bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding networks in rural Cambodian farming communities and how they influence antibiotic use: A mixed methods study
Authors: Lim Jane Mingjie , Huy Sokchea , Chhay Ty , Khieu Borin , Hsu Li Yang , Tam Clarence C.
Published: March 2023

Biosecurity and preventive animal health services in Cambodian smallholder backyard farming systems are often limited, leading to an over-reliance on antibiotics. However, data on factors influencing antibiotic use in these settings are lacking. We conducted a study in two rural Cambodian farming communities to investigate how social and contextual influences affect both human and animal antibiotic use behaviours. Data were collected in three phases: a baseline household census to enumerate village residents, a social network survey to understand village-level social ties, and in-depth interviews to elicit information about the influence of social ties on their decision-making processes. Primary outcome measures included knowledge, attitudes and practices surrounding antibiotic use, and awareness of issues relating to antibiotic resistance. Participants commonly accessed antibiotics or learned animal antibiotic use practices through village-level informal sources such as pharmacies or animal health workers. While most participants reported not using antibiotics for animal growth promotion or illness prevention, misconceptions surrounding both antibiotic effectiveness and resistance were common. Social networks capturing informal, work-related and health-related social ties showed that familial connections and geographic proximity were of primary importance for information sharing. Using exponential random graph models, we demonstrated that familial ties, and closer geographic and geodesic distance, were associated with similarity in overall antibiotic knowledge and attitudes. The informal private sector plays a major role in provision of antibiotics and antibiotic-related information in backyard farming communities, but such information is maintained within close social groups. This demonstrates the importance of engaging village-level informal sources in the provision of antibiotic-related information for both human and animal health, as well as in potential interventions to encourage appropriate antibiotic behaviours in lower-resourced settings.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis by a needlestick injury, an occupational infection?
Authors: Perales-González Alejandra , Pérez-Garza Daniela Michelle , Garza-Dávila Valeria Fernanda , Ocampo-Candiani Jorge
Published: March 2023

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by over 20 species of Leishmania. Transmission is mainly via sandfly bites infected with promastigotes, through the placenta from mother to child, by sexual intercourse, blood transfusion, and occupationally acquired by direct inoculation into the skin. Clinical manifestations vary from self-limited cutaneous disease to a life-threatening visceral infection. In November 2021, a 29-year-old otherwise healthy dermatology resident suffered an accidental needlestick injury while performing a biopsy on a patient with a presumptive diagnosis of an infectious dermatosis, later confirmed as mucocutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania panamensis. Later, the resident developed an erythematous, painless papule at the point of inoculation, with a central ulcer and painful enlargement of ipsilateral lymph nodes. Biopsy was compatible with leishmaniasis. After completing a 20-day treatment with meglumine antimoniate, the ulcer had healed completely. At the 6-month follow-up, both patients remain asymptomatic. This case serves as a reminder that health providers should have the proper training and knowledge of their hospital management protocol for occupational injuries. Moreover, physicians should bear in mind that leishmaniasis is not exclusively transmitted by sandfly vectors.
Transparency in conducting and reporting research: A survey of authors, reviewers, and editors across scholarly disciplines
Authors: Malički Mario , Aalbersberg IJsbrand Jan , Bouter Lex , Mulligan Adrian , ter Riet Gerben
Published: March 2023

Calls have been made for improving transparency in conducting and reporting research, improving work climates, and preventing detrimental research practices. To assess attitudes and practices regarding these topics, we sent a survey to authors, reviewers, and editors. We received 3,659 (4.9%) responses out of 74,749 delivered emails. We found no significant differences between authors’, reviewers’, and editors’ attitudes towards transparency in conducting and reporting research, or towards their perceptions of work climates. Undeserved authorship was perceived by all groups as the most prevalent detrimental research practice, while fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, and not citing prior relevant research, were seen as more prevalent by editors than authors or reviewers. Overall, 20% of respondents admitted sacrificing the quality of their publications for quantity, and 14% reported that funders interfered in their study design or reporting. While survey respondents came from 126 different countries, due to the survey’s overall low response rate our results might not necessarily be generalizable. Nevertheless, results indicate that greater involvement of all stakeholders is needed to align actual practices with current recommendations.
The associations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep with V˙O2max in trained and untrained children and adolescents: A novel five-part compositional analysis
Authors: Runacres Adam , MacKintosh Kelly A. , Chastin Sebastien , McNarry Melitta A.
Published: March 2023

The benefits of physical activity (PA) and the negative impacts of sedentary time (SED) on both short- and long-term health in youth are well established. However, uncertainty remains about how PA and SED jointly influence maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2max). Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the joint influence of PA and SED on V˙O2max using compositional analyses. 176 adolescents (84 girls, 13.8 ± 1.8 years) completed an incremental ramp test and supramaximal validation bout on a cycle ergometer, with PA and SED recorded for seven consecutive days on the right hip using a ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer. Time spent in Sleep, SED, light, moderate and vigorous PA was analysed using a compositional linear regression model. Compositions with 10 minutes more time in vigorous PA (> 27.5 mins⋅day-1) compared to the average 17.5 mins⋅day-1 were associated with a + 2.9% - 11.1% higher absolute and scaled V˙O2max whilst compositions with less (> -10 mins⋅day-1) VPA were associated with a reduced absolute and allometrically scaled V˙O2max (-4.6% - 24.4%). All associations were irrespective of sex, maturity, and training status. The proportion of time spent sedentary had little impact on absolute and scaled V˙O2max (0.01–1.98%). These findings therefore highlight that intensity of PA may be of greater importance for increases in V˙O2max than reductions in SED and should be incorporated into future intervention designs.
Determinants of self-reported health status during COVID-19 lockdown among surveyed Ecuadorian population: A cross sectional study
Authors: Dueñas-Espín Iván , Jacques-Aviñó Constanza , Egas-Reyes Verónica , Larrea Sara , Torres-Castillo Ana Lucía , Trujillo Patricio , Peralta Andrés
Published: March 2023

Objective

To examine the associations of sociodemographic, socioeconomic, and behavioral factors with depression, anxiety, and self-reported health status during the COVID-19 lockdown in Ecuador. We also assessed the differences in these associations between women and men.

Design, setting, and participants

We conducted a cross-sectional survey between July to October 2020 to adults who were living in Ecuador between March to October 2020. All data were collected through an online survey. We ran descriptive and bivariate analyses and fitted sex-stratified multivariate logistic regression models to assess the association between explanatory variables and self-reported health status.

Results

1801 women and 1123 men completed the survey. Their median (IQR) age was 34 (27–44) years, most participants had a university education (84%) and a full-time public or private job (63%); 16% of participants had poor health self-perception. Poor self-perceived health was associated with being female, having solely public healthcare system access, perceiving housing conditions as inadequate, living with cohabitants requiring care, perceiving difficulties in coping with work or managing household chores, COVID-19 infection, chronic disease, and depression symptoms were significantly and independently associated with poor self-reported health status. For women, self-employment, having solely public healthcare system access, perceiving housing conditions as inadequate, having cohabitants requiring care, having very high difficulties to cope with household chores, having COVID-19, and having a chronic disease increased the likelihood of having poor self-reported health status. For men, poor or inadequate housing, presence of any chronic disease, and depression increased the likelihood of having poor self-reported health status.

Conclusion

Being female, having solely public healthcare system access, perceiving housing conditions as inadequate, living with cohabitants requiring care, perceiving difficulties in coping with work or managing household chores, COVID-19 infection, chronic disease, and depression symptoms were significantly and independently associated with poor self-reported health status in Ecuadorian population.
Self-selection biases in psychological studies: Personality and affective disorders are prevalent among participants
Authors: Kaźmierczak Izabela , Zajenkowska Anna , Rogoza Radosław , Jonason Peter K. , Ścigała Dawid
Published: March 2023

Respondents select the type of psychological studies that they want to participate in consistence with their needs and individual characteristics, which creates an unintentional self-selection bias. The question remains whether participants attracted by psychological studies may have more psychological dysfunctions related to personality and affective disorders compared to the general population. We investigated (N = 947; 62% women) whether the type of the invitation (to talk about recent critical or regular life events) or the source of the data (either face-to-face or online) attracts people with different psychopathology. Most importantly, participants who alone applied to take part in paid psychological studies had more symptoms of personality disorders than those who had never before applied to take part in psychological studies. The current results strongly translate into a recommendation for either the modification of recruitment strategies or much greater caution when generalizing results for this methodological reason.
A growing plastic smog, now estimated to be over 170 trillion plastic particles afloat in the world’s oceans—Urgent solutions required
Authors: Eriksen Marcus , Cowger Win , Erdle Lisa M. , Coffin Scott , Villarrubia-Gómez Patricia , Moore Charles J. , Carpenter Edward J. , Day Robert H. , Thiel Martin , Wilcox Chris
Published: March 2023

As global awareness, science, and policy interventions for plastic escalate, institutions around the world are seeking preventative strategies. Central to this is the need for precise global time series of plastic pollution with which we can assess whether implemented policies are effective, but at present we lack these data. To address this need, we used previously published and new data on floating ocean plastics (n = 11,777 stations) to create a global time-series that estimates the average counts and mass of small plastics in the ocean surface layer from 1979 to 2019. Today’s global abundance is estimated at approximately 82–358 trillion plastic particles weighing 1.1–4.9 million tonnes. We observed no clear detectable trend until 1990, a fluctuating but stagnant trend from then until 2005, and a rapid increase until the present. This observed acceleration of plastic densities in the world’s oceans, also reported for beaches around the globe, demands urgent international policy interventions.
Till debt does us apart: Cross-country evidence on the relationship between microfinance prevalence and social distrust
Authors: Masood Syed Muhammad Usman , Özcan Rasim , Khan Asad ul Islam
Published: March 2023

Economic interventions have social consequences. In this paper, we explore one such relationship, between microfinance intensity and social distrust levels reported by the low-income people. We find a significant association between microfinance intensity in a country and distrust among the poor as well as ultra-poor in cross-section using World Values Survey & European Values Survey (WVS-EVS) Wave 7 (2017–2022). We supplement these findings using empirical Bayes on a panel extending back from 7th to the 4th WVS wave (1999–2004). To deal with potential endogeneity, we run 2SLS as well as weak instruments-robust conditional instrumental variable tests and find evidence showing microfinance prevalence intensity affects distrust levels among the poor and ultra-poor households. We find no association between microfinance and distrust levels in the rich in any of the tests, potentially because the rich are not exposed to microfinance.
Fuzzy clustering for the within-season estimation of cotton phenology
Authors: Sitokonstantinou Vasileios , Koukos Alkiviadis , Tsoumas Ilias , Bartsotas Nikolaos S. , Kontoes Charalampos , Karathanassi Vassilia
Published: March 2023

Crop phenology is crucial information for crop yield estimation and agricultural management. Traditionally, phenology has been observed from the ground; however Earth observation, weather and soil data have been used to capture the physiological growth of crops. In this work, we propose a new approach for the within-season phenology estimation for cotton at the field level. For this, we exploit a variety of Earth observation vegetation indices (derived from Sentinel-2) and numerical simulations of atmospheric and soil parameters. Our method is unsupervised to address the ever-present problem of sparse and scarce ground truth data that makes most supervised alternatives impractical in real-world scenarios. We applied fuzzy c-means clustering to identify the principal phenological stages of cotton and then used the cluster membership weights to further predict the transitional phases between adjacent stages. In order to evaluate our models, we collected 1,285 crop growth ground observations in Orchomenos, Greece. We introduced a new collection protocol, assigning up to two phenology labels that represent the primary and secondary growth stage in the field and thus indicate when stages are transitioning. Our model was tested against a baseline model that allowed to isolate the random agreement and evaluate its true competence. The results showed that our model considerably outperforms the baseline one, which is promising considering the unsupervised nature of the approach. The limitations and the relevant future work are thoroughly discussed. The ground observations are formatted in an ready-to-use dataset and will be available at https://github.com/Agri-Hub/cotton-phenology-dataset upon publication.
Evolution of antibody titers after two doses of mRNA Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine and effect of the third dose in nursing home residents
Authors: Rodríguez-Avial Iciar , García-Salguero Cristina , Bermejo Laura , Teja Juan , Pérez-Cecilia Elisa , Delgado-Iribarren Alberto , Vigara Marta , Gil Pedro , Culebras Esther
Published: March 2023

Objectives

We evaluated the IgG antibody titer against SARS-CoV-2 in 196 residents of a Spanish nursing home after the second dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine and the evolution of this titer over time. The role of the third dose of the vaccine on immune-response is also analysed in 115 of participants.

Methods

Vaccine response was evaluated 1, 3 and 6 months after second dose of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine and 30 days after booster vaccination. Total anti-RBD (receptor binding domain) IgG immunoglobulins were measured to assess response. Six month after the second dose of vaccine and previously to the booster, T-cell response was also measured in 24 resident with different antibody levels. T-spot Discovery SARS-CoV-2 kit was used to identify cellular immunogenicity.

Results

As high as 99% of residents demonstrated a positive serological response after second dose. Only two patients showed no serologic response, two men without records of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. A higher immune response was associated with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection regardless of the gender or age. The anti-S IgG titers decreased significantly in almost all the participants (98.5%) after six months of vaccination whatever previous COVID-infection. The third dose of vaccine increased antibody titers in all patients, although initial vaccination values were not restored in the majority of cases.

Conclusion

The main conclusion of the study is that vaccine resulted in good immunogenicity in this vulnerable population. Nevertheless more data are needed on the long-term maintenance of antibody response after booster vaccination.
Cardiac magnetic resonance -detected myocardial injury is not associated with long-term symptoms in patients hospitalized due to COVID-19
Authors: Yar Aria , Uusitalo Valtteri , Vaara Satu M. , Holmström Miia , Vuorinen Aino-Maija , Heliö Tiina , Paakkanen Riitta , Kivistö Sari , Syväranta Suvi , Hästbacka Johanna
Published: March 2023

Background

Long-term symptoms are frequent after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We studied the prevalence of post-acute myocardial scar on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) in patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 and its association with long-term symptoms.

Materials and methods

In this prospective observational single-center study, 95 formerly hospitalized COVID-19 patients underwent CMR imaging at the median of 9 months after acute COVID-19. In addition, 43 control subjects were imaged. Myocardial scar characteristic of myocardial infarction or myocarditis were noted from late gadolinium enhancement images (LGE). Patient symptoms were screened using a questionnaire. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range).

Results

The presence of any LGE was higher in COVID-19 patients (66% vs. 37%, p<0.01) as was the presence of LGE suggestive of previous myocarditis (29% vs. 9%, p = 0.01). The prevalence of ischemic scar was comparable (8% vs. 2%, p = 0.13). Only two COVID-19 patients (7%) had myocarditis scar combined with left ventricular dysfunction (EF <50%). Myocardial edema was not detected in any participant. The need for intensive care unit (ICU) treatment during initial hospitalization was comparable in patients with and without myocarditis scar (47% vs. 67%, p = 0.44). Dyspnea, chest pain, and arrhythmias were prevalent in COVID-19 patients at follow-up (64%, 31%, and 41%, respectively) but not associated with myocarditis scar on CMR.

Conclusions

Myocardial scar suggestive of possible previous myocarditis was detected in almost one-third of hospital-treated COVID-19 patients. It was not associated with the need for ICU treatment, greater symptomatic burden, or ventricular dysfunction at 9 months follow-up. Thus, post-acute myocarditis scar on COVID-19 patients seems to be a subclinical imaging finding and does not commonly require further clinical evaluation.
Data linkage of two national databases: Lessons learned from linking the Dutch Arthroplasty Register with the Dutch Foundation for Pharmaceutical Statistics
Authors: van Brug Heather E. , Rosendaal Frits R. , van Steenbergen Liza N. , Nelissen Rob G. H. H. , Gademan Maaike G. J.
Published: March 2023

Background

To provide guidance on data linkage in case of non-unique identifiers, we present a case study linking the Dutch Foundation for Pharmaceutical Statistics and Dutch Arthroplasty Register to investigate opioid prescriptions before/after arthroplasty.

Methods

Deterministic data linkage was used. Records were linked on: sex, birthyear, postcode, surgery date, or thromboprophylaxis initiation as a proxy for the surgery date. Different postcodes were used, depending on availability: patient postcode (available from 2013 onwards), hospital postcode with codes for physicians/hospitals, and hospital postcode with catchment area. Linkage was assessed in several groups: linked arthroplasties, linked on patient postcode, linked on patient postcode, and low-molecular-weight heparin(LWMH). Linkage quality was assessed by checking prescriptions after death, antibiotics after revision for infection, and presence of multiple prostheses. Representativeness was assessed by comparing the patient-postcode-LMWH group with the remaining arthroplasties. External validation was performed by comparing our opioid prescription rates with those derived from datasets from Statistics Netherlands.

Results

We linked 317,899 arthroplasties on patient postcode/hospital postcode(48%). Linkage on the hospital postcode appeared insufficient. Linkage uncertainty ranged from roughly 30% in all arthroplasties to 10–21% in the patient-postcode-LMWH-group. This subset resulted in 166.357(42%) linked arthroplasties after 2013 with somewhat younger age, fewer females, and more often osteoarthritis than other indications compared to the other arthroplasties. External validation showed similar increases in opioid prescription rates.

Conclusions

After identifier selection, checking data availability and internal validity, assessing representativeness, and externally validating our results we found sufficient linkage quality in the patient-postcode-LMWH-group, which consisted of around 42% of the arthroplasties performed after 2013.
Systematically analysing the acceptability of pig farming systems with different animal welfare levels when considering intra-sustainability trade-offs: Are citizens willing to compromise?
Authors: Schütz Aurelia , Busch Gesa , Sonntag Winnie Isabel
Published: March 2023

In recent years, intensive pig husbandry has been subject to increasing public criticism, including a clear demand for more animal-friendly housing systems in many countries. However, such systems are associated with trade-offs at the expense of other sustainability domains, which challenges implementation and makes prioritization necessary. Overall, research is scarce that systematically analyses citizens’ evaluation of different pig housing systems and associated trade-offs. Given the ongoing transformation process of future livestock systems that meet social demands, it is crucial to include public attitudes. We therefore assessed how citizens evaluate different pig housing systems and whether they are willing to compromise animal welfare in trade-off situations. We conducted an online survey with 1,038 German citizens using quota and split sampling in a picture-based survey design. Participants were asked to evaluate several housing systems with different animal welfare levels and associated trade-offs based on an either positive (‘free-range’ in split 1) or negative (‘indoor housing with fully slatted floors’ in split 2) reference system. Initial acceptability was highest for the ‘free-range’ system, followed by ‘indoor housing with straw bedding and outdoor access’, ‘indoor housing with straw bedding’, and ‘indoor housing with fully slatted floors’, with only the latter being clearly not acceptable for many. Overall acceptability was higher with a positive rather than a negative reference system. When confronted with several trade-off situations, participants became uncertain and temporarily adjusted their evaluations. Thereby participants were most likely to trade off housing conditions against animal or human health rather than against climate protection or a lower product price. Nevertheless, a final evaluation demonstrated that participants did not fundamentally change their initial attitudes. Our findings provide evidence that citizens’ desire for good housing conditions is relatively stable, but they are willing to compromise at the expense of animal welfare up to a moderate level.
Factors associated with children and young people’s mental health in the English-speaking Caribbean region: Systematic review and narrative synthesis
Authors: Liverpool Shaun , Draoui Yasmin , Tucker Judea , Pereira Brent , Prescod Jamal , Owen Michael , Trotman Catherine
Published: March 2023

Background

Studies conducted in regions consisting of low and middle income and developing countries often report high prevalence of mental health problems among children and young people (CYP). To identify some of the contributing factors we examined the available evidence from research in one such setting.

Methods

Multiple academic databases and grey literature sources were searched until January 2022. We then identified primary research focusing on CYP’s mental health in the English-speaking Caribbean region. Data was extracted and summarized to form a narrative synthesis of the factors associated with CYP’s mental health. The synthesis was then organised according to the social-ecological model. The Joanna Briggs Institute’s critical appraisal tools were used to examine the quality of the reviewed evidence. The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42021283161.

Results

From 9684 records, 83 publications representing CYP ages 3 to 24 years from 13 countries met our inclusion criteria. The evidence was varied in quality, quantity and consistency for 21 factors associated with CYP’s mental health. Adverse events and negative peer to peer and sibling relationships were consistently associated with mental health problems, while helpful coping strategies were associated with better mental health. There were mixed findings for age, sex/gender, race/ethnicity, academic level, comorbidity, positive affect, health risks behaviours, religion/prayer, parent history, parent to parent and parent to child relationships, school/employment, geography and social status. There was also some limited evidence for associations between sexuality, screen time and policies/procedures and CYP’s mental health. At least 40% of the evidence contributing to each of the factors was judged as high quality.

Conclusion

Individual, relationship, community and societal factors may influence CYP’s mental health outcomes in the English-speaking Caribbean. Knowledge of these factors is useful to inform early identification and early interventions. More research is needed to explore inconsistent findings and understudied areas.
Other-orientedness: A practical tool for performance spirituality
Authors: Hanselaer Elien
Published: March 2023

In this article, I present the concept of other-orientedness, the intention of focusing on one’s co-performer(s) and their impulses. I introduce this concept as a tool for performance spirituality, which I understand as a certain attitude that can underpin performance practice and pedagogy, an attitude that enables the performer to perform from a centre that is not referred to as ‘self’ but transcendent of the self. I argue that such a performance spirituality can be helpful to performers, not only to create more meaningful performance experiences, but also in the contexts of the postmodern societies and the globalized world we live in. In this article, I therefore also critique the current position of trained performers who, as I claim, have suffered from the influence of a performance industry with a persistent self-directed focus which impedes performance spirituality. I suggest reflecting on that performance industry and increasing empathy levels in both rehearsal or performance contexts is necessary.
Music, performance and ZANU-PF’s hegemony in Mugabe’s newly independent Zimbabwe
Authors: Mpofu Mandlenkosi , Sibanda Nkululeko
Published: March 2023

The premise of this article is that popular music was a critical space for enforcing hegemonic dominance of ZANU-PF during the first decade of its rule, as perhaps in other eras. When it assumed power in 1980, ZANU-PF did not hide its intention to establish single-party rule, which was then popular across Africa. Top among competing priorities for the new regime was removing all centres of political opposition or resistance. But PF-ZAPU, ZANU-PF’s erstwhile liberation war rival, threatened this vision in south-western Zimbabwe, where it enjoyed significant support. We analyse music that promoted ZANU-PF hegemony in the context of the Gukurahundi ‘genocide’ in the early 1980s, a campaign that was part of the desire for complete dominance of Zimbabwe. The music contained a celebratory discourse spreading fear and emotional violence, thus censoring and suffocating competing narratives about the new state.
The impact of COVID-19 on science journalists in South Africa: Investigating effects, challenges, quality concerns and training needs
Authors: Joubert Marina , van Zuydam Lali , Franks Suzanne
Published: March 2023

Since early 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic demanded ongoing media coverage unprecedented in its scope and reach. As a result, the pandemic dominated global and national news headlines for an extended period of time. Science and health journalists, and their colleagues covering other journalistic beats, were called upon to report on various aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic and many journalists found themselves in unchartered waters. To investigate the effects of the pandemic on journalists in South Africa, we adopted a qualitative approach and conducted semi-structured, in-depth interviews with twenty science, health and environmental journalists. We explored the challenges and demands that they faced, as well as how the pandemic changed science journalism in South Africa. This study highlights journalists’ capacity-building needs as identified during the pandemic and suggests ways to strengthen science journalism in the country.
The overharvest of porcupine species for bushmeat and traditional
medicine in Malaysia
Authors: Hasan Siti Mastura , Csányi Sándor
Published: March 2023

The commercial harvesting to supply the demands of the regional
market and beyond with bushmeat and traditional medicinal products has
exerted pressure on porcupine species which have reduced population
densities in Malaysia regions. This study determined the over-harvested and
poaching of the porcupine species in Malaysia by investigating confiscated
data of porcupine species, and their parts from 2011 to April 2021. A total
of 31 confiscated cases were obtained amounting to an estimated 320
porcupines. Based on the results, porcupines are harvested for bushmeat,
traditional medicines, and trophies. This study proved that porcupines are
being illegally poaching and over-harvested in Malaysia because of the poor
legislation. Lack of awareness of the implications of unsustainable
harvesting and difficulty in monitoring by the relevant authorities and
organizations appear to be the main challenges to porcupine conservation in
Malaysia. This study highlights the lack of research study documenting the
overharvesting of the porcupine and the implication of these results are
important for future adaptive porcupine management in Malaysia.
Eurasian Woodcock monitoring in Hungary between 2009–2021
Authors: Schally Gergely , Csányi Sándor
Published: March 2023

To preserve the traditional spring hunting of the Eurasian Woodcock
(Scolopax rusticola) in Hungary while also assuring its sustainability, a
monitoring program was maintained with the coordination of the Hungarian
Hunters’ National Association. The program's primary goal was to estimate
the size of the migrating population in the country based on synchronised
census data and track its long-term changes. The program was maintained
successfully with national coverage in the last 13 years, and it was based
on synchronised roding surveys performed weekly, 12 times each spring. The
observers used standardised paper forms to record the number of contacts
(Woodcocks seen and/or heard). Hunting of Woodcock between 2010–2021 was
only allowed for the monitoring program participants with strict regulation
and obligatory sample collection from each bird. The primary purpose of
sample collection was to assess the sex- and age structure of the
population and to evaluate their trends. According to the results, no
significant trend could be observed either in the population size or the
sex- and age composition between 2009 and 2021. The proportion of males was
above 75% each year, while the proportion of first-year birds and adults
was almost identical in the annual hunting bags. The measure of harvesting
was meagre compared to the size of the population, and it had no
significant, detectable impact.
Effect of actions supported by the National Game Management Fund
according to the hunters in Hungary
Authors: Biró Zsolt , Katona Krisztián , Márton Mihály , Schally Gergely , Csányi Sándor
Published: March 2023

Since 2017, grants from the National Game Management Fund have
supported the development of the habitats for the game species by providing
hiding and feeding places for them and by the effective control of their
predators. We evaluated the effects of these management actions on the
local wildlife populations with a questionnaire survey among the supported
game management units between 2018 and 2020. We asked them about their
impressions or measured data regarding the size and quality of the game
populations treated during the program. We compared the conditions before
and after the interventions, specifying the methods in case of
measurements. The 241 answers covered 35% of all the supported game
management units. Most applicants (94%) rated their management actions as
effective, while only 2% reported the contrary. Game managers collected
data to measure the efficiency relatively infrequently (14±9% of the
beneficiaries for each variable group in each target area, min-max: 3–44%).
Much more often, they relied on non-scientific observations and perceptions
(63±14%, min-max: 36–93%). We conclude that it would be necessary to
evaluate the efficiency on the basis of systematic data collection and
analyses (monitoring), at least with smaller samples at the level of game
management units. Game managers should measure the use of the treated areas
by the game species and the changes in the quantity and quality of the
populations (e.g., camera trapping at drinking and feeding sites, spotlight
counts of brown hares, estimating the reproduction, condition or trophy
quality indices).
Site-specific plant number control in precision sunflower (Helianthus
annuus l.) production
Authors: Monoki Szabolcs , Csornai Gábor , Zalai Mihály , Nagy János
Published: March 2023

We consider sunflower as a plant that uses the soil moisture
extremely. Hybrids utilize soil water resources with varying degrees of
efficiency, which is also greatly influenced by the planted number of
plants. In our study, we examined the applicability of the applied
precision sowing technique as a function of the number of seedlings
resulting different distance between seedlings, and attempted to determine
the sunflower crop density range that best fits the heterogeneous
productivity zones of the given crop area. The productivity zones were
created using GIS methods. For both sample areas, three well-separable
zones in terms of productivity (high, medium, low) were identified.
Considering the feasibility aspects of the experiment, three seedling steps
were used in each fertility zone in four replicates. Based on the results
of the control of the number of plants and the distance between the plants,
the accuracy and applicability of the sowing technology decreases inversely
with the increase of the number of seedlings. In areas with high and medium
productivity, moderately increased number of seedlings resulted higher
yields, while in low productivity zones, moderately reduced density did not
result lower yields than base planting. The thousand grain weight decreased
significantly with increasing the number of seedlings, while the oil
content increased significantly with increasing the number of seedlings in
each productivity zones.
Az infláció számírásának történetéről
Authors: Sugár András
Published: March 2023

Interjú Sugár Andrással, a Budapesti Corvinus Egyetem egyetemi docensével A Fejlődésgazdaságtan Szakosztály interjút készített Sugár Andrással, a BCE Statisztika Tanszékének korábbi vezetőjével a fogyasztóiár-index számításának történetéről és gazdaságpolitikai összefüggéseiről. A fogyasztóiár-index számítás jelenlegi módszertanáról az alábbi podcastban ajánljuk olvasóink figyelmébe: https://anchor.fm/ksh-podcast/episodes/KSH- Podcast-8–rsz-A-fogyasztir-index-szmtsrl-eot9ob Az interjú elkészítésében Mihele Mihály András vett részt.
Controle de qualidade: Uma abordagem sobre as análises físico-químicas aplicadas aos insumos farmacêuticos segundo RDC 67/2007
Authors: Marcus Roberto da Silva  , Santos Jacqueline da Silva Guimarães dos , Dantas Luciana Arantes
Published: March 2023

Atualmente, as farmácias de manipulação têm passado por profundas transformações visando o atendimento das condições de boas práticas de qualidade, buscando uma boa reprodutibilidade e uniformidade dos medicamentos. Esta revisão bibliográfica teve como objetivo compreender a importância da qualidade e a segurança dos medicamentos manipulados através dos cuidados dos insumos farmacêuticos segundo RDC 67/2007. A realização dos ensaios físico-químicos é uma importante ferramenta para garantir a qualidade, segurança, eficácia e credibilidade dos medicamentos. Para isso os padrões de qualidade pré-estabelecidos servem como auxílio na calibração de equipamentos, de controle do ambiente e infraestrutura adequada. A RDC 67/2007 veio para estabelecer os requisitos mínimos para o exercício das atividades de manipulação, inclusive as análises a serem executadas tanto nos insumos farmacêuticos, quanto no produto acabado. Dessa forma é possível afirmar que a obtenção de medicamentos manipulados seguros, eficazes, de qualidade e que atenda às necessidades e expectativa do cliente é possível, porém o controle de qualidade dos insumos farmacêuticos por si só não assegura a qua-lidade do medicamento.
O transporte individual de passageiros: uma análise sobre a chegada do Uber no Brasil e as principais vantagens desta economia do compartilhamento
Authors: Andrade Camila Izabel de
Published: March 2023

O presente artigo científico apresenta um estudo sobre a economia do compartilhamento, sendo conhecido nos dias atuais como o aplicativo de celular Uber. Este aplicativo pode se definir como um intermediário entre passageiros interessados em se deslocar pelos centros urbanos e por proprietários de automóveis interessados em oferecer transporte individual remunerado. O Uber se originou na cidade de São Francisco na Califórnia e acabou causando certa polêmica em todos os países em que atua por estar supostamente envolvido com concorrência desleal em relação aos serviços de táxi, os quais possuem uma série de exigências legais para operar que não estão sendo exigidas na mesma proporção dos motoristas parceiros do Uber. Através desta economia de compartilhamento pode-se dividir o uso ou a compra de serviços facilitada, principalmente, por aplicativos. Tal prática e modelo econômico é mediado pela internet, baseado em compartilhamento. Este artigo se propõe a analisar a atuação do Uber no Brasil a partir das primeiras experiências do programa no país, mais precisamente nas cidades do Rio de Janeiro (2014), São Paulo (2014), Belo Horizonte (2014) e Distrito Federal (2015), bem como as implicações desta modalidade de serviço para a mobilidade urbana. É importante analisar na perspectiva da atualidade tendo como referência para a discussão, e enfatizados os posicionamentos dos Poderes Executivo, Legislativo e Judiciário em relação aos principais pontos de discórdia demonstrados ao longo da elaboração do presente artigo científico. Por fim, considera-se que tanto a livre concorrência quanto a reserva de mercado no transporte individual de passageiros possuem a mesma finalidade: promover o acesso universal à cidade. Contudo, não seria prudente responder qual dos dois caminhos melhores atende a sua finalidade sem estar associado a um estudo empírico sobre a real necessidade de transporte individual em cada cidade específica.
Primeiro registro do catatau, Campylorhynchus turdinus (Wied, 1831) (aves: Troglodytidae), no estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil
Authors: Jacomassa Fábio André Facco
Published: March 2023

O catatau é uma ave silvícola, nômade e que tem afinidade por áreas perturbadas. Restrito a América do Sul, distribui-se desde o centro sul da Colômbia e leste do Equador e Peru, parte central e noroeste, até o sul do Brasil e nordeste da Argentina, também em uma porção disjunta do leste do Brasil. Relato aqui o primeiro registro para Santa Catarina, em 25 de janeiro de 2023, por vocalização de um indivíduo. Três dias depois havia três indivíduos e um pode ser fotografado. Sua expansão geográfica é muito provavelmente atribuída ao desmatamento, também sendo consistente com a previsão de que os organismos estão estendendo sua distribuição geográfica em direção a latitudes e elevações mais altas, como consequência das alterações climáticas.
Avaliação dos transtornos alimentares e seus impactos na qualidade de vida: Uma revisão sistemática da literatura
Authors: Aquino Mayco Carneiro , Braz Washington Moura , Oliveira Gislene Farias de
Published: March 2023

Os transtornos alimentares são definidos como comportamentos físicos e alimentares inadequados e persistentes relacionados a emoções extremas que podem impactar diretamente na saúde física e psicossocial do indivíduo. Afetam mais de 30 milhões de pessoas e trazem consigo morbidade e mortalidade significativas. O rastreamento eficaz de transtornos alimentares é fundamental, pois esses transtornos são comumente subdiagnosticados e subtratados. O presente estudo objetivou  uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre a avaliação dos transtornos alimentares e seus impactos na qualidade de vida, nos últimos 10 anos, especificamente de 2010 a 2020, na base de dados PubMed, em artigos de língua portuguesa,  inglesa ou espanola. Os resultados eliciaram 5 categorias: 1 - Implicações físicas/fisiológicas (3,3%); 2 – Implicações mentais/emocionais (43,3%); 3 – Implicações sociais (6,6%); 4 – Implicações na manutenção do tratamento (6,6%) e 5 – Implicações no agravamento, fatores predisponentes e reforço do transtorno alimentar (40%).  Embora o número de artigos neste estudo seja relativamente pequeno ante as buscas iniciais na literatura, foram suficientes para retratar a realidade através de diversas dimensões possíveis, conforme as cinco categorias eliciadas. Mesmo que a amostra não permita uma generalização dos achados, mas proporcionaram uma concordância entre si quanto ao prejuízo dos Transtornos alimentares relativamente a qualidade de vida de seus portadores.
Influência da Propaganda na Automedicação entre a população de Vitória da Conquista
Authors: Azevedo Monarly Campos , Santos Rafael Pires dos , Menezes Ana Carolina Pessoa Moreira
Published: March 2023

A automedicação é uma conduta praticada por boa parte da população, sendo definida como uso de medicamentos sem prescrição médica, no qual o indivíduo determina o fármaco e a dosagem que serão utilizados. Apesar de ser uma ação rotineira, pode apresentar riscos e agravos à saúde, como por exemplo mascarar sintomas de doenças, interações e intoxicações. Essa prática pode ser influenciada pelas propagandas medicamentosas, criadas pela indústria farmacêutica com o intuito de aumentar suas vendas. Neste contexto, o objetivo dessa pesquisa visou avaliar o perfil da prática de automedicação por habitantes de um município do sudoeste baiano e como o marketing   influencia em seu comportamento de consumo. Foi realizada uma pesquisa de caráter transversal, de abordagem quantitativa no município de Vitória da Conquista – BA. A coleta foi realizada de forma presencial com 100 participantes durante o mês de outubro de 2022 por meio da aplicação de um questionário contendo 15 perguntas. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que 90% são adeptos a automedicação, sendo 75,5% destes devido à cefaleia. Apesar de 59,8% declararem que prescrição anterior é o principal motivo da automedicação, 42% já compraram medicamentos porque viram em propagandas e 54% acreditam que haja influência da propaganda sobre o consumo de fármacos. Com base nisso, percebeu-se que a prevalência da automedicação na amostra estudada é elevada, o que indica a necessidade de normas mais efetivas sobre marketing farmacêutico, visando a promoção do uso racional de medicamentos
Um Breve Ensaio Quanto a Relação Entre o Processo de Adoecimento e a Valorização da Espiritualidade dos Pacientes
Authors: Andrade Pedro Ikaro Rodrigues de , Gomes Brenna Amaro , Puentes Teresa Manuela Oliveira , Bessa Neto Jacob Ferreira de , Leite Bruno Gonçalves , Macedo Raimundo Thiago
Published: March 2023

Muitos são os grupos religiosos onde a cura espiritual e física tem um papel vital. Muitas pessoas até associam essas religiões com o processo de cura. No âmbito médico, esse apego religioso pode ser benéfico ou nocivo. Benéfico pois muitas dessas religiões pregam a passividade, conforto, e paz, ao mesmo tempo que impõem códigos de ética que os inibem da exposição à alguns comportamentos de risco, como o consumo de álcool e drogas, praticar atos de violência e outros. O presente estudo discorre comentários acerca do processo de adoecimento e cura ante as questões da espiritualidade. Os resultados demonstraram que o processo de adoecimento do corpo vai muito além dos diagnósticos clínicos. Neste sentido, o sujeito não pode mais ser visto apenas como um corpo que não está sadio. Há que o considerar  holisticamente, levando-se em consideração toda a sua complexidade, incluindo-se aí, seus valores, suas pressuposições, bem como suas crenças pessoais e espirituais. Portanto, é necessária uma análise multiprofissional que considere o sujeito em todas as suas dimensões biopsicossociais.
Socialização nos Festivais de Música Eletrônica: Uma Solidão Acompanhada
Authors: Cembranel Priscila , Ramos Fernando Maciel , Rocha Marcos Jorge de Souza , Silva Emerson Jorge da , Pechibilski Nilton William , Contesini Sibeli Liziane Drozdek
Published: March 2023

Festivais de música eletrônica visam proporcionar a melhor experiência do cliente em mente. Por isso, buscamos analisar a forma como as pessoas interagem nesses eventos e como isso pode possibilitar a compreensão da trajetória pessoal e coletiva desse espaço específico. O objetivo principal deste estudo é a forma como ocorre a sociabilidade entre os participantes desses festivais, descrevendo como a jornada individual interage com a jornada social. A investigação ocorreu em festivais de música eletrônica do litoral catarinense utilizando o método etnográfico, observação participante e a técnica de registro em campo. Os resultados revelaram a influência das vantagens no desenvolvimento de vínculos entre frequentadores. As formas como as pessoas “contornam” as regras e ocupam espaços privilegiados. O papel do DJ na forma como as pessoas interagem e na comunhão de emoções entre os frequentadores.
Heparinização Versus Salinização em Catéter totalmente implantado: Revisão Integrativa
Authors: Silva Ricardo da , Silva Camila Bezerra , Martins Rosa Maria Grangeiro , Rocha Regina Petrola Bastos , Garcia Cíntia de Lima , Alves Dailon de Araújo
Published: March 2023

Avaliar a eficácia da salinização comparada a heparinização na permeabilidade do cateter totalmente implantado. Revisão integrativa da literatura. A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados National Library of Medicine, Science Direct, Scientific Electronic Library Online e Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde. Na lavagem do port-a-cath é utilizado 10 a 20ml de SF a 0,9%, podendo chegar até 20 ml para lavagem, no bloqueio é utilizado SF a 0,9% para salinizar ou solução heparinizada, com concentrações de 50 a 100U/ml, podendo chegar até 500U/ml para heparinizar, ambos com flush de 1,5 a 5 ml. O SF destacou-se mostrando segurança no bloqueio do port-a-cath. O uso de cateter totalmente implantado em paciente oncológico mostrou-se de tamanha importância para os procedimentos, os estudos mostraram que não há diferença significativa entre as soluções, sugerindo o uso de SF a 0,9% para o bloqueio do cateter.