bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovation Capability and Innovation Talents: Evidence from China Based on a Quantile Regression Approach
Authors: Wei Fenfen , Feng Nanping , Zhang Kevin
Published: July 2017

Innovation talents, as a most active and important resource in innovation activities, are receiving increasing attention in the enhancement of innovation capability. It seems that areas with strong innovation capability are more attractive to innovation talents. To explore the impact of innovation capability—measured by innovation environment input efficiency—on the distribution of innovation talent, and given the heavy-tailed distribution of talents, a quantile regression approach is adopted for Chinese data covering 2001–2015. The results show that: (a) at the country level, the innovation environment and innovation talents are surprisingly negatively related due to pre-reform special regional strategies and the immature innovation environment in China, while both innovation input and efficiency facilitates the agglomeration of innovation talent; and (b) at the regional level, some different influences on talents appear: the strongest negative impact of the innovation environment is in the areas with a low level of talents, moderate positive effects of innovation input and efficiency can be seen in areas with a medium level of talents, and significantly positive contributions from innovation input and efficiency can be seen in the areas that already have a high level of talents. The results offer some suggestions for managers and the government, which are beneficial for the guidance of the ordered flow of innovation talents and the enhancement of regional innovation capability and sustainability.
Flooding in Delta Areas under Changing Climate: Response of Design Flood Level to Non-Stationarity in Both Inflow Floods and High Tides in South China
Authors: Tang Yihan , Guo Qizhong , Su Chengjia , Chen Xiaohong
Published: July 2017

Climate change has led to non-stationarity in recorded floods all over the world. Although previous studies have widely discussed the design error caused by non-stationarity, most of them explored basins with closed catchment areas. The response of flood level to nonstationary inflow floods and high tidal levels in deltas with a dense river network has hardly been mentioned. Delta areas are extremely vulnerable to floods. To establish reliable standards for flood protection in delta areas, it is crucial to investigate the response of flood level to nonstationary inflow floods and high tidal levels. Pearl River Delta (PRD), the largest delta in South China, was selected as the study area. A theoretical framework was developed to quantify the response of flood level to nonstationary inflow floods and the tidal level. When the non-stationarity was ignored, error up to 18% was found in 100-year design inflow floods and up to 14% in 100-year design tidal level. Meanwhile, flood level in areas that were ≤22 km away from the outlets mainly responded to the nonstationary tidal level, and that ≥45 km to the nonstationary inflow floods. This study will support research on the non-stationarity of floods in delta areas.
Characterization of Terrestrial Discharges into Coastal Waters with Thermal Imagery from a Hierarchical Monitoring Program
Authors: Ferrara Claudia , Lega Massimiliano , Fusco Giannetta , Bishop Paul , Endreny Theodore
Published: July 2017

Background: The hierarchical use of remotely-sensed imagery from satellites, and then proximally-sensed imagery from helicopter sand drones, can provide a range of spatial and temporal coverage that supports water quality monitoring of complex pollution scenarios. Methods: The study used hierarchical satellite-, helicopter-, and drone-acquired thermal imagery of coastal plumes ranging from 3 to 300 m, near Naples, Italy, and captured temporally- and spatially-overlapping in situ samples to correlate thermal and water quality parameters in each plume and the seawater. Results: In situ sampling determined that between-plume salinity varied by 37%, chlorophyll-a varied by 356%, dissolved oxygen varied by 81%, and turbidity varied by 232%. The radiometric temperature, Trad, for the plume area of interest had a correlation of 0.81 with salinity, 0.74 with chlorophyll-a, 0.98 with dissolved oxygen, and −0.61 with turbidity. Conclusion: This study established hierarchical use of remote and proximal thermal imagery can provide monitoring of complex coastal areas.
Root Development of Transplanted Cotton and Simulation of Soil Water Movement under Different Irrigation Methods
Authors: Zhang Hao , Liu Hao , Sun Chitao , Gao Yang , Gong Xuewen , Sun Jingsheng , Wang Wanning
Published: July 2017

Winter wheat and cotton are the main crops grown on the North China Plain (NCP). Cotton is often transplanted after the winter wheat harvest to solve the competition for cultivated land between winter wheat and cotton, and to ensure that both crops can be harvested on the NCP. However, the root system of transplanted cotton is distorted due to the restrictions of the seedling aperture disk before transplanting. Therefore, the investigation of the deformed root distribution and water uptake in transplanted cotton is essential for simulating soil water movement under different irrigation methods. Thus, a field experiment and a simulation study were conducted during 2013–2015 to explore the deformed roots of transplanted cotton and soil water movement using border irrigation (BI) and surface drip irrigation (SDI). The results showed that SDI was conducive to root growth in the shallow root zone (0–30 cm), and that BI was conducive to root growth in the deeper root zone (below 30 cm). SDI is well suited for producing the optimal soil water distribution pattern for the deformed root system of transplanted cotton, and the root system was more developed under SDI than under BI. Comparisons between experimental data and model simulations showed that the HYDRUS-2D model described the soil water content (SWC) under different irrigation methods well, with root mean square errors (RMSEs) of 0.023 and 0.029 cm3 cm−3 and model efficiencies (EFs) of 0.68 and 0.59 for BI and SDI, respectively. Our findings will be very useful for designing an optimal irrigation plan for BI and SDI in transplanted cotton fields, and for promoting the wider use of this planting pattern for cotton transplantation.
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING REPORTED HOUSING MAINTENANCE COSTS IN SWEDEN’S PUBLIC AND PRIVATE RENTAL SECTORS
Authors: MUYINGO Henry Gonza
Published: July 2017

The reported maintenance costs per unit area within the public rental housing sector in Sweden are consistently higher than those within the private rental sector. This paper uses crosssectional panel data analysis as well as a questionnaire survey sent to 196 managers in the private and public housing sectors to identify the factors that might explain this divergence. The findings indicate that “fundamental” factors such as the age of the houses or the composition of the tenants cannot explain the observed difference. However how the activities are classified and the timing of the measures are factors that can. The conclusions from the study are that the public companies should act more as the private sector in their accounting; wait longer than they currently do before carrying out some renovations; and that they should be more stringent when determining the resources to spend on large-scale maintenance and/or renovation projects.
A HYBRID MULTIPLE CRITERIA EVALUATION METHOD OF RANKING OF CULTURAL HERITAGE STRUCTURES FOR RENOVATION PROJECTS
Authors: TURSKIS Zenonas , MORKUNAITE Zydrune , KUTUT Vladislavas
Published: July 2017

Cultural heritage item preservation, renovation and adaptation to the social needs of people, as well as their passing from generation to generation, is a problem relevant from economic, historical, archeological, religious, technological, research and other perspectives. They are typical strategic multi-criteria decision-making problems. The state institutions and the owners and managers of the heritage items invest in their preservation. In fact, every country has a great number of the registered heritage structures. To ensure their effective management and renovation, a lot of implementation projects and strategies should be developed and evaluated. This work requires large investments and time. The paper presents a hybrid model developed for ranking the heritage buildings intended for renovation according to their value. The model for problem solution based on integrated using two MCDM methods Analytic Hierarchy Process and EDAS. A set of the criteria for evaluating the projects, concerning the renovation of cultural heritage items defined.
Understanding Solar Cycle Variability
Authors: Cameron R. H. , Schüssler M.
Published: July 2017

The level of solar magnetic activity, as exemplified by the number of sunspots and by energetic events in the corona, varies on a wide range of timescales. Most prominent is the 11-year solar cycle, which is significantly modulated on longer timescales. Drawing from dynamo theory, together with the empirical results of past solar activity and similar phenomena for solar-like stars, we show that the variability of the solar cycle can be essentially understood in terms of a weakly nonlinear limit cycle affected by random noise. In contrast to ad hoc “toy models” for the solar cycle, this leads to a generic normal-form model, whose parameters are all constrained by observations. The model reproduces the characteristics of the variable solar activity on timescales between decades and millennia, including the occurrence and statistics of extended periods of very low activity (grand minima). Comparison with results obtained with a Babcock–Leighton-type dynamo model confirm the validity of the normal-mode approach.
On the Direct Correlation between Gamma-Rays and PeV Neutrinos from Blazars
Authors: Gao Shan , Pohl Martin , Winter Walter
Published: July 2017

We study the frequently used assumption in multi-messenger astrophysics that the gamma-ray and neutrino fluxes are directly connected because they are assumed to be produced by the same photohadronic production chain. An interesting candidate source for this test is the flat-spectrum radio quasar PKS B1424-418, which recently called attention to a potential correlation between an IceCube PeV neutrino event and its burst phase. We simulate both the multi-waveband photon and the neutrino emission from this source using a self-consistent radiation model. We demonstrate that a simple hadronic model cannot adequately describe the spectral energy distribution for this source, but a lepto-hadronic model with a subdominant hadronic component can reproduce the multi-waveband photon spectrum observed during various activity phases of the blazar. As a conclusion, up to about 0.3 neutrino events may coincide with the burst, which implies that the leptonic contribution dominates in the relevant energy band. We also demonstrate that the time-wise correlation between the neutrino event and burst phase is weak.
Models of the Hydrodynamic Histories of Post-AGB Stars. I. Multiflow Shaping of OH 231.8+04.2
Authors: Balick Bruce , Frank Adam , Liu Baowei , Huarte-Espinosa Martín
Published: July 2017

We present a detailed hydrodynamic model that matches the present structure of the well-observed preplanetary nebula (“pPN”) OH 231.8+04.2 (“OH231”). The purpose of the model is to present a physically justified and coherent picture of its evolutionary history from about 100 years from the start of the formation of its complex outer structures to the present. We have adopted a set of initial conditions that are heavily constrained by high-quality observations of its present structure and kinematics. The shaping of the nebula occurs while the densities of the flows are “light,” i.e., less than the surrounding AGB-wind environment. The simulations show that pairs of essentially coeval clumps and sprays of the same extent and density, but different outflow speeds, sculpted both the pair of thin axial flow “or spine” and the bulbs. The total ejected mass and momentum in the best-fit model are surprisingly large—3 M
⊙ and 2.2 × 1041 gm cm s−1, respectively—however, these values are reduced by up to a factor of 10 in other models that fit the data almost as well. Our ultimate goal is to combine the present model results of masses, momenta, flow speeds, and flow geometries for OH231 with those of other models to be published in the future in order to find common attributes of their ejection histories.
Angular Momentum of Early- and Late-type Galaxies: Nature or Nurture?
Authors: Shi J. , Lapi A. , Mancuso C. , Wang H. , Danese L.
Published: July 2017

We investigate the origin, shape, scatter, and cosmic evolution of the observed relationship between specific angular momentum j
⋆ and the stellar mass M
⋆ in early-type galaxies (ETGs) and late-type galaxies (LTGs). Specifically, we exploit the observed star formation efficiency and chemical abundance to infer the fraction f
inf of baryons that infall toward the central regions of galaxies where star formation can occur. We find f
inf ≈ 1 for LTGs and ≈0.4 for ETGs with an uncertainty of about 0.25 dex, consistent with a biased collapse. By comparing with the locally observed j
⋆ versus M
⋆ relations for LTGs and ETGs, we estimate the fraction f

j
of the initial specific angular momentum associated with the infalling gas that is retained in the stellar component. For LTGs, we find

f

j

≈

1.11

−
0.44

+
0.75

, in line with the classic disk formation picture; for ETGs, we infer

f

j

≈

0.64

−
0.16

+
0.20

, which can be traced back to a z ≲ 1 evolution via dry mergers. We also show that the observed scatter in the j
⋆ versus M
⋆ relation for both galaxy types is mainly contributed by the intrinsic dispersion in the spin parameters of the host dark matter halo. The biased-collapse plus merger scenario implies that the specific angular momentum in the stellar components of ETG progenitors at z ∼ 2 is already close to the local values, in good agreement with observations. All in all, we argue that such a behavior is imprinted by nature and not nurtured substantially by the environment.
Predicting Solar Flares Using SDO/HMI Vector Magnetic Data Products and the Random Forest Algorithm
Authors: Liu Chang , Deng Na , Wang Jason T. L. , Wang Haimin
Published: July 2017

Adverse space-weather effects can often be traced to solar flares, the prediction of which has drawn significant research interests. The Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) produces full-disk vector magnetograms with continuous high cadence, while flare prediction efforts utilizing this unprecedented data source are still limited. Here we report results of flare prediction using physical parameters provided by the Space-weather HMI Active Region Patches (SHARP) and related data products. We survey X-ray flares that occurred from 2010 May to 2016 December and categorize their source regions into four classes (B, C, M, and X) according to the maximum GOES magnitude of flares they generated. We then retrieve SHARP-related parameters for each selected region at the beginning of its flare date to build a database. Finally, we train a machine-learning algorithm, called random forest (RF), to predict the occurrence of a certain class of flares in a given active region within 24 hr, evaluate the classifier performance using the 10-fold cross-validation scheme, and characterize the results using standard performance metrics. Compared to previous works, our experiments indicate that using the HMI parameters and RF is a valid method for flare forecasting with fairly reasonable prediction performance. To our knowledge, this is the first time that RF has been used to make multiclass predictions of solar flares. We also find that the total unsigned quantities of vertical current, current helicity, and flux near the polarity inversion line are among the most important parameters for classifying flaring regions into different classes.
Double Arc Instability in the Solar Corona
Authors: Ishiguro N. , Kusano K.
Published: July 2017

The stability of the magnetic field in the solar corona is important for understanding the causes of solar eruptions. Although various scenarios have been suggested to date, the tether-cutting reconnection scenario proposed by Moore et al. is one of the widely accepted models to explain the onset process of solar eruptions. Although the tether-cutting reconnection scenario proposes that the sigmoidal field formed by internal reconnection is the magnetic field in the pre-eruptive state, the stability of the sigmoidal field has not yet been investigated quantitatively. In this paper, in order to elucidate the stability problem of  the pre-eruptive state, we developed a simple numerical analysis in which the sigmoidal field is modeled by a double arc electric current loop and its stability is analyzed. As a result, we found that the double arc loop is more easily destabilized than the axisymmetric torus, and it becomes unstable even if the external field does not decay with altitude, which is in contrast to the axisymmetric torus instability. This suggests that tether-cutting reconnection may well work as the onset mechanism of solar eruptions, and if so, the critical condition for eruption under a certain geometry may be determined by a new type of instability rather than by the torus instability. Based on them, we propose a new type of instability called double arc instability (DAI). We discuss the critical conditions for DAI and derive a new parameter κ, defined as the product of the magnetic twist and the normalized flux of the tether-cutting reconnection.
Numerical Study on the Validity of the Taylor Hypothesis in Space Plasmas
Authors: Perri Silvia , Servidio Sergio , Vaivads Andris , Valentini Francesco
Published: July 2017

In situ heliospheric measurements allow us to resolve fluctuations as a function of frequency. A crucial point is to describe the power spectral density as a function of the wavenumber, in order to understand the energy cascade through the scales in terms of plasma turbulence theories. The most favorable situation occurs when the average wind speed is much higher than the phase speed of the plasma modes, equivalent to the fact that the fluctuations’ dynamical times are much longer than their typical crossing period through the spacecraft (frozen-in Taylor approximation). Using driven compressible Hall-magneothydrodynamics simulations, in which an “imaginary” spacecraft flies across a time-evolving turbulence, here we explore the limitations of the frozen-in assumption. We find that the Taylor hypothesis is robust down to sub-proton scales, especially for flows with mean velocities typical of the fast solar wind. For slow mean flows (i.e., speeds of the order of the Alfvèn speed) power spectra are subject to an amplitude shift throughout the scales. At small scales, when dispersive decorrelation mechanisms become significant, the frozen-in assumption is generally violated, in particular for k-vectors almost parallel to the average magnetic field. A discussion in terms of the spacetime autocorrelation function is proposed. These results might be relevant for the interpretation of the observations, in particular for existing and future space missions devoted to very high-resolution measurements.
New species of Southeast Asian Dwarf Tarantula from Thailand: Phlogiellus Pocock, 1897 (Theraphosidae, Selenocosmiinae)
Authors: Chomphuphuang Narin , Smith Deborah , Wongvilas Sitthipong , Sivayyapram Varat , Songsangchote Chaowalit , Warrit Natapot
Published: July 2017

A new record of the tarantula genus Phlogiellus Pocock, 1897 from Thailand is described. Distributional data, natural history, morphological characters, and illustrations of male and female are provided. The Thai specimens belong to a new species, Phlogiellus longipalpussp. n. The diagnosis of the new species and related species are discussed.
Connexions transnationales et dynamiques familiales. L’impact des nouvelles technologies sur la communication et les liens dans les familles en situation de migration
Authors: Sturm Gesine , Bonnet Sylvie , Coussot Yolaine , Teyssié Manon , Raynaud Jean-Philippe
Published: July 2017

Dans cet article, à partir d’une situation clinique rencontrée dans la consultation interculturelle du service universitaire de psychiatrie de l’enfant et de l’adolescent (SUPEA) du CHU de Toulouse (Hôpital La Grave), nous interrogeons la manière dont les membres d’une famille utilisent les nouvelles technologies de communication pour maintenir des liens transnationaux. Les pratiques d’usage de ces technologies sont révélatrices du fonctionnement d’une famille. Elles participent à la définition de notions comme l’intérieur et l’extérieur, la proximité et la distance, le partage et l’exclusion dans les échanges entre membres d’une même famille. Dans ce cadre, le travail en co-thérapie et la présence d’un interprète mettent en scène, à travers leurs différences en termes de positionnement, de parcours et de formation, ces notions et le rapport à l’altérité.
Du religieux. Esquisse d’une grammaire en clé de don
Authors: Caillé Alain
Published: July 2017

Contrairement à la certitude désormais largement partagée parmi les spécialistes de la religion, on fait le pari qu’il n’est pas impossible de parvenir à une définition raisonnable et utile de la religion. Mais cela suppose, pour commencer, de distinguer clairement entre le religieux, la religion et la religiosité, puis de situer le religieux par rapport au politique, à la parentalité et à l’économique en les distinguant clairement de leur actualisation historique sous la forme de la religion, de la politique, de la parenté et de l’économie. Une fois ces clarifications opérées, on montre que le politique et le religieux sont toujours intimement liés. Le politico-religieux est le moment instituant des sociétés, ce qui n’est le cas et ne peut pas être le cas ni de la parentalité ni de l’économique.
Petit échange sur l’idée même de religion
Authors: Caillé Alain , Singleton Michael
Published: July 2017

Bref échange entre Alain Caillé et Michael Singleton (missionnaire et anthropologue) autour de l’article de ce dernier, paru le 25 mars 2016 dans la Revue du Mauss permanente  : « Cro-Magnon était-il croyant ? Le pré, le para et le postreligieux ». Tandis que Michael Singleton, dans cet article, affirme avec force n’avoir trouvé aucune trace de « religion » chez les peuples africains auprès desquels il a vécu et travaillé, Alain Caillé suggère que certains des traits relevés par l’ethnologue entrent en résonance avec sa propre théorie du religieux.
Républicanisme vs Libéralisme. Les régimes de laïcité et leur mise à l’épreuve
Authors: Gauthier François
Published: July 2017

Les débats sur la question de la religion et de l’espace public opposent deux idéologies irréconciliables : le multiculturalisme libéral et la laïcité républicaine. De manière idéal-typique, cet article propose de définir le libéralisme et le républicanisme comme les deux pôles d’une matrice indispensable à la compréhension du réel et qui trouve son actualisation dans les histoires respectives des cultures marquées par le catholicisme et le protestantisme. Il aborde d’abord les circonstances historiques de l’émergence de ces deux imaginaires politiques avant de définir schématiquement chaque idéal-type. En conclusion, l’article montre en quoi ces deux grands modèles de laïcité, tels qu’ils se sont institutionnalisés, sont aujourd’hui mis à l’épreuve de manière radicale par les mutations récentes du religieux, typifiées par le port du voile islamique.
Persona. Inquiries on the self in the representation of metropolis between XIX and XX centuries
Authors: Rafele Antonio
Published: July 2017

Cet article met en relation la pensée de Walter Benjamin ( Le livre des passages ) et de Georg Simmel ( Les grandes villes et la vie de l’esprit et La philosophie de l’argent ) autour d’une réflexion commune sur le Soi dans le contexte de la métropole. Cette interprétation aboutit à une constellation de termes (perception, mythe, habitudes, distraction, images, discontinuité, conscience, style de vie et médias) formant une image problématique du Soi.
Pediatric Cellulitis: A Red-Hot Concern
Authors: Shriner Andrew , Wilkie Laurie
Published: July 2017

Cellulitis and other skin and soft tissue infections are a common reason for children to seek care, both in the primary care setting and the emergency department. Cellulitis is a common skin and soft-tissue infection that is usually caused by streptococci bacteria or, less commonly,
Staphylococcus aureus
. Most children recover quickly from cellulitis, but a small subset will require hospitalization. Practitioners need to be skilled in the diagnosis and treatment of cellulitis, including recognition of the need for inpatient treatment. However, diagnosis of cellulitis, and exclusion of complicated or other more serious infections, can be challenging. Management of these infections has also been highly variable, resulting in some difficulty identifying the ideal treatment regimen. The goal is to use the antibiotic with the narrowest spectrum for the shortest duration necessary to provide clinical improvement. Research to identify the best treatment for pediatric cellulitis will be important moving forward.

[
Pediatr Ann
. 2017;46(7):e265–e269.]
Larra, autor de la primera ópera española del siglo XIX: El rapto (1832). Estudio preliminar y edición crítica del nuevo manuscrito inédito
Authors: Espín Templado María Pilar
Published: July 2017

De importancia capital es esta publicación del manuscrito inédito de El Rapto (1832), la primera ópera escrita en español en la historia de nuestro teatro lírico debida a Mariano José de Larra, con música del maestro Genovés. Por primera vez se publica ahora el texto completo de la ópera, ya que en una edición anterior, de 1991, solo se pudieron dar a conocer los cantables, y no la totalidad de ellos, puesto que la parte declamada no aparecía en el único manuscrito hasta entonces conocido, de la Biblioteca Histórica Municipal de Madrid. Esta edición aporta además el aparato crítico necesario para la fijación del texto correcto, teniendo en cuenta las enmiendas y correcciones que aparecen de puño y letra de Larra que figuran en el nuevo manuscrito y contrastando las variantes que presentan los cantables respecto a la edición anterior. El estudio preliminar añade el análisis y la valoración de esta obra tan significativa dentro del contexto histórico y dramático en el que se produjo.
La afasia en los testimonios de conversión súbita
Authors: Contreras Espuny José María
Published: July 2017

Mediante el estudio comparativo filológico y fenomenológico de los testimonios autógrafos de conversión súbita de Paul Claudel, Manuel García Morente y André Frossard, se pretende indagar en la afasia, entendida como incapacidad de hablar frente a la teofanía y la dificultad de comunicar está en un marco testimonial. En comparación con la tradición mística, se hará un recorrido por la taxonomía de lo inefable en el corpus y se observarán sus posibilidades lingüísticas y narrativas. El objetivo es analizar los rasgos e implicaciones que adquiere el lenguaje a la hora de tener que comunicar un algo inexpresable, en este caso, la aparición puntual de la divinidad con las implicaciones místicas que conlleva.
¿Qué es cultura en la «economía de la cultura»? Definiendo la cultura para crear modelos mensurables en economía cultural
Authors: Monasterio Astobiza Aníbal
Published: July 2017

El concepto de cultura es bastante vago y ambiguo para los objetivos formales de la economía. En este escrito se pretende definir y acotar mejor el espacio semántico de la idea de cultura para ayudar a crear explicaciones económicas basadas en la cultura dirigidas a medir el retorno e impacto económico y social de toda actividad o creencia asociada a la cultura. Por cultura, de acuerdo con la definición evolutiva canónica, se entiende cualquier tipo de comportamiento ritualizado o convertido en significativo para un grupo de individuos que permanece, más o menos, constante y es trasmitido intergeneracionalmente a través del tiempo. Toda institución económica se basa, implícita o explícitamente, en una visión de cómo funcionamos los seres humanos, la cultura es imprescindible para entendernos, por ello, es necesario describir correctamente qué es lo que se entiende por cultura. En este escrito hacemos una revisión de la literatura en antropología y psicología evolucionista en torno al concepto de cultura para advertir que una modelización económica de la cultura ignora aspectos intangibles de los beneficios de la cultura y que por tanto la economía se muestra incapaz de medir algunos ítems culturales en la sociedad de consumo digital.
Considering Cultural Factors in Emerging Adult Use of Communication Technologies
Authors: Guan Shu-Sha Angie , Bui Tom Anh , Ho Wan
Published: July 2017

Focus groups with young adult college students (N = 13, 8 females, 5 males, Mage = 20.46, SD = 1.27) from different ethnic and generational backgrounds were conducted to examine how Asian American and European American young adults may use digital media for social support and how they may interact with specific social partners (family members, romantic partners and friends). Findings suggest that participants, regardless of cultural background, feel greater ease with disclosing to family members and romantic partners. Intimacy in friendships varied greatly, required more impression management, and, therefore, was often facilitated by digital media. Individual and cultural differences may also explain differences in communication patterns with friends. Future directions and practical implications are discussed.
Understanding Knowledge Networks Through Social Network Analysis
Authors: Davel Ronel , Du Toit Adeline S. A. , Mearns Martie M
Published: July 2017

Social network analysis (SNA) is being increasingly deployed as an instrument to plot knowledge and expertise as well as to confirm the character of connections in informal networks within organisations. This study investigated how the integration of networking into KM can produce significant advantages for organisations. The aim of the research was to examine how the interactions between SNA, Communities of Practice (CoPs) and knowledge maps could potentially influence knowledge networks. The researchers endeavour to illustrate via this question that cultivating synergies between SNA, CoPs and knowledge maps will enable organisations to produce stronger knowledge networks and ultimately increase their social capital. This article intends to present a process map that can be useful when an organisation wants to positively increase its social capital by examining influencing interactions between SNA, CoPs and knowledge maps, thereby enhancing the manner in which they share and create knowledge.
A Cloud Computing-Based Model of E-Commerce Adoption for Developing Countries
Authors: El Said Ghada Refaat
Published: July 2017

While e-commerce can contribute significantly to the economies of developing countries, challenges may include a lack of telecommunications infrastructure, low Internet and credit card penetration, lack of skilled professionals and insufficient delivery systems. Cloud computing offers a solution to most of these challenges, providing access to a low-cost, reliable and flexible internet-based infrastructure. However, there is little empirical validation of the adoption of cloud computing in e-commerce; to bridge that gap, the present study proposes a cloud-based model of e-commerce adoption. Based on a survey of leaders of 175 small, medium, and large ICT firms in Egypt, a developing country where e-commerce is expected to boom in the coming years, the proposed model empirically validates organizational, technical and contextual factors that would make e-commerce adoption more effective for business, governments and service providers.
A Novel Subset of Anti-Inflammatory CD138+ Macrophages Is Deficient in Mice with Experimental Lupus
Authors: Han Shuhong , Zhuang Haoyang , Shumyak Stepan , Wu Jingfan , Li Hui , Yang Li-Jun , Reeves Westley H.
Published: July 2017

Dead cells accumulating in the tissues may contribute to chronic inflammation. We examined the cause of impaired apoptotic cell clearance in human and murine lupus. Dead cells accumulated in bone marrow from lupus patients but not from nonautoimmune patients undergoing myeloablation, where they were efficiently removed by macrophages (MΦ). Impaired apoptotic cell uptake by MΦ also was seen in mice treated i.p. with pristane (develop lupus) but not mineral oil (MO) (do not develop lupus). The inflammatory response to both pristane and MO rapidly depleted resident (Tim4+) large peritoneal MΦ. The peritoneal exudate of pristane-treated mice contained mainly Ly6Chi inflammatory monocytes; whereas in MO-treated mice, it consisted predominantly of a novel subset of highly phagocytic MΦ resembling small peritoneal MΦ (SPM) that expressed CD138+ and the scavenger receptor Marco. Treatment with anti-Marco–neutralizing Abs and the class A scavenger receptor antagonist polyinosinic acid inhibited phagocytosis of apoptotic cells by CD138+ MΦ. CD138+ MΦ expressed IL-10R, CD206, and CCR2 but little TNF-α or CX3CR1. They also expressed high levels of activated CREB, a transcription factor implicated in generating alternatively activated MΦ. Similar cells were identified in the spleen and lung of MO-treated mice and also were induced by LPS. We conclude that highly phagocytic, CD138+ SPM-like cells with an anti-inflammatory phenotype may promote the resolution of inflammation in lupus and infectious diseases. These SPM-like cells are not restricted to the peritoneum and may help clear apoptotic cells from tissues such as the lung, helping to prevent chronic inflammation.
Human Monocyte Subsets Are Transcriptionally and Functionally Altered in Aging in Response to Pattern Recognition Receptor Agonists
Authors: Metcalf Talibah U. , Wilkinson Peter A. , Cameron Mark J. , Ghneim Khader , Chiang Cindy , Wertheimer Anne M. , Hiscott John B. , Nikolich-Zugich Janko , Haddad Elias K.
Published: July 2017

Age-related alterations in immunity have been linked to increased incidence of infections and decreased responses to vaccines in the aging population. Human peripheral blood monocytes are known to promote Ag presentation and antiviral activities; however, the impact of aging on monocyte functions remains an open question. We present an in-depth global analysis examining the impact of aging on classical (CD14+CD16−), intermediate (CD14+CD16+), and nonclassical (CD14dimCD16+) monocytes. Monocytes sorted from nonfrail healthy adults (21–40 y) and old (≥65 y) individuals were analyzed after stimulation with TLR4, TLR7/8, and retinoic acid–inducible gene I agonists. Our data showed that under nonstimulated conditions, monocyte subsets did not reveal significant age-related alternations; however, agonist stimulated-monocytes from adults and old subjects did show differences at the transcriptional and functional levels. These alternations in many immune-related transcripts and biological processes resulted in reduced production of IFN-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, CCL20, and CCL8, and higher expression of CX3CR1 in monocytes from old subjects. Our findings represent a comprehensive analysis of the influence of human aging on pattern recognition receptors signaling and monocyte functions, and have implications for strategies to enhance the immune response in the context of infection and immunization.
Regulated Polarization of Tumor-Associated Macrophages by miR-145 via Colorectal Cancer–Derived Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Shinohara Haruka , Kuranaga Yuki , Kumazaki Minami , Sugito Nobuhiko , Yoshikawa Yuki , Takai Tomoaki , Taniguchi Kohei , Ito Yuko , Akao Yukihiro
Published: July 2017

Macrophages are polarized into functional classically activated and alternatively activated (M2) phenotypes depending on their microenvironment, and these cells play an important role in the immune system. M2-like polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) is activated by various secretions from cancer cells; however, the interaction between cancer cells and TAMs is not well understood. Recent studies showed that cancer cell–derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) contribute to tumor development and modulation of the tumor microenvironment. In the current study, we investigated colorectal cancer–derived EVs containing miR-145 with respect to the polarization of TAMs. Colorectal cancer cells positively secreted miR-145 via EVs, which were taken up by macrophage-like cells. Interestingly, colorectal cancer–derived EVs polarized macrophage-like cells into the M2-like phenotype through the downregulation of histone deacetylase 11. An in vivo study showed that EV-treated macrophages caused significant enlargement of the tumor volumes. These findings suggest that colorectal cancer cells use miR-145 within EVs to efficiently modulate M2-like macrophage polarization and tumor progression.
Superconvergence Analysis of Gradient Recovery Method for TM Model of Electromagnetic Scattering in the Cavity
Authors: Jia Shanghui , Yao Changhui
Published: July 2017

In this paper, we consider the transform magnetic (TM) model of electromagnetic scattering in the cavity. By the Polynomial Preserving Recovery technique, we present superconvergence analysis for the vertex-edge-face type finite element. From the numerical example, we can see that the provided method is efficient and stable.
Vancomycin 50 mg/mL Suspension in Oral Syrup: Stability in Plastic Bottles and Syringes at 2 Temperatures
Authors: Smith Alexander D , Rempel Gemma , Szeitz Andras , Klassen Tara L , Ensom Mary H H
Published: July 2017

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Physical Assessment by Pharmacists: A Valued Component of Care
Authors: Turgeon Ricky D
Published: July 2017

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The Essential Role of Pharmacy Leaders in Guiding Change
Authors: Saulnier Lauza
Published: July 2017

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Study of the Salivary Glands in Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae, Triatominae): Their Color and Application to the Chagas Disease Vector Evolution
Authors: de Oliveira Jader , Ravazi Amanda , Souza Eder dos Santos , Moreira Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo , Galvão Cleber , da Rosa João Aristeu , Alevi Kaio Cesar Chaboli
Published: July 2017

Chagas disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and transmitted by feces of a triatomine that has the habit of defecating during blood feeding. The salivary glands of triatomines are important to hematophagy because their saliva is rich in anticoagulant and hemolytic proteins. The salivary glands of some Rhodnius species analyzed are reddish due to the presence of nitrophorins (antihemostatic activity). The present study aimed to analyze the color pattern of the salivary glands of 67 triatomine species to evaluate whether the presence of nitrophorins is a synapomorphy of Rhodnius or the tribe Rhodniini, or if it is shared with triatomines of the tribes Triatomini and Cavernicolini. Since only the species of the tribe Rhoniini present red glands, it is admitted that the presence of nitrophorin proteins is a synapomorphy of the tribe Rhodniini and that this tribe has derived more recently when compared with Triatomini and Cavernicolini.
A Web-based Game for Teaching Facial Expressions to Schizophrenic Patients
Authors: Işleyen Filiz , Cinemre Buket , Samur Mehmet Kemal , Kaya Semiha Şen , Zayim Neşe , Gülkesen Kemal Hakan
Published: July 2017

Background: Recognizing facial expressions is an important social skill. In some psychological disorders such as schizophrenia, loss of this skill may complicate the patient’s daily life. Prior research has shown that information technology may help to develop facial expression recognition skills through educational software and games.

Objectives: To examine if a computer game designed for teaching facial expressions would improve facial expression recognition skills of patients with schizophrenia.

Methods: We developed a website composed of eight serious games. Thirty-two patients were given a pre-test composed of 21 facial expression photographs. Eighteen patients were in the study group while 14 were in the control group. Patients in the study group were asked to play the games on the website. After a period of one month, we performed a post-test for all patients.

Results: The median score of the correct answers was 17.5 in the control group whereas it was 16.5 in the study group (of 21) in pretest. The median post-test score was 18 in the control group (p=0.052) whereas it was 20 in the study group (p<0.001).

Conclusions: Computer games may be used for the purpose of educating people who have difficulty in recognizing facial expressions.

Citation: Gülkesen KH, Işleyen F, Cinemre B, Şamur MK, Sen Kaya S, Zayim N. A web-based game for teaching facial expressions to schizophrenic patients. Appl Clin Inform 2017; 8: 719–730 https://doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2016-10-RA-0172
Australian Children’s Literature and Postcolonialism: A Review Essay
Authors: Xu Daozhi
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2016v69n2p193The theme of land and country is resonant in Australian children’s literature with Aboriginal subject matter. The textual and visual narratives present counter-discourse strategies to challenge the colonial ideology and dominant valuation of Australian landscape. This paper begins by examining the colonial history of seeing Australia as an “empty space”, naming, and appropriating the land by erasing Aboriginal presence from the land. Then it explores the conceptual re-investment of Aboriginal connections to country in the representation of Australian landscape, as reflected and re-imagined in fiction and non-fiction for child readers. Thereby, as the paper suggests, a shared and reconciliatory space can at least discursively be negotiated and envisioned.
Ações do Laboratório de Letramento Acadêmico da USP: promovendo a escrita acadêmica na graduação e na pós-graduação
Authors: Ferreira Marília Mendes , Lousada Eliane Gouvêa
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2016v69n3p125A internacionalização crescente das universidades brasileiras impõe para a comunidade acadêmica do país novas demandas linguísticas: não somente leitura, mas também a comunicação efetiva de forma oral e escrita no discurso acadêmico em pelo menos duas línguas : a materna e a estrangeira (sobretudo o inglês). Entretanto, condições materiais para o atendimento dessas demandas são praticamente inexistentes nas instituições de ensino superior brasileiras (Ferreira, 2015). O objetivo desse artigo é expor uma ação que visa atender a uma dessas demandas impostas pela internacionalização - a socialização com a escrita acadêmica em inglês, francês e português não somente para fins de leitura e assimilação de conteúdo, mas sobretudo para a publicação nessas línguas. Essa ação é empreendida pelo Laboratório de Letramento Acadêmico da USP[1].[1] http://letramentoacademico.fflch.usp.br/
Práticas de letramento acadêmico no Facebook
Authors: Franco Raquel Aparecida Soares Reis , Castanheira Maria Lúcia
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2016v69n3p13No Brasil, no âmbito acadêmico, identificamos diversos cursos de especialização em nível de pós-graduação lato sensu voltados para professores. Diante disso, a partir de uma perspectiva social do letramento (LEA; STREET, 1998; LILLIS; SCOTT, 2007), analisamos, neste artigo, as práticas de letramento acadêmico ocorridas no Facebook, tomado como Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem, de um curso de especialização em Linguagem e Tecnologia, com o objetivo de compreender os signiﬁcados da escrita acadêmica nesse contexto. Pudemos perceber pelos resultados deste trabalho que os significados da escrita para os participantes constituem o que foi denominado de modelo autônomo de letramento (STREET, 1984); evidenciando a natureza tensa e conflituosa nas interações mediadas pela escrita nesse curso de especialização.
Produção Textual na Universidade
Authors: Souza Ferretti Soares Vanessa Arlésia
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2016v69n3p249Resenha do livro MOTTA-ROTH, Désirée.; HENDGES; Gabriela Rabuske. Produção textual na universidade. São Paulo: Parábola Editorial, 2010. Série Estratégias de ensino. n. 20, 167p.
Práticas de escrita e argumentação em um evento científico para graduandos: um estudo fundamentado no conceito bakhtiniano de conclusibilidade do enunciado
Authors: Lopes Mariana Dutra de Carvalho , Castro Carlos Henrique Silva de
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2016v69n3p29Este trabalho investiga a participação de estudantes de graduação enquanto autores e leitores de artigos em um evento científico online a fim de verificar se eles interagem entre si por meio de enunciados plenos. A base teórica da investigação sustenta-se no conceito bakhtiniano de enunciado pleno e tem na concepção do ensino de leitura e escrita com propósitos funcionais um apoio para melhor apreensão do contexto de aprendizagem em que a pesquisa se insere. O evento selecionado para coleta de dados ocorre em um blog, no âmbito de uma disciplina de leitura e produção de textos, e convida os estudantes a escreverem e publicarem seus artigos, comentarem outros três trabalhos e participarem do debate no espaço de seus artigos. Para conduzir este estudo de caso, de abordagem qualitativa, foram selecionados trinta comentários de estudantes, constituintes de dois posts de artigos. O resultado da análise dos enunciados sugere que os estudantes reconheceram uma situação de interlocução e mostraram-se engajados ao participarem da atividade, exercitando as habilidades de leitura, escrita e argumentação.
O discurso citado na macroestrutura textual de artigos científicos de jovens pesquisadores
Authors: Bessa José Cezinaldo Rocha
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2016v69n3p45Neste artigo, examinamos o discurso citado em artigos científicos de jovens pesquisadores, observando o uso desse mecanismo linguístico-discursivo em função da organização e distribuição das informações na macroestrutura textual. O trabalho se fundamenta em estudos do Círculo de Bakhtin e em trabalhos na perspectiva de Swales. Privilegiando uma abordagem qualitativa e uma análise de natureza interpretativa, a investigação contempla um exame de 10 artigos científicos de estudantes de mestrado das áreas de Letras e Linguística. A análise confirma que formas e finalidades de uso do discurso citato no artigo científico do jovem pesquisador sofrem inevitavelmente forte determinação da seção do artigo nas quais são mobilizadas, mas também do modo pessoal como o produtor seleciona e organiza as informações em seu texto, revelando a relação complexa e tensa entre estilo do gênero do discurso e estilo individual do produtor.
Desafios à educação para a autoria na esfera acadêmica
Authors: Cerutti-Rizzatti Mary Elizabeth , Dellagnelo Adriana De Carvalho Kuerten
Published: July 2017

http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2016v69n3p63Este artigo tem como tema ‘a educação para a autoria na universidade’; organiza-se para responder à seguinte questão-problema: Que desafios se colocam à educação para a autoria na esfera acadêmica hoje? Para tanto, o texto se delineia a partir de uma filiação teórico-epistemológica de base histórico-cultural, contemplando uma abordagem compreensivista na geração e na análise dos dados, os quais derivam de um conjunto de estudos já consolidados ou em fase de consolidação no Grupo de Pesquisa ‘Cultura Escrita e Escolarização’ da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina. Como resposta à questão-problema, argumenta-se haver, dentre outros tantos, três grandes desafios de substantiva relevância na educação para a autoria: (i) apropriação de conhecimentos tensionada por fundamentos relativistas na esfera escolar; (ii) expectativas acadêmicas nas relações com posturas de condescendência; e (iii) atenção seletiva como contraface da ausculta. Defende-se que uma educação para a autoria nessa esfera implica a ampliação de repertório cultural dos sujeitos ao longo de seu percurso formativo na busca por consolidar uma condição de autonomia em relação à heteronomia nessa mesma esfera.