bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Proinflammatory Potential of Nitrogen Dioxide and Its Influence on the House Dust Mite Allergen Der p 1
Authors: Koehler Christian , Paulus Michael , Ginzkey Christian , Hackenberg Stephan , Scherzad Agmal , Ickrath Pascal , Hagen Rudolf , Kleinsasser Norbert
Published: November 2016

Asthma and allergies are both major global health problems with an increasing prevalence, and environmental data implicate an influence of air pollutants on their development. The present study focuses on the influence of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and the major allergen of the house dust mite Der p 1 on human nasal epithelial cells of nonallergic patients in vitro. Nasal epithelial mucosa samples of 11 donors were harvested during nasal air passage surgery and cultured as an air-liquid interface. Exposure to 0.1, 1 and 10 ppm NO2 or synthetic air as a control was performed for 1 h. Subsequently, the cells were exposed to Der p 1 for 24 h. The release of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 was measured by ELISA, and the production of IL-6 mRNA and IL-8 mRNA was measured by RT-PCR. NO2 exposure resulted in a concentration-dependent release of IL-6, but not IL-8 release. The coexposure of 0.1 ppm NO2 and Der p 1, or 1 ppm NO2 and Der p 1 significantly increased both IL-6 and IL-8 release. Exposure to NO2, Der p 1, or their combination, did not significantly influence the production of IL-6 or IL-8 mRNA. In conclusion, NO2 increases the release of inflammatory cytokines in human nasal epithelial cells, especially in coexposure with Der p 1, as a mechanism of allergotoxicology.
Conjunctival Melanoma during Pregnancy
Authors: Al-Jamal Rana''a T. , Mudhar Hardeep Singh , Currie Zanna , Rennie Ian G. , Salvi Sachin M.
Published: November 2016

Purpose: To describe the clinical and histopathological features of a conjunctival melanoma (CM) during early pregnancy. Procedures: A 37-year-old, 20-week pregnant primigravida was referred to the Sheffield Ocular Oncology Service with a rapidly growing lesion arising from the right superior conjunctival fornix, noted from the first trimester of pregnancy. This was associated with pain and bloody discharge. Incisional biopsy confirmed the clinical suspicion of invasive CM. She was treated by primary surgical excision and cryotherapy under local anaesthesia. Results: Histology of the excised specimen showed an invasive malignant melanoma with surrounding in situ conjunctival changes arising from a naevus. The melanoma was 10.5 mm thick, focally necrotic, and had a mitotic count of 11/mm2 focally. The patient responded well to surgical treatment. She gave birth to a healthy boy, and the placenta showed no evidence of metastatic melanoma. There has been no recurrence or distant metastasis during 5 years of follow-up. Conclusion: CM during pregnancy is extremely rare. Because of possible transformation to malignant melanoma, we recommend close monitoring of females known to have pigmented conjunctival lesions of the conjunctiva during pregnancy.
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia as a Complication of Nivolumab Therapy
Authors: Palla Amruth R. , Kennedy Devin , Mosharraf Hossain , Doll Donald
Published: November 2016

Recently, immunotherapeutic drugs, including PD-1 inhibitors (nivolumab, pembrolizumab), PD-L1 inhibitors (atezolizumab, avelumab), and CTLA4 inhibitors (ipiliumumab), have emerged as important additions to the armamentarium against certain malignancies and have been incorporated into therapeutic protocols for first-, second-, or third-line agents for these metastatic cancers. Immune checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab is currently FDA approved for the treatment of patients with metastatic malignant melanoma [Redman et al.: BMC Med 2016;14: 20], metastatic non-small cell lung cancer [Guibert and Mazières: Expert Opin Biol Ther 2015;15: 1789–1797], metastatic renal cell cancer [Farolfi et al.: Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2016;12: 1089–1096], and relapsed or refractory classic Hodgkin’s lymphoma [Villasboas and Ansell: Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2016;16: 5–12]. Given the current and increasing indications for these drugs, it is essential for all physicians to become well versed with their common adverse effects and to be observant for other less documented clinical conditions that could be unmasked with the use of such medications. A definite association between autoimmune hemolytic anemia and the immune checkpoint inhibitor nivolumab has not been clearly documented, although a few cases have been reported recently [Kong et al.: Melanoma Res 2016;26: 202–204; Schwab et al.: Case Rep Oncol 2016;9: 373–378; Tardy et al.: Hematol Oncol 2016, DOI: 10.1002/hon.2338]. We report a case of fatal autoimmune hemolytic anemia refractory to steroids in a patient treated with nivolumab for metastatic lung cancer, and reflect on the other reported cases of autoimmune hemolytic anemia after the use of nivolumab.
Performance Analysis of SMES Integrated with Offshore Wind Farms to Power Systems through MT-HVDC
Authors: A. Badr Mohammed , M. Atallah Ahmed , A. Bayoumi Mona
Published: November 2016

With the increase in the development of offshore wind farm (OWF) around the world, this paper describes OWF consisting of permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) wind turbines connected to Active network (AC grid) and Passive network (loads) through Multi Terminal High voltage direct current(MT-HVDC) transmission system. This paper discusses the effect of using a Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) unit in a hybrid power system that contains OWF. In this paper, we have aggregated 300 wind turbines of 1.5 MW PMSG using an aggregation technique (multi full aggregated model using equivalent wind speed (MFAM_EWS)). Furthermore, we have used a detector to detect any tripping of any wind turbine and substitute the shortage of power due to this loss of wind turbines immediately through SMES. The Active network in this paper should have a minimum of 150 MW power to be supplied by controlling the SMES unit (absorbing or providing power according to the system requirement). Simulation has been carried out by MATLAB/Simulink program to test the effectiveness of the SMES unit during tripping some of the wind turbines, fluctuation in wind speeds, load change and voltage dips. 
FOPID Controller Based AC Pump Supplied from PV Standalone Source Tuned using Fuzzy Logic Type 2
Authors: Mahmoud Ismail Mohamed , Fahmy Bendary Ahmed
Published: November 2016

This paper presents 500 KW three phase standalone photovoltaic systems supplying pumping station consist of four pumps 80 KW rating. The system utilizes a two stage energy conversion power conditioning unit topology composed of a DC-DC boost converter and three level-three phase voltage source inverter (VSI). The Boost converter in this paper is designed to operate in continuous mode and controlled for maximum power point tracking (MPPT). In this paper, the performance of the pumps is improved by adapting the controller of MPPT using different techniques. The system is modeled and studied using MATLAB/Simulink.
The Peak of the PQRST and the Trajectory Path of Each Cycle of the ECG 12-Lead Wave
Authors: Setiawidayat Sabar , Sargowo Djanggan , P. Sakti Setyawan , Andarini Sri
Published: November 2016

The objective of this present article is to describe the record of the ECG 12-lead examination in order to obtain the peaks of the P, Q, R, S and T from each cycle and also to present the Peak of the PQRST and the trajectory path of each cycle of the ECG 12- lead wave. The duration of the peak R to another is used as the period  of each cycle, while the Phytagoras theorem is employed to count the trajectory path of the wave in each step. The Peak PQRST is utilized to diagnose the  heart condition, and the trajectory path  is the distance taken up by the impulses in the heart muscles. The discrete data from the MIT-BIH and the results of the measurement itself are employed as the data to obtain the values of the peak PQRST and the trajectory path of the wave of each cycle.
The Development of Digital Library User Interface by Using Responsive Web Design and User Experience
Authors: Sasongko Dimas , Ferdiana Ridi , Hartanto Rudy
Published: November 2016

The digital library has the purpose of providing services to the user, therefore, user experience factor and adjusting the display device diversity becomes the main thing to consider in building a digital library. The digital library is visited by many users because it provides a lot of information so that the existing content should be accessible anywhere, anytime and using a variety of devices. This research focuses on the design of digital library interface that adapts to the user experience and a variety of devices. The method used in this study is testing the user experience for the evaluation of digital library interface and Responsive Web Design for the development of digital library interface. The confidence interval is used as the analysis of the test data. Implementation of the user experience and Responsive Web Design in the digital library interface design proposals can improve the estimated percentage of success and task time users.
The User Satisfaction Perspectives of the Information System Projects
Authors: Subiyakto A’ang Subiyakto , Rahman Ahlan Abd. Rahman Ahlan , Kartiwi Mira , Jaya Putra Syopiansyah , Durachman Yusuf
Published: November 2016

It is inevitable that information system (IS) has been the essential role in the management and academic functions of the higher education institutions (HEIs) in developing countries, like Indonesia. In this country, despite the IS project developments have been performed since 1980s, but its performances tended still low. The efforts have been performed for responding this issue, but the studies have been remained in limited number. Accordingly, this study was carried out to know what factors that influence the satisfactions, in respect of its significant effects towards the project performances. The internal stakeholders were the population, which was sampled using the purpose random sampling. The 52 (87%) paper based data and the 61 (9%) online ones were then used in the data analysis stage with the partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) method. The results revealed that, besides the system and service qualities directly affected the endogenous variable, the institutional contexts also indirectly influenced the variable. The study remained limitations, but its findings may theoretically and practically contributes towards the user satisfaction measurement, especially from the perspectives of the Islamic HEIs in Indonesia.
Simulation and Implementation of Multiple Unipolar Stepper Motor Position Control in the Three Stepping Modes using Microcontroller
Authors: Y. Yousef Ayman , H. Mostafa M.
Published: November 2016

This paper presents a multiple unipolar stepper motor position control system using microcontroller (MCU) in anticlockwise and clockwise directions. The open loop controller of the implemented position control system for the three stepping modes of operation has been designed and developed with three stepper motors and without position feedback. The MCU is programmed using flowcode software package to generate the pulse signals with the desired stepping sequences and step angles. These pulse signals are necessary to drive the three stepper motors in the three drive modes (wave-step, full-step, and Half-step) according to the control algorithm. Three devices of 8 Channel Darlington Driver (chip ULN2803) are used to drive the three stepper motors and provide them with the sufficient current. The position control system has been simulated using proteus design suite software package and the controller has been implemented using low cost PIC16F877A (MCU). A reliable and accurate position control of the stepper motor is achieved by this position control system. 
Design of MPC for Superheated Steam Temperature Control in a Coal-fired Thermal Power Plant
Authors: Yasmine Begum A. , V. Marutheeswar G.
Published: November 2016

A superheater is a vital part of the steam generation process in the boiler-turbine system. Reliable control of temperature in the superheated steam temperature system is essential to guarantee efficiency and high load-following capability in the operation of coal-fired Thermal power plant. The PI and PID controllers are extensively used in cascade control of secondary superheated steam temperature process.The design and implementation of a Model Predictive Control (MPC) strategy for the superheated steam temperature regulation in a thermal power plant is presented. A FOPTD model  is derived from  the dynamic model of the superheater. This model is required by the MPC algorithm to calculate the future control inputs. A new MPC controller is designed and its performance is tested through simulation studies. Compared with the superheater steam temperature control using a conventional PID controller, the steam temperature controlled by the MPC controller is found to be more stable. The stable steam temperature leads to energy saving and efficient plant operation, as verified by the simulation results. 
Spatio-Temporal Typology of Land and Forest Fire in Sumatra
Authors: Albar Israr , Nengah Surati Jaya I. , Hero Saharjo Bambang , Kuncahyo Budi
Published: November 2016

The characteristic of land and forest fires occurred in Indonesia are varied widely, following the variation of time within a year and geographic location. This paper describes how the spatio-temporal of forest and land fire typology was developed. The main objective of this study was to develop a spatio-temporal typology of forest and land fire by considering several key indicators that directly related to the density of active fire occurrence, such as percentage of forest area (x1), population density (x2), ratio of forest area to population (x3), ratio of plantation area to population (x4), ratio of agriculture area to population (x5), GRDP (x6), population growth (x7), deforestation growth (x8), plantation growth (x9) and dry agriculture growth (x10) as well as  MODIS-based fire hotspot. The typology analysis was performed using clustering techniques with Euclidean distance dissimilarity measure, where the grouping process was drawn with single linkage method. The temporal analysis showed that the highest occurrence of the fire hotspot was mainly found in the third quarter. It was found that the forest and land fire typology could be developed into three classes using variables x6 and x7 with overall accuracy of 78.15% or x1-x6-x7 with overall accuracy of 78.8%.  No accuracy improvement was obtained when the typology was developed using five variables x1-x3-x4-x6-x7.
Optimization of Discrete Cosine Transform-Based Image Watermarking by Genetics Algorithm
Authors: Iwut Iwan , Budiman Gelar , Novamizanti Ledya
Published: November 2016

data in an image file is needed by its owner to set his ownership in a logo as a watermark embedded in the image file. Hiding the logo in the image was done in several methods. One of the method is domain transform using 2D-DCT in which data is embedded in  frequency domain of the image. First, the host RGB image is converted to certain color space. The available and chosen color spaces are RGB, YCbCr or NTSC. The layer in which the watermark is embedded also can be selected. The available choices are 1st layer, 2nd layer, 3rd layer, 1st & 2nd layer, 2nd & 3rd  layer, 1st & 3rd layer and all layers.  After the selected layer of image in certain color space is transformed in block based to frequency domain by DCT, one bit watermark is embedded on the AC coefficient of each block such a way that the bit is represented by specific value called delta in a zigzag and vary length of pixel. The vary parameters optimized by Genetics Algorithm are  selected color space, selected layer, block size, length of pixel to be embedded by one bit watermark, and delta. Bit “1” is represented by +delta, and bit “0” is represented by –delta in vary length of pixel after zigzag. The simulation result performs that GA is useful to search the value of parameter that produces controllable the combination between robustness, invisibility and capacity. Thus, GA improves the  method by determining the exact value of parameter achieving BER, PSNR and payload.  
Puya cahuachensis (Bromeliaceae, Puyopsis), a new species from Southern Peru
Authors: GALÁN DE MERA ANTONIO , MONTOYA JUAN , ORELLANA JOSÉ A. VICENTE , PEREA ELIANA LINARES
Published: November 2016

A new species, Puya cahuachensis, is described and illustrated. It can be distinguished from its closely related species P. weberbaueri by the longer leaves with retrorse brown spines, erect peduncles, a lax inflorescence with long subcylindrical spirally arranged branches exceeding primary bracts, an inflorescence with a soft white woolly pubescence that does not fully mask the greyish colour of the rachis, and greenish bracts and sepals at anthesis.
Cave species of the genus Anurida (Collembola: Neanuridae) from Korea, with the description of new species
Authors: LEE INAE , PARK KYUNG-HWA
Published: November 2016

Three troglobiontic species of Anurida Laboulbène, i.e. A. troglodyta sp. nov., A. decipiens Yosii, 1966, and A. plurichaetotica Yosii, 1966, were found in limestone caves of Korea during recent investigation. The new species, A. troglodyta sp. nov., is characterized by morel-like PAO having more than 100 vesicles and by having 16–17 sensilla on antennal segment IV. It is most similar to A. plurichaetotica, A. okamotoi Yosii, 1970, and A. irieti Yosii, 1970 also possessing several macrochaetae on dorsal side of a head, but can easily be distinguished by characteristic PAO and the absence of macrochaetae in p1-position on abdominal tergum V. A. decipiens is redescribed based on new material from the cave of the types’ origin.
A new species of eriophyoid mite (Acari: Trombidiformes: Eriophyoidea) on Chaenomeles x superba (Frahm) Rehder (Rosaceae)
Authors: SOIKA GRAŻYNA , WOZIŃSKA ANNA
Published: November 2016

A new species, Epitrimerus chaenomeli n. sp., is described and illustrated in this paper. The description is based on the morphology of protogynes, deutogynes and nymphs. This new species was recorded on Chaenomeles x superba (Frahm) Rehder and its cultivar Crimson and Gold (Rosaceae) which have not previously been noted as a host for eriophyoid mites. Mites of this species caused slight rusting on the under-surfaces of infested leaf blades. In addition, a list of all known species of Epitrimerus found on Rosaceae is also provided.
Morphological differences between Stenocionops furcatus (Olivier, 1791) and S. coelatus (A. Milne-Edwards, 1878) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura, Majoidea)
Authors: COLAVITE JESSICA , SANTANA WILLIAM , TAVARES MARCOS
Published: November 2016

Stenocionops furcatus (Olivier, 1791) and S. coelatus (A. Milne-Edwards, 1878) have been treated either as subspecies or as species in their own right, but never as each other's synonyms. Compared to S. coelatus, S. furcatus has been regarded as having smoother dorsal surface carapace, shorter rostral spines, straighter and less divergent rostrum. and smaller interorbital width. These morphological differences between the two species, however, can be attributed to changes over ontogeny and, therefore, cannot be used as distinguishing characters. Adults of S. coelatus and S. furcatus can, however, be safely separated from each other by the presence in S. coelatus of a strong crenation on the anterior margin of the male sterno-abdominal cavity, which is absent in S. furcatus. A lectotype for S. coelatus is designated. The synonymy between S. furcatus, Cancer cornudo Herbst, 1804, and Chorinus armatus Randall, 1839, is confirmed based on the holotypes of the latter two species.
A new species of Polyplocia Lestage from Malaysia with comments on the genus (Ephemeroptera, Euthyplociidae, Euthyplociinae)
Authors: GONÇALVES INÊS C. , PETERS JANICE G.
Published: November 2016

Polyplocia nebulosa sp. nov. is described based on male and female imagos from Malaysia, Sabah State. Nymphs provisionally assigned to this species are also described. This species can be readily separated from P. vitalisi by the color pattern of the wings, with light brown longitudinal veins, narrow dark brown clouds on cross veins and margins of wings tinged with brown. The male genitalia are distinct from those of other species of Polyplocia: penes are broad, T-shaped, with large lateral projecting lobes, which are apically rounded, and with a small dorsolateral spine on each lobe; the styliger plate is short and not projected posteriorly. Eggs of the genus are described for the first time using scanning electron microscopy. Eggs are 265–267 µm in length, 170–186 µm in width, barrel-shaped, without polar caps or other attachment structures, with one visible micropyle and with chorion forming an irregular mesh with raised ridges (mesh between 3.8–8 µm). A key to male adults of Polyplocia is provided and additional records of Polyplocia from Thailand are given.
The Uncertainty in the Transient Climate Response to Cumulative CO2 Emissions Arising from the Uncertainty in Physical Climate Parameters
Authors: MacDougall Andrew H. , Swart Neil C. , Knutti Reto
Published: November 2016

An emergent property of most Earth system models is a near-linear relationship between cumulative emission of CO2 and change in global near-surface temperature. This relationship, which has been named the transient climate response to cumulative CO2 emissions (TCRE), implies a finite budget of fossil fuel carbon that can be burnt over all time consistent with a chosen temperature change target. Carbon budgets are inversely proportional to the value of TCRE and are therefore sensitive to the uncertainty in TCRE. Here the authors have used a perturbed physics approach with an Earth system model of intermediate complexity to assess the uncertainty in the TCRE that arises from uncertainty in the rate of transient temperature change and the effect of this uncertainty on carbon cycle feedbacks. The experiments are conducted using an idealized 1% yr−1 increase in CO2 concentration. Additionally, the authors have emulated the temperature output of 23 models from phase 5 of the Climate Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). The experiment yields a mean value for TCRE of 1.72 K EgC−1 with a 5th to 95th percentile range of 0.88 to 2.52 K EgC−1. This range of uncertainty is consistent with the likely range from the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (0.8 to 2.5 K EgC−1) but by construction underestimates the total uncertainty range of TCRE, as the authors’ experiments cannot account for the uncertainty from their models’ imperfect representation of the global carbon cycle. Transient temperature change uncertainty induces a 5th to 95th percentile range in the airborne fraction at the time of doubled atmospheric CO2 of 0.50 to 0.58. Overall the uncertainty in the value of TCRE remains considerable.
A New Method of Characterizing Flow Patterns of Vortices and Detecting the Centers of Vortices in a Numerical Wind Field
Authors: Hou Jie , Wang Ping , Zhuang Shuo
Published: November 2016

A vortex in a wind field is an important aspect of a weather system; vortices often result in hazardous weather, such as rainstorms, windstorms, and typhoons. As the availability of numerical meteorological data increases, traditional manual analysis no longer provides an efficient means of timely analysis of observed and predicted atmospheric vortices. Therefore, a method was proposed to automatically characterize flow patterns of vortices and to detect the centers of vortices in complex wind fields generated from numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. First, a statistical feature was developed to preliminarily filter regional wind data to obtain (anti)cyclonic vortices. Second, flow patterns of ideal axisymmetric wind fields were extracted by analyzing circular data related to wind directions. Third, for actual vortices in a complex wind field, a series of rules and deformation degree indices were constructed to retrieve the provisional centers of vortices. Fourth, the Ward hierarchical clustering algorithm was used to cluster these provisional centers, which were filled up by a dilation operation to cover the core region of the vortex. Finally, the vortices were classified as either cyclones or anticyclones based on their analyzed vorticity, and their global centers were precisely located. Experimental results show that the proposed preprocessing method was more effective than the traditional filtering method and that the features of the flow pattern were stable regardless of the variety in the resolution and scale. It was also proven that the proposed method can be further extended and applied to detecting typhoon centers, for which it was more effective than other currently used methods.
Approach to the diagnosis and treatment of high-grade B-cell lymphomas with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements
Authors: Sesques Pierre , Johnson Nathalie A.
Published: November 2016

High-grade B-cell lymphomas (HGBLs) with MYC and BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements, so-called “double-hit” lymphomas (HGBL-DH), are aggressive lymphomas that form a separate provisional entity in the 2016 revised World Health Organization Classification of Lymphoid Tumors. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) will be required to identify HGBL-DH and will reclassify a subset of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) and HGBLs with features intermediate between DLBCL and Burkitt lymphoma into this new category. Identifying patients with HGBL-DH is important because it may change clinical management. This poses a challenge for centers that may not be ready to handle the additional workload and financial burden associated with the increase in requests for FISH testing. Herein, we review the mechanisms of deregulation of these oncogenes. We identify the factors associated with a poor prognosis and those that can guide diagnostic testing. Restricting FISH analysis to the 10% of DLBCL patients who have a germinal center B-cell phenotype and coexpress MYC and BCL2 proteins would be cost-effective and would identify the subset of patients who are at highest risk of experiencing a relapse following conventional therapy. These patients may benefit from intensified chemotherapy regimens or, ideally, should enroll in clinical trials investigating novel regimens.
Preserving rapid prototypes: a review
Authors: Coon Carolien , Pretzel Boris , Lomax Tom , Strlič Matija
Published: November 2016

Rapid Prototyping (RP) has revolutionized the world of manufacturing. It has gained popularity among designers and artists, having developed from a visualization tool to a manufacturing tool for end-use products. Rapid-prototyped objects are being accessed by museums and the technology is being adopted for conservation applications. The review identifies the current most commonly used polymer based RP technologies and materials that are likely to enter museum collections, and formulates informed research topics related to their conservation. A knowledge exchange project was conducted with artists and designers using the technology via an online survey and interviews. The main technologies and materials used by artists and designers were identified and investigated including research that has been done into the stability of RP manufactured objects. Since these may be uniquely post-processed by artists and designers, RP objects are often irreplaceable, i.e. cannot simply be reprinted. The evolution from rapid prototyping (RP) to additive manufacturing (AM) has resulted in extensive research into the mechanical properties and short-term stability of prototypes. However, very little research has been conducted into RP from the conservation perspective particularly long-term stability studies. Since RP technology is rapidly developing, it is crucial that conservators and scientists follow and inform these developments.
Insulinlike Growth Factor Binding Protein-1 and Ghrelin Predict Health Outcomes Among Older Adults: Cardiovascular Health Study Cohort
Authors: Kaplan Robert C. , Strizich Garrett , Aneke-Nash Chino , Dominguez-Islas Clara , Bůžková Petra , Strickler Howard , Rohan Thomas , Pollak Michael , Kuller Lewis , Kizer Jorge R. , Cappola Anne , Li Christopher I. , Psaty Bruce M. , Newman Anne
Published: November 2016

Context:

Multiple diseases may explain the association of the growth hormone/insulinlike growth factor-I (GH/IGF-I) axis with longevity.

Objective:

To relate circulating GH/IGF-I system protein levels with major health events

Design and Setting:

This is a cohort study set in 4 US communities.

Participants:

Adults (N = 2268) 65 years and older free of diabetes and cardiovascular disease

Measurements:

We assessed insulinlike growth factor binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) and ghrelin in fasting and 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) blood samples, as well as fasting IGF-I and IGFBP-3. Hazard ratios for mortality and a composite outcome for first incident myocardial infarction, stroke, heart failure, hip fracture, or death were adjusted for sociodemographic, behavioral, and physiological covariates.

Results:

During 13,930 person-years of follow-up, 48.1% of individuals sustained one or more components of the composite outcome and 31.8% died. Versus the lowest quartiles, the highest quartiles of fasting and 2-hour ghrelin were associated with 27% higher (95% confidence interval [CI]: 6%, 53%) and 39% higher (95% CI: 14%, 71%) risks of the composite outcome, respectively. The highest quartile of 2-hour IGFBP-1 was associated with 35% higher (95% CI: 1%, 52%) risk of the composite end point. Similarly, higher mortality was significantly associated with higher fasting and 2-hour ghrelin levels and with 2-hour IGFBP-1 level. When examined together, 2-hour post-OGTT levels of IGFBP-1 and ghrelin tended to predict outcomes better than fasting levels.

Conclusions:

Circulating IGFBP-1 and ghrelin measured during an OGTT predicted major health events and death in older adults, which may explain the influence of the GH/IGF-I axis on lifespan and health.
On Race, Violence, and So-Called Primitive Accumulation
Authors: Singh Nikhil Pal
Published: November 2016

In light of recent historiography that increasingly emphasizes the centrality of slavery to the origins of capitalism, this essay returns to Marx, especially Capital, volume 1, to rethink the relationships among capitalist abstraction, violence, and racial differentiation.
Feeling Appropriately
Authors: Pham Minh-Ha T.
Published: November 2016

This essay examines the contradictory politics around the appropriation of cultural material in the fashion world. While fashion does not qualify for copyright protection, a common set of copynorms based on socially accepted racial constructions of authorship, originality, creative property, and cultural impropriety define, adjudicate, and support some fashion-copying practices while stigmatizing others. This essay begins with a historical perspective of fashion copynorms. It then examines one case study — a dispute between a small ecoconscious design firm, Feral Childe, and a large clothing store, Forever 21 — to demonstrate how cultural frameworks and values about fashion copying are informed by and contribute to racial biases and blind spots.
Marx, Memory, Loss
Authors: McCarthy Anna
Published: November 2016

Scholarly marginalia may be contributing to the automation of thought.
Clutter and Clodder
Authors: McCarthy Anna
Published: November 2016

For quick relief from the austerity of decluttering, try cultivating mindful clodder.
Fragment from The Message Is Murder
Authors: Beller Jonathan
Published: November 2016

This fragment is drawn from The Message Is Murder, a work in progress that includes statistically discrepant readings of Jorge Luis Borges, Alan Turing, and Karl Marx, in addition to the engagements with Claude E. Shannon and Alfred Hitchcock present here. These readings are offered as a kind of riposte to Marshall McLuhan’s formulation “The medium is the message” at a moment when it has become even more undeniable that the media (linguistic, visual, computational, financial) are the media of racial capitalism. The Message Is Murder is itself part of an investigation of what I call the computational unconscious — that is, the programmatic unthought of my own critical analytic for the regime of racial capitalism, namely, computational capital.
Remember, S/He Was Here Once
Authors: Karaman Emine Rezzan
Published: November 2016

This article analyzes the construction of motherhood as a form of political agency in Turkey with particular references to the Saturday Mothers and the Peace Mothers, respectively, the mothers of the disappeared and the mothers of the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) fighters. Interviews with the mothers of soldiers will also be part of the final analysis. Focusing on these three organizations, the article answers the following questions: (1) How has the conflict between the military/paramilitary forces and oppositional organizations transformed the lives of some ordinary women across the country? (2) How have some sociopolitically marked and wounded women perceived the state and responded to its violence through the identity of motherhood? (3) To what extent can the power of motherhood activism, which derives from the sharing of personal experiences in the public domain as an expression of collective traumas and silenced pasts, contribute to peace building in Turkey?
Approximately Optimal Mechanisms for Strategyproof Facility Location: Minimizing Lp Norm of Costs
Authors: Feigenbaum Itai , Sethuraman Jay , Ye Chun
Published: November 2016

This paper is concerned with the problem of locating a facility on a line in the presence of strategic agents, also located on that line. Each agent incurs a cost equal to her distance to the facility whereas the planner wishes to minimize the Lp norm of the vector of agent costs. The location of each agent is only privately known, and the goal is to design a strategyproof mechanism that approximates the optimal cost well. It is shown that the median mechanism provides a 21−1/p approximation ratio, and that this is the optimal approximation ratio among all deterministic strategyproof mechanisms. For randomized mechanisms, two results are shown: First, for any integer p larger than 2, no mechanism—from a rather large class of randomized mechanisms—has an approximation ratio better than that of the median mechanism. This is in contrast to the case of p = 2 and p = ∞ where a randomized mechanism provably helps improve the worst case approximation ratio. Second, for the case of 2 agents, the Left-Right-Middle (LRM) mechanism, first designed by Procaccia and Tennenholtz for the special case of infinity norm, provides the optimal approximation ratio among all randomized mechanisms.
Oral photoprotection: reducing damage from ultraviolet light and inflammation
Authors: Pearson Kim
Published: November 2016

Clinicians practising within the medical aesthetic sector commonly advise patients to apply topical sun protection factor to protect their skin from sun damage. However, it is a little known fact that certain orally consumed nutrients can play an important role in helping to protect the skin from damage induced by ultraviolet (UV) light exposure. When provided at therapeutic doses, antioxidants, probiotics, B vitamins and fish oils have all been shown to exert photoprotective effects. The mechanisms by which these nutrients can help to protect the skin against UV radiation are many and varied. They include protecting against UV-induced free radical damage and inflammation, as well as modulating cutaneous immune function. In this review, the author discusses the specific nutrients that can provide protoprotection, which are widely available in supplemental form to both aesthetic practitioners and patients alike.
Photo editing: enhancing social media images to reflect appearance ideals
Authors: Guest Ella
Published: November 2016

Many of the images used in traditional forms of mass media have been modified to portray unrealistic and idealised beauty characteristics. Further to this, members of the general public have now begun to digitally enhance their own pictures for social media posts, in order to fulfil these often unattainable standards. Ella Guest explores the impact exposure to idealised images of peers may have on health and wellbeing
How to advise patients who are looking to undergo aesthetic procedures abroad
Authors: Palmer-Hughes Cheryl
Published: November 2016

Cosmetic procedure tourism continues to be successful in many parts of the world, with people in the UK seeking cut-price treatments as part of a holiday package. However, there are many risks and practical considerations associated with having aesthetic procedures abroad of which patients need to be aware. Cheryl Palmer-Hughes explores this issue and reflects on her experience as a personal injury solicitor
Online interactions: the virtual side of aesthetics marketing and customer service
Authors: Ralph Zoe
Published: November 2016

The trend for online lead acquisition and customer service is moving further towards self-serve functionality, and this is no different for aesthetic clinics. Zoe Ralph proposes a range of online channels of communication, such as live chat and social media, which aesthetic clinics can harness to attract and retain prospects through improved client journeys
Dealing with the Housing Crisis: A Study on Softwood Sawmills in the Southern United States
Authors: Zhang Daowei , Lin Ying , Sasatani Daisuke
Published: November 2016

In this article we discuss the impact of the recent housing crisis and economic recession on the southern US softwood sawmill industry. We use the first difference model to quantify the impact of market conditions on the performance of independent sawmills including their adjustments and responses between 2006 and 2012. Our results show that lumber and log price change, adjustment in product mix and labor input, and export strategy were key factors influencing production and capacity utilization levels during and after the housing crisis. Furthermore, these factors contributed in different magnitudes in the housing crisis and recovery periods.
(Re)constructing ‘worth’ in reality television: A case study of The Block New Zealand
Authors: Johnson Rosser
Published: November 2016

Since the late 1990s, television light entertainment schedules have increasingly featured programming that focuses on home renovation, a do-it-yourself principle and associated ‘lifestyle choices’. Such programming typically rates highly with audiences and is very attractive to networks and producers (if only because its formulaic nature ensures production costs are relatively low). Here, one common characteristic is the central focus on the ‘deserving’ nature of the protagonists. Notably, this moral dimension both drives the narrative (how will the contestants fare in the set tasks?) and underpins the jeopardy (will the outcome be consonant with their level of ‘worth’?). Crucially, home makeover formats also offer sponsors unparalleled opportunities to integrate their products into the content of the programme. This article will outline the marketing and televisual underpinnings of such programming, with a particular focus on ‘moral jeopardy’. This term is defined as the tension ensuing from the moral positioning of contestants within reality programming. Using Season Two of The Block New Zealand (2012) as a case study, it will demonstrate how that tension may be uneasily or incompletely resolved, especially when the outcome for particular contestants is asynchronous with the expectation established within the narrative of the show.
2000 Belle d’Opium parfum campaign and the erotic female grotesque
Authors: Kelly Mimi
Published: November 2016

The now famous Belle d’Opium Eau de parfum campaign of Yves Saint Laurent Beauty featuring a naked Sophie Dahl has provoked both derision and titillation in audiences since its release in 2000. On the one hand, the image is clearly sexually alluring. On the other, the subject’s nakedness also provokes male fear of the female body as a site of difference, that is, castration, and demonstrates a re-claiming of female eroticism from the traditional domain of male sexual desires – a ‘grotesque’ display of female self-pleasure in defiance of the male gaze. For this reason, the advert captures particularly well the paradox of woman as both an object of attraction and a site for culturally informed moral reprehension through this mode of defiance. This article examines how the advert works on multiple registers, not only drawing attention to deep social and cultural anxieties that exist in relation to the female body but importantly also demonstrating an active reclaiming of women’s libidinal pleasure and ‘grotesque’ bodily ‘difference’. In this sense, the article argues that the Opium advert can be interpreted as a site of active transgression of strict moral and normative gender expectations, along the lines of Mary Russo’s concept of the ‘female grotesque’. In analysing this particular quality of the advert, the article goes on to suggest that the image works particularly well to challenge patriarchal conceptions of women, and yet the subject’s clear sexual attraction also defies traditional feminist interpretations of female objectification. It is precisely because of the moral ambiguity attached to the advert that it acts as a valuable site of discussion on how female agency can be interpreted through conditions traditionally seen as ‘objectifying’.
Lord Business is dead – long live Lord Business!: Second order ideology in The Lego Movie
Authors: Mattes Ari
Published: November 2016

Phil Lord and Christopher Miller’s The Lego Movie (2014) was touted by some popular critics as a kind of celebration of collective emancipation in the face of corporate domination. Obviously, such a reading, given the corporate framing of Lego and the commercial film in general as product, is immensely problematic. However, what is particularly provocative about Lord and Miller’s film is not that it addresses the viewer as infantile, hapless consumer-dupe, as has traditionally been the case in advertising models, but that it does, in fact, the very opposite: it invites the ‘hip’ viewer to laugh along with its lampooning of its own ontological status as commercial brand-film. This is ideology in its most seductive, persuasive form. This tendency – overtly challenging one’s own ideological frame whilst at the same time essentially supporting it – ‘second order ideology’ – is not particularly new, but has become increasingly widespread throughout contemporary popular culture in recent years.
Reviews Books
Authors: Johnson Ty , Winn John Garland , Brint Thomas , O’Steen Taylor K. , Getz Adam
Published: November 2016

The Oxford Handbook of Film Music Studies, David Neumeyer, ed., (2014) New York: Oxford University Press, 683pp., ISBN: 9780190250591 (pbk), $50.00, ISBN: 9780195328493 (hbk), $150.00

Dario Argento, L. Andrew Cooper, (2012) University of Illinois Press, 200 pp., ISBN: 9780252078743 (pbk), $24.00, ISBN: 9780252037092 (hbk), $95.00

Studying the British Crime Film, Paul Elliott, (2014) Bedfordshire: Auteur Publishing, 137pp., ISBN: 978-1-906733-74-2 (pbk), $30.00, ISBN: 978-0-9930717-7-5 (e-book), $29.99

The Cinema of James Cameron: Bodies in Heroic Motion, James Clarke, (2013) New York: Columbia University Press, 157pp., ISBN: 9780231169776 (pbk), $25.00, ISBN: 0231169760 (hbk), $75.00

Quadrophenia, Stephen Glynn, (2014) New York: Wallflower Press, 134pp. ISBN: 9780231167413(pbk), $13.50, ISBN: 9780231850551 (e-book), $9.99
A brief history of the dancer/camera relationship
Authors: Lewis-Smith Christopher
Published: November 2016

This article reflects on the relationship between the dancer and the camera. It identifies a divide that commonly exists between the performing dancer and the camera operator/director in screendance-making and suggests that this divide is narrower in production works where links to the dance community exist on both sides of the lens and where production environments do not involve large teams behind the camera. This divide is examined in a historical context and changes in the dancer/camera relationship are charted with examples from the advent of film, such as Thomas Edison’s Black Maria Studio productions through the choreography of Busby Berkeley in the 1930s, Maya Deren’s screen dance experiments in the 1950s, Merce Cunningham in the 1970s and concluding in the present day with works by practitioners such as Katrina McPherson and Margaret Williams. Drawing on the testaments of historical observers, contemporary theorists and first-hand accounts by dancers such as Alice Barker, Gene Kelly and Cathy Nicoli, the research undertaken here suggests that the dancer/camera/director divide still persists, even in the more closely aligned groups working in smaller production environments today. However, the article identifies a number of film-makers who, with the advent of new technologies, have developed an alternative approach to filming dance that challenges those structural and hierarchical divisions.
Much ado about medium: Greenberg, McLuhan, and the formalist problem in early video criticism in New York
Authors: Kim Liz
Published: November 2016

Early American video history is often characterized as difficult and heterogeneous, and this is in part due to the conflicting theoretical approaches to the notion of ‘medium’. In early 1970s New York, there were two major strands of discourse on video: one saw and described video through a techno-utopian lens based on Marshall McLuhan’s media theories, and the other, still steeped in the legacies of Clement Greenberg, treated video as though it was a static, flat and plastic medium. Neither was able to adequately articulate video’s unique aesthetics, but they nonetheless dominated the American language of video during the early 1970s. These opposing views on video eventually came to a head in 1974 at the Open Circuits conference at the Museum of Modern Art, where practitioners of early video, such as Frank Gillette and Douglas Davis, faced hostility from other artists and critics such as John Baldessari and Robert Pincus-Witten. They clashed around the concept of ‘medium’, with each side accusing the other of being formalist, and these dialogues spill out onto various publications throughout the same year. The article will argue that this conflict lies at the root of American video art’s difficulty with articulating its own history.
1970s British experimental film: Images in shadows and light
Authors: Gaal-Holmes Patti
Published: November 2016

This article on 1970s British experimental film-making challenges the problematic ‘return to image’ thesis evident in diverse historical accounts of the decade, arguing that image-rich, expressive, personal and representational films were in evidence throughout the decade and not just at its close. The article reviews examples of the ‘return to image’ thesis, demonstrating how it has perpetuated a flawed account of the decade. It also outlines some of the countercultural, psychoanalytic and mystical influences on film-making and discusses American critic P. Adams Sitney’s taxonomical distinctions – ‘psychodramatic trance’, ‘lyrical’, ‘mythopoeia’ and ‘diary’ – which provide illuminating characteristics useful for examining some of the personal, expressive forms of 1970s British film-making. It gives an understanding of how experimental film-making grew from a small handful of films and film-makers at the start of the 1970s to a veritable explosion of film-making by the end of the decade.
A farmácia em Portugal nos últimos 30 anos. Algumas reflexões sobre a farmácia de oficina ou comunitária
Authors: Pita João Rui , Bell Victoria
Published: November 2016

Neste artigo os autores fazem um historial sobre algumas das principais modificações verificadas em Portugal no sector da farmácia, em particular da farmácia de oficina nos últimos 30 anos. Os autores, tendo por base as alterações operadas no plano legislativo e regulamentar, analisam algumas das principais modificações registadas no contexto da adesão de Portugal à União Europeia.https://doi.org/10.14195/1647-6336_15_11