bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The NEID Earth Twin Survey. I. Confirmation of a 31 Day Planet Orbiting HD 86728
Authors: Gupta Arvind F. , Luhn Jacob K. , Wright Jason T. , Mahadevan Suvrath , Robertson Paul , Krolikowski Daniel M. , Ford Eric B. , Cañas Caleb I. , Halverson Samuel , Lin Andrea S. J. , Kanodia Shubham , Fitzmaurice Evan , Gilbertson Christian , Bender Chad F. , Blake Cullen H. , Dong Jiayin , Giovinazzi Mark R. , Logsdon Sarah E. , Monson Andrew , Ninan Joe P. , Rajagopal Jayadev , Roy Arpita , Schwab Christian , Stefánsson Guđmundur
Published: December 2024

With close to 3 yr of observations in hand, the NEID Earth Twin Survey (NETS) is starting to unearth new astrophysical signals for a curated sample of bright, radial velocity (RV)-quiet stars. We present the discovery of the first NETS exoplanet, HD 86728b, a

m

p

sin
i
=

9.16

−
0.56

+
0.55

M

⊕

planet on a circular,

P
=

31.1503

−
0.0066

+
0.0062

day orbit, thereby confirming a candidate signal identified by L. A. Hirsch et al. We confirm the planetary origin of the detected signal, which has a semi-amplitude of just

K
=

1.91

−
0.12

+
0.11

m s−1, via careful analysis of the NEID RVs and spectral activity indicators, and we constrain the mass and orbit via fits to NEID and archival RV measurements. The host star is intrinsically quiet at the ∼1 m s−1 level, with the majority of this variability likely stemming from short-timescale granulation. HD 86728b is among the small fraction of exoplanets with similar masses and periods that have no known planetary siblings.
Shallow reef fish assemblage from Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Southwest Atlantic
Authors: Ilarri Martina , Valentim Leandro , Gitirana Humberto , Rosa Ricardo , Souza Allan
Published: December 2024

The paper presents an extensive dataset of the shallow reef fish communities and habitat characteristics in the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago (Southwest Atlantic). The data were collected from August to October 2006 in the Fernando de Noronha main island. To evaluate the shallow reef fish communities, 165 visual censuses were performed in eight different localities in the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago.

The dataset reports a comprehensive compilation of the shallow reef fish abundance, of eight localities of the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago. The dataset reveals spatial heterogeneity amongst the selected localities in terms of fish abundance, composition and size.
Innovation Booster Technologie et Handicap
Authors: Gilliand Morgane , Alexandre Kétia , Bernier Ariane , Chinet Léonie
Published: December 2024

Le soutien à l’autogestion des maladies chroniques chez les adultes ayant une déficience intellectuelle (DI) est insuffisamment développé, malgré leur susceptibilité accrue de présenter une condition de santé chronique par rapport à la population générale. Les maladies chroniques sont une cause majeure de morbidité et de mortalité dans cette population et ont un impact significatif sur leur qualité de vie et celle de leur famille. L’autogestion est associée à une série de comportements tels qu’adopter une alimentation équilibrée, pratiquer une activité physique, prendre sa médication et être en mesure de prendre des décisions pour accomplir ces actions nécessaires au bon contrôle de la maladie. Accomplir ces comportements peut représenter une difficulté considérable pour les personnes ayant une DI. Malgré les avancées dans ce domaine, les adultes ayant une DI rencontrent souvent des difficultés à accéder à des prestations de qualité en matière de prise en charge des maladies chroniques, en raison d’un manque d’accès, de contenus et méthodes d’interventions non adaptés à leurs besoins. La littérature actuelle offre peu de connaissances sur les facteurs clés d’une intervention de soutien à l’autogestion prenant en compte les particularités des adultes ayant une DI. Afin de répondre à ce besoin, nous avons expérimenté une version réduite d’un programme existant d’autogestion de la maladie chronique auprès d’adultes ayant une DI vivant dans le canton de Vaud. Il s’agissait d’une étude exploratoire ayant pour objectifs d’évaluer l’accessibilité des contenus et des méthodes d’interventions et d’identifier les besoins particuliers, les leviers et les barrières à la mise en œuvre de ce type de programme auprès d’adultes ayant une DI. Ce texte présente les étapes de préparation, de mise en œuvre et d’évaluation de cette expérimentation qui a été réalisée dans le cadre du programme Innovation Booster Technologie et Handicap.
Sociolinguistique insulaire : avantages et désavantages d’être une île
Authors: Saillard Claire
Published: December 2024

Taïwan est une île de plus de 23 millions d’habitants en 2023, d’origines et de langues diverses. La composition ethnolinguistique et les pratiques pluri- et multilingues des Taïwanais sont le résultat d’une histoire complexe, marquée notamment par des événements politiques majeurs au XX ème siècle : la colonisation par le Japon (1895-1945), l’établissement du gouvernement de la République de Chine à Taïwan (1949), la première élection d’un président né à Taïwan (Lee Teng-hui, 1984), puis d’un président favorable à l’indépendance (Chen Shui-bian, 2000). Ces événements ont eu un impact sur la composition de la population (notamment l’arrivée massive de Chinois du continent en 1949), mais aussi sur la façon dont les Taïwanais perçoivent leurs langues, qu’elles soient autochtones ou « nationales ». Le caractère insulaire de Taïwan a favorisé un glissement progressif entre deux dynamiques opposées, facilitées par le contexte historique et politique évoqué plus haut : une dynamique d’importation (de la langue – le « guoyu » ; de concepts – la « langue nationale »), puis une dynamique de recomposition interne (expansion du guoyu mais aussi du dialecte « taïwanais » dominant ; attention portée aux langues vernaculaires ; et enfin, légitimation d’une pluralité de « langues nationales »). Ce chapitre examine comment ces deux dynamiques ont joué dans trois phases clés de la construction sociolinguistique de l’île : l’adoption de la langue nationale depuis 1945, la redécouverte du multilinguisme sinitique dans les années 1980 et la documentation à grande échelle des langues austronésiennes depuis les années 2000, menant à leur intégration dans un paysage multilingue assumé.
STAT3 down-regulation for IL-2 inducing TIL-A clinical clue for spatial quantitative pathway analysis
Authors: Yang Yun , Chen Shuyi , Li Wenqian , Duan Jason Chengwu , Yuan Yuan , Xie Victor S. , Li Biaoru
Published: December 2024

Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) can be used in two clinical areas: Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) and studying TIL immune properties ex vivo. After we studied ACT for more than thirty years, we are now going to study T-cells' immune properties for personalized immunotherapy. A spatial-quantitative network model can be applied to analyze the immune properties of T-cells and then develop new strategies under a machine learning algorithm. This study utilized STAT3 complex down-regulation for IL-2 inducing cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) to study T-cell characteristics. After studying spatial-order regulation from the SMAD-STAT3 axis of multiple protein complexes, we focused on a second protein, or STAT3, knockdown for IL-2-inducing CTL. Because machine learning algorithms require a good pathway configuration to mine targeting genes and targeting drugs, the spatial-time quantification network can address the spatial competition of complex proteins binding to downstream proteins/DNA in network analysis. The research demonstrated that STAT3 downregulation can reactivate CTL under a spatial-order quantification network combined with IL2 inducing. After studying the algorithm of a spatial quantitative network under STAT3 downregulation, we can use the spatial-complex configurations to analyze complex regulation in artificial intelligence for future personalized therapy.
Toward autism spectrum disorders and Williams-Beuren syndrome co-occurrence condition in Tunisian patients: Genetic insights
Authors: Khelifi Rim , Jelloul Afef , Ajmi Houda , Slimani Wafa , Dimassi Sarra , Rjiba Khouloud , Dardour Manel , Gribaa Moez , Saad Ali , Mougou-Zerelli Soumaya
Published: December 2024

Introduction

Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by congenital heart defects, dysmorphic features, intellectual delay, and a distinctive social behavioral profile. This highly recurrent and homogeneous phenotype has been curiously reported to be associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Both genetic and environmental origins have been implicated. This study aimed to describe Tunisian patients associated with WBS and ASD and explore the underlying etiologies.

Methods

Thirty-one clinically suspected WBS were referred for genetic exploration. A comprehensive evaluation using karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and array comparative genomic hybridization (array-CGH) was performed.

Results

All patients were clinically diagnosed and confirmed to have WBS through karyotyping and FISH analysis. Notably, six patients with complex or atypical clinical presentations underwent array-CGH. Two of these patients presented with ASD. Array CGH showed microdeletions ranging from 1.4 to 1.7 Mb in the 7q11.2 region. Further analysis of the extended region deletion identified a gene closely located in the deleted region, the HIP1 gene, involved in the central nervous system trafficking protein.

Discussion

The recurrent deletion in WBS, as well as the mirror duplication, may contribute to ASD development in some cases, suggesting a potential involvement of the ASD genes pathway in this region. However, recessive genetic origins should also be considered, particularly in consanguineous families. Furthermore, our findings highlight the potential role of genetic factors and regulatory elements within the deleted region in modulating gene expression, notably the HIP1 gene. This underscores the implications of gene dosage and environmental factors in the broader WBS region, notably with language and social development.

Conclusion

The presence of ASD in WBS patients emphasizes the need to investigate all WBS patients for autistic traits to establish a better genotype–phenotype correlation. We underline the utility of array-CGH as a valuable genetic diagnostic tool for characterizing WBS cases, and we shed light on the complex interplay of behavioral disorders in the 7q11.2 region rearrangements.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Remote Mobile Health Services for the Elderly: Standards and Best Practices
Authors: Bo Wang  , Peng Yang  , Lidan Zhang  , Yiping Zhang  , Xuemei Li
Published: December 2024

The innovative application of emerging mobile and wearable health information and sensing technologies (mHealth) holds great promise for lowering healthcare costs and enhancing well-being in various ways. Numerous fields are seeing the development of these applications. Still, to fully understand the opportunities and difficulties associated with using mobile technologies to enhance health outcomes, more thorough research is required. There is currently little data supporting the effectiveness of mHealth. Even though these technologies seem harmless and enticing, more research is required to determine the best times, locations, and users for mHealth methods, applications, and devices. As a result, a remote medical hub waitperson is essential to sustainably providing high-quality telemedicine services. This paper offers a thorough analysis of the delivery of medical services through telemedicine applications, with a focus on medical center servers. It also draws attention to the problems and obstacles that still need to be resolved to deliver health services via telehealth in the medical center. These ideas are used in this work to define a high standard for the developing field of mHealth research, explore potential future directions, and describe existing assessment standards.
Collaborative Virtual Learning Environments: A Structure for Designing Digital Educational Materials
Authors: Shuce Zhao
Published: December 2024

Collaborative learning (CL) is primarily conducted in-person meetings these days. It is explained in more detail by identifying key aspects and benefits. Furthermore, social dimensions of learning are discussed, with an emphasis on communication and interaction. Therefore, the theoretical underpinning of educational environments is shared learning. An overview of virtual learning communities and prerequisites for participation are provided. This paper’s goal is to offer a few pieces of research on students and cooperative learning in virtual environments. Educations on cooperative learners in virtual environments are beginning to appear and will become more important, especially in online and remote learning contexts. It will be argued that virtual worlds’ layout and functioning offer a collaborative platform, especially for students who may have grown accustomed to and even prefer digitalized learning environments. Additionally presented is the environment’s design. This environment has been assessed using a hybrid evaluation methodology to identify usability challenges, gather additional requirements for new functionality to facilitate collaborative virtual learning environments, and assess the suitability of various learning scenarios.
Future Prospects of Large Language Models: Enabling Natural Language Processing in Educational Robotics
Authors: S. Vinoth Kumar  , R. B. Saroo Raj  , J. Praveenchandar  , S. Vidhya  , S. Karthick  , R. Madhubala
Published: December 2024

Large language models (LLMs) have recently shown considerable promise in educational robotics by offering generic knowledge necessary in situations when prior programming is not possible. In general, mobile education robots cannot perform tasks like navigation or localization unless they have a working knowledge of maps. In this letter, we tackle the issue of making LLMs more applicable in the field of mobile education robots by helping them to understand Space Graph, a text-based map description. This study, which focuses on LLMs, is divided into several sections. It explores basic natural language processing (NLP) techniques and highlights how they can help create smooth education discussions. Examining the development of LLMs inside NLP systems, the paper explores the benefits and implementation issues of important models utilized in the education sector. Applications useful in educational discussions are described in depth, ranging from patient-focused tools like diagnosis and treatment recommendations to systems that support education providers. We provide thorough instructions and real-world examples for quick engineering, making LLM-based educational robotics solutions more accessible to novices. We demonstrate how LLM-guided upgrades can be easily included in education robotics applications using tutorial-level examples and structured prompt creation. This survey provides a thorough review and helpful advice for leveraging language models in automation development, acting as a road map for researchers navigating the rapidly changing field of LLM-driven educational robotics.
Exploring Blended Learning Models Enhanced by Mobile Interactive Technology in Higher Education
Authors: Zhang Ye
Published: December 2024

With the continuous advancement of information technology, mobile interactive technology has been increasingly applied in higher education, providing robust support for blended learning models. These models integrate the advantages of traditional classroom teaching and online learning, enhancing the flexibility and interactivity of the educational process. In recent years, research on mobile interactive technology and blended learning has expanded. However, most studies have primarily focused on the application of technological tools and platform construction, with limited exploration of specific interaction models and learning experiences. Furthermore, research on student learning objective identification and group stratification have been constrained, failing to effectively meet the needs of personalized learning. In response, this study explores the integration of interaction models and learning experiences within a mobile environment for university students in blended learning settings. Additionally, methods for identifying learning objectives and stratifying student groups based on mobile technology were investigated, aiming to provide theoretical and practical guidance for the implementation of blended learning in higher education.
Ethical AI Entrepreneurial Strategies for Business Intelligence and Blockchain
Authors: Ayyaswamy Kathirvel , Kathirvel Naren , C. P. Maheswaran
Published: December 2024

The development of numerous cryptocurrencies, dApp monetization, smart personal contracts, decentralized finance apps (Defi), and non-fungible tokens (NFTs) preceded general adoption of the blockchain concept. Blockchain technology (BT) is digital money that increases in value every hour by a factor of bigger than its previous worth. Even though blockchain's widespread appeal has been confined to its role in the development of Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, a number of other applications are currently being developed steadily. This demonstrates the promise of decentralized technology and the undeniable influence of blockchain on business across many industries. Because of these built-in characteristics, blockchain is now used in a number of sectors, including real estate, finance, agriculture field, healthcare sector, education institutions, design and manufacturing unit, and retail shopping. The chapter provides a thorough explanation of the various use cases and areas of BT.
Data-Driven Insights Into CSR Influence on Ethical AI Development
Authors: Bose Indraneel , Srivastava Ankit , Sharma Vikas , Tripathi Saurabh , Singh Yajvendra
Published: December 2024

This research aims to explore the influence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on the development and adoption of ethical AI practices in businesses through a quantitative approach. The study investigates how CSR initiatives drive responsible AI governance, focusing on transparency, accountability, and fairness. By analyzing data from a cross-sectional survey of companies across various industries, key metrics such as CSR expenditure, ethical AI adoption rates, and regulatory compliance are examined. Statistical methods, including regression analysis and correlation testing, are employed to assess the impact of CSR on ethical AI outcomes. The findings are expected to provide data-driven insights into how CSR investments align with the development of ethical AI frameworks, contributing to sustainable business practices. This study also highlights the role of CSR in fostering trust, improving corporate reputation, and mitigating risks associated with AI technologies. The results could guide policymakers and business leaders in shaping future CSR and AI strategies.
Corporate Social Responsibility Approaches to Ethical AI in Hotel Industry Business
Authors: Saxena Deepa , Sinha C. N. , Bajpai Sharad , Singh Uday Pratap , Prakash Ankit
Published: December 2024

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in the hotel industry has brought about significant advancements in customer service, operational efficiency, and personalized experiences. However, the ethical implications of AI usage in this sector raise critical concerns that necessitate a proactive approach to corporate social responsibility (CSR). This chapter explores the various CSR strategies adopted by hotel businesses to ensure the ethical implementation of AI technologies. It discusses the importance of transparency, fairness, and accountability in AI applications, and the role of CSR in addressing issues such as data privacy, bias, and the impact on employment. By adopting ethical AI practices, hotels can not only enhance their reputation but also contribute to sustainable business models that prioritize the well-being of all stakeholders.
Back to the future: a case series on revisiting onabotulinumtoxinA for chronic migraine management after anti-CGRP therapies failure
Authors: Mascarella Davide , Carandente Benedetto , Favoni Valentina , Bruno Elisa Maria , Cortelli Pietro , Pierangeli Giulia , Cevoli Sabina
Published: December 2024

Background: Chronic migraine (CM) management is still a challenge. Notwithstanding the success of anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide antibodies (anti-CGRP mAbs), not all patients respond to these treatments. Here, we revisit the efficacy of onabotulinumtoxinA (BTA) in patients who did not respond to anti-CGRP mAbs.
Methods: This case series included 36 CM patients who demonstrated an insufficient response (<10% reduction in monthly headache days [MHD]) to anti-CGRP mAbs and who received a subsequent BTA treatment between December 2022 and February 2024. All patients had a minimum follow-up duration of six months with anti-CGRP mAb and BTA treatments.
Results: The cohort comprised 12 patients (92% females, mean age of 49 years) affected by CM. Treatment with anti-CGRP mAbs produced in 7 (58.3%) patients an initial 20% reduction in MHD which, after a few months, was less than 10%; in 5 patients (41.6%) the response was >10% from the beginning of the treatment. A reduction in MHD of >50% was reported in 6 patients (50%) treated with BTA, and in 6 patients (50%) there was a less pronounced reduction (30-50%).
Conclusions: This case series is the first report of patients who showed a meaningful response to BTA after an unsuccessful trial with anti- CGRP mAbs, suggesting a CGRP-independent action of BTA. However, due to the small sample size, further research is needed to support the proposal of a positive response to BTA in CM patients resistant to anti-CGRP mAbs and the consequent mechanistic implications.
Epidemiology of sepsis in AUSL Romagna and time to positivity
Authors: Marzucco Anna , Fantini Michela , Montanari Maria Sofia , Gatti Giulia , Manera Martina , Tamburini Maria Vittoria , Morotti Manuela , Denicolò Agnese , Congestrì Francesco , Arfilli Valentina , Schiavone Pasqua , Scagliarini Alessandra , Sambri Vittorio , Cricca Monica
Published: December 2024

Not available.
Moss flora of two Alpine glacial and periglacial sites on crystalline and carbonatic bedrock
Authors: Valle Barbara , Ligi Olga , Invernizzi Anna , Fiaschi Tiberio , Gobbi Mauro , Caccianiga Marco
Published: December 2024

Mosses are important pioneer organisms in cold and wet habitats, such as glacial and periglacial habitats of the European Alps. These habitats include glaciers and rock glaciers, respectively, and are of increasing interest for being directly threatened by climate change and for hosting a specialized and often rare and endemic biodiversity (EU Habitats Directive, habitat code 8340, Natura 2000 network). However, the moss flora of rock glaciers was never studied, and, in general, few studies were performed specifically on mosses of ice-related landforms in the European Alps. The aim of this work is to give a first comparative checklist from two Alpine sites, the rock glacier of Lazaunkar (Bolzano, Italy) and the debris-cover glacier and rock glacier of Cima Uomo (Trento, Italy), with different bedrock compositions. Threatened species (according to IUCN red lists) and extremely specialized high-elevation species were found in both sites, but mostly on crystalline bedrock in Lazaunkar. This biodiversity is the most threatened by climate change. These findings highlight how these habitats still need to be studied and monitored in the future.
Joint Adaptive Modulation and Power Control Scheme for Energy Efficient FSO-based Non-Terrestrial Networks
Authors: Nguyen Thang V. , Pham Hien T. T. , Dang Ngoc T.
Published: December 2024

Free-space optics (FSO)-based non-terrestrial networks (NTN) have garnered significant attention as a potential technology for forthcoming 6G wireless communications due to their exceptional data rate and extensive global coverage capability. Nevertheless, atmospheric attenuation, cloud attenuation, geometric loss, and atmospheric turbulence present numerous difficulties in developing these networks. To cope with these difficulties, we propose to apply a joint adaptive modulation and power control (JAMPC) scheme to FSO-based NTN. Our proposed JAMPC algorithm aims to enhance energy efficiency while guaranteeing the targeted outage probability, bit-error rate, and the required data rate. We develop mathematical models and derive closed-form expressions to implement the proposed algorithm and solve the optimization problem. The numerical results confirm that the JAMPC scheme helps NTN provide better energy efficiency and the ability to adapt to various channel conditions.
Clinical Diagnosis of Acute Noma: Essential Infection Markers and Clinical Presentations
Authors: Gebretsadik Heron Gezahegn
Published: December 2024

In clinical settings, understanding the markers and clinical signs of infection is critical for timely diagnosis and treatment. However, a point-of-care diagnostic test is lacking for noma, a debilitating orofacial infectious disease. This retrospective study reviewed electronic medical records (EMRs) and paper medical records (PMRs) of noma patients from Facing Africa (235 EMRs), Yekatit 12 Hospital (68 PMRs), and Project Harar (33 PMRs) in Ethiopia to identify essential infection markers and clinical presentations of acute noma. The review identified seven acute noma patients aged 4–9 years. The patients presented with facial edema, pain, anorexia, ecchymosis, excessive salivation, and drooling, as well as specific symptoms such as visual disturbances, high fever, foul odor, halitosis, and local tenderness. Laboratory findings included elevated white blood cell counts (13,500–14,500 cells/mcL), C-reactive protein levels (107–148 mg/L), and erythrocyte sedimentation rates (65–90 mm/hour). At >85 ng/mL, procalcitonin levels were particularly high. Accurate diagnosis of noma requires a comprehensive approach that includes thorough clinical examination, appropriate disease stage classification, medical history review, and laboratory testing. The study highlights the critical infection markers and clinical presentations associated with acute noma that may aid in early diagnosis of the disease. Further research with a much larger number of participants is needed. However, given the difficulty in identifying acute noma cases due to the rapid progression and very high mortality of the disease and the challenge of accessing acute noma cases owing to various socioeconomic barriers, the results of this small study are still relevant.
Development and Experimental Validation of a Physics-Based
Identification and Mitigation Strategy for Torsional Vibratory Behavior in
Medium-Duty Commercial Vehicle Drivelines
Authors: Dhamankar Shveta , Ali Junaid , Parshall Evan , Shaver Gregory , Evans John , Bajaj Anil K.
Published: December 2024

Torsional vibration generated during operation of commercial vehicles can
negatively affect the life of driveline components, including the transmission,
driveshafts, and rear axle. Undesirable vibrations typically stem from
off-specification parts, or excitation at one or more system resonant
frequencies. The solution for the former involves getting the system components
within specification. As for the latter, the solution involves avoiding
excitation at resonance, or modifying the parameters to move the system’s
resonant frequencies outside the range of operation through component changes
that modify one, or more, component inertia, stiffness, or damping
characteristics. One goal of the effort described in this article is to propose,
and experimentally demonstrate, a physics-based gear-shifting algorithm that
prevents excitation of the system’s resonant frequency if it lies in the
vehicle’s range of operation. To guide that effort, analysis was conducted with
a numerical simulation model incorporating nonlinear driveline dynamics
resulting from engine operation (including misfire and cylinder deactivation),
excitation from multiple universal joints, the transmission, and a vehicle speed
feedback controller, a contribution the authors have not seen in the
pre-existing literature. The experimentally validated simulation results
demonstrate that the torsional oscillating mode corresponding to the torque
converter or turbine exhibits sensitivity to clutch activation, and variations
in system parameters. Consequently, variation in system parameters alters the
natural frequency of the system, potentially aligning it with the vehicle’s
operational frequency range in specific gear ranges. Experimental on-road tests,
described here, demonstrate that for the truck-under-test one of the natural
frequencies of the system is within the range of operation for gears 4, 5, and 6
for certain vehicle speeds. Resonance in these gears was successfully prevented,
and experimentally demonstrated, by using the proposed algorithm without
sacrificing the performance of the vehicle.
Crack detection in concrete structures using standard deviation of discrete wavelet transform
Authors: Saadatmorad Morteza , Khatir Samir , Khatir Bochra
Published: December 2024

Crack detection in concrete structures is an important issue in the maintenance and repair operations of the structures. Detecting and distinguishing cracks in concrete can help determine the structure's health and prevent the possibility of structural failure. An efficient method for separating cracks in concrete is to use wavelet transform. This paper proposes a new crack detection technique based on a two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform and the standard deviation obtained from its detail signals to select an optimum wavelet function. According to our findings, there is a significant relation between the statistical index standard deviation and the desired detail signal obtained from the two-dimensional discrete wavelet transform for selecting the optimum wavelet function. Specifically, results show that as the standard deviation of the matrix of detail signal increases by a given wavelet function, crack detection resolution increases by that wavelet function.
Contribución de las antiguas técnicas agrícolas precolombinas al desarrollo del turismo rural sostenible
Authors: Núñez Torres Edgar , Guerra Castellón Emilio Enrique , Vázquez Alfonso Yasser
Published: December 2024

El turismo rural sostenible contribuye a la implementación de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible de la Agenda 2030 de las Naciones Unidas, por la forma en que se aprovechan los recursos turísticos de los entornos rurales sin comprometer su disponibilidad para las generaciones futuras. La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar la contribución de las técnicas agrícolas precolombinas en el desarrollo del turismo rural sostenible. Se recopiló información sobre cada civilización precolombina (Incas, Mayas y Aztecas) y se realizaron análisis detallados de las principales técnicas agrícolas; incluyendo su descripción, beneficios potenciales, limitaciones y oportunidades para el desarrollo turístico (promoción del turismo agroecológico vivencial, conservación y restauración del patrimonio, educación ambiental y diversificación de la oferta turística). Los resultados mostraron que las técnicas agrícolas precolombinas son beneficiosas al promover la diversificación de cultivos, la conservación del suelo y la promoción de prácticas agrícolas sostenibles. Identificándose limitaciones como: la necesidad de conocimientos especializados y los desafíos ambientales asociados con el uso intensivo de recursos hídricos. Este estudio contribuye al conocimiento existente al proporcionar una visión detallada de las técnicas agrícolas precolombinas y su relevancia para el turismo rural sostenible.
Integrating Satellite Data and In-situ Observations for Trophic State Assessment of Renuka Lake, Himachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Jally Sujit Kumar , Kumar Rakesh , Das Sibabrata
Published: December 2024

The present study focuses on estimating the Trophic State Index (TSI) of Renuka Lake, the smallest Ramsar site in India, utilizing in-situ observed Secchi disk transparency (SDT) and satellite data. Site-specific algorithms were developed by establishing the relationship between the spectral band ratio of Landsat 8 OLI and LISS-III with that of in-situ measured SDT data. Notably, the exponential regression model outperformed other regression models (linear, logarithmic, polynomial, and power), achieving a better model output (R2=0.94). Additionally, water quality parameters, namely pH and dissolved oxygen (DO), were measured using the TROLL 9500 multi-parameter instrument. Various interpolation methods were applied to the in-situ data, with the exponential regression model yielding the most accurate results.This method was subsequently selected to generate two-dimensional water-quality images of Renuka Lake. The combined analysis of in-situ and satellite-derived trophic status indicates the eutrophic to hypereutrophic condition of the lake’s eastern and western parts. Satellite imagery spanning 2010-2019 consistently reveals a eutrophic state in the lake, with fluctuations in intensity over the period. The sustained eutrophic condition is attributed to escalating human-induced activities surrounding the lake, particularly in the western region.
Cost Assessment of Emission Mitigation Technology for the Palm Oil Sector in Indonesia
Authors: Chairat A. S. Nur , Abdullah L. , Maslan M. N. , Aras M. S. M. , Fauadi M. H. F. Md , Hamid R. A. , Batih H.
Published: December 2024

Indonesia must establish a policy on the application of technology for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions because it is the nation that produces the most palm oil. When evaluating different technologies, policymakers should consider how much the technology will cost compared to the potential emissions abated, in terms of marginal abatement cost (MAC), which reflects priorities in the form of marginal abatement cost curves (MACC). The objective of this research is to evaluate and estimate the ranking of MAC from eight mitigation technologies used in Indonesia’s palm oil sector between 2020 and 2030. The least MAC is given as technology ranked first, namely the high-capacity boiler, with a value of $-19.61/tonne CO2eq followed by the high-efficiency steam turbine with $-7.2/tonne CO2eq, and the POME-to-biogas technology with $-0.1/tonne CO2eq. Additionally, the MAC of five additional technologies is positive, suggesting that implementation expenses were incurred. Subsequently, a sensitivity analysis is performed to see which technology ranks are impacted by interest rate fluctuations. Biogas upgrading technology is therefore liable to changes in the discount rate, which occur at different values. Other mitigation technologies, however, are also increasing their parameters, although less significantly than biogas upgrading, therefore this has no bearing on mitigation technology ranking.
A Comprehensive Genetic Analysis of Mycotoxin-Producing Penicillium expansum Isolated from River Water Using Molecular Profiling, DNA Barcoding, and Secondary Structure Prediction
Authors: Ravikiran R. , Raghu G. , Praveen B.
Published: December 2024

This study marks the first report on the genetic characterization of Penicillium expansum strain capable of mycotoxin production isolated from river water. Situated in Ganagalawanipeta village, Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh, India, where river water serves as a vital resource, our investigation probed the presence of pathogenic opportunistic fungi adept at mycotoxin synthesis. Over six months, 30 samples were collected to assess their occurrence. This article revolves around the use of morphological traits for Penicillium genus identification. Precise species determination involved PCR analysis using universal primers ITS1 and ITS4, followed by sequence analysis through NCBI-BLASTn and the ITS2 database. The analysis indicated a striking 99.49% genetic similarity to Penicillium expansum isolate MW559596 from CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Goa, an Indian isolate, with a resultant 600-base pair fragment. This sequence was officially cataloged as OR536221 in the NCBI GenBank database. Sequence and phylogenetic assessments were conducted to pinpoint the strain and geographical origin. Notably, the ribosomal nuclear ITS region displayed significant inter- and intra-specific divergence, manifested in DNA barcodes and secondary structures established via minimum free energy calculations. These findings provide crucial insights into the genetic diversity and potential mycotoxin production of P. expansum isolates, shedding light on the environmental repercussions and health risks associated with river water contamination from agricultural and aquaculture effluents. This pioneering research advances our understanding of mycotoxin-producing fungi in aquatic environments and underscores the imperative need for water quality monitoring in regions reliant on such water sources for their sustenance and livelihoods.
Enhancing Driving Safety and Environmental Consciousness through Automated Road Sign Recognition Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Fauadi M. H. F. Md , Zan M. F. H. Mohd , Ali M. A. M , Abdullah L. , Yaakop S. N. , Noor A. Z. M.
Published: December 2024

Traffic accidents remain a pressing public safety concern, with a substantial number of incidents resulting from drivers' lack of attentiveness to road signs. Automated road sign recognition has emerged as a promising technology for enhancing driving assistance systems. This study explores the application of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in automatically recognizing road signs. CNNs, as deep learning algorithms, possess the ability to process and classify visual data, making them well-suited for image-based tasks such as road sign recognition. The research focuses on the data collection process for training the CNN, incorporating a diverse dataset of road sign images to improve recognition accuracy across various scenarios. A mobile application was developed as the user interface, with the output of the system displayed on the app. The results show that the system is capable of recognizing signs in real time, with average accuracy for sign recognition from a distance of 10 meters: i) daytime = 89.8%, ii) nighttime = 75.6%, and iii) rainy conditions = 76.4%. In conclusion, the integration of CNNs in automated road sign recognition, as demonstrated in this study, presents a promising avenue for enhancing driving safety by addressing drivers' attentiveness to road signs in real-time scenarios.
Mapping the shafts of Laurion – Contribution to a new geological stratigraphy
Authors: Vaxevanopoulos Markos , Ross James , Soukis Konstantinos , Voudouris Panagiotis , Melfos Vasilios
Published: December 2024

The mining territory of Laurion in Attica-Greece comprises a great number of shafts constructed since antiquity in order to exploit the silver bearing ore deposits. These vertical constructions have presumably served a multipurpose role as artificial conduits for uplifting the extracted material, exploration shafts as well as ventilation chimneys. They are situated in an area of 70 km2 and their depth varies from a few meters to over 100 m. The different contacts of the Laurion rock sequences, where the ore mineralization was deposited, are visible in the majority of the shafts. The
main extracted minerals found in the primary and oxidized carbonate replacement deposits are galena, cerussite and anglesite. The ore mineralization is hosted in mantos and chimneys clearly visible in the shaft's interior. This study presents the results of the “Laurion Shafts Project” that took place during 2018 with its primary objective the description of the stratigraphy in selected mining shafts at Laurion. During the research, 284 mining shafts were located, and 10 of them were speleologically explored and topographically mapped with the use of the laser meter Disto-X2. Geological mapping was also performed at the inner part of the selected shafts. The gained stratigraphic data provide enough information for a general stratigraphic column and will contribute to the future construction of a 3D geological model of the Laurion mining district.
Τhe cupellation of argentiferous lead in Mesogeia, East Attica, during the Final Neolithic/Early Bronze Age periods – The cupellation workshop at Lambrika
Authors: Kakavogianni Olga , Douni Kerasia , Georgakopoulou Myrto
Published: December 2024

Excavations in SE Attica have uncovered a wealth of metallurgical finds relating primarily to cupellation and to a lesser extent copper working. Workshop installations were only identified at Lambrika, but significant quantities of litharge are also known from the sites of Merenda, Gyalou and Zapani. Litharge is characteristically scarce at the extensive, nodal settlement of Koropi. The finds from Merenda and possibly Gyalou place the beginnings of cupellation in this region at least to the mid 4th millennium BC, extending continuously among the different sites to the EHII. The bowl-shaped litharge is the most common type of litharge identified here with the characteristically arranged ten depressions on the top surface appearing to be a chronologically later (mature EBI/ EBII) feature, possibly also spatially restricted in the Lavrion/ Lambrika zone. The identification of litharge does not intrinsically testify to in situ practice of cupellation, as the material is known to have had secondary usages in antiquity, not least as a raw material for lead production. The quantity of finds and other considerations, however, suggest that cupellation workshops existed on almost all the sites considered here, even if actual remains of installations have only been identified at Lambrika. The finds from SE Attica testify to the significance of the Lavrion deposits already for the earliest Aegean silver production and allow a direct study of this technology.
Cupellation and litharge in their technological context at Laurion, Attika (Greece) – From Prehistoric to Hellenistic and early Roman periods
Authors: Papadimitriou George D.
Published: December 2024

The extraction of silver and lead at Laurion started in prehistoric times and reached its peak in the classical period, it passed through crises and recoveries during the Hellenistic period and finally ceased permanently in the beginning of the Roman period. During this long period of time, the techniques used for silver extraction were adapted to the raw material available and the production scale. Among them, cupellation variants of argentiferous lead for silver production were evidenced at many locations of the wider area of Laurion, as it is shown from findings of different types of litharge and cupel forms and sizes, located close or at a greater distance from the source of the ore.
In the present work, the process of cupellation is described from a scientific and technical point of view and an attempt is made to interpret the remains that were preserved on the surface or found in excavations, with regard to their technological context. The technology of the cupel of the classical period at Laurion is examined and compared with the corresponding technology of the prehistoric period and with cupels made from porous ceramics of the Middle Ages in Europe. Litharge, the waste of the cupellation process, is also thoroughly examined, since it plays a key role in the performance of the process for minimizing silver losses. But this material, even after its removal from the furnace,
remained still useful in applications of technological or economic importance, to which reference or brief description is also made in the text.
Laurion – The present state and future scope of research
Authors: Lohmann Hans
Published: December 2024

The mining district of Laurion in Attica (Greece) was doubtless the largest and most important industrial area of ancient Greece. Due to the density, diversity and partly excellent state of preservation of the remains it is also one of the most fascinating mining landscapes of the ancient world. The silver mining at Laurion formed one of three pillars of the Athenian public economy. Although the geological and archaeological exploration of the Laurion has made significant progress over the last few decades, numerous questions concerning its history and topography, as well as its mining archaeology and archaeometallurgy remain unsolved. This paper tries to offer a brief general overview of the outstanding problems and questions, in order to define research fields and to formulate tasks for the future as a matter of priority. The most important task, however, is adding the Laurion to the list of UNESCO World Cultural Heritage sites and to protect it from further destruction.
The trial trenches at Ari/Charvalo in 2016 and the excavation by E. and O. Kakavogianni at Frankolimano Thorikou 1969/70: Preliminary results
Authors: Hulek Frank
Published: December 2024

As part of the research project of the University of Bochum at Ari (Lavreotiki/Attica), an ancient ore-washery was excavated there in 2016. According to the findings, it was only superficially disturbed by later activities and is preliminarily dated to the 4th and early 3rd century BC. The findings settle the long-debated question of how the ore washeries worked: They were so-called plain tables or buddles, on which the ore was separated by density on the washing surfaces, using a water film, and without sluices.
Another project started in 2017 and concerned an old excavation at Frankolimano Thorikou near Lavrio. The archaeological finds from a battery of melting furnaces and other ancient buildings are currently under evaluation. For the time being, they can be dated to the advanced Hellenistic period. Archaeometallurgical investigations are under way in close cooperation with specialists at the NCSR Demokritos.
A Byzantine rotary hand mill in Thorikos
Authors: Duchène Sophie
Published: December 2024

The excavation of Cistern No°1 has shown that the latest occupation phase in Thorikos might extend further in time than has been thought initially. Among the finds, two uncommon rotary hand mill’s fragments, belonging to the cistern’s upper layer, allow expanding upon the knowledge of this latest phase. This contribution presents several aspects of these finds, like their typology and raw material, and discusses their chronology. It also sums up archaeological data relative to Late Antique and Byzantine remains in Thorikos and Lavrio to put the finds into a broader perspective. The paper concludes that the rotary hand mill might date from the 7th – 8th century AD or later and emphasizes the need to publish such kind of data systematically.