bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Investigation in How Six Sigma Project Teams Should Make Rational Decisions in Shared Leadership Environments
Authors: Galli Brian J. , Szabat Kathryn , Mohebbi Cyrus , Ugras Y. Joseph
Published: October 2016

It is proposed that shared leadership environments have an effect on six sigma team decision-making as well as the methods used to make decisions. It is also proposed that the consensus decision-making method is the technique that is the most effective and related to the fundamental conditions of a shared leadership environment. Furthermore, it is believed that a model of shared leadership decision-making can be developed from the results of these hypotheses. Research has found that a strong relationship exists between shared leadership and team decision-making principles and approaches. As a six sigma team becomes more involved in the shared leadership model, the methods utilized to make decisions change in such a way that the power is more distributed among members; the team moves from a single individual decision method, towards a shared decision method. Review of the relationship between shared leadership and team decision-making techniques has shown that the consensus approach is the most effective in satisfying the fundamental conditions and requirements of the shared leadership model. A model of decision-making in shared leadership environments is proposed for use by teams to determine the type of decision-making method that should be employed as a team's level of shared leadership increases.
Even Buddhist Monks Use a Gong
Authors: O' Reilly Gary , Coyle David , Tunney Conall
Published: October 2016

Mindful Gnats is a computer game and App that introduces mindfulness and relaxation skills to young people aged nine years and older. In this paper the authors describe their model for using technology to support children with the development of psychological skills. This model combines a computer game to introduce and practice psychological skills played in the presence of an adult, with an App that assists young people as they practise and transfer those skills into their everyday life at home, at school and in the community. The Mindful Gnats computer game comprises a six level 3-D game world and is available on iOS and Windows. The Mindful Gnats App is available for both iOS and Android operating systems. This paper describes the background research that informed the design of Mindful Gnats as well as the specific mindfulness and relaxation contents of the programme. The authors' on-going research to evaluate the effectiveness of Mindful Gnats with regular children and those with clinical difficulties is described, along with the key lessons the authors have learnt from their experience in the design of mental health promoting technology.
Games for Social Change
Authors: Keating Paul
Published: October 2016

Building on the use of the internet and social media as sites for activism, this paper highlights the emergence of political activism and collective protest in the online gaming environment. Referencing social movement theory and the rapidly evolving capacity of multiplayer online games to facilitate the development of strong group identities and real-time, real-world collaboration, the paper explores the potential of such games to create a space and a mechanism for enabling the emergence of movements for social change. Highlighting the growing number of social activist games designers, building values of equality and social justice into their gameplay, the paper draws an epistemological link between the work of these “conscientious designers” and the process of Conscientization within youth and community work inspired by the critical analysis of political activists such as Paulo Freire and Augusto Boal.
Automatic Test Data Generation using Metaheuristic Cuckoo Search Algorithm
Authors: Panda Madhumita , Sarangi Partha Pratim , Dash Sujata
Published: October 2016

The proposed work emphasizes on the automated process of test data generation for unit testing of structured programs, targeting complete path coverage of the software under test. In recent years, Cuckoo Search (CS) has been successfully applied in many engineering applications because of its high convergence rate to the global solution. The authors motivated with the performance of Cuckoo search, utilized it to generate test suits for the standard benchmark problems, covering entire search space of the input data in less iterations. The experimental results reveal that the proposed approach covers entire search space generating test data for all feasible paths of the problem in few number of generations. It is observed that proposed approach gives promising results and outperforms other reported algorithms and it can be an alternative approach in the field of test data generation.
Genome Sequence Analysis in Distributed Computing using Spark
Authors: Sagar Ap.  , Mehta Pooja , Anuradha J.  , Tripathy B.K.
Published: October 2016

Integration of Computer Science with Bio Science has led to new field Computational Biology which created an opportunity in speeding up the process of analyzing the Bio-data. DNA sequence analysis especially finding the base pairs that helps in identifying the order of nucleotides present in all living beings, it also helps in forensics for DNA profiling and parenting testing. This sequence analysis has been a challenging task in Computational Biology due to large volumes of data and need of more computational resources. Using a distributed file system with distributed computation of tasks can be one of the solutions to above problem. In this paper, the authors use Spark a query engine for large-scale data processing in analyzing the DNA sequence and extracting the base pairs and also they try to improve base pair extraction with improvised algorithms.
EEG-based Classification of Epileptic and Non-Epileptic Events using Multi-Array Decomposition
Authors: Pippa Evangelia , Kanas Vasileios G. , Zacharaki Evangelia I. , Tsirka Vasiliki , Koutroumanidis Michael , Megalooikonomou Vasileios
Published: October 2016

In this paper, the classification of epileptic and non-epileptic events from EEG is investigated based on temporal and spectral analysis and two different schemes for the formulation of the training set. Although matrix representation which treats features as concatenated vectors allows capturing dependencies across channels, it leads to significant increase of feature vector dimensionality and lacks a means of modeling dependencies between features. Thus, the authors compare the commonly used matrix representation with a tensor-based scheme. TUCKER decomposition is applied to learn the essence of original, high-dimensional domain of feature space. In contrast to other relevant studies, the authors extend the non-epileptic class to both psychogenic non-epileptic seizure and vasovagal syncope. The classification schemes were evaluated on EEG epochs from 11 subjects. The proposed tensor scheme achieved an accuracy of 97,7% which is better compared to the spatiotemporal model even after trying to improve the latter by dimensionality reduction through principal component analysis and feature selection.
Evaluation of Human Machine Interface (HMI) on a Digital and Analog Control Room in Nuclear Power Plants Using a Fuzzy Logic Approach
Authors: Lagari Pola Lydia , Nasiakou Antonia , Alamaniotis Miltiadis
Published: October 2016

Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) are nowadays facing a transition from analog to digital control rooms, mainly in the form of new interfaces for displaying sensor information as of Human Machine Interface (HMI) were one-sided, taking into consideration either the human or the machine perspective. The approach presented in the present article considers human machine interfaces met in nuclear power plants as a joint system, where the performance of the NPP operator is evaluated according to the cooperation level achieved with the machine. In particular, the purpose of this study is to provide a methodology to evaluate the degree of flexibility of an operator during the transition period from an analog to a digital system. The proposed methodology has been implemented by utilizing fuzzy logic inference and realized with the fuzzy toolbox embedded in Matlab software.
Overview of Search and Rescue from Robotics to Wireless Sensors and Robots Networks
Authors: Allali Sarah , Benchaïba Mahfoud
Published: October 2016

In the recent years, many researchers have shown interest in developing search and rescue system composed of one or multiple robots, which have the mission of finding victims and identifying the potential hazards. To enhance the robotic systems there is a growing trend of integrating wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to robots and multi-robot systems, which gives more awareness of the environments. In the first part of this article, the authors present a review of robotic system and their environments in search and rescue systems. Additionally, they explain challenges related to these systems and tasks that a robot or a multi-robot system should execute to fulfil the search and rescue activities. As a second part, the authors expose the system that integrates WSNs with robots and the advantages that brings this latter. In addition, they cite tasks and missions that are achieved in a better way with a cooperation of WSN and robots. Furthermore, the authors expose and discuss the remarkable research, challenges and the open research challenges that includes this cooperation.
Synthesis and Implementation of a Fixed Low Order Controller on an Electronic System
Authors: Ben Hariz Maher , Bouani Faouzi
Published: October 2016

The development of microelectronic field and software allows researchers to implement some control law in miniaturized devices such as Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) and microcontroller. These control laws may be used in industrial applications. The key of this work is the design and the implementation of a fixed low order controller on a STM32 microcontroller in order to control an electronic system. The main objective of this controller is to ensure some time response performances as the settling time and the overshoot. The controller parameters are obtained by resolving a non convex optimization problem while considering the desired closed loop specifications. So, the use of a classical optimization method to resolve such kind of problems may lead to a local solution and then the obtained solution is not optimal. Therefore, it is suggested to apply a global optimization method in order to get an optimal control law that can ensure the specified time response performances. The proposed method in this work is the Generalized Geometric Programming (GGP) method. This method consists on transforming, by some mathematical transformations, a non convex optimization problem to a convex one. The implementation of a Proportional Integral (PI) controller, a Proportional Integral Derivate (PID) and a fixed low order controller, on a real electronic system, shows the efficiency of the latter one.
Classification of EEG Signals for Motor Imagery based on Mutual Information and Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System
Authors: Shereen A. El-aal  , Ramadan Rabie A. , Ghali Neveen I.
Published: October 2016

Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals based Brain Computer Interface (BCI) is employed to help disabled people to interact better with the environment. EEG signals are recorded through BCI system to translate it to control commands. There are a large body of literature targeting EEG feature extraction and classification for Motor Imagery tasks. Motor imagery task have several features can be extracted to use in classification. However, using more features consume running time and using irrelevant and redundant features affect the performance of the used classifier. This paper is dedicated to extracting the best feature vector for motor imagery task. This work suggests two feature selection methods based on Mutual Information (MI) including Minimum Redundancy Maximal Relevance (MRMR) and maximal Relevance (MaxRel). Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) classifier with Subtractive clustering method is utilized for EEG signals classifications. The suggested methods are applied to BCI Competition III dataset IVa and IVb and BCI Competition II dataset III.
Analysis of a Dynamical Model for HIV Infection with One or Two Inputs
Authors: Moysis Lazaros , Kafetzis Ioannis , Politis Marios
Published: October 2016

A dynamical model that describes the interaction of the HIV virus and the immune system is presented. The effect of introducing antiretroviral therapy on the model, consisting of RTI and PI drugs is investigated, along with the result of undesired treatment interruption. Furthermore, the effect of both drugs can be combined into a single parameter that further simplifies the model into a single input system. Drug administration can be adjusted by feedback control, through monthly blood tests that measure the viral load. Furthermore, the system is linearized around the equilibrium, leading to a system of linear differential equations of first order that can be integrated into courses of control systems engineering, linear and nonlinear systems in higher education.
The Application of Instagram as a Promotional and Communication Tool by Productive Families in the Kingdom of Bahrain
Authors: Abdulrazzaq Amera H. , Hamad Sharifa , Ali Marwa , Mohammed Fatima , Kamal Walaa S.
Published: October 2016

This study aims to investigate Instagram potentialities in the family business sector in Bahrain known as “Productive families”. The intention to adopt and use the tool to promote their products and support information sharing, cooperation, and actual communication, the actual benefits and use derived as a stand-alone tool, and the socio-economic payoffs for their businesses. An analytical and quantitative approach is used throughout the study. A survey was distributed to 253 participants consisting of a standard questionnaire divided in to two main parts: the first part covered the demographic elements while the second part focused on two factors (Performance Expectancy and Effort Expectancy) of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model (UTAUT). The analysis reveals that: (1) Instagram can be an important means of creating valuable opportunities for productive families to achieve their missions and goals in promoting and advertising their products; (2) the two factors analyzed (Performance expectancy and Effort expectancy) directly influence the families' intention to use form which leads directly to the actual usage; (3) the families' age, gender and level of education have indirect effects on their intention to adopt and use the platform; (4) most of the families use Instagram to promote their businesses, specifically handcrafts and services and have doing so for over two year; (5) The main financially supporter is Tamkeen, which backs 53% of the surveyed families. To our knowledge, this is the first in-depth study of the use of Instagram by Productive Bahraini families.
Virtual Learning Communities in Google Plus, Implications, and Sustainability in MOOCs
Authors: Martinez-Nuñez Margarita , Borras-Gene Oriol , Fidalgo-Blanco Ángel
Published: October 2016

Two major educational strengths that MOOCs provide are informal learning and harnessing the collective intelligence of the students and the interactions among other users like former students, future students, business professionals, other universities, etc. These features may lead to the emergence of new sustainable in time educational elements wherein knowledge and learning continue enriching once the course finished. At present, one of the main limitations of the MOOC platforms is the lack of social open tools to enhance and take advantage of the collective intelligence generated in the course. This article proposes a new model to allocate informal learning and collective intelligence in MOOCs using external virtual learning communities through social networks, based on Google +. The main aim of this article is to assess the virtual learning community performance and analyze the interactions and the kinds of learning that take place inside the community and over time. A case of study of a MOOC course with Google + community is presented.
Short and Open Answer Question Assessment System based on Concept Maps
Authors: Ben Salem Safa , Cheniti-Belcadhi Lilia , Braham Rafik , Delestre Nicolas
Published: October 2016

Computer Assisted Assessment of Short and open answers has established a great deal of work during the last years due to the need of evaluating the deep understanding of the lessons' concepts by learners that, conferring to most teachers, cannot be done by simple MCQ testing. In this paper we have reviewed the techniques underpinned this system, the description of currently available systems for marking short and open text answer and finally proposed a system that would evaluate answers using Natural Language Processing and lastly compared the results obtain by human expert graders and proposed system. We have also compared the results of proposed system with some existing systems.
Análise da percepção do docente virtual no ensino de música pela educação a distância
Authors: Corrêa André Garcia , Mill Daniel
Published: October 2016

Este artigo apresenta uma investigação da percepção de docentes de música sobre a Educação Musical na modalidade a distância. Usando a percepção musical como analogia, o artigo aborda a percepção de docentes virtuais das particularidades de Educação Musical a distância, considerando suas interações com alunos, tutores virtuais e material didático. A pesquisa caracterizou-se como qualitativa. Os métodos empregados para a coleta dos dados foram questionários on-line e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os sujeitos investigados foram professores do curso de Licenciatura em Educação Musical da Universidade Federal de São Carlos e os dados foram analisados sob um referencial teórico que aborda Educação a Distância (EaD), Formação de Professores e Educação Musical. Os dados mostraram que os docentes se percebem como gestores das disciplinas, cabendo aos tutores virtuais a maior parte da interação comalunos. Os docentes investem muito mais energia no planejamento de suas disciplinas que em suas ofertas. Muitos percebem o aluno como uma figura central do processo de ensino-aprendizagem, mas acreditam que a interação entre todos os envolvidosno processo é fator crucial em EaD. Os docentes percebem que a diferença de perfil dos alunosde cursos a distância em relação ao perfil discente de cursos presenciais influencia suas estratégias pedagógicas.
A educação segundo a perspectiva de montaigne no âmbito do renascimento
Authors: Batista Gustavo Araújo
Published: October 2016

A filosofia de Michel Eyquem de Montaigne (1533-1592) oferece a possibilidade de uma pedagogia pautada no ceticismo intelectual e no estoicismo moral, pois, segundo ele, sendo impossível a aquisição do conhecimento definitivo ou inquestionável, restaria apenas a busca incessante por algo que seja, ao menos, um pouco mais confiável ou provável, da mesma forma que seria imperativo educar o indivíduo para uma conduta virtuosa e implacável no cumprimento do dever. O objetivo deste artigo, justificado pela necessidade de aproximar a filosofia e a educação, é esboçar os tópicos principais do pensamento de Montaigne, para apresentar um panorama geral da sua filosofia, assim como das suas ideias sobre educação, tratando-se do contexto histórico ao qual pertence (Renascimento), assim como da sua obra magna (Ensaios). Como resultado, demonstra-se que o cepticismo intelectual e o estoicismo moral de Montaigne permanecem como alertas contra possíveis enganos, equívocos, erros ou ilusões causados por concepções que não fazem questionar até que ponto o saber é confiável, do mesmo modo que fazem ignorar a importância da formação da conduta humana. Espera-se que estas considerações acerca das ideias filosóficas e educacionais de Montaigne possam suscitar reflexões sobre a fundamentação teórica da educação.
Primitivo Moacyr e a produção historiográfica: entre o modus operandi do IHGB e a chancela do INEP
Authors: Carvalho Rosana Areal de , Machado Raphael Ribeiro
Published: October 2016

Tendo como premissa a intencionalidade da produção historiográfica, articulada à condição científica aplicada à educação pelos signatários do Manifesto de 1932, buscamos apontar elementos para melhor compreender a publicação dos livros de Primitivo Moacyr no complexo cenário das décadas de 30 e 40 do século XX no Brasil. Sob os auspícios do modus operandi do Instituto Histórico e Geográfico Brasileiro - IHGB, Moacyr produziu uma história da educação divulgada em congressos históricos e publicada pela Companhia Editora Nacional. Em seguida, vinculou-se como pesquisador colaborador ao Instituto Nacional de Estudos Pedagógicos - INEP, publicando vários volumes pela Imprensa Oficial, alcançando a chancela pública. Para intervir, reformar ou revolucionar a educação brasileira, era preciso conhecer as ações já impetradas e recolher, sistematicamente, as experiências educacionais. Esta foi a meta perseguida com a criação do INEP, para a qual a contribuição de Moacyr foi lapidar. Concluímos que Moacyr inaugurou uma escrita da história da educação brasileira com as pesquisas arquivísticas.
‘Unleash your imagination’: os fandoms e a contribuição das fanfictions para o contexto educacional baseada no caso da narrativa de HIM
Authors: Porto Cristiane De Magalhães , Benia Renata Tavares , Lima Daniella De Jesus
Published: October 2016

Perante a convergência midiática, as formas de produção e de disseminação dos conteúdos se alteram; porquanto, as práticas de escrita e de leitura também o fazem. A essa noção sugere-se, igualmente, que os sujeitos cercados pelas mídias apresentam novas posturas, em função do diálogo com elas. Na atual conjuntura, com o destaque das narrativas transmidiáticas, nasce um novo contexto no que compete à produção de conteúdos em relação à fruição do sujeito. Este passa a ser um autor, autor da própria história, mas de uma história que é caracterizada por traços de uma já existente, como é o caso das fanfictions. Logo, este estudo tem como finalidade abordar as fanfictions, tangenciando a convergência midiática, as narrativas transmidiáticas, de modo a ilustrar a ênfase para o eixo da educação.
Editorial
Authors: Oliveira Terezinha , Galuch Maria Terezinha Bellanda
Published: October 2016

Acta Scientiarum Education, volume 38, n. 4, 2016
Sistema de controle gerencial e sua contribuição para o equilíbrio das tensões dinâmicas
Authors: Pletsch Caroline Sulzbach , Lavarda Carlos Eduardo Facin , Lavarda Rosalia Aldraci Barbosa
Published: October 2016

O objetivo do estudo é analisar como o Sistema de Controle Gerencial contribui para o equilíbrio das tensões dinâmicas em uma organização. Foi desenvolvida uma pesquisa qualitativa, por meio de um estudo de caso. As técnicas de coleta de dados foram entrevistas, documentos e observação direta. Para a análise dos dados foi adotada a técnica de análise narrativa e análise comparativa de dados, com o auxílio do software Nvivo®. Os resultados indicaram que para equilibrar as tensões dinâmicas existentes na gestão da organização, a mesma utiliza, com maior frequência, sistemas diagnóstico e interativo, visto que estes são utilizados nas atividades diárias, fazendo parte do seu cotidiano. Entende-se que sistemas de crenças e de fronteiras, na organização em estudo, atuam de forma indireta no equilíbrio das tensões dinâmicas, por meio de suporte a gestão. Verificou-se que a proposição inicial, de que o uso em conjunto de sistemas de crenças, fronteiras, diagnóstico e interativo contribuem para o equilíbrio das tensões dinâmicas, se altera a partir dos resultados encontrados na organização. A organização evidenciou uma série de controles utilizados com maior frequência na forma diagnóstica e interativa para o equilíbrio das tensões dinâmicas.
Gestão tributária nas atividades de reorganização societária em empresas de Minas Gerais
Authors: Jordão Ricardo Vinícius Dias , Oliveria Geraldo Renato
Published: October 2016

O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar a utilização de práticas de reorganização societária (RS) como uma estratégia de gestão tributária (GT) em empresas industriais de Minas Gerais. A investigação foi realizada por meio de um estudo comparativo de casos, qualitativo e descritivo em empresas industriais de Minas Gerais, onde foi investigado o uso de atividades planejamento tributário estratégico (PTE) e governança tributária como suporte à GT. Com base nas teorias de finanças, contabilidade e de tributos foi possível concluir que (i) as empresas investigadas passaram por processos de RS, adotando modelos societários diferentes daqueles definidos em seus planos organizacionais originais, fazendo isso de forma planejada e alinhada com a estratégia empresarial. Dentre as conclusões destaca-se que (ii) a GT consiste em um meio para reduzir os custos tributários de forma lícita e ajudar a maximizar os resultados das empresas, incrementando a competitividade e sustentabilidade das mesmas, sendo também (iii) uma importante base para o desenvolvimento da governança tributária pela adoção de mecanismos de elisão tributária. Além disso, conclui-se que (iv) a eficácia de tais processos depende de uma análise criteriosa de aspectos contábeis, jurídicos, econômicos, financeiros, organizacionais e gerenciais; e ainda que (v) o PTE por meio da RS possibilitou a redução, postergação e/ou eliminação dos custos tributários, (vi) promoveu um aumento da eficiência da GT e dos lucros, (vii) aumentando, com isso, a geração de valor organizacional.
Análise da eficácia da variância e de medidas Downside Risk para formação de carteiras
Authors: Nóbrega Mariane Bezerra , Machado Marcio André Veras
Published: October 2016

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a eficácia da variância e de medidas de downside risk para formação de carteiras de investimentos no mercado de ações brasileiro. Utilizando as metodologias de Ang (1975), Markowitz et al. (1993), Ballestero (2005), Estrada (2008) e Cumova e Nawrocki (2011), foi verificado qual o melhor método para resolução do problema de matriz assimétrica e endógena e, inspirando-se nos trabalhos de Markowitz (1952) e Lohre, Neumann e Winterfeldt (2010), foi constatada qual métrica de risco é mais indicada para a realização da alocação mais eficiente dos recursos disponíveis no mercado acionário do Brasil. A amostra utilizada foi composta pelas ações do IBrX 50, no período de 2000 a 2013. Os resultados indicaram que, ao empregar a semivariância como medida de risco assimétrico, caso o investidor possua meios para utilizar modelos mais requintados para resolução do problema da matriz de semivariância-cosemivariância assimétrica, será mais eficaz o modelo de Cumova e Nawrocki (2011). Além disso, a partir dos dados brasileiros, o VaR apresentou-se mais eficaz do que a variância e outras medidas de downside risk no que tange à minimização do risco de perda. Assim, dada a premissa de que o investidor possui preferências assimétricas em relação ao risco, a formação de carteiras de ações no mercado brasileiro é mais eficiente ao se utilizar critérios de minimização de downside risk do que a abordagem tradicional de média-variância.
PROPOSTA DE AÇÃO EDUCATIVA PARA A FORMAÇÃO DE MULTIPLICADORES EM SAÚDE
Authors: De Moraes Fernanda Cassioli , Carvalho Adolorata Aparecida Bianco , Rodrigues Tercília De Oliveira , Dos Santos Gislaine Raquel , Meirelles-Bartoli Raphaella Brabosa
Published: October 2016

Devido ao apoio e à colaboração que os professores, efetivamente, podem oferecer na disseminação de conhecimentos sobre a prevenção de doenças e promoção da saúde, idealizou-se o presente estudo. O objetivo foi elaborar e desenvolver um curso semipresencial abordando questões de suma importância para a manutenção da saúde pública, capacitando os professores a atuarem como multiplicadores dos conhecimentos adquiridos sobre as principais zoonoses urbanas e a guarda responsável de animais de estimação. A primeira fase deste projeto já foi concluída, como um trabalho piloto, disponibilizado a 17 professores da rede de ensino fundamental de duas escolas públicas do Município de Jaboticabal/SP, mostrando bons resultados, com o empenho e dedicação dos docentes em transmitir seus conhecimentos aos alunos. A capacitação didática resultou em diversas atividades realizadas dentro e fora das salas de aula, como portfólios, elaboração de murais, cartilhas, cartazes e folhetos, cruzadinhas, anúncios em jornal local, paródias musicais, peças de teatro, passeatas e palestras à comunidade. Evidencia-se a importância de projetos continuados, ampliados ao maior número possível de professores, visando à possibilidade de transferência e construção de conhecimentos aos escolares e, em consequência, a toda a comunidade.
Meningoencefalite Necrosante (MEN)
Authors: Alves Lys , Barbosa Jéssica , Correia Costa Paula Priscila
Published: October 2016

A Meningoencefalite Necrotizante idiopática (MEN) é uma encefalopatia causada por uma disfunção inflamatória não supurativa de caráter necrotizante do sistema nervoso central (SNC), com etiologia ainda desconhecida, que foi inicialmente descrita em cães da raça Pug como a Encefalite do cão Pug, entretanto, diversos estudos comprovam que a MEN ocorre em outras raças também, como Maltês, Yorkshire Terrier, Chihuahua e Shitzu.  Acredita-se que a etiologia da doença esteja relacionada a infecção viral e presença de anticorpos contra a proteína glial ácida (GFAP) do cérebro. A literatura tem apontado como sinais clínicos da doença: convulsões, letargia, anorexia, cegueira, andar em círculos, dor e rigidez cervical. O diagnóstico ante mortem é difícil, sendo geralmente necroscópico. Não existe tratamento específico para a doença e sim de suporte.
Anisotropic Fatigue & Fracture Behaviour in Hot-Rolled and Cold-Drawn Pearlitic Steel Wires
Authors: Toribio Jesús , González Beatriz , Matos Juan Carlos
Published: October 2016

This paper analyses the role of cold drawing in the fatigue and fracture behaviour of pearlitic steels with distinct drawing degree (a hot rolled bar and a commercial prestressing steel wire). Fatigue crack growth develops globally in mode I and locally in mixed mode in both steels, the micro-crack deflection angle depending on the drawing degree. With regard to fracture behaviour, it takes place in mode I in the hot-rolled bar and in mixed mode (with a strong component of mode II) in the case of the cold-drawn wire, so that strength anisotropy appears in the drawn steel and a sort of directional toughness can be defined.
Nonlinear Solution of Steel Arch Supports
Authors: Koubova Lenka , Janas Petr , Krejsa Martin
Published: October 2016

Steel arch supports are used widely in long workings in coal and ore mines. Their displacements are in difficult conditions often comparable with the size of the structure. Changes in the geometry of whole arch support including changes in the shape of a rod cross-section require geometric and physical nonlinear solutions. The paper is focused on methods for the geometric and physical nonlinear analyses of unyielding steel arch supports which are consisting of rolled open cross-sections. These methods are based on the knowledge of effective flexural rigidity which is defined as the function of acting internal forces. The direct stiffness method was used to solution first, but this method has some computational limitations. The modified force method was used for calculation as the second computational variant. This method can be successfully applied when the displacements are large. The results of the numerical analyses are compared with the values which have been experimentally obtained using strain-stress test of unyielding steel arch supports.
A User Defined Material Model for the Simulation of Impact Induced Damage in Composite
Authors: Riccio Aniello , Saputo S. , Sellitto Andrea
Published: October 2016

Low velocity impacts induce concurring failure phenomena in unidirectional fiber reinforced composites. Hence a refined methodology able to predict the different failure modes and their interaction is mandatory to correctly predict the damage onset and evolution. Indeed, intra-laminar damage and inter-laminar damage often take place concurrently, causing a significant strength reduction up to composite structure collapse. In this paper, a numerical study is proposed which, by means of non-linear explicit FEM analysis, aims to completely characterize the composite reinforced laminates damage under low velocity impacts by introducing a user defined material model in the FEM code ABAQUS. The proposed 3-D numerical investigation allowed to obtain an exhaustive insight on the different phases of the impact event considering the damage formation and evolution.
3D Continuum Damage Approach for Simulation of Crack Initiation and Growth in Ceramic Materials
Authors: Michel B. , Helfer Thomas , Ramière I. , Esnoul C.
Published: October 2016

This paper focuses on the numerical simulation of crack initiation and growth in ceramic materials. This work is devoted to nuclear fuel modelling under irradiation and more precisely to fuel pellet fragmentation assessment at macroscopic and microscopic scales. Simulation tools are developed in the framework of a cooperative program between the CEA, EDF and AREVA devoted to a unified fuel performance software environment called PLEIADES.
A smeared crack model is proposed to have a continuous description of crack nucleation and growth at macroscopic scale. This unified description is based on crack extension process from the microscopic scale up to the macroscopic scale. In order to deal with unstable crack extension a specific algorithm is proposed to solve the quasi static nonlinear mechanical problem. A 3D application is presented to illustrate performances and robustness of the smeared crack approach to simulate crack extension in nuclear fuel ceramics. In this application with an internal pressure loading a new methodology is proposed in order to avoid convergence problem due to the indetermination of the quasi static formulation of a softening material equilibrium under Neumann boundary condition.
Experimental Assessment of Residual Fatigue Life of High Pressure Pipeline Section Containing Longitudinal Cracks
Authors: Černý Ivo , Sís Jiří
Published: October 2016

Non-destructive inspection of an operated section of DN 300 high pressure gas pipeline (internal diameter 300 mm) indicated a quite frequent occurrence of longitudinal cracks of depths up to 50 % of the pipe wall thickness. As such cracks would be very dangerous from the viewpoint of further pipeline operation, selected sections of the pipeline were taken from the ground for an experimental programme aimed at evaluation of residual fatigue life. The first part of the programme concerned (i) experimental calibration of direct current potential drop (DCPD) method of crack depth estimation, complicated by the longitudinal position of the cracks, (ii) estimation of actual depths of selected, most distinct cracks and (iii) metallographical evaluation of profiles and depths of selected cracks. The DCPD calibration confirmed that for the specific configuration of electrodes used and characteristic crack profile, analytical calibration using Johnson´s formula corresponds to the actual crack depth quite exactly provided that the cracks are of radial direction. However, metallographical analyses showed that analysed actual cracks, though quite long, even more than 2 mm in some cases, were quite inclined, in some cases almost parallel to the pipe surface. These cracks occurred obviously in production during rolling process, which was a good sign for a relative safety of the affected pipeline. Further theoretical considerations were made to enable estimations of the inclined crack depths using the DCPD method, necessary for crack growth measurement during internal pressure fatigue tests, which followed.
Anti-Plane Interfacial Crack with Functionally Graded Coating
Authors: Tian Y.L. , Li M. , Wen Pi Hua
Published: October 2016

The anti-plane displacement discontinuity method is applied to establish the Fredholm integral equation of the first kind for the orthotropic Functionally Graded Material (FGM) coatings subjected to static shear load. The Young's modulus is assumed to vary exponentially through the thickness while the Poisson's ratio is constant. The fundamental solution of anti-plane displacement discontinuity are derived for orthotropic FGM coating with isotropic substrate. The stress intensity factors are obtained directly from the coefficients of the Chebyshev polynomials.
On the Correspondence between Two- and Three-Dimensional Elastic Solutions of Crack Problems
Authors: Kotousov Andrei G. , He Zhuang , Khanna Aditya
Published: October 2016

The classical two-dimensional solutions of the theory of elasticity provide a framework of Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics. However, these solutions, in fact, are approximations despite that the corresponding governing equations of the plane theories of elasticity are solved exactly. This paper aims to elucidate the main differences between the approximate (two-dimensional) and exact (three-dimensional) elastic solutions of crack problems. The latter demonstrates many interesting features, which cannot be analysed within the plane theories of elasticity. These features include the presence of scale effects of deterministic nature, the existence of new singular stress states and fracture modes. Furthermore, the deformation and stress fields near the tip of the crack is essentially three-dimensional and do not follow plane stress or plane strain simplifications. Moreover, in certain situations the two-dimensional solutions can provide misleading results; and several characteristic examples are outlined in this paper.
Influence of Residual Stresses and Particle Properties on Mechanical Response of the Material in Particulate Ceramic Composites
Authors: Štegnerová Kateřina , Náhlík Luboš , Hutař Pavel , Pokorný Pavel , Majer Zdeněk
Published: October 2016

The contribution deals with the issue of mechanical response of the particulate ceramic composites used in microelectronic. Mechanical properties and behaviour of composites are highly influenced by residual stresses which are developed in material during cooling in manufacturing process due to the different coefficients of thermal expansions of individual constituents. The main aim of this paper is to estimate the elastic constants and strength of the selected particulate ceramic composites with considering the residual stresses. Three dimensional models and finite element method are used for numerical simulations. Results contribute to determination and better understanding of mechanical behaviour of the particulate ceramic composites.
Influence of the Extent of Fracture on the Resistance against Chloride Penetration into Cementitious Composite
Authors: Veselý Václav , Konečný Petr , Lehner Petr , Žídek Libor
Published: October 2016

The paper presents data obtained in own experimental campaign focused on the investigation of the effect of fracture propagation on the change in values of electrical resistivity and ultrasound pulse passing time in notched beam specimens. Test geometry of three-point bending was utilized to propagate the crack through the specimen ligament in several loading−unloading cycles, between which the electrical resistivity and ultrasonic measurements over the fractured region in the centre of the beam were performed. Equivalent elastic crack length was estimated at those loading stages. Relationships among the changes in the investigated, non-destructively gained parameters, the effective crack length and the distance from crack tip are discussed with respect to two variants of treatment of the specimens’ surface during testing: the pre-dried and the wet one.
Properties of Fiber Reinforced High Performance Cement Based Overlays for Orthotropic Bridge Decks
Authors: de Corte Wouter , Jansseune Arne , Boel Veerle , Martinola Giovanni
Published: October 2016

An increasing number of steel orthotropic bridge deck require repair due to fatigue cracking. For the rib to deckplate joint, a possible solution is to reinforce the fatigue prone deck plate by replacing the asphalt wearing surface with a reinforced high strength concrete overlay. However, this process has been proven very difficult to execute and consequently has some issues regarding durability. This paper reports on high performance fiber reinforced cement based overlay solutions with gritted epoxy interlayer for a typical orthotropic deck with inadequate plate dimensions. Material characterization of three mix designs includes determination of compressive and tensile strength, and post crack behavior by CMOD registration from 3PBT. Furthermore, the steel-concrete composite action in the positive and negative bending moment zone is investigated experimentally. The test results give insight into the concrete behavior, the steel-epoxy-concrete interaction, and are used as input for a 3D finite element model of the reinforced deck under fatigue loading. The results indicate that fiber reinforced cement based overlay solutions may be a viable option for orthotropic decks with inadequate deck plate thicknesses
Model Order Reduction in Computational Multiscale Fracture Mechanics
Authors: Caicedo M. , Oliver J. , Huespe A.E. , Lloberas-Valls O.
Published: October 2016

Nowadays, the model order reduction techniques have become an intensive research eld because of the
increasing interest in the computational modeling of complex phenomena in multi-physic problems, and its conse-
quent increment in high-computing demanding processes; it is well known that the availability of high-performance
computing capacity is, in most of cases limited, therefore, the model order reduction becomes a novelty tool to
overcome this paradigm, that represents an immediately challenge in our research community. In computational
multiscale modeling for instance, in order to study the interaction between components, a di erent numerical model
has to be solved in each scale, this feature increases radically the computational cost. We present a reduced model
based on a multi-scale framework for numerical modeling of the structural failure of heterogeneous quasi-brittle
materials using the Strong Discontinuity Approach (CSD). The model is assessed by application to cementitious
materials. The Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) and the Reduced Order Integration Cubature are the pro-
posed techniques to develop the reduced model, these two techniques work together to reduce both, the complexity
and computational time of the high-delity model, in our case the FE2 standard model
A Study on Repair Technique of Vehicle Injector Parts
Authors: Choi Young Woo , Jung Do Hyun
Published: October 2016

Remanufacturing of disposable parts has the advantage in cost and environment aspects. Remanufacturing technology requires the three technologies of part cleansing technology, disassembly technology, and part restoration technology. Also, recycling and disposal must be determined through failure mode analysis. In this paper, the failure causes of magnet valve and spill valve of injector were analyzed, and the proper restoration method on main causes were researched. As a result, magnet valve was appropriate through polishing, tap manufacturing and DLC coating of spill valve was evaluated to be most appropriate.
Residual Lifetime Determination of Low Temperature Co-Fired Ceramics
Authors: Majer Zdeněk , Štegnerová Kateřina , Hutař Pavel , Pletz Martin , Bermejo Raul , Náhlík Luboš
Published: October 2016

The effect of subcritical crack growth is nowadays intensively studied mainly in relation to the strength of ceramic materials. The main aim of the contribution is to describe behavior of micro-crack propagating in the Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramics (LTCC) under subcritical crack growth (SCCG) conditions. The micro-crack behavior is significantly influenced by residual stresses developed in the LTCC due to different coefficients of thermal expansion of individual components. Two-dimensional numerical model was developed to simulate micro-crack propagation through the composite. The micro-crack propagation direction was determined using Sih’s criterion based on the strain energy density factor and the micro-crack path was obtained. The residual lifetime of the specific ceramic particulate composite (LTCC) was estimated on the basis of experimental data. The paper contributes to a better understanding of micro-crack propagation in particulate ceramic composites in the field of residual stresses.
Influence of Hybrid Steel Fiber Addition on Direct Tensile Behavior of UHPC
Authors: Park Seung Hun , Koh Kyung Taek , Ryu Gum Sung , An Gi Hong , Lee Nam Kon
Published: October 2016

This paper examines the direct tensile behavior of ultra high performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) according to the addition of hybrid-type steel fibers with different lengths and diameters but identical aspect ratio. Two types of steel fibers that are MS fiber with length of 20 mm and diameter of 0.2 mm and LS fiber with length of 22 mm and diameter of 0.22 mm are adopted and admixed together with different proportions to give three series of mixes (MS10LS05, MS075LS075, MS05LS10). Direct tensile test is conducted on specimens using each of the considered mixes and notched on both sides. The results show that the tensile strength and the energy absorption capacity of UHPFRC tend to increase with larger proportions of relatively long steel fibers.
The Numerical Analysis for a Crack in the Cathode Electrode Surface of Planar SOFC
Authors: Park Cheol Jun , Kang Ji Woong , Kwon Oh Heon
Published: October 2016

The crack formation and propagation remain as major issues regarding the mechanical crack behavior of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), due to the thermomechanical mismatch and the porous nature of the SOFC components. The SOFC consisting of brittle ceramic materials can be damaged by the cracking due to high-temperature during the manufacturing and operation. The crack generated during the manufacturing were can cause the cell performance degradation during operation. For crack evaluation because the SOFC products the required power density through the stack considering the interconnector is required. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the vertical crack at the cathode electrode, and also the effects of the crack on the interconnect channel position in operation for the crack behavior and stress field.
Influence of Compressive Stress to the Corrosion Rate of Magnesium
Authors: Kawai Tetsuya , Takano Noriyuki
Published: October 2016

Magnesium has made an attention as implant material. Because it is decomposed and absorbed in the body, and its mechanical strength is stronger than that of polymers. It is, however, reported that the corrosion rate increases under the compressive elastic stress. In the other hand, it decreases in the specimen whose surface is applied to compressive residual stress by laser shot peening. This implies that compressive plastic deformation reduces the corrosion rate. In the present paper, the corrosion rate of magnesium that was plastically deformed by uniform high compressive stress was researched. As the result, the corrosion rate decreased as the compressive stress increased.