bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Coronavirus Impact On Online Purchases Behavior in Japan
Authors: Abdullah Alias , Azhari Mohd Sharizal , Mohamad Yusoff Aimi Aqilah
Published: April 2021

The COVID-19 outbreak has impacted almost every aspect of people’s lives in Japan. With the ageing society that more vulnerable to the disease that needs most people to stay home, the Japanese have been adapting to both the outbreak and the regulations. The declaration of a state of emergency since April makes the businesses and stores deemed non-essential to limit their operations. To limit places where people could gather, all schools, institutes of higher learning, and houses of worship were ordered to be closed during the period. Japanese have been spending more time online and have shown more willingness to purchase items online now. Changes in behavior such as needing to work from home or exploring new hobbies while staying at home also present new opportunities for eCommerce. COVID-19 is having a catastrophic impact on many non-essential products in Japan. With the environment being so different to pre-COVID time, COVID-19 has impacted the Japanese eCommerce industry in some ways. COVID-19 pandemic creates a new environment for the Japanese shopping and spending behavior that needs to be discussed further.
Family Medicine Supervisors’ Preferences for Improving Their Teaching Skills in Senior Care
Authors: Giguere Anik M.C. , Lebel Paule , Morin Michèle , Carnovale Valérie , Meudec Marie , Rodríguez Charo , Légaré France , Champagne Louise , Martineau Bernard , Karazivan Phillippe , Durand Pierre J.
Published: April 2021

Background and Objectives: Many clinical supervisors in family medicine feel ill-equipped to teach senior care to their family medicine residents (trainees). We therefore sought to explore their preferred learning strategies for improving their clinical and teaching skills with regard to senior care.
Methods: In this qualitative study, we conducted focus groups and interviews with supervisors from four family medicine clinics, to explore their preferred educational strategies. We selected four clinics using a maximum-variation strategy, based on a survey assessing continuing professional development (CPD) needs. The qualitative thematic analysis followed an inductive/deductive approach based on McGuire’s attributes of persuasive communication.
Results: The four focus groups and nine interviews with 53 supervisors (37 physicians, 9 nurses, 4 psychologists, 1 social worker, 1 nutritionist, 1 sexologist) revealed that supervisors preferred being trained by experienced trainers specialized in senior care, from various professional backgrounds, and knowledgeable about local community resources. They valued practical training the most, such as clinical case discussions based on real cases, clinical tools, and mentoring. The findings also suggest that training in senior care should be adapted to the supervisors’ experience, profession, workload, and scope of intervention. Supervisors valued repeated CPD with longitudinal follow-up and easy access to trainers and to up-to-date training content.
Conclusions: The findings of this project will allow those who design CPD activities to adapt such activities to the preferences of supervisors, so as to improve their clinical and teaching skills in senior care. This, in turn, may help supervisors to embody an appealing professional role model for learners.
Organisational leadership mindsets and human capital investment: Due diligence, ambicultural and Tao (Ti-Yong) perspectives
Authors: Fish Alan , Ma Xianglin
Published: April 2021

This is a conceptual paper, supporting due diligence (DD) in reframing organisational leadership through an investment approach to human capital and mindset. The aim — to enhance relations between organisations, their multistakeholders, and ecosystems. Ambiculturalism and Ti-Yong (体用) underpin the proposed frames. Western and Chinese organisations, provide an example. An investment perspective, as distinct from a cost to operations approach, is presented through two frames, as core elements reflecting a human capital investment (HCI)–leadership investment mindset (LIM) focus. The frames are supported by Tao (道) philosophy, through the Yin-Yang & five elements — 阴阳五行 — expressed as Ti-Yong (Lao-tzu, 1998; Cheng & Bunnin, 2002). A Western theory, dualities (Evans, 1999), is also employed. Seven (7) propositions provide direction for assessing the efficacy of the proposed frames. Data has not been collected, hence methodology is presented via what may be undertaken, to test the efficacy of two complex frames. A combination of multivariate techniques, including PCA, CFA, SEM (LISREL), and/or partial least squares-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) is recommended. Ringle, Sarstedt, Mitchell, and Gudergan (2020) propose PLS-SEM for HRM issues to address issues tied to, model complexity, estimating constructs, and deriving latent variable scores. The relevance of the proposed frames goes to enhancing organisational leadership thinking and subsequent organisational leadership behaviour, through a DD process. Professional practice applications are addressed
The Role of Social Capital in Developing Smallholders’ Beef Cattle in Bengkulu
Authors: Ishak Andi , Ramon Erpan , Efendi Zul , Wulandari Wahyuni Amelia , Kusnadi Harwi , Fauzi Emlan , Sastro Yudi
Published: April 2021

The government continues developing the smallholder beef cattle through various programs to reduce beef imports and increase farmers’ income. This research aims to describe the role of social capital at the farmer group level in the development of smallholder beef cattle in Bengkulu. The research was conducted from August to December in 2020 with an in-depth interview method involving 3 farmer groups receiving beef cattle aid from the Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Health of Bengkulu Province. The identification of social capital (norms, trusts, and networks) that affects the development of livestock populations and increases the capacity of farmer groups is analyzed descriptively using an interactive model. The results show that social capital has an important role in developing the capacity of the farmer groups to manage livestock aid, namely (1) the norm of raising livestock with a profit sharing system causes an increase farmer group’s livestock population, (2) the trust of farmer groups members is influenced by social ties and the role of farmer group leader, and (3) a good network of cooperation within farmer groups increases social capital and livestock population.
Back Matter
Authors: Shohibuddin Mohamad
Published: April 2021

Back Matter
Black esophagus: A case of acute esophageal necrosis associated with diabetic ketoacidosis
Authors: Kitawaki Daisuke , Nishida Atsushi , Sakai Keitaro , Owaki Yuji , Nishino Kyohei , Noda Yoshika , Imaeda Hirotsugu
Published: April 2021

Acute esophageal necrosis (AEN), commonly referred to as “black
esophagus”, is a rare clinical disease. Though AEN remains a rare cause
of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, it is a potentially life-threatening
condition. We present a case of AEN associated with diabetic
ketoacidosis.
Manifestation of Marine Lenhart Syndrome after failed Radioactive Iodine therapy
Authors: Essien Francis , Cheatham Callie , Elkins Blake , Tate Joshua
Published: April 2021

Marine Lenhart Syndrome (MLS) is caused by a coexistence of active
thyroid nodules and Graves’ disease1. Here, we present a case of
hyperthyroidism characterized by the presence of stimulating TSH
receptor antibodies, unsuccessful radioactive iodine ablation,
ultimately requiring Methimazole followed by thyroidectomy. We review
the current literature.
Rewilding with invertebrates and microbes to restore ecosystems: present trends and future directions
Authors: Contos Peter , Wood Jennifer , Murphy Nicholas , Gibb Heloise
Published: April 2021

1. Restoration ecology has historically focused on reconstructing
communities of highly visible taxa whilst less visible taxa, such as
invertebrates and microbes, are ignored. This is problematic as
invertebrates and microbes make up the vast bulk of biodiversity and
drive many key ecosystem processes, yet they are rarely actively
reintroduced following restoration, potentially limiting ecosystem
function and biodiversity in these areas. 2. In this review, we discuss
the current (limited) incorporation of invertebrates and microbes in
restoration and rewilding projects. We argue that these groups should be
actively rewilded during restoration to improve biodiversity and
ecosystem function outcomes and highlight how they can be used to
greater effect in the future. For example, invertebrates and microbes
are easily manipulated, meaning whole communities can potentially be
rewilded through habitat transplants in a practice that we refer to as
“whole-of-community” rewilding. 3. We provide a framework for
whole-of-community rewilding and describe empirical case studies as
practical applications of this under-researched restoration tool that
land managers can use to improve restoration outcomes. 4. We hope this
new perspective on whole-of-community restoration will promote applied
research into restoration that incorporates all biota, irrespective of
size, whilst also enabling a better understanding of fundamental
ecological theory, such as colonisation- competition trade-offs. This
may be a necessary consideration as invertebrates that are important in
providing ecosystem services are declining globally; targeting
invertebrate communities during restoration may be crucial in stemming
this decline.
Computing light pollution indicators for environmental assessment
Authors: Falchi Fabio , Bará Salvador
Published: April 2021

Light pollution modelling and monitoring has traditionally used zenith
sky brightness as its main indicator. Several other indicators (e.g.
average sky radiance, horizontal irradiance, average sky radiance at
given interval of zenith distances) may be more useful, both for general
and for specific purposes of ecology studies, night sky and
environmental monitoring. These indicators can be calculated after the
whole sky radiance is known with sufficient angular detail. This means,
for each site, to integrate the contribution in each direction of the
sky of each light source in the radius of hundreds of km. This approach
is extremely high time consuming if the mapping is desired for a large
territory. Here we present a way to obtain maps of large territories for
a large subset of useful indicators, bypassing the need to calculate
first the radiance map of the whole sky in each site to obtain from it
the desired indicator in that site. For each indicator, a point spread
function (PSF) is calculated from the whole sky radiance maps generated
by a single source at sufficiently dense number of distances from the
observing site. If the PSF is transversally shift-invariant, i.e. if it
depends only on the relative position of source and observer, then we
can further speed up the map calculation via the use of fast
Fourier-transform (FFT). We present here examples of maps for different
indicators. Precise results can be calculated for any single site,
taking into account the site and light sources altitudes, by means of
specific inhomogeneous (spatially-variant) and anisotropic (non
rotationally symmetric) PSFs.
An algal-bacterial symbiotic system of carbon fixation using formate as a carbon source
Authors: Zheng Yurui , Czajka Jeffrey , Daiek Carly , Tang Yinjie J. , Sun Liangliang , Liu Yan , liao wei
Published: April 2021

Algae are an attractive option for CO2 sequestration due to their
natural ability to simultaneously fix CO2 and accumulate algal biomass
for value-added products. However, the commercial implementation of such
technology for efficient capture of CO2 from fossil-derived flue gases
is not a reality yet due to several major challenges, such as low
gas-liquid mass transport efficiency and relatively high light
irradiance demand of algal growth. This study explored an
algal-bacterial symbiotic system to utilize formate, a potential
intermediate liquid compound of CO2, as carbon source to support
microbial growth. The algal-bacterial assemblage, after an adaptive
evolution using the formate medium, demonstrated a new route to
assimilate CO2 without using high pH cultivations and promote biomass
production under low light irradiance condition. The formate based
culture system not only resolves CO2 mass transfer limitation, but also
expels algae grazers in non-sterilized cultivation conditions.
Continuous cultivation of the assemblage on formate led to a carbon
capture efficiency of 90% with biomass concentration of 0.92 g/L and
biomass productivity of 0.31 g/L/day, which is significantly better than
the control cultivation on saturated CO2. In addition, isotope tracing
and microbial community analysis offer new insights into formate
metabolism and algal-bacterial symbiosis under light and carbon
conditions. This study demonstrates a promising route of using
electrochemical-derived formate to support algal biorefining.
Hydrodynamics of an airlift reactor for aeration in molten sulfur
Authors: Wang Junjie , Xu Xiao , Yang Qiang , Wang Wei , Li Yudong , Wu Shihan , Yang Haiqiang
Published: April 2021

An industrial-scale internal loop airlift reactor is used to remove
volatile gas from high-viscosity molten sulfur. The effects of the
superficial gas velocity and reactor height on the hydrodynamic
characteristics were studied. The gas holdup, average bubble diameter,
and liquid circulation velocity in the reactor under different
conditions were analyzed using computational fluid dynamics simulation.
The superficial gas velocity was varied from 0.0056 m/s to 0.05 m/s at a
constant reactor height of 15 m. The total reactor height was varied
from 5 m to 25 m at a superficial gas velocity of 0.0389 m/s.Based on
the correlation between the gas holdup and liquid circulation velocity
proposed by Chisti (1988), an optimized correlation between the gas
holdup and liquid circulation velocity was developed by considering the
influence of the bubble diameter. The results obtained using the
proposed correlation were compared with those obtained using the Chisti
correlation and simulation.
Integrated Traceability Approach for an Effective Impact Analysis
Authors: Gul Lubna , Imtiaz Salma , Munir Salman , Munir Majid , Khan Muhammad Ajmal
Published: April 2021

Change is inevitable, software undergoes continuous change during its life cycle. A small change can trigger high evolution because of the ripple effect identified during the activity of impact analysis. However, it depends on the traceability information, which is the connection between software development artifacts. The current traceability techniques lack the breadth and depth to carryout informative impact analysis. We have performed a detailed literature survey of traceability techniques from the year 2008-2018. These techniques are evaluated on the criteria for effective impact analysis present in the literature. The results highlight that no single technique fulfills the criteria for effective impact analysis alone, they can be combined together to achieve promising results. We have presented a hybrid approach that combines four traceability techniques to achieve the entire criteria for an effective impact analysis after careful evaluation. The techniques combined are: Information Retrieval, Pre-Requirement Specification Traceability, Value based Requirements Traceability Technique and Goal Centric Traceability Technique. Our proposed hybrid approach is empirically validated via a field experiment. Results are analyzed for time and effort utilized in maintaining and retrieving the traceability information. The results are promising as the hybrid approach achieves effective impact analysis within minimal time and effort. We plan to extend the validation to real world impact analysis situation via case study.
Drinking, Tap and Canal Water Quality Analysis for Human Consumption: A Case Study of Nawabshah City, Pakistan
Authors: Akhtar Faheem , Ahmed Mansoor , Akhtar Muhammad Naeem
Published: April 2021

The quality of water is of the utmost importance and vital concern for the human beings since it has a direct link with the human health and welfare. If the drinking water or tap water gets contaminated, it can result in severe health problems. For example, if the drinking water contains over the limit amount of fluoride then it can lead to bone deterioration and other bone related problems. The purpose of the present study is to carry out quality analysis of drinking and tap water in Nawabshah City. The analyzed parameters are pH, TDS, Total Alkalinity, Total Hardness, Calcium Hardness and Electrical Conductivity. World Health Organization (WHO) standards are followed in the present study. Total 18 drinking water and tap water samples were collected from 6 different locations in Nawabshah City. The parameters that appeared to be within the limits are PH and total alkalinity whereas TDS, total hardness, calcium hardness and electrical conductivity crossed WHO standard limits at some locations.
Plastic Fiber Optics Embedded in Concrete (to study its Light-Transmitting Properties) for Sustainable and Economical Buildings
Authors: Sobo Caroline A. , Farooq Sadia , Azhar Salman
Published: April 2021

Concrete, a material that can be used as a building material and at the same time when mixed with light source, can enhance the beauty of a space as well as open new ways to experiment with it. The vision behind the research is to contribute with the manufacturers who are having “vision of cities that glow from within” through the use of concrete embedded with optic fiber strands. The aim of this research is to determine light transmitting properties of translucent concrete embedded with plastic fiber optics. In this experimental study, the amount of light is calculated that is able to transmit through the concrete. The four concrete blocks of equal size but different in amounts of plastic fiber optic strands are made. The research concluded that the fiber optics has the good light guiding properties which allow light to pass through the concrete in sufficient amount. The concrete with plastic fiber optics is named as translucent concrete, provides endless varieties of applications, not only aesthetically pleasing, but it can also promote safety, privacy and security as well as integrate the idea of saving green energy in the construction industry.
Effect of Sprinkler and Basin Irrigation Systems on Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Canola Crop
Authors: Gul Nazar , Soomro Ashifa , Babar Muhammad Munir , Ali Jamali Liaquat , Abbasi Bilawal
Published: April 2021

An experiment was conducted to assess the yield potential and Water Use Efficiency (WUE) of Canola crop grown under sprinkler and basin irrigation techniques on a clay loam soil. The experiment was designed by the Principles of Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two treatments, viz. T1 (sprinkler irrigation method) and T2 (basin irrigation method), replicated four times. Marginal quality water with Electrical Conductivity (ECw) of 1.83 dS/m and pH of 8.2 was used for irrigation. The crop yield obtained under T1 and T2 treatments were 1,407.9 and 1,123.8 kg ha-1, respectively; 20% more yield was observed under T1 treatment. In the given order of treatments (T1 and T2), the Canola crop used 3,605 and 4,453 m3 ha-1 of irrigation water, hence, 19% water saving was achieved by T1 treatment. The WUE attained under T1 and T2 treatments were 0.39 and 0.25 kg m-3 respectively; therefore, 35.8% WUE was enhanced under T1 treatment. While comparing the agronomic parameters of the crop under the two procedures, all the observed parameters (plant height, number of branches plant-1, number of pods plant-1, pod length, number of seeds pod-1 and biomass plant-1) were superior in case of T1 treatment than T2 treatment. The soil Electrical Conductivity (ECse), Sodium Absorption Ratio (SAR), and Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP) increased, and pH decreased under both the treatments, however, the maximum increase in ECse, SAR and ESP, and maximum decrease in pH occurred under T2 treatment. Statistical analysis showed that the crop yield, irrigation water use, WUE, ECse, pH, SAR, ESP, and all the agronomic parameters differed significantly (p < 0.05) under the two treatments.
A Residual Analysis for the Removal of Biological Oxygen Demand through Rotating Biological Contactor
Authors: Daudpoto Muhmammad Rafique , Haider Talpur Mir Ghulam , Shah Feroz , Khooharo Aijaz
Published: April 2021

Regression is a statistical method that is generally used for forecasting and prediction. It helps us to estimate the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. This is the most widely used technique that best approximates the individual data points. It has found numerous successful applications in Engineering, Science, business and other fields. Getting average removal % of Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5) from greywater through Rotating Biological Contactor (RBC), following experiment was conducted in Sindh University hostels using different parameters such as Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) i.e. 2 hours (0.42 liter per min), 2.5 hours (0.33 l/min) and 3 hours (0.28 l/min) and multiple number of discs i.e. 40, 42, 44, 46, 48, 50 and 52. Consequences reveal that linear estimate of HRTs and numbers of disc are considerable whereas linear and quadratic estimates of number of discs are highly significant, which evidence the significance of time and discs. However, as p-value is greater than 0.05, hence quadratic estimate of HRT is not significant. By using coefficients of the table the regression equation is Removal = - 79.995 + 6.88 time + 2.90 disc, where the sample standard deviation is 7.151, coefficient of correlation is 0.86 and coefficient of determination is 0.742. Distributions of errors are approximately normal as probability plot of the residuals is approximately linear. Residual analysis shows that against each predicted variable, residuals plot falls approximately in a horizontal band symmetric and centered about the horizontal axis and against predicted y-values. Moreover, Residual plot shows the constant standard deviations and linearity assumptions appear to be met.
Effects of sulphur on the yield, yield component characters and oil content of oilseed rape
Authors: Rameeh Valiollah , Niakan Maryam , Mohammadi Mohammad
Published: April 2021

The effects of four sulphur levels: S0, S1, S2 and S3, including 0, 12, 24
and 36 kg S ha-1, respectively, along with 115 kg N ha-1 were studied on
yield-related traits of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). The significant
variance of treatments was determined for plant height, yield component
characters, seed yield and oil content. The sulphur application
significantly increased most of the traits compared to the S0 level. The S3
(36 kg S ha-1) treatment led to the highest mean value of plant height (132
cm) which was classified with S2 (24 kg S ha-1) in the same statistical
group. Sulphur had an increasing effect on pods per plant, and it ranged
from 92 to 196 for S0 and S3 applications, respectively. S0 and S1 with 92
and 121 pods per plant were grouped in the same statistical group. In
addition, S2, and S3 with 165 and 196 pods per plant showed no significant
statistical difference. The sulphur application significantly increased seed
yield compared to control (S0 level), and it ranged from 2744 to 3215 kg
ha-1 in S0 and S3, respectively. The average oil contents of 45.69, 46.96,
47.46 and 49.53 % were detected for 0, 12, 24 and 36 kg S ha-1,
respectively.
A comparative analysis of the profitability and technical efficiency of vegetable production under two farming systems in Nigeria
Authors: Ogunmola Omotoso , Afolabi Christiana , Adesina Charles , Ilechukwu Kelechi
Published: April 2021

Increasing agricultural productivity enhanced by versatile production systems
is critical for sustainable food security and economic development. The
study aims to compare the profitability and technical efficiency of
vegetable production and factors influencing the technical efficiency of
vegetable production between inorganic and organic farming systems in Imo
State, Nigeria. Primary data were collected using structured questionnaires
comprising 100 vegetable farmers using a multistage sampling procedure. The
budgetary analysis and stochastic production frontier model were used to
estimate the profitability and the technical efficiencies of the enterprise.
An average farmer realized N277,445.24 and N190,506.04 per hectare as profit
from inorganic and organic vegetable production and can potentially earn
N4.40 and N2.89 on every Naira invested, respectively. However, the
inorganic farming system achieved significantly higher returns than the
organic farming system. The mean technical efficiencies for organic and
inorganic vegetable farmers were 89.57% and 75.64%, respectively. Farm size,
labour and the quantity of seeds were the crucial factors that affected the
technical efficiency under both farming systems. Also, age, years of
education and farming experience were the significant variables that
influenced the technical inefficiency of inorganic farmers, whereas years of
education and household size significantly influenced the technical
inefficiency of organic farmers. This study advocates for subsidized inputs
for organic farmers to compensate for their lower yields and policies that
would attract young people to vegetable farming to increase the production
level.
Influence of particle size and density of pelleted samples of forest fuel on thermokinetic characteristics of pyrolysis and oxidation
Authors: Kuznetsov Geniy , Kropotova Svetlana , Islamova Anastasia , Lyrsсhikov Sergei
Published: April 2021

This paper presents the results of experimental studies of thermokinetic characteristics of pyrolysis and oxidation of pine needles, taking into account the influence of particle size and density of forest fuel in pelleted samples. The sample densities range within 206-955 kg/m3 (i.e. from typical sample densities to average ones for pressed pelleted samples), and the component particle sizes amount to 60-140 ?m. The range of studied temperatures is 20-1000??. The particle size and density of the material are found to be important parameters that significantly affect the kinetics of pyrolysis. According to the results of measurements, the activation energy of needles pyrolysis is within the range of 22.8-113.8 kJ/mol, and that of oxidation corresponds to 134.7-211 kJ/mol. Three intervals with significantly different values of activation energy and pre-exponential factor are distinguished in the studied temperature range. Approximation expressions are formulated for the activation energies of pyrolysis and oxidation as functions of forest fuel particle sizes, sample density and temperature.
Researches on leakage with lubricating oil using a composite multi-phase lattice Boltzmann method
Authors: Li Yuhan , Li Minxia , Hu Yusheng , Xu Jia , Ren Liping
Published: April 2021

In this paper, a novel model to investigate leakage of gaseous working fluid in pressured devices with lubricating oil was created with lattice Boltzmann method and Shan-Chen multi-phase model. A method to adapt actual pressure-density relation into the lattice via a self-adapting timestep and simplify the simulation of compressible fluid was developed. A model to simulate two-phased leakage with lubricating oil was created with a combination of Shan-Chen model and passive scalar model. The model can realize the phase distribution simulation in the leakage field without causing the pressure and the inter-phase interactions to overlap. This model is also able to be combined with other multi-phase models. After a group of preliminary tests of the model, the characteristics of phase distribution and leakage were investigated qualitatively. Five types of phase distribution in the simulation results were classified, which are: uniformed distribution, sphered drips, gas channel, blocked channel, and slug bubbles. The results of simulations show good conformance with actual leakage patterns. Preliminary discussions about the leakage features are made upon the results. However, these simulation results are only qualitative and cannot show the quantitative features in leakages. More experimental investigations should be carried out to realize correlations to the model.
Semi-derivative integral method to transient heat conduction: Time-dependent (power-law) temperature boundary conditions
Authors: Hristov Jordan
Published: April 2021

Transient heat conduction in semi-infinite medium with a power-law time-dependent boundary conditions has been solved by an integral-balance integral method applying to a semi-derivative approach. Two versions of the integral-balance method have been applied: Goodman?s method with a generalized parabolic profile and Zien?s method with exponential (original and modified) profile.
Improved incompressible SPH method for natural-convection from heated T-open pipe of Al2O3-water nanofluid in a cavity: Buongiorno’s two-phase model
Authors: Aly Abdelraheem , Ahmed Sameh
Published: April 2021

The unsteady natural-convection of Al2O3-water nanofluid form heated open T-pipe inside a cavity has been investigated by incompressible smoothed particle hydrodynamic (ISPH) method using non-homogenous two-phase Buongiorno?s model. Different lengths and heights of T-pipe shape are considered. The side walls of the cavity are kept at cool temperature Tc and the horizontal walls are thermally insulated. The Lagrangian description of the controlling governing equations is discretized and solved using improved ISPH method. In this study, ISPH method is improved using kernel renormalization function for boundary treatment plus modification in the source term of pressure Poisson equation. The source term of pressure Poisson equation contains the velocity divergence plus density invariance multiply by relaxation coefficient. The calculations are performed for variable lengths of T-open pipe (0.2 ? Lb ? 0.6), variable widths of T-open pipe (0.02 ? Wb ? 0.16), (0.02 ? Wt ? 0.16), and variable concentration of nanoparticles volume fraction (1% ? ?avg ? 10%). The obtained results showed that the maximum values of the stream function are reduced by 80.8% when ?avg is increased from 1-10%. Additionally, as lengths and widths of the T-pipe are raised, the average Nusselt numbers at the vertical walls are enhanced.
ANALISIS SUSUNAN MENU KANTIN KARYAWAN DI KYRIAD HOTEL BUMIMINANG PADANG
Authors: Putra Yudha Baskoro , Asnur Lise
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini berjudul.Analisis Susunan Menu Kantin Karyawan Di Kyriad Hotel Bumiminang Padang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini.adalah untuk menganalisis susunan menu di kantin karyawan Hotel Kyriad Hotel Bumiminang Padang. Adapun keluhan yang dapat ditemukan oleh peneliti adalah salah satunya yaitu cita rasa, tekstur,.warna yang kurang bervariasi.terhadap makanan yang dihidangkan di kantin karyawan Hotel Kyriad Bumi Minang Padang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian..deskriptif kuantitatif dengan metode survey Jumlah sampel.dalam penelitian ini adalah 66 responden. Cara pengambilan sampel.dengan menggunakan teknik non probability sampling. Jenis non probability sampling yang digunakan adalah sampling..jenuh. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner atau angket dengan menggunakan skala.likert. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan program computer..SPSS versi 20.00. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan.bahwa: Susunan menu..kantin karyawan Kyriad Hotel Bumiminang Padang berada padaakategori Baik dengan nilai persentase 27% yang artinya susunan menu di kantin karyawan Kyriad Hotel Bumiminang Padang sudah baik sesuai dengan keinginan danaaharapan dari karyawan Kyriad Hotel Bumiminang Padang.Kata kunci: Analisis,.Susunan.Menu, Kyriad Hotel Bumiminang Padang
PELATIHAN MENJAHIT DALAM MENINGKATKAN JIWA KEWIRAUSAHAAN PEREMPUAN DI PUSAT KEGIATAN BELAJAR MASAYARAKAT (PKBM) TIARA DEZZY SAMARINDA
Authors: Fitri Fitri
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pelaksanaan pelatihan menjahit di PKBM Tiara Dezzy Samarinda. Yang di tinjau dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, evaluasi, tindak lanjut dan hambatan-hambatan dalam pelatihan menjahit ini. Penelitian ini merupakan Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif, yaitu metode penelitian yang berlandaskan pada filsafat postpositivisme, digunakan untuk meneliti pada kondisi objek yang alamiah. Subjek penelitian ini adalah perempuan yang tidak bekerja dan yang sedang menyiapkan diri untuk bekerja tetapi tidak memiliki keterampilan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa : (1). Perencanaan pelatihan dilaksanakan tetapi masih belum maksimal karena tidak melibatkan seluruh elemen pelatihan. (2). Pelaksanaan menjahit telah dilaksanakan dengan maksimal. (3). Evaluasi meliputi evaluasi tutor dan evalasi warga belajar. (4). PKBM Tiara Dezzy memberikan pengawasan dan juga membuka usaha bersama bagi warga belajar yang telah menyelesaikan pelatihan. (5). Hambatan-hambatan pelatihan seperti tenaga tutor yang kurangdan sarana dan prasarana yang kurang.
Expanded uncertainty evaluation taking into account the correlation between estimates of input quantities
Authors: Zakharov Igor , Neyezhmakov Pavel , Botsiura Olesia
Published: April 2021

An expression for estimating the combined standard uncertainty taking into account the observed correlation between the estimates of the two input quantities is given. The Welch – Satterthwaite formula given in the GUM is analyzed. It is shown that the number of degrees of freedom calculated using this formula will vary over a wide range when the value of the correlation coefficient changes, and in some cases it may take an unacceptable zero value. An expression for calculating the combined standard uncertainty by the reduction method is given. It is shown that the number of degrees of freedom in this method does not depend on the value of the correlation coefficient.
A formula for calculating the effective number of degrees of freedom taking into account the observed correlation is proposed. The existing expression for calculating the kurtosis of the measurand is analyzed and an expression is proposed for calculating the kurtosis of the measurand in the presence of a correlation between the input quantities. An example of estimation of expanded uncertainty when measuring the coefficient of a pressure transducer using a calibrator is considered. Estimates of the distribution of the measurand, obtained using Monte Carlo simulation, showed that they are closest to the estimates obtained by the kurtosis method. The considered example showed that taking into account the correlation in the processing of measurement results makes it possible to reduce the expanded measurement uncertainty of the converter coefficient by 1.22–1.27 times.
Keywords: measurement uncertainty; correlation; effective number of degrees of freedom; method of kurtosis
Technical aspects of natural gas energy metering implementation
Authors: Kuz Mykola , Zamikhovskyi Leonid , Shulha Vitalii
Published: April 2021

In modern conditions, the issue of the quality of natural gas, including the development of gas energy measuring instruments, is becoming increasingly relevant. The Law of Ukraine “On the natural gas market” establishes the need for instrumental metering of natural gas “in order to obtain and register reliable information about the volumes and quality of natural gas during its transportation, distribution, supply, storage and consumption”.

In accordance with the “Rules of natural gas supply” in force in Ukraine, settlements with consumers for natural gas should be carried out in cubic meters, reduced to standard conditions and expressed in energy units. However, this contradicts the requirement of the “Technical Regulations on measuring instruments”, which state that settlements with consumers should be based on the results of measuring gas volumes read from the indicating device. However, the indicating devices of gas meters that are operated in Ukraine reflect the measured volumes of gas in cubic meters.

Currently, the requirements of the above regulatory documents are partially implemented, in particular, in full-scale industry and partly in the municipal sphere, the readings of measuring the volume of gas by the meters are being adjusted depending on the temperature and pressure of the gas.

The purpose of this work is to assess the regulatory requirements and technical possibilities of introducing natural gas metering in energy units in Ukraine.

It is proposed to use energy conversion devices to determine the energy of natural gas. A methodology has been developed for measuring natural gas energy by indirect methods based on measurements of the consumed gas volumes, air temperature around the gas meter and the results of measuring the calorific value of gas. The assessment of the metrological characteristics of the indirect measurement of natural gas energy has been carried out.

 

Keywords: natural gas; energy; volume conversion device.
Theoretical justification and practical aspects of implementation of Human Centric Lighting Program in production conditions
Authors: Serikov Yakov , Serikova Karina
Published: April 2021

The relevance of the introduction of HCL systems in production conditions, in which the dynamics of changes in the characteristics of light flux can be synchronized with the circadian biorhythms of the human body. This is determined by the fact that the unsatisfactory characteristics of industrial lighting increase the risk of injury and occupational morbidity. It is shown that providing only normative quantitative characteristics of illumination is not enough, since its qualitative characteristics – ripple coefficient, spectral composition cause non-visual effect of light. They can affect the psychophysiological state of a person, his\her performance, fatigue by affecting the circadian biorhythms of the body. The comparison of standard values of the level of artificial lighting of jobs in different countries with natural ones. Based on the analysis, recommendations were developed aimed at improving artificial lighting. The analysis of the results of the study of non-visual effect of the pulsation of the light flux on the psychophysiology of a person was carried out. Its main negative consequences are given, the necessary tasks for the implementation of the HCL program in a production environment in this aspect are identified. The results of analysis of studies of the influence of the color temperature of the light flux on the psychophysiological state of a person are also presented. Recommendations on the regulation of this parameter for various types of production activities have been developed.

 

Keywords: industrial lighting; NIF-effect; occupational injuries.
Development of a functional model of the temperature meter
Authors: Zaschepkina Natalia , Svyta Maxim
Published: April 2021

Thin-film platinum resistance thermometers of various designs and performance are widely used in various industries. The temperature measurement range of these sensors is from -200 °C to +600 °C.

A functional model of a portable digital temperature meter in the range from -50 °C to +300 ℃ based on the L416 sensor type Pt100 is proposed. The optimal circuit solution for connecting the L416 sensor to the Winston measuring bridge was selected. The proposed circuit solution is suitable for power supply from autonomous DC sources, which allows for miniaturization of the device and contributes to energy efficiency.

The amplification of the output voltage of the amplifier in the entire operating range of the analog-to-digital converter following the operating range of the temperature sensor has been performed, which allows obtaining the maximum resolution of the analog-to-digital conversion when measuring temperature.

A functional model for converting the resistance of a temperature sensor into a digital code has been developed. The functional model shows that the source code of the analog-to-digital converter does not depend on the supply voltage of the circuit, thus realizing the stability of the function of converting the resistance of the sensor into the value of the code of the analog-to-digital converter.

The sensor has a normalized characteristic of the dependence of resistance on temperature, so a precision resistance box MSR-60M has been used to calibrate the circuit of the temperature meter. With the help of the resistance box MSR-60M, it is possible to calibrate the circuit of the temperature meter with an uncertainty of 0.07 °C.

Keywords: temperature meter; RTD; Pt100; Winston bridge; ratiometric power supply.
CHANGES OF HORMONAL STATUS IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH MISCARRIAGE IN EARLY GESTATION TERMS
Authors: Lisova K. , Kalinovska I. , Tokar P.
Published: April 2021

Introduction. The article represents the results of the study of the placental hormone level during the early stages of gestation (5-20 weeks).

The aim of the study. To analyze the level of hormones of the fetoplacental complex in pregnant women with miscarriage, along with the dynamics of changes in these indicators. To evaluate the features of the hormonal status of women during law-risk pregnancy and  miscarriage in history and the impact of these features on the functional state of the fetoplacental complex and the subsequent course of pregnancy.

Material and methods. We examined 30 somatically healthy women with a physiological course of pregnancy (the control group) and 30 pregnant women with a miscarriage in history (the main group).

Research results. It was found that the content of estradiol, chorionic gonadotropin and placental lactogen in the blood plasma of pregnant women of the main group was significantly lower during the entire gestational period compared to the control group. Estradiol levels in pregnant women with miscarriage were 4.2 times lower than in healthy pregnant women. Placental lactogen levels in the main group of pregnant women were 6.1 times lower, and chorionic gonadotropin - 3.7 times lower compared with the control group. There was also a significant backlog in the growth of hormone levels as the pregnancy progressed. In its turn it indicates the development of placental dysfunction in women with a miscarriage in history in the early stages of gestation.

Conclusions. As a result of the described changes there is a violation of the first wave of cytotrophoblast invasion and, as a consequence, incomplete gestational remodeling of segments of spiral arteries. The walls of blood vessels are not completely replaced by fibrinoid and the formed placental vessels do not provide a constant flow of arterial blood into the intervillous space. As a result, the uterine-placental area and the formed placenta are not ready to meet the needs of the developing fetus. In the future, this can lead to perinatal losses.
Warlords, the United States, and the state of anarchy in Afghanistan
Authors: Azami Ahman Shah
Published: April 2021

As part of its “War on Terror”, the United States (US) provided immense sums of money and advanced equipment to Afghan warlords in order to defeat and dismantle the Taliban and al-Qaeda in Afghanistan. Nearly two decades after the 2001 US-led intervention in Afghanistan that toppled the Taliban regime, the US continues supporting the warlords in various ways. As the intervention was also aimed at establishing a functioning state and reconstruction of the war-torn country, the US needed the support of local warlords to achieve its goals. However, over time, warlords and warlordism became a major challenge to the post-Taliban state-building project and in many ways undermined the overall security and the state monopoly on violence. These warlords, who had been mostly expelled and defeated by the Taliban regime, returned under the aegis of the B52 bombers, recaptured parts of the country and reestablished their fiefdoms with US support and resources. They not only resist giving up the power and prestige they have accumulated over the past few years, but also hamper the effort to improve governance and enact necessary reforms in the country. In addition, many of them run their private militias and have been accused of serious human rights abuses as well as drug trafficking, arms smuggling, illegal mining and extortion in the areas under their control or influence. In many ways, they challenge the government authority and have become a major hurdle to the country’s emerging from lawlessness and anarchy. This paper explores the emergence and re-emergence of warlords in Afghanistan as well as the evolution of chaos and anarchy in the country, especially after the US-led intervention of late 2001. It also analyzes the impact of the post-9/11 US support to Afghan warlords and its negative consequences for the overall stability and the US-led state-building process in Afghanistan.
Game Design Education "Terjumlah" Using Kinect Sensor
Authors: Putra Yedija Prima , Nugroho Erdhi Widyarto , Prasetya Hendra
Published: April 2021

At present, the development of the game world is increasing. A lot of which utilize various sensors as input. However, many of these games have no educational value. Therefore, the game titled "Terjumlah" is designed, which has educational value, in this case math material. In the making of the game, collaborated using kinect sensor that can detect the movement of the user, to be more active and interactive.
The Information Systems of Boarding House Search Application In Soegijapranata Catholic University Semarang Based On Android
Authors: Widiastuti Anastasia , Nugroho Erdhi Widyarto , Widiantoro Albertus Dwi Yoga
Published: April 2021

Soegijapranata Catholic University is one of the private universities that exist in Semarang. Many students from outside the region are on their education at this university. Students from outside the area seek for the temporary residence or domicile or are often referred to as boarding houses. The increasing of the development technology makes it easier for humans to find all the information. Boarding houses search application helps facilitate students in finding information about boarding houses which are desired. This application can be operated on Android and there are printed the profiles and the facilities of boarding houses, so that users can use them easily, and equipped with GPS to find boarding houses locations, it is not easier to find the locations of the boarding houses. From the results of this study, 90% agree with the existence of a boarding houses search application. This application is very beneficial for various parties such as boarding houses managers can promote their own boarding houses and students are easier to find boarding houses information which is desired and they can choose from the lowest price to the highest price.