bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors Influencing Entrepreneurial Intention among Agricultural Engineering Students in Adverse Business Environment
Authors: Valcin Rival , Pierre Absalon , Uchiyama Tomohiro , Paul Bénédique
Published: May 2024

Entrepreneurial intention is an important step toward nascent entrepreneurship. Many studies have been conducted in developed countries, but the key factors enhancing entrepreneurial intention in developing countries still need to be discovered. In many developing countries, adverse business environment hampers entrepreneurial intention, particularly among young people who tend to develop migration intention instead. However, when they are educated, young people have the potentiality to innovate and face risky business environments. In this study, the first to analyze the entrepreneurial intention of students in agricultural schools in Haiti, we collected primary data from a country-representative sample of 281 students studying in 21 Haitian agricultural engineering schools. Following the theories of planned behavior and entrepreneurial intention, we use both statistical and econometric analysis to assess the entrepreneurial intention and its determinants. Despite a turbulent context, the results revealed a high rate (54.1%) of entrepreneurial intention among students in agricultural engineering schools. This intention was significantly associated with factors like knowledge in business plan preparation, identification of successful agribusiness, experience in leadership and a relentless quest for autonomy.In contrast with the fact that when the stakes are high, people tend to be risk averse, results of this study show agricultural engineering students want to bring solutions even in risky contexts with limited resources. This study suggests that, in troubled countries like Haiti, with severe food insecurity, agricultural engineering students represent actors that can help create a promising future if appropriate support is brought to transform entrepreneurial intention into effective business creation.
Corps en lutte et terres asphyxiées : un regard sur les conséquences des sargasses en Martinique et en Guadeloupe
Authors: Labrousse Fanny Sabourin
Published: May 2024

En Martinique et en Guadeloupe, depuis 2011, les habitant-e-s subissent le dérèglement des échouages de sargasses. Habituées des côtes atlantiques des territoires caribéens depuis des siècles, les flux et la circulation en haute mer de ces algues brunes évoluent désormais peu à peu, jusqu’à s’échouer massivement et de manière irrégulière sur les littoraux des Antilles, asphyxiant alors les populations. Année après année, les Martiniquais-e-s et les Guadeloupéen-ne-s cherchent et ajustent des solutions pour protéger leurs corps, leur terre et leur air, et deviennent en quelque sorte des expert-e-s profanes. En parallèle de l’attente de reconnaissance des préjudices causés par les pollutions au chlordécone des années 1970 à 1990 et après le non-lieu annoncé en janvier 2023, l’action de l’État semble encore plus attendue, bien que de multiples coopérations alternatives se créent localement pour agir face aux échouages des algues brunes. Cet article présente une analyse des impacts de la modification des flux de sargasses en Martinique et en Guadeloupe.
Governance and digital transformation
Authors: Hilary Gilles , Serret Vanessa
Published: May 2024

The article aims to summarize the current knowledge on governance and digital transformation, focusing on strategic and operational dimensions. It identifies research gaps in linking governance, innovation, and the digital transition, attributing limitations to the challenge of accessing confidential organizational data. It suggests using detailed clinical cases for fruitful research, particularly in exploring the operational aspects of governance. Emphasizing the multidisciplinary nature of this research, it acknowledges complexities in conducting studies across financial, operational, and legal domains. However, it sees this as an opportunity to contribute significantly to understanding governance in the context of digital transformation.
Conséquences des recommandations de l’Autorité des Marchés Financiers sur la pertinence des résultats non-GAAP
Authors: Grégoire Davrinche , Guillaume Dumas
Published: May 2024

Dans cet article, nous étudions les conséquences des recommandations de l’AMF sur la pertinence des résultats non-GAAP (RNG). Ces recommandations imposent aux entreprises divulguant des RNG le respect d’un ensemble de bonnes pratiques, visant à en améliorer la transparence et la comparabilité. À partir d’un échantillon de 441 RNG communiqués entre 2011 et 2017, nous constatons une diminution de la pertinence des RNG suite à l’intervention du régulateur. Dans le même temps, les investisseurs réagissent davantage aux RNG après 2015, lorsque ces indicateurs reflètent une meilleure « qualité » de communication (i.e. conformité aux recommandations de l’AMF). Enfin, nous constatons une diminution de la dispersion des prévisions d’analystes financiers après 2015, ce qui suggère une diminution de l’asymétrie d’information suite à l’intervention de l’AMF.
Consequences of the Financial Markets Authority Guidelines on the Relevance of Non-GAAP Earnings
Authors: Grégoire Davrinche , Guillaume Dumas
Published: May 2024

In this paper, we investigate the consequences of the FMA guidelines on the relevance of non-GAAP earnings (NGE). These guidelines require firms NGE to conform to a certain code of practice to improve transparency and comparability. From our sample of 441 NGEs disclosed over the period 2011-2017, we find a decrease in the relevance of NGE after the FMA guidelines were implemented. Nonetheless, we find that market participants reward NGE disclosed after 2015, when they are accompanied by “better quality” communication (i.e. compliance with the FMA guidelines). Also, we find a decrease in analysts’ forecasts dispersion after 2015, suggesting a reduction in information asymmetry following the application of FMA guidelines.
Freins et leviers de la mobilisation sociale : l’histoire de la codétermination en France et en Allemagne
Authors: Aubert Nicolas , Hollandts Xavier , Wirtz Peter
Published: May 2024

Cet article propose une étude comparative et historique des facteurs de mobilisation (Davis et Thompson, 1994) autour de la codétermination en France et en Allemagne. L’opportunité politique, les intérêts partagés des acteurs, la présence d’une infrastructure sociale, la dynamique de la mobilisation et la présence d’une institution socle ont permis à la codétermination de s’imposer en Allemagne (Gomez et Wirtz, 2018). Ces ingrédients n’étaient pas présents en France malgré une réflexion originale sur la nature de l’entreprise justifiant la codétermination. Nous contribuons ainsi à la compréhension de l’institutionnalisation d’une idéologie politique et montrons comment deux pays relativement proches politiquement peuvent emprunter des trajectoires différentes.
Obstacles and levers to social mobilization: the history of co-determination in France and Germany
Authors: Aubert Nicolas , Hollandts Xavier , Wirtz Peter
Published: May 2024

This article offers a comparative and historical study of the mobilizing factors (Davis and Thompson, 1994) influencing co-determination in France and Germany. In Germany, political opportunity, shared stakeholder interests, the presence of a social infrastructure, the dynamics of mobilization, and the presence of a supporting institution enabled co-determination to take hold (Gomez and Wirtz, 2018). These ingredients were not present in France, despite reflection on the nature of the enterprise justifying co-determination. We thus contribute to understanding the institutionalization of a political ideology and show how two countries that are relatively close politically can take different trajectories.
Gouvernance et transformation numérique
Authors: Hilary Gilles , Serret Vanessa
Published: May 2024

L'article vise à résumer les connaissances actuelles sur la gouvernance et la transformation numérique, en se concentrant sur les dimensions stratégiques et opérationnelles. Il identifie des lacunes en ce qui concerne le lien entre gouvernance, innovation et transition numérique, attribuant ces limitations au défi d'accéder aux données organisationnelles confidentielles. Il suggère d'utiliser des cas cliniques détaillés pour une recherche fructueuse, en particulier pour explorer les aspects opérationnels de la gouvernance. Soulignant la nature multidisciplinaire de cette recherche, il reconnaît les complexités liées à la réalisation d'études dans les domaines financier, opérationnel et juridique. Cependant, il considère cela comme une opportunité de contribuer de manière significative à la compréhension de la gouvernance dans le contexte de la transformation numérique.
Algumas inconveniências e outras verdades: Brasil Verdade, 1968
Authors: Sadlier Darlene J.
Published: May 2024

No caótico ano de 1968, surgiu Brasil Verdade, uma antologia de quatro curtas documentais com som direto produzidos em 1964 e 1965. O longa lançado nos cinemas anunciava o que ficou conhecido como Caravana Farkas, projeto colaborativo liderado pelo fotógrafo e empresário húngaro Thomaz Farkas. Apaixonado por seu país adotivo e pelas possibilidades do documentário, Farkas financiou um quadro de jovens, muitas vezes diretores estreantes, para fazer filmes sobre o povo e a cultura do Brasil. De 1964 a 1980, a Caravana fez trinta e oito curtas, muitos sobre o empobrecido do Nordeste. Brasil Verdade é uma compilação dos primeiros filmes em preto e branco da Caravana, com destaque para Viramundo (1964-1965), de Geraldo Sarno, Memória do cangaço (1964), de Paulo Gil Soares, Nossa escola de samba (1965), de Manuel Horácio Giménez, e Subterrâneos do futebol (1965) de Maurice Capovilla.
A Cinemateca Brasileira: uma trajetória de resistência
Authors: Ferreira Fabiana
Published: May 2024

Este artigo apresenta a trajetória da Cinemateca Brasileira a partir da evolução das legislações de políticas públicas para a cultura e das inconstâncias do governo federal e do Ministério da Cultura na construção dessas políticas. A Cinemateca Brasileira se insere no contexto do surgimento das cinematecas e é referência internacional no setor. É vinculada ao governo federal desde 1985, mas não desempenha um papel de articulação e criação de políticas de preservação audiovisual. Entende-se que a preservação audiovisual no Brasil deveria se inserir no campo do patrimônio, juntamente com instituições como o Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (Iphan) e o Instituto Brasileiro de Museus (Ibram). Com a posse do presidente Lula (2023-2026) e o ressurgimento do Ministério da Cultura, a Cinemateca Brasileira pode construir um diálogo com entidades e o setor do audiovisual para a criação de uma política pública de preservação do audiovisual.
José de Alencar e Lamartine: a solidariedade na velhice, as influências literárias e a tradução incompleta
Authors: Marques Wilton José
Published: May 2024

Na primeira parte, o artigo discute as relações entre José de Alencar e Lamartine em função da campanha do Diário do Rio de Janeiro, então dirigido pelo futuro romancista, para que os leitores brasileiros assinassem o Curso de Literatura Familiar do autor francês, que, na velhice, passava por dificuldades financeiras. Na segunda parte, apresenta tanto as influências literárias do romance Graziela, de Lamartine, no primeiro romance alencariano Cinco minutos quanto a tradução incompleta do poema “Primeira Saudade”, que fecha o romance lamartiniano.
La historia en formato audiovisual. Un recorrido por las producciones argentinas de las últimas décadas
Authors: Piccinelli Mariana , Dadamo Florencia , Della Mora Leandro
Published: May 2024

Las producciones audiovisuales son representaciones que desde el campo histórico pueden ser consideradas desde múltiples perspectivas: como fuente, como discurso y hasta como recurso pedagógico. Como sostiene Robert Rosenstone en su libro El pasado en Imágenes, vivimos en una era posliteraria en la cual la gran mayoría de las personas se acerca al pasado a través de los medios masivos de comunicación. Debido a ello, desde la disciplina histórica, es necesario no dejar de lado una herramienta tan importante como lo es el medio audiovisual. En las últimas décadas, autores y grupos académicos de Argentina han prestado atención a estos temas desde distintas áreas y puntos de vista. Este artículo presenta un estado de la cuestión de los trabajos académicos argentinos que estudian los vínculos entre el audiovisual y la historia. Aquí se atiende tanto a los grupos de trabajo conformados como a las temáticas específicas que han ido surgiendo desde el fin del siglo xx hasta la actualidad.
L’exposition Du Tiers-Monde dans L’heure des brasiers (cubaine). Internationalisme et avant-garde autour du Congrès culturel de La Havane
Authors: Mestman Mariano
Published: May 2024

Cet article étudie le film d´actualités sur le Congrès culturel de La Havane (1968), intitulé L’heure des brasiers, réalisé par Santiago Álvarez. L´article se concentre sur les appropriations et les citations de diverses expressions de la culture visuelle cubaine florissante de l’époque, en particulier les images de l’exposition Du Tiers-Monde. Il analyse ces deux interventions culturelles comme des expressions de la confluence de l’internationalisme tiers-mondiste et de l’expérimentation d’avant-garde.
Le cinéma de propagande états-unien au Brésil : du bon voisinage au laboratoire de la persuasion
Authors: Busko Valim Alexandre
Published: May 2024

No início de 1941, quando a II Guerra Mundial estava em andamento, o Brasil estava sob forte influência dos Estados Unidos, que se intensificaria nos anos seguintes. Com aplicação de recursos propagandísticos em escala inédita, os Estados Unidos empreenderam um imenso esforço no Brasil. Naquele contexto, duas grandes iniciativas se fundiram e se entrelaçaram no início da década de 1940: a integração hemisférica via Política da Boa Vizinhança e o esforço de guerra no Hemisfério Ocidental ao lado das forças aliadas, ambas capitaneadas pelos Estados Unidos. Este artigo traz algumas das atividades desenvolvidas pelo Office of Coordinator of Interamerican Affairs no Brasil no campo do cinema de propaganda. Com base em fontes primárias e uma perspectiva de História Social do Cinema, explora introdutoriamente a extensão destas atividades e avalia provisoriamente o impacto e o legado desses esforços.
Considerações sobre a cidade no cinema latino-americano moderno
Authors: Núñez Fabián
Published: May 2024

O artigo se propõe a estudar o espaço urbano no cinema latino-americano moderno, assim como as contribuições dos cineastas nos debates sobre a cidade na América Latina. Por fim, é realizada uma breve análise dos curtas-metragens Buenos Aires (Argentina, 1958), de David José Kohon, e Couro de gato (Brasil, 1962), de Joaquim Pedro de Andrade.
Notas sobre a desnaturalização da violência no cinema brasileiro
Authors: Kaminski Rosane
Published: May 2024

Este artigo apresenta uma revisão panorâmica de filmes que participaram ativamente da discussão estética, intelectual e social em torno da violência no Brasil ao longo das décadas de 1950-80. A partir dessa revisão, organiza-se uma tipologia de diferentes formas de relação entre cinema e violência. O intuito é contribuir para a compreensão do fenômeno da violência enquanto herança colonial, e destacar a versatilidade da participação do cinema brasileiro moderno no processo de sua desnaturalização.
Échos d’autres échos : le Paraguay dans El Pueblo
Authors: Scansani Andréa C.
Published: May 2024

Le cinéma paraguayen ne nous a laissé que quelques traces de sa production des années 1960-70. Néanmoins, ces données éparses nous aident à penser ces cinématographies qui, malgré leur potentiel, n’ont pu s’épanouir, car conçues alors que des dictatures violentes s’imposaient sur le continent. Nous pouvons ainsi nous demander : quelle serait l’histoire du cinéma latino-américain si nous pouvions l’écrire à partir d’idées qui n’ont jamais vu le jour ? Et si, dans cette historiographie utopique, il était possible de récupérer ces quelques films qui furent étouffés, dépecés et enterrés dans des boîtes non identifiées, éteints à tout jamais ? L’anéantissement cinématographique de plusieurs générations reflète une politique d’effacement de la mémoire collective. Face à cela, notre proposition se penche sur la petite « île entourée de terres » (le Paraguay) et El pueblo (1969) : un film qui échappe aux classifications de genre et circule librement entre les champs du documentaire, de la fiction et du cinéma dit expérimental. Il fraie son chemin entre faits et croyances, entre temporalités matérielles et atemporalités spirituelles à partir d’échos d’une histoire de résistance.
Élaborations et réceptions des politiques didactico-linguistiques européennes. Témoignages contrastés pour une histoire du temps présent
Authors: Castellotti Véronique , Debono Marc
Published: May 2024

Les politiques didactico-linguistiques impulsées par le Conseil de l’Europe, depuis les années 1960, ont eu une influence importante sur les modalités de la diffusion du français et sur les usages d’apprentissage et d’enseignement du français en tant que langue étrangère.Nous mettrons en regard des extraits de témoignages confiés par des acteurs diversement situés (contributeurs / récepteurs de ces politiques) et ayant exercé dans différents environnements, pour en proposer des interprétations : comment, notamment, des établissements d’enseignement et des enseignants de français langue étrangère ont‑ils pris en compte (ou non) les directions et cadrages recommandés ? Quel(s) accueil(s) les acteurs (enseignants, responsables de centres, etc.) ont‑ils fait à ses politiques et comment ont‑elles été alors perçues ? Et comment, rétrospectivement, ces différents acteurs réinterprètent‑ils les évolutions qui en ont découlé ?Nous questionnerons ce que nous retenons comme éléments saillants d’une histoire à construire en nous appuyant prioritairement sur le pôle « réceptif » de cette histoire. Cette contribution vise ainsi à contribuer à une réflexion plus large sur les possibles manières de faire l’histoire en/de la didactique des langues.
Enseigner une langue qui évolue : la féminisation des noms de métiers en didactique du FLE
Authors: de Beaumont Éléonore
Published: May 2024

Cette recherche s’intéresse à la prise en compte d’une évolution récente du français, la féminisation des noms de métiers, en didactique du FLE. Après un retour sur la chronologie de cette évolution et ses enjeux politiques et sociaux, l’article s’appuie sur une enquête menée en 2021 et 2022 auprès d’enseignant·e·s et d’apprenant·e·s pour analyser l’intégration des substantifs issus de la féminisation à l’enseignement du FLE. Cette enquête montre les rapports étroits et parfois conflictuels que l’évolution et la variation linguistiques entretiennent avec le poids des normes et des instances prescriptives, mais elle met aussi en lumière ce que ces évolutions apportent à l’enseignement du FLE : une invitation à s’intéresser davantage aux usages des francophones, ainsi qu’à développer un rapport critique au savoir et des pratiques langagières plus conscientes.
Les migrants haïtiens en République dominicaine : quand l’urgence linguistique se conjugue avec la « colonisation du monde vécu »
Authors: Constant Alberte Magally
Published: May 2024

Cet article examine les défis auxquels sont confrontés les migrants haïtiens en République dominicaine en ce qui concerne l’urgence linguistique et l’intégration sociale. Il décrit comment l’histoire conflictuelle entre Haïti et la République dominicaine, qui partagent la même ile, continue d’influencer la communication entre leurs citoyens, entrainant une distorsion systémique des relations intersubjectives. L’article expose les prédiscours sur lesquels repose l’idéologie anti‑haïtienne (Sagas, 1994) qui nourrit l’imaginaire dominicain, un imaginaire où la culture hispanique est valorisée au détriment de l’identité afro‑haïtienne. Utilisant une approche qualitative et s’appuyant sur la théorie critique (Habermas, 1981 ; Honneth, 1992 ; Fraser, 2004), il aborde les problèmes de reconnaissance intersubjective observés sur le terrain et la politique d’intégration des migrants haïtiens par la République dominicaine. Les analyses révèlent la vulnérabilité institutionnelle des migrants haïtiens face à la biopolitique de la législation officielle (Martínez & Wooding, 2017), qui, en utilisant les outils numériques pour renforcer le contrôle, prive non seulement les descendants d’Haïtiens de leur nationalité mais les confine également à une stagnation sociale, les maintenant à un niveau inférieur à celui de la classe moyenne dominicaine. Pendant ce temps, le droit coutumier continue de coloniser le « monde vécu » des Haïtiens. Cet article adopte une perspective pragmatique et propose des pistes d’action pour élaborer une didactique de la reconnaissance en rapport avec les débats actuels dans le domaine. Il présente une analyse partielle qui sera approfondie à la suite d’entretiens avec des citoyens dominicains.
Une conception de l’EIAH dans l’enseignement du chinois langue étrangère : une étude de cas
Authors: Chen Rao Ya
Published: May 2024

La crise sanitaire et d’autres perturbations de 2020 ont bouleversé l’enseignement à l’échelle mondiale, forçant les établissements éducatifs, les enseignants et les apprenants à adopter rapidement les outils numériques dans le processus d’apprentissage. Face à ces défis, la création d’Environnements informatiques d’apprentissage humain (EIAH) est devenue cruciale. Notre recherche se concentre sur la conception et l’évaluation d’un EIAH basé sur la plateforme Moodle pour l’apprentissage des langues et des cultures. Notre étude souligne l’importance de tenir compte des différentes propriétés et dimensions des EIAH pour offrir une expérience d’apprentissage de qualité, répondant aux exigences de l’éducation contemporaine. L’analyse de notre questionnaire révèle que notre EIAH a démontré des points forts, notamment dans la dimension technologique, tandis que des domaines d’amélioration, particulièrement en ce qui concerne l’accompagnement de l’autonomie des apprenants, ont été identifiés. Nous prévoyons de recueillir des commentaires qualitatifs des apprenants pour orienter l’amélioration continue de notre EIAH et ainsi mieux répondre aux besoins de l’éducation moderne.
Le volet « Langue et intégration » du programme Horizon académique à l’aune de la « didactique de l’urgence »
Authors: Racine Isabelle , Fonseca Favre Mariana , Moulin Damien , Decap Julie
Published: May 2024

La notion d’urgence est centrale dans le domaine de la formation en langue des personnes issues de la migration forcée. Elle conduit à opérer certains choix, liés notamment à la spécificité du public cible, en termes de besoins linguistiques. Dans cet article, nous interrogeons certains de ces choix, à partir du volet « Langue et intégration » du programme Horizon académique, mis en place à l’Université de Genève en 2016. Si, dans ce type de projet, les enjeux institutionnels font l’objet d’une certaine attention, ceux se rapportant aux acteurs eux‑mêmes (apprenants et enseignants) sont, à notre connaissance, moins thématisés. Par le biais de réponses à un questionnaire et d’entretiens semi‑directifs, nous avons voulu faire entendre leur voix. La réflexion proposée devrait ainsi contribuer à mieux cerner les notions de « didactique de la catastrophe » et de « didactique de l’urgence », ainsi qu’à en déterminer quelques éléments constitutifs.
Pour une évaluation plus géographique de l'impact environnemental des plans d'eau, le cas de la température de l'eau du Grand Étang de Cieux (Haute-Vienne)
Authors: Touchart Laurent , Bartout Pascal
Published: May 2024

L'objectif de cet article est d'estimer l'impact thermique d'un étang limousin de grande taille (40 ha) à déversoir de surface, barrant une zone de confluence entre quatre cours d'eau. La recherche est fondée sur 536 552 mesures de température de l'eau, en amont, en aval et à l'intérieur du plan d'eau. Par rapport au mode de calcul le plus fréquent, qui consiste à mesurer l'écart entre l'entrée du tributaire et la sortie de l'émissaire, deux nouvelles méthodes sont essayées. La première revient à coefficienter la température de chacun des quatre affluents, pour construire une température d'entrée globale prenant en considération le poids respectif de chaque cours d'eau. La seconde tient compte de la distance existant entre les entrées et la sortie. Après reconstitution des linéaires ennoyés, elle applique un gradient thermique d'amont en aval et la loi des mélanges à chaque confluent. Selon la méthode de pondération des entrées, le Grand Étang de Cieux réchauffe le cours d'eau de 1,8°C à l'échelle annuelle et de plus de 4°C de juin à septembre. Il imprime aussi sa signature en modifiant le régime thermique du cours d'eau, par la réduction de son amplitude diurne. Selon la méthode du gradient thermique, les forts réchauffements des mois d'été seraient en fait dus pour un tiers à l'évolution naturelle des cours d'eau d'amont en aval et pour deux tiers à l'étang. Lors de certains types de temps, en particulier les brassages forcés par le vent, la responsabilité de l'étang serait même nettement moindre.
Phenotypic detection of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales in clinical isolates at a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Sinha Astha , Gour Mamta , Seth Riti Jain
Published: May 2024

Background:

In the past decade, there has been a global emergence of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli, especially Enterobacterales. Carbapenem resistance is attributed to the ability of the bacteria to produce carbapenemases. The aim of the study is to detect carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) in different clinical isolates and study carbapenemase production by phenotypic methods in CRE.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 379 Enterobacterales were isolated from different clinical samples from patients attending outpatient departments and admitted in wards and intensive care units (ICUs). They were tested for carbapenem resistance by Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method and then tested for carbapenemase production by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)–disk synergy test and Modified Carbapenem Inactivation Method (mCIM).

Results:

This study was conducted from February 2021 to August 2022. Out of 379 Enterobacterales, 70 (18.47%) were CRE, out of which maximum carbapenem resistance of 23.53% was shown by Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. The maximum carbapenem resistance was seen in the age group of 16–45 years and the most number of CRE isolates were from ICUs. Phenotypic test results indicated that 54.28% (38/70) of isolates were positive for carbapenemase production by either of the phenotypic methods.

Conclusion:

About one-fifth of the Enterobacterales isolates were carbapenem resistant. This study highlights the use of phenotypic methods to detect carbapenemase production in CRE, which is responsible for multidrug resistance. This information is relevant for surveillance, to implement infection prevention and control practices and antibiotic policies.
Catheter-associated urinary tract infection and biofilms: Dreaded duo in health settings
Authors: Murugesan Ragani Chellaiyah , Subbiah Gowri , Lansingh Gracia Paul , Santhanakumarasamy Poongodi
Published: May 2024

Background:

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) alone account for 30% of hospital infections, 80% of these are catheter-associated UTIs (CAUTI). Microbial film in indwelling medical devices worsens the existing medical condition and leads to multidrug resistance (MDR) and prolonged hospital stay. This cross-sectional study was done to find out the organisms causing CAUTI, their sensitivity pattern, the proportion of biofilm formation, and the sensitivity, specificity of different procedures in the demonstration of biofilm.

Materials and Methods:

Urine sample was collected from 307 patients with indwelling catheters. Direct Gram stain was performed from well-mixed uncentrifuged urine. Specimens were processed, organisms were isolated by standard microbiological procedures, and antimicrobial sensitivity testing was performed. Various methods such as Congo red agar, tube adherence, and microtiter plate methods were used to identify biofilm formation for all the isolates.

Results:

Out of 307 catheterized urine samples, a direct Gram stain was positive in 137 (44.62%) samples and culture positive in 148 (48.2%) samples. Out of 134 bacterial isolates, biofilm was observed by Congo red agar in 36 (27%), tube adherence in 59 (44%), and microtiter plate in 80 (60%) isolates. Escherichia coli (50.74%) was the predominant isolate followed by Klebsiella spp (26.11%). MDR was observed in 53 (66%) biofilm-forming isolates.

Conclusions:

Catheterized patients are prone to develop a microbial biofilm that is multidrug resistant and burdensome. Of the 80 biofilm-producing isolates, MDR was observed in 53 (66%). The effective ways to prevent CAUTI are strict adherence to indications for catheterization and, a bundle care approach with a preinsertion checklist.
Intraoperative low-dose ketamine infusion for postoperative pain relief in laparoscopic surgeries – A randomised, double blind controlled clinical trial
Authors: Sudersan Sujil , Thangavelu Ramyavel , Segaran Sivakumar
Published: May 2024

Background:

Patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery often experience moderate-to-severe postoperative pain. The use of opioids for postoperative pain relief often results in respiratory depression and other adverse effects. Hence, we studied the effect of ketamine infusion administered at a low dose intraoperatively on postoperative pain relief.

Materials and Methods:

Fifty-two patients belonging to American Society of Anesthesia (ASA) I/ASA II, scheduled for laparoscopic surgery were randomized into two groups (n = 26). Group A received 0.2 mg/kg bolus of ketamine before the skin incision followed by an infusion of 0.1 mg/kg/h throughout the period of surgery. Group B received an equal volume of saline bolus and infusion. Postoperative pain was assessed (Numerical Rating Scale [NRS] scale) every 30 min till 6 h. The time taken for first rescue analgesia, the total amount of opioid used, and degree of sedation postoperatively were also compared. Pain scores between the groups were compared using the Chi-square test.

Results:

Pain scores (NRS scores) over various time intervals postoperatively were significantly reduced in the ketamine group (P < 0.001). The overall cumulative opioid consumption was significantly lower in the ketamine group compared to the placebo (69.29 ± 23.35 mg vs. 107.88 ± 35.21 mg, respectively, P = 0.008). There was also a significant difference in time to first rescue analgesia between the ketamine and placebo groups (2.60 ± 1.87 h vs. 0.43 ± 0.85 h, respectively, P = 0.001).

Conclusion:

Intraoperative low-dose ketamine infusion as an adjuvant significantly decreased postoperative pain with a reduced total dose of opioid consumption and a delayed time to first rescue analgesic.
Advances in neuropathic pain management: A review of real-world studies
Authors: Dash Swati S. , Khatri Nikhil K. , Divyateja Saraswathi , Bhate Jignesh , Rao Guruprasad K. S.
Published: May 2024

Neuropathic pain (NP) is defined as a process occurring after a primary lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system. The diagnosis of NP is a comprehensive process. The assessment begins with the medical history of the patient, conducting neurological assessments, and using pain scales to quantify pain intensity and measure sensory thresholds. NP treatment involves a diversity of pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions, based on patient-specific characteristics, causal factors, medical history, and intensity of pain. Sociodemographic characteristics, psychological factors, and medical conditions are the potential predictors of the treatment response for an outcome. NP severely affects the quality of life of the patient. This review has reviewed the diagnostic approaches and management of NP through real-world evidence on the effectiveness of different lines of treatment.
Reasons for school dropouts in suburban areas near Villupuram district: A retrospective study
Authors: Arthi D. , Rajalakshmi M. , Ganapathy Kalaiselvan
Published: May 2024

Background:

When a student leaves school or a college before completing their academic program, they are referred to as dropouts. A school dropout is anyone who does not receive their high school diploma. It is a serious issue that impacts students all over and can have negative outcomes in their lives. In general, those who struggle to engage behaviorally and/or academically drop out of school. Hence, we have chosen this study to find various reasons behind student dropouts in sub-urban areas of schools covered under Koliyanur block, Villupuram district. The objectives of this study were to determine the proportion and reasons for dropouts among school students in Koliyanur block, Villupuram district.

Materials and Methods:

It was a record-based retrospective study done among school students (1st–12th standard) who dropped out of school in July 2022. The secondary data on school dropouts (government and private) in the Koliyanur block of Villupuram district were obtained from the Chief Educational Officer of Villupuram. Out of 148 government and private schools, 36 schools had dropouts which were included in the study.

Results:

The prevalence of school dropouts among 36 schools was found to be 64 students. Migration, lack of interest, poverty, and lack of awareness remained the most common causes of dropouts in government schools, and fees not paid being the reason in private schools.

Conclusion:

Evidence generated from this study can aid education planners in the early identification of various reasons for school dropouts and take appropriate measures for their reduction.
Dual bombard by Cytomegalovirus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a renal transplantee
Authors: Balachander Cinthujah , Ananthapadmanabasamy Indira , Viswanathan Ramasubramanian , Santhanakumarasamy Poongodi
Published: May 2024

In the first year following an organ transplant, more than 80% of patients encounter a minimum of one occurrence of infection. Here, we report a case of coinfection of the Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in a kidney transplantee. Computed tomography chest (CT chest) showed bilateral ground-glass opacities. By Cytomegalovirus DNA polymerase chain reaction, 9360 copies were detected in plasma. Cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test from bronchial washings tested positive for MTB with very low-level resistance to rifampicin. He was started on category-I antitubercular therapy without rifampicin and intravenous valganciclovir. The clinical status of the patient improved after 1 month of treatment.
Awareness and healthcare-seeking behavior regarding acute respiratory infections among mothers of under-five children in rural Tamil Nadu: A hospital-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Koranath Rasha Aslam , Nair Abhilasha
Published: May 2024

Background:

Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and eventually mortality in under-five children across the globe. Awareness regarding ARI among mothers of these children is very essential to detect danger signs early, prevent the delay in health-seeking and thereby limiting its progression to severe illness. The present study was undertaken to assess the awareness of mothers regarding ARI in their under-five children and their healthcare-seeking behavior for the same.

Materials and Methods:

The present cross-sectional study was carried out among 200 mothers of under-five children attending the outpatient department of a rural health center in Tamil Nadu. A predesigned questionnaire was used to assess their sociodemographic characteristics, awareness about ARIs, and healthcare-seeking behavior regarding ARIs in under-five children. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied for data analysis.

Results:

The mean awareness score (±standard deviation) of mothers regarding ARI in their under-five children was 8.34 ± 1.49, and overall, 94.50% of mothers had fair awareness regarding ARI. The association between occupation and awareness level of mothers regarding ARI was found to be statistically significant, while that of other variables was not statistically significant. Most of the mothers (88.0%) preferred to consult a qualified allopathic doctor for their child’s ARI. Those who do not seek health-care services for their child’s illness believe that the disease is self-limiting, while others try traditional medicines at home before seeking health-care services.

Conclusion:

Majority of mothers had fair awareness regarding childhood ARI in this study. It is necessary to put more effort into educating these mothers about the importance of early detection and seeking appropriate health care for ARI in their children.
Self-Development in Islam: Ways and Methods
Authors: Hoque Mohammad Enamul
Published: May 2024

The development concept is a broad and widely understood term and philosophy. Its active presence is ever-present in the multidimensional process of life cycle. The continuous process of development leads to the pinnacle of development. The development of the material side of man is visible and recognized, likewise, the development of its immaterial aspect (souls) is essential. A person is composed of body and soul. Balanced development of both sides of the human being gives recognition to a complete and fulfilled human being. The soul is the main director of the body. The effectiveness and success of his material development depends to a large extent on the development of the soul. The best of creation is seated in the best seat of mankind through the proper development of the soul. Philosophy and principles that play an important role in the development of the soul, it will undoubtedly be identified as a role model for building a developed and ideal human society for generations to come.
In vitro therapy investigation for breast cancer by B13-chloroquine application
Authors: Çömlekçi Emre , Vejselova Sezer Canan , Kutlu Hatice Mehtap , Yaylacı Ömer Koray , Kus Gokhan
Published: May 2024

Cancer disease still remains to be strong treat for public health. New treatment approaches and agents with low side effects are needed for the treatment of breast cancer. Based on these, herein was aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity of a combination comprising a ceramidase inhibitor (B13) and an autophagy inhibitor (chloroquine) on human breast cancer cell line. The antiproliferative activity was tested by Sulforhodamine B and ATP viability assays. For ultrastructural and morphological changes and apoptotic signs of MCF-7 cells were used TEM and confocal microscopy techniques. Results showed the high cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities of the combination along with the ultrastructural and morphological changes indicating apoptosis. B13+Chloroquine combinations found to be effective on inducing cell death on MCF-7 cells and antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects on cells. Consequently, the new combination is suggested as good candidate for further investigations to be an anti-cancer agent.
The effect of different drying temperatures on the essential oil content and chemical composition of Lavandula angustifolia Mill.
Authors: Türkmen Musa , Eren Yılmaz , Maral Hasan , Kaya Alpaslan
Published: May 2024

Drying temperatures affect the content and composition of essential oils in plants containing essential oils due to the organs where essential oils are synthesized and stored. For this reason, many studies have been carried out to determine the appropriate drying temperature to obtain the highest amount and the best quality essential oil. In present study, it is aimed to determine the effects of different drying temperatures on essential oil content and components in lavender (Lavandula angustufolia Mill.). The samples dried at four different temperatures (35°C, 45°C, 55°C and 65°C) were isolated for 3 hours using Clevenger type apparatus and the obtained oils were analyzed by GC-MS. The essential oil contents obtained at 25°C, 35°C, 45°C, 55°C, and 65°C were 1.17%, 0.96%, 0.94%, 0.65%, and 0.18% respectively. It was determined that the major components of essential oils obtained at different drying temperatures were 1.8-cineole (17.88-50.15%), camphor (32.60-48.86) and borneol (3.46-9.45%). The highest 1,8-cineole ratio was found in samples dried at 55°C (50.15%) but the lowest in samples dried at 65°C (17.88%). The highest and lowest camphor ratios were determined in samples dried at 65°C (48.86%) and samples dried at 55°C (32.60%) recpectively. The highest (9.45%) borneol ratio was obtained in samples dried at 65°C, while the lowest (3.46%) ratio was obtained in samples dried at 55°C. The results obtained in the present study showed that Lavender essential oil content and composition were affected by drying temperatures and the optimum drying temperature was 35 oC.
Fish fauna of lake Küçük Akgöl (Sakarya, Turkey)
Authors: Helli Selma , Bilgin Ayşenur
Published: May 2024

This research was conducted to determine the ichthyofauna of lake Küçük Akgöl between March 2017 and March 2018. Sampling was conducted monthly and randomly using nets with different mesh sizes, fishing rods and fish scoops during field studies, resulting in a total of 99 fish samples collected. Through external morphology examinations based on traditional methods, it was determined that 9 fish species Alburnus alburnus, Blicca bjoerkna, Carassius gibelio, Rutilus rutilus, Scardinius erythrophthalmus, Esox lucius, Gambusia sp., Perca fluviatilis, Lepomis gibbosus) belonging to 5 families (Cyprinidae, Esocidae, Poecilidae, Percidae, Centrarchidae) inhabit lake Küçük Akgöl.
First Photographic Evidence of Flos asoka (de Nicéville, [1884]) (Lycaenidae: Theclinae: Arhopalini) in Uttar Pradesh, India: Recent Confirmation and Ecological Insights
Authors: Khan Abu Arshad , De Rupak , Pandey Ratindra , Sheikh Taslima
Published: May 2024

This study presents the first photographic evidence of Flos asoka (de Nicéville, [1884]) in Uttar Pradesh, India, marking a recent confirmation of its presence in the region. Through a detailed analysis of the newly captured photograph, the taxonomic identity of Flos asoka is verified, establishing its presence in Uttar Pradesh. Despite the absence of photographic evidence in previous literature and articles, this recent photograph serves as conclusive proof of the species' occurrence in Uttar Pradesh. Additionally, ecological insights derived from the study provide a deeper understanding of the ecology and natural environment of Flos asoka in the region. This finding represents a significant contribution to the knowledge of the distribution and ecology of Flos asoka and highlights the importance of photographic documentation in species presence and distribution research.
Determination of Insurance Premium Rates with Aggregation Claims at BPJS with Exponential and Gamma Distributions
Authors: Zakirah Khalilah Razanah , Banowati Puspa Dwi Ayu
Published: May 2024

Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS) is a legal entity that has been provided by the government for the community with the aim of providing protection for all workers in Indonesia from certain socio-economic risks. National development, marked by planned and continuous strides, embodies a commitment to engage all societal, national, and state levels in fostering progress. Encompassing political, economic, socio-cultural, and defense and security realms, the development is meticulously designed to be comprehensive, targeted, integrated, gradual, and sustainable. The overarching objective is to catalyze an augmentation of national capabilities, align the standard of living for the Indonesian people with developed nations, and elevate overall welfare. To establish premium rates, a method involves multiplying the conditional expected value of claim frequency by the size of the claim, considering observed risk characteristics. A claim, in this context, constitutes a formal request to the insurance company, seeking payment in accordance with the terms of the agreement. The primary objective of this study is to establish the insurance premium rates applicable to policyholders (the insured) through the estimation of parameters in the distribution governing aggregate claims. This involves the distribution of both the number of claims and the size of the claims, and the estimation is performed using the moment method. Premium computations are executed based on two key principles: the pure premium principle and the expected value principle. This research produces the conclusion that the Poisson-Gamma aggregate claims distribution has a premium amount of 3.61 times greater than Poisson-Exponential due to the application of the anticipated value principle, namely IDR 4,403,542.94 per month and IDR 1,219,878.45 per month, respectively.
Analysis and Visualization of Advertising Sales Data Using Python Software Through an Internship Program
Authors: Ardiansyah Muhammad Naufal , Kalfin
Published: May 2024

This research discusses the use of data visualization as a tool for analyzing and presenting information effectively. The main goal of this research is visualization that allows better understanding of complex data. In this context, research explores various data visualization techniques, including the use of bar charts, correlation heatmaps, and interactive technology to present information intuitively. In improving decision-making abilities, identifying patterns or trends, and exploring relationships and insights contained in large and heterogeneous datasets. The research methodology includes comparative analysis of various visualization methods, user experiments, and the application of new techniques to evaluate the effectiveness and usefulness of data visualization in advertising video sales data at PT XXX. Based on the research results, it was found that data visualization involves presenting data information in graphic or image form to facilitate understanding. This helps in explaining the facts and determining the steps that need to be taken. The research results are expected to provide in-depth insight into the development of data visualization techniques. The results of this data visualization can be widely applied in various fields, especially creative, marketing and sales management.
Comparison of Weights in Weighted Least Square Method For Handling Heteroscedasticity on Multiple Regression Model
Authors: Virgantari Fitria , Widyastiti Maya , Ir Seno Natalia
Published: May 2024

Regression analysis is the most popular and commonly used to determine causality between two or more variables. In regression analysis there are several assumptions that must be held, so that the property of the best linear unbiased estimator (BLUE) is still guaranteed. In fact, we often found violations of the assumptions.  One of them was violations of the homoscedasticity or occurs heteroscedasticity. The impact of heteroscedasticity in the regression model is that the ordinary least square (OLS) estimator no longer has a minimum variance although still linear and unbiased. To handle this, weighted least square (WLS) regression is used instead, which giving weights on the observations. But the problem often encountered is choosing which the best weight in WLS method. This paper aimed to compare and determine the best weight among 1/X, 1/ , 1/Y and 1/s in multiple regression model. Human development index factors data, which were obtained from the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics, were used. The results showed that the best weight on human development index data was 1/s.  The coefficient of determination was 98.7% indicating that the model was very good.