bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Salivary Microbiome in Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Altered Composition and Association with Prostate-Specific Antigen
Authors: Zhang Bin , Lin Hao , Xu Zhenyi , Tang Yifan , Sun Yifan , Xia Qiang , Wang Shiyu , Jiang Peng , Gu Chaoqun , Wei Shichao , Zhao Yu , Li Zhi , Guo Wei , Gu Yifeng , Gao Fengbao , Liu Fengping , Feng Ninghan , Chen Wei Guo , Hu Lei
Published: July 2023

Backgrounds
Microbial dysbiosis in the gut and urine has been implicated in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) based on previous studies. Additionally, emerging evidence has shown that salivary dysbiosis is associated with various diseases and oral health conditions. Building upon these findings, we aimed to investigate whether BPH patients exhibit a distinct salivary microbiome.
Methods and Materials
We recruited a cohort of BPH patients (n=50) and age-BMI matched healthy controls (HC; n=50). Salivary samples were collected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels were examined.
Results
Comparison of the salivary microbial communities between BPH patients and HC revealed significant differences, characterized by increased bacterial richness and diversity (FDR<0.05) in the BPH group. Further analysis identified the enrichment of 13 bacterial genera, including Clostridia-UCG-014, Oribacterium, and Filifactor, in BPH patients. Conversely, BPH patients exhibited a depletion of 4 bacterial genera, such as Actinomyces, Lachnoanaerobaculum, and Rothia(FDR<0.05). Several bacterial genera demonstrated potential as biomarkers for identifying BPH. Notably, we observed a negative correlation between the abundance of Oribacterium in BPH patients and the ratio of free PSA to total PSA (FPSA/TPSA) (r=-0.337, P=0.029).
Conclusions
Our findings indicate that the salivary microbiomes of BPH patients are dysbiotic. Moreover, we observed a significant association between this dysbiosis and dysregulation of PSA levels in BPH patients, suggesting the existence of a possible saliva-prostate axis. Modulating the salivary microbiome could potentially serve as an intervention strategy for BPH patients.
On the Accuracy and Application of UAV-Based Coastal Monitoring
Authors: Yuan Rui , Zhang Hezhenjia , Qiu Cheng , Xu Ruiyang
Published: July 2023

With the development of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, its application in scientific fields, such as coastal monitoring, has become increasingly prevalent. The utilization of multi-sensor UAV platforms has made unmanned and highly repetitive monitoring feasible. This study employs three commercially available UAV systems with representative characteristics to generate Digital Surface Models (DSM) in the Lingang Tidal Flat (Shanghai), and evaluate the DSMs produced by each UAV comparing with the in-situ measurements. According to the results, the beach DSM produced by the non-RTK UAV using the Structure From Motion (SFM) algorithm is likely to be unusable. In contrast, the RTK-equipped UAV achieved an elevation accuracy of 0.3–0.54 m. The addition of a laser radar (Lidar) module further improved the accuracy to 0.1 m, significantly enhancing its reliability for comparison. We also explored a method for reconstructing the beach DEM by detecting waterlines from UAV imagery. Furthermore, during the discussion, the accurate DSM was utilized to explore the potential application of UAV technology in coastal management visualization. By adopting the digital twin framework, it would be possible and efficient to create a realistic representation of the coast, integrating actual ocean data such as tidal levels. This approach could enable the identification of coastal risks with relative ease.
An end-to-end based on Semantic region guidance for infrared and visible image fusion
Authors: Han Guijin , Zhang Xinyuan , Huang Ya
Published: July 2023

The goal of infrared and visible image fusion is to fuse the dominant regions in the images of the two modalities to generate high-quality fused image. However, existing methods still suffer from some shortcomings, such as lack of effective supervision information, slow computation due to complex fusion rules, and difficult convergence of GAN-based models. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end fusion method based on semantic region guidance (SRGFusion). Our model contains three basic parts: preprocessing module, image generation module, and information content discrimination module. Firstly, we input the infrared and visible images into the preprocessing module to achieve the preliminary fusion of the images. Subsequently, the features are fed into the image generation module for high-quality fused image generation. Finally, the training of the model was supervised by the information quantity discrimination module (IAQM). In particular, we improve the image generation module based on the diffusion model, which effectively avoids the design of complex fusion rules and makes it more suitable for image fusion tasks. We conduct objective and subjective experiments on four public datasets. Compared with existing methods, the fusion results of the proposed method have better objective metrics, contain more detailed information, and are more suitable for subsequent vision tasks.
Developing and evaluating an evidence-based practice research competency enhancement program for clinical nurses in Korea: A pilot study
Authors: Kim Suhyun , Jeong Hye Won
Published: July 2023

Background
Evidence-based practice (EBP) is essential to the delivery of safe and high-quality care. In order to apply and spread EBP to the clinical setting, it is necessary to strengthen clinical nurses’ research performance with the help of EBP mentors. The aim of this study was to pilot test the research competency enhancement program (RCEP) designed by the research team to promote EBP among experienced nurses.
Methods
This single-group study with a pretest-posttest design and a mixed-methods approach was conducted at a tertiary university hospital in Korea. The RCEP was developed, and 11 experienced clinical nurses participated in an 8-week intervention. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected to explore the intervention’s feasibility and acceptability, as well as nurses’ perceptions of its applicability to practice. Nurses also completed standardized outcome measures before and after the intervention to evaluate its preliminary effectiveness: namely, the Evidence-Based Practice Beliefs scale (EBPB), the Evidence-Based Practice Attitude scale (EBPA), and the Research Practice Ability (RPA) tool.
Results
The participants’ research competency, as measured by the EBPB and RPA scores, significantly improved after their participation in the RCEP program. They saw the program as inspiring, motivating, and challenging, and they said it fostered research projects. Facilitating factors of the program included mentor support, colleague interest, the availability of new learning tools, and the assistance of clinical nurse educators. Barriers consisted of Internet connectivity issues, limited database access, laptop specifications, and conflicting schedules. Suggestions for improvement covered session timing, preference for in-person lectures and small teams, the desire for innovative research methods, and the need for collaboration with nursing college professors and hospitals.
Conclusion
In this program, EBP mentors were used to improve clinical nurses’ EBP beliefs and research competency. The study suggests modifications for future RCEP operations, including appropriate session timing, face-to-face lectures, and small-group learning. Overall, the RCEP demonstrated its potential to enhance research competency and inspire clinical nurses to engage in evidence-based practice.
Study on thermal damage mechanism and energy evolution characteristics of granite after high temperature based on discrete element method
Authors: Zhao Kui , Li Congming , Zeng Peng , Xiong Liangfeng , Gong Cong , Huang Zhen
Published: July 2023

In order to explore the thermal cracking behavior and energy conversion mechanism of granite at different temperatures from a mesoscopic perspective. Based on the laboratory experimental, PFC2D was used to construct different particle cluster model for research. The mechanical properties of granite under uniaxial compression under laboratory experimental and numerical simulation were compared and analyzed. The evolution laws of microcracks and particle displacement during high temperature treatment were explored. The relationship between energy conversion mechanism and crack evolution of granite after exposure to different temperatures was emphatically analyzed. The results show that: the stress-strain curve of laboratory experimental and the stress-strain curve under numerical simulation have similar evolution laws, the relative error between the numerical simulation results of peak strength and laboratory experimental is less than 5%, and the relative error of elastic modulus is less than 10%. The higher the temperature, the more thermal induced cracks are produced and the larger the particle displacement is. The cracks and particle displacement during heating are larger than those during cooling. Thermal induced cracks are mainly intra-granular tension, and when T ≥ 600 ℃, the shear cracks appear. The storage of elastic energy and the slow dissipation of energy are the main factors before the granite peak, and the dissipation energy increases abruptly after the peak, and the elastic strain energy is released rapidly. The higher the temperature, the more the number of microcracks before the peak of granite, and the greater the damage degree before the peak. Therefore, the weaker the energy storage property, the stronger the energy release property, and the easier the energy driven destruction.
Co-melting of heavy metal-containing sludge and silica slag: a case study from lab to pilot
Authors: Jin Junxun , He Jia , Wei Xinqi , Shen Yi , Du Jing , Wang Yuting , Gao Yong
Published: July 2023

A case study from the lab to pilot was carried out for the disposal of heavy metal-containing sludge (HM-S), a typical kind of hazardous waste, by co-melting with silica slag (SS). The immobilization of heavy metals (HMs) in the water quenched products was the most favorable when the mass ratio of HM-S, SS, and caustic soda was 25:75:5 at 1300°C for 30–60 min. The main compositions in the water-quenched products were completely amorphous in a homogeneous structure. A compact glassy structure (Si–O) formed in the water-quenched products with HMs immobilized in the silicate network matrix. The results verified the stability of the melting products and their potential for use as valuable materials. This study can provide a feasible, inexpensive, and safe method for the entire use of industrial stream applications for hazardous solid wastes.
Splenic Flexure Cancer- is right extended hemicolectomy better than left hemicolectomy?
Authors: Ballal Devesh S , Agrawal Harsh Mohan , Kazi Mufaddal , Desouza Ashwin , Saklani Avanish P.
Published: July 2023

Introduction
There is no consensus on the optimal surgery for splenic flexure cancers.
Methods
Review of a prospectively maintained database of patients with splenic flexure cancer undergoing either a right extended hemicolectomy or left hemicolectomy at a tertiary care cancer hospital from 14.5.2010 to 16.9.2021. The primary outcome measures were postoperative morbidity and hospital stay with secondary outcomes being overall survival, disease free survival and long-term patient reported functional and quality of life outcomes.
Results
The demographic variables were evenly distributed between groups and median follow up was 44 months. The groups were comparable in terms of postoperative morbidity (Clavien-Dindo complication ³3a 10.6% Vs 10%, p=0.322) and hospital stay (8 days Vs 7 days, p=0.316). Oncological outcomes were similar in both groups (3-year DFS 71.8% Vs 67.8% p = 0.877 and 3-year OS 83.9% Vs 75.8%, p=0.787) and long-term patient reported functional outcomes were excellent in both groups.
Conclusion
Oncological outcomes, post operative morbidity and long-term patient reported functional outcomes are comparable in patients undergoing either a right extended or left hemicolectomy for splenic flexure cancer.
The Wellbeing Thermometer in cancer patients: a validation study
Authors: Adamou Marios , Uche-Ikonne Okezie , Kamposioras Konstantinos
Published: July 2023

Purpose
We aimed to validate the Wellbeing Thermometer (WbT) in a sample of colorectal cancer patients in England.
Methods
A survey, including GAD-7, PHQ-9, WHO-5, and WbT, was administered to adult patients with colorectal cancer reviewed in clinic between 7-28 April 2021 (Cohort 1 Timepoint 1; n=127) and December 2021-February 2022 (Cohort 2 Timepoint 1; n=57). The survey was readministered to the first cohort six months after completion of the initial survey (Cohort 1 Timepoint 2; n=54). Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used to compare WbT scores to those from other validated tools. A multivariable logistic model explored associations between WbT domains and other validated tools.
Results
The WbT showed moderate to strong correlation with all other validated tools (r range: GAD-7 -0.49 to -0.77; PHQ-9 -0.69 to -0.83; WHO-5 0.66 to 0.85). For Cohort 1 Timepoint 1, the WbT thoughts domain was associated with GAD-7 (p=0.004) and WHO-5 (p=0.002), and the health domain was associated with PHQ-9 (p=0.014). For Cohort 2 Timepoint 1, the WbT thoughts domain was associated with GAD-7 (p=0.02), health domain was associated with WHO-5 (p=0.02), and emotions domain was associated with WHO-5 (p=0.02).
Conclusions
The WbT is a valid tool for assessing wellbeing in patients with colorectal cancer.
Implications for cancer survivors
The WbT may be a useful addition to both clinical practice and future research and may help shed light on a new area with regards to cancer patients, specifically how they feel and function. This will ultimately increase wellbeing and reduce suffering.
Equity trends for the UHC service coverage sub-index for reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health in Pakistan: Evidence from demographic health surveys
Authors: Zaka Nabila , Umar Maida , Ahmad Ahsan Maqbool , Ahmad Ikhlaq , Reza Tahira Ezra , Sarfraz Mariyam , Emmanuel Faran
Published: July 2023

Background
Pakistan, the world's sixth most populous country and the second largest in South Asia, is facing challenges related to reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health (RMNCH) that are exacerbated by various inequities. RMNCH coverage indicators such as antenatal care (ANC) and deliveries at health facilities have been improving over time, and the maternal mortality ratio (MMR) is gradually declining but not at the desired rates. Analysing and documenting inequities with reference to key characteristics are useful to unmask the disparities and to amicably implement targeted equity-oriented interventions.
Methods
Pakistan Demographic Health Survey (PDHS) based UHC service coverage tracer indicators were derived for the RMNCH domain at the national and subnational levels for the two rounds of the PDHS in 2012 and 2017. These derivations were subgrouped into wealth quintiles, place of residence, education and mothers’ age. Dumbbell charts were created to show the trends and quintile-specific coverage. The UHC service coverage sub-index for RMNCH was constructed to measure the absolute and relative parity indices, such as high to low absolute difference and high to low ratios, to quantify health inequities. The population attributable risk was computed to determine the overall population health improvement that is possible if all regions have the same level of health services as the reference point (national level) across the equity domains.
Results
The results indicate an overall improvement in coverage across all indicators over time, but with a higher concentration of data points towards higher coverage among the wealthiest groups, although the poorest quintile continues to have low coverage in all regions. The UHC service coverage sub-index on RMNCH shows that Pakistan has improved from 45 to 63 overall, while Punjab improved from 50 to 59 and Sindh from 43 to 55. The highest improvement is evident in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province, which has increased from 31 in 2012 to 51 in 2017. All regions made slow progress in narrowing the gap between the poorest and wealthiest groups, with particularly noteworthy improvements in KP and Sindh, as indicated by the parity ratio. The RMNCH service coverage sub-index gap was the greatest among women aged 15–19 years, those who belonged to the poorest wealth quintile, had no education, and resided in rural areas.
Conclusions
Analysing existing data sources from an equity lens supports evidence-based policies, programs and practices with a focus on disadvantaged subgroups.
Evaluation of Survival Outcome and Prognostic Factors for Oral Cavity Cancer Treated with Volumetric Arc Therapy
Authors: Mishra Himanshu , Singh Shreya , Mishra Ritusha , Pandey Ankita , Mandal Abhijit , Prakash Ekta , Patel Ganeshkumar , Shah Manav , Singh Tej Bali
Published: July 2023

Purpose
This study aimed to evaluate the survival outcomes and identify prognostic factors for patients with oral cavity cancer (OCC) who underwent adjuvant treatment with volumetric arc therapy (VMAT) using simultaneous integrated boost (SIB).
Methods
Data was collected for post-operated patients of carcinoma of oral cavity who received adjuvant VMAT with SIB between June 2018 and December 2022. The data was entered and analyzed using SPSS software version 20.0. Survival rates were estimated using Kaplan Meier method. To determine survival difference between the groups, log rank test was used. Multivariate analyses were performed with Cox proportional hazard model and p value < 0 .05 was considered as significant.
Results
A total of 178 patients were included in the study. The median follow-up period was 26 months (range: 3–56 months). The 3-year OS, DFS, and LRC rates were 78% (95% CI, 77%-79%), 76% (95% CI, 74% − 77%), and 81% (95% CI, 80%-82%), respectively. Univariate analysis identified age ≥ 50 years, lymph node involvement, extracapsular extension (ECE), and N2-N3 disease as significant adverse prognostic factors for OS, DFS, and LRC. Multivariate analysis confirmed age ≥ 50 years and nodal involvement as independent predictors of worse OS, DFS, and LRC. Additionally, ECE independently affected OS and DFS.
Conclusion
Adjuvant treatment with VMAT using SIB in patients with OCC is effective. Age and nodal involvement had significant impact on LRC, DFS and OS while ECE on DFS and OS.
Corrosion in reinforced concrete: Diagnostics through Potential Corrosion Technique
Authors: Reginato Lucas Alexandre , Lorenzi Alexandre , de Oliveira Leonardo Covatti , Lorenzi Luciani Somensi , Filho Luiz Carlos Pinto da Silva
Published: July 2023

Among the processes that accelerate the loss of performance of reinforced concrete structures, considering their frequent occurrence and severity, corrosion of reinforcement can be seen as one of the most important. A worrying factor is that most buildings in the main Brazilian urban centers are between 40 and 50 years old, a time when repairs and maintenance become more routine. Therefore, the problems related to the corrosion of the reinforcements tend to accentuate in the coming years and the identification of corrosion will play an important role. Thus, this research has the purpose to analyze the application of the diagnosis through potential corrosion techniques. For this, full-scale reinforced concrete beams were analyzed. Corrosion was stimulated by the Modified Immersion Accelerated Corrosion - CAIM method, at three levels of mass loss: 5, 10 and 15%. The diagnostic technique through the corrosion potential was applied, in which it was observed that there is uncertainty in the corrosion evaluation for the mass loss levels of 5 and 10%, resulting in a corrosion uncertainty interval, but at 15%, the potential technique proved to be satisfactory.
Cardiac 18F-Dopamine Positron Emission Tomography Predicts the Type of Phenoconversion of Pure Autonomic Failure
Authors: Lenka Abhishek , Isonaka Risa , Holmes Courtney , Goldstein David S.
Published: July 2023

Background
Pure autonomic failure (PAF) is a rare disease characterized clinically by neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (nOH) and biochemically by peripheral noradrenergic deficiency. Clinically diagnosed PAF can evolve (“phenoconvert”) to a central Lewy body disease (LBD, e.g., Parkinson’s disease (PD) or dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB)) or to the non-LBD synucleinopathy multiple system atrophy (MSA). We examined whether cardiac 18F-dopamine positron emission tomography (PET) predicts the trajectory of phenoconversion in PAF. Since cardiac 18F-dopamine-derived radioactivity always is decreased in LBDs with nOH and usually is normal in MSA, we hypothesized that PAF patients with low cardiac 18F-dopamine-derived radioactivity may phenoconvert to a central LBD but do not phenoconvert to MSA.
Methods
We reviewed data from all the patients seen at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center from 1994 to 2023 with a clinical diagnosis of PAF and data about serial 18F-dopamine PET.
Results
Twenty patients met the above criteria. Of 15 with low cardiac 18F-dopamine-derived radioactivity, 6 (40%) phenoconverted to PD or DLB and none to MSA. Of 5 patients with consistently normal 18F-dopamine PET, 4 phenoconverted to MSA, and the other at autopsy had neither a central LBD nor MSA.
Conclusion
In this case series, 40% of patients with nOH and low cardiac 18F-dopamine-derived radioactivity phenoconverted to PD or DLB during follow-up; none phenoconverted to MSA. Cardiac 18F-DA PET therefore can predict the type of phenoconversion in PAF. This capability could refine eligibility criteria for entry into disease-modification trials aiming to prevent evolution of PAF to symptomatic central LBDs.
Personalized checkpoint acupuncture can reduce postoperative pain after abdominal surgery- a STRICTA-conform Pilot-Study
Authors: Ghanad Erfan , Yang Cui , Weiß Christel , Goncalves Mario , Santos Maria Joao , Correia Nuno , Reissfelder Christoph , Greten Henry Johannes , Herrle Florian
Published: July 2023

Background Optimal pain management is one of the core elements of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS®) protocols and remains a challenge. Acupuncture (AC) is an effective treatment for various pain conditions. Systematic and personalized allocation of acupoints may be decisive for efficacy.Methods Based on the predominant pressure sensitivity of six gastrointestinal (GI) checkpoints (G1-G6), we devised a method to detect personalized patterns of pain and a corresponding set of acupoints. We performed a single AC treatment with semi-permanent needles and assessed the visual analogue scale (VAS) score, pain threshold based on pressure algometry (PA) and temperature changes on abdominal skin areas before and 5 min after AC.Results Between April and June 2021, thirty-eight patients were prospectively included in this pilot study. The mean reduction in subjective pain sensation as assessed by VAS was 86%, paralleled by an augmentation of the pain threshold as measured by PA by 64%. A small but significant increase in the skin temperature was observed above the abdominal surface. These effects were independent of the type of surgery.Conclusion Checkpoint acupuncture may be a complementary tool for postoperative pain management. Further investigations are needed to explore this analgesic effect.
A Systematic Review on Microservice Testing
Authors: Panahande Mahsa , Miller James
Published: July 2023

Microservices have emerged to change software architecture into a style of loosely coupled facilities cooperating via a lightweight way. This architecture makes a more scalable and resilient artifact that is easier to evolve and deploy. However, how can we ensure that microservices are defect-free and satisfy expected behaviors? Like other software styles, microservices must be tested in various ways. Employing heterogeneous platforms in microservice development and microservices characteristics, such as scalability and resiliency demand different test approaches from other software applications. This paper produces a systematic literature review on articles published from 2011 on microservice testing. Of the 98 relevant studies found in the literature, 35 have been included in this survey. Primary studies have been summarized by their novelty, benefits, and gaps. Moreover, they are compared in terms of their techniques, outcomes, and evaluations. Studying the current test method’s limitations identifies open problems discussed during the paper. Results of this study identify the current achievements and future possible directions in the microservice testing domain. This survey finds resiliency testing and finding abnormal components in a production environment as the most common approaches for testing and validating microservice integrations and behavior. However, there is still room for generalizing fault injection methods and addressing microservice-specific features in test approaches.
Rate enhancement of the Hantzsch condensation reactions using a new natural deep eutectic mixture
Authors: Rahro Parissa Naddaf , Shirini Farhad
Published: July 2023

In this work, a novel natural deep eutectic mixture was prepared from glucose, pregabalin and urea and used for the promotion of the synthesis of 1,8-dioxo-decahydroacridine and hexahydroquinoline derivatives through the one-pot Hantzsch condensation reaction. The new catalyst was characterized by several techniques including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), derivative thermogravimetry (DTG), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and refractive index measurements (RI). Easy preparation of the reagent, green process, simple work-up procedure, high yields, and short reaction times are among the most important advantages of the reported protocol. In this research Antibacterial activities of the prepared deep eutectic mixture and new synthesized Hantzsch derivatives were also studied against the Bacillus subtilis (Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) by the agar well diffusion method.
Why the World Gets More Polarized: A Positive Political Economy Perspective
Authors: Jwa Sung-Hee , Lee Taekyu
Published: July 2023

This paper argues that Economic Discrimination (ED), when instituted by the trinity of economic development, market, corporation, and government, can promote shared and inclusive growth. In contrast, Economic Egalitarianism (EE) will work against it. ED means treating economic differences differently, while EE means treating economic differences equally or indifferently. As a pinnacle of the ED institutions in the capitalist economy, the corporate organization plays a crucial role in shared and inclusive growth. An empirical study is done by utilizing a new concept of corporate production and distribution functions. The empirical results show: 1) income growth is affected positively by corporate growth but negatively by the extent of the welfare state, 2) income distribution is affected positively by corporate growth but negatively by the extent of the welfare state, 3) income distribution improves together with income growth. These imply that the growth of the corporate economy will expedite shared and inclusive economic development but the expansion of the redistributive welfare state by hurting the corporate economy will worsen economic polarization.
ShallowHRD status Acts as an Effective Prognostic Predictor in Ovarian Cancer Patients Treated by Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis)
Authors: Guo Yuanli , He Xinxin , Tan Yanming , Liu Junfeng , Chen Huadong , Huang Yi , Zhang Chao , Tao Ying , Chen Shan
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) plays a crucial role in ovarian cancer patients who are treated with Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPis). It could be defined as a prognosis biomarker. However, many high throughput sequencing methods for evaluating HRD, including HRDetect (WGS 10X), SigMA (WGS 40X or panel 1000X), and scarHRD (WGS 30X), are technically complex, time and data-storage consuming, and costly. Herein, we aimed to develop a low-cost method by low sequencing coverage to identify HRD status for precision medication.
Methods: We utilized shallowHRD, a software tool to evaluate tumor HRD based on whole genome sequencing (WGS) at low coverage (1X), and established a novel scoring system, shallow-HRD score system.
Results: Compare with negative shallow-HRD status (shallow-HRD score <15 or BRCA1wild), positive shallow-HRD status (shallow-HRD score ≥15 or BRCA1mut) presented favorable survival after being treated with PARPis.
Conclusion：The shallowHRD status is a good biomarker for predicting prognosis, which could help guide the clinical application of PARPis in ovarian cancer patients by a cost-effective, time and data-storage saving method.
Generating Explanations for Explainable Recommendations Using Time-Series Information
Authors: Qu Yuanpeng , Nobuhara Hajime
Published: July 2023

Generating explanations in natural language processing methods such as review generation and explainable recommendations plays an essential role in personalization. These methods can provide explanations that can help target users better understand the recommended items and enhance their awareness of the system’s knowledge about their preferences. However, existing explanation-generating methods for recommendations ignore time-series information, which is important to improve the effectiveness of the recommendation. To address this issue, we propose a Transformer-based explanation-generating method designed to generate recommendation reasons based on time-series information from sequential recommendations. This method bridges the time-series information from the target user’s purchase history and the item they may want to purchase to assign it a linguistic meaning and generate explanations for the recommended item. We divided our proposed method into two parts, sequential recommendation and reason generation, to maximize the benefits. Extensive experiments on three datasets show that the proposed approach can generate explanations for the results of sequential recommendations both reasonably and effectively compared to state-of-the-art explanation generation methods in most cases. Further experiments on time-series information and case studies verify the effectiveness of our approach. Our proposed model demonstrates its ability to generate explanations that incorporate time series information, as supported by our proposed evaluation metric. This also affirms the significant role of time series information in improving the performance and quality of the generated explanations.
Microencapsulation of spinach extract using binary blends of biopolymers: A comparison between freeze drying and spray drying approaches
Authors: Rajabi Hamid , Sedaghati Samineh , Rajabzadeh Ghadir , Sani Ali Mohammad
Published: July 2023

This investigation sought to evaluate the relative efficacies of freeze drying (FDM) and spray drying (SDM) methodologies in the microencapsulation of spinach extract, as a source of chlorophylls (CHL), utilizing varying concentrations and ratios of Arabic gum and maltodextrin. Alterations observed in the FTIR spectra substantiated the successful incorporation of CHL within the carriers’ matrix, with the drying method exerting no discernible influence. The mean values for powder yield and encapsulation efficiency in FDM samples at 25% total solid content (TS) were 19.24% and 5.28% greater, respectively, than those of spray-dried samples, while SDM microcapsules exhibited significantly enhanced storage stability. FESEM analysis revealed the considerable impact of drying method, carrier type, concentration, and ratio on both the size and surface properties of samples. An increase in TS from 25–35% resulted in a significant increase in mean particle size for SDM powders from 7.19 µm to 10.96 µm, while FDM samples exhibited an increase in surface roughness. In conclusion, both methodologies demonstrated the capacity to preserve CHL; however, given the significance of energy consumption and process duration at an industrial scale, we propose that SDM represents a suitable approach by producing CHL microparticles with extended shelf-life and favorable processibility.
Proposed Methodology for Disaster Classification Using Computer Vision and Federated Learning
Authors: Shah Jash , Patel Divya , Shah Jinish , Shah Saurav , Sawant Vinaya
Published: July 2023

Classification of disasters is crucial for effectivedisaster management and response. This paper proposes amethodology that combines computer vision techniques andfederated learning to improve the classification accuracy ofdisasters while addressing the issue of data transfer and the timesquandered doing so. This methodology employs computer visionalgorithms to analyse captured visual data from a variety ofsources. It seeks to accurately classify disasters such as wildfires,floods, earthquakes, and cyclones by extracting pertinent featuresand patterns from these images. Using federated learning toresolve the issues of data privacy and transfer latency is theproposed solution. Federated learning makes it possible to trainmodels on decentralised data sources without requiring datacentralization. Each participating device or data source trainsa local model using its own data, and only model updatesare shared and aggregated to create a global model. Extensiveexperiments utilising videos of actual disasters are conductedto evaluate the proposed methodology. The evaluation focuseson precision and effectiveness. This strategy is anticipated toresult in improved disaster classification models, making themappropriate for deployment in disaster management systems.
Enhancement in Process Mining Model by Repairing Noisy Behavior in Event Log
Authors: Shahzadi Shabnam , Shahzad Usman , Emam Walid , Tashkandy Yusra , Iftikhar Soofia
Published: July 2023

Companies and organization aim to be competitive in order to improve the performance of the business process. In recent years, process mining attracts researchers and their main purpose is to extract accurate information from the process-related data. Enhancement is one of their main types, which is used to prolong or enhance/improve the existing process by taking the information from the actual process of an event log. As we know, enhancement has two types Extension and Repair. In our paper, we use the repair type of enhancement. It is common practice that logging errors in information systems or the presence of special behavior mean that we have the actual event log with the noise. In our paper, we investigate the process mining model with the presence of noise in the event log. We repair the event logs by decomposing them into many sub-logs and removing the noise behavior in the sub-logs by using covering probability. Repaired sub-logs are than added to the original event log at the appropriate place. We also propose in our research work a probabilistic method that depends on frequency occurrence for activities in a particular situation. The proposed method allows us to remove noisy and abnormal behavior in the event log, which permit us to gain a over-all perspective in the process Hence we generate artificial event logs with the presence of noise behavior in the ProM framework. By using RapidMiner based ProM Extension, we generate a test set that demonstrates, that we can find out and repair multiple types of noisy behavior in an event log. Therefore the proposed method also clearly shows that after repairing the event log we can improve the performance of a process mining model.
The relationship between anxiety and cognition in stroke patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Zheng Zixiu , Song Runluo , Song Yang , Wang Yanqing , Zhuang Yanjun , Yu Cong , Xue Jun
Published: July 2023

Background
There is limited evidence on the relationship between anxiety and cognition in stroke patients, and no precise relationship between the two has been indicated.
Objective
We aimed to explore the precise relationship between anxiety and cognition in Chinese stroke patients.
Methods
This study was a cross-sectional study, 384 hospitalized stroke patients were assessed with questionnaires and scales, including the Demographic Characteristics Questionnaire, the Hamilton Anxiety Inventory (HAMA), and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).
Results
Anxiety was present in 55.47% of the 384 patients. Univariate analysis showed that age, gender, marital status, smoking, and alcohol consumption were associated with cognition, and multiple linear regression results showed that HAMA was not independently associated with MoCA after adjusting for potential confounders (β=-0.16, 95% CI: -0.29 to- 0.03), which would be inconsistent with HAMA (subgroup) as a categorical variable (P trend of 0.004) A non-linear relationship was detected between HAMA and MoCA with an inflection point of 9. The effect sizes and confidence intervals to the left and right of the inflection point were -0.54 (-0.78 to -0.30) and 0.02 (-0.14 to -0.17), respectively.
Trial Registration
Registration number of China Clinical Trials Registration Center: 20220328004-FS01
Conclusion
The relationship between anxiety and cognition is nonlinear. When the HAMA score is less than 9, anxiety and cognition are negatively correlated, and when it is greater than or equal to 9, the cognitive score will no longer decrease and is saturated.
Lavandula angustifolia extract as a green corrosion inhibitor for protection of mild steel in HCl acid Solution
Authors: Arslanhan Selim , Sığırcık Gökmen , Yıldız Reşit , Baran Mehmet Fırat
Published: July 2023

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
KIF11 serves as a cell cycle mediator in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Zhu Liwen , Chen Chuqin , Kang Meiyun , Ma Xiaopeng , Sun Xiaoyan , Xue Yao , Fang Yongjun
Published: July 2023

The extremely high incidence and mortality of ALL remain to a great threat to children worldwide. This study aims to explore a novel biomarker for childhood ALL based on the analysis using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Array data of the GSE73578 dataset, involving 46 childhood ALL samples, were downloaded from the GEO database. The weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to explore co-expression modules associated with childhood ALL. The functions of hub module associated with many vital processes were also predicted by Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway enrichment analysis. The KIF11 gene was screened out by overlapping down-regulated genes in GSE73578 and GSE4698 datasets and the hub module. Guilt by association (GBA) was adopted to verify the function of the identified KIF11 gene and to predict its target genes associated with the treatment of childhood ALL. KIF11 was up-regulated in bone marrow samples of childhood ALL patients and corresponding cell lines. Furthermore, in vitro experiments confirmed that knockdown of KIF11 in ALL cells inhibited cell proliferation and arrested cell cycle progression in G2/M phase. We identified KIF11 as a therapeutic marker for childhood ALL. Our study provides references for elucidating the molecular mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of childhood ALL.
Effects of Novel Cuproptosis-related Long Noncoding RNAs on the Prognosis and Immune Microenvironment of Wilms Tumor
Authors: Li Yadong , Xie Siqi , Wang Song , Li Yi , Zhang Bing , Cheng Feng , Fang Yifan
Published: July 2023

Purpose
Unlike all other known types of regulated cell death, cuproptosis is a unique copper-dependent cell death pathway that is closely connected to mitochondria and metabolism. The pathogenesis of Wilms tumor (WT), a common pediatric abdominal tumor, has yet to be fully elucidated. However, studies on long noncoding RNAs related to cuproptosis in WT and the relationship between Wilms tumor, the microenvironment, and cuproptosis are still scarce.
Results
Our results showed that among individuals with WT, those included in the high-risk group identified using the signature were demonstrated poor survival outcomes. Moreover, we found that the high-risk group had a worse prognosis (P < 0.001) than the group of low-risk. The area under the curve value for this signature was 0.818, which was higher than that for age (0.524), sex (0.580), race (0.489), stage (0.673), and the modeling of ferroptosis-related lncRNAs (0.775). Individuals in the group of low-risk group had an elevated Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion scores and were more sensitive to 13 drugs, including BI-2536, EX-527, IspinesibMesylate, and KIN001-135.
Conclusion
Our model can precisely predict the prognosis of WT patients and differentiate between those at low and high risk. The current study introduces a novel approach for predicting clinical prognosis and determining the appropriate therapy for patients with WT.
Immune activation effects at different irradiated sites and optimal timing of radioimmunotherapy in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: a real-world analysis
Authors: Wu Min , Wu Shihao , Chen Yuetong , Sun Liangchao , Zhou Jundong
Published: July 2023

Background
In view of the limited data on radiotherapy (RT) combined with immunotherapy in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC), this study aimed to identify the immune activation effect on different sites and the survival outcomes of radioimmunotherapy at different treatment stages.
Methods
Forty-five patients diagnosed with ES-SCLC were included in this retrospective analysis. We collected the overall survival (OS) of the patients,, recorded the blood cell counts before, during, and after RT, and derived blood index ratios such as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII). The datasets were analyzed using the Spearman rank correlation test, Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test, logistic regression, and survival analysis.
Results
Among the selected blood indices, the delta-NLR/PLR/Sll correlated with different irradiated organs, and the mean ranks of these three indices were the lowest in the brain-irradiated group during immunotherapy. Additionally, adjunct first-line immunotherapy with RT demonstrated a significant improvement compared to second- or third-line therapy and subsequent therapies.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that compared to other organs, the strongest immune activation effect occurs with brain RT, and ES-SCLC patients who received radioimmunotherapy (RIT) earlier achieved higher OS rates.
Remarks on a fractional nonlinear partial integro-differential equation via the new generalized multivariate Mittag-Leffler function *
Authors: Li Chenkuan , Saadati Reza , Beaudin Joshua , Hrytsenko Andrii
Published: July 2023

Introducing the new generalized multivariate Mittag-Leffler function, we consider the uniqueness of solutions to a boundary value problem of the fractional nonlinear partial integro-differential equation using Banach’s fixed point theorem and Babenko’s technique. In addition, we use Python which is a high-level language efficiently dealing with the summation of multi indices to compute the approximate value of the generalized Mittag-Leffler function, and provide an example showing applications of key results derived.
Mathematics Subject Classification: 65M25, 65Q30, 35C10, 35C15, 26A33
The Inhibitory Effect of Human Placenta Extract (Laennec ® ) on Atopic Dermatitis-Like Skin Disease In Vivo and In Vitro
Authors: Jeong Kyeongsoo , Jeon So-Hyun , Jin Hui , Im Minju , Kim Jae-Won
Published: July 2023

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an allergic inflammatory skin disease accompanied by severe itching and eczema. Human placenta extract (PE), used for treatment of conditions related to hepatic function, possess anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of PE against AD in a 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)-induced AD mouse model, and in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α/interferon (IFN)-γ-stimulated human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and immunized splenocytes. We confirmed that subcutaneous administration of PE (200 or 400 µL, twice a week) improved AD skin lesions and reduced the spleen index in mice. In addition, the expression levels of immune-related and proinflammatory factors were suppressed in serum and skin tissue. These results were consistent with the tendency observed in HaCaT cells and splenocytes. Intriguingly, human-derived PE had no side effects, such as loss of muscle mass, compared to corticosteroid, which was used as a positive control. Taken together, our results demonstrate that PE effectively inhibits the development of AD and might be a potentially useful therapeutic agent for AD-like skin disease.
AI vs Humans: The Future of Academic Review in Public Administration
Authors: Salah Mohammed , Abdelfattah Fadi , Alhalbusi Hussam
Published: July 2023

In the ever-evolving landscape of academia, artificial intelligence (AI) presents promising opportunities for enhancing the academic review process. In this study, we evaluated the proficiency of Bard and GPT-4, two of the most advanced AI models, in conducting academic reviews. Bard and GPT-4 were compared to human reviewers, highlighting their capabilities and potential areas for improvement. Through a mixed-methods approach of quantitative scoring and qualitative thematic analysis, we observed a consistent performance of the AI models surpassing human reviewers in comprehensibility, clarity of review, the relevance of feedback, and accuracy of technical assessments. Qualitative analysis revealed nuanced proficiency in evaluating structure, readability, argumentation, narrative coherence, attention to detail, data analysis, and implications assessment. While Bard exhibited exemplary performance in basic comprehension and feedback relevance, GPT-4 stood out in detailed analysis, showcasing impressive attention to minor discrepancies and meticulous scrutiny. The results underscore the potential of AI as an invaluable tool in the academic review process, capable of complementing human reviewers to improve the quality, efficiency, and effectiveness of reviews. However, we also identified areas where human reviewers excel, particularly in understanding complex academic language and intricate logical progressions, offering crucial insights for future AI model training and development.