bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comunicação pública e divulgação científica em tempos de Covid-19: ações desenvolvidas na Universidade Federal de Uberlândia - Brasil
Authors: Omena dos Santos Adriana C. , Almeida Diélen dos Reis Borges , Crepaldi Thiago Augusto Arlindo Tomaz da Silva
Published: July 2020

Diante de uma pandemia, como a da COVID-19, a comunicação pública da ciência se torna fundamental por fornecer à sociedade conteúdos embasados cientificamente e que considerem o interesse público. O presente artigo teve por objetivo apresentar as ações de comunicação das ciências sobre a COVID-19, produzidas pela Divisão de Divulgação Científica da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (Minas Gerais/Brasil). Realizou-se uma pesquisa documental, participante, descritiva e de campo no setor da instituição, para levantar e apresentar as produções sobre o coronavírus, no período de 06 de fevereiro de 2020 a 08 de maio de 2020. Constatou-se que a Divisão de Divulgação Científica da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia tem apresentado esforços significativos para produzir conteúdos de divulgação sobre a COVID-19 por meio do jornalismo científico, buscando alcançar a comunicação pública da ciência. Este estudo evidenciou a importância da comunicação pública da ciência em ações de divulgação científica, sobretudo em momentos como o da pandemia do coronavírus, em que o interesse público deve estar fundamentado em critérios científicos.
Las enseñanzas de los thrillers epidémicos al estudio de la Covid-19
Authors: Grande-López Víctor
Published: July 2020

Introducción: Una excesiva confianza aleja la prevención de lo imprevisible y el cine a través de los thrillers epidémicos ha sido un gran maestro en mantener viva las incertidumbres. Objetivo: Analizar diez películas basadas en enfermedades zoonóticas que a través de sus historias generan ideas para aplicarlas desde una comunicación en salud al estudio de la COVID-19. Metodología: Selección de películas a través de la base de datos IMDb (Internet Movie Date Base), análisis fílmico y valorativo de los textos audiovisuales como obras de comunicación. Resultados: Mostrar epidemias a una cierta distancia desde la pantalla se ven lejanas e improbables, pero al final invitan a pensar y dan toques de atención de que algún día esos escenarios pueden convertirse en cercanos y probables. Se destaca de las películas la importancia de mantener distancias entre los animales reservorios y los humanos para lograr evitar futuras zoonosis virales. Conclusiones: Prevenir en salud es cuidar y cuando se afrontan pandemias de rápida propagación e incierta previsión como la COVID-19, la mejor receta para su gestión es aprender de actuaciones pasadas, extraer ideas y encontrar soluciones a nuevas preguntas.
Plataformas fact-checking: las fakes news desmentidas por Newtral en la crisis del coronavirus en España
Authors: Pozo-Montes Yaiza , León-Manovel Marina
Published: July 2020

Introducción: El fact-checking, o la verificación de datos, se ha convertido en una práctica periodística cada vez más en boga. Sin duda, una herramienta que ha demostrado ser necesaria para desmentir las fake news que circulan por las redes sociales, tal y como ha sucedido en el caso concreto de la crisis sanitaria del coronavirus. Objetivos: Analizar las características de las noticias falsas desmentidas por Newtral Media Audiovisual y determinar su tendencia durante las sucesivas prórrogas del Estado de Alarma. Metodología: Se han examinado 104 informaciones que hacen referencia al COVID-19 en España, desde el 14 de marzo hasta el 4 de mayo de 2020, mediante el análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo del estudio de caso. Resultados: Todas las fake news han convergido en diferentes redes sociales, pero el canal principal para su difusión ha sido WhatsApp, siendo el texto y el audio los formatos que han presentado una mayor manipulación. La temática predominante de los bulos ha sido la política y las falsas atribuciones a instituciones han logrado engañar a la ciudadanía. Conclusiones: El fact-checking constata su éxito para desmentir las falsedades mediante el uso de datos. Se trata de un fenómeno actual que requiere ser investigado en diversos campos académicos.
PENDIDIKAN USIA DINI BERBASIS KESEHATAN UNTUK MENURUNKAN ANGKA KESAKITAN PADA BALITA DAN ANAK DI SURABAYA
Authors: Damayanti Ratih , Nilamsari Neffrety
Published: July 2020

Clean and Healthy Life Behavior is important to be included in the material taught in kindergarten / KB schools which are elements of early childhood education (PAUD).  Because lessons that are implanted early on will make an impression and will always be done by children to adulthood. In addition, clean and healthy living behavior, as a preventive measure, can help reduce infant mortality due to infectious diseases, both water borne disease and food born disease. TK-KB and TPA Lasiyam and TK-KB Masyithah are representatives of two districts, namely Tambaksari District and Mulyorejo District for this community service program. The program aims to increase the knowledge of teachers and caregivers in these two schools in the hope that teachers and caregivers can teach clean and healthy living behavior to their students. The increase of knowledge for teachers and caregivers in PAUD will be important to help reduce the number of morbidity and the establishment of knowledge of health knowledge for students in kindergarten, family planning, TPA Lasiyam and TK & KB Masyithah.abstrakPerilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat penting untuk dimasukkan dalam materi yang diajarkan di sekolah TK / KB yang merupakan elemen pendidikan anak usia dini (PAUD). Karena pelajaran yang ditanamkan sejak dini akan membuat kesan dan akan selalu dilakukan oleh anak hingga dewasa. Selain itu, perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat, sebagai tindakan pencegahan, dapat membantu mengurangi kematian bayi karena penyakit menular, baik penyakit yang terbawa air dan penyakit bawaan makanan. TK-KB dan TPA Lasiyam dan TK-KB Masyithah adalah perwakilan dari dua kabupaten, yaitu Kecamatan Tambaksari dan Kecamatan Mulyorejo untuk program layanan masyarakat ini. Program ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan para guru dan pengasuh di kedua sekolah ini dengan harapan bahwa para guru dan pengasuh dapat mengajarkan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat kepada siswa mereka. Peningkatan pengetahuan untuk guru dan pengasuh di PAUD akan penting untuk membantu mengurangi angka morbiditas dan pembentukan pengetahuan kesehatan bagi siswa di taman kanak-kanak, keluarga berencana, TPA Lasiyam dan TK & KB Masyithah.
PEMBERDAYAAN PENGUSAHA KECIL DAN MENENGAH MELALUI KEPEMILIKAN SERTIFIKAT MEREK
Authors: Sujatmiko Agung , Silvia RR Fiska
Published: July 2020

The legal protection for trademark in Indonesia is regulated in Law Number 20 Year 2016. According to the legal system which has adopted, this Act requires that legal protection of trademark available to be obtained through the registration, on the other words that there is an obligation for the owners to register their own trademarks. In fact, several small and medium entrepreneurs (SMEs) in Kediri still do not have awarnesse to register their own trademark yet, due to lack of the literation about the legal system of trademark, the procedure and its application. Unfortunately, it is common for the SMEs in Kediri used to use the other parties' trademark without any permission. The application of the trademark without permission is a violation in the perspective of intellectual property law. This situation will be facing the dispute among the parties, especially the claim from the genuine trademark owner who have registered their trademark first. The dispute will spend the time, energy and alot of money. For this reason, it is necessary to do a community service as assistance or accompaniment action, namely assist the SMEs in Tofu Industries in order to register the trademark which apply at Kediri Regency. The main goal of this community service is the SMEs will have legal awareness about the ownership of trademark certificate.AbstrakPerlindungan hukum atas merek di Indonesia diatur dalam Undang-undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2016. Berdasar sistem konstitutif yang dianut, undang-undang itu mensyaratkan bahwa perlindungan hukum atas merek bisa diperoleh melalui pendaftaran, artinya ada kewajiban bagi pemilik merek untuk mendaftarkan mereknya. Banyak pengusaha kecil dan menengah di Kediri belum memiliki merek sendiri, sehingga tidak jarang menggunakan merek pihak lain tanpa izin. Penggunaan merek tanpa izin merupakan pelanggaran. Untuk itu itu perlu dilakukan pendampingan pendaftaran merek bagi pengusaha kecil dan menengah di bidang Tahu di Kabupaten Kediri. Penggunaan merek sendiri akan menunjang pendapatan pelaku usaha kecil dan menenngah. Hal itu didapat dari penggunaan merek yang aman dan bebas dari gugatan pihak lain yang sangat menyita waktu, tenaga dan uang. Atas dasar itu, penganbdian masyarakat ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode sosialisasi tentang fungsi pendaftaran merek dan manfaat sertifikat merek. Selain sosialisasi dilakukan juga pendampingan pengurusan sertifikat merek. Tujuannya agar para pengusaha kecil dan menengah memiliki kesadaran hukum tentang pentingnya kepemilikan sertifikat merek.
CONTENT ANALYSIS: EXPLORING THE SUITABILITY OF BUSINESS ENGLISH TEXTBOOK FROM LEARNER’S PERSPECTIVE
Authors: Saat Pangulu Sudarta , Boeriswati Endry , Rasjid Yumna
Published: July 2020

ABSTRACT

This research aims to find out how the following aspects of analysis in textbook evaluation can facilitate assessment of the suitability of the text book students have been using as the main course book. The aspects are (1) use of business language skills and grammar (2) business vocabulary (3) business related materials (4) pedagogic features.The textbook being referred to is Market Leader, Third edition, Elementary published by Pearson Education, London, United Kingdom.  The gap filled in this research and prior  research is that they are prior-use textbook evaluation, while this article is based on a in-use textbook evaluation.  To achieve the aim, this research employs Philipp Mayring’s Qualitative Content Analysis research method, and Chengqian Guo’s new text book evaluation model as the framework developed from previous evaluation models.

 Keywords: Business English text book suitability; Content Analysis; Textbook evaluation; Phillpp Mayring’s Content Analysis; Chengqian Guo’s New Textbook Evaluation Model
KONTRIBUSI POLA ASUH GURU TERHADAP KREATIVITAS BERPIKIR SISWA
Authors: Izzah Faiq Nurul , Ni’am Ni’am
Published: July 2020

Guru harus menampilkan sikap dan perilaku yang mendukung perwujudan bakat dan minat anak dengan cara memujinya, menghargainya, memperlakukannya secara wajar, memberikan dukungan positif serta bergaul secara hangat dan terbuka dengan anak. Guru harus memahami sudut pandang anak dan menanggapi perilaku anak secara logis sesuai dengan kapasitas berpikir anak. Guru memperhatikan dan menghargai setiap karya anak serta responsif terhadap perkembangan pemikiran anak. Selain itu juga bersifat permisif untukmempersilakan anak berinisiatif dan berkreasi serta terlibat aktif dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian berjenis kualitatif ini menyimpulkan bahwa siswa di MI XX yang diajar oleh guru yang friendly dan santai akan lebih mudah menjadi anak yang mempunyai kreativitas dalam berpikir. Mereka lebih berani mengungkapkan pendapatnya dan memperlihatkan apa yang mereka buat kepada gurunya. Sedangkan siswa yang diajar oleh guru yang sedikit lebih keras dan kurang friendly mereka lebih tenang tetapi tidak banyak mengeluarkan idenya.

 
PEMBELAJARAN APRESIASI SASTRA DENGAN PENDEKATAN WHOLE LANGUANGE DI KELAS RENDAH SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Susanti Rini Dwi
Published: July 2020

Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di sekolah dasar di dalamnya juga termasuk pembelajaran sastra. Pembelajaran sastra di SD/MI diharapkan siswa dapat menikmati dan memanfaatkan karya sastra untuk memperluas wawasan, memperhalus budi pekerti, serta meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kemampuan berbahasa. Pada akhirnya melalui karya sastra siswa juga dapat menghargai sastra Indonesia sebagai khazanah budaya dan intelektual manusia Indonesia. Proses pembelajaran bahasa (sastra) dengan pendekatan whole language, merupakan salah satu pendekatan yang komprehensif dalam pembelajaran bahasa dan sastra di sekolah dasar. Tujuan dari pendekatan ini adalah adanya kerjasama antara siswa dan guru yang benar-benar saling mengisi. Siswa dapat aktif mengeksplorasi segala potensi yang dimiliki, sedangkan guru harus bersikap kooperatif, aktif, kreatif dan inovatif dalam proses pembelajaran.
IMPLEMENTING CHARACTER EDUCATION AS SOLUTION OF CHILDREN MORAL DECADENCE
Authors: Nurhisam Luqman
Published: July 2020

Character education is an important issue in the world of late-adult education. This is related to the phenomenon of moral decadence that occurs in the midst of society as well as in an increasingly diverse government environment. Among others include crime, injustice, corruption, violence in children, to the violation of human rights. This proves that there is indeed a crisis of identity and characteristics of the Indonesian nation. The existence of character education becomes an appropriate answer to the various problems that have been mentioned previously. It is known that character education is defined as education which develops character values in children so that they have values and character as their character, apply those values in their life, as members of society and religious, nationalist, productive and creative citizens. School as a place of education providers is expected to be a place capable of realizing the mission of character education.
INTEGRATING SPIRITUAL VALUES THROUGH ISLAMIC EDUCATION LEARNING USING BROCHURE TEACHING MATERIAL
Authors: Ilmi Muhammad , Rofiah Nurul Hidayati
Published: July 2020

This study aims to determine the steps of developing teaching materials in the form of brochures and know the feasibility of teaching brochure materials in learning Islamic Religious Education in primary schools. The method used Research and Development (R & D) with reference to that developed by Borg & Gall. Development steps are product analysis to be developed (needs analysis), initial product development, validation and revision, small-scale field trials and revisions, large-scale field trials and final product acquisition. Data were collected using interview guides, validation sheets, questionnaires, observation sheets, and tests (pre-test and post-test). The subjects of the study were the fourth grade students of SD Muhammadiyah SD Muhammadiyah Trini Gamping Sleman. The result of the research shows that the development of teaching materials for brochures is feasible to be used for Islamic education learning. By using teaching materials brochure can integrate the spiritual values in the learning process of Islamic religious education to learners in elementary school.
INTEGRATIVE THEMATIC LEARNING (INTEGRATION MODEL OF GENERAL SUBJECTS IN (ISLAMIC) ELEMENTARY SCHOOL WITH RELIGIOUS VALUES)
Authors: Frasandy Rendy Nugraha
Published: July 2020

This study aims to create an integrative thematic learning model by interfacing religious values into general subjects in 1 theme. The type of research used is literature study with analytical descriptive method by reviewing the books related to thematic, integrative and content analysis by analyzing integrated thematic book of Curriculum 2013 which is the teacher book of SD / MI class I up to class VI. In integrative thematic learning the researcher uses Lyndon B's webbed model using the theme as a learning center material developed into various subjects and integrated in religious values. The integration of religious values in this model is done by creating a table of competency analysis with the steps: First examine the various themes in each class, in each theme there are several sub themes. Second is choosing one sub theme from class I to class VI to develop basic competence to each subject. The third determines aspects that students develop such as attitude, knowledge and skills aspects. Fourth is integrating religious values by incorporating Qur'an verses in accordance with the basic competencies in each subject.
Funding and Service Delivery in Rural and Urban Local US Health Departments in 2010 and 2016
Authors: Beatty Kate , Heffernan Megan , Hale Nathan , Meit Michael
Published: July 2020

Objectives. To investigate differences in funding and service delivery between rural and urban local health departments (LHDs) in the United States.

Methods. In this repeated cross-sectional study, we examined rural–urban differences in funding and service provision among LHDs over time using 2010 and 2016 National Association of County and City Health Officials data.

Results. Local revenue among urban LHDs (41.2%) was higher than that in large rural (31.3%) and small rural LHDs (31.2%; P < .05). Small (20.9%) and large rural LHDs (19.8%) reported greater reliance on revenue from Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services than urban LHDs (11.5%; P < .05). All experienced decreases in clinical revenue between 2010 and 2016. Urban LHDs provided less primary care services in 2016; rural LHDs provided more mental health and substance abuse services (P < .05).

Conclusions. Urban LHDs generated more revenues from local sources, and rural LHDs generated more from the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services and clinical services. Rural LHDs tended to provide more clinical services. Given rural LHDs’ reliance on clinical revenue, decreases in clinical services could have disproportionate effects on them.

Public Health Implications. Differences in financing and service delivery by rurality have an impact on the communities. Rural LHDs rely more heavily on state and federal dollars, which are vulnerable to changes in state and national health policy.
Rural Population Health and Aging: Toward a Multilevel and Multidimensional Research Agenda for the 2020s
Authors: Jensen Leif , Monnat Shannon M. , Green John J. , Hunter Lori M. , Sliwinski Martin J.
Published: July 2020

The unique health and aging challenges of rural populations often go unnoticed. In fact, the rural United States is home to disproportionate shares of older and sicker people, there are large and growing rural–urban and within-rural mortality disparities, many rural communities are in population decline, and rural racial/ethnic diversity is increasing.

Yet rural communities are not monolithic, and although some rural places are characterized by declining health, others have seen large improvements in population health. We draw on these realities to call for new research in five areas.

First, research is needed to better describe health disparities between rural and urban areas and, because rural places are not monolithic, across rural America. Second, research is needed on how trends in rural population health and aging are affecting rural communities. Third, research is needed on the ways in which economic well-being and livelihood strategies interact with rural health and aging. Fourth, we need to better understand the health implications of the physical and social isolation characterizing many rural communities. Finally, we argue for new research on the implications of local natural environments and climate change for rural population health and aging.
Prediction of Slug Frequency for Medium Liquid Viscosity Two-Phase Flow in Vertical, Horizontal, and Inclined Pipes
Authors: Abdul-Majeed Ghassan H. , Firouzi Mahshid , Soto-Cortes Gabriel
Published: July 2020

Several experimental studies have been conducted to investigate the effect of liquid viscosity on slug frequency in horizontal, vertical, and inclined two-phase flows. Analyses of these studies reveal that the slug frequency is positively related to superficial liquid velocity and liquid viscosity; the superficial gas velocity has a dual minor effect on slug frequency, with an initial increase for low superficial gas velocity and then a decrease for high superficial gas velocity; and the slug frequency increases with increasing flow deviation from horizontal. Also, the analyses reveal that for inclined viscous flow, the slug frequency and slug length follow the same inverse relationship shown in horizontal and vertical slug flows. In the literature, several models have been developed for predicting slug frequency in viscous horizontal flows, whereas only a few models exist for viscous vertical and inclined flows. In this study, we aim to develop models for prediction of slug frequency in two-phase flow of medium liquid viscosity (30 ≤ μL ≤ 250 mPa·s). Dimensional analysis of four published experimental data sets (218 data points) indicates that slug frequency is related to two dimensionless numbers; namely, a modified Froude number and inverse viscosity number. As a result, three slug frequency closure models are proposed for vertical, horizontal, and inclined flows, using a combination of these two numbers. The proposed models are tested against the four data sets, and very good results are obtained, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.96 to 0.97.
The pattern of stressful life events prior to suicide among the elderly in rural China: a national case-control psychological autopsy study
Authors: Mo Qiqing , Ma Zhenyu , Wang Guojun , Jia Cunxian , Niu Lu , Zhou Liang
Published: July 2020

Background: There is a lack of evidence concerning the stressful life events experienced prior to suicide which may be associated with an increased suicide risk for Chinese rural elderly. The aim of this study was to identify the pattern of stressful life events prior to suicide among the elderly in China. Methods: A total of 12 counties were randomly selected using two-stage stratified cluster sampling method. Suicide cases aged 60 years and older (n =242) were collected from those counties from June 2014 to September 2015. Matched living controls were selected 1:1 with suicide cases by age, gender, and location. Data in the study were collected through face-to-face interviews by a psychological autopsy method. The Life Event Scale for the Elderly was used to measure the stressful life events prior to suicide/interviews. Results: Approximately 99.6% of suicide cases and 88.4% of controls experienced at least one stressful life event. The suicide group experienced more long-term stressful life events than recent stressful life events. The top three most frequent stressful life events for the suicide group were being diagnosed with chronic disease, hospitalization, and being diagnosed with terminal illness. More female suicide cases experienced the death of a spouse, while more males experienced hospitalization, diagnosis with terminal illness and family poverty. Experiencing at least one stressful life event, having unstable marital status, physical diseases and mental disorders were the factors that increased the risk of suicide.Conclusions: Stressful life events were common for the rural elderly, especially long-term stressful life events. The experience of at least one stressful life event can increase suicide risk for this population. More attention should be given to the rural elderly who experienced more long-term stressful life events and experienced health related life events.
Multi-level validation of the German physical activity barriers self-efficacy scale in a sample of female sixth-graders
Authors: Bachner Joachim , Sturm David Joseph , Haug Stephan , Demetriou Yolanda
Published: July 2020

The authors have withdrawn this preprint due to a need to make corrections.
A cross-sectional study of Swiss ambulatory care services use by multimorbid patients in primary care in the light of the Andersen model
Authors: Messi Mia , Mueller Yolanda , Haller Dagmar M. , Zeller Andreas , Neuner-Jehle Stefan , Streit Sven , Burnand Bernard , Herzig Lilli
Published: July 2020

Background: Multimorbidity is frequently encountered in primary care and is associated with increasing use of healthcare services. The Andersen Behavioral Model of Health Services Use is a multilevel framework classifying societal, contextual, and individual characteristics about the use of healthcare services into three categories: 1. predisposing factors, 2. enabling factors, and 3. need factors. The present study aimed to explore multimorbid patients' use of ambulatory healthcare in terms of homecare and other allied health services, visits to GPs, and number of specialists involved. A secondary aim was to apply Andersen's model to explore factors associated with this use. Method: In a cross-sectional study, 100 Swiss GPs enrolled up to 10 multimorbid patients each. After descriptive analyses, we tested the associations of each determinant and outcome variable of healthcare use, according to the Andersen model: predisposing factors (patient's demographics), enabling factors (health literacy (HLS-EU-Q6), deprivation (DipCare)), and need factors (patient's quality of life (EQ-5D-3L), treatment burden (TBQ), severity index (CIRS), number of chronic conditions, and of medications). Logistic regressions (dichotomous variables) and negative binomial regressions (count variables) were calculated to identify predictors of multimorbid patients' healthcare use.Results: Analyses included 843 multimorbid patients; mean age 73.0 (SD 12.0), 28–98 years old; 48.3% men; 15.1% (127/843) used homecare. Social deprivation (OR 0.75, 95%CI 0.62–0.89) and absence of an informal caregiver (OR 0.50, 95%CI 0.28–0.88) were related to less homecare services use. The use of other allied health services (34.9% (294/843)) was associated with experiencing pain (OR 2.49, 95%CI 1.59–3.90). The number of contacts with a GP (median 11 (IQR 7-16)) was, among other factors, related to the absence of an informal caregiver (IRR 0.90, 95%CI 0.83–0.98). The number of specialists involved (mean 1.9 (SD 1.4)) was linked to the treatment burden (IRR 1.06, 95%CI 1.02–1.10).Conclusion: Multimorbid patients in primary care reported high use of ambulatory healthcare services variably associated with the Andersen model's factors: healthcare use was associated with objective medical needs but also with contextual or individual predisposing or enabling factors. These findings emphasize the importance of adapting care coordination to individual patient profiles.
Lived experience of intimate partner violence among women using antiretroviral therapy and other outpatient services in Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia: A phenomenological study
Authors: Meskele Mengistu , Khuzwayo Nelisiwe , Taylor Myra
Published: July 2020

Background: Ethiopia is one of the nations which has an enormous burden of intimate partner violence (IPV), and where it is usually difficult to talk about HIV separately from IPV. Objectives: This research aimed to explore the lived experience of IPV against women using antiretroviral therapy (ART) and other outpatient services in Wolaita Zone, Ethiopia Methods: We used an Interpretive (hermeneutic) Phenomenological Analysis design among purposely selected adult women aged 18-49 years. A total of 43 women involved in this study, of whom 30 were using ART, and 13 women were using other health services. We used an in-depth interview and focus group discussions until data saturation, while conscious of the need to maintain the scientific rigor, dependability, and credibility. The data were transcribed verbatim and translated into English. We read the transcripts repeatedly to understand the content. We used NVivo 11 software to assist with data organization, and also, we used the framework analysis method. Results: We identified five themes from this analysis, namely: “women's terrifying experiences of violence,” “the effect of violence on women's health,” “support/lack of support /partner’s controlling behaviors,” “women’s feelings about the available services,” and “IPV prevention strategies from the perspective of women.” Interviewees described their violent experiences which included wife-beating, being stigmatized in front of others, having material thrown at the woman’s face, wife’s hand and teeth were broken, forced sex, restriction of movement, name-calling, threats to hurt, being insulted, being left alone, and the withdrawal of finances. The negative health impacts reported included abortion, infection with HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases, disability, child’s death, and depression. The disclosure of HIV test information resulted in violence. Inappropriate punishment of the perpetrator and the lack of a supportive women’s network to avert IPV were perceived as legal limitations .by the women. Conclusions: IPV is a considerable health burden, varying in its presentation and its negative impact on women’s health. Improved laws should provide justice for all victims. Establishing a women’s network to assist should be emphasized. Unwise HIV test result disclosure leads to IPV; hence HIV disclosure should be facilitated through health care providers.
Differentiation of soft tissue and bone sarcomas from benign lesions utilizing 18F- FDG PET/CT-derived parameters
Authors: Chen Bo , Feng Hongbo , Xie Jinghui , Li Chun , Zhang Yu , Wang Shaowu
Published: July 2020

Background: Accurate differentiation between malignant and benign changes in soft tissue and bone lesions is essential for the prevention of unnecessary biopsies and surgical resection. Nevertheless, it remains a challenge and a standard diagnosis modality is urgently needed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET/CT-derived parameters to differentiate soft tissue sarcoma (STS) and bone sarcoma (BS) from benign lesions. Methods: Patients who had undergone pre-treatment 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging and subsequent pathological diagnoses to confirm malignant (STS and BS, n = 37) and benign (n = 33) soft tissue and bone lesions were retrospectively reviewed. The tumor size, PET and low-dose CT visual characteristics, maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumor volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), and heterogeneous factor (HF) of each lesion were measured. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the significant risk factors to distinguish sarcoma from benign lesions. To establish a regression model based on independent risk factors, and the receiver operating characteristic curves (ROCs)of individual parameters and their combination were plotted and compared. Conventional imaging scans were re-analyzed, and the diagnostic performance compared with the regression model.Results: Univariate analysis results revealed that tumor size, SUVmax, MTV, TLG, and HF of 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in the STS and BS group were all higher than in the benign lesions group (all P values were <0.01). The differences in the visual characteristics between the two groups were also all statistically significant (P <0.05). However, the multivariate regression model only included SUVmax and HF as independent risk factors, for which the odds ratios were 1.135 (95%CI: 1.026~1.256, P = 0.014) and 7.869 (95%CI: 2.119~29.230, P = 0.002), respectively. The regression model was constructed using the following expression: Logit (P) = -2.461+0.127SUVmax+2.063HF. The area under the ROC was 0.860, which was higher than SUVmax (0.744) and HF (0.790). The diagnostic performance of the regression model was superior to those of individual parameters and conventional imaging.Conclusion: The regression model including SUVmax and HF based on 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging may be useful for differentiating STS and BS from benign lesions.
MiR-137 Boosts the Neuroprotective Effect of Endothelial Progenitor Cell Derived-Exosomes in Oxyhemoglobin Treated SH-SY5Y Cells Partially via COX2/PGE2 Pathway
Authors: Li Yuchen , Wang Jinju , Chen Shuzhen , Wu Pei , Xu Shancai , Wang Chunlei , Shi Huaizhang , Bihl Ji
Published: July 2020

Background: We have previously verified the beneficial effects of exosomes from endothelial progenitor cells (EPC-EXs) in ischemic stroke. However, the effects of EPC-EXs in hemorrhagic stroke have not been investigated. Additionally, miR-137 is reported to regulate ferroptosis and to be involved in the neuroprotection against ischemic stroke. Hence, the present work explored the effects of miR-137-overexpressing EPC-EXs on apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and ferroptosis in oxyhemoglobin (oxyHb)-injured SH-SY5Y cells. Methods: The lentiviral miR-137 was transfected into EPCs and then the EPC-EXs were collected. RT-PCR was used to detect the miR-137 level in EPCs, EXs and neurons. The uptake mechanisms of EPC-EXs in SH-SY5Y cells were explored by the co-incubation of Dynasore, Pitstop 2, Ly294002 and Genistein. After the transfection of different types of EPC-EXs, flow cytometry and expression of cytochrome c and cleaved caspase-3 were used to detect the apoptosis of oxyHb-injured neurons. Neuronal mitochondrial function was assessed by reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) depolarization, and cellular ATP content. Cell ferroptosis was measured by lipid peroxidation, iron overload, degradation of glutathione and glutathione peroxidase 4. Additionally, recombinational PGE2 was used to detect if activation of COX2/PGE2 pathway could reverse the protection of miR-137 overexpression.Results: The present work showed 1) EPC-EXs could be taken in by SH-SY5Y cells via caveolin-/clathrin-mediated pathways and macropinocytosis; 2) miR-137 was decreased in neurons after oxyHb treatment, and EXsmiR-137 could restore the miR-137 levels; 3) EXsmiR-137 worked better than EXs in reducing the number of apoptotic neurons and pro-apoptotic protein expression after oxyHb treatment; 4) EXsmiR-137 are more effective in improving the cellular MMP, ROS and ATP level; 5) EXsmiR-137, but not EXs, protected oxyHb-treated SH-SY5Y cells against lipid peroxidation, iron overload, degradation of glutathione and glutathione peroxidase 4; 6) EXsmiR-137 suppressed the expression of the COX2/PGE2 pathway, and activation of the pathway could partially reverse the neuroprotective effects of EXsmiR-137. Conclusion: MiR-137 overexpression boosts the neuroprotective effects of EPC-EXs against apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in oxyHb-treated SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, EXsmiR-137 rather than EXs can restore the decrease in miR-137 levels and inhibit ferroptosis, and the protection mechanism might involve the miR-137-COX2/PGE2 signaling pathway.
Physical Activity Epidemiology of University Students
Authors: Gastélum-Cuadras Gabriel , LOPES TOMIRES CAMPOS , Oliveira Artur Luís Bessa de , Pernambuco Carlos Soares , Brandão Paula Paraguassú , Guimarães Andréa Carmen , Bello Maria de Nazaré Dias , Bispo Michael Douglas Celestino , Castro Leila , Carvalho Mauro Cesar Gurgel de Alencar , Valentim-Silva João Rafael , Dantas Estélio Henrique Martin
Published: July 2020

Background Moderate and vigorous physical activity is essential to maintain proper body composition and reduce the risk of ischemic heart disease, diabetes and cancer. In addition, it reduces the risk of stroke, hypertension and depression. Even so, it is an essential determinant of energy expenditure and, therefore, fundamental for energy balance and weight control. The objective of this epidemiological study is twofold: to quantify and qualify the physical activity of students at a federal public university in the Brazilian Midwest and to compare the level of physical activity of incoming and senior students, by sex and by campuses, considering the distance from large centers population. Method A questionnaire adapted for the Brazilian population was used, whose results were subjected to a normality test and the differences between groups were compared. Statistical significance was set at p <0.05. All results are presented as mean and standard deviation. Results 18,986 students enrolled on the 5 UFMT campuses, 9,720 students accessed the questionnaire. Of these, 7,379 had their answers validated, corresponding to 75.92% of accesses or 38.87% of the universe studied. This study found differences in the level of physical activity among university students, observing less physical activity on the Rondonópolis campus, less physical activity of students in the areas of Linguistics and Humanities, when compared with students from other areas, less physical activity of female students. when compared to male students and less physical activity among enrolled students compared to undergraduate students. Conclusions The results suggest the need for greater investment in policies to promote physical activity among university students in all fields.
A Single-Center Retrospective and Descriptive Study of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgical Oncology during the COVID-19 Epidemic
Authors: Zhao Zhi-Ming , Zhang Xiu-Ping , Xu Shuai , Tan Xiang-Long , Zhang Xuan , Hu Ming-Gen , Li Cheng-Gang , Gao Yuan-Xing , Zhao Guo-Dong , Liu Rong
Published: July 2020

Objective: In the battle against COVID-19, most medical resources in China have been directed to infected patients in Wuhan. Thus, patients with hepatobiliary pancreatic tumors who are not suffering from COVID-19 are often not given timely and effective anti-cancer treatments. In this study, we aimed to describe clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of patients with hepatobiliary and pancreatic oncology from our department, which retained normal working during the COVID-19 epidemic. We also sought to formulate a set of standardized hospitalization and treatment processes.Methods: A retrospective and descriptive study was conducted involving patients hospitalized from February 1, 2020, to February 29, 2020 (Return to work after the Spring Festival), at our Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgical Oncology. Results: The study included 92 patients from 12 provinces in the north of China who underwent surgical resection at our Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgical Oncology during the COVID-19 epidemic. Robotic surgery was performed on 82% (75/92) of patients, while the rest underwent laparoscopic (2/92) and open surgery (15/92). Eighty-six patients had malignant tumor, and six had emergency benign diseases. Only five patients had severe pancreatic fistula, and three had biliary fistula after operation. Conclusions: The standardized hospitalization and treatment processes described in this study could prevent cross-infection of patients and still ensure timely treatment of patients with hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancers. These study findings will guide the management of surgical oncology departments and treatment of patients with hepatobiliary and pancreatic oncology during serious epidemics.
Ammonium and Nitrate Shift the Spatial Distribution of Soil Bacterial Communities and Association Networks Along a Distance from Maize Roots in an Acidic Red Soil
Authors: Zhang Hao Qing , Zhao Xue Qiang , Shi Yu , Liang Yuting , Shen Ren Fang
Published: July 2020

Background: Ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3−) are two major inorganic nitrogen (N) forms available for plant growth. Soil microbes affect the availability and transformation of these N forms in the rhizosphere, and this affects the N-use efficiency of plants. However, little is known about the responses of the rhizosphere bacterial community structure to NH4+ and NO3−. Here, a rhizobox containing a root zone (root growing area) and various soil compartments (0–0.5 cm, 0.5–1 cm, 1–2 cm, 2–4 cm, and 4–9 cm from the root zone) was designed to investigate the spatial distribution of bacterial diversity, community structure, and co-occurrence patterns along a distance from maize (Zea mays L.) roots with the addition of 15N-labeled NH4+ or NO3− in an acidic red soil.Results: Addition of NH4+ and NO3− reduced soil bacterial diversity in the maize root zone. The structures of soil bacterial communities differed between NH4+ and NO3− in the root zone and 0.5 cm away from the root zone. Soil pH was the major driver of bacterial community assembly during plant uptake of N. Maize roots recruited potentially beneficial acidophilic bacteria (e.g. Acidibacter, Burkholderia, and Catenulispora) under NH4+ treatment, and recruited growth-promoting bacteria that prefer higher pH (e.g. Sphingomonas, Sphingobium, Azospirillum, and Novosphingobium) under NO3− treatment. In the N-fertilization treatments, the soil bacterial networks were more complex in the root zone and its adjacent 0.5–1 cm zone than in other soil compartments. The soil bacterial networks were more complex under NH4+ treatment than under NO3−. More bacterial taxa in the networks responded positively and negatively to soil residual NH4+ than to NO3− in all zones in the rhizobox.Conclusions: The combined effects of the N form and the rhizosphere influenced the spatial patterns and co-occurrence network of soil bacterial communities at different distances from the maize root zone, mainly because of changes in soil pH during the uptake of NH4+ and NO3− by maize roots. Regulating microbial communities by adjusting soil pH through NH4+ and NO3− supply may be an environmentally friendly option for promoting soil microbial functions in intensively managed agro-ecosystems.
Normalization of enzyme expression and activity regulating vitamin A metabolism increases RAR-beta expression and reduces cellular migration in diseases caused by tuberous sclerosis gene mutations
Authors: Abdelwahab ElHusseiny MM , Bovari-Biri Judit , Smuk Gabor , Harko Tunde , Fillinger Janos , Moldvay Judit , Krymskaya Vera , Pongracz Judit E
Published: July 2020

Background

Mutation in a tuberous sclerosis gene (TSC1 or 2) leads to continuous activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). mTOR activation alters various cellular functions including cellular metabolism. In association with altered metabolism, several studies have shown reduced retinoic acid receptor beta (RARβ) expression. Investigation of the altered metabolic process can offer the identification of novel therapeutic targets and therapeutic strategies in diseases caused by TSC mutation with limited treatment options.
Methods

RARβ expression, metabolic enzymes expression and activity were assessed in human kidney angiomyolipoma cell line, primary lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) tissue derived LAM cell lines as well as primary LAM lung tissue sections. TaqMan arrays, enzyme activities, qRT-PCRs, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescent staining, Western blotting and metabolic enzyme regulating miRNAs were analysed. The functional effects of retinoic acid (RA) and rapamycin were tested in a scratch assay and in a 3D aggregate tissue system to assess the ability of cell migration.
Results

Metabolic enzyme arrays revealed a general deregulation of many enzymes involved in vitamin A metabolism including aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs), alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) and Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1). Furthermore, RARβ downregulation was a characteristic feature of all TSC-deficient cells and tissues. Combination of the two FDA approved drugs -RA for acute myeloid leukaemia and rapamycin for TSC mutation- normalised metabolic enzyme activity, restored RARβ expression and reduced cellular migration.
Conclusion

Deregulation of vitamin A metabolizing enzymes is a feature of TSC mutation. RA can normalize RARβ levels and limit migration. Combination of RA with reduced dose of rapamycin might be able to decrease adverse effects of rapamycin offering an alternative treatment for patients with TSC mutation.
Evaluation of hydration status and fluid intake among low risk postpartum women in local community delivered in Hospital Ampang.
Authors: Zainal Nur Zaireena , Nor Nadeeya Ayn' Umaisara Mohamad , Azman Mohd Ikmal Hakim Mohd , Zainudin Nur Amirah Al Husna , Mustapa Siti Sarah , Mohamed Rasyidah , Ganesalingam Muralitharan , Mokhtar Rafidah Hanim
Published: July 2020

Background: Adequate fluid intake is very crucial for mothers during postpartum as any dehydration that ensues during this period may predispose them to the risk of developing venous thromboembolism event. Yet, the sociocultural influences may have deterred some of them from adequate fluid intake especially those from Asian region. This study aims to determine hydration status of low risk postpartum women during postpartum period among Malaysian women.Methods: A prospective observationalstudy involving assessment of hydrational status at 3 points; after 24 hours, at the 3rd week and at the 6th week postpartum was conducted. Apart from hydrational status where patients were requested to recordon weekly basis of their input and output fluid intake in a diary, they also underwent a series of biochemical parameters assessment.Results: 56 patients met the inclusion criteria. The sociodemographic data were analysed decriptively whereby all in the patients were in reproductive age group, with mean (SD) age of 27.96 (4.46) years.The majority were of Malay ethnicity 94.6% and 66.1% were multiparous. As many as 92% of them had at least secondary level of education and more than half were employed (55.4%). Subsequent analysis (n=15) at 3rd and 6th week following womenwho had completed all 3 follow ups showed; statistically significant evidence of underhydration from the biochemical test results. Repeated analysisat the 3rd week and 6th week revealed that there were significant differences using Friedman test in levels of urea (p=0.001b), creatinine(0.008b), as well as plasma osmolality (p<0.001b). Similarly with urine specific gravity(p=0.002) and urine osmolality (0.002a) calculated with repeated measures ANOVA from baseline. This correlated with the overall lack offluid intake taken by patients which recorded 1.78L/day at 3rd week and 2.13L/day by 6th week, values which were lower than recommended amount for nursing mother.Conclusion: The results suggested that lower fluid intake among low risk postpartum women during the postpartum period may predisposes risk of venous thromboembolism. Emphasizing adequate amount of fluid intake among low risk post partum women is crucial and will reduce possible risk of venous thromboembolism.
Prevention of LPS- induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Sheep by Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells
Authors: Chaleshtori Sirous Sadeghian , Dezfouli Mohammad Reza Mokhber , Abbasi Javad , Dehghan Mohammad Mehdi , Fakhr Massoumeh Jabbari , Yadollahi Shokufeh , Mirabad Mohammad Mehdi
Published: July 2020

In this study, 10 male Shall sheep were used in two groups and bone marrow samples were collected and BM-MSCs isolated. Then experimental model of ARDS was induced by intrapulmonary injection of LPS to dose of 400 μg/kg. Twenty-four hours after LPS injection, 5×107 cells of BM-MSCs were autologous transferred in the group of treatment and 1ml PBS was infused in the group of control as intrapulmonary. Then, the symptoms of clinical, complete blood count, analysis of arterial blood gases and the concentrations of IL6,IL10,TNF-α,total protein, Ig M and albumin BAL were determined before and at times of 3,6,12,24,48,72, and 168 after transplantation/infusion. The results of the investigations 24 hours post-LPS injection(time 0) indicated the occurrence of acute inflammation which confirmed ARDS model. These changes included increase in RR, HR and RT, decrease in PO2 and SatO2 and increase in PCO2, WBC, neutrophils, macrophages, total protein, IL6, IL10, TNF-α, Ig M and albumin. But the stem/stromal cells transplantation reduced the severity of clinical signs induced by LPS, caused significant increase in PO2, SatO2 and IL-10 and significant decrease in PCO2, the total protein, TNF-α, IL-6, Ig M, albumin, WBCs, neutrophils and macrophages at different times of sampling both in compared with before transplantation(time 0) and in compared with the group of control. While in the control group, inflammation continued until the end of the study. These results showed that BM-MSCs are able to reduce inflammation and have an important role in reconstruction of the damaged lung.