bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Association of Broadband Internet Use With Drug Overdose Mortality Rates in the United States: Cross-Sectional Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Karakis Ioannis , Kostandini Genti , Tsamakis Konstantinos , Zahirovic-Herbert Velma
Published: June 2024

BACKGROUND

The availability and use of broadband internet play an increasingly important role in health care and public health.

OBJECTIVE

This study examined the associations between broadband internet availability and use with drug overdose deaths in the United States.

METHODS

We linked 2019 county-level drug overdose death data in restricted-access multiple causes of death files from the National Vital Statistics System at the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention with the 2019 county-level broadband internet rollout data from the Federal Communications Commission and the 2019 county-level broadband usage data available from Microsoft’s Airband Initiative. Cross-sectional analysis was performed with the fixed-effects regression method to assess the association of broadband internet availability and usage with opioid overdose deaths. Our model also controlled for county-level socioeconomic characteristics and county-level health policy variables.

RESULTS

Overall, a 1% increase in broadband internet use was linked with a 1.2% increase in overall drug overdose deaths. No significant association was observed for broadband internet availability. Although similar positive associations were found for both male and female populations, the association varied across different age subgroups. The positive association on overall drug overdose deaths was the greatest among Hispanic and Non-Hispanic White populations.

CONCLUSIONS

Broadband internet use was positively associated with increased drug overdose deaths among the overall US population and some subpopulations, even after controlling for broadband availability, sociodemographic characteristics, unemployment, and median household income.
Implementasi Konsep Negara Kesejahteraan dalam BPJS Kesehatan pada Rumah Sakit Militer (Studi : Rumah Sakit Angkatan Udara dr.Esnawan Antariksa)
Authors: Suar Haifa Pasca Nadira
Published: June 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan implementasi konsep negara kesejahteraan dalam perlindungan sosial berupa BPJS Kesehatan pada pelayanan kesehatan. Perlindungan sosial penting untuk menentukan kebijakan yang memadai degan tujuan memastikan semua masyarakat dapat mengakses layanan kesehtan secara efektif (ILO,2020). Pada penelitian ini penulis berfokuskan pada analisis perlindungan sosial melalui BPJS Kesehatan pada Rumah Sakit Angkatan Udara dr.Esnawan Antariksa selaku institusi militer menggunakan konsep negara kesejahteraan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan review literature yang didukung dengan observasi lapangan selama satu bulan dengan mengamati secara langsung proses dan fenomena yang terjadi pada pemberian pelayanan kesehatan pada rumah sakit Angkatan Udara dr.Esnawan Antariksa. Penulis beragumen bahwa pemberian pelayanan kesehatan dalam institusi militer belum bersifat ekuitas dan universal dikarenakan adanya aspek hierarki yang melekat sehingga pasien tidak mendapatkan hak yang sama dalam memperoleh pelayanan kesehatan. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah konsep negara kesejahteraan yang dianut oleh negara tidak berjalan sebagaimana mestinya dikarenakan negara sebagai organisasi tertinggi belum dapat memberikan intervensi yang kuat terhadap pelayanan kesehatan yang dianungi oleh institusi militer.
Faktor-Fakor yang Mempengaruhi Tercapainya SPM Kesehatan pada Pelayanan Penderita Hipertensi di Kabupaten Gunungkidul
Authors: Diana Sinta Saska , Jati Sutopo Patria , Fatmasari Eka Yunila
Published: June 2024

Penilaian kinerja penyelenggaraan urusan wajib berkaitan dengan pelayanan dasar kepada masyarakat dapat dilihat melalui capaian SPM. Capaian SPM Penderita Hipertensi Kabupaten Gunungkidul pada tahun 2021 yaitu sebesar 8,02%, masih belum mencapai target nasional sebesar 100%. Target yang masih belum tercapai ini menjadi indikator masih perlu ditingkatkan kembali pelayanan yang diberikan kepada masyarakat melalui analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi proses implementasi kebijakan SPM pelayanan penderita hipertensi di Kabupaten Gunungkidul. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif analitik berupa wawancara mendalam (in-depth interview) dan observasi langsung. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu penerapan SPM pelayanan penderita hipertensi di Kabupaten Gunungkidul sudah sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku, akan tetapi terdapat permasalahan dalam mencapai target SPM yang telah ditentukan yaitu terdapat kendala dalam hal sasaran yang belum menggunakan data rill penderita hipertensi, kurangnya SDM pelayanan penderita hipertensi, jumlah sasaran yang tidak sebanding dengan SDM puskesmas, rendahnya kesadaran penderita hipertensi untuk melakukan pengobatan rutin di fasilitas kesehatan, belum terintegrasi dengan baik jejaring fasilitas kesehatan terkait dengan pencatatan dan pelaporan pelayanan penderita hipertensi dan kegiatan Posbindu PTM yang belum bisa berjalan secara mandiri tanpa pendampingan dari puskesmas.
Analysis of Policy Implementation of Minimum Service Standards in the Field of Health Indicators of Health Services for People with Diabetes Mellitus in Magelang Regency
Authors: Agustina Nika Maya , Mahendradhata Yodi , Putri Likke Prawidya
Published: June 2024

In order to overcome diabetes, the government set some laws and regulations. One of them is Government Regulation Number 2 of 2018 concerning minimum service standards. SPM for Health is regulated in Permenkes number 4 of 2019. District / City Health SPM consists of 12 indicators. One of the indicators is health care in patients with diabetes mellitus according to the standard. Magelang regency is the third lowest Regency in 2020 with achievements of only 41.9 percent and 59.75 percent in 2021. Necessary analysis related factors inhibiting and supporting implementation. This study was conducted by the method of Qualitative content analysis. Using in-depth interview techniques, field observation and secondary data retrieval.The results of the study there are variations between the achievement of SPM Puskesmas. factors inhibiting the achievement of SPM in the field of health indicators of health services in patients with diabetes mellitus in Magelang regency is the lack of availability of budget, infrastructure and Human Resources, community characteristics and lack of understanding and knowledge both from the organizers and users. Supporting factors for the achievement of SPM in the field of health indicators of health services for people with diabetes mellitus in Magelang regency are leadership support and the chosen policy strategy.
Analisis Implementasi Kebijakan Program Indonesia Sehat dengan Pendekatan Keluarga di Puskesmas Pasir Panjang Kota Kupang
Authors: Rahmawati Eka Muftiana , Littik Serlie K. A. , Nayoan Christina R.
Published: June 2024

Latar Belakang : Program Indonesia Sehat dengan Pendekatan Keluarga merupakan program yang menitikberatkan peran keluarga untuk mengoptimalkan pelayanan kesehatan berbasis keluarga. Capaian IKS Puskesmas yang masih rendah dan tidak mengalami perubahan sejak proses pendataan mendorong penulis untuk melihat lebih dalam proses implementasi PIS-PK di Puskesmas Pasir Panjang.Tujuan :  Penelitian  ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui bagaimana implementasi PIS-PK di Puskesmas Pasir Panjang  dari segi komunikasi, sumber saya, disposisi dan struktur birokrasi.Metode : Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif Pengumpulan data kualitatif dilakukan dengan cara wawancara kepada informan kunci, dan dilakukan analisis data melalui tahapan reduksi, pemusatan data, verifikasi dan analisis naratif untuk tentang model implementasi meliputi variabel komunikasi, sumber daya, disposisi dan struktur birokrasi.Hasil : Implementasi PIS-PK masih belum masimal dari variabel komunukasi kepada pelaksana kebijakan, sumber daya manusia dan anggaran, disposisi dan struktur birokrasi baik pimpinan puskesmas dan dinas kesehatan kotaSaran : perlu adanya koordinasi antara pelaksana, dinas kesehatan, lintas sektor dan sasaran tentang tujuan pelaksanaan PIS-PK sehingga dapat saling memberikan motivasi dan saling sinergi dalam perbaikan pelaksanaan implemtasi sebelumnya untuk capaian indeks keluarga sehat sesuai target keluarga kategori sehat.
Analisis kebijakan RAD Membangun Generasi Unggul melalui 8000 HPK di Kota Yogyakarta
Authors: Siswati Tri , Tjaronosari Tjaronosari , Susilo Joko , Sujiyatini Sujiyatini , Wuryaningsih Dewanti Evita Julian Wulandari , Utami Siti Budi
Published: June 2024

The target of accelerating stunting reduction includes the period from pregnancy to adolescence, where every period of life has the opportunity to correct past growth failures. This study aims to present the results of the evaluation of the implementation of the Regional Action Plan (RAD) policy to build a superior generation through the First 8000 Days of Life (HPK) in 2021–2025 Yogyakarta City. The method used in this study is a mix of quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitative research is carried out with a cross-sectional design, including analysis of the health situation, related factors, and program achievements. Data sources are obtained from routine data report documents and other official websites. Data is analyzed in a descriptive way by presenting proportions, trends, narratives, tables, and figures. Meanwhile, qualitative research is carried out by designing rapid assessment procedures (RAP) through FGD and in-depth interviews and analyzed manually based on themes and sub-themes. The instruments of this research are an interview guide, FGD guide and a recorder. The results stated that the prevalence of stunting in Yogyarta City has decreased. Until the end of 2023, the evaluation of stunting reduction is carried out using indicators in accordance with Presidential Regulation 72 of 2021 concerning the acceleration of stunting reduction, but the evaluation with the indicators listed in RAD 8000 HPK has not been carried out comprehensively. Some factors that support the reduction in stunting prevalence are the commitment of regional leaders, good stunting governance, program achievement that is high or above the target, the human development index (HDI), and the high average length of schooling. Meanwhile, the inhibiting factors in reducing stunting are economic inequality, knowledge, community participation in Posyandu, littering behavior, and access to health insurance services for non-KTP residents of Yogyakarta City.
Electric Boat Propulsion with IPM BLDC Motors: Performance and Efficiency Analysis
Authors: Dewi Rianti Mandasari  , Budi Sudiarto  , Lia Amelia  , Cuk Supriyadi Ali Nandar
Published: June 2024

Air pollution, particularly the presence of PM2.5 particles, remains a global health concern. While Indonesia exhibits lower PM2.5 levels than the global average, vehicular emissions significantly contribute to air pollution. In light of environmental and health considerations, adopting eco-friendly electric motors, mainly interior permanent magnet brushless direct current (IPM BLDC) motors, represents a promising solution for cleaner and more efficient boat propulsion systems, benefiting both the environment and the livelihoods of fishermen. This study thoroughly examines the efficiency and performance of IPM BLDC motors in boat propulsion, utilizing finite element analysis (FEA) through ANSYS Maxwell. The FEA simulations in ANSYS Maxwell were tailored to focus on crucial design variables such as motor torque, speed, and thermal management. It aimed to ensure that the motor specifications meet electric boats’ operational needs in fishing and search operations. Notably, at the desired speed of 5,000 rpm, the motor achieved a torque of 15 Nm with a cogging torque of just 7% and maintained an average efficiency of 89%. Significantly, it operated at a safe temperature without requiring additional cooling systems. Furthermore, simulation outcomes suggested that the motor could effectively function at higher speeds, specifically 6,300 rpm, presenting an exciting opportunity to enhance boat propulsion systems through increased motor speed.
Evaluasi Kinerja PLTS On-Grid 600 kWp pada Jaringan Distribusi Gili Trawangan
Authors: Rifky Irawan  , Fransisco Danang Wijaya  , Adha Imam Cahyadi
Published: June 2024

Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang masih bergantung pada penggunaan energi fosil. Meningkatnya kebutuhan energi fosil menyebabkan ketersedian energi fosil makin berkurang, yang mengakibatkan harga bahan bakar fosil mengalami peningkatan. Oleh karena itu, salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah membangun pembangkit energi baru terbarukan (EBT) untuk mengurangi ketergantungan terhadap penggunaaan pembangkit berbahan bakar fosil. Salah satu pembangkit EBT yang dibangun oleh pemerintah adalah pembangkit listrik tenaga surya (PLTS) On-Grid 600 kWp Gili Trawangan. Selama sepuluh tahun beroperasi, PLTS On-Grid 600 kWp Gili Trawangan perlu dievaluasi untuk mengetahui kinerja PLTS dalam melayani kebutuhan beban listrik. Daya dan energi listrik yang dihasilkan PLTS dapat dievaluasi dengan membandingkan hasil produksi daya dan energi dari PLTS saat ini dengan potensi daya dan energi yang seharusnya mampu dihasilkan. Untuk mengetahui produksi daya dan energi yang dihasilkan PLTS saat ini, digunakan data hasil pengukuran PLN, sedangkan untuk mengetahui potensi daya dan energi yang seharusnya mampu dihasilkan PLTS saat ini, digunakan hasil simulasi pada perangkat lunak Homer. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa daya dan energi hasil pengukuran PLN memiliki nilai yang lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan potensi daya dan energi yang seharusnya mampu dihasilkan PLTS dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak Homer. Rerata produksi daya dan energi menurut pengukuran PLN sebesar 196,72 kW dan 765,92 kWh, sedangkan berdasarkan hasil simulasi sebesar 207,10 kW dan 840,39 kWh.
Confusion and Diffusion Techniques for Image Encryption Process Based on Chaos System
Authors: Magfirawaty Magfirawaty  , Ariska Allamanda  , Malika Ayunasari  , Muhammad Nadhif Zulfikar
Published: June 2024

Face recognition uses biometric technologies to identify humans based on their facial characteristics. This method is commonly used to restrict information access control. The benefits of face recognition systems encompass their ease of use and security. The human face recognition process consists of face detection, face tracking, and face recognition. The process uses some algorithms: the Viola-Jones for face detection, the Kanade-Lucas-Tomasi (KLT) for face tracking, and the principal component analysis (PCA) for face recognition. Furthermore, this research proposed face recognition with an encryption process to protect the data stored in a database. The encryption process consists of two main processes: confusion and diffusion. The confusion process is randomizing the position of the original image pixels. This research utilized the Arnold’s cat map (ACM) for the confusion process, and the diffusion process was performed using the XOR operation with the key generated from the 1D chaos system. Three different 1D chaos systems, namely logistic map, Bernoulli map, and tent map, were compared to see which chaos system had the best encryption results. Tests were conducted by comparing various parameters on the three proposed 1D chaos systems, including correlation coefficient, histogram analysis, entropy value, number of pixel rate changes (NPCR), and unified average change intensity (UACI). Based on testing the image encryption results, the diffusion process utilizing the tent map produced the best image encryption compared to other chaotic systems.
Migration: A Process of Search - London A Case Study
Authors: Flores Nubia Zulma Nieto
Published: June 2024

TV news, social media, and newspapers continue presenting migrants as a threat to the rich economies. However, the richness of cosmopolitan cities is the migration. London, the capital of the United Kingdom, is a case in point. In this context, the present article is guided by the following research question: what are the main causes of migration to London? This text has as objective to explore the drivers behind of migration to London. The hypothesis is based on the assumption that people who migrate to London have different motivations and not necessarily economic reasons. This work uses qualitative and quantitative materials, such as face to face interviews, data reports and statistics on migration and direct observations. This article is divided in four sections. The first one exposes some outstanding theories on migration. The second one describes the methodology applied. The third one offers some personal experiences of migrants living in London. The fourth one presents some results about the main drivers of migrants to London, and finally some conclusions are offered, which consider that there are subtle causes of emigration which are usually underestimated, such as learning English as a personal achievement, acceptance of different sexual orientation, cultural diversity, and relative political stability are among the most representative.
Analysis of the Application of Artificial Intelligence in Computer Network Technology
Authors: Huang Hongzhi
Published: June 2024

The application of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in computer network technology is becoming increasingly extensive and in-depth. This paper analyzes the application of artificial intelligence in network security, network management, Internet of Things, edge computing and network services in detail. In network management, AI technology realizes network traffic optimization, automatic configuration and fault prediction, and improves the efficiency of network management. In the field of Internet of Things, AI technology helps manage and analyze a large amount of device data, supporting the development of smart homes and smart cities. In edge computing, AI technology enhances the data processing capabilities of edge nodes and reduces latency. In network services, artificial intelligence technology optimizes routing, voice recognition and personalized recommendation services. However, the application of artificial intelligence in network technology also faces challenges such as data privacy, computing resources and laws and regulations. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive reference for industry insiders to promote the application and development of artificial intelligence technology in computer networks.
РОССИЙСКАЯ СИСТЕМА ДЛЯ ПОЛНОГО ЦИКЛА УПРАВЛЕНИЯ УЯЗВИМОСТЯМИ
Authors: Михайлов В.А.
Published: June 2024

4 апреля на форуме "ТЕРРИТОРИЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ 2024: все pro
ИБ" в Москве компания "Фродекс", один из ведущих российских
разработчиков новых технологий и продуктов кибербезопасно-
сти, представила систему управления уязвимостями и анализа
защищенности активов IT-инфраструктуры Vulns.io Enterprise
Vulnerability Management (Vulns.io Enterprise VM). Появление
данного уникального для российского рынка продукта выводит
компанию на новый уровень. На полях форума о новой мно-
гофункциональной системе корреспонденту "ПЕРВОЙ МИЛИ"
рассказал руководитель департамента перспективных проек-
тов ООО "Фродекс" В.А.Михайлов.
ПЕРСПЕКТИВНОЕ РЕШЕНИЕ ПО РАЗВЕРТЫВАНИЮ ЗАЩИЩЕННЫХ КОРПОРАТИВНЫХ СЕТЕЙ ШИРОКОПОЛОСНОГО ДОСТУПА
Authors: Кубасов И.А. , Лекарь Л.А.
Published: June 2024

Предлагается решение по развертыванию корпоративных децентрализованных сетей беспроводного широкополосного доступа в интернет повышенной живучести, обеспечивающих анонимность пользователей, с использованием транспортного уровня пиринговых сетей.
Optimization Of Callus Induction Using A Combination Of 2,4 Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid And Sitokinin On Pineapple (Caisim) Cales In Vitro
Authors: Ayundaris Agnes Putri , Nursandi Fatimah , Zainudin Agus , Machmudi  , Ishartati Erny
Published: June 2024

In Indonesia, pineapple is one of the horticultural commodities that has the potential to be developed. It is seen that the amount of demand for fresh pineapple from abroad is quite high. Intensification of pineapple land is still lacking where the number of pineapple seedlings planted has only reached 2,500 from ideally 10,000 stems per hectare. Alternative to overcome this problem is by propagating plants in vitro through callus induction which later is thought to potentially have quality and quantity seeds as expected. This study uses a combination of ZPT 2,4-D and cytokines which are expected to grow callus with good quality and relatively faster time.This study uses Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD). By using the first factor namely 2,4-D concentration and the second factor cytokines (BAP and TDZ). The data can be analyzed for variance and a real honest test (BNJ) level of 5%. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the combination of giving concentrations to 2,4-D and cytokines was not significant for each parameter. The interaction between 2,4-D growth regulators and cytokinins has no significant effect on the induction of pineapple varieties of Smoooth cayenne. The treatment of 2,4-D 0 mg/L - 5 mg/L growth regulators has no significant effect on callus induction in vitro on the Smoooth cayenne varieties. The treatment of cytokinin (Thidiazuron 0.001 mg/L - 0.1 mg/L and BAP 0 mg/L - 4 mg/L) had no significant effect on in vitro callus induction on the Smoooth cayenne varieties.
The Effect Of Shoot Cuttings And Vermiwash Concentration On Orchid Growth (Onchidium sphacelatum Lindl.) Aeroponically
Authors: Ibrahim  , Santoso Untung , Zainudin Agus , Pangestika Padhina
Published: June 2024

The Oncidium sphacelatum orchid, commonly propagated vegetatively through pseudobulb separation, presents opportunities for further research into propagation methods and organic fertilizer application. This study, conducted in Batu City, aimed to explore the interaction between vermiwash concentration and shoot number on aeroponically cultivated Orchid sphacelatum Lind cuttings, as well as individual treatment effects.
Employing a factorial RKLT design with shoot number (one or two) and vermiwash concentration (100, 200, or 300 ml/L) as factors, the study evaluated plant height, leaf count, stem length, shoot length, root count, and root length as variables. Data analysis involved ANOVA and BNJ tests. Results revealed that cuttings with two shoots and a 200 ml/L vermiwash concentration promoted optimal leaf growth. The number of shoots influenced shoot length, with two shoots demonstrating superior growth compared to single shoot cuttings. Interestingly, vermiwash concentration did not significantly impact shoot growth parameters, indicating that its effects may be limited in this context. This study sheds light on the potential benefits of using vermiwash in orchid cultivation, particularly in enhancing leaf growth when combined with multiple shoot cuttings. However, further investigation is needed to understand the nuanced effects of vermiwash on other growth aspects and its interaction with different propagation methods.Overall, the findings contribute to the optimization of orchid propagation techniques, providing valuable insights for orchid growers seeking to enhance plant growth and productivity sustainably. Further research could delve deeper into the mechanisms underlying the observed effects and explore additional variables to refine cultivation practices for Oncidium sphacelatum orchids.
A Review on various aspects of Regulatory Affairs
Authors: Pore Swaranjali , Jeevan Deshmukh  , Biskite Shivani , Jadhav Snehal , Moharekar Akshata , Gurav Ankita
Published: June 2024

In order to guarantee the efficacy, safety, and calibre of medications, medical equipment, and other healthcare supplies, Regulatory Affairs is essential. Anticipating future trends and difficulties in Regulatory Affairs is crucial as the healthcare sector changes due to technological breakthroughs, globalization, and new regulatory paradigms. This abstract examines the consequences of developing fields for regulatory frameworks, including gene treatments, digital health, artificial intelligence, and personalized medicine. It also covers the increased significance of real-world evidence, patient-centric approaches, and international harmonization in regulatory decision-making. In addition, it looks at the difficulties presented by supply chain interruptions, cybersecurity risks, and regulatory divergence in a world that is changing quickly. Stakeholders may effectively navigate the complicated regulatory landscape of the future by embracing innovation, collaboration, and adaptive regulatory methods facilitate the timely delivery of safe and effective healthcare products to patients worldwide.
A Comparative Study on Regulatory Requirements for Pharmaceutical and Biological Product registration in ASEAN and Asia Pacific Region for Parenteral Dosage Form
Authors: Shah Zeel , Zaveri Maitreyi , Deshpande Shrikalp
Published: June 2024

Regulatory requirements for pharmaceutical and biological product registration varies significantly across different regions impacting availability of critical parenteral dosage form in that market. This thesis provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of regulatory requirements for registration of parenteral dosage form in emerging markets which include ASEAN and Asia – Pacific region.
The study majorly examines key regulatory framework, submission requirement, review process and lifecycle management. Focusing on how these factors affect development and market entry of parenteral product. The research explores major difference in documentation, quality requirements and product life cycle management across these markets. Data for the study is gathered from extensive review of official regulatory documents and guidelines.
Parenteral means ‘Para’ + ‘Enteral’ which means those products that surpasses the intestine and directly enters into systemic circulation. The pharmaceutical parenteral products are derived from synthetic or plant-based API’s whereas biological parenteral products are derived from organisms. This thesis covers all types of parenteral registration requirements including, branded, generic and biosimilar. It includes vaccines, pre-filled syringes, bottles, vials, bags, ampoules, etc.
Aim behind considering RoW market is that they are constantly updating and emerging themselves against regulatory challenges. Some of the countries in these regions have adopted ICH guidelines and others maintain unique regional guidelines. Some countries in region like ASEAN follow ACTD. Few countries like India to reduce the task of handling hard copy have established portals while few have established soft copy submission in CD/DVD or USB form while other still need submission in hard copy.
Regulatory Frameworks for Integrated Medicine Management in USA, Europe, Japan, and China
Authors: Gandhi Sanyam , Sigh Omvir , Tiwari Akhilesh , Apshingekar Prafulla , Jain Sachin , Jain Vikas , Pal Pradeep , Vyas Amber
Published: June 2024

Integrated Medicine Management (IMM) is an all-encompassing healthcare approach that merges conventional Western medicine with complementary and alternative therapies. The primary objective of IMM is to address the underlying causes of illnesses and promote overall health and wellness of patients. As the utilization of complementary and alternative therapies becomes increasingly prevalent, the need for regulatory frameworks to ensure the safe and effective integration of these therapies into conventional healthcare systems is growing rapidly. Regulatory framework of IMM varies between countries, considering the facts that each country has its own unique approach to manage the integration of complementary and alternative therapies. In this article, we aim to explore the regulatory frameworks for IMM in four major markets, i.e. the United States (US), European Union (EU), Japan, and China. In the US, IMM regulation is centralized among different Federal agencies, however states have varying degrees of oversight. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is responsible for regulating dietary supplements and herbal products, while state medical boards oversee the practice of alternative medicine. Additionally, the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH) provides research and education on complementary and alternative therapies. Conversely, the regulation of IMM is more centralized in EU, where the European Medicines Agency (EMA) oversees the approval of herbal and homeopathic medicines, and the European Commission provides guidelines for the use of complementary and alternative therapies in healthcare. In Japan, the regulation of IMM is tightly controlled by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW), which approves traditional herbal medicines and acupuncture needles, and mandates practitioners to be licensed. China recognizes traditional medicine alongside with Western medicine. The State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (SATCM) oversees the regulation of traditional medicine and promotes its integration with Western medicine.
OTC drug filing and review process in the US
Authors: Nayi Priyal , Zaveri Maitreyi , Sheth Dhaval , Kanaki Niranjan
Published: June 2024

The Over-the-Counter (OTC) Drug Monograph System in the United States (US) serves as a vital regulatory framework for non-prescription medications. Through the monograph review process there is a low regulatory burden for industry to market OTC drugs and that helps to keep OTC drug costs low to consumers. As, this process is applicable only in the US the OTC drug filing and review process becomes streamline and due to its limited time exposure this process is not time consuming.
There are mainly two pathways to bring a OTC drug in the US: (a) NDA, (b) OTC drug review process. By comparing both the procedures NDA submission is time consuming process and as of that for OTC review process, if drugs meet the conditions specified in the monograph OTC drug can be marketed in a more streamline process. Administrative order process provides sponsor or requestors and the FDA to issue an order. As, the three phase rulemaking process is removed after the enactment of CARES act, the OTC monograph reform encountered several challenges and is beneficial. OTC Monograph System, serves as a cornerstone for ensuring the accessibility, safety, and efficacy of a diverse range of OTC drugs.
The proposed study is based on review process for various OTC monograph drugs. This research is focused on the regulatory pathway that facilitates the approval of non-prescription medications, the study explores the historical evolution and current functioning of the OTC Monograph System.
Technical solution for purifying emissions of climate-active gases
Authors: Briukhanov A. Yu. , Vasilev E. V. , Egorov S. A.
Published: June 2024

The rising demand for food products and subsequent increase in agricultural production leads to heightened quantities of waste and by-products, particularly within the livestock industry. Traditional methods of livestock by-product disposal encompass intensive processing, including biodestruction processes. However, these processes tend to generate significant emissions of climate-active gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ammonia. To mitigate environmental impacts, it is proposed to integrate an advanced gas-air emission purification system into the existing livestock by-product processing lines. (Research purpose) The objective is to develop a system for purifying emissions of climate-active gases, particularly ammonia, produced during the intensive biotechnological processing of livestock by-products. (Materials and methods) Based on the properties of the primary pollutants, possible methods for their removal from emissions were determined. Such methods include dry, wet, condensation, and biological treatment. The biopurification method was selected for its efficacy and optimal performance. (Results and discussion) As a technical solution, a sequential gas-air emission purification process was developed using biofilters equipped with a polymer carrier and organic substrates as fillers. The system is equipped with digital sensors for monitoring and controlling the operational workflow. A special feature of the proposed system design is the use of replaceable filter cartridges and an active irrigation system. (Conclusions) The research helped to identify main types, parameters and methods for purifying emissions of climate-active gases with a focus on ammonia. Emission purification with a digital workflow control system is carried out sequentially in a shell-and-tube condenser and a biofilter. The specific cooling surface is 1.09∙10–3 square meters per 1 cubic meter, the specifi c refrigerant consumption is 0.7 liters per 1 cubic meter. Optimal biofilter performance was attained at the temperature of 30 degrees Celsius, with 45-55 percent humidity, active acidity of 8-8.4 units, and residence time of 15-30 seconds in the filter layer. These conditions ensure a high degree of ammonia purification and long-term biofilter operation.
PRAKTIK SEWA MENYEWA PERALATAN KEMAH DALAM BINGKAI HUKUM EKONOMI SYARIAH
Authors: Latifa Latifa , Nadia Nadia
Published: June 2024

Exploring the rental practices of camping equipment within the framework of Sharia economic law is an area that has not been extensively researched. This study aims to describe the rental practices of camping equipment at the Handy Talky and Tent Rental Outlet in Palu and to assess their compliance with the principles of Sharia business contracts. The research methodology employed is empirical, utilizing interviews and direct observation as the primary data collection techniques. This approach seeks to understand the application of law in real social interactions. The study reveals that the rental process of camping equipment at the Handy Talky and Tent Rental Outlet in Palu involves several stages, from equipment selection to the return of the items. This practice reflects the application of Sharia business contract principles such as al-Hurriyah (freedom to contract), al-Musawah (equality), al-‘Adalah (justice), al-Ridhaiyyah (mutual consent), Ash-shidiq (honesty), and al-Kitabah (written documentation). Although these principles are generally adhered to, there is a weakness in the detailed written documentation. Conversations on social media and borrower records do not cover all the essential aspects of the agreements. The study suggests that to enhance compliance with Sharia business contract principles, more comprehensive and formal written contracts are needed. This research provides valuable insights for the development of policies and business practices that are more aligned with Sharia economic law.
Sonoridades prehispánicas de la cultura tumaco, aproximación al uso de tecnologías tridimensionales y sonoras en el material arqueológico
Authors: Pinzón Nelson , Correa Francisco , Gallor Beleño Oscar , Arenas Diego
Published: June 2024

En las comunidades prehistóricas la música creaba una experiencia sensorial en actividades cotidianas y rituales, lo cual muestra la importancia emocional de esta característica cultural para dichas comunidades. La percepción de diferentes sonidos en el ambiente y su posibilidad de imitar, crear y transformar nuevas sonoridades permite establecer una relación sensorial entre humanos y ambiente, en este caso sonora, para vincular la percepción auditiva y la creación cultural de instrumentos musicales. Este trabajo muestra imágenes 3D y sonidos de instrumentos musicales de la cultura tumaco del litoral pacífico colombiano, en los cuales se advierte un predominio de la iconografía animal y humana, además de sonidos de tonalidades altas.
REPRESENTAÇÕES SOCIAIS DE DOCENTES DA EDUCAÇÃO BÁSICA ACERCA DAS TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS DE INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO
Authors: Silva Alcina Maria Testa Braz da , Silva Albertina Maria Batista de Sousa da , Farias Daysi Lucidi Gomes de , Ferreira Ramon Souza
Published: June 2024

Este artigo apresenta a pesquisa realizada com professores da rede de ensino do estado de São Paulo. Os objetivos envolveram conhecer e analisar representações sociais acerca do uso das tecnologias digitais de informação e comunicação (TIDCs) no contexto das práticas educativas em escolas públicas e privadas da educação básica. As representações sociais e a análise de discurso contribuíram para a realização do grupo focal no período pandêmico, com o recorte para os direitos humanos no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. A ênfase foi dada às narrativas de dois docentes, um da escola pública e um do ensino privado, que revelaram aspectos de desigualdade social, falta de democratização do acesso, desconhecimento e despreparo relacionados à utilização das TIDCs e insuficiência de políticas públicas. A escola pública encontra-se na periferia da experiência positiva, e a privada ocupa espaço de privilégio, desenvolvendo e incrementando o processo com inovação, adequação e superação dos desafios emergentes da nova dinâmica de ensino. As representações sociais identificadas foram justiça social, discursos de igualdade, assim como a necessidade de ressignificar a educação.
Exploring Opportunities and Risks of Artificial Intelligence Research for Islamic Ethical Guidelines
Authors: Nawi Aliff , Khamis Nor Yazi , Mohd Yaakob Mohd Faiz , Samuri Mohd Al Adib , Zakaria Gamal Abdul Nasir
Published: June 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) technology is expanding exponentially. AI has continuously transformed the human lifestyle from chatbots, driverless vehicles, robots, autonomous weapons constructions, etc. The transformation has driven the development of guidelines from various fields to govern AI research and development but is limited from Islamic perspectives. Hence, this study aims to fill the gap by reviewing contemporary perspectives on AI opportunities and risks. A qualitative exploration using content design analysis on related literature was conducted to ascertain the extent of AI utilisations by applying used, overused, or misused. The findings were coded in juxtapositions that led to the discussion on the need for an Islamic frame of reference in ethically guiding AI-related research. Maqasid al-Shari‘ah is recommended as the parameter and to be integrated with other disciplines to tackle the wide-ranging ethical issues in AI to protect human rights and interests, particularly in the global Muslim community. The absence calls for developing a credible and robust framework to serve as an Islamic ethical guideline for AI research.
Post-Ghazali Islamic Philosophy in the Sunni and Shi‘ite Traditions
Authors: A. Haris Khalif Muammar , Febrian Rizky
Published: June 2024

This study refutes the unfounded yet prevalent view among Western scholars and some contemporary Muslim scholars that Islamic philosophy has declined after al-Ghazālī due to his vehement critique of the philosophers. This study supports the previous studies by George Saliba and Frank Griffel who criticised the decline narrative and argued that Islamic philosophy and science continue to thrive after al-Ghazālī. Moreover, this study gives a general overview of the development of intellectual sciences which include works on metaphysics, epistemology, logic, ethics and politics both in the Sunni and Shiʻite traditions, and especially in the Malay world. Contrary to the decline narrative, the study shows that the Sunni epistemic framework which was crystalized in al-Ghazālī’s work contributed positively to the development of Islamic philosophy. His critique of Aristotelianism should be considered part of the Islamisation of Greek philosophy, and his works laid down a robust foundation for the development of intellectual sciences in the Islamic world.
Quantum Integration Model for Religion and Science
Authors: Soleh Achmad Khudori
Published: June 2024

The integration of religion and science has not been fully developed. Several models of integrating religion and science seem to contain fundamental weaknesses. This article aims to discuss an alternative integration called quantum integration. This research is a literature review using content analysis based on primary sources. The research results show that quantum integration consists of three structures: the principle of the unity of religion and science, an open attitude between scientists and religious leaders, and theistic values. This integration structure encapsulates three fundamental principles and three philosophical constructs. The three fundamental principles in question are the principle of non-contradictory between religion and science, equality, and mutual need. The three philosophical constructs consist of an un-materialistic worldview, a unified source of knowledge, openness, and theistic values. Based on its principles, philosophical construction, and structure, quantum integration can create a solid and balanced integration of religion and science that contains divine values. Quantum integration can fill in the gaps in previous models of integration of religion and science.
Unholy “Saint Dave”: Critical Reception of David Foster Wallace’s Personality and Works. A Review
Authors:   Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Kaiavo Violetta A.
Published: June 2024

The review examines the critical reception of David Foster Wallace’s personality and works. A particular attention is paid to the appreciation of David Foster Wallace (1962–2008) in foreign criticism as an intellectual, religious writerphilosopher and a martyr (“Saint Dave”), whose works require deep analysis, and as a writer whose popularity is the result of marketing manipulations and publisher’s work, which has nothing to do with his talent. According to some researchers, it was market specialists who created his iconic image as the most important American writer of the turn of the millennium, and his books are unlikely to become classics. Others consider him the author who caused a “revolution” in literature, being the first to oppose postmodernist ironic and cynical attitudes. The paper reviews books dedicated to Wallace's personality, his religious, ethical and philosophical views, as well as studies based on the archive of David Foster Wallace. Attention is also paid to Russian-language critical works, although it is largely based on the above-mentioned foreign criticism. It is concluded that to a large extent the difference in opinion is caused by the identification of the writer with the man, whose life was complicated by the struggle with addiction and depression, as well as by the analysis of his works based on his personality. It is emphasized that Wallace's works are important for contemporary literature, and they are to be studied objectively, without deifying / demonizing Wallace or elevating him to the ranks of suffering geniuses.
Hipomineralização molar-incisivo: uma revisão de literatura
Authors:   , Otsubo Bruna Ayumi Yonamine , Paes Isabella Piaia Solano , Felicio Lara Andrade , Silva Mônica Nerli e , Boaventura Sabrina Ferreira
Published: June 2024

A hipomineralização molar-incisivo (HMI) trata-se de uma condição de origem idiopática, que afeta um ou mais primeiros molares permanentes, podendo afetar ou não os incisivos permanentes. O esmalte é afetado qualitativamente, o que torna o dente mais suscetível à fratura e a doença cárie, além de poder causar sensibilidade dentinária. Dentro desse contexto, este estudo tem como objetivo abordar sobre a importância do conhecimento clínico, do diagnóstico e do tratamento da hipomineralização molar-incisivo, fundamentos imprescindíveis para a prática clínica dos cirurgiões-dentistas. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão de literatura em artigos relacionados à hipomineralização molar-incisivo. Foram realizadas buscas nas seguintes plataformas: PubMed, SciELO e Google Acadêmico, no período de 2003 a 2022, nos idiomas português e inglês. De acordo com os estudos epidemiológicos, os primeiros molares permanentes são os mais acometidos e a face vestibular é a superfície mais afetada. Em contrapartida, a face oclusal é a menos atingida, contudo, apresenta as lesões mais graves. Muitos desses casos não são corretamente diagnosticados e tratados, podendo necessitar de condutas mais invasivas, como endodontia e até mesmo exodontia. Sendo assim, a chave da longevidade do dente afetado por essa condição é o diagnóstico precoce. Em síntese, é essencial para o diagnóstico e manejo adequados desta condição compreender os fatores de risco, os mecanismos de desenvolvimento e os tratamentos existentes.
Asupan Energi, Protein, Kalium dan Cairan dengan Status Gizi (SGA) Pasien GGK yang Menjalani Hemodialisa
Authors: Sherly Sherly , Putra Deri Andika , Siregar Afriyana , Yuliantini Emy
Published: June 2024

Penyakit Ginjal Kronis  adalah gangguan fungsi ginjal yang progresif dan tidak dapat pulih kembali. Salah satu terapi yang tepat bagi penderita gagal ginjal kronik adalah hemodialisa. untuk mengetahui Hubungan Asupan Energi, Protein, Kalium Dan Cairan  Terhadap Status Gizi (SGA) Pada Pasien Hemodialisa Di RSUD Harapan Dan Doa Kota Bengkulu Tahun 2020. Design penelitian ini Observasional Analitik dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel dengan metode Purposive Sampling dengan Jumlah sampel 36 pasien. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji chi- square. Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara asupan energi (p= 0,000), ada hubungan yang bermakna antara asupan protein (p=0,000), ada hubungan yang bermakna antara asupan kalium (p=0,025), tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara asupan cairan (p=0,056) dengan status gizi berdasarkan skrining SGA di RSUD Harapan dan Doa Kota Bengkulu tahun 2020. Rata-rata asupan zat gizi  pasien hemodialisa  yang diambil menggunakan Food Recall 24 jam yaitu asupan energi 1406 kkal, protein 56 gram, kalium 1368  mg dan cairan 669 ml.
Hubungan Konsumsi Sugar-Sweetened Beverages dan Pemesanan Makanan Online dengan Kadar Glukosa Darah Pekerja 25-44 Tahun di Perumahan Kasuari, Cikarang
Authors: Jayanti Agatha Katherine , Sufyan Dian Luthfiana , Puspita Ikha Deviyanthi , Puspareni Luh Desi
Published: June 2024

Diabetes melitus merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang terus meningkat di dunia dengan ciri kadar glukosa darah tinggi dan melewati batas normal. Kenaikan kadar glukosa darah dapat disebabkan oleh konsumsi SSBs dan frekuensi pemesanan makanan online yang tinggi akan gula, garam, dan lemak (makanan berisiko). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan konsumsi SSBs dan pemesanan makanan berisiko secara online dengan kadar glukosa darah pada pekerja usia 25-44 tahun di Perumahan Kasuari, Cikarang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional. Responden dalam penelitian berjumlah 47 orang pekerja berusia 25-44 tahun yang tinggal di Perumahan Kasuari, Cikarang dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Kadar glukosa darah diukur menggunakan glukometer, konsumsi SSBs diperoleh melalui wawancara menggunakan formulir Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (SQ-FFQ) dan pemesanan makanan online dengan formulir FFQ. Terdapat hubungan antara konsumsi SSBs, pemesanan makanan tinggi gula secara online, dan pemesanan makanan berisiko secara online dengan kadar glukosa darah (p value = 0,044 ; 0,001 ; 0,008). Tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara pemesanan makanan tinggi garam dan tinggi lemak secara online dengan kadar glukosa darah (p value = 0,184 dan 0,079).