bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tomographic characteristics of thick corneas
Authors: Yu Junjie , Xu Ye , Wang Xiaoying , Qian Yishan
Published: February 2024

Purpose: To investigate the tomographic characteristics of corneas with excessive thickness and to explore their potential impact on the assessment of candidates for refractive surgery.
Methods: One hundred and two eyes from 102 patients with the thinnest pachymetry (TP) < 500 μm, 100 eyes from 100 patients with TP ranging from 500 to 580 μm, and 102 eyes from 102 subjects with TP ≥ 580 μm were included. Pentacam ectasia indices were compared among these different groups.
Results: When compared to eyes with TP between 500 and 580 μm, significantly higher values in anterior radius of curvature (ARC), anterior corneal astigmatism (KAp), back elevation at the thinnest pachymetry (BE), deviation ofnormality of the back elevation (Db), and a more negative Q value for the back surface (Qback) were observed in eyes with TP ≥ 580 μm (Mann-Whitney U test: P<0.001). No significant differences were observed in the indices for the anterior cornea (Mann-Whitney U test: index of height decentration, P=0.348; inferior-superior value, P=0.334; keratoconus percentage index, P=0.077; deviation of normality of the front elevation, P=0.891). The proportion of abnormalities was highest in eyes with TP ≥ 580 μm for BE (16.7%, Chi-square test: P<0.001) and Db (20.6%, Chi-square test: P=0.001).
Conclusions: The tomography of thick corneas reveals greater BE and Db,as well as a more negative Qback while no significant disparities emerged in the anterior corneal indices.
Improved software program for finding the series and parallel resistances of the photovoltaic cell single diode equivalent circuit model based on the Newton-Raphson method
Authors: Adak Suleyman , Cangi Hasan , Arifoglu Ugur
Published: February 2024

The search for high efficiency and accurate modeling in the analysis of photovoltaic (PV) cells has necessitated the development of special software programs. This software focuses on determining series and parallel resistances in the equivalent circuit of photovoltaic cells. Accurate modeling of these resistors is of great importance to understand and optimize the performance of PV cells under different operating conditions. Software programs use advanced algorithms and simulation techniques to extract and measure the series and parallel resistances associated with the equivalent circuit of the PV cell. It provides a comprehensive and realistic representation of cell behavior, taking into account factors such as temperature changes, irradiance levels and material properties. Researchers and engineers can use this software program to analyze the impact of series and parallel resistances on the overall performance of PV cells, making the analysis of solar panels easier. This software program can contribute to ongoing efforts in improving the accuracy of PV cell modeling and analyzing the efficiency of solar energy conversion systems. Newton-Raphson, Genetic Algorithms, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) etc. are used to predict and analyze the series and parallel resistances in the PV cell single diode equivalent circuit. methods are used. In this study, the Newton-Raphson method was used in the analysis process. The software program prepared in MATLAB and given in Appendix –A- was used to find the PV cell equivalent circuit series and parallel resistances.
Resource allocation with consideration for modulation order for multiuser systems via integer optimizations
Authors: Ding Yanwu , Tu Yirong
Published: February 2024

In multiuser communication systems, it is required to support high data rate applications with guaranteed quality of service~(QoS) which is generally characterized by the channel capacity or target data rate. It is desirable to characterize the QoS requirement by both the target data rate and error tolerance for each user. Given the QoS requirements, the optimal resource allocations for the power and bandwidth are related to the modulation orders for the transmitted symbols. In this paper, various optimization problems are formulated to maximum the number of users or to minimize the power/bandwidth/montary cost, subject to different constrains on user priorities and QoS requirements. The modulation order aware solutions are obtained for each user by solving constrained integer optimization problems.
Whole genome sequence analysis and characterization of lytic bacteriophages against antimicrobial-resistant diarrheagenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from various sources in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Authors: Sada Tamirat Salile , Alemayehu Dawit Hailu , Tafese Kalkidan Melaku , Tessema Tesfaye Sisay
Published: February 2024

The emergence of antibiotic resistance in E. coli strains has sparked a fervent investigation of alternative therapies such as the use of lytic bacteriophages. Phage whole genome sequencing is a novel method for learning more about proteins and other biomolecules encoded by phages, particularly phage lytic enzymes that are crucial to the lysis of bacterial cells. Seven potential lytic E. coli phages; EH-B-A (A1), EP-M-A, EP-B-K (E2), EI-SP-GF, ET-SD-TH, and ST-TK isolated from activated dairy farm sludges, Rivers, and hospital liquid waste were described. For sequencing, an Illumina NextSeq 550 sequencer was used. The virus nucleotide collection (nr/nt) (taxid:10239) was used to evaluate the whole genome sequences. Phylogenetic analysis was done using MEGA11 software. Genome sequencing revealed that each bacteriophage contains a linear double-stranded DNA genome. Phage isolates were taxonomically identified as 4 (57%) Myoviridae and 3 (43%) Siphoviridae phages. Phage genome length varied from 24264 to 143,710 bp, and their GC contents ranged from 43 to 54%. 33–218 CDSs (coding sequences) in total were predicted, with 19–77% of CDSs encoding functional proteins. All phages lacked tRNA in their genomes, except for EI-SP-GF, which possessed five tRNAs. Based on phylogenetic tree analysis, the phage isolates were related to Enterobacteria and E. coli phage sequences in the database. Screening did not show any genes encoding for a CRISPR-like system, virulence, antibiotic resistance, or lysogeny. Because of their stringent lytic nature, these phage isolates may be applied in the future to treat E. coli infections. This study may provide some primary data for the development of phage control techniques and advance our understanding of the genetic composition of E. coli phages.
Dedollarization and market efficiency: A trade arbitrage perspective in the BRICS and WAEMU nations
Authors: Chunga Joseph Paul , Ping YU
Published: February 2024

This paper appraises the dedollarization and market efficiency of BRICS and WAEMU nations with due reference to the trade arbitrage perspective. Using daily policy rates, spot rates and forward rates from January 2015 to March 2023, the study uses a trio approach: Hurst exponent analysis vis-à-vis sentimental analysis, FRUH analysis and CIP analysis. Hurst exponent analysis reveals that all currencies have long memory tendencies for both rolling windows (2015-2019; 2019-2023), thus contradicting weak-form efficiency. However, the Chinese Yuan, Russian Rubble, and South African Rand exhibit deteriorating levels of efficiency as the Hurst exponent increases between the two periods. This finding is complemented by the sentimental analysis, which shows that, on average, the second rolling window has an increased positive sentiment level toward the emergence of a new reserve currency. Integrating the trajectory of returns on the Yuan against the sentiment score trend yields interesting results, as it shows a trail thus underpinning Yuanization. Employing the FRUH and CIP analyses as robustness checks yields similar results for long decay in arbitrage opportunities, as the coefficients and deviations significantly depart from the 1:1 threshold.
The Role of Green Finance in Promoting High Quality Economy: A Case Study of Yangtze River Economic Belt
Authors: Jun Liu , Chunyan Tao
Published: February 2024

China has shifted into a stage of high-quality development, and there is a long way to achieve sustainable development. This article uses a coupling coordination degree model to quantitatively analyze green finance and high-quality development, two subsystems in Yangtze River Economic Belt in China, and measure the level of coordinated development between the two subsystems from 2012 to 2019. The following results were obtained: (1) green finance in the Yangtze River Economic Belt has promoted industrial green development, and high-quality economic development has significantly fed back green finance, achieving a Good Coordination Coupling between the two; (2) green finance plays an oriented role in green industrial layout and regional green technology innovation and entrepreneurship, and high-quality development helps financial institutions innovate green financial products; (3) green finance has a significant effect on high-quality economy of upstream regions to form a regional cooperation mechanism, and green industries develop rapidly, as their coupling coordination has increased the most dramatically since 2012. This article can provide policy recommendations for provincial governments in various regions, help identify favorable factors for coordinated development, and improve the role of some influencing factors in a targeted manner, thereby strengthening the role of green finance in regional green technology innovation and entrepreneurship, and ultimately achieving sustainable development.
Spatial averaging effects in adverse pressure gradient turbulent boundary layers
Authors: Mallor Fermin , Örlü Ramis , Schlatter Philipp
Published: February 2024

Thermal anemometry sensors for time-resolved velocity measurements average the measured signal over the length of their sensor, thereby attenuating fluctuations stemming from scales smaller than the wire length. Several compensation methods have emerged for wall turbulence, the most prominent ones relying on the small-scale universality in canonical flows or on the reconstruction based on two attenuated variance profiles obtained with sensors of different length. To extend these methods to non-canonical flows, the present work considers various adverse-pressure gradient (APG) turbulent boundary layer (TBL) flows in order to explore how the small-scale energy is affected in the inner and outer layer and how the two prominent correction methods perform as function of wall-distance, wire length and flow condition. Our findings show that the increased levels of small-scale energy in the inner, but also outer layer associated with APG TBLs reduces the applicability of empirical methods based on the universality of small-scale energy. On the other hand, a correction based on the relationship between the spanwise Taylor microscale and the two-point streamwise velocity correlation function, is able to correct the attenuated profiles of non-canonical cases. Combining the strength of both methods, a composite profile for the spanwise Taylor microscale is suggested, which then is used for the correction of probe-length attenuation effects across a multitude of flow conditions.
Kinetic equations and non-equilibrium dynamics of magnons and charge-density waves
Authors:   , Hahn Viktor
Published: February 2024

In this work I investigate two different systems - spin systems and charge-density-waves. The same theoretical method is used to investigate both types of system. My investigations are motivated by experimental investigations and the goal is to describe the experimental results theoretically. For this purpose I formulate kinetic equations starting from the microscopical dynamics of the systems. First of all, a method is formulated to derive the kinetic equations diagrammatically. Within this method an expansion in equal-time connected correlation functions is carried out. The generating functional of connected correlations is employed to derive the method. The first system to be investigated is a thin stripe of the magnetic insulator yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG). Magnons are pumped parametrically with an external microwave field. The motivation of my theoretical investigations is to explain the experimental observations. In a small parameter range close to the confluence field strength where confluence processes of two parametrically pumped magnons with the same wave vector becomes kinematically possible the efficiency of the pumping is reduced or enhanced depending on the pumping field strength. Because it is expected that that confluence and splitting processes of magnons are essential for the experimental observations I go beyond the kinetic theories that are conventionally applied in the context of parametric excitations in YIG and investigate the influence of cubic vertices on the parametric instability of magnons in YIG. Furthermore, the influence of phonons is investigated. Usually in the literature these are taken into account as heat bath. Here, I want to explain experiments where an accumulation of magnetoelastic bosons - magnon-phonon-quasi-particles - has been observed. I employ the method of kinetic equations to investigate this phenomenon theoretically. The kinetic theory is able to reproduce the experimental observations and it is shown that the accumulation of magnetoelastic bosons is purely incoherent. Finally, charge-density waves (CDW) in quasi-one-dimensional materials will be investigated. Charge-density waves emerge from a Peierls-instability and are a prime example for spontaneous symmetry breaking in solids. Again, the motivation for my theoretical investigations are an experiment where the spectrum of amplitude and phase phonon modes has been measured. Starting from the Fröhlich-Hamiltonian I derive kinetic equations and from these kinetic equations the equations of motion for the CDW order parameter can be derived. The frequencies and damping rates of amplitude and phase phonon modes will be derived from the linearized equations of motion. I compare my theory with existing methods. Furthermore, I also investigate the influence of Coulomb interaction.
Partially Substituting Top-light with Intracanopy Light Increases Yield More at Higher LED Light Intensities
Authors: Schouten Ingeborg , Hawley Dave , Olschowski Sebastian , Ouzounis Theoharis , Kerstens Tijmen N. , Gianneas Theodoros , Ludovico João , Marcelis Leo F.M. , Heuvelink Ep
Published: February 2024

This study compared supplemental white light-emitting diode (LED) light provided on top of the canopy (top-light) or partially on top and partially as intracanopy light (ICL) in high-wire cucumber (Cucumis sativus) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) crops. The aim was to determine the effects of partially substituting top-light by ICL on fruit yield and its underlying yield components. For each crop, three replicate Venlo glasshouse compartments were used. Two cucumber (HiPower and Skyson) and two tomato cultivars (Brioso and Merlice) were planted in the second half of Oct 2020 and grown on stone wool for a period of 15 weeks (cucumber) or 20 weeks (tomato). Light was supplied at either a light intensity of 250 or 375 µmol⋅m−2⋅s−1, provided either as 100% top-light or as 67% (2/3) top-light and 33% (1/3) ICL. For cucumber at the higher light intensity, 50% more fruits were retained and for tomato at the higher light intensity, planting density was 50% higher to keep the plants balanced in terms of source-to-sink ratio. Substituting 33% of top-light with ICL resulted on average in an increase of 17% in fresh fruit yield for both cucumber and tomato. This increase was twice as high at the higher light intensity (20% to 24%) compared with the lower light intensity (10% to 12%). For both cucumber and tomato, the higher yield for ICL treatments resulted mainly from higher total plant dry weight, whereas partitioning to the fruits was hardly affected. For both crops, the higher plant dry weight resulted from a higher light use efficiency. Increasing light intensity from 250 to 375 µmol⋅m−2⋅s−1 resulted in 38% higher total daily light integral (including solar radiation) and 36% to 37% higher total plant dry weight in cucumber. In tomato, the higher light intensity resulted in 33% higher daily light integral and 36% to 40% total plant dry weight. These values are in agreement with the rule of thumb that 1% increment in light results in 1% increase in plant growth. For cucumber, partially substituting top-light by ICL as well as increasing light intensity resulted in longer and greener fruits, whereas tomato fruit quality (Brix, pH) was unaffected by ICL or light intensity. In conclusion, partially substituting top-light by intracanopy light increased fruit yield and this was even more so at higher than at lower supplemental light intensities.
Sulfur Supplementation Enhanced the Growth and Photosynthesis of Lettuce in Hydroponic Production Using One-bag Complete Fertilizer
Authors: Kong Yuyao , Zhu Yilin , Kang Seonghwan , Zhen Shuyang
Published: February 2024

Sulfur (S) is an essential plant nutrient that regulates plant growth and metabolism. However, S is often absent from certain one-bag hydroponic fertilizers designed to provide a complete and balanced mixture of nutrients. We quantified the effects of S supplementation on the growth, morphology, and photosynthesis of lettuce grown in a deep-water culture hydroponic system. Two lettuce (Lactuca sativa) cultivars, green butterhead Rex and red oakleaf Rouxai, were grown using a prepackaged fertilizer specially formulated for reverse osmosis (RO) and other low-alkalinity water sources. The base nutrient solution was mixed using Jack’s FeED 12–4–16 fertilizer and RO water at a nitrogen concentration of 100 mg⋅L−1 (control). Three S supplementation treatments were implemented over a 4-week production period: 10 mg⋅L−1 supplemental S (provided using MgSO4); 20 mg⋅L−1 supplemental S (MgSO4); and a treatment using H2SO4 (instead of nitric acid) for pH adjustment. In both lettuce cultivars, shoot fresh and dry mass, total leaf area, leaf photosynthetic rate, total chlorophyll content, and leaf S concentration with all three S supplementation treatments increased significantly compared with those of the control. In contrast, the ratio of shoot dry mass to fresh mass, root dry mass, and percentage of root dry mass (i.e., root dry mass/total shoot and root mass) were significantly higher with the control treatment. Notably, ‘Rouxai’ lettuce grown in the control treatment had intense red coloration with a 216.6% to 288.9% increase in the anthocyanin index. There were no statistical differences in any of the growth and morphological parameters among the three S supplementation treatments. Overall, we observed significantly enhanced lettuce growth and photosynthetic performance with S supplementation, resulting in a 144.0% to 215.9% increase in shoot fresh mass in the two cultivars compared with the control. Thus, we recommend that at least 10 mg⋅L−1 of S should be supplemented when growing lettuce hydroponically to ensure optimal plant growth, especially when S is absent or low in the fertilizer and water source.
Unhealthy Snacking Habits are Prevalent Among Elementary School Students
Authors: Matondang Riana Jogi Ahdareni , Yuliaty Maria
Published: February 2024

Development Index (HDI) showing a noteworthy increase in 2018. This progress is a promising sign for Indonesia's future, placing it in the high human development category. The focus of the report is on child welfare and health services, emphasizing the significance of adequate nutrition for proper growth and development. The report highlights the challenges parents face in providing their children with nutritious food due to their busy schedules, which often results in children buying unhealthy snacks at school. The 2019 Annual Report of the Food and Drug Supervisory Agency (BPOM) raises concerns regarding the quality of School Children's Snack Food (PJAS). A significant portion of these snacks did not meet the required standards and were found to be high in sugar, salt, and fat. These unhealthy snacks pose a risk to children's health, leading to health issues such as obesity, diabetes, and hypertension. Moreover, the report notes that poor nutrition not only affects children's health but also their academic performance. By using qualitative research, this report aims to describe the social condition and its impact on the unhealthy snacks habit in school. This report highlights the critical role proper nutrition plays in children's health and academic performance. It underscores the need for parents and schools to work together to provide healthy and nutritious food options for children. Furthermore, the report suggests that schools can play a pivotal role in promoting healthy eating habits by educating children about the importance of proper nutrition and offering healthy food options.
Exchange Rate Pass-Through to Domestic Inflation in Ghana
Authors: Effah-Mensah David , Essiam Ebenezer
Published: February 2024

The current study estimates the exchange rate pass-through on domestic prices from January 2013 to December 2018, using a recursive vector autoregressive model (VAR). Applying Cholesky decomposition to the model, six variables were ordered as follows: oil prices, output gap, exchange rate, import prices, overall inflation and Treasury bill rate with an assumption that the identified shocks contemporaneously impact variables which are ordered after the shock without any contemporaneous feedback. We find evidence of incomplete exchange rate pass-through to domestic prices. Thus, domestic price changes by 9.6 percent in the first three months following an exchange rate shock and the shock dies out after a year with a total pass-through effect of 10.7 percent. We also find that, exchange rate effect is more pronounced for the imported prices than the overall inflation, suggesting some moderation of pass-through effect in domestic price dynamics.
Plasma atherogenic index and triglyceride-glucose index for identifying the cardiovascular risk in women with normal biochemical and anthropometric parameters
Authors: Pinheiro Tatiane Dräger Dal Ponte , da Silva Brenda , Mayer Mariana Spanamberg , Salazar Rodrigo Fernando dos Santos , Parisi Mariana Migliorini , Azzolin Gabriela Bonfanti
Published: February 2024

Women have a specific hormonal risk associated with contraception, pregnancy and menopause, in addition to more risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD); and rapid, non-invasive, low-cost cardiovascular risk prediction tools can streamline the identification and prevention of CVD. Objective of the study to evaluate the risk of developing CVD in adult women using cardiometabolic indices such as plasma atherogenic index (AIP) and triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index for insulin resistance. This is an observational, cross-sectional and retrospective study. Data on the metabolic, clinical and anthropometric profile of adult women were analyzed and used for risk stratification of developing CVD through the use of TyG and AIP indices. Of the participating women (n = 60, 28.55 ± 8.30 years), 50% women had an increased risk according to AIP despite having normolipidemia, normoglycemia, and normal BMI. Also, they had higher TyG index values. Further, the correlations of TyG and AIP with biometric and lipid parameters were associated with metabolic syndrome. AIP and TyG index can identify the risk of developing CVD, even in the presence of normal anthropometric and biochemical parameters.
Comparative analysis of the protein content and nutritional label of whey protein, plant-based, and animal proteins supplements
Authors: Velloso Fabris Lívia , Moreira dos Santos Leonardo , Potrick Stefani Giuseppe
Published: February 2024

The consumption of protein supplements is increasingly part of the everyday life of adults in general and is associated with a healthier lifestyle. However, a constant lack of commitment to the quality of these products by companies poses risks to consumers’ health. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the protein content and compare it with the nutrition label of different protein supplements. This is an analytical original investigation. It was verified whether the food supplements comply with the label presented through food analysis (Kjeldahl method, ash content and moisture percentage) of the composition of various national and international brands (n=51). A total of 51 different protein-based supplements sold in Brazil were analyzed. The results showed that the protein values advertised on the nutritional label are similar to what the product has (P value > 0,05) and are within the 20% tolerance limit according to the current law. Also, there are similarities between different types of products (P value > 0,05) regarding their ash and water content. In conclusion, the nutrition facts of protein supplements reflect the reality of the bran of these products.
Optimal path for automated pedestrian detection: image deblurring algorithm based on generative adversarial network
Authors: Dong Xiujuan , Lan Jianping
Published: February 2024

The pedestrian detection technology of automated driving is also facing some challenges. Aiming at the problem of specific target deblurring in the image, this research built a pedestrian detection deblurring model in view of Generative adversarial network and multi-scale convolution. First, it designs an image deblurring algorithm in view of Generative adversarial network. Then, on the basis of image deblurring, a pedestrian deblurring algorithm in view of multi-scale convolution is designed to focus on deblurring the pedestrians in the image. The outcomes showcase that the peak signal to noise ratio and structural similarity index of the image deblurring algorithm in view of the Generative adversarial network are the highest, which are 29.7 dB and 0.943 dB respectively, and the operation time is the shortest, which is 0.50 s. The pedestrian deblurring algorithm in view of multi-scale convolution has the highest peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and structural similarity indicators in the HIDE test set and GoPro dataset, with 29.4 dB and 0.925 dB, 40.45 dB and 0.992 dB, respectively. The resulting restored image is the clearest and possesses the best visual effect. The enlarged part of the face can reveal more detailed information, and it is the closest to a real clear image. The deblurring effect is not limited to the size of the pedestrians in the image. In summary, the model constructed in this study has good application effects in image deblurring and pedestrian detection, and has a certain promoting effect on the development of autonomous driving technology.
A frost ice formation method of horizontal axis wind turbine blade based on polynomial fitting
Authors: Zhang Renfeng , Wang Xin , Wang Gege
Published: February 2024

In this paper, a new direct calculation method of frost ice shape on the blade surface of horizontal axis wind turbine is proposed. Using linear interpolation algorithm, the airfoil ice shape obtained by LEWICE 2D software or ice wind tunnel experiment was fitted with equidistant step length in the first and fourth quadrants and equidistant step length in the second and third quadrants. The key point coordinates of ice shapes on cross-sections along the span-wise were mapped into lagging and flapping surfaces through the mathematical dimension reduction, respectively. The polynomial fitting was used to deal with ice projection points of multiple sections in lagging and flapping surfaces, and then the blade’s frost ice shape was obtained. By calculating the sum of squared residuals of the polar diameter at the same polar angle, the errors between experimental and airfoil frost shape fitting methods, experimental and FENSAP, and blade frost shape formation methods and FENSAP were analyzed. The results show that the new method is in good agreement with the ice shape of FENSAP simulation results and experimental results. The residual sum of squares is small. This method makes the analysis of frost ice morphology of wind turbine blades do not need to consider interdisciplinary. The calculation process is simple and reliable.
Integration of robotics and automation in supply chain: a comprehensive review
Authors: Mohan Banur Om , Patle B. K. , Pawar Sachin
Published: February 2024

Robotics and automation have developed as key technologies for supply chain management as a result of the increased demand for quicker and more effective supply chains. Robotics and automation improve supply chain management by lowering long-haul expenses, boosting work and usage strength, reducing errors, declining repetitive stock checks, updating orchestrating, taking care of times, and assembling induction to the problematic and hazardous places. Robotics aids in design, creation, etc. Automation helps to do tasks that are often done by people through the use of self-operating physical machines, computer software, and other technology. Despite being widely accepted as a tool to aid in decision-making, supply chain management (SCM) has very seldom used AI and ML. This article investigates several AI and ML sub-fields that are best suited for resolving real-world SCM-related issues in order to fully realize the potential benefits of AI and Ml for SCM. In doing so, this article examines the track record of successful AI and ML applications to supply chain management and highlights the most fruitful SCM domains to apply AI and ML. And also find out the how robotics and automations helps in warehouse management. The most recent developments in robotics and automation for supply chain management are thoroughly reviewed in this paper. We first give a general overview of the difficulties that supply chain management faces before going over the many ways that robotics and automation are used at various points along the supply chain. Additionally, we go over the advantages of robots and automation in supply chain management, including higher efficiency, accuracy, lower costs, and improved safety. Lastly, we discuss some of the present drawbacks and difficulties associated with robots and automation in supply chain management and suggest some possible directions for further investigation.
Development and assessment of a vulnerability index for access to rural drinking water and sanitation services in the semi-arid region of north–central Chile
Authors: Vivanco Castillo Christopher , Núñez Cobo Jorge , Mancilla Escobar Gabriel , Salas Bravo Sonia
Published: February 2024

The present study aimed to develop and assess a vulnerability index for access to rural drinking water and sanitation services, which was applied to 42 Rural Sanitation Services in the Coquimbo Region, Chile. For the development and assessment of the vulnerability index, the construction of composite indicator methodology was employed. An underlying model based on 65 indicators, linked to nine sub-pillars and three pillars, was established. In addition, the COINTool software was used for the development and analysis of the composite indicator results. The vulnerability index results showed medium vulnerability at regional and provincial levels, with a greater degree of vulnerability at a commune level. At a Rural Sanitation Services level, 2.4% of the evaluated services presented high vulnerability, 73.8% presented medium vulnerability, and 23.8% presented low vulnerability. The vulnerability index values obtained for the Rural Sanitation Services fluctuated from a minimum value of 32.3% to a maximum value of 64.1%. The significance of the vulnerability indicator developed and assessed lies in its high potential as a tool and/or methodology to monitoring, from a multidimensional perspective, the effectiveness of policies, strategies, and/or actions implemented at the level of Rural Sanitation Services, contributing to strengthened decision-making in vulnerability reduction.
‘Do not forget us’: the shared experiences and needs of people living with incontinence in humanitarian contexts
Authors: Rosato-Scott Claire , Adjorlolo Samuel , Farrington Michelle , Barrington Dani J.
Published: February 2024

The medical condition of incontinence is defined as the involuntary loss of urine or faeces. People may also wet or soil themselves due to not wanting, or not being able, to use the sanitation facilities available (social incontinence). Nascent research conducted in humanitarian contexts has consistently found that the consequences of incontinence are many and overwhelmingly negative. This paper contributes to the growing body of evidence on the lived experiences and needs of people with incontinence in humanitarian settings. It summarises shared learnings from research funded by the Humanitarian Innovation Fund which was conducted in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Ghana, Malawi and Uganda. It also provides practical advice to researchers and humanitarian practitioners on how to better support people with incontinence: recommendations include public education campaigns to change the perception of incontinence; improving water and sanitation facilities by ensuring safe access for all and adapting to support use by all; and a better supply (in terms of quantity and functionality) of non-food items. It concludes with a reminder that as everyone experiences incontinence differently, sufficient time and resources must be allocated to engage with people experiencing incontinence and their caregivers to truly understand how to improve their quality of life.
Evaluating of the environmental risks of natural water sources in the Alkalaa municipal community area – South Lebanon
Authors: Khatib Milad , Hleihel Joseph , Arairo Wahib , Skienhe Hasan , Mortada Hussein
Published: February 2024

Water is considered a fundamental factor, and plays a role in public health and economic growth. Therefore, it should be free of all kinds of microorganisms, and chemical substances that are dangerous to fauna and flora. Insufficient water supply is one of the issues confronting Middle Eastern countries, and Lebanon becomes a typical example. This study aims to evaluate the basic physical, chemical, and microbiological water properties for eight distinct sites, in southeastern Lebanon, identified during the coronavirus pandemic, as the worst economic situation to hit Lebanon began. These tests were carried out by the World Health Organization (WHO). The results were utilized to assess the level of environmental pollution. A comparison was made between the obtained results with other studies: Lebanon southwest and the northwest region of Jordan Valley. The novelty of this study stems from the fact that it is the first to shed light on the degree of pollution level and the lack of environmental education for water conservation and water pollution prevention in this unstudied area, and compares the results locally and regionally. In addition, the obtained results indicate the impact of the Coronavirus on the behavior of the habitants in this region.
Legitimidade e credibilidade nas manifestações de Mulheres em Hollywood e na França
Authors: Dutra Camila Kayssa Targino , Oliveira Lizandra Geovana de Souza , De Aragão Verônica Palmira Salme
Published: February 2024

Publicado em janeiro de 2018, o Manifesto Catherine Deneuve teve grande repercussão no jornalismo internacional, por apresentar críticas às manifestações de mulheres – em sua maioria atrizes – de Hollywood, nas situações que envolveram as denúncias de assédio e abuso sexual. Com base na Análise Semiolinguística do discurso, pretendeu-se identificar de que modo a visada de incitação (CHARAUDEAU, 2004) é utilizada para defender um determinado ponto de vista no Manifesto Catherine Deneuve. Dentre os resultados observados, verificaram-se restrições na troca comunicativa devido à situação de enunciação concernente à legitimidade do Manifesto que defende a manutenção do status quo do patriarcado.
ORDEM DO DISCURSO:
Authors: FÁBIO PEIXOTO DE ARAUJO ANDRADE DA SILVA MARCELO
Published: February 2024

No Brasil, um dos acontecimentos que marcou o ano foram as eleições, em especial, a eleição para o novo presidente. Nesta ordem discursiva em torno das eleições, a Rede Globo lança a campanha “O Brasil que eu quero”, na qual telespectadores de todas as regiões do Brasil deveriam gravar um vídeo curto informando o que esperavam que mudasse no país. Assim, percebemos que alguns vídeos de telespectadores descontentes com algum problema que assola sua cidade/bairro foram silenciados da programação dos telejornais da referida emissora. Nesse interim, alguns desses vídeos silenciados pelos telejornais da Rede Globo ganharam popularidade graças à plataformas digitais como o YouTube.  Dessa maneira, ancorados em alguns postulados do filósofo francês Michel Foucault, dentro de uma perspectiva da Análise do Discurso francesa, este trabalho tem por objetivo realizar uma análise discursiva a partir de dois vídeos que foram excluídos da programação oficial da Rede Globo e que “viralizaram” na internet.
A LITERATURA AFRO-BRASILEIRA E O NARRAR INTERNO
Authors: Lima Weberson
Published: February 2024

Este artigo analisa o indicador do “ponto de vista” ou “narrar interno” na literatura afro-brasileira, baseando-se fortemente nos estudos do Professor Eduardo de Assis Duarte, o artigo objetiva a discussão sobre o ponto de vista do homem negro e da mulher negra como sujeito de sua escritura, que constitui assim uma contra narrativa que se legitima na história individual e coletiva da população negra no Brasil. Metodologicamente a pesquisa desenvolveu-se com base em produções bibliográficas de teóricos afro-brasileiros como Eduardo de Assis Duarte (2005, 2013, 2014, 2020), Conceição Evaristo (2005, 2011) e  Cuti  (2010, 2011), perpassando também as obras literárias de quatro importantes precursores da literatura afro-brasileira em um recorte temporal do século XIX  até as primeiras décadas do século XX. Conclui-se ao final do artigo que diante do “narrar interno” do sujeito afro-brasileiro os personagens negros são construídos fora dos estereótipos e estigmas advindos do processo de escravização.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Literatura afro-brasileira. Narrar interno. Escravização. Personagem negro.
Uma reflexão acerca dos estereótipos sobre a África no contexto de ensino de língua estrangeira
Authors: Duarte Heide , Baptista Lívia
Published: February 2024

Em consonância com as premissas de uma Linguística Aplicada moderna e brasileira, em que se faz necessário direcionar o olhar para as relações entre linguagem e vida social, entendemos com esse trabalho que o processo de ensinar e aprender línguas deve levar em consideração a(s) cultura(s) e identidade(s) dos sujeitos envolvidos, dando atenção, assim, às marcas de interculturalidade presentes nessas interações. Sendo assim, neste artigo apresentamos uma análise a respeito dos estereótipos reproduzidos e construídos pelos brasileiros sobre a África e os africanos, em um contexto de ensino e aprendizagem de línguas, em situação de imersão na cidade de Salvador, entre o período de 2017 e 2019, durante o curso de Português como Língua Estrangeira (PLE) do Programa de Proficiência em Língua Estrangeira para Estudantes e Servidores da UFBA (PROFICI). A opção por esse cenário de pesquisa deveu-se à necessidade de uma promoção e reflexão para o ensino de línguas de forma contextualizada e socialmente orientada. Dessa forma, a partir de relatos de experiências de estudantes, buscamos identificar e problematizar a presença desses estereótipos, priorizando como eles se manifestavam nas interações diárias desses alunos africanos e como interferiam nos processos identitários desses sujeitos.
NO "FLOW" DA CORAGEM, FALAR A VERDADE COMO SE UM "RAP:
Authors: Santos Marcelino Gomes dos
Published: February 2024

Este artigo trata da análise da produção discursiva da rapper estadunidense Azealia Banks nainternet, em especial, de suas declarações midiáticas sobre outras pessoas públicas, notadamente,celebridades. Buscamos, neste caminho, problematizar a sua presença enquanto sujeito enunciador nas redessociais, especialmente, suas afirmações sobre outras celebridades contemporâneas, com atenção especial àsmarcas de parresía nos dizeres que a cantora mobiliza sobre outros sujeitos e a eles os endereça, colocandoem jogo suas visões de mundo e opiniões, frequentemente noticiadas pela mídia internacional como sendodeclarações polêmicas; quando, na verdade, trata-se de uma categoria específica de discursos, nomeadamente,discursos de ódio. Para tanto, selecionamos seis matérias jornalísticas de portais de notícias brasileiros eanalisamos os enunciados produzidos e veiculados na mídia a partir das declarações da referida artista, à luzdos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da Análise do Discurso Francesa e dos estudos de Michel Foucault(1992; 1996; 2011) sobre os discursos, a coragem da verdade, a parresía e o sujeito parresiasta. Os resultadosapontam para o fato de que os dizeres de Banks produzem, no nível discursivo, um lugar de sujeito que secoloca em posição supremacista e que se configuram como sendo discursos de ódio. Logo, observamos quesua produção discursiva a aproxima de um sujeito parresiasta, ainda que suas opiniões expressem séries depreconceitos de toda ordem e que devam ser combatidos.
A modalidade volitiva em relatos de quarentena
Authors: Oliveira André Silva
Published: February 2024

Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo descrever e analisar o comportamento da modalidade volitiva como recurso discursivo e estratégia argumentativa no gênero relato pessoal. Para isso, foram selecionados 87 relatos, em língua espanhola, de pessoas em confinamento domiciliar (quarentena). Nesse sentido, recorre-se aos estudos relativos à modalização discursiva e às definições sobre modalidade volitiva, que é um subtipo modal relativo ao que é (in)desejável. Após a análise dos relatos que compuseram o universo desta pesquisa, verificou-se que a necessidade é o operador lógico-semântico mais empregado, cuja polaridade da modalidade volitiva é majoritariamente positiva (volição), ainda que pudesse haver casos de polaridade negativa (nolição). No tocante aos valores modais, constatou-se que a intenção e a optação são os valores mais instaurados, seguidos pela expectação, a desideração e a exortação. Em relação ao domínio modal, há uma maior tendência de subjetivação dos conteúdos modais volitivos, sendo expressos, em sua maioria, por meio de auxiliares modais e verbos de significação plena.
DESCONSTRUINDO AS FAKE NEWS ATRAVÉS DA ANÁLISE DE DISCURSO CRÍTICA
Authors: SILVA THIAGO
Published: February 2024

Este artigo explora a relação entre Análise de Discurso Crítica (ADC) e fake news, que são cada vez mais disseminadas na era digital. As fake news podem ter graves consequências para a sociedade, como influenciar eleições, comprometer a capacidade da sociedade de tomar decisões informadas e erodir a confiança nas instituições e na mídia. A ADC é uma abordagem interdisciplinar que combina teoria crítica, linguística e comunicação para analisar como os discursos são construídos, quem os constrói, com que objetivos e com que efeitos sobre a sociedade. O artigo tem como objetivo apresentar os conceitos de ADC e fake news, discutir como as fake news são disseminadas e os desafios para combatê-las, explorar as contribuições da ADC para o estudo das fake news e identificar as limitações e desafios da aplicação da ADC no contexto das fake news. O artigo emprega uma metodologia baseada em revisão de literatura de trabalhos acadêmicos e publicações científicas para oferecer uma análise crítica e sistemática da pesquisa existente sobre o assunto. O artigo contribui para uma melhor compreensão da relação entre ADC e fake news e oferece insights sobre estratégias mais eficazes para combater esse fenômeno.
O PRECONCEITO CORINTIANO EVIDENCIADO NOS DISCURSOS TELEVISIVOS
Authors: Rodrigues Lucas Andrey , Schulz Rafaela Tristão
Published: February 2024

Resumo: Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar o funcionamento discursivo a partir do que é posto em circulação, em dois programas televisivos, acerca do estereótipo corintiano, a fim de analisar as filiações discursivas. A pesquisa tem como corpus recortes de duas matérias televisavas que tratam sobre acontecimentos desportivos, voltados ao Sport Club Corinthians Paulista, de modo a que, em uma, focada na questão esportiva e outra voltada ao jornalismo expositivo, ou seja, parte da exposição de uma situação que envolva os adeptos ao clube a partir de alguma situação vivenciada. Para isso, nos atemos ao aporte teórico da Análise de Discurso de linha francesa, fundada por Michel Pêcheux. Para a Análise de Discurso, o discurso jornalístico, como qualquer outro, não se enquadra apenas como um transmissor de informação menos desinteressado, ou seja, os discursos jornalísticos são, também, atravessados pela Ideologia e têm seus sentidos já estabelecidos ideologicamente, afinal são (re)produzidos por sujeitos. Portanto, a partir das sequências discursivas selecionadas e organizadas durante este artigo, analisamos o funcionamento discursivo a fim de evidenciar a regularidade discursiva que rege e cristaliza uma memória social que fere direitos básicos dos adeptos ao Corinthians, colocando em evidência uma formação discursiva preconceituosa.
Apakah inkuiri ilmiah berbasis investigasi kelompok dapat meningkatkan kerja ilmiah dan literasi sains siswa?
Authors: Rubini Bibin , Suhartoyo Haris , Permanasari Anna
Published: February 2024

Materi listrik (utamanya listrik dinamis) di SMP merupakan materi yang tergolong sulit. Kurangnya inovasi guru dalam membelajarkan materi ini merupakan salahsatu faktor penyebabnya. Demikian pula, kurangnya guru melatihkan kerja ilmiah sebagai ciri dari pembelajaran sains menyebabkan pemahaman siswa terhadap sains menjadi kurang bermakna. Dalam proyek ini telah dikembangkan pembelajaran berbasis kerja investigasi untuk membangun kerja ilmiah siswa, dan selanjutnya untuk meningkatkan literasi siswa secara utuh. Penelitian dengan metode kuasi eksperimen ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan satu kelas eksperimen dan satu kelas kontrol yang diasumsikan memiliki homogenitas yang sama. Kerja ilmiah siswa diukur dengan penilaian fortofolio keterampilan proses, menggunakan instrumen lembar observasi dan angket, serta format wawancara/lisan. Literasi sains diukur dengan menggunakan instrumen tes pilihan berganda beralasan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerja investigasi dapat mendorong siswa untuk belajar lebih bermakna dan menyebabkan keterampilan proses siswa terlatih. Lebih lanjut pembelajaran yang mengakomodasi belajar aktif siswa dapat meningkatkan literasi sains siswa. Do scientific inquiry within group investigation enhance scientific work and science literacy of student?AbstractDynamic electricity is one of the difficult topic of science for secondary school student. Lack of teacher innovation and less practicing scientific work to student make the learning is not something awaited and meaningless. The dynamic electricity learning based on group investigation on using scientific inquiry approach has developed to build students’ scientific work skills. By the project, it was also learnt the enhance of students’ science literacy as an impact of the treatment. The quasi experimental methods was used with the control group pre-posttest designed. The two groups of student were used, one group as a control class, and the other group was the experimental class. The two groups were choosen based on the homogenity of learning achievement. The scientific work skills were assessed on using portopolio of students’ process skills (observation sheet, questionaire, and interview). The science literacy was assessed on using multiple choice test elaborated with the description/reason. The research shows that group investigation with scientific inquiry drove student to learn meaningfull and it led to the enhancing of students’ science process skills. Moreover, students’ science literacy can be improved through the active student learning.