bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MHD mixed convection of hybrid nanofluid in a wavy porous cavity employing local thermal non-equilibrium condition
Authors: Raizah Zehba , Aly Abdelraheem M. , Alsedais Noura , Mansour Mohamed Ahmed
Published: August 2021

The current study treats the magnetic field impacts on the mixed convection flow within an undulating cavity filled by hybrid nanofluids and porous media. The local thermal non-equilibrium condition below the implications of heat generation and thermal radiation is conducted. The corrugated vertical walls of an involved cavity have $${T}_{c}$$

T
c

and the plane walls are adiabatic. The heated part is put in the bottom wall and the left-top walls have lid velocities. The controlling dimensionless equations are numerically solved by the finite volume method through the SIMPLE technique. The varied parameters are scaled as a partial heat length (B: 0.2 to 0.8), heat generation/absorption coefficient (Q: − 2 to 2), thermal radiation parameter (Rd: 0–5), Hartmann number (Ha: 0–50), the porosity parameter (ε: 0.4–0.9), inter-phase heat transfer coefficient (H*: 0–5000), the volume fraction of a hybrid nanofluid (ϕ: 0–0.1), modified conductivity ratio (kr: 0.01–100), Darcy parameter $$\left(Da: 1{0}^{-1}\,\mathrm{ to }\,1{0}^{-5}\right)$$

D
a
:
1

0

-
1

to

1

0

-
5

, and the position of a heat source (D: 0.3–0.7). The major findings reveal that the length and position of the heater are effective in improving the nanofluid movements and heat transfer within a wavy cavity. The isotherms of a solid part are significantly altered by the variations on $$Q$$
Q
, $${R}_{d}$$

R
d

, $${H}^{*}$$

H

∗

and $${k}_{r}$$

k
r

. Increasing the heat generation/absorption coefficient and thermal radiation parameter is improving the isotherms of a solid phase. Expanding in the porous parameter $$\varepsilon$$
ε
enhances the heat transfer of the fluid/solid phases.
Balance and fragmentation in societies with homophily and social balance
Authors: Pham Tuan M. , Alexander Andrew C. , Korbel Jan , Hanel Rudolf , Thurner Stefan
Published: August 2021

Recent attempts to understand the origin of social fragmentation on the basis of spin models include terms accounting for two social phenomena: homophily—the tendency for people with similar opinions to establish positive relations—and social balance—the tendency for people to establish balanced triadic relations. Spins represent attribute vectors that encode G different opinions of individuals whose social interactions can be positive or negative. Here we present a co-evolutionary Hamiltonian model of societies where people minimise their individual social stresses. We show that societies always reach stationary, balanced, and fragmented states, if—in addition to homophily—individuals take into account a significant fraction, q, of their triadic relations. Above a critical value, $$q_c$$

q
c

, balanced and fragmented states exist for any number of opinions.
Age affects pigeons’ (Columba livia) memory capacity but not representation of serial order during a locomotor sequential-learning task
Authors: Meier Christina , Sepehri Parisa , Kelly Debbie M.
Published: August 2021

Aging affects individuals of every species, with sometimes detrimental effects on memory and cognition. The simultaneous-chaining task, a sequential-learning task, requires subjects to select items in a predetermined sequence, putting demands on memory and cognitive processing capacity. It is thus a useful tool to investigate age-related differences in these domains. Pigeons of three age groups (young, adult and aged) completed a locomotor adaptation of the task, learning a list of four items. Training began by presenting only the first item; additional items were added, one at a time, once previous items were reliably selected in their correct order. Although memory capacity declined noticeably with age, not all aged pigeons showed impairments compared to younger pigeons, suggesting that inter-individual variability emerged with age. During a subsequent free-recall memory test in the absence of reinforcement, when all trained items were presented alongside novel distractor items, most pigeons did not reproduce the trained sequence. During a further forced-choice test, when pigeons were given a choice between only two of the trained items, all three age groups showed evidence of an understanding of the ordinal relationship between items by choosing the earlier item, indicating that complex cognitive processing, unlike memory capacity, remained unaffected by age.
Sperm cryopreservation and in vitro fertilization techniques for the African turquoise killifish Nothobranchius furzeri
Authors: Dolfi Luca , Suen Tsz Kin , Ripa Roberto , Antebi Adam
Published: August 2021

Over the last decade, the African turquoise killifish,Nothobranchius furzeri,has emerged as an important model system for the study of vertebrate biology and ageing. Propagation of laboratory inbred strains ofNothobranchius furzeri, such as GRZ, however, can pose challenges due to the short window of fertility, the efforts and space requirements involved in continuous strain maintenance, and the risks of further inbreeding. The current method for long term strain preservation relies on arrest of embryos in diapause. To create an alternative for long term maintenance, we developed a robust protocol to cryopreserve and revive sperm for in vitro fertilization (IVF). We tested a variety of extender and activator buffers for sperm IVF, as well as cryoprotectants to achieve practical long-term storage and fertilization conditions tailored to this species. Our protocol enabled sperm to be preserved in a cryogenic condition for months and to be revived with an average of 40% viability upon thawing. Thawed sperm were able to fertilize nearly the same number of eggs as natural fertilization, with an average of ~ 25% and peaks of ~ 55% fertilization. This technical advance will greatly facilitate the use ofN. furzerias a model organism.
Novel platinum bipolar electrode for irreversible electroporation in prostate cancer: preclinical study in the beagle prostate
Authors: Lim Bumjin , Kim Hong Bae , Jeong Seung , Kim Song Hee , Kang Jeon Min , Park Yubeen , Won Dong-Sung , Kim Ji Won , Ryu Dae Sung , Kim Yunlim , Park Jung-Hoon , Kim Choung-Soo
Published: August 2021

The exposure of the prostate to high electric field strength during irreversible electroporation (IRE) has been extensively investigated. Multiple monopolar electrodes, however, have risks of organ piercing and bleeding when placing electrodes. A novel bipolar electrode made of pure platinum and stainless steel was developed for prostate cancer ablation. Voltages of 500 and 700 V were applied to the beagle prostate with this electrode to evaluate ablated tissues and their characteristics. IRE procedures were technically successful in all dogs without procedure-related complications. The current that flowed through the anode and cathode while applying 500 and 700 V were 1.75 ± 0.25 A and 2.22 ± 0.35 A, respectively. TUNEL assays showed that the estimated ablated areas when applying 500 and 700 V were 0.78 cm2 and 1.21 cm2, respectively. The minimum electric field strength threshold required for induction of IRE was 800 V/cm. The platinum electrode was resistant to corrosion. The IRE procedure for beagle prostates using a single bipolar electrode was technically feasible and safe. The novel bipolar electrode has great potential for treating human prostate cancer with fewer IRE-related complications.
Renal function trajectories in hepatitis C infection: differences between renal healthy and chronic kidney disease individuals
Authors: Hsu Cheng-Kai , Lai Tai-Shuan , Chen Yih-Ting , Tseng Yi-Ju , Lee Chin-Chan , Chen Chun-Yu , Hsu Heng-Jung , Pan Heng-Chih , Chen Li-Wei , Chien Cheng-Hung , Lin Chih-Lang , Chien Rong-Nan , Wu I-Wen
Published: August 2021

Associations between hepatitis C virus (HCV) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) have been reported; however, differences of renal progression between general and CKD population remain to be elucidated in prospective studies. A total of 1179 participants, who have tested for anti-HCV antibody, were enrolled and prospectively followed for 3 years. The risks associated with HCV infection, in terms of incidence of CKD, annual estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) changes and 50% decline of eGFR at 3-year from baseline, were compared between normal renal function subjects and CKD patients. Overall, 111 of 233 (47.6%) CKD patients and 167 of 946 (17.7%) non-CKD subjects had HCV infection. The crude incidence rates of CKD were 226.9 per 1000 person-years and 14.8 per 1000 person-years in in HCV and non-HCV infected patients, respectively. The adjusted hazard ratio of HCV infection for incident CKD was 7.9 (95% CI 5–12.7). The HCV-infected normal renal function subjects were independently associated with increased risks of eGFR decline in the 1-year, 2-year and 3-year, respectively. The risk associations remained significant in 50% decline of eGFR at 3 years models and in different subgroup analyses. The increases of risks of eGFR decline were also notorious among overall HCV-infected CKD patients. However, the risk associations were less prominent in subgroup analyses (elderly, women and diabetic patients). The findings highlighted the importance of viral diagnosis with not only prognostic but also public health implications for preserving kidney function.
Distinct immune microenvironment profiles of therapeutic responders emerge in combined TGFβ/PD-L1 blockade-treated squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Strait Alexander A. , Woolaver Rachel A. , Hall Spencer C. , Young Christian D. , Karam Sana D. , Jimeno Antonio , Lan Yan , Raben David , Wang Jing H. , Wang Xiao-Jing
Published: August 2021

Transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) are often overproduced in refractory squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We examined spatial patterns of PD-L1+ cells in mouse and human SCCs and found that PD-L1 was primarily expressed on infiltrating leukocytes. Although combined TGFβ and PD-L1 blockade are undergoing cancer clinical trials, there are no predictive markers for therapeutic responders. To address this, we used both a small molecule TGFβ inhibitor in combination with anti-PD-L1 and a bifunctional fusion protein targeting both TGFβ and PD-L1 to treat mouse SCCs and found TGFβ inhibition enhanced PD-L1 blockade-induced tumor eradication in multiple tumor models. Furthermore, we identified distinct cell populations of responders and non-responders to bintrafusp alfa, with responders showing a shift toward a more immune-permissive microenvironment. The cellular and molecular signatures of responders versus non-responders to combined TGFβ and PD-L1 blockade provide important insights into future personalized immunotherapy in SCC.
Optimising PHBV biopolymer production in haloarchaea via CRISPRi-mediated redirection of carbon flux
Authors: Lin Lin , Chen Junyu , Mitra Ruchira , Gao Quanxiu , Cheng Feiyue , Xu Tong , Zuo Zhenqiang , Xiang Hua , Han Jing
Published: August 2021

The haloarchaeon Haloferax mediterranei is a potential strain for poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) production, yet the production yield and cost are the major obstacles hindering the use of this archaeal strain. Leveraging the endogenous type I-B CRISPR-Cas system in H. mediterranei, we develop a CRISPR-based interference (CRISPRi) approach that allows to regulate the metabolic pathways related to PHBV synthesis, thereby enhancing PHBV production. Our CRISPRi approach can downregulate the gene expression in a range of 25% to 98% depending upon the target region. Importantly, plasmid-mediated CRISPRi downregulation on the citrate synthase genes (citZ and gltA) improves the PHBV accumulation by 76.4% (from 1.78 to 3.14 g/L). When crRNA cassette integrated into chromosome, this further shortens the PHBV fermentation period and enhances PHA productivity by 165%. Our transcriptome analysis shows that repression of citrate synthase genes redirects metabolic flux from the central metabolic pathways to PHBV synthesis pathway. These findings demonstrate that the CRISPRi-based gene regulation is a transformative toolkit for fine-tuning the endogenous metabolic pathways in the archaeal system, which can be applied to not only the biopolymer production but also many other applications.
Towards deeper understanding of multifaceted chemistry of magnesium alkylperoxides
Authors: Pietrzak Tomasz , Justyniak Iwona , Zelga Karolina , Nowak Krzysztof , Ochal Zbigniew , Lewiński Janusz
Published: August 2021

Despite considerable progress in the multifaceted chemistry of non-redox-metal alkylperoxides, the knowledge about magnesium alkylperoxides is in its infancy and only started to gain momentum. Harnessing the well-defined dimeric magnesium tert-butylperoxide [(f5BDI)Mg(μ-η2:η1-OOtBu)]2 incorporating a fluorinated β-diketiminate ligand, herein, we demonstrate its transformation at ambient temperature to a spiro-type, tetranuclear magnesium alkylperoxide [(f5BDI)2Mg4(μ-OOtBu)6]. The latter compound was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and its molecular structure can formally be considered as a homoleptic magnesium tert-butylperoxide [Mg(µ-OOtBu)2]2 terminated by two monomeric magnesium tert-butylperoxides. The formation of the tetranuclear magnesium alkylperoxide not only contradicts the notion of the high instability of magnesium alkylperoxides, but also highlights that there is much to be clarified with respect to the solution behaviour of these species. Finally, we probed the reactivity of the dimeric alkylperoxide in model oxygen transfer reactions like the commonly invoked metathesis reaction with the parent alkylmagnesium and the catalytic epoxidation of trans-chalcone with tert-butylhydroperoxide as an oxidant. The results showed that the investigated system is among the most active known catalysts for the epoxidation of enones.
Origin, toxicity and characteristics of two amyloid oligomer polymorphs
Authors: Niyangoda Chamani , Barton Jeremy , Bushra Nabila , Karunarathne Kanchana , Strauss Graham , Fakhre Fadia , Koria Piyush , Muschol Martin
Published: August 2021

Self-assembly of lysozyme can generate two amyloids oligomer polymorphs with distinct characteristics and toxicity. Both polymorphs are off-pathway from amyloid fibril assembly.
YF3: a nanoflower-like catalyst for efficient nitrogen fixation to ammonia under ambient conditions
Authors: Li Tingshuai , Chen Qiru , Yu Jin , Xia Jiaojiao , Li Yuanfang , Xu Ke , Luo Yonglan , Liu Qian , Guo Haoran
Published: August 2021

Ammonia as a vital chemical is not only indispensable to agriculture but also crucial to some energy devices like fuel cells.
Membrane fouling amelioration through pseudo dead-end filtration coupled with transmembrane pressure (TMP) set-point control in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor for municipal wastewater treatment
Authors: Wang K. M. , Zhang L. J. , Zhang H. L. , Li J. L. , Zhang Y. C. , Liu B. C. , Wang H. Y.
Published: August 2021

Sustainable membrane operation in an AnMBR achieved under pseudo dead-end filtration coupled with TMP set-point control with a low energy demand and operational cost, promoting energy neutral sewage treatment to be realized.
Metabolomics analysis of time-series human small intestine lumen samples collected in vivo
Authors: Folz Jacob S. , Shalon Dari , Fiehn Oliver
Published: August 2021

Time-series sampling of the upper digestive tract revealed trends in metabolites that were measured using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry.
A novel anticoagulant peptide discovered from Crassostrea gigas by combining bioinformatics with the enzymolysis strategy: inhibitory kinetics and mechanisms
Authors: Cheng Shuzhen , Wu Di , Liu Hanxiong , Xu Xianbing , Zhu Beiwei , Du Ming
Published: August 2021

A novel anticoagulant peptide (IEELEEELEAER) derived from Crassostrea gigas inhibits the clotting activity and delays thrombin generation in normal plasma by inhibiting thrombin activity and activation mainly.
Enhancing photoelectrochemical water splitting with plasmonic Au nanoparticles
Authors: Moon Cheon Woo , Choi Min-Ju , Hyun Jerome Kartham , Jang Ho Won
Published: August 2021

In this review, methods and mechanisms for enhancing photoelectrochemical water splitting using plasmonic Au nanoparticles are discussed in detail. In particular, we focus on the interface between Au particles and semiconductor photoelectrode.
Highly-efficient growth of cobalt nanostructures using focused ion beam induced deposition under cryogenic conditions: application to electrical contacts on graphene, magnetism and hard masking
Authors: Salvador-Porroche Alba , Sangiao Soraya , Magén César , Barrado Mariano , Philipp Patrick , Belotcerkovtceva Daria , Kamalakar M. Venkata , Cea Pilar , De Teresa José María
Published: August 2021

Direct electrical contacts (no resist is involved) have been grown on graphene ribbons by the Cryo-FIBID technique for the first time, opening the route for a wider use on other 2D materials.
Sprayed copper peroxide nanodots for accelerating wound healing in a multidrug-resistant bacteria infected diabetic ulcer
Authors: Zhang Ran , Jiang Guhua , Gao Qianqian , Wang Xiaona , Wang Yilin , Xu Xin , Yan Wenjing , Shen Haijun
Published: August 2021

Attributed to the dual function of antimicrobial and angiogenesis, sprayed CuO2 nanodots accelerate wound healing in diabetic ulcers with an acidic environment.
Supramolecular BODIPY based dimers: synthesis, computational and spectroscopic studies
Authors: Trapani Mariachiara , Castriciano Maria Angela , Collini Elisabetta , Bella Giovanni , Cordaro Massimiliano
Published: August 2021

The synthetic procedures of supramolecular BODIPY dimer based on 2,6-diacetamido-4-pyridyl and 1-butyl-6-uracyl distyryl derivatives are reported.
Photo-switchable smart superhydrophobic surface with controllable superwettability
Authors: Yang Xiaoyan , Jin Haibao , Tao Xinfeng , Xu Binbin , Lin Shaoliang
Published: August 2021

An azobenzene-based smart superhydrophobic surface undergoes reversible transformations among multiple bioinspired superwetting states through photo-manipulation, demonstrating promising potential on a rewritable platform for droplet transportation.
High-efficiency solid-phase microextraction performance of polypyrrole enhanced titania nanoparticles for sensitive determination of polar chlorophenols and triclosan in environmental water samples
Authors: Ma Mingguang , Wei Yunxia , Wei Huijuan , Liu Xianyu , Liu Haixia
Published: August 2021

A PPy/TiO2 nanocomposite coating was fabricated by direct electropolymerization of pyrrole on annealed TiO2 nanoparticles and evaluated as a novel direct immersion solid phase microextraction fiber coating for the extraction of trace pollutants in water.
A novel and facile synthesis strategy for highly stable cesium lead halide nanowires
Authors: Zhou Ranran , Cheng Chi-An , Qiu Siying , Chen Jiayi , Nie Kun , Wu Mengyun , Lin Panlong , Wang Hua , Wang Luoxin , Mei Lefu
Published: August 2021

Under air ambient, low temperature, and short reaction time conditions, a facile operation step is proposed to synthesize CsPbI3 nanowires.
Solvent-free synthesis of symmetric methylene diesters via direct reaction of aromatic carboxylates with 1,n-dihaloalkanes
Authors: Bai Lin , Ding Shenglong , Ma Xiaofang
Published: August 2021

This work provides a highly efficient and feasible strategy for the synthesis of symmetric methylene diesters, involving the direct diesterification of various carboxylates with 1,n-dihaloalkanes under solvent-free conditions.
A method for partitioning dissolved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons associated with humic substances using polyethylenimine-coated glass fiber filters
Authors: Iwai Hisanori , Mundo Rodrigo , Nagao Seiya
Published: August 2021

The use of a glass fiber filter coated with polyethyleneimine (PcGF) for partitioning dissolved polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) that are associated with humic substances (HSs) is reported.
Investigation on the interlayer coupling and bonding in layered nitride-halides ThNF and ThNCl
Authors: Liu Xiao , Liu Da-Yong , Li Ting-Ting , Chen Dong-Meng , Zou Liang-Jian
Published: August 2021

Showing that the interlayer charge transfer and chemical bond in ThNF and ThNCl are considerable larger than the van der Waals compound ZrNCl, addressing the difficulty in intercalating Li ion or other charged molecules.
Direct synthesis of barium titanium oxyhydride for use as a hydrogen permeable electrode
Authors: Uchimura Tasuku , Takeiri Fumitaka , Okamoto Kei , Saito Takashi , Kamiyama Takashi , Kobayashi Genki
Published: August 2021

Barium titanium oxyhydride BaTiO3−xHx with H−/e− mixed conductivity was directly synthesized by a mechanochemical method, and its function as a hydrogen permeable electrode was confirmed.
Student Stories: Microaggressions in Communication Sciences and Disorders
Authors: Abdelaziz Mariam M. , Matthews Jairus-Joaquin , Campos Ivan , Kasambira Fannin Danai , Rivera Perez Jean F. , Wilhite Myrita , Williams Rachel M.
Published: August 2021

Purpose

Microaggressions and how they affect underrepresented college students have been frequently documented. However, there is a lack of literature on the experiences of underrepresented communication sciences and disorders (CSD) students. The purpose of this study is to understand how underrepresented post baccalaureate, undergraduate, and graduate students in CSD experience microaggressions in their academic programs.

Method

A 19-item electronic survey was developed by American Speech-Language-Hearing Association's Multicultural Issues Board and distributed via multiple online platforms. A diverse group of 155 underrepresented CSD students completed the survey. A multistage qualitative thematic analysis was used to analyze students' experiences.

Results

Students (64.51%) who completed the survey have experienced microaggressions in their academic programs. Prominent themes of students' descriptions of microaggressions included feelings of otherness, damaging generalization, maltreatment from faculty, and maltreatment from peers. Students reported various responses to microaggressions including identity management strategies, disengaging, and working hard to exceed expectations and to prove themselves.

Conclusions

This study illustrates the ways that underrepresented CSD students experience symbolic violence from clients, peers, and faculty. It has implications for the need to cultivate more inclusive learning and social environments in CSD programs. Further research is needed to explore the ramifications of microaggressions and ways to effectively reduce and eventually eradicate them.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.15240723
Zufriedenheit COVID-19-Erkrankter mit den Akteuren des Gesundheitssystems und der rehabilitativen Therapieversorgung unter Verwendung des COVID-19-Rehabilitation Needs Questionnaire (C19-RehabNeQ) in Bayern
Authors: Lemhöfer Christina , Best Norman , Bökel Andrea , Brugger Sebastian , Gutenbrunner Christoph , Loudovici-Krug Dana , Sturm Christian
Published: August 2021

Ziel Die Auswirkungen der COVID-19-Pandemie sind wirtschaftlich, global aber auch individuell noch nicht abzu-schätzen. Aufgrund der Neuartigkeit wurden in Deutschland viele ad-hoc-Entscheidungen getroffen, die Einfluss auf das gesamte Gesundheitswesen hatten. Dies betraf sowohl Abläufe in Gesundheitsämtern, als auch direkt die medizinische Versorgung COVID-19-Erkrankter, die durch multiple Faktoren zum Teil keine adäquate ambulante Therapie erhielten. Das Ziel der Untersuchung war es, die Zufriedenheit von Personen während und nach COVID-19-Infektion mit den erhaltenen Therapien sowie den Akteuren des Gesundheitssystems darzustellen und somit diesen Aspekt in der aktuellen Diskussion stärker in den Fokus zu rücken.

Methodik Der neu entwickelte Fragebogen zur Erfassung von Rehabilitationsbedürfnissen und der Zufriedenheit von COVID-19-Erkrankten (Rehabilitation Needs Questionnaire (RehabNeQ)) wurde in einer Kooperation mit zwei bayerischen Gesundheitsämtern per Post im Juli 2020 an die Betroffenen versandt. Die Auswertung erfolgte deskriptiv mit Darstellung der Häufigkeiten.

Ergebnisse 1027 Fragebögen wurden verschickt. Die Rücklaufquote betrug 41%. 365 Datensätze konnten ausgewertet werden. Der Altersdurchschnitt lag bei 49,8 Jahren. Insgesamt waren 43,8% mit den Angeboten des Gesundheitswesens während des Befragungszeitraumes zufrieden oder sehr zufrieden. 54% waren mit den Mitarbeitern des Gesundheitsamtes zufrieden. 28,5% gaben an, sich weitere Therapien gewünscht, diese aber vor allem durch Ablehnung oder fehlende Ansprechpartner, nicht erhalten zu haben. Nur ein geringer Anteil hatte Kontakt zu einem Facharzt für Physikalische und Rehabilitative Medizin. Termine in speziellen Nachsorgeeinrichtungen wurden von den meisten Befragten als weiterer Therapiewunsch genannt.

Schlussfolgerung Die Zufriedenheit mit den Beteiligten des Gesundheitswesens in den ersten Monaten der Pandemie war bei den Befragten der beiden bayerischen Landkreise hoch, wenngleich viele Befragte sich gewünscht hätten schneller besser informiert zu sein. Besonders bzgl. der erhaltenen Therapien zeigt sich weiterer Handlungsbedarf. Die multifaktoriellen funktionellen, zum Teil langanhaltenden Defizite nach einer SARS-CoV-2 Infektion bedürfen eines rehabilitativen Gesamtkonzepts. Die Bildung weiterer COVID-19 Nachsorgeeinrichtungen sollte Teil dieser Strategie sein, in denen eine multidisziplinäre Behandlung nach entsprechender Diagnostik stattfindet. Dadurch könnte zu einer schnelleren Rückkehr in die normale Belastbarkeit und Arbeitsfähigkeit beigetragen werden.
Schultermittel von Rhus bis Ledum
Authors: Blume Ralf
Published: August 2021

Der Schultergürtel ist besonders verletzungsgefährdet, weil stabilisierende knöcherne Verbindungen zugunsten der Beweglichkeit weitgehend fehlen. In einem akuten Fall konnte eine unkomplizierte Sturzverletzung der Schulter erfolgreich durch Ledum palustre behandelt werden. Hinter der chronischen Heilungsstörung einer Operationsnarbe verbarg sich im zweiten Fall dieses Beitrags ein familiäres miasmatisches Thema mit Schwellung und Rötung im Bereich von Schulter und Ellenbogen.
Die drei Säulen des Faszien-Stress-Release
Authors: Balke-Holzberger Ulrike
Published: August 2021

Die Faszien-Stress-Realease-Arbeit (FSR-Arbeit) basiert auf den drei Säulen: Körperübungen, neurogenes Zittern und Körperachtsamkeitsübungen.
Correlation between Restless Leg Syndrome and Superficial Venous Reflux
Authors: Dezube Aaron R. , Rauh Jake , Dezube Michael , Iafrati Mark , Rigo JoAnn , Muto Paula
Published: August 2021

Restless leg syndrome (RLS) is a common cause of lower extremity discomfort. We hypothesized that patients with RLS symptoms have higher rates of deep and superficial venous reflux (SVR). Retrospective review of patients ≥18 years of age evaluated in a venous center from December 2018 to February 2019. Differences in rates of RLS symptoms, demographics, comorbidities, and clinical and radiologic presence of venous disease were analyzed. Overall, 207 patients were analyzed; 140 (67.6%) reported RLS symptoms (n = 25 with prior RLS diagnosis). RLS symptoms were more common with superficial or combined superficial and deep venous reflux (DVR) compared with those without reflux (p < 0.001). Patients with RLS symptoms as opposed to those without had similar demographics and comorbidities (all p > 0.05) but increased rates of venous pain, phlebitis, family history of venous disease, lower extremity swelling and SVR, and combined SVR and DVR (all p < 0.05). Our multivariable logistic regression found presence of SVR, and family history of venous reflux was associated with RLS symptomatology (all p < 0.001). Ninety-nine patients with RLS underwent ablation; of them, 93 had duplex-proven reflux resolution of which 81 (87%) reported RLS symptom improvement. This included 13 of 16 (81.3%) with prior RLS diagnosis. SVR is associated with increased rates of RLS symptoms in a vein center population. Therefore, RLS symptoms should trigger a targeted venous evaluation. Our results suggest that venous ablation may lead to resolution of RLS symptoms in patients with SVR, but randomized prospective trials with strict RLS definition criteria are warranted to confirm these outcomes.
Current Status of Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Prevention of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Prasad Kailash
Published: August 2021

Fifty percent of all death from cardiovascular diseases is due to coronary artery disease (CAD). This is avoidable if early identification is made. Preventive health care has a major role in the fight against CAD. Atherosclerosis and atherosclerotic plaque rupture are involved in the development of CAD. Modifiable risk factors for CAD are dyslipidemia, diabetes, hypertension, cigarette smoking, obesity, chronic renal disease, chronic infection, high C-reactive protein, and hyperhomocysteinemia. CAD can be prevented by modification of risk factors. This paper defines the primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of CAD. It discusses the mechanism of risk factor–induced atherosclerosis. This paper describes the CAD risk score and its use in the selection of individuals for primary prevention of CAD. Guidelines for primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of CAD have been described. Modification of risk factors and use of guidelines for prevention of CAD would prevent, regress, and slow down the progression of CAD, improve the quality of life of patient, and reduce the health care cost.
Low Incidence of Prosthesis-Patient Mismatch Following Extremely Small Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement with 20-mm Sapien 3
Authors: Okajima Kazue , Komatsu Ikki , Seto Todd B.
Published: August 2021

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement has been developed as an emerging technique to treat patients with aortic valve disease. However, safety and outcome data on extremely small transcatheter heart valves (THV) is limited. We aimed to assess hemodynamic profiles and clinical outcome of very small balloon expandable THVs with 20-mm Sapien 3 (SP3).

We examined data for all patients who received third-generation SP3 THV at a single hospital. Complications and clinical outcomes were defined based on the VARC-2 criteria. Postoperative prosthesis-patient mismatch (PPM) was defined as indexed effective orifice area (EOA) < 0.85 cm2/m2. We compared clinical characteristics and outcome between patients with 20-mm (n = 21), 23-mm (n = 67), and 26- or 29-mm (n = 113) sized valves.

The 20-mm group included significantly higher number of Asian and female populations with lower body surface area. The baseline CT annular area in the 20-mm group was 316.5 ± 24.9 mm2. There was no significant difference between groups in procedural mortality or early safety at 30 days. The higher procedural complication was observed in 20-mm group due to significant differences in minor vascular and bleeding complications. Despite higher post-THV gradients and smaller indexed EOA in 20-mm group, no PPM was observed in 20-mm group. The mortality at 30 days and 1 year in 20-mm group was 4.8% and 16.7%, respectively.

The patients who received very small THVs with 20-mm SP3 did not result in PPM and experienced favorable early safety and midterm outcome in our cohort.
Optical-based methods for studying bacteria are rapidly advancing
Authors: Johnson-Groh Mara
Published: August 2021

Better ways to count and identify the trillions of species of bacteria.
Core–shell particles in rotating electric and magnetic fields: Designing tunable interactions via particle engineering
Authors: Komarov Kirill A. , Mantsevich Vladimir N. , Yurchenko Stanislav O.
Published: August 2021

Tunable interactions between colloidal particles, governed by external rotating electric or magnetic fields, yield rich capabilities for prospective self-assembly technologies of materials and fundamental particle-resolved studies of phase transitions and transport phenomena in soft matter. However, the role of the internal structure of colloidal particles in the tunable interactions has never been systematically investigated. Here, we study the tunable interactions between composite particles with core–shell structure in a rotating electric field and show that the engineering of their internal structure provides an effective tool for designing the interactions. We generalized an integral theory and studied the tunable interactions between core–shell particles with homogeneous cores (layered particles) and cores with nano-inclusions to reveal the main trends in the interactions influenced by the structure. We found that depending on the materials of the core, shell, and solvent, the interactions with the attractive pairwise part and positive or negative three-body part can be obtained, as well as pairwise repulsion with attractive three-body interactions (for triangular triplets). The latter case is observed for the first time, being unattainable for homogeneous particles but feasible with core–shell particles: Qualitatively similar interactions are inherent to charged colloids (repulsive pairwise and attractive three-body energies), known as a model system of globular proteins. The methods and conclusions of our paper can be generalized for magnetic and 3D colloidal systems. The results make a significant advance in the analysis of tunable interactions in colloidal systems, which are of broad interest in condensed matter, chemical physics, physical chemistry, materials science, and soft matter.
Faraday-rotation Bell–Bloom atomic magnetometer using an alternating pump–probe beam
Authors: Li Songsong , Zhang Yi , Tian Yuan , Chen Jiehua , Gu Sihong
Published: August 2021

We propose a scheme for a Bell–Bloom atomic magnetometer based on a single beam. In our approach, the light is periodically modulated synchronously with Larmor precession. As a result, the light that interacts with atoms is alternately polychromatic and monochromatic. When the light is polychromatic, the ±1st sidebands of the light are optically resonant with the atoms, and the atoms are polarized by pumping. When the light is monochromatic, a differential detection technique extracts the Faraday-rotation signal of the light, and the polarization of the light is probed. We demonstrate an experimental implementation of the Bell–Bloom magnetometer that achieves a sensitivity for magnetic-field detection of 0.25 pT/Hz1/2 at 1 Hz. Our scheme is suitable for developing compact, miniaturized magnetometers.
Energies, structures, and harmonic frequencies of small water clusters from the direct random phase approximation
Authors: Chedid Julianna , Jocelyn Nedjie , Eshuis Henk
Published: August 2021

The binding energies, structures, and vibrational frequencies of water clusters up to 20 molecules are computed at the direct random phase approximation (RPA) level of theory and compared to theoretical benchmarks. Binding energies of the WATER27 set, which includes neutral and positively and negatively charged clusters, are predicted to be too low in the complete basis set limit by an average of 7 kcal/mol (9%) and are worse than the results from the best density functional theory methods or from the Møller–Plesset theory. The RPA shows significant basis set size dependence for binding energies. The order of the relative energies of the water hexamer and dodecamer isomers is predicted correctly by the RPA. The mean absolute deviation for angles and distances for neutral clusters up to the water hexamer are 0.2° and 0.6 pm, respectively, using quintuple-ζ basis sets. The relative energetic order of the hexamer isomers is preserved upon optimization. Vibrational frequencies for these systems are underestimated by several tens of wavenumbers for large basis sets, and deviations increase with the basis set size. Overall, the direct RPA method yields accurate structural parameters but systematically underestimates binding energies and shows strong basis set size dependence.
Jet characteristics of a double-structure oxygen lance and its interaction with the molten pool in BOF steelmaking
Authors: Jia Hongbin , Han Peng , Liu Kun , Li Yanxin , Ba Kaijie , Feng Lianghua
Published: August 2021

An oxygen lance represents a commonly used piece of equipment in converter steelmaking. Its jet characteristics and the interaction of these jets with the molten pool will directly affect the smelting effect and blowing time. This work investigates the oxygen lance of a 260 t converter in a steel plant. Through numerical simulations and physical experiments, the influence of the operating pressure, ambient temperature, top-blowing flow, lance position, and other operating parameters on the jet flow characteristics of the oxygen lance is studied. Furthermore, the oxygen lance interaction with the molten pool is analyzed. The results show that the operating pressure has little effect on the fusion distance of the jet; however, its size determines the impact force of the jet on the molten pool. In addition, the high-temperature environment causes the density of the jet fluid to decrease, the jet attenuation speed to decrease, the jet fusion speed to increase, and the degree of fusion to attenuate. Furthermore, the spray volume of the furnace mouth continues to increase upon increasing the top-blowing flow; by contrast, the spray volume first increases and then decreases as the gun position increases. The maximum spray volume of the furnace mouth occurs at the 35-de gun position; the diameter of the impact pit varies with the gun position. As the top-blowing flow increases, the depth of the impact pit increases with the decrease in the gun position and the increase in the top-blowing flow. The mixing time gradually reduces with the increase in the top-blowing flow and the decrease in the gun position.
On the utility of a well-mixed model for predicting disease transmission on an urban bus
Authors: Zhang Zhihang , Capecelatro Jesse , Maki Kevin
Published: August 2021

The transport of virus-laden aerosols from a host to a susceptible person is governed by complex turbulent airflow and physics related to breathing, coughing and sneezing, mechanical and passive ventilation, thermal buoyancy effects, surface deposition, masks, and air filtration. In this paper, we study the infection risk via airborne transmission on an urban bus using unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations and a passive-scalar model of the virus-laden aerosol concentration. Results from these simulations are directly compared to the widely used well-mixed model and show significant differences in the concentration field and number of inhaled particles. Specifically, in the limit of low mechanical ventilation rates, the well-mixed model will overpredict the concentration far from the infected passenger and substantially underpredict the concentration near the infected passenger. The results reported herein also apply to other enclosed spaces.
Size-independent peak external quantum efficiency (>2%) of InGaN red micro-light-emitting diodes with an emission wavelength over 600 nm
Authors: Li Panpan , Li Hongjian , Zhang Haojun , Lynsky Cheyenne , Iza Mike , Speck James S. , Nakamura Shuji , DenBaars Steven P.
Published: August 2021

Red micro-light-emitting diodes (μLEDs) have been generated significant interest for the next generation μLEDs displays. It has been shown that the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of AlInGaP red μLEDs markedly decreases as the size goes to very small dimension. Here, we demonstrate size-independent peak EQE of 611 nm InGaN red μLEDs. Packaged μLEDs show a peak EQE varied from 2.4% to 2.6% as the device area reduces from 100 × 100 to 20 × 20 μm2. These results demonstrate the promising potential for realizing high efficiency red μLED with very small size using InGaN materials.
Vibrational entropy-enhanced magnetocaloric effect in Mn-rich high-entropy alloys
Authors: Huang Shuo , Dong Zhihua , Dastanpour Esmat , Ström Valter , Chai Guocai , Varga Lajos Károly , Eriksson Olle , Vitos Levente
Published: August 2021

We investigate the AlxCr0.2MnFe0.5Co0.3Ni0.5 (0.3 ≤ x ≤ 0.7) high-entropy alloys by combining experimental and theoretical techniques. X-ray diffraction and magnetization measurements indicate that Al alters the crystal structure and the entropy change upon magnetization–demagnetization while keeping the Curie temperature almost unchanged. First-principles calculations of the vibrational, magnetic, electronic, and configurational entropies show that the leading entropy change is due to the magnetic and vibrational degrees of freedom. The presence of the body-centered-cubic phase, showing a sizable elastic softening upon magnetic transition, brings about the substantial magnetocaloric effect in this family of alloys.
H-BN nanosheets obtained by mechanochemical processes and its application in lamellar hybrid with graphene oxide
Authors: Queiroz Sara M , Medeiros Felipe S , de Vasconcelos Cláudia K B , Silva Glaura G
Published: August 2021

Nowadays, hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (h-BNNS) have shown promising results among 2D nanomaterials. A great effort has been made in recent years to obtain h-BNNS with a high-yield process to enable its large-scale application in industrial plants. In this work, we developed a mechanochemical method for obtaining h-BN nanosheets assisted by NaOH aqueous solution as process aid and aimed the ideal balance between yield, quality and process sustainability. Images obtained by transmission electron microscope suggested a great exfoliation of the h-BNNS in the range of 12–38 layers observed for well dispersed nanosheets. The macroscopic stability study, the polydispersity index, hydrodynamic diameter, and Zeta potential measurements suggested that material prepared in autoclave and ball milling followed by tip sonication process at 40 °C (h-BNNS-T40) could be considered the most promising material. The process used in this case reached a yield of about 37% of nanosheets with an optimal balance between quality and practicality. A hybrid lamellar material was also prepared by drop-casting and dip-coating techniques. An increase on thermal stability in oxidizing atmosphere was observed with respect to the pure graphene oxide (GO). Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy and RAMAN suggested the presence of chemical interactions between h-BNNS and GO in the hybrid. This fact supports the interest of extending the study of this hybrid (which has an easy preparation method) to further explore its applicability.
Application of Hierarchical Protection in Data Security of Internet of Things
Authors: Chu Liangyan
Published: August 2021

The traditional Internet of things data security focuses on the application of various security protection technologies, but this protection method is difficult to effectively cope with the growing protection needs and changing product forms. It needs to be constructed from two aspects of technology and management combined with the hierarchical protection system. Based on this, this paper first analyses the concept of Internet of things data security protection measures and level protection, and then studies the specific application process of hierarchical protection in computer Internet of things data security.
Research on the Application of Automatic Production Line Based on Computer Control Technology
Authors: Li Mingjun , Chen Deming , Wu Qing
Published: August 2021

Information technology and computer technology in every field of society are playing a huge role, in the field of automatic production, computer technology with its strong operation and calculation ability and data processing ability, further promote the centralized control of automatic assembly line. In the future, it is an inevitable trend for computer system to replace human control. The application of computer technology can not only greatly improve the control efficiency, but also save manpower and material resources to a greater extent, and promote the progress of production level as a whole. Computer control technology is a computer-based technology. It is of great significance to analyze the application of computer control technology in automatic production line. Just as technology has changed our lives, it has also changed the way we produce and work. Nowadays, with the development of computer technology, network technology, information technology and other high and new technologies, all fields of the society have undergone earth-shaking changes, including the field of industrial production. Now the industrial production has realized the automatic assembly line production, and in order to better control the automatic assembly line production, in order to ensure its production efficiency, safety and stability, it must be applied to the computer control technology. At the same time, the application of computer control technology also helps to save human and material resources, thus saving the overall production cost and improving the economic efficiency of enterprises.
Research and Development of Computer Control Technology Experiment System Based on Network
Authors: Wu Qiong , Li Mingjun , Chen Deming
Published: August 2021

The state has sufficient funds to invest in education. However, schools in some remote areas still do not have enough funds to set up offline teaching laboratories. In addition, the lack of experimental resources in the school also led to the failure of some teaching courses [1]. Many schools spend a lot of effort to build computer-based control laboratories. Even many schools have developed control technology test-bed in order to save cost. However, due to the large volume of the test bed, its handling is very inconvenient. In order to solve the above problems, experts propose to establish an electronic laboratory in the network. In order to help the experimental courses of mechanical and electrical majors in some schools go smoothly, the research and development of the experimental system of computer control technology based on network has been in progress. This paper briefly introduces the design scheme of network control experiment system and the operation platform of software. In the end, the problems that should be paid attention to in the operation of the system are also put forward.
Research on Real-Time Interactive Technology Based on Remote Design of Computer Engineering Cad Products
Authors: Chen Hong , Xu Ruijing
Published: August 2021

Through the construction of “real-time like interaction” model, CAD remote products co-design real-time interaction. This paper first describes the remote design of CAD products for computer engineering, and briefly introduces the basic structure of real-time interaction of CAD remote product design class and STEC standard for CAD operation command exchange, to provide readers with reference.
Research on Legal Issues of Computer Software Reverse Engineering
Authors: Xu Jing , Li Zhanfeng
Published: August 2021

With the development of computers, software has been applied in all walks of life. With the development of software, a lot of problems and controversies have appeared. For example, the emergence of software reverse engineering. Some people think that it has promoted the innovation and development of the software industry, and it has a great significance when promoting the development of science and technology society, but some people think that there are still some problems with the legality of reverse engineering. Therefore, it is necessary for us to learn from the advanced foreign legislation and make a detailed analysis of the conditions for the implementation of reverse engineering in our country.
Development and Application Research of Big Data Mining Technology Based on Computer Technology
Authors: Liu Zhendong , Luo Qun , He Ruiying
Published: August 2021

With the continuous development of the society, there are a lot of data information in various industries need statistical research. By using computer technology, a large number of data can be mined and developed effectively. This paper firstly explains the important role of computer software technology in the era of big data and its development in China. At the same time, it studies the development of computer data mining technology and the application of computer software technology in the era of big data for readers’ reference.