bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Criterial dependencies of the movement of the melt refractory material in the bath of an ore thermal furnace under electromagnetic influence
Authors: Abdrakhmanov Yerkesh , Yegzekova Anara , Ualieva Zhansulu
Published: April 2024

In this work, for the first time, criterion dependencies of the speed of movement of the melt in the bath of an ore-thermal furnace during electric arc melting of oxide refractory materials under external electromagnetic influence were obtained. The initial quantitative characteristics for generalization in the form of the dependence of the speed in the zone of intense movement of the melt on the currents in the electrodes and the electromagnetic device were taken on the electrolyte and mercury physical models of an ore-smelting furnace with an electromagnetic device. Physical modeling was carried out while maintaining the invariance of the derived similarity criteria: the electrovortex flow parameter πμ and the external magnetic field parameter πl. In order to extend the experimental results obtained to a whole group of similar phenomena, the dependences of the dimensionless speed of melt movement (Reynolds criterion) on the dimensionless parameters of the external magnetic field and electric vortex flow were obtained and constructed. Since for all similar processes the similarity criteria retain the same values, then the criterion dependencies for them will be the same, and the results obtained can be extended to all similar cases.
Cavitation fault diagnosis of centrifugal pump based on RIME-SDAE
Authors: Song Honghui , Sun Hui , Chen Ning
Published: April 2024

In order to fully extract the fault characteristics of different cavitation fault states of centrifugal pumps, reduce the influence of hyperparameter settings on the identification and classification results of machine learning algorithms, this paper designs a network model based on the rime optimization algorithm (RIME) to improve the stacked denoising autoencoder (SDAE) network, which is named as RIME-SDAE. First of all, Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is used to denoise the X, Y and Z signals of the triaxial vibration sensor, and time-domain, frequency-domain and time-frequency features are extracted to construct a signal feature set. Secondly, the three-dimensional feature indicators are analyzed and selected to be merged into the input dataset, and SDAE is trained with the RIME is used to determine the model parameters of SDAE synchronously. The feasibility of the proposed method is verified by the signals collected in the actual test, and the test results show that the accuracy on the test set reaches more than 98 %.
Development of a portable and compact robotic ankle rehabilitation system
Authors: Zhetenbayev Nursultan , Sergazin Gani , Jamwal Prashant , Uzbekbayev Arman , Sagidoldin Daulet
Published: April 2024

As part of this study, an ankle rehabilitation device was developed for patients suffering from motor disorders caused by incomplete spinal cord injury (ISCI), stroke, or cerebral palsy. First, the research models and dynamic equations of the device were considered. Secondly, the prototype ankle rehabilitation device is made of PLA plastic and uses linear actuators to simulate outward and inward flexion exercises (dorsiflexion and plantar flexion) for the patient. The advantages of the device are its simple design, low cost, and the possibility of installation on recovery equipment. The device can work quickly in experiments, in addition, the rehabilitation robot can work stably and is convenient to use for patients.
Analysis of patterns of electricity consumption in mining and processing enterprises
Authors: Shirinov Sohibjon G’ulom O’g’li , Olimov Jasurjon Sadriddin O’g’li , Jumayev Zavqiyor Ismatilloevich , Sayidov Muzaffar Karimtoshevich
Published: April 2024

Mining and processing enterprises are large consumers of electricity, with a large share of energy costs in the cost of production. Thus, the price of electricity in the cost of production takes higher values for Hydrometallurgical Plant 1. In this regard, the development of energy consumption models that can be used as a basis for managing the energy consumption process is an important component of learning. It is important to analyze the energy consumption to estimate the electricity consumption under different operating conditions of the mining industry. In order to study and plan electricity consumption and develop methods for regulating electricity consumption, it is necessary to determine the place of each technological stage in the energy consumption balance [1]. This article examines the laws of electricity consumption in mining and processing enterprises. The study of such laws helps to determine the level of energy consumption management for the mining and processing plant.
Phylogenetic identification of microbes from fermented botanicals used in gluten-free composite flour mixes
Authors: Oleghe Peace Omoikhudu , Akharaiyi Fred Coolborn , Ehis-Eriakha Chioma Bertha
Published: April 2024

Phylogenetic information on microbial communities involved in fermenting botanicals has important implications for the food industry since it can provide a valuable perspective on the diversity, composition, and techno-functional properties and characteristics of the final product. Microbial phylogenetic analysis illustrates the evolutionary history of microbes through visual representational graphs (phylogenetic trees) showing the beginning and advancement of their assemblage.

In this study, we used molecular methods to determine the phylogenetic identities of microbes occurring in spontaneously fermented sweet potato, maize, and pigeon pea samples after a 72-hourly evaluation every 12 h. The sequences obtained were edited using the bioinformatics algorithm against similar sequences downloaded from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database using BLASTN and aligned using ClustalX. The neighbor-joining technique was applied to extrapolate the chronicle of the isolates evolution.

Molecular identification from the BLASTN results showed the following bacterial isolates: Lysinibacillus macrolides, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Lactococcus lactis, Providencia stuartii, Enterobacter cloacae, Limosilactobacillus fermentum, Lactobacillus fermentum, Staphylococcus edaphicus, and Bacillus flexus, as well as the following fungal isolates: Trichosporon asahii, Mucor irregularis, Cladosporium tenuissimum, and Aspergillus niger. The sequences obtained from the isolates produced an exact match with the NCBI non-redundant nucleotide (nr/nt) database. L. lactis had the highest percentage occurrence for bacteria (38.46%), while T. asahii and A. niger showed the highest occurrence for fungi (37.50%).

Identifying and characterizing the microorganisms involved in the fermentation process would allow optimizing fermentation conditions to enhance the quality and nutritional value of the final products.
Integrated assessment of groundwater contamination: A multi-marker approach for comprehensive water quality monitoring
Authors: Zehra Asima , Kaur Simranpreet , Gill J. P. S. , Singh Randhir
Published: April 2024

This study investigated the presence of adenoviral markers (Library-Independent microbial source tracking tool) in the groundwater of Ludhiana, Punjab, India, a hitherto unexplored area. While deep aquifers post-chlorination were adenovirus free, shallow aquifers near farm wastewater pits exhibited human adenovirus and bovine adenovirus. Coliform-negative samples also harboured pathogens, highlighting the limitations of conventional indicators. Surface water displayed higher viral contamination, potentially impacting groundwater. The use of farm wastewater for irrigation and open pit disposal emerged as key contributors, advocating for sustainable wastewater management. Physiochemical and microbial analyses revealed variations across sites, emphasising regional and temporal variations. The weighted arithmetic water quality index ranged from good to very poor, with deep aquifers showing better quality than shallow ones. A novel approach incorporating graphical representations of adenovirus estimations alongside water quality index provided a more comprehensive understanding. Intriguingly, the study revealed the presence of coliforms irrespective of water quality grade, questioning its reliability as a sole indicator. Correlations between specific water quality grades and adenovirus types suggested targeted control measures. The lack of significant correlations between viral markers and conventional parameters in groundwater compared to surface water studies highlighted the unique dynamics of groundwater contamination.
Water–energy network provisioning services in Harare, Zimbabwe
Authors: Gandidzanwa Crecentia Pamidzai , Togo Muchaiteyi , Mawonde Albert
Published: April 2024

Water-energy systems are interlinked. Energy is used in the treatment and pumping of water. Water is used to generate electricity. Effective and efficient water-energy network provisioning satisfies households' basic human needs. Most local authorities in developing countries have seen water and energy scarcity amid climate change. The research aims to understand the interlinkages of water-energy services and to develop integrated and innovative green solutions in line with sustainable development goals. This study explores water and energy network provisioning to promote an integrated approach to planning and managing service delivery in Harare, Zimbabwe. The paper also establishes how water and energy provisioning challenges have affected household activities. The study embraced a sequential mixed-methods approach. In-depth interviews were used to solicit information from relevant departments and focus group discussions from communities. A total of 314 questionnaires were administered to five communities based on five settlement classifications. The study hinges on the ‘collective action theory'. Findings revealed poor governance issues, lack of finance and public participation in water-energy service delivery. Integration of sectors and community participation can improve the provision of water -energy services and contribute to reducing carbon emissions through greening households.
Modelling effluent reuse in the pulp and paper industry to predict consequences on	conductivity
Authors: Prasse Stephanie , Huber Patrick , Ottenio Pascal , Fourest Eric
Published: April 2024

The objective of this study was to assess, through simulation, conductivity variations in pulp and paper circuits when recycling waste water treatment plant (WWTP) effluent with a view to reducing fresh water use in a tissue mill. WWTP effluent was recycled in the process for different uses. A PS2000 digital model coupled with the PHREEQC chemical simulation engine was used to identify and quantify the main sources of conductivity: caustic soda, sodium bisulphite and acetate production through anaerobic microbial activity. Recycling WWTP effluent enables fresh water uptake to be reduced by 50% when used for pulp dilution or white water, by 81% when used in paper machine showers, and up to 96% for all uses combined. As fresh water use decreases, circuit closure increases along with, consequently, COD and conductivity. COD build-up can be controlled by best available techniques application. Recycling WWTP effluent has a strong impact on conductivity. However, the impact of high conductivity levels on additives performance is limited in the case of the mill studied. Acetate concentration could be controlled by better agitation of tanks or the introduction of air by pumps. Furthermore, limiting acetate production can reduce the need for caustic soda to control the pH.
Mechanism Research of PZD Inhibiting Lung Cancer Cell Proliferation, Invasion,
and Migration based on Network Pharmacology
Authors: Feng Fan , Hu Ping , Peng Lei , Chen Jun , Tao Xingkui
Published: April 2024

Background:

A classic Chinese medicine decoction, Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit.-Zingiber officinale
Roscoe (Ban-Xia and Sheng-Jiang in Chinese) decoction (PZD), has shown significant therapeutic
effects on lung cancer.

Objective:

This study aimed to explore and elucidate the mechanism of action of PZD on lung cancer using
network pharmacology methods.

Methods:

Active compounds were selected according to the ADME parameters recorded in the TCMSP database.
Potential pathways related to genes were identified through GO and KEGG analysis. The compoundtarget
network was constructed by using Cytoscape 3.7.1 software, and the core common targets were obtained
by protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Batch molecular docking of small molecule compounds
and target proteins was carried out by using the AutoDock Vina program. Different concentrations of
PZD water extracts (10, 20, 40, 80, and 160 μg/mL) were used on lung cancer cells. Moreover, MTT and
Transwell experiments were conducted to validate the prominent therapeutic effects of PZD on lung cancer
cell H1299.

Conclusion:

PZD could inhibit the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of NCI-H1299 cells partially
through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. These findings suggested that PZD might be a potential treatment
strategy for lung cancer patients.

Results:

A total of 381 components in PZD were screened, of which 16 were selected as bioactive compounds.
The compound-target network consisting of 16 compounds and 79 common core targets was constructed.
MTT experiment showed that the PZD extract could inhibit the cell proliferation of NCI-H1299
cells, and the IC50 was calculated as 97.34 ± 6.14 μg/mL. Transwell and wound-healing experiments showed
that the PZD could significantly decrease cell migration and invasion at concentrations of 80 and 160 μg/mL,
respectively. The in vitro experiments confirmed that PZD had significant therapeutic effects on lung cancer
cells, mainly through the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
Survival of Patients with Primary Brain Tumor: A Data Analysis of 10 Years
Authors: Verma Shristy , Malviya Rishabha , Uniyal Prerna
Published: April 2024

Background::

The prognosis for primary brain tumors, like other CNS tumors, can vary greatly
based on several factors, such as treatment history, age and gender at diagnosis, ethnic background, and treatment
plan.

Materials and Method::

A systematic review approach was used to gather relevant data from PubMed, ScienceDirect,
Google Scholar, and other sources.

Results::

The survival rate of primary brain tumors and other CNS tumors appears to be correlated with several
variables, including treatment history, gender, age at evaluation, race/ethnicity, and treatment regimen; this
emphasizes the importance of routinely updating epidemiological data on primary brain tumors to advance
biological understanding.

Conclusion::

This study draws attention to the variations in the median survival times of the various kinds of
primary brain tumors, with oligodendroglioma having the longest median survival time (199 months, or approximately
16.6 years) and glioblastoma having the shortest (8 months).
The Renoprotective and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Human Urine-Derived Stem Cells on Acute Kidney Injury Animals
Authors: Kuang Yuanyuan , Fan Chenyu , Long Xiaojun , Zheng Jiajia , Zeng Yunsi , Wei Yuhui , Zhang Jiasheng , Yu Shuangjin , Chen Tong , Ruan Hehuan , Wang Yi , Na Ning , Zhou Yiming , Qiu Jiang
Published: April 2024

Background:

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is defined as a sudden loss of kidney function,
which is often caused by drugs, toxins, and infections. The large spectrum of AKI implies diverse
pathophysiological mechanisms. In many cases, AKI can be lethal, and kidney replacement
therapy is frequently needed. However, current treatments are not satisfying. Developing novel
therapies for AKI is essential. Adult stem cells possess regenerative ability and play an important
role in medical research and disease treatment.

Methods:

In this study, we isolated and characterized a distinct human urine-derived stem cell,
which expressed both proximal tubular cell and mesenchymal stem cell genes as well as certain
unique genes.

Results:

It was found that these cells exhibited robust protective effects on tubular cells and anti-
inflammatory effects on macrophages in vitro. In an ischemia-reperfusion-induced acute kidney
injury NOD-SCID mouse model, transplantation of USCs significantly protected the kidney morphology
and functions in vivo.

Conclusion:

In summary, our results highlighted the effectiveness of USCs in protecting from
PTC injury and impeding macrophage polarization, as well as the secretion of pro-inflammatory
interleukins, suggesting the potential of USCs as a novel cell therapy in AKI.
SmartLipids: Ushering in a New Era of Lipid Nanoparticles for Drug
Delivery
Authors: Sharma Bhawna , Chauhan Iti , Kumar Gaurav , Tiwari Raj Kumar
Published: April 2024

In the realm of drug delivery, lipid nanoparticles have emerged as versatile carriers, offering
enhanced encapsulation, protection, and targeted delivery of therapeutic agents. Among these
innovative systems, SmartLipids stands out as a groundbreaking advancement, representing the latest
generation of lipid nanoparticles. Characterized by their unique "chaotic" and disordered particle
matrix structure, SmartLipids exhibit remarkable properties that set them apart from conventional
drug delivery systems. This comprehensive review delves into the intricate world of SmartLipids,
unraveling their distinctive features and exploring their immense potential in the field of drug delivery.
It meticulously outlines their production methods, shedding light on the solvent-free, highpressure
homogenization technique that ensures biocompatibility and safety. The review meticulously
examines the physicochemical characterization of SmartLipids, providing insights into their particle
size, morphology, and encapsulation efficiency. It further delves into their in vitro and in vivo
performance, highlighting their ability to enhance drug solubility, permeability, and bioavailability.
The study collectively underscores the versatility and customizable nature of SmartLipids, emphasizing
their suitability for a wide range of drug delivery applications. From encapsulating hydrophilic,
lipophilic, and amphiphilic compounds to tailoring specific release profiles, SmartLipids offer
a remarkable degree of flexibility in drug delivery strategies.
Implementation of Omics Approaches in Unravelling the Potency of Cordyceps militaris in Drug Discovery
Authors: Thoe Ewen Se , Chia Yoke Yin , Tang Yin Quan , Chamyuang Sunita
Published: April 2024

:

Natural products have long garnered the interest of scientific communities as they have
proven to be an effective therapeutic resource that paved the path for medicinal research and drug
development. Among them, Cordyceps militaris is an entomopathogenic caterpillar fungus with a
renowned history of being utilized as a medicinal remedy for centuries in Eastern civilizations. The
number of pharmacological functions reported by this specific fungus resulted in continuous efforts
to unravel new effective bioactive compounds and their corresponding mechanism of action. As time
progresses, computational techniques become the forefront of genomic and proteomic analysis, besides
acting as a platform for integrating various up-to-date multidisciplinary data sources. This review
briefly introduces Cordyceps militaris alongside the latest known biologically active compounds
and their respective therapeutic potential. The need to implement computational applications
to cope with the continuous phytochemical evolution of Cordyceps militaris will be illustrated.
Moreover, many databases, mathematical algorithms, or sourcing tools that could benefit data visualization,
dissemination, and interpretation aligned to fungal-based research are enumerated, in addition
to describing some of the broad discoveries relative to Cordyceps militaris in the past. In conclusion,
using advanced computational technology may be the foundation to leverage natural product
discovery about Cordyceps militaris and contribute to future mass production of this fungus for
commercial purposes in the world pharmaceutical industry.
The Secure Therapeutic Effects of Recently Developed Antipsychotic Drugs and Updated Neural Networks in Schizophrenia
Authors: Werner Felix-Martin , Coveñas Rafael
Published: April 2024

Introduction:

Schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder are treated in most
cases with antipsychotic drugs of the second generation. These drugs block dopaminergic
and serotonergic receptors, i.e., D2 and 5-HT2A receptors, and cause different adverse
effects, for example, movement disturbances of the extrapyramidal system and adverse
effects of vital parameters and of the heart. These drugs treat positive symptoms in
schizophrenia and, to a lesser extent, negative symptoms. This review presents the development
of newer antipsychotic drugs.

Methods/Material:

References were taken from PubMed after using the following keywords:
schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, antipsychotic drug, neurotransmitter and
neuropeptide. Among these newer antipsychotic drugs are cariprazine, brexipiprazole
and lumateperone, which exert a partial agonistic effect at D2 and 5-HT2A receptors, pimavanserin,
a 5-HT2A receptor antagonist which treats negative symptoms in schizophrenia
as an add-on therapy, olanzapine combined with samidorphan, which reduces
weight gain, and M4 or M1 receptor agonists, for example, xanomeline with an antipsychotic
effect combined with trospium, an anticholinergic drug. Neural networks were
updated in order to deduce the antipsychotic mechanism of action of newer antipsychotic
drugs, especially xanomeline.

Results:

The newer antipsychotic drugs cariprazine, brexipiprazole and lumateperone
show antipsychotic, antimanic and anti-depressive effects, however, the efficacy on psychotic
symptoms in long-term treatment has not yet been examined. Pimavanserin reduces
negative symptoms in schizophrenia as an additional pharmacotherapy to treat this
disorder. Olanzapine combined with samidorphan exerts good antipsychotic effects and
reduces weight gain. The new antipsychotic drug xanomeline, the antipsychotic effect of
which is quite different from the antidopaminergic effect, treats positive and negative
symptoms in schizophrenia. Its mechanism of action was deduced from the neural networks
presented. The long-term efficacy should still be examined.

Conclusion:

This review is focused on newer antipsychotic drugs. The long-term efficacy
of cariprazine, brexipiprazole and lumateperone in the treatment of schizophrenia
should be examined furthermore. Neural networks in the brain areas involved in schizophrenia
should be examined and updated furthermore. Newer antipsychotic drugs, for
example, xanomeline, an M4 or M1 receptor agonist, which has been combined with trospium,
an anticholinergic drug, the mechanism of action of which can be derived from
the neural network suggested in this review.
Role of NLRP3 in Protozoan Parasitic Infections
Authors: Yadav Sonal , Kaur Harpreet , Singh Dhanda Rakesh , Yadav Manisha
Published: April 2024

Nod-like receptors (NLRs) and the inflammasome complex have significant
roles in regulating the innate immune system against bacterial and viral pathogens and
have attracted significant attention to their role in protozoan infections. Several
parasitic protozoan pathogens are the most prevalent that cause severe morbidity and
pose a significant health burden. In the present article, we discussed the most common
protozoan parasites and the roles of NLRs and inflammasomes against these parasites.
G. duodenalis, E. histolytica, T. vaginalis, Plasmodium parasite, T. cruzi, Schistosomes
parasite, T. gondii, and Leishmania spp. activate the NLRP3 inflammasome. The
NLRP3 inflammasome protects the host in Giardia, T. cruzi, and E. histolytica infections. Also, its protective role in the case of Trichomonas infection has been suggested,
but more studies are needed. However, NLRP3 induces pathology during Schistosomes
and Malaria parasite infection. In T. gondii infection, NLRP3 causes inflammation and
limits the parasite load burden and propagation. This provides a new dimension in the
research on the role and exact mechanism of NLRP3 during T. gondii infection. The
NLRP3 inflammasome protects the host by clearing the parasitic load; NLRP3 provides
resistance toward some Leishmania spp. It alleviates the host's parasitic burden of L.
amazonensis and L. major. However, L. major or L. donovani induces chronic nonhealing infection-promoting lesion development. These contrary reports warrant more
research on Leishmaniasis. For developing new treatment strategies, studying the role
of NLRP3 in the host defense and inflammatory pathology is crucial in parasitic
protozoan infection.
Inflammasomes, Inflammation and Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Sharan Lokesh , Pal Anubrato , Saha Priya , Kumar Ashutosh
Published: April 2024

Inflammasomes such as NOD-like receptor protein 1 (NLRP1), NLRP3,
NLR family CARD domain-containing protein 4 (NLRC4) and absent in melanoma 2
(AIM2) are the primary mediators of inflammation and its associated neuropathic pain.
These inflammasomes are activated leading to various autoimmune & metabolic
disorders, cancer, and other inflammatory diseases. The activation of inflammasomes
occurs due to molecular alterations like mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation,
lysosomal damage, oxidative stress, sensitization, and disinhibition, which lead to
proinflammatory pathways causing inflammasome-related neuropathic pain. Among
these inflammasomes, NLRP3 has been widely studied and proven to be the key player
in the development of neuropathy. In this chapter, we have summarized the role of
inflammasome and how NLRP3 is involved in neuropathic pain. Therefore, based on
the facts available, it has been suggested that focusing on inflammasome activity may
be a cutting-edge and successful treatment approach for neuropathic pain. 
Reseña. Guillermina del Valle (Coord.). (2023). Contrabando y redes de negocios: Hispanoamérica en el comercio global, 1610-1814. Instituto de Investigaciones Dr. José María Luis Mora
Authors: Daza Vladimir
Published: April 2024

La historiografía económica de las últimas décadas ha venido avanzando en la comprensión del comercio indiano como un fenómeno global de la historia moderna. Basta recordar la obra coordinada por Antonio Ibarra y Guillermina del Valle Pavón, Redes sociales e instituciones comerciales en el imperio español, siglos xvii a xix, publicada en 2007 y luego el libro coordinado por el mismo Antonio Ibarra con Bernard Hausberg, Oro y plata en los inicios de la economía global: de las minas a la moneda historiadora, de 2014; sin mencionar las tesis de maestría y doctorado que habrán surgido de este ambicioso proyecto.
Effectiveness of situation based learning model on problem solving abilities and mathematical disposition
Authors: Sari Anisa Fatma Kurnia , Arliani Elly
Published: April 2024

This study aims to describe the effectiveness of the SBL learning model on the mathematical problem-solving ability and mathematical disposition of grade VIII Junior High School students. The lesson material focuses on the flat-sided shapes of prisms and pyramids. This is an experimental study that uses a one-group pretest-posttest design, and the study population consists of eighth grade students from junior high schools in Klaten, Central Java, which consists of eight classes. The sample was selected using cluster random sampling, and the treatment was administered to class VIII H using the SBL learning model. The study found that the SBL learning model was effective in improving the problem-solving abilities of junior high school students, with an N-gain score of 0.6231. However, it was not effective in improving their mathematical disposition, with an N-gain score of 0.3005. The application of the SBL learning model can be considered as a solution for developing students' mathematical problem-solving abilities.
Siapkah Siswa SMP Menghadapi Digital Learning pada Pembelajaran Matematika?
Authors: Setyaningrum Wahyu , Handayawati Ponco , Retnawati Heri , Hidayati Kana , Azizah Nur Lailatul , Ulfah Maria , Abdullah Abdul Halim
Published: April 2024

Di era digital ini, dunia pendidikan dituntut untuk mengikuti perkembangan zaman. Salah satunya adalah penerapan digital learning. Digital learning juga kerap diaplikasikan dalam pembelajaran matematika. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kesiapan siswa SMP di Kabupaten Purworejo dalam menghadapi digital learning pada pembelajaran matematika. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian survei dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada enam sekolah SMP dengan strata tinggi, sedang, dan rendah berdasarkan nilai Ujian Nasional matematika. Adapun sampel yang diambil sebanyak 171 siswa kelas VIII SMP. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah stratified proportional random sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui tes literasi digital yang terdiri dari 20 soal dengan bentuk pilihan ganda kompleks. Analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan estimasi parameter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kompetensi literasi digital siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika secara umum berada dalam kategori rendah. Rendahnya kemampuan literasi digital siswa menunjukkan bahwa kesiapan siswa menghadapi digital learning pada pembelajaran matematika juga rendah. Penelitian ini juga membahas bagaimana aspek-aspek literasi digital mempengaruhi kesiapan siswa dalam menghadapi digital learning pada pembelajaran matematika. In this digital era, the world of education is required to keep up with the times. One of them is the application of digital learning. Digital learning is also often applied in mathematics learning. This research aims to map digital literacy competencies in mathematics learning for junior high school students in Purworejo Regency. This type of research is survey with a quantitative approach. This research was conducted at six junior high schools in Purworejo Regency with high, medium, and low strata based on National Mathematics Examination scores. The sample of this study was 171 students of eighth grade junior high school. The sampling technique is stratified proportional random sampling. Data collection was carried out through a digital literacy test consisting of 20 questions in complex multiple-choice. Data analysis uses descriptive statistics and parameter estimation. The research results show that students' digital literacy competence in mathematics learning in general is in the low category. The low level of students' digital literacy skills shows that their readiness to face digital learning in mathematics is also low. This research also discusses how aspects of digital literacy influence students' readiness to face digital learning in mathematics.
Dylematy funkcjonowania systemu ochrony zdrowia w warunkach przesilenia cywilizacyjnego
Authors: Mączyńska Elżbieta
Published: April 2024

Przedstawiane w tym opracowaniu analizy ukierunkowane są na identyfikację nowych trendów i wyzwań w sektorze ochrony zdrowia, przede wszystkim wynikających z dokonującego się obecnie w skali globalnej przesilenia cywilizacyjnego, jako następstwa czwartej rewolucji przemysłowej, rewolucji cyfrowej z jej niewyobrażalnym potencjałem sztucznej inteligencji. W takich warunkach istotne są zwłaszcza rozwiązania ukierunkowane na optymalne wykorzystywanie nowych technologii, w tym przede wszystkim rozwiązania przeciwdziałające nieprawidłowościom, skutkującym marnotrawieniem materialnego i intelektualnego potencjału w tym sektorze. W warunkach bowiem niemal chronicznego niedostatku źródeł finansowania ochrony zdrowia, charakterystycznego zresztą nie tylko dla Polski, lecz także dla wielu innych krajów, fundamentalnego znaczenia nabiera racjonalizacja wykorzystywania dostępnych zasobów. W Polsce jest to szczególnie istotne ze względu na relatywnie niskie nakłady na ochronę zdrowia, zarówno w wymiarze bezwzględnym, jak i w relacji do PKB. Potwierdzają to prezentowane w artykule statystyki międzynarodowe. W tym kontekście w artykule wskazuje się na wybrane racjonalizujące kierunki zmian w krajowym systemie ochrony zdrowia. Słowa kluczowe: system ochrony zdrowia, czwarta rewolucja przemysłowa, przesilenie cywilizacyjne medykalizacja, FoMO, koszty samotności, AI, cyberchondria, denializm
Using Smartphones to Enhance Vision Screening in Rural Areas: Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Wang Zheng , Kempen John , Luo Gang
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

While it is treatable, uncorrected refractive error is the number one cause of visual impairment worldwide. This eye condition alone, or together with ocular misalignment, can also cause amblyopia, which is also treatable if detected early but still occurs in about 4% of the population. Mass vision screening is the first and most critical step to address these issues, but due to limited resources, vision screening in many rural areas remains a major challenge.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to pilot-test the feasibility of using smartphone apps to enhance vision screening in areas where access to eye care is limited.

METHODS

A vision screening program was piggybacked on a charity summer camp program in a rural county in Sichuan, China. A total of 73 fourth and fifth graders were tested for visual acuity using a standard eye chart and were then tested for refractive error and heterophoria using 2 smartphone apps (a refraction app and a strabismus app, respectively) by nonprofessional personnel.

RESULTS

A total of 5 of 73 (6.8%, 95% CI 2.3%-15.3%) students were found to have visual acuity worse than 20/20 (logarithm of minimal angle of resolution [logMAR] 0) in at least one eye. Among the 5 students, 3 primarily had refractive error according to the refraction app. The other 2 students had manifest strabismus (one with 72–prism diopter [PD] esotropia and one with 33-PD exotropia) according to the strabismus app. Students without manifest strabismus were also measured for phoria using the strabismus app in cover/uncover mode. The median phoria was 0.0-PD (IQR 2.9-PD esophoria to 2.2-PD exophoria).

CONCLUSIONS

The results from this vision screening study are consistent with findings from other population-based vision screening studies in which conventional tools were used by ophthalmic professionals. The smartphone apps are promising and have the potential to be used in mass vision screenings for identifying risk factors for amblyopia and for myopia control. The smartphone apps may have significant implications for the future of low-cost vision care, particularly in resource-constrained and geographically remote areas.
Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers in Patients With Mycosis Fungoides and Sézary Syndrome (BIO-MUSE): Protocol for a Translational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Belfrage Emma , Ek Sara , Johansson Åsa , Brauner Hanna , Sonesson Andreas , Drott Kristina
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a rare group of lymphomas that primarily affects the skin. Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common form of CTCL and Sézary syndrome (SS) is more infrequent. Early stages (IA-IIA) have a favorable prognosis, while advanced stages (IIB-IVB) have a worse prognosis. Around 25% of patients with early stages of the disease will progress to advanced stages. Malignant skin-infiltrating T-cells in CTCL are accompanied by infiltrates of nonmalignant T-cells and other immune cells that produce cytokines that modulate the inflammation. Skin infection, often with Staphylococcus aureus, is frequent in advanced stages and can lead to sepsis and death. S. aureus has also been reported to contribute to the progression of the disease. Previous reports indicate a shift from Th1 to Th2 cytokine production and dysfunction of the skin barrier in CTCL. Treatment response is highly variable and often unpredictable, and there is a need for new predictive and prognostic biomarkers.

OBJECTIVE

This prospective translational study aims to identify prognostic biomarkers in the blood and skin of patients with MF and SS.

METHODS

The Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers in Patients With MF and SS (BIO-MUSE) study aims to recruit 120 adult patients with MF or SS and a control group of 20 healthy volunteers. The treatments will be given according to clinical routine. The sampling of each patient will be performed every 3 months for 3 years. The blood samples will be analyzed for lactate dehydrogenase, immunoglobulin E, interleukins, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine, and lymphocyte subpopulations. The lymphoma microenvironment will be investigated through digital spatial profiling and single-cell RNA sequencing. Microbiological sampling and analysis of skin barrier function will be performed. The life quality parameters will be evaluated. The results will be evaluated by the stage of the disease.

RESULTS

Patient inclusion started in 2021 and is still ongoing in 2023, with 18 patients and 20 healthy controls enrolled. The publication of selected translational findings before the publication of the main results of the trial is accepted.

CONCLUSIONS

This study aims to investigate blood and skin with a focus on immune cells and the microbiological environment to identify potential new prognostic biomarkers in MF and SS.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04904146; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04904146

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/55723
Machine learning-based model stacking and multi-key biomarker association for rapid differentiation of patients with acute chest pain：a multicenter study with subgroup bias evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Sun Ao , Yang Wentao , Sun Donghao , Lan Yonghao , Chen Youzhou , Han Zejun , Liu Wei , Lin Qin
Published: April 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Despite significant advancements in cardiovascular disease research, the rapid diagnosis of acute high-risk chest pain diseases such as acute myocardial infarction (AMI), pulmonary embolism (PE), and aortic dissection (AD) remains a challenge in the emergency setting. We developed a multicenter risk prediction model (Stacking-Optuna) that rapidly and accurately distinguishes between AMI, PE, and AD. This model underscores the importance of biomarkers such as cardiac troponin, brain natriuretic peptide, and D-dimer while addressing the limitations of current diagnostic methods, especially in terms of considering patient age, gender, and the combined use of different indicators. This model integrates three large-scale databases for training and validation. The results demonstrate that Stacking-Optuna exhibits exceptional discriminative ability for all three acute chest pain diseases (AMI group: AUC=0.9380 [95%CI 0.9160-0.9480], PE group: AUC=0.9480 [95%CI 0.9220-0.9560], AD group: AUC=0.9540 [95%CI 0.9260-0.9640]). Additionally, the interpretability analysis and bias evaluation further reveal the model's consistency and generalizability in a clinical context (the median AUC of bias evaluations covering fifteen subgroups were above 0.83). This clinical knowledge-based fusion and data-driven approach supports rapid and accurate risk assessment of patients with emergency chest pain in the ICU, providing a more effective diagnostic tool for patients with cardiovascular emergencies.
Music Representation System Using Live Face Detection
Authors: Bhagwat Shubham
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Music plays a significant role in improving and elevating one’s mood as it is one of the important source of entertainment and inspiration to move forward. Recent studies have shown that humans respond as well as react to music in a very positive manner and that music has a high impact on human’s brain activity. Now a days, people often prefer to listen to music based on their moods and interests. This work focuses on a system that suggests songs to the users, based on their state of mind. In this system, computer vision components are used to determine the user’s emotion through facial expressions. Once the emotion is recognized, the system suggests a song for that emotion, saving a lot of time for a user over selecting and playing songs manually. Conventional method of playing music depending upon the mood of a person requires human interaction. Migrating to the computer vision technology will enable automation of such system. To achieve this goal, an algorithm is used to classify the human expressions and play a music track as according to the present emotion detected. It reduces the effort and time required in manually searching a song from the list based on the present state of mind of a person. The expressions of a person are detected by extracting the facial features using the HaarCascade algorithm and CNN Algorithm. An inbuilt camera is used to capture the facial expressions of a person which reduces the designing cost of the system as compared to other methods
Resume Application Tracking System with Google Gemini Pro
Authors: Prathima V.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Resume Application Tracking System with Google Gemini Pro provides an innovative solution to the problems in the recent hiring. The main aim of this system is to help the job seekers in order to grab an oppurtunity in the competitive job market and ensure that the process of resume screening goes smoothly. The technology used in this system is Google Gemini Pro, the most capable and large language model created by Google DeepMind. This technology is capable of interpreting code, video, audio, image, text and helps to increase the accuracy and speed of resume screening. The system also makes use of Streamlit for the user interface and PyPDF2 for direct text extraction from resumes. Users can provide the appropriate job description and upload their resumes, which will then be analyzed and the system will display the approximate matching percentage, missing keywords and a brief profile summary. The system will automatically evaluate and classify resumes in real-time applications, delivering recruiters an easy way to find eligible applicants. This approach is used in wide range of sectors and can be beneficial as the job market is down due to recession. Therefore, the goal of this system is to tranform the resume processing industry, saving recruiters time and money while also raising the standard of candidate selection.
Blockchain based Decentralized Storage System
Authors: Guru Prof. Shanti
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This research introduces a novel decentralized storage system implemented through the integration of blockchain technology. The system is manifested in the form of a website developed using React.js, tailwindcss, and MySQL as the backend database, complemented by the Inter Planetary File System (IPFS) for the secure storage of diverse document formats such as .pdf, .jpg, and .png. Users can securely manage their documents within their respective accounts on the platform. One of the primary features of the system is the ability for users to securely request access to specific documents from other users via the blockchain. This mechanism ensures a transparent and tamper-resistant transaction process, bolstering the security and integrity of document sharing. Additionally, users can seamlessly store their own documents within their personalized accounts, enhancing the platform's user-centric functionality. The utilization of React.js and tailwindcss ensures an interactive and visually appealing user interface, contributing to an enhanced user experience. The backend infrastructure, supported by MySQL, provides a robust and scalable foundation for efficient data management. This research contributes to the field by presenting a comprehensive solution that addresses the challenges associated with centralized storage systems. The decentralized architecture, coupled with blockchain-based access control, not only enhances security but also promotes transparency and accountability in document management.
Design and Fabrication of Head Tilt Controlled Wheelchair for Disabled
Authors: Ahmed Mr. Sowdager Moin
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The quantity of crippled people is expanding consistently. Versatility helps are valuable for patients for transportation and are situation for strolling particularly in indoor and outside climate. Moving the patients from wheelchair to cot or to the clinical bed is generally an issue for the chaperon or assistant. Understanding the different issues with respect to the versatility gear and presenting a superior plan will be a resource for the clinical field and assistance for impaired people. There is a requirement for a wheelchair cum cot to work with the debilitated patient's portability and to give an original clinical hardware to use in the Indian emergency clinics. Here we are fostering a framework which is equipped for moving different positions (Seat, Semi-Seat and Cot) physically. T
Police Image Restoration: A Case Study of the Stampede (Crowd Crisis) at Kanjuruhan Malang
Authors: Rizky Purnama Ayu , Velingsia Jesslyn
Published: April 2024

On October 1 2022, 131 people died in a "riot" at the Kanjuruhan Stadium, Malang, East Java. The riot occurred after Persebaya silenced Arema, the host football group. Arema supporters, who did not accept the defeat, then rushed into the stadium, so that the police (Polri) who were on guard at the location, dispersed the crowd by spraying tear gas, leaving the exit doors tightly closed, thus triggering massive panic. What happened in Kanjuruhan was an example of a stampede or crowd crisis which created chaotic conditions to the point that many were found dead. The aftermath of the tragedy was the erosion of public trust in the National Police institution. This research outlines the image restoration strategy of the National Police in overcoming the Kanjuruhan stampede, using Bennoit's Image Restoration theory. This qualitative research uses descriptive analysis to explain this phenomenon. The research results show that strategies to improve the image of the National Police, including denial, evading responsibility, reducing effectiveness, corrective action, mortification, have in fact proven to be ineffective. Because, this strategy failed to boost the institution's positive image. Thus, public trust in this institution has collapsed to this day.
Pattern of Partai Solidaritas Indonesia Candidacy In the Selection of DPRD DKI Jakarta Member Candidates In 2024’s General Election
Authors: Pradayana Ida Bagus Gede Randika , Ahmad Zaki Fadlur Rohman
Published: April 2024

This study discussed about the pattern of PSI candidacy in candidates selection for DPRD DKI Jakarta member in 2024’s General Election. This study was motivated because PSI can implementing high degree of participation in their candidacy process. That’s mean the candidacy process of PSI not only an area for elite but also all of the voters. That behavior, has been shown by PSI in the midst of political party situation which trapped in pragmatism. The method of this study is qualitative research with case study research type. Simultaneously, the theory which used in this study is Candidacy Theory who proposed by Gideon Rahat and Reuven. Y Hazan. The result of this study shown that the pattern of PSI candidacy is at a democratic level. It’s said democratic because PSI is able to act inclusively both in nominating candidates and candidates selection process. PSI doesn’t set the special requirements which difficult to fulfill, the PSI’s selectorate involves all of the voters, and the candidates selection is not only an area for a elite. Even though, the candidates nominations seems exclusive, but the most important of inclusive determination is voters involvement in candidacy process.