bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of TP53 Genomic Alterations in Large B-Cell Lymphoma Treated With CD19-Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy
Authors: Shouval Roni , Alarcon Tomas Ana , Fein Joshua A. , Flynn Jessica R. , Markovits Ettai , Mayer Shimrit , Olaide Afuye Aishat , Alperovich Anna , Anagnostou Theodora , Besser Michal J. , Batlevi Connie Lee , Dahi Parastoo B. , Devlin Sean M. , Fingrut Warren B. , Giralt Sergio A. , Lin Richard J. , Markel Gal , Salles Gilles , Sauter Craig S. , Scordo Michael , Shah Gunjan L. , Shah Nishi , Scherz-Shouval Ruth , van den Brink Marcel , Perales Miguel-Angel , Palomba Maria Lia
Published: December 2021

PURPOSE

Tumor-intrinsic features may render large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) insensitive to CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T). We hypothesized that TP53 genomic alterations are detrimental to response outcomes in LBCL treated with CD19-CAR-T.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Patients with LBCL treated with CD19-CAR-T were included. Targeted next-generation sequencing was performed on pre–CAR-T tumor samples in a subset of patients. Response and survival rates by histologic, cytogenetic, and molecular features were assessed. Within a cohort of newly diagnosed LBCL with genomic and transcriptomic profiling, we studied interactions between cellular pathways and TP53 status.

RESULTS

We included 153 adults with relapsed or refractory LBCL treated with CD19-CAR-T (axicabtagene ciloleucel [50%], tisagenlecleucel [32%], and lisocabtagene maraleucel [18%]). Outcomes echoed pivotal trials: complete response (CR) rate 54%, median overall survival (OS) 21.1 months (95% CI, 14.8 to not reached), and progression-free survival 6 months (3.4 to 9.7). Histologic and cytogenetic LBCL features were not predictive of CR. In a subset of 82 patients with next-generation sequencing profiling, CR and OS rates were comparable with the unsequenced cohort. TP53 alterations (mutations and/or copy number alterations) were common (37%) and associated with inferior CR and OS rates in univariable and multivariable regression models; the 1-year OS in TP53-altered LBCL was 44% (95% CI, 29 to 67) versus 76% (65 to 89) in wild-type ( P = .012). Transcriptomic profiling from a separate cohort of patients with newly diagnosed lymphoma (n = 562) demonstrated that TP53 alterations are associated with dysregulation of pathways related to CAR-T-cell cytotoxicity, including interferon and death receptor signaling pathway and reduced CD8 T-cell tumor infiltration.

CONCLUSION

TP53 is a potent tumor-intrinsic biomarker that can inform risk stratification and clinical trial design in patients with LBCL treated with CD19-CAR-T. The role of TP53 should be further validated in independent cohorts.
Isolated nerve palsy following insertion of a three-piece inflatable penile prosthesis
Authors: Kosk Paulina , McKay Alastair , McPhee Arthur , Cowell David , Fraser Michael
Published: December 2021

Case report of a 57-year-old male who underwent insertion of an inflatable penile prosthesis due to erectile dysfunction, secondary to poorly controlled Type 2 diabetes and Peyronie’s disease. The surgical procedure was uneventful and there were no immediate post-operative complications. During a routine follow-up, the patient described problems with the deflation of the implant and severe lower back and leg pain. Diagnostic MRI scans revealed reservoir migration, impingement of the obturator nerve and oedema in the adductor muscle group. The reservoir was initially repositioned, and later on removed due to ongoing symptoms.
PDBrt: A free database of complexes with measured drug-target residence time
Authors: Ługowska Magdalena , Pacholczyk Marcin
Published: December 2021

Background: Difficulties in translating the in vitro potency determined by cellular assays into in vivo efficacy in living organisms complicates the design and development of drugs. However,  the residence time of a drug in its molecular target is becoming a key parameter in the design and optimization of new drugs, as recent studies show that residence time can reliably predict drug efficacy in vivo. Experimental approaches to binding kinetics and target ligand complex solutions are currently available, but known bioinformatics databases do not usually report information about the ligand residence time in its molecular target.

Methods: To extend existing databases we developed the Protein Data Bank (PDB) residence time database (PDBrt) which reports drug residence time. The database is implemented as an open access web-based tool. The front end uses Bootstrap with Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), jQuery for the interface and 3Dmol.js to visualize the complexes. The server-side code uses Python web application framework, Django Rest Framework and backend database PostgreSQL.

Results: The PDBrt database is a free, non-commercial repository for 3D protein-ligand complex data, including the measured ligand residence time inside the binding pocket of the specific biological macromolecules as deposited in The Protein Data Bank. The PDBrt database contains information about both the protein and the ligand separately, as well as the protein-ligand complex, binding kinetics, and time of the ligand residence inside the protein binding site.

Availability: https://pdbrt.polsl.pl
Recommendations for connecting molecular sequence and biodiversity research infrastructures through ELIXIR
Authors: Waterhouse Robert M. , Adam-Blondon Anne-Françoise , Agosti Donat , Baldrian Petr , Balech Bachir , Corre Erwan , Davey Robert P. , Lantz Henrik , Pesole Graziano , Quast Christian , Glöckner Frank Oliver , Raes Niels , Sandionigi Anna , Santamaria Monica , Addink Wouter , Vohradsky Jiri , Nunes-Jorge Amandine , Willassen Nils Peder , Lanfear Jerry
Published: December 2021

Threats to global biodiversity are increasingly recognised by scientists and the public as a critical challenge. Molecular sequencing technologies offer means to catalogue, explore, and monitor the richness and biogeography of life on Earth. However, exploiting their full potential requires tools that connect biodiversity infrastructures and resources. As a research infrastructure developing services and technical solutions that help integrate and coordinate life science resources across Europe, ELIXIR is a key player. To identify opportunities, highlight priorities, and aid strategic thinking, here we survey approaches by which molecular technologies help inform understanding of biodiversity. We detail example use cases to highlight how DNA sequencing is: resolving taxonomic issues; Increasing knowledge of marine biodiversity; helping understand how agriculture and biodiversity are critically linked; and playing an essential role in ecological studies. Together with examples of national biodiversity programmes, the use cases show where progress is being made but also highlight common challenges and opportunities for future enhancement of underlying technologies and services that connect molecular and wider biodiversity domains. Based on emerging themes, we propose key recommendations to guide future funding for biodiversity research: biodiversity and bioinformatic infrastructures need to collaborate closely and strategically; taxonomic efforts need to be aligned and harmonised across domains; metadata needs to be standardised and common data management approaches widely adopted; current approaches need to be scaled up dramatically to address the anticipated explosion of molecular data; bioinformatics support for biodiversity research needs to be enabled and sustained; training for end users of biodiversity research infrastructures needs to be prioritised; and community initiatives need to be proactive and focused on enabling solutions. For sequencing data to deliver their full potential they must be connected to knowledge: together, molecular sequence data collection initiatives and biodiversity research infrastructures can advance global efforts to prevent further decline of Earth’s biodiversity.
COVID-19, pseudo-declining skin cancer rates and the rise of teledermatology
Authors: Ludzik Joanna , Lee Claudia , Witkowski Alexander
Published: December 2021

In late 2019, the world was introduced to the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus that shook the global medical community. By early 2020, the new coronavirus strain led to the rapid spread of a disease that earned its classification as a pandemic, prompting authorities to enforce new health regulations that significantly limited access to in-person medical evaluations, and resulted in a significant reduction in skin cancer diagnosis volume over the course of the pandemic. Skin cancer is amongst the most common and frequently diagnosed cancers, with incidence rates steadily increasing for the past few decades, until recently when world-wide changes to the health system drastically reduced opportunities for screening, diagnosis and management. In order to optimize patient treatment in the midst of the pandemic, practicing providers relied heavily on remote alternatives, sparking a huge spike in teledermatology practices globally. The successful adoption of widescale teledermatology allowed improved triage of concerning skin lesions requiring urgent face-to-face assessment, which helped mitigate the repercussions of delayed diagnosis and management. The detrimental consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic have permanently changed the way we view and practice medicine, and it is imperative that the medical community continues to improve modern healthcare, through continued technological innovations that will advance this new technologically-reliant age of medicine.
Can detection and prediction models for Alzheimer’s Disease be applied to Prodromal Parkinson’s Disease using explainable artificial intelligence? A brief report on Digital Neuro Signatures.
Authors: TARNANAS Ioannis , Vlamos Panagiotis ,   The RADAR-AD Consortium
Published: December 2021

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the fastest growing neurodegeneration and has a prediagnostic phase with a lot of challenges to identify clinical and laboratory biomarkers for those in the earliest stages or those 'at risk'. Despite the current research effort, further progress in this field hinges on the more effective application of digital biomarker and artificial intelligence applications at the prediagnostic stages of PD. It is of the highest importance to stratify such prediagnostic subjects that seem to have the most neuroprotective benefit from drugs. However, current initiatives to identify individuals at risk or in the earliest stages that might be candidates for future clinical trials are still challenging due to the limited accuracy and explainability of existing prediagnostic detection and progression prediction solutions. In this brief paper, we report on a novel digital neuro signature (DNS) for prodromal-PD based on selected digital biomarkers previously discovered on preclinical Alzheimer's disease. (AD). Our preliminary results demonstrated a standard DNS signature for both preclinical AD and prodromal PD, containing a ranked selection of features. This novel DNS signature was rapidly repurposed out of 793 digital biomarker features and selected the top 20 digital biomarkers that are predictive and could detect both the biological signature of preclinical AD and the biological mechanism of a-synucleinopathy in prodromal PD. The resulting model can provide physicians with a pool of patients potentially eligible for therapy and comes along with information about the importance of the digital biomarkers that are predictive, based on SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). Similar initiatives could clarify the stage before and around diagnosis, enabling the field to push into unchartered territory at the earliest stages of the disease.
10-year longitudinal study of malaria in children: Insights into acquisition and maintenance of naturally acquired immunity
Authors: Addy John W.G. , Bediako Yaw , Ndungu Francis M. , Valetta John Joseph , Reid Adam J. , Mwacharo Jedida , Ngoi Joyce Mwongeli , Wambua Joshua , Otieno Edward , Musyoki Jennifer , Said Khadija , Berriman Matthew , Marsh Kevin , Bejon Philip , Recker Mario , Langhorne Jean
Published: December 2021

Background: Studies of long-term malaria cohorts have provided essential insights into how Plasmodium falciparum interacts with humans, and influences the development of antimalarial immunity. Immunity to malaria is acquired gradually after multiple infections, some of which present with clinical symptoms. However, there is considerable variation in the number of clinical episodes experienced by children of the same age within the same cohort. Understanding this variation in clinical symptoms and how it relates to the development of naturally acquired immunity is crucial in identifying how and when some children stop experiencing further malaria episodes. Where variability in clinical episodes may result from different rates of acquisition of immunity, or from variable exposure to the parasite.

Methods: Using data from a longitudinal cohort of children residing in an area of moderate P. falciparum transmission in Kilifi district, Kenya, we fitted cumulative episode curves as monotonic-increasing splines, to 56 children under surveillance for malaria from the age of 5 to 15.

Results: There was large variability in the accumulation of numbers of clinical malaria episodes experienced by the children, despite being of similar age and living in the same general location. One group of children from a particular sub-region of the cohort stopped accumulating clinical malaria episodes earlier than other children in the study. Despite lack of further clinical episodes of malaria, these children had higher asymptomatic parasite densities and higher antibody titres to a panel of P. falciparum blood-stage antigens.

Conclusions: This suggests development of clinical immunity rather than lack of exposure to the parasite, and supports the view that this immunity to malaria disease is maintained by a greater exposure to P. falciparum, and thus higher parasite burdens. Our study illustrates the complexity of anti-malaria immunity and underscores the need for analyses which can sufficiently reflect the heterogeneity within endemic populations.
Symmetrical Drug-related Intertriginous and Flexural Exanthema (Baboon Syndrome)
Authors: Lima Miranda Olinda , Martins João , Almeida Ângela , Formigo Mariana , Pereira Olga , Rocha Margarida , Cotter Jorge
Published: December 2021

Baboon syndrome, also called symmetrical drug-related intertriginous and flexural exanthema (SDRIFE), is an erythematous maculopapular rash that presents in skin folds in a symmetrical pattern. This condition may develop after the patient starts a particular agent. Treatment consists of stopping the associated trigger and medicating with topical or systemic corticosteroids. A 30-year-old man with odynophagia, otalgia and fever was prescribed amoxicillin. He developed erythematous and pruriginous lesions in the cubital fossa and inguinal regions. He attended the emergency department (ED) where he was prescribed penicillin. Lesions continued to progressively worsen with a bilateral symmetrical pattern in the axillary region and later in the nape folds, popliteal regions, and on the perineum and buttocks. The patient presented to the ED for a second time, where he was diagnosed with baboon syndrome and prescribed topical steroids with clear improvement.
Peramalan Data Inflow dan Outflow Uang Kartal Bank Indonesia Provinsi DKI Jakarta Menggunakan Model ARIMAX dan SARIMAX
Authors: Amalia Atika , Zukhronah Etik , Subanti Sri
Published: December 2021

Abstract. DKI Jakarta Province plays a crucial role as the center of government and economy in Indonesia. The description of currency inflows and outflows is highly required before Bank Indonesia formulates the appropriate policies to control the circulation of money. The monthly data of currency inflow and outflow of Bank Indonesia of DKI Jakarta show a significant increase in each year particularly before, during, and after Eid al-Fitr. The determination of Eid al-Fitr does not follow the Gregorian calendar but based on the Islamic calendar. The difference in the use of the Gregorian and Islamic calendars in a time series causes a calendar variation. Thus, the determination of Eid al-Fitr in the Gregorian calendar changes as it goes forward eleven days each year or one month every three years. This study aims to obtain the best model and forecast currency inflows and outflows of Bank Indonesia DKI Jakarta using the ARIMAX and SARIMAX models. The study used in-sample data from January 2009 to December 2018 and out-sample data from January to October 2019. The best model was selected based on the smallest out-sample MAPE value. The result showed that the best forecasting model of inflow was ARIMAX (1,0,1). Meanwhile, the best forecasting model for outflow was SARIMAX (2,0,1)(0,0,1)12.

Keywords: ARIMAX, calendar variation, forecasting, SARIMAX
Key Concerns for Critical Disability Studies
Authors: Goodley Dan , Lawthom Rebecca , Liddiard Kirsty , Runswick-Cole Katherine
Published: December 2021

The International Journal of Disability and Social Justice is a timely intervention into the interdisciplinary field of Disability Studies. Any new initiative, especially in a pre-existing and maturing field of inquiry, should encourage us all to think critically and reflexively about the key questions and issues that we should be grappling with today. This paper offers an inevitably partial take on some of the key concerns that we think scholars, activists and artists of Disability Studies should be engaging with. Everything we do these days takes place in the shadows cast by the global pandemic. While it is important to acknowledge the centrality of COVID-19 – and the threat this poses to the mind-bodies, politics and everyday realities of disabled people – we want to foreground some preoccupations, ideas and debates emerging from within the field of Disability Studies that will have resonance beyond the pandemic. We will begin the paper by offering a perspective on the contemporary nature and state of Disability Studies; suggesting that many of us are Critical Disability Studies thinkers now. Next, in order to narrow the focus of the discussion in this brief paper, we choose one emergent and popular theoretical orientation – posthuman Disability Studies. Then, we introduce and elaborate on four broad concerns that we think we should engage with; desire, alliances, non/humans and their implications for conceptualising social justice. Throughout the paper we will work through some of the power dynamics, questions of accountability and requirements for a generosity of engagement that these concerns provoke.
Longing for interdependence, aspiring to independence: a qualitative study on parenting in Germany
Authors: Sieben Anna
Published: December 2021

This article presents interpretative analysis of 25 qualitative interviews with parents of preschool children in Germany, which focused on starting daycare and centred on topics of closeness and distance in the parent–child relationships. The article draws on sociological studies on intensive parenting, and cultural psychological theories of parenting. The analysis reveals that parents discuss starting daycare within the cultural framework of intensive parenting: they stress the benefits for their child’s social and cognitive development. As cultural psychological theories suggest, parents in Germany emphasise autonomy and independence, while also arguing that young children need interdependence. In addition, parents articulate a longing for interdependence themselves: they yearn for closeness with their children, but are also aware that their children are on a path towards autonomy. The article theoretically elaborates on these ambivalences and suggests that adding the dimension of parents’ longing enriches both the concept of intensive parenting and cultural psychological accounts.
Optically smooth and optically rough surface in the view of optical 3D sensors based on imaging
Authors: Pavlíček Pavel , Hiklová Helena
Published: December 2021

An optical 3D sensor is a device intended to measure the geometric shape of objects using optical methods. When designing an optical 3D sensor, it is necessary to consider whether the surface to be measured is smooth or rough. This is because the signal formation process is different for each of the two cases. Moreover, it turns out that the signal formation process is not only influenced by the roughness of the measured surface but also by other parameters of both the measured surface and the optical measuring system. The additional parameter of the measured surface is the surface correlation length. The parameters of the optical measuring system are the wavelength of the light used and the radius of the resolution cell. Based on the knowledge of the parameter values of the surface to be measured and the measuring system, the surface to be measured can be classified as optically smooth or optically rough. We present an analysis to determine whether a given surface measured by a given optical measuring system will behave as an optically smooth or optically rough surface.
Rapid establishment of a frontline field laboratory in response to an imported outbreak of Ebola virus disease in western Uganda, June 2019
Authors: Schuh Amy J. , Kyondo Jackson , Graziano James , Balinandi Stephen , Kainulainen Markus H. , Tumusiime Alex , Nyakarahuka Luke , Mulei Sophia , Baluku Jimmy , Lonergan William , Mayer Oren , Masereka Rastus , Masereka Fredrick , Businge Esther , Gatare Alphonse , Kabyanga Loice , Muhindo Samuel , Mugabe Raymond , Makumbi Issa , Kayiwa Joshua , Wetaka Milton Makoba , Brown Vance , Ojwang Joseph , Nelson Lisa , Millard Monica , Nichol Stuart T. , Montgomery Joel M. , Taboy Celine H. , Lutwama Julius J. , Klena John D.
Published: December 2021

The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) declared an Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak in North Kivu in August 2018. By June 2019, the outbreak had spread to 26 health zones in northeastern DRC, causing >2,000 reported cases and >1,000 deaths. On June 10, 2019, three members of a Congolese family with EVD-like symptoms traveled to western Uganda’s Kasese District to seek medical care. Shortly thereafter, the Viral Hemorrhagic Fever Surveillance and Laboratory Program (VHF program) at the Uganda Virus Research Institute (UVRI) confirmed that all three patients had EVD. The Ugandan Ministry of Health declared an outbreak of EVD in Uganda’s Kasese District, notified the World Health Organization, and initiated a rapid response to contain the outbreak. As part of this response, UVRI and the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, with the support of Uganda’s Public Health Emergency Operations Center, the Kasese District Health Team, the Superintendent of Bwera General Hospital, the United States Department of Defense’s Makerere University Walter Reed Project, and the United States Mission to Kampala’s Global Health Security Technical Working Group, jointly established an Ebola Field Laboratory in Kasese District at Bwera General Hospital, proximal to an Ebola Treatment Unit (ETU). The laboratory consisted of a rapid containment kit for viral inactivation of patient specimens and a GeneXpert Instrument for performing Xpert Ebola assays. Laboratory staff tested 76 specimens from alert and suspect cases of EVD; the majority were admitted to the ETU (89.3%) and reported recent travel to the DRC (58.9%). Although no EVD cases were detected by the field laboratory, it played an important role in patient management and epidemiological surveillance by providing diagnostic results in <3 hours. The integration of the field laboratory into Uganda’s National VHF Program also enabled patient specimens to be referred to Entebbe for confirmatory EBOV testing and testing for other hemorrhagic fever viruses that circulate in Uganda.
Culex quinquefasciatus larvae development arrested when fed on Neochloris aquatica
Authors: Gil M. Florencia , Fassolari Marisol , Battaglia Marina E. , Berón Corina M.
Published: December 2021

Culex quinquefasciatusis a cosmopolitan species widely distributed in the tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Due to its long history of close association with humans, the transmission of arboviruses and parasites have an important role in veterinary and public health. Adult females feed mainly on birds although they can also feed on humans and other mammals. On the other hand, larvae are able to feed on a great diversity of microorganisms, including microalgae, present in natural or artificial breeding sites with a high organic load. These two particularities, mentioned above, are some of the reasons why this mosquito is so successful in the environment. In this work, we report the identification of a microalga found during field sampling in artificial breeding sites, in a group of discarded tires with accumulated rainwater. Surprisingly, only one of them had a bright green culture without mosquito larvae while the other surrounding tires contained a large number of mosquito larvae. We isolated and identified this microorganism asNeochloris aquatica, and it was evaluated as a potential biological control agent againstCx.quinquefasciatus. The oviposition site preference in the presence of the alga by gravid females, and the effects on larval development were analyzed. Additionally, microalga effect onCx.quinquefasciatuswild type, naturally infected with the endosymbiotic bacteriumWolbachia(w+) andWolbachiafree (w−) laboratory lines was explored. According to our results, even though it is chosen by gravid females to lay their eggs, the microalga had a negative effect on the development of larvae from both populations. Additionally, when the larvae were fed with a culture of alga supplemented with balanced fish food used as control diet, they were not able to reverse its effect, and were unable to complete development until adulthood. Here,N.aquaticais described as a biological agent, and as a potential source of bioactive compounds for the control of mosquito populations important in veterinary and human health.
Drivers of menstrual material disposal and washing practices: A systematic review
Authors: Robinson Hannah Jayne , Barrington Dani Jennifer
Published: December 2021

Background

Disposal and washing facilities and services for menstrual materials are often designed based upon technical specifications rather than an in-depth understanding of what drives peoples’ choices of practices.

Objectives and data sources

This systematic review identified and summarised the main behavioural drivers pertaining to the choice of disposal and washing practices of menstrual materials through the thematic content analysis and study appraisal of 82 publications (80 studies) on menstrual health and hygiene published since 1999, reporting the outcomes of primary research across 26 countries.

Results

Disposal and washing behaviours are primarily driven by the physical state of sanitation facilities; however, this is intrinsically linked to taboos surrounding and knowledge of menstruation.

Implications

Using reasons given for disposal and washing practices by menstruators or those who know them well, or inferred by authors of the reviewed studies, we identify the key considerations needed to design facilities and services which best suit the desired behaviours of both planners and those who menstruate.

Inclusivity

The term menstruators is used throughout to encompass all those mentioned in the studies reviewed (girls and women); although no studies explicitly stated including non-binary or transgender participants, this review uses inclusive language that represents the spectrum of genders that may experience menstruation.

Registration

The review protocol is registered on PROSPERO: 42019140029.
Analysis of case fatality rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Spanish Autonomous Communities between March and May 2020
Authors: V. Martín-Sánchez , A. Calderón-Montero , A. Barquilla-García , F. Vitelli-Storelli , A. Segura-Fragoso , V. Olmo-Quintana , A. Serrano-Cumplido ,   on behalf of the COVID-19 Group of the Spanish Society of Primary Care Physicians (SEMERGEN)
Published: December 2021

Objective

The Spanish health system is made up of seventeen regional health systems. Through the official reporting systems, some inconsistencies and differences in case fatality rates between Autonomous Communities (CC.AA.) have been observed. Therefore the objective of this paper is to compare COVID-19 case fatality rates across the Spanish CC.AA.

Material and methods

Observational descriptive study. The COVID-19 case fatality rate (CFR) was estimated according to the official records (CFR-PCR+), the daily mortality monitory system (MoMo) record (CFR-Mo), and the seroprevalence study ENE-COVID-19 (Estudio Nacional de sero Epidemiologia Covid-19) according to sex, age group and CC.AA. between March and June 2020. The main objective is to detect whether there are any differences in CFR between Spanish Regions using two different register systems, i. e., the official register of the Ministry of Health and the MoMo.

Results

Overall, the CFR-Mo was higher than the CFR-PCR+, 1.59% vs 0.98%. The differences in case fatality rate between both methods were significantly higher in Castilla La Mancha, Castilla y León, Cataluña, and Madrid. The difference between both methods was higher in persons over 74 years of age (CFR-PCR+ 7.5% vs 13.0% for the CFR-Mo) but without statistical significance. There was no correlation of the estimated prevalence of infection with CFR-PCR+, but there was with CFR-Mo (R2 = 0.33). Andalucía presented a SCFR below 1 with both methods, and Asturias had a SCFR higher than 1. Cataluña and Castilla La Mancha presented a SCFR greater than 1 in any scenario of SARS-CoV-2 infection calculated with SCFR-Mo.

Conclusions

The PCR+ case fatality rate underestimates the case fatality rate of the SARS-CoV- 2 virus pandemic. It is therefore preferable to consider the MoMo case fatality rate. Significant differences have been observed in the information and registration systems and in the severity of the pandemic between the Spanish CC.AA. Although the infection prevalence correlates with case fatality rate, other factors such as age, comorbidities, and the policies adopted to address the pandemic can explain the differences observed between CC.AA.
Effect of changes in cerebral oximeter values during cardiac surgery on the incidence of postoperative neurocognitive deficits (POND): A retrospective study based on propensity score–matched analysis
Authors: Ahn Jin Hee , Lee Eun kyung , Kim Doyeon , Kang SeHee , Choi Won-Jun , Byun Jae-hun , Shim Jae-Geum , Lee Sung Hyun
Published: December 2021

Objectives

The occurrence of postoperative neurocognitive deficits(POND)after major cardiac surgery is associated with an increase in perioperative mortality and morbidity. Oxidative stress caused by oxygen can affect neuronal damage, which can lead to POND. Whether the intraoperative rSO2 value reflects oxidative stress and the associated incidence of POND is unknown.

Methods

Among 3482 patients undergoing cardiac surgery, 976 patients were allocated for this retrospective study. Of these, 230 patients (32.5%) were observed to have postoperative neurologic symptoms. After propensity score 1:2 ratio matching, a total of 690 patients were included in the analysis. Recorded data on the occurrence of POND from the postoperative period to predischarge were collected from the electronic records.

Results

The mean baseline rSO2 value was higher in the POND (–) group than in the POND (+) group. The mean overall minimum rSO2 value was lower in the POND (+) group (52.2 ± 8.3 vs 48.3 ± 10.5, P < 0.001). The mean overall maximum rSO2 values were not significantly different between the two groups (72.7 ± 8.3 vs 73.2 ± 9.2, P = 0.526). However, there was a greater increase in the overall maximum rSO2 values as compared with baseline in the POND (+) group (10.9 ± 8.2 vs 17.9 ± 10.2, P < 0.001). The degree of increase in the maximum rSO2 value was a risk factor affecting the occurrence of POND (adjusted odds ratio, 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04–1.11; P < 0.001). The areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for delta values of minimal and maximal compared with baseline values were 0.60 and 0.71, respectively.

Conclusions

Increased cerebral oximeter levels during cardiac surgery may also be a risk factor for POND. This is considered to reflect the possibility of oxidative neuronal damage, and further studies are needed in the future.
Which representations of their gender group affect men’s orientation towards care? the case of parental leave-taking intentions
Authors: Scheifele Carolin , Steffens Melanie C. , Van Laar Colette
Published: December 2021

Men are currently underrepresented in traditionally female care-oriented (communal) engagement such as taking parental leave, whereas they are overrepresented in traditionally male (agentic) engagement such as breadwinning or leadership. We examined to what extent different prototypical representations of men affect men’s self-reported parental leave-taking intentions and more generally the future they can imagine for themselves with regard to work and care roles (i.e., their possible selves). We expected prototypes of men that combine the two basic stereotype dimensions of agency and communion to increase men’s communal intentions. In two experiments (N1= 132,N2= 233), we presented male participants with contrived newspaper articles that described the ideal man of today with varying degrees of agency and communion (between-subjects design with four conditions; combined agentic and communal vs. agentic vs. communal vs. control condition). Results of Experiment 1 were in line with the main hypothesis that especially presenting a combination of agency and communion increases men’s expectations for communal engagement: As compared to a control condition, men expected more to engage in caretaking in the future, reported higher parental leave-taking intentions, and tended to expect taking longer parental leave. Experiment 2 only partially replicated these findings, namely for parental leave-taking intentions. Both experiments additionally provided initial evidence for a contrast effect in that an exclusive focus on agency also increased men’s self-reported parental leave-taking intentions compared to the control condition. Yet, exclusively emphasizing communion in prototypes of men did not affect men’s communal intentions, which were high to begin with. We further did not find evidence for preregistered mechanisms. We discuss conditions and explanations for the emergence of these mixed effects as well as implications for the communication of gendered norms and barriers to men’s communal engagement more broadly.
Spatial parameters associated with the risk of banana bunchy top disease in smallholder systems
Authors: Dato Kéladomé Maturin Géoffroy , Dégbègni Mahougnon Robinson , Atchadé Mintodê Nicodème , Zandjanakou Tachin Martine , Hounkonnou Mahouton Norbert , Aman Omondi Bonaventure
Published: December 2021

The Banana Bunchy Top Disease (BBTD), caused by the Banana Bunchy Top Virus (BBTV) is the most important and devastating in many tropical countries. BBTD epidemiology has been little studied, mixed landscape smallholder systems. The relative risks associated with this disease vary between geographical areas and landscapes. This work analyzed the management and vegetation conditions in smallholder gardens to assess the factors linked to landscape-level BBTV transmission and management. Mapping was done in this study area which is in a BBTD-endemic region, involving farmers actively managing the disease, but with household-level decision making. A spatial scanning statistic was used to detect and identify spatial groups at the 5% significance threshold, and a Poisson regression model was used to explore propagation vectors and the effect of surrounding vegetation and crop diversity. Spatial groups with high relative risk were identified in three communities, Dangbo, Houéyogbé, and Adjarra. Significant associations emerged between the BBTD prevalence and some crop diversity, seed systems, and BBTD management linked factors. The identified factors form important candidate management options for the detailed assessment of landscape-scale BBTD management in smallholder communities.
A three-dimensional intelligent engineering management and control system for the construction of a long-span valve hall project based on a microservice architecture
Authors: Zeng Qinghe , Ming WeiHua , Luo Jin , Zhang SongAn , Hu Wei , Liu Zhen , Zhou CuiYing
Published: December 2021

Three-dimensional intelligent engineering management and control systems (EMCS) based on the browser/server (B/S) model are an important part of intelligent engineering development. These systems are used for solving the difficulties encountered in engineering management with frequent cross-specialties and are vital tools for data exchange and service sharing among multiple departments. Currently, most engineering management and control systems are based on service-oriented architectures (SOAs). The integration mechanism and high coupling of SOAs leads to the reduction in system expansibility, service quality and service safety of the engineering system, making it difficult for these architectures to serve the construction of long-span valve hall engineering. To address these concerns, the management and application technology of the multidisciplinary data of valve hall engineering based on a microservice architecture (MSA) is proposed to improve the management efficiency of engineering data. A 3D integration modeling method for valve hall engineering structures and geological environments is proposed to establish the topological association between engineering structures and geological environments, without increasing the amount of model data required. A 3D intelligent engineering management and control technology for the entire process of the construction of long-span valve hall engineering is proposed, which realizes the entire process simulation and control of engineering construction based on WebGL technology. Accordingly, a three-dimensional intelligent engineering management and control system for the entire construction process of a long-span valve hall project in Southeast China is established, which can effectively manage and apply the data, display and analyze the three-dimensional model, and control and make decisions regarding the construction schedule. This study provides support for the construction of "smart engineering", promotes information communication and transmission between different project units, and speeds up the transformation from traditional construction management relying on drawings to three-dimensional intelligent construction management based on cloud services.
Militarization, slow violence, and the emerging threat of condemnation in Hawai‘i
Authors: Tuteur N. Mahina
Published: December 2021

This article examines the environmental impacts of the US military presence in Hawaiʻi, looking specifically at the federal government’s power to condemn land for a ‘public purpose’ under the US Constitution. In 2018, the Hawaiʻi Supreme Court ruled that the State of Hawaiʻi failed its duty to properly manage 23,000 acres of lands leased to the military at Pōhakuloa and must take an active role in preserving trust property. With the expiration of this lease (and several others) approaching in 2029, controversy is stirring as to whether the military will simply condemn these lands if the cost of clean-up is greater than the land’s fair-market value at the expiration of the lease. In other words, as long as it remains cheaper for the military to pollute and condemn than it is for it to restore, what options do we have for legal and political recourse? Considering grassroots movements’ strategic use of media and legal action through an environmental justice lens, this article provides a starting point to consider avenues for ensuring proper clean-up of these lands, and ultimately, negotiating for their return to Kānaka Maoli.
Maintaining land and life in Vanuatu: Indigenous alter-natives of recovery following the Manaro eruption on Ambae, Vanuatu
Authors: Pfalzgraf Foley C.
Published: December 2021

Between 2017 and 2019, the Manaro volcano on the island of Ambae in Vanuatu erupted consistently, leading to two compulsory evacuations of the island’s communities. The eruption was only one of many ecological emergencies unfolding in Vanuatu as climate change continues to affect the islands. Amidst these overlapping crises, community leaders and the national government leveraged customary tenure practices to develop a system of customary reunion and secondary homes for evacuees. An analysis of 54 articles from the Vanuatu Daily Post’s media coverage of the Manaro eruption and disaster recovery from 2017 to 2019 reveals the centrality of customary tenure. While political ecologists have illustrated how disaster recovery policies can become disastrous in and of themselves, this article elaborates upon alter-native disaster recovery practices in Vanuatu and affirms the centrality of land control to Indigenous and settler futures.
Feminism and the ecosystem catastrophe: Feeling alternative futures
Authors: Swift Tamara E.
Published: December 2021

This article builds an ecofeminist lens from community efforts as a form of feeling alternative futures in Hawaiʻi, with broader application for elsewhere. Women and children are critical groups on the front lines of climate-related crises, including food and housing insecurity, and the fight for environmental justice. Drawing upon personal experience, in this article, I highlight several grassroots projects that I have been connected to on the island of Oʻahu in Hawaiʻi that exemplify community-based efforts to conceptualize, build and feel sustainable alternative futures. In the face of compounding human existential crises, it is women’s grassroots community organizing, Indigenous knowledges and traditional Hawaiian practices that are leading the way to sustainable food production, community building, and resurgent Hawaiian sovereignty. Through practical community-engaged experience, and learning from these communities, we can feel ecofeminist alternative futures and enact sustainable practices that challenge the current climate emergency.
Living in lost futures
Authors: Taschereau Mamers Danielle
Published: December 2021

How do you teach about crises amid crisis? This article and accompanying zine reflect on my preparation for and delivery of an undergraduate seminar about the intersecting environmental, social and political crises that are frequently bundled together under the term ‘the Anthropocene’. Our course was designed and taught amid the COVID-19 global pandemic. Through readings, guest lectures and a digital humanities writing project, my students and I worked to take a desire-based rather than damage-centred approach to receiving and telling stories about the lost futures we are living through and the lost futures to come.
Morse theory and the calculus of variations
Authors: Tromba Anthony
Published: December 2021

We prove for the first time that classical Morse theory applies to functionals of the form

𝒥
⁢

(
u
)

=

1
2

⁢

∫
Ω

A

α
⁢
β

i
⁢
j

⁢

(
x
)

⁢

∂
⁡

u
i

∂
⁡

x
α

⁢

∂
⁡

u
j

∂
⁡

x
β

⁢

𝑑
x

+

∫
Ω

G
⁢

(
x
,
u
)

⁢

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x

\displaystyle\mathcal{J}(u)=\frac{1}{2}\int_{\Omega}A^{ij}_{\alpha\beta}(x)%
\frac{\partial u^{i}}{\partial x^{\alpha}}\frac{\partial u^{j}}{\partial x^{%
\beta}}\,dx+\int_{\Omega}G(x,u)\,dx

where

u
:

Ω
→

ℝ
N

{u:\Omega\to\mathbb{R}^{N}}

,

Ω
⊂

ℝ
n

{\Omega\subset\mathbb{R}^{n}}

compact with

C
∞

{C^{\infty}}

boundary

∂
⁡
Ω

{\partial\Omega}

,

u
|

∂
⁡
Ω

=
φ

{u|_{\partial\Omega}=\varphi}

, and we argue that this is the largest class to which Morse theory applies.
„ … unter allerlei Plunder eine alte zerfetzte Landkarte“ Papyrus P 11702: Anmerkungen zu den Zeichnungen
Authors: Vaelske Veit , Durot Nathalie , Gerhardt Marius
Published: December 2021

Analysis of the drawings on a 5th century AD papyrus containing a list of multiplications. On the recto, an eagle with XI monogram emblematises the Christian notion of resurrection and ascent of the soul. On the verso, what was earlier considered just an ornament is in fact a geographical map of an Eastern Desert wadi and is fashioned following patterns of older Egyptian cartography.
Fragment eines Gerstedarlehens (P.Colon. Inv. 7969)
Authors: Skarsouli Eleni
Published: December 2021

First edition of a papyrus fragment from the Cologne collection that contains part of a loan of barley.
A strategos on Trial before the Provincial Governor: a New Look at a Petition to the Roman Prefect of Egypt (P.Wisc. I 33)
Authors: Dolganov Anna
Published: December 2021

P.Wisc. 1 33 is a petition reporting an act of violence, supposedly committed against a strategos of the Arsinoite nome. A re-examination of the papyrus reveals that the strategos in question was not the victim, but was himself being summoned for trial before the governor. The document thereby attests to the most high-profile prosecution of an official in Roman Egypt for which documentary evidence survives.
Ten Documentary Fragments of Late Date
Authors: Gonis Nikolaos
Published: December 2021

Editions of ten fragmentary documents of the sixth and seventh centuries from four British collections.
Study abroad, human capital development, language commodification, and social inequalities
Authors: Goldoni Federica
Published: December 2021

Neoliberal discourse has seeped into various practices of higher education and study abroad (SA), emphasizing the value of human capital development through international education and foreign language learning. Applied linguists have been strongly critiquing neoliberal ideologies, and how they reproduce social inequalities. In this study, the examples of Albert, Theresa, and Rebecca, three U.S. undergraduates in Spain, exhibit how elements of neoliberal discourse and the consumerist notion of second language education as a commodity perpetuate social inequalities abroad and at home. These students were part of an ethnographic study (2007–2008) that included 117 U.S. undergraduates enrolled in four academic SA programs in Spain. The stories of Albert, Theresa, and Rebecca are significant because they had traction within their SA cohort. The consumerist notion of education as a commodity was employed as the analytical framework in conjunction with Bourdieu’s concept of capital (1986). This study problematizes the neoliberal logic and the promise of human capital development associated with language learning through SA. It calls for more diversity, equity, inclusion in SA. A social justice pedagogical paradigm is discussed as a valid, alternative approach to help students emphasize humanistic imperatives over individualist imperatives, gain global understanding, and contribute to world justice.
Pay-as-You-Go Social Security and Educational Subsidy in an Overlapping Generations Model with Endogenous Fertility and Endogenous Retirement
Authors: Chen Hung-Ju , Miyazaki Koichi
Published: December 2021

This study analytically investigates the effects of pay-as-you-go social security and educational subsidies on the fertility rate, retirement age, and GDP per capita growth rate in an overlapping generations model, where parents invest resources toward their children’s human capital. We find that an old agent retires fully when his or her labor productivity is low and retires later when the labor productivity is high. Under the unique balanced-growth-path (BGP) equilibrium, when an old agent is still engaged in work, tax rates are neutral to the fertility rate, higher tax rates encourage him or her to retire earlier, a higher social security tax rate depresses the GDP per capita growth rate, and a higher tax rate for educational subsidies can accelerate growth. However, when an old agent fully retires, higher tax rates increase the fertility rate, a higher social security tax rate lowers the GDP per capita growth rate, and a higher tax rate for educational subsidies boosts growth. Additionally, if an old agent’s labor productivity increases, the fertility rate also increases. We also conduct numerical simulations and analyze how an old agent’s labor productivity affects the retirement age, fertility rate, and GDP per capita growth rate under the BGP equilibrium.