bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resiliensi pada masyarakat kota Surabaya: Menelisik peran optimis dan dukungan sosial
Authors: Anggraeni Salsabilah Puspita , Rini Amanda Pasca , Ariyanto Eko April
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Every city has problems faced by urban people. There are many urban problems such as congestion, air pollution, lack of residential land, and an increase in the city population, however, people choose to survive in the city with the many urban problems they face. This study aims to determine the relationship between optimism and social support and resilience in the people of Surabaya who choose to stay in the city.  This study uses quantitative research involving 341 people living in the city of Surabaya. The data collection instrument in this study used a  scale consisting of optimism, social support and resilience scales. The data analysis technique uses regression analysis techniques with the help of the IBM Statistic Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25 for Windows program The results of the study that there is no relationship between optimism and resilience and there is no relationship between social support and resilience.
 
Abstrak
Setiap kota memiliki permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh masyarakat kota. Banyaknya permasalahan kota seperti kemacetan, polusi udara, kurangnya lahan tempat tinggal, serta peningkatan penduduk kota namun, masyarakat memilih untuk bertahan di perkotaan dengan banyaknya permasalahan kota yang dihadapi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara optimis dan dukungan sosial dengan resiliensi pada masyarakat kota Surabaya yang memilih untuk tetap bertahan untuk tinggal di perkotaan.  Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan melibatkan 341 masyarakat yang tinggal di Kota Surabaya. Instrumen pengambilan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan skala yang terdiri dari skala optimis, dukungan sosial dan resiliensi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis regresi dengan bantuan program IBM Statistic Package for Social Science (SPSS) versi 25 for Windows. Hasil penelitian ini tidak ada hubungan antara optimis dengan resiliensi serta tidak adanya hubungan dukungan sosial dengan resiliensi.
Change-oriented OCB: Bagaimana peran psychological capital menunjang generasi Z ditempat kerja?
Authors: Fachry Rey Anwar , Sofiah Diah , Prasetyo Yanto
Published: December 2024

Current cafes are usually filled with young employees, The young generation of this era is usually called generation Z is often known as the strawberry generation or the generation that is passionate and enthusiastic but cannot face social pressure and easily gives up when faced with problems. This research was conducted on generation Z who were working in cafes/coffeeshops in the Dukuh Pakis area and aged 18-28 years with a total of 127 out of 142 participants. This research used a quantitative method approach. Data collection was carried out using measurement instruments adapted to the Change-Oriented OCB scale (OCB-CH) and PCQ-24. Data analysis used the Spearman's Rho analysis technique with results showing a strong positive correlation between the two variables studied with a correlation coefficient of 0.469 with a significance level of 0.000 (p < 0.01). This means that the higher the level of Psychological Capital, the higher the level of OCB-CH behavior and otherwise, the lower the level of Psychological Capital, the lower the level of OCB-CH behavior.
 
Keywords: Psychological Capital, OCB-CH, Cafe, Coffeeshop, Gen Z
Ketidakjujuran akademik siswa sekolah menengah atas sebagai dampak dari fear of failure?
Authors: Susanti Dewi , Pratitis Niken Titi , Kusumandari Rahma
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Education is a planned effort to develop a person's potential so that they can gain religious strength, self-control, personality, intelligence, noble morals and skills that are beneficial to society and themselves. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between fear of failure and academic dishonesty. The population in this study were students in grades 11 and 12 of SMA Dharma Wanita Surabaya. The sampling technique used in this research is the quota sampling technique. This research uses quantitative research. The type of research used is correlational research. The method used is a Likert scale. The results of data analysis using Spearman Brown show that there is a very significant relationship between the variables fear of failure and academic dishonesty. The results of this research show that there is a positive relationship between fear of failure and academic dishonesty. The higher the fear of failure, the higher the academic dishonesty. Based on research that has been carried out, students are advised not to set targets too often to achieve good grades, this is so that students do not do things that violate the regulations, such as cheating and so on. Further research is expected to be able to develop variables based on research as well as the risk of failure.
Abstrak
Pendidikan adalah upaya yang sudah direncanakan untuk mengembangkan potensi diri seseorang sehingga mereka dapat memperoleh kekuatan keagamaan, pengendalian diri, kepribadian, kecerdasan akhlak mulia serta keterampilan yang bermanfaat bagi masyarakat dan diri mereka sendiri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara fear of failure dengan ketidakjujuran akademik. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa-siswi kelas dan 11 dan 12 SMA Dharma Wanita Surabaya. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik quota sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian korelasional. Metode yang digunakan berupa skala likert. Hasil analisis data menggunakan Spearman Brown menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang sangat signifikan anatar variabel fear of failure dan ketidakjujuran akademik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan terdapat hubungan positif antara fear of failure dengan ketidakjujuran akademik semakin tinggi fear of failure yang terjadi maka ketidakjujuran akademik juga meningkat. Berrdasarkan pernerlitian yang terlah dilakurkan, para siswa disarankan urnturk tidak terrlalur serring mermasang targert urnturk mermperrolerh nilai bagurs, hal ini dikarernakan agar para siswa tidak merlakurkan hal-hal yang merlanggar perraturran serperrti merlakurkan kercurrangan dan lain-lain. Pernerliti serlanjurtnya diharapkan dapat mermperrluras variaberl berbas pernerlitian serlain ferar of failurrer.
Intensitas penggunaan media sosial dan konformitas: Dinamika perilaku konsumtif remaja akhir
Authors: Purwita Kiky Marsya Aliyya , Matulessy Andik , Pratitis Nindia
Published: December 2024

Remaja umumnya selalu ingin mengikuti tren, hal ini menyebabkan remaja merasa tidak puas dengan apa yang dimiliki dan menjadi konsumtif. Perilaku konsumtif merupakan tindakan seseorang dalam membeli barang yang tidak didasarkan pada pertimbangan rasional. Intensitas penggunaan media sosial adalah kegiatan yang dilakukan secara terus menerus dan berulang dalam menggunakan media sosial. Konformitas adalah sebuah perubahan perilaku karena pengaruh sosial. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif korelasional. Subjek yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah remaja yang berusia 18-21 sebanyak 106. Pengujian pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode Kendal tau. Hasil pada penelitian ini menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara intensitas penggunaan media sosial dengan perilaku konsumtif. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan hasil tidak terdapat hubungan antara konformitas dengan perilaku konsumtif.
Peran pola asuh toxic parents terhadap perilaku bullying pada remaja
Authors: Pramesti Nabila Dyah Ayu , Meiyuntariningsih Tatik , Ramadhani Hetti Sari
Published: December 2024

Abstract
Teenagers are expected to be able to complete their developmental tasks well, overcome personal problems and behave according to the values ​​and rules of their surrounding environment. However, adolescence is often a challenging time with significant physical and psychological changes, which can affect their attitudes and behavior. One of the negative behaviors that often occurs among teenagers is bullying.  This research aims to determine the relationship between toxic parenting patterns and bullying behavior in junior high school teenagers. This research was conducted at SMP "X" on students in grades VII, VII, and IX who lived with their parents. The data collection technique in this research used the Accidental Sampling technique where participants were taken by chance. Because the population size is unknown, 105 respondents were found when distributing the data. Based on the results of the validity test of this research, valid results were obtained, however, for the normality test, this research did not have a normal distribution. Therefore, this study uses the Spearman Rho data analysis technique to determine whether there is a relationship in this study. After conducting research, the results showed that there was a relationship between toxic parenting patterns and bullying behavior in teenagers.
 
Abstrak
Remaja diharapkan menjalani tugas perkembangan mereka dengan baik untuk mengatasi masalah pribadi dan berperilaku sesuai nilai serta aturan lingkungan sekitar. Namun, masa remaja sering kali menjadi periode penuh tantangan dengan perubahan fisik dan psikologis yang signifikan, yang dapat mempengaruhi sikap dan perilaku mereka. Bullying menjadi perilaku berbahaya yang sangat umum terjadi di kalangan remaja.  Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah perilaku bullying pada siswa sekolah menengah pertama berhubungan dengan pola asuh orang tua yang tidak sehat.. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMP “X” pada siswa kelas VII,VII, dan IX yang tinggal bersama dengan orang tua. Teknik pengambilan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik accidental sampling dimana partisipan diambil secara kebetulan. Dikarenakan jumlah populasi tidak diketahui, maka didapati 105 responden selama penyebaran data. Berdasarkan hasil uji validitas dalam penelitian ini didapatkan hasil yang valid namun untuk uji normalitas penelitian ini tidak berdistribusi normal. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis data Spearman Rho’s untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya hubungan dalam penelitian ini. Setelah dilakukan penelitian, didapatkan hasil adanya hubungan antara pola asuh toxic dengan perilaku bullying pada remaja.
Resiliensi pada guru: Bagaimanakah peranan kesejahteraan psikologis?
Authors: Belinda Naomi Bella , Efendy Mamang , Rista Karolin
Published: December 2024

Abstract
This study aims to determine the relationship between resilience and psychological well-being in teachers at SMAN Olahraga. The hypothesis proposed is that there is a positive relationship between resilience and psychological well-being in teachers. This research uses correlational quantitative method. The research was conducted on 24 respondents with the criteria of teachers at SMAN Olahraga. The results of the data obtained were then analyzed using Product Moment correlation with the help of SPSS 25 for Windows. The results showed that the hypothesis was accepted that there was a significant positive relationship between resilience and psychological well-being in teachers. The results obtained indicate that resilience is closely related to psychological well-being. The higher the resilience, the higher the psychological well-being in teachers. Conversely, if resilience is lower, psychological well-being is also lower.
 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara resiliensi dengan kesejahteraan psikologis pada guru di SMAN Olahraga. Hipotesis yang diajukan adalah terdapat hubungan positif antara resiliensi dengan kesejahteraan psikologis pada guru. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif korelasional. Penelitian dilakukan pada 24 responden dengan kriteria guru di SMAN Olahraga. Hasil data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan korelasi Product Moment dengan bantuan SPSS 25 for Windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hipotesis diterima bahwa ada hubungan positif yang signifikan antara resiliensi dengan kesejahteraan psikologis pada guru. Hasil yang didapat mengindikasikan bahwa resiliensi berkaitan erat dengan kesejahteraan psikologis. Semakin tinggi resiliensi maka semakin tinggi kesejahteraan psikologis pada guru. Sebaliknya, jika resiliensi semakin rendah maka kesejahteraan psikologis juga semakin rendah.
DELIVERY OF OXIDANTS TO SITE OF THEIR CHEMICAL INTERACTION AND ITS MANIFESTATION IN CHARACTERISTICS OF OXIDATIVE PROCESSES INVOLVING TIN, LEAD AND COMMON SOLDER
Authors:   Southwest State University, Pozhidaeva S.D. , Ivanov A.M. ,   Southwest State University
Published: December 2024

When using metals and alloys for the manufacture of equipment, questions, related to how much the materials used for these purposes affect the characteristics of the basic process in whole and its passing at individual stages, where and what can be neglected as small and insignificant quantities, and where it is simply impossible to do so due to loss of correctness in interpretations, often arise. Experience shows that it is always easier to solve such issues when using individual metals than their mixtures, and even more so alloys. But it is simply impossible to abandon the latter in some cases. Therefore, it is necessary to look for options for a comparative assessment of the indicated influence during the transition from individual metals to their mechanical mixtures and further to alloys, taking into account the characteristics of the selected process option and the importance of individual factors in its control. And it is advisable to start with the minimum number of metals used in an alloy based on them. It turned out that in all options, the oxidation of metals to significant degrees of consumption in mixtures based on organic solvents, including the mixed type, is possible already at room and close to it temperatures. The oxidation of individual metals is the worst, and one of lead in the alloy is the best. Moreover, in the latter case, the entire supply of lead is consumed first, after which the consumption of tin is noticeably accelerated (actually begins).
CAFÉS ESPECIAIS: A QUALIDADE FÍSICO-QUÍMICA DOS ROBUSTAS AMAZÔNICOS COMERCIALIZADOS E PRODUZIDOS NA REGIÃO DA INDICAÇÃO GEOGRÁFICA MATAS DE RONDÔNIA
Authors: Costa Maria Fernanda Fernandes , Salomão Gabrielly Ferreira , Barbosa Luisa Rodrigues , Silva Ramiciely Nunes de Paula , Kolln Alana Mara , Junior Hilton Lopes
Published: December 2024

A cafeicultura rondoniense se tornou destaque no cenário nacional e internacional nos últimos anos pela produção de cafés especiais, isso graças a adoção, por parte dos cafeicultores, de novas tecnológicas de produção, processamento e beneficiamento, produzindo cafés que apresentam flavor e aromas únicos. Sabendo que a comercialização e consumo de cafés do tipo especial está em crescente ascensão dentro do estado, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as características físico-químicas de diferentes cafés especiais produzidos e comercializados na região pertencente a Indicação Geográfica (IG) cafés das Matas de Rondônia, com o intuito de verificar se há similaridade entre os mesmos. As amostras foram adquiridas em comércios locais, sendo selecionadas de forma aleatória dez cafés do tipo especial. As análises físico-químicas foram realizadas no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de Rondônia – Campus Jaru. Os resultados foram tratados estatisticamente através de análise de variância a 1% de probabilidade, agrupamento de média segundo Scott-Knott a 5% de probabilidade e correlação de Pearson. Os resultados para os cafés especiais estudados apresentaram diferença significativa para todas as variáveis físico-químicas, indicando variabilidade em suas composições. Isso se deve ao fato de haver uma vasta diversidade genética de clones e/ou cultivares distribuídos na região da IG Matas de Rondônia e também pelo perfil de torra dos cafés analisados não seguirem um padrão, alterando assim sua composição química. O coeficiente de variação variou de 0.60 (pH) a 10.17% (açúcares redutores totais), indicando boa precisão experimental. Através da matriz de correlação de Pearson, observou-se relação entre variáveis. Através deste estudo, conclui-se que as variações significativas dos parâmetros analisados contribuem para uma heterogeneidade dos cafés especiais comercializados em Rondônia.
Exercise on Crepitus in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kovats Alexandre , Jones Matthew D. , Azzi Alexandra , Ho Darryl Ser Foong , Ram Adrian , Thom Jeanette M.
Published: December 2024

Background

Crepitus is one of the primary symptoms of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Exercise and education are key components of evidence-based recommendations for management of OA. However, evidence if these approaches alter knee crepitus is limited. We aimed to determine if knee crepitus improves with exercise either alone or combined with education in healthy adults or people with early or established OA.

Methods

Five electronic databases (Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, PubMed, and SportDISCUS) were searched from inception to July 1, 2022, for studies of adults with knee crepitus who undertook exercise compared to nonexercise control. Data were analyzed using a random-effects meta-analysis. Risk of bias was appraised using the Cochrane tool.

Results

Seven studies of adults with established knee OA were included. All studies measured crepitus with the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) subscale following varied exercise interventions, 3 of which included education. Compared with control, no effect of exercise on modifying knee crepitus was found (mean difference −0.01 (95% confidence interval = −0.23, 0.21) on the 0–4 KOOS subscale). Two studies were at low risk of bias. The others had some concern (n = 3) or high risk of bias (n = 2).

Conclusion

Based on studies with mixed risk of bias, knee crepitus is unlikely to change in individuals with established OA following exercise. Thus, exercise-based practitioners can provide reassurance to people who are concerned about crepitus that exercise should not exacerbate crepitus. Authors of future studies could explore the impact of crepitus on patient’s beliefs about and engagement with exercise.
Exercise Response Variation: Avoiding Hysteron Proteron
Authors: Kelley George A. , Kelley Kristi S. , Stauffer Brian L.
Published: December 2024

Precision exercise medicine is currently one of the most important topics in the clinical exercise physiology field, including exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (EBCR). A critical component of precision exercise medicine is an appropriate examination for true exercise-associated interindividual response differences (IIRDs) because of EBCR, something that has historically not occurred. As a result, misguided efforts aimed at determining potential moderators and mediators, including genetic interactions and unethical follow-up studies, can occur given that random- and within-subject variation is not accounted for. In this article, a description is provided on how to properly test for true exercise-associated IIRDs in original randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using the standard deviation of individual response (SDIR) approach before deciding on whether an additional examination and/or follow-up studies addressing potential moderators and mediators, including genetic interactions, are necessary. To provide greater readability for a wider audience, we intentionally minimized the use of statistical formulas. It is the hope that the guidance provided in this article will lead to wider adoption of the SDIR approach for examining true IIRDs in original RCTs of EBCR studies as well as spur continued research on this topic. Adherence to the proposed methods will help avoid false conclusions regarding potential moderators and mediators, including genetic interactions, as well as unneeded follow-up studies.
“How will our children cope?”: Understanding Fear and Hope About Climate Change Through Qualitative Approaches
Authors: Mackay Matthew , Klas Anna , Fernando Julian , Kothe Emily Jane , Barford Kate , Ling Mathew
Published: December 2024

Future-oriented emotional appeals, such as fear or hope, may be more effective inincreasing climate action when they reflect the specific fears and hopes of the targetpopulation. However, qualitative evidence on what people find uniquely fearful anduniquely hopeful about climate change remains limited. To address this gap, an onlinequalitative survey asked 299 Australians (Mage = 33.09, SDage = 12.14) to identifywhat they found fearful and hopeful about climate change. Through inductive thematicanalysis, three themes reflected Australians’ fear: (1) ‘Change and Instability’, (2)‘Inaction and Negligence by Government, Large Corporations, and Others’, and (3)‘Intergenerational Impacts and Legacy’. Additionally, three themes reflectedAustralians’ hope: (1) ‘Changing Attitudes and Changing Pro-environmental Habits’, (2)‘Progress, Technology, Sustainability, and Innovation’, and (3) ‘An Opportunity forChange’. While some elements of what Australians find fearful or hopeful may beunique (e.g., bushfires), others (e.g., intergenerational impacts) align with globalconcerns. These insights offer valuable guidance for designing interventions that aimto foster fear and hope to promote climate action.
The uncertainty of risk preferences – A study of storms and floods in Germany
Authors: Gruener Sven , Zwies Felix
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the association between natural disasters and risk preferences, a topic where existing evidence remains contradictory. We explore whether the selected method of data analysis is a potential cause of contradictory study results. Specifically, we compare the frequently used Two-way fixed effects estimator with the recently introduced dynamic Difference-in-Difference (dyn DiD) estimator. Using data on natural disasters in Germany from 2008 to 2019, our study shows considerable differences across the methods concerning signs, magnitude of the association, and statistical significance. We recommend increasing incentives to re-analyze study findings with modern approaches.
Emergent Lexical Synthesis Through Contextual Feedback Mechanisms in Large Language Models
Authors: Zakiev Vadim , Cumberledge Emilia , Ravenscroft Clarimond , Chomondeley Ottilie
Published: December 2024

Adaptive mechanisms capable of refining intermediate latent states during text generation are essential for addressing limitations in current model architectures, particularly with respect to contextual drift, linguistic coherence, and output diversity. Contextual Feedback Mechanisms (CFMs) introduce internal feedback loops that recondition latent representations dynamically during runtime, allowing large language models to adjust predictions iteratively without requiring architectural retraining. Through precise integration of gating functions, softmax-based reweighting, and auxiliary loss constraints, CFMs achieve significant improvements in token-level prediction accuracy, sequence-level coherence, and adaptability to ambiguous or incomplete inputs. Empirical evaluations across multiple large-scale datasets, including WikiText-103, BookCorpus, and Reddit Corpus, demonstrate a marked reduction in perplexity and token repetition, particularly for extended sequences exceeding several hundred tokens. Output diversity, as quantified through unique token ratios, showed consistent gains across both conversational and formal text inputs, indicating that CFMs enhance lexical variability without sacrificing fluency. Comparative analysis revealed that the proposed mechanisms surpass existing techniques, such as nucleus sampling and iterative decoding, in balancing computational efficiency and real-time adaptability. Experimental benchmarks further highlight the scalability of CFMs, with latency overhead remaining within acceptable thresholds across varying batch sizes and input lengths. Additionally, CFMs demonstrate a robust ability to resolve ambiguity in challenging prompts, offering new opportunities for improving model performance in dynamic and evolving contexts. The framework maintains practical feasibility through computational optimizations, ensuring that feedback integration imposes minimal resource demands while delivering measurable gains.
Listen Up: Autistic Youth Need to Be Heard
Authors: Pooley Jace E.
Published: December 2024

A Pediatrics Perspectives commentary, authored by a high-school student. Autistic youth need to be heard. Many have a diﬃcult time speaking and are informally called “nonspeakers.” Too often, nonspeakers like me don’t get to share our thoughts even though we have lots to say. We aren’t broken or puzzles to unravel. We are, however, thoughtful and smart. We may not communicate like others do, but we have voices that deserve to be heard. I’d like to use my voice to share what being a nonspeaker means to me.
Heartfelt mentalising: Interoception modulates the ability to resolve conflict between self- and other- perspectives
Authors: Gardner Mark , Mostafa Irina , Corcoran Jeremy
Published: December 2024

Interoception may contribute to social cognition by grounding the self in the body, thus facilitating selection between self and other perspectives. While individual differences in interoceptive sensitivity are known to relate to spatial perspective-taking, similar associations have yet to be found for mentalising. Here, for the first time, we assessed how interoceptive sensitivity relates to spontaneous level 1 visual perspective-taking – the relatively automatic tracking of what others can see. Sixty adult participants completed the widely used heartbeat counting task followed by the dot perspective task in which they made judgements both from their own perspective and that of a human avatar. Interoceptive sensitivity was found to relate to performance in the dot perspective task measured by accuracy, but not speed of responding. Specifically, individuals with low interoceptive sensitivity made more errors resolving conflict between their own and others’ mental states than their counterparts with high interoceptive sensitivity. This difference remained when time estimation and knowledge of normal heart rate were both statistically controlled. These findings provide the first evidence that interoception modulates mentalising. Protection from self-other blurring afforded by interoception may help reduce involuntarily intrusions from others’ mental states.
Is carrying capacity useful for integrating humans into Earth system models? On the purpose, and the limits, of modelling
Authors: Hartley Tilman
Published: December 2024

There are calls to better incorporate humans into Earth system models. Some have attempted this using the concept of ‘carrying capacity’. But the concept of carrying capacity has been subject to forceful critique, as it vastly simplifies the many complex factors which affect human populations. This includes factors related to human behaviour, which is so unpredictable that it seems to resist formalisation altogether. Nevertheless, I suggest that the usefulness of a simplified concept like ‘carrying capacity’ depends on the purposes for which it is used. In toy models intended to elucidate a complex phenomenon, a simplified concept might indeed be useful. On the other hand, in forecast models intended for theory testing, a more complex concept may better approximate observed reality. I illustrate this point by looking at two recent toy models which use the concept of carrying capacity to elucidate idealised population dynamics, and at a series of forecast models which instead aim to estimate the population density of real groups in real conditions. In short, the usefulness of concepts depends on modelling choices, which in turn depend upon the purpose for which a given model has been constructed.
The critical juncture of childbirth: turbulence in the employment trajectories of Mothers in Europe
Authors: Reichert Max , Emery Tom , Bartova Alzbeta
Published: December 2024

The employment trajectories of mothers around childbirth differ within andbetween European countries, with implications for long-term attachment to thelabor market. Existing research has focused mainly on comparing employmentstatus before and after birth, without too much attention to the process between.This paper describes how this critical juncture in employment trajectories playsout in the first 24 months after a child is born in 20 European countries. Us-ing micro-level data from the EU-SILC, we identify nine typical patterns aroundchildbirth, covering a period of 10 months prior to birth until 24 months after.Although five of these patterns are stable, the remaining four reveal substantialand sustained turbulence. This affects about 33% of all mothers within our sam-ple. We further find a considerable educational gradient for membership in eachpattern. Highly educated mothers are twice as likely as low educated mothers toexperience a turbulent post-birth period of employment that results in part-timeemployment. By contrast and additional to significantly lower baseline levels ofemployment, lower educated mothers are more likely to exhibit turbulence re-flecting intermittent employment. On the country level, we find large differencesin the within-country heterogeneity of likely employment patterns, and levels ofpost birth turbulence. Additionally, we find a distinct set of clusters representinglong and stable leave usage in some specific Eastern European countries.
Promoting Green Pesantren: Change, Challenge and Contribution of Nahdlatul Ulama in Indonesia
Authors: Maghfiroh Muliatul , Iryani Eva , Haerudin Haerudin , Yani Muhammad Turhan , Zaini Nur , Mahfud Choirul
Published: December 2024

This qualitative research elaborates that Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) is Indonesia's most prominent Islamic organization, contributing to the green pesantren. This article also explores NU's change, challenge, and contribution through Pesantren in environmental and ecological issues. The primary data in this research methodology are interviews and documents. The secondary data includes other resources that are relevant to this research, such as articles, books, and news. This research shows that NU, through the Green Pesantren program, is trying to contribute to being part of the problem solver on environmental, ecological, and climate change issues. This article also explains green pesantren as an answer to the debate about the relationship between Islam, ecology, and the environment. The concern of green pesantrenis is not only in the teaching and learning aspects of Islamic doctrine and individual piety but also in today's environmental, ecological, and human problems. In this context, the roles and functions of kiai, pesantren students, and alums in addressing environmental and ecological issues are multifaceted. They combine education, community engagement, religious perspectives, advocacy, practical solutions, and role modeling to effect meaningful change and contribute to a more sustainable future.
Prevalence of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and its Relation to Urinary Tract Symptoms among Female Medical Students of Umm Al-Qura University
Authors: Abdulhai Ghazzawi Rahaf
Published: December 2024

Background / Aim:

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) affects women of reproductive age. Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are characterized by urgency, frequency, and dysuria. Limited information is available regarding the possible association between PCOS and LUTS. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of PCOS among female medical students and the association between PCOS and LUTS.

Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. The study was conducted from August to December 2022. An online, self-administered, and validated Arabic-based survey was conducted using Google Forms.

Results: The prevalence of PCOS among the female medical students was 21.6% (n=42). The participants reported urinary tract symptoms; the most reported symptom was pelvic pain (61.9%), followed by urinary frequency (35.7%). A total of 72% of females with an intermenstrual (IM) period of < 21 days had PCOS versus 12.2% of those with variable IM periods, displaying statistically significant differences (P=.001). In addition, 71% of females with dark coarse hair on the belly had PCOS, compared to those with hair on other body parts (P=.001). PCOS was diagnosed in 57.1% of obese/overweight females and 9.7% of females with normal body mass index (P=.001). Similarly, 57.1% of currently obese females were diagnosed with PCOS, whereas 12.5% of those with normal body weight had PCOS (P=.001). Approximately 90.9% of females with milky nipple discharge had PCOS (P=.001).

Conclusions: The prevalence of PCOS among female medical students is surpassing the global average; hence, awareness campaigns and educational programs must be conducted in schools and colleges to spread awareness among young girls.

LUTS is a multifactorial diagnosis with no direct link to PCOS. The sample size of this study was small. Therefore, a cross-sectional study with a larger sample size is needed to investigate the association between PCOS and LUTS.
Unmet need for family planning and associated factors among married women of reproductive age group in Aleta Wondo District, Sidama Region, Ethiopia, 2023
Authors: Desalegn Derese
Published: December 2024

Background: Globally about 222 million women have an unmet need for family planning where Sub-Saharan Africa continues in 2010 to be the region with the lowest level of contraceptive prevalence rate, 24% and highest level of unmet need 25%. However unmet need for family planning declined from 37% in 2000, to 22% in 2016, demand for family planning exceeds uptake of methods and still nearly 78% of married women of reproductive age wish to delay childbirth for at least 2 years or stop childbearing altogether.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to assess unmet need for family planning and associated factors among married women of reproductive age groups in Aleta wondo Woreda, Sidama Region, Ethiopia, 2023.

Method: Community based cross-sectional study was conducted with total of 636 married reproductive age group women. The study subjects were selected using systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected by trained data collectors using pre-tested and structured questionnaire. Data were checked, coded and entered Epi Info version 7 and exported to SPSS Version 25 for analysis. Bi-variable and multi-variable Logistic regression were used to identify potential associated factors for unmet need for family planning. A 95% confidence interval and p-value of less than or equal to 0.05 were used to declare weather a variable is significantly associated with the outcome variable or not.

Result: The study result showed that a quarter of currently married women among reproductive age group (95% CI: 22, 28.8) had an unmet need for family planning. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, age of respondent <25 year AOR =4, 95% CI (2.74, 8.72), desire number of children< 4 AOR=12.9, 95%CI (4.16, 40.3), those have ever use family planning AOR=0.61 (95%CI: 0.07, 0.88), those had been ever pregnant AOR=2.8 (95%CI:1.98, 12.5) and those with good knowledge about family planning AOR=0.03 (95%CI: 0.01, 0.14) were significantly associated with unmet need for family planning.

Conclusion and Recommendation: The result of current study indicated that unmet need for family planning among currently married women was higher compared to the national average.
Strangulation Asphyxia Causes Shrinkage and Hyperchromia of Neurons in the Cerebral Cortex of Rats
Authors: Bon Lizaveta
Published: December 2024

Acute oxygen starvation of the brain causes structural and metabolic disorders in neurons, leading to their death. When studying the brain of rats under conditions of strangulation asphyxia, modeled by compression of the trachea with a ligature, the presence of anoxic damage to neurons in the occipital lobe cortex was revealed. After 30 minutes of asphyxia, the neurons acquired an elongated shape, losing their roundness, without changing in size. With 60 minutes of asphyxia, there was a decrease in the area of neurons, which worsened by 24 hours of asphyxia, but there was no change in the shape of neurons. During the studied periods of asphyxia, an increase in the number of hyperchromic wrinkled neurons was observed with a decrease in the number of normochromic neurons and their complete disappearance by 24 hours of asphyxia.
Penerapan Prinsip Desain Antarmuka dalam Evaluasi User Interface dan User Experience E-Learning
Authors: Fathurrahman Muhammad Ikhsan , Sumarsono Sumarsono
Published: December 2024

Application of Interface Design Principles in Evaluation of E-Learning User Interface and User Experience The aspects of user interface and user experience play an important role in determining the success of an e-learning platform. An intuitive user interface and positive user experience can increase user participation and satisfaction, and facilitate the learning process. However, based on interviews with developers, there has never been an evaluation of UIN Sunan Kalijaga's e-learning in terms of user interface and user experience. This raises the need to evaluate the extent to which the e-learning meets good interface design standards to improve user effectiveness and comfort. This research uses descriptive method because this research is explaining or describing the phenomenon under study. The approach used in this research is a quantitative approach. Data was obtained from a closed questionnaire consisting of 15 statements using a Likert scale with 4 dimensions of assessment. This study concluded that the level of user comfort in using UIN Sunan Kalijaga e-learning is in the good enough category with a value of 69.57%. This analysis revealed that the consistency aspect received the highest score, while the appearance and security and prevent errors aspects received the lowest score.
Klasifikasi Karakteristik Turnover Karyawan Menggunakan Algoritma C4.5
Authors: Andini Rany , Hardiyanti Dinna Yunika
Published: December 2024

Turnover merupakan suatu Tindakan atau perilaku meninggalkan atau keluar karyawan dari sebuah organisasi atau perusahaan. Turnover dapat membawa dampak negatif bagi perusahaan seperti proyek dan target yang tertunda, pembubaran tim, kekurangan sumber daya manusia (SDM), kesulitan melakukan perekrutan untuk mencari kandidat degan berbagai kriteria dalam waktu singkat, hingga gangguan produktivitas tempat kerja. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengetahui faktor utama dan karakteristik yang berpengaruh signifikan dalam turnover karyawan. penelitian dilakukan dnegan  mengelola data turnover karyawan menggunakan teknik data mining klasifikasi dan menerapkan algoritma C4.5. Hasil modeling menghasilkan pohon keputusan dan role yang dapat dijadikan aturan dalam menentukan karyawan yang akan melakukan turnover. Hasil penelitian  menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 8 atribut yang memeiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap turnover karyawan yaitu  Age, Monthly Billing, Monthly Rate, OverTime,  YearsAtCompany, YearsInCurrentRole, YearsLastPromotion, dan DistanceFromHome. Model yang dihasilkan dalam penelitian memiliki akurasi sebesar 81,63%.
Klasifikasi Sentimen Terhadap Kebijakan Tapera Menggunakan Komparasi Machine Learning dan SMOTE
Authors: Leidiyana Henny , Misriati Titik , Aryanti Riska
Published: December 2024

The Indonesian government's Public Housing Savings Program (Tapera) aims to help low- and middle-income persons get housing financing. Although the initiative strives to satisfy housing requirements, the public has responded in a variety of ways, as evidenced by social media posts. The goal of this study is to examine public sentiment towards the Tapera policy using YouTube comment data to provide an overview of popular perspective. This study combines sentiment analysis with machine learning algorithms, including K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Multinomial Naïve Bayes (NB), and Decision Tree. The data is divided into three scenarios, namely 70% training data and 30% test data, 80% training data and 20% test data, and 90% training data and 10% test data. Data balancing is also performed with SMOTE.  The performance evaluation is based on each algorithm's accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 Score values. The results showed that the SVM algorithm performed the best in all circumstances, with the greatest accuracy of 88% and an F1 score of 85%. The multinomial Naïve Bayes algorithm ranked second with steady accuracy, whereas KNN and Decision Tree had poorer performance. This suggests that SVM is the most effective method for processing sentiment data regarding Tapera policy.
Magyarország területi integritásnak helyreállítása 1919–1920
Authors: Suba János
Published: December 2024

A szerző az első világháború vesztes országának a Magyar Királyságnak az ellenséges csapatok által történő megszállását és a megszálló csapatok demarkációs vonal mögé vonásának folyamatát írja le gazdag levéltári adatokra alapozva. Az írásból kiderül, hogy a környező nemzetek uralkodó osztályai milyen feneketlen étvággyal vetették rá magukat a Magyar Királyságra. Mérhetetlen hódítási vágyukat szövetségeseik félelmei akadályozták csupán, akik saját zsákmányukat féltették szövetségeseiktől. Végül is az entente vezető államainak kellett megálljt parancsolni a Magyar Királyság kifosztásában és az ország területének elrablásában mértéket nem ismerő országok vezetői számára. A szerző ugyan nem utal rá, de a sorok közül kiolvasható, hogy minden bizonnyal másképp alakult volna Magyarország sorsa, ha sikerül jelentősebb ellenállást kifejteni a csehszlovák, román és szerb csapatokkal szemben. A HORTHY Miklós körül kialakuló nemzeti hadsereg egyfajta stabilitást, illetve az entente által is elismert és támogatott alternatívát jelentett az ellenséges megszálló csapatokkal szemben.
Katonai alakulatok karhatalmi bevetései Magyarországon 1918-ban
Authors: Balla Tibor
Published: December 2024

A két világháború között a központi hatalmak katonai köreiben élt az a nézet, mely szerint a Német Császárság és az Osztrák-Magyar Monarchia haderejét nem a frontokon verték meg, hanem a hátországi gondok idézték elő a katonai vereséget. Ez a vélemény részigazságot tartalmazott csupán, hiszen a haderőn belüli fegyelem fellazulása, az utánpótlás hiányosságai a konkrét katonai vereséget is előidézték. Az azonban igaz volt, hogy mindez a hátország teherbíró képességéből fakadt. Nevezetesen a központi hatalmak potenciálja mérsékeltebbnek bizonyult, mint az entente potenciál. Ebből fakadóan a központi hatalmak márt akkor elvesztették a háborút, amikor nem sikerült azt gyorsan befejezni. Ettől fogva már „csupán” az lehetett a kérdés, hogy milyen mértékű veszteségek árán, s milyen súlyos vereséget szenvednek a német és az osztrák-magyar csapatok. Az Osztrák-Magyar Monarchia azonban nem adta fel egykönnyen a harcot. Megkísérelte a haderő bevonásával elfojtani a hátországi elégedetlenségeket. Ez azonban egy lefelé irányuló spirálba kényszerítette a dunai monarchiát. A frontokról egyre több megbízható katonát kellett elvonni a hátországi feladatok teljesítésére, amely a katonai helyzet romlásához vezetett, ami pedig súlyosbította a hátországi állapotokat, amelynek a rendezése érdekében pedig újabb assistance alakulatokat kellett létrehozni, amely viszont megint csak a frontokat gyengítette stb. A fegyverszünet sem hozott megállapodást a helyzetre, hiszen a tömegesen hazatérő katonák lefegyverzése nem kis gondot okozott. A fegyverben tartásuk azonban lehetetlen volt, pedig az lett volna az egyetlen lehetséges útja a kisentente határtalan étvágya megfékezésének. A tanulmány a HABSBURG-monarchia összeomlásának karhatalmi aspektusait vizsgálja a Magyar Királyság területén.
Magyarország határán létesített műszaki zárak felszámolása 1956-ban
Authors: Suba János
Published: December 2024

A szerző tanulmánya kezdetén az ötvenes évek elején lefektetett műszaki zár méreteit és összetevőit ismertette. Ezt követően tért rá a nyugati és a déli határszakaszok mentesítési folyamatok leírására. A tanulmány tartalmazza a felszámolt eszközök típusát és számát, a mentesített határszakaszok hosszát, továbbá a mentesítő alakulatokat, azok létszámát és a mentesítéssel eltöltött idejüket. Mivel a mentesítés különösen veszélyes tevékenységet jelentett, ezért e feladatra vezényelt személyi állomány speciális felkészítésben részesült, amelynek fontos eleme volt a gyakorlás. A feladat jellegéhez s méretéhez viszonyítva viszonylag mérsékelt számú sérülés és baleset történt.
Tribal and State Justice Systems in Contemporary Jordan
Authors: Kenny Patrick
Published: December 2024

Both the Jordanian state and Jordanian tribes have well-developed justice systems that appear to operate separately but are, in practice, often deeply enmeshed. This article examines these two systems and how they interact. It focuses on a case study—a murder in 2016—and how different actors approached its aftermath. This case provides an example of how both state and tribal justice systems can work in practice. Here, and notwithstanding efforts by some tribal leaders, government officials, and courts to limit, reject, or ignore tribal practices, state and tribal actors facilitate a role for each other while also maintaining their own authority in particular contexts. This adds to understandings of how different legal systems and sources of authority—tribe and state—can operate together, challenging any ostensibly neat categorisation of these systems.
Rebusque
Authors: Castelao-Huerta Isaura
Published: December 2024

This article explores how women full professors engage in practices of rebusque to try to offer conditions that can allow their students to conduct academic research. Thanks to the efforts of the professors, these students can finish their degrees despite the prevalent precarity and scarcity of government funds in Colombia. Mainly based on twenty-four semi-structured and in-depth interviews with women professors, this article argues that the main form of rebusque is through alliances, and it emerges as three practices: (1) being available to perform services required by public and/or private entities; (2) developing marketing strategies to obtain materials; and (3) cultivating relationships with colleagues to gain access to other laboratories through academic exchanges of their students.
Fortalecemos la seguridad ciudadana en el colegio el barrio y la comunidad. Guía para docentes
Authors: Cárdenas Macher Luis Daniel
Published: December 2024

La “Caja de herramientas para una ciudadanía democrática” es una propuesta pedagógica que comprende materiales educativos para estudiantes, docentes y directivos de escuelas secundarias. Busca contribuir a la formación de una ciudadanía activa, comprometida con valores y principios democráticos, así como al desarrollo personal de las y los adolescentes a través de iniciativas creativas que faciliten la organización de proyectos en beneficio de sus comunidades.
Esta herramienta se sitúa en el área de Desarrollo Personal, Ciudadanía y Cívica (DPCC) del Currículo Nacional de la Educación Básica (CNEB) del Perú. Asimismo, involucra a las áreas de Comunicación y Arte y Cultura. Este material se ha implementado en diversas instituciones educativas públicas, en alianza con el Jurado Nacional de Elecciones (JNE) y Fe y Alegría del Perú.
Sus objetivos están enfocados en que las y los estudiantes:
• Fortalezcan su ciudadanía activa, promoviendo su participación en la vida pública y su compromiso con los valores democráticos.
• Desarrollen sus competencias para abordar los desafíos sociales y políticos de su entorno, que aporten en la construcción de una sociedad democrática, institucional y participativa.
• Construyan una identidad personal que les permita reconocer sus intereses, valores y capacidades, y actuar de acuerdo con ellos.