bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Imagens dialéticas no poema O navio negreiro de Castro Alves
Authors: Santos Neto Artur Bispo dos
Published: July 2015

O desenvolvimento do poema O navio negreiro revela a pertinência da interpretação benjaminiana da alegoria como categoria-chave para entender as contradições do mundo. A vivência do choque e da ruptura é o cerne dessa tragédia no mar, em que o poeta reveste as palavras com os contornos das imagens alegóricas. No poema assistimos dançar a serpente, o chicote, as correntes, as bandeiras, o barco nas ondas do mar e a multidão dos escravos. O poeta toma o partido das vítimas da narrativa e mostra as marcas do sofrimento do outro, daquele que é silenciado pela história oficial. Isso é possível porque o olhar do poeta é dialético, é um olhar oblíquo, que reconstrói as coisas sob diferentes ângulos.
Lo alegórico y el rastro: acerca de la inscripción de la temporalidad en Ursprung des deutschen Trauerspiel y el Passagen-Werk
Authors: Castel María
Published: July 2015

La simetría del estudio benjaminiano sobre el Drama Barroco y su proyecto historiográfico entorno a los Pasajes de París, aparece documentada en numerosas piezas de su correspondencia personal.Queremos aquí proponer una analogía que Benjamin no ha explicitado: así como en el libro sobre elDrama Barroco las categorías de análisis fundamentales son las figuras estéticas del símbolo y laalegoría –y si bien estas categorías perviven en el Libro de los Pasajes, sobre todo en las seccionesreferidas a Baudelaire- es el par aura-rastro el que resulta clave a la hora de indagar el siglo XIX. Nuestrahipótesis es que es posible establecer un paralelo entre ambos pares conceptuales.
Duas ou três coisas sobre a montagem das imagens em Jorge de Lima
Authors: Carmello Patricia
Published: July 2015

Este artigo parte da noção de montagem para analisar as Fotomontagens de Jorge de Lima, através de contribuições de autores da Psicanálise e da Teoria da Arte, bem como estudos sobre as vanguardas do início do século passado. Aqui, comparo a montagem de imagens artísticas a uma montagem surrealista de imagens de memória.
Negatividade e crítica de arte no romantismo alemão: Agamben e Benjamin
Authors: Lima Sérgio Henrique Da Silva
Published: July 2015

Para tratar do conceito de crítica de arte na modernidade - no que tange às concepções de contemporaneidade e história – os pensadores Giorgio Agamben e Walter Benjamin recorrerão à poesia progressiva do primeiro romantismo. Sob a luz de um pensamento estético que se estende à própria ideia de pensamento contemporâneo, discute-se o caráter de uma filosofia inominável que só pode ser pensada quando ela própria defende a re-estruturação do pensamento como um fazer pro-dutivo : o fazer que pressupõe a poiesis.
A naturalidade do estilo em Franz Kafka e Murilo Rubião
Authors: Barbosa Manuela Ribeiro
Published: July 2015

Conquanto “estilo” seja um conceito em si complexo e passível de debate, o conjunto das características idiomáticas (vocabulário, imagens recorrentes, sintaxe) de um autor pode ser considerado um bom parâmetro para análise de suas produções e para compreensão de sua singularidade. Ao mesmo tempo, a observação das marcas peculiares de cada escritor permite estabelecer comparações com outros artistas. Neste trabalho buscamos explorar as diferenças e similaridades entre Murilo Rubião e Franz Kafka a partir da noção de naturalidade.
Recordações da revolução: Quarteto, de Heiner Müller, e a peça de aprendizagem brechtiana
Authors: Gatti Luciano
Published: July 2015

O artigo discute a peça Quarteto, de Heiner Müller, a partir de questões recuperadas dos debates entre Walter Benjamin e Bertolt Brecht a respeito de Franz Kafka. Segundo a hipótese do artigo, o posicionamento crítico de Müller perante Brecht, exposto no ensaio “Fatzer ± Keuner” é um elemento central para a reconfiguração de seu teatro ao longo dos anos 1970. É nesse período que surge uma peça como Quarteto, a qual é analisada aqui na perspectiva do enfrentamento crítico dos pressupostos do teatro brechtiano.
Expressionismo, epistemologia e política
Authors: Freitas Romero
Published: July 2015

O artigo procura mostrar como a seção “Barroco e expressionismo” do “Prefácio de crítica de conhecimento” contém mais do que uma comparação entre dois estilos artísticos. Ao falar sobre “o colapso da cultura classicista alemã”, Benjamin pretenderia, na verdade, fazer um esboço das relações entre arte, política e ciência nos conturbados anos iniciais da República de Weimar.
Формирование стратегии устойчивого развития высокотехнологичного предприятия на основе управления клиентелой
Authors: Баранова Ирина Вячеславовна , Мурадов Александр Александрович
Published: July 2015

В статье рассматриваются вопросы формирования стратегии устойчивого развития высокотехнологичного предприятия. Предлагается метод количественной оценки темпов роста фундаментальной стоимости предприятия. Излагается стратегия повышения устойчивости развития предприятия путем организации эффективного управления взаимоотношениями с клиентами.
Стратегия перехода предприятий на инновационный путь развития под воздействием нестабильности внешней среды: стоимостной подход
Authors: Зайцев Александр Владимирович , Седларж Йозеф
Published: July 2015

В статье продемонстрированы особенности влияния изменений внешней среды и процессов глобализации при переходе предприятий на инновационный путь развития. Обобщены факторы, оказывающие воздействие на реализацию предприятием концепции роста стоимости. Обосновано, что современная концепция управления предприятием предполагает комбинированные подходы. С этой целью предлагается подход к формированию совокупности показателей эффективности деятельности предприятия посредством синтеза нескольких управленческих инструментов. В качестве подобных инструментов рассмотрены бюджетный метод управления и система сбалансированных показателей, применяющихся при реализации в комплексе со стратегией максимизации рыночной стоимости.
Evaluation of the use of low-level laser therapy in pain control in orthodontic patients: A randomized split-mouth clinical trial
Authors: Farias Rodrigo Duarte , Closs Luciane Quadrado , Miguens Sergio Augusto Quevedo
Published: July 2015

Objective: 

To evaluate the effect of using low-level laser therapy (LLLT) to control pain and discomfort during orthodontic treatment.

Materials and Methods: 

A randomized, split-mouth clinical trial was conducted with 30 volunteers in need of orthodontic treatment, of both genders, aged between 18 and 40 years, who were randomly divided into two groups. One hemiarch was considered the exposed group (EG) and the other, the placebo group (PG). Both groups had elastic separators placed mesially and distally to the first molars of the two hemiarches at different times. The EG received an AIGaAs diode LLLT (810 nm, 100 mW, 2J/cm2) application for 15 seconds per point (interdental papilla at the mesial, distal, and near the root apex) immediately after separator placement on the maxillary right side. The PG also had elastics placed around the maxillary right molars, but received only simulated LLLT application. The elastics were left in place for 5 days, and after a waiting period of 1 week, they were inserted on the left side in both groups; however, the order of laser application was changed. While the separator remained in place, the patient marked his degree of perceived discomfort on a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) at 5 minutes (T0), 24 hours (T1), and 120 hours (T2), after LLLT application.

Results: 

A statistically significant difference was observed (P < .005) in reducing discomfort in the exposed group compared with the placebo group. This reduction of discomfort in the EG was observed at all time intervals.

Conclusions: 

A sincle AIGaAs diode LLLT application may be indicated for the control or reduction of pain in the early stages of orthodontic treatment.
Reversal of New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes With an Agonistic TLR4/MD-2 Monoclonal Antibody
Authors: Bednar Kyle J. , Tsukamoto Hiroki , Kachapati Kritika , Ohta Shoichiro , Wu Yuehong , Katz Jonathan D. , Ascherman Dana P. , Ridgway William M.
Published: July 2015

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is currently an incurable disease, characterized by a silent prodromal phase followed by an acute clinical phase, reflecting progressive autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells. Autoreactive T cells play a major role in β-cell destruction, but innate immune cell cytokines and costimulatory molecules critically affect T-cell functional status. We show that an agonistic monoclonal antibody to TLR4/MD-2 (TLR4-Ab) reverses new-onset diabetes in a high percentage of NOD mice. TLR4-Ab induces antigen-presenting cell (APC) tolerance in vitro and in vivo, resulting in an altered cytokine profile, decreased costimulatory molecule expression, and decreased T-cell proliferation in APC:T-cell assays. TLR4-Ab treatment increases T-regulatory cell (Treg) numbers in both the periphery and the pancreatic islet, predominantly expanding the Helios+Nrp-1+Foxp3+ Treg subset. TLR4-Ab treatment in the absence of B cells in NOD.scid mice prevents subsequent T cell–mediated disease, further suggesting a major role for APC tolerization in disease protection. Specific stimulation of the innate immune system through TLR4/MD-2, therefore, can restore tolerance in the aberrant adaptive immune system and reverse new-onset T1D, suggesting a novel immunological approach to treatment of T1D in humans.
Promoted Interaction of Nuclear Factor-κB With Demethylated Purinergic P2X3 Receptor Gene Contributes to Neuropathic Pain in Rats With Diabetes
Authors: Zhang Hong-Hong , Hu Ji , Zhou You-Lang , Qin Xin , Song Zhen-Yuan , Yang Pan-Pan , Hu Shufen , Jiang Xinghong , Xu Guang-Yin
Published: July 2015

Painful diabetic neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes produced by mechanisms that as yet are incompletely defined. The aim of this study was to investigate the roles of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in the regulation of purinergic receptor P2X ligand-gated ion channel 3 (P2X3R) plasticity in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons of rats with painful diabetes. Here, we showed that hindpaw pain hypersensitivity in streptozocin-induced diabetic rats was attenuated by treatment with purinergic receptor antagonist suramin or A-317491. The expression and function of P2X3Rs was markedly enhanced in hindpaw-innervated DRG neurons in diabetic rats. The CpG (cytosine guanine dinucleotide) island in the p2x3r gene promoter region was significantly demethylated, and the expression of DNA methyltransferase 3b was remarkably downregulated in DRGs in diabetic rats. The binding ability of p65 (an active form of NF-κB) with the p2x3r gene promoter region and p65 expression were enhanced significantly in diabetes. The inhibition of p65 signaling using the NF-κB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate or recombinant lentiviral vectors designated as lentiviral vector-p65 small interfering RNA remarkably suppressed P2X3R activities and attenuated diabetic pain hypersensitivity. Insulin treatment significantly attenuated pain hypersensitivity and suppressed the expression of p65 and P2X3Rs. Our findings suggest that the p2x3r gene promoter DNA demethylation and enhanced interaction with p65 contributes to P2X3R sensitization and diabetic pain hypersensitivity.
JOSPT Provides Kudos Service to Authors
Authors: Simoneau Guy G. , Holmes Edith
Published: July 2015

To ensure that our authors' high-quality work reaches the widest possible audience, JOSPT has partnered with Kudos, a new service that provides tools for authors to maximize the visibility and reach of their published work. Using Kudos, authors can explain and share their work with wider audiences and measure the impact of this sharing on downloads, citations, and other performance measures, such as article-level metrics. For complete information on how to get the most out of your published work using Kudos, please visit the Kudos for JOSPT Authors page on JOSPT's website at http://www.jospt.org/page/authors/kudosforJOSPTauthors .

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2015;45(7):501–502. doi:10.2519/jospt.2015.0107
Earthquake Aftermath-Myth or Reality?
Authors: Nayak Niranjan
Published: July 2015

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/nje.v5i2.12827Nepal J Epidemiol. 2015;5(2); 465-467.
Reverse, restore, repeat!
Authors: Kesküla Eeva
Published: July 2015

In this article, I look at Russian-speaking miners' perception of their position in Estonian society, along with their moral economy. Former heroes, glorified for their class and ethnicity, they feel like a racialized underclass in neoliberal Estonia. Excluded from the nation on the basis of ethnicity, they try to maintain their dignity through the discourse of hard work as a basis for membership in society. Based on the longer-term analysis of Estonian history, I argue that the current outcome for the Russian-speaking working class is related to longer historical processes of class formation whereby each period in the Estonian history of the twentieth century seems to be the reversal of the previous one. I also argue for analysis of social change in Eastern Europe that does not focus solely on ethnicity but is linked to class formation processes.
Joseph Warren: a discussion of his life and analysis of his death
Authors: Holland Ryan , Sabourin Victor M. , Gandhi Chirag D. , Carmel Peter W. , Prestigiacomo Charles J.
Published: July 2015

As his fellow soldiers ran past him, Joseph Warren stood bravely on Bunker Hill. It was June 17, 1775, and British troops were fighting the colonists in one of the early battles of the American Revolution. The British had already attempted two major assaults that day, and the third would end with Warren’s death. He was a medical doctor, public figure, and general who spent his life and last living moments fighting for freedom for the American colonists.

After the battle, there was much confusion about what had happened to Joseph Warren. Some thought he had survived the battle; other accounts differed on how exactly he had died. The details of the events on Bunker Hill remained a mystery until the following year, when Paul Revere helped identify Warren’s body by the false teeth that had been implanted years earlier. Warren’s remains showed that his head had been struck by a bullet.

Analysis of the skull helped to sift through the differing tales of Warren’s death and thus unveil the truth about what occurred that day. The smaller bullet wound in the left maxilla suggests that he was not shot while retreating with the rest of the soldiers. The larger exit wound in the right occiput illustrates that the bullet’s trajectory crossed the midline of the brain and most likely injured the brainstem. Therefore, contrary to rumors that circulated at the time, Joseph Warren most likely was killed instantly at the Battle of Bunker Hill while heroically facing his enemy.
Understanding Edward Muybridge: historical review of behavioral alterations after a 19th-century head injury and their multifactorial influence on human life and culture
Authors: Manjila Sunil , Singh Gagandeep , Alkhachroum Ayham M. , Ramos-Estebanez Ciro
Published: July 2015

Edward Muybridge was an Anglo-American photographer, well known for his pioneering contributions in photography and his invention of the “zoopraxiscope,” a forerunner of motion pictures. However, this 19th-century genius, with two original patents in photographic technology, made outstanding contributions in art and neurology alike, the latter being seldom acknowledged. A head injury that he sustained changed his behavior and artistic expression. The shift of his interests from animal motion photography to human locomotion and gait remains a pivotal milestone in our understanding of patterns in biomechanics and clinical neurology, while his own behavioral patterns, owing to an injury to the orbitofrontal cortex, remain a mystery even for cognitive neurologists. The behavioral changes he exhibited and the legal conundrum that followed, including a murder of which he was acquitted, all depict the complexities of his personality and impact of frontal lobe injuries. This article highlights the life journey of Muybridge, drawing parallels with Phineas Gage, whose penetrating head injury has been studied widely. The wide sojourn of Muybridge also illustrates the strong connections that he maintained with Stanford and Pennsylvania universities, which were later considered pinnacles of higher education on the two coasts of the United States.
Left temporal craniotomy for clipping of fusiform aneurysm of posterior cerebral artery
Authors: Malik Ghaus M. , Pabaney Aqueel H.
Published: July 2015

Aneurysms of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) are a distinct pathological entity and are surgically challenging. Fusiform aneurysms involving the PCA are quite rare and scarcely reported in the literature. In this video, we demonstrate the utility of the subtemporal approach to surgically reconstruct an unruptured, fusiform aneurysm of the left PCA, located at the junction of P3 and P4 segments. Curved clips were used to reconstruct the aneurysm such that flow was maintained in the parent vessel as well as distal branches. Postoperatively, the patient remained neurologically intact.

The video can be found here: http://youtu.be/l7yzUPsaMc4.
Microsurgical treatment of recurrent coiled aneurysms
Authors: David Carlos A.
Published: July 2015

The number of endovascularly-treated aneurysms has steadily increased over the past two decades. A small but significant number of recurrent or partially recanalized aneurysms have been identified. If repeat endovascular therapies are not feasible due to anatomical or technical considerations, surgical clipping may be considered. The technical challenges in the microsurgical treatment include coils interfering with the clip application; the possibility of an aneurysm that is less collapsible and less easy to manipulate; and intraluminal thrombus formation requiring thrombus and coil removal. The video presents the technical steps and nuances for clipping. The technical issues for coil removal are illustrated in two cases.

The video can be found here: http://youtu.be/NvhSDVT4iuE.
Accountable wiretapping – or – I know they can hear you now
Authors: Bates Adam , Butler Kevin R.B. , Sherr Micah , Shields Clay , Traynor Patrick , Wallach Dan
Published: July 2015

Abstract

In many democratic countries, Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act (CALEA) wiretaps are used by law enforcement agencies to perform investigations and gather evidence for legal procedures. However, existing CALEA wiretap implementations are often engineered with the assumption that wiretap operators are trustworthy and wiretap targets do not attempt to evade the wiretap. Although it may be possible to construct more robust wiretap architectures by reengineering significant portions of the telecommunications infrastructure, such efforts are prohibitively costly. This paper instead proposes a lightweight accountable wiretapping system for enabling secure audits of existing CALEA wiretapping systems. Our proposed system maintains a tamper-evident encrypted log over wiretap events, enforces access controls over wiretap records, and enables privacy-preserving aggregate queries and compliance checks. We demonstrate using campus-wide telephone trace data from a large university that our approach provides efficient auditing functionalities while incurring only modest overhead. Based on publicly available wiretap reporting statistics, we conservatively estimate that our architecture can support tamper-evident logging for all of the United States’ ongoing CALEA wiretaps using three commodity PCs.
Practical and provably secure distance-bounding
Authors: Boureanu Ioana , Mitrokotsa Aikaterini , Vaudenay Serge
Published: July 2015

Abstract

From contactless payments to remote car unlocking, many applications are vulnerable to relay attacks. Distance bounding protocols are the main practical countermeasure against these attacks. In this paper, we present a formal analysis of SKI, which recently emerged as the first family of lightweight and provably secure distance bounding protocols. More precisely, we explicate a general formalism for distance-bounding protocols, which lead to this practical and provably secure class of protocols (and it could lead to others). We prove that SKI and its variants are provably secure, even under the real-life setting of noisy communications, against the main types of relay attacks: distance-fraud and generalised versions of mafia- and terrorist-fraud. To attain resistance to terrorist-fraud, we reinforce the idea of using secret sharing, combined with the new notion of a leakage scheme. In view of resistance to generalised mafia-frauds (and terrorist-frauds), we present the notion of circular-keying for pseudorandom functions (PRFs); this notion models the employment of a PRF, with possible linear reuse of the key. We also identify the need of PRF masking to fix common mistakes in existing security proofs/claims. Finally, we enhance our design to guarantee resistance to terrorist-fraud in the presence of noise.
Tanshinone IIA inactivates Akt and induces caspase-dependent death in cervical cancer cells via the mitochondrial pathway
Authors: Li Hu , Xu Yan , Yang Li , He Lei
Published: July 2015

In human cervical cancer cells pro-apoptotic effect of tanshinone IIA isolated from the ethanol extract of Scutellaria barbata was investigated. Tanshinone IIA treatment resulted in apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential loss in the cervical cancer cells. The viability of SW756 and C4-1 cells was reduced in a concentration dependent manner on treatment with tanshinone IIA for 36 hours. Flow cytometric analysis in SW756 cells showed marked increase in accumulation of sub-G1-phase cell population. Tanshinone IIA treatment also caused significant increase in DNA fragmentation in these cells. DAPI staining revealed significant increase in nuclear condensation and apoptotic body formation on tanshinone IIA treatment in SW756 cells However, the effect of tanshinone IIA was reversed by caspase inhibitor, z-VAD-fmk. In tanshinone IIA treated cells Akt phosphorylation was markedly reduced and this decrease was inhibited by LY294002 (phosphatidylinositol-3'-kinase inhibitor). Tanshinone IIA treated apoptotic cells exhibited decrease in expression of Mcl-1. Thus tanshinone IIA induces apoptosis in cervical cancer cells through mitochondrial pathway.   

 
Induction of cell death in prostate cancer cells by escopoletin, a promising treatment strategy
Authors: Chen Da , Zhang Xiao-Yi , Zheng Fa-Zhu , Wang Hai-Tao , Cai Jian-Liang , Xia Ming
Published: July 2015

Escopoletin, a phenolic compound belonging to anthocyanin family shows promising antioxidant activities. In the present study, anti-cancer effects of escopoletin treatment in DU145 cells were investigated. The sulphorhodamine-B staining and annexin V and propidium iodide were respectively used for the analysis of cell viability and death. The results revealed a significantly higher cytotoxicity by escopoletin that caused cell death in DU145 cells. Escopoletin treatment in DU145 cells markedly inhibited cell growth through non-apoptotic cell death and induced significant reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. It also induced G1 cell cycle arrest and cyclin D1 accumulation through the enhanced expression of p21. However, the effect of escopoletin on DU145 cells was reversed by pretreatment with glutathione antioxidant. This suggests that escopoletin induced generation of ROS is responsible for the increased cytotoxicity in DU145 cells. Thus, escopoletin exhibits potential therapeutic efficacy for the treatment of prostate cancer.

 
Metamodels of a gas turbine powered marine propulsion system for simulation and diagnostic purposes
Authors: Campora U. , Capelli M. , Cravero C. , Zaccone R.
Published: July 2015

The paper presents the application of artificial neural network for simulation and diagnostic purposes applied to a gas turbine powered marine propulsion plant. A simulation code for the propulsion system, developed by the authors, has been extended to take into account components degradation or malfunctioning with the addition of performance reduction coefficients. The above coefficients become input variables to the analysis method and define the system status at a given operating point. The simulator is used to generate databases needed to perform a variable selection analysis and to tune response surfaces for both direct (simulation) and inverse (diagnostic) purposes. The application of the methodology to the propulsion system of an existing frigate version demonstrate the potential of the approach.
Green ship recycle yard design
Authors: Sunaryo Sunaryo , Pahalatua Dovan
Published: July 2015

The life cycle of a ship has an age limit related to its operation. When the ship economically is not profitable any more, it will be recycled or scrapped. Since the scrapped ship has plenty of hazardous materials, special care should be carried out to manage the wastes in accordance with the national and international available regulations. With regard to this a ship recycle yard that conducts ship breaking and recycle of the ships outfits, machineries, and infrastructure should be well designed in order to comply to all regulations that prevent it from producing harmful and polluting wastes to human and environment. The study was aimed to design an environmentally friendly or green ship recycle yard in Indonesia as a pilot project in anticipation to the booming of old used merchant ships fleet due to the implementation of cabotage principle. The project is located in the Maritime Industrial Cluster in Tanggamus Regency, Lampung Province, Sumatera. The ship recycle yard is designed with a capacity of maximum 30,000 DWT ship to be recycled, and all the activities involve in the yard would comply and refer to the environmental and IMO regulations, to ensure that no harm and hazardous wastes polluting the surrounding land and sea by arranging a proper layout and providing proper facilities and working procedures.
Bacterial Cellulose Production from Industrial Waste and by-Product Streams
Authors: Tsouko Erminda , Kourmentza Constantina , Ladakis Dimitrios , Kopsahelis Nikolaos , Mandala Ioanna , Papanikolaou Seraphim , Paloukis Fotis , Alves Vitor , Koutinas Apostolis
Published: July 2015

The utilization of fermentation media derived from waste and by-product streams from biodiesel and confectionery industries could lead to highly efficient production of bacterial cellulose. Batch fermentations with the bacterial strain Komagataeibacter sucrofermentans DSM (Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen) 15973 were initially carried out in synthetic media using commercial sugars and crude glycerol. The highest bacterial cellulose concentration was achieved when crude glycerol (3.2 g/L) and commercial sucrose (4.9 g/L) were used. The combination of crude glycerol and sunflower meal hydrolysates as the sole fermentation media resulted in bacterial cellulose production of 13.3 g/L. Similar results (13 g/L) were obtained when flour-rich hydrolysates produced from confectionery industry waste streams were used. The properties of bacterial celluloses developed when different fermentation media were used showed water holding capacities of 102–138 g·water/g·dry bacterial cellulose, viscosities of 4.7–9.3 dL/g, degree of polymerization of 1889.1–2672.8, stress at break of 72.3–139.5 MPa and Young’s modulus of 0.97–1.64 GPa. This study demonstrated that by-product streams from the biodiesel industry and waste streams from confectionery industries could be used as the sole sources of nutrients for the production of bacterial cellulose with similar properties as those produced with commercial sources of nutrients.
Iran's Strategy for Saving Asad
Authors: Terrill W. Andrew
Published: July 2015

For decades, Iran has supported the regime of Bashar al-Asad in Syria with military advisors, weapons, and both diplomatic and financial support due to Tehran's belief that a pro-Iranian government in Syria is a core national interest. In this regard, cooperation with Damascus has provided
Tehran with a number of strategic advantages, which it is loath to surrender. More recently, the Iranians have also come to view Syria as a vital ally against the threat of the Islamic State in Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS). In this environment, the Islamic Republic will likely continue to bolster
the Asad regime even if the Syrian civil war continues for years.
Using natural language processing techniques to inform research on nanotechnology
Authors: Lewinski Nastassja A , McInnes Bridget T
Published: July 2015

Literature in the field of nanotechnology is exponentially increasing with more and more engineered nanomaterials being created, characterized, and tested for performance and safety. With the deluge of published data, there is a need for natural language processing approaches to semi-automate the cataloguing of engineered nanomaterials and their associated physico-chemical properties, performance, exposure scenarios, and biological effects. In this paper, we review the different informatics methods that have been applied to patent mining, nanomaterial/device characterization, nanomedicine, and environmental risk assessment. Nine natural language processing (NLP)-based tools were identified: NanoPort, NanoMapper, TechPerceptor, a Text Mining Framework, a Nanodevice Analyzer, a Clinical Trial Document Classifier, Nanotoxicity Searcher, NanoSifter, and NEIMiner. We conclude with recommendations for sharing NLP-related tools through online repositories to broaden participation in nanoinformatics.
Identidad y fiscalidad: los gazis de Sevilla ante el pago del Servicio Morisco de 1597
Authors: Fernández Chaves Manuel Francisco
Published: July 2015

En este trabajo se analiza la resistencia de grupos de raigambre cultural islámica como los mudéjares y gazis a su inclusión en el «servicio de los naturales del Reino de Granada» creado tras la expulsión de los moriscos de dicho reino a partir de 1591. A través del análisis de diversa documentación, fundamentalmente notarial, se reconstruye la evolución de las categorías de gazi y berberisco desde su presencia en el reino de Granada tras 1502 hasta su ulterior deportación tras la guerra de las Alpujarras. Se estudia aquí la variable interpretación y valoración de estas dos categorías según el interés y posición de los distintos actores implicados en el proceso de homogeneización fiscal que los moriscos impusieron a otras categorías menores de la población neoconversa presente en suelo castellano en el siglo XVI. La resistencia de los mudéjares antiguos y gazis de la ciudad de Sevilla muestra las divergencias que existían tanto en el seno de la comunidad morisca como entre ésta y el resto de gentes de origen islámico en Castilla, que se debían a la diversidad de origen geográfico de su procedencia así como a la colisión de las jerarquías deportadas desde la ciudad de Granada con individuos de otra procedencia y estructuras sociales diferentes.
Estela funeraria de cronología omeya aparecida en Madrid (308/921)
Authors: Martínez-Núñez María Antonia
Published: July 2015

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo la traducción y estudio de una estela funeraria aparecida en el centro histórico de Madrid. Contiene el epitafio de un varón fallecido en el año 308/921. Este epígrafe tiene un gran interés histórico por su cronología temprana y por ser la primera inscripción árabe del periodo andalusí que ha aportado Madrid.
Nada dá certo
Authors: Strivay Lucienne , Mougenot Catherine
Published: July 2015

Os homens sempre e por toda parte fizeram alguma coisa sobre ou com a “natureza”. Mas as questões não são as mesmas em todos os lugares e as tomadas de decisões que disso resultam podem seguir vias totalmente divergentes. As introduções ou as reintroduções das espécies se multiplicaram a partir de empreendimentos cujo sucesso nunca foi evidente. Considerando-os de perto, descobrimos que são como misturas entre receitas populares, fórmulas de tecnociências e também surpresas que os seres vivos sempre reservaram. Neste artigo defendemos esta ideia seguindo as trajetórias do coelho europeu (Oryctolagus cuniculus) até a Austrália ou Nova-Zelândia. Examinamos os modos como tais trajetórias se cruzaram com outras maneiras de entrar em relação com, de um lado, os não humanos e, de outro, com a ecologia aplicada que acabava de ser descoberta no início do século XX. Diversas controvérsias se sucederam a partir de então. Estas podem ser descritas como crises ou momentos a serem esquecidos. Para nós, elas aparecem antes de tudo como maneiras de desvendar os grandes trabalhos de ordenamento. Não há nenhuma categoria clara nessas histórias, nenhum equilíbrio. Somente seres vivos que se cruzam, se transformam, se sobrepõem, se evitam.
O que é um humano? Variações da noção de domesticação em Tim Ingold
Authors: Sautchuk Carlos Emanuel , Stoeckli Pedro
Published: July 2015

Este ensaio bibliográfico resenha o tratamento da relação entre humanos e animais na obra do antropólogo britânico Tim Ingold, por meio do enfoque nos usos variados da noção de domesticação. São analisadas aqui as sete obras autorais de Ingold, que compõem quatro fases de seu pensamento. De ferramenta para uma aproximação das relações interespecíficas entre humanos e renas, a domesticação passa a figurar como um modo de reposicionar a relação entre humanos e animais no plano da evolução, em seguida é repensada no âmbito de uma crítica à sociedade industrial e, por fim, tem seu valor enquanto conceito dissipado pela ideia de uma onipresença da vida.

This article reviews the reflections about the relationship between humans and animals in the work of the British anthropologist Tim Ingold by focusing on the different uses of the concept of domestication. We analyze here the seven major works of the author that comprise four phases of his thought. Initially a tool used by Ingold to approach interspecific relationships between humans and the reindeer, domestication is reconsidered as a way of repositioning the relationship between humans and animals in terms of evolution. It is then reconsidered in the context of a critique of the industrial society, and, ultimately, it has its value as a concept dissipated by the idea of an omnipresent life.
Um balanço da antropologia da saúde no Brasil e seus diálogos com as antropologias mundiais
Authors: Langdon Esther Jean , Follér Maj-Lis , Maluf Sônia Weidner
Published: July 2015

Este artigo busca fazer um balanço da pesquisa antropológica em saúde no Brasil e seu impacto internacional à luz das antropologias mundiais e das discussões sobre modernidade e colonialismo. Desde 1970, uma rede de antropólogos que pesquisa o tema da saúde tem se formado e consolidado, acompanhando a expansão dos programas de pós-graduação no país. Descreve-se no artigo o surgimento de grupos de pesquisa, as reuniões e as publicações, com o objetivo de caracterizar a antropologia da saúde brasileira como um programa de pesquisa distinto das antropologias norte-americanas e europeias chamadas médicas, da saúde ou da doença. Para explorar a participação de pesquisadores brasileiros no discurso global sobre saúde e, mais especificamente, no diálogo norte-sul, foram analisadas a visibilidade e a circulação das referências sobre as publicações acadêmicas na área. De uma perspectiva comparada, argumentamos que o impacto internacional das pesquisas antropológicas sobre saúde feitas no Brasil reflete tanto processos históricos e políticos desta pesquisa como a dinâmica de realização e circulação da produção acadêmica e científica no plano internacional, assim como perspectivas, interesses, ethos e valores dos pesquisadores brasileiros nesse campo do conhecimento.
Interesse moderno pelo folclore: nação e cultura no Mapa Musical do Brasil da gravadora Marcus Pereira
Authors: Sautchuk João Miguel
Published: July 2015

Analiso a construção de uma imagem de nação no “Mapa Musical do Brasil” produzido pela gravadora Discos Marcus Pereira entre 1972 e 1976. Tal representação da nacionalidade brasileira colocava a “cultura popular” como guardiã da autenticidade cultural do país. A análise volta-se, por um lado, para as idéias de nacionalidade e de cultura popular sustentadas pelos integrantes da gravadora e para a articulação dessas representações no processo de produção dos discos. Por outro, olha o disco enquanto objeto de consumo que propõe um ato de música por meio da fusão de sistemas de significados (som, imagem, texto) e como dispositivo simbólico que suscita, nesse caso, uma experiência da nacionalidade.
Mediações, tipos e figurações: reflexões em torno do uso da tecnologia DNA para identificação criminal
Authors: Fonseca Claudia
Published: July 2015

Lançando mão de ferramentas conceituais tiradas dos estudos de ciências e tecnologia, proponho nesse artigo analisar as discussões no Brasil e em outros países do mundo em torno da criação de um banco de perfis genéticos para perseguição criminal. Recorrendo a pesquisas realizadas em contextos onde os bancos já existem há tempo, tomo como ponto de partida as objeções de certas pessoas particularmente visadas por essa tecnologia de identificação – presos, infratores juvenis, integrantes de minorias étnicas. Passo então a examinar como diferentes saberes científicos, junto com uma variedade de outros atores como a mídia, o direito, empresas de biotecnologia e militantes de direitos humanos, angariam esforços materiais e semióticos para, de variadas maneiras, dar corpo a essa nova tecnologia. Finalmente, considerando o tema da biolegalidade, considero os bancos de perfis genéticos como determinada tecnologia de governança com implicações que perpassam as fronteiras nacionais.
A dimensão simbólica dos conflitos: moradores de favela e polícia
Authors: Cardoso Marcus
Published: July 2015

Ainda que determinadas insatisfações provenientes do tratamento dispensado por agentes do Estado expressem demandas por respeito aos direitos de cidadania, configurando-se desta forma numa demanda por consideração dos aspectos normativos do Direito, elas só podem ser devidamente compreendidas se atentarmos para sua dimensão simbólica. Foi disto que me dei conta acompanhando a relação entre os policiais militares e os moradores de duas favelas no Rio de Janeiro. As narrativas destes moradores, ao mesmo tempo em que apresentam diversas queixas em relação aos policiais, revelam concepções de direitos e justiça baseados em categorias locais. Através destas categorias, os moradores falam de suas expectativas sobre o desejo de mudança das relações com a polícia e demandas por respeito e reconhecimento dos seus direitos.
Encantamento e disciplina na União do Vegetal
Authors: Melo Rosa Virgínia
Published: July 2015

O artigo discute a elaboração simbólica do efeito da ayahuasca na União do Vegetal, denominado burracheira, um transe cuja dinâmica é guiada pelo espírito do Mestre fundador da doutrina, consubstancializado na bebida. A constituição dessa entidade, no sacramento, é interpretada na leitura do mito e do rito udevista por meio de metáforas e metonímias expressivas dos processos orgânico, emotivo e moral que revelam a relação hierárquica entre encantamento e disciplina, elementos eficazes e legitimadores da institucionalização da prática religiosa. Busco problematizar as relações hierarquizadas entre encantamento e disciplina na noção de pessoa, simbolicamente construída, enquanto potencial de transformação do comportamento individual.
Territorialidades da(s) cracolândia(s)em São Paulo e no Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Junior Heitor Frúgoli , Cavalcanti Mariana
Published: July 2015

O artigo parte de um desvendamento etnográfico da(s) chamada(s) cracolândia(s) paulistana e carioca, com o intuito de lançar um olhar antropológico sobre determinadas dinâmicas relacionais e espaciais urbanas. Para tanto, detemo-nos sobre os modos como se constituem como territorialidades itinerantes, em São Paulo e no Rio de Janeiro. A comparação sugere que a “itinerância” mesma da(s) cracolândia(s) aponta o fato de como elas se produzem em espaços constituídos por outras territorialidades em disputa – em particular, no contexto de grandes intervenções urbanas que visam ressignificar certas regiões das cidades em questão – e ainda para como as rotinas e as disputas em torno da(s) cracolândia(s) geram uma série de conflitos para além daqueles relacionados à repressão policial, produzindo também conexões com outros espaços.
Mulher cuidadora, homem arredio: diferenças de gênero na promoção da saúde masculina
Authors: Rohden Fabíola
Published: July 2015

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar como determinados marcadores de gênero são articulados nos investimentos em torno da medicalização da saúde e da sexualidade do homem, através de uma investigação sobre a Caravana pela Saúde Masculina. Trata-se de uma campanha em prol da saúde promovida pela Sociedade Brasileira de Urologia, com apoio financeiro da Indústria Farmacêutica Eli Lilly, que percorreu 22 cidades brasileiras no ano de 2010. A perspectiva analítica adotada está centrada na ideia de que uma campanha de promoção da saúde pode ser entendida como uma tecnologia de intervenção que articula diferentes fatores e se constitui por meio do engajamento de distintos agentes com posições e interesses particulares. Analisar um evento deste tipo supõe, portanto, que sejam investigados os processos, os interesses, os recursos e os agentes em cena e de que forma são mobilizados. No caso da Caravana pela Saúde Masculina, tão ou mais importante que os meios ou os recursos materiais empregados, foram os conceitos ou as ideias-chave acionados na divulgação e na realização da campanha que privilegiavam a reafirmação de determinadas características associadas a gênero e sexualidade.

This article aims to analyze how certain gender markers are articulated in actions around the medicalization of men health and sexuality, through a research about the “Caravan for Men’s Health”. It is a campaign for health, promoted by the Brazilian Society of Urology, with financial support from Eli Lilly Pharmaceutical Industry, which toured 22 cities in Brazil in 2010. The analytical approach used is centered on the idea that a campaign to promote health can be understood as an intervention technology that articulates different factors and as something constituted through engagement of different agents with specific positions and interests. To analyze an event of this kind assumes that it is necessary to investigate the processes, interests, resources, and engaged agents and how they are mobilized together. In the case of the “Caravan for Men’s Health”, as or more important than the applied material means or resources, were the key ideas or concepts triggered in the dissemination and implementation of the campaign, which favored the reaffirmation of certain characteristics associated with gender and sexuality.
Música e experiência na era da reprodução digital
Authors: Dias Juliana Braz
Published: July 2015

O artigo busca destacar as conexões entre a indústria fonográfica global e as experiências em nível local. Apresenta o argumento de que os desafios enfrentados pelas grandes gravadoras com a revolução digital devem ser compreendidos enquanto um fenômeno relacionado a inúmeras performances musicais ao redor do mundo. A temática é abordada por meio da análise de um caso particular: o mercado musical em Cabo Verde. São apresentados dois tipos de eventos: as noites cabo-verdianas e as tokatinas. Observando a resiliência da música ao vivo (em Cabo Verde e em tantos outros lugares), sugiro que o estado atual da indústria musical pode ser interpretado como um restabelecimento do valor das pessoas. Mesmo com a introdução das novas tecnologias digitais, o artista não perdeu o seu valor. A música ao vivo pressupõe a valorização das experiências singulares e das relações entre pessoas, não importa quão efêmeras elas sejam.
It girl, it bag et le pronom it : le sens du pronom neutre non anaphorique
Authors: Neveux Julie
Published: July 2015

This paper follows recent cognitive approaches such as that of Langacker (2009) in trying to define a systematic meaning for the pronoun it. The formalist view, according to which the pronoun does not have any real meaning in extraposed structures, for example, fails to take into account the context in which some of these structures appear. The recent lexicalization of the pronoun as an adjective or a noun in phrases such as ‘she’s an it girl’ and ‘she’s it’ helps me identify the recurrent semantic feature of the pronoun: the cognitive obviousness of its referent for an implicit speaker, resulting in a strictly contextual identifiability of this referent. Phenomenological and cognitive factors are implied in this new use of the neutral pronoun.‘Neutral’ has to be understood as ‘inclusive’ and ‘impersonal’ as making the speaker ‘implicit’.
Le concept de « marqueur sub-lexical » : bilan d’un ballon d’essai
Authors: Philps Dennis
Published: July 2015

In a 1997 paper, I posited the existence, in the English lexicon, of a word-initial consonant segment which I call a ‘sub-lexical marker’, defined as a submorphemic unit displaying both phonological and notional invariance within the class of words of which it is a formative. Here, I revisit certain aspects of the logic underlying the formulation of this concept (core invariance, variability, embodiment, meaning potential, etc.), and its links, both synchronic and diachronic, with the longer-established concept of ‘phonæstheme’. I go on to show how the discovery of the fundamental role played by analogy in the formation of English ‘sn- words’ led me to reformulate this concept partially, and to reason in terms of subsets. Lastly, I recall the Semiogenetic Theory of the Emergence and Evolution of the Linguistic Sign (STEELS) that evolved from my research into the diachronic dimension of sub-lexical markers.
If you like et if you will : des marqueurs de discours ?
Authors: Dahak Anissa
Published: July 2015

The aim of this paper is to present the results of a corpus study of the discourse markers if you like and if you will. After a discussion of their status as discourse markers, the article focuses on the contexts where they can be found. It appears that these markers can only be used in medial and final positions. The study of the corpus sheds some light on the various functions of these markers. This paper argues that if you like and if you will have two main functions. They are first used in lexical selection or rephrasing contexts. Secondly, they appear to be downtoning (hedging) markers in that they introduce some approximation in the discourse or mitigate arguments.
La “cédula real de los Amaycha”. Contextualización, análisis y transcripción de un documento controversial
Authors: Sosa Jorge
Published: July 2015

El documento que aquí se presenta es un testimonio entregado a los indios de Amaicha del Valle, fechado en Buenos Aires en el año 1753, depositado en el Archivo Histórico de Tucumán, el cual se encuentra en muy mal estado de conservación. El mismo sirvió como elemento a favor de los amaychas en el centenario litigio sostenido entre los comuneros y un terrateniente salteño. En base a la importancia del mismo, en cuanto cimienta las pretensiones territoriales de los indios de Amaicha, su contenido ha sido reproducido y analizado por distintos autores pero tomando como base una fuente literaria del siglo XX, produciendo una serie de “copias de copias” que han perpetuado errores. Por ello en este trabajo se ofrece la transcripción textual del testimonio de la cédula inserto en el expediente de su protocolización en el año 1892, con el objetivo fundamental de poner a disposición el texto original de la famosa “Cédula Real” y reducir el margen de errores interpretativos. Por otro lado se hace una sistematización de las diferentes versiones modernas existentes señalando ciertas inconsistencias, y se exponen algunas reflexiones sobre las implicancias espaciales, políticas y sociohistóricas en torno al texto.