bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Motiváció vizsgálata Herzberg kéttényezős modellje és az öndeterminációs elmélet alapján
Authors: Dajnoki Krisztina , Ujhelyi Mária , Filep Roland
Published: January 2022

Napjainkban az emberi erőforrás felértékelődése világméretű jelenség, a hagyományos HR funkciókon belül a motiváció és ösztönzés kérdésköre közkedvelt és kihívást jelentő területet jelent. Tanulmányunkban egy szolgáltató szervezet dolgozóinak motiváltságát meghatározó tényezők vizsgálatát tűztük ki célul. Ennek érdekében Herzberg kéttényezős modelljét és az Öndeterminációs elmélet tényezőit elemeztük. Arra a kérdésre kerestünk választ, hogy valóban olyan fontos kulcstényezőként jelenik-e meg a munkahelyhez való kötődés és a jó munkahelyi légkör, mint ahogyan azt az aktuális szakirodalmi elemzések bemutatják. Megkérdeztük a munkavállalókat arról, hogy a Herzberg-modellben szereplő jellemzők közül egy ideális munkahely esetében mit tartanak fontosnak, valamint a jelenlegi munkahely milyen lehetőséget teremt az Öndeterminációs elméletben szereplő három pszichológiai szükséglet gyakorlására. A regresszió elemzés eredményei alapján megállapítottuk, hogy a „kreatív, önálló munkavégzésre való ösztönzés” és az „egyéni szakmai fejlődés biztosítása” pozitív kapcsolatban áll a motiváltsággal, az „alapbér fontossága” ezzel fordított irányú összefüggést mutat. Ez utóbbit az „elvégzett munka, kapott bér egyensúlya” változóval korrelációszámítással vizsgálva megállapítható, hogy a változók között fordított irányú a kapcsolat, azaz minél magasabb a bérigény, annál kisebb az elvégzett munkához viszonyított észlelt egyensúly. A válaszadók megítélése szerint többet tesznek a szervezetért, mint amennyi ellenszolgáltatást kapnak érte. Az eredmények alapján a vizsgált szervezetben a dolgozók motiváltságának fenntartása, fokozása érdekében a vezetőknek oda kell figyelniük arra, hogy a beosztottaknak lehetőséget biztosítsanak a folyamatos szakmai fejlődés mellett az önálló, kreatív munkavégzésre is. A munkabér növelése Herzberg szerint nem motivátor, hanem higiénés tényező, így nincs hatással az elégedettségre, ezáltal a motiváció növelésére, viszont az elégedetlenséget csökkentheti, ezért a vezetőknek érdemes erre is gondot fordítaniuk. Hasonló a helyzet a jó munkahelyi kapcsolatokkal, amely a regressziós modellbe ugyan nem került be, de mindkét modellben a legmagasabb átlagértékeket kapta.
Typing the settlements of Homokhátság
Authors: Szombathelyi Sándor
Published: January 2022

The status, problems and break out points of the Homokhátság have been examined by Bálint Csatári and his colleagues many times before. The uncategorized rural area in the classical interpretation is in big trouble because it should preserve its uniqueness and beauty despite the risk of desertification and the negative effects of the new age globalization. Studies and examinations are necessary so decision makers can get appropriate help and information to create effective action plans reinforced with financial plans which are Homokhátság specific and could achieve sustainable rural development based on the resources of the rural economy. The issues and methods of settlement categorisation are already known and have existed for a long time. This factor and cluster analysis executed in the SPSS application gives one answer to them. This article provides one possible solution to this problem.
Analysis of consumption behavior related to local products and their online distribution
Authors: Orbán Zsolt Ádám
Published: January 2022

While the literature and the EU’s agricultural policy emphasize the role of local products and short supply chains (SSC), the market opportunities for small farmers are increasingly barren due to the price-depressing effect of large multinational firms, which can also be seen in local networks. The main goal of the paper was to examine how the local market as a classic form of the short supply chain can be characterized and whether its operation could be helped by modern solutions. The involved primary research has focused on the opinion of the farmers and costumers about Hungarian and local products in the Kecskemét micro region as a traditionally agricultural area. Using questionnaires and in-depth interview method the shopping habits and preferences of the costumers and the experience of the farmers concerning to local food and SSC were analyzed on the local market of the micro regional center in Kecskemét city. During the research there was a focus on the communication channels and the information flow between the producers and consumers. Based on the results the consumers consciously buy and prefer local agricultural products creating a good economical basis for local farmers. However there is a definite need for better communication and more information in SSC. Modern solutions and marketing channels (e.g. web shops, direct websites, Facebook profiles and other IT solutions) have been identified as key factors.
A Hajdú-Bihar megyei szántóföldi növénytermesztéssel foglalkozó társas vállalkozások jövedelmezőségének megítélése különös tekintettel a hajdúböszörményi gazdálkodókra
Authors: Erdős Adél Dorottya , Szőllősi László
Published: January 2022

Magyarországon a mezőgazdaság az alapanyagtermelés tekintetében kimagasló szereppel bír. Az agráriumon belül a legnagyobb arányt képviselő növénytermesztési ágazatot a támogatáspolitika is kiemelten kezeli. Hazánkban számos olyan megye található, ahol kimagasló feltételek (jó talajminőség, kedvező időjárási körülmények, magas aranykorona értékű szántó) állnak rendelkezésre a növénytermelésre. Az egyik legjelentősebb megyének Hajdú-Bihar tekinthető, ahol 325 ezer hektár szántóterület található. A hajdúböszörményi vállalkozások e terület mintegy 8%-át használják. Kutatómunkánk során szekunder adatokat dolgoztunk fel a KSH (agráriumot jellemző országos és megyei adatok) és az EMIS adatbázisából (társas vállalkozások beszámolóinak adatai). A vizsgált 853 magyarországi vállalkozáson belül különös figyelmet fordítottunk a Hajdú-Bihar megyei és hajdúböszörményi gazdaságokra. A működési ROS, ROE és a ROI értékei alapján megállapítottuk, hogy mind a megyei, mind a hajdúböszörményi üzemek jövedelmezően termeltek, viszont eltérő üzemmérettel rendelkeztek. A hajdúböszörményi társas vállalkozások a működési ROS tekintetében (12,57%) kedvezőbb helyzetben voltak az országos (5,30%) és a megyei (8,90%) átlagértékekhez viszonyítva. Mindez a magasabb befektetett eszközértékkel és -aránnyal magyarázható a 2015-2019-es időszakra vonatkozóan. E mögött korszerűbb technológia feltételezhető.
Magyarországon regisztrált bűncselekmények változásának alakulása a COVID-19 járvány időszakában
Authors: Sólyomfi Andrea Hanna
Published: January 2022

A 2019-ben, Kínában kitört járvány 2020 januárban kezdett nemzetközi szinten elterjedni a világban. A WHO 2020. január 30-án vészhelyzetet hirdetett, a járvány egyik gócpontja pedig 2020. márciusára áthelyeződött az Európai Unió területére. 2020. március 14-ét követően egymás után jelentették be az európai országok kormányai a korlátozó intézkedéseket. A legtipikusabb korlátozó intézkedés a kijárási tilalom volt, de az utazási korlátozások is mindennapossá váltak. Magyarországot sem kerülte el a pandémia, amelynek hatására a kormány kijárási korlátozást léptetett életbe. Az akkor életbe léptetett rendelkezések alapján mindenki köteles más emberekkel a szociális érintkezést a lehető legkisebb mértékűre korlátozni, és a másik embertől lehetőség szerint legalább 1,5 méter távolságot tartani. Vendéglátó üzletben – az ott foglalkoztatottak kivételével – tartózkodni tilos volt. A lakóhely, a tartózkodási hely, illetve a magánlakás elhagyására csak a rendeletben meghatározott alapos indokkal kerülhetett sor. A rendelet szerinti korlátozó intézkedések betartását a rendőrség ellenőrizte, a katonai rendészet és a rendvédelmi feladatokat ellátó szervek hivatásos állományának szolgálati jogviszonyáról szóló törvény szerinti bármely szerv bevonásával. A COVID19 koronavírus járvány számtalan ponton érinti a biztonság különböző vetületeit. Ilyen területek a gazdasági és szociális biztonság, az ellátásbiztonság, az egészségügyi ellátórendszer biztonsága. Emellett természetesen számtalan egyéb terület is érintett lehet a járvány hatásaival. Ezek közül a jelen tanulmány a kriminológia területét elemezi, Magyarország fókusszal. A vizsgálódás középpontjába a 2020-ban regisztrált bűncselekmények számának alakulása áll. Célja pedig annak elemzése, hogy a koronavírus járvány gazdasági és társadalmi hatásai megjelennek-e a hazai bűnügyi statisztikákban, és ha igen, akkor milyen területekre fókuszálva.
Barriers of the internationalization in SMEs in transition countries: evidence and methodological suggestion in case of Mongolia
Authors: Altnaa Ulziimaa , Neszmélyi György Iván
Published: January 2022

Globally, Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) have been recognized as pivotal contributors to the country’s economy. The main goal of this paper is to investigate country specific barriers to the internationalization process in SMEs in the transition country’s context. SMEs in transition countries deal with the common challenges that are usually occurred in other economies as well and they also have to overcome challenges of institutional external and internal barriers during their internationalization. We set and suggest a mixed-method research design to explore barriers to the SMEs' internationalization phenomenon in transition countries from various perspectives using diverse approaches as Mongolia as a case. By this paper, we can contribute to the narrow existing literature in the field of the internationalization of SMEs in the transition countries by investigating SMEs in Mongolia so as to provide implications to researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and SME owners or managers.
Numerical Analysis of a Flow over a Naca0015 Airfoil Containing the Flap and Gurney Flap Elements
Authors: Silva Maffei Felipe , Angelo Gabriel , Maria Stortini González Velázquez Silvia , Luis Rabelo de Almeida Sergio , Alexandre Onoda Pessanha Jorge , Angelo Edvaldo
Published: January 2022

The present work aimed at numerical simulation of a two-dimensional, incompressible and steady-state airflow over a NACA0015 airfoil with flap and Gurney flap using the standard turbulence models k-epsilon, k-omega and versions of these models with modified constants. All meshes used were structured. Comparison of the results of the turbulence models with experimental data from the literature shows differences between the results in the leading-edge region. The differences were minimized by adjusting the contents of the turbulence models. For validation, the k-epsilon turbulence model with modified constants was used in a new simulation of a profile (NACA0012), which agrees with several experimental studies; however, it does not show better results.
Impact socio-économique des collèges de proximité sur les populations paysannes : Cas des personnes impactées du village de Tiéplé de la région du Gbêkê bénéficiaire du projet du millenium Challenge Corporation (MCC)
Authors: Kouassi Kan Adolphe KOUADIO
Published: January 2022

This study was conducted in the village of Tiéplé in the sub-prefecture of Bouaké. It was carried out through questionnaires and interviews with the farmers who use the construction site of the community college, village authorities and neutral persons. The objective of this study is to analyze the impact of the construction of the college on the peasant population. According to the data from the study, the school is highly desirable because it brings parents and children closer together, promotes child monitoring, and thus reduces early pregnancies, school failure, and the expenses of parents. On the other hand, the construction of the college leads to the destruction of agricultural crops (perennial and food crops) of a surface of 4 ha. This fact reinforces the vulnerability of farmers who have difficulty accessing arable land.
Assessment of academic achievements of special children
Authors: Hafeez Muhammad
Published: January 2022

Life skills play a key role in the academic achievement of students and the development of a society and nation. This research aims to investigate the life skills of male and female mentally retarted students, to assess the life skills of female and male mentally retarded students as perceived by their teachers, to analyze the academic achievements of the mentally retarded students, and to investigate the impact of the life skills of mentally retarded students on their academic achievement. A total of 20 students in the 10th grade and their teachers were selected for the current study. The researcher used a questionnaire for data collection and they were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and percentage formula. The results of the study showed that students with mental retardation achieved low academic scores.  These low academic achievements of students with mental retardation indicated that children with mental retardation need special care and extra efforts to achieve better academic achievements.
Keywords: Life Skills; Academic Achievement; Mental Retardation; Students, Teachers
Reviews on the Application of Effectivités in 2012 Nicaragua and Colombia Case
Authors: Jia Tingkai
Published: January 2022

Effectivités is a unique principle developed in the process of settling territorial disputes by the International Court of Justice. It is gradually developed in judicial practice and plays a very important role in settling territorial disputes. From the perspective of the case of territorial and maritime dispute between Nicaragua and Colombia, which was tried by the International Court of Justice in 2012, and combined with other cases that applied Effectivités, this paper analyzes and discusses the basic theoretical basis and considerations of the application of this principle by the International Court of Justice, and the relationship between this principle and other applicable sources or rules of international law.
Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab dengan Aplikasi WhatsApp untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Menulis Siswa
Authors: Kinanti Sheila Sabrina , Thoyyibah Anisatu , Mauludiyah Lailatul
Published: January 2022

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan berdasarkan banyaknya kesulitan yang dirasakan oleh guru, siswa maupun wali siswa selama pembelajaran daring. Karena banyaknya siswa dan wali siswa kurang faham dengan teknologi pembelajaran, maka peneliti menggunakan WhatsApp sebagai media pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pembelajaran melalui WhatsApp. Selain itu juga untuk mengetahui tingkat efektivitas pembelajaran daring berbasis WhatsApp untuk meningkatkan keterampilan menulis bahasa Arab siswa kelas 7 SMP Generasi Rabbani Bogor. Metode penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini ialah kuantitatif dengan jenis asosiatif. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian ini sebanyak 15 siswa dari kelas 7 SMP Generasi Rabbani Bogor di semester genap tahun ajaran 2020/2021. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berupa observasi, tes dan wawancara. Analisis data yang digunakan mencakup uji validitas, uji reliabilitas, uji-T berpasangan dan uji efektivitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan WhatsApp sebagai forum pembelajaran menggunakan fitur grup, voice note dan kamera dibuktikan melalui perbedaan signifikan nilai pretest dan posttest. Ditunjukkan rata-rata nilai pretest sebesar 61,66 dan posttest 83,66. Sedangkan untuk uji efektivitas dibuktikan berdasarkan rumus N-Gain dengan hasil 57,19%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa WhatsApp dapat meningkatkan mahārah kitābah siswa kelas 7 SMP Generasi Rabbani Bogor dengan kategori “cukup efektif”.
Associative and Dissociative Social Interaction Patterns In The Inclusion School Of SD Taman Muda Ibu Pawiyatan Yogyakarta
Authors: Calista Wina , Mudiyono Mudiyono
Published: January 2022

Abstract
The background of this study is still the occurrence of rejection and disputes between regular students and students with special needs in inclusion schools. This certainly has an impact on student relationships in schools. Therefore, this study aims to describe the pattern of associative and dissociative interaction of regular students and students with special needs at SD Taman Muda Ibu Pawiyatan Yogyakarta. This type of research is qualitative research with a phenomenology approach. The result of this study is a pattern of associative interaction between regular students and students with special needs classified in the form of cooperation, assimilation, and accommodation. Cooperation is seen at the activities in the school. This form of assimilation between regular students and students with special needs is the planting of a tolerance attitude. The form of accommodation between regular students and students with special needs leads to a form of arbitration and tolerance. Dissociative interaction patterns between regular students and students with special needs are classified in patterns of competition, contravention, and conflict/strife. Competition occurs in academic competition and competition to be the best student. While the contravention which leads to rejection and the onset of displeased feelings hidden by students against the companion of students with special needs(shadow teacher). The conflict is dominated by students with special needs with emotional and behavioral disorders (unsociability disorder).
 
The Headmaster Perceptions On The Supervisors Performance Managerial And Principal Influence Of Islamic Elementary School In Yogyakarta
Authors: Widodo Hadi , Iskandar Wahyu
Published: January 2022

Abstract

Supervisors are part of the administrative education staff that has long been regulated in Government Regulation No. 38 of 1992 concerning educational personnel. Supervisory responsibilities in the context of improving the quality of education have spread in the Ministry of Education Regulation No. 12 of 2007 and Regulation of the Minister of Religion No. 2 of 2012. The basic purpose of this study is to see how the perception of the head of Islamic Elementary School State 1 in Yogyakarta (MIN 1 Yogyakarta city) on the performance of managerial supervisors inYogyakarta which includes planning, implementation, and evaluation of managerial supervision and its influence on the performance of the principal of Islamic Elementary School State 1 in Yogyakarta. Researchers obtained data from 2 retrievals, namely empirically qualitative and discrete quantitative figures. Qualitative data were obtained from perceptions or views of research subjects. While quantitative data is obtained from the acquisition of numbers and scoring by means of the index and categorized using the Rating Scale. This method is known as the Mix method. The results of this study (1) The performance of managerial supervision in the planning of supervisory programs according to the perception of the headmaster of Islamic Elementary School State 1 Yogyakarta with an average score of 95.83% is classified as a very good category (2) in the implementation of supervision programs managerial with an average score of 92.65% categorized very good (3) in the evaluation of managerial supervision programs with an average score of 91.67% categorized very good.
Perpetrators of Gender-Based and Sexual Harassment in the Field of Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: Giglio Victoria , Schneider Patricia , Madden Kim , Bond Zoe , McKay Paula , Bozzo Anthony , Bhandari Mohit , Ghert Michelle
Published: January 2022

Background:

The prevalence of gender-based and sexual harassment in the field of orthopaedic surgery in Canada is high. Previous research in other jurisdictions has identified the most common perpetrators of harassment to be senior surgeons or directors. We aimed to identify the most frequent perpetrators of gender-based and sexual harassment in orthopaedic surgery in Canada.

Methods:

We conducted a Canada-wide survey of all orthopaedic surgeons registered with the Canadian Orthopaedic Association and the Canadian Orthopaedic Residents’ Association. The development of our 116-item questionnaire was informed by a review of the literature and other published gender-based and sexual harassment surveys. Descriptive analyses, including frequency counts with associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs), are reported for all data.

Results:

Of the 465 survey respondents, the median age was 43 years (interquartile range, 35 to 59) and respondents were most commonly male (72%), White (81%), married (77%), and staff orthopaedic surgeons (68%). Peers were identified as the most common perpetrators of gender-based harassment (55%, 95% CI, 50 to 59), and patients were identified as the most common perpetrators of sexual harassment (48%, 95% CI, 43 to 52). Women were more likely to report direct supervisors or patients as the perpetrators of gender-based and sexual harassment, and men reported peers as the most common perpetrators.

Conclusion:

Orthopaedic surgery peers and patients are the most commonly reported perpetrators of gender-based and sexual harassment in Canada. The results of this study may be helpful to institutions in designing and focusing educational programs and/or policies and procedures to help reduce harassment incidents in the training and work environment.
Improving Student Competence in the Preparation of Individual Teaching Programs for Students with Special Needs in Inclusive Classes
Authors: Ni’matuzahroh Ni’matuzahroh
Published: January 2022

This research aimed to improve students’ ability in developing Individual Teaching Program (PPI) Module for Children with Special Need. This study used quasi experimental with between-group design. Seventh semester of Psychology students who was taking a Psychology for Children with Special Need course were the subject of the research. Data collection was obtained through observation, interview, Focus Group Discussion, and documentation. The data analysis was descriptive-quantitative. The analysis result was used to interpret the research findings. The findings showed that most of the subjects got more understanding after treatment. The study implies that in the future research, it is necessary to conduct sustainable guided program, intensive time table, and implementation of the program so that the subjects experience the real practice
The Relationship Between Parental Attachment And Student Discipline At Mts Nurul Huda Sedati
Authors: Mursini Septian Dwi , Widyastuti Widyastuti
Published: January 2022

This research is a correlational quantitative method that is motivated by phenomena that seek to undiscipline in school environment. This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between parents with discipline students in MTs Nurul Huda Sedati. Variables in this research is Parent attachment as independent variable (X) and Discipline as independent variable (Y). This research was conducted in MTs Nurul Huda Sedati covering class VII-IX with total sample of 221 students, taken using proporsionate stratified random sampling technique. Data collection in this research using psychological model that is Likert, that is IPPA scale (parent attachment) and disciplinary scale. Hypothesis in this research is there is positive relation between parent attachment with student discipline. Data analysis was done by statistical technique from Product Moment from Pearson using SPSS 18.0 for windows. The result of data analysis show open coefficient (rxy) = 0,285 with significance level 0.000 (less than 0,01) accepted hypothesis. The results showed there was a positive relationship between parents with discipline students in MTs Nurul Huda Sedati.
Religiosity and Subjective Welfare of Women with HIV/AIDS in Surabaya
Authors: Putra M. G. Bagus Ani
Published: January 2022

This research aims to analyze relation between HIV infection status and religiousness and subjective well being women survivor in Surabaya. The method of this research used interview and questioner toward 28 HIV/AID women survivors in Surabaya. That subjects were selected of 50 women survivors in Surabaya to gain positive HIV diagnosis. In early psychological intervention, we had 30 participants but only 28 participants who attended in medical analysis. Data analysis used statistical test with correlation analysis between psychological and medical variable. As the result, there is a correlation between HIV infection status and religiousness and subjective well being women survivors in Surabaya. It means, if they have a HIV infection status, they have better religiousness and level of subjective well being.
Relationship between religiosity and resilience in breast cancer survivors
Authors: Rachman Mutya Puji Nur , Fahmi Irfan , Hermawati Nisa
Published: January 2022

Breast cancer survivors feel stressed and weak when receiving a verdict, but not a few of them are able to rise up and submit to God that they will be cured. The results aims to determine the relationship between religiosity and resilience in breast cancer survivors. The method is bivariate correlational. Subject of this study is 35 breast cancer survivors of Bandung Cancer Society. The measuring instrument were the Religiusity Scale and Resilience Scale. The results showed that religiosity with resilience in breast cancer survivors has a positive relationship with a correlation value of 0.597 or moderate level of correlation, coefficient of determination is 0.356 or 35.64%. Religiosity aspects that have the highest contribution value are forgiveness aspects with a contribution value of 0.913, and the aspect of resilience which has the highest contribution value in increasing resilience is the aspect of work engagement with a contribution value of 0.917.
Risk Management Practices and Financial Performance: The Case of Sultanate of Oman
Authors: AL Mamari Shima Hamdan , Al Ghassani Ahad Said , Ahmed Essia Ries
Published: January 2022

The main objective of this study is to test the relationship between risk management practices and bank's financial performance. This is quantitative study, where the quantitative data was collected via secondary data. Data collection from the annual reports of eight banks listed in Muscat Stock Exchange (MSX). In this research, data collected is analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) with Partial Least Square PLS Software. The findings revealed that risk management is positively meaningful while avoiding risk .The findings pointed that the risk management has significant relation with a ROA. This result indicates that management has a significant influence on banks performance (ROA). As well as, the findings found that the risk management insignificantly related to a (ROE).
Evolution of Fault-Zone Hydromechanical Properties in Response to Different Cementation Processes
Authors: Romano C. R. , Williams R. T.
Published: January 2022

Progressive cementation and sealing of fault-localized fractures impact crustal mass transport and the recovery of fault strength following slip events. We use discrete fracture network (DFN) models to examine how fracture sealing during end-member cementation mechanisms (i.e., reaction- versus transported-limited cementation) influences the partitioning of fluid flow through time. DfnWorks was used to generate randomized fracture networks parameterized with fracture orientation data compiled from field studies. Single-phase flow simulations were performed for each network over a series of timesteps, and network parameters were modified to reflect progressive fracture sealing consistent with either reaction- or transport-limited crystal growth. Results show that when fracture cementation is reaction-limited, fluid flow becomes progressively channelized into a smaller number of fractures with larger apertures. When fracture cementation is transport-limited, fluid flow experiences progressive dechannelization, becoming more homogeneously distributed throughout the fracture network. These behaviors are observed regardless of the DFN parameterization, suggesting that the effect is an intrinsic component of all fracture networks subjected to the end-member cementation mechanisms. These results have first-order implications for the spatial distribution of fluid flow in fractured rocks and recovery of permeability and strength during fault/fracture healing in the immediate aftermath of fault slip.
Effects of Intramuscular Vitamin E Administration on Chemical Composition of Lactating West African Dwarf (Wad) Goats Milk.
Authors: Adeoye Samson , James Ikechukwu , Nwosu Emmanuela , Daramola James , Adewumi o. o , Adelabu Akintayo
Published: January 2022

Goats in Africa are constantly exposed to adverse weather conditions which leads to production deficiencies. Vitamin E ameliorates such effects as it aids better utilization of nutrients and increases quality of animal-based products, especially milk. This study investigated effect of vitamin E administration on some milk constituents of lactating West Africa Dwarf (WAD) goats. Twenty-four (24) lactating WAD does were randomly assigned to three treatment groups: T0 (control) received no vitamin E, while lactating does in T2 and T3 received 75 and 150 IU of vitamin E respectively. Milk samples were collected, frozen at -4°C and analyzed for some milk constituents. Lactating does administered 150 IU produced the highest (p<0.05) milk protein (3.66%), titratable acidity (0.20%), total solids (13%) and casein (3.52%), but higher mean value of calcium (257.63 mg/100g) was recorded compared to does injected 75 IU. Late stage of lactation produced the highest (p<0.05) milk protein (3.88%), lactose (4.62%), total solids (13.17%), solids-non-fat (9.41%) and casein (3.53%) while early stage of lactation had the highest (p<0.05) calcium (266.21 mg/100g), phosphorus (28.98 mg/100g), zinc (2.68 mg/100g) and copper (0.22 mg/100g). Milk protein, lactose (LAC), moisture content (MC), total solids (TS), solids-non-fat (SNF), casein and copper (Cu) were stable (p<0.05) at the end of twelve weeks of milk storage duration (MSD). The study concluded that vitamin E administration improved the quality of milk constituents of lactating WAD does.
Modeling the Effects of the Factors Affecting IGF in Coastal Areas and Variation of IGF in Jiaodong Peninsula of China Based on Finite Element Method
Authors: Chu Hong-Xu , Xing Zan-Yang , Wang Yan-Ling , Nanan Balan , Zhang Qing-He , Liang Li-Kai , Wang Han
Published: January 2022

Based on finite element method, we develop a model of the induced geoelectric field (IGF) occurring in land-sea boundary regions during large geomagnetic field disturbances. The model is used first to study the effects of the changes in the lithospheric conductivity, ionospheric current, and ocean depth on the distribution of IGF in a typical land-sea boundary region. The results show that the changes in the lithospheric conductivity and ionospheric current (frequency, magnitude and direction) have major effects and ocean depth has minor effect on IGF in coastal areas. Then by incorporating a realistic 3-D conductivity variation of Jiaodong Peninsula (JDP) in China obtained from measured data, the model is used to simulate the IGF variation in JDP covering its land-sea boundaries for east-west and north-south ionospheric currents. The results show a new aspect that extremely large IGF development on the land side of the coastal bay areas perpendicular to the currnet compared to plane coastal areas. The results can stimulate detailed investigations of IGF (and GIC, geomagnetically induced current) in coastal areas.
Agroforestry as a Pathway to Climate-Smart Agribusiness: Challenges and Opportunities to Smallholder Farmers in Developing Countries
Authors: Kassa Getahun
Published: January 2022

Agroforestry systems have become increasingly relevant in recent days as they introduced new commercial opportunities to smallholder farmers. In the same vein, being an eco-friendly practice has gained agroforestry systems popularity as a climate-smart agriculture practice. However, exploiting the investment potential of agroforestry systems requires understanding their challenges and opportunities as a business. The review addresses the combination of annual crops with trees to ensure stable income, social, and environmental justice. In a nutshell, by creating a productive, resilient, and low-emission land-use for smallholder farmers, agroforestry systems can be an effective and efficient pathway towards climate-smart agribusiness and to the achievement of the Global Goal of Sustainable Development.
Why choose paediatrics? A systematic review of factors affecting choice of paediatrics as a career
Authors: Kahvo Mia , Vallabhaneni Pramodh
Published: January 2022

Background
Despite being a popular specialty at the undergraduate level, paediatrics lags behind most other medical and surgical specialties for postgraduate recruitment. As many individuals decide on their future career choice while still in medical school, it is important to identify the factors that attract individuals to a career in paediatrics.
Objective
To determine the positive influencing factors determining paediatrics as a career choice.
Methods
A systematic review of primary research articles was conducted searching Medline, Embase, ERIC and Google Scholar, in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses recommendations. Studies exploring medical student, junior doctor and current paediatricians’ perceptions of paediatrics were included. Factors affecting career choice were identified.
Results
Eight studies out of a possible 705 met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Five key influencing themes were identified. These were: early undergraduate and clinical exposure to paediatrics; the presence of role models and mentors; an enjoyable working atmosphere and varied clinical work; a personal commitment to paediatrics; and working with children.
Conclusion
Medical students are drawn by the wide clinical variety in paediatrics, enjoyable ward atmosphere and enthusiastic colleagues. Given the importance of early clinical exposure in determining student motivation, paediatrics needs to do more to advertise the wide variety of clinical and research work available, starting early in medical school. Medical students need to be offered more opportunities to experience the specialty through student selected components, summer schools, or workshops, requiring coordination between medical schools and regional paediatric departments.
A Unified Framework of Deep Unfolding for Compressed Color Imaging
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Feng Wu , Yuanyuan Zhu , Jiaxuan Zhou , Wei Sui
Published: January 2022

Traditional iterative-based reconstruction algorithms for compressed color imaging often suffer from long reconstruction time and low reconstruction accuracy at extreme low-rate subsampling. This paper proposes a model-driven deep learning framework for compressed color imaging. In the training step, extract the image blocks at the same position of the R, G, and B channel images as the ground truth, then singular value decomposition is performed on the measurement matrix to obtain the optimized measurement matrix and low-dimensional measurements, afterwards the ground-truth and optimized measurements are utilized to construct a large amount of training data pairs to train an ‘end-to-end’ deep unfolding model for compressed color imaging. In the test step, the single pretrained model is used to reconstruct high-quality images from optimized low-dimensional compressed measurements for each channel and synthesize a color image. Numerical experiments demonstrate that our proposed unified framework can achieve high accuracy and real-time reconstruction for the color image at extremely low subsampling rate.
Synergistic effects of calcium peroxide and Fe3O4@BC composites on AVS removal, phosphorus and chromium release in sediments
Authors: Li Yintian , Huang Yanchun , Wang Xueying , Gou Ge , Liu Chao , Lai Bo , Li Jun , He Yunxin , Li Naiwen
Published: January 2022

Black-odorous sediment pollution in urban have received widespread attention, especially pollution caused by acidified volatile sulfide (AVS), phosphorus and heavy metals. Fe3O4 was loaded onto the biochar (BC) by coprecipitate method to synthesize Fe3O4@BC composites, which were mixed with calcium peroxide (CP) to sediment pollution treatment. In this study, the removal of AVS was analyzed from three aspects: firstly, AVS was oxidized with oxygen produced by CP. And then, Fe2+ could activate H2O2 produced by CP to generate hydroxyl radicals which have strong oxidation property to oxidize AVS. Finally, AVS was removed by bacterial denitrification. The results showed that the AVS removal rate could reach 71% compared with the blank group on the 25th day. With the addition of CP and Fe3O4@BC, the content of overlying water remained at 0.1 mg/L, which was due to the conversion of NH4Cl-P and Fe/Al-P in sediments into Ca-P to inhibit the release of phosphorus. At the same time, the acid extractable state and the reducible state of Cr in the sediment also decreased to 0.58% and 0.97%, which inhibited the release and migration of the heavy metal Cr. In addition, the results of high-throughput genetic test showed that the CP+Fe3O4@BC group had a great increase in the total number of microorganisms compared to other groups. The abundance of Sulfurovum increased while that of sulphate-Reducing Bacteria (SRBs) was inhibited. Moreover, an abundance of denitrifying bacteria (Dechlorominas, Acinetobacter and Flavobacterium) was increased. This study showed that the combined application of Fe3O4@BC composites and CP had a remarkable effect on the urban sediment treatment, which provided a new way to remove sediment pollution.
The Relationship Between Receptor For Advanced Glycation End Products And Obesity: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis
Authors: DENG Huan , DENG Sizhu , CHEN Qiu
Published: January 2022

With the improvement of nutritional status, the prevalence of obesity is increasing. The occurrence and development of obesity is closely related to the oxidative stress pathway of AGEs production. However, the current research on the correlation between obesity and ages is controversial. Thus, we evaluated the association between obesity and sRAGE. We searched 1,424 articles from PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library and other resources. Among the 1,424 articles identified, 9 met the inclusion criteria. After the data analysis of research results, it is concluded that the sRAGE of obese patients is lower than normal weight people(MD [95%CI] =-247.65 [-319.63,-175.67], Z = 6.74, P <0.00001). In conclusion, the results of this meta-analysis revealed a negative correlation between obesity and sRAGE.
Effect of Mucuna Pruriens Seeds Supplementation on Heat Shock Proteins and Mitochondrial Gene Expression in Beetal Goats in Relation to Seasonal Stress
Authors: Jadhav Sameer Niwas , Nayyar Shashi , Singh Chanchal , Mukhopaddhyay C.S , Kumar B.V. Sunil
Published: January 2022

Mucuna pruriens seeds are known to exhibit antistress and antioxidant properties. The study was conducted to analyze the effect of Mucuna pruriens seed supplementation on heat shock protein (HSP) and mitochondrial gene expression, which are considered as molecular markers of heat stress. Adult beetal does, and kids were given 100 mg/kg bodyweight of M. pruriens seed powder for 30 days during the winter and summer seasons. Gene expression of HSP-70, HSP-90 genes, and mitochondrial cytochrome B and cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene were tested on day 0 and day 30 blood samples. Average THI was significantly higher during summer, while relative humidity remained significantly higher during the winter season. HSP-70 and HSP-90 gene expression were found to be significantly decreased while COX-I and CYT B were found significantly increased in Mucuna pruriens supplemented does and kids during both summer and winter season compared to the control group. Supplementing Mucuna pruriens seeds @ 100 mg/kg body weight to goats leads to a decrease in thermal stress response and increases mitochondrial respiration efficiency as evident from increase in mitochondrial gene expression, thus ameliorating seasonal stress response and improving the overall physiological adaptability of the goat to seasonal stress.
Early Child Stimulation, Linear Growth and Neurodevelopment in Low Birth Weight Infants
Authors: Upadhyay Ravi Prakash , Taneja Sunita , Strand Tor Arne , Sommerfelt Halvor , Hysing Mari , Mazumder Sarmila , Bhandari Nita , Martines Jose , Dua Tarun , Kariger Patricia , Bahl Rajiv
Published: January 2022

Background

Children with low birth weight (LBW) are at risk of linear growth faltering and developmental deficits. Evidence suggests that early child stimulation and care reflected as responsive caregiving and opportunities for learning can promote development. The current analysis aimed to measure the extent to which linear growth and early child stimulation modify each other’s association with neurodevelopmental outcomes among LBW infants.
Methods

This is a secondary data analyses from a randomized controlled trial on the effect of community-initiated kangaroo mother care in LBW infants on their neurodevelopment at 12 months of corrected age. Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development was used to assess cognitive, motor and language scores. Stimulation at home was assessed by the Pediatric Review of Children’s Environmental Support and Stimulation (PROCESS) tool. PROCESS scores were categorized into three groups: < Mean-1SD (low stimulation); Mean ±1 SD (moderate stimulation) and > mean + 1SD (high stimulation).
Results

A total of 516 infants were available for neurodevelopment assessments. Interactions were observed between length for age z-score (LAZ) and PROCESS score categories. In the low stimulation group, the adjusted regression coefficients for the association between LAZ and cognitive, motor and language scores were substantially higher than in the moderate and high stimulation group. Stimulation was positively associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes in both stunted and non-stunted infants; however, the association was twice as strong in stunted than in non-stunted.
Conclusion

Moderate to high quality stimulation may alleviate the risk of sub-optimal development in LBW infants with linear growth deficits
Clinical Trial Registration:

The primary trial whose data are analysed is registered at clinicaltrials.gov (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02631343)
Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (H5N1) Outbreaks In Poultry In Egypt (2006 To 2017)
Authors: Elsobky Yumna , Afandi Gamal El , Salama Akram , Byomi Ahmed , Omar Muhammad , Eltholth Mahmoud
Published: January 2022

Background: In Egypt, the highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) subtype H5N1 is endemic and possesses a severe impact on the poultry. To provide a better understanding of the distributional characteristics of HPAI H5N1 outbreaks in Egypt, this study aimed to explore the spatiotemporal pattern and identify clusters of HPAI H5N1 outbreaks in Egypt from 2006 to 2017. Results: The Epidemic curve (EC) was constructed through time series analysis; in which six epidemic waves (EWs) were revealed. Outbreaks mainly started in winter peaked in March and ended in summer. However, newly emerged thermostable clades (2.2.1.1 and 2.2.1.2) during the 4th EW enabled the virus to survive and cause infection in warmer months with a clear alteration in the seasonality of the epidemic cycle in the 5th EW. The endemic situation became more complicated by the emergence of new serotypes. As a result, the EC ended up without any specific pattern since the 6th EW to now. The spatial analysis showed that the highest outbreak density was recorded in the Nile Delta considering it as the 'Hot spot' region. By the 6th EW, the outbreak extended to include the Nile valley. From spatiotemporal cluster epidemics, clustering in the Delta was a common feature in all EWs with primary clusters consistently detected in the hot-spot region, but the location and size varied with each EW. The highest Relative Risk (RR) regions in an EW were noticed to contain the primary clusters of the next EW and were found to include stopover sites for migratory wild birds. They were in Fayoum, Dakahlia, Qalyobiya, Sharkia, Kafr_Elsheikh, Giza, Behera, Menia, and BeniSuef governorates. Transmission of HPAI H5N1 occurred from one location to another directly resulted in a series of outbreaks forming neighboring secondary clusters. The absence of geographical borders between the governorates in addition to non-restricted movements of poultry and low vaccination and surveillance coverage contributed to the wider spread of infection all over Egypt and to look like one epidemiological unit Conclusion: Our findings may be helpful to better understand the characteristics of HPAI H5N1 outbreaks and the distribution of outbreak risk, which can be used for effective disease control strategies.
Microplastics in Muskoka-Haliburton Headwater Lakes, Ontario, Canada
Authors: Welsh Brittany , Aherne Julian , Paterson Andrew M , Yao Huaxia , McConnell Chris
Published: January 2022

Microplastics (mp) are a growing environmental concern due to their ubiquity in terrestrial and aquatic environments. Nonetheless, there is limited knowledge on their abundance in lakes in rural areas. In this study, we surveyed 14 headwater lakes in Muskoka-Haliburton, Ontario, to assess the spatial and temporal variability of microplastics. The average microplastic concentration across the study lakes was 1.78 mp/L during May–June 2019, with limited spatial variability (coefficient of variation = 22%). Further, microplastic abundance was weakly correlated with lake area (rs: 0.469), the number of shoreline residences (rs: 0.399), and watershed area (rs: 0.350), suggesting that diffusive inputs, such as atmospheric deposition, were the dominant source of microplastics to the study lakes. In contrast, microplastics showed a distinct temporal (seasonal) variability, as the average concentration in August 2019 (0.91 mp/L) was significantly lower (p<0.05) compared with May and June 2019. While microplastic abundance was generally higher in the metalimnion (0.70 mp/L) and epilimnion (0.67 mp/L), there was no significant difference by stratified layer. The annual percent removal of microplastics in lake sediment was estimated to be 14%, suggesting that for most of the study lakes, sediment burial was not a dominant sink for microplastics. Effective management of microplastic pollution requires an understanding of the interlinkages between microplastics in the atmosphere, lake water, and sediment. In rural areas, microplastic abundance appears to be dominated by atmospheric inputs, suggesting limited need for spatial monitoring. Temporal monitoring however is required to understand seasonal changes and long-term trends in microplastic abundance and delivery.