bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Musical Features of Lullabies-Importance of Raga Perspective
Authors: Saroja T. K.
Published: October 2024

Lullaby is a unique musical compositional form. It is a song of coziness and comfort. Every culture has its rich repertoire of lullabies. There have been many studies on the cultural aspects and therapeutic aspects of these songs. However, a comparative musical study of lullabies of different cultures from ‘Raga’ perspective is a less explored area. ‘Raga’, is a unique melodic concept of Indian music that encompasses multiple features. ‘Lullaby’, being one of the most aesthetic musical genres, has many more performative possibilities using the raga perspective, if we disengage it from the cultural context. The research problem is to study the musical features of ‘Lullabies’ of different cultures using ‘Raga’ as the basic comparison tool. The study aims to highlight the importance of a ‘Raga’ approach, to enrich the variety in the performance of these songs. The melodic structures of selected popular lullabies of different cultures are studied and compared to the scales of existing ragas. Although a scale refers specifically to the skeletal structure of a raga, it encapsulates the unique combination of notes that define the raga and therefore the songs are intricately related to ragas. Data collection is through sources that include research papers, books and audio recordings. The study results in identifying different ragas/ scales from the selected lullabies. The findings include, projecting the ragas/scales common across these songs, comprehending the ornamentations, rhythmic features and specific musical features like those based on octaves and modulations. The comparative study results in highlighting the immense scope of the melodic variety in the lullabies that follow the Indian raga system. Applying a ‘Raga’ perspective can open the doors for different melodic contours and emotions to pitch into the genre, to enhance its melodic scope, as a performative form.
Factors influencing health-related quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: insights from the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease Study in Fez, Morocco
Authors: Maiouak Moncef , Garcia-Larsen Vanessa , Benmaamar Soumaya , El Harch Ibtissam , El Biaz Mohamed , Nejjari Chakib , Benjelloun Mohammed Chakib , El Rhazi Karima
Published: October 2024

The respiratory symptoms experienced by patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are a burden on daily life. The objective of this study was to measure health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and comprehensively identify its associated factors in Moroccan COPD patients. A cross-sectional, randomized study was carried out in the city of Fes, Morocco, as part of the large multicenter Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease Study on people with COPD. Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire containing sociodemographic, clinical, and quality-of-life data. The diagnosis of COPD was based on spirometry, and quality of life was measured by the Short Form Survey (SF-12) questionnaire. Using multiple linear regression, we assessed the relationship between several sociodemographic and clinical factors and SF-12 mental and physical quality-of-life scores. A total of 107 patients were included, with a male predominance (63.6%) and the most common age category being 60 years and older (51.4%). Additionally, 46.7% of participants were classified as Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) stage 1. The mean SF-12 mental component score was 41.32±9.18, and the mean SF-12 physical component score was 41.91±11.93. Multivariate analysis revealed that a greater mental HRQoL was associated with the male gender, a body mass index of 25 or higher, and GOLD stage 1, while a greater physical HRQoL was associated with the male gender, an age less than 60 years, absence of respiratory comorbidities, and GOLD stage 1. Our results show low scores of the mental and physical components of HRQoL in COPD patients in Morocco, suggesting the implementation of measures to reduce first the prevalence of the disease and then adopt an appropriate COPD management strategy to improve those people's quality of life.
Colorectal Cancer: aggressive presentations among young Nigerian adults
Authors: Abdulkadir Yussuf M. , Imam Ibrahim , Samaila Adamu A. , Borodo Muhhamad M.
Published: October 2024

Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is the fourth most common cancer contributing to high morbidity and mortality worldwide. CRC is very common in the Western world with typical peculiarities how- ever, the black population has a different pattern of presentations since polyps and other pre-malignant lesions are relatively uncom- mon as compared to the Caucasians. This is a cross-sectional descriptive study of patients referred for colonoscopy evaluation at Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. Sixty patients with colonic diseases were consecutively recruited during the study period. Colorectal cancer accounted for 11.7% of the study population with a M:F ratio of 2.5:1. Significantly, 57.14% of the patients were within 50 years of age. Over 70% of the patients were diagnosed with aggressive variant CRC. Constipation, fatigue, and weight loss were the dominant presenting symptoms, and predominantly left-sided colonic tumours were seen in 85% of the study population. For reasons that require further investiga- tions, the African population develops more aggressive variants of CRC at younger ages and it has a worse prognosis.
Utilization of Smart Healthcare for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Management
Authors: Lee Hyeri , Sang Hyunji , Yon Dong Keon , Rhee Sang Youl
Published: October 2024

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) poses significant health risks to both mothers and newborns, requiring rigorous self-management and frequent medical consultations. Advances in information and communications technology (ICT) have shown promising results in reducing the number of in-person visits for GDM management. ICT enhances patient self-care engagement, with some studies reporting reductions in average blood glucose and HbA1c levels. ICT for GDM management has demonstrated benefits such as fewer in-person visits, improved adherence to self-monitoring of blood glucose, increased global user satisfaction, and maintenance of blood glucose control and perinatal outcomes. Common barriers to ICT for GDM include technological literacy, inadequate education, limited technical support, the additional burden of non-customized applications, and restricted interoperability. Further research is needed on the impact of technology on GDM management to optimize digital health solutions.
Management Strategies for Young-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Integrated Approach
Authors: Seo Mi-Hae , Kwak Soo Heon
Published: October 2024

The prevalence of young-onset type 2 diabetes is increasing rapidly worldwide along with the incidence of obesity, including in Korea. Compared with later onset type 2 diabetes, patients with young-onset type 2 diabetes have a higher risk of microvascular complication, macrovascular complication, and disease-related mortality. Thus, integrated attention and management of associated pathobiological, socioeconomic, and mental health factors are needed. Based on the very few evidence-based studies in management, in this review, we describe strategies for the integrated management for young-onset type 2 diabetes.
The contribution of Specialist Family Physicians to South Africa’s private sector: A position statement
Authors: Ashford Gail L. , Mathew Sheena , Fray Gareth A. , Irinoye Idowu Olusola , Ross Andrew , Von Pressentin Klaus , Mash Robert
Published: October 2024

No abstract available.
Role of TM7 in the Oral Microbiome and its Implications for Periodontal Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Bhuvaneswarri J. , Amaldas Julius , Umapathy Vidhya Rekha , Ramya V
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Periodontal disease, a prevalent oral health condition, involves a complex microbial community. Advanced sequencing technologies have enabled in-depth studies of the oral microbiome, focusing on specific bacterial taxa like TM7. This systematic review analyzes the role of TM7 in the oral microbiome and its implications for periodontal disease. This review underscores TM7’s importance in the oral microbiome and its potential as a target for future research on periodontal disease pathogenesis.
Audio–Visual Modeling and its Effect on Behavior of Pediatric Patient: An Observational Study
Authors: Kumari Sujata , Aijazuddin Amreen , Patil Anand Nanasaheb , Diwanji Amish , Eeraveni Ranadheer , Makwani Disha , Ojha Akshaya
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

The prognosis and patients’ cooperation are interdependent on each other. In case of children, this aspect becomes all the more highlighted because of heightened response to pain and anxiety.

Material and Methodology:

Hundred (4-to-10 years old) children who were rated as negative on Frankl Behavior Rating Scale were taken for the study. The children were shown a video of a positive child model, and also various procedures of the dental treatment were shown.

Results:

Sixty-one children out of 100 demonstrated positive behavior and 3 showed definitely positive behavior during preventive treatment procedures. On the other hand, 73 children out of 100 demonstrated positive behavior and 3 showed definitely positive behavior during main treatment procedures. Significant change was observed in behavior of children in before and after the video was shown to them (<0.001).

Conclusion:

Audio–visual modeling has been proved to be a very efficient method in developing positive behavior of children toward dental treatment.
Microleakage Assessment of Repaired Pit and Fissure Sealants Using Different Surface Treatment – An In vitro Study
Authors: Devi R K Sarada , Nagarathna C. , Yumkham Ratna , Khanam Shamilah , Ningthoujam Ishani , Nirmada Pukhrambam
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Aim:

In this in vitro study, the microleakage evaluation of repaired pit and fissure sealants with various surface treatments was compared.

Study Design:

The study included 120 extracted human third molars. The teeth were divided into two groups of 60 each. Group 1 was sealed with Clinpro™ unfilled sealant, while group 2 was sealed with Grandioseal nanofilled sealants. After curing, half of the polymerized sealant were removed. Both groups were divided further into two subgroups of 30 teeth each, with repair techniques using either Adper Easy One or Futura Bond. Three sections were obtained from each tooth resulting 6 surfaces per tooth to be examined and the sections of all four groups were scored for microleakage.

Results:

Conventional acid etching was found to be superior to self-etch adhesive technique.

Conclusion:

Microleakage was found to be greater with Grandio seal compared to Clinpro.
Ocular and Adnexal Diseases in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Pregnant Women Attending HIV Clinics in Ibadan, Nigeria
Authors: Olayiwola Olorunyomi Toyin , Oluleye Tunji Sunday , Awolude Olutosin Alaba , Adeyanju Alaruru Olusoji
Published: October 2024

Background:

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus. It is transmitted through sexual intercourse, shared intravenous drugs, contaminated needle use, blood transfusion, and mother-to-child transmission. Of the patients with HIV, 50%–75% have ocular manifestations and this may be the primary presentation. This study was carried out in two prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT)/HIV clinics. The aim was to determine the incidence, patterns of presentation, and determinants of ocular and adnexal diseases in HIV-positive pregnant women attending HIV clinics to develop an eye care protocol for them.

Materials and Methods:

The study was a cross-sectional study of HIV-positive pregnant women attending the PMTCT/HIV Clinics at University College Hospital and Adeoyo Maternity Teaching Hospital, Ibadan. Patients were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Blood samples were taken for CD4+ count and viral load. The stage of the disease, type of antiretroviral therapy (ART), and the interval between HIV diagnosis and commencement of ART were recorded. Comprehensive ocular examination, which included visual acuity check unaided and with pinhole, lid, anterior segment examination with slit lamp and posterior segment examination with dilated binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy, was conducted. Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23 was used to analyse the data.

Results:

A total of 153 pregnant women aged 23–42 years (mean, 33.5; standard deviation, ±5.6) were recruited. One hundred and fifteen (75.2%) of them were married in a monogamous setting. Multiple sexual partners (48.4%; n = 74—some women married in monogamous settings at the time of recruitment for this study had multiple sexual partners in the past) and the use of unsterilised objects (46.4%; n = 71) were major high-risk behaviours. Ocular and adnexal diseases were found in 81 (53%) participants. HIV-related ocular and adnexal diseases were found in 16 (10%) participants. Of the 16 HIV-related diseases, optic atrophy was found in seven (43.8%), presumed toxoplasmosis in three (18.7%), presumed cytomegalovirus retinitis in three (18.7%) lid warts in two (12.5%), and conjunctival microangiopathy in one (6.3%) participant. The association between HIV- related ocular and adnexal diseases and gestational age, CD4+ count, viral load and type of ART was not statistically significant.

Conclusion:

The few HIV-related findings in this study could be a result of the improved CD+ count/low viral load of most of the recruited participants. Ensuring that patients attending PMTCT/HIV clinic have at least one ocular examination during pregnancy by collaborating with eyecare professionals could ensure prompt detection and treatment of eye diseases, to improve the quality of life of HIV-positive pregnant women.
Magnesium Sulphate Versus Fentanyl as Adjuncts to Epidural Anaesthesia for Lower Limb Orthopaedic Surgeries: A Comparative Study
Authors: Olatunji Oluwole Fiwawola , Adigun Tinuola A. , Eyelade Olayinka R.
Published: October 2024

Introduction:

Pain relief for lower limb orthopaedic surgeries is achievable with epidural anaesthesia. This study compared the analgesic effects of epidural anaesthesia with magnesium sulphate or fentanyl adjuvant in patients scheduled for elective lower limb orthopaedic surgeries.

Patients and Methods:

A double-blind randomisation study was carried out on 96 patients categorised into three groups; M, F, and C. All participants received 18 mL of 0.5% bupivacaine plus 1.5 mL of 75 mg magnesium sulphate in Group M or 50 mg of fentanyl in Group F or normal saline in Group C via the lumbar epidural route. Variables including the onset time of sensory and motor blockade, duration of anaesthesia, and time for postoperative Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) score of 3 were summarised using mean, median, standard deviation, and percentages as appropriate. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:

Mean onset time for the sensory blockade at T8 was 23.7 ± 5.3, 20.5 ± 3.4, and 17.9 ± 5.6 min for groups C, F, and M, respectively (P = 0.001). The onset time for the motor blockade (Bromage score 3) was 29.8 ± 4.0, 26.6 ± 3.5, and 24.5 ± 5.3 min in groups C, F, and M, respectively (P = 0.001). The duration of epidural anaesthesia was 121.6 ± 31.5, 145.9 ± 29.6, and 167.0 ± 27.0 min in groups C, F, and M, respectively (P = 0.001). The time to attain an NRS pain score of 3 was 133.2 ± 27.7, 151.8 ± 32.4, and 172.0 ± 30.9 min in groups C, F, and M, respectively (P = 0.001).

Conclusion:

Magnesium sulphate is better as an epidural adjuvant compared to fentanyl in patients undergoing lower limb orthopaedic surgeries.
Knowledge Perception and Utilisation of Labour Analgesia Among Antenatal Clinic Attendees in a Tertiary Centre in Makurdi, North-Central Nigeria
Authors: Irowa Omoregie , Ukpabi Daniel Eje , Emoekpere Hilary Oyarebu , Ugboaja Chisa Uzoamaka , Itodo Peter Echo , Orshio Donald Uga
Published: October 2024

Background:

Labour pain management forms an integral part of modern obstetric practice. Despite the availability of various forms of obstetric analgesia in Nigeria, reports indicate poor knowledge, awareness, and utilisation of labour analgesia among the obstetric population.

Objective:

To determine the knowledge, perception, utilisation, and factors affecting utilisation of labour analgesia among antenatal clinic attendees at the Federal Medical Centre (FMC), Makurdi.

Materials and Methods:

This was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted among 421 consecutively consenting antenatal patients in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at the FMC, Makurdi, between March 1 to July 31, 2023. Data were collected using an interviewer-guided questionnaire, analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0, and results were presented in textual form and tables.

Results:

About 47% (199) of the study participants perceived labour pain as the worst possible pain. Only 18.3% (77) of the study participants were knowledgeable about labour analgesia, while just 6.4% (27) of the study participants had ever used it. On multiple logistics regression, the knowledge of labour pain relief (adjusted odd’s ratio [aOR] 0.090, CI = 0.038−0.215, P < 0.001) and mode of previous delivery (aOR 0.292, CI = 0.114−0.750, P < 0.011) were the factors affecting the utilisation of labour analgesia among study participants.

Conclusion:

There is poor knowledge and utilisation of labour analgesia among antenatal patients. Incorporation of labour analgesia into existing protocols and enhancing health education on labour analgesia as part of antenatal health talks can create awareness of labour analgesia among antenatal patients.
Combined adductor canal (ACB) and sacral erector spinae plane (S-ESP) blocks for total knee arthroplasty pain in hemophilic arthropathy
Authors: Marrone Francesco , Fusco Pierfrancesco , Paventi Saverio , Pullano Carmine
Published: October 2024

We present the case of a successful application of combined adductor canal block (ACB) and sacral erector spinae plane (S-ESP) block for the management of a patient suffering from severe hemophilia A with an end-stage arthropathy who underwent total knee replacement. The implementation of a tailored protocol, not incorporating neuraxial techniques, such as spinal anesthesia, facilitated optimal intra- and postoperative pain management and expedited postoperative recovery and rehab without motor weakness and side effects, highlighting the potential benefit of such strategy in selected cases.
Effect of adding sodium bicarbonate 8.4% to local anesthesia on pain during upper canine infiltration
Authors: Abou Agwa Tarek , Sakka Salah , Al-Jundi Azzam , Gazal Giath
Published: October 2024

Background:

Alkalization of local anesthetics may have an impact on alleviating the injection pain by buffering these solutions with sodium bicarbonate. The present study aimed to evaluate the pain during local anesthetic buccal infiltration for the maxillary canines after adding sodium bicarbonate 8.4% during local anesthesia.

Materials and Methods:

A buffered 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine and sodium bicarbonate 8.4% was used for one site, and an unbuffered 2% lidocaine with 1:80,000 epinephrine was used for the other site at the same appointment. Two groups of volunteers (15 male and 15 female) participated. Each participant received 0.6 mL of the anesthetic solution. Injection discomfort was assessed using a visual analog scale.

Results:

73% and 93% of patients in group 1 experienced pain in sites A and B, respectively, during the injection, whereas 80% and 100% of patients in group 2 experienced pain in sites A and B, respectively, during the injection. Both groups showed a significant difference in pain scores between the two injected sites (P ˂ 0.01).

Conclusion:

Upper canine infiltration anesthesia with buffered lidocaine and epinephrine with sodium bicarbonate has less pain during injection than when unbuffered lidocaine with epinephrine is used.
Pediatric sedation outside the operating room integrating dexmedetomidine for MRI and CT scan procedures: A systematic review
Authors: Alotaibi Narjes S.
Published: October 2024

This systematic review evaluates the efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine as a sedative for pediatric patients undergoing MRI and CT scans outside the operating room. A comprehensive search of databases, including PubMed, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library, identified relevant studies. Data on sedation success rates, onset and recovery times, adverse events, dosing, administration, and hemodynamic stability were extracted and analyzed. The results indicate that dexmedetomidine has high sedation success rates and a favorable safety profile, effectively achieving the desired sedation level with minimal adverse events, primarily manageable hemodynamic changes. Onset and recovery times were generally acceptable for clinical practice, and the flexibility in administration routes and dosing highlighted its adaptability to various clinical needs and settings. Overall, dexmedetomidine is a reliable and safe sedative for pediatric patients undergoing MRI and CT scans, offering a balanced profile of efficacy and safety, and its use can be optimized based on clinical context, patient characteristics, and procedural requirements.
Anaphylaxis induced by indocyanine green during abdominal surgery: A case report
Authors: Sasaki Momoko , Murata Yuya
Published: October 2024

Since 2011, indocyanine green (ICG) has been increasingly used in surgery as a diagnostic tool. Although allergic reactions to this fluorescent dye are considered rare, they can result in anaphylactic shock. We report the case of a 33-year-old woman who developed anaphylaxis immediately after ICG administration during laparoscopic-assisted high anterior resection. The patient was treated with intravenous adrenaline, and the surgery continued. Elevated plasma histamine and serum tryptase levels immediately after ICG administration and intradermal testing identified ICG as the causative agent. The frequency of ICG use is increasing, and anesthesiologists should recognize ICG as a prevalent perioperative allergen.
Effects of adding intravenous midazolam to a dual postoperative nausea and vomiting regimen in patients undergoing breast surgery: A pragmatic randomized controlled trial
Authors: Mingvoramethakul Kullaporn , Kampitak Wirinaree , Anusorntanawat Ratikorn , Charoenraj Pornarun , Songborassamee Nattaporn , Wongsupha Punyanuch
Published: October 2024

Background:

For high-risk patients, adding a third antiemetic drug to dual postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) prophylaxis is controversial. Given the established antiemetic properties of midazolam, this study compared the combination of low-dose dexamethasone-ondansetron and midazolam with high-dose dexamethasone-ondansetron.

Methods:

A total of 300 female patients scheduled for breast surgery were recruited and randomly assigned to two groups. The DO group received dexamethasone 8 mg and ondansetron 4 mg, whereas the DOM group received dexamethasone 4 mg, ondansetron 4 mg, and midazolam 0.04 mg/kg. The primary outcome was the incidence of PONV within 24 h. Secondary outcomes were PONV severity, antiemetic requirement, blood glucose levels, satisfaction and sedation scores, time to eye opening and extubation, pain outcome, and sore throat.

Results:

Primary outcome analysis included 298 patients. Incidence of PONV within the first 24 h after surgery occurred in 52 of 150 (35%) patients in the DO group and 33 of 148 (22%) patients in the DOM group (adjusted risk ratio, 0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.45–0.88; P = 0.007). The antiemetic requirement was significantly greater in the DO group compared with the DOM group (P = 0.034). However, a significantly higher sedation level and longer time for eye-opening and extubation were observed in the DOM group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Compared to high-dose dexamethasone and ondansetron alone, midazolam combined with low-dose dexamethasone and ondansetron decreased the incidence of PONV in patients undergoing breast surgery; however, it increased the sedation level in the early postoperative period.
Sugammadex: A savior for an elderly cardiac patient! A case report
Authors: Deshpande Gargi , Purandare Vandana
Published: October 2024

In an elderly patient with known cardiac and pulmonary risk, a reversal agent with a faster onset and least hemodynamic effects is preferable. Being inert, the sugammadex–rocuronium complex is associated with minimal muscarinic effects. We report a successful management with rocuronium and sugammadex in an eighty three year old male patient with a history of Ischemic Heart Disease, atrial fibrillation, and Interstitial Lung Disease posted for a cochlear implant surgery.
Pycnodysostosis and severe laryngomalacia complicating general anesthesia: A case report
Authors: Holanda Plínio O. , Morais Luciana C. , Marques Felipe O. , Soares Danielle C. , Neto Joao M. R. , Silva Keyth W. B
Published: October 2024

Pycnodysostosis is a very rare autosomal recessive disease. This disorder presents with osteosclerosis, leading to fragile bones, short stature, craniofacial abnormalities, laryngomalacia, sleep apnea syndrome, and many other findings. Difficulty intubation is very common. In our case, we have a patient scheduled for a plastic surgery on her skull under general anesthesia (GA), but she could not lie in a flat position as this could lead to cyanosis and cardiac arrest. So, we have to intubate her in 45° back-up position. Intubation in positions different from the usual supine one probably because of severe laryngomalacia in this patient is possible but needs skilled anesthesiologists and trained personnel.
Unveiling the Correlation between Transferrin Saturation and Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients’ Outcomes: A Multicenter Cohort Study
Authors: Al Sulaiman Khalid , Aljuhani Ohoud , Korayem Ghazwa B , Alissa Abdulrahman , Altebainawi Ali F. , Alzahrani Maram A. , Alqahtani Rahaf , AlFaifi Mashael , Almagthali Alaa , Abu Esba Laila , Alhamazani Atheer , Alenazi Abeer A. , Alalawi Mai , Alsamhan Abdulrahman , Alonazi Shaden H. , Alenezi Aljawharah M. , Alanazi Raghad A. , Altuhayni Layan B. , Alzahrani Shahad S. , Vishwakarma Ramesh
Published: October 2024

Background:

Critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) often have cytokine storms, manifested with elevated levels of proinflammatory biomarkers and hyperferritinemia. Systemic inflammation significantly limits the iron availability for erythropoiesis, which may disturb iron homeostasis and affect clinical outcomes. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of iron hemostasis on the clinical outcomes of critically ill patients with COVID-19.

Materials and Methods:

A multicenter, retrospective cohort study was conducted and included critically ill adult COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care units (ICUs) from March 2020 to July 2021. Patients were categorized based on transferrin saturation (TSAT) during their ICU stay (TSAT < 20% vs. TSAT ≥ 20%). The primary outcome was the in-hospital mortality, while other outcomes were considered secondary.

Results:

After propensity score matching (PSM) (1:1 ratio), 46 patients were included in the final analysis. In-hospital mortality was not statistically significantly different between the two groups (OR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.29–2.87; P = 0.88). Patients with TSAT ≥ 20% had a longer mechanical ventilation duration (beta coefficient 0.11; 95% CI, −0.54–0.76; P = 0.19); however, it did not reach statistical significance. Moreover, the ICU length of stay (LOS) and hospital LOS were not statistically significant in patients with a TSAT ≥ 20%.

Conclusion:

Our results show no significant differences in clinical outcomes between patients with TSAT levels ≥20% and those with TSAT < 20%. Larger prospective studies are needed to verify these findings and evaluate the effect of iron correction on anemic patients’ outcomes.
Observing INR Results in Patients Who Switched from Brand-Name to Generic Warfarin during the COVID-19 Pandemic at KAMC, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: AlSehli Faisal A. , Aljohani Badr , Albakr Maha A , Aljarallah Gadah S , Alajlan Reema M , Bawazeer Mona Abubakr , Albalawi Maram M
Published: October 2024

Background:

Since the global spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), multiple challenges have faced the medical field, including the suspension of numerous drug companies, leading to a shortage in drug supplies to hospitals. Hospitals were required to use a bioequivalent generic form of a drug for continuing treatment of the patients.

Objective:

This study assessed the International Normalized Ratio (INR) score for the patients who were switched from Coumadin® (Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharma Company), brand-name warfarin, to a generic form of warfarin in the anticoagulant clinic due to the shortage of Coumadin® during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective, cross-sectional chart review study was conducted at King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Patients who switched from Coumadin® to generic warfarin from February 2020 to February 2021 were included. This study compared the brand-name and generic forms of warfarin to determine their effectiveness and if the generic form can be used as a therapeutic equivalent. All the data were collected from the electronic health records in KAMC. Each patient file was reviewed for the INR results before and after the switch of warfarin to determine if there was a mean difference between the two variables.

Results:

In total, 2,197 patients’ medical records were reviewed, yielding 15,499 INR values. The majority (n = 1,362, 80.4%) of the 1,709 mechanical valve INRs were low (INR < 2.1), and 10,697 (77.5%) of the non-mechanical valve INR values were low (INR < 1.6). The Wilcoxon two-sample test was used to evaluate the change in the INR value before and after the switch. The results demonstrate that there is a statistical significance between the effectiveness of Coumadin and generic warfarin. The P values were 0.026 and <0.0001 for the mechanical valve group and the non-mechanical valve group, respectively.

Conclusion:

The findings of this study indicate that there is a significant difference between the effectiveness of Coumadin and generic warfarin.
Spatial Behaviors and Mental Representations: Interactions of artistic and scientific perspectives
Authors: Guelton Bernard , Quesnot Teriitutea , Boissarie Xavier , Herbet Aurélie
Published: October 2024

Contemporary artistic research has successively integrated preoccupations with the experimentation of space and mobility, as well as collective interactions between participants in situations of proximity or remoteness. In the scientific field, an important part of spatial cognition study has recently turned towards understanding the collective aspects of spatial cognition, integrating an understanding of the acquisition of spatial knowledge and studying cognitive maps, as well as research on navigation and individual and collective memorization. In both cases, spatial behaviors and mental representations are fundamental focuses. Using CORES research combining artistic and scientific perspectives as an example, we clarify specific differences within a framework common to the arts and sciences. This article will develop three points: 1) Artistic and scientific research contexts, 2) Interactions between artistic and scientific perspectives, 3) Proposal of a 7-step joint arts and sciences research cycle. In so doing, this study aims to counter the divide between the artistic and scientific fields by demonstrating a shared creative dynamic.
A Note on Injective Factors with Trivial Bicentralizer
Authors: Okayasu Rui
Published: October 2024

We give an alternative proof that an injective factor on a Hilbert space with trivial bicentralizer is an infinite tensor product of factors of finte type I (ITPFI factor). Our proof is given in parallel with each type of factor and it is based on the strategy of Haagerup. As a consequence, the uniqueness theorem of injective factors, except for type III

_{0}

, follows from Araki–Woods’ result.
Movable Singularity of Some Hamiltonian Systems Associated with Blowup Phenomena
Authors: Yoshino Masafumi
Published: October 2024

The motivation for this paper comes from a blowup problem for a semi-linear wave equation and a heat equation. Following an idea of J. Leray, we study a radially symmetric self-similar solution which has singularities on the characteristic cone. This naturally leads to the study of a Hamiltonian system called a profile equation. The novelty of this paper is that we focus on the movable singularity of the Hamiltonian system and we use Borel summability in constructing a singular solution. By “movable singularity” we mean that the singularity does not appear in the coefficients of the equation and depends on the respective solution. In the proof of our theorem we reduce the Hamiltonian system to a simpler form by a method similar to the so-called Birkhoff reduction. We obtain the parametrization of a singular solution by an elementary function. We also give applications to a semi-linear wave equation and a heat equation.
Lattices of Logmodular Algebras
Authors: Bhat B. V. Rajarama , Kumar Manish
Published: October 2024

A subalgebra

\mathcal{A}

of a

C^{*}

-algebra

\mathcal{M}

is logmodular (resp. has factorization) if the set

\{a^{*}a;\ \text{$a\in\mathcal{M}$ is invertible with $a,a^{-1}\in\mathcal{A}$}\}

is dense in (resp. equal to) the set of all positive and invertible elements of

\mathcal{M}

. In this paper, we show that the lattice of projections in a (separable) von Neumann algebra

\mathcal{M}

whose ranges are invariant under a logmodular algebra in

\mathcal{M}

, is a commutative subspace lattice. Further, if

\mathcal{M}

is a factor then this lattice is a nest. As a special case, it follows that all reflexive (in particular, completely distributive CSL) logmodular subalgebras of type I factors are nest algebras, thus answering in the affirmative a question by Paulsen and Raghupathi (Trans. Amer. Math. Soc.
363
(2011) 2627–2640). We also give a complete characterization of logmodular subalgebras in finite-dimensional von Neumann algebras.
The Principle of Limiting Amplitude for Perturbed Wave Equations in an Exterior Domain
Authors: Mochizuki Kiyoshi , Nakazawa Hideo
Published: October 2024

In this paper we consider the dissipative wave propagation problem in an exterior domain. Uniform estimates and Hölder conditions of the resolvent are studied for the reduced wave operator without dissipation. Based on these results, the validity of the principle of the limiting amplitude is proved for the wave propagation problem with dissipation.
Infrasound Phenomenon in Engine Test Cells
Authors:   EG-1E Gas Turbine Test Facilities and Equipment
Published: October 2024

This SAE Aerospace Information Report (AIR) has been written for individuals associated with the ground-level testing of large turbofan and turbojet engines, particularly those who are interested in infrasound phenomena.
Plating, Electroless Nickel-Phosphorous
Authors:   AMS B Finishes Processes and Fluids Committee
Published: October 2024

This specification covers the requirements for electroless nickel with phosphorus deposited on various materials.
Aerospace Series - Non-Deliverable Software Requirements
Authors:   G-14 Americas Aerospace Quality Standards Committee (AAQSC)
Published: October 2024

This standard defines the requirements for the effective control of non-deliverable software. This standard can be used during the design, development, test, production, release, use, maintenance, and retirement of non-deliverable software. This can include non-deliverable software procured from external suppliers and utilized in the design, production, evaluation, test, acceptance, or calibration of a deliverable product.

This standard focuses solely on the unique requirements of the operational processes that pertain to non-deliverable software as identified by clause 1.2.

Operational processes not covered in this standard are addressed by the respective organization’s Quality Management System (QMS), based on the 9100-series (i.e., 9100, 9110, 9120) and/or ISO 9001 standards.

If there is a conflict between the requirements of this standard, and customer or applicable statutory/regulatory requirements, the latter shall take precedence.
Contra el dirigismo. Reforma estatal, privatizaciones y cambios fiscales durante la última dictadura según el relato de Martínez de Hoz
Authors: Zícari Julián
Published: October 2024

El trabajo utiliza los libros de memorias y entrevistas de Martínez de Hoz para reconstruir las explicaciones de este con respecto a la reforma del Estado llevada a cabo durante su gestión. Para llevar adelante este objetivo el artículo se divide en cuatro partes. Una primera destinada a explicar el espíritu general con el cual se buscó realizar la reforma del Estado. Una segunda dedicada a analizar quiénes fueron las principales víctimas de dichos cambios. Una tercera que hace un análisis de la cuestión de la privatización de empresas públicas, mientras que una cuarta buscará dar cuenta de las reformas con vistas a la cuestión fiscal. Finalmente, se cierra este escrito con algunas conclusiones al respecto.
Determining the needs of teachers for teaching geometry education activities to children with visual impairments in early childhood using digital learning tools
Authors: Çetingöz Duygu , Günhan Berna Cantürk
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this research is to determine the needs of teachers for teaching geometry education activities to early childhood children with visual impairments using digital learning tools. The data for the study was collected during the fall semester of 2024-2025 through need analysis forms filled out by a total of 9 preschool and special education teachers working in state schools for the visually impaired located in Turkey's three largest cities: İzmir, Istanbul, and Ankara. The study is designed as a case study, one of the qualitative research designs. A single embedded case design was used in the study. In a single embedded case design, there are often multiple sub-units or layers within a single case (Yıldırım and Şimşek, 2018). The data collected in this study was analyzed using the content analysis method. When the results obtained from this research are generally examined, it was determined that the needs of teachers regarding the process of teaching and learning geometry to early childhood children with visual impairments are composed of the sub-themes of achievements, activities, and materials under the theme of the geometry teaching and learning process, and the sub-themes of learning and teaching under the theme of difficulties experienced in the geometry teaching and learning process. Additionally, the needs of teachers concerning the use of digital tools and technology in the geometry teaching and learning process were identified under the sub-themes of benefits, in-service training, and recommendations.
AKULTURASI BUDAYA PADA INTERIOR ARSITEKTUR MASJID TUA AL-WAHHAB BONTANG
Authors: Arifin Fitriyani
Published: October 2024

Mosque architecture evolutively moves forward towards greater perfection in terms of its perfection as a building and as a means of implementing Islamic teachings from time to time. Al-Wahhab Old Mosque is an old mosque and one of the milestones of the founding of Bontang City, which was built inseparable from social values and has a uniqueness in its architecture and interior design. This research raises the issue of the form and style of the interior architecture of the Al-Wahhab Old Mosque by using interpretative qualitative methods, namely, parsing various cultural facts contained in the object of research. The results showed that the continuous development carried out on the interior architecture of the Al-Wahhab Old Mosque from 2001 AD until 2018 AD, the style of the mosque form has a mixture of two or more cultures that meet and influence each other (cultural acculturation), namely the ancient Javanese mosque (mihrab, liwan / prayer room, and portico), the style of pre-existing Hindu temple buildings (mosque entrances and windows), the style of ancient Kalimantan mosques (minarets or minarets), the style of traditional Banjar tribal houses in South Kalimantan (auxiliary building walls and gate column walls), the Jepara motif style (pulpit podium), and the Indian flow dome style (dome roof of the mosque gate).
Ketogenic diet - A gateway to optimize aerobic and anaerobic athletic performance
Authors: Kaur Dilpreet , Alzahrani Abdullah , Alhusayni Abdullah , Ahsan Mohammad
Published: October 2024

This narrative review aims to highlight the effect of the Ketogenic diet on aerobic and anaerobic athletic performance. This paper adopts a narrative approach exposing the results of approximately 40 earlier studies to define the scope of applying the ketogenic diet as a nutritional therapy, aiming to aid recovery from fatigue or muscle damage caused by exercise and to increase aerobic and anaerobic performance. A ketogenic diet appears better suited for lower-intensity physical activities conducted in a balanced or moderate state of energy demand. However, there is a lack of consensus on its compatibility with strength exercises that require maximal bursts of energy. These investigations should explore its effects on performance, health, and body composition compared to other dietary approaches. Ultimately, a better understanding of the ketogenic diet's benefits and limitations will help athletes and individuals make informed decisions about its adoption for optimizing their health and athletic goals.
Keywords: Injuries, ketogenic, ketosis, aerobic exercises, anaerobic exercises, muscle damage
Effects of polarized and pyramidal training, with or without mindfulness, on race time and performance in amateur runners: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Arboleda-Serna Víctor Hugo , Cruz-González Jerman Jesyd , Castillo Daza Carlos Alberto , Cardozo Luis Alberto
Published: October 2024

Problem: Road races in athletics has increased worldwide in recent years, leading to a growth in amateur runners (AR). Despite this growth, research aimed at this population is scarce and has methodological weaknesses. One topic of recent interest in AR is the effects of training intensity distribution (TID) and mindfulness on race time (RT); however, there is not enough evidence to establish a consensus among scientists, trainers, and athletes. Objective: To compare the effects of four training programs with polarized and pyramidal TID models on 10 km RT, ventilatory thresholds one and two, maximum aerobic speed, maximum oxygen consumption and body composition in AR. Method: A randomized controlled clinical trial with four parallel arms. The study groups include two with a polarized TID model and two with a pyramidal TID model, both combined with and without a mindfulness program over 12 weeks. Mindfulness practice will consist of 65 minutes per week through individual sessions and group workshops. Discussion: The practice of recreational athletics is increasing; however, the effect of TID and mindfulness on RT in this population have not been extensively studied.
Keywords: Training intensity distribution, mindfulness, amateur runners, race time, body composition, polarized training, pyramidal training.
Custodial Shadows: Lived Experiences of Postpartum Mothers Deprived of Liberty
Authors:   PhD, RN, College of Health Sciences, Dr Yanga’s Colleges Inc, Bocaue, Bulacan, Philippines, S Cunanan Micaella , P De Jesus Regie ,   PhD, RN, College of Health Sciences, Dr Yanga’s Colleges Inc, Bocaue, Bulacan, Philippines, B Carbonell Daniela ,   PhD, RN, College of Health Sciences, Dr Yanga’s Colleges Inc, Bocaue, Bulacan, Philippines, Veronica C Pacetes Angelica ,   PhD, RN, College of Health Sciences, Dr Yanga’s Colleges Inc, Bocaue, Bulacan, Philippines, P Santillan Reignan ,   PhD, RN, College of Health Sciences, Dr Yanga’s Colleges Inc, Bocaue, Bulacan, Philippines
Published: October 2024

Postpartum care is critical for women, particularly for those who are incarcerated, as they navigate both physical recovery and the unique challenges of their circumstances. Access to adequate healthcare within correctional systems remains severely limited, impacting the well-being of these women. While existing research has examined various prison-based programs—such as parenting classes, prison nurseries, and health initiatives—the voices and experiences of Postpartum Mothers Deprived of Liberty (PMDL) raising infants while imprisoned are often overlooked. This study aims to illuminate these experiences and how the prison environment influences their roles as mothers. Employing a descriptive phenomenological approach, this research involved a comprehensive literature review and purposive sampling to gather a targeted research sample. Specific criteria were established to identify eligible primary data sources. Data collection primarily utilized semi-structured interviews, allowing for open dialogue that facilitated a deep exploration of the informants' thoughts, beliefs, and experiences. Data analysis followed Colaizzi’s descriptive phenomenological method, ensuring credibility and trustworthiness through triangulation techniques, including audio recordings, field notes, pilot testing, and consultations with a research expert and psychometrician. Member checking was also conducted to verify the accuracy of the findings based on the informants' experiences. The analysis revealed five key themes: "Accepting the Inevitable: The Problems Arise After Birth," "Amusement Amidst Dilemma," "Supporting the Unsung: Building Bridges for Mothers Behind Bars," "Resilient Solitude: Embracing Inner Peace Amidst Maternal Separation," and "Maternal Bonds in Confinement: Underdeveloped Maternal Identity." The study concludes that while PMDLs engage in livelihood initiatives, skill development, and support networks, their separation from their infants significantly hampers their ability to fulfill maternal obligations and undermines their identity as mothers.
Pertumbuhan dan Taburan Spatial Penduduk Bukan Warganegara di Malaysia
Authors: Ismail Muhamad Fadzil , Che Rose Rosniza Aznie
Published: October 2024

Malaysia merupakan salah sebuah negara yang sedang membangun dan berkembang dengan pesat sejak pelaksanaan pelbagai dasar ekonomi dalam tempoh 1991 hingga 2020. Kini kadar pertumbuhan ekonomi adalah sebanyak 8.7 peratus pada tahun 2022. Seiring dengan kemajuan dan pertumbuhan pesat ekonomi negara, komposisi penduduk bukan warganegara di Malaysia semakin meningkat dengan ketara bermula dengan 4.3 peratus (751,113 orang) daripada jumlah penduduk negara pada tahun 1991 kepada 8.3 peratus (2,691,070 orang) pada tahun 2020. Kemasukan penduduk bukan warga negara memberi implikasi yang positif dan negatif dalam mengimbangi keperluan sektor ekonomi khususnya tenaga kerja kepada negara. Berdasarkan analisis statistik spatial menggunakan data Banci Penduduk dan Perumahan Malaysia 1991-2020, taburan spatial secara berkelompok dengan nilai z yang meningkat dapat diperhatikan sepanjang tempoh tersebut. Kajian juga menunjukkan komposisi penduduk BWN tertumpu di negeri Sabah, Selangor dan Johor manakala di peringkat strata peningkatan berterusan dapat diperhatikan di negeri yang mempunyai tahap perbandaran yang tinggi. Penggunaan aplikasi dan data spatial di pelbagai peringkat geografi diharapkan dapat menjadi input tambahan kepada perancangan pembangunan sosial negara terutama dalam aspek keselamatan dan pembangunan fizikal khususnya di peringkat daerah dan strata.