bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reform and Exploration of Information Technology Teaching for the Experiment of the Principles of Chemical Engineering under the Background of New Engineering
Authors: Tian Weiliang , Li Zhong , Li Xingeng , Zhao Suya
Published: January 2022

Informatization of education is an inevitable requirement of educational reform in today's era. Colleges and universities should focus on serving regional industries and local economic development, and must be in line with the modernization and informationization of education, as training base for talents as successors and builders in the new era with innovative spirit. The fusion of industry and education proposes new guidelines to construct school-enterprise collaborative education platform and integration of industrial chain and academic chain. By using the fusion of industry and education to enhance higher education quality for colleges and universities, Tarim university construct the competency-based talent cultivation mechanism through the introduction of virtual simulation in the experiments teaching of the principles of chemical engineering, optimizing the curriculum system, adopting virtual reality courses, promoting reform of the practice teaching, building platforms for practice and innovation, training "double-skilled" teachers and establishing safeguard measures for talents training. Thus, providing guidance and demonstration for the cultivation of applied talents with innovative spirits in colleges and universities.
Research on the Teaching Reform of International Trade Based on Cross-border E-commerce Industry Chain
Authors: Chen Xiaoqin
Published: January 2022

With the rapid development of world economic integration, the world economy has entered a period of deep adjustment and the format of International Trade changes rapidly. The Cross-border E-commerce trade has gradually become the mainstream in International Trade. In order to meet the needs of the industry for personnel training, the International Economy and Trade major of Wuyi University Business School, in accordance with the actual economic and social development and changes in business forms, connects with the Cross-border E-commerce industry chain, integrates industry and education, establishes a long-term mechanism of collaborative education of industry and education, and constructs a Cross-border E-commerce theory and practice teaching system of deep integration of innovation, entrepreneurship and professional education, in order to provide some references for the cultivation of innovative and applied talents more in line with the needs of the industry.
Discussion on Training Model of Innovation and Entrepreneurship Postgraduate Education through Integration of Enterprises with Universities
Authors: Zhang Bingrong , Xu Chonghai , Xiao Chunguang , Wang Xiang , Gao Chao
Published: January 2022

Based on a comprehensive analysis of the common problems in the cultivation of innovative and entrepreneurial postgraduates, this paper introduced the methods and effects of the cultivating mode through the industrial and education cooperation between universities and enterprises. Under this mode, the students take part in the whole process from laboratory research to workshop pilot test until industrial production, which not only strengthens the students' ability of theoretical exploration and application in the research field, but also make them understand well the knowledge of innovation and entrepreneurship such as project management and feasibility demonstration. Their ability to apply the research results to the production practice has been greatly improved.
Research on Elevating Fujian’s Export Levels to Japan in Textile and Clothing Industry
Authors: LU Shu , Liu Xiang
Published: January 2022

The textile and clothing industry is the traditional leading industry as well as an important export industry in Fujian Province. In recent years, the rapid development of the textile industry in Fujian has made it become an important part of the textile and apparel value chain, and has been deeply integrated into the entire value system. Japan is one of the traditional market exports of Fujian Province, but the textile products exported from Fujian Province to Japan have been at the low end of the value chain for a long time. Therefore, it is essential to discuss how to make Fujian textile and clothing industry climb to the high value link. This article takes Fujian Province’s textile and clothing industry as the research object, combines the current situation of Fujian’s textile and clothing exports based on the advantages and disadvantages of the Fujian’s textile and clothing value chain, and analyzes the situation of Fujian’s textile and clothing exports from the perspective of the value chain to pinpoint the problems, as a result, fumble out the solutions to improve and optimize Fujian's export of textiles and clothing to Japan.
Exploration on the Agricultural University Hydraulic and Pneumatic Transmission Practice Teaching under the Background of Industry-Education Integration
Authors: Ma Shaochun , Wang Fenglei , Bai Jing , Hu Jiwei , Wang Menglong , Wei Yi
Published: January 2022

Recently, China proposed the concept of “New Engineering Disciplines” (NEDs). The higher education innovation and industry-education integration had been emphasized for the construction of a powerful country in education. With regard to the major problem of Hydraulic and Pneumatic Transmission teaching in agricultural universities, the course teaching plans and practice teaching platform needs to be reformed and optimized. Further, a practical teaching system can be established involving class-industry-practice base teaching activities. Additionally, new concepts and modes of industry-education collaboration and integration have to be explored.
Exploration on the Innovation Practice Ability Training System of Mechatronic Engineering Students Based on University Industry Cooperation
Authors: LI Chunling
Published: January 2022

There are several problems in the training system of mechatronic engineering students, such as curriculum remaining unchanged, separation of research from teaching, aging of talent training mode, and the gap between the graduates and the personnel requirements of enterprises. The industry education cooperation training mode was adopted to improve students' innovative practice ability. Some concrete reform measures were put forward in the following four aspects, i.e. innovation practice course group construction, innovation practice complex platform construction, teaching and assessment methods, allocation of teaching resources.
Exploration on the Cultivation of Innovative Applied Talents in Local Universities under the Background of Industry-Education Integration
Authors: Song Jian , Liu Lixia , Zeng Qiangcheng
Published: January 2022

Local colleges and universities should focus on serving regional industries and local economic development, as training base for applied talents with innovative spirit. The fusion of industry and education proposes new guidelines to construct school-enterprise collaborative education platform and integration of industrial chain and academic chain. By using the fusion of industry and education to enhance higher education quality for local colleges and universities, Dezhou University construct the competency-based talent cultivation mechanism from the aspects of reforming the talent training scheme, optimizing the specialty and curriculum system, adopting diversified innovation and entrepreneurship courses, promoting the practice teaching, building platforms for practice and innovation, training "double-skilled" teachers and establishing safeguard measures for talents training. Thus providing guidance and demonstration for the cultivation of applied talents with innovative spirits in local colleges and universities.
Characteristics of Viburnum species seeds
Authors: Mukhametova Svetlana Valer'evna , Terent'eva Emiliya Aleksandrovna , Moskovkina Tat'yana Vasil'evna
Published: January 2022

Viburnums are of economic importance, are an important component of forests, they are used in landscaping, have medicinal and nutritional value. The purpose of the study is a comparative analysis of characteristics of seeds of 4 viburnum species in the conditions of the Mari El Republic. The authors study the pyrenes collected in 2018-2020 from the plants grown in the exposition "Fruticetum" of the Botanical Garden-Institute of VSUT (Yoshkar-Ola). The mass of 1000 seeds was determined according to GOST 13056.4-67, the sizes of 30 seeds were measured with a caliper. It was found that the studied viburnums form seeds of typical size and weight. Viburnum lentago had the largest seeds, Viburnum lantana had the smallest ones. A significant influence of the species specificity factor on the weight of seeds was revealed, while no significant influence of the factor of weather conditions of different years on the seed indicators was established. The weight of the seeds was very closely positively correlated with their length and significantly with their thickness. The thickness of the seeds was characterized by the highest level of variability, negatively correlated with their width and positively with their length. During the 3 years of the study, the heaviest seeds in most species were formed in 2018.
A low-crosstalk and high-density multi-core few-mode fiber based on heterogeneous core and trench-assisted air-holes isolation
Authors: Wang Yan , Han Ying , Li Zeng-Hui , Gong Lin , Wang Lu-Yao , Li Shu-Guang ,   The Key Laboratory for Special Fiber and Fiber Sensor of Hebei Provence, School of Information Science and Engineering (School of Softwave), Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China,   Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science & Technology, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
Published: January 2022

The capacity of a traditional optical communication system based on single-mode fiber has approached to its theoretical limit. Multi-core few-mode fibers provide an effective way to break through the bottleneck of existing transmission capacity. In this paper, a 5-LP-mode weakly-coupled low-crosstalk 7-core fiber is designed by using a combination of trench assistance and air hole isolation structure. The fiber with a standard outer diameter achieves low crosstalk between cores and modes. The inter-core crosstalk area and the effective mode area of the core are calculated by the finite element method. After design optimization, there are 5 stable transmission LP modes in the C+L band of optical communication in this fiber. The effective refractive index difference between LP21 mode and LP02 mode is the smallest and is greater than 1.1 × 10–3. The LP31 mode in the optical fiber has the largest inter-core crosstalk and the loss is lower than –50 dB/km. The fiber can achieve low crosstalk transmission between modes and cores at the same time. The mode areas of the 5 LP modes in the 7 cores are larger than 86 μm2, and the relative core multiplexing factor is 57.63 at a wavelength of 1550 nm. Therefore, this fiber can be used in a large-capacity high-speed fiber transmission system.
Performance optimization of three-terminal nanowire refrigerator based on one-dimensional ballistic conductor
Authors: Xu Shuai , Yang Yun-Yun , Liu Xing , He Ji-Zhou ,   Department of Physics, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
Published: January 2022

In this paper, the model of a three-terminal nanowire refrigerator is established based on one-dimensional (1D) ballistic conductor. It is composed of an intermediate cavity and left/right electron reservoir in which the intermediate cavity and left/right electron reservoir are connected by 1D nanowire conductor. The expression for the charge current and that for the energy current flowing from two electron reservoirs are derived by using Landauer formula and basic thermodynamic laws. Then, the working region of the refrigerator is obtained, its performance characteristics are analyzed, and its performance optimization is discussed. It is shown that the refrigerator under different parameters operates in different working regions. For each refrigeration region, there is an upper limit of temperature difference, and the refrigerator will be unable to refrigerate beyond the upper limit. The characteristic curve of the cooling rate changing with performance coefficient is a loop-shaped one, which provides an important index for us to evaluate the performance of the refrigerator. The energy level width of the nanowire can be reduced as much as possible, which will improve the performance of the refrigerator.
Disproven but still believed: The role of information and individual differences in the prediction of topic‐related pseudoscience acceptance
Authors: García‐Arch Josue , Ballestero‐Arnau Marc , Pérez Hoyas Lorena , Giaiotti Francesca
Published: January 2022

The spread of pseudoscience (PS) is a worrying problem worldwide. The study of pseudoscience beliefs and their associated predictors have been conducted in the context of isolated pseudoscience topics (e.g., complementary and alternative medicine). Here, we combined individual differences (IIDD) measures (e.g., personality traits, thinking styles) with measures related with the information received about PS: familiarity and disproving information (DI) in order to explore potential differences among pseudoscience topics in terms of their associated variables. These topics differed in their familiarity, their belief rating, and their associated predictors. Critically, our results not only show that DI is negatively associated with pseudoscience beliefs but that the effect of various IIDD predictors (e.g., analytic thinking) depends on whether DI had been received. This study highlights the need to control for variables related to information received about pseudoscientific claims to better understand the effect of other predictors on different pseudoscience beliefs topics.
One‐Step Preparation of NiV‐LDH@CNT Hierarchical Composite for Advanced Asymmetrical Supercapacitor
Authors: Tu Qian , Zhang Jieyu , Cai Shaoyong , Zhang Kejun , Zhan Hongju , Huang Shaoyun , Chen Liangzhe , Sun Xinyu
Published: January 2022

As one of the supercapacitor materials, nickel–vanadium layered double hydroxide (NiV‐LDH) has received wide attention, but poor electrochemical stability and capacitance constrain their applications. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) enable solving these issues. Herein, NiV‐LDH@CNT is well designed and prepared through a facile one‐step refluxing method, which is free of high temperature and complicated equipment. Benefiting from the hierarchical and accessible structure, the NiV‐LDH@CNT composite indicates a high specific capacitance (1493 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1 and 432 F g−1 at 50 A g−1). It also has 68.8% cycling durability after 1000 charge/discharge cycles at 20 A g−1, compared with that of NiV‐LDH of 28.1%. Furthermore, the asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) with activated carbon (AC) and NiV‐LDH@CNT are fabricated by the screen‐printing method. Surprisingly, the as‐fabricated NiV‐LDH@CNT//AC ASC device can achieve an ideal specific capacitance (85 F g−1 at 2 A g−1) and a large energy density (95.6 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 5417.8 W kg−1), which can be a great promising candidate for electrodes in the energy storage device.
Scaffold Vaccines for Generating Robust and Tunable Antibody Responses
Authors: Najibi Alexander J. , Dellacherie Maxence O. , Shih Ting‐Yu , Doherty Edward J. , White Des A. , Bauleth‐Ramos Tomás , Stafford Alexander G. , Weaver James C. , Yeager Chyenne D. , Seiler Benjamin T. , Pezone Matthew , Li Aileen W. , Sarmento Bruno , Santos Hélder A. , Mooney David J. , Gu Luo
Published: January 2022

Traditional bolus vaccines often fail to sustain robust adaptive immune responses, typically requiring multiple booster shots for optimal efficacy. Additionally, these provide few opportunities to control the resulting subclasses of antibodies produced, which can mediate effector functions relevant to distinct disease settings. Here, it is found that three scaffold‐based vaccines, fabricated from poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) (PLG), mesoporous silica rods, and alginate cryogels, induce robust, long‐term antibody responses to a model peptide antigen gonadotropin‐releasing hormone with single‐shot immunization. Compared to a bolus vaccine, PLG vaccines prolong germinal center formation and T follicular helper cell responses. Altering the presentation and release of the adjuvant (cytosine‐guanosine oligodeoxynucleotide, CpG) tunes the resulting IgG subclasses. Further, PLG vaccines elicit strong humoral responses against disease‐associated antigens HER2 peptide and pathogenic E. coli, protecting mice against E. coli challenge more effectively than a bolus vaccine. Scaffold‐based vaccines may thus enable potent, durable and versatile humoral immune responses against disease.
Room‐Temperature Ferromagnetism in Perylene Diimide Organic Semiconductor
Authors: Jiang Qinglin , Zhang Jiang , Mao Zhongquan , Yao Yao , Zhao Duokai , Jia Yanhua , Hu Dehua , Ma Yuguang
Published: January 2022

The development of pure organic magnets with high Curie temperatures remains a challenging task in material science. Introducing high‐density free radicals to strongly interacting organic molecules may be an effective method to this end. In this study, a solvothermal approach with excess hydrazine hydrate is used to concurrently reduce and dissolve rigid‐backbone perylene diimide (PDI) crystallites into the soluble dianion species with a remarkably high reduction potential. The as‐prepared PDI powders comprising radical anion aggregates are fabricated by a subsequent self‐assembly and spontaneous oxidation process. The results of magnetic measurements show that the PDI powders exhibit room‐temperature ferromagnetism and a Curie temperature higher than 400 K, with a vast saturation magnetization that reaches ≈1.2 emu g−1. Elemental analysis along with the diamagnetic signal of the ablated residue are used to rule out the possibility that the magnetism is due to metal contamination. The findings suggest that the long‐range ferromagnetic ordering can survive at room‐temperature in organic semiconductors, and offers a new optional way to create room‐temperature magnetic semiconductors.
Fabrication of Efficient Single‐Emitter Plasmonic Patch Antennas by Deterministic In Situ Optical Lithography using Spatially Modulated Light
Authors: Dhawan Amit R. , Nasilowski Michel , Wang Zhiming , Dubertret Benoît , Maître Agnès
Published: January 2022

Single‐emitter plasmonic patch antennas are room‐temperature deterministic single‐photon sources, which exhibit highly accelerated and directed single‐photon emission. However, for efficient operation these structures require 3D nanoscale deterministic control of emitter positioning within the device, which is a demanding task, especially when emitter damage during fabrication is a major concern. To overcome this limitation, the deterministic room‐temperature in situ optical lithography protocol uses spatially modulated light to position a plasmonic structure nondestructively on any selected single‐emitter with 3D nanoscale control. Herein, the emission statistics of such plasmonic antennas that embed a deterministically positioned single colloidal CdSe/CdS quantum dot, which highlight acceleration and brightness of emission, are analyzed. It is demonstrated that the presented antenna induces a 1000‐fold effective increase in the absorption cross‐section, and, under high pumping, these antennas show nonlinearly enhanced emission.
Ultralow‐Threshold and High‐Quality Whispering‐Gallery‐Mode Lasing from Colloidal Core/Hybrid‐Shell Quantum Wells
Authors: Duan Rui , Zhang Zitong , Xiao Lian , Zhao Xiaoxu , Thung Yi Tian , Ding Lu , Liu Zheng , Yang Jun , Ta Van Duong , Sun Handong
Published: January 2022

The realization of efficient on‐chip microlasers with scalable fabrication, ultralow threshold, and stable single‐frequency operation is always desired for a wide range of miniaturized photonic systems. Herein, an effective way to fabricate nanostructures‐ whispering‐gallery‐mode (WGM) lasers by drop‐casting CdSe/CdS@Cd1−xZnxS core/buffer‐shell@graded‐shell nanoplatelets (NPLs) dispersion onto silica microspheres is presented. Benefiting from the excellent gain properties from the interface engineered core/hybrid shell NPLs and high‐quality factor WGM resonator from excellent optical field confinement, the proposed room‐temperature NPLs‐WGM microlasers show a record‐low lasing threshold of 3.26 µJ cm−2 under nanosecond laser pumping among all colloidal NPLs‐based lasing demonstrations. The presence of sharp discrete transverse electric‐ and magnetic‐mode spikes, the inversely proportional dependence of the free spectra range on microsphere sizes and the polarization anisotropy of laser output represent the first direct experimental evidence for NPLs‐WGM lasing nature, which is verified theoretically by the computed electric‐field distribution inside the microcavity. Remarkably, a stable single‐mode lasing output with an ultralow lasing threshold of 3.84 µJ cm−2 is achieved by the Vernier effect through evanescent field coupling. The results highlight the significance of interface engineering on the optimization of gain properties of heterostructured nanomaterials and shed light on developing future miniaturized tunable coherent light sources.
Sulfuration of Li‐Rich Mn‐Based Cathode Materials for Multianionic Redox and Stabilized Coordination Environment
Authors: Zhang Kun , Qi Jizhen , Song Jin , Zuo Yuxuan , Yang Yali , Yang Tonghuan , Chen Tao , Liu Xi , Chen Liwei , Xia Dingguo
Published: January 2022

Lithium‐rich transition metal oxides (LLOs) can deliver high specific capacity over 250 mAh g−1, stemming from additional contribution of oxygen redox. However, the formation of O(2−n)− (0 < n < 2) species and even oxygen gas during the deep oxidation stage leads to progressive structural transformation that cause voltage decay/hysteresis, sluggish kinetics, and poor thermostability, preventing real‐world application of LLOs. Therefore, the substantive key relies on enhancing the anionic redox stability in LLOs. Here, a sulfuration procedure of LLOs (S‐LLOs) is proposed, in which sulfur anions are incorporated into oxygen sites in the lattice structure and form polyanions on the surface. Proved by structural characterizations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, sulfur anions in the interior lattice can reversibly participate in the redox process and enhance the integral coordination stability by mitigating undesired oxygen redox. Moreover, S polyanions at the surface form a protecting layer for interfacial stability. The electrochemical measurements indicate that S‐LLO demonstrates a high discharge capacity of 307.8 mAh g−1, an outstanding capacity retention rate of 91.5% after 200 cycles, along with excellent voltage maintenance, rate capability, and thermostability. The sulfuration process of LLOs with multianionic redox mechanism highlights a promising strategy to design novel high‐energy‐density cathode materials with superior cycling performance.
GaN‐Based Deep‐Nano Structures: Break the Efficiency Bottleneck of Conventional Nanoscale Optoelectronics
Authors: Navid Ishtiaque Ahmed , Pandey Ayush , Goh Yin Min , Schwartz Jonathan , Hovden Robert , Mi Zetian
Published: January 2022

Conventional semiconducting nanowire optoelectronic devices generally exhibit low efficiency, due to dominant nonradiative surface recombination. Here, it is shown that such a critical challenge can be potentially addressed by exploiting semiconducting structures in the deep‐nanoregime. The epitaxy and structural and optical characteristics of GaN‐based micro‐network nanostructures grown on Si wafer are studied. These complex nanostructures have lateral dimensions as small as a few nanometers. Detailed scanning transmission electron microscopy studies suggest that the self‐assembled micro‐network nanostructures are monocrystalline, despite the porous nature. Significantly, such micro‐network nanostructures exhibit ultrabright emission in the visible spectrum. Compared to conventional InGaN nanowire structures with similar surface area, the surface recombination velocity of such deep‐nanostructures is reduced by nearly two orders of magnitude, which is evidenced by the extremely bright luminescence emission as well as the long carrier lifetime measured under low excitation conditions. This study offers a new path for the design and development of next generation high efficiency nanoscale optoelectronic devices.
A Bipolar Delayed Fluorescence Luminogen with Fast Reverse Intersystem Crossing and High Horizontal Dipole Orientation for High‐Performance Sky‐Blue and White OLEDs
Authors: Fu Yan , Liu Hao , Yang Dezhi , Ma Dongge , Zhao Zujin , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: January 2022

The development of robust luminescent materials plays a key role for organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs). Herein, a tailor‐made sky‐blue delayed fluorescence luminogen (DCPC‐BP‐SFAC) containing a carbonyl acceptor and spiro[acridine‐9,9″‐fluorene] and 9,9″‐(cyclohexane‐1,1‐diylbis(4,1‐phenylene))bis(9H‐carbazole) donors is explored, which holds merits of excellent thermal stability, strong photoluminescence, balanced carrier transport, and horizontal dipole orientation. Owing to a charge‐transfer dominated singlet state and a charge‐transfer and local‐excitation hybrid triplet state, DCPC‐BP‐SFAC has a small energy gap between singlet and triplet as well as a large spin–orbit coupling constant, which result in a fast reverse intersystem crossing process and thus efficient delayed fluorescence. High‐performance sky‐blue OLEDs with outstanding external quantum efficiencies (ηext) reaching 32.6% are achieved based on DCPC‐BP‐SFAC, benefiting from high exciton utilization and large light out‐coupling efficiency. Moreover, using DCPC‐BP‐SFAC as blue emitter and host material simultaneously, efficient all‐fluorescence out‐of‐phase sensitizing white OLEDs without interlayer are fabricated, providing high ηext of up to 21.6% and stable warm‐white light with a high color rendering index of 84. The outstanding electroluminescence performances demonstrate the great potentials of DCPC‐BP‐SFAC in practical display and lighting devices.
Thickness Scaling Effects on the Complex Optical Conductivity of Few‐Layer WSe2 Investigated by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry
Authors: Fang Mingsheng , Gu Honggang , Song Baokun , Guo Zhengfeng , Liu Shiyuan
Published: January 2022

2D WSe2 have attracted widespread attentions as an ideal platform for new type optoelectronic and nanoelectronics applications. Understanding the intrinsic thickness scaling effects in complex optical conductivity of 2D, WSe2 is vital for WSe2‐based photonic and optoelectronic devices. Herein, complex optical conductivities of 1–5 layers in the energy range of 0.73–6.42 eV by spectroscopic ellipsometry with the classical slab model have been determined. Up to eight feature peaks (A–H) are observed in the optical conductivity spectra, and the central energies of these peaks are identified by the differential spectrum analysis method. These central energies exhibit interesting layer dependencies due to the thickness scaling effects. Specifically, for the low‐energy feature peaks A–E, their central energies decrease with the thickness increasing. But for the high‐energy feature peaks G and H, their central energies first show significant blueshifts and then redshifts as the thickness increases. These novel layer‐dependent evolvements are attributed in the optical conductivity of few‐layer WSe2 to the competition mechanism between the decreasing exciton binding energy and the band gap narrowing.
Modulation of the Bi3+ 6s2 Lone Pair State in Perovskites for High‐Mobility p‐Type Oxide Semiconductors
Authors: Shi Jueli , Rubinstein Ethan A. , Li Weiwei , Zhang Jiaye , Yang Ye , Lee Tien‐Lin , Qin Changdong , Yan Pengfei , MacManus‐Driscoll Judith L. , Scanlon David O. , Zhang Kelvin H.L.
Published: January 2022

Oxide semiconductors are key materials in many technologies from flat‐panel displays，solar cells to transparent electronics. However, many potential applications are hindered by the lack of high mobility p‐type oxide semiconductors due to the localized O‐2p derived valence band (VB) structure. In this work, the VB structure modulation is reported for perovskite Ba2BiMO6 (M = Bi, Nb, Ta) via the Bi 6s2 lone pair state to achieve p‐type oxide semiconductors with high hole mobility up to 21 cm2 V−1 s−1, and optical bandgaps widely varying from 1.5 to 3.2 eV. Pulsed laser deposition is used to grow high quality epitaxial thin films. Synergistic combination of hard x‐ray photoemission, x‐ray absorption spectroscopies, and density functional theory calculations are used to gain insight into the electronic structure of Ba2BiMO6. The high mobility is attributed to the highly dispersive VB edges contributed from the strong coupling of Bi 6s with O 2p at the top of VB that lead to low hole effective masses (0.4–0.7 me). Large variation in bandgaps results from the change in the energy positions of unoccupied Bi 6s orbital or Nb/Ta d orbitals that form the bottom of conduction band. P–N junction diode constructed with p‐type Ba2BiTaO6 and n‐type Nb doped SrTiO3 exhibits high rectifying ratio of 1.3 × 104 at ±3 V, showing great potential in fabricating high‐quality devices. This work provides deep insight into the electronic structure of Bi3+ based perovskites and guides the development of new p‐type oxide semiconductors.
The beginnings of biometrical psychiatric genetics: Studies of the insane diathesis 1905–1909
Authors: Kendler Kenneth S.
Published: January 2022

The year 1900 saw not only the rediscovery of Mendel's hybridization studies but also the publication by Karl Pearson of his newly developed tetrachoric correlation which he used to study the parent–offspring resemblance for the “insane diathesis” in 1905. This was followed by more detailed reports by two of his students/associates: Heron in 1907 and Goring in 1909. Both calculated the tetrachoric correlation for insanity in parent–offspring and Heron for sib–sib pairs. Estimates ranged from approximately +0.30 to +0.60. These papers were statistically sophisticated but demonstrated minimal interest in the phenotype being studied. They are of historical interest because they laid the groundwork for biometrical psychiatric genetics which emerged as a major research paradigm in latter third of the 20th century. In a biting critique of Heron's paper by a young Ernst Rüdin, we see the beginnings of a long‐running argument in psychiatric genetics about the relative value of detailed phenotyping versus novel statistical methods and of Mendelian versus Biometrical methods. While much interest has focused on the eugenic orientation of German psychiatric genetics in the early 20th century, these early British biometrical geneticists, like the majority of geneticists of that day, were also ardent advocates of the eugenic application of their research results.
Caseloads in forensic anthropology
Authors: Pilloud Marin A. , Passalacqua Nicholas V. , Philbin Casey S.
Published: January 2022

Objectives

There are currently no baseline data regarding the amount and types of case reports produced by forensic anthropologists. This research fills that gap by providing data on caseloads of practicing forensic anthropologists and identifying variables that may contribute to amount and type of casework.

Materials and methods

A survey was distributed to practicing forensic anthropologists (n = 364) to explore number of case reports written and possible influential factors. Questions included demographic information, employment type, institution where master's degree or PhD were obtained, type of reports written, professional organization membership, certification, graduate research focus, among others. Data were analyzed using summary statistics, a random forest model, network analysis, and structural equation modeling.

Results

The mean number of sole‐authored skeletal analysis reports per year was 12.33 and field recovery reports was 2 per year. Statistical analyses identified several variables influencing case loads which included: number of fieldwork reports per year, current employment, total number of cases analyzed, age, publication record, and institution of doctoral degree. Network analyses revealed that individuals in academic settings tended to have a bioarchaeological research focus from their graduate work, whereas those in an applied setting had a focus on forensic anthropology. Further, degree institution influenced employment type.

Discussion/conclusions

These data address expectations for the number of cases analyzed by a forensic anthropologist per year and set a baseline for expectations and performance. Based on these results, we suggest that forensic anthropology is underutilized in the medicolegal death investigation system and more forensic anthropologists should be employed within Medical Examiner/Coroner's Offices.
Control of Hot Carrier Relaxation in CsPbBr3 Nanocrystals Using Damping Ligands
Authors: Zeng Peng , Ren Xinjian , Wei Linfeng , Zhao Haifeng , Liu Xiaochun , Zhang Xinyang , Xu Yanmin , Yan Lihe , Boldt Klaus , Smith Trevor A. , Liu Mingzhen
Published: January 2022

In photon‐conversion processes, rapid cooling of photo‐induced hot carriers is a dominant energy loss channel. We herein report a 3‐fold reduced hot carrier cooling rate in CsPbBr3 nanocrystals capped with a cross‐linked polysiloxane shell in comparison to single alkyl‐chain oleylamine ligands. Relaxation of hot charge carriers depends on the carrier‐phonon coupling (CPC) process as an important channel to dissipate energies in nanostructured perovskite materials. The CPC strengths in the two samples were measured through cryogenic photoluminescence spectroscopic measurements. The effect of organic ligands on the CPC in CsPbBr3 nanocrystals is elucidated based on a damped oscillation model. This supplements the conventional polaron‐based CPC model, by involving a damping effect on the CPC from the resistance of the ligands against nanocrystal lattice vibrations. The model also accounts for the observed linear temperature‐dependence of the CPC strength. Our work enables predictions about the effect of the ligands on the performance of perovskite nanocrystals in future applications.
Piezoelectric sensor based on electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride)/sulfonated poly(1,4‐phenylene sulfide) blend nonwoven fiber mat
Authors: Pervin Shamim‐Ara , Sathiyanathan Ponnan , Prabu Arun Anand , Kim Kap Jin
Published: January 2022

Electrospun poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF)/sulfonated poly(1,4‐phenylene sulfide) (sPPS) blend nanofiber webs are prepared to investigate the changes in piezoelectric behavior of PVDF as a function of sPPS content using spectral and electrical measurements. Initial fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral analysis carried out using PVDF/sPPS as‐cast films provides useful information about the preferential formation of the β‐crystalline phase in PVDF. Even with the addition of 10 wt% of sPPS, β‐crystalline absorbance increases significantly in as‐cast PVDF film at the expense of a corresponding decrease in α‐crystalline absorbance. Cyclic–voltammetric analysis confirms the redox behavior of sPPS and its influence on improving the performance of PVDF/sPPS blend‐based piezoelectric sensor through hydrogen bonding and ion‐dipole interactions. The piezoelectric output signal recorded using PVDF/sPPS blend (95:5) nanofiber web shows ~4.4 times increase in output signal amplitude compared to that of neat PVDF based sensor, which is an evidence that the PVDF/sPPS nanofiber web material can be used as a commercially viable flexible pressure sensor.
Segmental and interfacial dynamics quantitatively determine ion transport in solid polymer composite electrolytes
Authors: Huang Yage , Mei Xintong , Guo Yunlong
Published: January 2022

Solid polymer‐ceramic composite electrolytes (PCEs) have attracted vast attention for developing solid‐state batteries. However, slow ion transport at ambient temperature impedes unlocking their potential. Improving ionic conductivity of PCEs remains a major challenge, because ion transport mechanism in complicated composites is not currently available. This article, for the first time, demonstrates that segmental motion and interfacial polarization are directly coupled, both quantitatively determine ion transport in PCEs. Adding small‐molecule additives enhances ionic conductivity in PCEs, by increasing concentration of ions participating in transport and by equally accelerating segmental motion and interfacial dynamics. Accordingly, an ionic conductivity achieves 1.3 × 10−3 S/cm at 30°C, simultaneously with high mechanical strength and toughness (solid and flexible, shear modulus G' > 1 MPa). The results may shed a light for better analysis and improved design of solid composite electrolytes, toward meeting material demands for next‐generation electrochemical energy storage.
Re‐examining our roots: Queer history and anatomy
Authors: Smith Theodore C.
Published: January 2022

Since its establishment as one of the major authorities on the human body, Anatomy has played a crucial role in social and political spheres. In this article, I review how the history of Anatomy has intersected with queer history and how the effects of these interactions have affected queer lives today. In these historical cases, I aim to demonstrate how Anatomy has affected the social organization of human culture and society and also how society has affected anatomical knowledge in return. As this reciprocal connection between Anatomy and societal organization is elucidated, I argue that anatomists, clinicians, and educators have an ethical duty to address the connections of this history, both in our research and our classrooms. This historical tour begins in the ancient world, which established a connection between sexuality and physiology and reproduction. This is followed by an exploration of the Renaissance and Enlightenment, which highlight the connections between anatomical knowledge, the law, and social organization. The progressive and modern eras are explored next via modern research into the anatomical and biological origins of same‐sex attraction and the use of modern technology in these investigations. Finally, the article ends with a call for reform along with suggestions for future steps.
Zinc oxide and gold textured Janus nanowire integration in an impedimetric sensor for leptospirosis DNA‐biomarker recognition
Authors: Haarindraprasad R. , Gopinath Subash C. B. , Veeradassan P.
Published: January 2022

A “Janus particle” refers to the production of two materials in a single system and shows a difference in physical characteristics, and two surfaces participate in the formation with different chemistries. This research generated the Janus using a hybrid of zinc oxide (ZnO) and gold (Au) on the sensor surface toward making high‐performance DNA sensors. The Janus ZnO/Au‐textured film was synthesized via the one‐step sol–gel method, which involves a suitable ratio of a mixture of ZnO sol seed solution. The synthesized Janus ZnO/Au‐textured film undergoes a low‐temperature aqueous hydrothermal route to synthesize quasi‐one‐dimensional nanowires. The average grain size in the Janus ZnO/Au nanotextured wire was 41.60 nm. The fabricated nanotextured wire was further optimized by tuning the thickness and characterized by XRD and high‐resolution microscopy. Electrical characterization was conducted on the Janus ZnO/Au nanotextured wire coupled with an interdigitated electrode sensor to detect the specific leptospirosis DNA strand. The generated device is capable of detecting lower DNA concentration at 1 × 10–13 M with a sensitivity of 8.54 MΩ M–1 cm–2. The high performance is attained on linear concentrations of 10–6–10–13 M with the determination coefficient, “I = 135437.63C−3609.07” R2 = 0.9551. A potential strategy is proposed as a base for developing different high‐performance sensors.
Synthesis and fluorescent properties of europium(III) complexes based on novel coumarin derivatives
Authors: Yang Shuaishuai , Guo Zuping , Huang Wei , Hu Zhongqian , Li Guizhi , Guo Dongcai
Published: January 2022

Four novel coumarin fluorescence small‐molecules were successfully prepared and validated by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR), carbon‐13 (13C)‐NMR, and mass spectrometry (MS). Their corresponding europium(III) complexes were synthesized and characterized. The ligand can emit green fluorescence in solutions, and the best concentration was 40 μmol/L. The emission peak of ligand has a red‐shift with the increase of concentration and solvent polarity. And the effect of various substituents in ligand was ordered using fluorescence intensity as standard: ‐NO2 > ‐Cl > ‐OCH3 > ‐OH. The order of fluorescence quantum yield is in line with the order of fluorescence intensity. The title europium complexes exhibit red fluorescence of europium ion (Eu3+) with good thermal stability. The effect of various substituents in ligand on the fluorescence intensity of title europium complexes was also consistent with the earlier results. This suggests that the prepared coumarins fluorescence small‐molecules and their corresponding europium complexes have potential application prospects in the field of optical materials.
Novel cost‐efficient protein‐based membrane system for cells cocultivation and modeling the intercellular communication
Authors: Minin Artem , Blatov Igor , Lebedeva Valeria , Tiukhai Maxim , Pozdina Varvara , Byzov Ilya , Zubarev Ilya
Published: January 2022

In vitro systems serve as compact and manipulate models to investigate interactions between different cell types. A homogeneous population of cells predictably and uniformly responds to external factors. In a heterogeneous cell population, the effect of external growth factors is perceived in the context of intercellular interactions. Indirect cell cocultivation allows one to observe the paracrine effects of cells and separately analyze cell populations. The article describes an application of custom‐made cell cocultivation systems based on protein membranes separated from the bottom of the vessel by the 3D printed holder or kept afloat by a magnetic field. Using the proposed cocultivation system, we analyzed the interaction of A549 cells and fibroblasts, in the presence and absence of growth factors. During cocultivation of cells, the expression of genes of the activation for epithelial and mesenchymal transitions decreases. The article proposes the application of a newly available system for the cocultivation of different cell types.
Case report: A novel application of the MicroVascular Plug (MVP) in treating distal coronary perforation
Authors: Low Randal J. B. , Khoo Deanna Z. L. , Ong Paul J. L.
Published: January 2022

Coronary artery perforation during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a rare but severe complication which has been associated with a high rate of major adverse outcomes and is potentially fatal. We report a case of a 70‐year‐old male who presented with an anterior ST‐elevation myocardial infarction. Coronary angiogram revealed a proximal left anterior descending (LAD) artery occlusion. Successful PCI was performed with stenting of the LAD. However, subsequent attempts to retrieve a jailed diagonal branch inadvertently led to distal coronary perforation of the LAD. After failed attempts to tamponade the perforation with prolonged balloon inflation, this was successfully sealed with the MicroVascular Plug (Medtronic) system. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of such an application in the coronary system. This may prove to be a viable alternative in closure of distal coronary perforations.
Effects of pulse crop types and extrusion parameters on the physicochemical properties, in vitro and in vivo starch digestibility of pet foods
Authors: Ren Yikai , Quilliam Chloe , Weber Lynn P. , Warkentin Thomas D. , Tulbek Mehmet C. , Ai Yongfeng
Published: January 2022

Background and objectives

This study aimed to tackle the research gaps regarding how different pulse types and extrusion conditions influenced starch digestibility and quality attributes of extruded dry pet foods. Flours of round pea, lentil, faba bean, wrinkled pea, and rice (control) were selected to extrude dry pet foods under “mild” (C1) and “extreme” (C2) conditions. Physicochemical properties, in vitro and in vivo starch digestibility of the resulting pet foods were characterized.

Findings

Under both conditions, wrinkled pea pet foods showed significantly lower damaged/gelatinized‐starch contents and less molecular breakdown than other samples. For all the formulations, the C2 condition gelatinized and degraded starch to greater extents than C1. Consistent with the structural and physicochemical properties of the extrudates, wrinkled pea pet foods exhibited notably lower digestibility in both in vitro and in vivo studies than other formulations.

Conclusions

Both pulse types and extrusion parameters effectively impacted the quality and starch digestibility of the extruded pet foods. Wrinkled pea flours showed high amylose contents and could be a promising ingredient for producing pet foods rich in resistant starch.

Significance and novelty

This study revealed the interrelationships among the structures, physicochemical properties, and starch digestibility of extruded pet foods formulated with normal and high‐amylose pulse flours.
Cerebral calcium embolism
Authors: Asensi Cantó Pedro , Solís Ruíz Jürgen , Lloret Madrid Pilar , Bonanad Boix Santiago
Published: January 2022

A new‐onset neurological deficit after calcified aortic valve replacement and an hyperdense image on the computed tomography raised suspicion of an stroke of unusual etiology.
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis/macrophage activation syndrome (HLH/MAS) following treatment with tisagenlecleucel
Authors: Martín‐Rojas Reyes Maria , Gómez‐Centurión Ignacio , Bailén Rebeca , Bastos Mariana , Diaz‐Crespo Francisco , Carbonell Diego , Correa‐Rocha Rafael , Pion Marjorie , Muñoz Cristina , Sancho Milagros , Gómez Fernández Isabel , Oarbeascoa Gillen , Pérez‐Corral Ana , Martínez‐Laperche Carolina , Anguita Javier , Buño Ismael , Menárguez Javier , Díez‐Martín Jose Luis , Kwon Mi
Published: January 2022

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell–related HLH/MAS is an unusual manifestation of severe cytokine release syndrome (CRS) with poor prognosis and a challenging diagnosis. The establishment of specific diagnosis criteria is essential, and the combination of several techniques for CAR T‐cell follow‐up, allows a more precise management of this complication.
Rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury due to suicide attempt with tramadol: A rare case report
Authors: Gholami Farhad , Sadeghi Mahdieh , Zakariaei Zakaria , Soleymani Mostafa , Malakian Abdollah
Published: January 2022

Although acute kidney injury (AKI) is a very rare complication of tramadol (TR) poisoning, overdose use in recent years should be considered. We present a 21‐year‐old man with metabolic acidosis, seizures, elevated serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK), creatinine, and rhabdomyolysis due to tramadol poisoning.
Prostatic urethra recurrence after transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) for non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC)
Authors: Bilim Vladimir , Hoshi Senji
Published: January 2022

Urinary bladder cancer is frequently multifocal and has a high incidence of recurrence. Although the prostatic urethra is a frequent site of tumor relapse in patients with non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer treated with TURBT, such tumors are often underdiagnosed. Here we present two cases having urethral recurrence after TURBT.
Malignant proliferating trichilemmal tumor in abdominal wall: Report of a rare case at an uncommon site with literature review
Authors: Azizi Mahdokht , Ramezani Mazaher
Published: January 2022

The proliferating trichilemmal tumor (PTT) is a very rare cutaneous neoplasm that rarely is malignant. PTTs mainly occur in the scalp of elderly women. Only 10% occur in places other than scalp. We present a 62‐year‐old male patient with malignant PTT in his abdominal wall.