bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals Tgf-β-Mediated Noncoding RNA Regulatory Mechanisms Involved in DNA Damage in the 661W Photoreceptor Cell Line
Authors: Huang Yuke , Chen Xi , Jiang Zhigao , Luo Qian , Wan Linxi , Hou Xiangtao , Yu Keming , Zhuang Jing
Published: November 2022

Transforming growth factor β (Tgf-β), a pleiotropic cytokine, can enhance DNA repair in various cells, including cancer cells and neurons. The noncoding regulatory system plays an important role in Tgf-β-mediated biological activities, whereas few studies have explored its role in DNA damage and repair. In this study, we suggested that Tgf-β improved while its inhibitor LSKL impaired DNA repair and cell viability in UV-irradiated 661W cells. Moreover, RNA-seq was carried out, and a total of 106 differentially expressed (DE)-mRNAs and 7 DE-lncRNAs were identified between UV/LSKL and UV/ctrl 661W cells. Gene ontology and Reactome analysis confirmed that the DE-mRNAs were enriched in multiple DNA damaged- and repair-related biological functions and pathways. We then constructed a ceRNA network that included 3 lncRNAs, 19 miRNAs, and 29 mRNAs with a bioinformatics prediction. Through RT-qPCR and further functional verification, 2 Tgf-β-mediated ceRNA axes (Gm20559-miR-361-5p-Oas2/Gbp7) were further identified. Gm20559 knockout or miR-361-5p mimics markedly impaired DNA repair and cell viability in UV-irradiated 661W cells, which confirms the bioinformatics results. In summary, this study revealed that Tgf-β could reduce DNA damage in 661W cells, provided a Tgf-β-associated ceRNA network for DNA damage and repair, and suggested that the molecular signatures may be useful candidates as targets of treatment for photoreceptor pathology.
Routine Mitogenome MPS Analysis from 1 and 5 mm of Rootless Human Hair
Authors: Canale Lauren C. , McElhoe Jennifer A. , Dimick Gloria , DeHeer Katherine M. , Beckert Jason , Holland Mitchell M.
Published: November 2022

While hair shafts are a common evidence type in forensic cases, they are often excluded from DNA analysis due to their limited DNA quantity and quality. Mitochondrial (mt) DNA sequencing is the method of choice when working with rootless hair shaft fragments due to the elevated copy number of mtDNA and the highly degraded nature of nuclear (n) DNA. Using massively parallel sequencing (MPS) of the mitochondrial (mito) genome, we studied the impact of hair age (time since collection) and physical characteristics (hair diameter, medullary structure, and length of hair tested) on mtDNA recovery and MPS data quality. Hair shaft cuttings of 1 and 5 mm from hairs less than five years to 46 years of age from 60 donors were characterized microscopically. Mitogenome sequences were generated using the Promega PowerSeqTM Whole Mito System prototype kit and the Illumina MiSeq instrument. Reportable mitogenome sequences were obtained from all hairs up to 27 years of age (37 donors), with at least 98% of the mitogenome reported for more than 94% of the 74 hair samples analyzed; the minimum reported sequence was 88%. Furthermore, data from the 1 and 5 mm replicates gave concordant haplotypes. As expected, mtDNA yield decreased, mtDNA degradation increased, and mitogenome MPS data quality declined as the age of the hair increased. Hair diameter and medullary structure had minimal impact on yield and data quality. Our findings support that MPS is a robust and reliable method for routinely generating mitogenome sequences from 1 and 5 mm hair shaft samples up to 27 years of age, which is of interest to the forensic community, biological anthropologists, and medical geneticists.
Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization, and Expression Analysis of CHS Gene Family Members in Chrysanthemum nankingense
Authors: Zhu Lili , Ding Yuqing , Wang Shunxiang , Wang Zhimin , Dai Liping
Published: November 2022

The chalcone synthase (CHS) gene family catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of flavonoids and plays key roles in various biological processes in plants. However, systematic studies of the CHS gene family in chrysanthemum remain unknown to date. In this study, 16 CnCHS genes were identified by searching the complete genome sequence of Chrysanthemum nankingense. Most contained two exons and one intron with Chal-sti-synt_N and Chal-sti-synt_C domains. A phylogenetic tree of CnCHSs indicated divergence into three major groups, including I, II, and III. Analyses of the genes and promoters of these genes indicated that there are many cis-acting elements that respond to light, phytohormones, stress, and developmental stages. The CnCHS genes have extensive patterns of expression in various tissues and stages of flower development. Tandemly repeated and segmental repeat genes were expressed at higher levels in different tissues than most of the CnCHS genes that have been identified. CnCHS10 is expressed at higher levels in various flower organs than in vegetative tissues, particularly in disc floret petals and pistils. Our study provides valuable information for the systematic analysis of the CnCHS gene family, which also contributes to further research on flavonoid synthesis and petal colors of chrysanthemum.
RETRACTED: Teixeira et al. RADseq Data Suggest Occasional Hybridization between Microcebus murinus and M. ravelobensis in Northwestern Madagascar. Genes 2022, 13, 913
Authors: Teixeira Helena , van Elst Tobias , Ramsay Malcolm , Rakotondravony Romule , Salmona Jordi , Yoder Anne , Radespiel Ute
Published: November 2022

The published article [...]
Anticipating the Next Chess Move: Blocking SARS-CoV-2 Replication and Simultaneously Disarming Viral Escape Mechanisms
Authors: Casseb Samir Mansour Moraes , Khayat André Salim , de Souza Jorge Estefano Santana , de Oliveira Edivaldo Herculano Correa , Dos Santos Sidney Emanuel Batista , da Costa Vasconcelos Pedro Fernando , de Assumpção Paulo Pimentel
Published: November 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic initiated a race to determine the best measures to control the disease and to save as many people as possible. Efforts to implement social distancing, the use of masks, and massive vaccination programs turned out to be essential in reducing the devastating effects of the pandemic. Nevertheless, the high mutation rates of SARS-CoV-2 challenge the vaccination strategy and maintain the threat of new outbreaks due to the risk of infection surges and even lethal variations able to resist the effects of vaccines and upset the balance. Most of the new therapies tested against SARS-CoV-2 came from already available formulations developed to treat other diseases, so they were not specifically developed for SARS-CoV-2. In parallel, the knowledge produced regarding the molecular mechanisms involved in this disease was vast due to massive efforts worldwide. Taking advantage of such a vast molecular understanding of virus genomes and disease mechanisms, a targeted molecular therapy based on siRNA specifically developed to reach exclusive SARS-CoV-2 genomic sequences was tested in a non-transformed human cell model. Since coronavirus can escape from siRNA by producing siRNA inhibitors, a complex strategy to simultaneously strike both the viral infectious mechanism and the capability of evading siRNA therapy was developed. The combined administration of the chosen produced siRNA proved to be highly effective in successfully reducing viral load and keeping virus replication under control, even after many days of treatment, unlike the combinations of siRNAs lacking this anti-anti-siRNA capability. Additionally, the developed therapy did not harm the normal cells, which was demonstrated because, instead of testing the siRNA in nonhuman cells or in transformed human cells, a non-transformed human thyroid cell was specifically chosen for the experiment. The proposed siRNA combination could reduce the viral load and allow the cellular recovery, presenting a potential innovation for consideration as an additional strategy to counter or cope COVID-19.
The Model of Cohesionless Sediment Blowout with an Increase in the Methane Flow Rate
Authors: Shpak Polina M. , Turuntaev Sergey B. , Trimonova Mariia A. , Tairova Aliya A. , Belyakov Georgiy V. , Iudochkin Nikita A.
Published: November 2022

Dissociation of methane hydrates in the Arctic permafrost may lead to explosive gas emission. Methane blowout may be triggered by increasing gas flow rate at a certain depth. The mechanism of rock failure and blowout under the effect of pressurized gas was studied numerically and in laboratory experiments. The problem was formulated for the unsteady flow of compressed gas depending on the flow rate at a given depth, and pore gas pressure variations were calculated as a function of depth and time. The model parameters were chosen with reference to field data. According to the model, the input of gas to friable material at an increasing rate may lead to gas blowout and density loss propagating downward as the gas pressure exceeds the overburden pressure at some depth. The laboratory system was of the type of a Hele-Shaw cell, with small glass balls as friable material confined between two glass panels. The results of physical modeling and calculations show good agreement.
Evidence-Based Physiotherapy Practice in Paediatric Subdiscipline: A Cross-Sectional Study in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alghadier Mshari , Elnaggar Ragab K. , Alasraj Muneera I. , Khan Najwa , Almeiman Aseil , Albesher Reem
Published: November 2022

This cross-sectional study explored the behaviour, knowledge, skills and resources, opinion, and perceived barriers of paediatric physiotherapists practising in Saudi Arabia regarding evidence-based practice (EBP). Sixty-eight paediatric physiotherapists from Saudi Arabia participated. Data were collected by electronic questionnaire and the Likert scale was used to score knowledge, skills and resources, opinion, and barriers to EBP implementation. Approximately 78% of the participants were motivated to use EBP in their daily practise and 82.3% have reported the use of best scientific evidence in their clinical practise. Participants with higher database usage over the last 6 months showed significant association with EBP knowledge scores (t = 2.46, p = 0.01), skills and resources scores (t = 3.81, p < 0.001), and opinion scores (t = 2.43, p = 0.01). Furthermore, a higher level of education in participants was significantly associated with EBP knowledge scores (t = 2.41, p = 0.01). Most paediatric physiotherapists believed that EBP is essential in their clinical practise as it improves patient care and quality of health services. Difficulty in obtaining full-text papers and lack of time were identified as major barriers to implementing EBP followed by the lack of management support, motivation in research, and EBP training.
A Panel Data Analysis of Subjective Well-Being Based on Microblog User Information
Authors: Li Shuijin , Zhu Tingshao
Published: November 2022

Big data modelling using microblogs is applied to acquire nationwide representative panel data on subjective well-being. The analysis directly validates the influence of China’s Livelihood Index on subjective well-being. Using panel data on subjective well-being collected for the period from 2010 to 2021 from users of the Weibo (Sina Corporation, Beijing, China) microblogging platform, this study finds Granger causality running from China’s Livelihood Index to subjective well-being and that the two are positively correlated. We also find Granger causality running from a life stress indicator to a life satisfaction indicator. The education indicator model is found to be positively correlated with life satisfaction and positive emotions, whereas the life stress indicator and life satisfaction are negatively correlated. Medical and health indicators are positively related to life satisfaction, while a negative correlation is found between the traffic indicator model and life satisfaction. The relationship between economic development and subjective well-being also displays bidirectional Granger causality and a positive correlation. However, in China’s provinces and prefecture-level cities with relatively strong economic growth, the correlation between the livelihood index and economic development appears to be weaker. We suggest boosting gross domestic product per capita and absolute per capita income to increase subjective well-being in less developed western China. Bridging the gross domestic product per capita gap nationwide may also positively influence subjective well-being. To achieve this, we suggest measures that include improving medical and health services, alleviating traffic congestion, increasing the teacher–student ratio and improving the education universalisation rate. These steps would improve the equitable and balanced development of China’s Livelihood Index across the country’s 31 provinces.
Risk Analysis and Assessment of Lipid Abnormalities as the Earliest Complication in Newly Diagnosed Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Individuals of a Local Population
Authors: Baig Zunaira Ali , Rashid Amir , Majeed Asifa , Masood Zahra , Faryal Asma , Khan Zahra Arshad , Razaq Aden
Published: November 2022

Lipid variations have been frequently observed in global populations that can affect health status. Mainly studies have been conducted on the type 2 diabetic population, but limited data is available on newly diagnosed ones to unravel complications and risk predictors independent of disease progression. This study comprising 244 individuals was carried out to assess the lipid abnormalities in newly diagnosed diabetics and non-diabetics. The clinical and socio-demographic data were collected and analyzed using independent samples t-test and linear regression. Serum lipid variations were observed individually and in combination. The individuals in group I (diabetics with dyslipidemia) revealed elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein and serum triglycerides higher than in group II (non-diabetics with dyslipidemia). The frequency of deranged total cholesterol in group I was observed to be higher than in group II. Independent samples t-test showed a significant mean difference in variables between the two groups. Linear regression analysis showed a significant variable outcome for predictors between high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and physical activity (B= −0.043, 95% CI: −0.80, −0.006) and total cholesterol (TC) with family history (B= −0.062, 95% CI: −0.123, −0.001). The findings conclude that lipid levels deranged independently regardless of type 2 diabetes mellitus and present as an early onset in type 2 diabetes instead of later stage complication. These derangements of lipid levels are an independent risk factor for future cardiovascular pathology.
Analysis of the Reduction of Ergonomic Risks through the Implementation of an Automatic Tape Packaging Machine
Authors: Teixeira Ruan C. M. , Guimarães Walter P. S. , Ribeiro Josiel G. , Fernandes Rubens A. , Nascimento Lennon B. F. , Torné Israel G. , Cardoso Fábio S. , Monteiro Gabriella R.
Published: November 2022

Many industrial sectors still lack automation resources to optimize their production processes, aiming to make manufacturing leaner and offer better working conditions to operators. Without these improvements, workers can suffer physical and even psychological damage from the ergonomic risks of the activities performed. Thus, the aim of this paper is to present the ergonomic evaluation of packaging tapes workstation before and after the implementation of an automatic packaging machine, called Guzzetti. In the Guzzetti context, the paper shows the implementation of an electrical system based on controlling a mechanical device powered by servomotors and controlled by a PLC is necessary. For ergonomic evaluation, the paper presents the application of three methods: Suzanne Rodger, Strain Index, called Moore and Garg and REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assessment). With the results collection, was possible to obtain improvements in ergonomic risks that changed from the intermediate level to low level in all methods.
Effects of Mindfulness-Based Interventions in Children and Adolescents with ADHD: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Lee Yi-Chen , Chen Chyi-Rong , Lin Keh-Chung
Published: November 2022

(1) Objectives: Mindfulness-based interventions have been receiving more attention in research for children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to synthesize the findings of randomized controlled trials of mindfulness-based interventions for children with ADHD. (2) Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published in PsycINFO, PubMed, and Google Scholar was completed from the earliest available date until August 2022. (3) Results: The systematic review included 12 studies that met the inclusion criteria, and the meta-analysis included 11 studies. The overall effect sizes were g = 0.77 for ADHD symptoms, g = 0.03 for externalizing behavior problem, g = 0.13 for internalizing behavior problem, g = 0.43 for mindfulness, and g = 0.40 for parental stress for children with ADHD. (4) Conclusion: The results of this systematic review highlight the possible benefits of mindfulness-based interventions for children with ADHD.
Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Augmented with Motor Imagery and Upper-Limb Functional Training for Upper-Limb Stroke Rehabilitation: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Kashoo Faizan Zaffar , Al-Baradie Raid Saleem , Alzahrani Msaad , Alanazi Ahmad , Manzar Md Dilshad , Gugnani Anchit , Sidiq Mohammad , Shaphe Mohammad Abu , Sirajudeen Mohamed Sherif , Ahmad Mehrunnisha , Althumayri Bader , Aljandal Abdullah , Almansour Ahmed , Alshewaier Shady Abdullah , Chahal Aksh
Published: November 2022

Background: Combining transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) with other therapies is reported to produce promising results in patients with stroke. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of combining tDCS with motor imagery (MI) and upper-limb functional training for upper-limb rehabilitation among patients with chronic stroke. Methods: A single-center, prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted among 64 patients with chronic stroke. The control group received sham tDCS with MI, while the experimental group received real tDCS with MI. Both groups performed five different upper-limb functional training exercises coupled with tDCS for 30 min, five times per week for two weeks. Fugl-Meyer’s scale (FMA) and the Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) were used to measure the outcome measures at baseline and after the completion of the 10th session. Results: Analysis of covariance showed significant improvements in the post-test mean scores for FMA (F (414.4) = 35.79, p < 0.001; η2 = 0.37) and ARAT (F (440.09) = 37.46, p < 0.001; η2 = 0.38) in the experimental group compared to the control group while controlling for baseline scores. Conclusions: Anodal tDCS stimulation over the affected primary motor cortex coupled with MI and upper-limb functional training reduces impairment and disability of the upper limbs among patients with chronic stroke.
Can Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy Be Used to Treat Children after COVID-19? A Bibliographic Review
Authors: Myśliwiec Andrzej P. , Walatek Julia T. , Tarnawa Anna , Nierwińska Katarzyna , Doroniewicz Iwona
Published: November 2022

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic is a public health emergency of international concern. It was believed that SARS-CoV-2 virus was much less likely affect children. Statistics show that children account for 2–13% of all COVID-19 patients in individual countries. In the youngest population, acute respiratory failure is not as serious a problem as complications after COVID-19, mainly pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS, MIS-C). This study used a bibliography review. The Medline database (using the PubMed platform) and the Cochrane Clinical Trials database were searched using the following keywords: hyperbaric oxygen therapy for children, treatment of children with COVID-19, and use of HBOT in the treatment of children following COVID-19. Thirteen publications that quantitatively and qualitatively described the efficacy of HBOT application in the treatment of pediatric diseases were eligible among the studies; those relating to the use of HBOT in the treatment of children with COVID-19 and its complications were not found. The bibliographic review showed that hyperbaric oxygen therapy can be used in the treatment of children after carbon monoxide poisoning, with soft tissue necrosis, bone necrosis, after burns, or after skin transplant. No evidence supported by research has been found in scientific journals on the effectiveness of the use of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in children with a history of COVID-19 infection. Research data are needed to develop evidence-driven strategies with regard to the use of HBOT therapy in the treatment of children and to reduce the number of pediatric patients suffering because of complications after COVID-19.
Living in Liquid Times: The Relationships among Job Insecurity, Life Uncertainty, and Psychosocial Well-Being
Authors: Chirumbolo Antonio , Callea Antonino , Urbini Flavio
Published: November 2022

Stress research has widely documented how uncertainty represents a strong stressor that, in general, is negatively associated with well-being. While the literature on job insecurity about this topic is extensive and exhaustive, empirical research on the outcomes of life uncertainty, namely the perception and feeling of precariousness regarding the present and future of one’s own life, is yet to be fully explored. In the present paper, we aimed to investigate the relationships among job insecurity, life uncertainty, and psychosocial well-being outcomes, specifically, with a focus on job satisfaction and burnout. The participants were 357 workers (M = 146 and F = 211), with an average age of 41.78 y.o. (SD = 13.49), who completed an online questionnaire containing, in addition to sociodemographics information, measures of the study variables, namely job insecurity, life uncertainty, job satisfaction, and burnout. The results pointed out negative relationships of both job insecurity and life uncertainty with individual well-being, as they were negatively associated with job satisfaction and positively related to burnout. In a path analysis with latent variables, life uncertainty proved to fully mediate the relationship between job insecurity and psychosocial well-being.
The Effect of Frailty Syndrome on the Quality of Life of Individuals with Parkinson’s Disease: A Pilot Observational and Multicenter Study on the Polish Population
Authors: Pytel Aleksandra , Beszlej Jan Aleksander , Biercewicz Monika , Roszmann Anna , Krówczyńska Dorota , Kołtuniuk Aleksandra
Published: November 2022

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder involving decreased dopamine release and atrophy of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra. Frailty syndrome (FS) is common in older adults, which, in combination with PD symptoms, can substantially affect the quality of life (QOL). This study aimed to assess the prevalence of FS among PD patients and to identify variables affecting their QOL with particular attention to FS. The study included 296 patients (n = 173 women) with a mean age of 70.3 ± 5.7 years suffering from PD for an average of 8.2 ± 5.6 years. Patients were classified as at least stage II according to the Hoehn and Yahr scale. The following standardized questionnaires were used in the study: Schwab and England Activities of Daily Living (SE-ADL), Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), and Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI). FS was found in 96% (n = 283) of the PD patients studied. No depression occurred in 30% (n = 89) of subjects, moderate depression in 48% (n = 141) of subjects, and severe depression in 22% (n = 66) of subjects. The mean score of the PDQ-39 questionnaire in PD subjects with FS was 41.6 pts (min–max: 5.2–81.5 pts; SD = 17.4 pts), which was statistically significantly higher than in subjects without FS (p < 0.05). FS has been shown to be present in most of the subjects with PD. FS occurs more frequently with a longer PD period, which is associated with reduced physical capacity and QOL. Physical activity improves QOL and reduces disease progression. FS, similar to PD, is a common cause of disability in older adults and their dependency. Predictors such as depression, advanced stage of the disease, higher education, and low professional and economic status significantly affect the QOL level of PD patients. However, the results obtained among the Polish population of PD patients do not confirm the impact of FS on the QOL, so there is a need to conduct further research on this subject.
The Influence of Short-Term Heavy Rainfall on Hydraulic Characteristics and Rill Formation in the Yuanmou Dry-Hot Valley
Authors: Luo Jun , Ma Xueyang , Wang Lei , Zhang Bin , Yang Xiao , Yue Tianxiang
Published: November 2022

Rill erosion is one of the major environmental problems in the world; it is an important factor with regard to land degradation and has a serious impact on production and daily life in the region. The widely distributed Yuanmou group stratum promotes the development of rill erosion, whereby the strong time-concentrated rainfall and the alternating arid-humid climate prepare the ground for the development of rills in soils. Therefore, a study of the processes of slope rill erosion was carried out, and a gravel-soil slope in the Yuanmou dry-hot valley was chosen to simulate short-term heavy rainfall (25 mm/h) (No. 1 plot) and moderate rainfall (15 mm/h) (No. 2 plot), to study the erosion processes of soil and the dynamic characteristics of runoff involved in erosion. The study results showed that the width of runoff was significantly different between the two plots, while the depth of runoff was not significantly different. During the rill formation process, the width of the two plots first decreased and then increased with increasing washout duration, while its depth did not change significantly. Flow was the key factor in determining the hydraulic characteristics of runoff, and it had a significant or extremely significant positive correlation with hydraulic characteristics parameters, except in the case of Fr (Froude number) (r = 0.039). The total sediment content (CS) of plot No. 1 (0.158 g/cm3) was significantly different from that of plot No. 2 (0.153 g/cm3), and both CSs in the two plots decreased with increasing washout duration. The CS had an extremely significant negative correlation with τ (runoff shear force) (r = −0.863 **) and DW-f (Darcy-Weisbach drag coefficient) (r = −0.863 **) and a significant negative correlation with Re (Reynolds number) (r = −0.735 *) in the short-term heavy rainfall experiment, while the CS had a significant positive correlation with V (velocity) (r = 0.814 *), R (hydraulic radius) (r = 0.811 *) and P (unit stream power) (r = 0.811 *) in the moderate rainfall experiment. The results of this study will help guide further examination of the processes involved in the dynamic mechanisms of rill erosion on slopes under short-term heavy rainfall conditions.
Distribution of Trace Metals in Ice and Water of Liaodong Bay, China
Authors: Guo Weijun , Liu Sihong , Kong Xiangpeng , Sun Lixin , Zou Jibing
Published: November 2022

Trace metal pollution in coastal seas has been of great concern because of its persistence, toxicity, and biological accumulation through the food chain. The role of sea ice in trace metal transport and distribution in Liaodong Bay is still unknown. Sea ice and water samples were collected in Liaodong Bay in February 2021 to assess the distributions of Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn, Cr and Hg during the frozen season. Total dissolved (<0.45 μm) and particulate (>0.45 μm) heavy metal concentrations were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn and Cr) and atomic fluorescence spectrophotometer (Hg). The ice held significantly higher levels of total Cr when compared to water. There were no significant differences in total concentrations of Cu, Pb, Cd, Zn and Hg between water and ice samples. An analysis of dissolved-to-total metal ratios shows that all studied metals in the dissolved phase, except Hg, are found exclusively in Liaodong Bay nearshore ice as a result of desalination. Concentrations of particulate metals are higher in sea ice than in seawater due to suspended/bed sediment entrainment and atmospheric deposition. The partitioning coefficients of six trace metals are not increased with the increase in the concentration of particulate matter in sea ice due to sediment accumulation. The redistribution of trace metals between seawater and ice was a result of comprehensive effects of physico-chemical processes and environmental factors, such as chemical oxygen demand, salinity, and suspended particulate material.
Cost-Effectiveness of the Comprehensive Interdisciplinary Program-Care in Informal Caregivers of People with Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Muñoz-Bermejo Laura , González-Becerra María José , Barrios-Fernández Sabina , Postigo-Mota Salvador , Jerez-Barroso María del Rocío , Martínez Juan Agustín Franco , Suárez-Lantarón Belén , Marín Diego Muñoz , Martín-Bermúdez Nieves , Ortés-Gómez Raquel , Gómez-Ullate-García de León Martín , Martínez-Acevedo Marta , Rocha-Gómez Lara , Espejo-Antúnez Sara , Fraile-Bravo Mercedes , Galán María Gloria Solís , Chato-Gonzalo Ignacio , Muñoz Francisco Javier Domínguez , Hernández-Mocholí Miguel Ángel , Madruga-Vicente Miguel , Prado-Solano Angelina , Mendoza-Muñoz María , Carlos-Vivas Jorge , Pérez-Gómez Jorge , Pastor-Cisneros Raquel , Fuentes-Flores Paulina , Pereira-Payo Damián , De Los Ríos-Calonge Javier , Urbano-Mairena Javier , Guerra-Bustamante Joan , Adsuar José Carmelo
Published: November 2022

People with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) diagnosis who get informal care remain at home longer, reducing the demand for healthcare resources but increasing the stress of caregiving. Research on the effectiveness of physical training, psychoeducational, cognitive–behavioural, and health education programs in reducing the caregiver load and enhancing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) exist, but none exist about an integrated interdisciplinary program. The goals of this project are (1) to assess the Integral-CARE Interdisciplinary Program (IP) applicability, safety, effects on HRQoL, and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for AD caregivers; (2) to evaluate the IP applicability and cost-effectiveness to enhance the physical, psychoemotional, cognitive–behavioural dimensions, and the health education status of informal caregivers, and (3) to study the transference of the results to the public and private sectors. A randomized controlled trial will be conducted with an experimental (IP) and a control group (no intervention). The PI will be conducted over nine months using face-to-face sessions (twice a week) and virtual sessions on an online platform (once a week). There will be an initial, interim (every three months), and final assessment. Focus groups with social and health agents will be organized to determine the most important information to convey to the public and private sectors in Extremadura (Spain). Applicability, safety, HRQoL, incremental cost-effectiveness ratio, and HRQoL will be the main outcome measures, while secondary measures will include sociodemographic data; physical, psychoemotional, health education, and cognitive–behavioural domains; program adherence; and patient health status. Data will be examined per procedure and intention to treat. A cost-effectiveness study will also be performed from the viewpoints of private and public healthcare resources.
Predicting Firefighters’ Physical Ability Test Scores from Anaerobic Fitness Parameters & Mental Toughness Levels
Authors: Beitia Peter , Stamatis Andreas , Amasay Tal , Papadakis Zacharias
Published: November 2022

Physical ability test (PAT) evaluates firefighters’ (FF) occupational capacity. The contribution of anaerobic systems during PAT and mental toughness (MT) relationship to PAT is unexplored. PAT modeling based on anaerobic fitness (AF), MT, and respective relationships were examined. Fourteen male FFs (Age: 29.0 ± 7.0 years) completed a PAT composed of occupationally-specific tasks in full gear. On a separate day, a series of AF assessments were performed (handgrip-dynamometry: HG; vertical-jump: VJ; Margaria-Kalamen: MK; 300-yard shuttle run: 300YD). MT was evaluated using military training MT inventory (MTMTI) and sports MT questionnaire (SMTQ). We tested the PAT model using multiple backward regression and related correlations coefficients at p < 0.05. A 78% proportion of PAT was explained by AF parameters (F2,13 = 20.2, <0.05). PAT was significantly correlated with HG (r = −0.71, p < 0.01), VJ (r = −0.73, p < 0.01), MK (r = −0.75, p < 0.01), and with 300YD (r = 0.60, p < 0.05). MT did not demonstrate significant correlation with PAT (p > 0.01). Anaerobic system significantly contributes to PAT performance. FFs should optimize AF training, which would allow for enhanced occupational performance in PAT. Further investigation into psychological determinants of FFs is recommended.
Field Cognitive Styles on Visual Cognition in the Event Structure Design of Bivariate Interactive Dorling Cartogram—The Similarities and Differences of Field-Independent and Field-Dependent Users
Authors: Zhu Yanfei , Gu Jie , Lin Yun , Chen Mo , Guo Qi , Du Xiaoxi , Xue Chengqi
Published: November 2022

As a simple, discontinuous, surface deformation statistical map, Dorling cartograms are effective means with which to characterize the geographic distribution of event data attributes. According to existing research, behavioral differences exist in the visual cognition of individuals with different cognitive field styles in the spatial task of switching layers in a two-dimensional electronic map. However, there are few studies that compare the visual cognitive ability of individuals with different cognitive field styles in the cross-layer structure design of Dorling cartogram event information. This paper uses the visual behavior measurement method to analyze the similarities and differences in the visual cognitive ability of two types of individuals, namely, field-independent and field-dependent individuals, in the cross-layer event structure design of Dorling cartograms. We recruited 40 subjects to perform visualization tasks on Dorling cartograms designed with two event structures, and we recorded the visual cognition data for the two types of subjects in both tasks. The results show that the subjects with the field-independent style perform better in the cognition of the Dorling cartogram event structure than the subjects with the field-dependent style, and the “S-T” event structure design is generally more user-friendly than the “T-S” event structure design. Our findings help to provide some references for the event structure design of human-centered Dorling cartograms.
Urban Human-Land Spatial Mismatch Analysis from a Source-Sink Perspective with ICT Support
Authors: Li Tong , Xiu Chunliang , Yu Huisheng
Published: November 2022

The development management of the city constantly pursues sustainable development of human-land matching. Under the new research framework, this study discusses the urban human-land relationship from the perspective of the source-sink of daily population mobility, making up for the lack of a static research perspective in the past. The spatial relationship between population source-sink and land use intensity was studied by bivariate Moran’s I and multivariate correspondence analysis. The results show that there is a significant spatial correlation between urban population source-sink and land use intensity, which is obviously affected by urban circles and land use types, and these laws are cyclical day after day. The urban fringe becomes the main place where spatial mismatch occurs. Currently, the spatial mismatch of cities in northeast China, represented by Shenyang, is dominated by the high intensity of land use and low flow of the population. The key to solving the problem is to curb the high-density urban sprawl. The research results improve the integrity and accuracy of urban human-land spatial mismatch analysis and provide support for formulating more specific urban land use policies.
Immunohistochemical Changes in the Testicular Excurrent Duct System of Healthy, Male Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) Observed at 4, 6–7, 12, and 52 Weeks of Age
Authors: Ibrahim Mohammed I. A. , Williams June H. , Botha Christo J.
Published: November 2022

The immunolocalization of the cytoskeletal and the extracellular matrix proteins was investigated in the testicular excurrent duct system of healthy Japanese quail at 4, 6–7, 12 and 52 weeks of age. TdT dUTP Nick End Labeling (TUNEL) assay was used to assess apoptotic cell formation. The epithelia of the testicular excurrent duct system in birds of all age groups displayed various immunolabeling intensities and localization of cytokeratin 5 and beta-tubulin, while α-SMA was observed in epithelia only of 4-week-old birds. In all age groups, vimentin immunostaining was observed in the rete testes and efferent ductular epithelia, but not in the epididymal duct unit. The periductal smooth muscle cells of the excurrent duct system displayed variably intense immunopositivity with cytokeratin 5, desmin, fibronectin, α-SMA, and beta-tubulin. Furthermore, beta-tubulin and vimentin immunolabeled endothelial cells and fibroblasts with various intensities, while fibronectin immunostained extracellular matrices surrounding these cells. TUNEL-positive apoptotic cells were observed in the rete testes and efferent ductular epithelia, with increased frequency (p < 0.001) in 52-week-old birds. The study serves as a baseline normal for this region in healthy birds at 4, 6–7, 12, and 52 weeks of age, for comparison in future similar immunohistochemical studies involving environmental toxins affecting this region.
Peptides for Coating TiO2 Implants: An In Silico Approach
Authors: Agrelli Almerinda , Vasconcelos Niedja Fittipaldi , Silva Rayane Cristine Santos da , Mendes-Marques Carina Lucena , Arruda Isabel Renata de Souza , Oliveira Priscilla Stela Santana de , Santos Luzia Rejane Lisbôa , Andrade Audrey Nunes de , Moura Ronald Rodrigues de , Bernardo-Menezes Lucas Coelho , Silva Natália Pereira da , Machado Giovanna
Published: November 2022

Titanium is usually used in the manufacturing of metal implants due to its biocompatibility and high resistance to corrosion. A structural and functional connection between the living bone and the surface of the implant, a process called osseointegration, is mandatory for avoiding prolonged healing, infections, and tissue loss. Therefore, osseointegration is crucial for the success of the implantation procedure. Osseointegration is a process mediated by bone-matrix progenitor cells’ proteins, named integrins. In this study, we used an in silico approach to assemble and test peptides that can be strategically used in sensitizing TiO2 implants in order to improve osseointegration. To do so, we downloaded PDB structures of integrins α5β1, αvβ3, and αIIbβ3; their biological ligands; and low-cost proteins from the Protein Data Bank, and then we performed a primary (integrin-protein) docking analysis. Furthermore, we modeled complex peptides with the potential to bind to the TiO2 surface on the implant, as well as integrins in the bone-matrix progenitor cells. Then we performed a secondary (integrin–peptide) docking analysis. The ten most promising integrin–peptide docking results were further verified by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We recognized 82 peptides with great potential to bind the integrins, and therefore to be used in coating TiO2 implants. Among them, peptides 1 (GHTHYHAVRTQTTGR), 3 (RKLPDATGR), and 8 (GHTHYHAVRTQTLKA) showed the highest binding stability during the MD simulations. This bioinformatics approach saves time and more effectively directs in vitro studies.
The SARS-CoV-2 Delta-Omicron Recombinant Lineage (XD) Exhibits Immune-Escape Properties Similar to the Omicron (BA.1) Variant
Authors: Arora Prerna , Zhang Lu , Rocha Cheila , Graichen Luise , Nehlmeier Inga , Kempf Amy , Cossmann Anne , Ramos Gema Morillas , Baier Eva , Tampe Björn , Moerer Onnen , Dickel Steffen , Winkler Martin S. , Behrens Georg M. N. , Pöhlmann Stefan , Hoffmann Markus
Published: November 2022

Recently, a recombinant SARS-CoV-2 lineage, XD, emerged that harbors a spike gene that is largely derived from the Omicron variant BA.1 in the genetic background of the Delta variant. This finding raised concerns that the recombinant virus might exhibit altered biological properties as compared to the parental viruses and might pose an elevated threat to human health. Here, using pseudotyped particles, we show that ACE2 binding and cell tropism of XD mimics that of BA.1. Further, XD and BA.1 displayed comparable sensitivity to neutralization by antibodies induced upon vaccination with BNT162b2/Comirnaty (BNT) or BNT vaccination followed by breakthrough infection. Our findings reveal important biological commonalities between XD and Omicron BA.1 host cell entry and its inhibition by antibodies.
Enhanced Aggression, Reduced Self-Grooming Behavior and Altered 5-HT Regulation in the Frontal Cortex in Mice Lacking Trace Amine-Associated Receptor 1 (TAAR1)
Authors: Zhukov Ilya S. , Karpova Inessa V. , Krotova Nataliya A. , Tissen Ilya Y. , Demin Konstantin A. , Shabanov Petr D. , Budygin Evgeny A. , Kalueff Allan V. , Gainetdinov Raul R.
Published: November 2022

The Trace Amine-Associated Receptor 1 (TAAR1) is one of the six functional receptors belonging to the family of monoamine-related G protein-coupled receptors (TAAR1-TAAR9) found in humans. However, the exact biological mechanisms of TAAR1 central and peripheral action remain to be fully understood. TAAR1 is widely expressed in the prefrontal cortex and several limbic regions, interplaying with the dopamine system to modulate the reward circuitry. Recent clinical trials suggest the efficacy of TAAR1 agonists as potential novel antipsychotic agents. Here, we characterize behavioral and neurochemical phenotypes of TAAR1 knockout mice, focusing on aggression and self-grooming behavior that both strongly depend on the monoaminergic signaling and cortico-striatal and cortico-limbic circuits. Overall, we report increased aggression in these knockout mice in the resident-intruder test, accompanied by reduced self-grooming behavior in the novelty-induced grooming test, and by higher cortical serotonin (5-HT) tissue levels. Further studies are necessary to explore whether TAAR1-based therapies can become potential novel treatments for a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders associated with aggression.
In Vivo Applications of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Drug Delivery: A Pharmaceutical Perspective
Authors: Bărăian Alexandra-Iulia , Iacob Bogdan-Cezar , Bodoki Andreea Elena , Bodoki Ede
Published: November 2022

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been proven to be a promising candidate for drug delivery systems (DDS) due to their ability to provide a sustained and controlled drug release, making them useful for treating a wide range of medical conditions. MIP-based DDS offer many advantages, including the administration of a smaller drug doses, due to the higher drug payload or targeted delivery, resulting in fewer side effects, as well as the possibility of attaining high concentrations of the drug in the targeted tissues. Whether designed as drug reservoirs or targeted DDS, MIPs are of great value to drug delivery as conventional drug formulations can be redesigned as DDS to overcome the active pharmaceutical ingredient’s (APIs) poor bioavailability, toxic effects, or other shortcomings that previously made them less efficient or unsuitable for therapy. Therefore, MIP design could be a promising alternative to the challenging research and development of new lead compounds. Research on MIPs is primarily conducted from a material science perspective, which often overlooks some of their key pharmaceutical requirements. In this review, we emphasize the specific features that make MIPs suitable for clinical use, from both a material science and a biopharmaceutical perspective.
The Lack of STING Impairs the MHC-I Dependent Antigen Presentation and JAK/STAT Signaling in Murine Macrophages
Authors: Caiazza Carmen , Brusco Teresa , D’Alessio Federica , D’Agostino Massimo , Avagliano Angelica , Arcucci Alessandro , Ambrosino Concetta , Fiume Giuseppe , Mallardo Massimo
Published: November 2022

STING is a transmembrane ER resident protein that was initially described as a regulator of innate immune response triggered by viral DNA and later found to be involved in a broader range of immune processes. Here, we assessed its role in the antigen presentation by generating a STING KO macrophage cell line. In the absence of STING, we observed an impaired OVA-derived SIINFEKL peptide presentation together with a decreased level of MHC-I complex on the plasma membrane, likely due to a decreased mRNA expression of β2 m light chain as no relevant alterations of the peptide-loading complex (TAPs) were found. Moreover, JAK-STAT signaling resulted in impaired STING KO cells following OVA and LPS treatments, suggesting a dampened activation of immune response. Our data revealed a new molecular role of STING in immune mechanisms that could elucidate its role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders and cancer.
MSClustering: A Cytoscape Tool for Multi-Level Clustering of Biological Networks
Authors: Ge Bo-Kai , Hu Geng-Ming , Chen Rex , Chen Chi-Ming
Published: November 2022

MSClustering is an efficient software package for visualizing and analyzing complex networks in Cytoscape. Based on the distance matrix of a network that it takes as input, MSClustering automatically displays the minimum span clustering (MSC) of the network at various characteristic levels. To produce a view of the overall network structure, the app then organizes the multi-level results into an MSC tree. Here, we demonstrate the package’s phylogenetic applications in studying the evolutionary relationships of complex systems, including 63 beta coronaviruses and 197 GPCRs. The validity of MSClustering for large systems has been verified by its clustering of 3481 enzymes. Through an experimental comparison, we show that MSClustering outperforms five different state-of-the-art methods in the efficiency and reliability of their clustering.
Mass Spectrometric Proteomics 2022
Authors: Iadarola Paolo
Published: November 2022

Until recently, a major challenge of biochemists working in the protein field was the identification, purification, and sequencing of an individual protein [...]