bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on the Cleanup Mechanism of Microemulsion Acid Based on Microfluidic Experiment
Authors: Li Junjian , Ma Mengqi , Yuan Shuai , Su Hang , Yu Fuwei , Dong Rencheng , Wang Qing , Jiang Hanqiao
Published: June 2024

During an acid fracturing treatment, the preflush and spent acid injected by multistage alternate injection will enter the matrix; this part of the aqueous phase entering the matrix will cause serious water blocking damage during crude oil production, hinder the migration of crude oil in the matrix, and reduce the well productivity. There is a large amount of small-sized pore throats in low-permeability bioclastic limestone reservoirs. The small-sized pore throats are important channels for hydrocarbon flow and are more vulnerable to water blocking under the effect of capillary pressure. The multistage alternating injection of microemulsion acid is a key technology to unlock the commercial potential of low-permeability porous limestone reservoirs, which has the advantages of high acid conductivity, long action distance, less solid residue, and low water blocking damage. This technology has demonstrated good usability in field tests, and the relevant laboratory studies mainly focus on understanding the stimulation effect of microemulsion acid through macroscopic core experiments. But there is still no clear explanation at the microscopic level for why this system can expand its invasion range and mitigate the water blocking damage. To evaluate the effect of microemulsion acid in limestone reservoirs and provide a reference for its application, the properties and mechanism of this system are studied in this paper, while the systems commonly used in the acid pressing process (spent acid without cleanup additive, spent acid added with cleanup additive, and spent emulsified acid) are selected as the control group. According to the characteristics of multimode pore throat in limestone reservoir, a special micromodel with CaCO3 coating is developed. The microfluidic research is carried out to visually present the dynamics of multiphase flow during different spent acids invasion and flowback processes. The cleanup mechanism of microemulsion acid was revealed, while highlighting its application advantages through comparative analysis.
Designing a Biointensive Module for the Management of Tomato Leafminer, Tuta Absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
Authors: Jeyarani S. , Parveen S. Sumaiya
Published: June 2024

In India, tomato cultivation is highly threatened by the invasive South American tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta Meyrick. Application of chemical insecticides is the most commonly recommended practice for the management of T. absoluta. Hence, considering the ill effects of the pesticides on environment, natural enemies and human health, alternate ecofriendly strategies for the management of T. absoluta has to be worked out. Keeping this in view, present investigation was carried out to design a biointensive module for the management of T. absoluta on tomato. Laboratory bioassays with four isolates of B. bassiana and one isolate of M. anisopliae indicated that the B. bassiana isolate (Bb 112) had the lowest LC50 values (0.45 x 105 and 0.77 x 106 spores ml− 1, respectively) and was highly virulent against both the eggs and larvae of T. absoluta. Among the parasitoids, T. achaeae was found to be more effective (55.00 and 23.27%) followed by T. Chilonis (40.60 and 3.70%) and T. japonicum at (23.60 and 2.32%) at 1:1 ratio against freshly laid eggs of T. absoluta. Based on the laboratory findings, two field trials viz., one at Madampatti and another one at Thondamuthur village of Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu were conducted during 2020–2021 to evaluate the efficacy of three biointensive modules in comparison with two modules exclusively with insecticides and an untreated control with four replications. Among the modules tested, Module 3 (Pheromone trap @ 40 / ha + T. achaea @ 5 cc / ha + spinetoram 11.7% SC @ 500 ml /ha + cyantraniliprole 10.26 OD @ 150 ml / ha) recorded the highest per cent reduction in larval population (60.02 and 63.08%) and fruit damage (60.58 and 64.96%). The effective BIPM Module 3, identified from the above experiments validated under farmer’s field in Thodamuthur during 2021–2022 showed its consistent efficacy in checking the T. absoluta population (62.48%) and fruit damage (65.87%) followed by farmer’s practice. The tomato fruits harvested from the experimental plots analyzed through QuEChERS method revealed detectable levels of cyantraniliprole residue @ 0.01 mg / kg of tomato and spinetoram @ 0.01 mg / kg of tomato in the plots treated with BIPM module. However, the residue levels did not exceed the CODEX MRL of 0.06 mg / kg of tomato for spinetoram and 0.5 mg / kg of fruiting vegetables for cyantraniliprole. While, in farmer’s practice, the residue level of cyantraniliprole was 0.15 mg /kg of tomato which was 10 fold more than that of the BIPM module.
A pair of Chinese Shang oracle graphs Niu and Yang for certain livestock originate from a pair of Halaf pottery motifs bucrania and mouflons, which spread across prehistoric Old World.
Authors: Liu Zhihua
Published: June 2024

Utilizing the multiple evidence of genetics, archaeology, iconography, graphemics and philology, this paper discovers two foreign elements Niu and Yang from the Fertile Crescent, in the Shang oracle inscriptions; as well as articulates the dispersal across Europe of the Halaf culture motif pair bucrania and mouflons. These discoveries provide a clue to investigate the relations of several pictograph type writing systems of the Bronze Age Old World. The connection among the Shang graph pair Niu and Yang, the European late Neolithic and Bronze Age abstract motif bucrania, and the Halaf pottery motif pair bucrania and mouflons is disclosed by the shared contents of their meaning: taurine cattle and sheep/goats from the Fertile Crescent. The second prototype of the Halaf motif pair, the back view of the whole body is distinguished from the head view by comparing the motifs with animal images and according to their placement in the evolutionary process. Owing to the same form, the same degree of abstraction, and the same characteristic feature (a pair of huge and curved horns), the Shang graph pair falls in the clusters of those abstract variants of the Halaf motif pair. This coincides with that the Shang graph pair stay outside the category of all the other four-legged animals’ Shang oracle graphs, not only because of the different view types, but also the Shang graph pair’s more abstract form implying their more ancient times.
Integrating Different Colour Spaces for Colour and Contrast Correction in Underwater Images
Authors: RAHMAN UZRA , YADAV DILIP KUMAR
Published: June 2024

Underwater image processing has drawn a lot of interest in recent times since it is a crucial and demanding topic. Compared to the pictures taken in the air, underwater images are of lower quality and typically have a hazy, muted appearance. This study suggests a method for enhancing underwater images that makes use of both the RGB and LAB colour spaces basically focusing on two primary challenges essential for underwater image enhancement- colour and contrast distortion. These basic issues that underwater images face are addressed and handled using different colour spaces. The contrast can be increased using LAB colour space, and its hues can be restored using RGB colour channel. Experiments on underwater images shot in various conditions show that the recommended technique outperforms other cutting edge methods in terms of the final image quality.
Factors Associated with the Adoption of Care Robots: Insights from a 3-Year Pooled Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Tosaka Yoshimasa , Funada Satoshi , Goto Rei
Published: June 2024

Background
Care robots are expected to be useful in long-term care (LTC) settings to resolve several challenges associated with aging populations. However, their use is still limited and little is known about the factors associated with their adoption. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with the adoption of care robots, using a quantitative analysis of a large sample at the organizational level in Japan.
Methods
We analyzed residential service providers using 3 years of pooled cross-sectional data from the Fact-Finding Survey on Long-term Care Work in Japan. In this survey, care robots were categorized as robots for “Transfer support,” “Mobility assistance,” “Toiletry support,” “Monitoring and Communication,” “Bathing support,” and “Support for LTC workers.” We defined “adoption of care robots” as LTC providers having adopted at least one of the care robots. To identify the characteristics of LTC providers associated with the adoption of care robots, we conducted a multivariable logistic regression comparing providers with and without care robots.
Results
Of the 4,688 LTC providers, 1,250 (26.7%) adopted care robots. The characteristics of LTC providers that were found to be associated with the adoption of care robots were: information and communication technology (ICT) equipment adoption (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.45, 3.95), younger average age of care workers (aOR 0.95, 95% CI 0.94, 0.97), large number of employees (aOR 1.008, 95% CI 1.006, 1.010) and appointment of employment management supervisor (aOR 1.61, 95% CI 1.40, 1.85). The primary results were consistent when broken down according to the type of care robot used.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that care robot adoption is highly compatible with ICT equipment adoption, particularly among younger workers, and among large-scale providers and those with a high awareness of improving employment management indicated by the appointment of an employment management supervisor. This study identified the factors associated with the adoption of care robots at the organizational level and is expected to contribute to realizing the implementation of care robots.
The influence of different arterial carbon dioxide levels on the cerebrovascular autoregulation curve in a porcine cranial window model.
Authors: dietvorst sofie , Kempen Bavo , De Sloovere Veerle , Corthout Nikky , Meyfroidt Geert , Depreitere Bart
Published: June 2024

Introduction: Cerebrovascular autoregulation (CA) is the ability to maintain adequate cerebral blood flow (CBF) over a wide range of arterial blood pressure (ABP). Carbon dioxide (PaCO₂) is a potent vasodilator, but its precise influence on CA remains incompletely understood.
Methods: A porcine cranial window model, in which CBF can be measured directly in the pial arterioles while ABP is mechanically manipulated, is used to investigate the effect of PaCO₂ on CA capacity. Hypercapnia and hypocapnia were induced in 12 male piglets each by adjusting the respiratory rate. Once stable PaCO₂ levels of resp 60 mmHg and 25 mmHg respectively were achieved, ABP was gradually increased in half of the animals or decreased in the other half beyond limits of CA by inflating a balloon in the aorta or inferior caval vein.
Results: Before ABP manipulation, hypercapnia already induced a significant vasodilation (+33.9%) and increase in CBF (+20.5%) whereas hypocapnia did not alter diameter or CBF. Both hyper- and hypocapnia significantly reduced the ability to adjust arteriolar diameters in response to changes in ABP.
Conclusion: During hypo- as well as hypercapnia, narrowing of the CA range with a shorter plateau between upper and lower limit of autoregulation was observed, compared to normocapnia.
Consistency between apatite and zircon petrochronology supports robustness of apatite in fingerprinting igneous processes in porphyry systems
Authors: Qu Hongying , Rowland Julie , Mao Jingwen , Orovan Evan , Rowe Michael , Zhong Shihua
Published: June 2024

Apatite low-temperature thermochronology can be double or even triple dated allowing for a reconstruction of the thermal history of rock from ~ 550 oC to near-surface temperatures. Even though it has disadvantageous U–Th–Pb contents (high Pb contents and low U and Th contents) and an unstable nature, apatite is still regarded to have the same robustness in fingerprinting igneous processes in porphyry systems as zircon, so far as to be replace zircon. Hence, we systematically studied characteristics of morphology, geochronology and geochemistry of apatite hosted in syenogranite and monzogranite intrusive rocks in the large Hutouya skarn deposit, in order to corroborate its potential thermochronological monitoring capabilities like zircon in fingerprinting igneous processes in porphyry systems. In this study, apatite grains can be subdivided into two types, FI-free Apatite I formed in the early less fractionated magma and FI-rich Apatite II crystallized in the late highly fractionated magma stage. We obtained ages of 229.0 ± 6.6 Ma in syenogranite and 224.3 ± 4.5 Ma / 223.7 ± 3.9 Ma in monzogranite from Apatite I of magmatic origins. Zircon grains in the two granites can be classified into three types. Zircon I is characterized by transparent and bright zones, Zircon II by dark and metamict features, and Zircon III by mineral inclusions. Zircon I grains with a magmatic texture of well-developed bright oscillatory zones, are most likely primary magmatic zircon that crystallized early in the evolution of granitic magma, dating results of which are 224.70 ± 0.61 Ma in syenogranite intrusions and 225.75 ± 0.66 Ma / 226.31 ± 0.78 Ma in monzogranite, respectively. The apatite–zircon timing is coincident. Furthermore, apatite trace rare earth element contents in the syenogranite and monzogranite intrusions display a negative-slope chondrite-normalized distribution from La to Lu with strong negative Eu anomalies and weak positive Ce anomalies, with major element contents that are statistically identical with enriched F but poor Cl. Zircon trace element compositions in the two intrusions show consistent and steeply increasing chondrite-normalized REE diagrams from La to Lu with negative Eu anomalies and strong positive Ce anomalies. Accordingly, apatite U–Pb dates and the corresponding in-situ trace element compositions and isotopes can test precise constraints on rock formation ages, temperature, oxygen fugacity, material source, and tectonic background, which can be relatively more robust when used as proxies for magma oxidation state.
Impact of Tinted Films on THz Transmission and Shielding in the G-Band Frequency Range
Authors: Ishak Nurul Syafeeqa , Seman Fauziahanim Che , Khee Yee See , Sohoo Arslan Ahmed , Tajudin Mohd Nadzreen Haizam Mohd
Published: June 2024

Researchers are increasingly enthusiastic about the THz frequency range, anticipating it will revolutionize communications by enabling high-speed, high-data-rate transmissions. This paper investigates the transmission, absorbance, and shielding effectiveness of various shades of tinted film within the G-band frequency range (220 GHz to 325 GHz). The measurements were conducted using a terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) system, powered by a femtosecond laser to generate terahertz pulses. Experimental results indicate that films with 100% intensity tint exhibit low transmission values, effectively blocking the terahertz signal. Conversely, for tint intensities ranging from 0% to 95%, transmission values increase with higher tint intensities. The absorbance results show an inverse relationship with transmission, increasing as the tint intensity increases. Additionally, the shielding effectiveness results reveal that films with 100% tint intensity significantly impact terahertz performance, demonstrating more than 30 dB of attenuation.
Dietary Quercetin Protects Against Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS)- induced Colitis Mice by Restoring Intestinal Barrier, Reducting Oxidative Stress and Inflammation via Modulating Gut Microbiota
Authors: Lv Yanan , Peng Jing , Ma Xiaoyu , Liang Zeyi , Salekdeh Ghasem Hosseini , Ke Qunhua , Shen Wenxiang , Yan Zuoting , Li Hongsheng , Wang Shengyi , Ding Xuezhi
Published: June 2024

BackgroundInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, and currently the treatment options of IBD remain limited due to its complex pathogenesis. Quercetin (QUE), one of the representative flavonoids with various bioactivities, has many beneficial effects on gut health. However, little is known of its function on colitis. In this study, the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of QUE on colitis were investigated using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mice by using 16S rDNA sequencing, immunofluorescence histochemistry, enzyme-linked immunoassay, respectively.ResultOur datas revealed that QUE administration by oral gavage not only ameliorates the symptoms and histopathological change of colitis, but also increases the concentration of mucin2, numbers of goblet cells and the expression of tight junction proteins, including ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin-1. In addition, we also found that macrophage in colon were skewed to M1 macrophage polarization by DSS treatment, but QUE treatment markedly promoted M2 polarization in mice colon, while the levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10) were also changed, and received after QUE treatment. In addition, Immunofluorescence results also revealed that QUE upregulated the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, while the level of oxidative-stress enzymes (superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and catalase) were also reversed by QUE treatment. Furthermore, 16S rDNA sequencing revealed that QUE treatment partially restored the alterations in the gut microbiota in colitis mice, mainly by increasing the abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria (such as Odoribacter) whereas decreasing the abundance of potentially harmful bacteria (such as Bacteroidaceae and Bacteroides).ConclusionQUE had the capacity to treat colitis by maintaining the mucosal barrier, modulating inflammation, decreasing oxidation stress, and reverting gut microbiota changes. This research provides an ideal, healthful, and sustainable approach for IBD treatment.
Analyzing and Predicting Ventilation Coefficient over India using Long-term Reanalysis Datasets and Hybrid Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Govande Amitabha , Attada Raju , Shukla Krishna Kumar , Muralidharan Soumya , Kunchala Ravi Kumar , Chilukoti Nagaraju , Kaushik Garima
Published: June 2024

The concentrations of atmospheric pollutants are a serious concern due to their adverse impacts on human health. The ventilation coefficient (VC) is an indicator that measures the dispersion capacity of air pollutants (air pollution potential) in the atmosphere, providing insights into air quality. In this study, we aim to investigate the spatio-temporal variation and trends of VC over the Indian subcontinent using India’s first high-resolution regional reanalysis (IMDAA) and global reanalysis datasets (ERA5) for the period 1980-2019. The spatial pattern of the seasonal climatological mean ERA5 and IMDAA derived VC shows a lower magnitude during winter and post-monsoon seasons, indicating poor air quality over the Indian region, especially in the northern parts of India. We noticed a gradual declination of VC during different seasons, implying increasing surface-level air pollutants and worsening air quality over India. The study further investigates the changes of VC during strong phases of El Niño and La Niña events. The results reveal that El Niño significantly impacts air quality over northern and western parts of India during pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons. At the diurnal scale, the VC exhibits the highest magnitude and variability during daytime due to increased dispersion of pollutants and higher human activities, while remaining low and stable during night due to stagnant atmospheric conditions. These essential characteristics of VC are well represented in IMDAA, albeit with some discrepancies. Furthermore, we have examined the fidelity of a machine learning model-Convolutional Neural Network and Long Short-Term Memory (CNN-LSTM), in predicting the VC for the year 2019 over Delhi city. Various statistical metrics are computed to evaluate the performance of the CNN-LSTM model. The results confirm that the model successfully predicts the VC compared to observations from ERA5.
Response of commodity markets to global warming attention
Authors: Geng Jiangbo , Jiao Anjiao
Published: June 2024

This study used the internet search index on the topic ‘global warming’ as a proxy for the level of public attention to global warming and empirically tested the shock of global warming attention to international commodity markets. The findings indicate that the returns, volatility, and uncertainty of the commodity markets exhibited high sensitivity to global warming attention. Moreover, the findings show that first, global warming attention positively shocked the returns, volatility, and uncertainty of the agricultural market. Second, global warming attention negatively shocked the returns of the fossil energy market but positively shocked the volatility and uncertainty of the fossil energy market. Third, it caused no significant shock to the livestock market. Fourth, it positively shocked the returns of the metal market but did not significantly shock the volatility and uncertainty of the metal market. Therefore, it is imperative for financial regulators and investors to be more aware of climate change attention and its heterogeneous shocks to different commodity markets to prevent and mitigate its adverse consequences.
The Association between Asthma Control and Mental Health in Asthma Patients
Authors: Alkaraa Sara , Rikabi Hiba , Alhomsi Gena , Anouz Rama , Alsayed Hala , Albardan Hussam
Published: June 2024

Background
Asthma is a chronic disease that results from complex interactions between multiple environmental and genetic factors. A bi-directional relation is proposed between level of asthma control and mental health. The present study evaluates this relation and investigates the factors associated with either, among Syrian asthmatic patients.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 101 asthmatic patients who were attending pulmonology clinics in two central hospitals in Damascus. Patients were requested to fill out the ACT (Asthma Control Test) and GHQ-12 (the 12-item General Health Questionnaire) questionnaires. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square test in SPSS version 26.
Results
We found no significant correlation between ACT and GHQ-12 categories (p = 0.071). More than two-thirds of patients expressed severe psychological problems unassociated to their level of asthma control. Sex had no effect on asthma control nor mental health. However, age was a substantial determinant; as 79.5% of middle-aged patients had uncontrolled asthma (p = 0.040), and from mental health aspect; almost 50% of young patients had severe psychological distress and more than third had evidence of distress (p = 0.007). On the other hand, smoking had no significant impact on ACT nor GHQ-12 scores. Patients with controlled asthma mostly lived in rural areas likewise most patients with severe psychological distress; hence, residence had a crucial influence on both ACT and GHQ-12 scores (p = 0.003, p = 0.056 respectively).
Conclusion
Results of this study show no correlation between asthma control and mental health. Factors that affect both scores include patient’s age and place of residence. This indicates several cofactors influencing asthmatic patients’ general health beside their asthma control level, which must be considered in clinical approach.
Green pathway of Urea Synthesis through Plasma-Ice Interaction: Optimization and Mechanistic Insights with N2 + CO2 and NH3 + CO2 Gas Mixtures
Authors: Rathore Vikas
Published: June 2024

This study explores a green pathway for urea synthesis using plasma-ice interaction with gas mixtures of N2 + CO2 and NH3 + CO2. Electrical and optical emission spectroscopy were employed to characterize the plasmas, revealing that urea formation involves complex reactions driven by high-energy species, producing reactive nitrogen and carbon intermediates that further react to form urea.
Physicochemical analyses of plasma-treated ice showed increased pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and reduced oxidation-reduction potential (ORP). Optimization of plasma process parameters (gas pressure, applied voltage, and treatment time) was performed to enhance urea formation. Among these parameters, plasma treatment time had the most substantial influence. Increasing treatment time from 20 to 60 minutes significantly impacted physicochemical properties: for N2 + CO2 plasma, pH increased by 21.05%, EC by 184.7%, and ORP decreased by 27.48%; for NH3 + CO2 plasma, pH increased by 27.37%, EC by 239.05%, and ORP decreased by 72.67%, respectively.
The study shows that NH3 + CO2 plasma produces a significantly higher concentration of urea (7.7 mg L-1) compared to N2 + CO2 plasma (0.55 mg L-1). This is attributed to the direct availability and reactivity of ammonia, which simplifies reaction pathways and enhances intermediate formation. These findings highlight the potential of plasma-ice interaction as an energy-efficient and environmentally friendly method for urea synthesis, offering a sustainable alternative to conventional processes.
Proyecto de web semántica de autoridades en PARES: extracción y análisis inicial
Authors: Blázquez-Ochando Manuel , Ovalle-Perandones María-Antonia
Published: June 2024

La investigación se centra en describir los tipos de autoridades del Portal de Archivos Españoles, aportando su cuantificación, y ratio relacional, con el fin de delinear el grafo inicial de este sector en PARES. Para lograrlo se emplean métodos de webscraping que han permitido la compilación de todos los registros de autoridad, para su procesamiento y análisis. Los datos recopilados muestran mayor relevancia de las autoridades personales y familias, seguidas de instituciones y conceptos. Este enfoque refleja la importancia de los individuos y las relaciones familiares en el contexto histórico y archivístico. Además, se destacan las relaciones asociativas entre personas e instituciones, lo que sugiere la complejidad de las interacciones sociales y organizacionales en el pasado. También se comprueba una fuerte interconexión entre lugares y personas, así como entre lugares y otras entidades como instituciones y normas. Esto subraya la importancia de la geolocalización y el contexto geográfico en la comprensión del patrimonio histórico y cultural representado en PARES. Además, se identifica una proporción equitativa entre relaciones familiares, lo que indica una representación rica de la vida social y familiar. Por otro lado, se observa una baja proporción de relaciones asociativas con fuentes de información, lo que sugiere la necesidad de ampliar la documentación y las referencias utilizadas en las fichas descriptivas.
Creación fotográfica mediante el uso de aplicaciones móviles. Análisis descriptivo y funcional de una selección de apps
Authors: Trabadela-Robles Javier , Chaparro-Becerra Aroa
Published: June 2024

Las aplicaciones (apps) fotográficas móviles han evolucionado y se han perfeccionado de manera considerable con el paso de los años. Estas apps han hecho que los profesionales dispongan de más herramientas para realizar proyectos creativos y de mayor calidad a través de su smartphone. En este trabajo se realiza un análisis descriptivo de una selección de aplicaciones fotográficas, de modo que se han expuesto sus características principales mediante la aplicación de un modelo de análisis con distintas variables creado ad hoc. Finalmente se ha probado la funcionalidad de varias apps con el fin de evaluar sus posibilidades creativas. Se concluye que las aplicaciones elegidas ofrecen una gran cantidad de funciones creativas facilitando, tanto el trabajo de los fotógrafos profesionales, como el de los usuarios aficionados a la fotografía.
Forma y función en la arquitectura vernácula vasca: el ejemplo de las casas de seroras (siglos XVI-XVIII)
Authors: Narbarte Josu , Diez Oronoz Aritz
Published: June 2024

La arquitectura vernácula vasca ofrece una amplia variedad de tipologías y variantes regionales. Ejemplo prominente de ello son las casas de seroras, construidas durante la Edad Moderna en las inmediaciones de iglesias y ermitas para albergar a las mujeres encargadas de mantener la iglesia y asistir en el culto. En este artículo se aborda el desarrollo geográfico y cronológico de este fenómeno mediante la combinación de fuentes documentales y orales, microtoponimia y el análisis de las arquitecturas conservadas. Se analizan, en especial, dos conjuntos tipológicos. El primero incluye varios edificios de la costa vasca oriental, formando casas aisladas de pequeñas dimensiones con muros laterales en piedra y estructura en entramado de madera. El segundo incluye varios casos del valle del Baztan, con volúmenes elevados, adosados a su correspondiente templo, con un espacio porticado bajo ellos. Ambos grupos forman conjuntos tipológicos bien definidos estrechamente ligados a su función original; pero, al mismo tiempo, pueden relacionarse con las tendencias vigentes en la arquitectura vernácula de sus respectivas regiones.
Análise de textos e discursos em diferentes perspectivas
Authors:   Maria das Graças Soares Rodrigues
Published: June 2024

Este livro, organizado reúne 19 capítulos escritos por pesquisadores especialistas de diversas universidades brasileiras e estrangeiras que tratam do texto e do discurso a partir de variadas abordagens teórico-metodológicas. As análises são empreendidas sobre textos e discursos configurados em gêneros de distintos domínios discursivos, como jornalístico (editorial, capa de jornal e artigo de opinião), jurídico (processo penal, alegação e interrogatório), pedagógico (livro didático, dicionário pedagógico, questionário com professores), científico (discurso da ciência e discurso de divulgação científica)
ROCK Inhibitor Fasudil Attenuates Neuroinflammation and Associated Metabolic Dysregulation in the Tau Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Ouyang Xiaosen , Collu Roberto , Benavides Gloria A. , Tian Ran , Darley-Usmar Victor , Xia Weiming , Zhang Jianhua
Published: June 2024

Background:

The pathological manifestations of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) include not
only brain amyloid β protein (Aβ) containing neuritic plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau (p--
tau) containing neurofibrillary tangles but also microgliosis, astrocytosis, and neurodegeneration
mediated by metabolic dysregulation and neuroinflammation.

Methods:

While antibody-based therapies targeting Aβ have shown clinical promise, effective
therapies targeting metabolism, neuroinflammation, and p-tau are still an urgent need. Based on
the observation that Ras homolog (Rho)-associated kinases (ROCK) activities are elevated in AD,
ROCK inhibitors have been explored as therapies in AD models. This study determines the effects
of fasudil, a ROCK inhibitor, on neuroinflammation and metabolic regulation in the P301S tau
transgenic mouse line PS19 that models neurodegenerative tauopathy and AD. Using daily intraperitoneal
(i.p.) delivery of fasudil in PS19 mice, we observed a significant hippocampal-specific
decrease of the levels of phosphorylated tau (pTau Ser202/Thr205), a decrease of GFAP+ cells
and glycolytic enzyme Pkm1 in broad regions of the brain, and a decrease in mitochondrial complex
IV subunit I in the striatum and thalamic regions.

Results:

Although no overt detrimental phenotype was observed, mice dosed with 100 mg/kg/day
for 2 weeks exhibited significantly decreased mitochondrial outer membrane and electron transport
chain (ETC) protein abundance, as well as ETC activities.

Conclusion:

Our results provide insights into dose-dependent neuroinflammatory and metabolic
responses to fasudil and support further refinement of ROCK inhibitors for the treatment of AD.
Anti-Cancer Effects of Soy Isoflavones against Cancer by Radiosensitizing
Properties: A Systematic Review
Authors: Raeisi Elham , Heidari-Soureshjani Saeid , Sherwin Catherine MT , Khaghani Armin
Published: June 2024

Background:

It is necessary to investigate the targets and pathways on which soy isoflavones act as radiosensitizers for their future use and their potential therapeutic effects.

Objectives:

This systematic review aims to discuss and highlight future perspectives on the radiosensitizing effects of soy isoflavones against cancer cells.

Methods:

We thoroughly searched multiple databases, such as PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus. We aimed to find studies investigating the effectiveness of soy
isoflavones in increasing the sensitivity of different types of cancer to radiation treatment. We extracted data according to the study's aim, and the studies' outcomes were reviewed.

Results:

The radiosensitizing effects of soy isoflavones are related to the accumulation of intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), reducing Glutathione (GSH), Nuclear factor erythroid 2–related
factor 2 (Nrf2) and Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1). They also induce cancer cell apoptosis through inhibited Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor-1
(APE1/Ref-1) and HIF-1α, upregulation of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP) and improve cytochrome c, upregulation Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), inhibited B-cell lymphoma-extra-large
(Bcl-xL) and activation of caspase-3 and -8. Moreover, by inhibiting p21, increased phosphorylation
of p53 and PARP-1-dependent ATP depletion caused DNA damage and impaired DNA repair. Soy
isoflavones also arrest the cell cycle by interfering with the G2/M checkpoint.

Conclusion:

In vivo and in vitro studies indicated that soy isoflavones enhanced radiotherapy effects
on cancer cells with protective effects on healthy cells. Also, clinical studies reported safe and satisfactory properties of soy isoflavones along with radiotherapy in cancer treatment.
The Impact of Amotosalen Photochemical Pathogen Inactivation on Human Platelet Lysate
Authors: Delabie Willem , De Bleser Dominique , Vandewalle Vicky , De Prest Marie-Laurence , Vandekerckhove Philippe , Compernolle Veerle , Feys Hendrik B.
Published: June 2024

Background:

Human Platelet Lysate (hPL) is a platelet-derived and growth factor-rich
supplement for cell culture. It can be prepared from surplus platelet concentrates initially intended
for transfusion. Amotosalen-based photochemical pathogen inactivation of platelet concentrates is
used in a number of blood establishments worldwide to minimize the risk of pathogen transmission
from donor to patient.

Methods:

This pathogen inactivation method has not been formally validated for direct use on
hPL. Here, we have studied the impact of pathogen inactivation on hPL and compared it to untreated
hPL prepared from pathogen-inactivated platelet concentrates or control hPL. We used mass
spectrometry, ELISA, and in vitro mesenchymal stem cell culture for determining residual amotosalen,
final growth factor content, and cell doubling, respectively.

Results:

The data have shown amotosalen concentrations to be reduced a thousand-fold following
pathogen inactivation, leaving trace quantities of photosensitizer molecules in the final hPL product.
Some growth factors have been reported to be significantly more impacted in hPL that is directly
pathogen-inactivated compared to both control conditions. This has no significant effect on
the growth kinetics of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells.

Conclusion:

Direct amotosalen-based pathogen inactivation has a measurable impact on certain
growth factors in hPL, but this does not outweigh the likely benefits of reducing the odds of
donor-to-patient pathogen transmission
Hematological Indices and Genetic Variants of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency: Machine Learning Approaches
Authors: Mirinezhad Mohammad Reza , Aghasizadeh Malihe , Ghazizadeh Hamideh , Hemmatpur Anahid , Mashhadi Mohammad Reza Fazl , Khedmatgozar Hamed , Kiyoumarsioskouei Amir , Dabagh Ali Ebrahimi , Mohammadi Mohammad Amin , Ebrahimian Arezoo Rastegarmoghadam , Malek Melika , Moazedi Sara , Rashidian Simin , Ferns Gordon A. , Hamzehloei Tayebeh , Pasdar Alireza , Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid
Published: June 2024

Background:

Premature Ovarian Insufficiency (POI) is associated with infertility.
Little is known about the potential circulating biomarkers that could be used to predict POI. We
have investigated the possible association between white and red blood cells, platelet indices,
and eight established single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with POI risk.

Methods:

117 women with premature menopause (PM) and 183 healthy women without a history
of menopause before age 40 were recruited for this study. The tetra-primer amplification refractory
mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (Tetra ARMS PCR) and allele-specific oligonucleotides-
polymerase chain reaction (ASO-PCR) were carried out for genotyping for eight
SNPs reported to be associated with POI. Decision tree analysis was applied to test the diagnostic
value of hematological parameters to identify the risk of POI.

Results:

Women with POI had lower neutrophil (NEUT) and white blood cell (WBC), whereas
red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), mean corpuscular volume (MCV),
and mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) were higher. Platelet (PLT) count was also lower in affected
women. Our data also indicated that HGB and HCT count were significantly associated with
rs16991615 and rs244715. Mean Platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW)
were associated with rs244715, rs1046089, rs4806660, and rs2303369. The rs16991615 was also
associated with RBC count, and rs451417 was associated with NEUTs. The decision tree (DT)
model reveals that women with the NEUT count at a cut-off value of less than 2.8 and HCT
equal to or more than 38.7% could be identified as high-risk cases for POI. Overall, we found the
DT approach had a sensitivity = 85%, specificity = 72%, and accuracy = 74%.

Conclusion:

The genetic variants involved in POI are associated with changes in reproductive
hormone levels and with changes in hematological indices.
Current Therapeutic Strategies for Neurocysticercosis and Leshmaniasis
Authors: Goel Nitin , Kaur Arvinder , Gupta Lalit , Sharma Rajiv , Kaur Satvinder , Mittal Vishnu , Dawar Vani
Published: June 2024

The most prevalent parasite condition affecting the brain, neurocysticercosis
(NCC), is a well-known contributor to new seizures all over the world including India.
The only prevalent cause of acquired epileptic seizures in underdeveloped nations,
whereas active epilepsy is a common cause in affluent nations, that is cysticercosis, a
parasitic ailment of the neurological structure in humans initiated by the larval stage of
the tapeworm Taenia solium. The location of the cysticercus affects the pathogenesis,
natural history, clinical symptoms, and therapy. For instance, the primary clinical signs
and symptoms differ depending on the type of disease. Seizures or headaches are
generally the first symptoms of parenchymal NCC. Leishmaniasis is brought on by
parasites of the genus Leishmania in the Trypanosomatidae family which is among the
most neglected tropical infectious diseases. Over 20 different Leishmania protozoa
types can cause the complex vector-borne disorder leishmaniasis, which has a variety
of clinical presentations ranging from localised skin ulcers (cutaneous leishmaniasis) to
a systemic illness that can be fatal if left untreated (visceral leishmaniasis). There is not
a single effective Leishmaniasis treatment available now for all species and symptoms.
Furthermore, the present therapeutic approaches frequently do not lead to a
parasitological cure and recurrence in the context of immunodeficiency (i.e., HIV) is an
emerging area that needs further research. So, this review is a discussion of a
combination of all aspects related to Leishmaniasis, and how to use old treatment
methods such as monotherapy along with modern strategies to combat this major health
issue all over the world.
Current Therapeutic Strategies for Trachoma
Authors: Bajaj Himani , Agarwal Sindhu , Sharma Anjali , Yadav Mayank , Naseer Md. Arif
Published: June 2024

As a result of persistent follicular conjunctivitis brought on by Chlamydia
trachomatis and consequent corneal scarring, about 6 million people have irreparable
blindness. Chlamydia trachomatis is a bacterium that causes trachoma, an eye
infection. Early signs include eyelid itchiness and irritation, whereas advanced signs
include swollen eyelids, pus oozing from the eyes, photophobia (light sensitivity),
discomfort in the eye, and vision issues. Using the SAFE strategy, the WHO is driving
an international campaign to eradicate Blinding Trachoma. Trichiasis surgery,
antibiotic treatment for infection, hygiene promotion on the face, and environmental
changes to improve air quality are all part of this. The best antibacterial medication for
widespread distribution is oral azithromycin.
Major Diseases of Turf
Authors: Ahamad Faheem , Khan Mujeebur Rahman
Published: June 2024

Turf grasses are extensively planted for ornamental landscaping or
decorative purposes and for upgrading outdoor grounds in tropical and warm temperate
regions. Most of the important turf is known by various common names such as
Bermuda, couch, kweek and Doob. They are also valuable for soil stabilizing and
livestock herbage. Turfgrass experiences a variety of disease problems, many of which
result in a significant damage to turf appearance. In many instances, diseases are
considered for low-quality turf, although other factors may also be responsible for this.
Turfs are affected by several algal, fungal, and bacterial pathogens. This chapter
provides a detailed account of the symptomatology, aetiology, biology, and
management of a few important prevalent turf diseases viz., algae problem,
anthracnose, Rhizoctonia patches, leaf and sheath spot, blight, Pythium damping off,
rust and powdery mildew.
Planned Innovation in Improving the Quality of Islamic Education Management
Authors: Suprapto Suprapto , Islah Islah , Giyoto Giyoto
Published: June 2024

This study analyzed planned innovation to improve the quality of Islamic education management at SMA MTA Surakarta boarding school. It was conducted using a qualitative approach and a case study method to explore and understand information from taking steps to improve strategies of quality education management. The information was analyzed by (a) processing and preparing information for analysis; (b) reading all the data; (c) describing the setting (domain), people (participants), and categories; (d) presenting descriptions in qualitative narratives/reports; and (e) making interpretations. This study showed that 1) to increase teachers’ competency. 2) educational innovations at SMA MTA Surakarta include: a) strengthening boarding school governance b) Strengthening the character of the school community c) Innovation in education management, d) Innovation in increasing the competence of teachers and schools e) Innovation in facilities and infrastructure f) Innovation in developing students’ soft skills to provide students with provisions so they can adapt to the demands of developments in science and technology. The forms of activity are very varied. As an Islamic Educational Institution, it should implement strategic management that is systematic, consistent, programmed, comprehensive, and sustainable.
Analiza reakcji polskich społeczności przygranicznych na kryzys humanitarny i uchodźczy spowodowany inwazją Rosji na Ukrainę – studium przypadku
Authors: Bełdyga Natalia
Published: June 2024

Celem artykułu jest analiza roli odporności społeczności w sytuacjach kryzysowych i niepewności. Analizie poddano dwa przykłady reakcji społeczności na bezprecedensowy kryzys humanitarny i uchodźczy wywołany inwazją Rosji na Ukrainę 24 lutego 2022 r. Analizowane społeczności znajdowały się w dwóch przygranicznych obszarach Polski: północno-wschodnim – w regionie przygranicznym zwanym przesmykiem suwalskim, oraz południowo-wschodnim – w Bieczu, znanym też jako „Mały Kraków”. Podstawowym celem analizy było lepsze poznanie podstawowych wymiarów odporności społeczności w celu zbadania ich wpływu na reakcję na wspomnianą sytuację kryzysową. Jednym z tych wymiarów jest sprawczość, która ułatwia dostosowywanie się do zmieniających się warunków, zarówno na poziomie pojedynczych osób, jak i społeczności [Inglehart, Welzel 2009]. Drugim elementem odporności społeczności, jak też istotną częścią proaktywnego etapu zarządzania kryzysowego, jest gotowość cywilna, rozumiana jako możliwość utrzymania procesów kluczowych dla funkcjonowania społeczeństwa, zapewnienie dostępności do podstawowych zasobów i zdolność aparatu państwowego do funkcjonowania w sytuacji kryzysowej [Zekulic i in. 2017]. Na potrzeby analizy wykonano badania jakościowe w postaci wywiadów przeprowadzanych na miejscu i na żywo z przedstawicielami dwóch grup, wolontariuszy i członków lokalnej społeczności, zaangażowanych w pomoc ukraińskim uchodźcom przybywającym do Polski. Wyniki badań wskazują, że kryzys uchodźczy i humanitarny wywołany pełnoskalową inwazją Rosji na Ukrainę uruchomił zdolność społeczeństw do działania i zjednoczył je w jednym celu: odpowiedzenia na tę bezprecedensową sytuację kryzysową pomocą dla uchodźców z Ukrainy. Obie wspomniane grupy podjęły się praktycznych działań w terenie w odpowiedzi na sytuację kryzysową, pomagając istotom ludzkim w potrzebie. Pomoc ta często, w szczególności w trakcie pierwszych tygodni inwazji, miała charakter oddolny i indywidualny, z wykorzystaniem wszelkiego rodzaju, często doraźnych, sposobów, metod i rozwiązań. Stanowi ona tym samym solidną podstawę do budowy i rozwoju odporności społeczności. Słowa kluczowe: kryzys, niepewność, odporność społeczeństw, sprawczość, gotowość cywilna