bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seroprevalence and Co‐Circulation of Rift Valley Fever Virus and West Nile Fever Virus in Livestock Population of Afar Region, Northeast Ethiopia
Authors: Megenas Jemberu Alemu , Dadi Mengistu Legesse , Mekonnen Tesfu Kassa , Larrick James W. , Kassa Gezahegne Mamo
Published: August 2024

The distribution, epidemiology, and socioeconomic impact of Rift Valley fever (RVF) and West Nile (WN) viruses are poorly known in areas of sub‐Saharan countries like Ethiopian pastoral region. The human and livestock density in the area has increased greatly in recent years, but little work has been done on arboviral diseases and their potential impact on human and livestock health. The aim of this study was to detect the circulation of zoonotic arboviruses such as Rift Valley fever virus and West Nile viruses in the livestock population and to estimate seroprevalence in Afar pastoral area northeast Ethiopia. Cross‐sectional serological survey was carried out in 736 serum samples from which cattle (224), camel (155), goats (121), sheep (144), and donkeys (92) were tested for the presence of anti‐RVFV and anti‐WNV IgG using a competitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (c‐ELISA) in two purposively selected districts of the Afar region. The present study revealed a 9.1% (95% CI = 8.86–9.29) seroprevalence of co‐circulation of RVF and WNV. High 32/155 (20.7%) seroprevalence of co‐circulation was seen in camels, followed by goat 14/121 (11.6%), cattle 16/224 (7.14%), and sheep 5/144 (3.5%), respectively, and higher 41/421 (9.7%) seroprevalence of co‐circulation was observed in Amibara district than Haruka district. Camels were seven times (OR: 7.016, 95% CI = 2.639–18.653) more likely to be seropositive for the co‐circulation than sheep (p ≤ 0.001). Livestock herds found in Amibara district were 1.2 times (OR: 1.165, 95% CI = 0.680–1.996) more likely to be seropositive for RVFV infection than those in Haruka areas. Given the co‐occurrence of RVFV and WNV circulations, along with often suboptimal human and animal health surveillance in many similar areas’ attention should be given. Investigation of the potential socioeconomic and health impacts of zoonotic arbovirus infections in such areas is crucial. Since both RVFV and WNFV are transmitted through a mosquito vector, avoiding mosquito bites is the primary method of prevention.
A Dual-Payload Antibody–Drug Conjugate Targeting CD276/B7-H3 Elicits Cytotoxicity and Immune Activation in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Zhou Zhuoxin “Zora” , Si Yingnan , Zhang Jiashuai , Chen Kai , George Ashley , Kim Seulhee , Zhou Lufang , Liu Xiaoguang “Margaret”
Published: August 2024

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive and heterogeneous disease that often relapses following treatment with standard radiotherapies and cytotoxic chemotherapies. Combination therapies have potential for treating refractory metastatic TNBC. In this study, we aimed to develop an antibody–drug conjugate with dual payloads (DualADC) as a chemoimmunotherapy for TNBC. The overexpression of an immune checkpoint transmembrane CD276 (also known as B7-H3) was associated with angiogenesis, metastasis, and immune tolerance in more than 60% of patients with TNBC. Development of a mAb capable of targeting the extracellular domain of surface CD276 enabled delivery of payloads to tumors, and a platform was established for concurrent conjugation of a traditional cytotoxic payload and an immunoregulating Toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist to the CD276 mAb. The DualADC effectively killed multiple TNBC subtypes, significantly enhanced immune functions in the tumor microenvironment, and reduced tumor burden by up to 90% to 100% in animal studies. Single-cell RNA sequencing, multiplex cytokine analysis, and histology elucidated the impact of treatment on tumor cells and the immune landscape. This study suggests that the developed DualADC could represent a promising targeted chemoimmunotherapy for TNBC.

Significance: An anti-CD276 monoclonal antibody conjugated with both a cytotoxic drug and an immune boosting reagent effectively targets triple-negative breast cancer by inducing tumor cell death and stimulating immune cell infiltration.
Low–Molecular Weight Cyclin E Confers a Vulnerability to PKMYT1 Inhibition in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Li Mi , Lulla Amriti R. , Wang Yan , Tsavaschidis Spyros , Wang Fuchenchu , Karakas Cansu , Nguyen Tuyen D.T. , Bui Tuyen N. , Pina Marc A. , Chen Mei-Kuang , Mastoraki Sofia , Multani Asha S. , Fowlkes Natalie W. , Sahin Aysegul , Marshall C. Gary , Hunt Kelly K. , Keyomarsi Khandan
Published: August 2024

Cyclin E is a regulatory subunit of CDK2 that mediates S phase entry and progression. The cleavage of full-length cyclin E (FL-cycE) to low–molecular weight isoforms (LMW-E) dramatically alters substrate specificity, promoting G1–S cell cycle transition and accelerating mitotic exit. Approximately 70% of triple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) express LMW-E, which correlates with poor prognosis. PKMYT1 also plays an important role in mitosis by inhibiting CDK1 to block premature mitotic entry, suggesting it could be a therapeutic target in TNBC expressing LMW-E. In this study, analysis of tumor samples of patients with TNBC revealed that coexpression of LMW-E and PKMYT1-catalyzed CDK1 phosphorylation predicted poor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Compared with FL-cycE, LMW-E specifically upregulates PKMYT1 expression and protein stability, thereby increasing CDK1 phosphorylation. Inhibiting PKMYT1 with the selective inhibitor RP-6306 (lunresertib) elicited LMW-E–dependent antitumor effects, accelerating premature mitotic entry, inhibiting replication fork restart, and enhancing DNA damage, chromosomal breakage, apoptosis, and replication stress. Importantly, TNBC cell line xenografts expressing LMW-E showed greater sensitivity to RP-6306 than tumors with empty vector or FL-cycE. Furthermore, RP-6306 exerted tumor suppressive effects in LMW-E transgenic murine mammary tumors and patient-derived xenografts of LMW-E–high TNBC but not in the LMW-E null models examined in parallel. Lastly, transcriptomic and immune profiling demonstrated that RP-6306 treatment induced interferon responses and T-cell infiltration in the LMW-E–high tumor microenvironment, enhancing the antitumor immune response. These findings highlight the LMW-E/PKMYT1/CDK1 regulatory axis as a promising therapeutic target in TNBC, providing the rationale for further clinical development of PKMYT1 inhibitors in this aggressive breast cancer subtype.

Significance: PKMYT1 upregulation and CDK1 phosphorylation in triple-negative breast cancer expressing low–molecular weight cyclin E leads to suboptimal responses to chemotherapy but sensitizes tumors to PKMYT1 inhibitors, proposing a personalized treatment strategy.
Drug Allergies in Older Adults: A Major Problem in a Specific Population
Authors: Kılınç Mehmet , Çölkesen Fatih , Sadi Aykan Filiz , Evcen Recep , Yıldız Eray , Önalan Tuğba , Yılmaz Ergün Ümmügülsüm , Akkuş Fatma Arzu , Gerek Mehmet Emin , Kahraman Selim , Arslan Şevket
Published: August 2024

Introduction: The use of medications in older adults is increasing due to the prevalence of chronic diseases. Data on the characteristics of drug allergies (DAs) in older adults are limited. This study investigated the prevalence and clinical characteristics of DAs in patients aged 65 years and older. Methods: Patient records were examined retrospectively between January 2018 and December 2022. The study included 200 patients aged ≥18 years who met the criteria for diagnosis of type B drug reactions. The patients were divided into two groups: the adult group (18–64 years) and the older adult group (≥65 years). Results: Advanced age was an independent risk factor for the development of anaphylaxis and immediate and delayed hypersensitivity reactions (odds ratio [OR] = 4.296; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.700–10.855; p = 0.002, OR = 3.800; 95% CI = 1.247–11.579; p = 0.019, OR = 3.028; 95% CI = 1.248–7.343; p = 0.014, respectively). Older adults had higher rates of comorbidities and polypharmacy (p < 0.001, p = 0.016, respectively), beta-lactam antibiotic allergy (p < 0.001), and hospitalization and intensive care unit (ICU) admission for DAs (p = 0.024, p = 0.045, respectively). Conclusion: Older age was an independent risk factor for anaphylaxis and both immediate and delayed reactions. Older adults had higher rates of comorbidities, polypharmacy, beta-lactam antibiotic triggers, and hospitalization and ICU admission.
Diversity and distribution of springtails (Collembola) from Jharkhand, India
Authors: Roy Koushik Kumar , Mandal Guru Pada , Suman Kusumendra Kumar
Published: August 2024

This paper included the diversity and distribution of collembolan fauna in Jharkhand. A checklist of collembolan fauna from Jharkhand has been formulated. Endemic species from Jharkhand have also been reported. Affinities between species and habitat as well as another species of Collembola is basic character for diversity as well as distribution. Different types of methodologies have been deployed for collection from distinctive habitats. Climatic conditions are the limiting factor for species distribution and endemism. Lepidocyrtus is the most diverse and distributed genus. Isotomurus is the highest endemic genus. Some collembolan fauna from Jharkhand are prevailing only in this state while some are distributed in different biogeographic zone in world.
An updated checklist of the skippers (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) of Bhutan
Authors: Wangdi Karma , Poel Piet van der , K.C. Sajan
Published: August 2024

The authors conducted a comprehensive review of Hesperiidae species in Bhutan, scrutinizing three existing checklists and 25 new records presented by Van der Poel et al. (2023). A thorough examination of all available documents and evidence confirmed 145 Hesperiidae species in Bhutan, with four additional species listed as tentative and one as “cf.” (requiring further research). The updated checklist excludes 14 species that were listed in one or more of the three existing checklists and provides justifications for not including these species. Additionally, 11 unverifiable or wrongly identified species presented by non-peer-reviewed sources were not included in the checklist. Sixteen species with no verifiable records in the last 70 years were also identified. This review provides a comprehensive and authoritative checklist of Hesperiidae species in Bhutan.
Discovery of a new Myristica swamp in the northern Western Ghats of India
Authors: Desai Pravin , Sadekar Vishal , Desai Shital
Published: August 2024

Myristica swamps are one of the world’s unique freshwater ecosystems. In recent years there has been an increase in reports about their distribution along the Western Ghats. In this paper, we present a new distribution record for Myristica swamps in the northern part of the Western Ghats in Maharashtra. The Myristica swamp is located within the Bhalandeshwar Sacred Grove of Kumbral Bagwadi, Dodamarg Maharastra, India. This forms the second report from the state of Maharastra. Frequent field visits were made to study and document the floral assemblage and biodiversity in the swamp from November 2023 to January 2024. The swamp is dominated by Myristica magnifica Bedd. and is part of a sacred grove protected by villagers due to religious beliefs. The second discovery of a Myristica swamp with a gap of just six years points out to the potential existence of more swamps in the region. Therefore, systematic surveys are needed to document undocumented swamps in various areas.
Cerebrovascular Complications in Bacterial Meningitis
Authors: Deliran Shahrzad S. , Brouwer Matthijs C. , van de Beek Diederik
Published: August 2024

The objective is to describe a comprehensive analysis of patients with bacterial meningitis exacerbate by cerebrovascular complications. We reviewed the literature on cerebrovascular complications in adult patients with bacterial meningitis. Cerebrovascular complications occur in one fourth of patients with bacterial meningitis. The most common cerebrovascular disease complicating bacterial meningitis are cerebral infarctions (9%–25%), intracerebral hemorrhage (1%–7%), cerebral venous thrombosis (1%–10%), and subarachnoid hemorrhage (1%–5%).
Streptococcus pneumoniae
and
Staphylococcus aureus
are the primary causative pathogens leading to these complications. The pathophysiological mechanisms have not completely been elucidated but involve vasculitis, endothelial dysfunction, hypercoagulability, aggregation, and complement activation. Cerebrovascular complications are important predictors of unfavorable outcome and death, and the use of adjunctive dexamethasone has been described to reduce the incidence. In conclusion, cerebrovascular complications are common in bacterial meningitis and are strongly associated with unfavorable outcomes and death. Although our understanding of the pathophysiology is evolving, there remains a need for novel treatment strategies to address these complications.
Enabling the Assimilation of CrIS Shortwave Infrared Observations in Global NWP at NOAA. Part II: OSEs and Results
Authors: Jones Erin , Garrett Kevin , Ide Kayo , Karpowicz Bryan , Barnet Christopher , Ma Yingtao , Boukabara Sid
Published: August 2024

The assimilation of data from hyperspectral infrared sounders in global data assimilation systems has historically been focused on observations in the longwave infrared (LWIR) region of the spectrum (650–1100 cm−1) despite the often concurrent availability of measurements from the shortwave infrared (SWIR) region of the spectrum (2150–2550 cm−1) because issues (like solar effects) have generally prevented the assimilation of SWIR observations. Recent advances in radiative transfer models have worked to address some of the previous challenges in simulating SWIR observations, and the assimilation of SWIR data (e.g., from potential future small-satellites) is now a feasible prospect. Still, a better understanding of how these observations perform in a data assimilation system and impact resulting analyses and NWP forecasts is necessary. In this study, the value of SWIR observations in global NWP is assessed by assimilating SWIR observations from the Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) in National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)’s Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS). The methodologies used to enable the assimilation of these observations, including the implementation of a scene-dependent observation error and the enhancement of quality control procedures, are discussed, as are the results of observing system experiments (OSEs) conducted to evaluate the impact of assimilating SWIR observations on forecast skill. The overall results show that SWIR assimilation produces similar forecast impacts to LWIR assimilation. The ability to demonstrate that the assimilation or SWIR observations in NWP is a realistic prospect may help shape future constellations of small satellites to serve as a beneficial complement to the current constellation if hyperspectral infrared (IR) sounders.
Telementoring to Strengthen Child and Youth Mental Health Care Capacity in Primary Care Providers: Session Duration and Learning Outcomes
Authors: Pajer Kathleen , Gardner William , Ouellette Carley , Cheng Michael , Bissex Sarah , MacKay Roxanne , MacLaurin Tracey , Gandy Hazen
Published: August 2024

Primary care providers (PCPs) report insufficient capacity for child and youth mental health care (CYMH). The telementoring program Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) can build capacity, but 75- to 120-minute sessions are a participation barrier. Using a Lean health care paradigm, we designed a 60-minute session, and compared self-reported CYMH capacity strengthening (10 constructs) and satisfaction between 60- and 90-minute sessions. Pre-post (n = 139) and post-cycle (n = 146) survey data were analyzed using generalized linear mixed-effects logistic regression. Capacity strengthening was demonstrated when analyzing both groups together (all Ps ≤ .002). Session duration did not affect capacity strengthening for 9/10 constructs (all Ps > .05), but medication management development was higher with 90-minute sessions ( P = .002). Satisfaction was high in both groups. The 60-minute ECHO CYMH sessions can be used without negative learning outcomes, but more mentoring may be needed to build capacity for psychopharmacologic treatment.
Conflict, Competition, and Collaboration in Co-Located Schools: School Leaders Navigating Structural Distrust
Authors: Tetu Elizabeth Ann , Schultz Katherine , Mommandi Wagma
Published: August 2024

Purpose:This study focuses on school leaders’ daily practices, decisions, and understandings to illuminate the role that distrust plays in school co-location in Denver. In order to inform decisions about the policy's implementation, we examine the relationships between structural dimensions of co-location policy and the ways that school leaders characterize and shape interactions between teachers and students in co-located schools. Research Methods: Drawing from a larger qualitative study, we conducted in-depth, semi-structured interviews with leaders of co-located schools in Denver to explore school leaders’ perspectives and experiences related to school co-location. We analyzed 11 school leaders’ experiences on 7 focal “shared campuses”–buildings housing more than one K-12 school–to identify their understandings of, experiences with, and responses to school co-location. Findings: Although leaders on all focal campuses attempted to keep school communities separate within co-located buildings, most still reported that conflict arose between staff and students from different schools. In some cases, leaders facilitated collaboration between schools, bringing some of the intended benefits of school co-location to fruition. More often they cited competition, which was incentivized by the district's policy of school choice, as a barrier to such efforts. Our data suggest that structural distrust embedded in the policies and processes surrounding school co-location shaped both these everyday interactions among school communities and the opportunities that school leaders saw (or didn’t see) for positive outcomes. Implications: Remedies available to those in authority–including policymakers and school leaders–require that they explicitly acknowledge distrust and change the power imbalances present among stakeholders in co-located schools.
Assessment of Balance During a Single-Limb Stance Task in Healthy Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Tedeschi Roberto , Labanca Luciana , Platano Daniela , Benedetti Maria Grazia
Published: August 2024

Single-limb stance (SLS) is a demanding postural task, widely used for balance assessment in both research and clinical practice. Despite extensive data on elderly and clinical populations, less is known about younger and healthier adults. Our aim in this study was to assess balance during a SLS task among a cohort of healthy adults to determine whether there are age or sex group or testing condition differences in performances. In this cross-sectional study, we involved 120 participants aged 30–65 years and divided them into four age sub-groups with equal numbers of males and females in each. We assessed balance during a 45-s SLS task on a] the Delos Postural Proprioceptive System for both lower limbs in two conditions – open eyes (OE) and closed eyes (CE). We calculated stability (SI) and autonomy (AU) indices and used analysis of variance to determine that there was no significant effect of limb dominance or sex on balance parameters. However, there was a significant interaction effect between age group and testing condition for both SI and AU ( p < .001 for both), with balance worsening as age increased only in the CE condition. These results highlight a pattern of balance decline with age when vision is eliminated from balance performance, underscoring the critical relationship between sensory input and postural control as people age.
Comparative study of long short-term memory (LSTM), bidirectional LSTM, and traditional machine learning approaches for energy consumption prediction
Authors: Alizadegan Hamed , Rashidi Malki Behzad , Radmehr Arian , Karimi Hossein , Ilani Mohsen Asghari
Published: August 2024

Responsible, efficient, and environmentally conscious energy consumption practices are increasingly essential for ensuring the reliability of the modern electricity grid. This study focuses on leveraging time series analysis to improve forecasting accuracy, crucial for various application domains where real-world time series data often exhibit complex, non-linear patterns. Our approach advocates for utilizing long short-term memory (LSTM) and bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) models for precise time series forecasting. To ensure a fair evaluation, we compare the performance of our proposed approach with traditional neural networks, time-series forecasting methods, and conventional decline curves. Additionally, individual models based on LSTM, Bi-LSTM, and other machine learning methods are implemented for a comprehensive assessment. Experimental results consistently demonstrate that our proposed model outperforms all benchmarking methods in terms of mean absolute error (MAE) across most datasets. Addressing the imbalance between activations by consumer and prosumer groups, our predictions show superior performance compared to several traditional forecasting methods, such as the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model and seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) model. Specifically, the root mean square error (RMSE) of Bi-LSTM is 5.35%, 46.08%, and 50.6% lower than LSTM, ARIMA, and SARIMA, respectively, on the May test data.
Primary Intraosseous Hemangiomas of the Maxillary Bone: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Li Shi Chang , Zhang Ye , Liu Hao , Wu Yan Qiao
Published: August 2024

Primary intraosseous hemangiomas of the maxillofacial region are rare lesions that comprise less than 1% of all osseous tumors. A review of the literature on primary intraosseous hemangiomas of the facial bones revealed a limited number of publications, much of which was largely limited to case reports. This case report summarizes the workup and surgical treatment of a 37-year-old female with a primary intraosseous hemangiomas of the left maxillary bone. The image, histology, treatment, and literature are reviewed.
Shuddhi and The Nav-Hindu in Goa: Dynamics of Identity Politics
Authors: Parobo Parag D.
Published: August 2024

In a much-publicised event in 1928, a section of the Goan Catholics of tribal origin reconverted to Hinduism. In this highly charged political context, the act of shuddhi framed the event as a straightforward homecoming, masking conflicting underlying interests. Analysing the palpable tensions around this event allows better understanding of how shuddhi was made possible and perceived at the local level, appreciating specifically the vulnerability of the Christian Gauda tribal population. Drawing on archival and ethnographic research, this article rethinks shuddhi in Goa through the changing dynamics of politics, in which new definitions of Hindu identity were being worked out by the Hindu elite. Examining the relationships between the Portuguese colonial state, the local Hindu elite, the reconverts and multiple trans-local connections, the article identifies the formation of a new identity of the reconverts within the broader context of caste and community relations.
Efficacy of ultrasound in the evaluation of iliac vein stenting
Authors: Clode Hannah , Spencer Elizabeth Brooke , Nelson Jacqueline , Horne Elisabeth S
Published: August 2024

Objectives: The current study evaluated the efficacy of iliac and IVC ultrasound alone for follow-up evaluation of iliac vein stents in patients with pelvic venous disorders or iliac occlusion from chronic deep vein thrombosis. Methods: A retrospective single site cohort study was conducted by evaluating the most recent 100 iliac vein and inferior vena cava ultrasounds in patients who had undergone iliac vein stenting. Inclusion criteria included a history of iliac vein stent placement. Exclusion criteria included patients under 18-years-old, duplicates of the same patient, and pregnancy at the time of ultrasound. The degree of visualization for color flow, gray scale, and phasicity were determined and classified into the following categories: complete, partial, or none. In addition, each chart was assessed for external compression, in-stent narrowing, and requirements for further imaging. Results: Of the 100 iliac vein and IVC ultrasounds assessed in this review, 99 of the ultrasounds were sufficient for evaluation during follow-up visits without requiring further investigation. Within this study cohort, the average follow-up time was 22 months. The average participant body mass index was 27.6. One iliac vein and IVC ultrasound was considered inadequate for follow-up evaluation and required further imaging. Conclusion: The use of iliac and IVC venous doppler ultrasound alone in the follow-up evaluation of iliac stent patency is effective and noninvasive and avoids unnecessary radiation exposure and cost.
The Effects of Titles on the Aesthetic Evaluation of Japanese Poetry
Authors: Maruyama Shodai , Ishizu Tomohiro
Published: August 2024

The present study tested the effect of title type on the aesthetic evaluation of Japanese poetry. Ninety participants read a Japanese poem presented with either a “descriptive” title, an “elaborative” title, or no title. Participants then gave ratings according to their aesthetic experiences on the poem. The results revealed that the title type significantly influenced the readers’ aesthetic evaluations. Specifically, descriptive titles promoted more thought about the poem compared to elaborative titles. This finding can be attributed to the enhanced processing fluency afforded by descriptive titles, which allows readers to more readily understand and grasp the key characteristics of the poem, thereby facilitating thought evocation. These results extend previous findings on the influence of titles on the aesthetic appreciation of paintings and music to the domain of poetry. Furthermore, they highlight the role of processing fluency in possibly mediating the relationship between title type and aesthetic evaluation.
Advances in spatial multi-omics in tumors
Authors: Wang Junyan , Alhaskawi Ahmad , Dong Yanzhao , Tian Tu , Abdalbary Sahar Ahmed , Lu Hui
Published: August 2024

Single-cell techniques have convincingly demonstrated that tumor tissue usually contains multiple genetically defined cell subclones with different gene mutation sets as well as various transcriptional profiles, but the spatial heterogeneity of the microenvironment and the macrobiological characteristics of the tumor ecosystem have not been described. For the past few years, spatial multi-omics technologies have revealed the cellular interactions, microenvironment, and even systemic tumor-host interactions in the tumor ecosystem at the spatial level, which can not only improve classical therapies such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy but also promote the development of emerging targeted therapies in immunotherapy. Here, we review some emerging spatial omics techniques in cancer research and therapeutic applications and propose prospects for their future development.
The Song of Moses as a model for Isa. 10.5–19
Authors: Nissani-Kislev Yochi
Published: August 2024

Seeking to demonstrate that Isa. 10.5–19 was influenced by the Song of Moses (Deut. 32), this article first examines the links between the two texts, primarily their common theological perspective, and then proceeds to substantiate the argument by evincing that Isaiah son of Amoz develops and adapts the Song’s description of God sending an adversary to punish Israel who fails to understand the role he is assigned (Deut. 32.26–30). The discussion focuses on the way the prophet employs the Song in order to present his theology of the Assyrian enemy.
Self-Compassion and Psychological Well-Being of Childhood Sexual Abuse Survivors: Emotional Dysregulation and Trauma-Related Shame as Mediators
Authors: Blankenship Paige , Hogge Ingrid
Published: August 2024

In this study, we explored explanations for the link between self-compassion and psychological well-being among a sample of adult childhood sexual abuse (CSA) survivors in the United States ( n = 335). Informed by Neff’s self-compassion theory, we hypothesized that the relationship between self-compassion and psychological well-being would be partially explained by a reduction in emotional dysregulation and trauma-related shame. We tested a parallel multiple mediation model with (a) emotion dysregulation and (b) trauma-related shame as the mediators. As hypothesized, we found a significant positive relationship between self-compassion and psychological well-being among the sample of CSA survivors. Emotional dysregulation and trauma-related shame were both significant mediators of this relationship. However, self-compassion had a significant direct effect even after accounting for the two mediators, which suggests partial mediation. Our results provide further support for the link between self-compassion and psychological well-being and identify reductions in both emotional dysregulation and trauma-related shame as potential mechanisms for this relationship. This study also has implications for clinical practice and prevention efforts that integrate self-compassion, emotion regulation, and trauma-related shame as salient areas of focus.
The Associations of Sensory Impairment With 10-Year Risk of Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease: The Health and Retirement Study, 2010-2020
Authors: Li Kun , Ghosal Rahul , Zhang Donglan , Li Yike , Lohman Matthew C. , Brown Monique J. , Merchant Anwar T. , Yang Chih-Hsiang , Neils-Strunjas Jean , Friedman Daniela B. , Wei Jingkai
Published: August 2024

Background

Studies have examined the association between dual sensory impairment and late-life cognitive outcomes in the U.S with inconsistent findings.

Objective

To examine the associations between sensory impairment and 10-year risk of dementia or Alzheimer’s disease among U.S. adults aged ≥ 50.

Methods

A prospective cohort study based on the Health and Retirement Study from 2010 to 2020. Individuals aged ≥ 50 years without self-reported dementia and Alzheimer’s disease in 2010 were included in the analysis. Self-reported visual and hearing impairments were measures in 2010. Main failure events included self-reported incident dementia and Alzheimer’s disease over a 10-year follow-up period. Participants were categorized as having no visual or hearing impairment, visual impairment only, hearing impairment only, and dual sensory impairment. Fine-Gray competing risk regression model was applied to estimate the associations of sensory impairment with incident dementia and Alzheimer’s disease, adjusted for demographic characteristics, health behaviors, and health conditions at baseline.

Results

Of 20,248 identified individuals, 14.6% had visual impairment only, 11.2% had hearing impairment only, and 9.1% had dual impairment at baseline. After adjusting for all covariates, dual sensory impairment was associated with higher risk of dementia (HR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.23-1.73) and Alzheimer’s disease (HR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.03-1.76). Visual impairment only was also associated with incident dementia and Alzheimer’s disease among individuals <65 years.

Conclusion

Older adults in the U.S. with visual and hearing impairments simultaneously had a particularly greater risk of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease, indicating the needs of targeted screening for timely treatment and further prevention of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease.
Virtual Teams: Taking Stock and Moving Forward
Authors: Handke Lisa , Costa Patrícia , O’Neill Thomas A.
Published: August 2024

The papers in this Special Issue show that virtual teamwork is a complex phenomenon that depends on a multiplicity of team, task, and environmental factors. In this editorial, we begin with a short review of the main perspectives through which virtual teams have been studied. From there, we move to an overview of the papers in this Special Issue. To conclude, we discuss potential avenues for future research based on the collection of papers in this issue.
Exploring the Sequential Relationship of a Leader’s Collective Leadership Style and the Team’s Shared Leadership: The Moderating Role of Gender
Authors: Friedrich Tamara L. , Peterson David R. , Van Doorn Sebastiaan
Published: August 2024

In this study, we explore the relationship between a team’s shared leadership and a formal leader’s collective leadership style, and their joint impact on team performance. We draw upon identity theory to examine how shared leadership in the team influences formal leaders’ leadership identity claims. We also examine how a formal leader’s use of a collective leadership style facilitates the claiming and granting of leadership identities by other team members. We also draw on role congruity theory and the social categorization perspective to examine the moderating role of gender, a critical component of identity. Our findings suggest that there is a mutual relationship between the formal leader’s collective leadership style and the team’s shared leadership, and that they jointly influence team performance, but these effects are contingent on the formal leader’s gender and the gender composition of the team. This study addresses several calls in the leadership field for examining the more nuanced ways shared leadership and the actions of a formal leader may influence each other, as well as the contextual conditions in which shared leadership is enacted.
Assessment of chemical contamination by cancer drugs during use of the RIVATM compounding robot: A pilot study
Authors: Bouchfaa Myriam , Vasseur Michèle , Courtin Justin , Pinturaud Marine , Beauval Nicolas , Allorge Delphine , Odou Pascal , Simon Nicolas
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Many hospitals are now investing in robotic compounding system for the preparation of cytotoxic agents. The objective of the present study was to describe contamination by cytotoxics inside and outside the RIVATM robot (ARxIUM, Winnipeg, Canada).

Material & Methods

We applied a risk analysis to determine which locations inside and outside the compounding robot should be monitored. Samples were collected by swabbing with a wet swab (using 0.1 mL of sterile water) before the robots was cleaned. Ten cytotoxics compounded with the robot were screened for using LC-MS/MS. We determined the percentage contamination rates inside (CRin) and outside (CRout) the robot and the amounts of each contaminant (in ng/cm²). If a sample was found to be positive, a corrective action was implemented.

Results

Our risk analysis highlighted 10 locations inside the robot and 7 outside. Ten sampling campaigns (10 samples per campaign) were performed. The mean CRin (40%) was significantly higher than the mean CRout (2%; p < 10−4). Gemcitabine and cyclophosphamide were the main contaminants. After the implementation of corrective measures (such as daily cleaning with SDS/isopropyl alcohol), the CRin fell from 60% to 10%.

Discussion/conclusion

The frequency of contamination was lower for robotic compounding than for manual compounding in an isolator. However, robotic compounding tended to generated larger mean amounts of contaminant; this was related to incidents such as splashing when syringes were disposed of after the compounding. The implementation of corrective actions effectively reduced the CRs. Further longer-term studies are required to confirm these results.
The “Door” to Doraemon’s Fantasy World: Understanding the Cartoon Café and Its Place Meanings
Authors: Wong IpKin Anthony , Pan Haiyan , Cao Qingqing , Lin Zhiwei (CJ) , Huang Jingwen (Daisy)
Published: August 2024

The popularity of animated characters has led foodservice operators to open restaurants that put cartoons at center stage. This type of establishment is referred to as a “cartoon café.” This qualitative inquiry employed two empirical studies to answer why customers patronize this type of eatery. Building on relational third-place theory (RTPT), it underscores how customer needs can ultimately shape loyalty outcomes through customer experience and place meaning. This research extends RTPT by highlighting the role of experience and co-developed (e.g., cartoon and restaurant) place meanings. It enriches the place meaning literature by acknowledging different interactive processes among personal experience, social interaction, and the physical environment in the hospitality setting. It also furthers the understanding of loyalty behaviors in hospitality services by offering a typology based on specific meanings of a third place. Implications for theory and practice are further discussed in the article.
Perspectives on connecting climate change and health
Authors: Aunan Kristin , Orru Hans , Sjödin Henrik
Published: August 2024

Over the past century, the Earth’s climate has undergone rapid and unprecedented changes, manifested in a noticeable increase in average global temperature. This has led to shifts in precipitation patterns, increased frequency of extreme weather events (e.g. hurricanes, heatwaves, droughts and floods), alterations in ecosystems, and rising sea levels, impacting both natural environments and human societies, health and wellbeing. Without deep and urgent emission cuts and effective adaptation, the toll of climate change on human health and wellbeing is likely to grow. Here, we address the complex relationship between climate change and health, and discuss ways forward for transdisciplinary research and collaboration that can motivate more ambitious mitigation policies and help develop solutions to adapt to the crisis.
Mechanical properties of a novel negative Poisson's ratio gradient structure
Authors: Qi Huiwen , Lu Guangyang , Zhu Dongmei , Liu Guoyong
Published: August 2024

A novel cellular structure is proposed based on bionic structure with negative Poisson's ratio characteristic, and the cell is periodically expanded in the in-plane direction to create a new honeycomb structure. The influence of gradient changes of the structural parameters on the load-bearing capacity and damping characteristics of the structure is investigated through a combination method of finite element numerical simulations and experiments. The results indicate that the concentric gradient arrangement of cell wall thickness and angle parameters, and the symmetrical gradient arrangement of cell height, wall thickness and angle parameters have the most significant influence on the static bearing capacity of the structure. In contrast, the gradient arrangement under the corner circle diameter has minimal effect on the static bearing capacity of the structure. Under the same conditions, the peak values of the transmissibility of C2 (large angle at constraint end and loading end, and smaller angle in the middle) and C3 structures (angle gradually increases from the loading end to the constraint end) are significantly reduced between the frequency 2 Hz and 1024 Hz. The peak values of the transmissibility of the structures C2 and C3 are respectively decreased by 20% and 25% compared to that of the non-gradient structure. This shows that the vibration damping effect of these two structures is better. The structure with the gradient change and the structure without the gradient change of the new honeycomb structure can both achieve certain vibration reduction and isolation from the middle to high frequency range.
Understanding is what planners do – Towards a hermeneutic perspective on planning practice and research
Authors: Behrend Lukas
Published: August 2024

Spatial planning is inherently oriented towards the future. However, the future cannot be explained, but can only be anticipated through understanding. Therefore, understanding is identified as the central epistemic orientation in planning practice, which enables planners to anticipate the future in the first place. The article aims to (1) distinguish between explaining and understanding, (2) give an outlook on why the often cited gap between theory and practice can be traced back to these two basic epistemic orientations and (3) develop new concepts that enable understanding processes in planning practice to be studied from a research perspective.
Food is Medicine Interventions and Climate Change
Authors: Bernstein Adam , Hunnes Dana E.
Published: August 2024

Food is Medicine (FiM), also known as Food as Medicine, integrates food and nutrition interventions into health care delivery with the primary goal to improve population health and address diet-related health conditions. To date, there has been little focus on the relation between FiM and climate change despite FiM’s involvement with 2 key drivers of climate change: health care delivery and food systems. FiM may be able to advance lifestyle medicine and population health objectives, as well as mitigate some of the health care and food-related drivers of climate change, by focusing on 4 key areas: (1) Increasing the absolute number and proportion of patients who follow plant-based diets; (2) reducing food waste; (3) reducing unnecessary health care utilization; and (4) lowering transportation-related greenhouse gas emissions related to food procurement. Measuring the ecological impact of FiM alongside clinical, utilization, and financial measures will require a different analytical approach than that used traditionally in health care. Ultimately, thoughtful, data-driven, and urgent interventions that span the food and health care sectors are needed to sustainably support not only FiM, but human, environmental, and planetary health as well.
Venous stenting versus venous ablation
Authors: Alsheekh Ahmad , Kibrik Pavel , Marks Natalie , Ascher Enrico , Hingorani Anil
Published: August 2024

Background

The minimally invasive procedures of venous ablation and iliac vein stenting are evolving treatment options for venous insufficiency. Yet, there are no studies directly comparing the outcome of these procedures. We performed a survey on patients who had both procedures, to determine if either procedure helped more and if there is any other clinical factor related to the outcome.

Method

We collected data between Jan 2012 and Feb 2019 from 726 patients who failed to improve swelling after conservative management. The patients underwent iliac vein stenting and vein ablations. We recorded patient assessment of the leg immediately after completion of both procedures. Follow-up was performed using in-person questionnaires by asking if improvement in lower extremity swelling occurred and if so, which procedure helped more.

Results

Of the 726 patients who underwent endovenous closure and iliac vein stent placement, 254 (35%) were males. The average age of the patients was 70 (±13.7 SD, range 29–103) years. The presenting symptom (C of CEAP classification) of lower extremity limb venous disease was 34.8%, 44.6%, 5.6%, and 15% for C3–C6, respectively. Patients were asked about swelling, and they stated: swelling is better (605, 83.3%), swelling is not better (118, 16.3%), and not sure if there is any improvement in swelling (3, 0.4%). Patients stated the following completion of both procedures: both procedures equally helped (129, 18%), iliac vein stent superior (167, 23%), endovenous ablation superior (177, 24%), neither helped (112, 16%), and not sure which procedure helped more (141, 19%). After ANOVA, we concluded that older patients (average = 72.5 years) were more often not sure which procedure helped more ( p = .024), and younger patients (average = 68.4 years) stated that endovenous ablation helped more ( p = .014). There were no significant differences between the groups regarding gender ( p = .9), laterality ( p = .33), or presenting symptoms scores ( p = .9). There was no statistical relationship between the procedure that was performed first and the procedure that helped more ( p = 0.095).

Conclusion

In this qualitative assessment, preliminary data suggest that the comparative role of iliac vein stent versus endovenous ablation warrants further study. The data were broadly distributed, and neither procedure was superior. In addition, 16% of the patients stated that neither procedure helped. The age of patients may also play a role in their procedure preferences and their subjective assessment for improvement.
Bioactivities and Toxicity of the Golden Camellia Species: A Systematic Review
Authors: Truong Minh-Nhut , Pham The-Long , Pham Tram-Anh Mai , Truong Van-Dat , Vo Linh-Tu , Nguyen-Hoang Thao-My , Nguyen-Huu Lac-Thuy
Published: August 2024

Golden camellia, a group of herbal materials belonging to the Theaceae family, was widely distributed in Asian countries, particularly Vietnam and southern China. Numerous pharmacological effects of various golden camellia species have been reported in reputable databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar. These effects included anti-tumor, lipid-lowering, anxiolytic, antidepressant, neuroprotective, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Furthermore, toxicity studies on golden camellia species have demonstrated their safety for use. Our systematic review provides a comprehensive understanding of the pharmacological effects and safety of various golden camellia species, aiming to provide reliable evidence for the clinical use of this herbal material.
Load Management Among Professional Hockey Goalies: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ekhtiari Seper , Fahey Curtis , Hache Philip , Hache Richard , Rubinger Luc , Khan Moin , Richards Doug , Grant John A.
Published: August 2024

Background:

Load management is a sports science concept describing the execution of well-established training principles to measure athletic workloads and enhance performance. The term ‘load management’ has become common in sports media to refer to a much wider range of scenarios, including the idea that by limiting regular season workload for athletes, their health and playoff performance will improve. Varying links between load and performance have been demonstrated in baseball and soccer. The purpose of this study was to objectively assess the impact of regular season workload on postseason performance among National Hockey League (NHL) goalies.

Hypothesis:

NHL goalies with lighter regular season workloads will perform better in postseason appearances.

Study Design:

Retrospective cohort.

Level of Evidence:

Level 3.

Methods:

NHL goalies with a minimum of 20 regular season games played and 3 playoff game appearances in the same season since 2013-2014 were eligible for inclusion. All regular season and postseason workload and performance metrics were collected from publicly available statistical databases. Workload outcomes included games started, minutes played, and shots faced. Performance outcomes included goals against average, save percentage, goals saved above average, and quality start percentage. Multivariable linear regression was used to determine whether regular season workload predicted postseason performance, when controlling for age and injury status.

Results:

A total of 51 goalies contributed 111 goalie-seasons to the analysis. The results of the primary model indicated that regular season workload explained only 6.8% of the variance in postseason performance, and that this relationship was not significant ( R2 = 0.068; F(5,92) = 1.335; P = 0.26).

Conclusion:

Based on data from 6 full seasons, there is no evidence to support a specific regular season game limit among NHL goalies with the aim of improved performance.

Clinical Relevance:

Individualized workload plans may be more appropriate than a single league-wide standard.