bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A 4-gene signature from histologically normal surgical margins predicts local recurrence in patients with oral carcinoma: clinical validation
Authors: Reis Patricia P. , Tokar Tomas , Goswami Rashmi S. , Xuan Yali , Sukhai Mahadeo , Seneda Ana Laura , Móz Luis E. S. , Perez-Ordonez Bayardo , Simpson Colleen , Goldstein David , Brown Dale , Gilbert Ralph , Gullane Patrick , Irish Jonathan , Jurisica Igor , Kamel-Reid Suzanne
Published: February 2020

Prognostic biomarkers for recurrence of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) are urgently needed. We aimed to independently validate a 4-gene expression signature (MMP1, COL4A1, P4HA2, THBS2) predictive of OSCC recurrence risk. Gene expression was measured using Nanostring nCounter® in 245 histologically normal surgical resection margins from 62 patients. Association between risk scores for individual patients and recurrence was assessed by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Signature performance was quantified by concordance index (CI), hazard ratio (HR) and the area under receiver operating characteristics (AUC). Risk scores for recurrence were significantly higher than recurrence-free patients (p = 9.58e-7, Welch’s t-test). A solid performance of the 4-gene signature was determined: CI = 0.64, HR = 3.38 (p = 1.4E-4; log-rank test), AUC = 0.71. We showed that three margins per patient are sufficient to preserve predictive performance (CI = 0.65; HR = 2.92; p = 2.94e-3; AUC = 0.71). Association between the predicted risk scores and recurrence was assessed and showed HR = 2.44 (p = 9.6E-3; log-rank test, N = 62). Signature performance analysis was repeated using an optimized threshold (70th percentile of risks), resulting in HR = 3.38 (p = 1.4E-4; log-rank test, N = 62). The 4-gene signature was validated as predictive of recurrence risk in an independent cohort of patients with resected OSCC and histologically negative margins, and is potentially applicable for clinical decision making on adjuvant treatment and disease monitoring.
Reference Interval Estimation from Mixed Distributions using Truncation Points and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Distance (kosmic)
Authors: Zierk Jakob , Arzideh Farhad , Kapsner Lorenz A. , Prokosch Hans-Ulrich , Metzler Markus , Rauh Manfred
Published: February 2020

Appropriate reference intervals are essential when using laboratory test results to guide medical decisions. Conventional approaches for the establishment of reference intervals rely on large samples from healthy and homogenous reference populations. However, this approach is associated with substantial financial and logistic challenges, subject to ethical restrictions in children, and limited in older individuals due to the high prevalence of chronic morbidities and medication. We implemented an indirect method for reference interval estimation, which uses mixed physiological and abnormal test results from clinical information systems, to overcome these restrictions. The algorithm minimizes the difference between an estimated parametrical distribution and a truncated part of the observed distribution, specifically, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov-distance between a hypothetical Gaussian distribution and the observed distribution of test results after Box-Cox-transformation. Simulations of common laboratory tests with increasing proportions of abnormal test results show reliable reference interval estimations even in challenging simulation scenarios, when <20% test results are abnormal. Additionally, reference intervals generated using samples from a university hospital’s laboratory information system, with a gradually increasing proportion of abnormal test results remained stable, even if samples from units with a substantial prevalence of pathologies were included. A high-performance open-source C++ implementation is available athttps://gitlab.miracum.org/kosmic.
Inflammatory cell infiltration in left atrial appendageal tissues of patients with atrial fibrillation and sinus rhythm
Authors: Hohmann Christopher , Pfister Roman , Mollenhauer Martin , Adler Christoph , Kozlowski Jolanta , Wodarz Andreas , Drebber Uta , Wippermann Jens , Michels Guido
Published: February 2020

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia in clinical practice and is known to be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Previous studies suggested a link between inflammation and AF by findings of increased inflammatory markers in AF patients. However, it has not been finally clarified whether inflammation is a systemic or a local phenomenon reflecting an active inflammatory process in the heart. To address this subject, human left atrial appendage tissues were obtained from 10 patients who underwent cardiac surgery and subjected to immunohistochemical analysis. The number of inflammatory CD3-positive T cells significantly increased from patients with sinus rhythm to paroxysmal AF and persistent AF, respectively. Interestingly, in patients with persistent AF, these cells were frequently arranged in small clusters. Subsequently, the number of inflammatory CD3-positive T cells decreased and was significantly lower in patients with permanent AF than in patients with persistent AF. Inflammatory CD20-positive B cells could only be detected very occasionally in all AF subgroups and were not locatable in patients with SR. Hence, our data emphasize the potential prominent role of the cellular component of the immune system in the development and perpetuation of AF.
Computational discovery of two-dimensional HfO2 zoo based on evolutionary structure search
Authors: Wang Yi , Ren Jie
Published: February 2020

Hafnium oxides have been widely applied in modern electronic and photonic devices as a thin film layer due to their wide electronic band gap and high dielectric constant.
5-Fold symmetry in superatomic scandium clusters: exploiting favourable orbital overlap to sequester spin
Authors: Gilmour J. T. A. , Gaston N.
Published: February 2020

5-Fold symmetry axes in scandium clusters localise same spin electrons. This explains the anomalously high magnetic moment of scandium clusters with 5-membered rings and clarifies the role of d-electrons in the formation of superatomic states.
Effective methane conversion to methanol on bi-functional graphene-oxide-supported platinum nanoclusters (Pt5) – a DFT study
Authors: Chang Chun-Chih , Liu Chi-You , Sun Ying-Chieh
Published: February 2020

Nowadays identifying a high-performance catalyst for converting methane to methanol is crucial because methanol serves as an excellent energy source and has wide chemical applications.
Strategy for achieving multiferroic E-type magnetic order in orthorhombic manganites RMnO3(R = La–Lu)
Authors: Xu Lanlan , Meng Junling , Liu Qingshi , Meng Jian , Liu Xiaojuan , Zhang Hongjie
Published: February 2020

The effect of the modulation of the lattice, orbital and spin coupling on the multiferroic properties in RMnO3has been studied from the view of the A-site size.
Hierarchical Co3O4 nanorods anchored on nitrogen doped reduced graphene oxide: a highly efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst for rechargeable Zn–air batteries
Authors: Sanchez Jaime S. , Maça Rudi Ruben , Pendashteh Afshin , Etacheri Vinodkumar , de la Peña O'Shea Víctor A. , Castillo-Rodríguez Miguel , Palma Jesus , Marcilla Rebeca
Published: February 2020

The electrocatalytic activity of the N-rGO/Co3O4 nanocomposites was tuned towards highly efficient bifunctional air-cathodes for Zn–Air batteries.
Facile catalyst recycling by thermomorphic behaviour avoiding organic solvents: a reactive ionic liquid in the homogeneous Pd-catalysed telomerisation of the renewable β-myrcene
Authors: Terhorst Michael , Kampwerth Anna , Marschand Amelie , Vogt Dieter , Vorholt Andreas J. , Seidensticker Thomas
Published: February 2020

Efficient utilization of reactive ionic liquid dimcarb for catalyst separation and as the dimethyl amine source in homogeneous Pd-catalysed telomerisation of renewable β-myrcene.
Surface-tailored graphene oxide paper: an efficient filter for dye pollutants
Authors: Kalita Hemen , Tyagi Himanshu , Aslam M.
Published: February 2020

This work demonstrates surface-tailored graphene paper as a filter for selectively removing two different classes of dye.
Nutritional and sensory characteristics of bread enriched with roasted prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) seed flour
Authors: Ali Rehab F. M. , El-Anany Ayman M. , Mousa Hassan M. , Hamad Essam M.
Published: February 2020

Nutritional and sensory properties of bread fortified with roasted prickly pears seed flour as a new functional bread.
Acetonitrile-assisted exfoliation of layered grey and black arsenic: contrasting properties
Authors: Antonatos Nikolas , Mazánek Vlastimil , Lazar Petr , Sturala Jiri , Sofer Zdeněk
Published: February 2020

We report herein the successful exfoliation of grey and black arsenic through shear force in acetonitrile. Both exfoliated materials displayed great photothermic effect while black arsenic was shown to be a better candidate for impedimetric volatile organic compounds sensor.
In situ TEM observation of liquid-state Sn nanoparticles vanishing in a SiO2 structure: a potential synthetic tool for controllable morphology evolution from core–shell to yolk–shell and hollow structures
Authors: Zhu Shilei , Nguyen Mai Thanh , Tokunaga Tomoharu , Wen Cheng-Yen , Yonezawa Tetsu
Published: February 2020

Controllable nanostructure evolution of Sn@SiO2 from core–shell to yolk–shell and hollow has been achieved by the interaction between liquid-state Sn and SiO2 shell, based on our in situ TEM observation results.
Structure elucidation of bacterial nonribosomal lipopeptides
Authors: Götze Sebastian , Stallforth Pierre
Published: February 2020

We provide a summary of the tools, which allow elucidate the structures of nonribosomal lipopetides.
Oxidative cyanation of 2-oxindoles: formal total synthesis of (±)-gliocladin C
Authors: Maity Arindam , Roy Avishek , Das Mrinal Kanti , De Subhadip , Naskar Malay , Bisai Alakesh
Published: February 2020

Oxidative direct cyanations of 3-alkyl/aryl 2-oxindoles using Cyano-1,2-BenziodoXol-3(1H)-one (CBX) have been developed. This methodology has been used for the formal total synthesis of (±)-gliocladin C in a few steps.
Microbial biocatalysis of quercetin-3-glucoside and isorhamnetin-3-glucoside inSalicornia herbaceaand their contribution to improved anti-inflammatory activity
Authors: Ahn Hyung Jin , You Hyun Ju , Park Myeong Soo , Li Zhipeng , Choe Deokyeong , Johnston Tony Vaughn , Ku Seockmo , Ji Geun Eog
Published: February 2020

Bifidobacterium animalissubsp.lactisAD011 catalyzed >85% of quercetin-3-glucoside and isorhamnetin-3-glucoside into quercetin (Q) and isorhamnetin (IR), respectively, in 2 h. These Q and IR showed improved anti-inflammatory activity.
Experimental and DFT studies on the ultrasonic energy-assisted extraction of the phytochemicals of Catharanthus roseus as green corrosion inhibitors for mild steel in NaCl medium
Authors: Palaniappan N. , Cole I. , Caballero-Briones F. , Manickam S. , Justin Thomas K. R. , Santos D.
Published: February 2020

C. roseus phytochemicals are physisorbed on the 111 Fe surface, and the oxygen non-bonding electron chemisorbed on the polarized state 111 Fe surface.
Lower Mg and S contents in solar salt used in kimchi enhances the taste and anticancer effects on HT-29 colon carcinoma cells
Authors: Yu Ting , Park Eui-Seong , Zhao Xin , Yi Ruo-Kun , Park Kun-Young
Published: February 2020

The anticancer effects of kimchi prepared with different kinds of solar salts were evaluated in an in vitro cellular system using HT-29 human colon carcinoma cells.
Highly efficient planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells with sequentially dip-coated deposited perovskite layers from a non-halide aqueous lead precursor
Authors: Adnan Muhammad , Lee Jae Kwan
Published: February 2020

High-performance PHJ MAPbI3 perovskite films fabricated using efficient and low-cost dip-coating deposition approach over ZnO/TiO2 bilayered ETL system from an aqueous non-halide Pb(NO3)2.
Effect of activation ratio on the characteristics of AC derived from anaerobic digester residue and its applications in supercapacitors
Authors: Wu Wentao , Zhang Lele , Wang Ce , Wang Jin , Qian Jiang , Song Shaomin , Yue Zhengbo
Published: February 2020

Anaerobic digestion biogas residue contains a large amount of lignocellulose, and is a potential valuable biomass source.
Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals the regulatory effects of inorganic nitrogen on the biosynthesis of Monascus pigments and citrinin
Authors: Hong Jia-Li , Wu Li , Lu Jin-Qiang , Zhou Wen-Bin , Cao Ying-Jia , Lv Wen-Long , Liu Bin , Rao Ping-Fan , Ni Li , Lv Xu-Cong
Published: February 2020

Comparative transcriptional approach (RNA sequencing combined with RT-qPCR) was used to investigate the regulatory mechanism of inorganic nitrogen on the biosynthesis of MPs and citrinin.
Possible scenario of forming a catalyst layer for proton exchange membrane fuel cells
Authors: Zeng R. , Zhang H. Y. , Liang S. Z. , Wang L. G. , Jiang L. J. , Liu X. P.
Published: February 2020

Ionomer in the catalyst layer provides an ion transport channel which is essential for many electrochemical devices.
Characterization of coal-based fulvic acid and the construction of a fulvic acid molecular model
Authors: Gong Guan-qun , Yuan Xin , Zhang Ying-jie , Li Ya-jun , Liu Wei-xin , Wang Ming , Zhao Yu-feng , Xu Liang-wei
Published: February 2020

Fulvic acid (FA) is composed of many molecular units with similar characteristic structures. The characterization and molecular model construction of coal-based FA is the key for the scientific basis and applied science of FA.
Hybrid microchannel-solid state micropore device for fast and optical cell detection
Authors: Olmos Carol M. , Rosero Gustavo , Fernández-Cabada Tamara , Booth Ross , Der Manuel , Cabaleiro Juan M. , Debut Alexis , Cumbal Luis , Pérez Maximiliano S. , Lerner Betiana
Published: February 2020

This paper presents a methodology for cell detection and counting using a device that combines PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) microfluidic multilayer channels with a single solid state micropore.
Synthesis of anionic ionic liquids@TpBd-(SO3)2 for the selective adsorption of cationic dyes with superior capacity
Authors: Dang Meng , Deng Qi-Liang , Tian Yan-Yan , Liu Chang , Shi Hai-Peng , Fang Guo-Zhen , Wang Shuo
Published: February 2020

Anionic ionic liquids@covalent organic materials for the selective adsorption of cationic dyes.
Bond-photon-phonon thermal relaxation in the M(X, X2) (M = Mo, Re, Ta, Ge, Sn; X = S, Se, and Te)
Authors: Liu Yonghui , Xiao Hongwei , Luo Li , Xiao Huayun
Published: February 2020

We systematically investigated the temperature-dependent bandgap energy and Raman shift on the bond length and bond energy, Debye temperature, and atomic cohesive energy for M(X, X2) via bond relaxation methods.
Unveiling the anti-cancer mechanism for half-sandwich and cyclometalated Ir(iii)-based complexes with functionalized α-lipoic acid
Authors: Wang Meng-Meng , Xue Xu-Ling , Sheng Xi-Xi , Su Yan , Kong Ya-Qiong , Qian Yong , Bao Jian-Chun , Su Zhi , Liu Hong-Ke
Published: February 2020

The introduction of LA improved the anticancer activity of the complex and helped overcome the cisplatin-resistance.
Facile in situ reductive synthesis of both nitrogen deficient and protonated g-C3N4 nanosheets for the synergistic enhancement of visible-light H2 evolution
Authors: Li Weisong , Guo Zheng , Jiang Litong , Zhong Lei , Li Guoning , Zhang Jiajun , Fan Kai , Gonzalez-Cortes Sergio , Jin Kuijuan , Xu Chunjian , Xiao Tiancun , Edwards Peter P.
Published: February 2020

Nitrogen deficient and protonated g-C3N4 was fabricated by the conjoint protocol utilizing NH4Cl as gas template and H3PO2 as doping agent, leading to enhanced visible-light harvesting and charge carrier separation to achieve efficient H2 evolution.
Atom-precise incorporation of platinum into ultrafine transition metal carbides for efficient synergetic electrochemical hydrogen evolution
Authors: Pan Xingxing , Lu Shuanglong , Zhang Duo , Zhang Ye , Duan Fang , Zhu Han , Gu Hongwei , Wang Shuao , Du Mingliang
Published: February 2020

A molecular level engineering method is proposed to fabricate ultrafine α-MoC1−xnanoparticlesin situformed on carbon nanofibers with atomic Pt doping. The hybrid catalyst exhibits superior HER electrocatalytic performance in acidic medium.
Ti3C2Tx MXene decorated black phosphorus nanosheets with improved visible-light photocatalytic activity: experimental and theoretical studies
Authors: Shao Binbin , Wang Jiajia , Liu Zhifeng , Zeng Guangming , Tang Lin , Liang Qinghua , He Qingyun , Wu Ting , Liu Yang , Yuan Xingzhong
Published: February 2020

Ti3C2Tx MXenes could be as an efficient co-catalyst for enhancing the photocatalytic performance of black phosphorus nanosheets.
Upconverting tri-doped calcium fluoride-based thin films: a comparison of the MOCVD and sol–gel preparation methods
Authors: Pellegrino Anna L. , La Manna Salvatore , Bartasyte Ausrine , Cortelletti Paolo , Lucchini Giacomo , Speghini Adolfo , Malandrino Graziella
Published: February 2020

Chemical approaches, either through vapor or solution routes, are applied to the preparation of tri-doped CaF2-based films for upconversion applications.
Supramolecular core–shell heterostructures with controllable multi-color-emitting properties
Authors: Zhang Hongyang , Lei Yilong , Wang Haitao , Wong Wai-Yeung
Published: February 2020

A series of supramolecular microscale heterojunctions were constructed via a seed-induced solution-epitaxy route and the fabricated multi-layer core–shell architectures possess diverse multi-color-emitting properties. The epitaxial growth mechanism of the growing unit nucleated on the preformed crystalline seed was investigated by the structural analysis of the three constituent crystals and the surface-interface energy balance.
Toward van der Waals epitaxy of transferable ferroelectric barium titanate films via a graphene monolayer
Authors: Dai Liyan , Niu Gang , Zhao Jinyan , Zhao Huifeng , Liu Yiwei , Wang Yankun , Zhang Yijun , Wu Heping , Wang Lingyan , Pfützenreuter Daniel , Schwarzkopf Jutta , Dubourdieu Catherine , Schroeder Thomas , Ye Zuo-Guang , Xie Ya-Hong , Ren Wei
Published: February 2020

Transferable highly (001)-oriented textured ferroelectric BaTiO3 thin films have been achieved on a graphene monolayer for wearable devices like sensors and actuators for future “Internet of Things” era.
Significant influence of the benzothiophene ring substitution position on the photovoltaic performance of benzodithiophene-based donor polymers
Authors: Tan Hua , Tan Hongyi , Zheng Xiangjun , Yang Jia , Yu Junting , Zhu Weiguo
Published: February 2020

To investigate the effects of the substitution position on the photovoltaic performance of donor polymers, two benzothiophene ring substituted BDT-based conjugated polymers (PBDTBTs-BDD and PBDTTBs-BDD) are designed and synthesized.
Stable and efficient phosphorescent organic light-emitting device utilizing a δ-carboline-containing host displaying thermally activated delayed fluorescence
Authors: Wang Hui , Zhao Hongyu , Zang Chunxiu , Liu Shihao , Zhang Letian , Xie Wenfa
Published: February 2020

A PHOLED with a δ-carboline-containing TADF-displaying host exhibits excellent device performance, including a high efficiency, low efficiency roll-off, and long operational lifetime.
Sonochemical reaction to control the near-infrared photoluminescence properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Maeda Yutaka , Konno Yui , Nishino Akane , Yamada Michio , Okudaira Saki , Miyauchi Yuhei , Matsuda Kazunari , Matsui Jun , Mitsuishi Masaya , Suzuki Mitsuaki
Published: February 2020

A simple one-step operation to control the PL properties of SWNTs by ultrasonic irradiation was developed with an appropriate surfactant under the optimized conditions of the irradiation time, SWNT concentration, and reaction atmosphere.
Cobalt-catalyzed regioselective hydrohydrazination of epoxides
Authors: Liu Xiangyu , Song Heng , Zhai Xiaofang , Tung Chen-Ho , Wang Wenguang
Published: February 2020

A series of valuable 1,1-hydrazinoalcohols were conveniently synthesized by catalytic hydrohydrazination of epoxides with the NH group of hydrazines.
Aqueous zinc ion batteries: focus on zinc metal anodes
Authors: Shin Jaeho , Lee Jimin , Park Youngbin , Choi Jang Wook
Published: February 2020

This perspective discusses the main issues with Zn anodes and highlights recent strategies to improve their performance in aqueous zinc ion batteries.
Patient-Reported Outcomes and Evidence-Based Practice in Speech-Language Pathology
Authors: Cohen Matthew L. , Hula William D.
Published: February 2020

Purpose

The patient's perspective of their health is a core component of evidence-based practice (EBP) and person-centered care. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs), captured with PRO measures (PROMs), are the main way of formally soliciting and measuring the patient's perspective. Currently, however, PROs play a relatively small role in mainstream speech-language pathology practice. The purpose of this article is to raise important questions about how PROs could be applied to EBP in speech-language pathology for individuals with communication disorders and to propose preliminary approaches to address some of these questions.

Method

Based on a narrative review of the literature, this article introduces relevant terminology and broadly describes PRO applications in other health care fields. The article also raises questions related to PRO-informed clinical practice in speech-language pathology. To address some of these questions, the article explores previous research to provide suggestions for clinical administration, interpretation, and future research.

Conclusion

More routine measurement of subjective health constructs via PROMs—for example, constructs such as effort, participation, self-efficacy, and psychosocial functioning—may improve EBP. More routine use of PROMs could significantly expand the information that is available to clinicians about individual clients and add to the evidence base for the profession of speech-language pathology. However, careful consideration and more research are needed on how to capture and interpret PROs from individuals with cognitive and language disorders.
Design and performance analysis of parametric suboptimal detectors in noise
Authors: Dai Zhen , Wang Pingbo , Cao Weihao
Published: February 2020

The design and performance analysis of detectors for weak signals in the symmetric α‐stable () noise is considered. The locally optimum detector (LOD) has the optimal performance, but in the case of noise, it is hard to implement in practise since there exists no closed form for the probability density function (PDF) of the noise. To solve this problem, many parametric suboptimal detectors have been proposed such as the soft limiter, locally suboptimum detector and generalised Cauchy detector. In this study, the authors propose a new low‐complexity parametric suboptimal detector, generalised Gaussian detector, which does not need the explicit expression of the noise PDF. In addition, the maximum deflection coefficient criterion is proposed to optimise all the parametric detectors. Furthermore, they compare the performance of the suboptimal detectors with the LOD based on the maximum deflection efficacy. Then, an optimal detection programme for weak signals detection in practise is obtained, and finally simulation results provide its superiority.
Channel correlation relied grouped spatial modulation for massive MIMO systems
Authors: Zuo Xingxuan , Zhang Jiankang , Mu Xiaomin , Yang Lie‐Liang
Published: February 2020

Massive multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) systems with hundreds of correlated antennas at base station are capable of offering abundant spatial resources. When spatial‐domain modulation is applied to these systems, the spatial modulation (SM) using only one radiofrequency chain benefits practical implementation, but suffers from significantly reduced multiplexing gain offered by the massive number of antennas. By contrast, the generalised SM (GSM) allows to simultaneously activate multiple transmit antennas, which improves spatial multiplexing gain, but degrades the achievable error performance, as its design pays no attention to the antenna correlation. The authors propose an antenna grouped SM (GrSM) scheme, which is capable of circumventing the shortcomings of both the SM and GSM schemes suffered in massive MIMO scenarios. In the proposed GrSM scheme, transmit antennas are partitioned into multiple groups, where the relatively strongly correlated antennas within individual groups are used to implement component SM schemes, while the relatively weakly correlated antennas in different groups are beneficial to obtain multiplexing gain. In order to further improve the spectral efficiency, adaptive modulation is integrated with GrSM to form the adaptive GrSM (AGrSM). The achievable error and spectral efficiency performance of GrSM and AGrSM systems are investigated based on both mathematical analysis and Monte‐Carlo simulations, which are also compared with that of the conventional SM and GSM schemes, when massive MIMO communication scenarios are considered. Their studies and performance results show that GrSM is a promising transmit scheme for massive MIMO, which can outperform both the SM and GSM schemes.
Indoor localisation algorithm based on MSIA and FCSO
Authors: Li Shirong , Fu Maosheng , Zhu Xuemei , Zhang Fenghui , Chang Xinyu , Zuo Xukun , He Fugui
Published: February 2020

The wireless local area network indoor localisation method based on fingerprints has been widely researched and applied due to its higher positioning accuracy and lower cost. However, its engineering is limited because of the large offline workload and time‐varying signal. To address these problems, an indoor localisation algorithm based on Markov state iterative analysis (MSIA) and fingerprint clustering structural optimisation (FCSO) is proposed in this study. First, the received signal strength time variation can be solved using the MSIA algorithm, which is based on the correlation of the memory source. Then, the offline workload can be considerably reduced and positioning accuracy can be improved with the FCSO algorithm, which contains fingerprint structural and clustering optimisation stages. In the structural optimisation stage, about half of the fingerprints can be omitted. In the clustering optimisation stage, high errors can be avoided. Finally, the locations of the positioning point can be obtained through the combination of MSIA and FCSO. Experimental results show the proposed algorithm can reduce the offline workload by about 50%, and the positioning accuracy can be increased when using MSIA and FCSO algorithms compared with other algorithms.
Design of coupled inductors using split winding scheme for bridgeless SEPIC
Authors: Prabhu Pavana , Urundady Vinatha
Published: February 2020

A bridgeless single‐ended primary inductance converter (SEPIC) is a highly preferred single‐stage front‐end AC–DC converter for applications requiring a wide variation of DC voltage because it also gives improved performance in terms of the quality of supply current. This study presents the design of coupled inductors for the bridgeless SEPIC using the split winding scheme. With coupling incorporated the required value of self‐inductances of the input and output inductors for the same performance is reduced. Also, they can be wound on the same core, thereby resulting in a reduction in size. The conventional method of tuning the coupling coefficient by adjusting the air‐gap is tedious. A split winding scheme for the distribution of windings over three limbs of E‐core for obtaining the desired coupling coefficient is presented. The split winding scheme for the design of coupled inductors for bridgeless SEPIC converter rated for 500 W, 20 kHz is illustrated. The effect of coupling on the volume, weight, cost, and efficiency of the converter is compared with the conventional SEPIC converter without coupling for a similar performance. The performance of the proposed converter is evaluated using MATLAB/Simulink simulation and experimental results with a laboratory prototype rated for 500 W.
High-resolution spectroscopy and spectropolarimetry of the total lunar eclipse January 2019
Authors: Strassmeier K. G. , Ilyin I. , Keles E. , Mallonn M. , Järvinen A. , Weber M. , Mackebrandt F. , Hill J. M.
Published: February 2020

Context. Observations of the Earthshine off the Moon allow for the unique opportunity to measure the large-scale Earth atmosphere. Another opportunity is realized during a total lunar eclipse which, if seen from the Moon, is like a transit of the Earth in front of the Sun.

Aims. We thus aim at transmission spectroscopy of an Earth transit by tracing the solar spectrum during the total lunar eclipse of January 21, 2019.

Methods. Time series spectra of the Tycho crater were taken with the Potsdam Echelle Polarimetric and Spectroscopic Instrument (PEPSI) at the Large Binocular Telescope in its polarimetric mode in Stokes IQUV at a spectral resolution of 130 000 (0.06 Å). In particular, the spectra cover the red parts of the optical spectrum between 7419–9067 Å. The spectrograph’s exposure meter was used to obtain a light curve of the lunar eclipse.

Results. The brightness of the Moon dimmed by 10.m75 during umbral eclipse. We found both branches of the O2 A-band almost completely saturated as well as a strong increase of H2O absorption during totality. A pseudo O2 emission feature remained at a wavelength of 7618 Å, but it is actually only a residual from different P-branch and R-branch absorptions. It nevertheless traces the eclipse. The deep penumbral spectra show significant excess absorption from the Na I 5890-Å doublet, the Ca II infrared triplet around 8600 Å, and the K I line at 7699 Å in addition to several hyper-fine-structure lines of Mn I and even from Ba II. The detections of the latter two elements are likely due to an untypical solar center-to-limb effect rather than Earth’s atmosphere. The absorption in Ca II and K I remained visible throughout umbral eclipse. Our radial velocities trace a wavelength dependent Rossiter-McLaughlin effect of the Earth eclipsing the Sun as seen from the Tycho crater and thereby confirm earlier observations. A small continuum polarization of the O2 A-band of 0.12% during umbral eclipse was detected at 6.3σ. No line polarization of the O2 A-band, or any other spectral-line feature, is detected outside nor inside eclipse. It places an upper limit of ≈0.2% on the degree of line polarization during transmission through Earth’s atmosphere and magnetosphere.
Forbidden atomic carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen emission lines in the water-poor comet C/2016 R2 (Pan-STARRS)
Authors: Raghuram S. , Hutsemékers D. , Opitom C. , Jehin E. , Bhardwaj A. , Manfroid J.
Published: February 2020

Context.The N2and CO-rich and water-depleted comet C/2016 R2 (Pan-STARRS) – hereafter “C/2016 R2” – is a unique comet for detailed spectroscopic analysis.

Aims.We aim to explore the associated photochemistry of parent species, which produces different metastable states and forbidden emissions, in this cometary coma of peculiar composition.

Methods.We reanalyzed the high-resolution spectra of comet C/2016 R2 obtained in February 2018 using the UVES spectrograph of the European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope. Various forbidden atomic emission lines of [CI], [NI], and [OI] were observed in the optical spectrum of this comet when it was at 2.8 au from the Sun. The observed forbidden emission intensity ratios are studied in the framework of a couple-chemistry emission model.

Results.The model calculations show that CO2is the major source of both atomic oxygen green and red doublet emissions in the coma of C/2016 R2 (while for most comets it is generally H2O), whereas, CO and N2govern the atomic carbon and nitrogen emissions, respectively. Our modeled oxygen green-to-red-doublet and carbon-to-nitrogen emission ratios are higher by a factor of three than what is found from observations. These discrepancies could be due to uncertainties associated with photon cross sections or unknown production and/or loss sources. Our modeled oxygen green-to-red-doublet emission ratio is close to what is seen in observations when we consider an O2abundance with a production rate of 30% relative to the CO production rate. We constrained the mean photodissociation yield of CO, producing C(1S) at about 1%, a quantity which has not been measured in the laboratory. The collisional quenching is not a significant loss process for N(2D) though its radiative lifetime is significant (~10 h). Hence, the observed [NI] doublet-emission ratio ([NI] 5198/5200) of 1.22, which is smaller than the terrestrial measurement by a factor 1.4, is mainly due to the characteristic radiative decay of N(2D).
Ectopic teeth in a patient with Gorham-Stout disease previously treated by biphosphonates: a case report
Authors: Le Donne Mélanie , Jaby Philippe , Farge Pierre , Gleizal Arnaud
Published: February 2020

Introduction: Gorham-Stout disease is a rare idiopathic condition of the bone that is characterized by a massive and spontaneous osteolysis, with a vascular or lymphatic proliferation in bone, which is then replaced by fibrous tissue. Observation: a 16-year-old patient was referred to the maxillofacial surgery department to remove ectopic teeth bilaterally in the ramus. He had Gorham-Stout disease, managed for many years in orthopedic surgery department for a lower limb lesion and in neurosurgery department for a breach of the meninges. He was treated for 4 years with bisphosphonates. The removal of the ectopic teeth went well, with a simple postoperative course. Discussion: Gorham-Stout disease physiopathology remains unknown. Facial bones are often involved, especially the mandible. There are many possible treatments, but, due to the rarity of the disease, no therapeutic consensus exists. Bisphosphonates seem to be a good way to control this condition. So far, no case of bisphosphonates related osteonecrosis of the jaw has been reported in children. Conclusion: Gorham-Stout disease can involve the mandible and may lead to ectopic teeth.
Chronische Pankreatitis – ein Update aus Sicht der Chirurgie
Authors: Belyaev Orlin , Uhl Waldemar
Published: February 2020

Diese Übersichtsarbeit präsentiert den aktuellen evidenzbasierten Wissensstand über chronische Pankreatitis aus chirurgischer Sicht. Eine praxisorientierte Zusammenfassung der therapeutischen Strategie wird entsprechend den gültigen Leitlinien unter Berücksichtigung der neuesten Erkenntnisse aus der Literatur dargestellt.
The practical electromagnetic effect in surface-enhanced Raman scattering observed by the lithographically fabricated gold nanosquare dimers
Authors: Kaneko Satoshi , Watanabe Shuhei , Fujii Shintaro , Nishino Tomoaki , Kiguchi Manabu
Published: February 2020

We experimentally investigated the practical electromagnetic effects in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), using the precisely fabricated array of gold nanosquare dimers. The array of gold nanosquare dimers was fabricated by electron-beam exposure and the lift-off process. The Raman spectra of 1,4-benzenedithiol and 4-aminothiophenol were obtained at room temperature by exciting the longitudinal mode of the plasmon of gold nanodimers. The gap-size dependency of the enhancement factor of the complete symmetric mode clearly exhibited exponential decay with an increase in the gap size. The exponential decay behavior of each mode and molecule did not show a critical difference in the decay constant. The exponential decay of the enhancement factor was explained by the discrete dipole approximation. The pre-exponential factor obtained by the ν7a modes of ATP was much larger than that of BDT; however, the gap-size dependency of the enhancement factor of the ν8a mode did not exhibit a significant difference in the pre-exponential factors between BDT and ATP that reflects the difference in the chemical effects in SERS between vibration modes. By estimating the gap size dependency of the SERS intensity, we were able to compare the intrinsic chemical effects on the SERS enhancement between two molecules.
Highly efficient air-assisted multi-jet electrospinning with curved arranged spinnerets
Authors: Zheng Jianyi , Zhou Chuanyan , Zhang Zihan , Pan Yinbo , Kang Guoyi , Jiang Jiaxin , Liu Juan , Zheng Gaofeng
Published: February 2020

The uniform, rapid, and steady multi-jetting of nanofibers is the key to applying electrospinning technology in mass production. This paper aims to study an air-assisted multi-jet electrospinning method with a curvedly arranged multi-spinneret that can steadily and continuously produce nanofibers. An electrospinning device with a multi-spinneret which utilizes air flow to stretch and constrain jets is developed. The spinnerets are curvedly arranged in a 5 × 5 array, which can reduce the electric field interference between them. The air flow is guided through the gas hood and evenly distributed around each spinneret to form sheath layers, which mitigates the electric field interference between the spinnerets by reducing surface charge density of the jets and which stretches and constrains the jet, improving jetting stability and continuity. The influences of the electric field strength and the collection distance on jet ejection and deposition behavior are studied, and the influence of auxiliary air pressure on jet ejection initiation is also analyzed. The results show that the critical voltage of jet ejection of the central spinnerets is reduced from 8.2 kV to 3.4 kV when the auxiliary air pressure is increased from 0 kPa to 50 kPa, that of the inner spinnerets is reduced from 9.1 kV to 4.0 kV, and that of the outer spinnerets is reduced from 13.1 kV to 5.2 kV. The critical voltage of the outer spinnerets is higher than that of the inner spinnerets, and the critical voltage of the spinnerets in the center is the lowest. The design and development of the multi-spinneret curvedly arranged in a 5 × 5 array and the introduction of sheath air flow provide an effective means for uniform, rapid, and steady multi-jetting of nanofibers, which is beneficial in promoting the use of electrospinning technology in mass production applications.
Anti-guiding and guiding effects in GaN-based vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers
Authors: Chen Lih-Ren , Chen Bo-Yan , Kuo Shiou-Yi , Hong Kuo-Bin , Lu Tien-Chang
Published: February 2020

We study the lateral optical confinement effect on the performance and lasing characteristics of GaN-based vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs). The anti-guiding and guiding structures are designed by calculating the effective refractive index difference of active and cladding regions. By varying the compensation layer configuration and thickness, the designed effective refractive index of the active region is 0.44% higher than peripheral for the guiding structure. The threshold current density of VCSEL with the guiding structure is 25.4 kA/cm2, which is almost half of that with the anti-guiding structure showing 53.5 kA/cm2. For the anti-guiding structure, the signals from both active and cladding regions are observed by the far-field angle-resolved spectrum at 1.4 × Ith driving current, which agrees well with our simulation. Throughout the study, we show the advantage of the guiding structure both theoretically and experimentally. Moreover, an effective guiding structure is obtained by a proper design and simple device process, which will be very promising for mass production.
Proton radiation effects on carrier transport in diamond radiation detectors
Authors: Zou Mengnan , Bohon Jen , Smedley John , Distel James , Schmitt Kyle , Zhu Ren-Yuan , Zhang Liyuan , Muller Erik M.
Published: February 2020

Diamond, a highly radiation-resistant material, is considered a nearly ideal material for radiation detection, particularly in high-energy physics. In this study, radiation damage from high-energy proton beams was induced in diamond crystals to determine exposure lifetime in detectors made from this material; the effects were investigated using non-destructive x-ray techniques and through the FLUKA simulation package. Two diamond detectors were irradiated by an 800 MeV proton beam at different fluence rates, and the real-time current response was recorded to observe degradation in the signal over time. It was determined that the proton fluence rate had a significant effect on the device degradation. The detector performance from the irradiated detectors was characterized using x-ray beam-induced current measurements, and the mechanism of proton radiation damage to diamond sensors, especially the radiation effects on carrier transport, was studied. The vacancies generated from proton irradiation were considered the major source of detector degradation by trapping holes and inducing an internal electric field. Simulation results from the FLUKA package revealed an uneven distribution of the radiation-induced vacancies along the beam path, and the corresponding detector signals calculated from the simulation results displayed a good match to the experimental results.
A parameter estimation method for a zinc-nickel-single-flow battery
Authors: Guo Yang , Lu Ziguang , Song Chunning , Cheng Jie
Published: February 2020

Battery modeling is important for the battery management systems of zinc-nickel-single-flow batteries in which energy storage systems are applied to enhance the stability of power systems for new energy applications. To create a precise model, parameter identification and the model structure are studied for the case of a dynamic working current. First, a second-order equivalent circuit model is used to evaluate the influence of different fitting data on parameter identification, and then, a systematic comparison study of the models is conducted in which the parameters are identified based on different fitting data. Second, to further validate the accuracy of the proposed model, a dynamic stress test is performed. The simulated voltage and experimental voltage results demonstrate that the established battery model, in which the parameters are identified by the terminal voltage of the constant-current discharge curve, is suitable for simulating the dynamic characteristics of a zinc-nickel-single-flow battery under dynamic current loads.
Consideration of cooling loss process of the emitter for radiative cooling
Authors: Zhao Bin , Li Xinlong , Hu Mingke , Ao Xianze , Xuan Qingdong , Pei Gang
Published: February 2020

Sub-ambient daytime radiative cooling (SA-DRC) has been demonstrated by various advanced emitters in recent studies, which have attracted considerable attention from fundamental sciences and potential applications. Apart from emitter's unique radiative properties, the cooling loss of the emitter affects the performance of SA-DRC in actual applications. Although the emitter is fixed in an enclosure space to decrease the effect of ambient wind on the performance of cooling, the cooling loss of the emitter still exists, and an effective heat transfer coefficient between the emitter and ambient air has directly been widely used to predict the magnitude of the cooling loss power. However, this mathematical description is limited, which will lead to a controversial prediction in some cases. In this study, the cooling loss of the emitter was investigated based on a local environment. The simulation was conducted on the basis of four advanced emitters that were reported in recent studies, and the results show that the cooling loss of the emitter increases with the increasing interface temperature of the enclosure space that surrounds the emitter, which weakens the cooling effect of the emitter. A case study shows that the temperature reduction of an infrared-spectral-selective emitter could be degraded from −3.2 °C to 0.1 °C when the interface temperature increases from ambient temperature to 6 °C higher than ambient temperature, which implies that the cooling effect has been entirely destroyed.
Composition effects on structure and optical properties in double perovskite derivatives semiconductors Cs2SnI6−xBrx (x = 0–6)
Authors: Yang Xingming , Wang Yan , Jiang Junjie , Li Mengmeng , Tang Zheng , Cai Hongling , Zhang Fengming , Wu Xiaoshan
Published: February 2020

We have proved that Cs2SnI6−xBrx (x = 0–6) can be eutectic in the whole composition, and the eutectic phase has the similar cubic symmetry with both of the end phases (space group of Fm3¯m). The lattice constant decreases from around 11.67 Å (x = 0) to around 10.83 Å (x = 6). Hall-plot analysis shows that the strain varies sharply near the two end materials, while the strain is almost independent of Br content at the middle Br content. The bandgap, on the other hand, increases from 1.26 eV to 2.93 eV with increasing the Br content, which might be expected in fabricating the continuous junction solar cells.
Metal oxide catalyzed epitaxy (MOCATAXY) of β-Ga2O3 films in various orientations grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy
Authors: Mauze Akhil , Zhang Yuewei , Itoh Takeki , Wu Feng , Speck James S.
Published: February 2020

In this work, the growth of (010), (001), and 2¯01 β-Ga2O3 by plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy was investigated. The presence of an indium flux during growth markedly expands the growth regime for β-Ga2O3 across all orientations to higher growth temperatures and growth rates. This metal oxide catalyzed growth allows for similar growth rates of around 5 nm/min across all three orientations, more than twice that of conventional (010) growth and seven times that of (001) growth without indium. Smooth surface morphologies for (010) and (001) β-Ga2O3 were demonstrated, while 2¯01 was significantly rougher. Additionally, doping with Sn was achieved across all orientations and Hall measurements demonstrated higher electron mobility (55 cm2/Vs for a carrier concentration of 3.3 × 1018 cm−3) for (001) β-Ga2O3 grown via metal oxide catalyzed epitaxy than conventional growth.
Large energy resolution improvement of LYSO scintillator by electron beam lithography method
Authors: Liu Fangyuan , Yang Yanli , Liu Yingdu , Tang Wen , Zhu Jieqiong , Wang Pusen , Ouyang Xiaoping , Zhao Nie , Qi Fugang , Wang Hongwei , Xue Yuxiong
Published: February 2020

A (Lu,Y)2SiO5:Ce (LYSO) crystal, as a heavy inorganic scintillator, is currently in high demand for various applications in the fields of particle detection. However, its high refractive index (n = 1.83) gives restriction on the measurements of rare events or weak particle flow, where high energy resolution is urgently required for detectors based on the crystal. Utilizing the electron beam lithography technique and the ion beam lithography method, we have successfully prepared a 2.0 × 2.0 mm2 large area two-dimensional photonic crystal (PhC) structure on the LYSO crystal surface. Compared with the plain reference sample, the optical measurements show a 53% enhancement of light extraction for the LYSO nanostructured surface, and the resulted improvement of energy resolution (full width at half maximum) is measured to be 43.8% by gaussian fittings to the energy spectra excited by the 241Am α source. With the advantage of high-resolution patterning, high thermal stability, and firm stickiness on the substrate, the present prescription of the PhC fabrication is still favorable for some special fields (e.g., homeland security and space exploration) though the writing process is extremely time consuming and expensive to use.
Omnidirectional retroreflective surface using geodesic polyhedra
Authors: Mehrpour Bernety Hossein , Schurig David
Published: February 2020

In this paper, we present the design and analysis of omnidirectional retroreflective surfaces made of trihedral, corner reflectors to enhance the monostatic radar cross section of otherwise low back-scattering surfaces. The proposed designs can be mounted on helmets and used for various applications such as improving the collision avoidance of automotive radar systems in the presence of bicyclists and motorcyclists or improving collision prediction radars in contact sports or other risky environments, where helmets are used. To address these applications, we analyze the coherent response of the proposed designs.