bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of Phosphorus and Sulphur Levels on Growth Parameters of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
Authors: . Kamal , Dhaka A.K. , Singh Bhagat , Kamboj Ekta , Rana Anjali , . Ravi
Published: July 2024

Background: Groundnut, a well-recognized oilseed crop belonging to the Leguminosae family, faces several challenges in India that results in lesser productivity compared to the global average. The principal underlying cause of India’s diminished groundnut production lies in the irregular and inadequate utilization of essential nutrients. Given its status as a leguminous oilseed crop, it exhibits a heightened demand for phosphorus, calcium and sulphur, which often remains unmet, further exacerbating the problem. Methods: In a field experiment, split-plot design was employed to investigate the impact of four phosphorus levels (Control, 40, 50 and 60 kg P2O5 ha-1) and four sulphur levels (Control, 25, 50 and 75 kg S ha-1) on the growth parameters of groundnut. Results: The findings demonstrate that the utilization of phosphorus and sulphur fertilizers yielded significant improvements in various aspects of groundnut growth parameters. These improvements encompassed increased plant height, root length, improved root-to-shoot ratio on a length and weight basis, greater numbers of root nodules per plant and dry weight of root nodules per plant.
Real Time Nitrogen Management of Maize using CCM 200 Plus During Dry Season in Eastern Coastal Plains of India
Authors: Pavan Angara , Sagar Lalichetti , Reddy Devender
Published: July 2024

Despite the increasing availability of chlorophyll meters in the market, their adoption remains limited due to the absence of region-specific thresholds. One such meter, the CCM 200 plus produced by Opti-Sciences Inc., stands out for its non-destructive nature, cost-effectiveness and reliability. However, specific thresholds for this meter in the eastern coastal plains of India, particularly for maize crops, are lacking. The current study was carried out at the P.G. Research Farm, MSSSoA during summer season of 2022-23 encompassing three chlorophyll content indices (CCI less than 35, CCI less than 40, CCI less than 45) with and without basal nitrogen applications, alongside fixed-time nitrogen management (FTNM) and Absolute N Control (no nitrogen) which were allocated in randomized block design with three replications. The findings indicated that both CCI less than 45 with basal nitrogen application and CCI less than 40 with basal nitrogen application demonstrated statistically similar maize grain yields, surpassing FTNM by 18.1% and 12.4%, respectively. However, adopting CCI less than 40 with basal nitrogen application resulted in savings of 30 kg N/ha compared to CCI less than 45 with basal nitrogen application for maize cultivation in the Eastern Coastal Plains of India.
Bio Efficacy of Fungicides against the Wheat Head Blight Causing Fungus, Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Kaur Gurpreet , Rana S.K. , Masurkar Prahlad , Anand Siddharth , Sahoo Manisha , Singh Sukhwinder , Sinha Priyobrata
Published: July 2024

Background: Fusarium head blight (FHB), primarily caused by Fusarium graminearum, is a significant threat to global wheat production. It results in extensive yield losses and mycotoxin contamination. This study aims to evaluate various fungicides in vitro to determine their effectiveness in controlling FHB. Through a comprehensive analysis of the fungicides’ in vitro efficacy against F. graminearum, this research endeavours to establish a connection between laboratory observations and real-world field applications. Methods: The current investigation was conducted in the Plant Pathology laboratory of CSKHPKV, Palampur, during 2021-2022, wherein, nine fungicides viz., trifloxystrobin 25% + tebuconazole 50% (Nativo 75WG), carbendazim 12% + mancozeb 63% WP (SAAF), difenoconazole 25 EC (Score), carbendazim 50 WP (Bavistin), Propiconazole 25 EC (Tilt), tebuconazole 250 EC (Folicur), mancozeb 75WP (Indofil), copper oxychloride 50 WP (Blitox) and carboxin 37.5% +thiram 37.5% WS (Vitavax power) were evaluated at different concentrations against F. graminearum. In the in vitro assay, F. graminearum was subjected to varying concentrations of fungicides, ranging from low to high, to determine their inhibitory effects on the growth of mycelia, which are thread-like structures that form the vegetative part of fungi. The assay involved carefully monitoring the development of F. graminearum under different conditions to obtain accurate results. Result: The study’s results revealed that carbendazim 50 WP, trifloxystrobin 25% + tebuconazole 50% WG, and tebuconazole 250 EC at concentrations of 100 ppm or higher were the most effective in inhibiting the growth of mycelium. The varying degrees of effectiveness among the fungicides tested indicate that F. graminearum responds differently to various chemical treatments. The findings from this in vitro evaluation will provide valuable data for the ongoing efforts to develop effective and sustainable fungicide-based strategies to combat Fusarium head blight in wheat crops.
Determinants of Maize Production: Intercropping Maize and Beans in South Western Uganda
Authors: Tumwesigye Wycliffe , Osiru David , Benard Leems , Tefera Tesfaye Lemma , Bedadi Bobe , Jackson-Gilbert Majaliwa Mwanjalolo , Bamwesigye Dastan , Chavula Petros
Published: July 2024

Background: Intercropping is the practice of growing two or more crops nearby: in the same row or bed, or rows or strips near enough to allow biological interactions. Advantages of inter cropping include: improving soil’s nutrients to better support crops' growth and development thus improving yields; it improves soil-water retention and diversifies the farmers' incomes in case of failure for one crop. It is one of the natural methods for management of crop pests and diseases. Inter cropping maize and beans is one of the climate-smart agricultural approaches used to boost crop production across the globe. However, some smallholder farmers have a negative attitude toward it due to limited knowledge regarding its benefits. The study aimed at establishment of the effect of intercropping maize and beans on the maize yields in Isingiro District, South Western Uganda. Methods: The experiment was conducted in two seasons (March-May 2020 and August- November 2021). Standard agronomical practices were followed from planting to harvesting, after which the dry weight of maize was measured and recorded. Data analysis was done using ONEWAY ANOVA in R Software Version 4.2.2. Result: Results show that intercropping maize and beans in season one significantly increased maize yields (p less than 0.001) more than it did in season two (p=0.0211). The main effect of Season is statistically significant and large (p less than .001). The main effect of Treatment is statistically significant and large (p less than .001). The study concluded that reduced rainfall negatively affects maize yields and intercropping Longe5 with NABE16 increases maize yields. Early planting and good agronomic practices were recommended to improve maize productivity.
Impact of Malting and Moist-steaming on Carbohydrate and Dietary Fibre Quotient of Millets and its Utilization in the Preparation of Low Estimated Glycemic Index and High Fibre Pizza Base
Authors: Dagadkhair A.C. , Shere P.D. , Kshirsagar R.B.
Published: July 2024

Background: The Carbohydrate and dietary fibre quotients (CQ and DFQ) are an indication of total carbohydrate, dietary fibre and its fractions viz. soluble and insoluble. Malting is a nutrition transition natural method having many benefits. Further, a resistant starch (RS) is called a fraction of dietary fibre which forms on heating starch rich foods. Millets were malted and moist steamed in order to improve CQ and DFQ and used in preparation of pizza base. Methods: The moist steamed millets (MSM) malt was analyzed under Scanned Electronic Microscopic (SEM) to detect RS. The developed pizza base was analyzed for proximate composition, in-vitro digestibility and Estimated Glycemic Index (EGI) etc. Result: The SEM of moist steamed malt showed the retrograded starch molecules as an effect of moist steaming and cooling process. The proximate composition of pizza base showed a significant change in all parameter on fortification. The microbial parameters were slightly affected on fortification. The total starch, rapidly digestible starch (RDS), slowly digestible starch (SDS) and resistant starch (RS) content were too reduced on fortification. The Hydrolysis Index (HI) and Estimated Glycemic Index (EGI) were too decreased from 45.06 to 31.74 and 64.45 to 53.14 respectively on fortification. Hence, it is concluded that the MSM malt utilization in pizza base has impact on overall quality of pizza base including physico-chemical properties, microbial and EGI. The high fibre and RS millets malt could be utilized in the preparation of high fibre and low EGI pizza base.
Enhancing Apple Disease Detection with Pixel Pyramid Net through Pixel-Level Segmentation and Spatial Pyramid Pooling Techniques
Authors: Devi C. Radhiya , Jayanthi S.K.
Published: July 2024

Background: Apple fruit is prone to various diseases that can significantly affect fruit quality. Methods: This paper proposes a novel approach for apple disease detection utilizing PPN-Pixel Pyramid Net, a neural network architecture designed for pixel-level segmentation tasks. The methodology incorporates spatial pyramid pooling techniques to effectively address input images of diverse sizes and aspect ratios. Result: Experimental results showcase the model’s performance metrics across different classes, providing an in-depth analysis of Accuracy, Intersection over unionand Mean BF Score.
The Effect Of Learning Media Management And Self-Motivation On Science Literacy Ability
Authors: Hidayati Suci , Istiana Lailatul , Karim Abdul Malik
Published: July 2024

The basis of this paper is the teacher's ability to manage the learning media used during learning because it is an important component in delivering teaching materials. Learning objectives can be effectively achieved if teachers can manage the media needs of each teaching material and use it appropriately. The post-pandemic learning process is felt to be less meaningful and tends to be boring for students, so teachers must be able to innovate in choosing and creating learning media that can motivate students to learn. This study aims to determine the benefits and effects of using "KARCIL" media in improving the science literacy of students of Madrasah Tsanawiyah. The focus of the paper lies in the use of "KARCIL" media in Natural Sciences (IPA) subjects with a quantitative approach of the field research model through interviews and observations and the distribution of questionnaires to students used as samples. The results of the study obtained were (1) There was a significant influence between the use of "KARCIL" media on science literacy skills students, amounting to 0.001 with a confidence level of 10%, (2) There was a significant influence between self-motivation and science literacy ability of 0.011 with a confidence level of 10% and (3) There is a significant influence between the value of the coefficient of determination for the Nagelkerke model of 64% and 36% influenced by other factors that are not studied. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that good management of learning media and appropriate use by teachers can improve students' literacy ability and learning achievement.
Application of Style Leadership Transformational in Islamic Education Institutions
Authors: Wahyudin Aji , Furqon Muhamad , Prabowo Galuh , Zawawi Ahmad Abdullah
Published: July 2024

This research aims to analyze the application of transformational leadership style in Islamic educational institutions. In the context of Islamic educational institutions, the application of this leadership style is expected to improve the quality of education, build a positive work culture, and encourage the holistic development of the potential of students and staff. This research aims to explore the importance of the role of transformational leadership in Islamic educational institutions and its impact on various aspects of operations and learning. The research uses a qualitative approach with this type of literature study research using data collection techniques using several literature studies such as books, scientific journals, and supporting documentation. The results of this research show that transformational leadership is critical in facing contemporary challenges and ensuring that Islamic educational institutions do not only focus on academic achievement but also on developing student character through Islamic values. There are many phenomena that researchers have found in several Islamic educational institutions, for example: many teachers resign every year, they lack motivation and awareness of their duties as teachers or carry out their duties only because of rewards or punishments, and a lack of trust and loyalty towards school institutions. By implementing this transformational leadership style, it provides several positive impacts, the role of the principal is a model, encouraging subordinate performance, harmonizing the work environment, empowering employees, acting based on a value system, continuously improving their abilities, and having the ability to overcome complex situations. So with this research, it is hoped that the results of this research will be that this transformational leadership style can be applied to Islamic educational institutions, that have not yet used this leadership style, especially institutions that have a large number of students, both private and state because the results show that the transformational leadership style is very effectively applied to educational institutions today.
Changes in the elemental composition of agrocenosis components on gray forest soil under long-term application of mineral and organic fertilizers
Authors: Kotelnikova A. D. , Borisochkina T. I. , Kolchanova K. A. , Shishkin M. A. , Egorov F. S. , Okorkov V. V. , Rogova O. B.
Published: July 2024

The paper analyzes the elemental composition of soils and plants of agrocenosis on the gray forest soil of Vladimir opolye under long-term application of mineral and organic fertilizers. The content of total and mobile forms of Ni, Cu, Zn, Co, Mn, Fe and the content of these elements in aboveground plant organs, as well as changes in the main agrochemical characteristics that can affect the availability of elements to plants were evaluated. It is shown that the application of mineral fertilizers contributes to soil acidification, increase in the content of organic carbon, mobile forms of phosphorus. At the same time, the variants with joint application of mineral and organic fertilizers are subject to less change of these characteristics, which may be due to the increased buffering capacity of the soil with respect to the components coming with mineral salts, due to the applied organic matter. Introduction of Ni, Cu, Zn, Co, Mn, Fe into agrocenosis with fertilizers (organic and mineral) did not affect the gross content of metals in soil. There was a change in the content of mobile forms of metals in the soil due to changes in agrochemical parameters of soils. Changes in the content of trace elements in plant products were recorded. The reduction of Zn, Cu content in plants on the variants with more intensive use of fertilizers (and with higher yield) is explained by "dilution effect". The low content of Co in the soil and its insufficient supply to the plants must be controlled. The joint use of data on changes in the elemental composition of soils and plants allows better differentiation of experimental variants in the space of principal components when analyzed by this method and is promising for monitoring the consequences of agrogenic load of different degrees. The results obtained can be taken into account in the formation of criteria for assessing the mineral nutrition of plants and fertilizer application rates.
Decomposition of green manure and nutrients release in Subarctic, Kola Peninsula, Russia
Authors: Kashulina G. M. , Chueva N. V. , Litvinova N. I. , Nikerova K. M.
Published: July 2024

In the field experiment, the intensity of decomposition and release of nutrients was studied for six types of plant residues – leaves, panicles and straw of oats (Avena sativa), as well as whole plants of lupine (Lupinus angustifolius), phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia) and vetch (Vicia sativa) in the arable horizon of Anthrosols on the Kola Peninsula. Samples in mesh nylon bags were sampled after 8, 12 and 24 months of exposure in soil. The loss of weight, the content of Corg and Norg, as well as ash elements – Si, Al, Fe, K, Ca, Mg, P, S and Mn were determined in all plant residue samples. As the results showed, despite the low temperatures, the decomposition of green manure in soil occurred with a high intensity, comparable to the southern chernozem zone: after a year of exposure in the soil, plant residues lost from 47% (oat straw) to 75% (lupine) of their initial ash-free weight. After 2 years, weight loss reached 68% in oat straw and 90% in lupine. The distribution of losses of Corg, Norg, and P between the types of plant residues and decomposition periods correlated significantly (at p≤0.01) with the distribution of weight losses. Changes in the content of other ash elements did not depend on weight loss: depending on the type of material and the stage of decomposition, the samples could not only lose them (K – by all plant residues; Mn – by lupine; S, Ca and Mg – by all plant residues, except straw and oat panicles), but also accumulate them in quantities exceeding the initial ones (Fe – by all species, Mn – by all species except lupine; Ca and Mg – by straw and oat panicles) at certain periods. The accumulation of elements above initial level means that the transformed plant residues can accumulate additional amounts of elements from the soil solution, while the irregular alternation of increases and decreases in Ca, Mg, S, Fe and Mn indicates the reversible nature of the process. Due to the significant differences between the types of green manure in terms of chemical composition, rate and dynamics of decomposition and release of nutrients, their use provides great opportunities for managing soil fertility and the intensity of elements cycling in agrocenoses through the species selection.
Soil microbiome of Plaggic Anthrosol and Calcic Cryosols in Central Yakutia
Authors: Polyakov V. I. , Petrov A. A. , Abakumov E. V. , Kimeklis A. K. , Gladkov G. V. , Andronov E. E.
Published: July 2024

Soil microbiome makes a significant contribution to the implementation of ecosystem services, which are necessary for the sustainable functioning of ecosystems. Soils of central Yakutia develop under dynamic physical and chemical conditions (long-term freezing/thawing processes, redistribution of nutrients), which ensures the formation of a specific microbial community in natural and anthropogenically transformed areas. The object of the study was the natural, fallow, and agricultural soils of central Yakutia. The method of high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene fragment on Illumina MiSEQ sequencer was used to analyze the microbial community. As a result, in fallow lands a decrease in nutrients was revealed if compared to the lands involved in agricultural turnover. Based on the composition of the microbiome it was observed that the most common phyla are Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobiota, Pseudomonadota (Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria), Bacterioidota, Chloroflexi, Planctomycetota. The presence of a core set of microorganisms for the studied soils was recorded, up to 17.8% of phylotypes are unique and up to 25.7% are common to fallow lands and background plots. Microbial communities vary depending on geographical locations and on types of natural resource use. The most distinct microbial communities are formed in hydromorphic soils with the development of gley processes, as well as in agricultural soils.
Properties of psammozems of the Kama terraces above the floodplain and assessment of their sustainability to pollution by Cu and Cd
Authors: Sairanova P. Sh. , Eremchenko O. Z.
Published: July 2024

Pine forests growing on psammozems, found on sandy Kama terraces above the floodplain within the territory of Perm, encompass roughly 2 thousand hectares. The study was conducted on psammozems under the influence of advancing pollution caused by heavy metals, highlighting the significance of soil’s buffering capacity in preserving the ecosystem’s stability. It is of great interest to investigate the morphogenetic properties of psammozems and evaluate the risks linked to the accumulation of Cu and Cd in these soils through the analysis of changes in soil enzyme activity (catalase, urease, and invertase) and the occurrence of phytotoxicity. The psammozems found in the Kama region originated from periglacial sandy alluvium, which was deposited during glacial melting in the Mesozoic era. The variety of humus psammozems includes typical, podzolized, illuvial-ferruginous, and pseudofibrous subtypes. These soils are highly acidic, have a very low absorption capacity, low base saturation, and reduced activity of soil enzymes. The contents of Cu, Cd, Zn, and Pb in psammozems are notably lower compared to the regional soil clarks; however, in the underdeveloped humus horizons, the concentrations of these metals are slightly higher than in soil-forming sands. The experiment was conducted to determine the ecotoxicological load, where mixed soil samples from a 0–20 cm layer of humus psammozems were treated with solutions containing copper acetate and cadmium acetate. The application of solutions was done individually, with Cu and Cd ranging from 2.5 to 250 mg/kg of soil. Upon introducing Cu and Cd into the soil at the rate of 2.5–10 mg/kg, a decrease in invertase activity, deterioration of the physiological and biochemical parameters of the test crop (Lepidium sativum L.), along with the inhibition of Cd catalase activity, were observed.
Empat Jalan Menuju Ketuhanan: Memahami Sumbu Filosofis Keraton Yogyakarta Dalam Perspektif Filsafat Kebudayaan
Authors: Permadi Danur Putut
Published: July 2024

Munculnya modernisasi membawa perubahan besar pada berbagai aspek kehidupan sebuah masyarakat. Hal ini karena kebudayaan luar dapat masuk ke dalam kebudayaan lokal, yang kadangkala kebudayaan luar ini merubah atau bahkan menghapus kebudayaan lokal sebuah masyarakat. Akibatnya adalah banyak anggota masyarakat yang mulai tidak memahami kebudayaan lokal mereka. Realitas ini tentu dirasa miris, hal ini karena kebudayaan lokal seringkali memiliki nilai-nilai pengajaran bagi anggota masyarakatnya. Salah satu bentuk kebudayaan lokal yang sarat akan nilai ajarannya adalah konsep Sangkan Paraning Dumadi yang terdapat pada Sumbu Filosofis Keraton Yogyakarta. Sumbu ini adalah garis lurus yang menghubungkan Panggung Krapyak, Keraton Yogyakarta, dan Tugu Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini fokus menganalisis Sumbu Filosofis pada Jalan Margautama, Jalan Maliabara, Jalan Margamulya, dan Jalan Pangurakan yang membentang dari Tugu Yogyakarta sampai Keraton melalui perspektif filsafat kebudayaan dari van Peursen. Melalui metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, disimpulkan bahwa empat jalan tersebut dalam tahap ontologis dimaknai sebagai “ilmu” mengenai bagaimana seorang Muslim mendekat kepada Allah. Dan pada tahapan fungsional, empat jalan tersebut oleh masyarakat setempat dimaknai sebagai lokasi bisnis. Dari yang semula dijadikan sebagai simbolisasi dakwah Islam, kemudian bergeser dijadikan sebagai lokasi bisnis.
Identification of Misconceptions and Causes of Misconceptions in Stoichiometry Material Using Four Tier Multiple Choice (4TMC)
Authors: Rahmawan Setia , Ashfarini Dyah
Published: July 2024

Stoichiometry is one of the materials in chemistry subjects in high school that contains basic concepts to understand other chemical concepts. At the same time, a few class X students need help understanding and even experience misconceptions. This study aims to identify subconcepts that experience misconceptions, the percentage of students who experience misconceptions, and the causes of misconceptions that occur in students. The research method used is the quantitative descriptive method. The sample of this study was students of grade X MIPA at SMA N 1 Jetis, which was taken based on purposive sampling techniques. The research instrument used was the Four Tier Multiple Choice (4TMC) diagnostic test instrument. The pattern of answers, reasons, and confidence rating from the Four Tier Multiple Choice (4TMC) test results are then processed and analyzed to obtain significant misconception data from students. The results of the research obtained, namely, there were misconceptions in stoichiometric material, especially in the subconcepts of Avogadro's Hypothesis, Proust's Law (Law of Fixed Comparison), Dalton's Law (Law of Multiple Comparison), Ar and Mr, the percentage of grade X students at SMA Negeri 1 Jetis on stoichiometric material who experienced misconceptions of 25.35% which was classified as a low category, as well as the causes of misconceptions experienced by grade X students at SMA Negeri 1 Jetis on the material This stoichiometry comes from teachers, learners, and books. Misconceptions originating from teachers are related to learning methods, techniques, and delivery. Misconceptions originating from students are caused by wrong conceptions of learners, dependent algorithmic phenomena, learners' abilities, and students' interests, which need to be improved. At the same time, the misconception from the book is the existence of inappropriate concepts in the student's notebook. Identifying these misconceptions is expected to be the first step to remediate student misconceptions on stoichiometric material and prevent prolonged misconceptions.
Application of Online Project-Based Worksheets in the Utilization of Wood Sawdust as Adsorbents in Industri Liquid Waste Treatment
Authors: Sukmawardani Yulia , Meisani Riseu , Subarkah Cucu Zenab , Ida Farida
Published: July 2024

This study aims to analyze performance and students' higher-order thinking skills after implementing project-based worksheets on sawdust as an adsorbent in industrial waste treatment. The research method used is a pre-experiment with a one-shot case study design. The subjects of this study were chemical education students at UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung who took the chemical separation course. The instruments used are learning descriptions, worksheets, and higher-order thinking skills. The results showed that the average value of student performance in completing the bold project-based worksheets was 92.6, with an outstanding category. The highest average score achieved was in phase 3 of designing the project, with 96.5, an exceptional category. In the excellent category, the lowest average score in phase 4 of compiling product drafts/prototypes was 83.75. The results of students' higher-order thinking skills obtained an average value of 82.2, with an outstanding category. Thus, the bold application of project-based worksheets on using sawdust as an adsorbent in industrial wastewater treatment can develop high-order thinking skills in students.
Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticle using Anthurium andraeanum Leaves Extract for High School Practicum Module
Authors: Ratri Monica Cahyaning , Verina Amadea Agnes
Published: July 2024

Nanotechnology is a new subject in the Merdeka Curriculum that presents challenges in the chemistry learning process. Teachers need help delivering nanotechnology material due to a lack of understanding of the material and teaching materials. Therefore, a practicum module for synthesizing silver nanoparticles based on green chemistry was developed. The objectives of this study were (1) to know the quality of the practicum module in terms of feasibility and (2) to know the teacher's response to the developed module. The results of this study indicate that (1) Anthurium andraeanum leaves have the potential as a bioreductor for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles based on the color change of the silver nanoparticles solution and based on the absorption of UV-Vis spectrophotometer light at a wavelength of 438 nm which shows the characteristics of silver nanoparticles. (2) The developed practicum module has met the criteria of being highly valid, with a percentage of 93% in terms of media and 88% in terms of material. (3) The teacher's response to the developed product is very good, with a percentage of 98%. The developed practicum module is suitable for use in learning nanotechnology.
Developing Chemistry Lesson Plan Design: Integrating Scientific Explanation by CER Framework in STEM Learning
Authors: Laksono Pandu Jati , Ari S Shidiq  , Irfan Yunianto  , Evelina A Patriot
Published: July 2024

The main supporting component of a comprehensive learning implementation, scientifically prepared according to the chemical context, is developing a chemistry lesson plan. Scientific explanations in chemistry learning often involve causal mechanistic explanations of chemical phenomena, which provide a paradigm for understanding chemical concepts. This research aims to describe how prospective chemistry teachers use scientific explanations to develop CER framework in chemistry lesson plans that align with STEM learning. A descriptive qualitative research design was used. The authors conducted this research on 20 prospective chemistry teachers. This research used the document review, observation, CER framework assessment, and interviews. Prospective chemistry teachers can theoretically and practically prepare chemistry learning plans. The study reveals that prospective chemistry teachers struggle to offer scientific explanations for the concepts they explain through CER framework. Their responses to the CER framework assessment reveal numerous unconnected scientific explanations.  One cannot combine evidence and reasoning claims into a systematic unity to explain a chemical phenomenon.
Application of Chemistry E-Magazine Media to Students' Interest in Learning in Public Senior High School
Authors: Gita Aulia Cahyani  , Wigati Indah , Ravensky Yurianty Pratiwi
Published: July 2024

This study aims to test the effect of e-magazine chemistry media on students' interest in learning buffer solution material. This research uses a quasi-experimental design. The data collection technique used was an interest questionnaire in the form of 20 statements that were tested for the validity of the items, with the results of all statements being valid and a reliability of 0.811, so the questionnaire has a very high level of reliability. The data analysis was done using a t-test at a sig value. (2-tailed) 0.05 parametric statistical test analysis through SPSS software version 25. The experimental class was given treatment using e-magazine chemistry media, and the control class used textbooks. The experimental class's average pre-test and post test scores were 56.18 and increased to 82, while the control class's scores were 55.26 and increased to 65.26. Based on the results of the study, it was shown that the use of e-magazine chemistry was influenced in learning buffer solution material in terms of the data analysis of 0.000. This study implies that e-magazine chemistry can improve students' interest.
PANDANGAN HUKUM PIDANA ISLAM DAN HUKUM POSITIF TERHADAP EKSPLOITASI LANSIA PENGEMIS ONLINE
Authors: Kasmarani Yuli , Torik Muhammad , Saputra Rian
Published: July 2024

This research aims to analyze the phenomenon that occurred during the Covid-19 pandemic which required people to work to make money without having to interact directly in the real world. This is the basis for the emergence of creative ideas for content creators to use social media to earn money. As happened recently, content creators use elderly people to become actors in a live streaming video on TikTok media. If seen from the content creator's point of view, it is very profitable, because when the video goes viral and can attract the sympathy of the audience, the audience will not hesitate. to give gifts. It's different for the elderly actor who takes extreme measures such as soaking in dirty water and mud for hours just to get sympathy and gifts. The focus of the research is the views of Islamic criminal law and positive law regarding the exploitation of elderly beggars online. This research is library research or what is called normative juridical. The data source used is secondary data. The data collection technique used is document or literature study, then the data is analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The results of the research show that in Islamic criminal law the content creator has committed slavery which ignores the health of the elderly in order to gain profit, so that he can be subject to ta'zir sanctions, namely sanctions given by Ulil Amri or the government. Meanwhile, from a positive legal perspective, perpetrators/content creators of online exploitation of elderly beggars can be sentenced to imprisonment for a minimum of 3 years, a maximum of 15 years. And a fine of at least Rp. 120,000,000.00 (one hundred and twenty million rupiah) and a maximum of Rp. 600,000,000.00 (six hundred million rupiah).
Keywords: Exploitation, Elderly, Online Begging, Islamic Criminal Law, Positive Law.
Teaching and learning by competences in the law career at Universidad Católica de Salta
Authors: Toledo Víctor ,   Universidad Católica de Salta, Salta, Argentina., Celíope Soledad , Moreno Fleming María Pía , Rainero María Victoria ,   Universidad Católica de Salta, Salta, Argentina.,   Universidad Católica de Salta, Salta, Argentina.,   Universidad Católica de Salta, Salta, Argentina.
Published: July 2024

This work reflects the result of the first stage of the research project “Teaching and learning by competencies in the Law career of the Catholic University of Salta (UCASAL)”. The general objective of the research is to investigate whether the competencies defined by the UCA-SAL`s educational model are reflected explicitly and/or implicitly in the degree programs in face-to-face and distance modalities. To do this, all the programs of the different subjects in both modalities were analyzed through documentary observation by category.A quantitative analysis of the data was carried out which showed that there is little explicit reference to the term competencies from a pedagogical per-spective and a disparate presence of the generic competencies established by the University both between the subjects and between the years of com-pletion of the degree. Implicitly, a greater number of these competencies have been identified, although a great dispersion is observed in terms of their typology and their recurrence. The differences in the in-person and distance modalities are not significant and, in general, the same pattern can be observed, however, there are important variations in their devel-opment by year and by program elements.
Constitutional economic reparation in Ecuador. Analysis from the jurisprudence of the Inter American Court
Authors: Guerrero Jaramillo Javier Adrián|| ,   Universidad San Gregorio de Portoviejo, Manabí, Ecuador, Loor Párraga Jeniffer Julliet ,   Universidad San Gregorio de Portoviejo, Manabí, Ecuador
Published: July 2024

The object of study of this paper is economic reparation as one of the components of comprehensive reparation, analyzed in light of the existing juris-prudence of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights on the criteria for deter-mining economic reparation in cases of human rights violations. The subject of study are the victims of such violations and their next of kin, who are entitled to adequate, effective and proportional economic reparation.The temporal context of the research covers the period between 2010 and 2023, which corresponds to the period in which the IACHR Court has issued judgments on economic reparations, while the geographical scope covered is Ecuador, the coun-try taken as the case study. The methodology used is qualitative, descriptive and analytical, as well as comparative. The results of the research point to the need to strengthen dialogue and cooperation between the Inter-American Court and the Constitutional Court for the benefit of victims and the protection of human rights.
Drivers of intimate fatherhood in contemporary China: Childhood experiences, social media, and partner encouragement
Authors: Wang Liang , Keizer Renske
Published: July 2024

Objective: This study aims to investigate what factors contribute to the display of intimate fatherhood amongst contemporary urban Chinese fathers.
Background: Although a growing body of research has investigated men’s involvement in physical, and more recently, also emotional involvement in childcare, what drives men to be emotionally involved in childcare has received scant attention in the research literature, particularly in Asian countries such as China.
Method: Our study draws on in-depth interviews with 19 urban Chinese fathers to investigate why men display intimate fatherhood in parenting. The thematic analysis procedure is used to answer our research questions.
Results: Findings show that men’s disappointed feelings about the limited involvement of their own fathers, the intimate fatherhood contents presented in social media, and encouragement from their partner were important contributing drivers for contemporary Chinese fathers to display intimate fatherhood.
Conclusion: Our study highlights the importance of personal biographies, partner influences, and social media in contributing to men’s emotional involvement in childcare. Our findings are useful for policymakers and professionals to understand, and to promote, as well as strengthen, men’s commitment to displaying intimate fatherhood.
De Atlântida a Jardim do Éden
Authors: Murozaki Lívia Moreschi , Funari Pedro Paulo Abreu
Published: July 2024

Este artigo tem como objetivo comparar duas páginas de blogs que versam sobre o sítio arqueológico Göbekli Tepe de forma pseudoarqueológica. Para tanto, primeiro será feita uma fundamentação sobre o método arqueológico e a pseudoarqueologia, de modo a conceituar o último termo; em seguida, analisaremos pontos que aproximam e distanciam as fontes quanto ao seu modo de convencimento do leitor e a presença de ideias colonialistas.
Progresso e retrocesso nas características da distribuição da renda no Brasil de 1995 a 2023
Authors: Hoffmann Rodolfo
Published: July 2024

Utilizando os microdados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD) Contínua, são apresentadas algumas características da distribuição do rendimento domiciliar per capita (RDPC) em 2023, no Brasil e em seis regiões. Em seguida, utilizando também os dados da PNAD original, é analisada a evolução dessa distribuição de 1995 a 2023. Decompondo o RDPC em 11 parcelas, é realizada uma análise mais detalhada dessa distribuição em 2022 e 2023. Depois são analisadas as distribuições do rendimento do trabalho entre pessoas economicamente ativas (PEA) e entre pessoas ocupadas (POC), mostrando como as variações na taxa de desemprego causam comportamentos diferentes na evolução de medidas de tendência central e de desigualdade dessas distribuições. Verifica-se, por exemplo, que de 2022 a 2023, o índice de Gini da POC aumenta, mas o índice de Gini da PEA diminui. Isso é importante para avaliar corretamente o que condicionou a estabilidade do índice de Gini da distribuição do RDPC de 2022 a 2023.
An Overview of Ontological, Epistemological, and Axiological Aspects of the Junior High School Concept of Pressure
Authors: Anggraeni Desak Made , Andina Nova
Published: July 2024

Philosophy will be closely associated with the nature, principles, and laws governing all existing reality. This study examines the ontology, epistemology, and axiology aspects of the junior high school concept of pressure. The method used in this study is conducting studies from various books, journals, articles, magazines, and other scientific references related to the research topic. The data collection process in this study was divided into three stages: (1) editing, (2) organizing, and (3) finding. According to the findings of various studies, the ontological aspect of pressure explains what exactly pressure is. What does it accomplish? What kind? While the epistemological aspect of the concept of pressure is related to an explanation of the discussion related to the epistemological aspect of the idea of pressure will be studied regarding (1) the discovery of the idea of pressure, (2) the idea of pressure; (3) the laws that apply to the matter of stress. Meanwhile, the axiological aspect explains how pressure is useful and the laws that govern it in various aspects of human life. Thus, teachers should pay attention to the ontology, epistemology, and axiology aspects of the concept of pressure when teaching it in junior high school.
Örökbefogadási kommunikáció egyedisége, elméleti áttekintése
Authors: Adámi Zsanett
Published: July 2024

Az örökbefogadási családokban rendkívül fontos a tudatos, őszinte és nyílt kommunikáció annak érdekében, hogy a befogadott gyermek megértse személyes történetét. Ahogyan a családon belüli kommunikáció is, úgy az örökbefogadási kommunikáció is folyamatosan változik. Ez minden örökbe fogadó családra vonatkozik, függetlenül attól, hogy a gyermek hány évesen került a családba. Az örökbefogadással kapcsolatos kommunikáció nem csupán információmegosztást jelent, hanem egy olyan családi interakciós folyamatot, amely támogatja a gyermekben az örökbefogadási történet narratívájának kialakulását és felépítését, figyelemmel arra is, hogy a Gyermekjogi Egyezmény és a magyar jogszabályok szerint a gyermeknek joga van megismerni származását, vérszerinti családját. Éppen ezért az örökbe fogadó szülők kommunikációs készségeinek és tudatosságának fejlesztése kulcsfontosságú. Jelen leíró-elemző tanulmány célja, hogy bemutassa az örökbefogadási családi kommunikációt, rávilágítva ezzel a kommunikáció nélkülözhetetlen szerepére.
Episztemikus buborékból a visszhangkamrába: a szakértők és álszakértők megkülönböztetésének problémái a digitális médiatérben
Authors: Pintér Dániel Gergő , Laza Bálint
Published: July 2024

A tanulmány a szakértők kiválasztásának pragmatikus, hétköznapi problémáit járja körül. A szakértői álláspontok megbízhatóságának megítélését gátló tényezők mellett vizsgálja azt a társadalmi-infokommunikációs környezetet is, amelyben a laikusok szakértőket keresnek. Cikkünk kitér a figyelemgazdaság, episztemikus függés, episztemikus buborékok, visszhangkamra, algoritmikus elnyomás, vállalati cenzúra és kompenzációs legitimáció jelenségeire, valamint ismerteti a Máté-effektus és hiperspecializáció következményeit. A metaszakértelem fogalmának tárgyalásával néhány gyakorlati tanácsot is összefoglalunk, amelyek segítségével megkülönböztethetőek a szakértők az álszakértőktől.
$2^m - 1$ as the Integer Formulation to Govern the Dynamics of Collatz-Type Sequences
Authors: Goyal Gaurav
Published: July 2024

It has been discovered that representing odd integers as modified binary expressions ending with $2^m - 1$ for $m \geq 1$ helps in understanding the dynamics of Collatz-type sequences. Starting with the original Collatz sequence $3n + 1$, it is found that when the odd step is applied to an odd integer ending with $2^m - 1$, an even integer that ends in $2^{m+1} + 2^m - 2$ is obtained, which is exactly once divisible by 2, unless the lowest index reduces to zero. This implies that the sequence alternates between odd and even steps $m$ times. This governs the dynamics of the Collatz-type sequences because the value of $m$ determines the number of times the integer can be divided by 2 in each even step. A shortcut method is then presented that gives the even integer after $m$ odd-even steps are completed. This formulation also allows construction of odd integers to follow specific patterns of odd and even steps. The shortcut method for the modified Collatz sequence $5n+1$ is also presented.
Inequalities involving Higher Degree Polynomial Functions in π(x)
Authors: De Subham
Published: July 2024

The primary purpose of this article is to study the asymptotic and numerical estimates in detail for higher degree polynomials in $\pi(x)$ having a general expression of the form, \begin{align*} P(\pi(x)) - \frac{e x}{\log x} Q(\pi(x/e)) + R(x) \end{align*} $P$, $Q$ and $R$ are arbitrarily chosen polynomials and $\pi(x)$ denotes the \textit{Prime Counting Function}. The proofs require specific order estimates involving $\pi(x)$ and the \textit{Second Chebyshev Function} $\psi(x)$, as well as the famous \textit{Prime Number Theorem} in addition to certain meromorphic properties of the \textit{Riemann Zeta Function} $\zeta(s)$ and results regarding its non-trivial zeros. A few generalizations of these concepts have also been discussed in detail towards the later stages of the paper, along with citing some important applications.
QRGB: App for QR Code Generation (3-in-1 Method), Additive Color Generation Method (RGB), Using Python Programming Code, to Increase Accumulated Information Density
Authors: Anderson Ibar
Published: July 2024

The present work titled QRGB consists of the development of a Python application for generating QR codes using the additive color generation method (RGB). This innovative method increases the information density stored in QR codes by using three color layers (red, green, and blue), each representing a different data set. QRGB offers an efficient and secure solution for storing and transmitting large amounts of information in limited spaces, significantly improving the capabilities of traditional black-and-white QR codes.By using three color layers (red, green, and blue), QRGB codes can store up to three times more information in the same space. This technique not only increases storage capacity but also enhances information security, making it more difficult to counterfeit or manipulate the code. The superposition of multiple data layers allows for redundancy implementation, increasing the code's robustness against damage or reading errors.QRGB codes are especially useful in applications that require the transmission of large amounts of data in limited spaces, such as in the packaging industry, digital business cards, and interactive advertising. Additionally, they have great potential in areas such as document and ticket security, where the authenticity and integrity of information are crucial.These points provide a solid foundation for understanding the innovation and advantages of colored QR codes (QRGB) compared to traditional QR codes, highlighting their applicability and potential in various sectors.The Python application developed for QRGB utilizes advanced color image processing techniques, applying models and methods to generate and decode QR codes using the RGB color system, thus enhancing information density and security through the innovative use of additive color layers.
Recent Advances in Non-Linear Imaging Techniques for Cancer Detection
Authors: Ávila Francisco J.
Published: July 2024

The World Health Organization (WHO) cancer agency predicts that more than 35 mil-lion cases of will be experienced in 2050, a 77 % increase over the 2022 estimate. Cur-rently, the leading cancer diagnosed cancer are breast, lung and colorectal. There is no standardized tool for cancer diagnosis; initially clinical procedures are guided by the patient´s symptoms and generally involve biochemical blood tests, imaging and biopsy. Label-free nonlinear optical approaches are promising tool for tumor imaging, due to their inherent non-invasive biosafe contrast mechanisms and the ability to monitor collagen-related disorders and metabolic changes during cancer progression. Last ad-vances in nonlinear modalities for tumor imaging are reviewed here. In addition, an application of a blind deconvolution procedure to improve the quality of two-photon images of breast tumor tissues is shown.