bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of Aligned Alanine Functionalized Hydroxyapatite Nanorods Embedded in Electrospun Gelatin Scaffolds as a Coating Material for Titanium Bone Implant Application
Authors: Thongnasan Nitiporn , Sinthuvanich Chomdao , Akkarachaneeyakorn Khrongkhwan
Published: October 2023

Aligned calcium phosphate nanorods embedded in gelatin nanofibers were fabricated to be applied as a coating material on the Ti bone implant using the conventional electrospinning method. Calcium phosphate nanorods with a strong positively charged surface were prepared by modifying with alanine (alanine/HA) to facilitate the arrangement of nanoparticles under the electric field in the electrospinning process, followed by mild hydrothermal treatment to preserve the structure of fibers. Scanning electron microscope, atomic force microscope, and transmission electron microscope measurements confirmed that the composite fibers were smooth without the presence of particles on the surface and alanine/HA was aligned within the fiber. The tensile strength of the prepared scaffolds was identical to that of the cancellous bone (2 to 12 MPa). According to MTT assay, the scaffold coated Ti showed a significant improvement on cell adhesion and biocompatibility compared to uncoated Ti.
Carbonated Hydroxyapatite Extracted from Indonesian’s Eggshell Biogenic Wastes as Bioceramic Materials
Authors: Sari Mona , Ashilawati Anisha , Khoir Laila , Wahyuningsih Reny , Yusuf Yusril
Published: October 2023

Carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA), with a chemical composition close to the mineral found in human bone, represented higher solubility than stoichiometric hydroxyapatite (HA). Therefore, the B-type CHA is commonly used for bone tissue engineering. This study fabricated B-type CHA using Indonesian eggshells from chicken, organic chicken, and duck because of the high calcium carbonate (CaCO3) content (94%). A co-precipitation method was used for synthesizing CHA. The physicochemical properties of the CHA were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). Based on FTIR results for CHA, the stretching functional groups of B-type CO3 were detected at 1452-1453 cm-1, 1417-1418 cm-1, and 873-874 cm-1, which indicated the formation of B-type CHA. Meanwhile, CHA from organic chicken eggshells had low crystalline properties and the best morphology due to a more homogeneous and uniform agglomeration. More specifically, CHA based on organic chicken eggshells has a Ca/P molar ratio following natural human bone, which is 1.71. Therefore, all B-type CHA samples are candidates in bioceramic materials for bone tissue engineering applications.
An Effective and Efficient Method to Estimate Average Paddy Yield in Sri Lanka Overcoming the Limitations of the Current Method
Authors: Wijeratne A. W. , Kumara G. D. K. , Ariyasena M. , Ruhunuge I. J. A.
Published: October 2023

The Department of Census and Statistics of Sri Lanka carries out an island-wide scheme of estimating paddy's average yield, called the Crop Cutting Survey. It was debated and argued about the accuracy of the data generated through a cumbersome approach which consumes a lot of labour and resources. The objective of this study was to develop an efficient method that would help overcome the limitations of the current method. This study was accomplished through a questionnaire survey and an experimental survey. The GIS technology has been applied to measure the cultivated area and yield measurements by weighting the harvested yield. The weight measurements were subjected to different scaling factors derived through the study. The sample survey of the new methodology was carried out in the Ampara district for 2 paddy varieties namely BG357 and AT362 for the 2017/2018 Maha season. A stratified Random sampling method was used for the selection of paddy parcels. Average paddy yield, scaling factors, and cost of production of these two paddy varieties were calculated separately. The district's estimated paddy yield through the proposed method is 4568.17 kg/ ha, which is not significantly different from the published average (4562 kg ha-1) in paddy statistics of 2017/2018. This is obvious that the proposed method was more effective and efficient than the current method, which assists the government in planning and making policy decisions at the correct time.
Recent Advancement in Agarwood Induction Technology: A Comprehensive Review for the Transformation of Artificial Agar Resin Induction Methods
Authors: Herath H. M. W. A. I. , Jinendra B. M. S.
Published: October 2023

Agarwood is a high valued resinous wood containing aromatic constituents of sesquiterpenes and phenyl-ethylchromones. They are typically found in the wood tissue of Thymalaeaceae family trees such as Aquilaria and Gyrinops species once they have been physically or chemically damaged or diseased by microbial pathogens. However, the natural occurrence based agarwood production is inadequate to fulfill the worldwide market demand as it never reach to the potential yield. As a result, recent advancements in artificial agarwood induction technology have led to the efficient production of agarwood resin, surpassing conventional methods. These technologies include mechanical, biological, and chemical methods, as well as combinations of these techniques such as fungal inoculation, nailing, drilling, partly trunk pruning, aeration method, agar-wit, C-A kits, Agar-sit, Bottle dipping, ChemJet, Pinhole infusion, Automated transfusion, Agar-Bit and Bamboo stick method. While interdisciplinary approaches have pros and cons, chemical inducers have shown rapid invasion inside particular tree species trunks to produce superior agarwood resin at consistent rate. Therefore, diverse forms of inducers can be utilized to develop this finest fragrance resinous wood in cultivated trees within a short period of time compared to the natural approach and almost similar in the quality compared to the natural agarwood formations. The objective of this review paper was to presents a comprehensive collection of agarwood resin inducing methods and their potential to enhance the total production and the quality of agarwood in the final harvest. The application of these techniques has significant implications to the agarwood industry as it seeks to meet the growing global demand for this highly sought-after and valuable product leading to a high profitable business. Therefore, this review article serves as a valuable collection of resource for the researchers and industry professionals who are ambitious to develop their agarwood industry to a new level.
First Report of Viral Nervous Necrosis in Asian Sea Bass, Lates Calcarifer Cultured in Sri Lanka
Authors: Fouzi M. N. M. , Sakajamary N.
Published: October 2023

Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN) caused by Betanodavirus is a devastating disease in aquatic animals. The virus infects both marine and freshwater fish worldwide. Vacuolating necrosis of neural cells of the brain, the retina of the eye, and the spinal cord of the infected fish are the primary histological lesions of the condition. It causes up to 100% mortality in larvae and juvenile fish and can cause significant death in adult fish. The present study detected viral nervous necrosis in larvae and fry of Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer) with progressive mortality of up to 95% in one week during the Northeast monsoon when the mean water temperature was 27 to 29°C. Histopathological examination of the moribund fish revealed extensive vacuolation and gliosis in the olfactory bulb, the optic lobe of the forebrain, and the inner and outer layer of the retina. Furthermore, tissues of the brain and the retina had intracellular inclusion bodies suggesting viral etiology, further justified by the negative results of the bacterial and parasitic examinations. The Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) test additionally confirms the etiology diagnosis using specific primers designed previously. The histopathology and RT-PCR results suggest that the mortalities of Asian sea bass were due to the VNN. The present finding is the first report of the VNN associated with mass mortalities in Asian seabass cultured in Sri Lanka. These crucial findings emphasize the need for quarantine and control strategies to prevent the spread of the virus and outbreak of the disease.
Editorial
Authors: Samararatne Dinesha , Perera Kaushalya
Published: October 2023

No abstract available
Pursuing work-life balance: A study of Sri Lankan mumpreneurs
Authors: Kumaranatunge Malisha
Published: October 2023

This article attempts to identify the strategies women entrepreneurs use to balance their work and family life through an analysis of the daily lives of a subgroup of women entrepreneurs called ‘mumpreneurs’ – defined as women who tailor a business that is suitable for (i.e., does not interfere with) their primary role as caregiver to their children, with the objective of achieving worklife balance (Ekinsmyth, 2011). Research participants were selected from a middle-class demographic because the class background of the entrepreneur is a central analytical category in this study; what differentiates the mumpreneur is her practice of ‘intensive mothering’ as a middle-class mother, which compels her to live a lifestyle that is spatially and temporally restricted as it revolves around her maternal and household responsibilities (Ekinsmyth, 2014). This article interrogates how mumpreneurs attempt to balance their dual (and competing) demands as mother and entrepreneur by exploring their household and business practices. In-depth semi-structured interviews with fifteen respondents indicate that mumpreneurs balance their dual societal roles by (1) prioritizing motherhood over entrepreneurship, (2) designing businesses that are small, flexible and resistant to growth, and (3) managing their double burden by outsourcing their care and domestic responsibilities to working class women and men employed in their homes.
The humanities and inter-disciplinary work
Authors: De Mel Neloufer
Published: October 2023

No abstract available
Performance studies and inter-disciplinary research
Authors: Mantillake Sudesh
Published: October 2023

No abstract available
Law and inter-disciplinary research
Authors: Samararatne Dinesha
Published: October 2023

No abstract available
Body mass index conditions and eating attitudes in young nurses: a pilot psycho-immune-endocrine investigation
Authors: Chang Yun-Chen , Vitale Elsa
Published: October 2023

Purpose. To investigate a cohort of young Italian nurses to identify whether the body mass index (BMI) and eating flexibility differed and were associated according to the basic characteristics of sex, smoking behavior, or shift activity, the levels of neutrophils, lymphocytes, or platelets in blood, and the psychological conditions of anxiety, depression, stress, or insomnia. Materials and Methods. The data include sex, BMI, smoking behavior, shift activity, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and platelet levels, eating flexibility [measured using the eating disorder flexibility index (EDFLIX) and the subdimensions EDFLIX-GF for general flexibility, EDFLIX-FoEx for food and exercise flexibility, and EDFLIX-WeSh for weight and shape flexibility], and mental health [assessed using the depression, anxiety, and stress scale (DASS-21) and the insomnia severity index (ISI)]. Results. Differences in BMI with shift work (P=0.042) and anxiety with total EDFLIX (P<0.001), EDFLIX-GF (P<0.001), and EDFLIX-WeSh (P=0.044) scores were significant. Having depression was associated with significant differences in total EDFLIX (P<0.001), EDFLIX-GF (P=0.005), and EDFLIX-WeSh (P<0.001) scores. Nurses with moderate stress reported high total EDFLIX (P<0.001), EDGLIX-FoEx (P<0.001), and EDFLIX-WeSh (P=0.013) scores. Nurses with mild stress reported high EDFLIX-GF scores (P<0.001). Nurses without insomnia symptoms reported significantly high EDFLIX- FoEx scores (P<0.001). Associations between lymphocyte levels and EDFLIX-FoEx (β=-0.264; P=0.003), stress and EDFLIX-total (β=-0.436; P<0.001), EDFLIX-GF (β=-0.466; P<0.001) and EDFLIX-WeSh (P=0.022), and also between insomnia and EDFLIX-FoEx (β=-0.245; P<0.001) were significant. Conclusions. Nurses, from the beginning of their careers, should be monitored and encouraged to avoid adverse health practices that negatively influence their quality of life.
Simulation of Temperatures of Three Way Catalytic Converter for Motorcycles at Higher Temperatures
Authors: Shigeno GENKI , Fujita Shinji , yogo toyoyuki
Published: October 2023

For a quick reach to the operating temperatures, the three way catalytic converter is recently located closer to the engine and subjected to higher temperatures than before. At the same time, the three way catalytic converter has upper thermal limits. Therefore, the operating temperatures have to be estimated accurately in the early period of product development. In this research, the four analysis methods are linked with the one-dimensional engine cycle simulation to achieve the goals.

Firstly, for the estimation of gas temperatures at the exhaust port of the engine, the combustion analysis using the 3D-CFD was conducted to accurately simulate the way the heat was generated. Then, for the estimation of heat dissipation from the exhaust system to the atmosphere, the heat conduction analysis coupled with the air flow analysis around the vehicle body using the 3D-CFD was conducted. To take into considerations the heterogeneity of reactions in the three way catalytic converter, the gas flow in the exhaust pipe was also analyzed using the 3D-CFD. As the last step for estimation of temperatures in the 3-way catalysis, the reactions in the catalysis were analyzed to take into account the heat generated by the oxidation of unburnt hydrocarbons promoted by the catalysis.

The correlation between the estimation by this method and the actual measurement was taken in the five models having various engine configurations such as the number of cylinders and cooling methods, and vehicle configurations such as the scooter and the motorcycle. It has consequently been confirmed that this method allows estimation of temperatures in degrees Celsius inside the three way catalytic converter at higher temperatures as accurately as a maximum error of 5%. Thus, enabled is an accurate evaluation of parts layout to satisfy the heat resistance requirements of the three way catalytic converter at higher temperatures.
Cardiovascular complications following medical termination of pregnancy: An updated review
Authors: Singh Tejveer , Mishra Ajay K , Vojjala Nikhil , John Kevin John , George Anu A , Jha Anil , Hadley Michelle
Published: October 2023

The rise in incidence rates of invasive candidiasis warrants an increase in attention and efforts toward preventing and treating this virulent infection. Cardiac involvement is one of the most feared sequelae and has a poor prognosis. Despite the introduction of several novel antifungal agents over the past quarter century, complications and mortality rates due to Candida endocarditis have remained high. Although fungal endocarditis has a mechanism similar to bacterial endocarditis, no specific diagnostic criteria or algorithm exists to help guide its management. Furthermore, recent data has questioned the current guidelines recommending a combined approach of antifungal agents with surgical valve or indwelling prostheses removal. With the emergence of multidrug-resistant Candida auris , a focus on improved prophylactic measures and management strategies is necessary.
Systemic right ventricle complications in levo-transposition of the great arteries: A case report and review of literature
Authors: Almajed Mohamed Ramzi , Almajed Abdulla , Khan Naoshin , Obri Mark S , Ananthasubramaniam Karthikeyan
Published: October 2023

The rise in incidence rates of invasive candidiasis warrants an increase in attention and efforts toward preventing and treating this virulent infection. Cardiac involvement is one of the most feared sequelae and has a poor prognosis. Despite the introduction of several novel antifungal agents over the past quarter century, complications and mortality rates due to Candida endocarditis have remained high. Although fungal endocarditis has a mechanism similar to bacterial endocarditis, no specific diagnostic criteria or algorithm exists to help guide its management. Furthermore, recent data has questioned the current guidelines recommending a combined approach of antifungal agents with surgical valve or indwelling prostheses removal. With the emergence of multidrug-resistant Candida auris , a focus on improved prophylactic measures and management strategies is necessary.
A INTEGRAÇÃO DE APRENDIZAGEM COLABORATIVA COM A TAXONOMIA DE BLOOM, NUMA PROPOSTA QUE INCORPORE A IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS NUMA PRÁTICA COLABORATIVA
Authors: Silva Marcos Vinícius Malheiros da , Fernandes Allysson Barbosa , Gomes Fabiana Fagundes Barros , Rios Ferdinando Sampaio , Bohrer Mayara Talini Pereira
Published: October 2023

O tema deste estudo versa sobre a aprendizagem colaborativa e a taxonomia de Bloom. O objetivo é realizar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a integração de aprendizagem colaborativa com a taxonomia de Bloom, com foco nas tecnologias digitais. É um tema importante de ser desenvolvido, pois, a aprendizagem colaborativa contribui para que o aluno se torne protagonista do processo da aprendizagem de modo a permitir que ele participe de forma ativa e direta na construção do seu conhecimento. Somado a isso, o aluno também é beneficiado nesse processo da aprendizagem com a aplicação da taxonomia de Bloom por ser uma estratégia com foco em fazer com que ele, de forma autônoma, desenvolva um pensamento crítico na resolução de problemas. Para o alcance do objetivo proposto, a metodologia de pesquisa adotada foi a revisão bibliográfica, por ser um tipo de método que permite o uso de material já publicado sobre o tema, servindo de fundamentação para o estudo.
AS CONTRIBUIÇÕES DO DESIGN INSTRUCIONAL PARA A APRENDIZAGEM AUTOGERIDA E PARA O PROTAGONISMO ESTUDANTIL
Authors: Ferreira Mariza Batista de Sousa , Escobar Cristiane Tonetto , Machado João Carlos , Narciso Rodi , Beck Viviane Aparecida Damian
Published: October 2023

Visando elucidar como o design instrucional pode contribuir com o desenvolvimento de aprendizagem autogerida e, consequentemente, com o protagonismo estudantil, esse trabalho buscou se aprofundar nos temas: aprendizagem autogerida, design instrucional e protagonismo estudantil. Compreende-se que falar sobre aprendizagem autogerida e protagonismo dos estudantes hoje tem grande relevância, já que se exige uma autonomia e proatividade das pessoas e que, muitas vezes, isso não é trabalhado nas situações de ensino, deixando o aluno refém da presença de alguém que lhe diga o que fazer, quando fazer e como fazer. Para conseguir alcançar o objetivo apresentado, foi feita uma pesquisa bibliográfica, principalmente através de artigos científicos sobre o tema. Os estudos feitos tornaram possível concluir que a utilização de modelos de design instrucional permite planejar e organizar situações de aprendizagem muito mais significativas, sobretudo quando se pauta numa perspectiva de aprendizagem ativa e construtivista, entendo o aluno como dotado de saberes e autonomia e que pode, também, produzir conhecimentos.
AS ATRIBUIÇÕES DO DESIGN INSTRUCIONAL NA CRIAÇÃO DE FORMAÇÕES ONLINE E APRENDIZAGEM AUTOGERIDA
Authors: Lira Ellen Gonçalves , Costa Elionides José da , Almeida Gabriela dos Santos de , Pereira Maria Aparecida Martim , Batista Moésia da Cunha
Published: October 2023

Neste artigo, o designer educacional é considerado como seu trabalho na etapa de desenvolvimento de projetos educacionais. Nesse presente trabalho, a treinagem foi o método escolhido. Para isso, o primeiro item demonstra o design pedagógico como suas fases na elaboração do projeto pedagógico desde o planejamento, elaboração, execução e avaliação, empreendido através da observação prática do uso dos alunos e também por meio de retornos, esse resultado pode gerar melhorias no projeto educacional dos pais. O seguinte artigo trata da definição dos termos design educacional e design instrucional com nomenclatura semelhante e funções diferentes, porém parceiros frente a equipe multidisciplinar na criação do projeto educacional, no último artigo é demonstrada a modalidade dos cursos treinamento, serviço incessantemente utilizado pelas bibliotecas para orientar o uso das plataformas de busca e que agora ficou mais evidente diante da pandemia, assim como tem como objetivo também apresentar a Aprendizagem Autogerida em meios ao design instrucional. O estudo foi realizado por meio de buscas por e-books, artigos, vídeos e pequenos relatos de experiências relacionadas à temática.
O CURRÍCULO NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
Authors: Batistela Letícia Garcia Pereira , Silva Liliane Inácia da , Siqueira Leila Ribeiro de
Published: October 2023

O presente estudo tem como objetivo trazer a importância de incluir as tecnologias digitais no currículo da educação infantil como forma de auxiliar no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de forma significativa para as crianças. A pesquisa foi feita com enfoque qualitativo, com metodologia bibliográfica e observação, com desenho descritivo, sendo fundamentado com os estudos de autores como Kuhmann (2003), Prenski (2001), Kenski (2010) Moran (2005) entre outros e também alguns documentos da legislação. O seu desenvolvimento foi dividido em três partes. Na primeira teve um recorte sobre a história da educação infantil, na segunda relatar os aspectos do currículo infantil e a inclusão das tecnologias digitais na sala de aula e no terceiro foram apresentaram algumas atividades utilizando tecnologias na sala de aula. Como conclusão foi notado que o currículo da educação infantil deve ser inserido as tecnologias como ferramentas que auxilie o processo de ensino e aprendizagem significativo com algo que faz parte do cotidiano das crianças, como o uso da plataforma You Tube e suas diversas formas de mídias voltadas para a educação infantil.
INTEGRAÇÃO, TAXONOMIA E IMPLEMENTAÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA
Authors: Timoteo Luciene Carneiro da S. O. , Araujo Camila Sabino de , Nascimento Camilo Eduardo do , Santos Filho Elzo Brito dos , Santos Silvana Maria Aparecida Viana
Published: October 2023

Assistindo cenas de um mundo extremamente inovador em termos de tecnologias digitas, os jogos, as brincadeiras, o uso do material reciclável junto com a confecção do artesanato, entre outras ferramentas, colaboram e muito na escala de aprendizagem. Integração e a taxonomia, também identificada com um caminho para organização, classificação ou até mesmo estruturação de planejamento tem construído pontes em realidades outrora limitadas. Com objetivo de qualificar o comportamento do aluno no procedimento de ensino e aprendizagem, a Taxonomia de Bloom, desenvolvida por volta dos anos 50, a partir de pesquisas de equipes multidisciplinar lideradas por Benjamim Bloom, em diversas universidades Americanas, foi classificada em três esferas: Cognitiva, psicomotora e emocionais. Segue-se, diante de momento desafiador, no qual tem sido custoso competir com toda a volatilidade de informação, porém enxerga-se uma geração que se lança na busca do conteúdo e melhor ainda, protagoniza o próprio conhecimento e crescimento. A presente pesquisa vem expor os atrelamentos existentes entre integração, taxonomia e implementação tecnológica, permeando o momento que essas práticas se encontram. Inclusive, como ensaio, este trabalho apresentará uma vivência em uma Instituição privada de ensino, no qual dentro do calendário escolar, o currículo oferece o evento nomeado “Sherlock Holmes” que é uma atividade de caça ao tesouro, desenvolvida em equipe, durante o período da noite e como foco multidisciplinar, no qual oferece oportunidade para os estudantes apresentarem suas técnicas, fazendo uso de conhecimento geral e de tecnologias, perseguindo a premiação final. Para esse projeto, pesquisou-se, a partir de literatura, os julgamentos e toda a vinculação que sinalizam a compreensão de quando e como essas práticas se conectam.
TECNOLOGIAS, CIDADANIA E EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Oliveira Jones Pereira de , Sales Geanine Ribeiro Faria , Meroto Monique Bolonha das Neves , Andrade Sueli Gonçalves de Souza
Published: October 2023

A utilização das tecnologias nas instituições escolares é importante e necessária para atender as demandas de atualização das estratégias metodológicas e para oportunizar a formação de propostas pedagógicas que contemplem a educação e a cidadania de modo a minimizar os riscos que as mídias digitais ou a exposição podem acarretar, como exposição de dados, crimes, bullying, cyberbullying, dentre outros. Fazem-se necessárias práticas pedagógicas e digitais sabendo quais são as informações verdadeiras, quais os sites seguros, quais os cuidados ao acessarem, realizarem cadastros. Por isso, sob o aspecto de pesquisa bibliográfica, composta por levantamento de dados em revistas, periódicos e artigos, o presente estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de levantar os riscos, as práticas digitais e quais as propostas que a escola pode desenvolver para que sejam identificados os direitos e os deveres do contexto digital, bem como ao comprometimento da segurança nas redes. O que propiciou concluir que a escola é o espaço no qual os alunos devem ser ensinados acerca do uso ativo, crítico, consciente e correto das tecnologias para que elas tenham mais do que o caráter de interação, mas a proposição pedagógica para o aprendizado com cuidados, cautela, uma vez que crianças e adolescentes já possuem facilidade de acesso e utilização dos recursos das tecnologias em aplicativos e dispositivos com os quais podem acessar informações, comunicarem-se e aprenderem sobre temáticas diversas.
OS DESAFIOS E ENFRENTAMENTOS DO USO DA TECNOLOGIA E DO MUNDO DIGITAL NA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Réus Rosana , Cardoso Andreza de Souza , Alves Iracilda Maria Nunes Veluta , Barbosa Shirleide Costa dos Santos , Carvalho Silvia Renata de
Published: October 2023

Este trabalho se fez necessário diante de uma realidade que adquiriu novas maneiras de viver, de trabalhar de se organizar, de se conectar de representar a realidade e de fazer educação e com advindo da Pandemia evidenciou-se a dificuldade de acesso às tecnologias e a resistência dos profissionais, alguns alegando não ter conhecimento ou o tal letramento digital e outros por não gostar e até mesmo pelo comodismo e facilidade de ter quem faça. Observando as mudanças provenientes do uso da tecnologia e ao nosso entender a educação não pode e nem deve ficar atrás pois, mudanças diárias acontece ao nosso redor fazendo que cada vez mais, estejamos inseridos no mundo digital. O uso das novas tecnologias na educação tem sido um constante desafio, que nos leva a refletir e pensar sobre o uso das TICs pois, o uso desta tem sido um crescente no ambiente escolar, tanto por alunos como por professores. Portanto a definição do tema em análise, prescinde da importância do papel do professor no encaminhamento do processo educativo através das TICs como mediador de discussões, reflexões que suscitam mudanças efetivas para o futuro sob a ótica do professor que não pode ser vista apenas como quem coordena o processo educacional, mas aquele que provoca reflexões, críticas em torno das contradições subjacentes do atual contexto social no sentido de planejar ações inovadoras que valorizem a unidade educativa e sua modernização.
Prevalence of Premenstrual Syndrome In Females of Gujranwala Division And Its Associated Risk Factors
Authors: Saba Zahid  , Ayesha Riaz  , Kalsoom Sughra  , Ahmed Ali  , Muhammad Naeem Raza
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is characterized by cyclic reoccurrence of distressing somatic and psychological manifestations, during luteal phase of menstrual cycle. Present research work aims to investigate prevalence of PMS in females of Gujranwala division Pakistan and to explore various risk factors associated with this syndrome. Methods: The study included self-administered questionnaire, for diagnosis of PMS and PMDD. Participants were analysed for socio-demographic characteristics and menstrual history, serum cholesterol and haemoglobin levels of patients and control were measured. Results: In the present study, 56% females were screened positive for PMS while Prevalence PMDD was 18%. Most common physical symptoms of PMS were abdominal bloating (63.2%), muscle pain (71.73%), lack of energy (85.85%) and appetite change (79.15%) whereas major distressing psychological were Irritability (82.32%), anger (74.55%), depression (49%) and anxiety (63.2%). Prevalence of PMS was 22.6% in underweight, 50.1% in participants having normal weight, 15.5% in overweight individuals and 11.6% in obese. Anaemia (P = 0.00), fatigue (P = 0.00), dysmenorrhea (P = 0.00), family history of PMS (P = 0.00) and residential area (P = 0.047) were major risk factors for development of different symptoms of PMS. Conclusion: Statistically significant association was not confirmed between PMS, obesity and blood cholesterol level. PMS is a common menstrual disorder among reproductive females of Gujranwala division, Pakistan. Findings of the study revealed that anemic females were at risk to develop PMS symptoms.
Analysis of Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Noor ul Huda  , Sarfaraz Aqiba , Saleem Saima , Azhar Abid
Published: October 2023

The incidence of DM (Diabetes mellitus) is rising all over the world. Inadequate glycemic control in patients having type 2 DM presents a higher risk of developing associated complications. This study was conducted to analyse the information on the management of diabetes in standard clinical practice. The study provides description of clinical profile of subjects with DM2 (Type 2 diabetes mellitus) under treatment with insulin and oral hypoglycemic drugs. A total of 500 patients diagnosed with DM2, and equal number of age and gender matched controls participated in the study. Clinical data including previous medical history of diabetes, medication taken for treatment, comorbidities, pre-prandial and post-prandial plasma glucose, and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were collected. It was observed that among all participants 59.4% were obese and 30.6% were overweight. It was also found that 57.4% patients were suffering from hypertension while 56% were suffering from hyperlipidemia. Patient’s data about family history revealed that 62.2% patients had both or either of the two parents suffering from diabetes. The mean fasting and random plasma glucose levels were found to be 178.6mg/dL and 245.4mg/dL respectively. Moreover, only 8% patients achieved glycemic goals and had HbA1c levels under normal limits. The study reveals that lack of awareness and poor self-care can increase the risk of comorbidities associated with type 2 DM. This study provides a basis for further investigations on quality of life of diabetic patients in various regions of Pakistan.
Inhibitory potential of Phaseolus lunatus L. Seeds to Digestive Enzymes
Authors: Mehreen Zaheer  , Anum Kalim  , Shah Ali Ul Qadar  , Ahmed Salman , Muhammad Mohtasheem Ul Hasan
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Study was taken with an objective to investigate the inhibitory effect of Phaseolus lunatus seeds extract on three enzymes (α-amylase, maltase and glucoamylase) which are involved in diabetes. The disadvantages related with the use of synthetic drugs make it necessary to search for alternative drugs from medicinal plants. One therapeutic approach for the treatment of postprandial hyperglycaemia is to decrease the plasma glucose level which can be attained by lowering the starch hydrolysis by digestive enzymes such as α-amylase, maltase and glucoamylase. The use of synthetic antidiabetic agents caused gastrointestinal side effects.  Methods: Hence, the research was aimed to evaluate the potential of Phaseolus lunatus seeds extract to inhibit α-amylase, maltase and glucoamylase as a possible mechanism of hypoglycemia caused by this plant with less side effects.  Phaseolus lunatus, also known as Lima bean, is native to Tropical America and are grown throughout the world. Lima bean has been prescribed traditionally to treat different diseases including diabetes. Result: The results of the present study showed that Phaseolus lunatus seeds extract have exerted both time and concentration dependent significant inhibitory effect on these digestive enzymes which might be due to cumulative effect of phytoconstituents present in the plant extract. Conclusion: Therefore, it can be said that the part of mechanisms by which Phaseolus lunatus exhibited its antidiabetic activity might be through the inhibition of these digestive enzyme.
Effectiveness Of Double J Stent With Extracorporeal Shockwave Lithotripsy: An Analysis Of Stone-Free Rates
Authors: Jaffery Syed Ali Raza , Jatt Javed Altaf , Memon Waqar Ahmed , Ghanghro Abdul Qayoom , Arain Ahsan Ali , Arain Adeel Hyder , Tariq Sana
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Preservation of renal function and integrity is of profound importance and therefore renders stent-related symptoms a secondary concern. The usage of DJ stent is known for decades to support stone removal, this study aims to assess the effect of DJ stent after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for stone removal and DJ stent-related complications in adult patients. Methods: This is a prospective, comparative study, Patients were selected after being diagnosed with established radiological evidence of a single radio-opaque stone ≤ 2 cm. The presence of the visible radio-opaque shadow post-procedure indicated residual stones and negative results. Primary follow-up was recommended after 2 weeks post-procedure and participants were inquired about all the anticipated complications, data was entered on SPSS version 23.0 for analysis. The chi-square test was applied to assess the significance and a p-value ≤ 0.05 was deemed significant for our results. Results: The sample size of the study was 150, sorted equally into two separated groups categorized by presence and absence of DJ stent after ESWL, stone size was almost similar to avoid any confounding factor with the mean value of 1.24 ± 0.2 in group A and 1.6 ± 0.1 in group B, with a p-value of 0.05. Hematuria was categorized within mild 6(4%) & 7(4.6%), moderate 6(4%) & 5(3.3%) while gross hematuria was reported in 1(0.6%) & 2(1.3%) in group A and B respectively. Conclusion: This study concluded that using a DJ stent with ESWL does not help in the stone passage or improve stone-free rates of stone removal after breaking the calculi with shockwave lithotripsy.
A Comparative Analysis of Inflammatory Markers and Disease Activity Score between Seropositive and Seronegative Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Amber Khan  , Ume Kulsoom  , Maham Ghouri  , Sehrish Fatima  , Saima Saleem  , Sitwat Zehra
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that is characterized by persistent inflammation in the joints and other tissues, leading to significant joint damage irrespective of the serogroups i.e. seropositive and seronegative RA. C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) are commonly used biomarkers to monitor inflammation in RA and to inform therapeutic decision-making. Methods: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between CRP and ESR levels and the severity of disease among seronegative and seropositive patients. ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria were used to recruit RA patients in the study. Clinical assessments were performed to estimate the RF, ACCP antibodies, ESR and CRP. Swollen and tender joints were also taken into account for the calculation of disease activity score-28. Results: The results indicated that significantly elevated CRP levels were consistently observed in seropositive RA, in conjunction with seronegative RA patients (p=0.036). ESR levels were found elevated between the two groups but were not found to be statistically different (p=0.885). DAS28-CRP and DAS28-ESR results showed high severity of disease (>5.1) in both seronegative and seronegative RA patients. Conclusion: The findings of this study highlight the diagnostic and prognostic significance of ESR and CRP levels in RA among seronegative and seropositive patients, particularly in differentiating seropositive and seronegative cases and in guiding therapeutic decisions.
Multiplex System: Identification of Vancomycin (Vana) And Methicillin (Meca) Resistance Genes In Staphylococcus Aureus
Authors: Dheeraj Kumar  , Waqas Ahmad Abbasi  , Uroosa Khalil  , Sumaiya Kazi  , Hiba Saleem  , Kiran Fatima  , Syed Aqib Ali Zaidi  , Kashif Ali  , Faria Fatima
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Emergence of Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) strain from different regions of the world poses a grave concern to human health. Antibiotic resistance in S. aureus is mainly because of the genetic factors which modify or disrupt their target site on bacteria. Methods: This study is focused to identify the vancomycin and methicillin resistance gene in antibiotic sensitive and resistant S. aureus. The pure cultures of S. aureus were isolated, subjected to morphological and biochemical characterization. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done to check the resistance pattern. DNA isolation was followed by genotyping of the antibiotic resistance genes (VanA and MecA) and housekeeping gene (AroE) was done through multiplex PCR method. All the strains showed the colonial, microscopic and biochemical characteristics (catalase and coagulase positive) specific for S. aureus. Results: Majority of the strains were resistant to cefixime (80 %) and least resistance was observed with fusidic acid (0%), while resistance frequency of the remaining antibiotics falls between them. All the strains showed the presence of housekeeping AroE gene with frequency of VanA is 2% and MecA is 24% which coincides with the findings of antibiotic resistance testing. For VanA, there might be other resistance genes of vancomycin cassette which confer the resistance against it. Conclusion: The study will help to discriminate the vancomycin and methicilin sensitive and resistance strains of S. aureus based on their respective genetic factors and help to validate the underlying mechanism in the acquisition of antibiotic resistance.
Optimizing Fungicide Sprays to Tackle Powdery Mildew (Uncinula necator) At The Right Time For healthy grapes production
Authors: Mueen Uddin  , Taimoor Khan  , Faheem Ahmed  , Juma Khan Babar  , Muhammad Ejaz  , Faisal Adnan  , Rehan Fareed  , Hidayatullah Kakar
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Powdery mildew, caused by the fungus Uncinula necator, is a prevalent and harmful disease affecting grapevines, resulting in decreased fruit set and yield. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of various fungicides and spray timings in managing U. necator in grape vineyards. Methods: A field trial was conducted in Pishin, Balochistan in 2020, employing a randomized complete block design with two factors: four fungicides (control, protective fungicide-Bordeaux mixture, curative fungicide-Elite 45 wp, systemic fungicide-Quintec) and four spray timings (dormant spray, bud break, one week before bloom, and berry formation). Results: The findings revealed significant variations in disease severity (PDI) among leaves, inflorescence, and bunches across different fungicides, spray timings, and their interactions. Application of the protective fungicide one week before bloom proved highly effective in preventing U. necator infection, resulting in the lowest PDI values for leaves (0.44%), inflorescence (0.67%), and bunches (0.0%). Curative fungicides sprayed at bloom stage also reduced PDI for inflorescence (2.17%) and bunches (3.56%). Systemic fungicides applied during berry formation exhibited lower PDI for inflorescence (6.44%) and bunches (4.0%) compared to other fungicides. The highest grape production (27.10 t ha-1) was achieved with the protective fungicide sprayed at bloom stage, followed by the curative fungicide at bloom stage (25.87 t ha-1). The negative and highly significant relationship (R2=0.809) between PDI of leaves and grape yield indicated that higher disease severity led to decreased yield. Conclusion: In conclusion, a protective fungicide spray before bloom, followed by a systemic fungicide spray at berry formation, effectively controls U. necator and ensures healthier and higher grape yields.
Editorial
Authors: Espinoza Morales Francisco
Published: October 2023

Con esta edición se abrió un espacio a la comunidad universitaria y científica, en la comunicación gestación, producción y transferencia del conocimiento científico en ese tema.Agradecemos a nuestros colaboradores en el equipo de edición, porque con ello se fortalece este esfuerzo editorial, gracias de nuevo compañeros investigadores.Nuestro compromiso sigue siendo el mismo, contribuir y aportar con nuestros conocimientos, en este espacio que ha construido la División de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales de la Universidad de Sonora, con el apoyo de Fomento Editorial y la dirección de Investigación y Posgrado.
Metodología de marco lógico: una herramienta clave para la gestión efectiva de proyectos sociales
Authors: Jara Capa Jhenny Ximena , Castillo Ortega Yonimiller , Solís Muñoz Juan Bautista
Published: October 2023

Los rendimientos agrícolas en la mayoría de los cultivos están por debajo de los valores que deben alcanzarse bajo riego, lo cual disminuye la eficiencia de utilización del agua y además la rentabilidad del riego. En la parroquia Susudel, se ha evidenciado una disminución de la producción agrícola en la zona, lo que provoca que las familias se vean obligadas a abandonar sus comunidades en busca de mejores oportunidades de sustento. El objetivo de esta investigación es elaborar un proyecto social con enfoque de marco lógico que promueva la incorporación de un sistema de riego en esta parroquia del cantón Oña. Que permita abastecer de agua a gran parte del sector y mejorar las condiciones de producción agrícola, incrementar la productividad de los cultivos locales y la calidad de vida de la comunidad. La metodología de marco lógico y la matriz de marco lógico se destacan como herramientas valiosas para simplificar el proceso de conceptualización, diseño, ejecución y evaluación de proyectos sociales. Los resultados muestran que la parroquia enfrenta desafíos relacionados con la escasez de agua y la falta de un sistema de riego, pero existe un interés y una disposición por parte de los agricultores para mejorar su producción agrícola y ganadera un 60%, mediante la implementación de un sistema de riego comunitario. La implementación de un sistema de riego eficiente tiene múltiples beneficios como optimizar el uso de agua disponible y proporcionar a los agricultores una herramienta valiosa para el desarrollo de sus actividades agro-productivas.
Relación entre liderazgo ético y motivación intrínseca. El rol mediador de la creatividad y el múltiple efecto moderador del compromiso de continuidad
Authors: Santiago Torner Carlos
Published: October 2023

Esta investigación tiene como finalidad considerar si el liderazgo ético influye sobre la motivación intrínseca teniendo en cuenta a la creatividad como un constructo mediador. Asimismo, es crucial conocer cómo el compromiso de continuidad modera la relación causal entre las variables estudiadas. Por último, se incluye la covariable antigüedad para revisar su rol dentro del modelo utilizado. Por consiguiente, se aplica un esquema cuantitativo, transversal, correlacional-causal con una muestra de 448 empleados. Respecto a los resultados, el compromiso de continuidad condiciona negativamente el vínculo del liderazgo ético tanto con la creatividad como con la motivación intrínseca. Además, la creatividad media significativamente el nexo entre liderazgo ético y motivación intrínseca. Sin embargo, esta mediación se deteriora cuando el compromiso de continuidad intercede. Lo mismo ocurre con la relación directa entre liderazgo ético y motivación intrínseca. Conjuntamente, la antigüedad se asocia activamente con la creatividad y con la motivación intrínseca del seguidor. Por último, el liderazgo ético y la creatividad se relacionan de forma curvilínea con un aspecto en forma convexa según la calidad de la interacción líder-seguidor. Las principales implicaciones prácticas han de buscar el establecer políticas de formación adecuadas que eduquen a los nuevos líderes éticos aprovechando tanto los valores corporativos como la riqueza académica de los empleados. Además, es posible disminuir el compromiso de continuidad a través de una identificación ideológica del seguidor con la tarea y ampliando su participación en la toma de decisiones. Para terminar, el promover la creatividad intergeneracional evita la conformidad e incrementa el aprendizaje.
The ABC Index Conundrum's Complete Solution
Authors:   aFaculty of Information Studies, Novo Mesto, Slovenia, Dimitrov Darko , Du Zhibin ,   School of Software, South China Normal University, Guangdong, China
Published: October 2023

The problem of complete characterization of trees with minimal atom-bond-connectivity index (minimal-ABC trees) has a reputation as one of the most challenging and intriguing open problems in mathematical chemistry. Recently, the problem has been completely solved. Here, we provide an overview of the key results that led to its complete solution.
Besinlerdeki Bazı Biyoaktif Bileşiklerin Anti-Diyabetik Etkinliği
Authors: ÖZEKİNCİ Ayden , OLCAY EMİNSOY İrem
Published: October 2023

Diyabet hiperglisemi ile karakterize, kronik ve giderek artan bir küresel sağlık sorunudur. Diyabet ilerleyen yıllarda komplikasyonlarda, prevelansında ve sağlık harcamalarında artış olması öngörülen bir hastalıktır. Diyabetle mücadele edecek hasta sayısının 2030’da 643 milyona ve 2045’te 783 milyona çıkacağı tahmin edilmekteyken diyabetin son 15 yılda %316’lık bir artışla en az 966 milyar dolarlık sağlık harcamasına neden olduğu bildirilmektedir. Günümüzde diyabet yönetimi antihiperglisemik ilaçlar (metformin, sülfonilüre türevleri vb.) ve insülin tedavisi ile yapılmaktadır. İlaçların yüksek maliyetli ve çeşitli yan etkiler oluşturması (hipoglisemi, şişkinlik, ishal, ağırlık artışı, halsizlik vb.) araştırmacıları farklı tedavi yöntemleri geliştirmeye yöneltmiştir. Bu bağlamda çalışmalar son yıllarda geleneksel insülin ve anti-diyabetik ilaç tedavilerinin yanında besin ögesi olmayan biyoaktif diyetsel bileşenlerin diyabet patobiyolojisindeki etkilerini araştırma konusunda hız kazanmıştır. Besinlerin içeriğindeki doğal ögelerin anti-diyabetik etkinliği ve düşük toksisitesi nedeniyle ilerleyen sağlık stratejilerinde umut verici bir alternatif olabileceği belirtilerek bu bileşenlerin anti-diyabetik etkisini tanımlamaya ve açıklamaya yönelik çalışmalar geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada da bu bileşenlerin potansiyel anti-diyabetik etki mekanizmaları araştırılmıştır.