bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utjecaj obilježja ličnosti na impulzivnost u kupovini i odgovorno financijsko ponašanje
Authors: Previšić Andrea , Lučić Andrea , Uzelac Marija
Published: November 2022

Obilježja ličnosti smatraju se jednim od relevantnih čimbenika koji utječu na ponašanje potrošača. Stoga, kako bi se ponašanje potrošača moglo jasnije razumjeti te predvidjeti, svrha istraživanja je ustanoviti postoji li povezanost između obilježja ličnosti i odgovornog financijskog ponašanja potrošača. Povezanost je istražena na temelju utjecaja obilježja ličnosti na afektivni i kognitivni aspekt impulzivnog potrošačkog ponašanja, na koje se u radu promatra kao suprotnost odgovornom financijskom ponašanju. Provedeno je jednokratno deskriptivno istraživanje pomoću anketnog upitnika na namjernom, prigodnom uzorku od 483 studenata Ekonomskog fakulteta u Zagrebu. Istraživanje je dokazalo da postoji statistički značajna razlika u stupnju sklonosti impulzivnoj kupovini s obzirom na dimenzije obilježja ličnosti. Uzročno posljedična veza dokazana je između dimenzije Savjesnosti i odgovornog potrošačkog ponašanja, a ustanovljena je i slaba, ali statistički značajna njena povezanost s kognitivnim aspektom impulzivne kupovine. Kod afektivne komponente ustanovljena je statistički značajna povezanost sa Dimenzijama Ekstraverzije i Neuroticizma, dok je kod dimenzije Neuroticizma ustanovljena negativna povezanost sa impulzivnom kupovinom. S obzirom da se do sada navedeni konstrukti nisu empirijski povezivali, ovim konceptom može se voditi prilikom segmentiranja tržišta te prilikom kreiranja aktivnosti usmjerenih ka potrošačima različitih obilježja ličnosti. potaknuti odgovorno te ispraviti i izbjeći neodgovorno potrošačko ponašanje kod mladih potrošača.
Caracterización de la infección urinaria adquirida en la comunidad IESS Macas período 2019-2020
Authors: García Mejía Jhoanna , López Cisneros Carmen Lucía
Published: November 2022

Introducción. Las Infecciones del Tracto Urinario (ITU), constituyen uno de los principales motivos de consulta en el ámbito de atención primaria, debido al aumento de la resistencia antibacteriana. Objetivo. Caracterizar la prevalencia de infecciones del tracto urinario y el perfil de susceptibilidad antimicrobiana en enterobacterias aisladas de pacientes oriundos de la provincia Morona Santiago – Ecuador. Método. Esta investigación fue descriptiva de diseño documental. La población fue de 1488 registros de urocultivos, recopilados de la base de datos del laboratorio de microbiología del Centro Clínico Quirúrgico Ambulatorio Hospital del Día Macas, en el período comprendido desde enero 2019 hasta diciembre de 2020. Los datos fueron procesados mediante estadística descriptiva, análisis de frecuencia y chi cuadrado. Resultados. La prevalencia de ITU fue 55,6%; los principales agentes etiológicos fueron: E. coli (88,0%), Klebsiella spp., (7,5%), y Proteus spp. (2,4%). Las ITU y la infección por E. coli fueron estadísticamente mayores en mujeres adultas. La mayor frecuencia de resistencia de E. coli fue para cefazolina (42,4%), sulfametoxazol trimetoprima (40,6%), norfloxacina (38,0%), ácido nalidíxico (34,3%) y ciprofloxacina (31,4%) en Klebsiella spp. fue norfloxacina (7,5%), cefazolina (7,2%), cefuroxima (4,5%) levofloxacina (3,8%) y ampicilina sulbactam (3,5%). Conclusión. El agente causal más frecuente de las infecciones del tracto urinario continúa siendo E. coli. El tratamiento empírico de ITU, a criterio del autor debería incluir gentamicina, amikacina y nitrofurantoina.
Pembuatan Bahan Ajar E-Modul Menggunakan Aplikasi Flip PDF Professional
Authors: Thahir Irmawati , Kasman  , Ddin Rau , Rhamadan Nurkartika
Published: November 2022

Permasalahan tenaga pengajar bidang teknologi informasi dan komunikasi di bidang pendidikan masih marak di Indonesia, termasuk di SMA Islam Terpadu Ibnu Sina. Pengabdian ini merupakan bentuk komitmen untuk meningkatkan profesionalisme guru, dalam pembelajaran. Tujuan dari pengabdian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan keterampilan guru dalam membuat bahan ajar: (1) Pengajar mampu menciptakan materi ajar e-model, dan (2) meningkatkan efektivitas, efisiensi dan daya tarik pembelajaran. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengimplementasikan pengabdian ini adalah desain, manufaktur dan evaluasi. Pelatihan pada tahap pertama pesrta pelatihan untuk memahami peran teknologi dalam pembelajaran dan pentingnya pendidikan sebagai bentuk pengembangan diri guru. Pelatihan tahap kedua berfokus pada pelatihan pembuatan materi e-modul, pengelolaan materi dan penyaringan. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan hasil pengabdian, (1) E-Module yang dibuat berupa file offline (exe). (2) Media yang dihasilkan efektif dalam mendukung proses belajar mandiri siswa. Dalam pembuatan bahan ajar dengan menggunakan aplikasi Flip PDF Profesional 90% guru aktif dalam membuat bahan ajar.
Understanding the environmental drivers of clinical azole resistance in Aspergillus species
Authors: Sen Pooja , Vijay Mukund , Singh Shweta , Hameed Saif , Vijayaraghvan Pooja
Published: November 2022

Aspergilli are ubiquitous fungal pathogens associated with severe life-threatening infections, especially in immunocompromised patients. Azoles are the first line of defence in the fight against most Aspergillus -related infections. However, resistance to these therapeutic compounds has developed, which is mainly due to the existence of mutations in lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase (Cyp51A), a crucial enzyme in the pathway that produces ergosterol and is the target of azole antifungals. Azole-based antifungal medications are ineffective because of infections brought on by azole-resistant Aspergillus  species, leading to a high fatality rate. However, resistant Aspergillus  isolates have also been isolated from azole-naïve patients. Global agricultural practices promote the use of azole fungicides to protect crops from phytopathogens. Usage of azole fungicides on a large scale has been linked to the development of resistance among Aspergillus  species prevalent in the environment. The infections caused by these azoleresistant Aspergillus  species cannot be treated by the available azole drugs, in turn leading to high morbidity and mortality rates. Thus, knowledge of the environmental drivers and comprehending the genetic basis of fungal drug resistance evolution is pertinent, considering increasing numbers of patients with COVID-19 infections who are sensitive to opportunistic fungal infections. This article emphasises the prevalence and underlying mechanisms of azole resistance in Aspergillus  species, with a focus on environmental triggers and resistance development. It also highlights the need for regular surveillance of pesticide use in agriculture, detection of triazole-resistant Aspergillus  species in environmental and clinical settings and development of new antifungal drugs.
Reinhard of Reims: Prague Merchant and Exile in the Shadow of the Hussite Revolution
Authors: Vodička Ondřej
Published: November 2022

This study follows the life of the merchant Reinhard of Reims, who moved to Prague in the 1390s and amassed significant property and a fair amount of political power due to his business activities. When the Hussite Revolution began, however, he had to leave Prague, and all his assets remaining in Bohemia were confiscated due to his political and religious beliefs. Like many other Prague merchants, he found a new home in Wroclaw, Silesia, a major hub for international trade. Reinhard continued to conduct his trade from exile in Wroclaw, taking part in the retrieval of valuables from abandoned Czech monasteries and other activities of exiles from Bohemia. After a peace was reached and Emperor Sigismund took the Czech throne, Reinhard achieved the restitution of some of his confiscated property.
From the Cradle to the Grave: The Changing of Transitional Rituals in the Multi-Confessional Milieu of a Bohemian Town in the Seventeenth Century
Authors: Kadeřábek Josef
Published: November 2022

Drawing on urban and church archival sources such as handbooks, legal texts and birth registers, this study deals with changes in transitional rituals in the multi-denominational town of Slaný in Bohemia in the years 1600–1640. It focuses on both religious and civil rituals and shows how they changed in the course of the Counter-Reformation.
Fusions of Folk, Rock and Metal: Týr’s “Modern Versions” of Faroese Ballads1
Authors: Heesch Dr. Florian
Published: November 2022

The article discusses fusions of folk and rock music with regard to the pagan / progressive metal band Týr and their relation to traditional Faroese ballads. An overview depicts diverse relationships to traditional music in general and to ballads in particular in Týr’s musical output up to their Valkyrja album (2013). An empirical analysis focuses on how said fusion is reflected in the melody, text, riffs and rhythm of Týr’s version of “Regin smiður” (Regin Blacksmith). The final section discusses the relation of traditional ballads and the sentimental rock ballad in the track “The Lay of Our Love” (2013), allowing for a sociocultural embedding of the two distinct types of rock ballad.
A Letter to My Son
Authors: Scott Dave
Published: November 2022

This contribution to the theme of ‘Scotland and the Two Irelands’ takes the form of a letter from an Antrim-born father to his Scottish-born son. It offers an (autobiographical) account of the political changes in Scotland and Northern Ireland since the late 1990s, and outlines how it is the people we love that makes places home.
DEREK WALLCOT’S A FAR CRY FROM AFRICA: SEMANTICANALYSIS
Authors:   Madridejos Community College, Madridejos Cebu, 6Tagoloan Community College, Baluarte,Tagoloan Misamis Oriental, GIDO NATHANIEL G. , CANOY PRISCILLA ,   Madridejos Community College, Madridejos Cebu, 6Tagoloan Community College, Baluarte,Tagoloan Misamis Oriental, GILA JOSE ,   Madridejos Community College, Madridejos Cebu, 6Tagoloan Community College, Baluarte,Tagoloan Misamis Oriental, POSTRERO EMELITA ,   Madridejos Community College, Madridejos Cebu, 6Tagoloan Community College, Baluarte,Tagoloan Misamis Oriental, VILLACERAN SULPICIA ,   Community College, Madridejos Cebu, 6Tagoloan Community College, Baluarte,Tagoloan Misamis Oriental, SUGALA JANELA ,   Community College, Madridejos Cebu, 6Tagoloan Community College, Baluarte,Tagoloan Misamis Oriental
Published: November 2022

The Caribbean culture is a main theme in the works of West Indian poet and playwright Derek Walcott, whose full name is Derek Alton Walcott. The poem also talks about the bloodshed in Kenya and the speaker's own split identities as a result of colonialism. The speaker of the poem, who is connected to both England and Africa, struggles with how to interpret the violence of the battle. Understanding the poet's multiple literary techniques can help us comprehend the poem more clearly. It matters how the poet portrays both colonists and indigenous people. The poem's conclusion lines, which offer a number of questions, imply that the author is indeed not willing to solve the issues. The poem's significance and congruence with the earlier-mentioned context are due to the symbols and images that were explored.
CONTEXTUALIZED INSTRUCTION FOR SPEECH COMMUNICATION
Authors:   Madridejos Community College, Madridejos Cebu., GIDO NATHANIEL G. , Rojoca Lotes M. ,   Tagoloan Community College, Baluarte, Tagoloan, Misamis Oriental., Cabañero Lyndel J. ,   Tagoloan Community College, Baluarte, Tagoloan, Misamis Oriental, Cañedo Maricar ,   Tagoloan Community College, Baluarte, Tagoloan, Misamis Oriental, La Cruz Ivie De ,   Tagoloan Community College, Baluarte, Tagoloan, Misamis Oriental, Villaceran Sulpicia ,   Madridejos Community College, Madridejos Cebu
Published: November 2022

In the twenty-first century, educators must tackle the issue of the modern period. The results of the study will assist school administrators in providing guidance to all English teachers regarding the adoption of contextualized instruction in teaching students in order to achieve lifelong learning that can be applied in their real life. With a mean of 1.032, the fluency and accuracy of the 31 pupils fall into the category of needing improvement. The mental structure of the kids could not be sequential, which could skew the coherence of thinking units. Numerous observations, according to Labastida (5), demonstrated that kids struggle with thinking, expressing themselves, and communicating. These can be seen in class discussions when students are reluctant to participate in them. While 13 of the responders had good content in their responses. However, 18 of the pupils had content that needed to be improved. Table 2 displays the respondents' entry-level scores. Thirty-one (31) pupils fall under the "needs improvement" category. This has implications for organizing in that it allows students to write on a particular area of interest, but there are drawbacks to the way thoughts are put together. According to Howard (88), writing that is well-organized is crucial not just for learning but also because it serves knowledge first and communication second. Table 3 shows the respondents' post-test speaking scores following their exposure to contextualized instruction. There were 10 students whose accuracy and fluency fit the good group, and 20 students whose accuracy and fluency fit the required improvement category. With a mean score of 1.290, it is possible that kids' speech is slurred and their thoughts are disjointed. Wilkins, who was cited by Flores (11), and who asserted that nothing can be communicated without grammar and vocabulary, can be used to corroborate this. There were 14 respondents whose organization fell into the "good" category; however, 16 respondents, with a mean score of 1.419, fell into the "needs improvement" category. This indicates that students have a sense of organization in their writing, even though some organizational tools are only sporadically used. According to the data, the respondents' speaking score at the entrance level, specifically in terms of fluency and accuracy, was 0.032, whereas their post-test score was 1.290.
Cyto- and bio-compatibility assessment of plasma-treated polyvinylidene fluoride scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering
Authors: Kitsara Maria , Revet Gaëlle , Vartanian-Grimaldi Jean-Sébastien , Simon Alexandre , Minguy Mathilde , Miche Antoine , Humblot Vincent , Dufour Thierry , Agbulut Onnik
Published: November 2022

As part of applications dealing with cardiovascular tissue engineering, drop-cast polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) scaffolds have been treated by cold plasma to enhance their adherence to cardiac cells. The scaffolds were treated in a dielectric barrier device where cold plasma was generated in a gaseous environment combining a carrier gas (helium or argon) with/without a reactive gas (molecular nitrogen). We show that an Ar-N2 plasma treatment of 10 min results in significant hydrophilization of the scaffolds, with contact angles as low as 52.4° instead of 132.2° for native PVDF scaffolds. Correlation between optical emission spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows that OH radicals from the plasma phase can functionalize the surface scaffolds, resulting in improved wettability. For all plasma-treated PVDF scaffolds, the adhesion and maturation of primary cardiomyocytes is increased, showing a well-organized sarcomeric structure (α-actinin immunostaining). The efficacy of plasma treatment was also supported by real-time PCR analysis to demonstrate an increased expression of the genes related to adhesion and cardiomyocyte function. Finally, the biocompatibility of the PVDF scaffolds was studied in a cardiac environment, after implantation of acellular scaffolds on the surface of the heart of healthy mice. Seven and 28 days after implantation, no exuberant fibrosis and no multinucleated giant cells were visible in the grafted area, hence demonstrating the absence of foreign body reaction and the biocompatibility of these scaffolds.
Functionalized multidimensional biomaterials for bone microenvironment engineering applications: Focus on osteoimmunomodulation
Authors: Lv Bin , Wu Juntao , Xiong Yuan , Xie Xudong , Lin Ze , Mi Bobin , Liu Guohui
Published: November 2022

As bone biology develops, it is gradually recognized that bone regeneration is a pathophysiological process that requires the simultaneous participation of multiple systems. With the introduction of osteoimmunology, the interplay between the immune system and the musculoskeletal diseases has been the conceptual framework for a thorough understanding of both systems and the advancement of osteoimmunomodulaty biomaterials. Various therapeutic strategies which include intervention of the surface characteristics or the local delivery systems with the incorporation of bioactive molecules have been applied to create an ideal bone microenvironment for bone tissue regeneration. Our review systematically summarized the current research that is being undertaken in the field of osteoimmunomodulaty bone biomaterials on a case-by-case basis, aiming to inspire more extensive research and promote clinical conversion.
Modeling (not so) rare developmental disorders associated with mutations in the protein-tyrosine phosphatase SHP2
Authors: Solman Maja , Woutersen Daniëlle T. J. , den Hertog Jeroen
Published: November 2022

Src homology region 2 (SH2)-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP2) is a highly conserved protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP), which is encoded by PTPN11 and is indispensable during embryonic development. Mutations in PTPN11 in human patients cause aberrant signaling of SHP2, resulting in multiple rare hereditary diseases, including Noonan Syndrome (NS), Noonan Syndrome with Multiple Lentigines (NSML), Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia (JMML) and Metachondromatosis (MC). Somatic mutations in PTPN11 have been found to cause cancer. Here, we focus on the role of SHP2 variants in rare diseases and advances in the understanding of its pathogenesis using model systems.
Precise dapagliflozin delivery by cardiac homing peptide functionalized mesoporous silica nanocarries for heart failure repair after myocardial infarction
Authors: You Lijiao , Wang Qing , Ma Yuhui , Li Yunfeng , Ye Hui , Xu Lingli , Lei Ming
Published: November 2022

Myocardial infarction (MI) may cause irreversible damage or destroy to part of the heart muscle, affecting the heart’s ability and power to pump blood as efficiently as before, often resulting in heart failure (HF). Cardiomyocyte death and scar formation after MI may then trigger chronic neurohormonal activation and ventricular remodeling. We developed a biocompatible and mono-dispersed mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) divergent porous channel for dapagliflozin (DAPA) loading. After surface modification of the cardiac-targeting peptides, the novel drug delivery system was successfully homed, and precisely released drugs for the hypoxic and weak acid damaged cardiomyocytes. Our biocompatible MSN- based nanocarriers for dapagliflozin delivery system could effective cardiac repair and regeneration in vivo, opening new opportunities for healing patients with ischemic heart disease in clinical.
The association between implementation of multidisciplinary rounds and clinical outcomes
Authors: Sreepathy Pranati , Kim Yoo Jin , Ahuja Zaneta , Shroff Adhir R. , Nazir Noreen T.
Published: November 2022

Background

Multidisciplinary rounds (MDR) consisting of social workers, dietitians, pharmacists, physical therapists, nurses, and physicians have been implemented at many healthcare institutions to address the complex components of inpatient care. However, little is known on the association of MDR on clinical outcomes across cardiovascular pathologies. This study aimed to investigate the impact of MDR on cardiovascular patients.

Methods

Hospital admissions to inpatient cardiology were evaluated prior to (November 2017 to November 2018) and after implementation of MDR (December 2018 to August 2020) at a metropolitan academic medical center. The following outcomes were evaluated: clinical complications (incidence of stroke, gastrointestinal bleed, myocardial infarction, or systemic infection during hospitalization), Length of Stay (LOS), 30-day readmissions and all-cause in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included utilization of physical therapy and dietary services.

Results

Admissions were evaluated prior to (N = 1054) and after (N = 1659) MDR implementation. All-cause in-hospital mortality after MDR implementation decreased significantly from 2.8 to 1.6% (P = 0.03). Although the number of complications and LOS decreased, these differences were not statistically significant. No significant change was observed in 30-day readmissions. Significant increase in the utilization of physical therapy (34.2 to 53.5%; P < 0.01) and dietary services (7.2 to 19.3%; P < 0.01) were observed.

Conclusion

Multidisciplinary rounds implementation was associated with significantly decreased mortality and positively impacted resource utilization with increased consultations for ancillary services. MDR is a high impact intervention that utilizes existing resources to improve mortality and should be implemented especially for cardiovascular patients. Further investigation into the benefit of MDR across different patient populations and care settings is warranted.
Case report: Refractory cardiac arrest supported with veno-arterial-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and left-ventricular Impella CP®–Physiological insights and pitfalls of ECMELLA
Authors: Thevathasan Tharusan , Füreder Lisa , Donker Dirk W. , Nix Christoph , Wurster Thomas H. , Knie Wulf , Girke Georg , Al Harbi Abdulla S. , Landmesser Ulf , Skurk Carsten
Published: November 2022

Introduction

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report which provides insights into patient-specific hemodynamics during veno-arterio-venous-extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VAV ECMO) combined with a left-ventricular (LV) Impella®micro-axial pump for therapy-refractory cardiac arrest due to acute myocardial infarction, complicated by acute lung injury (ALI).

Patient presentation

A 54-year-old male patient presented with ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome complicated by out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with ventricular fibrillation upon arrival of the emergency medical service. As cardiac arrest was refractory to advanced cardiac life support, the patient was transferred to the Cardiac Arrest Center for immediate initiation of extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) with peripheral VA ECMO and emergency percutaneous coronary intervention using drug eluting stents in the right coronary artery. Due to LV distension and persistent asystole after coronary revascularization, an Impella®pump was inserted for LV unloading and additional hemodynamic support (i.e., “ECMELLA”). Despite successful unloading by ECMELLA, post-cardiac arrest treatment was further complicated by sudden differential hypoxemia of the upper body. This so called “Harlequin phenomenon” was explained by a new onset of ALI, necessitating escalation of VA ECMO to VAV ECMO, while maintaining Impella®support. Comprehensive monitoring as derived from the Impella®console allowed to illustrate patient-specific hemodynamics of cardiac unloading. Ultimately, the patient recovered and was discharged from the hospital 28 days after admission. 12 months after the index event the patient was enrolled in theECPR Outpatient Care Programwhich revealed good recovery of neurologic functions while physical exercise capacities were impaired.

Conclusion

A combined mechanical circulatory support strategy may successfully be deployed in complex cases of severe cardio-circulatory and respiratory failure as occasionally encountered in clinical practice. While appreciating potential clinical benefits, it seems of utmost importance to closely monitor the physiological effects and related complications of such a multimodal approach to reach the most favorable outcome as illustrated in this case.
Cultivating Black liberatory spaces in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education: What does it take?
Authors: Mathews Channing J. , Robinson Darrius , Wilkes Charles E.
Published: November 2022

Black youth who reject this belief carry a heavy burden to resist anti-Black attitudes and continue to strive for excellence. As a result of this antagonistic relationship, many Black learners are led to believe that high competence in the areas of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) are beyond their grasp. Such beliefs can lead Black learners to determine that the pursuit of success in STEM is not worthwhile. In our vision for Black Liberatory STEM Spaces, the antagonistic relationship between Blackness and success in STEM is dismantled and the forms of violence that support this association are non-existent. The purpose of this paper is to highlight concrete educational practices that move us toward pedagogy that centers Black joy, creativity, imagination, and liberation within STEM education.
The lipid accumulation product is a powerful tool to diagnose metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in the United States adults
Authors: Li Hejun , Zhang Ying , Luo Hengcong , Lin Rong
Published: November 2022

Background & objectives

Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) are widely used to assess obesity, but they are limited in their ability to distinguish complicated body metabolic situations (fat mass, lean body mass, visceral and subcutaneous fat deposits in the abdomen). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of different anthropometric indices in metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and to identify the best cut-off point for the diagnosis of MAFLD in United States adults.

Methods

A cross-sectional study among 4,195 participants over 18 years old in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–2018 was performed. All patients underwent vibration controlled transient elastography (VCTE). Assess the anthropometric measurements, including BMI, WC, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), cardiometabolic index (CMI), triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, hepatic steatosis index (HSI), lipid accumulation product (LAP), body roundness index (BRI), visceral fat index (VAI), abdominal volume index (AVI), cone index (CI), and body fat index (BAI). Logistic regression analyses were conducted to estimate the impact of these indices, on the odds ratio (OR) values of MAFLD. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed to assess the diagnosing capacity of these anthropometric indices for MAFLD and identify the optimal cut-offs points.

Results

A total of 4,195 (2,069 men and 2,126 women) participants were performed, with 45.4 ± 0.64 (mean ± SD) years old. All anthropometric metrics were positively associated with MAFLD, irrespective of whether it was treated as continuous or categorical variable (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression showed a positive correlation between AVI, HSI, WHtR, BRI, and MAFLD, with significant interaction with gender. ROC curves results showed that LAP had the highest AUC [0.813 (95% CI, 0.800–0.826)], especially in participants aged between 18 and 50 years old. Furthermore, LAP showed the highest ROC in both the training set [0.812 (95% CI, 0.800–0.835)] and the validation set [0.809 (95% CI, 0.791–0.827)].

Conclusions

In the present study, we showed that those anthropometric indices were significantly associated with MAFLD in United States adults. Besides, the association of HSI, BRI, AVI, and WHtR with MAFLD was more obvious in men than in women. LAP may be a sensitive marker for diagnosing MAFLD in U.S. adults.
What are we protecting? An analysis of the current conservation framework addressing Mediterranean mesophotic habitats
Authors: Castellan G. , Abbiati M. , Angeletti L. , Foglini F. , Grande V. , Montagna P. , Taviani M.
Published: November 2022

Mesophotic ecosystems in the Mediterranean Sea are biodiversity hotspots distributed from ca 30 m down to 180 m, depending upon the depth of the light compensation point. Overall, the taxonomic composition of Mediterranean mesophotic ecosystems is dominated by corals and sponges, with subordinate bryozoans, mollusks, ascidians, and shade-adapted algae. As for most marine ecosystems, the mesophotic habitats are increasingly exposed to natural and anthropogenic threats, including seawater-temperature rise, more intense and frequent heat waves, progressive ocean acidification, fishing activities, and littering. The establishment of effective governance guidelines is, therefore, the necessary rationale to guarantee the good environmental status of such widespread, highly diverse, service-provider natural resources. However, an in-depth quantification of the extent to which Mediterranean mesophotic habitats and taxa are included in conservation measures is lacking. In this article, we review the available literature information on mesophotic habitats in the Mediterranean Sea to evaluate the efficiency of the current legislative framework in providing instruments to protect this natural heritage. Our analysis allows identifying gaps in the current conservation network, ultimately suggesting functional integrative actions for effective conservation measures and the long-term survival of the Mediterranean mesophotic ecosystems.
WASH facilities prevalence and determinants: Evidence from 42 developing countries
Authors: Rahut Dil B. , Singh Anjali , Sonobe Tetsushi
Published: November 2022

Improved WASH facilities are crucial for reducing infectious diseases such as diarrhoea, malaria, dengue, and worms, etc. However, a large proportion of households in developing countries lack basic WASH facilities. Therefore, the current paper uses the household data from 733,223 households in fourty two developing countries to explore the prevalence rate of basic WASH facilities. The result shows that access to basic drinking water is much better than access to other WASH facilities, such as basic sanitation and hygiene facilities. However, the prevalence of basic drinking water, basic sanitation, and basic hygiene vary across different regions and countries-low in Africa and South Asia. The multi-level regression model shows that households with better economic status and education and urban households are more likely to use basic WASH facilities. Further, women empowerment and already having one WASH practice are also positively associated with the adoption of other WASH facilities. The policy should aim at improving awareness about the benefit of WASH facilities through education, and it should also subsidize WASH facilities for poor households and those living in rural areas.
Exploring the impacts of China’s water resource tax policies: A trade-off between economic development and ecological protection
Authors: Xin Chunhua , Guo Fengqi , Wang Anqi
Published: November 2022

The reform of water resource tax policies is an important measure in the process of China’s green economic transformation. Therefore, improving the accuracy of tax policy impact prediction is crucial for policymakers to make correct decisions. This study focused on the water resource tax policies composed of water resource tax and water pollution tax. A water computable general equilibrium (WCGE) model extended from the traditional computable general equilibrium model was proposed to simulate the impacts of policy changes and determine the optimal tax rate range. Water self-purification capacity and agricultural subsidies were first considered in water computable general equilibrium, providing a simulation–evaluation method that could support the analysis of policy alternatives from a more realistic perspective. The results indicated that water resource tax and water pollution tax synergistically promote water conservation and water pollution reduction, and the negative impact on the economy when they are raised together is lighter than that when the tax burden is raised alone. The water resource tax not only has the best water-saving effect but also has the greatest negative impact on the economy. Technological progress has the best effect in reducing water pollution and is also conducive to reducing the adverse impact of tax increases on the economy. Taxation can also improve social welfare, and the optimal tax rate level is the combination that water resource tax is 4 Yuan/m3, and the water pollution tax is in the range of 5.6–8.4 Yuan/pollution equivalent. The results demonstrate the positive role of government in environmental governance and provide a scientific basis for policymakers to adjust the direction of policy reform, strengthen the collaborative design of water tax policies, and select the optimal tax rate level. Also, solutions of water computable general equilibrium could provide in-depth analysis of the trade-offs between violation risk and system benefits and generate more reliable results by reproducing actual situations. Moreover, the water computable general equilibrium model constructed in this study is also applicable to analyze other types of policies.
Microheliella maris possesses the most gene-rich mitochondrial genome in Diaphoretickes
Authors: Yazaki Euki , Yabuki Akinori , Nishimura Yuki , Shiratori Takashi , Hashimoto Tetsuo , Inagaki Yuji
Published: November 2022

The mitochondrial genomes are very diverse, but their evolutionary history is unclear due to the lack of efforts to sequence those of protists (unicellular eukaryotes), which cover a major part of the eukaryotic tree. Cryptista comprises cryptophytes, goniomonads, kathablepharids, and Palpitomonas bilix, and their mitochondrial genomes (mt-genomes) are characterized by various gene contents, particularly the presence/absence of an ancestral (bacterial) system for the cytochrome c maturation system. To shed light on mt-genome evolution in Cryptista, we report the complete mt-genome of Microheliella maris, which was recently revealed to branch at the root of Cryptista. The M. maris mt-genome was reconstructed as a circular mapping chromosome of 61.2 kbp with a pair of inverted repeats (12.9 kbp) and appeared to be the most gene-rich among the mt-genomes of the members of Diaphoretickes (a mega-scale eukaryotic assembly including Archaeplastida, Cryptista, Haptista, and SAR) studied so far, carrying 53 protein-coding genes. With this newly sequenced mt-genome, we inferred and discussed the evolution of the mt-genome in Cryptista and Diaphoretickes.
Hydroclimatic changes since the Last Glacial Maximum recorded in mountain peat deposit on the southwestern margin of the Sichuan Basin, China
Authors: Huang Ming , Deng Yunkai , Peng Haijun , Wen Zhenming , Shang Guangchun , Guan Houchun , Ma Chunmei
Published: November 2022

Knowledge of the hydroclimatic changes in Southwest China since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) is crucial for disentangling the long-term evolution of the Asia Monsoon and predicting the future fate of the mountain peat deposit in the Asia Monsoon region. In this study, we obtained a 530-cm-long peat core from the Ganchi wetland in Southwest China and analyzed its geochemical indices, including total nitrogen (TN), total organic carbon (TOC), stable carbon isotope composition of organics (δ13Corg), and the concentration of several major elements, to investigate the sedimentary and hydroclimate evolution since the LGM. We found that the peat strata in the Ganchi wetland have developed gradually from 13.7 cal kyr BP, which is likely ascribed to the warm climate during the Bølling-Allerød (B/A) period. TOC, δ13Corg, K/Ti, and Fe/Mn records showed notable paleoclimate shifts since the last deglaciation. The first warming period after the LGM was observed starting at 18.2 cal kyr BP, which is consistent with other records from Southwest China. The reconstruction results show that the western margin of the Sichuan Basin during the last deglaciation was most affected by the East Asia summer monsoon (EASM), and less affected by the Indian summer monsoon (ISM). The climate of the early Holocene (11.2–7.5 cal kyr BP) was affected by both the ISM and EASM, resulting in more complex local climatic features. The Holocene Megathermal period observed from 7.5 to 3.5 cal kyr BP, is consistent with the timing detected in other records of Southwest China.
Phenological divergence, population connectivity and ecological differentiation in two allochronic seabird populations
Authors: Medrano Fernando , Militão Teresa , Gomes Ivandra , Sardà-Serra Mariona , de la Fuente Mònica , Dinis Herculano A. , González-Solís Jacob
Published: November 2022

Phenological divergence between conspecific populations breeding sympatrically is increasingly recognized as an important evolutionary process that may lead to allochronic speciation. However, the extent to which adaptation to differences in the timing of breeding may contribute to this process remains unclear. In this study, we assessed breeding phenology, population connectivity, and niche differentiation of two allochronic populations we of the Cape Verde Storm-petrel (Hydrobates jabejabe). We monitored nesting activity, marked individuals, tracked individuals during both the breeding and nonbreeding periods, and determined the trophic niche during both the breeding and nonbreeding periods. Timing of breeding for the two allochronic populations segregated into a hot (March-August) and cool (September-February) season (hereafter, hot and cool populations). These periods matched the two annual pulses of oceanic productivity around Cabo Verde, suggesting allochrony was primarily driven by a biannual cyclicity in food availability. Despite their allochronic breeding, there was, however, low differentiation between the hot and cool populations in spatial use, daily activity patterns, and trophic niche during both the breeding and nonbreeding periods. Further, the exchange of breeders between seasons, as documented through the recapture of marked individuals, may hinder seasonal adaptation by each population and ultimately, allochronic speciation. Consequently, allochrony alone may not be sufficient to drive speciation unless reproductive isolation between populations is complete or populations become strongly adapted to the environmental conditions associated with their timing of breeding.
The energy release rate of crack growth in an irradiation-induced thermo-diffusion-mechanical (I-TDM) coupling system
Authors: Dong Yingxuan , Zhou Yi , Tang Changbin , Lu Huaiyu , Zuo Hong
Published: November 2022

The material cracking behavior in the reactor is generated under the irradiation effect accompanied by thermal expansion, fission product diffusion, and mechanical load. In this study, the energy release rate for crack growth under irradiation has been deduced synthetically according to the thermodynamically consistent method and numerically implemented by the finite element method (FEM). Variation in the total energy was obtained based on the principle of minimum potential energy in which the dissipative behavior can be characterized by fission energy, irreversible heat flow, and diffusion of fission products. Through calculating the variation in the total energy with respect to crack length, the energy release rate for crack propagation was analytically represented. Additionally, the total energy release rate for deflective cracks was also derived to predict the crack kinking. Furthermore, the numerical implementation of the presented model was performed by FEM and the equivalent domain integral method. Effects of irradiation on the physical fields and the energy release rate near the crack tip were investigated and analyzed in such a complex I-TDM coupling system. This study can be developed to investigate fracture problems, assess structural integrity, and evaluate material strength of irradiated materials.
Incidence, risk factors and outcomes of acute kidney injury among COVID-19 patients: A systematic review of systematic reviews
Authors: Mallhi Tauqeer Hussain , Khan Yusra Habib , Alzarea Abdulaziz Ibrahim , Khan Faiz Ullah , Alotaibi Nasser Hadal , Alanazi Abdullah Salah , Butt Muhammad Hammad , Alatawi Ahmed D. , Salman Muhammad , Alzarea Sami I. , Almalki Ziyad Saeed , Alghazi Mansoor A. , Algarni Majed Ahmed
Published: November 2022

The COVID-19 associated acute kidney injury (CAKI) has emerged as a potential intricacy during the management of patients. Navigating the rapidly growing body of scientific literature on CAKI is challenging, and ongoing critical appraisal of this complication is essential. This study aimed to summarize and critically appraise the systematic reviews (SRs) on CAKI to inform the healthcare providers about its prevalence, risk factors and outcomes. All the SRs were searched in major databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science) from inception date to December 2021. This study followed SR of SRs methodology, all the records were screened, extracted and subjected to quality assessment by assessing the methodological quality of systematic reviews (AMSTAR-2). The extracted data were qualitatively synthesized and tabulated. This review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022299444). Of 3,833 records identified; 42 SRs were included in this overview. The quality appraisal of the studies showed that 17 SRs were of low quality, while 8 moderate and 17 were of high-quality SRs. The incidence of CAKI ranged from 4.3% to 36.4% in overall COVID-19 patients, 36%–50% in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs), and up to 53% in severe or critical illness. Old age, male gender, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus and hypertension were frequently reported risk factors of CAKI. The need of renal replacement therapy (RRT) was up to 26.4% in overall COVID-19 patients, and 39% among those having CAKI. The occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) was found independent predictor of death, where mortality rate among CAKI patients ranged from 50% to 93%. This overview of SRs underscores that CAKI occurs frequently among COVID-19 patients and associated with high mortality, need of RRT and adverse outcomes. However, the confidence of these results is moderate to low which warrants the need of more SRs having established methodological standards.

Systematic review registration

[https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=299444], identifier [CRD42022299444].
Interleukin-37: A Link Between COVID-19, Diabetes, and the Black Fungus
Authors: Tokajian Sima , Merhi Georgi , Al Khoury Charbel , Nemer Georges
Published: November 2022

Graphical Abstract
iProm-phage: A two-layer model to identify phage promoters and their types using a convolutional neural network
Authors: Shujaat Muhammad , Jin Joe Sung , Tayara Hilal , Chong Kil To
Published: November 2022

The increased interest in phages as antibacterial agents has resulted in a rise in the number of sequenced phage genomes, necessitating the development of user-friendly bioinformatics tools for genome annotation. A promoter is a DNA sequence that is used in the annotation of phage genomes. In this study we proposed a two layer model called “iProm-phage” for the prediction and classification of phage promoters. Model first layer identify query sequence as promoter or non-promoter and if the query sequence is predicted as promoter then model second layer classify it as phage or host promoter. Furthermore, rather than using non-coding regions of the genome as a negative set, we created a more challenging negative dataset using promoter sequences. The presented approach improves discrimination while decreasing the frequency of erroneous positive predictions. For feature selection, we investigated 10 distinct feature encoding approaches and utilized them with several machine-learning algorithms and a 1-D convolutional neural network model. We discovered that the one-hot encoding approach and the CNN model outperformed based on performance metrics. Based on the results of the 5-fold cross validation, the proposed predictor has a high potential. Furthermore, to make it easier for other experimental scientists to obtain the results they require, we set up a freely accessible and user-friendly web server at http://nsclbio.jbnu.ac.kr/tools/iProm-phage/.
Culturable endophytic fungal assemblages from Styrax sumatrana and Stryax benzoin and their potential as antifungal, antioxidant, and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory resources
Authors: Elfiati Deni , Faulina Sarah Asih , Rahayu Laras Murni , Aryanto Aryanto , Dewi Rizna Triana , Rachmat Henti Hendalastuti , Turjaman Maman , Royyani Mohammad Fathi , Susilowati Arida , Hidayat Asep
Published: November 2022

Benzoin resin, produced by the native Indonesian treesStyrax sumatranaandStyrax benzoin, has been incorporated into medical practices to treat wounds, erythema, and many other conditions for centuries. Endophytic fungi that reside within medicinal plants have antimicrobial, antioxidant, and α-glucosidase inhibitory capacities, contributing to plant health and derivative products. In this study, we determined the antifungal, antioxidant, and α-glucosidase inhibitory capacities of endophytic fungal isolates from three different tissues (leaves, bark, and stems) ofS. sumatranaandS. benzointrees. The genera of fungal isolates were determined by phylogenetic analysis of internal transcribed spacer sequences. A total of 58 fungal isolates were classified into 15 different fungal genera from eight taxonomic orders—Hypocreales, Botryosphaeriales, Glomerellales, Diaphortales, Pleosporales, Eurotiales, Xylariales, and Mucorales—with a pattern of host species specificity. Among these isolates,Trichodermasp. 6407 consistently exhibited high inhibition of the growth of plant pathogensFusariumsp.,Trichoderma viride, andAspergillus niger. With respect to antioxidant activity,Phyllostictasp. 6454 consistently showed 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl inhibition (37.59 ± 0.05%), 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid)-based antioxidant activity (25.04 ± 0.27 mgTE/g), and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (52.15 ± 10.08%).Neopestalotiopsissp. 6431 was notably potent in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl inhibition (49.65 ± 0.80%), ferric reducing antioxidant power-based antioxidant activity (197.49 ± 8.65 mgTE/g), and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (52.88 ± 4.93%). This study revealed thatTrichodermasp. 6407,Phyllostictasp. 6454, andNeopestalotiopsissp. 6431 exhibited antifungal, antioxidant, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities.
The GPCR properties of polycystin-1- A new paradigm
Authors: Maser Robin L. , Calvet James P. , Parnell Stephen C.
Published: November 2022

Polycystin-1 (PC1) is an 11-transmembrane (TM) domain-containing protein encoded by the PKD1 gene, the most frequently mutated gene leading to autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). This large (> 462 kDal) protein has a complex posttranslational maturation process, with over five proteolytic cleavages having been described, and is found at multiple cellular locations. The initial description of the binding and activation of heterotrimeric Gαi/o by the juxtamembrane region of the PC1 cytosolic C-terminal tail (C-tail) more than 20 years ago opened the door to investigations, and controversies, into PC1’s potential function as a novel G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR). Subsequent biochemical and cellular-based assays supported an ability of the PC1 C-tail to bind numerous members of the Gα protein family and to either inhibit or activate G protein-dependent pathways involved in the regulation of ion channel activity, transcription factor activation, and apoptosis. More recent work has demonstrated an essential role for PC1-mediated G protein regulation in preventing kidney cyst development; however, the mechanisms by which PC1 regulates G protein activity continue to be discovered. Similarities between PC1 and the adhesion class of 7-TM GPCRs, most notably a conserved GPCR proteolysis site (GPS) before the first TM domain, which undergoes autocatalyzed proteolytic cleavage, suggest potential mechanisms for PC1-mediated regulation of G protein signaling. This article reviews the evidence supporting GPCR-like functions of PC1 and their relevance to cystic disease, discusses the involvement of GPS cleavage and potential ligands in regulating PC1 GPCR function, and explores potential connections between PC1 GPCR-like activity and regulation of the channel properties of the polycystin receptor-channel complex.