bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Broccoli Production With Regulated Deficit Irrigation at Different Phenological Stages
Authors: Terassi Daniele de Souza , Rezende Roberto , Wenneck Gustavo Soares , Menezes Cláudia Salim Lozano , Andrean André Felipe Barion Alves , Vila Vinícius Villa e , Silva Lucas Henrique Maldonado da
Published: November 2021

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of soil water replacement in each phenological stage of broccoli crop cultivated in a protected environment. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment in the municipality of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. The experimental design used was in randomized blocks 4 by 3 having four levels of water replacement (55, 70, 85, and 100% of crop evapotranspiration) applied in three phenological stages (initial, intermediate, and final), and four replications. Productivity, inflorescence fresh matter, leaf fresh matter, stem fresh matter, number of leaves, stem diameter, inflorescence height, inflorescence diameter, plant height, leaf area, inflorescence dry matter, stem dry matter and leaf dry matter were evaluated. The data were submitted to variance analysis and compared by Scott-Knott test and regression analysis. Deficit of 30% of the ETc during the final stage of the broccoli crop, reduced productivity by 7%, on the other hand for the initial and intermediate stages, there was a drop of 30% and 23% respectively. The water deficit caused significant losses in broccoli production during the first phenological stages, but the final stage was less critical.
Application of the Cauchy distribution to describe changes in the prices of financial services provided by banks
Authors: Duczkowski Norbert , Słowik Lubomir
Published: November 2021

Key models of financial markets assume that time series can be characterised by means of the Gaussian distribution. However, this assumption is often unfulfilled. The aim of this paper is to verify the possibility of using the Cauchy distribution to describe changes in the prices of financial services provided by banks in Poland. Additionally, the research examines a hypothesis assuming that the changes in the prices of banking services depend on the level of the reference rate published by the National Bank of Poland (NBP). The work uses secondary data: price indices of financial services published by Statistics Poland from January 2010 to December 2020 and the NBP reference rate for the same period. The research confirmed that the empirical distribution of price indices can be described by the Cauchy distribution. The study also confirmed a one-direction causality in the Granger’s sense between the reference rate and the prices of financial services provided by banks in Poland.
METHOD OF RESEARCH ON THE DYNAMIC VISCOSITY
OF MAGNETIC FLUIDS AT HIGH SHEAR RATE
Authors: Szczęch Marcin , Horak Wojciech
Published: November 2021

Magnetic fluids have an important position in the design of technical systems due to their unique properties.
They are used primarily in mechanical energy dissipation systems, i.e. brakes and vibration dampers, as well
as in the design of seals. In many applications, the magnetic fluid operates at high flow velocities through
narrow slots. Therefore, there is a need to determine the rheological properties of this type of substance at
high shear rates. Due to the high density of magnetic fluids and the associated occurrence of mass forces, as
well as the requirements regarding the distribution of the magnetic field, the measurement of the viscosity of
magnetic fluids at high shear rates is extremely difficult when conventional measuring systems are used. The
paper presents a proposal for a new measuring system and a method to determine the viscosity of magnetic
fluids at high shear rates, as well as the results of research on the possibility of using the presented structure
in the case of ferrofluids.
PROTOTIPE SISTEM MONITORING BALANCED ANGULAR MOMENTUM SEISMOMETER BERBASIS IOT
Authors: Fath Muhammad Ismayuda Al , Asshidiqi Muhammad Fajar , Praja Medayu Bestari
Published: November 2021

Monitoring peralatan geofisika diruang lingkup Badan Meteorologi Klimatologi dan Geofisika (BMKG) bertujuan untuk memastikan kualitas data seismik dalam level data yang baik. Seismometer sangat rentan terhadap perubahan posisi ketika terjadi gempa bumi. Penelitian ini merancang sebuah prototipe instrumen yang mendeteksi perubahan posisi seismometer menggunakan modul sensor GY-521 dengan prinsipketetapan momentum sudut. Sistem komunikasi sistem berbasis internet of things menggunakan protokol HTTP NodeMCU dan ditampilkan pada website dalam bentuk grafik yang dapat diakses kapan saja dan dimana saja.Hasil pengujian prototipe sistem dari penelitian ini memiliki nilai koreksi roll, pitch, dan yaw berturut-turut sebesar 0o, 0.455odan -0.302o.
A Bridge with Multiple Faces: Competing Identities in Turkish Parliamentary Debates (1988-2016)
Authors: Aykaç Erdoğan
Published: November 2021

This article examines how Turkish parliamentarians continuously (re)shape Turkey’s identity and geopolitical role by using the metaphor of a bridge in parliamentary debates from 1988 to 2016. First, the article argues that parliamentarians use this metaphor in identity-formation processes to mediate between competing identities, thereby constituting Turkey’s liminal identity. Second, it illustrates how the bridge metaphor remained a dominant discourse even though parliamentarians constantly challenged and refilled the meaning of it. This constantly (re)shapes Turkey’s geopolitical role to function as a bridge between the West and East.
Pilgrim Friending and the Place of Peace
Authors: Lundberg Bruce N. ,   Institute for Interdisciplinary Research
Published: November 2021

William Clough and Mark Ellingsen both explore the goods, harms, and challenges brought by a new powerful digital social media. Clough uses perspectives from social sciences, ethics, and Biblical theology--self and society in reciprocal relation through language, art, institution, and God’s friending Word. He urges caution, applying universal ethics centered in love of God and neighbor, and respect for facts and science. Ellingsen applies brain sciences to explain social media downsides and encourage a balance of good habits and activities. This essay relates their contributions to human subjective, moral, interpersonal, communal, and religious experience and traditions. Protection in a place of peace amid social media may be fostered by realizing aspects of human life and nature unseen through the optics of modern sciences, in “pilgrim friending” toward virtues such as forgiveness, chastity, humility, and diligence, trusting and following God’s Holy friending received through nature, solitude, prayer, Scripture, and a covenant community.
Prostatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Controlled for Tumor Grade, Stage, and Margin Status Does Not Independently Influence the Likelihood of Biochemical Recurrence in Localized Prostate Cancer After Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: Kryvenko Oleksandr N. , Iakymenko Oleksii A. , De Lima Guido Luiz P. , Bhattu Amit S. , Merhe Ali , Mouzannar Ali , Briski Laurence M. , Oymagil Irfan , Lugo Isabella , Nemov Ivan , Ritch Chad R. , Kava Bruce R. , Punnen Sanoj , Jorda Merce , Parekh Dipen J. , Gonzalgo Mark L.
Published: November 2021

Context.—

Prostatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) has historically been considered to be an aggressive subtype of prostate cancer.

Objective.—

To investigate if PDA is independently associated with worse biochemical recurrence (BCR)–free survival after radical prostatectomy.

Design.—

A review of 1584 radical prostatectomies was performed to grade, stage, and assess margin status in each tumor nodule. Radical prostatectomies with localized PDA (ie, those lacking metastasis) in the tumor nodule with the highest grade and stage and worst margin status were matched with prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma according to grade, stage, and margin status. The effect of PDA on BCR was assessed by multivariable Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier analyses.

Results.—

Prostatic ductal adenocarcinoma was present in 171 cases. We excluded 24 cases because of lymph node metastasis (n = 13), PDA not in the highest-grade tumor nodule (n = 9), and positive surgical margin in a lower-grade tumor nodule (n = 2). The remaining 147 cases included 26 Grade Group (GG) 2, 44 GG3, 6 GG4, and 71 GG5 cancers. Seventy-six cases had extraprostatic extension, 33 had seminal vesicle invasion, and 65 had positive margins. Follow-up was available for 113 PDA and 109 prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma cases. Prostate-specific antigen density (odds ratio, 3.7; P = .001), cancer grade (odds ratio, 3.3–4.3; P = .02), positive surgical margin (odds ratio, 1.7; P = .02), and tumor volume (odds ratio, 1.3; P = .02) were associated with BCR in multivariable analysis. Prostatic ductal adenocarcinoma, its percentage, intraductal carcinoma, and cribriform Gleason pattern 4 were not significant independent predictors of BCR.

Conclusions.—

Advanced locoregional stage, higher tumor grade, and positive surgical margin status rather than the mere presence of PDA are more predictive of worse BCR-free survival outcomes following radical prostatectomy in men with a component of PDA.
Methadone substitution therapy: Diagnostic challenges in the general practice
Authors: Knežević Snežana , Dugalić Branimir , Dugalić Anđelka
Published: November 2021

Introduction. Opioid addiction is a chronic condition related to different morbidities. The methadone substitution therapy of the opioid addict, combined with social, health, and psychological services is a gold standard of the treatment. All opioids display numerous side effects. Kidney damage in opioid addicts is due to sepsis, rhabdomyolysis, decreased glomerular filtration, hypotension, pulmonary edema, renal lipidosis, or amyloidosis. Case report. The male patient, 40, on methadone substitution therapy feels weak, sweats excessively. Lab work: potassium 9.87 mmol/L, BUN 18.3 mmol/L, creatinine 268 µmol/L, urea clearance 0,20 ml/s, creatinine clearance 0,81 ml/s, eGFR 23 ml/min/1,73m2 , creatine phosphokinase 1180 IU/L, Hgb 79 g/L, Er 2.81x1012/L, C-reactive protein 13.2 µg/ mL, Le 7.41x109 /L, PCO2 41 mmHg, HCO3 22 mmol/L, and acidosis, pH 7.21. Blood pressure 130/80 mmHg and heart rate 64 bpm, ECG shows prolonged PR interval and high T waves. He was treated with crystalloid IV solutions, 8.4% bicarbonate solutions, diuretics, calcium gluconate, short-acting insulin, antibiotics, and anticoagulants. After therapy, there is an improvement in his potassium levels, diuresis, and ECG. After 24 days of hospital treatment, he was discharged to home care. Conclusion. Patients on methadone substitution therapy have a higher risk of multiple organ damage. Kidney function is especially at risk. It is of utmost importance to raise awareness among physicians of the danger of rabdomyolysis in these patients. Regular lab checks in patients on methadone substitution therapy can timely detect severe acute and chronic kidney complications and enable timely treatment.
Cardiovascular disease and excess mortality in depression: physical activity as a game changer
Authors: Gerber M , Claussen MC , Cody R , Imboden C , Ludyga S , Scherr J , Seifritz E , von Känel R
Published: November 2021

Problem: Depression is a widespread disorder and among the leading causes of disability worldwide. In this article, we perform an umbrella review on the association between depression and excess mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cardiovascular risk factors. We also provide an overview of mechanisms that explain these associations. Finally, we discuss clinical implications from a general perspective and discuss the potential of physical activity to favorably influence the relationship between depression and premature mortality. Methods: Meta-analyses were identified via PubMed. Only works on unipolar depression were included. Results: The association between depression and excess mortality is a robust epidemiological finding. This association can be attributed to the fact that people with depression are at increased risk for CVD and accumulate more cardiovascular risk factors. However, the causal associations are complex. While depression is associated with incident CVD, depression can also be a consequence of cardiac events. Regular physical activity and higher cardiorespiratory fitness levels mitigate the risk of premature mortality associated with depression. Discussion: More attention should be paid to the physical health of psychiatric patients. High priority should be given to the promotion of physical activity and fitness, as they are beneficial for both physical and mental health. Key Words: Fitness, Cardiovascular Disease, Physical Activity, Mortality
Physical activity for the treatment and prevention of depression: a rapid review of meta-analyses
Authors: Imboden C , Claussen MC , Seifritz E , Gerber M
Published: November 2021

Aim: We conducted an umbrella review of 55 meta-analyses to summarize current evidence on the effects of exercise on depression. Results: Aerobic, resistance or combined exercise for several weeks as well as mind-body exercise has shown to yield significant moderate effects on depression severity in adult patients, including the elderly. The effect diminishes when only high-quality studies are analyzed but reaches similar magnitude of other efficacious treatments. Additionally, exercise showed positive effects on sleep, cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life in depressed patients. In children and adolescents and during the peripartum period, exercise interventions have been found have small-to-moderate effects, but studies varied in methodology and methodical quality could be improved (heterogeneous samples, blinding). Regular physical activity has been shown to have a protective effect on incident depression in adults, reducing odds by 17 to 21%. In children and adolescents, the effect tends to be smaller. Across 15 meta-analyses in samples with physical diseases, exercise-regimes have been shown to have positive effects on depressive symptoms in chronic conditions (such as pain, obesity or cardiovascular disease), cancer survivors, and in post-stroke, neurological and cardiovascular conditions, as well as in diabetes, chronic kidney disease, arthritis and HIV. Discussion: Exercise and physical activity have a wide range of benefits for depression and depressive symptoms in at-risk populations. Further research is needed to find optimal dose and duration of exercise-treatment and ways to sustainably increase physical activity in psychiatric populations and patients with chronic diseases. Key Words: Exercise, Aerobic, Resistance, Depressive Symptoms, At-Risk Population
Packing Trees into 1-planar Graphs
Authors: De Luca Felice , Di Giacomo Emilio , Hong Seok-Hee , Kobourov Stephen , Lenhart William , Liotta Giuseppe , Meijer Henk , Tappini Alessandra , Wismath Stephen
Published: November 2021

We introduce and study the 1-planar packing problem: Given $k$ graphs with $n$ vertices $G_1, \dots, G_k$, find a 1-planar graph that contains the given graphs as edge-disjoint spanning subgraphs. We mainly focus on the case when each $G_i$ is a tree and $k=3$. We prove that a triple consisting of three caterpillars or of two caterpillars and a path may not admit a 1-planar packing, while two paths and a special type of caterpillar always have one. We then study 1-planar packings with few crossings and prove that three paths (resp. cycles) admit a 1-planar packing with at most seven (resp. fourteen) crossings. We finally show that a quadruple consisting of three paths and a perfect matching with $n \geq 12$ vertices admits a 1-planar packing, while such a packing does not exist if $n \leq 10$.
La integración de la tecnología y su adecuación pedagógica a la enseñanza del español como lengua extranjera
Authors: Sánchez Martín Francisco Javier
Published: November 2021

La Comisión Europea (2018) respalda la apuesta por la tecnología digital como mecanismo enriquecedor de las oportunidades de aprendizaje, puesto que, con su aplicación, se incrementan las prácticas innovadoras en la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras. Ello, sin duda, contribuirá fomentar nuevas pedagogías de aprendizaje en el marco de una enseñanza presencial progresivamente más digitalizada, a la vez que permitirá reforzar la adquisición de la competencia comunicativa en español. Recuérdese, por otro lado, que una de las competencias clave del profesorado (Instituto Cervantes 2012) es, precisamente, la incorporación de las TIC para su desempeño docente. El objetivo de esta investigación consiste en evaluar la actual situación de la infraestructura de los espacios virtuales para el aprendizaje en la era digital. Para ello, nos fijaremos en los materiales y recursos ofrecidos en una plataforma electrónica de ELE en línea en el marco de las iniciativas vinculadas a la modernización de la enseñanza del español. Finalmente, se constata la obligación por parte de los docentes así como de las editoriales y los profesionales del sector de atender los procesos de innovación y adaptar los recursos tecnológicos para potenciar la autonomía, empoderamiento y aprendizaje de los estudiantes.
Una heurística para la enseñanza de los artículos españoles
Authors: Testa Martin
Published: November 2021

Es bien conocida la dificultad de los estudiantes eslavos en el aprendizaje de los artículos españoles. Sin embargo, en un contexto donde el inglés L2 (lengua con artículos) está cada vez más presente en el repertorio lingüístico de los estudiantes, hay rasgos, como la definitud, que son aprovechables en el aprendizaje de E/LE. No obstante, hay otras regularidades, como es el caso de los sujetos escuetos ingleses con valor genérico, que obstaculizan la transferencia de conocimiento y pueden resultar en interferencias lingüísticas de tipo L2 > L3. A diferencia de las lenguas germánicas, en español (y probablemente en otras lenguas romances) los sintagmas nominales con función de sujeto van casi siempre acompañados de artículo. La única excepción a esta regla parecen ser los verbos monádicos, ya que permiten sujetos escuetos posverbales con valor partitivo en el caso de los nombres plurales y continuos (no así con los nombres discontinuos en singular). Por ello, el objetivo de este trabajo es proponer una heurística (ensenar el artículo como requisito sintáctico de los sintagmas nominales con función de sujeto) a fines de reducir el número de reglas gramaticales y restar carga cognitiva en el uso de los artículos españoles a estudiantes cuya lengua materna carece de un sistema morfológico similar.
Making Room for Everyone’s Talent
Authors: Huijpen Kim
Published: November 2021

See RECORDING.
Current societal challenges demand more cooperation and a multidisciplinary approach from scientists. Putting into practice the shared ambition in Dutch academia requires a modernisation of the system of Recognition & Rewards. The modernisation should improve the quality of each of the key areas in academia: education, research, impact, leadership and (for university medical centres) patient care.
Why do we think a change in recognition and rewards is needed? We see a mismatch between what we deem important in academic work and what we reward academic staff for. Careers depend heavily on research performance, which is measured by a limited number of criteria. We need a better balance in how we recognize and reward academics to help us achieve excellent education, research, impact, and leadership, as well as the highest level of patient care in our university medical centres. We want to make Room for everyone’s talent!
In the Dutch Recognition & Rewards programme we work in cooperation with all Dutch research universities, university medical centres, reputable research institutes, the Royal Academy, and research funders. We aim for a healthy and inspiring environment for all our staff, where all talents are valued.
In this presentation I will explain what we want to change in academic career assessment in the Netherlands, and how we hope to initiate the desired cultural change. This change is a fundamental change of beliefs, not just a change in the rules of the game. To achieve this, a broad dialogue in academia is needed. We think that sharing best practices and experimenting will initiate the desired movement.
Every university and research organisation in the Netherlands has set up a high-level Recognition & Rewards committee. The various committees are working enthusiastically to stimulate the intended culture change at an institutional level. There is a great and inspiring diversity of approaches. Experimenting, inspiring, co-creating, sharing best practices, and learning from each other are central in the joint programme. At a national level, we also monitor the commonality and ensure connections between the developments at the universities, university medical centres, research institutes, and research funders.
We are aware that the Netherlands is only a very small country. We cannot change academic career assessment on our own. We need to work together all over the world to change the recognition and rewards of academics. We hope you are curious, critical, and open about your concerns and become involved!
Estimation of Heritability, Genes Number and Multivariate Analysis Using Non- segregation and Segregation Generations in Two Cotton Crosses
Authors: El-Hashash E. F. , Yehia W. M. B.
Published: November 2021

This study was conducted to evaluate the heritability methods, the genes number equations and comparison between them, as well as multivariate analysis of cotton yield and its components traits in the two crosses G.85 x TNB and G.86 x Suvin. Broad sense heritability (BSH) using Mahmud & Kramer (1951), Burton (1951), Weber & Moorthy (1952), Modified Weber & Moorthy (1952), Briggs & Krowles (1967), Mather & Jinks (1971), Lawrence & Jinks (1973) and Kotecha & Zimmerman (1978) methods, as well as narrow sense heritability using Warner (1952) and Modified Warner (1952) methods were calculated. The methods of BSH and NSH showed high values (BSH < 0.60) and significant for yield and yield components traits in the two crosses. For BSH estimations, the highest values by Mahmood & Kramer and Burton methods and the lowest values by Mod.Weber & Moorthy were registered for most studied traits. Estimates of genes number affecting traits were obtained with Chen & Line (1995). The genes number values by equation N3 were much higher than the other equations (close to each other or slightly different) for all studied traits in the two crosses. Based on the ranks method and cluster analysis suggested that there are differences between most the methods of BSH and genes number estimations. The methods of Mather & Jinks and Lawrence & Jinks gave the same values, the two methods of Mahmud & Kramer and Briggs & Krowles as well as the two methods Weber & Moorthy and Kotecha & Zimmerman showed equal or close values for the studied traits in the two crosses. While, the others methods of BSH had difference with these methods and with from each other. These methods are calculated based on the components of variance, so a change in each component of the variance can affect it. Thus, these methods differ with respect to the calculation of an environmental variance. According to principal component analysis (PC), the PC1 and PC2 had mainly distinguished the generations in different groups. The PC1 and PC2 contributed towards 86.29% and 92.36% of cumulative variability in the two crosses G.85 x TNB and G.86 x Suvin, respectively, and the PC1 exhibited Eigen value >1 for all studied traits in the six populations. According to biplot and based on the all populations, the PCs with the highest variability showed positive correlation to yield and its components, but, they differed in their degree of significance/insignificant and consistency in quantity. The PC of the relationship between the six generations revealed that the most appropriate generations for selecting these traits were BC1 generation in the cross G.85 x TNB as well as F2 and BC1 generations in the cross G.86 x Suvin. Backcrossing may be done for 2–5 cycles (BC2 – BC5) at Suvin parent for improving cotton yield in Egypt.
Analysis of Pollution Levels of Heavy Elements Using Fractionation Pattern of Street Soils of Langtang North, Plateau State, Nigeria
Authors: Wuyep Lungfa Collins , Hassan U. F. , Mahmoud A. A. , Gudam T. M. , Simam M. , Zakka Lumi , Thomas Habila Yusuf
Published: November 2021

Soil Pollution is a serious environmental challenge around the world today. Anthropogenic activities and population explosion have continued to pose great danger to our environment most especially land resources which are fixed. It is against this backdrop that this study assessed the levels of some selected heavy elements (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn). To achieve this, various fractions of exchangeable bound metals, carbonate bound metals, manganese oxide bound metals, iron/manganese bound metals, organic/sulphide bound metals and residual bound metals in soils of Bala, Gantang, She–for, Walang and Yangang Streets as well as Intorok Street which serves as control, Langtang North, Plateau State, Nigeria were assayed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. The results show that the bioavailable/soluble fractions ranges in (mg/kg) are for: As (BDL – 34.00), Cd (3.00 - 45.00), Co (BDL – 70.00), Cr (42.00 – 155.00), Cu (47.00 – 73.00), Fe (48.00 – 116.00), Mn (46.00 – 119.00), Ni (42.00 – 108.00), Pb (30.00 – 292.00) and Zn (45.00 – 207.00) in all the Streets investigated. The residual/ insoluble fraction ranges in (mg/kg) are for: As (BDL – 5.00), Cd (1.00 – 11.00), Co (BDL – 25.00), Cr (9.00 – 56.00), Cu (11.00 – 19.00), Fe (11.00 – 28.00), Mn (10.00 – 25.00), Ni (10.00 – 21.00), Pb (11.00 – 68.00) and Zn (9.00 – 47.00). The residual fraction is associated with minimal toxicity since migration and transformation of this fraction under general conditions are limited because of being tightly bound to Fe and Mn oxides and hydroxides. The bioavailable fraction is generally observed to be predominant in all the soil, it is usually associated with anthropogenic factors. Higher heavy element concentrations in these streets were recorded in points where there are evidences of organic load discharge and domestic effluents as in the case of Gantang, Yangang, and Bala streets. The fractionation pattern for the six streets assayed showed the northern (hill) part of Langtang North has no potential risk of contamination. However, the plain or southern part of the study area showed high potential risk that if not monitored will result in serious contamination. Topography plays an important role in the risk factor of heavy element contamination in the study area. The overall results showed evidence of some heavy metal pollution in all the Street soils assayed with possible cumulative effect over time.
Correlation of Triglyceride with Coronary Artery Disease Severity in Pre-Diabetic Chronic Stable Angina Patients
Authors: Tolba Mahmoud Mohammed , Khalfallah Mohamed , Khalel Sameh Samir , Kassem Hanan Kamel
Published: November 2021

Background: Individuals with prediabetes have multiple disturbances in lipoprotein metabolism resulting from multiple combinations of insulin deficiency, insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. Dyslipidemia is the commonest complication of prediabetes and diabetes, and it predispose to premature atherosclerosis causing cardiovascular complication. The aim of this study was to assess correlation of triglyceride (TG) with coronary artery disease (CAD) severity in pre-diabetic chronic stable angina patients.

Methods: Our cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 100 pre-diabetic patients (HbA1c 5.7% to 6.4%) with different levels of TG and stable CAD, referred to Tanta university hospitals. Each patient had been subjected to adequate history taking, complete clinical examination and laboratory investigations and electrocardiogram with transthoracic echocardiography. SYNTAX score was calculated.

Results: There were significant positive correlations between TG and LDL, ratio and TLC respectively while there was a significant negative correlation between TG and HDL. There was significant positive correlation between SYNTAX and LDL, ratio and urea respectively                            while there was high significant negative correlation between TG and HDL. TG level was significantly higher in male than female (p= 0.028). There was no significant difference in SYNTAX regarding gender. For the multivariate analysis, only LDL was a significant independent predictor for CAD.

Conclusions: There was a positive correlation between the TG and the severity of coronary lesions in pre-diabetic stable angina pectoris patients.
Comparative Study on Effectiveness of Various Compost Cultures on Composting of Farm Wastes
Authors: Preethu D. C. , Savita S. M. , Dinesha M. S. , Prasad B. S. Rajendra , Kulkarni Lata R.
Published: November 2021

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate effectiveness of various microbial compost cultures for aerobic-composting of farm wastes.

Place of Study: Three trials were conducted on farmer’s field and one at Krishi Vigyana Kendra (KVK) Ramanagara district.

Methodology: During the composting process, days to compost, maturity in terms of changes in temperature, pH and composting dynamics were studied. Compost quality parameters such as macro and micro-nutrients and C:N ratio and stability  of the compost were recorded at different intervals. 

Results: The results showed that the compost culture from  IIHR and UASB had taken 90 and 105 days respectively, for complete stabilization; further had relatively higher temperature and pH during the initial phase and reached ambient condition at maturity stage, C:N ratio has showed gradual reduction from 39.65 to 15.98 and 39.75 to 13.66% respectively in IIHR and UASB cultures, they also had high macro, secondary and micro nutrients(IIHR-1.55% N, 0.93% P, 0.95% K, 4.39% Ca, 0.69% Mg, 0.19%S, 930 ppm Fe, 10ppm Cu, 305ppm Mn, 82ppm Zn, 26 ppm B  UASB-1.59% N, 0.91% P, 0.97% K, 4.25%Ca, 0.88% Mg, 0.21%S, 948 ppm Fe, 9ppm Cu, 325ppm Mn, 93ppm Zn, 28ppm B) content and resulted in more compost production ( 3.3 and 2.8 t/year, respectively) with B:C ratio of 6.67 and 7.25 respectively when compared to NCOF (T3) and farmers practice (T4).

Conclusion: Aerobic-composting of farm waste using microbial culture of UASB and IIHR proved to be an effective technology that aids to convert organic farm waste into valuable organic manure with an advantage of minimizing the environmental contamination associated with burning of residues.
Effect of Chlormequat Chloride on Vegetative Growth, Photosynthetic Activities, and its Residual Dissipation in Thompson Seedless Grapevines
Authors: Ramteke S. D. , Bhagwat S. R. , Khalate S. M. , Gavali A. H. , Kalbhor J. N. , Shelake T. S. , Langote A. R.
Published: November 2021

Chlormequat chloride is one of the important plant growth regulators which is a highly stable gibberellins biosynthesis inhibitor used to inhibit vegetative growth and cell elongation. Considering the importance of plant growth inhibitors, the present investigation was carried out to understand the effect of Chlormequat chloride with its different concentrations on vegetative growth, photosynthetic activities and its residual dissipation in Grapevines at two different locations one at Pune, Maharashtra India and second at Nashik, Maharashtra, India during the year 2018-2019. Chlormequat chloride was applied as a foliar spray, where the whole vines were sprayed at concentration of   500, 1000, 1500, 2000 and 2500 ppm with untreated control as a water spray; as a treatments with different developmental stages Viz 5th, 7th, and 15th leaf stage after foundation pruning. Morphological observations were recorded at 45 days and 90 days after foundation as well as fruit pruning. Application of Chlormequat chloride recorded reduced shoot length and Internodal distance while increased in cane diameters, leaf thickness after both the pruning’s in this investigation Photosynthetic activity, yield per vines and percent fruitfulness had significantly influenced with the application of Chlormequat chloride in grapevines. The dissipation of Chlormequat chloride was stable and indicated a non- linear pattern of degradation. Thus, implied that simple first-order kinetics might not be adequate to explain the dissipation behaviour of Chlormequat chloride in grapes.
Influence of Accelerated Aged Seed on Seed Quality Parameters of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L) Under Laboratory Conditions
Authors: Sai Reddy M. Linga Swami , Naik V. Saida , Kumari Sujatha , Naga Lakshmi C. H. Siva
Published: November 2021

Availability of good quality seed at the time of planting is most important factor for successful production of any crop. This is because, good quality seed not only ensure proper emergence but rapid establishment of seedling in the field that enhance the seed yield.  

There are various factors such as temperature and moisture content which affect the quality of seed. Use of stored seed for sowing purposes results in poor yield due to physiological and biochemical changes during ageing.

Deterioration of seed quality during ageing is a natural phenomenon. This is caused by alterations in various physiological viz. seed germination, seedling length, seed vigor and biochemical parameters such as seed leachate, seed viability and dehydrogenase activity. Changes in these parameters adversely affect seed yield and related characters.

The present investigation on “Impact of accelerated ageing on the seed quality and yield contributing characters in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties” was conducted at Seed Testing laboratory and research block of seed science and technology, BFIT, Department of  Agriculture

Uttara Khand during 2019-20. For this purpose four varieties of wheat viz. VL-802, VL-829, VL-892 and UP-1109 were subjected to accelerated ageing  at 450 C and 100 % relative humidity for 15, 30 and 45 days along with control. The experiment was laid out in CRD with three replications of each treatment.

Under the laboratory conditions, every treatment showed significant difference for seed quality parameters after accelerated ageing. Variety VL-892 had more capability to maintain the seed quality attributes after 15, 30 and 45 days of accelerated ageing period as considered  being good storer under ambient condition. Whereas VL-829 and UP-1109 showed potential for medium-term   storage and VL-802 variety had poor storing potential based on the seed quality and yield parameters.
Oral Findings in Patients with COVID-19 Infection: Report of Two Cases and Review of Literature
Authors: Rai Arpita , Kumar Ansul , Rana Apoorv , Singh Shradha , Sybil Deborah
Published: November 2021

Few reports have been published highlighting oral findings in COVID-19 patients. Since the outbreak of the recent pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2, it is important to illustrate in the very near future how recurrent these oral findings are in the symptomatic COVID-19 patients in contrast to those asymptomatic ones, as there are multiple findings reported. This case study reports a new combination of oral findings in two COVID-19 patients from India, one symptomatic, and other asymptomatic. Cases presenting oral findings in asymptomatic COVID-19 patients are the rarest. Moreover, till now, petechial or purpuric lesions, solely as theoral findings without any associated skin lesions and oral mucosal hyperpigmentation of our patients are the rare oral findings to be reported in COVID-19 patients. These cases provide evidence for a deeper understanding of the oral alterations seen in COVID-19 patients that need to be addressed at present.
Limb‐bud and heart development (LBH) contributes to glioma progression in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Liu Luotong , Luo Qinglian , Xu Qian , Xiong Yu , Deng Huajiang
Published: November 2021

Glioma is the predominant brain malignancy and is correlated with high mortality and severe morbidity. The transcription factor limb‐bud and heart (LBH) has been reported to be involved in the development of several cancers, although its role in glioma development remains elusive. Here, we examined the effect of LBH on glioma progression. The expression of LBH was increased in glioma samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas database, and upregulation of LBH was observed to be correlated with the poor survival of glioma patients. We also report that expression of LBH was elevated in clinical glioma tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues, and was also enhanced in glioma cell lines. LBH promotes proliferation and inhibits cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in glioma cells. In addition, LBH increased the migration and invasion of glioma cells in vitro. Moreover, tumorigenicity analysis revealed that LBH could promote the tumor growth of glioma cells in vivo. In conclusion, our findings suggest that LBH contributes to glioma progression in vitro and in vivo. Our findings provide new insights into the mechanism by which LBH promotes the development of glioma, improving our understanding of the correlation between LBH with cancer. LBH may have potential as a target for glioma therapy.
Circular Rims2 Deficiency Causes Retinal Degeneration
Authors: Sun Lan‐Fang , Ma Yue , Ji Yang‐Yang , Wu Zhen , Wang Ya‐Han , Mou Hao , Jin Zi‐Bing
Published: November 2021

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) refer to a newly recognized family of non‐coding RNA with single‐stranded RNAs. Despite emerging evidence indicating that circRNAs are abundantly expressed in various tissues, especially in the brain and retina, the role of circRNAs in retinal function and diseases is still largely unknown. Circular Rims2 (circRims2) is highly expressed and conserved in both the human and mouse brains. However, little is known about the expression and function of circRims2 in the retina. In the current study, the high‐throughput RNA‐seq analysis reveals a high expression of circRims2 in the retina. In addition, it is found that circRims2 is mainly located in plexiform layers that contain synapses between retinal neurons. Knocking down circRims2 with short hairpin RNA through subretinal adeno‐associated viral (AAV) delivery in the mice leads to the decrease of the thickness of the outer and inner segment (OS/IS) layers and outer nuclear layer (ONL), and cessation of scotopic and photopic electroretinogram responses. Furthermore, the current study finds that circRims2 deficiency evokes retinal inflammation and activates the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway. Therefore, circRims2 may play an important role in the maintenance of retinal structure and function, and circRims2 deficiency may lead to pathogenic changes in the retina.
High Thermal Conductivity of Plasticine‐Based Nanocomposites Developed Using Simple Fabrication for Heat Management in Electronic Devices
Authors: Abdul Momin Syed , Jaafar Mariatti
Published: November 2021

Effectual thermal transport has turned out to be an imperative parameter for emerging technologies, especially in electronics. These integrated circuit technology appliances tend to undergo a surge in temperature during operation. To prevent untimely degradation and performance lag, it is important to prevent substantial overheating of the device. Polymeric thermal interface materials (TIMs) have grave issues, such as bundling of fillers, prohibitive cost, critical fabrication processes, high phonon scattering, and bad filler–matrix interaction. Herein, various carbonaceous fillers are used in the neat plasticine matrix. The results obtained at various loadings of graphite‐, xGnP‐, and graphene‐based nanocomposites are interesting. At 23 wt%, the thermal conductivities (TCs) obtained are 2.44, 4.32, and 5.22, W mK−1, respectively. The high TC is attributed to the better interaction of plasticine matrix and carbonaceous fillers, thus preventing bad dispersion issues and aggravated phonon scattering, as revealed by a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The nanocomposites exhibit good stability in TC even after prolonged heat exposure of 360 h. From this study, it is concluded that low‐cost plasticine‐based nanocomposites exhibit high TC, better dispersion of fillers, and low TC fluctuations after prolonged heat exposures, which is essential for effective heat dissipation in advanced electronic devices.
Physical Vapor Deposition Growth of Ultrathin Molybdenum Dioxide Nanosheets with Excellent Conductivity
Authors: Li Yunfei , Yin Xunqing , Guo Yuxi , Liu Dan , Zhong Yun-lei , Xu Manzhang , Li Yunlong , Deng Aolin , Tang Fang , Shi Zhiwen , Kang Lixing , Qian Dong , Hong Guo
Published: November 2021

A single crystal of 2D layered α‐MoO2 using a simple technique of physical vapor deposition (PVD) method is generated. By adjusting the growth temperature, the thickness of α‐MoO2 single crystals can be tuned to sub ten nanometers. High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) images verified the atomic structural details of PVD grown orthorhombic MoO2 (α‐MoO2) nanosheet with high quality. Additionally, the unsaturated linear magnetic range (LMR) in the grown nanosheets is up to 5 T. Also, α‐MoO2 nanosheet with low defect displays excellent conductivity that is comparable to the metal silver. Thus, this new nanomaterial can show a promising application as a potential 2D conductor.
Rear Interface Engineering to Suppress Migration of Iodide Ions for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells with Minimized Hysteresis
Authors: Xiong Qiu , Wang Can , Zhou Qin , Wang Luyao , Wang Xiaobing , Yang Longkai , Ding Jiaxin , Chen Chun‐chao , Wu Jihuai , Li Xin , Gao Peng
Published: November 2021

Accurate interface engineering can effectively inhibit iodide ion migration, thereby improving the stability and photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells (PvSCs). The time‐of‐flight secondary‐ion mass spectrometry reveals that in an aged n–i–p‐type PvSC, the iodide ions will move toward the rear side and enter the FTO cathode. In this regard, the authors describe a simple thermal evaporation strategy for introducing an NdCl3 interface layer (NdCl3‐IL) at the rear interface of perovskites to interdict the iodine ion migration pathway, leading to reduced trap densities throughout the whole perovskite region. As a result, a boosted open‐circuit voltage (VOC) is achieved, resulting in power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 22.16% with negligible hysteresis. The NdCl3‐IL also enhances the device stability, maintaining 83% of initial PCE after the maximum‐power‐point tracking test for 100 h. More encouragingly, a certified PCE of 21.68% is demonstrated on a large‐area (1 cm2) device with combined 2D/3D passivation strategies.
Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes by Floating Catalyst Chemical Vapor Deposition and Their Applications
Authors: Hou Peng‐Xiang , Zhang Feng , Zhang Lili , Liu Chang , Cheng Hui‐Ming
Published: November 2021

Floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FCCVD) has been one of the most important techniques for the synthesis of high‐quality single‐, double‐, and multi‐wall carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The method is characterized of simple processing, good controllability, and desirable scalability. The bulk morphologies of the synthesized CNTs can be sponge‐like, an array, a thin film, or fiber by simply changing the growth parameters and the way they are collected, which facilitates a wide range of applications. The authors comprehensively review the state‐of‐the‐art progress on the controlled growth of CNTs by FCCVD which have a defined number of walls, and controlled diameter, bundle size, and type of conductivity. The properties and possible applications for the CNTs and their hybrids are summarized. Finally, insights into the key challenges and prospects for CNTs synthesized by FCCVD are discussed.
Advanced Characterization Techniques Paving the Way for Commercialization of Low‐Cost Prussian Blue Analog Cathodes
Authors: Liu Xiao‐Hao , Peng Jian , Lai Wei‐Hong , Gao Yun , Zhang Hang , Li Li , Qiao Yun , Chou Shu‐Lei
Published: November 2021

Prussian blue analogs (PBAs), as promising cathode materials for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), have received extensive research interest due to their appealing characteristics, e.g., the low cost of their raw materials, easy manufacturing, open frameworks, and high theoretical specific capacity. There are some challenges for PBAs cathodes, however, hindering their performance output, making them currently unacceptable for practical applications. To improve the performance and cycling stability of PBAs, a clear in‐depth understanding of the relationship of their electrochemical reaction process to their ion insertion/extraction mechanisms and structural evolution is extremely important. Nowadays, advanced characterization techniques have become an important tool to guide the construction of high‐performance PBAs cathodes. In this review, the various advances by using advanced characterization techniques to reveal the reaction mechanisms for PBAs cathodes are summarized and discussed. By appreciating how the advanced characterization techniques to guide fabrication of high‐performance PBAs or reveal their detailed reaction mechanisms, it is hoped that this review can assist readers to find more valuable and advanced technologies to help to resolve some key problems and enhance their performance so as to accelerate the practical application of PBAs cathode for SIBs.
Air Sensitivity and Degradation Evolution of Halide Solid State Electrolytes upon Exposure
Authors: Wang Shuhao , Xu Xiaowei , Cui Can , Zeng Cheng , Liang Jianing , Fu Jinzhou , Zhang Ruiwang , Zhai Tianyou , Li Huiqiao
Published: November 2021

Halide solid state electrolytes (SSEs) have attracted the attention of researchers as a new family of SSEs due to simple synthesis, high ionic conductivity, and good softness. However, until now, most of the reported works are focused on promotion of ionic conductivity, and little attention is paid to their air stability and degradation mechanism upon exposure. Herein, the degradation evolution of typical halide SSEs upon moisture is investigated in detail. It is found both Li3InCl6 and Li3YCl6 halide SSEs are easy to absorb water and deteriorate, and the air sensitivity is closely related to the contact area with air. In comparison, the water absorption rate of Li3InCl6 is faster than that of Li3YCl6, while the amount of water absorption of Li3YCl6 is larger than that of Li3InCl6, due to the higher solubility of InCl3 compared to YCl3. Along with water absorption, Li3InCl6 first forms a crystalline hydrate, then partially decomposes to InCl3 and LiCl, and InCl3 further hydrolyzes and produces acid which is corrosive; finally In2O3 impurities are formed. Coating the surface of Li3InCl6 with Al2O3 can effectively improve the air stability. This work can help to understand the degradation mechanism of halide SSEs and provide guidance for the future design of new halide SSEs.