bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The association between menstrual hygiene, workplace sanitation practices and self-reported urogenital symptoms in a cross-sectional survey of women working in Mukono District, Uganda
Authors: Borg Sarah A. , Bukenya Justine N. , Kibira Simon P. S. , Nakamya Petranilla , Makumbi Fredrick E. , Exum Natalie G. , Schwab Kellogg J. , Hennegan Julie
Published: July 2023

Background

Women worldwide experience challenges managing their periods. Menstrual and genital hygiene behaviours have been linked to negative health outcomes, including urogenital symptoms and confirmed infections. However, evidence testing this association has been limited and mixed. This study aimed to (1) describe the menstrual care practices and prevalence of self-reported urogenital symptoms among working women in Mukono District, Uganda, and (2) test the associations between menstrual and genital care practices, and urogenital symptoms.

Methodology

We undertook a cross-sectional survey of women aged 18–45 working in markets, schools, and healthcare facilities in Mukono District, with 499 participants who had menstruated in the past two months included in this analysis. We developed an aggregated measure of menstrual material cleanliness, incorporating material type and laundering practices. Associations with urogenital symptoms were tested using the aggregated material cleanliness measure alongside the frequency of changing materials, handwashing before menstrual tasks, and sanitation practices.

Results

Among our sample, 41% experienced urogenital symptoms in the past month. Compared to women exclusively using disposable pads, using appropriately cleaned or non-reused improvised materials (PR = 1.33, 95%CI 1.04–1.71), or inadequately cleaned materials (improvised or commercially produced reusable pads) (PR = 1.84, 95%CI 1.46–3.42) was associated with an increased prevalence of self-reported urogenital symptoms in the last month. There was no difference between those using disposable pads and those using clean reusable pads (PR = 0.98; 95%CI 0.66–1.57). Infrequent handwashing before changing materials (PR 1.18, 95%CI: 0.96–1.47), and delaying urination at work (PR = 1.37, 95%CI: 1.08–1.73) were associated with an increased prevalence of self-reported symptoms.

Conclusion

Prevalence of self-reported urogenital symptoms was associated with the type and cleanliness of menstrual material used as well as infrequent handwashing and urinary restriction. There is a need for interventions to enable women to maintain cleanliness of their menstrual materials and meet their menstruation, urination and hand washing needs at home and work.
Youth and healthcare workers’ perspectives on the feasibility and acceptability of self-testing for HIV, Hepatitis and Syphilis among young people: Qualitative findings from a pilot study in Gaborone, Botswana
Authors: Nambusi Kyegombe , Gbolahan Ajibola , Maureen Sakoi-Mosetlhi , Tsholofelo Rebatenne T. , Motswedi Anderson M. , Simani Gaseitsiwe , Joseph Makhema , Una Ngwenya , Sikhulile Moyo S. , Odile Sauzet , Lucy Mupfumi
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Little is known regarding the attitudes and perspectives of young people and healthcare workers in Botswana about dual self-testing for HIV and STIs including its acceptability, or their perceptions of the opportunities and limitations of this approach.

Methods

From July to November 2021, 25 young people and 6 healthcare workers were purposively sampled for in-depth telephone interviews conducted in English or Setswana. The interviews followed a semi-structured topic guide, were audio recorded, transcribed, and analysed thematically using deviant case and constant comparative techniques. The study was part of a pilot project evaluating dual self-testing for HIV and STIs among young people in Gaborone.

Results

We found that most of the young people were already aware of their HIV status and were motivated to participate in self-testing mainly because they were interested in learning their STI status. Whilst most were excited about the autonomy and convenience offered by self-testing, some participants expressed nervousness particularly of the finger-prick process, and preferred healthcare worker-administered tests. Both young people and healthcare workers raised concerns about the potential negative mental health outcomes of unexpected test results and emphasized the importance of pre- and post-test counselling and seamless linkage to care.

Conclusion

Dual self-testing for HIV and STIs has the potential to empower young people to take control of their sexual health. However, it is crucial to ensure that proper support and counselling services are in place, along with effective mechanisms for linkage to care. This study emphasizes the importance of integrating pre- and post-test counselling into self-testing programs to ensure that young people feel adequately supported throughout the testing process. By doing so, self-testing can become a valuable tool for improving the sexual health outcomes of young people in Botswana.
Innovationstätigkeit der Unternehmen und regionales Umfeld
Authors: Hahn Roland , Gaiser Arne , Héraud Jean-Alain , Muller Emmanuel
Published: July 2023

Kernprozeß des Strukturwandels ist die Innovationstätigkeit der Unternehmen. Über die Bildung regionaler Netzwerke kann darauf wesentlich Einfluß genommen werden. Die Unternehmen sind weniger mit der Region als mit der Nation verflochten. Das gilt sowohl für die Mehrzahl der Einbetriebsunternehmen als auch für die Mehrbetriebsunternehmen. Mehrbetriebsunternehmen greifen bei Forschungs- und Entwicklungs-(FuE-)Aktivitäten eher auf internes Unternehmens-Know-how zurück, Einbetriebsunternehmen eher auf persönliche Kontakte zu Kunden, Zulieferern und Konkurrenten. Die Kunden sind vornehmlich außerhalb der Region lokalisiert, die Zulieferer in der Region. Trotz knapper finanzieller und personeller FuE-Ressourcen nutzen die KMU des Bodenseeraums und des Elsaß das Informationsangebot der Vielzahl von Forschungseinrichtungen, Transfer- oder Beratungsstellen in der Region nur wenig. Daher müssen die Untersuchungsregionen beachtliche Anstrengungen unternehmen, um die Schnittstelle Wissenschaft-Wirtschaft funktionieren zu lassen.
Thymbra spicataleaf extract driven biogenic synthesis of Au/Fe3O4nanocomposite and its bio-application in the treatment of different types of leukemia
Authors: Zou Min , Zhong Zhiqiang , Wen Chunju
Published: July 2023

Herein, the bio-inspired synthesis of Au nanoparticles (NPs) adornedThymbra spicataextract functionalized Fe3O4NPs as a novel magnetic nanocomposite has been demonstrated. The plant phytochemicals act as a natural and non-toxic reductant as well as thein situstabilizing agent of the NPs. The Au–Thymbra@Fe3O4composite was characterized over a range of advance physicochemical techniques like fourier transformed infra red (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, elemental mapping, vibrating sample magnetometer and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy. Toward its bio-applications, the material was employed investigating the cytotoxicity and leukemic potential against several related cell lines, viz, 32D-FLT3-ITD, HL-60/vcr (acute myeloid leukemia) and MOLT-3, TALL-104 (acute lymphoblastic leukemia)in vitro, following MTT assay. The corresponding inhibition concentration by 50% level, i.e., IC50were evaluated as 125, 150, 133 and 170 µg/mL, respectively. In addition, the Au–Thymbra@Fe3O4nanocomposite proved to be a good antioxidant, which was validated from DPPH radical quenching assay and a significantly good IC50value.
A stimuli-responsive in situ spray hydrogel co-loaded with naringenin and gentamicin for chronic wounds
Authors: Thangarajoo Thaneswary , Hsin Yong Kai , Pandey Manisha , Choudhury Hira , Meng Lim Wei , Md Shadab , Akhter Md Habban , Gorain Bapi
Published: July 2023

The potentials held by stimuli-responsive polymers in wound dressing have led to the present research in formulating a hydrogel base formulation with polymers having pH and thermo-sensitivity. Thus, hyaluronic acid (pH-sensitive polymer), and Pluronic F-127 (thermo-sensitive polymer) with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (mucoadhesive polymer) were incorporated to obtain an in situ hydrogel containing gentamicin and naringenin (NAR). The optimization of the stimuli-responsive formulation was performed by the Box–Behnken statistical design to acquire variable parameters that influence the gelling temperature and viscosity. Thermo-gravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy were performed to confirm the suitability of incorporating the selected polymers with drugs. The optimized formulations (blank and drug-loaded) were found to possess satisfactory characteristics of gelling temperatures (30–33°C), viscosities (174 ± 3 to 184 ± 4 cP), and mucoadhesive properties (0.29 ± 0.01 to 0.31 ± 0.01 N) with a spray diameter of 16.8 ± 1.4 to 18.9 ± 1.2 cm2 to facilitate the application at the wound environment. The in vitro drug release study depicted a sustained release profile over a time frame of 8 h with a cumulative release of 56.18 ± 4.59% NAR. The drug-containing in situ hydrogels showed superior potency by producing a larger zone of inhibition (2.03 ± 0.12 cm). Furthermore, a cytotoxicity study of the developed formulations in HaCaT cells revealed no toxicity of the drug-loaded formulations when compared to the blank hydrogel. These findings indicate the potential of the in situ hydrogel as an effective wound dressing for chronic wounds; however, additional investigation is needed for further implementation.
2ª reconceptualización del Trabajo Social en Latinoamérica.
Authors: Acevedo Alemán Jesus
Published: July 2023

A 60 años de uno de los más grandes movimientos intelectuales en Latinoamérica, que dinamizó la construcción de nuevas identidades, y particularmente la del Trabajo Social; era donde se perfiló como una disciplina científica de aportes sólidos teóricos-metodológicos, que dieron respuesta cabal a los contextos históricos imperantes. Hoy día, la profesión enfrenta contextos diferentes, de implicaciones globales, de realidades complejas y de desarrollos tecnológicos sin precedentes. Aunado a ello, una pandemia por Covid-19 que ha dejado estragos en todos los niveles a su paso. Escenario que propicia la necesidad de generar nuevos modelajes de atención, con mayores fortalezas teórico-metodológicas, mismas que permitan atender los nuevos desafíos. En tal sentido, el propósito del presente artículo es situar la reflexión en las premisas que pueden distinguir a un 2º Movimiento de Reconceptualización, que si bien, ya lo estamos viviendo, pero aún no lo reconocemos, por ello, lo importante es visibilizar los esfuerzos y las reflexiones que se han detonado a la luz del nuevo milenio; recordemos que la vigencia y fortaleza del propio perfil disciplinar, dependerá de la capacidad para adaptarse y evolucionar en la misma medida, que los fenómenos sociales y las nuevas realidades contemporáneas
Influence of pectinolytic enzymes on retting effectiveness and resultant fiber properties
Authors: Foulk Jonn A. , Akin Danny E. , Dodd Roy B.
Published: July 2023

Enzymes have the potential to provide an improved method to ret flax for textile fibers. Retting is the separation or loosening of fiber bundles from the cuticularized epidermis and the woody core cells. New commercial pectinase products were evaluated both with and without ethylene-diaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for retting efficiency. The Fried Test identified the most efficient enzymes and best retting conditions. All enzymes retted flax stems better in the presence of 18 mM EDTA. Pectinases that also contained cellulases reduced fiber strength, whereas those without cellulases effectively retted flax without substan-tial strength loss. Viscozyme, which has been used extensively in our enzyme-retting research, and several pectinolytic enzymes were compared in pilot plant scale tests. Texazym BFE and Bioprep 3000 L retted flax as well as Viscozyme in this system, and the fibers had higher tenacity. The monocomponent nature, commercial availability and price, and ability to ret flax in combination with EDTA at high pH indicated a potential advantage for Bioprep 3000 L in these tests. Retting with different enzymes and formulations resulted in fibers with different properties, thereby leading to protocols for tailored fiber characteristics.
Eksploitasi Satwa Liar di Indonesia (Telaah Ketentuan Pasal 302 KUHP dan UU No. 41 Tahun 2014)
Authors: Saripi Lulu Septiana Dewi , Rohman Abdur , Pamularsih Kumala Lutfiya Asih
Published: July 2023

Indonesia merupakan negara yang menjamin kelestarian satwa yang dilindungi melalui lembaga konservasi. Hal-hal mendasar pada pendirian kebun binatang diatur oleh pemerintah pusat. Berdasarkan Pasal 1 ayat 1 Undang-Undang nomor 5 Tahun 1990 tentang konservasi sumber Daya Alam hayati serta Ekosistemnya. Dengan banyaknya sumber daya alam hewani di Indonesia menjadikan pula banyak terjadinya eksploitasi satwa liar yang menjadi ancaman bagi kelestarian dan keberlangsungan satwa. Pada 23 Januari 2023 terdapat 372 kasus kejahatan satwa liar yang dilindungi. Ditengah tingginya penanganan kasus kejahatan satwa dilindungi, pelaksanaan Pasal 91B UU Nomor 41 Tahun 2014 dan dalam Pasal 320 ayat (1) KUHP masih belum maksimal. Hal ini berdasarkan bahwa tuntutan dan putusan pengadilan yang menjatuhkan vonis maksimal. Hal ini harus menjadi perhatian agar Indonesia terus menjamin keberlangsungan hukum satwa dilindungi mengingat tingginya sumber daya alam hewani di Indonesia. Artikel ini menyajikan data berdasarkan metode penelitian analisis yuridis normatif dari berbagai sumber hukum, yang salah satunya berasal dari Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana.
Sample preparation for TMT-based total and phospho-proteomic analysis of cells and tissues v1
Authors: Seffouh Ilham
Published: July 2023

Mass spectrometry-based proteomics and phosphoproteomics are highly sensitive and un-biased techniques to study the proteome and phosphoproteome at a global scale. Sample preparation is a key element for the generation of high quality, reproducible data. Here we provide a step-by-step protocol for processing material derived from cells or tissue samples. We recommend employing S-Trap assisted tryptic digestion followed by a TiO2-based phosphopeptide enrichment to achieve the highest possible reproducibility across experimental replicates. We also provide 10 or 16 plex Tandem Mass Tags (TMT) multiplexing strategy in combination with High-pH reversed-phase fractionation to achieve high coverage for phosphoproteomic analysis. The nano-liquid chromatography and High-resolution mass spectrometry instrument settings for both MS2 and Synchronous precursor selection MS3 data acquisition on Orbitrap Lumos Tribrid mass spectrometer are also described. Using these protocols, we routinely identify and quantify >35,000 phosphosites and ~10,000 protein groups.
CTAB/Chloroform-Isoamyl Alcohol DNA Extraction Protocol v1
Authors: L. Peredo Elena
Published: July 2023

Protocol for extracting high quality DNA.
Wearable Embedded System Design and Development for Hydration Monitoring via Bio impedance Analysis
Authors: Chauhan Rahul
Published: July 2023

In terms of human physiology, water is the single most important factor in ensuring optimal health. As a universal medium, it is essential to every function in the body. Dehydration is a common ailment that may occur when there is an abnormal loss of bodily fluids. Physical and cognitive abilities are both hampered by dehydration. In this study, we discuss the ideation, design, and implementation of a wearable embedded device that can detect a person's fluid status. Wearable medical devices (WMDs) are on the rise in the biomedical industry because they provide a patient management system, guarantee patients' physical and mental health via constant monitoring, and lower the financial and logistical barriers to providing medical care anywhere. This work use bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), one of various methods for tracking fluid intake.
Internet of Things Enabled Intelligent Mote with LoRa Architecture for Agricultural Use
Authors: Singh Sumeshwar
Published: July 2023

As the world's population grows, there is pressure to switch to more sustainable agricultural methods. This, together with dwindling supplies of raw materials, shrinking amounts of farmable land, and more extreme weather events, has caused widespread anxiety about national food supplies. As a result, more farmers are turning to IoT and DA in an effort to maximise output while decreasing input costs. Smart agriculture is now being driven mostly by the IoT and data analytics, rather than by wireless sensor networks (WSN). Some of the technologies that have been merged to form the Internet of Things include wireless sensor networks for radio-frequency proof of identity, cloud computing, middleware infrastructures and customer-facing software. The advantages and disadvantages of the IoT are discussed in this article. Here, we demonstrate how smart farming is being made possible by the convergence of IoT and DA, and how an IoT ecological map may be created. In addition, we categorise future advancements by technology, applications, economic feasibility, and consumer interest.
Recurrence and Long-Term Evaluation of Kanto Earthquakes
Authors: Satake Kenji
Published: July 2023

The 1923 Taisho Kanto earthquake—an interplate event along the Sagami trough where the Philippine Sea plate subducts beneath the Kanto region—produced ground shaking, crustal deformation, landslides, and tsunamis, and caused the worst earthquake disaster in Japan. Based on seismological and geodetic data, many fault models have been proposed, extending ∼100 km from the epicenter, with a moment magnitude (Mw) of 7.8–8.2, and large slips of ∼8 m located near the epicenter and beneath the Miura Peninsula. The penultimate 1703 Genroku Kanto earthquake produced similar macroseismic effects around Sagami Bay and the Miura Peninsula, but larger coastal uplift and tsunami in the Boso Peninsula. The proposed fault models extend off the Boso Peninsula with Mw of 8.1–8.5. In 2004, the Earthquake Research Committee (ERC) classified the Kanto earthquakes as “Taisho type” and “Genroku type” with recurrence intervals of 200–400 yr and 2300 yr, respectively. In 2014, the ERC revised the long-term evaluation to a recurrence interval of 180–590 yr and a 30 yr probability of 0%–5% based on the Brownian passage time model. With the Cabinet Office, the ERC considered the source area of the maximum possible earthquake of Mw 8.6–8.7. The recent historiographical and paleoseismological studies have identified other candidates for the past Kanto earthquakes in 1495, 1433, 1293, and 878. Various combinations of these candidates give a mean recurrence interval of 210–315 yr, an aperiodicity parameter of 0.04–0.76, and a 30 yr probability of 0.0%–19%. The Cabinet Office has calculated the seismic intensity and tsunami heights of various types of Kanto earthquakes. National and local governments estimate the damage from these hazards. For the Tokyo metropolitan area, the estimated damage and occurrence probability are more significant for M ∼7 earthquakes with various types and depths, and most mitigation efforts are directed at such events.
The Source Characteristics of the 2022 Ms 6.1 Lushan Earthquake: An Event That Occurred on the Conjugated Fault of the 2013 Ms 7.0 Lushan Earthquake
Authors: Dai Kun , Guo Rumeng , Zou Xuhao , Tang Xiongwei , Xu Xiaoxue , Liu Dechuan , Zheng Yong , Xu Jianqiao
Published: July 2023

The 2022 Ms 6.1 Lushan earthquake occurred in the southern segment of the Longmenshan fold-and-thrust belt, Sichuan Province, China, ∼7 km north-northwest of the 2013 Ms 7.0 Lushan earthquake. To understand its source characteristics and interplay with the 2013 Lushan event, we evaluate the 2022 Lushan earthquake in terms of focal mechanism, aftershock relocation, and rupture process. Results show that it is a purely thrust earthquake with a source depth of 14 km and a focal mechanism nodal plane of 29°/51°/80°. The automatic phase picker-based aftershock locus clarifies that the 2022 Lushan earthquake occurred on a blind northeast-trending conjugate fault of the 2013 Lushan earthquake. The finite-fault model constrained by teleseismic waveforms suggests that the high slip is concentrated in an asperity near the epicenter with a peak slip of 42 cm, which is characterized by thrust components. Based on the promotion of postseismic deformation following the 2013 Lushan earthquake and the similarity of the seismotectonic system, we argue that the 2022 Lushan earthquake may be an aftershock of the 2013 Lushan earthquake that occurred on a blind thrust fault.
Psychiatric Co-Morbidity in Patients Presenting with Primary Headache
Authors: Pande Shuchi , Gupte Sunil G. , Pawar Yogesh
Published: July 2023

Background: Headache is a common neurological disorder and most disabling conditions in the worldwide. Psychiatric disorders can occur with at least two to three-fold greater frequencies among the patients presenting with headache than among general population. The presence of psychiatric co-morbidity further complicates headache management and portends a poorer prognosis. Therefore, the present study of psychiatric co-morbidity in patients presenting with primary headache and to know the nature and extent of psychiatric co-morbidity associated with headache among the patients was undertaken. Methods: Present sample consists of 62 patients who presented with the complaints of headache to the department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychiatry from August 2016 to June 2018 was included in the study. MINI 7.0.0 was applied to elicit the presence of any Psychiatric disorder. Results: In this study 65% of the patients presenting with headache had co-morbid psychiatric disorders. Out of 65% of the psychiatric illnesses; 43.55% had MDD, 14.52% had GAD, 3.23% had Panic disorder and 3.23%had Social phobia among the patients presenting with headache. Conclusions: Patients presenting with headache have high levels of co-morbid psychiatric disorders. In view of the present findings, the management of patients presenting with headache should include the detail assessment of coexisting psychopathology and treatment of both coexisting conditions.
Granice na Bliskim Wschodzie – przeszłość, teraźniejszość, przyszłość
Authors: Biger Gideon
Published: July 2023

Międzynarodowe granice na Bliskim Wschodzie ustalone zostały w XX w. za sprawą państw europejskich, wśród których prym wiodła Wielka Brytania. Przy wytyczaniu granic zostały uwzględnione więc przede wszystkim interesy kolonialne europejskich imperiów, natomiast pod uwagę nie wzięto w stopniu należytym pragnień i aspiracji żyjących na tym obszarze ludów. W zależności od lokalizacji, granice bliskowschodnie można podzielić na następujące: naturalne, biegnące wzdłuż dawnych granic administracyjnych Imperium Osmańskiego, oraz sztuczne, przybierające charakter linii prostych i nierespektujące uwarunkowań etnicznych.
Bliski Wschód jest tym regionem świata, gdzie najpóźniej ustanowiono nowoczesne granice liniowe. Z tego powodu występują tam nadal spory w kwestii delimitacji tych granic. Szczególnie poważnym przypadkiem są granice Izraela. Tylko jedna z jego granic – z Egiptem – jest uzgodniona poprzez umowę międzynarodową, poza tym tylko dwa fragmenty granicy z Jordanią nie są kwestionowane. Toczone od pewnego czasu syryjsko-izraelskie rozmowy pokojowe, jak również rokowania pomiędzy Izraelem a Autonomią Palestyńską, zostały zawieszone właśnie z powodu niemożliwości rozwiązania sporów granicznych. Autonomia Palestyńska nadal liczy na międzynarodowe uznanie jej granic, co stworzyłoby nowy układ geopolityczny na Bliskim Wschodzie.
Cmentarze łódzkie na tle rozwoju ludnościowego i przestrzennego miasta
Authors: Wiercińska Anna
Published: July 2023

W artykule omówiono wpływ rozwoju przestrzennego miasta oraz zmiany struktury mieszkańców Łodzi na liczbę, rozmieszczenie i przynależność wyznaniową łódzkich cmentarzy. Problematyka pracy porusza zagadnienia dotychczas nieprezentowane w literaturze geograficznej, uwzględniono w niej bowiem wszystkie cmentarze, które były zlokalizowane na terenie miasta w obecnych jej granicach. Syntezę oparto na literaturze i badaniach terenowych przeprowadzonych przez autorkę.
Efficiency of Productive Zakat Distribution in Increasing the Prosperity of Mustahik in Amil Zakat, Infaq, and Sadaqah Muhammadiyah Institutions in South Sumatra Province
Authors: Jauhari Muhammad , Wijaya Afta Kharisma
Published: July 2023

Zakat, according to Islam, is an obligation that must be carried out by every Muslim. It acts as a tool given by Islam to eradicate poverty by making the rich aware of their social responsibility. There are two types of zakat distribution in Indonesia: consumptive distribution and productive distribution. However, the distribution of zakat is still predominantly dominated by consumptive zakat. The purpose of this research is to investigate how productive zakat can be distributed at LAZISMU South Sumatra and evaluate the success of distributing productive zakat funds to mustahik (those eligible to receive zakat) status. The data collection method used in this thesis research is qualitative. The primary and secondary data sources are utilized, and data is collected through interviews and documentation. Currently, in the distribution of productive zakat, LAZISMU still employs a grant contract, whereby productive zakat funds given to mustahik are provided free of charge. They also use a Qardhul Hasan contract. However, the implications of productive zakat funds for mustahik status have not fully transformed mustahik into muzaki (those who give zakat). Instead, the new mustahik status indicates their ability to transition into muktafi (people who can meet their own needs) and munfiq (people who spend infaq).
Digit amputation prosthetics
Authors: Miller Travis J.
Published: July 2023

Digit amputations are the most common amputation worldwide. This manuscript describes the impairments imposed by digit loss and the potential benefits of digit prosthetics. This review of the literature is designed to provide a reference for healthcare workers and patients for identifying and selecting prosthetic options for digit amputees.
Web Center Design of Student Activity Unit (UKM) Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo as a Center for Membership Information Event and Product Marketing
Authors: Zahputra Aldy Trisza , Eviyanti Ade , Rosid Mochamad Alfan , Hindarto Hindarto
Published: July 2023

Information systems and technology are advancing so rapidly that technology and people no longer play separate roles. One of the technologies currently being developed is a website-based information system. The website is a collection of linked pages and related files. Websites have been widely used by non-profit and non-profit organizations to provide accurate information to the public by functioning as a platform for information dissemination. The purpose of this research is to create a central web information system to display complete detailed data regarding the Sidoarjo Muhammadiyah University Student Activity Unit online. The research method used is the waterfall method using blackbox testing. From the test results the researchers succeeded in implementing a student activity unit website that displayed information in the form of info on achievements, works, events, products, articles, announcements and members from each UKM. With this system, student activity units can record every activity, reduce the risk of loss or damage to data and make it easier to record all of its members.
Biosynthesis, Characterization, Adsorption and Antimicrobial studies of Vanadium Oxide Nanoparticles Using Punica Granatum Extract
Authors: Abdul Karem Lekaa Kalid , Ali Angham Tariq
Published: July 2023

This study includes using green or biosynthesis-friendly technology, which is effective in terms of low cost and low time and energy to prepare V2O5NPs nanoparticles from vanadium sulfate VSO4.H2O using aqueous extract of Punica Granatum at a concentration of 0.1M and with a basic medium PH= 8-12. The V2O5NPs nanoparticles were diagnosed using several techniques, such as FT-IR, UV-visible with energy gap Eg = 3.734eV, and the X-Ray diffraction XRD was calculated using the Debye Scherrer equation. It was discovered to be 34.39nm, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy TEM. The size, structure, and composition of synthetic V2O5NPs were determined using the (EDX) pattern, Atomic force microscopy AFM. The adsorption experiment was successfully conducted on metal ions M (II), such as Co, Ni, and Cu. The results proved removal simultaneously from water using V2O5NPs based on surface shape on the affinity of three metal ions. The adsorption rate of Ni(II) is the highest one in the time scale and conditions of our experiment at all surfaces, while Co(II) and Cu(II) ions are close in magnitude. The removal efficiencies of mixed (M+2 = Co, Ni, and Cu) ions with λmax for Co, Ni, and Cu ions are  510,425 and 814 nm 56.66%, 77.00%, and 27.23%, respectively. The Antimicrobial activity of V2O5NPs in three concentrations, 25%, 50%, and 75%, was tested against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans fungus. The results of the inhibition of vanadium oxide nanoparticles against positive and negative bacteria were compared with the standard drug Amoxicillin and the results of fungus inhibition with the standard drug Metronidazole. It was found that nano-oxide is more effective at 75% concentration.
The predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine of insomnia: Gut microbiota and inflammation
Authors: Chen Hao-wen , Zhou Rui , Cao Bi-Fei , Liu Kuan , Zhong Qi , Huang Yi-Ning , Liu Hua-Min , Zhao Jin-Qing , Wu Xian-Bo
Published: July 2023

Background
The human gut microbiota (GM) has been recognized as a significant factor in the development of insomnia, primarily through inflammatory pathways, making it a promising target for therapeutic interventions. In light of the principles of primary prediction, targeted prevention, and personalized treatment medicine (PPPM), identifying of specific gut microbiota associated with insomnia and exploring the underlying mechanisms comprehensively are crucial steps towards achieving primary prediction, targeted prevention, and personalized treatment of insomnia.
Working hypothesis and methodology
We hypothesized that alterations in the composition of specific GM could induce insomnia through inflammatory response, which postulates the existence of a GM-Inflammation-Insomnia pathway. Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were employed to examine this pathway and explore the mediative effects of inflammation. We utilized genetic proxies representing GM, insomnia, and inflammatory indicators [including 41 circulating cytokines and C-reactive protein (CRP)], specifically identified from European ancestry. The primary method used to identify insomnia-related GM and examine the medicative effect of inflammation was the inverse variance weighted method, supplemented by MR-Egger and weighted median methods. Our findings have the potential to identify individuals at risk of insomnia through screening for GM imbalances, leading to the development of targeted prevention and personalized treatment strategies for the condition.
Results
Nine genera and three circulating cytokines were identified to have causal effects on insomnia, only the associations of Clostridium (innocuum group) and β-NGF on insomnia remained significant after FDR test, OR = 1.08 (95% CI = 1.04–1.12, P = 1.45×10− 4, q = 0.02) and OR = 1.06 (95% CI = 1.02–1.10, P = 1.06×10− 3, q = 0.04), respectively. CRP were associated with increased risk of insomnia, OR = 1.05 (95% CI = 1.01–1.10, P = 6.42×10− 3). After adjusting for CRP, causal effects of Clostridium (innocuum group), Bilophila, Candidatus Soleaferrea, Coprococcus 1, Holdemania, Prevotella 7, and Rikenellaceae (RC9gut group) on insomnia were changed significantly (P > 0.05). In addition, the causal pathway from Candidatus Soleaferrea and Holdemania to insomnia were mediated by most circulating cytokines. No heterogeneity and pleiotropy were detected.
Conclusions
Our study highlights the role of specific GM alterations in the development of insomnia and provides insights into the mediating effects of inflammation. Targeting these specific GM alterations presents a promising avenue for advancing the transition from reactive medicine to PPPM in managing insomnia, potentially leading to significant clinical benefits.
Aquaporins-mediated water availability in substrates for cannabis cultivation in relation to CBD yield.
Authors: Ortiz-Delvasto Nidia , Garcia-Gomez Pablo , Carvajal Micaela , González Gloria Bárzana
Published: July 2023

Aims
The objective of this study was to identify the most suitable substrate for Cannabis sativa L. cultivation based on its effects on water relations and CBD production.
Methods
Biomass production, physiological parameters, mineral contents, changes in the expression levels of the PIP aquaporins and the concentration of CBD was measured in Cannabis sativa L. (var. Tiborszallasi) plants cultivated on 5 substrates with different physical-chemical characteristic under controlled conditions.
Results
The substrates available water (AW) was the main factor affecting growth and production. The efficiency of the water use was governed fundamentally by transpiration. S1 and S3 were those in which the plants grew optimally and allows plants to invest energy in secondary metabolites production acquiring high levels of CBD. The plants grown in S2 and S5, composed by coconut fiber and perlite, showed the lowest growth in agreement with low transpiration rates which reduce the water uptake. S5 substrate, with some AW still available, is forcing plants to invest energy in improve water and nutrients transport as observed by the high levels of nutrients in planta and high PIPs expression levels. S4 plants presented the highest inflorescences production and CBD content which can be attributed to plant stress due to the low levels of AW and high pH and electrical conductivity (EC).
Conclusion
The absorption of water and minerals by plants has been affected by PIP-mediated water transport, playing key roles for an optimal use of the water present in the substrates with specific isoforms involved in this responses.
Effect of GABA on seed germination and seedling growth of rapeseed under salt stress
Authors: Zhang Shuyu , Khan Aaqil , Zhao Liming , Feng Naijie , Zheng Dianfeng , Shen Xuefeng
Published: July 2023

In order to evaluate the impacts of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) priming on rapeseed germination and seedling growth under salt stress, we conducted pot experiments using salt-sensitive rapeseed variety 'Zhongshuang 11'. To study the influence of seed priming on the morph-physiological traits, rapeseed plants were treated with 150 mm NaCl after priming of GABA (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 mM). Data on morphological traits, oxidation damage and antioxidant system were contrasted before. Our findings revealed that NaCl significantly reduced root activity, chlorophyll content and antioxidative enzymes activities, and also hindered germination, seedlings and morphological growth traits of rapeseed plants. However, priming of GABA (1.5 mM) treatment to salt-stressed plants not only increased the germination and vigor indexes but also significantly improved root length and height of rapeseed. Moreover, compared to CK2, GABA (1.5 mM) application significantly enhanced root activity and chlorophyll content of 77.02% and 38.06%, respectively. GABA (1.5 mM) reduced the H2O2 and MDA content. Furthermore, Compared to CK2, GABA (1.5 mM) significantly enhanced the antioxidant enzymes i.e SOD, POD, CAT and APX activities of 34.81%, 239.46%, 66.20%, and 57.84%, as well as increased AsA and GSH content of 89.77% and 8.90%, respectively. These findings elucidated that GABA (1.5 mM) priming not only increased the germination rate, seedlings growth and antioxidants traits but also successfully alleviate the adverse impacts of salinity stress.
What is the status of the scientific association of midwifery in Iran based on the criteria of the international midwifery confederation?
Authors: Kiani Zahra , Simbar Masoumeh
Published: July 2023

Background
This study aimed to evaluate the Iran Scientific Association of Midwifery (ISAM) using a translated valid version of the Member Association Capacity Assessment tool (MACAT), and also to explain the needs and the related strategies to improve ISAM capacities.
Methods
This was a mixed sequential explanatory study. The study was performed in three phases. In the first phase, MACAT was translated into Persian and then its validity was assessed. In the second descriptive phase, the capacity of ISAM was assessed by two trained evaluators using MACAT. In the third phase, with a qualitative approach and using a focused group discussion and six in-depth individual interviews with 14 key informants, the demonstrated challenges in the first phase of the study, and the related suggestions for the problem solutions were discussed. The data from the qualitative phase of the study were analyzed using directed qualitative content analysis. Lincoln and Guba’s criteria were used to confirm the trustworthiness of the data.
Results
In the first phase, the validity of MACAT was shown by S-CVI = 0.91 and I-CVI = 0.89. CVR scores of all items were above 0.62 and acceptable. In the second phase, the evaluation by MACAT showed 88 out of 96 items scored 1. The items which showed poor status were related to advocacy, shortage in resources, low contribution in decision-making in midwifery affairs. In the third phase, 83 codes in the seven dimensions were extracted. Then, 53 actions were proposed for improving ISAM capabilities.
Conclusions
ISAM is among the most potent member associations of the ICM. The most necessary actions for the ISAM capacity improvement are; considering more independence, paying attention to infrastructure improvement, and defining the mechanisms in communication with the other midwifery-related sectors and potential sponsors; involvement in making macro policies in midwifery affairs.
Effect of Electrical Muscular Stimulation on Occupational Activities: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Eldaly Sameh
Published: July 2023

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of electrotherapy modalities to improve muscular performance and coordination in occupational activities.
Data sources:: Search strategies were conducted on 5 Randomized control trial and one Pilot study and one Experimental proof.
Results: seven studies (151 participants) were analyzed. Movement therapy plus electrical stimulation for at least two weeks is likely to produce the best outcome in improving muscle recruitment and coordination patients with in patients with occupational activities disorders.
Conclusion: the available evidence suggests that the electrical muscular stimulation in occupational therapy can be a useful adjunct to traditional therapy approaches for improving muscle function, strength, and physical function in a variety of populations.
Time-sequential fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition in elastin-variable 3D hydrogel environments mediated by calcium signaling
Authors: Do Nhuan T. , Lee Sun Young , Lee Yoon Seo , Lee Tae Geol , Son Jin Gyeong , Kim Se-Hwa
Published: July 2023

Background Fibrosis plays an important role in both normal physiological and pathological phenomena as fibroblasts differentiate to myofibroblasts. The activation of fibroblasts is determined through interactions with the surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). However, how this fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition (FMT) is regulated and affected by elastin concentration in a three-dimensional (3D) microenvironment has not been investigated.
Methods We developed an insoluble elastin-gradient 3D hydrogel system for long-lasting cell culture and studied the molecular mechanisms of the FMT in embedded cells by mass spectrometry along with validation through real-time PCR and immunofluorescence staining.
Results By optimizing pH and temperature, four 3D hydrogels containing fibroblasts were successfully fabricated having elastin concentrations of 0, 20, 50, and 80% in collagen. At the low elastin level (20%), fibroblast proliferation was significantly increased compared to others, and in particular, the FMT was clearly observed in this condition. Moreover, through mass spectrometry of the hydrogel environment, it was confirmed that differentiation proceeded in two stages. In the early stage, calcium-dependent proteins including calmodulin and S100A4 were highly associated. On the other hand, in the late stage after several passages of cells, distinct markers of myofibroblasts were presented such as morphological changes, increased production of ECM, and increased a-SMA expression. We also demonstrated that the low level of elastin concentration induced some cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) markers, including PDGFR-β, and fibrosis-related disease markers, including THY1.
Conclusion Using our developed 3D elastin-gradient hydrogel system, we evaluated the effect of different elastin concentrations on the FMT. The FMT was induced even at a low concentration of elastin with increasing CAF level via calcium signaling. With this system, we were able to analyze varying protein expressions in the overall FMT process over several cellular passages. Our results suggest that the elastin-gradient system employing nonlinear optics imaging provides a good platform to study activated fibroblasts interacting with the microenvironment, where the ECM plays a pivotal role.
Mild heat treatment in vitro potentiates human adipose stem cells: delayed aging and improved quality
Authors: Ryu Chiseon , Lee Jae Young
Published: July 2023

Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained significant attention for diverse biomedical applications, including cell-based therapy. Hence, in vitro expansion of MSCs is critical; however, in vitro MSC culture inevitably leads to significant loss of stemness, growth, and differentiation potential.
Method Effects of mild heat treatment (HT) conditions (temperature, duration, and repetition) on the characteristics of adipose tissue-derived MSCs in vitro were systematically investigated. Characteristics of the MSCs subjected to the predetermined HT conditions (41 or 44ºC, 1 h, and 2X HT) were first analyzed in a single passage using various assays. In addition, the feasibility of HT for long-term MSC culture was studied. The RNA sequencing analyses were performed to elucidate the mechanism of HT effects on MSCs.
Results A comprehensive exploration of various HT conditions revealed that specific mild HT at 41ºC or 44ºC for 1 h upregulated the expression of heat shock proteins and stemness markers and enhanced differentiation potentials. Furthermore, periodic mild HT extended the maintenance of growth rate and stemness of MSCs up to an additional 10 passages, which substantially retarded their spontaneous aging during subsequent in vitro culture. RNA sequencing analyses unveiled that HT downregulated genes associated with aging and apoptosis.
Conclusion Our study successfully demonstrated that mild HT of MSCs has positive effects on their application in various biomedical fields, enhancing their capabilities and slowing down the aging process.
Photon-phonon collaboratively pumped laser
Authors: Chen Yanfeng , Fu Yu , Liang Fei , He Cheng , Yu Haohai , Zhang Huaijin
Published: July 2023

In 1916, Einstein considered stimulated photon emission of electron radiation, offering the theoretical foundation for laser1, technically achieved in 19602. To date, the laser has been emerging as cutting-edge modern technology from fundamental research to daily life3-8. However, the byproduct thermal phonons, along with heat creation of ineluctable non-radiative transition, is ineffective, even playing a detrimental role in lasing process. Despite the powerful ability of phonons, e.g., Raman process9,10 or Cooper pairs in superconductors11,12, it seems impractical to use random thermal phonons to help a highly coherent laser generation far beyond the inherent fluorescence spectra. Here, we realize a photon-phonon collaboratively pumped laser enhanced by heat in a counterintuitive way. We observe a clear laser transition from phonon-free 1064 nm lasing to phonon-pumped 1176 nm lasing in Nd:YVO4 crystals, associated with the phonon-pumped electron population inversion under gradually increasing temperature. Moreover, an additional temperature threshold (Tth) appears as the trigger besides ordinary photon pump power threshold (Pth). A two-dimensional lasing phase diagram of parameter space is revealed and experimentally verified with a general threshold curve ruled by Pth = C/Tth (constant C upon loss for a given crystal), similar to Curie’s Law13. We anticipate our strategy will promote the study of laser physics via dimension extending, searching for ultrahigh-efficiency and low-threshold yet tunable and compact laser devices via this new temperature degree of freedom.
Perspectives of French General Practitioners Regarding their Role in Detecting Alcohol Consumption in Pregnant Women and Identifying Individuals with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Leruste Sébastien , Delfarguiel Louise , Doray Bérénice , Loubaresse Coralie , Sennsfelder Laetitia , Maillard Thierry , Marimoutou Catherine , Spodenkiewicz Michel
Published: July 2023

Background: Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is the leading cause of non-genetic mental disability and social maladjustment in children. International guidelines recommend zero alcohol during pregnancy. Reunion is the most concerned from all the French regions with an estimated Foetal Alcohol Spectrum (FAS) prevalence of 1.2‰ births. General practitioners (GPs) are at the forefront of identifying patients with FASD.
Objective: To understand how GPs identify FASD.
Methods: Qualitative study with a grounded theory approach, through semi-structured face-to-face interviews with GPs. The interviews were conducted with the aim of reaching the theoretical saturation. These were transcribed into verbatim and then analysed by four researchers to ensure the triangulation of the data.
Results: The GPs reported obstacles to identify FASD: challenges in addressing taboos and paradoxical injunctions in society, the influence of limited knowledge and experience, non-specific and highly varying symptoms, ambiguous classification and method of diagnosis involving the mobilization of a multidisciplinary team and lengthy consultations. Conversely, they felt competent to identify neurodevelopmental disorders of all causes but were concerned about the long waiting period to access to specialized care. As per GPs' perspective, it is crucial to prioritize the promotion and training aimed at enhancing the identification and coordination of care pathways for children diagnosed with neurodevelopmental disorders, such FASD.