bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multicenter Perioperative Results with a New Endoscopic Powered Stapler in Bariatric Surgery: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Khan Athar , Layani Laurent , Kiran Nalini , Nasrullah Basel , Shchukina Lyudmila , Noel Patrick
Published: August 2024

Background/Objectives: Advancements in surgical stapling devices play a crucial role in improving outcomes for bariatric procedures. This study evaluates the performance and safety of a new endoscopic stapler (EnDrive®BelugaTM) regarding perioperative results across multiple bariatric surgery types.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 112 patients who underwent bariatric procedures using the Beluga stapler at two centres in the UAE and Kenya over 6-month period (June-December 2023). Procedures included laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB), mini gastric bypass (OAGB-MGB), and revisions. Perioperative outcomes, complications, and haemoglobin changes were assessed.
Results: The cohort included 29 males and 83 females, with a mean age of 32.8 years and preoperative BMI of 41.1 kg/m². Procedures performed were 88 primary LSG, three primary LRYGB, 12 primary OAGB-MGB, and nine revision surgeries. No conversions, deaths, bleeding, or leaks occurred. Minor complications were observed in 4 patients. One patient required reoperation for intestinal obstruction. The mean hospital stay was 1.5 days. Haemoglobin levels showed minimal change from preoperative (12.8 g/dL) to postoperative day 1 (12.3 g/dL).
Conclusions: The new Beluga endoscopic stapler demonstrated safe and effective performance across various bariatric procedures, with low complication rates and minimal blood loss. Its enhanced articulation capabilities may offer advantages in specific cases. Further studies are warranted to compare long-term outcomes with established stapling devices.
The Salvador Pass Dilemma: Security, Violence, and the Paradox of Governance in the Sahelʹs Borderlands
Authors: Hassan Hamdy A.
Published: August 2024

The border between Niger and Libya, often described as an "ungoverned space," epitomizes the complex interplay of economic, political, and security challenges within the Sahel region. Authorities and international actors have made various efforts to establish control, but tribal structures predominantly manage governance in these areas. These structures lack formal institutions and rely heavily on external security interventions to combat terrorism and irregular migration. The increasing militarization of the region raises significant concerns about the long-term efficacy of these approaches in achieving sustainable security. This study argues that enduring stability in such contexts requires a nuanced balance of economic, political, and social factors. The research methodology includes a comprehensive literature review of security issues, governance, state fragility, and counter-terrorism, utilizing scientific journals, books, reports, and newspapers. The study investigated the dual nature of ungoverned spaces, examining their role in facilitating terrorism and organized crime while highlighting the critical need for governance to enhance citizen welfare and support state functions. Recent developments in Libya and the Sahel under-score the urgency of addressing security and developmental challenges. The study concludes by advocating for sustainable political and development initiatives over militarization, emphasizing the necessity of a new social contract to address the security challenges in the Sahel region effectively.
Explaining Clusters in RDF Datasets: Computational Aspects
Authors: Donini Francesco M , Colucci Simona , Di Sciascio Eugenio
Published: August 2024

Clustering is a very common analysis of data present in large datasets, with the aims of
understanding and summarizing data, and discovering similarities, among others. However, despite
the present success of subsymbolic methods for data clustering, the description of the obtained
clusters cannot rely on the intricacies of the subsymbolic processing. For clusters of data expressed
in the Resource Description Framework (RDF) we extend and implement an optimized previously
proposed logic-based methodology which computed an RDF structure — called a Common Subsumer
— describing the commonalities among all resources. We tested our implementation with two open,
and very different RDF datasets: one devoted to Public Procurement, and the other devoted to
drugs in Pharmacology. For both datasets, we were able to provide reasonably concise and readable
descriptions of clusters up to 1800 resources. Our analysis shows the viability of our methodology
and computation, and paves the way for general cluster explanations to lay users.
The Algorithms
Authors: Ataie Niloufar , Nicklin Thomas
Published: August 2024

The cultural transmissions of a society like famous paintings, popular music, good poetry, and enduring religious rituals/doctrines/texts serve as mediums for the embodiment of algorithms that interact with the mind and body in looping, mostly unconscious interactions that are mutually beneficial to the participants of the society and the algorithms themselves. Useful algorithms are also found in the mind and bodies of other people, and individuals in a group can be used to outsource specialized tasks to benefit the society as a whole. Since useful algorithms must be embodied in a medium to work, there are physical limitations to the computations that can be performed in our universe.
Exploring the Role of Global Value Chain Position in Economic Models for Bankruptcy Forecasting
Authors: Croquet Mélanie , Cultrera Loredana , Laroutis Dimitri , Pozniak Laetitia , Vermeylen Guillaume
Published: August 2024

This study addresses a gap in the literature by conducting a comparative analysis of statistical and artificial intelligence techniques for predicting bankruptcy in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Using a comprehensive database of 7,104 Belgian SMEs, our findings demonstrate that intelligent techniques offer superior predictive accuracy for bankruptcy. Notably, our results indicate that a firm's position in the global value chain significantly affects prediction accuracy, with lower performance for firms operating upstream in the production process. This suggests that bankruptcy risk may spread upward along the value chain. This insight is particularly valuable for practitioners, as it highlights the importance of focusing on specific performance factors based on the type of firms they manage, advise, or collaborate with.
Quantifying Carbon Stocks in Urban Trees: Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden as an Important Tropical Carbon Sink
Authors: Kurtz Bruno Coutinho , Almeida Thaís Moreira Hidalgo de , Coelho Marcus Alberto Nadruz , Deccache Lara Serpa Jaegge , Tortorelli Ricardo Maximo , Gonzaga Diego Rafael , Madureira Louise Klein , Guedes-Oliveira Ramon , Barros Claudia Franca , Siqueira Marinez Ferreira de
Published: August 2024

The rapid urbanization process in recent decades has altered the carbon cycle and exacerbated the impact of climate change, prompting many cities to develop tree planting and green area preservation as mitigation and adaptation measures. While numerous studies have estimated the carbon stocks of urban trees in temperate and subtropical cities, data from tropical regions, including tropical botanic gardens, are scarce. This study aimed to quantify the aboveground biomass and carbon (AGB and AGC, respectively) stocks in trees at the Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden arboretum, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Our survey included 6793 stems with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 10 cm. The total AGB was 8,047.24 Mg, representing 4,023.62 Mg of AGC. The AGB density was 207.4 Mg.ha-1 (AGC = 103.7 Mg.ha-1), which is slightly lower than the density stored in Brazil's main forest complexes: the Atlantic and Amazon forests, but much higher than in many cities worldwide. Our results suggest that, in addition to their global importance for plant conservation, tropical botanic gardens could function as significant carbon sinks within the urban matrix.
Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) Improves Spatial Memory, Anxiety and Depressive-Like Behavior in the 5xFAD Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Gladen-Kolarsky Noah , Monestime Olivia , Bollen Melissa , Choi Jae-woo , Yang Liping , Alcazar-Magana Armando , Maier Claudia S , Soumyanath Amala , Gray Nora E
Published: August 2024

Withania somnifera (WS), also known as ashwagandha, is a popular botanical supplement used to treat various conditions including memory loss, anxiety and depression. Previous studies from our group showed an aqueous extract of WS root (WSAq) enhances cognition and alleviates markers for depression in Drosophila. Here, we sought to confirm these effects in the 5xFAD mouse model of β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation. Six- to seven-month-old male and female 5xFAD mice were treated with WSAq in their drinking water at 0 mg/mL, 0.5 mg/mL or 2.5 mg/mL for four weeks. In the fourth week of treatment, spatial memory, anxiety and depressive-like symptoms were evaluated. At the conclusion of behavioral testing, brain tissue was harvested, immunohistochemistry was performed, and the cortical expression of antioxidant response genes was evaluated. Both concentrations of WSAq improved spatial memory and reduced depressive and anxiety-related behavior. These improvements were accompanied by a reduction in Aβ plaque burden in the hippocampus and cortex and an attenuation of neuroinflammatory markers. Antioxidant response genes were upregulated in the cortex of WSAq treated mice. Oral WSAq treatment could be beneficial as a therapeutic option in AD for improving disease pathology and behavioral symptoms. Future studies focused on dose optimization of WSAq administration and further assessment of the mechanisms by which WSAq elicits its beneficial effects will help inform the clinical potential of this promising botanical therapy.
Computational Identification of Promising CRYGD Inhibitors for Cataract Treatment
Authors: Dahaghin Maedeh , Rahmani Ali
Published: August 2024

This study employs a comprehensive computational approach to identify and evaluate potential inhibitors of gamma D crystallin (CRYGD), a key protein implicated in cataract formation. A library of compounds, including natural products and FDA-approved drugs, was screened using molecular docking simulations and binding energy calculations. The top-scoring compounds were further assessed for drug-likeness properties and potential toxicity. Molecular dynamics simulations were conducted on the most promising candidates to investigate their interactions with CRYGD at the atomic level. The study identified CNP0185903, CID 3741, and CNP0151361 as the most promising compounds, with CNP0151361 demonstrating the most favorable combination of binding affinity, structural stabilization, and conformational modulation of CRYGD. These findings provide a foundation for the development of novel pharmacological interventions for cataract treatment, potentially offering alternatives or complements to current surgical approaches.
Unveiling the Role of Schwann Cell Plasticity in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Abd Razak Nurul Husna , Idris Jalilah , Hassan Nur Hidayah , Zaini Fazlin , Muhamad Noorzaid , Daud Muhammad Fauzi
Published: August 2024

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a prevalent complication of type 2 diabetes that affects a significant proportion of diabetic patients worldwide. Although the pathogenesis of DPN involves axonal atrophy and demyelination, the exact mechanisms remain elusive. Current research has predominantly focused on neuronal damage, overlooking the potential contributions of Schwann cells, which are the predominant glial cells in the peripheral nervous system. Schwann cells play a critical role in neurodevelopment, neurophysiology, and nerve regeneration. This review highlights the emerging understanding of the involvement of Schwann cells in DPN pathogenesis. This review explores the potential role of Schwann cell plasticity as an underlying cellular and molecular mechanism in the development of DPN. Understanding the interplay between Schwann cell plasticity and diabetes could reveal novel strategies for the treatment and management of DPN.
Cardiac Rehabilitation for Fontan Circulation Patients: A Systematic Review, and Meta-Analysis
Authors: de Ven Luna Van , Félix Ana Clara , Dias Jorge , Pinto Fatima F. , Laranjo Sérgio
Published: August 2024

Background: Despite procedural advancements in the management of univentricular heart patients palliated with a Fontan-type circulation, their exercise capacity and quality of life remain limited. Postoperative exercise training programs offer potential benefits, yet practical implementation and adherence to guidelines are often inadequate. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and optimal exercise modalities for Fontan patients. Method: A systematic search was conducted on August 24, 2023, using PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Studies were screened via Rayyan QCRI based on pre-set exclusion criteria, and their quality was assessed using the Cochrane RoB Tool 2 and the STROBE checklist. A meta-analysis employed a continuous random-effects model to assess the efficacy of cardiac rehabilitation interventions. Results: The study included twenty-six studies (7 RCTs, 19 cohorts) representing 22 individual cohorts. The key findings were that aerobic exercise, lower-extremity resistance training, and inspiratory muscle training significantly improved VO2, enhancing exercise capacity in Fontan patients. Conclusion: While the results are promising, it's crucial to remember that training programs varied widely. Exercise training shows promise for postoperative management, potentially improving exercise capacity, cardiac biomarkers, lung function, and lower limb strength. However, further research is not just a suggestion, but a necessity. It's necessary to refine protocols, assess long-term impacts, and investigate underlying mechanisms, especially for Fontan patients with severe clinical conditions. This emphasizes the importance and urgency of further research in this area.
Comorbidity Burden among Adults with Symptomatic COVID-19 Illness: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Jose Mini M. , Feng Juan , Manakkat Bushra , Nguyen Hoang , Tombrella Josie , Savard Patricia , Sallam Hanaa S. , Serag Hani
Published: August 2024

This study examines the association of sociodemographic risk factors and the comorbidities of COVID-19. Most COVID-19-related studies were conducted in inpatient settings among patients with severe infection during the first and second waves of the pandemic. The third wave with less severe Omicron variant presented a unique opportunity to observe the adult patients treated in outpatient settings. We conducted a cross-sectional study (117 patients aged > 40 years presented with symptomatic COVID-19). We employed the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to compute comorbidity burden, Medical Outcomes Survey Short form (SF-12) to measure general health, and Self-care Self- Efficacy Scale (SCSES) to assess self-care ability. Fisher’s exact test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to compute the relationship between comorbidities and demographics. This study report focuses on the distribution of the comorbidities and its relationship to demographic variables. The top five comorbidities were hypertension (42%), diabetes (31%), pulmonary disease/asthma (19%), depression (14%), and cancer (11%). Depression was significantly higher among younger age groups (p<0.01) and women (p<0.05). Age (p<0.0001) and income (p<0.01) were the most significantly associated demographics with the comorbidity burden. Incidence of pulmonary disease showed a positive association to educational status (p=0.05). This was the first study to report a significant prevalence of depression among adults with symptomatic COVID-19.
Artificial Intelligence Tools in Pediatric Urology: A Comprehensive Review of Recent Advances
Authors: Chowdhury Adiba Tabassum , Salam Abdus , Naznine Mansura , Abdalla Da’ad , Erdman Lauren , Chowdhury Muhammad E.H. , Abbas Tariq O.
Published: August 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming many healthcare fields including pediatric urology. This in-depth review explores recent advances in AI tools for pediatric urology, emphasizing how state-of-the-art technologies can be used to enhance patient treatment. An initial overview of pediatric urology is given to provide context for this interdisciplinary field and the wide spectrum of problems this entails, before discussing potential uses of AI to improve diagnostic accuracy, treatment planning, and surgical results. AI-powered predictive models are already changing pediatric clinical practice by guiding interpretation of medical images and supporting decision making. In addition to outlining the aims, methods, and conclusions of previous studies on AI applications in pediatric urology, this review also highlights knowledge gaps and priority areas for future study. Particular focus is given to specialized surgeries such pyeloplasty, where AI-guided treatment may help overcome specific technical challenges of this complex procedure. Also highlighted are practical, ethical, and legal aspects of integrating AI into pediatric urology, which will be crucial for responsible innovation in patient-centered treatment. Overall, this article aims to enlighten and inspire clinicians, researchers, and other healthcare stakeholders by offering insight into the future of AI in pediatric urology.
Leveraging the Voluntary Carbon Market to Improve Water Resilience in the Colorado and Mississippi River Basins
Authors: Ecklu John , Johnson Alex , Landon Tessa , Thomas Evan
Published: August 2024

The Colorado and Mississippi River Basins are crucial for water supply, agriculture, and ecological stability in the U.S., yet climate change, water management practices, and energy sector demands pose significant challenges to their sustainability. This paper highlights the potential of leveraging the Voluntary Carbon Market (VCM) to address these challenges by creating new revenue streams and incentivizing sustainable water management practices. The paper provides high-level estimates by extrapolating from existing literature. The results suggests that water projects in these basins could generate over 45 million carbon credits annually, potentially attracting around $4.5 billion in investments over the next decade. However, challenges such as high costs, complex regulations, and stakeholder coordination must be addressed. The paper also identifies opportunities for advancing water resiliency projects, including increasing public awareness, engaging corporations, and utilizing innovative financing mechanisms. Recommendations include promoting the VCM-water relationship, encouraging methodology innovation, developing pilot programs, investing in digital monitoring technologies, and conducting localized analysis to optimize carbon credit potential in water management. By integrating carbon markets with water management strategies, the paper suggests significant contributions to global climate goals and enhanced water resilience in these critical regions.
Hydrological Modelling and Its Implication in Sustainable Water Resource Management in Gumti River Basin in Bangladesh
Authors: Nujhat Maiesha , Rayhan Md. , Amin Md. Khairul
Published: August 2024

Sustainable water resource management in Bangladesh's Gumti River Basin faces challenges from climate change, urbanization, and population growth. This study aimed to calibrate and validate the HEC-HMS model for the Gumti River to enhance flood prediction and water resource planning. The model was set up using precipitation, temperature, and discharge data from 2019-2021, with SRTM elevation data for catchment delineation. Manual calibration was performed for 2019-2020, followed by validation for 2021, using parameters such as Muskingum routing and SCS Curve Number. Model performance was evaluated using R², Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), RSR, and PBIAS metrics. Results showed satisfactory to good performance, with R² values of 0.64 and 0.68 for calibration and validation, respectively. NSE values were within the satisfactory range, while PBIAS indicated very good performance with slight underestimation. The study concludes that the calibrated HEC-HMS model provides a reliable tool for simulating the Gumti River's hydrology, though there's room for improvement. Integration with flood frequency analysis, water quality monitoring, and climate change projections is recommended for comprehensive water resource management, alongside the implementation of Sustainable Water Resource Management principles and community engagement strategies.
New Spectrophotometric Visible (VIS) Analysis to determine Sodium Valproate from Tablets
Authors: GAVAT CRISTIAN-CATALIN
Published: August 2024

Sodium valproate is a established antiepileptic drug of first choice, primarily used to treat epilepsy, but also bipolar disorder and prevent migraine headaches. Valproate increases concentrations of gamma-aminobutyric acid in the brain, due to inhibition of enzymes responsible for the catabolism of gamma-aminobutyric acid. Main goal of this research consisted in the optimization and development for a new sensitive spectrophotometric quantitative analysis method of sodium valproate from tablets in the Visible field. Following the quantitative color reaction of sodium valproate with diazonium salt of alpha naphthylamine in alkaline medium, a light yellow azo dye was formed and spectrophotometrically analyzed at the wavelength of 386 nanometers. The amount of pure sodium valproate found on pharmaceutical extended-release tablet was 492.578 miligrams compared to the official declared pure amount of 500 miligrams on prolonged-release tablet. Amount found was assigned to a percentage content of 98.5156 percent pure sodium valproate in a pharmaceutical tablet. Mean average percentage error (deviation) from the officially stated value was about 1.4844 percent, which was included within normal limits, below five percent maximum limit allowed by European and Romanian Pharmacopoeias rules. Spectrophotometric method was subjected to the statistical validation procedure and was successfully validated.
Bacteria and Allergic Diseases
Authors: Guryanova Svetlana
Published: August 2024

Microorganisms have colonized all barrier tissues and are present on the skin and all mucous membranes since birth. Bacteria have many ways of influencing the host organism: activation of innate immunity receptors by PAMPs; synthesis of various chemical compounds, such as vitamins, short-chain fatty acids, bacteriocins, toxins. Bacteria, using extracellular vesicles, can introduce high-molecular compounds, such as proteins and nucleic acids, into the cell, regulating the metabolic pathways of the host cells. Epithelial cells and immune cells recognize bacterial bioregulators and, depending on the microenvironment and context, determine the direction and intensity of the immune response. A large number of factors influence the maintenance of symbiotic microflora, the diversity of which protects host against pathogen colonization. Reduced bacterial diversity is associated with pathogen dominance and allergic diseases of the skin, gastrointestinal tract, upper and lower respiratory tract, as seen in atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, food allergies, and asthma. Understanding the multifactorial influence of microflora on maintaining health and disease determines the effectiveness of therapy and disease prevention, changes our food preferences and lifestyle to maintain health and active longevity.
Physicochemical Characterization of Broiler Poultry Litter from Commercial Broiler Poultry Operation in Semiarid Tropics of India
Authors: Maruthamuthu Thirunavukkarasu , Karuppusamy Sivakumar , Veeramalai Ramesh , Nagarajan Murali , Manika Ragavan Purushothaman , Santiago Mahimairaja , Nallathambi Bharathy , Dharmalingam Anandha Prakash Singh , Radhakrishnan Karthika , Ramasamy Ajaykumar , Ramasamy Shri Rangasami Silambiah , Aranganoor Kannan Thriruvenkadan
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to characterize the physicochemical properties of broiler poultry litter (BPL) produced from intensively reared commercial broiler farming areas in tropical zone of Tamil Nadu, India. The BPL samples were collected from 110 commercial poultry farms at the end of the production cycle (6th week), further 20 samples were collected from the point of utility. The dry matter (DM), moisture, ash, organic matter (OM), and organic carbon (OC) from the manure samples were 83.04 ± 0.77, 16.96 ± 0.77, 27.08 ± 1.18, 72.92 ± 1.18 and 42.39 ± 0.69 per cent respectively. The pH, Electrical conductivity (EC) (ds m-1), and Kjeldahl Nitrogen (N) were 8.43 ± 0.06, 5.74 ± 0.13, and 24.2 ± 0.84 g kg-1 respectively. The BPL from the cement floor had higher levels of P and K (12.74 and 13.28 ) than the mud floor (10.88 and 10.96). According to the findings of this study, BPL as such at the end of the production cycle is rich in OM, nitrogen, macro and micro minerals at the same time at the point of utility there was a loss of OM, N, and concentration of minerals was noticed, which advocate proper storage and composting process.
Causal Economic Machine Learning (CEML)
Authors: Horton Andrew
Published: August 2024

This paper proposes causal economic machine learning (CEML) as a research agenda that utilizes causal machine learning (CML) built on causal economics (CE) decision theory. Causal economics is better suited for use in machine learning optimization than expected utility theory (EUT) and behavioral economics (BE) based on its central feature of causal coupling (CC), which models decisions as requiring upfront costs, some certain and some uncertain, in anticipation of future, uncertain causally-linked benefits. This multi-period, causal-linked process incorporating certainty and uncertainty replaces the single period lottery outcomes augmented with intertemporal discounting used in EUT and BE, providing a more realistic framework for AI machine learning modelling and real world application. It is mathematically demonstrated that EUT and BE are constrained versions of CE. Causal coupling can also be applied at the macroeconomic level to gauge the effectiveness of policies that deliver various levels of cost and benefit coupling for individuals. With the growing interest in natural experiments in statistics and CML across many fields, such as healthcare, economics and business, there is a large potential opportunity to run AI models on CE foundations and compare results to models based on traditional decision making models that focus only on rationality, bounded to various degrees.
One Health Response for Rift Valley Fever Outbreak in Sudan
Authors: Ahmed Ayman , Ali Yousif , Ibrahim Nahid A. , Mohamed Sana I. , Zinsstag Jakob , Siddig Emmanuel Edwar , Mohamed Nouh Saad , Muvunyi Claude Mambo
Published: August 2024

Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a mosquito-borne zoonotic viral disease that infects both human and animals. This is a descriptive study summarizes investigation and response to RVF outbreak, using surveillance data. A RVF outbreak occurred in Berber locality in northern Sudan. We identified 246 cases of RVF including seven deaths among humans, 119 deaths and 82 abortions among Livestock. Our entomological surveillance confirmed the presence of Anopheles arabiensis, An. stephensi, Aedes aegypti, Ae. vexans, Culex pipiens, Cx. Quinquefasciatus, and Cx. theileri in the area during the outbreak. In a comparison with another outbreak of Rift Valley fever in nearby area while ago, a multisectoral One Health response strategy has resulted in strengthening the health system through re-innovating health facilities and centres and training about 200 healthcare and emergency responders. Additionally, it reduced cases and fatalities among humans by 78% and 63%, respectively, and loss in livestock due to deaths and/or abortions by 82%. The added-value of implementing One Health strategy was saving more lives and resources, while strengthening the health system. We recommend the systematic institutionalization of One Health strategy in the country as a core part of the national prevention and control strategy for zoonotic diseases epidemics and pandemics.
Time Relationship between the Occurrence of a Thromboembolic Event and the Diagnosis of Hematological Malignancies
Authors: Kępski Jarosław , Szmit Sebastian , Lech-Marańda Ewa
Published: August 2024

Venous and arterial thromboembolism (VTE/ATE) often coexist with onco-hematologic diagnosis. The study aimed to assess the time relationship between the diagnosis of VTE/ATE and blood cancers. The second aim was to identify VTE/ATE risk factors related to the type of hematology disease and cardiac history. 1283 patients underwent cardio-oncology evaluation at the Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine in Warsaw from March 2021 through March 2023 (2 years), and 101 (7.8%) cases were identified with VTE/ATE. ATE compared to VTE significantly more often occurred before the diagnosis and treatment of hematologic malignancy: 33/47 (70.2%) vs. 15/54 (27.8%), p<0.0001. The risk of a VTE episode is exceptionally high in the first months after the diagnosis of an onco-hematological disease. The higher frequency of VTE was associated with acute myeloid leukemia (17 cases/270 patients/6.30%/p = 0.055), acute lymphocytic leukemia (7 cases/76 patients/9.21%/p = 0.025) and chronic myeloproliferative disease (7 cases/48 patients/14.58%/p=0.0003). Only the risk of VTE was significantly increased before (OR=6.79; 95%CI: 1.85-24.95; p=0.004) and after diagnosis of myeloproliferative disease (OR=3.12; 95%CI: 1.06-9.16; p=0.04). ATEs occur more often than VTE before a diagnosis of blood cancer. The risk of VTE is exceptionally high before and after diagnosis of chronic myeloproliferative disease.
FlameViT: Wildfire Detection through Vision Transformers for Enhanced Satellite Imagery Analysis
Authors: Makhija Aria
Published: August 2024

Recently, the destructive impact of wildfires has proliferated; for instance, the August Complex wildfire in 2020 burned around 4% of California's landmass. This has caused increased economic damage and risk to human life. Additionally, climate change is anticipated to increase the severity of wildfires, making it imperative for accurate and efficient detection of wildfires. Machine Learning approaches allow for the automatic detection of wildfires, simultaneously prioritizing accuracy and efficiency, with minimal human intervention, thus decreasing the likelihood of increased economic damage and increasing firefighting responses. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), while showing promise, are often limited by their inability to learn and capture deep spatial dependencies in satellite imagery tasks. In this paper, we propose FlameViT, a novel wildfire detection architecture based on Vision Transformers (ViT). Satellite images are more efficient to obtain and can cover wide areas prone to wildfires. We obtain a dataset of 40K+ satellite images from Canada's Open Government Portal, allowing FlameViT to be optimized to detect wildfires in satellite imagery. FlameViT uses Patch Extractor and Patch Embedding layers, followed by multiple Transformer Encoder layers with Multi-Head Self-Attention and feed-forward neural networks. FlameViT is hyperparameter-tuned and achieves a validation accuracy of 95%, outperforming various baselines in the wildfire detection task. FlameViT shows the power of Vision Transformers for wildfire detection tasks, and in conjunction with the use of satellite imagery, can provide an efficient and accurate way of detecting wildfires.
Phytochemical, Antioxidant, and Antidiabetic Activity of Centaurium erythraea Rafn. Decoction and Soxhlet Extraction
Authors: El Ouadni Hajar , Ouaamr Ahmed , Zair Touriya , Cherrah Yahya , Alaoui Katim
Published: August 2024

The medicinal herb Centaurium erythraea is well-known for its natural ability to treat digestive issues like dyspepsia and liver insufficiency by promoting the secretions of the liver and esophagus. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of Centaurium erythraea extracts in treating diabetes. Decoction and Soxhlet procedures were used to examine the extracts, with water serving as the solvent. The extracts were tested for antioxidant capacity, antimicrobial effects, and inhibitory effects on alpha-amylase activity. In comparison to the aqueous extract, the decocted extract had higher levels of polyphenols, total tannins, and anthocyanins, as well as more effective antioxidant capacities. Due to its reduction of alpha-amylase activity and enteric absorption of glucose, Centaurium erythraea has also shown considerable anti-hyperglycemic action.
Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease: Insights into Pathophysiology and Treatment
Authors: ALKHALIFA AMER , Alkhalifa Oula , Durdanovic Iva , R. Ibrahim Dalia
Published: August 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive impairment and memory loss. Oxidative stress (OS) has emerged as a central element in the pathophysiology of AD, linking various pathological features including amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque formation, tau hyperphosphorylation, and synaptic dysfunction. This review comprehensively examines the role of OS in AD, focusing on the mechanisms of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, mitochondrial dysfunction, and their impact on neuronal integrity. Additionally, the review highlights recent advances in antioxidant therapy. Elevated ROS levels in the aging brain exacerbate oxidative damage to lipids, proteins, and DNA, contributing to neuronal atrophy and synaptic loss. Mitochondrial dysfunction further amplifies OS, disrupting cellular energy metabolism and promoting neurodegeneration. Despite the strong association between OS and AD, antioxidant therapies have shown inconsistent clinical outcomes. Emerging strategies targeting offer promising avenues for therapeutic intervention. This review highlights the need for a multifaceted approach in understanding and mitigating OS-related damage in AD, aiming to pave the way for more effective treatments and improved patient outcomes.
THE INFLUENCE OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON SALESPERSON PERFORMANCE
Authors: Wulandari Wulandari , Darmawan Didit
Published: August 2024

Salesperson are the frontline connector between organizations and consumers. The attitude aimed at salespeople affects consumer perceptions and purchasing decisions that will be made. The emotions that salespeople experience have a big impact on their attitude. Businesses must be aware of how their salespeople interact with customers in order to build long-lasting partnerships and boost productivity. The purpose of the study is to ascertain how emotional intelligence affects salesperson performance in the Surabaya region. The research sample used 100 smartphone salesperson respondents who were still active in the Surabaya area and analyzed using multiple linear regression techniques which were previously tested for quality using validity, reliability, and classical assumption tests. The findings clarified that salesperson performance is positively and significantly impacted by emotional intelligence. The Adjusted R Square of 52.5% indicates the emotional intelligence variable's impact on salesperson performance.
THE INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL MEDIA INSTAGRAM, TIKTOK, AND WORD OF MOUTH ON THE DECISION TO PURCHASE "MIXUE" ICE CREAM IN SURAKARTA (CASE STUDY OF UNS STUDENTS)
Authors: Renata Triya
Published: August 2024

This research aims to determine the direct influence of social media Instagram, TikTok, and word of mouth on purchasing decisions for Mixue ice cream in Surakarta. The research strategy used was descriptive and causal. The population produced in this research were students from Universitas Sebelah Maret, Surakarta. The research sample consisted of 39 respondents, namely active UNS students who live in Solo Raya, have bought Mixue ice cream at least once, and have seen content on Instagram, TikTok, and heard about Mixue from other people. The sampling used is a non-probability method and uses a data collection technique, namely purposive sampling. Based on data analysis, this research concludes that social media TikTok and word of mouth have a significant influence on the decision to purchase Mixue ice cream, while social media Instagram does not have a significant influence.
Modification and Study Biological Activity of Chitosan with Compounds Containing Azo Group
Authors: S. Saeed Ruwaidah , A. Hassan Huda , F. Hassan Dheefaf , S. Al-rawi Muna
Published: August 2024

في البحث الحالي تم تحضير ودراسة النشاط الحيوي لسلسلة من البوليمرات الجديدة المحورة  من الكيتوسان مع مركبات تحتوي على مجموعة الآزو. في البداية تم تحضير ملح الديازونيوم من  تفاعل  3,3'-dimethyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine مع حامض الهيدروكلوريك المركز ونتريت الصوديوم .ثم تفاعل  الازدواج بين ملح  الديازونيوم مع الديهايدات اروماتية معوضة  لإنتاج مشتقات الازو (1-6). ازو شف بيس كيتوسان((12-7 والتي حضرت من تفاعل الكيتوسان مع مشتقات الازو  (1-6) في مذيب  الايثانول مع قطرات من حامض الخليك الثلجي . التحويرات  الهيكلية في موقع المجموعة الأمينية لحلقة الكيتوسان (المرتبطة بمجموعة  الازو النشطة بايولوجيا ) كان من المتوقع أن يعطي مشتقات جديدة(7-12) ذات مجموعة واسعة من الأنشطة البيولوجية.
تم استخدام تحليلات FT-IR , 1H-NMR الطيفية والمسح الضوئي بالمجهر الإلكتروني لمسح الانبعاثات الميدانية لتوضيح هيكل هذه المركبات علاوة على ذلك ، تم فحص بعض المركبات الجديدة المحضرة  والكيتوسان المحور للأنشطة المحتملة المضادة للبكتيريا ضد نوعين من البكتريا : البكتريا السالبة  E.coli  والبكتريا الموجبة Staphylococcus aureus   .أظهرت كل هذه البوليمرات المحورة المستهدفة نشاطًا عاليا مقارنة بالبنسلين (المستخدم كمضاد حيوي مرجعي). وخصوصا البوليمر المحور رقم (7)الذي اظهر الذي أظهر تثبيطاً عالياً ضد كلا النوعين من البكتيريا Staphylococcus aureus وE.coli تم دراسة  النشاط المضاد للسرطان للكيتوسان المحور (7) ضد خط خلايا سرطان الثدي البشري (MCF-7) باستخدام تقنية 3- (4،5-ثنائي ميثيل ثيازول-2-يل) -2،5-بروميد ثنائي فينيل تيترازوليوم (MTT) ومقارنته مع خط الخلايا الطبيعية ( خط الخلايا الكبدية البشرية WRL-68) حيث أظهر البوليمر (7) تثبيطًا عاليا للخلايا السرطانية وأقل سمية للخلايا الطبيعية
Integrated Management Model of Malaysian Private Tahfiz Centers for User Acceptance Satisfaction by Using Linear Regression
Authors: Abdul Hamid Mohammad Fahmi , Jofri Muhamad Hanif , Meerangani Khairul Azhar , Sharipp Muhammad Taufik Md , Ariffin Mohd Farhan Bin Md , Ayub Mohamad Shafiei , Raihan Ahmad Safwan
Published: August 2024

تعليم تحفيظ هو أحد أكثر أشكال التعليم شعبية ومقبولة في ماليزيا. لقد تطورت عبر الزمن وهي متوفرة الآن في مراكز تحفيظ وكذلك في مؤسسات تحفيظ الحديثة. تعتبر إجراءات الحوكمة والمساءلة الفعالة مرغوبة للغاية في هذه الكيانات الإسلامية لأنها تتعامل مع واجب الوفاء بالالتزامات الدينية المقدسة. يستلزم نظام التعليم الإسلامي في ماليزيا اليوم اعتماد تقنية مبتكرة للتدريس والتعلم في تعليم وإدارة تحفيظ. يؤدي الافتقار إلى الموارد والبنية التحتية والمرافق إلى تفاقم حالة إدارة التعلم الخاصة بتحفيز. هدف البحث هذا باستخدام نموذج الإدارة المتكاملة لمراكز تحفيظ الخاصة الماليزية (I3M-Tahfiz) لكفاءة الرضا عن التعليم على المستوى العملي. بسبب تطبيق نموذج (I3M-Tahfiz) في مؤسسة تحفيظ عشوائية في ماليزيا ، سيكون التركيز على أساس رضا المستخدم. يتم استخدام النهج الشخصي للحصول على متوسط ​​نقاط الرأي (MOS) للمستخدمين من دراسة مراجعة قبول المستخدم. بعد إنشاء كل من النتائج التجريبية (MOS  ) والموارد ، يتم استخدام نهج الانحدار الخطي لتحديد العلاقة بين قبول المستخدم والكيان الذي يسبب التأثير الرئيسي لكفاءة تحفيظ.
Lithospheric Folding Controls the Intracontinental Orogen of South China: Insight from Numerical Simulation
Authors: Su Jinbao
Published: August 2024

Orogenic processes worldwide have been attributed to various deformation mechanisms. However, the significance of lithospheric folding in these processes has often been overlooked and underestimated. Within the South China Block (SCB), a region marked by notable temporal and spatial variability in intracontinental deformation, the emergence of fold-and-thrust belts during the Paleozoic and Mesozoic periods has captured a scientific interest. The mechanisms governing the genesis of these belts remain a subject of debate, with no discernible subduction interface accounting for the extensive-scale fold-thrust deformation. Moreover, the SCB presents a substantial variation in lithospheric thickness, exceeding 100 km, offering a plausible mechanism for lithospheric folding. To interrogate this mechanism, we conducted lithospheric compression simulations via two-dimensional finite element methods, incorporating variable viscosity both laterally and vertically within the SCB. Our models elucidate that disparities in lithospheric strength beget distinctive deformational manifestation within the SCB. We observe that a weaker lithosphere tends to uplift, whereas a stronger lithosphere tends to subside during compression. Lithospheric strength also influences the Xuefengshan uplift and the spatial distribution of deformational features. In addition, lithospheric folding can account for crustal shortening and the presence of deep anomaly structures. A compelling correlation emerges between lithospheric folding and fluctuations in Moho depth and lithospheric thickness, suggesting its potential influence over the prolonged topographical evolution and shifts in depositional environments within the SCB. This study sheds new light on the role of lithospheric folding in the complex geodynamic history of the SCB and highlights its importance in understanding the broader context of orogenic processes worldwide.
Metodologia para Determinação da Resistência Mecânica do Material PLA depositado por Impressão 3D frente ao Ensaio de Flexão
Authors: Costa Sophia , Selhorst Emily , Munzlinger Isadora , Tonetto Marthin , Amalcaburio Arthur , Marcon Manuela
Published: August 2024

Na última década, a Manufatura Aditiva e as tecnologias que abrangem esse método de produção de peças vivenciaram um crescimento significativo a partir da popularização dos equipamentos de impressão 3D e dos softwares de modelagem virtual, em particular na área de engenharia de produto, com destaque para a utilização dos materiais PLA e ABS devido à excelente deposição de camadas apresentadas. O avanço tecnológico nessa modalidade de manufatura, em especial das peças constituídas de PLA, exige constante atualização sobre certos aspectos, como a relação entre tipo e taxa de deposição das camadas frente aos diferentes esforços a que as peças serão submetidas. Desta maneira, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar por comparação a resistência mecânica à flexão dos corpos de prova obtidos por impressão 3D do material PLA, com variação da deposição de camada quanto: ao tipo (Hexagonal e Waves); a taxa (15%, 40%). Os corpos de provas foram fabricados e testados conforme orientações técnicas da norma ASTM D790. Os dados coletados foram processados em planilha eletrônica. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que: (i) os corpos de prova com deposição tipo Hexagonal com 15% (H15) apresentaram a menor tensão máxima média, dentre todos casos avaliados; (ii) as amostras com deposição tipo Waves com 40% (W40) apresentaram a maior resistência mecânica à flexão; (iii) a resistência dos corpos de prova frente ao esforço de flexão pode ser influenciada tanto pelo tipo de deposição quanto pela taxa do material depositado por camada.
Multi-stage Progressive Reasoning for Dunhuang Murals Inpainting
Authors: Liu Wenjie , Liu Baokai , Du Shiqiang , Shi Yuqing , Li Jiacheng , Wang Jianhua
Published: August 2024

Dunhuang murals, treasured elements of our cultural heritage, have faced significant degradation due to prolonged environmental exposure, emphasizing an urgent need for sophisticated restoration methods. Current inpainting techniques, while valuable, often compromise the intricate balance between a mural's overall structure and its minute texture, leading to subpar restorations with blurred regions and inconsistencies. To address these shortcomings, our research introduces the Multi-Stage Progressive Reasoning Network (MPR-Net). Drawing inspiration from traditional manual restoration approaches, the MPR-Net integrates two specialized networks: the Structure Feature Reasoning Network (SFR) for primary structural restoration, and the Texture Feature Reasoning Network (TFR) for enhancing and refining the mural's detailed textures. Ensuring a seamless fusion of features across varying scales, our model also incorporates a Multi-Scale Feature Aggregation Module (MFA), optimizing the accuracy and richness of the inpainting process. Compared with other state-of-the-art methods, the effectiveness of the proposed method in image restoration is verified both quantitatively and qualitatively.
Nitrophenyl-Group-Containing Heterocycles. 2. Synthesis, Characterization, Anticancer Activity, Apoptotic Induction and Cell Cycle Arrest of Some New 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-isoquinolines Bearing 2-Nitrophenyl Group
Authors: Saddik Abdelreheem A. , Bakhite Etify A. , Hassanien Reda , Farhan Nasser , Sayed Eman M. , Sharaky Marwa
Published: August 2024

In this work 7-Acetyl-4-cyano-1, 6-dimethyl-6-hydroxy-8-(2-nitrophenyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrosoquinoline-3(2H)-thione compound 2 was synthesized and used as starting materials. Subsequently, Compounds 3–7 were produced through its reaction with ethyl iodide, ethyl chloroacetate, chloroacetonitrile, and chloroacetaldehyde. Additionally, compound 2 and 2-chloroacetamide were heated in ethanol with sodium acetate trihydrate present, resulting in the formation of 3-Substituted methylthio-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroisoquinoline-4-carbonitriles 9a–d, respectively. Similarly, compounds 2 and N-(1-naphthyl)-2-chloroacetamide reacted to produce high yields of the equivalent N-(1-naphthyl)-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydroiso-quinolin-3-ylthio)acetamides 9e. Compounds 9a–e were cyclized into their 10a and d. Using elemental analysis and spectral data (FT-IR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR). All newly synthesized compounds were described. The anticancer activity of the produced compounds was also assessed against eight cell lines at one spot concentration and one normal human skin fibroblast cell line HSF. Then determine the IC50 of our drugs against two specific cell lines using various doses. Compound 3 is the most effective chemical against HEGP2, according to our research. Compound 9c was also the most effective compound against HCT116. For generally, the tested substances showed moderate anticancer activity, according to the data. The effects of compound 3 on the proliferation of HEGP2 cell lines were then investigated using an apoptotic Annexin V-FITC assay and flow cytometry. Compound 3 increased the HEGP2 cell line's apoptosis by 50 times and caused cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase.