bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PHYSICOCHEMICAL, TEXTURAL AND ORGANOLEPTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF WEST AFRICAN STIFF DOUGH ‘AMALA’ MADE FROM SOAKED AND UNSOAKED COCOYAM FLOUR
Authors: Akinoso Rahman , Lawal Adetunji Ismael , Olatoye Kazeem Koledoye , Olayioye Dorcas Olawunmi
Published: October 2021

Cocoyam is a nutrient dense but neglected tropical food crop. Conversion of its tubers into flour and West African stiff dough ‘amala’ (WASDA) - commonly produce from white yam flour, would enhance cocoyam utilization and reduce pressure on white yam. A 3 x 2 factorial experiment with 3 soaking period (0, 12 and 24 h after peeling at ambient conditions 30±2 oC) and 2 varieties (Colocasia spp. and Xanthosoma spp.) were used. The physicochemical, functional and pasting properties and sensory attributes of the flours and WASDA were analyzed. The soaking processes significantly (p<0.05) affected the physicochemical properties. Color (L*value), amylose and total starch contents of flours ranged from 66.68 to 76.52, 11.22 to 22.39% and 63.22 to 70.32%, respectively. The variations in functional properties of the flours were species dependent. Soaked flour of Colocasia spp. (Col 12) showed significantly higher peak (5118.67 cp), holding strength (4102.67 cp) and final (6445.33 cp) viscosities than the others flours. Sensory attributes revealed that, the controlled WASDA from commercial yam flour had the best color, aroma, texture, mouldability, taste and overall acceptability, while WASDA from 12 (Colocasia spp.) and 24 (Xanthosoma spp.) h soaking showed higher overall acceptability and physical stability compared with the unsoaked products.
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF CHOLESTEROL OXIDASE PRODUCING ACTINOMYCETES FROM EGYPTIAN SOIL FOR A LARGE SCALE FERMENTATION IN SUBMERGED CULTURES
Authors: Abdelwahed Nayera A.M. , Awad Hassan M. , Said Ismail G. , Gamal Amira A. , Elsayed Elsayed A. , Hassan Amira A.
Published: October 2021

Isolation and identification of new microbial isolates capable of producing cholesterol oxidase enzyme (CHO) is of great potential in the field of biotechnology of industrial enzymes. Four producing strains of actinomycetes were isolated from Egyptian soils demonstrated high activity in cholesterol degradation compared to the other isolates. Based on different standard morphological, biochemical as well as molecular techniques using 16S rRNA sequencing, these actinomycetes were identified as Streptomyces sp. strain NHIA_CH3 MK680299, Streptomyces sp. strain NHIA_CH5 MK680300 , Streptomyces griseus strain NHIA_CH6 MK680301 and  Streptomyces drozdowiczii strain NHIA_CH10 MK680302. In order to optimize the CHO enzyme activity, different fermentation media were tested in submerged cultures at shake flask level. Maximum activity (23.7 U/mL) was observed in culture of Streptomyces sp. strain NHIA_CH5 which was scaled up to the 5L volume of the stirred tank bioreactor. Results of the batch fermentation showed an earlier production of CHO enzyme with 4% increase in activity compared to that obtained from shake flask cultures indicated that Streptomyces sp. strain NHIA_CH5 could be a potential source of CHO enzyme for commercial purpose.
ARSENIC, CADMIUM AND MERCURY IN THE MACROLEPIOTA PROCERA (SCOP.) SINGER FRUITING BODIES
Authors: Jančo Ivona , Šnirc Marek , Hauptvogl Martin , Franková Hana , Čeryová Natália , Štefániková Jana , Árvay Július
Published: October 2021

In this study, the content of As, Cd and Hg in fruiting bodies was determined. These three elements were determined in 94 Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer samples (separately for caps and stems) and their corresponding soils/substrates collected from 8 different localities in Slovakia. Arsenic and cadmium were analyzed by Optical Emission Spectrometry with Inductively Coupled Plasma (OES-ICP), and mercury by Advanced Mercury Analyzer (AMA-254). In the soil/substrate As content varied from ND (not detected) to 11.9, Cd from 0.66 to 22.9 and Hg from 0.02 to 0.28 mg kg-1 DW (dry weight), respectively. In fruiting body stems arsenic content varied from ND to 4.77, cadmium from ND to 5.96 and mercury from 0.03 to 2.83 mg kg-1 DW. In the caps, As content varied from ND to 13.0, Cd from ND to 19.8 and Hg from 0.04 to 4.00 mg kg-1 DW. After comparing obtained results with the EU limits, for As in mushrooms 6.6% (cap) of analyzed samples exceeded the limit value, while for Cd, 4.7% (cap), 2.0% (stem) of analyzed samples exceeded the limit value. Regarding the background values in the soils/substrates of selected elements in Slovakia only Cd exceeded the limits (though almost 82% of samples). Regarding Hg content, all analyzed samples (fruiting bodies and soils/substrates) did not exceed the limit value. The selected monitored localities in Slovakia have been contaminated with trace elements. Some of the analyzed mushroom samples exceeded EU limits, and as such, they can pose a risk to human health.
EFFECT OF SOYMILK SUBSTITUTION ON THE QUALITY PROPERTIES OF MALTED MAIZE BEVERAGE DRINK
Authors: Akama Friday Ogori , Julius Amove , Tretyak Lyudmila , Kenijz Nadezhda , Mikolaychik Ivan , Morozova Larisa , Hleba Lukas , Shariati Mohammad Ali
Published: October 2021

The effects of substituting soy milk with a malted yellow corn-based beverage were evaluated. The mixture of soy milk and malted yellow corn was formulated. 100% soy milk, 0% malted yellow corn as sample A, 90% soy milk, 10% malted yellow corn as sample B, 80% soy milk, 20% malted yellow corn as sample C, 70% soy milk, 30% malted yellow corn as sample D, and 60% soy milk, 40% malted yellow corn as sample E. The blends were evaluated for proximal, functional, microbial, and sensory attributes and compared with the control made from 100% soy milk using standard methods. The proximal composition of the blend showed that the moisture content of the blended beverage ranged from (80-85.8) %, protein from (3.80-4.28) %, ash content from (1.15-1.80) %, crude fat from (1.63-2.93) %, and carbohydrate from (2.48-13.01) %. Total titratable acidity ranged from (0.030-0.65).  The viscosity of the slurry beverage mixture ranged from 1.75 to 11.00. PH values ranged from 5.0 to 9.66. The microbial load ranged from (3.36x104- 5.33x106). For total fungi, sample B has the highest fungal count. There is no significant difference (p<0.05) in the number of fungi in all samples. Similarly, significant differences (p<0.05) existed in the sensory scores of flavor/aroma, texture, taste, and overall acceptability, except (p<0.05) for appearance. All samples were generally acceptable in terms of sensory quality. Malted corn-based beverage replaced with soy milk could be used to alleviate hidden hunger, especially in rural communities.
Child Development in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Bornstein Marc H. , Rothenberg W. Andrew , Lansford Jennifer E. , Bradley Robert H. , Deater-Deckard Kirby , Bizzego Andrea , Esposito Gianluca
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND

The United Nations (UN) created the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS) to monitor progress toward achieving goals of the World Declaration on the Survival, Protection, and Development of Children and its plan of action. The MICS is nationally representative and internationally comparable.

METHODS

In this study, we use MICS data from 51 low- and middle-income countries on 159 959 children between 36 and 59 months of age. To index national development, we used the 2013 UN Human Development Index (HDI), which provides data on country-level life expectancy, education, and income. To index child development, we used the Early Childhood Development Index (ECDI), which assesses literacy and numeracy, socioemotional development, physical health, and approaches to learning.

RESULTS

Children’s literacy and numeracy, socioemotional development, and approaches to learning all increase linearly as national development on the HDI (especially education) increases. Overall, the HDI revealed a positive association (r = 0.40) with the ECDI: the HDI explained 16% of variance in children’s ECDI scores and was the most influential predictor of ECDI scores examined. HDI-ECDI relations are robust, even when we control for multiple demographic aspects of children (age, sex), mothers (age, education), and households (size variables) as covariates. No family demographic variable was a stronger predictor of child development than national development.

CONCLUSIONS

To promote child development, low- and middle-income countries need to develop and implement policies that ensure national health and wealth and, particularly, the educational achievements of children’s caregivers. These findings are faithful to the World Summit for Children and inform the UN Sustainable Development Goals, which drive the international development agenda through 2030.
Diagrammatic scale for assessment the severity of Cercospora leaf blight on soybean (Glycine max) leaflets
Authors: Lavilla Miguel , Ivancovich Antonio , Díaz-Paleo Antonio
Published: October 2021

Introduction. Cercospora leaf blight (CLB) caused by Cercospora kikuchii is an endemic soybean crop disease in Argentina. Objective. To develop and validate a scale to quantify the severity of CLB in leaflets of soybean (Glycine max) for the evaluation of foliar fungicides and cultivar trials. Materials and methods. A diagrammatic scale to assess the severity of CLB on soybean leaflets (Glycine max) was developed. The scale was based on the evaluation of 50 leaflets. The different severity levels of the leaflets were determined according to Weber-Fechner’s stimulus-response law. The proposed scale included severity levels of 1, 4.5, 17.5, 50, 82.2, 95, and 99 %. The validation of the scale was performed by 23 raters (3 experienced and 20 inexperienced) who assessed the severity of CLB on 50 leaflets with and without the use of the scale. Results. The results from the three experienced raters were more precise than those obtained by the inexperienced raters. The scale improved the visual interpretation to assess the severity of CLB for the inexperienced raters, who obtained estimated severity values close to the actual severity values. When the inexperienced raters used the proposed scale to estimate the severity of CLB on leaflets, they were accurate having determination coefficients (R2) between 0.74 and 0.91. According to the absolute errors, the greatest deviation was observed between -2.49 and 2.46. However, these deviations were not significantly different from the population average. To speed the process of cultivar evaluations we also propose the use of scales based on grades. Conclusions. The proposed scale to assess the severity of CLB on leaflets can be used for the assessment of foliar fungicide trials and soybean cultivars. The scale showed specificity for assessing the severity of Cercospora leaf blight (CFB) in soybean leaflets.
The gendering of healthy diets
Authors: Bouvier Gwen , Chen Ariel
Published: October 2021

Gendered identities are communicated in places as frequent and ordinary as food packaging, becoming mundane features of everyday life as they sit on supermarket shelves, in cupboards and on office desks. Multimodal critical discourse analysis (MCDA) allows us to investigate how such identities are buried in packaging in relation to health and fitness. Despite observed broader changes in gendered representations of the body in advertising, in particular relating to the arrival of ‘power femininity’, the products analysed in this article are found to carry fairly traditional and prototypical gender representations, and products marketed at both men and women highlight the need for more precise body management. For women, however, this precision is related to managing the demands of everyday life, packaged as a moral imperative to be healthy, responsible and successful.
Fuck off! recasting queer anger for a politics of (self-)discomfort
Authors: Milani Tommaso M
Published: October 2021

While anger is often treated as a ‘dirty’ feeling or a pathology, queer anger holds the potential for a renewed politics of (self-)discomfort. I draw upon queer theory in order to strategically highlight that anger is what constitutes queer both as a homophobic slur and as a reclaimed label of self-identification. Put differently, it is impossible to understand how ‘queer’ works pragmatically without its affective loading. Moreover, inspired by the Black feminist tradition, I argue that it is imperative to forge angry coalitions with other activist and academic projects against discrimination. Fuck off! is the rallying cry for building a broader defying alliance that not only marshals together various streams of anger directed at different sides of the same Leviathan, hegemony, but also does not shy away from internal annoyances and is not afraid of constantly discomforting itself.
Thirty-year retrospective on language, gender and sexuality research
Authors: Hall Kira , Borba Rodrigo , Hiramoto Mie
Published: October 2021

This thirty-year retrospective on language, gender and sexuality research, launched in anticipation of the thirtieth anniversary of the 1992 Berkeley Women and Language Conference, showcases essays by luminaries who presented papers at the conference as well as allied scholars who have taken the field in new directions. Revitalising a tradition set out by the First Berkeley Women and Language Conference in 1985, the four biennial Berkeley conferences held in the 1990s led to the establishment of the International Gender and Language Association and subsequently of the journal Gender and Language, contributing to the field’s institutionalisation and its current panglobal character. Retrospective essays addressing the themes of Politics, Practice, Intersectionality and Place will be published across four issues of the journal in 2021. In this third issue on the theme of intersectionality, Mel Y. Chen revisits the melancholy they experienced in their training as a linguist pursuing transdisciplinarity in the 1990s to highlight the broader role played by affective politics in scholarship, while Michèle Foster narrates key incidents in her life that shaped her work giving voice to Black women’s linguistic knowledge and practices. Mary Bucholtz and deandre miles-hercules, Lal Zimman and Susan Ehrlich offer incisive critiques of the field’s limits, drawing on their own positionalities to move the study of language, gender and sexuality beyond its whiteness and cis-centredness. Tommaso M. Milani thinks through the affective loading of the term ‘queer’ to set out the importance of anger and discomfort in building broader, intersectional alliances in the struggle for social justice. The theme series also pays tribute to significant scholars present at the 1992 Berkeley conference who are no longer with us; in this issue, María Dolores Gonzales offers a moving personal account of the life, work and activism of Chicana sociolinguist D. Letticia Galindo.
Tajemnica adwokacka jako element realizacji prawa do sprawiedliwego procesu sądowego oraz prawa do poszanowania korespondencji
Authors:   SWPS Uniwersytet Humanistycznospołeczny w Warszawie, Polska, Banach Natalia
Published: October 2021

The issue of exemption from the attorney-client privilege and the nature of this attorney-client privilege is widely discussed both in the literature on the subject and in the doctrine. In order to analyze this subject, it was necessary to interpret the provisions of the Law on the Bar Ac (26 May 1982), the provisions of the Code of Bar Ethics (23 December 2011) the Constitution of the Republic of Poland (2 April 1997), both guarantees enshrined in the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Rights of liberty from 1950. The interpretation was made in conjunction with Polish case law common courts and case law of the European Court of Human Rights. This also presents the view of the polish Ombudsman’s Office. Given that the professional secrecy of lawyers is an inseparable element of justice, it would be wrong to omit the generally accepted moral norms of society in relation to the procedural role of a lawyer. The thesis put forward that the professional secrecy of lawyers is part of the implementation of the right to a fair trial and the right to respect for private life. The purpose of the work was to emphasize the essence of lawyers’ secrecy as an inseparable element of defense of the parties to the proceedings and to indicate interpretation differences between Polish courts and the case law of the European Court of Human Rights.
Schematy podatkowe a tajemnica zawodowa wybranych zawodów zaufania publicznego
Authors:   SWPS Uniwersytet Humanistycznospołeczny w Warszawie, Polska, Skwirowska Justyna
Published: October 2021

The institution of Mandatory Disclosure Rules was regulated in polish Tax Code in 2019. This implementation was made due to Council Directive 2018/822. Although these polish legal norms have clearly been problematic. It is claimed that professional secrecy of profession like for example: lawyers, legal advisors, tax advisors can be affected by the obligation to report some kind of tax schemes even without getting exemption from professional secrecy by client. The aim of this paper is to show that these regulations can be not constitutional in term of art. 17 of Polish Constitution.
Neodkladné opatrenia podľa civilného sporového poriadku
Authors:   Univerzita Pavla Jozefa Šafárika v Košiciach, Slovenská republika, Sudzina Milan
Published: October 2021

In the article entitled “Interim Measures under the Civil Litigation Code”, the author analyzes the issue of this institute in court proceedings which is possible in two cases, namely that the situation needs to be adjusted without delay or if there is a fear that enforcement of the judicial decision could be jeopardized. The aim of this article is to deal in detail with the purpose and assumptions that has to be met for a court decision ordering the interim measures. The article pays special attention to the comparison with the previous legal regulation on interim measures under the Code of Civil Procedure.
Kradzież tzw. plastikowego pieniądza – rozważania nad pojęciem karty płatniczej i jej kradzieżą
Authors:   Wyższa Szkoła Zarządzania Ochroną Pracy w Katowicach, Polska, Szajna Arkadiusz P.
Published: October 2021

The subject of considerations made in this article are related issues with the concept of a payment card and the legal qualification of its theft, depending on whether it is a payment card or an ATM card. After analyzing the literature and jurisprudence, the author comes to the conclusion that only the theft of an ATM card should be qualified as an offense under Art. 278 § 5 of the Criminal Code. On the other hand, the theft of a card with a payment function, depending on the value of the executive object, may constitute theft under Art. 278 § 1 of the Criminal Code (if the value of the executive subject exceeds PLN 500) or offenses under Art. 119 § 1 of the Petty Offenses Code (if the value of the executive subject does not exceed PLN 500). In conclusion, the author also points out that in a situation where a card with a payment function has been stolen, the value of the subject of the theft is the entire amount of money on the owner's account at the time of the theft.
Tajemnica bankowa i jej ograniczenia
Authors:   SWPS Uniwersytet Humanistycznospołeczny w Warszawie, Polska, Wierzbowski Mariusz
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the article is to discuss the issues of banking secrecy and in particular its limitations. The powers of government institutions to information covered by banking secrecy as well as international regulations, which create an automated way of exchanging them, significantly affect the independence of banking secrecy. The above prerogatives have been presented against the background of personal data protection and the privacy rights of clients of financial institutions. All considerations lead to the questions: How important is the banking secret today and how deeply is its mitigation? The composition of the study was based on the dogmatic and descriptive method.
Kształtowanie się ochrony tajemnicy notarialnej ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem jej karnoprocesowych aspektów. Zarys problematyki
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Barczak Daniel
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study is to present the issues of a professional confidentiality of a notary on the background of pending criminal proceedings, the scope of the subject of discretion, the reasons for exempting a notary from the obligation to maintain professional secrecy in a criminal trial, as well as emphasizing the protection of a notarial secrecy in the case of securing documents for the purposes of a criminal trial. Issues related to a notarial secrecy were discussed both from the perspective of the notary public acting as a witness and the accused. Criminal proceedings issues present in the Polish notary’s office are still not a widely discussed issue, which is why such a topic is worth analyzing.
Jak uniknąć skazania w rzymskim procesie karnym? – kilka porad praktycznych
Authors:   Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego, Warszawa, Polska, Loska Elżbieta
Published: October 2021

The text is based on an analysis of source texts and literature on the subject related to the question of how in republican Rome a perpetrator tried to avoid the punishment prescribed for his deed. The article deals mainly with the so-called squalor practice. Its purpose was to convince the criminal court that the accused was innocent. According to tradition, the accused appeared at the trial in dark, often tattered robes, unkempt, unshaven, as if in mourning. This was to prove that the accusation was unfair and harmful. This practice is illustrated by the example of three trials: that of Publius Cornelius Scipio, Rutilius Rufus and Titus Annius Milo. The course of these trials differed a lot: the content of the accusation, the defendant’s guilt, his willingness to act in accordance with the accepted tradition, the attitude of Roman society towards it, and the consequences of not using squalor. In each of these cases, however, the accused resigned from wearing mourning robes during the trial, which was supposed to demonstrate his attitude to the charges against him.
Aspekty tajemnicy zawodowej tłumacza przysięgłego
Authors:   SWPS Uniwersytet Humanistycznospołeczny w Warszawie, Polska, Prawdzik Paulina
Published: October 2021

The paper aims to present the opinion of professional secrets of a sworn translator. These issues are rarely found in your list of issues in the legal literature. At the beginning, the institution of a sworn translator is outlined. Next, the article’s merits, i.e. the analysis of the features of the translator’s professional secrets, will be discussed. Another aspect in this work will be released from the professional secrets of the translator and presented in the law to those that the Ombudsman referred to. The final paragraph will deal with sanctions for breach of professional secrets. The purpose of the performance is to show the specifications and profession of a sworn translator and his social significance. Professional secrecy is an important element in the qualification of this profession as a profession of public trust.
From InnoMix to University–Industry Collaboration: Fostering Exchange at Eye Level
Authors: Hille Carsten , Morcinczyk-Meier Daria , Schneider Sarah , Mietzner Dana
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we address a specific tool—InnoMix—that is implemented to overcome the lack of university–industry interaction in a selected region facing structural change with its corresponding impact on the economy and society. InnoMix is facilitated and implemented by university-based transfer scouts who act as mediators and translators between the players of the regional innovation system. These transfer scouts are part of the Innovation Hub 13, in which the region’s partners and stakeholders, infrastructures and competencies are systematically networked with each other to set new impulses for knowledge and technology transfer. These new impulses are brought into the region through new transfer approaches ranging from people and tools to infrastructure. InnoMix can be considered to be a highly interactive tool to overcome the weak, direct interaction between researchers and potential corporate partners in the region to foster strong collaboration between academia and industry. InnoMix especially aims to strengthen interdisciplinary exchange to shed light on cross-disciplinary perspectives. For that reason, transfer scouts focusing on transfer activities related to the life sciences, digitalisation and lightweight construction are involved in the implementation of InnoMix. Based on 11 InnoMix running since 2019, we provide insights into the planning and preparation phase of InnoMix and the selection of relevant topics and requirements for matching participants. Furthermore, we clearly indicate which formats of InnoMix work best and in which way university–industry interactions could be curated after InnoMix is implemented.
Potentiometric sensor for lead ions determination
Authors:   Dagestan State University, Tataeva S. D. , Zeynalov R. Z. ,   Dagestan State University, Magomedov K. E. ,   Dagestan State University
Published: October 2021

One of the sensitive and inexpensive methods used for the analysis of water bodies is the ionometry, the development of which is associated with the introduction of new ion-selective electrodes into the practice of potentiometric analysis. An optimized composition of the membrane for the manufacturing of a zinc-selective electrode based on polyvinyl chloride modified with 2-mercaptobenzthiazole (MPVC) is proposed with the following ratio of ingredients (in wt. %): Polyvinyl chloride - 31.7; dioctyl sebacate - 66.3; potassium tetra-p-chlorophenylborate - 0.5; MPVH - 1.5. The working range of pH was established with a minimum potential drift, which was 1.5 - 3. The slope of the electrode function was calculated as 30.1 ± 0.3 mV. According to the dependence of the electrode potential for the selected composition of the membrane on the logarithm of the zinc ion concentration, it was found that the proposed model of the electrode operates in the concentration range of 1∙10-5 - 1∙10-1 mol / L, with a detection limit of 0.65 mg / l. The stabilization time of the potential within 1 mV was 15 - 20 s. The potentiometric coefficients of the selectivity of the zinc selective electrode with respect to various ions have been determined. The conditions for the determination of zinc using the obtained sensor in alloys and wastewater were proposed. The electrode with the membrane based on polyvinyl chloride modified with 2-mercaptobenzthiazole can be used as an alternative to the industrial electrode XC-Zn-001 for the determination of zinc ions in various objects. The obtained experimental data was close in accuracy to the results obtained by the atomic absorption methods, as well as the ionometry using the industrial electrode. In conclusion, the electrode with the membrane based on polyvinyl chloride modified with 2-mercaptobenzthiazole can be used as an alternative to XC-Zn-001.
On Quantifying Literals in Boolean Logic and its Applications to Explainable AI
Authors: Darwiche Adnan , Marquis Pierre
Published: October 2021

Quantified Boolean logic results from adding operators to Boolean logic for existentially and universally quantifying variables. This extends the reach of Boolean logic by enabling a variety of applications that have been explored over the decades. The existential quantification of literals (variable states) and its applications have also been studied in the literature. In this paper, we complement this by introducing and studying universal literal quantification and its applications, particularly to explainable AI. We also provide a novel semantics for quantification, discuss the interplay between variable/literal and existential/universal quantification, and identify some classes of Boolean formulas and circuits on which quantification can be done efficiently. Literal quantification is more fine-grained than variable quantification as the latter can be defined in terms of the former, leading to a refinement of quantified Boolean logic with literal quantification as its primitive.
Health risk identification of typical groundwater using bioassays and chemical methods
Authors: Yin Kun , Guo Chen , Lv Zhanlu , Zhao Shuli , Jia Chengjun , Zhu Hongxia
Published: October 2021

The toxicity and associated health risks of typical contaminated groundwater were evaluated using bioassays, the SOS/umu test and the micronucleus assay, with a comparison of identified risks based on bioassay and chemical methods. An analysis of 15 water extracts showed that a lifetime cancer risk (LCR) value of 10−6 was recorded for 47% of water extracts. These results indicated that some water extracts did not exhibit toxicity when analysed using one type of bioassay, yet they indicated high toxicity when analysed using another method. Our results also demonstrated that the LCR values from bioassays were generally greater (2.4-foldmax) than those derived from chemical analysis, a finding indicating that risks can be underestimated or false-negative results can be obtained when only chemical-based methods or even just one bioassay is used. This study suggests that the use of multiple bioassays should be considered to be an efficient method and a comprehensive method should be established for risk assessment. Our findings also suggest that groundwater and freshwater in the studied area might pose significant health risks and exhibit toxicity.
Integrating disaster management planning into road infrastructure asset management
Authors: Caldera Savindi , Mostafa Sherif , Desha Cheryl , Mohamed Sherif
Published: October 2021

Climate change presents challenges for road infrastructure asset managers, with uncertainty about the impacts of increasingly frequent and intense disasters on asset functionality and lifespan. Budgeting for disaster response and recovery is improving; however, there are calls for more evidence to support budget allocations. This exploratory study aimed to create a systematic approach for integrating climate-related disaster risks within road asset evaluation, towards improving the evidence-base for capital works and maintenance budgets. It involved a systematic literature review of 63 research papers about resilient road infrastructure, followed by sense-checking key findings through eight semi-structured interviews with road asset management experts from the Australian government and industry. The authors present a set of 15 parameters for evaluating road infrastructure resilience, within four commonly used asset management categories: robustness, redundancy, resourcefulness and rapidity. These are placed within a disaster management planning framework for resilient road infrastructure outcomes, with the key parameters matched to the commonly used disaster management phases of ‘Prevent, Prepare, Respond, Recover’. The parameters and the framework have immediate use for road infrastructure asset managers, providing clear decision-support regarding what data are important to collect and analyse and at what time, to inform capital works and maintenance budgets.
The Criminogenic Risks of Irregular Migration in Conditions of Armed Conflict in Ukraine.
Authors: Dixi Revista , Lytvynov Oleksii M. , Orlov Yurii V. , Yashchenko Andrei M. , Yurtayeva Kseniya V.
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the paper is to comprehend and examine dimensions of irregular migration, namely its criminogenic, victimological sources and its background influence on criminal processes in conditions of armed conflict in Ukraine.

Results of the study allows us to draw a sound conclusion that irregular migration poses a number of criminogenic risks to Ukrainian national security as well as to the rights and freedoms of Ukrainian citizens, especially of those who remain or arrive to the occupied territories. The research ascertains that criminogenic potential of migration may be viewed from two related perspectives associated with the phenomenon of migrants’ criminality and migrants as potential or real victims of crime. The research outlines the factors providing a favourable environment for engaging irregular migrants into criminal activities. Basing on the recent amendments to the Criminal Code of Ukraine and current criminal statistic the research ascertains the links of ethnic minority criminality and mercenary activities with irregular migration in Ukraine. The research provides arguments that internally displaced persons can be viewed as a contemporary type of intra-state migration that poses additional criminogenic hazards in conditions of the armed conflict in Ukraine.

Practical implications of the study lie in the recommendations for decreasing the risks of irregular migration, in conditions of armed conflict in Ukraine, defined a following: resolving the issue on the legal status of the armed conflict in Eastern regions of Ukraine, as well as recognising Lugansk Public Republic and Donetsk Public Republics terrorist’s organisations on the national level. Reinforcing suppression of all kinds of smuggling, international.
Judicial Control as a Guarantee of Non-Interference in Private Life During the Pretrial Investigation
Authors: Galagan Volodymyr I. , Ablamskyi Serhii Ye. , Udovenko Zhаnnа V. , Ablamska Victoria V.
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the topical issue of judicial control over non-interference in the private (personal and family) life of participants in criminal proceedings. The study was conducted in the context of the analysis of the practice of the ECHR, the legal positions of which should be consistently applied in criminal proceedings, evidence of this are the legal requirements on this issue. The notion and concept of judicial control is a necessity component that helps in guaranteeing the respect of human dignity and integrity. It is a common and established principle that, during the pre-trial process, it is the position of those ensuring justice in making sure that the life of persons is respected and safeguarded. It is noted that in accordance with the national legislation of Ukraine, judicial control is a separate function of the court's activities at the stage of pre-trial investigation, directly carried out by the investigating judge. The situation will become precarious and detrimental when the private life of persons is not respected to the fullest.

Therefore, it is the responsibility of those ensuring public order during the pre-trial investigation phase in ensuring the respect of the private life of the presumed suspect for the proper implementation of the justice process. In ensuring this right, it is established that the empirical and analytical methods of research are necessary in order to show the effective role played by the European Court of Human Rights in respecting the right to private life during the interrogative phase of inquiry. From the findings, it is seen that, though the Court has played a prominent and pertinent role in the respect of private, the suspect continues in experiencing difficulties when it's private life is at at stake, and it always affects the extent of the justice system.
First record of Phyllocnistis citrella in Hungary, a micromoth species pest on Citrus (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)
Authors: Katona Gergely , Schermann Balázs , Tóth Balázs
Published: October 2021

Several larvae of Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton, 1856 were found mining in lemon leaves in Kistarcsa, Central Hungary. Seven specimens emerged in August 2020. They are deposited as vouchers in the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest. These are the first records of the species occurring in Hungary. With 3 figures.
First record of Spodoptera littoralis in Hungary (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)
Authors: Katona Gergely , Schermann Balázs , Dombi Orsolya , Tóth Balázs
Published: October 2021

Three larvae of the noctuid moth Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval, 1833) have been found in Kistarcsa, Central Hungary in August, 2020. One caterpillar developed to adult stage, it is deposited in the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest. This is the first record of this Afrotropical and subtropical species in Hungary. With 4 figures.
Dyscia innocentaria (Christoph, 1885) in the Pannonian Region (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Ennominae)
Authors: Tóth Balázs
Published: October 2021

Dyscia innocentaria (Christoph, 1885) is reported from the Pannonian Region for the first time: altogether 16 specimens were found in the Hungarian Natural History Museum, collected in Deliblát (Deliblato Sands, Serbia) in 1895 and the 1910s by Hungarian lepidopterists. These are the oldest known D. innocentaria specimens from Serbia. With 7 figures.
First record of Ophraella communa in Hungary (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)
Authors: Horváth Dávid , Lukátsi Márk
Published: October 2021

Ophraella communa LeSage, 1986, a leaf beetle native to North America, is recorded for the first time from Hungary. Several specimens were found on a degraded meadow in the outskirts of Budapest. Its importance in suppressing its main host plant, common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.), is shortly discussed, as well as the potential problems it can cause in plant protection. With 5 figures.
Further new and rare weevils in Hungary (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Szénási Valentin
Published: October 2021

Trichosirocalus urens (Gyllenhal, 1837) is first recorded from Hungary. Recent, still unpublished Hungarian records of Alcidodes karelinii (Boheman, 1844), Datonychus scabrirostris (Hochhuth, 1847), Leiosoma baudii Bedel, 1884, Minyops costalis (Gyllenhal, 1834), Minyops variolosus (Fabricius, 1775), Mogulonoides radula (Germar, 1823) and Rhinomias viertli (Weise, 1886) are presented. Multiflowered buttercup (Ranunculus polyanthemos L.) is the first host plant species of the two Minyops species. With 6 figures.
Editorial: Special Edition on Corporate and Financial Markets Law: Embracing Technology in Corporate, Securities and Financial Markets Law and the Combating of Financial Crimes in the 4th Industrial Revolution
Authors: Chitimira Howard , Warikandwa Tapiwa Victor
Published: October 2021

This special edition consists of a selection of contemporary and well thought out academic contributions that were developed into full journal articles by presenters who delivered their key findings at the 2nd Annual Colloquium on Corporate and Financial Markets Law at the Faculty of Law, North-West University, on 29-30 October 2020. These contributions were developed into articles, subjected to a rigorous double-blind peer review process to determine their quality, and subsequently accepted for publication in the Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal.
Current Issues of Inspection of Crime Scene Examination
in the Case of Home Invasion Crimes
Authors: Popov V. A. , Pudovkin A. A.
Published: October 2021

Home invasion crimes are among the most common and difficult to solve criminal acts. Of particular importance in the detection of thefts of this category is crime scene examination. The authors consider some organizational problems that arise during the crime scene examination in investigative practice, give recommendations for their elimination. The authors also note that in law enforcement practice, when examining a crime scene for home invasion robberies, there are many difficulties associated with the correct and accurate application of the norms of the criminal procedure law due to the gaps in the legislation. Thus, there is no separate rule in the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation devoted exclusively to the crime scene examination, the issue of the need to seek the consent of residents when the inspection of the scene of the incident is carried out in the dwelling, as well as a number of other gaps that complicate the crime scene examination in the dwelling is not filled. The authors suggest ways to solve these problems.
Modern Legislation
in the Field of Combating Corruption
Authors: Belsky A. I. , Lykov E. N.
Published: October 2021

The history of the origin of corruption relationships and corruption phenomena that exist at the moment in the Russian Federation are considered. It is noted that the fight against corruption has been one of the main tasks of the state from the time of Ancient Rome to the present day, and in a number of developed countries the anti-corruption system is functioning quite successfully and an atmosphere of public rejection of this negative phenomenon has been created. The reasons for the occurrence of corruption in the Russian Federation are analyzed, and the need to tighten measures to combat corruption, as well as to legislatively consolidate and introduce administrative and criminal measures to prevent and suppress corruption, is indicated. It was emphasized that a quarter of the citizens of the Russian Federation almost daily encounter obvious signs of corruption, and that at the present stage of the development of the Russian Federation, corruption takes the form of a systemic nature. Several types of corruption are designated: administrative, political, economic, domestic and elite, while it is proposed to distinguish the following types into a separate group: national and international. Analytical data on the distribution of corruption services among various branches of government is provided. The descriptions of the most popular types of corruption fraud aimed at misappropriation of funds are given. The main ways of preventing corruption crimes and ways of its implementation are presented.
The Influence of Summer Filed Practice
in “Engineering Geology” on Students’ Quality
Assessment of the Learning Process
Authors: Strulev S. A. , Suzyumov A. V. , Kozachek A. V.
Published: October 2021

The article discusses the role of students’ summer field practice in the discipline “Engineering Geology” and its influence
on students’ academic progress, satisfaction with the educational process and academic performance in field practice. Students’ participation in
the academic expedition “Flotilla of floating universities” increases their satisfaction with the educational process management, consolidates
their knowledge through practical work and involves students in academic research.
Modern Approaches to Information Technologies
in the Educational Process of the University
Authors: Kuznetsov V. P. , Kuznetsova S. N. , Bakulina N. A.
Published: October 2021

The article considers the necessity of introducing new information technologies into the educational process of higher educational institutions. Such information technology requirements as high level
of distribution of the information processing process, systematic nature,
the inclusion of a full set of elements necessary to achieve the goal have been highlighted. The key components that must be taken into account
by the teacher when organizing the educational process, namely
the formation and development of students’ abilities and skills of effective and optimal use of information technologies in the assimilation
of educational information, the implementation of didactic material
of information technologies in educational process are discussed.
The conclusion is made that the use of information technologies in the organization of the educational process and teaching of academic disciplines stimulates students to the most successful assimilation
of educational information, and students’ motivation increases.
INS/GNSS Integration with Account for Timing Skew and Displacement of GNSS Antenna. Experience of Practical Realization
Authors:   Moscow State University, Russia, Vavilova N.B. , Golovan A.A. ,   Moscow State University, Russia, Kozlov A.V. ,   Moscow State University, Russia, Papusha I.A. ,   Moscow State University, Russia, Zorina O.A. ,   Moscow Institute of Electromechanics and Automatics, JSC, Russia, Izmailov E.A. ,   Moscow Institute of Electromechanics and Automatics, JSC, Russia, Kukhtevich S.E. ,   Moscow Institute of Electromechanics and Automatics, JSC, Russia, Fomichev A.V. ,   Moscow Institute of Electromechanics and Automatics, JSC, Russia
Published: October 2021

We examine two aspects specific to complex data fusion algorithms in integrated strapdown inertial navigation systems aided by global positioning systems, with their inherent spatial separation between the GNSS antenna phase center and the inertial measurement unit, as well as with the timing skew between their measurements. The first aspect refers to modifications of mathematical models used in INS/GNSS integration. The second one relates to our experience in their application in onboard airborne navigation algorithms developed by Moscow Institute of Electromechanics and Automatics.
From the Rocket R-7 and the First Human Flight into Space up to Permanent Manned Orbital Station
Authors:   Korolev RSC Energia, JSC, Korolev, Belyaev M.Yu. ,   Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Mytishchi, Moscow Region, Russia
Published: October 2021

The paper presents a brief history of preparation for and execution of the first manned flight into space in the Vostok spacecraft. The main tasks and challenges which were solved to make this historical event possible are discussed. Further achievements of Russian manned cosmonautics are presented, including the first world’s orbital station Salyut which was constructed and launched in orbit 50 years ago. The human role in executing a space flight is studied. The tasks in the space orbit are discussed, the solutions to which with the participation of the crew have improved the space flight safety and efficiency. Examples of cosmonauts’ operations during the flights of the orbital stations Salyut, the orbital facility Mir, and the International Space Station are given to illustrate such tasks. The importance of cosmonauts’ participation in the research and experiments on the orbital stations is demonstrated, and positive examples of such participation are provided.
CircFOXM1 promotes the proliferation, migration, invasion, and glutaminolysis of glioblastoma by regulating the miR-577/E2F5 axis
Authors: Fan Xuhui , Liu Meng , Fei Li , Huang Zhihui , Yan Yufeng
Published: October 2021

Circular RNA (circRNA) is a key regulator of tumor progression. However, the role of circFOXM1 in glioblastoma (GBM) progression is unclear.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of circFOXM1 in GBM progression. The expression levels of circFOXM1, miR-577 and E2F transcription factor 5 (E2F5) were examined by real-time quantitative PCR. Cell counting kit 8 assay, EdU staining and transwell assay were used to detect cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. The levels of glutamine, glutamate and α-ketoglutarate were determined to evaluate the glutaminolysis ability of cells. Protein expression was tested by western blot analysis. Dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA pull-down assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay were employed to verify the interaction between miR-577 and circFOXM1 or E2F5. Mice xenograft model for GBM was constructed to perform in vivo experiments.

Our results showed that circFOXM1 was highly expressed in GBM tumor tissues and cells. Silencing of circFOXM1 inhibited GBM cell proliferation, migration, invasion, glutaminolysis, as well as tumor growth. MiR-577 could be sponged by circFOXM1, and its inhibitor could reverse the suppressive effect of circFOXM1 downregulation on GBM progression. E2F5 was a target of miR-577, and the effect of its knockdown on GBM progression was consistent with that of circFOXM1 silencing. CircFOXM1 positively regulated E2F5 expression, while miR-577 negatively regulated E2F5 expression.

In conclusion, our data confirmed that circFOXM1 could serve as a sponge of miR-577 to enhance the progression of GBM by targeting E2F5, which revealed that circFOXM1 might be a biomarker for GBM treatment.