bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Structural and functional leaf diversity lead to variability in photosynthetic capacity across a range of Juglans regia genotypes
Authors: Momayyezi Mina , Rippner Devin , Duong Fiona , Raja Pranav , Brown Pat , Kluepfel Dan , Earles Jeffrey , Forrestel Elisabeth , Gilbert Matthew , McElrone Andrew
Published: October 2021

Similar to other cropping systems, few walnut cultivars are used as
scion in commercial production. Germplasm collections can be used to
diversify cultivar options and hold potential for improving crop
productivity, disease resistance and stress tolerance. In this study we
explored the anatomical and biochemical bases of photosynthetic capacity
in 11 J. regia accessions in the USDA-ARS National Clonal
Germplasm Repository. Net assimilation rate (A)
differed significantly among accessions and was greater in those from
lower latitudes coincident with increases in stomatal and mesophyll
conductance, leaf thickness, mesophyll porosity and gas-phase diffusion,
and leaf nitrogen, and lower leaf mass and stomatal density. High
CO-saturated assimilation rates led to increases in
A under limiting conditions. Greater
A was found in lower latitude accessions native
to climates with more frost-free days, greater precipitation
seasonality, and lower temperature seasonality. As expected, water
stress consistently impaired photosynthesis with the highest %
reductions in three lower latitude accessions (A3, A5, and A9), which
had the highest A under well-watered conditions.
However, A for A3 and A5 remained amongst the
highest under dehydration. J. regia accessions, which have leaf
structural traits and biochemistry that enhance photosynthesis, could be
used as commercial scions or breeding parents to enhance productivity.
Dark respiration rates are not determined by differences in mitochondrial capacity, abundance and ultrastructure in C4 leaves
Authors: Fan Yuzhen , Scafaro Andrew , Asao Shinichi , Furbank Robert , Agostino Antony , Day David A. , Caemmerer Susanne von , Danila Florence , Rug Melanie , Webb Daryl , Lee Jiwon , Atkin Owen
Published: October 2021

Our understanding of the regulation of respiration in C
plants, where mitochondria play different roles in the different types
of C photosynthetic pathway, remains limited. We
examined how leaf dark respiration rates (R),
in the presence and absence of added malate, vary in monocots
representing the three classical biochemical types of C
photosynthesis (NADP-ME, NAD-ME and PCK) using intact leaves and
extracted bundle sheath strands. In particular, we explored to what
extent R are associated with mitochondrial
number, volume and ultrastructure. We found that the respiratory
response of NAD-ME and PCK type bundle sheath strands to added malate
was associated with differences in mitochondrial number, volume, and/or
ultrastructure, while NADP-ME type bundle sheath strands did not respond
to malate addition. In general, mitochondrial traits reflected the
contributions mitochondria make to photosynthesis in the three
C types. However, despite the obvious differences in
mitochondrial traits, no clear correlation was observed between these
traits and R. We suggest that
R is primarily driven by cellular maintenance
demands and not mitochondrial composition per se, in a manner
that is somewhat independent of mitochondrial organic acid cycling in
the light.
Extracranial carotid ultrasound evaluation for ischemic moyamoya disease in adults with different collateral circulation patterns
Authors: Wu Xiaoxi , Meng Lingcui , Jiang Yanhui , Zhou Junhe , Zhao Lin , Zhang Jianxing
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE: To explore the possibility and application value of
extracranial carotid ultrasound in assessing the progress of MMD.
METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the extracranial carotid ultrasound
and DSA data of 89 cases of 53 patients with MMD (moyamoya group) and 90
cases of 45 control patients (control group). According to the DSA data
of the moyamoya group, collateral circulation patterns’ grade and Suzuki
stage were performed. We analyzed the correlation between collateral
circulation patterns and Suzuki stage, and compared the difference of
hemodynamic parameters between different grades of collateral
circulation patterns. RESULTS: (1) As the Suzuki stage increased, the
grade of the collateral circulation pattern subsequently increased. (2)
Compared with the control group, the PSV of ICA in the moyamoya group
was lower (P<0.01)，but the RI value of CCA and PSV of VA was
increased (P<0.05). And the differences in hemodynamic
parameters of ECA (including PSV and RI) were not statistically
different. (3) Comparing hemodynamic parameters between the different
grades of collateral circulation patterns of the control group, Grade 2
showed higher PSV of VA compared with Grade 1 (P <0.05); Grade
3 showed lower RI of ECA compared with Grade 1 and Grade 2 (P
< 0.05). CONCLUSION: There is a correlation between collateral
circulation patterns and Suzuki stage in adult ischemic MMD. There are
differences in the hemodynamic parameters of extracranial carotid
ultrasound in different grades of collateral circulation patterns.
Extracranial carotid ultrasound can assess the progress of MMD in a
timely, effective and convenient manner.
A Rare Case of Necrotizing Fasciitis as Side Effect of Methimazole Administration for Basedow Disease
Authors: Tito Brambullo , Alberto De Lazzari , Paolo Azzena Gian , Giuseppe Masciopinto , Vincenzo Vindigni
Published: October 2021

A rare case of agranulocytosis due to Methimazole administration for Basedow disease is presented.
After 30 days since the therapy beginning a 45 year old female patient has developed a necrotizing fasciitis on both legs, with muscle bellies and Achille’s tendon exposure.
Immediate surgical debridement was necessary to save her life and control the progression of infection.
Several plastic surgery procedures were performed to accomplish wounds healing (vacuum-assisted closure therapy, dermal substitute, free flap, skin graft), and after 75 days the patient was discharged.
An intensive rehabilitation program permitted a complete functional recovery.
After 12 months a reshaping procedure was performed to improve right leg and ankle contour.
The close cooperation between endocrinologist and surgeon revealed to be essential to perform a safe surgery and to permit the return to the job and daily activities.
Pedagogical diagnostics of the levels of formation of professional competence of future managers according to metacognitive skills
Authors: Kryshtanovych Svitlana , Zyazyun Laryssa , Voloshyn Mariia , Babkina Маiya , Yaremko Halyna
Published: October 2021

The main purpose of the study is to conduct pedagogical diagnosis of the levels of professional competence of future managers according to metacognitive skills. The process of forming a specialist of a qualitatively new level is significantly constrained by the existing gap between the achievements of science and education, therefore, the coefficient of useful use of scientific discoveries and new technologies is sharply reduced, basic knowledge is ousted from the content of educational processes by applied knowledge. The present sets before the society the tasks of training physical culture teachers who mastered not only a high level of professional training. As a result, a pedagogical diagnosis of the levels of professional competence of future managers according to metacognitive skills was conducted.
Pembangkitan pola menggunakan konsep grup kertas dinding
Authors: Nataliani Yessica , Wellem Theophilus , Iriani Ade
Published: October 2021

Pola berulang dan simetris berdimensi dua sering dijumpai dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, seperti pada motif kain, paving jalan, barisan tapak kaki seseorang di pasir. Pola berulang dan simetris tersebut terbentuk dari transformasi, yang terdiri dari translasi, rotasi, refleksi, dan refleksi-glide. Dalam matematika, pola berulang dan simetris pada bidang datar, yang terbentuk dari transformasi, termasuk dalam grup simetri bidang datar. Grup simetri bidang datar ini sering disebut juga sebagai grup kristalografi bidang datar atau grup kertas dinding (wallpaper group). Terdapat 17 grup kertas dinding yang dikenal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membangkitkan berbagai macam pola dari suatu pola dasar dengan menerapkan konsep grup kertas dinding. Penelitian dilakukan dengan (1) menentukan dan membuat suatu pola dasar yang digunakan untuk membentuk pola lain, (2) membangkitkan 17 pola yang dibentuk dari 17 grup kertas dinding, dan (3) mengidentifikasi pola gambar yang diperoleh dari internet termasuk ke dalam salah satu grup kertas dinding. Pola dasar yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah spiral. Hasil yang didapat berupa 17 motif spiral yang berbeda dan juga empat motif yang diambil dari internet yang dapat dikenali sebagai salah satu pola dari 17 pola grup kertas dinding.
Versioning Catcher Software (VCS) untuk mendeteksi Sensitive Information File Versioning pada Linux Server
Authors: Nugraha Rhenaldo Delfi , Chandra Dian Widiyanto
Published: October 2021

Abstrak Website merupakan media yang sangat populer untuk menemukan informasi. Membangun sebuah website diperlukan banyak sekali komponen file yang nantinya disimpan di dalam server. Untuk meminimalisir terjadinya peretasan website, diperlukan keamanan dari sisi sistem dan sisi pengguna. Berdasarkan TOP 10 OWASP, salah satu kerentanan yang biasa muncul adalah bocornya informasi sensitif akibat dari file versioning yang berada dalam server. Demi meminimalisir terjadinya kebocoran informasi sensitif dari kerentanan tersebut, maka penulis membuat program Versioning Catcher Software (VCS) yang berfungsi untuk mendeteksi keberadaan file versioning tersebut. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk melindungi dan mencegah bocornya informasi sensitif di server. Hasil pembahasan dari penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk meminimalisir terjadinya peretasan server akibat dari file versioning berisi informasi sensitif yang tidak segera ditangani.
Perancangan sistem informasi penyimpanan data koperasi berbasis web
Authors: Praditya Bryan Adha Elang , Nataliani Yessica , Tanaem Penidas Fiodinggo
Published: October 2021

Cooperation as one of the driving wheels of the economy also require technology in the implementation of their operations. The application of the information system to the cooperation will affect the cooperative's performance. The Tani Makmur Cooperation in Klaten is a cooperative that helps farmers in managing rice fields, but does not yet have a web-based system that can integrate the required information. In this study, a web-based information system was designed that can be used as data storage, using a waterfall model. Data were collected by observation, interviews, and SWOT analysis. The resulting information system consists of the menu Master Data, Transactions, Reports, Settings, Graphics, Backups, and Help. Cooperation members can carry out storage, borrowing and installment transactions through the Transaction menu. The cooperation admin can view all transactions through the Reports menu. The resulting web-based information system can be used to store cooperation data, thereby expediting and accelerating the transaction process for Koperasi Tani Makmur customers and also reducing the risk of data loss..
Sistem optimasi pendistribusian bahan makanan dan snack dengan algoritma Ant Colony Optimization (ACO)
Authors: Prasetyo Lutfi Erik , Istiadi Istiadi , Marisa Fitri
Published: October 2021

Kegiatan distribusi merupakan kegiatan penyaluran barang dan jasa yang dibuat dari produsen ke konsumen agar tersebar luas. Begitulah yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan CV. Landahur , perusahaan ini bertanggung jawab untuk mendistribusikan bahan makanan dan snack dari prinsipal menuju ke customer. Hal tersebut dilakukan supaya memudahkan customer dan produsen baik untuk membeli dan menjual. Dalam prosesnya pendistribusian seorang salesman akan melakukan kunjungan ke customer dengan tujuan untuk menjual bahan makanan dan snack tersebut, Namun dengan banyaknya customer yang perlu dikunjungi maka diperlukan rekomendasi rute terbaik. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan algoritma Ant Colony Optimization (ACO). ACO digunakan karena mampu menunjukan rute terbaik dengan menetapkan parameter-parameter. Pada penelitian ini telah melakukan 2 ujicoba, ujicoba pertama dengan menggunakan 5 data didapatkan jarak 20,3 km dan ujicoba kedua menggunakan 10 data didapatkan jarak rute terbaik 22,96 km dengan parameter yang jumlah semut 3, 2iterasi, α = 1, β = 0,5, ρ = 0,5194, Pheromone awal = 0,1. Dengan adanya sistem tersebut diharapkan dapat membantu salesman mendapatkan informasi rute terbaik dengan tepat dan akurat
Evaluation of GGMs Based on the Terrestrial Gravity Disturbance and Moho Depth in Afar, Ethiopia
Authors: Alemu Eyasu
Published: October 2021

To estimate Moho depth, geoid, gravity anomaly, and other geopotential functionals, gravity data is needed. But, gravity survey was not collected in equal distribution in Ethiopia, as the data forming part of the survey were mainly collected on accessible roads. To determine accurate Moho depth using Global Gravity Models (GGMs) for the study area, evaluation of GGMs is needed based on the available terrestrial gravity data. Moho depth lies between 28 km and 32 km in Afar. Gravity disturbances (GDs) were calculated for the terrestrial gravity data and the recent GGMs for the study area. The model-based GDs were compared with the corresponding GD obtained from the terrestrial gravity data and their differences in terms of statistical comparison parameters for determining the best fit GGM at a local scale in Afar. The largest standard deviation (SD) (36.10 mGal) and root mean square error (RMSE) (39.00 mGal) for residual GD and the lowest correlation with the terrestrial gravity (0.61 mGal) were obtained by the satellite-only model (GO_CONS_GCF_2_DIR_R6). The next largest SD (21.27 mGal) and RMSE (25.65 mGal) for residual GD were obtained by the combined gravity model (XGM2019e_2159), which indicates that it is not the best fit model for the study area as compared with the other two GGMs. In general, the result showed that the combined models are more useful tools for modeling the gravity field in Afar than the satellite-only GGMs. But, the study clearly revealed that for the study area, the best model in comparison with the others is the EGM2008, while the second best model is the EIGEN6C4.
First Results of Time Series Analysis of the Permanent GNSS Observations at Polish EPN Stations Using GipsyX Software
Authors: Łyszkowicz Adam , Pelc-Mieczkowska Renata , Bernatowicz Anna , Savchuk Stepan
Published: October 2021

The aim of this work is to explore, for the first time in Poland, the possibility of determining Earth’s crust movements from permanent observations at selected permanent stations using the GipsyX software for a period of 8 years (2011–2018) in the ITRF2014 reference frame. The data used in this work are from 15 Aktywna Sieć Geodezyjna (ASG)-EUPOS stations from 2011 to 2018, which are also European Permanent Network (EPN) stations. The stations Borowa Góra, Borowiec, Józefosław, Lamkówko, and Wroclaw are also International Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) Service (IGS) stations. Daily data, rinex files, for these stations have been made available for this work by the Main Office of Surveying and Cartography. The calculations were made using the GipsyX software in the ITRF14 reference frame. The tests performed have shown that daily solutions from 8-year-long time series give secular trends with an accuracy of 0.01 mm/yr. Our results suggest that there are small differences in horizontal and vertical velocities and in the accuracy estimated between our and EPN solutions. At some stations, for example, Łódź, the differences are much larger. The impact of additional GNSS observations on the accuracy of determination of horizontal and vertical movements of the Earth’s crust shows a submillimeter accuracy in computed coordinates of stations even at a relatively small time interval. It means that multi-GNSS Precise Point Positioning (PPP) processing can be used in the future for the estimation of geodynamic processes.
CSR&COVID19 – How do they work together? Perceptions of Corporate Social Responsibility transformation during a pandemic crisis. Towards smart development
Authors: Lopata Ewelina , Rogatka Krzysztof
Published: October 2021

Nowadays, enterprises that are looking to achieve market success and maximise profits must not only offer good products or provide superior quality services, but also pay close attention to the environment in which they operate. One of the manifestations of concern for the broadly understood environment (society, environment) is Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). For a good number of years, we have been observing changes in CSR trends, but the situation today demands that organisations update the existing lines of action and meet a whole new level of challenges. This article aims to present the results of case studies of company activities in CSR, as well as a social perception of CSR activities. It also seeks to draw attention to the transformation of ideas during the socio-economic crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic. In order to reach the objective of the study, we used the Computer Assisted (Aided) Web Interviews (CAWI) method. This choice was dictated by the pandemic situation in the country. The research shows that there is a noticeable transformation of the focus of socially responsible activities from a global to a local approach centred around smart development. The study also concludes that the society expects that activities under this approach will be continued in the future. The outcomes also indicate that the pandemic situation has necessitated the introduction of entirely new solutions (among others, remote working) that were not previously perceived as feasible but now have a chance to develop further.
A New Statistical Reconstruction Method for the Computed Tomography Using an X-Ray Tube with Flying Focal Spot
Authors: Cierniak Robert , Pluta Piotr , Waligóra Marek , Szymański Zdzisław , Grzanek Konrad , Pałka Filip , Piuri Vincenzo
Published: October 2021

This paper presents a new image reconstruction method for spiral cone- beam tomography scanners in which an X-ray tube with a flying focal spot is used. The method is based on principles related to the statistical model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR) methodology. The proposed approach is a continuous-to-continuous data model approach, and the forward model is formulated as a shift-invariant system. This allows for avoiding a nutating reconstruction-based approach, e.g. the advanced single slice rebinning methodology (ASSR) that is usually applied in computed tomography (CT) scanners with X-ray tubes with a flying focal spot. In turn, the proposed approach allows for significantly accelerating the reconstruction processing and, generally, for greatly simplifying the entire reconstruction procedure. Additionally, it improves the quality of the reconstructed images in comparison to the traditional algorithms, as confirmed by extensive simulations. It is worth noting that the main purpose of introducing statistical reconstruction methods to medical CT scanners is the reduction of the impact of measurement noise on the quality of tomography images and, consequently, the dose reduction of X-ray radiation absorbed by a patient. A series of computer simulations followed by doctor’s assessments have been performed, which indicate how great a reduction of the absorbed dose can be achieved using the reconstruction approach presented here.
Nuclear warfare beyond counterforce
Authors: Gallagher Mark , Cevallos Michael
Published: October 2021

A counterforce attack intends to disable an opponent's nuclear arsenal to limit potential damage from that adversary. We postulate a future when hardening and deeply burying fixed sites, transition to mobile strategic systems, and improved defences make executing a counterforce strategy against an adversary's nuclear forces extremely difficult. Additionally, our postulated future has multiple nations possessing nuclear weapons. Consequently, each country needs to consider multiple actors when addressing the question of how to deter a potential adversary's nuclear attack. We examine six nuclear targeting alternatives and consider how to deter them. These strategies include nuclear demonstration, conventional military targets, and attacks consisting of communications/electronics, economic, infrastructure, and population centers that a nation might consider striking with nuclear weapons. Since these alternative strikes require only a few nuclear weapons, executing one of them would not significantly shift the balance of nuclear forces. The attacking country's remaining nuclear forces may inhibit the attacked country or its allies from responding. How can nations deter these limited nuclear attacks? Potentially, threatening economic counter-strikes seems to be the best alternative. How might escalation be controlled in the event of a limited attack? Other instruments of power, such as political or economic, might be employed to bolster deterrence against these types of nuclear strikes.
Chatbot as a Tool for Knowledge Sharing in the Maintenance and Repair Processes
Authors: Mleczko Katarzyna
Published: October 2021

In the era of digitization and general access to Internet resources, it seems natural to expect fast, direct, and tailored access to the knowledge of interest. The research shows that the use of modern technologies is not reserved only for industrial solutions, but can be applied in common use. Solutions based on artificial intelligence can provide solutions to many problems of the modern world. This is particularly visible in the era of challenges related to ecology (e.g. minimization of paper consumption) and expectations of fast access to information regardless of place and time. Treating chatbots as a tool supporting the customer in current activities, quick problem-solving shows the potential and care for the image of the producers. Developing the functionality of virtual assistants used for marketing activities with the functionality of technical support can bring tangible benefits both in the economic and social spheres. It should be noted that electronic versions of documents, knowledge transferred in an interactive form can be easily updated and presented in different forms. This increases the attractiveness of transmitted knowledge, users can choose the appropriate form, and access to these resources becomes easier. Artificial intelligence-based tools in the form of chatbots (also called virtual assistants) seem to be a solution worthy of interest. This paper presents the process of developing a virtual assistant to support the maintenance and repair activities of small household appliances. A chatbot aims at gathering in one place and then providing dedicated knowledge resources to an individual user on a just-in-time basis.
Peripheral areas and their distinctive characteristics: The case of Hungary
Authors: Pénzes János , Demeter Gábor
Published: October 2021

The delimitation and classification of peripheral settlements using multivariate statistical methods is presented in this article, with a case study of Hungary. A combination of four different methods provided the basis for the delimitation of settlements defined as peripheral. As significant overlapping was detected between the results of the different methods, peripheries – more than one-fifth of the Hungarian settlements – were identified in a common set of the results. The independence of the results from the applied methods points to the fact that peripherisation is multi-faceted, and the peripheries of Hungary are stable and well-discernible from other regions. After the identification of peripheral areas, we classified these settlements into groups based on their specific features. Multiple steps specifying the relevant variables resulted in selecting the most appropriate 10 indicators and these served as the basis for a hierarchical cluster analysis, through which 7 clusters (types of peripheries) were identified. Five of them comprised enough cases to detect the most important dimensions and specific features of the backwardness of these groups. These clusters demonstrated a spatial pattern and their socioeconomic and infrastructural features highlighted considerable disparities. These differences should be taken into consideration when development policies are applied at regional levels or below.
The role of vocabulary knowledge on inference generation: A meta-analysis
Authors: Sterpin Lucas Federico , Ortiz Sofía Soledad , Formoso Jésica , Barreyro Juan Pablo
Published: October 2021

Successful text comprehension results in a coherent mental model of the situation being described. To achieve this, the reader has to infer certain information by connecting parts of the text to their prior knowledge. An important construct involved in this process is vocabulary knowledge, usually divided into breadth and depth. We conducted a meta-analysis on 23 studies, and explored the fit of five different models to establish an effect size of both dimensions of vocabulary on inference making, as well as its developmental trajectory in children aged 3-12. We found a significant and moderate effect of vocabulary knowledge of both modalities. Vocabulary type was not a significant moderator, but age was, meaning that there was a similar effect for both breadth and depth and that the strength of the correlations decreased with age. Heterogeneity was high overall, meaning that more moderators should be assessed in future studies.
The role of haematological parameters in predicting the response to radical chemoradiotherapy in patients with anal squamous cell cancer
Authors: Stojanovic-Rundic Suzana , Marinkovic Mladen , Cavic Milena , Karapandzic Vesna Plesinac , Gavrilovic Dusica , Jankovic Radmila , de Voer Richarda M. , Castellvi-Bel Sergi , Krivokapic Zoran
Published: October 2021

Background

Historically, the treatment of choice for anal cancer had been abdominoperineal resection (APR). Radical radiotherapy with concurrent 5-fluorouracil plus mitomycin C chemotherapy was later established as standard therapy, although with a failure rate of 20–30%. The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes after radical chemoradiotherapy (CRT), prognostic and predictive factors and patterns of failure.

Patients and methods

This study included 47 patients treated with radical CRT for patohistologicaly confirmed anal squamous cell carcinoma. Analysed haematological parameters included: neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and haemoglobin level. The final logistic regression model included treatment break period. Tumour response was assessed at 24 weeks from CRT completion. Follow-up was performed every 3 months during the first two years, and every 6 months thereafter.

Results

A complete clinical response (CR) was detected in 30 patients (63.8%). Patients who did not achieve a 6-months CR and those who had a CR after 6 months but then relapsed were referred to surgical treatment. With combined CRT and surgical salvage treatment the CR rate was 80.9%. Patients with CR after 6 months had significantly longer disease-free survival (DFS), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). A significant effect on the 6-month response was confirmed for PLR (p = 0.03).

Conclusions

Important prognostic factors associated with CR were baseline haemoglobin level and period of treatment interruptions. Potential haematological prognostic factors could be PLR and NLR, which can be routinely determined by low-cost and minimally invasive methods.
An Analysis of the Extraction Technologies: Fruit Peel Waste
Authors: Patel Nidhiben , Kalnbalkite Antra , Blumberga Dagnija
Published: October 2021

Advances in technology over the past few years have allowed us to evolve from waste to value. Food waste has been an increased recognition that more attention needs to be paid to this area. With this concern, research on fruit waste valorization into medicinal products has a rich background. This paper approaches the problem with a broader perspective by introducing the fruit waste valorization pathway. The key idea in this paper is to use the multi-criteria analysis method to choose the best essential oil extraction technique from fruit waste. The performance of four different extraction methods i.e., steam distillation, cold-pressing, solvent extraction, and hydro distillation compared in the approach, considering the environmental, economic, social, and technical criteria. The methodology was developed with two scenarios, by using the Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) methods. Our research highlighted that cold-pressing extraction is the most effective technique for essential oil extraction in both scenarios.
Multi-Objective Optimization of Process Parameters for Powder Mixed Electrical Discharge Machining of Inconel X-750 Alloy Using Taguchi-Topsis Approach
Authors: Khadar Basha Shaik , Jagannadha Raju M. V. , Murahari Kolli
Published: October 2021

The paper investigates the influence of boron carbide powder (B4C) mixed in dielectric fluid on EDM of Inconel X-750 alloy. The process parameters selected as discharge current (Ip), pulse on time(Ton), pulse off time(Toff), boron carbide(B4C) powder concentration to examine their performance responses on Material Removal Rate (MRR), Surface Roughness(Ra) and Recast Layer Thickness (RLT).In this study, o examine the process parameters which influence the EDM process during machining of Inconel X-750 alloy using combined techniques of Taguchi and similarity to ideal solutions (TOPSIS).Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted on multi-optimization technique of Taguchi-TOPSIS. ANOVA results identified the best process parameters and their percentages. It developed the mathematical equation on Taguchi-TOPSIS performance characteristics results. The multi optimization results indicated that Ip and Toff are more significant parameters; V, and Ton parameters are less significant. Finally, surface structures were studied at optimized EDM conditions by using scanning electron microscope (SEM).
Dynamic Properties Modeling Analysis of the Rubber-Metal Elements for Electric Drive
Authors: Ján Danko , Jozef Bucha , Tomáš Milesich , Ľuboš Magdolen , Iogr Kevický , Matej Minárik , Žarko Mišković , Radivoje Mitrović
Published: October 2021

The gradual increase in the volume of electric vehicles leads engineers to solve completely new problems of NVH (noise, vibration and harshness) One of the solutions is the use of rubber mounts to hold the electric motor of the vehicle’s powertrain. This article deals with a rubber mount used to insulate vibrations from the propulsion system to the rest of the vehicle. Since the electric motor produces a different spectrum of vibrations and noise than the internal combustion engine (it produces lower amplitudes, but in a wider frequency band), it is necessary to adapt the design of the rubber mounts. This article deals with the possibility of using a mathematical model that can be used in a virtual vehicle model. It compares the differences in the vibrations of the internal combustion engine and the electric motor. From the results measured on the experimental model, the parameters for the FEM model and the mathematical model were identified. At the end of the article, the results from the experiment are compared with the results from the simulations.
A Complex Review of the Possibilities of Residual Stress Analysis Using Moving 2D and 3D Digital Image Correlation System
Authors: Martin Hagara , Miroslav Pástor
Published: October 2021

Understanding the levels of residual stresses in the material is very important in predicting the service life of structural elements. One of the most widely used techniques to quantify them is the drilling method, where a small hole is milled in the structure. If the residual stresses are present, stress redistribution will occur, resulting in deformation of the hole surroundings. Nowadays, there is an effort to replace the conventionally used strain gauges, i.e. special strain gauge rosettes, with full-field optical experimental techniques. This paper deals with analysing the possibilities of measuring the relieved strains/stresses with a unique drilling/measuring device, which, unlike other non-commercial measuring systems, uses the moving digital image correlation (DIC) system. Since correlation systems do not tend to move during operation, an analysis was performed describing the effect of changing the position of the single and stereo camera correlation systems on the quality of the results of the strain/stress analysis performed in the vicinity of the milled hole. The conclusion from the analyses performed is that there is no significant accumulation of correlation errors during measurement. Therefore, the information on the magnitudes of the strains/stresses relieved obtained by the moving DIC system can be used to quantify the residual stresses with an expected error corresponding to the sensitivity of this full-field optical experimental technique.
Piezoelectric Beam Finite Element Model and Its Reduction and Control
Authors: Vladimír Kutiš , Juraj Paulech , Gálik Gálik , Justín Murín
Published: October 2021

The paper deals with the development of the finite element method (FEM) model of piezoelectric beam elements, where the piezoelectric layers are located on the outer surfaces of the beam core, which is made of functionally graded material. The created FEM model of piezoelectric beam structure is reduced using the modal truncation method, which is one of model order reduction (MOR) method. The results obtain from reduced state-space model are compared with results obtain from finite element model. MOR state-space model is also used in the design of the linear quadratic regulator (LQR). Created reduced state-space model with feedback with the LQR controller is analysed and compared with the results from FEM model.
Energy Analysis of HFC-152a, HFO-1234yf and HFC/HFO Mixtures as a Direct Substitute to HFC-134a in a Domestic Refrigerator
Authors: Hasheer Shaik Mohammad , Srinivas Kolla , Bala Prasad Katuru
Published: October 2021

The Kyoto protocol emphasized the need of replacement of HFC refrigerant due to their high GWP values that causes pollution in the environment. So in this paper the refrigerants R1234yf, R152a and HFOs/HFCs mixtures of R134a/R152a/R1234yf such as ARM42 (in the ratio of 8.5/14 /77.5 by mass), ARM42a (in the ratio of 7/11/82 by mass) with a view of replacement of the refrigerant HFC-134a in a domestic refrigerator were analyzed theoretically. Volumetric cooling capacity, compressor discharge temperature, coefficient of performance, compressor energy consumption and refrigeration capacity are the main parameters to estimate the performance of the refrigerator. The results are revealed that HFC-152a had gave a superior performance as compared to HFC-134a in terms of COP and equal cooling and volumetric cooling capacities. However, the refrigerant HFC-152a was flammable and runs with high compressor outlet temperature which may restrict its usage. The HFO refrigerant R1234yf showed an almost equal volumetric cooling capacity, compressor energy consumption, refrigerating effect and COP when compared with HFC-134a. Among the refrigerants ARM42 and ARM42a, the refrigerant ARM42a was selected as a good alternative for HFC-134a because the Volumetric cooling capacity and COP of ARM42a were almost equal to HFC-134a. Therefore ARM42a had better choice of direct substitute to HFC-134a in a domestic refrigerator when the corresponding safety requirements are adopted. So on overall comparison of every property of refrigerants we can conclude that R1234yf can be treated as best alternative to HFC-134a in a domestic refrigerator.
Vibration Analysis of the Drivetrain in Dependence on the Type of Gearbox Suspension Bushing
Authors: Jiri Struz , Lukas Hruzik , Jiri Havlik
Published: October 2021

In the vast majority of technical applications, there is a necessity to transmit the torque from drive to driven machine together with the demand to overcome great distance between given devices. One of the solutions of this problem is the use of a cardan shaft. Operations of connecting shaft and drivetrain are accompanied by oscillations negatively influencing the driver comfort. Main subject of this article is the measurement of vibrations on different parts of a heavy truck and its evaluation by FFT analysis. Measurements are performed with two kinds of suspension bushing which are compared with to each other. Based on the previous measuring, influence of cardan shaft length was also investigated. First of all, dependency on the length of the cardan shaft on deflection angles for V arrangement was evaluated by analytical method. The theoretical introduction is followed by research of eigen frequency depending on the length of the cardan shaft. The results obtained by modal analysis in FEM are verified by experimental modal analysis [1].
Pefformance and Emission Evaluation of Direct Inejction Diesel Engine Using Canola, Sesame Biodiesels with N-Butanol
Authors: Hari Prasad K. , Ananda Srinivasan C. , Praveen Kumar K.
Published: October 2021

Biodiesels from vegetable oils are also gaining momentum as a encouraging fuels which acts as alternative for agricultural diesel engines. Even though there is a slight penalty in the performance parameters by the usage of vegetable biodiesel fuels in diesel engines because of their high viscosity, there is considerable reduction in emissions which is dominant factor from the environmental perspective. In the present experimental work four fuels Canola (20% Canola oil plus 80% Diesel) biodiesel (B20C),Sesame (20% Sesame oil plus 80% Diesel) biodiesel (B20S), B20C blended with 5% n-butanol(B20C5B) and B20S is blended with 5% nbutanol(B20S5B) have tried as an alternative fuels to the Diesel. In the primitive stage tests were supervised on diesel engine with diesel. Thereafter in the second stage, tests were directed at identical operating conditions by using B20C, B20S and their blends as biodiesels. The engine important performance parameters brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) and also the emission characteristics hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), smoke opacity and nitrogen oxides (NOx) are evaluated. The results are contrasted with respect on base line data (diesel). From the experimental readings it was observed that the BTE of B20C, B20S, B20C5B and B20S5B at 100% load decreased by 2.64%,1.9 %,1.41% and 0.94% respectively, relative to diesel (D). At maximum loading condition BSFC for diesel,B20C,B20S,B20C5B and B20S5B are 0.254, 0.284,0.273,0.270 and 0.260kg/kWh. Overall, it is concluded that the emission characteristics of HC, CO and Smoke opacity are dropped for all tested biodiesels when compared to diesel fuel.
Strength of industrial sandstones modelled with the Discrete Element Method
Authors: Klejment Piotr , Dziedziczak Robert , Łukaszewski Paweł
Published: October 2021

Sandstone is one of the most popular building materials since the earliest times. It has various textures and colours as well as good technical parameters. Sandstones, having such wide applications, are subjected to various external factors during the period of use. So, it is of utmost importance to have a good knowledge of their strength parameters. We employed a numerical method called Discrete Element Method to examine in a non-invasive manner the mechanical strength of industrial sandstones, that are commonly used as broken stones in road construction, cladding material, paving stones, pavement tiles and so on. Various mechanical external factors were considered, such as breaking, compressional and abrasion forces or impact by external objects and vibrations. Fragmentation of the considered sandstones under compressional regime was a source of knowledge about energy storage inside the material and energy release, as well as appearance of fractures inside the matter and final sandstone fragmentation into crumbs.
Profitabilitas sebagai Pemoderasi Pengaruh Struktur Aktiva, Risiko Bisnis, dan Ukuran Perusahaan pada Struktur Modal
Authors: Wulandari Ni Made Arika , Sari Maria Mediatrix Ratna
Published: October 2021

The capital structure is very important for the company, this is because it involves the policy of determining the source of funding used, both from inside and outside the company. This study aims to determine the effect of asset structure, business risk, and firm size on capital structure with profitability as a moderating variable. The research was conducted on manufacturing sector entities that are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2016-2019 period. The population is 141 entities. Based on the purposive sampling method, the research sample used was 70 manufacturing entities. The data analysis technique in this study is moderated regression analysis. The results showed that the asset structure has a negative effect on the capital structure. Business risk has no influence on the capital structure. Firm size has a positive influence on capital structure. Profitability is able to moderate the effect of asset structure and firm size on capital structure. Profitability does not moderate the effect of business risk on capital structure.

Keywords: Capital Structure; Assets Structure; Business Risk; Firm Size; Profitability.
Kepemilikan Manajerial, Proporsi Dewan Komisaris Independen, Komite Audit dan Penghindaran Pajak
Authors: Martha I Dewa Agung Ayu Mega Maharani , Jati I Ketut
Published: October 2021

Taxes are an important source of funding for the Indonesian economy. Tax Avoidance is a company's effort to minimize the company's tax burden by looking for gaps in a country's tax weaknesses, so the scheme is legal. This study aims to obtain empirical evidence of the correlation of managerial ownership, the proportion of independent commissioners, and the audit committee on tax avoidance. The theory used is the Agency Theory. The research was carried out on mining entities that are on the IDX in the period 2017-2019, with a population of 43 entities. The number of samples obtained are 11 companies with purposive sampling method. Data collection is done by non-participant observation. The data analysis technique applied is multiple linear regression. The findings indicate that the proportion of independent commissioners has a negative effect on tax avoidance. However, managerial ownership and audit committee have no effect on tax avoidance.

Keywords: Managerial Ownership; The Proportion of Independent Comissioners; Audit Committee.
Pengungkapan Corporate Social Responsibility dan Penghindaran Pajak dengan Profitabilitas sebagai Variabel Moderasi
Authors: Artini Ni Made , Setiawan Putu Ery
Published: October 2021

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence regarding the effect of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on tax avoidance with profitability as a moderating variable. This research was conducted at mining sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) for the 2017-2019 period. The number of observations of 75 samples obtained through nonprobability sampling method with purposive sampling technique. Data collection was carried out by non-participant observation method. The data analysis technique used is Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results showed that CSR disclosure had a negative effect on tax avoidance. Profitability as a moderating variable is able to moderate the effect of CSR disclosure on tax avoidance.

Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility; Profitability; Tax Avoidance.
Kompleksitas Perusahaan, Client Importance dan Volatilitas Idiosinkratik
Authors: Rinta Mei
Published: October 2021

This study examines the influence between company complexity and client importance on idiosyncratic volatility. The research sample are listed companies in all industries except financial services and banking for period 2014-2018. The dependent variable is idiosyncratic volatility, while the independent variable is company complexity and client importance. Multiple linear regression was used to test. The results showed that there was a significant positive effect of client importance on the dependent variable and a significant negative effect on company complexity on the dependent variable. This means that business line information and auditor-related factors are a signal for investors to react to company shares.

Keywords: Complexity Of The Company; Client Importance; Idiosyncratic Volatility.
Kepuasan Memediasi Pengaruh Kualitas Sistem, Kualitas Informasi dan Pelatihan terhadap Kinerja Individual Pengguna Siskeudes
Authors: Aini Hayyun , Irwan M. , Surasni Ni Ketut
Published: October 2021

This study aims  to  provide empirically the effect of system quality, information quality and training on performance as well as the effect of mediating satisfaction on the effect of system quality, information quality and training on the performance of village financial information system users (Siskeudes) in East Lombok Regency. The method used is explanatory research with a quantitative approach, with a sample of 71 village treasurers. The results showed that system quality, information quality and satisfaction had a positive and significant effect on performance and satisfaction partially mediated the effect of system quality, information quality and training on the performance of village financial information system users (SISKEUDES) in East Lombok Regency.

Keywords: System Quality; Quality Of Information; Training; Satisfaction; Performance.
Pengungkapan Manajemen Risiko, Pengungkapan Modal Intelektual dan Nilai Perusahaan Farmasi
Authors: Listiani Vebyeta , Ariyanto Dodik
Published: October 2021

Firm value can be interpreted as the expectation of shareholder’s investment value as a reaction to the information conveyed by the company. The value of public company will be reflected in the price of shares traded on the capital market. This study aims to determine the effect of enterprise risk management (ERM) disclosure and intellectual capital (IC) disclosure on firm value. The number of samples used in this research is 40 observation pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research uses purposive sampling technique in accordance with predetermined criteria. The analysis technique used is panel data regression analysis with Eviews program. The results showed that ERM disclosure and IC disclosure had a positive and significant effect on firm value.

Keywords: Enterprise Risk Management Disclosure; Intellectual Capital Disclosure; Firm Value; Covid-19.
Moderasi Kemampuan Teknik Personal dan Pelatihan terhadap Pengaruh Kecanggihan Teknologi pada Efektivitas Penggunaan SIA
Authors: Notiasih Nyoman , Putra I Made Pande Dwiana
Published: October 2021

This study aims to empirically test the moderation of personal technical skills and training on the effect of technological sophistication on the effectiveness of the use of accounting information systems. The sample used is non-probability sampling, namely purposive sampling method using 100 respondents of employees and managers in the accounting department using SIA for more than one year. The data analysis technique used the Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) test. Resulting in an analysis that the ability of personal engineering is able to moderate the effect of technological sophistication on the effectiveness of the use of SIA, training is able to moderate the effect of technological sophistication on the effectiveness of the use of SIA and technological sophistication has a positive effect on the effectiveness of using SIA.

Keywords: Personal Technical Ability; Training; Technological Sophistication; Using SIA.
ENTERIJER UGOSTITELJSKOG KOMPLEKSA U GRADU KOLONIJA DE SANT PERE NA MAJORCI
Authors: Šanjević Ivana
Published: October 2021

Bilo je neophodno enterijer vile i kafeterije uskladiti sa nekim postojećim materijalima i elementima, kao i nameštajem, koji su zadržani zarad očuvanja autentičnog duha objekta, ali su zadržani na takav način da ih je bilo moguće dalje kombinovati sa modernim stilom. Nova fukcija objekta morala je biti proizvod skladnog sklopa i jasne celine cele vile, a za to je bilo potrebno osmisliti dobro rešenje, kako bi cela kompozicija projekta bila jasna i definisana.