bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oxidative defense mechanisms of proline on growth, nutritional compositions and antioxidant activities in water-stressed Solanum aethiopicum L.
Authors: Ojewumi A. W. , Keshinro M. O. , Mabinuori L. F. , Makinde S. C. O.
Published: August 2023

The growth performance of vegetables is influenced by water availability. This study explored the use of proline as an osmoregulator on growth, nutritional compositions and oxidative enzyme activities in water-stressed Solanum aethiopicum. Seedlings of the vegetable were subjected to 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% proline against droughted and well-watered. Morphological and physiological characters, nutritional compositions and oxidative activities were determined in the vegetable. Plant height (20.37 cm), number of leaves (35.75 cm), Leaf area (347.55 m2), specific leaf area (72.02 m2 g-1), leaf area index (0.71 m2 m-2) relative growth rate (0.21 mg g-1 day-1), net assimilation rate (0.058 mg g-1 day-1) and leaf area ratio (0.19 m2 g-1) were higher in S. aethiopicum seedlings sprayed with 100% proline. Crude fat (0.11%), ash (1.57%), crude fibre (1.49%), crude protein (2.44%) and carbohydrate (3.50%) were higher in the leaves of the vegetable sprayed with 100% proline. Higher vitamin A (84.21 mg/100 g), vitamin B3 (0.56 mg/100 g) and vitamin C (10.97 mg/100 g) were observed in the leaves of the vegetable under 100% proline. Furthermore, sodium (8.93 mg/100 g), potassium (402.20 mg/100 g), calcium (121.55 mg/100 g) and magnesium (58.80 mg/100 g) were recorded in the leaves of well-watered. Higher SOD (0.88 mg g-1), APX (0.95 mg g-1), CAT (0.98 mg g-1), GR (0.96 ug g-1) and GST (14.52 mg g-1) were observed in the roots of S. aethiopicum droughted. Although all the proline levels sustained growth components, nutritional compositions and oxidative enzymes of S. aethiopicum under water stress, however, 100% proline produced better ameliorative effects.
The Effect of Customer Engagement on Customer Loyalty Through Customer Satisfaction at Shopee
Authors: Fauziyah Hilda , Iskandar Iskandar , Wachjuni Wachjuni
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine whether Customer Satisfaction (Z) completely mediates or partially mediates the relationship between Customer Engagement (X) and Customer Loyalty (Y). The research problem addressed the lack of loyalty towards the Shopee marketplace, as preliminary survey results indicated obstacles such as difficulties in returning products and funds, inability to choose preferred shipping services, and negative experiences that deterred revisiting the Shopee website. The sample for this study consisted of students in Kuningan Regency. The author employed the survey method and distributed questionnaires through Google Forms to 140 respondents. Data collection was conducted using questionnaires, and the measurement used an interval scale. The data obtained were analyzed used the mediation regression analysis method, which involved testing simple regression analysis and multiple regression analysis to determine whether Customer Satisfaction (Z) completely mediates or partially mediates the relationship between Customer Engagement (X) and Customer Loyalty (Y). The analysis was performed used Statistical Program for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. The testing results of the proposed hypotheses led to the conclusion that (1) Customer Engagement has a positive and significant influence on Customer Loyalty. (2) Customer Satisfaction (Z) completely mediates the relationship between Customer Engagement (X) and Customer Loyalty (Y).
Customer Ratings in the Shopee Marketplace Using Consumer Trust as an Intermediate Variable and Their Influence on Purchase Decisions
Authors: Herlambang Febby , Wachjuni Wachjuni , Hadi Gunawan Wely
Published: August 2023

This research aimed to examine the influence of customer reviews and ratings on purchase decisions through consumer trust. The population in this study was the West Java society who have used or made purchases on the Shopee marketplace, with a sample size of 180 respondents selected using probability sampling technique. The study utilized 18 statement indicators on a scale of 1-10. Sampling and analysis of the results were conducted using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method with AMOS version 23, which was employed to test the direct influence of customer reviews and ratings on purchase decisions through consumer trust as an intervening variable. The research instrument consisted of a physical questionnaire containing statements and was distributed directly to the respondents. The findings from the tested hypotheses concluded that (1) customer reviews have a positive and significant influence on consumer trust, (2) ratings have a positive and significant influence on consumer trust, (3) customer reviews have a positive and significant influence on purchase decisions, (4) ratings do not influence on purchase decisions, (5) consumer trust has a positive and significant influence on purchase decisions, (6) customer trust partially mediated the influence of customer reviews on purchasing decisions, and (7) customer trust fully mediated the influence of ratings on purchasing decisions.
Factors Affecting Cash Holding (Empirical Study of Property and Real Estate Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017-2021 Period)
Authors: Ratriwulan Dyah
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to provide empirical evidence on the Effect of Investment Opportunity Set ̧ Cash Conversion Cycle, Asset Growth, Net Working Capital and Company Size on Cash Holding. The population in this study was 83 companies with sampling techniques used were the slovin method and quota sampling. The sample used in this study is a Property and Real Estate company that has complete financial statement data for 2017-2022. The sample used in this study was 205 financial statement data or 41 companies. The methods used in this study are descriptive method and verificative method. The data analysis technique in this study uses panel data regression analysis. The results of simultaneous tests show that the variables investment opportunity set ̧ cash conversion cycle, asset growth, net working capital and company size together affect Cash Holding.  Based on the partial test results, the variables investment opportunity set ̧ cash conversion cycle, asset growth, net working capital and firm size partially have a significant positive effect on cash holding.Keywords: Cash holding, Investment Opportunity Set, Cash Conversion Cycle, Asset Growth, Net Working Capital, Firm Size
Vivência do câncer e suas repercussões no envelhecimento saudável
Authors: Konrad Angélica Zanettini , Souza Jeane Barros de , Madureira Valéria Silveira Faganello , Heidemann Ivonete Teresinha Schülter Buss , Mafra Samantha Karoline , Pilger Kelly Cristina de Prado , Beckert Richard Augusto Thomann
Published: August 2023

Objetivo: Compreender as percepções dos idosos sobre a vivência do câncer e as suas repercussões no envelhecimento saudável. Métodos: Estudo exploratório, descritivo, de abordagem qualitativa. Participaram 10 idosos de ambos os sexos, com diagnóstico recente ou retroativo de algum dos tipos de câncer, residentes na região Sul do Brasil, selecionados pelo método “bola de neve”. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de questões relacionadas a saúde, vivência com o câncer e o envelhecimento, através de vídeo chamada no WhatsApp®, entre junho e setembro de 2022. Os dados foram analisados pela análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Emergiram duas categorias: Vivências do câncer em idosos: sentimentos no diagnóstico, aceitação do diagnóstico, superação, isolamento, apoio da família, amigos e igreja, fé e espiritualidade. Repercussões do câncer em idosos: autocuidado, prevenção recidiva do câncer, otimismo, valoração da vida, dificuldades. Conclusão: dentre as vivências e as repercussões ocasionadas pelo câncer, o fortalecimento da fé e espiritualidade, a aceitação do diagnóstico, a superação dos desafios, ampliação do autocuidado e valorização da vida são aspectos relevantes para os idosos. É premente qualificar a assistência à saúde e dar continuidade a estudos que evidenciam o câncer na terceira idade, ampliando reflexões sobre a necessidade de promover a saúde desse público, em busca de políticas públicas saudáveis.
As simbologias de enfermeira(o)s das unidades de saúde da família sobre as intercorrências mamárias
Authors: Filipin Mônica Aparecida Gomes , Moreira Michelle Araújo
Published: August 2023

Objetivo: Apreender as simbologias de enfermeira(o)s das Unidades de Saúde da Família sobre as intercorrências mamárias. Métodos: Estudo com abordagem qualitativa e descritiva, fundamentado na Teoria das Representações Sociais, realizado com enfermeira(o)s que atuam em 29 Unidades de Saúde da Família. Como técnicas de coleta de dados, utilizou-se a entrevista guiada por um roteiro semiestruturado e a técnica de associação livre de palavras. Procedeu-se a análise dos dados empíricos das entrevistas, utilizando análise temática do conteúdo proposto por Bardin e a análise lexical com auxílio do software Iramuteq. Resultados: As(os) enfermeira(o)s simbolizavam a amamentação na vivência das intercorrências mamárias como um ato de heroísmo materno e obrigatoriedade e que deve ser desenvolvido mesmo diante do sofrimento. Conclusão: Amamentar diante das intercorrências mamárias foi simbolizado como algo acima da vontade da mulher, o que requer educação permanente da(o)s enfermeira(o)s sobre acolhimento as lactentes e resolutividade as afecções, com base na qualidade assistencial.
Endovascular trends in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms in a Peruvian reference center
Authors: Saal-Zapata Giancarlo , Durand-Castro Walter , Valer-Gonzales Dante , Flores-Quijaite Jesus Enrique Manuel , Rodriguez-Varela Rodolfo
Published: August 2023

Objectives:

Endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) has evolved in recent years and is currently the preferred treatment worldwide. We analyzed the trends in the number of patients, number of aneurysms, aneurysm characteristics, and techniques used in a pure endovascular cohort of patients treated in a reference center.

Materials and Methods:

Between 2010 and 2020, a retrospective data collection of patients who underwent endovascular intervention of IAs was performed. We used the Mann-Kendal test to evaluate the trends. In addition, the moving-average technique was used to assess smoother curves.

Results:

Eight hundred and forty-five aneurysms were treated in 765 patients, the mean age was 53.9 ± 14.6 years and 81% were women. The number of patients (P = 0.016) and aneurysms (P = 0.003) increased significantly. Unruptured (P = 0.029) and posterior communicating artery aneurysms increased their frequency of treatment (P = 0.042). Balloon remodeling (P = 0.01) and the use of flow diverters showed a positive trend (P = 0.016).

Conclusion:

There have been an increased number of patients and aneurysms treated endovascularly at our institution, including unruptured and posterior communicating aneurysms. Advanced endovascular techniques also increased. Comparative studies including surgical cases must be done in our region to determine the best approach.
Predictors of laserthermotherapy efficacy in retinoblastoma treatment
Authors:   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Volodin D.P. , Yarovoy A.A. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Yarovaya V.A. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation, Matyaeva A.D. ,   S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: August 2023

Purpose. To determine major predictors of thermotherapy (TT) success in retinoblastoma (Rb) treatment using multivariate analysis. Material and methods. A retrospective study of 232 patients (295 eyes, 1623 tumors) that were treated by thermotherapy was performed. The median patients' age was 15±14,1 mo. (from 1 to 78 mo.). Tumor thickness varied from 0,3 to 4,5 mm (Me – 0,7±0,4 mm), tumor basal diameter – from 0,5 to 13,4 mm (Mе – 1,5±1,05 mm). Thermotherapy was conducted both by transpupillary and transscleral routes with the following parameters: wavelength – 810 nm, spot size – 1000–1200 microns, power – from 180 to 850 mW (Ме – 400±156 mW), power density – from 15 to 71 W/сm² (Ме – 33±12,5 W/сm²) in application and scanning modes. Results. Multivariate analysis using Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox regression analysis showed that tumor thickness ≤0,8 mm (p<0,0001), tumor basal diameter ≤1,5 mm (p<0,0001), preequatorial and postequatorial localization (p<0,0001), dark and medium fundus pigmentation (p=0,0001) and number of treatment sessions ≤2 (p<0,0001) are associated with higher thermotherapy efficacy. ROC-analysis demonstrated that the highest rate of tumor control is associated with three and more predictors of thermotherapy success. Conclusion. Laser thermotherapy proved to be a highly effective method of Rb treatment with 92% rate of tumor control, meanwhile thermotherapy is most effective for tumors that have three or more predictors of thermotherapy success. This should be considered in application of thermotherapy and local modality choice. Key words: laser thermotherapy, retinoblastoma, predictors of efficacy, multivariate analysis, local treatment
Analisis Penggunaan Antibiotik pada Pasien Covid -19 Di Ruang Isolasi Rumah Sakit X Tipe D Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Sari Retno Juwita , Yulia Rika , Herawati Fauna
Published: August 2023

Kasus COVID-19 diakhir tahun 2019 telah menyebakan kejadian infeksi saluran pernafasan n meningkat serta kejadian koinfeksi pada masa pandemik COVID-19 dikaitkan dengan keparahan penyakit serta meningkatkan jumlah kematian. Penggunaan antibiotik semasa pandemi terbukti secara signifikan mengalami peningkatan serta peresepan antibiotik spektrum luas mengalami peningkatan. Fenomena ini dapat menyebabkan peningkatan kejadian Antimikroba Resisten (AMR) sehingga pengawasan penggunaan antibiotik perlu diperkuat selama pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penggunaan antibiotik dimasa pandemik COVID-19. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional pada subyek dewasa yang terkonfirmasi COVID-19 derajat penyakit sedang hingga berat dengan pengambilan data penelitian secara retrospektif selama periode April 2020 – Maret 2021. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat sampel penelitian sebanyak 146 pasien yang terbanyak laki-laki sebesar 53,4% dan jenis kelamin perempuan 46,6%. Rentang usia tertinggi pada usia 56 – 65 tahun sebesar 28,8%. Peningkatan kadar leukosit > 10000 sebanyak 31,5%. Terdapat 8 jenis antibotik yang digunakan frekuesi tinggi adalah antibiotik levofloxacin injeksi ( 50 % ) dan antibiotik kombinasi yang sering digunakan adalah ceftriaxone dan levofloxacin (5.5 %). Analida Kuantitatif antibiotik dengan total nilai 60,54 DDD/100 patient-day, nilai antibiotik dengan DDD tertinggi adalah levofloxacin 26,51 DDD/100 patient-day. Hasil analisis kualitas antibiotik dengan alur Gyssens menunjukan 36,3 % antibiotik yang diberikan tergolong rasional (kategori 0) dan 46,6% antibiotik yang diberikan  tidak ada indikasi penggunaan (kategori V).
Analisis Faktor Perilaku Buang Air Besar Sembarangan (BABS) Di RW 15 Kelurahan Tangkerang Utara Wilayah Kerja Psekesmas Sapta Taruna Tahun 2022
Authors: Sandy Frecilia , Septiani Winda , Rasyid Zulmeriza , Alamsyah Agus , Dewanto Hoppy
Published: August 2023

Buang Air Besar Sembarangan (BABS) adalah kegiatan yang mencerminkan perilaku seseorang, dimana seseorang tersebut BAB sembarangan dimana saja seperti sungai, ladang, semak belukar. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Analisis Faktor Perilaku Buang Air Besar Sembarangan (BABS) di RW 15 Kelurahan Tangkerang Utara wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sapta Taruna. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desain case control dengan sampel 80 KK dengan perbandingan 1 : 3 yaitu 20 sampel kasus dan 60 sampel kontrol. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode wawancara dan observasi dengan menggunakan alat pengumpulan data kuesioner. Metode pengambilan sampel kasus secara total sampling dan metode pengambilan sampel kontrol secara Propotional Random Sampling. Data akan diolah dengan analisa univariat dan bivariat untuk melihat perbandingan dengan menggunakan uji chi-square dilakukan secara komputerisasi. Hasil penelitian diperoleh hubungan pengetahuan (Pvalue 0,037), hubungan sikap (Pvalue 0,007), hubungan kepemilikan jamban (Pvalue 0,041), hubungan ketersediaan air bersih (P value 0,027), dan hubungan peran tenaga kesehatan (Pvalue 0,037) artinya dapat disimpulkan adanya hubungan dengan perilaku BABS. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberi gambaran bagi pihak Puskesmas dan Kelurahan dalam meminimalisir resiko Buang air besar di masyarakat agar tidak berkelanjutan.

Kata Kunci : Perilaku Buang air Besar Sembarangan, RW 15 Tangkerang Utara
INDICATORS OF PRODUCTIVITY OF EDUCATION SUBJECTS IN THE SCIENTIFIC ENVIRONMENT OF A UNIVERSITY
Authors: ZHARINOVA EVGENIA
Published: August 2023

The relevance of the research is justified by the fact that it is aimed to identify the level of productivity of education subjects in the professional, educational and scientific environment of a university. The author proves a hypothesis that the productive activity of Теория, стратегии 17 the subjects of education will be effective if one reveals the levels of productive interaction of the teacher with students, giving a possibility to model the success of joint creative activity on the basis of productivity in the educational environment. The indicators of teachers’ behaviour culture and interaction of subjects of education in the classroom are developed and manifest themselves at the average level of productivity according to methods 1 and 2. According to method 3, it was found that two indicators of productive interaction in the scientific environment of a university are developed at the low level, and the remaining indicators are at the average level. Therefore, an important factor ensuring the productivity of the interaction of education subjects is the development of scientific schools in a professional environment.
FORMATION OF THE ARTISTIC TECHNIQUE AT THE INITIAL STAGE OF LEARNING TO PLAY THE FLUTE
Authors: MAEVSKAYA OLGA , VARLAMOV DMITRY
Published: August 2023

The article discusses the main components of the formation of the artistic technique of a flutist, such as musical intonation, cognitive actions and vibrato. The authors of the study reveal the interrelation of the motor-muscular and artistic spheres in the structure of the performing technique, and also describe the features of their interaction in the performing process of a beginner flutist.
THE STRATEGY OF USING INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES TO TEACH FOREIGN LANGUAGES TO NON-LINGUISTIC STUDENTS AT THE PRESENT STAGE
Authors: POMERANETS INNA , VASILEVA POLINA
Published: August 2023

The paper analyses the advantages and drawbacks of information and communications technologies (ICT) used to teach foreign languages (FL) to non-linguistic students. The stages Прикладные исследования, технологии 107 of integrating ICT and electronic educational resources (EER) into teaching practice have been reviewed and the use of ICT at the present stage has been described. The authors have compared the use of EER by students of humanities and technical pathways, identified the basic trends in the use of EER and defined the learning activities which require ICT in place of traditional training techniques. Guidelines for training the language activities (in particular, reading, speaking and writing) in which students use artificial intelligence technologies to the disadvantage of learning are provided.
FORMATION OF AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A SUBJECT OF MILITARY PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY
Authors: NIKITENKO PAVEL , LYCHAGINA SVETLANA
Published: August 2023

The article offers an empirical study of the behavioural characteristics of aggressiveness. The main theoretical and empirical results, actual data, discovered relationships and patterns are presented. The study was conducted on the basis of Saint Petersburg National Guard Forces Command Military Institute. The respondents were cadets of the third and fifth Прикладные исследования, технологии 75 years of the faculties of command and psychological support, 120 people in total. To study behavioural characteristics, L. Pochebut’s “Aggressiveness” technique was used. The object of the study was a cadet as a subject of military professional activity. The subject of the study was aggressive behavioural characteristics of the subject of activity. The hypothesis of the study is that the behavioural characteristics of aggressiveness have their own specifics depending on the stage and conditions of formation of the subject of military professional activity. In the course of the empirical study, significant differences in behavioural characteristics of aggression between cadets of different courses and faculties were detected.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION COMPETENCE AMONG FUTURE TEACHERS - UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS MAJORING IN GEOGRAPHY AND LIFE SAFETY
Authors: MOSKALETS YULIA
Published: August 2023

The article considers the relevance of the development of information competence among future teachers - undergraduate students majoring in Geography and Life Safety. The types and content characteristics of information competence are analysed. The author's tasks on Road Safety for students are presented, contributing to the qualitative and systematic development of this competence among future teachers of the fundamentals of life safety.
THE ROLE OF MULTIMEDIA IN THE FORMATION OF PERFORMING SKILLS OF A BEGINNER FLUTIST
Authors: MAEVSKAYA OLGA
Published: August 2023

The article discusses multimedia applications that are the most appropriate for optimisation of the learning process in a flute classroom at the initial stage of training: Music Speed Changer, Master Flute Tuner, Metronome Beats, the Sound application, the noise meter application. The relevance of their usage is related to the specifics of the children of Generation Alpha, who currently make up the main contingent of students of children’s music and arts schools. According to the author of the article, the main task of introducing multimedia is to increase the effectiveness of classes in a systemic and systematic independent work aimed at the formation of a flutist’s performing skills, such as sound characteristics, phrasing, nuance, pitch intonation, sound milling, sound articulation, vibrato.
SELF-REGULATION OF SERVICE ACTIVITIES OF ROSGVARDIYA EMPLOYEES
Authors: TURCHIN ANATOLY
Published: August 2023

The article deals with theoretical and applied problems of the structural place of self-regulation as a condition for the development of subjectivity of future Rosgvardiya officers during training at a military university. It is noted that there is a need for a special 21 study of the content specifics of self-regulation of Rosgvardiya employees as subjects of service activities.
PRINCIPLES OF THE INTEGRATIVE APPROACH TO TEACHING CULTUROLOGY IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS OF THE PSYCHOLOGICAL PROFILE
Authors: KUDRYASHOV SERGEI
Published: August 2023

The article discusses the principles of the theory and methodology of teaching culturology to psychology students, united within the framework of the integrative approach, which involves bringing related concepts of both culturology and psychology into a single semantic field. Thus, the issues of motivation of human behaviour that are relevant to both sciences, as well as the mechanisms of perception that mediate the interaction of a person with the world, can be considered in connection with the phenomenon of mythology in culture, as well as the semantics and problems of the intentionality of consciousness. It is specifically pointed out that the integrative approach principle does not imply a synthesis of sciences, but their relationship, through which the academic concept is built in an interdisciplinary space.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONAL IDENTITY IN ADOLESCENTS - REPRESENTATIVES OF THE INDIGENOUS SAMI PEOPLE
Authors: FLOTSKIY NIKOLAY , BULANOVA SVETLANA , PONOMAREVA MARIA , FLOTSKAYA NATALIA
Published: August 2023

The article is concerned with the personal identity of Sami adolescents living in the Arctic territories of Russia. The empirical study is aimed at exploring specific features of personal identity in Sami boys and girls during adolescence in comparison with Теория, стратегии 29 their ethnic Russian peers of the same age. While studying personal identity, the authors analysed the specifics in manifestation of various components of personal identity in Sami adolescents in comparison with their ethnic Russian age-mates, as well as the dynamics of personal identity of Sami adolescents in transition from the age of 12-13 to the age of 14-15. The obtained data expand the modern psychological understanding of identity development patterns in adolescence, of how human psyche functions in a changing world, and further define the substantive characteristics of the psychological portrait of today’s teenager.
PHARISAISM AS A DISTORTION AND FORMALISATION OF RELIGIOUSNESS
Authors: LAVRUKHINA IRINA , VORONTSOVA TATYANA
Published: August 2023

The article deals with the socio-religious phenomenon of pharisaism in the unity of its ethical, psychological and existential aspects. It is noted that pharisaism is a vice that distorts the moral life of a person, its essence is dogmatism, double ethics, moral absolutism and demagogy. Psychologically, hypocrisy manifests itself in a tendency to prejudice, hypocrisy, rigidity, the desire to blame the other on the basis of only external signs. In the existential sense, hypocrisy is found in the replacement of genuine religious faith with its external attributes. The authors interpret pharisaism as a perverted form of religious consciousness and compare it with genuine religiosity. Pharisaism is a vice of religious life, both individual and social. The institutionalisation of pharisaism is one of the problems of the revival of religiosity in modern Russia. The comparison of pharisaism as a personal and institutional phenomena leads the authors to the conclusion that, being a social phenomenon, it in a certain sense contributes to the institutionalisation of the church, since it establishes formal requirements of religious worship. At the same time, pharisaism can and must be overcome in order to preserve true religiosity, living faith.
ADAPTIVE INTELLIGENCE: THE EXPERIENCE OF PHENOMENOLOGICAL SETTING OF THE DEFINITION
Authors: GUT VALERY
Published: August 2023

ThThe concept of adaptive intelligence is gaining ground in psychology. However, it is not clear why the term “adaptive intelligence” is needed, if the attribute of adaptability already occupies an important place in the semantics of the concept of “intelligence”. This article discusses the reasons for adopting this new concept. An important step in defining the 48 Научное мнение № 6 (2023) concept of adaptive intelligence is to justify the differences between practical intelligence (as a generic category) and adaptive intelligence (as its kind). Based on the ideas of R. J. Sternberg, a criterion was set to distinguish between these types of intelligence. These are situations with the task of surviving or minimising damage, which have the following features: a risk to the survival, integrity or stability of the subject, the limited time allotted by the situation conditions to solve the problem, and the demand for novelty, for creativity. The phenomenological study revealed constructs of everyday consciousness that are relevant to situations with the task of survival or minimising damage. The respondents (N = 107) were asked to read the description of problem solving in the indicated situations (12 samples), then answer questions regarding these situations. The processing of the semantic material was performed using content analysis. Based on the constructs with the highest semantic weight, the desired definition was proposed: adaptive intelligence is creativity, resourcefulness, ingenuity and skills, positively recognised by society, shown by an individual or a group in solving vital problems.
Homo-BacPROTAC-induced degradation of ClpC1 as a strategy against drug-resistant mycobacteria
Authors: Junk Lukas , Schmiedel Volker Martin , Guha Somraj , Fischel Katharina , Greb Peter , Schwechel Kristin , Krisilia Violetta , van Geelen Lasse , Rumpel Klaus , Kaur Parvinder , Krishnamurthy Ramya V. , Narayanan Shridhar , Kofink Christiane , Mantoulidis Andreas , Biber Philipp , Gmaschitz Gerhard , Kazmaier Uli , Meinhart Anton , Leodolter Julia , Hoi David , Junker Sabryna , Morreale Francesca Ester , Clausen Tim , Kalscheuer Rainer , Weinstabl Harald , Boehmelt Guido
Published: August 2023

Antimicrobial resistance is a global health threat that requires development of new treatment concepts. These should not only overcome existing resistance, but be designed to slow down emergence of new resistance mechanisms. Targeted protein degradation, whereby a drug redirects cellular proteolytic machinery towards degrading a specific target, is an emerging concept in drug discovery. We developed proteolysis targeting chimeras active in bacteria (BacPROTACs) that bind to ClpC1, a component of the mycobacterial protein degradation machinery. The anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) BacPROTACs were derived from cyclomarins, natural products known to bind to ClpC1, which were dimerized resulting in compounds that recruit and degrade ClpC1. The resulting Homo-BacPROTACs reduced levels of endogenous ClpC1 in Mycobacterium smegmatis, as well as displayed minimum inhibitory concentrations in the low micro- to nanomolar range in mycobacterial strains, including multiple drug resistant Mtb isolates. The compounds also killed Mtb resident in macrophages. Thus, Homo-BacPROTACs that degrade ClpC1 represent a different strategy for targeting Mtb and overcoming drug resistance.
A surrogate signal model for automated 1D 1H NMR compound quantification
Authors: Wang Roy Chih Chung , Campbell David , Čuperlović-Culf Miroslava
Published: August 2023

Bioreactors are useful tools for bioprocessing and production of biologics, gene therapies and vaccines. Streaming data-driven process control systems can be valuable in lowering the cost of production or discovering novel reaction pathways. Nuclear Magnetic resonance (NMR) is an inexpensive spectroscopy technique that has characteristics that make it appropriate for on-line, high-throughput measurement of metabolic changes in a bioreactor vessel. Future quantitative NMR (qNMR) advancements for processing this type of streaming data could grant a unique possibility for in-situ bioprocessing applications. One significant challenge for 1D 1H qNMR is that the spectrum of a compound can deviate from its spectrum in a reference setting, especially across the various spectrometer frequency and concentration profile of metabolite mixture in the biofluid sample. A robust predictive or constraint model on the generative mechanism of the measured NMR signal can help guide future qNMR developments. We present an approximated 1D 1H NMR signal model that shows promise in fitting chemical shifts and other interpretable parameters for small mixtures of compounds. Our model use reference chemistry parameters of compounds to derive patterns between its nuclei via spin Hamiltonian simulations and hierarchical convex clustering on a spin angular momentum feature between the nuclei, which are quantum subsystems. These patterns are used to construct a surrogate model of the compound mixture with a lower degrees-of-freedom. Our approach does not require any phase or baseline correction techniques to pre-process the data, making it a generative model that fully accounts for the relative phase information, which is usually attenuated in a heuristic manner and ignored in conventional NMR data processing. We demonstrate the potential of this new methodology by fitting against real-world NMR reference compound experiments.
Parylene-C coating protects resin 3D printed devices from materials erosion and prevents cytotoxicity towards primary cells
Authors: Musgrove Hannah B. , Cook Sophie R. , Pompano Rebecca R.
Published: August 2023

Resin 3D printing is attractive for rapid fabrication of microscale cell culture devices, but common resin materials are unstable and cytotoxic under culture conditions. Strategies such as leaching or over-curing are insufficient to protect sensitive primary cells such as white blood cells. Here, we evaluated the effectiveness of using parylene-C coating of commercially available clear resins to prevent cytotoxic leaching, degradation of microfluidic devices, and absorption of small molecules. We found that parylene-C significantly improved both the cytocompatibility with primary murine white blood cells and the material integrity of prints, while maintaining the favorable optical qualities held by clear resins.
Differentiation of Truffle Species (Tuber spp.) by 1H NMR Spectroscopy and support vector machine
Authors: Mix Thorsten , Janneschütz Jasmin , Fischer Markus , Hackl Thomas
Published: August 2023

The price of different truffle types varies according to their culinary value, sometimes by more than a factor of ten. Non-professionals can hardly distinguish the species within the white or black truffles by eye, which makes the possibility of food fraud very easy. Therefore, the identification of different truffle species (Tuber spp.) is an analytical task that could be solved in this study. The polar extract from a total of 80 truffle samples were analyzed by 1H NMR spectroscopy in combination with chemometric methods covering five commercially relevant species. All classification models were validated with nested cross-validation. The two very similar looking and closely related black representatives Tuber melanosporum and Tuber indicum could be classified 100% correctly in direct comparison. The most expensive truffle Tuber magnatum could be distinguished 100% from the other relevant white truffle Tuber borchii. Furthermore, signals for a potential Tuber borchii, and a potential Tuber melanosporum marker for targeted approaches could be detected and the corresponding molecules were identified as betaine and ribonate. A model covering all five truffle species Tuber aestivum, Tuber borchii, Tuber indicum, Tuber magnatum and Tuber melanosporum was able to correctly discriminate between all species.
Bromocyclization of Unsaturated Thioester and Access to Functionalized Sulfur-heterocycles
Authors: Saegusa Rinako , Fujihara Takashi , Shigehisa Hiroki
Published: August 2023

The alkene halocyclization reaction is a significant synthetic organic chemical transformation, especially for the versatile synthesis of heterocycles. Although oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon have been extensively studied as nucleophilic elements in this transformation, sulfur-based nucleophiles are relatively unexplored. This is particularly intriguing given the prevalence of S-heterocycle- containing bioactive natural products. In this study, we investigated halocyclization chemistry involving unsaturated thioesters, with a focus on their use as potential S-nucleophiles. Despite their electron-withdrawing nature, thioesters are greater nucleophile rather than sulfides according to our previous study, which encouraged us to consider thioesters as viable halocyclization candidates. Thioesters, which are readily synthesized from alcohols or alkyl halides, are convenient starting materials. Here, we developed a novel bromocyclization method that uses alkenoic thioesters and N-bromoacetamide (NBA) to form cyclic bromosulfides. The resulting 5-exo products are labile and can be used in various nucleophilic substitution reactions. Furthermore, the reaction pathways involving bromonium intermediates and the HBr-promoted auto-activation of NBA were revealed by DFT calculations. This study provides new avenues for the synthesis of S-heterocyclic scaffolds and a pathway for future investigations into asymmetric variants with the aim of developing effective catalysts.
On the Possibility of p-type Doping in Barium Stannate
Authors: Willis Joe , Spooner Kieran B. , Scanlon David O.
Published: August 2023

The combination of optical transparency and bipolar dopability in a single material would revolutionise modern opto-electronics. Of the materials known to be both p- and n-type dopable (such as \ce{SnO} and \ce{CuInO2}), none can satisfy the requirements for both p- and n-type transparent conducting applications. In the present work, perovskite \ce{BaSnO3} is investigated as a candidate material: its n-type properties are well characterised, with La-doping yielding degenerate conductivity and record electron mobility, while it has been suggested on a handful of occasions to be p-type dopable. Herein, group 1 metals Li, Na and K and group 13 metals Al, Ga and In are assessed as p-type acceptor defects in \ce{BaSnO3} using hybrid density functional theory. It is found that while K and In can induce hole concentrations up to \SI{e16}{\per\centi\meter\cubed}, the low energy oxygen vacancy pins the Fermi level in the band gap and ultimately prevents metallic p-type conductivity being achieved in \ce{BaSnO3}. Nevertheless, the predicted hole concentrations exceed experimentally reported values for K-doped \ce{BaSnO3}, suggesting that the performance of a transparent p-n homo-junction made from this material could be significantly improved.
Patient-reported Outcomes and Muscle Strength after a Physiotherapy-led Exercise and Support Brace Intervention in Patients with Acute Injury of the Posterior Cruciate Ligament: A Two-year Follow-up Study
Authors: Rasmussen Randi Gram , Jacobsen Julie Sandell , Blaabjerg Birgitte , Nielsen Torsten Grønbæk , Miller Lene Lindberg , Lind Martin
Published: August 2023

Background

While outcomes of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injuries treated surgically are well described, prospective studies reporting outcomes of exercise interventions are lacking.

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in patient-reported outcomes of a physiotherapy-led exercise and support brace intervention in patients with acute injury of the PCL over a two-year follow-up period. Furthermore, this study sought to investigate changes in isometric knee muscle strength over an eight-month follow-up period, and finally to report conversion to surgical reconstruction over a two-year follow-up period.

Study design

Case series study, prospective

Methods

Fifty patients with an acute injury of the PCL were treated with a brace and a physiotherapy-led exercise intervention and followed prospectively. Changes in patient-reported outcomes were measured with the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form (IKDC-SKF) and the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) from baseline (diagnosis) to two-year follow-up. Furthermore, changes in isometric knee flexion and extension strength were measured with a static strength dynamometer from 16 weeks after diagnosis to one-year follow-up. Conversion to surgery was prospectively extracted from medical records. Mean changes were analyzed with a mixed effects model with time as a fixed factor.

Results

The IKDC-SKF score improved 28 (95%CI 24-33) IKDC points from baseline to two-year follow-up. Isometric knee flexion strength of the injured knee increased 0.18 (95%CI 0.11-0.25) Nm/kg from 16 weeks after diagnosis to one-year follow-up, corresponding to an increase of 16%. In contrast, isometric knee extension strength of the injured knee did not change (0.12 (95%CI 0.00-0.24) Nm/kg, p=0.042). Over two years, seven patients converted to PCL surgical reconstruction. One and two-year follow-up were completed by 46 and 31 patients, respectively.

Conclusions

The physiotherapy-led exercise and support brace intervention demonstrated clinically relevant improvements in patient-reported outcomes and knee flexion strength, and the risk of PCL surgical reconstruction was considered low within the first two years.

Level of evidence

3b
Evaluating Psychometric Properties of the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Form in a Heterogeneous Sample of Post-Operative Patients
Authors: Richardson Ryan D , Casanova Madeline P , Reeves Ashley J , Ryu Seungho , Cady Adam C , Baker Russell T
Published: August 2023

Background

The International Knee Document Committee Subjective Knee Form (IKDC-SKF) is a patient-reported outcome measure used in orthopedics and sports medicine. Further psychometric assessment is necessary to confirm measurement properties in a large, heterogenous sample.

Purpose

The purpose of the study was to assess the psychometric properties of the IKDC-SKF in a large, heterogenous sample.

Study Design

Cross-Sectional Study

Methods

An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted to identify a sound latent structure and to assess internal consistency in a large sample of patients who underwent knee arthroscopy. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to confirm structural validity. Multi-group invariance was conducted to assess factorial stability across sex and age groups, while longitudinal invariance procedures were performed to assess stability over time.

Results

A 3-factor, 9-item IKDC-SKF short form was identified with EFA procedures. The model was confirmed with CFA (CFI = 0.983; TLI = 0.975; IFI = 0.983; RMSEA = 0.057), while a sound 2-factor, 6-item model was also identified (CFI = 1.0; TLI = 0.999; IFI = 1.0; RMSEA = 0.11). The 9-item IKDC-SKF short form was invariant across groups but not time; removal of a single item (i.e., 8-item IKDC-SKF short form) resulted in longitudinal invariance. The 6-item IKDC-SKF short form was invariant across groups and time.

Conclusion

The 6-item, 8-item, and 9-item short form versions of the IKDC-SKF exceed contemporary fit recommendations and present as plausible alternatives to the IKDC-SKF with improved measurement properties, reduced scale response burden, and evidence of multi-group and longitudinal invariance. Further, the 6- and 8-item IKDC-SKF short forms may be used to assess group differences or change across time.

# Level of evidence here

Level 3
Validity, Reliability, and Efficiency of a Standard Goniometer, Medical Inclinometer, and Builder’s Inclinometer
Authors: Hanks June , Myers Betsy
Published: August 2023

Background

Joint range of motion (ROM) is an important assessment to aid diagnostic and clinical decision-making for persons with a wide variety of neuromusculoskeletal conditions. The current clinical standard for assessing ROM is the standard goniometer (SG).

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity, reliability and time required to assess ROM using a standard goniometer (SG), medical inclinometer (MI), and builder’s digital inclinometer (BI).

Study Design

Cross-sectional study.

Methods

Fifty participants with no current shoulder, elbow, or forearm pain limiting movement were assessed by a single tester. The tester measured three repetitions of passive forearm and shoulder rotation with an SG, MI, and BI. Device order was randomized. Time to complete assessment with each device was measured.

Results

BI and MI were significantly faster than the SG (p < 0.001) for all motions. Inclinometer measurements were more reliable (average ICC = 0.933 for MI and 0.919 for BI) than SG measurements (average ICC = 0.822). There was good correlation between MI and BI and mean differences between devices was less than 2°. Correlations between the SG and the inclinometers ranged from poor to fair and mean differences between devices was 4°.

Conclusion

The BI and MI were reliable for measuring forearm and shoulder rotation. The poor correlation between the SG and inclinometers indicates that clinicians should utilize the same device for testing. Because time can be a barrier to clinician assessment, the greater efficiency and reliability of inclinometers warrants consideration as the new measurement standard. Standard patient and inclinometer positioning is recommended to enhance reliability.

Level of Evidence

2
Concurrent Force Feedback on Load Symmetry in Total Knee Arthroplasty Patients
Authors: Sackiriyas Steni , Heinert Becky , Rutherford Drew , Fritz Gwen M , Kernozek Thomas W
Published: August 2023

Background and Purpose

Load asymmetry can be present before and after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), which may affect progress during knee rehabilitation in an outpatient sports medicine setting. Current rehabilitation primarily focuses on strength, pain, and range of motion deficits; however, recent evidence suggests the use of movement retraining strategies such as load feedback to address load asymmetry. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine how a single session of concurrent force feedback influences load symmetry during the leg-press and body-weight squat exercises in individuals following TKA. Additionally, a secondary purpose was to examine the retention of any changes over the course of a week.

Study design

Case-series study

Methods

This observational, repeated-measures study design examined the effect of concurrent force feedback training on the mean and standard deviation of load symmetry index during the leg press and squat exercises in 26 patients with TKA in an outpatient sports medicine clinic.The load asymmetry was measured with loadpad sensors placed underneath the each extremity during leg press and squat (baseline), after one training session consisting of concurrent force feedback during these exercises within a single physical therapy session (post feedback), and after seven to ten days of a washout period (post retention). Separate 2 x 3 repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare the mean and standard deviation of load symmetry across exercise (leg press and squat) and across time (baseline, post feedback and post retention).

Results

There was a time effect for the mean load symmetry index (p=0.027) but not for the standard deviation (p=0.441) during these exercises. The leg press showed a greater mean symmetry index compared to the squat regardless of time (p=0.001).

Conclusions

A reduction in the mean load symmetry index following concurrent feedback training suggests improved use of the surgical limb during both leg press and squat exercises during the same therapy session but the more symmetric loading pattern was not retained one week later. Overall, the leg press showed greater mean asymmetry than the squat. Standard deviation in the load symmetry index did not change across time or by exercise.

Level of Evidence

3
Voice-based depression screening in Parkinson's disease: Leveraging voice
Authors: Thamizhmaran K. , Pooja M.
Published: August 2023

This research focused on addressing the common occurrence of depression in individuals with Parkinson's Disease (PD), a neurodegenerative disorder. Depression can significantly affect a person's functioning, making early detection crucial for effective treatment. The analysis explored the use of voice recordings from PD patients to extract paralinguistic features, which are non-verbal elements of speech such as tone, pitch, and rhythm. These features were then utilized to train Machine Learning and Deep Learning models with the objective of predicting depression. The results of the research revealed promising outcomes, with the models achieving accuracies as high as 0.77 in accurately classifying subjects as depressed or non-depressed. These findings suggest that voice recordings can serve as digital biomarkers to screen for depression among PD patients. By leveraging these paralinguistic features, healthcare professionals could potentially identify depression in PD patients at an earlier stage, facilitating prompt intervention and enhancing treatment outcomes. The implications of this research are as follows. Implementing voice-based screening tools could offer a non-invasive and easily accessible method to assess the mental well-being of PD patients. Such early detection could help clinicians to tailor treatment plans accordingly, ensuring that patients receive appropriate care for both PD and comorbid depression. Ultimately, the integration of voice-based screening into routine clinical practice has the potential to improve the overall quality of patients with PD, leading to better mental health outcomes.