bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Development of Life Insurance in the Czech Republic and the Slovak
Republic
Authors: Ivanecká Lucie , Přečková Lenka
Published: February 2023

This article investigates the influence of selected determinants on the
development of life insurance in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic in the years
2007–2019. The aim of the present study is to examine whether there are relationships
between the development of selected determinants and the development of life insurance
in the Czech Republic and Slovak Republic. We are using the correlation analysis,
specifically Spearman‘s correlation coefficient, performed in the Eviews program with
quarterly data. The determinants can be divided into positive and negative. Positive
determinants encourage consumers to take out an insurance contract, thus acting to
increase interest in insurance. Negative determinants have the opposite effect, which
means that the consumer‘s willingness to take out insurance decreases, and the consumer
is not interested in insurance on the development of life insurance in selected
countries in the period under review. A positive impact on the development of life
insurance was found in the case of gross domestic product, average gross monthly wage,
interest rate on deposits and population in selected countries in the period under
review.
Comprehensive Review of Magnetic Polymeric Nanocomposites with Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Oil Removal from Water
Authors: Mendes Matheus De Souza Lima , Coutinho Lorena Celeste De Souza , Araujo Ayla Bastos , Neves Marcia Angelica Fernandes E Silva , Pedrosa Marcelo Sierpe
Published: February 2023

Several oil spills in aquatic environments have been reported over the last few years, and a great effort has been made to develop new techniques for collecting and removing oil from water on a large scale to prevent environmental pollution by this contaminant. In view of the various problems involving traditional methods, such as the generation of secondary pollution, high costs and complexity of synthesizing material and expenses to transport equipment, among others, new technologies have been developed for removal of oil from water. Among these, the use of magnetic polymeric nano-composites has presented promising results, since they have high oil adsorption efficiency, ease of material removal through an external magnetic field, low cost of synthesis and possibility of reusing the material for several cycles, among others. However, a lack of studies about these promising systems exists regarding this technology and its procedures. Therefore, here we present a brief bibliographic review of the synthesis routes to obtain magnetic polymeric nanocomposites containing superpara-magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles developed for oil removal from water and report future trends and perspectives for progress of this technology.
JOINING OF WOODEN STRUCTURES USING INSERT THREADE STEEL WASHERS
Authors: VANIN I. V. , ARISKIN M. V.
Published: February 2023

Introduction. Wood, being an affordable and renewable material characterized by high strength characteristics, is used in construction for both residential and non-residential buildings, as well as various structures. The strength and durability of buildings based on wooden structures largely depend on the strength and reliability of joints between wooden elements. At present, various types of nodal joints used in wooden structures all exhibit certain advantages and disadvantages, calling for an improvement and development of new types of joints having high strength and manufacturability.

Aim. In this work, the behavior of an improved joint of wooden structures using insert steel washers was investigated, along with the development of their manufacturing technology and methodology for studying.

Materials and methods. The investigation of the joint involves manufacturing a series of samples and conducting an experiment in order to determine the load to failure and ultimate strain.

Results. The manufacturing method of a joint and the experimental procedure were developed; values of load to failure and deformation were determined experimentally, with the deformation curves being plotted. It was revealed that the threaded connection of an insert steel washer and a rod leads to a decrease in the bearing capacity of the joint due to the thrust occurring in the adhesive line. In addition, it was established that the parameters of the steel washers affect the joint behavior.

Conclusion. Experimental studies of the joint showed that the threaded connection between the rod and the insert steel washers fails to increase the bearing capacity and stiffness of the joint due to the early failure of an adhesive line and the separation of the washers from a wooden element. However, using additional joints that accept the thrust in the connection can solve this problem. It is necessary to conduct additional research in order to assess the feasibility of using such a connection.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF SNOW LOAD DISTRIBUTION ON A SHELL OF THE GRAND SPORTS ARENA OF LUZHNIKI OLYMPIC COMPLEX
Authors: LEBEDEVA I. V. , FARFEL M. I. , KONYASHIN D. Yu. , BEREZIN M. M.
Published: February 2023

Introduction. The mechanism of the formation of snow deposits on the shell of the Luzhniki GSA and their redistribution in winter were established on the basis of the data obtained during the monitoring of the snow load for over 20 years.

Aim. In this article, the mechanism of the formation of snow deposits and their distribution on the shell of the Luzhniki GSA were determined, along with the numerical values of the form factor μ characterizing the transition from the ground snow load to the snow load on the shell.

Materials and methods. The measurements of the load and density of snow deposits on the shell of the Luzhniki GSA were carried out from 1998 to 2019. The obtained results were compared with the parallel measurements of ground snow load (GSL) in Luzhniki. In addition, the snow load, as well as statistical data analysis on the maximum annual values of the GSL, were analyzed using the hydrometeorological data of decadic snow surveys in Moscow, performed by the V.A. Mikhelson Meteorological Observatory following the dates of field measurements. The graphs of the repeatability of wind directions for the month preceding the observation dates were plotted.

Results. The maximum values of the form factor μ for each section of the shell were obtained. The areas characterized by increased snow deposition on the shell during various periods of snow accumulation andthe dependence of their formation on wind speeds and directions in winter were revealed. Graphs depicting the distribution of snow load on the surface by observation years were plotted. It was established that the values of snow loads on the GSA shell during the observation period generally lay within the design values, except for local zones near the internal contour during the installation of the canopy.

Conclusion. It was shown that the formation, accumulation, and redistribution of snow deposits on the shell comprise a complex and uneven process, varying from winter to winter. When selecting the analytical models of snow loads for calculating unique load-bearing structures, it is necessary to account for the most unfavorable wind flow directions, at which an uneven snow deposition pattern occurs, as well as the physical properties of the shell and field observations.
USE OF ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR CALCULATING STIFFNESSES OF STRAIGHT WAFFLE SLABS. PART 2. CALCULATION USING RELATIVE STIFFNESS OF BEAMS
Authors: MOZGOLOV M. V. , KOZLOVA E. V.
Published: February 2023

Introduction. The analytical calculation of reinforced concrete waffle slabs calls for the determination of the components of total load on joists, depending on the dimensions of spans and the rigidity of central joists. In the case of slabs having rectangular coffers of various orthogonal rigidity, this theory leads to results differing significantly from those obtained by the finite element method. The waffle slab comprises a ribbed slab, characterized by cylindrical or relative beam stiffness.

Aim. This article discusses the accuracy of the calculated span bending moments in the joists of straight reinforced concrete waffle slabs using the span dimensions and relative stiffness of joists in analytical formulas.

Materials and methods. The work was carried out by comparing the bending moments for joists in the central zones of straight waffle slabs obtained analytically and using the SCAD software by the finite-element method. Square or rectangular in plan, 13 slabs having different aspect ratios of waffle were considered. A T-beam and girder construction were used in the computer model.

Results. The maximum deviations of the bending moments obtained by the analytical calculation from the computer-aided method amount to: -0.6% for a square slab having square coffers, from -2.8 to +2.5% for a square slab having rectangular coffers, from -6.2 to +2.0% at a span ratio of Lmax/Lmin ≤ 1.5 for a rectangular slab having rectangular coffers, and from -7.3 to +4.8% for those having square coffers. For rectangular slabs having any coffers at a span ratio of Lmax/Lmin ≥ 1.75, a computer-aided calculation revealed that the plot of bending moments in the long-side direction deviates from parabola.

Conclusions. The use of the span dimensions and relative stiffness of joists in the analytical formulas for calculating straight hinge-supported reinforced concrete waffle slabs allows the values of bending moments to be obtained that are in agreement with those obtained by the finite element method.
CALCULATION OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES: CONSIDERATIONS ON DEVELOPING NEW THEORY
Authors: NAZARENKO V. G. , ZVEZDOV A. I. , LARIONOV E. A.
Published: February 2023

Introduction. Current regulatory documents in the field of concrete and reinforced concrete are based mainly on research results obtained in the past century.

Aim. This article addresses the approaches to improve the theory of calculation of concrete and reinforced concrete structures, in the light of the accumulated knowledge.

Materials and methods. Since concrete structures belong to non-conservative systems, it is inaccurate to determine the forces arising in them using standard methods of structural mechanics. To achieve this goal, the deformation and relaxation problems for an axially compressed concrete fiber were solved following the A.A. Gvozdev and K.Z. Galustov’s two-component theory of creep, where deformations are categorized on the basis of reversibility.

Results. Historical background was provided. Proposed by the authors of this article is a solution to the deformation and relaxation problems for the elementary part of a concrete structure for the case of axial compression, since such an event is impossible. In this regard, it was suggested that estimating the loss of stability by Euler is also incorrect. It was observed that the achieved maximum load-bearing capacity of the construction is equivalent to zero resistibility, with a progressive collapse occurring. For further research, it was proposed to use the hypothesis of a straight normal, assuming that this law is valid in the absence of tangential stresses in the studied sections of the structure.

Conclusions. To improve the theory of calculation of concrete and reinforced concrete structures, it is necessary to revise drastically the existing approach to scientific research.
FUNGSI DAN PERAN AGAMA DALAM PERUBAHAN SOSIAL INDIVIDU, MASYARAKAT
Authors: Irawan Deni
Published: February 2023

Religion on the one hand is sometimes likened to "two sides of a coin" that cannot be separated. It becomes an inseparable part. The role of religion in an individual's life functions as a value system that contains certain norms. Religion is influential as a motivator to encourage individuals to carry out activities, because actions taken in the context of religious beliefs are seen as elements of purity and obedience. Religion in personal life also functions as 1). Valuable resource for maintaining morale 2). 3) As a means of overcoming frustration and as a means of satisfying curiosity. While the functions of religion in social life include 1) Functional education, 2). Savior, 3) As redemption, 4). As social control, 5). As a driver of solidarity. 6). Transformational function, 7). Creative function, 8). Sublimation function. This article was compiled using descriptive qualitative methods to reveal the function and role of religion in social change of individuals and communities.
Analisis Potensi Kecurangan (Fraud) Terhadap Pengelolaan Keuangan Desa
Authors: Suharman  , Mahyus  , Eko Febri Lusiono  , U. Ari Alrizwan
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengukur peran sistem pengendalian internal dalam meminimalkan potensi terjadinya kecurangan dalam pengelolaan keuangan desa (studi kasus: Desa Simpang Empat, Kecamatan Tangaran). Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian diskriptif kualitatif dan jenis data yang digunakan adalah data primer. Teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara dan kuisioner. Kuisioner yang digunakan adalah kuisioner tertutup menggunakan skala Guttman. Hasil penelitian terkait aspek-aspek pengendalian internal sebagaimana tertuang dalam Peraturan Pemerintah nomor 60 tahun 2008 tentang Sistem Pengendalian Internal Pemerintah meliputi: Lingkungan pengendalian dengan skor 0,7268 yang berarti bahwa peran capaian pengendalian internal terhadap terjadinya potensi kecurangan sebesar 72,68% termasuk dalam kategori berperan. Penilaian risiko dengan skor 0,5757 yang berarti bahwa peran capaian pengendalian internal terhadap terjadinya potensi kecurangan sebesar 57,57% termasuk dalam kategori cukup berperan. Aktivitas pengendalian dengan skor 0,6349 yang berarti bahwa peran capaian pengendalian internal terhadap terjadinya potensi kecurangan sebesar 63,49% termasuk dalam kategori berperan. Informasi dan komunikasi dengan skor 0,7083 yang berarti bahwa peran capaian pengendalian internal terhadap terjadinya potensi kecurangan sebesar 70,83% termasuk dalam kategori berperan. Pemantauan pengendalian internal dengan skor 0,6888 yang berarti bahwa peran capaian pengendalian internal terhadap terjadinya potensi kecurangan sebesar 68,88% termasuk dalam kategori berperan. Sedangkan peran ke lima komponen tersebut secara bersama-sama dengan skor 0,6738 atau sebesar 67,38% yang termasuk dalam kategori berperan.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) AND INDIAN EDUCATION SYSTEM: PROMISING APPLICATIONS, POTENTIAL EFFECTIVENESS AND CHALLENGES
Authors: Dubey Gunjan , Hasan Mohammad , Alam Aftab
Published: February 2023

The 21st century has been regarded as the era of information and technologies and also proving it very much through the advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI). As a technological tool AI has changed the faces of society and markets a lot. Siri, Alexa, chatbots and so on, the promising tools of AI, are being used in deducting the customers’ preferences in making choices in on line shopping based on their past actions and experiences. Queries support system of banks, airlines, telecom companies and so on are being handled by AI enabled system too. Similarly, education sector has also become one of the subject matters of AI. It is a computer programme also known as machine learning system that can think, act, recognise the faces, deduct the objects and images, and follow the instructions as a human being can do. Many of the scientists are opined that AI is the future of education system and days are not far away when the entire educational activities including teaching-learning process may fall dependent on AI driven education system. Considering the potential applications and effectiveness of AI in education system, present article posits to explain the meaning, concepts, potential applications, effectiveness and challenges of AI with respect to Indian education system. Like any technology, AI also has some pros and cons in regard to its applications. AI driven education system may have some negative impacts like deterioration of values, threat to human civilisation, potential health risk of learners and staff, reduction in employment opportunities for traditional teachers, complete dependency on technology, learning gap, issues of data management and cyber securities and so on.
TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME). IX. A 27 Myr Extended Population of Lower Centaurus Crux with a Transiting Two-planet System
Authors: Wood Mackenna L. , Mann Andrew W. , Barber Madyson G. , Bush Jonathan L. , Kraus Adam L. , Tofflemire Benjamin M. , Vanderburg Andrew , Newton Elisabeth R. , Feiden Gregory A. , Zhou George , Bouma Luke G. , Quinn Samuel N. , Armstrong David J. , Osborn Ares , Adibekyan Vardan , Mena Elisa Delgado , Sousa Sergio G. , Gagné Jonathan , Fields Matthew J. , Milburn Reilly P. , Thao Pa Chia , Schmidt Stephen P. , Gnilka Crystal L. , Howell Steve B. , Law Nicholas M. , Ziegler Carl , Briceño César , Ricker George R. , Vanderspek Roland , Latham David W. , Seager Sara , Winn Joshua N. , Jenkins Jon M. , Schlieder Joshua E. , Osborn Hugh P. , Twicken Joseph D. , Ciardi David R. , Huang Chelsea X.
Published: February 2023

We report the discovery and characterization of a nearby (∼85 pc), older (27 ± 3 Myr), distributed stellar population near Lower Centaurus Crux (LCC), initially identified by searching for stars comoving with a candidate transiting planet from TESS (HD 109833; TOI 1097). We determine the association membership using Gaia kinematics, color–magnitude information, and rotation periods of candidate members. We measure its age using isochrones, gyrochronology, and Li depletion. While the association is near known populations of LCC, we find that it is older than any previously found LCC subgroup (10–16 Myr), and distinct in both position and velocity. In addition to the candidate planets around HD 109833, the association contains four directly imaged planetary-mass companions around three stars, YSES-1, YSES-2, and HD 95086, all of which were previously assigned membership in the younger LCC. Using the Notch pipeline, we identify a second candidate transiting planet around HD 109833. We use a suite of ground-based follow-up observations to validate the two transit signals as planetary in nature. HD 109833 b and c join the small but growing population of <100 Myr transiting planets from TESS. HD 109833 has a rotation period and Li abundance indicative of a young age (≲100 Myr), but a position and velocity on the outskirts of the new population, lower Li levels than similar members, and a color–magnitude diagram position below model predictions for 27 Myr. So, we cannot reject the possibility that HD 109833 is a young field star coincidentally nearby the population.
COSMOS2020: Identification of High-z Protocluster Candidates in COSMOS
Authors: Brinch Malte , Greve Thomas R. , Weaver John R. , Brammer Gabriel , Ilbert Olivier , Shuntov Marko , Jin Shuowen , Liu Daizhong , Giménez-Arteaga Clara , Casey Caitlin M. , Davidson Iary , Fujimoto Seiji , Koekemoer Anton M. , Kokorev Vasily , Magdis Georgios , McCracken H. J. , McPartland Conor J. R. , Mobasher Bahram , Sanders David B. , Toft Sune , Valentino Francesco , Zamorani Giovanni , Zavala Jorge ,   The COSMOS Team
Published: February 2023

We conduct a systematic search for protocluster candidates at z ≥ 6 in the Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS) field using the recently released COSMOS2020 source catalog. We select galaxies using a number of selection criteria to obtain a sample of galaxies that have a high probability of being inside a given redshift bin. We then apply overdensity analysis to the bins using two density estimators, a Weighted Adaptive Kernel estimator and a Weighted Voronoi Tessellation estimator. We have found 15 significant (>4σ) candidate galaxy overdensities across the redshift range 6 ≤ z ≤ 7.7. The majority of the galaxies appear to be on the galaxy main sequence at their respective epochs. We use multiple stellar-mass-to-halo-mass conversion methods to obtain a range of dark matter halo mass estimates for the overdensities in the range of ∼1011–1013
M
⊙, at the respective redshifts of the overdensities. The number and the masses of the halos associated with our protocluster candidates are consistent with what is expected from the area of a COSMOS-like survey in a standard Λ cold dark matter cosmology. Through comparison with simulation, we expect that all of the overdensities at z ≃ 6 will evolve into Virgo-/Coma-like clusters at present (i.e., with masses ∼1014–1015
M
⊙). Compared to other overdensities identified at z ≥ 6 via narrowband selection techniques, the overdensities presented appear to have ∼10× higher stellar masses and star formation rates (SFRs). We compare the evolution in the total SFR and stellar mass content of the protocluster candidates across the redshift range 6 ≤ z ≤ 7.7 and find agreement with the total average SFR from simulations.
Size and Spectroscopic Evolution of HectoMAP Quiescent Galaxies
Authors: Damjanov Ivana , Sohn Jubee , Geller Margaret J. , Utsumi Yousuke , Dell’Antonio Ian
Published: February 2023

The HectoMAP survey provides a complete, mass-limited sample of 30,231 quiescent galaxies with i-band Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC SSP) imaging that spans the redshift range 0.2 < z < 0.6. We combine half-light radii based on HSC SSP imaging with redshifts and D

n
4000 to explore the size–mass relation,

R

e

=
A
×

M

*

α

, and its evolution for the entire HectoMAP quiescent population and for two subsets of the data. Newcomers with 1.5 < D

n
4000 < 1.6 at each redshift show a steeper increase in A as the universe ages than the population that descends from galaxies that are already quiescent at the survey limit, z ∼ 0.6 (the resident population). In broad agreement with previous studies, evolution in the size–mass relation both for the entire HectoMAP sample and for the resident population (but not for the newcomers alone) is consistent with minor merger driven growth. For the resident population, the evolution in the size–mass relation is independent of the population age at z ∼ 0.6. The contrast between the sample of newcomers and the resident population provides insight into the role of commonly termed “progenitor bias” on the evolution of the size–mass relation.
Arp 220: A Post-starburst Galaxy with Little Current Star Formation outside of Its Nuclear Disks
Authors: Chandar Rupali , Caputo Miranda , Linden Sean , Mok Angus , Whitmore Bradley C. , Calzetti Daniela , Elmegreen Debra M. , Lee Janice C. , Ubeda Leonardo , White Richard , Cook David O.
Published: February 2023

The ultraluminous infrared galaxy Arp 220 is a late-stage merger with several tidal structures in the outskirts and two very compact, dusty nuclei that show evidence for extreme star formation and host at least one active galactic nucleus (AGN). New and archival high-resolution images taken by the Hubble Space Telescope provide a state-of-the-art view of the structures, dust, and stellar clusters in Arp 220. These images cover the near-ultraviolet, optical, and near-infrared in both broad- and narrowband filters. We find that ∼90% of the Hα emission arises from a shock-ionized bubble emanating from the AGN in the western nucleus, while the nuclear disks dominate the Paβ emission. Four very young (∼3–6 Myr) but lower-mass (≲104
M
⊙) clusters are detected in Hα within a few arcseconds of the nuclei, but they produce less than 1% of the line emission. We see little evidence for a population of massive clusters younger than 100 Myr anywhere in Arp 220, unlike previous reports in the literature. From the masses and ages of the detected clusters, we find that star formation took place more or less continuously starting approximately a few gigayears ago with a moderate rate between ≈3 and 12 M
⊙ yr−1. Approximately 100 Myr ago, star formation shut off suddenly everywhere (possibly due to a merging event), except in the nuclear disks. A very recent flicker of weak star formation produced the four young, low-mass clusters, while the rest of the galaxy appears to have remained in a post-starburst state. Cluster ages indicate that the tidal structures on the west side of the galaxy are older than those on the east side, but all appear to predate the shutoff of star formation. Arp 220 has many of the characteristics expected of a “shocked post-starburst galaxy,” since most of the system has been in a post-starburst state for the past ∼100 Myr and the detected Hα emission arises from shocked rather than photoionized gas.
Les emplois du verbe reformuler dans les forums de discussion
Authors: Vassiliadou Hélène
Published: February 2023

À travers l’analyse du verbe « reformuler » dans un corpus de forums de discussion, on propose une nouvelle entrée pour circonscrire la notion de reformulation et apporter des arguments supplémentaires en faveur de la restriction de son champ sémantique. Dans le type de corpus choisi, les locuteurs explicitent les stratégies qui sous-tendent leur activité reformulative. Il en ressort que l’intuition des locuteurs profanes confirme que reformuler signifie mettre en forme différemment afin de préciser, de clarifier la signification d’un segment.
La reformulation comme vecteur de développement de la littératie : le cas des apprenants adultes de (français) langue étrangère
Authors: Hidden Marie-Odile
Published: February 2023

L’article porte sur un sujet encore peu étudié en didactique des langues, la reformulation par des adultes allophones comme vecteur de développement de la littératie. Il s’intéresse à la reformulation-réajustement, c’est-à-dire la recherche d’une formulation plus appropriée lors d’une tâche rédactionnelle. L’auteure présente et analyse les résultats d’une enquête et d’une expérimentation sur la reformulation auprès d’un groupe d’apprenants allophones de niveau B1 en français qui montrent que si ces apprenants parviennent à mettre en œuvre des opérations reformulantes relativement variées, ils rencontrent encore des difficultés non négligeables. Elle propose ensuite deux démarches pédagogiques favorisant la production de reformulations en langue étrangère.
La reformulation dans l’écriture collaborative : niveau d’engagement et pattern d’interaction
Authors: La Russa Francesca , Nuzzo Elena
Published: February 2023

Dans cet article, nous nous intéressons à la reformulation d’apprenants d’italien L3 qui travaillent en binômes dans une tâche d’écriture collaborative, d’une portion variable (mot ou expression) de texte écrit après avoir reçu le feedback correctif. La reformulation est ici envisagée comme un processus collaboratif, dans lequel les apprenants travaillent ensemble sur la forme linguistique et co-construisent les connaissances pour arriver à la version reformulée. Nous observons ce processus en portant une attention particulière à deux facteurs : l’engagement des apprenants pendant la révision et la réécriture du texte et le pattern d’interaction entre eux. À cette fin, nous avons conduit une analyse qualitative des interactions entre deux binômes d’apprenants au cours de la révision et réécriture du texte, après avoir reçu du feedback de la part de l’enseignant. L’analyse des interactions montre qu’un niveau d’engagement élevé ainsi qu’un pattern d’interaction collaboratif dans cette phase mènent le plus souvent les apprenants à reformuler de manière correcte leurs erreurs.
Proposition d’une méthodologie de veille terminologique
Authors: Montané March Amor , Cabré Castellví Teresa
Published: February 2023

La terminologie scientifique et technique apparaît avec la production de nouvelles connaissances. Ainsi, la terminologie utilisée dans les textes spécialisés permet de connaître l’état des connaissances dans un domaine donné et d’identifier les nouveaux termes y apparaissant. Ces nouveaux termes représentent en principe l’évolution des connaissances dans le domaine. De plus, comme on le sait, l’anglais est la langue internationale de référence pour la production scientifique et technique. Partant de cette hypothèse, le projet Guaita terminològica réalise une prospective terminologique : il vise à explorer des textes de divers domaines de connaissance en anglais afin d’extraire les nouveaux termes qu’ils contiennent et de leur trouver un équivalent approprié en catalan, anticipant ainsi la diffusion de l’emprunt en anglais. L’objectif principal du projet consiste à valider une nouvelle méthodologie de travail, basée sur l’exploration d’un corpus textuel composé de différentes éditions en anglais de manuels spécialisés. Les premiers résultats de l’application de cette méthodologie confirment que l’on peut détecter des termes néologiques en anglais nécessaires pour rendre compte de l’état des connaissances dans un domaine spécifique et qui n’ont pas d’équivalents en catalan. Par conséquent, les résultats peuvent contribuer efficacement à la mise à jour des bases terminologiques de référence, telles que Cercaterm (TERMCAT) ou le portail CiT (Institut d’Estudis Catalans).
L’innovation du business model par les entreprises de services professionnels réglementées : le cas de l’expertise-comptable « 100% en ligne »
Authors: Azzam Jamal Eddine , Caussimont Marie , Lecocq Xavier
Published: February 2023

Cette recherche porte sur l’innovation du business model par les entreprises de services professionnels réglementées. Ce thème est important à explorer en raison de l’apparente contradiction entre les principes associés à l’innovation (hétérogénéité, nouveauté, variété, etc.) et ceux caractérisant les entreprises de services professionnels réglementées (stabilité, régulation, conformité, etc.). Nous avons mené une analyse approfondie du business model de l’expertise comptable 100% en ligne en France, un business model inédit pour ce secteur. Les résultats permettent de mettre en évidence les processus associés à l’introduction d’un business model innovant par les entreprises régulées ainsi que leurs conséquences. Nous présentons les implications théoriques pour la littérature sur les entreprises de services professionnels ainsi que pour les travaux sur l’innovation du business model . Codes JEL : L210, L26, M210, O310
Weyl almost anti-periodic solution to a neutral functional semilinear differential equation
Authors: Qi Weiwei , Li Yongkun
Published: February 2023

In this work, we first propose a concept of Weyl almost anti-periodic functions. Then, we make use of the contraction mapping principle and analysis techniques to research the existence of a unique Weyl almost anti-periodic solution to a neutral functional semilinear abstract differential equation. Finally, we give an example of a neutral functional partial differential equation to show the validity of the obtained results.
PLA/starch biodegradable fibers obtained by the electrospinning method for micronutrient mineral release
Authors: Malafatti João Otávio Donizette , de Oliveira Ruellas Thamara Machado , Sciena Camila Rodrigues , Paris Elaine Cristina
Published: February 2023

Developments in nanofibers seek to increasingly expand the field of support and release of actives, such as fertilizers. Using nanofibers as materials for mineral nutrients aims to increase the efficiency of contact release of the fertilizer to the plant root in the soil. Poly lactic acid (PLA) is a polymer with biocompatibility characteristics and spinning conditions. The starch biopolymer combined with PLA can improve the biodegradation properties and hydrophilicity of the fibers and allow the solubilization of the fertilizer source for the plant. Thus, the present paper sought to find a polymeric matrix in the form of PLA/starch nanofibers that could act in the release of the mineral micronutrient manganese as a model asset. The electrospinning method was employed to obtain the fibers varying the starch concentration from 10 to 50% (w/w) in the polymeric matrix. The nanocomposite containing manganese carbonate as a source of Mn2+ ions was produced from the best membrane composition. The results showed that the analyzed PLA/starch blends with 20% (w/w) provided better fiber affinity with water, which is fundamental for fiber degradation time. Regarding fertilizer release, the starch present in the PLA fiber at a concentration of 20% (m/m) promoted better control in the release of Mn2+. The total release occurred after 5 d in contact with the 2% citric acid extractive medium. Thus, PLA/starch fiber becomes an alternative in the packaging of particulate fertilizers, providing increased contact area during root application with gradual delivery of mineral nutrients and minimizing loss by leaching.
The mechanism of Parkinson oscillation in the cortex: Possible evidence in a feedback model projecting from the globus pallidus to the cortex
Authors: Xu Minbo , Hu Bing , Zhou Weiting , Wang Zhizhi , Zhu Luyao , Lin Jiahui , Wang Dingjiang
Published: February 2023

The origin, location and cause of Parkinson's oscillation are not clear at present. In this paper, we establish a new cortex-basal ganglia model to study the origin mechanism of Parkinson beta oscillation. Unlike many previous models, this model includes two direct inhibitory projections from the globus pallidus external (GPe) segment to the cortex. We first obtain the critical calculation formula of Parkinson's oscillation by using the method of Quasilinear analysis. Different from previous studies, the formula obtained in this paper can include the self-feedback connection of GPe. Then, we use the bifurcation analysis method to systematically explain the influence of some key parameters on the oscillation. We find that the bifurcation principle of different cortical nuclei is different. In general, the increase of the discharge capacity of the nuclei will cause oscillation. In some special cases, the sharp reduction of the discharge rate of the nuclei will also cause oscillation. The direction of bifurcation simulation is consistent with the critical condition curve. Finally, we discuss the characteristics of oscillation amplitude. At the beginning of the oscillation, the amplitude is relatively small; with the evolution of oscillation, the amplitude will gradually strengthen. This is consistent with the experimental phenomenon. In most cases, the amplitude of cortical inhibitory nuclei (CIN) is greater than that of cortical excitatory nuclei (CEX), and the two direct inhibitory projections feedback from GPe can significantly reduce the amplitude gap between them. We calculate the main frequency of the oscillation generated in this model, which basically falls between 13 and 30 Hz, belonging to the typical beta frequency band oscillation. Some new results obtained in this paper can help to better understand the origin mechanism of Parkinson's disease and have guiding significance for the development of experiments.
Presenze liguri-piemontesi a Saint Thomas
Authors: Lavarino Luca
Published: February 2023

L’articolo ripercorre la storia dei rapporti diplomatici e commerciali tra il Regno di Sardegna e la colonia danese di Saint Thomas soffermandosi in particolare sulle motivazioni che portarono l’amministrazione carloalbertina a scegliere l’isola come punto strategico per l’area antillana. La ricostruzione comprende la competizione interna per la nomina a regio console, le attività della ditta Francesco Fontana & Figli, i conseguenti primi flussi migratori e le cause che impedirono alla bandiera sarda di affermarsi nei traffici delle Isole Vergini Americane.
Risorgimento transatlantico: gli esuli e la promozione dell’Unità nazionale italiana negli Stati Uniti
Authors: Coniglio Luca
Published: February 2023

Avvalendosi principalmente di fonti diaristiche e della stampa coeva in lingua italiana e inglese pubblicata oltreoceano, questo articolo analizza le modalità con le quali gli esuli italiani negli Stati Uniti furono in grado di influenzare il dibattito pubblico americano alla metà dell’Ottocento, per creare un clima generalmente favorevole all’Unificazione italiana. Grazie all’opera di questi esuli, la situazione della Penisola Italiana, inserita nel più grande contesto delle rivoluzioni del Quarantotto europeo, scatenò negli Stati Uniti un interesse tale da poter essere considerata come uno dei primi antesignani dei grandi dibattiti sui grandi mass media. Interesse che la storiografia, per ora, ha approfondito solo in maniera tangenziale. Infatti, nonostante i pregevolissimi studi di Maurizio Isabella ed Elena Bacchin, l’asse italoamericano in periodo risorgimentale resta ancora sostanzialmente inesplorato.
Sradicati, migranti e colonizzatori nella riflessione sociologica di Robert Michels
Authors: Trocini Federico
Published: February 2023

La fama internazionale di cui tuttora gode il sociologo italo-tedesco Robert Michels (1876-1936) resta largamente legata allo straordinario successo del suo capolavoro del 1911, La sociologia del partito politico nella democrazia moderna. Nel corso della sua pluridecennale attività di scienziato sociale egli ebbe tuttavia occasione di occuparsi ripetutamente dei fenomeni migratori, al punto che le indagini da lui svolte su tale problematica non costituiscono affatto un capitolo a sé stante nel quadro complessivo della sua produzione intellettuale, ma anzi risultano parte integrante della sua riflessione sulla democrazia. L’obiettivo del presente saggio è dunque duplice. Da un lato esso consiste nel mettere a fuoco le premesse biografiche, storiche e culturali che fecero da sfondo all’interesse michelsiano nei confronti della questione migratoria. Dall’altro lato esso consiste invece nel ripercorrere parte delle contraddizioni cui la riflessione sociologica michelsiana andò incontro specie nel momento in cui, a partire dal 1911, essa si misurò con il problema dell’imperialismo italiano, finendo per farsi portavoce di un orientamento ideologicamente sempre più connotato nella direzione di un unilateralismo filo-italiano.
Introduction à la théorie de la Lune de Delaunay
Authors: Le Lay Colette
Published: February 2023

Les discussions entre astronomes français, et entre astronomes français et européens, sur le calcul des perturbations par la gravitation solaire du mouvement de la Lune autour de la Terre (système des trois corps), que Delaunay résout jusqu’au 7e ordre, corrigeant certaines erreurs de méthode de Le Verrier.
La leçon de cosmographie d’Hervé Faye sur les comètes
Authors: Le Lay Colette
Published: February 2023

La cosmographie est introduite en 1833 dans le cursus de mathématiques de la classe de rhétorique – l’équivalent de notre actuelle classe de Première ; la réforme « des mathématiques modernes » (1968-1971) signera l’arrêt de cet enseignement. Mais c’est en 1852, avec l’instauration d’une filière scientifique et d’une filière littéraire, que l’enseignement de la cosmographie se généralise effectivement : l’astronome Hervé Faye se conforme aux programmes en rédigeant en 1854 ses Leçons de cosmographie, à destination des enseignants – quel meilleur manuel que celui dont l’auteur avait découvert en 1843 une comète qui portera son nom, la comète 4/P Faye ?La leçon de Faye est de facture assez classique – sauf son évocation (hors programme, comme on dit), d’un potentiel « milieu résistant » dans lequel se meuvent les comètes : sujet du fameux éther luminifère qui tiendra en haleine les physiciens tout au long du XIXe s.À signaler aussi son évocation de la récurrente « peur des comètes », peur de 1773 (à propos d’un texte de Lalande sur les comètes !), et peur de la comète de Biela en 1832. Il semblerait qu’aujourd’hui les comètes (atchourissage du robot Philae sur la comète Tchourioumov-Guérassimenko, déc. 2014) suscitent un engouement presque aussi démesuré que la peur d’antan.
L’entraînement partiel de l’éther et la relativité restreinte
Authors: Samueli Jean-Jacques , Moatti Alexandre
Published: February 2023

Cet article de 1907 de Max von Laue fait le pont entre l’ancienne théorie de l’éther de Fresnel (1818) et la cinématique relativiste (1905). Dans un milieu d’indice de réfraction n en mouvement, la formule relativiste de composition des vitesses (entre la vitesse de la lumière et la vitesse du milieu réfringent) équivaut, en première approximation, à la formule classique d’addition de ces mêmes vitesses, tenant compte du « coefficient d’entraînement de l’éther » de Fresnel. Le lien est ainsi fait par Laue avec les expériences (valides !) du XIXe s., comme celle de Fizeau, permettant de sortir de l’impasse épistémologique d’une théorie caduque (l’éther de Fresnel) donnant pourtant des résultats corrects.
Euler en défense de Maupertuis à propos du principe de moindre action
Authors: Samueli Jean-Jacques , Moatti Alexandre
Published: February 2023

Euler défend en 1753 la paternité de Maupertuis sur le principe de moindre action (énoncé par celui-ci en 1744), contre König qui prétend que c’est Leibniz qui l’a mentionné en premier dans une lettre de 1707 – Euler prétendant que cette lettre était apocryphe… Voltaire s’en mêle et raille Euler comme Maupertuis ! L’article d’Euler montre bien le type d’arguments que peuvent se livrer de tout temps des savants dans une querelle de paternité. Comme par exemple le sophisme prêté par Euler à König : « Le principe de Maupertuis est faux ; et d’ailleurs il est de Leibniz ». La lettre de Leibniz est considérée à présent comme authentique ; et Leibniz avait bien défini l’action et le principe de moindre action (au moins en optique). Il n’a pas développé mathématiquement cette intuition. Maupertuis non plus : mais il l’a énoncé dans sa plus grande généralité – dans une recherche d’universalité nouvelle en physique. Lagrange donnera quelques années plus tard, en 1760, une démonstration et une formalisation mathématique complètes de ce principe, qui se traduit en mécanique analytique par l’équation d’Euler-Lagrange. Ce principe variationnel (minimisation d’une intégrale) trouve son application dans de nombreux sujets de statique, de dynamique, d’optique ou d’électromagnétisme (courbe de la chaînette, courbe brachistochrone, trajet de réfraction de la lumière, mirages optiques, loi de Poisson en électrostatique, loi de Kirchhoff en électricité,…).
La saga des neutrinos
Authors: de La Souchère Marie-Christine
Published: February 2023

Pauli pose de manière humoristique, dans cette lettre de décembre 1930, l’existence possible d’une particule neutre et très légère, qui sera… le neutrino. Il faut se rappeler qu’en 1930 le neutron lui-même, constituant du noyau, n’a pas été découvert (il le sera en 1932). Mais l’hypothèse de Pauli reste valable, elle est nécessaire pour expliquer le fait que dans la radioactivité bêta, le bilan énergétique semblait incomplet. Après la découverte du neutron, Fermi, qui avait embrayé sur l’idée de Pauli, baptise cette particule (pour l’instant) fantôme neutrino, de l’italien « petit neutron ». En 1956, au laboratoire Poltergeist (Savannah River, Caroline du Sud), une réaction nucléaire conçue par Cowan et Reines (prix Nobel de physique 1995) permet de détecter une production de 2 à 3 neutrinos par heure : l’hypothèse de Pauli était vérifiée. Cette « saga des neutrinos » nous conduit ensuite à leurs diverses manifestations. La radioactivité β− produisait des neutrinos électroniques, associés à l’électron. Les rayons cosmiques amenaient à l’existence d’une nouvelle variété de neutrinos, associés au muon, dits neutrinos muoniques. Le problème des neutrinos est bien leur caractère indétectable : leur absence d’interaction avec la matière rend leur capture malaisée. Le 23 février 1987, l’explosion observée de la supernova SN1987, dans le grand nuage de Magellan, permet de détecter 11 neutrinos en 13 secondes (débit totalement inhabituel) à l’observatoire japonais de Kamiokande, sur les 1058 émis en toutes directions par l’explosion stellaire. Il n’est pas impossible non plus qu’on puisse un jour détecter à 1,9K les neutrinos fossiles issus du Big Bang. Ce texte nous emmène, preuves et courbes de détection à l’appui, à la découverte des divers neutrinos, depuis l’hypothèse de 1930 et les premières vérifications de 1956 jusqu’à la supernova de 1987.
A Genetic Algorithm-Based Approach to Solve a New Time-Limited Travelling Salesman Problem
Authors: Mondal Moumita , Srivastava Durgesh
Published: February 2023

In this paper, the authors have explained a time limited travelling salesman problem (TSP) where a time limit is associated with each city. The traveller must reach each city on or before the predetermined time limit (that is fixed for each city) in his/her tour. Travel cost is also a parameter for the proposed model. This time limit indicates the maximum time unit by which the traveller must reach a particular city. Here, travel cost is the objective of the problem. Moreover, total travel time is also fixed for a complete tour. This research recently introduced this time limit for each of the cities. The proposed TSP is solved by using a genetic algorithm-based method. The cyclic crossover and special mutation operations have been adapted to GA for solving the proposed TSP. To show the effectiveness of proposed algorithm, the authors have considered some benchmark instances. Then the authors redefine a few benchmark instances for the proposed TSP. Computational results with different data sets are presented.
Examining the Beliefs, Attitudes, and Behavioural Responses of Indian Millennials Towards Social Media Advertisements
Authors: Arora Taanika
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the study is to examine the relationships of Indian social media users among their beliefs, attitudes, and behavioural responses towards social media advertisements. Hence, a conceptual framework based on Pollay and Mittal advertising model with two additional variables has been proposed. A quantitative approach of research has been followed, where data has been collected using a self-designed questionnaire from 472 Indian millennials who are active social media users. The results indicated that the proposed framework is a robust tool for measuring advertising effectiveness on social media sites, where the beliefs such as product information, hedonism, social role, and incentives have a significant positive relationship with attitude towards social media advertising, whereas the belief factors such as materialism, falsity, and irritation have a significant negative relationship with attitude towards social media advertising.
A Framework for Relationships in eCommerce Websites
Authors: Ghandour Ahmad , Parackal Mathew , Deans Kenneth R.
Published: February 2023

Consumers are increasingly shifting their purchase patterns from in-store to online. Consequently, retailers have had to go online to remain competitive. Research pundits argued the success of going online lies in the website's ability to create and maintain relationships with customers. This research aimed at investigating the relationship development process from the perspective of merchants to point out independent variables that influence such relation. The study is picking on the dyadic nature of the interaction in building relationship among people and apply it to the online relationships. In particular, the role of self-disclosure and privacy for enhancing this relationship was investigated. A deductive thematic approach was used based on a predefined themes informed by the literature guided the information collection through a semi-structured interview with eCommerce website owners. The study offers useful insights in establishing the pathway to creating and maintaining a loyal customer through a framework with propositions that are useful for eCommerce website managers.