bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lessons learned from the co-production of climate services in India, Tanzania and Peru: climate capacity building the EPICC way
Authors: Becker Mechthild , Nocke Thomas
Published: June 2021

EPICC (East Africa Peru India Climate Capacities) is a large interdisciplinary project on the co-production of user-oriented climate services in India, Peru and Tanzania, executed by the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK). It focuses on regional climate and hydrological systems and their interactions with agricultural livelihoods, human migration and security. To bridge the gap between research and its application at various levels of political decision-making or in the private sector, climates services are identified and co-produced with local partners and stakeholders and tailored to their respective needs and priorities.

Capacity building and knowledge transfer are fundamental components of EPICC, with the aim to strengthen resilience against climate impacts. Actions include workshops, seminars and trainings in the partner countries, guest stays at PIK and, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, more and more virtual events. The presentation builds on a rich portfolio of experiences and lessons learned throughout the first project phase (4 years), including an overview of how the team adapted to the new realities in international stakeholder exchange during the pandemic and the challenges that came along with this. The presentation also discusses cultural differences in communication and collaboration the project team has experienced.

As a practical example, the visualization of climate information for Peru, Tanzania and India on the web portal ClimateImpactsOnline / KlimafolgenOnline is presented. Visualization is considered to be a key technology for analysing and communicating climate information in a user-friendly, interactive and accessible way. As a first step, the needs of different types of users of climate information had to be identified, leading to tailor-made visualization solutions for both historic and future climate and climate impacts as well as current year weather conditions compared to historic climatology. In test sessions, the applicability of the visualized information was tested with local experts and feedback was integrated into the visualization portal. The presenters will share the challenges they had to face during the process and how they envision a sustainable use of project results.

The EPICC project is part of the International Climate Initiative (IKI: www.international-climate-initiative.com). The Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU) supports this initiative on the basis of a decision adopted by the German Bundestag. The Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) is leading the execution of the project together with its project partners, the Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) and the Deutscher Wetterdienst (DWD).
Flattening the climate curve
Authors: molina tomas
Published: June 2021

With the arrival of COVID we have learned how to flatten the "pandemic curve" during the past year. Now it is time to finally flatten the global warming, climate change curve.

The scientific knowledge is clear and unequivocal, but we must now strengthen our scientific communication to the general population, to governments, to industry, and to the private sector, to drive changes to our social behaviour as individuals, workers, communities and general society.

We talk a lot about private and public partnership; we need also to include also the scientific community in this cooperation. All of society needs to know and understand the challenges, in order to drive changes in social behaviour that reduce greenhouse gases emissions.
Understanding climate and non-climate decision triggers to minimize Spring rainfall risks in vineyards  
Authors: Vigo Ilaria , Marcos Raul , Graça António , Terrado Marta , González-Reviriego Nube , Christel Isadora , Fontes Natacha , Teixeira Marta , Soret Miravet Albert
Published: June 2021

Climate services have travelled a long way, however, the last mile still has to be covered until climate information can be appropriately integrated in the users’ decision making processes. When is the signal offered by a seasonal forecast useful? How and when can forecasts influence users’ choices? How does the use of the forecasts compare with the methods currently in place? The answer can vary across users and even across decisions that the same user may take.

This work analyses these questions through the decision making process of a wine producer aiming at reducing its exposure to spring rain variability. Spring rain drives risks of fungal disease causing crop loss and increased costs related to plant protection and canopy management. A transdisciplinary approach, including experts from various disciplines and the end user, is used to understand how and when a particular wine producer needs to trigger a decision linked to total Spring rainfall in order to reduce the risk entailed for plant protection and canopy management. Based on close collaboration, we construct a payoff function and simulate the decision driven by the choice of different forecasted probability thresholds and the business-as-usual decision, and we finally compare them to the observation. This exercise is repeated over 23 years to try eliciting the optimal threshold.

The results show that the optimal decision to avoid climate risks is not always a feasible solution, demonstrating that climate is only one of the variables taken into account in the complex decision making context of a business. This highlights the importance of interpreting seasonal forecasts appropriately according to each user's context and understanding how this information will be integrated in the decision processes.  Finally, it calls attention to the importance of co-creation in climate services and the need for extending the collaboration process up to the delivery phase, the so-called last mile.

 
Country-wide CML rainfall estimation and CML-Radar combination in Germany
Authors: Chwala Christian , Winterrath Tanja , Graf Maximilian , Polz Julius , Kunstmann Harald
Published: June 2021

Commercial microwave links (CMLs) have emerged as a valuable source of rainfall information that can complement existing observations. In Germany, we acquire attenuation data from 4000 CMLs with a temporal resolution of one minute. In this contribution we present our results of deriving country-wide rainfall information from these CML data and show the first long-term application of CML data for adjusting the radar rainfall field.

We present results of a large-scale analysis of our country-wide dataset for one full year (Graf et al. 2020) and compare it with the gauge adjusted radar product RADOLAN-RW from the German Weather Service and the climatologically corrected radar product RADKLIM-YW. Our analysis also compares several different methods for processing CML data, including our recent improvements for the separation of dry and rainy periods in noisy CML attenuation time series based on a convolutional neural network (Polz et al. 2020). We show seasonal and diurnal variations of the performance of CML-derived rainfall data. Promising results are achieved year-round except for periods with solid precipitation. Pearson correlations for the comparison of the hourly rainfall sums reach up to 0.7 for summer months.

Furthermore, we present results from using the CML rainfall estimates to adjust radar rainfall fields. We extended the RADOLAN-method for radar-gauge adjustment for this purpose. The path-averaged CML rainfall information is compared to the gridded radar rainfall information at the path-intersecting grids. This information is then used in addition to the adjustments derived from rain gauges. We show first results of an hourly adjustment over several months. We further discuss the envisaged operational system for this application and give an outlook on the potential for radar rainfall field adjustments with higher temporal resolutions.

Graf, M., Chwala, C., Polz, J., and Kunstmann, H.: Rainfall estimation from a German-wide commercial microwave link network: optimized processing and validation for 1 year of data, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 2931–2950, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2931-2020, 2020

Polz, J., Chwala, C., Graf, M., and Kunstmann, H.: Rain event detection in commercial microwave link attenuation data using convolutional neural networks, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 13, 3835–3853, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-3835-2020, 2020
Large-scale heavy precipitation and its link to atmospheric circulation in climate model outputs over central Europe 
Authors: Beranova Romana , Kysely Jan
Published: June 2021

Heavy large-scale precipitation events are associated with large negative impacts on human society, mainly as they may trigger floods and landslides. Therefore, it is important to better understand underlying physical mechanisms leading to extremes and how they are reproduced in climate models.

The present study evaluates ability of current climate models to reproduce relationships between large-scale heavy precipitation and atmospheric circulation over central Europe. We use an ensemble of 32 regional climate model (RCM) simulations with the 0.11° resolution, taken from the Euro-CORDEX project. The statistics are compared for the recent climate simulations (1951-2005) against observations from the E-OBS gridded data set to identify main drawbacks of the RCMs. The large-scale heavy precipitation events are defined as days with at least 50% of all grid points over the examined area with heavy precipitation (exceeding the 75th or 90th percentile of the distribution of seasonal rainy days). The association with atmospheric circulation types is investigated through circulation types derived from sea level pressure using airflow indices (direction, strength and vorticity). The analysis is carried out separately for summer (JJA) and winter (DJF) season.

The number of days with large-scale heavy precipitation per season in observations reflects the seasonal precipitation sums (the larger precipitation sum the more days). In winter, the large-scale heavy precipitation is mainly associated with the west, northwest, southwest and cyclonic circulation types while in summer with the cyclonic, north, southwest and undefined types (in the observed data). Some RCM simulations are not able to reproduce the number of days with the large-scale heavy precipitation events and their relationships with circulation, especially in summer.
Pesonalising weather forecasts using AI techniques
Authors: Stamoulis Dimitrios , Giannopoulos Panos
Published: June 2021

Communicating the scientific data of the weather forecasts to the general public has always been a challenge. Using computer graphics’ visual representations to convey the message to television viewers and through weather apps and websites has certainly helped a lot to popularize the weather forecast consumption by the general public. However, these representations are not information rich since they are abstraction; moreover they are not always very actionable on the receiver side to help one decide how s/he will “live” the forecast weather conditions. Therefore, there is a need to personalize the forecast based on past user experience and personal needs. The forecast has to become more human- and needs-oriented and more focused to the particular requirements of each individual person. The challenge is to move from providing the abstraction of atmospheric information to a real sense of how the weather will "feel" to the individual.

We therefore propose a new co-creation process in which the audience is called on to provide a daily feedback on how they lived the weather conditions personally, so that, “my personal forecast” can be produced making the forecast more actionable on the user side. Preliminary, but more personalized, such attempts include the “feels like” temperature forecasts. To arrive at the “my personal forecast”, AI-based recommender systems need to be applied, using fuzzy logic as the appropriate method for the user to express how s/he actually lived personally lived weather conditions every day. Over time this information can then be used to transform science-based descriptions of weather conditions into a sense of how the weather will be experienced at a personal level.
Fog climatology and stability index for Plovdiv 1991-2018
Authors: Penov Nikolay , Stoycheva Anastasiya , Guerova Guergana
Published: June 2021

Despite the continuous improvement of weather prediction fog diagnosis and forecasting remains a challenge with large economic losses for public services and in particular aviation where the cost of flight delays and rescheduling is estimated to hundreds of million euros per year. Today the operational fog forecasting is mainly done with "in-house" developed tools, which is understandable due to the fog life cycle peculiarity. The aim of this work is to investigate the fog climatology for Plovdiv, Bulgaria for the period 1991 - 2018 and to use it for calculation a threshold value of stability index, which can be implemented as an operational forecast tool. The climatology shows well-defined seasonal behavior of the fog and that the majority of the fog registrations are with horizontal visibility below 200 m. A 10-year moving average of the fog registrations time series shows a decrease after 2012. Stability index values for various visibility ranges are calculated and compared. In the last decade, there are major improvements in horizontal and spatial resolution, microphysics, and initial conditions of the Numerical Weather Prediction models.  However, fog forecasting remains a challenge due to the small scale of the phenomena and local effects, which can remain unresolved by the models. One fog case in January 2013 is selected for numerical weather prediction simulations with the WRF model for the city of Plovdiv. The reliability of the index is evaluated both with observations and model data. It was found that while the index with its site-specific threshold value well describes the fog evolution, the WRF model has large deviations in temperature compared to the observations during daytime.
Future drought episodes over the North of Italy
Authors: Baronetti Alice , Dubreuil Vincent , Provenzale Antonello , Fratianni Simona
Published: June 2021

Droughts are a normal and recurrent climate feature, but they have the greatest consequences, compared to all other natural hazards and can produce severe effects on natural and socioeconomic systems. The northern part of Italy (Po Valley) is historically rich in water resources, and one of the most fertile and productive agricultural areas. Recently drought events increased affecting the hydrological behaviour of the Po river. In fact, since the turn of the century, an increase of the prolongation of the Po river lean period was recorded. In this work near future (2021-2050) and far future (2071-2100) weekly drought events for the Po Plain region, based on 12 daily EURO-CORDEX and MED-CORDEX Regional Climate Models (RCP 4.8 and RCP 8.5) at 12 km2 resolution were identified and mapped. First, the model validation was performed, 10 daily precipitation and temperature series (equally distributed in the plain/hill and mountain sector) were extracted and compared with the corresponding quality-controlled and homogenised gridded data obtained from ground stations. The statistical comparison between reference and candidate series for the control period (1971-2000) was performed using the Co.Temp software for temperature and Co.Rain software for precipitation. Then, on the more reliable models, the bias in the annual mean maximum and minimum temperatures between reference and Euro- and Med-CORDEX simulations was estimated. For precipitation, the ratio between reference and simulations was used. Subsequently, daily values were converted to weekly means and the reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was estimated by means of the Hargreaves ETo equation. Severe and extreme drought episodes were detected by mean of two drought indices (SPI and SPEI) calculated at 12-, 24- and 36- month time scales. Trends were analysed, and the main future drought events were characterised, identifying duration, magnitude and extent. For both RCP scenarios, the results have indicated an intensification of droughts in northern Italy for the period 2021-2050, with the Alpine chain being heavily affected by an increase of drought severity and duration. A North-to-South spatial gradient of drought duration was observed for the far future. This study indicates that at least two different triggering factors influence the characteristics of drought events, and it highlights the importance of using multiple drought indicators.
Evaluating three urban canopy models against in-situ observations for a heat-wave case in Amsterdam
Authors: Willemse Arjan , Martilli Alberto , Heusinkveld Bert , Hartogensis Oscar , Steeneveld Gert-Jan
Published: June 2021

With increasing urbanization and ongoing climate change there is a need to develop and evaluate modelling infrastructure for urban weather and climate. In this study we evaluate three urban canopy models for a heat-wave case study in Amsterdam (The Netherlands), notably the single-layer urban canopy model (SLUCM) and the building environment parameterization (BEP) and the BEP+BEM (BEP+Building Energy model) urban canopy models within the WRF infrastructure. Model results are evaluated against a network of near surface observations of air temperature, turbulent surface fluxes, SODAR wind profiles, and radio soundings of temperature and humidity taken in the city center of Amsterdam.

We find that the BEP+BEM model outperforms the other schemes for the near surface air temperature, with a bias of -0.66 K for BEP+BEM, -1.51 K for BEP and-1.56 K for SLUCM. However, WRF produces an elevated inversion level that, at the same time, is substantially (~ 2-8 K) weaker than observed in the radiosoundings.

To estimate the future increase in energy demand by air conditioning, we project this heatwave case study to the future. To do so, we force the WRF model with increased temperatures in initial and boundary conditions following the four KNMI climate scenarios. With the climate scenario with the largest warming (WH-scenario) we find a 2-m temperature increase of ~3 K during daytime compared to the current climate. Finally we find that for this scenario the energy consumption by air-conditioning increases between 25% and 40% in the city center compared to the current climate (with constant number of airco’s installed).
A methodology to quantify and monitor the impact of environmental restoration using climate data records from satellite observations
Authors: van der Vliet Mendy , de Jeu Richard , Schellekens Jaap , van der Schalie Robin
Published: June 2021

Environmental restoration has the potential to constrain human-induced land degradation, loss of biodiversity and climate change. Although the practise is increasingly integrated into natural resource and climate mitigation strategies, scientific studies underline that the effectiveness and impact of these restoration projects are currently difficult to monitor and assess. In order to measure the global community’s progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), restoration interventions need to be assessed in a systematic and objective manner. However, the long-term and high-quality data records that are required for this are often lacking in both time and space. Satellite data products that can detect changes in land use, surface temperature and hydrological conditions over time in a consistent manner, can fill this gap.

Over the last few decades, the scientific community has made great efforts to merge different satellites into multi-decadal historical datasets of climate variables. Examples of such long-term climate data records (CDRs) are the soil moisture (from 1978 onwards), land surface temperature (since 1995) and land cover (since 2008) datasets of the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative (ESA CCI). These consistent datasets, combined with near real-time observations, offer a great opportunity to quantify and monitor the impact of restoration interventions on degraded landscapes. In order to monitor restoration projects affecting areas smaller than the native resolutions of these datasets (up to approximately 25 km), downscaling techniques can be used to increase the spatial level of detail (approximately in the 0.1-1 km range). The resulting monitoring service could help managers of restoration programs and green investment funds to steer decisions and communicate on effectiveness towards their donors. 

The satellite datasets were investigated in space and time in relation to the effects of the restoration projects. For each restoration project area, several surface conditions were monitored and compared to those in an unaffected control area to detect and attribute the effects of the restoration program. The present work focuses on several case studies in which the relevance of satellite-based CDRs for the end users’ operational practises related to impact monitoring is assessed in the context of the SDGs 12 (Responsible production and consumption), 13 (Life on land) and 15 (Climate action).
Evolution and characteristics of frequency, duration and magnitude of drought events in the central Pyrenees since 1940
Authors: Sigro Javier
Published: June 2021

The central sectors of the Pyrenees have experienced a significant increase in the average and extreme daily temperature during the last 80 years, as well as a downward trend in precipitation totals (Perez-Zanón et al., 2016). This article addresses the evolution of the number, magnitude and duration of drought events in the Spanish Central Pyrenees from 8 decades of temperature and precipitation records integrated into the high-quality Central Pyrenees data set (Perez-Zanón et al., 2016 ), using the Standardised Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) index (Begueria et al., 2014; Vicente-Serrano et al., 2010). Series of monthly mean temperature, monthly maximum temperature, monthly minimum temperature and accumulated monthly precipitation corresponding to 15 quality controlled and homogeneity adjusted meteorological observatories have been used. This index has been calculated for 3, 6, 12 and 24 months, in order to analyse its behaviour ​​for different types of drought.

The analysis of SPEI index series indicates a tendency to increase in the frequency of drought events and in their maximum magnitude in the 4 time scales of the SPEI index analysed, especially since the 1980s. This increase in the number of events is also accompanied by an increase in their duration, especially in the case of SPEI3 and SPEI6, although not in the case of SPEI12 and SPEI24

The spatial patterns calculated from the series of the indices also show a clear east-west pattern differentiated between the index signal for the eastern Pyrenees and the western Pyrenees.

REFERENCES

Beguería, S., Vicente-Serrano, S.M., Fergus Reig, Borja Latorre. Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) revisited (2014): parameter fitting, evapotranspiration models, kernel weighting, tools, datasets and drought monitoring. International Journal of Climatology, 34: 3001-3023

Pérez-Zanón, N., Sigró, J. and Ashcroft, L. (2016), Temperature and precipitation regional climate series over the central Pyrenees during 1910–2013. Int. J. Climatol. DOI:10.1002/joc.4823

Vicente-Serrano S.M., Santiago Beguería, Juan I. López-Moreno, (2010) A Multi-scalar drought index sensitive to global warming: The Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index - SPEI. Journal of Climate 23: 1696-1718.
Assessing model performance by weather regime transitions 
Authors: Steele Christopher , Perryman Ben , Gill Philip , Hughes Teresa
Published: June 2021

Having the ability to stratify a model’s performance by weather type is not only beneficial to a weather forecaster when making decisions, but it is also important for end users, whether they be scientists looking to improve the model, or a customer wishing to know the value of a forecast under a specific set of circumstances.

At the MET Office, Decider is a tool which assigns a dominant weather type to a set of ensemble members, to predict the probability of a weather type occurring. The weather type is chosen from either a set of 30 or 8 sub-types, where a weather type is pre-determined objectively by clustering a 154 year record of sea level pressure anomaly fields.  

There is also a record of daily weather type classifications derived from analysis fields and so information of model performance for these weather types could be invaluable in reducing model error if combined with the predictions from Decider.

Early trials of assessing model performance by weather type revealed that larger errors occur when the weather type persisted for a single day, rather than longer timescales, and so this suggests that it would be beneficial to examine weather type transition periods.

To examine this, we expand the weather type methodology to include multiple time periods. The current methodology uses 12Z analyses to identify the weather type, and so we first assess model performance as a sensitivity study to the analysis time.

Transition days are identified when the weather type changes during a pre-defined validation period, which allows separation into either night/day weather type transitions, or a change in weather type over a full 24-hour period.

We will present early results of this work and demonstrate the impact of model performance when stratifying by regime transitions.
Using probabilistic model data to generate area marine forecasts
Authors: Sharpe Michael , Dodds Thomas , Steele Ruth , Jones Caroline
Published: June 2021

The UK Inshore Waters Forecast predicts wind speeds, sea states, weather conditions and visibilities for marine areas within 12 nautical miles of the UK coast. In addition to the now-common web-based outlets of most public forecast products, this very high profile forecast product is also broadcast by the BBC on national radio and television. It is the enviable task of Operational Meteorologists, based at UK Met Office sites in Exeter and Aberdeen, to issue these forecasts every six hours for the vitally important purpose of protecting lives in the coastal waters surrounding the UK. Currently, the production process involves a marine forecaster comprehensively inspecting deterministic model fields, prior to manual text generation. However, direct utilisation of an ensemble model-based product has the potential to make this task considerably more efficient and possibly make the forecast more accurate.

Raw output from the Met Office Global and Regional Ensemble Prediction System (MOGREPS) is used routinely throughout the Met Office to assist forecasters. Furthermore, a recent project to develop and improve the techniques used to statistically post-process this data (IMPROVER) is now employed to further reduce identified errors within MOGREPS data.

This session describes the latest work to exploit both raw MOGREPS and post-processed data for the generation of the wind component to the Inshore Waters Forecast. This component is verified against post-processed nowcast analysis fields to determine its accuracy and the results are compared against the equivalent performance currently achieved by Operational Maritime Meteorologists. The outcome of this assessment will help to determine whether either of these data-sources are suitable as a guide for the production of this high-profile forecast product.
Mısırdan Elde Edilmiş Kurutulmuş Damıtma Tane ve Çözünürlerin (DDGS) Bazı Kalite ve Risk Kriterleri Yönünden İncelenmesi
Authors: MERİÇ Şaban , KOC Fisun
Published: June 2021

Araştırmada, dünyada ve ülkemizde kullanımı her geçen gün artan, alternatif bir yem kaynağı olan mısır DDGS’lerin bazı kalite ve risk kriterleri yönünden incelenerek içerebileceği risklerin ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma kapsamında Amerika Birleşik Devletlerinden ithal edilen 52 adet DDGS örneğinde ham protein (HP), ham selüloz (HS), ham yağ (HY), ham kül (HK), nem, ağır metallerden kurşun (Pb), kadmiyum (Cd), civa (Hg), arsenik (As), organik klorlu pestisit, aflatoksin (B1, B2, G1 ve G2) ve yabancı madde analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, DDGS numunelerinin ortalama besin madde kompozisyonu kuru maddede; %28.29 HP, %7.54 HS, %9.69 HY, %5.14 HK ve %7.85 nem olarak belirlenmiştir. Ağır metaller (Pb, Cd, Hg, As), organik klorlu pestisitler, aflatoksinler (B1, B2, G1, G2) ve mikroskobik yabancı madde analizleri yönünden ise yasal limitlerin aşılmadığı tespit edilmiştir.
Integración europea y relaciones laborales. Enfoques teóricos, procesos políticos y resultados institucionales
Authors: González Benega Sergio , Aranea Mona
Published: June 2021

El artículo examina la dimensión europea de relaciones laborales. Se reconstruye el proceso político iniciado en la década de los 1950 por las autoridades públicas comunitarias y las organizaciones representativas del empresariado y del trabajo, que ha dado lugar al actual entramado institucional de las relaciones laborales europeas. El artículo utiliza los principales enfoques teóricos de Economía Política sobre europeización con el objeto de revisar los efectos convergentes, de coordinación multi-nivel o disruptivos de las relaciones laborales europeas sobre los sistemas nacionales de relaciones laborales. Se describe la coherencia, funcionalidad e interconexión de las principales piezas institucionales de las relaciones laborales europeas: concertación tripartita; diálogo social interprofesional; diálogo social sectorial; y representación laboral en empresas de dimensión comunitaria. Las conclusiones del artículo sustancian que las relaciones laborales europeas constituyen un estrato de regulación incompleto, que ofrece resultados complejos de armonización de las condiciones de trabajo y empleo en Europa.
Ayudar activando. Agentes de empleo ante las ambivalencias de la “Ocupación Plena”
Authors: Díaz Santiago María José , López Calle Pablo
Published: June 2021

La “recuperación económica” de los efectos de la crisis de 2007 en España se hubo de operar mediante la intensificación del trabajo y la precarización del empleo, y en ambos procesos tuvieron un papel fundamental las políticas de gestión del desempleo, determinadas por la reforma laboral de 2012 y la Nueva ley de Empleo de 2015. Reformas orientadas a la activación de las personas desocupadas mediante el intercambio de ayuda a cambio de empleabilidad. Son muchos los estudios que vinculan estas políticas a una suerte de “mercantilización neoliberal de la ayuda social”, pero menos los que tratan de entenderlas a partir de los propios esquemas teóricos y dispositivos prácticos de la teoría del “pleno empleo” keynesiana, formalmente opuesta al neoliberalismo. Así, es posible entender cómo los servicios públicos de empleo, cuya legitimidad social deriva de su aparente función de tutela del desempleado, se orientan hoy, por el contrario, a su activación. Y el trabajo de las y los agentes de empleo se revela como un analizador privilegiado para mostrar cómo se gestionan estas contradicciones en su práctica cotidiana.
The Dead Sea Scrolls dan Sumbangsihnya terhadap Kanon Perjanian Lama
Authors: Zega Fati Aro
Published: June 2021

Many have attacked the inerrancy and infability of the Bible. Inherence which means free from defects, in writing and infability means infallibility, in the teachings, which conservative evangelicals hold firm to the Bible, are always under attack and accusations, that the Bible is no longer authentic. Through descriptive qualitative methods with library studies, it can be concluded that there is a role of archeology and the dating of dead sea scrolls so that in the Qumran Old Testament, which is approximately 2,200 years old, it adds one manuscript evidence about the authenticity of copying. The Scriptures of no religion have documentary evidence like this. More importantly, the contribution of The Dead Sea Scrolls is evident through the acknowledgment of the world of critical scholarship which must undeniably admit that the events of Jesus are historical events, not as they have been about
Kajian Biblika berdasarkan Daniel 12 terhadap Tanda-tanda tentang Akhir zaman
Authors: Tabuni Yosua
Published: June 2021

Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tanda-tanda akhir zaman berdasarkan Daniel 12, menggunakan pendekatan hermeneutic dan library research, penulisan ini menemukan bahwa tanda-tanda dalam Daniel 12 merupakan tanda  menekankan bahwa pada hari-hari yang terakhir akan terjadi kesengsaraan yang luarbiasa dan yang belum pernah dan tidak akan pernah terjadi sejak adanya dunia. Mikhael akan muncul sebagai pangeran bagi orang-orang benar dan setiap orang percaya akan luput dari kesengsaraan itu.
Ensayo sobre la categoría de sexo y la perspectiva de género
Authors: Guevara Caicedo Nolver
Published: June 2021

Este artículo es un ejercicio de revisión bibliográfica, desde la lectura de algunas feministas latinoamericanas que han pensado el problema de género. El objetivo de este estudio fue aclarar el significado de los términos “perspectiva de género”, “género” y “sexo”; como también aportar de algún modo, una mirada más tolerante a las dinámicas de las sociedades pluriculturales. El texto inicia hablando de perspectiva de género; luego, de categoría de género y clausura explicando los conceptos sexo y generoelectos. Al final, se llega a la conclusión de los estudios de género, con la aclaración de la categoría de sexo y género, han propiciado, en las últimas décadas, cambiar la mirada hacia la mujer y hacia los otros géneros.

Abstract

This article is an exercise of literature review, since the reading of some Latin American feminists who have thought about the problem of gender. The objective of this study was clarify the meaning of the terms “gender perspective”, “gender” and “sex”; as well, contribute in some way, a more tolerant look to the dynamics of the pluricultural societies.
Análisis de un ejemplo de optimización de producción industrial utilizando algoritmos genéticos
Authors: Franco Arias Lina María
Published: June 2021

En este artículo se explica cómo llevar a cabo la optimización de la producción basada en la optimización de las variables involucradas en un proceso determinado. Para esto, se optimizaron las funciones que describen el proceso de producción. Para realizar dicha optimización, se utilizaron algoritmos genéticos, métodos adaptativos que pueden utilizarse para resolver problemas reales de búsqueda y de optimización, que imitan los procesos genéticos de los organismos vivos. La información del resultado de la optimización ayudó en la toma de decisiones, en la planeación y en la ejecución de las operaciones, en el sistema productivo.

Abstract

In this paper it explain how to perform optimization of production based on optimizing the variables that are involved in a given process, for that, the functions that describe the production process are optimized. To perform this optimization, geneticalgorithms are used which are adaptive methods that can be used to solve real problems search and optimization based on genetic processes imiting living organisms are used. Result information of the optimization helped in decision-making, in the planning and in the execution of operations in the production system.
La era del desarrollo sostenible: Nuestro futuro está en juego. Incorporemos el desarrollo sostenible a la agenda política mundial
Authors: Banguero Lozano Harold Enrique
Published: June 2021

El autor presenta en este libro, de manera admirable y rigurosa, un diagnóstico completo sobre la situación actual del mundo en materia de desarrollo, al igual que propone acciones concretas y bien sustentadas para corregir los problemas generados por el modelo tradicional, reflejados en pobreza extrema, exclusión social e insostenibilidad ambiental. Para hacer frente a estos desafíos, propone impulsar a nivel mundial un modelo de desarrollo sostenible, fundamentado en el crecimiento económico para eliminar la pobreza extrema, la inversión social para lograr mayor inclusión social y la sostenibilidad ambiental para garantizar vida para esta y las futuras generaciones. Se resume a continuación la temática de sus catorce apasionantes capítulos.
Los derechos humanos de las personas en situación de discapacidad en Colombia: estado actual y retos para el ejercicio profesional
Authors: Collazos Rodríguez Tania
Published: June 2021

Este artículo presenta una revisión de distintos documentos tanto internacionales como nacionales en torno al tema de los Derechos Humanos de las personas con Discapacidad. Entre ellos:  La Convención sobre los Derechos Humanos de las personas con discapacidad, como el tratado más importante celebrado en el siglo XXI, en torno a la defensa y protección de los Derechos Humanos de cerca de un 10% de la población mundial; el Protocolo Facultativo como instrumento jurídico internacional adicional a la Convención, que permite que tanto los individuos y grupos de los Estados que lo hayan ratificado, puedan presentar sus denuncias y peticiones; y el informe emitió el Comité de la ONU respecto a la implementación del tratado en Colombia en el 2016.  El análisis de esta documentación plantea la urgencia de un cambio de paradigma acerca de la discapacidad en el país, y propone retos significativos desde la disciplina psicológica para el ejercicio profesional.

Abstract

This article presents a review of different international and national documents on the subject of the Human Rights of persons with disabilities. These include, the Convention on the Human Rights of persons with disabilities, as the most important treaty of the twenty-first century on the defense and protection of human rights of about 10 % of the world’s population; The Optional Protocol as an additional international legal instrument to the Convention,which allows individuals and groups of States that have ratified it to present their denunciations and petitions; and the report issued by the UN Committee on the implementation of the treaty in Colombia in 2016.
EXPERTISE AND REGISTRATION OF ORPHAN MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
Authors: Kuhach A. A. , Kuhach V. V.
Published: June 2021

The purpose of the study is to analyze examination and registration of orphan medicinal preparations in different countries of the world. Methods of description, comparison, grouping and analysis were used in the study. Great importance of the problem of orphan medicinal preparations manufacture and access to the market associated with a large number of rare diseases (7000-8000), their wide distribution in various regions of the world (up to 8% of the population), high cost of development and difficulty in conducting clinical trials is marked. It is shown that criteria for classifying diseases as orphan ones are their prevalence among the population as well as total number of patients in a particular country. Orphan medicinal preparations are those intended to treat rare diseases; in a number of countries (the USA and the European Union) the criterion for orphan medicinal preparations is its unprofitableness for the manufacturer. In the United States, the European Union and Japan special subdivisions for the registration of orphan medicinal preparations have been established in the structure of regulatory authorities. In order to stimulate the orphan medicinal preparations manufacture in the USA, the European Union, Australia and Japan manufacturers are given financial resources for the development and research, tax privileges, discounts and consultations with the specialists are provided during registration. Restructuring technology is widely used in the development of orphan medicinal preparations in the US and Singapore. It has been established that in order to increase accessibility for the population in different countries various accelerated procedures to give access to orphan medicinal preparations to the market are used. The terms of market exclusivity are stated: in Australia - 5 years, in the USA - 7 years, in Japan and the European Union - 10 years. It is determined that there are lists of orphan diseases (from 41 in the Kyrgyz Republic to 262 in the Russian Federation) and (or) orphan medicinal preparations approved in all the EAEU countries; accelerated registration procedures are provided; import of unregistered orphan medicinal preparations is allowed.
SODIUM 1,2-DIPHENYL-5-BUTYL- 6-OXO-1,6-DIHYDROPYRIMIDINE-4-OLATE PRIMARY REFERENCE SAMPLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Kolyesnik D. A. , Levshukova P. O. , Kuvayeva Ye. V. , Tyerninko I. I. , Yakovlev I. P.
Published: June 2021

The primary reference sample (RS) use is one of the conditions necessary for conducting pharmaceuticals appropriate quality control. Therefore, their development is an urgent problem for the pharmaceutical industry, especially for new biologically active compounds that can be further used as pharmaceuticals. The aim of the work is to develop a primary standard sample of new sodium 1,2-dipheny l-5-butyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidine-4-olate. This substance can be used in medical practice as an anti-inflammatory agent. Primary RS was obtained by additional purification of the additional pharmaceutical substance by threefold recrystallization of acetone. The work on its certification was the following: the structure was confirmed, such indicators as weight loss on drying, inorganic impurities (chlorides, sulphated ash, heavy metals), related impurities were determined. The main component quantitative content has been established using the material balance.
ROLE OF MARKETING LOGISTICS IN ORGANIZATION OF A COM- PETITIVE SALES SYSTEM OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: Alexandrova L.Yu.
Published: June 2021

In modern conditions of tougher competition, sales are an important link in the development of communication between the enterprise and consumers. The article reveals the essence and elements of the product sales system. The relevance and tasks of its organization are indicated. The necessity of integration of marketing and logistics, the need for joint application of their methods and approaches in the process of organizing the sales system of an enterprise has been substantiated.

The main attention is paid to the disclosure of the essence of marketing logistics as a tool for ensuring sustainable competitive positions of the distribution system, its functions, place and role in the formation of a competitive sales system of the enterprise are determined. It was revealed that its organization fits into the corporate strategy, and this allows making economically sound decisions regarding the modification or preservation of the existing existing distribution channel and the choice of the optimal distribution channel based on the principles of marketing logistics.

The synergistic economic effect of marketing logistics in the field of organizing the sales system is manifested in the implementation of its functions: analytical and forecasting, transport and storage, information and communication, service and distribution and coordination. Increasing the role, using the strategic potential of marketing logistics is a condition for the implementation and development of the integral competitive potential of an enterprise and the competitive advantages of its sales system.
MORTGAGE LENDING AS A WAY TO INCREASE HOUSING AFFORDABILITY IN RUSSIA
Authors: Ivanova T.A.
Published: June 2021

This article discusses the issue of bringing the indicator «Housing Affordability Ratio» to an indicator that would reflect the number of years required to buy a home. A statistical analysis is carried out on the modifications of the indicator «Housing affordability coefficient», on the demand for mortgage loans in the regional context. The analysis of the demand for mortgage loans, as well as the level of housing security of the population in the regional context, is carried out. The relationship between the mortgage rate and the level of housing prices is analyzed. An assessment of the impact of the policy to reduce the interest rate on mortgage loans on the level of housing prices is given. The following problems of housing security in the Russian Federation are identified: regional disparities in housing security, the growth of investment demand for housing in the context of macroeconomic instability as a factor of slowing down the growth of housing security, threats to the implementation of targeted measures to support the provision of housing for the population. Possible ways to increase housing affordability are analyzed.
STATE AND DIRECTIONS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE REGIONAL STATE POLICY IN THE FIELD OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN THE ASTRAKHAN REGION
Authors: Kulicheva O.A. , Sergazieva L.I.
Published: June 2021

The process of implementing the state policy in the field of digital transformation in the regions of the Russian Federation is considered on the example of the Astrakhan region. The authors substantiate the need for active participation of regional authorities in the process of digitalization of the region.

The article examines the experience of digitalization of the Astrakhan region, examines in detail regional projects in the field of digital economy development. The experience of the Astrakhan region shows that the process of digitalization in the regions is quite active. This is due to the need to expand the digital space, create infrastructure and achieve the competitiveness of the region in order to attract investors.

The authors conclude that the socio-economic development of the region largely depends on the level of its digitalization. It is digitalization that is driving the development of the regional economy and improving the quality of life in the regions of Russia. The uneven territorial development of the subjects of the Russian Federation, the availability of the Internet space, as well as the length of the approval period for the introduction of digital technologies seriously hinder the digital transformation in the regions.
ACCOUNTING AND ANALYTICAL SUPPORT FOR EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF BUDGET INSTITUTIONS OF THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Stukalova G.Yu.
Published: June 2021

The article is devoted to a relevant topic – accounting and analytical information, which is necessary when analyzing the activities of budgetary institutions in the context of the implementation of government orders and income-generating activities. Since budgetary institutions are empowered to carry out commercial activities, it is necessary to develop a system of indicators that will allow analyzing the results of commercial activities to manage it. The source of information is the financial statements of a budgetary institution, and the article analyzes its ability to provide analytical calculations with the necessary information. The author notes that the management of income-generating activities is not fully supported by timely calculated analytical data. Due to the fact that the methodology for analyzing economic indicators for the timely management of income-generating activities is in the process of being developed, it is necessary to control all parameters of the plan of financial and economic activities and the report on the financial results of budgetary institutions.
SPECIFICS OF ECONOMIC SECURITY MANAGEMENT IN A MEDICAL ORGANIZATION
Authors: Fyodorova L.P.
Published: June 2021

The study is devoted to the mechanism of economic security management in a medical organization. The strategic approach to the definition of economic security management is highlighted and the content of economic security management is clarified as a directed impact on all stages of achieving economic security of an economic entity through planning, organization, coordination, motivation and control. Based on the assessment of the external and internal working conditions of the medical organization, the key success factors, weaknesses, threats to economic security are identified and the directions for improving the efficiency of economic security management are determined, taking into account the specifics of the medical organization.