bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tourist-to-Tourist Interaction at Festivals: A Grounded Theory Approach
Authors: Sun Huan , Wu Shaofeng , Li Yanning , Dai Guangquan
Published: July 2019

Although neglected in previous studies, tourist-to-tourist interaction (TTI) is a core part of festival experience. It is widely acknowledged that interactions between tourists significantly influence behavioral reactions such as desire to stay, satisfaction, and loyalty, which are important for tourism destination marketing. This study used grounded theory to obtain insights into onsite interactions between tourists and to propose a conceptual model of TTI on the Midi Music Festival in China. The model constitutes the types, drivers, and influence of TTI. Compared with mutual assistance and conflict, entertainment interaction plays an essential role in the overall evaluation of the festival experience. Individual characteristics are the internal drivers of interactions between tourists. Environmental elements including the festivalscape and social festivalscape are influential exogenous factors. Additionally, spatial locations of tourists at the venue play mediating roles between the driving elements and TTI. Since entertainment incidents construct the essential part of onsite interactions at festivals, managers can shape the atmosphere to encourage tourists to engage in interactive entertainment with others tourists. This should improve participants’ overall evaluations of the festival experience as well as the sustainable development of destinations where festivals are held.
Urban Vitality Area Identification and Pattern Analysis from the Perspective of Time and Space Fusion
Authors: Liu Shaojun , Zhang Ling , Long Yi
Published: July 2019

Urban vitality provides an important basis for evaluating urban development and spatial balance. In the era of big data, the quantitative analysis of urban vitality has become a research hotspot in the field of urban sustainability and planning research. However, time variation characteristics are often neglected, which leads to one-sidedness in the pattern analysis of urban vitality. In this paper, a method for extracting vitality areas and integrating spatiotemporal features clustering is proposed. The method is used to divide urban space into multiple vitality areas scientifically. The spatial and temporal distribution patterns of urban vitality areas are found, and the driving factors of various vitality patterns are analyzed by combining points of interest (POI)-based land use characteristics. To illustrate this method, this paper takes Nanjing city as an example. One week’s worth of mobile phone data indicated that Nanjing has 10 and 8 vitality areas on weekdays and weekends, respectively. The spatial and temporal distribution patterns of the vitality areas and their correlation with land use were analyzed, which proved that POI density and entropy have strong correlations with urban vitality.
The Right to Landscape: Social Sustainability and the Conservation of the State Theatre, Hong Kong
Authors: Lau Leung Kwok Prudence , Chow Pak Yin Ophios
Published: July 2019

This study analyses research gaps and identifies potential new research topics concerning the adoption of social sustainability values when conserving historic buildings, with a focus on the State Theatre (the Theatre) in Hong Kong. Despite becoming a Grade 1 historic building in March 2017, the Theatre has since faced an uphill battle, sustained only through public participation and widespread pressure on heritage authorities. In the process, problems with local heritage policy and the bureaucratic procedures of technocratic administrative bodies have been brought to light. Based on in-depth interviews with members of the local community, stakeholders, non-governmental organisations and heritage consultants, and using government policies and media reports, this study unveils and analyses issues related to the conservation of the Theatre using a humanised anthropological approach. The results highlight the need for a more socially sustainable future for cultural capital by integrating the notion of the cultural landscape with heritage conservation in Hong Kong.
Principal Component Analysis of the LEADER Approach (2007–2013) in South Western Europe (Extremadura and Alentejo)
Authors: Nieto Masot Ana , Cárdenas Alonso Gema , Costa Moreno Luis Manuel
Published: July 2019

Since the end of the last century, the Rural Development Policy and the associated Rural Development Aid have been implemented (according to the LEADER Approach) in European rural areas as a model of endogenous, integrated, and innovative development. Its objective is to reduce the differences of development in these areas. The objective of this paper is to analyze statistically (using Principal Component Analysis) the investments and projects carried out during the period of 2007–2013 in the regions of Extremadura and Alentejo. These two border regions have many territorial similarities but also historical, cultural, and political differences. These variations may contribute to a different implementation of the LEADER Approach. As determined by the results from the statistical analysis of economic aids and demographic variables, it is evident that there are differences in the management of the Rural Development Aid in both territories but resemblances in the results.
Vineyards and Wineries in Alba County, Romania towards Sustainable Business Development
Authors: Coroș Monica Maria , Pop Ana Monica , Popa Andrada Ioana
Published: July 2019

Starting from a definition of wine tourism, put in the context of sustainable development, a multifaceted research study was elaborated, aimed at establishing if, and how, wine businesses in Alba County, Romania, can develop on a sustainable path. A mix of desk research, qualitative, and quantitative methods and tools were blended together in this research. An investigation of the wineries’ financial situations and online presence was further completed by the interviews with entrepreneurs, local public administration representatives, and residents in order to establish that business development on the wine-route is highly desired and would eventually enjoy the appreciation of both locals and tourists. Instead of conclusions, a framework for the sustainable development of Alba’s wineries is sketched, focusing on those elements that motivate international and also Romanian wine tourists to visit this destination, and emphasizing the need for the establishment of a destination management organization (DMO) capable of managing the interests of all stakeholders under the conditions of sustainable development. Measures to be adopted by winemakers are also provided and a list of ancillary services to be considered is also suggested.
Advancing towards a Transformational Professional Competence Model through Reflective Learning and Sustainability: The Case of Mathematics Teacher Education
Authors: Alsina Ángel , Mulà Ingrid
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study was to begin to characterize the elements of teacher educators’ professional practice that promote the transformation of prior knowledge, experiences, and system beliefs into professional competence, based on reflective learning and education for sustainability. To obtain data, 30 class sessions of a mathematics education teacher were analyzed. Five elements of the lecturer’s practice were identified: (1) presents real action; (2) uncovers students’ values and preconceptions and considers them; (3) systematizes them and contrasts them with the ‘ideal’; (4) helps to understand the perspective offered by mathematical and sustainability concepts; (5) helps students develop the new perspective acquired through grounded and reasoned action plans. A key conclusion of the study is that it is prior knowledge, experiences, and beliefs which are transformed if the two agents involved in the learning process (pre-service teachers and university lecturers) are synchronized.
Conceptualising Tourism Sustainability and Operationalising Its Assessment: Evidence from a Mediterranean Community of Projects
Authors: Niavis Spyros , Papatheochari Theodora , Psycharis Yannis , Rodriguez Josep , Font Xavier , Martinez Codina Anna
Published: July 2019

Sustainable tourism development is considered an essential challenge for improving resource management in coastal and maritime areas. In this context, various initiatives have been developed for facilitating the assessment and monitoring of tourism sustainability. Nevertheless, the perception of sustainability varies across different tourism stakeholders, since they approach tourism development under different perspectives while the issue of data availability has been a great barrier in measuring sustainability. The present paper examines the perceptions of sustainability observed over a Community of projects with the common aim of enhancing coastal and maritime tourism sustainability at the Mediterranean. Based on surveys, the Community of projects conceptualizes sustainability, reveals their own strategies in operationalizing sustainability assessment and evaluates the usefulness and the main gaps of various sustainability assessment toolkits. The findings of the study signify that tourism sustainability is a broad concept allowing for different interpretations. The assessment of sustainability seems to be affected by the perception and weight attributed to the economic, social, environmental, and governance pillar of sustainability by each project. Finally, the applicability of international assessment toolkits could be questioned as these do not reflect the objectives of the projects and tailored made approaches are considered as essential for operationalizing sustainability assessments.
Pre-Disaster Retrofit Decisions for Sustainable Transportation Systems in Urban Areas
Authors: Zhou Yingliang , Jiang Qiwei , Qin Jin
Published: July 2019

A transportation system is an important material base for implementing timely rescue and emergency evacuation after disasters in urban areas. In order to reduce disaster risks and develop sustainable transportation systems, it is important to improve their resilience and ensure their reliability. This paper mainly studies pre-disaster retrofit decisions for sustainable transportation systems in urban areas. As the optimization goal, pre-disaster retrofit costs and post-disaster restoration costs under constraints of post-disaster system connectivity, travel time reliability, and post-disaster link capacity are taken into account to construct a bi-level stochastic programming model. A method based on the simulated annealing algorithm and Frank–Wolfe algorithm is used to solve the problem. The case study shows that the calculation is quick, and the result is reasonable. The study result proves that the method proposed in this paper can provide an effective solution to such problems.
Symmetry Breaking in Self-Assembled Nanoassemblies
Authors: Sang Yutao , Liu Minghua
Published: July 2019

The origin of biological homochirality, e.g., life selects the L-amino acids and D-sugar as molecular component, still remains a big mystery. It is suggested that mirror symmetry breaking plays an important role. Recent researches show that symmetry breaking can also occur at a supramolecular level, where the non-covalent bond was crucial. In these systems, equal or unequal amount of the enantiomeric nanoassemblies could be formed from achiral molecules. In this paper, we presented a brief overview regarding the symmetry breaking from dispersed system to gels, solids, and at interfaces. Then we discuss the rational manipulation of supramolecular chirality on how to induce and control the homochirality in the self-assembly system. Those physical control methods, such as Viedma ripening, hydrodynamic macro- and micro-vortex, superchiral light, and the combination of these technologies, are specifically discussed. It is hoped that the symmetry breaking at a supramolecular level could provide useful insights into the understanding of natural homochirality and further designing as well as controlling of functional chiral materials.
New Chaotic Systems with Two Closed Curve Equilibrium Passing the Same Point: Chaotic Behavior, Bifurcations, and Synchronization
Authors: Zhu Xinhe , Du Wei-Shih
Published: July 2019

In this work, we introduce a chaotic system with infinitely many equilibrium points laying on two closed curves passing the same point. The proposed system belongs to a class of systems with hidden attractors. The dynamical properties of the new system were investigated by means of phase portraits, equilibrium points, Poincaré section, bifurcation diagram, Kaplan–Yorke dimension, and Maximal Lyapunov exponents. The anti-synchronization of systems was obtained using the active control. This study broadens the current knowledge of systems with infinite equilibria.
Some Applications of the (G′/G,1/G)-Expansion Method for Finding Exact Traveling Wave Solutions of Nonlinear Fractional Evolution Equations
Authors: Sirisubtawee Sekson , Koonprasert Sanoe , Sungnul Surattana
Published: July 2019

In this paper, the ( G ′ / G , 1 / G ) -expansion method is applied to acquire some new, exact solutions of certain interesting, nonlinear, fractional-order partial differential equations arising in mathematical physics. The considered equations comprise the time-fractional, (2+1)-dimensional extended quantum Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation, and the space-time-fractional generalized Hirota-Satsuma coupled Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) system in the sense of the conformable fractional derivative. Applying traveling wave transformations to the equations, we obtain the corresponding ordinary differential equations in which each of them provides a system of nonlinear algebraic equations when the method is used. As a result, many analytical exact solutions obtained of these equations are expressed in terms of hyperbolic function solutions, trigonometric function solutions, and rational function solutions. The graphical representations of some obtained solutions are demonstrated to better understand their physical features, including bell-shaped solitary wave solutions, singular soliton solutions, solitary wave solutions of kink type, and so on. The method is very efficient, powerful, and reliable for solving the proposed equations and other nonlinear fractional partial differential equations with the aid of a symbolic software package.
Quaternions and Functional Calculus
Authors: Ghamari Elham , Kučerovský Dan
Published: July 2019

In this paper, we develop the notion of generalized characters and a corresponding Gelfand theory for quaternionic C * -algebras. These are C*-algebras whose structure permits an action of the quaternions. Applications are made to functional calculus, and we develop an S-functional calculus related to what we term structural regular functions.
Ergochromes: Heretofore Neglected Side of Ergot Toxicity
Authors: Flieger Miroslav , Stodůlková Eva , Wyka Stephen A. , Černý Jan , Grobárová Valéria , Píchová Kamila , Novák Petr , Man Petr , Kuzma Marek , Cvak Ladislav , Broders Kirk D. , Kolařík Miroslav
Published: July 2019

Ergot, fungal genus Claviceps, are worldwide distributed grass pathogens known for their production of toxic ergot alkaloids (EAs) and the great agricultural impact they have on both cereal crop and farm animal production. EAs are traditionally considered as the only factor responsible for ergot toxicity. Using broad sampling covering 13 ergot species infecting wild or agricultural grasses (including cereals) across Europe, USA, New Zealand, and South Africa we showed that the content of ergochrome pigments were comparable to the content of EAs in sclerotia. While secalonic acids A–C (SAs), the main ergot ergochromes (ECs), are well known toxins, our study is the first to address the question about their contribution to overall ergot toxicity. Based on our and published data, the importance of SAs in acute intoxication seems to be negligible, but the effect of chronic exposure needs to be evaluated. Nevertheless, they have biological activities at doses corresponding to quantities found in natural conditions. Our study highlights the need for a re-evaluation of ergot toxicity mechanisms and further studies of SAs’ impact on livestock production and food safety.
Determination of Deoxynivalenol Biomarkers in Italian Urine Samples
Authors: De Santis Barbara , Debegnach Francesca , Miano Brunella , Moretti Giorgio , Sonego Elisa , Chiaretti Antonio , Buonsenso Danilo , Brera Carlo
Published: July 2019

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin mainly produced by Fusarium graminearum that can contaminate cereals and cereal-based foodstuff. Urinary DON levels can be used as biomarker for exposure assessment purposes. This study assessed urinary DON concentrations in Italian volunteers recruited by age group, namely children, adolescents, adults, and the elderly. In addition, vulnerable groups, namely vegetarians and pregnant women, were included in the study. To determine the urinary DON, its glucuronide and de-epoxydated (DOM-1) forms, an indirect analytical approach was used, measuring free DON and total DON (as sum of free and glucuronides forms), before and after enzymatic treatment, respectively. Morning urine samples were collected on two consecutive days, from six different population groups, namely children, adolescent, adults, elderly, vegetarians and pregnant women. Total DON was measured in the 76% of the collected samples with the maximum incidences in children and adolescent age group. Urine samples from children and adolescent also showed the highest total DON levels, up to 17.0 ng/mgcreat. Pregnant women had the lowest positive samples per category (40% for day 1 and 43% for day 2, respectively), low mean levels of total DON (down to 2.84 ng/mgcreat) and median equal to 0 ng/mgcreat. Estimation of DON dietary intake reveals that 7.5% of the total population exceeds the TDI of 1 μg/kg bw/day set for DON, with children showing 40% of individuals surpassing this value (male, day 2).
A Probable Fatal Case of Oleander (Nerium oleander) Poisoning on a Cattle Farm: A New Method of Detection and Quantification of the Oleandrin Toxin in Rumen
Authors: Rubini Silva , Rossi Sabina Strano , Mestria Serena , Odoardi Sara , Chendi Sara , Poli Andrea , Merialdi Giuseppe , Andreoli Giuseppina , Frisoni Paolo , Gaudio Rosa Maria , Baldisserotto Anna , Buso Piergiacomo , Manfredini Stefano , Govoni Guido , Barbieri Stefania , Centelleghe Cinzia , Corazzola Giorgia , Mazzariol Sandro , Locatelli Carlo Alessandro
Published: July 2019

Oleander (Nerium oleander) is an ornamental plant common in tropical and sub-tropical regions that is becoming increasingly widespread, even in temperate regions. Oleander poisoning may occur in animals and humans. The main active components contained in the plant are cardiac glycosides belonging to the class of cardenolides that are toxic to many species, from human to insects. This work describes a case of oleander poisoning that occurred on a small cattle farm and resulted in the fatality of all six resident animals. Furthermore, the investigation of the poisonous agent is described, with particular focus on the characterization of the oleandrin toxin that was recovered from the forage and rumen contents. The innovation of this study is the first description of the detection and quantification of the oleandrin toxin by liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) in rumen.
Characterization of Cyanophages in Lake Erie: Interaction Mechanisms and Structural Damage of Toxic Cyanobacteria
Authors: Jiang Xuewen , Ha Chanhee , Lee Seungjun , Kwon Jinha , Cho Hanna , Gorham Tyler , Lee Jiyoung
Published: July 2019

Cyanophages are abundant in aquatic environments and play a critical role in bloom dynamics, including regulation of cyanobacteria growth and photosynthesis. In this study, cyanophages from western Lake Erie water samples were screened for lytic activity against the host cell (Microcystis aeruginosa), which also originated from Lake Erie, and identified with real-time sequencing (Nanopore sequencing). M. aeruginosa was mixed with the cyanophages and their dynamic interactions were examined over two weeks using atomic force microscopy (AFM) as well as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), qPCR, phycocyanin and chlorophyll-a production, and optical absorbance measurements. The TEM images revealed a short-tailed virus (Podoviridae) in 300 nm size with unique capsid, knob-like proteins. The psbA gene and one knob-like protein gene, gp58, were identified by PCR. The AFM showed a reduction of mechanical stiffness in the host cell membranes over time after infection, before structural damage became visible. Significant inhibition of the host growth and photosynthesis was observed from the measurements of phycocyanin and chlorophyll-a concentrations. The results provide an insight into cyanobacteria–cyanophage interactions in bloom dynamics and a potential application of cyanophages for bloom control in specific situations.
Comparison of Two Commercial ELISA Kits for the Detection of Anti-Dengue IgM for Routine Dengue Diagnosis in Laos
Authors: Lu Yixiao , Sengvilaipaseuth Onanong , Chanthongthip Anisone , Phonemixay Ooyanong , Vongsouvath Manivanh , Phouminh Phonelavanh , Blacksell Stuart D. , Newton Paul N. , Dubot-Pérès Audrey
Published: July 2019

The endemicity of Dengue virus (DENV) infection remains a major public health problem in Lao PDR. In this study, we compared two commercial anti-dengue IgM ELISA kits, Panbio® Dengue IgM Capture ELISA (Panbio Kit, Alere, Waltham, MA, USA) and DEN DetectTM MAC-ELISA (InBios kit, InBios International, Inc., Seattle, WA, USA), in the context of diagnosis of patients admitted to hospital with clinical dengue presentation. Two panels of paired blood samples were tested. Panel A was composed of 54 dengue confirmed patients (by DENV real-time RT-PCR) and 11 non-dengue dengue patients (other infections confirmed by corresponding PCR results). Panel B included 74 patients randomly selected from consecutive patients admitted to Mahosot Hospital in 2008 with suspicion of dengue fever according to WHO criteria. Results from panel A showed significantly better sensitivity for Panbio kit (64.8%; 95%CI: 50.6–77.3%) than for InBios kit (18.5%; 95%CI: 9.3–31.4%) when testing admission sera. Sensitivity was increased for both kits when combining results from admission and convalescent sera. Concordant results were obtained from panel B with fair agreement (κ = 0.29) between both kits when testing single admission samples, and moderate agreement (κ = 0.5) when combining results from admission and convalescent sera.
Recombinant Chimeric Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus (TGEV)—Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV) Virus Provides Protection against Virulent PEDV
Authors: Pascual-Iglesias Alejandro , Sanchez Carlos M. , Penzes Zoltan , Sola Isabel , Enjuanes Luis , Zuñiga Sonia
Published: July 2019

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is an enteric coronavirus causing high morbidity and mortality in porcine herds worldwide. Although both inactivated and live attenuated vaccines have been extensively used, the emergence of highly virulent strains and the recurrent outbreaks even in vaccinated farms highlight the need of effective vaccines. Engineering of genetically defined live attenuated vaccines is a rational approach for novel vaccine development. In this line, we engineered an attenuated virus based on the transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) genome, expressing a chimeric spike protein from a virulent United States (US) PEDV strain. This virus (rTGEV-RS-SPEDV) was attenuated in highly-sensitive five-day-old piglets, as infected animals did not lose weight and none of them died. In addition, the virus caused very minor tissue damage compared with a virulent virus. The rTGEV-RS-SPEDV vaccine candidate was also attenuated in three-week-old animals that were used to evaluate the protection conferred by this virus, compared with the protection induced by infection with a virulent PEDV US strain (PEDV-NVSL). The rTGEV-RS-SPEDV virus protected against challenge with a virulent PEDV strain, reducing challenge virus titers in jejunum and leading to undetectable challenge virus RNA levels in feces. The rTGEV-RS-SPEDV virus induced a humoral immune response specific for PEDV, including neutralizing antibodies. Altogether, the data indicated that rTGEV-RS-SPEDV is a promising vaccine candidate against virulent PEDV infection.
Hepatitis C Virus as a Unique Human Model Disease to Define Differences in the Transcriptional Landscape of T Cells in Acute versus Chronic Infection
Authors: Wolski David , Lauer Georg M.
Published: July 2019

The hepatitis C virus is unique among chronic viral infections in that an acute outcome with complete viral elimination is observed in a minority of infected patients. This unique feature allows direct comparison of successful immune responses with those that fail in the setting of the same human infection. Here we review how this scenario can be used to achieve better understanding of transcriptional regulation of T-cell differentiation. Specifically, we discuss results from a study comparing transcriptional profiles of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-specific CD8 T-cells during early HCV infection between patients that do and do not control and eliminate HCV. Identification of early gene expression differences in key T-cell differentiation molecules as well as clearly distinct transcriptional networks related to cell metabolism and nucleosomal regulation reveal novel insights into the development of exhausted and memory T-cells. With additional transcriptional studies of HCV-specific CD4 and CD8 T-cells in different stages of infection currently underway, we expect HCV infection to become a valuable model disease to study human immunity to viruses.
Two Novel Negative-Sense RNA Viruses Infecting Grapevine Are Members of a Newly Proposed Genus within the Family Phenuiviridae
Authors: Diaz-Lara Alfredo , Navarro Beatriz , Di Serio Francesco , Stevens Kristian , Hwang Min Sook , Kohl Joshua , Vu Sandra Thuy , Falk Bryce W. , Golino Deborah , Al Rwahnih Maher
Published: July 2019

Two novel negative-stranded (ns)RNA viruses were identified by high throughput sequencing in grapevine. The genomes of both viruses, named grapevine Muscat rose virus (GMRV) and grapevine Garan dmak virus (GGDV), comprise three segments with each containing a unique gene. Based on sequence identity and presence of typical domains/motifs, the proteins encoded by the two viruses were predicted to be: RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), nucleocapsid protein (NP), and putative movement protein (MP). These proteins showed the highest identities with orthologs in the recently discovered apple rubbery wood viruses 1 and 2, members of a tentative genus (Rubodvirus) within the family Phenuiviridae. The three segments of GMRV and GGDV share almost identical sequences at their 5′ and 3′ termini, which are also complementary to each other and may form a panhandle structure. Phylogenetics based on RdRp, NP and MP placed GMRV and GGDV in the same cluster with rubodviruses. Grapevine collections were screened for the presence of both novel viruses via RT-PCR, identifying infected plants. GMRV and GGDV were successfully graft-transmitted, thus, they are the first nsRNA viruses identified and transmitted in grapevine. Lastly, different evolutionary scenarios of nsRNA viruses are discussed.
Characterization of Biomarker Levels in Crimean–Congo Hemorrhagic Fever and Hantavirus Fever with Renal Syndrome
Authors: Korva Miša , Resman Rus Katarina , Pavletič Miša , Saksida Ana , Knap Nataša , Jelovšek Mateja , Strašek Smrdel Katja , Jakupi Xhevat , Humolli Isme , Dedushaj Jusuf , Petrovec Miroslav , Avšič-Županc Tatjana
Published: July 2019

Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) are important viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHF), especially in the Balkan region. Infections with Dobrava or Puumala orthohantavirus and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever orthonairovirus can vary from a mild, nonspecific febrile illness, to a severe disease with a fatal outcome. The pathogenesis of both diseases is poorly understood, but it has been suggested that a host’s immune mechanism might influence the pathogenesis of the diseases and survival. The aim of our study is to characterize cytokine response in patients with VHF in association with the disease progression and viral load. Forty soluble mediators of the immune response, coagulation, and endothelial dysfunction were measured in acute serum samples in 100 HFRS patients and 70 CCHF patients. HFRS and CCHF patients had significantly increased levels of IL-6, IL-12p70, IP-10, INF-γ, TNF-α, GM-CSF, MCP-3, and MIP-1b in comparison to the control group. Interestingly, HFRS patients had higher concentrations of serum MIP-1α, MIP-1β, which promote activation of macrophages and NK cells. HFRS patients had increased concentrations of IFN-γ and TNF-α, while CCHF patients had significantly higher concentrations of IFN-α and IL-8. In both, CCHF and HFRS patients’ viral load significantly correlated with IP-10. Patients with fatal outcome had significantly elevated concentrations of IL-6, IFN-α2 and MIP-1α, while GRO-α, chemokine related to activation of neutrophils and basophils, was downregulated. Our study provided a comprehensive characterization of biomarkers released in the acute stages of CCHF and HFRS.
Transient Temperature Distributions on Lithium-Ion Polymer SLI Battery
Authors: Liu Yiqun , Liao Y. Gene , Lai Ming-Chia
Published: July 2019

Lithium-ion polymer batteries currently are the most popular vehicle onboard electric energy storage systems ranging from the 12 V/24 V starting, lighting, and ignition (SLI) battery to the high-voltage traction battery pack in hybrid and electric vehicles. The operating temperature has a significant impact on the performance, safety, and cycle lifetime of lithium-ion batteries. It is essential to quantify the heat generation and temperature distribution of a battery cell, module, and pack during different operating conditions. In this paper, the transient temperature distributions across a battery module consisting of four series-connected lithium-ion polymer battery cells are measured under various charging and discharging currents. A battery thermal model, correlated with the experimental data, is built in the module-level in the ANSYS/Fluent platform. This validated module thermal model is then extended to a pack thermal model which contains four parallel-connected modules. The temperature distributions on the battery pack model are simulated under 40 A, 60 A, and 80 A constant discharge currents. An air-cool thermal management system is integrated with the battery pack model to ensure the operating temperature and temperature gradient within the optimal range. This paper could provide thermal management design guideline for the lithium-ion polymer battery pack.
Intelligent Storage Location Allocation with Multiple Objectives for Flood Control Materials
Authors: Wang Wei , Yang Jing , Huang Li , Proverbs David , Wei Jianbin
Published: July 2019

Intelligent storage is an important element of intelligent logistics and a key development trend in modern warehousing and logistics. Based on the characteristics of flood control materials and their intelligent storage, this study established a flood control material storage location allocation model reflecting the multiple objectives of retrieval efficiency and shelf stability and used a weighting method to transform a multi-objective optimization problem into a single-objective optimization problem. We then used the facilities and equipment planning and storage location allocation in the intelligent storage area for provincial flood control materials at the Zhenjiang warehouse of the Jiangsu water conservancy and flood control material reserve center as a case study. Empirical analysis was performed and used the genetic algorithm and Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB) software to optimize the storage location allocation of provincial flood prevention supplies at this warehouse, and it achieved effective results.
Impact of the Biological Cotreatment of the Kalina Pond Leachate on Laboratory Sequencing Batch Reactor Operation and Activated Sludge Quality
Authors: Michalska Justyna , Greń Izabela , Żur Joanna , Wasilkowski Daniel , Mrozik Agnieszka
Published: July 2019

Hauling landfill leachate to offsite urban wastewater treatment plants is a way to achieve pollutant removal. However, the implementation of biological methods for the treatment of landfill leachate can be extremely challenging. This study aims to investigate the effect of blending wastewater with 3.5% and 5.5% of the industrial leachate from the Kalina pond (KPL) on the performance of sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and capacity of activated sludge microorganisms. The results showed that the removal efficiency of the chemical oxygen demand declined in the contaminated SBR from 100% to 69% and, subsequently, to 41% after the cotreatment with 3.5% and 5.5% of the pollutant. In parallel, the activities of the dehydrogenases and nonspecific esterases declined by 58% and 39%, and 79% and 81% after 32 days of the exposure of the SBR to 3.5% and 5.5% of the leachate, respectively. Furthermore, the presence of the KPL in the sewage affected the sludge microorganisms through a reduction in their functional capacity as well as a decrease in the percentages of the marker fatty acids for different microbial groups. A multifactorial analysis of the parameters relevant for the wastewater treatment process confirmed unambiguously the negative impact of the leachate on the operation, activity, and structure of the activated sludge.
Modelling of Sediment Exchange between Suspended-Load and Bed Material in the Middle and Lower Yellow River, China
Authors: Zhao Lianjun , Jiang Enhui , Chen Dong , Zhang Wenjiao
Published: July 2019

The focus of this paper is on studying novel approaches to estimate sediment exchange between suspended-load and bed material in an unsteady sediment-laden flow with fine-grained sand. The erosion-deposition characteristics of the channel have close relation with the variation of size compositions of both suspended-load and bed material. These aims are addressed by deducing the sediment exchange equations from the mass conservation perspective and establishing a river-sediment mathematical model based on the theory. The model is applied in the middle and lower Yellow River, China, and calibrated and verified under both deposition and erosion conditions using a generalized channel and a large quantity of measured data in the Yellow River basin. The results indicate that the grading curves of suspended-load and bed material calculated by the mathematical model are close to those of the measured data. The temporal and spatial variations in the mean sizes of suspended-load and bed material, flow rate, sediment concentration and erosion or deposition volume estimates during the entire flood process can be accurately predicted. The model performance is considered acceptable for determining the sediment exchange process and the change in channel morphology for unsteady sediment-laden flow.
Effect of Species Invasion on Transport of Solutes at Different Levels of Soft Sediment Macrofauna Diversity: Results from an Experimental Approach
Authors: Daunys Darius , Forster Stefan , Schiedek Doris , Olenin Sergej , Zettler Michael L.
Published: July 2019

Different irrigation or ventilation strategies by macrofauna may provide a competitive advantage to tolerant species invading impacted benthic systems and alter benthic-pelagic coupling. To comparatively analyze the effects of an exotic and a native polychaete burrower on sediment-water exchanges, two laboratory experiments were performed. In the first experiment, the invasive spionid polychaete Marenzelleria neglecta was added to defaunated sediments and fluxes of the inert tracer (bromide, Br−) were measured to quantify the effects of irrigation by the worm on the tracer transport. In the second experiment, M. neglecta or the native polychaete Hediste diversicolor were introduced to a relatively diverse Baltic soft-bottom macrofauna community. The effect of species on fluxes of reactive solutes (ammonium, NH4+, and phosphate, PO43−) and transport rates of Br− was estimated. The results indicate different invasion effects depending on the characteristics of the recipient habitat. In defaunated sediments, a single specimen of M. neglecta significantly enhanced originally low solute exchange rates. Total tracer flux was significantly enhanced over diffusive flux by a factor of 1.6 ± 0.14 (n = 3). In natural sediments, on the other hand, the addition of either M. neglecta or H. diversicolor had no statistically significant effects on benthic fluxes. Tracer flux estimates between control and treatment incubations differed by less than 10% on average, and both reactive solutes tended to increase by 10 to 40% after additions. One specimen of M. neglecta in cores with defaunated sediment generated approximately 20% of the tracer flux produced by the relatively diverse macrofauna community. Estimated net tracer fluxes in two experiments corresponded well with the number of adult polychaetes found in sediments (r2 = 0.73, p = 0.005, n = 12). The invasive M. neglecta produced a small effect on fluxes in biodiverse sediments, comparable to those of H. diversicolor, but it may deeply alter porewater chemistry in azoic sediment. As M. neglecta tolerates chemically reduced and sulphidic conditions, its bioirigation may favor sediment reoxidation and ultimately the recolonization by less tolerant, native species.
New Compound Open Channel Section with Polynomial Sides: Improving Cost and Aesthetics
Authors: Easa Said M. , Han Yan-Cheng
Published: July 2019

Previous research on compound trapezoidal cross sections has mainly focused on improving the prediction of the discharge (flow rate) because of its inherent challenges. This paper focuses on two other important aspects: Section shape and optimal construction cost. First, the paper proposes a new compound section with third-degree polynomial sides of main channel with horizontal bottom (HB) that allows its top corners to be smooth, called herein compound polynomial section. The special cases of this versatile section include the simple polynomial section, polygonal section, trapezoidal-rectangular section, two-segment linear-side section, and parabolic bottom-trapezoidal section. The simple polynomial section, which is the bank-full part of the compound polynomial section, can further produce parabolic (with or without HB), trapezoidal, rectangular, and triangular sections. Second, an optimization model that minimizes construction cost (excavation and lining) of the compound (or simple) polynomial section is developed. The model includes discharge and physical constraints. Theoretical and empirical methods of discharge prediction were used in the model. The results show that the simple polynomial section was more economical than the popular parabolic section by up to 8.6% when the side slopes were restricted. The new polynomial-based sections not only reduced construction cost, but also improved maintenance and aesthetics. As such, the new sections should be of interest to researchers and practitioners in hydraulic engineering.
Wastewater Treatment and Water Reuse in Spain. Current Situation and Perspectives
Authors: Jodar-Abellan Antonio , López-Ortiz María Inmaculada , Melgarejo-Moreno Joaquín
Published: July 2019

The issues of wastewater treatment and the reuse of water are of great importance, especially in areas where the shortage of conventional resources is a structural problem, as it is in the case of Spain. Wastewater reuse is a valid mechanism to avoid problems derived from droughts and water scarcity. It allows access to water resources in areas with water restrictions and to prevent futures scenarios, due to it being expected that water consumption will double by 2050 over the world. Thus, the likelihood that this unconventional, strategic resource would become scarce is unquestionable, particularly in cases where water planning and exploitation systems prioritize the preservation, protection, and improvement of water quality, as well as the sustainable and efficient use of natural resources. This paper shows how wastewater treatment and reuse are linked, as the reuse of wastewater is associated with a previous regeneration, and both of them are essential tools for maximizing environmental outcomes, as called for in the European Union Directives.
Investigation on Farmland Abandonment of Terraced Slopes Using Multitemporal Data Sources Comparison and Its Implication on Hydro-Geomorphological Processes
Authors: Pepe Giacomo , Mandarino Andrea , Raso Emanuele , Scarpellini Patrizio , Brandolini Pierluigi , Cevasco Andrea
Published: July 2019

This paper presents a quantitative multi-temporal analysis performed in a GIS environment and based on different spatial information sources. The research is aimed at investigating the land use transformations that occurred in a small coastal terraced basin of Eastern Liguria from the early 1950s to 2011. The degree of abandonment of cultivated terraced slopes together with its influence on the distribution, abundance, and magnitude of rainfall-induced shallow landslides were accurately analysed. The analysis showed that a large portion of terraced area (77.4%) has been abandoned over approximately sixty years. This land use transformation has played a crucial role in influencing the hydro-geomorphological processes triggered by a very intense rainstorm that occurred in 2011. The outcomes of the analysis revealed that terraces abandoned for a short time showed the highest landslide susceptibility and that slope failures affecting cultivated zones were characterized by a lower magnitude than those which occurred on abandoned terraced slopes. Furthermore, this study highlights the usefulness of cadastral data in understanding the impact of rainfall-induced landslides due to both a high spatial and thematic accuracy. The obtained results represent a solid basis for the investigation of erosion and the shallow landslide susceptibility of terraced slopes by means of a simulation of land use change scenarios.
Gambaran Persepsi Remaja Terhadap Perilaku Lesbian, gay, Biseksual dan Transgender (LGBT) di SMAN 1 Tamansari Kabupaten Bogor
Authors: Warsina Warsina Wati
Published: July 2019

ABSTRAK : Perilaku Lesbian, Gay, Biseksual dan Transgender (LGBT) adalah suatu bentuk perilaku negatif, karena perilaku tersebut di pandang tidak sesuai dengan norma yang berlaku di masyarakat. Kelompok rentan terjangkitnya fenomena ini adalah dikalangan remaja. Oleh karena itu penting mengetahui persepsi remaja terhadap perilaku LGBT. Mengingat pentingnya masalah tersebut maka peneliti tertarik untuk meneliti tentang gambaran persepsi remaja terhadap perilaku LGBT. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran persepsi remaja terhadap perilaku Lesbian, Gay, Biseksual dan Transgender (LGBT). Design penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif. Cara pengambilan sampel dengan menggunakan proportional random sampling dengan target 87 responden, selanjutnya pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui instrument penelitian berupa kuesioner yang berjumlah 17 pernyataan dengan menggunakan skala Likert. Penelitian ini diambil di SMAN 1 Tamansari Kabupaten Bogor. Hasil penelitian ini, didapatkan sebagian besar (97%) usia responden atau sebanyak 84 responden berusia antara 15-17 tahun. Dari seluruh responden lebih dari setengahnya (61%) atau sebanyak 53 responden berjenis kelamin perempuan.  Dari 87 responden lebih dari setengahnya yaitu 49 responden (56%) memiliki persepsi yang positif dan menganggap LGBT adalah perilaku yang salah/menyimpang. Diharapkan kepada peneliti selanjutnya untuk mengembangkan penelitian tentang pengetahuan dan sikap remaja terhadap perilaku LGBT juga tentang peranan orang tua dalam pencegahan perilaku LGBT.

 

Kata Kunci : Persepsi, Perilaku LGBT, Remaja
Etlik Piliç Ebeveynleri Geliştirmek Amacıyla Eskişehir Geçit Kuşağı Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsünde Yetiştirilen Ana Ebeveyn Saf Hatlarının Yumurtlama Dönemine Ait Bazı Verim Özellikleri
Authors: OĞUZHAN Emrah , YETİŞİR Ramazan , ÖZKAN İsmail , HARMAN Halil , ÇAĞLAK Sinan
Published: July 2019

Bu araştırmada; A1, A2 ve A3 kodlu, broyler
büyük ebeveyn (BE) ana soylarının kısmi verimleri (28-44 hafta) baba familyası
düzeyinde belirlenmiştir. Her ebeveyn soyundan 14 olmak üzere, toplamda 42 baba
familyasına ait dişilerin verileri kullanılmıştır. Bu süreçte; Canlı Ağırlık
(CA), Yaşam Gücü (YG,%), Yumurta Verimi (YV) [kuluçkalık ve toplam; adet
ve  %,Tavuk-Gün (TG) ve Tavuk-Kümes
(TK)], Yumurta Ağırlığı (YA) ve Yumurta Kütlesi (YK), Yem Tüketimi (YT) ve Yem
Değerlendirme Sayısı (YDS) verileri elde edilmiştir. Bu veriler istatistik
analize tabi tutularak, ortalamalar karşılaştırılmıştır. Ebeveyn soyları
arasındaki CA (28-44. Hf) ve YG bakımından farklılıklar önemsiz çıkmıştır.
Günlük YT (g/tav/gün), toplam YT (kg/tavuk) 
ve YDS bakımından soylar arasındaki farklılıklar önemli  (P<0.01) bulunmuştur. Günlük YT ve toplam
YT bakımında A1 hattı diğerlerinden daha geri (P<0.01) değer göstermiştir.
Kuluçkalık ve toplam YV için YDS değerleri bakımından hatlar arası farklılıklar
önemli (P<0.01) bulunmuştur. A1 hattı A2 ve A3 hatlarına göre daha düşük (iyi)
(P<0.01) YDS değeri göstermiştir. Her iki YDS değeri bakımından A1 hattı ile
A3 hattı benzer, A1 ve A2 hatları arasındaki farklar A1 lehine önemli
(P<0.01) bulunmuştur. Ortalama YA ve YK bakımından hatlar arası farklılıklar
önemli (P<0.01) bulunmuştur. Her iki kıstas için A1 ve A3 hatları A2’den
daha yüksek (P<0.01) değer göstermişlerdir. Kuluçkalık ve toplam YV için
hatlar arasındaki farklılıklar önemli (P<0.01) bulunmuştur. Bu özellikler
için A1 ve A3 arasındaki farklar önemsiz çıkarken, A1 ile A2 arasındaki farklar
A1 lehine önemli (P<0.01) bulunmuştur. Kuluçkalık ve toplam YV, YDS
değerleri ve diğer özellikler dikkate alındığında A1 soyunun diğer ikisine (A2
ve A3) nazaran daha iyi olduğu söylenebilir.
El docente y las inteligencias múltiples
Authors: Luca Silvia Luz de
Published: July 2019

En nuestra realidad educativa, no todo es válido ni todo es equivocado, en las reformas educativas latinoamericanas se deben conocer las distintas teorías y experiencias educativas en el mundo para poder reformularlas o adaptarlas a nuestras necesidades.

Estamos acostumbrados a pensar en la inteligencia como una capacidad unitaria o como abarcativa de varias capacidades. Sin embargo, en oposición a esos enfoques de perfil más bien reduccionista, Gardner propone un enfoque de inteligencias múltiples. Se trata de un planteamiento sugerente, y acaso también provocativo, que permite problematizar sobre el fenómeno de la inteligencia más allá del universo de lo cognitivo.

Independientemente de la polémica de considerar “inteligencias”, “capacidades”  o “fortalezas” a esas facultades más o menos desarrolladas en las personas, a los docentes nos resulta de suma utilidad diagnosticarlas en nuestros alumnos, ya que nos permite comprenderlos más y delinear las actividades más apropiadas para obtener los máximos aprovechamientos.
La experiencia escolar de maestros inexpertos. Biografías, trayectorias y práctica profesional
Authors: Alliaud Andrea
Published: July 2019

En este último tiempo he oído voces que aluden a ciertos cambios en las actitudes, percepciones y prácticas de los docentes, vinculando ese movimiento con una nueva o distinta realidad escolar. Nuevos sujetos ingresan a las instituciones educativas. Los mismos, es decir los que tradicionalmente ingresaban, ya no son los mismos. Nuevos escenarios sociales y culturales se “imponen” en las escuelas, a pesar de ser éstas instituciones fuertemente conservadoras. La cultura de masas. La proliferación de medios por donde fluyen y circulan los conocimientos y la información. Las comunicaciones. El respeto por las particularidades y la construcción de valores locales. Los acuerdos, la convivencia.