bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Институт Конфуция в Благовещенске как центр российско-китайского сотрудничества
Authors: Хисамутдинова Наталья Владимировна
Published: September 2022

На примере Института Конфуция Благовещенского государственного педагогического университета рассмотрены вопросы сотрудничества российского Дальнего Востока и Китая в области образования и культуры. Открытый в 2007 г. в результате активных двусторонних связей с Хэйхэским университетом (провинция Хэйлунцзян), Институт Конфуция БГПУ стал не только областным центром изучения китайского языка и китайской культуры, но и важным звеном российско-китайского сотрудничества. Принимая во внимание высокую концентрацию Институтов Конфуция в Дальневосточном федеральном округе, делается вывод о большом значении данного региона для Китая и важной роли дальневосточных вузов во взаимоотношениях с соседней страной. Ключевые слова: Благовещенский государственный педагогический университет, Институт Конфуция, китайский язык, российско-китайские культурные связи
Религиозные предпочтения жителей современной Амурской области, Забайкальского края и Республики Саха (Якутия): по материалам социологического опроса
Authors: Федирко Оксана Петровна
Published: September 2022

В статье на основе авторских социологических исследований и публикаций прослеживаются специфические особенности конфессионального пространства западных и северо-западного регионов ДФО, сформировавшиеся в зависимости от географического расположения, вида субъекта (область, край, национальная республика). В научный оборот вводятся данные социологического опроса "Религиозно-этническая самоидентификация населения Дальнего Востока в начале XXI в.", проведенного с апреля 2020 по сентябрь 2021 гг. на территории Забайкальского края, Республики (Саха) и Амурской области среди разных возрастных групп. Рассматриваются ответы респондентов по четырем группам вопросов: численность верующих, конфессиональная принадлежность, участие в религиозной жизни и место религии в жизни опрошенных. Автор приходит к выводу о размытости понятия "верующий" у участников опроса, о крайне низком уровне конфессиональной грамотности и желания принимать участи в жизни религиозной организации. Делается вывод о малом влиянии религии на жизнь большинства самоиндетифицирующих себя с той или иной религией. Ключевые слова: религия, предпочтения, население, Амурская область, Забайкальский край, Республика Саха (Якутия)
Религиозная карта Магаданской области: локальность, специфика, вариативность
Authors: Поспелова Александра Ивановна , Поспелова София Валентиновна
Published: September 2022

Динамику религиозных трансформаций на дальнем Востоке можно определить как путь: от религиозного ренессанса разнообразных религиозных общин, расцвету (в рамках сепарационного типа государственно-церковных отношений), к стагнации и тенденциям поиска "новой религиозности" в "иных" религиях и духовных практиках, которые выходят за рамки культурной традиции исторически "православных" этносов в мусульманстве, или неошаманизме или в МОД "Аллатра" (религиозные диффузии). Актуальность темы исследования определяется необходимостью научного анализа современного состояния религиозной картины региона, а также анализа трансграничных взаимодействий российского Дальнего Востока в сфере влияние новых жителей региона в новых социально-экономических условиях на религиозную карту. Ключевые слова: религиозная динамика, религиозная карта Северо-Востока РФ, религиозные трансформации, религиозная диффузия.
Православие и светская школа Приморского края в 1991–2012 гг.
Authors: Логинова Татьяна Валерьевна
Published: September 2022

В статье представлен очерк развития в Приморье форм сотрудничества по вопросам духовно-нравственного воспитания, инфраструктуры преподавания православной культуры (учреждений, подразделений, мероприятий, документов) в 1991-2012 гг. В Приморском крае школа декларировала приверженность православию, сотрудничала с РПЦ, но оставалась светской. Попытки извлечь из православия эффективные инструменты воспитания не привели к формированию в регионе системы православной педагогики. Ключевые слова: религиозное образование, Русская православная церковь, десекуляризация, Приморский край, "Основы православной культуры", "Основы религиозных культур и светской этики".
Переселенческое законодательство как фактор экономического развития крестьянского хозяйства Приморской области второй половины XIX в.
Authors: Барбенко Ярослав Александрович
Published: September 2022

Многие аспекты жизни Приморской области регулировалось системой переселенческих законов, складывавшейся на протяжении всего дореволюционного времени. Автор рассмотрел нормы переселения в свете хозяйственной практики переселенцев и практики управления начальным хозяйственным обустройством переселенцев. Было установлено, что многие из особенностей переселенческого законодательства, ориентированные на заполнение территории, конфликтовали с интересами экономического развития хозяйства переселенцев и развития региона в целом. Важным условием особенностей экономического развития области были многочисленные отступления от норм переселенческого законодательства. Ключевые слова: Приамурье, Приморская область, экономическое развитие, переселение, крестьяне-переселенцы
АНАЛИЗА РАДА ДЕАЕРАТОРА У УСЛОВИМА ПРОМЈЕНЉИВОГ ОПТЕРЕЋЕЊА СИСТЕМА
Authors: Илић Цвијета
Published: September 2022

Деаератори су важне компоненте електроенергетских система, за издвајање раство­рених гасова из воде. У овом раду анализирани су могући проблеми при раду деаератора током промјене оптерећења, појаве корозије и кавитације. Дат је и примјер утицаја промјенљивог параметра на рад деаератора и напојне пумпе.
Поређење оптерећења компоненти клипног механизма Боксер-2 и V-2 мотора
Authors: Crnogorac Nikola
Published: September 2022

Тема рада представља упоредна анализа утицаја концепције градње мотора (конструкције) на оптерећења компоненти клипног механизма – летеће и главне рукавце, као и летећа и главна лежишта. Да би се добили резултати потребни за анализу, компоненте клипног механизма измоделоване су коришћењем софтвера за 3D моделовање, одакле су узете димензије и масени параметри. Да би се добило дејство покретачке силе целог механизма (силе притиска гасова) у софтверу за једнодимензиону гасну анализу направљен је модел једног меродавног цилиндра, чији су излазни параметри закони промене притиска у цилиндру током једног радног циклуса. Познавањем геометрије, масених параметара и покретачке силе, извршена је динамичка симулација, чији су резултати заправо тема овог рада – оптерећење рукаваца и лежишта клипног механизма. Након добијања резултата извршена је њихова упоредна анализа. На крају је извршена оцена резултата, наведене су предности и мане рада, као и могућност за даља истраживања.
RAZMATRANJE UTICAJA POČETKA UBRIZGAVANJA GORIVA PRI RAZLIČITIM REŽIMIMA RADA NA NORMALNU SILU KOD DIZEL MOTORA
Authors: Stjepanović Denis
Published: September 2022

U ovom radu prikazan je uticaj početka ubrizgavanja goriva pri različitim režimima rada na normalnu silu kod dizel motora. Kreirana su dva modela motora, od kojih jedan poseduje turbokompresor, na kojima su vršene potrebne simulacije. Rezultati simulacija su kasnije obrađeni, te su pomoću njih vršeni prorarčuni čiji je glavni cilj bio dobijanje dijagrama normalne sile. Tako dobijeni dijagrami normalne sile su diskutovani i međusobno poređeni za slučaj oba modelovana motora.
INTELIGENTNI TUTORING SISTEM ZA OBUKU INŽENJERA SOFTVERA
Authors: Dorić Luka
Published: September 2022

U sklopu ovog rada je dizajniran i implementiran inteligentni tutoring sistem. Opisane su teorijske osnove na kojima se sistem zasniva, arhitektura sistema, empirijska evaluacija sistema kao i unapređenja koja nas čekaju u narednom periodu. Rezultat rada jeste platforma za učenje koja nosi naziv Clean CaDET Tutor koji se primenjuje na nekoliko predmeta na Fakultetu Tehničkih Nauka u Novom Sadu.
ISPITIVANJE EFEKTIVNOSTI DIZAJN TRENDOVA VEB APLIKACIJA UPOTREBOM TEHNOLOGIJE PRAĆENJA POGLEDA I KURSORA
Authors: Stojinović Sofija
Published: September 2022

Cilj rada podrazumeva ispitivanje načina na koji različiti tipovi navigacije utiču na ponašanje korisnika pri korišćenju vebsajta, odnosno na korisničko iskustvo. Analizi su podrvgnuta dva tipa vebsajt navigacije: standardna horizontalna navigacija i hamburger meni navigacija. Sprovođenje eksperimenta upotrebom eye tracking tehnologije omogućilo je prikupljanje podataka koji su pružili uvid u ponašanje korisnika pri interakciji sa jednim i drugim tipom navigacije. Analiza eye tracking obrazaca skeniranja prototipa vebsajta zajedno sa analizom odgovora ispitanika dobijenih na osnovu ankete pokazale su da, u slučaju vebsajtova jednostavne informacione arhitekture, oba tipa navigacije obezbeđuju zadovoljavajuće korisničko iskustvo uz određene međusobne razlike.
The Factors Impact On Earnings Management On Indonesia Mining Company
Authors: Martinus Robert Hutauruk  , Agus Riyanto  , Greacela Utami Putri
Published: September 2022

This purpose of this research to analyze the impact of size, age, profitability, and leverage on earnings management of the company. The data sampling was selected using a purposive sampling technique to obtain 20 mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange IDX that can meet the criteria. The analysis in this study was binary logistic regression analysis through SPSS 26. The analysis found that firm size insignificant effect on earnings management. Company age has a negative and significant impact, profitability has no significant effect, and leverage insignificant effect on firm earnings management.
Pengaruh NPL Dan LDR Terhadap Profitability Perusahaan Perbankan Dengan CAR Sebagai Mediasi
Authors: Elizabeth Sugiarto Dermawan Silvia Chandrawati Susoni Basri,
Published: September 2022

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence regarding the effect of NPL and LDR on profitability through CAR as intervening variable. Profitability is proxied by ROA. Purposive sampling technique is used to collect data. This study uses data from 27 banking companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2018-2020 with total 81 data. The analysis technique used is path analysis and data are processed with SPSS 17. The result of data analysis found that NPL and LDR have negative insignificant effect on CAR. NPL indicates it has a negative significant effect on profitability. Meanwhile, LDR has a positive insignificant effect on profitability and CAR has a positive significant effect on profitability. Based on the result of path analysis, CAR cannot mediate the effect of NPL and LDR on profitability.
Analisis Rekonsiliasi Fiskal Laporan Keuangan PT.SFM Tahun 2020 Dalam Menghitung PPh Terutang
Authors: Purnamawati Helen Widjaja Suryanti,
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze the fiscal reconciliation of PT. SFM financial statement by the applicable current taxation regulations. The research subject in this study is PT. SFM. The objects used are commercial financial statements 2020, corporate income tax, income tax art. 29, and corporate annual tax return 2020. The method used in this research is a descriptive method and the method of data collection is done through observation, documentation, and interviews with the company. The results of the study indicate that there are several mistakes in the fiscal reconciliation made by the company that is not in accordance with tax regulations, so it has an impact on the calculation of corporate income tax payable.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Transfer Pricing Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur
Authors: Erica  , Ngadiman
Published: September 2022

This research aims to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of Tax, Bonus Mechanism, Debt Convenant, and Tunneling Incentive towards Transfer Pricing. This research uses secondary data obtained from Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The population of this research is all manufacture sector companies listed on the IDX in the 2015-2019 period. This research is conducted with a sample size of 50 data that were processed using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) ver 25.0 with multiple linear regression analysis method. The results of this research found that Tax has a significant positive effect on Transfer Pricing. Meanwhile Bonus Mechanism has no significant effect on Transfer Pricing. In addition, Debt Convenant and Tunneling Incentive have a significant negative effect on Transfer Pricing.
Determinant of Dividend Payout Ratiosin Consumer Goods Company
Authors: Yeko Fongky Chaniago  , Agustin Ekadjaja
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study was conducted to determine the effect of return on equity,cash ratios and managerial ownership on dividend payout ratios in consumer goods company listed on the Indonesian stock exchange (IDX) in the period 2017-2020. This study uses 15 companies sample from 53 company data were selected using purposive sampling method. The results of the study partially show that return on equity and managerial ownership have a significant and positive effect on the dividend payout ratio, while the cash ratio show positive but not significant results on dividend payout ratio in consumer goods company listed on the Indonesian stock exchange (IDX) in the period 2017 -2020 . Simultaneously, return on equity, cash ratio and manajerial ownership have a significant effect on dividend payout ratio in consumer goods company listed on the Indonesian stock exchange (IDX) in the period 2017-2020 .
Pengaruh Profitability Dan Institutional Ownership Terhadap Income Smoothing Dengan Moderasi Firm Size
Authors: Meita Florentina  , Rini Tri Hastuti
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of profitability and institutional ownership towards income smoothing practice with firm size as moderating variable in manufacturing companies listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange from the period 2018 – 2020. This study used 72 data from manufacturing companies that have been selected using the purposive sampling method with a total of 216 data for three years. The data used are secondary data in the form of financial statements. This research used econometric views (EViews) version 12 software to process the data. The result of the research shows that return on assets has no significant effect and institutional ownership has a positive significant effect on income smoothing practice. Firm size has no significant effect on the relation of return on asset and income smoothing practice, and firm size has no significant influence on the relation of institutional ownership and income smoothing practice.
Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Likuiditas, Konservatisme Akuntansi, dan Modal Intelektual terhadap Kualitas Laba
Authors: Vania Magdalena  , Estralita Trisnawati
Published: September 2022

This purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of profitability, liquidity, accounting conservatism, and intellectual capital on earning quality. This research was conducted on primary consumer goods sector company that are listed on IDX from 2018-2020, the samples were selected using purposive sampling method and 33 companies were acquired as valid data. The data collected were processed using Microsoft Excel 2019 and software Eviews 12. The analysis results showed that profitability, liquidity, accounting conservatism, and intellectual capital simultaneously have a significant effect on earning quality. Individually, profitability, liquidity, and intellectual capital do not have effects on earning quality. While, accounting conservatism has a negative effect on earning quality.
Biyomalzeme Uygulamaları İçin Sürdürülebilir Kaynaklardan Biyopolimerlerin İzolasyonu ve Saflaştırma Adımları
Authors: Mohamed Salma A. Taher , Yazar Havva , Emin Nuray
Published: September 2022

In the study carried out, obtaining environmentally friendly biopolymers from sustainable sources and their usability as biomaterials were investigated. For this purpose, collagen from bovine achilles tendon, fibroin from silkworm cocoon, sodium alginate from brown sea algae and bioactive components from gel of aloe vera were isolated and purified. Product efficiency were calculated as 79.8% (w/w), 69,49% (w/w from cocoons), 35.1% (w/w) and 1% (w/v dry weight in gel) for collagen, fibroin, sodium alginate and aloe vera, respectively. Tissue scaffolds were prepared from these biomolecules by freeze drying method. However, aloe vera gel could not maintain the structural integrity in solid form and could not form a 3-dimensional scaffold. FTIR analyzes of fibroin, collagen and sodium alginate scaffolds showed that the products were obtained pure and the chemical structure was preserved during lyophilization. Surface analyzes with SEM, on the other hand, supported that the scaffolds are suitable for tissue engineering applications. As a result, it was determined that bioactive polymers were obtained from sustainable sources, generally at room conditions, with high yield, instead of petroleum-derived polymers, and they could be used as biomaterials. Obtaining biomolecules from sustainable sources in this way has significant potential in solving both the raw material problem and the environmental pollution caused by polymers.
Determinants of Tomato Farmers Participation in Agricultural Services and Training Centre (ASTC) Activities
Authors: Onuwa Godfrey , Folorunsho Solomon
Published: September 2022

Agricultural production have remained rudimentary despite many years’ of technology development and transfer; to reverse this declining trend, several agricultural policies and programmes aimed at ensuring sustainable production, improved income and farm expansion with added value output have become very germane. This study therefore analyzed tomato farmers’ participation in ASTC activities in Jos-south local Government Area of Plateau state, Nigeria. This study adopted multi stage sampling techniques. Primary was data collected from 80 respondents, during the 2017/2018 farming season and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, participation index, weighted average index analysis and Binary Logit regression. The result of the study revealed that 73.8% were male; 88.75% had access to extension contact. The estimated mean for educational training, household size, farm income and farming experience were 6 years; 8 people; ₦108,500/ha and 12 years respectively. Also, most (68.7%) of the farmers have low participation index of ≤0.45; this trend is responsible for the existing low farm productivity of this crop in the area. Furthermore, the benefits derived from participating in ASTC activities among the respondents were significant as indicated by their weighted average index. In addition, the estimated coefficient of multiple determination (R2) was 0.7602. Also, the coefficients of household size (0.421), education (0.559), experience (0.808), income (0.485) and extension contact (0.376) were statistically significant; implying that these factors in the regression model affected the likelihood of farmer’s decision to participate in ASTC activities. Adequate labour supply; establishment of pilot farms; capacity training; access to agricultural credit, extension services, agro service centres, agricultural information, input supply and cooperative formation are strongly recommended.
Assessment of Physical Suitability of Soils for Vegetable Production in the Libga Irrigation Scheme, Northern Region, Ghana Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process and Weighted Overlay Analysis
Authors: Zakaria Yakubu Saaka , Shaibu Abdul-Ganiyu , Baatuuwie Bernard N
Published: September 2022

Assessing the suitability of soils for agricultural production is critical in promoting sustainable agriculture. Knowledge gained from soil suitability analysis provides the sound basis for making informed decisions about soil management and crop selection in a given area. In view of this, this study was carried out to assess the physical suitability of soils in the Libga Irrigation Scheme for the sustainable cultivation of jute mallow (Corchorus olitorius), tomato (Solanum lycoperscum L.) and cabbage (Brassica oleracea var capitata). Soil samples were collected at 0–30 cm and 30–60 cm depths from 50 geo-referenced points located at the nodes of a 100 m × 100 m regular grid. Particle size distribution, bulk density, total porosity, field capacity, permanent wilting point, available water capacity, saturated hydraulic conductivity, electrical conductivity and pH were determined following standard laboratory protocols at the AGSSIP Laboratory of the University for Development Studies, Nyankpala campus, Ghana. Weighting of soil properties was achieved through the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Soil suitability maps for the selected crops were produced using weighted overlay analysis in ArcGIS (10.5). The results showed that generally about 44.3 ha (76.4 %), 44.7 ha (82.2 %) and 55.7 ha (96.0 %) of the irrigation field are moderately suitable for jute mallow, tomato and cabbage production respectively. The major limiting factors for the crops were high BD and acidity levels. The AHP proved to be a very useful tool for the incorporation of farmers’ views into decision making about the suitability of soils for crop production.
Functional Perspective on Sourdough Bread
Authors: Kezer Gizem
Published: September 2022

In recent years, with the awareness of people, the interest in natural and functional foods has increased. Sourdough is a dough piece in which industrial culture yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), endogenous yeasts, lactic and acetic bacteria from the air and the ingredients used (flour, water, etc.) are active. In sourdough fermentation, yeast and lactic acid bacteria work together to form the natural flora. It has been proven by studies that breads prepared from sourdough have many advantages such as greater volume increase, stronger aroma, better crumb structure and long shelf life. In addition, sourdough fermentation has very important positive effects on human health. Various additives (malt flours, emulsifiers, microbial enzymes, dairy products, soy flour and potato flour) are used to delay the staling of bread. In the production of sourdough bread, high quality and long shelf-life breads can be obtained without the need for these additives. Thus, both natural and additive-free and functional breads are produced. In this review, it is aimed to raise awareness by giving information about the advantages of using sourdough in bread production. In the study, the concept of sourdough was discussed and information was given about the content of bread prepared using sourdough and its benefits on health.
Biotechnological Micronutrient Production: Recombinant DNA Technology-Based Vitamin A Synthesis
Authors: Giray Asli , Pekdemir Sibel
Published: September 2022

Vitamin A is an essential micronutrient and has important functions such as vision, growth, reproduction embryogenesis, cellular differentiation, and proliferation, immune function and epithelial protector in the organism. Biotechnological production of vitamins is increasing due to their advantages and significant advances. The vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) gene is extremely effective in binding oxygen and conducting it under hypoxic conditions. In this study, the production of vitamin A in E. herbicola (wild type) and its recombinant strains was investigated in LB medium and M9 medium (containing high concentrations (1%) of different carbon sources). The maximum production of vitamin A of the recombinant strain with the hemoglobin gene (vgb+) was observed in including glucose and sucrose M9 medium and their total product levels in vgb+ recombinant strain were 0.14 µg/ml and 0.1 µg/ml, respectively. The vitamin A production in the M9 medium with glucose and sucrose were 2-fold and 1.4- fold higher than that of the wild strain, respectively. The extracellular product level (0.07 µg/ml) in LB was 7-fold higher than wild strain at 48 h. These results reveal that the expression of VHb in E. herbicola in the both LB and M9 medium (containing 1% glucose and 1% sucrose, specially) increase the vitamin A production.
Honey as a Functional Food; Its Culinary Status
Authors: Güleç Hakan , Sarper Fulya
Published: September 2022

Using functional foods which are recently a rising value in the food science arouses curiosity in terms of health among people. Honey, as a natural functional food, might play an important role in the increase of this value with a large but conscious use of it in kitchens. Having a prebiotic property with its oligosaccharide components, honey has a characteristic of supporting the increase of probiotic Bifidobacterium and lactobacilli bacteria. In the current study, the culinary status of honey was investigated depending on the views of professional chef trainers. For honey that shows different compositions, chefs point out that, because of the changes of nectars in the flora collected by bees, the qualitative honey bought from local producers could be a more functional food by using it with sauces, milk products like yoghurt and cheese, with such spices as ginger, turmeric, black pepper, and cinnamon at room temperature without an application of heat treatment.
How to Affect the Number of Images on the Success Rate for Detection of Weeds with Deep Learning
Authors: Guzel Mustafa , Turan Bulent , Kadioglu Izzet , Sin Bahadir , Basturk Alper , Ahmed Khaled R.
Published: September 2022

The detection of weeds with computer vision without the help of an expert is important for scientific studies and other purposes. The images used for the detection of weeds are recorded under controlled conditions and used in image processing-deep learning methods. In this study, the images of 3-4-leaf (true-leaf) periods of the wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis) plant, which is the critical process for chemical control, were recorded from its natural environment by a drone. The datasets were included 50-100-250-500 and 1 000 raw images and were augmented by image preprocessing methods. Totally 12 different augmentation methods used and datasets were examined for understand how to affects the numbers of images on training-validation performance. YOLOv5 was used as a deep learning method and results of the datasets were evaluated with the Confusion Matrix, Metrics-Precision, and Train-Object Loss. For results of Confusion Matrix where 1 000 images gave the highest results with TP (True Positive) 80% and FP (False Positive) 20%. The TP-FP ratios of 500, 250, 100 and 50 image numbers were respectively; 65%-35%, 43%-57%, 0%-100% and 0%-100%. With 100 and 50 images, the system did not show any TP success. The highest metrics-precision ratio was found 92.52% for 1 000 images set and for 500 and 250 image sets respectively; 88.34% and 79.87%. The 100 and 50 images datasets did not show any metrics-precision ratio. The minimum object loss ratio was 5% at 50th epochs in the 100 images dataset. This dataset was followed by other 50, 250, 500, and 1 000 images respectively; 5.4%, 6.14%, 6.16%, and 8.07%.
Recent Progress on Melatonin-Induced Salinity Tolerance in Plants: An Overview
Authors: Yavaş İlkay , Hussain Saddam
Published: September 2022

In this context, it is necessary to select and develop salt-tolerant genotypes that can grow in salty soils and have high yields, and formulate strategies which may enhance the plant survival under salinity stress. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine) is an important biological hormone that provides resistance to abiotic stress conditions and can be secreted by plants. Melatonin concentration in plants varies depending on genotype, temperature and growth period. Increase in melatonin concentration is associated with increased SNAT and HIOMAT/ASMT enzyme activity. It plays an important role in gibberellic acid and abscisic acid biosynthesis during the germination and provides plant growth and development. Exogenous application of melatonin significantly alleviates chlorophyll degradation and stomatal closure caused by salt stress, improves photosynthesis and enhances plants' salt tolerance. Besides it significantly reduces the harmful effects of salinity by regulating plant physiology, improving plant morphology, photosynthesis and activities of antioxidant enzymes. The present review discusses the recent studies on the effect of melatonin on plant growth and physiology against salt stress that have important impacts on plant growth and development have been given according to the findings of various researches. It also highlights the mechanim/s of melatonin-induced salinity stress tolerance in plants.
Determination of Climate Change Adaptation Behavior of Wheat Producing Farmers; the Case of Çorum Province in Turkiye
Authors: Karakas Gungor
Published: September 2022

: Global climate change is a threat to Turkiye, especially in the agricultural sector. In recent years, the impact of climate change has been felt seriously in Çorum Province. The present study was carried out after it was observed that the average temperature in Çorum province, which was 10.8 °C in 1929-2019 period, rose up to 13.15 °C in 2020. The aim of the present study was to determine the factors that affect the climate change adaptation behavior of the farmers in Çorum, where 37% of the land is devoted to wheat production. A survey was conducted with 385 farmers in January and February, 2021. It was revealed that personal experience had a positive effect of 54% on adaptation behavior, 50% on risk perception and 81% on climate change beliefs. In addition, although belief in climate change had a 45% positive effect on risk perception, risk perception and beliefs had no significant effect on the adaptation behavior. As a result, raising the awareness of farmers about adaptation using agricultural extension services and personal experience teaching method before incurring economic loss is critical to reduce climate risks and to better adapt to climate change.
Assessment of Nutrient Availability in Soil Textural Constituent as Influenced by Land Use
Authors: Akingbola Oluwawemimo Omowumi , Dayo-Olagbende Gabriel Olufemi , Begusa Felix Efeoghene , Sunday Ewulo Babatunde , Akinbile Christopher Oluwakunmi
Published: September 2022

Investigating the nutrient composition in soil textural constituent as influenced by land use is a necessity towards a good soil conservative and management measure. In view of this, a laboratory experiment was conducted; soil samples were collected from different locations within and outside the Federal University of Technology, Akure and analyzed for basic chemical elements. The soil sampling was based on land use and six different soil samples were collected at a depth of 0-15cm. These samples included bare soil (BS), waterlogged soil (WS), maize cultivated soil (MS), cassava cultivated soil (CS), cassava-maize intercrop (CM), and mixed cropping of cassava, maize and cowpea (MC). The waterlogged soil was cultivated to rice while the bare soil was not cultivated. The soil samples were air-dried and crushed after which fractionation was carried out using a three-layer sieve to separate the soil particles into different size of 2mm to 0.5mm (Sand), 0.5mm-0.05mm (Silt) and
Effect of Crop Geometry on Growth, Yield and Quality of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Genotypes
Authors: Bhattarai Prakash , Mishra Tripathi Kalyani , Mani Gautam Durga , Kumar Shrestha Arjun
Published: September 2022

Field experiments were conducted in 2018 and 2019 at the National Potato Research Programme (NPRP), Lalitpur (1360 masl), Nepal, to determine the effect of crop geometry on the growth, yield, and quality of sweet potato genotypes. The experiment was laid out on sandy loam soil in a factorial randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications and comprised of a total of twelve treatment combinations of four crop geometry (60cm×25 cm, 60cm×30 cm, 70cm×25 cm, and 70cm×30 cm) and three genotypes (CIP 440015, CIP 440267 and Local White). Among the different crop geometries and genotypes evaluated, 70cm×30 cm plant spacing and Local White genotype were found statistically superior to enhance marketable tuberous root weight per plant (0.572 and 0.541 kg), tuberous root diameter (62.59 and 61.0 mm), shoot fresh weight (509 and 524 g), and tuberous root yield per plant (616 and 620 g). The genotype, Local White yielded higher among the genotypes. The reducing sugar content was influenced significantly by crop geometry and genotypes. The pooled mean showed the highest (15.48 and 17.26 %) reducing sugar in closer geometry 60 cm × 25 cm and Local White genotype respectively and the lowest (11.54 %) in the genotype CIP 440015. CIP genotypes, on the other hand, were high in ß carotene content, whereas the Local genotype had a negligible amount (0.35 mg/100g). On hectare level, our result showed that highest plant density of 66,666 plants ha-1 (60 cm × 25 cm) could give the highest yield per unit area due to greater crop biomass. Our findings suggest that crop geometry can have a considerable impact on sweet potato production. As a result, the geometry of sweet potatoes can be wide or narrow depending on our needs and the area available in our study area or a similar situation.
Combined Effect of Milk Source and Acidification Method of Cheese Milk on Properties of Mozzarella Cheese
Authors: Narayana Nayana Kumari , Palliyaguru Oshada Gihan
Published: September 2022

A 3×3 factorial arrangement of treatments in a completely randomized design was used to find out the combined effect of milk source {cow (CM), buffalo (BM) and mixed (CM:BM 1:1 ratio)} and the method of acidification {starter culture (SC): Streptococcus thermophilus, acetic acid (AA) and citric acid (CA)} of cheese milk on properties of Mozzarella cheese. Cheese made using BM and acidified with SC served as the control. Main effects of milk source and method of acidification of cheese milk showed a significant effect on yield of cheese whereas interaction effect was not observed. A significant interaction effect between milk source and method of acidification of cheese milk was observed for fat and protein percentages, meltability, b* value and sensory properties of resultant cheese. Fat and protein content was significantly higher in cheese made from BM acidified using AA and in control, respectively. Meltability was superior in Mozzarella cheese manufactured from CM acidified using CA compared to the control. Sensorily, Mozzarella cheese manufactured from mixed milk (CM: BM 1:1 ratio) acidified using CA obtained the highest mean score for all the sensory attributes and was significantly superior compared to the control. Therefore, the milk source and the method of acidification of cheese milk are closely linked to the yield and the quality characteristics of Mozzarella cheese and hence, careful selection of raw materials and manipulation of processing conditions are required to get an optimum quality end product.
The challenge to prove a rare cause of secondary arterial hypertension. A case report of a pediatric renal solitary fibrous tumor
Authors: Ganeva Kalina , Shivachev Petar , Anakievski Deyan , Kalchev Kalin , Balev Boyan , Iotova Violeta
Published: September 2022

Background. Childhood hypertension is getting more attention in recent years. We present a case report of a rare cause of secondary arterial hypertension in a teenage girl - a solitary fibrous tumor of the kidney. The case demonstrates that standard imaging techniques, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, are not fully reliable in the diagnosis of renovascular hypertension.
Case. A 15-year old girl was admitted to the Pediatric Department because of episodes of stiffness in the limbs, accompanied by pale skin and lips, dated 4 months back. During these episodes, high blood pressure up to 160/100 mmHg was measured. A 24-hour blood pressure monitoring demonstrated arterial hypertension stage II. Renovascular hypertension was suspected, but the computed tomography examination of the abdomen showed normal-sized renal arteries. In the left kidney hilum, an intraparenchymal formation was discovered. The data presented a non-specific lesion with a wide differential diagnosis. Given the fact that the patient had been treated with an ACE-inhibitor, serum renin level could not be correctly interpreted. The lesion was removed through a laparoscopic intervention. Intraoperatively, the tumor was compressing a small intra-renal vessel - a finding that hadn`t been discovered by the previous imaging studies. The final pathologist diagnosis was: solitary fibrous tumor. During the next six months of follow-up, the maximal blood pressure values of the patient were up to 120/80 mmHg.
Conclusions. Solitary fibrous tumors of the kidneys are infrequent in children. The presented case displays a rare form of initial clinical manifestation of this tumor. It is also a demonstration that standard imaging techniques are not able to get a precise visualization of the small intra-renal vessels. At the same time, the decision of whether or not to perform a more invasive procedure should be based on the clinical conditions and risks of the individual patient.
Evaluation of ciliary functions and ciliary beat frequency via cell culture method in patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia
Authors: Emiralioğlu Nagehan , Kiper Nural , Doğru Deniz , Yalçın Ebru , Hızal Mina Gharibzadeh , Polat Sanem Eryılmaz , Tuğcu Gökçen Dilşa , Günaydın Önder , Atilla Pergin , Bilgiç Elif , Kaya Bengisu , Hekimoğlu Rümeysa , Özçelik Uğur
Published: September 2022

Background. Cell culture increases both diagnostic specificity and sensitivity of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and the most important reason to use cell culture for definitive diagnosis in PCD is to exclude secondary ciliary defects. Here we aimed to evaluate the cilia functions and cilia ultrastructural abnormalities after ciliogenesis of cell culture in patients with definitive diagnosis of PCD. We also aimed to compare high speed videomicroscopy (HSVM) results of patients before and after ciliogenesis and to compare them with electron microscopy, genetic and immunofluorescence results in patients with positive diagnosis of PCD.
Methods. This study was conducted as a cross-sectional study in patients with PCD. HSVM, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunofluorescence staining results of the nasal biopsy samples taken from patients with the definitive diagnosis of PCD were evaluated and HSVM findings before and after cell culture were described.
Results. Ciliogenesis and regrowth in the cell culture occurred in the nasal biopsy sample of eight patients with PCD. The mean age of the patients was 15.5±4.2 years (8.5-18 years). Mean beat frequency was found to be 7.54±1.01 hz (6.53-9.45 hz) before cell culture, and 7.36±0.86 hz (6.02-7.99 hz) after cell culture in the nasal biopsy of patients. There was no significant difference in the beat frequency of PCD patients before and after cell culture. Ciliary function analysis showed the similar beating pattern before and after cell culture in patients with PCD.
Conclusions. This study showed us that there was no difference between cilia beat frequency and beat pattern before and after cell culture in patients with definitive diagnosis of PCD and repeated HSVM would be a useful diagnostic approach in patients who have no possibility to reach other diagnostic methods.
Early predictors of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen treatment failure in patients with respiratory distress admitted to the pediatric emergency department
Authors: Demir Şule , Yılmaz Sema Bozkaya , Kamit Fulya , Gökalp Gamze , Berksoy Emel , Demir Gülşah , Bardak Şefika , Yalçın Gülşen , Anıl Murat , Anıl Ayşe Berna
Published: September 2022

Background. High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy is a relatively new method used in patients with respiratory distress. The aim of the study was to evaluate the outcomes and to determine the baseline predictors of HFNC treatment failure in children with acute respiratory distress/failure in the pediatric emergency department.
Methods. Children with respiratory distress/failure aged 1 month to 18 years who underwent HFNC therapy with the pre-established protocol were retrospectively analyzed. HFNC therapy was used in respiratory and non-respiratory pathologies. HFNC failure was defined as the need for escalation to non-invasive ventilation or invasive mechanical ventilation. HFNC responders and non-responders were compared based on baseline clinical data.
Results. Of the 524 cases (median age:13 months; 292 males / 232 females), 484 (92.4%) had respiratory tract and 40 (7.6%) had non-respiratory tract pathologies. HFNC therapy was unsuccessful in 62 (11.8%) patients. The success rates were 81% and 55% in respiratory and non-respiratory diseases, respectively. In children with respiratory system pathologies, the pre-treatment venous pCO2 level (p: 0.045; OR: 0.958; 95%CI: 0.821-0.990) and the clinically important radiological finding on chest X-ray (lobar infiltration, atelectasis, pleural effusion) (p: 0.045; OR: 3.262; 95%CI: 1.178-9.034) were the most significant parameters in predicting HFNC failure. In children with non-respiratory pathologies, the pre-treatment venous lactate level (p: 0.008; OR: 1.558; 95%CI: 1.125-2.158) was a significant predictor of HFNC failure. There were no cases of pneumothorax or any other reported adverse effects related to HFNC therapy.
Conclusions. HFNC treatment is a safe oxygen therapy in children with respiratory distress/failure due to various etiologies in the emergency department. The lower venous pCO2 level increases and the clinically important radiological finding on chest radiograph decreases the success of HFNC treatment in respiratory pathologies. The higher venous lactate level is a predictor of HFNC treatment failure in non-respiratory pathologies.
Identifying the effects of excess weight, metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance on liver stiffness using ultrasound elastography in children
Authors: Karaman Zehra Filiz , Hatipoğlu Nihal , Kardaş Fatih , Saraçoğlu Sibel , Direk Gül , Kendirci Mustafa , Coşkun Abdulhakim
Published: September 2022

Background. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and insulin resistance (IR) are known predictors of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) which is one of the significant comorbidities of obesity. Obese children with MetS and IR are reported to be more likely to have advanced liver fibrosis compared to those without MetS or IR. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of excess weight, MetS and IR on liver fibrosis assessing liver stiffness in children using ultrasound elastography and compare gray scale ultrasonographic findings of hepatic steatosis (HS) with liver fibrosis.
Methods. The study group involved 131 overweight/obese children. The control group involved 50 healthy lean children. Groups were adjusted according to body mass index (BMI) and BMI-standard deviation scores (SDS). Liver stiffness measurements which are expressed by shear wave velocity (SWV) were performed for each individual. The study group was further subgrouped as children with MetS and without MetS, with IR and without IR.
Results. The mean SWV of liver was 1,07 ± 0,12 m/s in the control group and 1,15 ± 0,51 m/s in the study group. The difference was significant (p=0,047). SWV of liver was weakly correlated with age, BMI, BMI-SDS, Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The mean SWV of the liver in the study group for children without MetS was 1,1 ± 0,44 m/s, with MetS was 1,23 ± 0,70 m/s. The difference was not significant (p=0,719). The mean SWV of the liver in the study group for children without IR was 1,02 ± 0,29 m/s, with IR was 1,24 ± 0,61 m/s. The difference was not significant (p=0,101). In multivariate regression analysis, the only independent factor affecting liver stiffness was BMI-SDS (OR:2,584, 95% CI: 1,255- 5,318, p=0,010).
Conclusions. Obesity itself, regardless of MetS or IR seems to be the major problem affecting liver stiffness in this study. However, large scale longitudinal studies might clarify this issue.
Comparison of pediatric antibiotic prescribing practice between low and high prescribers for children in primary care
Authors: Kırmızı N İpek , Aydın Volkan , Akıcı Narin , Ataç Ömer , Akıcı Ahmet
Published: September 2022

Background. Antibiotic prescribing is more prevalent in children. Many factors influence this practice, including the burden of outpatient visits. We aimed to compare antibiotic prescribing for children by low prescribers (LP) and high prescribers (HP) in primary care.
Methods. We analyzed pediatric prescriptions in primary care in Istanbul. Among the physicians randomly selected by systematic sampling, those generating ≥1 pediatric prescription/day (n=1218) were defined as LP or HP when they belonged to the lowest (n=305) or highest (n=304) quartile of prescribing, respectively. The antibiotic prescribing characteristics of these groups were compared.
Results. We identified that 38.5% of the prescriptions written by physicians included antibiotics, significantly higher in HPs (38.8%) than in LPs (37.2%), (p=0.04). Among antibiotic-containing prescriptions, the mean number of drugs and boxes and the percentage of prescriptions containing injectable drugs/antibiotics were significantly higher in HPs compared to that in LPs. We detected that co-amoxiclav was the most frequently prescribed antibiotic in the LP and HP groups (61.1% and 48.3%, respectively). Stratification of antibiotics by their spectra showed that 11.2% were narrow, 79.8% were broad and 0.5% were ultra-broad-spectrum drugs. LPs were significantly more likely to prescribe broad-spectrum antibiotics (82.5%) than do HPs (78.9%,p < 0.001).
Conclusions. Antibiotic prescribing remains excessive in pediatric primary care, slightly more marked in HPs. While HPs also tend to prescribe a higher number of overall and injectable drugs/antibiotics, broad-spectrum anti-biotherapy seems to be more practiced by LPs surprisingly. Both physician groups appeared to prefer either narrow- or broad-spectrum drugs without paying enough attention to their pharmacodynamic properties.
Evaluation of the predictability of clinical and radiological findings in the diagnosis of malrotation
Authors: Türer Özlem Boybeyi , Özcan Hatice Nursun , Arslan Umut Ece , Usta Büşra Ragibe , Soyer Tutku , Haliloğlu Mithat , Tanyel Feridun Cahit
Published: September 2022

Background. To evaluate the predictability of clinical and radiological findings in the diagnosis of malrotation.
Methods. Between 2010 and 2020, children with presumptive diagnosis of malrotation were included. The demographic features, clinical and radiological findings, operative findings and outcome were recorded. The upper gastrointestinal series (UGIS) were evaluated by two radiologists. All parameters were correlated with surgical findings to evaluate the predictability.
Results. Seventy patients were included. The presenting symptom was bilious vomiting in 29 cases (41.4%), and atypical symptoms (non-bilious vomiting, food refusal, etc.) in 40 cases (57%). One of the cases (1.6%) was asymptomatic and diagnosed incidentally during UGIS. 52 cases had abdominal X-ray and 14 (26.9%) of them were normal. Doppler ultrasonography (US) (n=20) revealed evidence of malrotation in 13 cases (65%). The location of duodenojejunal junction (DJJ) in UGIS was compatible with malrotation in 33 cases. 48 (61%) cases underwent surgical exploration; 35 cases had malrotation and seven cases had midgut volvulus. Median followup time was one year (0.5-7 years). Volvulus has recurred in one case and another case operated for volvulus died because of short bowel syndrome. The statistical analysis for predictability revealed that bilious vomiting (sensitivity: 57.1%, specificity: 82.1%), Doppler US (sensitivity: 92.3%, specificity: 75%) and right-sided DJJ in UGIS (sensitivity: 96.8%, specificity: 75%) have highest predictability.
Conclusions. The bilious vomiting, Doppler US findings and right-sided DJJ have the highest predictability to confirm the diagnosis. However, presenting with atypical symptoms and having atypical or normal findings in UGIS do not rule out malrotation.