bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Community of ldea and Fate: Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia. - Rec.: Butkus Zenonas. Baltijos valstybių vienybės idėja ir praktika. 1918-1940 metai. Lietuvos užsienio politikos dokumentai. 1918-1940 metai. Vilnius: LII leidykla, 2008
Authors: Kasparavičius Algimantas
Published: September 2024

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Another Answer to the Classical Question of Historiography: Why was the Republic of the Two Nations late compared to Westem Europe? (On Darius Žiemelis's Doctoral Dissertation )
Authors: Čelkis Tomas
Published: September 2024

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Worth of three doctor's degrees (On Bernardas Gailius "The Guerrilla War of 1944-1953 in the Historical, Political and Legal Culture of Contemporary Lithuania")
Authors: Kaminskaitė-Jančiorienė Lina
Published: September 2024

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Dissertation on Soviet History about The Present Lithuanian Society (On Valdemaras Klumbys „Behavioural models of Soviet Lithuania's cultural elite")
Authors: Bukaitė Vilma
Published: September 2024

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Dana Marija Čepaitytė-Miežanec (1947 10 25 - 2010 01 07)
Authors: Jegelevičius Sigitas
Published: September 2024

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New Testament Metaphors of Sea and Fire in “Pyramid” by L. M. Leonov
Authors: Dyrdin Alexander
Published: September 2024

The article is devoted to the study of the Gospel metaphor in L. M. Leonov’s novel “The Pyramid” (1940–1994). The theme of associative and symbolic nature, religious, mysterial, and metaphorical context of the writer’s works is at the initial stage of research. The study material comprised the sea and fire metaphors, as well as other metaphorical images taken from the three synoptic Gospels of the Russian Synodal Bible, as well as the Revelation of John the Theologian with their abundance, miracles, visions and prophecies. Certain features of metaphorization in the “Pyramid” related to the philosophical and artistic essence of Leonov’s creative persona, ontologically sharpened vision of man and the world are studied. The proposed observations are of a preliminary and fragmentary nature. The task of the work is to reveal the metaphors that have become the most important element of Leonov’s artistic thinking and style. The methodology of the article is integrated with the Christian tradition of interpretation of the Old and New Testaments, patristic hermeneutics, and modern ideas about metaphor. The author uses cognitive and linguistic tools, as well as the modern studies of metaphor, to comment on the metaphorical images of the Gospel. The unity of the writer’s spiritual and aesthetic experience is revealed in the suprastructural figurative system generated by the craving for symbolization of events and characters. The metaphoric images of the novel serves as a bridge between the content of the Gospel canon and the author’s artistic logic, materialized in a chain of transformed biblical allegories, parables, and prophecies. In the text of the novel, they are replaced by metaphorical idioms that have a syncretical synthesized integrity. Leonov’s accretion metaphors form a new metaphorical field. Without losing their original spiritual and moral semantics, they become self-sufficient. Leonov’s philosophical and aesthetic intuition, which integrates different levels of reality and generates additional meanings. We can talk about the combination of metaphors, the double metaphor, the mixed, non-contradictory metaphor that unfolds in the novel and forms the basis of the narrative system. The result of the semantic explication of the direct Gospel metaphor was the assimilation of the meanings given by the Gospel text. With the help of extended metaphors and paraphrases, Leonov signifies the key ideas of the Pyramid. The main one is the tragic shifts in national destiny caused by the apostasy from Orthodoxy, from the foundations of Russian cultural identity. The metaphors considered in the article are graphically highlighted in the text of the “Pyramid.” Graphic accents in phrase metaphors are essential for the reader’s perception of the work. Metamorphic image archetypes of the Way, the Ship, and the Truth highlight the ideological and philosophical depths of Leonov’s last work.
The 50th Psalm in I. S. Shmelev’s Short Story “Why Did It Happened”
Authors: Kaskina Yuliya
Published: September 2024

The article examines the story of I. S. Shmelev “Why it happened,” in which the writer reveals the deep causes of the Russian revolution, which was an extraordinary disaster for Russia, and indicates possible ways out of the crisis. Artistically, it is a multifaceted and rich text with literary allusions, quotations and reminiscences. The article shows that already in the choice of books for reading, Shmelev’s “rootedness” in the “Christian tradition” is manifested (I. A. Yesaulov). It is important that it was the Psalter that was included in the author’s reading circle at that difficult time. Starting from the poem A. S. Pushkin’s “Memory,” which is read by the hero of the story, as well as from the evaluation of this poem by V. V. Rozanov (in particular, from his indication of the connection of Pushkin’s poem with the 50th psalm), the author of the article revealed new meaningful parallels. The coincidence of the interpretation of the 50th psalm with the main idea of the text of Shmelev in the article is considered for the first time. Plot and ideologically, the story also goes back to the novel by F. M. Dostoevsky “The Brothers Karamazov.” The article focuses on the work of M. M. Bakhtin on Dostoevsky’s poetics (exploring genre and plot-compositional features of the writer’s works, Bakhtin emphasized the dialogic genre of “menippov satire,” or “menippea”) and it is shown that genre features inherent in menippea are present in Shmelev’s story. Russian Russian concepts such as conscience, transgression, and repentance are considered, reflecting the uniqueness of Russian culture and included in the cultural code of the Russian language and literature, which corresponds to the ideas of ethnopoetics. It is concluded that the biblical interpretations of the psalm mentioned in the story correlate with the penitential content of the story
Nirsevimab and Acute Bronchiolitis Episodes in Pediatric Emergency Departments
Authors: Andina Martínez David , Claret Teruel Gemma , Gijón Mediavilla Manuel , Cámara Otegui Amaia , Baños López Laura , de Miguel Lavisier Begoña , Ferrero García-Loygorri Clara , Sánchez Tatay Victoria , Pavlovic Nesic Svetlana , Clerigué Arrieta Nuria , Gimeno-Hernández Garza Verónica , Guerra Diez Jose Lorenzo , Ranera Málaga Adrián , Escalada Pellitero Silvia , Barrueco Ramos Clara , Alonso-Cadenas Jose Antonio ,   Impact of universal Respiratory Syncytial Virus prophylaxis in Spain Working Group
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

In the 2023–2024 respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) season, Spain became one of the first countries to introduce universal RSV prophylaxis, during which all infants born at this time were eligible to receive nirsevimab. Locally, most Spanish regions also immunized infants younger than age 6 months at the start of the season (extended catch-up). The aim of this study was to assess how RSV prophylaxis affected the number of infants presenting to pediatric emergency departments with acute respiratory infections.

METHODS

A retrospective study was conducted in 15 Spanish pediatric emergency departments from 9 different regions between the 2018 and 2024 epidemic seasons (November–January). We compared the seasons occurring in 2018–2023 and the 2023–2024 season regarding the number of episodes of lower respiratory tract infection and acute bronchiolitis, acute bronchiolitis-related hospital admissions, and PICU admissions.

RESULTS

A comparison with the average rates for the previous epidemic seasons revealed a 57.7% decrease in episodes of lower respiratory tract infection in 2023–2024 (95% CI, 56.5–58.8; P < .001; range among hospitals, 4.8–82.8), a 59.2% decrease in episodes of acute bronchiolitis (95% CI, 57.9–60.4; P < .001; range, 6.9–84.1), a 63.1% reduction in acute bronchiolitis-related hospital admissions (95% CI, 60.9–65.2; P < .001; range, 31.4–86.8), and a 63.1% reduction in PICU admissions (95% CI, 58.1–67.9; P < .001; range, 18.2–81.8). Hospitals in regions applying extended catch-up showed better results.

CONCLUSIONS

Nirsevimab can protect a broad infant population against RSV infection with high effectiveness. Approaches including extended catch-up are the most effective, although cost- effectiveness must be considered.
Effects of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Cardiac Function, Exercise Capacity and Quality of Life
Authors: Shchendrygina Anastasia , Rakisheva Amina , Giverts Ilya , Rustamova Yasmin , Soloveva Anzhela
Published: September 2024

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (RAs) are emerging glucose-lowering agents primarily used in managing diabetes and obesity. Recently, GLP-1 RAs have garnered attention for their cardiovascular benefits beyond glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes, exhibiting patterns previously seen in cardiovascular outcomes trials on sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors, which now receive a high level of recommendation for the treatment of heart failure (HF). GLP-1 RAs have been increasingly investigated in HF cohorts, but mainly in small-scale studies reporting inconclusive findings regarding clinical outcomes and different safety profiles in HF patients with reduced and preserved ejection fractions. This review discusses the effects of GLP-1 RAs on surrogate HF outcomes, such as cardiac structure and function, exercise capacity and quality of life, in HF patients across the spectrum of left ventricular ejection fraction, to provide insights into the potential of these agents to be investigated in large clinical trials to evaluate clinical outcomes.
Além de arborescências
Authors: De Melo Teixeira Monteiro Mary , Moura Queiroz Simone
Published: September 2024

Pautado na Filosofia da Diferença e referenciado principalmente em Deleuze (1990), Deleuze e Guattari (1995), Foucault (1995,1996) e Rolnik (1987, 1993, 2006, 2011), este artigo apresenta investigação acerca de movimentos que compõem o cotidiano de alguns estudantes de uma escola pública de Ensino Médio Integral do estado de Pernambuco. Move-se esta pesquisa pela importância de tornar visíveis e enunciáveis territórios que nos constituem e, por conseguinte, interfererem na aprendizagem, especificamente em matemática. Lançamos mão da cartografia como pesquisa processual e interventiva, pois, à medida que vai-se fazendo, afetos são (re)visitados e territórios vão-se compondo para eles. Como procedimentos da cartografia, utilizamos depoimentos de 7 estudantes de 1º ano do Ensino Médio Integral. Dentre esses, uma estudante foi cartografada através de mapa narrativo, combinando desenho e narrativa. As marcas encontradas em dado momento foram: carência, discurso relacionado ao fracasso escolar sobretudo em matemática, responsabilização, desterritorialização, doenças físicas e psicossomáticas, delinquência familiar, rotas de fuga e de desejos. Essas marcas nos levaram a entender que, além de uma escola arborescente, linear e ordenada, temos inúmeras variáveis, imprevisíveis, incontroláveis, muitas vezes invisíveis e não enunciáveis. São marcas que atravessam diferentemente os sujeitos escolares, em sua singularidade e multiplicidade e, consequentemente, atravessam a aprendizagem, a matemática e a escola.
Articulação entre avaliação, formação e aprendizagem escolar
Authors: Da Silva Araujo Suelia , Ladeira de Moura Andrade Elisângela , Miranda Franco Mariano Sangelita
Published: September 2024

O presente artigo configura recorte e adaptação de uma pesquisa de mestrado e visa trazer uma reflexão sobre avaliação, mais especificamente sobre o exame simulado, articulando o tema à teoria histórico-cultural de Vygotsky e à aprendizagem significativa segundo Ausubel. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica sobre avaliação, ancorada em Ciavatta (2012), Fernandes (2009), Freitas (2003), Freitas et al. (2014), Hoffmann (2011, 2018), Luckesi (2011, 2018), Perrenoud (1999), Villas Boas (2009); e sobre as teorias mencionadas, ancorada em Vygotsky (2014) e Moreira (2011, 2017) – este, com suas investigações sobre a teoria de Ausubel, a qual, junto da teoria de Vygotsky, contribui substancialmente para as práticas de avaliação escolar. A investigação conclui que a avaliação escolar não pode ser tratada como um processo isolado ou independente. Ela relaciona-se com os conhecimentos adquiridos, formal e informalmente, e busca ampliar o aprendizado dos estudantes, sendo necessário levar em consideração os resultados para o real diagnóstico e a consequente intervenção no processo educativo.
Dificuldades e transtornos de aprendizagem em Matemática
Authors: Machado de Lara Isabel Cristina
Published: September 2024

Este artigo, de natureza teórica, aborda dificuldades e transtornos de aprendizagem em Matemática. Tem como objetivo apresentar subsídios que possibilitem diferenciar dificuldades de transtornos, compreender algumas características dos transtornos de aprendizagem em Matemática, acalculia e discalculia do desenvolvimento (DD) e sua categorização, considerações acerca do funcionamento do cérebro, das habilidades matemáticas e dos critérios para o diagnóstico da DD. Teoricamente, alicerça-se nos estudos de Cohn, Kosc, Rubinsten e Henik, Kaufmann e Von Aster, Haase, Santos, Lara, entre outros, bem como em manuais nacionais e internacionais: Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais (DSM-5-TR) e Classificação Estatística Internacional de Doenças e Problemas Relacionados à Saúde (CID-11). Para tanto, apresenta as perspectivas de diferentes autores, reconhecidos nacional e internacionalmente, acerca da definição, das categorizações e das características desses transtornos, possibilitando, assim, a diferenciação entre eles. Traz à tona equívocos em relação à utilização de diferentes termos para designar as dificuldades e os transtornos de aprendizagem e descreve critérios que indicam caminhos para um diagnóstico completo e seguro da DD.
Software for the Precast and Prestressed Concrete Industry
Authors: Cleland Ned , Campbell John , Cotton Doyle , Eriksson Roy , Gosnell Gary , Lowe Paul , Nagle Gordon , Perry Edward , Tanner John , Zeiler Jack
Published: September 2024

The PCI Computer Software Committee surveyed the currently available [in 1988] computer software that supports the precast prestressed concrete industry.
Escherichia coli from healthy farm animals: Antimicrobial resistance, resistance genes and mobile genetic elements
Authors: Mihailovskaya Veronika S. , Starčič Erjavec Marjanca , Kuznetsova Marina V.
Published: September 2024

The use of antibiotics in agriculture and subsequent environmental pollution are associated with the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria including Escherichia coli. The aim of this study was to detect antimicrobial resistance, resistance genes and mobile genetic elements of 72 E. coli strains isolated from faeces of healthy farm animals. Disk diffusion test showed resistance to ampicillin (59.7%), tetracycline (48.6%), chloramphenicol (16.7%), cefoperazone and ceftriaxone (13.9%), cefepime and aztreonam (12.5%), norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin (8.3%), levofloxacin (6.9%), gentamicin and amikacin (2.8%) among the studied strains. Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were detected by polymerase chain reaction: the prevalence of blaTEM was the highest (59.7% of all strains), followed by tetA (30.6%), blaCTX-M (11.1%), catA1 (9.7%), less than 5% strains contained blaSHV, cmlA, floR, qnrB, qnrS, tetM. 26.4% of E. coli strains had a MDR phenotype. MDR E. coli more often contained class 1 integrons, bacteriophages, conjugative F-like plasmids, than non-MDR strains. ARGs were successfully transferred from faecal E. coli strains into the E. coli Nissle 1917 N4i strain by conjugation. Conjugation frequencies varied from (1.0 ± 0.1) * 10−5 to (7.9 ± 2.6) * 10−4 per recipient. Monitoring mobile genetic elements of E. coli for antibiotic resistance is important for farm animal health, as well as for public health and food safety.
Development of lock-free approach for shared memory organisation in real-time multi-threading applications
Authors: Syrotiuk Oleksandr
Published: September 2024

The development vector of modern central processing units, which increasingly involves using a more significant number of cores and prioritizing parallelism over the high power of a single computational unit, presents new challenges for the existing software design. This work investigates and addresses the problem of access to shared memory in multithreaded environments, such as operating systems, interactive distributed computing systems, and high-performance simulation systems. Thus, the object of study is a non-blocking approach to organizing access to memory and performing basic operations with it through non-blocking synchronization.
The research methods include developing an approach to organizing access to shared memory using the double-word compare-and-swap algorithm, followed by a theoretical and practical comparison of the resulting outcome with the standard blocking access algorithm to shared memory for different configurations of the number of threads and the number of simultaneous memory access attempts. Additionally, testing was conducted within the framework of an unnamed closed-source project by integrating the solution into it, followed by A/B testing.
The results showed that using non-blocking approaches is advisable, especially in comparison with locking approaches, which demonstrated a performance degradation relative to the standard allocation algorithm by more than 300 %, while non-blocking approaches provided an improvement of 40–90 %. It was also found that using hybrid approaches to the organization of shared memory systems at the software level can lead to more stable results and mitigate application performance degradation compared to classical approaches such as buddy algorithms or free lists.
Despite the results obtained, the author remains cautious about the idea of memory management and pool organization at the software level and does not recommend using specialized allocation algorithms without an urgent need to speed up memory allocation itself. The purpose of these structures is still not to improve software performance directly but to enhance and speed up access to the data stored in them.
Construcción cognitiva del conjunto solución de un sistema de inecuaciones lineales en dos variables
Authors: Munoz Orozco Adrian , Martínez-Sierra Gustavo
Published: September 2024

[Objetivo] El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar las estructuras y mecanismos mentales empleados por un grupo de estudiantes para comprender el conjunto solución de un sistema de inecuaciones lineales en dos variables (CSSIL). Los fundamentos teóricos utilizados son la teoría APOE articulada con el concepto de Conexión Cartesiana. [Metodología] Este estudio es de tipo cualitativo. Para el diseño del instrumento, elaboramos una descomposición genética preliminar (DGP) y a partir de ella diseñamos tres tareas. Para la recolección de datos, aplicamos estas tareas a un grupo de 19 estudiantes (entre 19 y 22 años). Posteriormente, seleccionamos a los tres participantes que proporcionaron las respuestas más detalladas para realizar una entrevista semiestructurada. [Resultados] Los resultados mostraron que los participantes construyeron el Objeto del CSSIL coordinando el Proceso de conjunto solución de la inecuación lineal en dos variables (CSIL) con el Proceso de intersección de conjuntos. Observamos que los participantes asociaban el CSSIL con un polígono y no consideraban que fuera un conjunto vacío, convexo o acotado. [Conclusiones] Concluimos que aquellos participantes que construyeron la estructura de acción o un proceso de CSIL mostraron el mismo tipo de estructura en relación al CSSIL. Sugerimos nuevas investigaciones que profundicen en los mecanismos y estructuras mentales descritas en este estudio, así como en el diseño de propuestas de enseñanza que contribuyan a la mejora del aprendizaje del CSSIL.
MULTI-SCALE EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS ON THE DETERIORATION MECHANISM OF SANDSTONE AFTER HIGH-TEMPERATURE TREATMENT
Authors: Zhang Na , Ren Yuxin , Song Yu , Zhang Piaopiao , Zhang Ziyun , Wang Shuaidong
Published: September 2024

An important factor influencing engineering stability in deep engineering is temperature. To investigate the impact of high temperatures on sandstone, this study utilized experimental samples of sandstone sourced from Shaanxi, China. The sandstone samples underwent various temperature gradients (25°C, 100°C, 300°C, 500°C, and 700°C) for uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) testing, acoustic emission (AE) monitoring, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. The resulting mechanical parameters and pore diameter distributions of the sandstone under different temperatures were compared and analyzed. The findings revealed that both the peak strain and peak stress of sandstone samples increased significantly with rising heating temperatures. Moreover, the degradation of elastic modulus and peak stress was more pronounced at higher temperatures. The brittle-ductile transition occurred approximately between 500°C and 700°C. Between 25°C and 500°C, the peak AE energy coincided with the peak strength of the sandstone. The ringing counts of the sandstone specimens reached a maximum after the peak stress at 700°C, with the peak AE energy gradually decreasing at higher heating temperatures. The T2 spectrum curve and pore size curve of the sandstone expanded and gradually shifted to the right with increasing treatment temperature, accompanied by a gradual increase in the area of the T2 spectrum and porosity. A negative correlation was observed between porosity and the total area of the T2 spectrum, peak stress, and elastic modulus of sandstone under high temperatures. Micropores exhibited a monotonically decreasing trend with increasing temperature, while mesopores initially decreased, then increased, and finally decreased, and macropores-cracks enlarged the most.
Addysgu llenyddiaethau mewn ysgolion uwchradd yng Nghymru: amrywiaeth mewn Cymraeg, Saesneg ac Ieithoedd Rhyngwladol
Authors: Olive Sarah , Maelor Gwawr , Davies Mary
Published: September 2024

Mae’r erthygl hon yn rhannu canfyddiadau ar ba lenyddiaethau a addysgir mewn ysgolion uwchradd yng Nghymru, a pham, o arolwg o bedwar deg saith o athrawon ledled Cymru yn 2022. Roedd ein cyfranogwyr yn addysgu llenyddiaethau ym mhynciau Cymraeg, Saesneg, drama, Ffrangeg a Sbaeneg. Mae hyn yn cynrychioli agwedd drawsddisgybl aethol a lluosieithog at lenyddiaethau mewn ysgolion yng Nghymru sy’n gwahaniaethu’r ymchwil hon o blith astudiaethau blaenorol. Mae’r ymchwil yn ymwneud yn agos ag amrywiaeth ethnig a rhywedd awduron o ran cyflawni amcanion Llywodraeth Cymru ar gyfer addysg a chymdeithas. Mae’r canlyniadau’n dangos bod menywod yn parhau i gael eu tangynrychioli fel awduron barddoniaeth a dramâu, a nofelau i raddau ychydig llai. Mae’r gynrychiolaeth ychydig yn well mewn astudiaethau llenyddol Cymraeg na rhai Saesneg. Dim ond llond llaw o Awduron o Liw a addysgwyd: mae’r rheiny ymhlith y testunau Saesneg a Ffrangeg yn unig. Ni addysgwyd unrhyw destunau Cymraeg gan Awduron Lliw. Mae ein trafodaeth yn rhoi cyd-destun i’r diffyg amrywiaeth cyffredinol wrth addysgu llenyddiaethau yng Nghymru – sy’n peryglu uchelgeisiau Llywodraeth Cymru i sicrhau Cymru Wrth-hiliol 2030 ac addysgu hanes a phrofiadau BAME – drwy gymariaethau ag ymchwil ryngwladol. Mae’n cloi drwy amlinellu argymhellion i’r llywodraeth, i gyhoeddwyr, i ysgolion ac i athrawon o ran hyfforddiant, adnoddau a chynllun y cwricwlwm, yn ogystal â meysydd ar gyfer ymchwil yn y dyfodol.
State control mechanisms as means of improving the quality of public services of local self-government bodies
Authors:   Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute, Kruhlov Vitalii , Volkova Nataliia ,   Dnipro Academy of Continuing Education of Dnipropetrovsk Regional Council, Krasnykov Yevgen ,   Ministry of Defense of Ukraine, Alieksieienko Iryna ,   Taras  Shevchenko  National  University  of  Kyiv, Sokhatiuk Larysa ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv,
Published: September 2024

The article deals with the state control mechanisms and their role in improving the quality of public services provided by local self-government bodies. The aim of this article is to identify key state control mechanisms, to optimize opportunities for improving the level of public services of local self-government bodies, and to provide recommendations for improving the system of state control. Different state control mechanisms were studied, including inspections, performance evaluation, financial audit, quality standards, legal oversight, and citizen feedback mechanisms. Contextual analysis, comparison and graphic methods were used as research me-thods. Satisfaction with services in the European Union countries was determined by different areas of public services. The study emphasizes the importance of state control in promoting transparency, accountability, and continuous improvement in local government service delivery. The results of the study demonstrate ways of optimization of state control mechanisms by public authorities to improve the overall quality of public services. Attention is focused on the need for effective state control to increase the level of satisfaction and well-being of citizens at the local level. A model of comprehensive implementation of state control mechanisms over the quality of public services of local self-government bodies was developed.
Internationalization of the Chinese renminbi: progress and outlook
Authors: von Beschwitz Bastian
Published: September 2024

The international role of the Chinese renminbi has received increased attention recently as Chinese authorities push for increased international usage of the renminbi and Western sanctions on Russia potentially increase renminbi attractiveness. Some newspaper article headlines even imply that the renminbi is about to rival the U.S. dollar as the world's dominant international currency.
Monetary Policy in Uncertain Times
Authors: Smith Simon C. , Timmermann Allan , Wright Jonathan H.
Published: September 2024

We investigate the effect of uncertainty surrounding the slope of the Phillips curve on optimal monetary policy. To do this, we first account for parameter uncertainty in a time-invariant Bayesian Phillips curve model. Second, we generalize this model to allow for instabilities in the form of breaks. In both the United States (US) and the European Union (EU), we identify a break around the turn of the century, after which the Phillips curve flattened. Finally, we show how breaks amplify uncertainty in the Phillips curve model, significantly impacting optimal monetary policy. Accounting for breaks causes policymakers to respond more cautiously to deviations in the unemployment rate from its natural rate – as they are less certain about the impact of economic slack on inflation – but to compensate for this increased caution by responding more aggressively to deviations of inflation from its target. Our estimates provide a lower bound for the magnitude of the impact of breaks on the change in responsiveness of optimal monetary policy since they are based on the full sample of data, while policymakers face additional uncertainty as they must continuously determine in real time whether a break has occurred.
Determinants of Recent CRE Distress: Implications for the Banking Sector
Authors: Glancy David , Kurtzman Robert
Published: September 2024

Rising interest rates and structural shifts in the demand for space have strained CRE markets and prompted concern about contagion to the largest CRE debt holder: banks. We use confidential loan-level data on bank CRE portfolios to examine banks' exposure to at-risk CRE loans. We investigate (1) what loan characteristics are associated with delinquency and (2) to what extent the portfolio composition of major CRE lenders determines their exposure to losses. Higher LTVs, larger property sizes, and greater local remote work tendencies are all associated with increased delinquency risk, particularly for office loans. We use several machine learning algorithms to demonstrate that variation in exposure to these risk factors can account for most of the performance disparity across different types of CRE lenders. The headline result is that small banks' comparatively modest delinquency rates mostly reflect observable portfolio characteristics---predominantly their low holdings of large-sized office loans---rather than unobserved factors like extension or modification tendencies.
The Mediator Role of Cognitive Flexibility Levels in the Relationship Between Authenticity Levels and Multicultural Counseling Competence Perceptions of Psychological Counselors
Authors: Akalın Mehmet Buğra , Koç Zehni
Published: September 2024

This study examines the mediating role of cognitive flexibility levels in the relationship between counselors' authenticity levels and their perceptions of multicultural counseling competence. In the study, a relational survey model was employed. The study group consisted of 617 counselors, 493 female and 124 male, living in various cities in Turkey. "Personal Information Form", "Authenticity Scale", "Multicultural Counseling Competencies Scale" and "Cognitive Flexibility Inventory" were used for data collection. Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient was used to analyze the data. As a result of the study, it was determined that there were significant positive correlations between counselors' authenticity levels, cognitive flexibility levels, and their perceptions of multicultural counseling competencies. While the direct effect of authenticity levels on multicultural counseling competence perceptions was insignificant, the total and indirect effects were found to be significant. In this context, it was found that the cognitive flexibility levels of the counselors play a full mediating role in the relationship between their authenticity levels and their perceptions of multicultural counseling competence. The results were discussed and evaluated within the framework of the relevant literature. Finally, based on the findings of the study, suggestions were made for researchers and practitioners.
Problems Encountered in the Counseling Process in the Context of Cultural Sensitivity and Coping Methods: Opinions of School Counselors
Authors: Güngör Karaman Şule , Karadeniz Özbek Selda
Published: September 2024

This study, it is aimed to examine the problems that arise in the context of cultural sensitivity in the counseling process and the methods of coping with these problems based on the views of school counselors. For the data obtained using the interview technique, which is one of the qualitative research methods. The study included a total of 35 participants, with 25 women and 10 men, who had a minimum of three years of professional experience in private and public schools during the 2021-2022 academic year. Interviews were conducted digitally on the Zoom platform using a semi-structured form developed by the researcher. All interviews were subjected to content analysis. According to the results of the data analysis conducted with the Maxqda 2020 program, the participant's perspective on the concept of cultural sensitivity consists of self-awareness, respect, and acceptance of different cultures. The most important cultural challenges reported by the participants were gender and sex, different value judgments, socioeconomic status, and language. Feelings of inadequacy and desperation were reported as the most intensely felt emotions in the face of these challenges. Participants reported using various methods to overcome cultural challenges, such as consulting colleagues gaining knowledge, and making various suggestions to overcome cultural inadequacies. It is thought that the findings obtained in this study will create an important awareness as it is a first in the literature, and it is hoped that it will contribute to policymakers, counselor educators, counselor candidates, and all counseling professionals in this field.
Investigation Of The Relationship Between School Administrators 'Attitudes Towards Reporting Child Sexual Abuse And Self-Efficacy Perceptions
Authors: Özmen Sefa , Sarı Serkan Volkan
Published: September 2024

This study aims to investigate the relationship between school administrators' attitudes towards reporting child sexual abuse and their self-efficacy perceptions. The research, involved a sample of 205 school administrators working at various levels in the Rize province. The research utilized the relational survey model, a quantitative research method. Data collection tools included the Demographic Information Form, the Attitude Scale towards Reporting Child Sexual Abuse, and the School Administrators' Self-Efficacy Perceptions Scale. The findings revealed a positive and moderately significant relationship between school administrators' attitudes towards reporting child sexual abuse and their self-efficacy perceptions. Additionally, the study concluded that self-efficacy perceptions significantly predicted school administrators' attitudes towards reporting child sexual abuse.
A Statutory Analysis of the Role of the Courts in Protecting Financial Consumers' Rights in the Zimbabwean Banking Sector: The Penelope Case in Context
Authors: Chitimira Howard , Torerai Elfas , Tsaura Oscar
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The Zimbabwean banking sector has experienced several tumultuous challenges since 2000. This is owing chiefly to the political and economic challenges the country has experienced. Poorly conceived and ill-timed policies have also wreaked havoc in the Zimbabwean banking sector. Financial consumers have sometimes lost their savings to hyper-inflation or overnight policy changes in Zimbabwe. The change in currencies is a good example of how financial consumers have seen their deposits and savings at banks and other related financial institutions eroded to nothing. In 2018, the Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe (RBZ) issued a directive for all banks to convert all deposits made prior to October 2018 from the United States (US) dollar denomination to the Zimbabwean dollar (bond notes and coins). This was done on an exchange rate of one US dollar as to one Zimbabwean dollar, yet in reality, the local currency had been devalued. The RBZ directive left individuals and corporates reeling from exchange losses. The directive was akin to a heist and many people lost trust and confidence in the Zimbabwean banking sector. While many financial consumers suffered in silence, some decided to take their banks to court, demanding a reimbursement of their deposits in the currency in which they deposited or alternatively, the equivalent of the original deposit using the correct exchange rate. This article examines the role of the courts in upholding the rights of financial consumers in the Zimbabwean banking sector in the light of the Penelope case. It also discusses how the Zimbabwean courts could assist in preserving the sanctity of the bank-client relationship among banks and financial customers. In addition, the article explores the role of the courts in challenging unjust laws that affect financial consumers' investments in banks. The strengths and weaknesses of the Zimbabwean banking regulatory framework are further discussed to assess if it is robust enough to protect financial consumers. The article recommends that the courts should objectively set aside unjust laws in the interest of justice to enable banks and other financial institutions to honour their contractual obligations. Policymakers should not adopt poor policies that infringe upon financial consumers' rights.
Keywords:  Banking sector; consumer protection; financial consumer; deposits; exchange rate; courts.
Media Literacy Skills of Seventh Grade Secondary School Students: The Predictive Power of Communication Skills
Authors: Pala Şenol Mail
Published: September 2024

Today's education systems aim to equip individuals with versatile, applicable skills rather than focusing solely on specific subject knowledge. By emphasizing skills training, individuals can better adapt to evolving global conditions and contribute to a more dynamic and competitive society through ongoing personal development. Reflecting this approach, many countries, including Türkiye, integrate skills training into their curricula. In the Social Studies Curriculum in Türkiye, communication and media literacy skills are among the skills aimed to be acquired by students in the learning area named ‘Individual and Society’ in the seventh grade. This study explores the relationship between these two skills. The research aimed to determine whether seventh-grade students' communication skills could predict their media literacy skills. Using a relational screening model, the study employed the "Communication Skills Assessment Scale" and the "Media Literacy Competence Scale" as data collection tools. Data analysis was performed through correlation and regression analyses. The study sample consisted of 416 seventh-grade students from 10 randomly selected secondary schools in Erzincan province, Türkiye, for the 2022-2023 academic year. The findings revealed significant relationships between communication skills and various sub-dimensions of media literacy. Specifically, communication skills were positively correlated with media literacy sub-dimensions and were identified as significant predictors for all aspects of media literacy.
Total glucosides of paeony inhibit NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD-mediated inflammation and pyroptosis in C3H/HeJ mice with alopecia areata
Authors: Zhang Jingfang , Li Zhiquan , Liu Kunpeng , Du Xueyuan , Yao Tao , Ye Jianzhou
Published: September 2024

One of the most prominent causes of alopecia areata (AA) is chronic inflammation of the hair follicles. Inhibiting cellular pyroptosis, a form of inflammatory programmed cell death, is crucial for reducing follicular inflammation in the skin. Total glucosides of paeony (TGP) possess anti-inflammatory properties across a broad range of illnesses. However, the role of TGP in AA and its relationship to pyroptosis remain unclear. A chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) approach was used to create an AA mouse model. TGP suspension and MCC950 were administered to AA mice via gavage. HE staining, ELISA, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, RT-qPCR, and Western blotting were performed to detect pathological changes in the skin and investigate the levels of inflammatory factors and pyroptosis-related proteins, as well as the potential mechanisms of TGP’s effects. TGP reduced hair loss, increased the number of hair follicles in skin tissues, and decreased inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-18, and IL-1β) in AA mice. MCC950 significantly reduced the levels of NLRP3/caspase-1/Gasdermin D (GSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis-related proteins (NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1 p10, and GSDMD-N), as well as inflammatory factors. TGP markedly inhibited NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD-mediated cellular pyroptosis in a concentration-dependent manner. TGP suppresses the NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD signaling cascade in the skin tissues of AA mice, thereby reducing cellular pyroptosis and inflammation. TGP may be a potential therapeutic agent for AA.
In Vivo Metabolomics v1
Authors: J Sei Yoshitaka , Liao Szu-Chi , Nakamura Ken
Published: September 2024

This protocol describes steps for targeting metabolites with [U-13C]glucose in mice for metabolomics analysis.
Rapid Barcoding Protocol V14 v1
Authors: Shaw Alex , Fitz Shannon
Published: September 2024

Preparation of DNA for sequencing using the Oxford Nanopore Technologies Rapid Barcoding kit
Prototype of Monitoring System for Lithium-Ion Battery Charging and Discharging on UPS Using Atmega 328p
Authors: Riswandi Dedi , Andriana Andriana , Budiawan Irvan
Published: September 2024

An Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS), is required as a backup source of power in a railroad signalling power supply system. The battery is an essential part of a UPS.  The battery functions to provide or supply electrical energy without having to be connected to electricity. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor battery conditions such as state of charge (SOC) to check battery capacity and depth of discharge (DOD) to calculate lost battery capacity. This research made a prototype of a battery monitoring system using IC ATMega328p as a microcontroller that will monitor the condition of the battery. Connecting the battery with the voltage divider circuit, the current sensor ACS712 as a current value reader at the time of charge and discharge. The results of the study showed that for the process of charging a new battery for 2 hours and 30 minutes using a 12 volt DC adapter with a current of 1.5 amperes, the current generated when the battery voltage reaches a maximum of 12,01 volts is 2,824 amperes and SOC 100%. Whereas the old battery filling took 1 hour and 30 minutes with a maximum battery voltage of 12,01 volts, 2,032 amperes, and a SOC of 100%. Whereas when the process is carried out using a battery discharge using a motor load of DC 10 volts, the time required for the discharging of the new battery is 14 hours and 30 minutes, with the current produced when the voltage of the battery reaches the minimum voltage of 8,98 volts, or 2,138 ampers, and DOD 0%.
Analyzing Loss Components in DC Generator for Wind Turbine Applications
Authors: Irawan Elysa Nensy , Shibuya Kai , Giang Nguyen Hong Minh , Sakti Rizky Hamdani
Published: September 2024

Direct current (DC) generators have gained attention for their simplicity and reliability in wind turbine applications. However, DC generators are subject to energy losses, including ohmic, magnetic core, and mechanical losses, which impact system performance. This research investigates these losses in DC generators used in wind turbines through experimental testing. The methodology integrates laboratory experiments with simulations to quantify and understand loss mechanisms. Findings offer insights for optimizing wind turbine efficiency and reliability. Results show significant total power loss of 99%, emphasizing the need for meticulous loss assessments. Friction, copper, and iron loss coefficients are analyzed with the value of 0.217 and 0.709, respectively. However, with the rise in input voltage levels, a noticeable pattern becomes evident, where the significance of iron loss decreases relative to other influencing factors. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for enhancing wind turbine performance and advancing sustainable energy solutions.
Comparison of Naïve Bayes Classifier and Support Vector Machine Methods for Sentiment Classification of Responses to Bullying Cases on Twitter
Authors: Millennianita Firda , Athiyah Ummi , Muhammad Arif Wirawan
Published: September 2024

The rapid dissemination of information related to the K-Pop world, facilitated by social media, has made it easier to follow developments and controversies. One notable case that sparked extensive discussion on Twitter was the bullying allegations against Kim Garam of LE SSERAFIM. Researchers, using Twitter data, sought to analyze Indonesian public sentiment regarding this case through sentiment analysis, which classifies opinions as positive or negative. For processing textual data, text mining methods, particularly classification techniques, are employed. Two popular algorithms in text mining are the Naive Bayes classifier and the support vector machine (SVM). The Naive Bayes classifier is favored for its speed, simplicity, and high accuracy, while the SVM excels at identifying a hyperplane that maximizes the margin between classes. In this study, sentiment classification results were labeled as either positive or negative. The comparison between the Naive Bayes classifier and SVM for classifying responses to Kim Garam's bullying case on Twitter showed high accuracy rates: 93% for Naive Bayes and 97% for SVM. The higher accuracy of the SVM algorithm indicates its superiority over the Naive Bayes classifier in this context.
Concept and Varieties of Illiberalism
Authors: Enyedi Zsolt
Published: September 2024

This article discusses various conceptualizations of illiberalism and adopts a definition that equates the concept with the negation of three liberal democratic principles: limited power, a neutral state, and an open society. The second part of the article explores the implications of this definitional strategy for empirical research, describes the relationship between populism, authoritarianism, and illiberalism, and identifies nine distinct routes to illiberalism: authoritarian, traditionalist, religious, libertarian, nativist-nationalist, populist, paternalist, materialist-technocratic, and left-wing.
Code Refactoring Strategies for DevOps: Improving Software Maintainability and Scalability
Authors: Kothapalli Srinikhita , Manikyala Aditya , Kommineni Hari Priya , Venkata SSMLG Gudimetla Naga , Gade Pavan Kumar , Allam Abhishekar Reddy , Sridharlakshmi Narayana Reddy Bommu , Boinapalli Narasimha Rao , Onteddu Abhishake Reddy , Kundavaram RamMohan Reddy
Published: September 2024

This article, investigates how strategic code refactoring can enhance software quality in a DevOps environment. The objective is to explore and analyze refactoring techniques that improve both software maintainability and scalability. The study finds that effective refactoring practices, such as decomposing monolithic architectures into microservices, optimizing database interactions, and leveraging asynchronous processing, significantly enhance software scalability. Concurrently, refactoring techniques that address code smells, simplify complex structures, and promote modularity are crucial for improving maintainability. Automation of these strategies through tools and Infrastructure as Code (IaC) further supports scalable and efficient software management. The significance of these findings lies in their potential to improve software performance and adaptability in dynamic DevOps environments. Policy implications include the need for organizations to integrate these refactoring practices into their development and deployment processes to sustain high-quality software and effectively manage scaling challenges. Adopting these strategies will support robust, agile development and competitive advantage in the evolving software landscape.
Evaluations of Bone turnover in a sample of Iraqi Postmenopausal Hypertensive Obese Women
Authors: Salman I.N. , Noor U.G.M. , Atta S.E. , Abed B.A. , Hussein H.o.
Published: September 2024

Background: Hypertension and osteoporosis are worldwide diseases with high prevalence; the study was done to estimate the correlation between hypertension and bone turnover in a sample of Iraqi postmenopausal women with hypertension and obesity. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done on 99 hypertensive obese postmenopausal Iraqi women (65 hypertensive obese and 34 normotensive non obese). The serum calcium (Ca), phosphorus (Pi), and alka line phosphatase (ALP) levels were measured as a represen tative of bone markers. Results: The results demonstrated that serum alkaline phosphatase is significantly elevated in the case group compared to the controls. No significant changes were observed in the levels of Ca and Pi in the patient group, while a significant increase in alkaline phos phatase was observed. Conclusions: The study shows that the changes in the bone markers in the patient group are important risk factors and contribute to osteoporosis, and it declares the effect of hy pertension on bone turnover markers in Iraqi postmenopausal women with hypertension and obesity.