bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Vicissitudes de l’oralité dans une thérapie de couple
Authors: Jadeau Ellen
Published: June 2018

L’auteure décrit la clinique d’un couple pris dans un lien de co-dépendance et situe son travail d’écoute dans l’approche psychanalytique du couple comme entité groupale. Les modalités de violence dans le lien de couple révèlent un fonctionnement paradoxal dans lequel l’oralité prend une place particulière. La relation de transfert permet d’éclairer l’avidité et la nécessité de relation fusionnelle. Des éléments transgénérationnels permettent de comprendre les soubassements narcissiques du vécu d’effondrement de chacun (mère dépressive, deuil d’enfant) qui mène au recours à des conduites violentes dans le couple.
Naissance, réorganisation ou formalisation d’un système d’information ? La propreté des rues de Paris, XVI e -XVIII e  siècles
Authors: Lyon-Caen Nicolas , Morera Raphaël
Published: June 2018

L’organisation des flux de toute nature constitue un enjeu majeur de l’urbanisation, tout à la fois technique, politique et administratif. Parmi eux, celui des déchets conditionne la croissance et la salubrité urbaine. Dans le Paris d’Ancien Régime, les modalités de collecte et d’évacuation des déchets n’ont pas bénéficié de fortes évolutions techniques. En revanche, leur organisation a connu des changements notables. Alors qu’elle relevait très largement de la compétence des citadins eux-mêmes au XVII e siècle, à travers un système de représentation, elle a progressivement été captée par la monarchie qui y trouvait un intérêt pécuniaire. Ce faisant, la collecte des déchets a été intégrée au système financier et administratif de l’État royal au travers de la Lieutenance générale de police. Elle a surtout été dès lors soumise à un contrôle tatillon à l’origine de la production de données abondantes, localisées et désormais centralisées. De la sorte, les administrateurs du XVIII e siècle connaissaient bien les flux de matières produites par la consommation urbaine. Pourtant, si ce contrôle fournissait des informations précises, celles-ci n’ont jamais été utilisées que dans une optique comptable, pour vérifier la bonne exécution des marchés, et non dans une perspective prévisionnelle ou anticipatrice.
Capter et cartographier les pratiques et désirs des Américains en matière de mobilité urbaine (de l’entre-deux-guerres aux années 1960)
Authors: Chatzis Konstantinos
Published: June 2018

Vers 1900, seules 8000 automobiles environ sont immatriculées aux États-Unis. Au seuil de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, leur nombre avoisine les 32,5 millions, à savoir une voiture pour trois Américains de plus de 15 ans, ratio qui passe à 1,7 en 1960 (il sera de 1,09 en 1985). Une telle augmentation du nombre de voitures et des trafics (notamment urbains) sur le réseau autoroutier du pays pousse les ingénieurs de l’État fédéral ( Bureau of Public Roads ) à entreprendre, à partir des années 1920 notamment, de larges enquêtes de trafic dans le but de concevoir de façon rationnelle un réseau capable de satisfaire les souhaits des ménages américains en matière de mobilité. À partir du milieu des années 1940, une technique d’enquête particulière, la Home interview (« enquête ménages déplacements », en français), va s’imposer comme dispositif central d’obtention d’informations sur les origines et les destinations des déplacements urbains des citadins américains. Le présent article analyse les principales caractéristiques de ce type d’enquête et leur évolution dans le temps, et identifie les conditions d’émergence et les missions que la Home interview est censée remplir pour le compte de la première « société automobile » au monde.
La grande stagnation : un nouveau débat d’économistes… en attendant la synthèse ?
Authors: Le Merrer Pascal
Published: June 2018

Allons-nous vers une longue période de croissance ralentie ? Le débat s’est imposé depuis 2011 avec des analyses qui ne se limitent pas à une opposition entre réponses positives (épuisement des gains de productivité, insuffisance de la demande) et approches « optimistes » (nouvelle vague d’innovations, potentiel des réformes structurelles). Les travaux se multiplient pour apporter de nouveaux éclairages, sur les problèmes de mesure du progrès technique, sur les interactions entre le réel et le financier, enfin sur des mécanismes de divergence et d’obstacle à la diffusion des gains de productivité.
Dispositif d’accompagnement professionnel pour optimiser la mise en œuvre d’une période d’activité physique quotidienne en milieu scolaire
Authors: Beaudoin Sylvie , Turcotte Sylvain , Berrigan Félix , Gignac Catherine , Bernier Pierre-Michel
Published: June 2018

Cet article relate la conduite d’une recherche-action-formation auprès d’une équipe-école au degré d’enseignement primaire afin d’optimiser la mise en œuvre d’une période d’activité physique quotidienne. Un double dispositif d’accompagnement professionnel a été déployé pour soutenir les six enseignantes de classe 1 , avec la collaboration de l’enseignante en éducation physique et à la santé. Le dispositif collectif a consisté en la tenue de six rencontres de groupe ; le dispositif individuel s’est déployé en sous-groupes, en dyades et en solo. Les démarches ont été documentées à l’aide de bilans synthèses, de notes d’observation, du journal de bord du chercheur et des participantes. Les résultats montrent que les membres de l’équipe-école ont élaboré et implanté, individuellement et collectivement, différentes stratégies pour résoudre les problématiques identifiées et ainsi soutenir la mise en œuvre du projet. Les résultats soulignent l’importance de formuler des indicateurs de succès observables chez les élèves pour favoriser l’engagement des enseignantes dans le dispositif et la modification de leurs pratiques. Un des effets structurants du projet consiste en la création d’une structure d’accompagnement que le milieu scolaire considère efficace pour soutenir le personnel au quotidien.
Effets différenciés des pratiques en imagerie visuelle et proprioceptive sur la reproduction de configurations angulaires simples sur un mannequin
Authors: Robin Nicolas
Published: June 2018

Cette étude porte sur l’influence des modalités d’imagerie proprioceptive et visuelle utilisées au cours d’une pratique en imagerie motrice sur le développement de la précision de la reproduction de configurations corporelles sur un mannequin. Les participants étaient divisés en deux groupes. Un groupe a réalisé une pratique en imagerie visuelle (groupe IV), l’autre groupe a réalisé une pratique en imagerie proprioceptive (groupe IP). Le pré-test et les post-tests (10 min. et 24 h) étaient réalisés sur un mannequin équipé d’un potentiomètre goniométrique permettant de mesurer l’angle de l’articulation du genou. L’expérimentateur présentait une position d’encodage sur le mannequin puis les participants devaient présenter une position de rappel. Trois positions angulaires étaient utilisées (132°, 147° et 162°). Les résultats montrent que l’amélioration de la performance observée pour le groupe IP est durable tandis que, pour le groupe IV, cette amélioration est transitoire n’étant observée qu’au post-test 10 min. Les résultats de cette étude confirment le bénéfice de la pratique en imagerie et particulièrement de l’imagerie proprioceptive sur la reproduction de configurations corporelles simples sur mannequin.
Conditionnel temporel objectif et constructions non téléonomiques en français et en serbe
Authors: Asic Tijana , Bres Jacques , Dodig Milana , Torterat Frédéric
Published: June 2018

L’article analyse et compare trois constructions qui permettent de signifier, dans l’époque passée, la relation de progression temporelle effective entre un événement e 1 et un événement e 2 , les deux premières en français, la troisième en serbe : e 2 peut être actualisé au conditionnel objectif en français, ou intégré à une proposition subordonnée non téléonomique en français et en serbe. Après une description de ces trois constructions à partir d’un corpus d’une centaine d’occurrences pour chacun d’eux, on calcule le taux de transpositions possibles de l’un à l’autre tour, puis on analyse les raisons qui bloquent les transferts : elles tiennent à la structure de chacune de ces constructions et aux contraintes d’ordre syntaxique, sémantique et énonciatif qu’elle leur impose. Il apparaît que certaines de ces contraintes peuvent être comprises comme des rémanences du tour originel dont chacune des trois constructions procède.
Coplas de Las hazañas de los Macabeos
Authors: Martín Heredia María
Published: June 2018

Se presenta la edición transcrita del texto de la copia de Las hazañas de los Macabeos («Coplas de Hanuká»), a partir de dos ediciones aljamiadas del siglo XIX; la más antigua (1828-1829) escrita en letra cuadrada vocalizada, y la más moderna (1879-1880) en letra raší no vocalizada. La copla consta de ochenta cuartetas de rima alterna y se divide en diez etapas siguiendo la caracterización literaria presentada en un anterior artículo.
Las tres llaves y Los huevos sin sal: Versiones hispanocristianas y sefardíes de dos ensalmos mágicos tradicionales
Authors: Pedrosa José Manuel
Published: June 2018

Las tres llaves y Los huevos sin sal son dos fórmulas poéticas insertadas dentro de diversas oraciones y ensalmos religiosos y mágicos documentados en la tradición folclórica de España y de diversas comunidades sefardíes de Oriente. Su comparación nos ofrece una interesante oportunidad para analizar los vínculos poéticos e ideológicos entre dos tradiciones que, pese a las diferencias religiosas y distancias geográficas e históricas, han mantenido durante siglos un patrimonio oral en buena parte común.
The Exegetical Role of the Paseq
Authors: Himmelfarb Lea
Published: June 2018

Es bien sabido que los acentos bíblicos cumplen una función exegética en la interpretación de la Escritura. Muchos autores han prestado atención a los casos de paseq -una línea vertical entre dos palabras que no pertenece al sistema de acentuación-, pero pocos se han dado cuenta de su importancia exegética en la Escritura. Este artículo analiza el valor exegético del paseq, es decir, los casos en los que se utiliza por razones de significado y comprensión. Según la opinión de Aaron Ben-Ašer, cuando por el significado dos palabras de un versículo se deben entender separadamente, el paseq viene a modificar el análisis que según los acentos tendría ese versículo. En los ejemplos que ilustran nuestra hipótesis analizamos, en primer lugar, la interpretación que se deduce del análisis según los acentos; después, considerando la existencia del paseq, sugerimos una división distinta de las palabras y demostramos cómo este nuevo análisis nos lleva a una interpretación diferente o contradice aquella que corresponde a la acentual. En los ejemplos en los que el paseq tiene una relevancia exegética intentamos apoyar nuestro punto de vista con citas de los midrašim y targumim y de la exegesis bíblica. Comenzamos con el caso de עשר ׀ כלה (Gen 18:21), al que siguen tres grupos de ejemplos. En el primero, el paseq separa el verbo «dijo» de aquello que se dice; en el segundo, separa dos elementos de una enumeración; y en el tercero, el paseq puede explicarse por otras funciones distintas de la exegética.
España y la comunidad judía de Estambul a la luz de las descripciones de viajeros españoles (1784-1907)
Authors: Martín Asuero Pablo
Published: June 2018

Con las paces hispano-turcas de finales del siglo XVIII se produce un acercamiento entre ambos imperios donde los sefardíes habrían podido figurar como intermediarios. A lo largo de la Cuestión de Oriente, militares, diplomáticos y periodistas irán descubriendo con sorpresa a los sefardíes de Estambul, olvidados durante largo tiempo, y su papel en la capital otomana.
Un oligarca converso de la Mancha en el siglo XVI: El caso de Marcos de Madrid
Authors: Parello Vincent
Published: June 2018

A pesar de ser descendiente de condenado por la Inquisición, Marcos de Madrid consiguió integrarse eficaz y plenamente en la sociedad almagreña del siglo XVI. Contaba, en efecto, con una importante propiedad territorial y un rebaño de 10.000 merinos; se dedicaba al arrendamiento de bienes y derechos señoriales y reales; sus descendientes gozaban del don y emparentaron con miembros de la nobleza; desempeñaba el cargo de regidor en el ayuntamiento de Almagro, etc., y fundó un mayorazgo. Por eso podemos considerarlo como un perfecto representante de la élite y de la oligarquía semirrural manchega del siglo XVI.
En torno a la identificación de sinagogas medievales: El caso de Tárrega
Authors: Sabaté Flocel
Published: June 2018

La discusión en torno a la identificación como sinagoga de unos restos arqueológicos aparecidos en Tárrega concita la conjunción de argumentaciones documentales, arqueológicas, contextuales y tipológicas. De este modo, el estudio nos permite no sólo corregir las explicaciones vigentes en este caso concreto sino avanzar en el reconocimiento de las características propias de los templos judíos hispanos bajomedievales.
Fragmentos españoles de la Vulgata de 1-2 Macabeos: el fragmento de Vich y la Biblia de Valvanera; edición y estudio
Authors: Cañas Reíllo José Manuel
Published: June 2018

En este artículo se editan y estudian por primera vez dos testimonios fragmentarios de la Vulgata de 1-2 Macabeos de origen español. Ambos aportan luz a dos aspectos diferentes que atañen a la historia de la Vulgata latina en los siglos X y XI en España. El primero se trata del fragmento del Museo Episcopal de Vich (fragmento XIII/19, folio 8), del siglo XI, que contiene texto de 1 Macabeos 1,46-2,12, y es un ejemplo del tipo de texto de Vulgata de 1 Macabeos utilizado en Cataluña en el siglo XI. El otro testimonio es la perdida Biblia de Valvanera, de cuyo texto de Vulgata sólo se han conservado algunas lecturas copiadas a modo de glosas marginales por H. del Castillo en 1561 en el incunable de El Escorial, 54.V.35.
El sentido de De los nombres de Cristo de fray Luis de León (y una posible fuente)
Authors: McGaha Michael
Published: June 2018

Es sumamente curioso que De los nombres de Cristo sea el único de los comentarios bíblicos de fray Luis de León en el que se valió de las interpretaciones tipológicas o alegóricas. Fue sobre todo su insistencia en la prioridad del sentido literal del texto hebreo de la Biblia lo que llevó a su detención por la Inquisición en 1572. En este artículo propongo que De los nombres de Cristo, comenzado en la cárcel, es más que nada su autodefensa contra las acusaciones de sus enemigos. Los temas principales del libro no son los nombres de Cristo sino (1) el sentido de la historia y (2) la justicia y el ejercicio lícito del poder. Sugiero que, para el desarrollo de estos dos temas, fray Luis se inspiró en el libro Consolaçam ás tribulaçoens de Israel (1533) de Samuel Usque.
Cantar de los Cantares Rabbá: Seis fragmentos de la Guenizá de El Cairo conservados en Cambridge University Library
Authors: Girón Blanc Luis F.
Published: June 2018

En este artículo se editan los seis fragmentos del Midrás Cantar de los cantares Rabbá que se encuentran en la Biblioteca Universitaria de Cambridge procedentes de la Guenizá de El Cairo y se analizan los aspectos ortográficos, morfosintácticos y literarios del texto, con especial atención a las lecturas únicas y a la comparación con otras fuentes tanto manuscritas como impresas de este midrás. Los fenómenos encontrados en varios de los fragmentos avalan una temprana datación y una excelente valoración de la calidad del texto.
Carta pública de tutela y curadela judía (siglo XV)
Authors: Marín Padilla Encarnación
Published: June 2018

La autora da noticia de un instrumento público de venta del Archivo de Protocolos Notariales de Zaragoza, que testificó el notario de la ciudad Pedro Sánchez de Calatayud en 1436. En él se inserta, como documento unido, una carta pública de tutela y curadela escrita en hebreo.
Una nueva versión manuscrita judeoespañola de Los relatos de Ben-Sirá
Authors: Romero Elena
Published: June 2018

En el presente artículo se lleva a cabo la edición y estudio de un manuscrito judeoespañol del Hebrew Union College de Nueva York que contiene la hasta ahora primera versión manuscrita completa, aunque muy resumida, de la muy interesante obra hebrea medieval de Los relatos de Ben-Sirá, comunmente conocida como Alfabeta de Ben-Sirá o Séfer Ben-Sirá.
Senhores versus criados da Nação: Portugueses, asquenasíes y tudescos en el Hamburgo del siglo XVII
Authors: Studemund-Halévy Michael
Published: June 2018

A partir de documentos que se conservan en los archivos de la ciudad de Hamburgo, este estudio intenta reflejar la vida de los primeros judíos portugueses que a partir de finales del siglo XVI hacen su aparición en la ciudad hanseática, así como sus relaciones con los asquenasíes (llamados «tudescos») y los luteranos, claramente antijudíos.
La peregrinación a Jerusalem a finales del siglo XV
Authors: Tena Tena Pedro
Published: June 2018

El presente artículo se ocupa de los peregrinajes cristianos a Jerusalem al final del siglo XV: viaje por tierra y mar, dinero y lenguas. Los datos en los que me baso provienen de uno de los más importantes y bellos libros impresos en España: El Viaje de la Tierra Santa de Bernardo de Breidenbach (Zaragoza 1498).
Impact of Probiotics in Human Health and Disease Treatment
Authors: Tingirikari Jagan Mohan Rao , Sarathy Muthu Vijaya , Karthigarani Ashok Kumar
Published: June 2018

Probiotics have become the major breakthrough in therapeutic applications due to their various health promoting effects in humans by maintaining the homeostasis of the intestine and prevent microbial imbalance (dysbiosis) without any side effects. Dysbiosis in the microbial population is the major cause for several diseases in humans. Treatment of diseases using antibiotics is not recommended due to high cost, side effects, and the loss of intestinal friendly bacteria. Probiotics work in symbiotic association with the intestine and produce several metabolites which not only regulate the growth of pathogenic bacteria but also provide vital nutrients which contribute to human health. The present chapter highlights about the role of probiotics in treatment and prevention of different human diseases.
Roles of Nutraceuticals and Functional Food in Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Hamid Shahrul Bariyah , Hamid Auni Fatin Abd
Published: June 2018

The chapter provides an overview of cardiovascular disease, a major cause of mortality worldwide. It relates economic and social impacts to the disease, especially in developing countries. One of the approaches to addressing this challenge is increasing awareness within society, through implementation of education programs. It is important for society to understand the types and roles of the risk factors leading to cardiovascular disease. Emphasis is on the role of functional food and nutraceuticals as dietary sources that could prevent development of cardiovascular disease. The chapter highlights roles of nutraceuticals and functional food sources from medical plants, seeds, berries, and tropical fruits in lowering risk factors. Key findings from trials conducted in Asia, China, Europe, and America provide supporting evidence for the importance of functional food to health, and its potential for modifying the level of risk factors related to cardiovascular diseases.
Nutraceutical Intervention of Phytosterols in Cardiovascular Aging
Authors: Gupta Charu , Prakash Dhan , Gupta Sneh
Published: June 2018

Phytosterols and phytostanols are a large group of compounds that are found exclusively in plants. They are structurally and functionally related to cholesterol but differ from cholesterol in the structure of the side chain. Phytosterols lower total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) blood cholesterol by preventing cholesterol absorption from the intestine, so they have been known as blood cholesterol-lowering agents. Phytosterols are naturally found in fruits, vegetables, nuts, and mainly oils. Dietary phytosterol intakes normally range from 160-400 mg/day with variations depending on food culture and major food sources. Dairy foods remain a food of choice for use as delivery vehicle for many functional ingredients including phytosterols and there are many dairy products available in the global markets which are enriched with phytosterols. The use of phytosterols in commonly consumed dairy products may soon provide an effective tool against CVD and its introduction to our food products is worth anticipating in the near future as nutraceuticals for healthy ageing.
Lactoserum
Authors: Gupta Charu , Pacheco Consuelo , Prakash Dhan
Published: June 2018

Lactoserum, a byproduct of cheese industry, is rich in nutrients, but it is discharged directly into the environment. It has many human applications that promise to be a complete nutraceutical for the future generations. It is of high nutritive value and its products can be used as functional ingredients in food and pharmaceutical applications and as nutrients in dietary and health foods. They contain full spectrum of amino acids including essential and branched-chain amino acids which are important in tissue growth and repair. The other biological activities of lactoserum are antibiotic, anti-cancer, anti-toxin, immune-enhancer, and prebiotic (growth enhancement of gut microflora such as bifidobacteria). Lactoserum can thus be used as nutraceutical in various products like infant formulas, food supplements, cheese spreads, sports bars, and beverages to meet a variety of health goals for people of all ages, including animal feed.
Changes in Online Subjectivity
Authors: Smutny Zdenek , Janoscik Vaclav
Published: June 2018

Human subjectivity is deeply affected by the environment as mediated by the Internet. As users within this environment, people are not only affected by their entrance into it, but their subjectivity evolves along with the trends of online networking. The subjectivity of people is affected by (their networking with) human and artificial users of the environment and the possibility of influencing user's subjectivity is also given by other specific aspects of the environment. This chapter focuses on three areas: artificial users, subject and its fragmentarization, and multimodal interaction. Findings in conceptualizing change in terms of subjectivity are based within the poststructuralist philosophical tradition. There is applied the phenomenon known as the “death of the author,” proclaimed in late 1960s, to the situation of the contemporary user to uncover changes in online subjectivity. The chapter also presents examples of implications of such changes at the level of interactions and distribution of messages and the role of artificial users in these processes within online marketing.
Psychological Benefits and Detrimental Effects of Online Social Networking
Authors: Orta Irem Metin , Örücü Müge Çelik
Published: June 2018

With the growing prevalence of wireless communication technologies, social networking sites (SNSs) such as Facebook, Twitter, etc. have become an important venues for interpersonal communication. This chapter provides a detailed overview of the current literature on online social networking with respect to its beneficial and detrimental effects on psychological wellbeing. In particular, it provides empirical evidence for the associations of SNS use with depression, self-esteem, loneliness, subjective wellbeing, social anxiety, attachment, personality traits, and addiction. Furthermore, it identifies the characteristics of individuals who are more prone to social networking, and presents possible mediators and moderators playing a role in the relationship between social networking and mental health. The chapter overall provides a comprehensive guideline to parents, researchers, educators, healthcare, and communication professionals to the issue of online social networking from a psychological perspective.
Relational Body Identities
Authors: Boursier Valentina , Manna Valentina
Published: June 2018

Self-portrayal is one of the most popular online activities, especially among adolescents and young adults. The selfie-craze explosion through photo-sharing represent a new task for adolescents' researchers, but few instruments explore how adolescents can control their body image through self-portraits. One of these is the body image control in photos questionnaire. The aim of this chapter is to develop and validate a revised short version of the BICPQ, administered to 1220 Italian adolescents. The establishment of a cut-off procedure is proposed for screening purposes to identify at-risk and problematic users. Moreover, differences by gender and age are explored and discussed.
Facebook Depression or Facebook Contentment
Authors: Joseph Jessica J. , Desjarlais Malinda , Herceg Lucijana
Published: June 2018

Within the literature, Facebook has received much attention in order to understand the potential positive and negative effects associated with using the social networking site. The current chapter provides a discussion of the empirical support for the differential outcomes associated with actively posting and chatting on Facebook vs. passively browsing Facebook, as well as the underlying mechanisms for the effects. Specifically, the current chapter will discuss two perspectives related to the differential effects of active and passive Facebook use: Facebook contentment (a wellbeing enhancing effect) and Facebook depression (a wellbeing diminishing effect). The authors also discuss the extension of the results to other social media platforms and provide suggestions for future research.
Cyberbullying
Authors: Wright Michelle F.
Published: June 2018

Cyberbullying has become a major focus of not only youths, educators, and researchers, but also among the general population, due to high profile cases of cyberbullying victimization involving suicide and the increasing prevalence of these behaviors. The purpose of this chapter is to examine cyberbullying among children and adolescents, referred to as “youths” throughout the chapter. An extension of traditional bullying, cyberbullying is a form of bullying which takes place by means of electronic technologies, such as email, instant messaging, social networking websites, and text messaging through mobile devices. Drawing on research from a variety of disciplines, such as psychology, education, social work, sociology, and computer science, this chapter describes the definition of cyberbullying, the electronic technologies used, the prevalence rates, characteristics and risk factors, negative psychosocial and academic difficulties, theoretical frameworks, recommendations, and future directions.
Cybersex
Authors: Choudhary Aman
Published: June 2018

Cybersex is often used as a collective term for all sorts of sexually related entertainment, information, and personal contact offers available in computer networks respective “in cyberspace.” It is also understood to be a computer-mediated interpersonal interaction in which the participants are sexually motivated, meaning they are seeking sexual arousal and satisfaction. Types are virtual-reality-based cybersex, video-based cybersex, and text-based cybersex. From a technical perspective, two sub-forms of text-based cybersex are differentiated: tinysex and erotic chat. This chapter focuses on various forms of cybersex from commercialization to self-exhibitionism and voyeurism has been explained in terms of commercial and personal cybersex aided by MUD. The chapter concludes with an evaluative view that despite being considered advantageous in a recreative and imaginative alternative for sexual satisfaction, cybersex increases problems an individual goes through along with the family, friends, and other relationships simultaneously elevating infidelity component in stable relationships.
Empowering Technology Use to Promote Virtual Violence Prevention in Higher Education Context
Authors: Huda Miftachul , Hehsan Aminudin , Basuki Singgih , Rismayadi Budi , Jasmi Kamarul Azmi , Basiron Bushrah , Mustari Mohd Ismail
Published: June 2018

This chapter aims to explore the pattern to use technology as an attempt to promote virtual violence prevention. A literature review from referred journals and books was conducted. The findings reveal that technology use, in particular an effort to solve the emerging issues of violence promotes the solution with an innovative approach designed in HE. With technology use in attempting violence prevention insights, an innovative way to strengthen technology use wisely with underlying the compassionate skills to promote the preventive action of violent forms is needed. Attempts to promote virtual violence prevention in higher education should be combined with empowering technology use to focus comprehensively on encouraging diverse learners with personal and social awareness in digital interaction. This chapter is expected to contribute in dealing with exploring the systematic approach in nurturing the self-awareness and social concern in digital interaction to be potentially applied in HE.
Underwater Image Segmentation Using Human Psycho Visual Phenomenon
Authors: Dhar Soumyadip , Roy Hiranmoy
Published: June 2018

In this chapter, a novel method is proposed for underwater image segmentation based on human psycho visual phenomenon (HVS). In the proposed method the texture property of an image is captured by decomposing it into frequency sub-bands using M-band wavelet packet transform. The sub-bands represent the image in different scales and orientations. The large numbers of sub-bands are pruned by an adaptive basis selection. The proper sub-bands for segmentation are selected depending on the HVS. The HVS imitates the original visual technique of a human being and it is used to divide each sub-band in Weber, De-Vries Rose, and saturation regions. A wavelet packet sub-band is selected for segmentation depending on those three regions. The performance of the proposed method is found to be superior to that of the state-of-the-art methods for underwater image segmentation on standard data set.
Restoration of CT Images Corrupted With Fixed Valued Impulse Noise Using an Optimum Decision-Based Filter
Authors: Saxena Priyank , Kumar R. Sukesh
Published: June 2018

The main aim of this chapter is to perform the restoration of computed tomography (CT) images acquired at the reduced level of radiation dose. Reduction in radiation dose affects the image quality as it increases noise and decreases low contrast resolution. In this chapter, an optimum decision-based filter (ODBF) is proposed as an image-space denoising technique, to detect and restore the low dose CT (LDCT) images corrupted with fixed valued impulse noise (salt and pepper) of unequal density. The detection stage employs k-means clustering to discriminate the noise-free pixels from the noisy-pixels by splitting the image data into three clusters of different intensities. The restoration stage employs mask else trimmed median (METM) estimation followed by an optional adaptive mask sizing for restoration of noisy pixels. The proposed method demonstrates noticeable improvement over other existing methods in restoration of LDCT images while maintaining the image contrast and edge details.
An Intelligent-Based Wavelet Classifier for Accurate Prediction of Breast Cancer
Authors: Haldorai Anandakumar , Ramu Arulmurugan
Published: June 2018

The detection of cancer in the breast is done using mammograms (x-ray images). The authors propose a CAD framework for distinguishing little changes in mammogram which may demonstrate malignancies which are too little to be felt either by the lady herself or by a radiologist. In this chapter, they build up a framework for analysis, visualization, and prediction of cancer in breast tissue by utilizing Intelligent based wavelet classifier. Intelligent-based wavelet classifier is a new approach constructed using texture value and wavelet neural network. The proposed framework is applied to the genuine clinical database of 160 mammograms gathered from mammogram screening focuses. The execution of the CAD framework is examined utilizing ROC curve. This will help the specialists in determination of the breast tissues either cancerous or noncancerous in an accurate way.
Improving the Classification Accuracy of Multidimensional Overlapping Objects Based on Neuro-Fuzzy Analysis of Generalized Patterns
Authors: Gorbachev Sergey Viktorovich , Abramova Tatyana Viktorovna
Published: June 2018

To improve the classification accuracy of multidimensional overlapping objects, a new hybrid neuro-fuzzy FCNN-SOM-FMLP network, combining the fuzzy cell neural network of Kohonen (FCNN-SOM) and the fuzzy multilayer perceptron (FMLP), and the algorithms for its training are proposed. This combination allows for clustering of generalized intersecting patterns (the extensional approach) and training the classification network basing on the identification of integrated pattern characteristics in the isolated clusters (intentional approach). The new FCNN-SOM-FMLP architecture features a high degree of self-organization of neurons, an ability to manage selectively individual neuronal connections (to solve the problem of “dead” neurons), the high flexibility, and the ease of implementation. The experimental results show the temporal efficiency of algorithms of self-organization and training and the improvement of the separating properties of the network in the case of overlapping clusters. Calculated technological and economic generalized values of countries.
Multimodal Semantics and Affective Computing from Multimedia Content
Authors: Shah Rajiv Ratn , Mahata Debanjan , Choudhary Vishal , Bajpai Rajiv
Published: June 2018

Advancements in technologies and increasing popularities of social media websites have enabled people to view, create, and share user-generated content (UGC) on the web. This results in a huge amount of UGC (e.g., photos, videos, and texts) on the web. Since such content depicts ideas, opinions, and interests of users, it requires analyzing the content efficiently to provide personalized services to users. Thus, it necessitates determining semantics and sentiments information from UGC. Such information help in decision making, learning, and recommendations. Since this chapter is based on the intuition that semantics and sentiment information are exhibited by different representations of data, the effectiveness of multimodal techniques is shown in semantics and affective computing. This chapter describes several significant multimedia analytics problems such as multimedia summarization, tag-relevance computation, multimedia recommendation, and facilitating e-learning and their solutions.
Vignette Methodology
Authors: Alok Swati
Published: June 2018

This chapter initially introduces vignette methodology and explains the use of it in social research. It clarifies the various methodological challenges while designing the vignette. Drawing on the experience, while designing vignette for conflict research, this chapter provides a detailed presentation of the procedural and pragmatic issues that need to be considered when using vignette. Categorizing the design of vignette in three stages—predesign, design, and post-design—provides complete clarity in understanding this process. This chapter can help budding researchers get a perfect insight into the entire process of vignette development.
Emergent Theory for Enterprise Resource Planning Upgrade Decision
Authors: Ng Celeste See-pui
Published: June 2018

This chapter is based on four case studies and the findings are based on three rounds of qualitative data coding. This study finds that the type of business benefits expected to be derived from an ERP upgrade project, and the similarities between a firm and a new ERP system business processes have a strong impact on an ERP upgrade decision. Strategic business benefit has a relatively high impact on the upgrade decision than the managerial and operational business benefits. In contrast, symbols attached to an ERP system and top management supports are not salient factors influencing the ERP upgrade decision. However, based on further analysis of the pattern-matching of cause-effect relationships tested in this study, this research suggests that top management supports are necessary but not a sufficient factor to justify for an ERP upgrade, when there are lack of strategic business benefit incentives and similarity between a firm and a new ERP system business processes. This also indicates that ERP upgrade decisions are made rationally rather than habitually and socially defined.
Pedagogy of Inclusion
Authors: Jan Maluleka Khazamula
Published: June 2018

For far too long, in all parts of the world, the most vulnerable members of society have been excluded from schools. All children, regardless of their physical, intellectual, social, emotional, linguistic, or other conditions, including disabled and gifted children, have the right to education and the relevant pedagogy of inclusion. The teaching methods used should accommodate all members of the society. People who are planning the teaching strategies should also know that people learn better when they do things. The purpose of this chapter is to determine how the theory of constructionism can be applied in the teaching and learning of students in the inclusive education. Information collected from literature on teaching and learning in inclusive education is critically analyzed through the theory of constructionism. Various theorists found that constructionism is relevant to an inclusive classroom since it encourages learning by doing.
Digital Technologies in Kindergarten
Authors: Brito Rita , Dias Patrícia
Published: June 2018

With this chapter, the authors aim to present a theoretical review about the use of digital technologies in kindergartens, with preschool children. They begin by taking a theoretical and generalized approach to the subject. Next, they present the added value for children when using technologies. The importance of the kindergarten teacher in the use of technologies by younger children is also explored, as well as the factors that influence technological integration in schools and kindergartens. The authors present a project carried out in Portugal, which refers to publications of books for pre-school children, with the aim of sensitizing children of these ages for a safe use of technologies. Finally, they round it up with some brief conclusions.
A Framework and Architecture for Performance Management in Virtual Organizations
Authors: Kamali Amin , Richards Gregory S. , Raahemi Bijan , Danesh Mohammad H.
Published: June 2018

Virtual organizations are becoming common in the new world of work characterized by modern data exchange capabilities. These organizations face new challenges in information sharing that traditional approaches cannot address. This research proposes a framework and architecture for providing performance data to partners in virtual organizations. The framework aligns the activities of partners in a virtual organization at three different layers and defines common performance measurement indicators at each layer. It also proposes an implementation architecture that enables inter-organizational performance management in collaborative environments. The proposed architecture is validated through a prototype developed using IBM business process and business intelligence products.
The Rise of Embedded Analytics
Authors: Attaran Mohsen , Attaran Sharmin
Published: June 2018

The internet revolution, cloud computing, and the evolution to self-service analytics have all contributed to the changing dimensions of business intelligence. To compete effectively in a digitally driven world, business leaders must understand and address the critical shifts taking place in the field of analytics, and how these shifts impact their overall strategy. The key objective of this chapter is to propose a conceptual model for successful implementation of embedded analytics in organizations. This chapter also covers some of the potential benefits of analytics, explores the changing dimensions of analytics, and provides a guide to some of the opportunities that are available for using embedded analytics in business. Furthermore, this study reviews key attributes of a successful modern analytics platform and illustrates how to overcome some of the key challenges of incorporating embedded analytics into an analytic strategy in business. Finally, this study highlights successful implementation of analytics solutions in manufacturing and service industry.
Business Intelligence Maturity Framework
Authors: Tan Chee-Sok , Cheng Wai-Khuen , Ren Jie , Wong Siew Fan
Published: June 2018

This chapter builds an enterprise-level business intelligence maturity (EBIM) model that facilitates an improved view of the path in business intelligence (BI) implementation. The authors adopted a two-stage qualitative approach, namely a Delphi study followed by case studies. The findings reveal that a comprehensive EBIM model enables organizations to plan, assess, and manage their BI initiatives more effectively than previously. In addition, this study lists important key process areas (KPAs) that influence BI implementation success. The authors found that the KPAs in different levels and dimensions help organizations identify critical areas in need of maximum attention and channel their scarce resources to improve those areas. Further, the entire EBIM framework fosters better use of limited resources in critical areas, which is likely to have a greater effect at the right time.
Factors Influencing Managers' Use of Mobile Tablets
Authors: Gao Shijia , Yeoh William , Wong Siew Fan , Kautzner Edgar Alexander Bruno
Published: June 2018

In recent years mobile tablets are being used by many managers. Yet hitherto there is a lack of research on managerial use of the new mobile technology. Hence, this study aims to explore the factors that influence the use of mobile tablets by managers and how mobile tablets impact the use of other digital devices. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a panel of mid- to high-level managers who had incorporated mobile tablets into their work routine. The findings reveal that mobile tablets are suitable for managerial tasks due to nine main factors: non-routineness, collaborative nature, time-critical, information-centric, mobility, user friendliness of the interface, reliability, connectivity, and autonomy. Also, the use of mobile tablets has significant impact on the use of other digital devices as well as traditional manual process of using pens and papers. This study fills in the research gap and provides a foundation to help managers establish a business case for or against mobile tablet use.
Losing a Friend
Authors: Wandel Tamara L.
Published: June 2018

This chapter focuses on the role of social media consumption on older children and adolescents during the bereavement process of a childhood friend. Using case study methodology surrounding an 11-year-old girl's tragic death, surveys were administered to peers and semi-structured interviews with peers, counselors, and the deceased's mother were conducted in order to collect in-depth information on the opinions and feelings of those utilizing social media as they cope with loss, specifically the loss of a friend. The idea of virtual mourning is significant to explore as social media is ubiquitous for most older children and adolescents.
Media Consuming in Children
Authors: Köksalan Bahadir , Aldım Umit Ferit , Göğebakan Şahin
Published: June 2018

Media consuption is a term in “sociology” that describes the individuals that organize information on the basis of the use of produced goods, rather than on the axis of services and production. Mediums that fall under the scope of media consumption include radio, television, computer, mobile phones, newspaper, and magazine formats. The usage patterns and applications of these tools are internet, music, movies, games, etc. Among children between the ages of 5 and 8, those who do not use computers represent a small percentage of 10%. Even within this age group, a large majority know how to use computers. More than half of children under the age of 8 have played games and watched videos at least once via a smartphone, iPod, iPad or similar device. According to a US study, children spend about 9 hours a day on the screen. Besides this, despite all the options, listening to music and watching television for children and young people continue to be a favorite activity. This paper further explores the impact of media consumption on children's development.
Digital Media Consumption of Children in Television Series
Authors: Bayar Armoni
Published: June 2018

With the development of technology, media channels have found themselves in the digital environment and continue to reach their target audience digitally. Media consumption is distributed according to age. In the digital world, young people and children make up a large part of this distribution. In addition to this, consumption of digital media has been reflected in many scenarios. The authors examine digital media consumption of children characters in the series by conversation analysis technique. Basic problems of this article are children characters' use of language as a result of the digital media consumption frequency and the language differences that the child and family television series have shown over the years in this context. For this purpose, the relevant old and new episodes of Çocuklar Duymasın series are selected randomly and the children characters are discussed in terms of the language they use during digital media consumption.
New Communication Technologies
Authors: Sine Rengim
Published: June 2018

From the onset of the digital dawn, visually constructed new communication technologies, in particular social networks, have occupied a significant place in the lives of children. With increasing compactness of digital technologies, its availability increased also and helped social networks to a central role in the lives of adults and children as well. The shrinking of technology enabled most families to afford a tablet for their children who used the technology for starting an active social network life. This process brought with it endless debates about the actual control conditions of the children's usage and those conditions that were advisable. This study utilized in-depth interviews with six parents of children in the 4-7 age group, consisting a focus group to define the motives of adults who enabled their children with access to “digital technologies” and “social networks.”
The Habit of Watching Television and Using Computer in Primary School Children
Authors: Örnek Aynur , Arslan Hicabi
Published: June 2018

The study is limited with I. and II. grade students studying at public elementary schools in İzmir province Güzelbahçe district. While the target population of the study consists of students attending elementary schools in the district, the sample consists of 4. and 8. grade students. The reason for selecting students from two different grades was to determine the preferences of students from different age groups. The study also investigated the relationship between the preferences of girls and boys. The reason for selecting Güzelbahçe in this study was that the district was distant from the city center and was generally inhabited by middle-income families. A questionnaire was applied to students in the study and the data of the questionnaire were explained by associating the general features of female and male students regarding the aforementioned age groups and their answers to the question.
Effects of Computer Games on the Socialization Process and Inclination to Violence of Adolescent Students
Authors: Sağlam Hakan
Published: June 2018

One of the main sectors that digital revolution made a great impact on is game industry. Computer games nowadays have started to take the first place in a lot of teen's free time activities. Social scientists especially study how these games affect the adolescents who are mostly students. In parallel with the first aim of study is understanding whether computer games affect adolescent students' socialization process and their tendency of violence or not. The second aim of the research is to show how and to what extent computer games affect the process of socialization and violence tendencies of adolescents. Data and information that are mentioned in the chapter contributes to the studies about this issue.