bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multiple cryoinjuries modulate the efficiency of zebrafish heart regeneration
Authors: Bise Thomas , Sallin Pauline , Pfefferli Catherine , Jaźwińska Anna
Published: July 2020

Zebrafish can regenerate their damaged hearts throughout their lifespan. It is, however, unknown, whether regeneration remains effective when challenged with successive cycles of cardiac damage in the same animals. Here, we assessed ventricular restoration after two, three and six cryoinjuries interspaced by recovery periods. Using transgenic cell-lineage tracing analysis, we demonstrated that the second cryoinjury damages the regenerated area from the preceding injury, validating the experimental approach. We identified that after multiple cryoinjuries, all hearts regrow a thickened myocardium, similarly to hearts after one cryoinjury. However, the efficiency of scar resorption decreased with the number of repeated cryoinjuries. After six cryoinjuries, all examined hearts failed to completely resolve the fibrotic tissue, demonstrating reduced myocardial restoration. This phenotype was associated with enhanced recruitment of neutrophils and decreased cardiomyocyte proliferation and dedifferentiation at the early regenerative phase. Furthermore, we found that each repeated cryoinjury increased the accumulation of collagen at the injury site. Our analysis demonstrates that the cardiac regenerative program can be successfully activated many times, despite a persisting scar in the wounded area. This finding provides a new perspective for regenerative therapies, aiming in stimulation of organ regeneration in the presence of fibrotic tissue in mammalian models and humans.
Functionalization and antimicrobial evaluation of ampicillin, penicillin and vancomycin with Pyrenacantha grandiflora Baill and silver nanoparticles
Authors: Murei Arinao , Ayinde Wasiu B. , Gitari Mugera W. , Samie Amidou
Published: July 2020

Some antibiotics have lost their efficacy over common infections and this has led to the search for new antibiotics and chemically altering existing ones for a better control of infectious diseases. In the present study, Pyrenacantha grandiflora tubers extracts were conjugated with ampicillin, penicillin, vancomycin and silver nanoparticles and their antimicrobial activity was evaluated against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella Pneumoniae. The reactions were confirmed by formation of new functional groups that were identified by Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined using the microdilution assay. Minimum bactericidal concentrations and the fractional inhibition concentration index were also determined. FTIR analysis indicated different functional group associated with conjugation. The activity of ampicillin was improved when conjugated with silver nanoparticles against K. pneumonia and E. coli. Vancomycin showed improvement of activity when conjugated to silver nanoparticles against K. pneumonia. Penicillin was improved by acetone extracts and vancomycin showed to be more effective when conjugated with silver nanoparticles and water extracts. The conjugation of P. grandiflora with penicillin, ampicillin and vancomycin in the presence of silver nanoparticles improved their biological activities. Therefore, the conjugates are medicinally important and can be used to improve the activity of existing antibiotics.
Comparison of single- and multi-trait approaches to identify best wild candidates for aquaculture shows that the simple way fails
Authors: Toomey Lola , Lecocq Thomas , Bokor Zoltán , Espinat Laurent , Ferincz Árpád , Goulon Chloé , Vesala Sami , Baratçabal Margot , Barry Mamadou-Diouhe , Gouret Mélanie , Gouron Camille , Staszny Ádám , Mauduit Emilie , Mean Vicheka , Muller Iris , Schlick Nicolas , Speder Kévin , Thumerel Romain , Piatti Clémentine , Pasquet Alain , Fontaine Pascal
Published: July 2020

In agriculture, diversifying production implies picking up, in the wild biodiversity, species or populations that can be domesticated and fruitfully produced. Two alternative approaches are available to highlight wild candidate(s) with high suitability for aquaculture: the single-trait (i.e. considering a single phenotypic trait and, thus, a single biological function) and multi-trait (i.e. considering multiple phenotypic traits involved in several biological functions) approaches. Although the former is the traditional and the simplest method, the latter could be theoretically more efficient. However, an explicit comparison of advantages and pitfalls between these approaches is lacking to date in aquaculture. Here, we compared the two approaches to identify best candidate(s) between four wild allopatric populations of Perca fluviatilis in standardised aquaculture conditions. Our results showed that the single-trait approach can (1) miss key divergences between populations and (2) highlight different best candidate(s) depending on the trait considered. In contrast, the multi-trait approach allowed identifying the population with the highest domestication potential thanks to several congruent lines of evidence. Nevertheless, such an integrative assessment is achieved with a far more time-consuming and expensive study. Therefore, improvements and rationalisations will be needed to make the multi-trait approach a promising way in the aquaculture development.
Photon fluence and dose estimation in computed tomography using a discrete ordinates Boltzmann solver
Authors: Norris Edward T. , Liu Xin
Published: July 2020

In this study, cone-beam single projection and axial CT scans are modeled with a software package—DOCTORS, which solves the linear Boltzmann equation using the discrete ordinates method. Phantoms include a uniform 35 cm diameter water cylinder and a non-uniform abdomen phantom. Series simulations were performed with different simulation parameters, including the number of quadrature angles, the order of Legendre polynomial expansions, and coarse and fine mesh grid. Monte Carlo simulations were also performed to benchmark DOCTORS simulations. A quantitative comparison was made between the simulation results obtained using DOCTORS and Monte Carlo methods. The deterministic simulation was in good agreement with the Monte Carlo simulation on dose estimation, with a root-mean-square-deviation difference of around 2.87%. It was found that the contribution of uncollided photon fluence directly from the source dominates the local absorbed dose in the diagnostic X-ray energy range. The uncollided photon fluence can be calculated accurately using a ‘ray-tracing’ algorithm. The accuracy of collided photon fluence estimation is largely affected by the pre-calculated multigroup cross-sections. The primary benefit of DOCTORS lies in its rapid computation speed. Using DOCTORS, parallel computing with GPU enables the cone-beam CT dose estimation nearly in real-time.
Characterizing transition-metal dichalcogenide thin-films using hyperspectral imaging and machine learning
Authors: Shevitski Brian , Chen Christopher T. , Kastl Christoph , Kuykendall Tevye , Schwartzberg Adam , Aloni Shaul , Zettl Alex
Published: July 2020

Atomically thin polycrystalline transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are relevant to both fundamental science investigation and applications. TMD thin-films present uniquely difficult challenges to effective nanoscale crystalline characterization. Here we present a method to quickly characterize the nanocrystalline grain structure and texture of monolayer WS2 films using scanning nanobeam electron diffraction coupled with multivariate statistical analysis of the resulting data. Our analysis pipeline is highly generalizable and is a useful alternative to the time consuming, complex, and system-dependent methodology traditionally used to analyze spatially resolved electron diffraction measurements.
Novel theoretical approach to the GISAXS issue: the Green function formalism using the q-Eigenwaves propagating through a twofold rough-surfaced medium
Authors: Chukhovskii F. N. , Roshchin B. S.
Published: July 2020

To describe the 1D and 2D patterns of the grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS) from a rough fractal surface, the novel integral equations for the amplitudes of reflected and transmitted waves are derived. To be specific, the analytical expression for the 2D total intensity distribution $$\frac{{dR_{tot} \left( {\theta ,\phi ;\theta_{0} } \right)}}{d\Omega }$$dRtotθ,ϕ;θ0dΩ is obtained. The latter represents by itself a superposition of terms related to the GISAXS specular $$\frac{{dR_{spec} \left( {\theta ;\theta_{0} } \right)}}{d\Omega }$$dRspecθ;θ0dΩ and diffuse $$\frac{{dR_{dif} \left( {\theta ,\phi ;\theta_{0} } \right)}}{d\Omega }$$dRdifθ,ϕ;θ0dΩ patterns, respectively. Hereafter, $$\theta$$θ is the scattering meridian angle, $$\phi$$ϕ is the scattering azimuth angle; $$\theta_{0}$$θ0 is the angle of incidence. By using the above analytical expressions, the 1D and 2D GISAXS patterns are numerically calculated. Some new experimental measurements of the specular reflectivity curves Rspec($$\theta_{0}$$θ0) related to the fused quartz and crystal Si(111) samples have been carried out. Based on the theoretical approach developed, a direct least-squared procedure in a χ2-fit fashion has been used to determine the corresponding values of the root-mean-square roughness σ from the specular GISAXS reflectivity data.
LncRNA RP11-86H7.1 promotes airway inflammation induced by TRAPM2.5 by acting as a ceRNA of miRNA-9-5p to regulate NFKB1 in HBECS
Authors: Zhao Jun , Pu Jinding , Hao Binwei , Huang Lingmei , Chen Jinglong , Hong Wei , Zhou Yumin , Li Bing , Ran Pixin
Published: July 2020

Traffic-related air pollution particulate matter 2.5 (TRAPM2.5), is involved in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which is characterized by airway inflammation. Specifically, these harmful particles or gases can increase chronic airway inflammation. Some recent studies have shown that lncRNAs are closely related to COPD and participate in the regulation of airway inflammation. However, the precise mechanisms remain unknown. In the present study, we investigated the effect of TRAPM2.5 on airway inflammation in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) and the underlying mechanisms mediated by a lncRNA. After exposure to TRAPM2.5, the novel lncRNA RP11-86H7.1 was markedly upregulated in HBECs. Functional assays indicated that the lncRNA RP11-86H7.1 was required for the TRAPM2.5-induced expression of inflammatory factors in HBECs. A mechanistic study demonstrated that lncRNA RP11-86H7.1 might participate in TRAPM2.5-induced inflammatory responses by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway. Moreover, the lncRNA RP11-86H7.1 can promote the inflammatory response by acting as a competing endogenous RNA of miR-9-5p, reversing the inhibitory effect of its target gene NFKB1, and sustaining NF-κB activation. In summary, our study elucidates the pro-inflammatory roles of the lncRNA RP11-86H7.1–miR-9-5p–NFKB1 regulatory network in airway inflammation induced by TRAPM2.5 and indicates that the components of this network might serve as novel diagnostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets.
Characterization of non-linear mechanical behavior of the cornea
Authors: Ashofteh Yazdi A. , Melchor J. , Torres J. , Faris I. , Callejas A. , Gonzalez-Andrades M. , Rus G.
Published: July 2020

The objective of this study was to evaluate which hyperelastic model could best describe the non-linear mechanical behavior of the cornea, in order to characterize the capability of the non-linear model parameters to discriminate structural changes in a damaged cornea. Porcine corneas were used, establishing two different groups: control (non-treated) and NaOH-treated (damaged) corneas (n = 8). NaOH causes a chemical burn to the corneal tissue, simulating a disease associated to structural damage of the stromal layer. Quasi-static uniaxial tensile tests were performed in nasal-temporal direction immediately after preparing corneal strips from the two groups. Three non-linear hyperelastic models (i.e. Hamilton-Zabolotskaya model, Ogden model and Mooney-Rivlin model) were fitted to the stress–strain curves obtained in the tensile tests and statistically compared. The corneas from the two groups showed a non-linear mechanical behavior that was best described by the Hamilton-Zabolotskaya model, obtaining the highest coefficient of determination (R2 > 0.95). Moreover, Hamilton-Zabolotskaya model showed the highest discriminative capability of the non-linear model parameter (Parameter A) for the tissue structural changes between the two sample groups (p = 0.0005). The present work determines the best hyperelastic model with the highest discriminative capability in description of the non-linear mechanical behavior of the cornea.
Involved microRNAs in alternative polyadenylation intervene in breast cancer via regulation of cleavage factor “CFIm25”
Authors: Tamaddon Mona , Shokri Gelareh , Hosseini Rad Seyed Mohammad Ali , Rad Iman , Emami Razavi Àmirnader , Kouhkan Fatemeh
Published: July 2020

Cleavage factor “CFIm25”, as a key repressor at proximal poly (A) site, negatively correlates to cell proliferation and tumorigenicity in various cancers. Hence, understanding CFIm25 mechanism of action in breast cancer would be a great benefit. To this aim four steps were designed. First, potential miRNAs that target 3′-UTR of CFIm25 mRNA, retrieved from Targetscan web server. Second, screened miRNAs were profiled in 100 breast cancer and 100 normal adjacent samples. Third, miRNAs that their expression was inversely correlated to the CFIm25, overexpressed in MDA-MB-231 cell line, and their effect on proliferation and migration monitored via MTT and wound healing assays, respectively. Fourth, interaction of miRNAs of interest with 3′-UTR of CFIm25 confirmed via luciferase assay and western blot. Our results indicate that CFIm25 considerably down-regulates in human breast cancer tissue. qRT-PCR assay, luciferase test, and western blotting confirm that CFIm25 itself could be directly regulated by oncomiRs such as miR-23, -24, -27, -135, -182 and -374. Besides, according to MTT and wound healing assays of cell lines, CFIm25 knockdown intensifies cell growth, proliferation and migration. Our results also confirm indirect impact of CFIm25 on regulation of mRNA’s 3′–UTR length, which then control corresponding miRNAs’ action. miRNAs directly control CFIm25 expression level, which then tunes expression of the oncogenes and tumor proliferation. Therefore, regulation of CFIm25 expression level via miRNAs is expected to improve treatment responses in breast cancer.
Autonomic nervous system changes detected with peripheral sensors in the setting of epileptic seizures
Authors: Vieluf Solveig , Reinsberger Claus , El Atrache Rima , Jackson Michele , Schubach Sarah , Ufongene Claire , Loddenkemper Tobias , Meisel Christian
Published: July 2020

A better understanding of the early detection of seizures is highly desirable as identification of an impending seizure may afford improved treatments, such as antiepileptic drug chronotherapy, or timely warning to patients. While epileptic seizures are known to often manifest also with autonomic nervous system (ANS) changes, it is not clear whether ANS markers, if recorded from a wearable device, are also informative about an impending seizure with statistically significant sensitivity and specificity. Using statistical testing with seizure surrogate data and a unique dataset of continuously recorded multi-day wristband data including electrodermal activity (EDA), temperature (TEMP) and heart rate (HR) from 66 people with epilepsy (9.9 ± 5.8 years; 27 females; 161 seizures) we investigated differences between inter- and preictal periods in terms of mean, variance, and entropy of these signals. We found that signal mean and variance do not differentiate between inter- and preictal periods in a statistically meaningful way. EDA signal entropy was found to be increased prior to seizures in a small subset of patients. Findings may provide novel insights into the pathophysiology of epileptic seizures with respect to ANS function, and, while further validation and investigation of potential causes of the observed changes are needed, indicate that epilepsy-related state changes may be detectable using peripheral wearable devices. Detection of such changes with wearable devices may be more feasible for everyday monitoring than utilizing an electroencephalogram.
Structure-based design of gRNA for Cas13
Authors: Bandaru Srinivas , Tsuji Mika Higashide , Shimizu Yurika , Usami Kaya , Lee Suni , Takei Naoko Kumagai , Yoshitome Kei , Nishimura Yasumitsu , Otsuki Takemi , Ito Tatsuo
Published: July 2020

Cas13 endonuclease activity depends on the RNA local secondary structure with strong preference for single-stranded (SS) regions. Hence, it becomes indispensable to identify the SS regions for effective Cas13 mediated RNA knockdown. We herein present rational gRNA design by integrating experimental structure-seq data and predicted structural models. Utilizing structure-seq data for XIST transcript, we observed that gRNAs targeting the SS regions significantly induce transcript knockdown and cleavage than those targeting double-stranded (DS) regions. Further, we identified the “central seed region” in the gRNA that upon targeting the SS regions efficiently facilitates Cas13 mediated cleavage. In our following pursuits, we considered the scenario wherein experimental structure-seq data is not available, hence we used SS18-SSX2 fusion transcript indicated in synovial sarcomas and computationally predicted its structure. We observed that gRNAs targeting the SS regions predicted from the structure, efficiently induced necrosis compared to gRNAs that target the DS regions. In conclusion, for the effective RNA knockdown, the Cas13 mediated targeting strategy presented herein emphasizes the designing of gRNAs specifically targeting SS regions by utilizing structural information. Further, this strategy, in turn, can be anticipated to narrow the search space for gRNA design (by exclusively targeting SS regions) especially when lncRNAs are the targets.
The effect of epinephrine on the perfusion index during ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Kim Doyeon , Jeong Ji Seon , Park Min Jong , Ko Justin Sangwook
Published: July 2020

The perfusion index (PI) is an objective tool used to assess a successful nerve block. Epinephrine is a widely used adjuvant to local anesthetics, and it may affect PI values because of the vasoconstrictive property. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of epinephrine on PI as an indicator of a successful block in ultrasound-guided supraclavicular brachial plexus block (SCBPB). In this randomized controlled trial, 82 adult patients underwent upper limb surgery under SCBPB were recruited between July 2018 and March 2019 in a single tertiary care center. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups: non-epinephrine group (n = 41) or epinephrine group (5 mcg ml−1, n = 41). The primary outcome was the comparison of the “PI ratio 10,” which was defined as the ratio of the PI 10 to the baseline. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to determine the accuracy of the PI in predicting the block success at each time interval. The PI ratio 10 was 2.7 (1.9–4.0) in non-epinephrine group and 3.3 (2.2–4.4) in epinephrine group (median difference: 0.4; 95% confidence interval [CI] − 1.1 to 0.2; P = 0.207). The ROC curves compared without group identification were not significantly different over time. The cut-off value for the PI and PI ratio at 5 min (PI ratio 5) were 7.7 (area under the ROC [AUROC]: 0.89, 95% CI 0.83–0.94) and 1.6 (AUROC: 0.94, 95% CI 0.90–0.98), respectively. The perineural epinephrine did not affect the PI following a SCBPB. The PI ratio 5 > 1.6 might be considered as a relatively accurate predictor of a successful SCBPB.

Trial registration: This study was registered at the Clinical Trial Registry of Korea (https://cris.nih.go.kr. CriS No. KCT0003006).
PiDose: an open-source system for accurate and automated oral drug administration to group-housed mice
Authors: Woodard Cameron L. , Nasrallah Wissam B. , Samiei Bahram V. , Murphy Timothy H. , Raymond Lynn A.
Published: July 2020

Drug treatment studies in laboratory mice typically employ manual administration methods such as injection or gavage, which can be time-consuming to perform over long periods and cause substantial stress in animals. These stress responses may mask or enhance treatment effects, increasing the risk of false positive or negative results and decreasing reliability. To address the lack of an automated method for drug treatment in group-housed mice, we have developed PiDose, a home-cage attached device that weighs individual animals and administers a daily dosage of drug solution based on each animal’s bodyweight through their drinking water. Group housed mice are identified through the use of RFID tagging and receive both regular water and drug solution drops by licking at a spout within the PiDose module. This system allows animals to be treated over long periods (weeks to months) in a fully automated fashion, with high accuracy and minimal experimenter interaction. PiDose is low-cost and fully open-source and should prove useful for researchers in both translational and basic research.
Optimization of sperm RNA processing for developmental research
Authors: Pang Won-Ki , Kang Saehan , Ryu Do-Yeal , Rahman Md Saidur , Park Yoo-Jin , Pang Myung-Geol
Published: July 2020

Recent studies have demonstrated the significance of sperm RNA function as a transporter of important information directing the course of life. To determine the message contained in sperm RNA, it is necessary to optimize transcriptomic research tools. The current study was performed to optimize the processing of sperm RNA from sample storage to quantitative real-time PCR and assess the corresponding method with to evaluate male fertility and its representative markers, equatorin (EQTN) and peroxiredoxin (PRDX). Following successive steps of the Minimum Information for Publication of Quantitative Real-Time PCR Experiments guidelines, several options were compared using boar spermatozoa. To evaluate the optimized procedures, the relationship between mRNA expression of EQTN and PRDX in spermatozoa and the fertility (litter size) of 20 individual boars was assessed. Unexpectedly, DNase treatment during RNA isolation had the deleterious effect by decreasing the RNA concentration by 56% and eliminating the correlation between EQTN and PRDX4 mRNA expression and male fertility. Moreover, when sperm RNA was processed using the corresponding method, the results showed the highest exon sequence expression, male fertility prediction power, and consistency. This optimized protocol for predicting male fertility can be used to study the transport of messages directing the life course from spermatozoon to offspring.
High resolution MRI for quantitative assessment of inferior alveolar nerve impairment in course of mandible fractures: an imaging feasibility study
Authors: Burian Egon , Sollmann Nico , Ritschl Lucas M. , Palla Benjamin , Maier Lisa , Zimmer Claus , Probst Florian , Fichter Andreas , Miloro Michael , Probst Monika
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this study was to evaluate a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol for direct visualization of the inferior alveolar nerve in the setting of mandibular fractures. Fifteen patients suffering from unilateral mandible fractures involving the inferior alveolar nerve (15 affected IAN and 15 unaffected IAN from contralateral side) were examined on a 3 T scanner (Elition, Philips Healthcare, Best, the Netherlands) and compared with 15 healthy volunteers (30 IAN in total). The sequence protocol consisted of a 3D STIR, 3D DESS and 3D T1 FFE sequence. Apparent nerve-muscle contrast-to-noise ratio (aNMCNR), apparent signal-to-noise ratio (aSNR), nerve diameter and fracture dislocation were evaluated by two radiologists and correlated with nerve impairment. Furthermore, dislocation as depicted by MRI was compared to computed tomography (CT) images. Patients with clinically evident nerve impairment showed a significant increase of aNMCNR, aSNR and nerve diameter compared to healthy controls and to the contralateral side (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the T1 FFE sequence allowed dislocation depiction comparable to CT. This prospective study provides a rapid imaging protocol using the 3D STIR and 3D T1 FFE sequence that can directly assess both mandible fractures and IAN damage. In patients with hypoesthesia following mandibular fractures, increased aNMCNR, aSNR and nerve diameter on MRI imaging may help identify patients with a risk of prolonged or permanent hypoesthesia at an early time.
MALDI-MSI spatially maps N-glycan alterations to histologically distinct pulmonary pathologies following irradiation
Authors: Carter Claire L. , Parker George A. , Hankey Kim G. , Farese Ann M. , MacVittie Thomas J. , Kane Maureen A.
Published: July 2020

Radiation-induced lung injury is a highly complex combination of pathological alterations that develop over time and severity of disease development is dose-dependent. Following exposures to lethal doses of irradiation, morbidity and mortality can occur due to a combination of edema, pneumonitis and fibrosis. Protein glycosylation has essential roles in a plethora of biological and immunological processes. Alterations in glycosylation profiles have been detected in diseases ranging from infection, inflammation and cancer. We utilized mass spectrometry imaging to spatially map N-glycans to distinct pathological alterations during the clinically latent period and at 180 days post-exposure to irradiation. Results identified alterations in a number of high mannose, hybrid and complex N-glycans that were localized to regions of mucus and alveolar-bronchiolar hyperplasia, proliferations of type 2 epithelial cells, accumulations of macrophages, edema and fibrosis. The glycosylation profiles indicate most alterations occur prior to the onset of clinical symptoms as a result of pathological manifestations. Alterations in five N-glycans were identified as a function of time post-exposure. Understanding the functional roles N-glycans play in the development of these pathologies, particularly in the accumulation of macrophages and their phenotype, may lead to new therapeutic avenues for the treatment of radiation-induced lung injury.
Isolation and identification of induced systemic resistance determinants from Bacillus simplex Sneb545 against Heterodera glycines
Authors: Xing Zhifu , Wu Xiaojing , Zhao Jing , Zhao Xuebing , Zhu Xiaofeng , Wang Yuanyuan , Fan Haiyan , Chen Lijie , Liu Xiaoyu , Duan Yuxi
Published: July 2020

Heterodera glycines is one of the most destructive pathogens of soybean. Soybean seeds coated with Bacillus simplex Sneb545 have shown resistance to H. glycines as a result of induced systemic resistance (ISR) in the plants. In this study, we aimed to identify the resistance-inducing determinants from this B. simplex strain. Combining the ISR bioassay, six ISR-active compounds were isolated from a culture of B. simplex Sneb545 using organic solvent gradient extraction, silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and all systems were based on activity tracking. The compounds were determined as cyclic(Pro-Tyr), cyclic(Val-Pro), cyclic(Leu-Pro), uracil, phenylalanine, and tryptophan using 1H NMR and 13C NMR. In plants from seeds coated with Bacillus simplex Sneb545, these six ISR-active compounds delayed the development of H. glycines in soybean roots. Moreover, cyclic(Pro-Tyr), cyclic(Val-Pro), and tryptophan reduced the number of nematodes in soybean roots. The expression levels of defense-related genes with cyclic(Val-Pro), tryptophan and uracil treatment soybean analysed using Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The results indicate cyclic(Val-Pro), tryptophan and uracil induced the expression of defense-related genes involved in the SA- and JA-pathways to against H. glycines. Our research results provide new agents for the control of H. glycines.
pH/redox sequentially responsive nanoparticles with size shrinkage properties achieve deep tumor penetration and reversal of multidrug resistance
Authors: Feng Wanting , Zong Mingzhu , Wan Li , Yu Xiaojuan , Yu Weiyong
Published: July 2020

pH/redox sequentially responsive nanoparticles with size shrinkage properties achieve deep tumor penetration and reversal of multidrug resistance.
CO2hydrogenation using bifunctional catalysts based on K-promoted iron oxide and zeolite: influence of the zeolite structure and crystal size
Authors: García-Hurtado Elisa , Rodríguez-Fernández Aída , Moliner Manuel , Martínez Cristina
Published: July 2020

The influence of the zeolite structure and crystal size on bifunctional tandem catalysts combining K-promoted iron oxide (K/Fe3O4) with different zeolites has been studied for the CO2hydrogenation reaction at 320 °C and 25 bar.
Total oxidation of methane over Pd/Al2O3 at pressures from 1 to 10 atm
Authors: Florén Carl-Robert , Demirci Cansunur , Carlsson Per-Anders , Creaser Derek , Skoglundh Magnus
Published: July 2020

The kinetics of total methane oxidation over a 0.15 wt% Pd/Al2O3 monolith catalyst has been measured during temperature programmed methane oxidation experiments at total pressures from 1 to 10 atm and compared with multiscale simulations.
Substrate hydrophobicity and enzyme modifiers play a major role in the activity of lipase fromThermomyces lanuginosus
Authors: Noro Jennifer , Castro Tarsila G. , Cavaco-Paulo Artur , Silva Carla
Published: July 2020

Lipase fromThermomyces lanuginosusdisplays high affinity for long-chain substrates. The chemical modification of this lipase with isothiocyanates and aldehydes was explored to broadening its specificity to chain-length differentiated substrates.
Manipulating the regioselectivity of a Solanum lycopersicum epoxide hydrolase for the enantioconvergent synthesis of enantiopure alkane- and alkene-1,2-diols
Authors: Hu Bochun , Hu Die , Zhang Dong , Wen Zheng , Zang Jia , Wu Minchen
Published: July 2020

This work engineered a superior double-site mutant SlEH1W106T/F189L used for the enantioconvergent biosynthesis of (R)-1b–6b with high eep values.
Self-assembly of a nonanuclear NiII cluster via atmospheric CO2 fixation: synthesis, structure, collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry and magnetic property
Authors: Tian Xue-Fei , Ji Bao-Qian , Feng Lei , Sheng Kai , Su Yan-Min , Jagodič Marko , Jagličić Zvonko , Tung Chen-Ho , Sun Di
Published: July 2020

The atmospheric CO2 was spontaneously fixed into a novel nonanuclear Ni(ii) cluster which has been easily and successfully constructed through a mixed-ligand approach.
Reconciling atmospheric water uptake by hydrate forming salts
Authors: Rosati Bernadette , Paul Andreas , Iversen Emil Mark , Massling Andreas , Bilde Merete
Published: July 2020

Magnesium and calcium chloride salts contribute to the global atmospheric aerosol burden via emission of sea spray and mineral dust.
A promising bioelectrochemical reactor integrating membrane distillation and microbial fuel cell for dual advantages of power generation and water recovery
Authors: Cao Thanh Ngoc-Dan , Chen Shiao-Shing , Chang Hau-Ming , Bui Thanh Xuan , Chien I-Chieh
Published: July 2020

Water recovery from wastewater was accomplished simultaneously with electrical energy production by the novel integration of distillation membrane and microbial fuel cell to create a system called membrane distillation microbial fuel cell.
Recombinant human lactoferrin attenuates the progression of hepatosteatosis and hepatocellular death by regulating iron and lipid homeostasis in ob/ob mice
Authors: Guo Chuang , Xue Han , Guo Tian , Zhang Wei , Xuan Wen-Qiang , Ren Yan-Tao , Wang Di , Chen Yan-Hong , Meng Yu-Han , Gao Hui-Ling , Zhao Pu
Published: July 2020

Lactoferrin was shown to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and exert modulatory effects on lipid homeostasis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, but our understanding of its regulatory mechanisms is limited and inconsistent.
Effects of soluble dietary fiber from soybean residue fermented byNeurospora crassaon the intestinal flora in rats
Authors: Yu Jingwen , Fu Yuxiang , Deng Zeyuan , Fan Yawei , Li Hongyan
Published: July 2020

In vitrofermentation and animal-based experiments were used to analyze the fermentation properties of SDF from fermented soybean residue (FSR) and its effects on the composition of intestinal flora of rats.
Fucose-modified thermoresponsive poly(2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate) nanoparticles for controlled doxorubicin release from an injectable depot
Authors: Yu Huayang , Rowley Jason V. , Green David C. , Thornton Paul D.
Published: July 2020

The modification of poly(2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate) with a single fucose group per polymer chain enabled macromolecular self-assembly, and the formation of thermoresponsive nanoparticles that could selectively release doxorubicin.
Three-dimensional rope-like and cloud-like nanofibrous scaffolds facilitating in-depth cell infiltration developed using a highly conductive electrospinning system
Authors: Li Ran , Deng Xiong , Liu Fei , Yang Yuan , Zhang Yu , Reddy Narendra , Liu Wanshuang , Qiu Yiping , Jiang Qiuran
Published: July 2020

A highly conductive 3D electrospinning technique capable of constructing rope-like or cloud-like nanofibrous scaffolds is established for in-depth cell infiltration and the mechanism is revealed.
Construction of a meroterpenoid-like compound collection by precursor-assisted biosynthesis
Authors: Ren Panlong , Miao Xinyu , Tang Ting , Wu Yueting , Wang Jing , Zeng Ying , Li Yun , Gao Kun , Yang Yan-Long
Published: July 2020

A meroterpenoid-like compound collection containing 43 compounds with twelve distinct scaffolds was constructed by precursor-assisted biosynthesis.
Binuclear aluminum Lewis acid and its behavior in the polymerization of methyl methacrylate and n-butyl acrylate
Authors: Wang Zhe , Zhang Xianhui , Liang Hongwen , Xian Mo , Wang Xiaowu
Published: July 2020

Bimetallic organoaluminum vs. monomeric organoaluminum in Lewis pair catalysed MMA and nBA polymerization.
Synthesis of fused conjugated polymers containing imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole units by multicomponent one-pot polymerization
Authors: Dong Ru , Chen Qi , Cai Xuediao , Zhang Qi , Liu Zhike
Published: July 2020

This work describes a method for synthesis of fused cyclic conjugated polymers possessing imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole units in the main chain by reaction of heteroclyclic diazoles, dialdehydes and terminal alkyne via multicomponent one-pot processes.
Sequence regulation in living anionic terpolymerization of styrene and two categories of 1,1-diphenylethylene (DPE) derivatives
Authors: Yang Lincan , Shen Heyu , Han Li , Ma Hongwei , Li Chao , Lei Lan , Zhang Songbo , Liu Pibo , Li Yang
Published: July 2020

In living anionic polymerization, gradient, block and random sequences of two categories of DPE derivatives were easily generated by implementing different feed strategies and screening the DPE derivative pairs with different reactivities.
Field-induced slow magnetic relaxation and luminescence thermometry in a mononuclear ytterbium complex
Authors: Fondo Matilde , Corredoira-Vázquez Julio , García-Deibe Ana M. , Sanmartín-Matalobos Jesús , Amoza Martín , Botas Alexandre M. P. , Ferreira Rute A. S. , Carlos Luís D. , Colacio Enrique
Published: July 2020

A mononuclear pentagonal bipyramidal YbIII complex functions as a field-induced SIM luminescent thermometer.
Discovery and characterization of four glycosyltransferases involved in anthraquinone glycoside biosynthesis in Rubia yunnanensis
Authors: Yi Shanyong , Kuang Tongdong , Miao Yuanyuan , Xu Yanqing , Wang Zhe , Dong Liao-Bin , Tan Ninghua
Published: July 2020

Four new glycosyltransferases, which were discovered from Rubia yunnanensis for mediating anthraquinone glycoside biosynthesis, were identified through the analysis of broad substrates, sugar promiscuous, and regioselective glycosylation.
Synthesis of pyrazolone fused benzodiazepines via Rh(iii)-catalyzed [4 + 3] annulation of 1-phenylpyrazolidinones with propargyl alcohols
Authors: Zhang Linghua , Xu Yuanshuang , Zhang Xiaopeng , Zhang Xinying , Fan Xuesen
Published: July 2020

An efficient synthesis of pyrazolone fused benzodiazepines through an unprecedented regioselective [4 + 3] annulation of 1-phenylpyrazolidinones with propargyl alcohols via Rh(iii)-catalyzed redox-neutral C–H/N–H/C–O bond activation is presented.
A mitochondrion-targeted dual-site fluorescent probe for the discriminative detection of SO32− and HSO3− in living HepG-2 cells
Authors: Deng Zhenmei , Li Fangzhao , Zhao Guomin , Yang Wenge , Hu Yonghong
Published: July 2020

Rational design and sensing mechanism of a dual-site fluorescence probe for HSO3− and SO32−.
Nitrogen-doped hollow carbon spheres with tunable shell thickness for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Zhang Dawei , Shen Shaodian , Xiao Xiuzhen , Mao Dongsen , Yan Baoman
Published: July 2020

Nitrogen-doped hollow carbon spheres (NHCSs) are well prepared by using Cu2O microspheres as a hard template and 3-aminophenol formaldehyde resin polymer as carbon and nitrogen precursors.
Preparation of low carbon olefins on a core–shell K–Fe5C2@ZSM-5 catalyst by Fischer–Tropsch synthesis
Authors: Liu Yang , Shao Wenli , Zheng Yi , Zhang Chenyang , Zhou Weixia , Zhang Xueqin , Liu Yongjun
Published: July 2020

In this study, a core–shell catalyst based on Fe5C2@ZSM-5 (ZSM-5 capped Fe5C2 as active phase) is prepared by the coating-carbonization method for Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS).
Unexpected bowing band evolution in an all-inorganic CsSn1−xPbxBr3perovskite
Authors: Xia Yufan , Chen Yuxuan , Luo Tian , Liang Hongyao , Gao Yujia , Xu Xin , Xie Weiguang , Liu Pengyi , Wang Xin , Zhao Yu-Jun , Shi Tingting
Published: July 2020

We theoretically investigated the structural and electronic properties of the all-inorganic perovskite CsSn1−xPbxBr3, compared with the mixed perovskite compound MAyCs1−ySn1−xPbxBr3, based on first-principle calculations.
Long-range ferromagnetic order in perovskite manganite La0.67Ba0.25Ca0.08Mn(1−x)TixO3 (x = 0.00, 0.05 and 0.10)
Authors: Bourguiba Marwa , Gdaiem Mohamed Amara , Chafra Moez , Hlil E. K.
Published: July 2020

In this study, we report the effects of Ti on the critical behavior of La0.67Ba0.25Ca0.08MnO3 samples prepared by the flux method.
Structural control of magnetite nanoparticles for hyperthermia by modification with organic polymers: effect of molecular weight
Authors: Miyazaki Toshiki , Tange Takayuki , Kawashita Masakazu , Jeyadevan Balachandran
Published: July 2020

Crystalline structure and magnetic properties of magnetite nanoparticles are highly governed by functional group and molecular weight of the added polymers.
A nickel-catalyzed tandem reaction involving cyclic esterification/C–S bond formation for synthesizing 5-oxa-11-thia-benzofluoren-6-ones
Authors: Cai Rongrong , Wei Qicai , Xu Runsheng
Published: July 2020

A nickel-catalyzed tandem reaction involving cyclic esterification/C–S bond formation has been developed.
A promising TNT alternative 3,3′-bi(1,2,4-oxadiazole)-5,5′-diylbis(methylene)dinitrate (BOM): thermal behaviors and eutectic characteristics
Authors: Yang Xiong , Zhou Jing , Xing Xiaoling , Huang Yafeng , Yan Zhengfeng , Xue Qi , Wang Xiaofeng , Wang Bozhou
Published: July 2020

3,3′-Bi(1,2,4-oxadiazole)-5,5′-diylbis(methylene)dinitrate (BOM) is a liquid phase carrier for melt cast explosives that is expected to replace TNT.
Controlled assembly of filamentous viruses into hierarchical nano- to microstructures at liquid/liquid interfaces
Authors: Tanaka Michihiro , Sawada Toshiki , Li Xiang , Serizawa Takeshi
Published: July 2020

Assembly of filamentous viruses into hierarchical nano- to microstructures in a controlled manner was demonstrated using the liquid/liquid interface.
Theoretical investigation of the reaction mechanisms and kinetics of CFCl2CH2O2 and ClO in the atmosphere
Authors: Zhang Yunju , He Bing
Published: July 2020

The reaction between CFCl2CH2O2 radicals and ClO was studied using the B3LYP and CCSD(T) methods associated with the 6-311++G(d,p) and cc-pVTZ basis sets, and subsequently RRKM-TST theory was used to predict the thermal rate constants and product distributions.
Targeting G-quadruplex DNA with synthetic dendritic peptide: modulation of the proliferation of human cancer cells
Authors: Biswas Soumi , Samui Satyabrata , Das Apurba K. , Pasadi Sanjeev , Muniyappa K. , Naskar Jishu
Published: July 2020

A synthetic dendritic peptide, targeting human telomeric G4 DNA, inhibits the telomerase and lessens the proliferation of human cancer cells.
Enhanced stability and ultrahigh activity of amorphous ripple nanostructured Ni-doped Fe oxyhydroxide electrode toward synergetic electrocatalytic water splitting
Authors: Mathi Selvam , Jayabharathi Jayaraman
Published: July 2020

The development of high-performance catalysts for oxygen-evolution reaction (OER) is paramount for cost-effective conversion of renewable electricity to fuels and chemicals.
1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide functionalized zeolites: nature of interactions and catalytic activity for carbohydrate conversion to platform chemicals
Authors: Yedla Santosh Kumar , Velaga Bharath , Choudhury Souradip , Namdeo Ashutosh , Golder Animes Kumar , Peela Nageswara Rao
Published: July 2020

In this study, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide ([BMIM]Br) functionalized zeolites were synthesized by a facile ship-in-bottle strategy and utilized for the carbohydrates conversion to platform chemicals (5-hydroxymethylfurfural and furfural).
Parameter optimisation for electrochemically activated MoTe2
Authors: McGlynn Jessica C. , Friskey Matthew , Ganin Alexey Y.
Published: July 2020

Revealing the optimal parameters responsible for a dramatic in operando reduction of the overpotential in a 2D metal chalcogenide electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction.
A data-driven computational scheme for the nonlinear mechanical properties of cellular mechanical metamaterials under large deformation
Authors: Xue Tianju , Beatson Alex , Chiaramonte Maurizio , Roeder Geoffrey , Ash Jordan T. , Menguc Yigit , Adriaenssens Sigrid , Adams Ryan P. , Mao Sheng
Published: July 2020

A novel computational scheme using neural networks is proposed to efficiently capture the nonlinear mechanics of soft metamaterials under large deformation.
Smoluchowski equations for linker-mediated irreversible aggregation
Authors: Tavares J. M. , Antunes G. C. , Dias C. S. , Telo da Gama M. M. , Araújo N. A. M.
Published: July 2020

An analytical solution of a generalized Smoluchowski equation for linker-mediated aggregation, validated by computer simulations, describes experimental results for the time evolution of clustering.
A photo-triggered hydrogel for bidirectional regulation with imaging visualization
Authors: Ma Teng , Sheng Shupei , Dong Xia , Zhang Yan , Li Xuemin , Zhu Dunwan , Lv Feng
Published: July 2020

The bidirectional intelligent regulation of a hydrogel was achieved by the switching of irradiation wavelength.
Intercalation materials for secondary batteries based on alkali metal exchange: developments and perspectives
Authors: Heubner Christian , Lein Tobias , Schneider Michael , Michaelis Alexander
Published: July 2020

This review highlights recent insights into and perspectives on intercalation materials for secondary batteries based on alkali-metal exchange techniques.
Can COFs replace MOFs in flue gas separation? high-throughput computational screening of COFs for CO2/N2 separation
Authors: Altundal Omer Faruk , Altintas Cigdem , Keskin Seda
Published: July 2020

Adsorption and membrane-based gas separation performances of 295 COFs are evaluated for CO2/N2 separation using high-throughput computational screening.
Doping-dependent negative dielectric permittivity realized in mono-phase antimony tin oxide ceramics
Authors: Fan Guohua , Wang Zhongyang , Sun Kai , Liu Yao , Fan Runhua
Published: July 2020

Negative permittivity was realized in antimony-doped tin oxide ceramics, which made the ceramics change from electric capacitive to inductive.
Broadband near-infrared emission of La3Ga5GeO14:Tb3+,Cr3+phosphors: energy transfer, persistent luminescence and application in NIR light-emitting diodes
Authors: Bai Biao , Dang Peipei , Zhu Zhongli , Lian Hongzhou , Lin Jun
Published: July 2020

A broadband near-infrared La3Ga5GeO14:Tb3+,Cr3+phosphor with high efficiency was achievedviadesign of energy transfer for NIR LEDs.
MEF2C and HDAC5 regulate Egr1 and Arc genes to increase dendritic spine density and complexity in early enriched environment
Authors: Puang Shu Juan , Elanggovan Bavani , Ching Tendy , Sng Judy C.G.
Published: July 2020

We investigated the effects of environmental enrichment during critical period of early postnatal life and how it interplays with the epigenome to affect experience-dependent visual cortical plasticity. Mice raised in an EE from birth to during CP have increased spine density and dendritic complexity in the visual cortex. EE upregulates synaptic plasticity genes, Arc and Egr1, and a transcription factor MEF2C. We also observed an increase in MEF2C binding to the promoters of Arc and Egr1. In addition, pups raised in EE show a reduction in HDAC5 and its binding to promoters of Mef2c, Arc and Egr1 genes. With an overexpression of Mef2c, neurite outgrowth increased in complexity. Our results suggest a possible underlying molecular mechanism of EE, acting through MEF2C and HDAC5, which drive Arc and Egr1. This could lead to the observed increased dendritic spine density and complexity induced by early EE.
Effects of Attentional Focus on Speech Motor Control in Adults Who Stutter and Its Relationship to Social Stress: A Pilot Project
Authors: Bauerly Kim R. , Mefferd Antje
Published: July 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this pilot study was to assess speech motor variability in adults who stutter (AWS) compared to adults who do not stutter (ANS) when speaking under different attention focus condition with and without social stress. We also aimed to verify procedures and methods for eliciting social stress prior to the recruitment of a larger sample size.

Method

Three AWS (aged 24–32 years) and five ANS (aged 19–49 years) completed the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (Speilberger et al., 1983), the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (Mattick & Clark, 1998), and the Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation (Leary, 1983). Participants were required to repeat sentences under internal and external attentional focus conditions as well as in front of an audience. Objective measures of social stress were obtained by measuring skin conductance levels (SCL), an index of sympathetic nervous system activity, before and during an audience condition. Measures of posterior tongue variability were used as a measure of articulatory coordination.

Results

Descriptive analysis revealed some of the AWS self-reported higher scores on tests of anxiety. SCL increased from baseline to social stress conditions in both AWS and ANS, supporting the use of this procedure for eliciting feelings of social stress. AWS showed higher levels of SCL compared to ANS during both baseline and social stress conditions. Descriptive analysis indicated notable between-groups differences for posterior tongue variability during attention focus and social stress conditions.

Conclusions

Our findings offer preliminary insights into the role attention may play as a contributing factor to the effects of social stress on speech motor control. Although individual response patterns varied, findings can be used to make inferences about the role of attention on speech motor control in AWS and ANS.