bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Higher-order source-wavefield reconstruction for reverse time migration from stored values in a boundary strip just one point wide
Authors: Mulder Wim A.
Published: October 2017

One way to deal with the storage problem for the forward source wavefield in reverse time migration and full-waveform inversion is the reconstruction of that wavefield during reverse time stepping along with the receiver wavefield. Apart from the final states of the source wavefield, this requires a strip of boundary values for the whole time range in the presence of absorbing boundaries. The width of the stored boundary strip, positioned in between the interior domain of interest and the absorbing boundary region, usually equals about half that of the finite-difference stencil. The required storage in 3D with high frequencies can still lead to a decrease in computational efficiency, despite the substantial reduction in data volume compared with storing the source wavefields at all or at appropriately subsampled time steps. We have developed a method that requires a boundary strip with a width of just one point and has a negligible loss of accuracy. Stored boundary values over time enable the computation of the second and higher even spatial derivatives normal to the boundary, which together with extrapolation from the interior provides stability and accuracy. Numerical tests show that the use of only the boundary values provides at most fourth-order accuracy for the reconstruction error in the source wavefield. The use of higher even normal derivatives, reconstructed from the stored boundary values, allows for higher orders as numerical examples up to order 26 demonstrate. Subsampling in time is feasible with high-order interpolation and provides even more storage reduction but at a higher computational cost.
Androgen Receptor Immunohistochemistry as a Companion Diagnostic Approach to Predict Clinical Response to Enzalutamide in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Kumar Varun , Yu Jianjun , Phan Vernon , Tudor Iulia Cristina , Peterson Amy , Uppal Hirdesh
Published: October 2017

Purpose

The androgen receptor (AR) is increasingly recognized as a potential biomarker for identifying a subset of patients with possible hormonally driven triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). However, its performance as a companion diagnostic remains elusive. Thus, we evaluated AR expression by immunohistochemistry in patients with advanced TNBC before treatment with the AR inhibitor enzalutamide.

Methods

We optimized and validated immunohistochemistry assays in breast and prostate cancer cell lines and tissues using two commercial AR monoclonal antibodies (SP107 and AR441). AR expression was then examined in patients with advanced TNBC enrolled in a phase II study of enzalutamide (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01889238) on archived or fresh tissue before treatment. Association with clinical response was assessed by sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), drop-out rate, and survival.

Results

AR expression was detected in 80% and 63% of breast cancer tissue using SP107 and AR441, respectively. SP107 was selected for additional analyses because of its higher sensitivity and robustness. Total AR nuclear staining demonstrated the best accuracy in predicting clinical response (area under receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.72; P = .0001). At a threshold of 10%, 74.6% of patients were AR positive, leading to 30% PPV, 90% sensitivity, and 30% specificity. These patients showed a significantly higher median progression-free survival (hazard ratio, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.88; P = .011) and overall survival (hazard ratio, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.32 to 0.91; P = .019) compared with those with AR-negative (< 10%) TNBC.

Conclusion

At a threshold of ≥ 10% nuclear expression, the AR was associated with TNBC response to enzalutamide. However, the modest PPV may restrict its clinical application, and additional diagnostic tools may be helpful for improved patient selection.
Mecp2 regulatestnfaduring zebrafish embryonic development and acute inflammation
Authors: van der Vaart M. , Svoboda O. , Weijts B. G. , Espín-Palazón R. , Sapp V. , Pietri T. , Bagnat M. , Muotri A. R. , Traver D.
Published: October 2017

Mutations in MECP2 cause Rett syndrome, a severe neurological disorder with autism-like features. Duplication of MECP2 also causes severe neuropathology. Both diseases display immunological abnormalities that suggest a role for MeCP2 in controlling immune and inflammatory responses. Here, we used mecp2-null zebrafish to study the potential function of Mecp2 as an immunological regulator. Mecp2-deficiency resulted in an increase in neutrophil infiltration and upregulated expression of the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines Il1b and Il10 as a secondary response to disturbances in tissue homeostasis. In contrast, expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (Tnfa) was consistently downregulated in mecp2­-null animals during development, representing the earliest developmental phenotype described for MeCP2-deficiency to date. Expression of tnfa was unresponsive to inflammatory stimulation, and was partially restored by re-expression of functional mecp2. Thus, Mecp2 is required for tnfa expression during zebrafish development and inflammation. Finally, RNA sequencing of mecp2-null embryos revealed dysregulated processes predictive for Rett syndrome phenotypes.
Lipid-dependent regulation of exocytosis in S. cerevisiae by OSBP homolog (Osh) 4
Authors: Smindak Richard J. , Heckle Lindsay A. , Chittari Supraja S. , Hand Marissa A. , Hyatt Dylan M. , Mantus Grace E. , Sanfelippo William A. , Kozminski Keith G.
Published: October 2017

Polarized exocytosis is an essential process in many organisms and cell types for correct cell division or functional specialization. Previous studies established that homologs of the oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP) in S. cerevisiae, which comprise the Osh protein family, are necessary for efficient polarized exocytosis by supporting a late post-Golgi step. We define this step as the docking of a specific sub-population of exocytic vesicles with the plasma membrane. In the absence of other Osh proteins, yeast Osh4p can support this process in a manner dependent upon two lipid ligands, PI4P and sterol. Osh6p, which binds PI4P and phosphatidylserine, is also sufficient to support polarized exocytosis, again in a lipid-dependent manner. These data suggest that Osh-mediated exocytosis depends upon lipid binding and exchange without a strict requirement for sterol. We propose a two-step mechanism for Osh protein-mediated regulation of polarized exocytosis by using Osh4p as a model. We describe a specific in vivo role for lipid binding by an OSBP-related protein (ORP) in the process of polarized exocytosis, guiding our understanding of where and how OSBP and ORPs may function in more complex organisms.
Rapid Ethical Appraisal: A tool to design a contextualized consent process for a genetic study of podoconiosis in Ethiopia
Authors: Gebresilase Tewodros Tariku , Deresse Zebene , Tsegay Girmay , Tessema Tesfaye Sisay , Aseffa Abraham , Davey Gail , Newport Melanie , Tekola-Ayele Fasil , Addissie Adamu
Published: October 2017

Background:Obtaining genuine informed consent from research participants in developing countries can be difficult, partly due to poor knowledge about research process and research ethics. The situation is complicated when conducting genomic research on a disease considered familial and a reason for stigmatisation.

Methods:We used a Rapid Ethical Appraisal tool to assess local factors that were barriers to getting genuine informed consent prior to conducting a genetic study of podoconiosis (non-filarial elephantiasis) in two Zones of Ethiopia. The tool included in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with patients, healthy community members, field workers, researchers/Institutional Review Board (IRB) members, elders, religious leaders, and podoconiosis administrators who work closely with patients.

Results:Most patients and healthy community members did not differentiate research from routine clinical diagnosis. Participants felt comfortable when approached in the presence of trusted community members. Field workers and podoconiosis administrators preferred verbal consent, whereas the majority of patients and healthy community members prefer both verbal and written consent. Participants better understood genetic susceptibility concepts when analogies drawn from their day-to-day experience were used. The type of biological sample sought and gender were the two most important factors affecting the recruitment process. Most researchers and IRB members indicated that reporting incidental findings to participants is not a priority in an Ethiopian context.

Conclusions:Understanding the concerns of local people in areas where research is to be conducted facilitates the design of contextualized consent processes appropriate for all parties and will ultimately result in getting genuine consent.
The Triple Pompejanum Possessed by the von Stryk Family: The Manor Houses of Vana-Võidu, Suure-Kõpu and Voltveti
Authors: Anderson Jaanika , Hiiop Hilkka
Published: October 2017

The article is inspired by the fascinating findings and conservationwork done on the Pompeian style murals in Estonian manor housesduring the last few decades. The focus is on the murals in the manorhouses of Voltveti, Suure-Kõpu and Vana-Võidu – all of whichbelonged to different members of the von Stryk family of BalticGermans. The article focuses on the figurative paintings and the styleof the murals, as well as on an art-history-related interpretation anda wider contextual analysis of the Vana-Võidu wall paintings. Thesefinds are the most recent, and this article will study the possiblemodels and ideas for them, search for their art history context andimportance among the triple Pompejanum of the von Strycks. Thewall paintings in the Suure-Kõpu and Voltveti manor houses areused as reference material.The Vana-Võidu, Suure-Kõpu and Voltveti manor houses wererebuilt in the late neoclassical style between 1830s and 1840s. Thewall paintings in these late neoclassical manor houses were madeduring the second half of the 19th century and were inspired, in allcases, by a desire to achieve the look of an ancient interior. There arePompeian-style murals in all three manors. In Suure-Kõpu and Vana-Võidu, can see figurative paintings as well as the division of the wallsinto panels, which is characteristic of the Pompeian style. In Voltveti,there are no figurative paintings and the colour palette – alternatingwarm and cool pastel shades – is not characteristic of the Pompeianstyle, but the ornamental motives are derived from antiquity. It isknown that different publications about the excavated Campaniancities, were available in Estonia in the 19th century. Apparently, thevon Stryk brothers and the painter(s) were able to use the publishedmotifs, because the figurative paintings at Vana-Võidu and Suure-Kõpu are very accurately detailed.
Contemporary psychotherapeutic interventions in patients with anorexia nervosa – a review
Authors: Starzomska Małgorzata , Wilkos Ewelina , Kucharska Katarzyna
Published: October 2017

Jadłowstręt psychiczny (JP), ze względu na swój egosyntoniczny charakter, jest uważany za jedno z najtrudniejszych do leczenia zaburzeń psychicznych. Pacjenci często niechętnie akceptują leczenie, a wśród tych, którzy je rozpoczynają, duża grupa ma złe rokowania. Pacjenci z JP często są negatywnie nastawieni do jakiejkolwiek interwencji, nierzadko są chronicznie chorzy a ich funkcjonowanie pod względem zdrowotnym i psychospołecznym jest upośledzone. W ciągu ostatnich lat obserwujemy rozwój wielu nowych modeli leczenia zaburzeń odżywiania, w tym JP. Leczenie JP wymaga wielodyscyplinarnego podejścia, w którym bez wątpienia psychoterapia pozostaje „kamieniem węgielnym”. Pomimo rosnącej liczby badań i publikacji dotyczących psychologicznego leczenia JP nadal istnieje niedostatek wysokiej jakości kontrolowanych badań z randomizacją (Randomized Controlled Trials, RCTs), na których można opierać wytyczne dla psychologicznego leczenia JP. Niniejszy artykuł stanowi kompendium wiedzy na temat standardów leczenia rekomendowanych w przypadku JP, kierunków i programów psychoterapii. Większość z opisanych tu oddziaływań została poparta dowodami odnoszącymi się do ich efektywności. Może to ułatwić podjęcie odpowiedniej decyzji dotyczącej wyboru określonych form leczenia w ramach leczenia ambulatoryjnego, czy szpitalnego.
Psychosocial aspects of participation of the Polish Armed Forces in combat missions
Authors: Karakiewicz Beata , Rozmarynowska Beata , Paszkiewicz Monika , Zabielska Paulina
Published: October 2017

Cel pracy

Służba polskich żołnierzy na misjach poza granicami kraju rozpoczęła się w roku 1953. Wieloletnie doświadczenie, zarówno polskiej armii jak i wojsk innych państw, pokazuje, iż przebywanie w rejonie misji ma istotny wpływ na zdrowie psychiczne żołnierzy. Celem badań była analiza aspektów psycho-społecznych związanych z uczestnictwem żołnierzy Wojska Polskiego w misjach poza granicami państwa.

Metoda

Badaniami objęto grupę 102 żołnierzy służących w Jednostce Wojskowej Nr 4092 w Wałczu, Jednostce Wojskowej Nr 4094 w Wałczu oraz żołnierzy służących oraz uczestników kursów w Wyższej Szkole Oficerskiej Wojsk Lądowych we Wrocławiu. Wszyscy badani to weterani misji poza granicami państwa. W badaniach posłużono się metodą metodą sondażu diagnostycznego. Wykorzystano trzy standaryzowane narzędzia badawcze: Inwentarz Stanu i Cechy Lęku, Inwentarz Osobowości NEO-FFI, Skalę Depresji Becka oraz autorski kwestionariusz ankiety.

Wyniki

Badania wykazały zależności pomiędzy poziomem lęku u żołnierzy-weteranów misji poza granicami kraju, a silnymi stresorami pola walki, działaniu jakich byli poddani, oraz ich sytuacją rodzinną i nieinstytucjonalnymi metodami wsparcia psychicznego, jakie otrzymywali w czasie pobytu w rejonie delegowania. W toku badań wyodrębniono czynnik, który przyczynia się do poczucia niezrozumienia żołnierzy przez bliskich po powrocie do kraju.

Wnioski

Wyższy poziom lęku występuje u żołnierzy, którzy w czasie misji odczuwali zagrożenie życia. Posiadanie dzieci jest czynnikiem zwiększającym poziom lęku u weteranów misji poza granicami kraju. Regularny kontakt żołnierzy z rodziną pozostawioną w kraju wiąże się z niższym poczuciem lęku.
Perception of Resources Spent on Defensive Medicine and History of Being Sued Among Hospitalists: Results from a National Survey
Authors: Saint Sanjay , Vaughn Valerie M. , Chopra Vineet , Fowler Karen E. , Kachalia Allen
Published: October 2017

The United States spends substantially more per capita for healthcare than any other nation. Defensive medicine is 1 source of such spending, but its extent is unclear. Using a national survey of approximately 1500 US hospitalists, we report the estimates the US hospitalists provided of the percent of resources spent on defensive medicine and correlates of their estimates. We also ascertained how many reported being sued. Sixty‐eight percent of eligible recipients responded. Overall, respondents estimated that 37.5% of healthcare costs are due to defensive medicine. Just over 25% of our respondents, including 55% of those in practice for 20 years or more, reported being sued for medical malpractice. Veterans Affairs (VA) hospital affiliation, more years practicing as a physician, being male, and being a non‐Hispanic white individual were all independently associated with decreased estimates of resources spent for defensive medicine.
The TEND (Tomorrow's Expected Number of Discharges) Model Accurately Predicted the Number of Patients Who Were Discharged from the Hospital the Next Day
Authors: van Walraven Carl , Forster Alan J.
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUND

Knowing the number of discharges that will occur is important for administrators when hospital occupancy is close to or exceeds 100%. This information will facilitate decision making such as whether to bring in extra staff, cancel planned surgery, or implement measures to increase the number of discharges. We derived and internally validated the TEND (Tomorrow's Expected Number of Discharges) model to predict the number of discharges from hospital in the next day.

METHODS

We identified all patients greater than 1 year of age admitted to a multisite academic hospital between 2013 and 2015. In derivation patients we applied survival‐tree methods to patient‐day covariates (patient age, sex, comorbidities, location, admission urgency, service, campus, and weekday) and identified risk strata having unique discharge patterns. Discharge probability in each risk strata for the previous 6 months was summed to calculate each day's expected number of discharges.

RESULTS

Our study included 192,859 admissions. The daily number of discharges varied extensively (median 139; interquartile range [IQR] 95‐160; range 39‐214). We identified 142 discharge risk strata. In the validation patients, the expected number of daily discharges strongly predicted the observed number of discharges (adjusted R2 = 89.2%; P < .0001). The relative difference between observed and expected number of discharges was small (median 1.4%; IQR ‐5.5% to 7.1%).

CONCLUSION

The TEND model accurately predicted the daily number of discharges using information typically available within hospital data warehouses. Further study is necessary to determine if this information improves hospital bed management.
How Coordination Trajectories Influence the Performance of Interorganizational Project Networks
Authors: Oliveira Nuno , Lumineau Fabrice
Published: October 2017

This study examines how the joint use of integrators and contracts either enables or hampers coordination and, in turn, the performance of interorganizational project networks. Using extensive qualitative analyses and sociometric techniques, we investigated coordination among organizations during seven small- and medium-sized building projects. Our longitudinal study reveals how integrators develop connecting functions that, together with contracts’ steering functions, largely drive coordination dynamics. Further data analyses provide insight into how coordination hinges on the prevalence of connecting or steering, which may more or less fit with coordination needs in various project phases. Given these findings, we theorize the contingent nature of the interplay between the use of integrators and contracts throughout projects. Our findings are integrated into a process model of how coordination trajectories lead to different performance levels of interorganizational project networks. Our study has theoretical implications for the literature on project-based organizing and, more broadly, the literature on interorganizational coordination.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2017.1151 .
Formulation and Characterization of Kaffir Lime Oil Nanoemulsion
Authors: Christy Ghea Putri , Arimurni Dewa Ayu , Wahyudi Made Dwi Pradipta , Martien Ronny , Tunjung Woro Anindito Sri
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT: Kaffir lime oil has many health benefits. However, an obstacle to its commercial use is oxidation during storage. Nanoemulsions (particulate colloidal systems) have been shown to be suitable carriers for lipophilic essential oil constituents due to amphipathic compounds that facilitate solubility. The objectives of this study were to formulate thermodynamically stable kaffir lime oil nanoemulsions and to investigate their physicochemical properties. Air-dried leaves of kaffir lime were subjected to steam distillation to obtain essential oil. Preparation of nanoemulsions was done using the spontaneous emulsification method. Tween 80 and propylene glycol were selected as surfactant mix components. The oil phase consisted of Miglyol 812 as a carrier oil for kaffir lime oil while double-distilled water was used in the aqueous phase. The best formula with transmittance above 95% and highest essential oil content was selected. It contained 20% of Tween 80, 10% of propylene glycol, 1.25% Miglyol 812, and 3.75% kaffir lime essential oil. This formula was then characterized and its thermodynamic stability determined. . The results showed that kaffir lime oil nanoemulsions were thermodynamically stable and robustly withstood variations in temperature, centrifugation, and long-term storage. Additionally, the nanoemulsions had low viscosity, which may facilitate its development as a pharmaceutical compound.
Effect of MMP-13 levels on Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs(DMARDS) and Corticosteroids on Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients with Chronic Periodontitis - A Biochemical Analysis
Authors: Thilagar Sivasankari , Ramakrishnan T. , Aruna B.
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT: To investigate the effect of anti-rheumatic DMARD and anti-inflammatory steroids in rheumatoid arthritis patients with chronic Periodontitis and also to estimate the levels of inflammatory biomarker MMP-13 in rheumatoid arthritis patients with chronic Periodontitis. A total of 90 subjects participated in the study. They were divided into three groups, Group I- 30 RA patients with CP who are consuming DMARD medications, Group II- 30 RA patients with CP who are consuming steroids and Group III- 30 population controls.The medications used by the rheumatoid arthritis patients were confirmed by a rheumatologist from the patients clinical records, based on the duration of the diseases, use of DMARDs, use of steroids , serological markers of RA, ACPA (anti-citrullinated peptide antibody), RF(rheumatoid factor) and no of swollen tender joints were determined. The Disease activity score (DAS 28) was calculated from the no of tender and swollen joints (28 joint count).Subsequent analysis for mmp-13 was done by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The serum MMP -13 levels in the serum of the healthy control group had significantly lower mean and standard deviation when compared to group I and II. The MMP-13 levels were higher in patients taking DMARDs when compared with the patients on steroid medications, which were statistically significant (P <0.001). In our study, MMP-13 levels are raised in DMARD group and decreased in the corticosteroid group with an increase in the periodontal parameters such as pocket depth and CAL. The possibility of periodontal destruction would have happened much before and the treatment on steroids would have lead to remission, thereby reduction in the MMP 13 levels was noted.
The Effect of Organic Fertilizer in the Increasing of Local Upland Rice Production on Marginal Land in North Buton Indonesia
Authors: Kadidaa Budianti , Sadimantara Gusti R. , Suaib Suaib , Safuan La Ode , Muhidin Muhidin
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT: Demand for rice as a source of food in Indonesia continues to increase in line with the growth of population, while the capacity to produce paddy rice increasingly limited. One of the efforts is to develop upland rice by utilizing the dry land with organic fertilizer application. The research was conducted in North Buton using split plot design. The main plot was the treatment of manure dosage consisting of 4 levels of treatment and the second factor of local upland rice cultivars as a subplot consisting of 22 cultivars. Production characters were observed and assessments are panicle length, grain number, number of grain content, wet grain weight, dried grain weight, grain weight per culm, and grain yield (t ha-1). The results showed that the yield potency of local upland rice cultivar in North Buton ranged from 3.11- 4.97 t ha-1 and the treatment of organic fertilizer can increase the yield components of upland rice.
Cost Analysis of Solar Cabinet Dryer for Drying Dates
Authors: Selvi N. Josephine , Baskar G. , Singh Aruna
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT: Solar cabinet dryer for drying of dates is one of the promising technology for obtaining good quality dried dates which is again energy and cost effective technology. From the cost analysis of the solar cabinet dryer installed at CCE, Oman there is a clear indication that the energy per unit cost was comparable to any other modern drying technology like freeze drying, where energy consumption is more. As per the annual life cycle costing (ALCC) carried out for solar cabinet dryer the cost per unit energy obtained was Rs.63.36/kWh, when 5 hours of potential sunshine hour was taken into account. Under the test condition, the specific moisture extraction rate was found to be 0.84 kg/kWh and it took only 24 hours to dry dates from moisture content of 49.01% to 35.21% in cabinet dryer compared to sun drying which took 48 hours which is double. In the presence of heat storage unit, the thermal efficiency of solar dryer for forced convection drying obtained for the period of study was 26%. Due to the presence of heat storage unit five plus two hours extended drying time was available. In that case the cost per unit energy was Rs. 45.28/kWh. If this solar dryer unit is produced in bulk surely the production cost or the capital cost will come down drastically. This would in turn reduce the cost/unit of energy. However the cost of raw material and the selling price of dried dates were not taken into account. If they were taken into account surely more cost reduction could be expected.
Longitudinal Patterns of Population Structure for Fishes Inhabiting River Tawi in Jammu region (J&K)
Authors: Gandotra Roopma , uz zaman Rizwan , Vivek Vivek
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT: The present study, was carried out to investigate the diversity and assemblage structure of ichthyofauna of bothupstream and downstream section of river Tawi from four different sections i.e. Station I (Chenani), Station II (Jhajjar kotli),Station III (Nagrota), and Station IV (Gujjar Nagar).The sampling was done from January 2016 to December 2016. The results of present investigation revealed the occurrence of twenty one fish species in all the study stations belonging to five orders viz. Cypriniformes, Mastacembeliformes, Synbranchiformes, Perciformes & Siluriformes and 6 families i.e. Cyprinidae, Nemachilidae, Mastacembelidae, Chinnidae, Sisuridae and Bagaridae. In all the study stations Cyprinidae was found to be dominant(62%)followed by family Nemacheilidae,(9%) Mastacembelidae, (9%) Channidae, (10%) Sisuridae and Bagaridae showed least contribution of 5% each. The fish diversity indices i.e. Shannon weiner (H) and Evenness (e) at all the stations were 1.286 & 0.7234, 1.662 & 0.753, 1.959 & 0.5454 and 1.978 &0.4252 at station I, II, III and IV respectively.
Bioconversion of Municipal Solid Wastes for Bioethanol Production
Authors: Patra J. , Basu A. , Mishra A. , Dhal N. K.
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT: The use of dilute acid (H2SO4, 3%) and alkali (NaOH, 3%) pretreatment methods has some potential how ever to date, these methods effectively increase ethanol production of municipal solid waste (MSW). Enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out with Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus and Trichoderma reesei. Finally, the fermentation was done by sugar three ethanologenic yeasts, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, pichia stipitis, canida shehatae for bioethanol production.The highest ethanol yield (22.32%) v/v. was obtained with a pre-hydrolysis treatment consisting of NaOH at 3% concentration, followed by Pichia stipitis and enzymatic hydrolysis with Aspergillus niger. Pre-hydrolysis treatment consisted Enzymatic hydrolysis was carried out with Alkali pretreated wastes yield more sugar as compared to acid treatment using produced more ethanol than others at each time point. The experimental results observed that 80% of the cellulose converted to glucose from the waste which can be easily fermented to production. of ethanol. The ability focus on related environmental issues, such as sustainable waste management, climate change, land use and biodiversity, are discussed.
Pathogenicity of Phoma Chrysanthemicola to Chrysanthemum Plants (Asteraceae Family) and Control of Pathogen by Chemical and Biological Approach
Authors: Mahish Pramod Kumar , Ghritlahare Anjali
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT: The Chrysanthemum also known as mums or chrysenths, are useful in ornamental applications, insecticidal, air pollution reducer, perfume production etc. The Phoma causes infection to Chrysanthemum which results in serious lesion. The present study reports protection of Chrysanthemum against fungal infection. The morphology of Phoma chrysanthemicola was studied in PDA, CZA and MEA medium. The pathogenicity of fungus was examined on different variety of chrysanthemum plants. The control of P. chrysanthemicola was contemplated by utilizing some commercial available fungicides and extract of medicinal plants. The organism causes root rot and ray blight to Chrysanthemum plants. Chrysanthemum sp. 2 was found more sensitive to pathogen took after by Chrysanthemum sp. 1 and 3. Relationship between diseases severity and incubation period of pathogen with various chrysanthemum plant was found R2 0.95, 0.97 and 0.87 for Chrysanthemum sp. 1, 2 and 3. Carbendazim was recorded more effective on P. chrysanthemicola followed by mancozeb and zineb with P value of 0.065 at 0.05 level. Azadirachta indica extract and plant extract from methanolic solvent were found more effective against P. chrysanthemicola. Now it is presumed that fungal pathogen has strong ability to infect chrysanthemum but chemical and biological alternate can control the chrysanthemum against pathogen.
Art and the Public Sphere: From controversy to opinion formation in the making of contemporary art
Authors: Jordan Mel
Published: October 2017

W. J. T. Mitchell first coupled the terms ‘Art’ and the ‘Public Sphere’ in 1992 in the title of his edited book Art and the Public Sphere (1992). The volume was based on the one-day symposium Art and Public Spaces: Daring to Dream.1 Mitchell’s conception of Art and the Public Sphere is specifically addressed by his editorial ‘Introduction: Utopia and critique’ and is further developed in his chapter in the same volume, ‘The violence of public art’. Mitchell’s pairing of public sphere theory with public art is based on a semiological account of artworks; thus he places significance on the interpretation of the meanings constructed from artworks and how various speculations on an artwork’s ‘meaning’ generate conversations in the public realm. I argue that this emphasis limits the way in which we consider the production and function of art because it forces a type of ontological engagement with public art that foregrounds the question ‘what is art of?’ rather than ‘what does art do?’. Mitchell’s account can be considered a public sphere insofar as it causes discussion in the public realm; however, I believe that there is more to be gained for art’s social and political significance if we consider how art functions for opinion formation. I propose that art also operates towards the construction of culture and society rather than simply reflecting upon it. And following Georg W. Bertram, I consider Walter Benjamin’s formation of ‘critical practice’, which proposes that critique is essentially a change of practice as opposed to a negation of society.
Zepo and the films about the Spanish Civil War
Authors: Hernández María Lorenzo
Published: October 2017

Although there are many live-action films about the Spanish Civil War and its aftermath, Zepo is the first Spanish animated film that deals with this period. This article will focus on Zepo’s contributions to Spanish cinema on Francoism (1936–75), relating it to some of the main works on this period.
Zepo: Frames of reference in sand animation
Authors: Wells Paul
Published: October 2017

This discussion traces the principle antecedents to Zepo throughout the history of animation, identifying how sand animation pioneers like Ernest and Gisèle Ansorge and Caroline Leaf defined the core vocabulary of the technique, and created visual motifs that have been further developed and refined in Meléndez’s work.
On fairy tales and the materiality of sand
Authors: Bohlinger Vincent
Published: October 2017

This article explores the fairy-tale influences of Zepo that make it similar to two other Spanish Civil War films, Pan’s Labyrinth and The Spirit of the Beehive. The medium of sand animation is also considered in terms of its aesthetic and thematic contributions to the film.
O DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL E ALGUMAS CONSIDERAÇõES CRÍTICAS AO MODELO ECONÔMICO CAPITALISTA
Authors: Wandscheer Clarissa Bueno , Venturi Thaís G. Pascoaloto
Published: October 2017

O artigo investiga os desafios do desenvolvimento sustentável a partir de uma análise crítica do modelo econômico capitalista e do papel do Estado na sociedade contemporânea. Com base em ampla pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, o texto intenta avaliar em que sentido a teoria do decrescimento econômico revela-se eficiente para viabilizar maior de tutela da integridade dos direitos, permitindo a inauguração de um novo modelo que valorize a manutenção da vida dentro de parâmetros ambientalmente sustentáveis para o futuro do homem e do planeta.
“Los indios estaban cabreros”. Historia, sociedad y políticas de la historia en los cambios del relato escolar sobre la conquista de América
Authors: De Amézola Gonzalo
Published: October 2017

Este trabajo se propone describir el drástico cambio de sentido en el relato de la conquista de América registrado en las últimas dos décadas, que pasó de un tradicional hispanismo acrítico -predominante desde  principios del siglo XX hasta los inicios de la década del 90 de esa misma centuria- a una interpretación fuertemente indigenista e igualmente ingenua en los últimos veinte años. Esta inversión de la interpretación se explica en buena medida por las innovaciones en la enseñanza de la Historia impulsadas por las reformas educativas promovidas por la Ley Federal de Educación (1993) y la Ley de Educación Nacional (2006) pero se relaciona también con transformaciones producidas en la sociedad y en la dimensión política e ideológica que hicieron posible esa mutación en la percepción del problema. Asimismo, se intenta de establecer algunas conclusiones sobre los logros y las limitaciones de este  reciente tratamiento escolar de la conquista. En el desarrollo del trabajo se emplearán como fuentes la legislación educativa, los nuevos diseños curriculares, otras medidas de política educativa, manuales escolares y encuestas a alumnos secundarios de instituciones públicas y privadas.
Lateral violence among nurses at a Jamaican hospital : a mixed methods study
Authors: Morrison Small Marilyn , Lindo Jascinth , Aiken Joyette , Chin Claudette
Published: October 2017

Purpose: In many first-world settings, lateral violence among nurses is pervasive and has been associated with deleterious psychological effects, high staff turnover and negative patient outcomes. This study explored lateral violence among nurses at a Jamaican hospital.Methods: A fixed concurrent QUAN= QUAL mixed method study design was employed. Data were gathered from 114 registered nurses using the 38-item Briles’ Sabotage Savvy self-administered questionnaire and two focus group discussions.Results: Exposure to lateral violence was reported by 96% of participants, and 3/4 rated the exposure as moderate to severe. Nurse Managers were the main perpetrators of lateral violence (63%). Lateral violence created a hostile environment, and half of the nurses surveyed indicated an intent to resign. These survey findings were supported by the focus group discussions which yielded themes inclusive of professional disengagement and erosion of team work.Conclusion: The high levels of lateral violence reported in this study indicates an urgent need for the implementation of appropriate workplace violence policies. Reported threats to the healthcare system included poor staff retention and professional disengagement.Highlights:Lateral violence among nurses is one of the most damaging issues affecting the progress of the nursing profession and is well studied in the developed world.The attributes of the phenomenon of lateral violence in a low and middle-income country are described in this paper.Exposure to lateral violence was reported by 96% of participants, forms of lateral violence appeared to be mainly verbal or emotional and nurse managers were the major perpetrators.Assimilated behavior in response to lateral violence among the nurses included professional disengagement, retaliation, avoidance and intent to resign.The pervasiveness of lateral violence among the nurses studied indicates the need to implement appropriate workplace violence policies.
STUDI KITAB ‘ILM ṬABAQĀT AL MUḤADDITSĪN KARYA AS’AD SĀLIM TAYYIM
Authors: Monady Hanief
Published: October 2017

Hadith sciences has many branches of subject, including rijāl al-ḥadīts, al-jarḥ wa al-ta’dīl, al-nāsikh wa al-mansūkh, and much more. An attempt to explain these branches of Hadith sciences needs to be continued. One of the representative work in this field is the book entitled ‘Ilm al-Ṭabaqāt al-Muḥadditsīn, written by As’ad Salim Tayyim. This book discusses one of the of ‘Ulūm al-Ḥadīth branches, namely’ ‘Ilm al-Ṭabaqāt. In this book, As’ad Salim Tayyim gives maximum effort in explaining this branch by way of brief, concise, and clear. This article tries to explain the detailed parts of the book. It facilitates the reader in understanding the contents of the book and also gives some information about one of ‘Ulūm al-Ḥadīth discourse.
Gut leben auf Kosten anderer: Unsere imperiale Lebensweise und die Folgen
Authors: Sommer Bernd
Published: October 2017

Der Wohlstand in den Industrienationen beruht auf der weltweiten Ausbeutung von Mensch und Natur. Dieses System wird zunehmend instabil, wie menschengemachter Klimawandel, Finanzkrisen und Biodiversitätsverlust zeigen.
Perception of Climate Change and the Energy Transition: Results from a European Survey
Authors: Arnold Annika , Steentjes Katharine
Published: October 2017

To achieve national and European climate targets, political leaders will need to feel confident that their citizens generally support efforts to drastically reduce CO2 emissions. An in-depth research project, called European Perceptions of Climate Change (funded within
the Social-Ecological Research program), provides insights into public support for climate change related policies across four European countries. The project team identified a widespread support for the Paris climate agreement and for renewable energy solutions, which suggests that
there might be an opportunity for climate movements to gain momentum.
Energiewende vor Ort ‐ Wissenschaft sucht Praxis: Erfahrungen aus dem Energielabor Tübingen
Authors: Tischler Jeannine , Quénéhervé Geraldine , Hochschild Volker
Published: October 2017

Das Reallabor Energielabor Tübingen möchte die lokale Energiewende vorantreiben. Dazu hat das Energielaborteam im co-design mit Bürger(inne)n und Akteuren Projekte entwickelt, die helfen sollen, Energie zu sparen oder effizienter zu nutzen. Aus der transdisziplinären
Zusammenarbeit ergeben sich neue Forschungsfragen und Empfehlungen für die Reallaborforschung.
Monitoring und Evaluation der Agenda 2030: Reflexionen zum ersten saguf-Gespräch
Authors: Kläy Andreas , Bader Christoph , Bornemann Basil , Carabias Vicente , Wäger Patrick
Published: October 2017

Der transformative Charakter der Agenda 2030 erfordert neue Nachhaltigkeitspolitiken. Dafür müssen die nationalen Ziele auf die Vorgaben der Agenda abgestimmt und Maßnahmen zur Zielerreichung eingeleitet werden. Wie man den Erfolg dieser Strategien bestimmen
und kommunizieren und somit gesellschaftliche Transformationsprozesse ermöglichen kann, war Thema des ersten saguf-Gesprächs.
Philosophische Positionen zur Nachhaltigkeitsforschung: Schnittstellen, Unterschiede und offene Fragen
Authors: Tretter Felix , Simon Karl-Heinz
Published: October 2017

Bei der Jahrestagung 2017 der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Humanökologie wurden Grundfragen der Philosophie und Wissenschaftstheorie und -praxis vor dem Hintergrund der Sustainable Development Goals erörtert.
Soziale Innovation: Verheißung oder Verführung?
Authors: Jaeger-Erben Melanie , John René , Rückert-John Jana
Published: October 2017

Reaktion auf J. Howaldt und M. Schwarz in GAIA 26/3 (2017): Die Mechanismen transformativen Wandels erfassen. Plädoyer für ein praxistheoretisches Konzept sozialer Innovationen
Iconology, visual culture and media aesthetics
Authors: Mitchell William John Thomas
Published: October 2017

The article contains fragments of three chapters form the book Image Science. Iconology, Visual Culture and Media Aesthetics (Chicago 2015), titled The are no Visual Media , Back to the Drawing Board  and Foundational Sites and Occupied Spaces . W. J. T. Mitchell created in his previous works the key concepts which imply an approach to images as true objects of investigation – an “image science”. Author, continuing with his influential line of thoughts, amplifies interdisciplinary studies of visual media. The chapters also delve into such topics as conections between new media and architecture or the occupation of space in contemporary popular uprisings. Image science  is a call for a method of studying images that overcomes the “two-culture split” between the natural and human sciences.
Coincidence of Numerical Abbreviations in the Western Paulines
Authors: Cole Zachary J.
Published: October 2017

This study tests the possibility that the presence of numerical shorthand in a literary manuscript can hold genealogical significance. The number-writing techniques of a family of New Testament manuscripts are compared, concentrating on coincidental usage of alphabetic numerals in specific passages. It is shown that some - though not all - scribes mimicked the distinctive number-styles of their Vorlage(n), which suggests that in certain cases such abbreviations can function as visual indications of a manuscript’s genealogy.
A Quarrel at the Beer Shop of Little Memphis and a Murder
Authors: Baetens Gert , Clarysse Willy
Published: October 2017

Petition by an Egyptian woman to the king concerning an argument at the beer shop in the Arsinoite village of Memphis (recto); fragmentary report about a murder case (verso).
Einige Überlegungen zum Wort mÈDr „Ohr = Henkel“ im demotischen P.Berlin 6848, 1/21
Authors: Bojowald Stefan
Published: October 2017

This contribution deals with a new analysis of a passage in the Demotic P. Berlin 6848. The focus is on the metaphorical meaning „handle“ for the word „ear“, which has already been assumed by the papyrus’ editors. The likelihood of this interpretation is increased here by examples in the Akkadian, Aramaic and Arabic languages, in which the same association can be found.
P.Oxy. 2174 fr. 5: an Odyssey for Hipponax?
Authors: Prodi Enrico Emanuele
Published: October 2017

This article re-examines P.Oxy. 2174 fr. 5 (Hipponax fr. 74 West = Degani), offers an improved transcription of its text, and questions its relevance to the other fragments of the papyrus, suggesting instead that it may belong to a papyrus of the Odyssey.
Arsinoa-Anagram in Callimachus’ Ektheosis Arsinoes
Authors: Danielewicz Jerzy
Published: October 2017

In the text of the Ektheosis Arsinoes, as we have it, the name of the title character does not appear at all. Although it may be the result of the poem’s fragmentary state of preservation, it seems to be consistent with Callimachus’s stylistic preferences. This article suggests that the missing name ARSINOA can be detected in an anagram hidden in the first half of line 46.
Ἀσπάζομαι Εὐπρέπειαν καὶ πάντας
Authors: Laudenbach Benoît
Published: October 2017

This article is an edition of a 5th century Greek private letter on papyrus, from a Christian context, sent from Alexandria. Written by a son to his mother through another person, the letter is typical of Christian Greek epistolography (Christian turns of phrase, judicial proceedings, food purchase, condolences, formulae valetudinis). It also mentions the St-John’s martyrium of Alexandria.
Five Private Letters on Papyrus in the British Library
Authors: Zellmann-Rohrer Michael W.
Published: October 2017

A first edition of five private letters on family and business matters, dating between the second and seventh centuries CE. Of particular note are mentions of the management of ousiac land (text no. 2), a petition before the dux in connection with misappropriation of barley imported to an oasis (no. 4) and, possibly, an imperial visit to Egypt (no. 3).
The Impact of Fiscal Transparency on Corruption: An Empirical Analysis Based on Longitudinal Data
Authors: De Simone Elina , Gaeta Giuseppe Lucio , Mourão Paulo Reis
Published: October 2017

Fiscal transparency is considered an essential feature of public financial management and is supposed to provide beneficial governance effects such as reducing corruption. This paper adds to recent empirical literature that specifically investigates the impact of fiscal information disclosure on corruption. Country-level evidence provided by previous studies is exclusively based on cross-sectional econometric analyses, while the present contribution relies on a wide-ranging, country-level dataset of 116 countries that cover a ten-year time span (2003–2012), and on dynamic panel data estimates. These innovations in terms of data and methods provide new, robust empirical support to the claim that fiscal transparency is negatively correlated with corruption.
In situ observations of Akashiwo sanguinea (Dinophyceae) displaying life cycle stages during blooms in a subtropical estuary
Authors: Badylak Susan , Phlips Edward J. , Mathews Ashley Loren , Kelley Karen
Published: October 2017

This study reports on the harmful algal bloom (HAB) dinoflagellate
PARP-1 and PARP-2 activity in cancer-induced cachexia: potential therapeutic implications
Authors: Barreiro Esther , Gea Joaquim
Published: October 2017

Skeletal muscle dysfunction and mass loss is a characteristic feature in patients with chronic diseases including cancer and acute conditions such as critical illness. Maintenance of an adequate muscle mass is crucial for the patients’ prognosis irrespective of the underlying condition. Moreover, aging-related sarcopenia may further aggravate the muscle wasting process associated with chronic diseases and cancer. Poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activation has been demonstrated to contribute to the pathophysiology of muscle mass loss and dysfunction in animal models of cancer-induced cachexia. Genetic inhibition of PARP activity attenuated the deleterious effects seen on depleted muscles in mouse models of oncologic cachexia. In the present minireview the mechanisms whereby PARP activity inhibition may improve muscle mass and performance in models of cancer-induced cachexia are discussed. Specifically, the beneficial effects of inhibition of PARP activity on attenuation of increased oxidative stress, protein catabolism, poor muscle anabolism and mitochondrial content and epigenetic modulation of muscle phenotype are reviewed in this article. Finally, the potential therapeutic strategies of pharmacological PARP activity inhibition for the treatment of cancer-induced cachexia are also being described in this review.