bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NeuroClick: Advanced Software for Designing Blood−Brain Barrier‐Permeable Drugs Using Click Reaction Simulations
Authors: Isakova Anastasiia M. , Skorb Ekaterina V. , Shityakov Sergey
Published: November 2024

NeuroClick is a software tool designed for the in silico execution of azide‐alkyne cycloaddition reactions, commonly known as click reactions. We developed this graphical user interface application to expedite the drug discovery process by generating libraries of 1,2,3‐triazole compounds. NeuroClick enables users to input reagent SMILES strings, rapidly generating and screening extensive combinatorial libraries at a pace of 10,000 molecules per minute. The software applies stringent criteria to ensure the relevance and accuracy of the generated compounds, excluding molecules without azide groups or those with multiple reactive functional groups to maintain dataset integrity. NeuroClick incorporates advanced filtering options based on Lipinski's rule of five and blood–brain barrier (BBB) permeability predictors, allowing researchers to identify drug‐like molecules with potential central nervous system activity. The software's high‐throughput and user‐friendly interface significantly enhance the efficiency of early‐stage drug development by facilitating the exploration of vast chemical spaces and identifying promising lead compounds for further development. This article provides comprehensive guidance on the installation, usage, and features of NeuroClick, ensuring that users can leverage its full potential in their research endeavors. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.

Basic Protocol: NeuroClick workflow for generating BBB‐permeating drugs
Evaluation of grain dormancy under field conditions in a wheat (Triticum aestivum) qsd1 triple mutant
Authors: Kishi‐Kaboshi Mitsuko , Abe Fumitaka , Chono Makiko , Yamaji Nami , Sato Kazuhiro
Published: November 2024

Genome editing is a powerful tool for improving the agronomic traits of polyploid crops such as wheat (Triticum aestivum) by simultaneously generating mutations in multiple homoeologs. However, improvements in cultivars that are amenable to transformation (and thus genome editing) must be tested in region‐specific cultivars under field conditions. Grain dormancy helps ensure the appropriate timing of germination and strong dormancy helps prevent preharvest sprouting. We previously introduced mutations in all three homoeologs of quantitative trait locus for seed dormancy1 (Qsd1) in the wheat cultivar Fielder using genome editing and showed that this triple qsd1 mutant had strengthened grain dormancy under laboratory conditions. In this study, we introduced the triple qsd1 mutation into two Japanese cultivars, Tamaizumi and Tamaizumi R, by recurrent backcrossing. As in Fielder, the triple qsd1 mutation also altered grain dormancy in the Tamaizumi and Tamaizumi R genetic backgrounds under laboratory conditions. To evaluate the mutation's effect on grain dormancy in the field, we conducted field trials in two areas in Japan and assessed the dormancy of the harvested grains. This is the first report of field trials of genome‐edited wheat in Japan. Our findings demonstrate the importance of such trials for evaluating grain dormancy, which is influenced by environmental conditions.
Localization in WSN‐Assisted IoT Networks Using Machine Learning Techniques for Smart Agriculture
Authors: Singh Hina , Yadav Preeti , Rishiwal Vinay , Yadav Mano , Tanwar Sudeep , Singh Omkar
Published: November 2024

It has been observed that the agriculture sector has picked exponential growth with the help of the integration of advanced technology like wireless sensor networks (WSNs), the Internet of Things (IoT), and machine learning (ML). They have not only created new opportunities but also boosted the efficiency and productivity in the sector. Out of so many significant hurdles, accurately pinpointing the positions of the sensor nodes and agricultural assets like crops, livestock, and machinery within the field is one major challenge. Merging ML with a WSN‐assisted IoT (WIoT) network has offered a promising solution to overcome the localization challenge for smart agriculture. This integration will greatly benefit agricultural practices, such as precision agriculture, fast decision‐making, accurate positioning of sensor nodes, monitoring, and managing real‐time data effectively. This paper comprehensively discusses state‐of‐the‐art techniques and methodologies employed in localization within WIoT networks for smart agriculture. It explores various ML algorithms, which include reinforcement learning, supervised learning, and unsupervised learning, to perform the localization activity precisely. Moreover, it explores how fusion technologies like WSN, IoT, ML, and sensors will enhance localization accuracy and reliability in various agriculture activities. Additionally, the paper discusses the application of localization in the agriculture sector, such as crop monitoring, livestock management, precision agriculture, environmental conditions, and crop monitoring. It also discusses the challenges and obstacles in the path domain of various evaluation parameters like energy efficiency, scalability, and robustness, along with research and societal implications. Overall, the paper provides valuable guidance and outlines potential directions for future research in ML‐driven localization in WIoT for smart agriculture, offering a clear roadmap for researchers.
An Innovative Method for Improving the Performance of UAV‐SM‐NOMA for 6G Networks Over Generalized Fading Channels
Authors: Neelam Mounika , Sundru Anuradha
Published: November 2024

The emergence of 6G wireless communications has brought numerous challenges and opportunities for meeting the growing demands of enhanced system capacity, higher data rates, lower latency, improved security, and stringent quality of service (QoS) requirements. One promising solution to tackle these challenges involves utilizing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in conjunction with nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and spatial modulation (SM). However, optimizing the performance of UAV‐based SM‐NOMA systems for both perfect and imperfect channel state information (CSI) over generalized fading channels (α–μ, k–μ and η–μ) while simultaneously considering multiple objectives is a complex task. To address these challenges, this paper proposes integrating the monarch butterfly optimization algorithm (MBOA) into UAV‐SM‐NOMA systems for 6G networks. Inspired by the foraging behavior of monarch butterflies, the MBOA aims to enhance UAV‐based SM‐NOMA systems' performance by optimizing resource allocation, increasing system sum rate, reducing outage probability (OP) and bit error rate (BER), improving spectrum efficiency (SE), and ensuring desirable signal‐to‐interference‐plus‐noise ratio (SINR) levels. Key findings include that the MBOA effectively improves performance metrics across generalized fading channels compared to existing UAV‐assisted NOMA and orthogonal multiple access (OMA) models. Simulation results confirm that the proposed UAV‐assisted SM‐NOMA model with MBOA significantly outperforms conventional approaches, demonstrating superior capacity, reliability, and efficiency in 6G network scenarios.
Hydrologically sensitive carbonates: Tectonic and groundwater controls on synrift sedimentation in the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous of the western Cameros Basin, Northern Spain
Authors: Platt Nigel H. , Wright V. Paul
Published: November 2024

Basin hydrology and subcrop are key controls on carbonate sedimentation in continental basins. Hydrologically sensitive carbonates can record groundwater fluctuations within an aquifer in deep time. Late Jurassic extension, footwall uplift, erosion and karstification of marine Jurassic carbonates in the western Cameros Basin (Spain) saw deposition of ?Upper Kimmeridgian‐Tithonian syntectonic alluvial fan deposits (Señora de Brezales Formation). Biogenic laminar calcretes and phreatophytic rhizocretions record roots exploiting capillary fringe groundwater. Progressive infill of rift topography and footwall erosion lowered sedimentary gradients and clastic supply during deposition of the ?Tithonian–Berriasian Rupelo Formation. Distal alluvial marls (Las Viñas Member) contain charophytes, with 2 m thick carbonate lenses at the top reflecting intermittent rise of groundwater in ponds on the basin floor. Stacked palustrine limestones with rare charophytes and laminar calcretes (Ladera Member) record overstep of seasonal carbonate wetlands onto basin margins and footwall highs with intense pedogenetic modification during lengthy seasonal exposure. Overlying Berriasian charophyte‐ostracod wackestones, displaying microkarst cavities and interbedded intraclastic conglomerates, with vivianite sauropod bones, footprints and polygonal desiccation cracks at the top (Mambrillas de Lara Member) record open lacustrine conditions with limited subaerial exposure and high water tables. Desiccation‐cracked limestones and marls with correlatable evaporite horizons (Rio Cabrera Member) contain marginal marine foraminifera and dasycladaceae at the top. Lagoonal conditions reflected transgression to seaward and intermittent marine connection via the Basco‐Cantabrian Basin. The distribution and thicknesses of hydrologically sensitive carbonates reflected onlap onto a faulted and karstified marine Jurassic carbonate pediment and the subtle influence on hydroperiod of fault (and potentially localised Triassic salt) controlled differential subsidence and transgressive groundwater rise. Hydrological facies evolution reflects progressive basin infilling and eustasy beyond. Transitions in this continental succession from clastic to carbonate facies and from closed to open hydrology record hydrological change over time rather than contemporaneous deposition under Walther's Law.
Managing Eating Disorders Within Medicaid‐Funded Health Care Systems in California
Authors: Accurso Erin C. , Ling Jennifer , Mu Karen J. , Bruton Noelle , Perez Marta , Wagner Ricki , Snyder Holly
Published: November 2024

Objective

This study describes the current management of patients with eating disorders (EDs) served by publicly–funded Medicaid behavioral health systems.

Method

Behavioral health leaders across nine counties in California met on a quarterly basis to share experiences, challenges, and lessons in the management of EDs within publicly–funded service systems. Detailed notes were taken, and a qualitative content analysis was undertaken to identify key themes.

Results

County leadership noted insufficient outpatient capacity and difficulty building capacity for ED treatment, in addition to extraordinary challenges when facilitating admission to out‐of‐network higher level of care programs, at significant expense. Several challenges were identified in building an internal ED workforce, including the fact that many providers weren't eager to treat EDs due to training burden, patient complexity, and high levels of clinician burnout. When a higher level of care was required due to lack of outpatient resources or patient symptom severity or complexity, leaders dedicated significant resources to identify and contract with an appropriate program and secure the necessary funds.

Discussion

Our study supports the need for specialized ED treatment and case management, as well as standardized processes and centralized resources, in Medicaid‐managed care. Findings also indicate the importance of protecting against clinician burnout, possibly through reduced caseload expectations, financial incentives, or increased support. Future policy change could reduce administrative burden and clinician burnout by facilitating admission to and reimbursement for higher levels of care.
Method of estimating sea‐surface paleotemperatures through biotic proxies: A case study in Upper Paleozoic paleoclimatic, paleogeographic and paleotectonic reconstructions of Siberia
Authors: Davydov Vladimir I. , Karasev Eugeny V. , Popova Elizaveta V. , Poletaev Vladislav I.
Published: November 2024

This study introduces a novel approach for quantitatively assessing sea‐surface paleotemperatures examined in the Upper Paleozoic of Siberia, utilizing the obtained in the region data as a case study of the use of this method. The method relies on evaluating the taxonomic composition and ecological proxies of biota. It utilizes a comprehensive dataset encompassing the geographic distribution and ecology of various biotic groups in Siberia and adjacent regions, leveraging the newly developed by the authors large PaleoSib database and partially the Paleobiology Database (paleobiology.org) The taxonomy has been used according to the database of Global Biodiversity Information Facility (gbif.org). Fossils collected from individual locations often exhibit a wide spectrum of paleotemperatures. To address this variability, we developed an algorithm for calculating average biotic paleotemperatures in each locality/time slice. Our computations of the available data have unveiled a coherent pattern of paleoclimate dynamics, particularly Sea Surface Temperature, across Siberian basins and surrounding areas during the Late Paleozoic era. These findings significantly contribute to a refined comprehension of paleoclimate and paleotectonic dynamics in the region during that specific time. To enhance paleotemperature analyses, we have integrated lithological indices with biotic ones, fortifying the overall methodology and furnishing a more robust framework for interpreting paleoclimate data. The method could be a helpful tool in regional and interregional studies, regardless of the utilized rock's age and fossil groups.
Tuning Flame Spray Pyrolysis for Variation of the Crystallite Size in Cu/ZnO/ZrO2 and its Influence on the Performance in CO2‐to‐Methanol Synthesis
Authors: Schulte Mariam L. , Catharina Sender V. , Baumgarten Lorena , Beck Arik , Nilayam Ajai R. Lakshmi , Saraçi Erisa , Grunwaldt Jan‐Dierk
Published: November 2024

CO2 hydrogenation to methanol (MeOH) is a key transformation in the Power‐to‐liquid concept, which aims to store energy in chemical energy carriers and chemicals. Cu/ZnO/ZrO2 (CZZ) shows great promise due to its enhanced stability in the presence of water, a critical by‐product when utilizing CO2‐based feedstocks. The structure‐sensitivity of this reaction, especially for particle sizes below 10 nm and in three‐component systems, remains highly debated. Herein, we systematically prepared a series of CZZ catalysts by flame spray pyrolysis (FSP) to vary the crystallite size and to study its effect on methanol synthesis in this three‐component system. FSP enabled us to maintain a fixed Cu/Zn/Zr ratio close to the commercial composition (61/29/10 atomic ratio), while varying the precursor feed rate. This resulted in variation in the crystallinity. The characterization by X‐ray diffraction and electron microscopy revealed an increase in crystallite size with rising feed rate for Cu and t‐ZrO2, whereas ZnO remained mostly unaffected. The testing of the materials in methanol synthesis uncovered an increase in performance, higher space time yield and MeOH selectivity, with decreasing crystallite size for two (Cu, t‐ZrO2) of its three components. The increased selectivity with smaller sizes might be attributed to an increase in interfacial sites.
Study on temperature evolution law of coal containing gas under uniaxial loading process with different loading rates
Authors: Cao Yaolin , Hao Jianfeng , Sun Weiji , Su Weiwei , Tian Fuchao
Published: November 2024

In order to investigate the evolution law of coal temperature during the gestation process of coal and gas outburst, laboratory experiments and numerical simulation approaches were employed. Infrared thermal radiation experiments on the surface of outburst coal during uniaxial loading and failure of coal were conducted. A coal and gas thermal‐hydromechanical coupling model considering the endothermic effect of desorption was established. Numerical simulation of uniaxial loading of gas‐containing coal was implemented to study the influences of deformation energy, frictional heat, and adsorption/desorption endothermic effects on coal temperature. The results indicate that the temperature of coal samples during the uniaxial loading and failure process generally exhibits a stepwise temperature increase. In the initial stage, the elastic thermal effect leads to a slow and fluctuating rise in the temperature of coal samples. During the yield and plastic deformation stages, frictional heat causes a rapid increase in the temperature of coal samples. With the increase of the loading rate, the increment of the temperature of coal samples gradually decreases and reaches the peak when the loading stress is 70% of the peak stress. According to the numerical calculation results, with the increase of the loading rate, the temperature reduction caused by gas desorption relatively decreases. By comparing the experimental results and numerical simulation results, it is found that the temperature reduction caused by desorption is greater than the temperature increments caused by deformation energy and frictional heat. The desorption endothermic effect and frictional heat effect are the dominant factors controlling the temperature variation of coal during the gestation process of outburst. The research achievements have significant theoretical significance and practical value for revealing the temperature evolution mechanism during the gestation process of coal and gas outburst, predicting coal and gas outburst, and protecting the atmospheric environment.
Multi‐aspect assessment and multi‐objective optimization of preheated tallow biodiesel‐diesel blend as alternate fuel in CI engine
Authors: Kumar Saket , Yadav Prem Shanker , Kumar Manish , Gautam Raghvendra
Published: November 2024

This study meticulously examined the impact of preheated tallow biodiesel on the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine. Employing a single‐cylinder, water‐cooled diesel engine configured with exhaust gas recirculation in this investigation, exhaust gas temperature (EGT) could be used to preheat the biodiesel, reducing its viscosity and density. This improvement in viscosity and density could enhance the injection process, which is often hindered by the higher density and viscosity of biodiesel compared with diesel fuel. The investigation achieved a peak preheat temperature of 70°C for the biodiesel, leading to notable improvements in brake thermal efficiency and brake power, particularly under high‐load conditions. A significant reduction in emissions was observed, with hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide levels decreasing by 46.87% and 50%, respectively, when using preheated biodiesel. To refine the engine's performance further, this study utilized response surface methodology (RSM) for the optimization of operational parameters, including injection timing, engine load, and biodiesel preheat temperatures. Optimal conditions were identified at an injection timing of 21° before top dead centre, a preheat temperature of 64°C, and an engine load of 45.45% for which output response was 18.68% brake thermal efficiency, 307°C EGT, 0.0247% vol. CO, 15.32 ppm hydrocarbons, and 131.37 ppm nitrogen oxides (NOx). The successful implementation of preheated tallow biodiesel signifies a crucial step forward in the pursuit of a more sustainable and efficient transportation industry. This advancement holds the promise of reducing reliance on traditional fossil fuels, thereby contributing to the global efforts towards achieving a more environmentally friendly energy landscape.
Energy Efficiency and Economic Survivance Appraisal of a 375 kWp Rooftop Solar PV System Under Hot and Dry Indian Climate
Authors: Poonia Surendra , Santra Priyabrata , Singh A. K. , Singh Digvijay , Kumar Mahesh
Published: November 2024

India's rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV) installations are experiencing rapid growth due to favorable regulations. As climate change becomes a growing concern, researchers are turning their attention to the effects of weather patterns on the performance of rooftop solar panels, and also to optimize their efficiency in a changing environment. Consequently, industry players in the solar sector have been conducting performance validation and feasibility assessments of these plants. A 375 kWp rooftop PV plant is studied as a case example from April 1, 2022 to March 31, 2023, generating 543,666 kWh annually for the grid. The NMBE and MBE were assessed using simulation tools like PVGIS and PV Watts. In addition, a cost–benefit analysis of carbon credits was conducted with and without their inclusion. The energy payback time is calculated at 4.5 years post‐inclusion. Over a 25‐year lifespan, the embodied energy of the PV plant amounts to 2,552,265 kWh. This plant can mitigate CO2 emissions annually by 10,173.57 tons which is equivalent to INR 5,464,925. The current study highlights both environmental and economic benefits by incorporating carbon credits into the project. Further advancement in simulation tools, PV technologies, climate change adaptations are expected which will improve the rooftop system efficiency with shorten pay pabck periods and maximum reductions in CO2 emissions.
Wavelet Phase Coherence Analysis of Oxyhemoglobin and DeoxyHemoglobin Oscillations to Investigate the Relationship Between Cups of Cupping Therapy
Authors: Huang Liwan , Mo Pu‐Chun , Samadi Mansoureh , Shen Wei‐Cheng , Yu Hongjun , Hernandez Manuel , Jan Yih‐Kuen
Published: November 2024

Research has not demonstrated whether multiple cups of negative pressure cupping therapy would induce interactions of hemodynamic responses between different areas. A multichannel near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to assess oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin oscillations in response to cupping therapy. Wavelet transform and wavelet phase (WPC) coherence were used to quantify NIRS signals. Three levels of negative pressure (−75, −225, and −300 mmHg) were applied to the gastrocnemius in 12 healthy adults. Oxyhemoglobin coherence between the two inside‐cup areas was higher at −75 mmHg compared to −300 mmHg in both metabolic (WPC = 0.80 ± 0.11 vs. 0.73 ± 0.13) and neurogenic (WPC = 0.70 ± 0.11 vs. 0.60 ± 0.17) controls. Deoxyhemoglobin coherence was also higher at −75 mmHg compared to −300 mmHg in both metabolic (WPC = 0.78 ± 0.11 vs. 0.66 ± 0.14) and neurogenic (WPC = 0.67 ± 0.11 vs. 0.58 ± 0.13) controls. Our study provides first evidence on the interaction of hemodynamic responses between the two cups of cupping therapy using WPC analysis of NIRS signals.
Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of Highly Porous CeO2‐Doped Zr Nanoparticles for Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Arularasu M. V. , Rajendran T. V. , Arkook Bassim , Harb Moussab , Kaviyarasu K.
Published: November 2024

The aim of this work was to develop an ultrasonic‐assisted synthesis method for the fabrication of CeO2‐doped Zr nanoparticles that would improve the performance of supercapacitor electrodes. This method, which eliminates the need for high‐temperature calcination, involves embedding CeO2 into Zr nanoparticles through 1 hr (CeO2‐Zr‐1) and 2 hrs (CeO2‐Zr‐2) of ultrasonic irradiation, resulting in the formation of nanostructures with significant improvements in their electrochemical properties. Through physicochemical analysis, we observed that the CeO2‐doped Zr nanoparticles, particularly those treated for 2 hrs (CeO2‐Zr‐2), exhibit superior crystalline phase purity, optimal chemical surface composition, minimal agglomeration with particle sizes below 50 nm, and an impressive average surface area of 178 m2/g. Compared to the 1 hr irradiation samples (CeO2‐Zr‐1) and undoped CeO2 nanoparticles, the (CeO2‐Zr‐2) electrodes demonstrated a remarkable capacitance of 198 Fg−1 at a current density of 1 A/g while maintaining ~94.9% of their capacity after 3750 cycles. This indicates not only good reversibility but also exceptional stability. In (CeO2‐Zr‐2) samples, the nanospherical structure achieved through ultrasonic synthesis is responsible for the enhanced capacitive behavior and stability, along with the synergistic effects caused by Zr doping, which improves the CeO2 nanoparticle conductivity to a significant extent. Surface areas of the electrodes are larger due to the combination of these two materials, which contribute to their superior performance.
Changes in Epidemics of Respiratory Viral Infections Resulted From the COVID‐19 Pandemic in Shanghai
Authors: Ye Chuchu , Tian Yao , Huo Dazhu , Zhang Ting , Zhang Li , Zhao Bing , Shen Yifeng , Jiang Xinli , Hu Xuancheng , Zhang Haiyang , Hao Lipeng , Li Zhongjie , Fang Li‐Qun
Published: November 2024

To investigate the changing patterns of respiratory viral infections within the context of COVID‐19 pandemic. The etiological surveillance data of eight respiratory viral pathogens among patients with ARIs in Shanghai between 2013 and 2023 were analyzed to evaluate the dynamic patterns of respiratory viral infections in Shanghai compared to global other regions during pre‐pandemic (period 1), pandemic (period 2), and post‐pandemic (period 3) periods of COVID‐19. In Shanghai and various other global regions, there was a delay of 2‒4 months in the peak positive rate of IFV and a reverse seasonality for RSV, HMPV, and HBoV was observed following the relaxation of NPIs. The proportion of patients infected with any of these eight viruses experiencing fever or high fever notably increased. During the entire study period, IFV was consistently identified as the most prevalent virus, with IFV‐B as the predominant stain during period 2, and IFV‐A regained its dominance following the lifting of NPIs. The proportion of RSV among children significantly increased during period 2 compared to period 1. With the relaxation of NPIs, there has been a resurgence of certain viral pathogens, accompanied by notable alterations in seasonal patterns and the spectrum of viral pathogens.
Modulation of Hypothalamic Dopamine Neuron Activity by Interaction Between Caloric State and Amphetamine in Zebrafish Larvae
Authors: Bansal Pushkar , Roitman Mitchell F. , Jung Erica E.
Published: November 2024

Dopamine (DA) signaling is evoked by both food and drugs that humans come to abuse. Moreover, physiological state (e.g., hunger versus satiety) can modulate the response. However, there is great heterogeneity among DA neurons. Limited studies have been performed that could resolve the interaction between physiological state and drug responsivity across groups of DA neurons. Here, we measured the activity of neurons in transgenic Tg (th2:GCaMP7s) zebrafish larva that expresses a calcium indicator (GCaMP7s) in A11 (posterior tuberculum) and a part of A14 (caudal hypothalamus and intermediate hypothalamus) DA populations located in the hypothalamus of the larval zebrafish. Fish were recorded in one of two physiological states: ad‐libitum fed (AL) and food deprived (FD) and before and after acute exposure to different doses of the stimulant drug amphetamine (0, 0.7, and 1.5 μM). We quantified fluorescence change, activity duration, peak rise/fall time, and latency in the calcium spikes of the DA neurons. Our results show that baseline DA neuron activity amplitude, spike duration, and correlation between inter‐ and intra‐DA neurons were higher in the FD than in the AL state. Dose‐dependent AMPH treatment further increased the intensity of these parameters in the neuron spikes but only in the FD state. The DA activity correlation relatively increased in AL state post‐AMPH treatment. Given that hunger increases drug reactivity and the probability of relapse to drug seeking, the results support populations of DA neurons as potential critical mediators of the interaction between physiological state and drug reinforcement.
Investigation on the Retention and Separation of Glucosinolates With a Mixed‐Mode Reversed‐Phase/Weak Anion‐Exchange Column
Authors: Li Yanfang , Chen Pei , Zhang Mengliang , Sun Jianghao
Published: November 2024

Glucosinolates, a crucial group of secondary metabolites in Brassica vegetables, present significant chromatographic separation challenges due to their anionic form, structure diversities, and co‐existence of other phenolic compounds. This study comparatively investigated the retention and separation of seven glucosinolates using a mixed‐mode reversed‐phase/weak anion‐exchange column and a conventional reversed‐phase C18 column. Separation factors for each glucosinolate with its adjacent peaks were over 1.0 on the mixed‐mode column, while co‐eluting was observed on the C18 column. The effects of mobile phase additives and pH on the separation and retention of glucosinolates were also investigated. Results showed that glucosinolate retention was inversely related to both buffer concentration and pH. The optimized method for the mix‐mode column was applied to the complex Brassica vegetable samples. In addition to the 17 well‐resolved glucosinolate peaks, 34 peaks for phenolic compounds were identified in broccoli microgreen, suggesting the successful application scenarios for qualitative analysis in comparison with the single mode reverse phase C18 column. This study demonstrates that the mixed‐mode reversed‐phase/weak anion‐exchange column can be used as a promising separation tool for organic anions in a complex sample matrix.
A Programming Algorithm for Optimizing Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulator Respiratory Entrainment
Authors: Kent David T. , Budnick Holly A. , Green Katherine K. , Huyett Phillip , Schell Amy E. , Suurna Maria V.
Published: November 2024

Hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) is a surgical treatment for obstructive sleep apnea that activates in a phasic manner. The most widely available HNS device has respiratory entrainment programming settings that are not widely utilized. We present an algorithm for office‐based respiratory sensing adjustments to optimize HNS respiratory entrainment. Laryngoscope, 2024
Special issues: The roles of special issues in scholarly communication in a changing publishing landscape
Authors: Gleasner Robyn M. , Sood Akshay
Published: November 2024

This paper aims to enhance the understanding of the role of special issues in the evolving landscape of academic publishing, offering insights for publishers, editors, guest editors, and researchers, including how new technologies influence transparency in publishing processes, open access models, and metrics for success. Based upon original analysis, the paper also discusses the importance of special issues and opportunities to support diversity, equity, and inclusivity in special issue publishing programmes. The goal is to contribute to the discussion of maintaining research integrity through special issues, acknowledging their significance in scholarly communication, while offering suggestions for the future.
The Role of Functionalized CuO Additive in Enhancing Tribological Performance of Plastic Oil Lubricant
Authors: Sikdar Soumya , Menezes Pradeep L.
Published: November 2024

The study investigated the potential of waste plastic oil (PO) as an alternative to petroleum‐based lubricants, specifically mineral oil. The rheological properties, dispersion stability, friction, and wear performance of PO were examined and compared with mineral oil. Results showed that PO demonstrated similar lubrication performance to mineral oil. To enhance the lubrication performance of PO, the study incorporated various concentrations of nano CuO solid lubricant additives, resulting in the formation of CuO nano lubricants. These lubricants showed an improvement in friction and wear by 20% and 44% compared with PO. Furthermore, the CuO solid lubricant additives were functionalized and incorporated in the same concentrations into PO, resulting in the formation of functionalized nano lubricants, which further lowered the friction and wear by 28% and 91% compared with PO. The novelty of the paper is that a simple chemical functionalization process that not only helped in improving its dispersion stability of additives in the PO, but also enhanced the wear performance. The mechanisms behind the enhancement of friction and wear performance were discussed. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that incorporating functionalized nano additives in PO improve friction and wear performance in mechanical components, promoting wider utilisation of PO.
CAF Specific Expression of Podoplanin May Be Dispensable for the Malignancy of Malignant Melanoma
Authors: Tauch Saskia , Kast Bettina , Lohr Sabrina , Kemm Lowis , Sator‐Schmitt Melanie , Gengenbacher Nicolas , Augustin Hellmut G. , Angel Peter
Published: November 2024

Within the tumor microenvironment (TME), cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) were shown to be an active and pivotal cell population, supporting many protumorigenic mechanisms. Podoplanin (PDPN)‐positive CAFs are of special interest since their abundance correlated with a worse prognosis for patients of different cancer entities, including malignant melanoma. In this study, we applied a loss‐of‐function approach in an in vivo mouse melanoma model to evaluate the contribution of CAF‐specific PDPN expression to melanoma formation and progression. Surprisingly, despite its prominent expression in CAFs deletion of PDPN in this cell type did neither affect the onset, nor growth of MM tumors. These data imply that PDPN expression in CAFs represents a biomarker for poor prognosis but does not serve as a useful target for stroma‐directed therapy of malignant melanoma.
An efficient numerical approach for solving three‐dimensional Black‐Scholes equation with stochastic volatility
Authors: Ngondiep Eric
Published: November 2024

This paper develops an efficient combined interpolation/finite element approach for solving a three‐dimensional Black‐Scholes problem with stochastic volatility. The technique consists to approximate the time derivative by interpolation whereas the space derivatives are approximated using the finite element method. Both stability and error estimates of the new algorithm are deeply analyzed in the
‐norm. The proposed method is explicit, unconditionally stable, temporal second‐order accurate and fourth‐order convergence in space. This result suggests that the constructed scheme is faster and more efficient than a broad range of numerical methods widely studied in the literature for the Black‐Scholes models. Some numerical experiments are carried out to confirm the theoretical analysis.
Levels of Asymmetric Dimethylar Ginine and Risk of Neurovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Dai Qinqin , Zhang Mengmeng , Guo Yuanli , Gao Yuan , Tang Qilan , Zhao Jiawei , Wang Aixia , Xu Yuming , Liu Kai
Published: November 2024

Scope

The purpose of this study was to provide clear evidence that reliably quantifies the association of Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels with the risk of neurovascular diseases.

Methods and results

The Pubmed, Web of Science, and Embase were systematically searched to identify eligible studies published until August 2024. A total of 31 eligible studies were identified. Pooled results indicated that patients with stroke yielded a higher ADMA level than healthy controls [standardized mean difference (SMD) = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.92–1.12, P = 0.001]. Subgroup analyses showed that geographical location, sample type, number of events and the proportion of male participants were statistically significant sources of heterogeneity. Similarly, a significant association with a pooled risk ratio (RR) of 1.60 (95% CI = 1.60–1.91) was shown between ADMA exposure and the risk of stroke from seven cohort studies. There was a statistically significant difference between ADMA level and small vessel disease (SVD) (SMD = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.07–0.58, p = 0.001). In addition, migraine patients tend to have elevated ADMA levels compared to healthy controls (SMD = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.11–0.67, P = 0.001).

Conclusions

Our results indicate that ADMA levels have significant effects in patients with stroke, SVD, and migraine.
A Dual‐Polarized Wide‐Angle Scanning Linear Phased Array Antenna With Simple Decoupling Structure
Authors: Li Qi‐Qiang , Yang Yao , Li Jian‐Ying , Zhou Shi‐Gang
Published: November 2024

A dual‐polarization linear phased array with a simple decoupling structure is designed for wide scanning in this letter. The suggested antenna is made up of two printed dipole antennas that are orthogonally arranged and have a high cross‐polarized isolation. Metal sheets cladding on antenna substrates serve as a decoupling structure, with an array element spacing of 0.48 . A linear phased array of seven elements is fabricated and measured to ensure that the planned array is feasible. The simulated and measured results demonstrate that the phased array can scan its main beam up to ±75° in dual‐polarized excitations at 5.6–6.4 GHz. The co‐polarized mutual coupling is below −28 dB, and the active reflection coefficient of the element is less than −15 dB.
Nurse‐Authored Patents and Their Influencing Factors Analysis Among Oncology Nurses Based on the Structural Equation Model
Authors: Yang Hong , Feng Zhichao , Li Wen , Lu Yuhan
Published: November 2024

Aims

This study analysed the status of nurse‐authored patents and their influencing factors. In particular, this study examined the effects of nurses' innovative behaviour and creative self‐efficacy on nurse‐authored patent output via structural equation modelling (SEM).

Design

A descriptive cross‐sectional study.

Methods

Nurses were recruited from one tertiary cancer hospital in Beijing, China. Among them, 352 oncology nurses completed the online versions of the Nurse Innovative Behavior Scale and Creative Self‐Efficacy Scale in 2023.

Results

We collected a total of 332 valid questionnaires. Fifty‐seven (17.2%) nurses had 1–3 patents, and only 6 (1.8%) had more than three patents. The final model revealed a chain reaction between creative self‐efficacy, innovation behaviour and nurse‐authored patent output (χ2 = 11.962, df = 7, p = 0.102). Significant differences were observed in the number of nurse‐authored patents and based on age, educational profile, professional title, length of service, position, participation in science and technology innovation training, and experience in project presentation (all p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Nurses still play a minor role in the field of medical technology innovation. It is necessary to promote innovative behaviour among nurses and improve their creative self‐efficacy in terms of innovation.

Impact

Developing intervention strategies to encourage nurses to pursue clinical innovations is crucial for nursing managers and technological innovation promoters.
Engaging Student Members in Professional Nursing Research Organizations – Some Things for Our Organization to Consider
Authors: Davis Sara L.
Published: November 2024

As I begin my role as the Director of Membership, I am committed to ensuring Southern Nursing Research Society (SNRS) continues to meet the needs of its members. To ensure organizational growth and vitality, it is important that we support our student members and advocate for their engagement in our organization. I'm sharing just a few ways we can help champion student engagement in SNRS. I hope you will join me in continuing to create a welcoming and inclusive environment for our student members to become the next leaders of SNRS.
Simple model to predict the intrinsic flexural modulus of abaca strands from crystallinity and microfibril angle
Authors: Seculi Faust , Espinach Francesc X. , Aguado Roberto J. , Mutjé Pere , Tarrés Quim
Published: November 2024

This study presents a novel equation that obtains the intrinsic flexural modulus of a natural fiber from its microfibril angle (MFA) and its crystalline cellulose content, once having estimated both parameters from X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The percentage of crystalline cellulose was estimated as the content of cellulose times the crystallinity index. Moreover, the MFA of abaca strands was obtained through an equation relating MFA with the strain at break of the strands and by XRD azimuthal integration, obtaining similar results. Fully bio‐based composites, consisting of biopolyethylene reinforced with of abaca strands at 20 to 50 wt% contents, were tested to assess the impact of the natural fibers on the flexural modulus of the composites. The intrinsic flexural modulus was also evaluated by using three micromechanics models (Hirsh equation, Halpin and Tsai equation, and its modification by Nielsen). The values obtained from the application of the new equation, the micromechanics methods, and the literature showed satisfactory agreement.

Highlights

Evaluation of the flexural modulus of abaca strand reinforced bio‐polyethylene composites.

Use of micromechanics models to obtain the intrinsic modulus of abaca strands.

Formula that correlates the intrinsic flexural modulus of abaca to its crystalline cellulose content and microfibril angle.
Efficient and Scalable Synthesis of CO2‐Based Polycarbonate Diols With Difunctional Initiator and Proton Exchange Agent
Authors: Yin Jingyao , Huang Xin , Zhao Tingting , Xiao Min , Han Dongmei , Huang Sheng , Wang Shuanjin , Meng Yuezhong
Published: November 2024

CO2‐based polycarbonate diols (PPCDLs) are important raw materials. PPCDLs with high carbonate linkage (up to 99%) were controllably synthesized in high efficiency from CO2 and propylene oxide (PO) by synchronously using tetrabutyl ammonium salt of succinic (ASA) as a difunctional initiator and 1,4‐butanediol (BDO) as a difunctional proton exchange agent (PEA) in the presence of triethyl borane (TEB). In this system, the difunctional initiator (ASA) with two carboxylic anions accelerates the polymer chain propagation process, and the difunctional PEA with two active protons facilitates the proton exchange process. The molecular weight and production efficiency of PPCDL can be finely tailored by varying the feed molar ratios of PO to ASA, TEB, and BDO. Upon optimizing this scalable process, the PPCDLs with molecular weights between 1000 and 3000 Da are produced in high yields with a reaction time of 8–12 h, which is much faster than the monofunctional initiator in the presence of BDO (typically 20–36 h) or consumes much less amount of TEB and initiator in the absence of BDO. The synthesized PPCDLs possess a high 1oOH content of the terminal hydroxyl groups and a high carbonate content. Thermoplastic poly(carbonate urethane)s (PCUs) are synthesized by copolymerization of the title PPCDLs, 4,4′‐dicyclichexylmethane diisocyanate (HMDI) and BDO. Due to their high transparency and excellent mechanical properties, PCUs have great potential in the polyurethane industry, such as coatings, adhesives, leather, and thermoplastics.
How Do Parents With Advanced Cancer Communicate With Their Children? A Systematic Review and Meta‐Synthesis of Qualitative Studies
Authors: Xu Jiefang , Huang Xiaoyan , Zhang Jie , Zhang Xiaoju , Yang Yang , Xie Mingzhu
Published: November 2024

Objective

Many cancer patients are raising young children while suffering from the seriousness of the illness, and it is challenging for parents to talk to their children about their parents' advanced cancer. The purpose of this systematic review was to synthesize the existing evidence on parents' and children's experiences of communicating about parental advanced cancer.

Methods

Seven databases including Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase (OVID), PROQUEST health and medical, CINAL Complete (EMBSO), Medline (OVID), Cochrane Library were systematically searched. A total of 3480 articles were retrieved. Finally, 21 articles were appraised and synthesized.

Results

Three synthesized findings were identified, including open communication with children, concerns about communication, and factors influencing ongoing communication. Most parents appreciated open communication, but struggled with the words, timing and amount of information, and were concerned about causing additional worry to their children. Talking openly about a parent's advanced cancer provided an opportunity for both parents and their children to support each other emotionally, although some parents reported distress in their children.

Conclusions

This systematic review showed the current evidence on parent–child communication when a parent was diagnosed with advanced cancer. Future studies should be conducted to explore how parent–child communication about a parent's advanced cancer affects children's physical and psychological health, and explore children's experiences more directly. Interventions should be developed to help parents with advanced cancer and their children of different ages.
Lung Cancer Screening Health Belief Model: Psychometric Properties of the Arabic Version and Factors Influencing Screening and Prevention Among Jordanians
Authors: Yasin Jehad A. , Tamimi Mohammad‐Amer A. , Qtaishat Fares A. , Al‐Din Tasneem J. , Obeidat Dana M. , Alkuttob Leen A. , Alhamaideh Leen H. , Al‐Habahbeh Faris O. , Jabri Mira E. , Al‐Ani Abdullah , Odat Ramez M. , Zuriekat Margaret , Alfuqaha Othman A.
Published: November 2024

Background

Several screening models have recently been applied to study awareness and help people make informed decisions regarding cancer screening.

Aims

This study aimed to explore the knowledge, attitudes, and lung cancer screening health beliefs (LCSHBs) among Jordanians. Moreover, we intended to translate the LCSHBs scale into the Arabic language and test its validity and reliability.

Methods

An online survey (Google Forms) was completed by 916 participants in Jordan via snowball sampling technique from February 10, 2024, to March 2, 2024, assessing lung cancer screening knowledge, lung cancer preventive attitudes, screening‐related health beliefs, and stages of screening adoption. Linear regression analysis, correlations, and non‐parametric statistics were utilized for statistical inference.

Results

Participants had high mean percentage scores of 86.56% and 85.75% for knowledge and preventive attitudes towards lung cancer screening, respectively. The Arabic version of the LCSHBs model was found to be a valid and reliable tool, as indicated by principal component analysis extraction and Cronbach's alpha values. Lung cancer screening knowledge was positively associated with perceived benefits and negatively associated with perceived barriers to screening. Knowledge, perceived barriers, perceived risk of lung cancer, self‐efficacy (SE) to screen, and lung cancer preventive attitudes were significantly associated with the perceived benefits of lung cancer screening (p < 0.05). We also found that the higher the SE, the higher the physical activity and the lower the perceived barriers.

Conclusion

The Arabic version of the LCSHBs model is valid and reliable for assessing health beliefs toward lung cancer screening. We recommend enhancing targeted interventions, educational outreach, and improving health insurance access to reduce lung cancer incidence in Jordan and promote screening behaviors.