bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O Waimea 5000 em revistas californianas (1976-1982)
Authors: Fortes Rafael
Published: June 2021

Resumo As primeiras sete edições do Circuito Mundial de Surfe Profissional Masculino foram realizadas entre 1976 e 1982. Criado pela organização International Professional Surfers (IPS), o circuito incluiu uma etapa no Brasil desde o início: o Waimea 5000, sediado na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Este trabalho descreve e analisa a cobertura do evento de surfe em duas revistas publicadas nos Estados Unidos, Surfer e Surfing, e está dividido em três partes. A primeira parte cobre a formação do Circuito Mundial e a organização de excursões para participar nas etapas da África do Sul e do Brasil. A segunda parte concentra-se na cobertura propriamente dita durante a maior parte desse período, que foi bastante escassa de forma geral, e tratou o Brasil como um destino de lazer atraente para o público interessado em surfe. A terceira parte aborda o evento de 1980, na qual saiu vitorioso o californiano Joey Buran. A vitória de Buran foi retratada nas publicações da época e em edições posteriores ao longo dos anos 1980. Com base nesses elementos, o texto debate as possíveis implicações dessas representações considerando o contexto dessa época, que incluía as condições de produção das revistas, o papel periférico do Brasil no mundo do surfe e os estágios iniciais do profissionalismo no esporte. Este artigo faz parte de um projeto de pesquisa que discute como o Rio de Janeiro e o Brasil foram retratados nas revistas de surfe escritas em língua inglesa publicadas no exterior.
Educação Médica: Responsabilidade de Quem? Em Busca dos Sujeitos da Educação do Novo Século
Authors: Kornatsu Ricardo Schoiti
Published: June 2021

RESUMO A educação encontra-se num processo de mudança, mas ainda é mais evidente a manutenção dos status quo do que as inovações, reformas ou transformações. Sujeitos da educação somos todos nós, educadores e educandos, e ser professor e estudante sujeito da educação é estar permanentemente comprometido com a educação: a dos outros (professores, estudantes, comunidade) e a própria. São, então , os educadores e educandos os maiores responsáveis pela educação médica , pois ninguém melhores que os docentes e discentes para conhecerem a realidade especifica de cada escola médica , suas fragilidades e fortalezas , vantagens e desvantagens, seus passos e lugar na comunidade, sua gente , e inexiste conhecimento profissional rigoroso, baseado na racionalidade técnica , que desconta da atuação no terreno pantanoso das relações interpessoais da educação ou das profissões da saúde . Por tanto, há que se resgatar o humano na nossa prática cotidiana, buscando o desenvolvimento de atitudes e competências favoráveis ao (RE) estabelecimento da confiança mútua e empatia nas relações educador- educando e profissional de saúde-paciente. Resgatar a dignidade na educação e na saúde envolve respeitar limites, mas avançando sempre no sentido das novas possibilidades.
Condições da Formação do Profissional na Área da Saúde na UFRJ: a Faculdade de Medicina
Authors: Ribeiro Victoria Maria Brant
Published: June 2021

Resumo: A investigação abrange, no conjunto, a percepção e a avaliação da formação médica na UFRJ por cinco segmentos nela envolvendo direta (alunos docentes, gestores e egressos da Faculdade de Medicina) ou indiretamente (usuários das unidades hospitalares da UFRJ). São apresentados os resultados parciais do segmento dos alunos, cuja análise forneceu indicadores teóricos para a investigação dos demais segmentos. Categorias teóricas comuns subsidiam a elaboração dos instrumentos de avaliação a serem aplicados aos demais grupos, de modo a obter um panorama global da formação. O estudo desenvolvido nessa fase consistiu em: a) seleção da amostra; b) formação, pré-testagem e aplicação dos questionários; c) análise dos resultados dos questionários aplicados. Os critérios de interpretação derivaram do cruzamento entre as demandas e críticas dos alunos e os objetivos e proposições do currículo vigente, sem perder de vista as condições da formação do médico na UFRJ, objeto da pesquisa. Os pontos que emergiram desse cruzamento foram agrupados em temas.
Sou um homem branco? Epistemologia política do paradoxo majoritário
Authors: Fassin Eric
Published: June 2021

Resumo Como um homem branco pode falar sobre questões minoritárias? Sustento que a epistemologia dos saberes situados não diz respeito somente à perspectiva dos grupos minoritários e não silencia vozes majoritárias. Na verdade, não requer confissões, mas um pensamento crítico formulado em primeira pessoa. Procurando evitar o que Donna Haraway chamou de “truque de deus”, inicio o artigo discutindo a rejeição francesa dos estudos de gênero e dos estudos críticos sobre raça, situando-a no contexto de uma reação internacional. A reflexão de Joan W. Scott em torno do que ela nomeou de paradoxo minoritário (falar como mulher para não ser tratada como tal) nos ajuda então a conceitualizar o que chamo aqui de paradoxo majoritário: falar sobre questões minoritárias desde uma posição majoritária sem, entretanto, falar pelos sujeitos minoritários. Enfrentando seriamente o paradoxo majoritário formula-se então a posição de insider without, simetricamente oposta à que Patricia Hill Collins chamou de outsider within. Ser por essa razão tratado como traidor apenas revela um certo tipo de política identitária majoritária. Resistir a tal identificação pode ser assim produtivo.
Motivaciones, significados y riesgos en los encuentros sexuales de hombres gays de La Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires en el contexto del covid-19
Authors: Escalante Miguel Angel Esparza , Noriega Guillermo Núñez
Published: June 2021

Resumen Se buscó identificar las motivaciones que llevan a los hombres gay del AMBA (Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires) a romper el Aislamiento Preventivo Social Obligatorio (APSO) con fines de encuentro sexual en el contexto de la pandemia de covid-19. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo-exploratorio, con veinte entrevistas semiestructuradas a igual número de personas. La muestra fue intencional no representativa, el contacto se estableció mediante la aplicación de GRINDR y TINDER pactando las entrevistas de manera telefónica o presencial. Se encontró que los entrevistados habían roto la cuarentena motivados principalmente por “la calentura”, la dificultad para mantener “la abstinencia sexual” y por las “ganas de tener sexo”, en el contexto de una alta valoración personal de la libertad y de familiaridad con la clandestinidad. Algunos realizan medidas de disminución del riesgo de covid-19, como el uso de cubrebocas y alcohol en gel, otros consideran que no son población en riesgo.
Sinais e sintomas manifestados por pacientes em cuidados paliativos oncológicos na assistência domiciliar: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Bittencourt Nair Caroline Cavalcanti de Mendonça , Santos Karoliny Alves , Mesquita Maria Gefé da Rosa , Silva Vanessa Gomes da , Telles Audrei Castro , Silva Marcelle Miranda da
Published: June 2021

Resumo Objetivo identificar os principais sinais e sintomas manifestados por pacientes em cuidados paliativos oncológicos na assistência domiciliar. Método revisão integrativa nas bases LILACS, MEDLINE e CINAHL em janeiro de 2020. Perguntou-se: “Quais os principais sinais e sintomas manifestados por pacientes em cuidados paliativos oncológicos destacados nos estudos abrangendo o contexto do domicílio?”. Foram descritores/termos: Sinais e Sintomas/Signs and Symptoms; Assistência Domiciliar/Home Care Services; Cuidados Paliativos/Palliative Care e Neoplasias/Neoplasms. Elencaram-se como critérios de elegibilidade: texto completo; entre 2015 e 2019; em inglês, português ou espanhol e idade adulta. Para o mapeamento dos dados, consideraram-se: título; país; ano; objetivo; método; sinais e sintomas. Os resultados foram categorizados em subgrupos, considerando a classificação conceitual predeterminada (sinal e sintoma). O elemento contagem facilitou a análise e a comparação de dados. Resultados foram selecionados 35 artigos, sendo identificados 25 sinais e 23 sintomas. Os mais frequentes foram: dor, náusea/vômito, dispneia, fadiga, depressão, ansiedade, constipação, perda de apetite, sonolência, bem-estar e insônia. A maioria (39) relacionou-se ao domínio físico. Conclusão a identificação dos principais sinais e sintomas, neste contexto, direciona a prática dos profissionais de saúde para as intervenções mais adequadas e o mais precocemente possível, contribuindo para viabilizar a assistência domiciliar, e alerta para a necessidade de educação permanente sobre este tema.
Reflexiones sobre la idea de América Latina y sus contribuciones a las terapias ocupacionales del sur
Authors: Díaz-Leiva Mónica Matilde , Malfitano Ana Paula Serrata
Published: June 2021

Resumen Se presenta una reflexión sobre las narrativas que se han elaborado en torno a América Latina y desde las cuales han emergido una serie de categorías que posibilitan determinadas y diferentes lecturas sobre nuestro continente. El objetivo es analizar estas narrativas e identificar lo que nos ofrecen para contribuir al debate sobre las Terapias Ocupacionales del Sur considerando que su despliegue tiene directa relación con las discusiones que, desde hace varias décadas, se vienen produciendo en nuestra región. Para ello se realiza un ensayo reflexivo en torno a teorías sociales que incluyen narrativas anticoloniales, poscoloniales, estudios subalternos, decoloniales, entre otras, seleccionando cuatro asuntos que contribuyen a la reflexión de las Terapias Ocupacionales del Sur: la heterogeneidad contradictoria de América Latina, la colonialidad como legado trans-generacional de la colonización, la política de representación que ha asumido el mundo letrado o intelectual para observar, estudiar y representar la “alteridad” y la colonialidad interna como punto de arranque de procesos de descolonización. Se concluye que las terapias ocupacionales del sur se han configurado como un lugar de habla y reconocimiento de las narrativas y prácticas locales-regionales, teniendo una gran potencialidad para movilizar las relaciones y asimetrías de poder tanto a nivel local como global. La idea de América Latina nos permite identificar las maneras en que se ha transformado el curso de la profesión y se siguen produciendo nuevos sentidos y prácticas en respuesta a los contextos históricos y temporalidades en este continente.
Construct validity and internal consistency of the Brazilian version of Leisure Attitude Measurement for the elderly
Authors: Castro Vivian Carla de , Radovanovic Cremilde Aparecida Trindade , Dellaroza Mara Solange Gomes , Pedroso Bruno , Silva Eraldo Schunk , Carreira Lígia
Published: June 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the construct validity and internal consistency of the Brazilian version of Leisure Attitude Measurement for the elderly. Method: Methodological study with a quantitative approach. The data were collected for three months through domiciliary visits to a random and representative sample of 384 elders. The internal consistency was measured through Cronbach alpha coefficient. Construct validity was evaluated through exploratory factor analysis. Factor extraction was conducted per principal components, following the Kaiser criterion, with rotation through Varimax solution. Results: The participants’ mean age was 70,9 and they were mostly women, married, living with relatives, with one to four years of education, and with an income of up to one minimum wage. The final model of the instrument has conserved three factors, under the parsimony criterion, explaining 50% of data variance, with a total of 27 items distributed across the cognitive, affective, and behavioral domains, with an overall Cronbach alpha coefficient of 0.89. Conclusion: The proposed structural model has shown construct validity and an appropriate internal consistency, explaining 50% of data variability. Its application can promote the understanding of social reality and encourage a positive attitude and elderly engagement in leisure activities.
CARACTERÍSTICAS CLÍNICAS, EVOLUCIÓN Y TRATAMIENTO DE HIPERTENSIÓN ARTERIAL PULMONAR EN UN HOSPITAL PERUANO DE REFERENCIA
Authors: Javier Marcos Lorenzo Pariona , Velezmoro-Ojeda Wilfredo Javier , Sarasa Pedro Daniel Diaz
Published: June 2021

Objetivos. Describir las características epidemiológicas, clínicas, evolución y tratamiento de los pacientes con hipertensión arterial pulmonar. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo que incluyó a 47 pacientes con diagnóstico primario de hipertensión pulmonar. Resultados: La edad promedio fue 48 años y 91% fueron de sexo femenino. El promedio de seguimiento fue 39 meses. Los tipos predominantes fueron; asociado a cardiopatía congénita (48,9%), asociado a enfermedad del tejido conectivo (21,3%) e idiopático (17%). Se usó monoterapia principalmente Sildenafilo en 78.7% y terapia combinada secuencial, en su gran mayoría Sildenafilo más Bosentan en 21.3% de los casos. Durante el seguimiento, el 70,2% tuvo por lo menos una hospitalización y cinco pacientes fallecieron, haciendo una mortalidad total acumulada de 10,6%. Conclusiones. Hipertensión arterial pulmonar afecta predominantemente a personas jóvenes y de sexo femenino. La principal etiología encontrada fue la cardiopatía congénita. El tratamiento específico más frecuentemente usado fue Sildenafilo como monoterapia. La mortalidad encontrada fue menor a la reportada en otros registros.
Trop-2 protein as a therapeutic target: A focused review on Trop-2-based antibody-drug conjugates and their predictive biomarkers
Authors: Vranic Semir , Gatalica Zoran
Published: June 2021

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent a new class of highly potent antineoplastic drugs built by attaching a small molecule of an anticancer drug (payload) or another therapeutic agent to an antibody recognizing an epitope on the targeted cells. Trophoblast cell-surface antigen-2 (Trop-2) was originally described in trophoblasts and fetal tissues, but subsequently, its overexpression has been demonstrated in various solid malignancies. Sacituzumab govitecan, a conjugate of anti-Trop-2 antibody and SN-38 payload (an active metabolite of irinotecan), is the first in the class that has been clinically validated and approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast (2020) and urothelial carcinomas (2021). In the current review, we summarize and critically appraise the most recent advances with Sacituzumab govitecan, emphasizing the predictive biomarker analysis.
Пространственная структура распределения степных и лесных районов Донецкой области
Authors: Блакберн Андрей Альфредович , Остапко Владимир Михайлович , Золотой Андрей Леонидович
Published: June 2021

Цель исследования - оценка пространственной структуры экологического каркаса ряда административно-территориальных подразделений (АТП) центральной и восточной части Донецкой области как единого полигона. Материалы и методы. Определялись количество и площади двух основных типов природных (квазиприродных) экосистем региона - степных и лесопокрытых территорий в границах трех районов - Шахтерского, Амвросиевского, Старобешевского и Донецко-Макеевской агломерации. Путем расчленения полигона исследования на квадраты 7 х 7 км оценивались диаграммы рассеяния квадратов по соотношению в них площадей степных и лесопокрытых территорий, количественное распределение квадратов по диапазону занимаемых природных площадей, характер их географического распределения и концентрации. Результаты и обсуждение. Показано, что по характеру распределения квадратов по соотношению в них площадей степных и лесопокрытых территорий во всех АТП, кроме города Донецка, преобладает степной компонент. Лесной компонент существенен также для Амвросиевского и особенно для Шахтерского районов, что приближает их к лесостепному характеру ландшафта. В Старобешевском районе лесной компонент практически отсутствует, а степной представлен вытянутыми участками, приуроченными к долинам местной речной сети. Географическое распределение квадратов по данным характеристикам показывает наибольшую концентрацию природных территорий (степных, лесопокрытых экосистем и их совокупности) в Шахтерском и Амвросиевском районах и наименьшую - в Старобешевском. Заключение. Рекомендуется участки повышенной концентрации природных территорий Шахтерского и Амвросиевского районов считать кластерами природных ядер регионального значения формируемой экологической сети региона. Степные участки речных долин Старобешевского района признать экологическими коридорами местного и субрегионального уровня. Природные и квазиприродные ареалы городов Донецка и Макеевки - природными ядрами и коридорами местного или субрегионального уровня в зависимости от их значимости в общей системе экологической сети.
С большой любовью к малой родине
Authors: Попов Сергей Александрович
Published: June 2021

(Ковалев Г.Ф. Словарь микротопонимов Воронежской области: в 2 т. Воронеж: НАУКА-ЮНИПРЕСС, 2017. Т. I: А-Л, 410 с.; Т. II: М-Я, 420 с. ISBN 978-5-4292-0134-4)
Профессор Ф. Н. Мильков. Чкаловский маршрут
Authors: Федотов Сергей Владимирович
Published: June 2021

Цель публикации - познакомить географическую общественность с малоизвестными эпизодами педагогической и общественной деятельности профессора Ф. Н. Милькова во время пребывания в г. Чкалове. Материалы и методы. В статье использованы материалы из личного архива Милькова и архива Воронежского государственного университета. Результаты и обсуждение. Автор акцентирует внимание на быстром взлете служебной карьеры профессора Ф. Н. Милькова, его увлеченность педагогической и общественной деятельностью, сотрудничеством со средствами массовой информации. Заключение. В 1950 году закончился 9-летний срок проживания и работы профессора Ф. Н. Милькова в городе Чкалове. 15 октября директор Чкаловского государственного педагогического института подписал приказ о переводе Федора Николаевича на другую работу. Был проложен новый маршрут Чкалов - Воронеж. А городу, в котором с 1941 по 1950 год вместе с семьей прожил профессор Ф. Н. Мильков, в 1957 году вернули первоначальное название - Оренбург.
Methods for Assessing the State of Snow-Ice Cover
Authors: Mashkov Viktor G. , Malyshev Vladimir A. , Fedyunin Pavel A.
Published: June 2021

The development new methods for measuring the electrophysical and geometric parameters multilayer dielectric medium in order to identify their layers, as well as to detect inhomogeneities in them, is an urgent scientific task. Methods for assessing the state the snow-ice cover are proposed, based on the identification layers of the snow-ice cover by the dielectric permittivity obtained indirectly as a result inclined sounding of the underlying surface by an electromagnetic wave with vertical and horizontal polarization. Under normal sensing the underlying surface, in the form snow-ice cover, by radio waves with vertical and horizontal polarization, the obtained values the reflection coefficient from the boundary layers the received signals are identical. Oblique sensing by a vertically polarized wave in the range from 25 to 90 degrees leads to a sharp dip in the values the reflection coefficient from the boundary layers at certain angles, so for dry snow – 47…55°, dry firn – 55 … 58° and dry ice – 58…61°. These angles characterize the dielectric properties the layers (permittivity), which are explained by the complete polarization the reflected wave in a plane perpendicular to the plane incidence, since at this moment the vibrations the layer's electrons along the direction their movement do not lead to the emission electromagnetic waves in the direction the reflected wave (absent). The given estimated values the complex relative permittivity snow-ice cover as two component medium air and ice at a temperature from minus one to minus forty degrees, or three component medium air, ice and water at zero temperature are a sample for establishing the identity the characteristic properties layers. The purpose this article is to develop methods for assessing the state snow-ice cover used in determining the possibility performing a safe landing a helicopter – type aircraft on an unprepared site with snow-ice cover based on the identification the obtained characteristics snow-ice cover layers based on the results radar sensing with calculated data
The Speed Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in the Snow-Ice Underlying Surface
Authors: Malyshev Vladimir A. , Mashkov Viktor G.
Published: June 2021

The results calculations the electromagnetic wave propagation velocity in the snow-ice cover depending on the density, the proportion liquid water content, and the propagation speeds the electromagnetic wave in dry snow, dry firn, and dry ice vary very markedly depending on the proportion liquid water content, the preferred orientation, and the shape ice and air structure are presented. The inclusions in the snow. The performed estimates the complex relative permittivity the medium that determines the speed propagation electromagnetic waves show a noticeable influence the density, the proportion liquid water content and the structure the underlying surface (snow, firn, ice), which allows identifying the layers the underlying surface in order to remotely determine the possibility landing a helicopter-type aircraft on an unprepared site with snow-ice cover. Shown, when the portion the water content in the medium is equal to zero, which is typical for negative temperatures, the speed propagation electromagnetic waves in the medium will depend on the density the medium and structure the dry ice in a small range of 1 m/μs temperature. In dry snow, vertically and horizontally elongated or spherical inclusions make a significant contribution to the change in the speed propagation the electromagnetic wave. At zero temperature, in the frequency range of 2 ... 8 GHz, the share water content in the medium, the density and structure the medium will play a determining role in the speed propagation an electromagnetic wave in the medium. The purpose this article is to determine the change ranges speed propagation electromagnetic waves in snow-ice the underlying surface depending on the density, structure, water content to restore the structure the snow and ice according to radar sensing, a more accurate determination the depth snow and thickness ice cover used in the assessment the possibility the safe landing an aircraft the helicopter type on an unprepared ground with snow-ice cover
ORAL MANIFESTATIONS IN RENAL TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS IN SULAIMANI CITY, KURDISTAN REGION, IRAQ
Authors: Othman Zhila , Ahmed Khadija , Sharif Dana
Published: June 2021

Background 

Renal transplant is the treatment of choice for patients with end-stage renal disease. To prevent graft rejection, recipients are receiving a combination of immunosuppressive medications. Among common side effects of the therapy, many oral manifestations are found either as a direct effect of the drugs or due to suppression of the immune system.

Objectives 

This study aimed to investigate oral problems and their relation to the oral hygiene status of the recipients.

Patients and methods

This cross-sectional study was performed on 150 renal transplant recipients in Sulaimani city, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, from December 2018 to June 2019. Any existing condition was diagnosed on a clinical basis. Additional data including a questionnaire of demographic, pharmacologic, and transplant duration were also collected. 

Results

The 150 transplant recipients included 103 males and 47 females (mean age 40.5 years). A total of 22.1% had at least one oral lesion. The most common lesion was gingival hyperplasia in 16.7% of cases who received cyclosporine A as the primary immunosuppressive medication, followed by candida infection 4.7%, which were mostly in patients with a transplant duration of less than 3 months.

Conclusion

In this study, we reported a lower incidence of oral lesions compared to other studies published in the literature. Improvement of oral hygiene status of the recipients is associated with reduced oral manifestation specifically gingival hyperplasia. Also, using prophylactic antifungal and antiviral agents during the first few months of transplant has a direct effect on reducing the number and frequency of viral and fungal infections.
Synthesis and characterizations of zeolite catalyst from natural quartz in Kurdistan Region-Iraq
Authors: Smail Heman
Published: June 2021

In this work a cheap and an affordable natural quartz powder was used as a silica source, converted to a sodium silicate solution, for synthesising the low silica kind X (LSX) with process of hydrothermal the zeolite LSX with the formula Na73K22[Si97Al95O384] . 212H2O. The synthesized zeolite with the types cations of K and Na, considered as NaK-LSX, the best time to complete crystallization was 3.0 h, was features of the agent performing Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), that affirmed the synthesis effectiveness. Images of field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) in the (NaK-LSX) illustrated particles of multi-faceted spherulite composing polycrystal particles that have various measures as well as particles of small amorphous. Measuring of the average pore size and, volume of total pore for sample utilizing the “Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH)”technique, the particle magnitude spread over an area of NaK-LSX about 67nm, and nitrogen adsorption  is indicating an area of surface about 732.29 m2/g applying “Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET)” technique. The synthesizes zeolite (LSX) may have different kind of usages including, industrial applications as  a gas or vapour adsorption, separation and as a catalyst. In addition they may also be used as a selective adsorbent in purifying polluted air.
Detection and classification of falling in elderly people using customized deep learning algorithm
Authors: Abdulrahman Bnar , Mohammed Aree
Published: June 2021

This research work proposes a fall detection system in elderly people based on customized human body detection using You Only Look Once (YOLO) version-3 algorithm. This scheme provides a high accuracy rate of classification for different cases (stand, sit, and fall). To design such system, IoT based-fall detection is implemented. The Raspberry pi is used to process the tested images captured from the live camera. Then, the YOLO detects the human body and classifies them into three categories. The proposed system has trained for 100 images for each class type based on positive samples. Moreover, in the test phase, static image, and live camera have been used to show the performance of the system in term of the accuracy detection. Finally, the accuracy rate is determined for different distances from the camera in order to improve the validity of the classification. Test results indicate that the proposed system is invariant for the light and environmental conditions and has a good accuracy when the live camera is used. The accuracy rates average of a live camera for different distances are 100%, 95%, and 90% for (stand, sit, and fall) classes respectively.
Diagnostic informative value of liquid-based cytology optimized with genetic methods for the differential diagnosis of precancerous and malignant diseases of the cervix
Authors: Kit O. I. , Maksimov A. Yu. , Timoshkova M. Yu. , Lukbanova E. A. , Petrusenko N. A. , Potemkin D. S. , Verenikina E. V. , Shevchenko A. N. , Kecheryukova M. M.
Published: June 2021

Purpose of the study. Was to assess diagnostic informative value of liquid-based cytology optimized with genetic methods for the differential diagnosis of precancerous and malignant diseases of the cervix.

Materials and methods. The study included 381 patients. Cervical pathologies were diagnosed with liquid-based cytology only and liquid-based cytology optimized with genetic methods of assessing the expression of miRNA‑20a, miRNA‑375, miRNA‑21 and –23b. Results of liquid-based cytology and genetic methods were verified by histological examination of the material. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics methods with the calculation of the mean and standard error of the mean. The mean values were compared with the help of the Mann-Whitney test.

Results. Diagnostic results of liquid-based cytology were consistent with histological results in 107 (73.8 %) of 145 cervical cancer (CC) patients, in 52 (57.1 %) of 91 patients with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), and in 30 (65.2 %) of 46 patients with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL). Optimization of liquid-based cytology by assessing the expression of miRNA‑21 and miRNA‑23b in the cervical epithelium improved the diagnostic sensitivity of the method from 73.8 % to 80 %, and its specificity from 94.1 % to 97.9 %. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of liquid-based cytology for differential diagnosis of CC and HSIL was 87 % and 78.8 %, respectively. Optimization of liquidbased cytology by assessing the expression of miRNA‑20a and miRNA‑375 in the cervical epithelium for the differential diagnosis of CC and HSIL improved the diagnostic sensitivity of the method from 87 % to 95.1 %, and its specificity from 78.8 % to 93.9 %.

Conclusions. We revealed the most informative pairs of miRNAs in the cervical epithelium, as an analysis of their expression expanded the possibilities of liquid-based cytology both as a method for diagnosing CC and as a method for the differential diagnosis between CC and HSIL.
Bladder cancer. A retrospective analysis of the use of vinfluvin in real clinical practice
Authors: Zhabina A. S. , Novikov A. I. , Moiseenko F. V. , Volkov N. M. , Stepanova E. O. , Artemeva E. V. , Abduloeva N. H. , Moiseenko V. M.
Published: June 2021

Purpose of the study. There is the generalized analysis of administration of vinflunine in real clinical practice in St.Petersburg Clinical Scientific and Practical Center of Specialized medical Care (oncological).

Materials and methods. This analysis gathered 27 patients with urothelial carcinoma treated using this medicine in St.Petersburg Clinical Scientific and Practical Center of Specialized medical Care (oncological). We assessed efficacy, safety profile of vinflunine in this subset of patients.

Results. Clinical efficacy of vinflunine (complete response + partial response + stable disease) was 51,86 %, one patient demonstrated complete response. Median of response duration accounts for 3,4 months. Adverse events were observed in 28,4 %, most of them were 1-2 grades. 2 patients stopped therapy due to adverse events.

Conclusion. In our analysis vinflunine was more effective than in randomized clinical trial and other studies from real practice in Europe. Thus, confirm expediency to administer of vinflunine for metastatic urothelial carcinoma.
A clinical trial of the efficacy of a combination of antiseptic and antimicrobial agent in the treatment of inflammatory processes of the skin and soft tissue
Authors: Grigoryan A. Yu. , Bezhin A. I. , Sukovatykh B. S. , Blinkov Yu. Yu.
Published: June 2021

Purpose of the study. To conduct a clinical trial of the local treatment efficacy of skin and soft tissue inflammatory processes combination with sodium carboxymethylcellulose, immobilized miramistin and metronidazole.

Patients and methods. The study involved patients with purulent-inflammatory skin processes, divided into two groups – control and experimental – 30 in each. The most common nosological form were abscesses of various localization. In the control group, local treatment was carried out with dioxomethyltetrahydropyrimidine ointment with chloramphenicol, and in the experimental group – with a combination of sodium carboxymethylcellulose with miramistin and metronidazole. We studied the local temperature, wound pH, wound planimetry, the appearance of wounds, the species composition of infectious agents in the discharge from the wound, a general blood test (with the determination of leukocyte indices), blood biochemical parameters, and the number of bed-days in the hospital. The data obtained were processed statistically.

Results. The percentage of reduction in the area and volume of wounds in the experimental group was significantly higher than in the control. The maximum rate of wound healing in the experimental group was noted on days 1-3 and amounted to 9.7 (6.3; 15.5) % / day, and in the control group – 5.6 (2.9; 7.7). Starting from the 5th day of treatment, the local temperature indices in the experimental group were significantly lower than in the control group, and the pH values of the wounds in the experimental group tended to neutral values from the 5th day of treatment, and in the control group there was an increase in pH. Most often, S. epidermidis and S. aureus were inoculated from the wound discharge (in total, more than 50 % of observations); in the control group, pathogenic microorganisms were inoculated 1.6 times more often than in the experimental group.

Conclusion. Patients in the experimental group were hospitalized for 2.5 days less than patients in the control group. It is possible to recommend further study and application of the combination of miramistin and metronidazole immobilized on the sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose in the treatment of wounds.
Predictive value of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1 in surgical treatment of localized renal cell cancer
Authors: Tarasenko A. I. , Rossolovskiy A. N. , Berezinets O. L. , Durnov D. A. , Popyhova E. B. , Popkov V. M.
Published: June 2021

Purpose of the study.To determine the association of individual biomolecular markers of oncogenesis MMP‑2, MMP‑9 and the inhibitor of metalloproteinases TIMP‑1 with the risk of tumor invasion and metastasis in the early and late postoperative period in various types of surgical treatment of RCC.

Materials and methods.The study prospectively included medical data of 60 patients with kidney cancer with T1-3N0 M0 who received surgical treatment at the Urology Clinic of the S.R.Mirotvortsev Design Bureau of the SSMU from 2016 to 2019. The patients were divided into 3 groups: 1st group included 20 patients who underwent kidney resection for elective indications, with tumors of the renal parenchyma; 2nd group – 20 patients who underwent radical nephrectomy by laparoscopic approach; Group 3-20 patients who underwent radical nephrectomy with lumbotomy access. All patients being in the early (7-10th day) and long-term postoperative period (after 1 and 2 years) by solid-phase ELISA, on a StatFax 4200 analyzer using eBiosence and Cloud-Clone Corp reagent kits, a study was made on the basis of the concentration in the blood serum of markers of oncogenesis MMP‑2, MMP‑9 and TIMP‑1 metalloproteinase inhibitor.

Results.In all groups of patients with RCC, an initial increase in the concentration of MMP‑9 was revealed compared to the control (p≤0.05). According to the results of the ROC analysis, this indicator has a high specificity and sensitivity in terms of predicting RCC at the preoperative stage. The highest sensitivity and specificity for detecting tumor progression was demonstrated by matrix metalloproteinases: MMP‑2 – sensitivity 96 %, specificity 67 % (cut-off point 357.5 pg/ml) and MMP‑9 – sensitivity 87.5 % and specificity 62 % (cut-off point 958 ng/ml). At the same time, TIMP‑1 showed less significant indicators – sensitivity and specificity (74 % and 60 %, respectively) with a cut-off point of 0.49 ng/ml.

Conclusion.Serum MMP‑2 and MMP‑9 are a marker of a poor prognosis for the progression of RCC. Elevated levels of MMP‑9 in the blood serum of RCC patients before and after various types of surgical treatment reflect the individual characteristics of the patient’s body and the tumor process. Dynamic monitoring of the level of markers of oncogenesis in patients with RCC allows a personalized approach to the choice of the scope and method of surgical treatment of RCC.
Cystatin C as a predictor of acute renal damage after radical surgical treatment in patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Tarasenko A. I. , Pavlov V. N. , Kabirov I. R. , Alekseev A. V. , Urmantsev M. F.
Published: June 2021

Purpose of the study. To assess the clinical and prognostic significance of serum and urinary cystatin C (uCys-C and sCys-C) in patients undergoing radical cystectomy (RC) in relation to AKI.

Patients and methods. In this prospective study, uCys-C and sCys-C levels were measured during the first week after undergoing RC in a heterogeneous group of patients undergoing RC (n=186), mean age 59.5±11.4 years. The observation period of the patients was 6 months. The diagnosis of AKI that developed within the first week after surgery was based on the KDIGO criteria.

Results. Of the 186 examined patients, 43 developed AKI according to generally accepted criteria. During the follow-up period, no patient required renal replacement therapy. AKI patients had a longer hospital stay (22.4±22.9 versus 13.0±4.1). The sCys-C levels were significantly associated with the occurrence of AKI and CKD in the long-term postoperative period and had an area under the ROC curve of 0.76 and 0.81, respectively, for predicting severe outcomes. At an optimal cut-off value of 161.17 ng/ml, sCys-C showed a sensitivity of 65 % and a specificity of 58 % for predicting AKI. The greatest increase in the concentration of sCys-C was detected 6-12 hours after surgery, followed by a decrease in the long-term follow-up.

Conclusion. Peak sCys-C levels are associated with AKI and independently predict the development of AKI in patients after RC and the onset of CKD within 6 months.
The Product Features, Functions, and Benefits of Seafood Products for Competitive Repositioning
Authors: Nurliza Nurliza , Suharyani Anita , Nugraha Aditya
Published: June 2021

The global demand for seafood products increased in a dynamic environment. Still, fails to achieve competitive positioning due to labeling, unattractive and unprofitable targeted segments, and less preferred quality and features. Thus, this study tried to create competitive positioning through features, functions, and benefits of seafood product attributes. The results arranged through consumer characteristics, consumer preference with conjoint analysis, market identification and competition with regression analysis, Multidimensional Scaling, and Correspondence Analysis from 206 respondents. The results prove that (i) canned fish, dried fish, and salted fish competed on freshness, durability, and food safety (labels); (ii) shredded fish, surimi, and pedak competed on density, taste, physiological function, and easy-to-use feature; (iii) crackers competed on taste, social function, and psychological function; (iv) shrimp paste competed on shape, color, surface condition, texture, additive content, and chemicals. The implications of the results: (i) transported and packed to processing plants and food storage facilities; (ii) an increase in food diversity, food fortification, and supplementation; (iii) cultural congruence between the product and the market with certain packaging designs, launch timing, and advertising; (iv) several methods of process, such as quick freezing and cook-chilling, pasteurized before packed or retort pouch and natural food additives.
A comparative study of azelastine, cromolyn and olopatadine ophthalmic solution in vernal keratoconjunctivitis in a tertiary care hospital-open label parallel group study design
Authors: Sharma Gaurav , Chaudhary Kulbhushan P. , Sawaraj Sushma
Published: June 2021

Background: Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a chronic, bilateral, external ocular inflammatory disease primarily affecting young boys living in warm, dry climates with seasonal variations. The disease causes lot of discomfort to the patient and sometimes can predispose to serious problems like shield ulceration and keratoconus. A number of drugs are used in the management of the condition, with variable results. The aims and objectives of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of the drugs, cromolyn sodium, azelastine and olopatadine ophthalmic solutions in the treatment of VKC.Methods: Sixty patients of VKC were studied over a period of 6 weeks. They were divided into 3 groups randomly to receive one of the drugs under study. Symptoms and signs were recorded after detailed questioning and examination according to modified criterion of Tabbara and Arafat.Results: There was significant reduction in the mean itching scores with olopatadine as compared to cromolyn sodium and azelastine (p<0.05). Olopatadine significantly decreased mean lacrimation scores as compared to cromolyn sodium and azelastine (p<0.005). Olopatadine, cromolyn and azelastine showed significant reduction of corneal stippling, but no drug was significantly better than the other. Both cromolyn and olopatadine showed reduction of limbal edema equally (p<0.05), olopatadine reduced limbal edema more significantly as compared to azelastine (p<0.05).Conclusions: All the three drugs were found to be safe in the treatment of VKC. Olopatadine may be preferred over the other two drugs since it reduced both itching and discharge most significantly.
Evaluation of effect of Calotropis gigantea root bark in some animal models of Wister albino rats
Authors: Dudhgaonkar Sujata , Jaiswal Kavita M. , Uike Pravin S. , Raghute Latesh B.
Published: June 2021

Background: Calotropis gigantea is a well-documented traditional medicinal plant useful for many disease conditions. The present study deals with the effect of alcoholic extract of roots bark of Calotropis gigantean in some animal models.Methods: Acute anti-inflammatory activity of root extract was assessed on carrageenin induced paw edema and chronic antiinflammatory activity on cotton pellet granuloma formation in rats and compared with standard diclofenac sodium. Antiasthmatic activity was assessed in histamine and actylcholine induced bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs.Results: 100 and 200 mg/kg p.o. root extract of CG showed significant anti-inflammatory and bronchodilator activity. Antiinflammatory activity was higher than Diclofenac Sodium 50mg/kg. The combination of low dose diclofenac sodium 25mg/kg potentiated the effect. Inhibitory effect on synthesis and release of various inflammatory mediators might contribute to both of these actions. Steroid like phytoconstituents might be responsible for these effects. Further research is needed to understand the exact mechanism behind these effects.Conclusions: In the present study Calotropis gigantea root bark exhibited anti-inflammatory activity in animal models.
Marine natural products: the new generation of pharmacotherapeutics
Authors: Goel Rajeev , Mahendru Binny , Saini Tushar
Published: June 2021

The biomedical potential of the sea has gone largely unexplored so far, despite the fact that it covers three quarters of the planet surface and the fact that life on Earth originated from the sea. However, with the arrival of the professional deep sea divers, the marine researchers have gained access to all sorts of marine creatures like sponges, corals, sea urchins, sea squirts, hydroids, sea anemones, fishes and mollusks as well as to varied types of sea plants including algae and the other micro-organisms embedded in the sea bed. The biomedical scientists are exploiting these all to extract marine natural products (MNPs) having pharmacological properties that may one day cure long list of illnesses varying from bacterial infections to cancer, Alzheimer's and AIDS and was the focus of this review article.
Normative data of thyroid volume-ultrasonographic evaluation in clinically asymptomatic Nigerian adults at Benue state university teaching hospital, Makurdi
Authors: Msuega Chia D. , Ugande Aondoaseer A. , Iorpagher Kator P. , Obekpa Ochekawo I. , Abdullahi Abdullahi A.
Published: June 2021

Background: Thyroid gland volume is highly variable among communities. Current study was aimed to determine the local normative data on thyroid volume, assessed by ultrasonography in asymptomatic Nigerian adults.Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary hospital between February 2020 to February 2021, which included 500 clinically asymptomatic adults in Makurdi, North-Central Nigeria. Age specific reference values for thyroid volume were obtained. Structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on other variables that could influence thyroid gland volume. The data obtained, including that from blood tests of thyroid function was collated and analysed using SPSS 23, with p=0.05.Results: The mean total thyroid gland volume for both lobes in the entire population of the study was 6.91±2.41 cm3. The mean thyroid volume for both lobes in males 7.09±2.60 cm3 was higher than that of females 6.73±2.38 cm3. The mean right and left lobe volumes were 3.56±1.14 cm3 and 3.35±1.10 cm3 respectively. The right lobe volume was significantly greater than the left lobe (p=0.000). There was a consistent steady increase in thyroid gland volume with increasing age for the general, male and female population until at least the 5th or 6th decade. The total thyroid gland volume significantly correlated with the individual’s body parameters. Highest correlation was found with height (r=0.256, p<0.05)).Conclusions: Ultrasonography was valuable in the determination of thyroid gland volume and normal values were different in various communities.
The effects of magnesium sulphate on haemodynamic stress response to pneumoperitonium in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a double blinded randomised controlled study
Authors: Das Samiran , Basu Sraboni , Sasidharan Shibu , Dhillon Harpreet Singh
Published: June 2021

Background: To study the effect of intravenous magnesium sulphate on hemodynamic response to pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopic cholecystectomy and to study the side effects of the drug of any.Methods: Patients were randomly allocated into two groups of 40 each. Automated NIBP, Heart rate, Nausea, headache was noted. Magnesium ion concentration was measured. Chi square test was used to test the association between different study variables under study. Corrected test was used in case of any one of the cell frequency was found less than 5 in the bivariate frequency distribution. Fisher’s Exact Test was also used in the case where the test could not be applied. Test of proportion (Z-test) was used to test the significant difference between two proportions. t-test was used to test the significant difference between means. P≤0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Patients’ characteristics were comparable in both groups. Most data related to surgery and anaesthesia were comparable in both groups. The MAP of group N (control) was significantly higher than that of group M throughout surgery (P5,P10,P20,P30, and at extubation) except at baseline and at the time of PP (P0). The MAP is better maintained in M group. Usage of GTN in the control group was significantly higher. HR of the control group was significantly higher after 20 min (P20) of pneumoperitoneum and after extubation. There was significantly more incidence of nausea and vomiting in the control group.Conclusions: Use of magnesium sulphate just before pneumoperitoneum is very useful for attenuating haemodynamic alterations to pneumoperitoneum and the requirement of antihypertensive GTN is significantly much less compared to the control group during laparoscopic surgery without increasing any adverse outcome.