bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Meta-analysis of Corporate Governance and Financial Performance of Financial Institutions in Uganda
Authors: - BALIKUDDEMBE NASSER , - WAKABI RAHMA
Published: July 2024

Purpose: The objectives of this meta-analysis are to look at how corporate governance practices affect firm value, how financial performance indicators and firm value relate to each other, how corporate governance affects economic performance, and how financial performance functions as a mediator in the relationship between corporate governance and firm value.
Methodology: A desk methodology was used in this investigation. Secondary data collection is a common term used to describe a desk study research design. Because it is less expensive than field research, gathering data from already existing resources is preferred. Because the data was readily available through online journals and libraries, our current study examined previously published studies and reports.
Findings: Research on the relationship between corporate governance mechanisms and firm performance is complicated, with conflicting results pointing to both beneficial and detrimental consequences. Robust corporate governance practices, such as CEO duality, ownership structure, board independence, and audit quality, are generally linked to increased firm performance. These systems improve the organization's strategic decision-making, accountability, and transparency, which improves financial results and lowers agency costs and shareholder value. However, a variety of contextual factors, including industry dynamics, legal frameworks, and cultural norms, can affect how effective these mechanisms are. While some research emphasizes the beneficial relationship between corporate governance practices and firm performance, other research raises concerns about possible drawbacks and emphasizes the necessity of ongoing adjustment to shifting market conditions.
Implications to Theory, Practice, and Policy: Potential theoretical frameworks for future research evaluating the effects of corporate governance mechanisms on firm performance in Uganda include agency theory, stewardship theory, and resource dependence theory. To increase governance effectiveness, practitioners should give priority to increasing board independence and diversity. Legislators ought to impose legal frameworks that encourage accountability, openness, and moral conduct in corporate governance procedures.
Formulation and Evaluation of Extended Release Matrix Tablets of Lamotrigine
Authors: - Vimalraj M , - Sakthivel D , - Rameena P , - Kumarasamy Raja D
Published: July 2024

For extended release drug delivery systems, the oral route of drug administration has, by far received more attention as it is natural uncomplicated, convenient and safer route. Matrix tablets composed of drug and release retarding material (e.g. polymer) offer the simplest approach in designing the extended release system. Long-term adherence to anti-epilepsy drug (AED) regimens is frequently suboptimal. Poor adherence to therapy is associated with a number of negative consequences, including an increase in patient seizures and mortality. The present study was aimed to study the effect of Chitosan and Sodium Alginate on the release rate Lamotrigine for the preparation of extended release formulations. Matrix Tablets were prepared by wet granulation method and subjected for Physiochemical and in-vitro evaluation tests. The results were shown that the prepared were found to be within the pharmacopeial limit and with good release characteristics.
Formulation and Evaluation of Polyherbal Antidiabetic Tablet
Authors: - Payal S. Prajapati , - Siddhi R. Patel , - Dr. Vaishali Sharma , - Dr. D.B Meshram
Published: July 2024

About 60% of people use traditional medicines that are made from medicinal plants. This article focuses on Indian herbal medicines and plants that are utilized, particularly in India, to treat diabetes. Diabetes is a serious illness that affects many people worldwide from all areas of life. It is proven to be a serious health issue in India, particularly in the cities. Although there are many ways to lessen diabetes' negative effects and its secondary complications, herbal formulations are preferred because they have fewer side effects and are less expensive. A list of medicinal plants having established antidiabetic properties, as well as herbal medications used to treat diabetes, is compiled. These includes, Tinospora cordifolia, Azadirachta indica, Enicostemma axillare, Momordica Charantia, Phyllanthus emblica, Centratherum anthelminticum. Damage caused by free radicals is one of the etiologic factors linked to the onset of diabetes and its complications, so an anti-diabetic drug having antioxidant qualities would be more advantageous. Historically, substances and extracts obtained from various natural resources, particularly plants, have been a valuable tool for managing and treating diabetes-related issues and complications. Therefore, this review aids the reader in understanding the significance of various herbal and polyherbal formulations that have been used traditionally to treat diabetes mellitus.
A Study of Moral Development of Children and Good Habit Formation on Indian Child Rearing Practices Context
Authors: - Bhavna Ramaiya
Published: July 2024

Different religious, political, and cultural groups in India hold different opinions on how children should be raised. Given the wide variety of Indian cultures and traditions, it would be unfair to generalise about Indian parenting practices. Each family's unique set of circumstances, including their financial situation, level of education, and life experiences, shape their approach to childrearing. This study has surveyed the existing literature and synthesised theoretical frameworks, drawing attention to the applicability of theories such as Piaget's phases of moral development, Kohlberg's theory of moral development, and Gilligan's ethics of caring in a variety of cultural contexts. With an emphasis on Indian child-rearing techniques, this study investigates how family dynamics, cultural values, and socio-economic factors impact children's ethical thinking and behaviour. Important topics covered include how moral principles are passed down through families and communities, how religious teachings are included into the process of ethical development, and how digital media influences the way moral decisions are made. Aiming to promote moral reasoning and positive habit formation in children, the article also evaluated empirical studies and meta-analyses that highlight beneficial educational interventions and parenting techniques. The findings from this review states that children are fed with cultural learnings; however, this method does seems to be always positive and moral development of children and good habit formation among them is very important.
Comprehensive Analysis of Animal Welfare Practices at Gaushalas: Alignment with Established Guidelines and Observed Benefits
Authors: - Vidya Rao
Published: July 2024

This paper provides an in-depth examination of animal welfare practices at Gaushalas, focusing on feeding, housing, healthcare, and general management. Through detailed observation and literature review, we analyze the alignment of these practices with established guidelines and their impact on cattle well-being. Our findings reveal a strong commitment to ethical standards, although certain challenges remain in resource-scarce settings. Data was gathered through field observations, interviews with Gaushala staff, and a review of existing literature after obtaining permission from the University Ethical Committee, in two Gaushalas, one in a peri-urban setting and another in an urban setting. Practices were compared to established guidelines, including those from the Federation of Indian Animal Protection Organizations (FIAPO), to assess compliance and identify areas for improvement. Implementing welfare standards in non-traditional cattle care settings contributes to advancing animal welfare practices in diverse environments.
Exploring the Relationship Between Peer Pressure and Frustration in Adults
Authors: - SUMBULA RAHMAN
Published: July 2024

Peer pressure can be defined as the social influence that peers exert on an individual, compelling them to adopt certain behaviours, attitudes, or values to fit in or gain acceptance within a group. The influence can take many different forms, like pushing conformity, influencing the adoption of beliefs or ways of behaving, or persuading someone to do things they might not have otherwise chosen to do. This paper examines the complex interactions that individuals encounter in a range of social circumstances between peer pressure and frustration. A substantial positive association between frustration and perceived peer pressure was found through quantitative research. The findings suggest that there is a strong moderate correlation between peer pressure and frustration (r=0.348, p<0.001), indicating a significant relationship between the two variables. Additionally, research findings revealed the many ways in which peer pressure fuels frustration, such as perceived expectations, fear of rejection, and social comparison. To address the detrimental effects of peer pressure on individual well-being, specific interventions are required, as the study highlights the widespread influence of peers on adult behaviour and emotional experiences.
Digital Technology and Trends in Libraries
Authors: - Pratik Mukesh Dhepe
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate how technologies have permeated libraries and how well they work. Blockchain, robotics, drones, mobile apps, and big data are some of the major technology innovations that have been adopted and used in libraries.
Examined in several of the author's studies. The areas in which the digital technology may be used in library operations and services were identified and discussed based on the author's following studies and cumulative examination of the literature that was available. According to the report, every technology has a place in libraries. Examples include the development of talking robots, flying books, and encrypted databases. Adoption of these technologies would contribute to a greater degree of improvement in library services.
The Influence of Utility Value And Hedonic Value On Customer Satisfaction And The Impact On Repurchase Intention in Erigo
Authors: - Dhuhan Alfisyahrin , - Zainul Arifin , - Edy Yulianto
Published: July 2024

E-commerce has developed rapidly since its inception, its definition is broader, including the use of electronic systems and the internet to carry out all business activities, including buying and selling transactions. This study aims to analyze the influence of utilitarian value and hedonic value on customer satisfaction and its impact on repurchase intention. The research object is consumers of Erigo fashion products. This quantitative research was conducted using an online survey with a sample of 156 respondents selected through purposive sampling. The results show that both utilitarian value and hedonic value have a positive and significant impact on customer satisfaction. Furthermore, customer satisfaction also has a positive and significant effect on repurchase intention. These findings indicate that the higher the perceived utilitarian and hedonic values by consumers, the higher their level of satisfaction.. Data collection techniques from primary data using a questionnaire. research findings showed that utility value variable (X1) has a positive and significant influence on repurchase intention (Y), so that the second hypothesis is accepted. So these results explain that a strong utility value (X1) message is one of the factors forming repurchase intention (Y) and hedonic value (X2) is the main consideration for respondents when they want to repurchase Erigo fashion products. High customer satisfaction subsequently drives the intention to repurchase Erigo fashion products on Shopee. This study provides practical implications for Erigo and fashion players in e-commerce to continuously enhance the utilitarian and hedonic value of their products and services to boost customer satisfaction and encourage repurchase.
ECONOMICS : An Introduction to the Discipline
Authors: - AMITAVA BASU
Published: July 2024

Economics, as a discipline, provides a comprehensive understanding of how individuals, businesses, and governments allocate scarce resources to fulfil their needs and desires. This Paper attempts to introduce Economics as a discipline. It delves into macroeconomic concepts such as inflation, unemployment, and economic growth, alongside microeconomic issues including consumer behaviour, production costs, and market competition. This introduction underscores the relevance and importance of economics in both everyday life and global contexts.
Factors Associated with Bullying in Adolescents: a Literature Review
Authors: - Romida Juli , - Rika Sarfika , - Basmanelly
Published: July 2024

Background: Bullying is deliberate and repeated aggressive behavior toward another person in which there is a real or perceived power imbalance, and the victim of bullying feels vulnerable and powerless to protect himself.
Objective: To determine the factors associated with bullying in adolescents.
Methods: This article is a literature review of research articles conducted by summarizing and analyzing related articles. The search method used three electronic databases, namely Science Direct, Willey, and Pubmed with the keywords bullying, adolescent, factors and mental health. The inclusion criteria for writing were free English articles for the last 5 years, adolescent research samples, quantitative research, full text articles, relevant related articles, and original articles.
Results: There were nine articles that met the inclusion criteria. The findings showed that there are various factors associated with bullying in adolescents.
Conclusion: This study found that bullying in adolescents is influenced by individual, family, peer, and school environment factors. A holistic approach with interventions at multiple levels is needed to create a safe and supportive environment for students.
Teachers’ and Learners’ Perceptions To-wards the Use of ICT in EFL Classrooms: Moroccan and Korean High Schools
Authors: - Kamal Ait Hajji , - Youngkeun Kim
Published: July 2024

The use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in many aspects of life, not only, has brought dramatic changes in the paradigms and methods practiced in the developed countries, but also, it has been expanded in developing countries. The present paper attempts to explore and shed lights on the perceptions towards the ICT use in high schools in Morocco, as a developing country, and South Korea, as a developed country. To this end, a mixed method has been designed and conducted with a total of 412 high school students and 212 EFL teachers; including the focus group participants. In this study we review the related literature and we have chosen the two appropriate research instruments to collect the data; a survey questionnaire for 400 students and a survey questionnaire for 200 EFL teachers, and a focus group for 12 students and 12 teachers. The findings reveal the levels of ICT skills of the participated teachers and students. Additionally, the data collected demonstrate that although both students and teachers possess positive attitudes towards the ICT use in EFL classrooms, the ICT integration in learning and teaching has two sides impact, positive and negative, not only on students but on teachers as well. The results recommend that ICT in education should be given higher consideration than it currently receives.
Exploring Artificial Intelligence as a Remedy to the Heavy Teaching Workloads Caused by Massification of Ugandan Public Universities
Authors: Namutebi Edith
Published: July 2024

Universities worldwide, particularly public universities in Uganda are facing a dilemma in which their massification has far outstripped the growth of their academic service delivery capacity, especially their actual teaching staff size. Consequently, most lecturers are struggling with heavy teaching workloads resulting from large class sizes of 100 to 300 or more students created by massification per course unit, especially at the undergraduate level. These workloads have overstretched most lecturers’ ability to teach effectively and limited their career growth by keeping them too busy to conduct research and participate in community service. The dilemma is faced at the time when Industry 4.0 has developed Artificial Intelligence (AI), which can execute different tasks, including teaching tasks in much the same way as human beings perform them. Drawing on the AI job replacement theory complemented by UTAUT and TOE, this study employed a cross-sectional questionnaire survey involving 325 respondents (deans, heads of department [HODs] and lecturers) randomly selected from five randomly selected public universities to analyse awareness of the teaching tasks AI can execute to reduce faculty members’ workload without replacing them, acceptance of AI to perform these tasks, and hindrances to its adoption. Findings from the descriptive analysis indicate that at least 74% of the deans, HODs, and lecturers were highly aware of the teaching tasks AI can perform. Most of these respondents accept AI to perform such teaching tasks that do not involve a human touch as an online search for research and lecture content, lecture dictation, student assessment and evaluation, and grading of marks. They, however, did not accept AI to execute teaching tasks that involve the human touch such as lecture planning, facilitating tutorials and discussions, assessing students’ interpersonal weaknesses that affect learning, and feedback provision. These findings allude to a need to adopt AI to execute only the teaching tasks it is accepted to perform and leave to the lecturers all the tasks they do not accept to perform. Adopting AI this way is bound to relieve the teaching workload allocated to lecturers as massification intensifies. The findings indicate, however, that AI adoption is hindered by different factors, including lack of strategic, ethical, and policy guidelines, and lack of funds and skills required to operate it. These findings point to a need for the management of Uganda’s public universities to adopt AI by lobbying the government for more funding, mobilizing necessary funds internally, training faculty members in using AI, and encouraging all of them to accept it by explaining the role it is capable of playing in reducing workloads and erasing their fear that AI could replace them
Challenges Encountered by Secondary School Teachers in Teaching English Language: The Case of Micheweni District
Authors: Ali Rashid Othman , Jaff Said Nassoro
Published: July 2024

This study investigated challenges encountered by secondary school teachers in teaching English in public secondary schools of Micheweni District. The study was guided by three specific objectives; to explore challenges related to English language instructional materials, to investigate pedagogical challenges in teaching English, and to examine challenges related to the nature of the students in learning English. A qualitative research approach under a multiple case study design was employed with 36 participants. Focus Group Discussion and interviews were used in data collection. Data were analyzed through content and thematic analysis and presented through quotations and narrations. The findings revealed that the major challenges related to English language instructional materials were shortcomings of English language curriculum content, poor access to ICT facilities which include absence/scarcity of ICT tools, and lack of skills to access ICT tools as well as absence/scarcity of instructional materials. Pedagogical challenges in teaching English were ineffective teaching/learning environment, students’ low level of English Language Proficiency, high teaching load among English language teachers and students’ negative attitude towards learning English. Also, the study found that the nature of students affects teaching/learning English language therefore, teachers should be very careful to find the best teaching strategies regarding individual learning styles. The study concluded that if these challenges were dealt with, English language teachers would teach effectively and students would perform better in their examinations
Modulation of Vitamin D- Fibroblast Growth Factor 23/Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 1-Klotho Axis by Astragalus in Elderly Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Tian Xingzhong , Luo Zeqin , Li Haiyun
Published: July 2024

Heart failure is a geriatric syndrome, often accompanied by a high disability rate, complex comorbidities, and a poor prognosis. This study aimed to assess the effect of Astragalus on the vitamin D- fibroblast growth factor 23/fibroblast growth factor receptor 1-KLOTHO axis in elderly heart failure patients using a bioinformatics approach. Thirteen active ingredients and 159 targets were identified based on network pharmacology, and 500 HF targets were obtained using GeneCards database. A predicted target set was established using 22 core targets, and a diagram of the active component-target network was constructed using Cytoscape software (version 3.7.2); a protein-protein interaction network was constructed for analysis, and the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment were analyzed using DAVID software. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that 22 targets were mainly involved in the Ras and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways. Molecular docking for fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 revealed that the active components HMM7 and HMM13 demonstrated better binding stability with the target gene. This study may help explain the molecular mechanism of effects on vitamin D- fibroblast growth factor 23/fibroblast growth factor receptor 1-KLOTHO axis and promote clinical application.
A Network Pharmacological Analysis of Celabenzine Protecting Central Nervous System from Damage Through RhoA Gene Modulation
Authors: Tang M.S. , Wang Zhengjie , Zhao Yan , Wang Jie , Pan Chengde
Published: July 2024

Central nervous system diseases pose a significant threat to human health. Clinical observations have demonstrated that celabenzine, the primary active component of the natural plant ginseng, can potentially alleviate cognitive dysfunction in patients with central nervous system disorders. However, the specific mechanisms of its action remain unclear. The PubMed database was used to identify the targets of celabenzine. Subsequently, a Venn diagram of intersecting targets was constructed by utilizing the identified central nervous system injury targets. Additionally, Cytoscape software (version 3.7.2) was used to construct active ingredient-target and Protein-protein interaction networks. The Metascape database was used to perform Gene Ontology functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis. Molecular docking was performed on active ingredients and target genes. Network pharmacology analysis revealed that celabenzine shares 175 intersecting targets with central nervous system damage, manifesting its effects through PI3K-Akt and MAPK signaling pathways and proteoglycans in the cancer pathway. Celabenzine demonstrates a strong binding affinity with its target gene, RhoA, indicating stable binding. This study was accomplished using network pharmacology and bioinformatics. Our findings suggested that celabenzine shows its protective effects against central nervous system damage by modulating the RhoA gene.
Axial spondyloarthritis—current aspects
Authors: Braun Jürgen , Poddubnyy Denis
Published: July 2024

Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a frequent inflammatory rheumatic disease mainly affecting the axial skeleton causing inflammatory back pain. If chronic inflammation persists new bone formation may occur possibly leading to irreversible spinal stiffness. The disease has a strong genetic background with HLA-B27 as the major factor. For diagnostic purposes, imaging is of critical importance—especially conventional radiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). While the former has advantages in the detection of bony changes such as the syndesmophytes, MRI is used to detect axial inflammation but also erosions in the sacroiliac joint. Treatment follows the treat-to-target strategy starting with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the first line, and later, if high disease activity persists, therapy with biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) is according to international recommendations indicated. For the treatment of axSpA, important targets such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin (IL)-17 have been identified, and several of their inhibitors (i) including some biosimilars for the former have been approved. Recently, also inhibition of Janus kinases was shown to be efficacious. There is evidence that long term inhibition of inflammation with TNFi can reduce bone formation.
Indications
of programmed cell death in wheat roots upon exposure to silver nanoparticles
Authors: Yanik Fatma , Vardar Filiz
Published: July 2024

Programmed cell death (PCD) can occur at every developmental stage as a plant’s response to various biotic and abiotic environmental factors. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used in consumer products and possess antimicrobial properties, making them important in assessing nanoparticle effects on plants. In the present study, we examined the impact of AgNPs (0, 0.5, 1, 5, 10, and 20 mg L-1) on wheat root PCD by evaluating parameters such as the mitotic index, chromosomal behaviors, nuclear deformation, cytochrome c release, caspase-1-like activity, and the expression of cysteine protease genes (TaVPE4, TaMCA1, and TaMCA4). Our findings revealed a dose-dependent decrease in the mitotic index ratio and increased chromosomal abnormalities induced by AgNPs. Additionally, we observed various hallmarks of PCD, including chromatin condensation, slight DNA smear, reduction in mitochondrial inner membrane potential, and cytochrome c release to the cytoplasm as well as increased caspase-1-like activity and TaVPE4 gene expression. Notably, the gene expressions of TaMCA1 and TaMCA4 were found to be antagonistically regulated by AgNPs, further indicating the induction of PCD by AgNP treatment. Overall, our study provides evidence of AgNP-induced PCD in wheat roots, elucidating the involvement of cysteine protease genes in this process.
Positive health: An integrated quantitative approach in patients with chronic gastrointestinal and hepato-pancreatico-biliary disorders
Authors: Lemlijn-Slenter Anja H W M , Wijnands Karolina AP , Hamsvoort Gijs van der , Iperen Luuk P van , Wolter Nico , Rijk Angelique E de , Masclee Ad AM
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND

The concept of positive health (PH) supports an integrated approach for patients by taking into account six dimensions of health. This approach is especially relevant for patients with chronic disorders. Chronic gastrointestinal and hepato-pancreatico-biliary (GI-HPB) disorders are among the top-6 of the most prevalent chronically affected organ systems. The impact of chronic GI-HPB disorders on individuals may be disproportionally high because: (1) The affected organ system frequently contributes to a malnourished state; and (2) persons with chronic GI-HPB disorders are often younger than persons with chronic diseases in other organ systems.

AIM

To describe and quantify the dimensions of PH in patients with chronic GI-HPB disorders.

METHODS

Prospective, observational questionnaire study performed between 2019 and 2021 in 235 patients with a chronic GI-HPB disorder attending the Outpatient Department of the Maastricht University Medical Center. Validated questionnaires and data from patient files were used to quantify the six dimensions of PH. Internal consistency was tested with McDonald’s Omega. Zero-order Pearson correlations and t -tests were used to assess associations and differences. A P value < 0.05 was considered significant.

RESULTS

The GI-HPB patients scored significantly worse in all dimensions of PH compared to control data or norm scores from the general population. Regarding quality of life, participation and daily functioning, GI-HPB patients scored in the same range as patients with chronic disorders in other organ systems, but depressive symptoms (in 35%) and malnutrition (in 45%) were more frequent in patients with chronic GI-HPB disorders. Intercorrelation scores between the six dimensions were only very weak to weak, forcing us to quantify each domain separately.

CONCLUSION

All six dimensions of PH are impaired in the GI-HPB patients. Malnutrition and depressive symptoms are more prevalent compared to patients with chronic disorders in other organ systems.
PRINCIPLE OF THE OVERLAY OF DEFORMATIONS IN THE THEORY OF REINFORCED CONCRETE
Authors: Larionov E.A. ,   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Markovich A.S. , Aleshina O.О. ,   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia,   Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia
Published: July 2024

The work substantiates the correctness of applying the principle of the overlay of deformations when deriving equations of the mechanical state of concrete that are significant in the theory of reinforced concrete in linear and nonlinear formulations. This principle consists in the summation at some point in time of partial deformations corresponding to partial increments of non-decreasing stress at successive previous points in time. Strains are represented by the sum of instantaneous strains and delayed creep strains at the moment of application. The superposition of partial creep strains is implemented according to the Boltzmann superposition principle known in the linear theory of creep - each partial increment of creep strain depends only on the magnitude and duration of the generating partial stress increment and does not depend on its other increments. When taking aging into account, postulated by this principle the mutual independence of partial increments of creep strain takes place relative to partial increments of the stress level. Representing the deformation as the sum of the initial elastic deformation and the creep deformation with a measure that takes into account the evolution of the elastic modulus leads to a different type of equation of state, which is perceived as incorrect in some publications. This perception of a different type of equation of state together with constructions, not related to the principle of the overlay of deformations, led these authors to declare that the principle of the overlay of deformations in the theory of creep is erroneous. In contrast to the traditional approach, a material (concrete, steel, wood, plastic) is considered as a combination of fractions (fibers, layers) with statistically distributed strengths. The concept of strength structure makes it possible to substantiate the principle of superimposing deformations in a nonlinear formulation. In this case, the structure of the nonlinear equation of state turns out to be identical to the structure of the linear equation. This circumstance is significant in applications, for example, when solving relaxation problems that are important for the long-term safety of building structures.
NONLINEAR DEFORMATION MODEL ACCORDING TO RULES 63.13330 IN A STAGED FORMULATION
Authors: Eremeev P.V. ,   Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering, Eremeev D.V. , Eremeev V.P. , Shmelev G.N. ,   Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering,   Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering,   Kazan State University of Architecture and Engineering
Published: July 2024

Normative documents in the field of reinforcement of reinforced concrete structures and the design of prefabricated monolithic structures fairly prescribe consideration of the initial stressstrain state of structures before reinforcement. The calculation can be performed using a normalized nonlinear deformed model according to SP 63.13330. At the same time, it does not explicitly provide for a calculation in several stages. The aim of the study is to develop a calculation method based on a normalized nonlinear deformation model in a staged formulation with minimal differences from the provisions of SP 63.13330. To achieve the goal, the following tasks are set: development of a calculation method, implementation of the method in the form of a universal program and verification of the developed program. The article presents a universal nonlinear deformation model in a staged formulation, which allows, within the framework of certain ratios, to calculate the strength and crack resistance of structural sections at an unlimited number of work stages, taking into account reinforcement, prestressing, initial stresses and cyclic loading (unloading and reloading). The method is implemented as a program in the Python programming language and verified on full-scale and numerical (finite element method) experiments. If we assume the initial stresses and deformations to be zero and calculate in one stage, then the proposed model is reduced to the SP 63.13330 model. For this reason, changing the norms according to the proposed method will not affect the current algorithms for calculating structures in one stage, however, it will significantly increase the scope of the model for calculating prefabricated monolithic, steel-reinforced concrete and reinforced structures. In addition, the accuracy of calculations of prestressed structures will increase, and it will be possible to calculate the cyclic loading of the section.
Business Development Strategy Analysis Using the Business Model Canvas Approach at Genong Farm Madiun
Authors: Susanto Irvan , Hartono Sri , Abrianto Tegoeh Hari
Published: July 2024

This research aims to analyze and recommend business development strategies for Genong Farm Madiun using the Business Model Canvas approach. The method used is descriptive qualitative, with data collection through observation, interviews, documentation, and triangulation. Data is analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model, which includes data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and verification. The research results identify that the business model of Genong Farm Madiun encompasses nine elements of the Business Model Canvas: Customer Segments, Value Propositions, Channels, Customer Relationships, Revenue Streams, Key Resources, Key Activities, Key Partnerships, and Cost Structure. Based on this analysis, strategic recommendations are provided for each element to enhance business operational effectiveness and efficiency. This research provides valuable insights into how Genong Farm Madiun can optimize its business model to achieve sustainable growth and increase market competitiveness. The recommendations given are expected to assist Genong Farm Madiun in designing better and more innovative business strategies.
Autoeficacia Académica y Salud Mental en Estudiantes de Una Universidad Pública
Authors: Chique-Aguilar Julieta , Riquelme-Mercado Gisela Verónica , Aza-Tacca Rosenda , Ramos-Vilca Julio Cesar
Published: July 2024

Introducción: La ansiedad, la depresión y estrés tienen alta prevalencia en estudiantes universitarios siendo una prioridad, además se desconoce la fuerza de correlación con la autoeficacia académica.  Objetivo:  Relacionar la autoeficacia académica y salud mental en estudiantes de una universidad pública. Métodos: Estudio correlacional, transversal y observacional. La población estuvo constituida por 3,000 universitarios y la muestra de 617. Para medir la autoeficacia académica se utilizó la Escala de Autoeficacia Percibida Específica de Situaciones Académicas (EAPESA) y para la salud mental la Escala de depresión, ansiedad y estrés (DASS-21). El análisis fue descriptivo porcentual, e inferencial a través de la correlación de Spearman. Resultados: El estrés, ansiedad y depresión según sexo evidencia una media más alta en las mujeres; en cuanto a la autoeficacia académica se tiene una media más alta en varones, y la desviación estándar es mayor en las mujeres. La autoeficacia académica y salud mental (depresión, ansiedad y estrés) se relacionan significativamente, siendo una correlación negativa baja.  Conclusión: Los estudiantes con baja autoeficacia percibida manifiestan mayores sintomas de depresión, ansiedad y estrés, evidenciando diferencias entre sexo.
Atatürk ve Tarih
Authors: Baykal Bekir Sıtkı
Published: July 2024

Boydan boya izlenecek olursa Atatürk'ün hayatında Tarih'in son derece önemli bir yer tuttuğu görülür. Türk toplumunun yapısında onun uyguladığı devrimlerde de Tarih müstesna bir rol oynamıştır. Ayrıca O, tarih olaylarının araştırılmasında, incelenmesi ve değerlendirilmesinde, felsefi anlamda tarih açısından dünya görüşünde ve bunun gerçek hayatta değerlendirilmesinde getirdiği yeniliklerle, tarih biliminin kendisinde de bir devrim yapmıştır. Bu devrimin yaşatılması, daima daha ileri götürülmesi için kurmuş olduğu TÜRK TARIH KURUMU'nun kırkıncı yıl dönümünü kutladığımız şu anın bahşettiği fırsatı mutlu bir ergi sayarak, huzurunuzda, ölümsüz Atatürk'ün bu cephesi üzerinde durmayı zevkli olduğu kadar şerefli bir ödev saydığımı arz ile asıl konuya geçiyorum. İlkçağlardan bu yana, tâ zamanımıza kadar, milletlerinin kaderine yön vermiş olan büyük devlet adamlarından hemen hepsinin Tarih ile yakından ilgilendikleri görülmektedir. Hiç şüphe yok ki, bunlar kendi meslekleri için Tarih'ten ders almayı, davranışlarında Tarih'ten faydalanmayı ön planda tutmuş olmalıdırlar. Her halde, Tarih'i ve ondan ders almasını bilmeden başarılı bir devlet adamı olmanın, başka bir deyişle Tarih bilmeden tarih yapmanın imkansızlığına inanmaktadırlar. Ayrıca, bunlar arasında, daha da ileri giderek, doğrudan doğruya tarihsel eserler yazmış olanlar da nadir değildir. Örneğin, eski Roma'nın ünlü başbuğu ve devlet adamı Julius Caesar ve Prusya kralı Büyük Friedrich, zamanlarının, dolayısiyle kendi yaptıkları işlerin tarihini kaleme almışlardır. Amaçları, zamanlarında vuku'bulan olayları gelecek kuşaklara en doğru bir şekilde yansıtmak, olup bitenlerin içyüzünü bütün çıplaklığı ile açıklamak, bir bakıma da yaptıklarının hesabını vermektir.
Yeni Belgelerin Işığı Altında Ermeni Tehcirleri
Authors: Sonyel Salâhi R.
Published: July 2024

Londra'da çıkan History of the First World War (Birinci Dünya Savaşının Tarihi) adlı haftalık İngilizce derginin Eylül, 1970 sayısında, Dr. A. O. Sarkissian'ın Genocide in Turkey (Türkiye'de Cenosid) başlıklı bir yazısı yayınlandı. Bir Ermeni olan yazar, 1915 yılının sonlarına doğru 500.000 Ermeni'nin Türkler tarafından öldürüldüğünü, geriye kalanların çoğunluğunun çöllük bölgelere sürü!- düğünü, orada açlık ve hastalıktan hayatlarını kaybettiklerini, "dikkatle hazırlanan bir plan gereğince" en aşağı 1.500.000 Ermeni'nin imha edildiğini; Ermeni'lere yapılan bu muameleyi örnek tutan Adolf Hitler'in, "Polonya dilini konuşan ırkın imhası" için 22 Ağustos, 1939'da direktif verdiğini cüretle ileri sürüyor. Görünürde sansasyon yapmayı ilmi araştırmaya tercih eden, bir Ermeni olarak taraf tutan ve baltalayıcı bir yöntem izleyen Dr. Sarkissian, Ermeni tehcir ve kıtalleri konusunda tek taraflı bir yazı kaleme almış bulunuyor. Konuyla ilgili esaslı araştırma yapmadığı, İngiliz, Fransız, Rus, Türk ve hattâ Ermeni kaynaklarına dayanan en yeni eserleri okumadığı ve konuya epeyi ışık serpen Londra'da İngiliz Arşivindeki İngiltere Dışişleri Bakanlığının sayısız belgelerinden faydalanmadığı anlaşılıyor. Dr. Sarkissian, gerçeklere ve rakamlara dayanan, takdirle karşılanabilecek ilmi bir eser meydana getireceği yerde, bir propaganda yazısı kaleme almayı tercih etmiş. Tipik, çığırtkan Ermeni propagandacılarından biri olduğunu gösteriyor. Gün ışığına çıkan en son belgelere göre, Ermeni halkının başına gelen felaketlerden bizzat bu gibi Ermeni propagandacıları sorumludur.
XVI. yüzyılda Macaristan'da Padişah Haslarına Bağlı İki Şehir
Authors: Fehér Géza
Published: July 2024

Macaristan'daki Türk yönetimi çağının incelenmesi, daha önceki kuşakları da derinden derine uğraştırmıştır. Bununla birlikte, incelemeleri öyle iki çelişmeli görüşün ortaya çıkmasına yol açmıştır ki, etkilerini bugün bile tümüyle yitirmemiştir. Uğradığımız her yenilginin nedeninden yalnızca Habsburgları sorumlu tutan görüş; Türk yönetimindeki Macaristan'da serhat kaleleri yiğitlerinin karşılıklı hüner gösterilerinden, birbirleri ile yaptıkları kıran kırana düellolardan, birbirlerine kurdukları pusulardan, pazaryerlerine yapılan baskınlardan ve serüvenli yolculuklarından, kısacası romantik renklerle bezenmiş bir dünyadan başka bir şey görmek istememiştir. İkinci görüşün temsilcileri ise, Habsburgları savunurken durumu öylesine abartmalı, olumsuz bir biçimde canlandırmağa çalışmışlardır ki, bununla, okuyucuda, Türk süvarisinin atının ayak bastığı yerde bir daha ot bitmediği ve her şeyin yok olduğu inancını uyandırmışlardır. Bununla birlikte, biz burada, birbiriyle çelişmeli bu iki görüşün karşısında tarihsel bir gerçeği ispatlamak niyetinde değiliz. Bunun yerine, yalnızca arşiv araştırmalarımızın sonuçlarını, genişçe nesnel bir temel elde ederek Macaristan'daki Türk yönetimi çağı ile ilgili bir yargıda bulunabilmeleri için, dinleyicilerimize sunmak istiyoruz.
Some Persian Sources on the History of Turkey
Authors: Arunova M.
Published: July 2024

The tremendous number of the known Oriental sources on the history of Turkey have not yet been studied sufficiently well. Their publication is not an easy thing. Many sources have not yet been brought to light, catalogued and described. It has been partly due to the fact that they are in libraries and private collections in many countries and not always are accessible ; some manuscripts have been enumerated in various catalogues, descriptions and publications, but there is hardly an institution in the world that would boast of an exhaustive collection of such publications. Therefore, any serious research work is possible only under the condition that the necessary composite reference materials are prepared. This makes it expedient to coordinate the efforts of historians of various countries aimed at the finding of manuscripts with the prospect of publishing a collective work discribing all existing sources on Turkey's history and at studying the most valuable sources and preparing of joint works on the problem of sources. Soviet scholars, Y. Borshchevsky and Y. Bregel among them already emphasized the necessity of the compilation of a bio - bibliographical work on the Iranian and Tajik manuscripts. In their article recently printed in the magazine "Peoples of Asia and Africa" these scholars offered their project of such a publication. A similar project could be adopted as the basis for the compilation of a composite reference work on the sources on Turkey's history.
Ankara'nın Eski Evleri, Türk Ev Kültürü, Müze Evler
Authors: İnan Afet
Published: July 2024

Ankara, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'nin başkenti olmadan önce bir vilayet merkezidir. Orta Anadolu'da demiryolu ile İstanbul'a bağlı bu vilayetin, kalesinin eskiliği, Ahi teşkilatının merkezi olarak da şöhreti olmuştur. Tarihte, Bayazıt-Timur savaşının geçtiği bölgedir diye adı geçer. Bütün bu tarihi devirlere, binlerce yıllık eski kalıntılara da değinecek Cumhuriyet devrimizde Türk heyetleri tarafından arkeolojik buluntular ve bu konudaki yayınlar Ankara'nın ve çevresinin en eski devirlerden beri Anadolu insanına mekan olduğunu göstermiştir. Ahlatlıkal Eti yokuşu gibi ... Yalnız benim, bu yazımda üzerinde durmak istediğim, nihayet iki üç asırlık geçmişten, ayakta kalan ve bugün de kullanılan evlerdir. Ev hayatı, ev kültürü bir milletin medeni olmasının en belirli örnekleridir. Aileler nasıl ki topluluğun küçük birlikleri ise, şehir ve kasabalarda da evler, bu yerleşik hayatın madde olarak görüntüleridir. Bugünkü yaşayış tarzı, ev ünitesini toplu, kalabalık apartmanlara terk etmektedir. Bu bir zaruret olmakla beraber eski aile hayatımızın ve ev kültürümüzün anılarını, eşyaların' da unutmamamız gerekir. Bu demek değildir ki, yeni hayat tarzına uymadan, bu eskiye dönelim ve o şekilde yaşayalım. Ancak her millet için, ev kültürünün yaşayış tarzının, örf ve adetlerin hangi devirde olursa olsun bilinmesi gereken ve üzerinde önemle durulacak bir konudur.
Mudanya Bırakışmasının Ellinci Yıldönümü
Authors: Sonyel Salâhi R.
Published: July 2024

Elli yıl önce, Anafartalar kahramanı Mustafa Kemal (Atatürk)'ün komutası altındaki Türk orduları, Çanakkale'de, İstila Gücü Başkomutanı Tüm-General Sir Charles Halington'un idaresindeki İngiliz askeri birlikleriyle çarpışmak üzere, düşman ordusunun karşısında mevzi alıyordu. İngiliz ordusunun Türk toprakları üzerinde ne işi vardı ve neden bu iki ulusun orduları silâhlı bir çatışmaya hazırlanıyordu? Bu iki soruya cevap verebilmek için Birinci Dünya Savaşına kısaca bakmak gerekmektedir. Almanya, Avusturya-Macaristan ve Bulgaristan'ın da katıldığı Merkez Kuvvetleri safında bu savaşa giren Osmanlı İmparatorluğu; İngiltere, Fransa ve İtalya'dan müteşekkil Antant Devletleri tarafından yenilgiye uğratılmış; 30 Ekim, 1918'de Mondros Bırakışmasının imzalamaya zorlanmıştı. Bazı maddeleri kasten belirsiz bir halde kaleme alınan bu Bırakışma, Bağlaşıklara, "gizli antlaşmalara ve fetih hakkına" dayanarak Türk ülkelerini bir savaş ganimeti olarak ele geçirmek fırsatını veriyordu. Savaşa katılan Bağlaşıklar arasında çeşitli tarihlerde imzalanan bu gizli antlaşmalar, Osmanlı İmparatorluğunun ortadan kaldırılarak Türk topraklarının İngiltere, Fransa, İtalya ve Çarlık Rusya arasında paylaşılması gayesini güdüyor; bir bakıma, Bağla-şıkların riyakârlığını ortaya çıkarıyordu; çünkü Osmanlı İmparatorluğuna karşı savaşan devletler, çeşitli vesilelerle savaş gayelerini açıklarken, Türk ülkelerinin bütünlük ve bağımsızlığına el sürmeyeceklerine söz vermişlerdi.
XIV-XV. Yüzyıllar Türkiye Tarihi Hakkında Araştırmalar
Authors: Yücel Yaşar
Published: July 2024

Araştırmamıza konu olan Türkiye ve Yakın-Doğu üzerinde 1393/94 Timur tehlikesi meselesine girerken bu meselenin daha kolay bir şekilde anlaşılmasını sağlamak için, Timur ve imparatorluğu hakkında kısaca bilgi vermeği uygun gördük. Orta çağın sonlarında önemli bir mevkii işgal eden, adını taşıyan imparatorluğun kurucusu ve ilk zamanları hakkında pek fazla birşey bilinmiyen Timur, nisan 1336'da Semerkand'ın güneyinde Keş'de doğmuştur. Genellikle, Timur devri tarihçileri onun soyunu Cengiz Han sülalesine bağlama gayreti içindedirler. Ancak aynı kaynaklardaki mevcut bilgiler göstermektedir ki, Timur, Barlas oymağına mensub ve idareleri altında bulunan Keş şehri etrafında yurt tutmuş Maveraünnehirli asil bir aileden gelmektedir. Timur daha 25 yaşında genç bir adam iken kendini tanıtmak imkanını elde edebilmiş ve 1361'lerde Maveraünnehir bölgesindeki siyasi olgular nedeni ile ilk kez siyasi hayata atılmıştır. Ancak başlangıçtan itibaren temkinli hareket etmeği benimsemiş bulunduğundan, bölgede anarşik ortamın doğmasına sebep Tuğluk Timur idaresindeki İli Moğollarına karşı ümitsiz bir kahraman olmak istememiş, barışçı ve uzlaştırıcı bir politika izlenmesi düşüncesini ortaya atmıştır. İşte bu davranışıdır ki Keş'i kendisine kazandırmış, nihayet 33 yaşında iken Belh'i de hâkimiyet sahasına aldıktan sonra, bölgenin tek hakimi durumuna gelmiştir. Emir Hüseyin'in öldürülmesinden sonra da 137o'de Semerkand'a gelerek resmen hükümdarlığını ilan etmiş olan Timur'un, kendisini Cengiz Han'ın ve Çağatay'ın takipçisi olarak tanıtmak istediğine dair Zafernâmelerde kayıtlar bulunmaktadır 5. Herhalde bu, o günün siyasal ve sosyal şartları içinde bölge topluluklarının sempatisini kazanmak için ortaya atılmış bir iddia olmalıdır.