bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consensus on how to optimise patient/family engagement in hospital planning and improvement: a Delphi survey
Authors: Anderson Natalie N , Baker G Ross , Moody Lesley , Scane Kerseri , Urquhart Robin , Wodchis Walter P , Gagliardi Anna R
Published: September 2022

Objective

Patient and family engagement (PE) in health service planning and improvement is widely advocated, yet little prior research offered guidance on how to optimise PE, particularly in hospitals. This study aimed to engage stakeholders in generating evidence-informed consensus on recommendations to optimise PE.

Design

We transformed PE processes and resources from prior research into recommendations that populated an online Delphi survey.

Setting and participants

Panellists included 58 persons with PE experience including: 22 patient/family advisors and 36 others (PE managers, clinicians, executives and researchers) in round 1 (100%) and 55 in round 2 (95%).

Outcome measures

Ratings of importance on a seven-point Likert scale of 48 strategies organised in domains: engagement approaches, strategies to integrate diverse perspectives, facilitators, strategies to champion engagement and hospital capacity for engagement.

Results

Of 50 recommendations, 80% or more of panellists prioritised 32 recommendations (27 in round 1, 5 in round 2) across 5 domains: 5 engagement approaches, 4 strategies to identify and integrate diverse patient/family advisor perspectives, 9 strategies to enable meaningful engagement, 9 strategies by which hospitals can champion PE and 5 elements of hospital capacity considered essential for supporting PE. There was high congruence in rating between patient/family advisors and healthcare professionals for all but six recommendations that were highly rated by patient/family advisors but not by others: capturing diverse perspectives, including a critical volume of advisors on committees/teams, prospectively monitoring PE, advocating for government funding of PE, including PE in healthcare worker job descriptions and sharing PE strategies across hospitals.

Conclusions

Decision-makers (eg, health system policy-makers, hospitals executives and managers) can use these recommendations as a framework by which to plan and operationalise PE, or evaluate and improve PE in their own settings. Ongoing research is needed to monitor the uptake and impact of these recommendations on PE policy and practice.
Training inhibitory control in adolescents with elevated attention deficit hyperactivity disorder traits: a randomised controlled trial of the Alfi Virtual Reality programme
Authors: McKay Erin , Kirk Hannah , Coxon James , Courtney Danielle , Bellgrove Mark , Arnatkeviciute Aurina , Cornish Kim
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is characterised by significant deficits in attention and inhibition. These deficits are associated with negative sequelae that emerge in childhood and often continue throughout adolescence. Despite these difficulties adolescents with ADHD often demonstrate poor treatment compliance with traditional interventions (eg, psychostimulant medication). Virtual reality (VR) presents an innovative means of delivering engaging cognitive interventions for adolescents with ADHD and offers the potential to improve compliance with such interventions. The current parallel, randomised controlled trial aims to evaluate the effects of a VR intervention (Alfi) designed to improve inhibition in adolescents with ADHD.

Methods and analysis

A sample of 100 adolescents (aged 13–17) with elevated ADHD symptoms will be recruited from secondary schools and ADHD organisations located in the state of Victoria, Australia. Participants will be randomly assigned to either an 8-week VR intervention or a usual care control. The VR intervention involves the completion of 14 sessions, each 20 min in duration. Participants will complete computerised assessments of inhibition and risk-taking preintervention and immediately postintervention. Parents/guardians will complete online questionnaires about their child’s ADHD symptoms and social functioning at each of these timepoints. The primary outcome is change in inhibition performance in adolescents who received the intervention from preintervention to postintervention compared with adolescents in the control condition. Secondary outcomes include change in risk-taking, ADHD symptoms and social functioning in adolescents who received the intervention from preintervention to postintervention compared with adolescents in the control condition. If the intervention is shown to be effective, it may offer a supplementary approach to traditional interventions for adolescents with ADHD experiencing inhibitory control difficulties.

Ethics and dissemination

This trial has ethics approval from the Monash University Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC) (21530) and the Victorian Department of Education and Training HREC (2020_004271). Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, conference proceedings and community activities. Individual summaries of the results will be provided to participants on request.

Trial registration number

ACTRN12620000647932.
Perceptions of generic medicines and medication adherence after percutaneous coronary intervention: a prospective multicentre cohort study
Authors: Pettersen Trond Røed , Schjøtt Jan , Allore Heather G , Bendz Bjørn , Borregaard Britt , Fridlund Bengt , Larsen Alf Inge , Nordrehaug Jan Erik , Rotevatn Svein , Wentzel-Larsen Tore , Norekvål Tone Merete
Published: September 2022

Objective

To determine patient perceptions of generic medicines 2 and 6 months after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and to determine whether these perceptions moderate medication adherence.

Design

Prospective multicentre cohort study with repeated measures of perceptions of generic medicines and medication adherence.

Setting

The CONCARDPCI study conducted at seven large referral PCI centres in Norway and Denmark between June 2017 and May 2020.

Participants

A total of 3417 adults (78% men), using both generic and brand name medicines, with a mean age of 66 years (SD 11) who underwent PCI were followed up 2 and 6 months after discharge from hospital.

Main outcome measures

Perceptions of generic medicines were the main outcome. The secondary outcome was medication adherence.

Results

Perceptions of generic medicines were significantly more negative at 2 than at 6 months (1.10, 95% CI 0.41 to 1.79, p=0.002). Female sex (−4.21, 95% CI −6.75 to −1.71, p=0.001), older age (−0.12, 95% CI −0.23 to −0.02, p=0.020), lower education level (overall p<0.001), ethnicity (overall p=0.002), Norwegian nationality (10.27, 95% CI 8.19 to 12.40, p<0.001) and reduced self-reported health status (0.19, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.41, p=0.003) were significantly associated with negative perceptions of generic medicines. There was no evidence to suggest that perceptions of generic medicines moderate the association between sociodemographic and clinical variables and medication adherence (p≥0.077 for all covariates). Moreover, self-reported medication adherence was high, with 99% scoring at or above the Medication Adherence Report Scale midpoint at both time points. There were no substantial correlations between negative perceptions of generic medicines and medication non-adherence at 2 months (r=0.041, 95% CI 0.002 to 0.081, p=0.037) or 6 months (r=0.038, 95% CI −0.005 to 0.081, p=0.057).

Conclusions

Mistrust and uncertainty about the safety and efficacy of generic medicines remains in a sizeable proportion of patients after PCI. This applies especially to those of lower socioeconomic status, older age, female sex, immigrants and those with poorer mental health. However, this study demonstrated a shift towards more positive perceptions of generic medicines in the longer term.
Realist inquiry into Maternity care @ a Distance (ARM@DA): realist review protocol
Authors: Evans Catrin , Evans Kerry , Booth Andrew , Timmons Stephen , Jones Nia , Nazmeen Benash , Sunney Candice , Clowes Mark , Clancy Georgia , Spiby Helen
Published: September 2022

Introduction

One of the most commonly reported COVID-19-related changes to all maternity services has been an increase in the use of digital clinical consultations such as telephone or video calling; however, the ways in which they can be optimally used along maternity care pathways remain unclear. It is imperative that digital service innovations do not further exacerbate (and, ideally, should tackle) existing inequalities in service access and clinical outcomes. Using a realist approach, this project aims to synthesise the evidence around implementation of digital clinical consultations, seeking to illuminate how they can work to support safe, personalised and appropriate maternity care and to clarify when they might be most appropriately used, for whom, when, and in what contexts?

Methods and analysis

The review will be conducted in four iterative phases, with embedded stakeholder involvement: (1) refining the review focus and generating initial programme theories, (2) exploring and developing the programme theories in light of evidence, (3) testing/refining the programme theories and (4) constructing actionable recommendations. The review will draw on four sources of evidence: (1) published literature (searching nine bibliographic databases), (2) unpublished (grey) literature, including research, audit, evaluation and policy documents (derived from Google Scholar, website searches and e-thesis databases), (3) expertise contributed by service user and health professional stakeholder groups (n=20–35) and (4) key informant interviews (n=12). Included papers will consist of any study design, in English and from 2010 onwards. The review will follow the Realist and Meta-narrative Evidence Synthesis Evolving Standards quality procedures and reporting guidance.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval has been obtained from the University of Nottingham, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Ethics Committee (FMHS 426–1221). Informed consent will be obtained for all key informant interviews. Findings will be disseminated in a range of formats relevant to different audiences.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42021288702.
Preventive strategies of cancer therapeutics-related cardiotoxicity in childhood cancer survivors: a protocol of systematic review
Authors: Zhang Xin-Yu , Wang Quan , Yang Ke-Lu , Wei Dang , Liu Xiao-Nan
Published: September 2022

Introduction

Five-year survival in childhood cancer has been improved markedly in the past decades. Childhood cancer survivors are at high risk of cardiovascular diseases due to anticancer therapy-induced cardiotoxicity. The comprehensive evidence for the prevention of anticancer therapy-induced cardiovascular disease is, however, sparse. The systematic review described in the protocol aims to summarise the effect of current prevention for anticancer therapy-induced cardiotoxicity among childhood cancer survivors.

Methods and analysis

This protocol is reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols checklist. We will search PubMed (via Medline), Embase and the Cochrane Library and include the studies investigating the effect of prevention against anticancer therapy-induced cardiotoxicity of childhood cancer. To assess the risk of bias, we will use the Cochrane Collaboration’s risk of bias tool for randomised control trials and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cohort studies and case–control studies. Furthermore, we will conduct meta-analyses if there is no substantial clinical heterogeneity between included studies. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation will be used to evaluate the quality of evidence.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval is not needed for systematic review of published data. The findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated at scientific conferences.

PROSPERO registration number

CRD42022333877.
Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in children with neurological impairment: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Dewan Tammie , Turner Justine , Lethebe Brendan Cord , Johnson David W
Published: September 2022

Objectives

To determine the incidence and prevalence of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) diagnosis and treatment in children with neurological impairment (NI) along with relationship to key variables.

Design

This is a population-based retrospective cohort study.

Setting

This study takes place in Alberta, Canada.

Patients

Children with NI were identified by hospital-based International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes from 2006 to 2018.

Main outcome measures

Incidence and prevalence of a GERD diagnosis identified by: (1) hospital-based ICD-10 codes; (2) specialist claims; (3) dispensation of acid-suppressing medication (ASM). Age, gender, complex chronic conditions (CCC) and technology assistance were covariates.

Results

Among 10 309 children with NI, 2772 (26.9%) met the GERD definition. The unadjusted incidence rate was 52.1 per 1000 person-years (50.2–54.1). Increasing numbers of CCCs were associated with a higher risk of GERD. The HR for GERD associated with a gastrostomy tube was 4.56 (95% CI 4.15 to 5.00). Overall, 2486 (24.1%) of the children were treated with ASMs of which 1535 (61.7%) met no other GERD criteria. The incidence rate was 16.9 dispensations per year (95% CI 16.73 to 17.07). The prevalence of gastrojejunostomy tubes was 1.1% (n=121), surgical jejunostomy tubes was 0.7% (n=79) and fundoplication was 3.4% (n=351).

Conclusions

The incidence of GERD in children with NI greatly exceeds that of the general paediatric population. Similarly, incidence rate of medication dispensations was closer to the rates seen in adults particularly in children with multiple CCCs and gastrostomy tubes. Further research is needed to determine the appropriate use of ASMs balancing the potential for adverse effects in this population.
Clinician’s guide to the basic principles of MRI
Authors: Azhar Syifa , Chong Le Roy
Published: September 2022

MRI is an important and widely used imaging modality for clinical diagnosis. This article provides a concise discussion of the basic principles of MRI physics for non-radiology clinicians, with a general explanation of the fundamentals of signal generation and image contrast mechanisms. Common pulse sequences, tissue suppression techniques and use of gadolinium contrast with relevant clinical applications are presented. Knowledge of these concepts would provide an appreciation of how MR images are acquired and interpreted to facilitate interdisciplinary understanding between radiologists and referring clinicians.
Arthropod-borne encephalitis: an overview for the clinician and emerging considerations
Authors: Boruah Abhilasha Pankaj , Thakur Kiran T
Published: September 2022

The rapid spread of arboviral infections in recent years has continually established arthropod-borne encephalitis to be a pressing global health concern. Causing a wide range of clinical presentations ranging from asymptomatic infection to fulminant neurological disease, the hallmark features of arboviral infection are important to clinically recognise. Arboviral infections may cause severe neurological presentations such as meningoencephalitis, epilepsy, acute flaccid paralysis and stroke. While the pathogenesis of arboviral infections is still being investigated, shared neuroanatomical pathways among these viruses may give insight into future therapeutic targets. The shifting infection transmission patterns and evolving distribution of arboviral vectors are heavily influenced by global climate change and human environmental disruption, therefore it is of utmost importance to consider this potential aetiology when assessing patients with encephalitic presentations.
Functional renormalization of spinless triangular-lattice fermions: N-patch vs. truncated-unity scheme
Authors: Gneist Nico , Kiese Dominik , Henkel Ravn , Thomale Ronny , Classen Laura , Scherer Michael M.
Published: September 2022

We study competing orders of spinless fermions in the triangular-lattice Hubbard model with nearest-neighbor interaction. We calculate the effective, momentum-resolved two-particle vertex in an unbiased way in terms of the functional renormalization group method and compare two different schemes for the momentum discretization, one based on dividing the Fermi surface into patches and one based on a channel decomposition. We study attractive and repulsive nearest-neighbor interaction and find a competition of pairing and charge instabilities. In the attractive case, a Pomeranchuk instability occurs at Van Hove filling and f-wave and p-wave pairing emerge when the filling is reduced. In the repulsive case, we obtain a charge density wave at Van Hove filling and extended p-wave pairing with reduced filling. The p-wave pairing solution is doubly degenerate and can realize chiral $$p+ip$$

p
+
i
p

superconductivity with different Chern numbers in the ground state. We discuss implications for strongly correlated spin-orbit coupled hexagonal electron systems such as moiré heterostructures.

Graphic Abstract
OsciHead
Authors: Hung Ching-Wen , Tsai Hsin-Ruey , Su Chi-Chun , Chiu Jui-Cheng , Chen Bing-Yu
Published: September 2022

Current haptic devices are usually designed to provide one type of force feedback; however, most VR scenarios require versatile force feedback, which may require the integration of different devices to provide various types of forces. In addition, besides the main haptic effects caused by the forces, multiple types of oscillation may also commonly accompany them, which are crucial for improving VR realism and immersion. Therefore, we simulate versatile force feedback by rendering the corresponding types of oscillation as the effects caused by those forces. We take inertia and impact forces as examples in this paper, and achieve versatility using the proposed device, OsciHead, on a head-mounted display (HMD), instead of integrating different devices. By controlling elastic bands' elasticity and stored power, OsciHead uses two rotatable oscillators on both sides of the HMD, in order to render various multilevel and multidimensional oscillation feedback in 2D translation and 2D rotation directions on a head. In an exploratory study, we explored different scenarios in which multiple types of oscillation could be simulated by OsciHead. We then observed oscillation level distinguishability in two just-noticeable difference (JND) studies, and evaluated the oscillation type recognition rates in a recognition study. Based on the results, we performed a VR study, which verified that the inertia and impact feedback simulated by OsciHead enhances realism and achieves versatility.
Conductive Fiducial Tangibles for Everyone
Authors: Steuerlein Benedict , Mayer Sven
Published: September 2022

While tangibles enrich the interaction with touchscreens, with projected capacitive screens being mainstream, the recognition possibilities of tangibles are nearly lost. Deep learning approaches to improve the recognition of conductive triangles require collecting huge amounts of data and domain-specific knowledge for hyperparameter tuning. To overcome this drawback, we present a toolkit that allows everyone to train a deep learning tangible recognizer based on simulated data. Our toolkit uses a pre-trained Generative Adversarial Network to simulate the imprint of fiducial tangibles, which we then use to train a deployable recognizer based on our pre-defined neuronal network architecture. Our evaluation shows that our approach can recognize fiducial tangibles such as AprilTags with an average accuracy of 99.3% and an average rotation error of only 4.9°. Thus, our toolkit is a plug-and-play solution requiring no domain knowledge and no data collection but allows designers to use deep learning approaches in their design process.
The Skewed Privacy Concerns of Bystanders in Smart Environments
Authors: Windl Maximiliane , Mayer Sven
Published: September 2022

As ubiquitous computing brings sensors and actuators directly into our homes, they introduce privacy concerns for the owners and bystanders. However, privacy concerns may vary among devices and depend on the bystanders' social relation to the owner. In this work, we hypothesize 1) that bystanders assign more privacy concerns to smart home devices than personal computing devices, such as smartphones, even though they have the same capabilities, and 2) that a stronger social relationship mitigates some of the bystanders' privacy concerns. By conducting an online survey (n=170), we found that personal computing devices are perceived as significantly less privacy-concerning than smart home devices while having equal capabilities. By varying the assumed social relationship, we further found that a stronger connection to the owner reduces privacy concerns. Thus, as bystanders underestimate the risk of personal computing devices and are generally concerned about smart home devices, it is essential to alert the user about the presence of both. We argue that bystanders have to be informed about the privacy risks while entering a new space, in the best case, already in the entrance area.
Holding Your Hand on the Danger Button
Authors: Dixon Matt , Nicholson James , Branley-Bell Dawn , Briggs Pam , Coventry Lynne
Published: September 2022

Phishing emails continue to be a major cause of cybersecurity breaches despite the development of technical measures designed to thwart these attacks. Most phishing studies have investigated desktop email platforms, but the use of mobile devices for email exchanges has soared in recent years, especially amongst young adults. In this paper, we explore how the digital platform (desktop vs. mobile) influences users' phish detection strategies. Twenty-one young adults (18-25 years) were asked to rate the legitimacy of emails using a live inbox test while using a think-aloud protocol on both platforms. Our results suggest that a lack of knowledge about key defence information on the mobile platform results in weak phish detection. We discuss the implications of these findings and offer design recommendations to support effective phish detection by smartphone users.
#34;You have been in Close Contact with a Person Infected with COVID-19 and you may have been Infected#34;
Authors: Kulyk Oksana , Britton-Steele Lauren , Paja Elda , Duckert Melanie , Barkhuus Louise
Published: September 2022

Through the past two and a half years, COVID-19 has swept through the world and new technologies for mitigating spread, such as exposure notification applications and contact tracing, have been implemented in many countries. However, the uptake has differed from country to country and it has not been clear if culture, death rates or information dissemination have been a factor in their adoption rate. However, these apps introduce issues of trust and privacy protection, which can create challenges in terms of adoptions and daily use. In this paper we present the results from a cross-country survey study of potential barriers to adoption of in particular COVID-19 contact tracing apps. We found that people's existing privacy concerns are an have a reverse correlation with adoption behavior but that the geographical location, as well as other demographics, such as age and gender, do not have significant effect on either adoption of the app or privacy concerns. Instead, a better understanding of what data is collected through the apps lead to a higher level of adoption. We provide suggestions for how to approach the development and deployment of contact tracing apps and more broadly health tracking apps.
How to Display Vehicle Information to Users of Automated Vehicles When Conducting Non-Driving-Related Activities
Authors: Dandekar Aditya , Mathis Lesley-Ann , Berger Melanie , Pfleging Bastian
Published: September 2022

Automated vehicles (AVs) are expected to enable users to engage in non-driving-related activities (NDRAs). However, users do not easily trust an automated vehicle which poses new challenges for automotive human-machine interfaces (HMIs). Over-presenting vehicle information can distract users from NDRAs, and under-presentation can impact trust and user experience (UX) negatively. To investigate how to best present vehicle information to foster users' trust and UX while performing NDRAs, we designed two in-vehicle HMI concepts: 1) A colored and animated light bar display around the windshield and 2) a windshield display interface presenting pictograms and numbers. Results from a simulator study ($N=18$) indicate that both concepts contribute to a high trust level and UX while not affecting the NDRA performance compared to the baseline of not showing vehicle information. In addition, the light bar provides better UX than the windshield display and is also preferred by users. With our findings, we contribute to the effective design of presenting vehicle information in automated vehicles.
An Investigation of Shoulder Surfing Attacks on Touch-Based Unlock Events
Authors: Schneegass Stefan , Saad Alia , Heger Roman , Delgado Rodriguez Sarah , Poguntke Romina , Alt Florian
Published: September 2022

This paper contributes to our understanding of user-centered attacks on smartphones. In particular, we investigate the likelihood of so-called shoulder surfing attacks during touch-based unlock events and provide insights into users' views and perceptions. To do so, we ran a two-week in-the-wild study (N=12) in which we recorded images with a 180-degree field of view lens that was mounted on the smartphone's front-facing camera. In addition, we collected contextual information and allowed participants to assess the situation. We found that only a small fraction of shoulder surfing incidents that occur during authentication are actually perceived as threatening. Furthermore, our findings suggest that our notions of (un)safe places need to be rethought. Our work is complemented by a discussion of implications for future user-centered attack-aware systems. This work can serve as a basis for usable security researchers to better design systems against user-centered attacks.
BreatheBuddy
Authors: Rahman Md Mahbubur , Ahmed Tousif , Ahmed Mohsin Yusuf , Dinh Minh , Nemati Ebrahim , Kuang Jilong , Gao Jun Alex
Published: September 2022

Breathing exercises reduce stress and improve overall mental well-being. There are various types of breathing exercises. Performing the exercises correctly may give the best outcome and doing it in wrong ways can sometimes have adverse effect. Providing real-time biofeedback can greatly improve the user experience in doing the right exercises in the right ways. In this paper, we present methods to passively track breathing biomarkers in real-time using wireless commodity earbuds and generate feedback on users' breathing performance. We use the earbud's low-power accelerometer to generate a comprehensive set of breathing biomarkers including breathing phase, breathing rate, depth of breathing, and breathing symmetry. We have conducted studies where the subjects performed different types of guided breathing exercises while wearing the earbuds. Our algorithms detect breathing phases with 90.91% F1-score and estimate breathing rate with 95.05% accuracy. We further show that our algorithms can be used to generate biofeedback towards designing engaging smartphone's user interactions that facilitate users to accurately perform various breathing exercises.
Perceptual Visibility Model for Temporal Contrast Changes in Periphery
Authors: Tursun Cara , Didyk Piotr
Published: September 2022

Modeling perception is critical for many applications and developments in computer graphics to optimize and evaluate content generation techniques. Most of the work to date has focused on central (foveal) vision. However, this is insufficient for novel wide-field-of-view display devices, such as virtual and augmented reality headsets. Furthermore, the perceptual models proposed for the fovea do not readily extend to the off-center, peripheral visual field, where human perception is drastically different. In this article, we focus on modeling the temporal aspect of visual perception in the periphery. We present new psychophysical experiments that measure the sensitivity of human observers to different spatio-temporal stimuli across a wide field of view. We use the collected data to build a perceptual model for the visibility of temporal changes at different eccentricities in complex video content. Finally, we discuss, demonstrate, and evaluate several problems that can be addressed using our technique. First, we show how our model enables injecting new content into the periphery without distracting the viewer, and we discuss the link between the model and human attention. Second, we demonstrate how foveated rendering methods can be evaluated and optimized to limit the visibility of temporal aliasing.
Effects of Connection Mode on Ethanol Gas-Sensing Properties of Different WO3 Nanostructures
Authors: Wu Menghan , Zeng Wen
Published: September 2022

Here, we used a simple hydrothermal route to controllably synthesize a connection-enriched two-dimensional WO3 network comprising nanorods and a transfer-favored two-dimensional WO3 network comprising nanowires. The network compositions were studied by X-ray powder diffraction. Their structures were observed by transmission electron microscope and scanning electron microscope imaging. We used ethanol vapor to test the gas-sensing performances of the two kinds of networks. The gas sensitivity test results showed that the connection-enriched two-dimensional WO3 network comprising nanorods and a transfer-favored two-dimensional WO3 network comprising nanowires obtained a gas response of 12.5 and 27.5, to 200 ppm ethanol at 300 °C. We attribute these differences to greater density of electron transmission channels in the former network.
Sensitive, Selective and Simultaneous Monitor of Multiple Heavy Metals in Environment Using a Low-Cost MIL-53(Fe)/Ag2CrO4 Modified GCE Sensor
Authors: Guo Xiaomin , Chen Pinghua , Jiang Hualin , Tang Xiaoqiu , Huang Yiping , Wu Guanghui , Zhang Jian
Published: September 2022

Due to the strong toxicity of heavy metal ions to public health and the environment, it is a great challenge to develop a method for ultra sensitive capture and determination of heavy metal ions effectively. Herein, a novel heterostructure composite (MIL-53(Fe)/Ag2CrO4, named MA(1:x)) was prepared by a simple method successfully. MA(1:x) modified GCE was applied to detect heavy metals ions simultaneously. Significantly, the designed MA(1:1)/GCE sensors performed outstanding detection performances. The wide ranges of 7.49 ∼ 320.00 μmol l−1 and 7.49 ∼ 320.04 μmol l−1 are obtained for Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions, respectively. The LOD of the MA(1:1)/GCE sensor was determined to be 27.40 nmol l−1 (5.68 ppb) for Pb(II) and 86.96 nmol l−1 (5.52 ppb) for Cu(II) ion simultaneously, which are lower than the allowable level of drinking water stipulated by the World Health Organization (WHO). Possible detection mechanism by the MA(1:1)/GCE was discussed. The MA(1:1)/GCE was successfully applied to monitor heavy metal ions locate in tap and river water. The recoveries are in the range of 93.86%–104.4%, which further proves the potential in analyzing real samples. Moreover, the MA(1:1)/GCE also showed excellent stability, selectivity, reproducibility. A novel method was provided to construct sensitive sensors for simultaneous analysis of different metal ions.
Metal-free Photochemically Mediated ATRP for Ultrasensitive Quantification of CYFRA 21–1 for Detection of Early Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Si Fuchun , Sun Yuzhi , Ba Yanyan , Guo Liang , Liu Yanju , Kong Jinming
Published: September 2022

A convenient electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor for sensitive detecting CYFRA 21–1 via metal-free photoinduced atom transfer radical polymerization (photo-ATRP) strategy was constructed for the first time. The CYFRA 21–1 antigen was modified on the Au electrode surface by constructing a sandwich type antibody-antigen-antibody immune system, which could achieve high selectivity through twice specific recognition. Photo-ATRP, which can avoid the use of heavy metal catalysts, and control the polymerization reaction by turning the light on and off, was activated by the photoredox catalyst Esion Y (EY) upon 470 nm blue light (24 V/15 W) irradiation. Whereafter, a large number of luminol binding sites were generated, which resulted in significant signal amplification. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the biosensor displayed an ideal linear relationship in the range from 10 fg ml−1 to 1 ng ml−1 with a low detection limit of 5.8 fg ml−1, which can realize the trace detection of CYFRA 21–1. Furthermore, the prepared ECL biosensor exhibited specific selectivity, outstanding stability and reproducibility. This ECL sensing systems highlighted the advances of using metal-free photo-ATRP signal amplification strategy in the developments of highly efficient and environmentally friendly immunosensors for CYFRA 21–1 detection.
A Comparative Analysis of Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of Polyaniline/Ferrite (Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) Composites
Authors: Sehrawat Swati , Saini Monika , Bhankhar Anupama , Shukla Rajni
Published: September 2022

Considering the magnificent optical and electric properties of polyaniline (PANI), in this study, PANI, PANI/MFe2O4(M=Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn) composites were studied. Polyaniline and their composites with ferrites were prepared via chemical oxidation method. Ferrites were synthesized through co-precipitation method. Structural properties were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) respectively. Their results reveal the semi-crystalline nature of synthesized materials with the crystallite size in the range of 21.78 to 37.20 nm. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis also confirmed the formation of all the nano-sized synthesized composites. In the UV–vis analysis, the optical band gap of composites is reducing upto 1.01 eV for PANI-cobalt ferrite as compared to pure PANI (2.38 eV). The inclusions of ferrites particles have caused an enhancement in electrical conductivity of pure PANI. It is 3*10−4 S cm−1 at high frequency for PANI and increased upto 5*10−4 S cm−1 for PANI-Zinc Ferrite composite. The investigated data shows the enhanced optical and electric properties of PANI/ferrites composites to a great extent, making them promising materials for different applications.
Low-cost Energy Harvesting using ZnO Nanorods on Paper Substrate
Authors: Geetha P , Jothiprashanth R S
Published: September 2022

Metal oxide based Nanodevices are used for energy generation, storage, and harvesting. Among the other metal oxides, ZnO shows high performance in piezoelectric energy generation. In this work, electrical energy generated from the stress produced by alphabets has been studied on 1D nanorods taking paper as a flexible and low-cost substrate for a novel wearable device. The study started with applying force on a single rod on the total surface, then on a small block out of the total surface, followed by line force and the letter “A” on the single block. Then, the array of nanorods is taken and tested for a line stroke, for the letters “ECE” and for SVEC ECE. It is found that the pressure applied to the material plays a significant role in voltage generation because the pressure distribution through the surface is inversely proportional to the material strength. Also, the varying height of the rods shows a great effect on the energy produced. When the height of the rods is halved, the energy produced is considerably reduced to half.
Decoding the Mechanism of CheReCunJin Formula in Treating Sjögren’s Syndrome Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Xu Xiaoyu , Wang Linshuang , Chen Qian , Wang Zikang , Pan Xun , Peng Xike , Wang Miao , Wei Dongfeng , Li Yanping , Wu Bin
Published: September 2022

Background. Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by progressive oral and ocular dryness that correlates poorly with autoimmune damage to the glands. CheReCunJin (CRCJ) formula is a prescription formulated according to the Chinese medicine theory for SS treatment. Objective. This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanisms of CRCJ against SS. Methods. The databases, including Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology, Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Bioinformatics Analysis Tool for the molecular mechanism of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and Traditional Chinese Medicine Integrated Databases, obtained the active ingredients and predicted targets of CRCJ. Then, DrugBank, Therapeutic Target Database, Genecards, Comparative Toxicogenomics Database, and DisGeNET disease databases were used to screen the predicted targets of SS. Intersected targets of CRCJ and SS were visualized by using Venn diagrams. The overlapping targets were uploaded to the protein–protein interaction network analysis search tool. Cytoscape 3.8.2 software constructed a “compound-targets-disease” network. Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses characterized potential targets’ biological functions and pathways. AutoDock Vina 1.1.2 software was used to research and verify chemical effective drug components and critical targets. Results. From the database, we identified 878 active components and 2578 targets of CRCJ, and 827 SS-related targets. 246 SS-related genes in CRCJ were identified by intersection analysis, and then ten hub genes were identified as crucial potential targets from PPI, including ALB, IL-6, TNF, INS, AKT1, IL1B, VEGFA, TP53, JUN, and TLR4. The process of CRCJ action against SS was mainly involved in human cytomegalovirus infection and Th17 cell differentiation, as well as the toll-like receptor signaling and p53 signaling pathways. Molecular docking showed that the bioactive compounds of CRCJ had a good binding affinity with hub targets. Conclusions. The results showed that CRCJ could activate multiple pathways and treat SS through multiple compounds and targets. This study lays a foundation for better elucidation of the molecular mechanism of CRCJ in the treatment of SS, and also provides basic guidance for future research on Chinese herbal compounds.
Three-Level SOC Equalization Control Strategy for MMC-BESS Based on Feedforward Sliding Window Integral Method
Authors: Cheng Yuan , Zhang Hui , Wei Xiaohui , Shao Wenquan
Published: September 2022

The modular multilevel converter of the battery energy storage system (MMC-BESS) not only is suitable for the large-scale energy storage and dispatching of AC and DC grids, but also has a strong ability to suppress power fluctuations caused by the new energy output or grid failures. When an asymmetric voltage or a sudden change in DC load occurs in the AC grid, in order to compensate for the power difference between AC and DC sides, the energy storage submodule of the MMC-BESS will have a large unbalanced charging and discharging current, destroying the equalization state of SOC and seriously affecting energy storage capacity utilization and battery service life. In order to deal with the above problems, in this paper, the characteristics of the power difference between the MMC-BESS phase unit and the upper and lower bridge arms are analyzed. It is found that when considering the fluctuation of the submodule capacitor voltage, the phase unit power has the fundamental frequency AC circulating current component, and the power difference between the upper and lower bridge arms has the DC circulating current component. Therefore, the three-level SOC equalization correction control strategy is proposed based on interphase, upper and lower bridge arms, and submodules, and the feedforward sliding window integral method is introduced into the SOC equalization correction control layer of upper and lower bridge arms, so as to achieve the purpose of more balanced and accurate power distribution among phases and among upper and lower bridge arms of each phase. The simulation results show that the MMC-BESS has effective compensation ability when there is a large power difference in the AC and DC power grid. Under the unbalanced working conditions of the three-phase power grid, the three-phase AC current can quickly reach equalization, and the total harmonic content is 1.38%, and the unbalance degree is 2.4%. Under the same operating conditions, compared with the traditional optimal one-third average method, the SOC equalization correction control strategy proposed in this paper has smaller submodule capacitor voltage fluctuation rate, harmonic distortion rate, and three-phase system circulating current. And the SOC of each phase has a faster equalization convergence speed.
Recognition and Prediction Method of Music and Dance Movements Based on G-ResNet SPP and Attention Mechanism
Authors: Shao Hongbo
Published: September 2022

Aiming at the problems of difficult action recognition and low prediction accuracy in the process of music and dance movement. This paper proposes a music and dance motion recognition and prediction method based on G-ResNet SPP (Spatial Pyramid Pooling) and attention mechanism, so as to improve the accuracy of motion feature recognition. Firstly, the action recognition model is described, and the related theoretical basis and the construction of sampling function and weight function in action recognition are described. Secondly, the recognition method of the encoder-decoder design framework is described; finally, a group of music and dance sequences are used to verify the system, and the results show that the recognition effect of the G-ResNet + APP + ATTEN model has better performance in different experimental data sets.
Efficacy of Intra-Articular Injection of Platelet-Rich Plasma Combined with Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zeng Weipeng , Wang Gongze , Liao Xinping , Pei Caifeng
Published: September 2022

Objective. This study systematically evaluated the effect of intra-articular injection of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) on knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Methods. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of PRP combined with MSC in the treatment of KOA were collected from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Wiley online library, CNKI, and Wanfang databases from inception to July 30, 2022. Two researchers read and screened the literature to extract the data, respectively. After conducting a risk-of-bias assessment of included data, RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. The Cochrane Handbook risk-of-bias assessment tool was used to evaluate the included literature. Results. A total of 9 papers with 480 KOA patients were included in this study. Significant differences in terms of visual analogue scale (VAS) score (MD = −1.10, 95% CI −1.91 to −0.29),

P
=
0.008

) and knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) (MD = 4.56, 95% CI 0.54–8.58,

P
=
0.050

) were noted between the 2 groups. Subgroup analysis found that MD = 1.66 in KOOS-pain-1 group (95% CI (0.10, 3.22),

P
=
0.040

), which is significant. The MD for KOOS total score and IKDC scores between the two groups was MD = 6.31 (95% CI 2.73–9.88,

P
=
0.0005

) and MD = 3.05 (95% CI −7.09–13.20,

P
=
0.56

), respectively. Conclusion. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of KOA with PRP combined with MSC.
Scrutinization of Slip Due to Lateral Velocity on the Dynamics of Engine Oil Conveying Cupric and Alumina Nanoparticles Subject to Coriolis Force
Authors: Arshad Mubashar , Hussain Azad , Hassan Ali , Karamti Hanen , Wróblewski Piotr , Khan Ilyas , Andualem Mulugeta , Galal Ahmed M.
Published: September 2022

This study is an attempt to investigate the three-dimensional flow of engine oil-based nanofluid under the impact of rotation and partial slip phenomenon over a stretchable surface. Partial slip condition is incorporated into the system at boundaries and the arising quotient of angular speed to stretching constant is regarded as rotation impression on freely moving three-dimensional flow of copper oxide-engine oil and aluminum oxide-engine oil nanofluid. The designed problem has been tackled numerically with the boundary value problem technique, this numerical mechanism requires one to transform the flow governing highly nonlinear PDEs into first-order differential equations along with associated boundary conditions. This procedure is carried out by employing a suitable similarity transformation. The investigation determines the impact of slip and rotation on primary and secondary velocity profiles, shear stress rates, and heat transfer coefficient. Minimum skin friction and Maximum Nusselt number has been observed for

CuO
−
Engine Oil

nanofluid under partial slip parameter as compared to

Al

2

O

3

−
Engine Oil

nanofluid. Reduced skin coefficients were achieved for both nanofluids. Moreover, the outcomes of the study have been related with already available literature and were found in good agreement.
The Fusion Application of Deep Learning Biological Image Visualization Technology and Human-Computer Interaction Intelligent Robot in Dance Movements
Authors: Jin Nian , Wen Lan , Xie Kun
Published: September 2022

The paper aims to apply the deep learning-based image visualization technology to extract, recognize, and analyze human skeleton movements and evaluate the effect of the deep learning-based human-computer interaction (HCI) system. Dance education is researched. Firstly, the Visual Geometry Group Network (VGGNet) is optimized using Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). Then, the VGGNet extracts the human skeleton movements in the OpenPose database. Secondly, the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network is optimized and recognizes human skeleton movements. Finally, an HCI system for dance education is designed based on the extraction and recognition methods of human skeleton movements. Results demonstrate that the highest extraction accuracy is 96%, and the average recognition accuracy of different dance movements is stable. The effectiveness of the proposed model is verified. The recognition accuracy of the optimized F-Multiple LSTMs is increased to 88.9%, suitable for recognizing human skeleton movements. The dance education HCI system’s interactive accuracy built by deep learning-based visualization technology reaches 92%; the overall response time is distributed between 5.1 s and 5.9 s. Hence, the proposed model has excellent instantaneity. Therefore, the deep learning-based image visualization technology has enormous potential in human movement recognition, and combining deep learning and HCI plays a significant role.
Notion of New Structure of Uncertain Sequences Using Δ‐Spaces
Authors: AlBaidani Mashael M.
Published: September 2022

The object of this paper is to introduce a new approach of Δ‐operator on the theory of uncertainty using sequence spaces. Also, some structural properties will be studied. Moreover, inclusion relations concerning the newly constructed spaces of this paper will be taken care of.