bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Use of Phase Change Materials to Improve the External Walls' Thermal Parameters of Heated Buildings
Authors: Nakielska Magdalena Joanna , Kaczmarek Anna
Published: January 2024

Currently, it is estimated that the construction sector consumes over 40% of the energy produced and about 50% of the mass of processed materials. As a consequence, there is a challenge to look for alternative material solutions allowing for the storage and conversion of energy. Phase change materials give us such opportunities. Their introduction leads to additional benefits related to thermal parameters. The work presents a short overview of PCMs along with the possibility of their application. Then, as part of the research, the selected phase change material was applied to the internal plaster layer of an external wall to check its activity. The obtained results were compared to the values of reference samples (without PCM). The proposed solution leads to the improvement of the analyzed partitions' thermal parameters.
Multi-Criteria Analysis and Design Ideas of Green Façade Systems as Eco-Friendly Architectural Solutions
Authors: Kamińska Patrycja , Michalak Hanna
Published: January 2024

The article discusses current trends in designing green and eco-friendly façades of buildings of different functions in Poland and around the world. Information collected on completed façade projects, associated research and conclusions formulated on the basis thereof, indicate trends and possibilities for the use of contemporary material solutions and technologies in designing various forms of vertical 'greenery’ which support sustainable development of urban areas. The main objective of the research was to identify the most important features of green façades as eco-friendly architectural solutions. A case study with descriptions of the features and qualitative elements of 100 of the most architecturally interesting buildings with characteristic external wall structures was constructed for research purposes. The sites selected for the case study represent a review of global trends. The data was then used for a multi-criteria analysis of green façade systems from the perspective of eco-friendly architectural solutions. The conducted research, analyses and discussions on solutions already in place were then implemented as guidelines for innovative architectural design solutions, which were presented at the Faculty of Architecture at Poznań University of Technology in the form of selected diagrams and student visualisations. These comprised highly aesthetic compositions, possible to implement in the near future.
Costs involved in compliance with new endoscope reprocessing guidelines
Authors: Hoffman David , Cool Christina
Published: January 2024

Background/Aims: In March 2022, the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) released the American National Standards Institute (ANSI)/AAMI ST91:2021, their latest update on comprehensive, flexible, and semirigid endoscope reprocessing. These updated standards recommend the sterilization of high-risk endoscopes when possible and provide new recommendations for the precleaning, leak testing, manual cleaning, visual inspection, automated reprocessing, drying, storage, and transport of endoscopes.Methods: ANSI/AAMI ST91:2021 was compared with ANSI/AAMI ST91:2015 for major reprocessing differences that result in either time and/or cost increases. Time estimates were captured by explicit recommendation inclusion or taken from the literature. All the costs were estimated using publicly available resources.Results: The updated standards represent a potential 24.3-minute and 52.35 to 67.57 United States dollars increase per procedure in terms of reprocessing time and spending, respectively, not including capital investments. Capital costs per procedure were highly dependent on the procedure volume of the facility.Conclusions: The new AAMI standards recommend several major changes, such as sterilization, for facilities to reprocess and manage endoscopes between uses. As more facilities increase their reprocessing methods to reflect the updated standards, they do so at a cost and introduce several delays. As the reprocessing landscape evolves, facilities should consider their true costs and alternative solutions, such as single-use endoscopes.
Improving the accounting of assets held under economic management
Authors: Nederita Alexandru , Grabarovschi Ludmila
Published: January 2024

This Article reviews the main issues that arise while accounting for publicly owned assets under the economic management of public institutions, state- and municipal-owned enterprises, and of other similar entities. Such issues are related to the way of documenting, recognizing, valuating, and setting the useful life span of assets, as well as registering the assets received under economic management. In particular, this Article tackles some accounting aspects related to the subsequent costs incurred for the asset recovery at the expense of the entity's own resources, subsidies and funds received from the public authority that transferred the assets into economic management. In order to address the issues of accounting for favorable and unfavorable differences related to the operations of returning the aforementioned assets, there have been specified the categories of revenues and expenses to which they need to be reported. Likewise, some fiscal aspects of transactions with assets held under economic management have been investigated, including the specificities of VAT application, deduction of expenses and taxation of revenues recorded following the performance of the above-mentioned transactions. The basic research methods used: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, interpretation and comparison, review of normative acts which enabled us to substantiate some essential findings for the resolution of relevant research-related issues. The authors’ recommendations will lead to improving the accounting for the assets held under economic management, ensuring a higher degree of veracity and comparability of the information disclosed in financial statements.
Foreign trade of the Republic of Moldova: analysis, evaluation and perspectives
Authors: Colesnicova Tatiana , Iatisin Tatiana , Savga Larisa
Published: January 2024

This research is dedicated the foreign trade of the Republic of Moldova and the goal is to is to analyze the foreign trade of the country, identify the challenges, analyze and evaluate the situation in this domain. The trade policy of the Republic of Moldova is the main component of the country's economic policy and is aimed at developing foreign economic relations, in particular by promoting exports, protecting the national economy from foreign competition, regulating and monitoring imports and maintaining the trade balance. The analysis in this research was based on information from national and international scientific research, data from the National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova, data from national and international Reports. The amount of foreign trade in goods in the first half of 2023, decreased by 3.4% compared to the same period of the previous year. Thus, the volume of foreign trade in goods in this period amounted to 6413.8 million USD. Exports of goods decreased by 10.9% or 249.2 million USD, while imports increased by 0.5% which amounts to 21 million USD. In recent years there have been important changes in Moldova's foreign trade. The EU being the main partner, this is due to the international relations, namely the cooperation and partnership process with the European Union. These relations also have a favorable impact on the development of the Moldovan economy and play an important role in strengthening the country. At the same time, the EU supports small and medium-sized enterprises by providing financial support in the form of grants, loans, coaching and advisory support. EU financial support is aligned with the DCFTA objective and represents a favorable framework for increasing exports, enhancing the competitiveness of domestic producers, diversifying relations with European and international business partners, increasing the productivity of companies by streamlining production processes and efficient use of natural resources, improving the quality management of enterprises by increasing the quality of domestic products and services.
Strategic directions for the development of the capital market in the era of globalization: a legislative-normative analysis in the context of the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Iordachi Viorica
Published: January 2024

In the current context of the global economy, the capital market and securities hold significant importance, allowing for the mobilization and efficient use of financial resources. The development of capital market legislation must follow globalization trends, by harmonizing with international standards, increasing market accessibility, regulating emerging markets, improving supervision and regulation, as well as using technology and new business models. Legislative-normative analysis is crucial for understanding the functioning and regulatory mechanisms of the capital market. This helps not only to identify weaknesses and challenges in the system, but also to strengthen investor confidence by ensuring fair and transparent competition. Increasing market accessibility, harmonizing with international standards and improving supervision are essential aspects in this process. The central purpose of this article is to analyze in depth the impact of legislation and regulatory norms on the capital market, with special attention given to the impact of community norms in the process of implementing the community acquis. The article focuses on the development of investment strategies adapted and compliant with current legislation and regulations, thus highlighting the dynamics and complexity of the capital market in the international and community regulatory context.
AI-Based Advanced English Language Teaching Tools
Authors:   Assistant Professor, Department of English,  Anna University Regional Campus Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India., Mathumathi Dr. P. , Jaisankar Dr. D. ,   Professor, Department of English,  Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India., Saravanan Dr. J. ,   Assistant Professor, Department of English,  V V College of Engineering,  Tisaiyanvilai, Tamil Nadu, India., Priyadarshini Ms. M.C. ,   Assistant Professor, Department of English,  Vel Tech High Tech Dr. Rangarajan Dr. Sakunthala Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: January 2024

A new age of invention is rapidly approaching, and with it, the peaceful coexistence of people and technology. The AI Classroom will provide educators with the resources they need to keep up with the field’s rapid progress so that they can help students and their students’ families benefit from AI’s transformative power. In this book, the boundless possibilities of AI systems for ESL instruction are explored. The chance to use AI technology in creating a future-focused, student-centered education programme should not be passed up by teachers. If educators are flexible and open to the new normal, they will be able to spend more time with their students and do what they love.
Ending Diversity without Debate
Authors: Mast Tobias , Laude Lennart
Published: January 2024

How to Safeguard Germany's Free and Pluralistic Media .
Vapor-phase methods for synthesizing metal-organic framework thin films
Authors: Xue Lei , Luo Gen , Yang Xin-chun , Qin Yong , Zhang Bin
Published: January 2024

Due to their unique structures and exceptional physical and chemical properties, metal-organic framework (MOF) materials have garnered extensive attention in various fields, including catalysis, separations, sensing, and optics. Compared with powders or bulk MOF materials, MOF thin films exhibit large vertical and horizontal dimensions, higher specific surface areas, and abundant active sites and undergo facile combination with other functional centers for adsorption/separation, catalysis, and photoelectronic device applications. Among the methods used in preparing MOF thin films, the vapor phase approach enables more effective growth of MOF films with controllable thicknesses, uniformity, and compatibility; thus, it has attracted significant interest. This extensive review presents four vapor-phase approaches for preparing MOF thin films: the steam-assisted conversion method, vapor-phase transformations of metal oxide templates, vapor-phase linker exchange, and the atomic layer deposition/molecular layer deposition method. We summarize the advantages and disadvantages of these different vapor-phase-based methods for thin-film preparation, aiming to promote their use in precise and controllable surface syntheses.
Modificaciones inducidas por la instalación de sistemas abiertos sobre potencial hídrico del tallo y conductancia de hoja en vid y durazno
Authors: Reyes-Salas Víctor Manuel , Aureoles-Rodríguez Fabiola , Galván-Luna Juan José , I Gomís Joan Girona , Marsal-Vila Jordi
Published: January 2024

Al estudiar la transpiración de árboles frutales en campo, a nivel de todo el árbol, es necesario considerar la utilización de sistemas abier tos para la estimación real de las tasas de transpiración que aporten información confiable de consumos de agua de forma similar a la que se obtendría con un lisímetro. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar las modificaciones inducidas por la instalación de sistemas abiertos sobre el potencial hídrico del tallo y la conductancia de hoja en vid y durazno, y sobre la transpiración de árboles de durazno. Se utilizaron árboles de durazno (Prunus persica L. Batsch) cv. O Henry sobre pa trón Montclar y plantas de vid (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Pinot noir) sobre por tainjerto SO4, las cuales se colocaron en sistemas abiertos, mientras que una tercera se dejó abierta al aire libre como testigo. Las variables evaluadas fueron: temperatura, conductancia estomática, potencial hídrico y transpiración. La temperatura en el interior de las cámaras fue consistentemente superior a las del ambiente externo. Los árboles de durazno colocados dentro de las cámaras presentaron un potencial hídrico del tallo más negativo que el testigo. La conductancia estomá tica de las plantas de vid que se colocaron en las cámaras fue mayor que en las plantas al aire libre. Se concluye que el emplazamiento de un sistema abierto aumenta de forma importante la transpiración de las plantas que contiene. Posiblemente el aumento de la transpi ración, detectada con el uso de un sistema abierto, pueda inducir un cierto nivel de estrés hídrico en el caso de plantas sensibles a la de manda evaporativa.
Relación entre poliembrionía, apomixis y xenia en maíces poliembriónicos: evaluación en plántula
Authors: Avendaño-Sánchez Marselino Celestino , Espinoza-Velázquez José , Rodríguez-Herrera Raúl , De León-Castillo Humberto
Published: January 2024

La poliembrionía (PE) es una condición que con frecuencia se asocia a otros fenómenos reproductivos en angiospermas, como la apomixis.  En maíz ha sido identificada por varios años y se hereda mayormen te por herencia mendeliana. El Instituto Mexicano del Maíz “Dr. Mario E. Castro Gil” de la Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro (imm uaaan) ha generado genotípicos con alta PE (55 a 65%), condición asociada a más grasa cruda (30%) y lisina (40%) que en maíz común.  La hipótesis del trabajo amplio es la probable asociación de PE con apomixis y xenia. Este informe sólo presenta la evaluación agronó mica, dejando para otro los estudios de ADN. Los experimentos para seguir los tres fenómenos consistieron en el desarrollo de diversas progenies F1 (S1 o medios hermanos) y una serie de cruzamientos entre genotipos PE y no poliembriónicos (NPE), con o sin relación ge nética, derivadas todas de la población enana de alta PE (BAP). Las variables evaluadas fueron: porcentaje de germinación (GER), PE y anormalidades (ANOR). La PE para las líneas S1 y MH fue de 55 a 68%, la cual coincide con el nivel en BAP. Sin embargo, la evaluación mor fológica de líneas S1 y MH no brindaron información relevante sobre la posible relación PE-apomixis. En el estudio para xenia tampoco se detectó el probable efecto del genotipo paterno en el fenotipo de la progenie, pero se pudo corroborar la naturaleza recesiva de este tipo de poliembrionía y la penetrancia incompleta asociada a ella en la de tentada por los maíces del imm-uaaan. Todos los genotipos, paternos y progenies, proporcionaron tejido foliar para estudios futuros de ADN, conservado bajo condiciones de congelación.
Enemigos naturales de la escama de San José Quadraspidiotus perniciosus Comstock (Diaspididae: Hemiptera) en árboles de aguacate criollo de Parras, Coahuila, México
Authors: Sánchez-Flores Óscar Ángel , García-Martínez Oswaldo
Published: January 2024

De enero a julio de 2013, se realizaron muestreos quincenales de una escama armada presente en hojas, ramillas y ramas de árboles de aguacate criollo, localizados en traspatios de casas de la ciudad de Parras de la Fuente, Coah., México, determinando que es Quadraspidiotus perniciosus; de esta escama emergieron adultos de los parasitoides afelinidos Aphytishis panicus y A. comparei cuyo parasitismo natural promedio de ambas fue de 38.5%. También emergieron de la escama adultos de una especie de signiforidae del género Signiphora, desconociéndose si está actuando como parásito primario o hiperparásito en la escama. Además, se recolectó a los coccinélidos Diomusdebilis y Chilocoruscacti depredadores de la escama. La fauna de enemigos naturales de Q. perniciosus es diversa y mantiene sus poblaciones a niveles que no están causando daños económicos.
Características morfológicas relacionadas con la tolerancia a sequía en triticale
Authors: Montejo-Hernández Javier , Lozano-del Río Alejandro Javier , Zamora-Villa Víctor Manuel , Lozano-Cavazos Carlos Javier , Ibarra-Jiménez Luis , De la Garza Iliana
Published: January 2024

El factor abiótico más importante que limita el crecimiento de los cultivos es la disponibilidad de agua. El rendimiento es el principal índice de selección bajo condiciones de estrés de humedad. La eficiencia de selección puede mejorarse si se identifican atributos morfológicos y/o fisiológicos ligados al rendimiento bajo ambientes de estrés y emplearse como criterio de selección complementario. Estas características deben estar relacionadas positivamente con la tolerancia al estrés y ser de fácil evaluación. El estudio se realizó en dos localidades del norte de México durante el ciclo otoño-invierno (OI) 2012-2013, en Zaragoza, Coah., y el verano de 2013, en Navidad, N.L., donde se evaluaron 33 genotipos de triticale bajo diferentes regímenes de humedad. El diseño experimental consistió en bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones por tratamiento en los cinco ambientes. Se realizaron análisis de varianza individuales por ambiente y combinados entre ambientes para las variables estudiadas. Las variables fueron:  longitud de pedúnculo (LP), longitud de espiga (LE), peso seco de pedúnculo (PSP), peso seco de espigas (PSE), peso seco de hoja bandera (PSHB) y rendimiento de grano (RG). Se registraron diferencias estadísticas altamente significativas entre ambientes, tratamientos y la interacción ambientes x tratamientos. La prueba de comparación de medias entre los ambientes mostró que los ambientes con menor estrés hídrico reportaron los mayores valores para todas las características. Los análisis de regresión entre las variables morfológicas y agronómicas estudiadas y el rendimiento de grano mostraron una estrecha relación significativa y positiva con el rendimiento de grano, siendo factible la selección indirecta para tolerancia a sequía en triticale, particularmente la longitud del pedúnculo, la cual es una característica de fácil evaluación visual en campo, convirtiéndose en herramientas útiles en la selección de genotipos en ambientes con déficits de humedad.
Aislamiento y caracterización de bacterias endófitas asociadas con síntomas de punta morada de la papa
Authors: Notario-Zacarías María Isabel , Flores-Olivas Alberto , Gallegos-Morales Gabriel , García Martínez Oswaldo , Olalde-Portugal Víctor
Published: January 2024

La papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) es un cultivo muy importante para la humanidad, ya que por su volumen de producción ocupa el cuarto lugar a nivel mundial, y es atacado severamente por la enfermedad punta morada (PMP), lo que ocasiona grandes pérdidas e incrementa los costos de producción. Se considera que los fitoplasmas son el principal agente etiológico de la misma. En un primer intento por aislar fitoplasmas mediante el uso de medios de cultivo naturales, se observó una gran cantidad de bacterias endófitas y, desconociéndose la explicación de su naturaleza, se propuso hacer, en este trabajo, un sondeo general de las bacterias endófitas en plantas de papa enfermas con PMP e indagar respecto a su función en ellas. A través del aislamiento y reconocimiento de las bacterias se identificaron algunos géneros, entre otros: Labrys, Shinella, y Ralstonia. Entre los ensayos realizados destacan la promoción de crecimiento, pruebas de patogenicidad, y antagonismo a algunos hongos fitopatógenos. Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que dichas bacterias no producen efecto perjudicial en las plantas de papa, algunas de ellas son promotoras de crecimiento y son antagónicas a algunos agentes fitopatógenos, asimismo, pudiera ser que las bacterias endófitas encontradas ayuden a mantener viva a la planta aún con la sintomatología de PMP, debido a su capacidad antagónica y al efecto promotor de crecimiento ya que, si bien las bacterias únicamente presentan alguna de estas capacidades, la planta se ve favorecida con los beneficios conjuntos.
Efecto de diferentes niveles de salinidad en la germinación y vigor de semillas de cinco gramíneas forrajeras
Authors: Ruiz-Ramírez Santiago , Valdés-Oyervides Antonio , Facio Parra Federico , Arce-González Leopoldo
Published: January 2024

La salinidad provoca serios problemas que afectan a los pastizales, disminuyendo la disponibilidad de alimentación ani mal en regiones áridas y semiáridas, por lo que se requiere la evaluación de genotipos tolerantes y resistentes al estrés salino. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto de diferentes niveles de salinidad con KCl en la capacidad de germinación y vigor de la semilla de cinco gramíneas forrajeras. La investigación, se realizó en laboratorio e invernadero en la Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro en Buenavista, Saltillo, Coah., México, localizada a 25º 23’ LN y 103º 01’ LO, a una altitud de 1743 m. Se utilizó semilla de cinco especies de gramíneas forrajeras: pasto Buffel (Cenchrus ciliaris L.), pasto Rhodes (Chloris gayana L.), pasto Toledo (Brachiaria brizantha), Brachiaria hibrido cv. Mulato II y Panicum maximum cv. Tan zania. Los tratamientos evaluados en ambas condi-ciones fueron seis concentraciones de salinidad, utilizando KCl: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 y 25 dS/m, como testigo se utilizó agua destilada. Las variables evaluadas fueron: capacidad de germinación con las pruebas de vigor, índice velocidad de germinación, índice velocidad de emergencia, longitud media de plúmula, longitud media de radícula y peso seco de plántulas. Se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar con arreglo factorial con cuatro repeticiones. Los resultados indican que existen diferencias altamente significativas entre especies en las variables estudiadas, en los dos ambientes. Se encontró que al incrementar las concentraciones salinas, se afectó directamente la germinación y el vigor, obteniendo así un mayor número de semillas sin germinar y plántulas anormales. Se concluye que las especies más tolerantes a las sales en germinación y vigor son Tanzania y Brizantha.
Calidad espermática postcongelación de semen del macho cabrío Saanen en dos épocas del año
Authors: Nieto-Escorcia Miguel Angel , Ruiz-Zarate na Fernando , López-Trujillo na Ramiro , García Elizondo Roberto
Published: January 2024

La criopreservación de semen es importante en la reproducción caprina debido a que con este método, los espermatozoides del macho cabrío se pueden utilizar después de un largo período de almacenamiento. Esta técnica permite, además, extender la vida reproductiva del semental después de que este muere. Se colectaron eyaculados de cinco machos de raza Saanen por medio de vagina artificial, y se evaluó la calidad espermática en estado fresco y postcongelación en dos épocas del año: abril (días crecientes) y diciembre (días decrecientes). Las variables evaluadas fueron: volumen, concentración, viabilidad, motilidad masal y progresiva. Se utilizó un diluyente a base de Tris-yema de huevo, y el semen se diluyó en una proporción de 1:4 y se envasó en pajillas de 0.5 mL a una concentración promedio de 200 millones de espermatozoides móviles. Las pajillas se congelaron en vapores de nitrógeno líquido y se descongelaron a 37 ºC durante 15 seg. Los resultados mostraron mayor calidad seminal en las muestras en estado fresco (p<0.05) colectadas en diciembre. Por otra parte, no se encontró diferencia significativa (p>0.05) entre épocas en la calidad espermática postcongelación.
Estimación de aptitud combinatoria general y aptitud combinatoria específica en siete líneas de tomate (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
Authors: López-Benítez Alfonso , Borrego-Escalante Fernando , Zamora-Villa Víctor M. , Guerra- Zitlalapa Luis
Published: January 2024

Actualmente existe una demanda creciente de tomate, tanto para consumo fresco como para procesos industriales. Sin embargo, en México los rendimientos de esta hortaliza, tanto en campo abierto como en invernadero son muy bajos. Para incrementar la producción de tomate es necesario, entre otras acciones, realizar evaluaciones de híbridos y variedades, respecto a la habilidad combinatoria general y específica. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron estimar la aptitud combinatoria general (ACG) y aptitud combinatoria específica (ACE) de siete líneas de tomate saladette (Solanum lycopersicum L.) y de sus cruzas, determinar las caracte rísticas agronómicas importantes en rendimiento y estimar los efectos de heterosis promedio, varietal y específica. Los híbridos F1 se produjeron en un invernadero de la Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro en el ciclo PV 2009 y se evaluaron en un lote experimental de la misma universidad en el ciclo PV 2010. Las variables evaluadas fueron: rendimiento (REND), número total de frutos (NTF), peso de fruto (PF), longitud de fruto (LF), diámetro de fruto (DF) y días a inicio de floración (DIF). Se utilizó un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones. Se encontraron diferencias altamente significativas para los efectos de ACG para todos los caracteres a excepción de DIF que presentó diferencias significativas y DF que no presentó diferencias estadísticas para ninguna fuente de variación. Para los efectos de ACE no se presentaron diferencias estadísticas para ninguna fuente de variación. Los híbridos IR24xIR8, IR17xIR13 y IR14xIR9 presentaron altos efectos de ACE para rendimiento y por consecuencia los más altos rendimientos, aunque no superaron al de sus progenitores. Las líneas que mostraron el mayor efecto de ACG y el mayor rendimiento en la comparación de medias, podrían ser usadas en un programa de mejoramiento genético diseñado para explotar la acción génica aditiva en forma exitosa.
Thysanoptera (trips) del área protegida de Cuatro Ciénegas, Coahuila, México
Authors: Zúñiga-Sámano José Antonio , Johansen-Naime Roberto Miguel , García-Martínez Oswaldo , Retana-Salazar Axel Pedro , Sánchez-Valdez Víctor M.
Published: January 2024

En las áreas naturales protegidas de flora y fauna de Coahuila de Madera del Carmen y el Valle de Cuatro Ciénegas no se ha realizado investigación sobre insectos, incluyendo a los trips, por lo que se desconocen pormenores de este grupo de organismos que podrían ser de utilidad, sobre todo en aspectos de biodiversidad. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron: identificar las especies de trips presentes en el Valle de Cuatro Ciénegas; reconocer posibles especies nuevas; y generar una clave para los géneros presentes. Durante 2007 y 2008 se colectaron adultos de Thysanoptera (trips) en el Valle de Cuatro Ciénegas, para identificar las especies presentes en diferentes situaciones ecológicas. Para obtener especímenes se utilizó red entomológica y además se realizó una colecta directa de individuos en diferentes partes de plantas. Para identificar las especies, se utilizaron llaves morfológicas, y su confirmación posterior fue realizada por taxónomos reconocidos del grupo. A través del tiempo de colecta, se obtuvieron cuatro familias, 20 géneros y 61 especies. Se detallan aspectos de las especies nuevas obtenidas. La diversidad de trips en el Valle de Cuatro Ciénegas representa el 55 % de las 111 especies colectadas hasta el momento en el Estado de Coahuila. Se presenta una clave de los géneros detectados.
Compatibility of the Use of Personal Protective Equipment (Uniform) Based On Standard Operational Procedures in PT Ochiai Menara Indonesia Quality Control Subdivision
Authors: Purwanti Selvia Tri , Pertiwi Wike , Yuliawati July
Published: January 2024

This study aims to determine the suitability of using PPE (Uniform) based on SOP in the quality control subdivision of PT Ochiai Menara Indonesia. PT Ochiai Menara Indonesia is a manufacturing company that produces spare parts for the needs of the automotive industry which is located at Jl. Maligi Raya, Lot K-1 Industrial Area KIIC Karawang 41361 West Java Indonesia. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method with triangulation techniques. There were 3 subjects in this study, namely Assistant Manager, Leader, Coordinator of the quality control subdivision of PT. Ochiai tower of Indonesia. The results of the study showed that there was a mismatch in the use of PPE (uniform) when working. The solution to this problem is that management must give a direct warning to employees who wear uniforms that are not in accordance with company SOPs, and must replace uniforms by buying new uniforms from the company. conduct regular safety patrols so that employees comply with all company rules.
О развитии инклюзивной образовательной политики в Казахстане
Authors: Мухаметжанова Айгуль , Айдарбекова Кулжан , Косылган Эльнура
Published: January 2024

В данной статье авторы раскрывают результаты исследования инклюзивной образовательной политики на основе исследования соответствия законодательной базы страны индикаторам инклюзии, принятым в международном сообществе, а также исследования критериев Национальной образовательной базы данных по вопросам инклюзивного образования. В работе использованы такие методы, как изучение научно-методической литературы, нормативных правовых документов, анализ статистических данных, методы структурного и факторного анализа, синтеза, сравнительного анализа и обобщения результатов исследования. Авторы подтверждают актуальность положения Саламанской декларации о принципах, политике и практической деятельности в сфере образования лиц с особыми потребностями о том, что политика инклюзии декларирует необходимость изменения общества и его институтов таким образом, чтобы они благоприятствовали включению в социум любого человека.  Также они приходят к заключению, что для принятия решений по указанным проблемам требуются глубокие фундаментальные исследования в области создания инклюзивной образовательной среды во всех организациях образования, независимо от их вида, типа и уровня. На основе результатов исследования авторами сформулированы выводы и предложения по решению насущных вопросов развития инклюзивной образовательной политики государства.
Қазақстанның білім беру ұйымдарында инклюзивті практиканы іске асыру
Authors: Шатаева Айгерим , Даркембаева Асия , Оспанова Дана
Published: January 2024

Мақала Қазақстандағы инклюзивті білім беруді дамытудың қазіргі жағдайын талдауға арналған. Инклюзивті білім беру жағдайында жұмыс істейтін директорлармен, педагогтермен және мамандармен сапалы интервью материалдары негізінде инклюзивті практиканың негізгі көрсеткіштері анықталды: инклюзияның мәнін түсіну, инклюзивті білім беруді ұйымдастыру, оқу материалын бейімдеу әдістерін қолдану, педагогтердің ерекше білім беруді қажет ететін балалармен жұмыс істеуге дайындығы, респонденттердің инклюзивті білім беруді іске асыруды бағалауы және оларды жақсарту бойынша ұсыныстары. Зерттеудің эмпирикалық базасын интервьюмен қатар Google Forms форматында педагог қызметкерлерге жүргізілген сауалнама деректері және Қазақстан мектептерінде инклюзивті практиканы іске асыруды реттейтін нормативтік базаны талдау құрады. Ерекше назар қолдаудың кең түрлерін қамтитын психологиялық-педагогикалық қолдау жүйесіне аударылды (жеке білім беру бағытын ұйымдастыруды қажет ететін балаларды анықтау, инклюзивті білім беру процесіне қатысушыларға консультациялық-әдістемелік көмек көрсету, жеке оқу жоспарлары мен жеке бағдарламаларды іске асыруды сүйемелдеу және т.б.). Мақала авторлары балалардың жеке қажеттіліктері мен мүмкіндіктеріне сәйкес оқу бағдарламаларын бейімдеу бойынша педагогтердің кәсіби дамуын арттыру қажеттілігі, инклюзивті білім беру жағдайында балаларды әлеуметтендіру, оқыту, тәрбиелеу, дамыту іс-шараларын іске асыру мақсатында әртүрлі бейіндегі мамандардың күш-жігерін біріктірудің орындылығы жөнінде қорытынды жасайды.
Из опыта применения физических экспериментов с элементами робототехники на уроках в школе для повышения у школьников познавательного интереса и мотивации к учению
Authors: Герасимович Инна
Published: January 2024

В данной статье представлены результаты практического применения экспериментов с элементами робототехники на уроках физики в школе с целью исследования и решения проблемы повышения мотивации школьников к учению и формирования у них познавательного интереса к физике. Целью исследования является   апробация опыта использования на уроках физики в школе экспериментальных работ с применением LEGO Mindstorms EV3 для повышения мотивации и познавательного интереса учащихся к физике. В статье представлен обзор научно-педагогической литературы по проблеме повышения мотивации и познавательного интереса учащихся по физике. Результаты исследования показывают, что организация учебного физического эксперимента с применением LEGO Mindstorms EV3 позволяет превратить абстрактные концепции физики в конкретные, наглядные примеры, что может способствовать более глубокому пониманию материала учащимися. Исходя из полученных эмпирических результатов, можно сделать вывод, что применение физического эксперимента с использованием LEGO Mindstorms EV3 может быть отличным инструментом для повышения учебной мотивации и познавательного интереса обучающихся. Это способствует развитию их навыков, осуществлению творческого мышления и повышению интереса к науке и технологии. Данная статья может быть полезной для учителей физики, информатики, педагогических специалистов, занимающихся данной проблемой.
Climate change scenarios
Authors:   Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, Univerzita Karlova, Holtanová Eva , Halenka Tomáš
Published: January 2024

Climate change scenarios represent plausible alternative future climate states that can occur under certain assumptions about the evolution of anthropogenic climate forcings, in particular emissions and concentrations of greenhouse gases and aerosols, but also changes in land use. Possible pathways used to be presented in the form of emission scenarios, but today more broadly defined 'socio-economic pathways' (SSPs) are available. Climate change scenarios are a tool for finding the limits of possible future developments. Estimates of future climate can be made in different ways. Nowadays they are mostly based on the outputs of global climate models, with possible application of downscaling approach. The model outputs then need to be subjected to some form of post-processing before further application in order to reduce the impact of known model errors. The extent of uncertainty associated with the resulting data should also be assessed. In particular, the procedures used in the PERUN project will be presented, but also other options, including recent approaches such as storylines and global warming levels will be mentioned.
Long-range forecast of air temperature and precipitation for summer months in the Czech Republic
Authors:   Český hydrometeorologický ústav, Kliegrová Stanislava , Belda Michal ,   Katedra fyziky atmosféry, Univerzita Karlova, Metelka Ladislav ,   Český hydrometeorologický ústav, Štěpánek Petr ,   Ústav výzkumu globální změny AV ČR, v. v. i.,   Český hydrometeorologický ústav
Published: January 2024

Long-range forecasts, providing information on expected future atmospheric and oceanic conditions for periods of one to three months, are attractive to many sectors. This study analyses selected global models for long-range forecasts available in the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) archive, which provide air temperature and near-surface precipitation data at a spatial resolution of 1° x 1°, focusing on the forecast of the summer months (starting date 1 May) in the period 2000–2016 (a period of hindcasts common to all global models) and the area of the Czech Republic. E-OBS datasets of daily observed data for precipitation and temperature at a spatial resolution of 0.25° are used for comparison. Each long-range forecast model has several dozen ensemble members. Due to the way seasonal forecasts are issued and processed, measured data may be available for approximately 25 days when the latest forecast is published. In the analysis, 3 criteria are considered (correlation coefficient between daily air temperature, air temperature difference, and total precipitation difference, always in the first 24 days between an ensemble member and E-OBS), on the basis of which ensemble members are selected which in the initial period better they describe the actual course of temperatures and precipitation. In further processing, the results for the set of all members of the ensemble and the set of members selected according to the established criteria are compared.
Microphysics developments in the ALADIN model
Authors:   Český hydrometeorologický ústav, Němec David
Published: January 2024

The microphysics scheme is one of the fundamental physical parametrizations in climate models. The microphysics scheme is essential for precise precipitation forecasts. Recently, the microphysics scheme in the ALADIN model was enhanced; particularly, prognostic graupel was added and the computation of evaporation was changed. As a consequence, the bias of precipitation accumulations is partially reduced and the precipitation shadow is better simulated.
Precipitation by PERUN
Authors:   Ústav fyziky atmosféry AV ČR, v. v. i., Zacharov Petr , Brožková Radmila ,   Český hydrometeorologický ústav, Řezáčová Daniela ,   Ústav fyziky atmosféry AV ČR, v. v. i.
Published: January 2024

Weather reanalyses are a powerful tool for studying historical weather both at individual points and especially over an area. The detailed reanalysis produced by the PERUN project thus makes it possible to reveal various aspects of the atmosphere to a degree that we are unable to achieve with measurements. Since it is still a model approximation, it is of course necessary to detect systematic biases by verification before its use. Climate model runs, on the other hand, can uncover the future evolution of the atmosphere. Since these calculations cannot yet be verified, it is necessary to validate a historical run of the same model and subtract the revealed systematic errors from the future projections. In the PERUN project, both the historical run and two climate runs up to 2100 have been calculated. In this work, we present a basic verification and validation of the precipitation forecasts and an evaluation of the separation of precipitation into stratiform and convective precipitation and, in addition, into liquid and solid precipitation.
Characteristics of convective environment in ALADIN reanalysis
Authors:   Ústav fyziky atmosféry AV ČR v. v. i., Zacharov Petr , Vokoun Martin
Published: January 2024

For the prediction and assessment of the potential for convective cloud formation, various characteristics of the convective environment are used. Values of CAPE, CIN, wind speed, and temperature at several standard levels are available from the ALADIN reanalysis outputs, from which wind shear and vertical temperature gradient can be calculated. Verification allows for point comparison with data from sounding measurements, for example, from Prague Libuš.
Measurement of short-term rainfalls and changes in their characteristics
Authors:   Český hydrometeorologický ústav, Crhová Lenka
Published: January 2024

The design values of short-term rainfalls are very important for subsequent calculation in hydrological and technical practice, e.g. planning and maintenance of sewage system, torrential floods or soil erosion. Thus, it is important to analyse potential changes in frequency and intensity of short-term rainfalls as one of the potential impact of ongoing climate change. The contribution describes a recent state of availability and processing of short-term rainfalls at stations of Czech Hydrometeorological Institute (CHMI). It is focused on the longest series of short-term rainfalls (concerning joined digitalized pluviograph records and automatic rain gauge measurement). The temporal changes in characteristics of short-term rainfalls in these series are analysed.
Evaluation of the areal extremeness of extreme weather events in Czechia in the period of 1961–2020
Authors:   Ústav fyziky atmosféry AV ČR v. v. i., Kašpar Marek , Müller Miloslav ,   Ústav fyziky atmosféry AV ČR v. v. i.,   Univerzita Karlova, Přírodovědecká fakulta
Published: January 2024

Due to the multiplication of impacts of weather extremes when occurring in larger area, we proposed an areal approach of their evaluation. We evaluated six types of extreme weather events, namely, heat waves, cold waves, air temperature drops, windstorms, heavy precipitation, and heavy snowfalls. We employed the original method using the Weather Extremity Index derived from return periods of values of relevant meteorological variables in the affected area. Each event is characterized not only by the areal extremeness quantified with the index but also by the spatial extent and duration. In the studied period, heat and cold waves generally reach higher index values in relation with larger affected area. The increase in the frequency and extremity of heat waves is in contrast with the decrease in the frequency of cold waves and significant heavy snowfalls. The frequency of windstorms is slightly decreasing with the most significant ones concentrated in the cold half-year. Air temperature drops are the most frequent in the warm half-year, nevertheless three of four top events occurred in January. The frequency of heavy precipitation tends to fluctuate. The obtained meteorological database of extreme events may help to estimate the parameters of future ones using climate models.
Use of groundwater flow models to assess the evolution of groundwater supplies over the dry periods in the Cretaceous sediments
Authors:   PROGEO, s. r. o., Milický Martin , Baier Jan
Published: January 2024

The development and verification of comprehensive groundwater flow models for selected areas of water-important groundwater accumulations and the assessment of existing and expected changes in surface water resources and groundwater supplies in the context of climate change and drought are one of the objectives of the PERUN project. In the implemented phases of the project, steady-state groundwater flow models were constructed in five locations (South Bohemian Cretaceous basins, Cretaceous sediments of the right-hand tributaries of the Elbe, Vysokomýtská and Ústecká Syncline, Tertiary of the Carpathian Foothills and Chalk of the Lower Kamenice and Křinice chalk). These models were followed by simulations of transient groundwater flow for the period 1980–2021, using inputs (monthly groundwater recharge) from the hydrological model Bilan (prepared separately for groundwater units and hydrogeological regions). The model results were compared with measured levels and evaluated baseflows in the simulated period. One of the objectives of the implemented transient groundwater flow models was to evaluate the use of the hydrological model outputs as input data for the hydraulic model. In subsequent stages of the project, the results of the hydrological models, calculated for different climate scenarios, will be used as inputs for predictive groundwater flow simulations. The simulated period included two significant dry periods in 1981–1984, and in particular in 2015–2020 (continuing to the present). The influence of these dry periods on the development of groundwater supplies and their model evaluation is presented for selected hydrogeological region.
Spring yield trends in Czechia between 1971 and 2020
Authors:   Český hydrometeorologický ústav, Ledvinka Ondřej ,   Univerzita Karlova, Přírodovědecká fakulta, Lamačová Anna ,   Český hydrometeorologický ústav,   Česká geologická služba
Published: January 2024

136 springs in 18 hydrogeological regions (HGR) were selected for analysis of spring yields during the period 1971–2020. Monthly, seasonal and annual trends in yield were evaluated. The majority of springs (71%) showed no long-term trends in annual yields. However, once a statistically significant trend was identified, decreasing yields (28%) outweighed increasing yields (1.5%). The annual time series for seven HGRs showed a significant decreasing trend (p less than 0.05). When annual yields were analyzed, no increasing trend was found in any HGR.
Design precipitation in Czech river basins
Authors:   Ústav fyziky atmosféry AV ČR v. v. i., Müller Miloslav ,   Univerzita Karlova, Přírodovědecká fakulta, Kašpar Marek ,   Ústav fyziky atmosféry AV ČR v. v. i., Hudec Filip ,   Ústav fyziky atmosféry AV ČR v. v. i.,   Univerzita Karlova, Přírodovědecká fakulta
Published: January 2024

Data on rainfall intensity on the territory of the Czech Republic with a horizontal resolution of 1 km2 and a time step of 10 minutes, obtained by adjusting radar estimates with data from rain gauge stations, were used to derive design areal precipitation in the Czech river basins of 1st to 4th order and in the basins of surface water bodies. When the rainfall accumulation time is doubled, the design precipitation total in individual pixels increases by about 20% on average. The magnitude of the design totals decreases with increasing catchment area, especially for shorter accumulation periods.
Long-term changes and future of snow in the Czech Republic
Authors:   Český hydrometeorologický ústav, Šustková Veronika , Bercha Šimon , Jirák Jan
Published: January 2024

The paper focuses on three topics related to the monitoring of snow cover in the Czech Republic: automatic snow stations, evaluation of water reserves in snow and changes and evolution of snow cover in the Czech Republic from 1961 to 2100. Automatic snow station is a measuring mechanism, which can measure and record the snow water equivalent (SWE) and the total snow depth (SD) in real time. Nowadays there is a network of 17 complete stations (SWE and SD) and 50 snow depth automatic stations and a plan to build 23 more by 2025. Data from snow pillows are an important input for every week evaluation of water reserves in snow. Snow cover and especially the snow water supplies are an important part of the hydrological balance of water quantity in the Czech Republic. The evaluation of water reserves in a snow cover is also an important service for the state-owned water supply companies, for which this information is essential for the handling of waterworks. In the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute (CHMI) we calculate snow water reserves once a week, but the increasing number of automatic stations in combination with model calculations will allow us to estimate water reserves in daily steps in the future. In Central Europe, due to climate change, the parameters related to snow cover are changing. Snow is an important component of precipitation and runoff for this area and has a rather unique position as a source of drinking water.