bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI PENJUALAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE WATERFALL (STUDI KASUS PT. RIAU POS INTERMEDIA)
Authors: Rizka Hafsari  , Edo Arribe  , Andria Muhammad Luthfillah , Miransya Virgiandika
Published: March 2024

Sistem informasi telah muncul sebagai komponen penting dari manajemen dan pengolaan organisasi di era digital yang berkembang pesat. PT. Riau Pos Intermedia merupakan sebuah perusahaan koran terkemuka di provinsi Riau. Dalam upaya untuk menghadapi tantangan dari perubahan tren konsumen, peningkatan persaingan, serta pergeseran konsumsi media ke platform digital, Riau Pos ingin memperbaiki sistem penjualan koran kertas mereka melalui pemanfaatan sistem informasi yang canggih. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis akan membahas perancangan sistem informasi penjualan koran. Observasi langsung dan wawancara dengan pihak Riau Pos digunakan untuk pengumpulan data, dan metode waterfall digunakan untuk pengembangan sistem. tahapan dalam metode ini adalah requirement, design, implementation. UML diagram, seperti use case diagram, activity diagram, sequence diagram, class diagram. digunakan dalam desain pemodelan sistem. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan pada PT. Riau Pos Intermedia, penulis mengambil kesimpulan yaitu Proses pembelian koran kertas pada Riau Pos masih menggunakan cara manual yaitu dengan cara menelepon pihak Riau pos atau pun pihak biro Riau pos. Dikarenakan masih menggunakan metode yang manual Maka dirancang sebuah sistem informasi untuk melakukan pembelian koran kertas secara online. dengan perancangan sistem informasi ini ditujukan untuk menyelesaikan masalah yang di hadapi oleh perusahaan dan dapat membantu penjualan menjadi lebih efektif dan lebih bersaing dengan perusahaan lainnya.
PENERAPAN METODE SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE (SVM) PADA KLASIFIKASI JENIS CENGKEH BERDASARKAN FITUR TEKSTUR DAUN
Authors: Talib Sadri , Sudin Sakina , Dzikrullah Suratin Muhammad
Published: March 2024

Daun merupakan komponen tumbuhan yang sangat penting karena berperan penting dalam membedakan jenis tumbuhan, termasuk tumbuhan cengkeh. Saat ini identifikasi jenis tanaman cengkeh yaitu Afo, Siputih, dan Zanzibar mengandalkan pengamatan secara manual terhadap ciri-ciri buah dan bunga yang dapat memakan waktu lama, terutama mengingat masa berbuah tanaman cengkeh yang panjang. Untuk menjawab permasalahan tersebut, penulis melakukan penelitian untuk mengklasifikasikan ketiga jenis daun cengkeh berdasarkan ciri ciri dan tekstur Gray Level Co-Occurrence Matrix (GLCM) yang meliputi empat parameter yaitu Kontras, Korelasi, Energi, dan Homogenitas. Algoritma klasifikasi Support Vector Machine (SVM) digunakan untuk memproses nilai fitur yang diekstraksi dan mengklasifikasikan daun secara akurat. Penelitian ini mencapai akurasi tertinggi sebesar 56,67% pada ukuran citra 250x250 piksel dan 48,33% pada ukuran citra 150x150 piksel dengan menggunakan 150 data latih dan 60 data uji. Hasil tersebut menunjukkan potensi klasifikasi daun otomatis dalam mengidentifikasi spesies tanaman cengkeh secara efisien.
PREDIKSI HARGA BERAS MENGGUNAKAN METODE RECURRENT NEURAL NETWORK DAN LONG SHORT-TERM MEMORY
Authors: Santoso Aji , Irma Purnamasari Ade , Irfan Ali
Published: March 2024

Beras merupakan makanan pokok utama di Indonesia, beras adalah salah satu faktor penting dalam perdagangan dan perindustrian bahan pangan. Selain itu, Indonesia adalah salah satu negara penghasil beras terbesar di dunia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat pemodelan pengolahan data untuk prediksi yang mendekati data aktual. Metode Data Mining yang menyajikan pendekatan yang dapat digunakan oleh faktor-faktor seperti produksi, pasokan beras, dan permintaan. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah harga rata-rata beras dari penggilingan dari Badan Pusat Statistik. Data ini mencakup informasi tentang harga beras   2013 - 2023 yang disajikan setiap bulan. Langkah pertama dalam penelitian ini adalah melakukan pra-pemrosesan data dengan menggunakan metode KDD dalam menyesuaikan dataset yang sudah di peroleh untuk mempermudah proses forecasting. Setelah itu, langkah selanjutnya adalah menerapkan metode Data Mining yaitu Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) dan Long Short-Term Memory, hasil penelitian ini di peroleh untuk model RNN dengan RMSE terkecil yaitu 0.73 pada kategori harga beras medium dan untuk model LSTM dengan nilai MAE terkecil yaitu 2.31 pada kategori harga beras luar kualitas. Perbedaan dengan penelitian terhaulu adalah dengan menambahkan metode RNN pada konteks peramalan harga beras sehingga dapat menambah variasi atau melengkapi dalam konteks peramalan harga beras.
PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI DISPOSISI SURAT MASUK BERBASIS WEB PADA KANTOR BADAN PENDAPATAN DAERAH KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Salsabila Yusra  , Sri Ratna Dewi  , Trisatin Panggabean  , Aidil Halim Lubis
Published: March 2024

Teknologi informasi sangat diperlukan untuk menunjang proses kerja dan pelayanan masyarakat. Salah satu jenis teknologi informasi yang digunakan pada instansi pemerintah adalah website. Setiap perusahaan atau instansi memiliki berbagai sarana yang dapat membantu instansi memberitahukan informasi kepada pihak lain. Salah satunya dengan menggunakan surat. Penerimaan dan disposisi surat merupakan layanan masyarakat yang harus ditingkatkan pada Badan Pendapatan Daerah Kota Medan. Maksud dari riset ini adalah menciptakan sebuah platform berbasis web yang dapat mempermudah atasan dalam mengirimkan surat kepada bawahannya. Proses disposisi ini akan mengirimkan pemberitahuan kepada karyawan terkait dan memungkinkan pengguna untuk mengaksesnya secara langsung melalui sistem informasi berbasis situs web. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti merancang teknologi informasi seperti sistem informasi berbasis web untuk menjadi solusi dalam mengatasi kendala pengelolaan surat secara manual serta membantu Meningkatkan efisiensi dan produktivitas dalam memproses surat masuk dan disposisi menjadi fokus utama dalam penelitian ini. Pendekatan yang diambil melibatkan pemanfaatan metode kualitatif dan penerapan metode pengembangan waterfall.
IMPLEMENTASI ALGORITMA RC4 PADA SISTEM INFORMASI KOPERASI VIRTUAL BAWASLU PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGAH VIRTUAL BAWASLU
Authors: Ngemba Hajra Rasmita , Ulhaq Muhammad Naufal Daffa , Hendra Syaiful , Azhar Ryfial , Alamsyah Alamsyah , Laila Rahma
Published: March 2024

Koperasi merupakan hal yang penting bagi kemajuan ekonomi Indonesia yang berlandaskan kekeluargaan dan gotong royong. Perkembangan teknologi berupa internet dapat digunakan untuk mempermudah operasional koperasi, dan keamanan data di dalamnya tetap terjaga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas koperasi Bawaslu khususnya di Sulawesi Tengah, dan mempermudah menghubungkan koperasi dengan mitra serta bertujuan untuk mengamankan suatu transaksi yang dilakukan oleh karyawan dengan mitra nantinya tanpa adanya keamanan saat melakukan transaksi maka sangat berbahaya karena pihak-pihak lain yang tidak bertanggung jawab akan memanfaatkan celah keamanan tersebut sehingga dapat merugikan karyawan nantinya. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini menggunakan metode kriptografi dengan menggunakan algoritma RC4. Algoritma RC4 digunakan untuk enkripsi barcode pada saat melakukan transaksi. Jika id dari barcode telah diamankan, maka kecil kemungkinan pihak lain yang tidak bertanggung jawab dapat menggunakan barcode tersebut. Algoritma ini digunakan karena efektif, mudah diimplementasikan, dan ringan. Pengembangan sistem menggunakan bahasa pemrograman PHP dengan menggunakan framework Laravel. Pengujian sistem menggunakan Blackbox dan juga metode BIG-O. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan pengujian bahwa aplikasi dengan menggunakan Algoritma RC4 berjalan dengan baik karena proses enkripsi berhasil
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM INFORMASI BOOKING LAPANGAN BADMINTON BAKTI HALL MENGGUNAKAN METODE WATERFALL
Authors: Edo Arribe  , Syahril  , Arum Porbowati  , Ardita  , Alfakih Anggi Subekti
Published: March 2024

Untuk bertahan dalam persaingan ketat dengan perusahaan lain, perusahaan harus mengikuti kemajuan teknologi yang pesat agar dapat mengoptimalkan kinerja operasional dan meningkatkan produktifitas. Bakti Hall adalah sebuah pusat penyediaan fasilitas olahraga yaitu lapangan badminton, proses pemesanan yang masih bersifat manual, memerlukan pelanggan untuk datang ke lokasi secara langsung. Maka, merancang sistem informasi baru akan memungkinkan pelanggan Bakti Hall menerima layanan pemesanan terbaik. Sistem dirancang menggunakan pemodelan visual sistem UML (Unified Modeling Language), metode waterfall untuk pengembangan sistem, dan metode black box untuk pengujian sistem. Dengan rancang bangun sistem informasi booking lapangan yang dapat mengotomatisasikan proses pemesanan ini, diharapkan dapat mengatasi hambatan, meningkatkan efisiensi dan kenyamanan pelanggan Bakti Hall dan bisa menghadapi persaingan pasar.
La Construcción conceptual del indio y del indígena en México
Authors: Rodriguez Soriano Roberto Israel
Published: March 2024

La consolidación del proyecto de nación independiente mexicana, a finales del siglo XIX y primeras décadas del siglo XX, se acompañó de un relato que suponía que la sociedad y la cultural mexicanas se originaron en un proceso de mestizaje. De acuerdo con el relato, éste se configuró en la mezcla racial, cultural y social de dos sustratos nucleares: lo indígena y lo español. El relato asumió que estos dos conceptos tenían un sustrato esencial u ontológico. En este trabajo se ofrecerá una lectura histórico-genealógica con el objetivo de develar que ambos conceptos se construyeron históricamente en una contraposición de origen colonial como categorías políticas con la intención de consolidar el poder y dominio de las élites criollas, primero, y , después, de las élites liberales. Ambas categorías son esenciales para el relato nacionalista conserve su lógica y estructura.
Un acercamiento al discurso sobre violencia gineco-obstétrica en la obra de Zhou Wenjing
Authors: Ross Elizabeth
Published: March 2024

Cuando comenzamos a ser humanidad fuimos adquiriendo conocimiento de los ciclos naturales, lo que nos llevó a formular diversas mitologías por un lado y ciencias por el otro. Desde el descubrir y discernir entre las plantas comestibles de las venenosas o el ingeniarnos cómo cuidar y reparar los cuerpos, el reconocer los signos que ofrece la naturaleza fue –es– vital para la sobrevivencia. La observación y un largo camino de acierto y error forjaron a mujeres y hombres de conocimiento que fungieron como brujas y chamanes, curanderas, sacerdotes y sacerdotisas que unían el poder de la naturaleza con las necesidades humanas. Dentro de esta sabiduría animista que con justeza podemos llamar global, el cuidado del embarazo y el trabajo del parto corría a manos de las mujeres, ya fuera las mismas parturientas o la mujer que, conociendo el proceso en carne propia, fungía como partera o comadrona. Las innumerables figuras paleolíticas labradas en piedra, hueso o barro de mujeres cuyo cuerpo muestra evidentes signos de haber sido madres, dan cuenta de una percepción sobre el proceso de dar vida que pudiera llamarse sagrado. Seguramente en ese experimentar a través de observación y práctica se perdieron muchas vidas, pero también permitió que la raza humana se propagara por el mundo.
The Influence of CD4+ T-Lymphocytes on the Strength of Anti-Diphtheria Immunity in Adult People Living with HIV
Authors: Revenko H.O.
Published: March 2024

Vaccination is an important tool for preventing infectious diseases. People living with HIV (PLHIV) are a vulnerable group because they are at greater risk of contracting or developing complications from vaccine-preventable infectious diseases. Diphtheria is the most striking example of such an infectious pathology.
Objective — to determine the level of seroprotection against diphtheria and assess the impact of CD4+ T-lymphocyte levels on the intensity of anti¬diphtheria immunity in PLHIV.
Materials and methods. 90 PLHIV were involved in the study, the average age was (40.1 ± 0.9) years. Anti-diphtheria antibody levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunoenzyme assay using the RIDASCREEN Diphtheria IgG diagnostic test system (R-Biopharm AG, Germany). The quantitative content of CD4+ T-lymphocytes was determined using the flow cytometry method using monoclonal antibodies. Statistical processing was performed using the Statistica v. 6.1 license program.
Results and discussion. The study revealed that the median level of anti-diphtheria antibodies in PLHIV was 0.17 IU/ml (0.09—0.38 IU/ml). The proportion of PLHIV without protection against diphtheria was 93.3 % (n = 84). A significant positive correlation was observed between the nadir of CD4+ T-lymphocytes and the strength of anti-diphtheria immunity (rs = 0.49, p < 0.001). ROC analysis indicated that a nadir level of CD4+ T-lymphocytes below 126 cells/µl predicts a high risk of lacking immunity against diphtheria, with a test sensitivity of 81.5 %, specificity of 100 %, and diagnostic efficiency of 82.6 %.
Conclusions. The serological anti-diphtheria status of PLHIV is considered critically low. Assessment of the nadir level of CD4+ T-lymphocytes proved to be informative for determining the risk of immunological vulnerability of PLHIV against diphtheria. Since the increase in the level of CD4+ T-lymphocytes against the background of antiretroviral therapy does not lead to «restoration» of specific immunity, such PLHIV will need a booster administration of diphtheria toxoid.
The Level of Leptin in the Blood of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and its Correlations with the Levels of Clinical, Functional and Anamnestic Indicators
Authors: Pylypiv L.І. , Radchenko O.M. , Komarytsia O.Y. , Piskur Z.I.
Published: March 2024

Leptin, a hormone produced by white adipose tissue and recognised as an inflammatory biomarker, has an undefined role in the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Objective — to evaluate the leptin level and its correlations with the levels of clinical, functional and anamnestic indicators in COPD patients.
Materials and methods. This study employed a case-control design involving 42 patients experiencing acute exacerbation of COPD and 20 control subjects. The patients were examined according to the standard protocol. Additionally, the examination included ultrasonic scanning of the abdominal cavity, evaluation of the serum leptin level, scoring of the anxiety and depression and quality of life.
Results and discussion. It was revealed that hyperleptinemia in the patients with acute exacerbation of COPD occurred significantly more frequently than in the healthy persons ((73.8 ± 6.8) vs (40.0 ± 11.0) %; р < 0.05). Besides, the COPD patients manifested increased leptin levels much more frequently than normal levels ((73.8 ± 6.8) vs (26.2 ± 6.8) %; р < 0.01). Hyperleptinemia was found to co-occur with severe COPD cases belonging to E clinical group ((51.6 ± 9.0) vs (18.2 ± 11.6) % in group with normal leptin level; р < 0.05). Kendall correlation analysis established that elevated circulating leptin levels were associated with an increased body mass index (τ = 0.3; р = 0.02), female gender (τ = 0.3; р = 0.01), non-smoking history (τ = – 0.2; р = 0.03), stronger manifestation of such symptoms as shortness of breath (τ = 0.3; р=0.01), disturbed home (τ = 0.3; р = 0.002) and out-of-home activities (τ = 0.3; р = 0.02) and lack of energy (τ = 0.3; р = 0.01). It also correlated with increased severity of pulmonary insufficiency (τ = 0.3; р = 0.003) and decreased forced vital capacity (τ = – 0.2; р = 0.04), elevated systolic blood pressure (τ = 0.2; р = 0.02), elevated cholesterol (τ = 0.3; р = 0.01) and β-lipoproteins levels (τ = 0.2; р = 0.04), pronounced depression (τ = 0.3; р = 0.002) and lowered quality of life (τ = 0.3; р = 0.01).
Сonclusions. COPD patients with elevated leptin levels manifest not only with an increased body weight, but also with arterial hypertension, disturbed lipid metabolism, more pronounced pulmonary insufficiency, depressive disorders and lowered life quality with more severe subjective respiratory symptoms.
The Influence of Coronavirus Infection on the Results of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Mankovsky G.B. , Kucheriava M.V.
Published: March 2024

Objective — to determine the impact of coronavirus infection incidence on the post-procedural condition of patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Materials and methods. This single-centre study was conducted at the «Ukrainian Children’s Cardiac Center, Clinic for Adults» from June 1, 2020, to December 31, 2021. A total of 158 patients participated, of whom 78 had a history of COVID-19 infection and 80 did not, all with stable obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). All patients underwent PCI, and their long-term outcomes were evaluated within a 6-month period. The study endpoints included repeated myocardial revascularization (defined as narrowing of the stented lumen by more than 70 % in diameter or acute stent thrombosis) and an assessment of CAD progres­sion (formation or progression of atherosclerotic plaques compared to baseline coronary angio­graphy).
Results and discussion. The frequency of repeated coronary angio in the first 6 months after PCI due to tension angina or acute coronary syndrome was equal to 10 (12.8 %) patients in the COVID-19 +-group and 3 (3.8 %) cases in the COVID-19 — –group (p < 0.05). According to the study data, patients with coronavirus infection tended to reach endpoints more quickly during the 6-month follow-up, in contrast to patients who did not have the incidence of COVID-19 during the same period. The frequency of repeated PCI within 6 months after the primary PCI in the group of patients with previous PCI was higher — 8 cases out of 78 patients compared to patients in the second group who did not suffer from COVID-19 in the first 6 months after the initial PCI (2 cases out of 80, c2 = 4 .0, p = 0.045).
Conclusions. Patients with a mild and moderate course of coronavirus infection and existing stable coronary heart disease with atherosclerotic lesions of the coronary arteries were more likely to undergo repeat PCI within 6 months of the initial PCI. The most common causes of repeat PCI in patients with previous COVID-19 were thrombosis and restenosis of the stent, as well as progression of stenosis at a site other than the location of the previous PCI.
Modern Directions of Optimization of Empirical Antimicrobial Therapy of Community-Acquired Pneumonia (Review)
Authors: Khaitovych M.V. , Turchak D.V. , Ulishchenko V.V. , Rafalskyi V.Yu.
Published: March 2024

Severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains a life-threatening disease, causing 78 % of infection-related deaths and is the most common cause of sepsis. Empirical antibiotic therapy is started before the results of bacteriological diagnosis are available. The diversity of pathogens often makes it difficult to choose a drug for etiotropic empirical therapy. Isolates of bacteria responsible for CAP sometimes show high resistance to several antibiotics, including cephalosporins and carbapenems. We analyzed scientific publications from the PubMed database for the last 5 years on the problem of empirical antimicrobial therapy of CAP. Currently, empirical therapy for pneumonia is determined by the site of infection (hospital or other settings), but may be conditioned by the presence of risk factors for multidrug-resistant pathogens, regardless of the site of infection. A rational approach to making decisions about prescribing broad-spectrum antibiotics is to use risk prediction models at the patient level. Recommendations for empirical therapy of CAP have been developed, taking into account individual risk factors for multidrug-resistant infection, and their use, according to the results of 30-day mortality, has proven to be more effective than the use of classification by site of pneumonia.Among the current directions of empirical antimicrobial therapy of CAP are use of drugs with a narrow spectrum of action based on the use of an algorithm for determining the risk of multidrug-resistant infection, as well as a procalcitonin test; use of an algorithm for choosing an alternative antimicrobial agent in case of a history of penicillin allergy; reduction of the total duration of antimicrobial therapy; widespread introduction of antimicrobial stewardship programs in the activities of not only hospitals but also primary care facilities.
Kesegaran Ikan Nila Berdasarkan Uji Organoleptik
Authors: Anggraeni Cahya Pitaloka Ayu
Published: March 2024

Ikan merupakan hewan yang harus dijaga kesegarannya, mulai dari penangkapan hingga proses pengolahan agar tidak mudah terkontaminasi mikroorganisme dan tidak mudah rusak, karena ikan mengandung kadar air dan protein yang tinggi. Penangkapan ikan dan penyimpanan ikan yang kurang tepat dapat meyebakan ikan menjadi memar, dan terkontaminasi oleh mikroorganisme.
PENGARUH WORD OF MOUTH DAN HARGA TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK DI ENVIO STORE RUNGKUT SURABAYA
Authors: Idamatussilmi Fina Idamatussilmi , Pujianto Agung , Maduwinarti Ayun
Published: March 2024

Tlhe purpollse of this research is to find out and anallyze the effect of word of mouth and prilce on product purchasing decisions at Envio Store Rungkut Surabaya. This research method uses quantitative reselarch methods with non-probability sampling telchniques in the forml     of purposive sampling. The poplulation in this study were people who had bought prlodul  cts at the Envio Store Rungkut Surabaya, with a totl  al sample of 96 respondents. The method of data analysl  is in this study was to use multiple regression analysis tests, validity tests, multicollinearity tests, heteroscedasticity tests and hypothesis testing consisting of t tests, determination tests, r tests wlith the help of the IBM SPSS version 25 for window prlogram. The results and conclusions of this study indicate that word of mouth and price have a positive and signlificant effect both palrtially and simultal  neously on prodluct purchasing declisions at Envio Store Rungkut Surabaya.
PENGARUH WORD OF MOUTH DAN HARGA TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PRODUK DI ENVIO STORE RUNGKUT SURABAYA
Authors: Idamatussilmi Fina , Pujianto Agung , Maduwinarti Ayun
Published: March 2024

Tlhe purpollse of this research is to find out and anallyze the effect of word of mouth and prilce on product purchasing decisions at Envio Store Rungkut Surabaya. This research method uses quantitative reselarch methods with non-probability sampling telchniques in the forml     of purposive sampling. The poplulation in this study were people who had bought prlodul  cts at the Envio Store Rungkut Surabaya, with a totl  al sample of 96 respondents. The method of data analysl  is in this study was to use multiple regression analysis tests, validity tests, multicollinearity tests, heteroscedasticity tests and hypothesis testing consisting of t tests, determination tests, r tests wlith the help of the IBM SPSS version 25 for window prlogram. The results and conclusions of this study indicate that word of mouth and price have a positive and signlificant effect both palrtially and simultal  neously on prodluct purchasing declisions at Envio Store Rungkut Surabaya.
Government Policy in Tackling Illegal Foreign Worker Issues in Indonesia: Complexity, Uncertainty and Divergence
Authors: Bawono Sri Kuncoro , Arifin Ridwan , Aji Koesmoyo Ponco , Wiraputra Anindito Rizky , Purnomo Agung Sulistyo , Syahrin Muhammad Alvi
Published: March 2024

The influx of illegal foreign workers to Indonesia is one of the fundamental issues which has become serious concern for the Indonesian government. Debates on the international migration phenomena ccontribute to an increasing number of the illegal foreign workers issue. This qualitative research analyses the foreign worker issues in Indonesia by the document analysis from government policies from 2015 to 2018, organizational reports, and journal articles. This study examines the wickedness of the illegal foreign workers issues in Indonesia based on the Brian Head's wicked problem concept. This study discusses the characteristics of wicked problems: complexity, uncertainty, and divergence in illegal foreign worker issues in Indonesia. The study finds the illegal foreign worker issues in Indonesia are only resolved by the law enforcement taskforce among agencies in relation to collaboration, cooperation and national security. A conceptual framework is proposed the immigration enforcement team is urged to improve the use of technology, citizen participation, interagency partnership, equipment, vehicles and boats. Further research extends the involvement of citizen’s participation and the use of technology in enforcing the immigration law and handling the illegal foreign workers.
EXPERIMENTAL MEASUREMENTS ON A CIRCULAR DISC IN FLOW
Authors: Joudi Khalid A. , Kendoush Abdullah A. , Mohammed Abdul-Rahman J.
Published: March 2024

An experimental investigation was made for the study of incompressible flow on a circular disc. It consists of two parts. The first was the determination of the pressure distribution of the front an! rear sides of three samples of dises with diameters 9.73,10.75 and 11.94cm and 3mm thickness.Th: dises were mounted normal to the flow direction. This part also included the determination of pressure distribution on the front and rear sides of an inclined dise of 10.75 cm diameter it inclination angles of 30, 60, 120, and 150 to the horizontal. The second part of the investigation was the determination of the drag coefficient on a circular disc 10.75 cm in diameter and 3 mm in thickness using two methods. The first using strain gages as sensitive elements. The strain readings were recorded and transformed into drag force by using a transformation system or by using the strain transformation equations. The second using a dial gage whereby the displacement was transformed into drag force. Drag determination was performed for normal and inclined disc. Inclination included 30,60 and 90 to the horizontal. Tests were made using a low speed wind tunnel, at low, medium and high velocities of 4.74, 8.316 and 10.35 m/s respectively. The experimental results compared well with theoretical predications and with available published data
EARTHQUAKE ANALYSIS OF THE LOWER SAN FERNANDO DAM USING ELASTIC, EQUIVALENT LINEAR AND BOUNDING SURFACE PLASTICITY MODELS
Authors: Al Damluji Omar al-Farouk S. , Al-Tae'e Asma Y.
Published: March 2024

Uncoupled behaviour of a dam undd, earthquake loading is investigated. Three constitutive models are used:. The linear-elastic model where soil properties; shear modulus and damping ratio are strains ar d cycle independent.-The equivalent linear model where soil properties are strain dependent but cycle independert. The shear modulus tends to decrease as the shear strain increases, while the damping ratio tends to increase as the shear strain increases. - A non-linear model where soil properties tend to change not only with shear strain but also with the progression of cycles. In this work, the bounding surface model is used.For these studies, three kinds of umerical integration methods in the time domain are usel. namely, Newmark, Wilson-0 and the a-methods with different damping ratios, In this study, the bounding surface plasticity model visualizes the realistic behaviour of the dam under the dynamic loading rather than the equivalent linear and the elastic linear models
A NEW METHOD FOR DESCRIBE THE EFFECT OF E.H.D LUBRICATION ON THE PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION IN COLD ROLLING
Authors: Alshamaa Fathi abdul-Sahib
Published: March 2024

he present study has been carried out to investigate the effect of Elasto Hydrodynamic Lubrication (EHL) on the pressure distribution of cold rolling strip by taking new conditions, which give new results in the theoretical analysis. This analysis takes into consideration the variation of the yield stress of the material, the position of the neutral angle (0) and the shear stress along the direction of rolling.The results obtained from the numerical method are in good agreement with the previous experimental result.
DEVELOPING OF CONCRETE TILES
Authors: Al-Mashhadani Shakier A. , Al-Attar Tariq S. , Al-Khateeb Alaa M.
Published: March 2024

A case study had been made to investigate the reasons of the repetitive failure during concrete tilestesting. Cubes, cylinders, and prisms in addition to full-scale concrete tiles had been prepared. Half of these samples were made using the same popular concrete mix. Test results indicated that, these samples were below standard requirements. The second half of the test samples was prepared using a newly designed concrete mix. Based upon the recommended breaking load, the required flexural strength of the tiles was calculated. This mix was designed to comply a flexural strength that was recommended by specifications. Care had been also concentrated on aggregate grading and concrete curing. Tests showed positive results. In spite of this success it is still believed that there is a possibility of some failures may be due to mass production or due to bad quality control. A new proposed model had been prepared and tested. Finally these newly proposed tiles had shown that it was more resistant to breaking loads by +21% in comparison with the previous samples. This result might insure the production of safe concrete tiles
AEROTRIANGULATION BY COPLANARITY
Authors: Mansour Fanar
Published: March 2024

Before corresponding points in photos taken with two cameras can be used to recover distances toobjects in a scene, one has to determine the position and orientation of one camera relative to theother. This is the classic photogrammetric problem of aerotriangulation. Iterative methods fordetermining X,Y,Z ground positions for unknown points using aerotriangulation process, weredeveloped long ago; without them we would not have most of the topographic maps we do today.Described here in this research a simple iterative scheme for recovering relative orientation processthen applying intersection problem (vector method) using the condition of coplanarity, out of theusual for photogrammetrists in using the familiar condition of collinearity. The data required is apair of bundles of corresponding rays from the two projection centers to points in the scene. It iswell known that at least five pairs of rays are needed, because, each object point gives only oneequation. The results were amazing according to the variances that have been obtained for theangular orientation elements. The programs have been written using Matlab software ver. 5.3.
HARDNESS REMOVAL FROM DRINKING WATER
Authors: Nasser Nawar O. A. , Ali Ahmed A. M.
Published: March 2024

This study included three trials that were made during December 2003 by using lime, of 98% w/wcalcium hydroxide to find the relation between lime doses to be added and the hardness removed.The trials were performed by adding various doses of lime and measuring the hardness, electricalconductivity and pH in water produce by three plants, Nissan in the north of Baghdad, Al-Karamaand Al-Wathba water treatment plant in Baghdad center. The objective of this study is to find the optimum lime dose that gives the minimum hardness content. The results indicate a non linear relation between lime dose added and the hardness removed . The results represented a 36% removal in hardness when using an optimum dose of lime 200 ppm in Nissan water treatment plant, while a percentage removal of 34% was obtained in both Al- Karama and Wathba water treatment plants with 300 ppm dose of lime. The low percentage removal indicates the presence of non-carbonate hardness which could not be removed by lime alone.
Numerical Investigation of Laminar Natural Convection in Rectangular Enclosures of Porous Media
Authors: Mahdi Alaa A. , Majeed Majid H. , Salib Selah M.
Published: March 2024

In this investigation, steady tow-dimensional natural convective heat transfer in rectangular porous cavity, (heated from below) with horizontal walls heated to uniform but different temperatures and adiabatic sides has been studied numerically. The numerical results of heat transfer rates are presented for porous Rayleigh numbers (Ra*), based on width of cavity, in the range (Ra*≤500), with layer aspect ratios (Ar), (height / width) ranging between (0.5≤Ar≤5). Plots of streamlines and isotherms to show the behavior of the flow and temperature distribution are presented. The current study shows that the Nusselt number is a strong function of the porous Rayleigh number, and the geometry of the cavity is represented by aspect ratios. Porous Rayleigh number has a large effect on the flow field, whereas any increase in (Ra*) results in changing the flow pattern from unicellular to multicellular flow. Correlation equation has been obtained to show the dependence of Nusselt number on the porous Rayleigh number, and aspect ratio (Ar), as this correlation will be beneficial in design of systems of thermal insulators in the energy storage engineering applications.
MATHEMATICAL SIMULATION OF FLOW THROUGH HOLLOW FIBRE MEMBRANE UNDER CONSTANT HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY
Authors: Al-Zubaidy Riyadh Zuhair
Published: March 2024

Distilled water flow through a virgin hollow fibre membrane, HFM is considered as steady nonuniform since the fibre’s wall hydraulic conductivity coefficient is kept constant along the fibre and unchanged during the operation. Under these conditions, two well known laws were used to mathematically simulate the hydraulic flow through the HFM. These two laws are: the Darcy’s Law, to simulate the flow thought the fibre wall, and the Hagen-Poiseuille’s Law, to simulate the laminar flow through the fibre channel. Laboratory measurements were carried out to provide necessary data for the calibration and verification of the mathematical model that was developed based on the Darcy’s and Poiseuille’s laws. A good agreement was obtained between the measured and predicted flowrate values under the same conditions.The developed Mathematical model can be used as a tool to investigate the hydraulic performance of commercial HFM modules. A comparison was made between two commercially available of HFM modules of the same material but differ in the fibre sizes; it was found that there is a difference between its performance and the efficiency of the operation energy.
INFLUENCE OF DEFECT IN THE CONCRETE PILES USING NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING
Authors: Al-Mosawe Mosa , Al-Shakarchi Yousef , Saidi A'amal A-
Published: March 2024

This paper presents the results of experimental investigation carried out on concrete model piles to study the behaviour of defective piles. This was achieved by employing non-destructive tests using ultrasonic waves. It was found that the reduction in pile stiffness factor is found to be about (26%) when the defect ratio increased from (5%) to (15%). The modulus of elasticity reduction factor as well as the dynamic modulus of elasticity reduction factor increase with the defect ratio.
DEFLECTION OF STRAIGHT AND CAMBERED BEAMS MEASURED DURING FOURTEEN HOURS PER DAY
Authors: Athuraia Kanaan Sliwo Youkhanna
Published: March 2024

Straight and camber beams in portal frames [Footings + Columns + Beams] were studied. Deflection for period of fourteen hours in a day was measured for ten days. Peak value of deflection within a day is predicted for each one of the beams under a sustained load uniformly distributed. It is suggested that the load test is to be performed during critical period, within a day, that gives peak deflection.
NON-ISOTHERMAL MODELING OF SOIL VAPOR EXTRACTION SYSTEM INCLUDING SOIL TEMPERATURE EFFECT
Authors: Al-Suhaili Rafa'a H. , Abbas Talib R.
Published: March 2024

Soil vapor extraction (SVE) is a proven effective in-situ technology for the removal of volatileorganic compounds (VOCs) from the subsurface. SVE process is highly sensitive to temperature.Studying annual soil temperature variation with depth declares that there is a considerable temperaturevariation in the upper few meters that may affect the overall efficiency of SVE process.A numerical model was developed to aid in investigation of field-scale soil vapor extractionprocess. The model is three-dimensional, time dependent that simulates nonisothermal vapor flow andtransport of multicomponent mixtures in soil and keeps track of the distribution of each compound inthe other three immobile phases (NAPL, aqueous, and sorbed). Rate limited interphase mass transferwith linear driving force expressions were used to model volatilization of oil into gas phase. A localequilibrium partitioning was assumed between gas, water, and solid phase. The model equations werediscretized using a standard Galerkin finite element method and solved using set iterative solutionalgorithm.Simulation of hypothetical field-scale problems was done. The physical domain described a threedimensionalsystem with flow to a single extraction well. A hypothetical soil temperature variationwith depth was incorporated with the model. The result of these simulations showed that thistemperature variation has a considerable effect on system efficiency and may play a role in optimumsystem configuration.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF COMPUTER AIDED SYSTEM FOR QUALITY IMPROVEMENT INSPECTION AND TESTING FOR BOILER IN THERMAL ELECTRIC POWER STATION
Authors: Fattah M.Y. , Abdul-Azal A. , Abid H.T.
Published: March 2024

There is a problem, in Iraq, due to the multitude of malfunction after the overall annual maintenance has been achieved, and that raises the cost of continuous repairs, one of the reasons of this problem, is the absence of planned testing and automation for testing devices, the second reason is the neglect of concentrating on a database, the third one is not following an integrated testing system for all parts, as well as, there are no documented reports for inspected parts. Most of various nondestructive inspection techniques have been achieved random selection steps. The lack of a documentation system leads to lack of historical information a bout failures parts of a boiler that affect inspection decision process. This paper summarizes Programmed system designing and computerized for internal inspection of boiler heatsurfaces (IIBHS) at Nassyriah power station as an example.
CONFINEMENT AND EXPANSION MODELS FOR NONLINEAR ANALYSIS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE MEMBERS
Authors: Mahmoud Khalid S. , Al-Shaarbaf Ihsan , Allawi Abbas A.
Published: March 2024

This research pertains to expand the formulation and applicability of using confinement and expansion due to Poisson’s ratio models for three dimensional non-linear finite element analysis of reinforced concrete members. A plasticity based model that acknowledges the asymmetric response of reinforced concrete under multiaxial stress conditions is used to account for the strength improvement under conditions of triaxial compression. Complex behavior of concrete such as compression softening and tension softening are incorporated to simulate concrete behavior. DIANA software is used for finite element analysis with the inclusion of confinement and expansion effects. The concept of material pre-strains is extended to accommodate modeling of the Poison’s ratio effect. The applicability of the suggested confinement and expansion models are verified by comparing the results of Kupfer and Vecchio – Collins tests on shear panels with that obtained from DIANA software. These comparisons illustrate the ability of the confinement and expansion models to obtain the response of reinforced concrete members subjected to multiaxial stress conditions.
The Campus and the Sense of Belonging to Place and Structure
Authors: العلوان هدى عبد الصاحب , الخزاعي هديل ثامر
Published: March 2024

The research investigates the role of the Campus Landscape Design inachieving a complete semio-communicational structure that creates a continuousdialogue between the perceiver and the physical entity of the urban environment (through the unconscious recall of meanings and semiotic indexes implicit therein)and achieves individuals' sense of belonging to place , thereby emphasizing thehuman ,social and cultural role of the university and its vital contribution in buildingup the Whole Man .The absence of a comprehensive theoretical framework for therole of the Landscape Design in achieving a semio-communicational structure for thecampus urban environment ,constitutes the main research problem.This problemarises from the lack of knowledge in the previous architectural literature in providingclear theoretical frame-work concerning the above mentioned role (as a result ofliterature concentration on fragmented and separate attributes) , as well as the absenceof a dialectic and reasonable interrelation between architectural theories and scientifictheories in the fields of Structuralism and Semiotics . In view of the problem underinvestigation , the aim of the present research is defined as arriving at theestablishment of a comprehensive theoretical model , by which are determined theprinciples and mechanisms of the role of the Landscape Design in achieving a semiocommunicational structure for the campus urban environment . Arriving at this aimrequires the building of the theoretical framework in the light of the main researchhypothesis, and eventually the extraction of the research conclusions andrecommendations . The result of the research , led to clear mechanism for the role oflandscape design in achieving a semio- communicational structure for the campusurban environment . This mechanism is formed by the reaction and simultaneity of thecomponents of the three basic characteristics of place structure (cognitive , spatial andbehavioral). By applying this mechanism , the designer will be able to createmeaningful environments that achieve people’s sense of belonging to place .
SPOT WELDING RESIDUAL STRESSES ASSESSMENT USING NONLINEAR NUMERICAL TECHNIQUE
Authors: Alsahib Nabeel K. , Nacy Somer M. , Mustafa Faiz F.
Published: March 2024

A description is given of the resistance spot welding process in terms of internal behavior of the weld as welding takes place. Heat input due to spot welding of steel sheet plate causes temperature gradient in the parent metal. After cooling, residual stresses appear around the welding zone reducing the strength. Residual stresses are a result of the temperature gradient and the dependency of material properties on the temperature, such as yield strength, elasticity modulus, and thermal expansion coefficient. Nonlinear transient heat transfer analysis performed in order to obtain the temperature distribution in the welded part .A nonlinear thermo–plastic stress analysis is then performed to predict the stress and strain fields during and after welding. The material properties such as yield strength, elasticity modulus, convection coefficient, conduction, specific heat, and thermal expansion coefficient are used as a function of temperature. The heat transfer results are compared with experimental results performed within the scope of work of this study. On the other hand, the residual stress results are compared with experimental result obtained from literature .The comparison shows good agreement between numerical and experimental results.
LAMINAR NATURAL CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER BETWEEN DUCTED PARALLEL PLATES
Authors: Salman Yasin K. , Hamad Hazim S.
Published: March 2024

Laminar natural convection heat transfer to air flow in a ducted two parallel plates subjected to same constant heat flux has been studied experimentally. In this study a test rig has been designed and constructed to allow studying the effect of plate spacing and plates angle of inclination on the heat transfer process. The study covers three plate spacing 15 mm, 35mm and 60 mm that makes plate aspect ratio (AR) 24, 10.285 and 6, The heat flux implemented in all test runs varies between 55 W/m2– 340 W/m2 that makes the modified Rayleigh number (Ra) varies from 105-108. Experimental results presented as plate temperature distribution, variation of local heat transfer coefficient and the relation between Nu and Ra, reveal for the range of parameters mentioned above, an improvement in heat transfer process as the AR values change from 6 to 24 and the improvement rates is higher for the lower heat flux test (lower Ra). A correlation of the results were made in the form of Nuvr (Gr/AR) in which the effect of duct aspect ratio (AR) has been introduced.
SUN SHADOW ANGLES FOR ARCHITECTCS With special reference to The UAE
Authors: فرمان عبد السلام
Published: March 2024

Often the greatest source of heat gain is the solar radiation entering throughwindows. Heat is then trapped in; because of the "greenhouse effect" shading thewindows is one of the most effective method within the reach of the architect forreducing this heat gain. This is nowhere more necessary than in a country like the U.A.E.but we find the architects here often ignoring this important environmental aspect ofdesign. This is partly due to the lack of relevant local meteorological data plus thecomplexity of the procedure involved ;and partly due to the misconception that suchaspect looses much of its significance when the building is air conditioned .The aim of this paper is to simplify the issue and promote greater attention to thisaspect by architect designing for the U.A.E.Based on the solar azimuth and altitude angles for the U.A.E. for therepresentative latitude related to local civil time, a number of useful tables to the architect have been prepared . One gives the hourly shadow angles and direction for each month. Then a set of tables to define the shadow angles for buildings of various possible orientations. In addition effective temperature isopleth for the U.A.E. has been constructed, with the shading line definded on both the isopleths and the solar charts. This is done in order to give greater insight into the overheated period of the U.A.E., and facilitate future possible use of shadow protractor, when necessary.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TRADITIONAL PWM INVERTERS AND MULTILEVELS INVERTERS
Authors: Krikor K. S. , Alnaimi Khalid I. , Mohammed Jamal Abdul-Kareem
Published: March 2024

The need of higher powers in electrical drives has forced the researchers to develop new power source possibilities. Multilevel inverters have been presented as a cost effective solution for various high voltage and high power applications including power quality and motor drive problems. The traditional pulse width modulated (PWM) Inverter does not completely eliminate the unwanted harmonics in the output waveform. Using the multilevel inverter as an alternative to traditional PWM inverters for electric motor drive applications is investigated. The concept of the Optimized Harmonic Elimination Stepped-Waveform (OHESW) technique for a multilevel inverter is presented. The effectiveness of this technique in minimizing the inverter switching losses and its output voltage harmonic content which cause reducing harmonic losses and torque pulsations of an induction motor fed form is investigated analytically. Comparison between the Selective Harmonic Eliminated PWM (SHEPWM) as a traditional PWM technique for three-level inverter and the OHESW technique for multilevel inverter with regard to the switching losses, harmonic distortion, additional harmonic losses in the motor and the pulsating torques is also presented.
SLIDING MODE VECTOR CONTROL OF A PWM INVERTER FED INDUCTION MOTOR
Authors: Salih Aymen A.. , All--Sabbagh Qaiis S. , Ahmed Azzam M..
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this paper is to analyze, study and simulate a three-phase induction motor drive using vector (field-oriented) control strategy and PWM current regulated inverter using hysteresis band current controller. The mathematical model of the induction motor and the principle of indirect field-oriented control are introduced. The Sliding Mode Controller with Boundary Layer (SMC-BL) is used as a speed controller and compared with the proportional integral (PI) controller.A Simulink / Matlab program is written for simulating the induction motor model, SMC-BL and PI controllers and indirect field oriented control. The SMC-BL based system and PI-controller based system are compared from the point of view of speed–time response and load disturbance. The simulation results which illustrate the performance of SMC-BL based system and PI-controller based system are plotted and discussed. These results obtained have shown improvement in the SMC-BL system performance from the point of view of variable speed tracking and load disturbance.