bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
When will the «Battle for the Dnipro» end in	public consciousness:	a discussion around the re-exposition of diorama and the	hall	of the history of the World	War	II in	the Dmytro Yavornitskiy Dnipropetrovsk National Historical Museum
Authors: Lavrenko V.S. , Pischanska Yu.	V.
Published: July 2024

The article highlights the key issues of the social debate that broke out in the city of Dnipro in 2017‒2022 as part of the modernization of the «Battle for the Dnipro» diorama and the re-exposition of the hall of the history of the WWII in Dmytro Yavornitskiy Dnipropetrovsk National Historical Museum. The need for re-exposition was caused by the technical condition of the existing museum space and the challenges of de- Sovietization and decolonization. Despite the obvious need for periodic renewal of the museum space, a large part of the city’s public took a confrontational approach to the museum. This social confrontation was caused by nostalgia for the Soviet Union, the mass perception of the museum as an unchanging space, the desire of individual citizens to see the stories of their ancestors in the exposition, that is, a kind of «appropriation of memories». The war for the heroes and symbols of the new exhibition and for the dead lines of implementation of this museum project, which is taking place in the public consciousness of our time, seems to metaphorically continue the «Battle for the Dnipro» of 1943. Currently, due to the Russian full-scale invasion of Ukraine, active repair work in the museum has stopped. Despite the social pressure, the group working on the re-exposition, nevertheless, continues to stand on the positions of anthropocentrism, the importance to highlight uncomfortable issues and fill the "blind spots" of history with museum methods. The «Battle for the Dnipro» diorama, the World War II History Hall, and the Museum of the Modern Russian- Ukrainian War, combined in space, will become a complete complex of the military history of the region.
Transfronterizo Teachers of English in the Borderlands: Creating a Mundo Zurdo
Authors: Frausto-Hernandez Isaac
Published: July 2024

Cross-border migration is increasing in a globalized world. On the physical borderlands, migration across and between borders occurs on a habitual basis. This qualitative study employs semi-structured interviews to explore how three transfronterizo teachers along the U.S.-Mexico borderlands draw on their backgrounds and lived experiences as they go about in their English teaching practices. Findings suggest that the diverse lived experiences of the three teachers allow them to develop a particular knowledge, consciousness, and agency in creating a third space, or a mundo zurdo, in which they advocate for their transfronterizo students.
La nacionalización de la enseñanza primaria en Limón, Costa Rica, como política en educación para nacionalizar a la población afrocaribeña (1915-1950)
Authors: Hurtado Madrigal Roberth Miguel
Published: July 2024

La presente investigación ahonda en las percepciones sociales manifestadas por diferentes actores sobre la problematización ideológica y política en torno a las escuelas particulares (afrocaribeñas, escuelas de inglés, English schools o escuelas privadas) de la provincia Limón, Costa Rica, durante 1915-1950. En primer lugar, se explica cómo los elementos de la identidad nacional costarricense (el idioma, la cultura, la historia, etc.) en la pedagogía y currículo de estos centros educativos fueron objeto de preocupación para la nacionalización de los niños afrocaribeños como costarricenses. En segundo lugar, se explica la respuesta institucional impulsada por el Estado en diferentes contextos para la nacionalización de la enseñanza y su relación con los actores socio-educativos locales, como parte del proyecto nacionalizador de la población afrocaribeña a través de la instrucción. Por último, se explica brevemente la contradicción del discurso nacionalizador que pretendía incorporar a esta población como costarricenses y adoptar la identidad nacional mediante la instrucción pública, al mismo tiempo que desde el Estado se deniegan derechos a esta población.
Perinatal outcomes in newborns of mothers with gestational diabetes – a retrospective analysis
Authors: Karcz Karolina , Królak-Olejnik Barbara
Published: July 2024

Introduction and objective: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), in case of inadequate glycaemic control, is associated with an increased risk of maternal and neonatal complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate data concerning outcomes of neonates born to mothers with GDM, treated with only diet (GDM G1) compared to diet and insulin therapy (GDM G2). Special consideration was given to data concerning outcomes of neonates born after the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in 2020. Materials and methods: Medical records were analysed. The data comprised records of newborns born at term or near term in the years 2017–2021. The statistical analysis was performed, with the significance level set at α = 0.05. Results: A total of 646 medical records were analysed. The study groups differed significantly (p < 0.05) in the length of hospitalisation, incidence of cardiological abnormalities, and method of feeding during hospitalisation. There were no differences (p > 0.05) between the groups in the results concerning neonatal anthropometric measurements, general condition after birth, or other perinatal outcomes. In 2020, significantly more (p < 0.05) neonates required support in their adaptation period. These neonates were more often (p < 0.05) diagnosed with birth defects and other complications. Conclusions: The level of maternal glycaemic control, appropriate medical care, and thus effectiveness of maternal treatment are important factors influencing neonatal outcomes and breastfeeding rates.
Psychedelic trip sitting, dosages and intensities: Supplementing clinical studies with anecdotal reports
Authors: Engel Liam B. , Thal Sascha , Bright Stephen J. , Low Mitchell
Published: July 2024

Background and aims

Online communities provide insights into psychedelic consumption, assisting in identification of trends, informing both harm reduction provisions and clinical research. This study extracts forum data on psychedelic substances, dosages, and administration routes, categorising and analysing self-reported consumption to inform care services and guide clinical work with psychedelics.

Methods

Posts (n = 660) from online psychedelic forums (The Shroomery and DMT Nexus) on 'trip sitting' were analysed. Using a Delphi-style expert panel review facilitated by LE, we created drug weight and intensity charts (threshold, light, common, strong and heavy dosages) for psychedelics discussed in these posts. The psychedelic substance, dosage intensity and route of administration [ROA] (smoked/vaporised, oral, injected, insufflated and undisclosed) frequencies and exploring correlations with perceived need for assistance from a psychedelic carer were mapped and correlated with perceived need for psychedelic care.

Results

Psychedelics appearing in our data were 5-MeO-DMT, ayahuasca, changa, LSA, LSD and psilocybin. There was greater commonality between clinical studies and 'common' doses determined through the Delphi method, for more extensively researched substances like LSD and psilocybin. Many posts indicated opinions that psychedelic care was unnecessary or optional for consumers, particularly for LSD and LSA. 5-MeO-DMT was strongly associated with a perceived need for care. A correlation was identified between greater psychedelic purity, dosage intensity, and a perceived need for care. Oral administration, the most common ROA, showed lower dosage intensity.

Conclusion

More research is needed to understand factors influencing psychedelic care practices. Educational information, emphasizing risk management strategies, should be provided to psychedelic consumers, emphasising psychedelic products and administration methods more likely to be dosed at a strong or heavy intensity.
Asian Citrus
Authors: Iddison Phil
Published: July 2024

The author recounts years spent working and travelling in Arabia and Asia where he found and used some unusual members of the genus Citrus and discusses their taxonomy, which is very complex due to the capability of the various species to cross-fertilize and the long history of human intervention. He uses various specimens to make marmalade.
Food History on a Postcard
Authors: Cleave Paul
Published: July 2024

Today, vintage postcards are widely collected and are an important resource for social historians. As well as the countless topographical and humorous postcards associated with holidays, there were cards depicting regional foods, the sorts of delicacy presented to visitors and the tourist. In the south-west of England, particularly Devon and Cornwall, it is the cards created by the independent local photographers which capture authentic dishes and local culinary specialities.
Maurice French: The Lamington Enigma: A survey of the evidence
Authors: Dalby Andrew
Published: July 2024

Maurice French: The Lamington Enigma: A survey of the evidence: Tabletop Publishing, 2013: 280 pp., AUD$39.95 (UK readers can buy directly from Professor French at a discount price of AUD$30 plus surface mail of AUD$20 from Tabletop Publishing, 60 Phillip Street, Toowoomba, Queensland 4350, e-mail ).
Rachel Laudan: Cuisine and Empire: Cooking in World History
Authors: Dalby Andrew
Published: July 2024

Rachel Laudan: Cuisine and Empire: Cooking in World History: University of California Press, November 2013, £27.95
Mark Hix: The Collection
Authors: Clark Letitia
Published: July 2024

Mark Hix: The Collection: Quadrille, 2013: 320 pp., hardback, £25.00.
Corby Kummer: The Pleasures of Slow Food
Authors: Jaine Tom
Published: July 2024

Corby Kummer: The Pleasures of Slow Food: Chronicle Books, 2002: ISBN 0811833798: 176 pp., colour photos by Susie Cushner, h/b, $40.00.
A REVIEW ON THERMO-FLUIDIC STUDY OF DROPLET IMPACT IN SPRAY COOLING
Authors: Gao Xuan , Li Yuhang , Xia Yakang , Li Haiwang
Published: July 2024

Spray cooling exhibits outstanding cooling performances compared to other liquid cooling techniques, which offers robust thermal management for numerous applications facing high heat flux challenges. In spray cooling, coolant droplets generated from a spray nozzle continuously impinge onto a hot surface at high flow rates. The interaction between the droplets and the surface - whether they land on a pre-existing liquid film or directly on the heated area - depends on the fluid saturation temperature and the surface temperature. Understanding the dynamics and heat transfer during droplet impact is crucial for advancing spray cooling research. The present work summarizes the recent advancements in the study of droplet impact dynamics and heat transfer in spray cooling from two aspects. The first aspect is about the statistical analyses of droplet behaviors and liquid film conditions in spray cooling, examining their influence on cooling efficiency. The second one is regarding the droplet-surface interactions in spray cooling, ranging from single droplet to spray by increasing the complexity of droplet condition and surface condition. It includes the single droplet impacting a dry heated surface, multiple droplets impacting a dry heated surface, and droplets impacting the heated flowing film.
THE INFLUENCE OF ETCHING IN A GLOW DISCHARGE PLASMA ON THE PROPERTIES OF WEAR-RESISTANT COATINGS FOR METAL-CUTTING TOOLS
Authors: Vereschaka Alexey A. , Bublikov Jury , Sotova Catherine , Shmakov Ilya
Published: July 2024

The properties of three Ti-TiN-(Ti,Cr,Al)N coatings, which have identical thickness and elemental composition, but a different scheme of ion etching by glow discharge plasma during the deposition process, were compared. Various etching times of the substrate before coating deposition were considered, as well as the use of additional etching during the deposition process and after coating deposition. It was found that additional etching in a glow discharge plasma during the deposition process and after
completion of coating deposition increased the hardness by 100-300 HV units. Increasing the time of preliminary etching of the substrate surface before coating deposition from 5 to 10 minutes allows significant increase of the resistance to destruction during the scratch test (from 22 N to 38-40 N). Additional etching by glow discharge plasma during the deposition process and after coating deposition can increase the tool life by 30%. The coating deposited after pre-etching the substrate for 5 minutes, without additional etching operations, exhibits a brittle nature of failure combined with partial delamination from the substrate, while coatings pre-etched for 10 minutes maintain a strong adhesive bond to the substrate. Additional etching during the coating deposition process creates an interface that slows down the overall degradation of the coating during the cutting process, thus increasing the
overall wear resistance of the tool.
Novel experimental method for rate-independent triaxial tests under partial drainage condition
Authors: Zürn J. , Mugele L. , Stutz H. H.
Published: July 2024

A novel and yet simple technique for partially drained triaxial tests while preserving the assumptions of an element test is presented. The approach is based on the defined adjustment of the bulk modulus of a fluid system consisting of water and gas. Monotonic triaxial compression tests on Karlsruhe fine sand with different initial densities, sample preparation methods, loading rates and sample dimensions demonstrate the feasibility of the novel method. A drainage factor Df is introduced, which describes the current state of the drainage possibility. This drainage factor is subjected to changes during the experiment.
Durability properties of slag–waste glass binary geopolymer
Authors: Varma Datla Neeraj , Singh Suresh Prasad
Published: July 2024

The durability properties of geopolymer mortars prepared using different contents of slag and glass powder (GP) were examined and compared with the properties of Portland cement mortar (PCM). The slag–GP mixes were activated with a 6 M sodium hydroxide solution at a liquid-to-solid ratio of 0.35. The performance of 28-day cured specimens after high-temperature exposure, wetting–drying and freezing–thawing cycles, water slaking, surface abrasion and alkali–silica reaction (ASR) were examined. Scanning electron microscopy was carried out to identify the microstructural changes in the materials. The results showed that an appropriate GP content (10%) enhanced the performance of the slag–GP binary geopolymer and improved its durability. However, ASR expansion was found to increase marginally. The geopolymer specimens achieved higher strength and durability than PCM due to their dense and compact microstructure with significant gel formation.
META EĞİTİM EKOSİSTEMİ MODELİ: ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN UYGULAMAYA YÖNELİK ALGILARI
Authors: Egeli Çankaya Güzide Zeynep , Aktaş Erdem , Kurgun Avşar
Published: July 2024

Dijital dönüşümün küresel etkisi birçok alanda büyük değişimler yaratmaktadır. 2021 yılında bu etkinin yepyeni bir deneyime dönüştüğü Metaverse ise değişimin hızını daha da arttırmaktadır. Metaverse kullanıcıların dünyayı algılama, yaşama ve değerlendirme biçimini değiştirmektedir. Bu değişim üniversiteleri de etkilemekte ve gelecekte tamamen farklılaştırma potansiyeline sahip görünmektedir. Metaverse zaman ve mekân sınırlarını ortadan kaldırmanın çok ötesinde üniversite eğitim kalitesi için çok değerli olan eğitim içeriği ve eğitim ortamının meta varlıklarla yapılandırılmasında sınırsız olanaklar sunmaktadır. Çalışma, üniversitelerin Metaversity olma sürecinde yapılandırmaları gereken meta eğitim ekosistemi için üniversite öğrencilerinin algılarını ölçmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Buna yönelik olarak üniversite öğrencilerini iki gruba ayırarak toplamda 16 katılımcıyla odak grup görüşmeleri yapılarak içerik analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Aynı zamanda alanyazın taraması sonucu elde edilen bilgilerden hareketle ortaya konan meta eğitim ekosistem modelinin avantaj ve dezavantajları incelenerek girdi ve çıktılarının araştırma bulgularıyla keşfedilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda metaverse hakkında bilgisi olan ve olmayan öğrencilerin algıları arasında farklılıklar tespit edilmiştir. Aynı zamanda modele metaverse geçiş oryantasyonu, dijital kimlikle etkileşim ve sosyalleşme rehberliği, operasyonel staj simülasyonu, küresel meta etkileşim ve geçmişten geleceğe meta tanıtım unsurları eklenmiştir. Temel olarak meta varlıklar, sürükleyici teknolojiler, gerçeklik türleri, ağ kalitesi ve sanal deneyim tasarımı gibi öğelerle zenginleştirilecek Metaversity öğrenme ortamı, sanal sınıflar ve sanal kütüphane gibi dijital deneyimlerle yüksek kalitede meta eğitim sunabilecek biçimde yapılandırılabilecektir.
Líneas metodológicas para la formación de profesores de lenguas extranjeras
Authors: Higueras García Marta
Published: July 2024

The training of teachers of foreign languages needs to respond to the complexity of the profession. To be a good professional in this field, trainees need knowledge about language, didactics, language acquisition, techniques to teach different linguistic contents, etc. In addition, a series of didactic, communicative and intercultural skills are required. These can only be improved through constant practice. Consequently, «what» to include in teacher training courses and «how» to address training activities is not easy to know. This article will explain some methodological lines that guarantee quality in training within our approach: what to teach and how to do it, taking into account the role of teachers in their teaching activity, and as members of the educational centre and professional community. It will explain in detail how the workshop that took place in the first EnELE Congress (Rovira i Virgili University) was designed, developed and assessed. Finally, this article will comment on training activities held in Instituto Cervantes (IC).
Syllable, accent, rhythm: typological and methodological considerations for teaching Spanish as a foreign language
Authors: Lahoz José María
Published: July 2024

Rhythm is a speech property related to the temporal organization of sounds in terms of grouping. Segmentation units are language-specific and emerge from phonological properties such as syllable structure, phonotactics, and prosodic contrasts at the lexical and postlexical level.Rhythmic differences across languages pose problems for second language acquisition, given the intricate combination of acoustic cues, the perceptual difficulties caused by phonological deafness, and the interferences with the organization of segmental contrasts and with lexical access.This paper provides a typological comparison that includes descriptions of the attested rhythm classes (syllable-timed, stress-timed, and mora-timed), as well as of word prosody systems (tone, pitch-accent, and stress languages). This analysis yields predictions regarding typical errors for learners of Spanish from different linguistic backgrounds.Additionally, Spanish syllable structure and stress system are described and some strategies are suggested to practice these in class.
Editorial
Authors: Editorial Consejo
Published: July 2024

The first issue of the International Journal of Foreign Languages (RILE) contains studies in the field of Spanish as a Foreign Language. They all focus on the state-of-the-art of the issues dealt with and discuss the approaches adopted.
Diseño de certificación lingüística comunicativa: ¿cómo evaluar la expresión e interacción escritas y orales?
Authors: Baralo Marta
Published: July 2024

It is a real challenge for specialists in applied linguistics to measure and evaluate activities of language expression and interaction, no matter whether an oral or written channel is used for this purpose. In any case, the evaluation mainly depends on the evaluator’s subjective appreciation, his/ her beliefs and attitudes. In order to achieve a valid, reliable and authentic evaluation test, its design is required to be subject to a set of quality parameters, established by specialized institutions and agencies. Furthermore, its application needs to count on a group of trained evaluators that may guarantee agreement in the valuation of the candidate’s communicative and linguistic performance. This paper presents the research experience carried out within the framework of the design and implementation of the Diploma LETRA (Lengua Española para Trabajadores inmigrantes) in the Community of Madrid.
La integración de las TIC en la clase de ELE. Panorama de una (r)evolución
Authors: Hernández Mercedes María del Pilar
Published: July 2024

This paper has a double purpose and meets the following guidelines. First, to check the status of the issue of integration of ICT in the Spanish as a foreign language classroom. Second, to indicate the most significant lines which will shape in the near future the teaching / learning Spanish as a foreign language or L2 in the ICT from the perspectives of the students, the researchers and teachers.
Recursos lexicográficos electrónicos multilingües y plurilingües: definición y clasificación tipológico-descriptiva
Authors: Domínguez Vázquez María José
Published: July 2024

The aim of this paper is to provide a classification of multilingual and plurilingual electronic lexicographic resources which would enable, one the one hand, the implementation of quantitative and qualitative criteria to produce a typological taxonomy of lexicographical tools, such as dictionaries, as opposed to platforms and websites and, on the other, the distinction of multilingual and plurilingual resources in terms of their larger or lesser prototyping degree. In addition to offering a thorough description of the different resources, this paper also puts forward some parameters and typological proposals to define and demarcate a number of electronic resources, particularly multilingual dictionaries and portals, while also outlining – and even questioning – the object of study of multilingual and plurilingual lexicography.
Tecnología con fines lexicográficos: Su aplicación en los Diccionarios Valladolid-UVa
Authors: Fuertes-Olivera Pedro A. , Niño Amo Marta , Sastre Ruano Ángeles
Published: July 2024

The Diccionarios Valladolid-UVa is an integrated dictionary portal which is being built at the University of Valladolid within the framework of a collaborative Project between the Danish company Ordbogen A/S and the International Centre for Lexicography of the Spanish University. Such a project is based on the tenets of the Function Theory of Lexicography and assumes that lexicographic data have economic value. This value can be maximized providing the following assumptions: (a) a dictionary is an information tool; (b) making dictionaries imply the analysis of their costs and benefits; (c) the lexicographic day-to-day work demands the use of adequate methodologies with the aim of preparing high-quality lexicographic data used for meeting users’ punctual needs in different situations and through different possibilities; and (d) technologies can and should be used for putting into practice the lexicographic concept previously designed and for improving lexicographic productivity, i.e. the ability of lexicographers for making every dictionary article in a very secure, easy and fast way. This article explains the working of several technologies with lexicographic applications and shows how they are being used in the design and construction of the Diccionarios Valladolid-UVa.
¡Mira quién calla! La didáctica del silencio en el aula de ELE
Authors: Méndez Guerrero Beatriz
Published: July 2024

For some time, the teaching of foreign languages gives great weight to the acquisition of communicative competence and the teaching and learning of the sociocultural aspects of the language to be learned. Although curriculum plans and classroom programs give much importance to the prototypical communicative functions of language, scientific and educational community does not recognize the need to include nonverbal aspects of communication in teaching Spanish as a foreign language (ELE). As a result, the treatment of nonverbal communication (NVC) in the classroom of Spanish is very limited and fragmentary. This is seen more in the almost non-existent treatment of some non-verbal signs as silence. The objectives of this work are to reflect on (1) the communicative functions of silence in the Spanish culture, (2) the process has received non-verbal communication in the curriculum programs (MCER and PCIC), and (3) the possibility include silence in the classroom of Spanish as a foreign language by level and integrated way. After clarified these issues, we present a didactic unit to work silence in the initial levels of ELE. After clarified these issues, we present a didactic unit to work silence in the initial levels of ELE. All this is presented from an empirical study of several conversations corpus Val.Es.Co. (2002), which suggests that silence is a cultural element and sometimes ambiguous that should be addressed in linguistic research and teaching included in ELE.
Català malparlat. Algunes propostes per a la didàctica de les desqualificacions personals a l’aula de CLE
Authors: Fumadó Abad Maria dels Àngels
Published: July 2024

This article aims to reflect on the learning of swear words and insults in the Catalan classroom. Despite the large number of reflections published on the knowledge and use of swear words by native Catalan speakers, there is practically no materials for teachers to use in the classroom.The lexicon of personal insults contains special features, which will be examined in the first part of the article. For example, it is not only necessary to learn the meaning of the word, but also necessary to use it in the right context at the right time.The second part of the article proposes to partially fill the educational vacuum by offering different activities designed to familiarize B2 level students with the lexicon of swear words in Catalan.
Speech and Gesture in Classroom Interaction: A Case Study of Angola and Portugal
Authors: Livingstone Kerwin A.
Published: July 2024

One of the principal reasons why human beings use language is to communicate. When they speak, however, they do not do so mechanically or robotically. There is usually a synergy between the speech act and certain parts of the body. As spoken utterances are produced, these body parts move, producing body actions that are visible, known as ‘visible bodily actions’. These visible bodily actions are done, using different body parts. The movement of the upper limbs are known as ‘gestures’. These gestures are more directly linked to speech. Regardless of their age, nationality, culture, background, or ethnicity, human beings gesture naturally and pervasively when they speak. These movements reveal quite a lot about their thoughts, objectives, beliefs, and interests, among others. In light of the afore-mentioned, this research seeks to compare descriptively speech and gesture in two different contexts with two different didactic methods (Angola and Portugal). Video footages of the interactional contexts - with teenage children and teachers - are reviewed and a general comparative descriptive analysis is realised. Using the ELAN Software, a 30 second microanalysis is done for each of the interactional contexts. Concluding remarks are presented, based on the study conducted.
Variables que influyen sobre el aprendizaje del inglés como segunda lengua
Authors: Santana Villegas Josefina del Carmen , García-Santillán Arturo , Escalera-Chávez Milka Elena
Published: July 2024

Learning English is becoming increasingly important around the world. However, the gap in the quality of language studies between different types of institutions is also growing. Thus, this study aims to explore the variables which may lead to better learning of the English language. The study is quantitative; the sample is 897 students entering a private university. A Multiple Linear Regression and an ANOVA were applied. The results show that the variables: hours of instruction, type of school, and frequency of reading in the second language impact on a greater score in an English language placement test. A significant difference was observed among variables which measure students’ perception of their language abilities and the test score.
La comprensión lectora en ELE. Análisis de manuales de B1 con base en su tipología textual
Authors: Núñez Delgado M.ª Pilar , Rodríguez Guerrero Belinda
Published: July 2024

If reading comprehension is one of the essential pillars for learning a language, the text becomes its essential vehicle. In addition, even though new technologies are having a bigger presence in the classroom, the reality is that, nowadays, the manual keeps on being an essential element for the work developed in a language classroom. For that reason, an studio and exploratory-quantitative-statistical analysis has been done, regarding the different textual typologies which appear in four out of the manuals of greatest diffusion concerning Teaching Spanish for foreigners, concretely in B1 level: Meta ELE. Curso de español de supervivencia B1.1 (Edelsa, 2012), Nuevo español en marcha 3 (SGEL, 2014), Nuevo sueña 2 (Grupo Anaya, 2015) y Nuevo Prisma (Edinumen, 2015). With this analysis new data regarding percentages have been obtained, frequencies and diversities of textual typologies which appear in them. In this way and after the interpretation of the obtained results, it has been proved whether these ones are adapted or not to the curricular plan stablished by the CEFR or if a textual diversity really exists by which the student can face to all type of texts in its learning, working in this way the reading comprehension in a complete and global way, from the different structures and resources which every typology offers.
Presentación
Authors: Nomdedeu Rull Antoni
Published: July 2024

El número 7 de la Revista Internacional de Lenguas Extranjeras (RILE) presenta cuatro estudios centrados en diferentes ámbitos de la enseñanza y aprendizaje de lenguas, trabajos en los que, como se indica a continuación de manera resumida, se abordan cuestiones de muy diferente índole: la comprensión lectora, el desarrollo de las competencias lexicográficas, la información cultural en los diccionarios ELE y los efectos del contexto educativo en el desarrollo del uso del sujeto pronominal. Más concretamente, se tratan los temas siguientes por este orden (según el orden alfabético de sus autores).
Presentación
Authors: Nomdedeu Rull Antoni
Published: July 2024

The ninth volume of the International Journal of Foreign Languages (RILE) presents five studies focused on different areas of teaching and learning languages, works in which, as summarized below, different types of issues are analyzed: Pedagogical versus Linguistic Rules in L2 Spanish Mood Selection in the Morphology-Semantics Interface; Management of group dynamics in teaching adults in formal instruction contexts: one more piece of the complex learning phenomenon; Informal Education in Learning Spanish among South Korean University Students; Reflections about the Practices in Teaching Writing in Course of Spanish as a Heritage Language.
The Ethical Dilemma of Educational Metaverse
Authors: Mousa Al-kfairy , Omar Alfandi
Published: July 2024

This review investigates the ethical issues of integrating Metaverse technology in educational settings. Our study reveals significant ethical considerations, including privacy concerns, data security risks, and the widening digital divide. We identified critical challenges such as user safety, intellectual property rights, and the ethical use of artificial intelligence. To address these challenges, we propose robust solutions including enhanced privacy protections, initiatives to bridge the digital divide, and frameworks to ensure safe and inclusive environments. Additionally, we underscore the necessity of developing new pedagogical frameworks and management models to effectively incorporate Metaverse technologies. Our findings suggest that while the Metaverse offers immense potential for revolutionizing education, maintaining ethical standards and thoughtfully mitigating potential risks is crucial. By implementing the proposed solutions, educational institutions can harness the full potential of Metaverse technology while safeguarding the interests of all stakeholders.
Simple and fast technique for separating human mononuclear cells from small amounts of blood and buffy coat with high cell yield v1
Authors: Bhatia Sudhir , Baersch Gudrun
Published: July 2024

We are again describing a rare and very simple protocol here: The applications for human mononuclear cells (MNCs) are increasing, as these cells can be used for various tests, cell therapies and the development of human therapeutic antibodies. Density gradient isolation is still used today to separate MNCs. Diluted blood or buffy coat is added to the density gradient liquid, which is then centrifuged to obtain the different fractions. The white layer contains the MNCs, which are carefully pipetted out and washed to obtain the cells. The disadvantage of this laborious procedure is that blood and density gradient fluid may mix, which can lead to wastage of the valuable blood sample. We have developed a simple procedure in which the user waits a few minutes after mixing the blood sample in the Quick MNC isolator in a tube. The sample is then washed two or three times with PBS and centrifuged to obtain a pellet. Although small amounts of red blood cells occasionally remain in the pellet, they have no effect on the cells in the assay, e.g. when separating with magnetic beads, or on further experiments with isolated MNC cells. A high cell yield can be achieved with a single milliliter of blood or buffy coat. This MNC isolator method is an extremely fast, simple and effective method. Even very small amounts of buffy coat or blood, e.g. 100µl, can be used to isolate MNC. There is no documented case study in the literature using the density gradient method to separate MNC from such small amounts of blood or buffy coat. Our method is only option for small volumes. If the user cultivates the MNC in media with fetal calf serum (FCS), it is sufficient to use 2-3% FCS instead of the usual 10% FCS. This helps to reduce the financial burden on laboratories. Please read our publication in the reference section. Using this protocol, we have developed many cell cultures with MNC over the last 14 years.
BAF_S04_LABCONCO freeze dryer v1
Authors: Sherman Nicholas
Published: July 2024

General operation of the Lyophilizer unit.
Plant Sample Preparation for ICP-AES Analysis of Salt-Stressed Plants v1
Authors: Rahmati Ishka Maryam
Published: July 2024

This procedure outlines the preparation of plant samples exposed to salt stress. For plants grown under treatments other than salt, a special buffer is needed to remove surface chemicals during the washing step. This protocol is specifically for samples grown under salt stress, as salt can be easily removed with water.
BAF_S03_Shimadzu MALDI 8030 v1
Authors: Sherman Nicholas
Published: July 2024

General process for operation and data acquisition for the open access MALDI-TOF.
Agrobacterium-Mediated Transient Expression in Nicotiana benthamiana Leaves v1
Authors: Rahmati Ishka Maryam
Published: July 2024

This procedure outlines the Agrobacterium infiltration of tobacco leaves for the transient expression of fluorescently labeled proteins.
Pola Komunikasi: Apakah Berpengaruh Terhadap Tipe Kepribadian di Kalangan Masyarakat
Authors: Bumi Arrabbani Restu , Putri Azalia , Insyiah Irna Nazibah , Lutfiani Nurfalah , Juwita Nurhaida Juni
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini fokus pada perbedaan sifat dan karakteristikindividu yang berkomunikasi melalui media sosial, terutamadalam konteks kepribadian introvert dan ekstrovert. Denganpenggunaan media sosial yang meluas, pemahaman terhadapkarakteristik individu menjadi penting untuk menjalinhubungan harmonis. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasiperbedaan sifat dan karakter seseorang saat berinteraksi secaralangsung dan melalui media sosial. Pendekatan deskriptifkualitatif digunakan dengan wawancara online melaluiWhatsApp. Hasilnya diharapkan memberikan wawasan tentangpengaruh kepribadian individu di kehidupan nyata terhadapperilaku mereka di media sosial. Pengetahuan ini dapat menjadidasar untuk membangun pengertian dan hubungan yang lebihbaik antar-individu dengan kepribadian yang berbeda, mendukung kehidupan yang harmonis di era media sosial.
Analisis Toxic Parenting terhadap Tingkat Kestabilan Mental Anak Masa Kini
Authors: Izzatiya Kayla Zahra , Anggaeni Clarissa Frizka , Amali Shakira Bilqis , Azizah Dien , Zulkarnain Leonardo Iskandar
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi dampak broken home dan toxic parenting pada perkembangan anak-anak melalui pendekatan kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam. Broken home mencakup ketidakharmonisan keluarga akibat konflik, sementara toxic parenting melibatkan pola pengasuhan tidak sehat. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa anak-anak dari latar belakang ini cenderung mengalami gangguan kepercayaan diri, kesulitan pengambilan keputusan, perasaan bersalah, dan masalah kesehatan mental. Penelitian ini menekankan perlunya kesadaran terhadap pola pengasuhan sehat dan peran orang tua dalam perkembangan anak-anak. Saran termasuk edukasi orang tua, layanan konseling, dan pendidikan pengasuhan. Langkah-langkah ini diharapkan dapat mencegah pengalaman toxic parenting dan memberikan dukungan bagi anak-anak yang terpengaruh secara psikologis.
Investigación cualitativa al estudio del intento de suicidio en jóvenes de Tabasco
Authors: Martínez G Ángela B. , Guinsberg B Enrique
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: en este artículo se pretende dar cuenta de los avances de investigación en el marco de una tesis doctoral sobre el intento de suicidio en jóvenes y sus significados. Metodología: estudio cualitativo que muestra algunos ejes teóricos que le dan sustento a aquella problemática central que es, cuestionar cómo el pensamiento médico hegemónico ha influido en la producción del conocimiento científico sobre el suicidio. Se llevaron a cabo seis entrevistas con jóvenes que aceptaron compartir su experiencia en el intento de abandonar la vida. Resultados: se plantea la necesidad de construir una mirada que de cuenta del significado de la muerte, del sentido de la vida, y de la forma cómo viven tanto hombres y mujeres, con conductas suicidas. Discusión: se finaliza con la presentación del desarrollo que ha tenido esta investigación respecto al análisis de las entrevistas que le dan origen.
A propósito de la Ley 1122 del 2007. Reforma del Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Salud en Colombia: esperanza, mito y realidad
Authors: Restrepo Román
Published: July 2024

Se presenta un análisis de los aspectos más relevantes, abordados por la Ley 1122 del 2007, que pretendió modificar el sistema de salud colombiano, con el objetivo de aportar al esclarecimiento de los nuevos planteamientos teóricos y los parámetros de acción implícitos en él. Se parte de observar las expectativas de reforma a partir de diferentes estudios y declaraciones de expertos nacionales e internacionales. En los apartados sobre universalidad y salud pública se analizan inicialmente los conceptos introducidos por la Ley —calificados aquí como regresivos— y posteriormente se aborda lo que la mencionada norma establece al respecto, así como sus consecuencias. En el apartado sobre dirección y regulación se presentan diferentes conceptos desde las expectativas y algunas de las primeras reacciones suscitadas. Otros aspectos solo se mencionan, pues no merecen mayor profundización. Finalmente, se concluye que el modelo del sistema no sufre ninguna modificación y que la nueva ley solo consigue hacer ajustes funcionales en temas específicos, mientras que la problemática central continúa intocable. Se logra que todo cambie para que, al final, nada cambie.
globalización en sus dimensiones económica, social y política
Authors: Ocampo José Antonio
Published: July 2024

La necesidad de " conseguir que la mundialización se convierta en una fuerza positiva para todos los habitantes del mundo" -como lo señala la Declaración del Milenio de las Naciones Unidas- es, sin duda, el reto más importante del mundo actual. Aunque la globalización responde a procesos tecnológicos y económicos dinámicos, no cabe duda de que puede ser moldeada. De hecho, la forma que ha ido adoptando ha estado determinada, en gran medida, por decisiones explícitas de política.
Situaciòn de salud en las Amèricas
Authors: Castillo Carlos
Published: July 2024

Nuestro equipo de trabajo es parte de un proceso històrico de la reconstrucciòn de este mosaico de salud pùblica que es las Amèricas. En esta ocasiòn, tratarè de ubicar algunos de los paràmetros cualitativos y cuantitativos de lo que es la situaciòn de salud de las poblaciones de las amèricas. Voy a hacer un enlace de lo que serìan las condiciones en 1980  y la entrada de este siglo hacia el año 2000, viendo las tendencias y las dinàmicas que se han ejercido y que de alguna forma estàn transformando el rol y la situaciòn en la regiòn.
Objetivos del Mileno en salud: ¿avance o retroceso?
Authors: Cardona Àlvaro
Published: July 2024

El reto de abordar el tema de las perspectivas de los Objetivos del Milenio en salud lo entiendo como el ejercicio de hacer representaciones diferentes del marco social, econòmico y polìtico en que se desenvolverà nuestra sociedad, de tal modo que como espectadores distantes en el tiempo podamos insinuar hipòtesis acerca de su cumplimiento. Aunque no se tiene la intenciòn de discutir el concepto de "representaciòn social" ( que constituye  el basamento de una tendencia analìtica en psicologìa social inaugurada por Serge Mocovici), en este escrito circula permanentemente la idea de que los hombres hacemos inteligible la realidad fìsica y social, validos de un sistema de valores, nociones y  pràcticas.
Concepto de soledad y percepción que de su momento actual tiene el adulto mayor en el municipio de Bello, Colombia 2007
Authors: Cardona Jairo L. , Villamil Maria M. , Henao Eucaris , Quintero Angela
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: explorar el concepto de soledad y la percepción del instante que viven los adultos de 55 y más años del municipio de Bello (Antioquia) en el año 2007. Metodología: estudio de corte transversal. Se emplearon dos preguntas abiertas que se codificaron y se cruzaron con variables socio-demográficas. La muestra a conveniencia fue conformada por 180 adultos de ambos sexos, residentes en el municipio de Bello (Antioquia) y que no se encontraran institucionalizados. Resultados: los conceptos de soledad predominantes fueron el “estar solo” (42,7%), “sentirse solo” (23%), seguido de “horrible” (13,5%) y “aislarse” (7,5%), además de otros conceptos (12,5%); se destaca que el concepto de soledad se asocia con el estrato socioeconómico y el grado de escolaridad alcanzado. Conclusiones: Predomina en la población encuestada una concepción más objetiva (estar solo) que subjetiva (sentirse solo) de soledad. La manera como se percibe el momento actual de vida tiene una relación estrecha con el concepto de soledad, quienes perciben aquel de manera positiva eligen preferentemente conceptos de soledad objetivos. Pese a los grandes cambios que experimentan los adultos mayores y las crisis que deben atravesar en este ciclo de vida, en general se percibe que se sienten a gusto con el momento actual de su existencia
Accesibilidad a los servicios de salud de la población reclusa colombiana: un reto para la salud pública
Authors: Hernández P. Jeniffer , Mejía O. Luz Mery
Published: July 2024

El presente artículo es producto de un estudio realizado con el propósito de sistematizar la información disponible relacionada con la accesibilidad a los servicios de salud de la población reclusa en los centros penitenciarios de Colombia. Para ello, se hizo una revisión bibliográfica y recopilación sistemática del material académico disponible en las principales bibliotecas universitarias de la ciudad de Medellín, en bases de datos científicas y en páginas electrónicas de organizaciones nacionales e internacionales que se han ocupado del tema. La información se sistematizó teniendo en cuenta algunos referentes históricos sobre centros penitenciarios y salud, el registro de experiencias en algunos países y la normatividad vigente para la atención en salud de la población reclusa en el caso colombiano. Se concluye que a pesar de que se han realizado avances importantes para garantizar la atención en salud a la población reclusa, en los centros de reclusión aún persisten obstáculos y limitaciones que vulneran el derecho a la salud de esta población. Asimismo, se evidencia que este no ha sido considerado como un problema de salud pública en el país, por lo cual se considera un reto incorporarlo como tal.
estrategia de municipios saludables como política pública, Antioquia, Colombia, 2007
Authors: Chávez Blanca M. , Arbeláez María P.
Published: July 2024

Objetivo: evaluar el proceso de formulación e implementación de la estrategia de municipios saludables como política pública en Antioquia, Colombia, en el periodo 2001-2005. Métodos: la investigación se realizó en dos componentes: uno cualitativo, para el cual se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas y grupos focales con los actores claves departamentales, subregionales y locales comprometidos en el proceso de formulación e implementación de la política; el componente cuantitativo incluyó una encuesta a los responsables institucionales municipales de la política y la  revisión de los planes de desarrollo municipal del periodo 2004-2007. Resultados: la decisión política manifestada por las autoridades departamentales y locales acerca de la política de municipios saludables no fue suficiente para el desarrollo de la misma, la intención gubernamental no tuvo viabilidad en sus diferentes dimensiones y los planes de desarrollo municipal tampoco consideraron la viabilidad y sostenibilidad de la estrategia de municipios saludables como política pública. Conclusiones: el proceso de formulación de la política pública no fue deliberado, argumentado ni negociado; tampoco tuvo en cuenta el contexto político, económico, social ni el desarrollo institucional municipal. La decisión departamental no fue el resultado de un proceso incluyente para asegurar el desarrollo de la política.
Investigación en gestión, políticas y sistemas de salud
Authors: Molina M Gloria
Published: July 2024

La investigación en gestión, sistemas y políticas de salud requiere mayor desarrollo en el ámbito nacional, regional y/o local colombiano, con el objeto de generar conocimiento que sirva de base en la toma de decisiones sobre políticas y estrategias encaminadas a resolver problemas de salud de la población, así como las diferentes formas y mecanismos de provisión de servicios. Este documento revisa las tendencias nacionales e internacionales que, en el contexto de las reformas de salud, han venido siendo impulsadas por diferentes organizaciones, con el fin de fortalecer la investigación sobre las políticas y los sistemas de salud, así como los enfoques metodológicos que ello implicaría. En este contexto se proponen algunas acciones que se deben emprender por parte de los centros de investigación e investigadores interesados del país, con el fin de desarrollar investigación en este campo y proveer conocimientos a quienes deben tomar decisiones en salud en los diferentes niveles de gobierno y en instituciones públicas y privadas.