bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Seed Amounts on the Synthesis of Zeolite ZSM-5 Using Coal Bottom Ash and Rice Husk as Sources of Silica and Alumina by Using Seeding Method
Authors: Lestari Anggun , Ginting Simparmin B. , Saputra Hens
Published: March 2019

ZSM-5 has been successfully synthesized by seeding method using coal bottom ash and rice husk as the sources of silica and alumina.Synthesis ZSM-5 were performed by the hydrothermal method in autoclave autogenous at 180 °C for 36 h with molar ratio 10Na : 50SiO : 2Al2O3 : 500H2O with the addition of ZSM-5 commercial as seed. In this experiments, investigated variations seed amounts of 5, 10, 15, and 20% of weight silica. The product was characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET). Resulted showed that ZSM-5 succeed formed in all variation of seed contain. At variation seed amount 5%, crystallinity obtained still low in which content of quartz phase still be high. Percent crystallinity highest obtained at the variation of seed amount 20% with the result percent crystallinity relative 106%. The experimental results revealed that phase transformation has occurred, in which an amorphous phase of coal bottom ash and rice husk has been transformed to the ZSM-5 crystal with addition seed as substitution organic template.
Receiving Copper Nanoparticles: Experiment and Modelling
Authors: Nomoev Andrey V. , Khartaeva Erzhena , Yumozhapova Natalia V. , Darmaev Tumen G. , Bardakhanov S.P. , Syzranthev Vyacheslav V. , Zobov Konstantin V. , Gafner Yuri Ya
Published: March 2019

The copper nanoparticles were obtained by evaporating the metal by the relativistic electron beam. The average size of synthesized particles was about 120 nm. They were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy. The results of the X-ray diffraction showed high content of the pure copper for closed setup with an inert gas. Transmission electron microscopy cleared some particles to have an icosahedral structure. These nanoparticles were obtained when the target was exposed by the beam with the highest current strength used in the experiment and the highest cooling of the copper vapor. The process of copper nanoparticle formation by the molecular dynamic method using EAM – potentials (potentials in the Embedded Atom Method form) was studied.
Novel Approach for Synthesis of Mesoporous γ-AlOOH Powder from Coal-Bearing Kaolinite and its Enhanced Adsorption Performance for Congo Red and Fluoride
Authors: Yin Quan Lai , Zhao Si Qin , Asuha Sin
Published: March 2019

Mesoporous boehmite (γ-AlOOH) was synthesized from naturally occurring coal-bearing kaolinite (CBK) by direct sulfuric acid leaching and hydrothermal method to explore a new possible route to the synthesis of product with high value added using the CBK. The Brunauner-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and the average crystallite size of the γ-AlOOH powder could be controlled in the range from 6.3 to 192.5 m2 g-1 and from 5.5 to 14.4 nm, respectively, by varying the reaction temperature and reaction time. Owing to its porous structure and high surface area, the synthesized mesoporous γ-AlOOH powder exhibited better adsorption abilities for CR and fluoride in contrast to commercial boehmite, and it only took 20 min to reach removal efficiency of 99.6% for CR and 90.5% for fluoride, when the initial concentration of CR and fluoride was 100 and 10 mg L-1, respectively.
Effect of Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) attack density on Pinus sylvestris (Pinaceae) survival
Authors: Haavik Laurel J. , Hurley Brett P. , Allison Jeremy D.
Published: March 2019

Population density is often a critical factor in colonisation of trees by bark and wood-boring insects and may determine whether an exotic species is likely to establish and spread. In a manipulative field study, we investigated whether density of the attacking population of an exotic invasive woodwasp, Sirex noctilio Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Siricidae), affected survival and time-to-death of a favoured host tree, Pinus sylvestris Linnaeus (Pinaceae). We introduced mating pairs of woodwasps to stressed P. sylvestris at either high (15 mating pairs, nine trees) or low (two mating pairs, nine trees) density. More trees died, and more quickly, when exposed to the high versus low density of S. noctilio (78% versus 33% of trees). In the high-density treatment, year of tree death was synonymous with production of a S. noctilio F1 cohort (one-year or two-year generation time); this pattern was not as consistent in the low-density treatment. Although sample size was limited, our results indicate that attack density affects S. noctilio colonisation of P. sylvestris.
Dragotcytosis: Elucidation of the Mechanism for Cryptococcus neoformans Macrophage-to-Macrophage Transfer
Authors: Dragotakes Quigly , Fu Man Shun , Casadevall Arturo
Published: March 2019

Cryptococcus neoformans is a pathogenic yeast capable of a unique and intriguing form of cell-to-cell transfer between macrophage cells. The mechanism for cell-to-cell transfer is not understood. In this study, we imaged mouse macrophages with CellTracker Green 5-chloromethylfluorescein diacetate–labeled cytosol to ascertain whether cytosol was shared between donor and acceptor macrophages. Analysis of several transfer events detected no transfer of cytosol from donor-to-acceptor mouse macrophages. However, blocking Fc and complement receptors resulted in a major diminution of cell-to-cell transfer events. The timing of cell-to-cell transfer (11.17 min) closely approximated the sum of phagocytosis (4.18 min) and exocytosis (6.71 min) times. We propose that macrophage cell-to-cell transfer represents a nonlytic exocytosis event, followed by phagocytosis into a macrophage that is in close proximity, and name this process Dragotcytosis (“Dragot” is a Greek surname meaning “sentinel”), as it represents sharing of a microbe between two sentinel cells of the innate immune system.
On the anti-Yetter–Drinfeld module-contramodule correspondence
Authors: Shapiro Ilya
Published: March 2019

We study a functor from anti-Yetter–Drinfeld modules to contramodules in the case of a Hopf algebra

H

. This functor is unpacked from the general machinery of [11]. Some byproducts of this investigation are the establishment of sufficient conditions for this functor to be an equivalence, verification that the center of the opposite category of

H

-comodules is equivalent to anti-Yetter–Drinfeld modules in contrast to [8] where the question of

H

-modules was addressed, and the observation of two types of periodicities of the generalized Yetter–Drinfeld modules introduced in [7]. Finally, we give an example of a symmetric 2-contratrace on

H

-comodules that does not arise from an anti-Yetter–Drinfeld module.
Los marcos de la conflictividad: Una aproximación comparativa a dos escuelas secundarias de Córdoba, Argentina
Authors: García Bastán Guido , Tomasini Marina Edith
Published: March 2019

En Argentina, las mediciones de violencia y conflictividad escolar han contribuido a relativizar el peso de variables socio-económicas en la producción de estos fenómenos. Sin embargo, las investigaciones cualitativas sobre estas temáticas continúan estudiando de modo prioritario a las escuelas de sectores bajos. Por acción u omisión, se opera un "eclipsamiento" sobre las realidades cotidianas de los sectores altos que podría contribuir a construir a la conflictividad como rasgo propio de las escuelas vulnerables y, por extensión, de sus estudiantes. En este trabajo, desde un enfoque cualitativo, abordamos comparativamente algunos aspectos de la conflictividad cotidiana en dos escuelas de la ciudad de Córdoba Capital. Nuestros análisis abonan la hipótesis de que la conflictividad en distintos sectores sociales podría no diferir cabalmente en sus tipos de manifestaciones, aunque sí en las connotaciones situacionales que los incidentes adquieren, según los marcos desde los cuales son interpretados. Dichos marcos revelan una moralización de los incidentes, que parece operar de modo diferencial en la producción de sujetos morales, aspecto que debería atenderse en el diseño de políticas de convivencia.
Metáforas del rol docente en una intervención sobre acoso escolar
Authors: Podestá González Sonia Pía
Published: March 2019

Diferentes perspectivas han abordado el fenómeno del bullying o acoso escolar: centradas en el individuo, en las interacciones y el contexto en general. Las miradas actuales abordan el contexto en el que surge esta problemática, centrando la mirada en los procesos de socialización y con ello, en los diferentes actores involucrados. Estas perspectivas se traducen en cambios sobre la comprensión del rol docente y sus funciones dentro de la intervención escolar. El artículo tiene como objetivo presentar un análisis del rol docente y la participación en proyectos de intervención escolar a partir de la campaña de sensibilización «Stop Bullying» realizada en el año 2017 en Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, España. Se realiza un análisis cualitativo de carácter metafórico, a partir la observación participante. Se construyen 5 metáforas sobre el rol docente en proyectos de intervención, como recursos metodológicos que nos permiten comprender y conceptualizar su participación en este tipo de experiencias.
El registro de incidentes de violencia como política de convivencia escolar en México
Authors: Perales Franco Cristina
Published: March 2019

En México, la convivencia escolar se ha posicionado como una prioridad de la política educativa. En el presente artículo se analizan las orientaciones e implicaciones de la misma a través de la revisión específica de una de sus acciones más representativas: el registro de incidentes de conducta agresiva o violenta. Este análisis se deriva de una investigación etnográfica más amplia realizada en dos escuelas primarias públicas mexicanas. Primero, se especifica el marco analítico utilizado, que se basa en una diferenciación entre perspectivas restringidas y amplias o comprehensivas de convivencia y se da cuenta de la metodología etnográfica desarrollada. Posteriormente, en relación a los resultados, se hace un análisis de la política a nivel normativo y se detalla la puesta en práctica e implicaciones del registro de los incidentes de agresión y de violencia como práctica de diagnóstico de convivencia. Finalmente, se argumenta porqué esta política presenta una visión restringida de convivencia y cuáles son sus implicaciones, y se especifica la necesidad de reorientar la política educativa hacia visiones más comprehensivas de convivencia para desarrollar relaciones pacíficas, inclusivas y democráticas.
Estudio de la implementación del Programa Nacional de Convivencia Escolar (PNCE) en una entidad federativa mexicana
Authors: Chaparro Caso-López Alicia Alelí , Mora Osuna Noé , Medrano Gallegos Viviana
Published: March 2019

El Programa Nacional de Convivencia Escolar se lleva a cabo en México, con el propósito de impulsar ambientes de convivencia en las escuelas que favorezcan el aprendizaje de los estudiantes. El estudio que se presenta tuvo como objetivo evaluar su implementación con base en el modelo CIPP. Para ello se recabó información cualitativa de las 34 sesiones de capacitación del PNCE en cinco municipios de un estado del país; así como información cuantitativa derivada de la aplicación de una encuesta en 100 escuelas de educación básica (preescolar, primaria y secundaria).  Los resultados mostraron que, aun cuando los participantes reconocen la necesidad del programa y valoran la utilidad de este, existen aspectos a mejorar. Se concluye que el PNCE es un programa que puede optimizar sus resultados e impacto si incorpora un proceso de sensibilización previo a su implementación, la entrega puntual y completa de los materiales, la mejora del proceso de capacitación y acompañamiento, y el cumplimiento de todas las actividades del programa, incorporándolas en la planeación escolar y el programa educativo de los centros escolares.
De la microviolencia al clima escolar: Claves de comprensión desde el discurso de profesores
Authors: Retamal Salazar Jaime , González García Sebastián Omar
Published: March 2019

La violencia escolar ha sido estudiada desde diversas tradiciones epistemológicas y modelos metodológicos. Este trabajo presenta una investigación cualitativa que buscó vincular la comprensión hermenéutica de Éric Debarbieux sobre la microviolencia escolar con la percepción del clima escolar, en profesoras y profesores de escuelas públicas de Santiago de Chile, que en promedio tienen más de treinta años de experiencia laboral en el sistema escolar. Se llevaron a cabo ocho entrevistas semiestructuradas y los datos fueron analizados mediante Teoría Fundamentada. Los resultados mostraron que la microviolencia escolar y el clima escolar son estructurados fundamentalmente desde un discurso explicativo crítico al neoliberalismo y a la construcción socio-escolar derivada de éste.
Editorial Sección Temática Violencia y convivencia escolar en América Latina: Políticas, prácticas, marcos de comprensión y acción
Authors: López Verónica , Ascorra Paula , Litichever Lucía , Ochoa Cervantes Azucena
Published: March 2019

Esta sección temática aporta con investigaciones empíricas, investigaciones teóricas o sistematización de intervenciones a la discusión sobre políticas, prácticas y marcos sobre la violencia escolar, convivencia escolar y clima escolar. Los artículos que se publica, autoras y autores se aproximan al tema desde la revisión del concepto de convivencia escolar; el rol docente y su función en la intervención escolar; estrategias participativas y pedagógicas para facilitar una mejor convivencia escolar; el uso de dispositivos sociotécnicos como métodos de regulación de la convivencia y factores claves para comprender la traducción de políticas públicas en prácticas locales; el registro de incidentes de conductas agresivas o violentas; la puesta en práctica de programas estatales para una mejor convivencia; el análisis sobre la influencia de la microviolencia en el clima de aula; el análisis comparativo respecto de la violencia o conflicto escolar en escuelas pertenecientes a clases altas y bajas; la criminalización de los estudiantes en la prensa y sus repercusiones, hasta la comprensión de las prácticas de autolesión y suicidio y la necesidad de pensar una intervención socioeducativa. Estos artículos inéditos reflejan una mirada acuciosa, fruto de investigaciones rigurosas basadas en diversas aproximaciones metodológicas y analíticas.
Emission inventory of semi-volatile and intermediate volatility organic compounds and theireffectson SOA over the Pearl River Delta region
Authors: Wu Liqing , Wang Xuemei , Lu Sihua , Shao Min , Ling Zhenhao
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Semi-volatile and intermediate volatility organic compounds (S/IVOCs) are considered as critical precursors of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), which is an important component of fine particulate matter (PM2.5). However, the knowledge on the contributions of S/IVOCs to SOA is still poorly understood in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region, southern China. Therefore, in this study, an emission inventory of S/IVOCs in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region was developed for the first time for the year 2010. The S/IVOCs emission was calculated based on a parameterization method involving the emissions factors of POA (primary organic aerosol), emission ratios of S/IVOCs to POA, and domestic activity data. The total emission of S/IVOCs was estimated to be 323.4 Gg, with major emissions from central cities in PRD, i.e., Guangzhou, Foshan, and Shenzhen. On-road mobile sources and industries were the two major contributors of S/IVOC emissions, with contributions of ~ 42 % and ~ 35 %, respectively. Furthermore, uncertainties of the emission inventory were evaluated through Monte Carlo simulation. The uncertainties ranged from −79 % to 229 %, which could be mainly attributed to mass fractions of OC (organic compound) to PM2.5 from on-road mobile emissions and emission ratios of IVOCs/POA. The developed S/IVOC emission inventory was further incorporated into the Weather Research and Forecasting with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model with a volatility basis-set (VBS) approach to improve the performance of SOA simulation and to evaluate the influence of S/IVOCs on SOA formation at a receptor site (Wan Qing Sha (WQS) site) of PRD. The following results could be obtained: (1) The model could resolve about 34 % on average of observed SOA concentrations at WQS after considering the emissions of S/IVOCs, and 18 %–77 % with the uncertainties of the S/IVOC emission inventory considered. (2) The simulated SOA over the PRD region was increased by 161 % with the input of S/IVOC emissions, and it could be decreased to 126 % after the reaction coefficient of S/IVOCs with OH radical was improved. (3) Among all anthropogenic sources of S/IVOCs, industrial emission was the most significant contributor of S/IVOCs for SOA formation, followed by on-road mobile, dust, biomass burning, residential, and off-road mobile emissions. Overall, this study firstly quantified emissions of S/IVOCs and evaluated their roles in SOA formation over PRD, which contribute towards significantly improving SOA simulation and better understanding of SOA formation mechanisms in PRD and other regions in China.
A new method of inferring the size, number density, and charge of mesospheric dust from its in situ collection by the DUSTY probe
Authors: Havnes Ove , Antonsen Tarjei , Baumgarten Gerd , Hartquist Thomas W. , Biebricher Alexander , Fredriksen Åshild , Friedrich Martin , Hedin Jonas
Published: March 2019

Abstract. We present a new method of analyzing measurements of mesospheric
dust made with DUSTY rocket-borne Faraday cup probes. It can yield the
variation in fundamental dust parameters through a mesospheric cloud with an
altitude resolution down to 10 cm or less if plasma probes give the plasma
density variations with similar height resolution. A DUSTY probe was the
first probe that unambiguously detected charged dust and aerosol particles in
the Earth's mesosphere. DUSTY excluded the ambient plasma by various biased
grids, which however allowed dust particles with radii above a few nanometers
to enter, and it measured the flux of charged dust particles. The flux
measurements directly yielded the total ambient dust charge density. We extend the analysis of DUSTY data by using the impact currents on its main
grid and the bottom plate as before, together with a dust charging model and
a secondary charge production model, to allow the determination of
fundamental parameters, such as dust radius, charge number, and total dust
density. We demonstrate the utility of the new analysis technique by
considering observations made with the DUSTY probes during the MAXIDUSTY
rocket campaign in June–July 2016 and comparing the results with those of
other instruments (lidar and photometer) also used in the campaign. In the
present version we have used monodisperse dust size distributions.
Laboratory and field evaluation of the Aerosol Dynamics Inc. concentrator (ADIc) for aerosol mass spectrometry
Authors: Saarikoski Sanna , Williams Leah R. , Spielman Steven R. , Lewis Gregory S. , Eiguren-Fernandez Arantzazu , Aurela Minna , Hering Susanne V. , Teinilä Kimmo , Croteau Philip , Jayne John T. , Hohaus Thorsten , Worsnop Douglas R. , Timonen Hilkka
Published: March 2019

Abstract. An air-to-air ultrafine particle concentrator (Aerosol Dynamics Inc. concentrator; ADIc) has been designed to enhance on-line chemical characterization of ambient aerosols by aerosol mass spectrometry. The ADIc employs a three-stage, moderated water-based condensation growth tube coupled to an aerodynamic focusing nozzle to concentrate ultrafine particles into a portion of the flow. The system can be configured to sample between 1.0–1.7 L min−1 with an output concentrated flow between 0.08–0.12 L min−1, resulting in a theoretical concentration factor (sample flow/output flow) ranging from 8 to 21. Laboratory tests with monodisperse particles show that the ADIc is effective for particles as small as 10 nm. Laboratory experiments conducted with the Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) showed no shift in the particle size after the ADIc, as measured by the AMS particle time-of-flight. The ADIc-AMS system was operated unattended over a one-month period near Boston, Massachusetts. Comparison to a parallel AMS without the concentrator showed concentration factors of 9.7 ± 0.15 and 9.1 ± 0.1 for sulfate and nitrate, respectively, when operated with a theoretical concentration factor of 10.5 ± 0.3. Concentration factor of organics was lower, possibly due to the presence of large particles from nearby road-paving operations, and a difference in aerodynamic lens cutoff between the two AMS instruments. Another field deployment was carried out in Helsinki, Finland. Two ~ 10-day measurement periods showed good correlation for the concentrations of organics, sulfate, nitrate and ammonium measured with an Aerosol Chemical Speciation Monitor (ACSM) after the ADIc, and a parallel AMS without the concentrator. Additional experiments with an AMS alternating between the ADIc and a bypass line demonstrated that the concentrator did not change the size distribution or the chemistry of the ambient aerosol particles.
Cuckoo Constancy? Paradise Regained and the Book of Common Prayer Debates
Authors: Zhang Rachel
Published: March 2019

John Milton's Paradise Regained is typically contextualized within the politics of the Restoration; this article, however, argues that his 1671 poem recapitulates his antiliturgical arguments of the 1640s. Juxtaposing Milton's antiliturgical pamphlets, Eikon Basilike, and Eikonoklastes, I show the common interest in the language of “constancy” amid the debate over the use of the Book of Common Prayer. This language resurfaces in Paradise Regained, where the “constant” Son belatedly counters Eikon's cooption of constancy in the prayer book debates. The Son's famously interior, inward understanding of faith—expressed as neostoic “constancy”—rebuts arguments for the use of external forms of liturgy, rehearsing language and imagery from Milton's 1640s prose. Milton consequently emerges as a figure both retrograde and innovative, using old arguments and royalists' own terms in an unprecedented generic context to assert his defiance against the restoration of the English liturgy.
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis of Teacher Self-Efficacy Factors Influencing Literacy and Numeracy
Authors: Sio Jyh Lih Jarrod , Ismail Ramlee Bin
Published: March 2019

This paper discusses the teacher efficacy factors contributing to student achievement in literacy and numeracy in 105primary schools within Sibu division, Sarawak, Malaysia. The study observed high levels of practice for teacherefficacy. The t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze the differences between gender,teaching experience and academic qualification. The study reported significant differences in respondent perceptionsbased on teaching experience. Here, the post hoc Tukey test revealed that efficaciousness grows with years of teachingexperience. A correlation test observed a significant relationship between the independent variable with studentachievement in literacy. Binary logistic regression was applied to predict the influence of teacher efficacy on literacyand numeracy. The findings revealed that a dimension of teacher self-efficacy – efficacy in student engagement -emerged as the best predictor for student achievement for English literacy (LBI). The result indicated that for every1-point increase in the self-reported efficacy for student engagement, the school was .014 times less likely to achieve100% literacy rate for LBI. In conclusion, the teacher’s self-efficacy in student engagement had a negative influence onthe mastery of basic literacy for the English language, hence necessitating a closer inspection of the variable within thecontext of LINUS2.0. However, more comprehensive studies are needed to ascertain its consistency as well asinvestigating positive predictors for literacy.
Chemical, physical and mineralogical attributes of the soils of the Sertanejo pediplain in the sisal-growing areas of the semiarid Bahia
Authors: Sacramento José Augusto Amorim Silva do , Santos Jorge Antonio Gonzada , Costa Oldair Vinhas , Moreira Léo Jakson da Silva , Cova Alide Mitsue Watanabe , Bomfim Marcela Rebouças
Published: March 2019

Information and available knowledge of the soils of the Sertanejo pediplain are relatively scarce and restricted to survey data. Researches about soil characterization and classification contributes to the knowledge of different soil orders within a region and allows information to be obtained systemically based on the physical, chemical, and mineralogical properties of the soil. This study aimed to evaluate the genesis of the Sertanejo pediplain soils, through the characterization of the chemical and mineralogical properties and classification of the soils of the sisal-growing region. Five soil profiles located in Araci, Retirolândia, St. Dominic, and Valente, cities located in the sisal-growing areas of the Bahia semiarid region, were studied, described morphologically, and analyzed for chemical (pH H2O and KCl, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, Al3+, H+ + Al3+, P, and TOC) and mineralogical attributes. Most evaluated soil classes were formed by lithological discontinuity of material. The main processes involved in the formation of such soil classes were: cumulization, accretion, and lessivage. The mineralogy of the clay fraction observed was complex and included a variety of minerals, with a predominance of kaolinite and bayerite. In addition, we also found goethite and illite in most of the studied profiles, both in the sediment, horizons P1 C2, and in the crystalline horizon P1 Cr, P2 Bi, P3 2Cr, and P5 Bi. The soils were classified up to the fourth category level, as Entisol Eutrophic Inceptisol (RRE), Alfisols Haplic typical Eutrophic (SXE), and Inceptisols Ta Eutrophic vertissólico (CXve).
Sanitary aspects of the herd and milk quality in family farming properties in the Western Amazon
Authors: Lopes Marcos Aurelio , Reis Eduardo Mitke Brandão , Demeu Fabiana Alves , Bruhn Fabio Raphael Pascotti , Lima Andre Luis Ribeiro , Benedicto Gideon Carvalho , Costa Geraldo Marcio da , Berbari Neto Felipe
Published: March 2019

The aim of this study was to analyze 100 dairy farms under family farming regime from the mesoregion of the Acre Valley in the Western Amazon, regarding the sanitary and milk quality aspects, considering different levels of milk yield. The data were collected from March to June 2016, from a semi-structured form, containing 301 questions, through on-site observation, as well as the answers obtained with the owners; and recorded in SPSS® spreadsheets. The descriptive statistics was adopted and, with the aid of the cluster analysis methodology, the cowmen were divided into two clusters with different characteristics in terms of productivity (higher and lower). Some relevant differences among the properties were identified: those belonging to the higher productivity cluster had higher family income and showed greater use of technologies, such as expansion tank and milking machine. In addition, they showed higher vaccination rates against clostridial diseases and rabies. Regarding milk quality, there was higher pre-dipping indices. Milk analyses (somatic cell count, total bacteria count, temperature, protein, fat, bacterial inhibitors, reductase and milk solids-not-fat) were performed on any property. It was concluded that actions are needed to improve productivity and aspects related to milk quality.
Effect of post-grazing residual leaf blade-length on the regrowth vigor of Piatã grass grazed under intermittent stocking
Authors: Costa Junior Wagner Soares da , Alexandrino Emerson , Paula Neto Joaquim José de , Rezende José Messias de
Published: March 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of post-grazing residual leaf blades (RLB) of different lengths on the morphogenic and structural characteristics of Urochloa brizantha ‘Piatã’ grazed upon by beef cattle. A completely randomized design was used, with three RLB lengths (2, 4, and 6 cm) and two paddocks as replicates over two grazing seasons (wet and wet-dry transition). To monitor the weekly forage growth, two representative clumps and 48 tillers per treatment were marked after grazing. The procedure continued until the plants reached the target pre-grazing height of 35–40 cm. Morphogenic characteristics were not affected by the treatments or seasons, with minor changes observed in mean sheath length (MSL) within season and tiller population density (TPD). The MSL reached its peak value of 210.37 mm during the wet season relative to 175.89 mm during the wet-dry transition. The TPD reached its lowest value (680 tillers m-2) at the highest defoliation intensity (2 cm) relative to that at the lowest defoliation intensity (720 tillers m-2). The different RLB lengths modified canopy height variably; canopy height was the highest with the 6 cm leaves (24.31 cm), but did not vary between the 2 cm and 4 cm leaves. The post-grazing leaf area index and interception of photosynthetically active radiation were modified by season. The highest defoliation intensity (2 cm) increased the rest period by seven days when compared with the lowest defoliation intensity (6 cm).
Effect of workforce diversity on the cost-effectiveness of milk production systems participating in the “full bucket” program
Authors: Lopes Marcos Aurelio , Moraes Flavio De , Carvalho Francisval Melo , Bruhn Fabio Raphael Pascotti , Lima Andre Luis Ribeiro , Reis Eduardo Mitke Brandão
Published: March 2019

This study aimed to analyze the effect of each workforce type on the cost-effectiveness of 20 dairy farms participating in the “Full Bucket” program, from January to December 2011, in the State of Rio de Janeiro. A stepwise multiple linear regression was used to identify the production cost components that most affected net margin, profitability, and cost-effectiveness. Workforce type influenced both profitability and cost-effectiveness, as well as total production cost. Economic analysis showed that farms with a hired workforce had the lowest total unit costs and a positive result. This way, the activity is able to produce in the long term and farmers are capitalizing. The farms that adopted mixed and family workforce had a positive net margin and a negative result, obtaining conditions to produce in the medium term. The highest representativeness on the items of effective operating cost in the family workforce stratum, in a descending order, were food, miscellaneous expenses, and energy. The most representative items in the mixed and hired workforce strata were food, workforce, and miscellaneous expenses.
Whole and ground grain sorghum and the free choice feeding system in broiler diets
Authors: Fagundes Cleber , Fernandes Evandro De Abreu , Litz Fernanda Heloisa
Published: March 2019

This experiment evaluates the zootechnical performance, yield of cuts, carcass composition, and intake of metabolizable energy, lysine, and methionine + cystine in male broilers from 21 to 42 days of age fed diets based on whole and ground grain sorghum and corn. A total of 112 birds of the Cobb 500 lineage were divided into 28 cages (four animals per cage) in a completely randomized design with four treatments and seven replications. Treatments consisted of diets based on ground corn and soybean meal (control, T1), ground sorghum and soybean meal (treatment 2, T2), whole grain sorghum and soybean meal (treatment 3, T3), and the diet T3 separated in feeders in the fractions (a) whole grain sorghum and (b) concentrate containing the other ingredients of the mixed feed (free choice feeding) (treatment 4, T4). The variables feed intake, body weight, feed conversion, viability, breast, drumstick and thigh yield , bromatological composition of breast and drumstick + thigh, and daily intakes of metabolizable energy, lysine and methionine + cystine were studied. The whole grain sorghum in diets is viable, contributes to reducing factory and logistics costs in the poultry industry, and promotes the same results of zootechnical performance, yields, and bromatological composition of cuts when compared to diets with ground corn and sorghum. Diets with whole grain sorghum in the free choice feeding system may be a viable alternative because birds sought to meet their daily needs for metabolizable energy and digestible amino acids even in short periods of adaptation to the diets, as demonstrated in the experiment.
Ingestive behavior and temperament of Nellore cattle classified for residual feed intake
Authors: Aldrighi Julian , Branco Renata Helena , Cyrillo Joslaine Noely dos Santos Gonçalves , Magnani Elaine , Nascimento Cleisy Ferreira do , Bonilha Sarah Figueiredo Martins , Mercadante Maria Eugênia Zerlotti
Published: March 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between ingestive behavior, temperament and residual feed intake (RFI) in Nellore cattle. Sixty-two bulls and 56 heifers after weaning, housed in individual pens, were evaluated in individual performance tests. Animals were classified as low RFI ( 0.135 kg day-1; greater than mean plus 0.5 standard deviation). Ingestive behavior was evaluated for 24 h by direct observation, every 24 days in bulls or every 10 days in heifers. Temperament was assessed by flight speed, reactivity in mobile confinement, composite score, and serum cortisol measurement. The most efficient animals (low RFI, 5.6 kg DM day-1) consumed 7% less feed than animals with medium efficiency (mean RFI, 6.0 kg DM day-1) and 13% less than the least efficient animals (high RFI, 6.34 kg DM day-1). More feed efficient animals spent a longer time feeding and ruminating per kg of DM consumed. Similarly, more efficient animals consumed less DM per hour and ruminated less DM per hour, but made the same number of visits to the feed bunk. High-efficiency animals were 13% and 35% faster to walk 1.77 m after release from the scale than medium- and low-efficiency animals, respectively, suggesting a more reactive temperament without differences in reactivity, composite score, or serum cortisol. Feed efficiency is associated with ingestive behavior and temperament in Nellore cattle. More efficient animals consume and ruminate less feed over the same period of time than animals with medium and low feed efficiency. In addition, more efficient animals exhibit a faster flight speed and are more reactive than less efficient animals.
Nurses Journey of Postoperative Pediatric Pain Care: A Qualitative Study Using Participation Observation in Indonesia
Authors: Mediani Henny Suzana , Ikeu Nurhidayah Ikeu , Mardhiyah Ai , Hendrawati Sri
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUND: Unrelieved post-operative pain in children continues to be a major clinical problem, despite advances in pain management in Indonesia. The significance of the study is to address the gap in nurses’ knowledge of pain management may be having. The study aim was to examine nurses post-operative pain care in an Indonesian Hospital.

METHODS: A naturalistic, observational qualitative approach was undertaken to observe16 participating nurses who cared for 16 children post-surgery. Each participant was observed continuously during three to four shifts of 5 h each over a 2-month period. Content analysis was performed to interpret the results.

RESULTS: We found that, in general, the nurses did not routinely and comprehensively assess the extent to which the children were in pain post-surgery and that they rarely used non-pharmacological interventions. Such these interventions were often conducted by parents. However, the nurses readily provided analgesic drugs as needed to the children, especially during the first 48 h post-operative period. Our findings support those of previous studies that found the role of nurses in pain management is primarily administration of analgesic drugs. Moreover, such pain care did not conform to recommendations based on current evidence.

CONCLUSIONS: Post-operative pain care by nurses in a pediatric surgical ward were still un-optimal. These findings increase our knowledge and understanding about the complexities of postoperative pain care of children in Indonesia. Post-operative pain management in pediatric patients could be improved by increasing cooperation among healthcare professionals and parents. Post-operative pain management should be always put as a priority
Personalmanagement - Personalentwicklung
Authors: Wöhrle Armin , Gruna Peggy , Kolhoff Ludger , Kortendieck Georg , Nöbauer Brigitta , Tabatt-Hirschfeldt Andrea , Zillmann Raik
Published: March 2019

In socio-economics, managing personnel has become central to ensuring organisations’ survival. Organisations have had to reorganise themselves and they need highly qualified personnel. In addition, the lack of such employees has become palpable and will only intensify. However, instead of such organisations reacting to the growing demands of the market with appropriate incentives, as profit-oriented businesses have done, the competition for public contracts in the social economy combined with fragmented salary agreements has led to deteriorating wages and precarious employment relationships. Against this backdrop, personnel management has little room for manoeuvre, but still has to look to the future. This textbook introduces students to the basic principles of personnel management and development, and provides appropriate suggestions as to which strategic and operative instruments can open up new opportunities in order for even small organisations to be successful.
UN-Women
Authors: Bloch Yanina
Published: March 2019

UN Women – a successful reform with regard to the issue of gender equality within the United Nations or another missed opportunity? An initial assessment after seven years shows where initial successes could be achieved and which challenges will perhaps fatally contribute to the failure of the new institutions for women’s rights and gender equality.
This work takes a look back into the institutional and political history of the United Nations to help the reader understand which innovations were introduced into the United Nations’ system by the founding of UN Women, in order to shed light on the development of women’s rights since the founding of the UN. Furthermore, it analyses in detail the existing failings of international law with regard to the rights and protection of women. Finally, the author gives a concrete assessment of the institutional, political and legal progress and the existing shortcomings in this respect as well as her own recommendations for action.
SQUID Magnetometers, Josephson Junctions, Confinement and BCS Theory of Superconductivity
Authors: Khaneja Navin
Published: March 2019

A superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) is the most sensitive magnetic flux sensor currently known. The SQUID can be seen as a flux to voltage converter, and it can generally be used to sense any quantity that can be transduced into a magnetic flux, such as electrical current, voltage, position, etc. The extreme sensitivity of the SQUID is utilized in many different fields of applications, including biomagnetism, materials science, metrology, astronomy and geophysics. The heart of a squid magnetometer is a tunnel junction between two superconductors called a Josephson junction. Understanding the work of these devices rests fundamentally on the BCS theory of superconductivity. In this chapter, we introduce the notion of local potential and confinement in superconductivity. We show how BCS ground state is formed from interaction of wave packets confined to these local potential wells. The starting point of the BCS theory of superconductivity is a phonon-mediated second-order term that describes scattering of electron pair at Fermi surface with momentum k i , − k i and energy 2 ℏ ω i to k j , − k j with energy 2 ℏ ω j . The transition amplitude is M = − d 2 ω d ω i − ω j 2 − ω d 2 , where d is the phonon scattering rate and ω d is the Debye frequency. However, in the presence of offset ω i − ω j , there is also a present transition between states k i , − k i and k j , − k i of sizable amplitude much larger than M . How are we justified in neglecting this term and only retaining M ? In this chapter, we show all this is justified if we consider phonon-mediated transition between wave packets of finite width instead of electron waves. These wave packets are in their local potentials and interact with other wave packets in the same well to form a local BCS state we also call BCS molecule. Finally, we apply the formalism of superconductivity in finite size wave packets to high Tc in cuprates. The copper electrons in narrow d-band live as packets to minimize the repulsion energy. The phonon-mediated coupling between wave packets (of width Debye energy) is proportional to the number of k-states in a packet, which becomes large in narrow d-band (10 times s-band); hence, d-wave Tc is larger (10 times s-wave). At increased doping, packet size increases beyond the Debye energy, and phonon-mediated coupling develops a repulsive part, destroying superconductivity at large doping levels.
O perfil socioeconômico dos municípios mineradores paraenses: formação de clusters a partir do IFIRJAN
Authors: Leite Alegria Dos Santos , Filgueiras Gisalda Carvalho , Martins Carlos Eduardo Rodrigues , Ramos Suellen Souza
Published: March 2019

O artigo objetiva analisar o perfil socioeconômico a partir da formação de clusters dos municípios mineradores do estado do Pará. Para tanto, utilizou-se o IFIRJAN- 2010 nos 31 municípios que apresentaram a atividade mineradora com alguma relevância econômica. Destarte, foram utilizadas técnicas de pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa por meio de análise estatística multivariada com a finalidade de detectar e identificar agrupamentos similares de municípios em termos econômico-sociais com a finalidade de traçar o perfil da mineração no estado do Pará, uma vez que, em 2013, a mineração respondeu por um terço do PIB do estado e 88% do valor das exportações. A análise descritiva dos resultados da pesquisa demonstrou índices bastante baixos, o que aponta para uma pequena importância da atividade mineral na elevação dos pesos dos subíndices do IFIRJAN atribuída aos aspectos referentes ao emprego e renda, educação e saúde. A análise de cluster permitiu a classificação dos municípios mineradores em três grupos, sendo que o maior deles, com 39% dos municípios apresentaram os melhores resultados nos subíndices do IFIRJAN (embora não proporcionais à dimensão econômica da mineração neste aglomerado), bem como PIB, taxa de desflorestamento e vínculos empregatícios. Ademais, os outros dois clusters apresentaram atividades ainda incipientes e com fases iniciais de exploração mineral.
Custos para o setor público na atuação como mercado para agricultura familiar no PAA em Toledo-PR
Authors: Souza Karine Daniele Byhain de , Leismann Edison Luiz , Brandalise Loreni Teresinha
Published: March 2019

Este estudo teve como temática a verificação dos custos para o setor público na atuação como mercado para a produção da agricultura familiar na execução do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos no município de Toledo-PR. A metodologia adotada foi a coleta de dados por meio da pesquisa documental nos processos licitatórios do município e em websites governamentais, verificando-se os valores pagos em licitações e por meio do programa em 2015. A análise dos dados foi realizada com a aplicação da estatística descritiva que identificou que o custo para o setor público, ao comprar produtos da agricultura familiar, é inferior ao adquirir produtos por meio de licitação, não havendo subsídio. Concluiu-se que é necessário uma revisão da metodologia de formação de preços dos produtos do PAA, objetivando estimular a participação dos agricultores familiares no programa de aquisição de alimentos.
Parque Nacional do Monte Roraima: conflitos no uso e produção do território
Authors: Sartori Oséias Cordeiro , Bethonico Maria Bárbara Magalhães
Published: March 2019

O presente estudo prioriza as análises dos conflitos decorrentes da criação de uma unidade de conservação de proteção integral em território indígena. Fundamentando-se no conceito de território como categoria de análise, o caso da dupla afetação envolvendo o Parque Nacional do Monte Roraima e a Terra Indígena Raposa Serra do Sol-Roraima foi utilizado como suporte às discussões. A construção da reflexão foi possibilitada pelo cruzamento de informações oriundas de levantamento bibliográfico, análise documental, entrevistas e observações. Os resultados indicaram que as restrições impostas às negociações dificultam o estabelecimento de parcerias, suscitando o desenvolvimento de um instrumento de gestão de conflitos capaz de comportar interesses diversos e permitir o livre exercício da autonomia dos sujeitos envolvidos.
Conflitos envolvendo colonizadores e indígenas em áreas territoriais da bacia hidrográfica do Taquari-Antas, Rio Grande do Sul
Authors: Vedoy Moisés Ilair Blum , Laroque Luís Fernando da Silva , Machado Neli Teresinha Galarce
Published: March 2019

O objetivo do artigo consiste em analisar os conflitos entre indígenas e colonizadores envolvendo o estabelecimento de sesmarias e fazendas em territórios da bacia hidrográfica do rio Taquari- Antas, na primeira metade do século XIX. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo recorrendo à abordagem etno-histórica para a revisão bibliográfica e análise das fontes documentais encontradas no Arquivo Histórico e Público do Rio Grande do Sul. Inicialmente, apresenta-se o avanço da Frente de Expansão do Estado Nacional brasileiro em direção aos territórios da bacia hidrográfica do Taquari-Antas, por meio do estabelecimento de sesmarias e fazendas erguidas em tradicionais territórios dos indígenas Kaingang. Na sequência, analisam-se os conflitos ocorridos entre os Kaingang e os membros da frente de expansão ao longo das décadas de 1830 e 1840. Constatou-se que os conflitos ocorridos se deram em decorrência de lógicas culturais distintas entre os grupos envolvidos, pois, enquanto, para os Kaingang, os territórios e seus recursos eram concebidos como algo coletivo, para os colonizadores eram tomados como algo privado.
PORTO-GONÇALVES, Carlos Walter. Amazônia: encruzilhada civilizatória, tensões territoriais em curso. Rio de Janeiro: Consequência, 2017
Authors: Macedo Tarcízio , Souza Kelvin Santos de , Barbosa Maria Christina Monteiro , Rocha Sandra De Lima
Published: March 2019

Resenha do Livro "Amazônia: encruzilhada civilizatória, tensões territoriais em curso", de Carlos Walter Porto-Gonçalves, ensaio desenvolvido como parte dos seus estudos durante o estágio pós-doutoral desenvolvido, entre 2016 a 2017, no Programa Interdisciplinar em Ciências Humanas, Sociedade e Meio Ambiente da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC). Publicado em 2017 pela Editora Consequência, no Rio de Janeiro.
When Gym Met Dewey: The Unexpected Collaboration of the Library and Physical Education
Authors: Derby Breon , Benvenga Emily
Published: March 2019

A whole-school approach to education integrates multiple components of the school system to create balanced, well-rounded students who can transfer and apply knowledge and skills into their current, and future, lives.Supporting and incorporating cross-disciplinary units, lessons, and ideas fosters student engagement, helps students build connections and form relationships between topics and disciplines, provides students a chance to explore and discover a deeper meaning and understanding of multiple concepts, and allows students to apply their knowledge and skills. One cross-disciplinary connection not often considered—or seen—is how the library can support the physical education classroom.