bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of stretching exercises on blood gluocse levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a brief review
Authors: Manisha Tanwar  , Sikka Gitanjali , Jain Deepak
Published: April 2023

Diabetes has become worldwide pandemic. Among the diabetic population 90-95% patients have type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The development of T2DM can be slowed down by modification in lifestyle through physical activities such as brisk walking, physical body movement and adopting proper balanced diet. Various physical exercises such as aerobic exercises, resistance exercises, high intensity interval training performed regularly can help with management of blood glucose level, lipid profile, blood pressure, quality of life and cardiovascular complications. Geriatric patients with type 2 diabetes are either extremely frail, wheelchair bound, or bed bound and do not have sufficient physical work capacity to exercise aerobically and with high resistance. Static stretching of the skeletal muscles accrues the benefits of exercise without its accompanying physical stress as in case of aerobic exercise and resisted exercises. Several studies have shown that stretching helps in lowering the blood glucose level in patients with T2DM immediately after the intervention. Till date there are no definitive guidelines are present for stretching exercises as treatment protocol for reduction of blood glucose level and HbA1c level in patients with T2DM. In order to establish a definitive stretching protocol in patients with T2DM and for individual based exercise to be decided further research needs to be conducted.
Vitamin D levels in relation to bariatric surgery: a single center experience
Authors: Husain Alaradi
Published: April 2023

Background: Bariatric surgery has become a major component of the treatment of obesity and obesity related illnesses such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidemia. However, bariatric surgeries have been linked to some disturbances in the overall micronutrient profile in the post-operative period. In obese patients, visceral fat, is most closely related to the development of metabolic syndrome (MS). In this respect, vitamin D is of major importance, since numerous studies have shown that it can impact the prevention of MS, immune diseases and some cancers. Furthermore, given its inverse association with adiposity, high rates of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) have been found in obese patients, including those with morbid obesity who are candidates for bariatric surgery.
Methods: A cross sectional study design was carried out after obtaining the required ethical approval. The surgery register was scanned for all bariatric procedures done from January 2018 till December 2018. Data were retrieved about each case through ISEHA labs, progress notes, medications summary, radiological images. Files were retrieved from the filing department for cases who were admitted to the surgical HDU or ICU (as they still use paper documentation). All data were compiled into a detailed excel sheet.
Results: The total number of included patients was 232, with a mean age of 41.3. The majority of patients underwent laparoscopic Roux-En-Y bypass (67.2%), while laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy was done in 32.8% of patients. As expected, mean body mass index (BMI) dropped down from (46.3 to 35.1). The striking result noted was the percentage of patients who had vitamin D deficiency pre bariatric surgery (44 patients, 19%). This percentage has increased up to (73 patients, 31.4%) post bariatric surgery at 12 months follow up.
Conclusions: Bariatric surgery is linked to increased incidence of vitamin D deficiency post operatively. Vitamin D level close monitoring in peri-operative management of bariatric patients is recommended to avoid potential complications.
Closure of peritoneal in inguinal hernia transabdominal preperitoneal by intracorporeal suturing versus tackers
Authors: Vinod Kumar Singhal  , Faris Dawood Alaswad  , Varsha Ojha  , Vidher Varsha Vinod Singhal
Published: April 2023

Background: Hernia surgeries are among the most frequently carried out surgical procedures. Minimal recurrence rates, great patient comfort, rapid return to work, and low cost should all be characteristics of the optimal hernia treatment method. Objective of this study was to investigate whether tacker and suture materials used for peritoneal closure after mesh placement in the laparoscopic TAPP inguinal hernia repair technique.
Methods: Present study is a retrospective, observational & comparative study conducted in Department of General Surgery in a tertiary care hospital from January 2021 to December 2021. Institutional ethical committee clearance was obtained. Patient identity was kept confidential. According to the type of peritoneal closure, patients were separated into two groups: group S (which underwent closure with sutures) and group T (which received closure with tackers) 48 and 52 during the study period. SPSS was used for analysis.
Results: The study was male preponderance comprising 94% of study participants, while the most common age group was found to be 61-70 years in both groups S and T (32%). most patients in the suture fixation group (39%) had left-sided hernias, but right-sided hernias (40%) were more typical in the tacker fixation group.
Conclusions: Our research revealed no differences between the two peritoneal closure approaches in terms of VAS score at day 30, hernia recurrence rate, hospital stay, or complication rate. VAS score on day 1 and cost of operation were in favor of the suture group.
Effect of spraying bupivacaine and dexamethasone on postoperative pain of total extraperitoneal hernioplasty: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Ozer Mehmet , Ulusoy Serap , Kılınç İbrahim , Oruç Mustafa
Published: April 2023

Background: Several studies on the reduction of pain with the use of local anesthetics after laparoscopic hernia surgeries have been published. We aimed to analyze the results of local anesthesia applied to the patients by retrospectively scanning the files of patients who underwent total extraperitoneal laparoscopic hernioplasty for inguinal hernias.
Methods: The files of patients who underwent TEP laparoscopic hernioplasty for inguinal hernias between March 2019 and November 2022 in Ankara Bilkent city hospital general surgery clinic were retrospectively scanned. The pain scoring records in the observation forms of these patients and the analgesics administered were recorded.
Results: A total of 374 and 210 patients underwent unilateral and bilateral TEP laparoscopic hernioplasty, respectively. All of the patients, 232 were not administered any local anesthesia, 186 were administered bupivacaine, and 166 were administered bupivacaine+dexamethasone. When the VAS scores of the patients in both main groups were compared, significant differences were found in VAS scores between patients who received bupivacaine and bupivacaine+dexamethasone and those who did not (p<0.036 and p<0.025). No difference was found between patients who received only bupivacaine and those who were given bupivacaine+dexamethasone.
Conclusion: In patients who underwent TEP laparoscopic hernioplasty, spraying bupivacaine into the preperitoneal area after surgery was found to be significantly effective in reducing postoperative pain. The benefits of adding dexamethasone to bupivacaine have not been established.
Correlation between thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology and postoperative final histopathology: a 5-year single-centre retrospective study
Authors: Amr S. Alaus  , Alsobyani Fares , Al-Awadhi Abdulrahman , Alqashar Ahmed
Published: April 2023

Background: Thyroid nodules are common problems encountered in our routine practice. Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is the most accurate and cost-effective method for evaluating thyroid nodules. It is the procedure of choice for identifying patients who require surgical excision.
Methods: This is a retrospective single-center observational study in Salmaniya Medical Complex, a tertiary care center, in Kingdom of Bahrain that aims to to correlate preoperative FNAC results with the post-surgical histopathology report, and to compare our diagnostic performance results to previously published literature.
Results: The post-operative histology was reported as benign in 62% of patients and malignant in 38% of patients. Bethesda II was the most common category in our sample, with 14.3% having a final histopathological diagnosis of malignancy (false negative results). Malignancy was found in 84% and 96.8% of Bethesda V and VI, respectively. Our FNAC data achieved an 80.95% sensitivity, specificity of 93.51% specificity, and a total accuracy of 87.86%. The positive predictive value was 91.07%, and an 85.71% negative predictive value, which were comparable to data from published series.
Conclusions: FNAC remains the most accurate and cost-effective method for evaluating thyroid nodules. However, its diagnostic value varies among different institutions. Our results demonstrated higher rates of malignancy compared to other published series in both category I and II. Due to the chance of false negative rates in these categories and the slow-growing nature of thyroid malignancy, it is important that patients with benign FNAC should have periodic clinical and radiological follow up.
A study of surgical management of intestinal obstruction
Authors: Sudarshan V.  , S. Jahid Husain , Kashyap Sai Swathi Choudhary  , Prashanth Kumar N.
Published: April 2023

Background: Intestinal obstruction is one of the more challenging emergency that a general surgeon can come across. However, mortality ranges from 3% with simple obstruction to as much as 30% when there is vascular compromise/perforation of the obstructed intestine, despite improvements in diagnostic tools, fluid and electrolyte correction immediately, effective antimicrobials, and surgical therapy.
Methods: There were 50 cases of intestinal obstruction studied from October 2020 to October 2022 at MVJMC&RH (Rural Bangalore) and relevant investigations were sent and operative procedures were performed and data was collected.
Results: In this study, intestinal obstruction is more common in the age group of 30-60 year.  Male and female are nearly in equal ratio. Small bowel obstruction is more common.  Pain abdomen and abdominal distension was the most common presentation. Most common etiological factor is postoperative adhesions. Malignant obstruction is more common in large bowel. Most common operation performed was resection-anastomosis. The mortality in intestinal obstruction is high in individuals who developed strangulated/perforated bowel, those present beyond 72 hours and in those are having pre-existing associated diseases and elderly people.
Conclusions: Intestinal obstruction remains still a common and important surgical emergency. Obstruction due to adhesions increasing in incidence due to increased abdominal & pelvic surgeries. The obstruction due to external hernias decreasing due to early elective surgeries. The morbidity and mortality depends on the age of the patient, etiology of obstruction, site of obstruction, state of hydration, viability of the bowel, delay in diagnosis and surgical intervention and associated medical illness.
Clinico-imaging patterns of arterial and venous pathologies in lower limb in R. D. Gardi Medical College Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Virmani Bhavya , Patel Pratik , Rakholia Dishant
Published: April 2023

Background: Various arterial and venous pathologies like peripheral arterial disease (PAD), Varicose Veins (VV) and Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) are most commonly occurring condition with complain of pain, claudication, swelling, gangrene and dilated veins. Due to late presentation, it is associated with increasing incidence of surgical management which can also lead to amputation of limb in later stages. Aiming at increasing in prevention and conservative management will only be possible on early diagnosis and primordial prevention which requires to find relationship between lifestyle and chronic condition with various vascular disease.
Methods: A total of 67 cases were studied over a period of 1.5 years. Their clinical diagnosis along with various radiological diagnosis was compared and its sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, FPR, NPR and accuracy was calculated accordingly.
Results: In this study, we found out that vascular disease is associated with sedentary lifestyle, smoking or chewing tobacco or dyslipidaemia. The common presenting symptoms were pain, claudication, swelling, gangrene and dilated veins. In the radiological investigation on comparison between catheter angiography/venography with other modalities showing specificity and sensitivity.
Conclusions: In this study, we concluded that colour doppler, CT angiography and catheter angiography has highest accuracy in diagnosing arterial pathology, and Colour Doppler and CT venography has highest accuracy in diagnosing venous pathology.
BISAP plus serum lactate dehydrogenase: a new scoring system for assessment of severity of acute pancreatitis
Authors: Durganna Thimmappa  , . Gokul R.
Published: April 2023

Background: Acute Pancreatitis is a process of acute inflammation of pancreas along with peripancreatic tissue and multi organ involvement. To reduce morbidity and mortality by predicting the course of the disease and do an early intervention several scoring systems have been proposed such as RANSON’S score, BISAP score, APACHE II etc.
Methods: Patients are chosen with clinical diagnosis of acute pancreatitis over a period of 6 months, based on inclusion criteria, with consent. They underwent investigations base d on the scoring systems and institutional protocol. The different scoring systems were used and calculated. The effectiveness of all the scoring systems were calculated using Microsoft Excel indicating its sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive value.
Results: BISAP with LDH (BISAP PLUS) shows the highest sensitivity (85.71%), Positive predictive value (70.59%), Negative predictive value (84.62%) and Accuracy (76.67%) among different scoring systems. The highest specificity was seen in APACHE II (75%)
Conclusions: Use of BISAP plus serum LDH (BISAP plus) can help in daily assessment and quicker management of acute pancreatitis and should be studied further, as it is showing promise in helping in management of acute pancreatitis.
A comparative study of single layer versus double layer small bowel anastomosis
Authors: Modi Jenishkumar Vijaykumar , Puwar Namrata
Published: April 2023

Background: There are various gastrointestinal surgeries in which we require small bowel anastomosis. Bowel anastomosis is quite common in different bowel pathology. Bowel anastomosis can be done by hand sewn or y stapler. In hand sewn anastomosis, we can do single layer or double layer anastomosis.
Method: The study was carried out in 50 patients between August 2019 to March 2020. In this study, we have included all the patients who require small bowel end to end anastomosis in either elective surgeries or emergency surgeries. Patients who require proximal stoma formation and other than small bowel anastomosis are excluded. In present study, patients were randomly allocated in two groups: group A (n=25) includes single layer(interrupted) hand sewn bowel anastomosis and group B two layer (Connell and seromuscular) handsewn bowel anastomosis. Author have compared two groups in terms of intraoperative time and postoperative leak.
Results: This shows that there is significantly reduce in intraoperative time in group A patient while there is no significant difference in postoperative complication or postoperative leak between two groups.
Conclusions: There is no significant difference in single layer and double layer technique of bowel anastomosis.
Impact of delay due to the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic on elective surgical patients in a tertiary care center: a prospective observational study
Authors: Pullagura Reddy A. , N. R. Vishnu Prasad
Published: April 2023

Background: Elective services were withheld in most parts of the world to cope with the stress on the healthcare system caused by the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, delaying elective services for more than a particular duration adversely affects disease outcomes. This study aimed to assess the effect on elective surgical patients due to delays caused by withholding elective surgical services to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic at our institution.
Methods: This prospective observational study included all the patients who planned and waited for elective surgery till the day elective services were withheld at our institution (24 March 2020) due to the COVID-19 pandemic. All patients were followed until the patients were operated on or three months after resuming elective operative services at our institution. These patients were assessed to determine the proportion of patients with worsening symptoms, stage progression, and needing emergency procedures or palliative surgery.
Results: Breast cancer was the most common cancer among malignancy patients awaiting surgery. Compared to Breast cancer, Gastrointestinal cancers had a significantly higher proportion of patients with stage progression (61.3% vs. 90%, p=0.016) and mortality (6.5% vs. 53.3%, p<0.001). In benign patients, symptom progression was seen in 45.9%, and emergency surgery/procedures were needed in 5.4 %.
Conclusions: Even though the so-called elective surgery, postponing these surgeries, particularly cancer surgeries, can compromise the outcomes of the patients if delayed for more than a certain point.
The outcome of Grisotti flap oncoplastic technique in central breast cancer: case series
Authors: El Dahshasn Mohamed Ebrahim , Khalil Hossam Mahmoud Mokhtar , Ayman Abd Elhameed Elnemr
Published: April 2023

Breast cancer patients with centrally located cancer always receive mastectomy or the combination of central excision and primary closure. With the development of modern oncoplastic breast-conserving technique, a variety of techniques are available to deal with centrally located breast cancers (CLBCs). Among these techniques, Grisotti flap technique is special, because it is easy to handle and only causes minor injury by using a local rotational dermoglandular flap to fill the defect of central part. In our study, we performed grisotti flap on seven patients with CLBCs and one patient with Paget’s disease. We found that performing Grisotti flap technique is safe oncologically with satisfactory aesthetic outcome for patients with CLBCs. However, further long term study on larger number of patients is needed to assess the long-term outcome of this surgical procedure in terms of survival.
Cystic artery pseudoaneurysm, a rare complication of duodenal ulcer
Authors: Nor Azizan Aida Nadhirah , Ahmad M. Ammar , Yu Kah Ling
Published: April 2023

In this case report, we would like to discuss a rare case of cystic artery pseudoaneurysm. Multiple aetiology has been described in literatures. One of the rarest is duodenal ulceration causing erosion into the cystic artery, leading to pseudoaneurysm formation. Here, we presented a case of ruptured cystic artery pseudoaneurysm with duodenal ulcer presenting as lower gastrointestinal bleeding and its subsequent management.
Seven years surveillance of an incidental schwannoma
Authors: Martins Daniela , Gonçalo Guidi  , Leal Clara , Vieira Bruno , Costa Pedro , Pinto-de-Sousa João
Published: April 2023

Schwannomas are rare benign neoplasms, arising from Schwann cells of the peripheral nerve sheath. Retroperitoneal location is very rare accounting for less than 3% of cases. Schwannomas are usually asymptomatic and incidentally found. A rare case of a retroperitoneal schwannoma incidentally found, in 73 years-old women is herein. The tumour was found on a routine CT-scan and the patient was asymptomatic. CT-guided biopsy was compatible with a benign schwannoma. Since the patient was elderly and had no symptoms, surveillance was decided by oncological multidisciplinary group. At present, the patient has a 7 year follow up period, remains asymptomatic and the tumour dimensions are stable. Since schwannomas are benign tumours, when asymptomatic and grow slowly, watchful waiting approach may be an option, avoiding major high morbidity procedure.
Laparoscopic colorectal surgery: new paradigm towards excellence
Authors: Kumar Birbal , Dipankar S. Mitra  , Balkishan Gupta  , Chandramohan
Published: April 2023

There is evidence accumulated that the laparoscopic approach is equivalent or superior to an open operation for a broad spectrum of colorectal procedures. Laparoscopic colectomy has been accepted late due to its technical complexity and favorable outcome. This is because of its steep learning curve, concerns with oncological outcomes, lack of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and initial reports on port-site recurrence after curative resection. As the field continues to evolve surgeons are gaining increasing experience with more complex procedures, including total abdominal colectomies and low pelvic dissection. These advances expand the spectrum of indications that are appropriate for laparoscopic approach and the number of patients who potentially benefit from the technique.
Ileosigmoid knotting: a rare cause of acute intestinal obstruction in an elderly patient
Authors: Kumar Manish , Kumar Satendra , Gupta Sanjeev Kumar , Khanna Seema , Gupta Shubham Kumar , Digumarthi Asha Rani  , Hoda Inzamam ul
Published: April 2023

Ileosigmoid knotting (ISK) is difficult to diagnose preoperatively due to its rarity and uncommon presentation. It has a high mortality rate; hence early diagnosis and immediate surgical intervention are required. This report describes a case in an 80-year-old male patient with gangrenous ileal loops and sigmoid colon and was managed with resection of gangrenous bowel loops and double stoma, Patient was discharged with a functional stoma and good well-being and was further followed up.
Squamous cell carcinoma on the dorsal aspect of foot: a case report and literature review
Authors: Raval Rutu S. , Kavthiya Jaydip R. , Prajapati Bijal H.
Published: April 2023

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare condition of the foot. Its incidence has been described as roughly 0.6 to 3.0%. The disease was first described in 1828 by Marjolin, and its malignancy was recognized by Dupuytren. SCC originates in keratinocytes and may develop from a precursor lesion or de novo lesions. A case report of the occurrence of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the foot is presented. This metastatic lesion developed following trauma. The patient presented with a painful, ulcerative, non-healing wound on the dorsum of the left foot. A case study of squamous cell carcinoma on the dorsal aspect of the foot was done. Fine-needle aspiration of the lymph node and wedge biopsy of the lesion documented it as metastatic squamous cell carcinoma that was managed eventually by below-knee amputation. The clinical significance of our case study highlights the need for any non-healing wound to be viewed with suspicion and to assist in the prognosis, diagnosis, and management of patients with SCC along with a review of pertinent literature. In addition, this study has shown that early diagnosis and treatment are of vital importance to decrease the risk of recurrence and metastasis.
A case report on surgeon’s perseverance: post ileal type appendicular perforation with concealed abscess-laparoscopic appendectomy
Authors: Raju Badipati  , Kasinikota LakshmiDurga , Are Lakshmipriya , Dasari PrathyushaKiran , Gunturu Kushal S.
Published: April 2023

In humans, the vermiform appendix is not a vestigial organ, but rather a lymphoid structure that, when inflamed, causes major problems. Acute appendicitis is characterized by pain and soreness in the right iliac fossa, along with nausea and anorexia. Depending on the location of the appendix, it may appear in an unusual manner. In post-ileal type appendicitis, pain is more concentrated around the umbilicus, and pain shifting may be absent. In this scenario, an ultrasound of the abdomen may not be particularly useful, but a CT scan of the abdomen may aid in the diagnosis. A delay in diagnosing and treating acute appendicitis can have disastrous consequences. We now present the case report of a 20-year-old male patient with chief complaints of sudden onset of abdominal pain over umbilical region, squeezing type radiating to right lumbar region, for 3 days. On clinical examination, the patient had presence of tenderness at McBurney’s point over the right iliac fossa and periumbilical area. The diagnostic investigations of GI endoscopy report showed grade A esophagitis and hemorrhagic gastropathy. CT report shows acute appendicitis with contained perforation and appendiceal abscess. Post ileal appendicular perforation with concealed abscess was treated with laparoscopic appendectomy under general anesthesia.
Like Behind a Stone Wall": Involved Fatherhood in the Context of Maternal Self-Realization Opportunities
Authors: Simonova Irina A. , Shvetsova Anastasia V. , Krivoshchekova Marina S.
Published: April 2023

Involved Fatherhood is in the focus of researchers' attention because of the background of a general changes in the structure of gender roles in the modern Russian family, however, a number of blind spots remain in the study of this problem. Thus, it is relevant to analyze the mutual influence of involved fatherhood and mothers' practices, including how the father's activity changes the mother's trajectories and well-being. The presented study aims to analyze the involved fatherhood as a factor that positively affects the social opportunities of a woman in the first years of motherhood. The research methodology is based on the theory of the social construction of gender, the social topology of P. Bourdieu, the concept of non-maternal practices of mothers (sustainable social practices of a woman that are determined by the complex situation of caring for young children, but are not directly related to caring for them). Based on the analysis of 720 accounts of young mothers in social networks, 230 statements of mothers on thematic forums, and 10 in-depth interviews (5 married couples, men in which are actively involved in the childe care process), it was found that fatherhood is an important factor in the implementation of non-maternity practices, including that have an economic effect and a transitive potential for a woman. This and the orientation of a woman to preserving her subjectivity through the implementation of non-maternal practices creates some conditions (financial, timing, functional) for greater inclusion of fathers in the processes of care and upbringing. The main motive for the involvement of men is the orientation towards the interests of the child and the subjective experiences of the fatherhood. However, the effect of support is highly appreciated by mothers as a factor determining the expansion of women's social opportunities, their material and psychological well-being.
Семантические особенности лексико-семантической группы «Птицы» в русском языке (в сопоставлении с чешским языком)
Authors: Talitskaya Anna A. , Kasatkina Yulia V.
Published: April 2023

Semantic features of the lexical-semantic group "Birds" in the Russian language (in comparison with the Czech language)
Some questions of the semantic content of the concept of "revolution" in the political discourse of Russia at the present stage
Authors: Stepanov Mikhail A.
Published: April 2023

The concept of revolution is currently one of the most ambiguous in the system of social and humanitarian knowledge. More and more attention is drawn to the problem of a gradual increase in the scope of this concept, when that is used to designate phenomena that, from the point of view of classical approaches, cannot be characterized as a revolution. In the conditions of conceptual uncertainty, there is a need to study the semantic content of the concept of "revolution", put into it by the actors of political discourse, in order to establish its key semantic features. In this paper the socio- and scientific political discourse of modern Russia is studied with the help of discourse analysis in order to identify the main semantic characteristics of the concept of "revolution" in it. Special attention is paid to the correlation of the concepts of "revolution", "color revolution" and "velvet revolution". It is concluded that at the present stage in the political discourse of Russia, the concept of "revolution" has almost completely lost its classical semantic content and has practically become identical to the concept of «color revolution» in its securitized interpretation. At the same time, there are still attempts to separate both concepts in the scientific political discourse. The concept of «velvet revolution» is much less common in the political discourse of Russia, and in semantic terms is the complete opposite of the concept of "color revolution".
Paternal Communities in Modern Russia: Discourses and Practices
Authors: Kozlova Natalia N. , Rassadin Sergey V.
Published: April 2023

He relevance of the study is based on the genesis of public organizations of fathers within the Russian civil society. The object of the research is the legally institutionalized communities of fathers, the subject is their discourses and practices, the source is the online network resources of these public associations. The novelty of the study lies in the consideration of the conceptual, ideological and project-practical aspects of the activities of paternal communities, identification of goals, objectives, strategies for the development of a culture of paternity in the context of state policy to preserve and strengthen traditional values. Analyzing Russian public organizations and movements of fathers, the authors come to the conclusion that at the present stage, fathers' communities are consolidating into an integral ecosystem, there are movements at the federal level, potentially capable of acting as lobbyists for ideas articulated in program documents as novels in family law. The authors believe that the common goal of all paternal communities is to increase the role of the father in modern Russian society through the promotion of the father-mentor model based on the concept of traditional family values. The presence of a wide range of interpretations of paternity associated with an ambiguous interpretation of traditional values is noted. It is alleged that the ideology of the division of complementary spheres of responsibility into female/maternal and male/paternal declared by paternal communities is offered in a modernized and traditionalist form. The authors explicate both positive (development of discourses and practices of socially responsible fatherhood, protection of fathers' rights in case of divorce) and negative (ideology of neopatriarchy) effects of the activity of paternal communities in Russia.
Formation of the worldview of young people in the digital environment
Authors: Pechenkin Nikolay M. , Turiev Vladislav E.
Published: April 2023

The subject of the article is the formation of the worldview of young people in the digital environment. To obtain information on the formation of the worldview of the younger generation in the digital environment and its subsequent processing, the authors conducted a sociological study: expert interviewing and expert survey. The results of the study allow us to study the increasing influence of the digital environment in the process of formation of the worldview of young people. At the same time, digital communication mechanisms, ICT, neural networks and artificial intelligence algorithms are beginning to play an increasing role in shaping the worldview. The peculiarity of ICT is its rapid development and penetration into all spheres of society. Negative aspects are manifested in the possibility of spreading values, negatively influencing the formation of traditional world-view. The regulation of the Internet is a subject of acute controversy in society. In the course of the study the attitude of young people to digital communication mechanisms, neural networks, algorithms of artificial intelligence and their impact on the formation of traditional world-view of the younger generation was analyzed. Theoretical results of the study adds to the accumulated knowledge by obtaining relevant data on the formation of worldview of the younger generation in a digital environment and allows you to understand their influence in this process, clarify the semantic content of the concept of "world-view". That in the future will help other authors to continue research on this topic.
Institutional Forms of Support for Involved Fatherhood (on the Example of the "Father-groups" in social service system of St. Petersburg)
Authors: Malyshev Alexander G.
Published: April 2023

In the modern world, family relationships and parenthood are being transformed. The transformations taking place with fatherhood in general can be assessed positively, since their result is the formation of involved fathers. Such fathers are ready to actively participate in the care of children and their upbringing, which benefits the cognitive, physical, emotional development of children, and helps to strengthen family relationships. Support, dissemination of involved paternity is the field of activity of the state, non-profit organizations, employers. The article presents the results of a study of the effectiveness of one of the institutional forms of support for involved fatherhood - groups, cycles of meetings for fathers or future fathers, where participants discuss parenting issues (father-groups). The purpose of the study is to find out how the ideas about parental roles and practices differ between fathers who participated in dad groups and fathers who did not participate in them. The empirical basis of the study was the results of surveys conducted in several stages. In 2013, a representative study of fathers in St. Petersburg was conducted. In 2013 and 2021, using a questionnaire that ensures comparability of information with the data of the survey of fathers in St. Petersburg in 2013, fathers who took classes in father-groups were interviewed . The study is based on a comparison of data from a survey of fathers in St. Petersburg and fathers who took classes in father-groups. As a result of the study, results were obtained that indicate that the ideas about parental roles of fathers who participated in father-groups differ little from the ideas of the fathers of St. Petersburg. The amount of time fathers devote to their children was also comparable. Significant differences between the fathers who participated in the father-groups were revealed in the intensity of fathers' inclusion in practices related to child care.
Loss among the Russian working-age population during stable and crisis periods in the context of the major risk factors
Authors: Semyonova V. G. , Sabgayda Tamara P. , Zubko Alexander V. , Evdokushkina Galina N.
Published: April 2023

The topic is substantiated by ongoing urgency of COVID-19-related issues and the need to identify risk factors most relevant during crisis periods. The purpose is to evaluate impact of the main risk factors on mortality among the Russian working-age population during stable and crisis periods. The analysis is based on Rosstat mortality data among working-age population in 2011-2021. The study identified individual-related causes (behavioral risk factors), society-related (social risk groups), as well as mixed risks. During pre-crisis period, positive trends were due to decreased mortality from all causes associated with risk factors. During the pandemic, mortality due to all causes associated with risk factors increased across all age/sex groups of the working-age population, with the highest rates of negative shifts registered among males aged 20-39 and females aged 15-29 (5,9 % and 3,1 %, respectively). Increase in mortality was due to causes associated with behavioral risk factors. These negative shifts were accounted for by a multiple increase in drug addiction mortality throughout the pandemic. During the pandemic, deaths associated with social factors decreased due to reduced road traffic mortality against increased mortality from accidental falls and drownings. Significance of individual-related causes was increasing with age with the maximum among older working-age population.
Revisão política e institucional para o financiamento da biodiversidade no Brasil: uma abordagem Biofin para o governo federal
Authors: Silva Carlos Eduardo Menezes da
Published: April 2023

As instituições e suas diferentes configurações de gestão e governança estão cada dia mais relacionadas com as alterações ambientais vivenciadas no planeta. Por isso, o objetivo deste estudo é realizar uma revisão política e institucional relativa à biodiversidade no âmbito do governo federal do Brasil. Para tanto utilizamos a Revisão Política e Institucional – PIR (Political and Institutional Review) como abordagem para avaliar os pontos fortes e fracos de políticas e instituições relacionadas à biodiversidade, como parte da metodologia Biofin. O estudo levantou os principais elementos da paisagem normativa e institucional que direcionaram as ações de conservação da biodiversidade em nível federal entre os anos de 2000 e 2019. Os resultados demonstraram que nesse período havia ao menos 21 normas e cerca de 195 instrumentos previstos na legislação federal para atender à Estratégia e Plano de Ações Nacionais para a Biodiversidade – EPANB. Porém, a maior parte das ações orçamentárias realizadas pelos órgãos de gestão das políticas de biodiversidade em nível federal distorcem as diretrizes previstas nessas normas elencadas. Juntamente com a observada redução da alocação orçamentária para o Ministério do Meio Ambiente e para ações de biodiversidade em outros ministérios. Esses elementos parecem apontar para um quadro de redução da priorização para o tema da conservação da biodiversidade em nível federal no Brasil ao longo dos 20 anos analisados.
The active dismantling of environmental policy in Brazil: paralysis and setbacks of the deforestation inspection and control
Authors: Bonelli Francesco , Fernandes Antônio Sérgio Araújo , Cavalcante Pedro Luiz Costa
Published: April 2023

The paper aims to analyse the street-level bureaucrats’ (SLBs) perception of President Bolsonaro’s administration’s effects on Brazilian environmental policy, emphasising deforestation prevention and control in the Legal Amazon1. Besides the policy dismantling concepts, a theoretical model integrating three complementary analytical dimensions of SLBs’ action – institutional, individual, and relational – was employed in a case-oriented investigation of environmental bureaucrats – Ibama Inspectors and ICMBio Agents. The inquiry used Systematic Content Analysis on interviews with these agents involved in deforestation inspection and control activities. The empirical results confirm the hypotheses that an active dismantling process has been ongoing since the beginning of Bolsonaro’s administration; however, the perceptions of Ibama inspectors seem more intense, especially regarding the institutional dimension. The research illustrates the adverse effects of this process on the agencies and bureaucratic capacities, generating paralysis and setbacks in deforestation inspection and control policies and posing serious risks to the environmental protection in the country. This article contributes to the advancement of knowledge about the strategies that a far-right populist government deliberately adopted to reduce the role of the State, weaken professional bureaucracy, dismantle policies and favour particular interests of groups.
Descontinuidade de práticas em saúde ambiental: percepção de profissionais de município do Sul do Brasil
Authors: Canal Heloise , Verdum Roberto
Published: April 2023

Esta pesquisa consistiu em investigar como o uso dos saberes profissionais pode ser empregado como estratégia conceitual para compreender o desmonte das políticas de saúde e ambiente. O objetivo foi examinar as condições e limitações percebidas por profissionais de vigilância em saúde envolvidos diretamente com questões ambientais e como isso pode afetar seus conhecimentos e práticas profissionais. Tratou-se de pesquisa com abordagem qualitativa e de natureza empírica, realizada por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com uma equipe de vigilância em saúde ambiental ligada a órgão público de um município do Sul do Brasil. A análise de dados foi feita por codificação e categorização temáticas. Os entrevistados citaram diversas dificuldades recentes de atuação que foram articuladas ao conceito de saberes profissionais. Dessa forma, a pesquisa concluiu que a redução do número de profissionais e outras dificuldades de equipes de saúde ambiental representam impactos negativos para a continuidade do trabalho e preservação dos saberes profissionais acumulados ao longo dos anos.
Treated wastewater application in agriculture: potential assessment in the State of Santa Catarina/Brazil
Authors: Cecato Leonardo Dalri , Magri Maria Elisa
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to evaluate the potential of using treated wastewater in the irrigation of 7 crops produced in the State of Santa Catarina by assessing the current demand for irrigation water in the study area and the future production of treated wastewater. Food production data were collected from the most significant public agricultural institution in the study area to calculate their blue water footprint, given the amount of food harvested. Future wastewater production data were gathered from official reports which present the sanitation plans to be performed by 2035. Geographic Information System tools and risk assessment approaches were used to present and discuss results from quantitative and qualitative perspectives. Results show that the amount of wastewater to be produced in 2035 could not only supply the current irrigation water demand for the selected crops but also allow agriculture to expand without consuming more potable water.
A soft systems approach for innovation in the fruits and vegetables market in Uruguay
Authors: Berrutti Marcela Marques , Pizzolon Alejandro , Álvarez Jorge Ariel
Published: April 2023

"Systems thinking" approaches include some techniques and methods developed by social scientists to encourage debate, recognising that their practice is inevitably full of value and that research is a part of intervention. In general, systems theories explain the need to transcend disciplines to increase our understanding of a situation by considering different levels of impact, especially through visualisation tools. In a very complex environment such as the fruit and vegetable market in Uruguay, especially focusing on the roles of agents and the interactions between them, "soft systems methodologies"contributed to building a representation integrating different perspectives with consensual and conflicting aspects, delving into the particularities and opportunities for technological innovations and collaborative management for the fruit and vegetablechain, ending in important reflections on opportunities for positive change and the risks of marginalisation or social exclusion.

Commercial channels for farm products and main agents
Particularities of Uruguayan consumption
Alternative channels, collaborative management and other innovations: for whom?

It is considered that this approach contributes to building a holistic vision of the situation that will facilitate our understanding of the commercial circumstances in rural Uruguay (Checkland 1999).  In particular, we discuss innovations promoted by the recent crisis linked to the start of the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020 and the challenges posed by climate change, questioning the proposal of generating " value added " with the idea of "integral valuation".
COVID-19 PANDEMİSİNİN EKONOMİK ETKİLERİ: İSTANBUL’DA FARKLI SOSYAL KIRILGANLIK DÜZEYİNDEKİ HANELERİN DENEYİMLERİ
Authors: ÇELİK Kezban , CON WRIGHT Gülçin , KALAYCIOĞLU Oya
Published: April 2023

COVID-19 pandemisiyle birlikte toplumun çeşitli katmanlarında yadsınamaz değişimler yaşanmıştır. Koronavirüsün sağlık üzerindeki etkisinin yanında, pandeminin kendini en çok hissettirdiği alanlardan birisi de ekonomi olmuştur. Tüm dünyada, pandemiyle birlikte yaşanan kapanmalar ve alınan önlemler ile sağlık sektörünün üstlendiği yük ile birlikte milli ekonomiler de büyük hasar almıştır. Bu makale, COVID-19 pandemisinin ülke bazındaki ekonomik etkilerini anlamlandırmanın ötesine geçerek bu etkileri hane bazında anlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Makalede kullanılan veriler, 2020 yılında TUBİTAK’ın desteği ile İstanbul’da gerçekleştirilen bir araştırmadan elde edilmiştir. Bu araştırmada, farklı sosyal kırılganlık düzeyine sahip hanelerin pandemiyi deneyimleme biçimleri; sosyal, ekonomik, demografik faktörlerle, sağlık ve kurumsal hizmetlere erişim temaları çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiştir. Bu makalede ise sadece ekonomik boyuta odaklanılmakta ve hanelerin ekonomik yaşamlarına ilişkin deneyimleri; sahip olunan iş/meslek, işsizlik, pandemide çalışma durumu, pandemide iş kaybı, ekonomik destek ihtiyacı, kimlerden/nereden ekonomik destek alındığı ya da kimlere ekonomik destek verildiği kapsamında değerlendirilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda, İstanbul’un sosyal kırılganlık indeks skoruna göre “kırılgan”, “orta-üst kırılgan”, “orta-alt kırılgan” ve “kırılgan olmayan” ilçelerinde yaşayan 18 yaş üstü toplam 441 kişi ile pandeminin ilk 6 ayı içerisinde gerçekleştirilmiş telefon anketlerinden toplanan veriye nicel analizler uygulanmıştır. Makalenin en temel bulgusu, pandemi deneyiminin ekonomik boyutunun pandemi öncesi koşullar tarafından şekillenmekte olduğuna yöneliktir. Makale, hanenin kırılganlık düzeyi arttıkça pandeminin ekonomik etkilerinin de derinleşmekte olduğunu göstermiştir.
YAŞLILAR İÇİN ÜCRETSİZ TOPLU TAŞIMAYA İLİŞKİN WEB 2.0 TARTIŞMALARI: SOSYAL VATANDAŞLIK TEMELLİ BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: ATALAY Selin
Published: April 2023

Bu çalışmada bir Web 2.0 platformu olan Ekşisözlük’te, 65 yaş üstü kişilerle ilişkili en fazla sayıda girinin paylaşıldığı, ‘Toplu taşımada 65 yaş beleşçiliği kaldırılsın’ başlığı altındaki 1548 giri, temellendirilmiş kuram yaklaşımıyla nitel ve nicel içerik analizi yöntemiyle, MAXQDA 25 programı kullanılarak, analiz edilmiştir. Başlık altındaki girilerde, 65 yaş üstü kişilerin toplu taşıma kullanıma yönelik olumsuz bir pozisyon benimsendiği, yaşlıların kendilerine verilmiş hakları suistimal ettikleri ve toplu taşımayı ‘gereksiz’ bir şekilde kullandıklarına yönelik genel bir söylemin ortaya çıktığı görülmüştür. İncelenen başlık altında oluşturulmuş içeriklerde hizmetin kısıtlanması önerisi öne çıkmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında farklı ülke örnekleri üzerinden tüm vatandaşlar, yaşlılar ve öğrenciler gibi gruplar için ücretsiz toplu taşıma uygulamaları ele alınmıştır. Böylesi bir uygulamanın özellikle yoksulluk tehdidi, yalnızlık ve sosyal izolasyon sorunu ile karşı karşıya olan yaşlı kişiler için kent hakkı kapsamında değerlendirilebilecek bir sosyal politika olduğu görülmektedir. Ekşisözlük’te uygulamaya karşı olan kişilerin oluşturdukları içeriklerde pozisyonlarını; sosyal vatandaşlık anlayışını dışlayan, sözleşme temelli vatandaşlık ve sosyal yardım devleti merkezli bir devlet-vatandaş ilişkisi üzerine kurduğu görülmüştür. Bu pozisyonu benimseyen Ekşisözlük kullanıcıları, böylesi bir uygulamayı, kendileri de dahil olacak şekilde daha fazla grup için talep edilecek bir hak olarak görmemektedir. Neoliberal bir retorik üzerinden, yaşlıların ücretsiz toplu taşıma kullanımının toplum üzerinde bir yük oluşturduğu ve ekonomik insan tahayyülüne uygun bir şekilde yalnızca ihtiyaç sahibi ve işe gitme gibi yükümlülükleri olan kişilerin toplu taşıma kullanımının ‘gerekli’ görüldüğü belirlenmiştir.