bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development and Characterization of Mesalamine Nanoparticles for Effective Targeting of Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Rajput Rameshwar , Ganju Eisha , Gupta Bhaskar Kumar
Published: December 2024

Aim: To develop and characterize mesalamine-loaded nanoparticles for enhanced efficacy and targeted delivery in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), addressing the limitations of conventional mesalamine therapies. Methodology: Mesalamine nanoparticles were formulated using the solvent evaporation technique and optimized for particle size, morphology, drug loading efficiency, and release kinetics. Dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed for comprehensive characterization. In vitro drug release studies assessed the sustained release profile, and pharmacokinetic studies evaluated the nanoparticles’ localized drug delivery potential to inflamed colonic tissues. Results: The formulated mesalamine nanoparticles exhibited a mean particle size of 150 ± 20 nm with a narrow size distribution and a high drug loading capacity of 85 ± 5%. DLS and SEM analyses confirmed uniform morphology and particle stability, while FTIR verified successful drug encapsulation. In vitro studies demonstrated a sustained mesalamine release over an extended period, outperforming conventional formulations. Pharmacokinetic studies further revealed enhanced localization and prolonged drug availability in inflamed tissues, indicating improved therapeutic efficacy. Conclusion: Mesalamine-loaded nanoparticles offer a promising drug delivery system for ulcerative colitis, significantly enhancing bioavailability and targeted delivery. This novel approach could overcome the limitations of traditional therapies, providing more effective management of UC and improving patient outcomes.
The study of comparative anatomical features of populations of the plant Cichorium intybus L.
Authors: AKMARAL NURMAHANOVA , AIGUL AKHMETOVA , AINAGUL USSENBEKOVA , SAULE ATABAYEVA , RAUSHAN ALIPOVA , ELMIRA KARTBAYEVA , MERUYERT MUKHITDIN
Published: December 2024

The article presents a comparative analysis of the anatomical characteristics of the leaf, stem and root of Cichorium intybus L., found in the Aksai and Kaskelen gorges, as well as the Tausamaly rural district in the Trans-Ili Alatau region of Kazakhstan. From the examination of the anatomical features of the leaf, stem and root of Cichorium intybus L., which exhibits a broad distribution, ecotypic traits reflective of their respective growth environments have been identified. Notably, an increase in the number of anomocytic stomata was observed in the epidermis of plants from the first and second populations under study. Additionally, glandular trichomes, comprising a two-celled limb and a single-celled trichome with a head, were found in significantly higher quantities. Within the leaf mesophyll, clusters of milk-accumulating cells were noted. In the stem's primary bark of the first population, idioblast cells were detected, known for accumulating biologically active substances, and there was an observed increase in the level of inulin crystal formation within the vascular structure. However, in the rural district of Tausamaly, where the third population of Cichorium intybus L. was located, a decrease in stomata, trichomes, and milk-accumulating cells was observed due to man-made pollution and anthropogenic factors. Furthermore, a reduction in the diameter of the stem's central cylinder and a narrowing of the xylem and phloem tube diameters within the conductive bundle were determined. Additionally, a diminished formation of insulin crystals within the vein was noted.
Aquaponic growth of basil (Ocimum basilicum) with Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) in standard substrate
Authors: GELDENHUYS GAVIN
Published: December 2024

Aquaponics, the integrated production of fish and hydroponic crops in a recirculating system, is an intensive cultivation method in which metabolic fish wastes fertilize plants. Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is one of the most sought-after herbs in the market used in medicine. Although basil is highly sought after for its properties, there is limited information about its behaviour in aquaponics. Therefore, in 2024 (from July to August), this study was undertaken at the University of Limpopo for 50 days to investigate the production of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) under a recirculating aquaponic system. This study aimed to assess the growth and development of this plant under aquaponic conditions. Three single and equal aquaponic systems were used, each consisting of a pond, a clarifier, three biofilters, and a hydroponic bed. These elements are interconnected with PVC pipes. Each pond was injected with air through aerator stones. Randomly, ten basils (O. basilicum), which were obtained from a commercial nursery (about 90 days old), were placed in each aquaponic system. A total of 30 tilapia specimens (O. mossambicus), ten fish per pound, were used. The results indicate a positive growth rate for basil with a strong coefficient of determination (R2= 0.95) during the experiment. On the other hand, the PCA results (. F1= 72.99%, and F2= 23.66%) showed two groups of the growing stage, which refers to different plant growth rates and temperatures. In conclusion, the basil exhibited good productivity, indicating efficient nutrient assimilation in this system. Therefore, the evaluated basil is well-suited for these conditions and can be utilized as part of the biological filters in aquaponic systems with tilapia production.
AN ANALYSIS OF READING EXERCISES QUESTION INSERTED IN ENGLISH BOOK ORIENTED TO HOTS FOR THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMKN 1 PENUKAL UTARA
Authors: Doraimon  , Masagus Firdaus  , Hanni Yukamana
Published: December 2024

English, as the lingua franca of our interconnected world, holds immense significance for contemporary students. Its status as a global language transcends borders, enabling communication across diverse cultures, industries, and regions. Proficiency in English is not merely a skill but a gateway to numerous opportunities, such as accessing international academic resources, participating in global job markets, and fostering cross-cultural understanding. This research underscores the critical role of English in modern education, highlighting its function in facilitating global collaboration and access to critical educational resources. Most scholarly literature and leading educational materials are in English, making proficiency in the language essential for keeping up with developments across various fields.This study employed a qualitative research design to explore the role of the "Work in Progress" English textbook within the learning environment at SMKN 1 Penukal Utara. The qualitative approach enabled an in-depth examination of students' perceptions of the textbook, their responses to its teaching methodology, and the contribution of the textbook to their English language proficiency. Findings from the study reveal that the textbook incorporates a significant number of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) questions, particularly for 10th-grade students. Approximately 70% of the textbook's content focuses on enhancing students' analytical and problem-solving skills, aligning with its overarching goal of deepening students' understanding of the English language. The integration of HOTS questions in each thematic unit significantly contributes to the development of students' higher-order thinking abilities.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATIONAL GAME WITH SPINNING WHEELS FOR SPEAKING CLASS TO THE TENTH GRADE OF MADYATAMA VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL PALEMBANG
Authors: Anggraini Anggi , Jaya Aswadi , Hermansyah
Published: December 2024

The objective of this research was to develop of educational game with spinning wheels for speaking class to the tenth grade of Madyatama Vocational High School Palembang. The method use in this development is the ADDIE (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation) model. Data was collected through interviews, tests (one-to-one test and small group test), and questionnaires to assess the needs of students and teachers regarding speaking activities in the classroom. The research results show that the development of spinning wheels media for English speaking classes are declared valid with percentage score of 95,4%, the practicality value gets a percentage score of 95,3% with very practical criteria, and the effectiveness value gets a percentage score of 89,1% with a very effective category. It means that the development of educational game with spinning wheels for speaking class was very valid, and suitable to be implemented in speaking class.
DILEMMAS STORIES LEARNING MODEL IN INDONESIAN LANGUAGE LEARNING TO IMPROVE STUDENTS' SCIENTIFIC WRITING SKILLS
Authors: Yuliarti  , Mulyono Yatin
Published: December 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the Indonesian language learning process in terms of the scientific writing abilities of senior high school students and find solutions to these learning problems. This type of research is a mixed method. Samples were obtained randomly from three senior high schools in Indonesia with 272 students as subjects. The process of gathering data involved watching teaching aids. Observing the learning process and evaluating the students' scientific writing skills utilizing instrument assessments that have been Aiken formula verified and concept validated using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) with the Linear Structural Model (Lisrel). Observational data on curricular papers and learning process observations are reported descriptively. Comparatively, statistics on learning outcomes in the form of students' writing skills are examined by estimating the proportion of pupils who fulfill traditionally established standards. The results showed that the students' scientific writing skills needed to meet the classical achievements. The evaluation results showed that a new, more effective learning strategy was required to improve students' scientific writing skills by developing learning models. Developing the inquiry learning model of local wisdom dilemmas stories (ILWDS) is recommended as an alternative to making learning effective and efficient.
THE CORRELATION AMONG WRITING INTEREST, LANGUAGE LEARNING STRATEGIES, AND PARAGRAPH WRITING ACHIEVEMENT
Authors: Manurung Ria Maya Lestari , Mulyani Destia Dwi , Magdalena
Published: December 2024

This research aims to determine the existence of a substantial association between language learning methodologies, writing interest, and paragraph writing achievement. The employed methodology was descriptive, and the design was correlational in nature. Forty-one students from STKIP Muhammadiyah Pagaralam were selected as the samples for this research. Two types of surveys and a paragraph writing achievement exam were conducted to gather the data. The research findings indicated that (a) a significant correlation existed between language learning strategies and paragraph writing achievement, (b) a significant correlation was found between writing interest and paragraph writing achievement, (c) a significant correlation was observed among language learning strategies, writing interest, and paragraph writing achievement, and (d) no significant correlation was identified between language learning strategies and writing interest. The finding indicates that language learning strategies and writing interest significantly correlate with the enhancement of paragraph writing achievement among sixth-semester students in the English education study program at STKIP Muhammadiyah Pagaralam.
Development of female and male reproductive structures in Borodinia macrophylla (Brassicaceae)
Authors: Vinogradova G. Yu. , Chimitov D. G. , Brukhin V. B.
Published: December 2024

For the first time, cytoembryological study of the female and male reproductive structures development in the East Siberian endemic, Borodinia macrophylla (Turcz.) O.E. Schulz (order Capparales, family Brassicaceae, tribe Boechereae), is presented. The general plan of the reproductive structures development occurs similarly to the studied species of Boechera. The anther contains 4 microsporangia with four layers, namely epidermis, endothecium, middle layer, and tapetum at the beginning of development; as the anther matures, the wall becomes two-layered. The anther tapetum is unevenly 2-layered, microsporocytes develop simultaneously; most pollen grains in mature anthers are bicellular. The ovule is ortho-campylotropous, bitegmic, medionucellate. The embryo sac is 7-celled, 8-nucleate, formed according to the monosporic Polygonum type. The polar nuclei of the central cell in the mature embryo sac do not fuse. Female gametophytes developed in all the ovules studied. In B. macrophylla, only a sexual mode of reproduction was observed; no apomictic development was detected.
Age and sources of low-sulfide gold-quartz mineralization of the Karalon gold ore field (North Transbaikalia, Russia): results of isotope-geochemical (Rb-Sr and Pb-Pb) studies
Authors: Savatenkov V. M. , Rytsk E. Yu. , Alekseev I. A. , Vasilyeva I. M. , Gorokhovsky B. M.
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of studying the Rb–Sr isotope system of ore-bearing granitoids, apogranite metasomatites and hydrothermalites of the Verkhnekaralonskoye gold deposit, as well as the Pb-Pb isotope system in galena of the gold-quartz low-sulfide mineralization of the Karalonskoye gold ore field. Three groups of ore objects with different Pb isotopic compositions of galena associated with varying contributions from mantle and ancient crustal sources have been identified. The isotope characteristics of Pb in galena of the Verkhnekaralonskoe deposit indicate its genetic relationship with ore-bearing juvenile granites, whose age of ~ 600 Ma may be close to the age of the earliest stage in the formation of gold–quartz mineralization. The ancient crustal source is common for the leading gold deposits of Northern Transbaikalia and is characterized by the parameters of the continental crust of the Siberian craton at a time of 500–600 Ma. The rearrangement of the Rb–Sr system in the studied rocks and minerals of the Verkhnekaralonskoe deposit and the redistribution of Pb isotopes in galena of the Vodorazdelnaya ore zone of the Karalonskoe ore field at the turn of 290–250 Ma have been established. Isotope data show that in the geological history of the Verkhnekaralonskoe deposit and the Karalonskoe ore field, the formation of gold mineralization had a long multi-stage character and was accompanied by the regeneration of primary ore concentrations.
New type of gold-bearing mineralization at the Ozernovskое Au-Te-Se epithermal deposit (Central Kamchatka, Russia)
Authors: Kudaeva Sh. S. , Kozlov V. V. , Skilskaia E. D. , Sergeeva A. V. , Tolstykh N. D. , Shkilev I. A.
Published: December 2024

The ores of the Ozernovsky Au-Te-Se epithermal volcanogenic deposit are located in linear zones of secondary quartzites in volcanic rocks of Neogene age and are represented by linear stockworks and tubes of quartz hydrothermal breccias interspersed with ore minerals — sulfides, tellurides and selenides. A new type of gold-bearing mineralization has been discovered and studied on the upper horizon of the deposit. The main gold mineral is maletoyvayamite (Au3Se4Te6), which forms small inclusions in selenium native tellurium, together with micro inclusions of other, usually also very rare, minerals — bambollaite (Cu1-x(Se, S, Te)2), fahlores of the goldfieldite and ústalečite subgroups. This mineral complex could have been formed in the upper part of a boiling hydrothermal system as a result of mixing of the ascending flow of heterogeneous water-steam fluid with oxygen-enriched surface waters and oxidation of the reduced forms of sulfur, selenium and tellurium contained therein. The primary complex of ore minerals is usually partially replaced by several generations of hypergenic minerals: from native selenium and Au-Ag selenides of the early stage to tellurites and selenites of the late stage of oxidation.
40Ar/39Ar dating of hydrothermal processes in large gold deposits of the Kochkar anticlinorium (South Urals, Russia)
Authors: Pritchin M. E. , Kisin A. Yu. , Vikent’eva O. V. , Ozornin D. A. , Travin A. V. , Vikentyev I. V.
Published: December 2024

The age restrictions for productive mineral associations of the two largest gold deposits of the Southern Urals — Svetlinsk and Kochkar’, which are located in the East-Uralian megazone, are discussed. The 40Ar/39Ar dating method was performed for the first time for potassium-containing hydrothermal minerals (micas and amphiboles) from the ore veins and ore-host alteration, as well as marbles. The age estimates obtained are in the range of 290–276 Ma; the weighted average value for the Svetlinsk deposit is 284 ±2 Ma, for the Kochkar’ field 276 ±2 Ma. It is assumed that the studied mineral assemblages of the Svetlinsk and Kochkar’ deposits were formed in the beginning of the post-collision stage corresponding to the tectonic relaxation regime. Age of hydrothermal mineral formation in the gold fields of the Kochkar anticlinorium are consistent with the time of post-tectonic plutonic activity, which was expressed in the Middle–Southern Urals in large-scale granitization (~ 300 million years ago). The ore-bearing alteration of a femic profile (of the same age for two deposits), which are most likely basificates, are near-synchronous to the granitization.
A Philosophical Understanding of the Arabic Language Acquisition Process in Early Childhood: A Philosophy of Language Perspective and its Implications for Teaching Methods
Authors: Zulfida Sri , Zuriyati Zuriyati , Setiadi Samsi
Published: December 2024

This research examines the application of philosophy of language in early childhood Arabic language acquisition, focusing on pragmatics, semantics, and hermeneutics. Using a qualitative approach with descriptive methods, the research involved observations and interviews in three Raudhatul Athfal in Riau Islands. The results showed that the pragmatic approach that integrates real-life contexts, such as role-playing, is effective in improving communication skills. The semantic approach, through the introduction of real object-based vocabulary, strengthens children's understanding of meaning structures. Meanwhile, hermeneutics helps children internalise cultural and religious values through interactive stories and daily prayers. Although challenges such as lack of social environmental support and semantic complexity were encountered, great opportunities emerged through educational technology innovation and community collaboration. This research makes a theoretical contribution in the integration of philosophy of language with Arabic language teaching, as well as offering practical guidance for designing more effective and meaningful teaching methods.
Orang NTT: Diaspora Communities and Multiculturalism in Bali
Authors: Sunaryo Fransiska Dewi Setiowati
Published: December 2024

The cultural interaction of Orang NTT with local communities in Bali has implications for forming a multicultural society. Although there have been previous studies on migration and ethnicity, few have examined East Nusa Tenggara ethnicity in the Bali region. This research aims to understand the cultural interaction between Orang NTT and local communities in Bali and how they contribute to the social harmony and the formation of a multicultural society in Bali. This qualitative research was conducted in Denpasar City (the center of the government) and Badung Regency (the center of tourism) in Bali. I combined observation and in-depth interviews as my data collection methods. Ten informants were interviewed: seven Orang NTT, two Balinese, two Flobamora community leaders, a Christian religious leader, and an entrepreneur. The study shows that push and pull factors influence how Orang NTT migrate to Bali. While the push factors include the economic and educational conditions in NTT and the attractiveness offered by Bali as a destination for NTT migration; pull factors comprise better economic opportunities, better access to education, and better life opportunities. In addition, Orang NTT in Bali plays an important role in strengthening cultural diversity and social harmony in the local community. These findings have important implications for society's understanding of social integration and how minority groups contribute to forming a harmonious multicultural society. The study contributes to the understanding on how Orang NTT migrate from the eastern region to Bali, while providing new insights into how social and cultural interactions can shape multicultural identity in a region. This can serve as a basis for the development of local policies related to diversity and as a reference for studies on diaspora and the formation of multicultural communities in other regions.
Platform technologies and metadata: the issues of structuring and communica-tion of scientific knowledge
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kostina Alina O.
Published: December 2024

The main focuses of this article are metadata and platform technologies in their represen-tational practices of scientific achievements and transformative effect on scientific meth-odology. The idea of progressive accumulation of knowledge, on the one hand, and the ad-dressed approach, on the other, both find themselves in the complex operational prac-tice of platforms. The author puts forward a hypothesis that the biggest academic plat-forms present one of the greatest commercial successes in science. These successes are also explained from the standpoint of the critical theory of technology developed by A. Feen-berg. The issue of publishing discrimination and misrepresentation is shown from the po-sition of potential consequences for the pro-gress of scientific knowledge. This study sets a relation between the early stages of meta-analysis, platform growth and actual publica-tion bias agenda. It is shown, how the prac-tice of article retraction has a size effect on the whole scientific field, causing damages to real scientific routine. The author presents an epistemic version of the “effects”, based on practical conclusions from article retraction of one of the researches, naming them the au-thority effect, the dynamic field effect and the untarnished reputation effect accordingly. Following the contemplation on the matter of inclusion blockchain into the full-fledged op-erational circle of academic platforms, the au-thor presents an argument that a technically acceptable idea is not always the conceptual-ly best one. Finally, the mechanism for estab-lishment of technological rationality artefacts, such as platforms themselves, is clarified along with explanations of why technological design is the most efficient version of techno-logical politics.
M. Lazzarato on the multidimensionality of utterance in Bakhtinian philoso-phy: translation of Maurizio Lazzarato’s article “Mikhail Bakhtin’s theory of the utterance”
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Tinus Nikita N.
Published: December 2024

This text is a translation and the author’s commentary on the article Mikhail Bakhtin’s theory of the utterance, which was presented in the form of a report at the symposium On Bakhtin in 2009 in Maastricht. The author of the report, Maurizio Lazzarato, is a contempo-rary French-Italian philosopher and social the-orist. In the 1970s he was involved with the operaismo in Italy and later forced to move to France. Lazzarato is a member of the editorial board of Multitudes journal and the author of some influential works and essays, such as Immaterial Labor, The Making of the Indebted Man, Governing by Debt, and others. His re-search is devoted to the analysis of modern changes in economic relations and labor prac-tices, the metamorphoses of the capitalist structure. M. Lazzarato is one of the few who paid attention to Bakhtin’s theory of utter-ance in its political and social meaning. In his report, Lazzarato analyzes Mikhail Bakhtin’s theory of utterance through the concepts of Deleuze and Guattari. Finding intersections and parallels, the author emphasizes that in Bakhtin’s thought the utterance is a multidi-mensional phenomenon, including a whole complex of not only linguistic, but also extra-linguistic aspects. The utterance in Bakhtin’s theory is associated not only with the produc-tion of meaning, but also with the production of subjectivity; it shapes social reality. Unlike linguistics or performative theory, Bakhtin’s philosophy provides relevant insight into the actual nature of utterance, which is especially important today in the post-Fordist era of communicative labor.
TINGKAT KEPUASAN PELAYANAN MAKAN DENGAN DAYA TERIMA MAKANAN BIASA PASIEN RSU AZ – ZAHRA KALIREJO
Authors: Sindi Mesayu Ade Aprilia , Nurhayati Aftulesi , Wati Desti Ambar , Khairani Masayu Dian
Published: December 2024

Kepuasan pelayanan makan merupakan salah satu indikator keberhasilan rumah sakit. Daya terima merupakan kemampuan seseorang menerima makanan yang disajikan sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan sisa makanan yaitu ≤ 20%. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan tingkat kepuasan pelayanan makan dengan daya terima makanan biasa. Rancangan penelitian ini adalah analitik cross sectional, dengan instrument yang digunakan camstock dan angket kepuasan pelayanan. Sampel yang di gunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 73 responden yang di ambil dengan teknik Purposive Sampling. Kriteria Inkulsi meliputi : Pasien bersusia ≥ 15 tahun dan mendapatkan 9x makan biasa. Analisis bivariate dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji Gamma. Hasil penelitian ini terdapat responden berjenis kelamin perempuan 64,4% dan laki – laki sebanyak 35,6%. Tingkat kepuasan paling banyak dalam kategori sangat puas 45,2% dengan daya terima makanan sebanyak 76,6%. Analisis statistika menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan antara tingkat kepuasan pelayanan makan dengan daya terima makanan makanan biasa (p = 0,003). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah di lakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa adanya hubungan antara tingkat kepuasan dengan daya terima.
HUBUNGAN STATUS GIZI DAN PERSENTASE LEMAK TUBUH DENGAN TINGKAT KEBUGARAN PADA SISWI MTSN 2 TANGGAMUS
Authors: Nugraha David Arta Yoga , Abdullah  , Nurhayati Aftulesi , Khairani Masayu Dian
Published: December 2024

Kebugaran jasmani dimaknai sebagai kemampuan manusia untuk mengkondisikan fungsi organ tubuh dengan kondisi secara efektif dan tanpa mengalami kelelahan tubuh dalam batas fisiologis, sehingga masih dapat menjalankan aktifitas lainnya. Kebugaran pada anak-anak dan remaja dapat dikatakan sebagai  indikator  yang penting dari kesehatan dan hasil psikologis dan dirancang sebagai ukuran komprehensif kebugaran kardiorespirasi, fleksibilitas, kekuatan otot, dan komposisi tubuh. Selain itu, penurunan kebugaran pada masa anak-anak dan remaja dapat menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan dalam masa pendek maupun masa yang panjang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan status gizi, persentase lemak tubuh, dengan kebugaran pada siswi Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 2 Tanggamus. Penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan cross sectional. Subjek dalam penelitian ini 94 siswi yang dari kelas 7 dan 8 dengan rentang usia 13-15 tahun. Analisis bivariat dalam penelitian ini menggunakan uji gamma. Hasil analisis menggunakan uji gamma mendapatkan hasil hubungan antara Status gizi dan tingkat kebugaran dengan p-value 0,011 (<0,05) dan terdapat hubungan antara persentase lemak tubuh dan tingkat kebugaran dengan p-value 0,000 (<0,05). Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan yang antara status gizi, persentase lemak tubuh, dengan tingkat kebugaran pada siswi Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 2 Tanggamus.
Resiko Kesehatan Pajanan PM2,5 pada Operator Stasiun Pengisian Bahan Bakar Umum (SPBU) di Kota Ternate
Authors: Sidebang Purnama , Dianita Nuke
Published: December 2024

Sektor transportasi menyebabkan 50% dari prevalensi kesakitan di Indonesia, peningkatan polutan udara seperti PM2,5, PM10, CO, NO2 akibat peningkatan jumlah kendaraan bermotor dapat memberikan gangguan kesehatan seperti batuk, penurunan fungsi paru, kanker paru, asma, kesulitan bernapas hingga kematian. Operator SPBU menjadi kelompok yang berisiko mengalami dampak kesehatan akibat pajanan polutan tersebut secara terus menerus saat proses antrian pengisian bahan bakar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis resiko kesehatan lingkungan akibat paparan PM2,5 pada operator SPBU di Kota Ternate. Merupakan penelitian observasional dengan menggunakan metode Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL), sehingga diperoleh nilai Risk Quotient (RQ). Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah operator SPBU. Sampel lingkungan adalah PM2,5 di udara ambien sekitar SPBU, pengukuran PM2,5 dilakukan di lokasi sekitar operator SPBU bekerja, menggunakan alat EVM-7 environmental monitoring. Pengukuran selama 1 jam dengan 3 kali pengulangan pada waktu yang berbeda yaitu pada pagi, siang dan sore hari selama 7 hari, sementara sampel manusia adalah operator SPBU dengan teknik pengambilan sampel total sampling sebanyak 16 orang, data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner yang telah digunakan oleh peneliti terdahulu. Hasil menunjukkan rata-rata responden berjenis kelamin perempuan (56,2%), berumur 43,6 tahun dengan berat badan 66,4 kg, berpendidikan tamat SMA/SMK (68,8), gaya hidup merokok (56,2%) dan tidak mengkonsumsi alkohol (81,2%). Keluhan kesehatan yang sering dialami operator adalah kelelahan (81,2%) dan sakit kepala (56,2). Rata-rata konsentrasi PM2,5 di SPBU Kalumata pada pengukuran pagi 0,02mg/m3, siang dan sore berturut-turut adalah 0,01mg/m3, sementara di SPBU Maliaro pada pengukuran pagi sebesar 0,06mg/m3, siang sebesar 0,02mg/m3 serta pengukuran sore sebesar 0,01mg/m3. Intake PM2,5 tertinggi pada pengukuran pagi hari pada operator SPBU Maliaro berturut-turut sebesar 0,0146mg/kg/hari. Hasil perhitungan Tingkat Risiko PM2,5 menunjukkan nilai RQ>1 di SPBU Maliaro pada pengukuran pagi hari. Hal ini menunjukkan perlunya pengendalian paparan PM2,5 di SPBU Maliaro terutama dipagi hari sehingga tidak menimbulkan masalah kesehatan pada 30 tahun mendatang.
Kata kunci : Analisis Resiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL); PM2,5; Operator SPBU
Evaluation of the relationship between limb condition and productive qualities of pigs
Authors: Kolosova Mariya Anatol'evna , Kolosov Anatoliy Yur'evich , Chernyshkov Aleksandr Sergeevich
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Intensive pig production is associated with negative technological pressure on the pig organism. Selection for early maturity and meatiness leads to changes in the metabolism of the animal organism, which results in morphological and functional changes in the internal organs, muscle, fat and bone tissues. One of the serious problems faced by pig breeders is the spread of limb defects, including neoplasms and tumors in the hock area of the hind limbs. These limb defects do not cause lameness, but affect the exterior of breeding pigs, making them unsuitable for sale and having a negative impact on the efficiency of breeding centers. In addition, in pig breeding, limb diseases entail large economic losses due to decreased animal productivity. The purpose of the study was to assess the presence or absence of the effect of limb defects in the form of tumors and growths in the hock area on the parameters of the statistical distribution of productivity traits and their correlations in Large White pigs. Research methods. The research was conducted on Large White pigs from one of the breeding farms of the Russian Federation, which were divided into two groups depending on the condition of the limbs. The characteristics of the population under consideration were studied and the possibilities of using statistical criteria for assessing differences were determined, the distribution of features was tested for normality using Q-Q (probability) graphs. A correlation analysis of features was carried out using the Pearson criterion. A correlation test was used to assess the level of reliability. As a result of the research, it was concluded that the presence of limb defects affects the variability of productivity indicators, and is also associated with worse levels of features. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that for the first time the features of variability of productivity indicators of purebred pigs are considered depending on the condition of the pigs' limbs in the form of tumors and growths in the hock area. Further research on this issue should be aimed at establishing the biological mechanisms for the formation of limb defects in pigs.
Economic models of calculation, planning and decision-making in hop growing
Authors: Afanaseva Olesya , Filippova Svetlana
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to study the main global instruments that create broad opportunities for planning and decision-making in hop growing by structuring and systematizing them. The advantages of the models are taken into account when developing the structure of our own economic model for calculating planning and decision-making in hop growing. Research methods are a monographic study and analysis of financial and economic indicators of hop growing in different countries based on a study of foreign models for calculating the efficiency of the industry, namely: 1) Pennsylvania State University (USA); 2) Washington State University (USA); 3) a joint model of Michigan State University and the University of Vermont (USA) and 4) a model from the Slovenian Institute for Hop and Brewing Research. Based on the research, a schematic representation of the algorithms for the operation of the models was formed. Block diagrams of the main processes of the Russian model for planning and decision-making in domestic hop growing developed by the authors are presented. Scientific novelty. The economic model of planning and decision-making in hop growing through modeling presented by the authors will be the first such model in Russia. For comparison, in Europe a similar model for hop growers was developed back in the 90s of XX century, in the USA, models exist in various variations and are formed for different scales of activity and areas of hop plantings: from 2 to 250 hectares. Results. The inclusion of double calculation in the developed model radically distinguishes the created Russian model from all the approaches analyzed above and is a fundamental advantage, since it makes it possible to conduct a separate assessment of both cash flows, including capital investments, and the economic results of the efficiency of the activity of an economic entity – a hop grower. At the same time, two separate types of calculations are presented in a single model, which will provide a complete picture of the company’s financial condition for both external users and the business owner.
A program-innovative approach to the formation of competitive personnel for the agro-industrial complex of the Ural region
Authors: Stozhko Dmitriy , Stozhko Konstantin
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The purpose of the study is to analyze and evaluate the role of a software-innovative approach to the training and use of competitive personnel at enterprises of the regional agro-industrial complex in the context of the transition to a new technological structure and the formation of a new production model – Quick Response Manufacturing (QRM). Methods. The article uses comparative theoretical and methodological analysis, dialectic methods (induction, deduction, analysis, synthesis, etc.), program-target and structural-functional methods. Scientific novelty of the study lies in the substantiation of the need for use, as well as in the disclosure of the essence of the program-innovative approach to the training of competitive personnel for regional agro-industrial complex enterprises. Results. The study identified and analyzed the content of a program-innovative approach to the formation and use of competitive personnel for the regional agro-industrial complex. The features of the Ural region and their impact on the competitiveness of enterprises in the regional agro-industrial complex are highlighted. The difference between the software-innovative approach and previous approaches to personnel reproduction for enterprises of the regional agro-industrial complex is revealed. In particular, the need for a more substantive orientation in the reproduction of personnel has been established, not only on professionalism, but also on the competitiveness of specialists, which is dictated by growing competition and general macroeconomic turbulence and uncertainty. Along with the properties of a competitive specialist already defined in modern science, the study identifies and reveals fundamentally new characteristics that are in demand, such as the ability of specialists to ensure the necessary growth in the reliability, sustainability and efficiency of the enterprises of the regional agro-industrial complex themselves. The features of this approach related to the digitalization of the modern economy and personnel management system are identified. The dynamics of the use of various models of personnel management at enterprises of the regional agro-industrial complex and the role of foresight technologies in ensuring the formation and use of competitive personnel are shown. The practical significance of the study is due to the need to seriously adjust the personnel policy of enterprises in the regional agro-industrial complex and develop a new model of personnel management that takes into account the challenges of the time and long-term strategic goals of the socio-economic development of the country and the region.
Institutional problems and directions of land relations development in agrarian economy
Authors: Hametov Ryashit Rifkatovich , Rodionova Irina Anatol'evna
Published: December 2024

Abstract. The land reform in Russia has led to the transformation of agriculture and the formation of a multi-structured agrarian economy. For more than thirty years of land reform, new institutional problems have emerged, which hinder the development of land relations and negatively affect the state of the agrarian sphere. Institutionalisation of land relations at the current stage of development implies the formation of an effective legislative field, ensuring an optimal structure of land use and equal competitive conditions for all forms of ownership and management. Accordingly, the key socio-economic task in the choice of strategy and tactics for the development of land relations in Russia is the search for methods and tools for their improvement. The purpose of the research is to study the institutional problems and determine the directions of land relations development in the agrarian economy. Methods. The research methodology was based on the analysis of fundamental and applied works of both Russian and foreign scientists-economists concerning institutional transformations in agriculture, as well as on normative-legal and legislative documents regulating land relations. The study applied a systematic approach to the subject area under consideration; dialectical, abstract-logical, graphical, empirical, economic-statistical and other methods of scientific analysis were used. Scientific novelty consists in substantiating the directions of improving the institutional aspects of land relations. Results. The current stage of land relations development in Russia has been analysed and the main institutional problems have been identified. The identified problems are caused by the unclaimed nature of a significant part of land shares, inappropriate use of agricultural land, lack of an effective mechanism for redistribution of non-functioning land, increasing land concentration in agricultural holdings. The directions for increasing the rational and efficient use of agricultural land are proposed.
Theorising Bad Faith in International Relations: Climate Change, Deception and the Negotiation of International Order
Authors: Heinrichs Pauline Sophie , O'Loughlin Ben
Published: December 2024

This study examines how climate-vulnerable states charge major carbon emitters with bad faith behaviors, how those emitters respond in ways that often confirm the bad faith charges, and what vulnerable states propose as policy alternatives. Using an existentialist conceptualization of bad faith and Bassan-Nygate and Heimann’s four response mechanisms – projection, distortion, displacement, and rationalization – we identify how major emitters try to negate bad faith claims in ways that are deceptive of the self and the other. Major emitters require self-ref lection to identify how they are not meeting international climate policy agreements and begin to address what they must change (about themselves), but vulnerable states note that this ref lection is absent. This study of 399 speeches by national leaders at three climate summits opens directions for scholars, activists and policymakers to understand how interactions around bad faith illuminate the politics of bad faith and the potential for change this contains.
An investigation of the effect of cryoprotective agents on intermolecular disulfide formation
Authors:   , Andrews Sharron Lillian
Published: December 2024

"A cryoprotective compound is one which prevents or decreases injury caused by freezing living material. Several of these agents are known. It is not known why or how cryoprotective agents protect. It is the purpose of this study to investigate one possible explanation, on the basis of the sulfhydryl hypothesis. The major question to be answered by this study is: Do cryoprotective compounds which prevent damage in a living system due to freezing also protect proteins against intermolecular disulfide bond formation? The model system Thiogel was used because of ease of measurement of intermolecular SS formation and lack of complicating factors found in living systems. Sulfhydryl groups on the protein molecules of Thiogel are oxidized slowly in air to disulfide bonds. Freezing increases the rate of this oxidation. Whan the Thiogel is frozen slowly, the ice forms as a shell on the gel surface. It is the removal of water from the Thiogel to this ice shell which causes the increase in the rate of formation of disulfide bonds. As the water is removed the protein molecules come closer together, catalyzing the oxidation reaction. Disulfide bond formation is detected by an increase in the melting point of the gel (13). According to the sulfhydryl hypothesis any substance which would decrease the rate of disulfide bond formation as shown by prevention of a rise in the melting point of the Thiogel would presumably also protect proteins in living cells."--Introduction.
Analytical and experimental study of lightweight concrete-steel composite beams
Authors:   , Proctor Melvin H.
Published: December 2024

"Object and Scope: This investigation was made to study the following questions: 1. The validity of using data obtained from push-out tests to predict the elastic behavior of composite beams. 2. The effect of shear connector spacing upon the behavior of composite beams. 3. The feasibility of using lightweight concrete in composite beams with the shear connection provided by headed stud type connectors. The method of attack was to develop first a theoretical analysis for predicting the behavior of composite beams based upon results of the push-out tests. Two beams, similar in every respect except for connector spacing, were then tested and their behavior compared with the theoretical analysis."--Page 2.
Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Siswa SMK dalam Pemecahan dan Pengajuan Masalah Open Ended Materi Barisan dan Deret
Authors: Mahmudah Inani , Titin Masfingatin  , Astuti Indra Puji
Published: December 2024

Vocational high school students need the ability to think creatively to face the challenges of the world of work in the 21st century. Creative thinking skills can be developed through open ended problem solving and problem posing activities. This study aims to describe the creative thinking skills of vocational students in solving and posing open ended problems on sequences and series material. This study uses a type of qualitative research. The subjects of this study were students of class X Office Management 1 (MP-1) at SMK Negeri 1 Geger for the 2022/2023 academic year. Data collection techniques using tests and interviews. Testing the validity of the data using triangulation techniques. Data analysis includes data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of this study are: Vocational school students' creative thinking abilities in solving open-ended problems include indikators of fluency, flexibility and novelty. Novelty is the least likely to appear. Vocational school students' creative thinking abilities in posing open-ended problems include indikators of fluency and flexibility, while indikators of novelty have not yet appeared in posing problems. When posing problems, vocational school students tend to be inspired by previously solved problems. Based on the results of this research, teachers are expected to be able to present open-ended problems in learning so that students' creative thinking abilities can develop well.
Homosexuality in the Modern World
Authors: Pachkova Petya
Published: December 2024

My main thesis is that the legitimization and stimulation of the
phenomenon went on intensively during the last decades of the 20th
century and the beginning of the 21st century. In the former “socialist”
countries it mostly took place after 1989, and in the more developed
capitalist countries, it started a little before that. In the former, it goes
more slowly, not because of the totalitarianism of the regime, as is
usually claimed, but because of the economic needs of the nomenclature.
The facts show that even in the developed capitalist countries the
legalization and stimulation is going most intensively after the 80s of the
20th century. I.e., not the democratic nature of their regime is the main
factor in the attitude towards the phenomenon, but other more
important socio-economic reasons. As usual, the political regime only
legitimizes and secures the economic interests of the ruling class.
Democracy does not create a democratic attitude to phenomena in
principle, and then only to the extent that it is in the interest of the ruling
class. The same applies to the attitude towards homosexuality in the
different periods of the development of the respective societies.
Metode Happy Qur’ani dalam Meningkatkan Motivasi dan Karakter Religius di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah
Authors: Amaliyah Ananda Baharudin  , Apriliyanti Kartika Dewi  , Nadlir
Published: December 2024

Pembelajaran Al-Qur'an sering dianggap membosankan di sekolah karena kecenderungan monoton. Untuk mengatasi hal ini, penelitian ini mengusulkan metode pembelajaran yang menyenangkan dan interaktif, dikenal sebagai metode Happy Qurani, khususnya untuk anak-anak MI. Metode ini mencakup unsur bernyanyi dan permainan tebak kata, di mana peserta didik diajak berpartisipasi dengan menyanyi dan bermain tebak kata terkait dengan materi Qur'an dan Hadits. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan dengan pendekatan kualitatif, mengandalkan literatur sebagai sumber data. Metode Happy Qurani diharapkan dapat meningkatkan karakter religius, seperti istiqomah, amanah, dan tabligh, sehingga membantu meningkatkan antusiasme peserta didik dalam pembelajaran dan mengatasi kebosanan di kelas.