bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cytotoxicity, Removal of Congo Red Dye in Aqueous Solution Using Synthesized Amorphous Iron Oxide Nanoparticles from Incense Sticks Ash Waste
Authors: Yadav Virendra Kumar , Gnanamoorthy G. , Ali Daoud , Bera Sweta Parimita , Roy Arpita , Kumar Gokhlesh , Choudhary Nisha , Kalasariya Haresh , Basnet Anup
Published: February 2022

Magnetic nanoparticles have gained huge importance in the last ten years. They have found tremendous applications in the field of medicine, electronics, and environmental cleanup. The synthesis of amorphous iron oxide nanoparticles (AIONPs) is expensive making its applications highly overpriced. This research study reports the synthesis of AIONPs from waste incense sticks ash (ISA) in two steps. The first step is the recovery of ferrous fractions from ISA, followed by concentrated HCl treatment of magnetic fraction along with ultrasonication. And the second step includes treatment of ferrous‐rich leachate with sodium hydroxides. The size of synthesized AIONPs varied from 40‐90 nm and were highly aggregated due to the formation of large clumps. Cytotoxicity of synthesized AIONPs was determined on a normal human lung (BEAS‐2B) cell line by using an MTT assay. Data showed that AIONPs induced cell toxicity in a dose‐dependent manner. The particles were mainly spherical to rod‐shaped and highly aggregated, it was confirmed by the microscopy analysis. The Fourier transform infrared (FT‐IR) and Raman spectroscopy revealed the Fe‐O, Si‐O‐Al as major functional groups in the AIONPs, while X‐ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the amorphicity and physical property measurement system (PPMS) revealed the magnetic strength of the synthesized AIONPs. Finally, the AIONPs particles were applied for the remediation of Congo red dye from the wastewater by the adsorption method, and about 72% removal was achieved after one hour. The utilization of such ISA waste, for the synthesis of value‐added minerals and their utilization for environmental cleanup, makes this whole process cost‐efficient and environment‐friendly.
A Music Emotion Classification Model Based on the Improved Convolutional Neural Network
Authors: Jia Xiaosong
Published: February 2022

Aiming at the problems of music emotion classification, a music emotion recognition method based on the convolutional neural network is proposed. First, the mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC) and residual phase (RP) are weighted and combined to extract the audio low-level features of music, so as to improve the efficiency of data mining. Then, the spectrogram is input into the convolutional recurrent neural network (CRNN) to extract the time-domain features, frequency-domain features, and sequence features of audio. At the same time, the low-level features of audio are input into the bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) network to further obtain the sequence information of audio features. Finally, the two parts of features are fused and input into the softmax classification function with the center loss function to achieve the recognition of four music emotions. The experimental results based on the emotion music dataset show that the recognition accuracy of the proposed method is 92.06%, and the value of the loss function is about 0.98, both of which are better than other methods. The proposed method provides a new feasible idea for the development of music emotion recognition.
Multiresponse Optimization of Wire Electrical Discharge Machining Parameters for Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo (α-β) Alloy Using Taguchi-Grey Relational Approach
Authors: Perumal A. , Kailasanathan C. , Stalin Balasubramaniam , Suresh Kumar S. , Rajkumar P. R. , Gangadharan T. , Venkatesan G. , Nagaprasad N. , Dhinakaran V. , Krishnaraj Ramaswamy
Published: February 2022

The Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo alloy was machined using the wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) method in this research. The consequences of input values like pulse on duration, wire tension, and wire feed on metal removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (SR) have indeed been observed. After conducting 27 experiments using Taguchi’s L27 type of research technique, empirical designing and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed. For process optimization, the Taguchi technique, which is based on the grey relational analysis approach, is used. The results show that a material removal rate of 0.293 mm3/min was obtained with factors of 10 µs pulse on duration, 7 m/min of wire feed, and 12 g of wire tension (the higher the better), and surface roughness of 2.129 µm was obtained with factors of 6 µs pulse on duration, 3 m/min of wire feed, and 8 g of wire tension (the lower the better). The percentage of errors between results obtained and grey relational analysis (GRA) predicted results varies around 6%. Wire electrical discharge machining with Ti-6242 alloy to optimum conditions resulted in better MRR and surface integrity with good surface finish and integrity as evidenced by a substantial reduction in the crack formation, lumps, and accumulated surfaces.
Surgical Parapharyngeal Space Tumor Analysis with Case Series Study
Authors: Marzouki Hani , Nujoom Mohammed , Fagih Samiha Nezar , Almokri Razan Mohammad , Zawawi Faisal , Jamjoom Reda , Almarzouki Hatim Z. , Merdad Mazin
Published: February 2022

Background. The parapharyngeal space is a hypothetical region in the neck that stretches from the base of the skull to the bigger corner of the hyoid bone. The fascia that connects the styloid process to the tensor veli palatini separates the compartment into prestyloid and poststyloid compartments, with the prestyloid compartment being larger. In the general population, tumors of the parapharyngeal area are very uncommon, accounting for less than 1% of all head and neck neoplasms in the population. In this location, CT scanning and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) exams are complimentary, and both tests should be performed to examine any lesions found. The most critical component of treatment is the total surgical removal of all the cancerous tissue. Identifying and treating primary parapharyngeal space (PPS) tumors are among the most challenging tasks in the treatment of head and neck cancer. They are also among the most aggressive ones. The primary goal of this study is to review our current knowledge at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, which serves as an academic tertiary referral center and a major teaching center. We will focus on clinical findings, tumor structure, tumor histological distribution, and surgical approaches. Materials and Methods. The processing starts with two modules. The first module starts with the input images obtained from various patients and collected as a database. The second module starts with the collection of case series of nine patients undergoing excision via multiple different approaches: transoral, transcervical, transparotid, transmandibular, or infratemporal approach. All cases were conducted at King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between 2014 and 2018. All operative interventions were performed by an otolaryngology-head and neck surgeon. Results. Our study comprised nine patients, of which two underwent transparotid and seven transcervical and combined transcervical/transparotid approach. Complications faced included a hematoma in one of our cases. Conclusion. The transcervical approach appeared to be the superior surgical approach when facing a pleomorphic adenoma within the parapharyngeal space, arising from the deep lobe of the parotid gland or parapharyngeal space-occupying paraganglioma.
Tritonlike Molecules of Three Identical Baryons
Authors: Ma Li
Published: February 2022

In nuclear physics, triton and helium-3 nucleus can be understood as three-body hadronic molecules. Analogous to the loosely bound structures for the triton and helium-3 nucleus, whether there is a bound state formed by three hadrons leaves us an open issue. Based on the one-boson exchange model as well as the adoption of the variational approach, we make a comprehensive investigation on the tritonlike systems of three identical baryons

N
N
N

,

Λ
Λ
Λ

,

Ξ
Ξ
Ξ

, and

Σ
Σ
Σ

. We predict that the three-body molecular states for the systems of three identical hadrons of baryon octet are probably existent as long as their two-body subsystems have bound states. The numerical results of this work may be helpful for the theoretical and experimental researches on the trihadron molecules in future.
Comparative Study of Generalized Sum Graphs via Degree‐Based Topological Indices
Authors: Javaid Muhammad , Javed Saira , Bonyah Ebenezer
Published: February 2022

In theoretical chemistry, topological indices (TIs) have important role to predict various physical and structural properties of the study under molecular graphs. Among all topological indices, Zagreb‐type indices have been used more effectively in the chemical literature. In this paper, we have computed first Zagreb, second Zagreb, forgotten, and hyper Zagreb indices of the generalized Q‐sum graph in the form of different TIs of its basic graphs, where α ≥ 1 is a positive integer. This family of graphs is obtained by the lexicographic product of the graph Qα(H1) and H2, where Qα(H1) is constructed with the help of the generalized line superposition operation Qα on H1. As a conclusion, we also checked the correlation between predefined graph H1[H2] under the operation of lexicographic product H1 and H2 with newly defined generalized Q‐sum graphs using linear regression models of various degree‐based TIs.
Mixed Convective‐Radiative Dissipative Magnetized Micropolar Nanofluid Flow over a Stretching Surface in Porous Media with Double Stratification and Chemical Reaction Effects: ADM‐Padé Computation
Authors: Pattnaik P. K. , Bhatti M. M. , Mishra S. R. , Abbas Munawwar Ali , Bég O. Anwar
Published: February 2022

The present study deals with the electrically conducting micropolar nanofluid flow from a vertical stretching surface adjacent to a porous medium under a transverse magnetic field. Eringen’s micropolar model is deployed for non‐Newtonian characteristics and the Buongiorno nanofluid model employed for nanoscale effects (thermophoresis and Brownian motion). The model includes double stratification (thermal and solutal) and also chemical reaction effects, heat source, and viscous dissipation. Darcy’s model is employed for the porous medium and a Rosseland diffusion flux approximation for nonlinear thermal radiation. The nonlinear governing partial differential conservation equations are rendered into nonlinear ordinary differential equations via relevant transformations. An innovative semi‐numerical methodology combining the Adomian decomposition method (ADM) with Padé approximants and known as ADM‐Padé is deployed to solve the emerging nonlinear ordinary differential boundary value problem with appropriate wall and free stream conditions in MATLAB software. A detailed parametric study of the influence of key parameters on stream function, velocity, microrotation (angular velocity), temperature, and nanoparticle concentration profiles is conducted. Furthermore, skin friction coefficient, wall couple stress coefficient, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number are displayed in tables. The validation of both numerical techniques used, i.e., ADM and ADM‐Padé, against a conventional numerical 4th order Runge–Kutta method is also included and significant acceleration in convergence of solutions achieved with the ADM‐Padé approach. The flow is decelerated with greater buoyancy ratio parameter whereas microrotation (angular velocity) is enhanced. Increasing thermal and solutal stratification suppresses microrotation. Concentration magnitudes are boosted with greater chemical reaction parameter and Lewis number. Temperatures are significantly enhanced with radiative parameter. Increasing Brownian motion parameter depletes concentration values. The study finds applications in thermomagnetic coating processes involving nanomaterials with microstructural characteristics.
Praluzatamab Ravtansine, a CD166-Targeting Antibody–Drug Conjugate, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors: An Open-Label Phase I/II Trial
Authors: Boni Valentina , Fidler Mary J. , Arkenau Hendrik-Tobias , Spira Alexander , Meric-Bernstam Funda , Uboha Nataliya , Sanborn Rachel E. , Sweis Randy F. , LoRusso Patricia , Nagasaka Misako , Garcia-Corbacho Javier , Jalal Shadia , Harding James J. , Kim Stella K. , Miedema Iris H.C. , Vugts Danielle J. , Huisman Marc C. , Zwezerijnen Gerben J.C. , van Dongen Guus A.M.S. , Menke van der Houven van Oordt C. Willemien , Wang Song , Dang Tam , Zein Ivan A. , Vasiljeva Olga , Lyman Susan K. , Paton Virginia , Hannah Alison , Liu Joyce F.
Published: February 2022

Purpose:

Praluzatamab ravtansine (CX-2009) is a conditionally activated Probody drug conjugate (PDC) comprising an anti-CD166 mAb conjugated to DM4, with a protease-cleavable linker and a peptide mask that limits target engagement in normal tissue and circulation. The tumor microenvironment is enriched for proteases capable of cleaving the linker, thereby releasing the mask, allowing for localized binding of CX-2009 to CD166. CX-2009 was evaluated in a phase I/II clinical trial for patients with advanced solid tumors.

Patients and Methods:

Eligible patients had metastatic cancer receiving ≥2 prior treatments. CX-2009 was administered at escalating doses every 3 weeks (0.25–10 mg/kg) or every 2 weeks (4–6 mg/kg). Primary objective was to determine the safety profile and recommended phase II dose (RP2D).

Results:

Of 99 patients enrolled, the most prevalent subtype was breast cancer (n = 45). Median number of prior therapies was 5 (range, 1–19). Dose-limiting toxicities were observed at 8 mg/kg every 3 weeks and 6 mg/kg every 2 weeks. On the basis of tolerability, the RP2D was 7 mg/kg every 3 weeks. Tumor regressions were observed at doses ≥4 mg/kg. In the hormone receptor–positive/HER2-nonamplified breast cancer subset (n = 22), 2 patients (9%) had confirmed partial responses, and 10 patients (45%) had stable disease. Imaging with zirconium-labeled CX-2009 confirmed uptake in tumor lesions and shielding of major organs. Activated, unmasked CX-2009 was measurable in 18 of 22 posttreatment biopsies.

Conclusions:

CD166 is a novel, ubiquitously expressed target. CX-2009 is the first conditionally activated antibody–drug conjugate to CD166 to demonstrate both translational and clinical activity in a variety of tumor types.
Comparison of First-Line Anti-PD-1-Based Combination Therapies in Metastatic Renal-Cell Carcinoma: Real-World Experiences from a Retrospective, Multi-Institutional Cohort
Authors: Hoeh Benedikt , Schmucker Philipp , Klümper Niklas , Hahn Oliver , Zeuschner Philip , Banek Severine , Karakiewicz Pierre I. , Ellinger Jörg , Heinzelbecker Julia , Hölzel Michael , Strauß Arne , Zengerling Friedemann , Mattigk Angelika , Kalogirou Charis
Published: February 2022

Introduction: The aim of this study was to test for differences in overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates and toxicity in first-line immune checkpoint inhibition (IO) combination therapy in metastatic renal-cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients. Methods: Between November 2017 and April 2021, 104 patients with histologically confirmed mRCC from 6 tertiary referral centers with either IO + IO (nivolumab + ipilimumab, n = 68) or IO + tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) (pembrolizumab + axitinib, n = 36) were included. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses tested for OS and PFS differences. Results: Of 104 mRCC patients, 68 received IO + IO (65.4%) and 36 IO + TKI (34.6%) therapy, respectively. Median age was 67 years (interquartile range: 57–70.3). Patients receiving IO + TKI were less likely to be poor risk according to the International Metastatic Renal-Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium score (16.7 vs. 30.9%) and presented with lower T-stage, compared to IO + IO treated patients. Median PFS was 9.8 months (CI: 5.3–17.6) versus 12.3 months (CI: 7.7 – not reached) for IO + IO versus IO + TKI treatment, respectively (p = 0.22). Median OS was not reached, survival rates at 12 months being 73.9 versus 90.0% for IO + IO versus IO + TKI patients (p = 0.089). In subgroup analyses of elderly patients (≥70 years, n = 38), IO + TKI treatment resulted in better OS rates at 12 months compared to IO + IO (91.0 vs. 57.0%; p = 0.042). Conclusion: IO + IO and IO + TKI as first-line therapies in mRCC patients were both comparable as for the oncological outcome and toxicity.
Amaurosis Fugax: A Rare Oxaliplatin-Induced Ocular Toxicity – A Report of Three Cases
Authors: Tunio Mutahar Ali , Phillips Karen , Baker Peter
Published: February 2022

Oxaliplatin, a third-generation platinum-based agent, is a constitutive part of systemic treatment for colorectal cancer in adjuvant and metastatic settings. Ocular toxicity is an extremely rare adverse effect of Oxaliplatin. Ocular toxicities have been documented in the form of (a) common (≥1/100, <1/10) which include the conjunctivitis, unexpected lacrimation, blurry vision, blepharoptosis, and (b) uncommon (≥1/10,000, <1/1,000) which compromise the tunnel vision, idiosyncratic color perception, transient bilateral visual loss, and rarest phenomenon of Amaurosis fugax. Amaurosis fugax implies to any cause of transient, painless, unilateral visual loss; with the possible underlying mechanism of thrombo-embolic carotid plaque, hypoperfusion, or vasospasm of retinal vessels, due to hyperviscosity, and atherosclerotic vascular disease. To date, only a few case reports of Oxaliplatin-induced Amaurosis fugax have been published. We here-in report 3 cases who experienced Amaurosis fugax while receiving Oxaliplatin in our one of health board-based four hospitals.
CT and MRI Findings of Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor in the Bladder
Authors: Furukawa Yoshitaka , Kitajima Kazuhiro , Komoto Hisashi , Zenitani Masahiro , Oue Takaharu , Yokoyama Hiroyuki , Inao Yoshie , Yamasaki Takashi , Hirota Seiichi , Yamakado Koichiro
Published: February 2022

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of the urinary bladder is a rare soft tissue tumor characterized by spindle cell proliferation with inflammatory cell infiltration. We present a case of bladder IMT occurring in a 6-year-old boy. Pretreatment CT images depicted a polypoid and broad-based mass measuring 18 mm in the superior to the front wall of the bladder, and the mass showed isodensity on precontrast image and ring enhancement of the mass after the intravenous administration of contrast material. Pelvic MRI demonstrated the 18 × 17 × 16 mm broad-based mass, suggesting submucosal tumor in the dome of the bladder. The mass showed low-to-moderate signal intensity on T1-weighted images and slight high signal intensity on T2-weighted images and restricted diffusion with low signal intensity on ADC map and abnormal high signal intensity on DWI. Transurethral resection of the bladder tumor and partial cystectomy were undertaken, and the pathology revealed IMT of the bladder. We suggest its inclusion in the differential diagnosis of cases of a polypoid and broad-based mass on the superior wall or the front wall of the bladder with ring enhancement on contrast-enhanced CT and MRI.
Intracholecystic Papillary Neoplasm Localized to the Cystic Duct: A Case Report
Authors: Oishi Koichi , Ikeda Masahiro , Toyota Kazuhiro , Mandai Koichi , Takahashi Tadateru
Published: February 2022

Intracholecystic papillary neoplasm (ICPN) of the gallbladder is a premalignant lesion. An ICPN arising from the cystic duct is rare. A woman in her 60s exhibited dilatation of the common bile duct on computed tomography (CT) performed for screening of respiratory disease. The CT revealed an enhancing mass, 3.3 cm in diameter, in the cystic duct. Endoscopic ultrasonography showed a well-demarcated, hyperechoic mass in the dilated cystic duct. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography showed that the common bile duct was slightly retracted by the dilated cystic duct. Cytological analysis of the bile juice did not show any evidence of malignancy. She was diagnosed with a cystic bile duct tumor suggestive of ICPN. Cholecystectomy, resection of the extrahepatic bile duct, and lymph node dissection were performed. Macroscopically, the papillary-proliferated tumor was localized to the cystic duct. No critical lesions were evident in the common bile duct. Histologically, the tumor in the cystic duct showed intraluminal growth with a papillary configuration without malignancy. Based on these findings, the tumor was diagnosed as an ICPN. We encountered a rare case of ICPN localized to the cystic duct of the gallbladder.
Spontaneous Corneal Graft Reattachment Following Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty in Prone Position: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Tsuneya Miki , Toyono Tetsuya , Kitamoto Kohdai , Usui Tomohiko , Yamagami Satoru , Aihara Makoto , Miyai Takashi
Published: February 2022

Graft detachment after Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) is usually managed with air-bubbling. However, it is an invasive procedure, which can cause corneal endothelial reduction, and requires hospitalization and supine position maintenance. Only few case reports on graft reattachment in the prone position exist, and this is the first report from Japan. An 87-year-old woman presented with sudden pain in her left eye. Examination of her left eye showed a best-corrected vision of 20/50, shallow anterior chamber, cataractous lens, central corneal thickness (CCT) of 630 μm, and corneal endothelial cell count of 467 cells/mm2. She was diagnosed with left-eye bullous keratopathy due to primary angle closure, and DSAEK was performed after cataract surgery. Post-surgery, she touched her left eye due to agitation. Graft adhesion was good until postoperative day 4; however, a partial detachment was observed on day 12. She was instructed to remain in a prone position for as long as possible; on day 22, the graft was reattached, and the CCT improved to 555 μm. Since then, the graft adhesion has been maintained, and her best-corrected vision has improved to 20/30. To date, 5 cases of graft reattachment in the prone position have been reported, with reattachment observed in all cases within 10 days from the onset of detachment, including this case. Re-bubbling is an effective technique; however, it is invasive and may cause additional corneal endothelial loss. Therefore, it may be beneficial to have the patient initially attempt the prone position for reattachment.
Anti-BCMA-CAR-T-Zell-Therapie bei einem Patienten mit rezidiviertem und refraktärem Multiplen Myelom nach einer COVID-19-Infektion: ein Fallbericht
Authors: Madduri D. , Parekh S. , Campbell T.B. , Neumann F. , Petrocca F. , Jagannath S.
Published: February 2022

Hintergrund: Über das Risiko einer Virusinfektion mit dem schweren akuten Atemwegssyndrom Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) bei Krebspatienten, von denen viele immungeschwächt und damit anfälliger für eine Vielzahl von Infektionen sind, ist sehr wenig bekannt. Als Vorsichtsmaßnahme haben viele klinische Studien während der ersten Welle der weltweiten Pandemie des neuartigen Coronavirus (COVID-19) die Aufnahme von Patienten pausiert. In diesem Fallbericht beschreiben wir die erfolgreiche Behandlung eines Patienten mit rezidiviertem und refraktärem Multiplem Myelom (MM), der unmittelbar nach der klinischen Genesung von COVID-19 mit einer chimären Antigenrezeptor (CAR)-T-Zelltherapie mit Anti-B-Zellreifungsantigen (BCMA) behandelt wurde. Fallvorstellung: Der 57-jährige weiße männliche Patient war seit 4 Jahren an MM erkrankt und galt bei der Vorstellung zur CAR-T-Zelltherapie als pentarefraktär. Er hatte eine Immunsuppression in seiner medizinischen Vorgeschichte und er erhielt am Tag vor der COVID-19-Diagnose eine Dosis lymphdepletierender Chemotherapie (LDC). Dieser Patient konnte eine erhebliche Immunantwort gegen das SARS-CoV-2-Virus aufbauen, und antivirale Antikörper bleiben auch 2 Monate nach Erhalt einer Anti-BCMA-CAR-T-Zelltherapie noch nachweisbar. Die kürzliche SARS-CoV-2-Infektion bei diesem Patienten führte nicht zu einer Exazerbation des CAR-T-assoziierten Zytokin-Freisetzungssyndroms (CRS) und umgekehrt führte die CAR-T-Zelltherapie nicht zu Komplikationen im Zusammenhang mit COVID-19. Einen Monat nach der CAR-T-Zell-Infusion wurde bei dem Patienten ein unbestätigtes partielles Ansprechen nach den Kriterien der International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) festgestellt. Schlussfolgerung: Unser Fall liefert einen wichtigen Kontext für die Wahl der Behandlung von MM-Patienten in Zeiten von COVID-19 sowie für die Frage, ob die CAR-T-Therapie auch bei Patienten verabreicht werden kann, die von COVID-19 genesen sind. Da die COVID-19-Pandemie weltweit anhält, ist eine umfangreiche Diskussion über die Entscheidung, ob mit der CAR-T-Zelltherapie fortgefahren werden soll, erforderlich, wobei die potenziellen Risiken und Vorteile der Therapie gegeneinander abgewogen werden müssen. Dieser Fall legt nahe, dass es möglich ist, die Anti-BCMA-CAR-T-Zelltherapie nach der Genesung von COVID-19 erfolgreich abzuschließen. Die Studie CRB-402 wurde am 6. September 2017 bei clinicaltrials.gov registriert (NCT03274219).
Patient-reported Outcome Measures: E-Health Anwendungen stoßen auf große Zustimmung
Authors: Zimmermann Tanja
Published: February 2022

Patient-reported outcome measures obtained via E-Health tools ease the assessment burden and encourage patient participation in cancer care (PaCC Study) Background: E-health based patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) have the potential to automate early identification of both nutrition status and distress status in cancer patients while facilitating treatment and encouraging patient participation. This cross-sectional study assessed the acceptability, accuracy, and clinical utility of PROMs collected via E-Health tools among patients undergoing treatment for stomach, colorectal, and pancreatic tumors. Results: Eight-nine percent mostly, or completely, agreed that PROMs via tablets should be integrated in routine clinical care. Men were significantly more likely to require help completing the questionnaires than women (inv.OR = 0.51, 95% CI = (0.27, 0.95), p = 0.035). The level of help needed increased by 3% with each 1-year increase in age (inv. OR = 1.03, 95% CI = (1.01, 1.06), p = 0.013). On average, a patient tended to declare weight which was 0.84 kg inferior to their true weight (Bland and Altman 95 % CI = (–3.9, 5.6); SD: 2.41) and a height which was 0.95 cm superior to their true height (Bland and Altman 95 % CI = (–5, 3.1); SD 2.08). Patient-reported nutrition status was significantly associated with the professionally generated assessment (95% CI = (2.27, 4.15), p < 0.001). As nutrition status declined, the distress score increased (95%CI = (0.88, 1.68), p < 0.001). Of the patients, 48.8% who were both distressed and malnourished requested supportive care to address their problems. Conclusion: Patient-reported assessments utilizing E-health tools are an accurate and efficient method to encourage patient participation in cancer care while simultaneously ensuring that regular assessment of psycho-social and nutritional aspects of care are efficiently integrated in the daily clinical routine.
Kishenehna prima, a new genus and species of darner dragonfly (Odonata, Aeshnidae, Gomphaeschninae) from the early middle Eocene Kishenehn Formation of Montana, USA
Authors: ARCHIBALD S. BRUCE , CANNINGS ROBERT A. , GREENWALT DALE E.
Published: February 2022

We describe the darner dragonfly Kishenehna prima n. gen. and sp. (Odonata, Aeshnidae, Gomphaeschninae) based on a well-preserved, nearly complete female hind wing from the Lutetian Coal Creek Member of the Kishenehn Formation, northwestern Montana, USA. Kishenehna is morphologically close to the late Paleocene genus Alloaeschna Wighton & Wilson of Alberta, Canada. This is the first dragonfly (Anisoptera) described from the Kishenehn Formation and the first from the Lutetian of the Western Hemisphere.
The Myth of Cleveland Abbe: A Review of a Manufactured History of the Creation of the National Weather Service
Authors: Romano Gregory F. , Uccellini Louis W. , Stremikis John R.
Published: February 2022

For more than a century, Cleveland Abbe was placed on a pedestal as meteorology’s solitary leader. Lauded by power brokers within the developing U.S. meteorological community, directors of the Weather Bureau (predecessor to today’s National Weather Service), and the American Meteorological Society, he was cited by many as the father of what is now the NWS, its first director, and issuer of its first forecast. However, a historiographical review of the literature that established the Abbe legend presented here shows the image held of Abbe today was actively manufactured; written, and supported by Abbe himself, his family, the Weather Bureau, and others within the AMS. We show that Abbe’s role in the creation of the nation’s first federal weather service was elevated while the contributions of others were actively downplayed. The latter applies particularly to Increase Lapham, who worked for two decades to demonstrate how a 24-h forecast of events could be generated from the collection and analysis of surface data, and whose active solicitation of Congressman Halbert Paine ultimately led to the creation of the first national weather service within the U.S. Army Signal Service on 9 February 1870. This paper is provided to shed a clearer light on those who contributed to the creation of what is now called the National Weather Service, which recently celebrated its 150th anniversary, and offer insights into how the Abbe myth was sustained as the AMS celebrated its anniversaries at 25-yr intervals over its 100-yr history.
Indian Monsoon Teleconnections and the Impact of Correcting Tropical Diabatic Heating
Authors: Swenson Erik T. , Straus David M. , Das Debanjana
Published: February 2022

The Indian summer monsoon is partly modulated by persistent remote forcing from the tropical Indo-Pacific, evident in the dominant observed teleconnection patterns, namely, El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the equatorial Indian Ocean Oscillation (EQUINOO). In the atmosphere, these teleconnections are presumably driven by diabatic heating, primarily associated with the release of latent heat in condensation with rainfall. However, in coupled atmosphere–ocean models, biases result in large systematic errors in tropical heating. This study seeks to understand the extent that teleconnections are forced by tropical heating and whether or not correcting tropical heating biases improves monsoon prediction skill. We examine a series of reforecasts made with the NCEP Climate Forecast System version 2 in which the “added heating” technique is applied to largely remove tropical heating biases. We isolate the ENSO and EQUINOO signals and examine the ability to reproduce and predict these teleconnections in the model run with and without tropical heating correction. Improving ENSO and EQUINOO-related heating does result in increased prediction skill in monsoon circulation teleconnection patterns. Prediction of other relevant tropical and subtropical circulation indices is improved; however, the impact on the Indian monsoon as a whole is limited. EQUINOO exhibits large internal variability in the model, and despite imposing realistic EQUINOO heating, the monsoon circulation is relatively insensitive in the model. This suggests that either the EQUINOO teleconnection in nature does not emerge as a forced response to tropical heating, and/or the model is unable to reproduce the relationship due to separate deficiencies.

Significance Statement

India receives over 80% of its annual rainfall during the summer in association with the monsoon. A strong socioeconomic dependence on agriculture makes India sensitive to year-to-year variations in monsoon rainfall, thus predicting and understanding such variations is of great value. Coincident changes in tropical atmospheric heating (and cooling) may be more predictable and presumably impact the monsoon; however, causality has yet to be demonstrated and quantified, particularly for the tropical Indian Ocean. This motivates our modeling study to diagnose the role of tropical heating for the Indian monsoon and whether or not correcting heating errors improves monsoon prediction.
Entrainment in a Simulated Supercell Thunderstorm. Part II: The Influence of Vertical Wind Shear and General Effects upon Precipitation
Authors: Jo Enoch , Lasher-Trapp Sonia
Published: February 2022

Supercell thunderstorms can produce heavy precipitation, and an improved understanding of entrainment may help to explain why. In Part I of this series, various mechanisms of entrainment were identified in the rotating stage of a single simulated supercell thunderstorm. The current study examines the strength and effectiveness of these mechanisms as a function of the environmental vertical wind shear in eight different supercell simulations. Entrainment is calculated directly as fluxes of air over the surface of the storm core; tracers are used to assess the resulting dilution of the moistest air ingested by the storm. Model microphysical rates are used to compare the impacts of entrainment on the efficiency of condensation/deposition of water vapor on hydrometeors within the core, and ultimately, upon precipitation production. Results show that the ascending “ribbons” of horizontal vorticity wrapping around the updraft contribute more to entrainment with increasing vertical wind shear, while turbulent eddies on the opposite side of the updraft contribute less. The storm-relative airstream introduces more low-level air into the storm core with increasing vertical wind shear. Thus, the total entrainment increases with increasing vertical wind shear, but the fractional entrainment decreases, yielding an increase in undiluted air within the storm core. As a result, the condensation efficiency within the storm core also increases with increasing vertical wind shear. Due to the increase in hydrometeors detrained aloft and the resulting enhanced evaporation as they fall, the precipitation efficiency evaluated using surface rainfall decreases with increasing vertical wind shear, as found in past studies.
Wind-Forced Variability of the Zonal Overturning Circulation
Authors: Spall Michael A.
Published: February 2022

The mechanisms of wind-forced variability of the zonal overturning circulation (ZOC) are explored using an idealized shallow water numerical model, quasigeostrophic theory, and simple analytic conceptual models. Two wind-forcing scenarios are considered: midlatitude variability in the subtropical/subpolar gyres and large-scale variability spanning the equator. It is shown that the midlatitude ZOC exchanges water with the western boundary current and attains maximum amplitude on the same order of magnitude as the Ekman transport at a forcing period close to the basin-crossing time scale for baroclinic Rossby waves. Near the equator, large-scale wind variations force a ZOC that increases in amplitude with decreasing forcing period such that wind stress variability on annual time scales forces a ZOC ofO(50) Sv (1 Sv ≡ 106m3s−1). For both midlatitude and low-latitude variability the ZOC and its related heat transport are comparable to those of the meridional overturning circulation. The underlying physics of the ZOC relies on the influences of the variation of the Coriolis parameter with latitude on both the geostrophic flow and the baroclinic Rossby wave phase speed as the fluid adjusts to time-varying winds.

Significance Statement

The purpose of this study is to better understand how large-scale winds at mid- and low latitudes move water eastward or westward, even in the deep ocean that is not in direct contact with the atmosphere. This is important because these currents can shift where heat is stored in the ocean and if it might be released into the atmosphere. It is shown that large-scale winds can drive rapid cross-basin transports of water masses, especially so at low latitudes. The present results provide a guide on what controls this motion and highlight the importance of large-scale ocean waves on the water movement and heat storage.
Negotiating Incomplete Autonomy: Portraits from Three School Principals
Authors: Kim Taeyeon , Weiner Jennie
Published: February 2022

Purpose: This study builds on research scrutinizing school autonomy in policy and school governance by shifting the focus from a formal structural view of autonomy to examining how principals negotiate autonomy in their daily work. Drawing on multiple dimensions of autonomy and street-level bureaucracy, this study examined how principals, as both professionals and bureaucrats, work to expand and strategize their autonomy in practice. Research Methods/Approach: We used portraiture to document and interpret the experience and perspectives of three principals at urban, suburban, and rural PK-12 traditional public schools in the Midwest of US during the 2018–2019 school year. Findings: Principals faced a “bounded” or “partial” autonomy in which they had to constantly negotiate their individual autonomy (e.g., how they spent their time on any given day) with institutional autonomy (e.g., the demands of the role via external expectations). The findings show the ways participants utilized institutional autonomy to support individual autonomy and dealt with the boundaries of their autonomy. While these strategies gave them a bit more “control” over decision-making, they also often resulted in overwork and/or conflict with district priorities. Implications for Research and Practice: Detailed portraits offer key insights for rethinking school autonomy with multiple dimensions intersected in leadership practice. Findings yield knowledge regarding how to best support districts and school leaders in creating greater alignment between institutional and individual demands, thus increasing the likelihood that autonomy, as an improvement strategy, can be effective.
Sudden death of a post-partum female with anomalous origin of the coronary artery with bicuspid aortic valve
Authors: Thube Harshal R , Sane Mandar R
Published: February 2022

Modern techniques have enabled routine diagnosis of congenital cardiac defects, notwithstanding, there will be some that remain undiagnosed and asymptomatic until adulthood. But this is rarely the case with the patent foramen ovale, with the anomalous aortic origin of the left main coronary artery and bicuspid aortic valve. This case describes the sudden death of a female in her post-partum period due to cardiac tamponade following a ruptured aneurysm of the coronary artery at its origin at the sinus of Valsalva. Autopsy shows patent foramen ovale findings and anomalous aortic origin of coronary artery (AAOCA) and bicuspid aortic valve. The association of AAOCA with bicuspid aortic valve and patent foramen ovale is rare.
Forensic implications of fingerprint verification failure among people with skin diseases
Authors: Alotaibi Leyan A , Alblaies Maha F , Alghamdi Nada H , AlNujaidi Rasha Y , Alali Sara A , Menezes Ritesh G
Published: February 2022

Fingerprint analysis is one of the earliest and most commonly used methods of personal identification by police and forensic scientists at crime scenes. It has two key advantages: permanence and uniqueness. However, some skin diseases like eczema, psoriasis and viral exanthems can hinder the process of analysis and thwart identification; so it is important to recognise the effects a skin condition may have on fingerprint identification. The aim of this narrative review is to provide an overview of common skin diseases that are associated with fingerprint recognition failures as well as to recapitulate the forensic implications.
Letter Writing as a Clinical Tool in Grief Psychotherapy
Authors: Larsen Lene Holm
Published: February 2022

The benefits of expressive writing have been explored since at least the 1980s. The effect of expressive bereavement-related writing has been studied primarily in college students, yielding inconclusive results. Nonetheless, recent effective, integrated psychotherapy protocols, targeting complicated and prolonged grief, include writing assignments, typically in the form of letters. The present paper explores how and why letter writing might be effective and meaningful as a therapeutic tool in the context of grief psychotherapy. It describes how working with letters, addressed to the deceased, might help facilitate self-disclosure, promote exposure to what is avoided, confront unfinished business, encourage continuing bonds, and help achieve a coherent narrative around experiences with the loss. As a therapeutic tool, letter writing has the potential to be helpful to many bereaved people, as it is a simple, effective, and meaningful way to access and work with relevant clinical material in the context of psychotherapy.
Primary mesenteric gastrointestinal stromal tumour with concomitant mesenteric tuberculosis: Careful histopathology is essential
Authors: Phiza Aggarwal , Gurpinder Saini , Simrandeep Singh , Sushma Bhardwaj
Published: February 2022

Gastro-inestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) comprise 1–2% of all gastrointestinal (GI) tumours. The mesentery, retroperitoneum and omentum are common sites of extra-gastrointestinal stromal tumours (E-GISTs). Isolated involvement of the mesentery by tuberculosis (TB) without any evidence of pulmonary disease is quite unusual. Here we report a case of an E-GIST arising from the small bowel mesentery in a 60-year old female where an incidental concurrent mesenteric tuberculosis was diagnosed following surgical resection.
Authoritarian leadership: Is democracy in peril?
Authors: Shaw Spencer
Published: February 2022

Classical leadership models have insistently reinforced the notion of leader-centric rule. Business models focus on strong leadership, definitive decision-making and charismatic figures. Authoritarian leadership is the foundation upon which other models are based. However, the adoption of Charismatic Leadership and Great Man theory puts into relief the tendency within democratic rule towards fascist and populist ideology. Many leading philosophers and political scientists lend support to authoritarian rule. This tendency is not always apparent in democratic theory, indeed it is counter-intuitive, but from a critical perspective, we are forced to ask whether there is not something within democracy which invites authoritarianism and harbours the seed of fascism.
Experienced workload, stress, and coping among professional students in higher music education: An explanatory mixed methods study in Finland and the United Kingdom
Authors: Jääskeläinen Tuula , López-Íñiguez Guadalupe , Lehikoinen Kai
Published: February 2022

Proactive coping styles may help students deal with their study workload and stress in healthier ways. In this explanatory mixed methods study, data were gathered among professional students in higher music education in Finland and the United Kingdom about their experiences of workload, stress, and proactive coping. Bivariate analyses were used to explore prevalence of study workload, stress, and seven proactive coping styles among genders, levels of degree, genre groups, and study programs, and investigate whether stress is predicted by study workload and proactive coping styles. Music students’ lived experiences were analyzed to find the determinants of their workload, stress, and coping. Results indicate significant differences between genders and study programs and specific concerns for music students, such as working alongside studying and physical and psychological problems. Higher music education institutions can utilize this evidence to better support music students in their studies and professional careers.
Till Death Do Us Part: Laborers’ Marriage Practices in Late Victorian New Zealand
Authors: Blondell Delwyn
Published: February 2022

What happened to marriage patterns within the British Empire's colonies where more opportunity existed for breaks with past norms? This paper, drawn from research into a group of laborers known as Brogdens’ Navvies who emigrated to New Zealand in 1872 and 1873, argues that working people conformed with social expectations around marriage until legal and economic constraints forced them into alternative forms of relationships. Additionally, communities were sometimes more flexible and accepting of arrangements than legal strictures and prescriptions might suggest. From 1898 onward, law changes that legalized marriage breakdown and allowed remarriage seem to have reduced the need for alternatives.
Help-Seeking Behaviors Among Older Adults: A Scoping Review
Authors: Teo Kelly , Churchill Ryan , Riadi Indira , Kervin Lucy , Wister Andrew V. , Cosco Theodore D.
Published: February 2022

Although older adults may experience health challenges requiring increased care, they often do not ask for help. This scoping review explores the factors associated with the help-seeking behaviors of older adults, and briefly discusses how minority ethnic populations can face additional challenges in help-seeking, due to factors such as language barriers and differing health beliefs. Guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review framework and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-AnalysesScoping Review guidelines, a systematic search of five databases was conducted. Using a qualitative meta-synthesis framework, emergent themes were identified. Data from 52 studies meeting inclusion criteria were organized into five themes: formal and informal supports, independence, symptom appraisal, accessibility and awareness, and language, alternative medicine and residency. Identifying how factors, including independence and symptom appraisal, relate to older adults’ help-seeking behaviors may provide insights into how this population can be supported to seek help more effectively.
Culture in the Space of Late Capitalism: The Artist and the Market
Authors: Bulavka-Buzgalina Lyudmila
Published: February 2022

Taking as the main objects of study cultural expanse, artistic creativity and viewing it through the prism of socio-philosophical problems, the author describes the increasing subordination of culture to the market and capital as the evolution of modern society goes ahead, and sets out the reasons for this development. This subordination becomes most intensive as a result of the expansion of the total market for simulacra that is, of the system that is becoming dominant in the world during the 21st century. The market becomes total to the extent that not only the economy, this process transforms co-creativity of people into alienated market relations.The opposite aspect, that of dealienation, co-creativity and unalienated dialogue (Batishchev, Bakhtin) comprises the innate essence of culture, and through preserving the world-wide unity of culture, acts as an alternative to the growing alienation.