bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non‐Oxidized Bare Metal Nanoparticles in Air: A Rational Approach for Large‐Scale Synthesis via Wet Chemical Process
Authors: Thacharon Athira , Jang Woo‐Sung , Kim Jihyun , Kang Joohoon , Kim Young‐Min , Kim Sung Wng
Published: July 2022

Metal nanoparticles (MeNPs) have been used in various industrial applications, owing to their unique physical and chemical properties different from the bulk counterparts. However, the natural oxidation of MeNPs is an imminent hindrance to their widespread applications despite much research efforts to prevent it. Here, a rational approach for non‐oxidized bare MeNPs in air, which requires no additional surface passivation treatment is reported. The direct synthetic route uses the [Gd2C]2+ · 2e− electride as an exceptional electron‐donating agent to reduce diverse metal precursors in alcoholic solvents. All synthesized bare Cu, Ag, and Sn nanoparticles are ultra‐stable in ambient air, exhibiting no trace of metal oxides even on their outermost atomic layer. This unique resistance to oxidation is ascribed to the accumulation of excess electrons on the surface of bare MeNPs, which originates from the spontaneous transfer of anionic electrons from the electride during the nanoparticle growth process. This approach provides not only a revolutionary scheme to obtain MeNPs with non‐passivated and non‐oxidized surfaces, but also fundamental knowledge about metal oxidation.
Probing Dynamic Self‐Reconstruction on Perovskite Fluorides toward Ultrafast Oxygen Evolution
Authors: Zhang Jing , Ye Yu , Wang Zhenbin , Xu Yin , Gui Liangqi , He Beibei , Zhao Ling
Published: July 2022

Exploring low cost, highly active, and durable electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is of prime importance to boost energy conversion efficiency. Perovskite fluorides are emerging as alternative electrocatalysts for OER, however, their intrinsically active sites during real operation are still elusive. Herein, the self‐reconstruction on newly designed NiFe coupled perovskite fluorides during OER process is demonstrated. In situ Raman spectroscopy, ex situ X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, and theoretical calculation reveal that Fe incorporation can significantly activate the self‐reconstruction of perovskite fluorides and efficiently lower the energy barrier of OER. Benefiting from self‐reconstruction and low energy barrier, the KNi0.8Fe0.2F3@nickel foam (KNFF2@NF) electrocatalyst delivers an ultralow overpotential of 258 mV to afford 100 mA cm−2 and an excellent durability for 100 h, favorably rivaling most the state‐of‐the‐art OER electrocatalysts. This protocol provides the fundamental understanding on OER mechanism associated with surface reconstruction for perovskite fluorides.
Two‐Dimensional Perovskite‐Gated AlGaN/GaN High‐Electron‐Mobility‐Transistor for Neuromorphic Vision Sensor
Authors: Hong Xitong , Huang Yulong , Tian Qianlei , Zhang Sen , Liu Chang , Wang Liming , Zhang Kai , Sun Jia , Liao Lei , Zou Xuming
Published: July 2022

The extraordinary optoelectronic properties and continued commercialization of GaN enable it a promising component for neuromorphic visual system (NVS). However, typical GaN‐based optoelectronic devices demonstrated to data only show temporary and unidirectional photoresponse in ultraviolet region, which is an insurmountable obstacle for construction of NVS in practical applications. Herein, an ultrasensitive visual sensor with phototransistor architecture consisting of AlGaN/GaN high‐electron‐mobility‐transistor (HEMT) and two‐dimensional Ruddlesden–Popper organic–inorganic halide perovskite (2D OIHP) is reported. Utilizing the significant variation in activation energy for ion transport in 2D OIHP (from 1.3 eV under dark to 0.4 eV under illumination), the sensor can efficiently perceive and storage optical information in ultraviolet–visible region. Meanwhile, the photo‐enhanced field‐effect mechanism in the depletion‐mode HEMT enables gate‐tunable negative and positive photoresponse, where some typical optoelectronic synaptic functions including inhibitory and excitatory postsynaptic current as well as paired‐pulse facilitation are demonstrated. More importantly, a NVS based on the proposed visual sensor array is constructed for achieving neuromorphic visual preprocessing with an improved color image recognition rate of 100%.
Nanomedicine Strategies for Heating “Cold” Ovarian Cancer (OC): Next Evolution in Immunotherapy of OC
Authors: Yang Yuqi , Zhao Tianjiao , Chen Qiaohui , Li Yumei , Xiao Zuoxiu , Xiang Yuting , Wang Boyu , Qiu Yige , Tu Shiqi , Jiang Yitian , Nan Yayun , Huang Qiong , Ai Kelong
Published: July 2022

Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, dramatically improving survival rates of melanoma and lung cancer patients. Nevertheless, immunotherapy is almost ineffective against ovarian cancer (OC) due to its cold tumor immune microenvironment (TIM). Many traditional medications aimed at remodeling TIM are often associated with severe systemic toxicity, require frequent dosing, and show only modest clinical efficacy. In recent years, emerging nanomedicines have demonstrated extraordinary immunotherapeutic effects for OC by reversing the TIM because the physical and biochemical features of nanomedicines can all be harnessed to obtain optimal and expected tissue distribution and cellular uptake. However, nanomedicines are far from being widely explored in the field of OC immunotherapy due to the lack of appreciation for the professional barriers of nanomedicine and pathology, limiting the horizons of biomedical researchers and materials scientists. Herein, a typical cold tumor‐OC is adopted as a paradigm to introduce the classification of TIM, the TIM characteristics of OC, and the advantages of nanomedicines for immunotherapy. Subsequently, current nanomedicines are comprehensively summarized through five general strategies to substantially enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy by heating the cold OC. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of this expanding field for improved development of clinical applications are also discussed.
Insight into the Fast‐Rechargeability of a Novel Mo1.5W1.5Nb14O44Anode Material for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Tao Runming , Zhang Tianyu , Tan Susheng , Jafta Charl J. , Li Cheng , Liang Jiyuan , Sun Xiao‐Guang , Wang Tao , Fan Juntian , Lu Ziyang , Bridges Craig A. , Suo Xian , Do‐Thanh Chi‐Linh , Dai Sheng
Published: July 2022

Wadsley–Roth phased niobates are promising anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries, while their inherently low electrical conductivity still limits their rate‐capability. Herein, a novel doped Mo1.5W1.5Nb14O44(MWNO) material is facilely prepared via an ionothermal‐synthesis‐assisted doping strategy. The detailed crystal structure of MWNO is characterized by neutron powder diffraction and aberration corrected scanning transmission electron microscope, unveiling the full occupation of Mo6+‐dopant at thet1 tetrahedral site. In half‐cells, MWNO exhibits enhanced fast‐rechargeability. The origin of the improved performance is investigated by ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, density functional theory (DFT) computation, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, revealing that bandgap narrowing improves the electrical conductivity of MWNO. Furthermore, operando X‐ray diffraction elucidates that MWNO exhibits a typical solid‐solution phase conversion‐based lithium‐ion insertion/extraction mechanism with reversible structural evolution during the electrochemical reaction. The boosted lithium‐ion diffusivity of MWNO, due to the Mo6+/W6+doping effect, is confirmed by a galvanostatic intermittent titration technique and DFT. With the simultaneously enhanced electrical conductivity and lithium‐ion diffusivity, MWNO successfully demonstrates its fast‐rechargeability and practicality in the LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4‐coupled full‐cells. Therefore, this work illustrates the potential of ionothermal synthesis in energy storage materials and provides a mechanistic understanding of the doping effect on improving material's electrochemical performance.
Brominated Polythiophene Reduces the Efficiency‐Stability‐Cost Gap of Organic and Quantum Dot Hybrid Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Junwei , Liu Yang , Wang Jingjing , Li Haojin , Zhou Kangkang , Gui Ruohua , Xian Kaihu , Qi Qingchun , Yang Xuantong , Chen Yu , Zhao Wenchao , Yin Hang , Zhao Kui , Zhou Zhihua , Ye Long
Published: July 2022

The emerging solution‐processed solar cells have attracted worldwide effort in the last decade. Developing efficient, stable, and cost‐effective solar cells is strongly desirable in countering the growing global warming. Nevertheless, the photovoltaic performance and stability of hybrid solar cells based on low‐cost polythiophenes are far from satisfactory, due to their high‐lying energy levels and excessive aggregation. Herein, it is shown that brominated polythiophene (P3HT‐Br), prepared via a facile two‐step approach can effectively facilitate charge transport and suppress recombination in quantum dot (QD)/organic heterojunctions. Accordingly, the power conversion efficiency of the optimized hybrid polythiophene/QD cell is boosted from 8.7% to 11% (a 26% increase) with markedly reduced energy loss. More strikingly, the device achieves record‐high thermal stability with a lifetime of over 400 h maintaining 80% of the initial performance. Both device efficiency and stability are the best reported for polythiophene/QD hybrid solar cells. Moving forward, brominated polythiophenes hold great application in perovskite solar cells with significantly improved performance and offer new opportunities for other emerging solar cells.
Combined effects of organic amendments and fertilization on cotton growth and yield
Authors: Adeli Ardeshir , Brooks John P. , Miles Dana , Misna Todd , Feng Gary , Jenkins Johnie N.
Published: July 2022

With escalating fertilizer prices, interest in using poultry litter as a source of plant nutrients has increased. However, the rapid decomposition of litter, particularly in the hot and humid southern United States, makes poultry litter vulnerable to loss of nutrients. Biochar and lignite have been proposed to mitigate nutrient loss, particularly N. However, information on the integration of biochar and lignite with poultry litter on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) growth and yield is limited under southeastern agro‐ecosystems. A field experiment was conducted on a Leeper silty clay loam soil from 2017 to 2020 to evaluate the combined effect of poultry litter and inorganic N fertilizer with biochar and lignite on cotton growth, yield, and nutrient utilization. The treatments consisted of a 3 × 3 full‐factorial arrangement of amendments and fertilization types organized in a randomized complete block design. Application rates were 6.7 Mg ha–1 for poultry litter, 6.7 Mg ha–1 for biochar and lignite, and 134 kg N ha–1 for inorganic fertilizer. Lignite and biochar were only added once. The combination of biochar and lignite with poultry litter and inorganic fertilizer was positively effective on yield and yield components. Integration of biochar with poultry litter and inorganic fertilizer increased lint yield by 42 and 44% as compared with fertilization alone. Cotton leaf area index increased by 34 and 51% when biochar and lignite were combined with inorganic fertilizer in 2020. The leaching loss of postharvest soil NO3–N was significantly reduced by 66 and 50% when biochar and lignite were combined with inorganic fertilizer, respectively.
Expanding phenotype of FAM111B‐related disease focusing on liver involvement: Literature review, report of a case with end‐stage liver disease and proposal for a new acronym
Authors: Macchiaiolo Marina , Panfili Filippo M. , Vecchio Davide , Cortellessa Fabiana , Gonfiantini Michaela V. , Buonuomo Paola S. , Pietrobattista Andrea , Francalanci Paola , Travaglini Lorena , Bertini Enrico S. , El Hachem Maya , Bartuli Andrea
Published: July 2022

POIKiloderma, tendon contractures, myopathy, pulmonary fibrosis is a congenital multisystem disorder due to FAM111B dominant variants. We present a literature review focusing on the frequency and the impact of hepatic involvement and a case report of a patient with severe end‐stage liver disease. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was conducted on the proband and his parents. A de novo FAM111B: c.1879A > G; (p.Arg627Gly) variant was identified. Hepatic involvement is present in 11 out of the 30 patients described in the literature, with different levels of dysfunction ranging from mild transaminitis to liver fibrosis found in three different cases by liver biopsies. Liver involvement seems to be a significant cause of morbidity. We propose to modify the previous acronym in POIK‐TMPL: including POIKiloderma, tendon contractures, myopathy, pulmonary fibrosis/pancreas insufficiency and cancer, liver involvement/lymphedema. Moreover, we suggest screening patients with FAM111B variants for liver involvement from the first month of life and continue with an appropriate follow‐up. Further studies are needed to better understand this frequent complication.
Growth in individuals with attenuated mucopolysaccharidosis type I during untreated and treated periods: Data from the MPS I registry
Authors: Polgreen Lynda E. , Bay Luisa , Clarke Lorne A. , Guffon Nathalie , Jones Simon A. , Muenzer Joseph , Flores Ana Lorena , Wilson Kathryn , Viskochil David
Published: July 2022

Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I (MPS I) is caused by deficiency of α‐L‐iduronidase. Short stature and growth deceleration are common in individuals with the attenuated MPS I phenotype. Study objectives were to assess growth in individuals with attenuated MPS I enrolled in The MPS I Registry while untreated and after initiation of enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) with laronidase (recombinant human iduronidase). Individuals in the MPS I Registry with at least one observation for height and assigned attenuated MPS I phenotype as of September 2020 were included. The cohort included 142 males and 153 females 2–18 years of age. Age and sex adjusted standardized height‐for‐age z‐scores during the natural history and ERT‐treatment periods were assessed using linear mixed model repeated measures analyses. Growth curves were estimated during both periods and compared to standard growth charts from the Center for Disease Control (CDC). There was a significantly slower decline in height z‐scores with age during the ERT‐treated period compared to the natural history period. Estimated average height z‐scores in the ERT‐treatment versus the natural history period at age 10 were −2.4 versus −3.3 in females and −1.4 versus −2.9 in males (females first treated 3 year; males <4.1 year). While median height remained below CDC standards during both the natural history and ERT‐treated periods for individuals with attenuated MPS I, laronidase ERT was associated with slower declines in height z‐scores.
Copper‐Catalyzed Radical Difluoromethylation‐Peroxidation of Alkenes: Synthesis of β‐Difluoromethyl Peroxides
Authors: Liu Fan , Lv Leiyang , Ma Yangyang , Li Zhiping
Published: July 2022

A convenient and efficient copper‐catalyzed three‐component difluoromethylation‐peroxidation of alkenes with commercially‐available sodium difluoromethanesulfinate and tert‐butyl hydroperoxide has been developed. This protocol enables the synthesis of a variety of β‐difluoromethyl peroxides under mild conditions. Versatile synthetic transformations of the difluoromethyl peroxides have also been explored.
Insulin overdose complicated by treatment‐induced acute hepatic steatosis in a nondiabetic patient
Authors: Okamoto Noriyuki , Onishi Shinsuke , Onodera Toshiyuki , Tawara Toshihiro , Okamoto Hiroyuki , Shimizu Takafumi , Oshiro Akiko , Morishita Yuka , Nara Satoshi
Published: July 2022

Background

There are few reports of dextrose‐associated hepatic steatosis during insulin overdose treatment. Reports in nondiabetic patients are extremely rare. There is inadequate knowledge about the clinical course and treatment.

Case Presentation

A 37‐year‐old previously healthy, nondiabetic man self‐administered 5,925 IU of insulin. On admission, his liver function tests were normal. However, following continued dextrose treatment, they increased, and he was diagnosed with hepatic steatosis. The liver function tests improved with decreasing dextrose dosage, and he was asymptomatic on discharge.

Conclusion

Acute hepatic steatosis may occur in nondiabetic and diabetic patients during treatment requiring large doses of dextrose infusion, such as for an insulin overdose. In addition, the degree of liver damage might also be related to the dextrose dose. Therefore, careful glycemic control and minimization of the dextrose dosage are recommended for diabetic and nondiabetic patients.
A Theoretical Proposal for an Ultrabroadband Metamaterial Absorber for the Circular Polarization Waves Based on Anapole Mode in the Near‐Infrared Region
Authors: Qu Jia , Pan Hao , Zhang Hai‐feng
Published: July 2022

The absorber excited by anapole response is in the spotlight owing to its non‐radiating merits, whereas the existing designs suffer from poor bandwidth and absorption. Furthermore, the circular polarization (CP) wave promises numerous application scenarios; thus, the absorbers aimed at it are sorely called for. An ultrabroadband metamaterial absorber (MMA) for the CP waves based on anapole mode is proposed in this paper. In this structure, the symmetrical split‐ring resonators (SRRs) are acted as the resonant unit to excite the toroidal dipole (TP) and electric dipole (EP) moments in the near‐infrared region. By applying the perfect electric conductor mirror effect, the enhanced field energy results in the absorption peak in the given band. Aimed at optimizing the absorption performance of the designed MMA, the SRRs are rotated, introduce the cavity resonance, and add the nickel patch to excite more electromagnetic resonance. The final optimized MMA can achieve an absorption exceeding 90% in an ultrabroadband of 1228–2156.7 nm, whose relative absorption bandwidth is 54.9%. Meanwhile, on account of its highly symmetrical structure, the MMA is insensitive to the polarization state of the CP waves. These splendid properties make the MMA a good candidate for potential applications.
Distale C−H‐Glykosylierung durch Ruthenium(II)‐Katalyse: Modularer Aufbau vonmeta‐C‐Aryl‐Glykosiden
Authors: Wu Jun , Kaplaneris Nikolaos , Pöhlmann Julia , Michiyuki Takuya , Yuan Binbin , Ackermann Lutz
Published: July 2022

Die weite Verbreitung vonC‐Arylglykosiden in biologisch aktiven Naturstoffen und zugelassenen Arzneimitteln hat seit langem zur Entwicklung effizienter Strategien für ihre selektive Synthese motiviert. Kreuzkupplungen wurden häufig verwendet, waren aber größtenteils auf Palladiumkatalysatoren und vorfunktionalisierten Substraten angewiesen, während sich die Ruthenium‐katalysierte Herstellung vonC‐Arylglykosiden bisher als schwer zugänglich erwiesen hat. Wir stellen hier eine vielseitige Ruthenium(II)‐katalysiertemeta‐C−H‐Glykosylierung vor, ummeta‐C‐Arylglykoside aus leicht verfügbaren Glykosylhalogenid‐Donoren zu gewinnen. Die Robustheit der Ruthenium‐Katalyse zeigte sich in milden Reaktionsbedingungen, hervorragender anomerer Selektivität und ausschließlichermeta‐Selektivität.
Tailoring Bond Microenvironments and Reaction Pathways of Single‐Atom Catalysts for Efficient Water Electrolysis
Authors: Zheng Weiqiong , Zhu Ran , Wu Huijuan , Ma Tian , Zhou Hongju , Zhou Mi , He Chao , Liu Xikui , Li Shuang , Cheng Chong
Published: July 2022

Single‐atom sites (SASs) are commonly stabilized and influenced by neighboring atoms in the host; disclosing the structure–reactivity relationships of SASs in water electrolysis is one of the grand challenges originating from the tremendous wealth of support materials with complex structures. Through a multidisciplinary view of the design principles, synthesis strategies, characterization techniques, and theoretical analysis of structure–performance correlations, this timely Review is dedicated to summarizing the most recent progress in tailoring bond microenvironments on different supports and discussing the reaction pathways and performance advantages of different SAS structures for water electrolysis. The essence and mechanisms of how SAS structures influence electrocatalysis and the critical requirements for future developments are discussed. Finally, the challenges and perspectives are also provided to stimulate the practical, widespread utilization of SAS catalysts in water‐splitting electrolyzers.
Heck Reaction of N‐Heteroaryl Halides for the Concise Synthesis of Chiral α‐Heteroaryl‐substituted Heterocycles
Authors: Li Bowen , Luo Bangke , Yang He , Tang Wenjun
Published: July 2022

The Heck reaction between N‐heteroaryl halides and heterocyclic alkenes provides a convenient approach to biologically relevant α‐heteroaryl functionalized heterocycles, yet reactions of this type have been challenging due to strong N‐heteroaryl coordination to palladium metal, which causes catalyst poisoning. In this report, an efficient palladium‐catalyzed Heck reaction between N‐heteroaryl halides and heterocyclic olefins is established, leading to a variety of α‐heteroaryl substituted heterocycles. The method features an unprecedented broad substrate scope and excellent functional group compatibility. The employment of a sterically bulky P, P=O ligand containing an anthryl moiety is crucial for this transformation due to the coordinative unsaturation facilitated by its steric bulkiness. The asymmetric variant of the Heck reaction is achieved with (S)‐DTBM‐SEGPHOS via a cationic palladium pathway, which has enabled an efficient asymmetric synthesis of (S)‐nicotine and its analogues.
A Greener Route to Blue: Solid‐State Synthesis of Phthalocyanines
Authors: Langerreiter Daniel , Kostiainen Mauri A. , Kaabel Sandra , Anaya‐Plaza Eduardo
Published: July 2022

Phthalocyanines are important organic dyes with a broad applicability in optoelectronics, catalysis, sensing and nanomedicine. Currently, phthalocyanines are synthetized in high boiling organic solvents, like dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE), which is a flammable, corrosive, and bioactive substance, miscible with water and harmful to the environment. Here we show a new solid‐state approach for the high‐yielding synthesis of phthalocyanines, which reduces up to 100‐fold the amount of DMAE. Through systematic screening of solid‐state reaction parameters, carried out by ball‐milling and aging, we reveal the influence of key variables—temperature, presence of a template, and the amount and role of DMAE in the conversion of tBu phthalonitrile to tetra‐tBu phthalocyanine. These results set the foundations to synthesize these high‐performance dyes through a greener approach, opening the field of solid‐state synthesis to a wider family of phthalocyanines.
Three‐dimensional bioprinting of tragacanth/hydroxyapaptite modified alginate bioinks for bone tissue engineering with tunable printability and bioactivity
Authors: Khoshnood Negin , Shahrezaee Mohammad Hossein , Shahrezaee Mostafa , Zamanian Ali
Published: July 2022

Three‐dimensional (3D) bioprinting of composite scaffolds using biodegradable natural polymers are very promising approach for bone tissue engineering. In this research, we hypothesized that the use of tragacanth gum with alginate could improve the printability and rheological properties of alginate. We showed that the blending of 1 wt% tragacanth with the 3 wt% alginate‐based bioink significantly improved the compressive strength, viscosity and printability properties, resolution, and shape fidelity of alginate bioink. In addition, the presence of tragacanth decreased the rate of degradation in alginate scaffold within 21 days. On the other hand, hydroxyapatite (HA) could support alginate as an osteoconductive component in alginate‐tragacanth composite scaffolds. HA was in situ incorporated into an alginate‐tragacanth bioink. ALP activity, calcium deposition and BMP‐2 and osteocalcin genes expression showed an increase over time indicating differentiation of MC3T3 cells into osteoblasts in the presence of HA particles than that in the alginate‐tragacanth group. In addition, the expression of CD105, CD44, and CD90, as specific surface markers, were significantly increased in differentiated osteoblasts. The in vitro results demonstrated that HA particles dispersed in the alginate‐tragacanth matrix could promote osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3 cells in a 3D‐bioprinted construct and this scaffold material could be considered to repair large bone tissue defects.
Synthesis of poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate)‐b‐poly(propylene glycol)‐b‐poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate)reactive block copolymer with controlled reactivity for toughening multifunctional epoxy resin
Authors: Zhu Hong , Tang Bing , Lv Yadong , Huang Yajiang , Yang Qi , Li Guangxian , Kong Miqiu
Published: July 2022

Multifunctional epoxy resins are inherently brittle due to the extremely high cross‐linking density, thus the enhancement in the toughness is rather important for the industrial application. In this work, a reactive poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate)‐b‐poly(propylene glycol)‐b‐poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA‐PPG‐PHEMA) is synthesized by using an atom transfer radical polymerization to toughen trifunctional diglycidyl 4,5‐epoxy cyclohexane‐1,2‐dicarboxylate (TDE‐85). A controllable system is constructed, in which the reaction temperature of TDE‐85 with the hydroxyl of PHEMA‐PPG‐PHEMA is lower than with the curing agent. As a result, both heterogeneous and homogeneous structures can be formed in composites through controlling reaction temperature. It is found that the toughness of composites with the heterogeneous structure is effectively improved without sacrificing the tensile strength, tensile modulus, and glass transition temperature. Specifically, the mode‐1 critical stress intensity factor and critical strain energy release rate of TDE‐85/10 wt% PHEMA‐PPG‐PHEMA are increased to 0.77 MPam1/2 and 146 J/m2, respectively, which are effectively enhanced by 32.8% and 70.3%. This can be ascribed to combined toughening effects from the cavitation of the PHEMA‐PPG‐PHEMA phase, the matrix shear yielding, and the enhanced interface bonding strength due to the reaction between TDE‐85 and PHEMA‐PPG‐PHEMA. Thus, this study paves a novel strategy to improve the toughness of epoxy resin by controlling the curing reaction.
Luminescence properties of MgCaAl10O17:RE3+ (RE3+ = Sm3+,Dy3+) phosphor for eco‐friendly solid‐state lighting applications
Authors: Yerpude Atul N. , Parshuramkar Dalesh M. , Pawade Vijay B. , Kokode Namdeo S. , Dhoble Sanjay J.
Published: July 2022

Different concentrations of rare earth Sm3+‐ and Dy3+‐activated MgCaAl10O17 phosphors were synthesized using the combustion route and their detailed luminescence investigations are reported in this paper. The photoluminescence excitation spectra of Sm3+‐ and Dy3+‐activated MgCaAl10O17 phosphor show multiple peaks in the ultraviolet light region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The characteristic emission spectra of the MgCaAl10O17:Sm3+ phosphor are located at 563 nm, 594 nm, and 644 nm, with the maximum emission intensity occurring at 594 nm. The emission spectra of the MgCaAl10O17:Dy3+ phosphor show two emission peaks, one at 476 nm wavelength in the blue light region and the other at 573 nm wavelength in the yellow region. The above results suggest that the prepared phosphor can be suitable for applications in eco‐friendly solid‐state lighting.
Quantitation of the ataxia‐telangiectasia‐mutated and Rad3‐related inhibitor elimusertib (BAY‐1895344) in human plasma using LC–MS/MS
Authors: Kiesel Brian F. , Parise Robert A. , Krishnamurthy Anuradha , Gore Steven , Beumer Jan H.
Published: July 2022

Ataxia‐telangiectasia‐mutated and Rad3‐related (ATR) is master regulator of the DNA‐damage response that, through multiple mechanisms, can promote cancer cell survival in response to replication stress from sources, including chemotherapy and radiation. Elimusertib (BAY‐1895344) is an orally available small‐molecule ATR inhibitor currently in preclinical and clinical development for cancer treatment. To support these studies and define elimusertib pharmacokinetics, we developed a HPLC–MS method for its quantitation. A 50‐μL volume of plasma was subjected to acetonitrile protein precipitation and then chromatographic separation using a Phenomenex Polar‐RP column (2 × 50 mm, 4 μm) and a gradient mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile and water during a 7‐min run time. Mass spectrometric detection was achieved using a SCIEX 4000 triple‐stage mass spectrometer with electrospray positive‐mode ionization. With a stable isotopic internal standard, the assay was linear from 30 to 5000 ng/mL and proved to be both accurate (93.5–108.2%) and precise (<6.3% coefficient of variation) fulfilling criteria from the Food and Drug Administration guidance on bioanalytical method validation. This LC–MS/MS assay will support several ongoing clinical studies by defining elimusertib pharmacokinetics.
Tissue‐engineered tendon nano‐constructs for repair of chronic rotator cuff tears in large animal models
Authors: Gwon Yonghyun , Kim Woochan , Park Sunho , Kim Yang‐Kyung , Kim Hyoseong , Kim Myung‐Sun , Kim Jangho
Published: July 2022

Chronic rotator cuff tears (RCTs) are one of the most common injuries of shoulder pain. Despite the recent advances in surgical techniques and improved clinical outcomes of arthroscopically repaired rotator cuffs (RCs), complete functional recovery—without retear—of the RC tendon through tendon‐to‐bone interface (TBI) regeneration remains a key clinical goal to be achieved. Inspired by the highly organized nanostructured extracellular matrix in RC tendon tissue, we propose herein a tissue‐engineered tendon nano‐construct (TNC) for RC tendon regeneration. When compared with two currently used strategies (i.e., transosseous sutures and stem cell injections), our nano‐construct facilitated more significant healing of all parts of the TBI (i.e., tendon, fibrocartilages, and bone) in both rabbit and pig RCT models owing to its enhancements in cell proliferation and differentiation, protein expression, and growth factor secretion. Overall, our findings demonstrate the high potential of this transplantable tendon nano‐construct for clinical repair of chronic RCTs.
Anatomical variations of the internal jugular vein in the context of central line placement: A visual approach to data processing
Authors: Iankovitch Anna , Ledley Johanna Shapiro , Almabrouk Tarek , Al‐Jaberi Nahidh , Coey James
Published: July 2022

Central line placement in the internal jugular vein (IJV) can result in complications. Previous studies that examined variations in geometric anatomical parameters in pediatric populations have reduced these risks in children. The aim of this study was to establish possible anatomical variations to improve central line placement in the adult population and demonstrate the use of a correlation heatmap in processing large amounts of data. Twenty‐seven volunteers were imaged using ultrasound at three different neck levels on right and left sides and various anatomical parameters were measured. Demographic information was also collected and included in the data processing. The Pearson coefficient was derived from each possible relationship between the measured parameters and was plotted in a correlation heatmap. Strong correlations were observed between the body mass index and the depth of the IJV and common carotid artery (CCA), the relative depth of the IJV to the CCA. No significant correlations were found in the dimensions of both vessels. Anatomical variations were more common than anticipated and should be taken into account when performing central line catheterization in order to minimize post‐procedure complications.
Does witnessing gender discrimination predict women's collective action intentions for gender justice? Examining the moderating role of perceived female support
Authors: Uluğ Özden Melis , Chayinska Maria , Tropp Linda R.
Published: July 2022

Previous research has indicated that witnessing gender discrimination may instigate women's participation in collective action for gender justice. However, relatively little is known about the role of perceived female support in motivating collective action among women who witness gender discrimination in public life. This study aims to analyse whether and when perceived support from feminist‐minded women moderates the association between women's witnessing gender discrimination and their willingness to engage in collective action for gender justice. We argue that the association between witnessing gender discrimination and willingness to engage in collective action depends on the support women perceive from their female friends and family members. In studies of women in the U.S. (Study 1; N = 271) and Ukraine (Study 2; N = 256), witnessing gender discrimination predicted greater willingness to participate in collective action for gender justice, and this association was stronger when female support was perceived to be lower. Study 3 (N = 1,304) replicated the findings of Studies 1 and 2 with self‐identified feminist women in Turkey. Our research offers novel insights regarding why perceived lack of female support may encourage women to engage in collective action for gender justice.
Photochemical and Molecular Dynamics Studies of Halide Binding in Flavoenzyme Glucose Oxidase
Authors: Zhuang Bo , Vos Marten H. , Aleksandrov Alexey
Published: July 2022

Glucose oxidase (GOX), a characteristic flavoprotein oxidase with widespread industrial applications, binds fluoride (F−) and chloride (Cl−). We investigated binding properties of halide inhibitors of GOX through time‐resolved spectral characterization of flavin‐related photochemical processes and molecular dynamic simulations. Cl− and F− bind differently to the protein active site and have substantial but opposite effects on the population and decay of the flavin excited state. Cl− binds closer to the flavin, whose excited‐state decays in <100 fs due to anion‐π interactions. Such interactions appear absent in F− binding, which, however, significantly increases the active‐site rigidity leading to more homogeneous, picosecond fluorescence decay kinetics. These findings are discussed in relation to the mechanism of halide inhibition of GOX by occupying the accommodation site of catalytic intermediates and increasing the active‐site rigidity.
Replacing Commercial 6‐Phosphofructokinase in an Online Pyrophosphate Detection Assay
Authors: Machell Daniel L. , Hansen Mathias H. , Cryle Max J.
Published: July 2022

Detection of pyrophosphate is important in quantifying enzyme activity, particularly adenylation domain activity during non‐ribosomal peptide synthesis. The previous development of an enzyme coupled PPi/NADH assay allowed the measurement of such activity in an online fashion using commercially available components. Now, with a key enzyme ‐ 6‐phosphofructokinase ‐ no longer available, we have screened and identified viable replacement enzymes that can be expressed in high yield and that are far superior in activity to the now discontinued commercial product. This will support the ability of groups to continue to use this established online assay for pyrophosphate detection.
Instantaneous wave‐free ratio‐guided revascularization of nonculprit lesions in STEMI patients with multivessel coronary disease: The WAVE registry
Authors: Musto Carmine , Scappaticci Massimiliano , Biondi‐Zoccai Giuseppe , De Felice Francesco , D'Amario Domenico , Nazzaro Marco S. , Stio Rocco E. , Del Prete Armando , Chin Diana , Pennacchi Mauro , Paolucci Luca , Versaci Francesco , Gabrielli Domenico
Published: July 2022

Background

Complete revascularization (CR) of nonculprit lesions (NCL) is strongly recommended in patients with ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and multivessel coronary artery disease (MVD), but no definitive evidence is available regarding which diagnostic strategy should be preferred. Instantaneous wave‐free ratio (iFR) has never been investigated in this setting. We aimed to describe clinical outcomes of a cohort of patients undergoing iFR‐guided CR.

Methods

Following primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), consecutive patients with STEMI and intermediate NCL were enrolled and destinated to an iFR‐guided CR. NCL with iFR ≤ 0.89 underwent PCI while NCL with iFR > 0.89 were deferred. The primary endpoint was NC target lesion failure (NC‐TLF) and the secondary endpoint was major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), at 1‐year follow‐up.

Results

Overall, 209 patients were enrolled (ischemic iFR = 83; nonischemic iFR = 126). Patients with ischemic iFR showed a higher prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors and angiographically determined three‐vessel disease. In the entire cohort, NC‐TLF and MACE occurred in 6.7% and 10.5% of patients, respectively. Compared to the deferred group, patients with ischemic iFR experienced significantly higher rates of both NC‐TLF (3.2% vs. 12.1%; p = 0.021) and MACE (7.1% vs. 16.9%; p = 0.041). These results were mostly driven by increased rates of NC‐TLF PCI and further revascularizations in this latter group, while no differences were evident in terms of nonfatal myocardial infarction or death. At multivariable analysis, the strongest predictor of MACE was symptom onset to balloon time (HR = 1.17 [95% CI: 1.04–1.31], p = 0.008).

Conclusions

In our study enrolling STEMI patients with MVD, iFR assessment was feasible and safe. PCI‐deferring according to iFR evaluation of NCL was associated with low rates of adverse events. Further randomized studies are needed to investigate the effectiveness of iFR‐guided revascularization compared to current practice in this setting.
Radial access for chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention: Insights from the PROGRESS‐CTO registry
Authors: Simsek Bahadir , Gorgulu Sevket , Kostantinis Spyridon , Karacsonyi Judit , Alaswad Khaldoon , Jaffer Farouc A. , Doshi Darshan , Goktekin Omer , Kerrigan Jimmy , Haddad Elias , Patel Mitul , Rinfret Stephane , Jaber Wissam A. , Nicholson William , Abi Rafeh Nidal , Allana Salman , Koutouzis Michalis , Brilakis Emmanouil S. ,   PROGRESS‐CTO investigators
Published: July 2022

Use of radial access for chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been increasing. We examined the clinical characteristics and procedural outcomes of patients who underwent CTO PCI with radial versus femoral access in the Prospective Global Registry for the Study of CTO Intervention (PROGRESS‐CTO, NCT02061436). Of 10,954 patients who underwent CTO PCI at 55 centers in 7 countries between 2012 and 2022, 2578 (24%) had a radial only approach. Patients who underwent radial only access were younger (63 ± 10 vs. 65 ± 10, years, p < 0.001), more likely to be men (84% vs. 81%, p = 0.001), and had significantly lower prevalence of comorbidities compared with the femoral access group including diabetes mellitus (39% vs. 45%, p < 0.001) and coronary artery bypass graft surgery (57% vs. 64%, p < 0.001). In addition, radial only cases had lower angiographic complexity with lower J‐CTO and PROGRESS‐CTO scores. After adjusting for potential confounders, radial only access was associated with lower risk of access site complications (odds ratio [OR]: 0.45, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.22–0.91), similar technical success (OR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.74–1.04) and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (OR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.40–1.07), compared with the femoral access group. Radial only access was used in 24% of CTO PCIs and was associated with lower access site complications, and similar technical success and MACE as compared with the femoral access group.
Complete uniparental disomy of chromosome 1 in a child with isolated developmental delay
Authors: Wallerstein Violet , Grant Leon , Wallerstein Robert
Published: July 2022

Complete uniparental disomy of chromosome 1 (UPD1) is an uncommon genetic finding about which a specific phenotype has not yet been established. We present a boy who has complete paternal UPD1 and isolated developmental delay and suggest that there is no clear phenotype of UPD1.
Promising effects of corticosteroid treatment in combination with antifungal agents in a patient with Aspergillus meningitis
Authors: Jalali Parisa Aziz , Lotfali Ensieh , Rezaei Kamran , Fatemi Alireza , Ashrafi Farzad , Oraee‐Yazdani Saeed , Mirdehghan Alimohammad
Published: July 2022

Although Aspergillus meningitis is poorly responsive to current guidelines for treatment, we describe a dramatic response of Aspergillus meningitis in a patient to treatment using a combination of corticosteroids with guideline’s suggested antifungal agents. Administration of corticosteroids in patients with Aspergillus meningitis is rarely reported in previous studies.
Unusual presentation of familial Mediterranean fever with co‐existing polyarteritis nodosa and acute post‐streptococcal glomerulonephritis
Authors: Özdemir Atikel Yeşim , Derinkuyu Betül Emine , Bakkaloğlu Sevcan A.
Published: July 2022

Acute post‐streptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) and polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) may occur simultaneously after streptococcal infection in a child who is previously healthy but carries a Mediterranean fever (MEFV) mutation. The homozygous M694V mutation in the MEFV gene may cause an augmented response to the streptococcal infection that plays a role in the development of both clinical manifestations.
Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis characterized by chest pain and high‐attenuation mucus on computed tomography
Authors: Hirata Risa , Tago Masaki , Makio Seijiro , Oishi Toru , Oda Yoshimasa
Published: July 2022

A 45‐year‐old woman developed chest pain on the previous day. High‐attenuation mucus in the bronchus was found on the CT examination on admission, which led to a diagnosis of allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis. CT should be checked carefully for high‐attenuation mucus because this finding is highly specific for allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis.
An unusual case of multiple gastrointestinal stromal tumors in the small bowel presenting as occult and overt gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Yeaman Fiona , Abasszade Joshua , Varma Poornima , Swan Michael
Published: July 2022

We present a case report of a 59‐year‐old woman with multiple gastrointestinal stromal tumors as a cause of gastrointestinal bleeding. She initially presented with recurrent iron deficiency anemia and subsequent gastrointestinal bleeding over 10 years. An initial angiodysplastic lesion was identified, treated, and spot tattooed. Recurrent symptoms occurred leading to repeat investigations with a further subepithelial lesion with ulceration being identified. Computerized tomography enterography subsequently revealed an ileal intraluminal enhancing lesion, and she was referred to surgery. Surgical resection was ultimately performed, and multiple lesions were found to be present with histology revealing multiple gastrointestinal stromal tumors.
When muscle quivers and undulates
Authors: Rebello Alex , Asif Mohd , Dhanusha Kumbha , Haritha Bandi , Narmada Nangadda , Poudel Ram Chandra
Published: July 2022

We describe a patient who presented with fatigue and pulling sensation in his lower limbs. He had continuous muscle contractions over his trunk (myokymia) which pointed towards the diagnosis of Isaacs syndrome which was confirmed by strongly positive CASPR2 antibodies in blood.
Three cases of brain hydatidosis in North Khorasan, Iran
Authors: Shafiei Reza , Raeghi Saber , Jafarzadeh Fatemeh , Najjari Mohsen , Ghatee Mohammad Amin , Shokri Azar
Published: July 2022

Cystic hydatidosis is a serious public health problem in Iran. Although cysts can develop in almost all organs and the brain cysts are very rare. Here, we present 3 confirmed cases of brain hydatidosis and the patients who underwent successful surgery. Pathological examinations demonstrated the presence of cystic hydatidosis.
Lyonia ovalifolia (Angeri) poisoning: A case report
Authors: Sharma Niraj Kumar , Bhattarai Madhur , Shah Sangam , Gyawali Pawan , Baral Kushal , Banstola Hemanta
Published: July 2022

Lyonia ovalifolia (angeri) is a deciduous tree whose shoot and leaves are toxic. Its chemical constituents include grayanane diterpenoids, lyoniol A, and other toxic compounds. Young children might consume it intentionally or unintentionally, with subsequent adverse health outcomes and even mortality depending on the amount ingested. We present a case of an adolescent girl who developed poisoning on ingestion of angeri leaves.
Pregnancy management for a woman with extensive vulvar and pelvic malformations caused by Klippel–Trénaunay syndrome
Authors: Hofmann Konstantin , Macchiella Doris , Kloeckner Roman , Hasenburg Annette
Published: July 2022

Klippel–Trénaunay syndrome (KTS) is a rare congenital disorder defined by a triad of capillary malformation, venous malformation, and soft tissue or bone hypertrophy most commonly affecting unilateral lower limbs. Due to the rarity of KTS, evidence‐based guidelines for the management of pregnancy in people with KTS are still lacking. A 34‐year‐old woman (gravidity 1; parity 0) presented at 25 weeks of gestation with malformations of the right side of her body. The extent of the KTS affecting the vulva, pelvis, and right leg was remarkable. As the prenatal MRI showed massive vascular malformations of the pelvis and vulva, we performed an elective cesarean section to avoid severe perinatal hemorrhage during a vaginal delivery. Intraoperatively, we observed varices on the parietal peritoneum within the vesico‐uterine pouch and the isthmocervical transition of the uterus, which were not identifiable in the preoperative MRI. Although KTS patients have been discouraged from pregnancy in the past because of a high risk for complications, successful and uncomplicated pregnancies are possible. For this purpose, we believe a multidisciplinary strategy that is crucial.
An epidermal cyst in the areola
Authors: Yamaguchi Toshiyuki
Published: July 2022

Although epidermal cysts are common lesions of the scalp, face neck, and trunk, these cysts are rarely found in the areola. Doctors should think of epidermal cyst as one of differential diagnoses of an areolar lesions.
Fluorine‐Doping Strategy To Improve the Surface and Electrochemical Properties of LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 Cathodes for Use in Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Wencong , Lee Changhee , Miyahara Yuto , Abe Takeshi , Miyazaki Kohei
Published: July 2022

This study sought to achieve fluorine doping into the surface structure of LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O2 (NCM622) cathodes for use in lithium‐ion batteries by the atomic layer deposition method to improve structural stability and electrochemical performance. Thin‐film electrodes were used to clearly understand the fundamental effects of surface properties. Based on our observations, the oxygen vacancy that basically exists in the surface of the NCM622 thin‐film electrode triggers the additional formation of oxygen derivatives with a spinel‐like phase, leading to poor cycling stability and severe deterioration of the surface structure. Contrary, the fluorinated NCM622 thin‐film electrode exhibits improved electrochemical properties including satisfactory cycling stability, which benefits from the higher binding energy of fluorine that positively influences the stability of the surface oxygen layer by being doped into the unstable oxygen site, and thus the formation of oxygen derivative phases is successfully suppressed during electrochemical reactions.