bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chemical literacy as a component of the natural scientific literacy of students
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Kachalova Galina Semenovna
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of the formation of chemical literacy of students of an educational school. It is shown that chemical literacy is a component of natural science literacy, which is considered as a manifestation of functional literacy. The article analyzes the content of the tasks of the international research of natural science literacy PISA from the open bank of tasks. It was found that the tasks are dominated by the context associated with the content of the sciences of physical systems – physics, geography, geology, but practically no content related to chemistry is presented. The literature contains a sufficient number of individual publications that describe different methods of forming chemical literacy. PISA tasks are used as a tool for the formation and assessment of the formation of chemical literacy. But there are no guidelines for chemistry teachers, including a description of the technology for developing tasks in the PISA format and sets of such tasks. As an innovative component, a methodology for preparing tasks in chemistry in the PISA format within the framework of the systemic and competency-based approaches is proposed.
The readiness of teachers and students to use and perform tasks on natural science literacy
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Velichko Anna Nikolaevna , Pimonova Elena Yuryevna ,   MAOU Gymnasium No. 7 “Sibirskaya”
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the actual problem of the formation and assessment of the formation of natural science literacy in the framework of the content of the school physics course. Natural science literacy is a component of functional literacy – the central concept of the modern approach to determining educational achievements in the world practice of researching educational systems in different countries. The purpose of the article is to determine the state of readiness of the teacher and student for the development of natural science literacy. To this end, the problem of the formation of natural science literacy in Russia was considered from different angles: the readiness of teachers of the natural science subject area to use practice-oriented assignments in the classroom; the readiness of students to complete such tasks; analysis of the practice of constructing tasks in publications. The readiness of teachers was determined by a questionnaire, the readiness of students was determined by conducting cross-sectional work and analyzing its results. Conclusions were drawn on the basis of the conducted research. The main results of the study are: the statement of the fact of insufficient awareness of teachers about the essence of the concepts of “functional literacy” in general and “natural science literacy” in particular. As a result, it is stated that the students are not ready for a scientific explanation and modeling of a real situation.
Centenary of F. M. Dostoevsky's Birth in the Soviet Russian Press
Authors: Kulikova Daria
Published: October 2021

This article considers the attitude towards F. M. Dostoevsky in Soviet Russia during the celebration of his centenary based on materials published in the periodical press. Articles from newspapers and magazines of that era (Trud, Petrogradskaya Pravda, Izvestiya Petrogradskogo sovetа rabochikh i krasnoarmeyskikh deputatov, Narodnoe prosveshcheni, Krasnyy voin, Krasnyy komandir, Krasnaya Nov’, Pechat’ i revolyutsiya, Zhizn’ iskusstva, Sarrabis, Vestnik literatury, Artel’noe delo, Nachala, etc.) were used. Many of these texts have not been previously analyzed by scholars of Dostoevsky’s work. Numerous attempts were made in the Soviet press to interpret the work and ideas of F. M. Dostoevsky in the spirit of socialism. The writer’s negative view of revolutionary ideology was either rejected or distorted by Socialists, however, they were attracted by the image of a former convict and a defender of the “humiliated and insulted”. Certain magazines (Artel’noe delo, Nachala) that appeared in Petrograd during the NEP period, published religious and philosophical articles about F. M. Dostoevsky. The ambivalence of the attitude towards the writer, the presence of socialist and Christian interpretations of his work in the press were a sign of a transitional historical period.
A CASE OF MID-FREQUENCY SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS
Authors: Vlaykov At. , Stoyanov V.
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Mid-frequency sensorineural hearing loss (MFSNHL) is an unusual audiometric finding with a debatable etiology with unclear long-term results. In general, the middle frequencies are affected first, and the process progresses slowly to include all frequencies. There are also some cases where provocative factors have been reported.
Purpose: The aim of the work is to present a clinical case in our practice of the rare occurrence of mid-frequency acoustic hearing loss and its diagnostic approach.
Material and methods: The patient has undergone a number of manual and instrumental tests to confirm or reject a specific cause of the hearing loss condition.
Results: A 52-year-old man was hospitalised with complaints of hearing loss for about a year, judging by the growing difficulty in making a phone call.
Conclusions: Generally, a U-shaped audiogram is thought to indicate hearing loss of genetic origin. However, this type of deafness is not unique to one particular type of genetic mutation. There are also numerous descriptions of non-genetic mid-frequency hearing loss in the literature. In the particular clinical case presented by us, it was concluded that this was a hearing loss, possibly of hereditary nature, after excluding another provocative cause, as well as due to anamnestic data on premature hearing loss in one of the parents.
Sara Arenillas Meléndez. 2020. Discursos, identidades y transgresión en la música popular española (1980–2010): El caso del glam rock y sus variantes [Discourses, Identities and Transgression in Spanish Popular Music (1980–2010): The Case of Glam Rock and Its Variants].
Authors: Belén Calvo Manuela
Published: October 2021

Sara Arenillas Meléndez. 2020. Discursos, identidades y transgresión en la música popular española (1980–2010): El caso del glam rock y sus variantes [Discourses, Identities and Transgression in Spanish Popular Music (1980–2010): The Case of Glam Rock and Its Variants]. Madrid: Sociedad Española de Musicología. 387pp. ISBN 978-84-86878-89-4 (pbk)
“Icelandic Music or Music from Iceland?” The Image of Icelandic Popular Music in British Media
Authors: Sigurdardottir Margret Sigrun , Gunnarsson Kristjan Mar , Thoroddsen Arnar Eggert
Published: October 2021

This article aims to understand the image of Icelandic music as it is portrayed in three British media outlets and how this relates to the country of origin and the national image of Iceland. Using qualitative methods, the authors analysed 195 articles about Icelandic music. The image of Icelandic music has strong connections with Icelandic nature, whether imagined (other-worldly) or real (e.g., lava formations and glaciers). This is particularly true for Björk’s and Sigur Rós’s music. Findings indicate that these artists, specifically the eccentric Björk, have paved the way for a symbolically loaded “Icelandic sound” and, accordingly, have built a strong image of Icelandic music. At the same time, emerging popular artists from Iceland, such as Of Monsters and Men and Kaleo, go against this trend by following a different path which does not match established expectations for Icelandic music, thus shifting the focus from Icelandic music towards music from Iceland.
Mercado, políticas públicas y cooperativas de productores en la lechería uruguaya a comienzos del siglo XX
Authors: Martí Juan Pablo
Published: October 2021

En las primeras décadas del siglo XX se comenzó a desarrollar la producción lechera en Uruguay. Si bien los antecedentes remiten a los tiempos de la colonia, es solo a partir de las técnicas de refrigeración que la producción lechera se expandió y aumentó decididamente el número de productores. Para el desarrollo de la lechería en Uruguay fueron fundamentales las cooperativas de productores. La primera de ellas fue la Cooperativas de Lecherías Sociedad Anónima (COLE S.A.) que luego dio lugar a Conaprole, la cual se convirtió en líder del sector y en el presente es la primera empresa exportadora uruguaya. La creación de COLE S.A. se dio a instancia de los productores lecheros. En cambio, para la creación de Conaprole se conjugaron la movilización de los productores lecheros y las políticas públicas. Conaprole es un caso particular de cooperativa creada por la Ley 9526 de 1935. Esta ley, además de otorgarle el monopolio en la industrialización y comercialización de leche en la ciudad de Montevideo, estableció una serie de medidas de intervención estatal. Esta investigación se pregunta por las razones del surgimiento de Conaprole. Analiza el contexto de la época en sus aspectos económicos y sociales, fundamentalmente atendiendo a la participación de los productores lecheros y sus organizaciones. También estudia el contexto político, analizando las políticas públicas y las ideas que estaban detrás de la creación de cooperativas y la evolución del marco normativo que desembocó en la creación de Conaprole. Finalmente, se muestra cómo la creación de Conaprole sintetiza un proceso que se nutre de la movilización de los productores y de la acción de los poderes públicos.
Costos de producción de productos agroecológicos, en productores familiares de pequeña escala, de la Feria Agroecológica UNIMINUTO, Colombia
Authors: Chaparro Africano Adriana María , Salazar Soto Nayeth
Published: October 2021

Esta investigación aplicada se desarrolló entre 2017 y 2018 con productores de la Feria Agroecológica UNIMINUTO - FAU en Bogotá. Su objetivo fue analizar los costos de producción de bienes agroecológicos obtenidos por productores familiares de pequeña escala, debido a que las ventas en este espacio no han incrementado significativamente a través de su historia (2012 a 2018), y debido al reclamo permanente de los compradores por los altos precios de venta. Para alcanzar el objetivo se seleccionó una metodología de cálculo de costos (Chaparro, 2017), que se adaptó y se aplicó a 33 productos —frescos, procesados, aseo y plantas ornamentales— de 15 productores. Luego de recolectar la información en un formato de costos, se realizó un análisis de costos de producción por producto, que luego se comparó con la literatura disponible —21 sistemas de producción documentados—. Como resultados, de los 15 productores, el 80 % no lleva registros de producción, el 26 % no conoce sus costos, y el 37 % no tiene registros de venta.
Economía social y solidaria, trabajo y “don de sí mismo”
Authors: Rita Presta Susana
Published: October 2021

Introducción: Desde los años noventa hasta el presente, las sucesivas crisis han propiciado la construcción de formas de organización socioeconómicas ancladas en la economía social y solidaria. No obstante, dichas prácticas de resistencia han sido colonizadas por distintos sectores en relación a la racionalidad de gobierno neoliberal.

Metodología: Nos centramos en nuestro trabajo de campo (2011-2016) realizado en dos cadenas de valor textil artesanal, ubicadas en Córdoba y Entre Ríos (Argentina). A partir de un enfoque relacional, analizamos múltiples dimensiones para comprender las formas de construcción de poder y sujetos.

Resultados: En el marco de la construcción del dispositivo de la economía social y solidaria, la colonización de los afectos y el gobierno de lo posible han sido dos tecnologías de gobierno de los sujetos articuladas con el fin de obturar o gestionar el conflicto social. Se produce una transferencia de los costos de reproducción de la fuerza de trabajo ya sean hacia cada unidad productiva o individuo. Esto se produce al prescindir de la forma-salario, al mismo tiempo que, los procesos de trabajo y las mercancías producidas se mantienen orientados al mercado.

Conclusiones: Es posible plantear formas “indirectas” de plusvalía, donde el “don de sí mismo” y el “tiempo de espera” constituyen una dimensión central en las formas de subordinación de los procesos de trabajo al mercado.
Motivación: una revisión conceptual
Authors: Sánchez Márquez Nery Isabel
Published: October 2021

Este documento describe los elementos centrales teóricos y prácticos que han sido implementados en el curso de Procesos Psicológicos Básicos y Complejos, el cual se ubica en el segundo semestre del plan de estudios por competencias en la puesta en práctica de la reforma curricular en el programa de Psicología. Este curso es de carácter formativo, pues comprender el funcionamiento y el impacto de cada proceso en los otros procesos psicológicos es base nuclear para la formación del psicólogo. Esta nota de clase constituye una herramienta fundamental para el estudiante del curso, toda vez que le permitirá desarrollar las competencias necesarias para establecer relaciones entre la organización y la dinámica de los procesos psicológicos básicos y complejos, con sus componentes psicobiológicos y psicosociales, así como identificar la participación de los procesos psicológicos implicados en situaciones de ejecución específicas. Todo lo anterior facilitará el desarrollo de la macrocompetencia de “Evaluar las dinámicas y realidades psicológicas individuales y colectivas”, a fin de orientar procesos de diagnóstico e intervención basados en la evidencia, que promuevan el bienestar y la calidad de vida a través de modelos, técnicas e instrumentos de evaluación guiados por aspectos éticos y estándares nacionales e internacionales de la profesión. Finalmente, desde el punto de vista metodológico cabe resaltar que el estudiante encontrará en esta nota de clase una introducción al tema de la motivación, lecturas complementarias, y cuestionarios y evaluaciones prácticas tanto en el inicio como al final de cada tema, lo cual propicia el desarrollo de la competencia propuesta.
Desconfortos vivenciados por mulheres submetidas a histerectomia
Authors: Silva Veloso Amaral Ana Sofia , Coutinho Emília , Nelas Paula , Chaves Cláudia , Duarte João , Cruz Carla
Published: October 2021

Enquadramento: O confronto com a necessidade de ter que se submeter a histerectomia nem sempre é fácil por parte da mulher/casal. Diferentes problemas vivenciados, poderão empurrar para essa decisão, mesmo pairando no andar dúvidas e preocupações quanto ao que poderá vir a sentir pós-histerectomia. Objetivos: conhecer os desconfortos vivenciados pelas mulheres que se submetem a histerectomia. Metodologia: Estudo exploratório e descritivo de natureza qualitativa. Foram participantes dez mulheres submetidas a histerectomia pertencentes a uma Unidade de Cuidados de Saúde Primários da Região Norte de Portugal. Recorreu-se à entrevista semiestruturada, no último trimestre de 2018, tendo-se procedido à transcrição do verbatim das entrevistas e análise qualitativa dos dados, como proposto por Bardin, com ajuda do QSR NVivo na sua versão 12, software de investigação qualitativa. Foi obtida a autorização para a realização do estudo por parte de Comissão de Ética e cumprido todos os procedimentos éticos exigidos a um estudo desta natureza. Os dados apresentados enquadram-se num estudo mais alargado no âmbito das vivências das mulheres submetidas a histerectomia. Resultados: Apresentam-se três categorias emergentes: “Problemas apresentados pelas mulheres antes da histerectomia” constituída por nove subcategorias sendo as hemorragias, os tumores, e o risco de cancro os mais referidos; “Desconfortos manifestados pelas mulheres após a histerectomia” constituída por seis subcategorias das quais a secura vaginal, dor na relação sexual e alteração da imagem corporal sobressaem; e a categoria “Atitudes dos enfermeiros valorizadas pelas mulheres”, com quatro subcategorias, incluindo ajudarem a ultrapassar e tratarem bem Conclusões: se por um lado a histerectomia resolve problemas ginecológicos apresentados pela mulher, aumentado o seu bem-estar e qualidade de vida, por outro também a confronta com o aparecimento de novos desconfortos, para os quais nem sempre se sentia preparada.
Self-compassion mediates the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and athlete burnout among adolescent squash players in South Africa
Authors: Walker Stephen
Published: October 2021

Background: Dispositional mindfulness has been found to positively impact athlete burnout. Furthermore, self- compassion has been identified as a potential mechanism of action through which mindfulness is related to lower rates of athlete burnout. However, this interaction has yet to be investigated among adolescents.
Objectives: To determine whether self-compassion mediates the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and athlete burnout among adolescent squash players in South Africa.
Methods: Competitive adolescent squash players (n=158) from two provinces in South Africa completed measures of dispositional mindfulness, self-compassion and athlete burnout. Intercorrelations were calculated between the three variables. An ordinary least squares regression analysis was performed to test the indirect effect of self-compassion on the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and the three components of athlete burnout.
Results: Both dispositional mindfulness and self-compassion were negatively related to athlete burnout, while displaying positive correlations with each other. Self-compassion was found to partially mediate the relationship between dispositional mindfulness and a sense of reduced accomplishment (b = -0.075; 95% CI [-0.037;-0.012]), as well as the association between dispositional mindfulness and sport devaluation (b = -0.056; 95% CI [-0.099;-0.022]). The relationship between dispositional mindfulness and exhaustion was, however, not mediated by self-compassion (b = -0.002; 95% CI [-0.052; 0.049]).
Conclusion: The effect of dispositional mindfulness on certain components of athlete burnout is partially mediated by self- compassion among adolescent athletes. Based on the current findings, interventions aimed at increasing mindfulness among adolescent athletes appear to be a potential avenue by which to reduce certain aspects of burnout, partially through increasing self-compassion.
A phyto-guide to species selection for optimized South African green infrastructure
Authors: DM Jacklin  , IC Brink  , SM Jacobs
Published: October 2021

In South Africa, rapid environmental degeneration caused by anthropogenic pollution poses a major ecological engineering problem, demanding proper resource mitigation strategies. For the treatment of polluted water and degraded soil systems, green infrastructure (GI) offers an effective, sustainable and affordable nature-based alternative to grey infrastructure. An additive benefit within GI, plant species provide enormous potential to treatment; however, species vary substantially in their pollutant removal and hydrologic performance. South African civil engineers tasked with designing GI often lack expertise and knowledge of plant behaviour and ecosystem dynamics. Therefore, this paper proposes a decision framework to facilitate selection for designing local GI in the form of a phyto-guide, based on existing recommendations and knowledge of removal processes and plant behaviour. Interdisciplinarity at the core of the phyto-guide relies on continuous specialist collaboration with each selection criteria, whilst efficiency and sustainability are considered equally important contributors to successful GI functioning. The spread of invasive alien plants, whether accidental or deliberate, negatively impacts an ecosystem’s capacity to deliver goods and services. Thus, the desire to optimize GI by incorporating effective phytoremediators cannot be prioritised over conservation concerns. In addition, this paper seeks to advance the GI limitation of relying solely on previously identified phytoremediators, by including evaluation criteria of beneficial plant traits as well as plant distribution, behaviour and diversity into the decision-making process for optimized GI. It is recommended that future research engages in discovering less invasive, naturally occurring local species as potential phytoremediators, inspired by South Africa’s rich biodiversity and endemism, as well as conveying the importance of consultation with engineers and ecologists for optimized GI.
Impactos da Pandemia na Sustentabilidade da Mobilidade Urbana no Período Pandêmico
Authors: Martins Ketryan B. , Brasileiro Luzenira Alves
Published: October 2021

O objetivo do trabalho é analisar a influência da pandemia na mobilidade da cidade das pessoas entrevistadas e nos impactos referentes a sustentabilidade dessas cidades no período pandêmico. Ele foi desenvolvido com base em uma coleta de dados por entrevista a usuários dos sistemas de transportes de diferentes cidades do Brasil, a qual foi realizada de forma remota utilizando formulário aplicado pela plataforma Google Forms, sendo que, após a tabulação dos dados, foi analisada a quantidade de pessoas que utilizavam o transporte público e que passaram a utilizar outros modos de locomoção, além do tempo de viagem para cada passageiro; e com isso, foi feito o estudo do caso. Por meio dos resultados obtidos na pesquisa, encontrou-se que o uso do modo automóvel, a pé e motocicleta aumentaram, obtendo o valor a mais de 9%, 5% e 2%, respectivamente; porém o uso da bicicleta permaneceu sendo de 5% dentre as pessoas que responderam o formulário.  Além disso, foi possível obter que 41% das pessoas que se transportavam por menos de 30 minutos de automóvel seriam possivelmente pessoas que poderiam aderir o uso da bicicleta, caso existissem incentivos governamentais, o que deixaria a cidade mais sustentável. Os resultados mostram que a convergência dos dados das diferentes cidades indica um consenso da população brasileira de que há a necessidade de se manter a segurança nos sistemas de mobilidade urbana, pois é um serviço básico necessário à toda a população.
Sustentabilidade a partir do uso de selos de certificação ambiental em empreendimentos de Habitação Social
Authors: Custódio Isabela Macário , David Priscilla Lacerda Duarte , Barata Tomas Queiroz Ferreira
Published: October 2021

A indústria da construção civil é responsável por grande parcela do consumo de matéria-prima e de geração de resíduos. Soma-se a isso, a intensa produção formal de habitações de interesse social dos últimos anos no Brasil, possibilitadas pelo Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida, o que levanta o questionamento sobre a qualidade do que está sendo produzido e qual o impacto ambiental causado durante todo o ciclo de vida dessas construções. Nesse contexto, esse trabalho investiga como a questão da sustentabilidade vem sendo tratada no setor da construção civil no Brasil, com foco em empreendimentos de caráter social, a partir de uma abordagem qualitativa por meio de revisão bibliográfica e estudos de caso. O estudo aprofundou-se nas certificações ambientais, que atuam como forma de incentivo à adoção de estratégias de menor impacto ambiental, em prol de ambientes mais saudáveis e a fim de equiparar as avaliações nos edifícios verdes. Observou-se particularmente o Selo Casa Azul da Caixa, que apesar de possuir falhas, apresenta grande potencial de aplicabilidade em projetos de habitações sociais, como ferramenta no caminho para cidades menos impactantes ao meio.
Description of the State in Time of Linear Automation Systems
as a Consequence of Accumulation and Dissipation of Energy
Authors: Algazin E. I.
Published: October 2021

The concepts of the state in time of the investigated linear automation system are proposed, which are based on the description of the processes
of accumulation and dissipation of energy, as an attribute of the dissipation time, in the systems under consideration. It is shown that the investigated parameter (voltage across the capacitor UC) has projections in each structure of the temporal relationships of
the considered state in time of the investigated linear automation system.
To the Question of Designing Baromembrane Combined Type Apparatus
Authors: Lazarev S. I. , Lomakina O. V. , Bulanov V. E. , Khorokhorina I. V.
Published: October 2021

The paper considers works on methods for calculating design and technological parameters, design of membrane equipment, research of technological features of membrane devices, selection of design schemes, methods for calculating strength and stiffness. A method has been developed for calculating mechanical loads and determining the thickness of plates and toroidal shells of a membrane apparatus of the combined type, which makes it possible to assess the strength properties of apparatus
of this class. An example of a calculation, which makes it possible to assess the adequacy of the application of this technique to devices of the combined type, is given.
Immuno-correlative light and electron microscopy (iCLEM) using SEM v1
Authors: Oorschot Viola , C Danne Jillian , Lindsey Benjamin , Kaslin Jan , Ramm Georg
Published: October 2021

Immuno- correlative light and electron microscopy (iCLEM) combines ultrastructural information obtained from high resolution electron microscopy with the use of genetically encoded or cytochemical markers. Immuno-CLEM takes advantage of the antigenicity preserved by Tokuyasu sample preparation to identify, quantify and characterise heterogeneous cell populations in small organisms, organs and tissue of healthy and diseased states. iCLEM can be used in combination with scanning EM (SEM), scanning TEM (STEM), and transmission EM (TEM). These protocols are well-suited, for example, for investigating neural stem and progenitor cell populations of the vertebrate nerve system and are available as separate protocols on protocol.io. Here, a method for iCLEM-SEM is described using an adult zebrafish telencephalon brain as a model. This organ is small in size allowing the complete dorsal telencephalic niche to be visualised in sections, and has diverse cell profiles and regenerative potential of local neural stem and progenitor cells. iCLEM-SEM provides a large quantifiable overview of 200 nm tissue sections without the presence of grid bars, and thicker sections enhance the immunofluorescent labelling.
Activity of Cell Wall-Bound and Cytosolic Peroxidases under the Aftereffect of Copper Ions in Nicotiana tabacum Plants
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Tugbaeva Anastasia S. , Ermoshin Alexander A. , Plotnikov Dmitriy S. , Kiseleva Irina S.
Published: October 2021

The adaptation of plants to an excess of heavy metals in the environment and their recovery after elimination of the stressor is of interest in connection with the large-scale pollution of ecosystems and their remediation. This study is aimed at the aftereffect of copper ions (100 and 300 μM) in plants of Nicotiana tabacum L. The level of plant stress markers (concentration of hydrogen peroxide, activity of class III peroxidases – benzidine and guaiacol, their isoforms) during the recovery period after the removal of copper ions from the environment was evaluated in pretreatment by copper ions of different concentration and the use of control plants. During the recovery period, the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in plant organs (root, stem, and leaves) was high compared to the control. The responses of the roots and shoots under the aftereffect of the stressor were different. The activity of cytosolic guaiacol peroxidase and cell wall-bound peroxidases in root tissues increased according to the increase in Н2О2. In plants pretreated with a lower copper concentration, the activity of cell wall-bound peroxidases in the stem and cytosolic and cell wall-bound benzidine peroxidases in leaves increased. In contrast, pretreatment with a high copper concentration led to a decrease in the activity of peroxidases during the period of plant recovery. Thus, plant organs differed in the content of H2O2 and the activity of class III peroxidases localized in different compartments (apoplast and cytosol) and in their ability to recover after the removal of the stressor
Comparative Evaluation of Prooxidant/Antioxidant Balance in Seed Progeny of Plantago major L. from Radioactively and Chemically Contaminated Areas
Authors:   Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology Ural Branch of the RAS, Shimalina Nadezhda S. , Orekhova Natal'ya A. , Pozolotina Vera N.
Published: October 2021

There are many studies addressing plant responses to radioactive and chemical contamination of soils, but few works have been devoted to comparison of biological effects in the areas affected by these human-induced factors. Ionizing radiation and heavy metals have different mechanisms of interaction with biota. Both factors, however, are capable of increasing the generation of reactive oxygen species, which cause enzyme malfunction and cell structure damage. The efficiency of antioxidant systems plays an important role in plant resistance to these impacts. The present study offers a comparative evaluation of prooxidant/antioxidant balance in seed progeny of Plantago major L. growing in the East Ural Radioactive Trace (EURT), in the zone affected by operation of the Karabash Copper Smelter (KCS), and in the reference sites. Lipid peroxidation was assessed by determining malondialdehyde. Evaluation of the antioxidant system was based on the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and total peroxidase, and on the content of low-molecular-weight antioxidants. The study showed that the prooxidant and antioxidant statuses of seed progeny of P. major from the contaminated sites were different from the reference samples and from each other. The pooled EURT sample exhibited a prooxidant shift relative to the reference samples, i. e. not only malondialdehyde but also activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase and the content of low-molecular-weight antioxidants were higher than in the reference samples. Malondialdehyde content in seedlings from the KCS zone did not differ from the reference values; superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were decreased whereas peroxidase activity was higher compared to the activities of these enzymes in the reference samples. Thus, the differences in the plant adaptive responses to ionizing radiation and heavy metals are caused by the dissimilarities in the induction of reactive oxygen species
Governing Precarious Immigrant Workers in Rural Localities: Emerging Local Migration Regimes in Portugal
Authors: Cabral Inês , Swerts Thomas
Published: October 2021

Over the last decades, the globalization of the food and agriculture sector has fueled international labor migration to rural areas in Southern Europe. Portugal is no exception to this trend, as the intensification of foreign investment in agriculture combined with a declining and ageing workforce created a demand for flexible immigrant labor. The Eastern European and Asian immigrant workers who answered the industry’s call were confronted with poor working conditions and lacking access to public services. In this article, we zoom in on the governance challenge that the presence of precarious immigrant workers (PIWs) poses to rural municipalities in the south of Portugal. The burgeoning literature on local integration policies mainly focuses on how cities deal with the challenge posed by international labor migration. This article draws on a detailed case study of the municipality of Odemira to argue that more attention needs to be paid to emerging local migration regimes in non-urban localities. By adopting a regime-theoretical approach, we study how power relations between the local government, civil society, and the private sector play out around the question of immigrant reception. Our study suggests that immigration policies in rural localities are increasingly being developed through cooperation and coproduction between public and private actors. First, we demonstrate how the presence of PIWs is perceived as a policy “problem” by each actor. Second, we outline how a governing coalition formed around the shared concern to improve arrival infrastructures, stimulate integration, mediate socio-cultural impact, and accommodate business interests. We conclude by critically questioning the impact that emerging local migration regimes have on the rights and social position of PIWs in rural contexts.
A Mortuary Complex with Animal Skulls at Khankarinsky Dol, a Scythian Age Cemetery in the Northwestern Altai
Authors: Dashkovskiy P. K.
Published: October 2021

This article presents a description of Khankarinsky Dol mound 34 on the left bank of the Inya River, 1–1.5 km southeast of Chineta, Krasnoshchekovsky District, Altai Territory. Excavations revealed a cist with a supine burial of a male, whose head was oriented to the east. Beyond the eastern wall of the cist, a horse cranium and three crania of sheep were placed. Features of the burial rite suggest that the burial belongs to the Korgantass type, which is distributed over the Altai-Sayan and Kazakhstan, with certain parallels in northern China. Principal categories of offerings are analyzed, including those associated with the horse. On their basis, the horse harness is reconstructed. On the basis of the typology of artifacts and radiocarbon analysis, the burial was dated to the 5th to 4th centuries BC (possibly late 5th to early 4th centuries BC). The Korgantass burials at Khankarinsky Dol and elsewhere in the Altai Mountains indicate a migration from the eastern part of the nomadic world, apparently from northern China or the Trans-Baikal region.
Urbanization Processes in the Indigenous Population of the Altai Republic: Stages, Factors, Prospects
Authors: Chemchieva A. P.
Published: October 2021

This article explores the specifi city of the urbanization process in the native population of the Altai Republic and assesses its principal trends over the course of the years 1926–2020. The focus is on quantitative aspects such as the growth of urban settlements and their population. I look at the ways the urban network has developed in the Altai Mountains. The only urban administrative center shows a potential for agglomerative growth and continues to accumulate the rural population. Townships that had emerged during the Soviet period were unattractive for natives. Three stages in the urbanization process are described: 1926–1950s, 1960–1980s, and 1990 to the present. Over the entire period in question, urbanization was extensive, i.e. caused by migration from rural areas. At the fi rst stage, the key factor was political (collectivization). In the second stage, the factors were socio-cultural (attractiveness of urban lifestyle), economic (higher income and greater availability of jobs), and political (the abolition of “futureless” villages). The main factor at the third stage was socio-economic crisis. A conclusion is made that the potential for extensive urbanization in the native population of the Altai Republic has not yet been exhausted. The most attractive places to migrate are still the region’s capital and its suburbs. However, migration to other cities of Russia is likely to rise. A prediction is made that the role of intensive factors of urbanization in the indigenous population of the Altai Republic will increase.
CORRIGENDUM TO: [Pharmacy Formulas. - 2021. - Vol. 3. - N. 1. - P. 66-75. doi: 10.17816/phf60598]
Authors: Peshekhonova Lyudmila K. , Peshekhonov Dmitry V. , Pyatibrat Alexander O. , Vengerovich Nikolay G.
Published: October 2021

Correction in Peshekhonova L.K., Peshekhonov D.V., Pyatibrat A.O., Vengerovich N.Г. Comparison of the effectiveness of supplementary prescribing the chonodoprotector Mucosat in the oral and parenteral dosage forms during the acute exacerbation of osteoarthritis // Pharmacy Formulas. 2021. Vol. 3. N. 1. P. 6675. doi: https://doi.org/10.17816/phf60598.
Redes neuronales artificiales aplicadas en sistemas de predicción para la seguridad vial
Authors: Carpio Karina Patricia , Oñate- Valdivieso Fernando
Published: October 2021

Artificial neural networks (ANN) are applied in this research for the analysis of variables that could influence the occurrence of traffic accidents on mountain roads. The model was developed through Artificial Neural Networks (RNA), and its efficiency was evaluated for the prediction of traffic accidents considering variables as radio of curvature and track slopes. RNA performance was evaluated by applying the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency and the mean quadratic mistake. The results of the research showed a low performance of the RNA in the prediction of accidents according to the selected variables, which suggests that accidents do not appear to be due to track geometry, but to other elements such as speeding or driver’s sleight of hand. However, the research provides several alternatives for modeling the Network to achieve a more accurate prediction.
Analisis Kekerasan Hasil Pengelasan Gas Tungsten Arc Welding pada Baja ST 37 dengan Variasi Media Pendingin
Authors: Widiantara Gede Agus , Pasek Nugraha I Nyoman , Dantes Kadek Rihendra
Published: October 2021

Cooling media is a substance that increases the hardness value of a materialthrough a heat-treatment process. This study aims to determine the effect of cooling media on the hardness of ST 37 steel due to Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW). The method used is an experimental method using the independent variables, namely water cooling media, seawater cooling media, and oil cooling media, while the dependent variable is the hardness test result. In specimens using water cooling media, the hardness in the weld area is 47.19 kg/mm2, in the HAZ area the it is 54.6 kg/mm2, and the base metal gets a value of 40.87 kg/mm2. While the specimens with seawater cooling media get a value in the weld area of 76.37 kg/mm2, in the HAZ area it gets a value of 83.89 kg/mm2 and the base metal gets a value of 70.13 kg/mm2. The specimens with oil cooling media the value in the weld area is 40.77 kg/mm2, in the HAZ area it gets a value of 43.32 kg/mm2 and the base metal gets a value of 36.09 kg/mm2 . From the hardness values obtained, specimens immersed in seawater cooling media have the highest hardness values compared to water and oil cooling media.
Hysterectomy for primary gynaecological malignancies in a non-cancer centre: prevalence, indications and surgical outcomes at a tertiary hospital in Port-Harcourt, Nigeria: a six-year review
Authors: Awoyesuku Peter A. , Kwosah Ngozi J. , John Dickson H. , Amadi Simeon C.
Published: October 2021

Background: Gynaecological malignancies continue to be an important public health problem globally and are among the leading causes of morbidity and cancer-related deaths worldwide. In developing countries there is poor awareness and late presentation, and specialized cancer treatment centers are few, necessitating the gynaecologists at the tertiary hospitals to render surgical care for some cancer patients. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence, indications, and surgical outcome of hysterectomy for primary gynaecological malignancies and assess the associated factors.Methods: This was a retrospective review of hysterectomies performed between March 2015 and February 2021. Data were obtained from operating theater and gynaecological ward records. Information on age, parity, indication, length of surgery, blood loss and any blood transfusion, post-operative complication, and mortality, were extracted. Data were analyzed using Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 20.Results: Of 1240 major gynaecological surgeries, 26 were hysterectomies for malignant conditions giving a prevalence of 2.1%. Commonest indication was Endometrial cancer 16 (61.5%), followed by cervical cancer 3 (11.5%) and ovarian malignancy 3 (11.5%). There was a significant relationship between age (p=0.027) with the indications for hysterectomy. Commonest complication was anaemia 6 (23.1%) and wound sepsis 5 (19.2%). Anaemia was significantly associated with duration of surgery (p=0.004) and estimated blood loss (p=0.005).Conclusions: The prevalence of 2.1% for a non-cancer center is a fair contribution to efforts at caring for cancer patients. All surgeries were simple TAH±BSO and more than half were done for endometrial cancer. Further training of cancer surgeons and establishment of a Cancer Centre in the State is needed.
Childlessness and health seeking behavior in resource poor setting of dang and Udayapur district of Nepal
Authors: Gupta Rajani , Adhikari Renu , Rishal Poonam
Published: October 2021

Background: Childlessness is not problem in resource-poor area where fertility rates are high. The consequence of childlessness is very severe in low-income countries like Nepal, particularly for women. Childless women are frequently stigmatized, isolated, ostracized, disinherited and neglected by the family and local community. This may result in physical and psychological abuse, polygamy and even suicide. The aim of the study is to explore the perception of childlessness, its cause and consequences and health seeking behavior among couples in order to develop strategies for action and policy-setting.Methods: This was a qualitative study conducted in Dang and Udayapur district of Nepal. Childlessness couple were recruited through snowball sampling. Information was also gathered from key informant and Focus group discussion. All interview were audiotaped using a digital recorder.Results: Women expressed that they are being discriminated, humiliated and intimated by their family members and society for being childlessness. Despite childlessness problem with husband, women experience emotional and physical abuse. Financial constraints and unaffordable service as one of the major problems among couple that led to withdrawal or stop attending their follow up for modern treatment.Conclusions: The study concludes that childlessness women suffer from all spare of their personal and social life although childlessness is a biomedical cause. Financial hardship and family pressure made them to seek traditional healer for first treatment approach for childlessness rather than modern method of treatment. Therefore, childlessness needs to be seen as a public health issue rather than a pure medical condition. Hence, multi-sectoral (i.e., Preventive, promotive and social dimension) response to address childlessness could be valuable.
Feto-maternal outcome of oligohydramnios in tertiary care hospital
Authors: Prajapati Shetal , Johar Sakina
Published: October 2021

Background: The importance of amniotic fluid volume as an indicator of fetal wellbeing has made its assessment an important part of antenatal fetal surveillance. Oligohydramnios complicates 0.5% to 8% of pregnancies and the prognosis for pregnancies complicated by oligohydramnios is dependent on the gestational age and the underlying aetiology. This study aims to determine the feto-maternal outcome of oligohydramnios in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: In this study, we included 100 patients of oligohydramnios, with AFI ≤5 cm with a singleton pregnancy with intact membranes. The maternal outcome was accessed by mode of delivery and maternal complications and the neonatal outcome was studied by birth weight, APGAR score, NICU admission and perinatal mortality.Results: PIH was the most common risk factor in 38% of cases followed by IUGR in 29%, doppler changes in 24%. The reduced diastolic flow was the most common abnormal doppler finding in the 23% abnormal doppler cases, from which 39% underwent cesarean section, 9% required NICU admission and 61% had neonatal death. 53% delivered by cesarean section of which 13% had neonatal death. NICU admission is required in 64% of cases.Conclusions: We conclude that oligohydramnios is a high-risk pregnancy and proper antepartum care, intensive fetal surveillance and intrapartum care are required in a patient with oligohydramnios. Every case of oligohydramnios needs careful antenatal evaluation, parental counselling, individualization, decisions regarding time and mode of delivery. Continuous intrapartum fetal monitoring and good neonatal care are necessary for a better perinatal outcome.
COVID-19 and pregnancy- review of cases from a tertiary public hospital in Mumbai
Authors: Wani Reena , Paprikar Sachin , Relwani Hema , Ansari Sumaiya
Published: October 2021

Background: In December 2019 a novel strain of coronavirus, was first isolated by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. This strain connected to the cluster of acute respiratory illness cases from Wuhan, China was later officially named as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2). On 30th January 2020, WHO declared the outbreak of SARS-Cov-2 a public health emergency of international concern, and on 11th March 2020 declared it to be a pandemic. Pregnant women are known to be at higher risk of severe morbidity and mortality from respiratory infections such as influenza and SARS, making a strong case for pregnant women to be considered an at-risk population for COVID-19. This study aimed to assess the clinical picture, obstetric outcome and neonatal outcome in COVID positive pregnant cases.Methods: We did a retrospective observational cohort study in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at a tertiary teaching hospital in Mumbai.Results: In the study duration, 148 were diagnosed as COVID positive (~12%). 9 patients had COVID related symptoms on admission. The obstetric outcome in symptomatic patients was noted to be good. We noted 79.01% of the pregnancies reached term. Cesarean section rate in COVID positive patients was comparable to non-COVID patients in the study duration. Neonatal outcome was only 4 babies of COVID positive mothers were diagnosed positive.Conclusions: Our study shows pregnancy outcomes are not significantly worsened by the COVID-19 infection in spite of the risk factors associated with pregnancy per se and influenza infection in pregnancy.
Prevalence of congenital anomalies in babies and associated maternal etiological factors at tertiary care hospital
Authors: Chandniwala Shahana I.
Published: October 2021

Background: The objective of this study was to know the local prevalence of congenital anomaly and study the maternal risk factors associated with it.Methods: Cross sectional descriptive study was carved out. All live babies were examined for presence of congenital anomalies and mother were looked for presence of socio-demographic factor.Results: In this study of 1 year 5767 live birth took place at tertiary care centre out of which 63 babies had congenital anomalies. Therefore, prevalence of congenital anomalies at tertiary care centre was 1.08%.Conclusions: The incidence of malformations were significantly higher in babies born to mothers over the age of 35 years and with parity 4 and above.