bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A pilot study of the flipped classroom approach in higher education
Authors: Almazán Ruiz Encarnación , Fuentes Martínez Raquel
Published: January 2021

Teaching and learning grammar have become arduous tasks in the English classroom. On the one hand, students feel they are studying the same topics repeatedly. Teachers, on the other one, think students are not able to acquire the grammatical contents of the syllabus. As a direct consequence, it can be assumed it is high time to change the traditional methodology and introduce new approaches which allow us to involve students in their learning process. This paper is aimed at demonstrating the effectiveness of using the flipped classroom approach when teaching grammar. As it is a learner-centred model, students actively expose to contents at home and the in-class time is used to do tasks related to the previously worked contents. The instrument employed for this study is a questionnaire designed to know students’ opinion about a flipped experience implemented in the English classroom. The results show that this teaching model can be a good option to avoid students’ demotivation when teaching English grammar.
AQUISIÇÃO DE LEITURA EM CRIANÇAS COM TEA E O MÉTODO FÔNICO
Authors: de Paula Isabella , Silva Maria Dalva , Siqueira Patrícia , Silva Fabiana
Published: January 2021

Ainda hoje há muita gente que acha que as pessoas com TEA não aprendem. Entretanto, a inclusão na sociedade contemporânea mostra que a alfabetização de modo pleno pode ser aprendida e deve ser ofertada como garantia de um direito adquirido. Assim, temos por objetivo ampliar o olhar sobre os processos de alfabetização de crianças com TEA no presente artigo. Para isso buscamos relatar os resultados de um estudo de revisão com pesquisas publicadas em artigos científicos, analisando qual método é mais indicado para os autistas em processo de alfabetização. Os resultados das pesquisas revelam que esses indivíduos, tipicamente, evidenciam déficits no processo de aquisição de competências em leitura. O trabalho discute sobre os métodos de ensino, seus prós e contras, buscando entender os modelos interventivos que revelam o quanto a equipe multidisciplinar é essencial para o desenvolvimento em todos os aspectos dessas crianças.
ATUAÇÃO DO PEDAGOGO NA INCLUSÃO DO SUJEITO AUTISTA EM SALAS DE AULAS REGULARES
Authors: Brandão Ana , Galvão Marina , Holanda Gabriela , de Paula Claudia , Silva Fabiana
Published: January 2021

Qualquer criança que se enquadra no grupo de transtorno global do desenvolvimento apresenta comprometimento na evolução acadêmica e na evolução social, pois denota atraso de linguagem e comunicação, dificuldade de socialização e comportamentos estereotipados disruptivos. O autismo é um assunto complexo e requer a análise básica sobre o transtorno em cada criança, cada contexto, em cada família, em cada situação específica e em cada idade, pois cada autista tem sua particularidade e sua especificidade. Percebe-se que apesar da popularização do paradigma da inclusão, isso não significa que a inclusão escolar desses alunos realmente aconteça. A falta do conhecimento acerca do transtorno e a escassez de informação e qualificação dos profissionais que lidam diretamente com esses alunos ainda é preocupante.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA CONTAÇÃO DE HISTÓRIAS COMO FERRAMENTA PEDAGÓGICA NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL
Authors: Farias Fabia , Silva Fabiana
Published: January 2021

O presente trabalho faz um estudo sobre a contação de histórias na educação infantil como ferramenta pedagógica. A pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada por meio de sites especializados como Scielo e outros. A partir do referencial teórico, conceitos e análises realizadas chegou-se à conclusão que a contação de histórias favorece a aprendizagem, principalmente no desenvolvimento da socialização, comunicação e aprendizagem dos estudantes, criando infinitas possibilidades pedagógicas.
FATORES ASSOCIADOS AO RISCO DE FRATURA DE FÊMUR EM IDOSOS: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Leodoro Rinaldo , Carvalho Amanda
Published: January 2021

A fratura femoral mostra-se como um grande problema na saúde pública por causa dos gastos envolvidos desde o material cirúrgico até os custos do pós-operatório, o que demanda uma equipe multidisciplinar. Quando se trata de pessoas idosas essas dificuldades tendem a elevar-se, principalmente pela saúde do paciente, fazendo com que a habilidade do fisioterapeuta seja de grande valia na reabilitação do paciente idoso. Há medidas que podem ser tomadas para que o acidente no idoso seja reduzido. Este trabalho visa analisar, através de uma revisão de literatura, quais fatores estão associados ao risco de fratura femoral em idosos. Foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados eletrônica do MEDLINE (PubMed), SciELO e LILACS. Foram selecionados os artigos no período de 2007 a 2019. Os descritores estavam em concordância com o Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) e com os Descritores em Ciência da Saúde (DeCS). Dos 97 artigos encontrados foram selecionados 05 que abordavam a temática do estudo. Foi possível concluir nesta pesquisa que um programa de intervenção fisioterapêutica no pré e pós-operatório de fratura de fêmur diminui consideravelmente os riscos e agravamentos dos fatores de risco associados à fratura de fêmur no idoso.
HRM Practices to Generate Effective Organizational Performance: A Review of Literature
Authors: John Dr. Swati , Hemnani Ms. Deepika
Published: January 2021

HRM practices have been evolving from past decades as they help in understanding how better the employees can be managed so that they can generate higher productivity and effective performance to the organization. This paper tries to identify the function of HRM practices on organization performance. There are varieties of HRM models which have been proposed to give effective results through these models effective HR practices are derived. Academic research shows that HR practices are capable to generate competitive advantage of the organization. But much of efforts are not yet been made from the end of organization. Organisation still feels doubtful to invest on their human resources. Also not much of evidence is available about the successful implementation of approaches of HRM. Partially implemented approaches are hard & soft HRM, knowledge management and others. As per currently changing environment knowledge management approach is considered to be most effective because information handling is most essential in current and future time. Findings suggest that effective HRM practice depends on the structure, system and skills of organization and that needs to be identified and studied effectively by the leaders of the organization. This can result in effective performance of organization through HR practices
Design and simulation of a resorbable bone fixation plate made by additive manufacturing for femoral mid-SHAFT fractures
Authors: Ivorra-Martinez J. , Selles M. A. , Sanchez-Caballero S. , Boronat T.
Published: January 2021

Finite element method has been employed to establish the feasibility of a fixation plate made of PLA by additive manufacturing for femoral shaft fractures. For this purpose, Von Mises stress and the pressure contact between bones had been analysed. The proposed design has been compared with an actual titanium fixation plate as a point of reference.
Technical Note: Failure Projection of Corroding Bridge Post-Tensioned Tendons Considering Partitioned Attack
Authors: Hartt William H.
Published: January 2021

Post-tensioning (PT) has evolved to become an important technology for affecting integrity of large, increasingly sophisticated reinforced concrete structures. In the case of bridges, however, tendon failures resulting from wire/strand corrosion have been reported as early as two years post construction. In response to this, a recent study introduced, evaluated, and used an analytical modeling approach that projects timing of such failures, given statistics which characterize the distribution of wire corrosion rate. These efforts all considered that corrosion penetration is normally distributed across the entire population of wires comprising all tendons. However, it has been reported that corrosion, resultant wire and strand fractures, and tendon failures can be confined to a specific location on a bridge structure as a result of variations in material properties or construction improprieties (or both). Also, the distribution of corrosion rates can differ within individual tendons because of, first, variations in grout structure and composition and, second, presence of voids and free water. The present research extends these previous efforts and addresses such situations; that is, those where the corrosion rate distribution is spatially variable. The results are discussed within the context of better assuring structural integrity for PT bridges.
A subversão pela tradição de Isak Dinesen: animismo, bruxas e storytelling em “The Deluge at Norderney”
Authors: Osthoff Bediaga Sofia , Frankl Sperber Suzi
Published: January 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo investigar de que modo a autora Isak Dinesen (pseudônimo e personagem viva de Karen Blixen) utiliza certos recursos para invocar a memória das tradições pagãs europeias. Entre eles, há o animismo, em que a natureza, especialmente o mar, tem agência e intenção, interferindo com e manipulando o enredo - remetendo ao sistema ontológico animista, que caracteriza o modo de pensar do paganismo. Há também o emprego do storytelling, modo como os conhecimentos são transmitidos entre as gerações por essas populações, e a presença constante da figura da bruxa. Ao empregar esses elementos em sua escrita, Dinesen cria um tipo peculiar de modernismo que subverte as leis da composição literária clássica através da retomada de outro tipo de tradição, que há séculos questiona e resiste ao status quo.
Now the sneaking serpent walks: diabolic as a creation force in The Marriage of Heaven and Hell, by William Blake
Authors: Aires Franceschini Marcele
Published: January 2021

: In The Marriage of Heaven and Hell (1790-1793), William Blake offers a trail to fly through the Universe. His muse, the “sneaking serpent”, elucidates the concept that diabolic does not contain in itself the idea of evil – nevertheless it is an active springing from Energy, for every existence is holy. This study understands the prophetic trip narration to mystery as a way that the poetic voice erects against Reason (Good), to empower himself in the Energy of Devil (or of Hell). Hereby, it was adopted the idea of devilish as a vital force, avoiding dogmatic and religious definitions of the term, a thematic often struggled by the author, mainly concerning his rupture with the thoughts of Emanuel Swedenborg. Another point that was researched was in relation to distinct visual representations of the serpent myth in Blake’s illustrations, as in “The Serpent Attacking Buoso Donatin” (1826–7, reprinted in 1892), and in “The spiritual of Nelson guiding Leviathan” (1805-1809). Both in written and pictorial artworks, the author asserts that the serpent symbolizes the sacred that lives in all profane things.
Looking to Ursula K. Le Guin’s The Word for World is Forest to Find Ways to Respond to the Dilemmas of the Anthropocene
Authors: Savi Melina Pereira
Published: January 2021

In The Word for World is Forest (1972), Ursula K. Le Guin imagines a dystopian future where humans (Terrans) are faced with the task of plundering other planets for the resource they have caused the earth to be depleted of: wood. On planet Athshe, Terrans find dense forests and a peaceful population of humans, and are quick to reproduce practices founded in the dualistic logic that sets humans (culture) against nature. These practices and depictions of the earth resonate with the dilemmas of the Anthropocene, the “age of humans,” where loss in biodiversity, climate change, massive deforestation, among other things are sounding an alarm that many associate with the end of the world as we know it. Athsheans, as I demonstrate in this paper, put up a resistance to Terran practices that are grounded not in violence (although they unwillingly apply it) but in holding fast to a worldview that is nondualist and dream-based that can serve to inform us in resisting the logic that has led us to the Anthropocene in the first place.
The Contraries’ Progression: Romantic irony in the introductory poems of William Blake’s Songs of Innocence and of Experience
Authors: Weber Wanderlinde William
Published: January 2021

In the vast bibliography on William Blake, scholars usually comment on the irony in his poetic works, but seldom they explain such comments. This paper is an attempt to understand the ironies present in some poems of Songs of Innocence and of Experience, while at the same time taking into consideration the dialectical quality of Blake’s thought. To do so, the concept of Romantic irony, developed by Friedrich Schlegel, is used, as it is also dialectical in its nature. In order to illustrate how Romantic irony is used to read the volume, an analysis of the introductory poems of each section, along with “Earth’s Answer” (the second introduction’s coda) and two plates which illustrate these poems, is made. The readings show some affinities between Blake’s and Schlegel’s way of thinking.
Da Experiência Discente à Formação Docente em Educação a Distância
Authors: Ripka Adriana
Published: January 2021

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar dois cursos ofertados, na modalidade a distância, cursados pela autora, para relatar a experiência vivida como discente e a contribuição desta experiência para a formação docente em educação a distância. A partir da literatura sobre o tema, foram selecionados alguns elementos que serviram de base para a análise comparativa entre os cursos, tais como: tecnologias utilizadas, conteúdo, tutoria, autonomia do aluno, interação professor-aluno, interação aluno-aluno e avaliação online. Como resultado, é importante destacar que, principalmente, as dificuldades encontradas como discente, no decorrer de um curso, podem impactar positivamente na elaboração de uma disciplina/curso. Ao se antecipar aos possíveis obstáculos, que possam ser encontrados na construção de uma disciplina/curso, amplia-se a possibilidade de se compartilhar o conhecimento de forma mais eficaz. Outro ponto relevante é que o conhecimento da teoria, sobre mecanismos que podem fortalecer a interação entre professor-aluno e aluno-aluno, não é suficiente para garantir que esta ocorra, sendo necessário um esforço constante por parte do docente em educação a distância para que os estímulos à interação obtenham sucesso.
COMPARISON OF INTRAVENOUS LIGNOCAINE VS NALBUPHINE IN ATTENUATION OF HEMODYNAMIC RESPONSE TO AWAKE TRACHEAL EXTUBATION IN ENT SURGERIES
Authors: Ali Liaquat , Akhter Amim , Saeed Muhammad , Khalid Usman , Rehmani Jawad
Published: January 2021

Objective: To compare intravenous lignocaine vs. intravenous nalbuphine in terms of mean change in heart rate and mean arterial pressures (MAP) during awake tracheal extubation.

Study Design: Randomized control trial.

Place and Duration of Study: Main Operation Theatre, Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from May 2016to Dec 2016.

Methodology: After approval of the study by the institution’s research ethics committee, the patients meetinginclusion criteria were assigned randomly to one of the two groups by lottery method. On return of spontaneous ventilation, patients in group L received intravenous lignocaine 1.5 mg/kg while group N patients received intravenous Nalbuphine 0.2mg/kg. Data recorded immediately (T1) and 5min after (T2) extubation.

Results: After stratification of data in terms of age, gender, duration of surgery and ASA classification, evaluation of hemodynamic parameters (HR and MAP) between the two groups was done. The mean change in HR in group L was 6.66 ± 1.53 bpm and in group N was 4.43 ± 1.35. The mean change in MAP in group L was 4.90 ± 1.49 mm of Hg and in group N was 3.23 ± 1.33. p-value in both parameters was found to be less than 0.05 and thus declared significant.Conclusion: We concluded that intravenous nalbuphine, in the dose of 0.2mg/kg, is a better attenuator ofhemodynamic response to extubation as compared to intravenous lignocaine and provides better stability ofHeart rate and Mean arterial Pressure.
IMPACT OF TIMING OF RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY INITIATION ON OUTCOME OF ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN SEPTIC PATIENTS
Authors: Nasir Muhammad , Hashmi Madiha , Sohaib Muhammad , Ahmed Zahoor , Salman Muhammad , Raza Syed Amir
Published: January 2021

Objective: To identify whether the timing of initiation of continuous renal replacement therapy affects outcome in septic patients with acute kidney injury in term of 28 days mortality.

Study Design: Cross sectional analytical study.

Place and Duration of Study: This research was conducted at department of Anaesthesiology and critical careunit of the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from Oct 2018 to Jun 2019.

Methodology: The study reviewed all adult patients aged >18 years who developed acute kidney injury afterseptic shock and required continuous renal replacement therapy in surgical intensive care unit. Considering thevalue of blood urea nitrogen, patients were classified into two groups. One was in early group that‟s was defined as blood urea nitrogen value of <100 mg/dl just before continuous renal replacement therapy initiation while the patients who have blood urea nitrogen value of ≥100 mg/dl just prior to continuous renal replacement therapy initiation were classified as late group. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed and median survival was computed.

Results: Forty patients were included for analysis. There were thirty patients (75%) in early group in whomcontinuous renal replacement therapy was started with mean blood urea nitrogen of 66 ± 20.2 mg/dL and 10(25%) patients were in late group with mean blood urea nitrogen of 137 ± 28.4 mg/dL. The overall survival ratesin both groups were 49.6%, and 10.4% at 10 and 25 days, respectively. Median survival time was not statisticallysignificant between early and late continuous renal replacement...........
SIMULATION BASED TRAINING IMPROVES LAPAROSCOPIC SURGICAL SKILLS IN TRAINEE SURGEONS
Authors: Shaikh Abdul Razaque , Khaliq Tanwir
Published: January 2021

Objective: To assess the impact of laparoscopic simulation training on surgical skills of trainee surgeons.

Study Design: Comparative prospective study.

Place and Duration of Study: Jinnah Sindh Medical University Karachi, for one month October 2019.

Methodology: Total thirty surgical trainees of FCPS year four (R4) were studied. The cases group (fifteen trainees) were given one month laparoscopy training on a LAP Simulator (LAPSim), surgical science Sweden) and the control group (fifteen trainees) were not trained. Their laparoscopic skills were then compared. Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills (OSATS) specific and general was used to assess their performance. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS-23.

Results: On LAP Sim Scoring, post-test scores were significantly better than pre-test for all skills in the trainedresidents (p<0.01 for all subscales) and total post-test score was also significantly better for trained surgeonsas compared to untrained (77.45 ± 7.78 vs. 31.70 ± 2.48; p<0.01). On Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills for specific tasks, post-test scores were significantly better than pre-test for all tasks in the cases (p<0.01 for all subscales) and for none in the controls. On Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills general, posttest scores were significantly better than pre-test for all tasks in the cases (p<0.01 for all subscales) and for clip application (p<0.01) and suturing with intracorporeal knot tying (p<0.01) in the controls.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated significantly improved levels of performance for all skill sets for novicesurgical residents trained on LAP Sim for minimally invasive surgical procedures.
RECONSTRUCTION OF NASAL ALA DEFECTS USING THREE STAGED FOLDED FOREHEAD FLAP: AESTHETIC AND FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES
Authors: Ali Ghazanfar , Tahir Moizza , Raza Maqbool , Almas Danish , Majid Abdul , Khan Yasser Saeed
Published: January 2021

Objective: To assess short and long term aesthetic and functional outcomes of nasal ala reconstruction by three staged folded forehead flap.

Study Design: Prospective study.

Place and Duration of Study: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department of Combined Military HospitalBahawalpur and Quetta, from Dec 2014 to Dec 2018.

Methodology: Total of 29 patients were enrolled through consecutive sampling technique. Nasal ala defects were reconstructed by three staged frontal forehead flap under general anesthesia. Follow up visit at 2 weeks bleeding, wound Infection, partial skin graft loss and partial flap necrosis was documented. Follow up at 24 weeks, functional outcome of nasal reconstruction was assessed by history and clinical examination for nasal obstruction and/or crusting. Patients’ subjective satisfaction about aesthetic outcome of nasal reconstruction was documented on 5 point likert scale. Objective aesthetic assessment of reconstruction was done on 2D photograph by two independent surgeons.

Results: Twenty six (89.66%) males and 3 (10.34%) females participated in study. The mean age was 35 yearsrange 16 to 64 years. Follow up at two weeks revealed postoperative bleeding in 2 (6.8%), wound infection in 1(3.4%) and partial flap loss in 1 (3.4%) patient. At 24 weeks follow up all patients had patent nasal ala. Subjectiveand objective assessment of nose shape was documented.

Conclusion: Use of three staged folded forehead flapis useful method of reconstruction for full thickness defects of nasal alaewith good functional and aesthetic outcome.
MOTHER’S KNOWLEDGE REGARDING ORAL HEALTH PRACTICES AND RISK FACTORS WITH RESPECT TO THEIR CHILDREN IN THE TWIN CITIES OF PAKISTAN
Authors: Mustafa Laila , Masood Amna , Bangash Madeeha , Rashid Sahd , Khan Kamran , Zahid Shahreen
Published: January 2021

Objective: To analyze the way mothers perceive oral health in their children, the importance of oral health amongst children, so that preventive advice and regime can be tailored accordingly and reinforced during the pandemic.

Study Design: Questionnaire base survey.

Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted in the various sectors of the twin cities of Pakistan, from May to Sep 2020.

Methodology: This study was a questionnaire-based study in which survey forms were distributed online as well as in person among mothers above 18 years of age. A questionnaire was formulated and distributed amongst different areas and sectors of the twin cities in Pakistan. The data was analyzed quantitatively and entered in SPSS version 23 for analysis.

Results: Mothers from various socioeconomic backgrounds had dissimilar knowledge with regards to oral health. There was a greater gap in the knowledge of mothers from low and high socioeconomic status as compared to middle and high.

Conclusion: It is imperative that knowledge regarding oral health practices, preventive measures, risk factors of oral diseases should be imparted equally in the various socioeconomic areas of the country. Also, a widespread oral health plan to indoctrinate preventive knowledge as well as basic knowledge of oral health practices is strongly recommended.
DEVELOPMENT AND PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF PARENTAL EXPRESSED EMOTIONS SCALE
Authors: Akhtar Shammem , Bano Zaqia
Published: January 2021

Objective: To construct a scale and psychometric properties for the assessment of Parental expressed emotions scale in Urdu language.

Study Design: Cross sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Psychology, University of Gujrat, from Mar to Oct 2019.

Methodology: The initial item pool of 224 items was generated with the help of CFI (Camber well Family Interview description of parental expressed emotions scale, literature review and three focus groups with target population. Among the 124 expert evaluated items after pilot study 100 items were retained which included the five dimensions of parental expressed emotions scale including, Criticalcomments, Hostility, Emotional overinvolvement, Warmth and Positive remarks. Furthermore, in the final administration of this scales data were collected from 380 parents (both mothers & fathers) from the educational institutions and community of Gujrat using self-reported questionnaire. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and reliability analysis were implied for data scrutiny.

Results: The final administration of 100 items was handed over to 380 participants. The model fit showed a p-value of 0.000 that established the structure validity and significance of the items to its subscales. At the final stage among the 100 items 31 were reliable for further use.

Conclusion: A scale to measure parental expressed emotions in Urdu language is competently established with 31 questions andfive sub-scales.
ROLE OF ULTRASONOGRAPHY FOR EVALUATION OF ACUTE APPENDICITIS: A UNAMID EXPERIENCE
Authors: Hashmi Muhammad Tahsin , Taqi Irum , Taqi Amberin , Sarwar Hassan Junaid
Published: January 2021

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of ultrasound findings as compared to operative findings and positive predictive value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.

Study Design: Cross sectional study.

Place and Duration of Study: Pak Field Hospital – 7 (Level III) United Nations African Union Mission in Darfur (UNAMID) Darfur, Sudan, from Mar 2015 to Mar 2016.

Methodology: All patients presenting with clinically suspected acute appendicitis (Alvarado’s score >4) were referred for right lower quadrant sonography. Three point scale was used to grade sonographic findings ranging from grade 1 to grade 3. Fifty One patients with persistent symptoms and/or positive sonographic findings were operated. Operative findings were also graded on a 3 point scale. Subsequently, sonographic and operative findings were compared. Surgical findings were considered gold standard to assess diagnostic accuracy of sonography.

Results: Out of 51 patients 46 (90.2%) were males and 5 (9.8%) were females. Mean age of the patients was 32.3 ± 7.3 years. Among the study subjects, 15 (29.4%) patients were from Nigeria followed by 12 (23.5%) from Pakistan, 7 (13.7%) from Egypt and 17 (33.5%) from other countries.The sonographic findings were detected positive for acute appendicitis in 40 (78.4%) and negative in 11 (21.6%) out of 51. All Fifty-one patients underwent surgery. The surgical findings were positive for appendicitis in 43 patients (84.3%). Four patients with negative sonographic findings did have acute appendicitis according to surgical findings. The positive predictive value was 90.9%. There was good agreement between sonographicfindings and surgical findings..........
Küresel Markalara Yönelik Tutum ve Satın Alma Niyetini Etkileyen Faktörler Üzerine Bir Araştırma: Kümeleme Analizi ile Pazar Bölümleme
Authors: SÖYLEMEZ Cevat , SAHİN Fatih
Published: January 2021

Pazarlama alanında yapılan çalışmalar gelişmekte olan pazarlarda tüketicilerin tutum ve davranışlarının şekillenmesinde küresel markaların rolüne dikkat çekmektedirler. Özellikle psikolojik bağlamda küresel markalar tüketicilere bir kimlik, aidiyet ve başarı hissi sunmaktadır. Bu çerçevede tüketiciler genellikle yabancı pazar ve yerel pazar menşeli küresel marka seçimi ile karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Bu kapsamda ele alınan bu çalışmanın amacı, tüketicilerin küresel spor giyim markalarının ürünlerini satın alma davranışlarını etkileyen değişkenlerin incelenmesidir. Ayrıca incelenen değişkenler bakımından tüketicilerin pazar bölümleme için doğal kümelere ayrılıp ayrılmadıkları da incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda kolayda ve kartopu örnekleme yöntemleri kullanılarak 314 tüketici üzerinde anket çalışması yapılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda tüketicilerin küresel marka tutumları üzerinde küresel kimlik, küresel tüketim odaklılık ve materyalizmin etkisinin olduğu; tüketici kozmopolitanizmi ve özgünlük ihtiyacı değişkenlerinin ise anlamlı bir etkisinin olmadığı elde edilen bulgular arasındadır. Ayrıca ilgili değişkenler bakımından tüketicilerin üç farklı kümeye ayrıldığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
An Englishman William Henry Bartlett from 19th Century Istanbul Painters
Authors: ÇETİN Ufuk
Published: January 2021

William Henry Bartlett, bir İngiliz illüstratör ve ressamdır. Londra'nın kuzeybatısında Kentish Town'da, Camden’da doğmuştur. 19. yüzyılda yaşamıştır. Çalışmamızda kullanılan gravür resimlerini yapmasının sebebi İngiliz şair, araştırmacı ve gezgin Julia Pardoe’nun kitabı ile ilgilidir. Kentin birinci elden bilgisini deneyimlemiştir. Kitaptaki gravürler, bugün hala hayatta olan İstanbul'dan pek çok yeri göstermektedir. Bu gravürler oldukça ilginçtir. Bartlett’in gravürleri Batı dünyasında İstanbul ve Boğaz’a karşı büyük merak uyandırmıştır. Julia Pardoe’nun kitabında anlattığı ve Bartlett’in İstanbul'da yaptığı bazı gravürlerini bu kitapla tanıtmıştır. Eserlerinde görülen bu çalışmalar hem Bartlett’in hem de Julia Pardoe’nun oldukça popüler olmasına sebep olmuştur. Bu makalenin amacı İngiliz kökenli yabancı İstanbul ressamlarından biri olan Bartlett’i tanıtmaktır. Makalede formalizm ve biyografi yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Sonuç bölümünde ise ressamın sanatçı kişiliği, sanat ve kültür tarihine yaptığı katkı İstanbul gravür çalışmalarından örneklerle yorumlanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Güzelliğin Ontolojisine Dair
Authors: KARADEMİR Fevzi
Published: January 2021

Din, felsefe, sanat gibi disiplinlerin, üzerinde önemle durduğu konularından biri de güzelliktir. Güzellik, evren kompozisyonuna ilişkin bir kavram olduğundan evrenin hakikat ve hikmetine dair görüşler farklılaştıkça güzellik kavramına ilişkin izahlar da farklılaşmıştır.

Bu çalışmada doküman incelemesi yoluyla ulaşılan verilerden hareketle ana hatları ile güzelliğin ontolojisi ele alınmıştır. Önce genel Türkçe sözlüklerindeki anlamlarından hareketle güzelliğin kavramsal çerçevesine işaret edilmiş, daha sonra konu ile ilgili farklı görüşler ışığında güzelliğin estetikle ilişkisi, güzelliğin hakikati, güzelliğin hikmeti ve güzelliğin gizlenişi konuları üzerinde durulmuştur.

Ulaşılan veriler ışığında, mahiyetine ilişkin görüşler farklı olsa da güzelliğin bir hakikat olduğu, evrendeki güzelliklerin hikmetine ilişkin ileri sürülen Darwinist ve Marksist görüşlerin mantıklı gerekçelere dayanmadığı belirtilmiş; bu güzellikleri şuursuz tabiat ve tesadüfe veya insana atfetmenin izahının kolay olmadığı, güzelliklerin arkasında mutlak bir şuur ve iradenin bir zorunluluk olarak kendini gösterdiği vurgulanmıştır.
Rus Ordusunda Kırım Tatar Süvari Birlikleri 1806-1920
Authors: ARABACI Haci Murat
Published: January 2021

Rusya’nın 19 Nisan 1783’de Kırım’ı işgal etmesinin ardından, Rus idaresi bölgede kalıcı olabilmek için çeşitli politikalar üretmiştir. Bu uygulamalardan biri de, mırzaları kullanarak Kırım Tatar askerlerinden oluşan süvari birlikleri olmuştur. Bu alaylar, 1784-1920 yılları arasında değişik isimlerle, farklı sayılardan mürekkep ve farklı görevler için birkaç kez kurulmuş, kapatılmış, yeniden kurulmuştur. Bunlardan birincisi 1 Mart 1784-19 Aralık 1796 yılları arasında hizmet vermiştir. Ardından 1807 yılında yeniden kurulan 4 süvari birliği, 1812-1814 Napolyon Savaşlarında yer almış ve savaşın sona ermesinin akabinde 1817’de çarın emriyle lağvedilmiştir. 1827’de Kırım Tatar Süvari Muhafız Alayı adıyla kurulan birlik, 1863’te Çarın Özel Konvoyunda Kırım Tatar Süvari Muhafız Takımı’na dönüştürülmüş ve 2 Mayıs 1890'da kaldırılmasına karar verilmiştir. Zorunlu Askerlik Kanunu’nun çıkmasının ardından kurulan Kırım Alayı, 1906’da Kırım Süvari Alayı’na dönüştürülmüştür. 1909’da ise Kırım Süvari Alayı İmparatoriçe Aleksandra Födorovna'nın himayesine verilmiş ve adı Majesteleri İmparatoriçe Aleksandra Födorovna'nın Kırım Süvari Alayı olarak değiştirilmiştir. Çarın 4 Mart 1917'de tahttan çekilmesiyle adı yeniden Kırım Süvari Alayı yapılmıştır. I. Dünya Savaşı’nda cepheye gönderilen alay, savaş bitmeden çarlığın yıkılmasıyla, 11 Kasım 1917'de Simferopol'e dönerek Kırım Tatar Kurultayı’nın emrine girmiş ve adı I. Kırım Tatar Alayı olarak değiştirilmiştir. İç savaşta Bolşeviklerin saldırıları karşısında tutunamamışlar ve 1918’de Kırım Tatar Alayı fiilen sona ermiştir.
Ni una menos: Colombia’s Crisis of Gendered Violence during the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Averis Kate
Published: January 2021

In spite of the shared nature of the global suffering caused by pandemic, the lockdown imposed to reduce the spread of Covid-19 has exposed and exacerbated the crisis of gendered violence in Colombia. While many countries around the globe have reported an increase in gendered violence during the pandemic, Colombia’s lockdown has taken place in a context of already high rates of violence towards women and girls. Such an environment has proven propitious for the propagation of incidents of gendered violence throughout all strata of society, with indigenous women and girls, and those living in precarious conditions in particularly vulnerable and all too often life-threatening circumstances. This article charts the particular impact of the lockdown on women vulnerable to gendered violence in Colombia and discusses the reactions of – predominantly – female feminists, writers and film-makers to the crisis.
Pleas Through a Glass
Authors: Hammond Chad
Published: January 2021

A poem to give voice to struggle and to humanize faces behind the shields erected during the pandemic.
Who are you? What do you do? What do you bring? A florin!
Authors: Balma-Tivola Cristina
Published: January 2021

My contribution consists in some ethnographic notes taken by a freelance cultural anthropologist living in Turin (capital of Piedmont, in the North-West, one of the regions most affected by Covid19) on the situation of the pandemic in Italy as seen with a very informal participant observation. After a very short chronicle of the lockdown, useful to set the different phases of the lockdown in Italy and the timing of the events, I write about the many issues faced by Italian citizens in the period, from inequality in living the pandemic to grassroots initiatives to answers it, from reclusion conditions in a variety of contexts (house, prisons, retirement houses) to strategies to get out anyway (for good reasons), from stereotypes Italian are (sometimes correctly) perceived abroad to the misunderstanding of the instruction of personal distancing, from the concept of family to that of community. All this reporting my same participation to some initiatives and actions, introducing my reflections and moreover witnessing the irony we used to face the fear.
PENANGGULANGAN CYBER-TERRORISM MELALUI WEBSITE RADIKAL DALAM PERSPEKTIF DEMOKRASI PANCASILA
Authors: Gracesy Prisela Christy
Published: January 2021

Cyber-Terrorism masuk dalam kategori kejahatan lintas batas negara yang terorganisir dan telah ditetapkan sebagai kejahatan luar biasa.Analisa menunjukan bahwa Cyber-terrorism merupakan bentuk transformasi terror yang dilakukan oleh teroris dengan menjadikan jaringan internet sebagai alat atau sasaran serangan. Jenis kejahatan ini bermetamorfosis menjadi kejahatan yang bersifat lintas negara. Pelakunya bisa berasal dari wilayah negara mana saja yang berakibat hukum pada identitas yang berimplikasi pada penentuan jurisdiksi pengadilan. Akibat makna-makna negatif yang dikandung oleh perkataan "teroris" dan "terorisme" para teroris umumnya menyebut diri mereka sebagai separatis, pejuang pembebasan, militan, mujahidin, dan lain-lain. Dengan rangkian jalur yang cukup maju ini maka dibutuhkan kerjasama yang bersifat global atau internegara. Salah satu solusinya setiap negara harus melakukan sinkronisasi tentang peraturan perundang-undangan yang khusus mengatur tentang Cyberterror.
Some Precautionary Measures to Avoid COVID-19 Spread Among Workers
Authors: Mahdi Rasha Kadhim , Jabuk Sura I.A. , Al-Mamoori Shaymaa O. H. , Naji Noor Saadallah
Published: January 2021

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a SARS-CoV-2 virus-caused It is critical for every worker to prepare for COVID-19 now to eliminate the impact of COVID-19 epidemic conditions on companies, staff, consumers and the public. Workers must maintain employee social distance activities and monitor the flow of customers; regular and sufficient hand-washing, facilities and surface sanitation for workers; and maintain stay for sick worker’s home or go home if they feel ill. As well as the organization should put in place the proceeding safety precautions at all places of work such as public Health Laws and Procedures, reducing the meeting and if applicable join meetings by mobiles, cleaning the workplace always with disinfecting fluids and training the workers on wearing the protective equipment's and avoid the closing contact between.
The Effect of Food Additives (Monosodium Glutamate - MSG) On Human Health - A Critical Review
Authors: Al-Agili Zahraa Hameed
Published: January 2021

According to the famous saying of the medieval physician Paracelsus, "There is no substance without poison. Only the dose determines the extent of the toxic effect." Here, the effect of monosodium glutamate (MSG) on human health and the risks to the health of its frequent use in the short term was addressed and the long term was evaluated according to the studies of several researchers specializing in this regard. Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is known as one of the most popular food additives that classified as a flavor enhancer. Parts of the evidence were reviewed from the literature explaining its effect on immune system cells in addition to metabolic disorders by exposing individuals to obesity and what is known as metabolic syndrome, as well as reviewing a lot of evidence indicating the effect of MSG intake on the health of the kidney, liver and other parts of the body through Practical application to laboratory rats and clinical studies in humans.
The Impact of the Corona Pandemic On the Expansion of External Borrowing in Egypt
Authors: Shehada Shady Ibrahim Hassan
Published: January 2021

External borrowing is one of the alternatives to help countries, especially developing ones, to overcome capital scarcity, and in light of the spread of the Corona pandemic that threatens both developed and developing economies. Most developing countries have turned to external borrowing to deal with the repercussions of the Coruna epidemic. Egypt, like other countries affected by the Corona pandemic, therefore this study aimed to study the impact of the Corona pandemic on the expansion of external borrowing in Egypt, where the researcher focused on the size of external loans before and after the pandemic. To achieve this object, the researcher relied in his methodology on the descriptive analytical approach through dealing with information and studies on the subject of the research, with the use of the quantitative approach in presenting data and analyzing it. The study concluded that the Corona pandemic had negatively affected government revenues from foreign exchange in Egypt, which led to a decline in the Egyptian foreign reserve, which leads to expansion in external borrowing and more foreign loans.
A golpe de sala
Authors: Editor El
Published: January 2021

No abstract avaible.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 70, No. 740, 2015: 3-13.
Justicia transicional en El Salvador
Authors: Pineda Depaz Salvador Ernesto
Published: January 2021

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 70, No. 740, 2015: 131-156.
La incurable otredad del ser
Authors: Blanco Amalio
Published: January 2021

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 71, No. 745, 2016: 227-258.
Mons. Romero
Authors: Cardenal Rodolfo
Published: January 2021

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos,Vol. 72, No. 748, 2017: 115-117.
Luchar por el monopolio de la violencia. Las rondas nocturnas de los residentes de “El Barrio” (Ciudad de Guatemala)
Authors: Grassi Paolo
Published: January 2021

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 73, No. 752, 2018: 11-23.
El capitalismo, generador de la violencia Guerra o transformación estructural de los barrios y caseríos en El Salvador
Authors: Hernández Pico Juan
Published: January 2021

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 73, No. 752, 2018: 87-105.
La migración irregular
Authors: Editor El
Published: January 2021

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 73, No. 753, 2018: 113-117
Maltrato infantil
Authors: Platero Sánchez Sandra María , Romero Avelar Lucía Isabel , Velásquez Rivas Rafael Alejandro
Published: January 2021

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 73, No. 755, 2018: 857-876
La amenaza de una nueva amnistía y la resistencia pacífica de las víctimas de El Mozote
Authors: Editor El
Published: January 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 74, No. 757, 2019: 177-182.
Los asocios público-privados
Authors: Alfaro Salvador Orlando
Published: January 2021

No abstract available.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 74, No. 757, 2019: 237-253.
A treinta años del martirio de Ignacio Ellacuría
Authors: Brito Marcela
Published: January 2021

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 74, No. 759, 2019: 433-437
Calculation Morse potential parameters under temperature and pressure effects in expanded X-ray absorption fine structure spectra
Authors: Nguyen Ba Duc , Trinh Phi Hiep , Vu Quang Tho , Nguyen Van Thu
Published: January 2021

A new method for estimating the effective parameters of Morse potential under thermal disorder and pressure effects for materials has crystals structure developed by using the energy of sublimation, the compressibility, and the lattice constant. Use the Morse potential parameters received to calculate the mean square relative displacement, spring constants, anharmonic interatomic effective potential, and local force constant for silicic and germanium semiconductor crystals, are the materials have diamond structure crystals. The received results suitable for the experimental values and other theories.
TỔNG QUAN NGHIÊN CỨU CHIẾN LƯỢC NÂNG CAO DẠY TỪ VỰNG TIẾNG ANH
Authors: Nguyễn Hương Lan
Published: January 2021

Có vốn từ vựng tiếng Anh tốt đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc học ngôn ngữ thứ hai bởi vì nếu không có đủ vốn từ vựng người học khó có thể hiểu người nói tiếng Anh hoặc diễn tả quan điểm của mình bằng tiếng Anh. Bài viết này thực hiện tổng quan nghiên cứu về sự cần thiết áp dụng một số phương pháp hiệu quả để nâng cao việc giảng dạy từ vựng tiếng Anh. Kết quả đã chỉ ra rằng giảng viên nên sử dụng các thủ thuật giảng dạy từ vựng khác nhau như giảng dạy từ vựng chủ động, tự nhiên, và tự học. Dựa vào 3 phương pháp này, một số khuyến nghị sư phạm về phát triển từ vựng được đề xuất như là nguồn tham khảo hữu ích cho giảng viên tiếng Anh khai thác các cơ hội giảng dạy từ vựng hiệu quả thông qua các chiến lược giảng dạy từ vựng khác nhau.
ANALISIS TINGKAT KERUSAKAN JALAN LENTUR DENGAN METODE PAVEMENT CONDITION INDEX (PCI) STUDI KASUS RUAS JALAN POROS LAMASI-WALENRANG KABUPATEN LUWU
Authors: Fikri Muhammad
Published: January 2021

Faktor yang sering dianggap menjadi masalah terhadap kerusakan jalan bagi masyrakat yang ada disekitar jalan Poros Kecamatan Lamasi ialah faktor kendaraan yang sering melintas diruas jalan yang melebihi beban muatan (overload), di samping itu mungkin masih banyak faktor penyebab kerusakanlainnya. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi kondisi perkerasan jalan untuk mengetahui jenis dan tingkat kerusakan yang terjadi serta menghitung jenis dan tingkat kerusakan jalan agar diperoleh nilai Pavement Condition Index (PCI) sehingga dapat menentukan jenis perbaikandan pemeliharaan yang sesuai. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan mengevaluasi jenis - jenis kerusakan yang terjadi sesuai dengan tingkat kerusakannya yaitu dengan cara mengukur panjang, luas dan kedalaman terhadap tiap - tiap jenis kerusakan serta menghitung nilai (density, deduct value, total deduct value, corrected deduct value), sehingga kemudian akan didapat nilai PCI yang merupakan acuan dalam penilaian kondisi perkerasan jalan. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan maka didapat nilai Pavement Condition Index (PCI) untuk ruas jalan poros Kecamatan Lamasi, Kabupaten Luwu adalah53,92. Dari nilai PCI yang didapat maka ruas jalan ini termasuk dalam klasifikasi sedang (fair).
ANALISA KESEIMBANGAN AIR PADA DAERAH IRIGASI SALOBUNNE KABUPATEN SOPPENG
Authors: Turu Musyafir
Published: January 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini agar dapat menghitung kebutuhan air dan mengetahui sumber air beserta siklusnya sehingga terjadinya keseimbangan dengan penyesuaian yang sesuai dan meningkatkan intensitas tanaman maupun luas tanaman sehingga produksi lahan meningkat. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh Luas areal D.I. Salobunne Kab. Soppeng adalah 1386 Ha dengan luas Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) sebesar 53,10 km2. Sungai Salobunne tidak dapat mengairi secara keseluruhan areal irigasi pada daerah irigasi Salobunne, disebabkan karena kurangnya debit pada Sungai Salobunne.Luas areal irigasi rata-rata perbulan yang dapat diairi oleh Sungai Salobunne adalah untuk padi-padi-palawija = ±84,22 % ( ± 1167,25 Ha ), untuk padi-palawija-palawija ± 85,10 % ( ± 1179,44 Ha), untuk palawijapadi- palawija ± 89,76 % ( ± 1244,12 Ha ). Adapun pola tanam yang paling efektif digunakan padaD.I. Salobunne yaitu palawija-padi-palawija.
ANALISIS EKSPERIMEN PADA KOROSI PELAT BAJA YANG MENGALAMI BEBAN TEKUK
Authors: Sulaiman Lusman , Chun Pang-Jo , Ohga Mitao
Published: January 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi sisa kapasitas kekuatan korosi pelat baja yang terlihat pada bagian struktur baja yang mengalami beban tekuk agar tetap pada kondisi layak digunakan, hingga perlu pebaikan atau rekonstruksi pada waktu yang tepat. Pelat baja ini diperoleh dari potongan girder jembatan yang mengalami korosi karena adanya reaksi kimia dengan lingkungan sekitarnya selama bertahun-tahun dan mereduksi ketebalannya serta membentuk permukaannya menjadi irreguler. Kemudian, spesimen uji tersebut dibentuk sesuai standar specimen pengujian Japanese Industrial Standard JIS No. 5 dan dianalisis secara eksperimen untuk mengevaluasi sisa kapasitas kekuatannya. Parameter yang diperhitungkan pada pengujian ini yaitu nilai ketebalan minimum, permukaan irregular korosi baja dan eksentrisitasnya. Dari hasil pengujian korosi pelat baja yang mengalami beban tekuk kompresi ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa konfigurasi permukaan dan eksentrisitasnya menurunkan kemampuan korosipelat baja dalam memikul beban.
STRATEGI OPTIMALISASI PENGGUNAAN INTERNET TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA: STUDI KASUS SMA NEGERI 1 BURAU
Authors: Dani Ahmad Ali Hakam
Published: January 2021

SMA Negeri 1 Burau menyadari pentingnya penerapan penggunaan internet untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa agar sesuai dengan standar yang sekolah tentukan. Oleh karena itu, penggunaan internet yang optimal perlu dilakukan untuk memenuhi target yang sekolah tentukan. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif, dengan menggunakan kerangka kerja system thinking dalam penyusunan strategi optimalisasi penggunaan internet di SMA Negeri 1 Burau. Penyusunan strategi optimalisasi menggunakan analisis SWOT, kemudian memetakan strategi-strategi yang diperoleh ke dalam tiga kategori, yaitu kategori berdasarkan pencapaian kinerja maksimal, kategori berdasarkan penggunaan biaya minimal, dan kategori berdasarkan kombinasi terbaik dari pencapaian kinerja dan penggunaan biaya. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah strategi optimalisasi penggunaan internet yang sudah dikategorikan berdasarkan tiga kategori yang telah disebutkan sebelumnya, yang dapat dijadikan dasar atau acuan dalam model pembelajaran dengan menggunakan internet untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar siswa dan meningkatkan mutu pendidikan di sekolah ini