bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diversity, Abundance, and Habitat Association of Medium and Large-Sized Mammals in Tiski Waterfall, Awi Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Derebe Binega , Derebe Yonas , Kassaye Melkamu
Published: June 2022

The reliable data on faunal diversity, abundance, and habitat preference are essential for proposing and establishing relevant conservation interventions. A survey was done from September 2019 to March 2021 to investigate the diversity, relative abundance, and habitat association of large and medium mammals in Tiski Waterfall, Ethiopia. Data were collected using the line transect survey method in both habitat types. In cliff sites, the point transect was also used. The habitats were populated by large and medium animal species that favor dense forest and shrubland habitats near water sources. During the research, three different habitat categories were evaluated (dense forest, shrubland, and cliff sites). Ten mammalian species were discovered. During the wet season, there were 243 ± 6.6 populations recorded, while during the dry season, there were 204 ± 6.8. Seasonal differences in species abundance were statistically significant

p
≤
0.
001

. The total populations of the three habitat types were 198.2 ± 7.39, 135 ± 5.35, and 114 ± 5.16 for dense forest, shrubland, and cliff site, respectively. All three habitat categories had a great difference in species abundance

p
≤
0.
001

. The olive baboon (Papio anubis) was the most common, accounting for 38 percent of the population, followed by the vervet monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops), which accounted for 23 percent. Leopard (Panthera pardus) and common bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus) contributed the least to the total, accounting for only 2% each of the total. The highest diversity of mammalian species was found in dense forest (H′ = 0.98), followed by shrubland (H′ = 0.90), and the cliff location has the lowest diversity (H′ = 0.57). The maximum uniformity of the species was found in dense forests (J = 0.51), followed by a shrub region (J = 0.43), and the remaining of the habitat (J = 0.35). Dense forest and shrubland had the highest species similarity (Sl = 0.67), followed by shrubland and cliff site (SI = 0.61). In dense forests with cliff sites, the similarity was lowest (SI = 0.31) in each. To limit the impact of agricultural growth on big and medium mammals, good habitat management is required.
[Retracted] Efficacy of Analgesic Propofol/Esketamine and Propofol/Fentanyl for Painless Induced Abortion: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Xin Naixing , Yan Wei , Jin Shuangfen
Published: June 2022

Background. Patients have widely accepted abortion as a remedy for contraceptive failure all over the world. Esketamine is a new anesthetic, sedative, and analgesic drug. Fentanyl is an opioid receptor agonist and a commonly used sedative. It is necessary to choose appropriate sedative drugs for painless abortion. Methods. We selected 238 cases of painless induced abortion from January 2020 to January 2022. We collected surgical parameters, the performance of sedation, and postoperative scales with complications before and after the operation. SPSS 21.0 was used to analyze data. Results. Surgical indicators between intervention and control groups had no difference; the preoperative indicators including intraoperative bispectral index (BIS), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) had no difference between the two groups. But after surgery, experiment groups had a higher value than the control group in these four indicators. The incidence of postoperative complications including nausea and vomit had no significant difference while the experiment group had a lower r‐value than the control group in hypotension, bradycardia, decreased oxygen saturation, and respiratory depression. The postoperative VAS score and Ramsay score in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group. Conclusion. Since esketamine had better sedation performance, reduce the risk of cardiovascular and respiratory depression during sedation, and reduce the pain scale compared with fentanyl, we supported that propofol/esketamine is a good choice for patients receiving a painless induced abortion, and it is a sedation plan worth promoting and further analysis.
The Effectiveness and Safety of Hormonal Combinations of Antiepileptic Drugs in the Treatment of Epileptic Electrical Continuity in Children during Sleep: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Zhang Jinlai
Published: June 2022

Objective. A systematic evaluation of the efficacy of hormones in combination with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) compared to AEDs alone in the treatment of children with encephalopathy related to status epilepticus during slow sleep (ESES). This study provides an evidence-based approach to the treatment of children with ESES. Materials and Methods. To find all relevant studies published before March 2022, we searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Clinical Trials, Cochrane Library, CNKI, and Wanfang databases. We explore the difference between AEDs combined with hormones and AEDs alone for ESES treatment. All outcome data, including Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, the effective rate, EEG discharges, and adverse effects rate (AER), were compared using Review Manager 5.3. Results. There were 805 patients in this study’s seven investigations, including 403 in the experimental group and 402 in the control group. Meta-analysis showed that after treatment, compared with the AEDs alone group, the hormone combined with AEDs. The difference in clinical improvement rate [RR = 1.25, 95% CI (1.15, 1.36),

p

 < 0.00001], electroencephalographic (EEG) discharge improvement rate [RR = 1.31, 95% CI (1.22, 1.41),

p

 < 0.00001], and cognitive intelligence score [SMD = 1.02, 95% CI (0.76, 1.28),

p

 < 0.00001] was statistically significant. The differences were statistically significant in terms of 0.00001; the incidence of adverse reactions was higher in the hormone combined with AEDs group than in the AEDs group alone, and the differences were statistically significant [RR = 4.13, 95% CI (1.06, 16.13),

p

 < 0.01], and all adverse reactions improved or disappeared after discontinuation of the drug. Conclusions. The combination of hormones with AEDs for the treatment of epileptic electrical continuity in sleep has advantages over AEDs alone in terms of controlling seizures, improving EEG abnormalities, and improving cognition. The combination of hormones with AEDs has advantages over AEDs alone in controlling seizures, improving EEG abnormalities, and improving cognition and is relatively safe.
Effectiveness of Mayinglong Musk Hemorrhoid Ointment on Wound Healing and Complications after Internal Hemorrhoid Ligation and External Hemorrhoidectomy
Authors: Lin Sen , Zang Meichun
Published: June 2022

Objective. To investigate the effect of Mayinglong Musk Hemorrhoids Ointment on wound healing and complications after internal hemorrhoid ligation and external hemorrhoidectomy. Methods. This is a retrospective study. A total of 100 patients with mixed hemorrhoids who were treated in our hospital from August 2019 to October 2020 were recruited and assigned to an operation group (n = 50, internal hemorrhoid ligation, and external hemorrhoidectomy) or a combined group (n = 50, use of Mayinglong Musk Hemorrhoid Ointment after internal hemorrhoid ligation and external hemorrhoidectomy). The wound-healing effect, wound-healing time, visual analog scale (VAS), anal function, and complications were compared between the two groups. Results. The combined group exhibited a significantly higher total effective rate of wound healing when compared with the operation group (p<0.05). The patients in the combined group experienced remarkably faster wound healing than the operation group (p<0.05). The visual analog scale (VAS) score of the combined group was significantly lower than that of the operation group (p<0.05). The combined group obtained superior anal function than the operation group (p<0.001). Conclusion. Mayinglong Musk Hemorrhoid Ointment combined with internal hemorrhoid ligation and external hemorrhoidectomy in the treatment of mixed hemorrhoids yields remarkable outcomes. It improves the wound healing outcomes, accelerates wound healing, relieves postoperative pain, enhances anal function, and reduces the occurrence of postoperative complications in the patient.
Recurrent Neural Networks for Feature Extraction from Dengue Fever
Authors: Daniel Jackson , Irin Sherly S. , Ponnuramu Veeralakshmi , Pratap Singh Devesh , Netra S.N. , Alonazi Wadi B. , Almutairi Khalid M.A. , Priyan K.S.A. , Abera Yared
Published: June 2022

Dengue fever modelling in endemic locations is critical to reducing outbreaks and improving vector-borne illness control. Early projections of dengue are a crucial tool for disease control because of the unavailability of treatments and universal vaccination. Neural networks have made significant contributions to public health in a variety of ways. In this paper, we develop a deep learning modelling using random forest (RF) that helps extract the features of the dengue fever from the text datasets. The proposed modelling involves the data collection, preprocessing of the input texts, and feature extraction. The extracted features are studied to test how well the feature extraction using RF is effective on dengue datasets. The simulation result shows that the proposed method achieves higher degree of accuracy that offers an improvement of more than 12% than the existing methods in extracting the features from the input datasets than the other feature extraction methods. Further, the study reduces the errors associated with feature extraction that is 10% lesser than the other existing methods, and this shows the efficacy of the model.
Strategy of Maintainable Renewal of Assembled Residential Buildings Based on PSO-ELM
Authors: Zhang Yitong , Wu Yuhang , Sui Jing , Lee Min
Published: June 2022

Based on the PSO-ELM model, we analyze the key elements of safety input to respond to accidents and construct and evaluate its resource input optimization scheme. Based on the PSO-ELM cost prediction model, we analyze the key safety inputs for accident response and construct and evaluate the optimal allocation of resources. The results show that improving the technical level of component lifting is the key point of safety management in the construction of assembled buildings; increasing the strength of safety inspection before delivery of components, enhancing the technical performance of component safety status identification, and reasonably planning the frequency of using special transportation vehicles for components are effective ways to achieve the balance of safety, schedule, and cost of the project.
Resection of Primary Renal Leiomyosarcoma Involving the Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) with IVC Resection and Reconstruction
Authors: Alshawwa Khaled , Hijazi Jamal , Jaber Bashar , AlHassan Haitham , Abu-Amer Thaer , Salahaldeen Riyad , Abu-Zaydeh Omar , Haddad Riad
Published: June 2022

Renal leiomyosarcoma is a rare, aggressive tumor of the smooth muscles of the kidney. In our case, the tumor has special characteristics that made it highly challenging, as it involved major vessels and other adjacent vital structures. The rarity of the tumor type itself and the special challenging features we faced intraoperatively encouraged us to report the case including the management plan for R0 resection. Our patient is a forty-two years old previously healthy female, with vague nonspecific presenting complains, ended up with a major highly advanced surgery necessitating the need for vascular reconstruction of IVC. The surgery was performed by a multidisciplinary team of highly specialized surgeons in related fields. The surgery went well, and the outcome was promising. The patient was followed up for about four months later, with uneventful course.
A Novel and Improved Logarithmic Ratio-Product Type Estimator of Mean in Stratified Random Sampling
Authors: Iftikhar Soofia , Khalil Alamgir , Ali Amjad
Published: June 2022

Population mean is an important characteristic from many perspectives in statistical methodology. In this connection, many separate ratio type estimators of population mean have been developed by the researchers to gain more precision and efficiency available in the literature. This study suggests a new class of logarithmic separate ratio-product type estimators of a finite population mean in stratified random sampling using one auxiliary variable to achieve enhanced precision and efficiency. The mean square error expression for the proposed class of estimators and some selected estimates are derived till first order of approximation. Three real data sets and a simulation study reveal that the proposed estimators outperform other estimators used in this analysis.
Research on Extraction Method of Multiple Narrow Channel Vessel Trajectory Feature in Yangtze River Based on VITS Data
Authors: Yan Xintong , He Jie , Ren Qiaoqiao , Bai Chunguang , Zhang Changjian , Wang Chenwei
Published: June 2022

Vessel big data play a significant role in understanding vessel behaviors and thus facilitating the prosperity of waterway transportation. However, relevant research regarding vessel trajectory recognition in a broad range of narrow channels still lacks, especially using VITS data. The major objective of this paper is to conduct vessel trajectory analysis based on the novel VITS data and examine its availability in inland waterway vessel transportation. An alternate aim is to develop a more comprehensive framework to extract the vessel trajectory of multiple narrow waterways. This paper utilized vessel trajectory information of multiple narrow channels belonging to Yangtze River captured by VITS. Four compression algorithms were conducted. Additionally, the performances of three clustering approaches were evaluated. Speed distribution analysis was also implemented. The results indicated that slide window (SW) algorithm outperforms its other counterparts. Relative to DBSCAN, K-means and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) tend to be more capable of balanced classification. This paper is the first to utilize VITS data in vessel trajectory feature extraction and can potentially provide useful insight for vessel trajectory extraction in multiple narrow channels.
Effect of Hospital-Family Rehabilitation Intervention on Walking Function and Lower Limb Surface Electromyography in Children with Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Wang Jing , Yue Ling , Chen Zhihong , Bai Bing , Chen Cuiying
Published: June 2022

Objective. To explore the effect of hospital-family rehabilitation intervention on walking function and lower limb surface electromyography in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Methods. About 100 children with CP treated in our hospital from February 2019 to April 2021 were enrolled. The patients were randomly assigned into control group and study group. The control group received routine intervention, and the study group received hospital-family rehabilitation intervention. The intervention effect, GMFM88 scale score, IMMG value, CR value, lower limb surface EMG value, and compliance of gastrocnemius muscle and tibialis anterior muscle were compared. Results. First of all, we compared the intervention effects. In the study group, 43 cases were markedly effective, 5 cases were effective, 1 case was improved, 1 case was ineffective, and the effective rate was 98.00%. In the control group, 22 cases were markedly effective, 14 cases were effective, 7 cases were improved, 7 cases were ineffective, and the effective rate of 86.00%. The intervention effect of the study group was better compared to the control group (

P
<
0.05

). Secondly, we compared the scores of the GMFM88 scale. The scores of D area and E area and total score of the study group were higher compared to the control group (

P
<
0.05

). The IEMG values of gastrocnemius muscle and tibialis anterior muscle were compared, and the IMMG values of passive and active gastrocnemius muscle and tibialis anterior muscle in the study group were higher compared to the control group (

P
<
0.05

). There exhibited no significant difference in CR value before intervention (

P
>
0.05

). After intervention, the CR values of gastrocnemius muscle and tibialis anterior muscle in the study group were significantly lower compared to the control group (

P
<
0.05

). In terms of the surface EMG of lower limbs, the EMG value of passive activity (gastrocnemius muscle, tibialis anterior muscle) in the study group was higher compared to the control group, and the EMG value of active activity was significantly lower compared to the control group (

P
<
0.05

). Finally, we compared the compliance. In the study group, there were 43 cases of complete compliance, 7 cases of compliance, and 0 cases of noncompliance, with a compliance rate of 100.00%. In the control group, there were 32 cases of complete compliance, 11 cases of compliance, and 7 cases of noncompliance with a compliance rate of 86.00%. The compliance rate of the study group was better compared to the control group (

P
<
0.05

). Conclusion. The intervention of hospital-family rehabilitation model is helpful to improve the self-care ability, cognitive function, and daily activities of children with CP, enhance the walking function and lower limb surface electromyography of children with SCP, and strengthen their qualities of life.
Somatostatin plus Ulinastatin in the Treatment of Severe Acute Pancreatitis and Its Effect on Serum Cytokine Levels
Authors: Yang Li , Zhao Zhibin
Published: June 2022

Objective. To investigate the effect of somatostatin combined with ulinastatin in the treatment of patients with severe acute pancreatitis and its effect on serum cytokine levels. Methods. This study is a retrospective trial. One hundred patients with severe acute pancreatitis in our hospital between March 2020 and May 2021 were recruited and assigned into the control group (ulinastatin alone) and experimental group (somatostatin plus ulinastatin) according to different treatment methods, 50 cases each. The clinical efficacy and serum cytokine levels of the two groups were compared. Results. Somatostatin plus ulinastatin was associated with a higher total effective rate versus ulinastatin alone (

p
<
0.05

). After treatment, the experimental group observed significantly better interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-18 (IL-18), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) when compared with those in the control group (

p
<
0.05

); somatostatin plus ulinastatin resulted in better serum amylase, blood calcium, blood urea nitrogen, blood sugar, and white blood cell count versus ulinastatin alone (

p
<
0.05

). Conclusion. Somatostatin plus ulinastatin is a viable alternative in the treatment of patients with severe acute pancreatitis, with a remarkable efficacy profile. It is worthy of clinical application.
Research on the Influencing Factors of Motion Characteristics and Buffering of Electromagnetic Repulsion Mechanism of High Voltage Circuit Breakers
Authors: Yan Hongkui , Lin Xin , Xu Jianyuan
Published: June 2022

Based on the working principle of high-speed electromagnetic repulsion mechanism, the main factors influencing the motion characteristics of the repulsion mechanism and their variation rules are analyzed and verified through calculation and simulation. Because of its fast moving speed and large kinetic energy of moving parts, it will produce large operating impact and bounce. Buffer performance is of great significance to the safe and reliable operation of high-voltage circuit breakers. Moreover, aiming at the above problems, this article studies the repulsive mechanism and its buffer problem. First, the mathematical model of the electromagnetic repulsive opening mechanism is established, and the electromagnetic repulsive force of the electromagnetic repulsive opening mechanism is deduced. The simplified model of the electromagnetic repulsive mechanism and the finite element simulation mesh are divided, and the discharge circuit model of the energy storage capacitor is designed. Then, the simulation results show that as the repulsion disk spacing, radius, storage, capacitor voltage, turn ratio, and other parameters adjust, the peak value of electromagnetic repulsion force increases, which can reach more than 60 kN, and the displacement of the mechanism can reach 84 mm within 5.5 ms. Finally, the drop weight contrast test is carried out. When the landing height is 300 mm, 500 mm, and 700 mm, respectively, the energy absorption rate of the buffer in the three groups of tests is higher than 85%. Through the speed curve simulation after the installation of buffer, it is verified that the elastic clay buffer is suitable for the buffer mode of fast switch, and a high-speed buffer device based on the elastic clay material is proposed.
Research on Application of Multimedia Information Technology in Modern Social Governance Platform
Authors: Lyu Shun
Published: June 2022

Facing the impact of MIT (Multimedia Information Technology) on modern SG (Social Governance) and its opportunity, we should promote the diversified development of SG by cultivating social democratic consciousness in MIT and promote the transparent development of SG by encouraging citizens’ right to know. Combining the internal logic of MIT innovation SG with the status quo and opportunities of MITSG, this paper actively explores the application of MIT in modern SG platform and realizes the steady progress of SG capability modernization. Oversampling and density are used to determine the initial

K

value and initial center point of

K

-means algorithm, and parallelization improvement is made based on Hadoop platform. Experiments show that the improved

K

-means algorithm has good parallelism.
Effect of Coffee Consumption on Postoperative Ileus after Colorectal Surgery: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Zhu Junjia , Xu Wenlong , Sun Qi , Geng Jun , Yu Yifeng , Zhao Zhenguo
Published: June 2022

Background. Postoperative ileus (POI) is an important complication after elective colorectal surgery, which prolongs hospital stay and increases hospital costs. Coffee has been reported to be beneficial for the recovery of gastrointestinal function. We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of coffee consumption in the treatment of POI, following elective colorectal surgery. Methods. A comprehensive literature search for medical subject heading (MeSH) terms, including coffee, caffeine, colon, rectum, and colorectal surgery was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library until November 2021. A meta-analysis of postoperative outcomes was conducted to assess the effectiveness of coffee consumption on POI after colorectal surgery. Results. 726 articles were identified and six RCTs that captured 416 patients were included. The time to first defecation was reduced with postoperative coffee consumption compared to the control group (

mean
 
difference
=
−
15.03

 h; 95% confidence interval: -17.79, -12.26;

P
<
0.00001

). There was no difference in time to first flatus, time to tolerance for solid food, length of hospital stay, use of laxatives, reinsertion of nasogastric tube, need for reoperation, postoperative complications, and anastomotic leak between the groups. Coffee did not have any adverse effects. Conclusion. The current literature revealed that postoperative coffee consumption shortened the time to first defecation following elective colorectal surgery. Large sample and tightly controlled multicenter randomized clinical trials are needed to offer a more accurate evaluation of the efficacy of coffee.
Imperative Role of Automation and Wireless Technologies in Aquaponics Farming
Authors: Gayam Kiran Kumari , Jain Anuj , Gehlot Anita , Singh Rajesh , Akram Shaik Vaseem , Singh Aman , Anand Divya , Noya Irene Delgado
Published: June 2022

Food and agriculture are significant aspects that can meet the food demand estimated by the Food Agriculture Organization (FAO) by 2050. In addition to this, the United Nations sustainable development goals recommended implementing sustainable practices to meet food demand to achieve sustainability. Currently, aquaponics is one of the sustainable practices that require less land and water and has a low environmental impact. Aquaponics is a closed-loop and soil-less method of farming, where it requires intensive monitoring, control, and management. The advancement of wireless sensors and communication protocols empowered to implementation of an Internet of Things- (IoT-) based system for real-time monitoring, control, and management in aquaponics. This study presents a review of the wireless technology implementation and progress in aquaponics. Based on the review, the study discusses the significant water and environmental parameters of aquaponics. Followed by this, the study presents the implementation of remote, IoT, and ML-based monitoring of aquaponics. Finally, the review presents the recommendations such as edge and fog-based vision nodes, machine learning models for prediction, LoRa-based sensor nodes, and gateway-based architecture that are beneficial for the enhancement of wireless aquaponics and also for real-time prediction in the future.
Mental Health of Caregivers Working in Nursing Homes during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Takahashi Takumi , Ekoyama Saori , Tachikawa Hirokazu , Midorikawa Haruhiko , Shiratori Yuki , Ota Miho , Takahashi Sho , Arai Tetsuaki
Published: June 2022

Introduction: There have been numerous reports of cluster outbreaks of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in hospitals and nursing homes. Healthcare workers fighting COVID-19 experience mental health issues. Caregivers in nursing homes experienced increased psychological distress and concern about deterioration of their mental health. We conducted a large-scale web-based survey exploring mental health among caregivers working in nursing homes during the COVID-19 pandemic with the aim of identifying their support needs. Methods: Survey participants were caregivers working at 284 nursing homes in Ibaraki prefecture, Japan. The survey period was from September 2020 to March 2021. Participants responded to a questionnaire covering gender, age, occupation, infections at facilities, infection protection, changes in nursing home users, cooperation with other medical institutions, and prejudice/discrimination. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to evaluate participants’ depression and anxiety. Results: In total, 676 participants completed the survey; 350 (52.5%) were with anxiety symptoms and 378 (56.7%) were with depressive symptoms (scores exceeding the HADS cut-off points). The risk for anxiety was associated with being care worker or social worker. The risk of anxiety or depression was high when family caregivers’ mental state changed. Discussion/Conclusion: This study found that caregivers working in nursing homes were exposed to high levels of stress during the COVID-19 pandemic and were at high risk for developing depression and anxiety.
Beta-Sitosterol Modulates the Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells via the PPARG/AMPK/mTOR Pathway
Authors: He Shumiao , He Siqing , Chen Yuankun , Jin Xiaobao , Mei Wenjie , Lu Qun
Published: June 2022

Introduction: The increased migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is an essential pathological factor in the early development of atherosclerosis. Beta-sitosterol (BS), a natural phytosterol abundant in plant seeds, exhibits various bioactivities, including cardioprotective effects. However, its effects on VSMC migration and underlying mechanisms remain to be explored. Method and Result: BS inhibited the proliferation and migration of angiotensin II-induced A7r5 cells and reduced intracellular oxidative stress. Targets related to VSMC migration and the targets of BS were screened, cross-referenced, and analyzed by network pharmacology combined with molecular docking technology. The identified targets were verified at the protein and gene levels using Western blotting and quantitative PCR, respectively. BS was observed to activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARG) and adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and negatively regulate mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) expression. Furthermore, a PPARG inhibitor reversed the BS-induced activation of AMPK and mTOR. Conclusion: This study indicated that regulation of the PPARG/AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway could potentially contribute to the inhibitory effects of BS on angiotensin II-induced VSMC migration.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CONCURRENT CHEMORADIATION USING PACLITAXEL IN TWO HISTOPATHOLOGICAL SUBTYPES (SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA/ADENOCARCINOMA) OF UNRESECTABLE NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER
Authors: Nongrum D. L. , Devi Y. S. , Mohanty S. , Singh L. J. , Baidya K. , Chyrmang D. , Rai H. K.
Published: June 2022

Background. Lung cancer is still a global burden and with rising population and increasing life expectancy the incidence of lung cancer is still on the rise.
Objective. To compare the treatment response and toxicity of weekly paclitaxel in locally advanced unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), when administered concurrently with external beam radiation to the chest in two different histopathological types – adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.
Methods. A prospective randomised control trial was conducted in 60 NSCLC patients who were divided into two arms; adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma arm. All patients were treated with chemoradiation with concurrent paclitaxel 60 mg/m2. Data were evaluated with SPSS version 21.0 for windows with p-value <0.05.
Results. Haematological toxicity was the most common side effects evident from the third week of chemotherapy. At the end of 1 month of treatment, two (6.7%) patients had complete response in Arm A and one (3.3%) patient had complete response in Arm B. One (3.3%) patient had disease progression in Arm A and two patients progressed in Arm B. At 7 months post treatment three (10%) patients had complete response in both Arm A and Arm B. Four (13.3%) patients had disease progression in Arm A and ten (33.4%) patients progressed in Arm B.
Conclusions. Paclitaxel can be used as an alternative chemotherapeutic agent to the standard cisplatin. However, further studies with larger sample size are required to confirm the findings.
BONE TISSUE METABOLISM AND CHANGES IN THE ORAL CAVITY IN REDUCED FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITY OF THE THYROID GLAND
Authors: Skochylo О. V. , Boitsanyuk S. I. , Tverdokhlib N. O.
Published: June 2022

Background. Decreased functional activity of the thyroid gland leaves affects many organs and systems as well as bone tissue, pathological changes of which in the oral cavity are most often observed in periodontitis. However, the relationship between thyroid hypofunction and periodontitis or other inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity is still not confirmed.
Objective. The aim of the review was to study the published information and analyse bone metabolism and its relationships between autoimmune thyroiditis and oral diseases.
Methods. The articles in foreign periodicals on endocrinology, pathophysiology, dental surgery and therapy were the scientific sources for research.
Results. Understanding the mechanisms of bone metabolism under the action of thyroid hormones is an important aspect of treatment and diagnostic process, as local treatment of dental pathology without reducing the impact on systemic factors ultimately does not have any positive result. Decreased functional activity of the thyroid gland leads to homeostasis imbalance in the body. The thyroid hormones are important for bone metabolism, publications on periodontitis incidence in cases of autoimmune pathology of the thyroid gland are the most common. However, despite the number of studies, most authors agree that they are currently insufficient to clearly establish a causal relationship between autoimmune thyroid disease and maxillofacial disorders.
Conclusions. The study expands our knowledge, but there is still a need for further detailed studies that would clearly define the mechanisms of development of the disorders of the oral bone tissues and its relationships with autoimmune pathology of the thyroid gland.
Illuminating the Mechanisms Underlying Sex Differences in Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Reue Karen , Wiese Carrie B.
Published: June 2022

Sex is a key risk factor for many types of cardiovascular disease. It is imperative to understand the mechanisms underlying sex differences to devise optimal preventive and therapeutic approaches for all individuals. Both biological sex (determined by sex chromosomes and gonadal hormones) and gender (social and cultural behaviors associated with femininity or masculinity) influence differences between men and women in disease susceptibility and pathology. Here, we focus on the application of experimental mouse models that elucidate the influence of 2 components of biological sex—sex chromosome complement (XX or XY) and gonad type (ovaries or testes). These models have revealed that in addition to well-known effects of gonadal hormones, sex chromosome complement influences cardiovascular risk factors, such as plasma cholesterol levels and adiposity, as well as the development of atherosclerosis and pulmonary hypertension. One mechanism by which sex chromosome dosage influences cardiometabolic traits is through sex-biased expression of X chromosome genes that escape X inactivation. These include chromatin-modifying enzymes that regulate gene expression throughout the genome. The identification of factors that determine sex-biased gene expression and cardiometabolic traits will expand our mechanistic understanding of cardiovascular disease processes and provide insight into sex differences that remain throughout the lifespan as gonadal hormone levels alter with age.
Problemas probatorios de la exceptio doli
Authors: Lazo Patricio
Published: June 2022

The objective of this paper are the proof issues of the exceptio doli in the formular process. The author examines different texts from Roman lawyers regarding not only the proof of the exceptiones, but of the dolus as well, turning back to the problem of onus probandi in the classical process. One of the premises of this work is that the Exceptio doli has a bigger complexity than other exceptiones. These issues found a safer treatment when created the exceptio non numeratae pecuniae. The hypothesis is that this Exceptio should be seen as an alternative to the Exceptio doli every time the defendant has no chance to prove the facts that constitute the plaintiff’s Dolus (a positive fact). And this situation would be related to the fact that the reversal of burden of proof in case of negative facts was sufficiently known in the classic process and therefore the rescript of C. 4,30,3 was unnecessary for that goal.
The Different Relationships between the ENSO Spring Persistence Barrier and Predictability Barrier
Authors: Jin Yishuai , Liu Zhengyu , Duan Wansuo
Published: June 2022

In this paper, we investigate the relationship between the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) spring persistence barrier (PB) and predictability barrier (PD) and apply it to explain the interdecadal modulation of ENSO prediction skill using the anomaly correlation coefficient (ACC). Previous studies showed that a longer persistence (i.e., autocorrelation) tends to produce a higher prediction skill. Using the recharge oscillator model of ENSO, both analytical and numerical solutions suggest that the predictability (i.e., ACC) is related to the persistence of sea surface temperature (SST) and cross correlation between SST and subsurface ocean heat content in the tropical Pacific. In particular, a larger damping rate in SST anomalies will lead to a lower persistence and ACC and a stronger PD. However, a shortened ENSO period, which controls the cross correlation, will lead to a lower persistence but a higher ACC associated with a weaker PD. Finally, we apply our solutions to observations and suggest that a higher ACC associated with a weaker PD after 1960 is caused by the shortened ENSO period.
Evaluation of an Intensive Program for Children With Co-occurring Medical and Emotional Disorders
Authors: Girardet Rebecca G. , Shellman Alison B. , Llorens Ashlie , Nguyen Linh , Ellsworth Misti , Rennie Kimberly , Ha Carolyn
Published: June 2022

The study objective was to assess clinical outcomes and cost avoidance of an intensive day treatment program for children with co-occurring chronic medical disease and emotional problems. Intensive day treatment programs for this population are uncommon, and their effectiveness has not been previously reported. A total of 175 children were enrolled during the 3-year study period. Children had more than 30 medical diagnoses including chronic pain, dysautonomia, neurologic disorders, and diabetes. Complete utilization data were available for 118 patients, and demonstrated decreased hospitalizations and increased behavioral health visits during the 12 months post program compared with 12 months prior. Private insurance and female sex were associated with reduced utilization costs after program participation. Estimated avoided cost for the 118 children was $1 111 485. Patients reported significant improvements in somatic symptoms, sleep problems, inattention, depression, anger, and anxiety. Limited data indicated improvements in school attendance. Additional research addressing other outcomes, such as school-related symptoms, would be helpful.
Systemic Multimorbidity Clusters in People with Periodontitis
Authors: Larvin H. , Kang J. , Aggarwal V.R. , Pavitt S. , Wu J.
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to identify systemic multimorbidity clusters in people with periodontitis via a novel artificial intelligence–based network analysis and to explore the effect of associated factors. This study utilized cross-sectional data of 3,736 participants across 3 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2009 to 2014). Periodontal examination was carried out by trained dentists for participants aged ≥30 y. The extent of periodontitis was represented by the proportion of sites with clinical attachment loss (CAL)≥ 3 mm, split into 4 equal quartiles. A range of systemic diseases reported during the survey were also extracted. Hypergraph network analysis with eigenvector centralities was applied to identify systemic multimorbidity clusters and single-disease influence in the overall population and when stratified by CAL quartile. Individual factors that could affect the systemic multimorbidity clusters were also explored by CAL quartile. In the study population, the top 3 prevalent diseases were hypertension (63.9%), arthritis (47.6%), and obesity (45.9%). A total of 106 unique systemic multimorbidity clusters were identified across the study population. Hypertension was the most centralized disease in the overall population (centrality [C]: 0.50), followed closely by arthritis (C: 0.45) and obesity (C: 0.42). Diabetes had higher centrality in the highest CAL quartile (C: 0.31) than the lowest (C: 0.26). “Hypertension, obesity” was the largest weighted multimorbidity cluster across CAL quartiles. This study has revealed a range of common systemic multimorbidity clusters in people with periodontitis. People with periodontitis are more likely to present with hypertension and obesity together, and diabetes is more influential to multimorbidity clusters in people with severe periodontitis. Factors such as ethnicity, deprivation, and smoking status may also influence the pattern of multimorbidity clusters.
The View of the Three Monotheistic Religions Toward Cadaveric Organ Donation
Authors: Bokek-Cohen Ya'arit , Abu-Rakia Riad , Azuri Pazit , Tarabeih Mahdi
Published: June 2022

Religious concerns regarding the legitimacy of cadaveric organ donation have been found to be major inhibiting factors for people to consent to donate organs post-mortem for transplantation; this constitutes a major cause for the grave shortfall of available organs for transplantation. The purpose of this review is to explore the view of the three monotheistic religions, namely Christianity, Islam, and Judaism, toward cadaveric organ donation. The literature review reveals that all three monotheistic religions support cadaveric organ donation but within certain restrictions. We provide a detailed description of the approach of each religion and the inhibiting considerations as interpreted by religious authorities. Health professionals need to collaborate with faith leaders in order to optimize the education of the public of believers with regard to the benefits stemming from organ donation. Developing transplantation medicine does not depend solely on technical capabilities and expertise; rather, this development should go hand in hand with religious, traditional and cultural beliefs and rituals. Providing a believer with a religious authority about cadaveric organ donation is very effective in helping families and individuals cope with difficult and critical decisions.
Translingual Practices and English as an Additional Language: A Conversation with Professor Suresh Canagarajah
Authors: Zhang Lawrence Jun
Published: June 2022

Suresh Canagarajah is Edwin Erle Sparks Professor and Director of the Migration Studies Project, Departments of Applied Linguistics and English, Pennsylvania State University, USA. Having a BA with a major in English from the University of Kelaniya, Sri Lanka, and a PhD in Applied Linguistics from the University of Texas at Austin, USA, Professor Canagarajah's personal history and lived experiences attest to his outstanding achievements. In his pioneering work, Resisting Linguistic Imperialism in English Teaching (Oxford University Press, 1999) and Translingual Practice: Global Englishes and Cosmopolitan Relations (Routledge, 2013), he has introduced a new way of looking at the use of English within a global context. Such work has exerted a great impact in the field of English language teaching or applied linguistics at large.
Decomposing Ethnic Achievement Gaps across Multiple Levels of Analysis and for Multiple Ethnic Groups
Authors: Gallo Cordoba Beatriz , Leckie George , Browne William J.
Published: June 2022

Ethnic achievement gaps are often explained in terms of student and school factors. The decomposition of these gaps into their within- and between-school components has therefore been applied as a strategy to quantify the overall influence of each set of factors. Three competing approaches have previously been proposed, but each is limited to the study of student-school decompositions of the gap between two ethnic groups (e.g., White and Black). The authors show that these approaches can be reformulated as mediation models facilitating new extensions to allow additional levels in the school system (e.g., classrooms, school districts, geographic areas) and multiple ethnic groups (e.g., White, Black, Hispanic, Asian). The authors illustrate these extensions using administrative data for high school students in Colombia and highlight the increased substantive insights and nuanced policy implications they afford.
Nostalgia for Urban Vices: Cultural Reminiscences of a Demolished Port City Pleasure Neighborhood
Authors: Baptist Vincent
Published: June 2022

Contradictions and conflicts lie at the heart of port cities, with contemporary waterfront redevelopments offering the latest controversial associations to traditional maritime history. Tracing back classic urban renewal and modernization processes in maritime areas, this article develops a case study on a notorious pleasure neighborhood (the Zandstraatbuurt) in Rotterdam, eradicated when the Dutch port city entered a new stage of urban and industrial development in the decades around 1900. The case study is embedded within a conceptual framework on nostalgia and its connections to bygone sailor culture. Significant cultural imaginations of the historical pleasure district are discussed, and notable journalistic accounts help to assess how nostalgic sentiments attempted to shape the legacy of the neighborhood around the time of its dissolution. Finally, general newspaper coverage of the district after its turn-of-the-century life span is analyzed, thereby demonstrating the potential for further research on urban nostalgia in historical contexts.
The Progressive Values Scale: Assessing the Ideological Schism on the Left
Authors: Proulx Travis , Costin Vlad , Magazin Elena , Zarzeczna Natalia , Haddock Geoffrey
Published: June 2022

Progressivism has increasingly challenged traditional liberalism as the dominant influence within left-wing ideology. Across four studies, we developed a measure—the Progressive Values Scale (PVS)—that characterizes distinctly progressive values within the left-wing. In Study 1, left-wing participants evaluated divisive issues, with four scale factors emerging. In Study 2, we confirmed this factor structure and included a battery of personality and values measures to explore individual differences among those who maintain a progressive worldview. In Study 3, we achieved final confirmation of the factor structure and validated the ability of the PVS to assess a distinctly progressive perspective, insofar as progressives generated prototypical faces for Liberals and Conservatives that were markedly distinct from those generated by traditional liberals. In Study 4, we distinguished the PVS from measures of left-wing authoritarianism and demonstrated that it is a better predictor of progressive political preferences and social judgments.
Building Site–Level Capacity for Functional Assessment-Based Interventions: Outcomes of a Professional Learning Series
Authors: Common Eric Alan , Lane Kathleen Lynne , Oakes Wendy Peia , Schellman Liane E. , Shogren Karrie , Germer Kathryn A. , Quell Ashley E. , Lane Nathan Allen
Published: June 2022

In this replication and extension study, we examined the effects of educators’ participation in practice-based professional learning (PBPL) to design, implement, and evaluate functional assessment-based interventions (FABIs). We randomly assigned school-site teams ( k = 69; N = 342) to cohorts trained by either university or state technical assistance providers. In a randomized cluster design, we replicated and extended previous research by examining procedural integrity, participant learning outcomes, completion and quality levels of PBPL-FABI activities, and student outcomes. Results provide (a) additional evidence to support PBPL-FABI in improving school-site teams’ knowledge, confidence, and use and (b) initial evidence for its scalability, as evidenced by state technical assistance providers’ high implementation levels comparable with university trainers. We conclude with a discussion regarding PBPL-FABI and considerations for future research.