bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evolution of transport, accessibility and tourism competitiveness in Extremadura (Spain): a benchmarking analysis
Authors: Sánchez-Rivero Marcelino , Miguel-Barrado Vanessa , Rodríguez-Rangel María Cristina , Pérez-Calderón Esteban
Published: December 2024

The efficiency of the transportation options available to tourists, in terms of convenience and time, directly impacts the competitiveness of a destination in the tourism sector. The aim of this study is to compare how the indicators of accessibility and connectivity of transportation have evolved across Spain's Autonomous Regions. To achieve this, we used indicators related to the sufficiency and connectivity of air and high-speed train services, as well as land accessibility and connectivity, as provided by Exceltur's Monitur reports. For a dynamic analysis, which is essential in assessing this type of infrastructure, we considered the values of these indicators from the first Monitur report (2010) and the most recent one (2018). Based on these values for the 17 Autonomous Regions of Spain, we identified the regions that have gained relative competitiveness and those that have experienced a relative decline. The dynamic analysis conducted in this study has allowed us to classify the regions according to the evolution of their relative competitiveness. It highlights the key areas that destination managers should focus on to design strategies that enhance their competitive position.
Qatar dental student perceptions of Sirona prep-check software for learning crown preparations
Authors: Daas Hanin , Arregui María , Tarrida Lluís Giner , Glanville Rebecca , Ali Kamran
Published: December 2024

Background

Contemporary dental education requires swift assimilation of technological advancements to prepare the future generation of dentists. Integrating digital tools, such as prepCheck software in crown preparations offers a promising avenue for enhancing the learning experiences of dental students. This study aimed to evaluate the perceptions and experiences of undergraduate dental students regarding the use of PrepCheck software for learning crown preparations.

Methods

An interventional study design was employed to investigate the perceptions of undergraduate dental students regarding the use of Sirona prepCheck software their learning experiences in the prosthodontics course at the College of Dental Medicine. were recruited using purposive sampling. Participants received training on crown preparations using standard didactic and practical teaching methods. A total of 64 dental students (Mean age 22.4 years) participated in the study. They were randomly assigned to two groups, 32 participants each. The study group utilized prepCheck software and the control group relied solely on supervisor feedback. Both groups completed their crown preparation labs concurrently, ensuring consistency in training and assessment conditions.

Results

Out of a total number of 66 students enrolled on the course, 64 participated in the study giving a response rate of 96.96%. The overall mean score for all items was 1.01 (95%CI 0.77–1.25), indicating positive perceptions of the participants about prepCheck software. Analysis of variance revealed no significant variation by gender. Thematic analysis of open-ended items identified key themes related to the advantages and challenges of using prepCheck. Advantages included immediate self-evaluation, objective analysis, and feedback, while challenges included operational difficulties and cost concerns.

Conclusion

This study provides insights into the effectiveness of prepCheck in dental education, offering perspectives derived from both quantitative and qualitative analyses. A majority of the participants recommended that digital assessment should be integrated with conventional methods, underscoring the importance of human input through supervisor feedback. The study demonstrates the potential of prepCheck software in enhancing participants’ learning experiences in crown preparation assessment. While digital tools offer advantages such as self-evaluation and objective analysis, they need to be supported with input and feedback from the supervisors.
EdSurvey: an R package to analyze large-scale educational assessments data from NCES
Authors: Zhang Ting , Bailey Paul , Liao Yuqi , Sikali Emmanuel
Published: December 2024

The EdSurvey package helps users download, explore variables in, extract data from, and run analyses on large-scale assessment data. The analysis functions in EdSurvey account for the use of plausible values for test scores, survey sampling weights, and their associated variance estimator. We describe the capabilities of the package in the context of the 2019 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) High School Transcript Study.
Diversified Communication and Harmony of Chinese culture: a historical investigation into the religious-culture exchanges among the Hans, Tibetans, and Mongolians
Authors: Sun Wuhu , Banbur Dorje , Li Yue
Published: December 2024

How can harmonious communication, integration, and coexistence among different ethnicities with distinct cultures be achieved in a multi-ethnic country? What lessons can we draw from China’s multi-ethnic cultural exchanges throughout history? Are Confucianism, Daoism, and Buddhism exclusive to the culture of the Central Plains? These questions are essential for forging a sense of the Chinese nation as one community and building a shared cultural home of the Chinese nation. Throughout Chinese history, the Han, Tibetan, and Mongolian ethnicities have engaged in mutual exchanges and integrations of their respective religious-cultures, fostering mutual promotion and collective growth, leaving behind valuable experiences that shaped the Chinese cultural pattern of “Diversified Communication and Harmony.” Drawing upon extensive literature and materials documenting the religious-culture exchanges and interactions among the Han, Tibetan, and Mongolian ethnicities since the Tang and Song dynasties, this article investigates the interaction, exchange, and integration history of religious-culture among these ethnicities, aiming to explore the historical evolution of this pattern of “Diversified Communication and Harmony”.
Morphological characteristics, developmental dynamics, and gene temporal expressions across various development stages of Aphis gossypii sexual female
Authors: Lü Jingli , Wang Liuyu , Zhang Kaixin , Li Dongyang , Gao Mengxue , Guo Lixiang , Tang Zhijuan , Gao Xueke , Zhu Xiangzhen , Wang Li , Ji Jichao , Luo Junyu , Cui Jinjie
Published: December 2024

Background

Aphis gossypii (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a worldwide polyphagous phloem-feeding agricultural pest, and it can produce offspring by sexual or asexual reproduction. Compared with dozens of generations by parthenogenesis, sexual reproduction is performed in only one generation within one year, and little is known about the sexual reproduction of A. gossypii. In this study, sexual females of A. gossypii were successfully obtained through a previously established induction platform, and the morphological characteristics, developmental dynamics, and temporal gene expression were examined. Subsequently, signaling pathways potentially involved in regulating the growth, development, and reproduction of sexual females were investigated.

Results

The morphological observation showed that from the 1st instar nymph to adult, sexual females exhibited a gradually deepened body color, an enlarged body size, longer antennae with a blackened end, and obviously protruding cauda (in adulthood). The anatomy found that the ovaries of sexual females developed rapidly from the 2nd instar nymph, and the embedded oocytes matured in adulthood. In addition, time-course transcriptome analysis revealed that gene expression profiles across the development of sexual females fell into 9 clusters with distinct patterns, in which gene expression levels in clusters 1, 5, and 8 peaked at the 2nd instar nymphal stage with the largest number of up-regulated genes, suggesting that the 2nd instar nymph was an important ovary development period. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis revealed that a large number of genes in the sexual female adult were enriched in the TGF-beta signaling pathway and Forkhead box O (FoxO) signaling pathway, highlighting their important role in sexual female adult development and reproduction.

Conclusion

The morphological changes of the sexual female at each developmental stage were revealed for the first time. In addition, time-course transcriptomic analyses suggest genes enriched in the TGF-beta signaling pathway and FoxO signaling pathway probably contribute to regulating the development and oocyte maturation of sexual females. Overall, these findings will facilitate the regulating mechanism research in the growth and development of sexual females by providing candidate genes.
Cystatin D serum level in rheumatoid arthritis and its relation to disease activity
Authors: Mohamed Dalia Mohamed Gamal , Taha Sara Ibrahim , Ibrahim Rehab Ali , Mohammed Mohammed Maher , Arafa Shaymaa Gamal
Published: December 2024

Background

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune condition that causes synovitis and functional impairment. Currently, the most often utilized biomarkers for monitoring disease activity and severity are acute phase proteins, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP).

However, discrepancies have been found between the clinical inflammation and their levels. Therefore, there is a strong need for a novel biomarker to forecast how RA will proceed clinically and monitor the response to therapy. This study assessed the diagnostic value of serum cystatin D in RA patients and its potential as a biomarker for disease activity monitoring.

Results

RA patients had considerably greater serum levels of cystatin D than the control group. These values showed a positive correlation with Disease Activity Score-28 (DAS28), ESR, CRP, grayscale synovitis, power Doppler synovitis, grayscale tenosynovitis (p < 0.001), and erosions, sum scores (p < 0.05). Nonetheless, no noteworthy association was observed between the serum cystatin D levels and sociodemographic data, rheumatoid factor (RF), and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP).

Conclusion

Cystatin D serum levels are higher in RA patients compared to healthy subjects and are strongly correlated with the activity of RA. It can be a valuable biomarker for evaluating RA disease activity.
Rare disease genomics and precision medicine
Authors: Hong Juhyeon , Lee Dajun , Hwang Ayoung , Kim Taekeun , Ryu Hong-Yeoul , Choi Jungmin
Published: December 2024

Rare diseases, though individually uncommon, collectively affect millions worldwide. Genomic technologies and big data analytics have revolutionized diagnosing and understanding these conditions. This review explores the role of genomics in rare disease research, the impact of large consortium initiatives, advancements in extensive data analysis, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), and the therapeutic implications in precision medicine. We also discuss the challenges of data sharing and privacy concerns, emphasizing the need for collaborative efforts and secure data practices to advance rare disease research.
Disparities in Utilization of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy Among Older Patients With Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: A SEER-Medicare Analysis
Authors: Yang Danting , Karanth Shama D. , Yoon Hyung-Suk , Yang Jae Jeong , Lou Xiwei , Bian Jiang , Zhang Dongyu , Guo Yi , Yaghjyan Lusine , Akinyemiju Tomi , Rodriguez Estelamari , Mehta Hiren J. , Braithwaite Dejana
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE

In the United States, there are disparities in access to care for patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) on the basis of socioeconomic and racial/ethnic factors. This study investigates the association between race/ethnicity and the utilization of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy among older patients with advanced NSCLC (aNSCLC).

METHODS

This retrospective study used data from the SEER-Medicare–linked database. The cohort included patients (age 66 years or older) diagnosed with aNSCLC (stage III/IV) between March 2015 and December 2017, and they were followed through December 2019. Race/ethnicity was categorized as non-Hispanic (NH)-White, NH-Black, Hispanic, and Other. ICI therapy utilization was determined by identifying any usage of ICI agents (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, durvalumab, ipilimumab, and cemiplimab-rwlc) from the Medicare database. Multivariable logistic regression models assessed the association between race/ethnicity and ICI therapy utilization (yes, no). Effect measure modification analyses were conducted by sex, socioeconomic status, and comorbidity.

RESULTS

The final sample included 26,836 patients; 76.2% were NH-White, 10.1% NH-Black, 5.7% Hispanic, and 8.0% Other. The overall ICI therapy utilization proportion was 17.8%, varying across ethnicities: NH-Black 14.1%, Hispanic 16.3%, NH-White 18.4%, and Other 18.5%. In comparison with NH-White patients, NH-Black patients were 15% less likely to receive ICI therapy (adjusted odds ratio, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.75 to 0.96]). Furthermore, the association between race/ethnicity and utilization of ICI therapy was modified by comorbidity status, sex, and socioeconomic status.

CONCLUSION

NH-Black patients with aNSCLC were less likely to receive ICI therapy than their NH-White counterparts. Our findings indicate the racial/ethnic disparities in ICI therapy utilization and call for further interventions to optimize access to care.
Phase II Trial of the PARP Inhibitor, Niraparib, in BAP1 and Other DNA Damage Response Pathway-Deficient Neoplasms
Authors: George Thomas J. , Lee Ji-Hyun , DeRemer David L. , Hosein Peter J. , Staal Steven , Markham Merry Jennifer , Jones Dennie , Daily Karen C. , Chatzkel Jonathan A. , Ramnaraign Brian H. , Close Julia L. , Ezenwajiaku Nkiruka , Murphy Martina C. , Allegra Carmen J. , Rogers Sherise , Zhang Zhongyue , Li Derek , Srinivasan Gayathri , Shaheen Montaser , Hromas Robert
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE

BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) is a critical cell cycle and DNA damage response (DDR) regulator with mutations (mBAP1) causing a functional protein loss. PARP inhibitors (PARPis) demonstrate synthetic lethality in mBAP1 preclinical models, independent of underlying BRCA status. This study aimed to explore the clinical activity of niraparib in patients with advanced tumors likely to harbor mBAP1.

METHODS

This was a phase II multicenter trial in which refractory solid tumor patients were assigned to cohort A (histology-specific tumors likely to harbor mBAP1) or cohort B (histology-agnostic tumors with other known non–BRCA-confirmed DDR mutations). All patients received niraparib 300 mg orally once daily on a 28-day cycle. The primary end point was objective response rate, and secondary end points included progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival.

RESULTS

From August 2018 through December 2021, 37 patients were enrolled with 31 evaluable for response (cohort A, n = 18; cohort B, n = 13). In cohort A, the best response was one partial response (PR; 6%), eight stable disease (SD; 44%), and nine progressive disease (PD; 50%). This cohort stopped at the first stage following the prespecified Simon's design. mBAP1 was confirmed in 7/9 patients (78%) with PR or SD but in only 3/9 (33%) in those with PD. The median PFS in patients with mBAP1 (n = 10) was 6.7 months (95% CI, 1.0 to 9.2) versus 1.8 months (95% CI, 0.9 to 4.5) for wild-type (n = 8;
P
= .020). In cohort B, the best response was six SD (46%) and seven PD (54%), with SD in those with
ATM
,
CHEK2
,
PTEN
,
RAD50
, and
ARID1A
mutations.

CONCLUSION

Niraparib failed to meet the prespecified efficacy end point for response. However, clinical benefit was suggested in a proportion of patients who had a confirmed mBAP1, supporting further investigation.
Parents' Experiences With and Preferences for Receiving Information About Tumor Genomic Sequencing: Findings From a Qualitative Study and Implications for Practice
Authors: Greene Brittany L. , Barton Krysta S. , Bonkowski Emily , Stasi Shannon M. , Waligorski Natalie , Marron Jonathan M. , Rosenberg Abby R.
Published: December 2024

PURPOSE

The use of up-front tumor genomic sequencing (TGS) is becoming increasingly common in pediatric oncology. Despite this, little is known about how parents receive information about TGS at the time of their child's cancer diagnosis. We aimed to describe parents' experiences with and preferences for receiving information about TGS and to use these findings to inform practical guidance for pediatric oncology clinicians.

METHODS

We conducted semistructured interviews with English-speaking parents (older than 18 years) of patients (younger than 18 years) who had TGS for a new diagnosis of cancer. We analyzed the interviews thematically. Participants also completed a short demographic survey, and we obtained medical information about participants' children via chart review.

RESULTS

We interviewed 20 parents (14 mothers; median age, 38 years) of children who underwent TGS for a newly diagnosed cancer (10 leukemias/lymphomas, three CNS tumors, seven other solid tumors). Children were 6 months to 17 years at diagnosis (median, 6 years). Fifteen parents and their children were White, two of whom were Hispanic and four of whose children were Hispanic. No participants identified themselves or their child as Black. We identified the following themes regarding information delivery about genomic testing from the interviews: (1) those in the parent role have some universal information needs; (2) information delivery preferences vary among parents, even within one family; and (3) parents desire standard yet tailored information delivery.

CONCLUSION

Parents made suggestions consistent with elements of established high-quality communication in pediatric oncology. As genomic testing is more standardly incorporated into childhood cancer care, communication with parents may need to adapt to reflect this. Our findings highlight potential opportunities to support parents in receiving information about genomic testing.
Autonomic Responses to Cold Pain: Effect of Type, Duration, and Habituation in Cryotherapy
Authors: McDowell Jasmine M. , Addington Gretchen , Metzler-Wilson Kristen , Wilson Thad E.
Published: December 2024

Purpose

Cold limb immersion, a form of cryotherapy, can cause cardiovascular changes due to cold-pain induced autonomic reflexes. This cryotherapy treatment side effect has received less attention but could have direct implications for physical rehabilitation of individuals with cardiovascular comorbidities.

Methods

To test hypotheses related to the pressor effects of varied limb sites and surface areas of cryotherapy, two common lower limb injury sites (ankle and knee) were immersed into cold water (15 min, 1-3 °C) and then referenced to a standard cold pressor test (CPT). Beat-by-beat arterial blood pressure (finger photoplethysmography), heart rate (ECG), systemic vascular conductance (SVC; Modelflow), and calf vascular conductance (VC; venous occlusion plethysmography) were measured in 14 healthy participants.

Results

At 2 min, CPT increased mean arterial pressure (MAP; 21 ± 4 mmHg) more than either ankle or leg immersion (15 ± 4 and 15 ± 5 mmHg, respectively; P = 0.015). SVC and calf VC decreased but were not different across treatments (P = 0.417 and P = 0.086). MAP and SVC were not different from 2 min to 15 min of immersion (P = 0.164 and P = 0.522), but calf VC decreased further by the end of immersion (3.1 ± 0.5 to 2.8 ± 0.4 and 2.7 ± 3 to 1.7 ± 0.2 units; P = 0.028). MAP increases with CPT were similar with solely CPT and when CPT followed ankle or leg immersion (27 ± 5 and 23 ± 4 mmHg, respectively; P = 0.199).

Conclusions

These data indicate robust pressor responses without autonomic reflex habituation and that cryotherapy immersion location but not surface area appears to mediate cardiovascular responses. This cryotherapy side effect may be an important consideration for patients with cardiovascular-related comorbidities.
Analysis to assess menstrual poverty in vulnerable and non-vulnerable populations served in a public service in Brazil
Authors: Pratti Lucarelli Adrienne , Ferreira da Silva Amanda Avila
Published: December 2024

Objective: this study aims to identify the factors influencing menstrual period management among vulnerable and non-vulnerable patients treated at the Emergency Department of a public hospital. Methods: the sample comprised patients who sought care at the Emergency Department of Santa Casa de São Paulo between July 2022 and August 2023. Participants were stratified by gender (women, trans men, or non-binary individuals who menstruate) and social vulnerability (homeless, living in non-permanent housing such as shelters, without fixed income, or earning less than the minimum wage). Inclusion criteria were women, trans men, or non-binary individuals who menstruate, aged 18 years or older, and those who signed the Informed Consent Form (ICF). Exclusion criteria were individuals not menstruating or unable to sign the informed consent. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-Square Test. Results: seventy (70) patients participated in this study, 34 of whom were classified as vulnerable and 36 as non-vulnerable. Key differences between the groups included hygiene practices during menstruation, frequency and ability to purchase menstrual products and medications, type of material used, duration of exposure to the material, and health conditions during menstruation. Similarities between the groups were observed in the most commonly used materials, contraceptive methods, menstrual flow volume, and experiences of embarrassment. Conclusion: the study reveals both differences and similarities between the groups. Understanding these factors allows for the proper management of the menstrual period in vulnerable patients, supporting the development of public policies aimed at improving gynecological health outcomes for these populations.
Mortalidade por criptococose no Brasil entre 2020 e 2023
Authors: Vasconcelos Miranda Alice , Blasczak Mosquetta Henrique , Dolenkei Nayara , Ferreira Cruz Toledo Ana Maria , Silva Rios Clara , Teixeira de Cezere Renata , Espíndola Mota Filho Ricardo , Da Silva Santos Ana Luiza , Borges Felipe Alberto Gabriel
Published: December 2024

Objetivo: analisar o perfil epidemiológico da mortalidade por criptococose (CID B-45) no Brasil, entre os anos de 2020 e 2023. Métodos: realizou-se um estudo descritivo, utilizando dados do Sistema de Informação Hospitalar do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH/SUS) e a plataforma DATASUS, considerando variáveis como ano, região, faixa etária, sexo e número de óbitos. Resultados: observou-se que a mortalidade por criptococose apresentou variações regionais, com maior prevalência em indivíduos imunocomprometidos e idosos, principalmente nas regiões Centro-Oeste e Sul. Conclusão: os resultados apontam para a necessidade de ações preventivas e políticas de saúde específicas para as áreas e os grupos populacionais mais vulneráveis.
Protestantismo e positivismo jurídico
Authors: Damasceno Daniel , Cabral Gustavo César Machado
Published: December 2024

Contextualização: A Reforma Protestante foi o primeiro grande movimento contra a tradição jurídico medieval vigente no Ocidente desde o Império Romano. Os reformadores, ao fundarem um positivismo religioso ou teológico de raiz cristã – erigido primordialmente sobre fontes positivas –, lançaram as bases para o surgimento de um positivismo jurídico, fenômeno estranho ao paradigma anterior e sem precedentes históricos na forma de pensar a totalidade do direito, devido à experiência inédita do monismo das fontes.
Objetivos: Avaliar os impactos da Reforma na ascensão e na consolidação do positivismo jurídico a partir do século XVIII, a fim de confrontá-lo com o paradigma anterior. Para isso, será apresentada, de forma breve e reduzida, a teoria clássica do direito, construída ao longo de milênios, cujo principal herdeiro se encontra na tradição escolástica do pluralismo jurídico medieval, bem como o fenômeno do monismo teológico desencadeado pela revolta religiosa contra a Igreja Católica Apostólica Romana, com pauta nos estudos de suas consequências para a legislação positiva e o direito natural.
Método: Esta pesquisa tem natureza qualitativa e exploratória, partindo de uma revisão bibliográfica da literatura acerca do tema mediante um estudo histórico das principais fontes primárias sobre o assunto.
Resultado: Como desdobramento dessa doutrina reformada, o pensamento jurídico ocidental, que era profundamente baseado na filosofia aristotélico-tomista, passou a ser influenciado pela recém-criada Teologia Protestante, particularmente por Martinho Lutero e por juristas protestantes, como Philipp Melanchthon e Johann Oldendorp.
Contribuição: Este artigo contribui para a compreensão da influência desses personagens – muitas vezes esquecidos – na formação do conceito moderno de Direito, enfocando especialmente na sua relação com o Positivismo Jurídico, que nascerá e se consolidará nos séculos seguintes. Concluiu-se que as premissas teológicas postas por Lutero e seus discípulos estiveram no centro do que ficou conhecido como essa corrente típica da Modernidade, e, sem elas, esta linha de pensamento jurídico dificilmente teria encontrado solo fértil para se desenvolver.
Unveiling the fibrotic puzzle of endometriosis: An overlooked concern calling for prompt action
Authors: Anchan Megha M , Kalthur Guruprasad , Datta Ratul , Majumdar Kabita , P Karthikeyan , Dutta Rahul
Published: December 2024

Endometriosis is a benign, estrogen-dependent, persistent chronic inflammatory heterogeneous condition that features fibrotic adhesions caused by periodic bleeding. The characteristic ectopic lesions are marked by a widely spread dense fibrotic interstitium comprising of fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, collagen fibers, extracellular proteins, inflammatory cells, and active angiogenesis. Fibrosis is now recognized as a critical component of endometriosis because of which current treatments, such as hormonal therapy and surgical excision of lesions are largely ineffective with severe side effects, high recurrence rates, and significant morbidity. The symptoms include dysmenorrhea (cyclic or noncyclic), dyspareunia, abdominal discomfort, and infertility. The significant lack of knowledge regarding the underlying root causes, etiology, and complex pathogenesis of this debilitating condition, hinders early diagnosis and implement effective therapeutic approaches with minimal side effects presenting substantial hurdles in endometriosis management. Emerging research offer a close relationship between endometriosis and fibrosis, which is believed to be tightly linked to pain, a primary contributor to the deterioration of the patient’s quality of life. However, the underlying pathophysiological cellular and molecular signaling pathways behind endometriosis-associated fibrosis are poorly addressed. The available experimental disease models have tremendous challenges in reproducing the human characteristics of the disease limiting the treatment effectiveness. Future translational research on the topic has been hindered by the lack of an adequate fibrotic model of endometriosis emphasizing the necessity of etiological exploration. This review article focuses on recent developments in the field and highlight the necessity for novel fibrotic models for early diagnosis, a better understanding the disease’s etiology and develop effective anti-fibrotic treatments. By addressing these knowledge gaps, we want to open fresh avenues for a thorough investigation and extended research in the field of endometriosis.
Influence of perceived congruence in basic moral values on perceived level of ethical leadership: A Russophone organization case
Authors: Belinskiy Alexey , Olsen Carl
Published: December 2024

Background This study investigates the influence of perceived follower–leader congruence in basic moral behaviors, as defined by the morality-as-cooperation theory (MAC), on the perceived level of ethical leadership. Although important for the leadership theory and practice, this association is scarcely covered by the literature. Methods The study employed a mixed-methods approach, consisting of a one-site quantitative survey in Phase 1 carried out in a Russophone logistics company, and a follow-up series of semi-structured interviews within the same population in Phase 2. Results The results of Phase 1 showed a moderate positive correlation (r(54) = [.34;.64], p < .05) between perceived congruence in each MAC element and the perceived level of ethical leadership, whereas the findings from Phase 2 demonstrated that this association is causal. Moreover, the research unexpectedly revealed that the influence of the congruence in care for kin, heroism, and deference is mediated by the congruence in loyalty to the group and reciprocity, with the significance level at p < .05 for all indirect effects. The study also found a moderating role of duration of leader’s moral behavior observation by followers. Conclusions This research advances ethical leadership literature by applying the MAC theory to studying the antecedents of the perceived leaders’ ethicality and revealing the mediating role of some basic moral values in assessing a leader’s ethicality. Besides, the study contributes to the cross-cultural validity of both MAC and ethical leadership theories by testing the respective instruments in a Russophone organization.
The genome sequence of the straw spear-moss, Straminergon stramineum (Dicks. ex Brid.) Hedenas, 1993
Authors: Bell David , Kungu Liz , Long David ,   Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh Genome Acquisition Lab,   Plant Genome Sizing collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: December 2024

We present a genome assembly from a haploid Straminergon stramineum gametophyte (the straw spear-moss; Streptophyta; Bryopsida; Hypnales; Calliergonaceae). The genome sequence spans 326.30 megabases. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 11 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial and plastid genome assemblies have lengths of 104.6 kilobases and 124.69 kilobases, respectively.
The genome sequence of a sawfly, Athalia circularis (Klug, 1815)
Authors: Halstead Andrew , Falk Steven , Boyes Clare ,   University of Oxford and Wytham Woods Genome Acquisition Lab,   Natural History Museum Genome Acquisition Lab,   Darwin Tree of Life Barcoding collective,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective,   Darwin Tree of Life Consortium
Published: December 2024

We present a genome assembly from a female specimen of Athalia circularis (sawfly; Arthropoda; Insecta; Hymenoptera; Athaliidae). The genome sequence has a total length of 201.90 megabases. Most of the assembly (99.53%) is scaffolded into 6 chromosomal pseudomolecules. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 17.77 kilobases in length.
The Procedural Position of the Waste Disposal Costs of Bankrupt Companies: European Convention on Human Rights Standards and Croatian Reality
Authors: Grbic Sanja , Bodul Dejan
Published: December 2024

Practice has shown that bankruptcies can lead to problems of contaminated land for which no one takes responsibility. Generally speaking, this sets off avoidance and shifting of responsibility from the Government of the Republic of Croatia to regional and local self-government bodies and vice versa. Recently, the legislature has amended bankruptcy regulations several times, as well as a series of laws regulating environmental protection. The authors’ intention is to highlight the necessity for more serious consideration of waste management regulations for bankrupt companies.
Prospects and development strategies of the restaurant industry at the regional level
Authors: Kovalchenko K. , Sosyn V.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the prospects and development strategies of the restaurant industry at the regional level in Ukraine. Despite the challenges caused by military actions, the restaurant industry in Ukraine has shown remarkable resilience, as recent years have seen predominantly positive dynamics in the growth of new establishments. This indicates that the industry is recovering and is able to continue its development.
The Ukrainian foodservice market has characteristic regional features. In some areas, the structure of visitors and target audiences changes, also the demand for restaurants in different segments shifts. There is an increasing demand for simpler and cheaper dishes, as well as a rise in the popularity of delivery services. In some regions, difficulties arise with the supply of key products for specialized establishments, leading to an increase in prices. In regions close to the combat zone, the foodservice market faces significant challenges, particularly due to shelling, infrastructure destruction, while in other areas, it recovers more quickly than in others.
The development of the restaurant industry is crucial for the growth of the economy and the well-being of the population. Therefore, it is more important than ever to focus on promising areas for the development of the industry and with it to work out new strategies, considering modern challenges.
Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm - a rare complication of myocardial infarction - a systematic review
Authors: Adamowska Agnieszka , Śniatała Alicja , Bartkowiak Hanna , Grubski Damian , Ziarnik Kacper , Nadolny Filip , Jabłoński Jędrzej , Kania Martyna
Published: December 2024

Introduction
Left ventricular (LV) pseudoaneurysm is a rare but life-threatening complication following myocardial infarction (MI). Unlike true aneurysms, pseudoaneurysms lack myocardial elements in their structure, which increases the risk of rupture and sudden death. The diagnosis is challenging due to its often subtle and nonspecific symptoms. The high mortality rate associated with untreated pseudoaneurysms highlights the importance of awareness and prompt diagnosis. All patients after MI should receive specialized care and follow-up examinations to prevent unattended states of emergency.
Purpose of research
This systematic review aims to discuss a rare complication of MI in a form of LV pseudoaneurysm. Due to its potential asymptomatic course, it is important to highlight the importance of a meticulous clinical and echocardiographic follow-up in all patients with a history of MI.
Materials and methods
The study was conducted through search across PubMed and Google Scholar databases, using keywords such as “left ventricular pseudoaneurysm”, “myocardial infarction”, “post-infarction imagining”, “surgical treatment of pseudoaneurysms”. The analysis focused on scientific literature with validated insights into the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic methods and treatment strategies of the MI complication in a form of left ventricular pseudoaneurysm.
Results and conclusions
The potentially fatal consequences of pseudoaneurysm dictate proactive approach in the treatment of patients with a history of MI. Routine follow-up examinations, comprehensive cardiac imaging and a high clinical alertness are essential for early diagnosis. By providing meticulous post-MI care, healthcare professionals can improve patients outcomes and reduce mortality.
Bank Competition and Risk-Taking Under Market Integration
Authors: Dam Kaniṣka , Sengupta Rajdeep
Published: December 2024

Linkages between bank competition and risk-taking are analyzed in a model where market integration is the principal driver of increased competition. Risk implications of across-market competition under banking market integration are significantly different from that of within-market competition. Although both modes of competition increase the number of competitor banks, across-market competition yields a bank-customer effect that can potentially reverse any relation that prevails between within-market competition and risk-taking. This result suggests that the lack of consensus in the bank competition-financial stability literature is not an anomaly but an inherent feature of the analysis.

This paper was accepted by Victoria Ivashina, finance.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.03495 .
Bringing up baby
Authors: Willis Richard
Published: December 2024

Richard Willis, visiting professor at the University of South Wales, reviews the winner of the Professional Book of the Year at the Nursery World Awards 2024
Sea Turtles in the Anthropocene
Authors: Davenport John
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: Sea turtle species have life cycles that have common features such as oviparity, nesting on sandy beaches, growing as juveniles in surface waters and moving to foraging grounds before migrating— often over long distances—to natal beaches to breed. They are therefore exposed to aquatic and terrestrial influences, both abiotic (e.g. temperature, weather) and biotic (e.g. food availability, predation). Humans have exploited sea turtles for millennia and pressure on their populations has increased dramatically during the ongoing Anthropocene as human influences have increased both in power and global reach. Fishing bycatches generated by powerful unselective gears have largely replaced direct fishing as an existential threat, but meat and egg poaching persist, while burgeoning global wildlife crime threatens sea turtles, especially hawksbills. Habitat loss caused by coastal development and exponential increases in beach-based tourism have reduced nesting success. Sustained losses of coral reef and seagrass habitats have removed foraging grounds for adult turtles and both habitat types are currently projected to disappear before 2100. Environmental degradation has taken several forms. Chemical pollution through the accumulation of organics and heavy metals have affected reproduction and facilitated the transmission of fibropapillomatosis. An emerging threat due to eutrophication also needs to be considered. Marine plastic pollution is already highly damaging to sea turtles; plastic fishing gears ‘ghost-fish’ indefinitely, capturing and killing all life-history stages except eggs, while ingestion of macro and microplastics blocks/damages guts. Rising global temperature has been identified as a potential existential threat for all species because of temperature-dependent sex determination and substantial sea level rise. However, climate change is also projected to cause an order of magnitude increase in the frequency of heat waves and extreme sea level highs, both of which can kill turtle embryos. This Praeger Review concludes with a description of sea turtle occurrences around the British Isles and the anthropogenic influences upon them.
Writing Back: Reconsidering Dictionary Users' Engagement with Webster's Third New International Dictionary
Authors: Bello Anne
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: Reviews and press coverage of Webster's Third New International Dictionary ( W3 ) have been used as proxies for dictionary users' beliefs and practices since the 1960s. Critics of W3 portrayed dictionary users as passively acquiescent to dictionary authority. Language scholars interpreted the widespread criticism of W3 in the popular press as evidence of a "cultural lag" between the public's understanding of language and basic principles of lexicography and linguistics. The controversy surrounding W3 in turn has come to be used as evidence of the American public's desire for dictionaries to provide absolute, prescriptive guidance about usage. This understanding of dictionary use is complicated by the existence of boycotts and protests, which suggest critical, nuanced engagement with dictionaries. Using a set of protest letters sent to Merriam-Webster between 1961 and 1963 as an entry point, this article reconsiders existing narratives about public engagement with W3 . Archival materials indicate that when discussing dictionaries in the abstract, letter writers echo criticisms of W3 from the press, focusing on a desire for prescriptive guidance. However, some writers simultaneously offer nuanced observations about language and express openness to evidence-based lexicography. When recounting their personal use of dictionaries, letter writers also focus on issues other than usage. The letters indicate that the press coverage of W3 reflected beliefs about dictionary authority in the abstract but did not fully capture how members of the public used dictionaries.
"Stop Focusing on What the Dictionary Says!" Meta-Perspectives on Lexicographical Resources of Mountaineering English on Reddit
Authors: Leuckert Sven
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: This study investigates a corpus of five mountaineering-related subreddits (r/alpinism, r/climbing, r/climbharder, r/climbingpartners, and r/mountaineering) with regard to meta-perspectives on lexicographical resources, or how and why users criticize, support, and comment on dictionaries and other lexicographical resources as well as individual entries in these resources. To this end, all word-forms of dictionar*, encyclo*, glossar* , and lexico* in the subreddits were extracted using AntConc (Anthony 2023) and analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively. The study not only shows that Reddit is a useful resource for the investigation of meta-perspectives on lexicographical resources among a specialized community, but also that these attitudes are complex. Users discuss to what extent they believe dictionary definitions to be correct or incorrect, and they reference dictionary entries to support their arguments with what they consider to be authoritative resources, but they also contrast the lived experience of the mountaineer with that of the "armchair" lexicographer. While a dictionary entry may represent authority and thus lend credibility to an opinion to some users, other users dismiss such entries—or even entire lexicographical resources—as being irrelevant or uninformative. Overall, the paper contributes a piece to the puzzle of how people perceive lexicographical resources by examining how the resources are discussed on social media—a space that has become important in many people's everyday lives and is therefore an important domain for lexicographical research beyond dictionary structure or usage.
Your Dictionary Still Needs You: Public Initiatives and OED3
Authors: McPherson Fiona
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: Since its inception, the Oxford English Dictionary has welcomed public contributions. This paper discusses some of the initiatives involving the public since the launch of oed.com in 2000, and the ongoing preparation of the third edition. Increasing digitization of sources and searchable databases mean that editors have been able to improve entries and collect new vocabulary with the help of these contributors. Contributions of a more personal nature have also been submitted. Engagement of this kind continues to underpin and complement the work done by professional lexicographers.
'Til Debt Do Us Part: Canon Law Considerations for Dioceses and Parishes in the Bankruptcy Process
Authors: King William J.
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: This article examines the growing trend of dioceses within the United States filing for bankruptcy, and the interplay between federal bankruptcy law and canon law. From its early roots, bankruptcy law has evolved from punitive systems that benefitted creditors and punished debtors, to modern laws that aim to balance debtor relief with creditor rights. For Catholic dioceses in bankruptcy, an overarching question regards the legal status of parish assets and the relationship between dioceses and their parishes as juridic persons under canon law. These questions address what assets are available to settle claims against the diocese in the bankruptcy proceeding. While dioceses and parishes are distinct legal entities under canon law, this distinction is often misunderstood by civil lawyers, leading to disputes about the inclusion of parish assets in diocesan bankruptcy estates. An option exists, however, for parishes and other entities such as Catholic schools, social service agencies, and the like, to participate as non-debtors in the diocesan bankruptcy. A recent decision of the United States Supreme Court clarified that this must be done with the consent of the creditors, however. Existing canonical norms on the administration of temporal goods are far-ranging in their assistance to dioceses and parishes in remote or proximate preparation for potential bankruptcy. Attention to these provisions mitigates the legal and financial challenges faced by dioceses and parishes in bankruptcy proceedings.
The Problem of Transgender Identity in the Law of Consecrated Life
Authors: Heckel Noach
Published: December 2024

ABSTRACT: In many Western countries, transgender people can change their gender and first name by simply declaring this to the state authorities. Transgender persons can be biologically clearly assigned to the male or female sex but do not feel aligned with their biological sex at the core of their consciousness. Instead, they identify with the opposite sex or neither. This phenomenon raises the question for religious orders of how to deal with the gender identity of individuals within the religious community in the future and whether transgender persons can be admitted to the order. In the Catholic Church, gender assignment is fundamentally based on biological sex. Although, as emphasized by Pope Francis, biological sex can be distinguished from psychological gender, it cannot be separated from it. According to an unpublished note from the Apostolic See from 2018, the admission of a transgender person to the novitiate or for profession is therefore not possible. If a member of a religious institute with perpetual vows confronts their transgender identity, it is up to the superior, together with the affected person, to clarify whether the transgender person can continue to live in the community or whether leaving the institute is advisable or even unavoidable. The latter is generally the case if the person decides to undergo surgical and hormonal treatment to align their body with their preferred gender. However, the admission of transgender persons as diocesan hermits is conceivable under certain conditions.
Wieland's Diogenes: A Cosmopolitan sensus non-communis
Authors: Frey Christiane
Published: December 2024

Abstract: Wieland's novel Dialogen des Diogenes von Sinope from 1770 provides a model for a cosmopolitan mode of non-commonality. A sustained reading of this seldom-read text uncovers a surprisingly provocative rhetoric and textual praxis that challenge false universalisms at the very core of Enlightenment ideals of common sense. The article explores what might lay claim to being the first instance in German literature of an ineluctable and yet, as one could say, cosmopolitan sensus non- communis .