bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Globalisation of Diseases: The Challenges of COVID-19 Pandemic and Public Health System in Nigeria
Authors: Adesina Ayesoro Sunday
Published: August 2021

Globalisation is a process that integrates the world socio-economic system through trade liberalization, the free movement of people, technologies and information. It has equally made the spread of infectious diseases much easier globally. In essence, infectious diseases such as COVID-19, are easily transmitted across the countries of the world through the network created by globalisation poses serious challenges to the world health system, particularly developing countries like Nigeria. Public health system in Nigeria is overwhelmed by the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, which further exposes the country to the adverse effects of globalisation such as dependence and unequal relationship between her and the developed countries. Although the challenging situation provides Nigeria an opportunity to overhaul her public health system, the current poor global economy has further worsened the problems. This paper analyses the situation, and recommends that Nigerian government should look inward to develop her Public health system in a more sustainable way, also, the economy should be repositioned to reduce the level of dependence, and resources should be redirected to adequately fund education and research to support the health sector. The analysis is based on the premises of dependency perspective
Chemical protection of the onion from phytophages in the Right-Bank of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine
Authors: Kudla V. , Tkalenko G. , Ignat V.
Published: August 2021

Goal. To monitor the species composition of the harmful entomocomplex of onions and determine the effectiveness of modern insecticides in different ways of their application (spraying and seed treatment).

Methods. Laboratory and field studies were carried out according to generally accepted methods and using classical methods of entomology; vario-statistical analysis.

Results. It has been established that on the crops of the onion of the onion in the right bank forest-steppe of Ukraine, 11 species of phytophages are dominated by the most numerous: Delia antigua Mg., Trips tabaci Lind., Ceuthorrhynchus jakovlevi Schultze and Eumerus strigatus Fall. Species composition of pests on the hybrids of antelope F1, Dyton F1, Bank F1 and Halkodon varieties and the globe was the same, but the number was significantly different. The hybrids of the foreign selection, the size of the onion flies was at a level of 3.5—12.7 l./р., And on the varieties of Halcodon and the globe — 5.1—16.6 l./р. It was investigated that the technical efficiency of onion seed disinfectants was: Cruiser 350 FS, because — 79.3% and Celeste Top 312.5 FS, TH — 71.7%. The greatest technical efficiency of the tested insecticides against the dominant phytophages with double spraying of onion crops was provided by Engio 247 SC, KS — 78.5% and Lannat, 20 RK — 74.6%.

Conclusions. It was found that the use of seed disinfectants drugs Cruiser 350 FS, because (0.15 l/t) and Celest Top 312.5 FS, TN (0.1 l/t) and two treatments with Engio 247SC, KS (0.18 l/ha) provide protection of onion crops from pests and their control, both in the initial stages of development and during the growing season.
The biological preparations efficiency research for potato alternaria blight decrease in terms of Western Foreststeppe of Ukraine
Authors: Melnyk A. , Kyryk M.
Published: August 2021

Goal. was to research biological preparations efficiency usage in alternaria blight harmfulness decrease and to develop effective cultivar protection system.

Methods. Field and laboratory — vegetative researches. Tubers were treated by allowed biological preparations as Lists of pesticides: Planrise (Pseudomonas fluorescens, strain AR-33), Phytodoctor (Bacillus subtilis); MicoHelp (Trichoderma, Bacillus subtilis, Azotobacter, Enterobacter, Enterococcus) for disease developing decrease. The present preparations were used for spraying in future. The treating during the growing period favoured the plant organism resistance to stress conditions of environment. The first plant treating was conducted at the blossoming beginning before alternaria blight appearing on plant’s leaves plants. The second spraying was conducted during the first spots appearing on the plates of early potato varieties.

Results. The researches results biological preparations: Planrise, Phytodoctor, MicoHelp treating potato defeated plants by alternaria blight were proposed. The biological preparations relative high efficiency was determined.

Conclusions. The researched preparations technical efficiency was also depended upon the conducting testing variety. The biological preparation MicoHelp (variety Serpanok) showed the highest technical efficiency (46.2%) during the plant treating against potato alternaria blight. The preparation MicoHelp (variety Svitanok Kyivskyi) showed the highest efficiency during the potato treating in vegetation period. So the biological control protection means usage in the modern potato varieties allows to decrease negative impact of used preparations and put into production effective and ecologically — friendly means for alternaria blight limit in terms of Western Foreststeppe of Ukraine.
Сontrol of potato diseases and pests using modern insecto-fungicidal products
Authors: Borzykh O. , Shyta O. , Serhiienko V. , Tkalenko H.
Published: August 2021

Goal. To study the effect of insect-fungicidal dressing agents on the development of diseases and damage by pests to potato tops and tubers during the growing season and during harvesting. Determine the effectiveness of drugs.

Methods. Investigated combined dressing agents containing preparations of insecticidal and fungicidal action. The setting of experience, observation, accounting of harmful objects and determination of the effectiveness of the drugs were carried out using generally accepted research methods. Tuber analysis was carried out by determining each fraction in relation to the total mass of potatoes in the selected samples. The yield was determined by the gravimetric method.

Results. The use of insect-fungicidal dressing agents for the pre-planting treatment of potato tubers has shown their high efficiency. The effectiveness of the disinfectants against the Colorado potato beetle was 100% the entire period from the emergence of adults to the mass development of larvae. Against dry spot, which dominated in potato plantings, the treatment efficiency was at the initial period at the level of 43.6—53.2%, for the entire observation period — at the level of 26—36%, depending on the preparation. The drugs Emesto Quantum, 273.5 FS, TH and Celest Top 312.5 FS were characterized by a high level of protective action, because with. The use of insect-fungicidal dressing agents increased the yield of healthy standard products by an average of 30% due to a decrease in tubers affected by diseases and damaged by pests. The potato yield in the experimental variants was 2.4—2.8 times higher than in the control (without treatment).The highest yield was obtained in variants with the use of the preparation Celest Top 312.5 FS, because with. and a mixture of insecticidal and fungicidal disinfectants Cruiser 350 FS, because with. + Maxim 025 FS, because with.

Conclusions. The use of combined insecticidal and fungicidal disinfectants for the treatment of potato tubers had high technical, economic and economic efficiency. Treatment of tubers 100% controlled the development of the Colorado potato beetle during its mass development and significantly limited the development of Alternaria during the growing season. Due to the limitation of the development of pests and diseases on the tops and tubers, the yield of potatoes in the variants with dressing of tubers was 2.4—2.8 times higher than in the control (without treatment).
Anti-resistant plant protection system against harmful arthropods
Authors: Vlasova О. , Sekun M. , Zatserklyana M.
Published: August 2021

Goal. To substantiate and develop an anti-resistant system of protection of crops and perennials from harmful arthropods.

Methods. The sensitivity of phytophages on natural populations collected on winter wheat, soybean, and rapeseed crops was determined by various methods of their poisoning: immersion of insects on inhabited plants, immersion of insects in gauze bags for 3 seconds. in a suitable solution of insecticide. The methods are based on the study of the pest’s response to a series of doses of the drug — from the minimum, causing mortality of 5—10% of normal-sensitive individuals, to the maximum (mortality of 90% or more). Toxicological parameters were calculated using the PROBAN program.

Results. Different sensitivity of natural populations of arthropods to modern insecticides is revealed. Techniques for the rational use of insecticides populations and the use of alternative biological and immunological methods.

Conclusions. An effective measure to prevent and inhibit the formation of resistant populations of harmful arthropod species to insecticides is an anti-resistant plant protection system. It includes monitoring the resistance of natural populations of harmful phytophagous species, identifying the type of resistance and the rational use of chemicals.
Considering Sanctions Compliance in Light of UCC 4A
Authors: Zytnick Michael , Gimbert Alaina
Published: August 2021

As part of a bank’s financial crime compliance program, it is increasingly common to screen and halt the processing of a payment order for compliance investigation where reference is made to a potential, but unconfirmed, target of United States economic sanctions. This essay discusses challenges under Article 4A of the Uniform Commercial Code concerning the timing of such an investigation and the creation of potential liability where a bank wrongly accepts by execution a previously halted payment order received from a sender following five funds transfer business days after the relevant execution date or payment date of that order. In Part II, this paper presents a brief overview of the use of funds transfers in the United States and reviews the application of Article 4A of the Uniform Commercial Code, including rejection, acceptance, cancellation, and amendment of a payment order. In Part III, the paper overviews United States economic sanctions, the implementation by banks of technology designed to identify and halt the processing of a payment order referencing a potential sanctions target, and the timeframe that may be required to investigate a halted payment order. In Part IV, the paper reviews application of Article 4A’s automatic cancellation and “money back guarantee” provisions where a payment order under its purview is wrongly effected and loss allocation between funds transfer parties for such events. Part V describes possible contractual and legislative changes to address the balance of Article 4A’s automatic cancellation of an unaccepted payment order after five funds transfer business days, sanctions compliance efforts undertaken by banks, and the policy goal of completing funds transfers efficiently.
Polling stations - the main cornerstone of elections
Authors: Tsiala Meladze Tsiala Meladze
Published: August 2021

In this article, we discuss the legislative proposal submitted by us, according to which we request an amendment to Article 61, Part 1, Paragraph 1 of the Election Code of Georgia, according to which a new function was added to the member of the flow regulation commission - if necessary, electronically check In the list. In addition, Article 58 (4) (b) of the law requires a change, according to which special places for election observers and party representatives will be allocated at the polling station on polling day, from where they will be able to freely observe the election process at the polling station.
With these changes, the Election Code of Georgia will be able to better regulate the problems existing at the polling station on the polling day; It serves to create a safe, comfortable electoral environment for both the voter and the other persons involved in the election process in the line of duty.
Keywords: Elections, Legislative Proposal, Election Code
Anthropological research into a family tomb from Vetlá cemetery (Bohemia, 19th–20th centuries), with a focus on the morphological similarity of biologically related individuals.
Authors: Cvrček Jan , Velemínský Petr
Published: August 2021

In common osteological practice, there are few opportunities to verify the relationship between morphological similarity and the biological relatedness of individuals. This contribution expands knowledge in this area based on research into a family tomb from Vetlá (Bohemia, 19th–20th centuries), where 131 non-metric cranial traits were monitored in 7 skulls and the degree of similarity between individuals was calculated using a similarity coefficient. Trait frequencies were evaluated within the family and compared to a reference sample. Due to the small number of individuals statistical methods were not applied, and the authors focused on graphical representation of the results. It was confirmed that a positive relationship between the degree of similarity of individuals and their degree of relatedness is visible. At the same time, in the group of biologically related individuals a greater similarity and a lower degree of its variability was apparent than in unrelated individuals. The average frequency of all the evaluated traits together also appears to be higher in the family sample than in the reference sample. In addition, several individual traits were found to support the documented kinship of individuals, not only on the skulls but also on the scapula.
YANSITICI DÜŞÜNMEYE DAYALI ÖĞRETİMİN SOSYAL BİLGİLER DERSİNDE UYGULANMASI
Authors: GÜL Mustafa , YÜCEL-TOY Banu
Published: August 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı yansıtıcı düşünmeye dayalı öğretimin 7. sınıf Sosyal Bilgiler dersindeki uygulama sürecini, bu uygulamanın öğrencilerin bilişsel ve duyuşsal gelişimlerini nasıl etkilediğini incelemektir. Bu çalışma eylem araştırması deseni temele alınarak karma yöntemle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın nicel boyutunda tutum ve yansıtıcı düşünmeye yönelik ölçek verileri yer alırken, çalışmanın nitel boyutunda öğrencilerin deneysel işleme yönelik görüşleri ve araştırmacının gözlem bulguları yer almıştır. Bu çalışmada amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden kolay ulaşılabilir durum örneklemesi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma süresince yansıtıcı düşünme çerçevesinde hazırlanan etkinliklerle bu beceri ve derse karşı tutumu geliştirmeye yönelik planlanan döngüler içinde öğrenme yaşantıları hazırlanmış, uygulamalar gözlem ve etkinliklerin sonuçlarına göre değerlendirilmiş ve düzenlemeler yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın sonunda, yansıtıcı düşünme temelli öğrenme yaklaşımı çerçevesinde gerçekleştirilen öğretim sürecinin öğrencilerin yansıtıcı düşünme becerilerini geliştirdiği ve öğrencilerin Sosyal Bilgiler dersine yönelik tutumlarının olumlu yönde artmasını sağladığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
EXAMINING THE TWO AND THREE DIMENSIONAL SPATIAL VISUALIZATION SKILLS OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: DOKUMACI SÜTÇÜ Neşe
Published: August 2021

In this research, it is aimed to determine the spatial visualization skills of the secondary school students, evaluate them in terms of some variables, and compare with their achievements of the mathematics and science course. Descriptive and correlational screening models were used in the study. The sample of the research is 506 secondary school students. The Spatial Visualization Test and a personal information form were used. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance and the Spearman-Brown correlation coefficient were used to analyse the data. In the research, spatial visualization skills of the students who took pre-school education were significantly higher than those who did not take. Two dimensional spatial visualization skills of the 8th grade students were found to be significantly higher than the 6th and 7th graders, while the three dimensional spatial visualization skills of the 7th and 8th graders were significantly higher than the 6th grade students. In addition, spatial visualization skills of secondary school students who play geometric-mechanical intelligence games and computer games are significantly higher than those who do not play these games. Positive and significant relationship was found between spatial visualization skills of secondary school students and their accomplishment in mathematics and sciences.
SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONS, AN EXPERIENCE AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Lailama Shah  , Shahzada Amir Muhammad Baber  , Shabir Ahmed Lehri  , Khan Muhammad iqbal , Ibrahim Baloch
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Surgical site (SSI) infections are important cause of morbidity and mortality in admitted patients worldwide. The objective is to determine the incidence of surgical site infection in General Surgical ward of tertiary care hospital.

METHODOLOGY: Analytical cross-sectional study conducted at Department of General Surgery, Bolan Medical College/ Post-Graduate Medical Institute Quetta (PGMI) for a period of one year from 1st August 2019 to 31st July 2020.  Descriptive statistics were used to present social economics, factors related to surgery and surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis received. Chi square test was used for checking association between infections and different factors keeping p≤ 0.05 as significant.

RESULTS: A total of 1500 patients underwent surgery, of which 500 (33.33%) patients were operated as elective cases and 1000 (66.66%) cases as emergency. Out of total 600 (40%) patients developed Surgical Site Infection (SSI). Risk associated with higher incidence of SSI was found to be age (30-45 years) and Diabetes mellitus (uncontrolled diabetes in perioperative period). Postoperatively obesity was noted to be having significant effect with p=0.002, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score having p-value 0.045, hospital stay with p<0.001 and surgical type and previous surgical history with p<0.001, were as duration of surgery was having <0.001.

CONCLUSION: Prevention of SSI’s requires a multipronged approach with emphasis on optimizing preoperative issues, adhering to strict protocols during the intraoperative period and addressing and optimizing metabolic and nutritional status in post-operative period.
ACTIVITIES FOR PHYSICALLY DISABLED IN ISOLATION OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Bin Yar Usama
Published: August 2021

Disability is one of a major health problem and billions of disables are suffering in these days of the coronavirus epidemic. As every individual has confined himself in quarantine including disable people. And on the other hand, most importantly people suffering from disabilities are under-going compromised rehabilitation, which ultimately has an adverse effect not only on their health but also on mental health. So, to compensate for their physiological loss, it is necessary to guide the disable community about their health and especially maintaining it through exercise as it is a major healthcare concern nowadays. To overcome such healthcare issues, especially in the case of disabled population, the main aim is to recommend a set of exercises and physical activities to remain fit and active in isolation. The exercises are suggested for amputees, handicapped and bedridden patients. Doing exercise will not only maintain the physical health of disable ones but also improve mental health. Mental health is more important for disable people as they are emotionally sensitive and weak health-wise.
VARIETY OF DRUGS SOLD WITHOUT PRESCRIPTION FOR COMMONLY PRESENTING COMPLAINTS IN RURAL AND URBAN PHARMACIES OF FAISALABAD DISTRICT
Authors: Muhammad Hamza Rana  , Muhammad Husnain  , Muhammad Hamza Iqbal  , Noor-i-Kiran Naeem  , Usman Muhammad , Yaqoob Yasir
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Pharmacies play an important role in provision of health care to the community.The objective of the study was to explore the reasons for a variety of drugs sold without prescription for commonly presenting complaints in Rural and Urban Pharmacies of Faisalabad District.

METHODOLOGY: This explanatory sequential mixed method design involved workers from twenty-five pharmacies from urban and rural areas of Faisalabad from February to July 2020. After obtaining informed consent, fifty pharmacy workers filled a pre-designed questionnaire (followed by twenty-five semi-structured, individual, face-to-face interviews. Quantitative data was analyzed via SPSS software and transcribed interviews were organized manually for data analysis.

RESULTS: Response rate was 76.2%. As reported by the pharmacists,40% and 90% of urban and rural population respectively came to pharmacies for over-the-counter drugs. Fifty percent belonged to middle class among urban and 70% belonged to rural population. Data analysis led to formation of 36 codes, 6 subthemes and 3 themes. Out of the four reasons quoted by the pharmacists (time constraints, lack of basic facility locally, financial constraints, and myths/fear of going to doctor), there was a statistically significant difference for rural population going directly to pharmacies because of financial constraints.

CONCLUSION:

Lack of education and financial constraints are the leading influential factors for people taking over-the-counter drugs in both rural and urban population, with time constraints being at the top list among urban population. Robust policies and public health care programs can lead to public awareness at large and can help in creating an environment of health care provision with MINIMAL RISKS.
COMPARISON OF EFFICACY OF INJECTABLE STEROIDS VERSUS CONSERVATIVE MANAGEMENT FOR DE QUERVAINS’S TENOSYNOVITIS
Authors: Nasim Ilyas  , Fouzia Hanif  , Rajesh Kumar Panjwani  , Sheikh Kashif Rahim  , Asma Abdul Qadeer  , Abdul Hameed
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: De Quervain's tenosynovitis is tenosynovitis of the abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis tendons, occurs due to chronic overuse of the wrist and hand. To compare effectiveness of steroid injection with conservative management of De Quervains’s tenosynovitis.

METHODOLOGY: Randomized prospective study was conducted at the various private orthopedic clinic across Rawalpindi district, along with collaboration of community medicine department, Rawal Institute of health sciences, Islamabad. The study population was divided into two groups, i.e., group A and group B. Group A was given inj. corticosteroid and group B was given conservative management. The severity of pain (Visual analogue scale) and Finkelstein test were recorded on baseline and after 3 weeks follow up.

RESULTS: Our study included 96 diagnosed cases of de Quervains tenosynovitis on a positive Finkelstein test; 48 were given corticosteroid injection and 48 were conservatively treated. The mean age in corticosteroid’s injection group was 34.76+6.95 years whereas the mean age in conservative management group was 31.7+8.91 years. Post-intervention 13, 29 patients had a positive Finkelstein test in corticosteroid and conservative groups respectively. Although the difference in pre intervention pain score between the two groups was not statistically significant but significantly lesser pain scores in the corticosteroid group; (p= 0.00).

CONCLUSION: Steroid injection produced better results in terms of relief in pain and negative Finkelstein test as compared to conservative treatment.
EFFICACY OF TAMSULOSIN IN PATIENTS WITH BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA IN TERMS OF TRIAL WITHOUT CATHETER, A RANDOMIZED CONTROL TRIAL
Authors: Farhan Khan  , Usman Qamar  , Saifullah Muhammad , Muhammad Sheraz Javed  , Ahsan Ali Arain  , Muhammad Sohail  , Murli Lal
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a prevalent cause of voiding problems in older males and is most commonly associated with acute urological complications, most important of which is acute urinary retention (AUR). α1- antagonists are the treatment of choice for the management of patients with BPH. Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of tamsulosin for the treatment of patients with AUR due to BPH in terms of trial without catheter (TWOC).

METHODOLOGY: This randomized control trial was conducted in a Urology Section, Department of Surgery, SIUT Karachi, from 21-12-2016 to 20-06-2017. Our study included 136 patients who presented AUR due to BPH as per selection criteria. Patients were randomized into two groups. Group A patients received tamsulosin (0.4 mg), and group B patients received placebo drug immediately after insertion of Foley catheter. The success of TWOC was evaluated after 3 days of medical treatment. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS v20.0.

RESULTS: The mean age of the study patients was 59.45 + 8.05 years. The mean duration of BPH disease was 15.39 + 6.84 months. There were 33 (48.5%) patients in the tamsulosin group in which TWOC was successful and only 22 (32.4%) patients in placebo group in which TWOC was successful (p-value 0.04). There was no effect of age and duration of BPH disease on the outcome of this study.

CONCLUSION: Tamsulosin is effective for the treatment of patients with AUR due to BPH.
COMPARISON OF ANTHROPOMETRIC PARAMETERS BETWEEN OBESE MALE PARTICIPANTS WITH AND WITHOUT OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA
Authors: Shagufta Khaliq  , Mudassar Ali Roomi  , Muniza Saeed  , Komal Iqbal  , Shaheena Naz  , Huma Hussain
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: The most common risk factors for Obstructive Sleep Apnea includes: Obesity and increased neck circumference in male gender. The objective of the study was to compare the anthropometric parameters between obese male participants with and without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

METHODOLOGY:  Study was conducted at Department of Physiology, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore during 24 August 2014 to 26 May 2015. Obese males (n=64) with body mass index (BMI) >25kg/m2 and aged 20-45 years were recruited by convenience sampling. Screening of OSA was made by two subjective tools: STOP BANG Questionnaire, and Berlin Questionnaire while final diagnosis was made by overnight portable pulse oximetry. Study population was divided into two groups. Group-I comprised of 32 obese males with OSA. Group II had 32 obese males without OSA. BMI, neck circumference, and waist circumference were measured by standard methods.Comparison of variables was done between the groups by Mann-WhitneyUtest and t-test.

RESULTS:  BMI was higher in group-I than in group-II (p=0.004). Median BMI for group-I was 30.83 (28.16–32.80) and for group-II was 27.99 (26.59–30.08) Kg/m2. A significantly higher neck circumference (p<0.001) was present in group-I (41.95±2.40cm) than group-II (39.66±2.07cm). Moreover, significantly higher median waist circumference (p<0.001) was present in group I (107.5cm)  as compared to group-II (98.5cm).

CONCLUSION: Anthropometric parameters (BMI, neck circumference, and waist circumference) are higher in obese individuals with OSA as compared to obese males without OSA.
COVID-19 KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICES BETWEEN PAKISTANI MEDICAL AND NON-MEDICAL STUDENTS
Authors: Bushra Suhail  , Ayesha Masood  , Javaria Baig  , Sara Mukhtar  , Sarah Aftab  , Tahir Jamil
Published: August 2021

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: This study investigated medical and non-medical students’ knowledge, attitude, and preparedness regarding COVID-19 pandemic, to groom volunteers and future healthcare providers in a better way.

METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study was completed from April to May 2020 during the first wave of COVID-19. An online questionnaire was distributed using internet and social media (SM). The questionnaire was composed of several parts concerning to demographic data, knowledge, attitude, and practices.

RESULTS: This study included 1851 students [1041(56.54% medical, 810(43.46%) non-medical students)]. Medical students had significantly better knowledge about the contagious nature, spread and treatment of coronavirus. Non-medical students showed more risky behavior compared to medical students (p = 0.005). The use of masks and the frequency of handwashing was better among medical students as compared to non-medical students (p< 0.001; p< 0.014, respectively). The odds ratio indicates that students of the age group 21-25 years (45%) and medical students (75%) were more likely to have a positive attitude.

CONCLUSION: This study revealed good knowledge, positive attitudes, and good practices towards COVID-19 among medical students. Still, a minority of participants from both groups revealed misconceptions and relatively poor conceptual knowledge regarding the disease.
Panic Buying, Bauran Pemasaran, Citra Merek dan Keputusan Pembelian Produk
Authors: Sarsanto Bonifasius Wisandono
Published: August 2021

Bratamed hand sanitizer product as one of many products from PT. Brataco was increasing in sales in times of COVID-19 pandemic. The research intension is to find if there is effects of panic buying, marketing mix and brand image on purchasing decision of Bratamed hand sanitizer. Population for the research are all the customers of Bratamed hand sanitizer at PT.Brataco Yogyakarta branch and using accidental sampling technique with direct questioner to collect samples. Variables used for this research are Panic Buying (X1), Marketing Mix (X2), Brand Image (X3) for.independent.variables.and.Purchasing Decisions (Y).for.dependent.variable. Multiple.linear.regression is the analysis technique which used and then processed with SPSS for Windows 19 statistic computer program. Based on data analysis and discussion about this research it leads to result that there is an effect from each aspects which is panic buying, marketing mix and brand image on purchasing decision of Bratamed hand sanitizer.
Two new species of Erythroneurini from China (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae)
Authors: Yang Xiao , Luo Guimei , Song Yuehua
Published: August 2021

The leafhopper genus Empoascanara Distant, 1918 encompasses 81 species, most of which are distributed in Afrotropical, Oriental and Australian Realm. The leafhopper genus Kapsa Dworakowska, 1972 encompasses 23 species, mainly known from the Oriental and Australian Realms.

Two new species of the leafhopper tribe Erythroneurini from Guizhou Province, China, Empoascanara dichotomus sp. nov. and Kapsa sinuose sp. nov. are described and illustrated. Identification keys to the males of the genera Empoascanara and Kapsa in China are proposed.
Moral and Professional Values of Nurses in Lebanon
Authors: Kouatly Iman , Nizam Maya , Arawi Thalia , Kurdahi Badr Lina
Published: August 2021

Background:

Moral and professional values vary among cultures. The purpose of this study was to explore the moral and professional values of registered nurses at a university medical center in a Middle Eastern country and determine the relationship among formal ethics education, background variables (age, gender, nursing degree, regular daily prayer), and nurses' professional and moral values.

Method:

A cross-sectional survey method with 123 nurses was used. Data on background variables, moral and professional values, and confidence in ethical decision-making were assessed.

Results:

Professional values were significantly higher among older nurses and nurses with master's degrees compared with younger nurses and nurses with bachelor's degrees. Daily prayer was related to higher mean scores for moral values. Nurses were confident in their ethical decision-making; however, formal education in ethics did not influence professional or moral values.

Conclusion:

Although formal education in ethics did not influence the professional or moral values of nurses in Lebanon, this finding does not negate the need for future studies to investigate the content and duration of ethics education that is likely to affect professional or moral values.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2021;52(9):429–437.]
Function-Focused Goal Attainment and Discharge Outcomes in Hospitalized Persons With Dementia
Authors: Boltz Marie , Monturo Cheryl , Brockway Cindy , Kuzmik Ashley , Jones Joanne Roman , Resnick Barbara
Published: August 2021

Hospitalized persons with dementia are at higher risk for functional decline and cognitive loss related to delirium. Family-centered, function-focused care (Fam-FFC) engages the family care partner in education and active participation in function-focused goal setting, implementation, and evaluation to support delirium prevention and abatement and return to baseline physical function. The purpose of the current study was to examine the association of function-focused goal attainment with two discharge outcomes, return to baseline physical function and delirium severity at discharge, in hospitalized persons with dementia. In the ongoing Fam-FFC clinical trial, the majority of goals (
N
= 433) developed by 134 care partner/patient dyads and nurses address mobility, cognitive stimulation, and self-care. Regression techniques demonstrated that goal attainment was significantly associated with return to baseline function (
B
= 0.826, Wald = 4.17 [1],
p
= 0.041) and lower delirium severity at discharge (
B
= 0.175,
t
= 2.239,
p
= 0.027). Results support the contribution of family engagement in promoting functional recovery of hospitalized persons with dementia. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47
(9), 13–20.]
Acceptability of Socially Assistive Robots Among Cognitively Intact Older Adults: An Integrative Review
Authors: Kachaturoff Melissa , Shidler Kim , Fasbinder Adrienne , Caboral-Stevens Meriam
Published: August 2021

An aging population and technology are two rapidly evolving phenomena occurring simultaneously worldwide. To examine the literature on the acceptability of socially assistive robots (SAR) among cognitively intact older adults, an integrative review of the literature was performed using Whittemore and Knafl's approach. Electronic databases searched included CINAHL, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library. Review was limited to peer-reviewed articles published between 2013 and 2019, in or translated into English language, and included evaluation of the robot within a social context in older adults aged ≥60 years with intact cognition. A total of five articles were included in the review. There were 125 male and female participants in all studies, and the mean age of participants ranged from 66.3 to 77.1 years. The robots studied varied in design and functionality. Findings showed older adults who are cognitively intact find SAR easy to use and useful, suggesting acceptability of SAR. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 47
(9), 49–54.]
An Update on Billing and Coding for the Psychiatric–Mental Health Nurse Practitioner
Authors: Kameg Brayden N. , Kameg Kirstyn
Published: August 2021

Nurse practitioners (NPs) possess expert clinical knowledge that can be optimized to ensure delivery of high-quality care. In the United States, NP scope of practice is generally expanding. With expanding scope of practice comes increased revenue potential, and in some cases, entrepreneurial opportunities for NPs. Therefore, NPs must be familiar with current procedural terminology codes to ensure appropriate billing and maximize reimbursement from payers. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 60
(2), 11–13.]
Effects of Mindfulness-Based Interventions on Depressive Symptoms and Alcohol Craving in Individuals With Comorbid Alcohol Use Disorder and Depression: A Systematic Review
Authors: Reangsing Chuntana , Wimolphan Pawadee , Wongsuraprakit Sathit , Oerther Sarah
Published: August 2021

The co-occurrence of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and depression is associated with a seven-fold increased risk of suicide. The purpose of the current systematic review is to synthesize the evidence of the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on depression and alcohol craving in patients with comorbid AUD and depression. Electronic databases were searched using a combination of key words. Seven studies, investigating a total of 349 participants, were included. MBIs improved depression and alcohol craving among individuals with comorbid AUD and depression. Health care professionals can use MBI as adjunctive treatment for decreasing depression and alcohol craving. Future research is needed to explore how MBIs can be tailored to specific cultures and to document the longitudinal effectiveness of treatment. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 59
(12), 41–47.]
Families of vector fields with many numerical invariants
Authors: Goncharuk Nataliya , Kudryashov Yury
Published: August 2021

We study bifurcations in finite-parameter families of vector fields on \begin{document}$S^2$\end{document}. Recently, Yu. Ilyashenko, Yu. Kudryashov, and I. Schurov provided examples of (locally generic) structurally unstable \begin{document}$3$\end{document}-parameter families of vector fields: topological classification of these families admits at least one numerical invariant. They also provided examples of \begin{document}$(2D+1)$\end{document}-parameter families such that the topological classification of these families has at least \begin{document}$D$\end{document} numerical invariants and used those examples to construct families with functional invariants of topological classification.

In this paper, we construct locally generic \begin{document}$4$\end{document}-parameter families with any prescribed number of numerical invariants and use them to construct \begin{document}$5$\end{document}-parameter families with functional invariants. We also describe a locally generic class of \begin{document}$3$\end{document}-parameter families with a tail of an infinite number sequence as an invariant of topological classification.
On a curvature flow in a band domain with unbounded boundary slopes
Authors: Yuan Lixia , Zhao Wei
Published: August 2021

This paper is devoted to an anisotropic curvature flow of the form \begin{document}$ V = A(\mathbf{n})H + B(\mathbf{n}) $\end{document} in a band domain \begin{document}$ \Omega : = [-1,1]\times {\mathbb{R}} $\end{document}, where \begin{document}$ \mathbf{n} $\end{document}, \begin{document}$ V $\end{document} and \begin{document}$ H $\end{document} denote respectively the unit normal vector, normal velocity and curvature of a graphic curve \begin{document}$ \Gamma_t $\end{document}. We require that the curve \begin{document}$ \Gamma_t $\end{document} contacts \begin{document}$ \partial \Omega $\end{document} with slopes equaling to the heights of the contact points (which corresponds to a kind of Robin boundary conditions). In spite of the unboundedness of the boundary slopes, we are able to obtain the uniform interior gradient estimates for the solutions by using the zero number argument. Furthermore, when \begin{document}$ t\to \infty $\end{document}, we show that \begin{document}$ \Gamma_t $\end{document} converges to a traveling wave with cup-shaped profile and infinite boundary slopes in the \begin{document}$ C^{2,1}_{\rm{loc}} ((-1,1)\times {\mathbb{R}}) $\end{document}-topology.
A criterion for asymptotic preserving schemes of kinetic equations to be uniformly stationary preserving
Authors: Emako Casimir , Kanbar Farah , Klingenberg Christian , Tang Min
Published: August 2021

In this work we are interested in the stationary preserving property of asymptotic preserving (AP) schemes for kinetic models. We introduce a criterion for AP schemes for kinetic equations to be uniformly stationary preserving (SP). Our key observation is that as long as the Maxwellian of the distribution function can be updated explicitly, such AP schemes are also SP. To illustrate our observation, three different AP schemes for three different kinetic models are considered. Their SP property is proved analytically and tested numerically, which confirms our observations.
Kapur's entropy for multilevel thresholding image segmentation based on moth-flame optimization
Authors: Ji Wenqi ,   College of Computer Science, Harbin Finance University, Harbin 150030, China, He Xiaoguang
Published: August 2021

Multilevel thresholding is a reliable and efficacious method for image segmentation that has recently received widespread recognition. However, the computational complexity of the multilevel thresholding method increases as the threshold level increases, which causes the low segmentation accuracy of this method. To overcome this shortcoming, this paper presents a moth-flame optimization (MFO) established on Kapur's entropy to clarify the multilevel thresholding image segmentation. The MFO adjusts exploration and exploitation to achieve the best fitness value. To validate the overall performance, MFO is compared with other algorithms to realize the global optimal solution to maximize the target value of Kapur's entropy. Some critical evaluation indicators are used to determine the segmentation effect and optimization performance of each algorithm. The experimental results indicate that MFO has a faster convergence speed, higher calculation accuracy, better segmentation effect and better stability.
Three-Layer Stacked Generalization Architecture With Simulated Annealing for Optimum Results in Data Mining
Authors: Kasthuriarachchi K. T. Sanvitha , Liyanage Sidath R.
Published: August 2021

The combination of different machine learning models to a single prediction model usually improves the performance of the data analysis. Stacking ensembles are one of such approaches to build a high performance classifier that can be applied to various contexts of data mining. This study proposes an enhanced stacking ensemble by collating a few machine learning algorithms with two layered meta classifications to address the limitations of existing stacking architecture to utilize Simulated Annealing Algorithm to optimize the classifier configuration in order to reach the best prediction accuracy. The proposed method significantly outperformed three general stacking ensembles of two layers that have been executed using the meta classifiers utilized in the proposed architecture. These assessments have been statistically proven at a 95% confidence level. The novel stacking ensemble has also outperformed the existing ensembles named; Adaboost algorithm, Gradient boosting algorithm, XGBoost classifier and bagging classifiers as well.
Firefly Algorithm Based on Euclidean Metric and Dimensional Mutation
Authors: Wang Jing , Ji Yanfeng
Published: August 2021

Firefly algorithm is a meta-heuristic stochastic search algorithm with strong robustness and easy implementation. However, it also has some shortcomings, such as the "oscillation" phenomenon caused by too many attractions, which makes the convergence speed is too slow or premature. In the original FA, the full attraction model makes the algorithm consume a lot of evaluation times, and the time complexity is high. Therefore, In this paper, a novel firefly algorithm (EMDmFA) based on Euclidean metric (EM) and dimensional mutation (DM) is proposed. The EM strategy makes the firefly learn from its nearest neighbors. When the firefly is better than its neighbors, it learns from the best individuals in the population. It improves the FA attraction model and dramatically reduces the computational time complexity. At the same time, DM strategy improves the ability of the algorithm to jump out of the local optimum. The experimental results show that the proposed EMDmFA significantly improves the accuracy of the solution and better than most state-of-the-art FA variants.
Towards Multi-Finger Dexterous Hand Mechanics Control and Tactile Feedback
Authors: Liu Ying , Jiang Du , Liu Yibo , Yun Juntong , Bai Dongxu , Li Gongfa , Zhou Dalin
Published: August 2021

Abstract：The ever-changing demands of industrial automation and space technology have promoted the rapid development of robotics. Traditional robotic end effectors are difficult to perform smart operations, so there is an urgent need for a robotic hand to perform complex operations instead of humans. In this article, we will focus our attention on mechanical control and haptic feedback. Mechanical control and haptic feedback are necessary conditions for the stable and accurate grasping of multi-finger dexterous hands. Tactile perception can provide stiffness and temperature to multi-finger dexterous hands. Important information makes the function of the dexterous hand more perfect. This article introduces the kinematics and dynamics of dexterous hand fingers, as well as the kinematics and dynamics solving equations, then reviews the current sensors and various control driving methods used in dexterous hands, discusses drive control, and compares each method Pros and cons. Finally, the future development of dexterous hands is predicted.
A Multi Logistics Network Optimization Model of Power System based on Stochastic Demand and Inventory Decision
Authors: Zhang Youpeng , Zhu Jibin , Chang Yunxin , Guo Yonghao , Zhu Chaofeng
Published: August 2021

According to the disposal demand for packets and all kinds of constraints in the current condition, this paper discusses a modeling method of extended double-layer capacitated arc routing problems with Capacitated Arc Routing Problem (CARP) optimization model based on express logistics. The model is described in detail, and the solution of the model is discussed. The paper analyses and discusses the solution to complexity of the model, and proposes a better solution to the double-layer CARP optimization model. According to the scheme, the paper chooses a sort of improved ant colony algorithm to solve the model. And the results show that the scheme is beneficial to controlling the cost of logistics links, to minimizing purchase cost, transportation cost and delivery time. The scheme plays a very imperative role in enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises
The Effectiveness of Historical Documentary Films as Information Technology in Improving Student Learning Outcomes
Authors: Maskun Maskun , Sumargono Sumargono , Pratama Rinaldo Adi , Maydiantoro Albet
Published: August 2021

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of documentary film media on the Dutch East Indies colonial history in Indonesia on student learning outcomes. History learning is a crucial subject in shaping students’ character and nationalism. Dutch East Indies colonialism is one of the topics in high schools in Indonesia. This study used a quasi-experimental research model involving 35 students in the experimental group and 36 students in the control group, with a nonequivalent pretest-posttest control group configuration in class XI SMA. The data analysis showed that the experimental class score averaged 88.14 and the control class averaged 79. These findings indicate a substantial difference between the experimental learning outcomes and the control group learning outcomes. Historical documentary film media has been proven to improve student learning outcomes, especially the experimental group. Therefore, historical documentaries are effectively used to increase students’ knowledge of history subjects.
Memorial-Associated Professor Wilaiporn Bhothisuwan
Authors: Tanomkiat Wiwatana
Published: August 2021

Dr. Bhothisuwan’s academic career in Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj hospital, Mahidol University was successful. She published articles and wrote books on ultrasonography and breast imaging. She was an active member of The Royal College of Radiologists of Thailand, the Radiological Society of Thailand, and the Medical Ultrasonic Society of Thailand. She served in Broad of Directors of The Royal College of Radiologists of Thailand during 1995- 2015 as president for the Medical Ultrasonic Society of Thailand during 2008-2011. We uniformly admired Dr.Bhothisuwan for her clinical expertise, commitment to education, and sweet and worm personality.