bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Clustering Water Utilities on Water Service Delivery Case Study in Iringa Water Supply and Sanitation Authority (Iruwasa)
Authors: Mwago Baraka , Nzali Agness , Ruheza Sosthenes
Published: December 2024

Reliable and high-quality water service provision is essential for public health, economic growth, and environmental sustainability. However, urban and peri-urban water utilities face significant challenges, including inefficiencies, fragmented service delivery, and limited capacity. This study explores the effectiveness of clustering water utilities in enhancing service delivery, focusing on the Iringa Water Supply and Sanitation Authority (IRUWASA) in Tanzania. Although clustering has been proposed as a solution, empirical evidence on its impact, particularly on institutional capacity, water quality, and customer satisfaction, remains limited. The objective of this study is to evaluate how clustering can improve water service delivery by analyzing operational data, governance structures, and customer feedback within IRUWASA’s expanded service areas. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected from IRUWASA staff, community leaders, and service users to measure performance metrics such as operational efficiency, cost recovery, and customer satisfaction. Findings indicate that clustering has contributed to operational improvements, expanded service coverage, and better water quality. However, financial sustainability remains a concern, as revenues from the newly clustered zones do not fully meet the operation and maintenance costs. The study recommends additional strategies, including targeted subsidies and capacity-building initiatives, to support the long-term success of clustering. The research provides practical insights for policymakers and water utility managers, suggesting that while clustering can enhance service delivery, complementary measures are necessary to sustain its benefits. These findings contribute to the broader field of urban water management and provide a basis for further exploration of clustering as a model for water utility reform.
OPENVPN E SUA APLICAÇÃO EM AMBIENTE EMPRESARIAL
Authors: Marcelo Gervasio Fernandes Paulo , Soares de Oliveira Edimar
Published: December 2024

Virtual Private Networks are essential to ensure secure communication on public networks. This study presents explanations of the security protocols used in VPNs and their application in network environments. Initially, the document defines VPNs and their relevance in protecting data transmission on vulnerable networks. Next, the evolution of this technology is explored, focusing on the evolution of traditional IPSec and SSL/TLS protocols to more current versions. VPN security protocols are evaluated, analyzing IPSec, SSL/TLS, SHA-256 considering their security characteristics, performance and suitability for different scenarios. Furthermore, the applications of VPNs in current contexts are discussed, including remote access and connectivity between branches. The study also addresses the challenges and considerations in the process of deploying and managing VPNs in complex networks. Finally, the importance of VPNs is highlighted to ensure secure communications in current infrastructures.
Reverse Logistics Practices and Organizational Performance. The Moderating Role of Organizational Learning Capabilities
Authors: Issah Ofori , Agboyi Makafui R. , Hanson Obiri Yeboah , Adarkwa Alvin Kweku
Published: December 2024

Purpose: The study assessed the influence of reverse logistics on organizational performance. The study also assessed the moderating effect of organizational learning capabilities on the relationship between reverse logistics and organizational performance
Methodology: The research design for this study was a single cross-sectional survey where a quantitative approach was adopted. Convenience sampling was utilized to select participants 215 for the study due to its practicality and accessibility.
Findings: Findings of the study concluded that reverse logistics has a positive and significant influence on organizational performance. Findings of the study also concluded that organizational learning capabilities positively and significantly moderate the relationship between reverse logistics and organizational performance.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The study recommends that organizations foster an organizational culture where employees are encouraged to ask questions, seek out new knowledge, and experiment with new ideas; implement recognition and reward systems that celebrate learning and innovation; and develop centralized repositories where employees can store and access organizational knowledge, including best practices, project learnings, and research findings.
THE EFFECT OF TECHNOLOGICAL CAPITAL DISCLOSURE ON MANUFACTURING COMPANIES EMPLOYEES
Authors: Chintya Wangsih Ingkak , Pane Zulfikar Ikhsan
Published: December 2024

Technological transformation is mandatory for companies sustainability, but unfortunately it has potential negative impact on employees. This research examines the impact of technological capital disclosure on the number of employees and salary expenditure by expansive test. Using secondary data of 366 observations and 371 observations of expansive test with manufacturing industrial companies in 2015 - 2020, it was found that technological capital had a significant negative impact on the number of employees and salaries expenditure2. These results show highly technology used and the presence of directors with technical/technology education backgrounds can reduce number of employees and salary costs. For this reason, research contribution is additional consideration for companies director when investing in technology so the benefits are equally received by companies and employees, for example through technology training and similar development of human resources.
Variabilidad de la comunidad de poliquetos en un periodo de 24 años en la playa El Agallito, península de Azuero, Panamá
Authors: Samaniego Cinthia , Gómez Juan Antonio , Goti Italo
Published: December 2024

Los poliquetos como componentes básicos de la red trófica bentónica marina, ingenieros del ecosistema, indicadores de contaminación ambiental, además del generalizado uso en proyectos acuícolas animan al estudio de la variabilidad de estos grupos en el tiempo.  Para determinar posibles cambios de la población de poliquetos en la playa El Agallito, Panamá, se realizó la comparación de la densidad, diversidad y estructura de la población entre los meses de marzo y julio de los años 1997, 1999 y 2021, mediante muestras tomadas en tres estaciones, con nucleador de 17 cm de diámetro, introducidos 15 cm en el sedimento.   La curva de rarefacción fue mayor en 1997, la densidad fluctuó entre 1 423,02 ind/m2 y 5 773,95 ind/m2 durante el estudio.  Las diferencias entre períodos no se relacionan con la granulometría, ni con la amplitud de la marea, sin embargo, se muestran variaciones ante los fenómenos de El Niño y La Niña y la intensidad de estos.
Explorations in the proto-metaverse: EFL learners’ experiences and perceptions of immersive virtual reality for language learning
Authors: Dizon Gilbert , Tang Daniel
Published: December 2024

Some people believe that immersive virtual reality (VR) and, by extension, the metaverse, will become integral parts of daily life. There have also been suggestions that the metaverse could become a virtual world where language learners have alternate identities as second language (L2) speakers. Considering the potential implications of immersive VR and the metaverse on L2 learning, the aims of this study were twofold: (1) to understand the types of interactional acts L2 learners use in immersive VR when communicating with others in the target language and (2) to evaluate their perceptions toward L2 interaction in immersive VR. Four L2 English learners at a Japanese university participated in the study. Each participant interacted with others through VRChat, a popular social VR platform that has been described as a proto-metaverse. Interactions in VRChat were video recorded and analysed using interactional framework (Benson 2015a, 2015b). Semi-structured interview data was also collected following the participants’ interactions in VRChat. Findings from the study revealed that the learners used a variety of interactional acts when communicating with others in VRChat. Results also showed that the participants had largely favourable perceptions of L2 interaction in the proto-metaverse. That is, while negative interactions and physical discomfort were potential issues, the English learners believed the virtual environment promoted authentic language learning and learner autonomy.
Training English Word Stress Perception and Production with Technology
Authors: Ivanova Marina
Published: December 2024

Word stress is frequently afforded secondary importance in English teaching as stress placement rules are complex and because stress can be learnt along with each new word. However, training learners to pay more attention to word stress cues can support them in predicting the stress patterns of new vocabulary. Also, for speakers of fixed stress languages, perceiving and producing word stress can be more challenging, as they are accustomed to fixed stress patterns and weak acoustic stress cues. Moreover, even though L1 English speakers largely cue stress segmentally through vowel quality, speakers of languages which do not feature vowel reduction find it difficult to use this cue in stress perception and production. New methods such as High-Variability Phonetic Training (HVPT) and certain mobile learning tools have been found to benefit foreign language acquisition. These approaches have the potential to help learners master English word stress, yet most available tools focus on vowels and consonants rather than stress perception and production. This article, therefore, reviews methods for word stress teaching, both with and without technology, and presents a mock-up of a HVPT tool that focuses on both segmentals and suprasegmentals.
Diversity of Pteridophytes in Different Vegetation Types of Mount Musuan, Bukidnon, Philippines
Authors: CORITICO Fulgent P. , ORIAS Pamela Joy F. , ADLAON Ivy C. , NOBLEZA Joevina C. , AMOROSO Victor B.
Published: December 2024

Two 20 m × 20 m plots were established per vegetation type—Natural Forest, Mixed/Biro, Thailand Shower, and Teak which recorded 38 pteridophyte species, from 28 genera, and 18 families. Highest diversity index was recorded in Mixed/Biro vegetation (H’=1.18), followed by Teak vegetation (H’=1.006), Thailand Shower (H’=0.886), and Natural Forest (H’=0.85). Pteridaceae had the highest number of species (6), Thelypteridaceae (4), Nephrolepidaceae (3) and Lygodiaceae (3). Sphaeropteris glauca is an endangered species and a new record for Mount Musuan, and Angiopteris evecta as other threatened species. The presence of these species highlights the importance of botanical exploration in Mount Musuan as well as the need for conservation management to protect its remaining biodiversity.
A Comparative Analysis of Class Imbalance Handling Techniques for Deep Models in the Detection of Anomalies in Energy Consumption
Authors: Marangu David Kaimenyi , Njenga Stephen Thiiru , Ndung’u Rachael Njeri
Published: December 2024

Detecting anomalies in energy consumption is critical for efficient energy management, fault detection, and sustainability. However, the challenge of class imbalance, where normal consumption data vastly outweighs anomalous instances, presents significant difficulties in building accurate predictive models. This paper conducts a comparative analysis of class imbalance handling techniques for deep models in detecting anomalies in energy consumption data. Specifically, controlled experiments are used to evaluate the performance of deep learning models, such as convolution neural networks (CNN), long short-term memory (LSTM) and BiLSTM deep algorithms as well as synthetic data generation (SMOTE), costsensitive learning, and generative adversarial networks (GAN) tailored to address the imbalance issue. Through a comprehensive empirical study using a real-world energy dataset, we assess the models' effectiveness based on area under the curve (AUC), precision, recall, F1-score, and their ability to generalize across different levels of imbalance. This research contributes to improving model selection for practitioners facing the class imbalance challenge in the energy sector.
Fuzzy Logic-Driven Natural Language Processing in Pharma Supply Chain Analytics
Authors: Choudhury Abhik
Published: December 2024

Fuzzy logic offers a method for handling uncertainty and imprecision, proving valuable in natural language processing (NLP). Fuzzy search, a key component, enhances search functionality by permitting approximate matches. This study examines the application of fuzzy search techniques in wholesale pharmaceutical distribution, where data retrieval accuracy is crucial for public health and safety. We present two case studies, each showcasing specific fuzzy search methods designed to overcome unique data retrieval challenges. A Python implementation demonstrates the practical application of these techniques to enhance search accuracy and efficiency in large pharmaceutical datasets. Our results highlight fuzzy logic's potential to revolutionize information retrieval systems. By offering practical insights and technical guidance, this research aims to enable pharmaceutical industry stakeholders to effectively implement fuzzy search techniques, leading to improved data management and decision-making processes.
Generative AI Ethics: a Comprehensive Safety and Regulation Framework
Authors: Thirunagalingam Arun kumar
Published: December 2024

The quick development of generative AI technology has brought about revolutionary new possibilities for decision-making, design, and content production. But these developments have also raised serious ethical questions, emphasizing the need for an all-encompassing framework to guarantee the security and control of generative AI systems. To address the ethical issues raised by generative AI, this study puts forth a paradigm that centers on the concepts of accountability, transparency, and governance. Strategies for reducing the dangers associated with AI-generated content are provided by this paper through an analysis of the present regulatory frameworks and the identification of gaps. The framework that is being suggested supports a multi-stakeholder approach that incorporates technical, legal, and ethical viewpoints to establish a well-rounded and efficient regulatory framework. The discussion of research directions for the future and the significance of continuing discourse to maintain AI technologies in line with social ideals finishes the article.
Acerca del concepto de calidad de vida
Authors: González Castro María José
Published: December 2024

N/A
‘Never again’? Resonances of the past in contemporary Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander child removal
Authors: Payne Anne Maree
Published: December 2024

Kevin Rudd’s 2007 Apology to Australia’s Indigenous Peoples acknowledged the devastating impact of child removal on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander families and communities and included a commitment that ‘the injustices of the past must never, never happen again’ (Parliament of Australia 2008). Today however, while First Nations children comprise 6% of the total child population in Australia, they make up 41% of children in out-of-home care (SNAICC 2024b). This article explores the history of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander child removal during the Stolen Generations era, considering the ongoing impacts of this history on First Nations families today. While there have been changes, I identify significant continuities between past and contemporary child removal. These disturbing resonances of the past highlight the failed promise of Australian governments to deliver meaningful change in contemporary First Nations child removal policies and practices and to ensure that the mistakes of the past are not being repeated.
Mobility and the Importance of Bone and Bulb Retouchers in the Middle Palaeolithic of the Swabian Jura
Authors: Centi Laura , Conard Nicholas J.
Published: December 2024

Modifying the form of lithic artifacts through retouch represents a central technological feature of the Middle Palaeolithic, and retouchers made of a variety of materials appear frequently in the archaeological record. Bone and bulb retouchers are the most common types. The first, are often described as ad hoc tools with short use-lives, while researchers have tentatively iden-tified the second as curated artifacts included in the mobile toolkit. Here we present two bulb retouchers from the Middle Palaeolithic layers VIII/VII of Sirgenstein Cave in the Ach Valley of the Swabian Jura, and discuss their general characteristics together with bone retouchers re-covered from the same archaeological layers. The data on bone and bulb retouchers from Sir-genstein support the proposed complementary uses of the two types of retouchers. We suggest that the intrinsic properties of bone and flint, together with other aspects specific to the chaînes operatoires of these two materials, played a major role in determining the retouchers’ suitability within toolkits, and can help to explain the high variability in retouching techniques encountered in the Middle Palaeolithic record. Based on these considerations, our study highlights the im-portance of the organization of technology and the potential of retouchers for reconstructing past mobility and settlement dynamics.
Análisis morfológico de discursos orales en quechua de los estudiantes bilingües de la UNSAAC
Authors: Alatrista Camposano Flor María , Castañeda Chávez Alexander
Published: December 2024

El presente trabajo de investigación está enfocado en conocer el aspecto morfológico de la producción de textos orales de estudiantes bilingües de la Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco. Tiene como objetivo analizar la estructura de cada una de las palabras que conforman la oración y determinar los sufijos utilizados tanto nominales como verbales.  En primer lugar, se plantea el problema central que tiene que ver con el uso de las palabras y su composición en el idioma quechua. Este idioma es sufijante, que consta de raíces, partículas y sufijos que se subdividen en dos grandes grupos: los dependientes (nominales y verbales) y los independientes. Para una mejor comprensión de estos sufijos, se tiene un resumen de los sufijos dependientes e independientes que los estudiantes usan con más frecuencia. Finalmente, la investigación es cuantitativa ya que, en los resultados, se presenta de manera detallada las frecuencias de los sufijos en cuanto a su uso.
O ensino da competência lexical pelo gênero videoaula de língua portuguesa
Authors: Almeida Beatriz Farias , Neves Herbertt
Published: December 2024

A presente pesquisa buscou investigar como a competência lexical é contemplada em videoaulas de língua portuguesa. Caracteriza-se, portanto, como sendo aplicada, documental e descritivo-explicativa. A análise do corpus em questão pautou-se nas contribuições teóricas de Antunes (2012), Travaglia (2016), Correia (2010) e Bezerra e Reinaldo (2020). No que tange aos resultados obtidos, identificamos os objetos de conhecimento sentidos das palavras, sinonímia, substituição lexical, adequação vocabular, sentido conotativo e denotativo, ortografia, formação de palavras e classes de palavras. Por fim, concernente às perspectivas de análise linguística, verificamos que as ocorrências estão alinhadas às noções conciliadora e conservadora.
A construção do humor em memes sobre Edgar Allan Poe
Authors: Lima Leonardo Jovelino Almeida de
Published: December 2024

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo identificar como ocorre a construção do humor em dois memes voltados para o escritor norte-americano Edgar Allan Poe. Para o alcance do mencionado objetivo, e tendo em vista as características estruturantes e multimodais dos memes escolhidos, seguimos por uma abordagem qualitativa e interpretativista, de natureza básica e descritiva, articulando a Teoria da Incongruência do humor com fundamentações da Linguística Cognitiva. As análises demonstraram que o humor, nos memes selecionados, emerge de incongruências geradas, sendo motivadas, principalmente, pelo acionamento de metáforas (ontológicas, monomodal pictórica e multimodal) e metonímias conceptuais.
Sentidos de trabalho reprodutivo: mães na pandemia e o funcionamento do pré-construído
Authors: Tejada Bruna Vitória , Vinhas Luciana Iost
Published: December 2024

Esta pesquisa, a partir dos pressupostos da Análise de Discurso Materialista e da Teoria da Reprodução Social, lança um olhar para os efeitos do momento pandêmico em sujeitos identificados como mulheres no que concerne às suas relações com o trabalho reprodutivo. Empreendemos nosso gesto de interpretação tendo como materialidade um episódio de podcast publicado nas plataformas on-line em abril de 2021. A partir das noções de pré-construído (Pêcheux, 1997) e de excesso (Ernst, 2009), pudemos observar os efeitos do trabalho reprodutivo no processo de subjetivação das mulheres, mobilizando a discussão acerca da relação entre trabalho e processo de interpelação ideológica.
Quilombo Mercês
Authors: Silva Jackson Antonio Lopes da , Araújo Yohanna Raíres Barbosa de Freitas Alves
Published: December 2024

Este presente relato de experiência tem como ênfase de estudo a análise mediante os aspectos advindos do Quilombo da Ilha de Mercês, território pertencente a uma comunidade de subsistência remanescente de quilombo. Ao longo da descrição da elaboração deste relato, temos o objetivo de evidenciar a caracterização histórico espacial, onde relataremos previamente um pouco sobre a questão do espaço a qual estão constituídos, suas lutas e conquistas. Em diante, transcrevemos a análise em torno da apresentação analitica descritiva, apresentada em primeira mão mediante a oralidade dos moradores do quilombo, que nos denotam e nos expõem sua vivência enquanto comunidade de subsistência, exposto por intermédio de seus diálogos a luta e resistência diante os avanços do sistema econômico capitalista na tentativa de conquistar o espaço herdado pelo povo quilombola, por intermédio de suas práticas de acumulação de capital na extração dos bens naturais incididos no ecossistema estuarino que se encontra conservado, abrigando uma grande biodiversidade marinha, ademais comportando respectivamente a cultura e a etnicidade do Quilombo Mercês.
Architecture and morphometry of Grevillea robusta A. Cunn. ex R. Br., a forest species with ornamental importance in peri-urban areas
Authors: Montoya-Reyes Francisco , Valdez-Hernández Juan I. , Trujillo-Martínez Héctor A. , García-Osorio María T. , Beltrán-Rodríguez Leonardo A.
Published: December 2024

Introducción. Grevillea robusta es una especie forestal ornamental de arquitectura arbórea distintiva con ramas que crean un dosel abierto y espacioso, haciéndola atractiva para reforestación urbana y periurbana.Objetivo. Describir el modelo arquitectónico de G. robusta y analizar su morfometría en cinco categorías diamétricas.Materiales y métodos. El estudio se realizó en zonas periurbanas del municipio de Texcoco, Estado de México. Se evaluaron 14 atributos dasométricos de 31 individuos clasificados en cinco categorías diamétricas para identificar el modelo arquitectónico. Se aplicó un análisis de varianza para detectar diferencias significativas entre categorías diamétricas y una prueba t de Student para comparar los modelos arquitectónicos definidos. La relación entre diámetro normal, altura total y cobertura de copa se determinó mediante regresión lineal y no lineal.Resultados y discusión. G. robusta se ajustó al modelo Stone para categorías diamétricas pequeñas (7.5 cm–12.49 cm, 12.5 cm–17.49 cm, 17.5 cm–22.49 cm) y al modelo Attims en las categorías mayores (17.5 cm–22.49 cm, 22.5 cm–27.49 cm y 27.5 cm–32.49 cm). Los atributos altura total, altura de copa, longitud de ramas de tercer orden y longitud de lámina y de base de la hoja variaron significativamente (p = 0.05) entre categorías diamétricas. El modelo Hossfeld IV describió adecuadamente la relación entre diámetro normal y altura total, mientras que la regresión lineal resultó adecuada para diámetro normal y cobertura de copa.Conclusión. La categoría diamétrica modifica los atributos morfométricos y la arquitectura de G. robusta. Los resultados son relevantes para la planificación y utilización de la especie en espacios urbanos y periurbanos
Analisis Strategis Penerjemahan Isim Tafdhil
Authors: Siti Nafilatul Munawwaroh  , Mohammad Nu’man
Published: December 2024

This research aims so that people can easily find out about the translation of Isim Tafdhil. This research takes the form of a literature review, using a qualitative approach. This research explains the study of nahwu science, namely the translation of isim tafdhil. The method used by researchers to collect data is by reading literature regarding the translation of isim tafdhil from various sources. So here it can be concluded that translation means: (1) Studying the lexicon, grammatical structure, communication situation and context of the source language. (2) Translation is an effort to 'replace' the source language text with equivalent text in the target language. (3) Analyzing the source language text to find its meaning, and (4) Re-expressing the same meaning using lexicon and grammatical structures that are appropriate in the target language and its cultural context. For Isim tafdhil itself is isim musytaq which means "more" with the wazan pattern أَفْعَلُ for mudzakar and فُعْلَى for muannats. Mufadhal is located before isim tafdhil while after isim tafdhil it is called mufadhal 'alaih.
O PAPEL DO PROFESSOR COMO FACILITADOR NO ENSINO DIGITAL
Authors: Lira Dynéa Reis Valle , Gomes Dinamar de Oliveira dos Santos , Parente Ednei Pereira , Martin Giuliano de , Ribeiro Gleick Cruz , Pinheiro Igor Martins , Dourado Junior Jesuino Ferreira , Felicio Marioney Luiz
Published: December 2024

Este capítulo abordou a questão de como a geração digital influenciou o percurso escolar e os impactos dessa mudança para os professores e suas práticas pedagógicas. O objetivo foi analisar as possibilidades e os impactos da presença das tecnologias digitais no contexto educacional, com foco no papel dos educadores e nas transformações nas práticas pedagógicas. A metodologia utilizada foi bibliográfica, com análise de obras acadêmicas, artigos e estudos sobre o uso das tecnologias na educação, a geração digital e as implicações para a prática pedagógica. O desenvolvimento do trabalho evidenciou que a adaptação dos professores às tecnologias exige uma formação contínua e uma compreensão das implicações cognitivas dessas ferramentas no processo de aprendizagem. A pesquisa mostrou que, apesar dos desafios, as tecnologias digitais podem enriquecer o ensino, tornando-o dinâmico e alinhado com as necessidades dos alunos. Contudo, o papel do professor como mediador do conhecimento se mantém central, e o uso das tecnologias deve ser equilibrado com métodos tradicionais de ensino. As considerações finais indicaram que, embora o estudo tenha contribuído para a compreensão dos impactos das tecnologias, outros estudos são necessários para aprofundar a análise sobre os efeitos específicos de diferentes tecnologias no aprendizado e na formação dos educadores.
Perikatan atau Persetujuan dan Jaminan terkait Kearifan Lokal Tentang Budaya Matamusan di Kabupaten Malaka
Authors: Faustino Paskalis Gles Natel  , Ledythria Fernanda Maia  , Antonius Dolu Fransiskus Andi Tan  , Castyelo Yohanes A. Sogen  , Claudio Xaverius Oematan  , Yohanes Bendito Mitang
Published: December 2024

Malaka is one of the districts in Indonesia. The people of Malaka Regency generally adhere to a matrilineal marriage system. The method used in this research is an empirical method. The traditional matrilineal marriage legal system only exists in two districts, namely Malaka District and Ngada District. Each customary marriage legal system has its own unique character. Mata Musan is a hereditary custom passed down from generation to generation. The Mata Musan tradition itself has many positive values ​​that can be taken away by today's generation.
Sistem IJON Sebagai Bentuk Kearifan Lokal Dalam Sistem Perikatan Di Desa Colol, Kec. Lambaleda Kab. Manggarai Timur
Authors: Laura Berenika Apriliani Tija  , Genoveva Sumanti  , Renita Sepriani R. Lepuan  , Delfiana Bani  , Laurensius Kaba Dami  , Elias Bertolomeus Neu Roga  , Stefanus Don Rade
Published: December 2024

One of the local wisdom in Manggarai that relates to agreement or engagement is the ijon system. Basically, the ijon system is asystem of agreement or trade ia an item that arises in the community that is not clear about the goods or thre results that will be obtained. The method that is appropriate or has relationship with the material that we will discuss, namely the descriptive research method. Descriptive research method is research that aims to describe something is acertain area and at a certain time. Usually in this reseach the research already gets or already has a picture in the form of initial data about the problem to be studied. Buying and selling coffee with a bond system is not made in writing but is only confirmed by the buyer’s deposit receipt. In the practice of the coffee bond system in Colol village, two parties are involved, namely: 1. Coffee Farmers 2. Ijon Buyers/Middlemen to solve any problems related to the bond system in their Village, can use several alternatives and step taken by Colol villagers if a problem occur, namely: 1. Done in a family way 2. Done at the village office 3. Done in court.
Kedudukan Anak Perempuan Dalam Pembagian Waris Suku Batak Toba Ditinjau Dari Hukum Adat
Authors: Nadia Prasista Maharani  , Achmad Arifai Sidik
Published: December 2024

The country of Indonesia consists of various islands so it has many kinds of tribes and customs within it. Customary law in Indonesia was born from customary needs that arise from within society. Without realizing it, customary law is able to provide answers to all the problems that exist in everyday life. The implementation of existing laws in Indonesia has never been separated from the current existence of customary law. One of the traditional tribes that applies customary law habits is the Batak tribe, especially in terms of the traditional inheritance distribution system. The traditional inheritance system in the Batak region is patrilineal inheritance where children will inherit from their father provided that the son will receive the inheritance, so that daughters are considered to have no rights to inheritance. The inequality felt by girls creates conflict in the surrounding community so that customary law is considered not fully applicable.
Perlindungan Hukum Konflik Batas Wilayah Sipadan Dan Ligitan Dalam Hukum Internasional
Authors: Seri Mughni Sulubara  , Oni Tri Asri  , Maulida Maulida  , Sinta Amelia  , Hasma Yanti  , Namira Simah Bengi  , Maula fitri  , Zikri Yandi  , M Fizza Anggara  , Diana Juwita  , Fachrul Razi  , Niswatul Khaira  , Laya Shafura  , Nurkhalisah Nurkhalisah
Published: December 2024

The dispute between Indonesia and Malaysia over the islands of Sipadan and Ligitan continued throughout the years until 1997. The issue of Sipadan and Ligitan islands was resolved by international law through the International Court of Justice. The two islands located in the middle of Indonesia, precisely in the Makassar Strait, were finally won by the Malaysian side on December 17, 2002. The theory used in this research is the theory of legal protection. The theory of legal protection is very relevant to the research made here, because there is a need for legal protection regarding territorial boundaries in the territorial sovereignty of the State of Indonesia. The research method used regarding international legal protection of the Sipadan-Ligitan island dispute is carried out by means of qualitative descriptive research. The technique or instrument of data collection used is library research by studying various books as literature, official documents, laws and regulations, results of previous research, and other literature sources related to the problems studied. The decision of the international court on December 17, 2002 in its decision gave sovereignty over the islands of Sipadan and Ligitan to Malaysia, the international court declared Malaysia as the most entitled party to the two islands based on three main statements that were used as the basis for claims by both countries.
Peranan Perjanjian Matunu Tedong Dalam Acara Adat Rambu Solo Di Tana Toraja
Authors: Crameraldo Anugerah Putra Openg  , Melani Anastasia Wijono  , Stefanus Don Rade
Published: December 2024

Reflecting aspects of local wisdom, such as social values, culture or customs recognized by the local Tana Toraja community. Toraja is an area that has many very unique cultural traditions. One of them is the mantunu tedong ritual, which can be said to be one of the rituals that native Toraja people are certainly proud of. By using normative research methods that focus on research that uses legal sources, statutory regulations, local regional regulations, and legal theory and legal documents relating to wisdom in completing the Matunu Tedong agreement which occurred during the Rambu Solo event in Tana Toraja, South Sulawesi regarding the agreement in the Matunu Tedong event which is one of a series of customs in the Rambu Solo event. In completing this agreement, the Tana Toraja people have methods in accordance with customs and cultural heritage that have existed for a long time.
Penerapan Undang-undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2009 Pasal 109 Tentang Perlindungan Dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup
Authors: Bara Firmansyah  , Fenty Puluhulawa  , Lisnawaty W. Badu
Published: December 2024

This research aims to determine the effectiveness of ownership of operational permits for wastewater disposal installations as factors inhibiting this effectiveness in the Randangan District Health Center. This research is a sociological or empirical study, with the aim of presenting as complete data as possible regarding the effectiveness of permit ownership for Community Health Centers in Randangan District, as stated in Law Number 32 of 2009. The types of data used include primary data and secondary data, and the data collection techniques used are field research and literature study. Based on the research in the results of the discussion, conclusions are drawn; Firstly, the Motolohu Community Health Center in Randangan District has been operating an IPAL since 2017 but until 2023 it has not received a permit from the Pohuwato Regency Environmental Service, even though according to the regulations, IPALs that have been operated must have a permit. Second, factors that hinder effectiveness include legal factors, law enforcement factors, legal advice and facilities, and community factors.
Dampak Penjualan Barang Thrifting Di Indonesia
Authors: M Susilo Agung Saputro  , Aris Prio Agus Santoso  , Nanda Puspitasari Wardoyo  , Nurani Sofiyana  , Shahnata Putri Dwi Ramadhani
Published: December 2024

The thrifting phenomenon has become a rapidly growing trend in Indonesia, especially among the younger generation. Thrifting, or the activity of buying used goods, has a significant impact, especially in economic, environmental and social contexts. This research aims to determine the impact of selling thrifting goods and solutions that can be proposed to overcome the problem of thrifting in Indonesia. The research method uses a literature study approach, the data is then analyzed qualitatively. The research results were obtained directly from the impact of thrifting goods sales in Indonesia, including; The impact on the economy in Indonesia is in the form of lower prices for illegally imported goods compared to local products which can reduce the competitiveness of local business actors, even triggering business closures; Environmental and health impacts in the form of hazardous materials containing bacteria, for example on the skin. Due to low quality and cleanliness it can cause health issues such as scabies and eczema; The impact on economic actors could also be in the form of low local MSME textile production, as well as a drastic reduction in demand for goods and a decline in general competitiveness; The impact on consumers is in the form of easy access to quality goods at more affordable prices from well-known brands.
Perspektif Hukum Mengenai Kasus Rahasia Dagang Antara Indomie Dan Mie Gaga Dilihat Dari Hukum Kekayaan Intelektual
Authors: Niken Aulia Kusumawati  , Yukova Miska Athira  , Mustaqim Mustaqim
Published: December 2024

In this era of globalization, intellectual property plays an important role in driving innovation and commercial competition. Trade secrets are an important element in this situation that requires legal protection. The purpose of this research is to examine the legal aspects of trade secret issues involving two well-known instant noodle companies, Indomie and Mie Gaga, with an emphasis on Indonesian intellectual property law. The food sector has developed rapidly and is ingrained in people's daily lives, especially with regard to instant noodles. One of the industry leaders, Indomie, has developed exclusive recipes and production techniques. The legal troubles over Gaga Noodles, a fast-growing new brand, show how difficult it is to legally protect trade secrets. This research is important because it adds to our knowledge about the Indonesian legal system's handling of trade secret issues, especially in the country's dynamic food sector. Through an examination of legal viewpoints, this research will offer a valuable perspective for the creation of relevant regulations, corporate procedures, and guidelines. It is hoped that this research will increase the protection of innovation and creativity in the business sector by providing a deeper understanding of the legal perspective surrounding the trade secret case between Indomie and Mie Gaga. This will help shape Indonesia's legal framework for intellectual property. With an emphasis on elements of intellectual property law, this research attempts to examine a court case involving trade secret claims between two well-known companies, Indomie and Mie Gaga. A comparative review of the legal protection for trade secrets under the Indonesian Intellectual Property Law is part of this research. This research approach includes a thorough case study of relevant legal and judicial developments, and a thorough analysis of the data collected to understand the fundamental ideas and applications of law relating to trade secrets in Indonesia. It is hoped that the findings of this research will provide a comprehensive understanding of how trade secret disputes in the food business sector are handled under intellectual property law. The real world impact of
Peran Bank Indonesia dalam Perlindungan Perbankan
Authors: Dea Nurhanifah  , Ari Maulana  , Aria Dwi Fahrezi  , Farid Chaidar Pasya
Published: December 2024

This research explores the role of Bank Indonesia in banking protection in Indonesia. Through the analysis of policies and regulations applied by Bank Indonesia, this research aims to understand how the institution contributes to maintaining the stability and security of the banking sector. The findings of this research illustrate that Bank Indonesia not only acts as a monetary authority, but also has a crucial role in supervising, regulating, and protecting banking institutions from systemic risks. The implication of this role can be felt in an effort to maintain public trust in the national banking system and increase overall economic resilience.
Kedudukan Suntik Mati Terhadap Terpidana Mati Dari Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia
Authors: Rafliansyah Manti  , Lisnawaty W. Badu  , Jufryanto Puluhulawa
Published: December 2024

The aim of this research is to legally analyze the procedures for implementing the death penalty in Indonesia from a human rights perspective. Apart from that, it discusses the type of execution of the death penalty by injection by considering the method of carrying out the death penalty against the perception of justice and humanity. The type of research used by researchers in preparing this research based on the phenomenon being studied is juridical research or normative legal research. The method used uses 2 types of approaches, namely using a statutory approach or what can be called a Statue Approach and a Conceptual Approach.The results of the research show that the existence of the death penalty, which is a very frightening type of crime, raises pros and cons in society, so that the electability of the death penalty is debated to this day. However, it is not only about the existence of the death penalty but the implementation/method used in the execution of death row convicts, carried out by being shot to death, is regulated in Law No/2 Presidential Decree of 1964 concerning procedures for carrying out the death penalty which is considered to be torturous and it looks very cruel, in contrast to countries that have implemented executions using lethal injection which is considered an easier method. This is based on the purpose of euthanasia (lethal injection), namely a way to end a person's life in a peaceful and painless way.
Politik Lokal: Tinjauan Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Wahyu Trisno Aji
Published: December 2024

This research aims to find out issues regarding local politics in Indonesia. The method in this research itself uses the systematic literature review (SLR) research method which uses 296 scientific articles sourced from Google Scholar using the Publish of Perish (POP) application. The review of this article uses the VosViewer application. The results of this research itself are based on a search for evidence from the POP database literature, revealing how the development of the local political system in Indonesia can be seen as very interesting to study from reference sources or references to previous studies. It is hoped that the results of this research will be a contribution to thinking about writing further articles on the same theme in politics in Indonesia. This research is not free from limitations because this research only uses Google Scholar research sources with the help of the POP application so this research is still far from being perfect as research on local political issues. Therefore, it is hoped that future research will need to use more authentic articles and it is recommended to use articles sourced from internationally reputable articles such as Scopus, Web of Science Dimensions Scholars, PubMed, and so on.
Upaya Mengenal Pencegahan Dan Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Pencucian Uang
Authors: Muhamad Ade Bazar Septiana  , Aulia Nurdin  , Asmak Ul Hosnah
Published: December 2024

Prevention is the process of preventing or holding back something from happening. It is possible that the eradication efforts carried out before the violation were procedures to eliminate the crime of money laundering so that criminal acts would not occur which would result in state losses. Money laundering is an attempt to hide or disguise the source of money obtained from criminal acts and then converted into money that appears to come from legitimate actions. Therefore, it is not surprising that more complex crimes are evolving into more sophisticated types as technology and science advances. Because of this, laws to overcome it are difficult to create, and criminal law itself is difficult to cover crimes such as corruption that use sophisticated tools such as telephones and computers. This type of crime also occurs in banking institutions. Often, the perpetrators are the bank administrators themselves or collaborate with other parties who are not members of the bank, so that other people do not know about it or find it difficult to understand it.
Nitrous oxide (N2O) in Macquarie Harbour, Tasmania
Authors: Maxey Johnathan Daniel , Hartstein Neil D. , Bange Hermann W. , Müller Moritz
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Fjord-like estuaries are hotspots of biogeochemical cycling due to their steep physicochemical gradients. The spatiotemporal distribution of nitrous oxide (N2O) within many of these systems is poorly described, especially in the Southern Hemisphere. The goals of this study are to describe the spatiotemporal distribution of N2O within a Southern Hemisphere fjord-like estuary, the main environmental drivers of this distribution, the air–sea flux of N2O, and the main drivers of N2O production. Sampling surveys were undertaken in Macquarie Harbour, Tasmania, to capture N2O concentrations and water column physicochemical profiles in winter (July 2022), spring (October 2022), summer (February 2023), and autumn (April 2023). N2O samples were collected from middle water depths in the ocean (5 m), minor river (1 m) endmembers, the major river (10 m) endmember at 2 m from the bottom, and at five depths through the water column at four stations within the main harbour body. Results indicate that N2O was consistently supersaturated (reaching 170 % saturation) below the system's freshwater lens where oxygen concentrations are often hypoxic but infrequently anoxic. In the surface lens, levels of N2O saturation vary with estimated river flow and with proximity to the system's main freshwater endmember. The linear relationship between apparent oxygen utilisation and ΔN2O saturation indicates that nitrification is the process generating N2O in the system. When river flow was high (July and October 2022), surface water N2O was undersaturated (as low as 70 %) throughout most of the harbour. When river flow was low (February and April 2023) N2O was observed to be supersaturated at most stations. Calculated air–sea fluxes of N2O indicated that the system is generally a source of N2O to the atmosphere under weak river flow conditions and a sink during strong river flow conditions. The diapycnal flux was a minor contributor to surface water N2O concentrations, and sub-halocline N2O is intercepted by the riverine surface lens and transported out of the system to the ocean during strong river flow conditions. In a changing climate, western Tasmania is expected to receive higher winter rainfall and lower summer rainfall, which may augment the source and sink dynamics of this system by enhancing the summer and autumn efflux of N2O to the atmosphere. This study is the first to report observations of N2O distribution, generation processes, and estimated diapycnal and surface N2O fluxes from this system.