bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Analysis of Visual Representation of Sign Elements in COVID-19 Context
Authors: Cano-Martínez María Jesús , Carrasco Miguel , Sandoval Joaquín , González-Martín César
Published: May 2022

Visual representation as a means of communication uses elements to build a narrative. We propose using computer analysis to perform a quantitative analysis of the elements used in the visual creations that have been produced in reference to the epidemic, using 927 images compiled from The Covid Art Museum's Instagram account. This process has been carried out with techniques based on deep learning to detect objects contained in each study image. The research reveals the elements that are repeated in images to create narratives and the relations of association that are established in the sample. The predominant discourses in the sample do not show concern for the effects of illness. On the contrary, the impact and effects of confinement, through the prominent presence of elements such as human figures, windows, and buildings, are the most expressed experiences in the creations analyzed.
Pancreatic extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for a patient concurrent with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: a case report
Authors: Wang Dan , Xu Jing , Bi Ya-Wei , Mei Chang-Lin , Li Zhao-Shen , Hu Liang-Hao
Published: May 2022

Whether pancreatic extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is safe for patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is unclear. A woman in her early 30s was admitted to our hospital because of intermittent upper abdominal pain and recurrent pancreatitis. The imaging results confirmed the diagnosis of pancreatic stones and ADPKD. We performed pancreatic ESWL using a third-generation lithotripter to pulverize the pancreatic stones. A maximum of 5000 shock waves was delivered per therapeutic session. A second session of ESWL was performed the next day. The patient developed no adverse events or complications related to pancreatic ESWL. Three years after treatment, the patient had developed no relapse of pancreatitis or abdominal pain. Shock waves do not lead to complications such as hematuria, cyst rupture, or deterioration of the inner bleeding of renal cysts. Multiple kidney cysts are not a contraindication for pancreatic ESWL.
A case of primary hepatic stromal tumour misdiagnosed as a liver cyst
Authors: Liu Fei , Wu Si-Hua , Sun Qiang-Qiang , Liu Sheng-Hai , Hou De-Fa
Published: May 2022

Primary hepatic stromal tumours are very rare and there are only sporadic reports in the literature. Due to the lack of specificity in their clinical manifestations and imaging features, these tumours are easily misdiagnosed. This current report presents a case of primary liver stromal tumour that was misdiagnosed as a liver cyst. The 72-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital due to right upper abdomen fullness and discomfort for more than 2 weeks. Colour Doppler ultrasonography and enhanced computed tomography examinations revealed a cystic mass in the right lobe of the liver. The preoperative diagnosis was a liver cyst and the laparoscopic fenestration was performed. The pathological examination demonstrated that it was a primary hepatic stromal tumour. Gastroenteroscopy was performed postoperatively and no lesions were found in the gastrointestinal tract. Imatinib mesylate was given orally as the salvage therapy and a radical operation was planned at the patient's request. This current case serves as a reminder that clinicians should consider the possibility that it could be a primary hepatic stromal tumour rather than a hepatic cyst. A multidisciplinary team is necessary for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with a primary hepatic stromal tumour.
Pro-American, Anti-Communist Propaganda, Stupidification, and Thai Identity in Two Cold War Novellas
Authors: Feangfu Janit
Published: May 2022

The fear of “communist subversion” in Thailand from the 1950s to the 1970s played a crucial role in the ongoing government control of public knowledge and the anti-communist propaganda. The companion piece novellas Made in USA and A Complete Idiot (Made in USA 2) by Sujit Wongthes (1973), a leading independent writer, disclosed the truth about the Vietnam War and challenged the pro-American hype in the context of 1970s Thailand. Made in USA achieved this through a blend of travelogue and journalist distance; A Complete Idiot through a portrayal of the internal struggle of a young Thai man who grew up under the extensive influence of the Thai state's pro-American, anti-communist propaganda. In A Complete Idiot, the protagonist's state of blissful ignorance crumbles when his old “knowledge” of the “evil communist” and Thai-American relations are juxtaposed with new(s) information about the 1971 reconciliation between the US and the People's Republic of China. Reading the two novellas critically, this article investigates how the state-instilled perceptions of communism and propaganda construct a Thai identity that becomes inadequate vis-à-vis a different set of information. It also looks at the extent to which Thai internal politics was subsumed into the international politics of the Cold War and how such an entanglement informed Thai national identity. Finally, this article argues that the two novellas at once challenge the Thai government at the time and subvert its projection of the US. In doing so, the novellas open up a new space for alternative Thai cultural identities.
The Dialogue between Confucianism and its Translations
Authors: Kallio Jyrki
Published: May 2022

Using the translation of Confucian classics as an example, this article discusses the possibility for translations to serve as two-way bridges between two cultures. While translating is often seen as a one-way process, used to export ideas from the source language and culture to those of the recipients, the challenges in translating, and the solutions offered by the translator, may provide valuable insight, even to the benefit of the source culture. This article looks at the Confucian concept of ren (仁), and through its differing translations in different source texts and contexts, suggests that an understanding reached through translation may enrich the intuitive or even analytical understanding of the concept that pre-exists in the Chinese context.
Diagnostic performance of clusterin in hepatocellular carcinoma: A meta-analysis
Authors: Gao Ge , Luan Xuke
Published: May 2022

Introduction

Clusterin (CLU) is a pleiotropic protein with numerous functions. It has recently attracted considerable attention owing to its association with cancer progression and metastasis. However, its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has not been investigated. This meta-analysis is the first evaluation of the diagnostic performance of CLU in HCC.

Methods

Articles published in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, and China Science and Technology Journal Database until January 2022 were searched. Studies that reported the usefulness of CLU for the differentiation of HCC and non-HCC (e.g., liver cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis, and other benign liver disease) patients were selected. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was used as a positive control in this study. The sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC) were compared between CLU and AFP.

Results

Eight articles including 811 participants were included. The pooled sensitivity (95% confidence interval (CI)), specificity (95% CI), DOR (95% CI), and AUC (95% CI) were: 0.86 (0.78–0.91), 0.85 (0.75–0.91), 35 (13–94), and 0.92 (0.89–0.94) for CLU; 0.74 (0.67–0.81), 0.89 (0.79–0.94), 22 (8–61), and 0.87 (0.84–0.90) for AFP; 0.93 (0.88–0.96), 0.85 (0.68–0.94), 75 (21–262), and 0.95 (0.92–0.96) for CLU + AFP, respectively. Compared with AFP, CLU showed higher sensitivity, DOR, and AUC, as well as similar specificity. The combination of CLU and AFP resulted in higher sensitivity, DOR, and AUC.

Conclusions

Serum CLU is a better biomarker versus AFP for the diagnosis of HCC. The combination of CLU and AFP improved diagnostic performance.
Unilateral, Rostral Maxillary Sinusitis Resulting from Displacement and Retention of an Alveolar Plug in a 4-Year-Old Horse
Authors: Stemmet Gideon P. , Robert Mickaël P. , Smit Yolandi
Published: May 2022

Sinusitis is a common occurrence in horses and often develops secondary to dental disease. Extraction of cheek teeth in horses is associated with variable degrees of complications and although postoperative displacement and retention of alveolar plugs has been identified as one such potential complication, few cases of resulting sinusitis have been reported. This manuscript describes a four-year-old Thoroughbred mare that was presented for chronic unilateral left-sided mucopurulent nasal discharge after extraction of the left maxillary second molar tooth two months earlier. Radiographic and computed tomographic (CT) examinations revealed a well circumscribed, soft tissue opacity in the left rostral sinus compartment. Intraoral examination revealed feed impacted in the alveolus of the extracted tooth and an oral sinus fistula. Upper airway endoscopy showed thick, purulent material at the nasomaxillary aperture. Sinoscopy showed unexpectedly clean frontal, dorsal conchal and caudal maxillary sinuses. The alveolar dental plug associated with previous exodontia became apparent within the sinus and was removed through the sinoscopy portal. Repeat endoscopies confirmed progressive clearance of the sinusitis during hospitalization. Unilateral nasal discharge returned three months later. An abscess within the sinus had formed. Complete resolution of the sinusitis was achieved after lancing the abscess and further sinus lavage. Sinoscopy through a frontal sinus trephination portal proved useful in diagnosis and treatment. Detailed evaluation of structures allowed for rapid establishment of adequate drainage and communication between all sinus compartments without osteoplastic surgery.
Insights into the luminescent properties of poly(phenylene sulfide)-grafted metal-organic framework (Tb–MOF–PPS) copolymers
Authors: Tang Wanli , Li Pengcheng , Yan Dawei , Yan Yonggang , Ren Haohao , Wang Bo , Zhao Jingxian
Published: May 2022

In this study, a novel poly(phenylene sulfide)-grafted metal-organic framework (Tb–MOF–PPS) was fabricated. Initially, 2,5-dichloroterephthalic acid and TbCl3·6H2O were used as raw materials to synthesize the dihalogenated MOF (Tb–MOF) through ultrasound irradiation and hydrothermal methods. Subsequently, Tb–MOF was added at different mole proportions (2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10%) for the copolymerization of PPS, and a serial of Tb–MOF–PPS composites were successfully obtained. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy proved that the Tb–MOF was covalently connected to PPS. The introduction of the Tb–MOF had no evident influence on the thermal properties of the composites. Additionally, the fluorescence characteristics revealed that the fluorescence excitation and emission spectra of the composites had a large redshift compared with that of PPS and possessed visible-light photoluminescence properties. These results indicate that the composites obtained can be used as optical sensors.
Lecturers’ Creativity and Students’ Entrepreneurial Intention in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alshebami Ali Saleh , Seraj Abdullah Hamoud Ali , Alzain Elham
Published: May 2022

This study examined the influence of lecturers’ creativity on the entrepreneurial intention of technical college students in Saudi Arabia, applying the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). The study employed a questionnaire, which was completed by 99 technical college students in the study area. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to perform the data analysis and to test the hypotheses. The study’s findings revealed that attitude towards behaviour and perceived behavioural control predicted entrepreneurial intention. They also partially mediated the relationship between lecturers’ creativity and entrepreneurial intention. Finally, entrepreneurial intention was not influenced by subjective norms. This study contributes to the literature by highlighting the significance of lecturers’ creativity in developing entrepreneurial intention by applying the TPB among technical college students. The results could assist stakeholders, such as technical colleges, universities, policymakers and other parties, in establishing a more creative entrepreneurial environment. The study findings further emphasize the need to support creative lecturers capable of improving students’ essential entrepreneurial skills, knowledge, values and competencies. The study was limited to only one technical college in Saudi Arabia with a limited sample size, making it challenging to generalize the results. Future research could investigate individuals’ exact skills and knowledge, supporting and attracting them to enrol in technical college and pursue entrepreneurial business activities.
Do not burn these gentle bridges: An empirical framework based on the 4E perspective is necessary, pertinent, and timely
Authors: Parada Francisco J , Palacios-García Ismael
Published: May 2022

A recent opinion article suggested that the target article, “The holobiont mind: A bridge between 4E cognition and the microbiome”, wished to generate a “new theory of mind”. Furthermore, it contained ideas that were “unnecessary”, “not justified”, and “not innovative at all”. Furthermore the commentators consider that “the ideas of radical enactivism can properly accommodate this research”. Here, we address and clarify apprehensions, misreadings, and misunderstandings raised by the commentators.
The Causal Model of Attitudes Toward Marital Infidelity Based on Family Cohesion in Iranian Women: The Mediating Role of the Meaning in Life
Authors: Heydarian Nasrin , Seydi Mohammad Sajjad , Majzoobi Mohammad Reza , Janjani Parisa
Published: May 2022

The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between attitudes toward marital infidelity (ATMI) and family cohesion (FC) through the mediating role of the meaning in life (MIL) in Iranian married women. This was a correlational study of path analysis type. The statistical population included all married women living in Kermanshah, Iran in 2021, among whom 310 were selected using convenience sampling method. Participants were asked to fill out Watley's ATMI, Steger et al.'s MIL and Fischer et al.'s Family Organized Cohesion scales. Data were analyzed using path analysis in AMOS-26 and SPSS-26 software. The results indicated that there is a significant negative relationship between FC and ATMI. Moreover, the result of the path analysis revealed that hypothesized model of the study had a good fit in the participants of the current study. That is, there was a significant relationship between FC and ATMI through the mediating role of MIL.
Narrative Philosophy of Supervision: Isomorphic Journey of Discovery and Identity
Authors: Manigat Debbie
Published: May 2022

The collaborative process of supervision supports discovery of clinical identity and skill for the trainee and supervisor. It affords a bare space for both to explore self-of-the-therapist in and out of session by bringing to light their narratives. Also, it provides room to remedy their meaning making. Supervision unearths the essence of equafinality interwoven through the supervisory alliance relationship, which highlights that there is more than one way to learn and/or supervise. This notion of relationship grounds the writers research, clinical and supervisory skills, and role as a family therapist attempting to serve from a narrative framing. Within the writers journey of discovery and identity as a supervisor, she shares a framework on having a collaborative, compassionate, and contemplative lens that includes the voice of the family system and scaffolds the development of the trainee. Her therapeutic practice guides and gives room for trainees to lead in their identity growth.
Avascular necrosis during alectinib treatment: Case report
Authors: Gürsoy Pınar
Published: May 2022

Non-small cell lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The incidence of anaplastic lymphoma kinase constitutes 3%–5% of all non-small cell lung cancer patients. Alectinib is a second-generation anaplastic lymphoma kinase inhibitor.

Case report

We present our patient who used alectinib due to anaplastic lymphoma kinase positivity and developed avascular necrosis in the femoral head.

Management and outcome

In our patient who had been taking alectinib for a long time due to anaplastic lymphoma kinase positivity, avascular necrosis of the femoral head was detected as a result of the examination performed due to hip pain. Due to the responsıbılıty of the disease, her treatment contınued by making profit and loss account.

Discussion

Femoral head avascular necrosis can be seen with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, although it is very rare. This is the case in the literature to develop avascular necrosis due to alectinib. We think that femoral head necrosis may develop in the patient group using alectinib and care should be taken in this regard.
How non-radical right parties strategically use nativist language: Evidence from an automated content analysis of Austrian, German, and Swiss election manifestos
Authors: Habersack Fabian , Werner Annika
Published: May 2022

Radical right parties and their nativist ideas have gained considerable momentum, compelling non-radical parties to “engage” with this nativist “Zeitgeist.” Yet, aside from general trends such as tougher stances on migration, we know little about the strategic choices of parties when balancing their commitment to core policy goals and the need to be “timely,” that is, to respond to changing environments. Theoretically, parties may either adapt their ideological “core” to signal commitment or merely attribute nativist ideas to secondary issue areas to signal general responsiveness. Drawing on Austrian, German, and Swiss manifestos for over two decades and establishing a novel dictionary to assess parties’ use of nativism, we find that while previous studies showing right-wing parties compete with RRPs using nativism in the same domains are correct, the strategic choices around this competition are more complex. How much commitment to nativist ideas parties show depends on whether radical right parties use the same domains to construct their nativist claims. For research on party competition, this means that more attention should be paid to how rather than if parties “engage” with their rivals.
Nursing minimum data sets: Findings from an umbrella review
Authors: Freguia Francesca , Danielis Matteo , Moreale Renzo , Palese Alvisa
Published: May 2022

Objectives:

This study explores the evidence available on Nursing Minimum Data Sets (NMDSs) by summarising: (a) the main methodological and reporting features of the reviews published in this field to date; (b) the recommendations developed and published in such reviews regarding the NMDSs, and (c) the categories and items that should be included in the NMDSs according to the available reviews.

Methods:

An Umbrella Review was performed. A search of secondary studies published up to November 2021 that were focused on NMDSs for adult hospitalised patients was conducted using MEDLINE (via PubMed), CINAHL and Scopus databases. The included studies were critically evaluated by using the Checklist for Systematic Review and Research Syntheses. The full review process was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and the Meta-Analyses statement.

Results:

From the initial 1311 studies that were retrieved, a total of eight reviews published from 1995 to 2018 were included. Their methodological quality was variable; these reviews offered four types of recommendations, namely at the overall, clinical, research and management levels. Additionally, seven NMDSs emerged with different purposes, elements, target populations and taxonomies. A list of categories and items that should be included in NMDSs have been summarised.

Conclusions:

Nurses are daily involved in the nursing care documentation; however, which elements are recorded is mainly defined at the local levels and relies on paper and pencil. NMDS might provide a point of reference, specifically in the time of health digitalisation. Alongside other priorities as underlined in available recommendations, and the need to improve the quality of the reviews in this field, there is a need to develop a common NMDS by establishing its core elements, deciding on a standardised language and identifying linkages with other datasets.
Influence of nanoclay as a compatibilizer and a reinforcement for polymer blends used as insulators
Authors: Salih Rana M , Mohammed Raghad H
Published: May 2022

Polymer composite materials were prepared using kaolinite nanoclay as reinforcement in different weight fractions (3, 5 and 7) %, and blends of epoxy and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) as matrices. The current work aims to prepare a composite material with good thermal and acoustic insulation, besides improved mechanical properties, and the investigation of the effect of this nano additive on the compatibility between the two constituents of the blend, and how this compatibility might be beneficial to the performance of the prepared composite. The blend with an optimum mixing ratio (OMR) was chosen via impact test results; thus, the (80:20) percentage of epoxy and PMMA was chosen. The reinforced specimens showed an improvement in mechanical (impact and flexural) properties besides sound insulation and thermal conductivity, with the specimen reinforced with 7% nanoclay having the highest impact strength (97*10−3) KJ/m2 and the highest thermal conductivity value of (0.34) W/m.°C, with a sound intensity value 95.6 decibels at frequency 10,000 Hz. The scanning electron microscope images showed two separate phases in the unreinforced blend. In comparison, the 7% reinforced specimen showed a rough interface between the two polymer phases, suggesting a positive effect of nanoclay addition on compatibility. The differential scanning calorimeter showed two distinct glass transition temperatures for both reinforced and neat specimens, which belong to the glass transitions of both constituents (epoxy and PMMA). The main difference is the lower temperature gradient accompanied with the (nanoclay/blend) composite than the neat one. Although the blend remained immiscible, nanoclay had contributed to the compatibility and improved mechanical properties.
ACT-Informed Treatment of Co-morbid Psychiatric Disorders in the Postpartum Period: A Case Report
Authors: Grove Lindsey , Roche Anne I. , Doyle Rena , Stowe Zachary N. , Thomas Emily B. K.
Published: May 2022

The literature describing psychological interventions for co-occurring obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is limited. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is a transdiagnostic intervention that targets functionally avoidant behavior underlying both OCD and PTSD. The current case report describes how an ACT-informed approach to treatment was implemented over 14 sessions to treat co-occurring OCD and PTSD in a 9-months postpartum adult woman. The patient was initially referred to psychotherapy by her psychiatrist and showed high motivation to engage in treatment. This case presentation outlines how the intervention targeted core ACT processes while also incorporating components from both exposure and response prevention (ERP) and cognitive processing therapy (CPT) to address the patient’s presenting concerns. Measurements of OCD and PTSD symptom severity, as well as of depressive and anxiety symptoms, over the course of treatment are included. Health-related comorbidities, psychiatric medications, and implications are discussed.
Herbal Formula Shenling Baizhu San for Chronic Diarrhea in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Hui , Hou Yen-Nien , Yang Mingxiao , Feng Ye , Zhang Yi Lily , Smith Colleen M. , Hou Wei , Mao Jun J. , Deng Gary
Published: May 2022

Background:

Shenling Baizhu San (SBS), a well-known Chinese medicine herbal formula, has been widely used for treating chronic diarrhea for thousands of years. However, the efficacy and safety of SBS in treating chronic diarrhea have not been fully assessed.

Objective:

This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of the herbal formula SBS in symptomatic relief of chronic diarrhea.

Methods:

English and Chinese language databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal Database, Wanfang Data, and SinoMed electronic databases) were searched through April 2020 for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The outcomes in these RCTs included stool frequency, stool consistency, patient-reported satisfaction of chronic diarrhea treatment, quality of life and adverse events. Paired reviewers independently extracted data and conducted qualitative and quantitative analyses. The Cochrane revised risk of bias RoB-2 tool was applied to assess the risk of bias for each trial whereas the RevMan 5.3 software was used for outcomes data synthesis and meta-analysis. Mean difference (MD) and the 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to measure continuous data. The dichotomous data were analyzed via the relative risk (RR) with 95% CIs.

Results:

Fourteen RCTs including 1158 participants (54% males) with chronic diarrhea were included. Shenling Baizhu San combined with or without conventional medicine (CM) was associated with greater patient-reported satisfaction than CM alone. There was no increased risk of adverse events (AEs) during treatment.

Conclusion:

Treatment with SBS was associated with significant improvement in patient-reported satisfaction, irrespective of conventional medicine use. Rigorous and powered RCTs with objective outcome measures are needed to confirm the effects of SBS in specific gastrointestinal disease populations with chronic diarrhea symptoms.

Systematic review registration number (PROSPERO):

CRD42020178073
The Neural Signature of Psychological Interventions in Persons With Cancer: A Scoping Review
Authors: Rossini Pierre Gilbert , Ostacoli Luca , Pagani Marco , Malandrone Francesca , Oliva Francesco , Cominu Luca , Annetta Maria Chiara , Carletto Sara
Published: May 2022

Objective:

People diagnosed with cancer have to deal with the debilitating psychological implications of this disease. Although the clinical efficacy of psychological interventions is well documented, relatively little has been written on the neural correlates of these treatments in the context of oncology. The present work is the first to provide an overall perspective of the existing literature on this topic. It also considers the potential directions for future research.

Methods:

This scoping review was carried out across 5 databases (EMBASE, PsycINFO, OVID MEDLINE, CINAHL, COCHRANE CENTRAL), from conception dates until 3 December 2021.

Results:

From an initial set of 4172 records, 13 papers were selected for this review. They consisted of 9 randomized controlled studies (RCTs), 1 quasi-experiment, 2 single case studies, and 1 secondary quantitative analysis. The studies were also heterogeneous in terms of the patient and control populations, psychological interventions, and neuroimaging methodologies used. The findings from these few studies suggest that psychological interventions in oncology patients may modulate both cortical and subcortical brain activity, consistent with the brain areas involved in distress reactions in general and to cancer specifically. The implications of this scoping review in terms of future research are also discussed.

Conclusions:

The literature on the neural correlates of psychological interventions in cancer patients is very limited, and thus requires further exploration. The provision of psychological interventions offers cancer patients a more integrated approach to care, which may in turn help preserve both the physical and the psychological wellbeing of individuals with cancer.
Global outflow angle influences silent ischemic events in coil embolization for unruptured distal anterior cerebral artery aneurysms
Authors: Suzuki Ryotaro , Takigawa Tomoji , Nagaishi Masaya , Hyodo Akio , Suzuki Kensuke
Published: May 2022

Background

Distal anterior cerebral artery (DACA) aneurysms are rare, and endovascular treatment of these aneurysms is challenging. Thromboembolic events, including silent ischemic events, are one of the most important complications of coil embolization for cerebral aneurysms. The treatment outcomes and predictors of silent ischemic events in coil embolization for unruptured DACA aneurysms were investigated, focusing on the morphological characteristics of aneurysms, especially the inflow angle (IA) and global outflow angle (GOA).

Methods

A total of 12 patients with 12 unruptured DACA aneurysms, treated with coil embolization at our institute, were retrospectively investigated. Predictors for silent ischemic events were evaluated by comparing diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)-positive and DWI-negative patients.

Results

Silent ischemic events detected on DWI were observed in eight aneurysms (66.7%). Comparison of the morphological characteristics of aneurysms between the two groups showed a significantly smaller GOA in the DWI-positive group than in the DWI-negative group (172.6 ± 17.7° vs. 216.8 ± 16.8°, P < 0.01). A multivariate analysis showed that GOA <195° was a significant predictor of silent ischemic events ( P = 0.04; odds ratio: 23.62; 95% confidence interval: 1.11–490.39).

Conclusion

A small GOA was a significant predictor of silent ischemic events after coil embolization for unruptured DACA aneurysms. While some patients can be treated safely with minimally invasive coil embolization, it is necessary to consider surgical clipping in patients at high risk of thromboembolic events with coil embolization.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Towards Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in New Zealand Educators: An Online Survey
Authors: Chu Joanna Ting Wai , McCormack Jessica C. , Marsh Samantha , Bullen Chris
Published: May 2022

Background:Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a common form of developmental disability but may be poorly understood by professionals working with people with FASD. The aim of the research is to understand the FASD knowledge, attitudes, awareness, and practices among people employed by the education sector in Aotearoa New Zealand and identify gaps in knowledge. Methods: We conducted an online survey of New Zealand Education professionals. The survey focused on the following areas: Awareness of FASD; Knowledge and beliefs about FASD; Impact of FASD on professional practice; and Training needs. Results: Of the 419 participants, most had some knowledge of FASD and its effects on learning; however, there are still gaps that need to be addressed so educators can provide support to individuals living with FASD. Conclusion: There is a need to improve workforce capacity and develop guidelines that address the needs of front-of-line staff working with children with FASD in education settings.
Encouraging diversity in the early childhood education and care workforce
Authors: Qi Yan , Campbell Marilyn
Published: May 2022

Early childhood education and care is recognised as extremely important for the health, education and welfare of all children. As Australia is a multicultural society then the early childhood education and care workforce needs to reflect the proportion of the population who were born overseas in non–English-speaking countries, often referred to Culturally and Linguistic Diverse individuals. With the staff shortages in the sector, we propose that supporting students in initial teacher training from a CALD background is important. Several ways to accomplish this goal are discussed.
Selection of China's Top Leadership Cadre: The Roles of Supreme Leaders, Factional Networks, and Candidate Attributes
Authors: Liu Jingnan
Published: May 2022

This article provides empirical evidence to show how the general secretaries of the Chinese Communist Party dominated provincial personnel through their factional ties. Based on panel data from 1993 to 2017, this study finds that the provincial leaders’ personal connections with the incumbent party head significantly increased their promotion chances. The positive effect of the incumbent party heads on promotion did not depend on provincial leaders’ economic performance and seniority. This study further uncovers that working experiences in the prefectural leading positions strongly increased the likelihood of promotion. However, connections with other important top leaders did not have similar effects. These findings challenge the traditional wisdom on the collective leadership and indicate the dominance of the Chinese Communist Party's heads for provincial personnel arrangements.
Arterial Spin Labeling technique and clinical applications of the intracranial compartment in stroke and stroke mimics - A case-based review
Authors: Daftari Besheli Laleh , Ahmed Amara , Hamam Omar , Luna Licia , Sun Lisa R , Urrutia Victor , Hillis Argye E , Tekes-Brady Aylin , Yedavalli Vivek
Published: May 2022

Magnetic resonance imaging perfusion (MRP) techniques can improve the selection of acute ischemic stroke patients for treatment by estimating the salvageable area of decreased perfusion, that is, penumbra. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a noncontrast MRP technique that is used to assess cerebral blood flow without the use of intravenous gadolinium contrast. Thus, ASL is of particular interest in stroke imaging. This article will review clinical applications of ASL in stroke such as assessment of the core infarct and penumbra, localization of the vascular occlusion, and collateral status. Given the nonspecific symptoms that patients can present with, differentiating between stroke and a stroke mimic is a diagnostic dilemma. ASL not only helps in differentiating stroke from stroke mimic but also can be used to specify the exact mimic when used in conjunction with the symptomatology and structural imaging. In addition to a case-based overview of clinical applications of the ASL in stroke and stroke mimics in this article, the more commonly used ASL labeling techniques as well as emerging ASL techniques, future developments, and limitations will be reviewed.
Where’s the character education in online higher education? Constructivism, virtue ethics and roles of online educators
Authors: Harrison Tom , Laco Dávid
Published: May 2022

As a long-term trend as well as a crisis-response to the Covid-19 pandemic, online education is increasingly becoming a supplement and /or substitute to face-to-face teaching. Online education has many advantages; however, it also threatens the relational and character-building aspect of education. In this article, we argue that it is incumbent for universities to become intentional about how to develop their students’ character and especially practical wisdom much needed in later professional life. Considering the growth of online education, we offer an initial theoretical and practical input about how such character development could be achieved in this context. Building on the theoretical basis of principles from constructivist learning and neo-Aristotelian virtue ethics, we outline two important roles those running online learning programmes should fulfil; that of character educators and character facilitators and illustrate these in the context of online discussion rooms. We conclude that online higher educators, particularly those developing professionals, must pay more explicit attention to the cultivation of character and wisdom in their teaching, and we make a case for further research to understand which pedagogical approaches have the most impact. The article provides both impetus and a framework for carrying out this research. The arguments made are significant as there has been little prior theory, research and practice that can be utilised to cultivate character through online education.
Managing migraine on the frontline: Identifying disease, understanding burden, and incorporating CGRP pathway-targeting therapies in primary care
Authors: Davis Linda , Torphy Brad
Published: May 2022

Migraine is a common neurologic disorder with clinical phenotypes encompassing a variety of symptoms which all contribute to the burden felt by patients. In addition to negative impacts on a patient’s quality of life, migraine has both direct medical costs and indirect costs related to missed work and decreased productivity that affect individuals as well as society at large. Unfortunately, migraine diagnoses are often missed, and many patients do not receive appropriate treatment. Primary care providers are in a key position to provide timely diagnosis and effectively manage migraine for many patients. This review aims to be a guide for improving migraine management in the primary care setting by providing strategies to overcome common challenges in migraine diagnosis; summarizing current knowledge on the mechanism of action, efficacy, and safety of calcitonin gene–related peptide (CGRP) pathway-targeting therapies; and reviewing approaches to incorporate traditional and emerging treatment options into a patient-centric migraine management strategy.
The Loki Equipment Exercise Part 1: Leading Change
Authors: Romney Alexander C. , Hartwell Christopher J. , Armenta Luis
Published: May 2022

Leading organizational change is a daunting aspect of leadership. However, effectively leading change enables positive individual and organizational outcomes. Herein, we present a case-based classroom exercise to teach students about organizational change, demonstrate different aspects of the change process, and teach how to overcome resistance to change. We draw upon research on leadership and organizational change to introduce the exercise. In the exercise, Taylor Smith, a CEO of a farm equipment manufacturing company, is pressed by the company board to lay off a significant portion of their workforce as production is being moved overseas. In this context, the exercise provides students with an in-depth look at the change process as they discuss how the company will be affected by the layoffs and then explore ways for the layoffs to be carried out.
The Church and the Pandemic in Burma
Authors: Mang Pum Za
Published: May 2022

This article explores how the Burmese, traumatized by deepening political crisis and state violence resulting from the military coup in February 2021, have endured the devastation of the virus, how that staggering virus shattered churches, and how churches, with modest assets, managed to help each other to survive together. Amid an inexpressible health crisis tearing them apart, churches epitomized grace, compassion, resilience, and hope by caring for and serving people, especially the most vulnerable and poorest in society. Sharing suffering together, keeping each other as brothers and sisters, and moving on, despite everything, represent the best in the Christian tradition.
Demystifying the Myths Associated with Caste-Based Reservation
Authors: Kumar Sandeep
Published: May 2022

Affirmative action of the State policy (caste-based reservation) was essentially inserted into the Constitution of India to bring historically exploited, discriminated and marginalized scheduled castes and schedule tribes into the mainstream public life by ensuring the dignity of life through better representational opportunities in public employment. Contrary to its professed aim, it has, in practice, ensured only a skewed representation of people from reserved castes. The conscious attempts are being made to slowly eroding it by vilifying it on various pretexts such as reservation is a compromise with merit, efficiency and the most deserving candidates suffer and so on. The underlying objective of such disparaged attempts is to replace caste-based reservation with an economic-based reservation which evidently defeats the very purpose of caste-based reservation. The introduction of 13-points roster system and 10% reservation are twin attacks on caste-based reservation in recent times apart from the otherwise ‘normalized’ attacks like privatizing the public sector, recruitment on contract/ad-hoc basis and tardy implementation of reservation policy apart from attempts to weaken and demonise SC/ST (Prevention of Atrocities) Act. These demonising and casteist attacks on caste-based reservation are clearly not isolated and disconnected but obvious manifestations of the interests of select castes. It defeats the essence of affirmative policy of the state. It is clearly a travesty of social justice. This article tries to explore and demystify different facets of reservation policy like the basis of reservation, flawed merit logic, the impact of privatization on reservation, newly introduced reservation for economically weaker section (EWS) and the way ahead to annihilate the caste system.
Factors Associated With Nonunion and Infection Following Ankle Arthrodesis Using a Large Claims Database: Who Has Elevated Risk?
Authors: Wong Liam H. , Chrea Bopha , Meeker James E. , Yoo Jung U. , Atwater Lara C.
Published: May 2022

Background:

Complications such as nonunion and infection following ankle arthrodesis can lead to increased patient morbidity and financial burden from repeat operations. Improved knowledge of risk factors can improve patient selection and inform post–ankle arthrodesis surveillance protocols.

Methods:

This is a large retrospective, database study with structured query of a national insurance claims database (PearlDiver Technologies) for patients treated with ankle arthrodesis from 2015 to 2019 as identified by International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision ( ICD-10), codes. Patients with any operation 1 year prior to or following ankle arthrodesis were excluded from analysis to prevent attributing complications to another operation. Likelihoods of nonunion and infection within 1 year and 3 years following ankle arthrodesis were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier estimations. Patient characteristics associated with the identified complications following ankle arthrodesis were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression analyses.

Results:

Our query yielded 2463 patients in the 5-year period who underwent ankle arthrodesis. Nonunion occurred in 11% (95% CI 10-12) of patients within 1 year of ankle arthrodesis and 16% (95% CI 14-17) of patients within 3 years. Infection occurred in 3.9% (95% CI 3.1-4.7) of patients within 1 year of ankle arthrodesis and in 6.2% (95% CI 5.1-7.2) of patients within 3 years. Obese patients increased odds of nonunion on multivariable analysis (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.3-2.0; P < .001). On multivariable analysis, diabetes (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.2-2.6; P = .010) and each 1-unit increase in Elixhauser Comorbidity Index scores (OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.1-1.2; P < .001) contributed to increased odds of infection after ankle arthrodesis.

Conclusion:

Nonunion and infection following ankle arthrodesis have a 3-year probability of 16% and 6%, respectively. More than one-quarter of patients with nonunion following ankle arthrodesis experience a delay in diagnosis beyond 1 year. The risk of post–ankle arthrodesis nonunion is highest in patients with obesity; the risk of post–ankle arthrodesis infection is highest in patients with diabetes or an elevated Elixhauser Comorbidity Index score.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, prognostic study.
The Politics of Trust: How trust reconciles autonomy and solidarity in alternative organizations
Authors: Husted Emil , Just Sine Nørholm
Published: May 2022

In this paper, we explore the politics of trust in alternative organizations, understood as counter-hegemonic collectives characterized by an equal commitment to individual autonomy and collective solidarity. Although trust is rarely theorized in studies of alternative organizations, it is frequently claimed to be the glue that holds such collectives together. The main purpose of the paper is to substantiate this claim theoretically. Drawing eclectically on Niklas Luhmann and Ernesto Laclau, we argue that trust serves at least two functions in alternative organizations. First, trust serves as an object of identification for people who long for an alternative to the current state of affairs. Such identification rests on the creation of an antagonistic frontier between the organization and its constitutive outside. Here, trust is understood as a way of establishing alternatives by providing space for individual autonomy. We refer to this as the political function of trust. Second, trust serves as a mechanism that renders possible the reconciliation of otherwise irreconcilable interests and identities. Trust fulfils this function by suspending the temporal distance between present and future, thereby creating an extensive ‘moment of undecidability’ in which competing interpretations of what it means to be alternative may coexist. Here, trust is understood as a way of maintaining alternatives by cultivating solidarity between diverse individuals. We refer to this as the depoliticizing function of trust. Combined, these two functions allow people to be ‘different together’, which is often claimed to be the sine qua non of alternative organizing. In conclusion, we hypothesize that both functions of trust may be operative in mainstream organizations as well, although the depoliticizing function is clearly more prevalent.
Genetic support of a causal relationship between iron status and atrial fibrillation: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Wang Tianyi , Cheng Jun , Wang Yanggan
Published: May 2022

Background

Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia disease. Animal and observational studies have found a link between iron status and atrial fibrillation. However, the causal relationship between iron status and AF remains unclear. The purpose of this investigation was to use Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis, which has been widely applied to estimate the causal effect, to reveal whether systemic iron status was causally related to atrial fibrillation.

Methods

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) strongly associated (P < 5 × 10−8) with four biomarkers of systemic iron status were obtained from a genome-wide association study involving 48,972 subjects conducted by the Genetics of Iron Status consortium. Summary-level data for the genetic associations with atrial fibrillation were acquired from the AFGen (Atrial Fibrillation Genetics) consortium study (including 65,446 atrial fibrillation cases and 522,744 controls). We used a two-sample MR analysis to obtain a causal estimate and further verified credibility through sensitivity analysis.

Results

Genetically instrumented serum iron [OR 1.09; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02–1.16; p = 0.01], ferritin [OR 1.16; 95% CI 1.02–1.33; p = 0.02], and transferrin saturation [OR 1.05; 95% CI 1.01–1.11; p = 0.01] had positive effects on atrial fibrillation. Genetically instrumented transferrin levels [OR 0.90; 95% CI 0.86–0.97; p = 0.006] were inversely correlated with atrial fibrillation.

Conclusion

In conclusion, our results strongly elucidated a causal link between genetically determined higher iron status and increased risk of atrial fibrillation. This provided new ideas for the clinical prevention and treatment of atrial fibrillation.