bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DEVELOPING THE COMPETENCIES FOR ORGANIZING EXPERIENTIAL ACTIVITIES FOR VIETNAMESE STUDENT TEACHERS
Authors: Nguyen Van Hien , Duong Thi Kim Oanh
Published: February 2022

Developing the competencies for organizing experiential activities for student teachers at Vietnamese universities is considered an urgent requirement to meet the mission of implementing the General Education Curriculum 2018. This article presents a theoretical study to identify some basic issues about the competencies for organizing experiential activities for student teachers. The concept of competencies for organizing experiential activities for students has been analyzed from the perspective of education. In addition, the framework of competencies for organizing experiential activities for students includes the following groups: competencies for planning, competencies for implementing plans, and competencies for testing and evaluating experiential activities. The skills development process is influenced by many different factors, including biological and environmental elements as well as educational and personal activities. In universities of education, the development of students’ competencies for organizing experiential activities can be done through the following forms: pedagogical subjects, skills training programs, pedagogical internships (practicum), collective activities, and self-development. The results of this study can be a reference for Vietnamese universities of education in revising their training programs in the current period.
PERSPECTIVE OF TEACHERS ON STUDENT BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT – CASE STUDY AT PRIVATE PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN HANOI
Authors: Vu Thi Mai Huong
Published: February 2022

Student behavior management is an important activity of teachers to ensure effective teaching and educational activities. Student behavior management is considered a basic skill that any teacher who wants to improve awareness and manage students must be able to do. The article used quantitative research methods combined with qualitative research methods to understand the actual behavior of students in private primary schools and strategies, as well as methods of teachers in private primary schools, adopted to manage undesirable behavior and encourage positive behavior. Participants in this research are 51 private primary teachers enrolled in the College to Master of Education with a specialization in private primary schools. Research results show that primary school students have many different behaviors in the teaching process, these behaviors affect the progress of the class and the classroom atmosphere, the relationship between teachers and students, and students with students. Teachers tend to implement an educational philosophy of positive discipline, and methods and strategies of student behavior management are student-centered. The methods and strategies used are diverse and popular. On the other hand, teachers also spend a considerable amount of time understanding the situation, creating close relationships with stakeholders, namely students' families, in order to have an appropriate way to manage student behavior. Therefore, behavior management methods and strategies are individualized for each student.
Differentiated instruction approach: characteristics and misconceptions
Authors: Phan Nguyen Tra Giang
Published: February 2022

The New General Education Curriculum (2018) was developed in the context that the whole Vietnamese education system is facing a change in the approaching mindset from content-based instruction to competency-based education for learners. Accordingly, differentiated instruction (DI) is an approach to make the process of achieving the aforementioned aim more manageable. However, in the reality of DI implementation, many teachers still feel afraid to organize teaching following this point of view because they think that there are too many challenges and difficulties that teachers will face, and at the same time, realize that teachers' knowledge about the nature of DI is still limited, leading to misunderstandings and poor implementation. In order to add a view for the theory of DI in Vietnam, this article focuses on describing the characteristics of DI as well as explaining certain misconceptions regarding DI.
Academic stress among Dong Nai University students
Authors: Nguyen Thi Bich Tuyen
Published: February 2022

This study was conducted to investigate the level and expression of stress in learning activities, and its relationship with the stress level among students at Dong Nai University by a cross-sectional survey. The research tools used include the stress sub-scale in the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21), and the Education Stress Scale for Adolescents (ESSA). Survey results on 254 students showed that 64.2% of the students showed signs of stress ranging from mild (23.2%), moderate (18.9%), severe ( 16.5%), to very severe (5.5%). Students showed mild level of stress according to the DASS-21 scale, and moderate level of academic stress according to the ESSA scale. There was a strong correlation between students' academic stress and stress (r = .539, p < .01), in which, the sub-components "Pressure from study" and "Self-Expectation" had a positive effect on the stress level of students. These findings are the basis for providing solutions to help the school improve the appropriate study and exam programs for students, and at the same time, help students determine their learning expectations and goals in accordance with their ability to improve their academic performance and mental health in the future.
English Education Master Students' Perceptions on Peer Feedback in Academic Writing
Authors: Wijaya Kristian Florensio
Published: February 2022

AbstractThis present qualitative study aimed to explore English Education Master Students’ perceptions on peer feedback in academic writing. One major reason for conducting this study was to shed more enlightenment for ELT parties in maximizing peer feedback activities in academic writing classes. Qualitative content analysis was utilized to attain clearer portrayals out of the specific phenomenon. To fulfill this research aim, 10 online Likert-scale questionnaire items along with 5 open-ended written narrative inquiry questions were administered to 15 English Education Master Students, Sanata Dharma University, batch 2019. The research results strongly suggested EFL educators continually cultivating peer feedback practices in academic writing activities in order to better promote more enjoyable, meaningful, and holistic learning environments in which learners’ target language and future life competencies are thriving more fruitfully. To a lesser extent, these specific research results can potentially give more enlightenment for globalized ELT parties with regard to the appropriate utilization of academic writing peer feedback activities in accord with graduate university EFL learners’ perspectives.Keywords: Peer feedback; academic writing, English Education Master students; qualitative content analysis
Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection by rapid urease test among patients with dyspeptic symptoms who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in a secondary care hospital
Authors: R. M. Sudarshana Sreramaseshadri , P. Shashidhara
Published: February 2022

Background: Functional dyspepsia is referred to wide spectrum of upper gastrointestinal symptoms which are nonspecific and without organic pathology of upper gastrointestinal tract, and accounts for >60% of patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of active Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection by retrospective review of patient records using only rapid urease test reports which gives us the magnitude of the H. pylori prevalence.Methods: 200 patients who presented with dyspepsia were studied clinically according to the proforma over a period of 18 months from April 2020 to October 2021, Patients underwent upper gastro-intestinal endoscopy under topical anesthesia, and biopsies were taken from the antrum. Biopsy specimens were immediately placed onto rapid urease test kit containing urea and an indicator. Positive test for H. pylori was confirmed by the change in color of the medium from yellow to pink or red and when the rapid urease test was positive, patient was considered as H. pylori positive.Results: Out of 200 patients, most commonly affected age group are patients between 18-35years and is more in males than females (48:36), 86 patients were found to be H. pylori positive (43%) associated with acid peptic disease and duodenal ulcers, gastric antral ulcers.Conclusions: H. pylori is a potential risk factor of gastric malignancy. After being aware of the prevalence of H. pylori by early detection of active H. pylori infections, rapid urease test serves only as a rapid screening tool in dyspeptic symptoms of patients with acid peptic disease than all other tests.
Political Economy of Trade Policy in Latin America
Authors: Cornick Jorge , Frieden Jeffry , Mesquita Moreira Mauricio , Stein Ernesto H.
Published: February 2022

Few propositions in economics are as widely accepted as the theory of comparative advantage: If two countries have a comparative advantage in the production of different goods and services, trade can be welfare-enhancing for both. But trade policy has always been controversial in Latin America, as it is not made by academic economists but by politicians who need to gather and maintain the support of constituents who in some cases have much to lose or gain from different trade policies. This book walks the reader through a complex thicket of contending interests and disparate political institutions to analyze why Latin American governments make the trade policies they do. Its chapters show how an array of different governments have attempted to navigate frequently conflicting interests and ideas, and how different institutional arrangements impinge on trade policy design and outcomes. It is to be hoped that the experiences analyzed here can inform the making of future policy and, perhaps, help improve it.
Evaluación del retroceso glaciar de la Sierra Nevada del Cocuy, Colombia a partir de la clasificación de imágenes multisensor
Authors: Molano Sergio Mauricio , Cardenas Diana Paola , Gómez Howard Snaider , Alvarado Dayana Mairely , Galindo Andrés Fernando , Sanabria Jeisson Fabian , Gómez-Neita Juan Sebastian
Published: February 2022

Los glaciares andinos representan una de las fuentes principales del recurso hídrico en Suramérica y durante las últimas décadas se han reducido significativamente como producto del cambio climático y la variabilidad climática. En los Andes colombianos, el pico nevado más extenso corresponde a la Sierra Nevada del Cocuy (SRC), un cordón montañoso localizado al noreste de la Cordillera Oriental con presencia de nieves perpetuas en alturas que oscilan aproximadamente entre los 4800 y los 5345 metros sobre el nivel del mar (msnm). A partir de imágenes satelitales de Landsat-4 (1987), Landsat-5 (1991, 1997, 2009), Landsat-7 (2000, 2003), Landsat-8 (2014, 2016, 2017), y Sentinel-2 (2019, 2021) se realizó una clasificación orientada a píxel usando el software PCI Geomatics, en la cual se definieron 4 tipos de cobertura: área glaciar, suelo-roca, vegetación y agua. Para la validación de exactitud (accuracy) fueron utilizadas como datos de referencia, imágenes satelitales de alta resolución espacial (Google Earth ~1,0 m y Planet’s high-resolution, analysis-ready mosaics of the world’s tropics ~4,7 m) y puntos de control de campo. Los valores de exactitud global (todas las coberturas) oscilaron entre 86-99%, con una exactitud para la cobertura de área glaciar entre 97-100%. La disminución de dicha área es de 1099,59 ha en un lapso de 34 años (1987-2021). Este análisis reveló que el área glaciar disminuyó aproximadamente en un 37,92% con respecto a la primera escena (1987). Según dicha tendencia, el glaciar de la SRC se extinguiría para el año 2048. La tasa de retroceso glaciar está influenciada principalmente por factores relacionados con el calentamiento global como lo son el aumento de la temperatura media anual y la disminución en las tasas de precipitación, y factores de variabilidad climática como el fenómeno de El Niño.
Sismicidad y sismotectónica para el sector norte del ámbito del Sistema de Fallas de Algeciras, Cordillera Oriental, Colombia
Authors: Chicangana-Montón Germán , Bocanegra-Gómez Alfonsina , Pardo-Mayorga Jorge , Salcedo-Hurtado Elkin de Jesús , Gómez-Capera Augusto , Vargas-Jiménez Carlos Alberto
Published: February 2022

Al Sistema de Fallas de Algeciras (SFA), se le han asignado cuatro sismos históricos desde finales del siglo XVIII, que en términos de magnitud recalculada desde análisis macrosísmicos tuvieron una magnitud M>6.5. Uno de estos, el del 9 de febrero de 1967, fue registrado instrumentalmente con Mw 7.2. En este trabajo se realizó un estudio del sector norte de este sistema de fallas entre los 3° y 4°N. Entre el 31 de octubre de 2016 y el 18 de julio de 2018, se presentaron cuatro sismos con Mw>4.8, que la Red Sismológica Nacional de Colombia (RSNC) localizó en el municipio de Colombia, departamento del Huila, asignándolos a fallas del SFA. Luego, en diciembre 24 de 2019, se presentó un sismo con Mw 6.0, que se asignó a la Falla Algeciras perteneciente al SFA en el departamento del Meta. En esta investigación se encontró que los sismos de la región de Colombia se produjeron en las fallas Altamira y Nazareth, las cuales son fallas inversas en un contexto tectono - estratigráfico diferente al SFA. El SFA al norte de los 3°N define en esta región el piedemonte llanero. Para las fallas Altamira y Nazareth, los mecanismos focales indicaron fallas inversas, mientras que en la región de Mesetas estos mecanismos obedecieron a fallas transcurrentes concordantes con el SFA. Dada la alta generación de sismos con Mw>5.0 en estas fallas en un lapso inferior a 10 años, se establece que su potencial sismogénico contribuye de manera importante a la amenaza sísmica del centro y el suroccidente de Colombia, sin embargo, en este trabajo se encontró además que la denominada Falla Algeciras, principal componente del SFA por la literatura, está segmentada y no es continua, por lo que se debe revaluar su potencial sismogénico.
Strategy for streamlining the workflow in architectural offices
Authors: Aggarwal Kajal , Fatma Noeen , Goyal Anu , Singhal Varad , Nagdeve Shruti S.
Published: February 2022

Purpose: The workflow in an office plays a significant role for an effective and efficient work output. It is vital to prepare a strategy for streamlining the work process by eliminating errors and improving workflow for increased efficiency and work output in an architectural practice. To increase operational efficiency, a firm must first understand how to streamline their workflow that add value to their daily tasks and practice time and communication management. The primary purpose of this research is to prepare a strategy for streamlining the workflow within the office and with the consultants for efficient, effective and mistake free work output.

Methodology: The research is approached by identifying the current trends of workflow management prevalent in architectural offices; identifying the issues and associated problems and finally developing an organized and streamlined workflow strategy. The research is structured initially with review of existing knowledge on the stakeholder and communication management, study of seven quality tools and their application in the given situation, followed by in-depth semi- structured expert interviews with practicing architects, and survey with a target population of practicing architects.

Main Findings: From the analysis, it is evident that the primary issue lies because of communication gap with consultants and subcontractors and lack of coordination within the office, followed by lack of work experience; lack of visibility and inadequate number of projects and Hiring of Team members. The research concludes with a list of recommendations that can be beneficial for effective and efficient workflow management for a startup architectural firm to reduce conflicts at the site and increase work output.
Evaluation of lymphoma patients after hematopoetic stem cell transplantation in terms of early period cardiotoxicity development
Authors: ÇELİKÇİ Sedat , OZKOCAMAN Vildan , YAMAN Fatih , ÖZKALEMKAŞ Fahir
Published: February 2022

Objectives: Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (AHSCT) following high-dose chemotherapy in recurrent lymphomas has become the standard treatment. However, this method leads to various toxic side effects, including cardiotoxicity. This study aims to determine the factors that may cause post-transplant cardiotoxicity.
Methods: A total of 35 patients older than 18 years old, diagnosed with recurrent lymphoma, who underwent AHSCT at the Uludağ University Hematology Department, were included in the study. The patients were evaluated in two groups, with and without cardiotoxicity after AHSCT. We separated the frequency of cardiotoxicity that developed during hospitalization after transplantation and patients who developed and did not develop cardiotoxicity. We compare some parameters including gender, age, lymphoma type, stage, cardiac risk factors before transplantation, the number of chemotherapy cycles and the use of rituximab before the transplantation, radiotherapy before transplantation, Karnofsky performance scale, the amount of Dimethyl sulfoxide among these patients. Also, we evaluated patients with echocardiopraphy before transplantation and measured left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF). We use CTCAE V 4.0 system for evaluating cardiotoxicity level from Grade I to Grade V.
Results: Nine patients developed cardiac events. One patient developed Grade V MI and died despite treatment. Other eight toxicities developed Grade III-IV and returned by treatment. In terms of risk factors, LVEF of the group with cardiotoxicity was found to be significantly low (p < 0.05). There is no statistical difference between the two groups with other parameters.
Conclusions: Cardiotoxicity is a frequent complication of autologous stem cell transplantation. A detailed pre-transplantation evaluation of all patents in terms of cardiac functions is essential to reduce cardiac morbidity. Therefore, patients should be evaluated cardiologically before transplantation and closely monitored for post-transplantation cardiac side effects. Some studies show that enalapril and carvedilol may be beneficial to prevent from cardiotoxicity. Although not in our routine, if approved by larger studies, it may be necessary to use agents such as enalapril and carvedilol in prophylaxis in reduce cardiotoxicity.
Varnost v lokalnih skupnostih – Ruralno-urbane perspektive varnosti v lokalni skupnosti v 21. stoletju: III. zbornik raziskovalnega dela študentov Fakultete za varnostne vede Univerze v Mariboru
Authors: Meško Jošt
Published: February 2022

Zbornik raziskovalnega dela študentov predstavlja tretjo serijo recenziranih prispevkov, ki so nastali v okviru predmeta Varnost v lokalnih skupnostih na magistrskem študijskem programu Fakultete za varnostne vede Univerze v Mariboru. Prispevki v zborniku so rezultat raziskovalnega dela študentov, ki je bilo opravljeno spomladi leta 2021. Prispevki so bili v aprilu 2021 tudi predstavljeni na četrti mednarodni študentski konferenci z naslovom Local safety and security – rural perspectives, ki je zaradi epidemioloških razmer v Evropi in svetu potekala v spletnem okolju. Konferenco v sodelovanju organizirata Fakulteta za varnostne vede Univerze v Mariboru in Pravna fakulteta Univerze v Črni gori. V okviru predmeta so študenti opravili pregled literature in sekundarne analize policijskih statističnih podatkov o varnostnih izzivih in policijskem delu v urbanem in ruralnem okolju ter jih dopolnili s svojimi predlogi izboljšav ali rešitev varnostnih izzivov v ruralnem okolju, ki velikokrat (žal) temelji (tudi) na lastni izkušnji.
Varnost v urbanih in ruralnih lokalnih okoljih
Authors: Gjergjek Adriana , Drobnič Kvartuč Živa , Gujtman Zala , Bozhinoski Stiven
Published: February 2022

Prispevek predstavlja področja zagotavljanja varnosti v ruralnih in urbanih okoljih v Sloveniji ter jih primerja z državami Evropske unije. Za zagotavljanje varnosti so odgovorni država in lokalne skupnosti, ki morajo, na podlagi zakonskih določitev, izvajati obvezne ukrepe, in prebivalci, ki s sodelovanjem in družbeno povezanostjo prispevajo k večji varnosti. Osredotočili smo se na javno, prometno, ekonomsko in socialno varnost v Sloveniji. Policija in občinska redarstva predstavljajo del javne in prometne varnosti, ki skrbi za formalni nadzor v okolju, medtem ko za socialno in ekonomsko varnost skrbi država predvsem z zagotavljanjem socialne vključenosti prebivalcev, dobrih življenjskih pogojev in pomoči posameznikom, ki zaidejo v stisko. Za izboljšanje trenutnega stanja smo v sklopu razprave predlagali nekaj ukrepov. Pri tem poudarjamo pomembnost ekonomskega stanja države, ki je ključno za financiranje področja varnosti.
Kriminaliteta in covid-19 – s poudarkom na ruralnih okoljih
Authors: Ravnjak Maruša , Poplašen Ana Marija , Knavs Kaja , Crnjac Mario , Naglič Mojca
Published: February 2022

Marca 2020 se je stanje v svetu spremenilo. Naenkrat smo bili primorani nositi maske, naša svoboda je bila omejena, šola je potekala na daljavo, prav tako se je uvedlo delo od doma. Zaprle so se marsikatere gostinske, kozmetične in druge dejavnosti. Uvedla se je policijska ura. Policija je svojo dejavnost usmerila v preiskovanje drugih kaznivih dejanj, saj se je pojavila nova vrsta kriminalitete, t. i. »korona kriminaliteta«, ki je povezana s pandemijo covida-19 in vključuje tihotapljenje, ponaredbe in goljufije pri nakupu raznih hitrih testov, zaščitnih mask ipd. Ker je pandemija covida-19 spremenila sam način našega dela, socialne interakcije, gospodarstvo in kriminaliteto, so bile spremembe vidne tudi v ruralnih okoljih, kjer so beležili porast nasilja v družini. Ljudje so nestrpni, prestrašeni, naveličani in se pogosto jezijo na bližnje, kar se lahko konča tudi tragično. Ukrepati je treba, preden se stanje, zaradi covida-19, še dodatno poslabša.
Glosa do wyroku Wojewódzkiego Sądu Administracyjnego w Bydgoszczy z dnia 18 sierpnia 2020 r., sygn. I SA/Bd 101/20
Authors: Brzeziński Bogumił
Published: February 2022

Komentarz poświęcony jest analizie wyroku Wojewódzkiego Sądu Administracyjnego w Bydgoszczy z dnia 18 sierpnia 2020 r., sygn. I SA/Bd 101/20. Rozpatrywane jest zagadnienie sposobu rozumienia art. 113 Ordynacji podatkowej, w myśl którego świadomość firmującego co do celu działania firmowanego podatnika przesądza o jego odpowiedzialności za zaległości podatkowe tego ostatniego. Autor krytycznie ocenia interpretację przepisu dokonaną przez sąd administracyjny, zwłaszcza w kontekście stanu faktycznego sprawy.
Podatkowoprawne kwestie odpowiedzialności inkasentów opłaty uzdrowiskowej
Authors: Wołowiec Tomasz
Published: February 2022

Inkasent jest zobowiązany do pobrania i przekazania podatku na rzecz właściwego organu podatkowego. Zakres odpowiedzialności inkasenta jest zawężony jedynie do sytuacji, w których należny podatek pobrał, lecz nie dokonał jego wpłaty na rzecz organu podatkowego. Jeśli podatek nie został przez inkasenta pobrany, nie ponosi on z tego tytułu żadnej odpowiedzialności –ani na gruncie przepisów Ordynacji podatkowej, ani Kodeksu karnego skarbowego. Za podatekniepobrany przez inkasenta odpowiedzialność ponosi podatnik. Inkasent odpowiada całym swoim majątkiem w sposób nieograniczony. Ponownie może on ponosić odpowiedzialność także majątkiem wspólnym z małżonkiem, odpowiedzialność orzekana jest decyzją właściwego organu podatkowego. W sytuacji gdy inkasent wpłaci na rzecz organu podatkowego podatek, którego wcześniej nie pobrał, może go dochodzić drogą cywilną. Zobowiązany jest także gromadzić i przechowywać dokumentację dotyczącą pobranych należności.
Kolekcjonowanie kontra szybkie konsumowanie
Authors: Siuda Piotr
Published: February 2022

Celem artykułu jest wskazanie, że kolekcjonerzy to specyficzna kategoria konsumentów. Konsumpcja potraktowana jest w artykule przez pryzmat przyspieszenia współczesnego świata oraz sytuacji, kiedy czas staje się coraz ważniejszym zasobem, jest go coraz mniej, ludzie skarżą się na jego utratę. Wynika to między innymi z tego, że zagarniany jest on przez producentów, którzy walczą i konkurują ze sobą o każdą wolną chwilę, jaką przeznaczyć im może konsument – we współczesnym społeczeństwie dominuje zatem szybka konsumpcja. Kolekcjonowanie również jest nabywaniem, przy tym niezwykle aktywnym oraz realizowanym z pasją, mimo to znacznie się od niego różni – ten, kto kolekcjonuje, podejmuje szereg czynności przeciwstawnych szybkiemu konsumowaniu. Zbieranie pozwala wyrwać się z kołowrotu ciągłego nabywania i usuwania rzeczy przez nastawienie na całościowość, długofalowość oraz wspólnotowość, jak również sakralizację kolekcjonowanych obiektów. Kolekcjonowanie wymaga dużych pokładów czasu nieskompresowanego kolejnymi aktami kupowania, czyli czegoś, co w słowniku coraz szybciej pędzącej konsumpcji praktycznie nie istnieje.
“If Things Really Go On as They Are at the Moment, Then I Will Work Illegally. End of Story.” Pandemic Realities in Marginalized Entrepreneurships
Authors: Tümpel Markus , Cardone Pia
Published: February 2022

Micro-enterprises and self-employed individuals have been hit particularly hard by the economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, but few studies have tackled the issue. This paper is based on four in-depth case studies of self-employed people from different sectors who have been greatly affected by measures taken to control the pandemic. By capturing shifts in the perception of institutional and economic pressures, as well as precarity after the outbreak of COVID-19, we gained profound insight into crisis management among entrepreneurs working in niche or marginalized fields of business. We found parallels in their biographies and attitudes, but their perceptions of the COVID-19 pandemic differ. We observed paradoxes and hybrid logic, as well as different ways of coping with the crisis. Having a “plan B” helped in some cases, while all of them benefitted from the solidarity of networks and communities.
Der Westabhang des Mont Lassois (Vix / F)
Authors: Ballmer Ariane , Schäppi Katharina , Della Casa Philippe
Published: February 2022

Der früheisenzeitliche Fundplatz am Mont Lassois bei Vix (Dép. Côte d’Or, Frankreich) ist insbesondere durch das ausserordentlich reich ausgestattete Frauengrab bekannt sowie durch die komplex befestigte Plateausiedlung mit Monumentalbauten und Importen aus dem Mittelmeerraum. Die Entdeckungen am Champ Fossé bereichern die bisherigen Kenntnisse zum späthallstattlichen «Fürstensitz» am Mont Lassois insofern, als dass sie den Blick für das Alltägliche im Kontext des Extravaganten öffnen: Bauarbeiten, Handwerk, Wohnen – dies zur kurzen Blütezeit der «Protourbs» um 500 v. Chr. Die Ausgrabungen haben zudem gezeigt, dass das Champ Fossé in der Mittellatènezeit platzartig umgestaltet und den deformierten Waffenteilen nach zu urteilen kurzfristig für Kulthandlungen genutzt wurde. Damit ist die am Mont Lassois bisher einzige archäologische Kulturschicht aus der Latènezeit belegt. In dieser Monografie werden die Befunde und Kleinfunde aus den Zürcher Ausgrabungen am Champ Fossé vorgelegt und in ihrem Zusammenhang besprochen.
O programa Ciência sem Fronteiras nas atas dos conselhos superiores da Capes
Authors: Cruz Viviane Xavier de Araujo , Eichler Marcelo
Published: February 2022

Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a política pública de mobilidade estudantil na graduação, que ocorreu por meio do Programa Ciência Sem Fronteiras - CsF, implantada em 2011 e suspensa oficialmente em 2016. A pesquisa, de caráter exploratório, analisou as 20 atas do Conselho Superior e as 40 atas do Conselho Técnico Científico da Educação Superior da Capes, órgão gestor do programa, publicadas de janeiro 2011 a maio de 2016, separando-as nos dois mandatos do governo Dilma. A análise de conteúdo, com apoio no software Iramuteq, evidenciou 5 (cinco) principais categorias emergentes (ou classes) a serem analisadas nas atas: Classe 1: Desenvolvimento Humano; Classe 2: Setor Privado; Classe 3: Orçamento e Execução; Classe 4: Proficiência em Inglês; e Classe 5: Desenvolvimento da Indústria e das Universidades. À luz da teoria do ciclo de políticas públicas de Stephen Ball, buscou-se discutir por que a política pública de mobilidade estudantil na graduação foi suspensa e não reorientada ou reformulada, e observou-se uma mudança de entendimento por parte dos conselhos da CAPES acerca do programa conforme havia mudanças de governo para, por fim, entenderem que, para desenvolver a indústria (um dos principais objetivos do CsF segundo o Decreto que o instituiu) deveria se focar não no desenvolvimento de pessoas em nível de graduação, mas em nível básico, pois seriam pessoas com essa formação de que precisariam para ocupar as fábricas. O Ministério da Educação chegou a sugerir priorizar ações de mobilidade de alunos de ensino médio, mas isso não chegou a se concretizar.
High-mountain lakes as indicators of microplastic pollution: current and future perspectives
Authors: Pastorino Paolo , Prearo Marino , Pizzul Elisabetta , Elia Antonia Concetta , Renzi Monia , Ginebreda Antoni , Barceló Damià
Published: February 2022

As a key component of mountain ecosystems, high-mountain lakes are recognized indicators of global change. In the analysis of the effects induced by local or global human activities, microplastic (MP) pollution is of critical environmental concern for mountain ecosystem compartments and for high-mountain lakes in particular. This minireview reports on current knowledge of MP occurrence, source, distribution, and characteristics in high-mountain lake ecosystems. The literature search returned only nine studies mainly from the Tibet plateau (China). Generally, the two most often investigated compartments were water and sediment, followed by snow and fish. Plastic particles were found as fragments and fibers of polypropylene and polyethylene, which are primarily utilized in food packaging and supplies brought by tourists and then discarded on site. Tourism and atmospheric long-range transport from lowlands were identified as the main sources of MP pollution. Precipitation events (snow and rain) were reported as key events in MP deposition and fallout. Further studies are needed to better understand the effects of MP pollution on aquatic food webs and ecosystem resources (e.g., drinking water) in these key ecosystems.
Excepcionalismo versus Pragmatismo: direitos humanos nas relações Brasil-Estados Unidos (1974-1979)
Authors: Lessa Antonio Carlos , Brito Santana Leal Juliana
Published: February 2022

Este artigo analisa a tesão que se produziu pelo contraste entre o excepcionalismo estadunidense e a chamada política externa do Pragmatismo Ecumênico e Responsável, formulada e implementada durante o governo de Ernesto Geisel. Ao promover a exportação dos valores de direitos humanos, o governo do Presidente Jimmy Carter esbarrou na contra-ação formulada e implementada pelo governo brasileiro. Foi a partir do questionamento “como se tencionaram as relações Brasil – Estados Unidos em decorrência dos contrastastes entre o excepcionalismo estadunidense de Carter e o pragmatismo ecumênico e responsável de Geisel?” como a exportação da agenda de direitos humanos estadunidense de Carter impactou a formulação da política externa brasileira de Geisel para o cenário interamericano?” que este trabalho calcou suas inquietações iniciais. Foi utilizado o método de revisão bibliográfica e análise documental objetivando uma análise acerca da receptividade brasileira ao discurso de exportação de valores liberais empreendido por Carter e, devido à isso, às alternativas retóricas que o governo brasileiro oferecia quando pressionado em temas de direitos humanos.
The Ecology of Plant Interactions: A Giant with Feet of Clay
Authors: Cabal Ciro , Valladares Fernando , Martinez-Garcia Ricardo
Published: February 2022

Ecologists use the net biotic interactions among plants to predict fundamental ecosystem features. Following this approach, ecologists have built a giant body of theory founded on observational evidence. However, due to the limitations that a phenomenological approach raises both in empirical and theoretical studies, an increasing number of scientists claim the need for a mechanistic understanding of plant interaction outcomes, and a few studies have taken such a mechanistic approach. In this synthesis, we propose a modeling framework to study the plant interaction mechanistically. We first establish a conceptual ground to frame plant-plant interactions, and then, we propose to formalize this research line theoretically developing a family of individual-based, spatially-explicit models in which biotic interactions are an emergent property mediated by the interaction between plants’ functional traits and the environment. These models allow researchers to evaluate the strength and sign of biotic interactions under different environmental scenarios and thus constitute a powerful tool to investigate the mechanisms underlying facilitation, species coexistence, or the formation of vegetation spatial patterns.
A Hybrid Model for Similarity Measurement of Twitter Profiles
Authors: Shoeibi Niloufar , Shoeibi Nastaran , Chamoso Pablo , AlizadehSani Zakie , Corchado Juan M.
Published: February 2022

Social media platforms have been entirely an undeniable part of the lifestyle for the past decade. Analyzing the information being shared is a crucial step to understanding human behavior. Social media analysis aims to guarantee a better experience for the user and risen user satisfaction. For deriving any further conclusion, first, it is necessary to know how to compare users. In this paper, a hybrid model has been proposed to measure Twitter profiles’ similarity and quantifies the likeness degree of profiles by calculating features considering users’ behavioral habits. For this, first, the timeline of each profile has been extracted using the official TwitterAPI. Then, in parallel, three aspects of a profile are deliberated. Behavioral ratios are time-series-related information showing the consistency and habits of the user. Dynamic time warping has been utilized to compare the behavioral ratios of two profiles. Next, the audience network is extracted for each user, and for estimating the similarity of two sets, Jaccard similarity is used. Finally, for the Content similarity measurement, the tweets are preprocessed respecting the feature extraction method; TF-IDF and DistilBERT for feature extraction are employed and then compared using the cosine similarity method. Results have shown that TF-IDF has slightly better performance; therefore, the more straightforward solution is selected for the model. Similarity level of different profiles. As in the case study, a Random Forest classification model was trained on almost 20000 users revealed a 97.24% accuracy. This comparison enables us to find duplicate profiles with nearly the same behavior and content.
Stabilization of Terminal Voltage and Damping the Mechanical Angle Oscillations in Single-Machine Infinite-Bus Power System Using MISO Fuzzy Controllers
Authors: M.A.S. Mahmoud Muhammad
Published: February 2022

Abstract. This article proposes new fuzzy controller to regulation the voltage, damp the oscillations and limit the overshoot behavior in single-machine infinite-bus power system. Two different independent MISO fuzzy controllers are designed. First controller, is voltage stabilizer and it composes of two adaptive fuzzy modules and proportional gain AVR. The voltage stabilizer is designed to regulate the terminal voltage, damp the voltage oscillation and limit the voltage overshoot to the industrial maximum allowable limit. The input signals of this stabilizer is are taken from the terminal voltage and the imposed voltage disturbance that can be read from any smart relay. The fuzzy output is used as feedback signal to control the AVR in order to achieve stabilized voltage equal to the reference voltage. The second fuzzy controller is designed with two input signals; “mechanical angle” and its derivative, and one output which is used as feedback signal to adapt the damping torque in order to damp the mechanical oscillation fast and with maximum overshoot not exceeding 10%, and hence damp the power angle oscillation that is important in the PSS improvement. MATLAB-SIMULINK was used for modelling and the test cases simulation. The results show very good performance for the proposed fuzzy controllers.
Identification, Treatment, Initial and Long-Term Results of Chronic Muscle Spasm Induced Chronic Pain Treated with the CMECD Procedure
Authors: Coletti Roger Howard
Published: February 2022

: This article was not intended to be a complete report of a standard clinical trial. It is a report of the outcomes of preliminary data for validation of the CMECD procedure (Coletti Method of EMG ChemoDenervation) protocol for the treatment of chronic pain resulting from chronic muscle spasm. Methods are here detailed on how to approach the patient with chronic pain, identify the presence of chronic muscle spasm, undertake the treatment protocol and how to perform the follow up process to confirm that chronic pain secondary to chronic muscle spasm was the accurate diagnosis. Furthermore, this article presents the results of a cohort of more than 90 patients treated by the CMECD procedure regarding location and duration of prior pain, prior treatment strategies, degree of success in resolving pain and duration of relief. Outcome data consisting of patient and staff reporting of specific situations in which the chronic pain treatment was successful has been included to help establish the “believability” of outcome successes and to elucidate the potential life altering effects of successful treatment of chronic pain secondary to chronic muscle spasm. This article will hopefully increase the interest in this treatment protocol and increase the chance that a classical international clinical trial will be undertaken.
Associations between Taste and Smell Sensitivity, Preference, and Quality of Life in Healthy Aging - The NutriAct Family Study Examinations (NFSE) Cohort
Authors: Lim Shirley X. L. , Höchenberger Richard , Busch Niko A , Bergmann Manuela , Ohla Kathrin
Published: February 2022

Taste and smell function decline with age, with robust impairment in the very old. Much less is known about taste and smell function in young and middle old. We investigated taste and smell sensitivity via thresholds in a sub-sample of the NutriAct Family Study (NFS), the NFS Examinations cohort (NFSE; N=251, age M=62.5 years). We examined different aspects relating to taste and smell function: the degree to which taste and smell sensitivity relate to another and to taste and smell preferences, the role of gender and age, as well as effects on Quality of Life (QOL). Taste thresholds were highly correlated but no correlation was observed between taste and smell thresholds and between thresholds and preference. Women were more sensitive for both taste and smell than men. We found no effect of age on sensitivity and no effect of sensitivity on QoL. All null-findings were corroborated with Bayesian statistics providing evidence for the null hypotheses. Together our results indicate the independence of taste and smell despite their overlap during sensorial experiences. We found no evidence for age-related sensory decline, which could be due to our sample´s characteristics of non-clinical volunteers with good dental health and 93% non-smokers.
Structuring a BIM Service Scoping, Tendering, Executing, and Wrapping-up (STEW) Guide for Public Owners
Authors: Ock Jongho , Park Kyoung-Jun
Published: February 2022

Building Information Modeling (BIM) has been one of the overwhelming trends in the worldwide. In Korea, from 2012, BIM application to the public construction projects worth more than $40 million was mandated. However, despite the policy, many public owners have hesitated to apply BIM to their projects. They generally view BIM very complex to manage and difficult to understand. While there have been diverse BIM guides as a reference, most of them have developed from BIM suppliers’ perspective involving certain deficiency in meeting the public owners’ taste. The public owners have addressed the necessity for developing an owner-oriented BIM guide on which they can understand the overall BIM procurement process thereby efficiently preparing their BIM service contracts. The main objective of this study is to develop the structure and contents guidance of the new guide to be developed that follows the public business process and mitigates the deficiency. To meet the research objective, a number of domestic and international BIM guides were analyzed and workshops were operated twice with the 12 BIM experts from the Korean construction industry. As a result of the study, a four-staged guide structure was developed consisting of the BIM service Scoping, Tendering, Executing, and Wrapping-up (STEW) guides.
Comparative Analysis of the pIgR Gene from the Antarctic Teleost Trematomus bernacchii Revealed Distinctive Features of Cold Adapted Notothenioidei
Authors: Ametrano Alessia , Picchietti Simona , Guerra Laura , Giacomelli Stefano , Oreste Umberto , Coscia Maria Rosaria
Published: February 2022

Previously, we identified and characterized the IgM and IgT classes in the Antarctic teleost Trematomus bernacchii, a species belonging to the Perciform suborder Notothenoidei. Herein we characterized the gene encoding the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) in the same species and compared it to pIgR of multiple teleost species belonging to five perciform suborders, including 11 Antarctic and one non-Antarctic (Cottoperca gobio) notothenioid species, the latter living in less cold periantarctic sea. Analysis of T. bernacchii pIgR cDNA unveiled multiple amino acid substitutions unique to Antarctic species, all introducing adaptive features, including N-glycosylation sequons. Interestingly, C. gobio shared most features with the other perciforms rather than with the cold adapted relatives. T. bernacchii pIgR transcripts were predominantly expressed in mucosal tissues, as indicated by q-PCR and in situ hybridization analysis. These results suggest that in cold adapted species pIgR preserved its fundamental role in mucosal immune defense, although remarkable gene structure modifications occurred.
Proof of Equivalence of Carnot Principle to II Law of Thermodynamics and Non-equivalence to Clausius I and Kelvin Principles
Authors: Koczan Grzegorz M.
Published: February 2022

The II law of thermodynamics is most often given in three supposedly equivalent formulations: two Clausius (I and II) and one Kelvin. The most general and indisputable entropy formulation belong to Clausius (II). The earlier Clausius I principle determines the natural direction heat flow between bodies at different temperatures. On the other hand, the Kelvin principle states that it is impossible to completely convert heat into work. The author argues that the Kelvin principle is a weaker statement (or more strictly non-equivalent) than Clausius I principle, and the latter is a weaker statement than Carnot principle, which is equivalent to Clausius II principle. As a result, the Kelvin principle and the Clausius I principle are not exhaustive formulations of the II law of thermodynamics. At the same time, it turns out that the Carnot principle becomes such a formulation. Apart from providing a complete set of proof and disproof, the author, indicates where the methodological errors were made in the alleged proof of the equivalence of the Kelvin principle and both Clausius principles.
New Trends in Consumption in Poland as Shown by the Example of a Freeshop Concept
Authors: Poszewiecki Andrzej , Czerepko Joanna
Published: February 2022

According to a number of authors, current social-economic and environmental problems require radical solutions, including the change of our approach to economy and looking for new models of its functioning. In Poland such trends are being recognised as well, having their reflection in the economic life. An approach described in this article concerns an intermediate sharing model, which may be placed between the most archetypical sharing, which is applied, among other, in family relationships, and sharing platforms that are raising growing controversies, such as UBER and Airbnb. The article uses the analysis of solutions applied in this regard in Poland and a survey carried out among students of the Faculty of Economics, University of Gdańsk, aimed at determining factors that affect changes in consumer behaviour.
Identification of CT Attenuation Values that Could be Predictive of Necrosis (N-CTav) in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Tumors after Lenvatinib Treatment and the Association between the N-CTav Occupancy Rate in the Tumor and Maintenance of Complete Response with Lenvatinib Treatment
Authors: Chuma Makoto , Yokoo Hideki , Hiraoka Atsushi , Ueda Kazuhiko , Yokoyama Takahiro , Tsuji Kunihiko , Shimada Noritomo , Uojima Haruki , Kobayashi Satoshi , Hattori Nobuhiro , Okubo Tomomi , Atsukawa Masanori , Ishikawa Toru , Takaguchi Koichi , Tsutsui Akemi , Toyoda Hidenori , Tada Toshifumi , Saito Yoshinori , Hirose Shunji , Tanaka Takaaki , Takeda Kazuhisa , Otani Masako , Sekikawa Zenjiro , Watanabe Tsunamasa , Hidaka Hisashi , Morimoto Manabu , Numata Kazushi , Kagawa Tatehiro , Sakamoto Michiie , Kumada Takashi , Maeda Shin
Published: February 2022

Purpose: To assess the utility of measurement of the computed tomography (CT) attenuation value (CTav) in predicting tumor necrosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients who achieve a complete response (CR), defined using modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST), after lenvatinib treatment. Method: We compared CTav in arterial phase CT images with postoperative histopathology in four patients who underwent HCC resection after lenvatinib treatment, to determine CTav thresholds indicative of histological necrosis (N-CTav). Next, we confirmed the accuracy of the determined N-CTav in 15 cases with histopathologically proven necrosis in surgical specimens. Furthermore, the percentage of the tumor with N-CTav, i.e. the N-CTav occupancy rate, assessed using Image J software in 30 tumors in 12 patients with CR out of 571 HCC patients treated with lenvatinib, and its correlation with local recurrence following CR were examined. Results: Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed an optimal cut-off value of CTav of 30.2 HU, with 90.0% specificity and 65.0% sensitivity in discriminating between pathologically identified necrosis and degeneration, with a CTav of less than 30.2 HU indicating necrosis after lenvatinib treatment (N30-CTav). Furthermore, the optimal cut-off value of 30.6% for the N30-CTav occupancy rate by ROC analysis was a significant indicator of local recurrence following CR with 76.9% specificity and sensitivity (area under the ROC curve; 0.939), with the CR group with high N30-CTav occupancy (>30.6%) after lenvatinib treatment showing significantly lower local recurrence (8.3% at 1 year) compared with the low (<30.6%) N30-CTav group (P<0.001, 61.5% at 1 year). Conclusion: The cut-off value of 30.2 HU for CTav (N30-CTav) might be appropriate for identifying post-lenvatinib necrosis in HCC, and an N30-CTav occupancy rate of >30.6% might be a　predictor of maintenance of CR. Use of these indicators have the potential to impact systemic chemotherapy for HCC.
On the Ray-Wavefront Duality
Authors: Diaz-Cano Antonio , Gonzalez-Gascon Francisco , Sanchez-Soto Luis
Published: February 2022

We investigate the behavior of the solutions of the ray equation in isotropic media. We discuss local and global transversals and wavefronts and give examples of rays without wavefronts.