Model Kolaborasi Antar-lembaga dan Reformasi Tata Kelola Keamanan Maritim Dalam Menjaga Kedaulatan Indonesia Pasca Reformasi
Authors: Sudarto Sudarto 
Published: January 2025

This study aims to explore collaborative models of interagency cooperation and governance reforms in maritime security in post-reform Indonesia to safeguard maritime sovereignty. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data were collected through interviews with government officials, academics, and maritime security practitioners, as well as from policy documents and related literature. The results indicate that Indonesia faces challenges such as border disputes, illegal fishing, and increased piracy. Collaborative models like Task Force 115, which involves the Navy, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Maritime Security Agency, Water Police, and Attorney General's Office, have successfully enhanced coordination and law enforcement effectiveness in maritime security, particularly in operations against illegal vessels, contributing to more efficient law enforcement and government budget savings. However, challenges such as leadership changes and interagency coordination remain. The study emphasizes the need for maritime governance reforms to improve synergy among government agencies through the simplification of agency structures, strengthening cross-sectoral cooperation, and leveraging technology for operational efficiency. These measures are expected to optimize the management of Indonesia's maritime resources and ensure sustainable maritime security in the future. This research contributes new insights into the implementation of interagency collaboration models and the challenges of maritime security governance reforms in Indonesia.

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi model kolaboratif kerjasama lintas lembaga dan reformasi tata kelola keamanan maritim di Indonesia pasca reformasi untuk menjaga kedaulatan maritim. Menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengan pejabat pemerintah, akademisi, praktisi di bidang keamanan maritim, serta dari dokumen kebijakan dan literatur terkait. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia menghadapi tantangan seperti sengketa perbatasan, penangkapan ikan ilegal, dan aktivitas perompakan laut. Model kolaborasi seperti Satgas 115 yang melibatkan TNI AL, KKP, BAKAMLA, POLAIR, dan Kejaksaan Agung telah berhasil meningkatkan koordinasi dan efektivitas penegakan hukum maritim, terutama dalam operasi penindakan terhadap kapal ilegal yang berkontribusi pada efisiensi penegakan hukum dan penghematan anggaran pemerintah. Namun, tantangan perubahan kepemimpinan dan koordinasi antar-lembaga tetap ada. Penelitian ini menekankan perlunya reformasi tata kelola maritim untuk meningkatkan sinergi antar lembaga pemerintah melalui penyederhanaan struktur lembaga, penguatan kerjasama lintas sektoral, dan penggunaan teknologi untuk efisiensi operasional. Langkah-langkah ini diharapkan mengoptimalkan pengelolaan sumber daya maritim dan memastikan keamanan laut yang berkelanjutan di masa depan. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi baru dalam pemahaman tentang implementasi model kolaborasi antar-lembaga dan tantangan reformasi tata kelola keamanan maritim di Indonesia.