bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inflammation as a link between depression and metabolic syndrome
Authors: Gorbunova A. P. , Rukavishnikov G. V. , Mazo G. E.
Published: December 2024

Depression makes a major contribution to the overall global burden of disease, including the increased risk of a wide range of concomitant somatic pathology. А high percentage of mortality in psychiatric patients is attributed to physical diseases, mainly cardiovascular (CVD). Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is one of the risk factors for both the CVD and a frequent comorbid depression. The purpose of this review is to systematize data on the relationship between MetS and depression, in particular, on the shared pathogenetic mechanisms as systemic inflammation. The manuscript evaluates the issue of the use of hematological indices of systemic inflammation (HISIs) in the diagnosis of both MetS and affective pathology, and also provides data on new combined indicators, including the cellular link and lipidogram parameters. The latter include the ratios of lymphocytes and high-density lipoproteins (HDL) (Lymphocyte To High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio, LHR), neutrophils/HDL (Neutrophil To High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio, NHR), platelets/HDL (Platelet To High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio, PHR) and monocytes/HDL (Monocyte To High Density Lipoprotein Ratio, MHR). Understanding the relationship between hematological indices and metabolic syndrome in patients with depression can help identify individuals at high risk and identify timely preventive measures. Various clinical trials and studies indicate a link between hematological parameters and metabolic syndrome, but the question of choosing the most effective coefficients remains open. Further study of the problem can help identify potential risks of comorbid disorders and perform adequate preventive strategies.
Psychological characteristics of the microsocial environment as predictors of remission among patients with depressive and anxiety neurotic disorders
Authors: Bocharov V. V. , Shishkova A. M. , Dubinina E. A. , Karavaeva T. A. , Starunskaya D. A. , Chernaya Yu. S. , Saraykin D. M. , Vinnikova A. Yu.
Published: December 2024

The wide representation among the Russian population of depressive and anxiety disorders, manifested both in the form of independent nosological forms and in the form of comorbid conditions, determines the importance of studying the factors that determine their etiopathogenesis. The patient’ microsocial environment is traditionally considered as a significant predictor, largely determining the course of depressive and anxiety disorders. At the same time, there is a lack of studies revealing the ratio of the psychological content of relatives’ experiences with the severity of symptoms and clinical dynamics of the patient’s condition.

The aim of the study was to determine the value of the psychological characteristics of the microsocial environment of patients with depressive and anxiety disorders for predicting the clinical dynamics of their condition during inpatient treatment and in catamnesis (six months after discharge). Based on the investigation of 50 patients (17 men, 33 women, average age 27.81 [SD = 9.96] years) and 50 relatives (16 men, 34 women, average age 48.04 [SD = 11.45] years), it was shown that the nature of the relationship to the disease of a loved one and the perception of family situation by relative are interrelated with indicators reflecting the dynamics of patients’ remission. In particular, emotional support from a loved one contributes to the of the patient’s is improvement at the inpatient treatment phase. And the presence of understandable family rules, orderliness, hierarchical relationships, as well as attention to moral aspects in the family contributes to the stabilizatioin of remission in a delayed perspective.

The data obtained indicate the importance of a systematic approach in the psychotherapy of depressive and anxiety disorders, taking into account both the individual psychological characteristics of patients and the characteristics of their microsocial environment.
Anhedonia in the structure of post-COVID syndrome in psychiatric inpatients: the probable role of obesity, systemic inflammation, vascular disregulation and general therapeutic comorbidity
Authors: Lutova N. B. , Neznanov N.. G. , Shabelnik A. V. , Gerasimchuk E. S. , Bocharova M. O. , Sorokin M. Yu.
Published: December 2024

COVID-19 caused not only acute but also delayed neuropsychiatric disorders. A highly probable manifestation of the latter may be physical anhedonia, since this transnosological psychopathological phenomenon is associated with a violation of metabolic and neuroinflammatory processes. The goal. To identify the prevalence of physical anhedonia in the clinic of post-COVID syndrome and to assess the association of this transnosological psychopathological symptom with concomitant somatic burden, the severity of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and the time elapsed since the disease. Materials and Methods. The prevalence of acute and delayed neuropsychiatric symptoms was assessed in 48 psychiatric inpatients with severe mental disorders depending on the history of COVID-19. Quantitative and qualitative assessment was carried out by self-reporting on the number of simultaneously present groups of chronic diseases, and the severity of obesity was objectively assessed - by body mass index, dysregulation of vascular tone-by blood pressure variability, systemic inflammation - by sed rate and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR). Physical anhedonia was detected using the Russian-language version of the Revised physical anhedonia scale (RPAS). Results. The association between the severity of COVID-19 and the severity of anhedonia, as a probable component of post-COVID syndrome, was confirmed. The total general therapeutic burden was the most important predictor of acute and delayed neuropsychiatric symptoms against the background of COVID-19. The probable role of metabolic syndrome, systemic inflammation and vascular tone was shown in the development of late disorders after coronavirus infection. Conclusion. The role of general therapeutic burden (including obesity, vascular dysregulation and systemic inflammation) in the development of anhedonia in patients with mental disorders who have had COVID-19 has been demonstrated.
Metabolic syndrome in adolescents with mental disorders: diagnostics, prevention and treatment
Authors: Prusova T. I. , Lepik O. V. , Kosterin D. N. , Yakovleva Yu. A. , Popov M. Yu.
Published: December 2024

Over the past decades the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) among adolescents has increased significantly. Psychiatric disorders and treatment with psychopharmacological drugs are among the risk factors for the development of MS. The risks of drug-induced metabolic disturbances in adolescents are higher than in adults. Conversely, potential reversibility of MS at its initial stages emphasizes the importance of early detection and treatment. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the available data on the diagnostics, prevention and treatment of MS in adolescents with mental disorders. Medline and RSCI electronic databases were searched to identify relevant sources of information. Synthesis of information based on 157 publications demonstrates the lack of universally accepted criteria for the diagnosis of MS in adolescents and the limited data on effective preventive or therapeutic interventions. In this review the diagnostics of the components of MS and associated disturbances in adolescents are overviewed, pharmacological and nonpharmacological approaches to MS prophylaxis and treatment are discussed. The results of the reviewed studies reveal a number of factors contributing to the development and progression of MS (both unmodifiable and modifiable): genetic, systemic immune-inflammatory, environmental, pharmacological. Further exploration of these factors in adolescents with mental disorders, as well as the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies based on these factors, are important directions for future research.
Les Conversations Tocqueville
Authors: Mélonio Françoise
Published: December 2024

Les sixièmes Conversations Tocqueville (5-6 juillet 2024) ont pris pour thème la nécessité d’un réveil civique. On y a notamment débattu de la figure du citoyen-soldat aux États-Unis, en France, en Suisse et en Ukraine ; des pentes mauvaises de nos démocraties (individualisme, « wokisme », risques liés à la technologie) et des remèdes possibles ; de la place du religieux dans les sociétés modernes.
Claiming Tocqueville : Views from the American Left
Authors: Antonio José , Rivera Aguilar
Published: December 2024

Alexis de Tocqueville has been claimed by historians and political theorists on both the Left and the Right. This article examines three authors from the Left –Reinhardt, Wolin and Jacoby– who challenge the idea of Tocqueville’s obsolescence. However, Reinhardt and Wolin don’t succeed in their endeavors because they fail to capture the full democratic potential of Tocqueville’s theoretical proposal. Jacoby, on the other hand, finds in Tocqueville important resources to defend democracy against modern threats, such as populism. He makes a coherent call to action, as he recognizes that there are political dangers in the loss of individual autonomy.
Travels with Tocqueville Beyond America
Authors: Ragazzoni David
Published: December 2024

This essay offers a review of Jeremy Jennings's latest monograph, which navigates the waters of Tocqueville’s life and thought through the distinctive prism of travelling. The famous voyage that took him and Gustave de Beaumont to the United States in 1831 and that set the groundwork for the two volumes of his most famous work has in fact overshadowed the multiple journeys that he made throughout his relatively short but intense life. In retrieving and chronicling Tocqueville’s “travels beyond America”, Jennings offers a lively, beautifully written, and incredibly engaging narrative that stimulates both the academic and the non-academic readers, drawing on his life-long familiarity with the primary sources and the secondary literature while also unlocking the door of his historical erudition to the non-specialist public.
La place des croyances dans les processus de sortie de l’extrémisme violent : enjeux et perspectives en matière d’intervention et de prise en charge
Authors: Sarg Rachel
Published: December 2024

Depuis deux décennies, la plupart des gouvernements et pays affectés par le terrorisme se sont saisis d’une préoccupation majeure autour du lien causal entre l’adhésion à des croyances et la commission d’actes violents. Cependant, et malgré l’augmentation des travaux et programmes, il demeure toujours de nombreux obstacles méthodologiques et théoriques permettant d’établir un corpus d’interventions validées et fondées sur les données acquises par la science. L’objectif de cet article est d’analyser la place des facteurs que sont les croyances radicales dans les principaux modèles théoriques utilisés dans le domaine de la déradicalisation et du désengagement de l’extrémisme violent. À partir des résultats observés par les principales recherches, nous reviendrons plus spécifiquement sur les enjeux et conséquences qu’elles soulèvent en particulier dans leur intégration à des programmes de prise en charge de l’extrémisme violent. Notre propos interroge plus particulièrement les grandes orientations des programmes français en milieu fermé et en milieu ouvert au niveau cognitif à partir notamment de la perception des acteurs ciblés par ces interventions.
Anemia hemolítica por hemoparasitose em cão com pós-operatório de coledocistoduodenostomia
Authors: Coppini Torres Luana , Bento De Capitani Pietra , Gaspar Cesar Albuquerque Barboza
Published: December 2024

Canine ehrlichiosis is caused by a hemoparasite of the order Rickttsiales and the genus Erlichia spp., dogs being its main host. Its transmission can occur through the bite of the Rhipicephalus sanguineus tick, when it carries the parasitic infection, via blood transfusion from infected hosts to healthy dogs, and transplacentally. Depending on the stage of the disease, a dog with Ehrlichia canis may develop mild or intense clinical signs, or even be asymptomatic. Among its clinical characteristics is the occurrence of hemolytic anemia resulting from the hemoparasitosis. In the chronic phase of the disease, the dog is immunosuppressed and may present aspects of an autoimmune disease. Its treatment consists of antibiotic therapy and supportive therapies that aim to reduce the patient's clinical signs. This present work is a case report on a dog that underwent cholecystoduodenostomy surgery who later presented symptoms and was diagnosed with canine ehrlichiosis.
The Power of Two Learning Strategy in Islamic Religious Education Material Shaping Character Student
Authors: Masturin Masturin
Published: December 2024

The power of two learning strategies in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) has been studied to assess its effectiveness in shaping students' character. This research aimed to investigate the implementation of this strategy in PAI material and its impact on character building. A qualitative case study approach was employed, involving school principals, students, and PAI teachers from senior high schools in Kudus City, Central Java, Indonesia, as informants selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, documentation, and focus group discussions. Validity was ensured through extended researcher presence, triangulation, peer discussion, transferability, dependability, and confirmability measures. The research findings revealed that the power of two learning strategies in PAI material could effectively and efficiently shape students' character by creating synergy between teachers and students in the learning process. This research contributes to the theoretical and practical development of PAI learning materials for character education, providing insights for the government in implementing such strategies in the curriculum.
Selanik Ayasofya Camii'nin Tamirine Dair Bir Belge
Authors: Karadavut Emre , Dündar Abdulkadir
Published: December 2024

Selanik, Osmanlı Devleti’nin Balkanlarda bulunan en önemli şehirlerinden birisidir. Bu şehrin simge yapılarının başında da İstanbul’da olduğu gibi Ayasofya gelmektedir. Yine payitahttaki örneğine benzer şekilde buradaki Ayasofya da başta kilise olarak inşa edilmiş ve Osmanlıların Selanik’i fethinden sonra camiye çevrilmiştir. Ancak bu işlem, İstanbul Ayasofya’sından farklı olarak fethin hemen akabinde bir fetih sembolü olarak değil, yaklaşık bir asır sonra Pargalı İbrahim Paşa tarafından satın alındıktan sonra gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu tarihten itibaren yüzyıllarca cami olarak kullanılan yapıda zaman zaman yangın ve yenileme gibi muhtelif sebeplerden ötürü çeşitli tamir faaliyetleri yürütülmüştür. Cumhurbaşkanlığı Devlet Arşivleri’nde mezkûr tamir ve restorasyon faaliyetlerine dair yirmiden fazla arşiv belgesine rastlanılmıştır. Bu belgelerin büyük bir çoğunluğu Selanik Ayasofya Camii’ni büyük ölçüde tahrip eden 1890 yangını sonrasında gerçekleşen tamir süreçleri hakkındadır. Bunlar arasında imzasız ve tarihsiz olan bir belge hem üslup hem de muhteviyat açısından diğerlerinden oldukça farklıdır. Hem Arap hem de Latin alfabesi ile yabancı kelimelerin kullanıldığı bu belge, yangın neticesinde büyük ölçüde tahrip olan yapının ve hassaten mozaiklerin durumunu gözler önüne sermektedir. Akabinde ise eserin nasıl tamir edilmesi gerektiği anlatılmaktadır. Böylelikle belge, Bizans devrinden kalma ve doğal olarak Hristiyanlığa dair olan bu mozaiklerin tamiri hususunda Osmanlı’nın ne derece ehemmiyet verdiğini de ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca belge üzerinde sonradan yapılan değişiklikler de Osmanlı diplomatikası açısından önemli ipuçları sunmaktadır. Çalışmamızda hem belgenin belirtilmeyen yazarı ve tarihi hakkındaki bulgularımız hem de Selanik Ayasofya Camii’nin, belgenin yazıldığı devrin terimleriyle, o dönemdeki durumu ortaya konmaya çalışılmıştır. Bununla beraber Osmanlı Devleti’nin son döneminde, eskiden kilise olan tarihi bir caminin tamiri konusundaki ihtimamını ve bu husustaki kırmızı çizgileri gözler önüne serilmeye çalışılmıştır.
Sistem Pakar Identifikasi Masalah Kulit Wajah Menggunakan Metode Case Based Reasoning
Authors: Mustafidah Zahrotul , Utami Annisaa
Published: December 2024

Problems that occur with facial skin reduce women's self-confidence, especially in terms of appearance. Several factors influence the condition of women's facial skin, such as pollution, food and drink consumed, sun exposure, genetic factors, and lack of knowledge in using appropriate products. The MCM Beauty Center Clinic has problems, namely a lack of public awareness, namely people's ignorance about the condition of their facial skin, limited access because they only provide offline consultations and require an appointment first. The aim of this research is to build an expert system that can help to identify early facial skin problems in the form of acne, melasma and spots based on a website. This system will be realized in the form of a website by applying the Case Based Reasoning (CBR) method, which is designed to help patients who have limited time to consult directly with beauty experts. The CBR method has a first stage of collecting data in the form of symptoms from cases that have occurred previously based on experts, then processing the calculation data using nearest neighbors and producing a decision as a treatment suggestion solution. The implementation of a website-based expert system using the CBR method has been tested using black box testing and system precision testing. The results of black box testing of the system went as expected while precision testing showed results of 93% with 28 successful data out of a total of 30 data tested. By applying existing technology and knowledge, this expert system is feasible and useful for users in carrying out more accurate, fast and efficient diagnoses.
Aplikasi Mobile Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Level Stunting Anak dengan Metode Fuzzy Sugeno
Authors: Sutisna Herlan , Farid Adiwisastra Miftah
Published: December 2024

Perkembangan Aplikasi sistem pendukung keputusan (Decision Support Systems, DSS) saat ini terus berlanjut seiring dengan kemajuan teknologi yang begitu pesat. Saat ini beberapa tren dan perkembangan terkini dalam sistem pendukung keputusan melibatkan integrasi teknologi canggih, analisis data yang mendalam, dan penggunaan kecerdasan buatan atau Artificial Intelligence. Ada banyak permasalahan dalam tatanan kehidupan manusia yang bisa dipermudah atau dibantu dengan aplikasi sistem pendukung keputusan, salah satunya dalam permasalah stunting. Stunting merupakan suatu kondisi dimana pertumbuhan fisik dan perkembangan anak terhambat, hal ini biasanya terjadi pada periode pertumbuhan awal kehidupan, biasanya terjadi di 1.000 hari pertama kehidupan. Posyandu adalah tempat yang dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi dan memonitor stunting pada anak-anak. Namun hal ini tentu dilakukan dengan proses manual dan terkadang bisa dilakukan dengan cara yang kurang tepat, seperti pengukuran tinggi badan menurut usia, dan hal ini dirasa kurang efektif. Peneliti merancang Aplikasi Mobile sistem pendukung keputusan penentuan level kondisi Stunting anak dengan menggunakan metode Fuzzy Mamdani dalam pengolahan datanya dengan Variabel pertama yaitu Umur, Berat Badan menurut Usia (BB/U), Tinggi Badan menurut Usia (TB/U) dan Berat Badan Menurut Tinggi Badan (BB/TB). Output dari sistem yang dirancang menghasilkan informasi level kondisi anak yaitu Level Stunting Parah, Level Stunting Ringan, Stunting Sedang , Normal dan Obesitas. Sehingga kondisi level stunting ini dapat menjadi acuan dalam perawatan yang bersifat holistik kepada anak. Berdasarkan 76 data balita yang  diperoleh, hasil akhir dari perhitungan Stunt Analyzer pada aplikasi menunjukkan terdapat 14 anak atau (18.42%) data balita yang dinyatakan Stunting Ringan, 5 data balita atau (6,57%) dinyakan Stunting Sedang, 3 Balita atau (3,94%) dinyatakan Stunting Parah, 9 data balita atau (11,84%) dinyatakan Obesitas dan 45 data balita atau (59,21%) dinyatakan Normal.
Davranışsal İktisat Bağlamında Ekonomik Krizlerin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Edirneligil Ayşen
Published: December 2024

Kriz olgusu iktisat biliminin en önemli konularından biridir. Bu nedenle tarih boyunca meydana gelen krizler incelenerek yeni krizlerin öngörülmesi ya da krizlerden sonra ekonomik teorinin sağlanabilmesi için farklı iktisat teorileri geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışma, ekonomik kriz olgusunu Klasik, Keynesyen, Marksist ve Monetarist yaklaşımlar ve finansal kriz modelleri çerçevesinde ele alarak incelemekte; Dördüncü Nesil Krizler ve Davranışsal iktisadın krizlere getirdiği yeni yaklaşımları değerlendirmektedir. Klasik ve neoklasik iktisat teorileri, krizleri piyasa mekanizmasının geçici dengesizlikleri olarak ele alırken, Keynesyen yaklaşım talep yetersizliği ve belirsizlik nedeniyle oluşan uzun vadeli durgunluklara vurgu yapmaktadır. Monetaristler ise para arzındaki dengesizliklerin krizlerin temel nedeni olduğunu savunmaktadır. Öte yandan, üçüncü nesil finansal kriz modelleri, 1990’larda yaşanan Asya Krizi örneğinden hareketle bankacılık sisteminin yapısal zayıflıkları ve aşırı borçlanmaya odaklanmıştır.
2008 Küresel Finansal Krizi ile birlikte, krizlerin yalnızca makroekonomik dengesizliklerden değil, aynı zamanda bireylerin irrasyonel davranışlarından kaynaklandığına dikkat çekilmiş ve davranışsal iktisat teorileri ile dördüncü nesil finansal kriz modelleri önem kazanmıştır. Davranışsal iktisat, yatırımcıların psikolojik eğilimlerinin ve sürü psikolojisinin piyasalarda spekülatif balonlar ve çöküşlere nasıl yol açtığını açıklamaktadır. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmada, krizlerin daha iyi anlaşılması ve yönetilmesi için hem ekonomik hem de davranışsal faktörlerin bir arada değerlendirilmesi gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır.
Analisis Kesiapan Masuk Sekolah Dasar
Authors: PAUD Jurnal , Sinaga Santa Idayana , Padilah  , Andriani Dessi
Published: December 2024

Abstrak: Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran kepada orang tua, guru, praktisi pendidikan dan semua pihak yang mencintai anak usia dini tentang pentingnya aspek kesiapan sekolah dalam kehidupan anak usia dini. Tulisan ini merupakan tinjauan pustaka oleh seorang konselor bernama Soetjiningsih dan Morrison tentang kesiapan sekolah dimana kesiapan sekolah adalah aspek yang sangat penting disimulasi sebelum anak masuk sekolah dasar. Kesiapan sekolah adalah kemampuan yang dimiliki anak anak untuk mengelola dirinya sendiri dalam hal pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan sosialemosional. Kesiapan sekolah anak dapat diukur melalui tes kesiapan sekolah. Tes ini dapat menilai berbagai aspek, seperti kemampuan kognitif, keterampilan motorik, kemampuan bahasa, dan kesiapan sosial dan emosional Keywords: Kesiapan Sekolah, Sekolah Dasar
Voimakan deposit of dolomite type nephrite, Middle-vitim mountain country: formation conditions
Authors: Kislov E. V. , Goncharuk I. S. , Vanteev V. V. , Posokhov V. F.
Published: December 2024

The Voimakan deposit of dolomite type nephrite has been investigated in order to clarify the features of its formation. 12 samples of nephrite and 5 samples of host rocks were studied. A binocular stereomicroscope, a gemological flashlight and a polarizing petrographic microscope were used. The contents of macro- and micro-components, the isotopic composition of oxygen were determined. Nephrite is light salad, salad, gray-salad and brown (honey). It forms separations in calcite-tremolite skarn bodies at the contact of dolomite marble and amphibolite transformed into epidote-tremolite skarn. The value of δ 18 O of nephrite is –18.5 ÷ –18.8%; calcite-tremolite skarn –17.4%; epidote-tremolite scarn –4.4, 2.6%; dolomite 26.1%. Nephrite meets the requirements for gemstone raw materials. Diopsidite with nephrite lenses and interlayers can be used for carving multicolored products or inlays. The green shade of nephrite increases with an increase in the Fe 2+ content. The brown color of nephrite is determined by Fe 3+ in the tremolite structure. The dolomite type of nephrite is confirmed by the ratio of Mg and Fe, a reduced content of Cr, Ni, Co, an increased content of F and the ratio of Sr to Ba, and the nature of the REE distribution. The distribution of REE in nephrite is determined by the composition of the initial dolomite under the influence of epidote-tremolite scarn. The source of abnormally isotopically light oxygen of nephrite is a meteoric fluid depleted in 18 O as a result of dolomite decarbonation. Granite only provides regional heating, activating the fluid. Both metasomatic and metamorphic processes were involved in the nephrite formation and transformation. The formation of nephrite is associated with the formation of calcite-tremolite and epidote-tremolite skarns. Tectonic stresses caused the crushing of rocks, facilitating the penetration of fluid, provided the formation of a nephrite cryptocrystalline tangled fibrous structure. But further regressive metamorphism led to the development of chlorite and talc, which worsened the nephrite quality.
Regularities of the formation of cool-flame oxidation products of rich propane-oxygen mixtures in a two-section reactor
Authors: Poghosyan N. M. , Poghosyan M. Dj. , Davtyan A. H. , Arsentev S. D. , Strekova L. N. , Arutyunov V. S.
Published: December 2024

The effect of the ratio of the reagents on a stabilized cool flame of rich propane-oxygen mixtures is investigated. It was found that with an increase in the initial concentration of propane in the mixture, its consumption, as well as the concentration of propylene, has a maximum a ratio of C3H8 : O2 = 1 : 1. In this case, the selectivity of propylene formation reaches a maximum a ratio of C3H8 : O2 = 4 : 1. It is shown that an increase in the initial propane concentration in the mixture increases the yield of methane, but reduces the yield of propylene, ethylene, hydrogen, CO, CO2, methanol, formaldehyde and acetaldehyde. At a ratio of C3H8 : O2 = 6 : 1, ethane was also found in the reaction products. The possibility of ethanol formation in the reactions of ethoxyl and hydroxyethyl radicals with acetaldehyde has been analyzed using the CBS-QB3 quantum-chemical method.
Ivan Nebesnyi’s Music for Plays: Syntactic Aspect
Authors: Yakymchuk Olena
Published: December 2024

The article defines the role of Ivan Nebesnyi’s music and its interaction with other performance components. The emphasis is placed on the thematic content of the music. It is determined that music reveals the characters of the main characters. The composer uses violin and trembita leitmotifs to characterise Gypsies and Hutsuls; flutes – for Hoisek. The purpose of the research is to determine the role of the musical content of the performance in the context of its development and interaction with other stage expressive means. The research methodology is theoretical, interpretive, comparative, complex, and generalization methods, which allow the purpose of the article to be revealed. The scientific novelty of the study. For the first time, Ivan Nebesnyi’s music for performances from the repertoire of the Vinnytsia Academic Ukrainian Music and Drama Theatre named after M. Sadovskyi is analyzed. Music is the semantic and intonational code of the performance, its sound model. The musical introduction and conclusion perform a pre- and post-communicative function. Conclusions. Music is an integral part of plays. It contains one or more themes that undergo timbre, texture, and genre changes throughout the play. This paper analyzes the role of Ivan Nebesnyi’s music in the plays and its interaction with other stage means of expressiveness. The author emphasizes attention to the themes. The music reveals the characters of the main heroes. The composer uses the leit timbres of the violin and trembita to characterize the Gypsies and Hutsuls, sopilka – Khoizek. It contains one or more themes that undergo timbral, textural, or genre changes throughout the play. The theme is the semantic and intonational code of the play, its sound model, and business card. The characteristic feature of I. The presence of leitmotifs represents Nebesnyi’s compositional thinking. The instrumental timbre reflects the feelings of the play’s characters, conveys the peculiarities of human nature, and reproduces the drama of the main character’s development. In the music to the plays, I. Nebesnyi expressively conveys the national colouring. The composer chooses Hutsul and Gypsy scales to denote ethnic communities (“On Sunday morning she gathered herbs”). The author’s theme, stylized as Jewish folklore (“The Wise Men of Chelem”), immerses the audience in the semantic field of Jewish humor. The presence of a musical prelude and postlude, built on the central theme, adds integrity to the performance and performs a pre- and post-communicative function.
Modernising the Professional Training of Choirmasters: Challenges and Opportunities in the Context of Global Transformations
Authors: Vila-Botsman Oleksandr
Published: December 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the modernization of choral conductors’ professional training in the context of global transformations. The purpose of the research is to substantiate theoretically the latest approaches to teaching choir conductors that combine traditional skills with innovative methods in the context of digitalisation and socio-cultural changes. The research methodology includes a theoretical analysis of musicological works, a comparative method and an analysis of pedagogical experience. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the identification of new approaches to the integration of distance technologies and individually oriented teaching methods into the process of training choirmasters. Conclusions. The study has shown that effective training of modern choirmasters requires the integration of individually oriented educational methods and technologies that contribute to the development of creative potential, psychological comfort and the formation of innovative performance practices. The article highlights the relevance of combining traditional academic principles with innovative approaches to teaching that take into account modern technological and pedagogical realities, especially in the context of distance learning and the challenges posed by the pandemic and war. The conclusions also state that the modernisation of choirmasters’ training is a key factor for the preservation and development of choral art in the face of constant change.
Enhancing DevOps Risk Assessment with Cross-Domain Knowledge
Authors: Phani Monogya Katikireddi
Published: December 2024

The report proposes to improve the risk assessment of DevOps procedures through cross-referencing knowledge. It focuses on cybersecurity, artificial intelligence, and project management. It shows how cross-cutting strategies successfully manage the risks and enhance CI/CD processes. Based on the report, this paper also presents a simulation of the cross-domain strategies, the real-time scenarios illustrating the application of the techniques, the impacts, and real-life cases showing the challenges arising when applying the cross-domain strategies. Possible solutions to these challenges, such as cross-training and automation, are also highlighted. It is concluded that drawing on multiple perspectives enables an organization to redesign its risk management, making it more adaptable, robust, and resource-effective.
AGREEMENT BETWEEN HEIRS: CONCEPT, ANALYSIS OF CHARACTERISTICS IN THE OBLIGATIONS OF THE PARTIES AND LEGAL GROUNDS FOR CHANGE AND TERMINATION
Authors:   Military Institute of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv  Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Karelin V. , Beryslavska O. ,   Military Institute of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv  Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Plys V. ,   Military Institute of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv  Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

Based on the deduction method, the article analyzes the contract between the heirs regarding the distribution of inheritance, which is designed to regulate the exercise of the right to inheritance. Attention is drawn to the fact that inheritance contracts are characterized by a non-competitive way of concluding contracts, which is due to the fact that inheritance is based on special relationships that make it impossible for market competition to exist between the subjects of such relationships – the heirs.

The characteristic features of such a contract are singled out, namely: these contracts are concluded in connection with the opening of inheritance; have a personal trust, local and temporary character; their legal purpose is to establish by the heirs their own conditions of inheritance; these contracts directly affect property relations. The specified features made it possible to form the author’s definition of contracts on the distribution of inheritance, as contracts that provide for an agreement between the heirs who accepted the inheritance, aimed at ensuring their fair distribution of the inheritance, its share or the right to inheritance, the registration of which is possible after the expiration of a six-month period from the time of the opening of the inheritance and until the notary issues a certificate of the right to inheritance.

The reasons for changing and terminating contracts between heirs are analyzed, based on cases specified by law and specific objective factors in contractual obligations. It was concluded that the legal nature of the termination of the contract is inseparably connected with the essence of the civil legal obligation, including the one that arose on the basis of the contract (contractual obligation). Accordingly, the legal grounds for terminating the obligation are, in many respects, the legal grounds for terminating the contract at the same time. At the same time, it has been proven that the grounds for termination of the obligation can be provided directly by the contract or by the norms of other articles of the Central Committee of Ukraine.

Key words: obligations, change and termination of contracts, contract on distribution of inheritance, inheritance, inheritance rights.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND CRIMINAL LAW: MODERN FACETS OF RESEARCH
Authors:   Odessa State University of Internal Affairs,  Odesa, Ukraine, Pidgorodynskyi V.
Published: December 2024

The article considers the conceptual foundations of the functioning of artificial intelligence and its impact on criminal law relations. It have been analyzed the doctrinal and legislative sources on which the development of an effective model of criminal legal regulation of these processes should be based.

It is emphasized on digitalization as a driving factor of fundamental changes, which forms the legal digital reality. Its transformative potential is developing due to the growing availability of big data, artificial intelligence, increasing capacity of modern computers, new blockchain technology platforms, Internet of Things, cloud services, virtual reality, social networks and platforms, cybersecurity, electronic services, etc.

It is emphasized the controversy of the definition of the term “artificial intelligence”. It have been presented the arguments in favor of granting to artificial intelligence the status of “electronic person”, which is due to the rapid development of this innovative digital tool and the acquisition of intellectual qualities that equal or exceed human ones, which is the basis for recognizing such a person as a subject of criminal-legal relations and a subject of a criminal offense”. The opposite opinion is based on the fact that human intelligence belongs to a subject endowed with consciousness, but what is called artificial intelligence refers to an object, that is, technology, machines that are not able to empathize, to create, etc., therefore, the attribution of a set of information technologies to unique qualities of a person, in the context of their criminal legal dimension, is a manifestation of the dehumanization of law in general, and criminal law in particular.

Keywords: digitalization of law, digital transformations, artificial intelligence, criminal-legal relations, conceptual foundations, philosophy of artificial intelligence.
THE INFORMER AS A SUBJECT OF CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS IN CRIMINAL OFFENSES RELATED TO THE SALE OF NARCOTICS
Authors:   Crimes Committed in the Conditions  armed conflict, Chernihiv Regional Prosecutor’s Office,  Chernihiv, Ukraine, Pomaz Ya. , Stryzhak A. ,   Chernihiv Regional Prosecutor’s Office,  Chernihiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2024

One of the key directions in the fight against illegal drug trafficking in Ukraine is the activity of law enforcement agencies, which should be focused on identifying offenders and bringing them to justice.

The increase in the number of registered criminal offenses related to the sale of narcotics, as well as the high level of training of persons engaged in this illegal activity, require significant changes in the work of law enforcement agencies. In order to effectively expose such persons, it is necessary to introduce new strategies and approaches to their activities.

One of these changes should be the emergence of a whistleblower as a subject of criminal proceedings in the investigated category of offenses.

The article examines the role and importance of the whistleblower in criminal proceedings related to the illegal sale of narcotics.

It was found that the appearance of this subject in criminal proceedings related to the illegal circulation of narcotics would significantly increase the activity of law enforcement agencies in exposing persons engaged in the sale of prohibited substances.

It has been established that the effectiveness of whistleblowers’ activities will primarily depend on the extent to which the state will be able to create appropriate conditions for their cooperation with law enforcement agencies. This involves providing security guarantees, rewards and legal protection for those who provide important information on drug trafficking.

In addition, special attention is paid in the study to the rights and guarantees of whistleblowers. Also, a comparison of the guarantees of state protection of whistleblowers and their legal status with whistleblowers in corruption criminal offenses was carried out.

It was found that the guarantees for whistleblowers in cases of criminal offenses related to the sale of narcotic drugs are identical to those used in corruption crimes, since these categories of offenses are similar in terms of detection and proof methods. However, a characteristic difference is the issue of remuneration for whistleblowers.

Based on the results of the research, relevant conclusions were drawn, and changes to the legislation of Ukraine were proposed.

Key words: whistleblower, evidence, pretrial investigation, sale of narcotics, crime prevention, criminal proceedings, criminal offense, drug addiction.
Організація дуальної форми навчання у закладах професійної (професійно-технічної) освіти
Authors:   Інститут професійної освіти НАПН України, Герлянд Тетяна , Дрозіч Ірина , Кулалаєва Наталя , Романова Ганна
Published: December 2024

У практичний посібник увійшли матеріали, що дадуть змогу педагогічним працівникам закладів професійної (професійно-технічної) освіти організувати професійну підготовку майбутніх кваліфікованих робітників в умовах дуальної форми здобуття освіти. Наведе-но нормативні документи, що регламентують упровадження елементів дуальної форми навчання в професійну підготовку майбутніх кваліфікованих робітників. Представлений зарубіжний досвід дуальної системи професійної освіти і навчання. Розкрито її особливості, характерні для вітчизняних закладів професійної (професійно-технічної) освіти. Запропо-новано методику організації професійної підготовки майбутніх кваліфікованих робітників у закладах професійної (професійно-технічної) освіти на модульно-компетентнісній основі, охарактеризовано діагностувальний інструментарій навчальних досягнень учнів в умовах дуальної форми навчання.
Ensino de relações com letras, sílabas e palavrase aprendizagem de leitura de palavras
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Mesquita Alex Andrade , Hanna Elenice S. ,   Universidade de Brasília,   Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia sobre Comportamento, Cognição e Ensino
Published: December 2024

Investigou-se o efeito do ensino de relações entre estímulos ditados e escritos constituídos por unidades tex-tuais de tamanhos diferentes (palavras, sílabas e letras) sobre o desenvolvimento de leitura recombinativa e de leitura com compreensão. Doze crianças com idades entre seis e sete anos foram divididas em três grupos experimentais e um grupo controle (sem intervenção). Elas aprenderam a relacionar, com o procedimento de pareamento ao modelo com atraso e sondas de leitura oral, oito letras escritas às respectivas letras ditadas (Grupo Letra), oito sílabas escritas às respectivas sílabas ditadas (Grupo Sílaba) ou oito palavras escritas às respectivas palavras ditadas (Grupo Palavra). Avaliações de leitura foram realizadas antes e depois do ensino. Os grupos Letra e Controle mantiveram desempenhos baixos nas avaliações finais com sílabas e palavras. O ensino de sílabas produziu resultados superiores em leitura oral recombinativa e o ensino de pa-lavra, em leitura com compreensão. Os resultados sugerem que a combinação de sílabas e palavras durante o ensino inicial de leitura é importante para promover repertório funcional de leitura mais amplo, incluindo compreensão e generalização recombinativa.
Medical Waste Management Based on an Interval-Valued Fermatean Fuzzy Decision-Making Method
Authors: Kirisci Murat
Published: December 2024

Due to its infectious and hazardous nature, medical waste poses risks to people and the environment. For patients to receive medical attention and recover in a safe environment, waste must be disposed of correctly. Improper medical waste disposal poses a severe risk to society, which can accelerate the development of various pandemics and epidemics. In this case, medical waste disposal should be handled appropriately. This study presents an integrated multi-criteria decision-making method consisting of entropy, the Pivot Pairwise Relative Criteria Importance Assessment, and Measurement of Alternatives and Ranking according to Compromise Solution methods based on an interval-valued Fermatean fuzzy set. This method can guarantee high safety and security for health practitioners and society through effective modeling and ranking of risks associated with medical waste disposal. Five alternatives and eight criteria were determined. According to the results, incineration is the most suitable disposal process for medical waste. The performance was then assessed and validated using a sensitivity analysis. A sensitivity analysis has been conducted across the range of values for the $\alpha$ parameter. It was examined whether the rankings of the alternatives changed when the $\alpha$ values in the integrated weight determination model for sensitivity analysis were altered. When the different $\alpha$ values were reviewed with the selected $\alpha$ value in the application example, it was seen that incineration was the first alternative. In addition, the study's findings and their consequences for lawmakers, businesspeople, technologists, and practitioners are examined. In the future, these stakeholders can concentrate on these deficiencies and provide long-term remedies.
El acontecer de una escuela en un ámbito de privación de la libertad
Authors: Albornoz Melina
Published: December 2024

«En la escuela no hay injusticias. Una etnografía de la educación en contextos de encierro» se destaca como una obra que sumerge al lector en el mundo íntimo de una institución inserta dentro de otra, se trata de la Escuela Primaria de educación de jóvenes y adultos N°27 Vicente Lopez, que funciona dentro de la Unidad Penal N°1 Juan José O´Connor de la ciudad de Paraná, Entre Ríos. 
Con una narrativa meticulosa y un enfoque profundamente inmersivo, Gretel Schneider nos ofrece una ventana para conocer cómo los estudiantes que se encuentran privados de su libertad viven su doble condición, cómo la escuela incide en la vida cotidiana de la cárcel y viceversa. 
Esta reseña pretende mostrar un libro que no solo documenta sino que también muestra las complejidades de una realidad que desafía las percepciones preexistentes. El lector es guiado a través de una exploración detallada y empática, que revela las interacciones, conflictos, negociaciones y tensiones que definen la experiencia cotidiana de quienes son usuarios del Servicio Penitenciario y esa escuela que acontece y permite nacer el ser estudiante detrás de los altos muros.
Tyttöjen tila lastentarhoissa ja päiväkodeissa 1940–80-luvuilla
Authors: Sillanpää Taina , Ylitapio-Mäntylä Outi
Published: December 2024

Artikkelissa käsitellään tyttöyttä ja sen rakentumista lastentarhoissa ja päiväkodeissa tilallisuuden näkökulmasta 1940–80-luvuilla. Tilallisuutta tarkastellaan Sojan kolmannen tilan käsitettä hyödyntäen. Tilallisuuden rinnalla aineistoa luetaan sukupuolen ja tyttötutkimuksen teoretisointien näkökulmista. Tutkimuksessa kysymme: Miten tytöt asetettiin ja miten he asettautuivat lastentarhan ja päiväkodin tilaan 1940–80-luvuilla? Millaisen materiaalisen tilan lastentarha ja päiväkoti tarjosivat tytöille? Aineistona käytetään Ebeneser-säätiön ja Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seuran vuonna 2011–2012 keräämää kirjoitettua muistitietoaineistoa, naisten kirjoittamia muistoja tyttöydestä lastentarhassa ja päiväkodissa 1940–80-luvuilla. Muistitietoaineisto kontekstoidaan aikalaiskeskusteluun käyttämällä virallisia asiakirjoja, jotka edustavat lastentarhojen tilallisiin kysymyksiin liittyneitä arvoja ja ohjeita. Valokuvilla syvennetään muistitietoaineiston sisältöjä. Aineiston analyysissa sovelletaan kerronnallisuutta ja aineistolähtöistä dialogista tematisointia. Tutkimus osoittaa, että puolipäivätoimintaan keskittynyt lastentarhatila näyttäytyy tytöille ominaisena sukupuolittuneen toiminnan tilana, kuten rauhallisena työskentelytilana pöydän ääressä tai salissa tytöille suunnattujen leikkiroolien toteutumispaikkana. Myöhemmin tilojen lisääntyessä myös tyttöjen toimintaympäristö ja roolit laajenivat. Tytöt myös itse rikkoivat näitä perinteisiä rajoja, ja ulkona oli mahdollista rakentaa tyttöyden tilaa sisätiloja laajemmaksi.
Johan Kraftman ja valistusajan varhainen pedagoginen ajattelu
Authors: Viitaniemi Ella
Published: December 2024

Artikkelissa tarkastellaan valistusajan varhaisia pedagogisia periaatteita ja ihanteita Suomessa. Tutkimuksen keskiössä on Porin triviaalikoulun rehtori Johan Kraftmanin (1713–1791) ajattelu ja toiminta sekä erityisesti hänen pitämänsä puheet Tal om Läsnings-werket, hållne wid Examina Anniversaria, i Björneborgs trivial-schola triviaalikoulun lukuvuoden päättäjäisissä vuosina 1749–1751. Nämä puheet julkaistiin nopeasti vuonna 1751 Tukholmassa, jolloin koulujärjestyksen uudistamista käsiteltiin valtiopäivillä. Kraftman pyrki vaikuttamaan suoraan valtakunnalliseen koulutuspolitiikkaan julkisen mielipiteen ja valtiopäivien kautta. Kraftmanin puheet avaavat erityisen näkökulman 1700-luvun yhteiskuntaan, jossa niin yliopistoissa kuin politiikassa pyrittiin vastaamaan nopeasti kehittyvien luonnontieteiden tuomiin mahdollisuuksiin valtakunnan kaikkinaisen hyvinvoinnin ja vaurauden kehittämiseksi. Artikkelissa kysytään, mitkä olivat Kraftmanin pedagogiset tavoitteet ja keinot koulutuksen kehittämiseksi. Miten ja miksi Kraftman halusi rehtorina olleessaan muuttaa triviaalikoulun opetusta ja käytäntöjä? Lisäksi pohditaan, miten nämä koulutukseen liittyvät ihanteet, tavoitteet ja muutokset yhteenkietoutuivat ja lomittuivat aikakauden yleisiin taloudellisiin ja poliittisiin pyrkimyksiin. Kraftmanin puheet avaavat erityisen ja varhaisen näkökulman pedagogiikan historiaan ja opetuksen uudenlaiseen tavoitteelliseen kehittämiseen. Samalla hänen varhaisen pedagogisen ajattelunsa kautta voidaan tarkastella, miten koululaitos liitettiin ja lomittui osaksi yhteiskunnan taloudellista kehittämistä sekä tietoista varhaisen kansalaisyhteiskunnan rakentumista.
Koululaisjärjestöjen yhteiskuntahistoriaa Suomessa ja Ruotsissa
Authors: Lalu Liisa , Soimetsä Ville
Published: December 2024

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