bahan hukum penelitian ini melalui studi kepustakaan/studi dokumen dan selanjutnya
dianalisis dengan teknik deduksi, analisis untuk menarik kesimpulan dari hal yang bersifat umum menjadi
kasus yang bersifat individual. Informed Consent merupakan hal yang wajib sebelum dokter melakukan
tindakan medis terhadap pasien. Dengan tidak adanya informed consent maka tidak terjadi perikatan
sebelum penanganan medis. Dengan tidak adanya informed consent maka perlindungan hukum terhadap
dokter dan pasien sangatlah minim dan tidak terdapat perikatan antara pasien dan dokter. Akibat hukum
yang timbul dengan tidak adanya informed consent ternyata tidak menimbulkan hilangnya kewajiban
dokter memberikan suatu prestasi kepada pasien.
Kata Kunci : Akibat Hukum; Informed Consent; Persetujuan; Pengecualian
KLAIM ASURANSI SEBAGAI DASAR ADANYA UTANG DALAM PERMOHONAN KEPAILITAN PERUSAHAAN ASURANSI (Studi Kasus: Putusan Nomor 408 K/Pdt-Pailit/2015)
Authors: Aryo Nugroho Aditya , , Djuwityastuti
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article describes and examines the issue of whether insurance claims can be expressed as debt in bankruptcy. This research is normative legal research is prescriptive. The types of legal research materials include primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. Data collection techniques used are literature studies or document studies. The data analysis technique used is by deductive logic, deductive logic or processing of legal substances by deductive means of explaining a general thing then drawing it into a more specific conclusion. The results show that insurance claims can be expressed as debt. Insurance claims represent claims for achievements or obligations of new insurers will arise when the outbreak of the insurance agreement or clause required in the insurance agreement is met. If the insurer fails to fulfill his / her performance or obligations after the outbreak of the insurance agreement, the insurer may be declared indebted for not fulfilling his / her performance. With the non-fulfillment of obligations in the form of payment of money to the insured called insurance claims then make the insurer has a debt in the form of a sum of money against the insured and put the insured as a creditor while the insurer as a debtor.
Keywords: Bankruptcy; Insurance; Insurance Claims

Abstrak
Artikel ini mendeskripsikan dan mengkaji permasalahan apakah klaima suransi dapat dinyatakan sebagai utang dalam kepailitan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normative bersifat preskriptif. Jenis bahan hukum penelitian meliputi bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan atau studi dokumen. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah dengan logika deduktif, logika deduktif atau pengolahan bahan hukum dengan cara deduktif yaitu menjelaskan suatu hal yang bersifat umum kemudian menariknya menjadi kesimpulan yang lebih khusus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa klaimasuransi dapat dinyatakan sebagai utang. Klaim asuransi merupakan tuntutan atas prestasi atau kewajiban penanggung yang baru akan muncul ketika
pecahnya perjanjian asuransi atau klausula yang disyaratkan dalam perjanjian asuransi terpenuhi. Apabila penanggung tidak dapat memenuhi prestasi atau kewajibannya setelah pecahnya perjanjian asuransi maka penanggung telah dapat dinyatakan berhutang karena tidak bias memenuhi prestasinya. Dengan tidak dipenuhinya kewajiban berupa pembayaran sejumlah uang kepada tertanggung yang disebut dengan klaim asuransi maka menjadikan penanggung memiliki utang berupa sejumlah uang terhadap tertanggung dan mendudukkan tertanggung sebagai kreditor sedangkan penanggung sebagaidebitor.
Kata Kunci: Kepailitan; Asuransi; KlaimAsuransi
KEKUATAN HUKUM PENCATATAN PERJANJIAN PERKAWINAN BAGI PARA PIHAK (Studi Kasus di Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kota Surakarta)
Authors: Faruq Abdul Hakim Sutikno Gusti Muhammad , Asrori Hudi
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article aims to find out why a marriage agreement should be registered to the Department of Population and Civil Registration, and find out what if the marriage agreement is not registered. This research is a descriptive empirical legal research. The types of data used consist of primary data, secondary data including primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, tertiary legal materials. The location of this research is in the Department of Population and Civil Registration of Surakarta. Data collection techniques used are interviews and literature study. Analysis of data used is with the data collection stage in the study sites and analyzed more thoroughly, then after presented the verification and drawn a conclusion. Based on the results of the study the conclusions are derived, First, the marriage agreement needs to be registered because the marriage agreement is an orderly administration of population, to fulfill the principle of publicity and binding on third parties, as a means of verification and judge consideration in court, as a measure of public legal awareness. Second, a marriage agreements which is not registered to the Department of Population and Civil Registration will apply only to the party that created it, and will not bind on any third party.

Keywords: Legal Power; Marriage Agreement; Registration of Marriage Agreement.

Abstrak
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui  perjanjian perkawinan harus dicatatkan ke Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil, dan mengetahui apabila perjanjian perkawinan tersebut tidak didaftarkan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum empiris yang bersifat deskriptif. Jenis data yang digunakan terdiri dari data primer, data sekunder yang mencakup bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, bahan hukum tersier. Lokasi penelitian ini berada di Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil Kota Surakarta. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu wawancara dan studi kepustakaan. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah dengan tahap pengumpulan data di lokasi penelitian dan dianalisis secara lebih teliti, kemudian setelah tersaji dilakukan verifikasi dan ditarik sebuah kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dihasilkan simpulan, Kesatu, perjanjian perkawinan perlu dicatatkan karena perjanjian perkawinan sebagai tertib administrasi kependudukan, untuk memenuhi asas publisitas dan mengikat pihak ketiga, sebagai alat pembuktian dan pertimbangan hakim didalam persidangan, sebagai alat ukur kesadaran hukum masyarakat. Kedua, perjanjian perkawinan yang tidak dicatatkan ke Dinas Kependudukan dan Pencatatan Sipil hanya akan berlaku bagi pihak yang membuatnya, dan
tidak mengikat pihak ketiga.

Kata Kunci: Kekuatan Hukum; Perjanjian Perkawinan; Pencatatan Perjanjian Perkawinan
KONTRADIKSI ANTARA KEWAJIBAN ANAK KEPADA ORANGTUA DENGAN ANAK MENGGUGAT ORANGTUA
Authors: Indriyani Riska Andista , Nugraheni Anjar Sri Ciptorukmi
Published: February 2021

Abstract

This article explains the problem, firstly about the causal factors cause of the child sues the parent. Secondly, regarding law enforcement efforts against Article 46 of Law Number 1 Year 1974 on Mariage to prevent children from suing parents. This research is normative legal research is descriptive. The type of data used is secondary data, data collection techniques used is literature study, further technical analysis used is the nature of descriptive data analysis. The results of the research indicate that the factors causing the child to sue the parent is the existence of problems in the family and the provisions of the Article related to the obligation of the child to the parents has not provided assertiveness that the child who sues the parent is a violation of these provisions. The law enforcement effort against Article 46 of Law Number 1 Year 1974 regarding Marriage to prevent children from suing parents is done by settling family problems through deliberation  or through mediation and formulation of continued legal policy as the elaboration of such provisions.

Keywords: Sues Paren; Child Obligation; Law Enforcement.

 

Abstrak

Artikel ini menjelaskan permasalahan, pertama tentang faktor penyebab anak menggugat orangtua. Kedua, tentang upaya penegakan hukum terhadap Pasal 46 Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan untuk mencegah anak menggugat orangtua. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif bersifat deskriptif. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder, teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan, selanjutnya teknis analisis yang digunakan adalah sifat analisis data deskriptif. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor penyebab anak menggugat orangtua adalah adanya permasalahan dalam keluarga dan ketentuan pasal terkait kewajiban anak  kepada orangtua belum memberikan ketegasan bahwa anak yang menggugat orangtua merupakan pelanggaran terhadap ketentuan tersebut. Upaya penegakan hukum terhadap Pasal 46 Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan untuk mencegah anak menggugat orangtua dilakukan dengan penyelesaian permasalahan keluarga melalui musyawarah atau melalui mediasi dan perumusan kebijakan hukum lanjutan sebagai penjabaran ketentuan tersebut.

Kata kunci: Menggugat Orangtua; Kewajiban Anak; Penegakan Hukum.
UPAYA HUKUM TERHADAP ORANGTUA YANG TIDAK MELAKSANAKAN KEWAJIBAN ALIMENTASI DALAM PERSPEKTIF PERLINDUNGAN ANAK
Authors: Mawarni Tyas Sekar , Nugraheni Anjar Sri Ciptorukmi
Published: February 2021

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to explain the legal efforts that can be done if the parents do not implement the obligation of alimentation in the perspective of child protection. The method used is the method of legal research normatif (legal research), with the approach of the law (statute approach) and conceptual approach (conseptual approach). The legal substances used in this study include primary and secondary legal materials. The results of this study explain the parental remedies that do not carry out alimentation obligations in theoretical studies can be done by litigation or court and non-litigation or out of court. However, for non-litigation settlement in Indonesia is not yet available for family problems. Legal efforts through litigation may include the filing of livelihood rights and the execution of a permanent judge’s decision regarding the right of alimentation (cost of living).

Keywords: Legal effort;alimentation obligation; child; and child protection.

 

Abstrak

Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk menjelaskan upaya hukum yang dapat dilakukan apabila orangtua tidak melaksanakan kewajiban alimentasi dalam perspektif perlindungan anak.Metode yang digunakan ialah metode penelitian hukum normatif (legal research), dengan pendekatan undang-undang (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conseptual approach).Bahan hukum yang dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi bahan hukum primer dan sekunder.Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan mengenai upaya hukum orangtua yang tidak melaksanakan kewajiban alimentasi secara kajian teoritis dapat dilakukan dengan litigasi atau pengadilan dan non-litigasi atau di luar pengadilan.Namun, untuk penyelesaian melalui nonlitigasi di Indonesia belum difasilitasi Negara Mengenai masalah keluarga. Upaya hukum melalui Litigasi dapat berupa pengajuan hak nafkah dan eksekusi putusan hakim yang berkekuatan tetap mengenai hak alimentasi (biaya nafkah).

Kata Kunci: Upaya hukum; kewajiban alimentasi;anak;dan perlindungan anak.
KEDUDUKAN SERTIFIKAT HAK ATAS TANAH SEBAGAI JAMINAN KEBENDAAN BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG HAK TANGGUNGAN ATAS TANAH BESERTA BENDA-BENDA YANG BERKAITAN DENGAN TANAH
Authors: Putra Bayu Setiawan Hendri , Suryono Arief
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article aims to find out the position and legal protection of holders of land title certificates as a material guarantee. This normative legal research is prescriptive and applied. The types and sources of material for this study include primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. Data collection techniques used are literature studies or document studies. Data analysis techniques are carried out by examining research from literature studies or secondary data studies. The results of this study explain that the position of Land Rights as collateral is regulated in the Basic Agrarian Law which states that land rights can be used as collateral for debt by encumbering Mortgage Rights. Land rights that can be used as Mortgage Rights objects must fulfill two elements, namely, must be registered with the Land Office and according to their nature must be transferable. Creditors have a strong position against collateral objects. Legal protection for the holder of the land rights certificate as a material guarantee if the debtor defaults, the creditor has the right to sell collateral for repayment of the receivables regulated in the Mortgage Right Act. The Mortgage Rights Act is a manifestation of the objectives of the Basic Agrarian Law in providing and guaranteeing legal certainty and legal protection in preventive and repressive forms.
Keywords: Collateral; Mortgage Right; Legal Protection; Land Right

Abstrak
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kedudukan dan perlindungan hukum terhadap pemegang sertifikat hak atas tanah sebagai suatu jaminan kebendaan. Penelitian hukum normatif ini bersifat preskriptif dan terapan. Jenis dan sumber bahan penelitian ini meliputi bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu studi kepustakaan atau studi dokumen. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan cara mengkaji penelitian dari studi kepustakaan atau studi data sekunder. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa kedudukan Hak Atas Tanah sebagai jaminan diatur dalam UU Pokok Agraria yang menyatakan bahwa hak atas tanah dapat dijadikan jaminan utang dengan dibebani Hak Tanggungan. Hak Atas tanah yang dapat dijadikan obyek Hak Tanggungan harus memenuhi dua unsur yaitu, wajib didaftarkan pada Kantor Pertanahan dan menurut sifatnya harus dapat dipindah tangankan. Kreditur memiliki kedudukan yang kuat terhadap benda jaminan. Perlindungan hukum terhadap pemegang sertifikat hak atas tanah sebagai suatu jaminan kebendaan apabila debitur wanprestasi, kreditur berhak menjual benda jaminan untuk pelunasan piutangnya yang diatur dalam UU Hak Tanggungan. UU Hak Tanggungan merupakan wujud dari tujuan UU Pokok Agraria dalam memberikan dan jaminan kepastian hukum dan perlindungan hukum dalam bentuk preventif dan represif.
Kata Kunci: Jaminan; Hak Tanggungan; Perlindungan Hukum; Hak Atas Tanah
PERBANDINGAN HUBUNGAN HUKUM ANAK LUAR KAWIN TERHADAP ORANG TUA AKIBAT PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI NOMOR 46/ PUU-VIII/2010, UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 1 TAHUN 1974 TENTANG PERKAWINAN, DAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 24 TAHUN 2013 TENTANG PERUBAHAN ATAS UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 23 TAHUN 2006 TENTANG ADMINISTRASI KEPENDUDUKAN
Authors: Rahmawati Galih , Cahyaningsih Diana Tantri
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article aims to compare the legal relationship between nonmarital child to parents based on the Constitutional Court Desecion Number 46/PUU-VIII/2010, Law Number 24 of 2013 about Amendment to Law Number 23 of 2006 about Population Administration and Law Number 1 of 1974 about Marriage. This research is a normative legal research particulary prescriptive research. The data research are in the form of primary materials and secondary materials. The technique of collecting legal materials is literature study technique. The approaches in this research is legislation approach. The conceptual framework is deductive. The result of the research showed an inconsistency of The Constitutional Court Decision Number 46/PUU-VIII/2010, Law Number 24 of 2013 about Amendment to Law Number 23 of 2006 about Population Administration and Law Number 1 of 1974 about Marriage on the legal relationship between nonmarital children to parents.
Keywords: Legal Relationship; Nonmarital Child; Parents

Abstrak
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan hubungan hukum anak luar kawin terhadap orang tua berdasarkan Putusan MK Nomor 46/PUU-VIII/2010, Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan dan Undang-Undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2013 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2006 tentang Administrasi Kependudukan. Artikel ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif bersifat preskiptif. Sumber data dari artikel ini yaitu berupa bahan hukum primer dan bahan
hukum sekunder. Tehnik pengumpulan bahan hukum dalam artikel ini adalah tehnik studi kepustakaan.  Pendekatan dalam artikel ini adalah pendekatan perundang-undangan. Metode berpikir yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah metode berpikir deduktif. Hasil artikel menunjukkan adanya inkonsistensi Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 46/PUU-VIII/2010,Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 tentang Perkawinan, dan Undang-Undang Nomor 24 Tahun 2013 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 23 Tahun 2006 tentang Administrasi Kependudukan terhadap hubungan hukum anak luar kawin dengan orang tuanya.
Kata Kunci: Hubungan Hukum; Anak Luar Kawin; Orang Tua
AKIBAT HUKUM BAGI KONSORSIUM YANG DIPUTUS BERSALAH DALAM PERKARA KOMISI PENGAWAS PERSAINGAN USAHA (KPPU)
Authors: Pradhana Wisnu Aji , Pujiyono '
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to examine and analyze legal consequences for the Consortium who were found guilty in the case of the KPPU’s decision. This research is a normative or doctrinal with prescriptive and applied properties. The writing uses secondary data as the type of data. The legal material collection technique of this research is by studying documents or library studies conducted by collecting legal materials both primary and secondary, then read, studied and analyzed to answer legal problems as a support for this research. The KPPU’s decision to make the Consortium as one of the reported entities resulted in legal consequences for the consortium. Legal consequences in unfair competition and prohibition of monopoly in Indonesia are not only administrative sanctions and civil sanctions, but there are also criminal sanctions in the form of fines and imprisonment as a substitute for fines.
Keywords: Legal Consequences; Konsorsiu; KPPU; Legal Subjects

Abstrak
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa Akibat Hukum Bagi Konsorsium yang di Putus Bersalah dalam perkara Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha (KPPU). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif atau doktrinal dengan sifat preskriptif dan terapan. Jenis data atau bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah dengan studi dokumen atau studi kepustakaan yang dilakukan dengan cara mengumpulkan bahan hukum. Putusan KPPU yang menjadikan Konsorsium sebagai satu entitas terlapor mengakibatkan akibat hukum bagi konsorsium. Akibat Hukum dalam persaingan udaha tidak sehat dan larangan monopoli di Indonesia  tidak hanya sanksi administratif dan sanksi perdata, akan tetapi terdapat pula sanksi pidana berupa denda dan pidana kurungan penganti denda.
Kata Kunci: Akibat Hukum;Konsorsium; KPPU; Subyek Hukum
AKIBAT HUKUM YANG DITIMBULKAN MENGENAI CRYPTOCURRENCY SEBAGAI ALAT PEMBAYARAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Dwicaksana Haruli , Pujiyono .
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article aims to know the use of cryptocurrency can replace conventional money as a means of  payment in Indonesia. This article belongs to the type of normative legal research that is prescriptive to produce a new concept in resolving the problems faced by supported by a legal approach and a case approach. The data used is secondary data with primary binding and fundamental material. Data collection techniques using library studies. The data analysis technique used by the authors is a silogism analysis. The results showed that cryptocurrencies are difficult to substitute for conventional currency use as a means of payment in Indonesia because there is no centralized authority governing as well as the value of a relatively unstable cryptocurrency from Conventional currency that has been circulating in Indonesia is the rupiah, it is difficult to use cryptocurrency as a means of payment at the least level of Use daily.
Keywords: Payment Tools; Paymeny Systems; Conventional Currency; Cryptocurrency.

Abstrak
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan cryptocurrency dapat menggantikan uang  konvensional sebagai alat pembayaran di Indonesia. Artikel ini termasuk ke dalam jenis penelitian hukum normatif yang bersifat preskriptif untuk menghasilkan konsep baru dalam menyelesaikan permasalahan yang dihadapi, didukung dengan pendekatan undang-undang dan pendekatan kasus. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder dengan bahan hukum primer yang sifatnya mengikat dan mendasar. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan studi kepustakaan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan penulis merupakan analisis silogisme. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cryptocurrency sulit untuk menggantikan kegunaan mata uang konvensional sebagai alat pembayaran di Indonesia karena tidak ada otoritas terpusat yang mengatur serta nilai dari cryptocurrency yang relatif tidak stabil dari mata uang konvensional yang sudah beredar di Indonesia yaitu rupiah, maka sulit untuk menggunakan cryptocurrency sebagai alat pembayaran di tingkat paling kecil yaitu penggunaan sehari-hari.
Kata Kunci: Alat Pembayaran; Sistem Pembayaran; Uang Konvensional; Cryptocurrency.
PENYUSUNAN PERJANJIAN KERJA ANTARA PEMAIN SEPAK BOLAPROFESIONAL DENGAN KLUB PERSIS SOLO
Authors: Faizal T.A. Muhammad , Suryono Arief
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article Aims to find out, describe, and analysis the cooperation agreement process between football  players with Persis Solo football club. This research uses the normative legal approach. The research was prescriptive or applied. The research approach used by the authors is by the legislation approach. The legal material used by the authors is the primary legal material and secondary legal material. The techniques of collecting legal materials authors using literature study techniques and technical analysis techniques using silogism methods. Process agreement between the club exactly with the player is a  process of agreement made unilaterally (the club) by using the standard professional contract PSSI.  The agreement has qualified the terms of the agreement set forth in article 1320 of the KUH Perdata. The agreement also qualifies for a specific employment contract, in which the agreement must be made in writing.
Keywords: Agreements; Employment Contracts; Football Players; Football Clubs

Abstrak
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui, mendeskripsikan, dan menganalisa proses perjanjian kerjasama  antara atlet pemain sepakbola dengan Klub Persis Solo. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif. Penelitian ini bersifat preskriptif atau terapan. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan oleh penulis adalah dengan pendekatan Perundang-undangan. Bahan hukum yang digunakan penulis adalah bahan hukum primer dan bahan hukum sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum penulis menggunakan teknik studi kepustakaan dan teknik analisis bahan hukum menggunakan metode silogisme. Proses perjanjian antara klub Persis dengan pemainnya merupakan proses perjanjian yang dibuat secara sepihak (klub) dengan menggunakan standar kontrak profesional PSSI. Perjanjian tersebut telah memenuhi syarat sahnya perjanjian yang diatur dalam Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata. Perjanjian tersebut juga telah memenuhi syarat perjanjian kerja waktu tertentu (PKWT), dimana perjanjian harus dibuat dengan cara tertulis.
Kata Kunci: Perjanjian; Perjanjian Kerja; Pemain Sepakbola; Klub Sepakbola
PENGARUH LIKUIDITAS PERUSAHAAN DAN PEMBATALAN PERJANJIAN PERDAMAIAN TERHADAP KEPAILITAN PERUSAHAAN
Authors: Putri Hasan Naomi Adinda , Suryono Arief
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article aims to find out how companies that have good liquidity can be bankrupt and the consequences  of canceling Accord and satisfaction based on Law Number 37 of 2004 concerning Bankruptcy and Delaying Obligations of Debt Payments. This normative legal research is prescriptive in that it uses a statutory approach. The types of data used include: secondary data consisting of primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. Data collection techniques carried out are library  research techniques or document studies. Bankruptcy when associated with company liquidity where a  company with good liquidity should be able to fulfill its debt obligations, but the bankruptcy of the company is not based on it, but an aspect where when the debtor defaults, the bankruptcy process at the company can be carried out. When default occurs in a accord agreement where there are creditors who request cancellation and are accepted, it automatically results in the bankruptcy of the company, regardless of the financial condition of the company. Bankruptcy also implies that the company is replaced by the Curator to manage the company.
Keyword: Bankruptcy; Liquidity; Accord and Satisfaction Agreement

Abstrak
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana perusahaan yang berlikuiditas baik dapat dipailitkan  serta konsekuensi dari pembatalan perjanjian perdamaian berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 37 Tahun 2004 tentang Kepailitan dan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang. Penelitian hukum normative ini bersifat preskriptif yang menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undang. Jenis data yang digunakan antara lain: data sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier. Teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan adalah teknik penelitian kepustakaan atau studi dokumen. Kepailitan jika dikaitkan dengan likuiditas perusahaan dimana perusahaan dengan likuiditas yang baik semestinya mampu memenuhi kewajiban utangnya, akan tetapi pailitnya perusahaan bukan didasarkan pada hal tersebut, melainkan aspek dimana ketika debitur wanprestasi, maka proses kepailitan pada perusahaan dapat dilakukan. Ketika wanprestasi terjadi dalam perjanjian perdamaian dimana ada kreditur yang memohon pembatalannya dan diterima maka secara otomatis berakibat pada pailitnya perusahaan tersebut, terlepas dari keadaan financial perusahaan. Kepailitan juga berimpilkasi pada operasional perusahaan yang selanjutnya digantikan oleh Kurator untuk mengelola perusahaan.
Kata Kunci: Kepailitan; Likuiditas; Perjanjian Perdamaian
KEDUDUKAN HUKUM PERJANJIAN KREDIT DENGAN JAMINAN TEMPAT USAHA
Authors: Putra Pratama Rheza Narendra , Suraji ,
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article discusses the legal standing of credit agreement with business place as the collateral. This  study uses normative or doctrinal legal research methods that act prescriptively and applied. This study uses sources of primary and secondary legal materials. The analysis technique used is the syllogism method that uses deductive thinking patterns. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded. Credit agreement with business place as collateral commonly found nowadays. Mostly micro small and medium business operators as the debtors who have limited capital and limited ownership of object which  could burdened by institutionalized collateral rights legally. Whereas, generally business place which  proposed as the collateral not owned by the business operators but owned by other party. Practically bank as creditors agreed these credit lending because it has good economic value. Conseuently the legality of these credit agreement as the basis and the business place as the collateral be important.
Keywords: Legal Standing; Credit Agreement; Collateral; Business Place

Abstrak
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kedudukan hukum perjanjian kredit atau utang piutang yang  disertai jaminan berupa tempat usaha. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif atau doktrinal yang bersifat preskriptif dan teknis. Penelitian ini menggunakan sumber bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Teknik analisis yang digunakan yaitu dengan metode silogisme yang menggunakan pola berpikir deduktif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa perjanjian kredit dengan bentuk seperti ini jamak ditemui praktiknya sekarang ini. Biasanya yang bertindak sebagai debitor merupakan pemilik usaha mikro kecil dan menengah yang memiliki keterbatasan modal dan keterbatasan kepemilikan benda yang bisa dibebani hak jaminan yang sudah terinstitusionalisasi secara hukum. Padahal biasanya tempat usaha yang diajukan menjadi jaminan bukan merupakan kepemilikan langsung dari para pelaku usaha, akan tetapi milik pihak lain. Praktiknya bank sebagai kreditor juga menyetujui pemberian kredit seperti ini karena dianggap memiliki nilai ekonomis yang baik. Oleh karena itu aspek legalitas perjanjian kredit yang mendasarinya serta tempat usaha yang dijadikan jaminan menjadi penting.
Kata Kunci: Kedudukan Hukum; Perjanjian Kredit; Jaminan; Tempat Usaha