bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New Approaches to Morphological Diagnosis of Placenta Percreta: Clinical and Morphological Comparisons. Сase Report.
Authors: Nizyaeva Natalia V. , Kulikov Ilyas A. , Belousova Tamara N. , Fokina Tatyana V. , Milovanov Andrey P. , Tikhonova Natalia B. , Artem’eva Ksenia A. , Milyutina Ekaterina R. , Borovkova Ekaterina I. , Geilis Irina A. , Mikhaleva Lyudmila M. , Dobrokhotova Yulia E.
Published: December 2023

(1) Background If placenta percreta (PP) is suspected, one should take into account ultrasound and MRI data, which allow one to assess not only the depth of invasion of the placenta into the myometrium, but also the degree of involvement of the blood vessels of the uteroplacental region and the pelvis, the formation of adhesions and collaterals between organs as well; (2) Methods: The patient with suspected PP was examined by ultrasound and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) examination. Histological study was performed on paraffin sections (hematoxylin & eosin, Mallory staining); cytotrophoblast was detected with antibodies to cytokeratin-8; (3) Results MRI and ultrasound examinations showed placental invasion extending beyond the serous lining of the uterus involving the posterior wall of the bladder. Elective abdominal delivery was performed at 37 weeks. Surgical excision of the uterine wall with invaded villi and involved fibrous bladder wall were performed. Histological study revealed invasive cytotrophoblast cells in the uterine wall located up to adventitia of the uterine subserosal vessels only. Thinning of the uterine wall up to the serous membrane was detected; (4) Conclusions: Placental villi and trophoblast extended beyond the uterus is not histology equivalent to placenta percreta. To diagnose PP instrumental visualization methods should be used.
Impaired Mitochondrial Function and Marrow Failure in Patients Carrying a Variant on SRSF4 Gene
Authors: Miano Maurizio , Bertola Nadia , Grossi Alice , Dell'Orso Gianluca , Regis Stefano , Rusmini Marta , Uva Paolo , Vozzi Diego , Fioredda Francesca , Palmisani Elena , Lupia Michela , Lanciotti Marina , Grilli Federica , Corsolini Fabio , Arcuri Luca , Giarratana Maria Carla , Ceccherini Isabella , Dufour Carlo , Cappelli Enrico , Ravera Silvia
Published: December 2023

Serine/arginine-rich splicing factors (SRSF) are a family of proteins involved in RNA metabolism, including pre-mRNA constitutive and alternative splicing. The role of SRSF proteins on mitochondria activity has already been shown for SRSF6 but SRSF4 altered expression has never been reported as disease causing. An 8-year-old patient admitted to the Hematology Unit because of leukopenia, lymphopenia, and neutropenia showed a missense variant of unknown significance on the SRSF4 gene (p.R235W) found by Whole Genome Sequencing analysis and inherited by the mother who suffered from mild leuko-neutropenia. Both patients showed lower SRSF4 protein expression compared to HD and altered mitochondrial function and energetic metabolism, which appeared associated with low mTOR phosphorylation and an imbalance in proteins regulating biogenesis (i.e., CLUH) and mitochondrial dynamics (i.e., DRP1, OPA1). Transfection with the wt-SRSF4 gene restored the mitochondrial function. In conclusion, this study shows that the de-scribed variant of the SRSF4 gene is pathogenetic and causes reduced SRSF4 protein expression, which leads to cells’ mitochondrial function impairment. Since mitochondrial function is crucial for hematopoietic stem cells maintenance and some genetic bone marrow failure syndromes display mitochondrial defects, SRSF4 mutation could have substantially contribute to the clinical phenotype of our patient.
The Concept of a Compact, Mobile, and Accurate Solution for the Dosing of Protein Substitutes for Medical and Sports Environments
Authors: Dobocan Corina Adriana , Toaso Gabriella
Published: December 2023

The concept of the protein powder dispenser was developed on the basis of the results of analyses, studies and customer requirements. The dispenser was assembled using SolidWorks software, which consists of 63 elements, 14 of which are unique parts that are not available on the market. Each part of the dispenser was carefully designed to be injected into the plastic compound. Polypropylene is the perfect material for this dispenser as it is low density, waterproof, insoluble and extremely resistant to tension and bending. High purity propylene polymer can be processed into a tough, rigid and lightweight plastic with relatively low manufacturing costs, replacing expensive materials. The authors' original contributions are the design and manufacture of a dosing device for protein powder, adjustable in 3 heights to be able to dose in containers of different sizes; the design and integration of a mechanism with a precise dosing system, the components being designed so that the parts in contact with the shaft filled with protein powder form a perfectly closed space; the design and integration of the mechanism for adjusting the height of the dispenser.
Resveratrol Liposomes for Buccal Formulations: Suitability for Chemoprevention and Treatment of Oral Cancer
Authors: De Jesús Valle María José , Rondon Mujica Alexandra Mabel , Zarzuelo Castañeda Aranzazu , Duarte Ana Catarina , Coutinho Paula , Sánchez Navarro Amparo
Published: December 2023

Resveratrol is currently considered an option for chemoprevention and treatment of oral cancer, but the instability and unfavorable pharmacokinetics hinder its use in clinical practice. The present study deals with the preparation of resveratrol liposomes by a method that preserves stability and provides payload high enough for chemoprevention and/or treatment of oral cancer. Different temperatures, RSV concentrations and molar fractions, as well as the presence or absence of vitamin C in the hydration media were assayed. Liposome hydrodynamic diameter, polydispersity and zeta potential were evaluated by dynamic light scattering. In vitro biocompatibility, antioxidant activity and permeability were evaluated using TR146 cells and PermeaPad® membranes. Liposomes were included in hydrogels and films, and their suitability for buccal application was evaluated. According to the results, a temperature of 37ºC was optima to efficiently produce the resveratrol liposomes. Vitamin C was found to influence the liposome size, while resveratrol concentration significantly influenced the entrapment efficiency. High cell biocompatibility and potent intracellular antioxidant activity were observed and the inclusion of vitamin C reinforced the antioxidant effects. High permeation across PermeaPad® membranes and efficient uptake by TR146 cells was proved for resveratrol loaded liposomes. Liposomal hydrogels and films appropriated for buccal application were obtained and the payload of the formulations was high enough to produce mucosa concentrations above resveratrol IC50 values reported for cancer cells.
Functional Classification and Interaction Selectivity Landscape of the Human SH3 Domain Superfamily
Authors: Jasemi Kazemein Neda S. , Mehrabipour Mehrnaz , Magdalena Estirado Eva , Brunsveld Luc , Dvorsky Radovan , Ahmadian Mohammad R.
Published: December 2023

SRC homology 3 (SH3) domains are critical interaction modules that orchestrate the assembly of protein complexes involved in diverse biological processes. They facilitate transient protein-protein interactions by selectively interacting with proline-rich motifs (PRMs). A database search revealed 298 SH3 domains in 221 human proteins. Multiple sequence alignment of human SH3 domains is useful for phylogenetic analysis and determination of their selectivity towards PRM-containing peptides (PRPs). However, a more precise functional classification of SH3 domains is achieved by constructing a phylogenetic tree only from PRM-binding residues and using existing SH3-PRP structures and biochemical data to determine the specificity within each of the 10 families for particular PRPs. In addition, the C-terminal proline-rich domain of the RAS activator SOS1 covers 13 of the 14 recognized proline-rich consensus sequence motifs, encompassing differential PRP pattern selectivity among all SH3 families. To evaluate binding capabilities and affinities, we conducted fluorescence dot blot and polarization experiments using 25 representative SH3 domains and various PRPs derived from SOS1. Our analysis has identified 45 interacting pairs with binding affinities ranging from 0.2 to 125 micromolar out of 300 tested and potential new interactors of SOS1. Furthermore, it establishes a framework to bridge the gap between SH3 and PRP interactions and provides predictive insights into potential interactions of SH3 domains with PRMs based on sequence specifications. This novel framework has the potential to enhance the understanding of protein networks mediated by SH3-PRM interactions and be utilized as a general approach for other domain-peptide interactions.
Improving Breast Tumor Multi-Classification from High-Resolution Histological Images with the Integration of Feature Space Data Augmentation
Authors: Brancati Nadia , Frucci Maria
Published: December 2023

To support pathologists in breast tumor diagnosis, deep learning plays a crucial role in the development of histological whole slide image (WSI) classification methods. However, automatic classification is challenging due to the high-resolution data and the scarcity of representative training data. To tackle these limitations, we propose a deep learning-based breast tumor gigapixel histological image multi-classifier integrated with a high-resolution data augmentation model to process the entire slide by exploring its local and global information and generating its different synthetic versions. The key idea is to perform classification and augmentation in feature latent space, reducing the computational cost while preserving the class label of the input. We adopt a deep learning-based multi-classification method and evaluate the contribution given by a Conditional Generative Adversarial Network-based data augmentation model on the classifier’s performance for three tumor classes in the BRIGHT Challenge dataset. The proposed method has allowed us to achieve an average F1 equal to 69.5, considering only the WSI dataset of the Challenge. The results are comparable to those obtained by the Challenge winning method (71.6), also trained on the annotated tumor region dataset of the Challenge.
Metagenomic Analysis of Viromes of Aedes Mosquitoes across India
Authors: Gangopadhayya Abhranil , Lole Kavita , Ghuge Onkar , Ramdasi Ashwini , Kamble Asmita , Roy Diya , Thakar Shivani , Nath Amol , AB Sudeep , Cherian Sarah Sabu
Published: December 2023

Metagenomic analysis of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes from diverse geographical regions of India revealed presence of several insect viruses of human interest. Most abundant reads found in Ae. aegypti mosquitoes were Phasi-Charoen like virus (PCLV), Choristoneura fumiferana granulovirus (CfGV), Cell fusing agent virus (CFAV) and Wenzhou sobemo-like virus 4 (WSLV4), whereas WSLV4 and CfGV constituted the highest percentage in Ae. albopictus viromes. Other reads which were of low percentage included Hubei mosquito virus 2, Porcine astrovirus 4 and Wild Boar astrovirus. PCLV and CFAV, which were found to be abundant in Ae. aegypti viromes, were absent in Ae. albopictus viromes. Among the viromes analyzed, Ae. aegypti sampled from Pune showed highest percentage (79.82%) of viral reads while Ae. aegypti mosquitoes sampled from Dibrugarh showed lowest percentage (3.47%). Shamonda orthobunyavirus, African swine fever virus, Aroa virus and Ilheus virus, having potential to infect vertebrates including humans, were also detected in both mosquito species, albeit in low read numbers. Reads of gemykibivirus, avian retrovirus, bacteriophages, herpesviruses and viruses infecting protozoans, algae, etc. were also detected in the mosquitoes. A high percentage of reads in the Ae. albopictus mosquito samples remained unclassified and warrant further investigation. Data generated in the present work may not only lead to studies to explain the influence of these viruses on replication and transmission of viruses of clinical importance but also find application as biocontrol agents against pathogenic viruses.
Is There Any Relationship between Scoliosis, Cervical Pain and Postural Imbalance in Parkinson’s Disease? A Cross-Sectional, Pilot Study
Authors: Ronconi Gianpaolo , Ariani Mariantonietta , Gatto Dario Mattia , Stefinlongo Gioia , Ingravalle Fabio , Coraci Daniele , Codazza Sefora , Panunzio Maurizio , Ferriero Giorgio , Ferrara Paola Emilia
Published: December 2023

Background: Parkinsons’s disease is characterized by progressive worsening of gait, posture and
balance with disability in daily life activities and to improvement in chronic musculoskeletal pain,
often in neck pain associated with worsening of balance. The aim of the study is to investigate the
correlation between scoliosis, balance and cervical pain in Parkinson’s disease.
Methods: Cross-sectional, pilot study. A total of 16 Parkinson’s patients were enrolled in the study.
The Pain Visual analogue scale and the short form McGill pain questionnaire measured neck cervical pain; static balance, Tinetti, Berg Balance and Short Physical Performance Battery scales(SPPB) were used to evaluate dynamic balance. Whole-spine standard X-ray assess spinal scoliosis with Cobb angles measurement .An observational statistical analysis was performed with the patients subdivided into a non-scoliosis (NS) group and a true scoliosis (TS) group based on whether they presented a Cobb’s angle below or ≥10°.
Results: Frequency of neck pain in the NS group was 37% compared to 50% in the TS group. A non-statistically significant
difference was found in terms of static, dynamic balance and cervical pain scores between NS and
TS groups.
Conclusions: Scoliosis, cervical pain and postural imbalance are significant yet often overlooked
complaints in PD.
Schizoaffective Disorder - The middle point between Schizophrenia and Psychotic Bipolar
Authors: Patadia Charmee , Desai Dev , Malafi Maria Eleni
Published: December 2023

Schizoaffective disorder and its classification have always been a topic of discrepancy among researchers. The overlapping presentations of schizoaffective disorder, schizophrenia and psychotic bipolar disorder makes it difficult to classify and diagnose. This study is a narrative review of literatures and genetic and epidemiological research evidences, done to determine the similarities and differences between schizoaffective and psychotic bipolar disorder. Beginning from the introduction of schizoaffective disorder as "schizoaffective psychosis" by Kasanin in 1933, various researchers have proposed different views regarding the diagnosis and classifications for schizoaffective disorder. DSM-III considered schizoaffective disorder as a diagnosis of exclusion as it fails to fit the definite diagnostic criteria of schizophrenia, major affective disorders, or schizophreniform disorder. DSM-V updated the criteria of schizoaffective disorder and stated it as a life time illness rather than being an episodic disorder as in DSM-IV and hence is more reliable. However, some studies show that schizoaffective disorder patients are more like schizophrenia than mood disorder. It still remains unclear whether schizoaffective disorder is a heterogenous disease, a form of schizophrenia, a form of mood disorder or a midpoint in the continuation spectrum of schizophrenia and psychotic bipolar disease.
Equilibrium Decision Selection Model on Automotive Pollutant Emissions Decreasing: Case Study on Magnitogorsk City
Authors: Rakhmangulov Aleksandr , Pytaleva Olga , Osintsev Nikita
Published: December 2023

Higher traffic density in Russian cities and less uniform traffic due to congestions are reasons for increased emissions of pollutants contained in exhaust gases of vehicles. The paper presents the modeling results of pollutant dispersion in Magnitogorsk. The analysis of these results shows that now many blocks of flats and social infrastructure of the city are in a zone with an excess of maximum allowable concentration of pollutants. Having summarized the methodological framework formulated by Russian and foreign researchers, the authors systemized the existing methods used to decrease pollutants produced by vehicles. It is proposed to choose an optimal combination of such methods applying a developed mathematical model. By adopting an optimal combination of the methods, it is possible to ensure minimum air pollutant emissions from vehicles, allocating limited financial resources. The mathematical modeling of the solutions on changing traffic density and structure and implementing methods used to decrease pollutants on one of the Magnitogorsk crossroads with the heaviest traffic is used to draw a conclusion about efficiency of the designed model used as a tool for strategic planning of development and transformation of street networks.
Highlights of the Magic Florian Goebel Telescopes in the Study of Active Galactic Nuclei
Authors: Manganaro Marina , Dominis Prester Dijana
Published: December 2023

The MAGIC (Major Atmospheric Gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov) Florian Goebel telescopes are a system of two Cherenkov telescopes located on the Canary island of La Palma (Spain), at the Roque de Los Muchachos Observatory, and operating in stereo mode since 2009. Their low energy threshold (reaching 15 GeV) allows the study of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) in the very-high-energy gamma ray range with an impressive sensitivity up to the redshift limit of the existing IACT systems. MAGIC has collected many discoveries and comprehensive studies of different kinds of galaxies and their AGNs, also in a multi-wavelength context, expanding the knowledge of our Universe. Here we report the highlights which have been achieved by the MAGIC collaboration since the beginning of the operations.
Immunogenicity of Tetravalent Protein Vaccine, SCTV01E-2 against SARS-CoV-2 EG.5 Subvaraint: a Phase 2 Trial
Authors: Tang Jihai , Xu Qinghua , Zhu Chaoyin , Xuan Kun , Li Tao , Li Qingru , Pang Xingya , Zha Zhenqiu , Li Jinwei , Qiao Liyang , Xu Haiyang , Wu Gang , Tian Yan , Han Jun , Gao Cuige , Qian Gui , Tian Xuxin , Xie Liangzhi
Published: December 2023

The Omicron EG.5 lineage of SARS-CoV-2 is currently on a trajectory to become a dominant strain. This phase 2 study aims to evaluate the immunogenicity of SCTV01E-2, a tetravalent protein vaccine, with a specific emphasis on its effectiveness against Omicron EG.5, comparing it with its progenitor vaccine, SCTV01E (NCT05933512). As of September 12, 2023, 429 participants aged ≥18 years were randomized to SCTV01E (N=215) or SCTV01E-2 (N=214) groups. Both vaccines showed increases in neutralizing antibody (nAb) against Omicron EG.5, with a 5.7-fold increase and a 9.0-fold increase in SCTV01E and SCTV01E-2 groups 14 days post-vaccination, respectively. The predetermined statistical endpoints were achieved, showing that the geometric mean titer (GMT) of nAb and the seroresponse rate (SRR) against Omicron EG.5 were significantly higher in the SCTV01E-2 group compared to SCTV01E. Additionally, SCTV01E and SCTV01E-2 induced a 5.5-fold and a 5.9-fold increase of nAb against XBB.1, respectively. Reactogenicity was generally mild and transient. No vaccine related SAEs, AESIs or deaths were reported. In summary, SCTV01E-2 elicited robust neutralizing responses against Omicron EG.5 and XBB.1 without safety concerns, underlining its potential as a versatile COVID-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Prevalence of Genetic Variants and Deep Phenotyping of Patients with Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection: A Cross-Sectional Single Centre Cohort Study
Authors: Mahlmann Adrian , Elzanaty Nesma , Saleh Mai , Irqsusi Marc , Rastan Ardawan , Leip Jennifer Lynne , Behrendt Christian-Alexander , Ghazy Tamer
Published: December 2023

Background: There is a paucity of evidence on people with thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection. We aimed to determine the prevalence of genetic variants and associations with phenotypes. Methods: In the current cross-sectional single centre cohort study of consecutive patients who underwent endovascular or open-surgical repair of thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection, we applied genetic analysis using four-stage Next Generation Sequencing and confirmed findings with Sanger sequencing. We collected personal and family history on comorbidities, clinical examination, anthropometrics, skeletal deformities, joint function ophthalmological measures. Cardiovascular risk- and phenotype scores were calculated. Results: 95 patients were eligible (mean age 54±9 years, 70% males, 56% aortic dissection). One-fifth had a family history of aortic disease, 95% and 54% had a phenotype score of ≤5 and ≤2, respectively. There weren’t significant differences in the distribution of phenotype characteristics according to age, sex, aortic pathology, or performed invasive procedure. Genetic variants were detected in 40% of patients; classic variants comprised 18% of all variants. We observed no significant association with cardiovascular and phenotype score but with higher joint function scores (p=.015). Conclusion: Genetic variants are highly present in clinically-relevant aortic pathologies. Variants appear to play a larger role than previously described. The different variants don’t correlate with specific phenotypes, nor with age, pathology, sex, or family history.
AP2/ERF transcription factor responses and tolerates to abiotic stresses in plants
Authors: Ma Ziming , Hu Lanjuan , Jiang Wenzhu
Published: December 2023

Abiotic stress is an adverse environmental factor that severely affects plant growth and development, and plants have developed complex regulatory mechanisms to adapt to these unfavourable conditions through long-term evolution. In recent years, many transcription factor families of genes have been identified to regulate the ability of plants to respond to abiotic stresses. Among them, AP2/ERF (APETALA2/ethylene responsive factor) family is a large class of plant-specific that regulate plant response to abiotic stresses and can also play a role in regulating plant growth and development. This paper reviews the structural features and classification of AP2/ERF transcription factors, that transcriptional regulation, reciprocal proteins, downstream genes and hormone-dependent signalling and hormone-independent signalling pathways are involved in the response to abiotic stress. The study of AP2/ERF transcription factors and interacting proteins, as well as the identification of their downstream target genes, can provide us with a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of plant action in response to abiotic stress, which can improve the tolerance ability of plants in abiotic stress, and provide more theoretical basis for rice to obtain more yields under abiotic stress.
Time Evolution of the Symmetry of Alphabet Symbols and Its Quantification: Study in the Archeology of Symmetry
Authors: Gilevich Artem , Frenkel Mark , Shoval Shraga , Bormashenko Edward
Published: December 2023

Time evolution of the symmetry of symbols constituting alphabets rooted in the Phoenician script was investigated. A diversity of quantitative measures of symmetry of graphemes appearing in Phoenician, Western Greek, Etruscan from Marsiliana, Archaic Etruscan, Neo-Etruscan, Euclidian Greek, Archaic and Classical Latin, and Proto-Hebrew scripts, constituting the Phoenician script family, were calculated. The same measures were calculated for the Hebrew/Ashurit and English scripts. The Shannon-like measures of symmetry were calculated. The Shannon diversity index was calculated. The Shannon diversity index increased with time in a monotonic way for the scripts emerging from the Phoenician one. The diversity of symmetry groups inherent for alphabets emerging from the Phoenician one grows with time. We also introduced the symmetry factor of the alphabet. The symmetry factor quantifies the averaged level of symmetrization of the alphabet and the possible parsimony of graphical information necessary for the drawing of the entire set of graphemes, constituting the alphabet. The symmetry factor is decreased with time for the alphabets rooted in the Phoenician one. This means that the average level of symmetrization of the studied alphabet is increased with time. The parsimony of graphical information necessary for writing graphemes is increased with time. The values of the symmetry factor calculated for the addressed scripts are close one to another, with the pronounced exception of the Hebrew/Ashurit script. Our study supplies the arguments for the point of view, according to which the modern Hebrew/Ashurit script does not emerge from the Phoenician one.
Solution of the one-dimensional self-organized critical Oslo model
Authors: Podlazov Andrey Viktorovich
Published: December 2023

I study the Oslo model – a one-dimensional conservative strictly isotropic self-organized critical sandpile model. I obtain a complete analytical solution for it, and I also present confirming simulation results. The solution is based on a meso-level model. I consider the processes of this level as anomalous diffusion. To explain it, I consider various random walk mechanisms, one of which essentially takes into account the one-dimensional nature of the model.
Different protein levels in a super-intensive culture of juvenile Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) in biofloc systems during the early rearing phase
Authors: Braga Ítalo Felipe Mascena , Araújo Alan Carvalho de Sousa , Rosas Victor Torres , Monserrat José Maria , Tesser Marcelo Borges , Wasielesky Junior Wilson , Foes Geraldo
Published: December 2023

The determination of crude protein level in diets of aquatic organisms allows maximizing growth, decreasing feed costs and improving water quality. A nursery culture of Litopenaeus vannamei was carried out in superintensive biofloc systems using five diets with different protein levels (320 g kg-1 CP, 360 g kg-1 CP, 400 g kg-1 CP, 440 g kg-1 CP and 480 g kg-1 CP); each diet was used in quadruplicates. The experimental period lasted 35 days, and the shrimps (0.59± 0.001 g) were stocked at a density of 600 PL m-³, using 20 experimental units (50 L of useful volume). There were no significant differences in animal survival between treatments (p>0.05). The animals fed with 480 g kg-1 presented higher final weight, SGR when compared to the treatments fed with 320 g kg-1 (p<0.05). Furthermore, feeding shrimp with 32% CP diets results in a reduction in feed utilization and nutrient retention, thus increasing feed costs. Overall, the results show that it is possible to reduce the protein content of L. vannamei diets to up to 360 without affecting the zootechnical performance, survival and antioxidant capacity of the animals.
Hydraulic Joint Function and Osteoarthritis
Authors: Beverly Michael , Murray David W.
Published: December 2023

» This review of bone perfusion work introduces a new field of subchondral physiology.

» Intraosseous pressure (IOP) measured through an intraosseous needle reflects conditions only at the needle tip rather than being a constant for the whole bone.

» Measurements of IOP in vitro and in vivo, with and without proximal vascular occlusion, show that at rest, bone is perfused at normal physiological pressures.

» A subtraction perfusion range or bandwidth at the needle tip offers a better measure of bone health than a single IOP.

» With ordinary loads, very great subchondral pressures are generated.

» Subchondral tissues are relatively delicate but are microflexible with bone fat being essentially liquid at body temperature.

» Collectively, the subchondral tissues transmit load mainly through hydraulic pressure to the trabeculae and cortical shaft.

» White vascular marks on normal magnetic resonance imaging scans are present but are lost in early osteoarthritis.

» Histological studies confirm the presence of those vascular marks and also choke valves capable of supporting hydraulic pressure load transmission.

» Osteoarthritis seems to be at least partly a vasculomechanical disease.

» Understanding subchondral physiology will be key to better classification, control, prognosis, and treatment of osteoarthritis.
Ranking ports by vessel demand for depth
Authors: Young David , Scully Brandan , McGill Sean , Elkins Ashley , Kress Marin
Published: December 2023

The US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) traditionally uses two metrics to evaluate the maintenance of coastal navigation projects: tonnage at the associated port (representing relative importance) and the controlling depth in the channel (representing operating condition). These are incorporated into a risk-based decision framework directing funds where channel conditions have deteriorated and the disrupted tonnage potential is the highest. However, these metrics fail to capture shipper demand for the maintained depth service provided by the USACE through dredging. Using automatic identification system (AIS) data, the USACE is pioneering new metrics describing vessel demand for the channel depth, represented by vessel encroachment volume (VEV). VEV describes the volume of the hull intruding into a specified clearance margin above the bed and captures how much vessels use the deepest portions of USACE-dredged channels. This study compares the VEV among 13 ports over 4 years by combining AIS, tidal elevations, channel surveys, and sailing draft. The ports are ranked based on the services demanded by their user base to inform the decision framework driving dredge funding allocations. Integrating demand for-depth metrics into the Harbor Maintenance Fee assessment and/or Trust Fund disbursements could alleviate the constitutionality concerns and several criticisms levied against Harbor Maintenance funding.
OPTIMIZING LANTANA CLASSIFICATION: HIGH-ACCURACY MODEL UTILIZING FEATURE EXTRACTION
Authors: Sooai Adri Gabriel , Mau Sisilia Daeng Bakka , Siki Yovinia Carmeneja Hoar , Manehat Donatus Joseph , Sianturi Shine Crossifixio , Mondolang Alicia Herlin
Published: December 2023

As an invasive and poisonous plant, Lantana has become a pest in the agricultural world. Still, on the other hand, it becomes an ornamental plant with different positive potentials. Lantana flower datasets are not yet widely available for open image classification research, given that the research needs are still broad in remote sensing. This study aims to provide a model with classifier accuracy that outperforms similar studies and Lantana datasets for classification needs using several algorithms that can be run on small source computers.  This study used five types of lantana colors, red, white, yellow, purple, and orange, as the primary dataset, which had 411 instances. VGG16 assisted feature extraction in preparing datasets for the data training using three classifiers: decision tree, AdaBoost, and k-NN. 2-fold cross-validation, 5-fold cross-validation, and a self-organizing map are used to help validate each process. The experiment to measure the classifier's performance resulted in a good figure of 99.8% accuracy for 2-fold cross-validation, 100% for 5-fold cross-validation, and a primary dataset of lantana interest that can be accessed freely on the IEEE Data port. This study outperformed other related studies in terms of classifier accuracy.
Grounding Women's Land Rights: Towards equity and climate justice
Authors: Shadrack Naomi , Chakma Trimita
Published: December 2023

This policy paper provides a critical examination of international commitments on women's land rights, evaluating progress and persistent challenges. It scrutinizes commitments made through the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Generation Equality Forum (GEF) Action Coalitions, revealing a substantial disconnect between ambitions and implementation.
Further into the Margins: A regional report on Roma communities displaced by the Ukraine crisis
Authors: Iyer Padmini
Published: December 2023

This research report examines the experiences of Roma communities who have been displaced by the war in Ukraine. Roma in Ukraine and in Europe have historically faced discrimination and prejudice due to widely held stereotypes among the non-Roma majority. This report highlights how Roma internally displaced persons and refugees are discriminated against, and how, whereas many Ukrainian refugees have been welcomed with open arms in European countries, the same welcome has not been extended to Roma. The report also highlights the role of Roma-led organizations in supporting displaced Roma and reinvigorating the fight for the rights of Roma communities.
A fresh look at the intensity and impulsive strength of geomagnetic storms
Authors: Manu V. , Balan N. , Zhang Qing-He , Xing Zan-Yang
Published: December 2023

We notice an inconsistency in the geomagnetic storms having positive main phase onset (MPO >0 nT). The inconsistency makes the values of the storm indices (Dst and SymH) during the main phase and recovery phase significantly less than their actual values. We correct the inconsistency in 848 such storms (out of 1164 storms) during 1981-2019 by raising the 0-level of SymH to the MPO-level. The physically meaningful correction considers the full range of the main phase, increases the storm intensity (SymHMin) and impulsive strength (IpsSymH) by up to -149 nT and -139 nT, respectively, and seems important for all aspects of global space weather. For example, the corrected SymHMin changes the conventional storm identification and classification and corrected IpsSymH clearly identifies all 3 severe space weather events and 8 minor-system-damage space weather events from over 1100 normal space weather events.
Comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of cfDNA methylation marks in tumors reveals complex epigenetic regulatory circuits and diagnostic biomarkers
Authors: Lueong Smiths , Metzenmacher Martin , Zaun Gregor , Mayer Gina , Hemmer Erik , Lückerath Katharina , Pomykala Kelsey , Hegedues Balazs , Horn Peter , Trajkovic-Arsic Marija , Szarvas Tibor , Varaljai Renata , Keup Corinna , Tinhofer-Keilholtz Ingeborg , George Stephen , Kasimir-Bauer Sabine , Peña-Llopis Samuel , Kürten Cornelius , Boosfeld Lukas , Bruderek Kirsten , Brandau Sven , Darr Christopher , Hilser Thomas , Grünwald Viktor , Neubauer Hans , Esposito Irene , Fehm Tanja , Oláh Csilla , Csizmarik Anita , Hadaschik Boris , Thangarajah Fabinshy , Reetz Laura , Ghanam Jamal , Thakur Basant , Kalkavan Halime , Schuler Martin , Siveke Jens , Schramm Alexander , Rösch Alexander
Published: December 2023

DNA methylation is an extensively studied, stable, and fundamental epigenetic alteration in most cancer types1. Single-base-pair resolution analyses of DNA methylation is currently feasible2. Analysis of DNA methylation, in liquid biopsies hold practice-changing potentials3-6. Despite undeniable progress, clinical translation lags behind, mainly due to:
1) Challenges associated with DNA methylation analysis.
2) Fragmentation of circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA), worsened by bisulfite treatment.
3) Lack of clinical validation for reported ccfDNA methylation markers.
4) Limited functional characterization of ccfDNA methylation markers in tumors7.
We addressed these challenges by creating a comprehensive pan-cancer cfDNA methylation resource, utilizing pools comprising over 140 patient samples and assess the utility of this resource in over 500 patient plasma and tissue samples spanning around 15 cancer entities with different clinical phenotypes and treatment approaches. Furthermore, we developed a pan-cancer enzymatic digital PCR approach and optimized entity-specific assays for ccfDNA methylation scoring. We demonstrated that this resource can profile methylation in unexplored entities, and ccfDNA methylation patterns align with those in tumor samples. Additionally, we unveiled unconventional epigenetic regulation by methylated DNA-binding transcription factors, with tissue- and context-specific and dosage-dependent activities. This work provides a reference resource for identifying minimally invasive epigenetic markers and opens avenues for characterizing methylated DNA-binding transcription factors.
A Complementary Medicine student-led telehealth clinic: evaluating learning & teaching perceptions
Authors: Shew Tracelee , Health Catherine Smith , Connolly Greg , Fleischmann Michael , McLachlan Craig S.
Published: December 2023

Objectives
This study evaluates a multi-centered complementary medicine (CM) student-led telehealth clinic during the COVID-19 pandemic. Likert and qualitative responses explore student and educator learning and teaching perceptions of the implementation of a successful telehealth clinic.
Results
51 students and 17 educators completed the survey. Respondents agreed that support from educators (90%) and orientation (70%) assisted effective performance. Over ninety percent (93%) of all respondents supported telehealth in student-led clinics, whilst 87% encountered barriers such as technical and infrastructure issues. Respondents agreed that telehealth practice skills improved in case history taking (90%), treatment (90%) and building patient rapport (60%). Respondents (61%) disagreed that physical examination was effectively performed, and 100% of respondents agreed telehealth was a valuable learning experience.
This study is the first to explore student and educator perceptions of telehealth in an Australian University multi-centered CM student-led clinic. To be successful in an educational environment, students and educators require digital literacy and adequate telehealth practice infrastructure. Whilst some in-person practice skills are transferable to telehealth, educators need to adapt curriculum to ensure counselling and physical examination skills are specifically taught for virtual consultations. Telehealth in clinical practice requires continued investigation and educational development.
Development of new PCR protocols to detect genetic diversity in the metronidazole metabolism genes in susceptible and refractory clinical samples of Giardia duodenalis
Authors: Asghari Ali , Mahdavi Farzad , Yousefi Amirhosein , Shamsi Laya , Badali Roya , Irannejad Hamid , Mohammadi-Ghalehbin Behnam , Shahabi Saeed , Asgari Qasem , Motazedian Mohammad Hossein
Published: December 2023

Purpose
Investigating the genetic variation in thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) and nitroreductase (NR) genes in both treatment-resistant and sensitive Giardia duodenalis isolates can provide valuable information in identifying potential markers of resistance to metronidazole. The rapid increase in metronidazole treatment failures suggests the presence of genetic resistance mechanisms. By analyzing these genes, researchers can gain insights into the efficacy of metronidazole against G. duodenalis and potentially develop alternative treatment strategies. In this regard, four G. duodenalis isolates (two clinically sensitive and two clinically resistant to metronidazole) were collected from various hospitals of Shiraz, southwestern Iran.
Methods
Parasitological methods including sucrose flotation and microscopy were employed for the primary confirmation of G. duodenalis cysts in stool samples. Microscopy-positive samples were approved by SSU-PCR amplification of the parasite DNA. All four positive G. duodenalis specimens at SSU-PCR were afterward analyzed utilizing designed primers based on important metronidazole metabolism genes including TrxR, NR1, and NR2.
Results
Unlike TrxR gene, the results of NR1 and NR2 genes showed that there are non-synonymous variations between sequences of treatment-sensitive and resistant samples compared to reference sequences. Furthermore, the outcomes of molecular docking revealed that there is an interaction between the protein sequence and spatial shape of treatment-resistant samples and metronidazole in the position of serine amino acid based on the NR1 gene.
Conclusion
This issue can be one of the possible factors involved in the resistance of Giardia parasites to metronidazole. To reach more accurate results, a large sample size along with simulation and advanced molecular dynamics investigations are needed.
Caustic wavefront encoded imaging for snapshot three-dimensional fluorescence microscopy
Authors: Kumar Sanjeev , Huang Chongquan , Li Zheng , Lin Vincent , Chew Sing Yian , Ram Rajeev
Published: December 2023

High-resolution, three-dimensional fluorescence microscopy is widely used in biology and neuroscience. The challenges of conventional three-dimensional fluorescence microscopy which relies on scanning the focal spot across the object include limited imaging cycles due to photobleaching of the fluorophores, ambiguous spatiotemporal information in dynamic samples due to long scanning times, and mechanical perturbation during the scanning process. In this paper, we report a snapshot three-dimensional fluorescence microscopy method (CausWEI) where three-dimensional sample information is encoded in a single wide-field image by engineering a high-contrast, laterally invariant point-spread function composed of caustics generated via the interaction of a uniform, thick glass sample holder and a high-numerical aperture objective. The three-dimensional information is computationally reconstructed from the caustic pattern recorded at the camera plane. The method can be implemented with a wide-field fluorescence microscope, without any internal modification in the microscope optics. We qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate CausWEI’s capabilities and limitations with reference fluorescent beads, neural cells on three-dimensional scaffolds, and spinal cord tissue sections. CausWEI microscopy is of importance when fluorescently labelled features are located in a depth range significantly larger than the depth-of-field of the objective lens.
Research progress on the beneficial effects of exercise on endocrine system-related diseases in women by regulating ER stress pathways
Authors: Chen Dejian , Zhang Shuo , Sheng Shuhao , Cai Lingshi , Zheng Jisuo , Zhang Yaling , Wang Yong
Published: December 2023

Exercise, as an effective non-drug intervention, plays an important role in preventing and alleviating several diseases. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is caused by an excessive accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER and also serves as the body’s internal self-protection mechanism. ER stress occurrence can be detected in the cells in many diseases such as cancer, diabetes, obesity, osteoporosis, neurodegenerative diseases, and metabolic diseases. In recent years, exercise has been suggested to change the molecular mechanisms related to various diseases by regulating ER stress. With increasing attention on women's health, some common diseases have also become research hotspots, such as breast, ovarian, cervical, endometrial cancer, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and endometriosis prevention and treatment; and other diseases. This manuscript reviews the relationship between exercise and ER stress and its role in common female endocrine system-related diseases.
Remote Sensing-Based Vegetation Types Classification Using Landsat and Change Analysis Using Setinel-2a in Google Earth Engine
Authors: Rohith Kolupuri , Vudatha Venkata Pavan Sai Hari Vamsi , Rathna TalluriPranoom Keerthi , Lakshmi G. Jaya
Published: December 2023

we present a comprehensive analysis of vegetation types using remote sensing techniques, specifically utilizing Landsat imagery, followed by change analysis through Sentinel-2A data, all conducted within the Google Earth Engine platform. Our research aims to develop a robust methodology for the classification of vegetation types, leveraging the multi-spectral capabilities of Landsat satellites. We employ advanced image processing and machine learning algorithms to accurately categorize various vegetation types across a chosen study area. Furthermore, we utilize Sentinel-2A imagery to track temporal changes in vegetation cover, enabling the identification of land cover alterations over time. By combining Landsat’s spectral richness with Sentinel2A’s temporal consistency, we offer a holis- tic approach for vegetation monitoring and change detection. The results of this study have the potential to significantly enhance our understanding of ecosystem dynamics, support informed land management decisions, and contribute to the conservation of natural habitats in a rapidly changing world.
Effect of different storage conditions and combined use of ethylene blocker on ‘Shalimar’ apple quality
Authors: Khera Kartik , Büchele Felix , Wood Rachael Maree , Thewes Fabio Rodrigo , Wagner Roger , Hagemann Michael Helmut , Neuwald Daniel Alexandre
Published: December 2023

Post-storage apple quality is affected by various factors, for instance, the stage of maturity at harvest, storage conditions, and post-harvest treatments. Storage conditions are crucial in deciding the fruit quality and flavor perceived by consumers. The variety 'Shalimar' (Topaz x Golden Delicious) is known to be resistant to scabs and mildew. To date, no research articles have established the optimal storage method for this particular cultivar. This study investigated the fruit quality and volatile profile of the 'Shalimar' apple variety as affected by storage conditions i.e., controlled atmosphere (CA), dynamic control atmosphere (DCA), and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) application after 7 months of storage. It was found that CA and DCA were both effective techniques to maintain fruit quality. 1-MCP significantly improved firmness maintenance in all storage treatments. CA-stored and 1-MCP-treated fruit showed a reduction in volatile organic compounds. DCA with carbon dioxide monitoring (DCA-CD) was an effective technique in maintaining 'Shalimar' fruit quality and ensuring higher volatile compound production after 7 months of storage.
Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Parameters of the Elliptical Distribution Using Depth-based Multivariate Records
Authors: Tat Samaneh , Faridrohani Mohammad Reza
Published: December 2023

In this article, the maximum likelihood estimation approach is considered for estimating the unknown parameters of some members of the elliptical distributions using the depth-based multivariate record values, a new innovative concept of records recently defined by the authors. The problem is discussed under some scenarios in which the Mahalanobis and projection depth functions are employed. For all the scenarios, the likelihood equations are formulated and the maximum likelihood estimates are obtained through numerical methods. The simulation studies were implemented to evaluate the behavior of these maximum likelihood estimations and demonstrate the good performance of MLEs by the multivariate depth-based records. Also, we have applied our proposed depth-based maximum likelihood estimation of a real data set related to the drought of Kermanshah city, Iran, which shows very satisfactory compared to the maximum likelihood estimation with complete data.
MSC codes: 62H12, 62G32.
Low-carbon optimal dispatching of electric-heat-gas coupled integrated energy system based on improved MVO algorithm
Authors: Yanan Bai , haizhu Yang , Zhang Peng
Published: December 2023

To further reduce the carbon emissions of the integrated energy system and improve the energy consumption rate, this paper proposes an optimal dispatching strategy for the electric, hot, and gas-coupled integrated energy system including stepped carbon trading. First, an electric-heat-gas coupling dispatching framework for combined heat and power units, air-source heat pumps, and power-to-gas was established. A scheduling deviation model caused by changing operating conditions of the air-source heat pump was established, and power-to-gas considering waste heat recovery was introduced to achieve energy complementation and synergy; Secondly, a stepped carbon trading mechanism was introduced to constrain system carbon emissions, with the weighted combination of economy, carbon emissions, and wind and photovoltaic abandonment as the optimization goal; finally, by improving the parameters travel distance rate and wormhole existence probability, combined with differential variation The multiverse algorithm is improved from three aspects: strategy and compression factor, and the model is solved. The results show that the improved algorithm can effectively improve the solution efficiency, thus verifying the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed strategy.