bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kısmi Orantılı Olasılık Modeli ile Türkiye’de Eğitim Hizmetlerinden Memnuniyeti Etkileyen Faktörlerin Araştırılması
Authors: Ünver Şeyda
Published: January 2025

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu tarafından 2021 yılında yapılmış olan Yaşam Memnuniyeti Araştırması’nın mikro veri setlerinden yararlanılarak Kısmi Orantılı Olasılık Modeli ile Türkiye’de bireylerin eğitim hizmetlerinden memnuniyetini etkileyen faktörleri belirlemektir. Model sonuçları incelendiğinde yaş, medeni durum, eğitim düzeyi, sağlık memnuniyeti, dini inanç baskısı, hane aylık geliri değişkenlerinin anlamlı olduğu görülmektedir. Çalışmaya göre 24 ve altı yaş aralığında yer alan bireylerin %53,5’i eğitim hizmetlerinden çok memnun/memnun iken, %27,6’sı eğitim hizmetlerinden memnun değil/hiç memnun değildir. Ayrıca çalışmada kadınların %54,1’inin eğitim hizmetlerinden çok memnun/memnun olduğu, erkeklerin ise %56,3’ünün eğitim hizmetlerinden çok memnun/memnun olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda bireylerin yaşları arttıkça eğitim hizmetlerinden memnun olma olasılığının azaldığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmaya göre evlilerin bekârlara göre eğitim hizmetlerinden memnun olma olasılığı daha fazladır. Ayrıca çalışmada bireylerin gelir düzeyleri arttıkça eğitim hizmetlerinden memnun olma olasılığının azaldığı tespit edilmiştir.
The Effect of Mobile Application on Subcutaneous Anti-TNF Drug Administration in Ankylosing Spondylitis Patients: A Randomized Experimental Study
Authors: Uzgör Füsun , Özkaraman Ayşe , Korkmaz Cengiz
Published: January 2025

Objective: This study was conducted to develop an Android mobile application for the subcutaneous (SC) administration of anti-TNF drugs in ankylosing spondylitis patients and to evaluate its effect on drug administration.

Methods: In the first stage of this randomized experimental study, a mobile application for SC anti-TNF drug therapy was developed. In the second stage, 32 patients who met the sampling criteria were randomized to mobil and booklet groups. Patients in both groups were evaluated using the Individual Identification Form, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), the Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life Scale (ASQoL) and Subcutaneous Anti-TNF Treatment Questionnaire once every 6 weeks for 6 months.

Results: In the first stage, the concordance coefficient of the five experts’ opinions on the information provided in the mobile application was calculated as W:0.272, P=.130. For both patient groups, the mean scores of BASDAI, BASFI, and ASQoL were statistically significantly lower at the last evaluation than at the first. More patients in the education booklet group had their medication applied by someone else (P=.011).

Conclusion: The mobile application developed for SC anti-TNF therapy in AS patients is highly informative and reliable, and it facilitates the administration of SC anti-TNF drugs to patients.
Can history be used to build the nation? An analysis of the idea of a compulsory school history curriculum in post-apartheid South Africa
Authors: Chimbunde P , Moreeng B
Published: January 2025

Despite the critical role of education in peacebuilding, few studies in South Africa have interrogated the role of the school history curriculum on nation-building, leaving a critical gap in our understanding of the impact of a wrongly designed, developed, and implemented history curriculum. This conceptual paper, informed by the sociological foundations of education, responds to one question underpinning this study: What opportunities and threats are there for making school history compulsory in a country composed of diverse histories? Using the case of South Africa, the paper deploys document analysis to explore the risks and possibilities for making a school history curriculum compulsory. The findings replicate that making school history compulsory can be useful for nation-building. The study also argues that school history has two faces: rather than promoting nationalism and social cohesion it can also be a wedge that divides and fragments the society. Considering these findings, the study argues that the curriculum is a product of people and recommends that the school history curriculum in any country must be a selection from the history of all people. Significantly, this study extends and enriches the yet small number of studies that debate making school history compulsory for nation-building. The paper contributes practical insights into how the school curriculum can be designed, developed, and implemented for the good of the whole nation.
The pros and cons of history as a compulsory subject in South Africa from the lens of history teachers in the Frances Baard District
Authors: Sithole F , Fru R
Published: January 2025

The recommendation by the Basic Education Ministerial Task Team to phase in history as a compulsory school subject from Grades 10 to 12 in the Further Education and Training (FET) phase has been one of the most controversial curriculum topics in South Africa in recent years. This uproar can be connected to the fact that the importance of history as a school subject has been topical at local and international levels including certain countries phasing out the subject. This study aimed to establish the views ofhistory teachers from the Frances Baard District on the effectiveness of the call to make history a compulsory subject in South Africa particularly during the FET phase. This study used a qualitative research approach that employed an interpretive paradigm. Semi-structured interviews were employed for data collection and a thematic analysis technique was used to distinguish different themes. Social constructivism was adopted as the theoretical framework to nuance the findings and determine what influenced the teachers' perspectives. The findings indicated that history is still full of great worth in the social and academic fabric of South Africa and for this reason it should be made a compulsory subject in school. The study also assumes that implementing history in the FET band will give more dignity to the discipline leading to improved teaching slots and times.
Self-care tendencies and their pain-relieving effects in patients with endodontic pain: a descriptive survey
Authors: Bengü Hande , Gürel Ekici Mügem , İlk Özlem , Kayaoğlu Güven
Published: January 2025

OBJECTIVE: This paper aims to search for sociodemographic/ dental models predicting the self-care orientations in endodontic patients and to explore the effectiveness of the applied methods in relieving pain.
MATERIALS AND METHOD: Patients with a history of endodontic pain presenting at the endodontic clinic of Gazi University were subjected to a survey. Their sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained. They were asked to select from a structured list whether they had used any self- or
formal care methods. Pain relief was measured using a 5-point standard Likert scale. Statistical analyses were done using multivariate logistic regression, Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis tests, and Benjamini-Hochberg correction.
RESULTS: Among 356 patients, 90% applied self-care alone or in combination with formal care. Maximum pain level, age, and pattern of dental clinic attendance were the variables that predicted orientations to various subcategories of self-care behaviors, with the first two variables remaining statistically or marginally significant in all tested conditions (P < .05 or < .10). Among the home remedies, drinking or local application of alcohol
and intraoral cold treatment by the patient provided significantly greater pain relief than the others (P = .001). Medication under the guidance of a professional was more effective than self-medication (P < .001; except for NSAIDs, which were similarly effective in both cases).
CONCLUSION: Before applying to the dental school hospital, most of the patients used various self-care methods for relieving toothache. Maximum pain and age were the common covariates of various self-care orientations. Overall, formal care relieved pain better than self-care. Home remedies generally displayed little effectiveness.
Implementation and evaluation of a novel community-based urban mobile health clinic in Toronto, Ontario
Authors: O’Neill Meghan , Redelmeier Robert J. , Michalski Camilla , Macaraeg Raymond , Gans Maureen , Schoffel Alice , Diemert Lori M. , Ogbaselassie Luwam , Rosella Laura C. , Boozary Andrew
Published: January 2025

Setting

Despite Canada’s single-payer health system, marginalized populations often experience poor health outcomes and barriers to healthcare access. In response, mobile health clinics (MHCs) have been deployed in several cities across Canada. MHCs are well established in the United States; however, little is known about their role and impact in a country with universal healthcare. We describe the implementation of an urban MHC and early learnings from a mixed methods process and outcome-oriented evaluation.

Intervention

In February 2021, Parkdale Queen West Community Health Centre, TELUS Health for Good, and University Health Network’s Gattuso Centre for Social Medicine partnered to launch a nurse practitioner‒led, community-based MHC in Toronto, Ontario. The MHC provides low-barrier primary healthcare, harm reduction, and mental health services at five convenient locations.

Outcomes

Through an intercept survey (n = 49) and semi-structured interviews (n = 10), we sought to understand the sociodemographic characteristics of clients, their experiences at the MHC, and barriers and facilitators to the MHC in comparison to traditional healthcare settings. Most clients surveyed reported being homeless (61%). Without the MHC, 37% of clients would have accessed care at an emergency department and 18% would not have sought care. Thematic analysis revealed two structural and two relational factors that improved care experiences and care access.

Implications

We demonstrate that in a single-payer health system, MHCs alleviate major barriers to care access for marginalized populations. Learnings provide context to the most salient factors influencing clients’ decisions to seek care at MHCs and can inform how these outreach models are designed.
Liability and the Digital Age: Comparative Analysis of the Australian, South African and CIS States Legislative Approaches
Authors: Pechegin Denis
Published: January 2025

The specific set of means of criminal law protection of the monetary sphere in the state is determined by many factors, among which economic ones are of primary importance. In this regard, approaches to the construction of a set of these means may vary depending on the economic system of the state. States with a develop economy establish criminal law prohibitions in the monetary sphere, mainly concerning counterfeiting of currency, as well as money laundering. Countries with a different, for example, mixed economic system are characterized by the consolidation of additional means of criminal law protection of the monetary sphere, including liability for failure to return funds from abroad, smuggling, etc. With that the rapid proliferation of digital assets platforms has democratized capital flow relations, enabling a vast spectrum of chances to bypass so called analog legal barriers has also raised concerns regarding means of counteracting of unlawful actions in the digital sphere. The study outlines approaches of some different countries, including Australia, South Africa, CIS states, which can be taken into account. It argues that differences in the type of economic systems of the states do not at all predetermine the impossibility of conducting a comparative legal study of their approaches in the digital sphere. On the contrary, the coincidence in the type of economic systems of two or more countries, in the digital age cannot serve as correct grounds for confirming the thesis on the relevance. The author summarizes the need for changes in the liability regulatory framework.
Gender complementarity paradigm and sexual deviance in late Soviet expert and pedagogical texts: The case of the Lithuanian SSR
Authors: Navickaitė Rasa
Published: January 2025

The article analyses how the sexual education and other expert sexological/psychiatric/forensic texts produced in late socialist Lithuanian SSR promoted ideas of gender complementarity and difference and how these ideas were intertwined with homophobic rhetoric. In line with similar developments both East and West of the Iron Curtain in the same period, the experts warned about the dangers of homosexuality and argued that the proper gender roles are declining in a modern society, but have to be protected for the sake of marital happiness and healthy society. While focusing on the particular context of the Western borderlands of the Soviet Union, the article pays attention to the transnational knowledge flows and demonstrates the connections between eugenic, social constructionist and other modern theories as they got taken up in socialist discourses of gender and sexuality.
Arnavutluk lise tarih ders kitaplarında Türk imajı
Authors: Sürenoğlu Ahmet Tuna , Öztaş Sezai
Published: January 2025

Devletler, tarih ders kitaplarında ulusal tarih anlayışlarını ön plana çıkarmakta ve genellikle millî tarihlerine ağırlık vermektedir. Ancak coğrafi olarak yakın ve geçmişte aynı devletlerin egemenliği altında yaşamış milletlerin tarihleri arasında önemli ortak noktalar ve benzerlikler bulunmaktadır. Bu ortak tarihi mirası oluşturan en önemli unsurlardan biri, tarih boyunca geniş coğrafyalara hükmetmiş büyük devletlerdir. Bu devletlerden biri de Osmanlı Devleti’dir. Osmanlı Devleti, asırlar boyunca Balkan coğrafyasında hüküm sürmüştür. Bu bağlamda Osmanlı Devleti, Balkan coğrafyasında önemli bir rol oynamış ve bölgenin siyasi, ekonomik ve kültürel yapısını derinden etkilemiştir. Balkan coğrafyasında Osmanlı Devleti’nden bağımsızlığını kazanan Balkan devletlerinin tarih kitaplarında Türk imajının incelenmesi bu bakımdan önem teşkil etmektedir. Tarih ders kitapları ulus-devletlerin ideolojilerini gelecek kuşaklara aktarması açısından XIX. yüzyıldan günümüze kadar kullanılan araçlardandır. Tarih ders kitaplarının hazırlanması aşamasında da siyasi ideolojilerin etkisi de yadsınamaz. Bu bağlamda Arnavutluk tarih ders kitaplarında Türk imajı, ülkenin tarih anlatısında önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Bu araştırmada, 2016 yılında basılmış ve halen Arnavutluk’ta 10, 11, 12. sınıflarda lise tarih derslerinde kullanılan Histori 10, Histori 11 ve Histori 12 ders kitaplarında Türk imajı incelenmiştir. Araştırmada, sosyal bilimlerde sıkça kullanılan betimsel tarama modeli kullanılmış ve ders kitaplarında Türk tarihiyle ilgili hangi konuların ele alındığı, bu konuların öğrencilere nasıl bir imajla sunulduğu incelenmiştir. Ayrıca, ders kitaplarında Türk tarihine ait olayların ve olguların öğrenciler tarafından nasıl kavrandığına dair soruların ve ek materyallerin (okuma parçaları, görseller) kullanımı da analiz edilmiştir. Osmanlı tarihiyle ilgili olarak İskender Bey’in Osmanlı’ya karşı direnişi, Osmanlı’nın Arnavutluk üzerindeki yönetimsel politikaları ve bağımsızlık süreci gibi belirli temel olayların ön plana çıkarıldığı tespit edilmiştir.
1. Introduction - Background and Aims v1
Authors: Bakker Gert-Jan , Hammer Mathias , Acevedo-Hueso Luis-Francisco , V Avilov Sergiy , Barna Laszlo , Beer Sebastian , Berno Valeria , Cesbron Yann , Faklaris Orestis , Gaudreault Nathalie , Grunwald David , Heintzmann Rainer , Holst Gerhard , Aslihan Koksoy Ayse , Nelson Glyn , Nitschke Roland , L Payne-Dwyer Alex , Schroth-Diez Britta , Srinivasan Sathya , van der Oord Kees , Zeug Andre , McFadden David
Published: January 2025

This protocol is the introduction to the protocols collection "Characterization of the Photon Conversion Factor, Dark Noise, and Dynamic Range of Light Microscope Detection Systems". Here we describe in more detail the mission statement of QUAREP-LiMi Working Group 2, different aims of detection system characterization, a short guide to the protocols in the collection, and detection system basic theory underlying the protocols in this collection.
4. Data Generation - Systems with a Point Detector v1
Authors: Zeug Andre , Berno Valeria , Acevedo-Hueso Luis-Francisco , Bakker Gert-Jan , T Carvalho Mariana , Cesbron Yann , Faklaris Orestis , Aslihan Koksoy Ayse , G Martins Gabriel , McFadden David , Nelson Glyn , Nitschke Roland , Schroth-Diez Britta , Srinivasan Sathya , van der Oord Kees
Published: January 2025

This protocol describes the measurement procedure to produce dark and inhomogeneous illuminated images with a scanning light microscope system equipped with point detectors. The protocol can be followed according to the three different aims of microscope characterization described in the introduction of the protocol collection "Characterization of the Photon Conversion Factor, Noise, and Dynamic Range of Light Microscope Detection Systems". The protocol uses the microscope slide for inhomogeneous illumination described in protocol 2 and generates data which can be analyzed with protocol 5, to obtain the photon conversion factor, readnoise, and dynamic range of the detection system.
Para Politikaları Belirsizlikleri Hisse Senedi Getirilerini Nasıl Etkiliyor? Türkiye Örneği
Authors: Ceylan Fatih
Published: January 2025

Ülkelerarası finansal entegrasyonun giderek artmasıyla birlikte ABD ve Japonya gibi gelişmiş ülkelerde para politikaları kararları küresel finans piyasalar için belirleyici olabilmektedir. Bu ülkelerdeki para politikaları belirsizlikleri özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerde finansal piyasalara hızlıca yayılabilmektedir. Bu nedenle bu çalışma Baker vd. (2016), Husted vd. (2020), Arbatlı vd . (2017) tarafından hazırlanan ABD ve Japonya için gazete bazlı çeşitli para politikası belirsizlik endeksleri ile Türkiye hisse senedi getirisi arasındaki etkileşimini araştırmaktadır. 2003-2024 dönem aralığında aylık veriler ile Kantil-Kantil yaklaşımı (Quantile on Quantile Approach) kullanılan çalışmada son dönemde literatürde sıklıkla kullanılan para politikası belirsizlik endekslerinin farklı kantillerdeki derecelerine farklı kantillerdeki hisse senedi piyasasının tepkisi ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular farklı para politikası belirsizlik endekslerinin Türkiye hisse senedi getirilerine etkisinin kantillere özgü özellikler sergilediğini göstermektedir. Bu nedenle ABD ve Japonya merkezli para politikaları belirsizliklerinin Türkiye hisse senedi getirilerine etkisi asimetrik ve heterojendir. Bu sonuçların yatırımcılar, portföy yöneticileri ve politika yapıcılar için bazı değerli çıkarımlar yapmalarına imkan sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Locusts
Authors: Grenzer Matthias
Published: January 2025

The episodes of the ten signs and/or the prodigies in the Exodus narrative (Exod 7:14–11:10) put forward a set of literary images confronting the reader with environmental disasters. This investigation focuses on the account of the locust proliferation (Exod 10:1–20). Three items will receive specific attention: (a) How does the biblical text describe what happens in nature? (b) Are there human causes of this disaster? For example, do political decisions have an impact on the environment? (c) What does the account of the locust sign reveal about God? With this discussion, I hope to show that biblical literature can enrich the construction of biblical ecotheology and current efforts to safeguard the environment.
The Relationship Between the Level of Socio-Economic Development and the Innovative and Investment Capacity of the Region
Authors:   ITMO University, Golubeva A. S. , Pavlova E. A. ,   ITMO University
Published: January 2025

In the context of the transition of the Russian Federation to innovation-oriented economic growth, the importance of the innovation and investment potential of meso-level socio-economic systems is increasing. The inconsistency of the activities of economic agents in the context of the transformation of the economic model leads to the fact that regional policy faces a number of challenges that cause a decrease in the effectiveness of strategic development. It is assumed that determining the priorities of the spatial and sectoral structure in the development of socio-economic development Strategies allows regions to effectively adapt to environmental conditions and form a competitive innovation infra-structure under the influence of a favorable investment climate. The purpose of this work is to study the regularity of the region's position in the ratings from the presence of priorities of the spatial and sectoral structure in the implementa-tion of the Strategy of socio-economic development and strengthening of innovation and investment potential. The paper analyzed the regional distribution according to Russian ratings with further research of socio-economic develop-ment Strategies and a general assessment of the factors studied, which made it possible to identify the importance of the interdependence of priority areas of the spatial and sectoral structure of the region with the Strategy of socio-economic development and innovation and investment potential. The author's model of the regional innovation system is proposed, which allows to gradually determine the subsystems of the implementation of regional investment and innovation policy, as well as to assess the possibilities of their dynamic interaction, ensuring the continuous circulation of knowledge, investment flows and human capital. The innovation and investment potential as a result of the coordi-nation of the elements of the regional innovation system represents a triad of interaction between the system of creation, dissemination and application of knowledge. The communicative interaction between science, education and business leads to the formation of regional innovation clusters, which are the highest manifestation of the level of development of the innovation and investment potential of the socio-economic system (region/subject of the Russian Federation).
Explainability of Agent Behavior in Clinical Decision Support Systems
Authors:   ITMO University, Isakov A. O. , Gusarova N. F. ,   ITMO University, Dobrenko D. A. ,   ITMO University, Golubev A. A. ,   ITMO University
Published: January 2025

The article considers the task of improving the explainability of agent behavior in clinical decision support systems using multi-agent reinforcement learning, taking into account the behavioral characteristics of individual agents. Special attention is paid to the application of the proximal policy optimization (PPO) algorithm, which is used to simulate the interaction of artificial and natural intelligence agents. In addition, the importance of taking into account the behavior-al characteristics of patients is considered, which is achieved through the use of the developed framework «beliefs-desires-intentions» (BDI). The framework allows you to model patient behavior more accurately, taking into account their individual preferences and needs, which contributes to improving the quality of medical care. To increase the explainability of agent behavior and ensure transparency of decisions, the use of a large language model (LLM) is pro-posed. To assess the quality of the framework as a means of ensuring the requirements of XAI (explicable artificial intelligence), a set of criteria has been developed and its representativeness has been demonstrated. The assessment was carried out by comparing the explanations generated by four popular language models for seven gameplay launches with different initial data. The proposed approach to ensuring explainability in multi-agent simulations opens up opportunities for further development and implementation of such systems in clinical practice.
Identification of the Operating Modes in Single-Phase DC Drives
Authors: Kaymaz Ahmet , Akbaba Mehmet , Akay Ali
Published: January 2025

In this study, operating modes of controlled single-phase rectifier-driven direct current (DC) drives were investigated. It was observed that the motor performance exhibited different behaviour depending on the combined interaction of the rectifier firing angle, motor parameters, motor load (or speed), supply voltage and frequency. It can be said that the voltage across the motor and the current through the motor take different waveforms in each of these different states, which are named drive operating modes in this study. Furthermore, analysis and simulations were conducted for two different types of drives: a) Single-phase fully controlled bridge rectifier drive (FCBRD) and b) Single-phase half-controlled bridge rectifier drive (HCBRD), including a freewheeling diode. As a result, the motor current waveform exhibits seven distinct operating modes, each performing different characteristics when driven by two types of rectifier circuits. On the other hand, the mathematical models of these seven modes were also presented in this study. The actual time variations of voltage across and current through the motor armature and the total harmonic distortion (THD) were presented through simulations for each mode using the obtained mathematical models in MATLAB.
Embedded System-Based Image Processing Methods for Detection of Forensic Events in CCTV Videos
Authors: Kılıç İrfan , Orhan Emre , Özel Muhammed Enes , Arslan Gözde , Yaman Orhan
Published: January 2025

Nowadays, there is no place where security cameras (CCTV) are not used. Security cameras play a huge role in solving criminal cases. However, a lot of time is spent examining these camera recordings. This situation causes the incidents to not be resolved and causes delays. This study, it is aimed to use machine learning to increase the size of security camera recordings with efficient algorithms that can work on devices with low processing power such as embedded systems. Within the scope of the study, an experimental environment was created by installing a security camera system. Fast and effective video reduction algorithms have been developed on videos collected in different scenarios. New approaches called hopscotch and lens algorithms have been presented for video reduction. These approaches are aimed to obtain rapid results by applying them to security camera videos. It is thought that the developed video reduction approaches will lead to the creation of applicable prototypes on embedded cards such as Raspberry Pi. PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) metric was used to compare the images. Real-time results were obtained with our approaches applied to images.
Broken Rotor Bar Fault Detection in Induction Motor Based on Spectral Analysis
Authors: Doğan Zafer
Published: January 2025

Three-phase induction motors are among the most frequently used motors in industrial areas due to their simple structure, low cost, power speciﬁcations, etc. Electric energy consumption from these motors accounts for 68% of the energy used by all motors. The faults that occur in these motors over time decrease motor efficiency and result in significant energy consumption. In this study, a new method based on spectral subtraction (SS) was suggested for determining broken rotor bar (BRB) faults in these motors. The traditional method of motor current signature analysis via Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) is hard to use to diagnose BRB faults because the sideband characteristics used as a fault indicator are also seen in the healthy state at low amplitude levels. In the proposed fault detection method, the FFT of both healthy case and faulty case current signals were calculated and then the SS signal is obtained by subtracting the FFT of the healthy motor from the faulty motor for each time step. In the residual SS signal, fault detection was performed by examining the amplitude levels of the harmonic component of the BRB fault. Experimental results indicate that BRB faults can be successfully detected in squirrel-cage rotor induction motors using the suggested method.
Comparison of Transformer-Based Turkish Models for Question-Answering Task
Authors: Arzu Mehmet , Aydoğan Murat
Published: January 2025

Question-answering systems facilitate information access processes by providing fast and accurate answers to questions that users express in natural language. Today, advances in Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques increase the effectiveness of such systems and improve the user experience. However, for these systems to work effectively, an accurate understanding of the structural properties of language is required. Traditional rule-based and knowledge retrieval-based systems are not able to analyze the contextual meaning of questions and texts deeply enough and therefore cannot produce satisfactory answers to complex questions. For this reason, Transformer-based models that can better capture the contextual and semantic integrity of the language have been developed. In this study, within the scope of the developed models, the performances of BERTurk, ELECTRA Turkish and DistilBERTurk models for Turkish question-answer tasks were compared by fine-tuning under the same hyperparameters and the results obtained were evaluated. According to the findings, it was observed that higher Exact Match (EM) and F1 scores were obtained in models with case sensitivity; the best performance was obtained with 63.99 EM and 80.84 F1 scores in the BERTurk (Cased, 128k) model.
Development of the Institution of Аdoption: Legal Regulation and Socio-Psychological Aspects
Authors: Semya G.V. , Tarasova A.E. , Volchanskaya V.O.
Published: January 2025

The article examines the established practice of legal regulation of the institution of a substitute family. Special attention is paid to the peculiarities and differences in the forms of placement of orphaned children, and their stimulation. Within the framework of the study, legal conflicts in the development of the institution of adoption have been identified, promising directions for eliminating the noted legal problems have been proposed. The influence of current state directions is analyzed: preservation of the blood family, prevention of social orphanhood, support for adoption. In the course of the study, a survey was conducted of employees of guardianship and guardianship authorities, specialists of organizations for orphans and children left without parental care, candidates for substitute parents, parents and adoptive parents. The aim is to study support measures that contribute to the increase in the number of adoptions, with an emphasis on legal regulation, ensuring the child's right to a family, maintaining family ties, including socio-psychological aspects. The results obtained make it possible to take into account specific law enforcement difficulties in the implementation of activities to choose the form of placement of a child and ensure his right to a family. Proposals have been formulated on measures to support the institution of adoption of difficult-to-accommodate categories of children.
Aprovechamiento agrario de la Región de Murcia (España) y el municipio de Fuente Álamo de Murcia: análisis comparado, 1999-2020 / Agrarian exploitation of the Region of Murcia (Spain) and the municipality of Fuente Álamo de Murcia: comparative analysis, 1999-2020
Authors: Castejón Porcel Gregorio , Espejo Marín Cayetano
Published: January 2025

La importancia tradicional del sector agrario en la Región de Murcia dota de gran interés al estudio de su reciente aprovechamiento agrícola, ganadero y forestal (1999-2020). Circunstancia que hace igualmente atractivo el análisis comparativo de estos valores regionales con los de uno de sus municipios más destacados en este sentido, Fuente Álamo de Murcia. El objetivo es, por tanto, estudiar los datos de ambas entidades publicados en los Anuarios Estadísticos de la Región de Murcia y en los Censos Agrarios con el fin de conocer tanto sus cifras totales, su evolución en las primeras décadas del siglo XXI y la situación municipal en el contexto autonómico. Para la actividad agrícola y forestal se analiza la distribución de la superficie de la tierra según tipo de aprovechamiento, sistema productivo y grupos de cultivo, mientras que en la ganadera el número de cabezas y el de explotaciones. Los resultados reflejan una profunda transformación caracterizada por la intensificación y especialización productiva, con tendencias hacia la ampliación del regadío y disminución del secano, siendo regresivas en cuanto a la superficie cultivada y dedicada a herbáceas y leñosos; mientras que el número de explotaciones ganaderas desciende en todos los tipos y se incrementa la cifra de los animales principales.
Caracteres ambientales y espeleotemas de pequeño tamaño en la cavidad de Torca Marino (Parque Nacional de los Picos de Europa, León, España) / Environmental characteristics and small speleothems in the Torca Marino cavity (Picos de Europa National Park, León, Spain).
Authors: González-Gutiérrez Rosa Blanca , Santos-González Javier , Cruz-De Juán Javier , Guerrero-Fernández José Antonio , Mendoza Michel , Vilariño Marcos , Estrada Sergio , Melón-Nava Adrián , Gómez-Villar Amelia , Redondo-Vega José María
Published: January 2025

En este artículo se presentan los datos de temperatura y humedad obtenidos entre 2018 y 2020 a diferentes profundidades (entrada, -350 m, -450 m y -680 m) en la cavidad de Torca Marino (Parque Nacional de los Picos de Europa, León) que, con un desnivel de -943 m, es una de las de mayor desarrollo vertical del mundo. Los datos muestran una temperatura interior de 4,6 ºC a -350 m, entre 4,7 y 5,1 ºC a -450 m y de 4,8 ºC a -680 m, con un ambiente siempre saturado y condiciones homotérmicas, aunque con pequeñas fluctuaciones de hasta 0,4 ºC en el sector de la Gran Mulata, con un gradiente de temperatura muy bajo (0,06 ºC cada 100 m) entre las distintas profundidades. Estos valores son muy semejantes a la temperatura media a la cota de entrada a la cueva, estimada en 4,9 ºC. El paso de los espeleólogos también tuvo repercusión en las temperaturas registradas, que ascendieron hasta 0,5 ºC para volver a sus valores normales. El ambiente saturado ha favorecido el desarrollo de espeleotemas, aunque concentrados únicamente en las galerías horizontales, separadas por grandes conductos verticales. Helictitas, frostworks, coralloids, micro-chimeneas de hadas, pisolitas y agregados columnares son los principales espeleotemas de pequeño tamaño localizados en el interior de la cavidad, destacando su notable desarrollo y, sobre todo, su excelente estado de conservación. En el caso de las micro-chimeneas de hadas, no se han encontrado citas previas en el interior de cavidades.
La Barriada: origen y transformación de un barrio popular de la ciudad de Soria / La Barriada: origin and transformation of a working-class neighbourhood in the city of Soria
Authors: Bachiller Martínez Jesús , Heras Lasanta María
Published: January 2025

Tras la guerra civil, España se encontró con un problema grave de vivienda. Una de las medidas tomadas por el nuevo régimen fue la construcción de viviendas ultrabaratas, destinadas a las capas más humildes de la sociedad. La Barriada de la ciudad de Soria constituye un ejemplo de ese plan. Era un barrio singular, pensado para que fuera autónomo, con unas características físicas y sociales bien definidas, que le otorgaron una gran cohesión social. Las transformaciones de la sociedad española en las últimas décadas han producido cambios en la estructura económica y social del barrio. Se ha creado un nuevo marco de relaciones y ha cambiado su estructura física y estética, lo que ha motivado la aprobación de un plan especial de protección. El presente trabajo trata de identificar y analizar los cambios que se han producido en La Barriada, en qué momento han tenido lugar, qué relación tienen con el contexto en que suceden y qué efectos han contraído en los distintos ámbitos. Para ello se ha utilizado una metodología mixta, en la que, junto a la consulta de distintas fuentes oficiales, se ha realizado un laborioso trabajo de campo, con la realización de un cuestionario y entrevistas directas a los vecinos.
Nella Larsen's Passing in the 21st Century: A Queer Perspective on the Novella and Its Movie Adaptation
Authors: Kylarová Dagmar
Published: January 2025

The article identifies and analyzes moments of queer passing in Nella Larsen’s novella Passing (1929) and its movie adaptation Passing (2021). The focus of the article is on the two main characters, Clare and Irene, whose queer passing is examined from the point of view of escaping the boundaries and restrictions of heterosexually normative spaces. In particular, the paper emphasizes how the two women manipulate and use their appearance, social status, and private relationships to slip out of normative spaces and construct new, queer spaces. In this way, the article highlights the multidimensionality of passing and the queering of boundaries it enables.
The phenomenon of nostalgia in American popular music. The cases of Drake’s “Honestly, Nevermind”, Beyoncé’s “Renaissance”, and The Weeknd’s “Dawn FM”
Authors: Bator Kacper
Published: January 2025

Ubiquitous music has become an integral part of our lives. Sounds from the United States and Canada have almost always dominated the charts and the hearts of audiences around the world. This is not surprising since these top-quality productions hit people's tastes very easily, enjoying particular popularity. Among the multitude of musical genres, performers and songs, it is also easy to highlight the numerous elements that have common references in all musical genres. One of these is the creation of nostalgia in music, which, among other things, manifests itself through the use of various musical motifs or distinctive sounds or instruments to create music similar to a particular time period. Artists also reach back to old songs so as to create an entirely new work from them, but this is just one way of referring to the past in creativity. A perfect example of this issue is the albums “Dawn FM”, “Renaissance” and “Honestly, Nevermind”, released in 2022, which all show, through their similarities and differences that this trend is being used as much as possible by the biggest names in American popular music today.
The role of “small alliances” in the foreign policy of Ukraine: the case of Lublin Triangle
Authors: Kolos Dmytro Mykola
Published: January 2025

This study focuses on the analysis of the functionality of the Lublin Triangle as a component of the strategy of conducting “small alliances” in the foreign policy vision of Ukraine. The article is devoted to the study of the reasons, goals, results of the activities of the Lublin Triangle since 2020 until present days and conducting forecast for the future of this international entity. To conduct the research, it was appropriate to use factor analysis to determine the main determinants that drive the functionality of the Lublin Triangle, content analysis of existing documents and interviews of officials and researchers, as well as a level of analysis that contributes to a deeper understanding of this topic at the domestic, regional, and global levels. The preliminary results of the study indicate that the cooperation of Lithuania, Poland, and Ukraine within the framework of the Lublin Triangle was the most effective and practical in comparison with other international organizations in which Ukraine participates as part of the “small alliances” policy. The high activity of the participants of the Triangle is also explained by the common historical past and the similarity in their visions of political and security stability in Central and Eastern Europe. In addition, the existing threat from the Russian Federation and Belarus to the participants of this alliance, as well as the growing tension between the United States and the People's Republic of China, will only increase the importance of cooperation in this format. Considering the open phase of the Russian Federation's invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, as well as a long-term prospect of Ukraine's integration into NATO, this interstate entity will maintain and increase its relevance, which allows for further and deeper research on this issue.
Oral history on Polish Radio Lublin
Authors: Borowik Czesława
Published: January 2025

The author discusses the origins and development of oral history projects initiated and coordinated by Polskie Radio Lublin. The article begins with a short presentation of the relationships connecting this type of sources with radio reportage. Then, the author presents the specifics of working with oral history texts in the radio journalist's workshop. The study ends with a discussion of the activities of the Oral History Studio and the Association of Oral History Lovers, as well as the achievements and archival legacy of these institutions.
Dualistic organization of the executive authority: theory issues and modern ukrainian experience
Authors: Martyniuk Roman , Datsiuk Oleksii
Published: January 2025

The form of government established by the current version of the Constitution of Ukraine generally meets the criteria of a mixed republic. One of the distinguishing features of the mixed republican form of government is the dualism of executive power, which provides for the constitutional consolidation of the joint competence of the president and the government in the executive branch. The presence of the president and the prime minister as two leading subjects of the executive power, none of whom dominates competently, prevents the abuse of executive power. The dualistic organization of the executive power also makes it possible to reduce the danger of a tough confrontation between the head of state and the parliament, a potential flaw of the presidential form of government, and the threat of permanent governmental instability, a potential flaw of the parliamentary form of government. The model of competence relations between the president and the government has a decisive influence on the effectiveness of the mixed republic. The general mixed republic approach to the division of powers between the president and the prime minister in the executive branch is that although the respective powers of these subjects are “intertwined”, the powers of the president are decisive. The president as a head of state is mainly responsible for solving strategic issues, controls such spheres of state authority activities as foreign policy, national security and defense, while the prime minister solves tactical tasks and carries out operational, day-to-day management. The analysis of the relationship between the president and the executive power characteristic of a mixed republic provides the necessary criteria for assessing the distribution of the joint competence of the President of Ukraine and the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine established by the Constitution of Ukraine. The model of competence relationships of these subjects, established by the initial version of the Constitution of Ukraine, corresponds to a greater extent to the criteria of the presidential form of government, and the current version of the Constitution of Ukraine complies with the criteria of a mixed parliamentary-presidential republic. At the same time, the tools of influence on the executive power available to the President of Ukraine are obviously insufficient and create serious complications in the implementation of the constitutional status of the head of state.
The Functional Fitness of the Community Dwelling Older Adults in Shan
Dong of Mainland China in Comparison with the Population in Hong
Kong
Authors: Li Zongtao , Teng Yu , Wang Huigang , Liu Hao , Zhao Lei
Published: January 2025

Purpose: To compare the functional fitness (FF)
of the community dwelling older adults in Shan Dong (SD) of mainland China
with their peers from Hong Kong (HK). Methods:
1887 older adults living in SD were assessed with the Senior Fitness Test
(SFT). One-sample t-tests were used to determine age group differences in
each FF component between the SD and HK populations.
Results: Compared with their HK peers,
SD adults showed better performance in the task of 30s arm curl, but lower
ability in the 30s chair stand, back scratch, chair sit & reach, and 8
ft up & go across all age groups. In the 2 min test, SD males
demonstrated lower capacity at 75-79 years old, females exhibited higher and
lower ability at 65-69, 70-74 and 80-84 years old, respectively.
Additionally, higher BMI was observed in SD males at 65-69 years old and in
females at 65-69, 70-74 and 75-79 years old. The changing trends of SD-HK
disparities with aging varied between genders and different FF parameters,
and notably, the disadvantage in motor abilities of the SD old females
tended to increase with age, which resulted in relative larger gaps at 80-84
years old. Conclusions: There are great
disparities in functional fitness between the older adults of SD and HK.
Age-stratified and gender-specific interventions focusing on the motor
abilities of lower extremity strength, upper and lower body flexibility and
agility and balance control should be established for the SD old residents,
especially for females.
Potencialidades das redes sociais virtuais para a Divulgação Científica
Authors: Almeida João Vitor Venceslau de , Damasceno Matheus Lau , Moreno-Rodríguez Andrei Steveen
Published: January 2025

Em um cenário de aumento significativo do uso das redes sociais na web, divulgadores de ciências passam a utilizar as diversas plataformas disponíveis para o compartilhamento de informações sobre Ciências e Tecnologia. Considerando a importância da divulgação do conhecimento científico, este estudo objetivou analisar discussões acerca das potencialidades promovidas pelas redes sociais virtuais para a realização da Divulgação Científica. Para isso realizamos um levantamento bibliográfico na plataforma de periódico da CAPES. Por meio da Análise Textual Discursiva, foram analisados 28 artigos, publicados entre 2014 e 2022. A categoria emergente “Potencialidades das redes sociais virtuais para a promoção da Divulgação Científica”, permitiu evidenciar que as redes sociais possibilitam uma maior interação, aproximação e acesso do público às discussões sobre Ciência e Tecnologia, por meio do uso de diversos recursos das plataformas de rede social, além de diferenças a respeito da produção da Divulgação Científica em relação à mídia tradicional.
Profissão Biotec: relato de 7 anos de popularização da biotecnologia
Authors: Bernardi Videira Natalia , Fernandes Rodrigues Thiago , Gimenes Lopes Izabela , Pereira Lopes Bruna
Published: January 2025

O Profissão Biotec é um coletivo de divulgação científica voluntário, independente, sem sede física e sem fins lucrativos, composto por aproximadamente 40 jovens estudantes e profissionais da área de biotecnologia. Fundado em 2016, o projeto tem o objetivo principal popularizar a biotecnologia e suas contribuições tecnológicas e inovadoras, por meio da produção de conteúdos originais, em linguagem acessível, e em diversos formatos (texto, imagens, vídeos, áudio). Neste relato de experiência, trazemos informações sobre a estruturação do projeto, principais conteúdos produzidos, crescimento, e estratégias utilizadas para adquirir visibilidade. Durante 7 anos de divulgação científica, o projeto iniciado com um blog evoluiu para um site com domínio próprio, hospedando uma revista registrada de divulgação científica online, e com presença nas principais redes sociais (Instagram, LinkedIn, Twitter, Facebook, Youtube, TikTok). Além da produção periódica de artigos, notícias, vídeos e infográficos, destacam-se outros projetos como: e-book de divulgação de institutos de pesquisa, concurso cultural de imagem científicas, Mapa Biotec, podcast Bio é Tech, entre outros. O crescente número de interações, visualizações e engajamento evidencia a qualidade e importância de nossa produção científica, desempenhando um papel fundamental na disseminação e promoção da Ciência e Biotecnologia no Brasil.