bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A CO2 Injection System Inside an Open-Top Chamber Enclosing Mature Field-Grown Grapevines: Design and Performance
Authors: Mollah Mahabubur R. , Unwin Dale J. , Fitzgerald Glenn J. , Edwards Everard J.
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Global mean temperature is likely to rise by more than 2°C by the end of the century and carbon dioxide concentration ([CO2]) is expected to increase from 408 µmol mol-1 in 2018 to 650 µmol mol-1 by 2060-2070. Previous studies and industry experience suggest that there has already been an effect of warmer temperatures on grapevine phenology; harvest dates have advanced and vintages have become shorter over the past 30 years in Australia. In addition, increasing [CO2] in the atmosphere will likely alter grapevine growth, development, and grape quality. Understanding the interactive effects of [CO2] and temperature on grapevines is essential to determine the potential impact of future climate on grape phenology, grape composition, and final wine quality. Open-top chambers (OTC), capable of maintaining air temperature 2°C above ambient throughout the diurnal cycle using an active heating system and fan-assisted air circulation, were established in an experimental vineyard managed to current commercial practice. A system was then developed to elevate atmospheric [CO2] to 650 µmol mol-1 around the grapevines within the OTC. The main engineering goal of the system was to maintain an even temporal and spatial distribution of CO2. Monitoring showed that the mean daytime [CO2] at the center of each OTC varied between 620 and 665 µmol mol-1, maintaining [CO2] at or above 95.4% of the target [CO2] and not exceeding the target by more than 2.3%, meeting the performance criteria of within ±10% of the target concentration. Both the temporal and spatial distributions of [CO2] were more even in heated OTCs than non-heated OTCs. In all heated OTCs, the [CO2] was at or above 90% of the target and within ±10% of the target at all locations assessed (spatial distribution). The mean [CO2] was between 80% and 86% of the target at 40% of locations in OTCs without heating; however, the overall mean [CO2] in the OTCs was 97.5% of the target. The system performed satisfactorily over a wide range of temperatures (20°C to 50°C), with overall standard deviation varying between 85 and 112 µmol mol-1. This indicates that the CO2 injection system showed satisfactory performance in controlling [CO2] at the center of each OTC and providing confidence in the results that will be generated from experiments using the system. On average, the heating system maintained a higher temperature (about 2.0°C in both day and night) than the ambient control plots. Keywords: Australia, CO2 injection in grapevines, Elevated CO2, Grapevines, Open-top chamber, Temperature.
Radiant Flux Preference of Neonatal Broiler Chicks During Brooding
Authors: Linhoss John E. , Purswell Joseph L. , Davis Jeremiah D.
Published: August 2018

Abstract. Radiant heat is the most common method of providing supplemental heat in a broiler house. However, little information exists about chick preference for radiant flux. Identifying the ranges of radiant flux that chicks prefer would allow improved management of the thermal environment. The objectives of this study were to determine the radiant flux ranges preferred by broiler chicks during the first eight days of brooding. Three trials were conducted using straight-run broiler chicks. A total of 88 chicks were randomly allocated into two mixed-gender groups and placed into identical 1 m × 4 m pens for 8 d. Heat lamps were used to create radiant flux zones of 30, 70, 175, and 450 W m-2 in each pen. Chicks were allowed to move freely between the zones, and feed and water were available in each treatment area. Chick location was recorded with a camera at 5 min intervals. For each image, non-linear regression analysis was applied to the cumulative proportion of chicks in each treatment. The resulting equations were used to calculate the range of radiant flux values for which 80% of the chicks exhibited a preference. Chicks exhibited a preference for decreasing radiant flux with age. The mean maximum preferred radiant flux for all trials decreased from 409.4 W m-2 at 1 d to 304.4 W m-2 at 8 d. The mean minimum preferred radiant flux for all trials decreased from 114.5 W m-2 at 1 d to 31.4 W m-2 at 8 d. Keywords: Broiler chicks, Brooding, Radiant flux, Radiant heaters, Thermal preference.
Kabell Mockbell and his coffee empire
Authors: Vincent Alison
Published: August 2018

The story of Kabell Mockbell and the coffee empire that he built demonstrates how the biographies of individuals, and even the limited amount of knowledge gained from secondary sources, can expand an appreciation of the past and challenge popular preconceptions. Mockbell was a self-described ‘Egyptian Turk, of Arab parentage’ living in Sydney throughout the First World War, negotiating the challenges of allegiance to his ancestry and to his new home. He was part of a cosmopolitan community long before post-Second World War migration brought large numbers of Europeans to Australia and government policies encouraged multiculturalism. Despite the popular belief that today’s coffee culture owes its origins to the espresso bars of the 1950s, Mockbell should be acknowledged as a much earlier personage to bring the coffee shop to Sydney.
Internet rumours with Chinese characteristics
Authors: Hearn Kay
Published: August 2018

Internet rumours are a global popular culture phenomenon. For instance, the claims that Barack Obama was not born in America persisted throughout his presidency. Despite the technological means used to control the Internet and the legislation against the spread of rumours there are many false stories on the Internet in China and removing them is a full-time task. Although the quote, ‘When you open the window, some flies may come in’ 打开窗户，苍蝇可能会飞进 (Deng Xiaoping on the Open Door Policy), refers to the opening up of China in 1978, it is still relevant as a response to the consequences of the Internet and the way it is managed. This article investigates the discourses surrounding the regulations about the spreading of rumours and argues that the regulations are used to maintain control over the narrative of events so as to preserve and reaffirm the government’s legitimacy to rule. The legislation is used as a justification to censor information that the government deems sensitive and this has been used as a reason to imprison activists and to shape popular culture. The regulations are also used to prevent widespread public panic or unrest, as was the case in 2011, when there was panic buying of salt thought to give protection from nuclear fallout that was rumoured to be heading to China from Fukushima. The application of the law can at times be arbitrary and planted rumours are used during factional fighting that is played out in the media and online. Xi Jinping has also used the tightening of rumour regulations as a part of factional fighting and in his consolidation of power. The following case studies act as empirical data to further illustrate the ways in which rumour and the legislative attempts to control it are used to shape Chinese cyberspace and online popular culture.
FIVE SPECIES OF MATUTA (CALAPPIDAE, BRACHYURA, DECAPODA) FROM INDONESIA
Authors: Romimohtarto Kasijan
Published: August 2018

Five species of Matuta from Indonesia i.e. lunaris, planipes, banksii, inermis and cuntispina are differentiated and grouped according to several important morphological characters. Each species is briefly described but extensively illustrated including the first and the second male pleopods. The first male pleopod of M. curtispina is quite different from the other four. The use of the structure of the stridulating organs as one of the important characters in classifying the species is emphasized and a new key is established.
BATHYMETRICAL FEATURES OF THE BALI-LOMBOK STRAIT
Authors: Bruun Anton F. , Kiilerich A.
Published: August 2018

The full understanding of the distributio of the surface temperature and salinity requires the knowledge of the heat and water balance at the surface of the ocean as well as of the circulation. For southeast Asian waters the monthly averages of the climatological factors determining the heat and water balance are calculated and presented in the following for 15 regions.
OBSERVATIONS ON THE SPECIES OF DORIPPE FROM THE INDO-MALAYAN REGION
Authors: Serene Raoul , Romimohtarto Kasijan
Published: August 2018

Among the eight Indo-Pacific species of Dorippe, four inhabiting the Indo-Malayan region were represented in the collection of the National Museum of Singapore. In order to extend our review to all the IndoPacific species, this material was complemented by specimens of three other species, two from Japan, one from Australia. Only one species was not available. The conspicuous differences illustrated by the first male pleopods lead to the partition of Dorippe into five different taxa; two new genera and two new sub-genera are added to Dorippe sensu stricto.
A class of exact solutions of equations for plane steady motion of incompressible fluids of variable viscosity in presence of body force
Authors: Ahmed Mushtaq , Ahmed Khan Waseem , M. Shad Ahsen S
Published: August 2018

This paper determines a class of exact solutions for plane steady motion of incompressible fluids of variable viscosity with body force term in the Navier-Stokes equations. The class consists of stream function Â characterized by equation , in polar coordinates , Â where , Â and Â are continuously differentiable functions, derivative of Â is non-zero but double derivative of Â is zero. We find exact solutions, for a suitable component of body force, considering two cases based on velocity profile. The first case fixes both the functions , Â and provides viscosity as function of temperature. Where as the second case fixes the function , leaves Â arbitrary and provides viscosity and temperature for the arbitrary function . In both the cases, we can create infinite set of expressions for streamlines, viscosity function, generalized energy function and temperature distribution in the presence of body force.Â Â
POSISI UNDANG-UNDANG PERS INDONESIA DALAM EKOSISTEM MEDIA DIGITAL
Authors: Nurlatifah Mufti
Published: August 2018

Aturan mengenai pers di Indonesia diatur oleh Undang-undang No.40 tahun 1999 tentang pers. Segala bentuk aktivitas jurnalisme, baik yang menggunakan media cetak, media penyiaran, dan media baru dilindungi dan dijamin oleh Undang-undang Pers. Pada perkembangannya, praktik jurnalistik pada media online tidak sesederhana formulasi pada undang-undang Pers. Ruang lingkup media baru yang menghadirkan sedemikian banyak kebaruan menghadirkan persoalan dilematis karena karakter media yang berbeda. Karakter media yang berbeda membuat aktivitas jurnalistik pada media baru juga mengalami pergeseran dan dinamika yang luar biasa. Hal ini pula yang kemudian menghadirkan persoalan dilematis di wilayah normatif dan etis. Berangkat dari asumsi tersebut, penelitian ini bermaksud ingin melihat bagaimana posisi Undang-undang Pers dalam ekosistem media baru. Penelitian ini berusaha menjawab posisi tersebut dalam dua aras. Pertama, penelitian ini hendak mengelaborasi bagaimana posisi Undang-undang Pers dalam konteks hukum media di Indonesia, baik dalam perspektif lex spesialis maupun perspektif lex generalis. Kedua, posisi Undang-undang Pers dalam penelitian ini dilihat dalam konteks empirik pada berbagai kasus jurnalisme media online di Indonesia. Konteks empirik ini lebih melihat pada bagaimana fakta yang terjadi di wilayah hukum dalam menanggapi berbagai persoalan terkait pers di media online.  Indonesian Law No. 40 in 1999 on Press regulate Indonesia press activity in print media, electronic media, and online media. This law not only regulate press activity in collecting and reporting information but also guarantee freedom of the press in all Indonesian platform media. However, online journalism practice not as simple as the law. New media ecosystem challenge journalism practice, ethics, and regulation to the new level. New media character change journalism in many aspect, such as commentary, accuracy, and media management. These changes brought new perspective to discuss about regulation for online journalism. This research want to answer, how Indonesian Press Law taking position in new media ecosystem. First, we can discuss this position by elaborate Indonesian Press Law in lex specialist or in lec generalis condition. Second, we can compare Indonesian online journalism case which use Indonesian Press Law to justice.
LOYALITAS CUSTOMER DALAM MOBILE COMMERCE ZALORA
Authors: Pramesti Karina Dwi
Published: August 2018

Saat ini smartphone menjadi instrumen yang sangat penting dalam dunia bisnis dan pemasaran. Penggunaan smartphone juga memicu tumbuhnya berbagai mobile commerce (m-commerce) di Indonesia. Hal ini disebabkan karena smartphone dapat menjadi sarana periklanan, promosi, dan transaksi jual beli. Salah satu perusahaan yang memanfaatkan hal ini adalah Zalora. Zalora merupakan salah satu perusahaan m-commerce dalam bidang fashion dengan pengunjung tertinggi di Indonesia. Namun, saat ini belum diketahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara kecenderungan penggunaan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi, kepuasan, serta kepercayaan terhadap loyalitas pelanggan pada Zalora. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survei terhadap mobile buyers dari aplikasi zalora. Data yang dikumpulkan dianalisis dengan teknik analisis Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa, kepuasan dan kepercayaan memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap loyalitas pelanggan E-Commerce Zalora. Kata Kunci: Kepercayaan, Kepuasan, Loyalitas,  Mobile Commerce, Zalora  Smartphones are becoming very important instruments in the business and marketing world today. The use of smartphones also trigger the growth of various mobile commerce (m-commerce) in Indonesia. This is because smartphones can be a means of advertising, promotion, and buying and selling transactions. One company that utilizes this is Zalora. Zalora is one of the m-commerce companies in the field of fashion with the highest visitors in Indonesia. However, it is not currently known whether there is a relationship between trends in use of information and communication technology, satisfaction, and trust in customer loyalty to Zalora. Data collection method used in this research is survey method to mobile buyers from zalora application. The data collected were analyzed by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis technique. The results of this study indicate that, satisfaction and trust have a positive influence on customer loyalty E-Commerce Zalora.
Analysis of Redox Reactions on Pt-Sn based Nano-catalysts for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Applications
Authors: Sandoval-González A. , Gamboa S. A.
Published: August 2018

Low content Pt based catalysts (Pt-Mx, Mx: SnO2, Sn) were prepared by microwave assisted-thermal synthesis. Pt-SnO2/C catalyst showed good performance for methanol oxidation reaction. Besides, Pt1Sn1/C showed good performance for catalyzing the oxygen reduction reaction. The catalysts were characterized structurally by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy techniques. It was possible to observe the presence of nanoparticles obtained by the synthesis method used in this work. The chemical composition of every material was determined by energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis. The electrochemical characterization of the electrocatalytic materials was carried out in acid medium by cyclic voltammetry and rotating disk electrode techniques. Pt-SnO2/C and Pt1Sn1/C were compared with commercial PtRu/C and Pt/C catalysts respectively. Pt-SnO2/C showed better electrochemical characteristics than commercial PtRu/C for performing the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR). Pt1Sn1/C showed an exchange current density two orders of magnitude higher than commercial Pt/C for performing the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The materials were evaluated in an experimental direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) operating during 10 hours. The electric power density loss showed by the DMFC made with commercial catalysts (PtRu/C and Pt/C) was 67% while the DMFC made with Pt-SnO2/C and Pt1Sn1/C showed an electric power loss ca. 16%. It means that the catalysts synthesized in this work can be considered as good candidates for experimental direct methanol fuel cells.
Thermally Deposited Sb2S3: Bi Thin Films for Solar Cell Absorber
Authors: Priya Durai Chella , Thanabalan Daniel , Henry Johnson , Mohanraj Kannusamy , Sivakumar Ganesan , Thanikaikarasan Sethuramachandran , Sebastian Pathiyamattom Joseph
Published: August 2018

In recent years there has been growing interest in the materials suitable for real time storage application. Sb2S3 is a prospective material in this regard due to good photoconductivity. In this contest, thin films of Sb2S3 and Bi3+ doped Sb2S3 were deposited onto the transparent glass substrate by thermal evaporation method. The structural, optical and electrical properties were investigated by XRD, UV-Visible, Photoluminescence, and Impedance spectroscopic techniques. The XRD patterns confirm the orthorhombic crystal structured Sb2S3 and the inclusion of Bi3+ ions in the crystal system. UV-Visible analysis exhibited wide optical absorption in the visible region for both Sb2S3 and Bi3+ doped films and their band gap energy was found to be 1.60 eV and 1.55 eV respectively. The photoluminescence spectra showed a strong emission at 361nm. The value of capacitance, dielectric constant and real part of impedance decreases with increasing frequency for both the samples.
The New Approach to Enhance the Activity of Fe/N/C Catalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction by Electrochemical Treatment
Authors: Nadirov Rashid K. , Sabirov Yerlan
Published: August 2018

Non-precious Fe/N/C catalysts have attracted increased attention due to their activity in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). To promote the activity of this type of catalysts, we applied the electrochemical treatment of the Fe/N/C sample synthesized by using the known technique. We demonstrated that two-stage anodic-cathodic treatment of the Fe/N/C sample under the certain condition leads to increase the electrocatalytic activity toward the ORR of the starting catalyst. The results may open the opportunities in finding new ways of increasing the activity of Fe/N/C catalysts by using the electrochemical treatment.
The Research Progress Of Zinc Bromine Flow Battery
Authors: Lin Hang , Jiang Tianyao , Sun Qingyang , Zhao Guangzhen , SHI Jun-you
Published: August 2018

Zinc bromine redox flow battery (ZBFB) has been paid attention since it has been considered as an important part of new energy storage technology. This paper introduces the working principle and main components of zinc bromine flow battery, makes analysis on their technical features and the development process of zinc bromine battery was reviewed, and emphasizes on the three main components of zinc bromine battery, and summarizes the materials and applications of electrolyte, membrane and electrode. At the same time, the solution to the technical problems of zinc bromine flow battery is also briefly analyzed. Finally, the future development of zinc bromine battery system is prospected.
Optimal Performance Evaluation of Energy Efficient Residential Air Conditioning System with Nanofluid-based Intercooler using Taguchi-based Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Navaneethakrishnan Balaji , Nithyanandan N. , Adalarasan R. , Santhanakumar M. , Kumar P. Suresh Mohan
Published: August 2018

Air conditioning is viewed as a major energy consuming area in domestic and industrial applications. However energy conservation is effectively possible in air conditioners by employing an intercooler with nanofluids, which can consequently reduce the compressor load. This paper presents an investigative report on the performance of proposed energy efficient air conditioning system. A binary mixture of ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) and water is used as the base fluid in the shell and coil type heat exchanger (SCHE). The volume concentration of C2H6O2 in base fluid, type of suspended nano particles (Al2O3 and MgO), flow rate of nanofluid at shell side of intercooler and the volume fraction of nano particles are chosen for experimentation designed using Taguchi L18 orthogonal array. The coefficient of performance (COP) of the nanofluid-based domestic air conditioner is estimated as the performance index (response). Quadratic model and response surface plots are generated to observe the effects of inputs on the COP. The nano particles of MgO (0.75%v/v), suspended in a binary mixture with 28.65% C2H6O2 is found to improve the system performance (COP) at a nanofluid flow rate of 2.42 LPM.
Heavy Metals in Philippine Rice (Oryza Sativa) using Nafion- [Ru(bpy)3]2+-Gold Nanoparticles Modified Glassy Carbon Electrodes
Authors: Palisoc S. , Canquin C. , Natividad M.
Published: August 2018

Nafion-Ru(bpy)32+-Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) modified glassy carbon electrodes were fabricated and were used in detecting heavy metals in Philippine rice samples by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). The said electrodes were fabricated via the drop coating technique. The concentrations of the modifiers, Ru(bpy)32+ and AuNPs, were varied to determine the best electrode for detecting lead, cadmium, and copper. Based on DPV results, the electrode with 5 mg Ru(bpy)32+ and 3 mg AuNPs was chosen as the best electrode. The calibration curves of the best electrode showed strong correlation values of 0.9984 for lead, 0.9905 for cadmium, and 0.9933 for copper. The limit of detection for lead, cadmium, and copper were 10 mg/L, 10 mg/L, and 200 mg/L, respectively. Atomic absorption spectrometry was used as a cross reference to verify the results from DPV. The lead and cadmium content of all the rice samples exceeded the World Health Organizaton (WHO) limit that the body can take. Some samples contained copper above the WHO limit.
Hubungan antara Pola Menyusui Ibu dengan Gangguan ADHD pada Anak
Authors: Hadiati Titis
Published: August 2018

Pendahuluan : Menyusui dikaitkan dengan risiko yang lebih rendah untuk masalah perilaku anak di masa kecil. Ada beberapa penelitian yang menyatakan bahwa attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) bisa dicegah dengan pemberian ASI (Air Susu Ibu). Dalam pemberian ASI ini ada beberapa pola menyusui yaitu menyusui eksklusif, menyusui predominan, dan menyusui parsial (WHO).Tujuan : Mengetahui hubungan antara pola menyusui Ibu dengan attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) pada anak.Metode : Penelitian analitik, dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel ibu-ibu dari anak-anak di TK Hidayatullah Semarang yang berumur 4 – 6 tahun dan alamat lengkap. Besar sampel sebanyak 71. Alat yang digunakan adalah catatan administrasi murid TK Hidayatullah Semarang selama periode 1 November 2016 - 25 April 2017, Blangko SPPAHI (Skala Penilaian Perilaku Anak Hiperaktif) dan Kuisioner Pola Menyusui Ibu. Uji statistik ini menggunakan sistem komputerisasi SPSS dengan Chi Square Tests dimana taraf signifikansi (α) yang digunakan adalah 5% (0,05).Hasil : Terdapat 71 data yang diproses, sehingga tingkat kevalidannya 100% (Tabel 1), yang mengalami ADHD sekitar 11 anak (15,5%) dan yang tidak mengalami ADHD sekitar 60 anak (84,5%) (Tabel 2). Hasil uji statistik dengan Chi Square Test pada SPSS versi 20 diperoleh hasil nilai p = 0,444 (Tabel 3). Karena nilai p lebih besar dari 0,05, sehingga dapat diartikan bahwa antara pola menyusui ibu dengan ADHD pada anak tidak terjadi hubungan yang signifikan atau bermakna dan besarnya nilai koefisien kontingensi (r) adalah 0,149 (Tabel 4) maka kekuatan korelasi tergolong sangat lemah.Kesimpulan : ADHD hanya terjadi pada 15,5% anak yang pernah mendapatkan ASI dengan berbagai macam pola menyusui ibu. Tidak ada hubungan antara pola menyusui Ibu dengan ADHD.Kata Kunci : menyusui, ADHD, ASI, Pola Menyusui, penelitian analitik, cross-sectional, Ibu, Anak
O stylistycznym zróżnicowaniu dawnej leksyki – na przykładzie oficjalnych i potocznych nazw dziecka nieślubnego
Authors: Woźniak Ewa
Published: August 2018

The author attempts to determine stylistically three old terms for extramarital child: wyleganiec, pokrzywnik and bękart. These words have been up to now classified as colloquial and expressive, with negative undertone. They appear separately in the Old Polish and 16th century texts and are of different character. An abusive term pokrzywnik is recorded only in relation to defamation cases. Official terms wyleganiec and bękart are present in old legal texts, biblical translations and dictionaries. This regularity shows the beginning of stylistic differentiation in the Old Polish lexicon, however the author is aware that the difference between colloquial and formal terms in the past was not necessarily so sharp as it is today and we cannot attribute present meaning to the past lexicon.
Gwary Lubelszczyzny w ujęciu Władysława Kuraszkiewicza
Authors: Pelcowa Halina
Published: August 2018

The article is concerned with the state of the Lublin region dialects from the first half of the 20th century and their description made by Władysław Kuraszkiewicz in the monograph Dialectology. The overview of the dialects of the Lublin region from 1932. Kuraszkiewicz’s account has been confronted with later research and today’s state of dialectal diversification of the Lublin region. The multifaceted character of the linguistic analyses included in the monograph has been pointed out as well as the fact that they perform an important function in current dialectal research. They are still a source of inspiration and discovery of the ethnically, culturally and ethnographically complex linguistic diversification of the Lublin region.
Continuous Dependence on Data for Solutions of Fractional Extended Fisher–Kolmogorov Equation
Authors: Chen Pengyu , Xin Zhen , An Jiahui
Published: August 2018

This paper is concerned with the continuous dependence of mild solutions on initial values and orders for a general class of initial boundary-value problem to fractional extended Fisher–Kolmogorov equation. The results obtained in this paper can be considered as a contribution to this emerging field.
Electrochemical corrosion behaviour of HVOF sprayed iron-based amorphous metallic coatings on AISI 316 stainless steel in an NaCl solution
Authors: Vignesh S. , Shanmugam K. , Balasubramanian V. , Sridhar K. , Thirumalaikumarasamy D.
Published: August 2018

New thermally sprayed amorphous metallic coatings have been developed recently that may provide a viable coating option for fluid handling equipment such as propellers, impellers and pumps. They possess the inherent risk of flow-dependent erosion-corrosion problems. In this investigation, iron based (Fe) amorphous coatings were deposited on AISI 316 stainless steel substrate by the high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spraying process, and the coating microstructure was characterised using an optical microscope and scanning electron microscopy. The Fe-based amorphous coating consisted of an amorphous phase, an absence of dislocations, a nanocrystalline phase, less porosity and high hardness. The corrosion behaviour of the substrate and Fe-based amorphous coatings were evaluated by means of electrochemical tests in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. Three kinds of electrochemical tests were employed to identify the corrosion resistance of the coating and substrate. The results showed that the Fe30Cr25Mn5Mo20W10B5C3Si2 amorphous metallic coating had a superior corrosion resistance than 316 stainless steel. It was attributed to the amorphous structure and the presence of the corrosion resistant element chromium (Cr).
Experimental, Characterization and Optimization of the Pumping Power of an EDFA by a QPDSF Configuration
Authors: Bouchoucha Lydia , Sellami Mohammed , Berrah Smail
Published: August 2018

In this article, an experimental system based on the Quadruple Pass Double Stage with a tunable pass filter configuration, is used to amplify the output signal of the Erbium-doped fiber amplification and eliminate the noise due to the amplified spontaneous emission backwards.

The pumping power of the second stage is set at 220 mW, and the input power at −50 dBm, a maximum gain of 68 dB at a minimum noise threshold is achieved.
Transitivity of the εm
-relation on (m-idempotent) hyperrings
Authors: Norouzi Morteza , Cristea Irina
Published: August 2018

On a general hyperring, there is a fundamental relation, denoted γ
*, such that the quotient set is a classical ring. In a previous paper, the authors defined the relation εm
on general hyperrings, proving that its transitive closure

ε

m

∗

$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
\varepsilon^{*}_{m}
\end{array}$

is a strongly regular equivalence relation smaller than the γ
*-relation on some classes of hyperrings, such that the associated quotient structure modulo

ε

m

∗

$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
\varepsilon^{*}_{m}
\end{array}$

is an ordinary ring. Thus, on such hyperrings,

ε

m

∗

$\begin{array}{}
\displaystyle
\varepsilon^{*}_{m}
\end{array}$

is a fundamental relation. In this paper, we discuss the transitivity conditions of the εm
-relation on hyperrings and m-idempotent hyperrings.
Te lo tengo dicho muchas veces. Resultatives between coercion, relevance and reanalysis
Authors: Detges Ulrich
Published: August 2018

This paper deals with the question of how and why resultative constructions change into anteriors. This discussion will be based on synchronic data concerning tener + past participle, a resultative construction used in modern Spanish. One of the latter's most frequent is te lo tengo dicho 'I have (already) told you'. This is remarkable since decir 'to tell' is a non-transitional verb; te lo tengo dicho thus violates the requirement that resultatives should only combine with transitional verbs. In the literature, such mismatches between the semantics of a given construction and the meaning of its lexical filler have been claimed to normally trigger coercion, i.e. an inferential repair mechanism giving rise to special meaning effects. Thus, coercion - despite being conceived as a purely synchronic mechanism - is a prime candidate for an explanation of the change from resultative to anterior. In line with this hypothesis, occurrences of te lo tengo dicho are attested in my corpus where the latter is specified by quantifying adverbials such as muchas veces 'many times'. However, speaker judgements indiacte that even te lo tengo dicho muchas veces is not an iterative anterior construction, but still a resultative. Based on synchronic data taken from the CREA-corpus, it will be shown that in the vast majority of its occurrences, te lo tengo dicho is part of an dialogal discourse pattern where certain argumentative effects based on its resultative meaning are highly relevant. Crucially, therefore, in such "strong" uses a coercive shift towards an anterior meaning is excluded. On a more abstract level, it will be shown that coercion is controlled by pragmatic factors; in the case of te lo tengo dicho muchas veces, conceptual/semantic plausibility is systematically overridden by pragmatic relevance.
Toward an understanding of apparent suppletion in Romance pronominal possessives
Authors: Kayne Richard S.
Published: August 2018

The Italian pair*il luo librovs.il suo libro(‘the his/her book’) that is typical of Romance lends itself to an account of the first in terms of constraints also seen in the syntax of compounding, and to an account of the second that links itss-, despite initial appearances, to what we think of as Romance reflexives-. We might informally call this pair an instance of suppletion, as long as we recognize that calling it suppletion falls short of an account.
Fricative–affricate alternations in Catalan
Authors: Bonet Eulàlia , Lloret Maria-Rosa
Published: August 2018

Catalan has a [ʒ] ~ [t͡ʃ] alternation that has traditionally been viewed as the consequence of final affrication of an underlying /ʒ/, a fortition operation, followed by general devoicing of obstruents. This interpretation has been held in classical generative rule-based approaches and also in autosegmental models, amounting either to a highly specific process or, when an attempt is made to generalize it, to wrong predictions; these shortcomings are also applicable to optimality-theoretic analyses. Following ideas in (Wheeler, Max W. 2005.The phonology of Catalan. Oxford: Oxford University Press), we propose that underlying affricates are subject to intervocalic lenition triggered by independently motivated general constraints. Sequences of a stop followed by a fricative can become affricates but cannot be affected by lenition. The interaction between affricates and gemination is also discussed.
Nominal ellipsis and prepositional modifiers in Portuguese: a phase-theoretic approach
Authors: Raposo Eduardo P.
Published: August 2018

Definite determiners in Portuguese are (pro)clitics. As such, they must attach to a full prosodic word at PF. This is achieved by an operation which “fuses” the determiner to the following lexical item. In anaphoric DPs with an elliptical noun modified by a prepositional phrase, fusion to a full preposition (P*) is not possible. This is accounted for by claiming that P*Ps are phases that are sent to Spell-Out as soon as they are formed (“early Spell-Out”); thus, they will not be accessible to fusion with the definite article at the phonological cycle of the higher phase and the derivation crashes because the definite article is not included in a prosodic word. PPs with the dummy prepositionde‘of’ can modify elliptical nouns since dummydeis arguably a morphological reflex of inherent Case assigned by the (elliptical) noun; thus, it does not constitute a phase together with its NP complement. The analysis is then extended to cases where the modifier of the elliptical noun is a clause.
Size and shape-controlled synthesis of Ru nanocrystals
Authors: Xu Linlin , Yang Jun
Published: August 2018

Mastery over the size/shape of nanocrystals (NCs) enables control of their properties and enhancement of their usefulness for a given application. Within the past decades, the development of wet-chemistry methods leads to the blossom of research in noble metal nanomaterials with tunable sizes and shapes. We herein would prefer to devote this chapter to introduce the solution-based methods for size and shape-controlled synthesis of ruthenium (Ru) NCs, which can be summarized into five categories: (i) Synthesis of spherical Ru NCs; (ii) synthesis of one-dimensional (1D) Ru NCs, e.g. wires and rods; (iii) synthesis of two-dimensional (2D) Ru NCs, e.g. nanoplates; (iv) synthesis of Ru NCs with hollow interiors and (v) synthesis of Ru NCs with other morphologies, e.g. chains, dendrites and branches. We aim at highlighting the synthetic approaches and growth mechanisms of these types of Ru NCs. We also introduce the detailed characterization tools for analysis of Ru NCs with different sizes/shapes. With respect to the creation of great opportunities and tremendous challenges due to the accumulation in noble metal nanomaterials, we briefly make some perspectives for the future development of Ru NCs so as to provide the readers a systematic and coherent picture of this promising field. We hope this reviewing effort can provide for technical bases for effectively designing and producing Ru NCs with enhanced physical/chemical properties.

Graphical Abstract:

The solution-based methods for size and shape-controlled synthesis of ruthenium nanocrystals as well as the mechanisms behind them are extensively reviewed.
Measurement uncertainty of coulometric trace humidity sensors
Authors: Tiebe Carlo , Detjens Marc , Banach Ulrich , Hübert Thomas
Published: August 2018

Especially trace amounts of water vapour in gases can be reliably determined by coulometric trace humidity sensors. The principle of these sensors is based on water vapour absorption in a hygroscopic layer and its subsequent electrolytic decomposition. The calibration of sensors was performed in the humidity range, expressed as frost point temperature, from

−
30

°
C

-30\hspace{0.1667em}^\circ \mathrm{C}

to

−
80

°
C

-80\hspace{0.1667em}^\circ \mathrm{C}

. This range is equivalent to volume fractions smaller than 376 µL·L−1. Generated humidity was measured with coulometric sensors and a chilled dew point hygrometer that was used as reference. An empirical non-linear function was found between sensor signal and measured reference humidity. This function consists of two parameters with a measurement uncertainty. Both calibration parameters were checked by means of one-way analysis of variance. It showed that gas specific function can be used for humidity measurement in nitrogen, hydrogen, dinitrogen monoxide, compressed and synthetic air. It is possible to determine trace humidity in all tested gases with an expanded uncertainty less than 2.1 K (coverage factor

k
=
2

k=2

) regarding frost point temperature.
Treatment of Pharmaceutical Process Wastewater with Hybrid Separation Method: Distillation and Hydrophilic Pervaporation
Authors: Toth Andras Jozsef , Haaz Eniko , Nagy Tibor , Tarjani Ariella Janka , Fozer Daniel , Andre Anita , Valentinyi Nora , Solti Szabolcs , Mizsey Peter
Published: August 2018

The work is motivated by an industrial problem, which is alcohol removal from pharmaceutical process wastewater. The aim of the study was to develop a complete hybrid operation is investigated. Ethanol dehydration, in combination with distillation and hydrophilic pervaporation, is used to investigate about the extent of separation of the ethanol-water mixture. The aim of this research is to rigorously model and optimize this hybrid operation in professional flowsheet simulator environment. The number of minimal theoretical plates of distillation column and minimal effective membrane transfer area are determined. Cost estimation is also examined according to Douglas methodology. Considering our results it can be concluded that, the distillation and hydrophilic pervaporation processes are suitable for separation ethanol and water in 99.5 weight percent purity
Conformational trimorphism of bis(2,6-dimesitylphenyl)ditelluride
Authors: Grabowsky Simon , Mallow Ole , Pal Rumpa , Pergandé Yves , Lork Enno , Näther Christian , Beckmann Jens
Published: August 2018

Besides the previously known α-form (monoclinic,P21/c, Z=4) of bis(2,6-dimesitylphenyl)ditelluride, two new polymorphic modifications, namely the β-form (monoclinic,P21/c, Z=8) and the γ-form (triclinic,P1̅, Z=2), were obtained serendipitously during chemical reactions. In all three modifications, the individual molecules possess significantly different conformations and bond parameters, such as Te–Te bond lengths, C–Te–Te bond angles, C–Te–Te–C torsion angles and intramolecular Menshutkin interactions, which is also reflected in their non-covalent interactions with adjacent molecules in the crystal lattice via London dispersion and electrostatic forces. The interplay between intermolecular and intramolecular forces in these conformational polymorphs was investigated using quantum chemical calculations, which reveal that the β-form should be thermodynamically stable at absolute zero. In contrast, crystallization experiments and thermoanalytical investigations indicate that the α-form is stable at high temperatures and therefore, both forms might be related by enantiotropism.
“Sent from the Confines of Hell”
Authors: Fox Yaniv
Published: August 2018

The Bonosiacs were the followers of Bonosus, a fourth-century bishop from Naissus, whom the Synod of Capua had branded a heretic in 391 or 392. They make an unexpected appearance in sources from the Burgundian, Visigothic, and Merovingian kingdoms (ca. 500 – 636). This article claims that, as a distinct community, the Bonosiacs were never a part of the religious landscape of the sixth- and seventh-century West. Rather, the term “Bonosiacs” was used in the letters of Avitus of Vienne (494/6 – 518), in conciliar legislation, and in penitential and hagiographical compositions as a means of expressing the needs of the ecclesiastical elite, primarily to exclude those who would challenge institutional power. The image that arises from these sources of Bonosiacs, and of heretics more generally, is often helpfully contextualized by examining the political background. In a body of work that reflects a century of theological thought, heresiology was ultimately circumscribed by power dynamics, in which the boundaries of orthodoxy were negotiated with an eye toward the material.
An Ascetic State? Fashioning Christian Political Service Across the Early Sixth-Century Mediterranean
Authors: Whelan Robin
Published: August 2018

This article considers an issue surprisingly marginal both to cultural histories of late antique Christianity and political histories of the later Roman Empire: the Christian identities of imperial officials. It draws on three early sixth-century texts which tackled this problem head-on: the Selected Letters of Severus of Antioch, the Variae of Cassiodorus, and the Letter to Reginus of Ferrandus of Carthage. These letters to, by, and about, political servants split the difference between contemporary advice letters for aristocrats who had “renounced the world,” and the classicizing treatises on administrative ethics which have attracted so much attention from scholars of the age of Justinian. Severus, Cassiodorus, and Ferrandus set up the possibilities of a committed Christian lifestyle within the state in differing, but complementary, ways, rooted in the attainment of an idealized inner state. The authors use biblical exempla, concepts of ascetic progress, and ecclesiological ideas to frame the duties of an administrator. All in all, these letters show how, for at least some Christian writers and officials, ascetic discourse had reshaped the character of service to states across the sixth-century Mediterranean.
Floating Sargassum in Serranilla Bank, Caribbean Colombia, may jeopardize the race to the ocean of baby sea turtles
Authors: Gavio Brigritte , Santos-Martinez Adriana
Published: August 2018

Se reporta por primera vez una gran cantidad de Sargassum flotante en Cayo Serranilla, en el Caribe central. La isla es un sitio importante para anidamiento de tortugas marinas, y al momento de la llegada del Sargassum, los nidos estaban eclosionando. Debido al espeso tapete de algas en la playa, las tortuguas puede tener problemas en llegar al mar.
Therapeutic Potential of CXCR4/SDF-1 Axis in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Toosi Shirin Hamedakbari , Behravan Javad , Heirani-Tabasi Asieh
Published: August 2018

Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) is one of the mortal diseases which relate to heart and has many impacts on patients’ life. Stem cell therapy, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), has emerged a promise treatment for patients with this disease. However, the inefficient migration and homing of MSCs have limited their therapeutic applications. It has been demonstrated that CXCR4/SDF-1 axis has a crucial role in cell migration and stem cell homing. So, many studies have conducted and currently are operating by novel methods to improve homing of MSCs by up-regulating the expression of CXCR4/SDF-1 axis to discover a proper cell therapy for AMI. CXCR4/SDF-1 axis triggers a variety of biological responses, such as directing cell migration, organogenesis, hematopoiesis, vascularization, and immune responses. Therefore, this axis might be a good candidate for manipulation with therapeutic purposes.
Relationship between Expression of EMT Transcription Factor of ZEB1 and CXCR4 Chemokine Receptor
Authors: Ahmadiankia Naghmeh
Published: August 2018

Metastasis is one the most leading cause of death from cancer and the chemokine receptor of CXCR4 has a critical role in cancer metastasis. Moreover, metastasis is always correlated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In this study, the correlation between expression of EMT-TF of ZEB1 and CXCR4 has been examined. The results revealed that in ZEB1 knocked out cells, the expression of CXCR4 decreased significantly. This indicated that ZEB1 might be one of the regulators of CXCR4 expression.
Critical Issues in Successful Production of Skin Substitutes for Wound Healing
Authors: Naderi-Meshkin Hojjat , Amirkhah Raheleh , Heirani-Tabasi Asieh , Irfan-maqsood Muhammad
Published: August 2018

Novel findings on fabrication techniques for bioactive materials, discovering further basic knowledge about wound healing process, and availability of stem cells as alternative candidate for differentiated cells have highly encouraged scientists for developing new bioengineered skin substitutes (BSS) that offer an effective remedy for a specific wound type. However, technical, clinical, legislative and economic reasons hamper wide-spread commercialization and clinical translation of BSS. Among the various types of strategies that target skin repair and regeneration, tissue engineering with stem cells is most promising route. Tissue engineering by cooperation of several disciplines forms a context on which the commercial development of BSS is possible to provide benefits for patients who currently have limited or no cure options. The principles of tissue engineering are to initiate cell cultures in vitro, grow them in monolayer or on porous scaffolds and transplant the composite into a patient with a specific wound indication in vivo. The potential for creating of custom-designed biomaterials and availability of stem cells from either autologous or allogenic sources have helped to produce novel innovative BSS. Currently, wide range of skin substitutes are already being fabricated for clinical use in different wound indications but not yet definitively established. Therefore, many novel engineered constructs might be fabricated in the future. In this review, we describe the progress that has been made to date in the field of skin substitutes and the critical issues that are still hindering successful production and bench to bedside translation of BSS and restricting the availability of these innovative therapeutic constructs. Integrity of the science and technology, interdisciplinary expertise collaborations, and early interaction with regulatory entities such as Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA), together with other critical determinants, is vital to the successful commercialization of tissue engineering products into the marketplace/clinic.
The process of map calibration and its impact on the quality and accuracy of cartographic materials
Authors: Klapa Przemysław
Published: August 2018

The calibration process is a procedure that enables adjusting the scanned portion of the map to
the current frame of reference, and equipping it with cartometric properties. As a result of the
said process, the raster image becomes cartographic material that can be applied, among others,
to the context of geodetic work. There are numerous methods of image transformation and ways
of selecting the control points, according to which this process can be carried out.
In the paper, the authors present the literature review featuring various problems related to the
map calibration process, as well as the methods of transformation, and the ways of selecting the
control points. The work was carried out in reference to the example of scanned fragments of
cadastral maps, which were then subjected to calibration processes using crosses of map grati-
cule lines and based on situational details. The calibration process was carried out several times
using a different number of adaptation points while changing their location and the manner of
selection.