bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INSTALLATION OF SOLAR-POWERED LIGHTING IN CIRUMPUT VILLAGE, CUGENANG DISTRICT, CIANJUR REGENCY
Authors: Nurhayati Immas , Al Kindi Hablinur , Rahmat Rosyadi Abdu , Suharti Titing , Sutoyo Edi
Published: March 2023

the earthquake that occurred in Cianjur West Java on november 21 resulting in 327 deaths. One of the problems in Kampung Nagrog after the earthquake was lighting. Some places do not have lighting such as toilets, prayer rooms and roads. Lighting is needed because the mobility of residents and volunteers is very high after the earthquake both during the day and at night. Therefore we need a lighting source that stays on if there is a disturbance in the PLN electricity network, is environmentally friendly, and economical. The solution to the problems of Kampung Nagrog after the earthquake disaster is to install solar cell lights. Solar cell lights do not need a PLN electricity network, are environmentally friendly and economical. Solar cell lights are moveable or can be moved easily.
Breaking the Ice: Young Feminist Scholars of Reproductive Politics Reflect on Egg Freezing
Authors: Hammond Kathleen , Cattapan Alana , Haw Jennie , Tarasoff Lesley A.
Published: March 2023

While proponents of social (i.e., nonmedical) egg freezing argue that it is liberating for women, opponents contest that the technology provides an individualist solution to a social problem. This article comprises personal and academic reflections on the debate on social egg freezing from four young women studying reproductive technologies. We challenge the promotion of social egg freezing as an empowering option for women and question cultural assumptions about childbearing, the disclosure of risk, failures to consider sexual diversity and socioeconomic status, and the expansion of the market in reproductive tissues. 
Governments’ accountability for Canada’s pandemic response
Authors: Khoury Lara , Klein Alana , Couture-Ménard Marie-Eve , Hammond Kathleen
Published: March 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic—with its wide-reaching social, political, and economic implications—showcases the importance of public health governance. Governmental accountability is at the forefront of societal preoccupations, as state actors attempt to manage the pandemic by using sweeping emergency powers which grant them significant discretion. Though emergency measures have tremendous impacts on citizens’ lives, elected officials and civil society have little input in how governments wield these powers. We reviewed available mechanisms in Canadian private, constitutional, and criminal law and found them to be unlikely sources of much-needed accountability. Therefore, we propose that provincial and territorial legislatures modify public health legislation to expand mechanisms to foster public confidence in decision-makers, and bolster accountability to parliaments and citizens.

 
Meat-ing Demand: Is In Vitro Meat a Pragmatic, Problematic, or Paradoxical Solution?
Authors: Lee Angela
Published: March 2023

Even in the midst of an ecological crisis, population and income continue to increase and so too does the global appetite for meat. One response by scientists has been to work towards making in vitro meat (IVM) a commercial reality, which would allow meat to be produced on a large scale without the husbandry and slaughter of enormous numbers of animals, as under the current industrial meat production system. Proponents of IVM technology claim that it could cut hunger, offer public health benefits, mitigate the environmental effects of conventional industrial meat production, and improve animal welfare. However, taking a critical, ecofeminist perspective on IVM highlights the need to assess not only the technical attributes and possibilities of the technology but also its underlying worldview as well as the unintended social and environmental consequences that could result. Reflecting on the question of whether IVM is a pragmatic, problematic, or paradoxical solution to the ills associated with industrial meat production and increasing meat consumption, this article argues that optimistic claims trumpeting the promissory potential of IVM are over-simplistic and warrant closer scrutiny. The importance of careful deliberation on the implications of emerging technologies like IVM cannot be understated because how the ethical discourse unfolds in the early stages will be significant in influencing public perception and social acceptance as well as shaping policy and regulatory design.
Safe Country of Origin: Constructing the Irregularity of Asylum Seekers in Canada
Authors: Atak Idil
Published: March 2023

This article discusses the role of Canada’s Designated Country of Origin (DCO) policy in the illegalization of asylum seekers. The policy allows the government to designate countries in which it is presumed that citizens do not face risks of persecution, torture, or similar abuse. Refugee claimants from DCOs are thus subject to accelerated processing timelines with reduced rights. Canada has implemented the policy as a way to deal with a backlog of asylum applications, increase efﬁciency, and exclude fraudulent refugee claims. Based on a primary ﬁeld research conducted between October 2015 and May 2017 in three provinces, Quebec, Ontario, and British Columbia, this article argues that the DCO policy is likely to have the unintended effect of shifting asylum seekers into an irregular status.
La mesure relative aux « pays d’origine désignés » : une analyse des liens entre la politique d’asile et la migration irrégulière au Canada
Authors: Atak Idil
Published: March 2023

Les migrants irréguliers sont des personnes qui entrent, résident ou travaillent dans un pays dont ils n’ont pas la nationalité, sans autorisation de ce pays. Comme le note Alejandro Portes, les causes de la migration irrégulière sont liées aux facteurs structurels tant dans les pays d’origine que de destination. L’existence d’une économie informelle et l’absence de voies de migration légale dans le pays de destination peuvent amplifier ce phénomène, tout comme des conditions strictes relatives à l’immigration. Des procédures bureaucratiques compliquées ou inefficaces peuvent constituer autant d’obstacles pour ceux qui souhaitent obtenir, prolonger, renouveler ou changer un permis de travail ou de séjour. Il en est de même des politiques d’asile qui deviennent de plus en plus restrictives dans les pays industrialisés. En effet, la reconnaissance du statut de réfugié représente un réel défi pour les demandeurs d’asile qui se présentent irrégulièrement aux frontières d’un État ou se trouvent en situation irrégulière sur son territoire.
Montreal’s Sanctuary Policy for Non-Status Migrants: Opportunity and Obstacles
Authors: Atak Idil , Hudson Graham
Published: March 2023

In February 2017, the city of Montreal adopted a policy entitled Access to Municipal Services Without Fear with a view to allowing non-status migrants to access some municipal programs and services without fear of being arrested and removed from Canada. This article offers a critical analysis of the city of Montreal’s policy. We discuss the main barriers to implementation, namely, the limited jurisdictional power and authority of the city in migration matters and the municipal police’s refusal to comply with the policy. We draw on the conceptual framework of the sanctuary city to argue that the municipality crafted creative solutions to barriers as part of its bid to make the city more inclusive.

 
L’Agence Frontex : la police européenne aux frontières au défi du respect des droits humains des migrants
Authors: Atak Idil
Published: March 2023

This article examines the expansion of the mandate of the European Border and Coast Guard Agency (Frontex) since its creation in 2005. It analyzes the impact of the Agency's growing powers on the human rights of migrants. As shown by the 2020 New Pact on Migration and Asylum, the Agency enjoys strong political support for its integrated management of the external borders of the EU Member States. In particular, Frontex can carry out joint maritime, land and air operations and forced removals, in addition to deploying agents in third countries. In 2021, a permanent contingent of the European Border and Coast Guard with enforcement powers will be established. We argue that this unprecedented reinforcement of Frontex’s powers reflects the preference of the EU and its Member States to respond to migratory pressure primarily by securitizing their borders in order to deter unwanted migrants. This approach is not only counterproductive but also leads to serious violations of the rights of migrants, including asylum seekers. Despite some changes in the Agency's mandate to improve the rights' protection framework the lack of clear rules for the determination of Frontex's responsibility in joint operations and the absence of an effective remedy for rights violations remain particularly problematic.
Migration, Security, and Resistance: Global and Local Perspectives
Authors: Hudson Graham , Atak Idil
Published: March 2023

This volume explores the digitization, privatization, and spatial displacement of border security and the effects these have on political accountability and migrant rights.

The governance of security and migration is unfolding in new political spaces. Cooperation and competition among immigration officials, border guards, transnational security corporations, IT companies, local police, and international organizations has decoupled migration governance from national political structures. The chapters in the volume examine how these dynamics affect the deployment and constraint of sovereign power in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and the EU. Contributors trace this process from the disciplinary perspectives of law, political science, sociology, criminology, and geography. Part I of the book explores the reconfiguration of security and migration governance through historical processes of privatization, digitization, and the rescaling of border control technologies to local and global spaces. Part II explores how migrant rights actors have responded by rescaling resistance to global and local levels.

This book will be of much interest to students of critical security studies, global governance, migration studies, and international relations.
“A Responsible and Committed City”: Montréal’s Sanctuary Policy
Authors: Atak Idil
Published: March 2023

In February 2017, Montréal committed to allowing non-status migrants to access some municipal programs and services without fear of being arrested, detained, and removed from Canada. This chapter provides a critical analysis of the emergence and the operation of Montréal’s sanctuary city policy, formally known as “Responsible and Committed City.” A reflection is offered on whether and to what extent the local policy effectively allows non-status migrants to access municipal services without fear of being arrested and deported. It is argued that Montréal’s sanctuary city policy has emerged as a top-down approach, in reaction to the punitive measures against refugees and non-status migrants by the United States and globally. Although the City has shown a genuine commitment to improve non-status migrants’ lives, it has been difficult to translate positive municipal initiatives into effective implementation. A main barrier has been the limited jurisdictional power and authority of the City in migration matters. In addition, Montréal’s policy is seriously curtailed by the municipal police, who treat non-status migrants as criminals.
The Problems and Prospects of the Post-War Development of Enterprises in the Sphere of Urban Life Provision, Taking into Account the Entrepreneurial Component
Authors:   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Dymchenko Olena V. , Smachylo Valentyna V. ,   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Rudachenko Olhа O. ,   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Khailo Yana M. ,   O. M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv
Published: March 2023

The publication defines the components of a characterization of the life provision system, its importance and impact on the quality of life of the population, the level of socioeconomic development of cities, regions, and the country. The essence of the sphere of urban life provision and its components, within terms of which subjects of various forms of ownership, size and types of economic activity operate, are characterized. The components of the characterization of the life provision system as a subject of research reflect various contradictions of its functioning: it is an object of both spatial economy (regional structure and scales) and industry specifics (multifunctional complex – housing, transport, water supply, etc.), which provides services to the population and enterprises. Thus, life provision enterprises operate according to special technologies inherent in each individual industry (water supply – physicochemical processes; energy and heat supply – heat generation, heat exchange, transportation technologies; residential sector – repair, construction, plumbing works, etc.). Urban economic systems work to maintain the lives of residents at a quality level. These systems represent a large, diversified and extensive infrastructure of institutions and enterprises. It is determined that the sphere of urban life provision is provided by the activities of enterprises of various forms of ownership, operating according to different types of economic activity. Their activities, as well as the activities of other economic entities, are influenced by russia’s military actions on the territory of Ukraine, which caused challenges that entrepreneurs of the world have not faced yet. It is proved that enterprises in the sphere of urban life provision expect post-war transformations, which will be expressed in the refusal of people to use centralized services of electricity, gas, heat, water supply, that is, there will be an increase in the level of individualization. As a result of the carried out analysis, the problems faced by life provision enterprises are identified. The directions of post-war transformation of the components of the sphere of urban life provision and their effects regarding the quality of life of the population and the development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine are substantiated.
Adapting the Transport Enterprises of Ukraine to the Conditions of Martial Law
Authors:   State University of Trade and Economics / Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics, Luchnikova Tatyana P. , Tarnovska Iryna V. ,   State University of Infrastructure and Technologies, Vorobiov Yevhenii V. ,   State University of Infrastructure and Technologies
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the article is to study the process of adaptation of transport enterprises of Ukraine to the conditions of martial law and the development of the main directions of development or recovery of transport enterprises in the conditions of war and in the post-war period. The consequences of the ongoing since February 24, 2022 full-scale invasion of the russian federation for transport infrastructure are noted. It is specified that constant missile attacks force representatives of all spheres of management to adapt to existence in wartime conditions. It is substantiated that effective repulsion to the aggressive plans of the russian federation largely depends on the ability of transport enterprises to quickly respond to martial law conditions: timely evacuate the population from zones of war hostilities; deliver humanitarian aid; transport the necessary cargoes of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, as well as transport other goods, including the articles of export and import, which are the basis for the formation of gross domestic product. It is noted that from the first day of russia’s military invasion of the territory of our country, the relevant State authorities in tandem with the leadership of all transport enterprises introduced a number of measures of first priority. As a result of the study, the authors highlight a list of implemented first-priority measures by the State authorities and the directors of transport administrations in the first months of russia’s full-scale invasion, which shows a high level of adaptation of the transport sector of Ukraine to the conditions of existence in the new realities of martial law. The authors emphasized that, despite the great destruction of transport infrastructure, works are constantly carried out to restore and open new logistics hubs to support the national economy and restore the status of the export country. The conducted research shows that under the current economic conditions caused by russia’s military aggression, Ukrainian transport enterprises were able to quickly respond and adapt to military conditions, managed to quickly find reserves for restoring and maintaining uninterrupted operation, thanks to which the national economy was able to survive, and Ukraine – to maintain the status of an export country in order to remain a guarantor of food security in many countries over the world.
Anti-Fraud During the War
Authors:   State University of Trade and Economics / Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics, Nezhyva Mariia O. , Mysiuk Viktoriia O. ,   State University of Trade and Economics / Kyiv National University of Trade and Economics
Published: March 2023

In consequence of the hostilities in Ukraine, business was forced to take measures to optimize business processes. This situation is not only a threat to the country's economy and business, but also creates additional opportunities for corporate fraud. The aim of the article is to study the impact of economic crimes and fraud on the development of entrepreneurship in Ukraine. The information base of the research is official information and scientific publications. The research was conducted using the following methods: monographic; analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction; system analysis; classification and analytical; graphic. The article stipulates that the prevention of fraud and other economic crimes is a complex task that is further complicated by the modern unstable landscape of military-economic risks. After all, organizations act quickly, trying to adapt to changes with minimal losses for business, while fraudsters are trying to use potentially growing risks. Several actions are proposed to help fill in the lacunas in the system of overcoming economic fraud, namely: preliminary formation of a potential risk management system; availability of backup technology with management, knowledge, and monitoring; availability of operational ability to enhance, sort, and respond to risks. Unfortunately, even those who have invested in anti-fraud technology have expressed concerns about its best deployment, referring to significant costs as the biggest obstacle to the introduction of preventive technologies. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the global economic space and its relentless challenges regularly create new opportunities for fraud. Unfortunately, businesses need more time to adapt to market changes than fraudsters need to take advantage of the change in a timely manner. As the average financial impact of fraud increases worldwide, the ability to respond effectively is becoming increasingly important.
The Development of Higher Education Institutions in the Context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Authors:   National Technical University «Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute», Illiashenko Serhii M. , Shypulina Yuliia S. ,   National Technical University «Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute», Illiashenko Nataliia S. ,   Sumy State Pedagogical University named after A. S. Makarenko
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the article is to identify and systematize promising directions and problems of development of higher education institutions in the context of the fourth industrial revolution (IR4.0), taking into account the influence of its main technologies and the innovations created on their basis for both the labor market and the personel training system. According to the results of the carried out analysis, in accordance with the proposed sequence of procedures (technologies; innovations created on their basis; consequences of their introduction; impacts on the labor market and the personel training system), the possibilities and threats to the development of higher education institutions caused by the introduction of IR4.0 technologies are identified and systematized. Taking account of them, promising directions for the development of higher education institutions are defined, the problems of their implementation are outlined. A systematization of the selected directions is carried out according to the incentives that create conditions for their implementation. A schematic diagram of the functioning of a higher education institution in the conditions of IR4.0 as a self-managed system is proposed, which, by analogy with industrial enterprises, allows combining with the help of IR4.0 technologies into a single complex the following: human potential (staff and students); resource potential (tangible and intangible resources); processes (scientific, educational and auxiliary), etc. The practical aspects of using favorable opportunities for innovative development based on IR4.0 technologies by leading universities of Ukraine are considered. The obtained results together deepen the fundamental aspects of innovative management of a higher education institution in terms of improving the approach to the formation of the methodological base of the organizational and economic mechanism for managing strategies for its innovative development in the context of IR4.0. Further research should be aimed at developing methodological approaches to management according to formalized procedures for the selection and implementation of strategies for the innovative development of higher education institutions in the context of IR4.0, which is rapidly gaining strength.
Pelatihan Pembukuan Dasar Sederhana bagi PKK pelaku usaha kecil di Kelurahan Keputran Surabaya
Authors:   Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya Indonesia, Wehartaty Tineke , Handoko Jesica ,   Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya Indonesia, Shanti Shanti ,   Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya Indonesia, Irawan Ronny ,   Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya Indonesia
Published: March 2023

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan memberikan edukasi dan mendidik peserta pelatihan agar mampu mengolah data keuangan yang diperolehnya selama berusaha sehingga data tersebut dapat menjadi informasi yang bermanfaat bagi perkembangan bisnis. Namun pada prakteknya, banyak UMKM yang tidak melaksanakan pembukuan dasar akuntansi karena tidak memiliki pengetahuan pembukuan dasar akuntansi. Sejumlah 19 orang peserta yang berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan ini menunjukkan respon positif, dan berharap pelatihan ini dapat berlanjut di masa mendatang. Melalui pembinaan lebih lanjut antara pihak akademisi maupun pemilik UMKM diharapkan dapat bermanfaat bagi semua pihak.
Pengembangan Jiwa Dan Kecerdasan Wirausaha Untuk Meningkatkan Ekonomi Keluarga Muda Gkjw Jemaat Darmo Surabaya
Authors:   Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya, Wardani Puruwita , Nagel P. Julius ,   Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Surabaya
Published: March 2023

Pengembangan jiwa dan kecerdasan berwirausaha penting ditumbuhkan di lingkungan keluarga muda di tengah perekomomian yang semakin sulit. Pemikiran yang kreatif diperlukan untuk menumbuhkan jiwa dan kecerdasan berwirausaha. Kelancaran dalam berwirausaha penting juga didukung oleh pemahaman pencatatan akuntansi yang benar. Pengenalan akan persamaan dasar akuntansi serta penentuan harga pokok produksi yang sederhana memiliki manfaat di dalam menganalisis laba atau rugi suatu usaha. Dengan demikian, melalui semangat berwirausaha serta pemahaman dalam pencatatan akuntansi yang benar diharapkan dapat meningkatkan ekonomi keluarga muda
Membangun Etos Kerja Karyawan Baru di Paroki Surabaya
Authors:   Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya Indonesia, Wulani Fenika , Rahmawati Veronika ,   Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University Indonesia, Junaedi Marliana ,   Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University Indonesia, Erwita Monica Adjeng ,   Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University Indonesia
Published: March 2023

Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh sumberdaya manusia yang memiliki etos kerja yang positif. Kegiatan penyuluhan etos kerja dilakukan pada Rabu 30 Januari pk 19.30-21.20. Jumlah peserta yang hadir adalah 9 orang OMK di Paroki Salib Suci Tropodo Surabaya. Peserta pengabdian masyarakat sangat antusias karena mengikuti diskusi dengan semangat.
Pemberdayaan Pengusaha Kripik Berbahan Dasar Umbi-Umbian dengan Meningkatkan Kreativitas Bauran Pemasaran Untuk Menambah Penghasilan Keluarga di Pacet Mojokerto
Authors:   Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University Indonesia, Lindawati Tuty , Suhartatik Ani ,   Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University Indonesia, Arini Arini ,   Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University Indonesia, Nagel P. Julius ,   Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University Indonesia, Muljani Ninuk ,   Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University Indonesia
Published: March 2023

Pemberdayaan merupakan suatu proses yang membangun manusia melalui pengembangan kemampuan, perubahan perilaku, dan pengorganisasian. Dengan pemberdayaan tersebut diharapkan manusia dapat menciptakan kreatifitas yang ada pada dirinya sehingga dapat memunculan gagasan atau konsep baru, di mana produk yang dipasarkan dapat meningkat. Dalam memasarkan produk diperlukan strategi bauran pemasaran, yang terdiri dari strategi produk, strategi harga, strategi tempat/distribusi, dan strategi promosi. Strategi bauran pemasaran antara yang satu dengan yang lainnya saling berkaitan, sehingga tidak dapat dijalankan sendiri-sendiri.
PENDAMPINGAN PROKES MELALUI KEIGIATAN KKN BACK TO VILLAGE DI RT 05 KELURAHAN PLOSO SURABAYA
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya Indonesia, Kurniawati Tri
Published: March 2023

Masa pandemic covid 19 yang terjadi semenjak akhir 2019 telah mengubah pola perilaku masarakat, tak terkecuali masayrakat Indonesia. Dunia Pendidikan dalam hal ini ada sistem pembelajaran juga terdapat perubahan, yang awalnya jarang menggunakan pemeblajaran jarak jauh anatu online, sekarang menjadi hal yang tak langka lagi terutama di kalangan Pendidikan Tinggi. Pelaksanaan KKN di era pandemi ini juga harus menyesuaikan dengan regulasi serta kondisi wilayah pada saat pelaksanaan KKN. Salah satau strategi pelkasanaan KKN di era pandemi yang dilakukan oleh UMSurabaya adalah KKN Back to Village (BTV) dengan harapan dapat dilaksanakan dari daerah dan tempat masing-masing mahasiwa atau wilalayah terdekat. Pelaksanaan KKN BTV di keluranahan Ploso RT 05 berjalan lancar dan dapat sambutan baik dari masyarakat. Program yang dilakukan adalah edukasi kepada masyarakay untuk tetap mentaati prokes dalam kegiatan sehari-hari karena pandemic masih belum berakir.
EDUKASI STOP BULLYING PADA ANAK
Authors:   Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya Indonesia, Sa'ida Naili , Kurnuawati Tri ,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya Indonesia, Wahyuni Holy Ichda ,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya Indonesia
Published: March 2023

This study aims to educate children not to bully their friends or those around them. The research method used in this research is qualitative. Data collection techniques using documentation, interviews and observations. Data analysis using triangulation technique. The results showed that with stop bullying education, children were able to introduce children to the types of bullying, children were also able to know that bullying is an act that harms others, and children know the impact of bullying
ICT Utilization Variables and Gender Differences in Predicting Science Achievement and Global Competency by Randomforest
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Lee KyungSook
Published: March 2023

The study analyzed the difference in ICT competency between genders as a predictive variable for science achievement and global competence using PISA 2018 data. By examining the influence of gender as a predictive variable, the study also investigated differences by gender in ICT education. In this study, ICT competency was set as an independent variable and science achievement and global competence as dependent variables in order to more accurately distinguish the predictive differences between ICT competencies and provide objective results as guidance for improving students' ICT utilization in different situations. The PISA data released to date does not reflect changes due to the COVID-19 situation. Based on the results of this study, analyzing the results reflecting the COVID-19 situation will be suggested as a future research topic. The study used the random forest analysis method and partial dependence plots to confirm feature importance and static/non-static effects. The results were visualized to facilitate analysis of the differences using data visualization materials.
Effect of the New Diagnosis Related Group-based System for Reinforcement of Health Insurance Coverage on Hospital Management Performance
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Han Suyoung , Yoon Jun Young
Published: March 2023

This study analyzed the difference in health insurance coverage rates between the new diagnosis related group-based system and the fee-for-service system in order to examine the effect of the new diagnosis related group-based system on hospital management performance to health insurance coverage Reinforce ment. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect on medical expenses. For this purpose, 6,703 patients who were discharged from the new diagnosis related group-based system. The results obtained in this study are as follows. First, when the new diagnosis related group-based system and the fee-for-service system were applied, the total billed medical cost, that is, the health insurance coverage ratio, showed that the new comprehensive fee increased more than the fee-for-service rate. Second, it was found that the total medical expenses, claimed total medical expenses, legal out-of-pocket medical expenses. Third, there was a correlation between the length of stay and the total cost of treatment by activity, and the number of days and age.
Strategies to promote tendon-bone healing after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: Present and future
Authors: Tian Bin , Zhang Ming , Kang Xin
Published: March 2023

At present, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction still has a high failure rate. Tendon graft and bone tunnel surface angiogenesis and bony ingrowth are the main physiological processes of tendon-bone healing, and also the main reasons for the postoperative efficacy of ACL reconstruction. Poor tendon-bone healing has been also identified as one of the main causes of unsatisfactory treatment outcomes. The physiological process of tendon-bone healing is complicated because the tendon-bone junction requires the organic fusion of the tendon graft with the bone tissue. The failure of the operation is often caused by tendon dislocation or scar healing. Therefore, it is important to study the possible risk factors for tendon-bone healing and strategies to promote it. This review comprehensively analyzed the risk factors contributing to tendon-bone healing failure after ACL reconstruction. Additionally, we discuss the current strategies used to promote tendon-bone healing following ACL reconstruction.
Hepatitis C virus fitness can influence the extent of infection-mediated epigenetic modifications in the host cells
Authors: García-Crespo Carlos , Francisco-Recuero Irene , Gallego Isabel , Camblor-Murube Marina , Soria María Eugenia , López-López Ana , de Ávila Ana Isabel , Madejón Antonio , García-Samaniego Javier , Domingo Esteban , Sánchez-Pacheco Aurora , Perales Celia
Published: March 2023

Introduction

Cellular epigenetic modifications occur in the course of viral infections. We previously documented that hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection of human hepatoma Huh-7.5 cells results in a core protein-mediated decrease of Aurora kinase B (AURKB) activity and phosphorylation of Serine 10 in histone H3 (H3Ser10ph) levels, with an affectation of inflammatory pathways. The possible role of HCV fitness in infection-derived cellular epigenetic modifications is not known.

Methods

Here we approach this question using HCV populations that display a 2.3-fold increase in general fitness (infectious progeny production), and up to 45-fold increase of the exponential phase of intracellular viral growth rate, relative to the parental HCV population.

Results

We show that infection resulted in a HCV fitness-dependent, average decrease of the levels of H3Ser10ph, AURKB, and histone H4 tri-methylated at Lysine 20 (H4K20m3) in the infected cell population. Remarkably, the decrease of H4K20m3, which is a hallmark of cellular transformation, was significant upon infection with high fitness HCV but not upon infection with basal fitness virus.

Discussion

Here we propose two mechanisms ─which are not mutually exclusive─ to explain the effect of high viral fitness: an early advance in the number of infected cells, or larger number of replicating RNA molecules per cell. The implications of introducing HCV fitness as an influence in virus-host interactions, and for the course of liver disease, are warranted. Emphasis is made in the possibility that HCV-mediated hepatocellular carcinoma may be favoured by prolonged HCV infection of a human liver, a situation in which viral fitness is likely to increase.
Tumor bacterial markers diagnose the initiation and four stages of colorectal cancer
Authors: Cai Ping , Xiong Jinbo , Sha Haonan , Dai Xiaoyu , Lu Jiaqi
Published: March 2023

Increasing evidence has supported dysbiosis in the faecal microbiome along control-adenoma-carcinoma sequence. In contrast, the data is lacking for in situ tumor bacterial community over colorectal cancer (CRC) progression, resulting in the uncertainties of identifying CRC-associated taxa and diagnosing the sequential CRC stages. Through comprehensive collection of benign polyps (BP, N = 45) and the tumors (N = 50) over the four CRC stages, we explored the dynamics of bacterial communities over CRC progression using amplicons sequencing. Canceration was the primarily factor governing the bacterial community, followed by the CRC stages. Besides confirming known CRC-associated taxa using differential abundance, we identified new CRC driver species based on their keystone features in NetShift, including Porphyromonas endodontalis, Ruminococcus torques and Odoribacter splanchnicus. Tumor environments were less selective for stable core community, resulting in heterogeneity in bacterial communities over CRC progression, as supported by higher average variation degree, lower occupancy and specificity compared with BP. Intriguingly, tumors could recruit beneficial taxa antagonizing CRC-associated pathogens at CRC initiation, a pattern known as “cry-for-help”. By distinguishing age- from CRC stage-associated taxa, the top 15 CRC stage-discriminatory taxa contributed an overall 87.4% accuracy in diagnosing BP and each CRC stage, in which no CRC patients were falsely diagnosed as BP. The accuracy of diagnosis model was unbiased by human age and gender. Collectively, our findings provide new CRC-associated taxa and updated interpretations for CRC carcinogenesis from an ecological perspective. Moving beyond stratifying case-control, the CRC-stage discriminatory taxa could add the diagnosis of BP and the four CRC stages, especially the patients with poor pathological feature and un-reproducibility between two observers.
Transcatheter valvular therapies in patients with left ventricular assist devices
Authors: Dagher Olina , Santaló-Corcoy Marcel , Perrin Nils , Dorval Jean-François , Duggal Neal , Modine Thomas , Ducharme Anique , Lamarche Yoan , Noly Pierre-Emmanuel , Asgar Anita , Ben Ali Walid
Published: March 2023

Aortic, mitral and tricuspid valve regurgitation are commonly encountered in patients with continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices (CF-LVADs). These valvular heart conditions either develop prior to CF-LVAD implantation or are induced by the pump itself. They can all have significant detrimental effects on patients' survival and quality of life. With the improved durability of CF-LVADs and the overall rise in their volume of implants, an increasing number of patients will likely require a valvular heart intervention at some point during CF-LVAD therapy. However, these patients are often considered poor reoperative candidates. In this context, percutaneous approaches have emerged as an attractive “off-label” option for this patient population. Recent data show promising results, with high device success rates and rapid symptomatic improvements. However, the occurrence of distinct complications such as device migration, valve thrombosis or hemolysis remain of concern. In this review, we will present the pathophysiology of valvular heart disease in the setting of CF-LVAD support to help us understand the underlying rationale of these potential complications. We will then outline the current recommendations for the management of valvular heart disease in patients with CF-LVAD and discuss their limitations. Lastly, we will summarize the evidence related to transcatheter heart valve interventions in this patient population.
Meta-analysis and systematic review of coronary vasospasm in ANOCA patients: Prevalence, clinical features and prognosis
Authors: Woudstra Janneke , Vink Caitlin E. M. , Schipaanboord Diantha J. M. , Eringa Etto C. , den Ruijter Hester M. , Feenstra Rutger G. T. , Boerhout Coen K. M. , Beijk Marcel A. M. , de Waard Guus A. , Ong Peter , Seitz Andreas , Sechtem Udo , Piek Jan J. , van de Hoef Tim P. , Appelman Yolande
Published: March 2023

Background

Coronary artery spasm (CAS), encompassing epicardial and microvascular spasm, is increasingly recognized as cause of angina in patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (ANOCA). However, various spasm provocation testing protocols and diagnostic criteria are used, making diagnosis and characterization of these patients difficult and interpretation of study results cumbersome. This review provides a structured overview of the prevalence, characterization and prognosis of CAS worldwide in men and women.

Methods

A systematic review identifying studies describing ANOCA patients with CAS was performed. Multiple outcomes (prevalence, clinical features, and prognosis) were assessed. Data, except for prognosis were pooled and analysed using random effects meta-analysis models.

Results

Twenty-five publications (N = 14.554) were included (58.2 years; 44.2% women). Percentages of epicardial constriction to define epicardial spasm ranged from >50% to >90%. Epicardial spasm was prevalent in 43% (range 16–73%), with a higher prevalence in Asian vs. Western World population (52% vs. 33%, p = 0.014). Microvascular spasm was prevalent in 25% (range 7–39%). Men were more likely to have epicardial spasm (61%), women were more likely to have microvascular spasm (64%). Recurrent angina is frequently reported during follow-up ranging from 10 to 53%.

Conclusion

CAS is highly prevalent in ANOCA patients, where men more often have epicardial spasm, women more often have microvascular spasm. A higher prevalence of epicardial spasm is demonstrated in the Asian population compared to the Western World. The prevalence of CAS is high, emphasizing the use of unambiguous study protocols and diagnostic criteria and highlights the importance of routine evaluation of CAS in men and women with ANOCA.

Systematic Review Registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=272100.
ErbB- and MUC1-targeted CAR-T cell immunotherapy of oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Summers Saffron E. , Salih Vehid , Foey Andrew D.
Published: March 2023

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy has shown great success in treating B cell malignancies; however, there are many challenges that limit their therapeutic efficacy in solid tumours. Immunotherapy of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and, in particular, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), presents a unique set of challenges including lack of consistently expressed tumour associated antigens (TAAs) and the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment (TME). Currently, there are few clinical trials investigating the use of CAR-T cells in HNSCC/OSCC; however, results from trials investigating similar solid tumours, such as breast cancer, can be adopted to help evaluate the use of CAR-T in this cancer. In this review, the process of CAR-T cell engineering and different generations of these cells will be summarised, highlighting their potential use in treating HNSCC through targeting ErbB and MUC1; TAAs highly expressed by this solid tumour. Potential strategies including combination therapy, utilising both TAA-targeting CAR-Ts and immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as PD-L1, have been discussed, in an attempt to develop synergistic anti-tumour responses. In addition to this, the use of dual-targeting CAR-T cells, synthetic NOTCH (synNOTCH) receptors and alternative non-tumour targets of the TME have been reviewed. Such combination therapies have been shown to help limit solid tumour progression and enhance both the safety and efficacy of CAR-T cell immunotherapy, which may be adopted for the treatment and management of OSCC.
Analysis of displacement evolution characteristics of reverse-dip layered rock slope based on geological geometric partition
Authors: Hu Nanxiang , Zhang Jiabing , Teng Lin , Lu Yiping , Li Yingchun , Li Xiaoshuang , Zhu Chun
Published: March 2023

To investigate the toppling displacement evolution characteristics of anti-dip rock slopes, the Xiaodongcao-Zhengjiadagou bank slope is taken as an engineering case, and firstly, the geological geometric distribution characteristics of the slope are obtained by superimposing the lithology, slope, and elevation raster layers of the slope through ArcGIS, and the geological partition with the largest area is the Lower Triassic Daye Formation, bottom elevation, and medium slope; based on the actual surface displacement monitoring data, the spatio-temporal evolution nephogram of toppling displacement of bank slope every half year is interpolated by Inverse Distance Weight method, and then the last displacement nephogram is assigned to the thousandth and superimposed with the geological geometric partition to obtain the displacement superposition characteristics. The results show that: the obvious zone of horizontal displacement deformation mainly occurs in the front and middle of the bank slope, mainly shear deformation, vertical displacement is primarily in the front and the back edge of the bank slope and the total displacement deformation is more similar to the horizontal displacement; the horizontal displacement value is larger than the vertical displacement value, the horizontal displacement deformation controls the overall deformation of the bank slope; through the analysis of the geometric superposition evolution of the anti-dip rock slope, the displacement superposition strong deformation zone is located at the boundary between the Triassic Jialingjiang Formation (T1j) and the Triassic Daye Formation (T1d).
Assessing the quality of early childhood education and care in Australia: Challenges and opportunities
Authors: Cohrssen Caroline , de Rosnay Marc , Garvis Susanne , Neilsen-Hewett Cathrine
Published: March 2023

While access to quality education in early childhood is an international priority, the characteristics of quality continue to be debated. In the Australian context, differing views on the characteristics of quality may be a result of differing stakeholder priorities. Divergent notions of quality may lead to initiatives that emphasize educator practice and frame a dominant discourse that situates responsibility for enactment of quality at Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) service room level. Challenges arising from initiatives driving increased access to ECEC coinciding with workforce shortages are addressed. National longitudinal research is needed to determine the impact of participation in ECEC on child outcomes, as is ECEC quality assessment across regions and jurisdictions over time. Prior to this, stakeholder conversations are needed to achieve consensus on the characteristics of quality. This could lead to the development of an instrument for assessing quality that is systemically relevant and could inform evidence-based decision making by ECEC teachers and educators, primary caregivers, regulators, researchers and policy makers to distribute accountability for quality across the ECEC system.
Lack of association between leptin concentrations and cystic fibrosis: A meta-analysis and regression
Authors: Qi Hong , Liu Hairong , Zheng Pengcheng , He Jie
Published: March 2023

Background

Leptin (LEP) acts as a proinflammatory cytokine and may play an important role in the pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis (CF). This review aimed to assess the quantitative difference in leptin status between CF patients and non-CF controls.

Methods

In this study, the researchers conducted systematic searches of various databases, such as PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure. The data collected from the above databases were assessed using the Stata 11.0 and R 4.1.3 software. The correlation coefficients and the Standardized Mean Differences (SMD) were employed to assess the effect size. A combination analysis was also carried out with the help of either a fixed-effects or random-effects model. In addition, the single-cell sequencing GSE193782 dataset was obtained to determine the mRNA expression levels of LEP and leptin receptor (LEPR) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, to verify the different leptin expression between the CF patients and healthy controls.

Results

A total of 919 CF patients and 397 controls from 14 articles were included in this study. CF patients and non-CF controls showed similar serum/plasma leptin levels. Gender, specimen testing, age, and study design were all taken into account for carrying out subgroup analyses. The results revealed no variations in serum/plasma leptin levels between the controls and CF patients in the various subgroups. Female CF patients exhibited higher leptin concentrations compared to male CF patients, and male healthy individuals showed lower leptin levels than female healthy participants. Aside from the fact that serum/plasma leptin appeared to be favorably linked to fat mass and BMI, the findings in this study also indicated that serum/plasma concentrations were not associated with Forced Expiratory Volume in the first second (FEV1). No statistically significant differences were observed in the leptin and leptin receptor mRNA expression levels between the healthy controls and CF patients. The leptin receptor and leptin expression levels in alveolar lavage fluid were low in various cells, without any distinctive distribution patterns.

Conclusions

The current meta-analysis indicated the absence of significant differences in leptin levels between CF patients and healthy individuals. Gender, fat mass, and BMI may all be correlated with leptin concentrations.

Systematic review registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022380118.