bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of the environmental pollutants of petroleum nature from spent refining water in Beiji refinery
Authors: Abid A. Erdini
Published: April 2023

In this research work, separation and identification of some petroleum components in wastewater in Beiji. The petroleum components and hydrocarbons were extracted from the wastewater by CCl4. The extract after evaporation of the solvent was fractionated using liquid-liquid extraction employing ethyl methyl ketone to remove paraffinic waxes-residual materials were redissolved in CCl4 to remove any contamination. The residue remained after the removal of the solvent was transferred quantitatively to prepacked silica gel column (100-120) mesh which was activated at 300 °C. Silica gel column was washed by using the following solvent: hexan, toluene, chloroform and ethanol. It was found apparent that the separated component were of paraffinic, aromatic and heterogenous, nature for the solvent mentioned above, respectively. The confirmation of such nature was performed by using infrared spectrophotometer technique
Identify some virulence factors of bacteria Proteus mirabilis isolated from people with otitis
Authors: Lamiaa saoud abbod
Published: April 2023

This study was carried out during the period from 5/4/ to 13/11/2016, collected (50) then swab from patients with acute and chronic otitis reviewers to Advisory clinic ear nose and throat Division at Baquba General Hospital, The aim of this  current study was to isolate and diagnose  proteus mirabilis and detection of some of its virulence factors. Smear incubated culture media and diffrentation, and then subjected to microscopic, biochemical tests germ farms for the purpose of diagnosing the variable spores. Test investigation of dynamic membrane configuration outside the living body run by using the variable germ isolated Congo-red dye. 10  (20%)  (streak of Proteus mirabilis, type either wipes which showed the volatile race not pathogen growth was  30, (60 %), while negative smears for bacterial 10 (20%) .The results of a study showed virulence factors of  bacteria the variable to 10 (100 %) isolation of her ability to produce swarming movement, 9 (90%) isolation possesses the ability to analyses human red blood cells, while 9 (90%) isolation of dynamic membrane configuration capability
Effect of using L_arginine in reducing the heart toxicity produced from use Doxorubicin anticancer drug on some hormones in the experimental male rabbits
Authors: Abeer Talib A. H  , Zaid M. Mubark AL-Mahdawi  , Saleh M. Rahim AL-Obaidy
Published: April 2023

This study amid to search the role of L_arginine in reducing the heart toxicity and atherosclerosis which result from using of  Doxorubicin in treatment of cancer Also the role of hydrogen peroxide in inducing oxidative stress in Laboratory Albino rabbit as Growth Hormone and (T3,T4,TSH) levels, the  Study included 40 male rabbits, where each group consist of 5 animals The results showed a high Significant decrease in Growth Hormone concentration (P≤0.01) in Dox group (15mg/kg of.w) and group of animals treated with H2O2 alone while the concentrations of  GH  had been increase with high significant (P≤0.01) in other groups. The results showed a high significant (P ≤ 0.01) in the hormone T4  concentration in serum in the group H2O2 and Dox group alone compare with control and the occurrence of a highly significant increase (P≤0.01)of Hormone T3,T4 concentrations in Animal group treated with Dox (15 mg/kg) and  L-arginine Also group treated with H2O2 and L-arginine, and group treated with Cholesterol and L-arginine. while high significant decrease (P≤0.01) had been happened in Hormone (T3) (T4) concentration in sera of other groups of animals compared with the control. and found through the study and having High Significant decrease in TSH concentration (P≤0.01) in serum in the group treated with Dox and L-arginine, and group treated with Cholesterol and L-arginine compared with the control .there were no significant differences in the concentration of  the hormone TSH in the group H2O2 alone while the concentrations of TSH had been increase with high significant (P≤0.01) in other groups.
Isolation and diagnosis of some types of Gram negative bacteria from different sources of output at the Republican Educational Hospital in the city of Mosul
Authors: Aeman Mohammed Khaleel  , Hajur Ali Shareef  , Hala Arshad Ali
Published: April 2023

The study included the isolation and diagnosis of some Gram negative bacterial species from different sources of extraction (blood, vaginal swabs, wound swabs, burns, middle ear secretions and fractures) from patients in the Republican Education Hospital in Mosul for both sexes from August 2014 to February 2015 And in different ages.
The results showed isolating (21) type of Gram negative bacteria (86.7%). E.coli was the most common among isolates 38 isolates (45.6%) followed by Pseudomonas spp. 27 isolates and (31.86%) followed by Enterobactar spp. (22.6%), Klebsiella pneumonia 9 (10.62%), Proteus mirabilis 7 (8.26%), Acinetobacter bumannii 6 (7.08%), Serratia spp 4 (4.72%) and 2 isolates (2.36% ) Of the Raoutella spp. The bacterial species Providencia stuartii, Morganella morgana, Shigellaflexneri, Moraxella lacunatae, Hafnia alvi and Yersina were isolated by 1.2% each.
The results revealed that the isolates were the most isolated isolates from isolates, with isolates isolating 30 isolates and 36% followed by wound samples 28 (33.6%) and eye burns (28.6%). The percentage of isolation in the samples (vaginal swabs, fractures and purulent secretions of the middle ear) was 15 (18%), 12 (14.4%) and 7 (8.4%), respectively.
In the investigation of the dominance of the bacterial species in the source of the isolation, E.coli was found to be found in the samples of the citrus, followed by Enterobacter spp isolates, while in the samples of burns, the dominance of Pseudomonas spp isolates was followed by acinetobacter bumannii isolates. In the wounds samples, Pseudomonas spp isolates and Enterobacter spp isolates Eucoli isolates were more frequent, while the isolates of Pseudomonas spp were larger by 6%, followed by E. coli, Klebsiella pneumonia by 8.4%. Within the samples of the respiratory secretions, Pseudomonas spp .
Studying of antagonistic activity of some probiotics against bacteria P.mirabilis isolated from kidney stones
Authors: Amin S.Badawy  , Akeel H. Al.Assie  , Halah A. A. Al-Hadithi
Published: April 2023

This study Included  (68)gritkidneys samples collected from  patients undergoingsurgerylin hospitals in Tikrit city from  periodbetween  April 2012to  May2013.
The results  showed that  (64.71%) of males and (35.29 %) of females were infected, the propotion  of males to females (1.83: 1).
Results  of biochemical tests and API-20system showed  that E.coli and  Ps.aeruginosa  were the most frequent  bacterial isolates among other isolated bacterial species with percentage  (30.76%) and (21.22%), respectively, while P. mirabilis was (15.38%) followed by bacteria and Kl.pneumoniae Citrobacter. freundii with isolation percentage (9.6%) and (5.67%) respectively. other species  such as (Staph. aureus,, Acinetobacter. freundii, E.faecalis Serratia. marscenes)  accounted   (1.92%).
Antigonstic activity of six types of probiotics against P. mirabilis were studied. Results showed that all probiotics types showed inhibition activity against P.mirabilis isolates and diameter of inhibition zone was highest (21.6 ml), when probiotic L. delbruckii used, while L. acidophilus showed less inhibitory activity against P. mirabilis isolate, the diameter of inhibition zone was  15.1.
Protective effect of Ginkgo biloba and Olive oil on the reproductive performance of male albino rats exposed to oxidative stress induced by Potassium dichromate
Authors: Takea S. A.
Published: April 2023

The present study is designed to demonstrate the effect of Ginkgo biloba and Olive oil on the reproductive performance of male rats exposed to oxidative stress induced by Potassium dichromate with respect to male sex hormones, semen parameters and testicular antioxidant system,. Forty Wister albino rats were distributed into four groups and each group have ten rats, control group, Potassium dichromate group (Potassium dichromate 24 mg/kg administered with gavage for 2 month), Potassium dichromate treated with Ginkgo biloba group (Potassium dichromate and Ginkgo biloba 40 mg/kg administered at half an hour interval for 2 months) and Potassium dichromate treated with olive oil group (Potassium dichromate and Olive oil 1 ml/kg administered at half an hour interval for 2 months). The statistical analysis of results showed a significant (P<0.05) decrease in sperms count, the percentage of sperms viability, the level of sex hormones, ceruloplasmin, glutathione concentration, and superoxide dismutase activity, antioxidant activity (AOA), germinal epithelium height and diameter of seminiferous tubules and a significant increase of sperm percentage abnormalities, dead sperm, malondialdelyde (MDA), peroxynitrite (ONOO-) in Potassium dichromate group, compared with control group. The administration of Potassium dichromate with Ginkgo biloba and Olive oil separately result in a significant increase of sperms count, sperms viability, sex hormones levels, ceruloplasmin, glutathione concentration , superoxide dismutase and antioxidant activity, germinal epithelium height and diameter of seminiferous tubules and a significant decrease of sperm abnormalities, dead sperm percentage, MDA, ONOO-. In conclusion the levels of  antioxidant parameters, sperm count and sperm viability were restored to normal values when Potassium dichromate administered in combination with Ginkgo biloba or with Olive oil therefor Ginkgo biloba  and Olive oil may be beneficial for improving reproductive performance of male rats.
Simultaneous Determination for Lansoprazole and Simvastatin drugs via Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry
Authors: Imad T. Hanoon
Published: April 2023

A semi-novel, accurate, sensitive, simple, requiring no prior separation and economical procedures have been developed for the simultaneous analysis of binary mixture of Lansoprazole (Lanso) and Simvastatin (Semva). The first method is the Derivative of ratio spectra, in which the absorption spectrum of one drug as interfering drug were subtracted from the absorption spectrum of the mixture and then the net spectrum derivative, the first derivative (for Lanso) and second derivative (for Semva). Beer’s law was obeyed in the concentration ranges of (1-90) and (4-70) μg.ml-1 and the results showed that the method was precise and accurate with RSD% of (0.0161-0.0235), (0.0360-0.0525) and R.E% (0.3125-0.4545), (-0.0909-0.0312) for Lanso and Semva respectively. The second method based on ratio difference, where the absorption spectrum of mixtures the drugs was divided by the on the absorption spectrum of a suitable the interfering drug. The difference in peak amplitudes between the two selected wavelengths in the ratio spectra were recorded for each drug. Beer’s law was obeyed in the concentration ranges of (0.1-30) and (1-40) μg.ml-1 and the results of the method were precise and accurate with RSD% of (0.2880-0.4580), (0.1294-0.9880) and R.E% of (-0.0090-0.0909), (-0.0651-0.0710) for Lanso and Semva respectively of this method.
The proposed methods were successfully applied for the determination of the two compounds.
Determination of Lansoprazole and Simvastatin via area under curve and ion pair methods
Authors: Ayman Sadiq Alsamarraie  , Khalaf F. Alsamarrai
Published: April 2023

A two simple, sensitive, and economic methods were developed for the determination of lansoprazole and simvastatin in their pure and pharmaceutical dosages forms . first method based on measurement of area under curve (AUC) for zero order spectrum and the second method based on formation of ion pair complex between each of both drugs and Bromo phenol blue dye. Beer's law obeyed in concentrations ranges of (4-70 μg.ml-1) and (4-50 μg.ml-1) in the first method and (1-70 μg.ml-1) and (1-60 μg.ml-1) in the second method for lansoprazole (LNZ) and simvastatin (SMV) respectively . Average recovery percentage were (99.43%) and (99.36%) in the first method , and (99.71%) and (100.18%) in the second method for LNZ and SMV respectively. The RSD% values were (0.0044-0.0172%) and (0.1041-0.4129%) for LNZ in first and second methods, and (0.0097-0.0311%) and (0.1358-0.5165%) for SMV in the two methods mentioned above. Limit of detection of LNZ in the first method were (0.185×10-3 μg.ml-1)  and (0.268×10-3 μg.ml-1)  in the second method . While limit of quantification were (0.227×10-3 μg.ml-1) and (0.204×10-3 μg.ml-1) in the first method and (0.894×10-3 μg.ml-1) and (0.68×10-3 μg.ml-1) in the second method for LNZ and SMV respectively. The two methods were successfully applied for the determination of both drugs in pure and pharmaceutical dosages forms .
The Standard Chromatografic Method For Determination of Paracetamol and Homatropin methyl bromide in Riabasam binary components
Authors: Khalaf F Alsamarrai  , Ahmed Kareem Abbas
Published: April 2023

This study Includes innovative and validate RP-HPLC method for determination of drugs HMB and Para by using of  L7 column (25cm×4.6mm) and mobile phase content of Methanol: Buffer Phosphate: water with ratio 10:20:70 and pH 3.5 at 257 nm for HMB and 243 nm for Para. The calibration curves for determination HMB and Para were constructed at the concentrations (20–200) ppm for two drugs with recovery percentage for HMB (95.5–103.8)% and detection limit 0.00028 ppm and quantitate limit 0.000959 ppm and recovery percentage for Para (95.07–103.43)% and detection limit 0.000123ppm and quantitate limit 0.00041ppm. The method successfully applied to determination of two drugs in pure and in pharmaceutical forms.
Microfacies and Sedimentary environment of Aliji Formation in selected wells from Kirkuk oil fields north Iraq
Authors: Lafta S. Kadhim  , Faris N.Hassan  , Tay H. Mansour
Published: April 2023

The study carried out of Aliji Formation (Late Paleocene) for selected wells in three oil fields Kirkuk, Bai Hassan and Jambur The thickness of formations in the studied wells area (K-229) 172m, (BH-96) 57m,and (JM-55) 52m.
Lithological, Aliji Formation composed of limestone, marly limestone and shally limeston brown light –dark colour.
The recognized microfacies where division to three main microfacies, Planktonic foraminiferal Lime Mudstone microfacies, Planktonic Foraminiferal Lime Wackstone microfacies and Planktonic Foraminiferal Lime Packstone microfacies.
The Formation deposited in deep bathyal  environment at (FZ1, FZ2, FZ3) (Toe of slope, Deep shelf, Deep sea) as indicated on the constract sedimentary model.
Evaluation of Hydrogeological Conditions, of the groundwater reservoir west of Samarra by using Data pumping tests in wells Single
Authors: Mohammed Abdulfattah Ali
Published: April 2023

Geologicall and hydrological evaluation have carried out (50) wells east of Samarra, Its study explained thate and two aquifers were distinguished; Injana as semi-confined aquifer and Quaternary sediments as unconfined aquifer. The study of the lithological section shows that the thickness of the sediments increases as we move to the south of the study area and decrease to the north. Of the movement and groundwater levels of (50) wells. It was shown that the direction of its movement is from west to east, with a slight slope towards the south, as well as studying the hydraulic properties of these wells determine by using the pumping test data in the individual wells to determine the values ​​of the Transmssivity (T), (51.8 m2/day) east of the study area, gradually decreasing to (5.3m2/day) west of the study area. The values ​​of the hydraulic conductivity (K) reached (1.23 m/day) east of the study area and gradually decreased to (0.119m/day) west of the study area.
Calculation of Atomic Scattering Factor For X-ray in Copper
Authors: Muhsin Hasan Ali
Published: April 2023

In this paper the atomic scattering factor f(  has been calculated for x-ray in copper using Wave function involves The independent particle approximation for the values , The physical importance of this factor appears in its relation with the several important atomic properties such as, the coherent scattering intensities, the total scattering, the incoherent scattering function, the cross section for coherent, incoherent scattering, the differential of electrons scattering from atom and the geometrical structure factor. There was difference of 23% between the values has been found and the values has been measured for atomic scattering factor.
EVALUATION THE EFFECT OF METFORMIN ON HORMONES SERUM LEVELS IN WOMEN WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME
Authors: Liqaa S. Baqer  , Mutaz S. Ahmeid  , Amena H. Al-Obaidi
Published: April 2023

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome [PCOS] is a common disease that affected the reproductive problem. Aim: the study tried to determine the association between PCOS with the body mass index (BMI) and the effect of metformin as treatment for PCOS.
Patients and Methods: This case control prospective experimental study was carried out in Kirkuk General Hospital from January 2014 to July 2014. The recruited cases divided into three groups; Group I, 68 women with normal menstrual cycle as control group; Group II, 61 cases diagnosed as a PCOS; and Group III :- 30 cases selected from group two to receive treatment with Metformin to determine the effect of the treatment on different variables. Results: The highest percentage of PCOS (36.1%) was found in those with age group between (20-25) years. Most (65.6%) of PCOS subjects were with overweight or obese. BMI mean value was (28.92±6.68) in women with PCOS, while in control the corresponding value was (25.09±4.35). FSH, and testosterone were significantly higher in women with PCOS than in control. Metformin reduced serum FSH, LH, prolactin and testosterone, with non-significant difference. Conclusion: PCOS is independently associated with elevated BMI. Metformin treatment of PCOS induced t reduction in serum testosterone and FSH, LH and serum prolactin but not reach significant level. This warranted performance a large scale clinical trial to evaluate the therapeutic effect of metformin alone or in combination with diet control approach for treatment of PCOS. These findings have implications for the pathophysiology of obesity development and management in PCOS.
Isolation and Identification Some of microbial causes for dental caries
Authors: Rana jalal  , Bari Lateef  , Vian Ibrahim
Published: April 2023

This study was conducted for the isolation of some microbial cause tooth decay and determine the risk factors related to caries. 91 sample collected from teeth (plaques or swabs from dental caries), (41) sample from children  (6-14) years and (50) sample from adult (15-70) years, subdivided into (30) sample associated with risk factors and (20) sample without risk factors. A total of 61 isolates were identified in which 38 isolates (41.75%) were S. aureus, 16 isolates (17.58%) were Streptococcus spp. and 7 isolates (7.69%) were identified as Candida albicans.
Evaluation of T-lymphocytes in Peripheral Blood of Diabetic Patients
Authors: Rojan G. AL-Allaff  , Mohamed A. Al-Shahery
Published: April 2023

Our study includes the estimation of absolute number of T-lymphocytes by using (E-rosette) test in diabetic patients with hyperglycemia. The study included the collection of (20 )blood samples from individuals Type I ,II diabetes mellitus, ten of them were of type one I others of  type II, with age range between (8-55)years and of both sexes. Blood samples from healthy individuals as control samples were used as well. The study showed a significant decrease in absolute numbers of T-lymphocytes in diabetic patients when compared with control and also a significant reduction in the absolute number in type I and type II diabetic patients compared with control, our result suggest that there is a defect in T-lymphocytes numbers in diabetic patients with hyperglycemia.
Chromosomal aberrations in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of Dental Radiographers who exposed to diagnostic X-ray in Erbil city / Iraqi Kurdistan region
Authors: Kazhal M. Sulaiman
Published: April 2023

Radiographic examination is one of the principal diagnostic methods used in all fields of medical and dental services. The incidence of chromosomal aberrations was evaluated in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of 50 individuals who worked in different dental colleges and clinics in Erbil City. This research was donning between March to September 2016.  Blood samples were collected also from 20 individuals as control group,  that were not exposed to any diagnostic radiations. An attempt was done to find the relationship between the frequency of chromosomal aberrations and smoking habit. The radiographers showed a significant increase of chromosomal aberrations as compared to control group at both probability level (P< 0.01, P< 0.05), but significant decreases in mitotic index were shown. The highest value of chromosomal aberrations was chromatid gap  and lowest value of mitotic index  were  found both observed in dental radiographers  who were smoker with duration of exposure for  more than 10 yrs.
Inhibition of Partially Purified Xanthine Oxidase Activity from renal failure patients by Theophylline and Metronidazole
Authors: N.I. Al-Leheebe  , O.Y. Al-Abbasy  , I.S.AL-Flaeyh
Published: April 2023

Xanthine oxidase (XO) was  purified from sera of patients with renal failure by using ammonium sulfate and dialysis with a specific activities  2.1×10-3 and 5.6×10-3 unit/mg protein respectively. By using anion exchange chromatography techniques, One protein peak of  XO activity was obtained with specific activity 78×10-3unit/mg protein and with purification fold of 134.02 compared to crude enzyme. One isoenzyme was obtained having a molecular weight  of   255344  Dalton approximately.
Inhibition of purified XO was studied by  deferent concentrations of  Theophylline and Metronidazole drugs. The maximal inhibitory effect was exhibited with 70 and 80µM Theophylline and 16 and 18 mM metronidazole.
The inhibition  type of XO  by Theophylline was competitive. Vmax value was 0.0416 unit/ml, and  Km value without inhibitor was 0.833 mM, however  values were 2 and 2.85 mM, and inhibition constant Ki values were 29.57 and 23.67 mM respectively with 70 and 80µM of Theophylline.
The inhibition  type of XO  by Metronidazole was non competitive.  Km value 0.833 mM and Vmax value without inhibitor was 0.0416 unit/ml. However, Vmax values were 0.027 and 0.023 unit/ml and inhibition constant Ki  values were 17 and 19mM by using 16 and 18 mM of Metronidazole respectively.
Synthesis and Characterization of some Pyrazoline derivatives from Chalcones containing azo and ether groups
Authors: Ahmed A. ALKazmi  , Farouq Emam Hawais  , Yuosra K. Alasadi
Published: April 2023

A number of 3-(substituted)-5-(2((4-chlorobenzyl)oxy)-5-(m-tolyldizenyl) pheny l) pyrazoline (3a-j) have been synthesized by benzyloxation of hydroxyl group to give the substrate 2-((4-chlorobenzyl)oxy)-5-(m-tolyldizenyl) benzaldehyde (1). The compound (1) has been treated with different substituted acetophenone to give a new series of chalcone derivatives 1-(substituted)-3-(2-((4-chlorobenzyl)oxy)-5-(m-tolyldiazenyl) phenyl) prop-2-en-1-one (2a-j). The chalcone derivatives have been treated with hydrazine hydrate according to Michael addition reaction to afford a series of new pyrazoline derivatives. The characterization of the newly synthesized compounds elucidated by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 13C-DEPT and elemental analyses
Organic petrology of Ora formation in Akkas field, western Iraq
Authors: Mohamed W. Alkhafaji
Published: April 2023

Detailed petrological investigation of the organic matter has been performed using polished sections examined under incident light microscopy on the Lower Carboniferous Ora formation in Akkas field to characterize the nature and origin of the contained  organic matter in the shale beds. Microscopical investigations reveal that the organic matter consists of mixed terrestrial and marine organic matter. Marine organic matter represented by alginite and bituminte; whereas terrestrial is represented predominantly by sporinite, and minor amounts of vitrinite.
Suitability of Quaternary Deposits in Alam Area as Filing Materials in Earth Fills Dams
Authors: Mohammed Rashed Abood  , Muhand Essa Kheder  , Loai Moussa Rawee
Published: April 2023

The Study aims to evaluate the suitability of quaternary deposits in AL-Alam area as filling materials in earth fill dams. The geotechnical properties of deposits for three stations show that the type of soil is (ML) and the curves of grain size analyses confirm the curve of Zone C., while the ratio of total dissolved salts(TDS) and gypsum contents ranges between (2.71-8.61)% and (0.18-0.68)% respectively The values of liquid limit and plastic limit ranges between (40.2-44.7)% and (10.5-13.7)% respectively. According to Iraqi specification, the deposits of station (3) are suitable for filling materials in earth dams, while the geotechnical properties of the deposits in the stations (1) and(2) are within the specifications ranges except the ratios of (TDS).
Notes on Extension of Fuzzy Complex Sets
Authors: Pishtiwan O. Sabir
Published: April 2023

The aim of this paper is to modify and improve the corresponding weakness results of multi-fuzzy complex numbers as an extension of fuzzy complex numbers, next we introduce and study the generalized multi-fuzzy complex numbers  and get some results. Lastly, we discuss the derivative of functions mapping complex numbers  into  as an extension of fuzzy complex derivatives.
Feature Selection based on Genetic Algorithm for Classification of Mammogram Using K-means, k-NN and Euclidean Distance
Authors: Kameran Adil Ibrahim
Published: April 2023

There have been several supervised classification attempts for mammograms in the recent times, but very few research works have focused on unsupervised classification to explore its potentialities and weaknesses. I have in this paper attempted to utilize unsupervised clusters to classify malignant, and benign mammograms samples. MiniMIAS database has total 322 mammogram images out which 64 are benign and 51 are malignant. I used 115 images for my experimentation i.e. 64 benign and 51 malignant. Out of these 115, 60% were used for training and 40% for testing. Therefore from 64 benign cases 39 images were used for training and rest for testing, and out of 51 malignant cases 31 images were used for training and rest for testing., the classifications was done on the bases of the features selected using genetic algorithm. Attempts have also been made to study the performance of each feature selected by Genetic Algorithm (GA) in classification. The initially identified clusters using K-means are used to classify 60 unknown samples using k-NN. The proposed work got reasonably good results with 96.23% accuracy for malignant samples, 95.37% for benign. The proposed work can help the radiologists and oncologist as second opinion during screening sessions for early detection.
Fabrics dying with Hibiscus sabdariffa and Curcuma longa extracts using different mordants and mordanting methods
Authors: Farah J. Hashim  , Azhar A. Zarkani  , Omer T. Al Azzawi  , Muayad S. Shawkat
Published: April 2023

Extraction of plant secondary metabolites were prepared and subjected as non-toxic, biodegradable and eco-friendly natural dyes. Two groups of cotton textiles were dyed with crude extracts of Curcuma longa and Hibiscus sabdariffa separately to examine and compare the staining ability of these extracts. Fabrics where treated with three different mordanting techniques using three different mordants which were copper, ferrous sulfates and potassium dichromate.
Dyed fabrics were exposed to different conditions including washing with water and detergent as well as exposing to sun light in order to test the stability of the color. As a result Curcuma longa extract had higher potentially dying ability than Hibiscus sabdariffa extract, otherwise using of Potassium dichromate as a mordant gave best color stability compared with other used mordants, while dying of fabrics by pre-mordanting method as exposing fabric samples to the mordants before dying with plant extracts showed the darker shade.
Effects of Extracted Phenolic Compounds from Grape Seeds on Leptin, Adiponectin and Resistin Levels in Rats Fed with High Fat Foods
Authors: Entedhar  Rifaat  Sarhat  , Husamuldeen Salim Mohammed Saeed  , Siham A. Wadi
Published: April 2023

The current study was constructed to evaluate the efficacy of grape seed extracts (GSE) in management of obesity induced by high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in rats through assessment of the serum leptin,  adiponectin, and resistin. Experimental rats were divided into three groups: G:1 (healthy control), G:2 (obese control), G:3 (received100 mg/kg of GSE), after 7 weeks, serum leptin,  adiponectin, and resistin levels were measured in all groups. 
Results in present study showed a significant (P<0.01) increase of serum leptin, and resistin levels in obese rats G2 in comparison to the control healthy rats G1 (39.35±1.07 vs 7.48±0.6), (48.84±3.73 vs 31.43 ± 2.02) respectively. The level of serum leptin, and resistin in obese rats decreased significantly in G3 (P < 0.01) when received GSE 100 mg/kg body weight for 7 weeks   in regard to G2 (30.46 ± 0.93 vs 39.35 ± 1.07), (42.23±1.21vs48.84±3.73), whereas significant decrease in serum adiponectin level in obese rats G2 to G1 (4.8793 ± 0.5040 vs 9.245±  0.8794). After treatment with 100 mg/kg GSE, the level of adiponectin decresed in G3 compared with G2 (6.1220 ±0.6330 vs 4.8793± 0.5040).
Conclusions: The results show that, the phenolic extracts of grape seed could reduce serum leptin, and resistin levels and increase adiponectin in HFD induced obesity in rats.
EFFECT OF OXIDATIVE STRESS ON LIPID PROFILE AND BLOOD PARAMETERS TO A SAMPLE OF STUDENTS AT UNIVERSITY OF ZAKHO DURING EXAMES
Authors: Mohammad Ahmad Hamza  , Imad Taher Abdulla  , Enaam Ahmed Hamza
Published: April 2023

Worry, anxiety through Study and preparative to exam may lead to mental stress. Mental stress may contribute to oxidative stress in the body which is the change in balance between oxidants and antioxidants.
In this study a concentration of Malondialdehyde (MDA) as a lipid oxidation biomarker, lipid profile and some blood parameters like Minmum Inhibitory dilution (MID) were estimated in twenty chemistry and biology students at the day of exam as Stress Condition (SC) compared with the same parameters which obtained from the same students during the university vacation after a month of doing the latest exam as non-Stress Condition (nSC).
A significant increase in MDA (p=0.0019), Total Cholesterol (p<0.05), Triglyceride (p<0.05), Low Density Lipoprotein LDL-Cholesterol (p<0.05), Very Low density lipoprotein VLDL-cholesterol (p<0.05) and A significant decrease in High - Density Lipoprotein HDL - Cholesterol (p<0.05), HDL-Cholesterol to total cholesterol ratio(p=0.0012) in stress condition were observed when compared with “non-stress” conditions. Also there were high significant decreases in lymphocyte and minimum inhibitory dilution (MID) (p=0.0001, p<0.0001 respectively) and significant increases in granulocyte and platelets (PLT) (P=0.0113, P=0.0031 respectively) in stress condition compared to non-stress condition. Whereas no significant changes in total WBCs and RBCs in stress and non-stress conditions.
 These results suggested that during university examinations when students are under mental stress or psychiatric disorder may put them at risk of developing inflammatory disorders like atherosclerosis and/or coronary arteries disorders.
Synthesis and Characterization Complexes of Ni(II) that Contain Cyanoguanidine and Phosphines Ligands
Authors: Mahmood Mahdi Salih  , Ahmad A. Irzoqi
Published: April 2023

The ligand of Cyanoguanidine showed an important coordination formula with Ni2+ to give a complex of tetrahedral geometrical shape [Ni(CY)2Cl2] when the metal reacted with Cyanoguanidine of 1:2 ratio, and octahedral complexes of the types [Ni(CY)2(PPh3)2Cl2], [Ni(CY)2)(PPh3)4]Cl2 and [Ni(CY)2(diphos)2]Cl2 (where CY= Cyanoguanidine and diphos = dppm, dppe, dppp, dppb), since the structure depends on the conditions and type of the compounds involved in reaction.
The prepared complexes were characterized by element analysis CHN, conductivity measurements and magnetic susceptibility and also identified spectrally by Ultraviolet and Infrared spectroscopy.
ELECTRICAL RESESTIVITY INVESTIGATION FOR GROUNDWATER OF THREE VILLAGES IN SUMEL DISTRICT-DUHOK CITY NORTH OF IRAQ
Authors: Zainab M. Shanshal
Published: April 2023

A geophysical Electrical survey was conducted by applying Electrical Resistivity Sounding (VES) in three different villages located in Sumel district, which are belongs to Duhok city within the southern limb of Baikher anticline  in northern of Iraq, in order to investigate the groundwater to dig wells for drinking and agriculture purposes which didn’t have available wells in villages. The survey involved sixteen vertical electrical sounding (VES) points along three profiles using a schlumberger array to investigate the subsurface aquifer of the area as well as evaluation of the groundwater aquifer characteristics in the regions. The depth of the penetration in the current study reached more than (150) m. The electric resistivity values ranged between (10-70) Ω.m. It has been recognize three geoelectrical zones at different depths in the three study areas. The first zone have electric resistivity values ranged between (20-50) Ω.m, which represented the recent deposits with the presence clay in some areas. The second zone have electric resistivity values ranged between (11-17) Ω.m, which represented a layer of sandstone of multiple sizes and saturated with groundwater, the third zone have electric resistivity values ranged between (22-55) Ω.m , which represented layers of claystone with the presence of silt in some depths. it has been observe the existence of a semi-confined groundwater aquifer due to the presence of permeable layers of sandstone and in most of the regions it is surrounded by impermeable layers of claystone rocks, and it has been determined the level of groundwater in the study areas. According to this information it has been dig the wells in those areas and found the water in depths very close from that it is reached in the vertical electrical sounding.
Clay minerals of upper Cretaceous (Shiranish Formation) and lower Tertiary (Kolosh Formation) at selected sections from north Iraq
Authors: Mohammed A. Al-Hajj  , Ali I. Al-Juboury
Published: April 2023

Clay minerals investigation is conducted using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy from the upper Cretaceous Shiranish Formation and lower Tertiary Kolosh Formation at two sections in Dohuk and Shaqlawa, northern Iraq. The study revealed the presence of smectite, palygorskite, illite, smectite-chlorite mixed layers, chlorite, and kaolinite. Smectite and palygorskite found to be formed authigenically in the marl of the Shiranish Formation, whereas, other minerals are detrital in origin especially in the Kolosh Formation. The mineral variation reflects the environmental changes from Cretaceous to Tertiary times. Variation in source rocks and change in drainage conditions may lead to increase in the effectiveness of leaching processes and hence transformation of smectite to palygorskite. These changes also effects on the prevalence of inherited or detrital types of clay minerals in the Kolosh sediments.
Fabrication and study of solar panel tracking system
Authors: Yaseen. H. Mahmood  , Faris S.Atallah  , Sara S .Tawfeeq
Published: April 2023

Solar energy is one of the most important task of renewable energy. Since the relative sun's motion to the Earth is variable with the seasons and from sunrise to sunset, so the energy produced by the panels is variable. To overcome this problem, we build a solar tracker that follows the sun and thus get the greatest amount of solar radiation most of the time. In this research, a solar tracking system has been manufactured locally and tested experimentally .It is found that our tracking system gives a good results in tracking the source of energy
E- learning Translator Prototype for Iraqi Kids
Authors: Harith A. Hussein
Published: April 2023

The official language of Iraq is Arabic. Many other languages are spoken by a variety of ethnic groups, most notably are Kurdish and Turkoman. The main aim of this study is to improve the unsatisfactory materials that currently available for teaching English for the Iraqi kids who speak Arabic, Kurdish and Turkoman.
This study objective is to develop an interactivity based prototype for children’s who aged from 6-11 years old to educate them some of the English Language vocabulary by introducing word-to-word based online translator. The age 6-11 is an important time of intellectual and emotional development for children, and it is important to remember that even as they gain rudimentary reading skills, they still enjoy being read. The concept of multimedia technology with represented by audio and images used in interactive way.
The study includes two types’ interview methods. A semi-structure interview used to gather the prototype requirements. In prototype evaluation a structured interview conducted based on IBM questions form which is designed for system usability evaluation.
Face Recognition System Based on Kernel Principle Component Analysis and Fuzzy-Support Vector Machine
Authors: Harith A. Hussein
Published: April 2023

In recent year, Face recognition system has taken much attention and used for different types of purposes for instance web application authentication, online investment and banking, mobile authentication, smart home security, virtual reality, database management and retrival etc.. In this paper, we are going to proposed a Face Recognition System by using Kernel Principal Component Analysis method and Fuzzy Support Vector Machines. Kernel Principal Component Analysis is used to play the main role in features extractor and Fuzzy Support Vector Machines are used to treat the face classification problem. Many studies were done on the Cambridge ORL Face database to assess the achievements and performance of the Face Recognition System. As well as comparisons between Kernel Principal Component Analysis and other component abstraction methods such as Principle Component Analysis and Linear discriminated Analysis and also compressions between Fuzzy Support Vector Machines and other classification methods such as Artificial Neural Networks are done. The experimental results show that the proposed methods give better results than other methods.
Some Biochemical parameters Of People With Atopic Eczema And There Comparison With Normal People
Authors: Buraq Hikmat Alwan  , Azeez Khalid Hameed
Published: April 2023

The present study aimed to identify the biochemical changes in sera of patients with Atopic Eczema, which included some blood analysis included serum urea, uric acid, creatinine, cholesterol, blood glucose, albumin, total protein, calcium, GPT, ALP, total serum bilirubin. Samples were collected from 19 August to 19 December in Salahelddin Hospital in tikrit city, the study included 94 sample, 65 from patients with Atopic Eczema, and 29 healthy people as a control group, the results were compared between the Atopic Eczema patients group and the healthy control group, and there was elevation in blood urea, uric acid, ceatinine, total protein, GPT, ALP, TSB,( 34.9+22.10), (5.49 + 4.38), (0.788+ 0.669), (7.34 +6.41), (13.38 +6.96), (13.63+ 8.52), (0.831+0.190),  respectively. And there was no elevation in, total albumin, cholesterol, calcium, blood glucose, (4.595+4.321), (161.5+ 148.1), (8.96 + 9.13), (109.3+ 105.3), respectively when compared between patients group and control group.
Symptoms of depression and anxiety among a Sample of Type 2 diabetic patients at Primary Health Care in Erbil city
Authors: Bnar Sardar Yaseen  , Ali Shakir Dauod
Published: April 2023

Background and Objectives: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is exceedingly widespread disease with the highest prevalence in the Middle East countries. Co-existing psychological symptoms affect glycemic control and considered as an important problem in achieving target. The objective of this study was to determine the percentage of depressive and anxiety symptoms among diabetes patients.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among a sample of 300 adult patients with type 2 diabetes who attended Primary Health Care centers in Erbil City during the period from the 1st of July 2016 to the end of 28th of June 2017. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ9) and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-5 questionnaires has been used as diagnostic tools for depression and anxiety. The glycemic control measured using glycated hemoglobin A1C.
Results: The mean age  SD of the sample was 54.79  9.16 years, ranging from 40 to 75 years, the median was 54 years and considerable proportion (44.7%) were of low socio-economic status (SES). Only one quarter of the patients are highly adherent to the treatment. 52.3% of the patients were complaining from anxiety whether mild (28%), moderate (23.3%) or severe (1%). Regarding depression, 58.7% had had depression of different severity. No significant association was detected between anxiety and depression with diabetes control as assessed by glycated hemoglobin A1C (p = 0.932) and (p = 0.220) respectively. The prevalence of depression among those who follow a healthy diet (53.6%) and who practice physical activity (41.4%) was significantly less (p = 0.024).
Conclusion: The study revealed that large percentage of type 2 diabetic patients suffered from anxiety and or depressive symptoms, a results should alert all physicians working in primary health centers to consider these symptoms since they have a direct impact in improving treatment
Study of Genotoxic and Cytotoxic effects of Malathion in Japanese Quail
Authors: Kawa Yousif  Khosrow  , Faik Ebrahim Ali  , Wajdi Sabeeh Sadeq
Published: April 2023

The effect of Malathion was studied orally on Japanese quail males (Cotrunix Cotrunix Japonica). The Median lethal Dose LD50 of  malathion through 24 hours was found to be 163.6 mg / kg. Malathion was provided in doses of 75% 122.7 mg / kg b.wt., 50% 81.8 mg / kg b.wt., 25%40.9 mg/kg b.wt. LD50 of body weight plus cyclophosphamide 20 mg/kg b.wt as positive control and Corn oil as a negative control, The current study was carried out to detect the effects of malathion on cell cytotoxicity based on genetic cytotoxicity tests such as Micronuclei Test (MN for mature red blood cells in peripheral blood and immature blood cells in bone marrow for 18, 20 and 22 hours per treatment and Chromosomal Aberration (CA) test for immature red blood cells in bone marrow, And 24 hours for each treatment with subcutaneous injection of colchicine 0.5gm prior to 3-hour incubation. The results of the statistical analysis Suggested that a significant increase in P≤0.05of micronucleated mature red blood cells in peripheral blood and micronucleated immature blood cells in bone marrow for 18, 20 and 22 hours per treatment in the formation of micronuclei compared to negative control. The results of the study also Suggested that a significant increase in P≤ 0.05  on the induction of chromosomal Aberration  of immature red blood cells in bone marrow.
Corresponding of Genetic polymorphism the apolipoprotein B R3500Q gene mutation with possible Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) pateints in Sulaymaniyah
Authors: Hadeel A. Abdel-Razaak Al-daraji  , Akeel H. Ali Al-Assie  , Rada H. Hussien
Published: April 2023

Familial Hypercholesterolemia (FH) is autosomal codominant disease Characterized by elevated LDL Cholesterol and Early Coronary Artery disease. (FH) is commonly caused by mutations in the three genes: The Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor (LDLR), apolipoprotein B (apoB), Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin ⁄ Kexin type 9 (PCSK9). The current study aimed to identify mutations in people with homozygous genotypes that affect protein binding causing defects and to ensure that these conditions are diagnosed through important molecular tests through the early intervention of the apoptoprotein gene (apoB) for the R3500Q mutagenic of healthy individuals not associated with hypercholesterolemia (FH) in Sulaymaniyah through the conduct of the polymer chain reaction system and Restrication enzyme genotyping. The study included determination of the polymorphism of genes associated with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). The molecular study included the genetic analysis of (50) samples of the R3500Q mutation of the apoB gene, after adding the ScaI enzyme, showed there three genotype: were four cases found Homozygous to be one bundle (S+ ⁄ S+) (143 bp), a one case compound heterozygous (S- ⁄ S+) model are two bundle ( 143 bp, 90 bp) and a fourty-five cases had mutant  Homozygous (S- ⁄ S-)  model  of  the  one  bundle  (90 bp), all the R3500Q mutations were found on the same allele.                                          
the study also included the R3500Q mutation of the apoB gene and Its relation to the studied traits, there was a significant increase in the 0.01 for cholesterol, TG and LDL for patients with hypercholesterolemia was mean (235.61 mg ⁄ dl, 321.83 mg ⁄ dl and 330.90 mg ⁄ dl) respectively , compared to healthy pateints with mean (172.15 mg ⁄ dl , 109.88 mg ⁄ dl and 77.1 mg  ⁄ dl).
Partial purification of topoisomerase IB from serum of diabetic patients and study it's kinetic properties and molecular weight
Authors: Saif M. Hasan  , Firas T. Maher  , Nagham Q. Kadhim
Published: April 2023

This study was done to partially purification of  topoisomerase IB from serum of diabetic patients using Gel filtration technique, by using Sephadex G 100 gel. A single peak in fraction four has been obtained, and the degree of purification (17.1) fold, enzyme yield (108.2%) and specific activity (0.189ng/mg). Kinetics studies for the partial purified enzyme were carried out which showed optimal concentration of  substrate which was (0.1ng/ml), Michael's - Menten constant (Km=0.033ng) and maximum velocity (Vmax=0.90 ng/ml), while optimum Temperature was (37C°) and optimum pH was (7.5). The molecular weight of the partial purified enzyme has been determined by gel electrophoresis method, in presence of polyacrylamide  gel and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS-PAGE) which showed that the approximated molecular weight was (66KD).
Sedimentological study of the Lower-Middle Miocene Sequences at Selected Wells in Jambur and Khabaz oilfields, NE Iraq
Authors: Ruia Yilmaz Ahmad  , Lifta Selman Kadhim  , Mohammed Ahmed Mohammed Al-haj
Published: April 2023

The study includes petrographic and stratigraphical chraractrstic of the lower-middle Miocene sequence at selected wells from Jambur and Khabaz oilfields. Four hundred and sixty thin section from Jeribe, Serikagni, Euphrates, Dhiban, Anah and Azkand formations in four wells from Jambur and Khabaz oilfields are studied. The stratigraphic study indicates that contact between Jeribe and Faꞌtha formations, Jeribe and Dhiban formations are unconformable in all wells under study, while the contact between Jeribe and Anah, Anah and Azkand, Euphrates and Serikagni formations are conformable.
The petrographic study reveals that most of the studied formations are limestone rich in benthonic foraminifera especially in Jeribe and Anah formations, with low percentage of planktonic foraminifera such as Globigerina species in Serikagni and Azkand formations. Additionally, echinoids, coral algae, ostracoda and intraclast remains are present. Non-skeletal component such as, pellets and ooids are rare in Euphrates Formation. Microfacies analysis shows the presence of several microfacies distributed in the studied formations.
The environments of lower-Middle Miocene formations have been concluded from petrography and microfacies studies. Jeribe Formation was deposited in lagoonal or semi lagoonal environment, while Serikagni and Euphrates formations were deposited in deep marine environment and shallow open lagoon environment respectively. Closed lagoonal environment is assigned for deposition of Dhiban Formation, while slope and reef environment is recognized for the Azkand Formation and tidal and supratidal with reef marine tropical environment for the Anah Formation.