bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does the family physicians’ characteristics affect Cervical Cancer Screening rates?
Authors: Sayed Sayeeda Amber , Naugler Christopher , Dickinson James
Published: September 2018

IntroductionWhile the effectiveness of cervical cancer-screening (CCS) programs is well accepted, concern is growing regarding Family physicians (FP) poor adherence to CCS guidelines resulting in over and under screening. In Canada, it is a FP responsibility to ensure that the CCS is done as per guidelines and with appropriate follow-up.

Objectives and ApproachTo identify primary care physicians’ characteristics that are associated with over and under CCS for eligible women in Calgary, Alberta.

We accessed the Calgary Laboratory Services data for 1475 FPs practicing in Calgary and linked it with the Physicians database of College of Physicians and Surgeons Alberta database. We then matched FP’s gender, country and year of medical school graduation, years since medical school graduation, certification in family medicine and their clinic address with their CCS testing patterns. Using doctors as their own controls, we compared data from 2010-2016 to determine practice variations in CCS patterns subsequent to guideline changes.

ResultsWe analyzed approximately 2,400,000 Pap test requisitions (approx. 300,000 per year) to identify screening patterns from 2010-2016 of 1475 family practitioners practicing in Calgary. Our preliminary results identified significant variations in the test ordering patterns of FPs. Approx. half of the male FPs were not performing CCS tests on their eligible female patients. Female FPs ordered more CCS tests than their male counterparts. FP trained in North America, were ordering more pap tests than FPS trained elsewhere. Decreased CSS was also observed among FPs practicing in Northeast Calgary.

Conclusion/ImplicationsWe detected three CCS patterns: FPs who never perform CSS on eligible female patients; FPs who followed recommended guidelines for performing CCS tests and FPs who performed CCS tests, not following the guidelines. To ensure appropriate use of CSS, identifying intention-behavior relationships and innovative educational interventions for FPs are required.
Prescription Opioid Use and Concurrent Psychotropic Drug Use During Pregnancy: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study Utilizing Linked Administrative Data
Authors: Singal Deepa , Chateau Dan , Dahl Matthew , Derksen Shelley , Katz Laurence , Ruth Chelsea , Hanlon-Dearman Ana , Brownell Marni
Published: September 2018

IntroductionIt is important to investigate the use of prescription opioids during pregnancy to gain insight into the potential impact of maternal opioid exposure during pregnancy on children. We report the prevalence of prescription opioid use and concurrent psychotropic drug use in a large, Canadian population-based cohort of pregnant women.

Objectives and ApproachUsing population-level linked administrative data from a universal health care system, this study included all women with a live birth in Manitoba from 1996 to 2014. Dispensing of opioids was determined from prescription drug data. Patterns of prescription opioids dispensed to pregnant women were investigated by demographic characteristics, region of residence, and socioeconomic status. Concurrent psychotropic therapies were also measured. These data address limitations associated with re-call bias, cilitate longitudinal analaysis, and allow the investigation of rare outcomes, difficult to study using other data sources.

ResultsIn a large population level sample of pregnancies (N=245,784), 2.43% of pregnancies were exposed to 2+ dispensations of opioids. An additional 4.95% of pregnancies recorded at a single opioid dispensation. Compared to women who were not dispensed any opioid prescriptions, the proportion of opioid exposed pregnancies who were also prescribed anti-depressants (SSRI/SNRI) was sevenfold higher (22.5% vs 3.05%). The same pattern was found for anxiolytics (37.2% vs 1.5%) and antipsychotics (3.5% vs 0.34%).

Conclusion/ImplicationsThese data demonstrate high proportions of women were dispensed opioids during pregnancy. Further research should be done on the short term and long term effects of these medications on infants and children. Moreover, these results highlight the need for further investigation into the effects of exposure to multiple psychotropic drugs
In-Utero SSRI and SNRI Exposure and the Risk of Long Term Adverse Mental and Educational Outcomes in Children: A Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study Utilizing Linked Administrative Data
Authors: Singal Deepa , Chateau Dan , Dahl Matthew , Katz Laurence , Ruth Chelsea , Wall-Wieler Elizabeth , Hanlon-Dearman Ana , Brownell Marni
Published: September 2018

IntroductionFew studies are capable of investigating the impact of untreated maternal depression versus in-utero antidepressant exposure on long-term effects on children. Previous studies are limited by confounding by indication and are unable to follow children over time to accurately investigate long term outcomes present in childhood and adolescence.

Objectives and ApproachWe utilize linkable administrative data to facilitate longitudinal analysis to investigate mental and educational outcomes in children exposed to in utero antidepressants. Using population-level linked administrative data from a universal health system, this study included all mother-newborn dyads in Manitoba (born 1996 to 2009, with follow-up through 2014). High Dimensional Propensity Scores and inverse probability treatment weighting were used to address confounding by indication and disease severity.Cox Proportional Hazard Regression models were used to estimate risk of mood and anxiety disorder in children and educational outcomes.

ResultsAsymmetric trimming of the study cohort resulted in a total of 4998 mother-child dyads; 4159 children whose mothers did not use SSRIs/SNRIs during pregnancy and 839 children who were exposed to 2+ prescriptions in-utero. Use of SSRIs/SNRIs during pregnancy was not associated with an increased risk of mood/anxiety disorder in children HR 1.32 (95% CI 0.67 to 2.62). Initial results on the association between in-utero antidepressant use and early childhood development index (EDI) scores indicate no impact on school readiness (31.9% vs 29.3%), or scores on standardized tests of literacy and numeracy in Grade 3 (28.4% meeting expectation versus 31.4%) and in Grade 7 (68.8% versus 70.0%).

Conclusion/ImplicationsAdministrative data facilitate investigation into an important clinical concern. These data provide robust evidence demonstrating in a large population based sample, in utero exposure to serotonergic antidepressants compared with no exposure does not increase risk of the onset of mood and anxiety disorders and adverse educational outcomes in children .
Prenatal care of women who give birth to Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in a universal health care system: A retrospective cohort study utilizing linkable administrative data
Authors: Singal Deepa , Brownell Marni , Wall-Wieler Elizabeth , Chateau Dan , Hanlon-Dearman Ana , Longestaffe Sally
Published: September 2018

IntroductionFetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is a significant public health concern. Prenatal care (PNC) settings are integral to preventing prenatal alcohol exposure as physicians delivering PNC services are in a unique position to reduce alcohol consumption during pregnancy. However, few studies have investigated PNC use among women who drink during

Objectives and ApproachAnalysis was conducted of women with children born in Manitoba between April 1, 1984 and Mach 31, 2012, with follow up till 2013 using linkable administrative and novel clinic data. Study group included women whose child(ren) were diagnosed with FASD from 1999 to 2012 (n=702) at a centralised FASD diagnostic clinic. Comparison group included women from the general population whose children who did not have an FASD diagnosis (n=2097), matched on the index child’s birthdate, postal code, and SES. Adequacy of PNC utilization was defined using the revised Graduated Index of Prenatal Care Utilization.

ResultsThis is the first population-based study to investigate rates of PNC usage of women who have given birth to children with FASD. Rates of inadequate PNC were higher among the study group (adjusted RR 2.47, 95% CI 2.08 to 2.94), as well as no PNC (adjusted RR 3.55, CI 2.42 to 5.22). Among the study group 63% accessed PNC, with 59% receiving intermediate, adequate, or intensive PNC.

Conclusion/ImplicationsResults represent opportunity for screening and brief intervention programs to be delivered in PNC health care settings, as well as outreach programs to facilitate the uptake of PNC among high risk women.
Linking First Nations data to administrative health data within Manitoba
Authors: Ramayanam Venkata Shravan , Star Leona
Published: September 2018

IntroductionFirst Nation peoples (FNs) were unable to track their own health care trends due to limitations in datasets. The key linked file enables FNs to identify themselves within administrative datasets and work with Crown governments to bring equity in all services and departments to support FNs understanding of wellness.

Objectives and ApproachFirst Nations Health and Social Secretariat of Manitoba (FNHSSM) was established by 2013 resolution of Assembly of Manitoba Chiefs (AMC) and incorporated in 2014. FNHSSM leads and supports research according to FNs criteria approved by the Chiefs in Assembly. Information Sharing Agreements (ISA) have been developed with federal and provincial governments to mandate the processes for data linkage. The ISA allows Indian Status Register (ISR) data of Department of Indigenous Services Canada (DISC) to be transferred to FNHSSM to provide oversight, and link to Provincial Personal Health Information Numbers (PHINs) to create the de-identified, scrambled, and encrypted Key Linked file.

ResultsPrevious linkages were done in early 2000s with FNs approval and oversight. The 2018 linkage is the first time that ISAs have been formally developed. ISA-1 is between FNHSSM and Manitoba Health Seniors and Active Living (MHSAL) to create Key Linked file. ISA-2 is between FNHSSM, MHSAL and Manitoba Centre for Health Policy (MCHP) at University of Manitoba, to create the FNs Research File. This research file can only be accessed with application to and approval by the MFNs Health Information Research Governance Committee. This key linked file allows FNHSSM to prepare community health profiles specifically and only for each FN, to respect FNs Data Governance under Chief and Council. A regional report on Manitoba FNs will be created for all MFNs, FNHSSM and MHSAL.

Conclusion/ImplicationsLinking datasets helps to strengthen FNs data governance in re-building nations, recognizing FNs inherent right to self-determination. Linking files help to provide meaningful data to advocate for FNs rights and access to the resources and social determinants of health needed to achieve equity in Manitoba.
Canadian trends in the social determinants of health inequalities, a census-mortality linkage approach
Authors: Irvine Katie , Smith Michael , De Vos Reinier , Brownell Adrian , Ferrante Anna , Boyd James , Thackway Sarah
Published: September 2018

IntroductionMortality inequalities by income and education levels have historically been estimated using an area-based approach in Canada. Although useful in measuring socioeconomic inequalities overtime, this method underestimates the level of inequality and only allows the examination of a single dimension at a time.

Objectives and ApproachTo create a series of census linked datasets that allowed for the examination of health inequalities across different socioeconomic dimensions. Specifically, five census cycles (beginning with the 1991 Census) were probabilistically and deterministically linked to different health outcomes (mortality, cancer, hospitalization) to create the Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort (CanCHEC). Each dataset was created using a similar methodological approach which allowed for the measurement of these health inequalities over time. Mortality inequalities by both income and education level (including multidimensional) for all causes and cause-specific groups were examined.

ResultsFive census linked datasets were constructed that followed mortality for a period of up to 20 years. The 1991 CanCHEC includes 2.6 million adults, the 1996 and 2001 CanCHECs include 3.5 million adults respectively, and the 2006 and 2011 CanCHECs include 5.9 and 6.5 million people respectively. Findings revealed a stair-stepped gradient in all-cause and cause-specific mortality by educational attainment and income quintile across each time period. The lowest mortality rates were among the university educated and richest income quintile and highest mortality rates among those with less than high school graduation and the poorest income quintile. The gradient differed by cause of death groupings. Over the 25-year time period, the mortality gradient trend varied by socioeconomic dimension and cause of death.

Conclusion/ImplicationsThese data show clear mortality inequalities by socioeconomic position across the different time periods. These linked datasets can help advance knowledge in understanding health inequalities in Canada as well as provide a tool for on-going surveillance of health inequalities by different socioeconomic dimensions.
Real world performance of privacy preserving record linkage
Authors: Irvine Katie , Smith Michael , De Vos Reinier , Brown Adrian , Ferrante Anna , Boyd James , Thackway Sarah
Published: September 2018

IntroductionPrivacy preserving record linkage (PPRL) using encoded or hashed data has potential to enable large-scale record linkage of previously inaccessible data. With limited real-world evaluation and implementation of PPRL at scale it is challenging for linkage practitioners to judiciously balance data protection with the accuracy and usability of linked datasets.

Objectives and ApproachWe evaluated the performance of PPRL techniques using Bloom filters for linkage of data across primary and secondary care settings. This technique limits the need to disclose personal information for linkage activities. Primary care data included 272,202 records from 16 general practices in NSW. This was linked to 42.8 million records from a 7 year series of emergency presentations, hospitalisations and death registrations. For the purpose of evaluation, personal information was encoded within the data linkage centre. The quality of PPRL linkage was assessed against the true match status based on a gold standard probabilistic linkage using full personal identifiers.

ResultsCompared to the gold standard probabilistic linkage using full personal identifiers, the PPRL techniques produced quality metrics of precision, recall and F measure in excess of 0.90. When configured to leverage pre-existing links between emergency department, hospital and mortality data, quality metrics around 0.98-0.99 were achieved. Lower rates of linkage quality were associated with missing demographic information and some residual variation in linkage quality across practices was observed.

Conclusion/ImplicationsPPRL using Bloom filters is a promising technique for achieving high quality linkage across primary and secondary care in Australia. Further evaluation will assess scalability and quality in Australia but international collaborations are encouraged to more rapidly develop the evidence base and tactical approaches to support real world implementations.
Linking primary care EMR data and administrative data in Alberta, Canada: experiences, challenges, and potential solutions
Authors: Garies Stephanie , Soos Boglarka , Williamson Tyler , Frost Brian , Manca Donna , Duerksen Kimberley , Ronksley Paul E , McBrien Kerry , Drummond Neil
Published: September 2018

IntroductionAdministrative data are commonly used for a variety of secondary purposes. Although they lack clinical detail and risk factor information, linkage to primary care electronic medical records (EMR) could fill this gap. Primary care EMRs are a relatively new data source available in Alberta and thus, EMR-administrative linkages are novel.

Objectives and ApproachTo describe the process undertaken for linking de-identified primary care EMR data from two regional Alberta networks of the Canadian Primary Care Sentinel Surveillance Network (CPCSSN) with administrative data (hospital admissions, emergency department visits, pharmacy information) from Alberta Health Services Analytics, specifically as it relates to a study on patients with complex, chronic diseases. As this linkage process is new in Alberta, we will describe the challenges encountered and possible solutions to inform future data linkage for research studies.

ResultsLinkage steps: 1) approval from research ethics board and individual CPCSSN providers as data custodians; 2) notify Privacy Commissioner on behalf of custodian; 3) send linking key (CPCSSN patient ID, EMR ID) from regional database to Analytics; 4) send linking files (patient personal health number [PHN], EMR ID) from custodian’s EMR system to Analytics; 5) match unique EMR ID from linking key and clinic linking files; 6) PHN from clinic linking file mapped to administrative data; 7) data de-identified before transferring to secure repository; administrative data matched to EMR data using CPCSSN ID.

Challenges: obtaining individual provider consent for each study; sampling bias; delays/issues generating clinic linkage file; mismatch between patients in clinic \& regional linking files.

Current and potential solutions will be discussed during the presentation.

Conclusion/ImplicationsAs primary care EMR and administrative data become more routinely linked and accepted, the process will become more efficient and streamlined. These data will contribute to a better understanding of patients and their care in Alberta.
Hermenêutica bíblica cristã: abordagem e implicações a partir da teologia feminista
Authors: Schmitt Flávio , De Souza Tiago Dias
Published: September 2018

O presente texto aborda alguns aspectos referentes à hermenêutica bíblica cristã a partir da perspectiva da Teologia Feminista. Percebemos que dentro desta temática existem uma diversidade de perspectivas e uma multiplicidade de correntes que transitam dentro do tema. Não dá para falar de Teologia Feminista sem levar em consideração todos os pressupostos existentes, bem como sua atual composição. Assim, a Teologia Feminista nos convida a repensar as próprias crenças e fazer uma releitura que esteja de acordo com as necessidades de diversos grupos sociais. Embora que paulatinamente tenha surgindo algumas linhas de pensamento dentro desta teologia; estas linhas de pensamento são correntes e/ou vertentes, que contribuem para o fortalecimento do pensamento de que é preciso refletir/desconstruir a identidade feminina, pois esta identidade construída ao longo dos tempos, não passa de uma construção patriarcal.
Do Concílio Vaticano II à Conferência De Medellín
Authors: Gonçalves Paulo Sérgio Lopes
Published: September 2018

Objetiva-se neste artigo analisar teologicamente a passagem da theologia mundi do Concílio Vaticano II para a teologia contextual da II Conferência Geral do Episcopado Latino-americano, realizado na cidade de Medellín, na Colômbia, no período de 26 de agosto a 06 de setembro de 1968. Justifica-se este objetivo a comemoração do jubileu de ouro desse evento, que marcou a Igreja na América Latina e consagrou uma teologia contextual, que levou a cabo, em termos históricos, a theologia mundi que se apresentava no Concílio Vaticano II. Trata-se de considerar a relação da Igreja com o mundo na contextualidade latino-americana e caribenha, tendo na figura dos pobres o elemento transversal, pelo qual Medellín se torna um evento fundamental, pertinente e relevante tanto eclesial como socialmente. Para atingir esse objetivo, apresentar-se-á a theologia mundi do Concílio Vaticano II, exporse-á o contexto histórico da América Latina na década de 1960 e elementos das conclusões de Medellín, tomando a categoria “pobre” como perspectiva que passa e sustenta todas as conclusões.
Good Culture Cooperation in Organizations in Global Perspective
Authors: Barlian Ujang Cepi
Published: September 2018

Culture  in a broad sense is a dinamic  value system in a variaties of life that go on for a long enough periode of time as the result and or the attitude of humanâ€™s guidance. Culture is belonges to the people. The difference culture of a society fr om the other lays on the itâ€™s development in fulfilling  all of the societyâ€™s need. Naturally culture is very hard to understand ,invisible, implicitly, and usually to be considered as a usual thing. But all of the organizations develope a set of understanding and an implicited order that regulates the everydays atitude in the workâ€™s place. Organization culture is a part of the existing culture. This culture is very important for the development of an organization both in the state  and private fields as well. In the state field, often happened that the state program which has adificulty, and it is usually culter considerated to be responsible to. The values that become  the loading program has not yet socialized or culture is considered to be  very difficult to change. If there is a new value  that its implementation  needs and the changes considered to be a subjection base by the state to that new culture is culture
Taylor Rule Estimation by OLS
Authors:   PUC-Rio, Carvalho Carlos , Nechio Fernanda ,   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Tristao Tiago ,   Absolute Investimentos
Published: September 2018

Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimation of monetary policy rules produces potentially inconsistent estimates of policy parameters. The reason is that central banks react to variables, such as inflation and the output gap, that are endogenous to monetary policy shocks. Endogeneity implies a correlation between regressors and the error term – hence, an asymptotic bias. In principle, Instrumental Variables (IV) estimation can solve this endogeneity problem. In practice, however, IV estimation poses challenges, as the validity of potential instruments depends on various unobserved features of the economic environment. We argue in favor of OLS estimation of monetary policy rules. To that end, we show analytically in the three-equation New Keynesian model that the asymptotic OLS bias is proportional to the fraction of the variance of regressors due to monetary policy shocks. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we then show that this relationship also holds in a quantitative model of the U.S. economy. Since monetary policy shocks explain only a small fraction of the variance of regressors typically included in monetary policy rules, the endogeneity bias tends to be small. For realistic sample sizes, OLS outperforms IV. Finally, we estimate a standard Taylor rule on different subsamples of U.S. data and find that OLS and IV estimates are quite similar.
Crises of management system: sociogenic reasons for their development and preventive approaches
Authors:   North-West Federal Tax Service  Training Institute, Murashov Sergey Borisovich
Published: September 2018

The paper discusses the problems of improving the approaches to preventing conflicts and crises of management system at the organizational level. The author highlights the sociogenic conflict- and crisis-generating factors typical for companies’ management systems. The study focuses on the significance and characteristics of social projects as a tool for mitigating and controlling these factors by managers. Besides, the paper highlights the major social and managerial prerequisites for social construction applied to crisis management. The author presents the original concept of the heteronomous nature of the management system that reflects the causes of managerial crises and conflicts in companies. The researcher examines the phenomenon of economic centrism in social management and the related problem of crisis prevention as well. The term ‘crisis preventive social project’ is introduced and defined. Moreover, the study defines and explains the specific role and principles of crisis preventive social projects in organizations.
Athletes’ resistance to chronic stress: the dynamics of psychological regulation
Authors:   Kuban State University of  Physical Education, Sport and Tourism, Gorskaya Galina Borisovna , Orlova Tatiana Aleksandrovna ,   Kuban State University of  Physical Education, Sport and Tourism
Published: September 2018

The research deals with the promotion resources of mental toughness in relation to chronic stress evoked by athletes’ participation in a long competitive season that is regarded as a long-term mental stress regulator. The study involved two teams doing aesthetic group gymnastics and demonstrating different progress. Each team consisted of ten elite female athletes. The involvement of the psychological resources of the mental toughness promotion was investigated at three stages of the competitive season. The rearrangements of mental toughness resources from one stage of the competitive season to another were described. The research revealed that the more successful team differed from the less successful one in effectiveness and adequacy of psychological resource involvement in relation to competitive aims. The less successful team demonstrated the redundancy of the psychological resource involvement along with a tendency to minimize the functions.
Cognitive prerequisites for interaction in the information environment among university students
Authors:   Ulyanovsk State University, Sedunova Anastasiya Sergeevna
Published: September 2018

The research discusses what cognitive characteristics of the actor can be considered as the cognitive strategies of interaction in the information environment. The empirical study involved three groups of indicators assessing the potential characteristics of the cognitive strategies of the actor: the structural characteristics of intelligence (according to R. Amthauer and R. Cattell), thinking styles and the assessment of the style of personal self-regulation. The factor analysis identified five main components that determined the cognitive characteristics of the actor of information interaction. In conclusion, the author considered two determinants of cognitive interaction strategies in the information environment: the strategy focused on a flexible approach to searching, selecting and testing data and the strategy focused on data processing based on the targeted and practical components.
The situational and worldview factors in the social and political involvement of the youth
Authors:   Saratov State University, Zagranichny Anton Igorevich
Published: September 2018

The research examines the factors in the social and political involvement of the youth. In the context of the approach to analyzing the interaction between the personality and the environment, the social engagement as an act of the proactive impact of the personality on the social environment is an increasingly important area in social psychology. The author describes the research findings concerning the relationship between the situational and worldview factors in the field under review. Based on the social and demographic survey, the assessment scale of the respondents’ social involvement and the Basic Assumptions Scale of R. Janoff-Bulman adopted by O. Kravtsova, the study reveals the significant situational (stability, organized and positive nature) and worldview factors (faith in kind people and faith in a just peace) in the social and political involvement in a sample of 192 people aged 15–24.
The importance of psychological training of internal affairs bodies while shooting in an emergency
Authors:   Crimean branch of Krasnodar University of  the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Kosovskiy Vladislav Borisovich
Published: September 2018

According to statistics, the society faces an overall increase in crime and the number of assaults on and (armed) resistance to law enforcement officers in certain constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The current situation is that internal affairs bodies do not always win a battle due to various reasons. A major reason includes their inadequate psychological training for suppressing the aggressive intentions of an armed criminal. The author highlights the relevance of the study into the pathogenic effects of stress factors on the psychological state of police officers and their effective/ineffective use of service weapons. The research provides recommendations that will not only improve the shooting skills of internal affairs bodies but also considerably increase their psychological resistance to various negative influences.
Self-management skills development among water transport institute students
Authors:   North-Eastern Federal University, Panina Svetlana Viktorovna , Pavlov Dmitry Igorevich ,   North-Eastern Federal University
Published: September 2018

The research discusses the educational activities aimed at developing self-management skills among water transport institute students in educational institutions of secondary vocational education. The study analyzes various psychological instructional approaches to defining the concept of self-management of students. The authors tested first- and third-year students of Yakut Institute of Water Transport on the level of self-management skills development by Peysakhov technique. The paper describes the psychological instructional techniques (axiological, cognitive and motivational) that enhance the self-government skills of students and develop the professional competence of future water transport experts in the Arctic context. The retest proves the effectiveness of psychological counseling of students conducted by means of the above-mentioned techniques and reveals the positive dynamics at all development stages of self-management skills among students.
The cross-cultural education of university students by means of innovative educational technologies
Authors:   North-Eastern Federal University, Davydova Ekaterina Mikhailovna
Published: September 2018

The research considers the problems of educational activities implemented in higher education institutions. The importance of educational work with young people is confirmed by fixing its specific goals and objectives in the relevant regulatory instruments of the Russian Federation. The author focuses on the need for cross-cultural education of modern youth due to modern challenges such as the widespread international cooperation, student exchange programs. The paper presents the results of a study aimed at determining the efficiency of innovative educational technologies applied to develop the cross-cultural competence of students. The research describes the practices of the Institute of Foreign Philology and Regional Studies at North-Eastern Federal University related to the cross-cultural education of students in French classes. It identifies that extracurricular activities play a significant role in this process. It is concluded that innovative educational technologies contribute to the development of a multicultural multilingual personality, and a well-managed educational activity makes it possible to meet the need of the personality for self-fulfillment.
A retrospective analysis of patriotic education in international education science
Authors:   Belgorod State Institute of Arts and Culture, Yastrubenko Elena Vasilyevna
Published: September 2018

The study proves the relevance of creating the modern system of patriotic education and an opportunity to apply international teaching practices in this regard. The paper focused on the works of educators and philosophers who introduced the development principles of civil responsibility and love for the motherland into the education system before the term ‘patriotism’ came into being. A retrospective analysis of patriotic education in the history of international education science demonstrates that many ideas, concepts and technology for the development of patriotism are still appropriate. The study presents different interpretations of the term ‘patriotism’ from the viewpoint of international researchers, defines the concept of patriotic education and determines the main approaches of outstanding Western scientists in this field. The analysis of the scientific literature identifies that patriotic education is increasingly recognized as a worldwide educational concern.
The social and technological aspect of the self-organization of population while solving local issues
Authors:   Belgorod State National Research University, Khripkov Kirill Aleksandrovich
Published: September 2018

The study attempts to define the social self-organization. Based on the original social research results, the author reveals several basic principles determining the self-organizing structure of local groups when addressing local issues. The self-organization of the population at the local level is an increasingly important area in a theoretical analysis. However, nowadays, many aspects of the self-organization system are ambiguously interpreted. The term ‘local community’ is primarily based on location, community and social interaction. Besides, the paper analyzes the element of social solidarity since this process is aggravated by the current trend in the social and economic polarization of society and, as a result, by the lack of social involvement.
The impact of globalization on the culture of the medical community in the Russian healthcare system
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Tatiana Vasilyevna Tatiana Vasilyevna
Published: September 2018

The paper deals with the active processes of globalization in modern society which lead to a change in culture, the growth of pragmatic focus in the individual consciousness and the emergence of a new culture in the health sector. The research examines the opinions of scientists on the globalization process, its specific traits, the development of modern civilization and its impact on the personality. The study describes the present-day phenomena such as the acquisition of new social qualities by the physician’s personality, the loss of treating culture, the modification of moral consciousness and values of medical professionals. The decrease in medical culture is evident when providing medical assistance, imposing fee-based optional medical services on patients suffered from non-existent diseases. It results in financial losses of a patient and does harm to his health. These facts reflect social injustice towards a sick person. In conclusion, the issues of enhancing healthcare management are raised.
Competency models in public service: international practices
Authors:   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Semenova Inna Vladimirovna
Published: September 2018

The research describes the most common approaches to developing competency models for public officers in foreign companies. Improving the quality of staff selection, increasing the efficiency in the workplace and conducting an in-depth analysis of labor activities of an employee or the organization as a whole became the key prerequisites for building the above-mentioned models. The choice of the relevant competency model depends on the specific nature of the state structure, the requirements for a job position, the internal rules and regulations of a company. The competency models of foreign government bodies are similar in structure but differ in the nature and scope of activities of an organization or a department. Foreign government agencies pay much attention to such professional competencies as flexible thinking, strategic planning, interpersonal relations, management skills. These competencies help strengthen the relationship between the state and society, develop public service as a democratic and professional institution aimed at maintaining social well-being.
The fundamental reasons and motives for voluntary childlessness in the modern society
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of  National Economy and Public Administration, Garaeva Elnara Ilfatovna
Published: September 2018

The research deals with the problem of voluntary childlessness in the contemporary Russian society. The paper considers the macro-reasons for the appearance and promotion of the phenomenon under review from the perspective of various international theoretical concepts and approaches. In addition, the author presents the findings of the Internet survey designed to study the motives for the voluntary choice to not have children in a child-free community that are classified into three key groups. They include childhood psychological trauma, hedonistic attitudes and worldview. While identifying the nature of childlessness, the author concludes that this phenomenon reflects the social and economic transformations and is determined by the new standards of the post-industrial society, the liberalization of higher education, the emancipation of women and gender equality and the growth of individualistic values. The paper reveals that to predict the durability of the child-free phenomenon, further theoretical and empirical research is required.
Mayer-Schönberger, V. y Cukier, K. (2013). Big Data. La revolución de los datos masivos
Authors: Hoz Morales Héctor Alberto
Published: September 2018

El argumento central de la obra de Viktor Mayer-Schönberger y Kenneth Cukier es de la mayor trascendencia para el conocimiento humano en general, y para las ciencias sociales en particular: a saber, que la aparición y el uso de los datos masivos está por provocar (y lo hace ya, de hecho, en áreas específicas del saber humano) “una revolución que transformará como vivimos, trabajamos, y pensamos”.Mayer-Schönberger, V. y Cukier, K. (2013). Big Data. The massive data revolutionSummaryThe central argument of the work of Viktor Mayer-Schönberger and Kenneth Cukier is of the greatest importance for human knowledge in general, and for the social sciences in particular: namely, that the emergence and use of massive data is about to provoke (and in fact it does already, in specific areas of human knowledge) "a revolution that will transform how we live, work, and think".Mayer-Schönberger, V. y Cukier, K. (2013). Big Data. La revolution des données massivesRésuméLe thème central de l’œuvre de Viktor Mayer-Schönberger et Kenneth Cukier est d’une grande transcendance pour la connaissance humaine, en général, et pour les sciences sociales, en particulier: soit le fait que l’apparition et l’usage des données massives sont sur le point de provoquer (et ils le font déjà dans des aires spécifiques du savoir humain) “une révolution qui transformera comment nous vivons, travaillons et pensons”.
Acerca de este número
Authors: Zavaleta Betancourt José Alfredo
Published: September 2018

Clivajes. Revista de Ciencias Sociales. Año V, número 9, enero-junio, 2018.Acción colectivaEl presente número significa una inflexión en la historia de Clivajes. Revista de Ciencias Sociales, pues cierra una primera época de publicaciones.Los materiales que el lector tiene en sus manos abordan, desde ángulos diversos, problemáticas urgentes en nuestro trabajo social y científico. Bajo el título “Acción colectiva”, el número 9 de Clivajes se compone de 10 trabajos: ocho ensayos, resultado de procesos de investigación en el campo de las ciencias sociales, y dos reseñas críticas que en conjunto ejemplifican una pluralidad de estilos, y algunos de ellos se orientan claramente hacia búsquedas emancipatorias.¿Cómo abrir nuevas perspectivas de objetivación de lo social? ¿Qué nuevos derroteros pueden tomar las distintas formas de acción colectiva? ¿Cuál es el papel de los jóvenes organizados como agentes de cambio? Estas son algunas de las preguntas transversales a las que responden los trabajos publicados en Clivajes 9.
EMPRESA INDIVIDUAL DE RESPONSABILIDADE LIMITADA (EIRELI) E AÇÃO DIRETA DE INCONSTITUCIONALIDADE (ADI) 4.637/2011
Authors: Ferreira Carolina Iwancow , Mostaço Gabriel Marques , Pereira Henrique Zigart , Dutra Nathan Cunha
Published: September 2018

Com o objetivo de compreender a vedação criada pela Empresa Individual de Responsabilidade Limitada (EIRELI) no tocante à necessária integralização do capital social referente a 100 (cem) vezes o maior salário mínimo vigente e as motivações que embasaram a ADI 4.637/2011, foi realizado estudo acerca do surgimento, da formação e das características peculiares deste novo ente jurídico no direito brasileiro. Analisamos o interregno histórico que propiciou a criação do elemento principal que perfaz a EIRELI, ressaltando os motivos da implementação da limitação patrimonial ao pequeno empresário brasileiro, como medida incentivadora à formalização de grande parte dos empresários individuais no país. Finalmente, a doutrina e jurisprudência são responsáveis pela perpetuação ou não destes novos ideais.
Stewardship and the Natural Resources Framework
Authors: Hearnshaw Edward , Smith Trecia , Carpenter Jane , Pennington John , Mowbray Jace , Maplesden Rebecca , Palmer James
Published: September 2018

New Zealand’s natural resources are under increasing pressure from competing uses and are, in some areas, approaching limits. Management of our natural resources has been and will continue to be a complex and contentious intergenerational issue. This complexity arises because of the many interrelationships and interdependencies between environmental and social systems involved in natural resource management, as well as the legacy of past decisions. The contentiousness arises, in part, because natural resources are typically finite and shared, where people hold different values regarding their appropriate use.
The green economy: mythical or meaningful?
Authors: Fiorino Daniel J
Published: September 2018

The conflicts among ecological and economic goals have been a central characteristic of environmental politics since the emergence of the modern environmental movement in the 1960s. On one side of the debate is the argument that reducing pollution and protecting ecosystems and other resources unnecessarily impairs economic expansion, competitiveness and prosperity. From this point of view, although some environmental safeguards are needed, public policy should favour growth as a general rule. On the other side is the assertion that human health and ecological limits demand a carefully managed path for growth, including little or even no growth, and a preference for ecological over economic goals when they conflict. Environmental politics has consisted of a struggle to define where the balance between these goals should be struck.
Collaborative planning for freshwater: the challenge of a new paradigm
Authors: Sinner Jim , Berkett Natasha
Published: September 2018

As New Zealand embarks on a new way of doing freshwater planning it is important to consider the forces driving this change, and some of the fundamental ideas about knowledge and democratic institutions that are being redefined along the way. Understanding these changes will help us to identify some of the challenges we must address to realise the potential of collaborative planning. This article draws upon the international and emerging New Zealand literature on collaborative planning, as well as the authors’ experience with a collaborative planning process for the greater Heretaunga plains of Hawke’s Bay.
The Open Government Partnership: what are the challenges and opportunities for New Zealand?
Authors: Macaulay Michael
Published: September 2018

In November 2013 New Zealand signed up to the Open Government Partnership (OGP), which was established in 2011 and comprises 63 nations. The OGP operates as a partnership on two levels: nationally, as a partnership between governments and civil society organisations to effect reforms in various areas; and internationally between nations sharing ideas and good practice and collaborating in areas of transparency, integrity and public safety.
Later life in rental housing: current New Zealand issues
Authors: Keeling Sally
Published: September 2018

Historically, New Zealand has had relatively high rates of home ownership, with widely held aspirations for mortgagefree tenure in later life. As a consequence, examination of the small but growing numbers of older renters has been limited (Nana et al., 2009, p.20). This article draws together local research, commissioned policy development work and comparative evidence to identify the characteristics of older people in rental accommodation, current and projected issues and potential policy issues.
Wealth inequality among New Zealand’s Generation X
Authors: Chapple Simon , Hogan Sean , Milne Barry , Poulton Richie , Ramrakha Sandhya
Published: September 2018

Generation X, denoting the post-baby boom generation, is a term typically used to describe those born between the mid-1960s and early 1980s. The well-known Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study cohort, born in 1972/73, are therefore near the middle of Generation X. The Dunedin cohort was born in fairly stable social circumstances. As children they experienced the social changes of 1970s New Zealand – the rise of sole-parent families, a deteriorating job market and a stagnating economy. They went through the economic reforms of the 1980s as high school students, and attended university or entered the labour market during the recession of 1989–92. They were faced with user pays in the higher education system, first through full fees and then student loans. They face the prospect of being more reliant on their own resources for providing for their living standards during their retirement than previous generations.
A New Zealand perspective on Thomas Piketty’s ‘Capital in the Twenty first Century’
Authors: Bertram Geoff
Published: September 2018

During much of the second half of the 20th century the disappearance of distributional questions from the mainstream economic literature created little disquiet, because the experience of the period seemed consistent with the notion that market economies could combine growth and reasonable equality, without needing anything more than the normatively-driven apparatus of the welfare state to redistribute income at the margin in favour of the less fortunate. But now political economy is back. Thomas Piketty (2014) has breathed new life into the proposition that capitalism shares with other economic systems an inherent tendency for wealth and power to become concentrated in the hands of a narrow elite, and for the resulting inequality to become entrenched through inheritance.
The inequality debate: the neglected role of residential sorting
Authors: Morrison Philip S
Published: September 2018

One of the curious features of recent writing on income inequality is the scant attention paid to the geography of inequality, to the spatial separation of rich and poor. While it is recognised that social capital can be enhanced by residential sorting into more homogeneous groups, there is longstanding concern that this same residential sorting may exacerbate existing inequality by inhibiting the social mobility of the poor (Turner and Fortuny, 2009).  The perspective I want to advance here differs from the standard ‘neighbourhood effects’ literature by focusing not on those living in poor neighbourhoods, but instead on the benefits residential sorting may yield for the rich – the way in which location decisions redistribute income to the upper end of the income distribution and hence further income (and wealth) inequality.
Decentralisation: does the New Zealand local government system measure up
Authors: Reid Mike
Published: September 2018

Decentralisation continues to be well received as a strategy for improving the governance of countries and delivering more responsive and efficient services. Cheerleaders include multilateral agencies like the World Bank and developed countries, like England, which seek to reverse years of centralisation. Evaluating the effectiveness of decentralised models raises the question of what it means to be ‘decentralised’, and how decentralisation itself is measured. This article describes the World Bank’s diagnostic framework for assessing decentralisation and applies the framework to the New Zealand local government system.