bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Penggunaan Aplikasi Google Meet terhadap Hasil Belajar
Authors: Prisuna Bayu Fitra
Published: October 2021

Google meet merupakan sebuah aplikasi video conference yang salah satunya dapat digunakan untuk proses kegiatan belajar mengajar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh penggunaan aplikasi Google Meet terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa pada mata kuliah metodologi penelitian kuantitatif. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian pre-Eksperimen, dengan desain penelitian adalah one group pretest-posttest design. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh mahasiswa semester V pada mata kuliah metodologi penelitian kuantitatif yang berjumlah 30 orang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik total sampling. Jenis instrumen yang digunakan adalah pretest dan posttest hasil belajar berupa soal pilihan ganda. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara penggunaan aplikasi Google Meet terhadap hasil belajar mahasiswa sebesar 51.4%. Rata-rata keseluruhan hasil posttest lebih besar dibandingkan nilai rata-rata keseluruhan hasil pretest. Nilai rata-rata N-Gain score pada mahasiswa sebesar 56.9%, sehingga termasuk ke dalam kategori “cukup efektif”. Kegiatan pembelajaran mahasiswa menggunakan aplikasi Google Meet berlangsung relatif kondusif walaupun terdapat beberapa kendala seperti jaringan tidak stabil, dan kuota internet yang terbatas pada saat perkuliahan sedang berlangsung. The Effect of Using Google Meet Applications on Learning Outcomes Google meet is a video conferencing application, one of which can be used for teaching and learning activities. This study aims to determine how much influence the use of the Google Meet application has on student learning outcomes in quantitative research methodology courses. The research uses a quantitative approach with the type of pre-experimental research, with the research design being a one group pre-test-post-test design. The research population is all students in the fifth semester of the quantitative research methodology course, totalling 30 people. Sampling using total sampling technique. The type of instrument used is pre-test and post-test learning outcomes in the form of multiple-choice questions. Based on the results of research and discussion, it can be concluded that there is a significant influence between the use of the Google Meet application on student learning outcomes by 51.4%. The overall average of the post-test results is greater than the average value of the overall pre-test results. The average N-Gain score for students is 56.9%, so it is included in the "fairly effective" category. Student learning activities using the Google Meet application were relatively conducive even though there were several obstacles such as unstable networks, and limited internet quota during lecture.
The Use of Cannabinoids for Insomnia in Daily Life: Naturalistic Study
Authors: Kuhathasan Nirushi , Minuzzi Luciano , MacKillop James , Frey Benicio N
Published: October 2021

Background

Insomnia is a prevalent condition that presents itself at both the symptom and diagnostic levels. Although insomnia is one of the main reasons individuals seek medicinal cannabis, little is known about the profile of cannabinoid use or the perceived benefit of the use of cannabinoids in daily life.

Objective

We conducted a retrospective study of medicinal cannabis users to investigate the use profile and perceived efficacy of cannabinoids for the management of insomnia.

Methods

Data were collected using the Strainprint app, which allows medicinal cannabis users to log conditions and symptoms, track cannabis use, and monitor symptom severity pre- and postcannabis use. Our analyses examined 991 medicinal cannabis users with insomnia across 24,189 tracked cannabis use sessions. Sessions were analyzed, and both descriptive statistics and linear mixed-effects modeling were completed to examine use patterns and perceived efficacy.

Results

Overall, cannabinoids were perceived to be efficacious across all genders and ages, and no significant differences were found among product forms, ingestion methods, or gender groups. Although all strain categories were perceived as efficacious, predominant indica strains were found to reduce insomnia symptomology more than cannabidiol (CBD) strains (estimated mean difference 0.59, SE 0.11; 95% CI 0.36-0.81; adjusted P<.001) and predominant sativa strains (estimated mean difference 0.74, SE 0.16; 95% CI 0.43-1.06; adjusted P<.001). Indica hybrid strains also presented a greater reduction in insomnia symptomology than CBD strains (mean difference 0.52, SE 0.12; 95% CI 0.29-0.74; adjusted P<.001) and predominant sativa strains (mean difference 0.67, SE 0.16; 95% CI 0.34-1.00; adjusted P=.002).

Conclusions

Medicinal cannabis users perceive a significant improvement in insomnia with cannabinoid use, and this study suggests a possible advantage with the use of predominant indica strains compared with predominant sativa strains and exclusively CBD in this population. This study emphasizes the need for randomized placebo-controlled trials assessing the efficacy and safety profile of cannabinoids for the treatment of insomnia.
An Interactive Physical-Cognitive Game-Based Training System Using Kinect for Older Adults: Development and Usability Study
Authors: Kamnardsiri Teerawat , Phirom Kochaphan , Boripuntakul Sirinun , Sungkarat Somporn
Published: October 2021

Background

Declines in physical and cognitive functions are recognized as important risk factors for falls in older adults. Promising evidence suggests that interactive game-based systems that allow simultaneous physical and cognitive exercise are a potential approach to enhance exercise adherence and reduce fall risk in older adults. However, a limited number of studies have reported the development of a combined physical-cognitive game-based training system for fall risk reduction in older adults.

Objective

The aim of this study is to develop and evaluate the usability of an interactive physical-cognitive game-based training system (game-based exercise) for older adults.

Methods

In the development phase (Part I), a game-based exercise prototype was created by integrating knowledge and a literature review as well as brainstorming with experts on effective fall prevention exercise for older adults. The output was a game-based exercise prototype that covers crucial physical and cognitive components related to falls. In the usability testing (Part II), 5 games (ie, Fruits Hunter, Where Am I?, Whack a Mole, Sky Falls, and Crossing Poison River) with three difficulty levels (ie, beginner, intermediate, and advanced levels) were tested in 5 older adults (mean age 70.40 years, SD 5.41 years). After completing the games, participants rated their enjoyment level while engaging with the games using the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) and commented on the games. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the participants’ characteristics and PACES scores.

Results

The results showed that the average PACES score was 123 out of 126 points overall and between 6.66 and 7.00 for each item, indicating a high level of enjoyment. Positive feedback, such as praise for the well-designed interactions and user-friendly interfaces, was also provided.

Conclusions

These findings suggest that it is promising to implement an interactive, physical-cognitive game-based exercise in older adults. The effectiveness of a game-based exercise program for fall risk reduction has yet to be determined.
An Alternative to the Light Touch Digital Health Remote Study: The Stress and Recovery in Frontline COVID-19 Health Care Workers Study
Authors: Goodday Sarah M , Karlin Emma , Alfarano Alexandria , Brooks Alexa , Chapman Carol , Desille Rachelle , Rangwala Shazia , Karlin Daniel R , Emami Hoora , Woods Nancy Fugate , Boch Adrien , Foschini Luca , Wildman Mackenzie , Cormack Francesca , Taptiklis Nick , Pratap Abhishek , Ghassemi Marzyeh , Goldenberg Anna , Nagaraj Sujay , Walsh Elaine ,   Stress And Recovery Participants, Friend Stephen
Published: October 2021

Background

Several app-based studies share similar characteristics of a light touch approach that recruit, enroll, and onboard via a smartphone app and attempt to minimize burden through low-friction active study tasks while emphasizing the collection of passive data with minimal human contact. However, engagement is a common challenge across these studies, reporting low retention and adherence.

Objective

This study aims to describe an alternative to a light touch digital health study that involved a participant-centric design including high friction app-based assessments, semicontinuous passive data from wearable sensors, and a digital engagement strategy centered on providing knowledge and support to participants.

Methods

The Stress and Recovery in Frontline COVID-19 Health Care Workers Study included US frontline health care workers followed between May and November 2020. The study comprised 3 main components: (1) active and passive assessments of stress and symptoms from a smartphone app, (2) objective measured assessments of acute stress from wearable sensors, and (3) a participant codriven engagement strategy that centered on providing knowledge and support to participants. The daily participant time commitment was an average of 10 to 15 minutes. Retention and adherence are described both quantitatively and qualitatively.

Results

A total of 365 participants enrolled and started the study, and 81.0% (n=297) of them completed the study for a total study duration of 4 months. Average wearable sensor use was 90.6% days of total study duration. App-based daily, weekly, and every other week surveys were completed on average 69.18%, 68.37%, and 72.86% of the time, respectively.

Conclusions

This study found evidence for the feasibility and acceptability of a participant-centric digital health study approach that involved building trust with participants and providing support through regular phone check-ins. In addition to high retention and adherence, the collection of large volumes of objective measured data alongside contextual self-reported subjective data was able to be collected, which is often missing from light touch digital health studies.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04713111; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04713111
The Use of Cannabinoids for Insomnia in Daily Life: Naturalistic Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kuhathasan Nirushi , Minuzzi Luciano , MacKillop James , Frey Benicio N
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND

Insomnia is a prevalent condition that presents itself at both the symptom and diagnostic levels. Although insomnia is one of the main reasons individuals seek medicinal cannabis, little is known about the profile of cannabinoid use or the perceived benefit of the use of cannabinoids in daily life.

OBJECTIVE

We conducted a retrospective study of medicinal cannabis users to investigate the use profile and perceived efficacy of cannabinoids for the management of insomnia.

METHODS

Data were collected using the Strainprint app, which allows medicinal cannabis users to log conditions and symptoms, track cannabis use, and monitor symptom severity pre- and postcannabis use. Our analyses examined 991 medicinal cannabis users with insomnia across 24,189 tracked cannabis use sessions. Sessions were analyzed, and both descriptive statistics and linear mixed-effects modeling were completed to examine use patterns and perceived efficacy.

RESULTS

Overall, cannabinoids were perceived to be efficacious across all genders and ages, and no significant differences were found among product forms, ingestion methods, or gender groups. Although all strain categories were perceived as efficacious, predominant indica strains were found to reduce insomnia symptomology more than cannabidiol (CBD) strains (estimated mean difference 0.59, SE 0.11; 95% CI 0.36-0.81; adjusted P<.001) and predominant sativa strains (estimated mean difference 0.74, SE 0.16; 95% CI 0.43-1.06; adjusted P<.001). Indica hybrid strains also presented a greater reduction in insomnia symptomology than CBD strains (mean difference 0.52, SE 0.12; 95% CI 0.29-0.74; adjusted P<.001) and predominant sativa strains (mean difference 0.67, SE 0.16; 95% CI 0.34-1.00; adjusted P=.002).

CONCLUSIONS

Medicinal cannabis users perceive a significant improvement in insomnia with cannabinoid use, and this study suggests a possible advantage with the use of predominant indica strains compared with predominant sativa strains and exclusively CBD in this population. This study emphasizes the need for randomized placebo-controlled trials assessing the efficacy and safety profile of cannabinoids for the treatment of insomnia.
An Interactive Physical-Cognitive Game-Based Training System Using Kinect for Older Adults: Development and Usability Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kamnardsiri Teerawat , Phirom Kochaphan , Boripuntakul Sirinun , Sungkarat Somporn
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND

Declines in physical and cognitive functions are recognized as important risk factors for falls in older adults. Promising evidence suggests that interactive game-based systems that allow simultaneous physical and cognitive exercise are a potential approach to enhance exercise adherence and reduce fall risk in older adults. However, a limited number of studies have reported the development of a combined physical-cognitive game-based training system for fall risk reduction in older adults.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study is to develop and evaluate the usability of an interactive physical-cognitive game-based training system (game-based exercise) for older adults.

METHODS

In the development phase (Part I), a game-based exercise prototype was created by integrating knowledge and a literature review as well as brainstorming with experts on effective fall prevention exercise for older adults. The output was a game-based exercise prototype that covers crucial physical and cognitive components related to falls. In the usability testing (Part II), 5 games (ie, Fruits Hunter, Where Am I?, Whack a Mole, Sky Falls, and Crossing Poison River) with three difficulty levels (ie, beginner, intermediate, and advanced levels) were tested in 5 older adults (mean age 70.40 years, SD 5.41 years). After completing the games, participants rated their enjoyment level while engaging with the games using the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES) and commented on the games. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the participants’ characteristics and PACES scores.

RESULTS

The results showed that the average PACES score was 123 out of 126 points overall and between 6.66 and 7.00 for each item, indicating a high level of enjoyment. Positive feedback, such as praise for the well-designed interactions and user-friendly interfaces, was also provided.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings suggest that it is promising to implement an interactive, physical-cognitive game-based exercise in older adults. The effectiveness of a game-based exercise program for fall risk reduction has yet to be determined.
Emotional Tone, Analytical Thinking, and Somatosensory Processes of a Sample of Italian Tweets During the First Phases of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Monzani Dario , Vergani Laura , Pizzoli Silvia Francesca Maria , Marton Giulia , Pravettoni Gabriella
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND

The COVID-19 pandemic is a traumatic individual and collective chronic experience, with tremendous consequences on mental and psychological health that can also be reflected in people’s use of words. Psycholinguistic analysis of tweets from Twitter allows obtaining information about people’s emotional expression, analytical thinking, and somatosensory processes, which are particularly important in traumatic events contexts.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to analyze the influence of official Italian COVID-19 daily data (new cases, deaths, and hospital discharges) and the phase of managing the pandemic on how people expressed emotions and their analytical thinking and somatosensory processes in Italian tweets written during the first phases of the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy.

METHODS

We retrieved 1,697,490 Italian COVID-19–related tweets written from February 24, 2020 to June 14, 2020 and analyzed them using LIWC2015 to calculate 3 summary psycholinguistic variables: emotional tone, analytical thinking, and somatosensory processes. Official daily data about new COVID-19 cases, deaths, and hospital discharges were retrieved from the Italian Prime Minister's Office and Civil Protection Department GitHub page. We considered 3 phases of managing the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. We performed 3 general models, 1 for each summary variable as the dependent variable and with daily data and phase of managing the pandemic as independent variables.

RESULTS

General linear models to assess differences in daily scores of emotional tone, analytical thinking, and somatosensory processes were significant (F6,104=21.53, P<.001, R2= .55; F5,105=9.20, P<.001, R2= .30; F6,104=6.15, P<.001, R2=.26, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS

The COVID-19 pandemic affects how people express emotions, analytical thinking, and somatosensory processes in tweets. Our study contributes to the investigation of pandemic psychological consequences through psycholinguistic analysis of social media textual data.
A Lifestyle Intervention to Delay Early Chronic Kidney Disease in African Americans With Diabetic Kidney Disease: Pre-Post Pilot Study (Preprint)
Authors: Ozieh Mukoso N , Egede Leonard E
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND

Behavioral factors, such as lifestyle, have been shown to explain approximately 24% of the excess risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among African Americans. However, there are limited intervention studies culturally tailored to African Americans with type 2 diabetes mellitus and CKD.

OBJECTIVE

The main objective of this study was to examine the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a culturally tailored lifestyle intervention among African Americans with type 2 diabetes mellitus and CKD.

METHODS

A pre-post design was used to test the feasibility of a lifestyle intervention in 30 African American adults recruited from the Medical University of South Carolina between January 2017 and February 2017. A research nurse delivered the manualized study intervention weekly for 6 weeks. Clinical outcomes (hemoglobin A1c, blood pressure, and estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR]) were measured at baseline and postintervention. Disease knowledge, self-care, and behavior outcomes were also measured using validated structured questionnaires at baseline and postintervention. Descriptive statistics and effect sizes were calculated to determine clinically important changes from baseline.

RESULTS

Significant pre-post mean differences and decreases were observed for hemoglobin A1c (mean 0.75%, 95% CI 0.16-1.34; P=.01), total cholesterol (mean 16.38 mg/dL, 95% CI 5.82-26.94; P=.004), low-density lipoprotein (mean 13.73 mg/dL, 95% CI 3.91-23.54; P=.008), and eGFR (mean 6.73 mL/min/1.73m2, 95% CI 0.97-12.48; P=.02). Significant pre-post mean differences and increases were observed for CKD self-efficacy (mean −11.15, 95% CI −21.55 to −0.75; P=.03), CKD knowledge (mean −2.62, 95% CI −3.98 to −1.25; P<.001), exercise behavior (mean −1.21, 95% CI −1.96 to −0.46; P=.003), and blood sugar testing (mean −2.15, 95% CI −3.47 to −0.83; P=.003).

CONCLUSIONS

This study provides preliminary data for a large-scale appropriately powered randomized controlled trial to examine a culturally tailored lifestyle intervention in African Americans with type 2 diabetes mellitus and CKD in order to improve clinical, knowledge, self-care, and behavior outcomes in this population.
Correction: The Potential of Digital Data Collection Tools for Long-lasting Insecticide-Treated Net Mass Campaigns in Nigeria: Formative Study (Preprint)
Authors: Jo Youngji , Barthel Nathan , Stierman Elizabeth , Clifton Kathryn , Pak Esther Semee , Ezeiru Sonachi , Ekweremadu Diwe , Onugu Nnaemeka , Ali Zainab , Egwu Elijah , Akoh Ochayi , Uzunyayla Orkan , Van Hulle Suzanne
Published: October 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

REMOVE
A Decentralized, Secure, Peer-to-Peer Multi-Voting System on Ethereum Blockchain
Authors: Pandey Ashmita
Published: October 2021

Abstract: A decentralised, Secure, Peer-to-Peer Multi-Voting System on Ethereum Blockchain is a distributed ledger technology (DLT) that permits virtual votes to be transacted in a peer-to-peer decentralized network. Those transactions are validated and registered through every node of the network, so creating a transparent and immutable series of registered events whose truthfulness is supplied through a consensus protocol. Smart contract automates the execution of agreement that runs routinely as soon as the conditions are satisfied. Smart contract would not need any third parties consequently prevents time loss. By Eliminating the requirement for third parties, consequently, allows numerous processes to be extra efficient and economical. The system is secure, reliable, and anonymous. Smart contract is enforced for the Ethereum network using the Ethereum wallets and also the Solidity language. Users are capable of submit their votes immediately from their Ethereum wallets, and those transaction requests is handled with the consensus of each single Ethereum node. This creates a transparent environment for evoting. A lot of concerning efficiency of the peer-to-peer decentralized electoral system on Ethereum network along with application and the outcomes of implementation are provided in this paper. Keywords: Blockchain, Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT), Consensus Protocol, Smart Contracts, Ethereum, Solidity
Crime Analysis and Prediction Using Data Mining and Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Kaur Jasmeet
Published: October 2021

Abstract: With the increase in crime rates across the world, it has become important for the Government and crime handling agencies to control the situation as it has put every person in distress. This paper is an attempt to systematically analyze and identify the crime trends across the years, the inter-state relations based on crime rates and categories through the data available, which will help in predicting the crime trends in future and will be instrumental for the Government to take informed actions and improve the country’s situation. This paper applies various data mining techniques in order to analyze the crime records in India. The results of analysis have been compared for various algorithms in the domain of Association Rule Mining, Clustering, Outlier Analysis, Regression and Classification. The paper also attempts to predict the future occurrences of crimes using classification and regression algorithms which use data mining techniques . Keywords: Crime Analysis, Data Mining, Association Rule Mining, Clustering, outlier Analysis, Classification, Regression
Smart LIFI based Parking System
Authors: M Sivasankari
Published: October 2021

Abstract: A major issue in public places like shopping malls, museums and hospitals is parking. Parking is the main service used by the people in these private units. The management of these public units invests more time and money in designing parking systems. Existing parking systems are equipped with appropriate sensors and controllers to count the parked cars automatically, but it does not indicate empty parking slots. These systems consume more power and tend to wireless interference. The proposed system, namely, Visible Light Communication based Smart Parking System introduces Visible Light Communication, a data communication technology using a low power Arduino Uno – Atmega328microcontroller to help drivers to get real-time parking information. Real-time information on free parking slots helps drivers to save time and reduce fuel consumption. Visible Light Communication (VLC) or Li Fi or Optical Wireless technology means the wireless data transfer using LED. Wireless interference is greatly reduced by using VLC. The proposed system is suitable for multiple floor buildings, which involves data gathering from parking side modules integrated in multiple floors of the building. Parking side modules continuously collects the data and intimates the module integrated in the vehicle section. The module in the vehicle section interfaces a GSM modem to send the detected information to the user mobile. The result of the proposed system is validated in an indoor environment. Keywords: LED, LI-FI, WI-FI
Effective Modes of Pre-Sowing Treatment of Sunfl ower Seeds in an Electric Field of Alternating Voltage
Authors:   Volgograd State Agricultural University, Yudaev Igor V. , Volobuev Sergey V. , Khanin Yuriy I. , Ivushkin Denis S.
Published: October 2021

Sunflower is the main oilseed crop in Russia and serves as a raw material for the production of vegetable oil. In order to increase field germination, plant safety, increase the yield and oil content of seeds, chemical and biological preparations are used that are not completely absorbed by plants and remain in the soil, where they accumulate and have a negative impact on the environment. To increase the conditioned qualities of seeds, electrophysical methods of their pre-sowing treatment are used, which accelerate the processes of germination in the seed and suppress the pathogenic microflora. Depending on the morphological features of the seed structure, it is necessary to set the processing modes for each culture, in which the greatest technological effect is achieved. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in studying the effect of the electric field of alternating voltage of industrial frequency 50 Hertz on the laboratory germination of sunflower hybrid seeds and searching for effective treatment modes. (Materials and methods) The SKAT-70 device was used as a source of high alternating voltage, the seeds were placed in a chamber between the electrodes, which, after processing, were placed in Petri dishes and germinated in a thermostat. (Results and discussion) The electric field strength in the experiments varied from 2 to 10 kilovolts per centimeter, in increments of 2 kilovolts per centimeter, and the seed treatment time from 15 to 105 seconds with an interval of 15 seconds. At a voltage of 2 kilovolts per centimeter, laboratory germination increased slightly, the maximum values were achieved at a voltage of 6-8 kilovolts per centimeter and the exposure time was from 60 to 90 seconds. (Conclusions) Effective processing modes are processing during 90 seconds at an electric field strength of 6 kilovolts per centimeter, and processing during 60 seconds at a voltage of 8 kilovolts per centimeter.
On the Issue of Storing Seed Grain in a Vacuum Container
Authors:   Ryazan State Agrotechnological University named after P.A. Kostychev, Latyshenok Mikhail B. , Makarov Valentin A. , Latyshenok Nadezhda M. , Slobodskova Anastasiya A.
Published: October 2021

The article presents a fundamentally new technology for storing seed material in conditions typical for small and medium-sized farms. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in studying a container with a controlled air and gas environment in it. (Materials and methods) The article presents studies in order to obtain initial data for calculating the volume of the carbon dioxide storage tank using an original laboratory installation consisting of a sealed container with a vacuum gauge mounted on the lid. The process of seed respiration is characterized by the respiratory coefficient Kd, which is determined by the ratio of the volume of carbon dioxide released to the volume of oxygen absorbed in the air. (Results and discussion) During the aerobic respiration of seeds in the container, the composition of the air in the intergranular space is constantly changing, while the content of carbon dioxide increases and oxygen decreases. When determining the mass of the air medium, it is possible to obtain an expression that obeys the Mendeleev - Klayperon equation for an ideal gas for external climatic conditions, on the basis of which it is possible to calculate the mass content of carbon dioxide in the air mixture. (Conclusions) The article recommends the technology of storing seed grain in a sealed container with a controlled air environment and a system of forced aeration of the grain mass. It is necessary to create and maintain a vacuum of the air mixture in the working volume of the sealed container within 0.66 MPa. The forced aeration of the grain embankment should be started when the oxygen content in the air mixture located in the carbon dioxide storage tank exceeds 7 percent.
Methods of Laboratory Studies of the Star Draining Tillage Working Body
Authors:   Tver State Agricultural Academy, Blinov Filipp L. , Kudryavtsev Andrey V.
Published: October 2021

At the moment, the issue of creating and positioning tools for deep loosening of the subsurface layer and the formation of aeration drainage has been studied in detail. The modern market offers many different tools for deep loosening or moling, but according to the analysis of machines and tools, as well as promising developments presented in the form of patents, we can say that there are no systems capable of performing deep loosening and drainage operations together. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in creating a fundamentally new star-shaped design of a draining tillage working body that will be able to form an optimal water-air regime of the soil due to the formation of maximum aeration drainage per unit area, with simultaneous loosening of the subsurface horizon, excluding over-compaction of the near-drainage zone as part of the soil-forming system. (Materials and methods) To simulate the operation process, predict and identify the optimal parameters and operating modes, as well as to bring the developed working body to field testing, it is necessary to conduct a number of laboratory experiments and studies. The article presents the scheme of the laboratory installation and described the principle of its operation. (Results and discussion) The article presents a full factor experiment with three factors and three levels of variation in three-fold repetition to assess the influence of existing factors on the operation of the star-shaped drainage working body, the quality of the treatment of the subsurface horizon and the formation of drains, the interaction of factors with each other, as well as creation a mathematical model of the process of combined tillage, including the processes of deep loosening and aeration drainage. (Conclusions) The proposed method will allow us to more accurately and systematically identify the optimal parameters and modes of operation of the body, based on changes in the optimization parameters.
The Fermionic Quantum Emulator
Authors: Rubin Nicholas C. , Gunst Klaas , White Alec , Freitag Leon , Throssell Kyle , Chan Garnet Kin-Lic , Babbush Ryan , Shiozaki Toru
Published: October 2021

The fermionic quantum emulator (FQE) is a collection of protocols for emulating quantum dynamics of fermions efficiently taking advantage of common symmetries present in chemical, materials, and condensed-matter systems. The library is fully integrated with the OpenFermion software package and serves as the simulation backend. The FQE reduces memory footprint by exploiting number and spin symmetry along with custom evolution routines for sparse and dense Hamiltonians, allowing us to study significantly larger quantum circuits at modest computational cost when compared against qubit state vector simulators. This release paper outlines the technical details of the simulation methods and key advantages.
Emergencia de variante Delta- B.1.617.2. Su impacto potencial en la evolución de la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Lopez Mora Dr. Eduardo , Espinoza Dr. Jorge , Dabanch Dra. Jeannette , Cruz Dr. Rodrigo
Published: October 2021

Se describe hasta la fecha de hoy, 4 de julio del 2021, la evidencia existente sobre la variante Delta del SARS-CoV-2, su impacto en la trasmisión, en la severidad de la infección y su probable evasión a la respuesta inmune.
Dosis de refuerzo de vacuna SARS CoV-2 para la prevención de COVID-19: Desafío en un escenario con incertezas
Authors: Lopez Mora,  Dr. Rodrigo Cruz Dr. Eduardo , Espinoza Dr. Jorge , Espinoza Dr. Jorge , Dabanch Dra. Jeannette , Dabanch Dra. Jeannette , Cruz Dr. Rodrigo , Cruz Dr. Rodrigo
Published: October 2021

Al 16 de julio pasado existían 108 vacunas en etapa clínica de desarrollo, 28 de ellas con estudios en fase III y 6 autorizadas por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) según datos publicados al 3 de junio (AstraZeneca/Oxford, Johnson and Johnson/Janssen, Moderna, Pfizer/BionTech, Sinopharm, Sinovac) (1,2).  A la vez, las entidades regulatorias como la FDA (Food and Drugs Agency) y la EMA (European Medicine Agency) han autorizado para uso de emergencia las vacunas de los productores Pfizer/BioNTech, Moderna, AstraZeneca y Janssen (3) y en Chile el Instituto de Salud Pública ha autorizado 6 vacunas (Pfizer, CoronaVac, Astrazeneca, CanSino, Janssen, Sputnik).En las últimas semanas, en el contexto de la preocupante propagación de la variante Delta (B.1.617.2) del SARS-CoV-2, la compañía Pfizer solicitó a la FDA la autorización para la administración de una dosis de refuerzo (booster) con su vacuna  BNT162b2 , luego de que el análisis interino de datos provenientes de la población vacunada en Israel mostrará una reducción significativa de los anticuerpos neutralizantes a los seis meses de completado el esquema primario, solicitud que generó debate en la comunidad científica.  Hasta ahora los datos disponibles sobre eficacia de la vacuna BNT162b2 en escenario de circulación de variantes sugieren que continúa siendo altamente efectiva (4,5). Los estudios para definir la eventual necesidad de una dosis de refuerzo a diferentes esquemas primarios están en etapas de reclutamiento inicial en varios países.
Comparison of Renal Parenchymal Enhancement Using Different Concentration of Iodinated Contrast Media in MDCT
Authors: Niraj Kumar Sah , Mr. Shashi Kumar Shetty
Published: October 2021

Many investigators have described comparisons of contrast media with different iodine concentrations in the enhancement of multiple organs and vessels on CT scans. Contrary to other solid organs, the kidney excretes waste products, including contrast media, via the cortex, medulla, and pelvicalyceal system. For the kidney, there are characteristic enhancing techniques such as the use of the arterial phase for cortex and venous phase for medullary during contrast CT imaging. In our study, we compared the degree of renal parenchymal enhancement in the Hounsfield Unit (HU) by the use of 350 and 370 mg I/ml in contrast enhanced computed tomography (CECT) abdomen at the origin of renal artery of right and left Kidney in the arterial phase for both groups. The comparison of renal parenchymal enhancement between the A group and B group showed that the renal parenchymal enhancement is higher in B group. This was a prospective randomized study in which 116 participants were allocated in two groups using the random convenience sampling method. The subjects were divided into two groups; Group A (350 mgI/ml and Group B (370 mgI/ml). All data were analyzed by an independent t-test to obtain the mean difference between all the variables using 350 mgI/ml and 370mgI/ml. Quantitative data like age, height, weight, Body Mass Index(BMI), pulse rate, creatinine, flow rate, contrast volume, and ejection fraction were presented as mean and standard deviation using an independent t-test. Qualitative data like gender was presented as a percentage. P-value was calculated using an independent t-test. P-value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Data were analyzed by statistical Package for Social Science version 20.0 (IBM corporation, New York, 2014). Analyzing the data using the independent-test revealed that differences between the two groups were found to be statistically significant (P=0.029). The comparison of renal parenchymal enhancement between the A group and B group showed that the renal parenchymal enhancement is higher in the B group with a t = -2.213 and is statistically significant (P = 0.029). Non-ionic contrast medium of concentration 370 mg I/ml showed higher mean renal parenchyma peak enhancement as compared to 350 mg I/ml. Further, our study showed that the renal parenchymal enhancement pattern between A group and B group was affected by weight, BMI, and pulse rate and contrast volume.
Diagnostic Range Ionizing Radiation and Reactive Oxygen Species Production: an Initial Experience
Authors: Shikha Sirohi  , Prof. Anupama Tandon  , Prof. B.D. Banerjee  , Ranjeet Kumar
Published: October 2021

Radiation is a common  occurrence in our daily lives that comes from both natural and man-made sources.  Ionizing Radiation (IR) causes damage either directly or indirectly through  the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxidative damage to  DNA, lipids, proteins, and many metabolites occurs  through  a complex series of processes  that  are  enhanced  by endogenous  signalling which is activated by free radicals. Though literature is abundant on ROS and antioxidants at high doses, no  study to  the  best  of our  knowledge has assessed  the  ROS levels after Multi Detector Computed Tomography  (MDCT) examination (i.e.  in  diagnostic range  radiation). The  aim  of the  present   study  was to  assess  the  production of ROS after diagnostic level radiation by MDCT examination and at 24 hour follow up. The study involved fifty patients posted  for clinically indicated MDCT which were recruited.  The average radiation dose was 2-9 mGy. Three  blood samples were drawn, one prior to CT (control sample), within half an hour of CT (post CT) and 24 hrs after CT. 3 ml venous blood was withdrawn in aseptic conditions  and  immediately  serum  was  isolated  for  ROS  assessment.  The  blood  examination  results  were  compared   in immediate  and  post  24  hour  after  MDCT  and  both  were  compared   with  control  values  and  correlated  with  radiation parameters. Our  results  have shown a significant increase in ROS level in immediate post  CT samples compared  to prior CT scan samples (control) (p value <0.0001). The ROS levels reduced  at 24 hours compared  to immediate post CT, however  they were  still higher than  control values.  Our  findings  reflect that  there  is a rapid  increase in free radicals production in the mitochondria after diagnostic level radiation. Detection of higher ROS levels at 24 hours  suggests incomplete repair with the presence  of some residual oxidative species at 24 hours.
Ethno pharmacological Efficiency of Andrographis Paniculata against Tuber Rot Disease of Manihot Esculenta (Cassava)
Authors: Palani Ruba  , Edward Gnanaraj Wesely  , Albert Hannah Selvakumari  , Michael Helan Soundra Rani
Published: October 2021

Cassava is a chief and energy rich carbohydrates  food, which might be the reason many parasitic fungi adhere within the  plant that  causes huge damage to  the crop  during the  post  harvesting stage or  storage  period. In the  present  study, the ethno-based possible eradication of parasitic fungi was highlighted. Andrographis paniculata Burm. f. Nees and Stachytarpheta indica were  chosen  for  its popular  medicinal  values  and  the  phytochemical contents  were  characterized.  Its  potency  showed  an inhibitory effects against tuber  rot  disease causing fungal pathogens viz., Rhizopus sp, Mucor sp., Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium oxysporum in Cassava by disc – diffusion methods. The diameter of the zone of inhibition at various concentrations (2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10 w/v) of leaf extracts  was observed  with the  maximum in  A. paniculata (20mm with 10 w/v conc.) against Fusarium  oxysporum  followed  by A.  niger  (17mm  at  10w/v conc.). The  preliminary  phytochemical screening  of  Andrographis paniculata revealed the presence  of phytoconstituents like alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, and tannins. In GCMS analysis, Benzene,1,2,3-trimethoxy-5-(2-propenyl)-, Cyclopenta [c] pyran-4-carboxylic acid, 7-methyl-, methyl ester  and 9,12,15- Octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester,  (Z, Z, Z)- covered the high areas, that might be responsible or can possess the antifungal activity against Tuber root  rot causing fungal pathogens. Furthermore,  extensive studies are recommended  to characterize each compound  in the  crude  extracts  of  A.  paniculata  to  enhance or  to  acclaim  remedy for  various  diseases  in plants. This study reveals the acknowledgement of the medicinal plant A. paniculata for its remarkable organic or eco-friendly fungicide potential against cassava tuber rot diseases.
Apresentação
Authors: Renato Jorge Silvio , Ribeiro Margarida Calafate
Published: October 2021

Apresentação à Abril 27.
A GEOGRAFIA DAS REDES DE SUPERMERCADO
Authors: Brant Oliveira Laysa Camilla , Marília Pereira Anete
Published: October 2021

Nas cidades médias e pequenas a atração de novos empreendimentos econômicos ligados ao consumo, como os supermercados, potencializam a compreensão da produção do espaço urbano na contemporaneidade. Torna-se importante analisar as decisões locacionais desses empreendimentos e as transformações espaciais que eles acarretam. Nessa perspectiva, o presente artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre a instalação de supermercados, integrantes de redes reconhecidas em nível estadual ou nacional, no Norte de Minas Gerais. Para tanto, utilizou-se uma metodologia baseada em análise bibliográfica sobre a dinâmica urbana-regional e a estratégia locacional; pesquisa de dados secundários em sites das redes de supermercados; uso do Google Earth para identificar os estabelecimentos e; elaboração de mapas. Como resultado, verificou-se que esses supermercados ao se instalarem em determinado local buscam atrair consumidores intra e interurbanos, promovendo maior conexão entre municípios.
Transversalidade emancipatória: imbricações autoformativas e autobiográficas
Authors: Souza Izanete Marques , Almeida Eliana do Sacramento de , Souza Antônio José de
Published: October 2021

Este artigo apresenta a continuidade da análise de uma entrevista narrativa autobiográfica , realizada com uma professora do Ensino Fundamental, da rede municipal do sertão baiano. Utilizando-nos da análise de conteúdo de Bardin à luz das publicações vigentes ampliamos as formas de comprovação de que a autoformação implica num processo antropológico de abordagem transcultural, ou seja, não é um processo individual, mas sim um processo de interação entre as diversas culturas a que o indivíduo tem acesso; que formação docente, em sua maioria não capacita o professor para o trabalho com o multiculturalismo crítico e transformador também denominado de interculturalismo; que a vivência de situações de preconceito marcou profundamente a vida pessoal e profissional da entrevistada. Acrescenta-se ainda que a transversalidade emancipatória dos sujeitos está vinculada a sua visão de mundo, portanto, a sua concepção cultural dos fatos sociais no momento presente, por isso, neste artigo, analisaremos as categorias: educação de jovens e adultos (EJA); negritude; preconceito. Conclui-se então que ainda há muito que se avançar para o enraizamento dos princípios e consequente institucionalização das práticas transversais e interdisciplinares no processo de formação dos sujeitos.
The interaction between metabolic rate, habitat choice, and resource use in a polymorphic freshwater species
Authors: Andersson Matilda , Scharnweber Kristin , Eklöv Peter
Published: October 2021

1. Resource polymorphism is common across taxa and can result in
alternate ecotypes with specific morphologies, feeding modes, and
behaviours that increase performance in a specific habitat. This can
result in high intraspecific variation in the expression of specific
traits and the extent to which these traits are correlated within a
single population. Although metabolic rate influences resource
aquisition and the overall pace of life of individuals it is not clear
how metabolic rate interact with the larger suite of traits to
ultimately determine individual fitness. 2. We examined the relationship
between metabolic rates and the major differences (habitat use,
morphology, and resource use) between littoral and pelagic ecotypes of
European perch (Perca fluviatilis) from a single lake in Central Sweden.
3. Standard metabolic rate (SMR) was significantly higher in pelagic
perch but did not correlate with resource use or morphology. Maximum
metabolic rate (MMR) was not correlated with any of our explanatory
variables or with SMR. Aerobic scope (AS) showed the same pattern as
SMR, differing across habitats, but contrary to expectations, was lower
in pelagic perch. 4. This study helps to establish a framework for
future experiments further exploring the drivers of intraspecific
differences in metabolism. In addition, since metabolic rates scale with
temperature and determine predator energy requirements, our observed
differences in SMR across habitats will help determine ecotype-specific
vulnerabilities to climate change and differences in top-down predation
pressure across habitats.
Is care of stillborn babies and their parents respectful? Results from an international online survey
Authors: Atkins Bethany , Blencowe Hannah , Boyle Fran , Sacks Emma , Horey Dell , Flenady Vicki
Published: October 2021

Objective To quantify parents’ experiences of respectful care around
stillbirth globally. Design Multi-country, online, cross-sectional
survey. Setting and Population Self-identified bereaved parents (n=3769)
of stillborn babies from 44 high- and middle-income countries. Methods
Parents’ perspectives of 7 aspects of care quality, factors associated
with respectful care, and 7 bereavement care practices were compared
across geographical regions using descriptive statistics. Respectful
care was compared between country income groups using multivariable
logistic regression. Main Outcome Measures Self-reported experience of
care around the time of stillbirth Results A quarter (25.4%) of 3769
respondents reported disrespectful care after stillbirth and 23.5%
reported disrespectful care of their baby. Gestation <30
weeks, and primiparity were associated with disrespect. Reported
respectful care was lower in middle-income countries (MICs) than in
high-income countries (HICs) (aOR=0.35, 95%CI (0.29-0.42), p
<0.01). In many countries, aspects of care quality need
improvement, such as ensuring families have enough time with providers.
Participating respondents from Latin America and Southern Europe
reported lower satisfaction across all aspects of care quality compared
to Northern Europe. Unmet need for memory-making activities in MICs is
high. Conclusions Despite improvements, many parents still experience
disrespectful care around stillbirth. The gap between parents’ access to
memory-making activities in MICs and HICs needs urgent attention.
Tweetable abstract A quarter of parents of stillborn babies experience
disrespectful care. There is global unmet need for memory-making
activities