bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immigration Status and Chronic Disease Outcomes – a Scoping Review
Authors: Rivers Patrick , Palmer Kelly N.B. , Okechukwu Abidemi , McClelland D. Jean , Garcia David O. , Sun Xiaoxiao , Pogreba-Brown Kristen , Carvajal Scott C. , Marrero David G.
Published: July 2023

Background
Undocumented immigrants face significant barriers to accessing regular medical care in the U.S. This is a concern especially for individuals with chronic conditions. This scoping review provides an overview of the current knowledge on chronic health outcomes for undocumented immigrants compared to documented immigrants or US-born citizens.
Methods
The review process was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, and the selection of studies was based on pre-defined criteria.
Results
Nine articles were included. Key information such as population details, and study details, outcomes, and limitations are presented. There was conflicting evidence as to whether undocumented immigrants have poorer health outcomes, with undocumented immigrants faring better on nine (43%) measures, faring worse on nine (43%), and with no difference found on three (14%) measures when compared to documented immigrants or US-born citizens.
Conclusion
Undocumented individuals face significant barriers to accessing the same level of health care for their chronic conditions, but it is unclear if this translates to poorer health outcomes. Future, rigorous studies are recommended to address this gap and better understand the health of this vulnerable population.
Epidemiological survey and Genotype diversity of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in Guangxi China swine herds based on MLST
Authors: Zhou Ying , Chen Zhongwei , Lu Bingxia , Duan Qunpeng , Xiao Ting , Liang Longhua , Huang Yu , Duan Zhenhua , Wei Mingyu , He Ying
Published: July 2023

Background
Mycoplasma hyopmneumoniae (Mhp) is a swine pathogen bacterium, causing significant economic losses worldwide. In this study, total of 1362 samples of swine lung from 14 cities in Guangxi were collected randomly. And TaqMan Real-time PCR Detection Method was applied in the detection of Mhp. The strongly positive samples were used in the multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of Mhp in Guangxi and to reveal the genotypes and distribution of Mhp in swine herds in Guangxi based on MLST.
Results
Out of 1362 samples, 655 samples were detected mhp positive. Among them 61 samples were successfully amplified three housekeeping genes (adk, rpoB and tpiA) simultaneously using MLST method. What is more, this study recorded 27 sequence types from 14 cities in Guangxi Province, including 24 new STs. From genetic evolution tree analysis, it can be revealed that the prevalent strains of Mhp in Guangxi, China are types II and V. All in all, the Mhp popular in Guangxi China have a high genetic diversity.
Conclusions
This is one of the most comprehensive study available for reporting the prevalence and molecular typing of Mhp in Guangxi China which will enrich the local database of Mhp prevalence in China and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of Mhp in the Guangxi region of China.
Virological suppression rate and its predictors among HIV/AIDS patients on antiretroviral therapy before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Melak Dagnachew , Bayou Fekade Demeke , Yasin Husniya , Zerga Aregash Abebayehu , Wagaye Birhanu , Ayele Fanos Yeshanew , Kebede Natnael , Mekonen Asnakew Molla , Asfaw Ahmed Hussien , Mihiretu Mengistu Mera , Tsega Yawkal , Addisu Elsabeth , Cherie Niguss , Birhane Tesfaye , Abegaz Zinet , Endawkie Abel , Mohammed Anissa
Published: July 2023

Background
Achieving viral load suppression is crucial for the prevention of complications and deaths related to HIV infection. Ethiopia has embraced the worldwide 90-90-90 target, but there is no national representative information regarding virological suppression. Therefore, this review aims to determine the pooled virological suppression rate and identify the pooled effect of contributing factors of viral suppression for HIV-positive patients on antiretroviral therapy in Ethiopia.
Method
We systematically searched websites and databases, including online repositories, to obtain primary studies. We assessed the quality of the included articles using the Newcastle‒Ottawa Scale appraisal checklist by two reviewers. Publication bias was checked using Egger’s regression test, the heterogeneity of the studies was assessed using I2 statistics and Q statistics, and sensitivity analysis was performed to identify any outlier results in the included studies. The Der Simonian Laird random-effects model was used to estimate the overall proportion of viral suppression, and STATA 17 statistical software was used for all types of analysis.
Result
A total of 21 eligible articles were used for this quantitative synthesis. The overall pooled virological suppression was 71% (95% CI: 64%, 77%). The pooled effects of poor adherence to ART (AOR = 0.33; 95% CI: 0.28, 0.40), body mass index (18.5–24.9 kg/m2) (AOR = 1.8; 95% CI: 1.37, 2.36), disclosure AOR = 1.41; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.89), absence of opportunistic infection (AOR = 1.68; 95% CI: 1.43, 1.97), and high baseline viral load (AOR = 0.65; 95% CI: 0.52, 0.81) were identified as significant predictors of viral suppression.
Conclusion
The overall pooled percentage of virological suppression was low compared with the global target of viral suppression. Poor adherence, normal body mass index, disclosure, absence of opportunistic infection and high viral load were contributing factors of viral suppression in Ethiopia. Responsible stakeholders should maximize their effort to achieve the global target of virological suppression by addressing significant predictors.
Prospero registration number and google link: CRD42023434248.
Development of a new endometrial microRNA-based signature for identifying window of implantation
Authors: Chen Ching Hung , Lu Farn , Yang Wen Jui , Chen Wei Ming , Yang Eric Pok , Kang Shih Ting , Wang Tiffany , Chang Po Chang , Huang Yu Shan , Feng Chi Ting , Yang Jung-Hsuan , Liu Chen-Yu , Hsieh Chi-An , Wang Lily Hui-Ching , Huang Jack Yu Jen
Published: July 2023

Though tremendous advances have been made in the field of in vitro fertilization (IVF), a portion of patients are still troubled by embryo implantation failure issues. One of the significant factors contributing to implantation failure is a uterine condition called the displaced window of implantation (WOI), which results in an unsynchronized endometrium and embryo transfer time for IVF patients during treatment. Previous studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) can be important indicators in the reproductive process, regulating important functions such as embryo development, organ development, and cytokinesis. In this study, we have built and validated a microRNA-based prediction model for analyzing endometrial receptivity to identify the WOI of patients undergoing frozen embryo transfer cycles. Based on miRNA biomarkers’ expression profiles, a miRNA-based classifier was built with an accuracy of 94% in the training set and 89% in the testing set, showing high promise in accurately identifying the ideal time for embryo transfer (WOI).
Research on Service Governance Security Reconstruction Mechanism in Large Model Scenarios
Authors: Sheng Shuo
Published: July 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Research on multi-dimensional reconstruction mechanism of cloud native full link in the Metaverse scenario
Authors: Sheng Shuo
Published: July 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Modified Overlap Method for Esophagojejunostomy in Totally Laparoscopic Total Gastrectomy: A retrospective study of a single center
Authors: Yalikun Abudushalamu , Zuo Bingyu , Kwan Wingyan , Dai Kefan , Hong Hiju , Li Shuchun , Ma Junjun , Xue Pei , Zang Lu
Published: July 2023

PurposeThis retrospective study aims to investigate the value of the application of the modified overlap method for esophagojejunostomy in totally laparoscopic total gastrectomy (TLTG).MethodsFrom January 2017 to June 2020, 115 patients underwent the modified overlap method for esophagojejunostomy with intracorporeal anastomoses in TLTG. The patients’ data were collected prospectivelyand reviewed retrospectively.ResultsAll of 115 cases underwent TLTG and the modified overlap method for esophagojejunostomy. There were neither conversions to open surgery nor intraoperative complications. In this study, the median operative time was 201 (166–242) min and the median time of esophagojejunostomy was 27 (24–41) min. The estimated blood loss (EBL), time of fluid diet intake and length of postoperative hospital stay were 75 mL (range 50-120 mL), 4 (3–5) days, and 10 (9–13) days. The mean lymph node harvest was 23 (18–31). Anastomotic leak occurred postoperatively on three patients (2.6%). After a short-term follow-up, no anastomotic stenosis was encountered by endoscopy.ConclusionsTLTG with modified overlap method for esophagojejunostomy could be technically feasible and safe in upper gastric cancer patients. It has an acceptable range of postoperative complications, and it is effective in preventing anastomotic stenosis.
Fracture Pain in Children in the Emergency Department: the Impact of a New Pain Management Procedure
Authors: Liber Mélany , Jorna Claire , Abidji Déborah , Ramdane Nassima , Avez-Couturier Justine , Dubos François
Published: July 2023

Purpose
To compare compliance with the French national guidelines before and after the implementation (in 2018) of a new protocol on acute fracture pain management in the pediatric emergency department of a French university medical center.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective, before-after study in patients aged below 16 years presenting at the pediatric emergency department with a fracture. We compared pain management before (in 2017) and after (in 2019 and 2020) implementation of the new procedure. The primary endpoint was appropriate pain management, defined as (i) an appropriate initial assessment of pain, (ii) appropriate treatment with analgesic drugs (acetaminophen for mild pain, acetaminophen and ibuprofen for moderate pain, ibuprofen and morphine for severe pain) and (iii) reassessment of the pain intensity.
Results
572 patients were included (mean age: 6.5 years; male: 60%). 190 in 2017 and 382 in 2019–2020. Pain management was appropriate for 40% of the patients in 2017 and 52% in 2019–2020 (p = 0.004). Pain was rated for 98% of patients in 2017 vs. 100% in 2019–2020 (p = 0.04). The frequency of appropriate treatment for mild pain and moderate pain increased significantly from 52–76% and from 0–44%, respectively. The administration of ibuprofen increased by 26 percentage points (from 3 to 20 patients treated) and the administration of morphine increased by 29 percentage points (from 1 to 17 patients treated). Pain reassessment rose significantly from 21–43%. Levels of compliance with the guidelines were similar in 2019 and 2020. Analgesia was significantly more effective in 2019–2020 than in 2017 (in 20% vs. 14% of the patients, respectively; p = 0.005).
Conclusion
After the implementation of a new protocol for the management of acute fracture pain, we observed an increase in compliance with the guidelines. Although the use of ibuprofen and morphine rose significantly, further increases are required.
Coherent THz detection via ultrafast dynamics of hot Dirac fermions in graphene
Authors: Thomson Mark D. , Ludwig Florian , Holstein Jakob , Al-Mudhafar Reiam , Al-Daffaie Shihab , Roskos Hartmut
Published: July 2023

Graphene has recently been shown to exhibit ultrafast conductivity modulation due to periodic carrier heating by either terahertz (THz) waves, leading to self-induced harmonic generation, or the intensity beat-note of two-color optical radiation. We exploit the latter to realize an optoelectronic photomixer for coherent, continuous-wave THz detection, based on a photoconductive antenna with multilayer graphene in the gap. While for biased THz emitters, the dark current would pose a serious detriment for performance, we show that this is not the case for bias-free THz detection, and demonstrate a detection bandwidth of at least 700 GHz at room temperature, even without optimized tuning of the doping. We account for the photocurrent and photomixing response using detailed simulations of the time-dependent carrier distribution, which also indicate significant potential for enhancement of the sensitivity, to become competitive with well-established semiconductor photomixers.
Leveraging Classification Models to Understand Football Players' and Teams' Characteristics
Authors: Rajagopalan Anirudh , Srid Rajeswari
Published: July 2023

The Expected Goals (xG) is a performance metric used to evaluate a football team's or a player's performance. Simply put, it represents the probability of a scoring opportunity that may result in a goal. This metric suits the low-scoring nature of sports such as football. The score of a match involves randomness and inexplicable factors that skew the data represented by standard metrics and often may not represent the actual performance of an individual or a team; therefore, it would be of more significant benefit to individuals trying to analyse a player or a team to use alternative statistics rather than shots on target, ball possessions percentage, and sprints completed. The xG Model is trained on several key metrics derived from on-field events, corroborating with the historical to measure the probability of a shot being a goal by the common goal. The selection of these features, the size and date of the data, and the model used as the parameters that may affect the model's performance. Using machine learning models to increase the model's predictive performance decreases the vagueness caused by subjective interpretation. This paper proposes an accurate expected goal model trained on a compiled dataset containing data from the FIFA World Cup 2018 and 2022, and the UEFA Champions League 2018-2022, with a total of 768,744 shots taken by the top players take when representing their country and club on the biggest stage. Moreover, this model is explained by using data visualisation tools to obtain an explainable expected goal representation for evaluating a team or player's performance. Moreover, these methods can be generalised to other sports.
Machine Learning Analyses Reveal Circadian Clock Features Predictive of Anxiety Among UK Biobank Participants
Authors: Ventresca Cole , Mohamed Wael , Russel William A. , Ay Ahmet , Ingram Krista K.
Published: July 2023

Mood disorders, including depression and anxiety, affect almost one-fifth of the world’s adult population and are becoming increasingly prevalent. Mutations in circadian clock genes have previously been associated with mood disorders both directly and indirectly through alterations in circadian phase, suggesting that the circadian clock influences multiple molecular pathways involved in mood. By targeting previously identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that have been implicated in anxiety and depressive disorders, we use a combination of statistical and machine learning techniques to investigate associations with anxiety (GAD-7) scores in a UK Biobank sample of 90,882 individuals. As in previous studies, we observed that females exhibited higher GAD-7 scores than males regardless of genotype. Interestingly, we found no significant effects on anxiety from individual circadian gene variants; only circadian genotypes with multiple SNP variants showed significant associations with anxiety. For both sexes, severe anxiety is associated with a 120-fold increase in odds for individuals with CRY2_AG(rs1083852)/ZBTB20_TT(rs1394593) genotypes and is associated with a near forty-fold reduction in odds for individuals with PER3A_CG(rs228697)/ZBTB20_TT(rs1394593) genotypes. We report several sex-specific associations with anxiety. CRY2/ZBTB20 and PER3A/ZBTB20 genotypic combinations were most strongly associated with anxiety in females with the CRY2_AG/ZBTB20_TT genotype associated with a > 200-fold increase in odds of anxiety in females. Mediation analysis revealed direct associations of CRY2/ZBTB20 variant genotypes with moderate anxiety in females and CRY1/PER3A variant genotypes with severe anxiety in males. The association of CRY1/PER3A variant genotypes with severe anxiety in females was partially mediated by extreme evening chronotype. Our results reinforce existing findings that females exhibit stronger anxiety outcomes than males, and provide evidence for circadian gene associations with anxiety, particularly in females. Our findings also implicate ZBTB20 (rs1394593) as a robust factor linking circadian variants to anxiety risk, suggesting that lower expression of this gene significantly modulates the odds of anxiety. Together, these observations provide novel links between the circadian clockwork and anxiety symptoms and identify potential molecular pathways through which clock genes may influence anxiety risk.
Coronary Vessel Segmentation in X-ray Angiography Images using Edge-based Tracking Method
Authors: Lalinia Mehrshad , Sahafi Ali
Published: July 2023

Automated extraction of coronary arteries is an essential process in the diagnosis of treatment for coronary artery disease (CAD) with computer assistance. Accurately outlining the coronary artery is difficult when using X-ray coronary angiography (XCA) because of the low signal-to-noise ratio and the presence of interfering background structures. In this paper, a new approach for segmenting vessels in angiograms is presented, specifically designed to tackle the difficulties arising from non-uniform illumination, artifacts, and noise present in angiographic images. The proposed method employs an edge-based tracking tool to generate an initial probability map for segmentation. A segmentation method based on coronary vessel tracking is presented for finding the border and centerline of the vessel. The proposed method is designed based on two main components: preprocessing and tracking. In the preprocessing stage, a guided filter and edge-sharpening algorithms are used to enhance the features of the original image. In the tracking stage, an initial point is selected, and using the Gaussian property, a semi-circle operator is applied to track the line perpendicular to the vessel. The proposed method demonstrated remarkable performance in terms of sensitivity and specificity, achieving values of 86.93 and 99.61, respectively. Additionally, the method achieved an accuracy rate of 97.81. Notably, the proposed method outperformed existing state-of-the-art segmentation methods, as indicated by its higher dice score. These impressive results signify a significant advancement in the field of vessel segmentation, highlighting the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed approach.
Gene Editing of ZmGA20ox3 improves plant architecture and drought tolerance in maize
Authors: Liu XiangGuo , Liu Yang , Chen Ziqi , Zhang Chuang , Guo Jia , Liu Qing , Yin Yuejia , Hu Yang , Xia Hanchao , Li Bingyang , Sun Xiaopeng , Li Yidan
Published: July 2023

Drought stress, a major plant abiotic stress, is capable of suppressing crop yield performance severely. However, the trade-off between crop drought tolerance and yield performance turns out to be significantly challenging in drought-resistant crop breeding. Several phytohormones (e.g., gibberellin (GA)) have been reported to play a certain role in plant drought response, which also take on critical significance in plant growth and development. In this study, the loss-of-function mutations of GA biosynthesis enzyme ZmGA20ox3 were produced using the CRISPR-Cas9 system in maize. As indicated by the result of two-year field trials, the above-mentioned mutants displayed semi-dwarfing phenotype with the decrease of GA1, and almost no yield loss was generated compared with wild-type (WT) plants. Interestingly, as revealed by the transcriptome analysis, differential expressed genes (DEGs) were notably enriched in abiotic stress progresses, and biochemical tests indicated the significantly increased ABA, JA, and DIMBOA levels in mutants, suggesting that ZmGA20ox3 may take on vital significance in stress response in maize. The in-depth analysis suggested that the loss function of ZmGA20ox3 can enhance drought tolerance in maize seedling, reduce Anthesis-Silking Interval (ASI) delay while decreasing the yield loss significantly in the field under drought conditions. The results of this study supported that regulating ZmGA20ox3 can improve plant height while enhancing drought resistance in maize, thus serving as a novel method for drought-resistant genetic improvement in maize.
PCR-based screening of pathogens and parasites in Bombus terrestris populations of Turkey
Authors: SEVIM ALI , Akpınar Rahşan , Öztürk Seyit Hasan , Yılmaz Fatih , Kayaboynu Ümit , Sevim Elif , Ese Hasan , Karataş Ümit , Buldağ Mücahit , Umur Şinasi
Published: July 2023

Purpose
Bumblebees are an important group of insects in the pollination of various vegetables, fruits, oilseeds, legumes, and the fodder crops. Compared to honeybees, they have a wider choice of hosts and a longer flight period. These bees are used especially for the pollination of plants in greenhouses and are commercially produced for this purpose. Recently, serious decreases have been occurring in bumblebee populations due to various reasons such as pathogens and parasites, and some of species are even threatened with extinction. In this study, the presence of various pathogens and parasites was investigated by PCR in Turkish populations.
Methods
A total of 172 Bombus terrestris (Linnaeus,1758) samples (21 samples from commercial enterprises, 79 samples from greenhouses and 72 samples from nature) collected from three provinces (Antalya, Mersin and İzmir) where greenhouse cultivation is intensively carried out in Turkey. 89 of these samples were collected in the spring and 83 in the fall.
Results
The overall prevalence of Nosema bombi, Crithidia bombi, Apicyctis bombi and Locustacarus buchneri was determined as 7.55%, 9.3%, 11.62% and 4.65%, respectively. Co-infections (5.81%) were only detected in nature samples. C. bombi and A. bombi infections were detected at higher rates in the spring samples than the autumn samples (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
The obtained results could be important in determining the spread rates of the bumblebee diseases in Turkey and in the control of these diseases. More studies are needed to determine the transmission pathways of these pathogens between the populations.
Analyzing the mediating effects between discrimination and depression: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Cooper Zach , Pitner Ronald , Ali Mohammed
Published: July 2023

Background
Depression is pervasive and influences health. There is, however, a lack of understanding regarding the nuanced way racial discrimination influences depression within medical settings.
Objective
To increase understanding regarding the relationship between discrimination and depression, we analyzed the relationships between experiencing discrimination and depressive symptoms, whether anxiety and stress were mediators of this relationship, and whether self-esteem and racial identity moderated these relationships. Design: Stratified random sampling was used to identify 383 participants (228 White and 155 Black). Hayes’ PROCESS macro was utilized to analyze both the mediating and moderating influences of discrimination on depression.
Results
The overall model showed that discrimination, self-esteem, racial identity, anxiety, and perceived stress accounted for 57% of the variance in depressive symptoms. There was a significant direct association between experiences of discrimination with depressive symptoms (B = .21, p > .01). Both anxiety (B = .24, p < .01) and perceived stress (B = .53, P < .01) were also associated with depressive symptoms. Self- Esteem appeared to moderate the relationship between discrimination and both anxiety (B = − .60, P < .01) and perceived stress (B = − .55, p < .01).
Conclusions
These data suggest that, in the presence of depressive symptoms, clinicians should consider screening for discrimination, stress, and anxiety. In addition, interventions emphasizing self-esteem may mitigate the influence of discrimination, stress, and anxiety.
Offspring-sex modifies the association between early-pregnancy adiposity and 2-year-old total physical activity – The Glowing Study
Authors: Diaz Eva , Williams David , Howe E , Børsheim Elisabet , Andres Aline
Published: July 2023

Background: Rodent models suggest that in utero exposure to under and overnutrition programs offspring physical activity (PA) behaviors. Such nexus has not been established in humans. This study evaluated the association of early pregnancy maternal adiposity with offspring PA at age 2 years (2-yo-PA) taking into consideration prenatal and postnatal factors.
Methods:
Women (n=153) were enrolled early in pregnancy (<10 weeks). At enrollment, maternal adiposity [air displacement plethysmography, fat mass index (FMI, kg/m2)] and PA (accelerometers, activity counts) were measured, and age, race, and education self-reported. Gestational weight gain was measured at the research facility. Offspring birthweight and sex were self-reported. At age 2 years, parental feeding practices (child feeding questionnaire) were assessed, whereas anthropometrics (length and weight) and physical activity (accelerometers) were objectively measured. Offspring body mass index z-scores were calculated. Generalized linear regression analysis modeled the association of maternal FMI and 2-yo-PA [average activity counts (AC)4/day].
Results: There was an interaction between maternal FMI and offspring sex in association with 2-yo-PA (β= -1.03, p= 0.030). Specifically, 2-yo-PA was lower in girls compared to boys when maternal FMI was ≥7 kg/m2. Maternal PA early in pregnancy positively associated with 2-yo-PA (β= 0.21, p= 0.005). In addition, children born to women with college education tended to be more active compared to children born to women without college education (β= 3.46, p= 0.059).
Conclusions: Sexual dimorphism was observed in the associations of maternal adiposity with 2-yo-PA, with girls being less active compared to boys only when maternal FMI was ≥7 kg/m2.
Phase Diagram Calculation, Microstructure, and Wear Resistance of Al0.8CrFeCoNiCu0.5Si0.5 High Entropy Alloy
Authors: Zhao Pengfei , Li Yanzhou , Cao Zhanyi
Published: July 2023

The Al0.8CrFeCoNiCu0.5Si0.5 high-entropy alloy was synthesized using the vacuum arc melting method, and its microstructure and properties were analyzed. The equilibrium solidification phase diagram of the alloy was calculated using Thermo-Calc software. The alloy consisted of BCC1, BCC2, and Cr3Si phases, consistent with the calculation results of the phase diagram. The microstructure of the alloy was dendritic, with secondary dendritic arms. The interdendritic structure was rich in the Al-Ni phase, and the dendritic structure was rich in the Fe-Cr-Si phase. The distribution of Co and Cu was relatively uniform. The cooling condition of the alloy was found to be an essential factor affecting the formation of the Cr3Si phase, according to the phase diagram calculation results and solid-state nucleation theory. The hardness of the alloy was measured to be 578 HV0.2, and the wear rate was 3.27×10-7mm3/Nm. The wear mechanism was abrasive wear. The analysis of the microstructure and properties of the Al0.8CrFeCoNiCu0.5Si0.5 high-entropy alloy suggests that it has potential applications in industries that require high hardness and resistance to wear.
Cuproptosis-related gene signatures and immunological characterization in sepsis- associated acute lung injury
Authors: Zhu Mingyu , Tang Xiaokai , Xu Jingjing , Gong Yuanqi
Published: July 2023

Sepsis is a common cause of acute lung injury (ALI), often accompanied by immune disorders and a high mortality rate. Cuproptosis is a recently discovered form of cell death that participates in the progression of various diseases. There is no information on the role of cuproptosis in sepsis-associated ALI. Data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were used for a comprehensive analysis of the transcriptional changes and role of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in sepsis-associated ALI. Gene enrichment analysis, the WGCNA and CIBERSORT algorithms, and consensus clustering were used to explore the relationships between CRGs and immune cells, as well as the underlying mechanisms. We found that fourteen CRGs that showed significant differences in expression between sepsis-associated ALI and healthy controls. Two different CRG subtypes were identified. The scores of the CRG and gene clusters were consistent, and the expression of immune-related factors in the two clusters was similar. Infiltration of immune cells differed between the subgroups, indicating an association between the subgroups and immune cell. A CRG-scoring model was constructed, and was effective in predicting the incidence of sepsis-associated ALI through the expression of CRGs. Real-time PCR analysis showed that the expression of CRGs in the sepsis-associated ALI cell model was similar to that seen in CRG cluster B. CRGs were found to be significantly associated with the occurrence, immune characteristics, and biological processes of sepsis-associated ALI. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying sepsis-associated ALI.
SIGNET: Transcriptome-wide Causal Inference for Gene Regulatory Networks
Authors: Zhang Dabao , Jiang Zhongli , Chen Chen , Xu Zhenyu , Wang Xiaojian , Zhang Min
Published: July 2023

Gene regulation plays an important role in understanding the mechanisms of human biology and diseases. However, inferring causal relationships between all genes is challenging due to the large number of genes in the transcriptome. Here, we present SIGNET (Statistical Inference on Gene Regulatory Networks), a flexible software package that reveals networks of causal regulation between genes built upon large-scale transcriptomic and genotypic data at the population level. Like Mendelian randomization, SIGNET uses genotypic variants as natural instrumental variables to establish such causal relationships but constructs a transcriptome-wide gene regulatory network with high confidence. SIGNET makes such a computationally heavy task feasible by deploying a well-designed statistical algorithm over a parallel computing environment. It also provides a user-friendly interface allowing for parameter tuning, efficient parallel computing scheduling, interactive network visualization, and confirmatory results retrieval. The Open source SIGNET software is freely available (https://www.zstats.org/signet/).
Work immersion and perceived stress among clinical nurses: A latent profile analysis and moderated mediation analysis
Authors: Liao Yuan , Wei Wanting , Fang Sujuan , Wu Lihua , Gao Jing , Wu Xinyu , Huang Lijun , Li Chun , Li Yu
Published: July 2023

Background
Exploring the relationship between individual work immersion and perceived stress is critical for effective psychological interventions and human resource management for clinical nurses as well as for alleviating nursing staff shortages, especially after experiencing a major public health event. In order to further dissect the influencing factors of perceived stress among nursing staff, our study introduces the concepts of perfectionism and social connectedness, which aim to analyse the specific pathways that influence perceived stress in terms of an individual's intrinsic and external characteristics. Therefore, this study will provide relevant recommendations for the development of stress management measures for nursing staff.
Methods
This was a cross-sectional survey. 993 clinical registered nurses were included from four hospitals in Guangzhou through a convenience sampling method. Clinical nurses' work immersion, perceived stress, perfectionism, and social connectedness were investigated using questionnaires with good reliability and validity. Relationships between variables were studied by t-test, analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation analysis, latent profile analysis, and moderated mediation analysis.
Results
This study was based on latent profile analysis. The results showed that (1) general influences on nurses' perceived stress included only child, labor relationship, labor allowance, and family support; (2) nurses' work immersion's contained four subgroups: low (12.6%), medium-low (39.8%), medium-high (39.9%), and highest (7.7%); (3) perfectionism played a mediating role between the association of work immersion and perceived stress, in which negative perfectionism has a masking effect; (4) social connectedness plays a moderating role in the mediation model of perceived stress.
Conclusions
Work immersion, perfectionism, and social connectedness have an important impact on clinical nurses' perceived stress. Nursing managers or leaders should pay attention to the variability of individual work immersion status, adopt reasonable stress management strategies, accurately identify positive perfectionist groups and mobilize intergroup intimacy, and safeguard the quality of daily nursing care in order to reduce nursing turnover and alleviate the problem of staff shortage.
A denoising method of coal charge signal under load based on IWT and ICEEMDAN algorithm
Authors: Li Xin , Bu Jingran , Yang Zhen , Li Hao , Zuo Hui , Wang Yuning , Zhou Jing
Published: July 2023

With the continuous improvement of signal noise reduction performance requirements, in view of the noise existing in the electromagnetic radiation signal acquisition process, the wavelet threshold function of traditional denoising methods has problems such as non-progressiveness and discontinuity at the threshold value. In order to achieve better signal noise reduction effect, this paper proposes a collection based on improved wavelet threshold (IWT) function and improved complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (ICEEMDAN) combined denoising algorithm. Firstly, the algorithm is used to decompose the noisy signal, and calculate the intrinsic mode function (IMF) and correlation coefficient of each order to distinguish the noise from the correlated signal. Then, the IMF component dominated by the signal is reconstructed to complete the denoising. Simulations and experiments show that the algorithm can effectively remove the noise in the charge sensing signal, and its signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is improved by 2.4062 compared with six similar algorithms such as the improved threshold function, CEEMD algorithm, and the root mean square error (RMSE) is reduced by 0.0866, and its noise-to-noise ratio(Rnn) is reduced by 3.103 compared with four algorithms such as the improved threshold function, the improved threshold function combined with the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), and has a good noise reduction performance, and the research results provide a new method for capturing real signals. Decomposition (EEMD) combined with denoising and other four algorithms is reduced by 3.103, which has better noise reduction performance. The research results provide a new method for collecting real signals, This indicates the feasibility of the joint denoising algorithm.
Cleaner Production of natural dye from Arjuna terminalia for silk and wool dyeing
Authors: Yar Muhammad , Adeel Shahid , Rehman Fazal-ur- , Amin Nimra , Salman Mahwish
Published: July 2023

The effect of microwave (MW) radiations on wool and silk dyeing with extract of Arjun bark (Terminalia Arjuna) powder has been investigated. The wool and, silk & dye powder were irradiated to MW treatment for up to 5 minutes. Dyeing was performed using un-irradiated and irradiated wool and silk with irradiated and un-irradiated dye powder extracts. SEM and FTIR analyses were performed to observe morphological and chemical changes in the fabric's surface before and after irradiation. Different dyeing parameters have been optimized using a central composite design through response surface methodology. Pre- and post-mordanting was done using 0.5-2.5g/100mL of sustainable chemicals and mordants. All dyed fabrics were subjected to color analysis using a Spectra Flash spectrophotometer (SF600). ISO standard methods were employed for colorfastness to light, washing, and rubbing. It has been found that 45mL of acidic extract of 3pH when employed at 75°C for 45 min after microwave treatment up to 2 min., the dyed silk fabric has furnished high yield after finishing. For wool, 35mL of methanolic extract of 5pH when employed at 45°C for 55 min after MW treatment up to 1 min. The dyed wool fabric has furnished a high yield after finishing. Before and after the dyeing of silk and wool, the Selected chemical and bio-mordants have developed colorfast shades.
Exact Solution, Symmetry Group and Conservation laws for Some (2+1)-dimensional Nonlinear Physical Models
Authors: Hassan M. M. , Shehata A. R. , Abdel-Daym M. S.
Published: July 2023

In this paper, the Bernoulli sub-equation function method is used to construct new exact travelling wave solutions of two important physical models, (2+1)-dimensional hyperbolic non-linear Schrödinger (HNLS) equation and (2+1)-dimensional Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin chain (HFSC) equation. These solutions helpful to see the behavior of the physical phenomena of these models and they are expressible in exponential functions and tanh functions. The infinitesimal generators and the symmetry group have been investigated using the Lie symmetry method. In addition, by using multiplier approaches, the conservation laws are constructed for these models. Graphical simulation of some solutions in the form of two-dimensional and three-dimensional are plotted.
PACS numbers: 02.30.Jr, 04.20.Jb, 05.45.Yv.
Modeling and Optimization of Surface Residual Stress Profiles in Milling of Aluminum 7075-T6 Alloy
Authors: Yue Qibin , He Yan , Li Yufeng , Tian Shufei
Published: July 2023

Aluminum 7075-T6 alloy has been widely employed in aviation, transport, and automobile applications due to its remarkable properties, while a lot of residual stresses can be generated in the machined surface and subsurface during the machining process. The machining parameters have significant effects on the formation of residual stress, it’s important to predict the residual stress distribution with the cutting parameters and optimize the machining parameters to acquire the desirable residual profiles. Although many efforts of current studies have been paid to the prediction of residual stress profiles in different materials and machining processes, however, few works focused on residual stress in-depth profiles in the machining of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy, and the optimization of cutting parameters for required residual stress profile has also rarely been reported as well. Therefore, this study proposed an integrated prediction model, which combines exponential decay cosine function (EDC), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and back propagation neural network (BP), to predict the in-depth residual stress profile of the machined surface in milling of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy. Furthermore, according to the predicted residual stress profile, the key features for describing the residual stress profile include the surface residual stress (SRS), maximum compressive residual stress (MCRS), depth of maximum compressive residual stress (DMCS), and depth of residual stress (DRS), were identified and analyzed. And a multiple objectives optimization was conducted based on the predicted residual stress profile features, where Kriging-based models were employed to establish the relationships between machining parameters and each objective (SRS, MCRS, and MRR i.e. material removal rate). Finally, a two-stage optimization strategy integrating NSGA-III, MOPSO, and TOPSIS algorithms, was used to address the multi-objective optimization model to obtain the expected residual stress profile and MRR. This work can provide some practical guidance for industrial production in machining 7075-T6 aluminum alloy.
Acaricidal activity of Lantana Camara (Verbenaceae) and Ruta chalepensis (Rutaceae) essential oils against the date palm mite Oligonychus afrasiaticus (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae)
Authors: Gaid El Habib , Chouikhi Sabrine , Assadi Besma Hamrouni , Lebdi Kaouthar Grissa , Belkadhi Mohamed Sadok
Published: July 2023

Oligonychus afrasiaticus (McGregor) (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a major pest causing substantial economic losses to date palm fruit in southern Tunisia and Algeria, where climatic conditions are very favorable to its development. As part of a study into sustainable management strategies for O. afrasiaticus, two essential oils extracted from Lantana Camara and Ruta chalepensis were tested as adulticides against female O. afrasiaticus mites. For this purpose, an analysis of the chemical composition of these two oils was carried out using the GC-MS method in conjunction with laboratory experiments against fertilised O. afrasiaticus females. The EO of L. camara was mainly composed of caryophyllene (24.33%), Humulene (26.65%) and Muurolene (14.22%). The EO of R. chalepensis was mainly composed of 2-Undecanone (50.52%), 2-Nonanone (11.27%) and 2-Octanol, acetate (9.17%). The acaricidal activity of the EOs against O. afrasiaticus was assessed by contact with females. The LC 50 after 72 h of treatment was 3.198 µL/mL and 8.312 µL/mL for L. Camara and R. chalepensis, respectively. According to the LT 50, the acute toxicity of the EOs to O. afrasiaticus, from high to low, was the Essential Oils L. camara and R. chalepensis at the concentration of 200 µl/ml. In conclusion, the Essential Oils of L. Camara and R. chalepensis have a better acaricidal effect and a high application value for the biological control of O. afrasiaticus, which provides a basis for the development of botanical acaricides.
Estimating the Expected Time to Enter and Leave a Common Target Area in Robotic Swarms
Authors: Passos Yuri Tavares , Marcolino Leandro Soriano
Published: July 2023

Coordination algorithms are required to minimise congestion when every robot in a robotic swarm has a common target area to visit. Some of these algorithms use artificial potential fields to enable path planning to become distributed and local. An efficiency measure for comparing them is the time to complete a task in relation to the number of individuals in the swarm. In order to compare distinct solutions as the swarm grows, experiments with different numbers of robots must be simulated to form a plot of the function of the task completion time versus the number of robots or other parameters. Nevertheless, plotting it for many robots through simulation is time-consuming. Additionally, the inference of a global swarm behaviour as the task completion time from the local individual robot motion controller based on potential fields and other dynamical variables is intractable and requires experimental analysis. Based on that, we present equations for estimating the expected task completion time of state-of-the-art algorithms, robots using only attractive and repulsive force fields and mixed teams for the common target area problem in robotic swarms with not only the number of robots as input but also environment- and algorithm-related global variables, such as the size of the common target area and the working area, average speed and average distance between the robots. This paper is a fundamental first step to start a discussion on how better approximations can be achieved and which mathematical theories about local-to-global analysis are better suited to this problem.
Microplastics in the Atmosphere: A Global Perspective
Authors: Brasseur Guy , Wang Shanye , Walters Stacy , Lichtig Pablo , Li Cathy
Published: July 2023

Microplastic particles have been detected in various parts of the atmosphere. Earlier studies have attributed their primary source to the oceans. However, recent laboratory studies suggest that ocean emission fluxes are considerably lower than previously assumed, and specifically that they are lower than the sources related to transportation on land. Here, we perform model simulations of the atmospheric transport and deposition of microplastic particles at the global scale based on bottom-up reduced ocean emissions. We conclude that approximately 124 kilotons of microplastics are suspended in the atmosphere globally, and that 19 million tons/year are deposited on the Earth's surface with only 3 million tons/year being deposited to the oceans. The highest human exposure risk to microplastics is found in densely populated regions. The Arctic and Antarctica are significant receptor regions for microplastic particles with a diameter smaller than 1.5 µm that are transported over long distances.
Usefulness of FAPα assessment in bronchoalveolar lavage as a marker of fibrogenesis: results of a preclinical study and first report in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Lavis Philomène , Pingitore Julien , Doumont Gilles , Garabet Ani , Simaeys Gaetan Van , Lacroix Simon , Passon Nicolas , Heymbeek Christophe Van , De Maeseneire Coraline , Allard Justine , Collin Amandine , Huaux François , Decaestecker Christine , Salmon Isabelle , Goldman Serge , Cardozo Alessandra Kupper , Bondue Benjamin
Published: July 2023

Background:Fibroblast activation protein-α (FAPα) is a marker of activated fibroblasts that can be selectively targeted by an inhibitor (FAPI) and visualised by PET/CT imaging. We evaluated whether the measurement of FAPα in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF) and the uptake of FAPI by PET/CT could be used as biomarkers of fibrogenesis.Methods:The dynamics of lung uptake of18F-labeled FAPI ([18F]FAPI-74) was assessed in the bleomycin mouse model at various time points and using different concentrations of bleomycin by PET/CT. FAPα was measured in BALFs from these bleomycin-treated and control mice. FAPα levels were also assessed in BALFs from controls and patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).Results:Bleomycin-treated mice presented a significantly higher uptake of [18F]FAPI-74 during lung fibrinogenesis (days 10 and 16 after instillation) compared to control mice. No significant difference was observed at initial inflammatory phase (3 days) and when fibrosis was already established (28 days). [18F]FAPI-74 tracer was unable to show a dose-response to bleomycin treatment. On the other hand, BALF FAPα levels were steeply higher in bleomycin-treated mice at day 10 and a significant dose-response effect was observed. Moreover, FAPa levels were strongly correlated with lung fibrosis as measured by the modified Aschroft histological analysis, hydroxyproline and the percentage of weight loss. Importantly, higher levels of FAPα were observed in IPF patients where the disease was progressing as compared to stable patients and controls. Moreover, patients with FAPα BALF levels higher than 192.5 pg/mL presented a higher risk of progression, transplantation or death compared to patients with lower levels.Conclusions:Our preclinical data highlight a specific increase of [18F]FAPI-74 lung uptake during the fibrotic phase of the bleomycin murine model. The measurement of FAPα in BALF appears to be a promising marker of the fibrotic activity in preclinical models of lung fibrosis and in IPF patients. Further studies are required to confirm the role of FAP in BALF as biomarker of IPF activity and assess the relationship between FAPα levels in BALF and [18F]FAPI-74 uptake on PET/CT in patients with fibrotic lung disease.