bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Childhood onset SLE- case report
Authors: Alhusain Awal , Alhashim Hasan , Almuraidif Wafa , Alghazal Mariam , Alhusain Awal , Alhashim Hasan , Almuraidif Wafa , Alghazal Mariam
Published: December 2021

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that can affect any organ and may result in significant morbidity and mortality. Childhood-onset c-SLE is a rare disease with an incidence of 0.3-0.9/100,000 children-years and a prevalence of 3.3-8.8/100,000 children.1 Asians, African American, Hispanic and Native Americans have higher frequency of the disease.2,3 Similar to adult SLE, c-SLE affects mainly females with around 80% of the affected children. According to the literature, the median age of onset is 11-12 years and it is rare in children under 5 years of age. The manifestations of c-SLE are variable and most of the times are atypical compared to adult SLE which make the diagnosis of cSLE a challenge to the treating physician.4 This report shows a series of presentation in pediatric patient who finally was diagnosed with SLE.
Persistent air leak (bronchopleural fistula) in neonates
Authors: Ojha Sunita , Sen Goutam , Bansal Rajiv , Chaturvedi Anupam , Saini Mahaveer
Published: December 2021

Background: Pneumothorax is a known complication in neonates on ventilation but persistent air leak is infrequently seen in neonates and is troublesome to manage. Persistent air leak on chest tube insertion is suggestive of bronchopleural fistula, often resulting in significant mortality and morbidity. Various modalities of management like multiple chest tube insertions (thoracostomies), selective bronchial occlusion, pleurodesis using talc, tetracycline etc and urgent surgery to repair the leak have been mentioned. Islolated case reports for management of bronchopleural fistula in neonates are abound in literature but consensus and attention should be directed to improve awareness and access to clinical guidelines in management of bronchopleural fistula in neonates. Methods: Our aim was to evaluate the management and outcome of neonates with persistent air leak (bronchopleural fistula). Result: Eighteen neonates with bronchopleural fistula (BPF) were managed from 2012-2018. All neonates were managed by chest tube insertion, and slow suction (10-15cm of H2O). In those patients having persistent pneumothorax despite functioning tube with persistent air leak, second chest tube was inserted in 2nd intercostal space. Five of these patients even had cardiac arrest due to tension pneumothorax but were revived. One neonate required pleurodesis, two expired and remaining improved on multiple chest tube insertion and were discharged. None required selective bronchial intubation or surgery. Conclusion: Tension pneumothorax with persistent air leak on chest tube suggestive of Broncho-pleural fistula is a difficult and a rare problem in neonates. If not timely taken care of it can lead to cardiac arrest but despite cardiac arrest aggressive resuscitation and judicious use of multiple chest tube drainage and slow suction can help these little patients improve.
Cosmetically disfiguring side effects of cyclosporine A in an adolescent population
Authors: Abeyagunawardena Shamali , DeSilva ESK , Abeyagunawardena Asiri S
Published: December 2021

Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a potent immunosuppressive agent commonly used in nephrotic syndrome and in organ transplanted patients. However, its applications are limited, due to undesirable adverse effects. The cutaneous manifestations of the drug are well documented in the western countries and some studies indicate a higher incidence among Asian populations. However, there is paucity of data about its cutaneous side effects on Asian patients thus making it difficult to counsel patients and parents before its use. We recruited children and adolescents between 12 and 20 years attending the nephrology clinic at a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka who have been receiving CsA more than a year. Patients who received other medication which may aggravate gingival hyperplasia, acne or hypertrichosis were excluded from the study. The dermatological manifestations of the selected children were assessed and recorded by experienced clinicians. Our study consisted of 64 patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria. There were 41 male and 23 females with a median age of 16.6 years. All of them received CsA at a dose between 5-10 mg/kg/day at induction, which was tapered towards a dose of 3 mg/kg/day, based on clinical status as well as serum level of the drug. Among the clinical features observed, hypertrichosis was seen in 32 males (78%) and in all 23 female patients (100%); Gum hypertrophy was seen in 34 patients (53%) and acne was noted only in 8 patients. The commonest cutaneous side effect was hypertrichosis, significantly seen among female subjects, which is a serious point of distress to patients and their families. Gum hypertrophy was also observed among a significant number but could be reduced by regular dental care. These findings will be remarkably useful when counselling before commencing on CsA therapy in adolescent patients.
The evolution of surgical treatment of urolithiasis: from lithotomy to combined intrarenal technologies
Authors: VV Rogachikov , IV Bogorad , AV Kudryashov , DN Ignatiev
Published: December 2021

Urolithiasis (hereinafter ICD) has a long thousand-year history, worldwide spread, frequent recurrence and occupies a leading place in the structure of surgical diseases of the urinary system. The development of urology as a clinical discipline is thorny and is associated with the stages of origin and formation as a science, oblivion and revival - as a modern field of surgery. The progress of technical thought, achievements of fundamental science, naturally led to the formation of urology and, in particular, surgery of urolithiasis on the basis of new concepts of operative capabilities, preoperative diagnostics, new methods of physical impact on the structure of the calculus. The creation and improvement of new low-traumatic techniques, their active and widespread introduction into practice, contributed to the displacement of open traumatic interventions used for centuries, and made it possible to successfully remove stones from the urinary tract with minimal complications. The work is devoted to the historical review of the formation of urolithiasis surgery, comparative characteristics of alternative minimally invasive methods of treatment of KSD. The scientific work reveals the modern achievements of percutaneous surgery, the history of the development of technical improvements and the possibilities of retrograde fiber-optic intrarenal technologies. The promising directions of development of antegrade and retrograde surgery of nephrolithiasis in the present and near future have been determined.
Role of checkpoint inhibitors immunotherapy in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: current methods and future perspectives
Authors: Agag Ayman , Naushad Naufal , Manzoor Asad , Abbas Sami A , Deb Abdalla Ali , Serag Hosam
Published: December 2021

Immuno-therapy involvement in bladder urothelial malignancies is growing very fast. The use of Immuno-therapy with check-point inhibitor has greatly developed since it was first approved as a second-line treatment for cases who had formerly failed platinum-based chemotherapy. There are recognized applications for first-line metastatic illness in platinum-ineligible or cisplatin-ineligible PD-L1 diagnosed cases, as well as a label for BCG-refractory high-risky non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). It is now being studied in neo-adjuvant and adjuvant muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) clinical trials. This review discusses the clinical trials that led to these FDA agreements, as well as prospective and ongoing trials. Current clinical guidelines support Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) as the primary treating option for intermediate to high-risk NMIBC. Despite the intra-vesical BCG-instillation, intra-vesical relapse occurs in a considerable number of individuals with intermediate to high risk NMIBC. Furthermore, treating BCG-nonresponsive NMIBC is still difficult. For these individuals with BCG-nonresponsive NMIBC, there are no viable therapy alternatives other than radical cystectomy, which has been shown to have excellent oncological results. In this regard, for the care of BCG-nonresponsive NMIBC, safe and reliable noninvasive or lesser-invasive therapeutic alternatives with adequate oncological results are needed. Regarding the latest introduction of immuno-therapeutic medications, the treatment of progressive or metastatic urothelial cancer has substantially advanced. These developments have sparked a surge in interest in immuno-therapeutic medications for NMIBC, particularly BCG-nonresponsive NMIBC. The goal of this literature review is to provide and debate the most up-to-date information on the function of Immuno-therapy in BCG-nonresponsive NMIBC and the presently accessible treatment options. Furthermore, this page highlights the current research in this topic. We wanted to convey the current state of Immuno-therapy in NMIBC and discuss future directions.
Historias reales e historias fingidas: sobre Palmerín y Primaleón
Authors: Córdoba Perozo Jesús Ricardo
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: el propósito de este artículo es analizar la tensión y las relaciones entre el discurso ficcional y el discurso histórico en la España del siglo xvi a partir del estudio de los prólogos de dos libros de caballerías, Palmerín (1511) y Primaleón (1512). Metodología: inicialmente, se ofrece una breve contextualización de las manifestaciones de este debate en algunos géneros literarios idealistas del momento (como la novela pastoril y la novela sentimental). Posteriormente, se realiza el análisis de las tensiones historia-ficción tomando como fuente primaria los prólogos de los libros de caballerías señalados, así como los comentarios realizados por Francisco Delicado, editor de ambos textos caballerescos. Originalidad: el artículo destaca la importancia de observar la prosa idealista española del siglo xvi como una fuente fundamental para el desarrollo contemporáneo y posterior de la prosa histórica y de la prosa ficcional (idealista y realista), una faceta muy poco estudiada en el ámbito de los géneros literarios españoles del Renacimiento. Conclusiones: se concluye que la construcción de la prosa idealista pasa por la lectura y asimilación de la prosa histórica, pero que, a su vez, esta última bebe de la prosa idealista, la cual ayuda a definir su propia naturaleza. Se señala, además, que los autores de prosa idealista evalúan su realidad y la legitiman o debaten a partir de sus narraciones. Así pues, los mundos fantásticos creados por autores como Feliciano de Silva o el anónimo autor de Palmerín y Primaleón se hallan fuertemente cargados de posturas ideológicas, y, en su concepción, requieren y hacen uso constante de la historia entendida como realidad vivida pero también como discurso prosístico que narra dicha realidad.
Los piratas de Cartagena de Soledad Acosta: narración de la Colonia para los príncipes de la Regeneración
Authors: Rodríguez Calle James
Published: December 2021

Objetivo: el objetivo de este artículo es analizar, en el libro Los piratas de Cartagena. Crónicas histórico-novelescas de Soledad Acosta, las representaciones (mimesis-poiesis) de personajes y situaciones de la Colonia, especialmente la retórica sobre el rol ético de personajes notables —sacerdotes, políticos, militares y mujeres cercanas a los asuntos de Estado— y su lugar de liderazgo como letrados y letradas en la república hispanista y católica que se proyectaba en la Regeneración (1875-1886). Metodología: a través del análisis y la interpretación hermenéutica, se busca comprender la fusión entre dos horizontes de comprensión de la autora-enunciadora: la Colonia, como periodo narrado en distintas fases de modernización, y su presente, previo a la redacción e instauración de la Constitución de 1886. El análisis se hace a partir de conceptos de la retórica, la “economía de la literatura” y el “régimen del arte”. Originalidad: el libro seleccionado es uno de los menos estudiados de la autora, pese a su importancia para la historia cultural y social, así como para los estudios literarios —y, por tanto, para la poética, la estética y la historia del arte—. Conclusiones: el análisis evidencia la necesidad de acudir a documentos que narran y describen sucesos históricos desde puntos de vista que complementan la historia bipartidista y la visión teleológica de los héroes más recordados; en este caso, es un documento que nos acerca a la comprensión de piratas, mujeres, niños, ancianos, indígenas y afrodescendientes de la Colonia.
Pedro Rújula y Manuel Chust. El Trienio Liberal. Revolución e independencia (1820-1823).
Authors: Medina Medófilo
Published: December 2021

Sobre el pronunciamiento de Riego en enero de 1820 y sobre el Trienio Liberal que le siguió no existía una obra especializada como la que ahora ofrecen los historiadores Rújula y Chust. Su narrativa se enmarca entre la rebelión de Riego en Las Bocas de San Juan y el Manifiesto de Fernando VII el 1.º de octubre de 1823. En esa ocasión el rey suspendió la Constitución y anuló lo realizado por los gobiernos liberales desde el 7 de marzo de 1820.
Liliana María López Lopera. Lugareños, patriotas y cosmopolitas. Un estudio de los conceptos de patria y nación en el siglo XIX colombiano.
Authors: Peña Aragón César Nicolás
Published: December 2021

El libro de Liliana María López Lopera es, sin duda, un aporte sustancial a la comprensión de nuestro siglo xix. Su principal valor radica en cuestionar y deconstruir algunos de los presupuestos categoriales que soportan diciplinas como la Ciencia Política, el Derecho y algunas corrientes historiográficas. Más aún, por esta vía plantea una crítica profunda a las bases sobre las cuales se ha construido nuestro relato nacional.
The effect of vibrations on the mechanical properties of laminations
Authors: Kadhim Fahad Mohanad , Al-Din Tahir Muhammad Safa , Naiyf Athmar Thamer
Published: December 2021

This study aims to increase the mechanical properties of the composite material manufactured by the lamination process. In this study, the lamination process will be implemented in two ways, and mechanical properties are compared between the two methods. The first method covers the lamination process under the influence of vacuum pressure only, while in the second method lamination process is achieved by the influence of vacuum pressure and vibrate by shaker device. The results showed that the endurance stress of fatigue increased by 18.18% for the material manufactured by the lamination process under the influence of vibration, while the yield stress and ultimate stress values remained roughly constant for both methods.
Nanoindentation creep testing: Advantages and limitations of the constant contact pressure method
Authors: Minnert Christian , Durst Karsten
Published: December 2021

Different loading protocols have been developed in the past to investigate the creep properties of materials using instrumented indentation testing technique. Recently, a new indentation creep method was presented, in which the contact pressure is kept constant during the creep test segment, similar to the constant stress applied in a uniaxial creep experiment. In this study, the results of constant contact pressure creep tests are compared to uniaxial and constant load hold indentation creep experiments on ultrafine grained Cu and CuAl5. The constant contact pressure method yields similar stress exponents as the uniaxial tests, down to indentation strain rates of 10–6 s−1, whereas the constant load hold method results mainly in a relaxation of the material at decreasing applied pressures. Furthermore, a pronounced change in the power law exponent at large stress reductions is found for both uniaxial and constant contact pressure tests, indicating a change in deformation mechanism of ultrafine grained metals.

Graphical abstract
Who stole my nest? Weaver nests used as nest lining
Authors: Oschadleus H. Dieter
Published: December 2021

Birds stealing nest material from a neighbour’s nest is well known, but stealing entire nests is less well known. This has been reported nine times for raptors and waterbirds taking the domed nests of weaverbirds. Three waterbird species and five raptor species are involved. Nests of four weaver species were identified. Three records were from Kwa-Zulu Natal in South Africa, and the rest from elsewhere in Africa. Weaver nests included green nests, but most were old nests, and at least one occupied nest (with eggs). Since green nests were not the norm, the weaver nests were probably taken as a source of plant material, rather than for any specific benefit relating to weaver nests.
Birds and birding 2013-2020 at Macaneta, Southern Mozambique
Authors: Allport Gary
Published: December 2021

The Macaneta area lies in the Incomati River estuary in northern Maputo Bay, Maputo Province, southern Mozambique. The 56 km2 area of study was selected based on access from tracks and follows no formal boundaries. The site comprises a 10 km stretch of ocean beach, coastal dunes with patchy thicket forest, and low lying wet grasslands inland to the Incomati River. The wetlands have complex hydrology offering diverse salinity and temporal conditions. The peninsula of Praia de Macaneta is also included in the study site but with few data. Improved access to the site in Oct 2016 enabled over 200 field ornithological visits Oct 2016-Oct 2020 and the sightings are analysed and reported herein. A total of 295 species was recorded including eight Globally Threatened birds (three Endangered, five Near-threatened) and Internationally Important numbers of White-breasted Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo and Whiskered Terns Chlidonias hybrida were found. Three new birds for Mozambique were discovered; Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Calidris acuminata (first for Africa), White-rumped Sandpiper C. fuscicollis and Pearl-breasted Swallow Hirundo dimidiate. An annotated checklist of selected species is presented. The Sharp-tailed Sandpiper in particular drew much birder interest with 254 international visitor days over the 12 weeks of its first visit Feb-Apr 2018, contributing over US$12,000 into the local economy. The bird returned for two further seasons but it was not possible to gather further data.
Breeding biology of two sympatric Nesospiza finches at Nightingale Island, Tristan da Cunha
Authors: Dilley Ben
Published: December 2021

Nesospiza finches are a classic example of a simple adaptive radiation, with two ecologically distinct forms confined to the Tristan da Cunha Archipelago, South Atlantic Ocean: an abundant, small-billed dietary generalist, and a scarce, large-billed specialist. These have segregated into two species at Nightingale Island, but there is still local introgression between the two forms at Inaccessible Island. We describe the phenology and breeding behaviour of the two sympatric species at Nightingale Island (2.6 km2): Wilkins’s Finch Nesospiza wilkinsi (Endangered) and Nightingale Island Finch N. questi (Vulnerable). The finch breeding season starts in late October-November but the onset of breeding varies by 4–5 weeks among years. The small-billed Nightingale Island Finch typically (two of three study seasons) starts breeding 1–3 weeks earlier than the large-billed Wilkins’s Finch, unlike at Inaccessible Island where the Wilkins’s Finches start breeding first. Laying of initial clutches was quite well synchronised, peaking 1–2 weeks after the first nests were found. Females constructed the nests, which were mostly (>90%) in dense Spartina arundinacea tussock grass stands and occasionally in ferns or sedge grasses. Clutches comprised one or two eggs, with no difference between Wilkins’s (1.66 ± 0.48) or Nightingale Island finch clutches (1.71 ± 0.46). Incubation periods averaged longer for Wilkins’s Finch (18.3 ± 0.5 d) than Nightingale Island Finch (17.7 ± 0.5 d), but this difference was not statistically significant. Females incubated the eggs, and were fed by the males. The difference in egg volume within two-egg clutches was 2–13% for Wilkins’s Finches (mean 5.9 ± 3.3%) and 1–19% for Nightingale Island Finches (mean 8.4 ± 5.3%). At least 31% of pairs re -laid after their first breeding attempt failed but there was no evidence of double brooding. Repeat nests were 0–20 m (mean 5.6 ± 4.9 m) from the initial nest site and inter-seasonal nest sites for 38 known pairs were 0–33 m apart (mean 12 ± 9 m). No inter-species pairs or hybrid birds were seen, but two instances of inter-species fledgling provisioning were observed.
On the Classification of Fake Information During the Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Zyryanova Marina
Published: December 2021

This article presents the classification of fakes on grounds of the information source that underlies the occurrence of false information. The study was perfomed on the coronavirus fakes that spread in Russian Federation in March 2020 during the beginning of the coronavirus pandemic in our country. For the analysis, only those fakes were taken, which the Administrations of the Russian regions promptly denied in their official accounts on social networks. Based on this, only those fakes that caused the greatest public response were selected for analysis. In this article, the following types of fakes are distinguished: folklore, symmetric, interpretive, additional, and conspiracy. Folklore fakes in various variations reproduce the same motives and are associated with well-established ideas and stereotypes in the mass consciousness. Symmetrical fakes partially or completely transfer true facts from one territory (country, region) to another. They can also transfer information from one person (structure) to another (s). Interpretative fakes are associated with the incorrect interpretation of events, information disseminated, or decisions made by the authorities by individual individuals. Additional fakes for a short period of time continue the theme of previously thrown disinformation. Conspiracy fakes are associated with conspiracy theory, characterized by stuffing on a wide territory and a large audience This classification is not exhaustive and can be supplemented as new fakes appear and are studied. Also, within the framework of this article, recommendations are given on how to refute a particular fake, depending on its belonging to a particular type.
The Anatomy of Research Process in the Light of the Phenomenological Approach and the Problem of Identification
Authors: Kozhevnikova Margarita
Published: December 2021

The author undertakes a phenomenological analysis of research process on the example of the philosophical and anthropological study of education. In accordance with the phenomenological approach, the research process with its general methodological regularities is divided into three phases: 1) the preliminary phase of thematization; 2) the phenomenological phase itself, which opens up for the researcher his own direct experience of the subject, its obviousness; 3) the post-phenomenological phase. Within the boundaries of the last phase the tension between "experience" and "language" is resolved, that is, experience is expressed, an exit to the general life world apeears, an approach to certification is carried out. From this point of view, the problem of "reliability" and "identity" is raised, which is especially relevant for the phenomenological perspective. Certain phenomenological solutions to this problem were developed by Hegel and Husserl. Taking into account the existing solutions, three possible versions of the interpretations of the identity are considered: proceeding from objectivity; intersubjectivity; subjectivity. The application of phenomenological analysis to practical, scientific and philosophical fields of research allowed us to distinguish three levels of verification during certification. At the first level, experience, representation and concept come to the fore; at the second level – the requirement of unity of experience, representation and thinking; at the third – a certificate consisting of checking the stability of the trusted before the other / Other. The understanding of the latter has the meaning of a "dialectical movement", according to Hegel, and represents an "infinite horizon... of approximations", according to Husserl. These criteria are explained in the perspective of subjectivity, which reveals its possibilities when compared with interpretations based on the understanding of the true as objective (in particular, when compared with "scientific realists") and intersubjective.
COVID-19 and Polyglot Peace: A Grammatical Understanding of Our Present Predicament
Authors: Kroesen O.
Published: December 2021

The challenge of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is argued in this contribution, can only be met by a common effort of responsibility by all nation states across the world. That is what the COVID-19 pandemic has in common with the upcoming climate crisis and with the social and economic problems of the emerging world society in general. This contribution, however, is not focused on direct and effective methods and solutions. Such measures and methods can only meet their objectives within the framework of a new understanding. It requires a new way of ordering the world, a new type of man, a new way of speaking with and to each other. A new mindset and attitude are required. This, it is proposed, will be a mindset shaped by the grammatical method or, more commonly called, the dialogical philosophy of Rosenstock-Huessy and a circle of friends. It is the aim of the grammatical method to find the right rhythm, sequence and alternation of the different values and institutions of different societies and cultures. This can put the analytical methods and measures for the COVID-19 crisis within the broader framework of a history of salvation. We have to understand where each of our traditions is coming from, and how we are challenged to find a common destination. The COVID-19 crisis turns such mutual understanding and a sense of common purpose into a true imperative. Therefore the potential of the grammatical method to meet that requirement is explored with a special focus on the understanding of language by Rosenstock-Huessy and Levinas.
Social Philosophical Discourse of the World Risk Society in a Pandemic Situation
Authors: Lomako Olga
Published: December 2021

The author considers the situation associated with coronavirus pandemic and its possible consequences for social cultural processes. The difficulty in risk analysis is that the risk is between objective and subjective, between rational and irrational, between social and existential. The logic of uniqueness gives way to the logic of ambiguity, which finds its expression in the connection of the risk society with the cosmopolitism. Ulrich Beck's concept of the cosmopolitan turn of modern civilization is updated, which is revealed through the concepts of "danger", "social inequality" and through the existentials "fear", "uncertainty", which indicate the social vulnerability of modern society. We are talking about the need to distinguish between risk and danger, about their complex relationship in modern conditions. Global risks include the coronovirus pandemic: risk has become a global hazard from which future risks and crises originate. The reflexivity of the unknown and the methodological cosmopolitanism – point to a global change in the society in the 21st century, whose priority is security. Cosmopolitanism is expressed in social delocalization, which includes three dimensions: spatial, temporal, and social. Risks have symbolic and existential content and include life guidelines, traditions and cultural norms. The coronavirus was a challenge to the intellectual sphere of society. The author focuses on the transformation of risks in the field of science and education. Self-isolation and social distance initiate the active introduction of distance education and media education. Attempts are being made to identify possible risks resulting from the introduction of media technologies in the educational system. The concept of the multiplicity of interpretations of riskogenics allows us to understand the prospects for the transformation of the global risk society in a pandemic situation.
Justice in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Mobility Capital and New Social Order
Authors: Karchagin Evgeniy
Published: December 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic forces us to reconsider the conceptual boundaries of the world and everyday social order, affecting such pairs of concepts as: natural / artificial; habitual / extraordinary. The author considers one of the aspects of the changes having occured: the transformation of spatial mobility, which is connected with deep social changes. In the first part, the experience of isolation is interpreted on the basis of the theoretical resources of the social theory of mobilities, primarily the concepts of mobility capital and mobility justice. Not all social groups were equally mobile, because they had different mobility capital. The issue of mobility equity has taken in a new context: a natural global threat that has exacerbated the existing inequalities caused by the emergency. The second part of the article deals with the concept of "state of emergency" by G. Agamben and analyzes the issue of transgression of the system of the world social order, including its everyday dimension. The answer to this question is given on the basis of an analysis of the interpretations and forecasts of the leading contemporary European intellectuals (Agamben, Žižek, Latour, Sloterdijk, Fuller). The problems of social distancing, the transformation of higher education, the increase in the powers of the state, associated with medical justifications are considered. Important parameters of the new social order are the environmental factor and the need for sociocritical optics to understand the consequences of the pandemic. Analysis captures the increasing role of digital intermediaries of social interactions, which forms a new context for the problem of justice, opening up perspectives for issues of distance with digital technologies and issues of digital ecology.
Transformation of Religious Communication Under the Influence of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Chernichkin Dmitriy
Published: December 2021

The article analyzes the transformation of forms of religious communication against the background of the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the virus, that is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. Thanks to the advanced opportunities offered by the virtual space, various religious organizations and individual leaders have the opportunity to acquaint all users with their religious doctrines. But if in ordinary times the virtual religious space often functioned as an "addition" to the real religious space, then in the context of the coronavirus pandemic, it became almost the main channel for broadcasting religious teachings and ideas. In this regard, the capabilities of the virtual environment made it possible to search and experiment. For some people this can lead to a deeper understanding of their religious traditions and practices, while for others it can open up completely new ways of worshiping God, generating a variety of new ideas and trends. The closure of prayer facilities during the coronavirus pandemic has forced most religious institutions around the world to communicate with their followers online, and most of the self-isolated believers have also turned to virtual space in order not to interrupt their religious practices. By itself, virtual religious activity is not a new phenomenon, but in a crisis situation it has become an adequate substitute for real religious activity, making it possible to maintain the epidemiological situation and curb the outflow of the flock, adjusting their religious rituals to the new conditions. On the example of some religious institutions operating on the territory of Russia, it was revealed that during the period of restrictive measures in the country, some forms of religion have undergone significant changes and accelerated digitalization.
Numerical Modeling of Self-Consistent Dynamics of Shallow and Ground Waters
Authors: Khrapov Sergey
Published: December 2021

A mathematical and numerical model of the joint dynamics of shallow and ground waters has been built, which takes into account the nonlinear dynamics of a liquid, water absorption from the surface into the ground, filtration currents in the ground, and water seepage from the ground back to the surface. The dynamics of shallow waters is described by the Saint-Venant equations, taking into account the spatially inhomogeneous distributions of the terrain, the coefficients of bottom friction and infiltration, as well as non-stationary sources and flows of water. For the numerical integration of Saint-Venant’s equations, the well-tested CSPH-TVD method of the second order of accuracy is used, the parallel CUDA algorithm of which is implemented as a software package “EcoGIS-Simulation” for high-performance computing on supercomputers with graphic coprocessors (GPU). The dynamics of groundwater is described by the nonlinear Bussensk equation, generalized to the case of a spatially inhomogeneous distribution of the parameters of the porous medium and the surface of the aquiclude (the boundary between water-permeable and low-permeable soils). The numerical solution of this equation is built on the basis of a finite-difference scheme of the second order of accuracy, the CUDA algorithm of which is integrated into the calculation module of the “EcoGIS-Simulation” software package and is consistent with the main stages of the CSPH-TVD method. The relative deviation of the numerical solution from the exact solution of the nonlinear Boussinesq equation does not exceed 10−4–10−5. The paper compares the results of numerical modeling of the dynamics of groundwater with analytical solutions of the linearized Bussensk equation used as calculation formulas in the methods for predicting the level of groundwater in the vicinity of water bodies. It is shown that the error of these methods is several percent even for the simplest case of a plane-parallel flow of groundwater with a constant backwater. Based on the results obtained, it was concluded that the proposed method for numerical modeling of the joint dynamics of surface and ground waters can be more versatile and efficient (it has significantly better accuracy and productivity) in comparison with the existing methods for calculating flooding zones, especially for hydrodynamic flows with complex geometry and nonlinear interaction of counter fluid flows arising during seasonal floods during flooding of vast land areas.
Ayet Numaralarının Mushafa Ekleniş Amacı Üzerine
Authors: YÜCEL Hasan
Published: December 2021

Kur’ân-ı Kerîm, Hz. Ebû Bekir’in halifeliği esnasında iki kapak arasında bir araya getirilerek mushaf adını almıştır. Dönemin yazısı ile kaydedilen bu mushaf, yazı ve şekil açısından zaman içerisinde çeşitli düzenlemelere tabi tutulmuştur. Harfleri birbirinden ayırmaya yarayan noktaların, harekeleri belirli kılan nokta ve çizgilerin, ayetleri birbirinden ayıran fasılaların ve durak işaretlerinin konulması gibi faaliyetler bunlar arasında zikredilebilir. Elinizdeki makalede, mushafa zaman içerisinde eklenen ve ayetleri birbirinden ayırmaya yarayan fasıla işaretlerinin içerisine veya ayetlerin başına ve sonuna müstakil birer rakam halinde ayet numaralarının ilk ne zaman, kim tarafından ve ne sebeple yazıldığı tartışılmaktadır. Bu çerçevede hedef, ayetlerin sayısının belirlenmesi meselesinin tartışılması değil, zaten sayısı belli olan Kur’ân ayetlerinin rakamlarının mushafa yazılma tarihi ve amacının ortaya koyulmasıdır. Veri toplama, analiz ve değerlendirme yöntemiyle yürütülen araştırmada, ulaşılabilen elyazması mushaflar ile basılı mushaflar gözden geçirilmiş ve ayet numaralarının mushafa eklenmesinin tarihi ve tarihi arka planı keşfedilmeye çalışılmıştır. Neticede mushafa ayet numaralarının tamamını, ilk defa Abraham Hinckelmann’ın 1694’te bastırdığı mushafta eklediği tespit edilmiştir.
Postmodern Kentte Kutsalın Fisyonu ve Türk Toplumu
Authors: IMIL Muhittin
Published: December 2021

Endüstrileşen toplumda en çok zarar görenin kurumsal dini yapılar olduğunu, postmodern zamanların ise bireyin anlam arayışını, söz konusu dini yapıları onarmak yerine sırf dini gruplar, yeni dini hareketler ya da seküler bir dünyanın mütecaviz ve ısrarlı darbeleriyle daha istikrarsız hale getirdiğini söylemek mümkündür. İstikrarsızlık ya da iktidar alanının daralması ihtimali bile kurumsal dinlerin yeni arayışlarla -hiç değilse- normatif duvarlarını ve mevcut müntesiplerini koruma ya da ütopik bir iyimserlikle eski ihtişamlı çağlara dönme konusundaki çabalarını yükselen bir ivmeyle artırmaları için yetmiştir. İslam toplumlarının söz konusu mücadelede varlığını devam ettirebilmeleri için kendilerine özgü ve nesnel değerlendirmelerle sağlıklı bir geleceğe hazırlanmaları elzemdir. Çalışma, küresel etkilerle dönüşmeye devam eden dindarlık algılarının İslam toplumlarındaki geleceği konusunda çıkarımlarda bulunmayı hedeflemektedir. Araştırmanın problemi, kutsal algısının her geçen gün deformasyona uğradığı postmodern çağda Müslümanlık özelinde bireysel dindarlık tezahürlerinin geleceğini sorgulamaktır. Nitel veri toplama yöntemlerinden literatür incelemesi ve meta-sentez yöntemleri kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen araştırmanın amacı, çarpık kentleşme ve iletişim teknolojisindeki gelişmelerle birlikte birey ve toplum üzerindeki postmodern yansımaların, bireysel dindarlık algıları üzerindeki etkilerini açıklamaktır. Bununla birlikte kurumsal dinler ve sırf dini grupların yanında deizm ve ateizm olgularının bireysel dindarlık algılarındaki değişimden nasıl etkilenebileceği sorgulanmıştır.
CONCEITO, VALOR, IMANÊNCIA: SOHN-RETHEL E A FORMAÇÃO DA IDEIA DE CRÍTICA IMANENTE EM ADORNO*
Authors: Caux Luiz Philipe de
Published: December 2021

RESUMO Na segunda metade da década de 1930, Theodor W. Adorno e Alfred Sohn-Rethel estabeleceram um rico intercâmbio teórico, no qual uma enorme convergência inicial evolui para um gradual afastamento. Apesar de não reconhecer de pronto a procedência dos argumentos de Sohn-Rethel contra a formulação de seu procedimento de crítica imanente, Adorno os incorpora anos mais tarde. Além disso, a descoberta dessa revisão subterrânea ajuda a explicitar o sentido da transcendência da crítica imanente adorniana e sua relação com a crítica da economia política marxiana.
PEYORATIVOS DE GRUPO Y DISCURSO DE ODIO*
Authors: Guercio Nicolás Lo
Published: December 2021

RESUMEN El artículo presenta una semántica multidimensional para los peyorativos de grupo de acuerdo con la cual estos codifican un contenido descriptivo y un contenido peyorativo implicaturado convencionalmente. A diferencia de otras propuestas en la misma línea (e.g. McCready, 2010), se argumenta que el contenido peyorativo es una propiedad, y no una proposición. A partir de un marco pragmático dinámico (Portner, 2004), se argumenta que el uso de un peyorativo de grupo instancia dos fuerzas discursivas, esto es, actualiza dos componentes del contexto conversacional. El contenido descriptivo actualiza el trasfondo común (Common Ground). El contenido not at-issue actualiza la lista de tareas pendientes (To-Do-List). Se muestra luego cómo la teoría explica el modo en que los peyorativos de grupo modifican hechos acerca de lo que es permisible en la conversación y, de este modo, causan y constituyen un daño para los grupos discriminados. Finalmente, se argumenta que la teoría permite dar cuenta de una variedad de movidas conversacionales habilitadas por estas expresiones, como la propaganda, el ataque, la complicidad o la apropiación.
A PRÁTICA DOCENTE NA VOZ DOS PROFESSORES: ECOS FORMATIVOS E CONTEXTUAIS
Authors: FRANZOLIN FERNANDA , TOSCANO CARLOS
Published: December 2021

RESUMO: O presente trabalho tematiza a compreensão das contribuições da formação de professores para o Ensino de Ciências nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental e as condições de possibilidade de seu ensino. Para tanto, realizamos entrevistas junto aos seus protagonistas, os(as) professores(as) no município de Londrina/PR, entre 2010-2011. Trata-se de um estudo local e temporal, possibilitando compreender aspectos da realidade desse contexto e momento. Após a transcrição das entrevistas, houve a imersão no seu conteúdo, envolvendo um aprofundamento da leitura das respostas. A partir da imersão nos dados, houve a elaboração de algumas categorias, que foram quantificadas e organizadas em gráficos e tabelas que permitissem a análise. Dentre os resultados obtidos, cabe destacar que os estágios e o exercício da profissão são os locais e momentos privilegiados no aprendizado da profissão. Esta amostra permitiu identificar diferentes realidades quanto ao número de alunos por classe e horas-aula em Ciências. Apesar do grande interesse das crianças por Ciências Naturais, outras disciplinas são priorizadas. Por fim, defendeu-se tanto a valorização de uma formação para a prática docente quanto melhores condições para a docência.
A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DOS PROGRAMAS BRAFITEC E ENGENHEIRO 3I PARA O APERFEIÇOAMENTO DA INTERNACIONALIZAÇÃO DA UNIVERSIDADE
Authors: CECHIN MARIZETE RIGHI , PILATTI LUIZ ALBERTO , NASCIMENTO DÉCIO ESTEVÃO DO , RAMOND BRUNO
Published: December 2021

RESUMO: O objetivo da presente pesquisa é comparar os Programas Engenheiro 3i com o Brasil France Ingénieur Technologie (Brafitec), quanto às instituições participantes, aos cursos envolvidos, ao financiamento ofertado, às exigências do idioma, ao trabalho em equipe, à presença de empresa parceira, ao conteúdo e à certificação, com o foco em identificar aspectos que podem aperfeiçoar a internacionalização da universidade. Trata-se de um estudo documental de natureza qualitativa. O Programa Engenheiro 3i, apesar de limitações financeiras importantes quando comparado com o Programa Brafitec, destaca-se por proporcionar um percurso formativo complementar, almejando um engenheiro que trabalha em equipe, enfrenta problemas reais e apresenta o domínio comunicativo em três idiomas. Conclui-se que programas de mobilidade produzem lições importantes para a internacionalização da universidade pública brasileira e para melhorar a qualidade do seu ensino e da sua pesquisa. Os três i do Programa, proposto por duas instituições tecnológicas que querem se internacionalizar, aparecem como uma referência importante para pensar o devir da profissão engenheiro num mundo sem fronteiras.
BALANÇO DA PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA SOBRE A POLÍTICA NACIONAL DE EDUCAÇÃO ESPECIAL NA PERSPECTIVA DA EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA (2010-2020)
Authors: RIBEIRO LUANA LEAL , SILVA RENATA MALDONADO DA , MARTÍNEZ SILVIA ALICIA
Published: December 2021

RESUMO: A partir da publicação da Política Nacional de Educação Especial na Perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva (PNEEPEI) no ano de 2008, verificou-se a expansão do setor público no que se refere à oferta de serviços educacionais aos alunos público-alvo da Educação Especial (PAEE), baseando-se na necessidade do estabelecimento de sistemas educacionais inclusivos. Nesse sentido, o lócus da oferta da Educação Especial deveria ser o Atendimento Educacional Especializado oferecido nas escolas regulares, intensificando o investimento de recursos públicos na implementação desses espaços. Porém, no ano de 2017, iniciou-se uma série de discussões com o objetivo de promover a revisão e atualização da PNEEPEI, sob o argumento de que pesquisadores e grupos de pesquisa apontavam diversas críticas com relação à chamada política de educação inclusiva. A minuta com a proposta de atualização divulgada em 2018 estabelecia a possibilidade da oferta de serviços educacionais aos alunos PAEE em classes e escolas especiais, historicamente gerenciadas por instituições privado-assistenciais no País. Destarte, com base na realização de um balanço da produção científica publicado por pesquisadores da área entre os anos de 2010 e 2020, busca-se identificar as principais críticas, positivas e negativas, conferidas à PNEEPEI que possam justificar a necessidade da atualização proposta pelo Ministério da Educação (MEC). Para tal, foram utilizados os descritores “política nacional” e “educação especial” nos portais de busca de Periódicos da CAPES, no portal Scielo e no Google Acadêmico, sendo então selecionados e analisados 20 trabalhos que indicavam contemplar o objetivo aventado pelo presente artigo. A partir das análises realizadas, identificou-se que, na literatura científica, as críticas negativas foram parcialmente incorporadas ao novo texto da política divulgado em setembro de 2020, ao mesmo tempo que as críticas positivas com relação à PNEEPEI foram ignoradas no novo documento.
AUTISMO NA ADOLESCÊNCIA UMA REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA DA LITERATURA
Authors: SERBAI FABIANA , PRIOTTO ELIS MARIA TEIXEIRA PALMA
Published: December 2021

RESUMO: O transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) é considerado um distúrbio do neurodesenvolvimento, caracterizado pela dificuldade de relacionamento interpessoal. Cerca de 1% da população é diagnosticada com esse transtorno em algum nível. A presente revisão investiga como se caracterizam, entre os anos de 2015 e 2020, as publicações científicas nacionais e internacionais de língua espanhola e portuguesa sobre o transtorno do espectro autista na adolescência. Adota metodologia qualitativa com revisão integrativa de literatura nas bases de dados virtuais BVS, Scielo, Lilacs, Medline e PubMed, utilizando os descritores “transtorno do espectro autista”, “autismo”, “transtorno autístico”, “adolescência” e “adolescente”. Delimita os artigos com ênfase no comportamento e inteligência de adolescentes autistas. Tem como resultado nove artigos identificados, sistematizados e analisados. Conclui que existem diferentes olhares sobre o autismo na adolescência e como ponto comum a preocupação com os aspectos relacionados ao comportamento, as habilidades de comunicação e a autonomia.
AFETO/COGNIÇÃO SOCIAL SITUADA/CULTURAS/LINGUAGENS EM USO (ACCL) COMO UNIDADE DE ANÁLISE DO DESENVOLVIMENTO HUMANO
Authors: GOMES MARIA DE FÁTIMA CARDOSO , NEVES ANESSA FERRAZ ALMEIDA
Published: December 2021

RESUMO: ste artigo tece uma discussão teórico-metodológica acerca da compreensão do desenvolvimento cultural de bebês e crianças pequenas por meio do Método da Unidade de Análise do ponto de vista da Teoria Histórico-cultural em diálogo com a Etnografia em Educação. Este diálogo, em que uma abordagem interroga e amplia a outra, possibilitou a construção de uma síntese de interpretação das salas de atividades como uma totalidade indivisível - a unidade de análise [afeto/cognição social situada/culturas/linguagens em uso] (ACCL). Partimos do pressuposto de que os afetos são a essência do humano, que deles deriva nossa cognição, nossa capacidade de conhecer o que se produz como culturas, pela mediação semiótica, pelas linguagens em uso, em situações sociais de desenvolvimento. É fundamental dizer que esses conceitos atuam dialeticamente, uns se opondo aos outros e, ao mesmo tempo, constituindo uns aos outros. Somente com base em uma lógica dialética que admite contradições internas entre a objetivação e a apropriação individual das culturas é que essa unidade de análise pôde ser pensada e colocada em prática em nossas pesquisas. Dessa forma, nosso foco está em compreender o que afeta os bebês e as crianças pequenas no sentido de se criar algo novo em seu desenvolvimento, considerando que a linguagem da pessoa humana não se constitui apenas na oralidade, mas também em outras manifestações, como nos gestos, nas expressões faciais, na movimentação corporal, dentre outros. Assim, bebês e crianças pequenas possuem corpos que falam, que sentem, que pensam, que brincam produzindo sentidos para o mundo.