bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A negative mood facilitates complex semantic processing in a second language
Authors: Naranowicz Marcin , Jankowiak Katarzyna
Published: November 2024

Research has demonstrated that positive and negative moods may differently affect semantic processing due to the activation of mood-dependent thinking. Interestingly, recent studies have indicated that the interplay between mood and semantic processing may also be modulated by the language of operation (native [L1] vs. second language [L2]). Still, it remains an open question if and how mood interacts with varying depths of semantic processing, particularly in bilinguals. Here, we show that a negative mood may differently modulate shallow and deep semantic processing in bilinguals at a behavioral level. In two experiments, Polish–English bilinguals, induced into positive and negative moods, performed a lexical decision task (marking shallow semantic processing; Experiment 1) and a semantic decision task (marking deep semantic processing; Experiment 2) with sentences in L1 and L2 of varying semantic complexity: literal, novel metaphoric, and anomalous sentences. While no interactive mood–language effect was observed for shallow semantic processing, we found faster semantic judgments when bilinguals were in a negative relative to positive mood in L2, but not L1, for deep semantic processing. These findings suggest that a negative mood may activate more analytical and effort-maximizing thinking in L2, yet only when the linguistic content requires deeper understanding.
How the Abandonment of Democracy and Internationalism Has Decimated the Socialist Movement
Authors: Hensman Rohini
Published: November 2024

This paper looks not at workers’ struggles, which had their ups and downs over the last two hundred years, but specifically at the revolutionary socialist movement, which aims to eliminate capitalism. While there have been contributions to the vision of a classless, stateless society by utopian socialists and anarchists, the paper concentrates on Karl Marx and Frederick Engels and their legacy. It identifies three bifurcation points in this particular revolutionary socialist tradition where a substantial part of the movement abandoned democracy, internationalism, or both, and argues that this has had a disastrous effect on the movement and needs to be reversed.
Strategies or Opportunities. Trade Union’s International Quest for Social Justice
Authors: Van Goethem Geert
Published: November 2024

In this short contribution, we look at the trajectory of the largest international trade union organization, today ITUC, from the central questions in this exercise; why labor movements have achieved certain successes?, Why they sometimes failed?, And what major failures we have seen?
Evidence of clinical benefit of cancer medicines considered for funding in Australia
Authors: Vitry Agnes , Inglis Joshua , Caird Cathy
Published: November 2024

Objectives

To describe the type of evidence and the clinical benefit of cancer medicines assessed for funding in Australia by the Pharmaceutical Benefits Advisory Committee (PBAC) and to assess it with the European Society of Medical Oncology Magnitude of Clinical Benefit Scale version 1.1 (ESMO-MCBS).

Methods

All data on applications submitted to PBAC between 2010 and 2020 were extracted from PBAC Public Summary Documents available online. ESMO-MCBS ratings were retrieved from the ESMO-MCBS website.

Results

Then, 182 cancer indications for 100 cancer medicines were examined by PBAC, including 124 (68.1 percent) for solid tumors and 58 (31.9 percent) for hematological cancers. A total of 137 (75.3 percent) indications were recommended for PBS funding and 40 (21.9 percent) were rejected. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) were the main source of evidence in 154 indications (84.6 percent), single-arm studies in 28 (15.4 percent) indications. Statistically significant improvement in overall survival (OS) was reported in 80 (44 percent) of the indications, with a median OS gain of 3.0 months (range 0.9–17.0) for solid tumors and 8.2 months (range 1–49.1) for hematological cancers when mature OS data were available. The ESMO-MCBS score was available for 99 solid tumor indications, of which 51 (51.5 percent) showed substantial clinical benefit according to ESMO-MCBS, including 40 (54.1 percent) of PBAC-recommended indications and 9 (42.9 percent) of PBAC-rejected indications. There was no association between the ESMO scoring and PBAC decision.

Conclusions

Most cancer medicines indications considered by PBAC were supported by RCTs. A minority showed a substantial improvement in OS.
The relative importance of severity and rarity criteria in health resource allocation: an umbrella review
Authors: Chan Mint , Wang Yi , Chuanchaiyakul Tanainan , Chavarina Kinanti Khansa , Isaranuwatchai Wanrudee , Teerawattananon Yot
Published: November 2024

Objectives

The primary objectives of this umbrella review were to (a) quantify the relative importance, of “severity” and “rarity” criteria in health resource allocation; and (b) analyze the contextual factors influencing the relative importance. The secondary objective was to examine how “severity” and “rarity” criteria are defined.

Methods

Searches were carried out in PubMed and Embase to identify eligible systematic reviews. Quality appraisal of systematic reviews was undertaken. From identified systematic reviews, primary studies were extracted and further screened for eligibility. The inclusion of severity and rarity criteria and their respective weights in primary studies were examined. Descriptive and regression analyses were performed.

Results

Twenty-nine systematic reviews were screened, of which nine met the inclusion criteria. Primary studies included in these systematic reviews were retrieved and screened, resulting in forty articles included in the final analysis. Disease severity was more frequently considered (n = 29/40) than disease rarity (n = 23/40) as an evaluation criterion. Out of all cases where both were included as evaluation criteria, disease severity was assigned higher weights 84 percent of the time (n = 21/25).

Conclusions

Our review found consistent evidence that disease severity is more relevant and preferred to rarity as a priority-setting criterion albeit constraints in statistical analysis imposed by limited sample size and data availability. Where funding for rare diseases is concerned, we advocate that decision-makers be explicit in clarifying the significance of disease severity and/or rarity as a value driver behind decisions. Our findings also reinforce the relevance of disease severity as a criterion in priority setting.
Mitigating Missingness in Analysing Chinese Policy and Implications for the Fragility of Our Knowledge Base
Authors: Brussee Vincent
Published: November 2024

Access challenges for China researchers have increased, including for online research. This paper focuses on one subset of such challenges: policy documents. As no studies have to date analysed variation in data availability over time, researchers studying official documents risk conflating variation in transparency with actual policy change. This paper analyses missingness and finds that publication of policy documents under China's “open government information” initiative increased until the mid-late 2010s but then began to decrease. A key determinant of policy transparency is whether a document is related to citizens’ daily lives, as opposed to national security. Furthermore, nearly 20 per cent of policy documents become unavailable two years after their publication. The paper concludes with a discussion on how to mitigate these challenges.
One-year and ultimate correlations in dependent claims run-off triangles
Authors: Delong Łukasz , Szatkowski Marcin
Published: November 2024

We investigate bottom-up risk aggregation applied by insurance companies facing reserve risk from multiple lines of business. Since risk capitals should be calculated in different time horizons and calendar years, depending on the regulatory or reporting regime (Solvency II vs IFRS 17), we study correlations of ultimate losses and correlations of one-year losses in future calendar years in lines of business. We consider a multivariate version of a Hertig’s lognormal model and we derive analytical formulas for the ultimate correlation and the one-year correlations in future calendar years. Our main conclusion is that the correlation coefficients that should be used in a bottom-up aggregation formula depend on the time horizon and the future calendar year where the risk emerges. We investigate analytically and numerically properties of the ultimate and the one-year correlations, their possible values observed in practice, and the impact of misspecified correlations on the diversified risk capital.
A Refined Zero‐Buoyancy Plume Model for Large‐Scale Atmospheric Profiles and Anvil Clouds in Radiative‐Convective Equilibrium
Authors: Hu Zeyuan , Jeevanjee Nadir , Kuang Zhiming
Published: November 2024

A simple analytical model, the zero‐buoyancy plume (ZBP) model, has been proposed to understand how small‐scale processes such as plume‐environment mixing and evaporation affect the steady‐state structure of the atmosphere. In this study, we refine the ZBP model to achieve self‐consistent analytical solutions for convective mass flux, addressing the inconsistencies in previous solutions. Our refined ZBP model reveals that increasing plume‐environment mixing can increase upper‐troposphere mass flux through two pathways: increased cloud evaporation or reduced atmospheric stability. To validate these findings, we conducted small‐domain convection‐permitting Radiative‐Convective Equilibrium simulations with horizontal resolutions ranging from 4 km to 125 m. As a proxy for plume‐environment mixing strength, the diagnosed entrainment rate increases with finer resolution. Consistent with a previous study, we observed that both anvil cloud fraction and upper‐troposphere mass flux increase with higher resolution. Analysis of the clear‐sky energy balance in the simulations with two different microphysics schemes identified both pathways proposed by the ZBP model. The dominant pathway depends on the relative strengths of evaporation cooling and radiative cooling in the environment. Our work provides a refined simple framework for understanding the interaction between small‐scale convective processes and large‐scale atmospheric structure.
Field Validation of the Superelevation Method for Debris‐Flow Velocity Estimation Using High‐Resolution Lidar and UAV Data
Authors: Åberg A. , Aaron J. , McArdell B. W. , Kirchner J. , de Haas T. , Hirschberg J.
Published: November 2024

Estimating flow velocities is key to assessing hazards associated with debris flows. One approach to post‐event velocity estimation is the superelevation method, which uses debris‐flow mudlines to measure the cross‐channel surface inclination, or superelevation, produced by centripetal forces acting on the flow in a bend. Flow velocities are then calculated using a subjective parameterization of the forced vortex equation modified to include a debris‐flow specific correction factor. Subjective parameterization of this equation leads to substantial variability and uncertainty in the resulting flow velocities. We present an analysis of the reliability of the superelevation method using a large UAV‐based data set of 14 debris flows with front velocities of ∼0.8–6.5 m s−1 and cross‐channel surface inclinations of ∼0.6–8.5°, as well as a validation for a single debris flow measured using high‐resolution, high‐frequency 3D lidar data fused to video imagery. The validation event indicates that when the flow surface inclination can be measured directly, the forced vortex equation produces excellent results without needing a correction factor for Froude numbers ranging from 0.7 to 1.5. This finding indicates that the main challenge with the superelevation method lies in obtaining accurate measurements of superelevation from the mudlines, and that a correction factor may serve to compensate for measurement difficulties rather than variable flow properties. For very small and highly subcritical flows, the superelevation method may generate a large overestimation of flow velocities.
Enhanced Video Inpainting: A Deep Learning Approach for Historical Weather Reconstruction
Authors: Schmutz Yannis , Imfeld Noemi , Brönnimann Stefan , Graf Erik
Published: November 2024

We investigate the applicability of deep learning (DL) methods for reconstructing daily weather data. Inspired by video inpainting, we propose a novel method, WeRec3D, which utilizes a three‐dimensional convolutional neural network. Our approach was developed iteratively by evaluating seven modeling improvement techniques. The resulting method reduces the validation error by 67% compared to a two‐dimensional baseline, decreasing the error from RMSE = 0.4620 and MAE = 0.311 to RMSE = 0.1527 and MAE = 0.1093. Additionally, we demonstrate the impact of the spatial distribution of observations on reconstruction accuracy and propose a potential integration with the analogue resampling method. WeRec3D is trained and validated in a self‐supervised manner using ERA5's surface temperature and pressure data over Europe. On a hold‐out set from 1950 to 1954, the validation results in an MAE of 1.11°C and 199 Pa. As a case study, we reconstruct the 1807 heat wave and validate it using a leave‐one‐out method in space. Compared to the original data, the reconstructed time series exhibit a correlation of at least 0.91, with a maximum normalized RMSE and standard deviation delta of 0.58 and 0.51 respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to apply DL‐based video inpainting techniques for weather reconstruction, proposing it as a novel approach for reconstructing missing weather information.
A novel gyroscope based on the slow surface acoustic wave in a phononic metamaterial
Authors: Ge Fei , Zhao Liye , Xu Jiawen , Ding Xukai
Published: November 2024

Limited to the direct modulation on the surface acoustic wave (SAW) by the rotation, the conventional SAW gyroscopes incur weak Coriolis effects and gyroscopic effects. In this paper, we innovatively utilize a phononic metamaterial (PM) operated at whispering-gallery modes (WGMs) as the vehicle for the Coriolis effect rather than SAW itself. The gyroscopic effects of this PM are investigated, and a new SAW gyroscope is subsequently proposed based on the slow SAW in PM. We show, combining theoretical modeling and finite element method simulation, that the rate of rotation can linearly induce the splitting of WGMs and modulate the phase velocity of SAW down to 4600 m/s (initial phase velocity of 5355 m/s); the direction of rotation results in the chiral symmetry of the PM vibration and the asymmetric distribution of the transmissive SAW. Besides, the proposed SAW gyroscope measures the angular velocity by detecting the phase shift resulting from rotation-dependent slow SAW in PM, obtaining a sensitivity of 0.016 deg/Hz when 50-cell PM. Compared with the existing SAW gyroscopes based on phase velocity modulation, the gyroscopic gain factor in this paper is enhanced by 430–1600 times. This work jumps out of the framework of directly modulating SAW in gyroscopes and provides an innovative scheme of the indirect modulations from the rotation-dependent PM on SAW, showing excellent performance and potential for angular velocity measurement in extreme environments.
The role of co-occurring conditions and genetics in the associations of eating disorders with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Christiansen Gitte Bundgaard , Petersen Liselotte Vogdrup , Chatwin Hannah , Yilmaz Zeynep , Schendel Diana , Bulik Cynthia M. , Grove Jakob , Brikell Isabell , Semark Birgitte Dige , Holde Katrine , Abdulkadir Mohamed , Hübel Christopher , Albiñana Clara , Vilhjálmsson Bjarni Jóhann , Børglum Anders D. , Demontis Ditte , Mortensen Preben Bo , Larsen Janne Tidselbak
Published: November 2024

Eating disorders (EDs) commonly co-occur with other psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD); however, the pattern of family history and genetic overlap among them requires clarification. This study investigated the diagnostic, familial, and genetic associations of EDs with ADHD and ASD. The nationwide population-based cohort study included all individuals born in Denmark, 1981–2008, linked to their siblings and cousins. Cox regression was used to estimate associations between EDs and ADHD or ASD, and mediation analysis was used to assess the effects of intermediate mood or anxiety disorders. Polygenic scores (PGSs) were used to investigate the genetic association between anorexia nervosa (AN) and ADHD or ASD. Significantly increased risk for any ED was observed following an ADHD or ASD diagnosis. Mediation analysis suggested that intermediate mood or anxiety disorders could account for 44%–100% of the association between ADHD or ASD and ED. Individuals with a full sibling or maternal half sibling with ASD had increased risk of AN compared to those with siblings without ASD. A positive association was found between ASD-PGS and AN risk whereas a negative association was found between AN-PGS and ADHD. In this study, positive phenotypic associations between EDs and ADHD or ASD, mediation by mood or anxiety disorder, and genetic associations between ASD-PGS and AN and between AN-PGS and ADHD were observed. These findings could guide future research in the development of new treatments that can mitigate the development of EDs among individuals with ADHD or ASD.
MDM4 inhibits ferroptosis in p53 mutant colon cancer via regulating TRIM21/GPX4 expression
Authors: Liu Jie , Wei Xujin , Xie Yixuan , Yan Yuxiang , Xue Sihui , Wang Xiangyu , Chen Han , Pan Qilong , Yan Sisi , Zheng Xiaoling , Huang Qingling
Published: November 2024

MDM4 is one of the major regulators of p53. The biological effect of MDM4 on tumor is controversial, its role and molecular mechanism in colon cancer progression and prognosis are still unclear. In this study, we identify that MDM4 is significantly overexpressed in human colon cancer and high MDM4 expression was associated with poor prognosis of colon cancer with mutant p53. MDM4 inhibits the ubiquitination of the ferroptosis marker protein GPX4 at K167 and K191 by upregulating the protein expression level of the E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM21, which promotes the polyubiquitination of GPX4 transfer from K48- to K63- linked ubiquitination. Thereby, MDM4 enhances the stability of GPX4 protein, inhibiting ferroptosis, increasing the resistance of colon cancer patients to chemotherapy, and promoting colon cancer progression. These findings elucidate the ferroptosis inhibition effect of MDM4 via regulating TRIM21/GPX4 on p53-mutated colon cancer and provide a potential therapeutic strategy for colon cancer therapy.
Guarantees on the structure of experimental quantum networks
Authors: Ulibarrena Andrés , Webb Jonathan W. , Pickston Alexander , Ho Joseph , Fedrizzi Alessandro , Pozas-Kerstjens Alejandro
Published: November 2024

Quantum networks connect and supply a large number of nodes with multi-party quantum resources for secure communication, networked quantum computing and distributed sensing. As these networks grow in size, certification tools will be required to answer questions regarding their properties. In this work we demonstrate a general method to guarantee that certain correlations cannot be generated in a given quantum network. We apply quantum inflation methods to data obtained in quantum group encryption experiments, guaranteeing the impossibility of producing the observed results in networks with fewer optical elements. Our results pave the way for scalable methods of obtaining device-independent guarantees on the network structure underlying multipartite quantum protocols.
Engineered receptors for soluble cellular communication and disease sensing
Authors: Piraner Dan I. , Abedi Mohamad H. , Duran Gonzalez Maria J. , Chazin-Gray Adam , Lin Annie , Zhu Iowis , Ravindran Pavithran T. , Schlichthaerle Thomas , Huang Buwei , Bearchild Tyler H. , Lee David , Wyman Sarah , Jun Young-wook , Baker David , Roybal Kole T.
Published: November 2024

Despite recent advances in mammalian synthetic biology, there remains a lack of modular synthetic receptors that can robustly respond to soluble ligands and, in turn, activate bespoke cellular functions. Such receptors would have extensive clinical potential to regulate the activity of engineered therapeutic cells, but so far only receptors against cell-surface targets have approached clinical translation1. To address this gap, here we adapt a receptor architecture called the synthetic intramembrane proteolysis receptor (SNIPR) for activation by soluble ligands. Our SNIPR platform can be activated by both natural and synthetic soluble factors, with notably low baseline activity and high fold activation, through an endocytic, pH-dependent cleavage mechanism. We demonstrate the therapeutic capabilities of the receptor platform by localizing the activity of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells to solid tumours in which soluble disease-associated factors are expressed, bypassing the major hurdle of on-target off-tumour toxicity in bystander organs. We further apply the SNIPR platform to engineer fully synthetic signalling networks between cells orthogonal to natural signalling pathways, expanding the scope of synthetic biology. Our design framework enables cellular communication and environmental interactions, extending the capabilities of synthetic cellular networking in clinical and research contexts.
A comprehensive human embryo reference tool using single-cell RNA-sequencing data
Authors: Zhao Cheng , Plaza Reyes Alvaro , Schell John Paul , Weltner Jere , Ortega Nicolás M. , Zheng Yi , Björklund Åsa K. , Baqué-Vidal Laura , Sokka Joonas , Trokovic Ras , Cox Brian , Rossant Janet , Fu Jianping , Petropoulos Sophie , Lanner Fredrik
Published: November 2024

Stem cell-based embryo models offer unprecedented experimental tools for studying early human development. The usefulness of embryo models hinges on their molecular, cellular and structural fidelities to their in vivo counterparts. To authenticate human embryo models, single-cell RNA sequencing has been utilized for unbiased transcriptional profiling. However, an organized and integrated human single-cell RNA-sequencing dataset, serving as a universal reference for benchmarking human embryo models, remains unavailable. Here we developed such a reference through the integration of six published human datasets covering development from the zygote to the gastrula. Lineage annotations are contrasted and validated with available human and nonhuman primate datasets. Using stabilized Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection, we constructed an early embryogenesis prediction tool, where query datasets can be projected on the reference and annotated with predicted cell identities. Using this reference tool, we examined published human embryo models, highlighting the risk of misannotation when relevant references are not utilized for benchmarking and authentication.
Revisiting the scorpion central nervous system using microCT
Authors: Loria Stephanie F. , Ehrenthal Valentin L. , Esposito Lauren A.
Published: November 2024

The central nervous system (CNS) of Chelicerata has remained conserved since the Cambrian, yet few studies have examined its variability within chelicerate orders including Scorpiones. The scorpion CNS comprises the prosomal ganglion and opisthosomal ventral nerve cord. We visualize the scorpion CNS with microCT, explore morphological variation across taxa, compare the scorpion CNS to other arachnids, and create a terminology glossary and literature review to assist future studies. Six scorpion species were microCT scanned. Scan quality varied and most structures in the prosomal ganglion could only be observed in Paruroctonus becki (Vaejovidae). Major nerves and the first opisthosomal ganglion were visible in nearly all taxa. We present the most detailed 3D-rendering of the scorpion prosomal ganglion to date. Our results corroborate existing research and find the scorpion CNS to be conserved. Nearly all structures reported previously in the prosomal ganglion were located in similar positions in P. becki, and nerve morphology was conserved across examined families. Despite similarities, we report differences from the literature, observe taxonomic variation in prosomal ganglion shape, and confirm positional variation for the first opisthosomal ganglion. This study serves as a starting point for microCT analysis of the scorpion CNS, and future work should include more distantly related, size variable taxa to better elucidate these findings.
A new scoring system to predict fatal accidents in General Aviation and to facilitate emergency control centre response
Authors: Hinkelbein Jochen , Hippler Catherina , Liebold Felix , Schmitz Jan , Rothschild Markus , Schick Volker
Published: November 2024

Numerous accidents occur with General Aviation aircraft every year. To date, pre-emptive prediction of survival or death is impossible. The current study aims to identify significant factors elementary to predict survival after General Aviation (GA) aircraft accidents. The Implementation of a scoring system, including these factors, may facilitate emergency control centre response. Data of flight accidents over a 20-year period (extracted from the German Federal Bureau of Aircraft Accident Investigation [BFU]) was analysed for fixed-wing motorized small aircrafts below 5,700 kg MTOW. Factors of interest were analysed using Chi2- and Mann–Whitney-U-Tests. Logistic regression was used to establish a score to calculate the probability of a fatal outcome after an aircraft accident. The BFU lists 1,595 GA aircraft accidents between 2000 and 2019. The factors “third quarter of the year” (p = 0.04), “last quarter of the year” (p = 0.002), “fire” (p < 0.0001), “distance from airport > 10 km” (p < 0.0001), “landing” (p < 0.0001) and “cruise” (p < 0.0001), significantly correlated positively or negatively with a fatal outcome. “Take-off”, “approach”, “month”, “day of the week”, “persons on board above three”, “night-time” and “icing conditions” showed no significant correlation. Using logistic regression “third quarter of the year” and “cruise” were excluded when using the B-STEP method. Including the four significant parameters, the score showed a strong effect with f2 = 0.709. The analysis of GA aircraft accidents in Germany enabled the identification of relevant factors and establishment of a new scoring system for survival prediction after small aircrafts accidents below 5,700 kg MTOW. The implementation of the scoring system in emergency control centres in the context of digital development and artificial intelligence can improve emergency response planning and distribution.
Immuno-physiological role of exogenous enzymes supplementation in heat stressed growing calves
Authors: Eid Sherif Yousif , Emara Sana Sayed , Sharaf Ahmed Kamel , Ahmed-Farid Omar A. , El-Zaher Hussein Mostafa
Published: November 2024

Twenty Crossbred (Baladi× Brown-Swiss) male growing-calves, 6 to 8 months old, weighing an average of 115 to 125 kg were subjected for evaluating ZADO supplementary effects on blood biochemical parameters, antioxidant status, thyroid activity, and growth efficiency of calves under semi-arid conditions. The experimental units were pinned equally in two groups. The control (G1) fed the basal ration, and the 2nd, treatment group (G2) fed the basal ration + a daily supplement of 10 g ZADO (exogenous enzymes) calf− 1 day− 1 in a powder form mixed well with ration. The results showed that ZADO treatment reduced (P < 0.001) each of respiration rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT), serum malondialdehyde (MDA), urea, creatinine, and cortisol. Also, caused a marked decline in oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities. However, supplemented ZADO to growing calves diets improved antioxidant status including reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, total antioxidant capacity, serum total protein, albumin, and globulin, as well as IgG and IgM besides. ZADO enhanced (P < 0.01) thyroid activity, and feed efficacy parameters. Finally, supplementing growing calves with ZADO under semi-arid circumstances alleviates the heat stress effect, and leads to an improvement in calves’ growth performance.
Innovative application of green surfactants as eco-friendly scale inhibitors in industrial water systems
Authors: Khamis E. , Abd-El-Khalek D. E. , Fawzy Manal , Soliman Kamal A. , Abdel-Gaber A. M. , Anwar J. M.
Published: November 2024

Scale deposition poses significant challenges in various industrial utilities, necessitating the development of eco-friendly scale inhibitors in line with environmental regulations. This study investigates the potential of two natural surfactants, Casein and Rhamnolipid, as innovative inhibitors for calcium carbonate (CaCO3) scale formation, offering an alternative to traditional water treatment chemicals. The anti-scaling characteristics of these two green surfactants were performed using conductivity and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques. Additionally, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were utilized to analyze the morphology of CaCO3 crystals and understand the structural changes induced by surfactant interaction. The results revealed that Rhamnolipids significantly outperform Casein in suppressing scale formation, attributed to the adsorption of their multiple functional groups onto scale microcrystals. This adsorption modifies the crystal structure and inhibits further growth. Computational studies were employed to investigate the inhibition mechanism of these surfactants. The spatial and electrical configurations of optimal molecular structures are also analyzed using the Density Functional Theory (DFT) approach. Monte Carlo simulations on the CaCO3 (104) surface demonstrated that Rhamnolipids exhibit superior inhibition compared to Casein, as evidenced by their higher adsorption energy, indicating a more stable binding to the surface. Overall, this research highlights the potential of these natural surfactants as sustainable scale inhibitors, particularly in industries such as food and pharmaceuticals, thereby contributing to environmentally friendly water treatment solutions.
Energy-resolved neutron imaging study of a Japanese sword signed by Bishu Osafune Norimitsu
Authors: Oikawa Kenichi , Matsumoto Yoshihiro , Watanabe Kenichi , Sato Hirotaka , Parker Joseph Don , Shinohara Takenao , Kiyanagi Yoshiaki
Published: November 2024

Our research focuses on elucidating the crystallographic structure of Japanese swords in a nondestructive manner using the neutron imaging instrument RADEN at the Materials and Life Science Experimental Facility of the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). We developed an analysis method combining wavelength-resolved Bragg-edge imaging and wavelength-selective neutron tomography with a new strategy and applied it to an approximately 45-cm blade length Japanese sword signed by Bishu Osafune Norimitsu. Computed tomography was performed, and the three-dimensional analysis captured the characteristic internal structure of Kobuse. Kobuse is the most famous steel-combining structure of Japanese swords, where an outer steel with high-carbon content (Kawagane) covers a core steel with low-carbon content (Shingane). The crystallite size distribution obtained through Bragg-edge analysis could consistently explain the internal structure of two steels observed in neutron tomograms. Our nondestructive imaging revealed deep hardening, forming a wavy pattern more than 5 mm from the cutting edge.
Mummy of a juvenile sabre-toothed cat Homotherium latidens from the Upper Pleistocene of Siberia
Authors: Lopatin A. V. , Sotnikova M. V. , Klimovsky A. I. , Lavrov A. V. , Protopopov A. V. , Gimranov D. O. , Parkhomchuk E. V.
Published: November 2024

The frozen mummy of the large felid cub was found in the Upper Pleistocene permafrost on the Badyarikha River (Indigirka River basin) in the northeast of Yakutia, Russia. The study of the specimen appearance showed its significant differences from a modern lion cub of similar age (three weeks) in the unusual shape of the muzzle with a large mouth opening and small ears, the very massive neck region, the elongated forelimbs, and the dark coat color. Tomographic analysis of the mummy skull revealed the features characteristic of Machairodontinae and of the genus Homotherium. For the first time in the history of paleontology, the appearance of an extinct mammal that has no analogues in the modern fauna has been studied.
One-pot isothermal CRISPR/Dx system for specific and sensitive detection of microRNA
Authors: Li Xinyu , Huang Zhihao , Lau Cia-Hin , Li Jiaqi , Zou Minghai , Wu Weidong , Chen Xiaoqing , Li Jiahui , Huang Yumei , Wang Tao , Li Yulin , Xu Meijing , Huang Xiaojun , Zhu Haibao , Yang Chunkang
Published: November 2024

One-pot isothermal CRISPR/Dx system for specific and sensitive detection of microRNA-associated with pancreatic cancer.
Retraction: Combined microporous membrane-based liquid–liquid–liquid microextraction and in situ differential pulse voltammetry for highly sensitive detection of trimipramine
Authors: Ensafi Ali A. , Rabiei Sedigheh , Rezaei Behzad , Jafari-Asl Mehdi
Published: November 2024

Retraction of ‘Combined microporous membrane-based liquid–liquid–liquid microextraction and in situ differential pulse voltammetry for highly sensitive detection of trimipramine’ by Ali A. Ensafi et al., Anal. Methods, 2013, 5, 4027–4033, https://doi.org/10.1039/C3AY40388B.
Efficient CO2 photoreduction using a water-soluble conjugated polyelectrolyte grafted imidazolium-functionalized side chain
Authors: Chen Mantao , Li Waner , Zhang Tingting , Xu Tianjing , Wang Bo , Zeng Chao , Li Fei , Dai Chunhui
Published: November 2024

In the present work, we reported the development of a water-soluble conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPE) for efficient CO2 photoreduction under visible light (λ > 420 nm).
A switchable and facile ionic diode modulated by polyethylene glycol
Authors: Zheng Fei , Li HongLuan , Yang Jun , Wang Haiyan , Qin Guangle , Chen Dapeng , Sha Jingjie
Published: November 2024

A switchable and facile ionic diode, dynamically modulated by PEG, offers tunable ion transport with enhanced rectification.
Recent advances in the synthesis of N-heterocycles from α-amino acids mediated by iodine
Authors: Yang Dong-Sheng , Xiang Jia-Chen , Wu An-Xin
Published: November 2024

The synthesis of N-heterocycles has received extensive attention from scientists considering their important role in organic synthesis, pharmaceuticals, and materials chemistry.
Ni–MoO2 heterostructure encapsulated in mesoporous silica microtubes: a structured hydrogenation catalyst with enhanced activity for reduction of 4-nitrophenol
Authors: Sun Yiran , Guo Mintong , Han Suping , Xu Jingli , Yin Xue-Bo , Zhang Min
Published: November 2024

Here we present a simple approach for the synthesis of Ni–MoO2@mSiO2 microtubes, which exhibited outstanding activity and stability in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol.
Finite-field Cholesky decomposed coupled-cluster techniques (ff-CD-CC): theory and application to pressure broadening of Mg by a He atmosphere and a strong magnetic field
Authors: Blaschke Simon , Kitsaras Marios-Petros , Stopkowicz Stella
Published: November 2024

For the interpretation of spectra of magnetic stellar objects such as magnetic white dwarfs (WDs), highly accurate quantum chemical predictions for atoms and molecules in finite magnetic field are required.
Light-induced spin-state switching in heterospin complexes of Cu(hfac)2 with pyridine-based nitroxides
Authors: Zaitsev Konstantin V. , Tolstikov Svyatoslav E. , Bogomyakov Artem S. , Veber Sergey L. , Sagdeev Renad Z. , Fedin Matvey V.
Published: November 2024

Photoswitching in copper(ii)–nitroxide spin dyads with varying alkyl substituent lengths (Cn) has been studied using EPR spectroscopy, revealing the dependence of switching efficiency on Cn in these molecular magnets.
The effect of vanadium substitution in polyoxometalates on the electrocatalytic oxidation of formic acid
Authors: Jia Danqi , Xiao Lusheng , Deng Yayun , Li Jie , Weng Jiazhen , Huang Qiufeng , Zhang Xiaofeng
Published: November 2024

Direct formic acid fuel cells (DFAFCs) can directly convert chemical energy into electrical energy with high energy efficiency and low carbon and nitrogen oxide emissions.
Supramolecular and homogeneous electrocatalytic HER properties of new heteroleptic cyanoacetamide dithiolate-based Ni(ii) tertiary phosphanes: effect of co-ligand flexibility on electrocatalytic performance
Authors: Srivastava Shreya , Omoding Daniel , Kushwaha Aparna , Kociok-Köhn Gabriele , Ahmed Sarfaraz , Kumar Abhinav
Published: November 2024

Three heteroleptic cyanoacetamide dithiolate-based Ni(ii) tertiary phosphanes were synthesized and used as electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction.
Biological tissue-inspired cellulose nanocomposite hydrogels with synergistic rapid self-healing, enhanced mechanical performance, UV-blocking and antioxidant properties
Authors: You Zixuan , Sun Chenyi , Lin Wenyan , Liu Chengdong , Shi Huiping , Xu Yanlian , Lin Qi , Lu Beili , Huang Biao , Lv Jianhua , Lin Fengcai
Published: November 2024

A tissue-inspired cellulose nanocomposite hydrogel was prepared based on dynamic covalent chemistry, which realized the combination of rapid self-healing, pH sensitivity, UV-blocking, and antioxidative capability within a single structure.
In situ QXAFS study of CO and H2 adsorption on Pt in [PtAu8(PPh3)8]-H[PMo12O40] solid
Authors: Matsuyama Tomoki , Suzuki Taishi , Oba Yuto , Kikkawa Soichi , Uchida Sayaka , Ohyama Junya , Higashi Kotaro , Kaneko Takuma , Kato Kazuo , Nitta Kiyofumi , Uruga Tomoya , Hatada Keisuke , Yoshikawa Kazuki , Heilmaier Amelie , Suzuki Kosuke , Yonesato Kentaro , Yamaguchi Kazuya , Nakatani Naoki , Kawasoko Hideyuki , Yamazoe Seiji
Published: November 2024

H2 and CO adsorption/desorption properties of [PtAu8(PPh3)8]-H[PMo12O40] were studied and H2 was faster adsorbed on [PtAu8(PPh3)8] than through narrow channels than CO which involved [PtAu8(PPh3)8] structural isomerization.
Rational decoration of porous organic polymers with silver nanoparticles for strategic reduction of hazardous nitroaryl compounds
Authors: Kotp Mohammed G. , EL-Mahdy Ahmed F. M. , Kuo Shiao-Wei
Published: November 2024

We offer a rational study of simple synthesis of porous organic polymers which impregnate their own reducing sites of Ag+ into Ag nanoparticles at the meantime we utilized these nanocomposites for reducing hazardous pollutants.
Comparison of velocity field characteristics of gas invasion via viscous fingering and elastic fracturing in visco-elasto-plastic fluids
Authors: Jin Zhao , Hou Yixuan , Que Xinzhe , Zhou Yongchao , Zhang Yiping
Published: November 2024

We have experimentally investigated the velocity field characteristics of viscous fingering and elastic fracturing during gas invasion, and established quantitative indicators to distinguish between the two invasion patterns.
Self-supported N-doped carbon-coupled Ni–Co binary nanoparticle electrodes derived from bionic design of wood cell walls for durable overall water splitting
Authors: Yang Congcong , Jin Ruixi , Liu Zhihang , Li Shilei , Lv Dong , Liu Jingshuo , Li Jian , Lin Zhiqun , Gao Likun
Published: November 2024

The synergistic effect of hierarchically porous structures, advanced mass and charge transport abilities, and abundant active centers in self-supported carbonized wood electrodes is beneficial for boosting both the OER and HER.
Photon upconversion materials collection
Authors: Hemmer Eva , Kimizuka Nobuo , Marciniak Łukasz , Nienhaus Lea , Schmidt Timothy
Published: November 2024

Guest editors Eva Hemmer, Nobuo Kimizuka, Łukasz Marciniak, Lea Nienhaus and Timothy Schmidt introduce this Journal of Materials Chemistry C themed collection on photon upconversion materials.
RETRACTED: Sanitary and hygienic aspects in the operation of autonomous heat supply systems
Authors: Toropov Alexey
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: Changes in blood biochemical parameters during the implementation of adaptation processes in pigs under technological stress
Authors: Garskaya Natal`ya , Tresnitskiy Sergey , Garanovich Irina , Tresnitskiy Anatoliy
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: Evolving network systems through blockchain innovation for smart agriculture IoT networks
Authors: Nuriev Marat , Aygumov Timur , Zaripova Rimma , Nikolaeva Svetlana , Gumerova Guzel
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: Comparative analysis of languages and frameworks for web application development
Authors: Degtyareva Ksenia , Evsyukov Dmitry , Boyko Andrei , Kukartseva Svetlana , Poddubnyy Andrey
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: Experiments on pressing elastic-viscous products
Authors: Bahadirov Gayrat , Nabiev Ayder , Tsoy Gerasim
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: Machine learning as an integral part of the security strategy of production business processes
Authors: Ponamareva Svetlana , Zhukov Aleksandr , Skripachev Vladimir , Kartsan Igor
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: A comprehensive analysis of tramway system carrying capacity modeling
Authors: Krasnikova Irina
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: Development of monitoring of the stress-strain state of the Luzhniki stadium to ensure safe and reliable reconstruction for the 2018 FIFA World Cup
Authors: Farfel M. I. , Vdovenko A. I.
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: Management of current assets in the conditions of sustainable economic development
Authors: Klychova Guzaliya , Nizamutdinov Marat , Parfenova Kseniya , Oralbayeva Aizhan , Erkebulan Ydyrys , Mashayeva Ayagoz
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: Improvement of corporate governance mechanisms in digitization and systainable development
Authors: Kiriakova Marina , Gong Zikun , Kotov Pavel , Song Lin , Mikhailov Alexander
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: The role of digitalization of the banking sector in sustainable economic development
Authors: Kipkeeva Asiiat , Matyakubov Umidjon , Aminova Maksuda , Babajanov Javohir , Isakov Rasulbek
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: To increase the effectiveness of the mechanism for the implementation of the bank’s financial product
Authors: Grober Tatiana , Grober Oleg , Tsybenko Olga , Klimova Elena
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: Citizen safety and rights protection in emergencies: Legal insights
Authors: Arkhireyskaya Tatyana , Borisov Yan , Sokolova Anna , Sokolova Oksana
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: Impact of environmental factors in current industrial development
Authors: Jalilova Gulchekhra , Rasulova Nilufar , Mukhamedova Nigora , Kravchenko Lenara
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: The influence of the combination of physical and financial capital on the profitability of agricultural formations
Authors: Efremenko Innessa , Butkova Oksana
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: Recovery through breathing: The role of respiratory practices in the rehabilitation of students after COVID19
Authors: Ryzhkin Nikolay , Tumasyan Tatiana , Brovashova Olga , Stepicheva Natalia
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: Formation of psychologically stable and socially responsible behavior of students in the educational space of the university
Authors: Kosyakova Yana , Sagiryants Elena , Meteiko Valeriia , Karimjva Zulfiya
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: The essence of the digital economy and the problems of its formation and development
Authors: Alekseeva Marina , Kanyuk Yulia , Osipova Yulia , Filimonova Elena
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: Prospects for using velomobiles: Operating experience in urban environment
Authors: Medvedev Alexander
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: Psychological and pedagogical technologies for the students’ sustainable behavior development
Authors: Dolgova Valentina , Kondratyeva Olga , Kapitanets Elena , Potapov Andrey
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: Enhancing environmental education for individuals with health limitations
Authors: Popov Vitaly , Musika Oksana , Kobysheva Larisa
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: Vocational education ecosystem: Its role in the development of a sustainable career
Authors: Flek Mikhail , Ugnich Ekaterina
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: Psychological and pedagogical support for children in a children's health camp
Authors: Panasenko Anastasia , Panasenko Natalia , Simorin Aleksey
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: Formation of a competitive specialist based on the introduction of a competence-based approach in education
Authors: Vartanova Natalia , Kuzminova Irina , Lin Lan
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: Small business development in the field of agriculture: Government support
Authors: Agafonova Tatiana , Spektor Lyudmila
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001
RETRACTED: The comprehensive assessment of the availability of unique resources and competencies of participants in the innovation ecosystem
Authors: Kirillova Elena
Published: November 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 138, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413800001