bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mô phỏng ứng xử nén lệch tâm của cột bê tông cốt thép bị ăn mòn do ion clorua
Authors: Nam Bùi Hải , Đạt Nguyễn Quang , Công Đỗ Văn , Hòa Nguyễn Tử , Nhân Nguyễn Đức , Minh Phùng Công , Kiên Nguyễn Trung , Tân Nguyễn Ngọc
Published: May 2021

Trong bài báo này, ảnh hưởng của sự ăn mòn cốt thép dọc và cốt thép đai đến khả năng chịu lực của các cột bê tông cốt thép đã được nghiên cứu bằng phương pháp số thông qua phần mềm phần tử hữu hạn DIANA FEA. Các mô hình vật liệu suy giảm do ăn mòn sử dụng đã được kiểm chứng dựa trên sự so sánh giữa kết quả mô hình và kết quả thực nghiệm đối với biểu đồ quan hệ tải trọng - chuyển vị, cơ chế phá hoại và sự phân bố vết nứt. Hơn nữa, một nghiên cứu tham số đã được thực hiện nhằm khảo sát ảnh hưởng của độ lệch tâm và khoảng cách cốt thép đai đến ứng xử của cột ăn mòn. Nghiên cứu này chỉ ra rằng độ lệch tâm phải nhận được nhiều quan tâm do ảnh hưởng đáng kể của nó đến khả năng chịu nén và dạng phá hoại. Đồng thời, ảnh hưởng của khoảng cách cốt thép đai đến khả năng chịu lực của cột chịu nén lệch tâm là đáng kể hơn so với ảnh hưởng của nó đến dạng phá hoại.

Từ khóa:

bê tông cốt thép; cột ăn mòn; ăn mòn cốt thép; mô hình phần tử hữu hạn; độ lệch tâm; khoảng cách cốt thép đai.
Algoritma Clustering Untuk Membentuk Cluster Zona Penyebaran Covid-19
Authors: Bu'ulolo Efori , Purba Bister
Published: May 2021

Covid-19 yaitu suatu penyakit yang menyerang sistem pernapasan manusia dan dapat menular dengan mudah. Sumatera Utara salah satu daerah yang dilanda pandemi Covid-19. Melalui Gugus Tugas Percepatan dan Penanganan Covid-19 provinsi Sumatera Utara telah melakukan berbagai upaya untuk pencegahan penyebaran Covid-19 seperti belajar dan ibadah dirumah, himbauan pakai masker dan lain sebagainya. Untuk mempermudah  identifikasi penyebaran Covid-19 Tim Gugus membagi zona penyebaran Covid-19 berdasarkan jumlah kasus positif. pembagian zona dengan menggunakan satu variabel yaitu positif menyebabkan penanganan Covid-19 tidak maksimal karena hanya terkonsentrasi pada zona dengan kasus positif yang terbanyak sedangkan potensi penyebaran bukan hanya dari kasus positif. Oleh karene itu, dibutuhkan teknik yang lain dapat mengelompokkan / cluster zona penyebaran Covid-19. Salah satu teknik yang sesuai untuk pengelompokkan / cluster yaitu algoritma clustering K-Medoids. Hasil dari implementasi algoritma Algoritma K-Medoids yaitu cluster zona penyebaran Covid-19 di Sumatera Utara dibagi dalam 3(tiga) Cluster yaitu cluster 1, cluster 2 dan cluster 3. Cluster 1 identik dengan zona merah, Cluster 2 identik dengan zona kuning dan cluster 3 identik dengan zona hijau.

Abstract

Covid-19 is a disease that attacks the human respiratory system and can be transmitted easily. North Sumatra is one of the areas hit by the Covid-19 pandemic. Through the Task Force for the Acceleration and Handling of Covid-19, the province of North Sumatra has made various efforts to prevent the spread of Covid-19, such as studying and worship at home, appealing to wear masks and so on. To make it easier to identify the spread of Covid-19, the Cluster Team divides the Covid-19 spread zones based on the number of positive cases. zoning by using one variable, namely positive, causes the handling of Covid-19 to be not optimal because it is only concentrated in the zone with the most positive cases, while the potential for spread is not only from positive cases. Therefore, another technique is needed to group / cluster the Covid-19 spread zones. One technique that is suitable for grouping / clustering is the K-Medoids clustering algorithm. The results of the implementation of the K-Medoids Algorithm algorithm, namely the Covid-19 spread zone cluster in North Sumatra is divided into 3 (three) clusters, namely cluster 1, cluster 2 and cluster 3. Cluster 1 is identical to the red zone, Cluster 2 is identical to the yellow zone and cluster 3 is identical to the green zone
PEMANFAATAN BUAH SAWO (Manilkara zapota) UNTUK MENGHASILKAN KERIPIK DAN SIRUP DI DESA PAWIDEAN
Authors: Yuliana Eva
Published: May 2021

Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini ialah untuk memanfaatkan buah sawo menjadi produk keripik dan sirup sehingga dapat menaikkan nilai ekonomis dari buah sawo. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini yaitu dengan cara penyuluhan yang sasarannya kepada ibu-ibu warga Desa Pawidean. Kegiatan ini meliputi penyuluhan cara pembuatan dan penjualan yang di lanjut dengan mengisi lembar kuesioner. Hasil dari kegiatan ini menunjukkan bahwa buah sawo dapat di jadikan keripik dan sirup, serta antusiasme warga yang berminat pada cara pembuatan produk ini. Hasil kuesioner menunjukkan bahwa keripik sawo memiliki citarasa yang enak namun masih kurang renyah serta sirup yang memiliki rasa dan aroma sawo sehingga sangat di sukai warga. Pemanfaatan buah sawo dalam pengembangan produk makanan dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu bentuk olahan makanan yang kaya akan kandungan gizi, sehingga dapat memberikan dampak yang baik untuk membantu memenuhi kebutuhan gizi.

Kata Kunci:Pengabdian, Sawo, Keripik, Sirup
Sosialisasi Pemanfataan Aplikasi Media Sosial Dalam Pembelajaran Daring Selama Pandemi Covid-19 Pada TK Al-Zharufa Kota Cimahi
Authors: Hadiansah Deni , Pringgandinie Desty Rara , Winarti Agus , Astuti Livia , Putra Fajar Setyaning Dwi , Rahaju Anne
Published: May 2021

Sejak pandemi Covid-19 melanda Indonesia, kegiatan pembelajaran pada jenjang TK dilaksanakan secara daring. Atas kebijakan tersebut, muncul beberapa kendala dan masalah dalam pelaksanaannya yang dikeluhkan banyak pengelola TK, termasuk pengelola TK Al-Zharufa. Oleh karena itu, penyuluhan melalui sosialisasi tentang pemanfaatan media sosial dalam pembelajaran daring di TK Al-Zharufa dilaksanakan. Adapun tahapan kegiatannya melalui perencanaan, pengorganisasian, dan evaluasi kegiatan. Setelah kegiatan sosialisasi dilaksanakan, diperoleh simpulan bahwa pada dasarnya guru-guru di lapangan, khususnya pada TK Al-Zharufa sangat memerlukan kegiatan penyuluhan untuk mengembangkan wawasannya baik secara teoretis maupun praktis tentang pemanfaatan aplikasi media sosial dalam pembelajaran daring selama pandemi Covid-19. Demikian, kegiatan sejenis perlu dilaksanakan secara berkala dan berkelanjutan.
Relationship of Knowledge and Family Support to Exclusive Breastfeeding for Working Mothers
Authors: Ani Murti , Muyassaroh Yanik , Wardani Novita Ika
Published: May 2021

Breastfeeding for infants is the best way of feeding, especially for infants less than six months old. Exclusive breastfeeding for six months has been shown to have many benefits. Although the benefits of breastfeeding have been published around the world, exclusive breastfeeding coverage rates are still far from expected. For working mothers giving exclusive breastfeeding is not easy. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of knowledge and family support to exclusive breastfeeding for working mothers. This type of observational analytic study uses atime approach cross sectional. The sample in this study is mothers who have babies aged 6-24 months who work in government agencies in the Blora Regency. The sampling technique using total sampling, as many as 30 respondents. The level of mother's knowledge and family support was measured using a questionnaire. Test data analysis using the Chi-Square test. Based on the results of data analysis, there is no relationship between the level of knowledge with exclusive breastfeeding for working mothers (p = 0.675 0.05) and there is a relationship between family support and exclusive breastfeeding for working mothers (p = 0.001 0.05) . The conclusion of this study is that there is no relationship between the level of knowledge with exclusive breastfeeding for working mothers and there is a relationship between family support and exclusive breastfeeding for working mothers.
Influence Counseling with Smart Calendar Media (Kalpin) to Knowledge and Attitude of Pregnant Women about First 1000 Days of Life
Authors: Muyassaroh Yanik , Afifah Ana
Published: May 2021

Malnutrition in pregnant women has an impact on the health of the next generation. Therefore, nutrition counseling first 1000 days of life needs to be given. Good nutrition during the period of 1000 days starting from early pregnancy until the child’s second birthday. This study aims to determine the effect of counseling with “Kalpin” or Smart Calendar on knowledge and attitude of pregnant women about the first 1000 days of life. This type of research is a comparative analytic design with pre-test and post-test control group. Nutrition counseling activities carried out by the lecture method using a smart calendar. Measurement of knowledge and attitude of pregnant women perfomed twice: before and after the extension granted. Analysis of the data used were bivariate analysis test Independent T-Test and Mann Whitney. The result shows influence of counseling about first 1000 days of life with Kalpin to knowledge (p = 0,000) and attitude of pregnant woman (p = 0,000) about first 1000 days of life. For health service can be a new input in efforts to improve the quality of service with realization the Program Healthy Indonesia that include first 1000 days of life.
The Relationship Between Mother's Pregnancy History and Baby's Birth to the incidence of stunting in infants
Authors: Astuti Anjar , Muyassaroh Yanik , Ani Murti
Published: May 2021

One of the nutritional problems faced by children under five in the world, especially in developing countries is stunting. The problem of stunting in infants can have an impact on intellectual decline, increase the risk of non-communicable diseases, giving birth to babies with low birth weight and the risk of degenerative diseases in the future. So it is necessary to take preventative measures in order to reduce the stunting prevalence rate that is increasing every year. The purpose of this study: to determine the relationship between maternal pregnancy history and the history of the baby's birth to the incidence of stunting in infants. Research methods: using a retrospective cohort design with a sample of 85 mothers who have stunting toddlers. Results: Analysis of data using the chi square test of birth length (p = 0,000 0.05) has a relationship with the incidence of stunting while anemia during pregnancy (p = 0.212 0.05), chronic energy shortages during pregnancy (p = 0.837 0.05) and low birth weight (p = 0.297 0.05) had no relationship with the incidence of stunting. Conclusion: there was no significant relationship between maternal pregnancy history (Anemia and KEK), history of birth of the baby (LBW) and nutritional care patterns (accuracy of breastfeeding MP) with the incidence of stunting in infants. There is a significant relationship between the history of the birth of a baby (length of body birth) can cause stunting in infants. Suggestion: the results of this study can be taken into consideration to conduct early intervention appropriately to reduce the stunting rate in Blora Regency. Keywords: History of maternal pregnancy, history of baby's birth, toddler stunting.
Tableaux
Authors: Márton András
Published: May 2021

Online section: Tableaux
Sea-ice Melting, Collective Inuit Peoples’ Rights and the Human Rights Discourse: A Critical Legal Analysis of the Nunavut Governance System
Authors: Le Teno Sandrine , Frison Christine
Published: May 2021

Climate change has increasing visible effects on the environment, particularly in the Arctic, where the sea-ice melted faster in 2020 than any time before. It directly threatens the Inuit people’s survival, whose livelihood is mainly based on traditional modes of subsistence (hunting, fishing and gathering). In light of the environmental crisis, this paper carries out a critical analysis of the Nunavut (Canada) legal framework, granting Inuit specific rights regarding their traditional way of life. While recognizing that this framework implements international human rights legal standards, we argue that the human right lens presents limitations in addressing climate change impacts on Inuit livelihood. By acknowledging the developments following the adoption of the United Nations Declarations on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and on the Rights of Peasants and Other Peoples Living in Rural Areas, leading to the recognition of some collective rights to communities and people living of the land, we address the gaps of human rights –which are mainly individual –to reflect the importance of recognizing collective rights in the adaptation to the global climate change challenge. Indeed, the paper argues for the necessity to recognize the community level in the climate international governance scene.
Herpes Labialis, Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Helicobacter pylori, and Cytomegalovirus Infections and Risk of Dementia: The Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Zilli Eduardo Marques , O’Donnell Adrienne , Salinas Joel , Aparicio Hugo J. , Gonzales Mitzi Michelle , Jacob Mini , Beiser Alexa , Seshadri Sudha
Published: May 2021

Background: An association between chronic infectious diseases and development of dementia has been suspected for decades, based on the finding of pathogens in postmortem brain tissue and on serological evidence. However, questions remain regarding confounders, reverse causality, and how accurate, reproducible and generalizable those findings are. Objective: Investigate whether exposure to Herpes simplex (manifested as herpes labialis), Chlamydophila pneumoniae (C. pneumoniae), Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), and cytomegalovirus (CMV) modifies the risk of dementia in a populational cohort. Methods: Questionnaires regarding incidence of herpes infections were administered to Original Framingham Study participants (n = 2,632). Serologies for C. pneumoniae, H. pylori, and CMV were obtained in Original (n = 2,351) and Offspring cohort (n = 3,687) participants. Participants are under continuous dementia surveillance. Brain MRI and neuropsychological batteries were administered to Offspring participants from 1999–2005. The association between each infection and incident dementia was tested with Cox models. Linear models were used to investigate associations between MRI or neuropsychological parameters and serologies. Results: There was no association between infection serologies and dementia incidence, total brain volume, and white matter hyperintensities. Herpes labialis was associated with reduced 10-year dementia risk (HR 0.66, CI 0.46–0.97), but not for the duration of follow-up. H. pylori antibodies were associated with worse global cognition (β –0.14, CI –0.22, –0.05). Conclusion: We found no association between measures of chronic infection and incident dementia, except for a reduction in 10-year dementia risk for patients with herpes labialis. This unexpected result requires confirmation and further characterization, concerning antiviral treatment effects and capture of episodes.
Association Between the Use of Hypnotics and the Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Jeong Wonjeong , Joo Jae Hong , Kim Hyunkyu , Kim Yun Kyung , Park Eun-Cheol , Jang Sung-In
Published: May 2021

Background: Hypnotics, including benzodiazepines, are extensively and inappropriately prescribed for older people to treat anxiety and sleep disorders, despite the adverse health outcomes associated with their use. Objective: This study aimed to examine the association of the use of long- and short-acting hypnotics with the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Methods: Data from 234,634 participants, derived from the Korean National Health Insurance Service National Sample Cohort from 2002 to 2013, were examined. Individuals over the age of 50 years were included in the study. The dependent variable was the risk of Alzheimer’s disease. Hypnotics were categorized by the period of the prescription of benzodiazepines, i.e., either till the participants were diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease or the end of the study period (December 31, 2013). Cox regression model was built to analyze the association between variables. Results: Individuals who used long-acting hypnotics were found to have a higher risk of Alzheimer’s disease than non-users. Moreover, among individuals with sleep disorders, those who used hypnotics had a higher risk of Alzheimer’s disease than those who did not. Conclusion: This study identified an association between the use of hypnotics and the risk of Alzheimer’s disease among South Korean middle-aged and older people.
Systolic Blood Pressure and Cognition in the Elderly: The Northern Manhattan Study1
Authors: Sun Xiaoyan , Dong Chuanhui , Levin Bonnie E. , Caunca Michelle , Zeki Al Hazzourie Adina , DeRosa Janet T. , Stern Yaakov , Cheung Ying Kuen , Elkind Mitchell S.V. , Rundek Tatjana , Wright Clinton B. , Sacco Ralph L.
Published: May 2021

Background: Increasing evidence suggests that hypertension is a risk factor for cognitive impairment and dementia. The relationship between blood pressure and cognition in a racially and ethnically diverse population remains unclear. Objective: To study association of blood pressure with cognition cross-sectionally and longitudinally in the elderly. Methods: Participants are stroke-free individuals from the racially and ethnically diverse Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS) (n = 1215). General linear models are constructed to examine blood pressure in relation to cognition cross-sectionally and longitudinally at a five-year follow-up. Results: We found a cross-sectional association of systolic blood pressure (SBP) with word fluency/semantic memory, executive function, and processing speed/visual motor integration (VMI) function. This association was independent of demographics, vascular risk factors, white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHV), and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT). The cross-sectional association of SBP with processing speed/VMI and executive function was attenuated after adjusting anti-hypertension medications in the models. Baseline SBP was associated with the change of processing speed/VMI function after adjusting vascular risk factors, WMHV, and cIMT at a 5-year follow-up. This longitudinal association was not found after adjusting anti-hypertension medications in the models. Further analyses revealed that individuals with category SBP from < 120 mmHg to≥140 mmHg had a linear decline in processing speed/VMI function at a 5-year follow-up. Conclusion: We show that SBP is negatively associated with cognition cross-sectionally and longitudinally in the elderly. Anti-hypertension treatment eliminates the negative association of SBP with processing speed/VMI function longitudinally. Our findings support the treatment of stage 1 systolic hypertension in the elderly.
Four Common Late-Life Cognitive Trajectories Patterns Associate with Replicable Underlying Neuropathologies
Authors: Karanth Shama D. , Schmitt Frederick A. , Nelson Peter T. , Katsumata Yuriko , Kryscio Richard J. , Fardo David W. , Harp Jordan P. , Abner Erin L.
Published: May 2021

Background: Late-life cognitive function is heterogeneous, ranging from no decline to severe dementia. Prior studies of cognitive trajectories have tended to focus on a single measure of global cognition or individual tests scores, rather than considering longitudinal performance on multiple tests simultaneously. Objective: The current study aimed to examine cognitive trajectories from two independent datasets to assess whether similar patterns might describe longitudinal cognition in the decade preceding death, as well as what participant characteristics were associated with trajectory membership. Methods: Data were drawn from autopsied longitudinally followed participants of two cohorts (total N = 1,346), community-based cohort at the University of Kentucky Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center (n = 365) and National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Center (n = 981). We used group-based multi-trajectory models (GBMTM) to identify cognitive trajectories over the decade before death using Mini-Mental State Exam, Logical Memory-Immediate, and Animal Naming performance. Multinomial logistic and Random Forest analyses assessed characteristics associated with trajectory groups. Results: GBMTM identified four similar cognitive trajectories in each dataset. In multinomial models, death age, Braak neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) stage, TDP-43, and α-synuclein were associated with declining trajectories. Random Forest results suggested the most important trajectory predictors were Braak NFT stage, cerebral atrophy, death age, and brain weight. Multiple pathologies were most common in trajectories with moderate or accelerated decline. Conclusion: Cognitive trajectories associated strongly with neuropathology, particularly Braak NFT stage. High frequency of multiple pathologies in trajectories with cognitive decline suggests dementia treatment and prevention efforts must consider multiple diseases simultaneously.
Health-related Quality of Life and Satisfaction with German Health Care Services in Patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth Neuropathy
Authors: Schorling Elisabeth , Senn Katja C. , Thiele Simone , Gumbert Laura , Krause Sabine , Schreiber-Katz Olivia , Walter Maggie C. , Reilich Peter , Nagels Klaus H.
Published: May 2021

Background Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) neuropathies entail a large group of diseases with different gene mutation patterns, which produce heterogeneous phenotypes. Although health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is significantly impaired, a comprehensive assessment of HRQOL in CMT patients in Germany considering phenotypical heterogeneity represented a research gap. Objective The aim was to assess HRQOL and the satisfaction with health care in CMT patients in Germany. Methods CMT patients > 15 years with a genetically confirmed CMT subtype were recruited through a national CMT patient registry. HRQOL was assessed using the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. Furthermore, subjective impairments in daily or work activities and satisfaction with health care were assessed using 4-point scales. Results HRQOL in CMT patients (n = 385) was impaired compared to the German population. Most patients reported problems in the dimension mobility (89.6%), pain/discomfort (89.4%) and usual activities (81.0%). Except for patients with hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsy (HNPP), we found no differences in HRQOL between the CMT subtypes. 72.0%of CMT patients were satisfied with available health care services. However, patients reported to expect more CMT-specific knowledge and support as well as easier prescription and cost coverage procedures from health professionals and insurances. Conclusions The patient-reported outcomes in the assessed CMT cohort elucidate the need for more specific health care services that also address the heterogeneous phenotypes. Although the assessment has been limited to the German health services setting, insights may be applicable to CMT-specific care in other national settings.
Comparative analysis of rowland universal dementia assessment scale and mini-mental state examination in cognitive assessment of traumatic brain injury patients
Authors: Cheng Yun , Wang Yong-Zheng , Zhang Yi , Wang Ya , Xie Fan , Zhang Yu , Wu Ye-Huan , Guo Jing , Fei Xiao
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND: Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) has demonstrated usefulness in cognitive assessment. Studies supporting the use of RUDAS as an evaluation tool in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients remain limited. This study examined whether the Chinese version of RUDAS can be effectively applied to the cognitive assessment of TBI patients in China. OBJECTIVE: To compare the performance of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Chinese version of RUDAS in the cognitive assessment of Chinese patients with TBI so as to provide reference for clinical use. METHODS: 86 inpatients with TBI in a hospital were selected from July 2019 to July 2020 and were enrolled as the TBI group, while another 40 healthy individuals matched with age, sex and education level were selected as the control group. All subjects were assessed by trained rehabilitation physicians with MMSE and RUDAS. RESULTS: (1) Compared with the control group, the scores of MMSE and RUDAS in the TBI group decreased significantly; (2) The results of MMSE and RUDAS in the TBI group were positively correlated (r = 0.611, P < 0.001); (3) Linear correlation suggested that age was negatively correlated with MMSE (r = –0.344, P = 0.001) and RUDAS (r = –0.407, P < 0.001), while education years were positively correlated with MMSE (r = 0.367, P = 0.001) and RUDAS (r = 0.375, P < 0.001). However, according to the multiple linear regression, the results of RUDAS were not affected by the years of education; (4) Receiver operating curve analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the areas under the curve between MMSE and RUDAS. The best cut-off values of MMSE and RUDAS were 27.5 and 24.5, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: MMSE and RUDAS have similar diagnostic efficacy in evaluating cognitive impairment of patients with TBI. Since the Chinese version of RUDAS is not affected by the education level, it is more suitable for TBI patients in China.
Reconstruction of College Piano Teaching Model from the Perspective of "Internet+"
Authors: Zhu Qiong
Published: May 2021

As an important course for music majors in colleges and universities, piano lessons need to enable students to master the theoretical knowledge of piano and form certain playing skills.Relying on the Internet+, reconstructing the piano teaching mode will help improve teaching efficiency and quality.This article first discusses the connotation characteristics and teaching functions of internet+, and then examines the current deficiencies in piano teaching from the perspective of internet+. Finally, it proposes strategies for restructuring the piano teaching model, hoping to provide reference for college piano teachers.
Methodical approaches to assessing the effectiveness of animal husbandry
Authors: Myniv R. M.
Published: May 2021

Economic efficiency of livestock production is determined using a system of indicators, among which the main (generalizing) indicator of economic efficiency of livestock production is the achieved level of labor productivity. This indicator has a significant impact on other derivative indicators. A comprehensive assessment of the efficiency of farming systems should be carried out using a generalized indicator of the efficiency of the used resources of the livestock enterprise and an indicator of the share of growth of livestock products. The matrix method is the most acceptable for the analysis and an estimation of efficiency of work of the livestock enterprises. It allows: to rank livestock enterprises according to the achieved level of efficiency (static task); to study changes in the level of efficiency of livestock enterprises during the analyzed period (dynamic task); determine the dependence of farm performance on intensive and extensive factors. To assess the economic efficiency of feed production in animal husbandry use the indicator “marginal productivity of feed (feed protein) unit”. Evaluation of productive use of dairy cows is carried out using the coefficient of productivity intensity, which is calculated by the ratio of the average milk yield per day to the lifetime milk yield of cows. The complexity of livestock mechanization, individual technological lines or specific machines and equipment is determined by the calculated technical and economic indicators, comparing them with the indicators obtained in practice of the existing facility or basic analogue, or with the best examples of domestic or world practice. The application of the above indicators of analysis and evaluation of livestock efficiency will provide: assessment of the effectiveness of production systems by livestock enterprises in modern conditions of their development; objective characteristics of farming and the main results of activities in animal husbandry; identification of the most rational options for improving the efficiency of animal husbandry; comparative assessment of the efficiency of livestock enterprises operating in the same natural and economic conditions; measuring production efficiency in livestock and related industries; identification and evaluation of a set of measures for the development of animal husbandry aimed at improving the efficiency of its operation.
La percepción de los exportadores sobre el apoyo a la internacionalización
Authors: De Política Comercial S. G. de Estudios y Evaluación de Instrumentos
Published: May 2021

En este artículo se presentan los resultados de la Encuesta de Percepciones sobre el Apoyo a la Internacionalización de 2021 (EPAI 2021). Se trata de una investigación que aporta información sobre el conocimiento que tienen las empresas que exportan con regularidad acerca de los principales instrumentos de apoyo a la internacionalización (ICEX, CESCE, las líneas ICO de internacionalización, la red de Oficinas Económicas y Comerciales en el exterior, FIEM y COFIDES), el uso que hacen de los mismos y el grado de satisfacción con los resultados obtenidos. La EPAI 2021 ofrece, además, resultados desagregados por sectores e intervalos de exportación y, en el caso de los principales instrumentos (ICEX y CESCE), explora las causas por las que algunas empresas no los utilizan, a pesar de conocerlos. Las valoraciones de las empresas, obtenidas a través de la encuesta, facilitan que se alcancen conclusiones útiles para la mejora de la eficacia de las políticas de apoyo a la internacionalización.
El sector financiero en África
Authors: AMENET Proyecto , MFW4A Iniciativa
Published: May 2021

Este artículo es el primero de una serie que es resultado de la colaboración entre la red universitaria AMENET y la iniciativa Making Finance Work for Africa (MFW4A). A modo de introducción, el artículo se limita a la descripción general de los avances más notables que se han producido en el desarrollo del sector financiero en África desde los años noventa. La transformación se ha acelerado tras la crisis financiera de 2008 con la sustitución progresiva de los bancos europeos y americanos que dominaban el sector por un grupo dinámico de entidades panafricanas, principalmente de Sudáfrica, Nigeria y Marruecos. Esta misma dinámica se ha trasladado al sector de seguros y de los mercados financieros. Las bolsas han pasado de ser nueve en 1989 a treinta en 2020 y se encuentran en un proceso de interconexión muy avanzado que ha ampliado la liquidez y la diversificación de productos. Otros dos aspectos destacados del proceso han sido el avance de la inclusión financiera gracias a la penetración de la banca telefónica, en la que África es líder mundial, y el refuerzo de la regulación y los sistemas de supervisión. Esta transformación financiera está favoreciendo el proceso de integración económica a nivel continental y la interconexión con los mercados financieros a escala mundial.
Ahorro Genuino y sostenibilidad “débil”: una aproximación crítica desde el caso español en el largo plazo (1955-2010)
Authors: Iriarte Goñi Iñaki
Published: May 2021

Este trabajo realiza una aproximación crítica al Ahorro Genuino (GS) de la Economía española. Para ello toma como base la metodología estándar utilizada por el Banco Mundial y alarga la serie hacia atrás abarcando el periodo 1955-2010. El objetivo es valorar en qué medida ese indicador puede ofrecer información complementaria que permita entender mejor el crecimiento económico español de ese periodo y sus efectos ambientales. La principal conclusión es que el GS aporta información interesante que puede enriquecer la visión estándar del crecimiento, pero presenta muchos problemas a la hora de medir de manera adecuada el agotamiento de los recursos naturales y los daños ambientales del crecimiento. Eso hace que la medición estándar del GS esté muy mediatizada por la evolución del PIB y que, por tanto, no parezca un indicador adecuado para llegar a conclusiones fiables sobre la sostenibilidad ni siquiera en su sentido débil.
Presentación
Authors: Iriarte Goñi Iñaki , Barberán Ramón
Published: May 2021

Presentación
Reseña de Mora (2021) Infancia y enfermedad: La reconstrucción de un sentido ante la muerte
Authors: Chávez Gallo Jorge Alfonso
Published: May 2021

Reseña del texto Mora Huerta, Carolina (2021). Infancia y enfermedad: La reconstrucción de un sentido ante la muerte. Letra Minúscula.
Genetic Polymorphism In Individuals With Type II Diabetes Mellitus Using PCR-RAPD In Sidoarjo District
Authors: Mushlih Miftahul , Kumala Sari Fitri , A. Hadie Djauharoh , Ardiansyah Syahrul
Published: May 2021

Diabetes Mellitus type II (DMT2) is a metabolic disorder which its number increases from year to year. The Control of DMT2 sufferer’s number is difficult because DMT2 is caused by genetic and environmental factors. DMT2 can worsen infectious diseases for people with other infectious diseases. This study aimed to determine the polymorphism of sufferers and non-sufferers of T2DM using PCR-RAPD method. The sample of this study consisted of 60 samples which 30 positive samples and 30 negative samples taken from several clinics in Sidoarjo district. The primer used is A 18 (5'- AGGTGACCGT-3 '). Data analysis was performed using the SPSS 16.00 program and analyzed with a Cross-sectional Chi-square with a 95% confidence level. The results of this study produced 17 bands with length of 197 bp, 239 bp, 269 bp, 319 bp, 390 bp, 530 bp, 588 bp, 686 bp, 777 bp, 972 bp, 1175 bp, 1676 bp, 2780 bp, 3843 bp, 6563 bp, 11072 bp & 18434 bp. Four of them were monomorphic and two bands showed significantly different results at 319 bp (p: 0.035) and 18434 bp (p: 0.004).there were significant differences in the resulting band at 319 (p: 0.035) bp and 18434 bp (p: 0.004). Further analysis needs to be done to confirm the genes involved.
Translating risk to preventable burden by estimating numbers of bicycling injuries preventable by separated infrastructure on a Toronto, Ontario corridor
Authors: Thompson Calum , Branion-Calles Michael , Harris Anne
Published: May 2021

Objectives: Bicycling is a form of active transportation with a number of health benefits but carries a high risk of injury compared to other transportation modes. Safety intervention evaluations often produce results in the form of ratios, which can be difficult to communicate to policy-makers. The primary objective of this study was to estimate the number of bicycling injuries on an urban corridor preventable by separated bicycling infrastructure.

Methods: Stakeholders identified a key corridor with multiple segments having bicycling infrastructure but most of the corridor lacking similar infrastructure. We counted bicyclist volume along this route and used secondary data to supplement counts missing due to COVID-19. We used two reference studies including local bicycling population to estimate benefit of separated bicycling infrastructure and applied this to a city-wide estimate of baseline risk of injury per kilometre bicycled, which used a combination of secondary data sources including police, health care and travel survey data. Finally, we adjusted baseline risk to account for increased bicyclist volume during and following the COVID-19 pandemic.

Results: We estimated installation of fully separated cycle tracks along one Toronto corridor would prevent approximately 152.9 injuries and 0.9 fatalities over a 10-year period.

Discussion: Our results underscore the benefits of separated bicycling infrastructure. We identify several caveats for our results, including the limitations of studies used to estimate relative risk of infrastructure. Our method could be adapted for use in other cities or along other corridors. Finally, we discuss the role of preventable burden estimates as a knowledge translation tool.
Blood Donation Tested by Coronavirus Pandemy 2019 (Covid-19) in Cote d’Ivoire
Authors: Kambe Kambé Yves  , Hyda Jules  , Diabate Songui
Published: May 2021

The 2019 coronavirus pandemic (covid-19), which spread rapidly around the world, has disrupted all organizations and led to a decline in their productivity. Their reorganization was therefore essential. The purpose of this study was to analyze the resilience strategies adopted by the National Blood Transfusion Service (NBTS) to reverse the trend of population participation. Thus, based on the qualitative approach centered on free interviews conducted with 30 people including 27 managers of Blood Transfusion Establishments (Blood Transfusion Center (BTC), Blood Transfusion Antenna (BTA) and Sampling Site (SS)), 2 heads of department (Communication and Coordination of services), the chairman of the scientific advisory council and a direct observation, of the theory of resilience and the systemic method, the analysis of the data indicates that the resilience strategies adopted by the NBTS are four: the dynamic communication on blood donation, rational blood using, the reorganization of blood collections in fixed site (Sundays and extension of the collection time) and the reorganization of mobile collections (fragmentation of mobile collection activities on site).
The Relationship between Self Efficacies to Academic Cheating in Madrasah Aliyah Islamiyah Sunggal
Authors: Mustika Mustika , Hasmayni Babby , Sani Zulqarnain Nur
Published: May 2021

This study aims to find out The Relationship between Self Efficacies to Academic Cheating in Madrasah Aliyah Islamiyah Sunggal. Based on the results of the calculation of Product Moment Correlation, it is known that there is a negative relationship between self-efficacy and academic cheating, where Rxy = -0.624 with a significant p = 0.000 <0.05. This means that the lower the self-efficacy, the higher the academic cheating. Conversely, the higher the self-efficacy, the higher the academic cheating. The effective contribution of the self efficacy variable to academic cheating in Madrasah Aliyah Islamiyah Sunggal is 38.9%. While the remaining 61.1% is due to other factors such as moral and religious developments. In general, the results of the research on students of Madrasah Aliyah Islamiyah Sunggal had moderate self-efficacy, because the empirical average value was 89,372 which was smaller than the hypothetical average score of 93.00, while academic fraud was moderate, because the empirical average value was 204,117 which was higher greater than its hypothetical mean of 188.
Road Edge Parking Management Strategy in Semarang City: Collaborative Governance Perspective
Authors: Rumantir Maya , Warsono Hardi , Priyadi Budi Puspo , Astuti Retno Sunu , Afrizal Teuku
Published: May 2021

Roadside parking makes a large contribution to local revenue if managed properly. However, in its implementation, there have been many practices of "illegal parking" which have made the management very bad and caused losses to the parking users. Thus, government collaboration in parking management is important to involve all relevant stakeholders involved as a whole, forming cooperation, both in consensus and in decision making. This study focuses on-street parking management strategy from a collaborative governance perspective. This study used a descriptive qualitative method with the research location in the city of Semarang. Data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews with related agencies, apart from observing and documenting. From observations in the field, the researchers found that the Semarang City Government has not performed its function optimally as the main pillar in determining policies related to parking management. For this reason, a management strategy with a government collaboration concept approach that involves several stakeholders is needed to solve the parking problem collectively. With the concept of collaborative governance, it will reduce irregularities and monopolies in the implementation of parking management.
Morphosyntactical Errors in Students' Recount Text
Authors: Harahap Atika Nur Alami , Nurlela Nurlela , Mono Umar
Published: May 2021

The aims of the study are to identify the morphosyntactical errors which occur in students’ recount text, to describe the most and least of morphosyntactical errors in students’ recount text and to explain the reason of morphosyntactical errors occurrence in students’ recount text by XI AK at SMK Kartika 1-3 Medan. The primary data are all word, phrases and sentences in students’ recount text in the 2020 period. The method used was the qualitative method. The result of the research identified types of morphosyntactical errors; noun morphology, verb morphology, adverb morphology, adjective morphology, noun phrase, verb phrase, word order and transformation. Based the theory used to identify the error is adapted by dulay surface taxonomy, which are; addition, ommission, misorder, and misformation.  Misformation of verb morphology is the most frequent error made by the student around 45% of the total error came from this error and parameter. The second most frequently error are ommission of noun phrase with the total error sum up to 21%, misordering of noun morphology 13%, addition of verb 11%, addition of word order 8%, the last adverb and adjective morphology 1%. On the other hand, transformation parameters in all errors didn’t occur due to the monotonous of sentences used by student. Almost all the sentences are in the form of declarative sentence with a positive statement form. This research concludes that the student less of information about the use verb 2 in recount text, so they just write what they know and the student confused in used verb especially changed verb 1 into verb 2 in recount text. The reason behind this error is due to ‘Misconception’ of the student.
The Effect of Work Motivation and Leadership Styles on Employee Performance (Case Study at the Class III Port Administration Unit Office - Serui, Yapen Regency, Papua)
Authors: Karim Rifai
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze work motivation and leadership style on employee performance. This research is a quantitative study using the method of causality analysis. The sample of this study was 53 employees of the Class III Serui Port Administration Unit (KUPP). The research instrument was a questionnaire with a 5-point Likert scale. Data were analyzed by multiple linear regression test. The results of this study indicate that 1) work motivation has a significant effect on employee performance at the Class III Serui Papua Port Administration Unit Office. The higher the work motivation possessed by employees, the higher the resulting performance. 2) Leadership style has a significant effect on the performance of employees at the Serui Papua Class III Port Administration Unit Office.
On the technical modernization of agriculture
Authors:   VIM, Fedorenko V.F. ,   Rosinformagrotekh
Published: May 2021

It is shown that current agricultural production is based on the use of innovative technical means and machine technology, and the strategy of rational and effective implementation of the created biotechnological potential is the most promising, popular and required one.
Promising Areas of Technological Support for the Compound Feed Production
Authors:   Rosinformagrotekh, Nemenushchay L.A.
Published: May 2021

The promising areas of technological support of compound feed production facilities have been established. The main specifications and advantages and disadvantages of promising types of technical equipment are indicated. Projects of industrial and scientific institutions in the field of feed production that allow reducing the cost and improving the quality of the finished feed have been selected. The main areas of improving technological support using domestic equipment are highlighted.
Frequency of Hypoglycemia in Medical Emergency Department of A Tertiary Care Hospital of Bangladesh
Authors: Barua Shangkar , Chowdhury Mohammad Mahabubul Alam , Salam Ahmed , Uddin Md Rafiq , Chowdhury Sumon Rahman , Kabir Mohammad Mahmudul , Kabir Md Lutful , Chowdhury Sharmin , Mohiuddin SM
Published: May 2021

Background: Hypoglycemia is the commonest medical emergency in diabetic patients. It is also the most important limiting factor in intensive control of diabetes. To find out the frequency of hypoglycemia in Medical Emergency of BIRDEM General Hospital.

Materials and methods: This cross sectional observational study was done at the Medical Emergency Department of BIRDEM General Hospital, Dhaka, during the period of March, 2015 to November, 2015. Among the patients attending the emergency department, hypoglycemic patients were identified. Socio-demographic, clinical and biochemical data was collected from these patients. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS version 23.0.

Results: Among the 20564 patients attending the medical emergency department in the specified time period, 577 (2.8%) patients had hypoglycemia. More than half (50.09%) patients were found mild impairment of consciousness (GCS >12).

Conclusion: The present study found that frequency of hypoglycemia in patients attending in Medical Emergency Department of BIRDEM General Hospital was 2.80%.

Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.20 (1); January 2021; Page 8-11
Knowledge and Awareness of Parents Toward Thalassemia
Authors: Barua Tanuka , Barua Dazy , Das Dhananjoy , Talukdar Rupam , Sultana Razia , Arzu Mahmood A Chowdhury
Published: May 2021

Background: Thalassemias are the most common heritable blood disorders that represents a major public concern. Poor awareness and lack of knowledge lead to increase number of carrier that is a silent reservoir of the disease. To observe the knowledge and awareness level of parents of thalassemic children about the disease.

Materials and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Thalassemia ward of Chattogram Maa Shishu-O-General Hospital, Chattogram from July 2013 to June, 2014. Parents of 70 thalassemia patients aged 2-18 years interviewed with a formulated questionnaire based on knowledge status and awareness level of parents towards thalassemia. Data were analyzed by both manually and by SPSS-18.

Results: Majority of patients were from rural background (54.3%). Only 8.6% parents were consanguineous parents and majority of them completed only secondary education. 44.3% resolved it as inherited disorder. 52.9% resolved thalassemia cannot be cured. Only 24.3% regarded bone marrow transplantation as a measure of cure. More than half (55.7%) did not know how to prevent thalassemia. Only 37.1% knew about prenatal diagnosis. Carrier status of both father and mother were unknown in majority of patients (80%) and screening of sibs was not done at all in a significant number of patients (51.5%). Only 34.3% wanted to do prenatal diagnosis after conception and 65.7% parents were ready to accept therapeutic abortion if fetus would be diagnosed as thalassemia by prenatal diagnosis.

Conclusion: Knowledge level and awareness of parents of thalassemic child regarding the disease is unsatisfactory. To reduce disease burden an awareness program regarding the disease and its prevention covering premarital screening, acceptance of prenatal diagnosis and therapeutic abortion is essential.

Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.20 (1); January 2021; Page 12-15
Editoriale
Authors: Sbaragli Silvia
Published: May 2021

«Sovente ho messo piede sui ponti che uniscono (o dovrebbero unire) la cultura scientifica con quella letteraria scavalcando un crepaccio che mi è sempre sembrato assurdo. C’è chi si torce le mani e lo definisce un abisso, ma non fa nulla per colmarlo; c’è anche chi si adopera per allargarlo, quasi che lo scienziato e il letterato appartenessero a due sottospecie umane diverse, reciprocamente alloglotte, destinate ad ignorarsi e non interfeconde. È una schisi innaturale, non necessaria, nociva […]». (Primo Levi, 1985, p. 14)
Così scriveva Primo Levi per sottolineare l’irragionevolezza di una separazione radicata tra cultura scientifica e cultura umanistica. Siamo d’accordo con lo scrittore: si tratta davvero di un’irragionevole separazione, e intendiamo metterci dalla parte di coloro che provano a fare qualcosa, per quanto piccolo, per colmare l’abisso.
Così, il numero 9 della rivista, primo numero speciale, cerca di fornire spunti per unire i due “mondi” evocati nella citazione, scegliendo due particolari discipline: la matematica e la lingua italiana, troppo a lungo erroneamente intese come separate sia sul piano scientifico, sia su quello didattico. Continua a leggere...