bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neoadjuvant Nivolumab Plus Ipilimumab Versus Chemotherapy in Resectable Lung Cancer
Authors: Awad Mark M. , Forde Patrick M. , Girard Nicolas , Spicer Jonathan , Wang Changli , Lu Shun , Mitsudomi Tetsuya , Felip Enriqueta , Broderick Stephen R. , Swanson Scott J. , Brahmer Julie , Kerr Keith , Saylors Gene B. , Chen Ke-Neng , Gharpure Vishwanath , Neely Jaclyn , Balli David , Hu Nan , Provencio Pulla Mariano
Published: January 2025

PURPOSE

Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint blockade with nivolumab plus ipilimumab improves overall survival (OS) in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); however, randomized data for resectable lung cancer are limited. We report results from the exploratory concurrently randomized nivolumab plus ipilimumab and chemotherapy arms of the international phase III CheckMate 816 trial.

METHODS

Adults with stage IB-IIIA (American Joint Committee on Cancer seventh edition) resectable NSCLC received three cycles of nivolumab once every 2 weeks plus one cycle of ipilimumab or three cycles of chemotherapy (on day 1 or days 1 and 8 of each 3-week cycle) followed by surgery. Analyses included event-free survival (EFS), OS, pathologic response, surgical outcomes, biomarker analyses, and safety.

RESULTS

A total of 221 patients were concurrently randomly assigned to nivolumab plus ipilimumab (n = 113) or chemotherapy (n = 108). At a median follow-up of 49.2 months, the median EFS was 54.8 months (95% CI, 24.4 to not reached [NR]) with nivolumab plus ipilimumab versus 20.9 months (95% CI, 14.2 to NR) with chemotherapy (HR, 0.77 [95% CI, 0.51 to 1.15]); 3-year EFS rates were 56% versus 44%. Higher rates of EFS events were initially seen, with later benefit favoring nivolumab plus ipilimumab; 3-year OS rates were 73% versus 61% (HR, 0.73 [95% CI, 0.47 to 1.14]); pathologic complete response rates were 20.4% versus 4.6%, respectively. In the respective arms, 83 (74%) and 82 patients (76%) underwent definitive surgery. Grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 14% and 36% of patients, respectively.

CONCLUSION

Neoadjuvant nivolumab plus ipilimumab showed potential long-term clinical benefit versus chemotherapy, despite early crossing of EFS curves in the preoperative phase and a lower rate of high-grade toxicity.
Menthol-based Novel Ultra-Deformable Vesicle: Formulation, Optimization and Evaluation of an Antifungal Drug
Authors: Manjushree Hema , Nayak Devika , Halagali Praveen , Rathnanand Mahalaxmi , Tawale Roshan , Ananthmurthy Koteshwara , Aranjani Jesil Mathew , Tippavajhala Vamshi Krishna
Published: January 2025

The current study aims to establish a novel ultra-deformable vesicular system to enhance the drug penetration across the skin by preparing the ketoconazole-loaded menthosomes. It was achieved through regular thin-film evaporation & hydration techniques. To examine the effect of formulation parameters on menthosome characteristics, a 23 full factorial design was used using Design-Expert® software. The optimized batch exhibited a vesicle size (107.6 nm), a polydispersity index (PDI) (0.248), entrapment efficiency (% EE) (76.9%), and a zeta potential (-33.7 mV). Results from ex vivo skin permeation studies and in vitro drug release demonstrated enhanced improved skin permeation and drug release compared to other formulations. An in vitro antifungal and in vivo pharmacodynamic study, elucidated the enhanced effectiveness of the optimized formulation against Candida albicans. In summary, menthosomes could serve as a potent vehicle to enhance drug penetration via the skin to improve its antifungal activity.

Graphical Abstract
Outcomes After Standardized Burr-Hole Surgery for Chronic Subdural Hematomas: A Population-Based Consecutive Cohort Study of 2655 Patients
Authors: Buwaider Ali , Sæmundsson Bjartur , Nemer Edisson , Anderberg John , Strom Isabelle , Wong San-San , Backelin Ina , Ahlsson Karl , Ståhl Martin , Thelin Eric P. , Fletcher-Sandersjöö Alexander , Bartek Jiri
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is one of the most common neurosurgical conditions. However, current evidence on postoperative outcomes exhibits variability due to small sample sizes, nonstandardized outcome assessment, and variations in surgical techniques. The aim of this study was to overcome these limitations by assessing standardized outcome measures after surgical intervention for CSDH at a high-volume population-based center favoring a uniform burr-hole craniotomy (BHC) approach.

METHODS:

Adult patients (≥15 years) who underwent surgical treatment of a CSDH at the Karolinska University Hospital from 2006 to 2022 were retrospectively included. Outcome measures included 6-month ipsilateral hematoma reoperation, postoperative complications categorized by the Landriel-Ibanez grading system, neurological function, and mortality. Predictors of outcomes were assessed using multivariable logistic regression models.

RESULTS:

In total, 2655 patients were included, with 2407 evacuated using BHC and 248 requiring a minicraniotomy. Reoperation for a hematoma recurrence occurred in 11%. Independent predictors of reoperation were male sex, diabetes, preoperative antithrombotic therapy, midline shift, and bilateral surgery. Postoperative complications occurred in 11% of cases, with 3.9% classified as moderate to severe. A complication leading to death was reported in 22 patients (0.8%). The most common postoperative complications were urinary tract infections (1.5%), subdural empyema (1.4%), and seizures (0.7%). Independent predictors of moderate-to-severe complications were higher preoperative Charlson Comorbidity Index and lower Glasgow Coma Scale score. The 1-year postoperative mortality rate was 12%.

CONCLUSION:

This study provided standardized outcome measures in a large cohort of patients treated for CSDH at a center where BHC was consistently used. Most postoperative complications were mild and either did not require intervention or were managed with pharmacological treatment. The identified predictors of CSDH reoperation and moderate-to-severe postoperative complications offer considerations for clinical management and patient care.
External Auditory Canal Transillumination-Guided Middle Fossa Approaches: An Anatomical Feasibility Study
Authors: Şahin Mustafa , Güngör Abuzer , Doğruel Yücel , Luzzi Sabino , Yilmaz Adem , Türe Uğur
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

The middle fossa approaches are tremendously versatile for treating small vestibular schwannomas, selected petroclival meningiomas, midbasilar trunk aneurysms, and lesions of the petrous bone. Our aim was to localize the internal acoustic canal and safely drill the petrous apex with these approaches. This study demonstrates a new method to locate the internal acoustic canal during surgery in the middle fossa.

METHODS:

The microsurgical anatomy of the middle fossa floor was studied in 11 formalin-fixed and silicone-injected cadaveric heads. Extradural dissection of the skull base was completed from the posterior to the anterior side. A zero-degree rigid endoscope was inserted perpendicularly into the external auditory canal. The light beam was first directed through the tympanic membrane, avoiding injury to the tympanic membrane. The room lights were dimmed to provide a clearer view of the transilluminated bony area. Drilling was performed with transillumination guidance.

RESULTS:

The transilluminated area included the tympanic and mastoid tegmen up to the arcuate eminence. The nonilluminated area was bounded posteriorly by the arcuate eminence, laterally by the greater superficial petrosal nerve, and posteromedially by the petrous ridge. In all specimens, drilling the transition line between the Kawase triangle and the transilluminated area unroofed the internal auditory canal (IAC). No transillumination of the carotid canal was seen after anterior petrosectomy in any of the specimens. The entire contents of the IAC were preserved in both anterior petrosectomy and unroofing of the IAC.

CONCLUSION:

In this anatomical study, transillumination of the external auditory canal proved to be feasible, accurate, and safe in guiding the middle fossa approaches. The ease of implementation and cost-effectiveness of the technique may suggest a possible application in operative scenarios.
Trochlear Nerve Decompression by Endoscopic Suboccipital Supracerebellar Infratentorial Approach: A Technical Note: 2-Dimensional Operative Video
Authors: Vignolles-Jeong Joshua , Finger Guilherme , Damante Mark , Weber Matthieu D. , Wu Kyle C. , Prevedello Daniel M.
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE:

Superior oblique myokymia (SOM) is a rare, acquired aberration of the innervation of the superior oblique, resulting in episodic monocular contraction of the superior oblique muscle characterized by intermittent rotatory eye movement causing diplopia and oscillopsia. Several treatment modalities have been described to treat SOM, including medication and surgical interventions. There is a paucity of reports describing microvascular decompression (MVD) of the trochlear nerve near the root entry zone for the treatment of a neurovascular conflict. The authors describe a case report of a patient who presented with SOM by a supracerebellar infratentorial approach using microscopic and endoscopic visualization.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION:

A 40-year-old woman presented with an 8-month history of rhythmic contractions of her right orbit with worsening double vision and occasional balance issues. Neuro-ophthalmological evaluation which revealed a right-sided SOM. MRI evaluation demonstrated a potential vascular compression by the superior cerebellar artery near the origin of the trochlear nerve. She underwent MVD by a supracerebellar infratentorial approach using microscopic and endoscopic visualization. The patient experienced resolution of her SOM in the immediate postoperative period and a Trochlear nerve palsy that resolved within 6 months.

CONCLUSION:

The endoscopic supracerebellar infratentorial approach for MVD of the trochlear nerve is a safe and efficacious approach that provides superior visualization of the trochlear nerve at its origin and in the setting of SOM. This approach shows outcomes comparable with those used in previously described cases.
Le conflit de la modernité
Authors: Δημητρίου Στέφανος
Published: January 2025

Στόχος της διατριβής είναι να ερευνήσει τη σχέση Διαφωτισμού, πολιτικής φιλοσοφίας και θεμελίωσης των νεωτερικών αξιών παράλληλα με την κριτική που άσκησε ο φιλοσοφικός μεταμοντερνισμός. Η κύρια θέση είναι ότι η αξίωση του θετικισμού για αυστηρή, φορμαλιστική θεμελίωση επιφέρει το αντίθετο αποτέλεσμα, δηλαδή ενισχύει τον φιλοσοφικό σχετικισμό, στην πιο ακραία εκδοχή του, ώστε αυτός να αμφισβητεί και τις ίδιες τις προϋποθέσεις της κριτικής. Από την άλλη, είναι μέρος της κριτικής λειτουργίας του Λόγου η αναστοχαστική εξέταση των παραδοχών του, ώστε να μην καθίσταται δογματικός.
Η σχέση της συναισθηματικής νοημοσύνης και του καπνίσματος στην κλινική εκδήλωση της στεφανιαίας νόσου την εποχή της πανδημίας Covid-19
Authors: Νταραχάνη Δήμητρα
Published: January 2025

Περίληψη Εισαγωγή: Τα σοβαρά περιστατικά COVID-19 συνδέονται συχνά με μια ποικιλία υποκείμενων ασθενειών, ιδίως χρόνιων υποκείμενων παθήσεων, που αφορούν καρδιαγγειακά νοσήματα, όπως η Στεφανιαία Νόσος. H συσχέτιση μεταξύ του καπνίσματος και της νόσου COVID-19 παραμένει αρκετά σημαντική, ενώ οι περιπτώσεις COVID-19 που υπόκεινται σε υποκείμενα καρδιαγγειακά νοσήματα έχουν χειρότερη πρόγνωση. Η ανθεκτικότητα και η συναισθηματική ρύθμιση έχουν αναγνωριστεί ως χαρακτηριστικά που σχετίζονται με τη διατήρηση της θετικής ψυχικής υγείας και τον μετριασμό του άγχους κατά τη διάρκεια της πανδημίας. Η χαμηλή αντίσταση στο στρες, η εμπειρία αρνητικών συναισθημάτων και τα ελλείμματα στη ρύθμιση του συναισθηματικού στρες θεωρούνται ως σημαντικοί ψυχολογικοί και ψυχοφυσιολογικοί παράγοντες στην ανάπτυξη της στεφανιαίας νόσου. Σκοπός: Σκοπός της παρούσας διδακτορικής διατριβής είναι η λεπτομερής μελέτη και ανάλυση της σχέσης της συναισθηματικής νοημοσύνης και του καπνίσματος στην κλινική εκδήλωση της στεφανιαίας νόσου την εποχή της πανδημίας COVID-19Εργαλεία και μέθοδοι: Η συλλογή των δεδομένων πραγματοποιήθηκε σε 150 ασθενείς καπνιστές με στεφανιαία νόσο που νοσηλεύονταν στη Μονάδα Στεφανιαίας Νόσου του Γ.Ν.Ν.Θ.Α. «Η Σωτηρία» και στην Καρδιολογική Κλινική του Γ.Ν.Ν.Θ.Α. και έλαβαν μέρος εθελοντικά. Έγινε χρήση των ερωτηματολογίων The Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire-Short Form-TEI Que-SF, Views and Attitudes of Patients in Mental Facilities Regarding Smoking-SPH καθώς και ερωτηματολογίου δημογραφικών στοιχείων. Αναμενόμενα αποτελέσματα: Η συναισθηματική νοημοσύνη και το κάπνισμα ασκούν επίδραση σημαντική στη κλινική εκδήλωση της στεφανιαίας νόσου την εποχή της πανδημίας του COVID-19.Συμπεράσματα: Η συναισθηματική νοημοσύνη, η ηλικία και το μορφωτικό επίπεδο αποδεικνύεται ότι αυξάνει τον έλεγχο διαχείρισης της στεφανιαίας νόσου και προτρέπει στην επιτυχή διακοπή του καπνίσματος.
Development and validation of molecular assays for gene expression and DNA mutations in liquid biopsy samples
Authors: Σμίλκου Σταυρούλα
Published: January 2025

Η μοριακή ανάλυση σε δείγματα υγρής βιοψίας απαιτεί την ανάπτυξη μεθοδολογιών με υψηλή ειδικότητα και ευαισθησία προκειμένου να ξεπεραστούν οι περιορισμοί και οι προκλήσεις. Στην παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή, αναπτύχθηκαν νέες μεθοδολογίες με εξαιρετικά ευαίσθητες τεχνολογίες και επικυρώθηκαν σε δείγματα υγρής βιοψίας. 1) Αξιολογήθηκε η απόδοση μιας τεχνολογίας για την ανίχνευση πολλαπλών μεταλλάξεων ESR1 και της AKT1 E17K σε ελεύθερο κυκλοφορούν DNA (cfDNA) με βάση την Crystal Digital PCR®. Προς αυτή την κατεύθυνση, αναλύθηκαν παράλληλα πανομοιότυπα δείγματα πλάσματος για τις μεταλλάξεις ESR1 με την Crystal Digital PCR® και το πρωτόκολλο ESR1-NAPA και συγκρίθηκαν τα αποτελέσματα. 2) Διερευνήθηκε εάν η ανάλυση των μεταλλάξεων ESR1 σε κυκλοφορούντα καρκινικά κύτταρα (CTCs) και κυκλοφορούν καρκινικό DNA (ctDNA) παρέχει συμπληρωματικές πληροφορίες σχετικά με την αντοχή στην ενδοκρινική θεραπεία. Χρησιμοποιώντας την ddPCR, εντοπίσαμε υψηλότερο ποσοστό μεταλλάξεων σε γενωμικό DNA (gDNA) που προέρχεται από τα CTC από ό,τι στο ctDNA σε ασθενείς με μεταστατικό καρκίνο μαστού. 3) Πραγματοποιήθηκε μια μελέτη για να συγκρίνουμε την υπερευαίσθητη PCR σε πραγματικό χρόνο με συνδυασμό ειδικών εκκινητών, ασύμμετρης PCR (ARMS-PCR) για την ανίχνευση των PIK3CA p.E545K, p.E542K, p.H1047R μεταλλάξεων με ddPCR σε πρώιμους όγκους και cfDNA και συγκρίναμε τις δύο τεχνικές. 4) Αξιολογήθηκε μια νέα μέθοδος (PD-UVME) που χρησιμοποιεί το υπεριώδες φως για την εξάλειψη των αλληλόμορφων wt-DNA και επιτρέπει τη βελτιωμένη ανίχνευση γενετικών ή επιγενετικών αλλαγών. Το PD-UVME χρησιμοποιώντας ολιγονουκλεοτιδικούς ανιχνευτές ενσωματωμένους με ένα φωτοευαίσθητο νουκλεοτίδιο 3-κυανοβινυλοκαρβαζόλης (CNVK), τοποθετημένο ακριβώς απέναντι από τις επιθυμητές πυριμιδίνες, όπως θυμίνη ή κυτοσίνη στο wt-DNA. Το PD-UVME συνδυάστηκε με ddPCR για την ανίχνευση μεταλλάξεων BRAF V600E σε συστήματα μοντέλων, δείγματα ιστού ασθενών με καρκίνο του θυρεοειδούς και ctDNA από ασθενείς με μελάνωμα. 5) Πραγματοποιήθηκε μια μελέτη για την ανάπτυξη και την επικύρωση μιας νέας μεθόδου RT-qPCR για ανίχνευση μεταγράφων CTLA-4 και μελετήθηκε η έκφραση του CTLA-4 σε CTCs ασθενών με μεταστατικό καρκίνο πνεύμονα, κεφαλής και τραχήλου και μελανώματος υπό ανοσοθεραπεία.
Using wearable camera dietary monitoring technology to explore diet-related non-communicable disease in volunteers at risk of cardiovascular disease - the CoDiet study protocol.
Authors: Hill Monica , Yuen Harry , Dagbasi Aygul , Lu Baichen , Fernandez-Carrión Rebecca , Rubio Solis Adrian , Lo Po Wen , Marecek Jakub , Posma Joram Matthias , Theodoridis Georgios , Embade Nieves , Corella Dolores , Rossiou Danai , Zaldua Natalia , O'Sullivan Orla , Ortega-Azorín Carolina , Garcia Perez Isabel , Mylonas George , Arranz Martinez Sara , Tueros Itziar , Frost Gary ,   CoDiet Consortium
Published: January 2025

Introduction A major obstacle in understanding the relationship between diet and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) lies in the subjectivity and the bias in traditional dietary intake assessment methods. Food diaries, 24-hour food recall interviews, and food frequency questionnaires (FFQ) result in under- and over-reporting of nutrient and energy intake, compromising the accuracy of studies linking diet to NCDs. The emergence of image classification technology has facilitated a new approach to dietary intake assessment which addresses the subjective limitations associated with traditional self-reporting methods. Furthermore, a need to integrate multi-omics and advanced health analyses to comprehensively characterise NCD risk presents an opportunity to combine a range of technologies to better understand diet-induced NCD. Method This observational study will adopt an enhanced surveillance method, whereby we will utilise wearable cameras and activity monitors to record dietary intake, physical activity, and sleep. Participants will wear these for 3 separate one-week periods at home (with a 2 and 3-week break in between each period). At the end of each monitoring period, participants will attend a study visit at the clinical research facility, where they will undergo body composition assessments, as well as cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and autonomic nervous system health analysis using state-of-the-art technologies that measure Advanced Glycation End products (AGE) and accelerated photoplethysmography (APG). At the end of the first and last monitoring period, participants will also provide blood, urine, stool, and breath samples, and an in-depth interview will also be conducted during the final visit to assess participants’ perceptions towards the novel technologies. The study parameters will be integrated to advance our insights into how diet intricately influences the mechanisms underlying NCDs. CTRI registration number https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN11564218
Digital development among top 5 ASEAN countries: Is there convergence or divergence?
Authors: Hanif Azlina , Abd Rashid Arlinah , Roselan Muhamad Hilman
Published: January 2025

Background Digitalization is a critical driver of economic growth and innovation. Reducing disparities in digital development is essential for ensuring inclusive and sustainable progress across nations. This study explores digital convergence among the top five ASEAN economies—Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, and Brunei—by focusing on two key indicators: internet usage and fixed broadband subscriptions. The goal is to determine whether digital disparities are narrowing or widening over time, assessed through sigma and beta convergence. Methods The analysis uses panel data spanning 1995 to 2022 for internet usage and 2003 to 2022 for fixed broadband subscriptions. Sigma convergence examines the reduction in disparities over time, while beta convergence tests whether less digitally advanced countries are catching up with more advanced ones. Results The findings indicate sigma convergence for both internet usage and fixed broadband subscriptions, suggesting that these ASEAN nations are becoming more similar in their digital development. However, beta convergence analysis shows mixed results. While there is evidence of beta convergence in internet usage, implying that less advanced countries are catching up, fixed broadband subscriptions exhibit divergence, indicating widening disparities in access. Conclusions The results highlight the need for policymakers and stakeholders to address gaps in digital infrastructure and access, particularly in countries falling behind in broadband development. Targeted interventions are essential to promote equitable digital growth. Future research should include more ASEAN countries and additional digital indicators to provide a more comprehensive view of digital convergence in the region.
Why define ? Towards a pragmatic approach of Central Asia as modern international region
Authors: CHABAL Pierre
Published: January 2025

The observation of inter-sovereign behaviours in the 20th c. is that of regionalisation. First as regional groupings or Ententes (Baltic, Balkanic …), then as regional Communities (Benelux, EEC, ECOWAS …), finally as regional Organisations/Unions (EU, WAEMU, EAEU, SCO …). From before the Second World War and, even more so, after the Cold War, States have reached an agreement/grouped together among neighbours systematically enough so that this be a fact characterising a new (world) ordering. The innovation/rupture goes beyond the form (grouping/invention of partnership) and derives its meaning from the rationality pursued: to build security i/ among neighbours and ii/ at the material (economic) level, and not (any more) on the i/ global (blocs) or ii/ military level. This article begins from a contextual horizon : the emergence/thrusting of this phenomenon for Central Asia.
The influence of hepatocyte growth factor on the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells
Authors: Bieś Rafał , Mikosińska Agnieszka , Parys Jakub , Litwin Mateusz , Kałuziak Patrycja , Jajczak Marta , Mossakowski Maciej , Witek Aleksandra , Kaźmierczak Martyna , Jesionek Stanisław
Published: January 2025

Background: The HGF/c-Met signaling pathway is central to various biological processes, including tissue regeneration, cell proliferation, and differentiation. Dysregulation of this pathway has been implicated in cancer progression and poor prognosis. Despite its potential as a therapeutic target, the complexity of HGF/c-Met signaling and the associated challenges, such as off-target effects and limited understanding of its role in different disease contexts, pose significant obstacles to clinical translation.
Objectives: This review aims to examine the role of the HGF/c-Met pathway in tissue regeneration and cancer, with a focus on its therapeutic potential. We explore how HGF/c-Met signaling contributes to stem cell function, tissue repair, and cancer biology, as well as the development of targeted therapies aimed at modulating this pathway.
Methods: A thorough review of the literature was conducted, focusing on studies examining HGF/c-Met signaling in cancer and tissue regeneration. Relevant research databases were explored to identify key findings related to HGF/c-Met interactions, the effects of HGF on stem cell function, and the development of therapeutic agents targeting this pathway.
Conclusions: The HGF/c-Met pathway holds significant promise in both cancer treatment and tissue regeneration, particularly through its role in stem cell biology. Further research is needed to better understand its mechanisms and optimize targeted therapies. Combining pharmacological agents that modulate HGF/c-Met signaling with personalized treatment approaches could enhance therapeutic outcomes for cancer patients. Addressing current limitations, including the refinement of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, will be essential in fully harnessing the potential of HGF/c-Met in clinical practice.
The Journey of Italian Belly Dancers
Authors: Nemer Perla Téllez Elias
Published: January 2025

Commonly referred to as Raqs Sharqi in Arabic, “belly dance” is a choreographic form intricately woven into the cultural fabric of the MENAT region. This paper begins by tracing its transcultural evolution, from colonial influences to recent feminist discourses, illustrating how research on belly dance offers a rich field for examining the complex interplay of culture, ethnicity, religion, gender, and power. The second section builds on this foundation, applying theoretical frameworks to investigate how dancers’ habitus is selectively developed through “reflexive body techniques” (Crossley 2004), exploring how gendered social structures are embodied (Sassatelli 2022) and performed (Butler 2006) by Italian dancers. The third section details the research methodology, employing a mixed-methods approach informed by a narrative-inspired analysis (Greimas & Courtés 1982; Ferraro 2021). A web survey and in-depth qualitative interviews were designed to explore dancers’ perceived processes of transformation. The Greimasian and Ferraro frameworks were operationalised to structure the data according to the Canonical Narrative Schema (CNS), enabling an analysis of the key stages of the dancers’ journeys. The fourth and fifth sections present and analyse data collected from 428 respondents and three in-depth interviews. Using NVivo software, all data were analysed thematically within the CNS framework. Five key themes emerged: Empowerment, Cultural Capital, Vitality, Socialisation, and Identity. These findings are contextualised within Italian society, with an emphasis on gender roles and stereotypes, which have shaped the experiences of Italian women over the past two decades. Given the breadth of data collected, this paper focuses on one key dimension: the perceived experience of personal transformation, which most participants described as leading to the emergence of a “new self.” By examining the different stages of the Italian belly dancers’ journeys, this paper aims to explore how gendered social structures in the Italian context are embodied by practitioners, shaping their learning and performing as a journey of self-discovery.
Johnson & Johnson Uses Advanced Analytics to Optimize Gaylord Building and Truck Loading for Outbound Container Shipments
Authors: Umang Nitish , Balcavage Thomas , Jee Jefferson , Kumtakar Riddhesh Nitin , Dahal Prem Raj , Simko Angela , Bode James Oduntan
Published: January 2025

This paper describes the implementation and deployment of LoadMax, an advanced web-based decision aid tool designed to optimize the loading and packing of outbound shipment containers at a major Johnson & Johnson distribution site. The LoadMax tool leverages advanced algorithms to balance computational complexity with solution accuracy, enabling the generation of efficient 3D loading plans for daily shipment operations.
Práticas Psicológicas em Instituições Prisionais Mistas: Um Relato de Experiência
Authors: Figueiredo Ana Cristina Costa
Published: January 2025

Este relato de experiência objetiva apresentar as minhas vivências, a partir da atuação como psicóloga em dois presídios mistos mineiros, trazendo reflexões sobre as práticas psicológicas no contexto prisional. Por meio da articulação entre as minhas experiências e os aspectos teóricos baseados na criminologia crítica, foram descritos os seguintes desafios para a Psicologia enquanto ciência e profissão nas instituições prisionais: a confrontação com a realidade do ambiente carcerário; o conhecimento profundo e complexificado das vidas encarceradas; as carências na formação profissional dos(as) psicólogos(as) e a ausência de treinamentos nas instituições prisionais; o posicionamento dos(as) psicólogos(as) perante as díspares expectativas para o seu trabalho; a gestão do trabalho. A despeito das limitações inerentes ao cárcere, apresentaram-se as possibilidades e os efeitos potencializadores da Psicologia nos espaços de privação de liberdade a partir das ações desenvolvidas. Salienta-se o papel dos(as) psicólogos(as) na amenização do sofrimento psíquico e dos efeitos deteriorantes do encarceramento, alicerçado na oferta de estratégias vivificadoras que abranjam a capacidade de criação e resistência, visando a promoção dos direitos e a saúde das pessoas privadas de liberdade. O relato de experiência mostrou-se uma importante ferramenta para as ponderações realizadas, pois abarcou a realidade que atravessa as relações sociais no cárcere.
Análise da Atividade de Psicólogos nas Prisões: Uma Leitura Clínica do Trabalho
Authors: Monteiro Rodrigo Padrini , Miranda e Silva Leonardo de , Vieira Carlos Eduardo Carrusca , Fonseca João César de Freitas , Araújo José Newton Garcia de
Published: January 2025

O presente artigo constitui um relato de pesquisa e aborda a atuação de psicólogos em prisões, considerando a instituição prisional como violadora de direitos humanos fundamentais e como incapaz de contribuir para a integração dos encarcerados à sociedade. Nesse contexto, os psicólogos enfrentam obstáculos ligados à dinâmica da segurança e do punitivismo. A formação insuficiente e as contradições presentes em suas atividades relacionam-se com conflitos identitários e levam, muitas vezes, à burocratização do trabalho, resultando na naturalização das violações dos direitos dos encarcerados. Esta pesquisa, realizada com 30 profissionais da Psicologia, busca compreender os sentidos atribuídos por eles às suas atividades, analisando seus papéis na instituição e suas experiências ao lidarem com indivíduos considerados irrecuperáveis pela sociedade. A coleta de dados envolve análise documental, observação participante, entrevistas individuais semiestruturadas e grupos de discussão. Os resultados destacam a necessidade de espaços coletivos de discussão - qualificada e crítica - sobre a atividade para promover a saúde dos psicólogos, bem como o desenvolvimento do poder de agir e o estabelecimento de alianças externas ao ambiente prisional.
Apresentação às Entrevistas | 60 anos do golpe de 1964
Authors: De Moraes Vieira Beatriz
Published: January 2025

Em 2024, marcando 60 anos do golpe de 1964, a Revista Maracanan homenageia historiadores especialistas no período. Em sua "Seção Especial" convida pesquisadores de diversas universidades para responder a perguntas sobre o legado histórico e historiográfico do golpe, a situação dos arquivos da ditadura, a desmontagem das iniciativas de "Justiça de Transição" pós-2016, e o ensino sobre a ditadura. Também aborda a relação entre o passado ditatorial e a atual militarização no Brasil.
Food for Thought
Authors: McCann Ellie
Published: January 2025

Could the rise of the ‘alternative protein’ industry be the answer to the world’s agricultural crisis?
Wayve Announces First Generative AI Model for Autonomous Driving
Authors: Mccann Ellie
Published: January 2025

Significant amounts of real-world driving data has built a model for autonomous motoring
Accelerating Additive Adoption
Authors: Farish Mike
Published: January 2025

Toyota Racing Development has used 3D printing technology from Stratasys to produce customised components for vehicles competing in the new Toyota GR Cup.
André Citroën: French Automaker Supreme
Authors: Smith Nick
Published: January 2025

Early 20th century industrialist credited with changing the face of automobile manufacturing in France, André Citroën is routinely referred to as the Henry Ford of his country.
Understanding English Achievement Differences Among Undergraduate Students: Influencing Factors and Comparative Insights
Authors: Ngamsom Nattapan , Huttayavilaiphan Rutthaphak
Published: January 2025

This study examines the factors influencing English language achievement among non-English major undergraduate students in Thailand, with a specific focus on the differences between high-achieving and low-achieving learners. Conducted at Rajamangala University of Technology Lanna, this research adopts a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative data from questionnaires and qualitative insights from semi-structured interviews. Three primary influencing factors were identified: student-related factors (e.g., motivation and self-regulated learning), teacher-related factors (e.g., pedagogical practices and teacher-student interactions), and environmental factors (e.g., availability of learning resources). Student motivation and self-regulation emerged as the strongest predictors of success, while teacher-related factors unexpectedly showed a negative influence, suggesting a misalignment between teaching strategies and student needs. Environmental factors, though positively perceived, had a less direct impact on outcomes. Practical implications include enhancing intrinsic motivation, adopting tailored teaching strategies to meet diverse learner needs, and strengthening teacher-student relationships to support low-achieving students. Policymakers are encouraged to address resource disparities and develop targeted interventions to enhance English language proficiency among students.
Learning to Teach AI: Design and Validation of a Questionnaire on Artificial Intelligence Training for Teachers
Authors: Reina-Parrado Manuel , Román-Graván Pedro , Hervás-Gómez Carlos
Published: January 2025

This study aims to design, produce, and validate an information collection instrument to evaluate the opinions of teachers at non-university educational levels on the quality of training in artificial intelligence (AI) applied to education. The questionnaire was structured around five key dimensions: (a) knowledge and previous experience in AI, (b) perception of the benefits and applications of AI in education, (c) AI training, and (d) expectations of the courses and (e) impact on teaching practice. Validation was performed through expert judgment, which ensured the internal validity and reliability of the instrument. Statistical analyses, which included measures of central tendency, dispersion, and internal consistency, yielded a Cronbach's alpha of .953, indicating excellent reliability. The findings reveal a generally positive attitude towards AI in education, emphasizing its potential to personalize learning and improve academic outcomes. However, significant variability in teachers' training experiences underscores the need for more standardized training programs. The validated questionnaire emerges as a reliable tool for future research on teachers' perceptions of AI in educational contexts. From a practical perspective, the validated questionnaire provides a structured framework for assessing teacher training programs in AI, offering valuable insights for improving educational policies and program design. It enables a deeper exploration of educational AI, a field still in its early stages of research and implementation. This tool supports the development of targeted training initiatives, fostering more effective integration of AI into educational practices.
Recent Advances in Managing Ankylosing Spondylitis with Andersson Lesion: A Clinical Overview and Case Report
Authors:   Department of Orthopaedics, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India., Kumar Akshay J , Sathiyaseelan Naveen ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India., Vinodh J Benjamin ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India., Vignesh Arun ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India., Rathi Nitesh Kumar ,   Department of Orthopaedics, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that primarily affects the spine and sacroiliac joints, leading to pain, stiffness, and progressive thoracolumbar kyphotic deformity. A key complication in advanced AS is the development of Andersson lesions (AL), degenerative vertebral lesions resulting from the disease’s progression. These lesions can cause significant mechanical pain, often mistaken for the chronic discomfort associated with AS. The exact cause of AL remains unclear, with hypotheses ranging from spinal stress fractures to delays in the ankylosing process. Understanding AL’s pathophysiology is essential for timely diagnosis and effective management.

Case Report: A 52-year-old male presented with a 20-year history of diffuse abdominal pain, later developing insidious lower back pain over the past 2 months. The pain was aggravated by walking and prolonged standing. Physical examination revealed tenderness in the D11 region of the spine, with limited chest expansion and positive findings on the modified Schober’s test. Radiographic studies showed irregularities and erosions at the D11-D12 vertebral levels, and magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the presence of an AL associated with asymmetrical bilateral sacroiliitis. The patient tested positive for human leukocyte antigen-B27, supporting a diagnosis of AS with an AL. Medical management, including methotrexate, sulfasalazine, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and corticosteroids, led to significant pain reduction and improved mobility. The patient’s condition remained stable with continued treatment over a 2-year follow-up period.

Conclusion: AL s are chronic, often overlooked complications of AS that can lead to spinal instability and neurological deficits if untreated. Early recognition and management are critical to preventing progressive kyphotic deformities and associated complications. While conservative treatment remains the cornerstone for managing AL, surgical intervention may be required in cases of severe pain, deformity, or neurological involvement. Understanding AL’s presentation and treatment options is vital for improving patient outcomes in AS.

Keywords: Ankylosing spondylitis, Andersson lesion, spine, human leukocyte antigen B-27.
Ridge estimation-based vision and laser ranging fusion localization method for UAVs
Authors: Huang Huayu , Chen Chen , Guan Banglei , Tan Ze , Shang Yang , Li Zhang , Yu Qifeng
Published: January 2025

Tracking and measuring targets using a variety of sensors mounted on UAVs is an effective means to quickly and accurately locate the target. This paper proposes a fusion localization method based on ridge estimation, combining the advantages of rich scene information from sequential imagery with the high precision of laser ranging to enhance localization accuracy. Under limited conditions such as long distances, small intersection angles, and large inclination angles, the column vectors of the design matrix have serious multicollinearity when using the least squares estimation algorithm. The multicollinearity will lead to ill-conditioned problems, resulting in significant instability and low robustness. Ridge estimation is introduced to mitigate the serious multicollinearity under the condition of limited observation. Experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves higher localization accuracy compared to ground localization algorithms based on single information. Moreover, the introduction of ridge estimation effectively enhances the robustness, particularly under limited observation conditions.
In vitro and in vivo evaluation of Ulva lactuca for wound healing
Authors: Wang Chien-Hsing , Huang Zih-Ting , Tai Kuo-Feng
Published: January 2025

Ulva lactuca (U. lactuca) is an important seaweed species. Some ingredients in this species are thought to accelerate wound healing. However, limited data on the use of seaweed for wound healing exists. This study examined whether ethanol or aqueous extracts of U. lactuca promote antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in vitro and wound healing in vitro and in vivo. Cell proliferation, antioxidation, and migration were observed in NIH3T3 cells treated with U. lactuca extract in vitro. Both U. lactuca extracts were examined for their ability to inhibit inflammatory cytokine synthesis in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. In vivo experiments involved four groups of albino mice (BALB/c; 10 mice per group). One 1.0 cm2 wound was created via excision of full-thickness skin on the back of all mice. Group I mice were treated topically with the ethanol extract of U. lactuca (25 mg/mL) for 10 d. Group II mice were treated topically with an aqueous extract of U. lactuca (12.5 mg/mL) for 10 d. Group III mice received topical application of phosphate-buffered saline solution. Group IV mice wounds were maintained without treatment. Both extracts considerably increased fibroblast proliferation. The antioxidant activity of the U. lactuca extract was determined using a total antioxidant capacity assay. Both extracts inhibited the release of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) from LPS-mediated inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells. These extracts also upregulated the expression of Th2 cytokines such as transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) and interleukin 10 (IL-10) in RAW 264.7 cells under pro-inflammatory conditions. Both extracts enhanced the migratory ability of NIH3T3 cells. U. lactuca ethanol extract enhances wound healing properties in vivo. These results suggest that bioactive compounds derived from U. lactuca extract are beneficial for wound healing and anti-inflammatory therapies.
An implementation trial to mAnage siCkle CELl disEase through incReased AdopTion of hydroxyurEa in Nigeria (ACCELERATE): Study protocol
Authors: Peprah Emmanuel , Gyamfi Joyce , Patena John , Kayalioglu Hazal , Hameed Tania , Ogedegbe Gbenga , Do Hyungrok , Ojji Dike , Adenikinju Deborah , Ajaye Oba Tayo , Nwegbu Maxwell , Isa Hezekiah , Shedul Grace , Sopekan Alayo Y. , Nnodu Obiageli E.
Published: January 2025

Background

Despite the proven efficacy of evidence-based healthcare interventions in reducing adverse outcomes and mortality associated with Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), a vast majority of affected individuals in Africa remain deprived of such care. Hydroxyurea (HU) utilization among SCD patients in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) stands at less than 1%, while in Nigeria, approximately 13% of patients benefit from HU therapy. To enhance HU utilization, targeted implementation strategies addressing provider-level barriers are imperative. Existing evidence underscores the significance of addressing barriers such as inadequate healthcare worker training to improve HU adoption. The ACCELERATE study aims to evaluate the adoption of HU among providers through the Screen, Initiate, and Maintain (SIM) intervention, facilitated by healthcare worker training, clinical reminders, and task-sharing strategies, thereby enhancing patient-level SCD management in Nigeria.

Methods

This study will implement the SIM intervention, encompassing patient screening, initiation of HU treatment, and maintenance of dosage, which will be implemented via the TAsk-Strengthening Strategy for Hemoglobinopathies (TASSH TCP), derived from our team’s TAsk-Strengthening Strategy for Hypertension control (TASSH) trials. Employing a sequential exploratory mixed-methods approach within the Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, and Sustainment (EPIS) framework, this study will assess SIM adoption by providers in Nigeria. The primary outcome is the rate of SIM adoption at clinical sites at 12 months, with secondary outcomes including sustainability/maintenance of SIM intervention and implementation fidelity.

Discussion

This study’s findings will offer crucial insights into effective SCD management strategies, leveraging existing SCD clinical networks and resources in Nigeria to enhance HU adoption among providers in a scalable and sustainable manner. Additionally, the study will inform best practices for implementing HU therapy in resource-constrained settings, benefiting healthcare providers, policymakers, and stakeholders invested in improving SCD care delivery.

Trial registration

NCT06318143.
Detection and recognition of foreign objects in Pu-erh Sun-dried green tea using an improved YOLOv8 based on deep learning
Authors: Wang Houqiao , Guo Xiaoxue , Zhang Shihao , Li Gongming , Zhao Qiang , Wang Zejun
Published: January 2025

The quality and safety of tea food production is of paramount importance. In traditional processing techniques, there is a risk of small foreign objects being mixed into Pu-erh sun-dried green tea, which directly affects the quality and safety of the food. To rapidly detect and accurately identify these small foreign objects in Pu-erh sun-dried green tea, this study proposes an improved YOLOv8 network model for foreign object detection. The method employs an MPDIoU optimized loss function to enhance target detection performance, thereby increasing the model’s precision in targeting. It incorporates the EfficientDet high-efficiency target detection network architecture module, which utilizes compound scale-centered anchor boxes and an adaptive feature pyramid to achieve efficient detection of targets of various sizes. The BiFormer bidirectional attention mechanism is introduced, allowing the model to consider both forward and backward dependencies in sequence data, significantly enhancing the model’s understanding of the context of targets in images. The model is further integrated with sliced auxiliary super-inference technology and YOLOv8, which subdivides the image and conducts in-depth analysis of local features, significantly improving the model’s recognition accuracy and robustness for small targets and multi-scale objects. Experimental results demonstrate that, compared to the original YOLOv8 model, the improved model has seen increases of 4.50% in Precision, 5.30% in Recall, 3.63% in mAP, and 4.9% in F1 score. When compared with the YOLOv7, YOLOv5, Faster-RCNN, and SSD network models, its accuracy has improved by 3.92%, 7.26%, 14.03%, and 11.30%, respectively. This research provides new technological means for the intelligent transformation of automated color sorters, foreign object detection equipment, and intelligent sorting systems in the high-quality production of Yunnan Pu-erh sun-dried green tea. It also provides strong technical support for the automation and intelligent development of the tea industry.
Evaluation of keratometric and total corneal astigmatism measurements from optical biometers and anterior segment tomographers and mapping to reconstructed corneal astigmatism vector components
Authors: Langenbucher Achim , Szentmáry Nóra , Cayless Alan , Hoffmann Peter , Wendelstein Jascha , Pantanelli Seth
Published: January 2025

Purpose

To investigate different measures for corneal astigmatism in the context of reconstructed corneal astigmatism (recCP) as required to correct the pseudophakic eye, and to derive prediction models to map measured corneal astigmatism to recCP.

Methods

Retrospective single centre study of 509 eyes of 509 cataract patients with monofocal (MX60P) IOL. Corneal power measured with the IOLMaster 700 keratometry (IOLMK), and Galilei G4 keratometry (GK), total corneal power (TCP2), and Alpin’s integrated front (CorT) and total corneal power (CorTTP). Feedforward shallow neural network (NET) and linear regression (REG) prediction models were derived to map the measured C0 and C45 power vector components to the respective recCP components.

Results

Both the NET and REG models showed superior performance compared to a constant model correcting the centroid error. The mean squared prediction errors for the NET/REG models were: 0.21/0.33 dpt for IOLMK, 0.23/0.36 dpt for GK, 0.24/0.35 for TCP2, 0.23/0.39 dpt for CorT and 0.22/0.36 dpt for CorTTP respectively (training data) and 0.27/0.37 dpt for IOLMK, 0.26/0.37 dpt for GK, 0.38/0.42 dpt for TCP2, 0.35/0.36 dpt for CorT, and 0.44/0.45 dpt for CorTTP respectively on the test data. Crossvalidation with model optimisation on the training (and validation) data and performance check on the test data showed a slight overfitting especially with the NET models.

Conclusions

Measurement modalities for corneal astigmatism do not yield consistent results. On training data the NET models performed systematically better, but on the test data REG showed similar performance to NET with the advantage of easier implementation.