bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Eğitim Personellerinde İş Stresinin İşten Ayrılma Niyetine Etkisinde Depresyon Düzeylerinin Aracılık Etkisi
Authors: Savaş Ahmet Cezmi , Erol Fatime
Published: May 2018

Bu
araştırmanın amacı, eğitim personellerinde iş stresinin işten ayrılma niyetine
etkisinde depresyon düzeylerinin aracılık (mediator) etkisini araştırmaktır.
Araştırma kapsamında 2013–2014 eğitim-öğretim yılında Gaziantep il merkezinde
bulunan okullarda görev yapmakta olan 67 okul müdürü, 79 müdür yardımcısı ve
163 öğretmen çalışma grubunu oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma sonucunda eğitim
personellerinde iş stresi ve depresyon düzeylerinin, işten ayrılma niyetini
anlamlı şekilde yordadığı görülmüştür. Eğitim personelinin iş stresi
düzeylerinin, işten ayrılmayı yordamasında depresyon düzeylerinin aracılık
etkisiyle ilgili analizlerin sonuçlarına göre; depresyon düzeylerinin ara
yordayıcı olduğu saptanmış olup, konu ile ilgili çözüm önerileri sunulmuştur.
Duygusal Özgürleşme Tekniği (EFT) Kapsamı ve Uygulama Alanları
Authors: Irmak Vural Pınar , Aslan Ergül
Published: May 2018

Duygusal Özgürleşme Tekniği (EFT), kişisel negatif duyguların ve
buna bağlı oluşan duygusal ve fiziksel rahatsızlıkların iyileştirilmesinde
kullanılan, kognitif ve somatik komponentlerden oluşan, enerji psikoterapi
türevi bir uygulamadır. Kişide oluşan stres yanıtına karşılık stres hormonları
salgılanır ve devamında amigdala ve diğer strese yanıt oluşturan serebral
bölümler aktive olur. Bu döngüye müdahale edilmez ise kişide meydana gelen
fiziksel ve psikolojik sonuçlar zamanla kronikleşmeye başlar. EFT uygulamasında
izlenmesi gereken temel basamaklar mevcuttur; telkin cümleleriyle duygu
bedenine (bilinçaltına) mesaj vererek on iki enerji meridyen uç noktasına
(akupresür noktaları) tıklamalar yapılır. Uygulama amaçlarına yönelik farklı
protokoller bulunmaktır. Çocuk ve erişkinlerde oldukça yaygın psikolojik ve
fiziksel alanlarda EFT uygulaması yapılabilmekte ve yapılmış randomize
kontrollü araştırmalarda herhangi bir yan etkisi olduğundan bahsedilmemektedir.
Bu derlemede Pubmed, Google akademik ve ilgili literatür kaynakları taranarak
incelendiğinde çok çeşitli konularda EFT’nin araştırma sonuçları olduğu
belirlenmiştir. EFT uygulaması ile duyguların nasıl hissedildiği ve ifade
edildiği fark edilebilmekte, kabul edilebilmekte ve dönüştürülebilmektedir.
The Analysing of Family Policies, Family Counseling and Social Work Relations in The Context of Human Rights
Authors: Demirbilek Melahat
Published: May 2018

Discussions
on human rights usually pace on the two elements, namely the “rights” owner on
one side and the “duty” owner which is the state/official organizations on the
other. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights emphasize on the right among
many other, which enables all people to create a family and this has been seen
as the fundamental unit of the society. However, due to a variety of reasons
families may lose their healthy functioning and therefore need assistance.
States are expected to develop policies in order to create solutions for the
troubles which the families are facing, offer family counseling services and
making regulations on the foundation of human rights to accomplish these. Yet
there are discussions on the approaches towards family counseling and family
policies in regards to human rights, for human rights seems to represent the
first generation human rights which are the political and civil rights, rather
than the others.  In order to change this
understanding, social workers who are considered to be also as human rights
workers can play an important role for the creating of family policies based on
human rights. Among the groups which social work is functioning, families have
the largest interest and their focus is human rights. Within this scope, the
social workers can be prominent in the family counseling practices under the
framework of empowerment approach and can closely cooperate with the family
physicians that are in the first layer of the public health system.
Using Metaheuristics on the Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing Problem with Modified Optimization Criterion
Authors: Stodola Petr
Published: May 2018

This article deals with the modified Multi-Depot Vehicle Routing Problem (MDVRP). The modification consists of altering the optimization criterion. The optimization criterion of the standard MDVRP is to minimize the total sum of routes of all vehicles, whereas the criterion of modified MDVRP (M-MDVRP) is to minimize the longest route of all vehicles, i.e., the time to conduct the routing operation is as short as possible. For this problem, a metaheuristic algorithm—based on the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) theory and developed by the author for solving the classic MDVRP instances—has been modified and adapted for M-MDVRP. In this article, an additional deterministic optimization process which further enhances the original ACO algorithm has been proposed. For evaluation of results, Cordeau’s benchmark instances are used.
A New Oren–Nayar Shape-from-Shading Approach for 3D Reconstruction Using High-Order Godunov-Based Scheme
Authors: Wang Guohui , Chu Yuanbo
Published: May 2018

3D shape reconstruction from images has been an important topic in the field of robot vision. Shape-From-Shading (SFS) is a classical method for determining the shape of a 3D surface from a one intensity image. The Lambertian reflectance is a fundamental assumption in conventional SFS approaches. Unfortunately, when applied to characterize the reflection attribute of the diffuse reflection, the Lambertian model is tested to be inexact. In this paper, we present a new SFS approach for 3D reconstruction of diffuse surfaces whose reflection attribute is approximated by the Oren–Nayar reflection model. The partial differential Image Irradiance Equation (IIR) is set up with this model under a single distant point light source and an orthographic camera projection whose direction coincides with the light source. Then, the IIR is converted into an eikonal equation by solving a quadratic equation that includes the 3D surface shape. The viscosity solution of the resulting eikonal equation is approximated by using the high-order Godunov-based scheme that is accelerated by means of an alternating sweeping strategy. We conduct the experiments on synthetic and real-world images, and the experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of the presented approach.
Organising the Monies of Corporate Financial Crimes via Organisational Structures: Ostensible Legitimacy, Effective Anonymity, and Third-Party Facilitation
Authors: Lord Nicholas , Wingerde Karin van , Campbell Liz
Published: May 2018

This article analyses how the monies generated for, and from, corporate financial crimes are controlled, concealed, and converted through the use of organisational structures in the form of otherwise legitimate corporate entities and arrangements that serve as vehicles for the management of illicit finances. Unlike the illicit markets and associated ‘organised crime groups’ and ‘criminal enterprises’ that are the normal focus of money laundering studies, corporate financial crimes involve ostensibly legitimate businesses operating within licit, transnational markets. Within these scenarios, we see corporations as primary offenders, as agents, and as facilitators of the administration of illicit finances. In all cases, organisational structures provide opportunities for managing illicit finances that individuals alone cannot access, but which require some element of third-party collaboration. In this article, we draw on data generated from our Partnership for Conflict, Crime, and Security Research (PaCCS)-funded project on the misuse of corporate structures and entities to manage illicit finances to make a methodological and substantive addition to the literature in this area. We analyse two cases from our research—corporate bribery in international business and corporate tax fraud—before discussing three main findings: (1) the ostensible legitimacy created through abuse of otherwise lawful business arrangements; (2) the effective anonymity and insulation afforded through such misuse; and (3) the necessity for facilitation by third-party professionals operating within a stratified market. The analysis improves our understanding of how and why business offenders misuse what are otherwise legitimate business structures, arrangements, and practices in their criminal enterprise.
State-of-Health Identification of Lithium-Ion Batteries Based on Nonlinear Frequency Response Analysis: First Steps with Machine Learning
Authors: Harting Nina , Schenkendorf René , Wolff Nicolas , Krewer Ulrike
Published: May 2018

In this study, we show an effective data-driven identification of the State-of-Health of Lithium-ion batteries by Nonlinear Frequency Response Analysis. A degradation model based on support vector regression is derived from highly informative Nonlinear Frequency Response Analysis data sets. First, an ageing test of a Lithium-ion battery at 25 °C is presented and the impact of relevant ageing mechanisms on the nonlinear dynamics of the cells is analysed. A correlation measure is used to identify the most sensitive frequency range for ageing tests. Here, the mid-frequency range from 1 Hz to 100 Hz shows the strongest correlation to Lithium-ion battery degradation. The focus on the mid-frequency range leads to a dramatic reduction in measurement time of up to 92% compared to standard measurement protocols. Next, informative features are extracted and used to parametrise the support vector regression model for the State of Health degradation. The performance of the degradation model is validated with additional cells and validation data sets, respectively. We show that the degradation model accurately predicts the State of Health values. Validation data demonstrate the usefulness of the Nonlinear Frequency Response Analysis as an effective and fast State of Health identification method and as a versatile tool in the diagnosis of ageing of Lithium-ion batteries in general.
Reliability-Based View Synthesis for Free Viewpoint Video
Authors: Deng Zengming , Wang Mingjiang
Published: May 2018

View synthesis is a crucial technique for free viewpoint video and multi-view video coding because of its capability to render an unlimited number of virtual viewpoints from adjacent captured texture images and corresponding depth maps. The accuracy of depth maps is very important to the rendering quality, since depth image–based rendering (DIBR) is the most widely used technology among synthesis algorithms. There are some issues due to the fact that stereo depth estimation is error-prone. In addition, filling occlusions is another challenge in producing desirable synthesized images. In this paper, we propose a reliability-based view synthesis framework. A depth refinement method is used to check the reliability of depth values and refine some of the unreliable pixels, and an adaptive background modeling algorithm is utilized to construct a background image aiming to fill the remaining empty regions after a proposed weighted blending process. Finally, the proposed approach is implemented and tested on test video sequences, and experimental results indicate objective and subjective improvements compared to previous view synthesis methods.
An Efficient Multiscale Scheme Using Local Zernike Moments for Face Recognition
Authors: Basaran Emrah , Gökmen Muhittin , Kamasak Mustafa
Published: May 2018

In this study, we propose a face recognition scheme using local Zernike moments (LZM), which can be used for both identification and verification. In this scheme, local patches around the landmarks are extracted from the complex components obtained by LZM transformation. Then, phase magnitude histograms are constructed within these patches to create descriptors for face images. An image pyramid is utilized to extract features at multiple scales, and the descriptors are constructed for each image in this pyramid. We used three different public datasets to examine the performance of the proposed method:Face Recognition Technology (FERET), Labeled Faces in the Wild (LFW), and Surveillance Cameras Face (SCface). The results revealed that the proposed method is robust against variations such as illumination, facial expression, and pose. Aside from this, it can be used for low-resolution face images acquired in uncontrolled environments or in the infrared spectrum. Experimental results show that our method outperforms state-of-the-art methods on FERET and SCface datasets.
Accuracy of Simulated Diurnal Valley Winds in the Swiss Alps: Influence of Grid Resolution, Topography Filtering, and Land Surface Datasets
Authors: Schmidli Juerg , Böing Steven , Fuhrer Oliver
Published: May 2018

We evaluate the near-surface representation of thermally driven winds in the Swiss Alps in a numerical weather prediction model at km-scale resolution. In addition, the influence of grid resolution (2.2 km and 1.1 km), topography filtering, and land surface datasets on the accuracy of the simulated valley winds is investigated. The simulations are evaluated against a comprehensive set of surface observations for an 18-day fair-weather summer period in July 2006. The episode is characterized by strong diurnal wind systems and the formation of shallow convection over the mountains, which transitions to precipitating convection in some areas. The near-surface winds (10 m above ground level) follow a typical diurnal pattern with strong daytime up-valley flow and weaker nighttime down-valley flow. At a 2.2 km resolution the valley winds are poorly simulated for most stations, while at a 1.1 km resolution the diurnal cycle of the valley winds is well represented in most large (e.g., Rhein valley at Chur and Rhone valley at Visp) and medium-sized valleys (e.g., Linth valley at Glarus). In the smaller valleys (e.g., Maggia valley at Cevio), the amplitude of the valley wind is still significantly underestimated, even at a 1.1 km resolution. Detailed sensitivity experiments show that the use of high-resolution land surface datasets, for both the soil characteristics as well as for the land cover, and reduced filtering of the topography are essential to achieve good performance at a 1.1 km resolution.
Limits to the Evaluation of the Accuracy of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Systems by Clinical Trials
Authors: Schrangl Patrick , Reiterer Florian , Heinemann Lutz , Freckmann Guido , Del Re Luigi
Published: May 2018

Systems for continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) are evolving quickly, and the data obtained are expected to become the basis for clinical decisions for many patients with diabetes in the near future. However, this requires that their analytical accuracy is sufficient. This accuracy is usually determined with clinical studies by comparing the data obtained by the given CGM system with blood glucose (BG) point measurements made with a so-called reference method. The latter is assumed to indicate the correct value of the target quantity. Unfortunately, due to the nature of the clinical trials and the approach used, such a comparison is subject to several effects which may lead to misleading results. While some reasons for the differences between the values obtained with CGM and BG point measurements are relatively well-known (e.g., measurement in different body compartments), others related to the clinical study protocols are less visible, but also quite important. In this review, we present a general picture of the topic as well as tools which allow to correct or at least to estimate the uncertainty of measures of CGM system performance.
[18F]FDG-PET/CT in Hodgkin Lymphoma: Current Usefulness and Perspectives
Authors: Kanoun Salim , Rossi Cedric , Casasnovas Olivier
Published: May 2018

Functional imaging using 18-fluorodeoxyglycose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT) has become a major imaging modality in Hodgkin lymphoma. This imaging modality allows for a significant improvement in staging, increased sensitivity, which involves differentiating residual tumors from fibrosis during assessment, and highly impacts treatment decisions into new PET-driven strategies. This review presents the main scientific data concerning the current applications of [18F]FDG-PET/CT in Hodgkin lymphoma at baseline, interim, and the end of treatment evaluation along with the main PET-driven trials for therapeutic decisions. The emergence of total metabolic tumor volume as a new functional prognostic factor will also be discussed.
Bone Marrow Defects and Platelet Function: A Focus on MDS and CLL
Authors: Luu Sarah , Gardiner Elizabeth E. , Andrews Robert K.
Published: May 2018

The bloodstream typically contains >500 billion anucleate circulating platelets, derived from megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. This review will focus on two interesting aspects of bone marrow dysfunction and how this impacts on the quality of circulating platelets. In this regard, although megakaryocytes are from the myeloid lineage leading to granulocytes (including neutrophils), erythrocytes, and megakaryocytes/platelets, recent evidence has shown that defects in the lymphoid lineage leading to B cells, T cells, and natural killer (NK) cells also result in abnormal circulating platelets. Current evidence is limited regarding whether this latter phenomenon might potentially arise from (a) some form of as-yet-undetected defect common to both lineages; (b) adverse interactions occurring between cells of different lineages within the bone marrow environment; and/or (c) unknown disease-related factor(s) affecting circulating platelet receptor expression/function after their release from megakaryocytes. Understanding the mechanisms underlying how both myeloid and lymphoid lineage bone marrow defects lead to dysfunction of circulating platelets is significant because of the potential diagnostic and predictive value of peripheral platelet analysis for bone marrow disease progression, the additional potential effects of new anti-cancer drugs on platelet function, and the critical role platelets play in regulation of bleeding risk, inflammation, and innate immunity.
p53-Autophagy-Metastasis Link
Authors: Denisenko Tatiana V. , Pivnyuk Anastasia D. , Zhivotovsky Boris
Published: May 2018

The tumor suppressor p53 as the “guardian of the genome” plays an essential role in numerous signaling pathways that control the cell cycle, cell death and in maintaining the integrity of the human genome. p53, depending on the intracellular localization, contributes to the regulation of various cell death pathways, including apoptosis, autophagy and necroptosis. Accumulated evidence suggests that this function of p53 is closely involved in the process of cancer development. Here, present knowledge concerning a p53-autophagy-metastasis link, as well as therapeutic approaches that influence this link, are discussed.
AZD1775 Increases Sensitivity to Olaparib and Gemcitabine in Cancer Cells with p53 Mutations
Authors: Meng Xiangbing , Bi Jianling , Li Yujun , Yang Shujie , Zhang Yuping , Li Mary , Liu Haitao , Li Yiyang , Mcdonald Megan , Thiel Kristina , Wen Kuo-Kuang , Wang Xinhao , Wu Meng , Leslie Kimberly
Published: May 2018

Tumor suppressor p53 is responsible for enforcing cell cycle checkpoints at G1/S and G2/M in response to DNA damage, thereby allowing both normal and tumor cells to repair DNA before entering S and M. However, tumor cells with absent or mutated p53 are able to activate alternative signaling pathways that maintain the G2/M checkpoint, which becomes uniquely critical for the survival of such tumor cells. We hypothesized that abrogation of the G2 checkpoint might preferentially sensitize p53-defective tumor cells to DNA-damaging agents and spare normal cells with intact p53 function. The tyrosine kinase WEE1 regulates cdc2 activity at the G2/M checkpoint and prevents entry into mitosis in response to DNA damage or stalled DNA replication. AZD1775 is a WEE1 inhibitor that overrides and opens the G2/M checkpoint by preventing WEE1-mediated phosphorylation of cdc2 at tyrosine 15. In this study, we assessed the effect of AZD1775 on endometrial and ovarian cancer cells in the presence of two DNA damaging agents, the PARP1 inhibitor, olaparib, and the chemotherapeutic agent, gemcitabine. We show that AZD1775 alone is effective as a therapeutic agent against some p53 mutated cell models. Moreover, the combination of AZD1775 with olaparib or gemcitabine is synergistic in cells with mutant p53 and constitutes a new approach that should be considered in the treatment of advanced and recurrent gynecologic cancer.
Direct Detection of T- and B-Memory Lymphocytes by ImmunoSpot® Assays Reveals HCMV Exposure that Serum Antibodies Fail to Identify
Authors: Terlutter Fredrik , Caspell Richard , Nowacki Tobias M. , Lehmann Alexander , Li Ruliang , Zhang Ting , Przybyla Anna , Kuerten Stefanie , Lehmann Paul V.
Published: May 2018

It is essential to identify donors who have not been infected with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in order to avoid transmission of HCMV to recipients of blood transfusions or organ transplants. In the present study, we tested the reliability of seronegativity as an indicator for the lack of HCMV exposure in healthy human blood donors. Eighty-two HCMV seronegative individuals were identified, and their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were tested in ImmunoSpot® assays for the presence of HCMV-specific T- and B-memory lymphocytes. Eighty-two percent (67 of 82) of these HCMV seronegative individuals featured at least one memory cell that was lineage specific for HCMV, with the majority of these subjects possessing CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, as well as B cells, providing three independent lines of evidence for having developed immunity to HCMV. Only 15 of these 82 donors (18%) showed neither T- nor B-cell memory to HCMV, consistent with immunological naïveté to the virus. The data suggest that measurements of serum antibodies frequently fail to reveal HCMV exposure in humans, which may be better identified by direct detection of HCMV-specific memory lymphocytes.
Effect of Concentration on Amine-Modified Kenaf as a Sorbent for Carbon Dioxide Adsorption in a Pressure Swing Adsorption System
Authors: Zaini Nabilah , Kamarudin Khairul Sozana Nor
Published: May 2018

Amongst the strategies applicable for CO2 capture and sequestration, the adsorption process has a high potential to be applied as an alternative CO2 separation strategy as it offers large adsorption capacity, requires low energy for regeneration with economical equipment cost, prevents corrosion problems, and provides ease of applicability. Inspired by the most applicable amine-based chemical absorption for CO2 capture, the modification of adsorbent by amine was first considered and then investigated. This study introduces kenaf (Hibiscus Cannabinus L.) as a potential low-cost material in evaluating the effect of amine functional group concentrations on CO2 adsorption capacity. Monoethanolamine (MEA) and tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) were impregnated on kenaf via a wetness impregnation method to achieve the aim. The ratios of amine to kenaf were varied at 1:2, 7:10, 1:1, 2:1, 5:1, 7:1, and 10:1. Then, the prepared amine-modified kenaf core sorbent was characterized using different morphology and structural characterization techniques such as a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) analyzer and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Results obtained through the analyses showed that amine (MEA and TEPA) were successfully impregnated on the kenaf core surfaces, and that amine concentrations have a significant effect on the morphological structures of the kenaf core support. The study on CO2 adsorption capacity was conducted in a pressure swing adsorption system (PSA). Results revealed that the highest CO2 adsorption capacity for MEA-modified kenaf adsorbent was achieved at an amine to kenaf ratio of 1:1 (2.070 mmol/g), while for TEPA-modified kenaf adsorbent at a ratio of 2:1 (2.086 mmol/g). The study on the effect of amine concentration on kenaf adsorbent is beneficial in introducing kenaf as a sorbent in capturing CO2.
Comparing Colorfastness to Light of Wood-Staining Fungal Pigments and Commercial Dyes: An Alternative Light Test Method for Color Fastness
Authors: Hinsch Eric M. , Robinson Seri C.
Published: May 2018

Colorfastness to light is an essential quality for textiles exposed to sunlight for a significant length of time. In this study, the colorfastness (specifically to light) of fabrics dyed with wood-staining (spalting) fungal pigments was compared to the colorfastness of commercial dyes. A short-duration immersion dying method without heat was used to minimize both water and energy usage. Both mordanted and unmordanted fabrics were tested and compared for colorfastness. Additionally, a new method of testing for colorfastness to light was developed. Results indicate that the wood-staining fungal pigments demonstrate superior colorfastness to light over commercial dyes when the employed dyeing method is used. Additionally, the colorfastness to light testing method developed using the L-2 Blue Wool Standard and QUV Accelerated Weathering Machine is a viable alternative to current standard colorfastness to light testing methods.
Effects of Flow Rates and Density Matching on the Integrity of Solid Particles Coated by Water Phase Compound Droplets during the Transport Process
Authors: Pan Dawei , Liu Meifang , Chen Qiang , Huang Weixing , Li Bo
Published: May 2018

To achieve the integrity of solid particles coated by water phase (S/W/O) compound droplets, it is important to investigate the transport process of the compound droplets in the horizontal straight channel. The experimental results show that the integrity is significantly influenced by the flow rates and density difference. The water (W) phase is observed to be peeled off from the surface of the particles (polystyrene (PS) shells), mainly caused by the slip velocity of the W phase and the density mismatching among three phases. During the peeling off process, a relative motion between the solid (S) and W phases initially occurs, causing a decrease of the distance (δ) between them, and then, the PS shell is driven to pass through the W/O interface under the action of drag force and net gravity. It is also found that increasing flow rates of both phases contributes to obtaining integrated compound droplets. A boundary that separates the integrated from damaged compound droplets also exits when the fluid properties are fixed. Above the line of the boundary, compound droplets with integrity are prepared. Moreover, the absolute optimum density matching between the S and W phases is less than 0.003 g/cm3, while that between the W and oil (O) phases is less than 0.005 g/cm3.
Design and Preparation of a Micro-Pyramid Structured Thin Film for Broadband Infrared Antireflection
Authors: Ge Shaobo , Liu Weiguo , Zhou Shun , Li Shijie , Sun Xueping , Huang Yuetian , Yang Pengfei , Zhang Jin , Lin Dabin
Published: May 2018

A micro-pyramid structured thin film with a broad-band infrared antireflection property is designed and fabricated by using the single-point diamond turning (SPDT) technique and combined with nano-imprint lithography (NIL). A structure with dimensions of 10 μm pitch and 5 μm height is transferred from the copper mold to the silicon nitride optical film by using NIL and proportional inductively-coupled plasma (ICP) etching. Reflectance of the micro-optical surface is reduced below 1.0% over the infrared spectral range (800–2500 nm). A finite-difference-time-domain (FDTD) analysis indicates that this micro-structure can localize photons and enhance the absorption inside the micro-pyramid at long wavelengths. As described above, the micro-pyramid array has been integrated in an optical film successfully. Distinguishing from the traditional micro-optical components, considering the effect of refraction and diffraction, it is a valuable and flexible method to take account of the interference effect of optical film.
Air Condition’s PID Controller Fine-Tuning Using Artificial Neural Networks and Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Malekabadi Maryam , Haghparast Majid , Nasiri Fatemeh
Published: May 2018

In this paper, a Proportional–Integral–Derivative (PID) controller is fine-tuned through the use of artificial neural networks and evolutionary algorithms. In particular, PID’s coefficients are adjusted on line using a multi-layer. In this paper, we used a feed forward multi-layer perceptron. There was one hidden layer, activation functions were sigmoid functions and weights of network were optimized using a genetic algorithm. The data for validation was derived from a desired results of system. In this paper, we used genetic algorithm, which is one type of evolutionary algorithm. The proposed methodology was evaluated against other well-known techniques of PID parameter tuning.
An Analytical Solution to Lumped Parameter Equivalent Circuit Model of Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Huang Gongyi , Yu Fei , Xu Chuanzhong
Published: May 2018

In this paper, an analytical and closed-form solution to the lumped parameter equivalent circuit model of organic solar cells is proposed to complete the simulations of the S-shaped I-V characteristics. Based on the model previously proposed by Mazhari, the set of terminal current and voltage equations describing the three diodes is solved and the effects from the model parameters are illustrated. Our solutions are verified by being compared with the least square method results and experimental data, respectively. Good agreements show that our solution calculation scheme is not only both accurate and efficient, but also valid in the whole operation regime of solar cells, especially for the S-shaped kink on the condition where the terminal voltage is larger than the open circuit voltage. Such an analytical solution can play an important role in the simulations for I-V characteristics of solar cells, fast extractions of the model parameters, and implements into practical photovoltaic device simulators.
Structural and Hirshfeld Surface Analyses of a Novel Hetero-Tetranuclear CuII-NaI Bis(Salamo)-Based Coordination Compound
Authors: Sun Ya-Xuan , Liu Ling-Zhi , Wang Fei , Shang Xiao-Ya , Chen Le , Dong Wen-Kui
Published: May 2018

The newly designed butterfly-shaped hetero-tetranuclear CuII-NaI coordination compound, [Cu3(HL)2Na]∙Pic (Pic− is abbreviation of picrate) (1) which is derived from a naphthalenediol-based bis(Salamo)-type chelating ligand H4L have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, UV-vis spectra, IR spectra analysis, and Hirshfeld surface analysis. X-ray crystallographic analyses revealed that the coordination compound 1 is a novel hetero-tetranuclear CuII-NaI bis(Salamo)-type coordination compound and it differs from heterotrinuclear CuII-NaI bis(Salamo)-type coordination compound reported earlier. The Cu1 and Cu3 atoms are tetra-coordinated with geometries of distorted square pyramid, while Cu2 atom are hexa-coordinated with the geometry of a distorted octahedron. The NaI atom is octa-coordinated with the geometry of a distorted hexagonal bipyramid. Furthermore, the supramolecular structure and Hirshfeld surface analyses have been discussed in detail.
Effect of Lithium Doping on Microstructural and Optical Properties of ZnO Nanocrystalline Films Prepared by the Sol-Gel Method
Authors: Hsu Hung-Pin , Lin Der-Yuh , Lu Cheng-Ying , Ko Tsung-Shine , Chen Hone-Zern
Published: May 2018

The Zn1−xLixO (x = 0, 0.01, 0.03, and 0.05) nanocrystalline films were synthesized on silicon (Si) substrates by using the sol-gel method. The crystal structure and surface morphology of these films were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). We observed that the average grain size was gradually reduced with increasing doping Li content. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra show that increasing the Li content will deteriorate the crystalline quality and result in the decrease of ultraviolet emission from the excitonic recombination and the enhancement of visible emission from the recombination between the intrinsic defects. The current-voltage properties of Zn1−xLixO nanocrystalline films were also studied under dark and photo-illumination for photo-detection applications. The normalized photo-to-dark-current ratio (Iphoto − Idark)/Idark has been enhanced from 315 to 4161 by increasing the Li content of the Zn1−xLixO nanocrystalline films from zero to 0.05.
A New Family of Heterometallic LnIII[12-MCFeIIIN(shi)-4] Complexes: Syntheses, Structures and Magnetic Properties
Authors: Lou Tingting , Yang Hua , Zeng Suyuan , Li Dacheng , Dou Jianmin
Published: May 2018

A new family of LnIII [12-Metallacrown-4] compounds of formulas (C5H6N) [LnFe4(shi)4(C6H5COO)4(Py)4]·3.5Py [Ln = EuIII (1); GdIII (2); TbIII (3); DyIII (4); and, H3shi = salicylhydroxamic acid] were obtained through one-pot reactions with H3shi, Fe(NO3)3·9H2O, and, Ln(NO3)3·6H2O as reagents. Single-crystal X-ray analyses show that they are isostructural and have the similar [12-MCFeIII N(shi)-4] core, with four benzoate molecules bridging the central LnIII ion to the ring FeIII ions. The negative charge of the 12-MC-4 metallacrown is balanced by one pyridinium cation, which forms the hydrogen bond with an adjacent solvent pyridine molecule. Magnetic measurements demonstrate antiferromagnetic coupling interactions and field-induced slow magnetic relaxation in complex 4.
Diagnosing Breast Cancer with Microwave Technology: Remaining Challenges and Potential Solutions with Machine Learning
Authors: Oliveira Bárbara L. , Godinho Daniela , O’Halloran Martin , Glavin Martin , Jones Edward , Conceição Raquel C.
Published: May 2018

Currently, breast cancer often requires invasive biopsies for diagnosis, motivating researchers to design and develop non-invasive and automated diagnosis systems. Recent microwave breast imaging studies have shown how backscattered signals carry relevant information about the shape of a tumour, and tumour shape is often used with current imaging modalities to assess malignancy. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of microwave breast diagnosis systems which use machine learning to learn characteristics of benign and malignant tumours. The state-of-the-art, the main challenges still to overcome and potential solutions are outlined. Specifically, this work investigates the benefit of signal pre-processing on diagnostic performance, and proposes a new set of extracted features that capture the tumour shape information embedded in a signal. This work also investigates if a relationship exists between the antenna topology in a microwave system and diagnostic performance. Finally, a careful machine learning validation methodology is implemented to guarantee the robustness of the results and the accuracy of performance evaluation.
Case Report of Isoniazid-Related Acute Liver Failure Requiring Liver Transplantation
Authors: Li Andrew A. , Dibba Pratima , Cholankeril George , Kim Donghee , Ahmed Aijaz
Published: May 2018

The prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in the United States in 2011 and 2012 was estimated at 4.4–4.8%. As of 2015, 12.4 million people still possessed LTBI. Isoniazid, or isonicotinic acid hydrazine (INH), is the most commonly used medication among varying regimens that exist in the treatment of tuberculosis and LTBI. INH-related hepatotoxicity is a well-known adverse effect of its use, often causing asymptomatic elevations in serum aminotransferase levels. These elevations are typically transient and reversible, but can cause acute, clinically-significant liver injury in rare cases. We report a case of a 67-year old male who developed subacute hepatic injury secondary to INH treatment for LTBI, and ultimately underwent liver transplantation due to the progression to hepatic decompensation, despite withdrawal of the medication. Because symptoms of INH hepatotoxicity are nonspecific and prognosis can be variable, clinicians must maintain a high index of suspicion for this adverse effect. As exemplified by this case, early recognition may be life-saving.
Adiabatic Quantum Computation Applied to Deep Learning Networks
Authors: Liu Jeremy , Spedalieri Federico M. , Yao Ke-Thia , Potok Thomas E. , Schuman Catherine , Young Steven , Patton Robert , Rose Garrett S. , Chamka Gangotree
Published: May 2018

Training deep learning networks is a difficult task due to computational complexity, and this is traditionally handled by simplifying network topology to enable parallel computation on graphical processing units (GPUs). However, the emergence of quantum devices allows reconsideration of complex topologies. We illustrate a particular network topology that can be trained to classify MNIST data (an image dataset of handwritten digits) and neutrino detection data using a restricted form of adiabatic quantum computation known as quantum annealing performed by a D-Wave processor. We provide a brief description of the hardware and how it solves Ising models, how we translate our data into the corresponding Ising models, and how we use available expanded topology options to explore potential performance improvements. Although we focus on the application of quantum annealing in this article, the work discussed here is just one of three approaches we explored as part of a larger project that considers alternative means for training deep learning networks. The other approaches involve using a high performance computing (HPC) environment to automatically find network topologies with good performance and using neuromorphic computing to find a low-power solution for training deep learning networks. Our results show that our quantum approach can find good network parameters in a reasonable time despite increased network topology complexity; that HPC can find good parameters for traditional, simplified network topologies; and that neuromorphic computers can use low power memristive hardware to represent complex topologies and parameters derived from other architecture choices.
Observables and Unobservables in Quantum Mechanics: How the No-Hidden-Variables Theorems Support the Bohmian Particle Ontology
Authors: Lazarovici Dustin , Oldofredi Andrea , Esfeld Michael
Published: May 2018

The paper argues that far from challenging—or even refuting—Bohm’s quantum theory, the no-hidden-variables theorems in fact support the Bohmian ontology for quantum mechanics. The reason is that (i) all measurements come down to position measurements; and (ii) Bohm’s theory provides a clear and coherent explanation of the measurement outcome statistics based on an ontology of particle positions, a law for their evolution and a probability measure linked with that law. What the no-hidden-variables theorems teach us is that (i) one cannot infer the properties that the physical systems possess from observables; and that (ii) measurements, being an interaction like other interactions, change the state of the measured system.
Chaotic Attractors with Fractional Conformable Derivatives in the Liouville–Caputo Sense and Its Dynamical Behaviors
Authors: Pérez Jesús Emmanuel Solís , Gómez-Aguilar José Francisco , Baleanu Dumitru , Tchier Fairouz
Published: May 2018

This paper deals with a numerical simulation of fractional conformable attractors of type Rabinovich–Fabrikant, Thomas’ cyclically symmetric attractor and Newton–Leipnik. Fractional conformable and β -conformable derivatives of Liouville–Caputo type are considered to solve the proposed systems. A numerical method based on the Adams–Moulton algorithm is employed to approximate the numerical simulations of the fractional-order conformable attractors. The results of the new type of fractional conformable and β -conformable attractors are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Types, Topics and Trends: A Ten-Year Review of Research Journals in Science Education
Authors: O’Toole John Mitchell , Freestone Margaret , McKoy Karina S. , Duckworth Brian
Published: May 2018

All reviews are selective and this one restricts itself to content analysis of articles published between the beginning of 2005 and the end of 2014 in the premier, generalist, Science-education, research journals: International Journal of Science Education; Journal of Research in Science Teaching; Research in Science Education; Science Education, and Studies in Science Education. The analysis relies on coding of over 2000 abstracts in terms of research method, educational level, disciplinary context and research topic. Articles were tallied within each category for each journal to produce ranks indicating the relative output for that category. Presentation of results in two five-year spans (2005–2009 and 2010–2014) allows comment on variations in output across the ten years reviewed. Such broad reviews provide a useful spur to expert reflection while also mapping the field for novices attempting to enter it. A discussion of the themes of this Special Issue: Interactive Simulations and Innovative Pedagogy for Conceptual Understanding in Science Education provides one example of such use. The paper closes with a comparison with existing reviews and suggestions for further work. This research literature has claims to wider relevance because of its location on the boundary between Science and the Humanities.
Hybrid Electric Powertrain with Fuel Cells for a Series Vehicle
Authors: Aschilean Ioan , Varlam Mihai , Culcer Mihai , Iliescu Mariana , Raceanu Mircea , Enache Adrian , Raboaca Maria Simona , Rasoi Gabriel , Filote Constantin
Published: May 2018

Recent environmental and climate change issues make it imperative to persistently approach research into the development of technologies designed to ensure the sustainability of global mobility. At the European Union level, the transport sector is responsible for approximately 28% of greenhouse gas emissions, and 84% of them are associated with road transport. One of the most effective ways to enhance the de-carbonization process of the transport sector is through the promotion of electric propulsion, which involves overcoming barriers related to reduced driving autonomy and the long time required to recharge the batteries. This paper develops and implements a method meant to increase the autonomy and reduce the battery charging time of an electric car to comparable levels of an internal combustion engine vehicle. By doing so, the cost of such vehicles is the only remaining significant barrier in the way of a mass spread of electric propulsion. The chosen method is to hybridize the electric powertrain by using an additional source of fuel; hydrogen gas stored in pressurized cylinders is converted, in situ, into electrical energy by means of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The power generated on board can then be used, under the command of a dedicated management system, for battery charging, leading to an increase in the vehicle’s autonomy. Modeling and simulation results served to easily adjust the size of the fuel cell hybrid electric powertrain. After optimization, an actual fuel cell was built and implemented on a vehicle that used the body of a Jeep Wrangler, from which the thermal engine, associated subassemblies, and gearbox were removed. Once completed, the vehicle was tested in traffic conditions and its functional performance was established.
Wind Turbine Power Curve Upgrades
Authors: Astolfi Davide , Castellani Francesco , Terzi Ludovico
Published: May 2018

Full-scale wind turbine is a mature technology and therefore several retrofitting techniques have recently been spreading in the industry to further improve the efficiency of wind kinetic energy conversion. This kind of interventions is costly and, furthermore, the energy improvement is commonly estimated under the hypothesis of ideal wind conditions, but real ones can be very different because of wake interactions and/or wind shear induced by the terrain. A precise quantification of the energy gained in real environment is therefore precious. Wind turbines are subjected to non-stationary conditions and therefore it makes little sense to compare energy production before and after an upgrade: the post-upgrade production should rather be compared to a model of the pre-upgrade production under the same conditions. Since the energy improvement is typically of the order of few percents, a very precise model of wind turbine power output is needed and therefore it should be data-driven. Furthermore, the formulation of the model is heavily affected by the features of the available data set and by the nature of the problem. The objective of this work is the discussion of some wind turbine power curve upgrades on the grounds of operational data analysis. The selected test cases are: improved start-up through pitch angle adjustment near the cut-in, aerodynamic blade retrofitting by means of vortex generators and passive flow control devices, and extension of the power curve through a soft cut-out strategy for very high wind speed. The criticality of each test case is discussed and appropriate data-driven models are formulated. These are employed to estimate the energy improvement from each of the upgrades under investigation. The general outcome of this work is a catalog of generalizable methods for studying wind turbine power curve upgrades. In particular, from the study of the selected test cases, it arises that complex wind conditions might affect wind turbine operation such that the production improvement is non-negligibly different from what can be estimated under the hypothesis of ideal wind conditions. A complex wind flow might actually impact on the efficiency of vortex generators and the soft cut-out strategies at high wind speeds. The general lesson is therefore that it is very important to estimate wind turbine upgrades on real environments through operational data.
Plasma-Assisted Biomass Gasification with Focus on Carbon Conversion and Reaction Kinetics Compared to Thermal Gasification
Authors: Pang Yin , Bahr Leo , Fendt Peter , Zigan Lars , Will Stefan , Hammer Thomas , Baldauf Manfred , Fleck Robert , Müller Dominik , Karl Jürgen
Published: May 2018

Compared to conventional allothermal gasification of solid fuels (e.g., biomass, charcoal, lignite, etc.), plasma-assisted gasification offers an efficient method for applying energy to the gasification process to increase the flexibility of operation conditions and to increase the reaction kinetics. In particular, non-thermal plasmas (NTP) are promising, in which thermal equilibrium is not reached and electrons have a substantially higher mean energy than gas molecules. Thus, it is generally assumed that in NTP the supplied energy is utilized more efficiently for generating free radicals initiating gasification reactions than thermal plasma processes. In order to investigate this hypothesis, we compared purely thermal to non-thermal plasma-assisted gasification of biomass in steam in a drop tube reactor at atmospheric pressure. The NTP was provided by means of gliding arcs between two electrodes aligned in the inlet steam flow with an electric power of about 1 kW. Reaction yields and rates were evaluated using measured gas temperatures by the optical technique. The first experimental results show that the non-thermal plasma not only promotes the carbon conversion of the fuel particles, but also accelerates the reaction kinetics. The carbon conversion is increased by nearly 10% using wood powder as the fuel. With charcoal powder, more than 3% are converted into syngas.