bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sociological institutionalism as a direction of the new institutionalism of political science: methodology and its implementation in Ukrainian political science research
Authors: Bashtannyk Oksana
Published: February 2021

The relevance of this study is explained by the need to find out the heuristic parameters of one of the segments of the institutional analysis of Ukrainian political science - sociological institutionalism. At the present stage of world development of institutional research in politics, it is no longer enough to turn to the formalized aspects of the essence of political institutions, which is still a fairly common approach - in contrast to the general theory of the new institutionalism. Also, there is a widespread view that the latest models of research strategies can be offered only by foreign political science and it is among its developments that the necessary analytical tools should be sought. Due to certain historical aspects of the political development of our country, political science research has not been able to develop synchronously with global trends for a long time, but it is possible to assume that today this situation is gradually changing. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to concretize in domestic political science the analytical field of such research areas of the new institutionalism as sociological institutionalism and systematize the main parameters of its research strategy. As a result of the study, it was found that the provisions of sociological institutionalism of political science are based on more normative-formalized approaches compared to other types of institutionalism because its formation was significantly influenced by the theory of organizations. Most Ukrainian scholars use the methodological tools of this area of institutionalism for a comprehensive analysis of the nature of the political institution as a research unit, which is close in its characteristics to the latest world examples and requires an appropriate research methodology. The group of specific issues considered by domestic scholars on the basis of the provisions of sociological institutionalism is opened by the normative aspects of the functioning of international politics (for example, humanization), which in this dimension is in the center of attention of foreign scholars as well. A more interesting area of research is the peculiarities of the process of European integration, the analysis of which also begins in the works of foreign scholars, but we are interested in this question given Ukraine's European ambitions - whether its regulatory Europeanization will have appropriate prospects. Another important aspect of research using the methodology of this area of institutional analysis, and again - important for our country, are the socio-political processes in transition societies, where democratization has begun, but the achievements in this way are difficult to call sustainable.
Biopower in the space of a modern city: moduses of representation
Authors: Zubareva Oksana
Published: February 2021

Medicalization at the present stage is a kind of synthesis of the previous stages. On the one hand, the modern cult of the human body and health, fueled by the media, medical and medical corporations, is superior to that of antiquity. On the other hand, modern medicine, using the most advanced scientific and technical achievements, demonstrates new possibilities and opens up almost limitless prospects for a person. Added to these two factors is the third, which is the main driving force of modern medicalization – this is commerce. The identification of bio- and medical power has its grounds, since medicine is indeed an institution profiling (in a certain sense) on the control of the biological aspects of human life, the possibilities have recently been rapidly expanding in connection with the expansion of the latest biomedical technologies. With the help of the mechanisms of biopower in modern society, which characterize it as an impersonal power, amorphous, immersed in a network of interpersonal interactions, an elegant, and not repressive, manifestation of needs, suggestions and rewards for certain behavior of the population is regulated. The modern city is a rather complex socio-cultural phenomenon and is a dynamic environment that can change depending on the existing factor conditioning, both exogenous and endogenous. At the same time, health began to be perceived as a certain way of life, rather than an attribute. The New Understanding of Health focused public discourse on the importance of self-preserving behavior and the transfer of responsibility for health from health care institutions to the individual. The popularization of the ideology of Helsism is defined as modes of representation of biopower in the space of a modern city. The most successful mechanism for broadcasting the ideology of Helsism is advertising, which is actively incorporated into the public space of the city. «Biohackin», a health control system based on a specific and constant monitoring of vital signs, has become a typical element of a city dweller's everyday life. The strengthening of socio-controlling mechanisms of medicalization was manifested not only in the mass expansion of biomedical technologies, but also in the fact that more and more personal problems began to be considered as falling within the competence of medicine. The effect of biopower is the growing pharmaceuticalization incorporated into the everyday life of a modern city. In this way, pharmaceutical companies use advertising to build their impact on potential consumers. This activity includes: reflecting some personal problems as medical.
ANOTHER postmodern (human nature and religious-mystical culture)
Authors: Murashkin Michail
Published: February 2021

The aim of the study is to clarify and shed light on the phenomenon of OTHER postmodernism, the importance and significance of its characteristics as another within man himself, which regulates and purifies what is in human nature, which is reflected in religious and mystical culture and art. The methodology of obtaining new knowledge is based on a comparative method of research, collecting the characteristics of another postmodern and inductive reasoning in this regard. At the same time, different human states are compared on the examples of religious and mystical culture. The scientific novelty is that for the first time such a phenomenon of human nature as the recognition of man's own other within himself is considered, which can be recorded in such categories as "compensatory enlightenment", "transcendent", "numinous", "sacred". Conclusions. It has been found that the other postmodern as an internal recognition of one's own other within oneself can be understood as a compensatory enlightenment, which is an integral phenomenon of human nature. Another postmodern is related to the creative process at the stage of "maturation", in which the destruction of a person's obsolete personality takes place. This is highlighted in the demonstration of the transcendence of philosophy, as well as religious and mystical culture.
Slobidski ensembles as centers of aristocratic culture: museificstion aspect
Authors: Birova Olha
Published: February 2021

The article considers the issue of formation the aristocratic manor culture and describes the museification features of aristocratic ensembles. It has been found that this topic, despite its popularity in recent years, remains little studied. Especially the issue of museification historical and cultural heritage sites. The paper analyzes different types of sources and literature.The peculiarities of the formation the aristocratic class of Slobodidska Ukraine, who received noble titles only for military service are highlighted. A new class of society tried to imitate the Polish nobility and the Russian nobility, creating their own aristocratic attributes, which did not always have documentary evidence. The role of representatives of the middle nobility, which was actively engaged in culture and education, was determined. It was the local intelligentsia that created a distinctive culture, that absorbed European achievements and local traditions. It is established that the centers of aristocratic culture were country estates, which combined architectural and garden parts. Defined a symbolic aspect of manor culture, which is clearly manifested in the art of park construction. The activity of the local nobility in the creation of architectural structures and English parks in the estates is considered. The article analyzes peculiarities of museification of manor ensembles as complex monuments. The current state of ensemble-type monuments in Kharkov region is characterized. In the article are listed prospects of museification for the tourist development of the region and the revival of historical and cultural heritage.The conclusions provide recommendations on the possibility of modern use of aristocratic ensembles as centers of aristocratic manor culture.
In situ fracture observations of distinct interface types within a fully lamellar intermetallic TiAl alloy
Authors: Burtscher Michael , Alfreider Markus , Schmuck Klemens , Clemens Helmut , Mayer Svea , Kiener Daniel
Published: February 2021

Intermetallic γ‐TiAl‐based alloys are commonly used as structural materials for components in high‐temperature applications, although they generally suffer from a lack of ductility and crack resistance at ambient temperatures. Within this study, the process‐adapted 4th generation TNM+ alloy, exhibiting a fully lamellar microstructure, was examined using notched micro‐cantilevers with defined orientations of lamellar interfaces. These configurations were tested in situ using superimposed continuous stiffness measurement methods during loading with simultaneous scanning electron microscopy observations. Subsequently, the video signal was used for visual crack length determination by computer vision and compared to values calculated from in situ changes in stiffness data. Applying this combinatorial approach enabled to determine the J‐integral as a measure of the fracture toughness for microstructurally different local crack propagation paths. Thus, distinct differences in conditional fracture toughness could be determined from 3.7 MPa m1/2 for γ/γ‐interface to 4.4 MPa m1/2 for α2/γ‐interface.
Direct determination of the area function for nanoindentation experiments
Authors: Saringer Christian , Tkadletz Michael , Kratzer Markus , Cordill Megan J.
Published: February 2021

The determination of a suitable correction for tip blunting is crucial in order to obtain useful mechanical properties from nanoindentation experiments. While typically the required area function is acquired from the indentation of a reference material, the direct imaging by suitable methods is an interesting alternative. In this paper, we investigate the applicability of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and self-imaging by scanning a sharp silicon tip using the scanning probe microscopy extension of the nanoindentation system and compare the results to the area function obtained by the indentation of fused silica. The important tip characteristics were determined by various methods based on the analysis of the obtained 3D data sets. It was found that the suitability of CLSM and AFM depend on the resolution and the operation mode, respectively. While for these methods only limited consistency of the determined tip characteristics was found, self-imaging resulted in an excellent overall agreement.

Graphic abstract
Ensiffer sp. CNN3 -an indigenous bacterial strain in Vietnam has properties of plant growth promotion and organophosphorus degradation
Authors: Chi Hoang Kim , Cuong Le Huu , Ha Tran Thi Hong , Ha Nguyen Thu , Thanh Luong Huu , Nga Vu Thuy , Huong Le Mai , Hang Tran Thi Nhu
Published: February 2021

An indigenous effective bacterial strain has been isolated from soil samples of contaminated tea farming site in Northern Vietnam with chlorpyrifos degradability and plant growth promoting characteristics. The bacterial isolate was determined to belong to genus Ensifer (syn. Sinorhizobium), and its degrading property for OPP substrate chlorpyrifos in culture as well as in test soil were studied. The results open a prospect of applying the dual-effective bacterial strain in agriculture practices either to reduce the use of chemical fertilizer or to remediate OPP contaminated planting soils.
Metabolic disorders in the pathogenesis of various causes of dizziness and instability
Authors: Bedenko A. S. , Antonenko L. М. , Barinov A. N.
Published: February 2021

Dizziness and instability are topical problem in the neurological practice. This health condition invades up to thirty percent of the whole population. However, pathogenic factors of development and tendency to chronic process of these nosological conditions are still poorly researched. The investigation of new pathogenic factors, including metabolic factors, is proceeding. The greatest amount of research was collected for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). The hypothesis of coincidence between BPPV, vitamin D deficiency and osteoporosis was created in 2003. However, the results are controversial. The complex of perfomed investigations let suspect vitamin D deficiency as biomarker of osteoporosis/osteopenia. But some other research works failed to support this conclusion. In some investigations the vitamin D deficiency as factor of recurrence of BPPV was discussed. The new hypothesis was correlation between otoneurological disorders and vitamin D deficiemcy due to its immunomodulation ability was proposed. Considerable part of the article deals with problem of endothelial dysfunction. The data about correlation between oxidative stress and BPPV was published, as far as the data about impact of hypehomocysteinemia to retardation of compensation for vestibular neuritis.
Combination of Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia with Left Ventricular Non-Compaction as a Special Form of Cardiomyopathy: Clinic, Diagnostics, Genetic, Natural Course
Authors: Lutokhina Yu. A. , Blagova O. V. , Shestak A. G. , Polyak M. Е. , Bukaeva A. A. , Zaklyazminskaya E. V. , Varionchik N. V. , Sedov V. P. , Kogan E. A. , Alexandrova S. А. , Nedostup A. V.
Published: February 2021

Background. A few cases of combination of arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy (ARVC) with left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) have been described. Aims to study the genetics, diagnostical features and clinical course of the combination of ARVC with LVNC. Methods. 58 patients with ARVC diagnosis (26 men; mean age 39.1 14.2 years; mean follow-up period 21.5 [6; 60] months) and 125 patients with LVNC (74 men; mean age 46.4 15.1 years; mean follow-up period 14 [3; 40] months). All patients underwent electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiography, 24-h ECG monitoring. Heart MRI was performed in 53 (91.4%) patients with ARVC and 60 (48%) with LVNC, heart CT in 18 (31%) patients with ARVC and 89 (71.2%) with LVNC. For all patients with combination of ARVC and LVNC DNA-diagnostic was performed using both ARVC (PKP2, DSG2, DSP, DSC2, JUP, TMEM43, TGFB3, PLN, LMNA, DES, CTTNA3, EMD, SCN5A, LDB3, CRYAB, FLNC) and LVNC (MYH7, MYBPC3, TAZ, TPM1, LDB3, MYL2, MYL3, ACTC1, TNNT2, TNI3) gene panels. Results. Combination of ARVC and LVNC was found in 9 patients (15.5% of patients form ARVC cohort and 7.2% from LVNC cohort). These patients were distinguished from patients with isolated ARVC or LVNC by aggressive ventricular arrhythmias (frequent premature ventricular beats, sustained ventricular tachycardia, significantly worse antiarrhythmic therapy effect, appropriate shocks of implanted cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD) in all patients with ICD). Patients with combination of ARVC + LVNC were also distinguished from patients with isolated LVNC by the dilatation of RV, low QRS voltage on ECG, presence of AV block, absence of signs of LV hypertrophy on ECG. LV dilatation with reduction of its ejection fraction distinguished patients with mixed cardiomyopathy from patients with isolated ARVC. Potentially pathogenic variants (IVV classes of pathogenicity) and variants of unclear clinical significance (III class of pathogenicity) were found in both desmosomal and non-desmosomal genes in 78% of patients, including 3 (33%) in DSP gene. Conclusions. The combination of ARVC and LVNC can be caused by mutations in both desmosomal and non-desmosomal genes and has typical features: aggressive, resistant ventricular rhythm abnormalities leading to appropriate ICD shocks and a high risk of sudden cardiac death.
The role of homeostatic proliferation and SNP mutations in MHC genes in the development of rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Shevyrev D. V. , Kozlov V. A.
Published: February 2021

Great efforts have been made to study the etiology and pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis in the last few decades, but this issue remains widely unknown. In this review, we suggest a hypothesis according to which the development of rheumatoid arthritis is associated with a genetically determined enhancement of self-antigens presentation and decrease in TCR repertoire diversity due to homeostatic proliferation (HP). We suppose that qualitative changes in the TCR landscape of effector and regulatory T-cells populations lead to immune disequilibrium. I.e. HP results in the condition when self-reactive T-cell clones appear to which no specific T-regulatory cells exist. If such self-reactive clones have TCR specific to modified auto-antigens, which presentation increased due to SNP mutations in MHC genes, then the adaptive immunity is activated, and rheumatoid arthritis develops. Obviously, therapy based on the deletion of self-reactive T-cells clones involved in the RA process or on the replenishment of Treg clones by CAR-T-cells is the perspective approach of personalized medicine.
Application of the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to aerobic biodegradation process
Authors: Maria Raffa Carla , Vergnano Andrea , Chiampo Fulvia , Godio Alberto
Published: February 2021

The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a method widely used to process experimental data. The PCA aims to reduce the dimensionality of a data set composed of many interrelated variables, preserving the variation as much as possible. This can be achieved by transforming the data set
to a new one, containing the principal components (PCs), which are uncorrelated, and which maximize the variance of the original data. In this study, the PCA was applied to experimental tests on aerobic bioremediation of soil polluted with diesel oil. Twelve microcosms (200 g of soil) were
prepared, polluted with commercial diesel oil (70 g/kg of dry soil), and hydrated with a mineral salt solution suitable to stimulate the indigenous bacteria. The aerobic process for diesel oil degradation was studied changing two operative parameters, namely, water content (u%) and carbon
to nitrogen ratio (C/N). Three values of water content (u% = 8%, 12% and 15% by weight) and four of carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N = 60, 120, 180 and 300) were tested. The microcosms were monitored for 30 days by the measurements of these parameters: 1) the CO2 production, to evaluate
the microbial respiration, 2) the fluorescein production, to check the microbial activity, and 3) the diesel oil concentration, to assess the pollutant degradation and calculate the removal efficiency. The Principal Component Analysis was done considering the water content values as variables
and the carbon to nitrogen ones as systems to be analyzed. By a linear transformation, two principal components were achieved, namely PC1 and PC2. There sults for the CO2 production, fluorescein production, and diesel oil removal efficiency were used, and overall variances always
over 94% were obtained. The results showed that two microcosms stood out from the others, namely:-the microcosm with u% = 12% b.w. and C/N = 180,sinceit gave the highest amount of CO2 and fluorescein;- the microcosm with u% = 8% b.w. and C/N = 120,due to the highest diesel oil removal
efficiency.
Some Studies on K-essence Lagrangian
Authors: Mukherjee Somnath
Published: February 2021

K-essence Lagrangian is studied in the context of an early universe epoch when t → 0. Equation of state parameter ω < −1 as well as deceleration parameter q0 < −1, indicates an accelerated expansion of the universe at an early epoch of
time driven by negative pressure generated by dark energy.
DEMOCRACIAS NO SÉCULO XXI: CAUSAS, SINTOMAS E ESTRATÉGIAS PARA SUPERAR SUA CRISE
Authors: Moreira Marcelo Sevaybricker
Published: February 2021

Resumo Este artigo analisa um conjunto de escritos publicados nos últimos anos que identificam uma grave crise das democracias contemporâneas. Eles tratam das causas e dos sintomas desse processo de “desconsolidação democrática” e propõem algumas soluções para sua superação. O clamor pela restauração da democracia liberal destaca-se como elemento normativo comum à maior parte desses escritos. Contraposto a essas concepções institucionalistas e que redundam em duas estratégias de reconstrução da democracia liberal (o “salvacionismo elitista” e o “catecismo cívico”), este artigo assume que vivemos uma crise estrutural do chamado “capitalismo democrático”, produzido pela “revolução neoliberal”. Dessa última perspectiva não se deduz, todavia, nenhuma “saída” imediata para o dramático momento histórico em tela.
Chemical performance analysis of nanocellulose/boron-compound-reinforced hybrid UF resin
Authors: Yildirim Mert , Candan Zeki , Gonultas Oktay
Published: February 2021

Urea–formaldehyde (UF) resin is the most important used adhesive in the production of wood-based composite panels, such as particleboard, medium-density fiberboard, oriented strand board and plywood. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of nanocellulose, boric acid and borax on the chemical performance properties of UF resin. UF resin was reinforced with various loading levels of nanocellulose, boric acid and borax. Formaldehyde emission, gel time, solid content, viscosity, pH, specific gravity, shelf life and Fourier transform infrared spectra were evaluated as indicators of chemical performance. The findings showed that the formaldehyde emission of hybrid UF resin reinforced with nanocellulose/boron compounds decreased by up to 31.25%. The use of the reinforcement technique in the resin caused an increase in shelf life, viscosity and gel time but caused a reduction in the solid content of the resin. The apparent specific gravity of the resin was not influenced by the addition of nanocellulose/boron compounds. It was concluded that the chemical performance properties of UF resin could be enhanced by using proper nanocellulose, boric acid and borax loading levels. By using the reinforcement technique, it was possible to produce low-formaldehyde-emitting adhesives so that environmentally friendly products could be manufactured.
Laxative Use and Risk of Dyskalemia in Patients with Advanced CKD Transitioning to Dialysis
Authors: Sumida Keiichi , Dashputre Ankur A. , Potukuchi Praveen K. , Thomas Fridtjof , Obi Yoshitsugu , Molnar Miklos Z. , Gatwood Justin D. , Streja Elani , Kalantar-Zadeh Kamyar , Kovesdy Csaba P.
Published: February 2021

Significance Statement

Intestinal potassium excretion is increased in patients with advanced CKD. It is possible that this compensatory mechanism is enhanced by laxative use, but little is known about the association of laxative use with risk of dyskalemias in advanced CKD. In a cohort of 36,116 United States military veterans who transitioned to ESKD, the authors found that time-varying laxative use was significantly associated with lower risk of hyperkalemia (potassium >5.5 mEq/L) but was not associated with risk of hypokalemia (potassium <3.5 mEq/L) during the last year prior to ESKD. These findings suggest a putative role of constipation in potassium disarrays and also support (with a careful consideration for risks and benefits) the therapeutic potential of laxatives for hyperkalemia management in advanced CKD.

Background

Patients with advanced CKD experience increased intestinal potassium excretion. This compensatory mechanism may be enhanced by laxative use; however, little is known about the association of laxative use with risk of dyskalemia in advanced CKD.

Methods

Our study population encompassed 36,116 United States veterans transitioning to ESKD from 2007 to 2015 with greater than or equal to one plasma potassium measurement during the last 1-year period before ESKD transition. Using generalized estimating equations with adjustment for potential confounders, we examined the association of time-varying laxative use with risk of dyskalemia (i.e., hypokalemia [potassium <3.5 mEq/L] or hyperkalemia [>5.5 mEq/L]) versus normokalemia (3.5–5.5 mEq/L) over the 1-year pre-ESKD period. To avoid potential overestimation of dyskalemia risk, potassium measurements within 7 days following a dyskalemia event were disregarded in the analyses.

Results

Over the last 1-year pre-ESKD period, there were 319,219 repeated potassium measurements in the cohort. Of these, 12,787 (4.0%) represented hypokalemia, and 15,842 (5.0%) represented hyperkalemia; the time-averaged potassium measurement was 4.5 mEq/L. After multivariable adjustment, time-varying laxative use (compared with nonuse) was significantly associated with lower risk of hyperkalemia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.79; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.76 to 0.84) but was not associated with risk of hypokalemia (aOR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.95 to 1.07). The results were robust to several sensitivity analyses.

Conclusions

Laxative use was independently associated with lower risk of hyperkalemia during the last 1-year pre-ESKD period. Our findings support a putative role of constipation in potassium disarrays and also support (with a careful consideration for the risk-benefit profiles) the therapeutic potential of laxatives in hyperkalemia management in advanced CKD.
Hormonal Regulation of Normal Voice Production in Adolescence, a Review
Authors: M Pedersen , AO Jonsson , CF Larsen
Published: February 2021

Voice production is discussed based on the hormonal regulation of adolescence. The reason for the overview is that voice production is an integrated part of pathology-in many multi-handicapped cases, voice production is extremely important. In a search made by the Royal English Society of Medicine only few studies of adolescence included voice production, so we supplemented the overview with references from other trials. Testosterone is related to the lowering of voice in males, and oestradiol to the change in females. The interesting prediction function of serum hormone binding globulin (SHBG), for change in the fundamental frequency (F0 ) during reading in adolescence, is elucidated. Not only the lowering of the F0 but also a widening of the frequencies used during speech is seen. The lowest tone (in the voice profiles) is related to the hormonal development. Other androgens and oestrogens are discussed. The hormonal development of voice production is regulated from the hypothalamus probably related to growth hormone. Input is made mainly from the posterior superior temporal gyrus, insula, and the supplementary motor area to the primitive integrative vocalisation centre in the motor cortex. All these findings are important in the future, using advanced voice analysis and artificial intelligence methods to understand pathology.
Regional Trade Agreements with Global Value Chains
Authors: de Soyres Francois , Maire Julien , Sublet Guillaume
Published: February 2021

This FEDS Note looks at the effect of Regional Trade Agreements on trade between the agreement zone and the rest of the world. Global Value Chains are associated with an increase in outflow. Hence, RTAs can be a stumbling block for multilateralism.
Bought, Sold, and Bought Again: The Impact of Complex Value Chains on Export Elasticities
Authors: de Soyres Francois , Frohm Erik , Gunnella Vanessa , Pavlova Elena
Published: February 2021

Global value chain (GVC) participation affects the relationship between trade volumes and exchange rate movements. Guided by a simple theory, we show that exports react to the exchange rate between the country producing value added contained in exports and the country of final absorption for this value added. Three predictions follow: (i) a higher share of foreign value added in exports reduce the responsiveness of export volumes to exchange rate changes, (ii) a greater share of exports that returns as imports also reduce the responsiveness of export volumes and (iii) a higher share of inputs that are further reexported increase the responsiveness of exports to the trading partner's nominal effective exchange rate. Using a large origin-sector-destination level panel data set covering the period 1995-2009 and around 85% of world GDP, we find strong empirical support for these predictions. We further show that some sectors in some countries can experience a decline in gross exports when their currency depreciates.
'n Algemene model om handelsmerklojaliteit te meet
Authors: Bisschoff C
Published: February 2021

Hierdie artikel evalueer empiries die geskiktheid van 'n teoretiese model, bestaande uit 12 finale antesedente van handelsmerklojaliteit, om handelsmerklojaliteit in agt bedrywe te meet. Die primêre doel is om vas te stel of die antesedente relevant en geldig is om in alle nywerhede van toepassing te wees; die model sal dan geskik wees vir gebruik. Tweedens het die studie ten doel om antesedente te identifiseer wat algemeen in alle industrieë voorkom, en ook om vas te stel of sommige van die antesedente bedryfspesifiek is. Die teoretiese model is geëvalueer in ses bedrywe en agt verskillende subindustrieë, wat wissel van vinnig bewegende verbruikersgoedere, landboubesighede, farmaseutiese produkte en selfs die troeteldierkos-bedryf, om maar 'n paar te noem. Vraelyste is versamel en geanaliseer uit die industrie-gestratifiseerde steekproef. Die resultate het aangedui dat die 12 voorwaardes vir handelsmerklojaliteit almal betroubaar (α>0.68) en aanvaarbare maatstawwe vir handelsmerklojaliteit is. Soos verwag, is daar 'n aantal belangrike algemene voorkomste van handelsmerklojaliteit (σ>50%) wat by enige meting ingesluit moet word, ongeag die bedryf. Dit is handelsmerkinvloed, herhaalde aankope en handelsmerkvertroue. Die ander nege voorvalle word almal as bedryfspesifiek beskou, omdat dit nie belangrik is in al die bedrywe wat by hierdie studie betrokke was nie. Alhoewel die resultate waardevol is vir bestuurders, navorsers en die akademie wat daarop gemik is om handelsmerklojaliteit te meet en te bestuur, is 'n duidelike nadeel dat, ten spyte van die sukses van die model in 'n verskeidenheid bedrywe, die meeste van die inligting afkomstig is van Suid-Afrikaanse verbruikers in die verskillende industrieë. Landspesifieke invloede het moontlik 'n rol gespeel in die konstruksie van die model, en hoewel daar bewyse is om hierdie vermoede te ondersteun, moet toekomstige gebruikers van die model dit in ag neem by die gebruik van die model.
A Loosening Grip: Why Do Autocracies Engage in the Neoliberalization of Their Welfare Sectors?
Authors: Viatkin Ilia , Komarova Kristina
Published: February 2021

Despite the wealth of studies on neoliberalism, research on why authoritarian states engage in processes of neoliberalization remains scarce. Therefore, our article seeks to explore why autocracies use neoliberal power practices, which, as suggested by Foucauldian governmentality approach to neoliberalism, are understood as governance techniques aimed primarily at disciplining and controlling populations through promoting the free market as a key form of societal organization. Empirically, these power practices can manifest in a state’s withdrawal from the provision of welfare services. However, scholars have argued that control over the public sector is essential to the maintenance of authoritarian regimes, and hence, governments must have compelling reasons to opt for its neoliberalization. In this study, we employ three mutually nonexclusive theoretical perspectives that suggest incentives that may motivate autocrats to retreat from the welfare sector; these are the authoritarian legitimation, authoritarian modernization, and political economy perspectives. By means of a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis, we tested the foregoing theories on a sample of 42 autocracies active during 1980–2005. The results revealed that authoritarian modernization theory has the highest explanatory capacity, as it identifies two distinct pathways to public sector neoliberalization—internal and external policy considerations or one of the two—while the political economy perspective was an important theoretical concern in several cases. Overall, our paper contributes to research on the governmentality approach to neoliberalism and serves as a departure point for further investigations into neoliberal authoritarianism.
Cultural Professions in Modern-Day Russia: Statistical Portrait of the Workers
Authors: Polyakova Evgeniya , Manokin Mikhail
Published: February 2021

In this study, we aim to provide a statistical portrait of employment in the cultural field with regard to occupations on the Russian labor market. The data from the ‘Comprehensive Monitoring of Living Conditions’ are used to illustrate the main differences in the socio-demographic and occupational characteristics of culturally employed respondents and other professional groups. Additionally, the most relevant factors that may have an impact on individuals’ probability to be cultural workers are analyzed. Our study is based on the theoretical frameworks of U. Beck, R. Florida, J. Urry, and Z. Bauman. We also consider the possible Soviet legacy of the contemporary Russian culture, which may interconnect with labor conditions in this field, using S. Fitzpatrick’s works. We also provide an overview of other relevant studies. Our findings show that a larger number of cultural workers among the respondents are librarians, archivists, teachers of music and art schools, linguists, museum workers, journalists, and writers. The results on the statistical portrait display that on average, the cultural workers are highly educated married women in their forties or older who live predominantly in the largest regions of the Russian Federation (Moscow and Moscow region, St. Petersburg). Almost three-quarters of the group have relevant education. They are mostly regular full-time employees with a daytime work schedule. We have also found that the most influential factors for becoming cultural workers are the region of residence and relevant professional education.
‘Alien Elections’: Neighboring State News on the 2018 Russian Presidential Elections
Authors: Kazun Anastasia , Pashakhin Sergei
Published: February 2021

News media tend to reflect voices in the political establishment while covering international events. Is it still true when almost half of the national audience speak the language of the country featured in the coverage? In this paper, we present an analysis of 19.5k news messages collected from Russian-language Ukrainian news outlets covering the 2018 presidential elections in Russia. Using a mixed-method approach (topic modeling and qualitative reading), we identify key topics and stories and evaluate the extent of personalization in the election coverage. We find three central angles: the focus on polls and election results, election preparations in Crimea, and Vladimir Putin’s victory. The elections are linked predominantly to Crimean issues through the date of the elections, each candidate’s stance on the subject, the election management in the region, and other countries’ reactions to the results. Such coverage has an accusatory bias; it stresses the legal status of the Crimean referendum and the Russian authorities’ actions and reports the pressures on locals by authorities, especially the Crimean Tatars. Not linked directly to Crimea, other angles are less emotionally charged. Political personalization of the discussion has a contradictory nature. On one hand, the overwhelming majority of the messages mention public figures. On the other hand, the coverage of the figures is limited and omits their traits. Moreover, at times, public figures are replaced by non-personalized symbols (e.g., Kremlin, Russian invaders). However, if the former’s coverage is predominantly neutral, the latter’s coverage is more prone to negative and loaded statements.
Ekonomik Gelişmişliği Etkileyen Bilgi Ekonomisi Değişkenlerinin Veri Madenciliği ile Belirlenmesi
Authors: TİMOR Mehpare , YÜZBAŞI KÜNÇ Gonca
Published: February 2021

Küreselleşmenin etkisiyle geçmişten günümüze biriken veri yığınları veri madenciliği tekniklerinin uygulama alanlarını genişletmiştir. Ülkelerin ekonomik olarak gelişme seviyelerini etkileyen faktörler bilgi çağında değişmiştir. Teknoloji çağında ekonomik gelişmeler ve ilerlemeler bilgi ekonomisini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bilgi ekonomisinin temeli bilginin elde edilip işlenmesine ve dağıtılmasına kadar olan süreci kapsamaktadır. Genel ekonomik göstergeleri etkileyen bilgi ekonomisi değişkenleri daha önemli hale gelmiştir. Bu bağlamda, çalışmamızda öncelikle AB üye ülkeleri ve Türkiye, kümeleme analizi ile genel ekonomik göstergeler açısından gruplara ayrılmıştır. Ekonomik seviyelerine göre gruplara ayrılan ülkelere bilgi ekonomisi değişkenleriyle birlikte karar ağacı uygulanmıştır. Veri madenciliği uygulaması sonucu, ülkelerin ekonomik seviyelerini belirleyen bilgi ekonomisi değişkenleri tespit edilmiştir.
Ocorrências de fitopatógenos associadas em orquídeas na região da Amazônia Meridional
Authors: Domingues Samiele Camargo de Oliveira , Scatola Luiz Fernando , Moreira Edmar Santos , Schmitt João Paulo Medeiros , Furini Thatielen , Matos Dilânia Lopes de
Published: February 2021

RESUMO: Orchidaceae é a família vegetal com o maior número de espécies do planeta, o Brasil dispõe de uma rica diversidade de espécies, com destaque para a região da Amazônia Meridional. As orquídeas possuem alto valor econômico por apresentarem belezas florais, com diversidade de formas e cores, e em geral o cultivo é rústico. Entretanto, essas características podem ser comprometidas pela incidência de doenças. A identificação de patógenos em orquídeas ainda é pouco explorada, pesquisas associadas a essa área são importantes, pois podem contribuir para o manejo adequado de doenças que ocorrem em orquídeas, favorecendo o controle de agentes patogênicos. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se isolar e identificar fitopatógenos em orquídeas com quadro sintomatológico característico.  Foram isolados e identificados 3 gêneros de microrganismos prejudiciais as orquídeas, dois de etiologia fúngica, Colletotrichum sp. presente em nas seguintes espécies de orquídeas Dendrobium sp., Maxillaria pouciflora, Oncidium baueri, Schonburgkia marginata, Zigosepalum labiosum. O patógeno Lasiodiplodia sp. foi encontrado na espécie Schonburgkia marginata. E o patógeno do gênero Pythium sp. (reino Chromista) foi observado na espécie Maxillaria pouciflora.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Doenças em plantas, Espécies de orquídeas, Fitopatógenos.
Psicofilia em duas espécies de Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl
Authors: Lucena Adjeane Gomes , Lima José Ronaldo Ferreira de , Silva Charlane Moura da , Almeida Natan Messias de
Published: February 2021

RESUMO: A família Asteraceae está entre as maiores das Angiospermas, podendo ser encontrada em todas as regiões do Brasil. Estudos mostram que representantes de Asteraceae apresentam flores com características da Psicofilia (polinização por borboletas) e reprodução simples e rápida. O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a ocorrência da Psicofilia em duas espécies desta família, bem como, analisar a influência dos polinizadores na formação de frutos. A pesquisa de campo ocorreu em uma área antropizada, em uma região de transição entre Mata Atlântica e Caatinga. Foram avaliados o comportamento e frequência dos visitantes florais em duas espécies de Asteraceae, Emilia fosbergii Bercht & P. Presl. e Ageratum conyzoides Bercht. & P. ​​Presl. Além disso, foi analisada a formação espontânea e natural de frutos. Os resultados mostram que E. fosbergii foi visitada por borboletas e abelhas, sendo o primeiro grupo mais frequente. Já A. conyzoides foi visitada por borboletas, e ocasionalmente por besouros em suas flores. A. conyzoides, todos os visitantes florais foram considerados polinizadores. As características morfológicas das flores de ambas espécies limitam a ação de outros visitantes, favorecendo a polinização por borboletas, sendo assim confirmada a Psicofilia. As duas espécies estudadas apresentaram formação de frutos espontâneos e por polinização natural, não diferindo estatisticamente. Apesar de formar frutos espontaneamente em ambas espécies, estas flores se beneficiam da ação dos polinizadores para garantir o fluxo polínico e, consequente variabilidade genética na população.

PALAVRAS CHAVE: Polinização por borboletas, fluxo polínico, autopolinização.
Práticas pedagógicas como ferramenta para a aprendizagem de microbiologia no ensino fundamental
Authors: Silva Maria da Piedade da , Santos Elânia Domingos dos , Trindade Deyse Karoline dos Santos , Araújo Letícia Carla da Silva , Pereira Marianne Martins dos Santos , Fonseca Rosany Raquel de Almeida , Lopes Esmeralda Porto
Published: February 2021

RESUMO: As principais atribuições da microbiologia é estudar a forma, a estrutura, a reprodução, a fisiologia, o metabolismo e a identificação de seres microscópicos, bem como a sua distribuição natural, suas relações recíprocas com outros seres vivos, seus efeitos benéficos e prejudiciais sobre os homens e as alterações físicas e químicas que provocam no ambiente. Neste sentido, objetivou-se com este estudo desenvolver práticas pedagógicas voltadas ao ensino de microbiologia para alunos da turma de 7° ano do ensino fundamental em escola municipal. As atividades foram realizadas na escola de rede municipal localizada na cidade de Arapiraca, no bairro Brasília. O público alvo foram os alunos da 7° do ensino Fundamental II. Aproximadamente 60 alunos participaram das atividades realizadas. Foram realizadas palestras e práticas voltadas as temáticas desenvolvidas durante a intervenção. Após as práticas e palestras, um questionário semiestruturado foi aplicado. Com o resultado do questionário aplicado, pôde-se observar que os alunos não compreenderam exatamente o foco e o que estuda a microbiologia, porém, compreenderam outras questões, como as questões de higiene e patogenicidade de microrganismos. Pode-se afirmar, com base nos resultados, que mais intervenções teórico-práticas para concretizar o conhecimento em relação às temáticas abordadas.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Biologia, Ensino de ciências, Microrganismos.
Levantamento florístico de famílias botânicas em estrato arbóreo-arbustivo no município de Arapiraca- AL
Authors: Silva Luiz Eduardo Bezerra , Souza Giselle Silva de , Lima Luan Lucas Cardoso , Lopes Esmeralda Aparecida Porto
Published: February 2021

RESUMO: Atualmente, as questões ambientais estão cada vez mais presentes na sociedade, em função do elevado nível de perturbações antrópicas dos ecossistemas naturais. Nesse contexto, os levantamentos florísticos surgem para contribuir de forma fundamental na elaboração de estratégias de conservação da biodiversidade, pois oferecem subsídios para a compreensão da estrutura e da dinâmica destas formações. Diante disto, o referido trabalho teve como objetivo inventariar o estrato arbóreo, arbustivo e herbáceo da propriedade Canguru Park, em Arapiraca, Alagoas. O levantamento foi feito por método de caminhamento, efetuando a marcação e coleta dos vegetais ao longo de uma trilha, no decorrer das caminhadas realizadas. As amostras coletadas, passaram pelo processo de herborização e posteriormente deu-se início ao processo de identificação de todo o material. Com auxílio de um estereoscópio foram observadas características morfológicas e anatômicas, tais como, filotaxia, flores e inflorescências. Foram identificados 113 espécimes representantes, dos quais 38,94% com comportamento arbóreo, 30,09% com comportamento arbustivo, 27,43% com comportamento herbáceo e 3,54% com comportamento de epífitas. Das 41 famílias vegetais levantadas, predominaram Fabaceae, com 16 representantes, Arecaceae com 10 representantes, Araceae com 08 representantes e Asparagaceae com 06 representantes, compondo juntas 35,39% da pluralidade de indivíduos coletados. Dos representantes identificados 65,49% são exóticas e 34,51% são nativas.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Composição florística, Diversidade, Conservação.
Utilização do método do caminho crítico em obras no Complexo Naval da Ilha do Governador
Authors: Neves Cleber Nelson da Rocha das , Santos Marcos dos , Gomes Carlos Francisco Simões , Quintal Renato Santiago
Published: February 2021

RESUMO: Sabe-se que o saneamento básico de qualquer instalação impacta diretamente na qualidade de vida das pessoas que habitam ou trabalham naquele espaço, contribuindo inclusive para a preservação ou degradação do ambiente circundante. Assim, este trabalho tem o objetivo de aplicar o método do caminho crítico à obra de esgotamento sanitário do Complexo Naval da Ilha do Governador. Será utilizado o PERT/CPM, Método do Caminho Crítico, em sua execução, com o propósito de acompanhar as atividades das obras de reparo. O referido método fundamenta-se na Teoria dos Grafos, devendo ser utilizado estrategicamente pelo gestor, tendo em vista que indica o conjunto de atividades que não podem sofrer atraso, sob pena de atrasar todo o projeto. No que tange à metodologia, a presente pesquisa pode ser classificada como exploratória e estudo de caso. Com o advento deste estudo, vislumbra-se a possibilidade de se devolver a funcionalidade da rede de esgoto sanitário do aludido Complexo Naval, manter todas as características de operação do sistema original, recuperar os sistemas de equipamentos da elevatória existente e contribuir com a diminuição da poluição das águas que margeiam as instalações. O estudo encontra-se dividido em cinco seções a saber: Introdução, Descrição do Problema, Fundamentação Teórica, Método do Caminho Crítico e Considerações Finais. Verificando os resultados obtidos com a utilização dos métodos PERT/CPM, foi possível observar a importância do Caminho Crítico das atividades desenvolvidas na obra. Esta pesquisa pode trazer uma significativa contribuição para a sociedade na medida em que o bom andamento da obra em questão pode evitar o despejo de milhares de litros de esgoto in natura na Baía de Guanabara.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Esgoto Sanitário. Método Caminho Crítico.
Cultura Campesina: um enfoque sobre a negação da identidade do sujeito do Campo no livro didático de Arte
Authors: Santos Jaklane de Abreu , Borba Sara Ingrid
Published: February 2021

RESUMO: O referido trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar os enfoques sobre a negação da cultura campesina em um livro didático de Arte, bem como as impossibilidades que este material apresenta para a construção identitária do aluno do campo. Analisou-se a composição didática do material: conteúdos, textos, imagens, onde fora levado em consideração os aspectos teóricos de Caldart (2011), Saviani (2007), Arroyo (2011), Hall (2004), Araújo (2016) e outras fontes essenciais. A construção do trabalho se deu por meio de estudo teórico, análise documental e pesquisa participante, de base qualitativa, resultando na compreensão de que o documento analisado não traz enfoques que permitam a construção identitária do aluno do campo.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Educação do Campo, Livro didático, Construção identitária.