bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of 2 Artificial Intelligence Software for Chest X-Ray Screening and Pulmonary Tuberculosis Diagnosis: Protocol for a Retrospective Case-Control Study
Authors: Mohd Hisham Muhammad Faiz , Lodz Noor Aliza , Muhammad Eida Nurhadzira , Asari Filza Noor , Mahmood Mohd Ihsani , Abu Bakar Zamzurina
Published: February 2023

Background

According to the World Bank, Malaysia reported an estimated 97 tuberculosis cases per 100,000 people in 2021. Chest x-ray (CXR) remains the best conventional method for the early detection of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) infection. The intervention of artificial intelligence (AI) in PTB diagnosis could efficiently aid human interpreters and reduce health professionals’ work burden. To date, no AI studies have been evaluated in Malaysia.

Objective

This study aims to evaluate the performance of Putralytica and Qure.ai software for CXR screening and PTB diagnosis among the Malaysian population.

Methods

We will conduct a retrospective case-control study at the Respiratory Medicine Institute, National Cancer Institute, and Sungai Buloh Health Clinic. A total of 1500 CXR images of patients who completed treatments or check-ups will be selected and categorized into three groups: (1) abnormal PTB cases, (2) abnormal non-PTB cases, and (3) normal cases. These CXR images, along with their clinical findings, will be the reference standard in this study. All patient data, including sociodemographic characteristics and clinical history, will be collected prior to screening via Putralytica and Qure.ai software and readers’ interpretation, which are the index tests for this study. Interpretation from all 3 index tests will be compared with the reference standard, and significant statistical analysis will be computed.

Results

Data collection is expected to commence in August 2023. It is anticipated that 1 year will be needed to conduct the study.

Conclusions

This study will measure the accuracy of Putralytica and Qure.ai software and whether their findings will concur with readers’ interpretation and the reference standard, thus providing evidence toward the effectiveness of implementing AI in the medical setting.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/36121
Changes in Radiology Due to Artificial Intelligence That Can Attract Medical Students to the Specialty
Authors: Liu David Shalom , Abu-Shaban Kamil , Halabi Safwan S , Cook Tessa Sundaram
Published: February 2023

The role of artificial intelligence (AI) in radiology has grown exponentially in the recent years. One of the primary worries by medical students is that AI will cause the roles of a radiologist to become automated and thus obsolete. Therefore, there is a greater hesitancy by medical students to choose radiology as a specialty. However, it is in this time of change that the specialty needs new thinkers and leaders. In this succinct viewpoint, 2 medical students involved in AI and 2 radiologists specializing in AI or clinical informatics posit that not only are these fears false, but the field of radiology will be transformed in such a way due to AI that there will be novel reasons to choose radiology. These new factors include greater impact on patient care, new space for innovation, interdisciplinary collaboration, increased patient contact, becoming master diagnosticians, and greater opportunity for global health initiatives, among others. Finally, since medical students view mentorship as a critical resource when deciding their career path, medical educators must also be cognizant of these changes and not give much credence to the prevalent fearmongering. As the field and practice of radiology continue to undergo significant change due to AI, it is urgent and necessary for the conversation to expand from expert to expert to expert to student. Medical students should be encouraged to choose radiology specifically because of the changes brought on by AI rather than being deterred by it.
The Early Detection of Fraudulent COVID-19 Products From Twitter Chatter: Data Set and Baseline Approach Using Anomaly Detection
Authors: Sarker Abeed , Lakamana Sahithi , Liao Ruqi , Abbas Aamir , Yang Yuan-Chi , Al-Garadi Mohammed
Published: February 2023

Background

Social media has served as a lucrative platform for spreading misinformation and for promoting fraudulent products for the treatment, testing, and prevention of COVID-19. This has resulted in the issuance of many warning letters by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). While social media continues to serve as the primary platform for the promotion of such fraudulent products, it also presents the opportunity to identify these products early by using effective social media mining methods.

Objective

Our objectives were to (1) create a data set of fraudulent COVID-19 products that can be used for future research and (2) propose a method using data from Twitter for automatically detecting heavily promoted COVID-19 products early.

Methods

We created a data set from FDA-issued warnings during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic. We used natural language processing and time-series anomaly detection methods for automatically detecting fraudulent COVID-19 products early from Twitter. Our approach is based on the intuition that increases in the popularity of fraudulent products lead to corresponding anomalous increases in the volume of chatter regarding them. We compared the anomaly signal generation date for each product with the corresponding FDA letter issuance date. We also performed a brief manual analysis of chatter associated with 2 products to characterize their contents.

Results

FDA warning issue dates ranged from March 6, 2020, to June 22, 2021, and 44 key phrases representing fraudulent products were included. From 577,872,350 posts made between February 19 and December 31, 2020, which are all publicly available, our unsupervised approach detected 34 out of 44 (77.3%) signals about fraudulent products earlier than the FDA letter issuance dates, and an additional 6 (13.6%) within a week following the corresponding FDA letters. Content analysis revealed misinformation, information, political, and conspiracy theories to be prominent topics.

Conclusions

Our proposed method is simple, effective, easy to deploy, and does not require high-performance computing machinery unlike deep neural network–based methods. The method can be easily extended to other types of signal detection from social media data. The data set may be used for future research and the development of more advanced methods.
Developing a Memory and Communication App for Persons Living With Dementia: An 8-Step Process
Authors: Brown Ellen L , Ruggiano Nicole , Allala Sai Chaithra , Clarke Peter J , Davis Debra , Roberts Lisa , Framil C Victoria , Muñoz Maríateresa Teri Hernandez , Hough Monica Strauss , Bourgeois Michelle S
Published: February 2023

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.3928/19404921-20210825-02
The Impact of Digital Economy on Middle-Income Groups: An Empirical Study in China
Authors: Lv Zhiqing
Published: February 2023

This paper explores the impact and mechanism of the digital economy on middle-income groups. In theory, the digital economy can empower middle-income groups by increasing entrepreneurial activity. Empirically, based on the data of CFPS database from 2010 to 2018, this paper measures the proportion of middle-income groups and the development level of digital economy in 25 provinces in China, uses the number of new registrations of private enterprises to describe the entrepreneurial activity, and established a two-way fixed effect model, intermediary mechanism model and heterogeneity analysis model to empirical analysis on this basis. It is found that the digital economy has a significant positive effect on middle-income groups and stimulating entrepreneurial activity is an important transmission mechanism for the digital economy to empower middle-income groups. When other factors remain unchanged, every 1 percentage point increase in the China’s digital economy development index, the proportion of middle-income groups will increase by 0.14%, and the entrepreneurial activity will increase by 0.097%. Further studies have found that significant heterogeneity exists in the effect of middle-income groups empowering middle-income groups. The higher level of digital economy development, the lower impact on middle-income groups, which has the characteristics of diminishing marginal effects.
Private Sector Participation and the Provision of Facilities for Universities Business Education Undergraduates’ Acquisition of 21st Century Skills
Authors: Edet David Asuquo , Udida Fabian Ugbe , Ewum Comfort Owai
Published: February 2023

This study investigated private sector participation and the provision of facilities for universities business education undergraduates’ acquisition of 21st century skills. It looked at infrastructural and instructional facilities. Two research questions were answered while two hypotheses guided the study. The population comprised heads of departments, heads of units, senior non-academic staff, 300 and 400 levels students in the 2021/2022 academic session from Technical and Vocational Education departments in which business education is a part drawn from two institutions: University of Calabar (UNICAL) and Cross River University of Technology (CRUTECH). A sample of 124 respondents out of a population of 376 was drawn therefrom. Of this number, 122 copies of the instrument representing 98.39% return rate was achieved. Census technique was used to select the heads of departments, heads of unit and senior non-academic staff, purposive sampling was used in selecting 300 and 400 levels students because they were considered relatively knowledgeable concerning the items contained in the questionnaire, while systematic random sampling was adopted in selecting the 300 and 400 levels students that actually responded to the questionnaire. A validated four point rating scale structured questionnaire titled Private Sector Participation and the Provision of Facilities for Universities Business Education Undergraduates’ Acquisition of 21st Century Skills Questionnaire (PSPPFUBEUSAQ) was used for data collection. A reliability estimate of .84 was achieved for the instrument using Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient after a pilot test. Mean and standard deviation were used in answering the research questions, while population t-test was used in testing the hypotheses at .05 level of significance. Findings revealed among others that the extent of private sector participation in the provision of infrastructural facilities for universities business education undergraduates’ acquisition of 21st century skills is significantly low. Based on this, it was recommended that the government as well as the regulatory authorities should as a matter of importance enact policies that will mandate private sector organizations to regularly donate educational facilities to institutions of learning in their operational areas. Such donations can be carried out as part of their philanthropic corporate social responsibilities which could aggregate a certain percentage of their annual profits.
Streamlit Interface for Multiple Disease Diagnosis
Authors: Keerthi MS P. , Reddy G. Srikar , Raghava V. Sai , Reddy K. Buchi
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Nowadays most people are suffering with the many chronic diseases and getting effected by those without having the knowledge. In this paper we are trying to establish a single streamlet interface for three different machine learning disease prediction models. Our interface includes three diseases which are heart disease, diabetes, and pneumonia. Our heart disease model is developed using the logistic regression which explores whether the person have healthy heart or not by taking the needed inputs which are explored in further sections. Our diabetes model predicts whether the person has diabetes or not and it is developed through SVM classifier. The pneumonia model is developed through convolution neural network (CNN) which enhances whether the person has pneumonia or not by taking chest x-ray image as the input. All these models are embedded in the streamlit interface which is the python framework for making website interface. User can interact with these models through this interface by giving needed inputs and predicting their disease and enacting to them early before they get worst.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Azure-B by Using Zinc Oxide as Photocatalyst
Authors: Gulati Seema , Mathur Ritu , Mishra Vivek
Published: February 2023

Abstract: The photocatalytic degradation of Azure-B over zinc oxide suspended in aqueous solution has been carried out. The progress of reaction was observed by measuring optical density of the reaction mixture, containing dye and zinc oxide at different time intervals with the help of UV Spectro photometer. A decrease in the optical density indicates that the dye was bleaching during the photochemical process. Effect of various parameters like pH, concentration of dye, amount of semi-conductor and light intensity on the reaction rate has been investigated and tentative mechanism has been proposed.
Assessment of Speculation in Real Estate Sector in Pune City
Authors: Sonar Dr. S. G. , Patil Saurabh S.
Published: February 2023

Abstract: The Real Estate Sector is an aggregate made up of the housing, industrial, office and retail sectors; wherein, housing sector play the most significant role. The Real Estate Sector has emerged as the most prominent investment option for the country’s urban households, taking priority over gold, fixed deposits and equities exchange trading. At any point in time, this sector may not be at demand-supply equilibrium because of frequent exogenous parameters and a number of uncertainties present. The investment in Real Estate Sector, particularly in housing properties is done with speculative intention. The speculative activities in the housing properties are the result of uncertainty about future price movements. These activities add pressure to housing demand and, through hoarding, reduce the number of housing units directly available to buyers, thereby pushing up the housing prices. Therefore, assessment of speculation in Real Estate Sector in general and housing sector in particular has become inevitable to achieve equilibrium in Real Estate Sector and stability in housing prices. In this research paper, assessment of speculation in Real Estate Sector in the city of Pune has been carried out using Indexing Method along-with analysis of RESIDEX Index, Vacancy Ratio, Saving Investment Options and Rental Yield parameters.
A VGG16 Based Hybrid Deep Convolutional Neural Network Based Real-Time Video Frame Emotion Detection System for Affective Human Computer Interaction
Authors: Ganie Irfan Ahmad , Gupta Ankur , Oberoi Dr. Ashish
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Facial emotion recognition is field of computer vision that deals with recognizing the emotions of the user by facial expression analysis. The development of facial emotion recognition technology has the potential to enhance human-computer interaction by making machines more responsive to human emotions. For recognizing facial emotions, a variety of machine learning methods have been used, such as deep neural networks, support vector machines, decision trees, and among others, Convolutional neural networks (CNNs), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), and their combinations have all been suggested as designs, which have proven especially effective in this field. However, despite substantial advancements in the area, there are still difficulties in attaining accurate and consistent facial expression identification in real-time everyday situations. The effectiveness and usability of face expression detection systems for diverse applications must therefore be improved and efficient systems be developed to expand the focus on further applications of emotions in achieving affective Human computer interaction. My main objective in this paper will be to focus on being able to accurately identify user’s emotion in a real world scenario. I will be a designing a hybrid deep learning CNN architectures for the real world implementation of the real-time emotion recognition system for improving Human Computer Interaction
Bending Energy of Electric Dipole using Geometric Orientation Method
Authors: Singh Sudheshwar , Gavel Avinash , Suryawanshi Dr. H. R.
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Heat is the lower form of energy and work is the higher one. In every electrical, mechanical or electro-mechanical circuits energy is assumed to be conserved. Similarly, in magnetic and electrical circuits charge and potential difference are tried to be conserved. In this paper, we will analyse the different propagations of electro-static charges so that the main component of electric energy field (i.e. electric dipole moment) can be quantified for every orientation & trajectory of electric charge couple. A general formula for bending of the magnet is derived using direct geometric method. In this the magnetic dipole of a solide ferromagnetic within the Curie temperature is represented.
Various non-chemical control methods: their effectiveness on blister blight disease (Exobasidium vexans Massee) on tea
Authors: Rayati Dini Jamia
Published: February 2023

Chemical control method of blister blight disease (Exobasidium vexans Massee) on tea could inflict various negative impacts. In order to obtain an environmentally sound control method of blister blight disease, a field trial has been conducted to know the effectiveness of various non-chemical control methods on blister blight disease. The trial was carried out at Ciliwung Tea Plantation (1.400 m asl), Bogor, West Java, designed in a randomized complete block, with eight treatments and three replications. The treatments tested comprised: the application of an antagonistic fungus (Verticillium sp.) on two level of doses, 2 and 3 kg/ha; the application of nutrient (mollases 2% + urea 1%); the application of the combination of the antagonistic fungus and nutrient (Verticillium sp. 2 kg/ha + mollases 2% + urea 1%); the application of compost tea with and without aeration system; the application of copper-chemical fungicide as standard treatment; and control. All of the treatments were applied by spraying on tea bushes infected by blister blight disease, and the parameter observed was blister blight disease intensity, which was formulated in percentage of disease intensity index (DII). The results showed that in heavy-attack condition (DII higher than 50%), only the treatments of compost tea application which were effective in suppressing the intensity of blister blight disease. Meanwhile, other treatments of non-chemical control methods could not suppress the disease intensity, even the copper-chemical fungicide as a standard treatment was no longer effective too.Â  The results also showed that the use of aeration system in making compost tea could increase the effectiveness of compost tea in controlling blister blight disease. The effectiveness level of aerated compost tea (42.9%) was higher than non-aerated compost tea (29.5%).
Selection of superior assamica tea clones with high yield potential and high catechine contents
Authors: Sriyadi Bambang
Published: February 2023

Selection of superior assamica tea clones with high yielding potential and high catechine contents, was conducted using plant materials of selected mothers bushes from F1 polyclonal seed field with a clone composition of Kiara 8, TRI 777, TRI 2024, TRI 2025, and PS 1. The selected bushes had a minimum 100 g per bush. This research was conducted in Pasir Sarongge Experimental Garden, representing medium elevation and Gambung Experimental Garden, representing high elevation. Experimental design in each location was a randomized complete block design with three replications. Twenty five selected clones were used in this research with one high yielding GMB 7 as a check. Plot contained 15 bushes with plant distant of 120 x 80 cm. Shoot yield were observed in September to November 2010 on six years old plant of third prunning stages with plucking cycle seven days. Catechine content of clone were observed by extracting dry tea shoot in boilling water, followed by deluting in ethyl acetate and HPLC readings. The results showed that in medium elevation clone number of II.32.15 had similar yielding potential with GMB 7 clone with catechine content 16,44%, and at high elevation clones number of II.6.10, III.28.4, III.35.3, and III.36.15 had high yielding potential and catechine content of 15,35%; 16,13%; 16,03%; and 13,14% respectively
Antidiabetic activity of of green tea ethanol extract on white mouse
Authors: Rohdiana Dadan , Firmansyah Adang , Setiawati Anik , Yunita Nuni
Published: February 2023

In China, India, United State, and some small other countries, tea has been consumed to prevent various disease, such as diabetes mellitus. A number of recent research revealed that consumption of green tea has an impact on the ability of insulin sensitivity in reducing glucose content in human body. Research to know antidiabetic activity of ethanol extract of green tea on experimental rats has been conducted using glucose tolerance method on rats. Results showed that application of 720 mg/kg BW of ethanol extract of green tea at 120, 180, and 240 minutes after application could reduce glucose content in the body. While applications of 180 mg/kg BW and 360 mg/kg BW of ethanol extract of green tea reduced glucose content of the body at 180 and 240 minutes after application respectively.
Analysis of individual cathecin from green tea extracted and fractionated by column chromatography
Authors: Rohdiana Dadan , Shabri Shabri
Published: February 2023

A study determination of solvent and eluent on extraction process and fractination of individual cathecin especially epigallocathecin gallate (EGCG) by column chromatoÂ­graphy method. This study devided on two steps, i.e. determination of raw material, solÂ­vent, process optimation for extraction and fravtination of green tea extract, evapoÂ­ration and drying. Characterization of polyphenol conducted by visible spectroÂ­photoÂ­meter, analysis of individual cathecin by HPLC. This study was did in Laboratory of Processing Technology and Laboratory of Testing for Tea and Cinchona, Research Institute for Tea and Cinchona, at September 2007 up to March 2008. Result of this study shown that ratio of solvent aceton and water 7:3 v/v, ratio of tea and solvent 1:15 w/v for 15 minutes at 55-60ÂºC obtained 53.39% polyphenol on extract and yield gradiently produce extract with purity of cathecin is 94% b/b, EGCG 64.03% from feed with cathecin content is 82.96% w/w and EGCG 42.34% w/w.
The effect of indigenous and exogeneous endophythic bacteria on shoot production, soil and tea leaf nitrogen content under drought season
Authors: Pranoto Eko
Published: February 2023

Drought season with rainfall <100 mm/month for more than two months cause tea plant growth disturbed, reduction in leaf proÂ­duction, and death of plant. Nitrogen was the macro essential nutrient needed for vegetative growth and was important for building the cell, include protein, DNA, and RNA. Nitrogen was related on proline content to support the drought tolerance in plant. The nitrogen reÂ­quirement on tea plantation can be fulfilled by anorganic, organic, and biofertilizer. This study was aimed at determining effect of indigenous and exogeneous endophythic bacteria effecÂ­tiveness on productivity and nitrogen content on soil and tea plant. This research was carried out at the Block A7 Gambung, Research Intitute for Tea and Cinchona. The study was conducÂ­ted during drought season (June to September 2013). The experimental design was randomize blocked design with factorial arrangement and three levels of each factor: i.e. 1. anorganic nitrogen dose (N): a. 100% N dose; b. 75% N dose; c. 50% N dose, 2. endophytic bacteria (E); a. control (without); b. indigenous (DtG7-5); c. exogenous (Acinetobacter sp). The result showed that the indigenous and exogenous endophytic bacteria could be maintained the leaf production and significantly different on drought season, i.e. on 3rd, 4th, and 6th plucking. The highest leaf production increasing depend on before applied the treatment was the combined of endophitic bacteria and 100% anorganic fertilizer. All of the treatment has not significantly different on N-total of soil and N content of plant. The applied of indigenous and also exogenous endophytic bacteria was proÂ­duced the average of nitrogen content on soil around 10-13% higher than the control treatÂ­ment (only anorganic fertilizer applied) and the nitrogen content on plant was lower 1-2% than control treatment (only anorganic fertilizer applied).
Grounded theory as a qualitative research method in medicine
Authors: Kharkova O. A. , Kuznetsov V. N. , Kholmatova K. K. , Grjibovski A. M.
Published: February 2023

This article presents Grounded Theory as an approach of data analysis in a qualitative study. Main principles of Grounded Theory, stages of development, and three phases of data analysis, such as open coding, axial coding, selective coding, are discussed.
3D-scanning is a promising technology for the study of anthropometric indicators in military personnel
Authors: Yudin A. B. , Soshkin P. A. , Vlasov A. A. , Pesenko A. N. , Zabrodsky D. S. , Zaitsev A. G.
Published: February 2023

The article discusses modern approaches to anthropometric research. The article presents the current trends in the physical development of young people of military age in the context of epochal variability (secular trend). It has been established that the normative documents regulating anthropometric research need significant processing in accordance with the realities of the time. At the same time, new technologies for studying anthropometric indicators have appeared in recent years, which, with the help of digital visualization, make it possible to perform not only an assessment of linear and projected body sizes in a short time, but also to build computer models of the human body. To solve these problems, it is proposed to use the Bodiscanner 3D Bio Kinect device and its subsequent adaptation for conducting anthropometric studies in the interests of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation.
Аssessment of vitamin and mineral deficiency risk among contract servicemen while carrying out offshore operations
Authors: Rakhmanov R. S. , Spirin S. A. , Bogomolova E. S. , Razgulin S. A.
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVE: To assess the risk of vitamin and mineral deficiency of the body among contract servicemen while carrying out offshore operations in the temperate latitudes of the Far East.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The signs of vitamin and mineral deficiency among servicemen (n=27) were detected twice with the use of computer program Vita-test: before going to sea and in 2 months (return). There was the analysis of nutrient content in the sea rations №3. Before going to sea meals were provided at home. Statistics: After defining the test of raw data normality, significance of differences in dependent parametric samples was carried out by Student’s test, using computer program Statistica-6.1.

RESULTS: An imbalanced diet led to increase in signs of vitamin and mineral deficiency. By criteria the risk of deficiency signs (initial and after return): on vitamins — average with the growth of 40,3% (р=0,0002), on minerals — low (3 points) and average (5,24 points, р=0,05).

DISCUSSION: Vitamin diet correction is updated on sea trips. The present study has proven that as well as necessity to correct mineral deficiency. It showed the possibility of assessing the risk of micronutrient deficiency, using the technology of questionnaire and computer analysis.

CONCLUSION: The approach of dynamic monitoring allowed to evaluate the index of studied nutrients, the risk of deficiency while carrying out offshore operations. This method allows to estimate individual and group dynamics of vitamin and mineral balance of a body while working at sea to make decisions on the prevention of nutrient deficiency.
Determination of a professionogram of the divers spesialty according to personal and psychophysiological characteristscs
Authors: Andrijchenko A. M. , Yemushintsev P. A. , Mikulich V. V.
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVE: To study divers’ professional (labor) activity and to develop specialty professiogram «diver» by personal and psychophysiological characteristics.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 16 people (men), aged 25–45 years, having served from 2 to more than 10 years. The methods of professional graphic research, according to the developed scheme in three stages were applied. The first stage included analysis of the governing documents, current documentation, study of work tasks and work monitoring. In the second stage there was analysis of scientific literature, containing information from the study area. Methods of observation, survey, oral intake, questionnaire and method of expert assessments were studied. The third stage analysed the method of expert assessments.

RESULTS: As result of the study professiogram was developed, and highlighted professionally important qualities in it might become a significant indicator in determining professional competence in the specialty «diver» at the stage of selecting and training highly-qualified staff.

DISCUSSION: The main predictors, affecting the efficiency of professional activity, are personal (type of temperament — sanguine or phlegmatic, lack of claustrophobia, switching from one activity to another, memory length, figurative thinking) and psychophysiological characteristics (noise immunity to various distractions and environmental factors, lability of the nervous system, high reaction speed, switching ability, stable coordination of movements). Their intensity allows to define professionals’ typological features and to form a picture of individual self-regulation style, behavioral reaction, backing up phsychological stability and success in performing professional tasks.
Modern approaches to projection and differentiated assessment of cardiovascular risks in surgery: review
Authors: Shulenin K. S. , Cherkashin D. V. , Soloviev I. A. , Kuchev R. D.
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVE: Study modern approaches to projection and differentiated assessment of cardiovascular risks with extracardiac surgical interventions.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The articles from scientometric database RSCI, PubMed and Scopus for 2005–2022 are analyzed. In total, 39 literary sources were selected; not less than 70% of which were published over the past 5 years. The works, published more than 5 years ago, were allowed to include in the literature review only in case if they were primary sources and highly informative. RESULTS: To predict perioperative risk there is currently a range of general validated scales that help to define patients with a high risk of death and development of complications. These algorithms were developed based on multivariate statistical analysis of a large number of studies and reflect the links between clinical, laboratory and instrumental indicators with perioperative cardiovascular risk and mortality.

DISCUSSION: Nowadays there is no opportunity to predict the risk of developing cardiovascular complications and death after surgical intervention with 100% probability. The majority of existing indices and scales has their drawbacks, but complement each other, and their use may significantly help in the decision-making process on patient management tactics. However, data acquired through these means should be considered and taken into account only in the general context of diagnostic process along with conventional diagnostic methods.

CONCLUSION: The assessment of patient’s medical status and cardiovascular risk is one of the major tasks in preoperative preparation, which solution requires improvement and standardization of step-by-step algorithms.
Рrofessional burnout syndrome as a manifestation of stress in naval specialists of different age groups
Authors: Soshkin P. A. , Simakina O. E.
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVE: To assess the symptom severity and formation of professional burnout syndrome (PBS) in naval experts of different age groups.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: 849 naval experts, aged 25–45 were examined. Based on generally accepted methods, there was the evaluation of professional burnout and stress, considering clinical-psychophysiological features of the respondents with a different severity level of symptom manifestation. Moreover, to assess the dynamics of professional burnout in naval experts, performing military service as part of Arctic division, subgroups by age were identified out of the total sample (N=127): the group of persons, performing military service as part of Arctic division aged 25–30 included 21 people (n1=21), aged 31–40–72 people (n2=72), aged 41–45–34 people (n3=34). Statistics: Statistic analysis of the data was conducted using the application package «STATISTICA 6.0» and spreadsheet Microsoft Excel-2010.

RESULTS: The formation nature of PB syndrome in naval experts of different age showed that the persons, performing military service as part of Arctic division, aged 25–30, experienced a high rate of stress phase (68,1±7,9 points), indicating its formation, and 39,8±7,5 points in the resistance phase, indicating the process of this phase formation; yet there were normative values (28,4±5,1 points) on the exhaustion phase in this group of people. The naval experts, performing military service as part of Arctic division, aged 31–40, experienced a high rate of stress phase (72,8±7,9 points) and resistance phase (73,4±11,5 points), indicating their formation in the examined individuals; at the same time the indicators on the exhaustion phase did not overcome the normative values of 26,7±7,2 points. The naval experts, performing military service as part of Arctic division, aged 41–45, experienced average normative values on stress phase (25,9±3,8 points), resistance phase (23,9±3,9 points); yet there was formation of exhaustion phase (39,1±6,9 points).

DISCUSSION: The analysis allowed to reveal age-sensitive formation of professional burnout syndrome. It is shown that individual manifestations of the syndrome form clear modal symptoms among different age groups. The specifics of neuropsychic disorders in naval experts of different age groups were identified.

CONCLUSION: The data analysis allowed to conclude that prevention of PBS formation and its successful overcoming could largely be achieved by naval experts’ implementation of optimal strategies for coping with stress and using constructive and mature psychological defenses in their behavior.
Decompression drainage of jaw cysts as a method of providing emergency surgical care and treatment of the crew of ships and vessels
Authors: Golovko A. A. , Muzykin M. I. , Iordanishvili A. K , Goncharenko S. A.
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVE: Based on the data of domestic and foreign literature, as well as our own research, to evaluate the possibility of treating patients with extensive jaw cysts, including those undergoing military service in seafarers, using various surgical methods.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A review of the literature presented in domestic and foreign scientometric databases over the past 10 years was made. 15 domestic and 37 foreign scientific papers from the PubMed international medical library, the CyberLeninka electronic library and the elibrary medical electronic portal were analyzed. Publications were studied for the following keywords: odontogenic cysts of the jaws, cystectomy, cystotomy, marsupialization, decompression drainage, guided bone regeneration, keratocysts.

RESULTS: During the study of specialized literature over the past 10 years, it was revealed that in the context of the treatment of extensive jaw cysts, the description of the cystectomy operation was most common: in 65.0% of domestic and 50.0% of foreign literature sources. Cystotomy was found in 25.0% and 33.3% among domestic and foreign sources. The method of marsupialization was used less often only in 10.0% in domestic literature and in 17.7% in foreign literature.

DISCUSSION: Analysis of literature sources of domestic and foreign databases has demonstrated the most frequent use of cystotomy and cystectomy in the treatment of extensive jaw cysts and extremely rare use of decompression drainage, despite the significant advantages of using the marsupialization method, namely minimizing the likelihood of damage to neighboring anatomical structures, preventing subsequent possible deformation of the jaws, reducing the risk of recurrence of jaw cysts, as well as the development of postoperative and intraoperative complications compared with cystotomy and cystectomy.

CONCLUSION: Based on the review of the literature and our own research, this article examines the main options for surgical treatment, and also assesses the possibility of using decompression drainage to provide emergency care in a campaign and treat military personnel with extensive cavity formations of the jaws.
Periodontal diseases of seafarers, their prevention and treatment during long voyages: prospective study
Authors: Serikov A. A. , Iordanishvili A. K.
Published: February 2023

INTRODUCTION: For seafarers are characteristic a number of ecopathic factors that might provoke the emergence and progression of periodontal disease. Pre-voyage oral rehabilitation is an important component, aimed at timely detection, treatment and recurrence prevention of periodontal disease on long voyage.

OBJECTIVES: The study focused on detecting periodontal disease among seafarers, determining the cause, contributing to its emergence and progression, assessment of preventive health care measures and treatment effectiveness on long voyage.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: There was the study of periodontal tissues, occurrence and intensity of the periodontal pathology course, also oral hygiene and conditions of items for individual dental care among 169 men, aged 22–52 on long voyage. The first group included 57 seamen, who were part of the crew. The second group included 112 people, who were studying and a long voyage was the first one for them. While detecting periodontal pathology, treatment was carried out, and after its completion there were relapse-prevention measures, that were consistent given the people on the ship on long voyage. Informed consent was obtained from each patient. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the International Academy of Ecological Science, Human and Nature Security (protocol № 3 of 10.05.2022). Statistics. Parametric Student’s criterion under normal distribution law and Mann-Whitney non-parametric criterion as distinct from normal indicator distribution were used for the evaluation of reliability of differences compared averages.

RESULTS: Found that pre-voyage rehabilitation of the oral cavity among seafarers is not always properly carried out as there were 26,3–31,3% cases of periodontal disease, identified on long voyage. Despite adequate individual oral hygiene in 24,6–27,7% seafarers, there were inappropriate oral care items that provoked inadequate individual oral hygiene.

DISCUSSION: The most frequent kinds of periodontal disease were catarrhal gingivitis and localized periodontitis of mild severity. Issues of periodontal disease treatment in seafarers on long voyage are being discussed.

CONCLUSION: To improve dental health in seafarers, it is necessary to treat periodontal diseases before voyage. On long voyage seamen should use only the items, habitable for individual oral hygiene, and make their timely replacement. In all cases of periodontal disease treatment it was possible to achieve directly good therapeutic results and to avoid the relapse of inflammatory periodontal pathology, typical for seafarers, during 9-month voyage.
IMPROVED SURVIVAL FOR CHILDHOOD ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA IN A LOW MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRY: REDUCTION IN ABANDONMENT and relapse
Authors: Bogonko George , Njuguna Festus , Odongo Fredrick , OLBARA GILBERT , Langat Sandra , Kipng'etich Martha , Njenga Dennis , Mostert Saskia , Kaspers Gertjan , Vik Terry
Published: February 2023

Background: In our earlier published outcomes of children with
acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital
in Kenya (MTRH), we showed low event-free survival (EFS) with high
induction mortality and abandonment. Based on this observation, the team
focused on strategies to reduce both causes of poor outcomes.
Intervention: We dropped doxorubicin from induction therapy as
the supply of L-asparaginase became reliable, improved social and
financial support for insurance coverage and transportation, promptly
initiated empirical antibiotics during episodes of febrile neutropenia,
and enhanced the availability of blood products. Objective: Our
study compared childhood ALL outcomes before (2010-2016) and after
(2017-2020) modification of induction therapy, with improved social and
financial support and supportive care. Methods: We reviewed the
medical records of 123 children with ALL between 2017 to 2020. Their
treatment results were collected and compared to those of 136 children
before the (2010-2016) modification of induction therapy, with improved
social and financial support. Results: Three-year EFS estimates
improved from 18.2% to 40.7%. Relapse or progressive disease decreased
from 26% to 16%, and abandonment from 24% to 14%. Deaths and
survival through induction did not change significantly between the two
periods. Children between 1-9 years and those with white blood cell
(WBC) count <50x10 /L had better EFS.
Conclusions: Treatment abandonment and relapse decreased, and
EFS increased significantly. However, strategies to improve early
diagnosis and supportive care are needed to reduce induction mortality.
In addition, enhanced parental education and continuous counseling are
required to minimize treatment abandonment further.
Pharmacovigilance Systems and Strategies: Importance of Post-Marketing Surveillance for Ensuring Drug Safety and Patient Health in Europe, United States, and India
Authors: SHETTY AMITHA , DUBEY AKHILESH , MATCHESWALA ALAFIYA , BANGERA SHILPA
Published: February 2023

After a drug is granted a marketing license, its post-marketing
surveillance is evaluated to ensure that it is continuously monitored
for undesirable effects. This monitoring is achieved through an
effective Pharmacovigilance system. In our review, we discuss the
Pharmacovigilance systems of Europe, the United States, and India, along
with several examples of effective Pharmacovigilance strategies, such as
the Tracleer® Access Programme and Tracleer® Excellence programs for
Bosentan, Merck’s Worldwide Adverse Experience System, the European and
United States Varicella Zoster Virus Identification Programs for
Varivax, the Siddha Initiative for Documentation of Drug Adverse
Reaction, an android mobile app for AYUSH Pharmacovigilance, and the
Global Pharmacovigilance Database by Sanofi Pasteur. This report
demonstrates the importance of post-marketing surveillance in detecting
rare adverse experiences that may go unnoticed during clinical trials.
It also emphasizes the significance of highlighting the field of
Pharmacovigilance to improve patient safety and offer them the best
possible quality of life.
Dynamic Modelling of Hydraulic Cycle System
Authors: Ocak Selin
Published: February 2023

The hydrological cycle, also known as the water cycle, is a critical
component of the Earth’s ecosystem, regulating the planet’s temperature
and providing water for plants and animals to survive. However, human
activities such as excessive water usage can disrupt this cycle. In this
article we investigated the key variables and feedback loops that
comprise the hydrological cycle system and developed a dynamic model
using system dynamics method. By developing this dynamic model, this
article aims to provide a deeper understanding of the underlying
mechanisms driving changes in the hydrological cycle and how they are
interconnected. This knowledge can aid in the sustainable use and
protection of water resources.
Determination of rosmarinic acid and its N-substituted analog A1 in rat plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and its application in pharmacokinetics
Authors: Fu Shujie , Zhang Qinglang , Zhang Shiyu , Jiang Weizhe , Jiang Minjie
Published: February 2023

The researcher will introduce the way of effective liquid chromatography
tandem mass spectrometric method (HPLC-MS) which is quick, sensitive,
and alternative to determine the (E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)
-2-(3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)acrylamido)propanoic acid (A1) and rosmarinic
acid (RA) of the plasma in rats. The analyses were divided into a C18
column (1.9 μm, 2.1 mm × 100 mm) with a security guard C18 column (5 μm,
2.1 mm × 10 mm) and a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry with an
electrospray ionization (ESI) ion-source generates ions. With
Pseudoephedrine hydrochloride being a standard, the sample pretreatment
is relevant to the one-step protein precipitation with isopropanol:
ethyl acetate (v/v, 20:80). This method presented a linear relationship
within ranges of the concentration of 5–750 ng/ml for RA and A1.
Relative standard deviations (RSD) in daily courses stood less than 15%
and the relative errors (RE) registered within 15%. The means adopted
in this research makes the RA’s and A1’s unambiguous quantification and
identification and in vivo possible. And this study can be the first one
to focus on determining the A1 and RA of rat plasma with administration
orally. The results served as a significant basis to evaluate the
medicine’s applications in the clinic.
The influence of social comparison on self-deception and its neural mechanism
Authors: Yang Ying , Zhang Wenjie , Fan Wei , Zhong Yi-Ping
Published: February 2023

When people feel that they are inferior to others or lack money and
resources, there is an unconscious self-preservation. Self-protection
theory suggests that the greater the threat, the more likely people are
to protect themselves through self-deception. Event-related potentials
were used to explore the influence of social comparison on
self-deception and its internal psychological mechanism. In experiment
1, the social comparison situation was induced by the hierarchical order
paradigm. The forward-looking paradigm was used to measure the
occurrence of self-deception. The results indicated that the upward
comparison group was more prone to self-deception than the control
group. In Experiment 2, the social comparison task was changed to“Raven
intelligence test”. The results reveal that the large gap conditions
had higher predicted scores than small gap conditions under upward
conditions. In experiment 3, participants’ behavioral data were
collected while the event-related potential data was collected. The
results showed that the large gap group induced smaller N2 and N400
amplitudes and larger P300 amplitudes. The large gap group induced a
larger LPP component in the upward comparison situation. These results
suggest that individuals in the upward comparison group were found to be
more prone to self-deception. Large gap conditions can increase the
self-deception of individuals with upward comparisons. The addition of
authority would change the influence of social comparison on
self-deception. This study will provide direct evidence for the
influence of social comparison on self-deception and its neural
mechanism, and enrich the relevant research results.
Facial emotion recognition with a reduced feature set for video game and metaverse avatars
Authors: Bellenger Darren , Chen Minsi , Xu Zhijie
Published: February 2023

This paper presents a novel real-time facial feature extraction
algorithm, producing a small feature set, suitable for implementing
emotion recognition with online game and metaverse avatars. The
algorithm aims to reduce data transmission and storage requirements,
hurdles in the adoption of emotion recognition in these mediums. The
early results presented show a facial emotion recognition accuracy of up
to 92% on one benchmark dataset, with an overall accuracy of 77.2%
across a wide range of datasets, demonstrating the early promise of the
research.