bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study Effects of Illumination and Temperature on Performance of (pn-Si) Device using Simulation Program SCAPS-1D
Authors: Rasool Raad , Hasan Ali A , Hasan Rasha F.
Published: June 2021

The current research included obtaining the best performance specifications for a silicon device with a mono-crystalline type pn junction (pn–Si). A simulation of the device was performed by the use of a computer program in one dimension SCAPS-1D in order to reach the optimum thickness for both p and n layers and to obtain the best efficiency in performance of the pn-Si junction. The optimum device efficiency was eta (η) = 12.4236 % when the ideal thickness for the p and n layers was 5µm and 1.175µm, respectively (p=5 µm and n=1.75µm).

     The research included studying the effects of different spectra of solar illumination using simulation of the device; the usual solar spectrum AM1_5 G1 sun. Spectrum, Black body spectrum, White spectrum constant photon flux, White spectrum constant photon power, Monochromatic spectrum constant flux, and Monochromatic spectrum constant power. The highest efficiency was obtained from the monochrome spectrum with constant power (eta (η) =22.4338 %). The effects of different temperatures on the device was studied on 250K, 300K, 350K, 400K, and 450K. The highest efficiency was revealed for Monochromatic spectrum constant power (eta (η) =24.5381 %) when the temperature was 250K.
Biostratigraphy of Yamama Formation in Faihaa Oil Field, Southern Iraq
Authors: Al-Hassani Maryam , Al-Dulaimi Salam
Published: June 2021

The Yamama Formation was studied in three wells (Fh-1, Fh-2, and Fh-3) within Faihaa oil field, south Iraq. Thin sections were studied by using the polarizing microscope examination in order to determine microfossils and biozone. Thirty-five species of benthic foraminifera were recognized, including four index species. In addition,  twelve species of calcareous green algae were recognized, including  two index species. Other fossils that were recognized in Yamama Formation include Gastropoda, Bryozoa, Coral, Rudist, and Pelecypoda.

Six biozones were observed, which are Charentia cuvillieri sp. (Range Zone of Berriasian age), Psudochryalidina infracretacea sp. (Range Zone of Berriasian age), Pseudocyclammina Lituus sp. (Range Zone of Valanginian age), Nezzazata Perforate sp.andChoffatella sp.(Assemblage Zoneof Berriasian-Valanginian age), Desycladales Green Algae- Cylindroporella sp. (Range Zone of Early Cretaceous- Berriasian age), and Desycladales Green Algae- Salpingoporella cf. circassa sp. (Range Zone of Valanginian age). According to these biozones, the age of Yamama Formation was distinguished to be the Berriasian-Valanginian.
FI--J-supplemented modules
Authors: Ali Abdlkareem , Khalid Wasan
Published: June 2021

A Module M is called cofinite  J- Supplemented  Module  if for every  cofinite submodule L of  M, there exists a submodule N of M such that M=L+N with   main properties of cof-J-supplemented modules.  An R-module M is called fully invariant-J-supplemented if for every fully invariant submodule N of M, there exists a submodule K of M, such that M = N + K with N  K K. A condition under which the direct sum of FI-J-supplemented modules is FI-J-supplemented was given. Also, some types of modules that are related to the FI-J-supplemented module were discussed.
On the Dynamics of an Eco-Epidemiological System Incorporating a Vertically Transmitted Infectious Disease
Authors: Abdul Satar Huda , Ibrahim Hiba Abdullah , Bahlool Dahlia Khaled
Published: June 2021

An eco-epidemiological system incorporating a vertically transmitted infectious disease is proposed and investigated. Micheal-Mentence type of harvesting is utilized to study the harvesting effort imposed on the predator. All the properties of the solution of the system are discussed. The dynamical behaviour of the system, involving local stability, global stability, and local bifurcation, is investigated. The work is finalized with the numerical simulation to observe the global behaviour of the solution.
Analysis and Prediction of COVID-19 Outbreak by a Numerical Modelling
Authors: Mohammed Dilshad Azad , Tawfeeq Hassan Mohammad , Ali Kameran Mohammed , Rostam Hassan Muhammad
Published: June 2021

Pandemic COVID-19 is a contagious disease affecting more than 200 countries, territories, and regions. Recently, Iraq is one of the countries that have immensely suffered from this outbreak. The Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) is also prone to the disease. Until now, more than 23,000 confirmed cases have been recorded in the region. Since the onset of the COVID-19 in Wuhan, based on epidemiological modelling, researchers have used various models to predict the future of the epidemic and the time of peak, yielding diverse numbers in different countries. This study aims to estimate the basic reproductive number [R0] for COVID-19 in KRI, using the standard SIR (Susceptible-Infected-Removed) epidemic model. A system of nonlinear differential equations was formulated and solved numerically by the 4th order Runge-Kutta method. The reproductive numbers R0 was estimated by the method of fitting the curves between the actual daily data and numerical solution by applying the least square method. For the analysis, data were taken for the duration of 165 days, from 1st of March to 12th August 2020, in a population of 5.2 million. It is concluded that the R0 value was fluctuating during the outbreak, with an average of 1.33, predicting that infection cases will reach their maximum value of around 540,000 on the 5th of November 2020. Then, the spread of the disease will die out since the number of susceptible people will decrease to about 3.2 million. While the number of removed individuals will reach approximately to 1.5 million.
KAJIAN PENATAAN ARSITEKTUR KAMPUNG ADAT KASEPUHAN CIPTAGELAR DALAM UPAYA PELESTARIAN BUDAYA
Authors: Purnama Sarah , Joedawinata Ahadiat , Rianingrum Cama Juli
Published: June 2021

Structuring traditional areas in Indonesia many still maintain and uphold the traditions of the local area. One of them is the Ciptagelar traditional village area which still applies Sundanese culture, but there are changes that can be seen from the management of the characteristics of building facilities in the Kasepuhan Ciptagelar traditional village in the form of environmental and cultural aspects. This study uses a descriptive qualitative analysis method that connects the typical Sundanese Architecture with Architecture in the Kasepuhan Ciptagelar Region, followed by the application of the design theory of Dr. Ahadiat Joedawinata is a nine element approach to analyzing the development of various formsof design, facilities, and materials. After that use the application of conservation efforts in the form of conservation. The output of the research resulted in recommendations regarding the management of thecharacteristics of the Sunda Indigenous Village in Ciptagelar so that it could be of interest to both local and foreign tourists to get to know about the characteristics and arrangement of Sundanese traditional Abstrak Penataan kawasan tradisional di Indonesia banyak yang masih mempertahankan dan memegang teguh tradisi dari daerahnya. Salah satunya yaitu Kawasan Kampung adat Ciptagelar yang masih menerapkan budaya Sunda, namun ada beberapa perubahan yang dapat dilihat dari pengelolaan karakteristik fasilitas bangunan di kampung adat KasepuhanCiptagelar yang berupa aspek lingkungan, dan budaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif analisis yang menghubungkan antara Arsitektur khas Sunda dengan Arsitektur yang ada di Kawasan Kasepuhan Ciptagelar setelah itu dilanjutkan dengan penerapan teori Desain karya Dr. Ahadiat Joedawinata yaitu pendekatan 9 unsur pemandudalam menganalisis perkembangan berbagai bentuk desain, fasilitas, dan material. Setelah itu menggunakan penerapan upaya pelestarian terhadap fasilitas berupa perservasi. Output dari penelitian menghasilkan rekomendasi mengenai pengelolaan terhadap karakteristikKampung Adat Sunda di Ciptagelar sehingga dapat diminati oleh wisatawan baik secara lokal maupun mancanegara untuk mengenal tentang karakteristik dan penataan kampungadat sunda.
KARAKTERISTIK BUKU ANAK YANG MEMORABLE DALAM MEMBANGUN KARAKTER ANAK
Authors: Wardaya Marina , Saidi Acep Iwan , Murwonugroho Wegig
Published: June 2021

Character education and moral values must be taught from children. One of the media that can be used to teach it is through stories, especially folklore. Children’s story books based on folklore are one of theimportant aids in helping parents guide children at an early age. In the early days, a child’s development lies more in the ability and awareness of parents in providing guidance one of them in the form of reading stories. Based on this, it is necessary to research how the characteristics of children’s story books based on folklore that are easy to remember or memorable so that they can build children’s character.The study uses qualitative data collection methods conducted by literature study and interviews with children and mothers and supported by observations. The data is processed using the thematic analysismethod to find the main pin expected from a children’s book so it is memorable. AbstrakPendidikan karakter dan nilai-nilai moral harus diajarkan sejak anak-anak. Salah satu media ynag bisa digunakan untuk mengajarkannya yaitu melalui cerita khususnya cerita rakyat. Buku cerita anak berbasis cerita rakyat merupakan salah satu media bantu yang penting dalam membantu orang tua membimbing anak dalam usia dini. Pada masa awal,perkembangan seorang anak lebih terletak pada kemampuan dan kesadaran orang tua dalam memberikan bimbingan salah satunya dalam bentuk membacakan cerita. Berdasarkan hal ini perlu dilakukan penelitian bagaimana karakteristik buku cerita anak berbasis cerita rakyatyang mudah diingat atau memorable sehingga bisa membangun karakter anak. Penelitian menggunakan metode pengambilan data kualitatif yang dilakukan dengan cara studi literatur dan wawancara dengan anak-anak dan para ibunya serta didukung dengan hasil observasi.Data diolah dengan menggunakan metode thematic analysis untuk menemukan pin utamayang diharapkan dari sebuah buku anak agar mudah diingat.
Acompañamiento profesional para la reinserción e inclusión social de mujeres en semilibertad
Authors: Amaro Agudo Ana , Berzosa Sáez Clotilde , Alcázar-Campos Ana , García-Vita María del Mar
Published: June 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo describir el tipo de acompañamiento institucional recibido por la población femenina en el medio abierto del Sistema Penitenciario Español, como ayuda a la inclusión social y la reinserción. Este trabajo se enmarca dentro del proyecto de investigación I+D+I “Procesos de reinserción y acompañamiento a mujeres en semilibertad (ref. EDU2016-79322-R) cuya metodología ha empleado métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos, de forma complementaria, aplicados a los 310 cuestionarios mixtos y a las 67 entrevistas semiestructuradas, diseñados ad hoc, en 31 centros penitenciarios que representan los distintos recursos de cumplimiento de condena en medio abierto. Se ha realizado un análisis descriptivo de los resultados de cinco preguntas del cuestionario de mujeres relativo al acompañamiento, tipo y profesionales implicados en el mismo. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian que para las mujeres del estudio es necesario el acompañamiento para un 85.2% a nivel general, recibiéndolo un 31.3%. El número de profesionales que participan en el mismo es por lo general importante siendo la figura del trabajador/a social, el/la educador/a y el/la psicólogo/a con el 54.2%, 46.8% y 32.9% respectivamente los más solicitados. El acompañamiento socioeducativo facilita la identificación de un proceso de cambio personal, la reflexión, el apoyo y el empoderamiento personal.
La reincidencia penitenciaria en España: género, factores asociados y prevención
Authors: Añaños Fanny T. , Nistal Javier , Moles Elisabet
Published: June 2021

: Investigar sobre la reincidencia y su prevención se vuelve relevante, no sólo porque hay escasos estudios en España, y menos aún con perspectiva de género, sino porque pone en cuestión el principio rehabilitador y reinsertador que cumple el medio penitenciario. El objeto del trabajo es analizar los rasgos y factores de la reincidencia penitenciaria de las mujeres en cumplimiento de condena en medio abierto y las percepciones frente el delito. Se realizó una investigación en una muestra válida de 310 mujeres (30.1% del total poblacional), quienes fueron encuestadas con un cuestionario mixto. Los análisis y métodos empleados han sido cuantitativos y cualitativos (análisis de contenido, descriptivos, tablas de contingencia y pruebas de test de Chi-cuadrado). Los resultados muestran que el 24.8% es reincidente, existiendo relación con las variables de: antecedentes previos a prisión, edad del primer ingreso, número de ingresos, tiempo en prisión, tipo de delito y motivo del delito; sin embargo, no hay relación con la percepción del delito. El conocimiento y profundización del tema permitirá conocer los aspectos y factores centrales asociados a la reincidencia delictiva con perspectiva de género, a fin de concretar propuestas de políticas sociales y de intervención socioeducativa penitenciaria orientadas a la prevención y mejor reinserción del colectivo.
Inteligencia y experiencias tempranas adversas. ¿Relación con el apego y el autoconcepto adolescente?
Authors: Cambil Calderón Silveria , Fernández-Molina Milagros
Published: June 2021

El apego, el autoconcepto, la inteligencia y las experiencias tempranas adversas son factores fuertemente relacionados con el ajuste escolar y personal en la adolescencia, pero no hay estudios donde se analicen grupos que difieran en tales características. En este trabajo hemos estudiado la relación con el rendimiento académico en dos grupos de 30 adolescentes cada uno con 50% de chicos y chicas, con edades comprendidas entre los 13 y los 18 años (M = 13.9; DT = 1.242), con necesidades específicas de apoyo educativo por privación sociocultural (adoptados y acogidos), y adolescentes por altas capacidades intelectuales. Los resultados muestran que ambos grupos difieren en la historia escolar, el rendimiento académico, la dimensión académica del autoconcepto y el porcentaje de sujetos en apego inseguro preocupado. Las dimensiones más relacionadas con el apego inseguro han sido el autoconcepto familiar y emocional, mientras que el apego seguro estuvo relacionado positivamente con la dimensión académica del autoconcepto. El rendimiento académico estuvo relacionado también con el autoconcepto académico y familiar, y con el traumatismo.
Functionality of the adverb “contrarily” in adnominal position
Authors: Lin Limei
Published: June 2021

The object of this research is the adverb “contrarily” adjacent to the noun. The goal of this article is to indicate the peculiarities of functionality of the adverb in this position. It is established that the adverb “contrarily” is characterized by adjunction to nouns of substantive semantics and proper names, as well as nouns of abstract semantics. The use of this adverb as a characteristic of an object or phenomenon requires explanation, which is usually given in the preceding or subsequent context. The adverb “contrarily” or a substantive-adverbial combination as a whole is often enclosed in quotation marks. This underlines the irregular method selected by the speaker for describing an object or phenomenon using an adjacent adverb. This article is the first to analyze the peculiarities of functionality of the adverb “contrarily” in adnominal position. The article employs the Russian National Corpus for collecting the material; the analysis of language material is based on the method of continuous sampling. The adnominal use of the adverb “contrarily” in associated with the absence of a special lexeme for denoting the described object of speech. The acquired results contribute to the theoretical description of adverbs as part of speech, and can be used in teaching morphology, syntax and semantics in the course of modern Russian language, as well as in teaching Russian as a foreign language.
El comercio de los esclavos canarios en Italia a finales del siglo xv
Authors: Quartapelle Alberto
Published: June 2021

From the moment of the discovery, the Canary Islands have been the object of interest to Majorcans, Castilians and Portuguese, who saw in their inhabitants the opportunity to obtain slaves and make an easy profit. Thanks to the data collected by various authors and to new documents, the article reconstructs a synthetic picture of the Canarian slave trade in Spain and in Italy at the end of the 15th century. Special attention has been paid in their origin, destination, sex and age composition and in the structure of the sale price.
La verdadera historia de don Pedro Gonzales, el «hombre salvaje» de Tenerife que llegó a ser profesor de la Sorbona de París
Authors: Quartapelle Alberto
Published: June 2021

"Don Pedro Gonzales, the “wild man,” as he was nicknamed by his contemporaries, suffered from hypertrichosis, a rare disease that caused uncontrollable growth of hair on his face and all over his body. Until now, truly little was known about his life, especially about his stay at the court of the kings of France. New documents found in French archives show that despite his illness, he not only managed to lead a normal life with his wife and children, but also became an influential member of his community and of the court."
Beyond the Diagnosis: Using Patient Characteristics and Domains of Tendon Health to Identify Latent Subgroups of Achilles Tendinopathy
Authors: Hanlon Shawn L. , Pohlig Ryan T. , Silbernagel Karin Grävare
Published: June 2021

Objective

To identify latent subgroups among patients with Achilles tendinopathy, describe patient characteristics and clinical attributes that defined each subgroup, and develop a clinical classification model for subgroup membership.

Design

Cross-sectional study.

Methods

One hundred forty-five participants (men, n = 73; mean ± SD age, 51 ± 14 years) with clinically diagnosed Achilles tendinopathy completed a baseline evaluation, including demographics and medical history, patient-reported outcome measures, a clinical exam, tendon structure measures via ultrasound imaging and continuous shear-wave elastography, and a functional test battery. Subgroups were identified using mixture modeling. We compared the subgroups using a 1-way analysis-of-variance or chi-square test and the Tukey post hoc test to identify defining attributes. We developed a clinical classification model using logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curves.

Results

Three latent subgroups were identified and named by their distinctive patient characteristics and clinical attributes. The activity-dominant subgroup (n = 67), on average, had the highest physical activity level, function, and quality of life; reported mild symptoms; and was the youngest. The psychosocial-dominant subgroup (n = 56), on average, had the worst symptoms, impaired function, heightened psychological factors, the poorest quality of life, minimal tendon structural alterations, and was obese and predominantly female. The structure-dominant subgroup (n = 22), on average, had the most tendon structural alterations, severe functional deficits, moderate symptoms and psychological factors, reduced quality of life, and was the oldest, obese, and predominantly male. The clinical classification model correctly classified 85% (123/145) of participants.

Conclusion

Three Achilles tendinopathy subgroups (activity dominant, psychosocial dominant, and structure dominant) differed in patient characteristics and clinical attributes. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2021;51(9):440–448. Epub 1 Jun 2021. doi:10.2519/jospt.2021.10271
Kuzbass-2035: the territory as a driver of economic growth
Authors: Khokhrina Olesya I.
Published: June 2021

The article considers the necessity to transform the existing economic development model of Kuzbass – the leading coal mining center in Russia – due to the increasing external risks, the problems of the coal sector in Russia as well as the adaptation of the region to a new reality. The author identifies five key factors of influence: decarbonization of the world economy; a fall in coal prices; the COVID-19 pandemic that has triggered the global crisis; long-term reduction of coal consumption in the Russian Federation; the formation of new coal mining centers in eastern Russia. As a result, based on a change in coal production in the region, three scenarios for the development of the coal industry and the economy of the Kemerovo region as a whole have been proposed. According to the author, with the existing regional model, the most likely scenario for Kuzbass in 10-15 years is a shock scenario, i.e. due to the decrease in global demand for hydrocarbons coal production in Kuzbass is expected to drop by 70-100 million tons per year, which could provoke a deep socio-economic crisis in the region. To avoid negative economic and social outcomes, it seems advisable to immediately start renovation of the Kuzbass economy with active participation of the state on the basis of a new reading of the model of territorial production complexes (TPC) which was successfully implemented in the region in the 20th century. The role of the basic industries of modern TPCs of the Kemerovo region can be assumed by clean coal technologies, petroleum chemistry and oil refining. At the same time, the author emphasizes that the restart of the model for the development of regional economy is possible only if the businesses (the owner of production assets), the government and the society reach the agreement and share full responsibility for the renovation processes of the resource territory.
The method for identifying of inaccuracy causes in turning machining center by processing a sample part
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Blokhin D. A. , Koltsov A. G. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Blokhina Yu. A. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Lakman M. M. ,   Omsk State Technical University
Published: June 2021

The article discusses the issues of the processing method of a turning machining center for processing the accuracy of processing a sample part. The model of sample part with the smallest possible control surfaces processed by various shaping methods has been developed to detect the amount of machine errors, such as the accumulated error of the screw pitch, or the axial non-perpendicularity, or the misalignment of the X and Y drives. This allows you to get more complete information of the equipment accuracy. A test procedure is presented according to the results of measuring each surface of the sample part
Determination of the relationship between the characteristics of LED lamps by calculation methods
Authors:   JSC «North-West Regional Center of the Concern East Kazakhstan region “Almaz-Antey” — Obukhovskiy zavod», Vasileva I. E. , Saybel A. G. ,   JSC «North-West Regional Center of the Concern East Kazakhstan region “Almaz-Antey” — Obukhovskiy zavod»
Published: June 2021

The article presents results of the task statement and results of the research of the functional relationship of parameters of LED lamps in relation to the modern concept of quality management in an industrial enterprise. The regression dependencies obtained for the complete and truncated sets of the studied objects are described. Graphic illustrations of the identified dependencies are presented, which make it possible to predict the parameters of lamps at the early stages of designing lighting systems for special-purpose objects contributing to the optimization of decision-making on the organization and management of production
Forecasting consumption of electric energy by using wavelet transform
Authors:   Omsk State Technical University, Skorokhodov V. I. , Lysenko O. A. ,   Omsk State Technical University, Simakov A. V. ,   Omsk State Transport University, Gorovoy S. A. ,   Ugra State University
Published: June 2021

Forecasting electricity consumption is an urgent task for generating companies, since it is currently impossible to accumulate electricity on an industrial scale. Also, the forecast is necessary for consumers to carry out technical work and other activities. The purpose of this work is to make a forecast of electric energy consumption using the wavelet transform, and to select the optimal wavelet function for forecasting. Data for forecasting is a schedule of the load of the shop, which plays the role of a household room, warehouse, as well as a working office for personnel who service electrical installations at a production enterprise. Based on the results of the work, the optimal wavelet function is selected. The result of the work is a representation of the trend of electric energy consumption by the object under consideration, i.e. a forecast presented in the form of a graph, and a detailed component of the projected consumption is obtained, which in theory is justified as interference and sharply variable nature of electricity consumption
Effect of maternal anemia on breast milk iron status
Authors: Abraham Nithin Varghese , Anand Pauline
Published: June 2021

Objectives:

Nutritional anemia is highly prevalent in lactating mothers. It is postulated that anemic pregnant women secrete less iron in their breast milk. This study was aimed to compare the iron levels in breast milk samples of anemic and non-anemic lactating pregnant women and to correlate breast milk iron levels with the hemoglobin (Hb) status of anemic and non-anemic mothers.

Materials and Methods:

A case–control study was conducted on 120 pregnant women aged 20–30 years having a normal antenatal history. They were classified into non-anemic and anemic groups based on their Hb status; Group 1: Hb ≥11 g/dl and Group 2: Hb 7–10.9 g/dl, respectively.

Results:

Maternal blood Hb was significantly different between the groups (11.8 ± 0.6 vs. 10.2 ± 0.5 g/dL, P > 0.05). Breast milk iron levels did not vary significantly between the groups (938.8 ± 465.6 vs. 1084.8 ± 440.8 μg/dl). No correlation was observed between maternal Hb levels of anemic lactating mothers and breast milk iron status (r = 0.054, P = 0.424).

Conclusion:

Our research study validates the finding that maternal anemia did not affect breast milk iron concentration during the early post-natal period by showing the optimum iron levels in it. Therefore, exclusive breastfeeding is the ideal nutrition for infants.
Multimodal approach in the diagnosis of changes in the organ of vision at atherosclerosis
Authors:   Tashkent Institute for the doctors enhancement, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Kasimova M.S. , Mahkamova D.K. ,   Tashkent Institute for the doctors enhancement, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Published: June 2021

Purpose. To study the parameters of OCTA with changes in the organ of vision against the background of atherosclerosis. Results. The registration of OCTA in patients of group I, a decrease in the density of capillaries of the superficial vascular network was 15% and amounted to 45.21±2.62% (p<0.05), of the deep vascular plexus by 19%, which amounted to 45.89±2.71% (p<0.05). Analysis of OCTA in patients of group II revealed a sharp decrease (by 48%) in the density of capillaries in both the superficial and deep vascular plexuses of the retina, which amounted to 33.91±3.01% (p<0.05) and 33.65±2.89% (p<0.05), respectively. Conclusion. The use of OCTA allows to detect changes in hemoperfusion in all layers of the retina and optic nerve in the early stages of atherosclerosis development, which will allow early diagnosis and monitoring of the disease. Key words: organ of vision, atherosclerosis, optical coherence tomography with angiography.
Results of an experimental study of hydrogel drainage containing ranibizumab in antiglaucoma operations
Authors:   Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Khusnitdinov I.I.
Published: June 2021

Purpose. Еxperimental substantiation of the effectiveness of biocompatible biodegradable hydrogels based on hyaluronic acid and chitosan succinate as a carrier of ranibizumab in antiglaucoma operations. Material and methods. Hydrogel drainage (HD) was obtained immediately before surgery. A solution of ranibizumab (0.23 ml) was mixed with a solution of hyaluronic acid dialdehyde (0.5 ml), then a solution of chitosan succinate (0.5 ml) was added. Experimental studies were performed in 12 (12 eyes) healthy rabbits. The first group consisted of 6 eyes – 0.187 ml of ranibizumab per 1 ml of gel. In the control group, HD was used intraoperatively without the addition of ranibizumab (6 eyes). Morphological studies were performed on 7th, 21st, and 42nd days. Results. In experimental studies in vitro and in vivo, it was proved that ranibizumab, administered as a part of 0.1 ml of hydrogel drainage in the antiglaucoma surgery area is released within 3 weeks and suppresses vascularization, scarring of the operating area, and preserves the intrascleral cavity. The optimal concentration of ranibizumab was selected-0.02 ml in 0.1 ml of gel. Conclusion. The safety and effectiveness of the use of hydrogel drainage with ranibizumab based on hyaluronic acid dialdehyde and chitosan succinate in anti-glaucoma operations has been proven. Key words: experimental research, hydrogel drainage, ranibizumab, glaucoma surgery.
Effect of Phase Transition on the Thermal Transport in Isoreticular DUT Materials
Authors: Ying Penghua , Zhang Jin , Zhong Zheng
Published: June 2021

Soft porous crystals (SPCs) or flexible metal-organic frameworks have great potential applications in gas storage and separation, in which SPCs can undergo phase transition due to external stimuli. Thus, understanding the effect of phase transition on the thermal transport in SPCs becomes extremely crucial, because the latent heat generated in aforementioned applications is needed to be effectively removed. In this paper, taking the isorecticular DUT series as an example, the thermal transport property of SPCs during the phase transition from the large pore (lp) phase to the narrow pore (np) phase is comprehensively investigated by molecular dynamics simulations together with the Green-Kubo method. According to our calculations, all DUT structures exhibit an ultralow thermal conductivity smaller than 0.2 Wm-1K-1. In addition, we find that the effect of phase transition on the thermal transport property of different DUT materials considered here strongly depends on their porosity. As for DUT-48, its lp phase has a thermal conductivity larger than that of its np phase. However, in other DUT materials, i.e, DUT-47, DUT-49, DUT-50, and DUT-151 the thermal transport property of their lp phase is found to be weaker than that of their np phase. This complicated effect of phase transition on the thermal transport in SPCs can be explained by a porosity-dominated competition mechanism between the increased volumetric heat capacity and the aggravated phonon scattering during the phase transition process.
Applicability of Baird’s Rule for In-Plane Aromaticity
Authors: Masumoto Yui , Toriumi Naoyuki , Osawa Taisei , Muranaka Atsuya , Kayahara Eiichi , Yamago Shigeru , Fujitsuka Mamoru , Majima Tetsuro , Uchiyama Masanobu
Published: June 2021

Abstract: The concept of aromaticity is essential for chemists to understand the nature of many chemical substances. “In-plane” aromaticity is a unique type of aromaticity found in some π-conjugated systems consisting of radially oriented p-orbitals. Although in-plane aromaticity has been theoretically predicted about 40 years ago, its intrinsic properties are much less well understood than those of conventional Hückel aromatic systems with perpendicularly oriented p-orbitals because of lack of available examples of in-plane aromatic molecules. Here we demonstrate, from both theoretical and experimental aspects, that in-plane aromaticity of cycloparaphenylenes is reversed upon excitation to the lowest triplet state. In-plane non-aromatic neutral forms with a 4N-electron system and in-plane aromatic dications with a 4N+2-electron system turn out to be aromatic and anti-aromatic, respectively, indicating that Baird’s rule holds for the in-plane aromatic system. Armchair carbon nanotube fragments based on the cycloparaphenylene were also found to follow Baird’s rule from a magnetic viewpoint.
Sol Gel Technique to Prepare Composite Material of Glass-Dye-Polymers
Authors: Ray Jayanta , Bhowmik Leena
Published: June 2021

Herein we describe the synthesis and in-depth characterization of chemically blended hybrid glasses in which polymer molecules are uniformly distributed and covalently bonded to inorganic matrices. This approach uses a monomer with double bonds, which are hydrosilylated with triethoxy silane and co-condensed with silicon tetraalkoxide to afford a molecular composite of SiO2 glass and the polymer. The generated coposites were characterized using SEM, TGA and XRD as well as a host of stability tests. They showed increased stability and uniform distribution of the blend.
Stabilization of a Triplet Diradical on a Binuclear palladium(II) Dipyrrindione
Authors: Curtis Clayton J. , Astashkin Andrei V. , Conradie Jeanet , Ghosh Abhik , Tomat Elisa
Published: June 2021

Porphyrins and other macrocyclic oligopyrroles form a versatile class of redox-active ligands and electron reservoirs. The stabilization of unpaired electrons within oligopyrrolic π systems adds to the available reactivity pathways and spin states of metal complexes for applications in catalysis and functional materials. In this context, bidentate dipyrrindiones are emerging as compact platforms for one-electron redox chemistry in transition metal complexes. We report the synthesis of a bis(aqua) palladium(II) dipyrrindione complex and its deprotonation-driven dimerization to form a hydroxo-bridged dinuclear complex. Electrochemical, spectroelectrochemical, and computational analyses indicate the accessibility of two reduction processes on the dipyrrindione frameworks of the dinuclear complex. The product of a two-electron reduction by cobaltocene was isolated and characterized. In the solid state, this cobaltoceni- um salt features a folded dianionic complex maintaining the hydroxo bridges between the divalent palladium centers. X- band and Q-band EPR spectroscopic experiments and DFT computational analysis allow assignment of the dianionic species as a triplet diradical supported by the dipyrrindione ligands. These dipyrroles, which are also known as propentdyopents and were initially isolated as urinary pigments and heme metabolites, extend the rich chemistry of bidentate dipyrrin ligands to include the stabilization of ligand-centered radicals.
Inducing Microscale Structural Order in Phage Nanofilament Hydrogels via Macromolecular Crowding with Globular Proteins
Authors: Peivandi Azadeh , Jackson Kyle , Tian Lei , He Leon , Mahmood Ahmad , Fradin Cecile , Hosseinidoust Zeinab
Published: June 2021

Biological hydrogels play important physiological roles in the body. These hydrogels often contain ordered subdomains that provide mechanical toughness and other tissue-specific functionality. Filamentous bacteriophages are nanofilaments with a high aspect ratio that can self-assemble into liquid crystalline domains that could be designed to mimic ordered biological hydrogels and can thus find application in biomedical engineering. We have previously reported hydrogels of pure crosslinked liquid crystalline filamentous phage formed at very high concentrations exhibiting a tightly packed microstructure and high stiffness. In this work, we report a method for inducing self-assembly of filamentous phage into liquid crystalline hydrogels at concentrations that are several orders of magnitude below that of lyotropic liquid crystal formation, thus creating structural order, but a less densely packed hydrogel. Hybrid hydrogels of M13 phage and bovine serum albumin (0.25 w/v%) were formed and shown to adsorb up to 16 its weight in water. Neither component gelled on its own at the low concentrations used, suggesting synergistic action between the two components in forming the hydrogel. The hybrid hydrogels exhibited repetitive self-healing under physiological conditions and at room temperature, autofluorescence in three channels, and antibacterial activity towards Escherichia coli host cells. Furthermore, the hybrid hydrogels exhibited more than 2 higher ability to pack water compared to BSA-only hydrogels and 2 higher flexibility (lower compression modulus) compared to tightly packed M13-only hydrogels, suggesting that our method could be used to create hydrogels with tunable mechanical properties through the addition of globular proteins, while maintaining structural order at the microscale.
Criatividade em matemática : conceitos, metodologias e avaliação
Authors: Gontijo Cleyton Hércules , Carvalho Alexandre Tolentino de , Fonseca Mateus Gianni
Published: June 2021

O livro Criatividade em matemática: conceitos, meto­dologias e avaliação traz um panorama das pesquisas acerca da criatividade em matemática, apresentando conceitos e estratégias didáticas para favorecer seu desenvolvimento e, ainda, critérios para a análise das produções dos estudantes a fim de identificar seu po­tencial criativo em matemática. A importância dessa discussão reside no fato de a matemática ser tratada, paradoxalmente, como uma área difícil, impossível de aprender, restrita aos gênios e, ao mesmo tempo, ser reconhecida como fundamental no processo de desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico, além de ser requisitada para a admissão nas principais instituições de ensino e na maioria das ocupações profissionais. Nesse sentido, as reflexões proporcionadas pelo tex­to do livro poderão colaborar para a construção de propostas pedagógicas para as aulas de matemática com vistas à superação das representações negativas relacionadas à disciplina, bem como possibilitar uma nova dinâmica na forma de tratar os conteúdos de matemática e as relações entre professores e estudantes. O texto evidencia a resolução, formulação e redefinição de problemas como estratégias didáticas para orientar o trabalho pedagógico com vistas ao desenvolvimento da criatividade em matemática. Trata-se de uma obra original no cenário brasileiro, que contribui significativamente para a divulgação de estudos e pesquisas no campo da criatividade em matemática.
Psychological Problems Faced by Educational Managers of Public Schools after Rehabilitation in South Waziristan Tribal District (SWTD)
Authors: Muhammad Niaz , Bibi Shabnam
Published: June 2021

This study aimed, psychological problems of educational managers which they faced after rehabilitation of IDPs, when schools opened in the terrorism affected areas. The research study was descriptive in nature and mixed method approach was used. Therefore whole population of 92 schools’ managers was selected from the areas of South Waziristan Agency, declared open by the government of Pakistan after operation for repatriation. The sample consisted of 92 heads of educational institutions and 24 Maliks from those schools, numbers of respondents were 116 under this study. Questionnaire was developed for AEO, AAEOs, Principals, Headmasters/Headmistresses of middle schools and primary schools’ Head teachers and interview was scheduled for the Maliks. Collected data was analyzed considering the objectives and research questions of the study. The descriptive statistics was used for questionnaire data analysis. Thematic analysis technique was used for interview data analysis and open ended section of questionnaire. Findings revealed that the respondents were facing problems i.e., Fear of concealed mining bombs, students and teachers behavior was non cooperative, past traumatic events was creating chaos, parents and community did not take interest because of financial problem and  they kept children in domestic tasks. It was concluded that areas may be cleared properly avoiding mining blasts, seminars and refreshment opportunities are arranged for removing fear from their hearts, donors may be encouraged to support the educational institutions.
Interest Free Banking in Ethiopia: Customer Awareness, Satisfaction and Its Role on Economic Development
Authors: Kebede Debebe Alemu
Published: June 2021

This study is aimed at evaluating the customerâ€™s awareness and satisfaction toward Interest-free Banking and its role on Ethiopia economic development with some selected Commercial Bank in Ethiopia. To achieve the aim of the study the primary data was collected from Customers and Managers of the selected banks by using convenience method through questionnaire and interview. While, secondary data was collected by compiling and summarizing the bankâ€™s Annual reports and Journals. The collected data was analyzed in descriptive and inferential analysis. The finding of the study depicts as low customer awareness regarding Interest-free Banking services except the Interest-free Banking account holders. Further, majority of Interest-free Banking account holders are more or less satisfied with the current Interest-free Banking services provided since, it can  potentially  serve as  an  alternative  banking  channel  in  filling  the  gap  left  unaddressed  by  conventional  banking  and economic  development in relation to idle  monetary  resource  mobilization  and  allocation,  inviting  to  use  banking system, creating employment opportunity, supporting GDP growth and assisting in stabilizing crisis and arresting inflation. Based on the study result it concluded as Interest Free Banking have its own role on the country economic development through mobilizing the idle monitory resource, allocating the monitory resource, creating employment opportunity, and inviting to the banking system. Therefore, it recommended as the banks should make aggressive promotion on Interest Free Banking services for customers awareness specially those of out of Muslim customers, the government has to support and should give more emphasis to enable Interest Free Banking service, promote Interest Free Banking which can help assist the economy in stabilizing economic crisis and arresting inflation.
Evaluating Efficiency of Zakah Institutions: An Intermediation Approach Using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)
Authors: Mardian Sepky , Rismayanti Rismayanti , Kamal Mustafa , Pratiwi Rianti
Published: June 2021

Abstract

 

This paper analyzes the efficiency of Badan Aml Zakat Nasional (BAZNAS) and Dompet Dhuafa from 2002 to 2018. Based on selected input and output, the intermediary approach assumes that BAZNAS and Dompet Dhuafa act as a link between muzakki (giver) and beneficiaries. Furthermore, BAZNAS and Dompet Dhuafa were selected as decision-making units (DMU) from 2002 to 2018, and their efficiency was measured using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method under output-orientation with Constant Return to Sclae (CRS) and Variable Return to Scale (VRS) assumptions. The results showed both BAZNAS and Dompet Dhuafa raise the optimum efficiency in the years before 2007. Meanwhile, their inefficiency was mostly due to lack of input such as higher personalia (amil/volunteers) expenses. Therefore, these findings suggests that both technical and scale efficiency should be improved by adjusting the input. This is to achieve the most efficient and productive level of performance in order to fulfill the institutions' objectives as an intermediary between muzakki and the beneficiaries. This paper is among the pioneers that analyzed the efficiency of zakat institutions from their initial establishment to present. Also, existing papers examined data spanning 5 years or less. Hence, long duration of data analysis provides a comprehensive evaluation of fluctuations in the zakat institutions efficiency and their supporting or inhibiting factors.
Genetic factor in the productive longevity of Brown Swiss cows
Authors: Gontov Mikhail Eliseevich , Koltsov Dmitriy Nikolaevich
Published: June 2021

The results of studies to identify the genetic characteristics of long-lived cows using marker genes of the EAB locus of blood groups are presented. The research was carried out in farms of the Smolensk region on Brown Swiss cows that had completely finished productive use. The scientific and methodological basis of this work was the generally accepted immunogenetic and statistical methods of research and data processing. As a result of the study of erythrocyte antigenic factors of 1866 animals, the advantage in the duration of productive use from 10 to 18 years of cows carrying genetic material marked with EAB-alleles: B1I1Q, G3O1T1A'2E'3F'2K`(Q`), P1QA'1E'1I`, Y2E'3G'Y'G'', Q, B1G2KY2E'1F'O'G`, G2Y2E`1Q`, I1Y2, I1, BQT1A'1P`, B1G2KA'2B'O' was established. The lowest percentage of long-lived cows (under 6 years) the following EAB-allele carrier were identified: I1Y2Y`, G1O`, I1G'G`, QE'1F'O`, B1O3Y2A'1E'3G'P'Q'Y`, I1O1QA'2, O1, O2E'2G"2, G2E'2, G3O1T1Y2E'3F`2. Lifetime was highly positively correlated with lifetime milk production (r = +0.9).
Susceptibility Assessment of Single Gully Debris Flow Based on AHP and Extension Method
Authors: Mehmood Qaiser , Qing Wang , Chen Jianping , Yan Jianhua , Ammar Muhammad , Rahman Gohar , . Nasrullah
Published: June 2021

Debris flow mainly happens in mountainous areas all around the world with deadly social and economic impacts. With the speedy development of the mountainous economy, the debris flow susceptibility evaluation in the mountainous areas is of crucial importance for the safety of mountainous life and economy. Yunnan province of China is one of the worst hitting areas by debris flow in the world. In this paper, debris flow susceptibility assessment of Datong and Taicun gully near the first bend of Jinsha River has been done with the help of site investigation and GIS and remote sensing techniques. Eight causative factors, including slope, topographic wetness index, sediments transport index, ground roughness, basin area, bending coefficient, source material, and normalised difference vegetation index, have been selected for debris flow susceptibility evaluation. Analytical hierarchy process combined with Extension method has been used to calculate the susceptibility level of Datong and Taicun gullies. The evaluation result shows that both the gullies have a moderate susceptibility to debris flow. The result suggests that all the ongoing engineering projects such as mining and road construction work should be done with all precautionary measures, and the excavated material should adequately store in the gullies. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091702 Full Text: PDF
Effect of Polypropylene Fibers on moisture Susceptibility of Warm Mix Asphalt
Authors: Mohammed Sura Fawzi , Ismael Mohammed Qadir
Published: June 2021

Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) is a modern energy-saving process that uses environmentally friendly materials, has lower mixing and compaction temperatures, and uses less energy and releases less contaminants than conventional hot mix asphalt. Moisture damage poses one of the main challenges of the material design in asphalt pavements. During its design life, the asphalt pavement is exposed to the effect of moisture from the surrounding environment. This research intends to investigate the role of the polypropylene fibres for modifying the moisture susceptibility for the WMA by using different percentages of polypropylene (namely 2, 4, and 6%) by weight of the binder of the control mixture (WMA). In this paper, the physical characteristics of the asphalt cement, Marshall properties, Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR) and Index of Retained Strength (IRS) were determined to establish the effect of the polypropylene on the moisture susceptibility of the WMA. The results displayed that the modification of the AC with polypropylene caused an increase in the optimum asphalt content by 1.03, 3.09, and 11.3%, with the addition of 2, 4 and 6% of the P.P., respectively. The moisture resistance of the asphalt mixture was enhanced by adding the P.P., according to the rise in the Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR) and Index of Retained Strength (IRS) values. The TSR value showed 9.4, 18.2 and 19.5% increase when the P.P. increased from 0.00 to 0.02, 0.04, and 0.06, respectively; besides, the IRS showed improvement with the addition of the P.P. to the WMA. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091704 Full Text: PDF