bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
H2O2 /pH dual-responsive biomimetic nanoenzyme drugs delivery system for enhanced tumor photodynamic therapy
Authors: Li Xinyuan , Ji Qing , Yan Chao , Yan Zhihui , Wang Yisen , Song Li
Published: August 2022

Phototherapy has been recognized as a photochemical process to treat tumor via induce cancer cells necrosis and death, with minimal invasiveness, higher selectivity and few side effects. However, the therapy effects of phototherapy are often compromised by the hypoxia, high levels of hydrogen peroxide and glutathione of tumor microenvironment (TME). Therefore, we constructed a catalase-like activity bionic metal-organic framework drugs delivery system (FA-EM@MnO2/ZIF-8/ICG) with tumor microenvironment controllable releasing. In this system, photosensitizer Indocyanine Green (ICG) was introduced into zeolite imidazole salt skeleton 8 (ZIF-8) by one-step methods, forming ZIF-8/ICG nano-platform, which can effectively avoid ICG-induced phototoxicity and aggregation-induced quenching during transport. MnO2 with catalase-like activity was coated on the surface of ZIF-8/ICG nano-platform, which made it have the ability of self-supplying O2 under the condition of H2O2 in TME. Exposure under near-infrared light can alleviate the anoxic TME, thus improving the phototherapy efficiency. In addition, folate-functionalized erythrocyte membrane is coated on the surface of MnO2/ZIF-8/ICG, which can endow FA-EM@MnO2/ZIF-8/ICG with the ability of targeted drug administration and immune elimination avoidance. Therefore, FA-EM@MnO2/ZIF-8/ICG nano-platform has the catalase-like activity, which can alleviate the oxidative stress state of TME and provide a beneficial environment for photodynamic therapy of tumor.
Doppler-free dual-excited state spectroscopy and its application for measurement of hyperfine structure of 6D5/2 level of133 Cs
Authors: Yang Baodong , Gou Zhiyu , Wang Junmin , Zhou Haitao
Published: August 2022

Based on cesium 6S1/2 − 6P3/2 − 6D5/2 (852 nm + 917 nm) ladder-type system, we simultaneously obtain the Doppler-free saturated absorption spectroscopy (SAS) of the 6S1/2 − 6P3/2 transition and optical-optical double resonance (OODR) spectroscopy of the 6P3/2 − 6D5/2 transition when the frequency of 852 nm laser is scanned over the 6S1/2 − 6P3/2 transition while keeping the 917 nm laser resonant on the 6P3/2 − 6D5/2 transition. The SAS as a frequency scale is used to measure the frequency intervals of hyperfine splitting of the 6D5/2 excited state via the OODR spectra. With the measured values of hyperfine splitting, the hyperfine coupling constants of the 6D5/2 state are determined as magnetic dipole Ahfs = -4.60 (5) MHz and electric quadrupole Bhfs = 0.23 (47) MHz, which are consistent with previous results. A simple and self-calibration method of measuring the unknown hyperfine structure of an atomic excited state using its own known hyperfine splitting of another state is demonstrated without the aid of any extra frequency calibration tools.
Effects of scallop visceral mass and mantle as dietary supplements on the physiology, immune response and intestinal microflora of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus
Authors: Yu Yu , Wang Mengshu , Ren Yichao , Wang Xin , Ge Xiangyun , Li Kecheng
Published: August 2022

To find a way to reuse scallop visceral mass and mantle, these aquatic byproducts were used as dietary supplementation and their effects on sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicas culture were investigated, including the growth performance, fatty acid and amino acid compositions, non-specific immune responses and intestinal microflora. The results indicated that the specific growth rate (SGR) of A. japonicas was significantly improved within 20 days by dietary supplementation of scallop visceral mass. Scallop visceral mass supplementation also markedly increased the contents of ω-3 fatty acids including EPA and DHA and ω-3/ω-6 ratio of sea cucumber tissue, which is beneficial to the health of sea cucumber and its commercial value. Furthermore, it is found that supplementation of scallop visceral mass and mantle both enhanced the non-specific immunity and optimized the composition of intestinal microflora of A. japonicas by increasing microbial diversity and promoting the abundance of beneficial taxa. This study reveals the promising prospect of high-value utilization of these scallop “wastes” in sea cucumber culture industry.
Health risk of consuming Sphoeroides spp. from the Navachiste Lagoon Complex due to its trace metals and organochlorine pesticides content
Authors: Armenta Gabriela Muñoz , Pérez-González Ernestina , Rodríguez-Meza Guadalupe Durga , González-Ocampo Hector Abelardo
Published: August 2022

The Navachiste complex (NAV) is impacted by neighbored human activities and is located in the southwestern coastal zone of the Gulf of California. The study determines the trace metal (TM) and organochlorine pesticides (OCP) health risk content in the edible tissue of Sphoeroides spp. from NAV. The daily intakes (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), hazard index (HI), and carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks were calculated. Twenty OCP and seven TM were detected with the following trend for TM: Zn > Fe > Pb > Ni > Mn > Cu > Cd. Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn were above MRLs. The γ‒Chlordane was the most frequent OCP. The highest average concentration was for α‒HCH, followed by γ‒chlordane. With the high ratios of γ‒HCH, p, p'‒ DDD and p, p'‒DDD, and the absence of p, p'‒ DDT, the higher ratios for dieldrin and endrin than for aldrin, α‒ chlordane, γ‒chlordane, heptachlor, and heptachlor epoxide indicates historical contamination. In contrast, the residual products of methoxychlor, endosulfan, and its isomers indicate endosulfan's recent use. The TM EDI, THQ > 1 (at 120 g day-1), and the ILCR (> 1 × 10-6) were above minimum levels, showing a high-risk potential for cancer development in the long term.
Assess the performance of microstructural and optoelectronic properties of dual porous silicon decorated by ZrO 2 /Al 2 O 3 nanoparticles
Authors: Ghrib Mondher , Alenizi Maha A. , Zaghdoudi Mariem , Dimassi Wisem , Ghrib Taher , Gaidi Mounir , Ouertani Rachid , Ezzaouia Hatem
Published: August 2022

Nanoparticles of Al2O3 and ZrO2 were deposited in dual Silicon nanopores by chemical vapor deposition (CVD).This work presents a study of the integration effect of the alumina nanoparticle on morphological and opto-electronic properties of a porous Sidp/ZrO2 composite. Various techniques have been used such as scanning electron microscope, energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction, spectroscopic ellipsommetry and impedance analyzer techniques for coroled between morpho-structural and opto-electronic properties. After correlating the opto microstructural and electrical properties, we find this process simple, easy and efficient to produce high quality Sidp/ZrO2/Al2O3 thin films for optoelectronic applications.
Mutual Diffusivities of Binary Mixtures of Water and Poly(ethylene) Glycol from Heterodyne Dynamic Light Scattering
Authors: Wu Wenchang , Supper Malvina , Rausch Michael Heinrich , Kaspereit Malte , Fröba Andreas Paul
Published: August 2022

In the present study, the mutual diffusivity D11 in binary mixtures of water with technical polydisperse poly(ethylene) glycol (PEG) blends with molar masses of (1000, 4000, or 6000) g⋅mol−1 as well as with a purified monodisperse PEG homolog with a polymerization number of 21 and a molar mass of 943 g⋅mol−1 was investigated by heterodyne dynamic light scattering (DLS) as a function of temperature and/or PEG concentration. The measured D11 for technical PEG 1000 and pure PEG 943 match within the experimental uncertainties and agree well with the available literature data. D11 decreases with increasing molar mass of the PEGs at constant temperature and weight fraction. For the technical PEG 4000, it could be shown that D11 increases with increasing temperature and exhibits a non-linear concentration dependence. This study demonstrates that heterodyne DLS can be applied for the reliable determination of D11 of aqueous solutions of PEGs over a broad range of PEG weight fractions from 0.01 up to the solubility limit with an average expanded uncertainty (k = 2) of 5.5%. Moreover, the results show that monodisperse PEGs are suitable model systems for studying the diffusion behavior of bimodal and also multimodal particulate systems.
Renal Trauma in Pediatric Patients Transferred to Tertiary Care Center
Authors: LaCouture Hunter , Sandridge Brionna , Halstead Valeska , Sevick Carter , Beltran Gemma , Vemulakonda Vijaya M.
Published: August 2022

PURPOSE:Patients with traumatic kidney injuries often require transfer to tertiary trauma centers. The purpose of our study is to describe the outcomes of pediatric patients who were transferred from an outside hospital versus those presenting initially to our level 1 pediatric trauma center.METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of patients 0-18 years-olds seen at our level 1 pediatric trauma center following acute renal trauma after external trauma of any AAST grade and any mechanism of injury. Data collected included clinical complications, number of follow-up visits, long-term sequelae, and imaging techniques used. Statistical analyses using Fisher’s Exact and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed. RESULTS:26 transferred and 9 non-transferred patients met inclusion criteria. There were no statistically significant differences in repeat imaging, immediate complications, follow-up visits, or long-term adverse outcomes for transferred vs. non-transferred patients. When comparing patients who transferred <50 miles versus >=50 miles, there was a non-significant increase in immediate complications in the >=50 miles group. CONCLUSIONS: Transferred patients receive similar radiation exposure and may not be at increased risk for immediate or long-term complications. Future studies are needed to determine optimal criteria for transfer of renal trauma pediatric patients to level 1 trauma centers.
Extrathyroidal extension of primary lesion influences thyroid cancer outcomes
Authors: Shi Wanying , Wang Miao , Dong Liyan , Li Fuxin , He Xianghui , Li Xue , Sun Danyang , Zheng Xiangqian , Jia Qiang , Tan Jian , Zheng Wei , Li Ning , Xu Ke , Meng Zhaowei
Published: August 2022

Aims: Extrathyroidal extension (ETE) is a determined factor of T3 and T4 stage of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) in American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC). We aimed to compare clinical outcomes between different extent of ETE according to tumor size.Methods: Patients diagnosed with DTC were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database from 2004 to 2015. They were categorized into two groups by presence of lymph node metastases (LNM) or distant metastases (DM): group A: no presence of LNM and DM, group B: presence of LNM or DM. Each group was further divided into four groups according to tumor size: £1cm, 1-2cm, 2-4cm, >4cm. ETE was divided into three groups by the extent: no ETE, microscopic ETE, and macroscopic ETE. Kaplan–Meier method and log-rank test were used to analyze cancer-specific survival (CSS).Results: 91975 patients were included. In group A and B, for tumor size £1cm, there was no significant difference in CSS between no ETE and microscopic ETE, while significant difference was observed between no ETE and macroscopic ETE. For tumor size >1cm, there were significant differences in CSS (both no ETE vs micro ETE and no ETE vs macro ETE).Conclusions: We suggests that when tumor size is more than 1cm, micro ETE is significantly associated with poorer outcome. T3 and T4 stage may take account into tumor size rather than merely based on the presence and extent of ETE. It may be prudent to revisit the omission of micro ETE in TNM staging
Reliability of Web-Based Version of OSDI-6 Questionnaire in a Chinese Adult Population
Authors: Qin Guanghao , Moutari Salissou , He Xingru , Yu Sile , Wu Yi , Zhang Qing , Bu Shaochong , Moore Jonathan E , He Wei , Pazo Emmanuel Eric , Xu Ling
Published: August 2022

Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of the Chinese translation version of OSDI-6 questionnaire for dry eye.
Methods
A total of 270 participants (136 males, 50.4% and 134 females, 49.6%) with a mean age of 28.22 ± 9.01 years were assessed, diagnosed under the criteria put forth by Dry eye workshop (DEWS) completed the Chinese translated version of the OSDI-12 questionnaire (C-OSDI-12). Validity and psychometric properties were analyzed using the study data on the selected items (a new approach called virtual validation). For implementation in the new, shorter C-OSDI-6 questionnaire, 6 items were extracted from the C-OSDI-12 as suggested by the authors of OSDI-6 and compared. Demographic characteristics, validity of total score were evaluated with Spearman rank correlation and Rasch analysis.
Results
The total scores of C-OSDI-12 and C-OSDI-6 were 30.27 ± 13.19 and 6.95 ± 3.53 respectively. Significant reliability was found between total C-OSDI-6 score and total C-OSDI-12 score (r = 0.865, p < 0.001). Infits and outfits of the C-OSDI-6 were between 1.26 and 0.78.
Conclusion
The C-OSDI-6 proved to be valid, and psychometrically responsive in Chinese adult dry eye participants. The findings of this virtual validation study need to be confirmed in a longitudinal validation study on the real-world use.
Thermal Modeling and Simulation on Single Flash Geothermal Power Plant Involving Non-Condensable Gas: Case Study Kamojang Geothermal Field in Garut, West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Sufyana Candra Mecca , Akbar Fiki Taufik , Srigut Wahyu
Published: August 2022

The presence of non-condensable gases (NCG) in a geothermal fluid disrupts the vacuum process in the condenser, reducing turbine efficiency, and decreasing the total power output of the geothermal power plant (GPP). Therefore, to optimize the thermodynamic efficiency of GPP, NCG should be removed with a gas removal system. The main objective of this research is to model and develop a software-based interface to simulate mass and energy balance in a single-flash GPP as well as examine the thermodynamic performance of the gas removal system, which is the most important step in the planning and designing phase of the GPP. This software was validated using outputs of Kamojang GPP Units 2, 3, and 4 located at Kamojang geothermal field, Garut, West Java, Indonesia. Units 2 and 3 use two ejectors which are installed in series and Unit 4 utilize a hybrid system which is mostly a combination of vacuum pumps and a steam jet ejector. The modeling results yield that Kamojang GPP Units 2 and 3 generate power of 55.295 MW with an absolute error of 0.53%, whereas Unit 4 generates a power of 60.218 MW with a 0.36% absolute error with respect to the field data. These results comply with the expected minimum error, so the model parameters are considered valid and can be used for simulation. It was shown from the simulation that the total saving of steam consumption for the hybrid system at Kamojang GPP Units 2 and 3 is 534 kW. The power requirement of the vacuum pumps is still less than the power generated by the motive steam required by the ejector to dispose the NCG at the same amount. This indicates that Kamojang GPP Units 2 and 3 will be more efficient when using a hybrid system.
Evaluation of Groundwater Vulnerability Using Soil and Hydrogeological Data in Parts of the Precambrian Oban Massif, Se Nigeria
Authors: EKWERE AZUBUIKE , Kudamnya Ebenezer , ADAMU CHRISTOPHER , Edet Aniekan
Published: August 2022

Research on the vulnerability assessment of groundwater in the crystalline basement of the Oban Massif was carried out using soil and hydrogeological data. The parameters employed as input data included static water level (SWL), organic matter content (OMC), cation exchange capacity (CEC), aquifer media character (AMC), recharge (R), and soil type (ST). Results show groundwaters west of the massif (65% areal cover) to be the most vulnerable, with a decrease in vulnerability towards the eastern arm of the massif. The correlation matrix indicates SWL, OMC, and CEC as being significant factors that influence vulnerability ratings. Under current conditions, contamination indicators Cl- and NO3- show no contamination in relation to vulnerability ratings. The methodological approach and findings support the assessment model being quick and cheap, and can possibly be replicated in other areas where input data is available for assessment.
Toxicity of the neonicotinoid insecticides thiamethoxam and imidacloprid on tadpoles of four species of South American amphibians and effects of thiamethoxam on the metamorphosis of Rhinella arenarum
Authors: Peña Shirley Vivian Daniela Fonseca , Natale Guillermo Sebastian , Brodeur Julie
Published: August 2022

The present study examined the acute and chronic toxicity of the neonicotinoid insecticides imidacloprid and thiamethoxam in neotropical amphibian species from the Pampa region of Argentina. The median lethal concentration after 96h of exposure (96h-LC50) ranged between 11.28 and > 71.2 mg/L amongst all species and development stages tested; indicating that these pesticides are unlikely to cause acute toxicity in the wild. The subchronic toxicity was also low, with 21d-LC50 values ranging between 27.15 and > 71.2 mg/L. However, exposure of developing tadpoles of Rhinella arenarum to thiamethoxam from stage 27 until the completion of metamorphosis showed that treated animals present a significant reduction in metamorphic success together with a smaller size at metamorphosis and an asymmetry in the length of the left and right front arms. These effects, which are observed starting from the lowest concentration tested (9 mg/L), suggest an effect of thiamethoxam on the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis. Given that the observed effects can clearly impair amphibian performance and survival in the wild, further studies employing the same experimental approach but looking at lower environmentally-relevant concentrations are needed.
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) writer METTL3 accelerates the apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells in high glucose
Authors: Li Zhenjin , Meng Xuying , Chen Yu , Xu Xiaona , Guo Jianchao
Published: August 2022

Recent studies have shown that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation, one of the most prevalent epigenetic modifications, is involved in the diabetes mellitus. However, whether m6A plays roles in diabetic vascular endothelium injury is still elusive. Present research aimed to investigate the regulation and mechanism of m6A on vascular endothelium injury. Upregulation of METTL3 was observed in the high glucose (HG)-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), followed by upregulation of m6A methylation level. Functionally, METTL3 silencing repressed the apoptosis and recovered the proliferation of HUVECs disposed by HG. Moreover, HG exposure upregulated the expression of suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 (SOCS3). Mechanistically, METTL3 targeted the m6A modified site on SOCS3 genomic, which positively regulated the mRNA stability of SOCS3 mRNA. In conclusion, METTL3 silencing attenuated the HG-induced vascular endothelium cell injury via promoting SOCS3 expression. Our research expands the understanding of m6A on vasculopathy in diabetes mellitus and provides a potential strategy for the protection of vascular endothelial injury.
WITHDRAWN: k-Means Clusterization and Machine Learning Prediction of European Most Cited Scientific Publications
Authors: Leogrande Angelo , Costantiello Alberto , Laureti Lucio
Published: August 2022

In this article we investigate the determinants of the European “Most Cited Publications”. We use data from the European Innovation Scoreboard-EIS of the European Commission for the period 2010-2019. Data are analyzed with Panel Data with Fixed Effects, Panel Data with Random Effects, WLS, and Pooled OLS. Results show that the level of “Most Cited Publications” is positively associated, among others, to “Innovation Index” and “Enterprise Birth” and negatively associated, among others, to “Government Procurement of Advanced Technology Products” and “Human Resources”. Furthermore, we perform a cluster analysis with the k-Means algorithm either with the Silhouette Coefficient and the Elbow Method. We find that the Elbow Method shows better results than the Silhouette Coefficient with a number of clusters equal to 3. In adjunct we perform a network analysis with the Manhattan distance, and we find the presence of 4 complex and 2 simplified network structures. Finally, we present a confrontation among 10 machine learning algorithms to predict the level of “Most Cited Publication” either with Original Data-OD either with Augmented Data-AD. Results show that the best machine learning algorithm to predict the level of “Most Cited Publication” with Original Data-OD is SGD, while Linear Regression is the best machine learning algorithm for the prediction of “Most Cited Publications” with Augmented Data-AD.
Generation and microevolution of Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:- from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium by complicated transpositions
Authors: Wang Zhenyu , Gu Dan , Hong Yaming , Hu Yachen , Gu Jiaojie , Tang Yuanyue , Zhou Xiaohui , Zhang Yunzeng , Jiao Xinan , Li Qiuchun
Published: August 2022

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar 4,[5],12:i:- (Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:-) derived from S. Typhimurium has become the dominant serotype causing human salmonellosis. Replacement of the fljAB operon in S. Typhimurium by different resistance regions (RRs) can generate Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:- without expressing the second-phase flagellar antigen. However, the generation and evolution of RRs in Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:- across the world remain unknown. In the present study, except for the three reported RRs (RR1–RR3), five novel RRs (RR4–RR8) were identified in Chinese isolates from livestock and humans. The insertion of RR3 into the chromosomal hin-iroB site of S. Typhimurium produced RR3-S. Typhimurium as a primary intermediate strain. Following cis and/or trans intramolecular transpositions mediated by IS26 and/or IS1R elements, Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:- was produced by replacing the fljAB operon and/or its flanking sequences with RRs; the generation process was confirmed by the subcultivation of RR3-S. Typhimurium in vitro and in vivo. In addition, animal experiments revealed that RR3-Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:- displayed more efficient colonisation and survival abilities in mouse tissues than its parent strain, RR3-S. Typhimurium. The present study is the first to demonstrate the molecular mechanism underlying the origin and generation of Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:- from S. Typhimurium through complicated transpositions.
Haemadsorption therapy for calcium channel blocker overdose
Authors: Omar Shahed , Gurke Chloe , Parris Pano
Published: August 2022

A male patient in his twenties was admitted into the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), following an overdose with an unknown quantity of risperidone (atypical antipsychotic) and a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker (amlodipine). Resuscitation and supportive care were administered, but hypotension did not resolve despite the administration of intravenous fluids, infusions of calcium, adrenaline, and hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic therapy (HIE). Methylene blue was then administered to maintain the mean arterial pressures. However, the haemodynamic effect was short-lived and did not allow the weaning of the adrenaline. Drug clearance using hemoperfusion/haemadsorption with a styrene resin filter was attempted next. During the two hemoperfusion sessions, each of 6 hours duration, and 24 hours apart, the patient was successfully weaned off all supportive measures and later discharged home. Significant amlodipine concentrations were detected in blood aspirated from both haemadsorption filters at the end of each session.
An application of CoFe2O4/alginate magnetic beads: drug delivery system of 5-fluorouracil
Authors: YILDIRIM Ayşegül , İSPİRLİ DOĞAÇ Yasemin
Published: August 2022

Magnetic hyperthermia therapy is expected to play an important role in the treatment of more and more cancers. The synergistic effects of using together hyperthermia and cancer drugs have been shown by literature studies to be more effective than either hyperthermia treatment alone or chemotherapy alone. In addition, magnetic materials that can be used as a contrast agent enable magnetic resonance imaging of the tumor, which is also useful in seeing the treatment progress. This study, which was designed for this purpose, occurred in three parts: In the first part, magnetic CoFe2O4/alginate composite beads were prepared and characterized with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). In the second part, the swelling behaviour of magnetic composite beads was investigated at pH 1.2, pH 7.4 and pH 6.8. It was seen that at pH 7.4 and pH 6.8, that is, near neutral pH, CFA swelled by 81.54% and 82.69%, respectively. In the third part, 5-Fluorouracil was encapsulated at the different ratios in CoFe2O4/alginate composite beads, and release experiments were performed at pH 1.2, pH 7.4 and pH 6.8. 5-FU release was calculated with Korsmeyer-Peppas, Higuchi, first-order, and zero-order models. It was seen that the drug release systems prepared were suitable for all kinetic models. Magnetic CoFe2O4/alginate composite bead, which is the drug carrier, was determined to be suitable for controlled release for 5-Fluorouracil.
Anti-quorum sensing and cytotoxic activity of elemi essential oil
Authors: SOYOCAK Ahu , AK Ayşe , ÖNEM Ebru
Published: August 2022

Essential oils have several biological activities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, proliferative, and anti-inflammatory. This study aimed identification of bioactive compounds found in Elemi essential oil (EO) and to determine the anti-quorum sensing and cytotoxic activities of EO. In this study, bioactive compounds of EO were analyzed using GC-MS, and the antibacterial activity of elemi was screened against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Anti-biofilm activity and pyocyanin production on P. aeruginosa PAO1 were also investigated. The effect of EO on cell viability was also analyzed by thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and neutral red uptake (NR) assay in fibroblast cells. According to GC results, the major component of EO was determined as limonene (55%). A sub-MIC of elemi essential oil inhibited biofilm formation and pyocyanin production by 43% and 56%, respectively. On the other hand, EO also had an acute effect on the mitochondrial and lysosomal activities of fibroblast cell lines. Mitochondrial and lysosomal activities were significantly decreased when EO concentrations were applied for 24 and 48 hours (p<0.05). In conclusion, EO has inhibitory activity on biofilm formation and pyocyanin production, and also the lower doses of oil have no toxic effects on fibroblast cells. However, higher doses of EO have more cytotoxic effects on mitochondrial activity rather than the lysosomal activity of fibroblast cell lines. It is thought that EO exhibits these activities due to the amount of limonene in its content.
Prevalence of orofacial pain and temporomandibular disorder among violin and viola players: a pilot study
Authors: Aleixo Dos Reis Carlos , Valério Patricia
Published: August 2022

Prevalence of orofacial pain and temporomandibular disorder was evaluated among violin and viola players, having as control group other string players (cello and double base players). We found a high prevalence and more severity on violin /viola players. We also found that it is not related to the number of hours performing the instruments. Violin and viola players are more prone to headache and more aware of their parafunctional behavior.
Experimental investigation of bi-modular material coating to enhance damping
Authors: Shehzad Khurram , Nutakor Charles , Sopanen Jussi , Hussain Azhar , Fasih M. Saad
Published: August 2022

Hard coatings can be used to increase damping when applied on the surface of the components of turbomachinery. This can be effective to reduce the resonant vibration level of components working in a high cycle fatigue environment due to the extremely high operational speed. This paper discusses the experimental investigation of a bi-modular material hard coating to enhance damping in structural steel elements. Firstly, a hard coating (Al2O3+MgO) is applied on AISI 304L stainless steel substrate by plasma spraying. After that, a layer of chrome is deposited by chrome plating. Dynamic responses of both coated and uncoated samples are measured. The damping ratio of the test specimen is extracted from the time response by the logarithmic decrement method. Improved damping capacity of the coated steel sample is observed and is mainly attributed to the thin coating of chrome on the steel structure. The natural frequency of coated specimen showed 8 to 10 % improvement, the forced response showed a 30 to 35 % decrement in displacement, the damping ratio showed a 200 % increment, and the time of decaying showed a 20 % decrement. The results of the present study provide new ideas for the development of high-damping structural elements.
Repetitive impacts recovering using variational mode extraction with constructed reference enhanced by improved blind deconvolution
Authors: Du Wenliao , Hou Xukun , Wang Hongchao
Published: August 2022

The impulse and modulation characteristic of rolling bearing’ faulty signal is often very weak when early fault arises in rolling bearing or gears, and the main reasons are due to the signal attenuation caused by too long signal acquisition path and the interference of other multi-source vibration. In order to extract the weak feature accurately, a method named as variational mode extraction (VME) based on constructed reference enhanced by improved minimum entropy de-convolution (IMED) is proposed, which combines both the advantages of IMED in solving the influence of the long signal acquisition path and VME based on constructed reference in extracting the impulse and modulation characteristic of vibration signal. Firstly, IMED is used as signal preprocessing method to analyze the vibration signal of rotating machinery to eliminate the influence of long signal acquisition path and enhance the repetitive impulse characteristics. Then, reference signal is constructed according to the prior knowledge of the rotating machinery and input it with the output signal of IMED into the VME model together, and the output result of VME not only could further enhance the impulse characteristic of vibration signal, but also obtain the modulation characteristic simultaneously. Finally, envelope spectral or enhanced envelope spectral is performed on the output signal of VME and satisfactory fault features are extracted. In order to solve the shortcomings of traditional MED, an IMED based on D-norm is proposed which has higher computational efficiency and could extract multi-harmonic impulse features. In addition, VME based on constructed reference is proposed to improve the accuracy of VME in extracting the target signal. Feasibility and superiority of the proposed method are verified by one experimental case and one engineering case.
Analysis of unidirectional and bidirectional magnetic-thermal coupling of permanent magnet synchronous motor
Authors: Ding Fang , Wang Aiguo , Zhang Qianbin
Published: August 2022

To analyze accurately the temperature variation of permanent magnet synchronous motor, a bidirectional magnetic-thermal coupling method is proposed. Firstly, a two-dimensional magnetic field model of permanent magnet synchronous motor was built in Ansoft Maxwell, and the magnetic flux density, magnetic line distribution and radial air gap magnetic flux of the motor have been simulated. Secondly, the calculated winding copper loss, core loss and permanent magnet eddy current loss were coupled into the temperature field of ANSYS Workbench as heat source, and the transient temperature field of each part of the motor was studied. Finally, the electromagnetic and temperature fields of the motor were analyzed and calculated at the same time, and were mutually updated based on their iterations. The process was repeated until stable magnetic and temperature fields were generated. The results showed that the bidirectional coupling method took into account the influence of motor temperature rise on electromagnetic field, and the temperature rise prediction was more accurate than the unidirectional coupling method.
Lineer Olmayan Yüklerin Sebep Olduğu Harmoniklerin ve Fazlar Arası Güç Dengesizliğinin Nötr Akımına Etkisi
Authors: KÜRKER Faruk
Published: August 2022

Farklı yük çeşitlerine sahip cihazların çalışması, yüksek akım ve gerilim harmonikleri, faz ve güç
dengesizliği gibi bozulmaların meydana gelmesiyle ilgilidir. Daha yüksek harmonikler ile güç ve faz dengesizliği nedeniyle elektrik ekipmanları doğru çalışmayabilir. Nötr akım, harmonik ile güç ve faz dengesizliği sonuçlarındandır. Üç fazlı sistemlerde yüklerin neden olduğu dengesizlik sorunundan veya kablo bağlantısında yapılan yanlışlıklardan kaynaklı olarak nötr iletkende akım akışı olabilir. Lineer olmayan yükler şebekeye veya kaynağa harmonik akımlar enjekte eder. Şebekede üçlü harmonikler mevcut olduğunda, yük mükemmel bir şekilde dengelenmiş olsa bile nötr akım sıfır değildir. Bu da nötr iletkeninin aşırı yüklenmesine bağlı olarak ısınması nedeniyle yangın riskini artırabilir. Bu çalışmada üç farklı tesiste beş ölçüm, üç fazda (Faz A, Faz B ve Faz C) yapılarak güç parametreleri ölçülmüştür. Yük dengesizliği ile üçlü harmonik değerlerinin nötr akımına etkisi karşılaştırılmıştır. Birinci ve ikinci ölçümdeki güç dengesizliği standart hata değeri birbirine yakın olmasına karşın üçlü harmonik değerler arasında yaklaşık %30’luk değişkenlik var iken nötr akımda oluşan fark 13.27 A olmuştur. Çalışmadaki test edilen sistem için triplen harmoniklerin, dengesiz yüklenmeye göre nötr iletkende oluşan akım üzerinde daha fazla etkisinin olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Polihedral Oligomerik Silseskioksan (POSS) Bileşiklerinin Schiff Bazları ve Cu(II) ve Ni(II) Komplekslerinin Sentezi ve Karakterizasyonu
Authors: ATİK Bestami , DEMETGÜL Cahit
Published: August 2022

Bu çalışmada, 3-aminopropiltrietoksisilan (APTES) ve N-(2-aminoetil)-3-aminopropiltrimetoksisilan (AEPTMS) kullanılarak iki farklı polihedral oligomerik silseskioksan (POSS) sentezlenmiştir. Elde edilen bu POSS bileşikleri, salisilaldehit ve 5-bromosalisilaldehit ile kondenzasyon tepkimesi sonucu POSS Schiff bazları sentezlenmiştir. POSS ve ligand özelliğindeki türevlerinin yapıları spektroskopik (Elementel analiz (C, H, N), 1H-NMR, 29Si NMR, FT-IR) yöntemlerle aydınlatılmıştır. Schiff Bazlarının Cu(II) ve Ni(II) metal kompleksleri sentezlenmiştir. İzole edilen POSS Schiff bazı metal komplekslerinin yapıları FT-IR, Magnetik duyarlılık terazisi ve ICP-OES ile aydınlatılmaya çalışılmıştır. Sonuçlar, metal iyonlarının Schiff bazlarına fenolik oksijen ve azometin azotu üzerinden bağlandığını göstermiştir.
Dynamic Investigations of Rare Gas-NO+ Interactions
Authors: ÖZKALAYCI Fatih
Published: August 2022

In this work, integral cross sections and rate constants of ground states of the Rg-NO+ (X1Σ+) system were calculated from quantum mechanical approach. The Rg separately defines the three inert gaseous of He, Ne and Ar elements. Equilibrium geometry values of the Rg-NO+ (X1Σ+) complexes were calculated employing the CCSD(T)-F12 method with cc-pVTZ-F12 basis set augmented with mid-bond functions. After using analytical forms of the potentials, vibrational frequencies and dissociation energies were calculated. The dissociation energy values of 196.6, 364.4 and 1045.0 cm-1 were found for He-NO+, Ne-NO+ and Ar-NO+ systems, respectively. Zero-point energy (ZPE) values of the systems were found to be 1240.4, 1251.6 and 1284.9 cm-1 for He-NO+, Ne-NO+ and Ar-NO+ systems, respectively. Differential cross sections and rate constants were found in a broad range of energy and temperature for He, Ne and Ar rare gaseous. The rank order of the magnitudes of the rotational transition rate coefficients was compared and it was found that they can differ slightly for a few temperatures. Integral cross sections and collision rate constants were compared to those of experimental and theoretical studies in literature and they were found to be well agreed.
The Use of Metaphor in the Construction of the Representation of Reality with Ethical Principles on the Example of the Movie 'The Well' in Documentary Cinema
Authors: TANRIVERMİŞ Şenay
Published: August 2022

In the 1990s, Kurds living in Mardin and the surrounding provinces were subjected to various pressures, forced migration, and negative treatment such as village evacuation. Veysi Altay's documentary "Bir" (The Well) tells the story of the disappearance of seven people, three of whom are children after they were detained in the Dargeçit district of Mardin in 1995, and the search for them by their relatives. The fact that the director, who traces the search, focuses on the struggle of the seven relatives instead of drawing attention by implying the Kurdish problem with popular political references, brought the documentary to an objective point.In this study, based on the documentary The Well; Instead of "documentary-reality", which distances reality from fiction as much as possible, the possibilities of shooting a "real documentary" will be analyzed. In this context, the reasons for avoiding the use of metaphor, the director's limitation of his camera, and the relationship of preference with ethics will be included in the analysis.While “The Well” has strong meanings from literature to visual arts, in the narrative it has been transformed into a setting, character, and plot that can be grasped, seen, and recorded in history by conveying the truth to witnesses; in this state, instead of losing its meaning from its "reality", it gained strength by feeding on the richness of fiction, but also gave up on poetic reality or all kinds of abstract meanings.This study will examine the effects of the director's direct involvement in the narrative on ethical values and its contribution to the reality of the film, as well as investigate the limits of the construction of "truth" in the post-truth period with a documentary film.The fact that the director renounces his power over the film and turns into the eye that is "attracted" and "witnessed" from time to time, rather than "shooting" the film, will be examined ethically with the method of discourse analysis.The aim of the study is to present an example of whether the creation of documentary cinema in search of reality and its way of influencing the masses are in conflict with ethical principles.
Brechas y desniveles: el problema representado en las iniciativas de “nivelación” en la Educación Superior Latinoamericana
Authors:   Universidad Alberto Hurtado, Santiago, Chile, Miranda Molina Rafael Gabriel
Published: August 2022

Se reportan los resultados de un estudio documental, enmarcado en la sociología crítica de la política educativa, que indaga sobre las nivelaciones en la Educación Superior. A partir de la selección de 180 ponencias presentadas entre los últimos 9 años en la Conferencia Latinoamericana sobre el Abandono en la Educación Superior (CLABES), se indaga sobre la problematización de la equidad en la permanencia y sus procesos formativos que se movilizan en nombre de la “nivelación”. Como principales hallazgos se describe temáticamente el problema representado, desde una traducción de los estudios estadounidenses de deserción que homogeneiza las tensiones entre la propedéutica y la remediación, y entre lo curricular y lo suplementario. Más aun, con una fuerte influencia de discursos del déficit, la nivelación se presenta como un compromiso institucional con la equidad, que representa al sistema educativo como de baja calidad y a estudiantes de grupos históricamente marginados como académicamente vulnerables, por medio de metáforas de brechas y desniveles. En suma, se discute la relación entre los objetos, sujetos y lugares de nivelación, como una relación contingente, y por lo tanto, posible y necesaria de problematizar de manera diferente desde otros campos de investigación, también presentes en el espacio universitario
Identification of Hub Genes Associated with Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells
and ECM Dynamics as the Potential Therapeutic Targets in Gastric Cancer
through an Integrated Bioinformatic Analysis and Machine Learning Methods
Authors: Cheng Zhong , Liu Jie
Published: August 2022

Background:

Stomach cancer, also known as gastric adenocarcinoma, remains the most
common and deadly cancer worldwide. Its early diagnosis and prevention are effective to improve
the 5-year survival rate of the patients. Therefore, it is important to discover specific biomarkers for
early diagnosis and drug treatment. This study investigates the potential key genes and signaling
pathways involved in gastric cancer.

Methods:

The gene expression profiles, GSE63089, GSE33335, and GSE79973, were retrieved for
the identification of Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) within a total of 80 gastric cancer samples
and 80 normal samples. A total of 1423 uP- and 1155 downregulated genes were screened for
overlapping DEGs visualized via Venn diagrams along with 58 upregulated and 43 downregulated
genes. These overlapping DEGs were evaluated with Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment, Kyoto Encyclopedia
of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment, and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network
analysis. Using DAVID software, we identified several genes enriched in both GO and KEGG
analyses. PPI analysis was performed with STRING software, and 3 submodules were obtained with
Cytoscape software. Then, we used Cytohubba with 12 classification methods to select candidate
hub genes. The group 1 genes enriched in GO and KEGG pathway intersected with group 2 genes,
which were approved by nine algorithms, and group 3 genes clustered in three submodules. 9 hub
genes were intersected from group 1/2/3 genes and the prognostic values were estimated through
GEPIA. We found that the LUM and COL1A1 expression levels and survival outcomes displayed a
favorable prognostic value (P-value = 0.013 for LUM and P-value =0.042 for COL1A1).

Results:

Finally, 5 machine learning methods were employed for the validation of two hub genes
(COL1A1, LUM) to distinguish between the cancer samples and non-cancer samples. The accuracy
of XGBoost was estimated to be 0.9375, and the precision and specificity as 1.000. The highest
recalls of LR and MLP were 1.0000, and the AUC was 1.0000. In the test set GSE65801, the accuracy
of all models was greater than 80%, and the XGBoost model obtained the highest prediction
accuracy of 0.8906. The precision of 0.9301 and the specificity of 0.9375 were obtained. The highest
recall of MLP was 0.8750 and AUC was 0.9082. The correlation of prognostic indicators with
the tumor-infiltrating immune cell levels was analyzed using TIMER.

Conclusion:

The identified hub genes explored in this study would enhance the understanding of
the molecular mechanism of gastric cancer and may be regarded as a potential therapeutic target as
assessed by integrating bioinformatics and machine learning methods.
Nanoformulations - Insights Towards Characterization Techniques
Authors: Vijayaraghavalu Sivakumar , Krishnaswami Venkateshwaran , Sugumaran Abimanyu , Perumal Venkatesan , Manavalan Murugan , Kondeti Durga Prasad , Basha Shaik Kamil , Ahmed Mohammed Akmal , Kumar Munish
Published: August 2022

Background:

Drug-loaded novel nanoformulations are gaining importance due to their versatile properties compared to conventional pharmaceutical formulations. Nanomaterials, apart from their multifactorial benefits, have a wider scope in the prevention, treatment, and diagnosis of cancer. Understanding the chemistry of drug-loaded nano-formulations to elicit its behaviour both at molecular and systemic levels is critical in the present scenario. Drug-loaded nanoformulations are controlled by their size, shape, surface chemistry, and release behavior. The major pharmaceutical drug loaded nanocarriers reported for anticancer drug delivery for the treatment of various forms of cancers such as lung cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, colon cancer, etc include nanoparticles, nanospheres, nanodispersions, nanocapsules, nanomicelles, cubosomes, nanoemulsions, liposomes and niosomes. The major objectives in designing anticancer drug-loaded nanoformulations are to manage the particle size/morphology correlating with the drug release to fulfil the specific objectives. Hence, nano characterizations are very critical both at in vitro and in vivo levels.

Objective:

The main objective of this review paper is to summarise the major characterization techniques used for the characterization of drug-loaded nanoformulations. Even though information on characterization techniques of various nano-formulations is available in the literature, it is scattered. The proposed review will provide a comprehensive understanding of nanocharacterization techniques.

Conclusion:

To conclude, the proposed review will provide insights towards the different nano characterization techniques along with their recent updates, such as particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, in vitro release studies (chromatographic HPLC, HPTLC, and LC-MS/MS analysis), EPR analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, thermal analysis, rheometric, morphological analysis etc. Additionally, the challenges encountered by the nano characterization techniques will also be discussed.
Quercetin against Emerging RNA Viral Diseases: Potential and Challenges for Translation
Authors: Subudhi Bharat Bhusan , Swain Ranjit Prasad
Published: August 2022

Due to higher adaptability and mutability, there is always a possibility for RNA viral disease outbreaks. There are no approved antivirals for the majority of RNA viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, CHIKV, DENV, JEV, ZIKV, and EBOV. To treat these infections and prepare for future epidemics, it is necessary to identify effective therapeutic strategies with broad-spectrum actions against RNA viruses. Unregulated inflammation is the major cause of the severity associated with these viral diseases. Quercetin is a privileged molecule that is known to interfere at different levels of inflammatory response. Besides, it modulates pathways responsible for viral translation as well as the immune response of the host. It has also been found to inhibit replication by targeting critical targets of some of these viruses. Due to its abilities to inhibit viral targets, modulate host factors or a combination of both, quercetin has been demonstrated to help recover from some of these viral diseases in preclinical /clinical studies. Thus, it can be a drug candidate for application against a broad range of viral diseases. However, its translational value is limited by the lack of large-scale clinical studies. A major hurdle for oral application is poor solubility. Thus, developing a suitable form of quercetin can enable adequate bioavailability, leading to its translational application.