bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Autologous Dendritic Cells Pulsed with Allogeneic Tumor Cell Lysate in Mesothelioma: From Mouse to Human
Authors: Aerts Joachim G.J.V. , de Goeje Pauline L. , Cornelissen Robin , Kaijen-Lambers Margaretha E.H. , Bezemer Koen , van der Leest Cor H. , Mahaweni Niken M. , Kunert André , Eskens Ferry A.L.M. , Waasdorp Cynthia , Braakman Eric , van der Holt Bronno , Vulto Arnold G. , Hendriks Rudi W. , Hegmans Joost P.J.J. , Hoogsteden Henk C.
Published: December 2017

Purpose: Mesothelioma has been regarded as a nonimmunogenic tumor, which is also shown by the low response rates to treatments targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis. Previously, we demonstrated that autologous tumor lysate–pulsed dendritic cell (DC) immunotherapy increased T-cell response toward malignant mesothelioma. However, the use of autologous tumor material hampers implementation in large clinical trials, which might be overcome by using allogeneic tumor cell lines as tumor antigen source. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether allogeneic lysate–pulsed DC immunotherapy is effective in mice and safe in humans.

Experimental Design: First, in two murine mesothelioma models, mice were treated with autologous DCs pulsed with either autologous or allogeneic tumor lysate or injected with PBS (negative control). Survival and tumor-directed T-cell responses of these mice were monitored. Results were taken forward in a first-in-human clinical trial, in which 9 patients were treated with 10, 25, or 50 million DCs per vaccination. DC vaccination consisted of autologous monocyte–derived DCs pulsed with tumor lysate from five mesothelioma cell lines.

Results: In mice, allogeneic lysate–pulsed DC immunotherapy induced tumor-specific T cells and led to an increased survival, to a similar extent as DC immunotherapy with autologous tumor lysate. In the first-in-human clinical trial, no dose-limiting toxicities were established and radiographic responses were observed. Median PFS was 8.8 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 4.1–20.3] and median OS not reached (median follow-up = 22.8 months).

Conclusions: DC immunotherapy with allogeneic tumor lysate is effective in mice and safe and feasible in humans. Clin Cancer Res; 24(4); 766–76. ©2017 AACR.
Use of a Novel Device to Assess Intraoral and Intrapharyngeal Baropressure during Sound Production
Authors: Sakuma Toshiki , Kurose Masayuki , Okamoto Keiichiro , Hasegawa Mana , Fujii Noritaka , Nakatani Yousuke , Takagi Ritsuo , Sato Taisuke , Kodama Yasumitsu , Ominato Rei , Yamamura Kensuke , Yamada Yoshiaki
Published: December 2017

Objective: We developed a novel device that simultaneously measures oral and intrapharyngeal baropressure. The transducer has the advantage that it can be placed in any region. We determined the effect of different speech samples on baropressure in these regions. Patients and Methods: Seven healthy individuals produced speech samples comprising vowels and consonants (e.g., /aka/, /apa/, and /ash/). Two transducers were installed into the experimental plate at the incisive papillae and center of the Ah-line; a third transducer was placed in the mid-pharyngeal cavity. During each task, 3 parameters were analyzed: peak pressure, mean pressure, and the temporal relationship between sound signals and pressure changes. Results: The mean pressure did not change during the production of a single vowel; however, the pressure transiently increased during the production of the speech samples, depending on the place of articulation. Moreover, the place of articulation affected the onset and peak timing of pressure changes. Conclusions: These findings indicate that pressure changes during the production of speech samples reflect the functional aspects of speech production. In particular, simultaneous pressure recordings at multiple locations would provide precise information about speech production, compared to pressure studies that used a single pressure transducer.
Progressive Development of Aberrant Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Disease
Authors: Riches Kirsten , Clark Emily , Helliwell Rebecca J. , Angelini Timothy G. , Hemmings Karen E. , Bailey Marc A. , Bridge Katherine I. , Scott D. Julian A. , Porter Karen E.
Published: December 2017

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a silent, progressive disease with a high mortality and an increasing prevalence with aging. Smooth muscle cell (SMC) dysfunction contributes to gradual dilatation and eventual rupture of the aorta. Here we studied phenotypic characteristics in SMC cultured from end-stage human AAA (≥5 cm) and cells cultured from a porcine carotid artery (PCA) model of early and end-stage aneurysm. Human AAA-SMC presented a secretory phenotype and expressed elevated levels of the differentiation marker miR-145 (2.2-fold, p < 0.001) and the senescence marker SIRT-1 (1.3-fold, p < 0.05), features not recapitulated in aneurysmal PCA-SMC. Human and end-stage porcine aneurysmal cells were frequently multi-nucleated (3.9-fold, p < 0.001, and 1.8-fold, p < 0.01, respectively, vs. control cells) and displayed an aberrant nuclear morphology. Human AAA-SMC exhibited higher levels of the DNA damage marker γH2AX (3.9-fold, p < 0.01, vs. control SMC). These features did not correlate with patients' chronological age and are therefore potential markers for pathological premature vascular aging. Early-stage PCA-SMC (control and aneurysmal) were indistinguishable from one another across all parameters. The principal limitation of human studies is tissue availability only at the end stage of the disease. Refinement of a porcine bioreactor model would facilitate the study of temporal modulation of SMC behaviour during aneurysm development and potentially identify therapeutic targets to limit AAA progression.
Some Galeomorph Sharks Express a Mammalian Microglia-Specific Protein in Radial Ependymoglia of the Telencephalon
Authors: Janušonis Skirmantas
Published: December 2017

Ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1), also known as allograft inflammatory factor 1 (AIF-1), is a highly conserved cytoplasmic scaffold protein. Studies strongly suggest that Iba1 is associated with immune-like reactions in all Metazoa. In the mammalian brain, it is abundantly expressed in microglial cells and is used as a reliable marker for this cell type. The present study used multiple-label microscopy and Western blotting to examine Iba1 expression in the telencephalon of 2 galeomorph shark species, the swellshark (Cephaloscyllium ventriosum) and the horn shark (Heterodontus francisci), a member of an ancient extant order. In the swellshark, high Iba1 expression was found in radial ependymoglial cells, many of which also expressed glial fibrillary acidic protein. Iba1 expression was absent from most cells in the horn shark (with the possible exception of perivascular cells). The difference in Iba1 expression between the species was supported by protein analysis. These results suggest that radial ependymoglia of the elasmobranchs may be functionally related to mammalian microglia and that Iba1 expression has undergone evolutionary changes in this cartilaginous group.
Effect of Sedative-Hypnotic Medicines on Mortality in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients with Sleep Disorders: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhou Ying , Yin Peiran , Li Bin , Li Jianying , Huang Naya , Wu Haishan , Ullah Habib , Yang Xiao , Yu Xueqing
Published: December 2017

Background: Sedative-hypnotic medication is widely used among continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients with sleep disorders; however, its effect on mortality has rarely been investigated. Methods: Logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with sedative-hypnotic medication, whose effect on mortality was evaluated by Cox proportional hazards models. Results: A total of 146 CAPD patients with sleep disorders were recruited, of which 46 patients (31.5%) used either benzodiazepines or zolpidem. Sedative-hypnotic medication was more frequently used by older patients and those with longer duration of CAPD therapy and there was no significant association between sedative-hypnotic medicines and all-cause mortality after adjusting for age, gender, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and duration of CAPD. Conclusion: Sedative-hypnotic medication was more often used by older patients and patients with a longer duration of CAPD. There was no association between these agents and all-cause mortality in CAPD patients with sleep disorders.
Nursing Intervention on the Compliance of Hemodialysis Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Jing , Yue Peng , Huang Jing , Xie Xiaodong , Ling Yunhua , Jia Li , Xiong Yunjin , Sun Fang
Published: December 2017

Background: Dialysis is imperative for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD); however, compliance ensures its efficacy. Nursing intervention has been considered to improve compliance. This meta-analysis is aimed at exploring the effects of nursing intervention on dialysis compliance. Methods: A search was performed in the PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases for relevant original research articles. Studies were included or excluded based on the simultaneous consideration of quality as ranked by Jadad score and the compliance with predefined selection criteria. Results: A total of 817 participants were included. The results showed that nursing intervention led to significantly higher compliance with dialysis than in standard care. A pilot analysis evidenced that different intervention strategies, including educational, cognitive, and behavioral approaches, had limited effects on dialysis compliance. Conclusion: Nursing intervention is beneficial for raising dialysis compliance, providing evidence of the need to strengthen nursing care for ESRD patients administered with dialysis in daily clinical practice.
Redes sociais e recrutamento: o caso dos diretores e presidentes do Banco Central do Brasil (1994-2016)
Authors: Perissinotto Renato Monseff , Cavalieri Marco Antonio Ribas , Dantas Eric Gil , Dias Rodolfo Palazzo
Published: December 2017

Este artigo analisa a trajetória profissional de 45 dirigentes do Banco Central do Brasil (diretores e presidentes). O objetivo é captar a estrutura da carreira desses agentes, levando-se em consideração todos os cargos ocupados e a conexão entre eles. Para tanto, usamos a metodologia da Análise de Redes Sociais (ARS), em particular as suas medidas de centralidade (degree e betweeness) e suas técnicas de clusterização. As fontes utilizadas foram as biografias disponíveis na página da instituição, os currículos submetidos à aprovação do Senado Federal, o website da Bloomberg e o sistema Bloomberg Professional, além do Dicionário Histórico Biográfico Brasileiro do CPDOC. Nossas conclusões apontam para a complexidade das carreiras desses agentes, que combinam os setores público, privado e de ensino.
Uma elite pouco (re) conhecida: o episcopado brasileiro
Authors: Seidl Ernesto
Published: December 2017

O artigo aborda transformações conhecidas pelo espaço do episcopado brasileiro ao longo da segunda metade do século XX. O exame das condições de desenvolvimento da alta hierarquia católica aponta um processo de autonomização institucional e profissionalização do corpo religioso apoiado em dinâmica vigorosa de importação de mão de obra e de modelos de excelência religiosa. Os frutos desse processo são visíveis sobretudo em dois aspectos: uma elite dirigente marcada pelo predomínio de indivíduos do sul e do sudeste do Brasil, oriundos de grupos descendentes de imigrantes do mundo rural; e a valorização de um perfil religioso romanizado, incluindo circulação pelo exterior e o acúmulo de competências culturais e de gestão.
Estudos de elites políticas e as bases das multinotabilidades no Brasil
Authors: Reis Eliana Tavares dos , Grill Igor Gastal
Published: December 2017

Este artigo discute três bases de multinotabilização das elites políticas (a familiar; a militante e profissional; a produção de bens simbólicos) e como se traduzem em trunfos mobilizáveis nas lutas políticas no Brasil. Mediante reflexão indissociavelmente analítica e empírica, propomos que a apreensão das multidimensionalidades e das intersecções entre domínios e práticas potencializa a investigação extensiva e intensiva dos princípios de funcionamento, de seleção e de hierarquização políticas, dos condicionantes e lógicas de atuação dos agentes, bem como dos processos de legitimação que incidem na composição dos profissionais da representação
Sindicalismo e neodesenvolvimentismo: analisando as greves entre 2003 e 2013 no Brasil
Authors: Marcelino Paula
Published: December 2017

Neste artigo, apresentaremos uma análise sobre as greves que aconteceram no Brasil no período dos governos do Partido dos Trabalhadores: de 2003, primeiro ano do primeiro mandato de Lula da Silva, até 2013, penúltimo ano do primeiro mandato de Dilma Rousseff na presidência da República. Ainda que tendo como foco esses dez anos, buscaremos, ao final, refletir sobre os dados posteriores para procurar identificar quais movimentos estão se desenhando para o sindicalismo brasileiro no período subsequente. As greves serão analisadas tendo em consideração os seguintes aspectos: frequência e duração das paralisações, as motivações, os encaminhamentos e os resultados desses conflitos. Ao longo do texto trataremos de explicar por que entendemos que essas greves reforçam a tese da existência de um período neodesenvolvimentista no Brasil e refletem as características da configuração específica da luta de classes do período. Os principais dados que utilizaremos foram coletados e sistematizados pelo Departamento Intersindical deEstatísticas e Estudos Socioeconômicos (Dieese)
Espaço social e redes: contribuições metodológicas à sociologia das elites
Authors: Klüger Elisa
Published: December 2017

O artigo apresenta uma contribuição metodológica à sociologia das elites, ao focar a conciliação de desenhos de redes sociais com construções de representações geométricas de espaços sociais, com auxílio da análise de correspondências múltiplas. Após discutir aspectos para a convergência das metodologias, comenta-se trabalhos que posicionam as propriedades sociais nas redes ou que desenham laços nos espaços sociais. Finalmente, indica-se que tal aproximação poderia dotar a sociologia das elites de acuidade para testar se há maior probabilidade de aproximação entre agentes que possuem habitus afinados, para operacionalizar a noção de capital social e para compreender em termos estruturais e relacionais processos de cooptação e coligação de membros das frações dominantes, tais como casamentos, clubes, eleição de sucessores e formação de alianças profissionais e políticas
Consumo de drogas, opinião pública e moralidade: motivações e argumentos baseados em uso
Authors: Venturi Gustavo
Published: December 2017

Este artigo analisa dados de um survey nacional de 2013, representativo da população brasileira com 16 anos e mais, que abordou percepções, práticas e opiniões sobre o uso de drogas psicoativas no Brasil. Descreve o comportamento de diferentes segmentos sociodemográficos quanto ao consumo de álcool, tabaco e drogas ilícitas, relacionando-o a uma escala atitudinal, construída como síntese de oito variáveis com opiniões sobre consumo e política para drogas hoje ilegais. Recorre à técnica de regressão logística multinomial para identificar as variáveis preditoras de dois posicionamentos à primeira vista contraditórios, em termos de dissonância entre comportamento declarado e atitude manifesta: os usuários de drogas ilícitas proibicionistas – favoráveis à manutenção da política de drogas vigente, que criminaliza o consumo e prioriza o enfoque do problema como questão de segurança pública – e os não usuários antiproibicionistas. Analisa tais posicionamentos à luz da teoria psicossocial construtivista da moralidade, desenvolvida por Jean Piaget e Lawrence Kohlberg, expondo o potencial da mesma para compreendê-los e para abordar a discussão das políticas públicas voltadas para lidar com o fenômeno universal do consumo de substâncias psicoativas.
Simvastatin Induces Regression of Cardiac Hypertrophy and Fibrosis and Improves Cardiac Function in a Transgenic Rabbit Model of Human Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Patel Rajnikant , Nagueh Sherif F. , Tsybouleva Natalie , Abdellatif Maha , Lutucuta Silvia , Kopelen Helen A. , Quinones Miguel A. , Zoghbi William A. , Entman Mark L. , Roberts Robert , Marian A.J.
Published: December 2017

Background

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a genetic disease characterized by cardiac hypertrophy, myocyte disarray, interstitial fibrosis, and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. We have proposed that hypertrophy and fibrosis, the major determinants of mortality and morbidity, are potentially reversible. We tested this hypothesis in β-myosin heavy chain–Q
403
transgenic rabbits.

Methods and Results

We randomized 24 β-myosin heavy chain–Q
403
rabbits to treatment with either a placebo or simvastatin (5 mg · kg
−1
· d
−1
) for 12 weeks and included 12 nontransgenic controls. We performed 2D and Doppler echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging before and after treatment. Demographic data were similar among the groups. Baseline mean LV mass and interventricular septal thickness in nontransgenic, placebo, and simvastatin groups were 3.9±0.7, 6.2±2.0, and 7.5±2.1 g (
P
<0.001) and 2.2±0.2, 3.1±0.5, and 3.3±0.5 mm (
P
=0.002), respectively. Simvastatin reduced LV mass by 37%, interventricular septal thickness by 21%, and posterior wall thickness by 13%. Doppler indices of LV filling pressure were improved. Collagen volume fraction was reduced by 44% (
P
<0.001). Disarray was unchanged. Levels of activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 were increased in the placebo group and were less than normal in the simvastatin group. Levels of activated and total p38, Jun N-terminal kinase, p70S6 kinase, Ras, Rac, and RhoA and the membrane association of Ras, RhoA, and Rac1 were unchanged.

Conclusions

Simvastatin induced the regression of hypertrophy and fibrosis, improved cardiac function, and reduced ERK1/2 activity in the β-myosin heavy chain–Q
403
rabbits. These findings highlight the need for clinical trials to determine the effects of simvastatin on cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and dysfunction in humans with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and heart failure.
“The Sagacity of the Indians”: William Dampier’s Surprising Respect for Indigenous Knowledge
Authors: Irving-Stonebraker Sarah
Published: December 2017

English privateer and amateur ethnographer William Dampier’s work abounds with admiring descriptions of the knowledge and skills of the indigenous societies he encountered on his global voyages. These positive descriptions of indigenous culture make a surprising juxtaposition against the tenor of ethnography little more than a century later, when biological theories of race grounded disparaging attitudes toward indigenous cultures. This article explores the conditions of possibility of a historical moment during the late seventeenth and early eighteenth-century Anglophone world, in which it was possible to acknowledge some of the merits of indigenous knowledge. I argue that it was the framework of Baconian natural history, with its focus on useful knowledge, and its methodological emphasis on empirical data rather than theorizing, which made it possible for Dampier to treat indigenous societies not only as the objects of knowledge, but more importantly, as sources of knowledge.
The Inquisition Tribunal in Goa: Why and for What Purpose?
Authors: Paiva José Pedro
Published: December 2017

This article aims to explain the process which led to the founding of the Inquisition tribunal in Goa, the first Holy Office tribunal to be created outside Europe. Following a review of previous historiographical studies which have analyzed this question, it examines the mechanisms for Christianization/confessionalization deployed by the Iberian monarchs in Asia and America from a global and comparative perspective, based on a rereading and reinterpretation of Inquisition documents and correspondence from various agents who were involved in the process. It presents an explanation that emphasizes the existence of a cluster of causalities which created a dense network of convergent forces that favored the founding of an Inquisition tribunal in Asia in 1560.
Richard Wagner’s Prose Sketches for Jesus of Nazareth
Authors: Bell Richard H.
Published: December 2017

In May 1849 Wagner fled Dresden after the failure of the uprising of which he was a leader. His last creative work in Dresden was prose sketches for an opera Jesus of Nazareth, the result of his study of the Graeco-Roman world and the New Testament together with some knowledge of biblical criticism. Although he portrays Jesus as a social revolutionary in that he attacks the Pharisees, oppression and injustice, he is by no means a political messiah; indeed Wagner emphases his sacrificial death which results in the giving of the Holy Spirit. Key theological themes of the work which I explore include Jesus’ messiahship, law and freedom, and the significance of his death.
What’s Good for the Goose is Good for the Gander
Authors: Shaw Benjamin C.F.
Published: December 2017

A central question raised in a 2011 issue of the
jshj
is how can evangelical scholars productively contribute to historical Jesus research which seems to presuppose tenets at variance with their faith. The impetus for the issue was the 2009 book Key Events in the Life of the Historical Jesus which was the product of several evangelical scholars who had been working together for a decade. The goal of this paper will be to identify and assess three significant historiographical concerns raised in the 2011 issue – worldviews, presuppositions, and biases as both positives and negatives; criteria for authenticity and negative historical judgements; and lastly methodological naturalism – in order to demonstrate that these are issues all historians pursuing historical Jesus research must equally confront.
The Molnár Debate of 1950: Hungarian Communist Historical Politics and the Problem of the Soviet Model
Authors: Litkei József
Published: December 2017

By tracing the developments that led to a historical debate in 1950, this article questions some assumptions concerning the Stalinization of Hungarian history writing, in particular the notion of a predetermined continuity between the national-communist line followed by Hungarian communists before and after 1949. Contrary to the understanding of the Sovietization of historiography in Hungary as a straightforward process, guided by a firmly-established ideological line, this article shows that the period between early 1949 and 1950 was characterized by a certain level of uncertainty, caused, on the one hand, by the ideological and institutional changes brought about by Sovietization, and, on the other, by a temporary lack of firm interpretative guidance from the Party leadership. A closer look into the efforts to elaborate a new periodization of Hungarian history reveals not only the existence of competing Marxist interpretations (a “national” state-oriented and an “internationalist” one with a focus on socioeconomic phenomena), but also that for a while it was unclear which of them would emerge as the basis of the Stalinist canon. Although the question was ultimately settled by a political intervention in favor of the more national line, the Hungarian case shows that it was far from evident what the Soviet model was supposed to mean when transferred to local contexts—and that adaptation depended on numerous factors, the ambitions of the interpreters being one of them. This contingency, and the relative plurality of “useable pasts”—which is also reflected in the lack of uniformity in the ways Soviet Bloc regimes treated their respective national histories—cautions against treating the historical representations these regimes produced as self-explanatory outcomes of Stalinization: the examination of the dilemmas that marked the process of creating these canons should be given just as much consideration as the analysis of the end products themselves.
Discourses of Contemporary History in Hungary after 1989
Authors: Rainer M. János
Published: December 2017

The study examines Hungarian historiography since the Hungarian democratic transformation. Its main question is how Hungarian history writing was able to reformulate itself during the short period after 1989. In academic and public discourse one can observe parallel processes of de-ideologization and re-ideologization towards a one-sided commitment to the national(istic) viewpoint. The study starts by setting the general scene and examining the politics of memory within the fields of general focus, i.e., the discourses of memory politics and institutions. Afterwards, it discusses two focal themes in greater detail: 1956 and the Kádár era on one hand, and the Horthy era on the other. The discussion follows the order in which these themes emerged in the discourse. It also contains a short overview of the memory politics linked to the given theme as well as the various currents in history writing, narrating and interpreting these important issues of the national historical canon.
Molecular phylogeny of the genus Rhabdosciadium (Apiaceae) with description of a new species R. anatolyi from Hakkâri province, eastern Turkey
Authors: LYSKOV DMITRY , KLJUYKOV EUGENE , GÜNER EBRU DOĞAN , SAMIGULLIN TAHIR
Published: December 2017

Six species of the genus Rhabdosciadium (Apiaceae) were studied by molecular phylogenetic analysis. The taxonomic status of each of them has been confirmed, the genus Rhabdosciadium turns out as a well-supported monophyletic group closely related to the genera Aegopodium, Caropodium, Carum, Falcaria, Fuernrohria, Gongylosciadium, Grammosciadium s.s., Hladnikia, Olymposciadium, etc. Rhabdosciadium anatolyi sp. nov. is described and illustrated as a new species from Hakkâri province, eastern Turkey. It differs from the other taxa of the genus, in addition to its unique geographical range, in the large terminal leaf lobes with regularly serrated margin, mainly ternate primary basal segments of leaves, and long internodes.
The genus Diphasia L. Agassiz, 1862 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) in Northwest Africa
Authors: GIL MARTA , RAMIL FRAN
Published: December 2017

This paper is the result of the study of large collections of Sertulariidae Lamouroux, 1812 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydroidolina) obtained from continental margins of Northwest Africa by several Spanish and Norwegian surveys between 2004 and 2012. Material collected from Lusitanian seamounts by the French Seamount 1 expedition and from the Great Meteor Bank by the German survey Meteor 42/3 were also examined. A total of 12 species belonging to the genus Diphasia were studied and illustrated, and four new species were described: Diphasia leonisae n. sp., Diphasia saharica n. sp., Diphasia africana n. sp., and Diphasia anaramosae n. sp. Diphasia attenuata, Diphasia fallax and Diphasia tropica were not represented in the collections. However, they have been discussed here because they had been previously reported in the study area or in the eastern North Atlantic. One species was only identified to the genus level. The syntype material of Diphasia attenuata var. robusta Billard, 1924, neotype of Diphasia delagei Billard, 1912, and comparison material for the other species that have been preserved in several zoological collections were also examined. Besides, an identification key for these species is provided.
Visualizing Basketball’s Past: The Historical Imagination of ESPN’s Basketball Documentaries
Authors: Colás Yago
Published: December 2017

ESPN’s 22 basketball-themed documentaries are popular and influential sources for students and fans interested in basketball history. I offer close readings of two films, There’s No Place Like Home and The Fab Five, to shed light on how they (and to some degree the corpus as a whole) portray basketball history, reflect on the historiographical task of portraying the past, and affectively engage viewers to adopt certain stances with respect to the past and its portrayal. There’s No Place Like Home invites viewers to share in a fantasy of basketball as a decontextualized static idea whose history can be possessed. By contrast, The Fab Five challenges viewers to view basketball history as contested terrain where conflicting power vectors of language, culture, and society intersect.
Agoramétrie’s Trunk Questions & Moscovici Social Representation’s Core – More than Just Similarities
Authors: van Meter Karl M.
Published: December 2017

Thirty years of almost annual Agoramétrie surveys of opinions in France on social conflicts have shown the existence of a very stable two-dimensional structure with a “closure” / “openness” axis and a second “emotional” axis. These same results also show the existence of “trunk questions” which systematically appear in these surveys. On the other hand, in social representation, Serge Moscovici and his colleagues have shown through the method of “associated words”, among others, that there is a very stable “core” or “nucleus” of social representations that generates and largely determine all the others. In this article, we present these two approaches and their results, and show that the set of “trunk questions” and the “heart” of social representations are more than just similar and perhaps identical.
Comparison of partial least squares regression, least squares support vector machines, and Gaussian process regression for a near infrared calibration
Authors: Cui Chenhao , Fearn Tom
Published: December 2017

This paper investigates the use of least squares support vector machines and Gaussian process regression for multivariate spectroscopic calibration. The performances of these two non-linear regression models are assessed and compared to the traditional linear regression model, partial least squares regression on an agricultural example. The non linear models, least squares support vector machines, and Gaussian process regression, showed enhanced generalization ability, especially in maintaining homogeneous prediction accuracy over the range. The two non-linear models generally have similar prediction performance, but showed different features in some situations, especially when the size of the training set varies. This is due to fundamental differences in fitting criteria between these models.
Applicability of near infrared spectroscopy for detecting post-fumigated weevils in packaged rice
Authors: Jarruwat Puttinun , Choomjaihan Prasan
Published: December 2017

This research proposes the utilisation of Fourier transform near infrared spectroscopy to estimate post-fumigation rice weevils in packaged rice. Different mixtures of dead rice weevils in rice samples were scanned via Fourier transform near infrared through the package, and then the data were statistically analysed. The rice samples were of milled hom mali rice and brown hom mali rice, while the packaging materials were polyethylene plastic bags, polypropylene woven plastic sacks and hemp sacks. The results revealed that Fourier transform near infrared is most applicable for detecting dead rice weevils in milled hom mali rice in polyethylene bags as indicated respectively by validation r2 and RPD values of 0.93 and 3.92, followed by the milled hom mali rice-polypropylene case with r2 and RPD values of 0.87 and 3.05. The r2 and RPD values were 0.86 and 3.00 for brown hom mali rice-polyethylene and 0.75 and 2.04 for brown hom mali rice-polypropylene. Due to poor penetration of NIR light through the hemp sacks, experiments were not carried out for this packaging material type.
Visible/shortwave near infrared spectroscopy and hyperspectral scattering for determining bulk density and particle size of wheat flour
Authors: Zhu Qibing , Xing Yongchun , Lu Renfu , Huang Min , Ng Perry KW
Published: December 2017

Particle size and bulk density are two important fundamental properties of food powder that directly affect processing and final product quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare two optical sensing methods, i.e. visible/shortwave near infrared spectroscopy and hyperspectral scattering, for bulk density determination and particle size classification of wheat flour. Hyperspectral scattering images over the spectral region of 500–1000 nm and visible/shortwave near infrared reflectance spectra covering the spectral region of 400–1000 nm were acquired for 474 wheat flour samples. Partial least squares regression and discriminant analysis models for visible/shortwave near infrared spectra and mean spectra extracted from the hyperspectral scattering profiles were developed for determining the bulk density and classifying the particle size, of wheat flour samples. Hyperspectral scattering gave much better prediction results for bulk density, with the r2 (the coefficient of determination for prediction) value of 0.87 and the root mean squares error of prediction value of 30.20 mg ml−1, compared with the r2 of 0.55 and root mean squares error of prediction of 57.13 mg ml−1 obtained by visible/shortwave near infrared spectroscopy. Moreover, hyperspectral scattering resulted in 98.2% classification accuracy for particle size, versus 96.8% by visible/shortwave near infrared spectroscopy. This research suggested that hyperspectral scattering is more suitable than visible/shortwave near infrared spectroscopy for bulk density determination and particle size classification of food powder.
Contrasting Medical and Legal Standards of Evidence: A Precision Medicine Case Study
Authors: Marchant Gary E. , Scheckel Kathryn , Campos-Outcalt Doug
Published: December 2017

As the health care system transitions to a precision medicine approach that tailors clinical care to the genetic profile of the individual patient, there is a potential tension between the clinical uptake of new technologies by providers and the legal system's expectation of the standard of care in applying such technologies. We examine this tension by comparing the type of evidence that physicians and courts are likely to rely on in determining a duty to recommend pharmacogenetic testing of patients prescribed the oral anti-coagulant drug warfarin. There is a large body of inconsistent evidence and factors for and against such testing, but physicians and courts are likely to weigh this evidence differently. The potential implications for medical malpractice risk are evaluated and discussed.
The Massachusetts School Sports Concussions Law: A Qualitative Study of Local Implementation Experiences
Authors: Doucette Mitchell L. , Bulzacchelli Maria T. , Gillum Tameka L. , Whitehill Jennifer M.
Published: December 2017

Background:

Reducing the incidence and negative consequences of concussion among youth athletes is a public health priority. In 2010, Massachusetts passed legislation aimed at addressing the issue of concussions in school athletics. We sought to understand local-level implementation decisions of the Massachusetts concussion law.

Methods:

A qualitative multiple-case study approach was utilized. Semi-structured interviews with school-employed actors associated with the law's implementation were used for analysis. Interview data were subjected to a conventional content analysis.

Results:

A total of 19 participants from 5 schools were interviewed. Schools were purposefully selected from communities varying in socioeconomic status and population. Participants included 5 athletic directors, 5 coaches, 4 athletic trainers, 4 school nurses, and 1 health and wellness coordinator. Eight themes emerged regarding specific ways schools have implemented the law. Six themes emerged regarding factors influencing implementation.

Conclusions:

All cases employ neurocognitive testing as a means to assess concussions, place decision-making authority in athletic trainers' hands, and use a 30-minute online video to disseminate concussion education. Employing athletic trainers could pose challenges to school districts with limited financial capacity, as financial assistance from the state is not provided under the law. The validity of neurocognitive testing and the effectiveness of online concussion training need further study. Cooperation from student athletes, their parents, and physicians is necessary for full implementation of the law.
Nudged elastic band method and density functional theory calculation for finding a local minimum energy pathway of p-benzoquinone and phenol fragmentation in mass spectrometry
Authors: Sugimura Natsuhiko , Igarashi Yoko , Aoyama Reiko , Shibue Toshimichi
Published: December 2017

Analysis of the fragmentation pathways of molecules in mass spectrometry gives a fundamental insight into gas-phase ion chemistry. However, the conventional intrinsic reaction coordinates method requires knowledge of the transition states of ion structures in the fragmentation pathways. Herein, we use the nudged elastic band method, using only the initial and final state ion structures in the fragmentation pathways, and report the advantages and limitations of the method. We found a minimum energy path of p-benzoquinone ion fragmentation with two saddle points and one intermediate structure. The primary energy barrier, which corresponded to the cleavage of the C–C bond adjacent to the CO group, was calculated to be 1.50 eV. An additional energy barrier, which corresponded to the cleavage of the CO group, was calculated to be 0.68 eV. We also found an energy barrier of 3.00 eV, which was the rate determining step of the keto-enol tautomerization in CO elimination from the molecular ion of phenol. The nudged elastic band method allowed the determination of a minimum energy path using only the initial and final state ion structures in the fragmentation pathways, and it provided faster than the conventional intrinsic reaction coordinates method. In addition, this method was found to be effective in the analysis of the charge structures of the molecules during the fragmentation in mass spectrometry.
In-Law and Mate Preferences in Chinese Society and the Role of Traditional Cultural Values
Authors: Guo Qingke , Li Yujie , Yu Shushuang
Published: December 2017

Using 347 parent–child dyads as participants, this study directly examined in-law and mate preferences in a typical collectivist culture. The results showed (1) traits indicating social status and parental investment were more highly valued by the parents, while traits indicating genetic quality and traits related to romantic love were more highly valued by the children. (2) Parental preferences were moderated by gender of the in-laws. Good earning capacity was more preferred by parents in a son-in-law, traits connoting genetic quality and reproductive fitness were more preferred by parents in a daughter-in-law. (3) There was more convergence in in-law and mate preferences in Chinese culture than in Western cultures. (4) Traditional cultural values (i.e., filial piety) can be used as a predictor of traditional mate preferences and less parent–child divergences. Additionally, greater preference for kind and understanding by parents than by children as well as by daughters than by sons, and greater preference for social status by the daughters’ than by the sons’ parents have not been observed in the rating and the ranking instrument. These findings illustrated how culture handles the parent–child disagreement over mating by authorizing greater parental influence on children’s mating decisions.
Feasibility of a Latin Dance Program for Older Latinos With Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Aguiñaga Susan , Marquez David X.
Published: December 2017

This study investigates the feasibility of a Latin dance program in older Latinos with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) via a feasibility mixed methods randomized controlled design. Spanish-speaking older Latinos (N = 21, 75.4 [6.3] years old, 16 females/5 males, 22.4 [2.8] Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] score) were randomized into a 16-week dance intervention (BAILAMOS) or wait-list control; the control group crossed over at week 17 and received the dance intervention. Feasibility was determined by assessing reach, retention, attendance, dance logs, and postintervention focus groups. Reach was 91.3% of people who were screened and eligible. Program retention was 95.2%. The dropout rate was 42.8% (n = 9), and attendance for all participants was 55.76%. The focus group data revealed 4 themes: enthusiasm for dance, positive aspects of BAILAMOS, unfavorable aspects of BAILAMOS, and physical well-being after BAILAMOS. In conclusion, older Latinos with MCI find Latin dance as an enjoyable and safe mode of physical activity.
The diagnosis and management of nerve injury during endodontic treatment
Authors: Rosen Eyal
Published: December 2017

Background

Nerve injury and an ensuing altered sensation following endodontic treatment is an infrequent and severe complication, which may lead to longstanding disability and may have substantial adverse effects on the patient’s quality of life. This review is aimed at providing the practitioner with the knowledge and useful means to diagnose and manage nerve injury when performing endodontic treatments.

Conclusion

Vigorous preventive measures and a timely mannered management approach are the most proficient measures to reduce the risk of endodontic treatment related nerve injuries and to prevent long-lasting impairment. The diagnosis of a nerve injury requires a combination of a thorough anamnesis, a proper clinical evaluation, and an adjunct radiographic evaluation when indicated. Early intervention by the prescription of anti-inflammatory drugs may be beneficial. In certain persistent cases, modern endodontic surgery may enable a minimally invasive and highly accurate surgical procedure, and with adequate case selection, may provide a predictable outcome and allow the preservation of the tooth.
HALO 202: Randomized Phase II Study of PEGPH20 Plus Nab-Paclitaxel/Gemcitabine Versus Nab-Paclitaxel/Gemcitabine in Patients With Untreated, Metastatic Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Hingorani Sunil R. , Zheng Lei , Bullock Andrea J. , Seery Tara E. , Harris William P. , Sigal Darren S. , Braiteh Fadi , Ritch Paul S. , Zalupski Mark M. , Bahary Nathan , Oberstein Paul E. , Wang-Gillam Andrea , Wu Wilson , Chondros Dimitrios , Jiang Ping , Khelifa Sihem , Pu Jie , Aldrich Carrie , Hendifar Andrew E.
Published: December 2017

Purpose

Metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is characterized by excessive hyaluronan (HA) accumulation in the tumor microenvironment, elevating interstitial pressure and impairing perfusion. Preclinical studies demonstrated pegvorhyaluronidase alfa (PEGPH20) degrades HA, thereby increasing drug delivery.

Patients and Methods

Patients with previously untreated metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were randomly assigned to treatment with PEGPH20 plus nab-paclitaxel/gemcitabine (PAG) or nab-paclitaxel/gemcitabine (AG). Tumor HA levels were measured retrospectively using a novel affinity histochemistry assay. Primary end points were progression-free survival (PFS; overall) and thromboembolic (TE) event rate. Secondary end points included overall survival, PFS by HA level, and objective response rate. An early imbalance in TE events in the PAG arm led to a clinical hold; thereafter, patients with TE events were excluded and enoxaparin prophylaxis was initiated.

Results

A total of 279 patients were randomly assigned; 246 had HA data; 231 were evaluable for efficacy; 84 (34%) had HA-high tumors (ie, extracellular matrix HA staining ≥ 50% of tumor surface at any intensity). PFS was significantly improved with PAG treatment overall (hazard ratio [HR], 0.73; 95% CI, 0.53 to 1.00; P = .049) and for patients with HA-high tumors (HR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.26 to 1.00; P = .048). In patients with HA-high tumors (PAG v AG), the objective response rate was 45% versus 31%, and median overall survival was 11.5 versus 8.5 months (HR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.57 to 1.61). The most common treatment-related grade 3/4 adverse events with significant differences between arms (PAG v AG) included muscle spasms (13% v 1%), neutropenia (29% v 18%), and myalgia (5% v 0%). TE events were comparable after enoxaparin initiation (14% PAG v 10% AG).

Conclusion

This study met its primary end points of PFS and TE event rate. The largest improvement in PFS was observed in patients with HA-high tumors who received PAG. A similar TE event rate was observed between the treatment groups in stage 2 of the trial.
Presentación
Authors: Mattioli Estela
Published: December 2017

Presentación
A atividade discursiva realizada no Facebook: um emergente gênero discursivo hipertextual
Authors: Tedesco V. Abreu Maria Teresa , Normandia Cristina
Published: December 2017

La red social Facebook es un sitio popular muy utilizado para el entretenimiento y también para las interacciones de información. Así se percibe, principalmente en los comentarios publicados en el sitio, un «intercambio» de puntos de vista sobre temas diversos, que van desde un subjetivo comentario sobre una foto hasta el posicionamiento crítico sobre hechos que forman parte al contexto social y político.Este intercambio legitima el popular sitio como ambiente libre para la expresión de la opinión. Se pregunta: ¿Facebook es un género discursivo? Para contestar a la cuestión, este artículo analiza la secuencia textual de comentarios publicados en Facebook, específicamente en un perfil personal. Se propone discutir sobre el proceso de comprensión y de producción textual en comentarios publicados en el ambiente social de Facebook, considerando puntualmente dos fenómenos lingüístico–discursivos: la intertextualidad y la referenciación, responsables de la (re)construcción de sentidos en el texto (Koch, 2002, 2014). Teóricamente respaldado en la lengua como lugar de interacción, el primero está asociado al conocimiento de mundo del sujeto enunciador; el segundo, al conocimiento lingüístico. El análisis indica el sitio popular como un provechoso lugar de interacción.
La escuela, un faro para la educación afectivo-sexual: experiencia del Colegio Ntra. Sra. del Recuerdo
Authors: Aguado Gema , Cupeiro Javier , Lacadena Pilar , López Beatriz , Lozano Sara
Published: December 2017

¿Cómo abordamos y afrontamos desde un centro educativo la educación afectivo-sexual de nuestros alumnos? ¿De qué forma buscamos estar al servicio de alumnos y familias para afrontar este reto? Estas son algunas de las preguntas a las que nos gustaría poder responder desde la perspectiva que los orientadores tenemos en un colegio. Realidades como la hipersexualización de nuestro entorno, los cambios evolutivos, la prevención de posibles situaciones de abuso, cuestiones de género, la concepción de la intimidad y la privacidad, y los miedos e inquietudes que este tema suele despertar en los padres, entre otras, requieren de una actualización y atención especial por parte de la escuela. A continuación tratamos de mostrar cómo desde nuestro colegio, se trata de orientar y acompañar a alumnos y a padres a abordar la educación afectivo-sexual desde una perspectiva positiva e integral, y completarla con acciones concretas.