bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Examining Traits of Engagement in Solidarity Actions in Romania: An Analysis of Findings from Social Values Studies with a Comparative Emphasis
Authors: Rusu Horațiu , Bejenaru Anca
Published: December 2023

Social solidarity is increasingly under scrutiny in the contemporary world. Modern phenomena such as individualization, globalization, and migration have sparked inquiries into the dynamics and transformations of solidarity. Within this context, our study seeks to address one dimension of solidarity: the actions that embody it. We embark on a two-fold mission. On the one hand, we delve into the characteristics of the people engaging in solidarity actions. On the other hand, we compare results regarding acts of solidarity in Romania across different time frames. Our analysis mainly draws from the data collected through the European Values Survey in 2018. Comparisons are made with results from previous analyses and data from the 2012 World Values Survey. To accomplish these ends, we rely on both descriptive and multivariate analyses. Results suggest that approximately two-thirds of Romanians engage in solidarity actions. The likelihood of involving in solidarity actions is mainly influenced by age, religious behaviour, individualization, membership in associations, and recent volunteering behaviour.
Here or there, who do you trust? Patterns of social trust following the migration experience of Romanians in Spain and France
Authors: Birou Mara
Published: December 2023

This paper links the concept of social trust and that of migration by exploring the interactions and dependencies between Romanian emigrants and returnees and various institutional and social actors. Consequently, the underlying question of the research is: ‘What are the ways in which migration experience is associated with social trust?’. This research discusses how experiences with public agencies in Romania or in the host country determine trust or conversely, induce the feeling of distrust. Common specific elements were taken into account, such as determinants and effects of trust, life experience as immigrants, level of integration, and level of satisfaction or dissatisfaction with public entities, which linked empirically the two concepts. Drawing on a set of interviews with Romanian emigrants and Romanian returnees1, this research tackles the peculiarities of emigrants’ and returnees’ experiences as key factors in identifying the levels of social trust.
Change starts from within: Migration and processes of social and cultural change. A Romanian case
Authors: Baru Florina
Published: December 2023

This paper analyzes Romania’s dynamic migratory process with a focus on the return migration from Norway and the sociocultural changes that it might involve for Romanian migrants and their home societies. The focus on Norway as a case study can bring a valuable, accurate, and deep understanding of Romanian immigration. These indicate that Romanians faced many challenges in their migratory journey in Norway, but that for a source country like Romania, return migration could, in the long term, contribute to its social and cultural changes. This research resulted in three key findings. Firstly, through their migratory experience from Norway, Romanian returnees internalized social remittances, and changed their attitudes, behavior, values, and expectations before disseminating their knowledge in their family -and social environment. Secondly, the prevalence of social remittances might be dependent on the motivation of returnees to transfer their knowledge, ideas, and practices in the scope of contributing to social change. The prevalence of social remittances might also be dependent on the way the societies of origin receive the resources that returnees attempt to transmit and culturally diffuse. Thirdly, Romania, as an emigration society, has had a relaxed attitude towards change. However, repatriated Romanians maintain a confident outlook on the potential of their skills and know-how conferring them influence over certain cultural aspects in the spheres of work and social relationships.
Radical Distinction of the Secular and the Problem of Violence in the Context of Contemporary Culture’s Philosophical Comprehension
Authors: Litova D. S.
Published: December 2023

The theory of secularization has long been at the forefront of the philosophical discourse of the 20th century. The secular perception of social processes could not help but influence their dynamics, the decisions made by people at different levels of social life. What is allowed for a person in the world where religions no longer form the basis of social behavior and the centuries-old foundations of social life are considered canceled? The author seeks to analyze previous attempts to comprehend the problem of violence in modern culture through philosophical theories, which regard radical secularization as one of the key characteristics of modernity. At the same time, the author refers, among other things, to the study of various approaches to the problem of moral relativism, including the perspectives of theistic and atheistic philosophy: on the one hand, represented by Radical Orthodoxy of John Milbank and Alasdair McIntyre; on the other hand, postmodernism (Gilles Deleuze and Jean Baudrillard), post-structuralism (Judith Butler), and Freudo-Marxism (Slavoj Zizek). All the above-mentioned philosophers associate radical secularism with the escalation of violence in society. The study identifies the meeting point of perspectives on the problem of violence in secular society: the absence of collectively shared values rooted in the discursive tradition inevitably generates and maintains moral relativism, the prevalence of which is generally proportional to the growth in the level of violence, including latent violence. The article suggests ways to mitigate the risks of secularization and moral relativism and puts forwards an argument for the importance of tradition and community in shaping moral values. The author also emphasizes the importance of considering the role of religion, particularly Christianity, in addressing this issue.
Evaluation of Medication Error Incident Reports at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Tawhari Mousa , Mahlawi Abdulmajeed , Althrwi Sawsan , Noshily Mohammed , Tawhari Mohammed , Bakri Hanan
Published: December 2023

Background: Whether an adverse drug event (ADE) occurred or not, medication errors (MEs) are thought to be a barrier that prevents patients from administering the right dose of treatments at the proper time at any point in the process of taking treatments. It was found that medication errors caused about 7,000 patient deaths, and these errors accounted for 30% of all issues in hospitals. This study aimed at assessing the incidents of medication errors at a tertiary care center of King Fahd Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from January 2015 to December 2015 of patients\' residents at a bed tertiary care hospital. The hospital\'s medication safety reporting program was used by healthcare professionals to report many types of safety incidents, including MEs. Data were analyzed using SPSS, version 20. A P value < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The study included 491 patients; their ages ranged between < 20 to >60 years old, and 53.2% were females. The most identified drug-related problems (DRPs) were single (73.1%), and 12.2% of DRPs were multiple. The most common DRP types were improper dosage (38.9%) and wrong frequency (35.3%), followed by wrong drug (9.3%) or omission error (8.8%). The gender of patients was the only significant factor associated with medication error incidence. The type of DRP was the significant factor affecting the multiplicity of DRP.
Conclusion: The present study demonstrated a high prevalence of drug-related problems in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. More training and knowledge in prescribing and administering drugs should be provided to healthcare professionals.
Hybrid Revascularization of Infrarenal Aortic Occlusion due to Thrombophilia: A Case Report
Authors: Alofisan Yazeed , Warburton Thomas , Alhumaid Ahmed , Katib Nedal , Thomas Shannon
Published: December 2023

Background: Infrarenal abdominal aortic occlusive disease has traditionally been treated with aortic endarterectomy, aortobifemoral bypass grafting, or both; however, it has also been associated with up to a 3.3% to 4.6% perioperative mortality rate and an 8.3% to 13.1% major early complication rate. European Guidelines on Peripheral Artery Diseases published in 2017 support a hybrid approach. Thrombophilia is a commonly overlooked cause of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in younger patients. Thrombophilia is reported to lead to an increased incidence of graft failure and multiple revascularization procedures. This presented a rare case highlighting the surgical approach to complex aortoiliac occlusion due to thrombophilia with subsequent lower limb ischemia and the multi-disciplinary input needed in this vulnerable patient cohort.
Case presentation: Herein, we present a case of an acute distal aortic occlusion and failed revascularization with a history of thrombophilia and previous left leg below-knee-amputation (BKA) due to acute limb ischemia. He had a background of recently withholding warfarin for a ureteric stent insertion for renal calculus. The diagnosis of our case depended on CT and angiography, where they confirmed an occluded infrarenal aorta with bilaterally occluded common and external iliac arteries. Our case underwent hybrid revascularisation under bivalirudin cover. An open thrombectomy of the right common femoral artery (CFA) and PFA was performed. A left brachial artery cutdown was performed, and a catheter was placed in the suprarenal abdominal aorta. The right iliac artery occlusion was crossed from the left brachial access with a Command 0.018 wire supported by a Van Schie II catheter with a through-and-through wire able to be retrieved from the open right CFA. The proximal IMA was stented with a 6 x 80mm Absolute Pro-self-expanding stent, deployed in a kissing-stent fashion with a 10 x 100mm Absolute Pro stent in the distal aorta. Overlapping self-expanding stents were deployed from the distal aorta to the right external iliac. Six weeks after the procedures, computed tomography/angiography confirmed the excellent radiologic results.
Conclusion: This rare case highlights the catastrophic outcomes that can happen when anticoagulation is withheld in thrombophilic patients. It exhibits the Role of a hybrid open and endovascular approach in complex occlusive aortoiliac disease and the critical importance of early multi-disciplinary involvement in critically unwell patients.
Worldwide Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea among pediatrics: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Alkhalifah Khalid , Alsalhi Shahad , Alrashed Amal , Almagushi Sarah , Alharbi Mayar , Almutairi Abdulwahab , Alghanim Salman , Alkharraz Ayman , Alnasser Albatul , Alradhi Mohammed
Published: December 2023

Our objective was to ascertain the global prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in the pediatric population. We conducted a comprehensive and methodical search and assessment of published papers regarding the occurrence of obstructive sleep apnea in pediatric populations. We have selected reliable databases for biological literature, such as PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, as well as local resources. For this search, we utilized terms such as \"Obstructive Sleep Apnea,\" \"Sleep Apnea,\" and \"Sleep apnea prevalence\" in different combinations. We have discovered a total of 76 studies that are relevant to our research. However, only 11 of these studies have met the criteria required for analysis. The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea was estimated to be 3.5% (95% CI 3.3%-3.7%) based on pooled data. However, the occurrence of obstructive sleep apnea differed in each study. Statistical heterogeneity was observed with a high degree of certainty (I2=0.99; P
Parceria público-privada
Authors: Ribeiro João Eduardo , Rosa Evandro Pedro
Published: December 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em analisar, por meio de indicadores financeiros e da Demostração de Fluxo de Caixa (DFC), o projeto de PPP do Complexo Penitenciário Penal de Ribeirão das Neves, confrontando os valores projetados pela empresa com os reais, no período de 2011 a 2019. A análise de performance econômica financeira contou com índices de liquidez, estrutura patrimonial, rentabilidade, EVA e Fluxo de caixa, efetivamente obtidos pela concessionária, os quais possibilitaram perceber que nos anos inicias da empresa houve alta demanda por financiamento e que as receitas operacionais começaram somente a partir de 2013, com entrega de dois dos complexos prisionais, características de projeto Greenfield. No que concerne a comparação dos índices efetivamente obtidos com os índices projetados, verifica-se um distanciamento e em alguns casos, mudanças de estratégias, tais como a substituição de algumas fontes de recursos de terceiros por capital próprio, impactando diretamente no retorno do investimento.
A Gestão do Design no contexto do vestuário inclusivo
Authors: De Melo Fabiana Maffezzolli , Gonçalves de Figueiredo Luiz Fernando
Published: December 2023

O presente artigo busca fazer um apanhado das principais marcas nacionais de vestuário inclusivo e quais produtos elas oferecem ao mercado. Buscou-se referência teórica em alguns conceitos da Gestão do Design para dar o devido embasamento a este estudo.  Neste sentido, foi feita uma análise das cinco principais marcas da área, são elas:  Reserva, Equal, Aria, Lado B e AdaptWear. Foram analisados aspectos como tipo de produto, gênero, tamanhos disponíveis, e preço. A metodologia se deu através de uma abordagem qualitativa, onde foram pesquisados os tipos de produtos vendidos nos sites dessas marcas. Posteriormente foi selecionado um produto de cada marca para uma análise de funcionalidade das peças vendidas. O resultado da análise serviu para reconhecer que tipos de produtos de vestuário para pessoas com deficiências são produzidos pelas marcas brasileiras. Concluiu-se que estas atendem ao que se propõe, enquanto criadoras de produtos de vestuário inclusivo, vendendo peças de roupas funcionais para os mais diversos tipos de PCDs.
VULVOVAJİNAL KANDİDİYAZİSLİ HASTALARDAN İZOLE EDİLEN CANDİDA TÜRLERİNDEKİ INT, HWP, PLB, SAP VE ALS GENLERİNİN MOLEKÜLER TESPİTİ
Authors: TOKAK Semih , KILIÇ İbrahim Halil , GÜLBAHÇE MUTLU Elif , BEYAZYÜZ Fadime , ERİÇ HORASANLI Jule , ESENKAYA TAŞBENT Fatma
Published: December 2023

Amaç: Vulvovajinal kandidiyazis, kadınların yaklaşık %75’inde yaşamları boyunca en az bir kez görülen yüzeysel mantar enfeksiyonudur. Bazı genler, Candida türlerinin vajina mukozasına ve epitel hücrelerine yapışmasında ve patogenezinde rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, vulvovajinal kandidiyazisli hastalardan izole edilen Candida suşlarındaki HWP1 (hifal duvar proteini), ALS1 (agglutinin benzeri sekans), SAP1 (sekrete aspartil proteaz), PLB1 (fosfolipaz B), INT1 (integrin A) genlerinin sıklığının araştırılmasıdır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya moleküler teknik kullanılarak tanımlanan 100 vajinal Candida izolatı dahil edildi. İzole edilen tüm Candida suşlarında, enfeksiyon da önemli rol oynayan INT1, HWP1, PLB1, SAP1 ve ALS1 genlerinin varlığı PCR yöntemi kullanılarak araştırıldı.

Bulgular: SAP1, INT1 ve HWP1 virülans genleri Candida suşları arasında en yaygın, PLB geni en az tespit edilen gen olmuştur. Candida albicans suşlarında SAP1 (%93.0) geni en çok saptanan virülans geni olurken, bunu HWP1 geni (%86) takip etmiştir. Benzer şekilde non-albicans Candida türlerinde saptanan virülans genleri arasında SAP1 geni (%86) en fazla saptanan virülans geni olmuştur. Farklı Candida türlerinin %95’inde VVK’ya neden olabilecek en az iki virülans faktörü tanımlanmıştır.

Sonuç: Bu çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlar, vulvovajinal kandidiyazis enfeksiyonu sırasında eksprese edilen INT, HWP, PLB, SAP ve ALS genlerinin, Candida suşlarının vajinaya adezyonuna ve biyofilm oluşumuna katkıda bulunmuş olabileceğini düşündürmektedir.
AN OBESE CHILD PATIENT DIAGNOSED WITH CELIAC DISEASE
Authors: BEŞİROĞLU ÇETİN Fatma , İSSİ IRLAYICI Fatma , GÜVEN Burcu , ÇAKIR Murat
Published: December 2023

Celiac disease is a systemic autoimmune disease that frequently presents with clinical manifestations such as malnutrition, abdominal distension and diarrhea in childhood. With the increase in the incidence of celiac disease in recent years, differences in findings in patients at the time of diagnosis have been observed. While classical symptoms are common in younger age groups, differences in symptoms are more commonly observed in the adolescent age group. These findings often include abdominal pain, treatment-resistant iron deficiency anemia, elevated transaminase levels and diarrhea. Celiac disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis, even when malnutrition is not evident in such patients. In this case report, we present a case of an obese patient diagnosed with celiac disease, who experienced intermittent abdominal pain.
AN ANALYSIS OF INJURIES DUE TO TRACTOR ACCIDENTS: A TEN YEAR RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: KASAR Orhan , COMERTPAY Ertan , ILHAN Bugra , EROĞLU Oğuz , DENİZ Turgut
Published: December 2023

Objective: Although tractors are highly inadequate in terms of safety equipment compared to other vehicles, they are still frequently employed for agricultural activities and even human transportation. This study investigated patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) due to tractor accidents.

Material and Methods: Tractor accidents occurring over a ten year period were examined retrospectively. Victims’ demographic data, the cause of the accident, trauma scores (Glasgow Coma Score, Injury Severity Score, Revised Trauma Score and Pediatric Trauma Score), injury localizations, imaging results, and clinical outcomes were recorded.

Results: One hundred sixty-five patients were included. Their mean age was 46.48±23.24 years, 82.4% were men, and 41.8% were tractor drivers. The most frequent cause of accidents was “falling from the tractor”. The thorax was the most frequently injured anatomical region. Rates of head and thoracic injury were significantly higher in drivers compared to passengers (p=0.005 and p=0.039, respectively). The post-accident exitus rate was 3.6%. The incidence of abdominal and pelvic injuries was significantly higher in the exitus group than in the survivors (p=0.018 and p=0.015, respectively). Glasgow Coma Score and Revised Trauma Score levels were significantly lower in the exitus group than in the survivors (p
THE EVALUATION OF THE KNOWLEDGE AND OPINIONS OF FACULTY OF MEDICINE TERM VI STUDENTS ON NOTIFIABLE DISEASES AND RELEVANT PRACTICES BASED ON THEIR PUBLIC HEALTH INTERNSHIP STATUS
Authors: DAYMAZ Didem , KURTULUŞ Necibe , GÜNEŞ Çağla , AKSOY Talha Akif , BATIR Gaye Nur , YAZICI Mehmet Semih , İMAN Zeynep Nesibe , AL Muhammed Musab , ÖZTÜRK HAKTANIYAN Zekiye Nur , ŞAHİN Ayça Naz , YAĞMUR Ünal , AKARSLAN Elif , TAŞKIRAN Metehan , KOLTUK İsmail , GÜNAY İbrahim , SAYGUN Meral
Published: December 2023

Objective: The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the knowledge and opinions of pre-physicians, term VI students in the 2021-2022 academic year, who participated and did not participate in a public health internship program appertaining to the notifiable diseases process.

Material and Methods: The participants of this study consisted of term VI students from 126 faculty of medicine. We used a data collection form, consisting of 25 questions in total, to assess the knowledge of term VI students on their sociodemographic characteristics, their educational background, and internship process, in addition to their opinions on the notifiable diseases. Considering knowledge questions, correct answers were worth one point each, while the other answers were worth zero points and evaluated over the total score. The data were collected through observation method of data collection.

Results: 48.7% of the 115 participants had completed their public health internship program A statistically significant difference was found between public health internship and having knowledge and being skilled in the notifiable diseases (p
TAURİN TEDAVİSİNİN DENEYSEL MİYOZİT OLUŞTURULMUŞ RATLAR ÜZERİNDEKİ YARARLI ETKİLERİ
Authors: TORLAK-KOCA Nadide , ÖZÜDOĞRU ÇELİK Tuğba
Published: December 2023

Amaç: Taurin iskelet kasında bol miktarda bulunan bir amino asittir. Hücre zarının korunması, anti-inflamatuar ve anti- apoptotik etkiler dahil olmak üzere sitoprotektif özelliklere sahiptir. Bildiğimiz kadarıyla, bu çalışma, taurinin asetik asit ile deneysel olarak oluşturulan miyozitteki kas hasarı ve inflamasyonu azaltmadaki faydalı etkilerini araştırmak amacıyla ilk kez yapılmıştır.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 20 haftalık 24 adet Wistar albino türü sıçan dahil edildi. Sıçanlar kontrol grubu (n=8), %1 asetik asit (miyozit) grubu (n=8) ve miyozit + taurin 500 mg/kg/gün grubu (n=8) olmak üzere üç gruba ayrıldı. Miyozit indüksiyonu için %1 asetik asit kullanıldı. Taurin tedavisi 15 gün süreyle yapıldı ve ratlar sakrifiye edildi. Gastroknemius kası histopatolojik ve immünohistokimyasal olarak değerlendirildi. Elde edilen sonuçlar istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırıldı.

Bulgular: Gruplar arasında konjesyon, dejenerasyon, nekroz, inflamasyon ve dezorganizasyon açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark vardı (p
IMMUNE RESISTANCE VIA A PD-1/PD-L1 MECHANISM IN GLIOBLASTOMA
Authors:   Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, V.S. KUSHNIROVA , S.S. SKLYAR ,   Polenov Russian Neurosurgical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation,   St. Petersburg Institute of Nuclear Physics named after B.P. Konstantinov, National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, K.A. SAMOCHERNYKH ,   Polenov Russian Neurosurgical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, A.P. TRASHKOV ,   St. Petersburg Institute of Nuclear Physics named after B.P. Konstantinov, National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, B.I. SAFAROV ,   Polenov Russian Neurosurgical Institute, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: December 2023

Immunotherapy is a treatment option that is becoming more common for different types of cancer. The idea behind this therapy is to modify the patient's immune system. One type of this therapy involves blocking the binding between PD-1 and PD-L1. By doing so, it enables increased antitumor immune activity. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown significant efficacy with high response rates and long-term remission in various types of cancer. Glioblastoma (GBM) is a recurrent tumor characterized by immune evasion mechanisms that resist modern immunotherapy. The literature review analyzed the mechanism of tumor resistance to immune response, specifically PD-1 and PD-L1 expression in GBM. The review presented several clinical studies that showed the results of using immune checkpoint inhibitors in GBM patients. Additionally, the review described other mechanisms of tumor resistance to the activated immune system. All sources were selected using specialized scientific retrieval systems and full-text databases such as Google Scholar, eLIBRARY, PubMed, and Elsevier. Keywords: Glioblastoma, immunotherapy, immune modulation, immune checkpoint inhibitors, PD-1, PD-L1.
EXPERIMENTAL PERICARDITIS
Authors:   Irkutsk Scientific Center for Surgery and Traumatology, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, E.A. LOZOVSKAYA , N.N. DREMINA ,   Irkutsk Scientific Center for Surgery and Traumatology, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, S.B. NIKIFOROV ,   Irkutsk Scientific Center for Surgery and Traumatology, Irkutsk, Russian Federation, I.A. SHURYGINA ,   Irkutsk Scientific Center for Surgery and Traumatology, Irkutsk, Russian Federation
Published: December 2023

The article discusses a pressing issue in cardiac surgery – the development of cicatricial adhesions and complications that arise from adhesive pericarditis, which can transform into a more severe condition known as constrictive pericarditis. The article also delves into the challenges of performing repeated cardiac surgery, the factors that trigger the adhesive process in the pericardium, and the etiopathogenetic mechanisms of fibrogenesis. These mechanisms involve the participation of active immune cells and the release of proinflammatory cytokines. Specifically, the article examines the features involved in the development of constrictive pericarditis, focusing on the cellular and molecular aspects of pericardial remodeling. It also evaluates the surgical and therapeutic measures currently used to prevent complications after cardiac surgery. Using original biological test systems involving experimental animals is advocated for a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying adhesive pericarditis after cardiac surgery and the development of effective prevention strategies. A range of experimental models of adhesions caused by pericarditis during open-heart surgery in mice is presented in this paper. The models include talc-induced pericarditis in mice, pigs, dogs, and rabbits, induced through the intrapericardial injection of Zymosan A, a known activator of the nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat and pyrin-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Furthermore, the paper also covers mechanical methods of activation of pericarditis. These experimental models will help researchers explore the potential of new anti-adhesion drug molecules, which can be used in cardiac surgery. Keywords: Cardiac surgery, constrictive pericarditis, mechanisms of fibrogenesis, prevention of pericarditis, experimental models of pericarditis
PREMATURE SEPARATION OF THE NORMALLY IMPLANTED PLACENTA
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, Z.D. SALIMOVA , M.F. DODKHOEVA ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan, D.A. SAYDALIEVA ,   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology № 1, Avicenna Tajik State Medical University, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan
Published: December 2023

This paper provides a literature review on premature separation of the normally implanted placenta (PSNIP), also known as placental abruption or abruptio placentae, a severe pregnancy and childbirth complication. Acute placental abruption is an obstetric complication that causes massive internal bleeding, leading to intrauterine fetal death. The bleeding can also contribute to multiple organ failure, which is responsible for the high rates of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with this obstetric complication. Researching various aspects of complications and preventing the occurrence of PSNIP is of great medical and social significance. PubMed and Google Scholar electronic databases were used to analyze placental abruption studies, resulting in over 3,000 sources. After considering keywords, 60 sources were selected and included in the study.Keywords: Placenta, premature separation of the normally implanted placenta, risk factors, pregnancy, preeclampsia, maternal mortality, DIC, Couvelaire uterus.
CURRENT VIEWS ON THE PATHOGENESIS AND EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF ACTINIC KERATOSIS
Authors:   Fergana Medical Institute of Public Health, Fergana, Republic of Uzbekistan, A.A. SYDIKOV , G.B. PYAGAY ,   Tashkent State Dental Institute, Tashkent, Republic of Uzbekistan, O.G. PYAGAY ,   Dermatology and Venereology Dispensary № 9, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: December 2023

The article provides an overview of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of actinic keratosis (AK) and its clinical differentiation from cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The authors present varying perspectives on the prognosis of the disease's development and its pathogenetic link to SCC, highlighting the significance of early diagnosis of the malignant transformation. Researchers suggest several markers, such as p16, p53, and p63, to identify the malignant transition in its early stages. The authors support their hypothesis by offering that mutations in genes that express these proteins directly impact the progression of the disease. Another group of authors, recognizing the significant role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of AK, suggest determining the level of various cytokines, emphasizing the essential role of UV radiation in triggering the entire pathogenetic cascade of AK development. Meanwhile, most authors acknowledge that various proteins act as early immunohistochemical (IHC) markers of an unfavorable disease prognosis. They describe the pathogenetic mechanisms of the effect of markers such as p16, p53, p63, and Bcl-2. Research is underway to identify new markers, such as claudin and T-cadherin. In August 2023, a search was conducted on the PubMed Clinical Queries database using keywords such as "actinic keratosis", "pathogenesis of actinic keratosis", and "progression of actinic keratosis to squamous cell carcinoma" to look for early markers of malignancy. The search strategy included clinical trials, observational studies, case reports, and literature reviews published in the last decade. However, sources without peer review, such as educational and methodological guidelines, recommendations, and conference proceedings, were excluded. The information obtained through this search was used to compile this article, and promising directions for the search for early malignancy markers were identified. Keywords: Actinic keratosis, pathogenesis, clinical forms, early diagnostic markers, progression, squamous cell carcinoma, precancerous skin diseases.
HALLUX VALGUS: LICKS AT THE ANKLE JOINTS, BUT BITES AT THE HIP JOINTS?
Authors:   Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan, Russian Federation, L.A. UDOCHKINA , YU.V. KHLEBNIKOV ,   Astrakhan State Medical University, Astrakhan, Russian Federation, O.I. VORONTSOVA ,   Astrakhan State University named after V.N. Tatishchev, Astrakhan, Russian Federation, M. KAPITONOVA ,   Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Malaysia
Published: December 2023

Objective: To present the coverage in the literature of recent years of the problem of the influence of foot pathology (Hallux Valgus, HV) on the condition of the proximal and distal joints of the lower limb (LL) in a comparative aspect Methods: Literature searches were carried out in the Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus databases as of September 1, 2023 using the keywords “hallux valgus”, “bunion”, “hip joint”, “knee joint”, “ankle joint”. The inclusion criterion was the availability of full-text articles in English. Exclusion criteria included reviews, case reports, and abstracts. Results: Along with the previously described changes in the spatiotemporal parameters of gait, kinematics of the ankle joint (AJ) with HV, recently there have been studies regarding its influence on the kinematics of the proximal segment of the knee joint, including those contributing to the development of osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee joint (KJ). At the same time, disturbances in the kinematics of the hip joint (HJ) in HV, leading to the development of pathomorphological changes in it, remain unexplored. Conclusion: HV is a common disease of the musculoskeletal system, significantly worsening the quality of life of patients and often leading to disability. While the effect of HV on foot kinematics and the joint axis has been described in some detail, its effect on the hip joint remains poorly understood. Surgical treatment does not lead to a significant improvement in the kinematics of the lower limb and pelvis, but, on the contrary, can lead to its negative dynamics not only in the operated, but also in the contralateral LL, which dictates the need to conduct research to identify clinically significant kinematic parameters of gait and proximal joints of the LL for HV and optimization of existing treatment approaches. Keywords: Hallux valgus, hip joint, ankle joint, joint biomechanics, motion capture system.
Ekstirpasi Polip Plika Vokalis Dekstra dengan Laser Dioda
Authors: Putra Dian Pratama , Nukman Novialdi
Published: December 2023

Pendahuluan: Polip plika vokalis merupakan suatu lesi jinak, sering terjadi karena penyalahgunaan suara yang berakibat trauma pada plika vokalis. Disfonia merupakan gejala utama kelainan ini. Penatalaksanaan polip plika vokalis dengan terapi konservatif dan tindakan pembedahan. Pada polip plika vokalis yang berukuran besar, tindakan pembedahan menjadi terapi pilihan. Tindakan pembedahan menggunakan laser dioda menjadi pilihan dalam terapi polip plika vokalis, dengan kekurangan dan kelebihannya jika dibandingkan dengan instrumen lainnya. Laporan kasus: Dilaporkan satu kasus polip plika vokalis kanan pada seorang laki-laki usia 62 tahun dengan keluhan utama suara serak. Suara serak pada pasien membaik setelah dilakukan ekstirpasi polip plika vokalis dekstra dengan laser dioda. Kesimpulan: Polip plika vokalis memberikan gejala disfonia. Penyalahgunaan suara dan faktor iritan seperti merokok merupakan penyebab polip plika vokalis. Tindakan ekstirpasi polip plika vokalis dekstra dengan laser dioda memberikan hasil yang memuaskan terhadap keluhan suara pasien.

Kata kunci: polip plika vokalis, laser dioda, disfonia, penyalahgunaan suara

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Vocal cord polyp is a benign lesion, often occurs due to voice abuse resulting in phonotrauma. Dysphonia is the main symptom of this disorder. Management of vocal cord polyps with conservative therapy and surgery. In large vocal cord polyps, surgery is the treatment of choice. Surgery using a diode laser is an option in the therapy of vocal cord polyps, with its advantages and disadvantages when compared to other instruments. Case report: Reported one case of right vocal cord polyp in a 62-year-old man with chief complaint of hoarseness. Hoarseness in the patient improved after surgical therapy with diode laser. Conclusion: Vocal cord polyps will give symptoms of dysphonia. Voice abuse and irritants such as smoking are the causes of vocal cord polyps. Surgery using a diode laser provides satisfactory results for the patient's voice complaints

Keywords: vocal cord polyps, diode laser, dysphonia, voice abuse
Management of Bilateral Sudden Deafness
Authors: Wulandari Yunita , Munilson Jacky
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Sudden deafness or sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is defined as sensorineural hearing loss of more than 30 dB at three consecutive frequencies within 3 days of onset, often unilateral, and only 0,4-3,4 % of patients with bilateral of sudden deafness. The definite cause of sudden deafness is only found in 10-15% cases and most of the cause was unkown (idiophatic). The management of systemic corticosteroid injection is the first choice in the treatment of SSNHL and can be combined with corticosteroid intratympanic injection. One case reported, A 33-year-old male patient with diagnosis of bilateral sudden deafness which is performed systemic corticosteroids and combined with dexamethasone injection intratympanic with the good result. Keywords: Sudden deafness, sensorineural hearing loss, intratympanic injection

 

ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan: Tuli mendadak didefinisikan sebagai kehilangan pendengaran sensorineural yang lebih dari 30 dB pada 3 frekuensi berturut-turut dalam onset 3 hari, sering unilateral, hanya sekitar 0,4-3,4% dari pasien yang mengalami tuli mendadak bilateral. Penyebab pasti tuli mendadak hanya ditemukan pada 10–15% kasus, sebagian besar penyebabnya tidak diketahui (idiopatik). Tatalaksana injeksi kortikosteroid sistemik menjadi pilihan utama pada tatalaksana tuli mendadak dan dapat dikombinasikan dengan kortikosteroid injeksi intratimpani. Dilaporkan satu kasus pasien laki-laki, 33 tahun yang didiagnosis dengan tuli mendadak bilateral yang dilakukan terapi kortikosteroid sistemik dan dikombinasikan dengan injeksi deksametason intratimpani dengan hasil yang baik. Kata Kunci: Tuli mendadak, tuli sensorineural, injeksi intratimpani
Rinitis Alergi pada Anak
Authors: Julianda Wahyu
Published: December 2023

Pendahuluan: Rinitis alergi merupakan reaksi inflamasi dari mukosa hidung yang diperantai oleh Imunoglobulin E yang ditandai dengan sumbatan hidung, rhinorrhea  dan atau mata gatal dan atau bersin. Kompleksitas dan variabilitas rinitis sangat terlihat pada masa anak, dimana pada saat ini terjadi pematangan anatomis, fisiologis dan imunologis yang menghasilkan pola klinis yang sulit untuk dikaji dan juga dikelola. Tujuan: Memberikan pengetahuan mengenai diagnosis dan penatalaksanaan penyakit rinitis alergi pada anak sehingga dapat ditangani dengan tepat dan akurat. Tinjauan Pustaka:  Prevalensi rinitis pada anak usia prasekolah 0-6 tahun bervariasi. Genetika  memainkan peran penting sekitar 20% hingga 30% dari populasi umum dan 10% hingga 15% anak-anak mengalami atopik. Perkembangan penyakit atopik pada anak mengikuti pola atopic march, dimulai dari dermatitis atopik pada saat bayi, kemudian diikuti oleh alergi makanan, rinitis alergi dan asma. Kerjasama yang optimal antara pasien, pengasuh dan tenaga medis yang profesional dapat membantu memaksimalkan respons terhadap pengobatan rinitis alergi pada anak Kesimpulan: Rinitis alergi pada anak lebih bersifat intermiten dan memiliki lebih sedikit gejala tetapi lebih banyak komorbiditas dibandingkan dewasa. Keadaan RA tidak hanya menurunkan kualitas hidup dan kualitas  belajar, tetapi juga meningkatkan risiko beberapa kondisi seperti asma, rinosinusitis dan otitis media efusi. Penatalaksanaan farmakoterapi rinitis alergi dapat menggunakan antihistamin generasi kedua, intranasal kortikosteroid, dekongestan nasal spray, mast stabilizer, irigasi nasal saline dan imunoterapi yang disesuaikan menurut usia dan berat badan.
Kata kunci: rinitis alergi pada anak, atopic march, imunoglobulin e
Penatalaksanaan Adenoma Pleomorfik Septum Nasal
Authors: Danuwirya Muhammad Reko , Rahman Sukri , Asri Aswiyanti
Published: December 2023

Pendahuluan: Tumor kelenjar liur minor pada sinonasal relatif jarang, dilaporkan hanya 4% sampai 8% dari semua tumor sinonasal. Adenoma Pleomorfik adalah tumor jinak campuran yang terdiri dari komponen sel epitel, mioepitel dan mesenkim yang tersusun dalam beberapa variasi komponen. Diagnosis tumor ini dapat ditegakkan dengan anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, pemeriksaan penunjang dan pemeriksaan histopatologi. Penatalaksanaan kasus adenoma pleomorfik adalah dengan eksisi per endoskopi serta perlu dilakukan follow up untuk mendeteksi kekambuhan dan kemungkinan transformasi menjadi keganasan. Laporan kasus: Dilaporkan seorang pasien perempuan umur 46 tahun dengan hidung tersumbat sebelah kiri sejak 2 bulan sebelum masuk rumah sakit. Pada pasien ini dilakukan eksisi per endoskopi dan diikuti dengan pemeriksaan histopatologi sebagai penatalaksanaan dan konfirmasi diagnosis. Kesimpulan: Tumor jinak di kavum nasal dapat berupa adenoma pleomorfik. Penatalaksanaan eksisi per endoskopi pada adenoma pleomorfik kavum nasal yang berasal dari septum memberikan hasil yang memuaskan.
Gambaran Perluasan Karsinoma Nasofaring Stadium Lanjut Berdasarkan CT Scan di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang periode 2019-2020
Authors: Arrahman Salsabilah , Rahman Sukri , Handayani Tuti
Published: December 2023

Karsinoma nasofaring merupakan salah satu keganasan dengan prevalensi terbanyak yang terjadi di Indonesia. Pasien dengan karsinoma nasofaring seringkali datang sudah dalam keadaan stadium lanjut (T3/T4), hal ini disebabkan karena gejala dan tanda keganasan ini pada stadium awal sangat sulit dideteksi. Penyakit ini dapat didiagnosis melalui anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, dan pemeriksaan penunjang. Pemeriksaan penunjang berupa pemeriksaan radiologi dibutuhkan untuk menentukan staging. Pemeriksaan radiologi yang umum dilakukan pada kasus ini adalah dengan pemeriksaan CT scan nasofaring. Berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan tersebut, didapatkan informasi tentang keberadaan tumor dan daerah perluasan tumor yang masing-masing perluasannya memiliki prognosis yang berbeda. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan penelitian mengenai gambaran perluasan karsinoma nasofaring stadium lanjut berdasarkan CT scan di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan desain kuantitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode total sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menganalisis hasil CT scan pada rekam medis pasien. Hasil penelitian didapatkan distribusi perluasan karsinoma nasofaring ke jaringan sekitar terbanyak pada stadium T3 adalah infiltrasi ke sinus paranasal sfenoid (28,6%) dan distribusi perluasan karsinoma nasofaring ke jaringan sekitar terbanyak pada stadium T4 adalah ekstensi ke intrakranial (83,8%).
Ototoksisitas akibat Penggunaan Cisplatin dan Pendekatan Otoprotektif untuk Pencegahannya
Authors: Saputra Rizki , Rosalinda Rossy , Rahman Sukri , Aliska Gestina
Published: December 2023

Latar Belakang: Peningkatan secara statistik angka harapan hidup pasien kanker setelah diterapi membuat pemantauan efek samping jangka panjang kemoterapi sangat dibutuhkan. Cisplatin menjadi agen kemoterapi pilihan pada kanker kepala dan leher karna sifatnya yang sangat poten. Bertentangan dengan manfaat terapiutik tersebut, pemakaian cisplatin memiliki potensi masalah ototksik yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan pendengaran. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui dan memahami mekanisme ototoksisitas akibat penggunaan cisplatin dan upaya otoprotektif. Tinjauan Pustaka: Sebagai agen kemoterapi, cisplatin memiliki beberapa efek samping salah satunya bersifat ototoksik. Mekanisme ototoksik akibat cisplatin dihubungkan dengan pembentukan radikal bebas yang menyebabkan apoptosis pada sel rambut luar koklea dan jaringan penunjang di organ Corti. Pasien yang menerima pengobatan cisplatin harus dilakukan evaluasi fungsi pendengaran secara berkala. Sampai saat ini belum ada obat-obatan yang menjadi pilihan utama dalam upaya preventif ototoksik akibat cisplatin. Penggunaan obat golongan seperti N-asetilsistein, sodium tiosulfat, vitamin E, amifostin membuka harapan untuk pengembangan terapi preventif ototoksik. Kesimpulan: Efek samping ototoksik yang ditimbulkan merupakan salah satu masalah yang harus ditatalaksana. Monitoring pendengaran dibutuhkan untuk mendeteksi pemasalahan ini. Beberapa agen otoprotektif seperti antioksidan dan kortikosteroid dapat menjadi pilihan tatalaksana dalam upaya preventif. Pemberian agen otoprotektif secara sistemik dan intratimpani memiliki kelebihan dan kekurangan dalam penggunaannya.

Kata kunci: ototoksik, cisplatin, preventif, intratimpani
Pola Bakteri Berdasarkan Hasil Kultur dan Sensitivitas Antibiotik pada Penderita Abses Leher Dalam di Bagian THT-KL RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Periode 2019-2021
Authors: Salim Aurelia Agantha , Lestari Yuniar , Asyari Ade , Suharti Netti , Ilmiawati Cimi
Published: December 2023

Latar Belakang : Penyakit abses leher dalam merupakan perluasan peradangan dari berbagai sumber infeksi yang membentuk suatu pus di dalam ruang potensial leher dalam. Infeksi pada ruang potensial leher dalam dapat disebabkan oleh bakteri aerob, bakteri anaerob, maupun multibakterial. Terapi antibiotik empiris diberikan sebelum hasil kultur dan uji sensitivitas antibiotik didapatkan. Tatalaksana pemberian antibiotik yang tidak tepat dapat menyebabkan terjadinya resistensi antibiotik. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola bakteri berdasarkan hasil kultur dan sensitivitas antibiotik pada penderita abses leher dalam di Bagian THT-KL RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang periode 2019-2021. Metode : Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif retrospektif dengan teknik total sampling dan menggunakan data sekunder. Sampel penelitian adalah pasien abses leher dalam yang terdapat hasil kultur dan uji sensitivitas antibiotik di Bagian THT-KL RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang periode 2019-2021 dengan total 77 pasien. Hasil : Hasil pada penelitian ini menunjukkan usia terbanyak ialah usia pertengahan (>44-59 tahun) (37,7%), jenis kelamin terbanyak ialah laki-laki (74%), lama perawatan terbanyak ialah < 7 hari (44,2%). Jenis abses leher dalam terbanyak ialah abses submandibula (42,9%), etiologi paling banyak ialah infeksi odontogenik (71,4%), terapi antibiotik empiris yang paling banyak digunakan ialah kombinasi ceftriaxone dan metronidazole (68,8%), hasil kultur terbanyak ialah bakteri Klebsiella pneumonia (18,2%), antibiotik dengan angka sensitif tertinggi ialah antibiotik amikacin (89,7%) dan meropenem (82,4%), dan angka resisten tertinggi ialah antibiotik amoxicillin (100%) dan ampicillin (93,3%). Kesimpulan : pola bakteri berdasarkan hasil kultur ialah Klebsiella pneumoniae dan uji sensitivitas antibiotik didapatkan gentamicin dengan kombinasi metronidazole yang dapat digunakan sebagai antibiotik empiris pada penderita abses leher dalam.
Analisis Nilai Peak Nasal Inspiratory Flow pada Kejadian Rinitis Alergi
Authors: Faathira Ken Rabbani , Asyari Ade , Afdal Afdal
Published: December 2023

Latar Belakang: Gejala hidung tersumbat sering merupakan gejala yang dominan pada rinitis alergi. Peak Nasal Inspiratory Flow (PNIF) adalah alat yang sangat bermanfaat untuk mengukur sumbatan hidung pada rinitis alergi karena terkait erat dengan tanda-tanda rinitis alergi berdasarkan pemeriksaan klinis dan berkorelasi baik dengan derajat keparahan rinitis alergi dan memiliki kelebihan yang sederhana, murah, nyaman, dan cepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan nilai PNIF antara orang dengan rinitis alergi dan non-rinitis alergi. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik komparatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional. Skrining rinitis alergi menggunakan kuesioner Score For Allergic  Rhinitis (SFAR) kemudian dilakukan anamnesis, nasoendoskopi, dan pengukuran PNIF di poliklinik THT BKL RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Populasi adalah seluruh mahasiswa Program Studi Kedokteran Universitas Andalas yang mengidap rinitis alergi dan non-rinitis alergi dengan total sampel sebanyak 36 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan convenience sampling. Hasil: Hasil penelitian didapatkan median nilai PNIF pada kejadian rinitis alergi sebesar 100 (50-120) L/m. Rata-rata nilai PNIF pada kejadian non-rinitis alergi sebesar 130,56 ± 24,36 L/m (Maks = 190 L/m, Min = 90 L/m). Dari hasil uji statistik Mann-Whitney didapatkan analisis beda nilai PNIF pada kejadian rinitis alergi dan non-rinitis alergi dengan nilai p < 0,001. Kesimpulan: Kesimpulannya terdapat perbedaan nilai PNIF yang signifikan antara kejadian rinitis alergi dan non-rinitis alergi.
Programa de Vivienda Gratuita, un tránsito de la vivienda residencial a la vivienda productiva, Llano Verde, Cali
Authors: Mendoza Hernández Diana Carolina
Published: December 2023

El Programa de Vivienda Gratuita (PVG) se crea en Colombia durante el primer periodo presidencial de Juan Manuel Santos (2010 - 2014), con el propósito de otorgar vivienda 100% subsidiada a familias en extrema pobreza, entre ellas, víctimas del conflicto armado y de desastres naturales. Lo cual facilitó que muchas familias que vivían en zonas rurales y en asentamientos informales pudieran acceder a casa propia en la zona urbana. En este contexto, la investigación indaga sobre los procesos de adaptación y apropiación que se presentan en un proyecto de vivienda urbana que beneficia a una población que en su mayoría ejercen prácticas de vida rural y llegan a habitar una vivienda netamente residencial. La metodología de carácter cualitativo se aplicó en el barrio Llano Verde de la ciudad de Cali por medio de observación participante, entrevistas semiestructuradas y metodologías móviles. Los hallazgos y conclusiones evidencian la trasformación del territorio por parte de los habitantes a partir de su historia y necesidades latentes hacia una vivienda productiva.