bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A conserved Y-shaped RNA structure in the 3’UTR of chikungunya virus genome as a host-specialized element that modulates viral replication and evolution
Authors: Bardossy Eugenia Soledad , Volpe Sebastiano , Alvarez Diego Ezequiel , Filomatori Claudia Verónica
Published: May 2023

RNA viral genomes compact information into functional RNA structures. Here, using chikungunya virus as a model, we investigated the structural requirements of conserved RNA elements in the 3’ untranslated region (3’UTR) for viral replication in mosquito and mammalian cells. Using structural predictions and co-variation analysis, we identified a highly stable and conserved Y-shaped structure (SLY) at the end of the 3’UTR that is duplicated in the Asian lineage. Functional studies with mutant viruses showed that the SLY has host-specific functions during viral replication and evolution. The SLY positively modulates viral replication in mosquito cells but has the opposite effect in mammalian cells. Additional structural/functional analyses showed that maintaining the Y-shaped fold and specific nucleotides in the loop are critical for full SLY functionality and optimal viral replication in mosquito cells. Experimental adaptation of viruses with duplicated SLYs to mammalian cells resulted in the generation of heterogeneous viral populations comprising variants with diverse 3’UTRs, contrasting with the homogeneous populations from viruses without SLY copies. Altogether, our findings constitute the first evidence of an RNA secondary structure in the 3’UTR of chikungunya virus genome that plays host-dependent functions.
Dual role of the foot-and-mouth disease virus 3B1 protein in the replication complex: As protein primer and as an essential component to recruit 3Dpol to membranes
Authors: Ferrer-Orta Cristina , Ferrero Diego S. , Verdaguer Nuria
Published: May 2023

Picornavirus genome replication takes place in specialized intracellular membrane compartments that concentrate viral RNA and proteins as well as a number of host factors that also participate in the process. The core enzyme in the replication machinery is the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP) 3Dpol. Replication requires the primer protein 3B (or VPg) attached to two uridine molecules. 3B uridylylation is also catalysed by 3Dpol. Another critical interaction in picornavirus replication is that between 3Dpol and the precursor 3AB, a membrane-binding protein responsible for the localization of 3Dpol to the membranous compartments at which replication occurs. Unlike other picornaviruses, the animal pathogen foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), encodes three non-identical copies of the 3B (3B1, 3B2, and 3B3) that could be specialized in different functions within the replication complex. Here, we have used a combination of biophysics, molecular and structural biology approaches to characterize the functional binding of FMDV 3B1 to the base of the palm of 3Dpol. The 1.7 Å resolution crystal structure of the FMDV 3Dpol -3B1 complex shows that 3B1 simultaneously links two 3Dpol molecules by binding at the bottom of their palm subdomains in an almost symmetric way. The two 3B1 contact surfaces involve a combination of hydrophobic and basic residues at the N- (G5-P6, R9; Region I) and C-terminus (R16, L19-P20; Region II) of this small protein. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA) show that the two 3B1 binding sites play a role in 3Dpol binding, with region II presenting the highest affinity. ELISA assays show that 3Dpol has higher binding affinity for 3B1 than for 3B2 or 3B3. Membrane-based pull-down assays show that 3B1 region II, and to a lesser extent also region I play essential roles in mediating the interaction of 3AB with the polymerase and its recruitment to intracellular membranes.
Resíduos orgânicos e composto fermentado bokashi no desenvolvimento de mudas de couve-flor
Authors: Ghuidotti Gabriela Cristina , Wenneck Gustavo Soares , Saath Reni , Araújo Larissa Leite de , Pereira Gustavo Lopes , Sá Nathália de Oliveira , Ziglioli Amanda Weiss , Bertolo Raissa Presotto
Published: April 2023

A formação de mudas apresenta reflexo sobre o desempenho da cultura, podendo ser influenciada pelo substrato utilizado. A utilização de composto bokashi e resíduos orgânicos pode alterar características do produto e influenciar no desenvolvimento das mudas. Dessa forma, o estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de resíduos orgânicos e composto fermentado bokashi no desenvolvimento de mudas de couve-flor. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 5x2, sendo cinco condições de resíduos agrícolas (controle (sem resíduos), resíduo de café, resíduo de erva-mate, resíduo de milho e mistura de resíduos (café, erva-mate e milho)) duas condições de adição de bokashi (com (5%) e sem) e 18 repetições. A semeadura da couve-flor foi realizada em bandejas de polietileno, sendo mantidas em ambiente protegido durante 30 dias. Foram avaliadas a massa fresca e seca da parte aérea (caule e folhas), número de folhas por muda, conteúdo relativo de água (CRA) nas folhas e pigmentos foliares. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, e comparação de médias pelo teste Tukey, análise multivariada e correlação linear. O composto bokashi melhorou o desenvolvimento das mudas de couve-flor. A adição dos resíduos agrícolas apresentou eficiência apenas quando incorporada com bokashi. Ao utilizar resíduos no substrato, o melhor desempenho foi obtido para utilização da mistura de resíduos.
Characteristics of Facilities With Early and Rapid Ustekinumab Adoption for Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Cohen-Mekelburg Shirley , Van Tony , Berinstein Jeffrey A. , Yu Xianshi , Costa Deena Kelly , Wallace Beth I. , Saini Sameer , Admon Andrew J. , Higgins Peter D.R. , Zhu Ji , Waljee Akbar K.
Published: April 2023

INTRODUCTION:

To examine which facility characteristics, including teamwork, are associated with early or rapid inflammatory bowel disease-related ustekinumab adoption.

METHODS:

We examined the association between ustekinumab adoption and the characteristics of 130 Veterans Affairs facilities.

RESULTS:

Mean ustekinumab adoption increased by 3.9% from 2016 to 2018 and was higher in urban compared with rural facilities (β = 0.03, P = 0.033) and among facilities with more teamwork (β = 0.11, P = 0.041). Compared with nonearly adopters, early adopters were more likely be high-volume facilities (46% vs 19%, P = 0.001).

DISCUSSION:

Facility variation in medication adoption provides an opportunity for improving inflammatory bowel disease care through targeted dissemination strategies to improve medication uptake.
Connected design decision networks: Multidisciplinary decision support for early building design LCA
Authors: Forth Kasimir , Schneider-Marin Patricia , Theißen Sebastian , Höper Jannick , Svane Nanna Dyrup , Borrmann André
Published: April 2023

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) has become the standard method to evaluate environmental impact throughout the life cycle of buildings. However, detailed data about the future building as well as knowledge about the mutual influence of decisions concerning the various disciplines involved are often missing in early design phases, otherwise known to bear the highest potential for emissions savings. Hence, a meaningful basis for decision making is lacking.This study suggests a method to digitally represent decisions and their interdependencies in early design phases and visualize their possible consequences for the life cycle of the future building. The method is based on identification of relevant processes and tasks concerning architecture and Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC). Decisions trees of these tasks are used as a point of departure. Connecting the decision trees to a multidimensional, Connected Design Decision Network (CDDN) enables an interdisciplinary design team to pinpoint strategic decision nodes with comparatively more interdependencies with other subsets and high influence on LCA results. We believe that a transparent decision making in early design stages can be valuable to both the design team as well as clients and contractors and bear potential for an increased mutual awareness minimizing late and expensive redesigns.
Natural materials in building construction - annual evaluation
Authors: Michálková Daniela , Ďurica Pavol
Published: April 2023

The construction industry's focus on a low-carbon economy will result in the need for a deeper examination of natural-based building materials. From an environmental point of view, the benefits of these materials are undeniable. However, it is necessary to consider their shortcomings in other areas of design in terms of building thermal engineering. This article observes and evaluates a wall designed for a wooden building with almost zero energy demand in year-round operation and subsequent assessment in confrontation with a different composition, seemingly more advantageous in thermal resistance and humidity regime. These assemblies are under long-term examination within the pavilion research of the authors' workplace, in laboratory conditions from the interior side. At the same time, they are exposed to the realistic boundary conditions of the external environment. The paper includes an environmental assessment of two compositions, variating in the used material. The research shows that the wall composition of natural materials is more advantageous from an ecological perspective and can also show favourable effects in terms of temperature and relative humidity regulation.
The potential use of giant reed from Portugal as a thermal insulation material
Authors: Malheiro Raphaele , Morilla Aurora , Ansolin Adriana , Fernandes Jorge , Silva Sandra , Mateus Ricardo
Published: April 2023

The construction sector plays an important role in climate change. Thus, there is a pressing need to construct buildings that reduce heat losses, use natural and local materials, exploit renewable sources and ensure high comfort levels with a minimum environmental impact. Reed, considered carbon-neutral and a carbon dioxide sink material, has been used for centuries for diverse uses. Its properties and high availability made it a popular building material, as seen in Portuguese vernacular architecture. Knowing the properties of the reed is a crucial step to ensure successful heritage conservation, optimising these materials, and developing innovative solutions. This paper studies the potential of using giant reed from different Portuguese regions as a thermal insulation material. Giant reed board prototypes (15 x 15 x 5 cm, about 235 kg/m3) were built. Their thermal performance was tested in a hotbox, according to ASTM C1363‑19. The results show that the giant reed harvested on the northern coast of Portugal has better thermal performance than reeds from other regions. However, regardless of the region of the country where the giant reed was harvested, it has a satisfactory thermal resistance (Re ≥ 0.30 (m2.ºC)/W), allowing its use as a thermal insulation material in the buildings.
Improving the properties of unburned earth to control the interior microclimate
Authors: Procházka Michal , Zušťák Zbyněk , Svoboda Pavel
Published: April 2023

The article concerns the problematics of unburned earth used as material for moulding formwork or clay plaster with lowered contraction, especially about interior unburned earth plaster with the heightened percentage of clay and therefore improved sorption abilities. By adding a plasticizer, it is possible to modify the fluidity of the mixture. With lessening the amount of water it is possible to lower the shrinkage. Furthermore, we can increase the ratio of clay to sand and thus we can control the indoor microclimate. This is because the clay provides adsorption properties. Unburnt clay has been widely used as a building material in the past around the world. In the last century, this material was rather despised. Nowadays, however, this trend is reversing and the unburnt clay is experiencing a renaissance. Increasingly people emphasize ecology, a healthy and balanced indoor climate, and demand buildings with low operational and energy intensity. All this can be offered by unburnt clay, because it is energy-efficient in production, easily accessible in almost all parts of the world, harmless, and beneficial to human health, as clay can contribute to the improvement of the internal microclimate to a much greater extent than other building materials, as confirmed by many scientific findings.
Measuring circularity from buildings to neighbourhoods
Authors: Gomes Vanessa , Valdivia Sara , Pulgrossi Lizzie , Gomes da Silva Maristela
Published: April 2023

The circular economy (CE) aims to eliminate the concept of pollution and waste generation, maintain the integrity of the product over several use cycles, and focus on closing material and energy loops. Circularity metrics are relevant for monitoring, reporting and communicating CE implementation progress. Applied to buildings, these metrics deliver structured assessments through standardized indicators, which establish a common language among the agents involved, help implement strategies to assess the circular potential of technical options. Studies dealing with circularity metrics for buildings are still scarce and somewhat variable within an overall common framework. Applications to neighbourhoods are even more incipient. This study applied selected metrics to two building cases with different constructive characteristics, to improve the understanding on how information on circularity is conveyed. The selected metrics highlighted the circularity challenges for the two building designs. However, such metrics disregard the environmental impacts required to induce circular flows and loop closure. It is herein proposed that such metrics are paired with environmental performance profiles produced by e.g., life cycle assessments (LCA). The concept of "nested indicators" could be applied to neighbourhood and city scales by referring to the LCA concept of functional equivalency as the "relevance"  weighting criterion.
Circular design strategies through Additive manufacturing: MoDom, a “circular building” housing model
Authors: Giglio Francesca , Lauria Massimo , Sansotta Sara
Published: April 2023

The doubling of the global use of raw materials in the last century is an established environmental emergency due to an all too common “take – make – dispose” linear development model. Strategic plans within the Green Deal, such as the Circular Economy Action Plan, highlight the key role of building design as an enabling driver for process cyclicality. Against this backdrop, the paper describes the results of an experimental research project aimed at the technological design of a “circular” housing model. The integration of circular economy principles into the design process was pursued through the technology transfer of Additive Manufacturing principles as an enabling technology of Industry 4.0. The research is based on the first phase of critical analysis of two types of case studies: one referring to Circular Buildings, the other referring to 3D printed buildings, through a common reading method based on “circular” indicators extrapolated from the current literature. The evaluation of the results obtained determined the prerequisites for designing a replicable Circular Building model by 3D printing using a lignin-based biopolymer. The adoption and combination of these seemingly opposing themes was a key strength and asset to the project in terms of benefits such as energy savings, lead time, and cost savings at all life cycle stages.
Pedagogía para la recuperación y la reconstrucción de la memoria colectiva
Authors: Rodríguez Mogollón Michael
Published: May 2023

La memoria colectiva supone una relación tensa en contextos marcados por la violencia, el conflicto social, político y armado, vivido en escenarios rurales y urbanos. Tensión que convierte la memoria colectiva en posibilidad de trabajo en el aula como dispositivo pedagógico, de manera que el diseño e implementación estrategias pedagógicas permiten a un grupo tener conocimiento de sí mismo, de manera que se logre una solución de continuidad e identidad frente al tiempo y al pasado, consolidando la escuela como espacio donde tienen lugar la narración de experiencias donde se constituyen las identidades simbólicas y subjetivas. En este trabajo se analiza cualitativamente esta indagación, en la cual se utiliza un diseño narrativo con estudiantes de familias víctimas del conflicto armado. Se plantea que, la recuperación y la reconstrucción de la memoria colectiva a través del quehacer dialógico y comunicativo favorecen la reconstrucción del tejido social y los vínculos afectivos, solidarios.
Educación y formación artística escolar en contextos rurales colombianos
Authors: Gari Muriel Gary
Published: May 2023

En este artículo se presenta un espectro de estudios y análisis académicos acerca de los procesos educativos problémicos que se han detectado en diversos ámbitos rurales colombianos. Para ello, partimos de diversas aproximaciones genéricas en torno a concepciones de ruralidad, o mejor: ruralidades, las cuales se han consultado como parte del acopio de fuentes que han abordado esta temática; para luego pasar a la revisión de una serie de reflexiones construidas en torno a las dinámicas educativas, y en particular aquellas relacionadas con la educación artística escolar convencional en los contextos rurales colombianos. Estas revelan una marcada problemática de descontextualización y subvaloración cultural; que, siendo particular del caso colombiano, no es del todo ajena a lo que ocurre en contextos rurales de otros países latinoamericanos. Dichas problemáticas podrían empezar a ser transformadas mediante la exigencia al Estado para que asuma su responsabilidad en la gestación y apoyo de procesos educativos orientados a la valoración del potencial creador de las comunidades.
Articulações entre CTS e freire na educação em ciências: proposições e discussões evidenciadas entre 2006-2020
Authors: De Azambuja Maraschin André , Hernandez Lindemann Renata
Published: May 2023

Este trabalho buscou conhecer algumas produções acadêmicas desenvolvidas na área de Educação em Ciências que articulam os referenciais de Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade com referenciais Freireanos. Portanto, assumiu-se como questão de pesquisa: Quais foram as produções e abordagens utilizadas na Educação em Ciências, no período de 2006 a 2020, sobre a articulação de referenciais CTS e Freireanos, no contexto Latino-Americano? A busca ocorreu nas bases de dados: Scientific Electronic Library Online, Scopus e Web of Science. Foram selecionadas e analisadas 12 produções, tendo como critério de seleção artigos desenvolvidos em países da América Latina, publicados de 2006 a 2020 e que continham os termos pesquisados em seu título, resumo ou palavras-chave. Quanto a metodologia de busca e análise dos dados, optou-se pela revisão integrativa. Os resultados foram sintetizados em três categorias: (i) pesquisas sobre os entrelaçamentos teórico-filosóficos, (ii) propostas de práticas pedagógicas na educação básica, (iii) propostas de práticas em processos formativos de professores. Junto a essas categorias, identificou-se dois aspectos que estiveram presentes em todas: interdisciplinaridade e formação de professores. Considera-se que o artigo ora apresentado avança na compreensão de que o campo da Educação em Ciências carece de mais pesquisas e práticas voltadas ao trabalho na perspectiva integrada CTS e Freire, de forma interdisciplinar, no contexto da formação de professores. É possível inferir que o currículo da formação inicial de professores precisa ser revisto, assumindo discussões sobre práticas efetivas e articuladas no que se refere ao trabalho com temas, envolvendo problemas sociais, ligados às temáticas de Ciência e Tecnologia.
ENTREVISTA A: ANTONIO QUINTANA RAMÍREZ
Authors: Jardey Suarez Oscar
Published: May 2023

Antonio Quintana Ramírez (AQR), bogotano, es graduado en Licenciatura en Mecánica Industrial y Dibujo Técnico de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional (UPN), cursó la especialización en Manejo y programación de máquinas con control numérico en el Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje SENA, adelantó su maestría en Tecnologías de la Información Aplicadas a la Educación en la UPN y obtuvo su Doctorado en Educación en la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas (UDFJC).
I, You and The Others, Among Otherness, Diversity and Education
Authors: Tomé José Manuel Salum
Published: May 2023

When you think of the other and the other, they are not due to the same power and hegemonies, and that this other is identified as a face, there is the possibility of guiding behavior or ethics, along the paths of diversity, understood It is like the discovery of diversity and otherness in education, which are the most appropriate ways to understand that the autonomous self, is in debt, under the figure of hostage. Humanity has begun a path which has no possible reserve and this consists in opening, via postmodernity, a type of thought that is capable of generating scenarios of recognition of what is different, as a discovery that benefits everyone and everyone greatly. To propose that otherness is the basis on which diversity is built, is now an open route in education and to travel that makes life more meaningful because of the ethical recognition of the other and the other that will accompany me on a path of history.
A mathematical model of vascular and hemodynamics changes in early and late forms of preeclampsia
Authors: Sedaghati Farbod , Gleason Rudolph L.
Published: April 2023

Preeclampsia–eclampsia syndrome is a leading cause of maternal mortality. The precise etiology of preeclampsia is still not well‐defined and different forms exist, including early and late forms or preeclampsia, which may arise via distinctly different mechanisms. Low‐dose aspirin administered at the end of the first trimester in women identified as high risk has been shown to reduce the incidence of early, but not late, preeclampsia; however, current risk factors show only fair predictive capability. There is a pressing need to develop accurate descriptions for the different forms of preeclampsia. This paper presents 1D fluid, solid, growth, and remodeling models for pregnancies complicated with early and late forms of preeclampsia. Simulations affirm a broad set of literature results that early forms of preeclampsia are characterized by elevated uterine artery pulsatility index (UA‐PI) and total peripheral resistance (TPR) and lower cardiac output (CO), with modestly increased mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) in the first half of pregnancy, with elevation of TPR and MAP beginning at 20 weeks. Conversely, late forms of preeclampsia are characterized by only slightly elevated UA‐PI and normal pre‐term TPR, and slightly elevated MAP and CO throughout pregnancy, with increased TPR and MAP beginning after 34 weeks. Results suggest that preexisting arterial stiffness may be elevated in women that develop both early forms and late forms of preeclampsia; however, data that verify these results are lacking in the literature. Pulse wave velocity increases in early‐ and late‐preeclampsia, coincident with increases in blood pressure; however, these increases are mainly due to the strain‐stiffening response of larger arteries, rather than arterial remodeling‐derived changes in material properties. These simulations affirm that early forms of preeclampsia may be associated with abnormal placentation, whereas late forms may be more closely associated with preexisting maternal cardiovascular factors; simulations also highlight several critical gaps in available data.
The co-crystal structure of etoricoxib–phthalic acid (1/1), C18H15ClN2O2S·C8H6O4
Authors: Ma Yu-Heng , Zhu Miao-Miao , Zhang Chun-Ni , Tang Xiao-Sa , Zhang Wei-Guo , Ma Wen-Jing
Published: April 2023

C18H15ClN2O2S·C8H6O4, triclinic, P

1
‾

$\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 8.4340(17) Å, b = 12.172(2) Å, c = 12.816(3) Å, α = 

89.98

(
3
)

°

$89.98(3){}^{\circ}$

, β = 

77.41

(
3
)

°

$77.41(3){}^{\circ}$

, γ = 

72.52

(
3
)

°

$72.52(3){}^{\circ}$

, V = 1221.7(5) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0482, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1344, T = 293 K.
Verifica di un pregiudizio scettico
Authors: Conte Gian Biagio
Published: April 2023

The author returns to a much debated topic, the so-called “Episode of Helen”, which has come to us only through indirect transmission, and endeavors to dismantle the prejudice against Virgilian authorship. G. P. Goold’s pugnacious intervention, dating back to more than half a century ago, contributed decisively – in fact, more than it should have – to the thesis that the text is spurious. A critical analysis of the text will demonstrate this claim to be groundless while offering arguments that support the authenticity of the episode.
The Helping Dolls: Utilizing Single-Session Therapy With Latinx Clients
Authors: Scaletta Leo , Fuentez Aimee , Silva Stephanie
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this article is to discuss the value of the single-session mindset within the Latinx community. We explore the single-session mindset with a composite case of a middle-aged Latinx woman. The given case was a psychotherapy session at Our Lady of the Lake's community clinic where therapists-in-training are supervised by licensed professionals throughout their masters and doctoral programs. The case illustrates working within a single-session framework guided by solution-focused therapy. Additionally, it demonstrates working with a Latina client and what has been traditionally labeled as “posttraumatic stress disorder” (PTSD). The authors further highlight how peoples’ strengths and resources may be utilized to help the client within a single session. A discussion is presented of how such changes were made possible through the use of cultural humility and the establishment of a strong therapeutic alliance, despite the therapists’ initial concerns that language might pose a barrier.
Narradrama as a Three-Act Play
Authors: Dunne Pamela , Madrigal Renda Dionne , Afary Kamran
Published: May 2023

This qualitative arts-based research aims to provide evidence on the viability of “Narradrama as a Three-Act Play” (NTAP), a group process focusing on the effectiveness of selected interventions as well as on the strength and wisdom gained by participants. NTAP combines narrative therapy and drama therapy as participants explore, develop, and reflect upon preferred roles through a series of exercises in externalization, definitional ceremonies, and witnessing practices. This article builds on earlier research on NTAP with a mostly indigenous group. Lessons learned from the earlier published oral history study were incorporated and applied to the present process of working with a multicultural group of six women aged 32 to 64 years, enrolled in a 7-week workshop. All participants completed the process and the assessment on the viability of NTAP in gaining new insights, wisdom, and strength.
Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptors in the Gustatory Cortex Influence Food Intake
Authors: Dossat Amanda M. , Kokoska Milayna M. , Whitaker-Fornek Jessica R. , Sniffen Sarah E. , Kulkarni Aishwarya S. , Levitt Erica S. , Wesson Daniel W.
Published: May 2023

The gustatory cortex (GC) region of the insular cortex processes taste information in manners important for taste-guided behaviors, including food intake itself. In addition to oral gustatory stimuli, GC activity is also influenced by physiological states including hunger. The specific cell types and molecular mechanisms that provide the GC with such abilities are unclear. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is produced by neurons in the brain, where it can act on GLP-1 receptor-expressing (GLP-1R+) neurons found in several brain regions. In these brain regions, GLP-1R agonism suppresses homeostatic food intake and dampens the hedonic value of food. Here, we report in mice of both sexes that cells within the GC expressGlp1rmRNA and further, byex vivobrain slice recordings, that GC GLP-1R+ neurons are depolarized by the selective GLP-1R agonist, exendin-4. Next we found that chemogenetic stimulation of GLP-1R+ neurons, and also pharmacological stimulation of GC-GLP-1Rs themselves, both reduced homeostatic food intake. When mice were chronically maintained on diets with specific fat contents and then later offered foods with new fat contents, we also found that GLP-1R agonism reduced food intake toward foods with differing fat contents, indicating that GC GLP-1R influences may depend on palatability of the food. Together, these results provide evidence for a specific cell population in the GC that may hold roles in both homeostatic and hedonic food intake.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe present study demonstrates that a population of neurons in the GC region of the insular cortex expresses receptors for GLP-1Rs, these neurons are depolarized by agonism of GLP-1Rs, and GC GLP-1Rs can influence food intake on their activation, including in manners depending on food palatability. This work is significant by adding to our understanding of the brain systems that mediate ingestive behavior, which holds implications for metabolic diseases.
FBXL4 ubiquitin ligase deficiency promotes mitophagy by elevating NIX levels
Authors: Elcocks Hannah , Brazel Ailbhe J , McCarron Katy R , Kaulich Manuel , Husnjak Koraljka , Mortiboys Heather , Clague Michael J , Urbé Sylvie
Published: April 2023

Selective autophagy of mitochondria, mitophagy, is linked to mitochondrial quality control and as such is critical to a healthy organism. We have used a CRISPR/Cas9 approach to screen human E3 ubiquitin ligases for influence on mitophagy under both basal cell culture conditions and upon acute mitochondrial depolarization. We identify two cullin‐RING ligase substrate receptors, VHL and FBXL4, as the most profound negative regulators of basal mitophagy. We show that these converge, albeit via different mechanisms, on control of the mitophagy adaptors BNIP3 and BNIP3L/NIX. FBXL4 restricts NIX and BNIP3 levels via direct interaction and protein destabilization, while VHL acts through suppression of HIF1α‐mediated transcription of BNIP3 and NIX. Depletion of NIX but not BNIP3 is sufficient to restore mitophagy levels. Our study contributes to an understanding of the aetiology of early‐onset mitochondrial encephalomyopathy that is supported by analysis of a disease‐associated mutation. We further show that the compound MLN4924, which globally interferes with cullin‐RING ligase activity, is a strong inducer of mitophagy, thus providing a research tool in this context and a candidate therapeutic agent for conditions linked to mitochondrial dysfunction.
Depósitos de ovicaprinos en ámbito doméstico ibérico. El ejemplo del Poblado de Ca n’Oliver (Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona)
Authors: Albizuri Silvia
Published: April 2023

Los depósitos animales estudiados en el poblado ibérico de Ca n’Oliver (Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona), entre los que predominan los ovicaprinos (Ovis aries y Capra hircus) y en donde gallinas (Gallus gallus) y perros (Canis familiaris) son elementos secundarios, siguen unas pautas estereotipadas que permiten agrupar esta práctica ritual doméstica con otros casos documentados en Cataluña, sobre todo en las zonas del litoral conocidas en las fuentes clásicas como la Laietania y la Cosetania. Documentadas principalmente durante los siglos V y IV a.C., también existen ejemplos hasta el siglo II a.C. La frecuente asociación espacial con inhumaciones humanas infantiles, realizadas bajo el pavimento, obliga a plantear la posible vinculación del sacrificio del animal con ofrendas en la tumba del niño. El aumento del material cerámico de importación que se registra en los yacimientos de la zona del noreste de la Península Ibérica durante este período, plantea la posibilidad de una filiación de la práctica con la norma del sacrificio griego.
СУЧАСНІ ПРІОРИТЕТИ СОЦІАЛЬНОГО РОЗВИТКУ: ВПЛИВ ГЛОБАЛЬНИХ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЙ І ЗАВДАННЯ УКРАЇНИ (ПО)ВОЄННОГО ПЕРІОДУ
Authors: КОСТРИЦЯ Василь , БУРЛАЙ Тетяна
Published: April 2023

Показано особливості формування ключових соціальних пріоритетів держави в умовах поєднання великої кількості економічних і політичних криз каскадного характеру. Розкрито вплив глобальних кризових чинників на перспективи національного соціального розвитку в контексті досягнення Цілей сталого розвиту на період до 2030 року. З урахуванням досвіду таких глобальних криз, як фінансово-економічна криза 2008–2009 рр., «коронакриза» під впливом пандемії COVID-19 і криза, пов’язана з російсько-українською війною, обґрунтовано ключову роль сфери праці та зайнятості в посткризовому відновленні. На прикладі України визначено ключові соціальні пріоритети в ситуації воєнних шоків, зумовлених повномасштабним збройним вторгненням РФ. Показано доцільність для повоєнної України формування національних соціальних пріоритетів і відповідних напрямів державної політики на основі таких сучасних міжнародних підходів: 1) Національної академії соціального страхування (США) – щодо забезпечення соціальних опор економічної безпеки держави і їх фінансової стійкості; 2) Європейського Союзу – щодо реалізації політики соціальної якості й актуалізації моделі соціальної держави. Розроблено і надано рекомендації з формування державної політики України (по)воєнного періоду, спрямованої на забезпечення соціальних опор економічної безпеки та їх фінансової стійкості за такими напрямами державного регулювання: 1) політика у сфері праці та зайнятості; 2) політика соціальних виплат, гарантій і пільг; 3) політика убезпечення індивідуальних доходів; 4) політика соціальної рівності. Для умов повоєнного відновлення України запропоновано розширити теоретичну конструкцію соціальних опор за рахунок додаткової – демографічно-трудової опори економічної безпеки держави.
Communication Experiences of Caregivers Using a Language Other Than English on Inpatient Services
Authors: Maletsky Kristin D. , Worsley Diana , Tran Lopez Kim , Del Valle Mojica Coralee , Ortiz Priscilla , Bonafide Christopher P. , Tenney-Soeiro Rebecca
Published: May 2023

OBJECTIVES

Individuals who prefer to communicate about health care in a language other than English (LOE) experience poorer quality medical care and challenges when communicating with health care providers. The objective of this study was to elucidate how caregivers who prefer an LOE perceive communication with their physicians on an inpatient general pediatrics service.

METHODS

Caregivers of patients admitted to the general pediatrics service at our urban freestanding children’s hospital whose preferred language for medical care was Spanish, Arabic, Brazilian Portuguese, or Mandarin were eligible for this qualitative study. Semistructured interviews using video interpreter services were conducted to explore the participants’ experiences communicating with their physicians. Interview transcripts were analyzed using conventional content analysis.

RESULTS

We interviewed 15 participants representing 7 countries of origin and 4 non-English languages: Spanish, Arabic, Brazilian Portuguese, and Mandarin. Three main domains emerged, including: (1) use of interpreter services, (2) overall communication experience with physician providers, and (3) suggestions for improvement in physician communication. Salient themes included early identification of the need for an interpreter is essential and physicians’ use of body language in combination with an interpreter enhances successful communication.

CONCLUSIONS

This project fills a gap in existing literature by describing the perspectives of caregivers who prefer an LOE, including those speaking languages other than Spanish, as they communicate with inpatient pediatricians. In addition to ensuring appropriate use of interpreter services, physicians can focus on using plain language and gestures during encounters, helping to facilitate communication and provide culturally competent care for this population.
Long-term Adverse Outcomes Associated With Teen Dating Violence: A Systematic Review
Authors: Piolanti Antonio , Waller Franziska , Schmid Iason E. , Foran Heather M.
Published: May 2023

CONTEXT

Evidence suggests that teen dating violence (TDV) is associated with long-term adverse outcomes, but these associations have not been systematically assessed.

OBJECTIVES

To conduct a systematic review of the longitudinal associations between TDV and negative outcomes, including mental and physical health, reoccurrence of violence in intimate relationships, and high-risk behaviors (substance use and sexual behaviors).

DATA SOURCES

Peer-reviewed articles published in English were searched in PsycINFO/Eric/PsycArticles, PubMed, and Web of Science database from inception to November 2022.

STUDY SELECTION

Prospective studies that assessed TDV during adolescence, had a follow-up of at least ≥1 year, and evaluated the associations of TDV with health, violence in romantic intimate relationships, or risk behaviors were included.

DATA EXTRACTION

Study characteristics, baseline data, and follow-up outcomes were extracted from included studies.

RESULTS

Thirty-eight studies involving 23 unique samples were analyzed. Findings showed that TDV in adolescence was associated with future teen dating and intimate partner violence in adulthood. Studies also indicated that TDV was longitudinally associated with increasing high-risk behaviors (ie, marijuana and alcohol use) and poor mental health outcomes (particularly for victimization). There was unclear evidence on the longitudinal link between TDV and suicidal attempts. Significant associations between TDV and negative outcomes were reported more frequently among females compared with males.

LIMITATIONS

Length of follow-up varied across studies.

CONCLUSIONS

Dating violence in adolescence may represent a risk factor for a wide range of long-term outcomes. Female adolescents reporting TDV may be at higher risk of adverse outcomes compared with males.
Family Violence Reduction Within a Parenting Intervention in Rwanda: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Jensen Sarah K.G. , Murray Shauna M. , Placencio-Castro Matias , Kajani Ursula , Amponsah Deborah , Sezibera Vincent , Betancourt Theresa S.
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

A mixed-methods study of mechanisms of change through which a home-visiting-based early childhood development intervention, Sugira Muryango (“strong family”), reduced violent discipline and intimate partner violence in Rwanda.

METHODS

The cluster-randomized trial of Sugira Muryango enrolled socioeconomically vulnerable families with children aged 6 to 36 months in rural Rwanda. We interviewed 18 female caregivers early in the intervention, and 21 female caregivers and 11 male intimate partners were interviewed after the intervention. Coded interviews identify risk factors for violence and mechanisms of intervention-related change in violence. Quantitative analyses included 931 caregivers (52.6% female) who lived with an intimate partner to examine risk factors for violence, intervention effects, and mechanisms of violence reduction.

RESULTS

The qualitative data identified daily hardships and alcohol problems as risk factors for violent discipline and intimate partner violence. Through Sugira Muryango, caregivers learned that strong relationships between partners and engagement of male caregivers in child care has positive impacts on children's development. Techniques taught by community lay workers improved communication, promoted positive parent–child interactions, and reduced intimate partner violence and violent discipline. Quantitative analyses also found that daily hardships predict violent discipline and intimate partner violence. Sugira Muryango reduced violent discipline, increased father engagement, and increased female caregiving warmth. Moreover, pre- to postintervention change in caregiving warmth was associated with reduced use of violent discipline among female caregivers and marginally associated with reduced female victimization.

CONCLUSIONS

Violence reduction can be integrated into early child development programs to reduce violent discipline and intimate partner violence.
The Process of Scaling Early Childhood Violence Prevention Programs in Jamaica
Authors: Baker-Henningham Helen , Bowers Marsha , Francis Taja
Published: May 2023

BACKGROUND

Violence is a global public health problem, and early childhood interventions are a core component of violence prevention programming. Interventions to support parents and teachers of young children can prevent violence against children by caregivers and prevent the early development of antisocial behavior. However, there is limited guidance on how to scale up these programs in low- and middle-income countries.

METHODS

In this article, we describe how we applied implementation science principles in the design, implementation, evaluation, and initial scaling of 2 complementary early childhood, violence prevention, caregiver training programs in Jamaica: the Irie Classroom Toolbox (a teacher-training program) and the Irie Homes Toolbox (a parenting program).

RESULTS

We identified 7 implementation science principles most relevant to our work in scaling the Irie Toolbox programs and describe how these principles were operationalized in the Jamaican context. The principles are: (1) design programs for scale from the outset; (2) use learning cycles for quality improvement; (3) plan strategically for government agency adoption; (4) provide high-quality initial and ongoing training and regular supervision; (5) monitor implementation quality; (6) use flexible delivery modes; and (7) plan for program sustainment.

CONCLUSIONS

Through applying these principles to scale the Irie Toolbox programs, we aim to promote a consistent approach to reducing violence against children, reducing child behavior problems, and increasing caregiver and child competencies across both home and school contexts at the population level. The principles and processes described in this article are relevant to other behavior change interventions in early childhood development, education, and public health.
Utilização de softwares de simulações computacionais para o ensino de estequiometria: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Carvalho Poliana de Sousa , Marçal de Barros Filho Edgar , De Lima Luciana
Published: May 2023

O conteúdo de Estequiometria é fundamental para o entendimento do conhecimento Químico, no entanto, devido sua complexidade e nível de abstração elevado é entendido como de difícil compreensão, o que reforça a importância de o professor buscar e trabalhar com ferramentas de ensino que possam auxiliar no processo de aprendizagem dos estudantes, tais como softwares de simulações computacionais. Diante disso, desenvolveu-se uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura (RSL) com o objetivo de apontar os principais softwares computacionais que são utilizados para ensinar o referido conteúdo. Para tal, criou-se uma string de busca e aplicou em três bases de dados, a saber: Periódicos Capes, IEEE Xplore e ERIC, os trabalhos selecionados foram publicados entre os anos de 2013 a 2021. A revisão permitiu identificar alguns dos softwares utilizados e suas vantagens no ensino de Estequiometria, das quais destaca-se a capacidade de oferecer uma aprendizagem significativa e motivar os estudantes em relação ao conteúdo, além de permitir melhor visualização do que ocorre durante uma reação química, reduzindo assim, seu grau de abstração.
Effect of single and tank-mix of selected herbicides on weed control and yield of lowland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Lafia, Nasarawa State of Nigeria
Authors: Ibrahim A.J. , Jimin A.A.
Published: April 2023

Abstract. A field experiment was conducted in 2018 and 2019 in Lafia, Nigeria to determine the effects of single and tank-mix of seven selected herbicides (bispyribac-sodium; cyhalofop-butyl; penoxsulam; pendimenthalin; propanil; thiobencarb) and their mixtures in lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.). Rice grain yield following the single application of bispyribac-sodium post emergence (POST), cyhalofop-butyl POST and penoxsulam POST averaged 30% and 47% greater than the nontreated control in 2018 and 2019, respectively. The application of cyhalofop-butyl plus bispyribac-sodium or thiobencarb plus bispyribac-sodium POST reduced weed density over nontreated control, ranging 98 to 100% in 2018 compared to 88 – 91% reduction in weed density achieved with the application of cyhalofop-butyl alone and the sequential application of PRE pendimenthalin fb POST propanil. Bispyribac-sodium plus cyhalofop-butyl application resulted in the highest rice yield (5.13 and 5.60 t.ha−1) in 2018 and 2019, respectively. Mixtures of bispyribac–sodium with chyhalofop-butyl showed no injury on rice, whereas increased efficacy on weed control as compared with the single application of bispyribac–sodium. We recommend bispyribac-sodium and tank-mixed combination with cyhalofop-butyl to provide a broad spectrum of weed control in lowland rice system in Nigeria.
The Porta speciosa of Esztergom •
Authors: Takács Imre
Published: April 2023

This essay was carried out in the framework of a research programme (Thesaurus Mediaevalis, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, 2017–2022) funded by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, and deals with one of the most complex but hardly accessible works of the Árpád period, the former main portal of the Esztergom Cathedral, which was decorated with sculptures and inlaid marble images. It was built in the last decade of the 12th century under King Béla III (1172–1196) and survived the Turkish invasion, but its remains were destroyed during the 19th century construction works. Since then, it exists only in textual sources, depictions and museum fragments. The present work aims primarily to collect and catalogue the fragments, but also to examine the structure of this work of exceptional quality, the artistic orientation of its workshop and the content of the images. It examines questions such as the history of the construction of the building, the sculptural quality of the fragments, which European art centres are related to them (including, in addition to the dominant role of the centres in northern Italy, the Byzantine influence conveyed by the various forms of transport), the circumstances under which the artists could have arrived in the Kingdom of Hungary, the inspiration for their art, what their knowledge and the needs of their clients reveal, and whether there were any interruptions, changes of plan or new beginnings during the construction.
Fundamentalizm muzułmański wobec Szatańskich wersetów Salmana Rushdiego
Authors:   Wyższa Szkoła Menedżerska w Warszawie, Jamsheer Hassan A.
Published: April 2023

Salman Rushdie’s book, entitled The Satanic Verses is a contemporary fiction on the life of Indian-born personalities from the Muslim community in England. It includes also reflections on events of early Islam, that have allegedly occurred during the life and mission of Prophet Muhammad. The most important event is connected with the so-called Satanic verses, which were said to be part of the Quranic sura An-Najm (LIII, 19–20): “Have you seen Lat, and Uzza And another, the third [goddess], Manat? they are highly flying swans, Their mediation [between God and man] is desirable”. The last two verses are called in Islamic tradition “satanic”, because they imply Muhammad’s acceptance of polytheism due to some political calculations. Therefore their authenticity is rejected by most interpreters. This as well as many other considerations connected with the mentioned book and author induced the so-called Islamic fundamentalists (together with many Muslims) to describe the book as blasphemous. The article is an attempt to present Salman Rushdie’s book and its dimensions for Islamic traditional thought – against the background of documented disputes, in addition to the background of the question of the dialogue of civilisations.