bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE MULTILINGUAL BRAIN: UNVEILING COGNITIVE AND NEURAL DYNAMICS IN LANGUAGE LEARNING
Authors:   University Center of Barika, Algeria, Samia Ilhem NOUADRI
Published: January 2025

In today's world, where multilingualism has become the norm and monolinguals are in the minority, academic research has been slow to adapt to this reality. This phenomenon, which highlights the human brain's ability to master multiple languages whether it be the native language (L1), a second language (L2), or even a third language (L3) calls for a reevaluation of traditional paradigms. This study aims to challenge conventional approaches in cognitive linguistics, particularly those related to language acquisition, language choice, and the underlying cerebral processes. The research questions addressed include: how individuals navigate between multiple languages in various cognitive and social contexts, and what are the implications for our understanding of human cognitive abilities? The methodology employed combines experimental analyses using brain imaging, psycholinguistic testing, and sociolinguistic surveys of multilingual speakers. The findings reveal that bilingualism and multilingualism not only enhance cognitive flexibility but also improve problem-solving abilities and adaptability in multicultural environments. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that multilingualism is not merely the acquisition of multiple linguistic systems, but a complex phenomenon that impacts cognition, social interactions, and brain structures. By redefining our understanding of cognitive and linguistic processes, this research proposes new paradigms for studying language in a globalized context.
UNVEILING POWER DYNAMICS IN AI-ENABLED EDUCATION: A FOUCAULDIAN PERSPECTIVE
Authors:   University of South Africa, South Africa, Khanyisile TWABU
Published: January 2025

This paper explores the complex interplay between artificial intelligence (AI) and education through Michel Foucault's governmentality theory. It investigates how AI affects power dynamics, knowledge dissemination, surveillance, and individual agency in educational contexts. By applying Foucault's concepts of biopower, disciplinary power, and control, the paper uncovers the intricacies of AI in learning environments. It stresses the importance of ethical governance, critical reflection, and responsible decision-making in utilising AI for education. The analysis highlights the need to understand AI's influence on knowledge formation, educational hierarchies, and student experiences. It examines surveillance in AI-powered education, revealing control and regulation nuances. The paper emphasises addressing power imbalances, ensuring privacy, and promoting transparency in AI-driven education. It contributes to discussions on technology's ethical and practical implications in education, calling for strategies that prioritise student well-being, equity, and empowerment as technology evolves.
LA BIOGRAPHIE LANGAGIÈRE COMME MIROIR DES REPRÉSENTATIONS SOCIALES : CAS DES ÉTUDIANTS ARABOPHONES/LANGUAGE BIOGRAPHY AS A MIRROR OF SOCIAL REPRESENTATIONS: THE CASE OF ARABIC-SPEAKING STUDENTS
Authors:   Sorbonne University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, Fatima Zahra BOUTHIBA
Published: January 2025

This contribution aims to explore how the linguistic biographies of Arabic-speaking students influence their perceptions of France, the French language, and its culture within an educational framework. Considering the learner as an individual with representations requires an awareness of their linguistic biography within their micro-community. We will focus specifically on the Arabic-speaking students at Sorbonne University Abu Dhabi and the impact of their backgrounds on the construction of their linguistic and cultural representations.
After an introduction to this concept and a sociolinguistic overview of the Emirates, we will present a detailed analysis of a questionnaire aimed at identifying the sources of these representations. By employing a mixed methodology that combines the study of linguistic biographies and word association tests (Zarate), this article will shed light on the influence of the educational and sociocultural environment on the formation of these representations.
ONLINE PLATFORMS – IMPACT AND IMPORTANCE IN STUDENT LEARNING
Authors:   , University of Craiova, Romania, Mihaela Aurelia ŞTEFAN
Published: January 2025

The development of digital technologies has had a profound impact on society, the economy and everyday life in recent decades. The role of technology in education is becoming more and more important. As technology continues to advance, educators are finding new ways to use it to promote engagement, collaboration, assessment, and personalized learning experiences for students of all ages. In today's context, both teachers and students need to be prepared to face technological challenges.
The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of online platforms on the academic learning process.
The results demonstrate that online courses and platforms are a practical and effective solution for teaching activities, helping students to improve their skills and adapt to modern educational requirements. However, if they have to choose between traditional teaching and online teaching, students prefer face-to-face teaching.
Transcranial direct current stimulation on attention cognitive function in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Authors: Bonilla Vasconcelos Luz Elena , Figueroa Vera Rodrigo , Díaz-Castro Lina , Carbello-Rangel Héctor
Published: January 2025

Objective

To evaluate the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) as an adjunct to standard treatment on attention in adults with ADHD.

Methods

This randomized, single-blind, longitudinal study used the d2 Test of Attention (assessing total score, concentration, and variance) and the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) to determine the clinical profile. Bilateral tDCS was applied to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for 15 sessions. Attention performance was measured at baseline and post-treatment. Statistical analyses included Student’s t-test or Mann-Whitney U test, with p<0.05 considered significant.

Results

In the intervention group, significant improvements were observed in the d2 total scores (p<0.01), variance (p=0.02), and concentration (p=0.052). No significant changes occurred in the control group.

Conclusion

tDCS is a safe and effective adjunct treatment that enhances attention in adults with ADHD.
Genetic parameters for birth and weaning weight in a herd of Mediterranean buffaloes under tropical conditions
Authors: Cárdenas Iván A. , Chacón Miguel A.
Published: January 2025

The objectives of the present study were to estimate variance components and genetic parameters for birth weight (BW) and weaning weight (WW). The data comes from Mediterranean buffalo calves born during the period from August 2003 to December 2021 on the Livestock Farm “Hacienda Caño Negro”, located near the population of Santa Barbara del Zulia, Venezuela. A total of 2225 records collected for BW and WW were included in the analysis. Variance components and genetic parameters were estimated by REML using the MTDFREML program, applying a bivariate animal model that includes direct, maternal, and permanent maternal effects. The population average BW of Buffalo calves was 42.7±0.1 kg, whereas for males, 43.9±0.2 and for females, 41.7±0.2 kg. The population average for WW was 174.5+0.9 kg. According to sex, the WW parameters were 178.5±1.3 kg and 170.5±1.1 kg in males and females, respectively. The direct heritability estimates were 0.03 and 0.23 for BW and WW, respectively, whereas maternal heritability values were 0.78 for BW and 0.24 for WW. The estimated total heritability for both characters was 0.23 (BW) and 0.32 (WW). The genetic correlation  between BW and WW was 0.57, while the maternal genetic correlation for BW and WW was 0.01. The results indicated moderate total heritability value for BW and WW; further analysis is needed to estimate the genetic parameters, perhaps including other breed herds.
Phenotypic characteristics of indigenous dairy buffaloes of Bangladesh
Authors: Faruque Md O. , Omar Abdullah I. , Zhang Y. , T. Raju Md Mohsin , Hossain Sahed
Published: January 2025

The utility of buffalo in Bangladesh has shifted from draught to dairy. People of Bangladesh are now aware of outstanding food value of buffalo milk and meat. However, the market share of buffalo milk and meat is very low compared to cattle milk and meat as evidence from the number of buffalo and cattle. Bangladesh possesses 0.64 million buffaloes and 295 million cattle. Dairy buffalo of the country has no recognized breed and is indigenous river type. In absence of animal identification and recording system, actual lactation period and yield of dairy buffalo is unknown. This study was, therefore, done to find out actual lactation period and yield as well calving interval of indigenous dairy buffaloes in Bangladesh based on animal recording. 384 indigenous dairy buffaloes having 3 rd and 4th parity in 7 herds managed under traditional system in two agro-ecological zones covering 4 seasons was subjected to this study. All the cows and calves were ear tagged, date of calving and milk yield was recorded following International Committee for Animal Recording (ICAR) (2017). The actual lactation period, actual lactation yield and calving interval were found out from the record. 300-day lactation yield was calculated after ICAR (2017). Data was analyzed after R statistics to find out the differences among various effects on production. The actual lactation period and actual lactation yield were 267.28±0.68 days and 749.36 ±15.08 kg, respectively whereas 300-day lactation yield was 766.92±15.32 kg. The minimum, maximum and average dry period were 74 days, 303 days and 185+2.55 days. The minimum, maximum and average calving interval were 369 days, 547 days and 453+5.64 days. Lactation period, lactation yield and calving interval were affected significantly by genotype, herd, season and agro-ecological zone. The results indicate that there is wide variation in lactation period, lactation yield and calving interval. This property can be utilized in practicing selective breeding for genetic improvement of indigenous dairy buffaloes in Bangladesh.
Present status of buffalo breeding in Bangladesh
Authors: Faruque Md O. , Zhang Yi , Omar Abdullah I. , Amano Takashi
Published: January 2025

Bangladesh possesses 0.64 million buffaloes. Genetic studies conducted by various scientists during the last 30 years indicate that these buffaloes are indigenous in nature and river type, except the buffaloes of the northeastern part of the country, which are swamp type. The milk yield and body weight of indigenous buffaloes are lower than those of recognized buffalo breeds. The body of adult buffalo ranges from 250 kg to 450 kg. There are approximately 12000 milking buffaloes. The milk yield of dairy buffaloes was 550 kg in 374 days. The outstanding food value of buffalo milk and meat is now well-recognized in the country. The government has come forward with private enterprises for the genetic improvement of indigenous dairy buffaloes of Bangladesh. The present buffalo breeding policy allows the maintenance of yielding buffalo breeds, viz., Murrah/Nili-Ravi/ Italian Mediterranean buffalo under an intensive management system and 50% X Murrah/Nili-Ravi/Italian Mediterranean buffalo under a semi-intensive or extensive management system. Inter se mating programs involving outcrossing will be practiced in both systems. Three nucleus herds with pure 281 Murrah buffaloes have been set in three government farms. Four more government buffalo farms with pure Murrah buffalo are being set. These farms will supply pure Murrah buffalo heifers to the dairy farmers who will maintain dairy buffaloes under an intensive management system. Department of Livestock Services, Bangladesh, and three private enterprises have been conducting an artificial system to produce 50% crossbred buffaloes since 2019. So far, four buffalo bull stations have been set to produce frozen semen in the country. Semen of 100% Murrah buffalo/Italian Mediterranean buffalo is being used for artificial insemination. So far, 16500 buffalo cows have been inseminated artificially. The conception rate is 38%, and 1855 crossbred progeny have been produced since June 2023. No crossbred has come to production yet. Animal identification and animal recording systems have been introduced at the farm and farmer levels to implement the Inter se mating program for the genetic improvement of dairy buffaloes.
Ottoman and Turkish Theatre and Performance Historiography: Established Trends, New Approaches
Authors: Yıldırım Şeyda Nur , Dicle Esra , Cankara Murat , Çinar İlyas Deniz , Altinay Rüstem Ertuğ
Published: January 2025

Despite their rich and politically significant theater and performance cultures, the Ottoman Empire and Turkey have not received the scholarly interest they deserve. Motivated by the recent scholarship in the field, this Symposium presents a critical discussion on the trends and emerging approaches in Ottoman and Turkish theater and performance historiography. As they study canonical works and emerging voices in the field, the authors analyze historiography as a field of vibrant contestation. The Symposium consists of four essays: a broader discussion on the politics of theater historiography on Turkey and the Ottoman Empire, followed by studies on historiographical approaches to Turkey’s Armenian, Jewish, and queer theater and performance cultures. As the most comprehensive critical study on the subject, the Symposium serves as a reference volume for scholars working on Ottoman and Turkish theater and performance, and contribute to broader theoretical and methodological debates.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Learning Tipe STAD untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar PKn di Kelas IV SD Inpres Saluttowa
Authors: Ummul Mustazifa. P  , Abdul Aziz  , Try Gustaf Said
Published: January 2025

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh  penerapan penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif learning tipe STAD dalam meningkatkan minat belajar dan hasil belajar PKn pada peserta didik kelas IV di SD Inpres Saluttowa. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (Action Research Classroom) yang terdiri dari dua siklus dan setiap siklus dilaksanakan sebanyak tiga kali pertemuan. Prosedur penelitian meliputi perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi, serta refleksi. Subjek dalam penelitian ini yaitu peserta didik kelas IV SD Inpres Saluttowa dengan jumlah 23 orang. Adapun hasil yang diperoleh mengenai minat belajar PKn peserta didik dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada siklus I persentase peserta didik dengan minat belajar “Tinggi” adalah 35% terdapat 8 peserta didik yang masuk dalam kategori tersebut, dan meningkat menjadi 43,5% dengan 10 orang peserta didik yang masuk dalam kategori minat “Tinggi” pada siklus II. Adapun pada hasil belajar peserta didik di siklus I yaitu terdapat 8 orang peserta didik berada pada kategori tuntas/ memenuhi Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM) dengan persentase 34,78%, kemudian meningkat di siklus II dengan persentase 82,6% dengan 19 orang peserta didik yang memenuhi Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal (KKM)/ berada pada kategori tuntas.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa minat belajar dan hasil belajar PKn kelas IV di SD Inpres Saluttowa melalui penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif learning tipe STAD mengalami peningkatan.
The humanitarian and public health crisis in Gaza: Impact, challenges, and international responses
Authors: Kooli Chokri , Kooli Eya
Published: January 2025

Background: The humanitarian crisis in Gaza has escalated to unprecedented levels as of late September 2024, with devastating impacts on civilians and the healthcare infrastructure. Years of the blockade, exacerbated by ongoing military aggression, have led to the collapse of Gaza's health system anddeepened the region's public health crisis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the far-reaching public health consequences of the Gaza conflict, with a focus on the destruction of healthcare infrastructure, the rise in communicable diseases, and the psychological trauma affecting the population.

Methods: A qualitative analysis was conducted using secondary data from peer-reviewed journal articles, reports from international humanitarian organizations, and official statistics. Thematic analysis identified key challenges, including the impact of infrastructural collapse, barriers to medical care, and the consequences of prolonged conflict on mental and physical health.

Results: The findings indicate over 41,615 deaths, including approximately 16,500 children,and thousands are still missing. The destruction of hospitals, roads, and ambulances has severely disrupted medical services andleft tens of thousands without medical care. Chronic lack of medical supplies, clean water, and electricity further aggravates the crisis. Additionally, communicable diseases and psychological trauma have reached critical levels, disproportionately affecting children and vulnerable populations.

Conclusions: The findings highlight the urgent need for a coordinated international response to address the healthcare crisis in Gaza. Emergency measures should include curbing military aggression, providing humanitarian aid, and rebuilding healthcare systems. Long-term efforts must focus on building resilient health infrastructure, ensuring access to essential medical care, and addressing the mental health needs of the population. Future research should explore the long-term public health outcomes of conflict and strategies to enhance healthcare resilience in similar settings.
Periodontal Health In Geriatric Population: A Review
Authors: Prakash Gyan , Kumari Neha , Banerjee Anindita , Biswas Nitubroto , Kumar Singh Prabhat , Mallik Manisha
Published: January 2025

Aging is the physiologic change that occurs in the human body with time.[1] Age associated changes are governed by multiple factors, such as genetics, lifestyle and environment. The changes can be considered disease if they become severe enough to affect a person’s ability to function or shorten their lifespan.[2,3] Normal aging of the periodontal tissue is mainly due to cellular changes occurring in the oral tissues with increasing age. In general, cellular aging is mostly responsible for the intrinsic changes seen in oral and periodontal tissues over the period of time. Different tissues are affected by aging in different way, for example, nerve tissue and muscle tissue undergo minimum renewal and regeneration, whereas epithelial tissue, which is one of the primary components of the periodontium, always renews itself, at a much faster rate.[4]
A STUDY ON SOCIAL MOBILITY IN INDIA WITH FOCUS ON THE QSR INDUSTRY.
Authors: Pandyan Anindita
Published: January 2025

My interest in the power of workplaces & social mobility opportunities started when I got an opportunity to visit and interact with employees of a QSR restaurant in India last year. There were many things that I found fascinating, the organization of the kitchen, the work-flow processes, the way the teams were organized & many such things but what I really found most fascinating was the people I met. I meet a truly diverse set of people from different age groups & backgrounds working to make a living. People with fascinating life stories & dreams like Rashi, who started as a temporary staff & is now manager in a restaurant. Rashi’s story inspired me to study this industry & this space more. This Project is an attempt to understand the journey of Rashi & similar people like her from a larger perspective.

Social mobility, the ability for individuals or families to move between socioeconomic strata, plays an important role in shaping an equitable society. This study explores the impact of the Quick Service Restaurant (QSR) industry on social mobility in India, focusing on its contribution to employment generation and upward economic mobility.

By analyzing data, case studies, quantitative & qualitative research methods, the research tries to highlight how the QSR industry serves as a stepping stone for individuals, especially those from marginalized communities, to gain formal employment, skill development, and career growth.

With over 40% of the Indian workforce engaged in the informal sector, the QSR industry stands out as a significant source of organized job opportunities. The also delves into challenges like job stability, wage gaps, and gender inequality within the sector.

This paper aims to shed light on the role of this dynamic sector in fostering inclusive growth and inspiring further studies on its economic impact.
Visual Perception Cues, Emotional Responses, and Children's Health: A Systematic Review
Authors: Tan Xiaoqin , Abdul Shukor Shureen Faris , Geok Soh Kim
Published: January 2025

Children’s well-being and health have received significant social attention. Given the increasing prevalence of food neophobia, obesity, and related health challenges in children, it is critical to understand the importance and urgency of raising children to choose healthy foods.This review explores the complex relationships among children's visual cues, emotion, liking and food choices, providing important insights into potential health interventions. A systematic search was conducted using three databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies published up to December 25, 2023 (from the start of each database) were included. To ensure that the studies were of good quality, the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT) was used for assessment. 17 eligible studies that used different research methods, six used a within-subject design, one used a discrete choice experiment, one used a pretest-post test design, four used mixed methods research, three used observational studies, and one used a longitudinal design. These studies examined topics ranging from visual perception to emotional response, with six studies examining all three aspects. This study investigated the complex effects of children's visual cues, emotions, and food choices, thereby providing important insights into potential health interventions. The shape of the food elicited a more positive emotional response than unvarying shapes. Several studies have also shown that children not only have preferences for the food itself but also consider factors such as the type, shape, and color of the food. Future research should draw new conclusions to guide relevant interventions aimed at promoting healthy food choices among children.
Elastosis nodular con quistes y comedones, una presentación unilateral y severa
Authors: Cabezas Echegoyén Raúl Vicente , Salguero de Salazar Alexandra Astrid , Meléndez Henríquez Katherine Guisselle , Mejía Rodríguez Silvia Anett , Maza De Franco Carmen Alexandra María , Monge Vásquez Ana Mariella Guadalupe , Leiva López Evelyn Alejandra
Published: January 2025

Presentación del caso. Paciente de 73 años con antecedentes de exposición crónica ocupacional a radiación solar y tabaquismo durante 54 años; quien acudió a consulta por una dermatosis unilateral en el rostro, con aspecto tumoral multiquístico amarillento, acompañada de comedones abiertos y de tipo circunscrito, que comprometía regiones cigomática, infraorbitaria y mejilla izquierda. La lesión tenía 25 años de evolución, era pruriginosa y presentaba síntomas dismórficos corporales leves. Intervención terapéutica. El diagnóstico se estableció a partir de los hallazgos clínicos, dermatoscópicos y una biopsia cutánea. El manejo se realizó en modalidad ambulatoria, incluyendo educación sobre la enfermedad, así como medidas para evitar, abandonar o reducir factores agravantes. Además, se prescribió fotoprotección solar permanente y el uso de una combinación de alfa hidroxiácidos y retinoides tópicos. Evolución clínica. Esta dermatosis se caracteriza por un curso crónico, no resolutivo y sin tendencia a la transformación maligna. Los abordajes principales son el quirúrgico y el farmacológico; siendo el primero para los casos severos, como el descrito en este reporte. En el Servicio de Cirugía Plástica se realizó la extirpación quirúrgica de las lesiones en dos tiempos, con seguimiento ambulatorio en dermatología debido a la elevada tasa de incidencia de neoplasias malignas asociado al daño actínico crónico en la piel.
Aportes de la Inteligencia Artificial a la Farmacología Clínica
Authors: Bernal Regalado Luz Olivia , Velásquez Castaneda Astrid Nicole , Torres Castillo Marco Adriel
Published: January 2025

Señora editora:
Han pasado dos años desde que el autor del editorial «El mundo ha cambiado» publicado en el volumen cinco de esta revista, describió cómo las aplicaciones informáticas con Inteligencia Artificial (IA) podrían aportar en el área de la salud, incluso menciona que la influencia de ésta en los diferentes sectores de la sociedad, sería de gran trascendencia a pesar de los posibles riesgos asociados a su uso.
Efectivamente, hemos visto que la IA, una rama de la informática que ejecuta plataformas computacionales capaces de simular la inteligencia humana, ha evolucionado de forma exponencial en los últimos años y promete dar aportes significativos en beneficio de los pacientes.
Avances en el uso de inteligencia artificial en la educación médica latinoamericana
Authors: Ramírez Domínguez Casto David , Alvarenga Somoza Graciamaría , Olivares Guzmán Naara Eunice , Cárcamo Trinidad Marta María , Salamanca Reyes Ana Gabriela
Published: January 2025

La inteligencia artificial es la capacidad de un sistema para emular funciones cognitivas. En el ámbito de la salud, se utiliza como respaldo en la determinación de decisiones complejas y formación de habilidades médicas. Es una herramienta para crear escenarios de simulación virtual y evaluar el desempeño de los estudiantes de medicina. El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica es describir los avances en el uso de inteligencia artificial en la educación médica en Latinoamérica. Se consultaron las bases de datos PubMed, SciELO, y en Google Académico; se incluyeron publicaciones en español e inglés del período 2019 al 2024, se aplicaron palabras clave y operadores booleanos. La inteligencia artificial en la formación médica busca replicar habilidades cognitivas en la resolución de problemas, y se clasifica en inteligencia artificial estrecha e inteligencia artificial general. Es una herramienta transformadora que potencia la realidad virtual, optimiza los resultados, ofrece oportunidades para fortalecer la efectividad de la atención sanitaria y hacer mejoras en la personalización del proceso de aprendizaje. Sin embargo, su implementación requiere abordar desafíos éticos y legales para su pleno aprovechamiento. En Latinoamérica, se observa el constante aumento de la adopción de herramientas basadas en la inteligencia artificial para la formación del personal médico.
Rol de los polifenoles en la prevención y tratamiento del cáncer de mama no metastásico
Authors: Araujo Murcia Héctor Mauricio , Franco Hernández Rocío de Los Ángeles , Ortiz Tobar Andrea Sofía
Published: January 2025

El cáncer de mama es una de las neoplasias diagnosticadas con mayor frecuencia en las mujeres a nivel mundial y representa la segunda causa de muerte en este grupo poblacional. La prevención primaria es esencial para la detección temprana del cáncer de mama con énfasis en el tamizaje anual para brindar un tratamiento oportuno, basado en un manejo multidisciplinario que incluye las áreas de cirugía, oncología, patología y nutrición. Con el objetivo de estudiar el rol anticarcinogénico de los polifenoles en el cáncer de mama no metastásico, se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica utilizanbdo las bases de datos Medline, HINARI, ARDI y SciELO. Se seleccionaron, revisaron y analizaron artículos originales en idioma inglés y español de fuentes de tipo primaria y secundaria. Los polifenoles son compuestos provenientes de la dieta que han adquirido importancia en los últimos años por su rol anticarcinogénico en la prevención y tratamiento de cáncer de mama no metastásico. Entre ellos se encuentran la curcumina, el resveratrol, la quercetina, el galato de epigalocatequina y la luteolina. Los polifenoles poseen propiedades antiinflamatorias, antioxidantes y anticarcinogénicas. Su introducción como medida de prevención podría disminuir la incidencia del cáncer de mama y, en aquellos casos con diagnóstico confirmado, mejorar el efecto del tratamiento quimioterapéutico.
Prevalencia de las enfermedades nasosinusales inflamatorias y tumorales
Authors: Molina Velásquez Javier Isaac
Published: January 2025

Introducción. La enfermedad nasosinusal inflamatoria, tumoral benigna y maligna, es de suma importancia. La rinosinusitis crónica puede presentarse en el 5 % de la población. Los tumores nasales benignos pueden ser de origen epitelial, como los papilomas. Dentro de la enfermedad tumoral maligna nasosinusal, el más frecuente es el carcinoma epidermoide. Objetivo. Describir la prevalencia de las enfermedades nasosinusales inflamatorias, tumorales benignas y malignas en pacientes de la especialidad de otorrinolaringología del Instituto Salvadoreño del Seguro Social durante el 2018 al 2023. Metodología. Se utilizó un diseño descriptivo, transversal, con datos provenientes de fuentes documentales. El estudio tomó los resultados de todas las biopsias nasosinusales de todos los centros hospitalarios del Instituto Salvadoreño del Seguro Social, entre enero del 2018 hasta julio del 2023. Resultados. Según el tipo de enfermedad inflamatoria, 888 (71,9 %) pacientes presentaron rinosinusitis. En la enfermedad tumoral benigna, 14 (20,6 %) de los pacientes tenían papiloma. Respecto a la enfermedad tumoral maligna, se encontró que 12 (31,6 %) presentaron carcinoma de células escamosas. Conclusión. La enfermedad tumoral maligna nasosinusal más frecuente es el carcinoma de células escamosas, siendo a mayoría de pacientes del sexo masculino y el intervalo de edad en el que se presenta con mayor frecuencia es entre 50-59 años.
La voz de la comunidad científica en ALERTA, un llamado ético a valorar las diversas formas de contribución científica
Authors: Sandoval López Xochitl
Published: January 2025

En el dinámico mundo de la investigación y la práctica clínica, las cartas al editor se han consolidado como un vehículo esencial para el intercambio de ideas, la crítica constructiva y la actualización del conocimiento. En este número de ALERTA, queremos resaltar los valiosos aportes que estas comunicaciones han realizado en tres áreas cruciales: la inteligencia artificial en farmacología clínica, las complicaciones asociadas a traqueostomía y los desafíos del derecho a la protección de la salud en la Constitución de la República de El Salvador. En este sentido, la inteligencia artificial (IA) está revolucionando el campo de la farmacología clínica, permitiendo una personalización sin precedentes en el tratamiento de las enfermedades. Tocar este tema en nuestra revista ha sido fundamental para discutir los avances y las limitaciones de estas tecnologías emergentes. No obstante, investigadores y clínicos deben compartir más sus experiencias sobre cómo los algoritmos pueden optimizar las decisiones terapéuticas, mejorar los resultados clínicos y reducir efectos adversos. En el ambiente científico, se ha planteado un debate crítico sobre cuestiones éticas y de seguridad que deben ser abordadas antes de implementar estas herramientas a gran escala. Este diálogo abierto es vital para garantizar que el uso de la IA beneficie a todos los usuarios de los Sistemas de Salud sin comprometer su bienestar.
Avaliação da aprendizagem digital segundo o ChatGPT-3.5 e a autoria híbrida humano-IA
Authors: Brito Rocha Telma , Brandão Cleyton , Panfile Williams
Published: January 2025

Introdução: As Inteligências Artificiais (IA) estão cada vez mais presentes em nosso cotidiano, com diversas possibilidades de uso. Elas proporcionam interações e aprendizados que se relacionam a processos cognitivos, algoritmos e redes neurais artificiais com a finalidade de simular a capacidade humana para a tomada de decisão. Nessa direção, a educação precisa se apropriar desses recursos tecnológicos e comunicacionais. À vista disso, a avaliação da aprendizagem digital torna-se relevante. As tecnologias digitais oferecem novas possibilidades de avaliação, permitindo uma abordagem abrangente, personalizada e interativa. Nesse contexto, este escrito tem o objetivo de compreender a avaliação da aprendizagem digital a partir da resposta apresentada pelo ChatGPT-3.5. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de revisão de literatura, com o seguinte problema: o que é avaliação da aprendizagem digital segundo o ChatGPT-3.5? Resultados: Discussões acerca de concepções da avaliação da aprendizagem, análise da resposta do ChatGPT-3.5 sobre o problema de pesquisa supracitado e proposição de atividade avaliativa utilizando o ChatGPT-3.5, abordando a autoria híbrido humano-IA. Conclusão: Entendemos que o ChatGPT-3.5 fornece uma resposta centrada nas concepções da Avaliação como Exame e Medida, além de salientarmos que a autoria híbrida humano-IA pode auxiliar os discentes no processo de ensino e aprendizagem.
Integrating Sports Massage into Pre-training Routines Can Enhance Athletic Preparedness and Performance Capacity in Kabaddi Players
Authors: Isnandar Muhammad , Alhumary Farid M. , Krzykarist Krzykarist , Zega Restin , Hutajulu Reymond Benedith , Putri Rachel Junika Abelia , Hofmeister Martin
Published: January 2025

The  purpose  of  the study. The primary objective of this investigation is to assess the efficacy of pre-training sports massage in enhancing warm-up protocols for kabaddi athletes, focusing on its influence on various physiological parameters, performance metrics, and psychological preparedness.
Materials and methods. A quasi-experimental design was employed involving a cohort of 20 elite kabaddi athletes (15 males and 5 females) aged between 18 and 30 years, hailing from professional teams in Medan City. The intervention spanned 8 weeks and consisted of a 15-minute pre-training sports massage regimen administered prior to standard warm-up sessions. Data were collected at baseline, after 4 weeks, and following 8 weeks of intervention, encompassing measurements of muscle temperature, range of motion, reaction time, performance indicators, and perceived readiness, utilizing standardized assessment instruments.
Results. The intervention yielded statistically significant enhancements across multiple evaluated parameters. Muscle temperature exhibited an average increase of 2.3°C, while range of motion demonstrated a 12.5% improvement in hip flexibility; additionally, performance metrics revealed a 22% augmentation in defensive maneuver efficiency. Reaction time was reduced by 0.3 seconds, and participants indicated a decrease in perceived exertion alongside an enhancement in psychological readiness. All observed improvements were statistically significant (p < 0.001) and characterized by large effect sizes.
Conclusions. The implementation of pre-training sports massage emerges as a potentially beneficial intervention for the optimization of warm-up protocols among kabaddi athletes. The extensive advantages noted across physiological, biomechanical, and psychological realms imply that the incorporation of sports massage into pre-training routines may significantly bolster athletic preparedness and performance capacity, particularly in high-intensity contact sports such as kabaddi.
Intersection between Artificial Intelligence, Interdisciplinary Collaboration and African History
Authors: Esamagu Efemena Emmanuel , Wazhi Emmanuel Nimnan , Adeyinka Taiwo Adebayo
Published: January 2025

This paper basically considered the effects of AI on African history, vis-à-vis interdisciplinary collaboration, either overtly or covertly. It posited that recent historical works embrace interdisciplinary perspective, thus, it was examined in light of the emergence of AI. Being a historical piece of work, historical methodology was adopted as secondary sources in this case, which consist of published and unpublished works. These formed the gamut of data collection used to prosecute and enrich this research. The paper sought to answer the following questions: what is the connection between artificial intelligence, interdisciplinary collaboration and African history? What are the effects of AI on African history as a specialization?  The core of the paper is necessitated by the emergence of AI. As such, it was juxtaposed vis-a-vis African history and other related disciplines. On the whole, the study established or found out that artificial intelligence (AI), though with its negative impact, has enhanced and strengthened new trends and perspectives in African historical research vis-à-vis the relationships between History, Social and Natural Sciences; History, Sociology and Anthropology; History and Psychology; History, Economics and Demographic Studies; History and Literature; which was exhaustively explained in the paper. While the paper noted that AI, when used properly, could provide relevant information critical to historical studies. It also highlighted the challenges which stem from the use of artificial intelligence, which include: data bias and representation, contextual understanding, source reliability and verification, ethical considerations, complexity of interpretation, technical limitations, preservation of historical integrity, among others. The study concluded that historians generally, and African historians in particular exercised caution in the use of AI for comprehensive historical research.
The IP Lottery: The Role of Noise in Balancing Creditor and Stakeholder Interests in Insolvency Proceedings
Authors: Jessie Pool  , Niek Strohmaier  , Jan Adriaanse  , Marc Broekema  , Helen Pluut  , Reinout Vriesendorp
Published: January 2025

Abstract. Insolvency practitioners (IPs) manage and liquidate bankrupt estates. While their primary responsibility lies in prioritizing the interests of the collective creditors, they must also consider various other (societal) interests in their decision making. The law typically grants IPs discretion in balancing these interests, but this flexibility leads to variability in bankruptcy proceedings, resulting in legal uncertainty and inequality. This paper aims to introduce the reader to the psychological concept of noise (variability in judgments or decisions that ought to be identical) and to highlight the considerable level of variability in IPs’ decisions when balancing interests. More specifically, using examples from empirical studies we conducted in the Netherlands, the paper demonstrates how stakeholders in bankruptcy proceedings are at the mercy of IPs’ subjective judgements and that there is very little uniformity in their judgments. To reduce the level of legal uncertainty and inequality, this paper proposes further clarification on how IPs should navigate and balance interests in insolvency proceedings.
РАЗВИТИЕ ТОЛЕРАНТНОСТИ УЧАЩИХСЯ НА УРОКАХ РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА
Authors: С.Х.  Амандыкова  , А.К. Кожамкулова
Published: January 2025

The concept of "tolerance" is very broad. In most cases, it is understood as tolerance for various religious, ethnic, national and any other views, respect for the dignity of all people, without exception, regardless of existing differences. Meanwhile, tolerance is not only patience and forbearance. The problem of educating children and adolescents in the spirit of tolerance, understanding the characteristics of the "other" is still relevant.
The need to teach tolerance at school is clear. After all, school is the first institution in which there is an active independent socialization of a child. There is an awareness of differences between peers in the school team. Conflict situations imposed on traditional for any collective, such as the emergence of authorities, the struggle for leadership, cruelty towards the weak, ethnic, cultural, socio-economic differences become the basis for the development of ethnic stereotypes and aggressive behavior towards people of another culture in early childhood. The main thing here is the professionalism of the teachers, the development of teaching methods, good preparation of didactic materials, and a systematic approach.
Efficacy of cyclosporin eye drops in the treatment of dry eye after cataract surgery
Authors: Ling Feng , Ping Li
Published: January 2025

Objective: To explore the value of cyclosporin eye drops in treating dry eye after cataract surgery.Methods: A total of 150 patients with dry eye after cataract surgery were randomly divided into group A (n = 50), group B (n = 50), and group C (n = 50). Artificial tears combined with cyclosporin eye drops were used in group A, artificial tears were used in group B, and no dry eye medication was used in group C. The clinical efficacy, ocular surface function and tear inflammatory factor level before and after surgery were compared between the groups.Results: The total effective rate of group A was 96.00%, which was significantly higher than that of group B and group C (p < .05); three months after surgery, the levels of corneal fluorescein staining score (FL score), tear meniscus height (TMH) and tear inflammatory factors [interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α)] in group A were lower than those in group B, and those indicators in group B were lower than those in group C, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p < .05); three months after surgery, Schirmer test (SIT) and break-up time (BUT) in group A were higher than those in group B, and those indicators in group B were higher than those in group C, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p < .05).Conclusions: The effect of cyclosporin eye drops in treating dry eye after cataract surgery is satisfactory, significantly improving the ocular surface function and reducing the level of tear inflammatory factors, which is worthy of promotion.
Cultura científica: la complejidad de sus significados
Authors: Rodríguez Vera Lilian Silvana
Published: January 2025

El concepto de cultura científica tiene varias aristas, al ser un concepto polisémico, y cadauna de ellas merece una discusión permanente. Diversos autores señalan las características dela alfabetización científica y de cómo cada nación configura el sentido que le da a la cienciaa través de sus políticas de Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad (CTS). Este estudio enfoca lamirada en los diferentes conceptos de la cultura científica y en sus antecedentes como eje dedebate; la forma de trabajar fue a través de la revisión de la literatura. Como hallazgos se podríaseñalar que el concepto de cultura científica es amplio; sin embargo, cabe la reflexión sobre laepistemología de la ciencia, cuáles son los conocimientos válidos desde el método científico,que por lo general posee un enfoque más positivista, algo alejada de los tipos de fenómenosestudiados en ciencias sociales.
Navigating the Therapeutic Landscape of Head and Neck Burkitt’s Lymphoma: A Comparative Analysis of Treatment Approaches and Associated Challenges.
Authors: Ali Eltair
Published: January 2025

Head and neck Burkitt lymphoma (HN-BL) requires tailored treatment strategies due to its unique anatomical location and aggressive nature. HN-BL poses distinctive diagnostic and therapeutic obstacles in contrast to its extranodal equivalents. This review comparatively analyzes current treatment approaches for HN-BL, including intensive chemotherapy regimens, radiation therapy strategies, and the emerging role of targeted therapies. We investigate the effectiveness and adverse effect profiles of these methodologies, emphasizing determinants that affect treatment choice including neoplasm stage, patient functional capacity, and the existence of comorbid conditions. Furthermore, the abstract discusses challenges in managing treatment-related complications, achieving optimal local control, and addressing the specific anatomical challenges posed by head and neck involvement. Finally, we explore areas requiring further investigation to improve outcomes and refine therapeutic strategies for this aggressive malignancy.
Biomaterials for Regenerative Medicine and Revolutionizing Healthcare
Authors: K Parvathy , M Shanmugavadivu
Published: January 2025

Biomaterials have become a key element in revolutionizing regenerative medicine, providing novel approaches to address a wide range of medical issues. Recent developments in biomaterials are tailored for conditions like osteoarthritis (OA), chronic wounds, erectile dysfunction (ED), and post-surgical tumor management. Composite hydrogels, such as GelMA/dECM, have shown promise in reducing chondrocyte pyroptosis and promoting osteochondral repair by recruiting mesenchymal stem cells. Additionally, the creation of MnO2 at CeOx-GAMP as a radiosensitizer demonstrates the potential of nanomaterials to activate the STING pathway, enhancing the effectiveness of radiotherapy. Functional hydrogels are being studied for skin wound healing applications, utilizing electric field stimulation and real-time healing monitoring through impedance mapping. Enzyme engineering, such as ChASE37, has proven effective in breaking down inhibitory proteoglycans in the central nervous system, aiding neuronal regeneration. The use of NIR-responsive hydrogels loaded with polydeoxyribonucleotides highlights innovative techniques for treating chronic wounds by enabling targeted drug delivery and promoting angiogenesis. For nerve injuries, magnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with neurotrophic peptides have shown potential in restoring erectile function. Lastly, biomimetic nanofiber patches inspired by butterfly wings combine the advantages of tumor cell destruction and wound healing. These advancements exemplify the diverse applications of biomaterials, emphasizing their role in improving therapeutic efficacy and patient outcomes. As the field progresses, biomaterials hold the potential to dramatically transform healthcare and elevate the quality of life for millions worldwide.
SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF AIR POLLUTION IN THE WEST KAZAKHSTAN REGION
Authors:   Non-commercial joint stock company Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kozhagulov S.O. , Salnikov V.G. ,   Non-commercial joint stock company Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Baidauletova G.K. ,   Non-commercial joint stock company Al-Farabi Kazakh National University
Published: January 2025

The article is devoted to spatial analysis of atmospheric pollutions in the West Kazakhstan region.
Changes are observed in the structure of air pollution, which is associated with an increase in
production, the share of transport, and the construction of new industries. However, in terms of types of economic activity, the main share belongs to industry. It has been established that the main
pollutants of the atmosphere are the oil and gas, energy sectors, as well as transport. Research
shows that the regions of the territorial distribution of industrial facilities and the region of social
activity (Burli, Baiterek, Uralsk) have the greatest anthropogenic impact on the atmosphere.
Purification of atmospheric air from harmful impurities, primarily solid particles, is partially
carried out only in these zones, while in other areas of the region there are no treatment plants.
The above-mentioned northern areas of the industrial zone of the region are characterized by high
values of calculated air pollution coefficients. In contrast, in the Akzhaik, Karatobinsky, Zhanibek
and Bokeyordinsky districts, the indicated indicators are minimal, which indicates a significant
inequality in the distribution of atmospheric pollution. The completed work is the basis for an
in-depth analysis of the assessment of atmospheric air quality in the industrial-agrarian center.