bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A APLICAÇÃO DE TERAPIAS ALTERNATIVAS NO CONTROLE DA ANSIEDADE EM PROFISSIONAIS ATUANTES EM UM GRUPO PELA UNIDADE INFANTO-JUVENIL DE ONCO-HEMATOLOGIA
Authors: Nunes Juliana Folchini , Ramos Lidiane Gonçalves , Medeiros Izabel Scarabelot , Pavei Susane Raquel Périco , Soratto Maria Tereza
Published: September 2018

Estudo com objetivo de identificar a contribuição proporcionada pela aplicação de terapias alternativas no controle da ansiedade em profissionais atuantes em um grupo pela unidade infanto-juvenil de onco-hematologia, de um município do Extremo Sul Catarinense. Pesquisa de abordagem quali-quantitativa, descritiva, exploratória e de campo. O estudo foi desenvolvido com 09 profissionais. Aplicou-se a Escala de Avaliação de Ansiedade de Hamilton na equipe multiprofissional, as terapias alternativas e a entrevista semiestruturada. A análise dos dados qualitativos foi realizada a partir da análise de conteúdo. Na fase de análise de dados quantitativos da Escala de Avaliação de Ansiedade de Hamilton, as informações foram quantificadas através do Microsoft Office Excel e apresentados por meio de análise quantitativa. O resultado da Escala de Avaliação de Ansiedade de Hamilton indicou que todos os profissionais apresentaram ansiedade, sendo 44,44% nível leve; 33,33% nível moderado e 22,22% nível severo ou intenso. Após a aplicação das terapias alternativas, 28,57% dos profissionais que apresentaram ansiedade moderada e 28,57% com ansiedade intensa migraram para ansiedade leve; totalizando 57,14% com diminuição expressiva do nível de ansiedade.  Considera-se a eficácia significativa da utilização das terapias alternativas para o controle da ansiedade dos profissionais e sugere-se a continuidade do cuidado do cuidador como forma de melhorar a qualidade de vida no trabalho.
O USO PROLONGADO DE BENZODIAZEPÍNICOS POR IDOSOS E O RISCO PARA DEMÊNCIA
Authors: Faria Luciana Silveira , Budni Josiane
Published: September 2018

A população está envelhecendo e com isso, políticas de saúde precisam ser desenvolvidas, para fornecer maior qualidade de vida à população idosa. Há um grande número de indivíduos idosos que administram vários medicamentos em função das comorbidades do envelhecimento. Entre estes fármacos estão os benzodiazepínicos. Estes causam vários efeitos colaterais, entre eles a amnésia, uma queixa constante dos idosos. Portanto, estudo tem por objetivo relacionar o uso prolongado de benzodiazepínicos em idosos e o risco para o desenvolvimento da demência. Alguns estudos mostram que vários sintomas que antecedem a demência são tratados com benzodiazepínicos. São vários os fatores de risco atribuídos ao uso desses fármacos em idosos, como déficit cognitivo, quedas, fraturas, etc. A indicação do uso e seu tempo de uso, devem ser constantemente avaliados, pois seu uso prolongado causará muitos prejuízos a curto prazo. Estudos apontam um risco aumento para os indivíduos idosos em desenvolver demências com o uso prolongado de benzodiazepínicos. A população mundial está envelhecendo, e portanto, precisa-se do desenvolvimento de políticas públicas de saúde para as pessoas com mais de 60 anos para que estas sejam assistidas e que, inclusive, se possa ter maiores informações acerca do efeito prolongado de certos medicamentos, como os benzodiazepínicos. Adicionais pesquisas relacionadas aos fármacos que possam ser utilizados por idosos e que não comprometam a saúde dos mesmos, e sim aumentam a qualidade de vida destes, são necessários.
COMPETÊNCIAS DE ENFERMAGEM PARA A PREVENÇÃO DE NECROSE E RETRAÇÃO EM QUEIMADURAS
Authors: Zimmermann Karina Cardoso Gulbis , Schardosim Amanda De Barros , De Oliveira Maria Aparecida , Rosa Luciana , Zanini Maria Teresa Brasil , Tessmann Mágada
Published: September 2018

O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar as competências de enfermagem voltadas para a prevenção de necrose e retração em queimaduras, em uma unidade de queimados. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem metodológica qualitativa, descritiva-exploratória e de campo, realizada com quinze profissionais, sendo 02 (dois) enfermeiros e 13 (treze) técnicos de Enfermagem da Unidade de Queimados de um hospital do Rio Grande do Sul.  Os dados foram analisados por meio da técnica de categorização proposta por Minayo, com a qual foi possível elencar as principais idéias do grupo sobre o tema pesquisado.  As principais categorias percebidas e analisadas que chamaram a atenção foram relacionadas ao cuidado com a infecção e o tratamento da ferida local, no intuito de consagrar como uma das estratégias para prevenção de necrose. Na retração por sua vez, as competências para prevenção mais elencadas foram o posicionamento do paciente, curativo com técnica correta e utilização de suportes na área lesionada. Todavia, vale destacar que a dor foi apontada como a principal dificuldade na realização das intervenções, inclusive de mobilizações e reposicionamentos devido à resistência ao toque, contribuindo assim ao possível aparecimento de complicações como a retração ou cicatrização ineficaz.  Quanto ao aperfeiçoamento, verifica-se que há necessidade de abordar e implementar um pouco mais a temática voltando-se para a SAE e as competências de Enfermagem nesse cuidado, uma vez que observou-se que as questões administrativas preenchem a maior parte do tempo dos enfermeiros. O aperfeiçoamento de condutas e formação de mais serviços especializados nesta área, além de auxiliar os profissionais de enfermagem no cuidado destes pacientes de forma a contribuir para a promoção da reabilitação social e funcional dos mesmos, objetivará a minimização de complicações como necrose e retração.
DEBATES, TENSÕES E COMPROMISSOS NA INSTITUCIONALIZAÇÃO DA ECONOMIA SOCIAL EM PORTUGAL, 1974-2013
Authors: Garrido Álvaro
Published: September 2018

O presente artigo proporciona uma breve análise do processo histórico de institucionalização da Economia Social e das políticas de solidariedade concretizadas em Portugal desde a Revolução de Abril de 1974 à publicação da Lei de Bases da Economia Social, em 2013. Tomando por referência o conceito que o ordenamento jurídico português tem fixado, a análise centra-se nas relações institucionais e ideológicas que se estabeleceram, a partir de 1974 e da Constituição de 1976, entre as políticas sociais públicas instituídas pela Democracia e a acção das organizações identificadas com a Economia Social e Solidária. Apresentam-se os marcos fundamentais desse relacionamento negocial e destacam-se os significados dos compromissos estabelecidos. A análise assenta numa perspectiva sistémica e institucionalista que não dispensa referências ao jogo de poderes e à dinâmica dos interesses. Neste como noutros campos que implicam a justiça social e a democracia económica, o caso português oferece um bom exemplo da forma como as práticas voluntárias de solidariedade e de cooperação beneficiaram muito da institucionalização do Estado-Providência.Palavras-chave: Economia Social; solidariedade; políticas sociais, Portugal; democracia.Este artigo antecipa informação reunida no livro de Álvaro Garrido e David Pereira, A Economia Social em Movimento: uma história das organizações, Lisboa, Tinta da China, 2018 (no prelo).
A representação social da biologia entre alunos do ensino médio: implicações educativas e profissionais a partir das redes semânticas
Authors: Santos Absalon A. , Schünemann Haller E. S. , Libardi Roberta L. S. , Ferreira Rubia B.
Published: September 2018

Resumo: A Biologia é uma área de ciência avançada e cada vez mais importante atualmente, sem, contudo, despertar um interesse maior entre alunos do ensino médio. O objetivo dessa pesquisa é investigar a Representação Social de Biologia entre alunos do ensino médio. A metodologia utilizada foi Redes Semânticas para os termos Biologia, Ciências e Profi ssão. Foram pesquisados 100 alunos do ensino médio. Os resultados permitiram identifi car que os alunos do ensino médio têm uma representação social da Biologia muito associada a seus conteúdos e muito pouco em relação às ações científi cas presentes na Biologia. A própria ideia de Ciências é mais associada a Física e Química do que a Biologia, ao mesmo tempo que muito associam mais a disciplina escolar do ensino fundamental, que a atividade científica em si. Por fi m, a representação social de Profi ssão enfatiza comportamentos de sucesso não relacionados ao trabalho científi co. Esses resultados sugerem que uma parte do problema está associada provavelmente à forma na qual é conduzido o ensino de Biologia, que favorece apenas a representação de nomes e não de uma postura de investigação e produção de conhecimento. Isto enfraquece a possibilidade de identifi cação do aluno de ensino médio, de Biologia como uma profi ssão.Palavras-chave: Ensino de Biologia; Representação Social; ProfissãoAbstract: Biology is an area of advanced science and increasingly important today, without awakening a greater interest among high school students. Th e objective of this research is to investigate the Social Representation of Biology among high school students. Th e methodology used was semantic networks for words Biology, Science and Profession. We surveyed 100 high school students. Th e results showed that high school students have a social representation of the biology associated with its very content and very little about the actions present in scientifi c biology. Th e very idea of science is more related to physics and chemistry than biology, while associate much more discipline Elementary School that scientifi c activity itself. Finally, the social representation of behaviors emphasizes Occupation of success is not related to scientifi c research. Th ese results suggest that part of the problem is probably associated with the way in which teaching is conducted in biology that favors only the representation of names and not in a position of research and knowledge production. Th is weakens the possibility of identifying the student’s high school biology as a professionKeywords: Teaching Biology; Social Representation; Profession
Práticas sustentáveis para a gestão de metas da cooperflora-cooperativa dos floricultores
Authors: Van	Schaik Lais Mariana da Silva , Germano Mariana Panuncio , Unglaub Delton Lehr
Published: September 2018

Este artigo visa analisar como o desempenho em termos de sustentabilidade corporativa dentro das perspectivas econômica, social e ambiental auxilia na gestão de metas da cooperativa. O método de pesquisa foi um estudo de caso descritivo e os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas com nove colaboradores, sendo eles gestores das áreas financeira, de recursos humanos e de gestão ambiental, incluindo diretor geral, gerente de RH, gerente de marketing, e seus assistentes das respectivas áreas; executado na Cooperflora-Cooperativa dos floricultores situada na cidade de Holambra (SP). Dentro dos atributos analisados, observou-se que a organização em estudo adota práticas sustentáveis associadas a esta pesquisa. Na perspectiva econômica existe preocupação em manter um sistema de gestão alinhado com os objetivos da cooperativa bem como seus cooperados e clientes, buscando atingir suas metas. Na perspectiva ambiental, existe um sistema de gestão com medidas básicas que podem ser melhoradas. Sobre a perspectiva social, a empresa vem obtendo sucesso nas ações, auxiliando a comunidade.
Competência intraempreendedora como vantagem competitiva: estudo empírico analítico com docentes no estado de São Paulo
Authors: Brianezi Alyne Bento de Lima , Araujo Karin De Andrade Barbosa
Published: September 2018

O intraempreendedorismo carrega como premissa a inovação atrelada, predominantemente, aos negócios. O artigo traz como objetivo central uma análise das competências que os intraempreendedores possuem e sua contribuição dentro do seguimento do ensino: docentes de uma Instituição de Ensino (IE). Primeiramente, realizou-se revisão bibliográfica, percorrendo temas correlatos ao intraempreendedorismo, competências e vantagem competitiva, seguida de estudo de caso baseado em pesquisa exploratória qualitativa descritiva com docentes.Tem como finalidade proporcionar estímulos às organizações a desenvolverem seus colaboradores através do intraempreendedorismo, obtendo, assim, vantagem competitiva crescente na empresa. A partir dessa análise concluiu-se que a maioria dos docentes responsáveis pelo processo de ensino-aprendizagem possui a competência intraempreendedora e os demais buscam individualmente ou com influência da organização o desenvolvimento dessa competência. Percebeu-se, assim, a contribuição positiva em relação à vantagem competitiva tanto organizacional como profissional diante de constatações empíricas.
A Framework for Implementing OER-Based Lesson Design Activities for Pre-Service Teachers
Authors: Kim Dongho
Published: September 2018

The demand for qualified teachers with sufficient pedagogical knowledge and skills is high. However, existing teacher education programs do not provide adequate experiences through which to develop pre-service teachers’ professional foundations. This study recognized Open Educational Resources (OER) as a means by which to address the issue of enhancing teacher education. The purpose of this study was to propose a framework to be used to integrate OER into lesson design activities for pre-service teachers. In this study, a focused literature review investigated the frameworks of distributed cognition and example-based learning. This review process resulted in a unified framework that provides a description of how pre-service teachers learn with OER at both the individual and cognitive system levels. Four principles and 10 guidelines are provided to guide the implementation of OER-based lesson design activities in real settings. The new framework has the potential to enhance pre-service teachers’ Web resource-based professional development.
Pushing Toward a More Personalized MOOC: Exploring Instructor Selected Activities, Resources, and Technologies for MOOC Design and Implementation
Authors: Bonk Curtis J. , Zhu Meina , Kim Minkyoung , Xu Shuya , Sabir Najia , Sari Annisa R
Published: September 2018

This study explores the activities, tools, and resources that instructors of massive open online courses (MOOCs) use to improve the personalization of their MOOCs. Following email interviews with 25 MOOC and open education leaders regarding MOOC personalization, a questionnaire was developed. This questionnaire was then completed by 152 MOOC instructors from around the world. While more than 8 in 10 respondents claimed heavy involvement in designing their MOOCs, only one-third placed extensive effort on meeting unique learner needs during course design, and even fewer respondents were concerned with personalization during course delivery. An array of instructional practices, technology tools, and content resources were leveraged by instructors to personalize MOOC-based learning environments. Aligning with previous research, the chief resources and tools employed in their MOOCs were discussion forums, video lectures, supplemental readings, and practice quizzes. In addition, self-monitoring and peer-based methods of learner feedback were more common than instructor monitoring and feedback. Some respondents mentioned the use of flexible deadlines, proposed alternatives to course assignments, and introduced multimedia elements, mobile applications, and guest speakers among the ways in which they attempted to personalize their massive courses. A majority of the respondents reported modest or high interest in learning new techniques to personalize their next MOOC offering.
Phenotypic Assays for Detection of Extended Spectrum Β-Lactamases and Carbapenemases: A Laboratory Guide for Microbiologists
Authors: Aruhomukama Dickson
Published: September 2018

This review aimed at defining and classifying extended spectrum β-lactamases, ESBLs and carbapenemases, summarizing the different phenotypic methods used to detect production of these enzymes in clinically significant gram negative bacteria and also describing the methods that discourse challenges mostly encountered during detection of these enzymes in microbiology laboratories with the purpose of formulating recommendations on best practice to screen for these enzymes. We conclude that the modified double disk synergy, MDDS is not only suitable for the confirmation of ESBL production after screening isolates with the cephalosporin/clavulanate combination disc diffusion or broth micro-dilution methods but also distinguishes ESBL production and over-expression of AmpC-derepressed mutants and as well serves as an indicator for AmpC screening. Furthermore, we suggest cefotaxime, ceftazidime and cefpodoxime (for testing using a single drug) as indicator antibiotics of choice for ESBL detection. The MDDS and cefoxitin/AmpC inhibitor combination disc method, using cloxacillin and phenylboronic acid can be used as screening tests for AmpC production and either the AmpC disc test, the disc approximation test or the modified three dimensional extract test as confirmatory tests for AmpC production. We also suggest that confirmation of carbapenemase production be done with the modified hodge test, using Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603 as the indicator organism or the modified carbapenem inactivation method. However, to differentiate between the different classes of carbapenemases, boronic acid and EDTA based methods (double-disk synergy tests and combined-disk tests) using imipenem, meropenem and ertapenem, in combination with 3-aminophenylboronic acid and ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid be used.
Identification  of the Antioxidant Capacity of Scropholaria Striata Boiss for the First Time and the Effect of Some Ecological Features on It
Authors: ghavam mansureh , zargoosh zahra , tavili ali
Published: September 2018

Scropholaria Striata Boiss is one of the most important medicinal plants which mostly grows in cold regions and Zagros Mountains in Iran. Although the chemical composition of this plant is not explored yet, people living in Ilam have been using it for many years in order to treat different illnesses. The present study aims to analyze the effect of some ecological factors on antioxidant potential and the amount of Phenol in this plant, and it has a random factorial design with 2 factors (height and region) and is repeated three times. The fruiting twigs of the plant were gathered in 3 height levels and in the same direction (north-east) with 100 meters distances. They were gathered from three districts of Badreh, Dareshahr, and Dehloran in Ilam province in June, 2016, when the fruits appear. Moreover, to analyze different soil chemical and physical features, soil samples were gathered from half-meter depth under the shrubs. The antioxidant action of Methanol extract from plant samples and the total amount of Phenol compounds were measured through DPPH and Folin-Ciocalteu method, respectively. Analysis of variance of data (soil and plant quantities) and comparison of means were done through F-test and Duncan-test, respectively, with error probability of 5%. After statistic data analysis, the results showed that the effects of region and height and also the mutual effect these two on antioxidant potential and total Phenol amount were significant with error probability of 1 %. The maximum extract efficiency (19.37 ± 3.07 %), antioxidant potential (126.5656 ± 0.96 µg/ mL) and the total Phenol amount (55.7689 ± 3.17 µg/ mL) were obtained from Dareshahr district in height level of 600 meters above mean sea level. Also, the minimum amount of total Phenol (24.6544 ± 3.21 µg/ mL) was recorded in the lowest height level of Badreh district in which Phosphorus, Potassium, organic carbon, organic material, Nitrogen, acidity, lime and silt had the minimum amount. On the other hand, antioxidant activity and total Phenol amount had a strong direct correlation in two districts of Dareshahr and Badreh, but were correlated reversely and strongly in Dehloran district. Therefore, it can be stated that the plant has the potential for antioxidant activity; but the complexity of ecological factors effects, on one hand, and the emerge of different chemical processes in the plant under such effects, on the other hand, has led to synthesis of different compounds which are effective on antioxidant potential of the plant in different regions.
Glutamine: Metabolism and Immune Function, Supplementation and Clinical Translation
Authors: Cruzat Vinicius , Macedo Rogero Marcelo , Noel Keane Kevin , Curi Rui , Newsholme Philip
Published: September 2018

Glutamine is the most abundant and versatile amino acid in the body. In health and disease, the rate of glutamine consumption by immune cells is similar or greater than glucose. For instance, in vitro and in vivo studies have determined that glutamine is an essential nutrient for lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production, macrophage phagocytic plus secretory activities and neutrophil bacterial killing. Glutamine release to the circulation and availability is mainly controlled by key metabolic organs, such as the gut, liver and skeletal muscles. During catabolic/hypercatabolic situations glutamine can become essential for metabolic function, but its availability may be compromised due to impairment of homeostasis in the inter-tissue metabolism of amino acids. For this reason, glutamine is currently part of clinical nutrition supplementation protocols and/or recommended for immune suppressed individuals. However, in a wide range of catabolic/hypercatabolic situations (e.g. ill/critically ill, post-trauma, sepsis, exhausted athletes) it is currently difficult to determine whether glutamine parenteral or enteral supplementation should be recommended based on the amino acid plasma concentration (glutaminemia). Although the beneficial immune based effects of glutamine supplementation is already established, many questions and evidence for positive in vivo outcomes still remain to be presented. Therefore, this paper provides an integrated review on how glutamine metabolism in key organs is important to cells of the immune system. We also discuss glutamine metabolism, action and important issues related to the effects of glutamine supplementation in catabolic situations.
Topological Signature of 19th Century Novelists: Persistence Homology in Context-Free Text Mining
Authors: Gholizadeh Shafie , Seyeditabari Armin , Zadrozny Wlodek
Published: September 2018

Topological Data Analysis (TDA) refers to a collection of methods that find the structure of shapes in data. Although recently, TDA methods have been used in many areas of data mining, it has not been widely applied to text mining tasks. In most text processing algorithms, the order in which different entities appear or co-appear is being lost. Assuming these lost orders are informative features of the data, TDA may play a significant role in the resulted gap on text processing state of the art. Once provided, the topology of different entities through a textural document may reveal some additive information regarding the document that is not reflected in any other features from traditional text processing methods. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach that hires TDA in text processing in order to capture and use the topology of different same-type entities in textural documents. First, we will show how to extract some topological signatures in the text using persistent homology-i.e., a TDA tool that captures topological signature of data cloud. Then we will show how to utilize these signatures for text classification.
Organizing the Puzzle: A Comprehensive and Theoretically Multidimensional Framework for Categorizing Green Supply Chain Practices
Authors: Assumpção Jairo José , Vazquez-Brust Diego A. , Campos Lucila M. S.
Published: September 2018

Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) practices have received increasing attention from scholars through comprehensive literature reviews. Nevertheless, the application of theories in studies that try to explain GSCM practices is not totally well established. The main objective of this study is to integrate GSCM practices with organizational theories underpinning for three contextual perspectives in order to propose a framework, which is able to guide research and analyses of value chain. This is a theoretical study based on a systematic search. Results indicated 427 practices and nine theories to explain such practices, which were structured in eleven constructs. Finally, a predictive structure was presented, aligning the constructs with the theories, contexts and main characteristics of each set of practices.
Prototype of Mobile Device to Contribute in Urban Mobility of the Visually Impaired People
Authors: Amorim Fabricio , Santil Fernando
Published: September 2018

The vision can be used to recognize images and to improve mental pictures of environments. Visually impaired people feel a lack of aid for their independent or facilitated urban mobility, which can be achieved with the use of mobile devices and cartographic tools using audiovisual outputs. This work raises issues about urban mobility for the accessibility of visually impaired people in areas still unexplored by them, it uses cartographic technologies in electronic devices. For a preview of the test area located in Monte Carmelo (MG), a tactile model was used to form the first image of the eight volunteers. Results were obtained through research with not blind and blind individuals, it validated the use of áreas’s mobile registration prototype positioning in field or not, when the coordinates from the objects are known for registration. The results indicate that both the tactile model and the audiovisual prototype can be used by blind and non-blind people. Above all, the prototype proved to be a viable and adequate option for decision making in urban environments. New ways of presenting data to blind or otherwise blind people can still be studied.
Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris Untuk Para Siswa Sekolah Dasar Di Rumah Belajar Sosial
Authors: Ningsih Maria G Sri , Rahmawati Noni Mia
Published: September 2018

The implementation of community service aimed at improving the English proficiency of the students in study house. The methods applied in this training were the provision of materials and practice. The provision of materials was the provision of guidance and explanation of the theory of English. After that, the teacher gave the questions and asked the students to do and practice dialogue in English. There were two study houses namely home study in Sido Rahayu and in Pandan Landung. The results of the activities were: at Sido Rahayu home study: 100% students always came and followed the activities held twice a week. 90% students understood the material and could work on the questions given by the teacher in writing. 80% students could do independently and could do a conversation.At Pandan Landung home study: 100% students always actively came. 75% students really understood the material and could work on the questions in writing. 6o% students could do independently the problems given by teachers and could do a simple conversation.
Corn Density Effect on Interseeded Cover Crops, Weeds, and Grain Yield
Authors: Youngerman Connor Z. , DiTommaso Antonio , Curran William S. , Mirsky Steven B. , Ryan Matthew R.
Published: September 2018

Core Ideas

Observed trade‐off between corn planting density and drill interseeded cover crop biomass.

Effect of corn density on cover crop biomass was mediated by light and weed biomass.

Interseeded cover crops suppressed weeds in the fall and did not affect corn grain yield.

A field experiment was conducted at three sites (New York, Pennsylvania, and Maryland) in 2016 to test the effects of drill interseeding a cover crop mixture consisting of cereal rye (Secale cereale L.), annual ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.), hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth), and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) into organically managed corn (Zea mays L.). We quantified the effects of corn density on weed biomass, cover crop biomass, and corn grain yield. Increasing corn density had a direct negative effect on interseeded cover crop biomass as well as indirect effects that were mediated by light transmission and weeds. At two sites, corn grain yield at the low corn density (3.71 plants m−2) did not differ from corn grain yield at the standard density (7.41 plants m−2). We also compared plots with and without interseeded cover crops at the same standard corn planting density. Corn grain yield did not differ, but weed biomass at the October sample date was 31% lower in plots with interseeded cover crops compared to plots without. Our results suggest that organic farmers may be able to (i) improve weed suppression in corn by interseeding cover crops and (ii) optimize cropping system performance by planting corn at a slightly lower rate (e.g., 5–10%) than what is typically used when interseeding cover crops. Additional research should be conducted across a wider range of environments to determine corn planting rate recommendations that optimize corn yield, cover crop growth, weed suppression, and profitability in organic cropping systems.
Nitrogen Rate and Growth Regulator Effects on Shaded Velvet and Creeping Bentgrasses
Authors: Pease Ben W. , Stier John C.
Published: September 2018

Core Ideas

Agrostis canina had equivalent response to shade as A. stolonifera.

Low N rates resulted in better turf survival in shade than high N rates for both bentgrass species.

Agrostis canina and A. stolonifera responded similarly to trinexapac‐ethyl in shade.

Shading of golf course putting greens often reduces turf quality (TQ). Observations suggested velvet bentgrass (Agrostis canina L., VBG) was more shade tolerant than creeping bentgrass (A. stolonifera L., CBG). Our objectives were to compare the TQ and growth response of ‘Vesper’ VBG and ‘Tyee’ CBG to N rates and growth regulator application under 80% shade. The experimental design was a randomized block, strip‐split plot with four replications. Foliar urea N was applied every 14 d at annual N rates of 49, 98, and 196 kg ha−1. Trinexapac‐ethyl (TE, 0.00 and 0.05 kg a.i. ha−1) was applied every 28 d. Treatments were applied May through October 2009 and 2010. Data collected were TQ, clipping yield, relative chlorophyll index (RCI), and ball roll distance. Nitrogen rate affected TQ more than TE application, though effects of both factors were significant in both years. Turf quality differences between species only affected TQ in 2010 when CBG had higher TQ than VBG on 9 of 19 dates. Rating date and N rate accounted for most clipping yield differences. In 2009, VBG had less clipping yield than CBG. Differences in RCI were greatest in 2010, with 196 kg ha−1 N having significantly lower RCIs than the other N rates when compared across rating dates. Nitrogen rate and species each affected ball roll distances. Neither VBG nor CBG provided acceptable putting green TQ at 80% shade. Application of TE and 49 kg ha−1 yr−1 N resulted in the highest TQ for the longest duration.
Maize–Legume Intercropping and Push–Pull for Management of Fall Armyworm, Stemborers, and Striga in Uganda
Authors: Hailu Girma , Niassy Saliou , Zeyaur Khan R. , Ochatum Nathan , Subramanian Sevgan
Published: September 2018

Core Ideas

Recommending complex maize pest management options for small‐scale African farmers.

Determining effective and environmentally friendly fall armyworm management for smallholder farmers.

Evaluating effects of edible legume and maize intercropping on fall armyworm.

Maize (Zea mays L.) production in Africa is constrained by several biotic and abiotic factors. The recent occurrence of fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) a new invasive pest in Africa, has escalated the problem. Push–pull technology (PPT), proven to be effective for stemborers (Chilo partellus Swinhoe and Busseola fusca Fuller) and the parasitic weed striga (Striga hermontica Delile) management in Africa has been shown to provide good control of FAW. This study investigated if intercropping maize with edible legumes can also reduce the abundance of FAW. Six treatments including (i) climate‐smart PPT, (ii) conventional PPT, (iii) maize intercropped with bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), (iv) maize intercropped with soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], (v) maize intercropped with groundnut [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] and, (vi) mono‐cropped maize were evaluated on farm in six districts of Uganda in the 2017 short rains season. Data collected included FAW, stemborer, and striga infestation symptoms, and severity of infestation. Climate‐smart PPT performed best in reducing stemborer, FAW, and striga infestation followed by conventional PPT over all the phenological stages of maize. Intercropping of maize with leguminous crops also provided significant reduction of stemborer and FAW compared to mono‐cropped maize, especially in the early growth phases of the maize up to tasseling. However, intercropping of maize with edible legumes was not very effective for striga management as compared to PPT. Hence in addition to PPT, intercropping of maize with edible legumes could also be an alternative FAW management option when integrated with other sustainable management measures.
Swine Manure, Nematicides, and Long‐Term Tillage Change Soil Ecology in Corn and Soybean Production
Authors: Grabau Zane J. , Vetsch Jeffrey A. , Chen Senyu
Published: September 2018

Core Ideas

Swine manure enriched the soil food web in ways that conventional fertilizers did not.

Tillage increased abundances of enrichment‐opportunist nematodes.

Aldicarb nematicide negatively affected nontarget free‐living nematodes, but inconsistently.

Corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] are important crops and a major part of the US landscape. Soybean and corn production practices influence soil ecology, and good soil quality is essential for crop productivity. Fertilizer application, tillage, and pesticide application are foundational practices in these crops, and the nematode community is a useful indicator of changes in soil ecology. Therefore, the nematode community was assessed in a series of 2‐yr experiments in corn and soybean production. Long‐term conventional tillage and minimum tillage treatments were in place at the study site for 14 yr at the start of the study. Additional treatments were combinations of conventional fertilizers (N‐P‐K and N‐P‐K‐S), liquid swine manure, and granular nematicide (aldicarb or terbufos). Manure application consistently and substantially increased bacterivore abundances compared with conventional fertilizers or untreated control, with effects continuing over a year after application. Bacterivores are resource opportunists, so this indicates that manure application enriched the soil food web in ways that conventional fertilizers did not. Tillage also enriched the soil food web, based on increased bacterivore and fungivore abundances, albeit inconsistently between rotations. Aldicarb nematicide was generally effective against plant‐parasitic nematodes but also decreased abundances of nontarget free‐living nematodes, albeit inconsistently. Omnivores and predators had relatively small abundances throughout the study, and neither tillage nor fertilizer application affected these nematodes. In summary, agricultural practices influenced soil ecology, and manure application had the strongest influence among the practices tested, shifting the food web to an enriched condition.
Cotton Response to Residual Poultry Litter: Leaf Area, Nitrogen Removal, and Yield
Authors: Read John J. , Adeli Ardeshir , McCarty Jack C. , Feng Gary G.
Published: September 2018

Core Ideas

A low to moderate N rate is a best management practice after cessation of pelletized poultry litter.

This best management practice optimized leaf area, N removal, and lint yield, while reducing input costs.

This best management practice reduced soil nitrate levels in the top 30 cm after harvest by approximately 61%.

Nitrogen carryover from pelletized poultry litter (PPL) can partially meet cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.) N demands. A 3‐yr study determined yield effects of 6.7 Mg ha−1PPL applied in 2010 to 2013 on cotton leaf area, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and yield. Treatments in 2014 and 2015 were no N (control), residual PPL, residual PPL with 84 kg ha−1N (urea ammonium nitrate) at squaring, and 56 and 84 kg ha−1N at planting and squaring, respectively. Treatments in 2016 were control, residual PPL with 56 kg ha−1N, residual PPL with 56 kg ha−1N at planting and squaring, and split application of 112 kg ha−1N. Applying 84 kg ha−1N to residual PPL plots increased (P< 0.05) leaf area index during the boll‐filling period. Across years, N removal did not differ between residual PPL with 84 kg N ha−1and fertilizer N only (112 vs. 116 kg N ha−1), but was considerably less with residual PPL (40 kg N ha−1). Lint yield was greater (P< 0.01) in PPL with fertilizer N than fertilizer N only by 10% in 2014 (1795 vs. 1633 kg ha−1), 5% in 2015 (1898 vs. 1809 kg ha−1), and 20% in 2016 (1860 vs. 1554 kg ha−1), suggesting residual PPL enhanced NUE. Following cessation of PPL, side‐dress N applications of 56 or 84 kg ha−1appeared to meet cotton N requirement and enable optimization of fertilizer use.
Twenty Years of Riparian Zone Research (1997–2017): Where to Next?
Authors: Vidon Philippe G. , Welsh Molly K. , Hassanzadeh Yasaman T.
Published: September 2018

Riparian zones have been used for water quality management with respect to NO3− in subsurface flow and total P (TP), sediments, and pesticides in overland flow for decades. Only recently has the fate and transport of soluble reactive P (SRP), Hg, emerging contaminants, and greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes (N2O, CO2, and CH4) been examined in riparian zones. Overall, riparian zones are efficient at reducing emerging contaminants in subsurface flow and only function as hot spots of methylmercury production in the landscape when dominated by Hg‐rich wet organic soils. However, riparian zones do not provide consistent benefits with respect to SRP removal or GHG emissions. Although most existing riparian models almost exclusively focus on NO3− removal, recent developments in riparian models demonstrate the potential for using easily accessible digital environmental datasets to simulate and scale up riparian functions beyond NO3− removal to include SRP, TP, and GHG dynamics. To further inform integrated watershed management efforts, more research should be conducted on how various practices, including stream restoration, subsurface drainage, two‐stage ditches, beaver dam analogues, denitrification bioreactors and permeable reactive barriers, artificial wetlands, and short‐rotation forestry crops affect riparian water and air quality functions. Riparian zone benefits should be discussed not only with respect to water and air quality, but also in terms of recreation, habitat for wildlife, and other ecosystem services. More research is needed to fully address potential water quality or air quality tradeoffs associated with riparian zone management in a multicontaminant–multiuse landscape context.

Core Ideas

Riparian zones need to be managed in a multicontaminant–multiuse context.

Riparian zones provide no clear benefits with respect to SRP in surface flow or GHGs.

Riparian zones provide benefits for some emerging contaminants.
Optimization of Soil Washing to Reduce the Selenium Levels of Seleniferous Soil from Punjab, Northwestern India
Authors: Wadgaonkar Shrutika L. , Ferraro Alberto , Race Marco , Nancharaiah Yarlagadda V. , Dhillon Karaj S. , Fabbricino Massimiliano , Esposito Giovanni , Lens Piet N. L.
Published: September 2018

Seleniferous soil collected from the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)‐grown agricultural land in Punjab, India, was characterized and the Se concentration in various soil fractions was determined by sequential extraction. The soil had a total Se content of 4.75 (±0.02) mg kg−1, of which 44% was observed in the oxidizable soil fraction. Soil flushing as an in situ technique was performed to simulate the Se migration pattern in case of rainfall or irrigation. Significant migration of Se from the upper layer to the lower layers was observed during water percolation through the soil column at a flow rate of 1 mL min−1, which could be attributed to Se reduction in the lower anoxic layers of the soil column. For ex situ treatment, the soil washing technique was optimized by varying different parameters such as treatment time, temperature, pH, liquid to solid (L:S) ratio, and presence of competing ions and oxidizing agents. Selenium extraction from soil was significantly improved by the presence of oxidizing agents in the washing solution: ∼38% Se was removed from the soil in the presence of 0.5% KMnO4. In contrast, parameters such as treatment time, temperature, pH, L:S ratio, and competing ions did not significantly enhance the Se extraction efficiency. In this research, laboratory‐scale in situ and ex situ treatment techniques for Se removal from soil were studied and optimized. The results provide an insight for large‐scale Se removal and recovery from seleniferous soils.

Core Ideas

Total Se content in the seleniferous soil was 4.75 (±0.02) mg kg−1.

Around 44% Se is present in the oxidizable or “organically associated” fraction in soil.

Selenium migrated to lower layers in the soil column during flushing.

Maximum Se extraction was achieved with oxidizing agents compared with other parameters.
A Field Bioassay of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Phytoextraction from Biosolids in a Seasonally Frozen End‐of‐Life Municipal Lagoon Vegetated with Cattail
Authors: Jeke Nicholson , Zvomuya Francis
Published: September 2018

Managing biosolids from end‐of‐life municipal lagoons is a major challenge for many small communities where landfilling or spreading of biosolids on farmland is restricted. Contaminant removal via phytoextraction may be a viable remediation option for end‐of‐life lagoons in such communities. This study examined the effect of harvest frequency (once or twice per season) on cattail (Typha latifoliaL.) biomass yield and N and P removal under a terrestrial phytoremediation system designed to treat the dewatered secondary cell of a municipal lagoon in Manitoba, Canada. Cattail was harvested once or twice per season from eight vegetation transects, each divided into two plots (2.5 × 2.5 m) to accommodate the two harvest frequencies. Biomass yields were greater for the single harvest (5.7 t ha−1yr−1) than for two harvests per season (4.8 t ha−1yr−1). This was mirrored by N phytoextraction, which was also greater for the single harvest (71 kg ha−1yr−1) than the two‐harvest frequency (58 kg ha−1yr−1). Phosphorus phytoextraction varied with year of harvest and ranged from 8 to 14 kg ha−1yr−1. Cumulative N and P phytoextraction amounts during the 5 yr were 330 kg N ha−1and 57 kg P ha−1. A greater fraction of N (51–91 kg ha−1yr−1) and P (23–40 kg ha−1yr−1) was sequestered in the belowground biomass (11–17 t ha−1yr−1) and therefore was not removed by harvesting. These results show that phytoremediation using cattail is a viable option for managing N and P in end‐life lagoons.

Core Ideas

Seasonally frozen end‐of‐life municipal lagoon was amenable to terrestrial phytoremediation.

We effectively phytoextracted N and P from municipal biosolids.

Cattail biomass yields were greater with one than two annual harvests.

Cumulative N and P phytoextraction was greater with one than two annual harvests.

Greater fractions of N and P were sequestered in the belowground biomass.
Leaf Spectral Reflectance of Maize Seedlings and Its Relationship to Cold Tolerance
Authors: Obeidat Wisam , Avila Luis , Earl Hugh , Lukens Lewis
Published: September 2018

Increasing early‐season cold tolerance of maize (Zea mays L.) has the potential to lengthen its growing season, reduce its environmental impact, and enhance its yields. Cold‐ and warm‐grown plants differ for biomass accumulation and spectral reflectance, the latter caused by differences in leaf chlorophyll content, carotenoid content, or other chemical and morphological attributes. Here, we evaluate genetic leaf spectral reflectance diversity across 38 inbred and 14 hybrid maize genotypes grown in cold and control temperatures. Genotypes varied for spectral reflectance indices correlated with chlorophyll content and for an index correlated with the ratio of leaf carotenoids to chlorophylls. Genotypic differences greatly contributed to spectral reflectance variation across all visible wavelengths, with the greatest genetic variation between 500 and 600 nm and around 700 nm. Cold treatment effects were most significant across the same wavelengths. Spectral indices indicated lower chlorophyll and a higher carotenoid/chlorophyll level in cold‐exposed plants relative to control plants. Genotype × temperature interactions were small relative to genotype effects. Cold tolerance, measured as the ratio of dry matter accumulation in cold‐treated plants relative to control plants, varied among hybrids and inbreds. Correlations of cold tolerance with known spectral reflectance indices, reflectance first derivatives, and novel, normalized spectral indices were mostly low and occurred only in certain germplasm. One reflectance parameter, the reflectance curve slope at 828 nm, was consistently related to genotypic cold tolerance, even when measured on plants that had not been exposed to cold.
Book Review of Design of Technology-Enhanced Learning: Integrating Research and Practice
Authors: Koole Marguerite
Published: September 2018

Book Review of Design of Technology-Enhanced Learning: Integrating Research and Practice
Birdtracks for SU(N)
Authors: Keppeler Stefan
Published: September 2018

I gently introduce the diagrammatic birdtrack notation, first for
vector algebra and then for permutations. After moving on to general
tensors I review some recent results on Hermitian Young operators, gluon
projectors, and multiplet bases for SU(N) color space.
The moderating effect of shareholder features on dividend disbursement: evidence from Indonesia
Authors: Swandari Budiarso Novi , Pontoh Winston
Published: September 2018

The objective of this study is to give an empirical evidence of relationship between features of ownership structures and dividend disbursement in context of bird in the hand and catering theories. The study uses 241 listed firms as the sample, which were drawn from Indonesia Stock Exchange during the period from 2010 to 2015. Under condition that dividend policy is not moderated by ownership features, dividend policy for firms with multi-institutional, single institutional, and state are fit in context of bird in the hand theory and catering theory. Under condition that dividend policy is moderated by ownership features, this study finds that dividend policy for firms with state ownership is not fit both in context of bird in the hand theory and catering theory. Specifically, the study finds that firms with features of: (1) multi-institutional, single individual, and public; (2) multi-institutional, multi-individual, and public; and (3) single institutional, and public are fit with bird in the hand theory. Furthermore, this study finds that catering theory is not fit for firms with basic features of multi-institutional and state ownership, but it is fit for firms with features of single institutional, single individual, and public ownership.
Improving outcomes in the treatment of chronic cervicitis
Authors: Savelyeva I. V. , Polyanskaya I. B. , Galyanskaya E. G. , Shevlyagina L. S. , Shirokova O. V. , Gimp M. V. , Florov A. U. , Nikerina N. I.
Published: September 2018

The aim of the studywas to improve the results of treatment of chronic cervicitis with the help of the drug benzidamine (rose Tantum) solution for douching.

Material and methods –76 patients of reproductive age with chronic cervicitis were included in the study. The criteria for the effectiveness of treatment were the disappearance of clinical symptoms and normalization of laboratory parameters.

Results. Clinical and laboratory efficacy of therapy increased modestly to 86.8%. Insufficient effectiveness or ineffectiveness of the therapy was recorded in 13,2%. The average number of white blood cells was 12 in the field of view, there was an eradication of Gardnerella vaginalis and E. coli. In the whole group, no serious side effects were registered in the assessment of safety and tolerability of the drug.

Conclusion. Therapy with a combined preparation of benzidamine (rose Tantum) with a solution for douching, in the treatment of chronic cervicitis has shown its high efficiency.