bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aportación del estudio de la puntuación a la crítica textual. En homenaje a Francisco Rico
Authors: Sebastián-Mediavilla Fidel
Published: July 2024

El conocimiento de los criterios por los que se regía la puntuación en los siglos XVI y XVII, de una parte, y el dominio de las posibilidades que ofrece el sistema actual de puntuar pueden permitir al editor moderno corregir con más seguridad los errores recibidos, y proporcionar a su edición, por medio de una puntuación acertada, la corrección y la eficacia que seguramente campaba en el primer borrador. La comparación de la puntuación de varias copias o ediciones de una obra, aplicándole los criterios que aquí se explican, puede aclarar dudas sobre el stemma y hasta confirmar la verdadera autoría quizás no cuestionada.
Ricote, o la protesta negada
Authors: Gargano Antonio
Published: July 2024

El presente trabajo vuelve sobre el «desconcertado asombro» (Márquez Villanueva) que suscita en el lector el relato de Ricote (II, 54), en el que el morisco aplaude la medida real de la expulsión. En realidad, en su discurso se funden las dos instancias: frente a la justificación de la expulsión y la atroz crueldad, de la que los moriscos son víctimas, el discurso deja entrever un principio de protesta, al apelarse al principio de la libertad de conciencia. En conclusión, el discurso de Ricote debe leerse en su peculiaridad conflictiva, en cuanto oscila entre sumisión al poder y protesta política, razón de Estado y libertad de conciencia.
Tradycje i obyczaje ludności syberyjskiej w języku na materiale wybranych gwar rosyjskich
Authors: Kur-Kononowicz Jolanta ,   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski
Published: July 2024

The subject of the analysis is the lexical material extracted from several Siberian dialect dictionaries. Thematic groups are subject to description: religious holidays, fasts; baptism, prayer; harvest, haymaking; other rites; games, fun; social meetings, evenings, parties. An idiographic method of describing the collected lexical material was adopted (using thematic fields). The issue of linguistic transformation in mixed dialects was discussed. In the summary, attention was drawn to the linguistic meaning and cultural value of the collected lexemes. It is shown that the centuries-old process of interpenetration of cultures of a multi-ethnic community is reflected in the language of the inhabitants of Siberia.
Gruzini i Ormianie we wspomnieniach Polaków zesłanych na Kaukaz w pierwszej połowie XIX wieku
Authors: Chrostek Mariusz ,   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski
Published: July 2024

Poles exiled to the Caucasus in the first half of the 19 th century were fond of Georgians. Kazimierz Lapczynski, Michał Butowt-Andrzejkowicz, Hipolit Jaworski, Jan Załęski and Ksawery Pietraszkiewicz described the picturesque dress and beauty and temperament of Georgian women and men. They praised them for their sincerity, hospitality and cheerful disposition. They also approved of their vices: drunkenness, laziness, endless late-night partying – they treated them as an important part of their nationality. Zygmunt Rewkowski spoke out critically – he rebuked immorality in Georgians, marital infidelity, young women's abuse of cosmetics and a gross lack of hygiene. In his memoir, Matthew Gralewski revealed the mechanisms of mass Russification of wealthy Georgians, who went into debt to Prince Mikhail Vorontsov's fund and mindlessly imitated the lifestyle of Russians. The simple Georgian people lived very poorly – peasants with their families and animals lived in pits dug in the ground. Along with Georgians, Armenians were among the most numerous peoples in the Caucasus. They mastered trade and craft and got rich quickly, so Georgians were often in debt to them, which is why they hated Armenians. This resentment was also shared by some Polish exiles, who, like Rewkowski and Lapczynski, spoke very unfavorably about Armenians. Matthew Gralewski and Hippolyte Jaworski rated the Armenians more fairly – they praised them for their diligence and modesty. Both Georgians and Armenians are depicted in everyday situations. Polish memoirists show them as friends, neighbors and acquaintances – they do not create them as heroes of the then fashionable Orient.
Construction of a model for matching user's linguistic structures to a chat-bot language model
Authors: Kryazhych Olha , Vasenko Oleksandr , Isak Liudmyla , Havrylov Ihor , Gren Yevhen
Published: July 2024

The research object of this work is the linguistic structures of the user when constructing a request to a chatbot with generative artificial intelligence. The study solved the task of improving the communication mediation algorithms of chatbots through the comparison models of linguistic structures by users. Sometimes the user intentionally or due to lack of information forms an inaccurate request. Formally, this is described by logical operations "And" and "And or Not".
As a result of the research, a model was built comparing linguistic structures at the input with the information model of the response at the output. The model was based on an approach with recursive creation of an answer. That has made it possible to determine the basic characteristics of the object of the request and form an answer on this basis. Using this approach improved the accuracy of the chatbot response. It also made it possible to consider the linguistic structure of the user through its formalization. The use of logic algebra made it possible to find typical errors of users during dialogs with generative artificial intelligence.
A feature of the reported advancement is that the comparison of models of linguistic structures of query formation is carried out through a recurrent algorithm. As a result, it makes it possible to compare the query in such a way as to reduce the absolute error of the primary data by 0.02 % and simplify the process of mathematical calculations. At the same time, the received information becomes more accurate – the number of references increases from 2 to 6 sources.
The proposal could be used in practical activities to improve the natural language recognition technologies of users in chatbots with generative artificial intelligence. On this basis, it is possible to devise various applications and services for training and practical activities
Establishing mechanisms for nonlinear collector tribodynamics of magnetization under ferroresonance regimes
Authors: Zaspa Yuriy , Dykha Aleksandr , Matiukh Serhii , Dykha Maksym , Lytvynov Oleksandr
Published: July 2024

The paper considers a parallel electromagnetic oscillating circuit with a nonlinear inductance under conditions of excitation of ferroresonances. Physical mechanisms of dynamic self-regulation of the system of spin magnetic moments of ferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic dielectrics in the surrounding magnetic field are established. It is shown that upon entering the magnetic saturation regime, the effect of dynamic antiferroresonance is observed, due to the cyclic reversal of magnetization in the internal magnetic field. This effect has a collector character and corresponds to the maximum potential energy of the magnetic moment in the field and the antiparallel orientation of the moment with respect to the field. Such regimes are realized in thermodynamically non-equilibrium conditions and are correlated with unstable equilibrium positions of the corresponding mechanical analogues. The resulting forms of oscillations correlate with the dynamics of an inverted pendulum and have a significantly non-harmonic character. Autosynchronization of frequencies and nonlinear mixing of such forms with quasi-static modes imitating the time form of external excitation of oscillations were revealed. It is shown that the nonlinearity of ferromagnetic elements self-limits the height of resonance maxima. And on the other hand, it contributes to the cascade transport of energy by the spectrum of disturbances, which can have negative consequences when exciting low-frequency ferroresonances in power grids. The effect of dynamic antiferroresonance has the opposite direction to the known quasi-static behavior of the system of spin magnetic moments in an external field and must be taken into account when calculating and operating electrical systems with nonlinear inductances. Examples of collector self-oscillating modes similar in their physical mechanisms in nonlinear contact tribodynamics systems are given
Developing a model of association rules with machine learning in determining user habits on social media
Authors: Antoni Antoni , Arfah Mahrani , Fachrizal Ferry , Nugroho Okvi
Published: July 2024

The object of the research is the habits of social media users. The problem in this research is that there is a lot of data spread across social media platforms ranging from image data, text data to audio data, making it difficult to identify starting from user behavior patterns, user interest in certain things and user habits. This research aims to explore scattered text data as text data has not been analyzed deeply in terms of word structure, thus concealing a lot of information and making it difficult to conduct analysis to determine user patterns and behavior on social media. The results obtained from this research are in the form of analysis and models that can identify and understand user patterns and behavior on social media using association rules and machine learning approaches. In applying the association technique, an a priori algorithm is used, which in the process determines all text data into item sets so that it can identify the habits of social media users and in the machine learning process there is a model formation process so that the results can be compared. There are several stages in the process of determining user habits, such as cleaning data, changing unstructured data to structured, then going through the rule association stage using an a priori algorithm applied to social media data so that the relationship can be seen between words. After that, machine learning is applied so that comparisons occur in seeing the relationships between words. This is new research in producing a model to identify user behavior using association rules and machine learning so that it can be used to map positive, negative or neutral user behavior
Determining the influence of seasonal tilt angle on the efficiency of fixed solar photovoltaic modules
Authors: Golub Gennadii , Tsyvenkova Nataliya , Nadykto Volodymyr , Marus Oleh , Kepko Oleg , Omarov Ivan , Holubenko Anna , Shubenko Vladyslav , Zayets Maksym
Published: July 2024

The object of this study is photovoltaic modules with different seasonal tilt angles at different geographical latitudes. The average annual efficiency of photovoltaic modules with different seasonal angles set at different geographical latitudes has been determined as the annual weighted average value of the cosine of the angle of incidence of solar rays on the plane of the photovoltaic module. The influence of seasonal tilt angles of photovoltaic modules at different geographical latitudes on their average annual efficiency was analyzed.
Approximate values of the seasonal tilt angles of photovoltaic modules at different geographic latitudes take values that differ from the geographic latitude value by plus 15° for the winter period and minus 15° for the summer period.
Modeling the average annual efficiency of photovoltaic modules depending on the seasonal tilt angles at different geographical latitudes made it possible to obtain refined values of the seasonal tilt angles of photovoltaic modules. Thus, at the latitude of 0°, 10°, 20°, 30°, 40°, 50°, and 60°, the tilt angle of photovoltaic modules for the winter period will be 14.8°, 24.6°, 34.5°. 44.4°, 54.1°, 63.6°, and 73°, respectively, and for summer ‒ minus 14.5°, minus 4.6°, 5°, 15.1°, 25.1°, 34.9°, and 44.7°. Dependences were obtained for determining the seasonal tilt angles of photovoltaic modules depending on the value of geographic latitude.
The difference in the average annual efficiency of photovoltaic modules, which are installed at seasonal angles, and photovoltaic modules, which track the position of the Sun in the vertical plane, is 0.4 %.
The results could be used as a basis for evaluating the efficiency of photovoltaic modules when determining the seasonal tilt angle at different geographic latitudes
Detection and classification of threats and vulnerabilities on hacker forums based on machine learning
Authors: Mambetov Saken , Ilhe Ihor , Babenko Vitalina , Kulambayev Bakytzhan , Fridman Olena , Joldasbayev Serik , Doroshenko Hanna , Gurko Oleksandr , Begimbayeva Yenlik , Neronov Serhii
Published: July 2024

The object of this study is the process of detecting threats and vulnerabilities in hacker forums, which are a well-known source of potential dangers for Internet users. However, the problem of analyzing and classifying data from these forums is its complexity due to such features of the participants' language as specific slang, jargon, etc., which requires the use of modern tools of their processing. This paper explores the application of machine learning to devise an effective method for analyzing sentiment and trends in hacker forums to identify potential threats and vulnerabilities in cyberspace. All necessary stages of the process of detecting threats and vulnerabilities have been developed, ranging from data collection and preprocessing to the training of a model that is capable of processing “raw” unstructured data from hacker forums. The implementation of six popular machine learning algorithms, namely k Nearest Neighbors (kNN), Random Forest, Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machines (SVM), and Decision Tree algorithms have been studied with a view to determining their efficiency of threat and vulnerability detection and classification. The experiments have been conducted on real data (150,000 messengers). It has been determined that the Random Forest algorithm coped with the task the best (accuracy=0.89, recall=0.84, precision=0.91, F1-score=0.87 and ROC-AUC=0.89). The proposed tool based on machine learning not only collects data that poses a potential threat but also processes and classifies it according to the specified keywords. This allows detecting threats and vulnerabilities at a high speed. The results of the study make it possible to identify potential trends in threats and vulnerabilities. This will contribute to the improvement of cybersecurity systems and ensure more reliable protection of information resources
Identifying the effect of low-cycle fatigue of reinforced concrete structures on the properties of the reducing coefficient under the action of a seismic type load
Authors: Abakanov Mirken , Dyussembayev Izim , Nigmetov Mermurat
Published: July 2024

The object of consideration is seismic design, and the subject of the study is the determination of the reduction coefficient. One of the important problems of earthquake-resistant design is to determine the effect of low-cycle fatigue of reinforced concrete on the reduction coefficient and determine its optimal value.  This problem is not disclosed and is not specifically taken into account in the standards for earthquake engineering when determining the maximum bearing capacity of types of structures due to the lack of study of the issue. To solve the problem, a series of experimental studies were carried out on low-cycle fatigue of reinforced concrete bending elements and frame units. The range of results of the reduction coefficient values and the degree of influence of monocyclic fatigue on the properties of the reduction coefficient are obtained.
A feature and characteristic of the results obtained is that the reduction coefficient Rμ depends on the nature of the hysteresis deformation pattern and the plastic life of structural elements estimated by the plasticity coefficient μ, which is significantly influenced by low-cycle fatigue manifested at peak accelerations of strong seismic impacts. The above test algorithm, the feature and characteristics of the results obtained made it possible to solve the problem under study.
The results obtained are accepted for practical use in the action of seismic loads: on the calculation of strength taking into account new low-cycle coefficients, reduction coefficients for determining the spectra of design reactions and seismic loads, taking into account energy absorption. New reduction coefficients are proposed for determining the spectra of calculated reactions and seismic loads
A qualitative and quantitative analysis of polyphenolic compounds in five Epilobium spp. with a possible potential to alleviate benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Ain Raal , Kuiv Kristiina , Ilina Tetiana , Kovalyova Alla , Avidzba Yuliia , Koshovyi Oleh , Tõnu Püssa
Published: July 2024

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a widespread male disease, affecting more than 50 % of men over the age of 60 years. Inhibition of the enzyme 5α-reductase is a common treatment strategy for this condition. Such potential can be found in willow flowers (Epilobium spp.), which are known in folk medicine for treating of prostate ailments, mainly benign prostatitis, hypertrophy and prostatitis. Smallflower hairy willowherb (E. parviflorum), which is rare, is the most recommended for treating BPH.
The aim. The aim of the study was to investigate the qualitative and quantitative content of polyphenols in five Epilobium species (E. adenocaulon Hausskn., E. hirsutum L., E. montanum L., E. parviflorum Schreb. and E. palustre L.) growing in Estonia, to find the most promising species in terms of chemical composition to alleviate BPH.
Materials and Methods. The qualitative and quantitative analyses of polyphenols in herbs of Epilobium spp. were performed using HPLC/MS. All five species were collected from the pond's shore in Pilkuse village (Otepää municipality, Valga county, Estonia) in July 2008.
Research results. It was found that 20 % ethanol was optimal for extracting polyphenolic compounds from the herb Epilobium spp. with subsequent UV chromatogram analysis at 350 nm. In the analyzed Epilobium species, 12 polyphenolic compounds were identified. Oenothein B, myricetin rhamnoside and myricetin glucoside were the principal polyphenolic compounds among other identified constituents in the Epilobium spp. herbs. E. montanum had the highest content of oenothein B. The highest was the total content of myricetin glycosides for all five compared species, the total content of quercetin glycosides was slightly lower, and the total content of kaempferol glycosides was the lowest.
Conclusions. The content of polyphenols is highest in E. adenocaulon and the lowest in E. parviflorum. Thus, E. parviflorum does not offer the best therapeutic potential for the to relief of BPH in terms of the quantitative content of polyphenolic compounds
CYP2C19 polymorphisms on escitalopram treatment outcome in South Indian population with major depressive disorder
Authors: Kumar B Jeevan , Mahalingam Vijayakumar Thangavel , Kumar Ganesh
Published: July 2024

Various CYP2C19-mediated metabolizer groups may arise as a result of inter-individual variability, which potentially influences the efficacy and safety of escitalopram. Hence, it is crucial to establish a comprehensive collection of information relevant to each phenotype regarding the efficacy and tolerability of therapy. This will enable psychiatrists to make optimal decisions for individual patients.
The aim of the study: The aim of this study is to classify MDD patients into various CYP2C19 metabolizer groups and to determine the association between phenotype and treatment outcome.
Materials and Methods: The study enrolled 119 escitalopram monotherapy-treated MDD patients aged 18–58. MADRS, HDRS-17, and CGI were used to measure efficacy at baseline, weeks 4, 8, and 12. Safety and tolerability outcomes were examined from occurring ADRs. Clinical outcomes were compared among phenotypes based on changes in HDRS-17 and CGI scores from week 4 to week 12.
Results: Subjects were categorized by CYP2C19 genotype: 20 poor (PM), 64 intermediate (IM), 24 extensive (EM), and 11 ultra-rapid (UM) metabolizers. Response and remission occurred in 67.2 % and 26.8 % of the 119 subjects at the end of the 12th week of the study. The response rate in PM was much lower (21.6 %) compared to EM. There were 312 adverse drug reactions (ADRs), and 88 (73.94 %) individuals had at least one. In safety data, nervousness was the most common ADR among the four groups 66 (55.4 %), followed by decreased appetite 48 (40.3 %). There were no severe ADRs. Men had more ADRs than women.
Conclusion: CYP2C19 genotyping may help personalize escitalopram medication. The study found that the reduced ability of PM to metabolize escitalopram is probably associated with the decreased efficacy and tolerance shown in PM compared to EM and IM. The relationship between metabolizer status and treatment response followed the anticipated direction. Our findings should guide future clinical studies that include pharmacokinetic assessments
Analysis of the essential oils in leaves and rhizomes with roots of angelica Archangelica growing in Ukraine
Authors: Slobodianiuk Liudmyla , Budniak Liliia , Marchyshyn Svitlana , Sakhatska Inna , Hlushchenko Olena , Horlachuk Nataliia , Tverdokhlib Ihor
Published: July 2024

Essential oils, comprised of volatile compounds, have a wide range of biological effects, making them valuable in medicine, industry, and agriculture. They exhibit properties such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-obesity, antidiabetic, and smooth muscle relaxation. In this aspect, plants belonging to the genus Angelica show promise. One of these essential oil plants is Angelica archangelica. There is insufficient information in the literature on the essential oils of the leaves and rhizomes with roots of Angelica archangelica.
The aim. The aim of our study was to identify and determine the quantitative content of essential oils by GC/MS method in Angelica archangelica leaves and rhizomes with roots grown in Ukraine.
Materials and methods. The determination of the essential oils composition of Angelica archangelica was conducted using Agilent Technologies 6890 chromatograph with mass spectrometric detector 5973 (Agilent Technologies, USA).
Results. The leaves of Angelica archangelica were found to contain twenty-three components in their essential oil, while the rhizomes and roots of this plant contained fifteen components. Eleven components were common to both parts of the plant, namely cis-Pinane, α-Farnesene, α-Curcumene, α-Caryophyllene, Copaen, β-Bisabolene, δ-Amorphene, α-Muurolene, trans-Chrysanthemal, β-Guaiene, α-Elemene. Twelve components such as α-Pinene, β-Myrcene, 3-p-Menthene, Isoborneol, Anisole, Bornyl acetate, (Z)-β-Elemene, Caryophyllene, (-)-Spathulenol, α-Bergamotene, γ-Muurolene, α-Bisabolol were present only in leaves, and four components namely p-Isopropenylacetophenone, β-Cubebene, α-Zingiberene, Hexahydrofarnesyl acetone were present only in rhizomes with roots.
Conclusions. The component composition of the essential oil in the leaves and the rhizomes with roots of Angelica archangelica growing in Ukraine was investigated using the GS/MC method. We have defined for the first time the chemical composition of the essential oils of the leaves of Angelica archangelica, 23 components of essential oil were identified. In the rhizomes with roots, 15 components of essential oils were identified. The following pharmacologically important components, cis-Pinane and α-Farnesene, were found in both samples of the essential oil of Angelica archangelica in significant quantities. These results have been cross-analyzed and are particularly important for planning and defining the process of cultivation and use of this species plant in traditional and official medicine
Justification of the need to develop professional competence in future officers
Authors: Yesipova Olha , Goncharov Evgenij
Published: July 2024

The article examines the concept of professional competence and establishes that this concept does not have an unambiguous definition. In this regard, we decided to consider it as a basic characteristic of a personality. Professional competence consists of a set of knowledge, skills and abilities that allow one to perform professional duties effectively and efficiently. It has been established that the professional competence of future officers implies the availability of a wide range of knowledge, skills and abilities necessary for the effective performance of military tasks and responsible decision-making in any conditions. It includes not only an understanding of military strategy and tactics, but also the ability to lead, manage personnel, make strategic decisions and resolve critical situations. The results of the analysis of the educational process of future officers of higher military educational institutions have shown that there are discrepancies between their training and the real experience they gain in full-scale military conflicts, in particular, in the field of engineering support of the National Guard of Ukraine. These discrepancies can have a significant impact on the life and health of military personnel. An empirical study was conducted to confirm the hypothesis that there are such discrepancies between the training of future officers and their actual experience in the field of engineering support of the National Guard of Ukraine. For this purpose, the methods of observation and survey were used. Based on the results of the empirical study, we can note that the training of officers needs to be adapted to modern realities and challenges. In order to achieve a high level of professional competence of future officers, it is necessary to introduce innovative technologies and teaching methods into the educational process. The issue of professional competence development is extremely relevant, especially in the context of future officers, since the security of our borders and the sovereignty of the state depend on their professional skills
Foreign experience of software testing engineers training: analysis of educational standards and programs of American universities
Authors: Gura Oleksandr
Published: July 2024

The article aims to explore the U.S. educational system's approach to training software testing specialists, highlighting specific features and methodologies. The study involves analyzing key standards for IT engineer training in the USA, such as the ACM/IEEE Computer Science Curricula, ABET Accreditation Criteria, ISTE Standards for Educators, and CSTA K-12 Computer Science Standards, their overall context and targeting, as well as the inclusion of both fundamental and IT-specific disciplines into their content. In the study of each standard, particular emphasis was placed on defining the place and teaching methods of theory and practice of software testing in the university curriculum guidelines. As it was revealed in the analysis, despite the extremely similar interpretation of basic concepts and practices in the context of software testing, opinions about the methodology of their teaching and the need to study as a separate discipline, differ in a set of reviewed standards.
Additionally, the research examines training programs at leading American universities, including MIT, Stanford, and Carnegie Mellon University, to identify how software testing and quality assurance are reflected in their curricula, covering full-time training programs for students in computer science, software engineering and similar related fields. The analysis examined programs in both general and basic disciplines in the context of information technology, and specific to a certain technological or organizational area, such as mobile device development or IT project management. The content of the subjects, the list of modules and lectures, as well as tasks for extracurricular work, available in open sources, was also analyzed and searched for topics related to quality assurance or software testing. As revealed in the study, in most technical universities testing is not covered within a separate discipline, but is taught as a part of ones related to development practices. However, some training programs, in particular the Master's level, still have disciplines, devoted exclusively to quality control, testing management and automation
Classical Economists in the Face of the Old English Poor Law: Prejudice in Scholarly Clothes
Authors: Grzybek Dariusz
Published: July 2024

Objective: The purpose of this article is to identify the ideological functions of economic theory using the historical case of the opinions of classical economists on the poor law as an example (treating ideological sets of ideas as justifications for the social order).
Research Design & Methods: The research method adopted in this paper is an analysis of the text carried out in the context of its social function.
Findings: The article analyses some moral and social aspects of the emergence of economic theory and shows classical economists’ criticisms of the Old Poor Law as rationalisation of social prejudices of upper classes of society. The essence of the discourse of mainstream economists has been to show low moral resources in the working class as the cause of poverty, together with the thesis that social assistance perpetuates this condition. The opposite of these theories were John Barton’s arguments, portraying welfare as an investment in the moral resources of the poor, allowing them to return to the ranks of working people. This dispute was forgotten for many years, but seems still relevant in the 21st century context.
Implications / Recommendations: This paper supports the opinions of eminent scholars (like Blaug or Lindert) that the main problems with poverty are essentially the same in our times as in the 19th century. Blaming poor people for their poverty seems as familiar to us today as it was two hundred years ago. Thus the issue of the welfare state is more moral and political than it is theoretical.
Contribution: This paper is a contribution to the identification of the role of social prejudice in the emergence of economic theory.
Kierunek zmian procesów globalizacyjnych zachodzących w Polsce w obliczu pandemii COVID-19 oraz agresji Rosji na Ukrainę
Authors: Kruczek Pamela
Published: July 2024

Cel: Przedstawienie procesów globalizacyjnych, które zaszły w Polsce w latach 2000–2022, oraz określenie wpływu pandemii COVID-19 i agresji Rosji na Ukrainę na dalszy rozwój tych procesów w Polsce. Metodyka badań: Metodologia badawcza obejmuje analizę elementów wchodzących w skład indeksu globalizacji KOF, opisujących globalizację ekonomiczną, społeczną oraz polityczną w latach 2000–2022. Wyniki badań: W latach 2000–2020 Polska była najbardziej umiędzynarodowiona w obszarze politycznym, następnie w obszarze społecznym, a najmniej w obszarze ekonomicznym. Wybuch pandemii COVID-19 oraz agresja Rosji na Ukrainę wpłynęły negatywnie na handel zagraniczny, natomiast wartość inwestycji portfelowych oraz BIZ w Polsce w tym okresie wzrosła. W obszarze globalizacji społecznej w latach 2020–2022 można było zaobserwować negatywne tendencje, takie jak znaczny spadek liczby turystów w Polsce, ograniczenie swobód obywatelskich w okresie pandemii, dalszy spadek Polski w rankingu wolności mediów oraz spadek salda migracji zagranicznych na pobyt stały. W obliczu agresji Rosji na Ukrainę wiele państw wprowadziło sankcje wobec Rosji, zatem umocniła się współpraca międzynarodowa, co może wpłynąć pozytywnie na procesy globalizacji politycznej. Wnioski: Pandemia COVID-19 oraz wojna w Ukrainie spowodowały, że w niektórych obszarach gospodarczych i społecznych nastąpiło przyspieszenie procesów globalizacyjnych, a w innych ich spowolnienie. Kierunek zmian tych procesów w kolejnych latach w Polsce będzie zależał od długości trwania konfliktu ukraińsko-rosyjskiego, co implikuje konieczność podjęcia dalszych badań w tym zakresie. Wkład w rozwój dyscypliny: Uzyskane wyniki badań dotyczących wpływu pandemii COVID-19 oraz konfliktu ukraińsko-rosyjskiego na procesy globalizacyjne, które zachodzą w Polsce, przyczyniają się do lepszego zrozumienia nowych wyzwań w obliczu kryzysu gospodarczego.
Microplasma-Sprayed Titanium and Hydroxyapatite Coatings on Ti6Al4V Alloy: in vitro Biocompatibility and Corrosion Resistance: Part I
Authors: Alontseva Darya , (Yantsen) Yuliya Safarova , Voinarovych Sergii , Obrosov Aleksei , Yamanoglu Ridvan , Khoshnaw Fuad , Nessipbekova Assem , Syzdykova Aizhan , Yavuz Hasan Ismail , Kaliuzhnyi Sergii , Krasavin Alexander , Azamatov Bagdat , Khozhanov Alexandr , Olzhayev Farkhad , Weiß Sabine
Published: July 2024

This two-part paper investigates the bioactivity and mechanical properties of coatings applied to Ti6Al4V, a common titanium alloy used in endoprosthetic implants. Coatings made from hydroxyapatite (HA) powder and commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti) wires were applied using microplasma spraying. The study focuses on the responses of rat mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are essential for bone healing, to these coatings. Part I shows how adjusting the microplasma spraying process allows coatings with varying porosity and surface roughness to be achieved.
Selective double layer on black Ni–P enhances solar absorption and reduces corrosion
Authors: López Daniel Hermenégildo Castillo , Domínguez Adrián Sosa , Bueno José de Jesús Pérez , Cordova Gabriel Trejo , Rodríguez David Meneses , Cruz José Santos , Hernández Sandra Andrea Mayén , Ramírez Juan Manuel Olivares
Published: July 2024

This work investigated a double-layer configuration for the black nickel (Ni)–phosphorus (P) layers used in solar adsorption technology, aiming to increase the absorption of a broader range of solar wavelengths. This multilayer configuration had a surface with increased roughness and absorption area. The valleys were porous materials, which were connected to an underlying metallic sublayer that was susceptible to corrosion. In turn, this corrosion induced changes to the top layer. The nickel–phosphorus layer was deposited using the electroless technique using an acid nickel sulfate bath as a source of metal ions and the reducing agent sodium hypophosphite. Etching initiated an oxidation process on the surface, forming a layer of amorphous black nickel oxide for absorption. The surface features of the black nickel–phosphorus double layer consisted of an uneven surface that aided sunlight adsorption. Carbon steel (AISI 1018) with different surface finishes was used for depositing nickel–phosphorus and black nickel–phosphorus, aiming to establish correlations with solar adsorption. The sample with an increased surface roughness obtained a higher absorption percentage than a single layer. The corrosion rate was calculated as 7 mm per year for the black nickel–phosphorus layer by applying polarization curves. A 6 μm thick nickel–phosphorus double layer was obtained, achieving 96% absorption within the 300–2000 nm range.
An exploration of student MFL teachers’ emerging perceptions of decolonising the MFL curriculum
Authors: Bevan Kerry
Published: July 2024

How we teach Modern Foreign Languages (MFL) is currently being questioned in light of growing awareness of coloniality within the secondary curriculum and racial inequalities. Within this context, this research set out to explore the emerging perceptions of five student MFL teachers around decolonising the MFL curriculum during their second teaching placement at one university. Results indicated that whilst student MFL teachers have a theoretical understanding of decolonising the curriculum and are able to address the Eurocentrentric white narrative of individual lessons, which included the representation of their learners, they felt unable to move away from standalone lessons. Furthermore, individual positionality relating to decolonisation was for the most part absent. Greater support in terms of professional development and collaboration was identified for the future.
Sosyal Medyada Yer Alan Aile Söylemlerinin Analizi: Dini Perspektifli Fenomenler ve Youtube Örneği
Authors: Uçar Recep , Kurt Tuba
Published: July 2024

Sosyal medyayı, modern ve postmodern dönemin birey ve toplum yaşamı açısından meydana getirdiği değişimlerin teorik arka planı eşliğinde okumak gerekir. Bu durum gerçeklik ve simülasyon arasındaki zemini anlamlandırabilmek açısından önemlidir. Bu değişimin en bariz hissedildiği dini söylemin varlığını sosyal medya üzerinden devam ettirmesi, insanların manevi arayışlarının bir sonucudur. Din ve dini konuların sosyal medya ile ilişkisini ele alan çalışmalar mevcut olmakla birlikte, dini söylem içerikli adreslerin birey ve toplum yaşamı için önemli konumda yer alan aileye ilişkin söylemlerini inceleyen çalışmalara rastlanmadığı görülmüştür. Bu çalışmada bir sosyal medya aracı olan YouTube’daki dini perspektifli dört hesap sahibinin aileye ilişkin söylemleri incelenmiştir. Amaç, hesap sahiplerinin aileye ilişkin söylemlerinde kullandıkları ifadelerde ve bu ifadelerin ardında yatan anlamlarda dili nasıl kullandıklarını, soruna hangi zihinsel temsillere ve sosyal dünya anlayışına dayanarak nasıl bir çözüm getirdiklerini anlamaya ve yorumlamaya çalışmaktır. YouTube’daki aileye yönelik söylemleri dini söylem içerikli adresler üzerinden incelemenin, ailenin geleceğini yordamak açısından önemli olacağı düşünülmektedir. Çalışmada yöntem olarak Teun Adrian van Dijk’in söylem analizi kuramı kullanılmıştır. Veriler makro ve mikro açıdan analiz edilmiştir. Videoların içerisinde yar alan söylemler çalışma kapsamında temel veri olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Ölçüt örnekleme göre örneklem seçimi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgularda değerler ve yaşam tarzı bağlamında aileyi oluşturan ilişkiler ağında işlevsel açıdan bir değişim ve dönüşüm olduğu paradigması ön plana çıkmıştır. Modern kültürün ürünü olan sosyal medya ve internet, aile kurumundaki çözülmelerde ciddi bir sebep olarak görülmüştür. Ailenin geleceğine yönelik söylemlerin genel ahlaki bir norm biçiminde, her toplumda aynıymış gibi, geçmişe bağlı ve gelenekle sınırlı bir yapıda sunulduğu dikkatleri çekmiştir. Videolarda tek bir özneyi imtiyazlı kılan cinsiyetçi bir söylemin hâkim olduğu, üslup açısından da slogan benzeri ve abartı ifadelerin oldukça yoğun kullanıldığı görülmüştür. Bu çalışmanın gün geçtikçe daha fazla insan tarafından kullanılan ve maruz kalınan aileye yönelik söylemlerin doğru bir biçimde anlamlandırılması, evrensel nitelikli mesajlar taşıyan dinin dijital çağda değişen durumlara aktarılırken hangi çelişkilerin ortaya çıkabileceğinin ve nasıl bir dönüşüm geçirdiğinin ele alınması açısından yaygın din eğitimi alanında yapılacak çalışmalara katkı sunması beklenmektedir.
Clinical characteristics, epidemiology, and mortality of patients receiving antifungal therapy at a university hospital of the Triângulo Mineiro, Brazil
Authors: Pedroso Reginaldo dos Santos , Maria Pinto Monteiro Antonieti Flávia , Ângela Ribeiro Maria , Borges de Araújo Lúcio , Von Dolinger de Brito Roder Denise
Published: July 2024

Background and Objectives: Invasive fungal infections are associated with high morbidity and mortality in patients admitted to hospital, including those receiving appropriate therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of prophylactic and preemptive antifungal therapy; clinical and epidemiological features; and mortality of patients admitted to an infectious disease ward of a public high complexity hospital in Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: This is a retrospective study carried out in the infectious diseases ward of a public university hospital in Brazil. Data from patients hospitalized in 2019 and 2020 who received azole antifungals (fluconazole, itraconazole, or voriconazole), echinocandin (anidulafungin), and polyene (amphotericin B) were collected from medical records. Results: During the study period, 111 patients received one or more antifungal agent. The length of hospital stays of patients (29.35 days; p=0.0252), mean number of days of antibacterial drug use (23.5 days; p=0.0164), a diagnosis of AIDS (p=0.0397), mechanical ventilation (MV) (p<0.001), and presence of a nasoenteral tube (p<0.01) were variables that were associated with death. Fungal infection was confirmed in 79 (71.2%) patients who used antifungal drugs. The most frequent fungi isolated were Candida spp. (36; 32.4%) and Cryptococcus spp. (22; 19.8%), and there was an association between infection with these fungi and mortality (p<0.05; OR: 7.61 and 5.53, respectively). Regarding antifungal therapy indication, 56 (50.4%) patients received it as empirical therapy, 33 (29.7%) as targeted therapy, and 22 (19.8%) as preemptive therapy. Conclusion: The factors that contributed to mortality of the patients were longer hospital stays, AIDS, antibacterial medication use, mechanical ventilation, and presence of a nasoenteral tube. The type of antifungal therapy used did not influence the mortality in these patients.
HIV e tuberculose infantil: a fragmentação do fluxo de informação no interior paulista
Authors: Carraro Gatto Thamires , Cristina Chirinéa Donida Giovana , Flori Rodrigues da Costa Eliza , Wernet Monika , Yamamura Mellina
Published: July 2024

Justificativa e Objetivos: crianças ainda são afetadas pelo HIV e pela tuberculose (TB). Dessa forma, o objetivo do estudo foi identificar a ocorrência de casos de HIV e TB em crianças. Métodos: trata-se de estudo epidemiológico, não experimental, retrospectivo, em que a população foi constituída pelo registro de casos infantis de HIV e TB residentes em um município do interior do estado de São Paulo, no período de 2012 a 2022, na faixa etária de zero a 13 anos de idade. Após a coleta de dados, foi realizada a verificação de consistência e validade dos dados, seguida do tratamento categorizado das informações para análises descritivas e apresentação em tabelas de frequência absoluta e relativa. Resultados: no período de estudo, foram identificados seis casos de HIV e sete de TB em crianças com média anual respectiva de 0,033 e 0,031 casos/1.000 habitantes com idade até 13 anos. Verificaram-se 146 notificações de criança exposta ao HIV. Houve diferença de meses a anos entre as datas de diagnóstico e de notificação, o que diverge do recomendado pelo Ministério da Saúde. Foi verificada a incompatibilidade entre plataformas de registro de âmbito municipal e estadual, o que evidencia uma quebra do fluxo de informação das notificações. Conclusão: houve ocorrência de casos de HIV e TB infantil nos últimos dez anos. Foram identificados problemas estruturais na fragmentação do fluxo da informação que subsidia ações de saúde de acordo com as necessidades da população, o que ofusca a capacidade de resposta do sistema de saúde.
Case report: Rare case of a traumatic isolated rupture of the conoid ligament
Authors: Ganda Janesh , Roche Stephen , Scheepers Shaun
Published: July 2024

Acromioclavicular (AC) joint injuries can involve disruption of the AC and coracoclavicular ligaments. We report a case in aprofessional rugby player of an isolated disruption of the conoid ligament with no injury to the AC and trapezoid  ligaments. A 24-year-old professional rugby player fell onto his outstretched hand, injuring his right shoulder. The  differential diagnosis was an AC joint injury, coracoid fracture, stress fracture of the coracoid process, or subtle clavicle  fracture, which could not be diagnosed on plain film X-ray. An MRI confirmed an isolated rupture of the conoid ligament. No injury to the AC ligament or trapezoid was identified. Five weeks after the injury, the patient returned to full contact training and match play. This case demonstrates that in AC joint injuries, it is possible that the trapezoid ligament and conoid ligament are not simultaneously disrupted, and management is per a Grade II/III AC joint injury.
JUDICIAL CASE FLOW MANAGEMENT “CHECKPOINT”: HOW FAR HAVE WE GONE?
Authors: Selby Mfanelo Mbenenge
Published: July 2024

This article examines the introduction of judicial case flow management into South African law from a historical perspective, its initial failures, resistance and fundamental principles. It sets out the judicial attempts to regulate the management of litigious matters through the Uniform Rules of Court, particularly rule 37A, and the impact of the introduction of the era of norms and standards on case flow management. Through revelations in practice of the positive progress achieved in judicial case flow management, the central argument is that a more inquisitorial role in the case flow management system is key to ensuring access to justice.
THE COMPANIES ACT 71 OF 2008 DOES NOT OUST THE COMMON-LAW DERIVATIVE ACTION FOR CLOSE CORPORATIONS Naidoo v The Dube Tradeport Corporation [2022] ZASCA 14
Authors: Darren Subramanien
Published: July 2024

The Companies Act 71 of 2008 (2008 Act) abolished the common-law derivative action for companies; section 165 of the 2008 Act replaced it with the statutory derivative action (Griggs “The Statutory Derivative Action: Lessons That May Be Learnt From the Past!” 2002 University of Western Sydney Law Review par 1.2; Coetzee “A Comparative Analysis of the Derivative Litigation Proceedings Under the Companies Act 61 of 1973 and the Companies Act 71 of 2008” 2010 Acta Juridica 298). The question that remained was what impact this would have on common-law rights for close corporations that had been incorporated before the commencement of the 2008 Act but which have not converted to companies under that Act. The Supreme Court of Appeal (SCA) judgment in Naidoo v The Dube Tradeport Corporation ([2022] ZASCA 1) provides much-needed clarity on the status of the common-law derivative action for close corporations. The case also provides guidance on how a court will assess whether knowledge of information can be imputed to a third party in their dealings with a close corporation.
The prospects of zero energy building as an alternative to the conventional building system in Bangladesh (A review)
Authors: Mehedhi Hasan , AMM Shamsul Alam , Mohammad Alamgir Hossain , AMM Nurul Alam
Published: July 2024

Energy consumption in commercial and residential buildings worldwide accounts for about one-third of the world’s energy and one-quarter of greenhouse gas emissions. If current trends continue, by 2025, buildings worldwide will be the largest consumers of global energy, using as much power as the transportation and industrial sectors combined. Recent studies have found that improving energy efficiency in buildings is the least costly way to reduce a large quantity of carbon emissions. By changing energy management practices and instituting technologies that enhance energy efficiency, building owners and managers can reduce energy consumption by up to 35%. However, energy efficiency efforts in buildings alone cannot address future demand for more energy by this sector. To achieve breakthrough solutions to this problem, it is evident that a coordinated effort in a whole-building systems approach that emphasizes the necessity of integrating renewable on-site or distributed generation and energy efficiency is required to design the buildings of the future. Several International Energy Agency (IEA) countries have adopted a vision of so-called ‘net zero energy buildings’ (NetZEBs) as the long-term goal of their energy policies. This NetZEB is very new in Bangladesh and it started building green buildings which will lead to NetZEB shortly. However, Bangladesh has to comply with the IEA and must accept the zero-energy building concept.