bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New clinical and immunological aspects of acute urticaria in children
Authors: Maltsev S. V. , Sizyakina L. P. , Lebedenko A. A. , Averkina L. A.
Published: April 2024

Objective: to study the features of the clinical picture and the innate immune response in children with various variants of the course of acute urticaria.

Materials and methods: 236 children with acute urticaria were examined. Clinical research methods included an analysis of the medical history of life and disease, an objective examination of the child, immunological research methods consisted in determining the content of lactoferrin, IL-4, IL-6, IL-17, IFN-γ, TGF-β, the active form of VEGF-A by enzyme immunoassay of blood serum.

Results: clinical and anamnestic data of various variants of the course of acute urticaria in children, depending on the values of UAS7, revealed the features of the course of the disease in childhood; in some patients, severe acute urticaria was an integral part of anaphylaxis of various origins; cytokine spectrum analysis records hyperproduction of IFNy in children with acute urticaria, regardless of the severity of its course, a decrease in IL levels-4 in the blood serum of children with all variants of acute urticaria, increased concentration of lactoferrin, IL-6, IL-17, significant hyperproduction of TGF-β, the active form of VEGF-A in severe acute urticaria.

Conclusion: the revealed changes indicate an imbalance in the functioning of the innate link of the immune system, activation of the cytokine cascade of inflammation, which leads to the launch of regulatory mechanisms of the inflammatory process, while in childhood there is a clear dependence of the severity of the imbalance of the immune response and the severity of acute urticarial.
Rate of treatment demand of Omsk region population due to injuries caused by animals: dynamics and structure
Authors: Savkina E. S. , Poleshchuk E. M. , Sidorov G. N.
Published: April 2024

Objective: to analyze the rate of treatment demand after contact with animals in the Omsk region.

Materials and methods: we used data of rate of treatment demand of Omsk region population due to injuries caused by animals in 2009–2022. A descriptive-evaluative epidemiological research method was used. The characteristics of injuries from domestic owned (dogs and cats with an owner), domestic stray (stray dogs and cats) and wild (including synanthropic rodents) animals are analyzed.

Results: in 2009–2022 in the Omsk region, 65142 people were injured by animals, which amounted to an average of 4653 complaints per year. Appeals from children aged 0–17 years old amounted to 36,5%, and from children aged 0–14 — 30,2% of the total. The leading role belongs to injuries caused by domestic animals — 67,1%, and of these, in 75,4% of cases — by dogs. An increase in calls regarding attacks by stray dogs has been established and is extremely pronounced regarding attacks by stray cats. The number of calls regarding bites from wild animals, namely squirrels and wild and synanthropic rodents, has increased significantly.

Conclusions: In order to reduce the frequency of dangerous contacts with wild animals, in particular with squirrels, as well as with pets, it is necessary to carry out sanitary educational work with the population, especially children. The issue of installing warning boards in parks with a ban on hand-feeding squirrels, and installing feeding tables and feeders should be considered.
Epidemiological situation of natural focal infections in the Volgograd region in 2023
Authors: Smelyansky V. P. , Zhukov K. V. , Kargashin S. A. , Nikitin D. N. , Klimina I. A. , Taratutina M. N. , Romasova E. I. , Kondratenko E. V. , Bozhko V. G.
Published: April 2024

Objective: analysis of epizootiological and epidemiological aspects of natural focal infections, namely plague, tularemia, HFRS, West Nile fever, Crimean hemorrhagic fever, Ixodic tick-borne borreliosis, Cu fever, leptospirosis and rabies, in the Volgograd region over 10 months in 2023.

Materials and methods: the article analyzes the epidemiological manifestations of natural focal infections (NFI) in the Volgograd region for 10 months of 2023. The work uses official statistical data from institutions of Rospotrebnadzor of the Volgograd region on NFI for 2023. The main research method is epidemiological analysis.

Results: the numbers of small mammals, potential carriers of NFI, on the territory of the Volgograd region in the 2023 season were within the same indicators of the previous year (SIPY), while the number of ticks in the spring-summer period was higher than the SIPY, but in the fall the number of arthropods in stationary points was lower than in previous seasons. The number of mosquitoes carrying arbovirus infections exceeded the long-term average. When studying environmental objects for the presence of markers of NFI pathogens, a slight decrease in the proportion of positive samples was noted compared to SIPY for all nosological forms. Over the 10 months of this year, there has been a deterioration in the epidemiological situation in the Volgograd region for several infections compared to the same period in 2022. There were 18 cases of West Nile fever (WNF), 10 cases of ixodid tick-borne borreliosis (ITB), and 6 cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). No patients with plague, tularemia, rabies, leptospirosis, Crimean hemorrhagic fever (CHF) and Q fever were identified.

Conclusion: the presence of natural foci of dangerous infectious diseases of varying degrees of activity on the territory of the Volgograd region requires constant monitoring and an adequate response to changes in the foci in order to prevent complications of the epidemiological situation due to NFI.
Epizootological situation and epidemiological risks for natural focal infections in the territory of new subjects of the Russian Federation (Donetsk People's Republic, Lugansk People's Republic, Zaporozhye and Kherson regions)
Authors: Popova A. Yu. , Kulichenko A. N. , Noskov A. K. , Efremenko D. V. , Volynkina A. S. , Tsapko N. V. , Kotenev E. S. , Maletskaya O. V. , Kurcheva S. A. , Vasilyeva O. V. , Gazieva A. Yu. , Dobrovolsky O. P. , Zabashta M. V. , Khametova A. P. , Panasyuk N. V. , Chemisova O. S. , Tsai A. V. , Ananyeva N. Ye. , Dokashenko D. A. , Khattatova N. V. , Turov V. M.
Published: April 2024

An epizootological inspection of the liberated territories of the Donetsk and Lugansk People's Republics, Zaporozhye and Kherson regions was carried out. It was established that the faunal complex of small mammals, hare-like and ectoparasites, as well as their number, make it possible to ensure the circulation of natural focal infections identified by the results of laboratory studies: tularemia, Crimean hemorrhagic fever (CHF), West Nile fever (WNF), ixodic tick-borne borreliosis (ITB), rickettsiosis, human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA), leptospirosis, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), Q fever, intestinal yersiniosis, Batai, Inco, Sindbis, Tyaginya fevers. For the first time, the PCR method in field material from the Zaporozhye region (Berdyansk and Melitopol regions) detected the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, on the territory of the Donetsk and Lugansk People's Republics in the populations of small mammals (rodents and insectivores), the circulation of viruses Inco, Sindbis, Tyagin, Batai was established. In the territories of Kherson and Zaporozhye regions, the presence of combined and conjugated natural foci of ixodic tick-borne borreliosis, rickettsiosis and human granulocytic anaplasmosis is determined. According to the results of molecular genetic analysis, it was shown that the causative agents of natural focal infections (Crimean hemorrhagic fever, West Nile fever, ixodic tick-borne borreliosis, rickettsiosis) identified in 2023 are genetically close to strains circulating in the regions of the south European part of Russia.
Corrupción e Inclusión Financiera en Hungría y México
Authors: KÁLMÁN Botond Géza , MALATYINSZKI Szilárd , BÁRCZI Judit , ZÉMAN Zoltán
Published: April 2024

La investigación examina la relación entre corrupción e inclusión financiera en Hungría y México utilizando bases de datos públicas. La situación de la corrupción se presenta en el Índice de Percepción de la Corrupción de Transparencia Internacional y la inclusión financiera en los datos del informe Global Findex del Banco Mundial. A partir de los datos de series temporales (2012-2022) de Hungría y México, se pueden utilizar métodos estadísticos (prueba de Welch, análisis de conglomerados) para examinar la evolución de los desempeños y la relación entre los dos índices. La inclusión financiera se desaceleró en ambos países durante el período analizado y la percepción de corrupción también disminuyó. Esto sugiere que puede haber una correlación entre los dos indicadores, lo que también está respaldado por datos de la literatura. Los dos países nunca antes habían sido comparados de esta manera. El hecho de que el estudio sólo se centre en dos países limita la utilidad de los resultados. La presente investigación fue un estudio piloto, cuyo propósito fue sentar las bases para un estudio internacional.
Local Authority Waste Management Strategies, the Circular Economy and the Generation of Energy from Waste in England
Authors: Jones Peter , Wynn Martin
Published: April 2024

The purpose of this article is to examine the approach to waste management of local authorities in England, to investigate their strategic objectives, and to ascertain to what extent sustainability and circular economy practices are in evidence in this context. A qualitative, inductive research method is used, based on an examination of secondary documentation in three local authorities in England in Birmingham, Bristol and Newcastle upon Tyne. The findings reveal considerable common ground within the three authorities – the importance of consumption across society in contributing to the generation of waste, the need for behavioural change, a focus on reducing waste (particularly food waste), maximising recycling and re-use, reducing carbon dioxide emissions, and actively involving the local community and businesses. The case studies also evidence clear support for moving towards a more circular economy, but a number of key challenges were identified whilst initiatives to increase “waste to energy” face a number of potential hurdles. These include the generation of pollution and particulates by waste to energy plants, the destruction of useful materials, and the potential to disincentivize more sustainable waste management solutions. The article makes a small contribution to an existing gap in the academic literature and it is hoped these cases may act as a template for other research studies that could provide comparisons and contrasts in other local authority contexts.
Protocolo sencillo y eficiente para la extracción de ADN a partir de semillas de cafeto (Coffea canephora
Pierre)
Authors: Castilla Valdés Yanelis , Soto Pérez Natacha , González Vega María Esther
Published: March 2024

El primer paso para realizar cualquier tipo de estudio genético es contar con un protocolo para el aislamiento
de ADN. Aunque el material vegetal más utilizado para ello es el tejido foliar, cuando no existe disponibilidad,
las semillas constituyen otra opción y además, durante su traslado del campo al laboratorio no se produce
degradación del ADN ni se necesita nitrógeno líquido para su conservación. Sin embargo, la extracción de
ADN a partir de semillas de algunas especies como el cafeto, resulta complicado debido a su dureza y contenido de compuestos fitoquímicos. En este trabajo nos propusimos optimizar un protocolo de extracción de
ADN de semillas de cafeto (C. canephora) para ser utilizado en análisis moleculares. Se utilizó el método
CTAB como control y tres variantes de este. La calidad del ADN se comprobó en geles de agarosa y su
concentración fue determinada en un nano-espectrofotómetro. Se realizó la amplificación del ADN por PCR
con un cebador de RAPD, y su chequeo en electroforesis. Se logró obtener ADN libre de grasas y polisacáridos,
con suficiente calidad para ser utilizado en PCR, como se demostró por la observación en gel, los valores de
concentración y relaciones de absorbancia, y la obtención de las bandas que produjo el cebador. Este protocolo
permite el acceso a la caracterización genética del cafeto, esencial para la conservación de su diversidad y
para el mejoramiento genético.
Keywords: ADN, cafeto, extracción, genética, mejoramiento, semillas
Taxonomic interpretation of non-heterocystous Cyanobacteria (Oscillatoriales) from eastern India
with particular emphasis on Lyngbya Plectonema complex
Authors: Banerjee Sreemanti , Singh Akanksha , Pal Ruma
Published: April 2024

Filamentous non-heterocystous cyanobacterial taxa from 8 genera were collected from different ecological
niches like high altitudes, plains and estuaries of eastern India. The systematic accounts of 23 taxa were investigated with a polyphasic approach considering morpho taxonomy, cultural behavior, and molecular phylogenetic analysis with 16S and 16S-23S Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) regions as molecular markers. The
collected taxa were from the families Oscillatoriaceae, Phormidiaceae and Pseudanabaenaceae with 8 representative genera viz. Lyngbya, Plectonema, Oscillatoria, Limnothrix, Leptolyngbya, Planktothrix, Desertifilum and Phormidium. The 16S-23S ITS region-based molecular characterization of 13 species from Oscillatoriaceae, 6 species from Phormidiaceae, and 4 species from Pseudanabaenaceae were found to be congruent
with earlier phylogenetic studies using other markers. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed habitat-specific
clustering of ITS sequences of the investigated taxa. The 16S molecular marker-based phylogenetic analysis,
along with cultural studies of the Lyngbya-Plectonema clade, highlighted the need for morphotaxonomic reconsideration of Lyngbya birgei and Plectonema tomasinianum related to the formation of false branching.
The present study affirmed that 98% sequence similarity in the ITS region can be considered as a threshold
percentage for conspecificity determination in the Lyngbya genus.
Keywords: Cyanobacteria; ITS; Oscillatoriaceae; Phormidiaceae; Phylogenetic tree; Pseudanabaenaceae
Estrategia de intervención educativa para el abordaje del riesgo cardiovascular en pacientes con hipertensión arterial
Authors: Rojas-Montenegro Karen , Cisneros-Cañas Gustavo , Suárez de Terán Rosario , Cajilima-Vega Ruben , Arteaga-Pazmiño Cecilia , Frias-Toral Evelyn
Published: April 2024

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of preventable death worldwide and nationally. Faced
with this problem, educational strategies are essential in preventing and managing CVD. Aim: This study
aimed to develop an academic intervention strategy to address cardiovascular risk (CVR) in patients with high
blood pressure (HTN). A quasi-experimental study was carried out in which CVR and lifestyle habits were
determined through the Globorisk and FANTASTIC Scale, respectively, before the educational intervention
and after it, in a population of 97 patients of 40 to 79 years of age with primary HTN in the period from March
to August 2021. The intervention consisted of educational strategies to promote healthy lifestyle habits and
the prescription of an individualized eating plan according to the needs of the participants. Results: After the
intervention, blood pressure control was obtained in 28.86% of the study population, body mass index decreased by 3.1%, CVR decreased by 11.34%, and healthy lifestyles improved by 9.15% (p=0.000) in all variables. Conclusions: In patients with HTN, educational interventions to promote healthy lifestyles improve
CVR factors.
Keywords: Arterial hypertension; Cardiovascular risk; Healthy lifestyles; Primary health care.
Identification of Intracranial Germ Cell Tumors Based on Facial Photos: Exploratory Study on the Use of Deep Learning for Software Development (Preprint)
Authors: Li Yanong , He Yixuan , Liu Yawei , Wang Bingchen , Li Bo , Qiu Xiaoguang
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Primary intracranial germ cell tumors (iGCTs) are highly malignant brain tumors that predominantly occur in children and adolescents, with an incidence rate ranking third among primary brain tumors in East Asia (8%-15%). Due to their insidious onset and impact on critical functional areas of the brain, these tumors often result in irreversible abnormalities in growth and development, as well as cognitive and motor impairments in affected children. Therefore, early diagnosis through advanced screening techniques is vital for improving patient outcomes and quality of life.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the application of facial recognition technology in the early detection of iGCTs in children and adolescents. Early diagnosis through advanced screening techniques is vital for improving patient outcomes and quality of life.

METHODS

A multicenter, phased approach was adopted for the development and validation of a deep learning model, GVisageNet, dedicated to the screening of midline brain tumors from normal controls (NCs) and iGCTs from other midline brain tumors. The study comprised the collection and division of datasets into training (n=847, iGCTs=358, NCs=300, other midline brain tumors=189) and testing (n=212, iGCTs=79, NCs=70, other midline brain tumors=63), with an additional independent validation dataset (n=336, iGCTs=130, NCs=100, other midline brain tumors=106) sourced from 4 medical institutions. A regression model using clinically relevant, statistically significant data was developed and combined with GVisageNet outputs to create a hybrid model. This integration sought to assess the incremental value of clinical data. The model’s predictive mechanisms were explored through correlation analyses with endocrine indicators and stratified evaluations based on the degree of hypothalamic-pituitary-target axis damage. Performance metrics included area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity.

RESULTS

On the independent validation dataset, GVisageNet achieved an AUC of 0.938 (P<.01) in distinguishing midline brain tumors from NCs. Further, GVisageNet demonstrated significant diagnostic capability in distinguishing iGCTs from the other midline brain tumors, achieving an AUC of 0.739, which is superior to the regression model alone (AUC=0.632, P<.001) but less than the hybrid model (AUC=0.789, P=.04). Significant correlations were found between the GVisageNet’s outputs and 7 endocrine indicators. Performance varied with hypothalamic-pituitary-target axis damage, indicating a further understanding of the working mechanism of GVisageNet.

CONCLUSIONS

GVisageNet, capable of high accuracy both independently and with clinical data, shows substantial potential for early iGCTs detection, highlighting the importance of combining deep learning with clinical insights for personalized health care.
Exploring the impact of the multimodal CAPABLE eHealth intervention on health-related quality of life in melanoma patients undergoing immune-checkpoint inhibition: A prospective pilot study (Preprint)
Authors: Fraterman Itske , Sacchi Lucia , Mallo Henk , Tibollo Valentina , Glaser Savannah Lucia Catherina , Medlock Stephanie , Cornet Ronald , Gabetta Matteo , Hisko Vitali , Khodakou Vadzim , Barkan Ella , Del Campo Laura , Glasspool David , Kogan Alexandra , Lanzola Giordano , Leizer Roy , Ottaviano Manuel , Peleg Mor , Śniatała Konrad , Lisowska Aneta , Wilk Szymon , Parimbelli Enea , Quaglini Silvana , Rizzo Mimma , Locati Laura Deborah , Boekhout Annelies , van de Poll-Franse Lonneke V , Wilgenhof Sofie
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Patients with melanoma receiving immunotherapy with immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) often experience immune-related adverse events (AEs), cancer-related fatigue and emotional distress, affecting health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and clinical outcome to immunotherapy. EHealth tools can aid cancer patients in addressing issues such as AEs and psychosocial well-being from various perspectives.

OBJECTIVE

We explored the effect and feasibility of the CAPABLE system, accessed via a mobile application, on HRQoL compared to a matched historical control group receiving standard care. CAPABLE is an extensively tested eHealth application, including educational material, remote symptom monitoring, and well-being interventions.

METHODS

This prospective pilot study compared an exploratory cohort that received the CAPABLE smartphone app and a multisensory smartwatch for 6 months (intervention) to a 2:1 individually matched historical prospective control group. HRQoL data was measured with the EORTC QLQ-C30 at baseline (T0), 3 (T1), and 6 months (T2) after start of treatment. Mixed effects linear regression models were used to compare HRQoL between the two groups over time.

RESULTS

From eligible patients (n=59) for the CAPABLE intervention, 31 (53%) signed informed consent to participate. Intervention and control group were equally balanced on baseline and clinical characteristics. Baseline HRQoL was on average 10 points higher in the intervention group. When correcting for sex, age, disease stage, and baseline scores, we observed no significant nor clinically relevant adjusted differences on HRQoL over time. However, information satisfaction was significantly higher in the CAPABLE group.

CONCLUSIONS

The intervention showed no effect on HRQoL, although there was a small improvement in fatigue at 3 months, as well as information satisfaction. A low participation rate and ceiling effects due to substantially higher baseline HRQoL in the intervention group may have limited the detectable effect. When aiming at personalized patient and survivorship care, further optimization and prospective investigation of eHealth tools is warranted.

CLINICALTRIAL

NCT05827289

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/49252
Gender and Sexuality Awareness in Medical Education and Practice: Mixed Methods Study (Preprint)
Authors: Khamisy-Farah Rola , Biras Eden , Shehadeh Rabie , Tuma Ruba , Atwan Hisham , Siri Anna , Converti Manlio , Chirico Francesco , Szarpak Łukasz , Biz Carlo , Farah Raymond , Bragazzi Nicola
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

The integration of gender and sexuality awareness in health care is increasingly recognized as vital for patient outcomes. Despite this, there is a notable lack of comprehensive data on the current state of physicians’ training and perceptions in these areas, leading to a gap in targeted educational interventions and optimal health care delivery.

OBJECTIVE

The study’s aim was to explore the experiences and perceptions of attending and resident physicians regarding the inclusion of gender and sexuality content in medical school curricula and professional practice in Israel.

METHODS

This cross-sectional survey targeted a diverse group of physicians across various specializations and experience levels. Distributed through Israeli Medical Associations and professional networks, it included sections on experiences with gender and sexuality content, perceptions of knowledge, the impact of medical school curricula on professional capabilities, and views on integrating gender medicine in medical education. Descriptive and correlational analyses, along with gender-based and medical status-based comparisons, were used, complemented, and enhanced by qualitative analysis of participants’ replies.

RESULTS

The survey, encompassing 189 respondents, revealed low-to-moderate exposure to gender and sexuality content in medical school curricula, with a similar perception of preparedness. A need for more comprehensive training was widely recognized. The majority valued training in these areas for enhancing professional capabilities, identifying 10 essential gender-related knowledge areas. The preference for integrating gender medicine throughout medical education was significant. Gender-based analysis indicated variations in exposure and perceptions.

CONCLUSIONS

The study highlights a crucial need for the inclusion of gender and sexuality awareness in medical education and practice. It suggests the necessity for curriculum development, targeted training programs, policy advocacy, mentorship initiatives, and research to evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions. The findings serve as a foundation for future directions in medical education, aiming for a more inclusive, aware, and prepared medical workforce.
IR and the Global South: Revising Obstacles to a Global Discipline
Authors: Oztig Lacin Idil
Published: April 2024

The IR discipline is marked by a strong center-periphery inequality that is perpetuated through theories, methodologies, and concepts produced in the Global North that do not adequately capture the diverse experiences of Global South states and societies. In tandem with growing critiques of Western-centrism and calls for global IR, the discipline has now become more heterogeneous and inclusive, and IR scholars are more attentive to the global IR debate than ever before.  Yet, the discipline has not become truly global, as many Global South scholars are absent from the major debates in the field and there are still sharp geographic differences with respect to IR knowledge production. Even though Global South countries have enormous potential to enrich and globalize IR with their history, political thinkers, and religious and philosophical traditions, this potential remains largely untapped. While Global South scholars develop alternative perspectives and engage in theorizing practices, these efforts have not yet been embodied in the form of an IR theory that provides alternative explanations of world politics. Equally important, these perspectives are not echoed in much of the mainstream accounts in IR.  This study contributes to the global IR debate by problematizing the dynamics behind the insufficient development and representation of Global South IR theories and perspectives in the discipline. After delving into entrenched Western-centrism and the asymmetries of knowledge production in the discipline, the present study puts into spotlight the intellectual and material barriers that feed off each other and perpetuate the inequalities in IR knowledge production.
A comprehensive study of potential Arthrospira platensis cultivated in various manure‐based media for biodiesel feedstock
Authors: Rusydi Rachmawati , Ayuzar Eva , Muliani Muliani , Saifuddin Saifuddin
Published: April 2024

Arthrospira platensis has emerged as a promising biodiesel feedstock due to its rapid growth and substantial biomass. In efforts to reduce production costs, researchers have explored alternative media derived from livestock waste to modify conventional mediums for Arthrospira platensis cultivation. The experimental design of this research employed a Completely Randomized Design, with treatments comprising inorganic fertilizer (A), chicken manure (B), cow manure (C), and goat manure (D). The livestock manures were macerated for seven days before being utilized as A. platensis medium. The results revealed significant (p < 0.05) impacts of different media on peak growth values and biomass production, reaching 2.03 ± 0.06 g/L and 1.76 ± 0.05 g/ L, respectively for chicken manure. The highest peak lipid content was observed in A. platensis cultured in goat manure medium. This study recommends goat manure as the preferred medium for mass cultivation of A. platensis. Mass cultivation in goat manure medium yielded 1.53 kg of dried biomass, with a lipid content of 1.91% and a biodiesel yield of 1.65%. The predominant fatty acid in this biodiesel was heneicosane, constituting 26.4% of the total area.
Decentralized Finance (DeFi) and Traditional Banking: A Convergence or Collision
Authors: Muhammad Abdulgaffar , Ishaq Aisha Ahmad , Mike Micah Ezekiel Elton , Ibitomi Taiwo , Ishaq Nura Ahmad , Isyaku Maryam
Published: April 2024

The intricate interplay between the realm of Decentralized Finance (DeFi) and the well-established domain of traditional banking constitutes a captivating narrative of convergence, divergence, and potential collaboration. This paper embarks on a comprehensive exploration of the multifaceted interactions between these two financial landscapes, seeking to decipher whether they are destined for convergence or if their collision is inevitable. Decentralized Finance, or DeFi, represents a paradigm shift in the financial sector. Empowered by blockchain technology and smart contracts, DeFi platforms offer innovative solutions for lending, borrowing, trading, and more. Meanwhile, traditional banking, with its longstanding institutional framework, has served as the cornerstone of financial services. However, the emergence of DeFi has challenged the established norms, questioning the necessity of intermediaries and centralization. The convergence hypothesis suggests a future where DeFi and traditional banking coalesce, fusing the innovation and accessibility of DeFi with the stability and regulatory oversight of traditional banking. This path envisions traditional financial institutions adopting DeFi technologies to streamline operations and enhance efficiency, ultimately benefiting consumers with faster, cheaper, and more inclusive services. Conversely, the collision theory posits that the inherent differences between DeFi and traditional banking—decentralization vs. centralization, innovation vs. regulation—will lead to clashes that hinder harmonious integration. Regulatory challenges, legal uncertainties surrounding smart contracts, and the potential for market disruptions loom as potential roadblocks to a seamless union. Amid these dynamics, the concept of a symbiotic relationship emerges—a scenario where DeFi and traditional banking coexist while maintaining their distinct attributes. This balance allows for innovation to thrive within the parameters of regulatory compliance, offering consumers a spectrum of financial services catering to diverse preferences. In conclusion, the relationship between DeFi and traditional banking is neither singularly convergent nor inevitably divergent. Rather, it navigates a spectrum of possibilities, shaped by regulatory developments, technological advancements, and market demands. As the financial landscape continues to evolve, this exploration aims to shed light on the potential trajectories of these two worlds and the nuanced interactions that will shape the future of finance.
НАБЛЮДЕНИЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ МОРФОЛОГИИ ПЛЕНОК ВЫСОКОТЕМПЕРАТУРНЫХ МЕТАЛЛОВ В СКАНИРУЮЩЕМ ЗОНДОВОМ МИКРОСКОПЕ ПРИ ПРОГРЕВЕ В УСЛОВИЯХ ОТКРЫТОГО КОСМОСА
Authors: Логинов Б.А. , Хрипунов Ю.В. , Щербина М.А. , Вьюник А.О. , Дмитриева В.Д. , Дьякова А.А. , Лебедева М.К. , Макеев В.С. , Первых А.Р. , Шевченко Д.С. , Ханин С.Д.
Published: April 2024

Наблюдены закономерности изменения морфологии поверхности покрытий из высокотемпературных металлов, которые в качестве защитных покрытий могут наноситься на конструкции космических аппаратов, посылаемых ближе к Солнцу. Показано, что пленки при этом становятся менее рыхлыми, а мелкие зерна этих пленок увеличиваются по размеру, как бы растекаясь по поверхности и перестраиваясь в более крупные образования.
Drug Response Prediction Using XGBOOST
Authors: Senthil P.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: An essential issue in computational personalised medicine is the prediction of drug responses. There have been several proposals for approaches to this problem that rely on machine learning, particularly deep learning. Nevertheless, these approaches often portray the medications as strings, an implausible representation of molecules. Furthermore, there has been a lack of comprehensive consideration of interpretation, such as whether mutations or copy number aberrations contribute to the medication response. Graph DRP, a new approach based on graph convolution networks, is suggested as a solution to the issue in this research. Cell lines were displayed as double vectors of genetic abnormalities in Graph DRP, whereas medications were shown as sub-atomic chartsthat straightforwardly caught the bonds among particles.
Tourist Guide Robot
Authors: Pillay Merwyn
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Recently, robots have entered the Tourist request. However, due to the ocean between inventors and guests, the power train for commercialising the robots has yet to be prepared. therefore, In this study, we provide a tool for u-intelligent tourist robots that allows guests to build robot contents fluently. To accomplish this, our tool has a number of functions. First, the tool is built on a gesture-based control armature for human-robot trade. Second, the programme includes geste orders for convenience. Eventually, robot content is based on marketable multimedia to compete with established tourism material. Physical execution of marketable tourist robots validates the effectiveness and usefulness of our tools.
Fruit Scan - Disease Identification in Fruits Using Image Processing
Authors: Chaudhari Tejas
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The agricultural industry plays a crucial role in sustaining global food security, and the health of fruit crops is paramount in ensuring a steady food supply. Fruit diseases pose a significant threat to crop yield and quality, making their early detection and management essential. In recent years, the integration of technology and artificial intelligence has transformed fruit disease detection, offering more accurate and efficient solutions. This abstract provides an overview of the techniques and challenges associated with fruit disease detection. This review highlights various methodologies employed in fruit disease detection, including computer vision, machine learning, and sensor-based approaches. Computer vision, powered by deep learning algorithms, has enabled the automated identification of disease symptoms based on image analysis. Machine learning models, such as neural networks and support vector machines, have been deployed to classify disease types, predict disease severity, and assist in decision-making for disease management. Sensor-based techniques, like hyperspectral imaging and electronic nose systems, offer non-invasive and real-time monitoring of fruit health. Despite the progress in fruit disease detection techniques, several challenges persist. These include data acquisition and labelling, the need for robust and transferable models, scalability, and the integration of multiple technologies. Furthermore, the deployment of these technologies in the field may require addressing issues related to resource constraints, infrastructure, and the digital divide in agricultural communities
Bluetrap: A Bluetooth Penetration Testing Tool for Security Assessment
Authors: Karthikeya Kallapu
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Bluetooth technology is everywhere, connecting devices for easy communication. But there are security dangers associated with this ease. Bluetrap is a strong framework to help security experts tackle Bluetooth vulnerabilities. This paper explores Bluetrap's many features for thorough testing. It includes easy device discovery, simulated attacks to find weaknesses, extracting important data like messages and contacts, detailed service checks, and smart file transfers. Using Bluetrap, security experts can understand Bluetooth systems deeply, find weaknesses, and boost overall security. The study emphasizes how crucial it is to do ethical testing and obtain consent before utilizing Bluetrap on any kind of gadget. In summary, Bluetrap provides a powerful tool for securing Bluetooth connections, ensuring safer communication in our interconnected world.
Pengaruh kesepian terhadap presentasi diri online pada dewasa awal pengguna instagram
Authors: Assyfikqi Rahardian Puji , Prasetyaningrum Susanti , Hijrianti Udi Rosida
Published: April 2024

Emerging adulthood can show self-expression and communicate with others via Instagram, especially by sharing photos and videos. When presenting themselves on the internet, individuals must have the ability to create a good impression virtually. A survey conducted by the Mental Health Foundation shows that people aged 18 to 34 experience loneliness more often because the expected need for intimacy from close people is not met, a gap is created between expectations and the reality of formed social relationships, and a lack of satisfaction from social relationships which exists. The aim of this research is to determine the influence of loneliness on online self-presentation in early adult Instagram users. The research method used was quantitative with single regression analysis, and to distribute the research sample using convenience sampling techniques to obtain 162 respondents who had the criteria of being 18-27 years old, actively using Instagram. The instrument used refers to the theory of loneliness and online self-presentation, and produces a significance value of 0,001 (p<0,05) which can be explained if the hypothesis that there is an influence of loneliness on online self-presentation is accepted with an effective contribution of 7,9%.
The role of State Official Wealth Report in realizing the principles of Maqashid Sharia
Authors: Nuryanto Ahmad Dwi , Jaelani Abdul Kadir
Published: April 2024

This research aims to examine and analyze problems related to the implementation of maqasid sharia principles in effective reporting of state administrators' assets in Indonesia and to look for factors causing the ineffectiveness of legal instruments for reporting state administrators' assets in realizing the general principles of government in Indonesia. This research employed a normative legal method, with its prescriptive and applied nature. The research results show that, first, the implementation of maqasid sharia principles in reporting the assets of state administrators is in line with Hifz al-din (maintaining religion), Hifz an-nafs (maintaining the soul), Hifz al-aql (maintaining reason), Hifz an-nasl (maintaining offspring), and Hifz al-mal (maintaining assets); however, the challenge of implementing the principles of maqasid sharia in regulating the reporting of state administrators' assets requires a strong commitment from legal institutions, government, and society. Second, the factor causing the ineffectiveness of the legal instrument for reporting state administrators' assets still needs to be a more vital law enforcement factor. This can be seen in the LHKPN reporting instrument, which is the responsibility of the Corruption Eradication Commission. To deal with these problems, a legal instrument for reporting state administrators' assets is needed to embody the General Principles of Good Governance in Indonesia based on eight principles that the law must fulfil as a basis for forming reasonable regulations.
A Study on the Effectiveness of Early Childhood Education Department K-project Subjects Using Flipped Learning: Focusing on Career Motivation, Career Preparation Behaviors, and Career Adaptability
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Jo Hyeyoung
Published: April 2024

Objectives The purpose of this study is to find out the effectiveness of early childhood education department K-project subjects using flipped learning, focusing on career motivation, career preparation behaviors, and career adaptability.
Methods For this, SPSS 25.0 was used to verify the statistical significance between pre-average score and post-average score of career motivation, career preparation behaviors, career adaptation for 40 early childhood department students who took the K-project course at A university in Chungcheong-do. The tendency (M, SD) and normality (skewness, kurtosis) of study variables were analyzed, and reliability was presented as Cronbach's alpha. As this study was analyzed by verifying the difference between the pre-average score and the post-average score, it was confirmed in the 95% confidence interval by the corresponding sample T-test, which is a paired sample verification.
Results These are the main findings. First, as the result of analyzing the descriptive statistics for each measurement variables, it satisfied the normality, and the post-average score had improved, compared to the pre-average score. Second, the effects of early childhood education department K-project subjects using flipped learning on career motivation, career preparation behaviors, and career adaptability were found to be statistically significant. In other words, considering that the post-average score had improved statistically significantly compared to the pre-average score, it can be interpreted that the effectiveness of this subject has been verified.
Conclusions As the results of this study, it is meaningful in that it confirms the importance of the K-project subject for pre-service early childhood teachers and provides basic data for refluxing the curriculum of this subject. Based on these research results, I would like to suggest specific ways for pre-service early childhood teachers to explore, plan, and practice their careers through the K-project curriculum.
Investigating Students' Intentions to Use Generative AI in College Assignments: A Moderated Mediation Analysis of Perceived Unfairness and Detection Possibility
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Choi Sungwon
Published: April 2024

Objectives Drawn from the theory of planned behavior (TPB), this study aims to examine the students’ attitudes and behaviors regarding the acceptance and use of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in college assignments.
Methods A survey with 193 students from a South Korean university was conducted with both qualitative and quantitative methods. In terms of the qualitative method, a thematic analysis was conducted. For quantitative method, a moderated mediation model with path analysis was tested using Mplus software.
Results The quantitative analysis revealed that students perceiving high unfairness in generative AI and those anticipating a high possibility of detection in generative AI assignments were more inclined to express lower acceptance of generative AI. Furthermore, the relationship between perceived unfairness and AI acceptance was moderated by the perception of detection possibility. A heightened possibility of detection strengthened the negative association between perceived unfairness and AI acceptance. The study also found that the acceptance of generative AI significantly increase the actual behavior of employing this technology for assignments. The qualitative analysis of open-ended questions demonstrated that students generally exhibited positive receiving attitudes to generative AI, but they also recognized potential side effects and acknowledged the need for academic regulations. Additionally, students noted shortcomings in the credibility and practicality of current generative AI technology.
Conclusions This research is one of the first attempts that tackled students' motivation towards AI and provides the educational implications for use of AI in pedagogical purposes.
The operation and effectiveness of career courses that compromise lectures and reflection-focused activities based on career constructivism for college students
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Kang Hye Jeong
Published: April 2024

Objectives The purposes of this study were to to operate and verify its effectiveness career courses that compromise lectures and reflection-focused activities based on career constructivism for college students.
Methods To this end, two career courses consisting of six weeks of lecture-style classes and six weeks of various reflection-focused activities based on career constructivism were devised and operated. 78 students responded to both pre- and post-test, and agreed to provide research data. A paired t-test was conducted on the data of 78 students.
Results As a result, two career courses was found to promote significantly the level of career decision-making, the overall human agency and sub-factors of human agency-intentionality, forethought, self-response, and self-reflection. According to the change in the level of career decision-making, it was divided into ‘regressive group’, ‘maintained group’, and ‘improved group’. In the three groups, the difference between gender and grade was not significant, and the difference between human agencies was significant.
Conclusions Career courses that compromise lectures and reflection-focused activities based on career constructivism for college students were found to be effective in improving their career decision-making level and human agency.
Exploring the perception of early childhood teachers’ practice of play-centered curriculum: Using photovoice
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Lee Ji-eun , Kim Young-suk
Published: April 2024

Objectives This study aims to explore the awareness of infant teachers regarding play-centered curriculum practices, based on the emphasis on ‘a play-centered curriculum’ in the 4th Standard Childcare Curriculum.
Methods To achieve this, the Photovoice research method was implemented with 10 lead teachers in infant classes from childcare centers in the G region of Gyeongsangbuk-do. The participants utilized photos they captured themselves to collect research data, engaging in discussions and expressing their voices. The collected data underwent analysis procedures of selection, contextualization, and categorization.
Results Subcategories of infant teachers' awareness of play-centered curriculum practices emerged through this study, including play as a way of life, positive emotions from play, characteristics of play, new possibilities and opportunities, change for growth, teacher interactions, and collaboration with parents. These were categorized as play-centered curricula shaping the child's past and present, vibrant play-centered curricula fostering the child's uniqueness, and resonant communication-driven play-centered curricula.
Conclusions Based on these findings, it is significant to highlight that play-centered curriculum practices contribute to supporting the growth and development of infants, emphasizing the importance of collaboration between teachers and parents in enhancing their effectiveness.
Exploring Capstone Design Class Experience of College Students
Authors:   Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction, Park SunMi
Published: April 2024

Objectives The purpose of this study is to explore the meaning of college students' experiences in capstone design classes.
Methods A case study using in-depth interviews was conducted with 7 college students enrolled in a two-year university located in the metropolitan area. Participants in the study were students in the fourth semester of the last semester of graduation, which is a requirement to take a capstone design course, and participated in a capstone design class for 3 hours a week for 15 weeks. Efforts were made to increase the validity and reliability through triangular verification and research participant confirmation process through research interview records.
Results The meaning of the college student's capstone design class experience is, first, a venue for acquiring opportunities to improve understanding of major subjects and improve practical skills. Second, an opportunity to re-establish awareness of work-human relationships. Third, it turned out that they met themselves who grew up in the stage of improving their creative problem-solving skills and voluntarily producing knowledge.
Conclusions It is believed that it will be meaningful to understand capstone design classes in the future and use them as basic data for systematic capstone design classes to strengthen students' practical skills.