bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uso do planejamento experimental visando avaliar o efeito da razão C/N e N/P na cinética de crescimento de uma cianobactéria
Authors: Possa Thais Magalhães , Bracher Gustavo Holz , Manetti Adriana Gonçalves da Silva , Cerqueira Vanessa Sacramento , Silva Claudia Fernanda Lemons
Published: September 2019

A Aphanothece microscopica Nägeli é uma cianobactéria com capacidade de crescer em efluentes provenientes de atividades industriais, explorando seus mecanismos auxiliares como a respiração para remover os nutrientes dos efluentes e gerar bioprodutos com valores agregados. O presente trabalho visa contribuir para a otimização da razão C/N e N/P no efluente de laticínio permitindo avaliar o efeito destes elementos na cinética de crescimento da Aphanothece microscopica Nägeli. Os cultivos da cianobactéria foram conduzidos no efluente de laticínio em um biorreator heterotrófico, sob as condições de concentração celular inicial de 200 mg L-1, pH inicial 7,6, temperatura de 30 ºC, aeração contínua e ausência de luminosidade. Realizou-se um planejamento experimental fatorial (32), com os fatores: C/N (20, 40, e 60) e N/P (5, 10, 15). O ajuste das razões C/N e N/P foi realizado tomando como base as relações DQO/N-NTK e N-NTK/P-PO4-3 previamente determinadas no efluente. A razão C/N foi ajustada com glicose e a N/P com fosfato dissódico. O cultivo da Aphanothece no efluente com as razões C/N 20 e N/P 10, obtiveram os melhores valores cinéticos com concentração celular máxima de 1045 mg. L-1, velocidade máxima específica de crescimento de 0,250 h-1, tempo de geração de 2,77 h e tempo de batelada para atingir a máxima concentração celular de 6h
Determination of Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in the sediments of Mangueira Lagoon/RS/Brazil
Authors: Grimmler Marcelo Uarthe , Pereira Francisco Osvaldo Peres , Silveira Lucas Aldrigui , Santos Leandro dos , Sanches Filho Pedro José
Published: September 2019

The Mangueira Lagoon is 123 km long and 7.6 km wide at its widest point, with an average depth of 2.5 m. By the fact that this lagoon is one of the youngest geological formations on Earth (only 4.5 thousand years), little is known about the geology of its sediments. This work describes the concentration of the toxic metals Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in surface sediments samples of Mangueira Lagoon. The sediment samples were collected and underwent pseudo-acid digestion (aqua regia / perchloric acid). The extracts obtained were analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy in flame. Cu and Zn were detected at all points during the test. Zn is a major element, ranging from 2.5 mg kg-1 Â± 0.3% to 4.1 mg kg-1 Â± 2.4%, followed by Cu with values between 2.0 mg kg-1 Â± 8.5% to 2.5 mg kg-1 Â± 4.2%. Considering the parameters established by the CCME (Canadian Environmental Quality Guidelines), TEL (Threshold Effect Level) and PEL (Probable Effect Level), the concentrations of toxic metals found in the surface sediment were low and showed low environmental impacts. These results constitute a contribution to a better understanding of the processes that occur in the region, serving as a basis for future work.
Deterioração de variedades de cana-de-açúcar e influência na produção de bioetanol
Authors: Azevedo Rafaella Eloisa Candido de , Silva Cleiltan Novais da , Gasparotto Francielli , Emanuelli Isabele Picada , Caldas Celso Silva , Mazucheli Josmar , Rezende Luciana Cristina Soto Herek
Published: September 2019

Com o crescimento contínuo da população e da industrialização a nível mundial, tem-se um aumento expressivo dos meios de transporte e do consumo de energia, sendo necessária a diversificação da matriz energética mundial, com diferencial econômico, ambiental e social. Uma alternativa é a produção de etanol a partir da biomassa, como a cana de açúcar (Saccharum spp.), porém aspectos negativos relacionados à produção e à organização podem causar ineficiência para a obtenção do biocombustível. Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o impacto causado na produção de etanol pela deterioração da cana-de- açúcar na etapa de pós-colheita e estocagem das variedades RB92579 e SP91-1049, em uma usina do extremo oeste do estado de São Paulo. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 5 (2 variedades de cana-de- açúcar e 5 tempos de análise), com 3 repetições para cada análise. As duas variedades estudadas apresentaram influência do tempo de estocagem, porém a variedade RB92579 foi a que mais se deteriorou, após as 96 horas do início do estudo. A porcentagem em litros de etanol absoluto teórico por tonelada de cana-de-açúcar que deixou de ser produzido foi 9% para a variedade RB92579 e 4% para a SP91-1049.
Recycling of domestic organic waste with the use of composting and vermicomposting
Authors: Pohlmann Valéria , Rosa Caren Alessandra da , Osório Filho Benjamin Dias , Silva Rodrigo Sanchotene
Published: September 2019

The increase of the world population associated to the concentration of this population in urbanized environments has caused the growth of the production of residues of organic solids, that in most of the times are discarded in inadequate places that can pollute the environment. Another factor that is also related to population growth is the demand for more food, mainly agricultural products, which need different inputs, such as fertilizers to increase productivity. Given this context, it is essential to use technologies that allow the recycling of nutrients from organic waste, which have the potential to condition soils and fertilize agricultural crops. This work has the objective of evaluating two already consolidated technologies for recycling solid organic waste, such as composting and vermicomposting, implanted in compact systems. Among these feasible systems were evaluated the humic compounds and the slurries generated, the parameters being evaluated the assimilable phosphorus (P), the active acidity, organic matter and the organic carbon. The results obtained indicate that the vermicompost presents a higher production of humic compound and less of slurry in relation to the composting process, and that the humic compound produced in the composting process and the slurry produced by the vermicompost process have higher P indices, organic and organic carbon, in relation to their corresponding, and the acidity index was practically the same for the slurries and humic compounds produced in both organic matter recycling processes.
Desmatamento, população e desenvolvimento econômico no oeste do Pará nos eixos das Rodovias Santarém-Cuiabá e Transamazônica
Authors: Bistene Marcus Vinicius Reis Souto , Guimarães Jarsen Luis Castro
Published: September 2019

Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, analisar o processo de crescimento econômico baseado em utilização predatória dos recursos naturais em área de fronteira na Amazônia; avaliar o papel do crescimento populacional no processo de desmatamento e sua influência sobre o crescimento econômico; e o desmatamento como processo de inserção de território de fronteira à ordem social vigente e o resultado do crescimento econômico gerado sobre o desenvolvimento regional à luz das teorias do desenvolvimento econômico de Schumpeter, Celso Furtado, Amartya Sen, Douglass North e Bresser-Pereira.
Visão geral sobre o tratamento de dados meteorológicos no Brasil
Authors: Silva Júnior Anísio Alfredo da , Gomes Raphael de Souza Rosa , Ventura Thiago Meirelles , Rodrigues Thiago Rangel , Nogueira José de Souza , Oliveira Allan Gonçalves de , Figueiredo Josiel Maimone de
Published: September 2019

Com o propósito de entender como como o tratamento de dados meteorológicos é efetuado no Brasil, este trabalho apresenta um estudo mapeando a forma de trabalho dos pesquisadores da área de Ciência Ambiental. Para alcançar esse objetivo, foi elaborada uma pesquisa durante 2 meses, entre as datas de 20 de outubro a 19 de dezembro de 2016. O questionário foi respondido por pesquisadores relacionados à área de estudo, distribuídos nas cinco regiões brasileiras. A pesquisa listou a qualidade dos dados normalmente trabalhados com relação a ausência de dados e outliers, além de constatar que, para preenchimento de falhas, os entrevistados preferem utilizar modelos matemáticos de pouca complexidade, como média aritmética e regressão linear com o auxílio de planilhas eletrônicas ou softwares estatísticos. Já para detecção de outliers, é normal a utilização de análise gráficas como o boxplot e limites de valores máximos e mínimos.
INTERACTIVE EDUCATION AS A BASIS FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF COMPETENCY ORIENTED PROGRAMS ON CHEMISTRY DISCIPLINES
Authors: Sazhina Olga P. , Glazkova Oxana V. , Tarasova Olga V.
Published: September 2019

The transition in university education from a qualification approach to a competence-based one demanded a revision of the goals, content, structure and technology of the educational process, which has become subject-oriented. Interactive education currently forms a basis for implementation of competency oriented education programs. The efficiency of a small group method in forming intellectual, speaking and communicative competencies is demonstrated through the examples of training discussions during laboratory and practical lessons at “Methods of raw materials quality control and chemistry production products” course as well as of original technology of implementation of science information by online group study during lessons at “Introduction to the profession” course. Use of this approach during interim attestation for “Math processing and optimization of chemical and analytical processes” discipline lets solve the tasks for a short period of time and always leads to positive results. Questionnaire survey conducted among teachers and students of various chemistry specialization courses in universities of the Republic of Mordovia shows that work in small groups lets all the students participate in activities and practice cooperation and communicative skills; it raises responsibility level for the result achieved jointly and allows conquering the fear towards complexity of the discipline which often prevent the ability to acquire knowledge efficiently. Regular participation in public speaking, conducting negotiations skills, ability to think and take decisions promptly form self-confidence and serve as a basic premise for further self-development. Annual students test results during interim attestation evidence maturity of knowledge of topics learnt through the interactive approach.
HYDROGEN SULFIDE AND ALKANTHIOLS IN NUCLEOPHILIC SUBSTITUTION REACTIONS OF HYDROXY GROUPS IN ALIPHATIC ALCOHOLS
Authors: Okhlobystina Aleksandra V. , Okhlobystin Andrey O. , Berberova Nadezhda T. , Burmistrova Daria A.
Published: September 2019

Hydrogen sulfide and alkanethiols are toxic compounds containing in the production of wells in many oil and gas condensate fields. Because the policy of hydrocarbon processing enterprises aimed at the development of new fundamental research, processes and technologies in order to find rational use of raw materials, the conversion of hydrogen sulfide and alkanethiols into valuable compounds is one of the strategic goals of the oil and gas industry. The methods of "green" chemistry are perspective processes for converting hydrogen sulfide and alkantiols into valuable organic compounds, which allow working in environmentally friendly conditions with minimal energy and resource costs. The reactions of direct nucleophilic substitution of butanol-2, pentanol-1 and hexanol-1 to HS- and RS- group by single-electron reduction of hydrogen sulfide and alkanthiol in acetonitrile and ionic liquid at room temperature and atmospheric pressure with a single by-product - H2O were described. The possibility of conducting an experiment without electrolyte due to the intrinsic electrical conductivity of the ionic liquid allows not only lowering the consumption of reagents, but also facilitating the isolation of the target product. Due to the structuring and the matrix effect in ionic liquids, the duration of electrolysis in the reactions under consideration is 2-3 times less than in the case of aprotic solvents.
SORPTION OF CERIUM(III) IONS ONTO CHELATING POLYMERIC SORBENT
Authors: Alieva Aygun F. , Guseynov Fatali E. , Shamilov Nazim T. , Afandiyeva Narmin T. , Chyragov Famil M.
Published: September 2019

In a present paper methods of concentration of Ce(III) from aqueous solutions onto synthetic polymer adsorbent. The sorption-photometric determination of the microquantities of cerium ions by new polymeric chelating sorbent, modified with dithizone has been studied. Sorption process was carried out under static conditions. Optimal characteristics of the sorption process: influence of pH, time of contact, effect of the initial concentration of metal, influence of ionic strength were studied. pH for extracting Ce is 5; the residence time is 210 min. Optimal ionic strength was achieved at a value of μ =0.6. The sorption capacity of the sorbent and the percentage recovery were determined from the difference in the initial and final concentrations of cerium(III) in the solution.  The sorbability of cerium(III) ions was 91.38%, sorption capacity of sorbent with respect to cerium ions is 682.85 mg∙g-1. At the final stage, a desorption process was carried out using different (organic and mineral) acids with the same concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 M). 1M HCl has the highest eluting ability with respect to cerium (III) ions. Sorbent modified with dithizone based on a styrene-maleic anhydride (SMA) copolymer is proposed as synthetic sorbent with the best analytical properties (high sorption capacity, residence time 3 h with respect to cerium ions). Multiple use of the regenerated sorbent for concentration is possible. The developed techniques can be used to determine Ce(III) in standard samples, soil and tap water.
STANDARD ENTHALPY OF FORMATION OF PARAOXYPHENYLGLYCINE AND PRODUCTS OF ITS DISSOCIATION IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION
Authors: Lytkin Aleksandr I. , Chernikov Viktor V. , Krutova Olga N. , Bychkova Svetlana A. , Krutov Pavel D.
Published: September 2019

Depending on the chemical nature of the side radicals, amino acids can be divided into aromatic and aliphatic, as well as amino acids, the presence of non-polar or polar functional groups in the side radicals. Since the characteristics of individual amino acids in the protein are determined by the nature (physico-chemical properties) of their side radicals, which are in a hydrated state. It is also extremely important to study the thermodynamic characteristics of the hydration of the side radicals of amino acids of different chemical nature. To obtain empirical correlations that would establish a connection between the thermodynamic parameters of the interaction of dissolved compounds with the solvent and the size of the molecules to be dissolved (having different physico-chemical nature), it is necessary to accumulate a sufficient amount of experimental data on the heats of dissolution of amino acids. This will allow you to calculate the contribution of intermolecular interactions for different groups of molecules. By potentiometric method the protolytic equilibria in aqueous solutions of paraoxyphenylglycine were investigated. The measurements were carried out at a temperature of 298.15 K and an ionic strength of 0.25 (against the background of potassium nitrate). Calorimetric measurements were carried out on an ampoule calorimeter, with an isothermal shell, a thermistor temperature sensor KMT-14, and an automatic record of the temperature-time curve. The operation of the unit was verified by the integral enthalpy of dissolution in water of crystalline potassium chloride. The agreement between the experimental enthalpies of dissolution of KCl (cr) with the most reliable literature data indicates that there are no systematic errors in the calorimetric system. Samples of para-oxyphenylglycine were weighed on a VLP-200 scale with an accuracy of 2∙10-4 g. The confidence interval of the mean value of ΔH was calculated with a probability of 0.95. A paraxyphenylglycine preparation, «Reachim», was used in the work. The reagent was used without further purification. The RRSU program was used to determine the equilibrium composition of the solutions. Standard enthalpies of combustion and formation of crystalline paraxyphenylglycine were calculated. Thermal effects of dissolution of crystalline paraxyphenylglycine in water and in solutions of potassium hydroxide at 298.15 K were determined with the direct calorimetric method. Standard enthalpies of formation of amino acids and products of their dissociation in aqueous solution were calculated.
KINETICS OF THIOUREA DIOXIDE DECOMPOSITION IN WATER-ETHANOL-AMMONIA SOLUTION
Authors: Polenov Yuri V. , Egorova Elena V. , Nikitin Konstantin S.
Published: September 2019

A stoichiometric mechanism for thiourea dioxide decomposition in water- ethanol-ammonia solution is proposed based on dependences of concentrations of thiourea dioxide over time and literature data. The concentration of thiourea dioxide was measured with iodometry, while the intermediates were qualitatively detected using the polarography. The set of the obtained data allows to consider that at low concentration of alcohol (approximately up to 0.1 molar ratio) the thiourea dioxide decomposition proceeds on the heterolytic mechanism with formation of sulfoxylic acid, and at high concentrations of alcohol – on homolytic mechanism with the formation of anion radicals. Rate constants for individual stages of heterolytic mechanism are obtained by mathematical modeling, presented a system of differential equations. Absolute errors of rate constants, correlation coefficients, and F-factors were also calculated. The linear correlation was found between the equilibrium constant logarithm of the decay stage of thiourea dioxide and the inverse value of the dielectric constant of water-alcohol solutions. The kinetics of reduction of nickel ions with thiourea dioxide in an aqueous ammonia solution with ethanol additives was also studied. Сoncentration of nickel ions was determined using complexometric titration. Obtained kinetic data showed that at alcohol concentrations of 0.13 molar ratio and more, reaction kinetics is described by a first-order equation. At lower ethanol concentrations, a fractional order is observed on the concentration of nickel ions. A stoichiometric mechanism of this reaction is proposed due to sulfoxylic acid molecules with alcohol concentrations less than 0.1 molar ratio and due to radical ions with alcohol concentrations more than 0.1 molar ratio. Thus, the study of nickel ion reduction kinetics confirmed the conclusion about influence of alcohol concentration on the decomposition mechanism of thiourea dioxide.
PRECIPITATION OF CHROMIUM-CONTAINING TANNING SOLUTION OF SUSPENSION MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE
Authors: Chursin Vyacheslav I. , Panfilov Egor V.
Published: September 2019

Comparative studies of the deposition of tanning chromium compounds from waste tanning solutions of tannery production containing from 3 to 5 g/l chromium oxide were carried out, using as a chemical reagents a suspension of magnesium hydroxide and sodium carbonate solution. It is shown that the main factors influencing the precipitation process are the pH value and the consumption of the precipitant. The costs of reagents contributing to complete precipitation of chromium compounds in the form of a hydroxide are established. The high efficiency of the use of a suspension of magnesium hydroxide as a precipitator is shown, due to the higher deposition rate and the absence of chromium compounds in the supernatant. The rate of precipitation of chromium using a slurry of magnesium hydroxide is 4.9 cm3/min, and using sodium carbonate 2.5 cm3/min. In the supernatant, after precipitation with sodium carbonate, traces of chromium oxide are found - less than 2.53 g/l. It is shown that when using a suspension of magnesium hydroxide for the precipitation of chromium, periodic mixing of the liquid is necessary to more completely dissolve the precipitator, which in the first stage after dosing drops out of the solution as a precipitate. When sodium carbonate is used, the formation of hydroxyl ions occurs much faster than in the case of a suspension of magnesium hydroxide. However, the formed sediment has a rather loose structure and is characterized by a high moisture content. The precipitate of chromium hydroxide obtained by using a suspension of magnesium hydroxide is characterized by a higher density and better filtration ability. A gradual increase in pH during the precipitation of a tanning solution with a suspension of magnesium hydroxide results in a precipitate with a large particle size and lower humidity.
INFLUENCE OF SURFACE CHEMISTRY OF THE FILLER AND THERMAL MODIFICATION OF BNKS-40 / PVC COMPOSITIONS ON THE VIBRO-ABSORBING PROPERTIES OF THE MATERIAL
Authors: Mansurova Irina A. , Shilov Ivan B. , Burkov Andrey A. , Koshkin Ilya Yu. , Yurkin Yuri V. , Belozerov Vladislav S.
Published: September 2019

The study looks into the effect of a silicic acid filler's (SAF) surface chemistry and thermal modification of BNKS-40/PVC-based (80:20) compounds upon material's vibration-absorbing properties. The thermal analysis (TGA and DTA, Shimadzu analyzer, the temperature rise rate - 10 ° С/min), IR spectroscopy (Infralume FT-08, MFTIR) demonstrated, that adsorption of organosilane bis(3triethoxysilylpropyl)disulfide (TESPD) and the following silanization of Newsil 1165МР (145 ° С, 5 min) occur more readily on the surface of the SAF, dried in mild conditions (70 ° С) in advance. Dehydration of the SAF surface contributes to an increase in the proportion of organosilane physically associated with its surface (2.4 times), rather than chemically (1.1 times). SAF silanization results in the decrease in the compounds' Mooney viscosity (MB 1+4, 100 ° С, CU) and the higher content of free TESPD, the more pronounced the decrease is. The dynamic mechanical analysis (Netzsch DMA 242, in the temperature range from -60 to +60 °С and the frequency range from 0.1 to 10 Hz) demonstrated that, free TESPD plasticized the polymer matrix, increasing TanD as well as shifting the peak of mechanical losses into the lower temperature range. In this case, the effective temperature range of vibration absorption (ETRVA, where TanD ≥ 0.3) is somewhat narrowed in comparison with the compound containing the initial SAF. Thermal modification of BNKS-40/PVC compounds (120 ° С, 4 h) is accompanied by ETRVA expansion in the elastomer glass transition range, as well as in the glass transition temperature of the elastomer-thermoplast transition range.  This fact is due to the diffusion of polymers in the filler-elastomer/thermoplast- and the elastomer-thermoplast inter-phase zones. Thermal modification is effective with compounds containing silanized filler with the least amount of free TESPD.
IMPROVEMENT OF PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF CARBON CHEMICAL ABSORBER FOR AMMONIA
Authors: Farberova Еlena A. , Tingaeva Elena A. , Kuzminykh Konstantin G. , Smirnov Sergey A.
Published: September 2019

The present work is devoted to the study of the dependence of ammonia chemical absorber properties on the conditions of the absorber synthesis. As a chemical absorber carrier the granulated active carbon of AG type with sorption space maximum volume of 0.512 cm3/g and with micropore volume of 0.414 cm3/g was used. The copper sulfate (II) salt was taken as an ammonia-reactive additive. Samples of the chemical absorber were obtained by impregnating the carbon carrier with a hot solution of the active component. The impregnating solution was prepared by two methods: traditional one, with dissolving the salt sample in hot water and the second one, with the use of ultrasonic treatment. It was found that with an increase in CuSO4 total content in the absorber to 9% by weight the proportion of bound (inactive) copper decreased; however, at the content above this value the share of bound (inactive) copper (II) form in the chemical absorber practically did not change. The presence of oxygen-containing functional groups with basic character on the active carbon surface leads to their interaction with copper (II) ions of the impregnating solution and deactivates them as related to ammonia. The change in the nature of the chemical absorber porous structure when adding a copper sulfate (II) active additive onto the surface of the active AG coal depending on conditions of impregnating solution preparation and the semi-product drying rate is shown. Studies on the use of ultrasound in the preparation of copper sulfate solution have been conducted. Such use leads to the formation of active additive crystallites on the carrier surface. These crystallites are of much smaller size (1–5 nm) in comparison with ones formed by the thermal method of solution preparation (8–12 nm). Herewith, the capacity of the chemical absorber as related to ammonia increases by 3.5–4.5 times.
ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE SYNTHESIS OF HYDROGENATION NICKEL CATALYSTS
Authors: Latypova Adele R. , Filippov Dmitry V. , Lefedova Olga V. , Bykov Alexey V. , Doluda Valentin Yu.
Published: September 2019

New types of nickel catalysts are proposed. They are formed during the surface deposition of nickel polynuclear hydroxo complexes on powdered carriers with subsequent reduction to the metal. This method of synthesis is environmentally friendly, safe and waste-free technology. Industrial wastewater will contain only an aqueous solution of sodium chloride and sodium carbonate. The catalytic activity was determined by the p-nitroaniline hydrogenation at 240 °C and 40 bar of hydrogen pressure. The properties and characteristics of the catalysts were studied using thermo-programmable desorption of ammonia, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was found that Ni/γ-Al2O3 catalyst may accelerate the process with NiO, NiO, γ-NiOOH and Ni(OH)2 compounds, while for Ni/SiO2 these are NiO, NiO, Ni2O3, γ-NiOOH and Ni(OH)2. However, pre-activation of the sample is necessary. The solution of this problem can be the catalyst activation in a gas atmosphere under hydrogen pressure, but at a lower temperature of about 250 °C. Changes in the metal content in the catalysts before and after use may be associated with the mutual transformations of modifications, which may or may not depend on the catalysis of the hydrogenation process. We established that the catalyst supported on gamma alumina was 10 times more active than the catalyst on silicon oxide. The discovery of the mechanism of transformations between modifications of oxides and metal hydroxides is of considerable interest in the development of new selective and environmentally friendly catalysts.
How to Draw a Planarization
Authors: Bläsius Thomas , Radermacher Marcel , Rutter Ignaz
Published: September 2019

We study the problem of computing straight-line drawings of
non-planar graphs with few crossings. We assume that a
crossing-minimization algorithm is applied first, yielding a
planarization, i.e., a planar graph with a dummy vertex for
each crossing, that fixes the topology of the resulting drawing. We
present and evaluate two different approaches for drawing a
planarization in such a way that the edges of the input graph are as
straight as possible.
The first approach is based on the planarity-preserving
force-directed algorithm ${\rm I{\small M}P{\small R}E{\small D}}$ [Simonetto et al. Computer Graphics Forum 2011], the second
approach, which we call Geometric Planarization Drawing,
iteratively moves vertices to their locally optimal positions in the
given initial drawing.

Our evaluation shows that both approaches significantly
improve the initial drawing and that our geometric approach
outperforms the force-directed approach. To the best of our
knowledge, this is the first paper concerned with the generation of
a straight-line drawing that respects an arbitrary planarization.
Simultaneous Embeddings with Few Bends and Crossings
Authors: Frati Fabrizio , Hoffmann Michael , Kusters Vincent
Published: September 2019

A simultaneous embedding with fixed edges ($\rm{S{\small EFE}}$) of two planar graphs $R$ and $B$ is a pair of plane drawings of $R$ and $B$ that coincide when restricted to the common vertices and edges of $R$ and $B$. We show that whenever $R$ and $B$ admit a $\rm{S{\small EFE}}$, they also admit a $\rm{S{\small EFE}}$ in which every edge is a polygonal curve with few bends and every pair of edges has few crossings. Specifically:

if $R$ and $B$ are trees then one bend per edge and four crossings per edge pair
suffice (and one bend per edge is sometimes necessary),
if $R$ is a planar graph and $B$ is a tree then six bends per edge and eight crossings per edge pair suffice, and
if $R$ and $B$ are planar graphs then six bends per edge and sixteen crossings per edge pair suffice.

Our results simultaneously improve on a paper by Grilli et al. (GD'14), which proves that nine bends per edge suffice, and on a paper by Chan et al. (JGAA '15), which proves that twenty-four crossings per edge pair suffice.
La RSE comme vecteur de légitimité du repreneur externe d’une petite entreprise
Authors: Mazari Lyes , Berger-Douce Sandrine , Deschamps Bérangère
Published: September 2019

La littérature s’accorde à reconnaître la criticité de la dimension humaine des opérations de reprise, notamment pendant la période suivant l’entrée en fonction du nouveau dirigeant. Celle-ci est marquée par le transfert de leadership du cédant au repreneur et représente une source de perturbations pour les salariés. À ce stade du processus de reprise, le besoin de légitimité pour le repreneur est maximal, car celle-ci garantit l’efficacité de son pouvoir (Boussaguet, 2012) et contribue à l’adhésion collective des membres de la petite entreprise reprise (De Freyman, Cullière et Boussaguet, 2018). Or, les travaux sur cette thématique demeurent rares et leur analyse ne permet pas de comprendre comment cette légitimité s’acquiert auprès des salariés. L’objectif de cet article consiste donc à contribuer à la connaissance sur les moyens à disposition du repreneur pour construire sa légitimité. En se fondant sur neuf études de cas de petites entreprises engagées dans la RSE, les résultats obtenus proposent la démarche RSE du repreneur comme une posture managériale favorisant sa légitimation auprès de ses salariés. Les pratiques managériales du repreneur sont alors orientées vers plus d’équité et lui offrent l’occasion de construire un projet de reprise autour d’un ensemble de valeurs appréciées par les salariés.
Le programme de recherches archéologiques d’Ekuanitshit (Mingan)
Authors: Ouellet Jean-Christophe
Published: September 2019

Après plusieurs années de collaboration entre la communauté innue d’Ekuanitshit (Mingan) et l’auteur, celui-ci présente ici le processus de mise en place du Programme de recherches archéologiques d’Ekuanitshit. Présenté sous la forme d’une étude de cas, ce texte aborde les motivations de l’auteur ainsi que des principaux acteurs de la communauté qui ont permis la mise en place de ce projet. À travers la présentation de quelques chantiers menés par l’équipe, cet article tente de mettre en lumière la valeur ajoutée de cette démarche collaborative en archéologie nord-côtière. Si cette présentation n’a pas la prétention de constituer une marche à suivre, elle relate de façon détaillée l’expérience personnelle d’un jeune chercheur dans ce contexte. Il est à souhaiter que ce texte, qui prend par moments l’allure d’un journal de bord, pourra contribuer à montrer la pertinence de ce type d’approche en archéologie et à promouvoir leur développement.
La démographie amérindienne en Nouvelle-France
Authors: Dubois Paul-André , Morin Maxime
Published: September 2019

Cet article est consacré à la démographie des populations autochtones catholiques du Canada, de la région de Tadoussac et de l’Acadie entre 1680 et 1763. Après avoir passé en revue les sources historiques et statistiques pertinentes pour cette étude, les auteurs reconsidèrent le rapport traditionnel qui veut qu’à un certain nombre de guerriers appartenant à un groupe spécifique corresponde une population dont la taille est déterminée par un ratio guerrier/population. La validation pratique de ce calcul fera l’objet d’un deuxième article publié parRecherches amérindiennes au Québec.
Se déplacer en métro, une révélation identitaire?
Authors: Lamer Marilyne , Breux Sandra
Published: September 2019

À l’aide de la fiction, cet article analyse la façon dont le métro agit comme un révélateur de l’identité de ses usagers. En nous appuyant sur le recueil de nouvelles Titre de transport (2016) d’Alice Michaud-Lapointe, nous montrons de quelle manière le métro montréalais confronte le voyageur avec les autres, mais également avec lui-même. Plus encore, cette étude met en valeur et répertorie différents imaginaires et pratiques signifiantes liés à ce mode de transport. L’analyse de Titre de transport fait du métro de Montréal une forme de palimpseste où est continuellement réinscrit un rapport nouveau au métro en fonction de la manière dont en font usage les personnages, mais également en fonction d’un contexte spécifique. Cette incursion dans le domaine littéraire met en évidence le rôle structurant de la mobilité dans la construction de l’identité et la place de l’imaginaire qui nourrit et oriente les comportements des sujets dans le métro.
Task-Based Language Teaching With a Semantic-Centred Pedagogic Grammar
Authors: Gray James W. , Smithers Ryan W.
Published: September 2019

Task-based language teaching (TBLT) is well known for providing authentic opportunities for second and foreign language (L2) skill development. However, for many learners the use of traditional grammar within TBLT lacks the functional support necessary to create accurate and fluent L2 output. The current study replaced traditional grammar explanations with a semantic meaning-order approach to pedagogical grammar (MAP or MAP grammar) as a means to bridge the language in tasks to their function and thereby strengthen form-to-meaning understanding. The study combined TBLT and MAP grammar to look for changes in the complexity, accuracy, and fluency of 127 L2 learners’ writings. The results showed TBLT and MAP separately increased syntactic complexity, whereas the combination of the two provided gains in accuracy and fluency. This was achieved by systematically directing learners’ attention to a sequence of functional choices thereby simplifying necessary metalinguistic explanations.
MARCO CONCEPTUAL Y COMPONENTES CLAVE PARA EL SEGUIMIENTO Y EVALUACIÓN EN LA ORDENACIÓN DEL TERRITORIO
Authors: Segura Calero Sergio
Published: September 2019

Resumen. Este artículo destaca la importancia de un buen marco conceptual para abordar los procesos de seguimiento y evaluación en la ordenación del territorio en España. El objetivo de este trabajo es el de revisar las distintas aportaciones teóricas que tratan el seguimiento y la evaluación en la ordenación del territorio con el fin de proponer una serie de elementos y factores clave para esta práctica en España. A través de un examen de la literatura académica internacional y nacional pertinente, así como del análisis de casos en las comunidades autónomas españolas se obtienen los elementos y factores claves propuestos. Entre estos, destacan la importancia de la gobernanza territorial y la coordinación entre actores territoriales, la participación ciudadana, el aprendizaje mutuo durante todo el proceso de planificación y la importancia de las experiencias previas en esta materia.
 
Palabras clave: planificación territorial, gobernanza territorial, monitoreo, evaluación.
 
Abstract. Researchers and practitioners in spanish spatial planning have an absence of conceptual framework to manage monitoring and evaluation processes in Spain. The aim of this work is to analyse the main theoretical frameworks related to spatial planning monitoring and evaluation. Key factors and components have been identified in order to make a preliminary conceptual framework proposal. To do that, the relevant international and national academic literature has been examined. Also the autonomous communities’ spatial planning systems have been analysed. The proposal highlights the importance of territorial governance. The coordination experience among territorial actors seems crucial. Furthermore, citizen participation appeared as a key element in spatial planning monitoring and evaluation tasks.
 
Key words: territorial planning, territorial governance, monitoring, assessment.
Classical conditioning drives learned reward prediction signals in climbing fibers across the lateral cerebellum
Authors: Heffley William , Hull Court
Published: September 2019

Classical models of cerebellar learning posit that climbing fibers operate according to a supervised learning rule to instruct changes in motor output by signaling the occurrence of movement errors. However, cerebellar output is also associated with non-motor behaviors, and recently with modulating reward association pathways in the VTA. To test how the cerebellum processes reward related signals in the same type of classical conditioning behavior typically studied to evaluate reward processing in the VTA and striatum, we have used calcium imaging to visualize instructional signals carried by climbing fibers across the lateral cerebellum in mice before and after learning. We find distinct climbing fiber responses in three lateral cerebellar regions that can each signal reward prediction. These instructional signals are well suited to guide cerebellar learning based on reward expectation and enable a cerebellar contribution to reward driven behaviors, suggesting a broad role for the lateral cerebellum in reward-based learning.
Considerations About The Marginalized Narratives of Juliana Huxtable and DeForrest Brown Jr.
Authors: Mateus João Ricardo
Published: September 2019

This paper contends in favor of an emergence and foreshadowing of a new dialectic model, detached from preexisting narrative constructions, at the core of contemporary artistic practices. In order to confirm it as such, this paper will analyze the production of two artists: Juliana Huxtable and DeForrest Brown Jr. The methodology applied will be linked to the analysis of four specific works: the poem and performance “THERE ARE CERTAIN FACTS THAT CAN NOT BE DISPUTED” from Juliana Huxtable and the multidisciplinary proposal Outwardly Coiling Context Collapse and the audio-textual articulation of Absent Personae from DeForrest Brown. Jr.. In the case of the artists here presented, we will be able to conclude that this foreshadowing is correlated with the systematic marginalization of the ethnic and racial legacy, coupled with the re-invention of a new socio-cultural space, embedded with meaning.
Propagule pressure does not consistently predict the outcomes of exotic bird introductions
Authors: Moulton Michael P. , Cropper Wendell P.
Published: September 2019

Some have argued that the role of propagule pressure in explaining the outcomes of bird introductions is well-supported by the historical record. Here, we show that the data from a large published database (including 832 records with propagule information) do not support the conclusion that propagule pressure is the primary determinant of introduction success in birds. A few compendia of historical reports have been widely used to evaluate introduction success, typically by combining data from numerous species and introduction locations. Very few taxa, other than birds, have usable spatially explicit records of introductions over time. This availability of data inflates the perceived importance of bird analyses for addressing factors related to invasion success. The available data allow limited testing of taxonomic and site-level factors of introduction outcomes. We did find significant differences in effort and success probabilities among avian orders and across highly aggregated spatial regions. As a test of a standard and logical expectation of the propagule pressure hypothesis, we concentrated on introductions with the smallest propagules, because it is for these the hypothesis is most likely to be correct. We analyzed the effect of numbers released in small propagules (two through 10) for 227 releases. Weighted linear regression indicated no significant effect of propagule size for this range of release size. In fact, the mean success rate of 28% for propagules of 2–10 isn’t significantly different than that of 34% for propagules of 11–100. Following the example of previous analyses, we expanded the statistical test of propagule pressure to include the full range of release numbers. No significant support for the propagule pressure hypothesis was found using logistic regression with either logit or complementary log-log link functions.
Elemental Study of Common Iced Fish Species Sold in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: Simpson V. B. , Uche Aliboh,
Published: September 2019

There is a death of information on the mineral composition of essential, toxic elements of commonly consumed frozen fishes in Nigeria, hence, this study was conducted to determine the proximate, elemental composition and also estimate the daily intake of the minerals obtained in the frozen samples of Hake (Merluccius merluccius), Sardine (Sardinella eba), Chub Mackerel (Scomber jopanicus), Atlantic horse Mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) and, Croaker (Pseudolithus elongatus) obtained from four markets in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. The fish species examined contained appreciable concentrations of protein which ranged from 15.19% in Chub mackerel to 21.75 % in Atlantic horse mackerel. The ash and moisture content suggest that the fish species are a good source of minerals and a veritable medium for microbial proliferation respectively, while, the crude fat value ranging between 0.16 % in Atlantic horse mackerel to 0.27 % in Hake showed that they are lean fat fishes. The Estimated Dietary Intake (EDI) of the macro and microelements analysed in the fish species (except for phosphorus) fell short of the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) that were established by the Institute of Medicine.  However, the concentrations of toxic elements such as lead, arsenic and cadmium exceeded the maximum limits set for these elements in foods, and this consequently poses a long term risk as a result of the bioaccumulation and biomagnifications of these toxic elements in the body.
The Use of Combined Geophysical Survey Methods for Groundwater Investigation in a Typical Basement Complex Terrain: Case Study of Erunmu, Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria
Authors: Lukuman Abudulawal,
Published: September 2019

A combined Survey involving the very low frequency electromagnetic (VLF – EM) and Electrical resistivity surveys were carried out in order to appraise the groundwater potential, and locate appropriate positions for sighting boreholes in Erunmu Community, Egbeda local government area, Oyo State, Nigeria. VLF data were obtained along five traverses as the first step in order to locate suitable vertical electrical sounding (VES) stations. Vertical Electrical Soundings using Schlumberger array were thereafter carried out at twenty 20) locations. The integrated interpretation of both data confirms the presence of aquifers, which includes, weathered zone and basement transition/fractures beneath the area, which prior to this investigation have a history of failed boreholes and wells. The resistivity curve types obtained includes H and A which revealed the presence of 3 to 4 subsurface layers consisting of topsoil, the clay, the sandy clay, fractured zone and the highly resistive bedrock. The resulting geo-electric section from the interpretation revealed the Reflection coefficient which ranges from 0.45 – 0.98. The dominated curve type in the area investigated is the H which is typical of basement complex while the A-type is about 20% of the total curves. Hydrogeological, the topsoil is not important because the degree of water saturation in this layer is very low and cannot be utilized for groundwater. The fractured basement layer (which is present in less than 15% of the study area is very relevant in groundwater prospecting; when it is thick enough the layer could support borehole drilling. Areas identified as geological interfaces in the VLF anomaly charts were also confirmed by the interpreted VES data as poor and intermediate zones for groundwater potential in the study area. The significance of this study is such that it will serve as a useful reference for future research efforts in the aspect of basement complex groundwater studies.
Dosimetric effect of rotational setup errors in stereotactic radiosurgery with HyperArc for single and multiple brain metastases
Authors: Sagawa Tomohiro , Ohira Shingo , Ueda Yoshihiro , Akino Yuichi , Mizuno Hirokazu , Matsumoto Masao , Miyazaki Masayoshi , Koizumi Masahiko , Teshima Teruki
Published: September 2019

Purpose

In stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) with single‐isocentric treatments for brain metastases, rotational setup errors may cause considerable dosimetric effects. We assessed the dosimetric effects on HyperArc plans for single and multiple metastases.

Methods

For 29 patients (1–8 brain metastases), HyperArc plans with a prescription dose of 20–24 Gy for a dose that covers 95% (D95%) of the planning target volume (PTV) were retrospectively generated (Ref‐plan). Subsequently, the computed tomography (CT) used for the Ref‐plan and cone‐beam CT acquired during treatments (Rot‐CT) were registered. The HyperArc plans involving rotational setup errors (Rot‐plan) were generated by re‐calculating doses based on the Rot‐CT. The dosimetric parameters between the two plans were compared.

Results

The dosimetric parameters [D99%, D95%, D1%, homogeneity index, and conformity index (CI)] for the single‐metastasis cases were comparable (P > 0.05), whereas the D95% for each PTV of the Rot‐plan decreased 10.8% on average, and the CI of the Rot‐plan was also significantly lower than that of the Ref‐plan (Ref‐plan vs Rot‐plan, 0.93 ± 0.02 vs 0.75 ± 0.14, P < 0.01) for the multiple‐metastases cases. In addition, for the multiple‐metastases cases, the Rot‐plan resulted in significantly higher V10Gy (P = 0.01), V12Gy (P = 0.02), V14Gy (P = 0.02), and V16Gy (P < 0.01) than those in the Ref‐plan.

Conclusion

The rotational setup errors for multiple brain metastases cases caused non‐negligible underdosage for PTV and significant increases of V10Gy to V16Gy in SRS with HyperArc.