bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Levantamiento arquitectónico y análisis arqueológico del castillo de Píñar como punto de partida para su conservación
Authors: Benavides López José Antonio , Martín Civantos José Mª , Rouco Collazo Jorge
Published: January 2020

This paper presents an applied methodology for the graphic documentation, analysis and criteria determination for the protection and conservation of built heritage. One of the main risks when restoring medieval rammed earth architecture is the lacking of an optimal graphic base of its structures. This paper’s main objective is the holistic knowledge of the Píñar fortress (Granada), analysis the building sequence from an archaeological perspective, and performing a rigorous 3D survey of its structures as a fundamental procedure. This survey was carried out applying the new technologies in graphic documentation: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)-based multi-image photogrammetry and Structure-from-Motion (SfM) processing. The new systems of aerial three-dimensional (3D) capture and representation are changing the paradigm in the architectural heritage documentation, being much more efficient and precise. This high-quality documentation is fundamental for the archaeological research of the fortress’ building sequence, remarkably easing research as well as results dissemination. The constructive techniques and building sequence study made with archaeological methodology has revealed the complex historical evolution of Píñar fortress, since it was built in the Almohad period, with important transformations in Nasrid and Castilian periods. These alterations in such a narrow span of time shed light on the importance of this fortification in the border organization in the Late Middle Ages. The experimentation with Building Information Modelling (BIM) tools applied to heritage (HBIM) is showing its great potential in processing data linked to conceptual models, integrating graphic documentation with archaeological and historical interpretation. Nevertheless, the complexity of historical buildings and the hard work of manual modelling are making its wider use in archaeology difficult. The BIM model of Píñar fortress has been enriched with data such as type of material, building technique, chronology, pathologies and modifications, differentiating the historical phases with specific colours to make its identification easier. Its aim is to acquire a better knowledge of the fortress historical evolution, thus allowing the creation of conservation and protection strategies. The holistic knowledge of a building is a complex task that requires the work of different professionals. The ones in charge of the graphic documentation must know the survey objectives and the needs of the rest of the team. The current and future management of heritage requires professionals working on conservation with updated skills in digital technologies. The results of public heritage research with these technologies should be in open access platforms to be used by all researchers and professionals that could need them.
Unstable Fracture Neck of Femur in Young Adults: Management with Cannulated Cancellous Screws Augmented with Medial Buttress Plate
Authors: Singaravadivelu Vaidyanathan , Kartheesan Ganesan , Sampathkumar Vignesh
Published: January 2020

Objective

This study is to evaluate the clinical and radiological outcome of unstable fracture neck of the femur in young adults treated with three cannulated cancellous screws augmented with medial buttress plate.

Materials and methods

Fifteen patients of less than 60 years were operated from January 2017 to March 2018. Reduction was achieved by closed or open means to Garden's alignment index grade I. Internal fixation was done with three cannulated cancellous screws through mini lateral incision, and medial buttress plating was done through modified Smith–Peterson approach. All patients were mobilized from the immediate postoperative period and allowed toe-touch weight-bearing as tolerated. All patients were followed at 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months postoperatively.

Results

Fracture united in 14 of 15 patients. Reduction loss and backing out of cancellous screws occurred in one patient. No cases of avascular necrosis was identified at a mean follow-up of 13.7 months. No significant femoral neck shortening was observed in all united fractures.

Conclusion

Anatomical reduction by closed or open method; stable fixation with three cannulated cancellous screws augmented with medial buttress plate, increases fracture union rate compared to the historical series using closed reduction and cancellous screw fixation alone. Open reduction and medial antiglide plate fixation do not appear to increase morbidity.

How to cite this article

Singaravadivelu V, Kartheesan G, Vignesh S. Unstable Fracture Neck of Femur in Young Adults: Management with Cannulated Cancellous Screws Augmented with Medial Buttress Plate. J Orth Joint Surg 2019;1(1):1–4.
Posterior Malleolus Fractures in Trimalleolar Fracture Dislocations of the Ankle Fixed with Anteroposterior Screws vs Posterior Plating: A Clinical Outcome Study
Authors: Chandramohan Arunkamal , Jayaramaraju Dheenadhayalan , Agraharam Devendra , Perumal Ramesh , Shanmuganathan Rajasekaran
Published: January 2020

Introduction

Fracture dislocations of the ankle are rare injuries with often poor outcomes due to posttraumatic arthritis and instability of the ankle. A concomitant fracture of the posterior malleolus occurs in 7–44% of all ankle fractures.

Aim of the study

To study the outcomes in operated cases of posterior malleolus fractures fixed using percutaneous anteroposterior (AP) screws vs posterior buttress plating and to study which is advantageous.

Materials and methods

Our study was conducted between December 2013 and December 2015. All operated cases of posterior malleolus fractures in trimalleolar fracture dislocations of the ankle joint were included. Polytrauma cases and open injuries were excluded. Among 28 cases, 24 cases were available for final follow-up. The average age was 47.2 years, and road traffic accident was the predominant cause in 80% of the cases. In 9 cases, buttress plating, and in 15 cases, percutaneous AP screws were used as decided by senior surgeon. All cases were followed up at periodic intervals. Mean follow-up is 28.5 months.

Results

Average union time is 14.2 weeks. Ankle fracture scoring system designed by Phillips et al. was used. The outcome is the sum of the clinical score (follow-up), the anatomical score (postoperative), and arthritis score (follow-up). A minimum score is 0, and the maximum score is 150. In posterior plating group, the average score was 128 out of 150. In AP screws group, the average score was 114 out of 150. Improper reduction and articular step were noticed in three cases and developed ankle arthritis in subsequent radiographs. There were no infections in our series.

Conclusion

Posterior plating gave better results due to stable anatomical reduction and by early physiotherapy, while AP screws group had relatively moderate outcome due to articular step off and late arthritic changes.

How to cite this article

Arunkamal C, Dheenadhayalan J, Agraharam D, et al. Posterior Malleolus Fractures in Trimalleolar Fracture Dislocations of the Ankle Fixed with Anteroposterior Screws vs Posterior Plating: A Clinical Outcome Study. J Orth Joint Surg 2019;1(1):11–14.
Distal Tibia Delayed Union with Fibular Shortening Causing Syndesmotic Instability and Anterolateral Impingement
Authors: Cantrell Austin J , Wilson Joshua A , Haleem Amgad , Boydstun Seth
Published: January 2020

Debate continues in the current orthopedic literature regarding advantages of performing concurrent fibular stabilization in combined distal tibial and fibular fractures. In this case report, we present the correction of tibial malalignment, fibular fixation, and syndesmotic restoration in a 21-year-old male after a high-energy injury where he sustained a fracture of the tibia and fibula at the same level that was initially managed with tibial nailing alone. After initially having delayed union, valgus malalignment and resultant syndesmotic pain and instability following the index surgery, he underwent revision surgery resulting in favorable recovery with cessation of his pain and correction of his malalignment.

How to cite this article: Cantrell AJ, Wilson JA, Haleem A, et al. Distal Tibia Delayed Union with Fibular Shortening Causing Syndesmotic Instability and Anterolateral Impingement. J Orth Joint Surg 2019;1(1):31–34.
Professional Development Engagement and Career Satisfaction of Agriscience Teachers
Authors: Easterly III R. G. (Tre) , Myers Brian E.
Published: January 2020

Teachers should possess a set of professional commitments, which includes active participation in professional development that leads to student learning. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between professional development engagement and career satisfaction. This study used a quantitative descriptive correlational research design. A purposive stratified sample of states and a census of teachers in those states were used. The Tailored-Design Method, using multiple points of contact with various modes was used to collect data with minimal survey error. There was a response rate of 72.5% (n = 892). The mean score for the professional development engagement was 118.3 (SD = 13.4; n = 858) on a 150 point scale. Agriscience teachers participated in workshops at a higher rate than any other type of professional development. Levels of implementation varied among types of professional development. The mean score for career satisfaction was 19.9 (SD = 4.4; n = 878) on a 25 point scale. Professional development engagement and career satisfaction had a moderate positive correlation (r = .34). These findings showed a high level of participation in professional development, especially workshops and a high level of career satisfaction. Recommendations for practice and future inquiry are provided.
School-based Agricultural Education Teachers' Perceived Professional Development Needs Associated with Teaching, Classroom Management, and Technical Agriculture
Authors: Smalley Scott W. , Hainline Mark S. , Sands Kelsey
Published: January 2020

Across the nation, there is a large shortage of teachers in several subject areas (Daniel, 2015; Milliard, 2015; Sutcher, Darling-Hammond, & Carver-Thomas, 2016). In agricultural education, many teachers are leaving the profession within the first five years of beginning their teaching careers (Tippens, Ricketts, Morgan, Navaro, & Flanders, 2013). Professional development opportunities for teachers can be utilized to retain teachers in the profession (Touchstone, 2015). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the professional development needs of Iowa school-based agricultural education teachers in the areas of teaching, classroom management, and technical agriculture. Motivating students to learn, teaching in a land laboratory, proper implementation of Individualized Education Program (IEP) for students with disabilities, teaching students decision-making skills, and developing performance-based assessment instruments were the teaching and classroom management items that SBAE teachers expressed the highest perceived levels of professional development needs. The items with the highest perceived training needs were teaching knowledge and skills in biotechnology, integrating current advances in agriculture technology into the curriculum, teaching knowledge and skills in agribusiness, teaching about public issues regarding agriculture, and teaching knowledge and skills in agricultural mechanic. Future research should be conducted to determine what agriculture technology and biotechnology professional development is needed by in-service teachers.
Perceived Factors that Influence the Success of Vertical Transfer Students in Agricultural Education: A Delphi Study
Authors: Howerton Tera , Clemons Christopher A. , Lindner James R.
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument that can be used to identify factors that influence the success of vertical transfer students in agricultural education. The specific objectives of this study were: identify perceived factors that influence the bachelor’s degree attainment of vertical transfer students in agricultural education, and identify trends which impact students’ completion of a bachelor’s degree in agricultural education transfer students. The framework of this study is based on a union of the Schlossberg’s Transition Theory (1981) and Rendón’s Validation Theory (1994). The expert panel consisted of ten participants identified as leaders in post-secondary agriscience education. The findings of this study identified factors that are most influential to the bachelor’s degree attainment of vertical transfer students in agricultural education. Student attendance and preparation for class were indicated as significant factors influencing persistence to graduation. Courses that are designed to be engaging and present real-life applications promote degree completion were found to be of importance to bachelor’s degree completion. Faculty members have a significant role in the successful degree completion of vertical transfer students by developing engaging courses, presenting real-life applications for classroom material, and allowing for meaning relationships to be established with vertical transfer students.
New and Emerging Technologies: teacher Needs, Adoption, Methods, and Student Engagement
Authors: King Loren G. , McKim Aaron J. , Raven Matt R. , Pauley Catlin M.
Published: January 2020

Inclusion of new and emerging technologies within agriculture, food, and natural resources education curricula is essential to empowering learners for future success. In the field of Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources (AFNR) Education, however, scant literature exists exploring teacher adoption of new and emerging technologies within their curriculum. In the absence of such research, AFNR Education is left to wonder if interventions are needed to increase the currency of AFNR curricula. Grounded in Diffusion of Innovations Theory, the current study sought to address this challenge in Michigan by analyzing teacher perceived needs, curricular implementation, teaching methods, and student engagement associated with 15 new and emerging AFNR technologies. Teachers perceived the highest needs related to teaching blockchain technology, unmanned aerial vehicles, and precision agriculture sensors. The most commonly taught technologies were genetic modification, value-added processes, and precision agriculture sensors. Across the 15 technologies, lecture was identified as the most common teaching method. Teachers reported student engagement was higher than average when teaching 11 of the 15 new and emerging technologies. In total, findings indicate clear opportunities to increase coverage of new and emerging AFNR technologies in Michigan. Further, the Diffusion of Innovations Theory offers insights into structuring interventions to increase curricular inclusion.
Importance of SOA formation of α-pinene, limonene and m-cresol comparing day-and night-time radical chemistry
Authors: Mutzel Anke , Zhang Yanli , Böge Olaf , Rodigast Maria , Kolodziejczyk Agata , Wang Xinming , Herrmann Hartmut
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The oxidation of biogenic and anthropogenic compounds leads to the formation of secondary organic aerosol mass (SOA). The present study aims to investigate α-pinene, limonene and m-cresol with regards to their SOA formation potential dependent on relative humidity (RH) under night- (NO3 radicals) and day-time conditions (OH radicals) and the resulting chemical composition. It was found that SOA formation potential of limonene with NO3 significantly exceeds the one of the OH radical reaction, with SOA yields of 15–30 % and 10–21 %, respectively. Additionally, the nocturnal SOA yield was found to be very sensitive towards RH, yielding more SOA under dry conditions. On the contrary, the SOA formation potential of α-pinene with NO3 slightly exceeds that of the OH radical reaction, independent from RH. In average, α-pinene yielded SOA with about 6–7 % from NO3 radicals and 3–4 % from OH radical reaction. Surprisingly, unexpected high SOA yields were found for m-cresol oxidation with OH radicals (3–9 %) with the highest yield under elevated RH (9 %) which is most likely attributed to a higher fraction of 3-methyl-6-nitro-catechol (MNC). While α-pinene and m-cresol SOA was found to be mainly composed of water-soluble compounds, 50–68 % of nocturnal SOA and 22–39 % of daytime limonene SOA is water-insoluble. The fraction of SOA-bound peroxides which originated from α-pinene varied between 2–80 % as a function of RH. Furthermore, SOA from α-pinene revealed pinonic acid as the most important particle-phase constituent under day- and night-time conditions with fraction of 1–4 %. Further compounds detected are norpinonic acid (0.05–1.1 % mass fraction), terpenylic acid (0.1–1.1 % mass fraction), pinic acid (0.1–1.8 % mass fraction) and 3-methyl-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid (0.05–0.5 % mass fraction). All marker compounds showed higher fractions under dry conditions when formed during daytime and almost no RH effect when formed during night.
A double peak in the seasonality of California's photosynthesis as observed from space
Authors: Turner Alexander J. , Köhler Philipp , Magney Troy S. , Frankenberg Christian , Fung Inez , Cohen Ronald C.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) has been shown to be a powerful proxy for photosynthesis and gross primary productivity (GPP).
The recently launched TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) features the required spectral resolution and signal-to-noise ratio to retrieve SIF from space.
Here, we present a downscaling method to obtain 500 m spatial resolution SIF over California.
We report daily values based on a 14 d window.
TROPOMI SIF data show a strong correspondence with daily GPP estimates at AmeriFlux sites across multiple ecosystems in California.
We find a linear relationship between SIF and GPP that is largely invariant across ecosystems with an intercept that is not significantly different from zero.
Measurements of SIF from TROPOMI agree with MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) vegetation indices – the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), enhanced vegetation index (EVI), and near-infrared reflectance of vegetation index (NIRv) – at annual timescales but indicate different temporal dynamics at monthly and daily timescales.
TROPOMI SIF data show a double peak in the seasonality of photosynthesis, a feature that is not present in the MODIS vegetation indices.
The different seasonality in the vegetation indices may be due to a clear-sky bias in the vegetation indices, whereas previous work has shown SIF to have a low sensitivity to clouds and to detect the downregulation of photosynthesis even when plants appear green.
We further decompose the spatiotemporal patterns in the SIF data based on land cover.
The double peak in the seasonality of California's photosynthesis is due to two processes that are out of phase: grasses, chaparral, and oak savanna ecosystems show an April maximum, while evergreen forests peak in June.
An empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis corroborates the phase offset and spatial patterns driving the double peak.
The EOF analysis further indicates that two spatiotemporal patterns explain 84 % of the variability in the SIF data.
Results shown here are promising for obtaining global GPP at sub-kilometer spatial scales and identifying the processes driving carbon uptake.
The impact of intertidal areas on the carbonate system of the southern North Sea
Authors: Schwichtenberg Fabian , Pätsch Johannes , Böttcher Michael Ernst , Thomas Helmuth , Winde Vera , Emeis Kay-Christian
Published: January 2020

Abstract. The coastal ocean is strongly affected by ocean acidification because it is shallow and has a low volume. Earlier observations of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and total alkalinity (TA) in the southern part of the North Sea and the German Bight, a Northwest-European shelf sea, have revealed lower acidification effects than expected. It has been assumed that anaerobic degradation and subsequent TA release in the adjacent tidal areas (Wadden Sea) in summer time is responsible for this phenomenon. In this study the exchange rates of TA and DIC between the Wadden Sea and the North Sea and the consequences for the carbonate system in the German Bight are estimated using a 3-D ecosystem model. Observed TA and DIC sources in the Wadden Sea were considered as boundary conditions. This procedure is based on the dynamic behaviour of the Wadden Sea as an area of effective production and decomposition of organic material. In addition, modelled tidal water mass exchange was used to transport material between the open North Sea and the Wadden Sea. In the model, 39 Gmol TA yr−1 were exported from the Wadden Sea into the North Sea, which is lower than a previous estimate, but within a comparable range. Furthermore, the interannual variabilities of TA and DIC concentrations, which were mainly driven by hydrodynamic conditions, were examined for the years 2001–2009. Variability in the carbonate system of the German Bight is related to weather in that the occurrence of weak meteorological blocking situations leads to enhanced accumulation of TA there. The results suggest that the Wadden Sea is an important driver of the carbonate system variability in the southern North Sea. According to the model results, on average 63 % of all TA mass changes in the German Bight were caused by net transport, 25 % by Wadden Sea export, 9 % were caused by the internal production of TA and 3 % caused by effective TA river loads (i.e. river load including freshwater dilution). The ratio of exported TA and DIC reflects the dominant underlying biogeochemical processes in the different Wadden Sea areas. Aerobic degradation of organic matter plays a key role in the North Frisian Wadden Sea during all seasons of the year. In the East Frisian Wadden Sea anaerobic degradation of organic matter dominated.
A global mean sea-surface temperature dataset for the Last Interglacial (129–116 kyr) and contribution of thermal expansion to sea-level change
Authors: Turney Chris S. M. , Jones Richard , McKay Nicholas P. , van Sebille Erik , Thomas Zoë A. , Hillenbrand Claus-Dieter , Fogwill Christopher J.
Published: January 2020

Abstract. A valuable analogue for assessing Earth’s sensitivity to warming is the Last Interglacial (LIG; 129–116 kyr), when global temperatures (0−+2 °C) and mean sea level (+6–11 m) were higher than today. The direct contribution of warmer conditions to global sea level (thermosteric) are uncertain. We report here a global network of LIG sea surface temperatures (SST) obtained from various published temperature proxies (e.g. faunal/floral assemblages, Mg/Ca ratios of calcareous plankton, alkenone UK’37). Each reconstruction is averaged across the LIG (anomalies relative to 1981–2010), corrected for ocean drift and with varying seasonality (189 annual, 99 December-February, and 92 June–August records). We summarise the current limitations of SST reconstructions for the LIG and the spatial temperature features of a naturally warmer world. Because of local δ18O seawater changes, uncertainty in the age models of marine cores, and differences in sampling resolution and/or sedimentation rates, the reconstructions are restricted to mean conditions. To avoid bias towards individual LIG SSTs based on only a single (and potentially erroneous) measurement or a single interpolated data point, here we average across the entire LIG. To investigate the sensitivity of the reconstruction to high temperatures, we also report maximum values during the first 5 ka of the LIG (129–124 kyr). The global dataset provides a remarkably coherent pattern of higher SST increases at polar latitudes than in the tropics, with comparable estimates between different SST proxies. We report mean global annual SST anomalies of 0.2 ± 0.1 °C and a maximum of 0.9 ± 0.2 °C respectively. Using the reconstructed SSTs suggests a mean thermosteric sea level rise of 0.01 ± 0.1 m and a maximum of 0.13 ± 0.1 m respectively. The data provide an important natural baseline for a warmer world, constraining the contributions of Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets to global sea level during a geographically widespread expression of high sea level, and can be used to test the next inter-comparison of models for projecting future climate change. The dataset described in this paper, including summary temperature and thermosteric sea-level reconstructions, are available at https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.904381 (Turney et al., 2019).
Turbulent kinetic energy over large offshore wind farms observed and simulated by the mesoscale model WRF (3.8.1)
Authors: Siedersleben Simon K. , Platis Andreas , Lundquist Julie K. , Djath Bughsin , Lampert Astrid , Bärfuss Konrad , Cañadillas Beatriz , Schulz-Stellenfleth Johannes , Bange Jens , Neumann Tom , Emeis Stefan
Published: January 2020

Abstract. Wind farms affect local weather and microclimates;
hence, parameterizations of their effects have been developed for numerical weather prediction models.
While most wind farm parameterizations (WFPs) include drag effects of wind farms, models differ on whether or not an additional
turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) source should be included in these
parameterizations to simulate the impact of wind farms on the boundary layer.
Therefore, we use aircraft measurements above large offshore wind farms in stable conditions to evaluate
WFP choices. Of the three case studies we examine, we find the simulated ambient background
flow to agree with observations of temperature stratification and winds. This agreement allows us to
explore the sensitivity of simulated wind farm effects with respect to modeling choices
such as whether or not to include a TKE source, horizontal resolution, vertical resolution
and advection of TKE. For a stably stratified marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL), a TKE source and a horizontal resolution
on the order of 5 km or finer are necessary to represent the impact of offshore wind farms on the MABL.
Additionally, TKE advection results in excessively reduced TKE over the wind farms, which in turn causes
an underestimation of the wind speed deficit above the wind farm. Furthermore, using fine vertical
resolution increases the agreement of the simulated wind speed with satellite observations of surface wind speed.
Impact of financial constraints on the development of Vietnam’s firms
Authors: Viet Hung Nguyen , Quynh Hoa Ha
Published: January 2020

This paper examines the impact of financial constraints on the development of Vietnamese firms driven by Total Factor Productivity (TFP) growth at the firm level. The effects of financial constraints by FCIf index on TFP growth of 97,860 firms are estimated by applying Dynamic Panel Data model over the period 2012-2017. The results show that there was a negative correlation between FCIf and labor productivity growth and TFP growth in all industries. While FCIf index is increased by 0.1, TFP growth of firms is reduced by 3.71%. The results also show that there was an inverse relationship between FCIf index, and the size of value added and assets of firms. Firms operating in manufacturing, wholesale and retail trade, and private firms face the biggest financial constraints.
Human Capital and its Effect on Achieving Competitive Advantage: From the perspectives of Academic Leaders in the Jordanian Private Universities in the Northern Region
Authors: Albourini Faisal
Published: January 2020

The study is aimed to identifying the Human Capital and its Effect on Achieving Competitive Advantage: From the perspectives of Academic Leaders in the Jordanian Private Universities in the Northern Region. Questionnaire was developed to collect data, in which distributed to a sample of 222 persons. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Study found a range of results which highlighted by There is a statistically significant impact of human capital on achieving competitive advantage in private universities in the Northern Region. The study recommended Private Universities must use their resources to achieve growth and continuity by providing an appropriate regulatory environment and an interactive work environment that helps link knowledge and expertise.
Campo de batalla de la filosofía: atomismo lacaniano y la apuesta en torno al objeto a
Authors: Reyes Lozano Claudio
Published: January 2020

¿En qué momento surge el vacío en la filosofía? ¿Cuándo emerge como un objeto filosófico digno de reflexión? Bajo el telón de fondo de estas preguntas propongo una tesis inicial para comenzar este trabajo: en el principio, quizás ahora también, la filosofía intentó liberarse del problema del vacío. La afirmación filosófica es una afirmación política que da cuenta de un campo de batalla: el ser es un arma que se debe usar contra un enemigo insondable. El logos, como instrumento fundamental en esta batalla, debe ser afirmado constantemente para que no caiga en la trampa de la negatividad. El problema del clinamen es indicativo de esta batalla respecto al vacío, el ser y el materialismo: Hegel hablaba despreciativamente de él; por otro lado, Deleuze realizó una formulación formidable apoyado en la causa atomista de Lucrecio explicitando una política materialista. Por último, con Lacan observamos el invento de Demócrito del den: esta produce un nuevo objeto que, sin embargo, yace materialistamente bajo desde los albores de la filosofía. Este es quizás el lugar que puede ocupar el psicoanálisis en la discusión materialista: mostrar aquel objeto, objeto a, como nueva herramienta en la batalla.
Ángulo iridocorneal y cristalino en glaucoma por ángulo cerrado
Authors: Hernandez Romero Rene Arturo
Published: January 2020

Introducción. El glaucoma de ángulo cerrado es una causa importante de ceguera que incrementa con la edad y que afecta principalmente a las mujeres. Este problema es la primera causa de discapacidad visual no reversible en El Salvador.Objetivo. Caracterizar clínica y morfológicamente el ángulo iridocorneal y cristalino en glaucoma por ángulo cerrado en pacientes atendidos entre mayo y julio de 2018 en el Hospital Nacional Rosales. Metodología. Estudio transversal descriptivo que incluyó a pacientes diagnosticados por primera vez con glaucoma en el Hospital Nacional Rosales, entre mayo y julio de 2018. En total, se incluyeron a 22 pacientes. Resultados. El 77.0% son mujeres entre 51 y 60 años. La agudeza visual se encontró reducida en más del 90.0%. La mayoría de personas presenta una presión intraocular de 30 mmHg. La profundidad de la cámara anterior en la mayoría de los pacientes se encuentra disminuida. La mayoría tienen ángulo cerrado con aumento del diámetro y del espesor del cristalino. Conclusión. El glaucoma de ángulo cerrado fue más frecuente en mujeres, de mayor rango de edad y con cambios característicos en la morfología de la cámara anterior del ojo e incremento de la presión intraocular.
An Alternative Approach in Constructivist Mentoring for Textual Analysis in Turkish Courses
Authors: ÜNVEREN Dilek , KARAKUŞ Gülreyhan
Published: January 2020

This article grounds on Jean Piaget’s cognitive development theory, particularly aiming to provide a leading approach in Turkish language classes by focusing on children’s learning process. In Turkey, Piaget’s theory is applied in Turkish language curricula since 2005. Language classes play a fundamental role in improving cognitive skills positively, affecting the overall success of students in cognitive ability evaluation tests. This article is based upon Piaget’s cognitive development theory being an effective learning system for improving critical thinking and personal development skills. It proposes a realist approach to systemize textual analysis in language classes in order to increase academic success, as well as leaving space for individuality and creativity for learners by enhancing the power of analytical thinking and using interdisciplinary links to enhance knowledge. In light of this aim, the article analyses four rudiment text pillars - ‘time, plot, setting, and character’ to provide a systematic representation for the connection and interaction between these pillars in order to build an alternative constructivist method for language classes.
MUSLIM “MINORITY” OR “MAJORITY” IN EUROPE
Authors: DREMBKOWSKI Paweł
Published: January 2020

Europeans, despite propagating the combination of diversities and the preservation of cultural identity, are becoming more and more hostile to the new migration and the foreigners seeking asylum. Are we Europeans heading towards a bloody confrontation between the Islamic world and the Western world? Euphoria because of new, multicultural Europe cannot deceive us as to the fact that Europe is still very confusing. Europe is the mosaic of cultures. The world around us is subject to constant evolution, constant change, and we are witnessing the demographics of the world. World culture that our grandchildren will inherit will be completely different from that of today.
RELIGIOUS FACTOR IN ETHNIC CONFLICTS AS SHOWN IN CHINA-UIGHUR CONFLICT
Authors: SZYSZLAK Tomasz
Published: January 2020

The article is built around the thesis that the religious factor plays an important role in ethnic conflicts. This thesis is confronted with the reality with the example of the conflict between Han Chinese and Uighurs. The former are the titular nation's most populous country in the world, the latter, in turn, is one of China's largest minority, totally different from the Han. Uighurs speak Turkic languages, related to the Turks in Asia Minor and the majority of post-Soviet Central Asian nations, professing Islam, living in the north-western region of the country, while the Han are concentrated in the east. Uighurs against Chinese authorities maintain discriminatory policy, which is challenged by them by the instances of armed and terrorist activities.
WAR AND MILITARY DOCTRINE IN THE YEARS 1921-1939
Authors: PILŻYS Jan
Published: January 2020

Theoretical military thought from the interwar period pointed towards the issues of war and war doctrines many times. The views of the nature of future war developed in the context of real conditions, formed after World War I. Many interpretations of war and military doctrine were developed, including their objectives. The main goal was to leave the idea of positional warfare. It has been suggested that future war would be maneuvering, coalitional and total.Among military theorists, and not only, the opinion prevailed that the effectiveness of military doctrine, and also the effectiveness of war, will depend on the organization of armed forces. This means the principles and methods to change the forms of living and material forces of the nation into national defense. The war was not anymore among the armed forces but it became the war of the nations. It was important to find ways and methods to defend the nation, using not only armed forces, but also all the areas of life of the nation. It would mainly depend on the co-operation between civilian and military authorities.
KNIGHT EDUCATION IN MIDDLE AGES – PART ONE
Authors: MARKOWSKI Szymon
Published: January 2020

The article presents the process of education of noble youths. It characterizes the area of activity of social groups, its aims, tasks and historical circumstances. It is also an attempt at refuting the stereotypes of knowledge related to the Middle Ages. From the pedagogical perspective, it is an analysis of the historical re-enactment phenomenon. The author focusing on historical premises specifies only the sources of re-enactment for the contemporary continuators of knight traditions: re-enactors.
SOME INCONSISTENCES OF MORE'S CONCEPT OF WAR AND PEACE
Authors: GRABIŃSKA Teresa
Published: January 2020

The article presents the views of Thomas More on war and peace. It analyses the status of war in Utopia with regard to More's indication on peace as the law of nature. Two inconsistences of More's concept are found and called as the following: the peace inconsistency and the non-monetary exchange inconsistency. They are related to each other. The reality of both inconsistences is discussed in the light of the Christian and utilitarian ethics and political practice.
NEGOTIATIONS IN PEACE SUPPORT OPERATIONS IN IRAQ AND AFGHANISTAN – RESEARCH RESULTS
Authors: GWIAZDA-RZEPECKA Brygida
Published: January 2020

Negotiation has become one of the most socially effective methods of solving conflicts. The aim of this article is to present the results of research on negotiations in peace support operations in Iraq and Afghanistan. There have been five negotiating styles discussed as their role appears to be crucial in the negotiation process. Some conclusions on conducting negotiations have been elaborated as well.
Rozmowy w kawiarni. O fenomenie egzystencjalizmu
Authors: Błaszczyk Marek
Published: January 2020

Artykuł jest krytycznym omówieniem pracy Sarah Bakewell At The Existentialist Café. Koktajle Freedom, Being and Apricot (polska wersja: Kawiarnia egzystencjalistów. Wolność, bycie i koktajle morelowe, tłum. A. Paszkowska, Wydawnictwo Krytyki Politycznej, Warszawa 2018). Celem jest, po pierwsze, przedstawienie podstawowych tez opisanych przez autora; a po drugie – zapraszanie do refleksji nad fenomenem egzystencjalizmu, jego problematyką i znaczeniem we współczesnej myśli filozoficznej.
Kilka zapomnianych ekspresywnych nazw strażników więziennych. (Nie)oczywista proweniencja
Authors: Pacuła Jarosław
Published: January 2020

Autor omawia kilka wyrażeń określających figurę strażnika. Materiał leksykalny pochodzi z polskich studiów historycznych z XIX i początku XX wieku. Autor przedstawia pochodzenie niektórych ekspresjonizmów, analizuje mniej znane i zapomniane nazwy strażników więziennych: tj. kozula, stary, żołdak, żebrak, socha, krzyżak, dziad, cieć, kamfuła, straguła. Tekst ma w zamiarze autora prowokować do debaty w niektórych kwestiach.
Artykuł sponsorowany w internecie
Authors: Wyrwas Katarzyna
Published: January 2020

Artykuł zawiera opis gatunku reklamowego, jakim jest artykuł sponsorowany publikowany na stronach internetowych. Advertorial to duża rozmiarowo reklama zaprojektowana tak, aby wyglądała jak materiał redakcyjny. Autor wymienia i analizuje elementy strukturalne i słownictwo tego typu tekstów, ukazując elementy nadające im charakter perswazyjny.
Interdyscyplinarny charakter pracy tłumacza na przykładzie przekładu neologizmów wykreowanych przez globalny kryzys finansowy XXI wieku
Authors: Szczygłowska Tatiana
Published: January 2020

Celem jest omówienie interdyscyplinarnego charakteru pracy tłumacza na podstawie przykładów angielskich neologizmów i ich polskich odpowiedników, pochodzących z dwóch książek o kryzysie gospodarczym 2007/08. Innowacyjny charakter nowej leksyki sprawia, że tłumacz zaangażowany w proces tłumaczenia musi zintegrować umiejętności, narzędzia i osiągnięcia z wielu różnych dziedzin nauki, aby stworzyć przekaz docelowy, który możliwie najdokładniej wyraziłby zamierzone znaczenie. Aby pokazać wielość, z których tłumacz podchodzi do tłumaczenia neologizmów ekonomicznych, analizę przeprowadza się na dwóch poziomach. Podkreśla się przy tym, że w odniesieniu do tekstu źródłowego należy zwrócić uwagę na identyfikację zarówno neologizmów, jak i mechanizmów językowych zaangażowanych w ich tworzenie. W odniesieniu do tekstu docelowego przeprowadzono kontrastowe badanie neologizmów angielskich i ich polskich odpowiedników, a także analizę translatologiczną mającą na celu ustalenie zastosowanej procedury tłumaczenia i określenie, w jakim stopniu pozwoliła ona zachować innowacyjny charakter pierwowzoru.
Determinate and Indeterminate Motion Verbs in Polish Expressions Contrasted to Translatable English Versions
Authors: Chłopek Dorota
Published: January 2020

The main objective of this paper is to juxtapose selected Polish motion verbs, which are either used as Determinate or as Indeterminate forms, and signal contrasts between Polish and English in terms of the type of presented Motion Event, i.e. the schematic Manner, and the schematic Path. The paper has a descriptive character, aiming to signal potential problems in translating into English Polish discourse with the same verb occurring in its Determinate and Indeterminate forms. It attempts to demonstrate possible alterations in the English versions regarding grammatical aspects, lexical aspects, and also the semantics of the Indeterminate verbs which are sometimes perfective, and the Determinate verbs which are sometimes imperfective, despite the satellite elements.
The collocations of modern Polish: the case of kolaborować [to collaborate] and ambasador [an ambassador]
Authors: Kłosek Gabriela , Wąsińska Kinga
Published: January 2020

The aim of the article was to confirm whether or not the modification of words meaning is associated with their collocations. Based on the analysis performed on the collocation of the verb kolaborować [to collaborate] and the noun ambasador [an ambassador] we proved the existence of the aforementioned correlation. The language material for research was collected using PELCRA search engine for Narodowy Korpus Języka Polskiego [The National Corpus of Polish] and Monco PL searching tool for web sides. The analysis of the authentic examples of word combinations reveals the relation between node terms and their collocates. The article listed the word pairs whom recurrence has high co-occurrence frequency. In the case of the verb kolaborować, excerpt collocations refer to the negative contexts associated with cooperation with the enemy and neutral about the cooperation of people and companies. The contexts of the noun ambasador are related to the work of a diplomatic representative to a foreign country, an action spokesperson or a brand ambassador. Our research indicated that collocations are not accidental or arbitrary. It has been also noted that collocations study are a valuable starting point for linguistic analyses.
CUIDADOS NA ADMINISTRAÇÃO DE MEDICAMENTOS POR SONDA ENTERAL
Authors: Almeida Camila Montini de , Genaro Sandra Cristina
Published: January 2020

The objective of this study was to discuss the use of drugs in patients submitted to enteral nutritional therapy. The study had a cross-sectional, observational design of a quantitative nature, in which 30 patients of both sexes, older than 18 years, were admitted to the emergency room of a public hospital in a city in the interior of São Paulo, who were using Nutritional Therapy Enteral, with drugs prescribed by the tube. In the results it was verified that of the total of drugs that were used, 42.85% presented some type of interaction with the nutrients of the diet, being 87.5% of negative interactions; 12.5% of positive interactions and 7.14% did not find any type of interaction. In conclusion, it was observed that there are numerous situations that cancause interactions between the prescribed drugs and the enteral diet, leading to nutritional and drug deficiencies, reducing the effectiveness of both, contributing to depletion of the patient's nutritional state and hindering its recovery.
ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA DOS FATORES DE VIRULÊNCIA DOS ISOLADOS CLÍNICOS E AMBIENTAIS DE PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA
Authors: Souza Isabela  Alves de , Garcia Doroti de  Oliveira , Anversa Laís , Kobayashi Renata  Katsuko  Takayama , Nakazato Gerson , Saek Erika Kushikawa
Published: January 2020

Pseudomonas aeruginosais a very important bacteria for public health because it is present in the environment and clinical infections. The aim of this study was toevaluate the virulence factors such as motility, protease and rhamnolipids in clinical and environmental P. aeruginosaisolates.Twenty-five clinical isolates and ten environmental isolates were analyzed by phenotypic assays and categorized into non-mobile, weakly, moderately and highly mobile strains; and producers of protease and rhamnolipids. The isolates were tested in triplicate on three different days. Environmental isolates produced virulence factors such as motility (Swimming and Twitching), and Ramnolipids significantly higher than clinical isolates.This study alerts us to the high level of pathogenicity of P. aeruginosastrains, mainly environmental strains. For a better understanding of motility and rhamnolipids, virulence factors that are directly associated with the biofilms formation, may favor studies that complement the research aimed at the control of pathogenic bacteria.
CONHECIMENTO DOS ACADÊMICOS DE ENFERMAGEM SOBRE A TÉCNICA EM CATETERISMO VESICAL
Authors: Orosco Simone Shirasaki , Silva Crisitiane Gracielle da , Almeida Thatiana Killian de
Published: January 2020

The objective ofthis study was to identify nursing students' knowledge about long-term bladder catheterization. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional research with a quantitative approach. An instrument with multiple choice questions was applied to graduates of a university in the interior of São Paulo. The sample consisted of 81 students from the seventh term, most of them female, 20 to 30 years old, night students, singles, family income of 1 to 4 minimum salaries, no training and no experience in the area of nursing. The questions that presented the highest percentage of correct answers were the materials needed for the procedure (93.8%), a step that is not part of the end of the technique (87.7%) and part of the catheterization process (76.5%). It is concluded that most of the students have knowledge about the technique, since in most of the questions more than 50%of the group pointed out the correct alternative.
Arbeitsintensität und Arbeitsintensivierung
Authors: Kratzer Nick
Published: January 2020

Angesichts eines hohen und weiter steigenden Niveaus psychischer Anforderungen gilt Arbeitsintensität als Schlüsseldimension für Arbeitsforschung sowie Arbeitspolitik und Arbeitsintensivierung als wesentlicher Trend der gegenwärtigen Entwicklung von Arbeit. Der Beitrag geht deshalb zwei Fragen nach: Wie lässt sich Arbeitsintensität erfassen, vielleicht sogar messen? Dazu vergleicht der Autor verschiedene Analyseansätze und plädiert im Ergebnis für eine Kombination aus quantitativen Befragungen und qualitativen Tätigkeitsanalysen. Die zweite Frage stellt die These von der zunehmenden Arbeitsintensität als Gegenwartstrend auf den Prüfstand. Der Autor argumentiert dazu, dass nicht die Arbeitsintensivierung an sich neu sei, es gebe aber – im Zusammenhang mit Trends wie der Digitalisierung, dem Wandel in der Leistungspolitik und der Subjektivierung – durchaus neue Instrumente, Formen und Akteure. Daher spreche viel dafür, die Analyse der (Entwicklung von) Arbeitsintensität mit der Analyse der betrieblichen Leistungssteuerung zu verknüpfen.
Entwicklung, Herausforderungen und Perspektiven der Leistungsregulierung
Authors: Haipeter Thomas
Published: January 2020

Der traditionelle tayloristische Leistungskompromiss ist in einer tiefen Krise. Er beruhte auf der gesetzlich und tariflich gerahmten Festlegung von Leistungsstandards – einer gesundheits- und alternsgerechten Normalleistung – in den Leistungslohnbereichen der Großunternehmen. Heute jedoch erodiert dieser Leistungskompromiss zunehmend. Der Beitrag argumentiert, dass dafür neue Rationalisierungskonzepte und die Krise des Leistungslohns in den Produktionsbereichen verantwortlich seien, auch und vor allem die Ausweitung der Angestellten- und Dienstleistungsarbeit und ihre Veränderung durch neue Steuerungsformen. Zugleich lassen sich neue Ansätze der Interessenvertretungspolitik von Gewerkschaften und Betriebsräten beobachten, mit denen auch ein neuer Anlauf in der Leistungspolitik möglich sein könnte. Dabei plädiert der Autor dafür, eine erneuerte Leistungspolitik beteiligungsorientiert und in enger Verzahnung von Gewerkschaften und Betriebsräten zu gestalten. Dafür müssten die Interessenvertretungen die Leistungspolitik aber weit stärker als bisher in den Fokus nehmen und sich das Ziel setzen, Einfluss auf die Personalbemessung zu nehmen.