bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Waste Tire Crushing and Shearing Machine Tools Working Methods of the Gap
Authors: Xu Su Ying
Published: October 2013

The fine particles of tire shear blade gap adjustment requirements quickly and gap value can be controlled . Thus raised the following two questions. One is how to adjust the gap , and the second is to determine the value gap . For the above two issues are now designed shears no solution. The reason is that the tool cutting edge after installation manual measurement gap not .Machinery and no set automatic detection devices. Inserts knife blocks knife is not conducive to the gap between the tool to adjust. Size of the gap of the tool cutting of the rubber particles under conditions not very clear , the blade clearance can be adjusted using the structural design . Change processing means for processing pole . Setback legitimate work method can reduce the impact on the processing tool clearance . Cutting edge in multi-processing methods . Blade gap introduced into the gap and squeeze setback cut gap . Powder particles in the gap after being introduced to squeeze into the machining gap cutting machining . Particles larger than the machining gap will be extrusion . Cutting tool clearance is no longer the main influence .
Laser Far-Field Spot Test System
Authors: Ma Yi Fei
Published: October 2013

Measurement of the energy distribution of laser spots is an effective way in characterizing and diagnosing laser beam quality. After comparing conventional direct-detection and indirect-detection methods, a novel direct-detection scheme, which is based on detector-array controlled by single-chip microprocessors, is proposed. On the basis of analyzing key technologies such as data transmission and optical-electrical conversion, a block diagram of the system is proposed. In this system, a distributed structure was adopted which was composed of a host PC, a main microprocessor and lower microprocessors. This system is capable of measuring the parameters of laser beam in outfield such as size and shape of the spot, the energy of pulse and its distribution etc. It is suitable for most of lasers with repetition rate ranging from single pulse to several hundred per second and different energy up to moderate-high level. The system is more accurate than any former systems.
Constant Cutting-Power Control of Shearer Based on Neural Network Model Predictive Control
Authors: Zhou Yuan Hua , Ma Hong Wei , Wu Hai Yan , Zhao You Jun
Published: October 2013

To solve the problem of constant power control of shearer cutting machine, the nonlinear predictive control method based on Neural Network was proposed in this thesis. In the method, the cutting current was used to identify the cutting load, and the Neural Network was used to predict and control the traction speed. A Neural Network model was built by the current and speed to control the cutting power of shearer. In MATLAB, the field data was used to simulate and the simulation verify the proposed scheme is better than PID method.
Research on Kinematics and Trajectory Planning for 6-DOF Industrial Robot
Authors: Zhao Qi Ping , Sun Li , Zhu Zi Gang , Chen Guang Chen
Published: October 2013

The industrial robot is a typical electromechanical integration equipment constituted by operating machine, controller, servo drive system and the detection of sensing device. It is one of the most common industrial robots in the industrial field, which makes it work in almost any track or angle. This paper mainly presents the research on kinematics and trajectory planning for 6-DOF industrial robot. This study has finished the linear interpolation and arc interpolation in the Cartesian space. According to the advantages and disadvantages, this paper proposes the method of quadratic interpolation that meets the demands of 6-DOF industrial robot motion in the joints space and Cartesian space which ensures that the motion of 6-DOF industrial robot is smooth and stable.
Research on Portable Field-Testing Device of Infrared Thermal Imager Performance
Authors: Gao Xiao Dan
Published: October 2013

Performance test of infrared thermal imager is very significant for its working life and field maintenance, but available test equipment is huge volume, strict requirements for environment and user, high cost in use. According to the deficiency of field testing of infrared thermal imager performance, the method was put forward that using high precise temperature feedback controlled thermoelectric cooling module to instead expensive blackbody furnace. The techniques were adopted in the method such as infrared light signals simulation, optical-electric signals auto-detecting, image processing and the fusion of multi-detecting signals. The performance testing device of infrared thermal imager with low cost, convenient to field testing and maintenance was designed, the design broke the traditional model that the test of infrared thermal imager must be under the given condition, and the testing of electric and optical parameters should be separated. Keywords:infrared thermal imager; performance test; simulating infrared target; temperature feedback control
Research on Peak-to-Average Power Ratio for OFDM System
Authors: Fang Hao , Wei Wan Hua
Published: October 2013

OFDM is a special multi-carrier modulation, its basic idea is to make high-speed transmission of data flow through the serial-parallel conversion and make it to be the low-speed transmission of data flow in a number of narrow-band orthogonal sub-channels. However, a major drawback of OFDM signals is their high Peak-to-Average Power Ratio (PAPR), which makes the inter modulation distortion occur due to the nonlinearity of the high power amplifier. The distortion severely deteriorates the performance of the OFDM systems. According the problems mentioned above, this dissertation focuses on the reducing the PAPR algorithms design for OFDM systems, such as SLM and PTS. In summary, this paper has completed the OFDM system simulation with Matlab and analyses the result.
The Simulation of Lane Based on Magnetic Markers Guidance in Laboratory
Authors: Wang Wei
Published: October 2013

It is a high expense that the experiment of the testing vehicle based on magnetic markers carrying on outdoors. The distribution and movement of magnetic markers were simulated by direct-current electromagnet, using single chip microcomputer and power amplifier to control direct-current electromagnet. It cuts down the expense of experiment. This dissertation is focus on mainly the design of lane simulator. In the lane simulator, every 0.5m arranged a direct-current electromagnet. When the speed is 80km/h,the electrifying time of the direct-current electromagnet is 0.025s. And the electric voltage of the direct-current electromagnet is 24v, and the magnetic field intensity of the direct-current electromagnet is 12000Gs.
Based on STK and Matlab Satellite Formation's Configuration Design and Simulation
Authors: Dang Chang Ping , Cai Yuan Wen , Le Tian , Zhao Yi Bin , Xin Chao Jun
Published: October 2013

According to the structural characteristics of satellite formation, and using the kinematic equations which expressed as fly-around form, designed a model for satellite formation configuration, analysed the relationship between fly-around parameters and the orbital elements, designed a method that meets the mission requirements of the satellite formation configuration, formulated a corresponding operation flow chart, listed several typical satellite formations of simple configuration and complex configuration. Finally, according to the general process of configuration design, obtaioned a configuration based on the requirments, and with the help of software STK and Matlab performed a formation configuration simulation that considering collision avoidance verification and adjustment. The simulation results show that the formation configuration design process and design method are basically right.
Research on the Method of Integration of AIS and Ship Navigation Training Simulation System
Authors: Xiao Jian Bo , Hu Da Bin , Hu Jin Hui
Published: October 2013

Based on the real requirements of ship navigation training simulation, a method of integration of AIS and ship navigation training simulation system was presented. The component and function of ship navigation training simulation system was introduced at first. And then the type and format of AIS information is analyzed. The AIS information simulation method is illuminated, the AIS information is send through serial port by the coach console, the AIS information is simulated by coach commander based on the receive message of AIS. The test result shows that the method presented in this paper can meet the requirements of integration of AIS and ship navigation training simulation system, and can also be able to satisfy the training demand of crews onboard.
The Study on Multi-Parameter Alarm Algorithm of Water Quality Monitoring
Authors: Zhong Ying Jie , Zhong Wei Sheng
Published: October 2013

Single parameter alarm system have the defects of high false positives, frequent alarm and weak abilities to comprehensively analysis the parameters because abnormalities usually occur in the water quality monitoring. As a result, this paper designs an alarm system to monitor the process that can intelligently analysis parameters combined with the duration of the alarm by using fuzzy reasoning method. Besides, the alarm output is divided into several levels, and corresponding services will be triggered by the alarm output in different levels. At the same time, the operators can get the detailed information of the alarm in the shortest time and take the valid control strategies. Finally, the system will achieve the optimal control with safety.
The Prediction of the Hot Strip's Width Based on Bayesian Neural Network
Authors: Song Xiang Rong , Hu Zheng Hang , He Xi Qin , Tu Liang Ping
Published: October 2013

The prediction and control of the hot strips width is one of the key factors to reducing metal loss in hot roughing. Bayesian approach can control the parameters of neural network by calculating some super-parameters. This paper proposes a prediction model of the hot-rolled steel strips width based on Bayesian Neural Network, through application on the data of a 1500mm steel rolling production line in China, the MAE (Mean Absolute Error) between the predicted width value and real width value less than 10mm, this result shows that the precision of prediction is superior to some traditional mathematical model such as BP-neural networks. In this paper, we conclude that Bayesian neural network can improve the forecast precision of the hot strips width.
Temperature of Transformer Controller Based on TMS320C6713
Authors: Zhang Zi Sheng , Liu Dao , Liu Bo Feng , Shi Xiao Dong , Liu Zhi Qiang
Published: October 2013

In order to improve the level of automation and realize remote control of the transformer temperature control system, a fast remote automatic control system that based on the chip TMS320C6713 was designed by us. Using four temperature sensors (Pt100) tow amplifier and analogy to digital (A/D) convertor detect deal with the signal of the temperature of winding and environmental. According with the temperature of transformer to control the cooling device switch on or off, the service life of the radiator was extended. In the design the digital signal processor (DSP) chip is communication with the central control room through the RS-485 bus, which makes the remote transformer temperature monitor into reality. In addition, this system is more versatility and reliability than the traditional device.
Order-Oriented Manufacturing Resource Services Sharing of Building Material and Equipment Enterprise in Cloud Manufacturing
Authors: Du Bai Gang , Guo Shun Sheng , Li Yi Bing , Guo Jun
Published: October 2013

The cloud manufacturing brings forward a new idea of manufacturing resource sharing with service-oriented. Recent advances in information technology, such as cloud computing, internet of things, make it easier for heterogeneous resources in different regions to remote collaboration in cloud manufacturing. To help improve the success of distributed manufacturing resource sharing for service provider and user in building material and equipment enterprise (BMEE), the order-oriented cloud service library (OCSL) and order-based model for shared manufacturing resources (OMSMR) are proposed after analysing the management features of manufacturing resources in BMEE. The OCSL gives a relationship description between task orders and related services. Moreover, a case study is undertaken to evaluate the proposed model. The model brings into manufacturing industry for manufacturing resource sharing with a number of benefits such as openness, integrity and traceability.
The Application of DSP for Controlling Stepper Motor
Authors: Li Ye , Cao Shu Kun
Published: October 2013

Abstract. DSP has been one of the most fashionable embedded technology after SCM and the core engine of the digital information age. With the constantly effort and innovation of the Texas instrument(TI) ,Freescale and other companies, performance and function of DSP has been more and more stable and powerful. Digital Signal Processing (DSP) which is a rapidly developing neotype branch has provided a perfect solution for controlling all kinds of motor. The TMS320F28335 from TI has been used as the core of the control. The connecting of the system of the motor and DSP,wave mode for operating,the program for controlling are elaborated .Moreover the different between DSP and other method for control and the caution notes has been analyzed.
Pilot Producing Technology Research and Equipment Design of Biogas Purification Compression and Filling
Authors: Qin Ke , Li Sheng , Xiao You Cheng , Lu Zhao Xia , Huang Fu Chuan
Published: October 2013

Design a pilot experiment to purify biogas, remove and separate the impurities such as sulfur, water in the biogas to separate carbon dioxide and methane with the method of high pressure liquefaction. Pressure filling the methane into the cylinders after the purification and separation, which will be used for civilian or vehicle. A deep analysis to the process of pilot producing technology of the biogas purification compression and filling can solve the various practical technical problems that appear in the pilot, improve the equipment, technology and specific operations in the test, in order to facilitate industrial popularization and application.
Analysis of Driving Force on Reputation Network of Innovational Industrial Cluster Knowledge Transmitting
Authors: Li Gang
Published: October 2013

An innovative industrial clusters knowledge conduction is a duplicate dynamic game process, the traditional static game model is no longer applicable to the analysis of the motives of innovative industrial clusters inter-organizational cooperation. In this dynamic repeated game process, cooperative enterprises in each stage of the game will also face two basic strategic choice: cooperative (knowledge transfer) or uncooperative (betrayal, that is no knowledge transfer). In the course of this game, when the risks outweigh the benefits, the power of knowledge source transfer knowledge may not be enough. As an important mechanism to ensure that the contract honest implementation, reputation networks can be overcome the negative attitude of the tissue conduction knowledge to some extent, to promote knowledge sources maintain cooperative relations under the constraints of the reputation network, for knowledge sharing and conduction. It can be said that the reputation network constraints on cluster participants cooperative attitude can be seen as a necessary condition for organizations conduction knowledge in the cluster.
Application of GM (1,1) Model to Production Demand Forecast for Make-to-Stock Enterprise
Authors: Zeng Meng Xiong , Ouyang Wen , Zhen Zhu Qing
Published: October 2013

This paper took the enterprises of make-to-stocking (MTS) as the research object. It introduced the features of MTS enterprises and different forecasting methods. It analyzed the importance of the forecast for Production Planning. With the gray forecasting methods, an appropriate model was established. The model was solved by using the Matlab software. Finally, the results proved the superiority of the gray prediction method by comparing the gray prediction with traditional forecasting methods accuracy. It could be applied in the actual production.
EigenVoice Used in Speaker Recognition with a few Training Samples
Authors: Li Hui , Dong Yu Hong
Published: October 2013

This paper adopts GMM-UBM (Gaussian Markov Model-Uniform Background Model) when model speaker recognition system considering of lacking data. In the aspect of adapting in speaker recognition system modeling and parameter estimating, attentions are put on researching in how to improve recognition rate. In the side of adapting in speaker recognition system modeling, we will ameliorate conventional MAP (Maximum A Posterior Probability) means to get speaker recognition model, apply MLLR (Maximum Likelihood Linear Regression) and EigenVoice adaptation ways which used in speech recognition into adapting in speaker recognition system modeling, and compare the results with MAP means.
Robust Hand Gesture Detection Based on Feature Classifier
Authors: Zhang Zhi Qin , Zhu Wei
Published: October 2013

In this article, a novel automatic hand gesture detection approach based on the boosted classifiers is proposed, which analyze the hand gesture features. At first, hand gesture images are processed with local binary pattern (LBP) operator which has the powerful capability of texture feature description. And then these features are presented with LBP descriptor of hand gesture image which is divided into several blocks, because of too much dimension of feature vector, using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to reduce dimension and compression. Finally, Kalman predictor is adopted to detect hand gesture, which is able to make the detection result more stable and accurate. Experiments have been carried out and the target regions have been detected and took it as the gesture truth to compare with the detection results. The proposed algorithm provides better detection result in comparison with various hand gesture detection algorithms. The proposed approach is robust to background, and it can detect the hand gesture quickly and effectively.
Research on Parallel Algorithm of Sea Surface Oil Spill Identification Based on GPU
Authors: Zhou Yan , Zhou Bin , Gai Ying Ying
Published: October 2013

To overcome the drawback that spectral matching is time consuming because of the large volume of remote sensing data, a new parallel algorithm of sea surface oil spill identification based on Graphic Process Unit (GPU) is presented in this paper by taking advantage of HJ-1 CCD remote sensing data. Taking minimum distance classification as an example, we reorganized the pre-processed image data, selected reference spectral data and stored in constant memory, and then the algorithm core code of the host was transplanted to the device so as to realize parallelization on NVIDIA GeForce GTX 550Ti device. Results showed that, the maximum speed-up ratio is up to 102. Finally, the advantage of GPU parallel computing for computationally intensive problems has also been validated through experiments. When the image size is 2048x2048, speed-up ratio is up to 89.
Application Analysis of Solar Thermal Conversion Thin Film Materials on the New Energy Vehicles
Authors: Ruan Xian Jing
Published: October 2013

The future of the world energy supply and consumption will be diversified, clean, efficient and global marketization direction. In existing thermal applications technologies, selective absorption coating technology is recognized as the more core technology, it plays a vital role in improve the conversion efficiency of solar thermal, large-scale promotion solar thermal applications. Study results suggest that: the proposed process and structural design, can be prepared in high-temperature non-vacuum environment, with a more balanced absorption performance and reliable high-temperature atmospheric environment service stability TiMoAlON selective absorption film on the new energy vehicles.
The Molecules Simulation of the Diffusion of Polar Fluid in the Nano Channel
Authors: Liu Xiao Na , Zhang Qing Yin
Published: October 2013

In this article, we use the molecular dynamic simulation to study the structure and transmission properties of polar fluid which is in the limited nature of nanochannel under the applied electric field. polar fluid is water. Simulation process is carried out under different electric field strength. The diffusion coefficient, density distribution, radial distribution function of water molecular in the same channel with different electric field strength and the same electric field strength of different pore are studied by the method of molecular dynamic simulation, obtained a conclusion that in a certain range of electric field intensity, the density of water distribution diffusion coefficient of the main conclusions of effects by the wall, but over a certain range, the electric field of influence will become obvious.
The Panoramic Vision Simulation System for Loading/Unloading in Container Yard
Authors: Liang Xiao Bo , Cheng Wen Ming , Qi Jin , Dong Jie
Published: October 2013

The panoramic vision simulation system, which is based on 3-D virtual simulation technology, as a new training mode, receives more and more attention. It is better to establish a scientific, reasonable and feasible evaluation standard and index system. According to the characteristics of 3-D virtual simulation technology and the process of loading/unloading in container yard, the process of loading/unloading in container yard is divided into three separate stages. The training and appraisal subsystem of the panoramic vision simulation system, which is different from the existing systems, is analyzed and designed. This panoramic vision simulation system, which is specially designed for crane drivers, is also introduced.
Research on Indirect Fault Diagnosis Method of Top Gearbox on Blast Furnace
Authors: Zhao Xiang Li , Gao Li Xin , Li Jian Feng
Published: October 2013

Aiming at the difficulties in diagnosis for low speed and heavy duty components of furnace top gearbox, an indirect diagnosis method for vibration signal is proposed in this subject, through which the vibration features of high speed rotating parts that near input end of gearbox is effectively utilized and analyzed for fault judgment of low speed components and a useful methodology is also given for fault diagnosis of both furnace top gearbox and low speed and heavy duty equipments. Since the identification for all faults and accurate fault location cannot be realized by using the existing diagnosis methods, a method of vibration analysis for fault diagnosis to furnace top gearbox is presented to realize accurate judgment and fault location. It can be found out that if near the basic frequency and double frequency of characteristic frequency of high speed components of upper gearbox, there were frequency spacing of fault characteristic frequency of low speed components of subordinate transmission chain apparently showing up, which also happened in low frequency range after demodulation, then the fault location can be determined to the low speed parts of subordinate transmission chain.
Performance Evaluation of a Low Heat Rejection Diesel Engine with Jatropha Oil
Authors: Janardhan N. , Krishna M.V.S. Murali , Ushasri P. , Murthy P.V.K.
Published: October 2013

Investigations were carried out to evaluate the performance of a low heat rejection (LHR) diesel engine consisting of air gap insulated piston with 3-mm air gap, with superni (an alloy of nickel) crown, air gap insulated liner with superni insert and ceramic coated cylinder head with different operating conditions of crude jatropha oil (CJO) with varied injection timing and injector opening pressure . Performance parameters [brake thermal efficiency, exhaust gas temperature, coolant load and volumetric efficienc and exhaust emissions [smoke and oxides of nitroge were determined at various values of brake mean effective pressure (BMEP). Combustion characteristics [ peak pressure, time of occurrence of peak pressure and maximum rate of pressure ris of the engine were at peak load operation of the engine. Conventional engine (CE) showed deteriorated performance, while LHR engine showed improved performance with vegetable operation at recommended injection timing and pressure. The performance of both versions of the engine improved with advanced injection timing and higher injector opening pressure when compared with CE with pure diesel operation. Relatively, peak brake thermal efficiency increased by 14%, smoke levels decreased by 27% and NOx levels increased by 49% with vegetable oil operation on LHR engine at its optimum injection timing, when compared with pure diesel operation on CE at manufacturers recommended injection timing.
Analysis of Energy Dissipation with Stress Wave during Impact Coal Cutting
Authors: Zhang Shou Bao , Wang Huan , Qian Rui Peng
Published: October 2013

Impact coal cutting is a new kind of coal cutting method, totally different from conventional coal cutting in mechanism. To increase the blocky coal in long-wall coal face with low energy consumption, impact coal cutting is a good way to go. In this paper, an analysis of energy dissipation in impact coal cutting using stress wave is carried out. Firstly, the production, transmission and dissipation of energy are analyzed during the process of coal impact cutting, and the energy distribution area is also obtained. Secondly, the transmission rule of stress and energy are studied by the method of stress wave; through measuring the amplitude attenuation quantity of the first and any other cycle in oscillograph, the attenuation radio can be worked out. Lastly, the propagation process of energy was analyzed based on the impacting rule and propagation rule of energy; the relation between impacting consumption of energy and minimal irreversibly lost energy is expounded. It is pointed out that if the coal block is destroyed, the impacting consumption of energy must be more than the minimal irreversibly lost energy.
Factors Affecting Water Breakthrough Time of a Vertical Well Subject to Double-Edge Water Drive Mechanism
Authors: Dongo Valentine E. , Adewole E. Steve
Published: October 2013

Water production in an oil well is undesirable both economically and environmentally. Therefore water arrival pattern into a well has to be understood clearly where a reservoir is surrounded by an aquifer. However, predicting the breakthrough time of water in a producing well has been a controversial issue and a major challenge to petroleum engineers. This paper investigates water arrival pattern into a vertical well completed in reservoir with double-edge water external lateral boundaries to be able to understand important factors affecting water breakthrough. Water breakthrough time is the time it takes for the first droplet of water cut to reach the wellbore under the prevailing production rate regime. This marks the end of the production of clean oil from the well. Once the breakthrough time is approached, depending on the strength of the external boundary (supplying aquifer) the pressure responses in the reservoir first attain a steady state condition. Further production then leads to steady rise in produced water-oil ratio. Real time dimensionless pressure distribution, using appropriate source functions for a vertical well in a reservoir with double-edge water as its lateral external boundaries was utilized for the study. Well responses were computed for a wide range of reservoir, wellbore and fluid properties. Results show that water breakthrough time is strongly affected by the lateral distance of the external edge water from the perforations according to the relation tDx2eD/π2(kh/ kv). Not too far edge water would yield earlier breakthrough than far away edge water for a well completed in an isotropic reservoir. In a largely horizontally anisotropic reservoir therefore, water breakthrough may be delayed if the water from the edges respond unequally to a production transient in the well. For a reservoir with reasonable horizontal isotropy, only central well location may delay water breakthrough. If this does not yield the desired delay, then the perforation should be located farther vertically above the points opposite to the pay zone.
The Profile of Payload Release from Gold Nanoparticles Modified with a BODIPY®/PEG Mixed Monolayer
Authors: Kumar Dhiraj , Mutreja Isha , Meenan Brian J. , Dixon Dorian
Published: October 2013

Gold nanoparticles with an average diameter of ~15.5 nm as measured via TEM were functionalised with various amounts of thiol-terminated 5000MW poly (ethylene glycol) (0-37.75 μg/ml), or with a mixed monolayer of thiol-terminated BODIPY and poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) in various ratios. BODIPY is a fluorescing molecule which was used here as a model payload, while PEG was added to the surface in order to increase nanoparticle stability and biocompatibility. It was observed that the gold nanoparticle surface saturates with PEG at a loading rate of ~15 wt%. Glutathione (GSH) is an antioxidant that occurs as high concentrations inside cells and this can be used to trigger therapeutic payload release therein. The release of BODIPY from nanoparticles functionalised with a mixed monolayer of PEG and BODIPY was investigated at typical intracellular glutathione concentrations. The release profiles were fitted using zero, first order, Higuchi and Reciprocal Powered Time (RPT) models. It was observed that BODIPY release from the surface of nanoparticles capped only with BODIPY and PEG was best described by the RPT and Higuchi models, suggesting diffusion and diffusion-dissolution controlled release. However, the release profile of the nanoparticles capped only with BODIPY did not fit the expected profile due to agglomeration effects. The ratio of BOBIPY to PEG on the surface had a dramatic effect on the release rate. The predicted time to release 50% of the payload compound from the gold nanoparticles displayed a ~500 fold increase for a mixed monolayer prepared with 0.5-18.75 μg/ml of BODIPY-PEG compared to nanoparticle samples prepared with 1.5-6.25 μg/ml of BODIPY-PEG.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Fracture Strength and Morphology of Defective Graphene
Authors: Wang Ming Chao , Yan Cheng , Galpaya Dilini , Lai Zheng Bo , Ma Lin , Hu Ning , Yuan Qiang , Bai Rui Xiang , Zhou Li Min
Published: October 2013

Different types of defects can be introduced into graphene during material synthesis, and significantly influence the properties of graphene. In this work, we investigated the effects of structural defects, edge functionalisation and reconstruction on the fracture strength and morphology of graphene by molecular dynamics simulations. The minimum energy path analysis was conducted to investigate the formation of Stone-Wales defects. We also employed out-of-plane perturbation and energy minimization principle to study the possible morphology of graphene nanoribbons with edge-termination. Our numerical results show that the fracture strength of graphene is dependent on defects and environmental temperature. However, pre-existing defects may be healed, resulting in strength recovery. Edge functionalization can induce compressive stress and ripples in the edge areas of graphene nanoribbons. On the other hand, edge reconstruction contributed to the tensile stress and curved shape in the graphene nanoribbons.
“Short” Dithiol and Au Nanoparticles Grafting on Plasma Treated Polyethyleneterephthalate
Authors: Švorčík Václav , Kolská Zdeňka , Siegel Jakub , Slepička Petr
Published: October 2013

Surface of polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) was modified by plasma discharge and subsequently grafted with dithiol (4,4-bifenyldithiol, BFD)) to create thiol (-SH) groups on polymer surface. This short dithiol is expected to be fixed via one of-SH groups to radicals created by the plasma treatment on the PET surface. Free-SH groups are allowed to interact with Au nanoparticles. Xray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Electrokinetic Analysis (EA, zeta potential) were used for the characterization of surface chemistry of the modified PET. Surface morphology and roughness of the samples were studied by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM).The results from XPS, FTIR, EA and AFM show that the Au nanoparticles are grafted on modified surface in the case of bifenyldithiol pretreatment. The rigid molecule of biphenyldithiol is bounded via only one-SH group to the modified PET surface and the second one remains free for the consecutive chemical reaction with Au nanoparticle. The gold nanoparticles are distributed relatively homogenously over the polymer surface.
Backside Illumination of an Electronic Photo Ionization Detector Realized by UV Transparent Thin Films
Authors: Zimmer C.M. , Asbeck C. , Lützenkirchen-Hecht D. , Glösekötter P. , Kallis K.T.
Published: October 2013

LaB6/ITO films were prepared by magnetron sputtering technique on borosilicate glass substrates. The transmittance of ITO and LaB6/ITO films was analyzed by using UV/VIS spectrophotometer, whereby the sheet resistance of the ITO films was measured by four point probes. The effect of temperature and post-annealing processes on ITO film properties optimizing UV transparency and sheet resistance were investigated in detail. ITO films with an optimized thickness of 31 nm exhibited a low sheet resistance of 64 Ω/sq and a high ultraviolet transmittance of 81% at a wavelength of 365 nm. The additional LaB6 layer controls the UV transmittance behavior of the bilayer structure of LaB6/ITO by improving the photon absorption with thicker LaB6 films. The work function of LaB6 (32 nm)/ITO films with a value of 4.98 eV was measured by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS).
Mechanical, Barrier, Physicochemical, and Heat Seal Properties of Starch Films Filled with Nanoparticles
Authors: Nafchi Abdorreza  Mohammadi , Alias Abd Karim
Published: October 2013

The effects of nanoparticles (nanoclay and nanosilicon dioxide) on heat sealability, physicochemical, barrier, and mechanical properties of starch films were investigated. Starch films were prepared by casting method with addition of nanoparticles and plasticizers. All film properties were measured under standard conditions. Mechanical properties of all types of films were increased by incorporation of nanoparticles. Mungbean starch films showed 100% increment in tensile strength by incorporation of nanoclay. Moisture content, water solubility, and WVP of all starch films decreased whereas decomposition temperature of the films was increased by incorporation of nanoparticles. All films were heat sealable, but nanoparticles-incorporated films exhibited better heat sealability than did control films. In summary, the type of starch governed the heat sealability but nanoparticles have potential to improve seal strength of starch films as well as other functional properties.
Prediction of Adiabatic Shear Critical Cutting Conditions of hardened AISI 1045 Steel with Different Hardness
Authors: Li Guo He , Cai Yu Jun , Qi Hou Jun
Published: October 2013

A method for building the constitutive relationship based on the J-C model and hardness is presented through considering the influence of hardness on the yield strength and the tensile strength. A constitutive relationship of hardened AISI 1045 is built by this method and the adiabatic shear critical cutting conditions of three kinds of hardness AISI 1045 steel are prediction through a model building by the linear pertubation analysis which considering the influence of compression stress of the primary shear zone, the cutting conditions and the constitutive relationship. For proving the prediction results, some orthogonal cutting experiments are performed to get the critical cutting conditions of adiabatic shear. The comparison shows that the prediction results are consistent with that of experiments.
The Simulation and Experimental Study of Residual Stress Based on Thermo-Mechanical Model of GCr15
Authors: Wang Xiao Ting , Chen Tao , Li Su Yan , Li Kai
Published: October 2013

The metal machining 3D finite element model was established on the basis of the thermal-elastic-plastic finite element theory. And the machined surface residual stress simulation in different cutting parameters was obtained through the finite element analysis. It is concluded that the residual stress distribution variation is spoon-shaped curve. When the feed increased, the slope of the curves is smaller, however the speed increased, the slope of the curves is higher and the stress tends to negative values quicker. Finally, the experiments are carried out. The result was basically consistent with the simulation.
A Study of High-Performance Drills in the Drilling of Aluminum Alloy and Titanium Alloy
Authors: Qiu Kun Xian , Qin Sheng , Ge Chun Xin , Chen Ming
Published: October 2013

Both aluminum alloy and titanium alloy have been widely used in aerospace, aviation, military and automotive industries. This research presents a study of modified drills for drilling aluminum alloy and titanium alloy. The modified drills can be expected to reduce the cutting forces and torque. A set of experiment was carried on to investigate the performance of the modified drills. A method to quantitative assess of the reduction of the thrust force and torque was given below, and the calculation shows that the modified drills can reduce the thrust force and the torque by as high as 21.16% and 90.48%, respectively, as compared to the conventional drills under the same conditions.
Design and Evaluation Function Block of Inserts for Heavy Cutting
Authors: Liu Ming , Ding Ming Na , Liu Xian Li , Zhang Bo , Wang Yi Wen
Published: October 2013

This article develops the design and evaluation function block of inserts on the basis of the optimization database system of cutting parameters for large cylinder section. The function block completes the development combining 3D graphics software called SolidWorks with programming language called VB. This article achieves the design and evaluation functions which are inserts shape selection, inserts parameter design, inserts geometric characteristics design and finite element simulation of inserts. Finally, this paper proves the reliability of the result which is achieved from the design and evaluation function block of inserts by comparing with traditional inserts.
Scratching Experimental Research on Critical Cut Depth of Glass BK7
Authors: Jia Peng
Published: October 2013

For the technology of diamond cutting of optical glass, the machinability of glass is poor, which hindering the practical application of this technology. In order to investigate and ameliorate the machinability of glass, and achieve optical parts with the satisfied surface quality and dimensional accuracy, this paper first conducted SF6 indentation experiment by Vickers microhardness instrument, and then the scratching tests with increasing depths of cut were conducted on glass SF6 to evaluate the influence of the cutting fluid properties on the machinability of glass. Based on this, turning tests were carried out, and the surface quality of SF6 was assessed based on the detections of the machined surfaces roughness. Experimental results indicated that compared with the process of dry cutting, the machinability of glass SF6 can be improved by using the cutting fluid
Size Effect Analysis during Material Deformation with High Strain Rate
Authors: Jiang Feng , Yan Lan , Hu Zhong Wei , Rong Yi Ming(Kevin)
Published: October 2013

The goal of this study is to analyze the material deformation behavior in the micron level by quasi-static and dynamic impact tests of hat shaped specimen. Three type of specimen with different shear ring thicknesses (800μm, 400μm, 50μm) were designed. The quasi-static and dynamic impact tests were performed by electronic universal testing machine and split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) respectively. During the material deformation in the SHPB test, the value scope of strain is 0 to 9 while the value scope of strain rate is 0.001s-1 to 400000s-1. The size effect phenomenon on shear stress and failure strain with different shear ring thickness was investigated. The shear stress and failure strain of material increases with the decrease of shear ring thickness. And the size effect phenomenon was weakened with the increase of strain rate.
Study of Impact of Tool Wear on Stable Region for Die Steel Cutting Process
Authors: Yue Cai Xu , Qu Da , Yang Yong Heng , Liu Fei , Feng Hui Zhe
Published: October 2013

The stability of the process systems has an obvious impact on the cutting quality, seeking cutting process stability region is an important aspect of the cutting mechanism. In this paper, establishing cutting process dynamic analysis model is based on the tool wear and creating the evaluation model about the influence of tool wear on the cutting system stability by power spectral RMS method. Root locus plot of non-uniform load distribution is obtained and the minimum stiffness ratio in the root locus plot is determined. So as to arrive the limit plot in different tool wear cutting system stability domain and determine the flank wear limit in the stable cutting quantitatively and offer the parameter of design and evaluation indicators to cutting system. The results found that with the increase in cutting speed and tool wear intensifies, the system stability is sharp in decline and tool wear is more intense. Obtaining limit diagram of cutting stability domain is suitable for providing a theoretical basis for processing in the different tool wear conditions.
Forces and Chip Morphology of Nickel-Based Superalloy Inconel 718 during High Speed Grinding with Single Grain
Authors: Zhao Jia Yan , Fu Yu Can , Xu Jiu Hua , Tian Lin , Yang Lu
Published: October 2013

Single-grain grinding test plays an important part in studying the high speed grinding mechanism of materials. In this paper, a new experimental system for high speed grinding test with single diamond grain is presented. The differences of surface topography and chip morphology of Inconel 718 machined by single diamond grain and single CBN grain were evaluated. The grinding forces and corresponding maximum undeformed chip thickness were measured under different grinding speeds. The chips, characterized by crack and segment band feature like the cutting segmented chips, were collected to study the high speed grinding mechanism of nickel-based superalloy. The results show that the grinding speed has an important effect on the forces and chip formation, partly due to the temperature variation. As the speed increases, the groove surface becomes smoother.
Wear Mechanisms of Ceramic Tools in High-Speed Turning of Superalloy GH2132
Authors: Wang Dong , Zhao Jun , Chen Xiao Xiao , Zhou Yong Hui
Published: October 2013

An experimental investigation of wear mechanisms in high-speed turning of superalloy GH2132 with Al2O3-based ceramic was conducted under dry cutting condition. The tool wear mechanisms were characterized by observation of tool wear morphology using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and detection of the element distribution of the worn tool surface utilizing energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The results of turning experiments indicated that the major wear mechanisms of the ceramic cutting tool were synergistic interaction between abrasive wear and adhesive wear, and meanwhile the micro-chipping was also observed. It is also shown that cutting distance of the Al2O3-TiC ceramic cutting tool at the speed of 420 m/min was higher than that of the speed of 360 m/min and 540 m/min.
Study on High-Speed Milling Database of Aerospace Typical Parts
Authors: Wang Yi Wen , Ding Ming Na , Sun Lei , Chen Zhen , Shen Yu Hui
Published: October 2013

According to subject needs, this article considers both processing time and production costs as the objective function. And it gets the mathematical model of the system regarding cutting force, machine power, machining accuracy and tool life as constraints. The system is developed by Visual C++ 6.0 and SQL Server 2000. The database gets reasonable cutting parameters by Hybrid Reasoning. What’s more, the system optimizes the cutting parameters by using Artificial Bee Colony algorithm further. And the optimization results have been verified its correctness.
Research on Anti-Burnt Method during Machining Complex Titanium Alloy Aircraft Structural Parts
Authors: Sui Shao Chun , Du Cheng Li , Tang Li Min
Published: October 2013

With the development of modern aircraft, complex titanium alloy aircraft structural parts are widely used. As a kind of difficult machining material, it’s easy to burn the tools and the parts during machining the titanium alloy structural parts because of the gathering heat. The article studies the technology to prevent burning the titanium structural parts during the machining process. The burnt problem can be effectively solved by using proper tools, proper machining parameters and fully cooling environment.
Study of Surface Residual Stress in Hard Turning of Die Steel Cr12MoV
Authors: Yue Cai Xu , Liu Xian Li , Ma Jing , Liu Xue , Ren Guang Xu
Published: October 2013

After hard cutting process, processed surface residual stress distribution state has a significantly effect on life of parts. In this paper, typical mold steel Cr12moV as the object of study, after the hard state processing in different cutting parameters and tool parameters, effects of different cutting parameters and tool parameters on surface residual stress and residual stress affected layer. Results showed that different cutting parameters and tool parameters can make different tensile stress distributing on surface, and the residual surface stress is can also be compressive stress. Through the experiment can be found with greater speed, cutting tool wear is bigger, the machined surface residual compressive stress and affected layer depth and when the tool flank wear is greater than 0.3mm, also the surface residual stress distribution curve downward obviously. The research results provide reference for optimization of processing conditions.
Effect of Nano-Additives on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Ti(C,N)-TiB2-WC Composite Ceramic Cutting Tool Materials
Authors: Liu Yue , Huang Chuan Zhen , Liu Han Lian , Zou Bin , Yao Peng , Xu Liang
Published: October 2013

Ti(C,N)-TiB2-WC composite ceramic cutting tool materials with nano-scale additives Ni and Mo, and micro-scale additives Ni and Mo as sintering aids were sintered respectively at a temperature of 1550 °C for holding time of 1hour in vacuum by a hot-press technique. The effects of nano-scale additives Ni and Mo, and micro-scale additives Ni and Mo on microstructure and mechanical properties of composites were compared and investigated. It is concluded that the wettability of nano-scale Ni and Mo to the composites is better than that of micro-scale Ni and Mo. The nano-scale whiskers were found in the composite ceramic tool materials with nano-scale additives. The addition of nano-scale Ni and Mo instead of micro-scale Ni and Mo could make the ﬂexural strength and fracture toughness of Ti(C, N)-TiB2 –WC composites have a promotion, but could not make the hardness of the composites increase in this study.