bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BUILDING AND MINING GRAPH DATABASES FROM BIOMEDICAL HETEROGENEOUS NETWORKS
Authors: Vu Duc Hung , Le Thi Huong , Dang Xuan Tho
Published: October 2021

All things and phenomena in life, especially in the fields of life and biomedical medicine, are more or less related, interact with each other, forming a heterogeneous network. Therefore, when studying an object, we need to consider the relationships around it. However, current research often focuses on a specific object, not considering other subjects that are influencing it. Therefore, this paper proposes to use a graph database as an approach to dealing with heterogeneous networks solving the biomedical problem. Experimental results on two heterogeneous networks, miRNA-disease, and autism-miRNA-protein, has drawn the network of interactions, the relationships in a very intuitive way; shows the interaction between each specific object in the graph; and finally, statistics the interaction levels and shows the top 5 diseases, the top 5 miRNAs with the most interaction in the data. From there, it can be seen that the proposed method improves efficiency, increases accuracy, and reduces execution time compared to the traditional way of storing data before.
The relationship between difficulties in emotion regulation and self-injurious behavior of junior high school students
Authors: Nguyen Thi Ngoc Be
Published: October 2021

To study the relationship between emotional management difficulties and self-injurious behaviour in junior high school students, the author used the survey method by questionnaire and the multiple-choice process to conduct the study to survey 347 junior high school students in Hue city. Research results show that 39.5% of students have ever self-injured. The forms of self-injury are diverse; Difficulties in emotion regulation, alexithymia, emotion reactivity and self-injurious behaviour are strongly correlated. Difficulties in emotion regulation and emotion reactivity had a linear correlation with self-injurious behaviour, and it accounted for 27.2% of the variation in the self-injurious behaviour score. This study shows that school counsellors, teachers, and parents need to pay attention to the emotional management difficulty in counselling and therapy for middle school students with self-injurious behaviour.
Developing responsibility links between teacher training institutions and schools in the organization of teaching intership for students
Authors: Ha Thi Lan Huong
Published: October 2021

Building the responsibility link teacher training institutions and schools in the organization of teaching intership for students is of key importance in the teacher education process. Because the period of pedagogical internship takes place in schools, students have the opportunity to get to know the school practice where they will work after graduation; where they apply the theoretical knowledge learned into their own works; a place that gives students insights into practical and relevant local and contextualities. However, in the current teacher training practice, the responsibility link between schools and education universities remains one way, in which schools participate in assisting the education universities as supporters rather than stakeholders. In particular, the reality shows the lack of motivation to make mentors participate in instructing internships, the lack of regulations on responsibility commitments, and agreements on professional interests between the two sides to orient the responsibility for participation. Based on analyzing the content of teaching intership, the current situation of responsibility association between teacher training institutions and schools, the article indicates principles, building a responsible link between the education universities and the schools in the organization of teaching intership for students towards the development of a sustainable and effective collaborative relationship.
Overview of clinical data management and statistical analysis of bioequivalence study
Authors: N. G. Kala , Shruti O. , B. M. Aishwarya
Published: October 2021

Owing to the demands of both pharmaceutical industry and the regulatory authorities’ clinical data management (CDM) field came into practice. CDM plays a vital role in the study data gathering stage of clinical research. In order to meet this goal, specialized tools i.e. software applications are used to maintain audit trials that offer easy identification and resolution of data discrepancies even in huge and complex clinical trials. Hence a proper and effective clinical data management is required for generating high-quality, accurate, reliable and statistically sound dataset. Such dataset are relatively easy to interpret which is a key step in statistical analysis of a bioequivalence study. Performance of a thorough analysis is dependent on the quality of the trial data. This review highlights how data is processed after it is captured through eCRF, data validation, data cleaning and statistical analysis specially focused on Bioequivalence studies.
An unusual case of multiple head and neck carcinoma with cutaneous metastasis
Authors: Kumar Vikas , Katyal Sonal , Malhotra Vikas , Kn Arif , Dhakal Sunita
Published: October 2021

The clinical presentation of multiple head and neck primary carcinomas is rare and may lead to the wrong diagnosis and treatment. The present case was of a 62 year old male who developed infiltrating squamous cell carcinoma of larynx and got treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Subsequently after 3 years, he developed carcinoma tip of the nose. During work up for the same, there was accidental discovery of tonsillar adenosquamous carcinoma. The patient was treated for laryngeal carcinoma with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Nasal tip carcinoma was treated with wide local excision with local flap reconstruction. Based upon histopathological examination and positron emission tomography (PET) scan for tonsillar adenosquamous carcinoma, the patient was referred for intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Patients with head and neck carcinoma should be inspected thoroughly with any history or development of new lesions since prognosis in such patients is very poor. However treatment and management is always palliative and should be individualized to the patient.
Once again about the basis of criminal liability in the aspect of modern criminal policy
Authors: Ivanchin Artem V.
Published: October 2021

The article shows the evolution of the normative model of the basis of criminal liability in soviet times and in recent history (during the period of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR in 1922, the Criminal Code of the RSFSR in 1926, the Criminal Code of the RSFSR in 1960 and the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation in 1996). The author substantiates the opinion that when determining the basis of criminal liability, the lawmaker should avoid extremes and strive to find the «golden mean». In this regard, the concept of a “dangerous state of personality”, developed by representatives of the sociological school of law and introduced into the domestic criminal law almost a hundred years ago, is criticized. At the same time, the article proves the need to take into account, within reasonable limits and forms, in the process of criminal law-making, the dangerous properties of the criminal’s personality. The author criticizes the criminal policy of recent years regarding the introduction of amendments to the Special Part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, which are not consistent with art. 3, 8 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (when the boundaries of the corpus delicti are vaguely formulated, not acts, but states are criminalized, etc.).
About the basis and limits of criminalization of public spread of knowingly false information in the media and telecommunication networks
Authors: Balandin Vladislav I.
Published: October 2021

Basis and limits of criminalization of spread of knowingly false information is proved in article. From the point of view of law enforcement, the author evaluates the legal technique of the corpus delicti of crimes in Articles 2071 and 2072 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. In connection with the regulation of those spheres of public relations that previously did not need it, the study touches on certain aspects concerning the basis of criminal liability for the dissemination of deliberately false information about circumstances that pose a threat to the life and safety of citizens, or entailed serious consequences. Consider the separation of the components of administrative offences and criminal offences in connection with the public dissemination of false information in the media, information and telecommunication networks. The conclusion is made about the unjustified alternativeness of the studied compositions in criminal and administrative law, which complicates law enforcement practice. It also offers recommendations for resolving existing conflicts in legislative and law enforcement practice.
Models of municipal management and personnel exchange with regions: are the implemented practices effective?
Authors: Turovsky Rostislav F. , Lyutikova Alina P.
Published: October 2021

The reform of the municipal system carried out since 2010 has revealed changes in the models of power organization and the growing interest of the federal authorities in the formation of reliable managerial personnel at the local level. The analysis of biographies of heads of municipalities in 80 subjects of the Federation, conducted by the authors of the article, showed that the state authorities actively use the municipal level as a personnel reserve. The study systematizes data on the choice of municipalities of one of the three main management models - the model of an elected head, a single-headed model of a city manager and a two-headed model. The article shows that the process of recruiting the municipal elite in Russia since 2010 has been intertwined with the formation of the state bureaucracy and the deputy corps, and the regional and municipal elite have become inseparable from each other, which corresponds to the peculiarities of the functioning of regional political regimes in Russia, where there are no two independent levels of power. The paper uses statistical methods to confirm the expediency of switching to non-electoral models for determining municipal heads from the point of view of stabilizing the political regime. The authors conclude that the reform of local self-government contributed to the formation of a unified system of public power in Russia before the constitutional reform of 2020, and the merging of the regional and municipal elite has a stabilizing political effect, playing an important role in strengthening the existing political regime.
The structure of employment of pensioners in China in the context of reforming the pension system
Authors: Min You , Kiselev Igor Y.
Published: October 2021

In the article the results of sociological research, directed to the study of pensioners’ employment structure in China under the situation of pension system’s reformation and gradual increase of retirement age, are presented. It is demonstrated that the level of pensioners’ employment in China remains relatively low. The major incentives to continue labor activities are of economic origin and deal with the low pension and desire to have savings for the future. Low wages and unfavorable terms of work are becoming the main barriers to employment of working pensioners. As the reason for their unemployment the non-working pensioners name the absence of vacancies, corresponding to their qualifications. It is established that the further labor activities for almost half of the pensioners is accompanied by a change of place of work and / or profession. There is an outflow of pensioners from such spheres of employment as power structures (army, security agencies), government bodies, finance and insurance, and industry. Agriculture is becoming the “accepting” industry for pensioners. After retirement, the number of employees in state-owned enterprises is reduced. Simultaneously, there is an increase in the share of pensioners in private enterprises; they become entrepreneurs or the self-employed. At the same time, pensioners are often employed in low-skilled labor. In this regard, the reform of China's pension system, including raising the retirement age, should be accompanied by the development of measures to promote the employment of the elderly, taking into account both quantitative and qualitative aspects. Among them are: the subsidizing employment for pensioners, promoting the education of the elderly, developing measures for additional social support for working pensioners.
The Role Of Law Clinics in the Fight Against Statelessness by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (Unhcr) in Nigeria
Authors: Abdulkadir Maryam Idris
Published: October 2021

Statelessness has become a global phenomenon. Statelessness simply means that a person does not belong to any country in the world. It means that a person does not have a nationality or any means to prove his or her nationality. The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) has embarked on a fight against Statelessness. The UNHCR have estimated that 10 million people in the world are stateless, one million of which are located in West Africa, although no figure has been estimated yet in Nigeria. However, because of numerous factors, the UNHCR has brought the fight against statelessness to Nigeria. They have mapped out their strategies in a National Action Plan (NAP) in 2018, and among such strategies are awareness and sensitization. They are of the belief that Nigerians are not aware of the concept of Statelessness. To test their assertion, empirical research was conducted for this paper via a questionnaire. One of the major consequences of statelessness is that stateless persons are deprived from enjoying their basic fundamental human rights like the right to freedom of movement, civil and political rights and the right to access of certain services which include access to health care and access to justice. More so, the Universal declaration of Human Rights states that everyone has a right to a nationality, which means the very notion of being stateless runs contrary to this universal basic right. This paper submits that derivation of fundamental rights especially access to justice is a social justice issue that could be handled through public interest lawyering. These two- Social Justice and Public Interest Lawyering- form part of the Clinical Legal Education (CLE) curriculum, therefore a nexus is immediately formed between CLE and the fight against statelessness. From the results of the research conducted in this paper, it is recommended that the service component of CLE, which is the Law Clinics, can assist the UNHCR in the fight against statelessness in Nigeria by actualising some of their strategies contained in the NAP which include but not limited to; sensitization and awareness. The UNHCR also raised a red flag on lack of data on this issue; again, this paper recommends that law clinicians can be their foot soldiers and aid in gathering the necessary data through client interviews and outreach activities. Lastly, the benefits of this partnership between the law clinics and UNHCR to the law clinicians was also outlined, as it will be of extreme benefit to them and it would lead to the achievement of the ultimate outcome and objective of CLE .

Keywords: Statelessness, Nationality, Identity, Access to Justice, Human Rights, Law Clinics, Social Justice, Public Interest.
Student in the Seats, Teacher in the Streets: Evaluating the Impacts of Law Students Becoming “Street Law” Teachers
Authors: Golob Brandon
Published: October 2021

The need for public legal education is at an all-time high. From constitutional law issues raised by the recent presidential election to increased media coverage of police brutality, there are numerous examples of why it is crucial to teach practical law to non-lawyers. Street Law programs, administered by law students to teenagers, are a prominent type of public legal education. Despite the urgent importance of Street Law programs, there is limited research on their pedagogical effectiveness, or how they affect those who administer them. This project helps to close that gap through its multimethod research on the course instructors. In addition to completing this program evaluation, the project also (1) develops a theoretical framework that will enable law school administrators and scholars from a variety of disciplines to understand how law students are impacted by Street Law programs, and (2) lays the foundation for future assessments of Street Law and other public law education programs. The importance of understanding the impacts of these programs, which the results of this study show to be overwhelmingly positive, cannot be overstated because they have broad potential to affect law students’ transition to practice and society at large.
Identification Damage of PMT 500KV BAY 7A1 Using the Breaker Analyzer and Contact Resistance Methods at the Substation
Authors: Dwi Prasetya Helmi , Latifa Ulinnuha , Hidayat Rahmat
Published: October 2021

One of the state-owned companies in the electricity sectors, located in South Bandung with the main function of managing distribution installation assets (Transmission and Substation) and maintenance of distribution installation assets to maintain the continuity of efficient and reliable distribution of high voltage electrical energy. In substations, PMT is the most important component, coordination between PMT divisions must be paid more attention. One of the disturbances in PMT is the high value of contact resistance and it is not synchronous during the Open-Close process. The research was aimed to identify how much the value of contact resistance at each PMT, and how much loss of conductivity of PMT and also carried out simultaneous testing to observe the level of synchronization between phases. After various tests were carried out, by looking at the results of these tests, it could be concluded that the PMT 7A1 had no damage, and could still operate normally. Then, the purpose of maintaining high voltage electrical equipment is to ensure the continuity of electricity distribution and ensure reliability, and to extend the life of the equipment by reducing equipment damage.
Prediction of Students' Ability to Difficulty Level of Problem Based on Linear Method
Authors: Ananta Vidada Hervit , Mulyanto Yuniarno Eko , Mardi Susiki Nugroho Supeno , Laili Yuhana Umi
Published: October 2021

Knowing the ability of students is something that is important to formulate exam questions correctly, namely questions with the appropriate level of difficulty. However, in general, exam questions are prepared with the assumption that students' abilities are the same, so the results obtained do not reflect the actual abilities of students. This study focuses on predicting the ability of grade 6 students in mathematics. The data was obtained from 400 exam questions with 8 materials done by 23 students. Students' ability categories are grouped into 3, namely high ability, medium ability, and low ability. The difficulty of the questions is grouped into difficult questions, medium questions, and easy questions based on the assessments of 5 different class teachers. Our research uses the linear regression method and successfully shows that there is a close relationship between students' abilities and the level of difficulty of the questions. The difficulty level of the questions contributed 63% to the students' abilities. The standard error of 0.04905 means that the regression model is the right model in determining students' abilities.
İnsan Kaynakları Yönetiminde Stratejik Eğilimin Organizasyon Geliştirme Bağlamında Farklılaştırıcı Rolü
Authors: ACAR Seda , ÇİÇEK Işık
Published: October 2021

Günümüzde örgütsel çevreyi oluşturan bileşenlerin sayısı ve değişim hızlarındaki artış, organizasyon hedeflerine ulaşmayı zorlaştırmakta ve işletmelerin gerçekleştirdikleri örgüt geliştirme süreçleri bu bağlamda hedeflere ulaşmada izlenecek bir yol olarak önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada işletmelerin İKY perspektifinde stratejik eğilimlerinin organizasyon geliştirme sürecinde nasıl bir farklılaştırıcı rol üstleneceği teşhis edilmiştir. 69 işletmenin en üst düzey İK yöneticileri araştırmanın örneklemini oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışma için, 103/7 sayılı ve 23.02.2021 tarihli SDÜ etik kurul onayı alınmıştır. Çalışmada işletmelerin SİKY anlayışlarındaki farklılığın planlı değişim, organizasyonel öğrenme, bilgi ve kaynak kullanımı ve yönetime katılma boyutlarında organizasyon geliştirme sürecindeki etkisi incelenmiştir. İK yöneticilerinin işletmelerin üst kurullarında yer alması, dokümante edilmiş ve uygulama sistematiği oluşturulmuş İK fonksiyonlarının bulunması, İK departmanının organizasyon içerisindeki yeri, kullanılan İK müdürü unvanı ve en üst düzey İK yöneticisinin aldığı unvanlar örnekleme alınan işletmelerde İK yönetimi için stratejik eğilimi gösteren unsurlardır. Araştırma bulgularına göre, stratejik İK eğilimi ile ilgili faktörler arası etkileşimin organizasyon geliştirme boyutlarını farklılaştırıcı etkisi görülmüştür. Sadece, üst yönetimin en çok önem verdiği ve ilgisini odakladığı konu açısından stratejik İK eğilimi ile ilgili farklılık, organizasyon geliştirmenin örgütsel öğrenme boyutunda anlamlı farklılık ortaya çıkarmıştır. Literatürde açıklanan etki bağlamında beklenilenin aksine, diğer stratejik İK eğilimi ile ilgili değerlendirmelerin organizasyon geliştirme boyutlarını farklılaştırıcı etkisi saptanmamıştır.
Turist Rehberlerinin İş Değerlerinin İşe Adanmışlık Üzerine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: ASMADİLİ İpek , KÖROĞLU Özlem
Published: October 2021

Araştırmanın temel amacı, turist rehberlerinin sahip oldukları iş değerlerinin işe adanmışlıkları üzerindeki etkisinin belirlenmesidir. Bu doğrultuda turist rehberlerinin iş değerleri ve işe adanmışlık düzeylerinin tespit edilmesi ve ilişkilerinin incelenmesi, mesleki açıdan birtakım beklentileri karşılamaya yönelik adımlar atılması için önem taşımaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında anket tekniği kullanılmış, veriler 311 turist rehberinden elde edilmiştir. Turist rehberlerinin iş değerlerini tespit etmek amacıyla Elizur (1984) tarafından geliştirilen “İş Değerleri Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. İşe adanmışlık düzeylerini tespit etmek için ise Schaufeli ve Bakker (2003) tarafından geliştirilen “İşe Adanmışlık Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada frekans analizi, açıklayıcı faktör analizi, güvenilirlik, korelasyon ve regresyon analizleri uygulanmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, katılımcıların iş değerleri ile işe adanmışlıkları arasında düşük düzeyde anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu, iş değerlerinin işe adanmışlığı düşük düzeyde etkilediği, işe adanmışlığın iş değerlerini orta düzeyde etkilediği saptanmıştır. İş değerlerini en çok etkileyen faktörün duygusal değerler olduğu, işe adanmışlığı en çok etkileyen iş değerleri faktörünün de duygusal değerler olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Elektronik Ticarette Sadakati Etkileyen Faktörlerin E-Sadakate Etkisi
Authors: AYDIN Mustafa Seçkin , ÇAKIR Engin
Published: October 2021

Elektronik ticaretin (e-ticaret) toplam ticaret içerisindeki payı her geçen gün artmakta ve bu durum firmalar arasındaki rekabeti etkilemektedir. E-ticaret firmalarının rekabet gücünü arttırabilmesi için müşteriyi elinde tutabilmesi gerekmektedir. Müşteriyi elde tutmak, müşteri sadakatini sağlayabilmek ile mümkün olmaktadır. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmadaki amaç; e-ticaret firmalarında müşteri sadakatini sağlayan faktörlerin e-sadakate etkilerinin belirlenmesi ve müşterilerin demografik özelliklerine bağlı olarak sadakat faktörlerine yönelik algılarındaki farklılıkların tespit edilmesidir. Çalışma kapsamında e-ticaret müşterilerinin e-sadakat faktörleri ile ilgili tutumları değerlendirilmiş ve bu faktörlerin e-sadakat üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu kapsamda 5’li likert ölçeğiyle ve demografik sorularla hazırlanan anket çevrimiçi olarak katılımcılara sunulmuştur. Ankette yer alan ifadelere güvenilirlik ve faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın hipotezlerini test etmek amacıyla t-testi, Anova, korelasyon ve regresyon analizleri uygulanmıştır. Çalışmadaki bulgularda katılımcıların çoğunluğunun ayda birkaç kez alışveriş yaptığı ve bu alışverişlerini en çok cep telefonu üzerinden gerçekleştirdiği görülmüştür. Giysi ve ayakkabının en çok tercih edilen ürün grubu olmasının yanında, Trendyol.com, Türkiye'de en sık tercih edilen e-ticaret web sitesi olmuştur. Çalışmada yer alan e-sadakat faktörlerinin (güvenlik, web site dizaynı, özelleştirme, müşteri tatmini) e-sadakat üzerinde düşük ve orta düzeyde pozitif etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Müşteri tatmini faktörünün, e-sadakat üzerindeki değişimin %39,9’unu açıklayabildiği görülmüştür.
Kristal Elma Ödüllü Televizyon Reklamlarında Toplumsal Cinsiyet Temsil ve Rolleri Üzerine Bir İçerik Analizi
Authors: SANAY Yağmur , ŞENER Gül
Published: October 2021

Dünyada cinsiyetler arası eşitsizlik; insanın temel hak ve özgürlüklerinden sosyal, kültürel ve ekonomik hayata katılımına kadar birçok alanda etkisini göstermektedir. Son yıllarda farklı küresel hareketlerle gündemde yer alan toplumsal cinsiyet eşitliği kavramı, pazarlama ve kültür endüstrisinin önemli bir parçası olan reklam sektöründe de tartışılmaya başlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada; Türkiye’de 30 yılı aşkındır yapılan Kristal Elma Reklam Yaratıcılığı Yarışması’nda ödül kazanmış televizyon reklamları, toplumsal cinsiyet temsil ve rolleri çerçevesinde incelenmektedir. Araştırma kapsamında, 2011, 2014 ve 2017 yıllarında Kristal Elma Reklam Yaratıcılığı Yarışması’nda ödül kazanmış 222 televizyon reklamı içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular; 2011, 2014 ve 2017 yıllarında ödül kazanan televizyon reklamlarının, çoğunlukla geleneksel kadınlık ve erkeklik temsilleri içermekle birlikte ilerici cinsiyet rollerini de barındırdığını ortaya koymaktadır. Ancak, genel tablo hem görsel hem de işitsel olarak Türkiye’de hala erkek egemen televizyon reklamları üretildiğini göstermektedir. Erkek ana karakterler ağırlıklı otorite figürü rolünde resmedilmekte ve kamusal alanla, çalışma hayatıyla özdeşleştirilmektedir. Kadınlar ise geleneksel biçimde evle ve ev işleriyle ilişkilendirilmektedir. 2014 yılında ödül alan televizyon reklamları diğer yıllardakinden daha yüksek oranda geleneksel rol ve toplumsal cinsiyet eşitsizliği unsuru içermektedir.
A study of brand fidelity: Its contribution and impact on the Saudi market
Authors: Rishad Faridi Mohammad , Naushad Mohammad
Published: October 2021

The paradigm shift caused by disruption of traditional business models and innovation is among some factors which have propelled marketers forward-thinking in emphasizing brand fidelity. It is a novel idea and an innovative approach to understanding the impact of consumers while they demonstrate love and commitment through engagement, subconsciously or otherwise, with respect to cognition and behavior. The current study tested the components/factors of brand fidelity among Saudi consumers. The primary data for the study were collected based on the survey instrument among Saudi consumers. Overall, 446 responses were used to analyze the results. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) coupled with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using IBM SPSS and AMOS were used to analyze the data. All the factors of brand fidelity, namely “accommodation/price”, “accommodation/performance”, “cognitive interdependence”, and “derogation of alternatives”, hold valid in the Saudi context with exploratory factor analysis with a factor loading of each factor above the threshold value of 0.50, and with confirmatory factor analysis with a threshold value of more than or equal to 0.60 for all the factor loadings. The result thus obtained suggests that the brand fidelity scale is valid in the Saudi context. Saudi consumers were found to be highly loyal to their favorite brands. The findings of the study will provide inputs to the companies operating in the Saudi market for their brand-related strategy formulation. Moreover, the paper indicates undermining the power of brand fidelity in improving the bottom line through experience management.
AcknowledgmentThis paper was supported by the Deanship of Scientific Research at Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia, under the Specialized Research Grant program with Grant No. 2020/02/17342.
Comparative Regulatory Requirements for the Stem Cells and Stem Cells Based Products in India, United States and European Union
Authors: Ruhela Naman , Bhatia Rohit , Parashar Ananya , Jaggi Pawan Kumar , Thakkar Arti R.
Published: October 2021

:

Stem cells are the unique cells in the body which have the capability to divide continuously
and differentiate into various other kinds of cells and tissues. This work represents the issues
and challenges in the stem cells and stem cells-based products regulations and compares the related
guidelines in India, the USA, and the EU. In India, stem cells (SCs) and stem cells-based products
(SCBP) are considered as ‘drugs’ as per the recent guidelines and amendments in the Indian Drugs
and Cosmetics Act with a view to streamline the regulatory framework for advanced research. The
United States Food and Drug Administration (USFDA) and the Centre for Biologics Evaluation
and Research (CBER) in America regulate stem cells and stem cell therapies-based products. European
regulation 1394/2007 was issued in 2008, which lays down the legal framework for cell-
derived medicinal products in Europe. In the present review, India, USA and EU guidelines have
been compared and critically evaluated. After the comparison of the drug approval process in India,
the USA and the EU, it was found that India and the USA both have a single registration process
for the approval of the drug products, while the EU has multiple processes. The product approval
time is more in the USA. EU charges more fees compared to the other countries. Previously, India
was following paper CTD formats, but now India is following eCTD, which is also followed by
US and EU countries.
Famotidine’s Possible Cutaneous Rash in COVID-19 Patients: An Adverse
Effect Case Series
Authors: Jahani Zahra , Salehi Mohammadreza , Khalili Hossein , Rasoolinejad Mehrnaz , Ghiasvanad Fereshte
Published: October 2021

Background:

Various cutaneous manifestations have been observed in patients with
COVID-19 infection. However, the side effects on skin of the medications used for COVID-19,
such as famotidine, have not been studied.

Objective:

This case series aims to present challenges in defining cutaneous manifestations of famotidine
in the context of COVID-19.

Case Presentation:

We identified patients from Imam Khomeini hospital complex who were admitted to the ward with confirmed infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) taking famotidine and having cutaneous rash. Clinical data were obtained through observation and intervention.

Discussion:

We identified patients from Imam Khomeini hospital complex who were admitted
to the ward due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), were
taking famotidine and having cutaneous rash. Clinical data were obtained through observation and
intervention.

Conclusion:

These cases prompted us to inform clinicians about cutaneous complications of famotidine
in COVID-19 patients.
Entre Bustamante y Burke: El proyecto histórico de Lucas Alamán
Authors: Van Young Eric
Published: October 2021

Este artículo explora las influencias del Cuadro Histórico de Carlos María de Bustamante y Reflexiones sobre la Revolución en Francia de Edmund Burke en Lucas Alamán al escribir sobre el proceso de la Independencia de México en Historia de Méjico (1849-1852). Alamán creyó que la independencia era inevitable y apropiada, pero la violencia durante una década de la insurgencia había sido el camino equivocado para lograrla. Criticó a Bustamante por sus errores y por forjar mitos, y estuvo de acuerdo con Burke al condenar las innovaciones políticas teóricas y los efectos sociales y políticos destructivos como consecuencia de la revolución.
Antimicrobial Activity of Tagetes (Marigold Flower) Hydroextract Infused Wet Wipes
Authors: B Kowsalya.
Published: October 2021

Abstract: Medicinal flower marigold (tagetes) is been used and harvested for its medical properties both internally and externally. Which has beneficial impact such as lowers Inflammation and free radical damage, reduces eye Inflammation and conjunctivitis, has natural antiseptic properties, heals Skin wounds, burns and rashes, helps reduce hemorrhoid pain, eases cramps and spasms, naturally repels bugs and has antimicrobial properties. The aim of hydroextract of marigold flower(tagetes) infused in non woven cloth made to reduce diaper rashes and protect sensitive skin, decrease the appearance of discoloration due to scarring, treat fungal infection in skin, which also helps in preventing the skin infections. The hydroextract of tagetes is incorporated with fragrance such as lavender oil which also supports the clearance of infections. To increase the moisture content of the wipe coconut oil is also infused. The infused materials in non woven cloth is meant to be wet wipes which contains antimicrobial properties with fragrance of lavender and good moisture level in it. The developed product is objectively evaluated (antimicrobial activity) and that was found to be good. Keywords: Medicinal flower, Tagetes (marigold flower), Hydroextract, Antimicrobial activity.
On Periodic Solutions of One Second-Order Differential Equation
Authors: Demidenko G. V. , Dulepova A. V.
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we investigate the movement of an inverted pendulum, the suspension point of which performs high-frequency oscillations along a line making a small angle with the vertical. We prove that under certain conditions on the function describing the oscillations of the suspension point of the pendulum, a periodic motion of the pendulum arises, and it is asymptotically stable.
Cultural, Maternal and Environmental Factors Contributing to High Under-Five Mortality in Identified Hotspots in Nigeria
Authors: Adesuyi Oluwabukola Omobola , Kioko Urbanus Mutuku , Oleche Martine Odhiambo
Published: October 2021

Under-five mortality rate in Nigeria is among the world’s highest with northern Nigeria having the most appalling under-five health indicators. Despite the streams of studies, research on Nigeria, there is still a gap on the cultural, maternal, and environmental factors contributing to the high under-five mortality in the identified hotspots in Nigeria. The study utilized data from the 2013 Nigeria Demographic Health Survey (NDHS) reports. Results revealed that Spatial dependence across the study area was confirmed with Moran’s I testing positive (0.4689 and a P-value of 0.01), an indication of the presence of auto correlation. Six states namely Zamfara, Bauchi, Jigawa, Sokoto, Kebbi and Katsina, were identified as having the highest under-five mortality rates ranging from 162-221 deaths per 1000 live births from the spatial analysis. The variables identified as contributing to the high under-five mortalities in these states were maternal education, Age of the mother, religion, wealth index, antenatal visits, hospital delivery, post natal visit, age at first birth, Partner’s education, distance to the nearest health care facility and Sanitation (flush toilet), and piped water. However, the variable Age of the mother and, Age at first birth were relatively significant and consistent across the six states under examination. The six states were also observed to be part of the poorest states in the country. Therefore, Poverty and child marriage was observed to be common in the six states, hence the likely clustering pattern observed and positive autocorrelation. Awareness through the media and all available means need to be intensified on the practice of child marriages, while emphasis needs to be laid on effective programs, policies and amendments of laws especially the laws that affects children’s marriages and child rights, while unvarying age should be set for a child to marry in order to protect the rights of children in the country, to help eradicate/reduce the under-five mortality rate. Programs that will help alleviate poverty in these regions should also be of uttermost priority to stabilize the families financially, improve living standards, provide better health care, eradicate/ reduce child marriages/under-aged mothers who eventually will reduce under-five mortality in these regions.
Community Power Structure: The Gender Perspective
Authors: Odo Linus Ugwu , Aidolekhai Dennis S.
Published: October 2021

The need to integrate the Nigerian women fully into the country’s development process poses a challenge which cannot be ignored. This is because societal development or progress cannot be achieved where the needs and contributions of half of the population who are women are downgraded, marginalized or ignored. The paper interrogates the perceived or real marginalization of women in the scheme of things in Nigeria in the face of women’s enormous propensity to contribute meaningfully to societal development. The study relied on secondary source of data collection and adopted “Decisional model” or approach as its analytical framework. The study found that woman’s potential contributions to societal development whether at the community or national level are often neglected and wasted due to some archaic traditions about the status of women in the society. The paper recommended that women be accorded their pride of place to make useful contributions to the progress of the Nigerian nation.
Role of the Spirit in Romanesque Iconography. Jaca’s Tympanum Reinterpretation
Authors: Persoons Dominique J.
Published: October 2021

The role of the Holy Spirit was considerable during the Romanesque period, and its importance remained unknown for a long time. Illuminations could contribute to restoring an appropriate understanding of church settings. The perspective of a powerful and hidden Spirit reveals a new perspective on the tympanums of some famous Romanesque churches.

Résumé— Le rôle de l'Esprit Saint était considérable à l'époque romane, et son importance est restée longtemps inconnue. L'analyse de certaines enluminures contemporaines pourrait être précieuse, même pour interpréter certains décors d’église. La mise en perspective de la croyance médiévale en des esprits nombreux donne un nouveau regard sur les tympans de quelques églises romanes célèbres.
O Outro e o limite na propriedade de Si
Authors: Martins Florinda L. F.
Published: October 2021

The passivity is for many the key of Michel Henry’s phenomenology. Ricoeur, ‘Soi-même comme un autre’, recognizes that, in Henry’s work, passivity is a witness to alterity taking this concept out of ties of the speculative speech. On the other side, Marion being, however, aware of it, as stated in his essay ‘La chair ou la donation de soi’ argues that essence ‘sentante’ is prior to ‘l’épreuve de soi’.

I’ll try to disclose further in this work that essence ‘sentante’ is the passivity itself. Thus more than witnessing (Ricoeur) or appropriating (Marion), the others and the limits are data of affective life in three passivity levels, ranging from sensations, feelings and affections.
¿Son todas las épocas y culturas humanas iguales ante Dios?
Authors: Díaz Álvarez Jesús M.
Published: October 2021

La presente intervención va constar de dos partes. En la primera, trataré de desentrañar aquello que al decir de Husserl es lo propio y definitorio de la cultura Europea, es decir, aquello que caracterizaría su identidad y la diferenciaría de las demás culturas: el descubrimiento de la universalidad en sentido estricto. O dicho de otro modo, para Husserl, aquello que es peculiar de la cultura occidental es su pretensión de conducir la vida de los humanos según una idea de racionalidad universal. Esta nueva manera de mirar el mundo, que se articula y desarrolla por primera vez en un discurso coherente en Grecia de la mano de la filosofia, será para el padre de la fenomenología un acontecimiento epocal que no sólo singulariza a la cultura Europea frente a cualquier otra, sino que la convertirá en el telas de la humanidad, en el fin al que todas las culturas deben tender si en algún momento pretende alcanzarse una convivencia harmónica entre los humanos. En este sentido, el viejo de maestro de Prostnitz sostendrá, en expresa contraposición al padre de la historia moderna, el gran Otto von Ranke, que no todas las épocas históricas ni todas las culturas son iguales ante Dios, es decir, que la tesis relativista tan en boga hoy en día según la cual todas las tradiciones o formas de vida son equiparables y no pueden ser evaluadas más que dentro de propios y peculiares parámetros es incorrecta y contraria, frente a lo que se pudiera pensar, al ideal de tolerancia.

En la segunda parte de la ponencia, y tomando como base un conocido texto de Derrida, se abordará una acusación que frecuentemente se le hace a la fenomenología Husserliana a la luz de la tesis precedente: la de ser un pensamiento eurocéntrico. Contra semejante aseveración, se intentará mostrar que el supuesto imperialismo eurocéntrico husserliano no es· otra cosa que una defensa de la razón común. Y ello, frente a los intentos de imponer la particularidad de cualquier cultura, sobre todo la europea fáctica, como norma universal.
De la sensibilidad a la inteligibilidad Rehabilitación del sentir en Maurice Merleau-Ponty
Authors: Sáenz Maria Carmen López
Published: October 2021

En este trabajo caracterizamos la filosofia de M. Merleau-Ponty como una fenomenología de la expresión ontológica, por considerar que reflexiona sobre algunos impensados de Husserl y los prolonga en una nueva ontología contribuyendo así, una vez más, a superar los dualismos heredados, en este caso, el que se produce entre fenomenología y ontología. Aunque haremos un recorrido por toda la obra merleau-pontiana, para pensar el sentir nos centraremos en la última, en la que el cuerpo vivido, pieza clave de la rehabilitación ontológica de lo sensible, interacciona entre lo visible y lo invisible y la percepción se redefine como proceso que ocurre entre mi carne y la carne del mundo.

Así veremos cómo Merleau-Ponty desarrolla la génesis y la síntesis pasiva explicitando el problema de· la estética transcendental, implícita en Husserl. Ésta se inicia con la reflexividad corporal y culmina en la reversibilidad siempre inminente de la carne. La ·fenomenología describe la experiencia originaria de ese sentir desde dentro de su propia evidencia.
Cossio, Kelsen e a Fenomenologia. Uma abordagem da Experiência Jurídica
Authors: de Sousa Ana Paula Loureiro
Published: October 2021

In this paper, I analyze Carlos Cossio’s theory of law, and how his theory was a reaction to Kelsen’s juridical positivism. The most important aspect I highlight is the logical abstract normativism defended by Kelsen, and how it was overcome by a transcendental and existential theory of law, which Cossio develops in a close relationship to Husserl and Heidegger views.
RAJA DAN PERJANJIAN
Authors: Henley David , Caldwell Ian
Published: October 2021

Orang asing sebagai raja jamak dibahas sebagai ‘mitos politik’, dan subyek ini banyak ditulis dalam bingkai antropologi strukturalisme yang menyarankan bahwa mitoslah yang menentukan politik. Dengan kata lain, sebagian masyarakat telah dikutuk oleh budaya sendiri sehingga harus diperintah orang asing, dan setiap bangsa — sebagaimana kaum aristokrat Perancis seusai Revolusi — pasti mendapatkan yang sudah ditakdirkan kepada mereka. Pandangan yang berlawanan — mungkin dapat disebut sebagai pendekatan ‘realisme brutal’ terhadap raja orang asing — mengatakan bahwa mitos yang menangkat orang asing sebagai raja hanya berfungsi menempelkan martabat bagi sejarah penaklukan dan penindasan yang nyata. Kajian ini akan menggunakan pendekatan berbeda, dapat diringkas sebagai (meskipun dengan penyederhaan yang serupa) ‘perspektif pilihan rasional’. Kecenderungan dasar untuk menerima orang asing sebagai penguasa bukanlah sebuah mitos, juga bukan konsekuensi dari sebuah mitos, melainkan cara untuk memaksimalkan keuntungan dan meminimalisir kelemahan sentralisasi politik.
Effects of Onopordum acanthium L., seeds extracts on serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha and angiotensin-converting enzyme in hyperlipidemic and diabetic rats
Authors: Husni Abdulla Mhammad  , Amad M. Saleh Jubrail  , Malika Kassim Najeeb
Published: October 2021

This study was designed to evaluate the role of local Onopordum acanthium L. (cotton thistle) seed extracts (200mg/kg) in diabetic and hyperlipidemic rats with the histopathological examination of liver, kidney and spleen tissues. Ninety adult male rats were randomly divided into nine equal groups. The first group was used as a control fed on a standard diet; the second group was treated with water extract and the third group was treated with the ethanolic extract. The fourth group was injected with streptozotocin (40mg/kg) as a diabetic group, while in the fifth group, diabetic rats were treated with water extract and in the sixth group, diabetic rats were treated with the alcoholic extract. The seventh group was fed on high cholesterol diet (hyperlipidemic group). In the eighth and ninth groups, hyperlipidemic rats were treated with water extract and alcoholic extracts, respectively. The fasting blood glucose (FBS), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), lipid profile, liver and renal function parameters, CRP, WBCs, hematological parameters and body weight were almost improved when diabetic and hyperlipidemic rats were treated with water extract and ethanol extract. Histopathological changes in the liver, kidney and spleen in diabetic groups were improved in groups treated with both extracts. Conclusion: from the results of this study, it can be reported that extracts of local cotton thistle seeds (mostly water extract) were effective in controlling abnormal parameters and histopathological changes in diabetic and hyperlipidemic rats.
The Characteristic Analysis of Caffeine Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Synthesized Using The Cooling-Heating Method, for Application as a Sensor Material
Authors: Royani Idha , Amalia Amalia , Jorena Jorena , Arsyad Fitri Suryani , Koriyanti Erry , Monado Fiber
Published: October 2021

The cooling-heating method was used to successfully synthesize molecularly imprinted polymers on caffeine. Caffeine was used as a template and mixed with chloroform solvent, methacrylic acid as a monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as a cross-linker, and benzoyl peroxide as an initiator. The solution was stirred for 15 minutes and placed in a vial. Then it was placed in a cooler with a temperature of -5○C for 60 minutes and then inserted into an oven with an increasing temperature at 75○C, 80○C, and 85○C for 3, 2 and 1 hour, respectively. Furthermore, the repeated washing process resulted in solid polymer, which was subjected to template leaching to produce polymers with specific cavities called molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP). The resulting caffeine polymer and MIP were tested using SEM, FTIR, and XRD methods. In addition, the SEM image analysis data showed 388 cavities in the polymer after template leaching, compared to the 121 cavities in the unwashed polymer. This result was supported by the FTIR spectrum analysis which showed that caffeine MIP has a higher transmittance value than the polymer. Therefore, the caffeine concentration was significantly reduced after the leaching process. The XRD spectra showed that caffeine MIP had a smaller halfmaximum diffraction peak width (FWHM) compared to the polymer. Also, the low FWHM value depicted a larger crystalline size in the caffeine MIP compared to the polymer.