bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aplikasi Kimia Koordinasi dalam Katalisis untuk Tren Saat Ini dan Arah Masa Depan: Tinjauan
Authors: Pardi Hilfi , Meilinda Reza , Ningsih Putri Amelia , Anggraini Dian
Published: April 2024

Dunia terus mengalami kemajuan yang semakin pesat setiap tahunnya dalam berbagai bidang, baik dalam bidang kesehatan, industri, katalisis, pertanian, farmasi maupun bidang-bidang lainnya. Pada dasarnya kimia merupakan salah satu ilmu yang berperan dalam kemajuan teknologi pada tren saat ini dan arah masa depan dunia. Kimia koordinasi (kimia kompleks) adalah salah satu ilmu kimia yang banyak digunakan dalam penelitian untuk menghasilkan suatu teknologi baru yang akan berguna bagi masa depan dunia. Tulisan ini dibuat dengan tujuan untuk meringkas penelitian terdahulu yang telah dilakukan agar mempermudah pembaca dan untuk menambah wawasan tentang aplikasi kimia koordinasi dalam katalisis untuk tren saat ini dan arah masa depan. Tinjauan penelitian ini menggunakan metode komperatif dengan mengumpulkan berbagai sumber menggunakan database dari google scholar dan pubmed baik jurnal nasional maupun internasional. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa prinsip kimia koordinasi dalam katalisis sangat banyak digunakan dalam penelitian untuk menciptakan teknologi baru yang menjanjikan untuk masa sekarang dan masa yang akan datang.
Strategies for Effective Degradation of Methyl Orange Dye in Aqueous Solution via Electrochemical Treatment with Copper/Graphite Electrodes
Authors: Oguzie Kanayo , Anyanwu John , Enyia Onyinyechi , Anene Chikwado , Vrsalović Ladislav , Oguzie Emeka
Published: April 2024

This study investigated the electrochemical degradation of methyl orange dye (MO) in aqueous solution using copper/graphite electrodes as anode and cathode respectively. The process parameters such as electrolyte concentrations, current density, pH and temperature were analyzed. The results proved that copper/graphite electrodes were effective for MO degradation and the reaction followed the first-order kinetic model. The degradation efficiency decreased with increasing MO concentration and increased steadily with current density. The pH trend with degradation efficiency was pH 9 (98%) > pH 7 (96%) > pH 3 (77%) after 70 min of electrolysis time, which shows that the alkaline conditions favoured the degradation process. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy confirmed the dye degradation process, with the formation of degradation intermediates. The FTIR results revealed that the oxidative degradation of MO may be initiated at the N=N azo bond, which was confirmed by quantum chemical modelling of the electronic structure parameters of MO.
Analyzing and building information resources to support decision making in educational systems
Authors: Pavlicheva E. N.
Published: April 2024

The author discusses the analysis and building of information resources for decision-making systems and efficient business processes management within the framework of the operating digital twin of educational institution. She reviews the general approaches to building the knowledge bases of the decision-making systems, and identifies the factors to be taken into account when building the databases. The author discusses literature analysis and monitoring tools, analyzes the publication activity in science periodicals and provides the data of sematic charts monitoring separately for 2015 and 2020 in several areas: education computerization, continuing education, education digitalization, remote learning systems, digital courses, digital education, electronic libraries, information and communication technologies, massive open online courses and virtual education. The data of Web of Science were used. The semantic charts are built on the basis of co-occurence of scholarly sources keywords using VOSviewer software that extracts terms from abstracts and article keywords and adding them to the entity
A phase I study of pevonedistat, azacitidine, and venetoclax in patients with relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Murthy Guru Subramanian Guru , Saliba Antoine N. , Szabo Aniko , Harrington Alexandra , Abedin Sameem , Carlson Karen , Michaelis Laura , Runaas Lyndsey , Baim Arielle , Hinman Alex , Maldonado-Schmidt Sonia , Venkatachalam Annapoorna , Flatten Karen S. , Peterson Kevin L. , Schneider Paula A. , Litzow Mark , Kaufmann Scott H. , Atallah Ehab
Published: April 2024

Azacitidine/venetoclax is an active regimen in patients with newly diagnosed AML. However, primary or secondary resistance to azacitidine/venetoclax is an area of unmet need and overexpression of MCL-1 is suggested to be a potential resistance mechanism. Pevonedistat inhibits MCL-1 through activation of NOXA, and pevonedistat/azacitidine has previously shown activity in AML. To assess the tolerability and efficacy of adding pevonedistat to azacitidine/venetoclax in relapsed/refractory AML, we conducted a phase I multicenter openlabel study in 16 adults with relapsed/refractory AML. Patients were treated with azacitidine, venetoclax along with pevonedistat intravenously on days 1, 3 and 5 of each 28-day cycle at 10, 15 or 20 mg/m2 in successive cohorts in the dose escalation phase. The impact of treatment on protein neddylation as well as expression of pro-apoptotic BCL2 family members was assessed. The recommended phase II dose of pevonedistat was 20 mg/m2. Grade 3 or higher adverse events included neutropenia (31%), thrombocytopenia (13%), febrile neutropenia (19%), anemia (19%), hypertension (19%) and sepsis (19%). The overall response rate was 46.7% for the whole cohort including complete remission (CR) in 5 of 7 (71.4%) patients who were naïve to the hypomethylating agent/venetoclax. No measurable residual disease (MRD) was detected in 80.0% of the patients who achieved CR. The median time to best response was 50 (range: 23 – 77) days. Four patients were bridged to allogeneic stem cell transplantation. The combination of azacitidine, venetoclax and pevonedistat is safe and shows encouraging preliminary activity in patients with relapsed/refractory AML. (NCT04172844).
Pelvik inflamatuar hastalık risk faktörleri ve korunma yöntemleri
Authors: Taş Özlem , Gençtürk Nuran
Published: April 2024

Pelvik inflamatuar hastalık, endojen servikovajinal mikroorganizmaların serviksten uterusa doğru ilerlemesi sonucu enfeksiyonun, üst genital sisteme yayılması ile ortaya çıkmaktadır. Pelvik inflamatuar hastalık vakalarının çoğunluğu cinsel yolla bulaşan bir enfeksiyonla ilişkilidir. Chlamydia Trachomatis ve Neisseria Gonorrhoeae cinsel yolla bulaşan enfeksiyonlar içerisinde pelvik inflamatuar hastalığa neden olan en yaygın patojenlerdir. Pelvik inflamatuar hastalık bakteriyel vajinoz gibi cinsel yolla bulaşmayan enfeksiyonlardan da kaynaklanabilir. En sık 15 ila 25 yaş arası kadınlarda görülmektedir. Hastalığın belirti ve bulguları hafif seyredebilir veya asemptomatik olabilir. Bu nedenle de geç tespit edilebilmektedir. Zamanında tespit edilemediğinde gelişen başlıca sorunlar kronik pelvik ağrı, infertilite ve ektopik gebeliktir. Bu nedenle pelvik inflamatuar hastalık tanısına katkıda bulunabilecek risk faktörlerini bilmek tanının daha erken konulmasına yardımcı olabilir. Güncel literatür doğrultusunda hazırlanan bu derlemenin amacı pelvik inflamatuar hastalık risk faktörlerini bilerek bu hastalıktan korunmanın sağlanmasıdır.
Pesantren dan Ekosistem Halal Value Chain
Authors: Muhamad Wildan Fawaid
Published: April 2024

Halal Lifestyle merupakan kewajiban bagi setiap muslim yang memiliki iman dan kesalehan. Tidak cukup hanya mengatakannya, tetapi harus diwujudkan dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Pesantren sebagai Lembaga Pendidikan Islam memiliki peran yang luar biasa untuk menjadikan Indonesia sebagai negara dengan industri halal terbesar di dunia. Indonesia di kancah dunia dikenal sebagai negara dengan mayoritas Muslim, namun menurut Indeks Ekonomi Global, industri halal lebih rendah dari Malaysia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif analitis, yaitu metode yang berfungsi untuk mendeskripsikan atau memberikan gambaran suatu objek yang sedang diteliti melalui data atau sampel yang telah dikumpulkan apa adanya. Pesantren dapat mengambil bagian dalam ekosistem halal value chain dengan mengembangkan potensi yang dimiliki pesantren, seperti menggunakan perbankan syariah dalam transaksi keuangannya. Berpartisipasi dalam menghadirkan produk pangan halal dari pertanian dan peternakan terpadu serta dapat mengembangkan wisata religi. Selain itu, pemerintah Jawa Timur meluncurkan Program Satu Produk Satu Pesantren, sehingga pesantren memiliki sarana untuk bimbingan, monitoring dan evaluasi untuk mengembangkan kemandiriannya menjadi lebih baik. Hal ini sesuai dengan teori Ibnu Khaldun tentang negara yang baik adalah negara dengan produktivitas tinggi. Pesantren terbaik adalah sekolah dengan produktivitas tinggi yang mampu memberikan manfaat bagi siswa dan masyarakat sekitar
Identifikasi Penyakit Daun Jeruk Siam Menggunakan Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) dengan Arsitektur EfficientNet
Authors: Acarya Burhan Syarif , Muhaimin Amri , Hindrayani Kartika Maulida
Published: April 2024

Jeruk siam menjadi salah satu komoditas hortikultura yang memegang peranan utama dalam sektor pertanian Indonesia dengan jumlah produksi yang mencapai 2 juta ton setiap tahunnya. Namun, produksi jeruk siam rentan terhadap serangan hama dan penyakit, terutama pada bagian daun. Penyakit yang umum terjadi termasuk Blackspot Leaf, Canker Leaf, Greening Leaf, Powdery Mildew, dan Citrus Leafminer. Pada umunya identifikasi penyakit pada tanaman jeruk dilakukan secara manual sehingga penentuan penyakit cenderung subyektif. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan solusi otomatis dalam mendeteksi penyakit pada daun jeruk. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mengidentifikasi penyakit yang menyerang daun jeruk menggunakan metode deep learning yaitu CNN dengan arsitektur EfficientNetB3. Dataset yang digunakan adalah citra penyakit daun jeruk yang diambil langsung dari kebun jeruk yang dibagi menjadi 6 kelas seperti pada penyakit yang disebutkan di atas. Hasil penelitian menggunakan skenario epoch 10 dengan optimizer Adam memperoleh hasil akurasi terbaik yaitu 0,98 (98%).
Reconciling Tensions in the Analysis of Bourgeois Revolutions: A Critical Realist Approach
Authors: Kolasi Klevis
Published: April 2024

When and how do agents consciously reproduce or unconsciously transform social structures? This inquiry is pivotal for advancing a theory of socio-historical development, particularly in addressing a key debate within International Historical Sociology (IHS) surrounding modern revolutions. This debate revolves around the tension between the “consequentialist” interpretation of bourgeois revolutions and the “revisionist” critiques, notably from the “historicist” wing of Political Marxism (PM). This article contends that the tension arises from an inadequate conceptualization of the agent-structure relationship. Drawing on Roy Bhaskar’s transformational model of social activity (TMSA) and critical realist philosophy of science, the article proposes a conceptual framework reconciling PM’s focus on class struggle to understand the historical specificity of capitalism with the role bourgeois revolutions historically and structurally played for the development of capitalism. Integrating Bhaskar’s framework with historical materialism-inspired debates on bourgeois revolutions, the paper suggests that agents’ unconscious actions can transform social structures amid social disintegration (“classic bourgeois revolutions”). Conversely, agents consciously seek to preserve and reproduce social structures, as seen in “passive revolutions”. This occurs when social structures, marked by inequality and hierarchies, are viewed as historical constructs rather than natural phenomena, particularly in the context of uneven and combined development of capitalism. This analysis contributes to ongoing IHS debates, enriches our comprehension of modern revolutions, and extends TMSA by empirically delineating circumstances wherein agents consciously uphold or unwittingly trigger the transformation of social structures.
Improvement of regulatory and legal regulation in the field of execution of criminal penalties during the introduction of probation
Authors: Ermasov Evgenij
Published: April 2024

The Federal Law “On Probation in the Russian Federation” is considered in the article as part of the improvement of legal regulation in the field of execution of criminal penalties. The article analyzes the signs according to which the Law on Probation should be evaluated as a model law that creates a general probation system as a set of measures aimed at providing assistance to persons serving (having served) criminal sentences and finding themselves in a difficult life situation. The Law on Probation expands the field of penal enforcement law, as evidenced by the provisions establishing the list of persons to whom probation is applied, the organization and implementation of the functions of post-penitentiary probation by institutions of the penal enforcement system of Russia, the connection of the main directions of probation with means of correction. The implementation of the Law on Probation provides for the need to prepare separate regulatory legal acts (determined by the Apparatus of the Government of the Russian Federation), a list of which is given in the article. Their publication is aimed at implementing not only the provisions of the Law on Probation, but also the rights of convicts established in the Penal Enforcement Code of the Russian Federation, as well as conducting educational work with convicts. Thus, the introduction of the institute of probation and the publication of normative legal acts aimed at implementing the Law on Probation, simultaneously provides for the improvement of regulatory and legal regulation in the field of execution of criminal penalties.
The conditionality of criminal-legal counteraction to crimes with signs of extremist activity while ensuring the foundations of the constitutional system and the security of the state
Authors: Akhmetshin Ajrat
Published: April 2024

The article presents the author’s vision of one of the most pressing problems of modern criminal law and criminology – the conditionality of criminal legal counteraction to crimes with signs of extremist activity while ensuring the foundations of the constitutional system and the security of the state. The content of the concepts of «conditionality» and

«counteraction» is revealed. It is noted that the eternity and social variability of crime are signs that are the basis for creating the entire springboard of criminal law response, including promising, in the field of countering criminal forms of behavior burdened with the motive of hatred or enmity. The terminological tools formed in the doctrine are presented, revealing the content of the conditionality of countering crime, through such categories as: «social conditionality», «socio-legal conditionality», «socio-legal conditionality». It is proved that any format of conditionality of countering crime is aimed at establishing legally significant circumstances proving the public danger of an act, which constitute the basis for making a state-governmental decision to establish a particular criminal law prohibition. Within the framework of the conducted research, it is proposed to use a broader, collective concept – «conditionality of criminal legal counteraction to crimes with signs of extremist activity that encroach on the foundations of the constitutional system and the security of the state», its content is disclosed..
International Scientific and Practical Conference “Goals of punishment: criminal law, penal enforcement, criminological and other aspects (domestic and foreign experience)” (Amur State University, March 16-17, 2023)
Authors: Butenko Tatyana
Published: April 2024

On March 16-17, 2023, the International Scientific and Practical Conference

«Goals of punishment: criminal law, penal enforcement, criminological and other aspects (domestic and foreign experience)» was held for the first time at the Faculty of Law of Amur State University. The conference was an important event in a series of events dedicated to the 30th anniversary of the formation of the Faculty of Law. The format of the conference included discussion of various issues related to the appointment and execution of criminal penalties in the Russian Federation, the People’s Republic of China, the Republic of Belarus, the Republic of Kazakhstan and other countries.
Penitentiary conflictology is a new branch of knowledge (interview with Doctor of Law, Professor Alexey Petrovich Detkov)
Authors: Grushin Fedor
Published: April 2024

Penitentiary conflictology is a new branch of knowledge (interview with Doctor of Law, Professor Alexey Petrovich Detkov)
DESA BOJONG MURNI, MERAIH ASA MELALUI HARUMNYA MINYAK ATSIRI
Authors: Haris Helmi , Suarman Sudarsah Agus , Muliya Puti Ade , Ratna Ningsih Sri , Septiani Bunga , Aulia Rahmah Widia , Akim Restu , Hertiani Euis , Rachmasari Annisa
Published: April 2024

The Sadar Tani Muda Forest Farmer Group is engaged in trigona honey bee cultivation and agriculture, especially seasonal crops in the form of vegetable commodities and essential oil source plants, namely nutmeg, cloves, ginger, and citronella commodities. The problem is the unavailability of essential oil processing technology to process the harvest of residents, how to manage the management of the distillation business and marketing of essential oils. The purpose of the Village Innovation Ambassador Programme is to introduce essential oil distillation technology, provide guidance on farm business management for cultivating and processing essential oils, find marketing links for the essential oils produced, and support the MBKM Campus Merdeka Belajar programme, especially KPI 2 = Students get off-campus experience, KPI 3 = Lecturers have off-campus activities, and KPI 5 = Lecturers' work results are used by the community. The method of implementing community service uses several methods, namely socialisation, counseling, training, coaching and mentoring to the young farmer conscious forest farmer group of Bojong Murni Village, Ciawi-Bogor Regency. The results of community service activities are in the form of increased knowledge and information about essential oil distillation in the Young Farmer Conscious Forest Farmer Group and increased awareness so that they can prepare themselves for the establishment of home industry scale essential oil distillation in the following year.
EDUKASI REMAJA DALAM UPAYA PENCEGAHAN PERILAKU BULLYING DI MASYARAKAT
Authors: Faridah Eva Siti , Dewi Muttaqien Mustika , Ridwan Ahmad
Published: April 2024

Pengamat pendidikan mengatakan bahwa perundungan dan kekerasan di masyarakat masih merupakan “situasi darurat” di Indonesia, meskipun Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan mengeluarkan beberapa kebijakan untuk mencegah kekerasan di lingkungan pendidikan. jumlah kasus ini terus meningkat dan tidak menunjukkan tanda-tanda berkurang. Insiden perundungan paling banyak terjadi di sekolah, seperti peristiwa perundungan yang akhir akhir ini terjadi di SMA Binus Serpong di Tangerang, Provinsi Banten, serta sebuah SMP negeri di Kecamatan Japra Blora Jawa Tengah. Perundungan merupakan tindakan agresif yang dilakukan oleh individu atau kelompok yang memiliki tingkat pengakuan atau kekuasaan sosial yang tinggi terhadap individu atau kelompok yang tingkat pengakuan atau kekuasaan sosialnya rendah. Perilaku agresif perundungan merupakan perilaku kriminal dan korban merasa tidak berdaya, membuat depresi secara mental, bahkan mencoba bunuh diri.  Untuk meminimalisir korban perundungan dan mengurangi pelaku perundungan maka perlu adanya edukasi terhadap masyarakat terutama siswa atau remaja agar mengetahui bahwa perilaku tersebut merupakan kejahatan dan memberikan contoh untuk berperilaku baik dalam bersosialsiasi dengan teman temannya. Metode yang dilakukan edukasi pencegahan perundungan dengan tema “Stup Bullying, sekolah aman belajar nyaman” dengan metode ceramah, diskusi dan tanya jawab dan media yang digunakan menggunakan layar infokus. Perilaku perundungan atau bullying diminimalisir dan dicegah dengan mengadakan edukasi terhadap masyarakat terutama remaja. Narasumber yang terdiri dari tiga orang menjelaskan  tentang bahaya perilaku perundungan. Edukasi yang dilakukan dengan memberikan penyuluhan terhadap siswa SMP Muhammadiyah 2Depok dan menyisipkan materi edukasi perundungan pada Tausiyah yang disampaikan pada acara Isra Mi’Raj dimasyarakat. Dengan edukasi pencegahan perundungan ini meningkatkan kesadaran kepada masyarakat terutama siswa atau remaja untuk mencegah perilaku perudungan dan melindungi korban dengan melaporkan pelaku. Menanamkan sikap keperdulian sosial antar sesama teman baik dilingkungan sekolah dengan masyarakat.
PELATIHAN “HOW TO WRITE A WINNING SCHOLARSHIP ESSAY” DI SMAK TUNAS BANGSA LIPPO CIKARANG
Authors: Rosari Maria Dewi
Published: April 2024

The ability to write essays and speak English is the main qualification in the competition for scholarships and further study opportunities in the era of globalization. SMAK Tunas Bangsa Lippo Cikarang realizes the importance of this, especially for class XII students. In Indonesia, the increasing number of scholarship offers from the government and non-government organizations adds to the complexity of competition. However, not all applicants are successful due to inadequate essay writing and English skills. The "How to Write a Winning Scholarship Essay" course was designed as a response to this challenge. This training aims to provide effective essay writing skills and a wider English vocabulary. With a focus on writing structure and a persuasive point of view, this training prepares students to face academic challenges and competitive scholarships. The positive response from students and teachers shows the relevance of this training to the curriculum and the needs of students who will continue higher education and seek scholarships. Thus, investing in developing essay writing skills is a strategic step for SMAK Tunas Bangsa Lippo Cikarang students towards a successful and influential future.
LOKAKARYA PEMBUATAN MODUL AJAR KURIKULUM MERDEKA
Authors: Hidayati Istiqlaliah Nurul , Fitriana Annisa , Rahmatul Annisa Ervina , Purnamasari Mia , Rizal Muhammad , Yuni Safitri Novi , Febriana Sara , Agi Maulana Tansyah , Siti Nurhasanah Tia
Published: April 2024

The Independent Curriculum teaching module making workshop is a community service project led by PAKUAN University Pre-service Teacher Professional Education students, with the aim of participating in the successful implementation of the independent curriculum at SDIT Umar Bin Abdul Aziz in providing special training in making teaching modules for the school's teachers. The workshop was held on 7 February and 30 May 2023 and was attended by 16 teachers of SDIT Umar Bin Abdul Aziz. This workshop project was carried out through a training method which was divided into 5 stages, namely the stages of problem identification, implementation, evaluation, documentation and reporting. The core activities of the workshop were arranged using the MERDEKA flow (starting from self, concept exploration, collaboration space, contextual demonstration, elaboration of understanding, connection between materials, real action) so that participants were more interactive during the activity process. At the end of the activity, participants took real action, namely direct practice in making teaching modules accompanied by resource persons so that the product of the results of this teaching module making workshop activity was a teaching module made directly by the participants of the SDIT Umar Bin Abdul Aziz teachers.
Importancia de la disponibilidad de alternativas forrajeras para la alimentación de ganado bovino
Authors: Osorio-Giraldo Jhon Fredy , Calderón-Bedoya Verónica , López-de-Mesa Octavio , Restrepo-Berrio David
Published: April 2024

La alimentación en la producción ganadera, juega un papel fundamental teniendo en cuenta que es fuente de obtención de nutrientes por parte del animal, para poder desarrollar sus actividades biológicas diarias y además poder transformarlos fisiológicamente en los diferentes productos de interés en las actividades pecuarias. La base de la alimentación de los bovinos en los países tropicales son las gramíneas de pastoreo, que se caracterizan por  proveer una base de nutrientes para el animal. Gracias a su resistencia, las gramíneas históricamente han sido la principal fuente de alimentación bovina, pero deben trabajarse en su calidad para optimizar los resultados en los ejercicios productivos, y además deben realizarse esfuerzos para garantizar su disponibilidad constante principalmente en las épocas de escases, por lo cual deben promoverse estrategias de almacenamiento como la henificación. Debe pensarse adicionalmente en métodos de manejo que permitan disponer de alternativas forrajeras de calidad como lo son los sistemas silvopastoriles. Feeding in livestock production plays a fundamental role, taking into account that it is a source of obtaining nutrients for the animal, in order to develop its daily biological activities and also to be able to physiologically transform them into the different products of interest in livestock activities. . The basis of the diet of bovines in tropical countries are grazing grasses, which are characterized by their provision of a nutrient base for the animal. Thanks to their resistance, grasses have historically been the main source of food, but their quality must be worked on to optimize the results in productive exercises, and efforts must also be made to guarantee their constant availability, mainly in times of scarcity, for which Storage strategies such as tedding should be promoted. Additionally, management methods should be considered to provide alternatives for quality slashing such as silvopastoral systems
Learning Phonology with Data in the Classroom: Engaging Students in the Creolistic Research Process
Authors: Trigo Luís , Silva Carlos , De Almeida Vera Moitinho
Published: April 2024

Phonology is a linguistic discipline that is naturally computational. However, as many researchers are not familiar with the use of digital methods, most of the computation required is still performed by humans. This article presents a training experiment of master’s students of the phonology seminar at the University of Porto, bringing the research process directly to the classroom. The experiment was designed to raise students’ awareness of the potentialities of combining human and machine computation in phonology. The Centre for Digital Culture and Innovation (CODA) readily embraced this project to showcase the application of digital humanities as humanities in both research and training activities. During this experiment, students were trained to collect and process phonological data using various open-source and free web-based resources. By combining a strict protocol with some individual research freedom, the students were able to make valuable contributions towards Creolistic Studies, while enriching their individual skills. Finally, the interdisciplinary nature of the approach has demonstrated its potential within and beyond the humanities and social sciences fields (e.g., linguistics, archaeology, history, geography, ethnology, sociology, and genetics), by also introducing the students to basic concepts and practices of Open Science and FAIR principles, including Linked Open Data.
Improving Students' Drawing Skills with Digital Tools: A Case Study from Zhengzhou, China
Authors: Xie Hua
Published: April 2024

Computer art has recently become a vital part of the artistic process of creating digital versions of illustrations. Digital painting is an example. It has become a new phenomenon in Chinese art, transforming technique, aesthetics and culture. Thus, this study determines the impact of digital tools on the digital painting skills of students with different painting levels. The study involved 90 students from the Zhengzhou Preschool Education College in China. The study used a quasi-experimental design with a single-group pre-test/post-test design. The research findings indicated that there were improvements in painting skills for the groups with poor and medium achievements. The considered painting skills included composition, colour theory, interpretation and creativity. The resulting data validate the positive impact of digital tools on learning and creating paintings. The research described in this article is valuable for creating and implementing innovative courses in digital painting. Future studies should focus on the design and development of computer-aided painting courses and their impact on art students.
The algorithm of diagnosis and surgical treatment of Brown’s syndrome
Authors: Avetisov S. E. , Gorkin A. E. , Danilov S. S. , Sorokina V. V. , Popova N. A.
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Brown’s syndrome (BS) is a rare type of unconcomitant strabismus, which is often interpreted by practicing ophthalmologists as a paralytic form. The difficulty of diagnosis is due to the similarity of clinical manifestations with a number of other oculomotor disorders. This leads to a late, and most importantly, tactically incorrect choice of surgical treatment method. Purpose: Development of an algorithms for differential diagnosis and surgical treatment of Brown syndrome. Materials and methods. The authors analyzed the experience of diagnosing and treating 99 patients with Brown’s syndrome. The follow-up period was 13 years, from May 2010 to May 2023. Among the examined patients, 35 (35 %) were male and 64 (65 %) were female. The median age was 7.19 ± 0.87 years, the oldest at the time of the study was 45 years old, and the youngest was 1.5 years old. All patients underwent standard ophthalmologic and strabismal examinations. In patients of verbal age, the nature of vision was examined (Worth test, Bagolini test, double Maddox test). All operated patients underwent a cyclotorsion test intraoperatively under general anesthesia to confirm the diagnosis and choose a surgical method. Surgical treatment was carried out in 60 cases of unilateral and 5 cases of bilateral BS (a total of 65 patients aged 2 to 45 years; 69 eyes). Tenotomy and tenectomy of the superior oblique muscle (ECM) were performed in 53 cases, prolongation and recession with prolongation of the ECM in 16 cases. Results. Clinical signs have been systematized, algorithms for differential diagnosis and surgical treatment have been developed, which make it possible to timely identify Brown’s syndrome and carry out stage-by-stage pathogenetically based surgical treatment. The results are presented in the form of sequential action schemes (algorithms) that will help practitioners in making a diagnosis and determining the correct tactics of surgical treatment. Conclusions. Brown syndrome has characteristic differential features and requires staged surgical treatment. Developed algorithms to obtain high functional and cosmetic results.
Medical technology for the management of myopia progression
Authors: Zenkova E. S. , Myagkov A. V. , Ignatova N. V. , Zhabina O. A.
Published: April 2024

Currently, the management of myopia represents a critical focus within the fi elds of optometry and ophthalmology. This the rapid proliferation of myopia across numerous nations notably those with extensive populations such as Russia, China, USA. Moreover, the increased interest in myopia management emerges from innovative optical correction methods specifically designed to slow the progression of myopia. Consequently, the presence of multiple optical intervention options necessitates judicious decision- making by clinicians regarding the selection of a particular method. The effectiveness of myopia control measures is further attributable to the development of a treatment plan and long-term dynamic observation. Such an approach allows for the timely modification of treatment protocols to ensure the stabilization of eye axial length growth and correction of. The term «Myopia progression management medical technology» is encompasses various procedures designed to prevent the onset of myopia, diagnose and treat progressive myopia, and assist physicians overseeing patients with myopia.
Exploring the coordination chemistry of ruthenium complexes with lysozymes: structural and in-solution studies
Authors: Oszajca Maria , Flejszar Monika , Szura Arkadiusz , Dróżdż Patrycja , Brindell Małgorzata , Kurpiewska Katarzyna
Published: April 2024

This study presents a comprehensive structural analysis of the adducts formed upon the reaction of two Ru(III) complexes [HIsq][trans-RuIIICl4(dmso)(Isq)] (1) and [H2Ind][trans-RuIIICl4(dmso)(HInd)] (2) (where HInd–indazole, Isq–isoquinoline, analogs of NAMI-A) and two Ru(II) complexes, cis-[RuCl2(dmso)4] (c) and trans-[RuCl2(dmso)4] (t), with hen-egg white lysozyme (HEWL). Additionally, the crystal structure of an adduct of human lysozyme (HL) with ruthenium complex, [H2Ind][trans-RuCl4(dmso)(HInd)] was solved. X-ray crystallographic data analysis revealed that all studied Ru complexes, regardless of coordination surroundings and metal center charge, coordinate to the same amino acids (His15, Arg14, and Asp101) of HEWL, losing most of their original ligands. In the case of the 2-HL adduct, two distinct metalation sites: (i) Arg107, Arg113 and (ii) Gln127, Gln129, were identified. Crystallographic data were supported by studies of the interaction of 1 and 2 with HEWL in an aqueous solution. Hydrolytic stability studies revealed that both complexes 1 and 2 liberate the N-heterocyclic ligand under crystallization-like conditions (pH 4.5) as well as under physiological pH conditions, and this process is not significantly affected by the presence of HEWL. A comparative examination of nine crystal structures of Ru complexes with lysozyme, obtained through soaking and co-crystallization experiments, together with in-solution studies of the interaction between 1 and 2 with HEWL, indicates that the hydrolytic release of the N-heterocyclic ligand is one of the critical factors in the interaction between Ru complexes and lysozyme. This understanding is crucial in shedding light on the tendency of Ru complexes to target diverse metalation sites during the formation and in the final forms of the adducts with proteins.
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli infection: innate immune disorder, bladder damage, and Tailin Fang II
Authors: Li Zong-ping , Li Jun , Li Tong-lu , Song Zhi-yong , Gong Xue-zhong
Published: April 2024

Background

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) activates innate immune response upon invading the urinary tract, whereas UPEC can also enter bladder epithelial cells (BECs) through interactions with fusiform vesicles on cell surfaces and subsequently escape from the vesicles into the cytoplasm to establish intracellular bacterial communities, finally evading the host immune system and leading to recurrent urinary tract infection (RUTI). Tailin Fang II (TLF-II) is a Chinese herbal formulation composed of botanicals that has been clinically proven to be effective in treating urinary tract infection (UTI). However, the underlying therapeutic mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Methods

Network pharmacology analysis of TLF-II was conducted. Female Balb/C mice were transurethrally inoculated with UPEC CFT073 strain to establish the UTI mouse model. Levofloxacin was used as a positive control. Mice were randomly divided into four groups: negative control, UTI, TLF-II, and levofloxacin. Histopathological changes in bladder tissues were assessed by evaluating the bladder organ index and performing hematoxylin-eosin staining. The bacterial load in the bladder tissue and urine sample of mice was quantified. Activation of the TLR4-NF-κB pathway was investigated through immunohistochemistry and western blotting. The urinary levels of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 and urine leukocyte counts were monitored. We also determined the protein expressions of markers associated with fusiform vesicles, Rab27b and Galectin-3, and levels of the phosphate transporter protein SLC20A1. Subsequently, the co-localization of Rab27b and SLC20A1 with CFT073 was examined using confocal fluorescence microscopy.

Results

Data of network pharmacology analysis suggested that TLF-II could against UTI through multiple targets and pathways associated with innate immunity and inflammation. Additionally, TLF-II significantly attenuated UPEC-induced bladder injury and reduced the bladder bacterial load. Meanwhile, TLF-II inhibited the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB on BECs and decreased the urine levels of IL-1β and IL-6 and urine leukocyte counts. TLF-II reduced SLC20A1 and Galectin-3 expressions and increased Rab27b expression. The co-localization of SLC20A1 and Rab27b with CFT073 was significantly reduced in the TLF-II group.

Conclusion

Collectively, innate immunity and bacterial escape from fusiform vesicles play important roles in UPEC-induced bladder infections. Our findings suggest that TLF-II combats UPEC-induced bladder infections by effectively mitigating bladder inflammation and preventing bacterial escape from fusiform vesicles into the cytoplasm. The findings suggest that TLF-II is a promising option for treating UTI and reducing its recurrence.
Mast cell activation triggered by SARS-CoV-2 causes inflammation in brain microvascular endothelial cells and microglia
Authors: Wu Meng-Li , Xie Chengzuo , Li Xin , Sun Jing , Zhao Jincun , Wang Jian-Hua
Published: April 2024

SARS-CoV-2–induced excessive inflammation in brain leads to damage of blood–brain barrier, hypoxic-ischemic injury, and neuron degeneration. The production of inflammatory cytokines by brain microvascular endothelial cells and microglia is reported to be critically associated with the brain pathology of COVID-19 patients. However, the cellular mechanisms for SARS-CoV-2–inducing activation of brain cells and the subsequent neuroinflammation remain to be fully delineated. Our research, along with others’, has recently demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2–induced accumulation and activation of mast cells (MCs) in mouse lung could further induce inflammatory cytokines and consequent lung damages. Intracerebral MCs activation and their cross talk with other brain cells could induce neuroinflammation that play important roles in neurodegenerative diseases including virus-induced neuro-pathophysiology. In this study, we investigated the role of MC activation in SARS-CoV-2–induced neuroinflammation. We found that (1) SARS-CoV-2 infection triggered MC accumulation in the cerebrovascular region of mice; (2) spike/RBD (receptor-binding domain) protein–triggered MC activation induced inflammatory factors in human brain microvascular endothelial cells and microglia; (3) MC activation and degranulation destroyed the tight junction proteins in brain microvascular endothelial cells and induced the activation and proliferation of microglia. These findings reveal a cellular mechanism of SARS-CoV-2–induced neuroinflammation.
Phylogenetic and transcriptomic characterization of insulin and growth factor receptor tyrosine kinases in crustaceans
Authors: Flores Kaylie A. , Pérez-Moreno Jorge L. , Durica David S. , Mykles Donald L.
Published: April 2024

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) mediate the actions of growth factors in metazoans. In decapod crustaceans, RTKs are implicated in various physiological processes, such molting and growth, limb regeneration, reproduction and sexual differentiation, and innate immunity. RTKs are organized into two main types: insulin receptors (InsRs) and growth factor receptors, which include epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR). The identities of crustacean RTK genes are incomplete. A phylogenetic analysis of the CrusTome transcriptome database, which included all major crustacean taxa, showed that RTK sequences segregated into receptor clades representing InsR (72 sequences), EGFR (228 sequences), FGFR (129 sequences), and PDGFR/VEGFR (PVR; 235 sequences). These four receptor families were distinguished by the domain organization of the extracellular N-terminal region and motif sequences in the protein kinase catalytic domain in the C-terminus or the ligand-binding domain in the N-terminus. EGFR1 formed a single monophyletic group, while the other RTK sequences were divided into subclades, designated InsR1-3, FGFR1-3, and PVR1-2. In decapods, isoforms within the RTK subclades were common. InsRs were characterized by leucine-rich repeat, furin-like cysteine-rich, and fibronectin type 3 domains in the N-terminus. EGFRs had leucine-rich repeat, furin-like cysteine-rich, and growth factor IV domains. N-terminal regions of FGFR1 had one to three immunoglobulin-like domains, whereas FGFR2 had a cadherin tandem repeat domain. PVRs had between two and five immunoglobulin-like domains. A classification nomenclature of the four RTK classes, based on phylogenetic analysis and multiple sequence alignments, is proposed.
Determinants of tuberculosis among adult people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy at public hospitals in Hawassa City, South Ethiopia
Authors: Asefa Ahmed , Bolka Habte , Woldesemayat Endrias Markos
Published: April 2024

Background

The burden of tuberculosis (TB)/HIV co-infection is high in sub-Saharan African countries. The aim of the present study was to identify determinants of TB among people living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) at public hospitals in Hawassa City Administration, Sidama Region, Ethiopia.

Methods

A facility-based case-control study was conducted between 30 March and 30 April 2023. We employed a systematic random sampling to recruit participants. The cases were all adult PLHIV who developed TB after ART initiation, and the group without TB were all adult PLHIV who did not develop TB after their ART initiation. Data were collected from patients’ medical records using Kobo-tool and then exported to SPSS Version 26 for analysis. A multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the predictors of TB. Statistical significance was defined using the 95% confidence interval (CI).

Result

A total of 124 cases and 249 people without TB participated in the study. In a multivariable logistic regression analysis, we identified five independent determinants of TB. These include age (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.7; 95% CI 1.4–5.2), patients’ residency (AOR = 6.4; 95% CI 2.8–14.5), WHO clinical stage III or IV (AOR = 6.7; 95% CI 3.2–14.0), isoniazid plus rifapentine (3HP) prophylaxis using (AOR = 0.5; 95% CI 0.2–0.9), and having other opportunistic infections (AOR = 3.6; 95% CI 1.7–7.6).

Conclusion and recommendation

Several risk factors for TB were identified among PLHIV. Strengthening TB screening in advanced disease conditions, encouraging use of 3HP prophylaxis, and early diagnosis and treatment of opportunistic infections were recommended to reduce the incidence of TB among PLHIV.
ITGAL expression in non-small-cell lung cancer tissue and its association with immune infiltrates
Authors: Zhang Ruihao , Zhu Guangsheng , Li Zaishan , Meng Zhenzhen , Huang Hua , Ding Chen , Wang Yanan , Chen Chen , Li Yongwen , Liu Hongyu , Chen Jun
Published: April 2024

Background

Integrin subunit alpha L (ITGAL) encodes an integrin component of LFA-1 and is a membrane receptor molecule widely expressed on leukocytes. It plays a key role in the interaction between white blood cells and other cells. There was a significant correlation between the expression of ITGAL and the tumor microenvironment in a number of cancers. However, experimental studies targeting ITGAL and immune cell infiltration in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the response to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy are lacking.

Methods

Data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) databases to explore the relationship between ITGAL expression and prognosis, as well as the immune cell infiltration in patients with NSCLC. In addition, immunohistochemical staining for ITGAL and multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) staining for ITGAL, CD20, CD68, CD4, and CD8 from tissue microarrays containing 118 tumor tissues and paired paracancerous tissues from patients with NSCLC were performed. The correlation between ITGAL expression and clinical factors, as well as the immunophenotypes of tumor-infiltrating immune cells, were also analyzed.

Results

In NSCLC tumor tissues, ITGAL was downregulated compared with matched paracancerous tissues, and low ITGAL expression was associated with a poor prognosis of NSCLC patients. Subsequently, immunohistochemistry results for tissue microarray showed that ITGAL expression was mainly elevated in tumor stroma and areas with highly infiltrated immune cells. ITGAL expression was higher in paracancerous tissues than tumor tissues. Furthermore, mIF results indicated that the patients with ITGAL-high expression tend had significantly higher CD8+ T cells, CD68+ macrophages, CD4+ T cells, and CD20+ B cells infiltration in their tumor tissues. Immunophenotypes were classified into three categories, that is deserted, excluded, and inflamed types, according to each kind of immune cell distribution in or around the cancer cell nest. MIF results showed that ITGAL expression level was correlated with the immunophenotypes. Furthermore, ITGAL expression was associated with the prognosis of NSCLC in patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy and the patients with high ITGAL expression tends have better outcomes.

Conclusions

ITGAL may be used as a biomarker for assessing the immune microenvironment in patients with NSCLC.
Conceptualization of the Norwegian feed system of farmed Atlantic salmon
Authors: Skavang Pernille Kristiane , Strand Andrea Viken
Published: April 2024

The total production of Norwegian Atlantic salmon is expected to increase considerably in the years to come. A majority of greenhouse gas emissions from aquaculture is accounted for by feed. To investigate and assess the sustainability and robustness of the feed system, a holistic perspective on the system is needed. We aim to conceptualize the current value chains of feed in Norway using the Food Systems Approach, existing literature, and stakeholder inputs. The Sustainable Development Goals include no specific mention of feed. Still, many Norwegian feed and animal producers link their sustainability work to these goals. This paper summarizes the sustainability perspectives of feed and animal producers in the aquaculture sector, as well as relevant background, regulations, and environmental and socio-economic drivers.