bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hunting for Reality: An Interview with Marina Razbezhkina
Authors: Kostina Anastasia
Published: February 2020

Marina Razbezhkina is a well-known Russian documentary filmmaker, educator, and founder of the largest independent documentary school in the country. Her very original approach to documentary, which combines intimate proximity to the protagonist with raw observational aesthetics, revolutionized the Russian film landscape and became the trademark of her school. Her students most often work as a one-person crew with a lightweight hand-held camera shadowing their protagonists up close. This “hunt for reality,” as Razbezhkina terms the practice, usually results in deeply engaging observational documentaries that completely absorb the viewer into an unfamiliar reality. In this interview Razbezhkina talks about the beginnings of her career, explains the origins and the core of her filmmaking method, and discusses the changing role of documentary in the modern world.
Searching for Betty Chen: Rediscovering the Asian American Filmmakers of UCLA in the Seventies
Authors: Luckett Josslyn
Published: February 2020

Of the group of filmmakers of color who arrived at UCLA in the late 60s and 70s, as part of an affirmative action initiative called the Ethno-Communications Program, a growing body of award-winning scholarship has been devoted to the black filmmakers now known as the L.A. Rebellion. There is also an important body of work on the Asian American men who founded the nation's oldest and still vibrant Asian American media organization, Visual Communications (VC). This essay aims to expand this scholarship by centering the contributions of the group of Asian American women who trained at UCLA film school during this period, highlighting in particular the activist work of Betty Chen and Laura Ho.
Personality types in individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Rouland A , Chauvet-Gelinier J-C , Sberna A-L , Crevisy E , Buffier P , Mouillot T , Petit J-M , Vergès B
Published: February 2020

Objective

The Type A personality, characterized by impatience, strong career ambition and competitiveness, is associated with greater sensitivity to external stress. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an auto-immune disease, which is potentially influenced by stress, unlike type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of this study was to assess whether individuals with T1D and T2D exhibited significant differences on the Type A personality scale. We also assessed personality in patients with thyroid auto-immune diseases to validate potential links between auto-immune disease and Type A personality.

Design and methods

The Bortner questionnaire was used to assess Type A personality in 188 patients with T1D, 430 patients with T2D and 85 patients with auto-immune thyroid disease (Graves’ disease or Hashimoto’s thyroiditis).

Results

Type A Bortner scores were significantly higher in T1D patients than in T2D patients (188 ± 34 vs 177 ± 36, P < 0.0001). Patients with auto-immune thyroid diseases and T1D patients had similar Type A Bortner scores (189 ± 33 vs 188 ± 34, P = 0.860).

Conclusion

Patients with auto-immune T1D have higher Type A scores than T2D patients. Furthermore, patients with auto-immune thyroid disease also have elevated Type A scores similar to those observed in type 1 diabetes, suggesting that an elevated Type A score in T1D is potentially related to its auto-immune origin. This suggests a possible link between Type A personality and auto-immune diseases via stress-triggering psychobiological pathways. The different personality score between T1D and T2D is an important factor, which could influence self-care coping strategies in diabetes and long-term prognosis.
The Motive Of Crime In Foreign Law: A Comparative Legal Analysis
Authors: Leka Yu.V.
Published: February 2020

The article substantiates the need to carry out a comparative legal analysis of Ukrainian and foreign legislation on fixing the motive of the crime and its criminal- legal significance. Comparative analysis of the laws of foreign countries is made taking into account the membership of countries in the legal systems. The research of the legal status of the motive of crime in the legislation of foreign countries was carried out on the basis of consideration of basic acts of criminal legislation approved at the state level by the higher legislative bodies of a state. The analysis of various approaches to determining the motive of the crime based on the works of foreign and domestic scientists. On the basis of consideration of normative legal acts of criminal nature of foreign countries, the main terms, which indicate the motive of the crime are defined. The basic approaches of fixing the motive of crime in the legislation of foreign countries are defined and the ways of improvement of the Ukrainian legislation in this matter are proposed. It has been established that the legislation of some countries clearly traces the role of motive as a circumstance aggravating punishment and as a sign that must be taken into account directly in sentencing. In spite of this, most countries still hold a position of indifference to the motive of the crime, recognizing it as a minor element of the subjective side of the crime. It is established that the position of the Ukrainian legislator on the optionality of the sign of motive among other constituents of the subjective side of the crime and the obligatory sign among the elements of evidence in the criminal process is quite logical and justified. But many aspects related to the motive for the crime must be refined. Ukrainian legislation, including criminal law, become more progressive every year and meets European standards.
Force Majeure For Contract Agreement
Authors: Kostiv I.Ya.
Published: February 2020

Agricultural production is an activity characterized by a high degree of risk. First of all it is caused by unpredictability of weather conditions and natural disasters. In addition, armed conflict in eastern Ukraine, annexation of the Crimea, strikes, industrial accidents - all these conditions affect the quantity and quality of products, as well as the timing of fulfillment of obligations.

Therefore, the topic of force majeure is extremely relevant to agricultural producers, as a basis for exemption from liability for failure or improper performance of the contract.

The onset of force majeure is the basis for the release of the guilty person from responsibility for non-fulfillment (breach) of its contractual obligation, tract, agreement. At the same time, the onset of force majeure must be duly certified (verified) in accordance with compliance with the provisions of the current legislation of Ukraine and the terms of the agreement thief, as one party to the contract may require the other payment of penalties (in case of improperly confirmed-whether or not confirmation of the occurrence of force majeure). List of circumstances of force majeure and their order confirmation is agreed by the parties directly in the contractri. Often the parties assume that the evidence of force majeure The Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Ukraine implements the most serious circumstances

The article is dedicated to understanding “force majeure” and “excessive power” as well as to the specificities of the contract for the contractual contract for the nonnegotiable settlement of the contract.

Therefore, in order to prevent the parties to the contractual contraction from possible negative situations in the future, it is necessary to determine from the outset what the circumstances will be considered as force majeure, what will confirm the occurrence of such circumstance, the timing of notification of the other party about such circumstances, etc.
Draft Genome Assembly of Floccularia luteovirens, an Edible and Symbiotic Mushroom on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Gan Xiaolong , Cao Dong , Zhang Zhenyu , Cheng Shu , Wei Le , Li Shiming , Liu Baolong
Published: February 2020

Floccularia luteovirens, also known as “Yellow mushroom”, is an edible ectomycorrhizal fungus widely distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau alpine meadow. So far, little genomic information is known about F. luteovirens, which is not conductive to the protection and utilization of it. In this manuscript, we present a first draft genome assembly and annotation of F. luteovirens. The fruiting body of F. luteovirens was sequenced with PacBio Sequel and Illumina Hiseq 2500 system. The assembled genome size was 28.8 Mb, and comprising 183 contigs with a N50 contig size of 571 kb. A total of 8,333 protein-coding genes were predicted and 7,999 genes were further assigned to different public protein databases. Besides, 400 CAZymes were identified in F. luteovirens. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that F. luteovirens should belong to the Agaricaceae family. Time tree result showed that the speciation of F. luteovirens happened approximately 170 Million years ago. Furthermore, 357 species-specific gene families were annotated against KEGG and GO database. This genome assembly and annotation should be an essential genomic foundation for understanding the phylogenetic, metabolic and symbiotic traits of F. luteovirens.
Changes in the Situation of Different Demographic Groups in the Lithuanian Labour Market and the Influence of Methodical Differences on Relative Unemployment Indicators
Authors: Pocius Arūnas
Published: February 2020

The paper analyses employment, activity and unemployment trends in Lithuania by sex and age, with thefocus on the monitoring of the labour market situation of different demographic groups. The possibilities of integratingwomen and men, elderly and young people into the labour market are evaluated using key labour market indicators. Differentunemployment estimation methods are used for the assessment of changes in the labour market situation of differentdemographic groups in Lithuania. Statistical data analysis is supplemented by the results of individual research.
Postsekularyzm a literatura. Przykład Edwarda Stachury
Authors: Kołos Anna
Published: February 2020

brak
Internetowy dyskurs o współczesnych postawach i wartościach na przykładzie strony Demotywatory.pl
Authors: Kapusta Ewa
Published: February 2020

brak
The relationship between childhood trauma and Internet gaming disorder among college students: A structural equation model
Authors: Shi Lijuan , Wang Yuanyuan , Yu Hui , Wilson Amanda , Cook Stephanie , Duan Zhizhou , Peng Ke , Hu Zhishan , Ou Jianjun , Duan Suqian , Yang Yuan , Ge Jiayu , Wang Hongyan , Chen Li , Zhao Kaihong , Chen Runsen
Published: February 2020

Background

The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanisms of Internet gaming disorder (IGD) and the associated interaction effects of childhood trauma, depression and anxiety in college students.

Methods

Participants were enrolled full-time as freshmen at a University in the Hunan province, China. All participants reported their socio-demographic characteristics and undertook a standardized assessment on childhood trauma, anxiety, depression and IGD. The effect of childhood trauma on university students' internet gaming behaviour mediated by anxiety and depression was analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM) using R 3.6.1.

Results

In total, 922 freshmen participated in the study, with an approximately even male-to-female ratio. A mediation model with anxiety and depression as the mediators between childhood trauma and internet gaming behaviour allowing anxiety and depression to be correlated was tested using SEM. The SEM analysis revealed that a standardised total effect of childhood trauma on Internet gaming was 0.18, (Z = 5.60, 95% CI [0.02, 0.05], P < 0.001), with the direct effects of childhood trauma on Internet gaming being 0.11 (Z = 3.41, 95% CI [0.01, 0.03], P = 0.001), and the indirect effects being 0.02 (Z = 2.32, 95% CI [0.00, 0.01], P = 0.020) in the pathway of childhood trauma-depression-internet gaming; and 0.05 (Z = 3.67, 95% CI [0.00, 0.02], P < 0.001) in the pathway of childhood trauma-anxiety-Internet gaming. In addition, the two mediators anxiety and depression were significantly correlated (r = 0.50, Z = 13.54, 95% CI [3.50, 5.05], P < 0.001).

Conclusions

The study revealed that childhood trauma had a significant impact on adolescents' Internet gaming behaviours among college students. Anxiety and depression both significantly mediated the relationship between childhood trauma and internet gaming and augmented its negative influence. Discussion of the need to understand the subtypes of childhood traumatic experience in relationship to addictive behaviours is included.
Gaps in the Management of Depression Symptoms Following Cancer Diagnosis: A Population-Based Analysis of Prospective Patient-Reported Outcomes
Authors: Hallet Julie , Davis Laura E. , Isenberg-Grzeda Elie , Mahar Alyson L. , Zhao Haoyu , Zuk Victoria , Moody Lesley , Coburn Natalie G.
Published: February 2020

Background

One of the most common psychological morbidities of cancer is depression. Routine depression symptoms screening (DSS) is recommended, but its ability to lead to psychosocial interventions in clinical practice is limited. We examined the use of and factors associated with psychosocial interventions for positive DSS following cancer diagnosis.

Materials and Methods

We conducted a population-based cohort study of patients with diagnoses from 2010 to 2017 who reported ≥1 patient-reported Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) score. Positive DSS was defined as ESAS ≥2 out of 10 for the depression item within 6 months of diagnosis. Outcomes were psychosocial interventions around the time of positive DSS: palliative care assessment, psychiatry/psychology assessment, social work referral, and antidepressant therapy (in patients ≥65 years of age with universal drug coverage). We examined reduction in depression symptom score (≥1 point) following intervention. Modified Poisson regression examined factors associated with interventions.

Results

Of 142,270 patients, 65,424 (46.0%) reported positive DSS at a median of 66 days (interquartile range: 34–105) after diagnosis. Of those with depression symptoms, 17.1% received palliative assessment, 1.7% psychiatry/psychology assessment, 8.4% social work referral, and 4.3% antidepressant therapy. Depression symptom score decreased in 67.2% who received palliative assessment, 63.7% with psychiatry/psychology assessment, 67.3% with social work referral, and 71.4% with antidepressant therapy. On multivariable analysis, patients with older age, rural residence, lowest income quintile, and genitourinary or oropharyngeal cancer were more likely to not receive intervention other than palliative care.

Conclusion

The proportion of patients reporting positive DSS after cancer diagnosis receiving psychosocial intervention is low. We identified patients vulnerable to not receiving interventions, who may benefit from additional support. These data represent a call to action to modify practice and optimize the usefulness of systematic symptom screening.

Implications for Practice

Patient-reported depression symptoms screening should be followed by targeted interventions to improve symptoms and patient-centered management.
Seismic behaviour of Taiwanese timber complex brackets subjected to out-of-plane loading
Authors: Yeo Sok-Yee , Chung Yu-Lin , Huang Yu-Chih , Yeh Yu-Hsiang , Hsu Min-Fu
Published: February 2020

The Taiwanese Dieh-Dou-type complex brackets used in traditional timber buildings are commonly believed to sustain both in-plane and out-of-plane loadings of the main frame during seismic events. From past statistical investigation, single-tier, double-tier and triple-tier asymmetric bracket designs were chosen as test subjects. A series of quasi-static cyclic tests was applied to full-scale specimens to evaluate their seismic behaviour when subjected to out-of-plane loading. The test specimens generally exhibited significantly higher resistance when all horizontal members sustained compression. The Gong members functioned like braces and subsequently led to enhanced resistance. However, when the global structure was subjected to tension, the joints of Gong, purlin support and purlin members were more likely to be pulled out. The counter-resistance force observed from the tension side resembled that of rigid-body rotation. The triple-tier specimen sustained more serious damage than the other two types, where the middle Dou member was more prone to split due to stress concentration. The proposed bi-linear semi-rigid spring models were in good agreement with the test results, so the general assumptions made were valid.
Seismic retrofit of stone walls with timber panels and steel wire ropes
Authors: Borri Antonio , Sisti Romina , Corradi Marco
Published: February 2020

Historic constructions are common in Europe, but natural hazards can produce significant damage. Shear reinforcement of historic walls, especially in seismic areas, is often necessary and new retrofitting methods have recently been proposed to restore or increase the lateral capacity of shear walls. In this paper the combined use of cross-laminated timber panels and steel wire ropes is proposed to reinforce rubble stone masonry walls with the aim of increasing their lateral load capacity while improving the energy performance of the building envelope. An experimental programme was carried out in the laboratory to assess the mechanical effectiveness of this retrofitting method. The results from a series of quasi-static cyclic shear tests are presented. The test programmes are described and the analysis of test results is included. The potential benefits and limitations regarding the use of the proposed combined method for reinforcing masonry structures are discussed, with an emphasis on the in-plane behaviour.
CODEX Preparation of Reporter 96-Well Plates v1
Authors: Nick Jerelyn , Jorgensen Marda
Published: February 2020

A CODEX® Reporter is a fluorescent dye conjugated to an oligonucleotide that is complementary to a specific oligonucleotide barcoded antibody. This protocol describes how to prepare 96-well plates of Reporter Mix for use in a CODEX® run. Each well contains Reporters are grouped together in mixtures of three per cycle plus the nuclear stain. During each cycle the Codex instrument dispenses one well on the tissue sample and images the 3 markers and the nuclear stain. At the end of the cycle the Reporters are removed from the tissue by a gentle wash.
Sterivex DNA extraction v1
Authors: Lampe Rob , E Allen Andrew
Published: February 2020

A mostly automated protocol for extraction of genomic DNA from seawater filtered onto a Sterivex filter (Cat. No. SVGP0150). Reagents come from the Macherey-Nagel NucleoMag Plant Kit for DNA purfication (Cat. No. 744400). Automated liquid handling is performed on an eppendorf EpMotion 5075t with multi-channel pipettes. This protocol assumes that the Sterivex is sealed with tube sealant on the male end and a male-luer lock plug on the female end. Using this protocol, we routinely extract ~80 samples at a time. The protocol has been modified to increase to an 800 µL starting volume. This normally results in less Binding Buffer MC2 than is needed. Extra binding buffer should be purchased separately. The kit manual can be found here: https://www.mn-net.com/media/pdf/09/46/a0/Instruction-NucleoMag-Plant.pdf The epMotion program is attached here.
Artificial Neural Networks in Cardiology: Analysis of Numerical and Text Data
Authors: Onishchenko P.S. , Klyshnikov K.Y. , Ovcharenko E.A.
Published: February 2020

This review discusses works on the use of artificial neural networks for processing numerical and textual data. Application of a number of widely used approaches is considered, such as decision support systems; prediction systems, providing forecasts of outcomes of various methods of treatment of cardiovascular diseases, and risk assessment systems. The possibility of using artificial neural networks as an alternative approach to standard methods for processing patient clinical data has been shown. The use of neural network technologies in the creation of automated assistants to the attending physician will make it possible to provide medical services better and more efficiently.
SOCIAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF FUNCTIONING THE IMAGE OF A MODERN LEADER IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE MODERN STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE UKRAINIAN SOCIETY
Authors: Turуnіna O. , Ilyanova A.
Published: February 2020

The work is devoted to the psychological analysis of the features of the image of the leader at the present stage of development of the Ukrainian state. The need for psychological studies of the image is conditioned by the contradictions between the social practice of image functioning in different spheres of social life and the need for its theoretical reflection. Methods based on the means of social and psychological influence become significant. Among these tools, the image of the leader is essential. During the creation of his vision, the leader demonstrates the most attractive individual, personal, and professional qualities, learns to see them in themselves "from the side", is aware of his shortcomings, correlates his own characteristics with the standard of personality. In recent years, the concept of the image has firmly entered the information space. In most cases, the image is perceived by people like a specific value, which is associated with the success of certain activities, both individual and collective. Representatives of psychological science have increased their interest in the phenomenon of an image, as evidenced by the sharp increase in recent years in the number of scientific publications on topics related to the image or its aspects. As a result of research using the methods of a questionnaire survey followed by in-depth interviews in focus groups, the ranking structure of the expert model of an ideal modern leader and the ranking structure of the image model of a modern leader in everyday consciousness are presented. The findings of the study described the socio-psychological mechanisms of the functioning of the image as a phenomenon of interpersonal interaction, including: the manifestation of the characteristics of group interaction; the use of social representations and stereotypes; the realization of the self-concept of the subject of the image in correlation relationships with the self-concepts of other subjects of image interaction and the like. The disclosure of the socio-psychological mechanisms of the functioning of the image, their accounting and use are necessary for the development of productive activities on the formation of an optimal image as a phenomenon of interpersonal interaction.
Prestiż zawodów prawniczych wśród studentów prawa a zamiar ich wykonywania
Authors: Pilipiec Sławomir , Kępa Monika
Published: February 2020

The study presents the results of a qualitative survey carried out among students who study law at the Faculty of Law and Administration of the Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, which refers to the results of a quantitative survey conducted in 2017. The qualitative research was carried out on a representative sample chosen in a deliberate-and-random manner. The research technique consisted of recording the results of direct interviews based on a standardised questionnaire. Substantive questions were aimed at identifying the reasons for the previously identified discrepancies between the prestige of legal professions as perceived by law students and their intention to pursue these professions. Definitely, the profession of judge enjoys the greatest prestige, but the future legal practitioners mostly do not indicate this profession as the one they intend to practise. Preferred are the professions related to the provision of legal assistance services, i.e. of advocate (adwokat) or attorney-at-law (radca prawny). The profession of judge is endowed with high prestige, while at the same time it is the most demanding legal profession. The difficulty of this profession consists especially in the manner of entry into the profession, the high responsibility and the stress related to the exercise of the function of judge. They have also pointed that judge’s salary is not proportionate to the workload and responsibility imposed on judges. On the other hand, the professions of advocate and attorney-at-law are the most popular ones because of the huge opportunities they offer. This includes the accessibility to these professions and the wide range of powers and autonomy of those who pursue them. They are associated with different forms in which legal assistance services may be provided, in the case of attorneys-at-law also under an employment contract.
KOLABORASI PERGURUAN TINGGI-PEMERINTAH DESA-SWASTA DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN JIWA KEWIRAUSAHAAN PEMUDA DAN WANITA DALAM MEMBANGUN DESA WISATA KEBANGSAAN
Authors: Untari Sri
Published: February 2020

Tujuan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah: (a) menemukan potensi wisata desa Wonorejo; (b) mengembangkan kerjasama PT-Pemdes-Swasta dalam mengembangkan desa wisata kebangsaan; (c) melaksanakan pendampingan pada karang taruna dan PKK dalam pembuatan cinderamata. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan dengan menggunakan pendekatan PRA (Partisipation Rural Appraisal), adapun langkahnya observasi, sosialisasi, fasilitasi, diskusi terfokus, pendampingan dan evaluasi. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian sebagai berikut: (a) potensi desa yang akan dikembangkan adalah potensi wisata alam, yakni Pantai Perengan, (b) kerjasama antara PT yaki UM dengan Pemdes Wonorejo dibuat melalui Nota Kesepahaman, sedangkan dengan swasta tanpa dokumen tertulis; (b) pendampingan PKK, menghasilkan cinderamata sederhana dari koran, dan Karang Taruna dengan kaos sablon yang mengandung ikon “WOKE”Wonorejo Kebangsaan. Berdasarkan hasil pengabdian direkomendasikan pada pemerintah desa untuk membuat desain pengembangan desa wisata kebangsaan, yang dimasukan dalam program rencana pembangunan desa. Bagi UM agar terus melaksanakan pendampingan melalui KKN, PKM dan penelitian serta pengabdian kepada masyarakat secara berkelanjutan dan bagi swasta dalam hal ini pengelola unit Usaha Baluran agar memberi peluang Karang Taruna menjual produksinya dalam baluran display.
POTENSI DESA WISATA SABUNG AYAM NON JUDI DI KELURAHAN NGLEGOK, KEC. NGLEGOK, KAB. BLITAR (Strategi Kontruktif Mengatasi Judi Sabung Ayam Berbasis Wisata)
Authors: Sudirman Sudirman
Published: February 2020

Sabung ayam di Kelurahan Nglegok, Kec. Nglegok, Kab. Blitar sudah menjadi tradisi yang melekat dalam kehidupan keseharian masyarakat, sehingga sulit untuk dicegah melalui cara-cara yang tidak mengakomodir tradisi tersebut. Pandangan negara terhadap budaya sabung ayam disamakan dengan perjudian, sehingga masyarakat yang melakukan sabung ayam sering ditangkap oleh aparat kepolisian. Penanggulangan sabung ayam melalui cara represif dengan sanksi pidana dan penggerebekan tidak akan menyelesaikan masalah dan justru akan melahirkan masalah-masalah baru dalam kehidupan masyarakat. Oleh karena itu perlu solusi yang dapat menyelesaikan masalah sabung ayam, namun tidak mencabut akar tradisi sabung ayam itu sendiri. Artinya masyarakat tetap dapat menyalurkan tradisi sabung ayam tanpa ada unsur pidana dalam tradisi yang dilakukan. Solusi yang ditawarkan adalah pengembangan desa wisata sabung ayam non judi di Kelurahan Nglegok, Kec. Nglegok, Kab. Blitar. Metode yang digunakan adalah pemberdayaan masyarakat. Hasil dari pengembangan desa wisata sabung ayam non judi di Kelurahan Nglegok, Kec. Nglegok, Kab. Blitar  dapat dilaksanakan dengan langkah 1. Observasi potensi pendukung pengembangan desa wisata; 2. Pembekalan dan perencanaan desa wisata sabung ayam; 3. Pendampingan pembuatan even desa wisata.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17977/um032v2i22019p082
MULTIMEDIA-BASED LISTENING MATERIALS FOR LOWER SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Rakhmawati Isna , Rachmajanti Sri
Published: February 2020

Achieving the Millennium Development Goals means preparing the Z Generation to learn English in more challenging instructional process that requires instruction using technology-based materials. Ample research has been conducted in developing such materials; however, little has been carried out for non-college students. Therefore, this study was conducted to develop a prototype of supplementary multimedia-based listening materials to teach descriptive texts for the seven graders using scientific procedure as recommended by the 2013 Curriculum involving stages of learning, namely: observing the oral texts, formulating questions about the texts, collecting the data, analyzing the data, communicating knowledge about the oral texts and then finally creating the texts. The research design of this study was adapted from the framework of developmental model by Gall, et al. (2003) that covers the following steps: needs assessment, product planning and design, product development, product validation, product revision and product try-out. The procedures of materials development were adapted from the Delphi Model by Kinney and Bruck (2009) which includes pre-development, product development, and final product. The final product of this study was in the form of macromedia flash file attached inside CDs/DVDs. The result of product evaluation and try-out showed that the listening materials were interestingly presented in terms of topics, listening activities and animations, and motivating for the students to learn descriptive texts.
Orientación espacial en niños de cuatro años de una escuela pública y privada
Authors: Neyra Fernández Leidy Melissa , Novoa Castillo Pedro Félix , Uribe Hernández Yrene Cecilia , Ramirez Maldonado Yenncy Petronila , Cancino Verde Rosalinn Francisca
Published: February 2020

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo general determinar la diferencia en la orientación espacial en niños de cuatro años de una Institución Educativa Pública y una Institución Educativa Privada, Lima. Los fundamentos teóricos se basaron en la teoría de Jean Piaget, que refiere los procesos cognitivos desarrollados según la edad de los infantes, los cuales se relacionan con las etapas de adquisición del espacio. Además, se consideró la teoría de inteligencia espacial de Howard Gardner. La investigación es tipo básica, nivel descriptivo comparativo. Se empleó como instrumento una lista de cotejo. Se obtuvo 0,023 (p <.005), es decir existe diferencia en la orientación espacial en de cuatro años a favor de la institución educativa privada.
Frenet Çatısına Göre Spacelike Normalli Spacelike Salkowski Eğrisinden Elde Edilen Smarandache Eğrileri
Authors: ŞENYURT Süleyman , EREN Kemal
Published: February 2020

Bu çalışmada ilk
olarak spacelike normalli spacelike Salkowski eğrisinin Frenet vektörlerinden
elde edilen regüler Smarandache eğrileri tanımlandı. Daha sonra her bir
Smarandache eğrisinin Frenet vektörleri, eğrilik ve torsiyonu hesaplandı. Son
olarak elde edilen eğrilerin Frenet elemanları spacelike Salkowski eğrisinin
Frenet elemanları cinsinden yazılarak grafikleri çizildi.
Lower Bound Eigenvalue Problems of the Compact Riemannian Spin-Submanifold Dirac Operator
Authors: EKER Serhan
Published: February 2020

In
this paper, we construct two modified spinorial LeviCivita connection based on the EnergyMomentum tensor and its trace to bring an optimal
lower bound to the eigenvalues of the compact Riemannian Spinsubmanifold Dirac operator in terms of the the
EnergyMomentum tensor and its trace.  Then, we extend these estimates in terms of
the Yamabe number and the area of the submanifold under the conformal change of
the metric.
Randomized placebo controlled study of diclofenac as premedication for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Authors: Parekh Darshan Vinod , Rambhia Samir , Joshi Mohan A. , Kumar Vineet , Pawar Vishwajeet , Pohekar Monika J. , Deshpande Rohit
Published: February 2020

Background: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a complex procedure which is commonly performed at various centres. It causes considerable amount of pain and discomfort to patients, and various centres have their own protocols regarding its management. Authors aim to study the efficacy of intravenous diclofenac as a premedication to reduce the pain and discomfort during and after ERCP.Methods: This was a randomized placebo-controlled trial evaluating 40 patients. The pain and degree of discomfort was investigated using a 4- point ordinal scale questionnaire.Results: The use of intravenous diclofenac as premedication for ERCP significantly reduces pain and discomfort during and after the procedure.Conclusions: Intravenous diclofenac should be used as a premedication for ERCP procedure as it significantly reduces the pain and discomfort during and after the procedure.
Frey’s procedure - does it improve quality of life? A single centre experience of long term outcome following Frey’s procedure
Authors: Soundararajan L. , Ulagendraperumal Srinivasan , Prabhakaran R. , Naganathbabu O. L.
Published: February 2020

Background: The objective of the study was to find out long term outcome of patients who underwent Frey’s procedure for chronic calcific pancreatitis.Methods: This is a prospective observational study from retrospectively collected data of all patients who underwent Frey’s procedure for chronic calcific pancreatitis in Institute of Surgical Gastroenterology, Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital, Chennai from January 2012 to December 2014. All patients who have completed at least 48 months after surgery were followed up and their long-term postoperative quality of life were analyzed.Results: Totally 48 patients underwent Frey’s procedure during this period. Eight patients lost follow up. Preoperatively all patients had pain score above six in numerical rating scale but after surgery only two patients in the long term required stronger opioids for pain relief. Exocrine deficiency was present in 24 (60%) patients preoperatively, out of which seven patients showed improvement, eight patients had worsened exocrine deficiency and weight loss. Post operatively there were six patients who developed exocrine deficiency. Endocrine deficiency was seen in 23 (57.5%) patients preoperatively and during follow up none showed improvement, with two (5%) patients developed endocrine deficiency. Seven patients showed worsened endocrine deficiency as documented by increasing insulin requirement. Quality of life analysis using SF 36 showed poor quality of life in patients with worsened exocrine deficiency.Conclusions: Frey’s procedure although in long term showed improved outcome in terms of pain free survival and overall quality of life, exocrine and endocrine deficiency persisted in most and worsened in some patients.
Study of morphine with ropivacaine and ropivacaine alone for caudal epidural analgesia in children
Authors: Sailo Saidingpuii , Zodinpuia Micky , P. Naveen
Published: February 2020

Background: Caudal epidural analgesia is one of the most popular and commonly performed regional blocks in pediatric anesthesia. It is reliable and safe technique that can be used with general anesthesia for intraoperative and postoperative analgesia. The aim of this research is to study the effect of morphine (15 µg/kg) with ropivacaine (0.2%) and ropivacaine (0.2%) alone through caudal epidural route on duration of analgesia in children.Methods: The study was performed on 60 ASA grade I and II patients, aged 1 to 7 years scheduled for elective infraumbilical surgeries. After induction of general anesthesia, caudal epidural block was performed. Each group consisted of 30 pediatric patients: group I-caudal epidural 0.2% ropivacaine (1 ml/kg) and group II- caudal epidural 0.2% ropivacaine (1 ml/kg) with morphine 15 µg/kg. Intra-operatively heart rate, blood pressure was recorded at pre-induction, immediately after induction, 5 minutes after administration of caudal block and thereafter every 10 minutes till the completion of surgery. Postoperative heart rate, blood pressure, pain score was assessed periodically till 24th hour.Results: The duration of analgesia was more in group II (7.30±1.78 hour) in comparison to group I (3.93±0.83 hour). The fall in mean arterial pressure and heart rate were not significant in group II as compared to group I.Conclusions: Addition of low dose morphine to ropivacaine resulted in prolonging the duration of analgesia by almost double the duration as compared to ropivacaine alone.
Role of nano-collagen particles dressing in the management of chronic ulcer: a prospective non-randomized trial on 100 cases
Authors: Kochar Mahinder Pal , Singh Satyendra Pal
Published: February 2020

Background: Collagen has unique property of adhere to the ulcer floor thus reduces plasma oozing, bacterial colonization, pain and ulcer size which boost the process of granulation and epithelialization thus healing.Methods: In this prospective, non-randomized study 100 patients of different age and sex having chronic ulcer situated on various parts of the body were taken. Nano collagen particles preparation “collofibre” of TNC health care was used.Results: Most of the patients fall in their most productive life (3rd and 4th decade), restricted mobility due to pain. Thus anaemia, diabetes, old age, debility, bed ridden situations, other associated injuries and certain medical conditions contribute to delay in ulcer healing and hospital stay. Bacterial contamination, presence of necrotic tissue and slough delay the healing process. 73% of patients complain of itching and burning sensation after application otherwise no major side effect detected.Conclusions: Use of nano collagen particles dressing accelerate the healing process in chronic ulcers.
A comparative study of collagen granules vs conventional dressing in the management of chronic ulcer
Authors: Jegoda Rajesh K.
Published: February 2020

Background: A chronic wound is a wound that does not heal in an orderly set of stages and in a predictable amount of time the way most wounds do; wounds that do not heal within three months are often considered chronic. Aim of this study the efficacy of topical use of collagen granules in wound healing.Methods: In this prospective study, a total of 60 patients were divided into two groups, according to type of dressing i.e. for group A patients collagen granules were used and for group B patients normal saline dressing was used. Collagen granules used for this study was Medfil II.Results: The Mean ulcer size at day 1 in group A was 16.29 cm2 with a SD of 6.07cm2. In Group B, the mean ulcer size at day 1 was 14.73 cm2 with a SD of 6.37 cm2. The Z value is 0.93 and p value is >0.5. This is comparable but statistically not relevant.Conclusions: The use of Collagen Granules dressing accelerated the rate of wound healing in chronic ulcers In this study authors found that the rate of wound healing was significantly better in using Collagen Granules but after 2 weeks.
Spigelian hernia case report and review of literature
Authors: Slaiki Saad , Hamdane Amine , El Bouhaddouti Hicham , Ousadden Abdelmalek , Taleb Khalid Ait , Benjelloun El Bachir
Published: February 2020

Spigelian hernia is rare and accounts for less than 0.1% of abdominal wall hernias. It is often diagnosed at the complication stage. Authors report the case of a 48-year-old obese patient who had a painful swelling of the right iliac fossa. Morphological examination data were in favour of a strangled spigelian hernia and surgical exploration had shown a hernial sac with epiploic contents with a narrow collar. It was performed a resection of the retracted epiploon with simple raphy. The postoperative course was uneventful. Diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties are discussed through a literature review.
Lymphocytic colitis presenting as intestinal obstruction: a rare case report
Authors: Udapudi Deepak G. , Mahendran Keerthen , Sandeep Seeramreddi
Published: February 2020

Lymphocytic colitis is a rare syndrome of watery diarrhoea, normal colonoscopy findings and mucosal inflammation. The patient does not present with bloody diarrhoea as there is no mucosal ulceration. A 30-year-old male presented with complaints of pain abdomen for 6 months. Ultrasound showed oedematous ileo-cecal junction with ileocolic lymphadenopathy which was managed with antibiotics. He presented again with symptoms of intestinal obstruction in the following month. On laparotomy, there was ileo-cecal thickening for which right hemicolectomy was done. The biopsy report came as lymphocytic colitis. This is a very rare presentation for a case of lymphocytic colitis.
T cell/histiocyte rich large B cell lymphoma of ascending colon: a rare entity
Authors: Agrawal Vinita , Bhargav Mithlesh , Sharma Supriya , Gopal Vaibhav Raj
Published: February 2020

Colonic T cell/histiocyte rich large B cell lymphoma (THRLBCL) is a very unusual occurrence never described before. A 41-year anaemic male presented with loss of weight and appetite for 7 months and fever with Malena for 1 month. Abdominal examination revealed a 4×6 cm retroperitoneal lump in the right iliac fossa. Radiological investigations (USG and CECT whole abdomen) reported an asymmetrical ill-defined growth in ascending colon and caecum with loco-regional lymphadenopathy. Surgical exploration revealed an ascending colon mass with retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy. Right hemi-colectomy with end ileostomy was done and specimen was sent for histopathology which diagnosed it to be a case of THRLBCL of colon. Patient was followed up after 2 weeks and was planned for chemotherapy.
Always, better control-vital, essential and non-essential matrix analysis of pharmaceuticals inventory management at selected public health facilities of Jimma zone southwest Ethiopia: facility based cross sectional study design
Authors: Woldeyohanins Alem Endeshaw , Jemal Awol
Published: February 2020

Background: Always, better control (ABC)-vital, essential and non-essential (VEN) matrix analysis has a key role in assisting decisions making in medicine selection, purchasing and inventory management and hence help in reducing cost, identifying medicine use problems and improve efficiency in the pharmaceutical supply system. Studies on analysis of pharmaceuticals expenditures throughout the country were very limited, in Jimma zone no studies found yet. The objective of the study was, therefore, to analyze pharmaceuticals based on cost and criticality aspects and identify those which require stringent managerial control at selected public health facilities of Jimma zone Southwest Ethiopia.   

Methods: Health facility-based, cross-sectional, study design using a quantitative method in which ABC, VEN and ABC-VEN matrix analysis techniques were utilized to analyse pharmaceutical inventory management system at selected public health facilities of Jimma zone.    

Results: The ABC analysis shows that class A items accounted for 53 (15.3%), whereas class B and C items accounted for 72 (20.8%) and 221 (63.8%) number of items at selected public health facilities of Jimma zone. VEN analysis showed that 132 items (59.7%) were categorized as vital and consumes 61.4% ($248,372) of the annual pharmaceuticals expenditures (APE). Whereas, 55 items (24.8%) and 34 items (15.3%) were categorized under essential and less/non-essential with a total APE of 31.1% ($126,020) and 7.4% ($30,008) respectively.  From ABC-VEN matrix analysis, the majority of items were category I pharmaceuticals.

Conclusions: Majority of items at a selected public health facility were category I and most of the category I pharmaceuticals, in turn, were Class A and V items which require great attention for their control and availability.  
Prevalence of ear, nose and throat disorders in children at government district hospital Vizianagaram
Authors: Raju M. Rama Krishnam , Fareeduddin M.
Published: February 2020

Background: Ear, nose and throat (ENT) problems are very common among the children, there is a lack of data on paediatric otorhinolaryngology from various Indian populations. This study was conducted to determine the hospital based prevalence of ENT disorders in paediatric population.

Methods: A record based, retrospective study conducted at government district Hospital, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India. 1818 children between the ages of 0-15, attending the ENT department in our hospital were included in the study. General demographic details taken, and examination for common ENT complaints and disorders was taken for all patients. Otoscopy for ear examination for ear perforation and ear discharges. Anterior rhinoscopy for nasal discharge and airway obstruction. Throat examination was performed for any sign of tonsillitis or pharyngitis and adenoids.  

Results: ENT diseases in our study population were found to be more common among male children (57.97%). Majority of the paediatric patients belonged to age group 5-14 years (65.7%), were from lower socioeconomic status (57.53%), living in nuclear family (62.81%) and had illiterate mothers (68.5%). Diseases of ear system (44%) were the most common group of ENT problems among the paediatric population, followed by nasal (30.9%) and throat (25.1%) disorders. The most common ENT disorders were otitis media (22.1%), tonsillitis (11.66%).

Conclusions: Our study provides basic information of the prevalent disorders in ENT in our area suggests that otitis media, tonsillitis and rhinitis are the most common otorhinolaryngological problems in paediatric population visiting the ENT Department of this hospital and contribute significantly to paediatric morbidity.
Surgical outcome comparison between endoscopic septoplasty and conventional septoplasty among patients with nasal septal deviation
Authors: Sharath Babu K. , Shankar R.
Published: February 2020

Background: When compared with standard head light technique, endoscopic septoplasty provides important advantages which include adequate visualization, room for instrumentation during functional endoscopic sinus surgery, access to para nasal sinuses and for other surgeries like trans-septal approach to the sphenoid sinus, visualization and stoppage of post-nasal bleeds. The aim of the study was to assess and compare the surgical outcome between endoscopic septoplasty and conventional septoplasty techniques in terms of anatomical correction and its complications.

Methods: A prospective clinical study was conducted on hundred patients with nasal obstruction. Group A patients (n=50) underwent conventional septoplasty and group B (n=50) patients were operated by endoscopic septoplasty technique. Patients were subjected to diagnostic nasal endoscopy examination before and after surgery. Post-operative complications like trauma to lateral wall of nose, injury to cribriform plate, post-operative epistaxis, post-operative septal hematoma and septal abscess if occurred were noted.  

Results: Post-operatively diagnostic nasal endoscopy results show that there was a statistically significant improvement in endoscopic septoplasty group compared to conventional septoplasty and similarly the mean nasal obstruction symptom evaluation score. The most common post-operative complications which were occurred are synechiae and septal perforation and both these complications were more common among the conventional septoplasty group and the difference was found to be statistically significant.

Conclusions: The study showed a better surgical outcome with a lesser complication among the endoscopic septoplasty as compared to conventional septoplasty. The only disadvantage of using endoscopic septoplasty was of binocular vision and repeated cleaning of the endoscope.