bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Case Article—Process Control and Design of Experiments/ANOVA
Authors: Mirchandani Prakash
Published: October 2013

Process control and design of experiments are two important concepts that business students must learn, as a proper usage of these techniques can have a significant impact on a firm's bottom line. Moreover, these ideas can be successfully used in a variety of application contexts: Process control applications range from the manufacturing of automobiles to the management of call centers, whereas design of experiments is used for process, product, and policy design. This set of two cases discusses operational improvement initiatives using these methods at a fictitious semiconductor manufacturing company that is being pressured by one of its major customers to improve quality. The first of the two cases covers process control charts, process capability, and a trade-off analysis between product quality improvement and new equipment leasing costs. The second case covers design of experiments and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Both cases require hands-on analysis and can be used in both undergraduate and graduate business programs.

Case Teaching Note: Interested Instructors please see the Instructor Materials page for access to the restricted materials. To maintain the integrity and usefulness of cases published in ITE, unapproved distribution of the case teaching notes and other restricted materials to any other party is prohibited.
Case Article—Vermillion OVA1 Test
Authors: Tilson Vera
Published: October 2013

Tying classroom material to current business events helps motivate and engage students. It also exposes them to examples of how to apply what they learn in practice. We present an example of how, in a course on modeling with spreadsheets, we used or article in The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) about approval of a medical test as the basis for an exercise on conditional probabilities, conflicting objectives, and the value of information. We present the plan of the discussion followed in class and the exercises assigned to students to help them understand the concepts. We use spreadsheet functions and tools new to many of our students, in particular, lookup functions and tools for sensitivity analysis. We also demonstrate how to create and interpret a tornado chart. We believe that examining the WSJ article in detail has value because it allows students to solidify their understanding of conditional probabilities and spreadsheet modeling and also gives them an appreciation of the complexities and the balancing of multiple perspectives in medical decision making.

Case Teaching Note: Interested Instructors please see the Instructor Materials page for access to the restricted materials. To maintain the integrity and usefulness of cases published in ITE, unapproved distribution of the case teaching notes and other restricted materials to any other party is prohibited.
Equilibrium Discovery and Preopening Mechanisms in an Experimental Market
Authors: Biais Bruno , Bisière Christophe , Pouget Sébastien
Published: October 2013

We experimentally analyze how to design preopening mechanisms facilitating coordination on high equilibrium liquidity and gains from trade. We allow a call auction to be preceded by a preopening or not, preopening orders to be binding or not, and the opening time to be deterministic or random. When the preopening is nonbinding, traders place manipulative orders, reducing the credibility of preplay communication. Random market opening deters manipulation, but also hinders communication by making it costly. Gains from trade are maximized when preopening orders are binding. This enables some traders to place early limit orders, attracting further liquidity.

Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2013.1787 .

This paper was accepted by Wei Xiong, finance.
Truthful Generalized Assignments via Stable Matching
Authors: Chen Ning , Gravin Nick , Lu Pinyan
Published: October 2013

In the generalized assignment problem (gap), a set of jobs seek to be assigned to a set of machines. For every job-machine pair, there are a specific value and an accommodated capacity for the assignment. The objective is to find an assignment that maximizes the total sum of values given that the capacity constraint of every machine is satisfied.

The gap is a classic optimization problem and has been studied extensively from the algorithmic perspective. Dughmi and Ghosh [Dughmi S, Ghosh A (2010) Truthful assignment without money. ACM Conf. Electronic Commerce (ACM, New York), 325–334.] proposed the game theoretical framework in which every job is owned by a selfish agent who aims to maximize the value of his own assignment. They gave a logarithmic approximation truthful in expectation mechanism and left open the problem whether there exists a truthful mechanism with a constant approximation factor. In this paper, we give an affirmative answer to this question and provide a constant approximation mechanism that enjoys a stronger incentive property of universal truthfulness than that of truthfulness in expectation.

Our mechanism is inspired by stable matching, which is a fundamental solution concept in the context of matching marketplaces. The mechanism uses a stable matching algorithm as a critical component and adopts other approaches like random sampling.
Single-Car Routing in Rail Freight Transport
Authors: Fügenschuh Armin , Homfeld Henning , Schülldorf Hanno
Published: October 2013

Single cars in rail freight service are bundled into trains at classification yards. On the way from their respective origins via intermediate yards to their destinations, they are reclassified several times, which is a time-consuming and personally consuming procedure. The single-car routing problem asks for the design of such routes for a given set of orders (origin-destination pairs with associated data) on an infrastructure network, such that the number of trains and their travel distances are minimal. A number of hard restrictions must be obeyed, such as restrictions for the train length and weight, and capacity restrictions for the yards, as well as further operational rules. We present a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) formulation for this car-routing problem arising at Deutsche Bahn, one of the largest European railway companies. In a further step, we refine the handling of the turnover waiting time for the cars in the yards, which leads to the inclusion of nonlinear constraints in the model. Using adequate linearization techniques, this model can be reduced to a MILP again. Instances of this model turn out to be hard to solve. Further techniques are thus presented to speed up the numerical solution process, among them a tree-based reformulation and heuristic cuts. The different model formulations are computationally compared on a test set of randomly generated instances whose sizes are comparable to real-world instances. Using state-of-the-art MILP solvers, optimal or near-optimal solutions can be computed within a reasonable time frame.
Dalfampridine-Induced Seizures; Efavirenz-Induced Hypersomnolence Leading to Coma and Death; Cerebral Toxoplasmosis with Rituximab; Torsades de Pointes after Low-Dose Aripiprazole; Atypical Antipsychotic-Induced Sleepwalking
Authors: Mancano Michael A.
Published: October 2013

The purpose of this feature is to heighten awareness of specific adverse drug reactions (ADRs), discuss methods of prevention, and promote reporting of ADRs to the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA's) MedWatch program (800-FDA-1088). If you have reported an interesting, preventable ADR to MedWatch, please consider sharing the account with our readers.
Metformin: Prevention and Treatment of Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain
Authors: Generali Joyce A. , Cada Dennis J.
Published: October 2013

This Hospital Pharmacy feature is extracted from Off-Label Drug Facts, a publication available from Wolters Kluwer Health. Off-Label Drug Facts is a practitioner-oriented resource for information about specific drug uses that are unapproved by the US Food and Drug Administration. This new guide to the literature enables the health care professional or clinician to quickly identify published studies on off-label uses and determine if a specific use is rational in a patient care scenario. References direct the reader to the full literature for more comprehensive information before patient care decisions are made. Direct questions or comments regarding Off-Label Drug Uses to jgeneral@ku.edu .
Approvals, Submission, and Important Labeling Changes for US Marketed Pharmaceuticals
Authors: Baker Danial E.
Published: October 2013

This monthly feature will help readers keep current on new drugs, new indications, dosage forms, and safety-related changes in labeling or use. Efforts have been made to ensure the accuracy of this information; however, if there are any questions, please let me know at danial.baker@wsu.edu .
Potential Uses of Google Glass in the Pharmacy
Authors: Fox Brent I. , Felkey Bill G.
Published: October 2013

Technology companies are in a constant battle for consumers’ interest in their products. This leads to rapid change and innovation. Google Glass is a recent innovation that will soon be available to the general public. In this article, we briefly describe our experiences with Google Glass and suggest ways we think it can be used in the hospital pharmacy setting.
La base electoral de Obama, redes sociales virtuales y reales: los casos de generation engage y moms for Obama
Authors: González José Luis
Published: October 2013

Después de un año de la victoria electoral de Barack Obama, el actual presidente de los Estados Unidos mantiene unas cotas de popularidad muy elevadas, máxime si tenemos en cuenta la actual coyuntura de crisis que afecta de manera frontal a los Estados Unidos. El presente artículo, a partir del estudio de un estado concreto: Carolina del Norte, explica cuáles son las bases sobre las que se sustenta dicho apoyo, bases que tienen que ver con un trabajo realizado desde las elecciones primarias del Partido Demócrata y que se sustentan en un adecuado uso de las redes sociales, tanto virtuales como reales. Para demostrar esta hipótesis, se muestran los resultados de un vasto trabajo de campo realizado, fundamentalmente con dos redes que han centrado sus esfuerzos en afianzar el voto joven y el voto femenino: "Generation Engage‟ y "Mom for Obama‟.
Mejorar la información: uso del lenguaje publicitario en las noticias audiovisuales
Authors: Bandrés Goldáraz Elena
Published: October 2013

La televisión es el medio preferido por el 89% del público español para obtener información, pero el nivel de compresión y de recuerdo de las noticias escuchadas queda en entredicho, ya que los espectadores sólo recuerdan uno de cada tres datos emitidos en condiciones ideales de percepción. Con el fin de mejorar el grado de percepción de las noticias, proponemos aplicar algunas de las técnicas del lenguaje publicitario a la redacción de aquel género informativo.Estas técnicas complementarían las ya utilizadas para la redacción de noticias que, según se desprende del grado de percepción demostrado por el público espectador, pueden ser insuficientes para la retención y comprensión de la información. Somos conscientes de que unir la creación publicitaria a la creación periodística en televisión puede convertirse en una estrategia peligrosa. Acotando bien cada campo, pretendemos mejorar el lenguaje informativo en un medio que, a pesar de que se ha desarrollado técnicamente de forma vertiginosa, en lo relativo al lenguaje utilizado, sin embargo, dicha evolución, a nuestro juicio, está por llegar. Para ello analizamos la técnica publicitaria en cuanto a la creación del mensaje y su eficacia y demostramos que existen campos compartidos entre la publicidad y la creación de noticias en televisión.
Lukisan Peleburan Cinta yang Erotik: Puisi Sufi di antara Estetika dan Etika Cinta Ilahiyah
Authors: Wachid B.S. Abdul
Published: October 2013

The ecstatic experience of a Sufi often drives him or her to producing such unusual sayings ordinarily called as shathiyya, which are sometimes problematic for common people. This is due to the fact that the expressions are not in common language; they are articulated in “the language of heart”, which is figurative and symbolic, since they state conative experiences. In this regard, love poems with their erotic expressions are chosen as a media for a Sufi’s reflection. In addition, the writer discusses the rationale of Sufis in connection with their erotic-love poetic illustrations. Some poems of Sufi Poets, such as those of Sana’i, Rabi‘a al-Adawiyya, Sa‘di, Jami‘,and Amir Hamzah, are elaborated for a further appreciation of the Sufis’ shathiyya.
Book Review: Islam Politik, Teori Gerakan Sosial, dan Pencarian Model Pengkajian Islam Baru Lintas-Disiplin
Authors: Hasan Noorhaidi
Published: October 2013

Sejak revolusi Iran meletus tahun 1979, perhatian para sarjana terhadap gejolak Islam politik yang terjadi di berbagai belahan dunia Islam terus meningkat. Revolusi ini tak hanya mengirimkan sinyal kekuatan nyata Islam politik, tetapi sekaligus mentransformasikan mimpi dan menyediakan blueprint bagi pendirian negara Islam. Memang, dunia Islam pasca-revolusi Iran menyaksikan letupan-letupan demonstrasi dan gairah menggebu-gebu menuntut reposisi peran Islam di dalam lanskap politik kenegaraan. Islam ditegaskan bukan sekadar agama, tapi juga ideologi politik. Dengan dasar ideologi tersebut negara Islam, atau setidaknya masyarakat Muslim yang taat syariah, dapat dibangun. Dibingkai dalam slogan kembali kepada apa yang dipahami sebagai model Islam yang murni–Quran, sunnah Nabi, dan praktik-praktik generasi awal Muslim—tuntutan itu mengejawantah ke dalam berbagai dimensi, dari penegasan identitas parokhial sampai usaha merekonstruksi masyarakat atas dasar prinsip-prinsip keislaman.
Unquestioned Gender Lens in Contemporary Indonesian Shari‘ah-Ordinances (Perda Syariah)
Authors: Candraningrum Dewi
Published: October 2013

Indonesian muslim participation in the democratic arena is now contested with the arrival of the decentralization process in 423 districts since 1992. The most notable movement is the quest for Islamic identity in the rejuvenation of Shari ‘ah Ordinances which is interpreted symbolically and transcripturally. These ordinances have unrecognized the importance of gender lens in its practice. Until the end of 2007 no less than 63 districts have ratified Perda Syari’ah. In general, these ordinances designed to govern three aspects of public life, namely (1) to eradicate social crimes especially prostitutions and gambling; (2) to enforce ritual observances among Muslims such as reading the Qur’an, Friday congregations and fasting during Ramadan; and (3) to govern the way people dress up in public sphere especially the head-veiling for women. Although Islam is the religion of the majority there are also non-muslim among Indonesian and institutionally Indonesia is not an Islamic state, therefore the ratification of Perda Syari’ah betrayed national consensus agreed upon by the founding fathers of the republic.
Governing Hajj: Politics of Islamic Pilgrimage Services in Indonesia Prior to Reformasi Era
Authors: Ichwan Moch Nur
Published: October 2013

This article highlights that the hajj (Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca) involves not only religious devotion, but also religious tourism and its associated business, necessary to deal with massive parties of pilgrims, embracing trans-national relations, central and local governments, flight and other travel agencies, pilgrimage guidance units, catering agencies and hotels to the pilgrims themselves in its scope. The aim of this article is to analyse the politics of hajj services, which was carried out mainly through the placing of this pilgrimage under government control, leading to the assumption of its monopoly by the government during the New Order period. Although it will focus on Soeharto period, there will be some discussions on this subject during the colonial and early post-colonial periods to trace the genealogy of government control of hajj pilgrimage (and ‘umrah, known also as ‘small hajj’), especially during the New Order.  The author argues that the complexities of hajj (and ‘umrah) services were not so much caused by religious aspect but rather by political and economic motives.
The History of Jama‘ah Tabligh in Southeast Asia: The Role of Islamic Sufism in Islamic Revival
Authors: Bustamam-Ahmad Kamaruzzaman
Published: October 2013

The article examines the history of Jama‘ah Tabligh in Southeast Asia, especially in Kuala Lumpur and Aceh. The author traces the historical background of this religious movement with particular reference to the birth place of Jama‘ah Tabligh , India. The author investigates the major role of Indian in disseminating Islam in Southeast Asia, especially in Malaysia and Indonesia. Many scholars believe that Islam came to Southeast Asia from India (Gujarat), and this is the reason why many Islamic traditions in this region were influenced by Indian culture. However, to analyze Islamic movement in Southeast Asia one should take into consideration the Middle East context in which various Islamic movements flourished. Unlike many scholars who believe that the spirit of revivalism or Islamic modernism in Southeast Asia was more influenced by Islam in the Middle East than Indian, the author argues that the influence of Indian Muslim in Southeast Asia cannot be neglected, particularly in the case of Jama‘ah Tabligh.
Conservative Islam Turn or Popular Islam? an Analysis of the Film Ayat-ayat Cinta
Authors: Hakim Lukman
Published: October 2013

This paper offers a film and cultural studies analysis of the Indonesian religious film Ayat-ayat Cinta. It examines the way in which the film represents Islam in the context of the globalisation of the media industry, the wider cultural transformation and religious context in Indonesia. This paper argues that the film Ayat-ayat Cinta represents “popular Islam”, which resulted from the interaction between the santri religious variants and the film industry, capitalism, market forces and popular culture in Indonesia. Santri religious variants in this film are rooted in traditionalist, fundamentalist, modernist, and liberal Islam in Indonesia, and those Islamic groups which have undergone a process of conformity with capitalism and popular culture. As a result, the representation of Islam in this film is pluralist, tolerant, and fashionable.
Islam in Provincial Indonesia: Middle Class, Lifestyle, and Democracy
Authors: Hasan Noorhaidi
Published: October 2013

Islamic symbols have flourished in the public spaces of Indonesian provincial towns after Suharto. This phenomenon has occurred in parallel with the  significant shifts in the social, economic and political fields, which is tied to the mounting impact of Islamization, social mobility, economic growth, and democratization occurring among town people. It is as if we see a parallel move between Islamization, modernization, globalization and democratization. Key concepts associated with these trends are appropriated with those rooted in tradition and local culture to inform the whole dynamics of Indonesian provincial towns today. The key player in this process is the new middle class, who look to Islam for inspiration both to claim distinction and social status and to legitimize their consumptive lifestyle. They are newly pious who act as active negotiators between the global and the local as well as the cosmopolitan centre and the hinterland. They also play a pivotal role as an agency that liberalizes religion from its traditionally subservient, passive and docile posture by turning it into a source of moral legitimacy and distinction to represent a modern form of life. Given its intimate relationship with locality, tradition, modernity as well as globalization, Islam has increasingly assumed a greater importance for local politics. Political elites have used Islamic symbols for the instrumental purpose of extending their political legitimacy and mobilizing constituency support, in a political environment of open competition and increased public participation in decision making. In this process religious symbols have irrefutably been distanced from their religious moorings and narrow, Islamist understandings, in favor of pragmatic political purposes.
Declarations and the Indonesian Constitution on Religious Freedom
Authors: Binawan Alexius Andang L.
Published: October 2013

One of controversial issues in Indonesia regarding human rights is concerning religious freedom. There were two contradict opinions on the issue, i.e. those who preferred Indonesia as an Islamic state, with a consequence that there is only very limited religious freedom and those who preferred secular state with a wider religious freedom. Though finally Indonesia adopted Pancasila (five pillars) as the state ideology, as a mid-way between the two, final agreement on the problem is from being finalised as debates are still carried out. This paper is aimed at analysing how and where the ‘pendulum’ is swinging between two contrasting views since Indonesia has signed both the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and also the Cairo Declaration of Human Rights. I argue that during the New Order Indonesia, the pendulum on religious freedom swung closer to Islamic view.[Salah satu isu terkait Hak Asasi Manusia di Indonesia adalah mengenai kebebasan agama. Setidaknya ada dua cara pandang yang saling bertentangan, yaitu (1) yang menghendaki bentuk negara Islam, konsekuensinya adalah kebebasan agama sangatlah terbatas, dan (2) yang menginginkan negara sekuler yang mengindikasikan kebebasan agama lebih luas. Indonesia mengadopsi Pancasila sebagai ideologi negara dan sebagai jalan tengah antara kubu negara Islam dan sekuler, namun perdebatan mengenai bentuk negara tersebut terus saja bergulir. Artikel ini menganalisis bagaimana dan ke mana ‘pendulum’ bergerak di antara dua pandangan yang saling bertentangan di atas. Semasa Orde Baru, pendulum tersebut condong ke kubu Islam.]
Wahhabism, Identity, and Secular Ritual: Graduation at an Indonesian High School
Authors: Rohmaniyah Inayah , Woodward Mark
Published: October 2013

This paper concerns the social and ritual construction of social identities at Pondok Pesantren Madrasah Wathoniyah Islamiyah (PPMWI), a theologically Wahhabi oriented pesantren (traditional Islamic school) in Central Java, Indonesia. We focus on the inter-play of religious and secular symbols in the school’s graduation ceremonies (wisuda) for secondary school students and the ways it contributes to the construction of individual and social identities. Our analysis builds on Turner’s studies of the processual logic of rites of passage, Moore and Meyerhoff’s distinction between religious and secular ritual and Tambiah’s application of the Piercian concept of indexical symbols to the analysis of ritual. Theoretically we will be concerned with ritual, cognitive and social processes involved in the construction of religious identities. Empirically, we critique the common assumption that Salafi, and more specifically, Wahhabi, religious teachings contribute to the construction of exclusivist identities, social conflict and violence. In the case we are concerned with, religious tolerance and non-violence are among the defining features of Wahhabi identity.[Tulisan membahas konstruksi identitas ritual dan sosial pada sebuah pesantren yang berorientasi teologi Wahhabi, yaitu Pondok Pesantren Madrasah Wathoniyah Islamiyah (PPMWI). Diskusi akan difokuskan pada saling silang simbol-simbol agama dan sekuler dalam peringatan wisuda siswa menengah pertama serta signifikansinya dalam konstruksi identitas sosial dan individual. Analisis tulisan ini berdasarkan studi Turner mengenai logika proses dalam daur ritus (the processual logic of rites of passage), pembagian ritual agama dan sekuler oleh Moore dan Meyerhoff serta konsep Piercian mengenai indek simbolis dalam ritual oleh Tambiah. Secara teoritis, artikel ini akan mendiskusikan ritual, kognisi, dan proses sosial yang menjadi bagian dalam konstruksi identitas agama. Selain itu, penulis juga melakukan kritik terhadap pandangan umum mengenai Wahhabi yang dituduh sebagai identitas ekslusif, biang-kerok konflik sosial dan kekerasan. Penulis menemukan sebaliknya, bahwa toleransi antar agama dan anti-kekerasan adalah salah satu ciri identitas Wahhabi.]
Paving the Way for Interreligious Dialogue, Tolerance, and Harmony: Following Mukti Ali’s Path
Authors: Ismail Faisal
Published: October 2013

A known Indonesian Muslim scholar Mukti Ali (1923-2004) was very much concerned with dialogue, tolerance, and harmony among the people of different traditions, cultures, and religions. In his many academic works, he stressesed the importance of promoting, strengthening, and maintaining intercultural and interreligious dialogue, tolerance, and harmony. Not only did he produce various academic works, but also made efforts in putting his intercultural and interreligious ideas into practice. Both as a scholar and expert in the comparative study of religions and as Minister of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia (1971-1978), Mukti Ali endlessly promoted intercultural and interreligiuos diologue, tolerance, and harmony. Realizing that Indonesia is a pluralistic society, Mukti Ali adopted an approach called ‘agree in disagreement’ in the effort of creating and supporting tolerance, harmony, and security among people of different religious traditions. This paper will highlight the principles and values which Mukti Ali struggled for during his long administrative and academic careers.[Mukti Ali (1923-2004) adalah salah seorang intelektual Muslim ternama di Indonesia. Dia dedikasikan hidupnya untuk menyemai dialog, toleransi dan kehidupan harmonis antar tradisi, budaya dan agama yang beragam. Dalam berbagai karya akademiknya, Mukti Ali selalu menekankan pentingnya kehidupan harmonis dan toleransi antar pemeluk agama dan budaya. Lebih dari itu, dia melampaui hanya sekedar batas pemikiran dengan mengimplementasikan gagasan-gagasannya tersebut. Sebagai seorang ilmuwan dengan keahlian perbandingan agama dan sebagai Menteri Agama RI (1971-1978), Mukti Ali dengan kukuh memperjuangkan dialog, toleransi dan kehidupan harmonis antar agama dan budaya. Mukti Ali sadar, Indonesia adalah negara yang plural, karena itu dia menawarkan pendekatan “agree in disagreement” untuk menciptakan harmoni dan toleransi tersebut. Tulisan ini mengulas prinsip dan nilai yang diperjuangkan Mukti Ali selama karir akademiknya dan sebagai Menteri Agama.]
Piety, Politics, and Post-Islamism: Dhikr Akbar in Indonesia
Authors: Hasan Noorhaidi
Published: October 2013

Dhikr akbar has developed into a performance that provides the opportunity for the sharing of political ideas, thus helping to constitute and negotiate a new public sphere. It is one of the most remarkable developments in the public visibility of Islam in post-Suharto Indonesia. Involving reflexive actions which are significant in the construction of personal and social identity, the dhikr akbar has the ability to silently invoke relations, actions, symbols, meanings and codes, and also to bind in one symbolic package changing roles, statues, social structures and ethical and legal rules. An active religiosity which takes the form of peaceful, esoteric expressions, the dhikr akbar represents a new sense of piety. To some extent, it can be conceptualized as an alternative to religious fundamentalism, an outward-oriented activism tempted to change the society or existing system with one based on religion. Normally performed in a cultural space which attracts public esteem, it serves as a concentrated moment of communality and expression of a community’s faith and, at the same time, a means of empowering political, social and economic networks.

[Dhikr Akbar berkembang menjadi ‘panggung’ di mana gagasan politik dapat disemai, karena itu berperan dalam mengokohkan dan menegosiasi ruang publik baru. Dhikr Akbar adalah salah satu bentuk ritual Islam di ruang publik yang berkembang pasca Orde Baru. Melalui aktifitas reflektif yang berperan dalam pembentukan identitas personal dan sosial, dhikr akbar mampu memunculkan relasi, aksi, simbol, makna, dan kode, sekaligus untuk mempertemukan kesemuanya dalam satu bentuk simbol peran yang berubah, status, struktur sosial, dan etika serta aturan hukum.  Sebagai satu bentuk religiusitas aktif yang berbentuk corak Islam yang tenang  dan berorientasi pada dimensi dalam-esoteris, dhikr akbar dapat disebut pula sebagai satu bentuk kesalehan baru. Bentuk kesalehan dapat juga merupakan bentuk keagamaan yang berbeda dengan fundamentalisme, yang berorientasi pada aktifisme dimensi luar dengan tujuan merubah masyarakat atau sistem yang berlaku dengan sistem yang dianggap Islami. Dhikr akbar yang biasanya diselenggarakan di ruang budaya menarik perhatian masyarakat. Kegiatan ini menjadi aktifitas yang mampu menyatukan komunalitas dan ekspresi agama serta pada saat yang sama, mempertemukan jaringan politik, sosial, dan ekonomi.
Crosstalk of lipid and protein homeostasis to maintain membrane function
Authors: Stordeur Claudius , Puth Kristina , Sáenz James P. , Ernst Robert
Published: October 2013

Biological membranes are a defining feature of cellular life. They serve as selective diffusion barriers, compartmentalize biochemical processes and protect the cellular milieu. We are only beginning to understand the principles underlying their homeostasis and the functional relevance of their complex compositions. Here, we summarize some recent evidences that suggest an intense crosstalk between the pathways of protein quality control and lipid homeostasis. We discuss paradigms of lipid regulation by protein degradation machineries and highlight the intricate connections between lipid droplet morphology, membrane biogenesis and ER-stress.
Noninner automorphisms of order p for finite p-groups of coclass 2
Authors: Abdollahi Alireza , Ghoraishi Seyed Mohsen , Guerboussa Yassine , Reguiat Miloud , Wilkens Bettina
Published: October 2013

Every finite p-group of coclass 2 has a noninner automorphism of order p leaving the center elementwise fixed.
Affective Modulation of Cognitive Control is Determined by Performance-Contingency and Mediated by Ventromedial Prefrontal and Cingulate Cortex
Authors: Braem Senne , King Joseph A. , Korb Franziska M. , Krebs Ruth M. , Notebaert Wim , Egner Tobias
Published: October 2013

Cognitive control requires a fine balance between stability, the protection of an on-going task-set, and flexibility, the ability to update a task-set in line with changing contingencies. It is thought that emotional processing modulates this balance, but results have been equivocal regarding the direction of this modulation. Here, we tested the hypothesis that a crucial determinant of this modulation is whether affective stimuli represent performance-contingent or task-irrelevant signals. Combining functional magnetic resonance imaging with a conflict task-switching paradigm, we contrasted the effects of presenting negative- and positive-valence pictures on the stability/flexibility trade-off in humans, depending on whether picture presentation was contingent on behavioral performance. Both the behavioral and neural expressions of cognitive control were modulated by stimulus valence and performance contingency: in the performance-contingent condition, cognitive flexibility was enhanced following positive pictures, whereas in the nonperformance-contingent condition, positive stimuli promoted cognitive stability. The imaging data showed that, as anticipated, the stability/flexibility trade-off per se was reflected in differential recruitment of dorsolateral frontoparietal and striatal regions. In contrast, the affective modulation of stability/flexibility shifts was mirrored, unexpectedly, by neural responses in ventromedial prefrontal and posterior cingulate cortices, core nodes of the “default mode” network. Our results demonstrate that the affective modulation of cognitive control depends on the performance contingency of the affect-inducing stimuli, and they document medial default mode regions to mediate the flexibility-promoting effects of performance-contingent positive affect, thus extending recent work that recasts these regions as serving a key role in on-task control processes.
Alpha 2B Adrenoceptor Genotype Moderates Effect of Reboxetine on Negative Emotional Memory Bias in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Gibbs Ayana A. , Bautista Carla E. , Mowlem Florence D. , Naudts Kris H. , Duka Theodora
Published: October 2013

Evidence suggests that emotional memory plays a role in the pathophysiology of depression/anxiety disorders. Noradrenaline crucially modulates emotional memory. Genetic variants involved in noradrenergic signaling contribute to individual differences in emotional memory and vulnerability to psychopathology. A functional deletion polymorphism in the α-2B adrenoceptor gene (ADRA2B) has been linked to emotional memory and post-traumatic stress disorder. The noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor reboxetine attenuates enhanced memory for negative stimuli in healthy and depressed individuals. We examined whether the effect of reboxetine on emotional memory in healthy individuals would be moderated byADRA2Bgenotype.ADRA2Bdeletion carriers demonstrated enhanced emotional memory for negative stimuli compared with deletion noncarriers, consistent with prior studies. Reboxetine attenuated enhanced memory for negative stimuli in deletion noncarriers but had no significant effect in deletion carriers. This is the first demonstration of genetic variation influencing antidepressant drug effects on emotional processing in healthy humans.
Activation of Axonal Receptors by GABA Spillover Increases Somatic Firing
Authors: Pugh Jason R. , Jahr Craig E.
Published: October 2013

Axons can be depolarized by ionotropic receptors and transmit subthreshold depolarizations to the soma by passive electrical spread. This raises the possibility that axons and axonal receptors can participate in integration and firing in neurons. Previously, we have shown that exogenous GABA depolarizes cerebellar granule cell axons through local activation of GABAAreceptors (GABAARs) and the soma through electrotonic spread of the axonal potential resulting in increased firing. We show here that excitability of granule cells is also increased by release of endogenous GABA from molecular layer interneurons (MLIs) and spillover activation of parallel fiber GABAARs in mice and rats. Changes in granule cell excitability were assessed by excitability testing after activation of MLIs with channelrhodopsin or electrical stimulation in the molecular layer. In granule cells lacking an axon, excitability was not changed, suggesting that axonal receptors are required. To determine the distance over which subthreshold potentials may spread, we estimated the effective axonal electrical length constant (520 μm) by excitability testing and focal uncaging of RuBi–GABA on the axon at varying distances from the soma. These data suggest that GABAAR-mediated axonal potentials can participate in integration and firing of cerebellar granule cells.
Mechanisms Underlying the Rules for Associative Plasticity at Adult Human Neocortical Synapses
Authors: Verhoog Matthijs B. , Goriounova Natalia A. , Obermayer Joshua , Stroeder Jasper , Hjorth J. J. Johannes , Testa-Silva Guilherme , Baayen Johannes C. , de Kock Christiaan P. J. , Meredith Rhiannon M. , Mansvelder Huibert D.
Published: October 2013

The neocortex in our brain stores long-term memories by changing the strength of connections between neurons. To date, the rules and mechanisms that govern activity-induced synaptic changes at human cortical synapses are poorly understood and have not been studied directly at a cellular level. Here, we made whole-cell recordings of human pyramidal neurons in slices of brain tissue resected during neurosurgery to investigate spike timing-dependent synaptic plasticity in the adult human neocortex. We find that human cortical synapses can undergo bidirectional modifications in strength throughout adulthood. Both long-term potentiation and long-term depression of synapses was dependent on postsynaptic NMDA receptors. Interestingly, we find that human cortical synapses can associate presynaptic and postsynaptic events in a wide temporal window, and that rules for synaptic plasticity in human neocortex are reversed compared with what is generally found in the rodent brain. We show this is caused by dendritic L-type voltage-gated Ca2+channels that are prominently activated during action potential firing. Activation of these channels determines whether human synapses strengthen or weaken. These findings provide a synaptic basis for the timing rules observed in human sensory and motor plasticityin vivo, and offer insights into the physiological role of L-type voltage-gated Ca2+channels in the human brain.
3-M syndrome: a growth disorder associated with IGF2 silencing
Authors: Murray P G , Hanson D , Coulson T , Stevens A , Whatmore A , Poole R L , Mackay D J , Black G C M , Clayton P E
Published: October 2013

3-M syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterised by pre- and post-natal growth restriction, facial dysmorphism, normal intelligence and radiological features (slender long bones and tall vertebral bodies). It is known to be caused by mutations in the genes encoding cullin 7, obscurin-like 1 and coiled-coil domain containing 8. The mechanisms through which mutations in these genes impair growth are unclear. The aim of this study was to identify novel pathways involved in the growth impairment in 3-M syndrome. RNA was extracted from fibroblast cell lines derived from four 3-M syndrome patients and three control subjects, hybridised to Affymetrix HU 133 plus 2.0 arrays with quantitative real-time PCR used to confirm changes found on microarray. IGF-II protein levels in conditioned cell culture media were measured by ELISA. Of the top 10 downregulated probesets, three represented IGF2 while H19 was identified as the 23rd most upregulated probeset. QRT-PCR confirmed upregulation of H19 (P<0.001) and downregulation of IGF2 (P<0.001). Levels of IGF-II secreted into conditioned cell culture medium were higher for control fibroblasts than those for 3-M fibroblasts (10.2±2.9 vs 0.6±0.9 ng/ml, P<0.01). 3-M syndrome is associated with a gene expression profile of reduced IGF2 expression and increased H19 expression similar to that found in Silver–Russell syndrome. Loss of autocrine IGF-II in the growth plate may be associated with the short stature seen in children with 3-M syndrome.
Impact of Molecular Alterations and Targeted Therapy in Appendiceal Adenocarcinomas
Authors: Raghav Kanwal P.S. , Shetty Aditya V. , Kazmi Syed M.A. , Zhang Nianxiang , Morris Jeffrey , Taggart Melissa , Fournier Keith , Royal Richard , Mansfield Paul , Eng Cathy , Wolff Robert A. , Overman Michael J.
Published: October 2013

Background.

Appendiceal adenocarcinomas (AAs) are rare and this has limited their molecular understanding. The purpose of our study was to characterize the molecular profile of AA and explore the role of targeted therapy against cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR).

Patients and Methods.

We performed a retrospective review of 607 patients with AA at a single institution. A total of 149 patients underwent molecular testing for at least one of the following: activating mutations in KRAS, BRAF, cKIT, EGFR, or PI3K; protein expression of c-KIT or COX-2; or microsatellite instability (MSI) status by immunohistochemistry. Kaplan-Meier product limit method and log-rank test were used to estimate overall survival (OS) and to determine associations among OS, COX-2 expression, KRAS mutations, and other characteristics.

Results.

Age, grade, stage, signet ring cells, mucinous histology, and completeness of cytoreduction score correlated with survival outcomes. COX-2 expression, KRAS, PI3K, and BRAF mutations were seen in 61%, 55%, 17%, and 4% of patients, respectively. High MSI was seen in 6% of patients. KRAS mutation was strongly associated with well differentiated or moderately differentiated AA (p < .01). COX-2 expression (p = .33) and the presence of KRAS mutation (p = .91) had no impact on OS. The use of celecoxib in patients whose tumors expressed COX-2 (p = .84) and the use of cetuximab or panitumumab in patients with KRAS wild-type tumors (p = .83) also had no impact on OS.

Conclusion.

In this cohort, we demonstrated that COX-2 expression and KRAS mutations were frequently seen in AA, although neither exhibited any prognostic significance. MSI was infrequent in AA. Targeted therapy against COX-2 and EGFR appeared to provide no clinical benefit. Well and moderately differentiated AA were molecularly distinct from poorly differentiated AA.
Review of food waste prevention on an international level
Authors: Schneider Felicitas
Published: October 2013

Research on food waste is a topic of paramount significance, which is also reflected in a growing number of reports and scientific papers published online as well as in scientific journals. The aim of the present paper is to summarise published, international research on food waste prevention with respect to different countries and segments along the food supply chain to indicate where such information is available. The focus is on papers in English. It was found that a large amount of information is available in regions such as North America, Western Europe and to a lesser extent in Australia and Northern Europe, whereas elsewhere there is a distinct lack of food waste related publishing in English. Agricultural information can be gathered from most developing countries, but household waste is generally investigated within industrialised regions. Some topics have so far not been targeted sufficiently, for example methodology, definitions, logistics, wholesale and redistribution.
Altered Antigenic Profiling and Infectivity of Porphyromonas gingivalis in Smokers and Non‐Smokers With Periodontitis
Authors: Zeller Iris , Hutcherson Justin A. , Lamont Richard J. , Demuth Donald R. , Gumus Pinar , Nizam Nejat , Buduneli Nurcan , Scott David A.
Published: October 2013

Background: Cigarette smokers are more susceptible to periodontal diseases and are more likely to be infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis than non‐smokers. Furthermore, smoking is known to alter the expression of P. gingivalis surface components and compromise immunoglobulin (Ig)G generation. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the overall IgG response to P. gingivalis is suppressed in smokers in vivo and whether previously established in vitro tobacco‐induced phenotypic P. gingivalis changes would be reflected in vivo.

Methods: The authors examined the humoral response to several P. gingivalis strains as well as specific tobacco‐regulated outer membrane proteins (FimA and RagB) by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay in biochemically validated (salivary cotinine) smokers and non‐smokers with chronic periodontitis (CP: n = 13) or aggressive periodontitis (AgP: n = 20). The local and systemic presence of P. gingivalis DNA was also monitored by polymerase chain reaction.

Results: Smoking was associated with decreased total IgG responses against clinical (10512, 5607, and 10208C; all P <0.05) but not laboratory (ATCC 33277, W83) P. gingivalis strains. Smoking did not influence IgG produced against specific cell‐surface proteins, although a non‐significant pattern toward increased total FimA‐specific IgG in patients with CP, but not AgP, was observed. Seropositive smokers were more likely to be infected orally and systemically with P. gingivalis (P <0.001), as determined by 16S RNA analysis.

Conclusion: Smoking alters the humoral response against P. gingivalis and may increase P. gingivalis infectivity, strengthening the evidence that mechanisms of periodontal disease progression in smokers may differ from those of non‐smokers with the same disease classification.
Evaluation of the EmbaGYN™ Pelvic Floor Muscle Stimulator in Addition to Kegel Exercises for the Treatment of Female Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Prospective, Open-Label, Multicenter, Single-Arm Study
Authors: Eder Scott Evan
Published: October 2013

Aim: To assess the efficacy and safety of the EmbaGYN™ Pelvic Floor Exerciser, a battery-powered neuromuscular stimulation device with a vaginal, two-electrode stimulation probe in women with stress urinary incontinence. Materials & methods: In this prospective, open-label, multicenter, single-arm study, patients with stress urinary incontinence (n = 83) underwent 12 weeks of treatment with EmbaGYN with Kegel exercises. Results: At week 12, the mean number of incontinence episodes/day (primary end point) fell 56.2% (p = 0.152). A ≥50% decrease from baseline in incontinence episodes was seen in 65.3% of subjects (p = 0.006). The mean number of incontinence pads/day fell 57.1% (p = 0.001). Mean 24- and 1-h in-office urine loss declined 59.0% (p < 0.001) and 67% (p = 0.019), respectively. There was one nonserious device-related adverse event. Conclusion: EmbaGYN with Kegel exercises resulted in significant reductions in urine loss, incontinence pad use and improved incontinence-related quality of life, but did not have a significant effect on incontinence episodes/day.
Efficacy of Four Lining Materials in Sandwich Technique to Reduce Microleakage in Class II Composite Resin Restorations
Authors: Moazzami SM , Sarabi N , Hajizadeh H , Majidinia S , Li Y , Meharry MR , Shahrokh H
Published: October 2013

Objectives

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of four different sandwich techniques on gingival microleakage of Class II direct composite resin restorations.

Materials and Methods

Fifty sound human premolars were selected and randomly divided into five groups (n=10). Class II box only cavities were prepared in one of the proximal surfaces of each tooth with a gingival margin located approximately 0.5 mm below the cemento-enamel junction. Group A (control) was restored incrementally with composite resin (Tetric Ceram). Groups B, C, D, and E were restored with the sandwich technique using a compomer (Compoglass F), flowable composite resin (Tetric Flow), self-cure composite resin (Degufill SC), or resin modified glass ionomer (Fuji II LC), respectively. After thermal-load cycling, the specimens were immersed in 0.5% basic fuschin for 24 hours. Dye penetration (10−1 mm) was detected using a sectioning technique. Data were analyzed with repeated measurements and Duncan test at α=0.05.

Results

The least amount of microleakage was detected in the incremental group (1.28 ± 0.98). The sandwich technique using resin modified glass ionomer (7.99 ± 9.57) or compomer (4.36 ± 1.78) resulted in significantly more leakage than did the sandwich technique using flowable (1.50 ± 1.97) or self-cure composite (2.26 ± 1.52).

Conclusion

According to the results of this study, none of the four sandwich technique composite resin restorations used in this study could reduce gingival microleakage to a greater degree than the incremental technique.