bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kualitas Organoleptik dan Total Plate Count Daging Babi yang Dibungkus Plastik dan Daun Jati
Authors: Sriyani Ni Luh Putu , Sumardani Ni Luh Gede , Subrata I Wayan
Published: February 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat kualitas organoleptik dan kandungan TPC (Total Plate Count) daging babi yang dibungkus dengan plastik dan daun jati pada masa simpan yang berbeda. Materi penelitian menggunakan daging babi landrace yang diperoleh di pasar tradisional Pasar Sanglah. Sampel yang digunakan adalah pada bagian otot longisimus dorsi (LD). Data organoleptik dianalisis statistik nonparametrik dengan uji Hedonik menurut Mann-Whitney antara pembungkus plastik dengan daun jati dan Kruskal Wallis antara lama waktu simpan. Sementara kandungan TPC dianalis dengan menggunaka T-Test pada setiap lama simpan yang berbeda. Hasil analisis non parametrik daging babi Landrace yang dibungkus plastik pada variabel warna, aroma, tekstur, keempukan, dan penerimaan keseluruhan, nyata lebih rendah (P<0,05) daripada daging yang dibungkus daun jati pada lama simpan 4 jam, 8 jam maupun 12 jam. Daging yang dibungkus plastik kualitas organoleptik menurun secara nyata (P< 0,05) dari penyimpanan 4 jam sampai 12 jam. Sementara daging yang dibungkus daun jati menghasilkan kualitas organoletik yang tidak berbeda nyata dari 4 jam sampai 12 jam penyimpanan. Kandungan TPC daging babi landrace yang dibungkus daun jati nyata lebih rendah daripada daging yang dibungkus plastik selama masa penyimpanan 4,8 maupun 12 jam. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pembungkusan daging dengan daun jati mampu mempertahankan kualitas organoleptik daging babi landrace selama penyimpanan sampai 12 jam. Pembungkus daging dengan daun jati juga mampu menekan pertumbuhan kandungan TPC daging babi landrace selama penyimpanan sampai 12 jam.
Respons Sitokin Interferon Gamma Terhadap Derajat Infeksi Skabies pada Kelinci
Authors: Azhimah Amirotul , Lastuti Nunuk Dyah Retno , Widiyatno Thomas Valentinus , Suwanti Lucia Tri , Hastutiek Poedji , Plumeriastuti Hani
Published: February 2022

Skabies merupakan penyakit kulit menular yang disebabkan oleh tungau Sarcoptes scabiei. Peran IFN-? terhadap reaksi hipersensitivitas skabies dengan tingkat keparahan yang berbeda belum banyak dilaporkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi peran sitokin IFN-? pada proses peradangan dan tingkat kerusakan kulit akibat derajat infeksi skabies pada kelinci sehingga dapat diketahui lebih lanjut mengenai reaksi patogenesis skabies pada kelinci. Sebanyak 24 ekor kelinci yang secara alami terinfeksi S. scabiei digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Penelitian ini mengelompokkan hewan coba menjadi empat kelompok berdasarkan luasan lesi dan ketebalan krusta akibat infeksi skabies, yaitu: kelompok kontrol, skabies ringan, skabies sedang, dan skabies berat. Setiap kelompok dilakukan pemeriksaan imunohistokimia menggunakan antibodi IFN-?. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa derajat infeksi skabies berpengaruh terhadap ekspresi sitokin IFN-? yang ditunjukkan dengan intensitas perubahan warna kecoklatan yang berbeda pada jaringan kulit kelinci yang terinfeksi skabies ringan, skabies sedang, dan skabies berat. Uji statistika dengan uji Kruskal Wallis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang nyata pada ekspresi sitokin IFN-? terhadap skabies ringan, skabies sedang, dan skabies berat P<0,05). Simpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu semakin berat derajat infeksi skabies, ekspresi IFN-? semakin meningkat.
Prevalensi dan Kepekaan Bakteri Enteropatogen terhadap Antibiotik pada Monyet Ekor Panjang dengan Diare di Fasilitas Penangkaran Institut Pertanian Bogor di Dramaga
Authors: Loe Fhady Risckhy , Tomongo Suzy , Saepuloh Dondin Sajuthi Uus , Sajuthi Dondin , Suparto Irma H
Published: February 2022

Monyet ekor panjang (Macaca fascicularis) adalah salah satu hewan laboratorium dalam penelitian biomedis. Fasilitas penangkaran untuk hewan laboratorium diatur dan didukung oleh kaidah kesejahteraan hewan dan manajemen kesehatan yang baik. Salah satu masalah yang sering terjadi di fasilitas penangkaran adalah diare, termasuk di fasilitas penangkaran IPB Dramaga. Diare menyebabkan penurunan produktivitas karena tingginya morbiditas dan mortalitas. Bakteri enteropatogenik adalah salah satu penyebab diare yang dapat ditularkan antar hewan juga melalui air dan pakan. Oleh karena itu, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi prevalensi bakteri enteropatogen pada sampel feses, air dan pakan, menguji kepekanan bakteri enteropatogen terhadap antibiotik dari sampel feses di fasilitas penangkaran Dramaga. Sebanyak 30 sampel feses, enam sampel air dan dua sampel pakan dikoleksi kemudian diuji untuk mengetahui adanya bakteri enteropatogen. Metode mikrobiologis standar digunakan untuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi bakteri enteropatogen dari sampel feses dan pengujian kepekaan antibiotik.. Air dan pakan diuji menggunakan metode angka paling mungkin. Hasil isolasi dan identifikasi bakteri dari sampel feses adalah E. coli (100%), Salmonella enteritidis (97%) dan Shigella sp. (60%). Kontaminasi E. coli dan coliform dalam sampel air dan pakan (pisang dan monkey chow) terdeteksi di atas batas minimum (0/100 mL/g). Semua bakteri enteropatogen sensitif terhadap siprofloksasin dan gentamisin tetapi resisten terhadap eritromisin.
Parameter Hematologi dan Biokimia Darah Babi Bali Sebelum Sapih yang Dipelihara Secara Tradisional dan Konvensional
Authors: Widyasari Ni Nyoman Ayu , Mahardika I Gede , Dharmawan Nyoman Sadra
Published: February 2022

Telah dilakukan penelitian eksperimental yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui parameter hematologi dan biokimia darah babi bali (tanpa membedakan jenis kelamin) sebelum sapih yang dipelihara secara tradisional dan konvensional di Desa Seraya, Karangasem, Bali. Parameter yang diamati adalah pertambahan bobot badan, eritrosit, hematokrit, hemoglobin, leukosit, dan deferinsial leukosit, serta kolesterol, trigliserida, dan total protein. Bobot badan diukur dengan cara menimbang anak babi sejak lahir hingga umur sapih. Profil hematologi diperiksa dengan menggunakan hematology analyzer. Kolesterol, trigliserida dan total protein diperiksa dengan menggunakan photometer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rerata kenaikan bobot badan anak babi bali yang dipelihara secara tradisional dan konvensional selama 8 minggu (umur sapih) adalah 3,52 kg dan 4,48 kg. Kisaran eritosit babi bali sebelum sapih pada penelitian ini adalah: 4,01-7,76 x 106/?L; hematokrit: 19,88-37,7 %; dan hemoglobin: 5,4-12,21 g/dL; leukosit: 14,85-28,18 x 103/?L; neutrofil 2,24-10,02 %; eosinofil 0,25-2,7 %; basofil 1,32-8,13 %; limfosit 74-85,11 %; dan monosit 3,9-7 %. Kolesterol: 57,57-114,55 mg/dL; trigliserida: 25,57-42,45 mg/dL; dan total protein: 4,93-6,73 gr/dL. Hasil analisis secara statistik menunjukkan ada perbedaan nyata (P<0,05) antara rerata eritrosit, hematokrit, dan hemoglobin anak babi yang dipelihara secara tradisional dibandingkan dengan yang konvensional. Namun, bobot badan, leukosit dan deferensial leukosit, serta kolesterol, trigliserida, dan total protein tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05).
Publishing during a pandemic
Authors: Vieira Bianca P.
Published: February 2022

Scientific knowledge has a well-established cycle of generating hypotheses, testing them in experiments with proper discussion, and submitting it to the scientific community analysis through publications. It takes time to establish sample size for biomedical studies, especially concerning the effect of medicines and vaccines. The World Health Organization’s protocol estimates that more than 19 months of experiments are necessary to approve a vaccine, for example. As the world has witnessed, a pandemic with immediate impact on human lives urges scientific methods to speed up finding solutions. Here it was assessed the speed and volume of information generated by the Academia to tackle the COVID-19 compared to the Swine Flu pandemic. Were considered papers published in journals indexed in PubMed, the most comprehensive biomedical scientific database available online. The number of publications about COVID-19 was 11 times higher than the number of publications about Swine Flu in a one-year timeframe. Though the expectation were finding more international collaborations and studies focusing on vaccines for COVID-19, papers were mostly concentrated in China and studying symptoms, managing the pandemic, reviewing knowledge, or establishing clinical trials. For sure, science is working faster every day for solutions in biomedical critical situations. However, the fast volume of information might blurry decisions on public health management. This paper’s results show it is mandatory before using papers to take actions, waiting for the scientific community to first progress on its scientific knowledge cycle and mature discussions on the generated knowledge.
On authorship in science: power, misconduct, responsibility and accountability
Authors: Datta Sayantan
Published: February 2022

The discovery of a case of data manipulation resulting in retraction of a high-impact paper revived conversations around scientific misconduct in India. Such malpractice is neither new nor rare. When it is discovered, there is a tendency to push the blame onto a junior author. But what makes one eligible to be an author in a scientific manuscript? In a case of misconduct, which authors must take the blame, and how do we hold them accountable? In this essay, I use the case of the recent retraction mentioned above to highlight the contentious nature of authorship in science.
The use of botulinum toxin injection into the mentalis muscle in aesthetic medicine procedures
Authors: Przybylska Patrycja , Morawska Alicja , Ortarzewska Martyna , Parvanov Margarita
Published: February 2022

Botulinum toxin, produced by the bacteria Clostridium botulinum, paralyzes muscle contraction by inhibiting the conduction of nerve impulses. Injections of the preparation are widely used as a non-surgical method of improving the face appearance. The mentalis muscles and the surrounding soft tissue are considered key structures in lower facial rejuvenation treatments.The ability to precisely locate the muscle is a challenge for every doctor who performs treatments with the use of neurotoxin and determines therapeutic success. The muscle extends 5–10 mm from the midline and 20–30 mm from the horizontal line joining the mouth, and is present at a depth of 6.7–10.7 mm under the skin. Typically, a single midline injection of 4 to 10 units of onobotulin, incobotulin, parabotulin or 12–30 U of abobotulin is sufficient. Two injections laterally from the center of the chin are allowed, using 4–5 units of the toxin (12–15 U for abobotulin). The aim of the article is to review the use of neurotoxin injection into the mental muscle in aesthetic medicine procedures.
Klasifikasi Status Gizi Pada Lansia Menggunakan Learning Vector Quantization 3 (LVQ 3)
Authors: Muzaqi Khurun Ain , Junaidi Apri , Saputra Wahyu Andi
Published: February 2022

The Elderly is someone who has reached the age of 60 years, the main health problem in the elderly is nutritional problems. Nutritional status is a measurement that can assess food intake and the use of nutrients in the body. One of the assessments of nutritional status in the elderly uses anthropometry with the type of measurement of Body Mass Index (BMI). Determination of nutrition is an effort to increase Life Expectancy (UHH). Therefore, a study will be conducted on the classification of nutritional status in the elderly using the Learning Vector Quantization 3 (LVQ 3) method with seven inputs used, namely: gender, age, Bb, Tb, BMI, social status and disease history, and five results of status classification nutritional status, namely inferior nutritional status, poor nutritional status, normal nutritional status, obese nutritional status, and very obese nutritional status. The best parameters used in this study are: learning rate (α) = 0.2, learning rate reduction = 0.4, window (ɛ) = 0.4 and minimum learning rate = 0.001, epoch = 1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000 with a comparison of the distribution of training and testing data of 80:20 on a total of 599 data. Based on the test results, the number of epoch values affects the accuracy results. The highest accuracy obtained is 86.67%. The calculations using the confusion matrix in this algorithm are 87% accuracy, 83% precision, and 81% recall. The Learning Vector Quantization 3 (LVQ 3) method can use to classify nutritional status in the elderly.
The Psychological Potential of Water Surfaces in Urban Design: A Study of Urban Environments in Prague and Santa Cruz de Tenerife
Authors: Havránková Lucie , Ondr Pavel , Moravcová Jana , Sláma Jiří
Published: February 2022

This article focuses on the comparison and perception of the potential of water’s surface in selected parts of the waterfront in two contrasting cities. The aim is to define the potential of the water’s surface in terms of psychology and its effects on climate. The analysis was performed on the example of Prague with its waterfront on the river Vltava, and Santa Cruz de Tenerife with its Atlantic coastline. Data was sourced from maps, questionnaire surveys and interviews with waterfront users during October 2020. The research showed a higher importance of the water’s surface for users in Prague, than in Santa Cruz. The main finding is that the psychological perception of the waterfront by its the users is affected by the possibility of a visual contact with the water’s surface, the design and composition of the space, and the climate situation of a site affected by the presence of an urban heat island (UHI). The results promote an adherence to ecosystem-based approaches in future design projects and modifications of existing public spaces. The purpose of the work is to open a broader debate on the sustainability of the potential of waterfronts and their positive impact on human health.
Particulate Matter Measurement with Low-Cost Sensors—Investigation of Data Quality and the Benefit of Data Correction Approaches
Authors: von Kuyck-Studzinski Tobias , Buller Thoralf , Conrad Alexander
Published: February 2022

The transmission and analysis of data is one of the challenges of the 21st century. In the field of environmental measurement technology, existing broadband and wireless technologies have not been able to transmit data reliably and cost-effectively over long distances and in hard-to-reach places. LoRaWAN, an IoT technology, could be an energy-efficient, cost-effective and secure alternative as a narrowband technology in combination with battery-powered sensors and thus make an important contribution to the intelligent, largely wireless networking of objects, plants and machines (IoT), for example in the municipal sector. In addition to ecological and economic benefits, the quality of life in modern, intelligently networked cities can be enhanced by real time data acquisition. However, the prerequisite is that the quality of the data acquired via this method is sufficiently good. This paper therefore addresses the question of the quality of particulate matter data collected by low-cost sensors. To determine this, an SDS011 particulate matter sensor from Nova Fitness was ported to LoRaWAN. The sensor was installed next to a governmental measurement station. In a test that lasted five weeks, data from the SDS011 sensor were compared with those from the governmental station. Differences were identified and a correction approach was developed and applied. The efficiency of the approach was verified. Based on the results, it can be seen that the use of the low cost sensors has weaknesses. Problems can only be partially reduced. Nevertheless, the use of the low-cost sensors can be helpful for a flexible and cost effective collection of environmental data.
Study on the Grading Treatment Model of "Health Management Center" in the Perspective of Sports-Health Care Integration
Authors: Sun Junjiang , Szumilewicz Anna
Published: February 2022

(1) Background: With continuous globalization and modernization of people's lives, lifestyle has changed dramatically, with decreased physical activity and increased unhealthy eating patterns in many nations throughout the world. With the COVID-19 pandemic and changes taking place in people’s health and lifestyles around the world, the need for rehabilitation is expected to rise in the coming years.(2)Methods: This paper analyzes the integration model of sports and health care using theoretical analysis, literature reviews, logical reasoning, and other methods.(3)Results: The integration of sports and health care in China has entered the stage of practical implementation after many years of development, forming a few representative integration patterns. Governments, communities, community hospitals, hospitals, and third-party institutions are the main participants, with the community playing an important role in the integration. Pharmacies, sports venues, and schools with sufficient staff have a relatively low participation rate.(4)Conclusion: The grading treatment has been applied in health management and sports rehabilitation, based on the development of digital medicine, a government-led grading treatment model of "health management center" can promote the participation of multiple subjects in the integration of sports and health care, solving the problems existing in the current integration process to a certain extent.
Konstruksi Karier pada Biseksual: Studi Kasus
Authors: Syamila Diana , Hidayat Dede Rahmat
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini melaporkan efektivitas konseling konstruksi karier dengan seorang biseksual. Klien dipilih secara purposive, dengan kriteria seleksi seorang wanita biseksual muda dewasa yang sedang mencari pekerjaan dan cakap dalam bercerita. Intervensi melibatkan administrasi wawancara Career Construction Interview (CCI) untuk pembentukan potret kehidupan melalui narasi yang diceritakan klien. Desain penelitian berupa kualitatif paradigma interpretatif. CCI diberikan untuk mengumpulkan data kualitatif dibantu dengan strategi delapan langkah Savickas untuk melengkapi data. Penelitian memiliki banyak kekurangan, sehingga pembentukan potret kehidupan tidak dilakukan secara maksimal sebab data yang diperoleh tidak mencukupi. Namun, setelah intervensi klien menunjukkan pemahaman baru tentang dirinya yang sangat dipengaruhi oleh emosi sang Ibu, sehingga proses konseling berhasil membuat klien membentuk rencana langkah-langkah perbaikan.
Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematika Siswa dengan Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Numbered Heads Together (NHT) pada Kelas VIII SMP Bhakti Nusantara Jakarta
Authors: Astuti Nur Meilani
Published: February 2022

This research is class action research aimed at enhancing the students understanding mathematical concepts using NHT cooperative learning model in class VIII-1 SMP Bhakti Nusantara Jakarta. The study was implemented in 3 cycles. The NHT cooperative learning model consists of five phases, they are: Numbering phase, questioning phase, heads together phase, call out phase and answering phase. The final test score for understanding the mathematical concepts of SP1 in cycle I was 78.6, in cycle II became to 82.1, in cycle III increased to 85.7. SP2 in cycle I was 71,4, in cycle II became to 75, in cycle III increased to 92,9. SP3 in cycle I was 57,1, in cycle II became to 67,9, in cycle III increased to 75. SP4 in cycle I was 67,9, in cycle II became to 78,6, in cycle III increased to 82,1. SP5 in cycle I was 46,4, in cycle II became to 71,4, in cycle III increased to 85,7. SP6 in cycle I was 57,1, in cycle II became to 60,8, in cycle III increased to 75. So, it can be concluded that the application of the NHT cooperative model can increase the student’s ability in understanding mathematical concepts.
Desain Pembelajaran Daring Matematika Berbasis Inkuiri Pada Materi Transformasi Geometri
Authors: Rosselyne
Published: February 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the instructional paradigm carried out in schools into learning from home. This causes the need for adaptation of new habits in the online learning process. This article presents an inquiry-based online mathematics learning design on geometry transformation material for high school students (SMA). The selected sub-material is reflection. The development of learning design begins with conducting student analysis, needs analysis, and task analysis focused on the material to be selected. Learning objectives and learning stages are also discussed in detail, and plans for formative and summative evaluations are discussed at the end of the article.
Kemampuan Komunikasi Matematis Siswa Terhadap Materi Persamaan Linear Satu Variabel
Authors: Sopia Nurapni
Published: February 2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa SMP kelas VII B di SMP N 3 Sungai Tebelian, Sintang, Kalimantan Barat. Selain itu, untuk menelaah masalah-masalah komunikasi yang dihadapi siswa selama pembelajaran pada materi Persamaan Linear Satu Variabel. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskripsi dengan subjek penelitian 25 siswa. Instrumen penelitian ini menggunakan angket respon untuk mengetahui kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa dengan 12 butir pertanyaan yang disebarkan secara langsung melalui offline. Ada enam indikator kemampuan komunikasi matematis yang dianalisis namun hanya satu indikator yang dapat dicapai dengan presentase perolehan hasil angket siswa 3,5%.
Analisis Kesulitan Guru Matematika Kelas VII Dalam Menerapkan Pembelajaran Daring Selama Pandemi Covid-19 Di SMP Nusantara Indah
Authors: Hutagaol Anita Sri Rejeki
Published: February 2022

Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui kesulitan guru matematika kelas VII dalam menerapkan pembelajaran daring selama pandemi covid-19 di SMP Nusantara Indah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif. Subjek penelitian guru matematika kelas VII SMP Nusantara Indah. Alat pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah pedoman wawancara dan dokumen. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring di masa pandemi covid-19 memiliki beragam problematika yang dialami oleh guru matematika, siswa, dan orangtua. Permasalahan dari guru matematika berupamenyampaikan materi pelajaran secara daring,beberapa siswa tidak aktif dalam mengikuti pembelajaran, kouta internet mahal,siswa berbohong kepada orang tua, susah mendapatkan jaringan internet. Beragam permasalahan tersebut dapat diatasi dengan membuat video pembelajaran,dipanggil kesekolah jika siswa mempunyai masalah atau kesulitan dalam mengikuti pembelajaran daring.
COVID-19–Related Discrimination Among Racial/Ethnic Minorities and Other Marginalized Communities in the United States
Authors: Strassle Paula D. , Stewart Anita L. , Quintero Stephanie M. , Bonilla Jackie , Alhomsi Alia , Santana-Ufret Verónica , Maldonado Ana I. , Forde Allana T. , Nápoles Anna María
Published: February 2022

Objectives. To determine the prevalence of COVID-19–related discrimination among major US racial/ethnic groups and estimate associations between discrimination, race/ethnicity, and other sociodemographic characteristics.

Methods. We conducted a nationally representative online survey of 5500 American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian, Black/African American, Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, Latino (English and Spanish speaking), White, and multiracial adults from December 2020 to February 2021. Associations between sociodemographic characteristics and COVID-19–related discrimination were estimated via multinomial logistic regression.

Results. A total of 22.1% of the participants reported experiencing discriminatory behaviors, and 42.7% reported that people acted afraid of them. All racial/ethnic minorities were more likely than White adults to experience COVID-19–related discrimination, with Asian and American Indian/Alaska Native adults being most likely to experience such discrimination (discriminatory behaviors: adjusted odd ratio [AOR] = 2.59; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.73, 3.89; and AOR = 2.67; 95% CI = 1.76, 4.04; people acting afraid: AOR = 1.54; 95% CI = 1.15, 2.07; and AOR = 1.84; 95% CI = 1.34, 2.51). Limited English proficiency, lower education, lower income, and residing in a big city or the East South Central census division also increased the prevalence of discrimination.

Conclusions. COVID-19–related discrimination is common, and it appears that the pandemic has exacerbated preexisting resentment against racial/ethnic minorities and marginalized communities. Efforts are needed to minimize and discredit racially driven language and discrimination around COVID-19 and future epidemics. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(3):453–466. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306594 )
Multilevel Intervention for Low-Income Maternal Smokers in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)
Authors: Collins Bradley N. , Lepore Stephen J. , Egleston Brian L.
Published: February 2022

Objectives. To test the efficacy of Babies Living Safe and Smokefree (BLiSS), a multilevel intervention initiated in a citywide safety net health system to improve low-income maternal smokers’ abstinence and reduce child tobacco smoke exposure.

Methods. This randomized controlled trial in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (2015–2020), recruited low-income maternal smokers who received a brief smoking intervention (Ask, Advise, Refer [AAR]) from nutrition professionals in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children before randomization to (1) a multilevel intervention (AAR + multimodal behavioral intervention [MBI]; n = 199) or (2) an attention control intervention (AAR + control; n = 197).

Results. AAR + MBI mothers had significantly higher 12-month bioverified abstinence rates than did AAR + control mothers (odds ratio [OR] = 9.55; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.54, 59.30; P = .015). There were significant effects of time (b = −0.15; SE = 0.04; P < .001) and condition by time (b = −0.19; SE = 0.06; P < .001) on reported child exposure favoring AAR + MBI, but no group difference in child cotinine. Presence of other residential smokers was related to higher exposure. Higher baseline nicotine dependence was related to higher child exposure and lower abstinence likelihood at follow-up.

Conclusions. The multilevel BLiSS intervention was acceptable and efficacious in a population that experiences elevated challenges with cessation.

Public Health Implications. BLiSS is a translatable intervention model that can successfully improve efforts to address the persistent tobacco-related burdens in low-income communities.

Trial Registration. Clinical Trials.gov identifier: NCT02602288. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(3):472–481. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306601 )
Spinopelvic Characteristics Normalize 1 Year After Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Innmann Moritz M. , Verhaegen Jeroen C.F. , Reichel Franz , Schaper Bibiane , Merle Christian , Grammatopoulos George
Published: February 2022

Background:

The presence of hip osteoarthritis is associated with abnormal spinopelvic characteristics. This study aimed to determine whether the preoperative, pathological spinopelvic characteristics normalize at 1 year after total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Methods:

This was a prospective, longitudinal, case-control, matched cohort study. Forty-seven patients undergoing THA underwent preoperative and 1-year postoperative assessments. This group was matched with regard to age, sex, and body mass index with 47 controls (volunteers) with well-functioning hips. All participants underwent clinical and radiographic assessments including lateral radiographs in standing, relaxed-seated, and deep-flexed-seated positions. Spinopelvic characteristics included change in lumbar lordosis (ΔLL), change in pelvic tilt (ΔPT), and hip flexion (change in pelvic-femoral angle, ΔPFA) when moving from a standing position to either of the seated positions. Spinopelvic hypermobility was defined as ΔPT > 30° between the standing and upright-seated positions.

Results:

Patients who underwent THA, compared with the control group, preoperatively demonstrated less mean change in hip flexion (ΔPFA, −54.8° ± 17.1° compared with −68.5° ± 9.5°; p < 0.001), greater mean change in pelvic tilt (ΔPT, 22.0° ± 13.5° compared with 12.7° ± 8.1°; p < 0.001), and greater mean lumbar movement (ΔLL, −22.7° ± 15.5° compared with −15.4° ± 10.9°; p = 0.015) transitioning from a standing position to an upright-seated position. After THA, these differences were no longer present between the THA group and the control group: the mean postoperative changes were −65.8° ± 12.5° (p = 0.256) for ΔPFA, 14.3° ± 9.5° (p = 0.429) for ΔPT, and −15.3° ± 10.6° (p = 0.966) for ΔLL. The higher prevalence of spinopelvic hypermobility in the THA group compared with the control group that was observed preoperatively (21% compared with 0%; p = 0.009) was no longer present after THA (6% compared with 0%; p = 0.194). Similar results were found moving from a standing position to a deep-seated position after THA.

Conclusions:

Preoperative spinopelvic characteristics that contribute to abnormal mechanics can normalize after THA following improvement in hip flexion. This leads to patients having the expected hip, pelvic, and spinal flexion as demographically matched controls, thus potentially eliminating abnormal mechanics that contribute to the development or exacerbation of hip-spine syndrome.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Kaplan-Meier and Cox Regression Are Preferable for the Analysis of Time to Revision of Joint Arthroplasty
Authors: Lie Stein Atle , Fenstad Anne Marie , Lygre Stein Håkon L. , Kroken Gard , Dybvik Eva , Gjertsen Jan-Erik , Hallan Geir , Dale Håvard , Furnes Ove
Published: February 2022

Background:

Previous studies have suggested that the probability function of 1 minus the Kaplan-Meier survivorship overestimates revision rates of implants and that patient death should be included in estimates as a competing risk factor. The present study aims to demonstrate that this line of thinking is incorrect and is a misunderstanding of both the Kaplan-Meier method and competing risks.

Methods:

This study demonstrated the differences, misunderstandings, and interpretations of classical, competing-risk, and illness-death models with use of data from the Norwegian Arthroplasty Register for 15,734 cemented and 7,867 uncemented total hip arthroplasties (THAs) performed from 1987 to 2000, with fixation as the exposure variable.

Results:

The mean age was higher for patients who underwent cemented (72 years) versus uncemented THA (53 years); as such, a greater proportion of patients who underwent cemented THA had died during the time of the study (47% compared with 29%). The risk of revision at 20 years was 18% for cemented and 42% for uncemented THAs. The cumulative incidence function at 20 years was 11% for cemented and 36% for uncemented THAs. The prevalence of revision at 20 years was 6% for cemented and 31% for uncemented THAs.

Conclusions:

Adding death as a competing risk will always attenuate the probability of revision and does not correct for dependency between patient death and THA revision. Adjustment for age and sex almost eliminated differences in risk estimates between the different regression models. In the analysis of time until revision of joint replacements, classical survival analyses are appropriate and should be advocated.

Level of Evidence:

Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Empleo rural y LEADER: actores, territorios y beneficiarios en Andalucía (2007–2015)
Authors: Cejudo García Eugenio , Cañete Pérez José Antonio , Navarro Valverde Francisco Antonio , Ruiz Moya Noelia
Published: February 2022

LEADER es una de las actuaciones más relevantes en materia de desarrollo rural puesta en marcha por la Unión Europea. Sus repercusiones socioeconómicas, lastradas por su exiguo presupuesto, han sido poco analizadas a escala municipal y para un territorio amplio. Abordamos su cuantificación a través de la inversión y tipo de empleo generado, según promotor, ámbito espacial y perfil de los beneficiados, en los  6225 proyectos ejecutados en Andalucía entre los años 2007–2015. Se constata tanto el desigual comportamiento de los diferentes actores según territorios como el menor empleo generado y, dentro de él, creado, respecto del periodo anterior 2000–2006. Son las Sociedades Mercantiles, especialmente las Limitadas, las que más empleo generan. Estas últimas, junto a las personas físicas, son las que más apuestan por la creación de empleo nuevo como forma de autoempleo frente a la crisis, ocupado por jóvenes y mujeres, mayoritariamente. Mientras las primeras benefician sobre todo al colectivo femenino y tienden a concentrarse en las áreas más dinámicas, las segundas adquieren relevancia en el mundo rural. Tanto las asociaciones, por la absoluta presencia de la mujer en ellas, como las Sociedades Cooperativas, por su fuerte implantación territorial y su relación con el sector agrario, juegan un papel relevante.
Growth and trade performance of indian fish export to china
Authors: Nisar Ubair
Published: February 2022

China has been the largest producer of fish in the world since 1989 and became the largest consumer of fish and fishery products recently. With increase in China’s demand and preference for shellfishes and value-added fish products, India sees China as the second largest export destination after the US. This study analyzed the status, export performance and competitiveness of Indian fish export to China based on data (2000-2018) from trademap.org and UNCOMTRADE statistical database. Compound Growth Rate (CGR) revealed that the seafood export grew at an annual rate of 9.68% in terms of value with instability of 0.24 from 2000-2018. The Simpson Index of Diversity (SID) to the China revealed that the index values remained highest all throughout the years as compared to USA and the rest of the world. The Unit Value Realization (UVR) was found highest in live fishes ($34.92/kg) followed by fresh chilled fish ($7.19/kg), crustaceans ($5.97/kg) and others for 2018. Commodity wise RCA revealed that it is highly positive for frozen fillet meat mince (10.22) followed by crustaceans (8.0) and frozen fish (5.05), indicating that India has a strong comparative advantage in exporting these commodities to China.
Comprehensive Analysis of M6A-Related lncRNAs, Immune Checkpoints and Immune Infiltrates in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Hui Lin , Junhua Zhang , Xiaoyu Guo , Lihua Wang , Qiao Xi
Published: February 2022

Background
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common renal cancer in the world and is strongly related to the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), which is mediated by N6 Methyladenosine-related long noncoding RNAs (m6A-related lncRNAs). In order to explore the underlying effective treatment and prognostic biomarkers, the correlation of m6A-related lncRNA, TIME with survival deserves in-depth study.
Methods
All the data which include 53 tumor samples as well as 72 normal samples were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Herein, we systematically explored the correlations of prominent m6A-related lncRNAs with 5 immune checkpoints (CTLA4, TIGIT, PDCD1, CD19 and LAG3) and immune infiltrates. Patients were divided into 2 clusters based on 30 prognostic m6A-related lncRNAs. Six m6A-related lncRNA-associated signatures were used to construct a risk model for ccRCC. Following that, we investigated the correlation between m6A-related lncRNA-associated signatures and immune cells, immune score, and immune checkpoints.
Results
The expressions of these 5 immune checkpoints (CTLA4, TIGIT, PDCD1, CD19 and LAG3) were positively correlated with the expressions of the 30 m6A-related lncRNAs. Compared to cluster 1, cluster 2 had a higher immunoscore, remarkable immune cell infiltration, upregulated checkpoints and poor prognosis. The hallmarks protein secret, androgen response, adipogenesis, bile acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism and PPAR signaling pathway were remarkably enriched in the cluster 1. With high-risk scores, patients had higher immunoscore and higher expression of the 5 immune checkpoints. The amount of tumor-infiltrating immune cells was dynamically altered by copy-number changes in m6A-related lncRNA-associated signatures.
Conclusions
Our research revealed the crucial involvement of m6A-related lncRNAs in the TIME of ccRCC. The suggested m6A-related lncRNA-associated signatures might be important mediators of TIME in ccRCC, providing ideal therapeutic targets in immunotherapeutic effectiveness.
Health-related Quality of Life in Osteoporosis Patients with and without Fractures in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Rajabi Marzieh , Ostovar Afshin , Sari Ali Akbari , Sajjadi-Jazi Sayed Mahmoud , Larijani Bagher , Fahimfar Noushin , Daroudi Rajabali
Published: February 2022

Background: Osteoporosis and related fractures are associated with significant morbidity and reduced Health-related Quality of Life (HRQoL). The objective of this study was to measure the HRQoL of osteoporosis patients in Tehran, the capital city of Iran. Method: We surveyed a sample of 478 patients with osteoporosis aged over 50 years with and without osteoporotic fractures. Patients with osteoporotic fractures (hip, vertebral, and forearm) admitted to the educational hospitals affiliated to the Tehran University of Medical Sciences-Iran, during 2017 were randomly selected. Patients without osteoporotic fractures were also randomly selected among patients with a definite diagnosis of osteoporosis who were referred to three outpatient clinics in Tehran during 2017. Data were collected using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. Statistical differences between patients with and without a history of fracture were tested with Pearson’s χ2 test, Student's t-test and Mann–Whitney U-test. The association between HRQOL and other variables was evaluated using a multiple linear regression model.Result: The mean ±SD age of the patient was 67.3±11.9 years, and 65% were women. A hundred and seventeen (23%) patients had hip fractures, 56 (11%) patients had vertebral fractures, 127 (25%) patients had forearm fractures and 178 (40%) patients had no fractures. The median (interquartile range) values of HRQOL scores of those with hip, vertebral, and forearm fractures and those with no history of fracture were 0.53 (0.22), 0.60 (0.28), 0.64 (0.26), and 0.64 (0.27), respectively. According to the result of multiple regression model there was a significant relationship between the HRQoL scores and gender, marital status, employment status, presence of any chronic illness in addition to osteoporosis and type of fracture.Conclusion: Osteoporosis and related fractures significantly reduced HRQoL. Due to the significant negative impacts of the osteoporosis on HRQoL and healthcare expenditures, Intervention strategies should be tailored to prevent it and to improve the HRQoL of osteoporosis patients.
First report of de novo assembly and annotation from brain and blood transcriptome of an anadromous shad, Alosa sapidissima
Authors: Sarker Kishor Kumar , Lu Liang , Huang Junman , Zhou Tao , Wang Li , Hu Yun , Jiang Lei , Naher Habibon , Baki Mohammad Abdul , Sarker Anirban , Li Chenhong
Published: February 2022

Objectives: American shad (Alosa sapidissima) is an important migratory fish under Alosine and has long been valued for its economic, nutritional and cultural attributes. Overfishing and barriers across the passage made it vulnerable to sustain. To protect this valuable species, aquaculture action plans have been taken though there are no published genetic resources prevailing yet. So, here we reported a de novo transcriptome assembly and annotation for A. sapidissima from blood and brain tissues for the first time.Data description: We generated 160,481 and 129,040 non-redundant transcripts from brain and blood tissues. The entire work strategy involved RNA extraction, library preparation, sequencing, de novo assembly, filtering, annotation and validation. Both coding and non-coding transcripts were annotated against Swissprot and Pfam datasets. Nearly, 83% coding transcripts were functionally assigned. Protein clustering with clupeiform and non-clupeiform taxa revealed ~82% coding transcripts retained the orthologue relationship which improved confidence over annotation procedure. Hopefully, it can serve as an useful resource in future for the research community to elucidate molecular mechanisms for several key traits like migration which is fascinating in clupeiform shads.
A novel natural trimyristic acid (TMA) from nutmeg/expanded vermiculite (EV) blended PCM for thermal energy storage in lime cubes
Authors: Ramdoss Ravi , Vandana Loka prakash
Published: February 2022

Trimyristin acid/expanded vermiculite (TMA/EV)-blended PCM (BPCM) was synthesized by ingesting fluid TMA (phase change material) within EVs (shielding matter). Its alchemical fabrication, microstructure, and thermic characteristics were identified and examined. In the TMA/EV CPCM, the usual significant volume content of TMA was 97% by adopting the diffusion–exudation ring style concerning the 1st time. (FTIR) A study showed that TMA and EV signified an essential natural blend in that a slight combination shift was not seen, and both shared no biochemical effect. (DSC) examination outcomes revealed that the liquified and solidified passive heats of the TMA/EV BPCM were 54.4 °C and 51.4 °C, respectively, and the softening and cooling passive heats were 185.5 and 188.7 Following various heat-cycling speedups, the material still had a tremendous thermic-energy storage impact. TMA/EV CPCM thermic conductivity was significantly enhanced by adding EV. Outcomes of thermic depot/liberated trials showed that the thermic area and discharge proportions of the TMA/EV PCM system held considerably advanced while matched, including the TMAs. Specific outcomes confirmed that TMA/EV BPCM was a suitable below-temperature thermic energy depository storage blended substance.
Employment status of AFROHUN-Uganda One Health alumni, and facilitators and barriers for application of the One Health approach: a tracer study
Authors: Ssekamatte Tonny , Mugambe Richard K. , Nalugya Aisha , Isunju John Bosco , Kalibala Patrick , Musewa Angella , Bikaako Winnie , Nattimba Milly , Tigaiza Arnold , Nakalembe Doreen , Osuret Jimmy , Wafula Solomon Tsebeni , Okech Samuel , Buregyeya Esther , Tsiouris Fatima , Michaels-Strasser Susan , Kabasa John David , Bazeyo William
Published: February 2022

BackgroundThe One Health (OH) approach integrates multiple competencies in the prevention and control of disease outbreaks. Through a range of OH competence-based activities, the Africa One Health University Network (AFROHUN) built the capacity of selected students at Makerere University and Mbarara University of Science and Technology. This study applied the Systems Theoretical Framework (STF) of career development to establish the employment status of AFROHUN-Uganda alumni, and the facilitators and barriers for application of the OH approach in their organisations.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study using mixed methods to collect and analyse data from a random sample of 182 OH alumni of the 2013-2018 cohorts. For quantitative data, descriptive statistics were computed using Stata 14.0 statistical software. A total of 12 in-depth interviews were conducted, and NVivo 12 Pro was used to organise data during thematic analysis.ResultsWhile the majority, 87.4% were or got employed after participating in the AFROHUN Uganda capacity building programme, 68.1% were employed at the time of the survey, 57.7% have worked with their current employer for at least a year, and 39% hold managerial positions. The facilitators of applying the OH approach into employing organisations included being knowledgeable about OH, the presence of a multidisciplinary workforce, the nature of activities implemented, and existing partnerships and collaborations between organisations. The barriers to the application of the OH approach included limited funding, a negative attitude towards working with people from other disciplines, and limited knowledge of the One Health approach.ConclusionNotably, more than two-thirds of the OH alumni are employed, and more than a third hold managerial position. While these findings portray a fairly good absorption rate of the OH alumni into the workforce, they also highlight the facilitators of application of the OH approach that need to be promoted as well as the barriers that need to be addressed if the application of the OH approach is to be improved within the workforce.
The Kyphosis-lordosis Difference Parameter and Its Utility in Understanding the Pathogenesis of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis
Authors: Gardner Adrian , Berryman Fiona , Pynsent Paul
Published: February 2022

Objective
The relationship of sagittal spinal shape in the pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is recognised. What is not clear is the relationship between the sagittal shape of those without scoliosis and the potential development of AIS, including the greater prevalence in females. The use of a new parameter, the kyphosis-lordosis (KL) difference, was developed to explore this further.
Results
The KL difference was calculated for 117 males and 79 females over seven years with 831 measures made. For females, the KL difference, between the ages of 9 and 12 ½ years, decreases from 5° to nearly 0° until starting to climb again from the age of 14 years, back to 5° by the age of 16 ½ years. For males, there is a gradual decline from 9° at age 9 years to 5° at age 17 years. Both age and sex were statistically significant in the development of the parameter. When comparing to previously published data around the true, de-rotated, sagittal shape of the scoliotic spine, the KL difference has utility in explaining the female predominance in the prevalence of AIS. This adds to the weight of evidence behind understanding why AIS develops.