bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Caracterização e comportamento higroscópico do pó da polpa de cajá liofilizada
Authors: Oliveira Gleison S. , Costa José M. C. da , Afonso Marcos R. A.
Published: September 2014

A higroscopicidade de um alimento desidratado está ligada à sua estabilidade física, química e microbiológica. Este trabalho teve como objetivos a caracterização físico-química e o comportamento higroscópico dos pós da polpa de cajá liofilizada contendo maltodextrina (DE20). Foram feitas as análises de umidade, pH, sólidos solúveis, acidez total titulável, ácido ascórbico, açúcares, cor, higroscopicidade e o grau de caking. Para obtenção das isotermas os modelos de BET, GAB, Henderson e Oswin na temperatura de 25 ºC foram ajustados e avaliados. A adição de maltodextrina à polpa de cajá resultou em um pó com menor higroscopicidade e grau de caking. Além disto, os resultados demonstraram que a adição da maltodextrina confere um pó estatisticamente diferente (p < 0,05) do pó sem adição de maltodextrina com relação ao teor de umidade, sólidos solúveis, acidez total titulável, ácido ascórbico, açúcares e cor. As isotermas dos pós apresentaram comportamento do tipo III, característico de materiais ricos em carboidratos. Os resultados mostraram que os melhores ajustes para as isotermas foram os modelos de BET e Henderson para o pó da polpa de cajá integral e o pó adicionado de maltodextrina, respectivamente.
Operação de transporte e tempo de descanso na incidência de carne PSE em suínos
Authors: Machado Sivanilza T. , Santos Rodrigo C. , Caldara Fabiana R. , Gonçalves Manoel C. , Jordan Rodrigo A. , Reis João G. M. dos
Published: September 2014

Este estudo foi conduzido com o objetivo de investigar a incidência de carne PSE (pale, soft and exudative) em suínos abatidos em um abatedouro comercial, localizado em Mato Grosso do Sul, no período de maio de 2009 a julho de 2010. A partir do banco de dados (n = 854 carcaças), aplicou-se a regressão logística múltipla com a finalidade de desenvolver um modelo para constatar a influência das variáveis selecionadas na probabilidade de risco de incidência de carne PSE. Desta forma, a variável dependente foi construída pela identificação de carne PSE em carcaças de suínos com valores de pH45 inferior ou igual a 5,8. Para obtenção do modelo com maior capacidade de predição foram aplicados o método de máxima verossimilhança para estimação de parâmetros e a técnica stepwise para seleção de variáveis explicativas. As variáveis selecionadas com maior poder de predição foram: temperatura de carcaça, tempo de embarque, velocidade média durante o transporte e o tempo de descanso médio dos animais nas baias. O modelo obtido apresentou capacidade de predição de 91,8%.
Evaluation of wood volume in young eucalyptus trees with and without irrigation
Authors: Lopes Adriano da S. , Folegatti Marcos V. , Oliveira Gabriel Q. de , Fanaya Júnior Eder D. , Belchior Isabela B. , Brito Kelvin R. M.
Published: September 2014

Irrigation management has mostly been performed without criteria and, studies in relation to field-irrigated eucalyptus development are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate wood volume equations based on stem (trunk) diameter of two eucalyptus hybrids in initial development, with and without irrigation. The experiment was set up in Aquidauana, State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, from April, 2011 to March, 2012, with the eucalyptus hybrids, Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Grancam) and Eucalyptus urophylla x Eucalyptus grandis (Urograndis). Evaluations were performed during the first year of crop development in which five mathematical models were tested for estimation of wood volume (Berkhout; Koperzik & Gehrhardt; Exponential; Brenac; Hohenald & Krenn). The best models for estimation of wood volume of young plants are Brenac, Exponential and Hohenald & Krenn. The Brenac equation shows highest precision for estimating wood volume as a function of diameter at 5 cm height from the ground, with precision greater than 99% for plants up to 12 months of age, regardless of the use of irrigation.
Desenvolvimento de dosador de sementes com dupla saída para disco horizontal
Authors: Vianna Leonardo R. , Reis Ângelo V. dos , Machado Antônio L. T.
Published: September 2014

Na intenção de fornecer uma alternativa tecnicamente adequada aos pequenos agricultores, foi projetado e construído um protótipo de dosador de sementes do tipo disco horizontal com duas saídas de sementes para as culturas de milho e feijão que, posteriormente, será incorporado a uma semeadora de pequeno porte que atenda às necessidades da agricultura familiar. O mecanismo dosador incorporou componentes disponíveis no mercado de peças de reposição para várias marcas de dosadores. Foram utilizados processos de fabricação usuais estabelecidos dentro de classes de tolerância, que permitem a fabricação por empresas metalúrgicas de pequeno porte. O protótipo finalizado foi testado quanto à dosagem e montagem/desmontagem, comparado com o desempenho de dosador comercial também semelhante, com duas saídas, porém com disco de maior diâmetro. O desempenho do protótipo foi similar àquele do dosador comercial semelhante indicando a viabilidade de sua utilização no projeto de uma semeadora de precisão para pequenos agricultores.
RETÓRICA, ARGUMENTAÇÃO E DISCURSO EM RETROSPECTIVA
Authors: Paulinelli Maysa de Pádua Teixeira
Published: September 2014

Neste trabalho, propomos a elaboração de uma retrospectiva dos estudos da argumentação de procedência retórica, com vistas à reconstrução crítica dos percursos trilhados desde o mundo clássico, até as pesquisas mais contemporâneas no âmbito da Análise do Discurso. Discorremos inicialmente sobre a retórica clássica e, sem seguida, apresentamos os postulados da Nova Retórica, de Chaïm Perelman, e da argumentação no discurso, de Ruth Amossy. Após identificar e correlacionar os principais aspectos de cada corpo teórico, concluímos que a Nova Retórica é um modelo filosófico cujas categorias apresentam dificuldades práticas de operacionalização, devido a seu alto grau de abstração. Dessa forma, ao articular os postulados filosóficos de Perelman e as contribuições da Análise do Discurso, Amossy promove um notável avanço no campo dos estudos da argumentação, fornecendo ao pesquisador um referencial teórico-metodológico que permite a realização de uma ampla análise linguístico-discursiva de diversos corpora de natureza persuasiva.
Sobre os obstáculos discursivos para a atenção integral e humanizada à saúde de pessoas transexuais
Authors: Borba Rodrigo
Published: September 2014

Este artigo problematiza alguns obstáculos discursivos para o cuidado integral e humanizado à saúde de pessoas transexuais no Processo Transexualizador brasileiro. Para tanto, faz-se o cotejamento das experiências de Agnes, uma participante da Clínica de Gênero da UCLA na década de 1950, e Vitória, atual usuária de um dos programas de transgenitalização brasileiros, com instâncias classificadoras. Argumenta-se que, embora estejam temporal e geograficamente distantes, Agnes e Vitória engajam-se em performances identitárias muito semelhantes balizadas por uma política narrativo-essencialista que patologiza e homogeneíza as transexualidades. Defende-se que tal política pode ser desafiada por microrresistências narrativo-performativas, i.e., histórias de vida que mostrem às instâncias classificadoras/diagnosticadoras in situ as multiplicidades que constituem nossa vida generificada e possam, enfim, produzir, performativamente, novos regimes identitários em consonância com a fragmentação que nos é constitutiva. Com isso, argumenta-se que a despatologização da transexualidade é central para a construção de relações intersubjetivas entre equipes médicas e usuários/as transexuais baseadas em confiança mútua, salientando, assim, seu potencial para a humanização do cuidado à saúde.
Elementos teóricos para el análisis del embarazo adolescente
Authors: Jesús Reyes David De , González Almontes Esmeralda
Published: September 2014

A partir de una amplia revisión de literatura, se analizan los principales supuestos teóricos utilizados en la investigación del embarazo adolescente y que lo hacen ver como un problema, de salud, socioeconómico y demográfico. En este artículo, dichos supuestos se contrastan y complementan con otras perspectivas y resultados de investigación, tanto de México como de América Latina, para con ello contribuir al debate teórico en el tema y ampliar la visión de este fenómeno.
¿Honrar a Rosa Parks? Intentos de los sectores católicos conservadores a favor de los "derechos" en la América Latina contemporánea
Authors: Morgan Lynn M.
Published: September 2014

Cuando en el año 2009 se otorgó en Argentina el Premio Rosa Parks a una senadora conservadora por su oposición abierta al uso de anticonceptivos, a la esterilización y al aborto, era evidente que algo extraño ocurría. En este artículo se documenta la apropiación de los discursos de "derechos humanos" por parte de los sectores católicos conservadores en América Latina, donde el éxito reciente de los movimientos sociales a favor de los derechos sexuales y reproductivos ha generado una reacción significativa. En particular, se indagan los esfuerzos por parte de académicos católicos especialistas en leyes para justificar lo que denominan "un enfoque distintivamente latinoamericano hacia los derechos humanos", dejando de lado décadas de activismo por los derechos humanos emprendido por otros sectores. Quienes se oponen a los derechos reproductivos y sexuales despliegan un discurso de derechos de forma selectiva y estratégica, utilizándolo como una cubierta secular para promover políticas pro-vida y pro-familia.
Erythroxylaceae no Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil
Authors: Costa-Lima James Lucas da , Loiola Maria Iracema Bezerra , Jardim Jomar Gomes
Published: September 2014

O presente estudo tem como objetivo contribuir para o conhecimento das espécies de Erythroxylaceae ocorrentes no estado do Rio Grande do Norte. O trabalho tem por base a análise morfológica de materiais depositados em herbários e coletas de campo, além da compilação de dados de literatura. Foram registradas 11 espécies: Erythroxylum barbatum, E. caatingae, E. nummularia, E. passerinum, E. pungens, E. revolutum, E. rimosum, E. simonis, E. squamatum, E. subrotundum e E. vacciniifolium, das quais sete são citadas pela primeira vez no Rio Grande do Norte. Chave para identificação, descrições, ilustrações, dados sobre hábitat, fenologia e distribuição geográfica das espécies são apresentados.
Flora do Ceará, Brasil: Capparaceae
Authors: Soares Neto Raimundo Luciano , Magalhães Francisco Átila Leles , Tabosa Francisco Romário Silva , Moro Marcelo Freire , Costa e Silva Maria Bernadete , Loiola Maria Iracema Bezerra
Published: September 2014

Capparaceae compreende 25 gêneros e aproximadamente 500 espécies de ampla distribuição no mundo, ocorrendo especialmente nas regiões tropicais e subtropicais, estando bem representada em florestas tropicais sazonalmente secas. No Brasil, ocorrem 12 gêneros e 28 espécies, das quais 12 são endêmicas. Os representantes de Capparaceae são plantas lenhosas, com folhas simples ou 3-folioladas (Crateva), flores com ovário elevado por um ginóforo exserto e fruto carnoso. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever as espécies de Capparaceae ocorrentes no Ceará e mostrar sua distribuição no estado, visando contribuir para o conhecimento e entendimento da flora local. O estudo foi baseado na análise de amostras obtidas durante expedições a campo, coleções pertencentes aos herbários EAC, HUEFS, HVASF, IPA e UFRN, bibliografias e fotografias de tipos. A Flora de Capparaceae do Ceará é composta por cinco espécies: Capparidastrum frondosum, Crateva tapia, Cynophalla flexuosa, Cynophalla hastata e Neocalyptrocalyx longifolium. Esse estudo apresenta chave de identificação, descrições, comentários sobre aspectos ecológicos e fenológicos, mapas de distribuição e ilustrações dos táxons.
Composição específica e distribuição da comunidade de macrófitas aquáticas no reservatório de aimorés
Authors: Pitelli R.L.C.M. , Pitelli-Merenda A.M.C.M. , Pitelli R.A. , Siqueira R.C. , Barbosa H.O. , Jesus L.
Published: September 2014

O reservatório de Aimorés é formado pelo represamento do Rio Doce e tem duas partes distintas: uma porção do rio que foi alagada e um canal de adução formado pelo desvio do rio em direção à usina geradora de energia elétrica. O levantamento das populações de macrófitas aquáticas presentes e o dimensionamento da área infestada são de suma importância para estabelecimento e avaliação do plano de manejo do reservatório e foi o objetivo deste trabalho. A colonização do reservatório cresceu de 39,2 para 92,5 hectares entre os meses de março e junho de 2009, decrescendo paulatinamente no período posterior, até atingir 39,9 hectares em janeiro de 2010. Esse decréscimo foi atribuído à implementação de plano de manejo, especialmente pela destruição de habitats para crescimento de Eichhornia crassipes. A comunidade de macrófitas aquáticas apresentou 31 espécies, pertencentes a 16 famílias botânicas. As espécies mais frequentes foram E.crassipes, Salvinia molesta, Paspalum repens, Oxycaryum cubense, Urochloa subquadripara e Hymenachne amplexicaulis. A família botânica mais representativa em termos de riqueza em espécies foi Poaceae, com seis representantes, seguida por Cyperaceae, com três.
Growth and development of sourgrass based on days or thermal units
Authors: Marques B.S. , Silva A.P.P. , Lima R.S.O. , Machado E.C.R. , Gonçalves M.F. , Carvalho S.J.P.
Published: September 2014

This work was carried out with the objective of evaluating growth and development of sourgrass (Digitaris insularis) based on days or thermal units (growing degree days - GDD). Two independent trials were developed aiming to quantify the species' phenological development and total dry matter accumulation in increasing or decreasing photoperiod conditions. Plants were grown in 4 L plastic pots, filled with commercial substrate, adequately fertilized. In each trial, nine growth evaluations were carried out, with three replicates. Phenological development of sourgrass was correctly fit to time scale in days or GDD, through linear equation of first degree. Sourgrass has slow initial growth, followed by exponential dry matter accumulation, in increasing photoperiod condition. Maximum total dry matter was 75 and 6 g per plant for increasing and decreasing photoperiod conditions, respectively. Thus, phenological development of sourgrass may be predicted by mathematical models based on days or GDD; however, it should be noted that other environmental variables interfere on the species' growth (mass accumulation), especially photoperiod.
Micorrização, nodulação e produção da soja roundup ready após a aplicação de diferentes formulações de glyphosate
Authors: Reis M.R. , Reis R.M. , Almeida W.L. , Carvalho A.M.X. , Ronchi C.P. , Dias R.C.
Published: September 2014

Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar o efeito de diferentes formulações à base de glyphosate sobre a colonização micorrízica e nodulação no cultivar de soja RR TMG 125. Os experimentos foram desenvolvidos em condições de campo, em Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo, durante os anos agrícolas 2010/2011 e 2011/2012. Os tratamentos constaram da aplicação da dose de 720 g e.a. ha-1 das seguintes formulações de glyphosate: Trop®, Roundup Original®, Roundup Ultra®, Roundup WG®, Roundup Transorb R® e Zapp Qi®, além de duas testemunhas (capinada e não capinada). Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. A matéria seca da parte aérea, nodulação e produtividade de soja não foram influenciadas pelas diferentes formulações de glyphosate. Para a colonização micorrízica, observou-se efeito positivo da formulação Roundup Original®, em relação à testemunha capinada; no entanto, esse efeito não foi contínuo nos dois anos de experimento. A variável número de nódulos foi mais afetada pelas formulações de glyphosate testadas.
First report of Amaranthus viridis resistance to herbicides
Authors: Francischini A.C. , Constantin J. , Oliveira JR. R.S. , Santos G. , Braz G.B.P. , Dan H.A.
Published: September 2014

Due to the limited number of herbicides registered for the control of dicot weeds in cotton crops, ALS inhibitors have been used on an intensive and recurrent basis. Given that, cases of poor weed control have been described after application of these herbicides in the main cotton producing areas in Brazil, the purpose of the present work was to evaluate the occurrence of resistance to ALS herbicides in Amaranthus viridis biotypes from those areas. Dose-response curves were prepared after pre-emergence applications of trifloxysulfuron-sodium (0; 1.8; 3.7; 7.5; 15 and 30 g ha-1) and pyrithiobac-sodium (0; 35; 70; 140; 280 and 560 g ha-1), equivalent to 0, ¼, ½, 1, 2 and 4 times the recommended commercial rates. The selection of trifloxysulfuron-sodium resistant biotypes of A. viridis was confirmed in samples from Bahia (BA 7, BA 8, BA 9 and BA 11). However, no resistance to pyrithiobac-sodium was found for biotypes either from Bahia or from Mato Grosso do Sul.
Effect of zone and crops rotation on Ischaemum rugosum and resistance to bispyribac-sodium in Ariari, Colombia
Authors: Plaza G. , Hernández F.A.
Published: September 2014

The objectives of this research were to evaluate (1) weed species presented in rice fields in relation to the geographical zone and crop rotation and (2) the resistance level of Ischaemum rugosum to the herbicide bispyribac-sodium. For the first objective, were sampled 79 commercial fields of rice to establish weed density, coverage, and rotation system in the evaluated fields with record of bispyribac-sodium application of at least five years. To reach the second objective, the seeds were collected from plants in commercial fields with different control levels of bispyribac-sodium herbicide. Seeds were germinated in trays under controlled conditions. When plants presented three leaves these were treated with bispyribac-sodium at different doses. Percentages of control and dry weight of plants were evaluated 12 days after treatments (dat). Dominant species in evaluated fields was I. rugosum, with a frequency of 100%, presenting escapes to different chemical commercial treatments. No significant differences were recorded between rotation systems, nevertheless, the most of I. rugosum population was found in the system rice-fallow-rice. The response of applications at different concentrations allows concluding that 65% of samples had resistance at different degrees reported as indexes from 2 to 42 which are related to rotation systems.
Ética aristotélica em Marx?
Authors: Lima Alexandre
Published: September 2014

Alguns filósofos e economistas buscam fundamentar eticamente a economia, a fim de voltar a subordiná-la à política, apelando, inclusive, para uma aproximação entre Marx e Aristóteles a partir da teoria da práxis. Este artigo pretende analisar em que sentido os conceitos aristotélicos de ação, produção, ato e potência exercem influência sobre Marx. Afirma que, contrariamente ao que muitos filósofos da moral defendem, são as investigações de Aristóteles sobre economia que serviram como ponto de partida para a fundamentação da crítica à economia política elaborada por Marx, enquanto que a ética e a política aristotélicas são apenas secundárias para a teoria marxiana.
Los momentos políticos de Lévinas: desde una trama "anti-política" hasta su estado justo e igualitario
Authors: Castro-Serrano Borja
Published: September 2014

En varios pasajes de la obra de Lévinas vemos que su manera de presentarse frente a lo político es ambigua. O bien, resulta mejor decir que solo en apariencia el "objeto" de lo político en sus reflexiones sobre la justicia y el Estado resultan claras; hay una suerte de equívoco que vale la pena precisar y distinguir. Así, el objetivo central de este trabajo es describir dos momentos políticos en Lévinas leídos en clave Estado, como una figura posible de la política; desentrañamos así la trama anti-política en tanto crítica política al Estado, para llegar a la trama del Estado justo e igualitario, lo que abre nuevas puertas para pensar lo político. A partir de esta descripción reflexionamos, por un lado, una postura crítica frente a las ideas sobre el Estado de Lévinas desde las vinculaciones ético-políticas que hace, tal como la de Alberto Sucasas. Y por otro, en contraposición a éstas, las interesantes y extravagantes lecturas que hace Miguel Abensour de Lévinas creyendo que las relaciones ético-políticas levinasianas aportan a renovar críticamente una nueva figura de Estado dejando el terreno político y estatal abierto a nuevas reflexiones.
Has social justice any legitimacy in Kant's theory of right? The empirical conditions of the legal state as a civil union
Authors: Sánches Madrid Nuria
Published: September 2014

This paper aims at shedding light on an obscure point in Kant's theory of the state. It discusses whether Kant's rational theory of the state recognises the fact that certain exceptional social situations, such as the extreme poverty of some parts of the population, could request institutional state support in order to guarantee the attainment of a minimum threshold of civil independence. It has three aims: 1) to show that Kant's Doctrine of Right can offer solutions for the complex relation between economics and politics in our present time; 2) to demonstrate the claim that Kant embraces a pragmatic standpoint when he tackles the social concerns of the state, and so to refute the idea that he argues for an abstract conception of politics; and 3) to suggest that a non-paternalistic theory of rights is not necessarily incompatible with the basic tenets of a welfare state.
Wave action modifies the effects of consumer diversity and warming on algal assemblages
Authors: Mrowicki Robert J. , O'Connor Nessa E.
Published: September 2014

To understand the consequences of biodiversity loss, it is necessary to test how biodiversity–ecosystem functioning relationships may vary with predicted environmental change. In particular, our understanding will be advanced by studies addressing the interactive effects of multiple stressors on the role of biodiversity across trophic levels. Predicted increases in wave disturbance and ocean warming, together with climate‐driven range shifts of key consumer species, are likely to have profound impacts on the dynamics of coastal marine communities. We tested whether wave action and temperature modified the effects of gastropod grazer diversity (Patella vulgata, Littorina littorea, and Gibbula umbilicalis) on algal assemblages in experimental rock pools. The presence or absence of L. littorea appeared to drive changes in microalgal and macroalgal biomass and macroalgal assemblage structure. Macroalgal biomass also decreased with increasing grazer species richness, but only when wave action was enhanced. Further, independently of grazer diversity, wave action and temperature had interactive effects on macroalgal assemblage structure. Warming also led to a reversal of grazer–macroalgal interaction strengths from negative to positive, but only when there was no wave action. Our results show that hydrodynamic disturbance can exacerbate the effects of changing consumer diversity, and may also disrupt the influence of other environmental stressors on key consumer–resource interactions. These findings suggest that the combined effects of anticipated abiotic and biotic change on the functioning of coastal marine ecosystems, although difficult to predict, may be substantial.
Methane Emissions From Natural-Gas Systems: A Comparative Assessment for Select Industry Segments
Authors: Ritter K.. , Shires T.M.. M. , Lev-On M..
Published: September 2014

The recent rapid expansion of natural-gas developments and usage worldwide are bringing into focus the need to improve understanding and characterization of greenhouse-gas (GHG) emission sources, including methane (CH4), associated with petroleum and natural-gas systems. New production technologies and practices, including those involving hydraulic fracturing, necessitate a thorough review of existing quantification methods for fugitive CH4 emissions from venting, flaring, and equipment leaks associated with petroleum and natural-gas systems and operations.

In the past few years, widely divergent estimates have emerged regarding CH4 emissions from the US natural-gas-industry sector. Some discrepancies noted by industry surveys have led to a thorough review of newly available information and are leading to the improvement of estimation methods and emission factors associated with activities that comprise natural-gas systems. This has manifested itself in the engineering estimations that are used for compiling the national GHG Emissions Inventory and in the methods used by companies for reporting under the mandatory national GHG Reporting Program. Both the inventory and the reporting program are programs of the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

This paper presents results of a comparative analysis of GHG-emissions data, including CH4, for key industry segments such as on-shore natural-gas production and natural-gas processing and their contribution to the Petroleum and Natural Gas Systems sector. The data analyzed will contrast the “top-down” assessments used in developing the GHG Emissions Inventory with the “bottom-up” estimation of actual emissions as reported under Subpart W of the GHG Reporting Program. The analysis will provide a comparison of the estimation methods and evaluation of the contribution of key sources with overall CH4 emissions.

The ultimate goal of this effort is to incorporate the new information that is becoming available into consistent methods that can be used both for national GHG inventory development and for corporate reporting. Harmonization of these methods is expected to contribute to informing the public debate on natural-gas use and its role in mitigating overall GHG emissions.
The energy cost of water independence: the case of Singapore
Authors: Vincent Lenouvel , Michel Lafforgue , Catherine Chevauché , Pauline Rhétoré
Published: September 2014

Finding alternative resources to secure or increase water availability is a key issue in most urban areas. This makes the research of alternative and local water resources of increasing importance. In the context of political tension with its main water provider (Malaysia), Singapore has been implementing a comprehensive water policy for some decades, which relies on water demand management and local water resource mobilisation in order to reach water self-sufficiency by 2060. The production of water from alternative resources through seawater desalination or water reclamation implies energy consumptive technologies such as reverse osmosis. In the context of increasing energy costs and high primary energy dependency, this water self-sufficiency objective is likely to be an important challenge for Singapore. The aim of this paper is to quantify the long-term impact of Singapore's water policy on the national electricity bill and to investigate the impact of Singapore's projects to reduce its water energy footprint. We estimate that 2.0% of the Singaporean electricity demand is already dedicated to water and wastewater treatment processes. If its water-energy footprint dramatically increases in the coming decades, ambitious research projects may buffer the energy cost of water self-sufficiency.
Application of the stormwater management model to a piedmont city: a case study of Jinan City, China
Authors: Yu Haijun , Huang Guoru , Wu Chuanhao
Published: September 2014

The stormwater management model (SWMM) was adapted and calibrated to Jinan, a typical piedmont city in China, to verify the large-scale applicability of the model to piedmont cities. Fourteen storms were used for model calibration and validation. The calibrated model predicted the measured data with satisfactory accuracy and reliability. A sensitivity analysis was then conducted to evaluate the impact of the model parameters; it showed that: (1) the model outputs were most sensitive to imperviousness and conduit roughness; and (2) infiltration parameters and depression storage play an important role in total runoff and peak flow. The urban drainage system of Jinan was assessed using urban design storms with the calibrated model, and the effects of engineered flood control measures were evaluated. The overall results demonstrate that SWMM is applicable on a large scale to piedmont cities.
Optimum air-demand ratio for maximum aeration efficiency in high-head gated circular conduits
Authors: Ozkan Fahri , Tuna M. Cihat , Baylar Ahmet , Ozturk Mualla
Published: September 2014

Oxygen is an important component of water quality and its ability to sustain life. Water aeration is the process of introducing air into a body of water to increase its oxygen saturation. Water aeration can be accomplished in a variety of ways, for instance, closed-conduit aeration. High-speed flow in a closed conduit involves air-water mixture flow. The air flow results from the subatmospheric pressure downstream of the gate. The air entrained by the high-speed flow is supplied by the air vent. The air entrained into the flow in the form of a large number of bubbles accelerates oxygen transfer and hence also increases aeration efficiency. In the present work, the optimum air-demand ratio for maximum aeration efficiency in high-head gated circular conduits was studied experimentally. Results showed that aeration efficiency increased with the air-demand ratio to a certain point and then aeration efficiency did not change with a further increase of the air-demand ratio. Thus, there was an optimum value for the air-demand ratio, depending on the Froude number, which provides maximum aeration efficiency. Furthermore, a design formula for aeration efficiency was presented relating aeration efficiency to the air-demand ratio and Froude number.
Laparoscopic repair of hiatal hernias: Experience after 200 consecutive cases
Authors: Bjelovic Milos , Babic Tamara , Gunjic Dragan , Veselinovic Milan , Spica Bratislav
Published: September 2014

Introduction. Repair of hiatal hernias has been performed traditionally via
open laparotomy or thoracotomy. Since first laparoscopic hiatal hernia
repair in 1992, this method had a growing popularity and today it is the
standard approach in experienced centers specialized for minimally invasive
surgery. Objective. In the current study we present our experience after 200
consecutive laparoscopic hiatal hernia repairs. Methods. A retrospective
cohort study included 200 patients who underwent elective laparoscopic
hiatal hernia repair at the Department for Minimally Invasive Upper
Digestive Surgery, Clinic for Digestive Surgery, Clinical Center of Serbia
in Belgrade from April 2004 to December 2013. Results. Hiatal hernia types
included 108 (54%) patients with type I, 30 (15%) with type III, 62 (31%)
with giant paraesophageal hernia, while 27 (13.5%) patients presented with a
chronic gastric volvulus. There were a total of 154 (77%) Nissen
fundoplications. In 26 (13%) cases Nissen procedure was combined with
esophageal lengthening procedure (Collis-Nissen), and in 17 (8.5%) Toupet
fundoplications was performed. Primary retroesophageal crural repair was
performed in 164 (82%) cases, Cleveland Clinic Foundation suture
modification in 27 (13.5%), 4 (2%) patients underwent synthetic mesh
hiatoplasty, 1 (0.5%) primary repair reinforced with pledgets, and 4 (2%)
autologous fascia lata graft reinforcement. Poor result with anatomic and
symptomatic recurrence (indication for revisional surgery) was detected in 5
patients (2.7%). Conclusion. Based on the result analysis, we found that
laparoscopic hiatal hernia repair was a technically challenging but feasible
technique, associated with good to excellent postoperative outcomes
comparable to the best open surgery series.
Falx chondroma with hyperostosis of the scull: A case report
Authors: Zivkovic Nenad , Berisavac Iva , Markovic Marko , Milenkovic Sanja
Published: September 2014

Introducion. Intracranial chondroma is a very rare, slow growing, benign
cartilaginous tumor that arises usually from the base of the scull. Chondroma
located at the falx is extremely rare. According to our best knowledge 15
cases of falx chondromas have been reported in the literature. Case Outline.
This is the first case report of falx chondroma located in the parietal area
associated with hyperostosis. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain
revealed a 3?4?4 cm solid, calcified, ring-shaped, well-defined tumor at the
posterior falx. The patient underwent surgery and complete resection was
performed. Histological examination confirmed chondroma of the falx.
Postoperative CT scan showed no residual of tumor and the patient was
discharged. Conclusion. The long-term prognosis is good after a total
excision of the tumor. Awareness of this rare pathology in the differential
diagnosis of falx mass could facilitate the diagnosis.
Streptococcus bovis endocarditis as a sign of colon cancer: Case report
Authors: Ivanov Igor , Dejanovic Jadranka , Cvijanovic Radovan , Ivanov Olivera , Petrovic Milovan , Panic Gordana
Published: September 2014

Introduction. Streptococcus bovis is labeled in the literature as a cause of
bacteremia and endocarditis, which are often associated with gastrointestinal
malignancy. Case Outline. In our paper we present a patient with endocarditis
induced by Streptococcus bovis who was also, after completed cardiologic
examination and treatment, diagnosed colon cancer in situ by targeted
endoscopy. Owing to the timely diagnosis, and after successful cardiologic
surgery with implantation of an artificial aortic valve, patient underwent
surgery of the colon, and is now asymptomatic and in good health. Conclusion.
Complete and detailed endoscopic examination of the colon must be done in
patients with endocarditis caused by Streptococcus bovis, even if the patient
is asymptomatic. By following these recommendations, it is possible to detect
precancerosis or cancer at an early stage and save the patient?s life.
Amiodarone pulmonary toxicity: Case report
Authors: Vasic Nada , Pesut Dragica , Stevic Ruza , Jovanovic Dragana , Radivojevic Slavisa
Published: September 2014

Introduction. Amiodarone, an antiarrhythmic drug, which contains iodine
compound, has a tendency to accumulate in some organs including the lungs.
This is age, drug dosage and therapy duration dependent. Case Outline. We
present a case of a 73-year-old man, a smoker, who was admitted as emergency
case due to severe dyspnea, tachypnea with signs of cyanosis and respiratory
insufficiency. Chest x-ray revealed bilateral diffuse pulmonary shadows in
the middle and upper parts of the lungs, similar to those in tuberculosis.
His illness history showed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, arterial
hypertension, and atrial fibrillation which has been treated with amiodarone
for six years. Sputum smears were negative for mycobacteria, and by the
diagnostic elimination method for specific, non-specific and malignant
disease the diagnosis of amiodarone pulmonary toxicity was made. Fiberoptic
bronchoscopy and pathohistological findings of bronchiolitis obliterans
organizing pneumonia confirmed the diagnosis. As the first therapeutic
approach, amiodarone therapy was stopped. Then, systemic therapy with
methylprednisolone 21 (sodium succinate) 40 mg i.v. daily during the first
two weeks was initiated and continued with daily dose of methylprednisolone
30 mg orally during the next three months. The patient showed a marked
subjective improvement during the first week, which was followed by the
improvement of respiratory function and withdrawal of pulmonary changes with
complete radiographic and CT resolution after eight months. Conclusion.
Amiodarone pulmonary toxicity should be taken into consideration, especially
in elderly patients with respiratory symptoms and pulmonary changes, even if
only a low dose of amiodarone is administred over a longer time period.
Characterization and outcome following excision of masses in the nictitating membranes of horses: 50 cases (1998–2012)
Authors: Scherrer Nicole M. , Lassaline-Utter Mary , McKenna Brianna C.
Published: September 2014

Objective—To determine the histologic findings associated with masses in the nictitating membranes (third eyelids) of horses and to identify prognostic factors associated with recurrence and the outcome.

Design—Retrospective case series.

Animals—50 horses with masses in a third eyelid.

Procedures—Medical records of horses with partial or complete excision of a third eyelid and submission for histologic evaluation between September 1998 and November 2012 were reviewed. Horses were included if follow-up information for at least 1 year after surgery was available. Information regarding signalment and treatment was obtained from the medical records. Histopathology reports were examined to determine surgical margins and vascular invasion. Data were analyzed by means of a χ2 test to determine the association between recurrence and type of excision (partial or complete), surgical margins, vascular invasion, and use of chemotherapy as well as the association between partial excision of a third eyelid prior to referral and outcome.

Results—Squamous cell carcinoma was the predominant tumor type of the third eyelid. There was recurrence in 10 of 50 (20%) horses; recurrence was at a mean of 2.25 years and median of 1.5 years after excision. Partial excision prior to referral was associated with outcome.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—In horses with masses in a third eyelid, recurrence and mortality rates were high, which suggested that long-term monitoring is important for all patients in which partial or complete third eyelid excision is performed.
Kalman Filter Realization for Orientation and Position Estimation on Dedicated Processor
Authors: Romaniuk Sławomir , Gosiewski Zdzisław
Published: September 2014

This paper presents Kalman filter design which has been programmed and evaluated in dedicated STM32 platform. The main aim of the work performed was to achieve proper estimation of attitude and position signals which could be further used in unmanned aeri-al vehicle autopilots. Inertial measurement unit and GPS receiver have been used as measurement devices in order to achieve needed raw sensor data. Results of Kalman filter estimation were recorded for signals measurements and compared with raw data. Position actualization frequency was increased from 1 Hz which is characteristic to GPS receivers, to values close to 50 Hz. Furthermore it is shown how Kalman filter deals with GPS accuracy decreases and magnetometer measurement noise.
The important role of matrix metalloproteinases in nematode parasites
Authors: Azami M. , Anvarinejad M. , Jamshidian Ghalesefidi M.
Published: September 2014

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) represent a large family of over twenty different secreted or membrane-bound endopeptidases, involved in many physiological (embryogenesis, precursor or stem cell mobilization, tissue remodeling during wound healing, etc.), as well as pathological (inflammation, tumor progression and metastasis in cancer, vascular pathology, etc.) conditions. For a long time, MMPs were considered only for the ability to degrade extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules (e.g., collagen, laminin, fibronectin) and to release hidden epitopes from the ECM. However, expressions of many MMPs have been associated with several pathological conditions. It has been established that the MMPs are conserved throughout the animal kingdom and studies of invertebrate have demonstrated that primarily they are involved in various developing functions in hydra, Drosophila, sea urchin and nematodes. The syntheses of these proteolytic enzymes and their release as excretory and secretory products have been reported in various parasitic nematodes. Host invasion and tissue migration of several nematodes have been linked to the expression and release of parasite-derived proteases. Studies with enzyme inhibitors suggest that the enzyme may be a metalloproteinase. Moreover, substrate impregnated zymographic analysis of extracts and excretory and secretory products of different nematode parasites have revealed the multiple enzyme activities of MMPs with various molecular weights. More research on MMP degradome in nematode parasites can provide valuable information for intense evaluation of pathogenesis caused by these parasites.
Human ocular dirofilariosis in Slovakia, a case report
Authors: Ondriska F. , Forgáč F. , Hrčková G. , Pavlovičová G. , Miterpáková M. , Boldiš V.
Published: September 2014

A case of the human ocular dirofilariosis in 72-year-old man from southern Slovakia is documented. Two days before visiting a doctor he noticed a live worm in his right eye. The eye was inflamed and itching. The worm of 100 mm in length was isolated from the subconjunctival space. On the basis of morphological appearance, histological examination and PCR-based detection, it was identified as Dirofilaria repens. The patient was probably infected in the southern Slovakia, which is an enzootic area of dirofilariosis of dogs.
Practical application of cross correlation technique to measure jitter of master-oscillator-power-amplifier (MOPA) laser system
Authors: Młyńczak J. , Sawicz-Kryniger K. , Fry A. , Glownia J. , Leemans S.
Published: September 2014

The Linac coherent light source (LCLS) at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC) is the world’s first hard X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) and is capable of producing high-energy, femtosecond duration X-ray pulses. A common technique to study fast timescale physical phenomena, various “pump/probe” techniques are used. In these techniques there are two lasers, one optical and one X-ray, that work as a pump and as a probe to study dynamic processes in atoms and molecules. In order to resolve phenomena that occur on femtosecond timescales, it is imperative to have very precise timing between the optical lasers and X-rays (on the order of ∼20 fs or better). The lasers are synchronized to the same RF source that drives the accelerator and produces the X-ray laser. However, elements in the lasers cause some drift and time jitter, thereby de-synchronizing the system. This paper considers cross-correlation technique as a way to quantify the drift and jitter caused by the regenerative amplifier of the ultrafast optical laser.
Working the Clock: The Academic Body on Neoliberal Time
Authors: Baron Paula
Published: September 2014

In this paper, I want to use the term ‘body’ both in regard to the bodies of individual academics and in regard to the academic collective within the university. I wish to argue that both bodies have been colonised by aggressive neoliberal managerialism and its attendant technologies. In particular, I shall argue, borrowing from Nanni's work on imperial colonisation, that the technologies of time are core to this process of colonisation. Nanni argues that, while time is a human universal, the ways in which time is measured, perceived and conceptualised are not (2012: 6). He argues that ‘time was both a tool and a channel for the incorporation of human subjects within the coloniser's master narrative; for conscripting human subjects within the matrix of the capitalist economy; and ushering ‘savages’ and superstitious ‘heathens’ into an age of modernity (Nanni, 2012: 4). An exploration of the technologies of time thus provides a productive entry point into contemporary power struggles (McKenzie, 2013: 486) within universities and an explanation for increasingly ‘overextended, underfocused, overstressed and underfunded’ (Vest, 1997: 43) academic bodies.
Education: the Subjectivising Power of the Performative
Authors: Scannell John
Published: September 2014

This paper responds to the extremely low rates of completion (collectively less than ten percent) of MOOC based courses by contending that education is not merely the provisioning of content, but that its more primary function is the performance of ‘order words’ that subjectivise teacher and student through language's power of incorporeal transformation. Using Deleuze and Guattari's provocative theory of language presented in the ‘Postulates of Linguistics’ from A Thousand Plateaus, the paper reflects upon their claim that language is more properly concerned with ordering and compliance through ‘order words’ rather than representing or conveying information, to argue that the subjectivising power of the performative is imperative to the acquisition of knowledge. Teaching as performativity is poorly served when removed from its affective investments, and the performance of information is vital to its retention and re-presentation. As the burgeoning world of MOOCs and digital interfaces instantiate a rapid decline in traditional modes of face-to-face communication, the disciplinary regime of the classroom which once produced the identity of teacher and student through affective encounter and performative language makes way for the asynchronous ‘passwords’ of the control society. Without recourse to the negotiation of power through language and the feedback of affective encounter, the digital's rigid system of passwords promote the programmatic over the dialogic and risk aversion instead of experimentation. Learning and teaching requires performance and performance requires bodies in space, and this paper will discuss why this will forever be the case.
Retrieval of Effective Parameters of Subwavelength Periodic Photonic Structures
Authors: Orlov Alexey , Yankovskaya Elizaveta , Zhukovsky Sergei , Babicheva Viktoriia , Iorsh Ivan , Belov Pavel
Published: September 2014

We revisit the standard Nicolson–Ross–Weir method of effective permittivity and permeability restoration of photonic structures for the case of subwavelength metal-dielectric multilayers. We show that the direct application of the standard method yields a false zero-epsilon point and an associated spurious permeability resonance. We show how this artifact can be worked around by the use of the cycle shift operator to the periodic multilayer in question.
Effect of an Intermediate-Frequency Magnetic Field of 23 kHz at 2 mT on Chemotaxis and Phagocytosis in Neutrophil-Like Differentiated Human HL-60 Cells
Authors: Koyama Shin , Narita Eijiro , Shinohara Naoki , Miyakoshi Junji
Published: September 2014

Public concerns about potential health risks of intermediate-frequency (IF) electromagnetic fields are increasing, especially as the use of induction-heating cooktops has spread extensively in Japan and Europe. In order to investigate the properties of IF electromagnetic fields, we examined the effect of exposure to a 23-kHz IF magnetic field of 2 mT for 2, 3, or 4 h on neutrophil chemotaxis and phagocytosis using differentiated human HL-60 cells. Compared with sham exposure, exposure to the IF magnetic field had no effect on neutrophil chemotaxis or phagocytosis. Previous studies demonstrated that exposure to a 23-kHz IF magnetic field of 2 mT (about 74-times the maximum value recommended by the International Commission for Nonionizing Radiation Protection guidelines) may affect the first-line immune responses in humans. To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the effects of IF magnetic fields on cellular immune responses. We found that exposure to an IF magnetic field of 2 mT has minimal if any effect on either the chemotaxis or phagocytic activity of neutrophil-like human HL-60 cells.