bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La comunicación de riesgo en salud como generador de interacción en una página de facebook
Authors:   , Vasquez Solsol Ilda Gianella
Published: September 2023

Las redes sociales como Facebook se han convertido en un canal, para que diferentes entidades prestadoras de salud pública y privada difundan información de comunicación de riesgo en salud ante una emergencia sanitaria. Por ese motivo, estas entidades durante los comienzos de la pandemia del COVID-19 difundieron información de comunicación de riesgo en salud en sus páginas de Facebook. Una de esas organizaciones fue el Complejo Hospitalario Guillermo Kaelin. Frente a este contexto, el presente trabajo se basó en la línea de investigación sobre la interacción que tienen los usuarios hacia la información que se publican en las páginas de Facebook gubernamentales durante una emergencia de salud pública. Para ello, se plantearon dos objetivos. El primero fue analizar el nivel de interacción que generó la comunicación de riesgo en salud en la página Facebook del Complejo Hospitalario Guillermo Kaelin en el año 2020. El segundo objetivo fue saber qué medio como imagen, video y enlace generaron mayor interacción, cuando tenían información de comunicación de riesgo en salud. Esta investigación aplica un enfoque cuantitativo para analizar la información de la base de datos de la página de Facebook del Complejo Hospitalario Guillermo Kaelin. La conclusión a las que se llegó es que la información de comunicación de riesgo generó interacción, pero no a gran escala como otra información. Esto debido a que el usuario considero más importante y relevante conocer las actividades que realizaba el Complejo Hospitalario como horarios de atención y visita.
​​Modelos de socialización en series de televisión. Caso: La Reina del Flow​
Authors:   , Villarreal Agüero Piero Jordano
Published: September 2023

La socialización ha impuesto una segmentación conductual basada en la existencia de la categoría de género y su clasificación en masculino y femenino. La naturalización de la dominación masculina en la sociedad y otros aspectos de carácter social se reflejan en el mundo audiovisual a través de los roles de personajes impuestos en base al género y con productos cinematográficos o televisivos fieles a un modelo de socialización que se reproduce en el mundo real. Por ello, el objetivo del presente trabajo es identificar los arquetipos de socialización que representan los personajes de la serie La Reina del Flow. La metodología utilizada para el desarrollo de la presente investigación es un análisis de contenido a través de una guía elaborada por Elena Galán Fajardo en 2007. Los resultados obtenidos presentan a los personajes de la serie como arquetipos dentro de su historia con atributos característicos de sus personalidades tales como empoderamiento, ambición y lealtad. Asimismo, establece una diferenciación frente a otras investigaciones, dado que en el caso de este artículo el personaje héroe es de género femenino y el antagonista de la historia es de género masculino.
Analysis of Heat Exchange Processes on the Surface of the Aboveground Pipeline with Heat Insulation
Authors: Lapshin Vladimir
Published: September 2023

Purpose: Transport infrastructure facilities include a variety of water supply systems. In the conditions of negative ambient temperatures, there is a risk of freezing and destruction of water pipelines. In mathematical modeling of the operation of aboveground pipelines, the correct description of the heat exchange process between the outer wall of the pipeline and the surrounding atmosphere is of great importance. The boundary condition corresponding to this process traditionally includes a heat transfer coefficient depending on a number of unpredictable parameters (wind speed and direction, atmospheric pressure, air humidity). The purpose of this work is to carry out a comparative analysis of the role of free and forced convective heat exchange and to justify the possibility of setting a boundary condition that depends only on the outside air temperature. Methods: To solve this problem, the work uses numerical analysis of similarity criteria for the heat exchange process under conditions typical for the operation of an above-ground pipeline with thermal insulation. The justification of the boundary condition on the external surface of the pipeline is based on the law of energy conservation. Results: The values of the parameters of the problem are determined, in which free or forced convective heat exchange prevails. It has been shown that forced convection prevails in conditions typical for the operation of above-ground water pipelines. Under these conditions, the difference between the temperature of the external surface of the insulated pipeline and the surrounding atmosphere is small. It has been shown that in this case, it is advisable to use the equality of atmospheric air temperatures and pipeline surface temperatures as a boundary condition. Practical significance: Understanding the mechanisms of heat exchange makes it possible to create an adequate model of the operation of pipelines in conditions of negative temperatures. Setting a more accurate and simple boundary condition on the surface of the pipeline simplifies the task of mathematical modeling. The results obtained in this article can be used in mathematical modeling of any pipelines with thermal insulation.
Estabilização de erosão hídrica em Antropossolos com técnicas de bioengenharia na Área de Proteção Ambiental de Uso Sustentável do Timburi, município de Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil
Authors: Nunes João Osvaldo Rodrigues , Perusi Maria Cristina , Fushimi Melina , Moreno Mariana dos Santos , Thomazini Leonardo da Silva
Published: September 2023

As formas de relevo estão diretamente relacionadas com a deflagração de processos erosivos, os quais fazem parte da dinâmica da natureza. Com avanço da ação humana sobre os diversos ambientes do Planeta Terra, foi proposta a criação de uma nova idade do Holoceno, designada de Antropoceno. Neste sentido, destaca-se a antropomorfogênese e a formação de novas paisagens; ocasionando o surgimento e expansão dos Antropossolos. Esta classe de solo apresenta características físicas, químicas e morfológicas muito distintas das originais e maior vulnerabilidade ambiental aos processos erosivos. O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar o trabalho de estabilização de processos erosivos lineares em duas propriedades rurais com áreas de ravinas e voçorocas, em Antropossolos, na Área de Proteção Ambiental de Uso Sustentável do Timburi, município de Presidente Prudente, SP, Brasil. Para tanto, implantou-se técnicas de bioengenharia na forma de estruturas de paliçadas em processos erosivos lineares do tipo ravina e voçorocas. Os Antropossolos foram classificados até o terceiro nível categórico a partir da descrição morfológica, análises físicas e químicas. Nas duas propriedades rurais onde foram instaladas as estruturas de bioengenharia, mesmo nos meses de maior pluviosidade, novembro a fevereiro, em setores classificados como de alta a muito alta vulnerabilidade ambiental não ocorreu expansão dos focos erosivos, mostrando a eficácia das técnicas. Em relação aos Antropossolos, predominantemente Sômicos, os resultados de campo e laboratório revelaram um elevado grau de degradação principalmente dos indicadores químicos de qualidade do solo.
Implementação de uma topografia pré-ruptura na predição estatística bivariada de escorregamentos
Authors: Araújo João Paulo de Carvalho , Barella Cesar Falcão , Zêzere José Luís Gonsalves Moreira , Fernandes Nelson Ferreira
Published: September 2023

Movimentos gravitacionais de massa são fenômenos naturais que impactam a economia, a infraestrutura e a vida de milhares de pessoas. Na modelagem estatística, os Modelos Digitais do Terreno (MDTs) são frequentemente utilizados na identificação das cicatrizes de escorregamentos e na geração dos mapas temáticos causativos que podem ser analisados individualmente ou computados em conjunto para gerar o mapa final de susceptibilidade a escorregamentos. Contudo, quando obtidos após a ocorrência dos movimentos de massa, estes MDTs não mais representarão as características do terreno que favoreceram a ocorrência das instabilidades (topografia pós-falha). Ademais, o uso de assinaturas morfométricas arquetípicas de escorregamentos pretéritos em modelos estatísticos implica em erros conceituais relevantes. Uma possível solução para este problema é assumir que a morfometria pré-ruptura possa ser inferida pelas áreas adjacentes às cicatrizes que não foram perturbadas pelos escorregamentos. Este trabalho apresenta um método de reconstrução da topografia pré-ruptura a partir da nuvem de pontos de elevação do último retorno dos pulsos laser de um sensor LIDAR e faz uso do MDT pré-ruptura na modelagem de predição estatística bivariada (Pesos de Evidência) dos escorregamentos nas bacias do Quitite e Papagaio, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Sete modelos de susceptibilidade a escorregamentos foram produzidos pela combinação de oito fatores causativos. Cada mapa teve sua capacidade preditiva testada pelo cálculo da área abaixo da curva (AAC) de predição. O modelo final (AAC = 0,77) evidencia os controles topográficos e hidrológicos diretos e o controle litológico e estrutural indireto na deflagração dos escorregamentos. Os escorregamentos são condicionados, principalmente pelas encostas entre os ângulos de 26° e 52°, voltadas para as faces Norte, Nordeste e Noroeste, em forma côncava convergente e côncava divergente e com área de contribuição entre 1,8m² e 4,1m². Os resultados respeitam os principais pressupostos do modelo e proporcionam uma visão sintetizada e robusta das áreas susceptíveis a escorregamento, mesmo em um ambiente de grande complexidade geoambiental, como é o caso da área de estudo.
Structures and fabric sedimentary of overland flow generated in laboratory experiments – fluids composed of low concentrations (≈ 3 vol %) of soil aggregates
Authors: Paisani Julio Cesar , Pereira Santos Marcos Cesar , Vinicius de Sordi Michael
Published: September 2023

The sedimentary arrangement generated by overland flows remains an open question, particularly due to the sediment concentration variations of this flow. We create a laboratory experiment to answer a question: what type of facies and structures can low concentration overland flows (≈ 3 vol%) generate in a steep-planar hillslope context with a gently sloped sand accommodation area? Our experiment revealed that noncanalized low sediments concentration are supercritical and turbulent. On the sedimentation plain, flows exhibited progressive deceleration implying three flow stages (arrival-flow, intermediate-flow and waning-water flow). In the first stages, flows remained supercritical and turbulent, and in the last stage, they became subcritical and turbulent. Parting lineation was the predominant surface feature for the three flow stages, followed by tool marks, rills and coarse aggregate accumulation. The recurrence of flows implicated in parting lineation reworking, scour-and-fill, and horizontal airscape structures. The arrival-flow stage developed erosive depression, in which sediments were incorporated into the flow. These flow characteristics and sedimentary structures can occur in the real world and are related to overland flow recurrence.
Unveiling T cell evasion mechanisms to immune checkpoint inhibitors in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Gurska Lindsay , Gritsman Kira
Published: September 2023

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous and aggressive hematologic malignancy that is associated with a high relapse rate and poor prognosis. Despite advances in immunotherapies in solid tumors and other hematologic malignancies, AML has been particularly difficult to treat with immunotherapies, as their efficacy is limited by the ability of leukemic cells to evade T cell recognition. In this review, we discuss the common mechanisms of T cell evasion in AML: (1) increased expression of immune checkpoint molecules; (2) downregulation of antigen presentation molecules; (3) induction of T cell exhaustion; and (4) creation of an immunosuppressive environment through the increased frequency of regulatory T cells. We also review the clinical investigation of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in AML. We discuss the limitations of ICIs, particularly in the context of T cell evasion mechanisms in AML, and we describe emerging strategies to overcome T cell evasion, including combination therapies. Finally, we provide an outlook on the future directions of immunotherapy research in AML, highlighting the need for a more comprehensive understanding of the complex interplay between AML cells and the immune system.
CCAF: a framework to manage climate change adaptation for the wine sector
Authors: Graça António , Gishen Mark
Published: September 2023

Due to the recently changing climate and the impacts from severe events (smoke taint, heatwaves, droughts, frost, hail and floods) there is an urgent need for effective tools to tackle multiple risks and ensure higher levels of resilience. The Climate Change Adaptation Framework (CCAF), comprises a 5-stage process to help make climate-smart choices when considering competing adaptation options for grape and wine production. By applying CCAF to two different situations in Australia and Portugal, we demonstrate its potential for best practice in adaptation planning.
Aromatic ripeness may be the type of maturity that impacts red wine typicity the most. Part I: the aromas involved in aromatic ripeness
Authors: Van Leeuwen Cornelis , Barbe Jean-Christophe , Garbay Justine , Gowdy Mark , Lytra Georgia , Plantevin Marc , Pons Alexandre , Thibon Cécile , Marchand Stéphanie
Published: September 2023

Harvesting grapes at the appropriate maturity is key to the production of high quality red wines. Viticulturists, oenologists and winemakers define several types of maturity: technological, phenolic and aromatic. Aromatic maturity is probably the most important for determining wine quality and typicity, including terroir expression. This article (part I) reviews the state-of-the-art of compounds underpinning aromatic maturity; the influence of terroir factors and management practices are addressed in a follow-up article (part II).
Nitrogen nutrition status of the vine: correlation between N-tester and SPAD chlorophyll indices
Authors: Verdenal Thibaut , Zufferey Vivian , Reynard Jean-Sébastien , Spring Jean-Laurent
Published: September 2023

Knowledge of the nitrogen nutrition status of the vine is essential for long-term management of its nutrition with the aim of producing high-quality grapes. Measurement of the chlorophyll index is a fast, non-destructive and relatively inexpensive method that provides a good approximation of the nitrogen nutrition status of the vine during the growing season. Several chlorophyll meters are available on the market, each using its own measurement unit. With the aim of popularizing the use of chlorophyll meters, the interpretation thresholds of the SPAD index, measured on the vine at the veraison stage, have been established from correlation with the N-tester index, for which the thresholds are already known.
Unlocking the Secrets of Androgen Receptors in the Susceptibility, Progression, and Treatment of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Zakari Suleiman , Ekenwaneze Christogonus C. , Amadi Emmanuel C. , Ogunlana Olubanke O.
Published: September 2023

Prostate cancer (PCa) is a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with a rising incidence observed over the years. The androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in male development and maintaining masculine characteristics. Dysregulation of AR signaling in prostate cancer can lead to disease progression and resistance to standard therapies. Understanding the intricate regulation and function of AR in both healthy and diseased states is crucial for developing effective treatment strategies. This review comprehensively explores the role of androgen receptors in prostate cancer susceptibility, disease progression, and treatment response by analyzing recent literature. An extensive search of peer-reviewed publications in major databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, was conducted using specific keywords related to androgen receptor, prostate cancer, disease progression, and treatment resistance. Relevant conference abstracts and clinical trial reports were also included. The review presents an overview of the role of androgen receptors in prostate cancer initiation, progression, and treatment resistance. It highlights emerging biomarkers associated with AR signaling dysregulation and their potential utility for early detection and personalized treatment approaches. Additionally, recent advances in targeting the AR pathway for novel therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes and overcome treatment resistance in advanced prostate cancer are discussed. The findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of the AR signaling pathway in prostate cancer and offer insights into its multifaceted role in disease development and treatment response. They may pave the way for innovative therapeutic interventions and precision medicine approaches based on specific AR signaling profiles, enhancing patient care and reducing the burden of this lethal disease.
Optimization of Plant-Based Medium for Growth and Viability of Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus
Authors: Yeboah Philip Junior , Eddin Abdulhakim Sharaf , Wijemanna Namesha Dulari , Williams Leonard L , Krastanov Albert , Ibrahim Salam A.
Published: September 2023

The objective of the present study was to develop and optimize an efficient growth media for Lactobacillus delbrueckii ssp. bulgaricus, an essential dairy starter culture, uses plant-based nitrogen sources. The composition of the de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe (MRS) culture medium was modified, and the nitrogen content was replaced by alternative nitrogen sources X-Seed N7 and N5 in various blends of 3% and 1.5%. Results showed that bacterial growth was higher with the N7 and N5 nitrogen source blends at 3% and 1.5%. Similarly, the optical densities of the L. bulgaricus strains were higher in the N7 and N5 blends (1.5/3%) compared to the MRS medium. Although there was no significance in bacterial counts for both the MRS and the N7 and N5 media, a significant difference between the control medium and the optimized growth media was noted. Our results thus suggest that the alternative nitrogen sources X-Seed N7 and N5 can substantially support the growth of lactic acid bacteria as shown with L. bulgaricus. Moreover, the presence of complex nitrogen sources rich in free nucleotides, amino acids, and peptides enhanced L. bulgaricus growth. Our results support the development of cost-effective and plant-based growth media for LAB cultures and potential benefits to the food and dairy industries. Additional research is warranted to improve buffering capacity for higher cell counts.
Theoretical Assessment of Different Aviation Fuel Blends Based on Their Physical-Chemical Properties
Authors: Mirea Radu , Cican Grigore
Published: September 2023

The study within the current research is focused on theoretical assessment of sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) obtained by blending traditional jet fuels Jet A and different liquids (biodiesel and alcohols) from analytical point of view. Within this paper in-depth analysis ofthe physical-chemical properties of Jet A fuel blended with different biodiesels and alcohols has been performed. Also within the blends Aeroshell 500 oil has been added (5% vol.) for ensuring the lubrication of the turbo engine. The blends consists of: Jet Aaviation fuel + biodieselfrom: palm oil, pork fat, sunflower oil and alcohols: methanol, ethanol and butanol. All the 6 liquids have been blended with Jet A in the following percentages: 10, 20 and 30%. Flash point, kinematic viscosity, density, freezing point, elemental analysis and FTIR analysis have been performed for all the liquids: Aeroshell 500, jet A, jet A + 10, 20, 30% biodiesel from waste palm oil, pork fat and waste sunflower oil, jet A + 10, 20, 30% methanol, ethanol and butanol, biodiesels and alcohols. The obtained results shows the influence of each of the blend’s components on the physical-chemical properties of the blends. Based on the physical-chemical analysis of the blends, conclusions on the behavior of the blends during burning and the gaseous pollutants resulting from the burning process can be drawn.
A Study of PI Controller Tuning Methods by IMC Guide for a Ship Central Cooling System as a MISO System
Authors: Jeon Tae-Youl , Jung ByungGun
Published: September 2023

Since the controllers of the variable speed seawater pump and the 3-way valve of a ship central cooling system receive the feedback signal from the same output, the two controllers may interfere and operate inefficiently under certain conditions. Therefore, studying an efficient control tuning method for the central cooling water system is necessary. The central cooling water system was modeled in this study using MATLAB Simulink, utilizing actual operation data, and unknown parameters are estimated to fine-tune. The model is then verified using another operating data set. Additionally, transfer functions are developed for freshwater output temperature against 3-way valve openness input and seawater pump motor electric power frequency input. Then, the two PI controllers are tuned through the Internal Model Control guide, supposing the two systems are decoupled. Moreover, the modified IMC tuning method is suggested for the seawater pump system, which has larger time constants because of a heat exchanger. This method simplifies combining the two PI controller tuning, enhancing the seawater pump's overall efficiency and 3-way valve operation. This study determined that the proposed tuning methods through the IMC guide confirmed the efficiency of controlling the seawater pump speed and 3-way valve with reasonable control of freshwater outlet temperature.
Improving the Biogas Production and Methane Yield in an UASB Reactor with the Addition of Sulfate
Authors: Theodosi Palimeri Dimitra , Papadopoulou Konstantina , Vlyssides Apostolos G. , Vlysidis Anestis A.
Published: September 2023

: Sulfate presence is of great importance for anaerobic digestion as its addition can control the anaerobic microbial community. In this study, the effect of sulfuric acid addition on the perfor-mance of an UASB reactor fed with hydrolyzed starch was investigated. TOC, Fe and SO4-2 re-moval as well as the methane production were monitored under various COD/ SO4-2 ratios, HRTs and OLRs. When HRT was 16 hours and OLR equal to 2 g COD/LUASB-d the methane production was 0.24 L CH4/LUASB-day. After the sulfuric acid addition, TOC removal reached 95%. At HRT, OLR, and COD/ SO4-2 ratio equal to 16 hours, 2 g COD/ LUASB-d and 3.72 respectively, the methane production was 0.267 L CH4/LUASB-d. When the OLR was increased to 5.94 g COD/LUASB-d and COD/SO4-2 ratio was equal to 12.5, the methane production was 3 times higher (0.84 L CH4/LUASB-d) with a methane content in the produced biogas greater than 70%. 16s rRNA gene analysis demonstrated that after the sulfate addition, SRB were enriched and methane was mainly produced by Methanosaeta sp. This study indicates that appropriate sulfate concentrations in the feed in combination with the presence of iron in the UASB reactor lead to enhanced me-thane yields.
Investigating Asphaltene Deposition Kinetics through Particle Size and Count Correlation
Authors: Ali Muhammad , Adedamola Stephen Alake
Published: September 2023

Asphaltene precipitation and deposition pose significant operational challenges in both reservoirs and surface facilities by inducing formation damage. To understand the kinetics involved in asphaltene particle nucleation, growth, and aggregation, this study employed confocal microscopy and centrifuge-based methods under a unified set of experimental parameters. The acquired time-resolved particle size images were analyzed using MIPAR image processing software, while asphaltene mass yield was quantitatively evaluated through centrifugation. Experimental conditions were varied to study the effects of heptane concentration, asphaltene concentration, and shear rate. Notably, this investigation introduces, for the first time, the parameter of particle count as an additional variable influencing asphaltene mass production. This study aims to discern how particle count correlates with asphaltene mass yield over time. Results indicate that the minimum mean particle diameter was observed to be 2 microns, which progressively grew up to 80 microns. The mean particle diameter exhibited a positive correlation with both asphaltene concentration and shear rate, whereas an inverse correlation was seen with heptane concentration. Furthermore, the asphaltene mass yield was found to increase with greater asphaltene and heptane concentrations, as well as with higher shear rates. The relationship between mean particle diameter and mass yield was found to be nonlinear. In the early stages, a higher prevalence of small particles contributed to a greater total particle count, while at later stages, particle aggregation led to the formation of larger particles that influenced the overall asphaltene mass. The insights gained from understanding the relationship between particle diameter, count, and mass yield are crucial for advancing the fundamental science of asphaltene precipitation and deposition. These findings may also guide future research that relies solely on particle counts for assessing asphaltene deposition.
The Objective is to Enhance Sales through an Offline to Online (O2O) Strategy (Case Study: Kampoeng Merdeka Clothing in Makassar City)
Authors: Murdifin Imaduddin
Published: September 2023

This study aims to investigate how the adoption of an online to offline (O2O) transition strategy impacts the sales volume of Kampoeng Merdeka Clothing. The O2O strategy includes various components, such as establishing O2O platforms, delivering personalized services, ensuring secure transactions, and engaging in offline business activities. The research employs a quantitative approach, focusing on consumers who have made clothing purchases from Kampoeng Merdeka Clothing in Macassar. The sample size comprises 83 respondents, deliberately selected using the Slovin approach. The data analysis and methodology involve the application of Partial Least Squares (PLS) structural equation modeling to assess both the external and internal models.
The findings of this study emphasize the significant and positive influence of the variables "Build O2O Network Platform," "Provide Personalized Experience," "Safeguard Transactions Security," and "Offline Business" on driving the sales growth of Kampoeng Merdeka Clothing. These results indicate that the O2O transition strategy has a substantial impact on the brand's sales performance, with the establishment of O2O platforms and personalized services playing crucial roles. Additionally, ensuring secure transactions and engaging in offline business activities further contribute to the overall success of Kampoeng Merdeka Clothing in the market. This research sheds light on the effectiveness of the O2O approach in boosting sales for clothing brands and underscores the importance of integrating online and offline elements to maximize business outcomes.
Multidisciplinary Approach to Primary Immunodeficiency Due to Defect in Innate Immunity: About a Case
Authors: Astasio-Picado Álvaro , Palomo Jesus Jurado , Zabala Baños Maria Carmen
Published: September 2023

Rationale: Chronic Granulomatous Disease (CGD) is a rare primary immunodeficiency. Although most mutations are linked to the X chromosome, therefore affecting males, there are autosomal recessive forms that therefore affect both sexes. Clinically it is characterized by recurrent and severe bacterial and fungal infections, with formation of granulomas, due to the inability of phagocytes to generate reactive oxygen compounds, necessary for the intracellular death of phagocytosed microorganisms. Patient concerns: We reported a 12-year-old boy with pneumonia with pneumatocele of possible staphylococcal etiology at one year of age, bilateral orchitis secondary to Salmonella with hematogenous spread, osteomyelitis due to Salmonella, gastroenteritis due to Salmonella enteritidis, liver abscesses due to Staphycococcus aureus and lymphomatoid papulosis and pyodermititis. Diagnoses: In the biochemical diagnosis, the presence of yellow dye (NBT) and absence of dark bluish black dye (formazan) was evidenced. Regarding the genetic diagnosis, the presence of the mutation in exon 10 of CYBB (OMIM 306400) (Xp21.1) that encodes the gp91phox protein was demonstrated. Interventions and outcomes: Treatment was started with trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 400/80 mg every 24 hours via oral, and antifungal prophylaxis with itraconazole 200 mg every 24 hours orally is added, after which he does not present serious bacterial or fungal infections, not being able to administer immunomodulatory treatment with recombinant human Interferon gamma-1b. Lessons: The clinical finding of frequent severe infections associated with granulomas, CGD should be suspected. Treatment of this primary immunodeficiency is trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and itraconazole. Importantly, it indicated that the mutation in exon 10 of CYBB (Xp21.1) that encodes the gp91phox might influence the pathogenesis of CGD.
Mitigation of Salmonella in Ground Pork Products through Gland Removal in Pork Trimmings
Authors: Jimenez Reagan L. , Brashears Mindy M , Bueno López Rossy , Vargas David A. , Sanchez-Plata Marcos X.
Published: September 2023

Previous bio-mapping studies of pork processing facilities have indicated a need for mitigation strategies in trim and ground products due to Salmonella prevalence. Lymph nodes have been identified as a source of Salmonella in pork products. The objective of this study was to determine if the removal of glands and lymph nodes in pork would reduce Salmonella and indicator organisms in comminuted products. Samples from a commercial pork facility were divided into three treatment groups; 1) untreated control, 2) topical glands removed before final processing, and 3) topical, jowl, and internal lymph nodes and glands removed before final processing. Samples were evaluated for indicator organisms and quantity of Salmonella using the BioMérieux TEMPO® system and BAX® System Real-Time Salmonella SalQuant™ methodology, respectively. The results of this study indicate that the removal of the topical, internal, and jowl lymph nodes was effective at significantly (P > 0.05) reducing the prevalence of both Salmonella and indicator organisms. Salmonella was reduced from 2.5-Log CFU/Sample and 3.8-Log CFU/Sample of Salmonella in control group ground and trim samples, to less than 1-Log CFU/sample in both matrices from treatment 3. These data indicate that samples from treatment 3 had an average of a 3-Log reduction, and treatment 2 had a 2.5-Log reduction, of Salmonella when compared to the control samples. This indicates that the physical removal of glands and lymph nodes can influence Salmonella and indicator organism prevalence in the final product.
Study on the Rainwater Interception Process and Capacity of Urban Tree Organs in Shanghai
Authors: Wang Benyao , Zhang Yanting , Guo Jiankang
Published: September 2023

The process of rainfall interception by tree organs is crucial in mitigating the impact of intense rainfall on urban drainage systems, particularly in the context of climate change. this study selected ten commonly found tree species in Shanghai. Main parts of trees, including leaves, branches, and bark, were collected to analyze their ability to intercept rainwater. The optimized Artificial Rainfall Simulation System (ARSS) was applied to simulate the rainfall. The time-changing process of rainwater interception in three organs was measured during a 180-minute rainfall event which under four different rainfall intensities (4, 8, 12, and 16 mm/h, respectively). Process models of rainwater interception in different organs were fitted with adsorption kinetic equations. The rainwater interception process of tree organs complied with the quasi 2nd-order adsorption kinetic equation. The rainwater interception capacity of leaves, branches, and bark of ten urban tree species ranged from 0.05 to 0.34 mm, 0.13 to 0.24 mm, and 0.29 to 1.22 mm, respectively. The rainwater interception capacity of three organs significantly differs (p<0.05). It reveals that bark exhibits the highest rainwater interception ability. Coniferous tree species have a greater ability to intercept rainwater than broad-leaved tree species. There are also differences in the rainwater interception ability of trees in urban and natural areas.
Application and Development Prospects of Phosphogypsum in Different Phases: A Review
Authors: Ma Li , Zhang Huali , Wang Xiaofeng , Chen Luyu
Published: September 2023

The phosphogypsum (PG) pile of solid waste is of immense proportions and poses a grave threat to the ecological environment, with its reserves steadily increasing year after year. The urgent need for large-scale consumption and high-quality utilization of PG in industrial production has become apparent. The present study provides a comprehensive analysis of the correlation be-tween the macroscopic mechanical properties and microstructure of PG, elucidating the crystal morphology characteristics in different phases and outlining the crystallization preparation pro-cess. By integrating the physical and chemical properties of diverse PG phases with the intricacies associated with its preparation process, it is imperative to explore avenues for its high-value utili-zation, investigate possibilities for industrial-scale production, and analyze and predict the appli-cation trends and developmental directions in comprehensive PG utilization. These endeavors hold immense significance in guiding the realization of resource utilization potential inherent in PG.
A Transfer Learning-Based Deep Convolutional Neural Network for Detection of Fusarium Wilt in Banana Crops
Authors: Yan Kevin , Shisher Md Kamran Chowdhury , Sun Yin
Published: September 2023

During the 1950s, the Gros Michel species of bananas were nearly wiped out by the incurable Fusarium Wilt, also known as Panama Disease. Originating in Southeast Asia, Fusarium Wilt is a banana pandemic that has been threatening the multi-billion-dollar banana industry worldwide. The disease is caused by a fungus that spreads rapidly throughout the soil and into the roots of banana plants. Currently, the only way to stop the spread of this disease is for farmers to manually inspect and remove infected plants as quickly as possible, whereas it is a time-consuming process. The main purpose of this study is to build a deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) using a transfer learning approach to rapidly identify fusarium wilt infections on banana crop leaves. We chose to use the ResNet50 architecture as the base CNN model for our transfer learning approach owing to its remarkable performance in image classification, which was demonstrated through its victory in the ImageNet competition. After its initial training and fine-tuning on a data set consisting of 300 healthy and diseased images, the CNN model achieved near-perfect accuracy of 0.99 and was fine-tuned to adapt the ResNet base model. ResNet50’s distinctive residual block structure could be the reason behind these results. To evaluate this CNN model, 500 test images, consisting of 250 diseased and healthy banana leaf images, were classified by the model. The deep CNN model was able to achieve an accuracy of 0.98 and an F-1 score of 0.98 by correctly identifying the class of 492 of the 500 images. These results show that this DCNN model outperforms existing models such as Sangeetha et al., 2023’s deep CNN model by at least 0.07 in accuracy and is a viable option for identifying Fusarium Wilt in banana crops.
Super Typhoon Saola (2023) over the northern part of the South China Sea – aircraft data analysis
Authors: He Junyi , Chan Pak Wai , Chan Y.W. , Cheung P.
Published: September 2023

In situ aircraft observations in typhoons have been scarce. This paper documents and analyses the aircraft and dropsonde data collected in Super Typhoon Saola (2023) over the northern part of the South China Sea. The wind and turbulence structures of the typhoon are investigated. The turbulence intensities are quantified in terms of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) and eddy dissipate rate (EDR), and these data are compared with other available estimates of turbulence intensities, such as those based on weather radars, meteorological satellites, and numerical weather predic-tion (NWP) models. It is found that the TKE and EDR are closely correlated, and they are con-sistent with the weather radar/satellite observations as well as NWP-based outputs. Furthermore, the boundary layer inflow, vertical wind profiles, and atmospheric stability are analysed based on the dropsonde observations. The analysed results would advance the understanding of typhoon structures and offer references for the validation of remote sensing observations and NWP models.
Adaptive Learning in Agent-Based Models: An Approach for Analyzing Human Behavior in Pandemic Crowding
Authors: Romero David , Escudero Paula
Published: September 2023

This study assesses the impact of incorporating an adaptive learning mechanism into an agent-based model (ABMS) simulating behavior on a university campus during the course of a pandemic outbreak, with a particular case on the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim is to reduce overcrowding and infections on campus through the use of Reinforcement Learning (RL). Our findings indicate that RL is a viable approach for effectively representing agents’ behavior within this context. The results reveal specific temporal patterns of overcrowding violations. While our study successfully mitigated campus crowding, it had limited influence on altering the course of the epidemic. This highlights the necessity for comprehensive epidemic control strategies that consider the role of individual decision-making influenced by adaptive learning, along with the implementation of targeted interventions. This research significantly contributes to our understanding of adaptive learning within complex systems and offers valuable insights for shaping future public health policies in similar community settings. Future research directions encompass exploring various parameter settings and updating representations of the disease’s natural history.
Effectiveness of a Mechanical Ventilation System for Indoor PM2.5 in Residential Houses
Authors: Shin Dongho , Kim Younghun , Hong Kee-Jung , Lee Gunhee , Park Inyong , Kim Hak-Joon , Kim Sangwoo , Hwang Cheong-Ha , Noh Kwang-Chul , Han Bangwoo
Published: September 2023

Mechanical ventilation systems used in houses are designed to reduce carbon dioxide emissions while minimizing the energy loss resulting from ventilation. However, increase in indoor fine particulate (PM2.5) concentration because of external PM2.5, influx through the ventilation system poses a problem. In this study, we analyzed the changes in indoor PM2.5 concentrations via dis-tinguishing between cases of high and low outdoor PM2.5 concentrations, considering the effi-ciency of filters used in residential mechanical ventilation systems. When using minimum effi-ciency reporting value (MERV) 10 filters in the ventilation system, the outdoor PM2.5 concentra-tion was 5 μg/m³; the indoor PM2.5 concentration became 73% after 60 min compared to the ini-tial. When the outdoor PM2.5 concentration was 30–40 μg/m³, the indoor PM2.5 concentration reached 91%. However, when MERV 13 filters were used, the indoor PM2.5 concentration con-sistently dropped to 73–76% regardless of the outdoor PM2.5 concentration. Furthermore, by comparing the established equation with the mass-balance model, the error was confirmed to be within 5%, indicating good fit. This allows the prediction of indoor PM2.5 under various condi-tions when using mechanical ventilation systems, enabling the formulation of strategies to maintain indoor PM2.5 as recommended by the World Health Organization.
Performance Comparison of Sea Cucumber Detection by the Yolov5 and DETR Approach
Authors: Yuan Xin , Fang Shutong , Li Ning , Ma Qiansheng , Wang Ziheng , Gao Mingfeng , Tang Pingpeng , Yu Changli , Wang Yihan , Martínez Ortega José-Fernán
Published: September 2023

Sea cucumber detection represents a significate step in underwater environmental perception, which is an indispensable part of the intelligent subsea fishing system. However, various complex factors such as water turbidity declines the clarity of underwater images, presenting a challenge to vision-based underwater target detection. Therefore, accurate, real-time and lightweight detection models are required. First of all, the development of subsea target detection is summarized in this presented work. Besides, since target detection methods based on deep learning such as YOLOv5 and DETR, which are respectively examples of one-stage and anchor-free deep leaning methods, have been increasingly applied in underwater detection scenarios. Based on the analysis of state-of-the-art underwater sea cucumber detection approaches and aiming to provide a reference for practical subsea identification, the sea cucumber detection based on the YOLOv5 and DETR are investigated and compared in detail. For each approach, the detection experiment is carried out on the derived dataset which contains a wide variety of sea cucumber sample images. The compared experiments demonstrate that the overall outperformance of YOLOv5 in terms of low computing consumption and high precision, particularly in detection of small and dense features. Nevertheless, the DETR exhibits rapid development and holds promising prospects in underwater object detection applications, owing to its relatively simple architecture and ingenious attention mechanism.
Virulence of Circulating Marek’s Disease Virus Strains in Vaccinated Chicken Flocks in Taiwan: Data on Genetic Analysis of the meq Oncogene
Authors: Cheng Ming-Chu , Lai Guan-Hua , Tsai Yi-Lun , Lien Yi-Yang
Published: September 2023

Marek’s disease (MD) is an important neoplastic disease caused by serotype 1 Marek's disease virus (MDV-1), which results in severe economic losses worldwide. Despite vaccination practices that have controlled the MD epidemic, current increasing MD-suspected cases indicate the persistent viral infections circulating among vaccinated chicken farms in many countries. However, the lack of available information about phylogeny and molecular characterization of circulating MDV-1 field strains in Taiwan reveals a potential risk in MD outbreaks. This study investigated the genetic characteristics of 18 MDV-1 isolates obtained from 17 vaccinated chicken flocks in Taiwan between 2018 and 2020. Based on the sequences of the meq oncogene, phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the circulating Taiwanese MDV-1 field strains were predominantly in a single cluster that showed high similarity with strains/isolates from countries of East Asian region. Because the isolated strains were obtained from CVI988/Rispens vaccinated chicken flocks and the molecular characteristics of the Meq oncoprotein showed the features like vvMDV and vv+MDV strains, the circulating Taiwanese MDV-1 field strains may have higher virulence compared with vvMDV pathotype. In conclusion, the presented data demonstrate the circulation of hypervirulent MDV-1 strains in Taiwan and highlight the importance of routine surveillance and precaution strategies in response to the emergence of enhanced virulent MDV-1.
Evaluation of intrinsic and extrinsic factors affecting pregnancy rate in dual-purpose cows under tropical conditions
Authors: Zavaleta-Martínez Alondra , Barrientos-Morales Manuel , Abasalon-Medina Victor , Rodríguez-Andrade Araceli , Cervantes-Acosta Patricia , Hernandez-Beltran Antonio , Avendaño-Reyes Leonel , Dominguez-Mancera Belisario
Published: September 2023

A total of 648 embryo transfer (ET) procedures were performed between January and December 2021 and were evaluated to assess the effect of these two types of factors on in-vitro produced ET programs carried out in tropical conditions. The intrinsic factors were size and location of the corpus luteum, body condition, genetic group, age and parity; while extrinsic factors were location of the farm, environmental comfort, season in which ET was carried out, prevailing weather conditions, and the preservation, quality, and development stage of embryos at the time of transfer. A χi2 was used for analysis of main effects, and logistic regression analysis for the combined effects in each factor (intrinsic or extrinsic); additionally, a multivariate analysis of data clusters were used to find a linkage between the effects. While age of the recipient female had a negative effect (Odds ratio = 0.179–0.870) on PR (p < 0.05), being higher in younger cows; the rest of the intrinsic factors did not affect (p > 0.05) the PR. The extrinsic factors significant (p < 0.05) were THI category, season of the year and type of embryo preservation during the ET, which indicates that the higher PR (p < 0.05) were obtained in the comfort THI category, winter season and the use of fresh semen during the ET. The clustering analysis did not show any linkage (p > 0.05) between PR and the intrinsic factors, while a linkage (p < 0.05) was found with yearly season and embryo preservation as extrinsic factors. It is concluded that age of the recipient cow and environmental conditions at the time of the transfer are key factors to be considered for successful in-vitro produced ET programs using dual-purpose cows under tropical conditions.
Development of Screening for Common Gynecological Diseases in Chinese Women (2007- 2020)
Authors: Fan Zixuan , Wang Peihan , Pei Chenyang , Wang Zhenbo , Xu Chengdong , Ma Jing , Liu Yuanli
Published: September 2023

Background: The study aimed to analyze trends in the implementation of common gynecological disease screening in China under the influence of policies.
Methods: An interrupted time series analysis with segmented linear regression was performed using gynecological disease screening data from 2007 to 2020 obtained from the official government statistical website. Statistical analysis focused on two important time points: the relaxation of the family planning policy and the major institutional reforms in the health sector in 2014 and the elevation of the "Healthy China Strategy" as a fundamental national policy in 2017.
Results: Our results indicate an overall increasing trend in the screening rate, increasing from 38% to 86.58%. Prior to the relaxation of the family planning policy and the health sector reforms, the screening rate increased annually by 4.64% (P < 0.0001, CI= [3.06, 6.21]). However, in the first year of policy implementation, there was a 21% decrease (P ＜ 0.0001, CI= [-27.8, -14.2]). The COVID-19 pandemic in early 2020 also partially hindered screening progress, resulting in a decline in the annual growth rate from 10.16% to 4.13%.
Conclusion: Women's health issues are receiving increasing attention, and the rising screening rates for gynecological diseases are due to the joint efforts of various stakeholders, including the government, society, and individuals. However, policy changes and environmental factors can impact the organized implementation of gynecological disease screening. Therefore, it is necessary to establish robust implementation plans and efficient process management to effectively address potential risks.