bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Circulation of Fluorescently Labelled Phage in a Murine Model
Authors: Kaźmierczak Zuzanna , Majewska Joanna , Milczarek Magdalena , Owczarek Barbara , Dąbrowska Krystyna
Published: February 2021

Interactions between bacteriophages and mammals strongly affect possible applications of bacteriophages. This has created a need for tools that facilitate studies of phage circulation and deposition in tissues. Here, we propose red fluorescent protein (RFP)-labelled E. coli lytic phages as a new tool for the investigation of phage interactions with cells and tissues. The interaction of RFP-labelled phages with living eukaryotic cells (macrophages) was visualized after 20 min of co-incubation. RFP-labeled phages were applied in a murine model of phage circulation in vivo. Phages administered by three different routes (intravenously, orally, rectally) were detected through the course of time. The intravenous route of administration was the most efficient for phage delivery to multiple body compartments: 20 min after administration, virions were detected in lymph nodes, lungs, and liver; 30 min after administration, they were detectable in muscles; and 1 h after administration, phages were detected in spleen and lymph nodes. Oral and rectal administration of RFP-labelled phages allowed for their detection in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract only.
The Spectrum of Bacille Calmette–Guérin Diseases in Children—A Decade of Data from Neonatal Vaccination Settings
Authors: Al Busaidi Noora , KP Prakash , Al-Jardani Amina , Al-Sukaiti Nashat , Al Tamemi Salem , Al-Rawahi Bader , Al Hinai Zaid , Alyaquobi Fatma , Al-Abri Seif , Al-Maani Amal
Published: February 2021

In this paper, we present a multicentre record-based descriptive study used to estimate the incidence and characterize the spectrum of confirmed bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine-related disease among children in Oman. This study included all children (age ≤ 14 years) who had culture and/or polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed BCG disease from January 2006 to December 2018, as identified from Central Public Health Laboratory data and International Classification of Diseases coding of an electronic patient information system. In total, 88 children confirmed to have BCG disease were included in the study, making an average incidence of 9.2 cases per 100,000 vaccinated neonates. The males comprised 65.9%, Omanis 93.2%, and the median age of presentation was 4 months in children with BCG disease. The most common type of disease was BCG abscesses (72.4%). Children with immunodeficiency and those presenting within 6 months were found to have a more severe and disseminated disease. In total, 28 children had immunodeficiency. The age of presentation and type of BCG disease was significantly associated with immunodeficiency status. The majority of cases required therapy (both medical and surgical) and recovered well. The incidence of laboratory-confirmed BCG vaccine-related disease was low in Oman supporting continuing the use of the BCG vaccination practice at birth.
Hydrogenotrophic Denitrification of Groundwater Using a Simplified Reactor for Drinking Water: A Case Study in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
Authors: Shinoda Kenta , Maharjan Amit Kumar , Maharjan Rabin , Singhopon Tippawan , Rujakom Suphatchai , Tsutsumi Yuya , Shakya Bijay Man , Kamei Tatsuru , Eamrat Rawintra , Kazama Futaba
Published: February 2021

High nitrate-nitrogen (NO3−–N) content is a typical feature of groundwater, which is the primary water source in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. Considering the Kathmandu Valley’s current problem of water scarcity, a user-friendly system for removing NO3−–N from groundwater is promptly desired. In this study, a simplified hydrogenotrophic denitrification (HD) reactor was developed for the Kathmandu Valley, and its effectiveness was evaluated by its ability to treat raw groundwater. The reactor operated for 157 days and showed stability and robustness. It had an average nitrogen removal efficiency of 80.9 ± 16.1%, and its nitrogen loading rate and nitrogen removal rate varied from 23.8 to 92.3 g–N/(m3∙d) and from 18.3 to 73.7 g–N/(m3∙d), respectively. Compared to previous HD reactors, this simplified HD reactor is a more user-friendly option for the Kathmandu Valley, as most of the materials used for the reactor were locally available and require less maintenance. The reactor is recommended for groundwater treatment at the household level. It has a current treatment capacity of 40 L/d, which can fulfill the daily requirements for drinking and cooking water in a household with 4–5 people.
Structural and Functional Variations of the Macrobenthic Community of the Adige Basin along the River Continuum
Authors: Gaglio Mattias , Aschonitis Vassilis , Muresan Alexandra , Vincenzi Fabio , Castaldelli Giuseppe , Fano Elisa
Published: February 2021

Since the publication of the River Continuum Concept (RCC), the capacity of the longitudinal dimension to predict the distribution of species and ecological functions in river networks was discussed by different river theories. The taxonomic structures and functional attributes of macrobenthic communities were investigated along the river continuum in the river Adige network (Northern Italy), with the aim to test the reliability of RCC theory and clarify the relation between structural and functional features in lotic systems. Distance from the spring was found to be most representative proxy among environmental parameters. The analysis highlighted the decrease of biodiversity levels along the river continuum. The decrease of taxonomic diversity corresponded to the loss in functional richness. The abundances of predator and walker taxa, as well as semelparous organisms, declined along the longitudinal gradient, suggesting variations in community complexity and granulometry. Regression models also depicted the presence of disturbed communities in the central section of the basin, where intensive agricultural activities occur, that affected environmental gradients. Overall, results offered evidences that the river continuum may predict macrobenthic community structures in terms of taxonomic diversity, thus confirming the general validity of RCC. Nonetheless, the functional analysis did not provide equally clear evidences to support the theory. After four decades from its postulation, the RCC is still a reliable model to predict the general macroinvertebrates distribution. However, community functions may respond to a number of local factors not considered in RCC, which could find a declination in other theories. The relations between structural and functional features confirmed to be complex and sensitive to disturbances and local conditions.
Deriving Natural Background Levels of Arsenic at the Meso-Scale Using Site-Specific Datasets: An Unorthodox Method
Authors: Filippini Maria , Zanotti Chiara , Bonomi Tullia , Sacchetti Vito , Amorosi Alessandro , Dinelli Enrico , Rotiroti Marco
Published: February 2021

Arsenic is found in groundwater above regulatory limits in many countries and its origin is often from natural sources, making the definition of Natural Background Levels (NBLs) crucial. NBL is commonly assessed based on either dedicated small-scale monitoring campaigns or large-scale national/regional groundwater monitoring networks that may not grab local-scale heterogeneities. An alternative method is represented by site-specific monitoring networks in contaminated/polluted sites under remediation. As a main drawback, groundwater quality at these sites is affected by human activities. This paper explores the potential for groundwater data from an assemblage of site-specific datasets of contaminated/polluted sites to define NBLs of arsenic (As) at the meso-scale (order of 1000 km2). Common procedures for the assessment of human influence cannot be applied to this type of dataset due to limited data homogeneity. Thus, an “unorthodox” method is applied involving the definition of a consistent working dataset followed by a statistical identification and critical analysis of the outliers. The study was conducted in a highly anthropized area (Ferrara, N Italy), where As concentrations often exceed national threshold limits in a shallow aquifer. The results show that site-specific datasets, if properly pre-treated, are an effective alternative for the derivation of NBLs when regional monitoring networks fail to catch local-scale variability.
Nonstationary Ecological Instream Flow and Relevant Causes in the Huai River Basin, China
Authors: Wen Qingzhi , Sun Peng , Zhang Qiang , Li Hu
Published: February 2021

Based on the daily precipitation data during 1960–2016 at 72 stations and the daily streamflow data during 1956–2016 at 7 hydrological stations in the Huai River Basin (HRB), China, eco-surplus and eco-deficit under influences of abrupt streamflow behaviors were analyzed using Flow Duration Curve (FDC). The relations between indicators of hydrological alteration (IHA) and ecological indicators (Shannon Index, SI) were quantified, investigating impacts of altered hydrological processes on the evaluations of the ecological instream flow. Besides, we also quantified fractional contributions of climatic indices to nonstationary ecological instream flow using the Generalized Additive Models for Location Scale and Shape (GAMLSS) framework. While the possible impact of human activities on ecological instream flow will be revealed based on land use changes data. The results indicated that: (1) FDC is subject to general decrease due to hydrological alterations, and most streamflow components are lower than 25% FDC. We found increased eco-deficit and decreased eco-surplus due to altered hydrological processes. The FDC of the streamflow in the main stream of the HRB is lower than that along the tributaries of the HRB. Eco-surplus (eco-deficit) changes are in good line with precipitation anomaly changes during the Spring, Autumn and Winter periods. However, the hydrological alterations due to hydrological regulations by the reservoirs are the primary cause behind the mismatch between ecological instream flow and precipitation anomalies during summer; (2) Annual and seasonal eco-surplus (eco-deficit) is decreasing (increasing) and that during winter season is an exception. Although higher eco-surplus in winter than in other seasons, the eco-surplus is decreasing persistently and the 21st century witnessed the lowest eco-surplus along the main stream of the HRB. Meanwhile, the Shannon index indicated decreased ecological diversity across the HRB; (3) The ecological instream flow is highly sensitive to The Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Niño 3.4 Sea Surface Temperature Index (Nino3.4). Meanwhile, the ecological instream flow along the mainstream of the HRB is highly sensitive to climate indices. While the ecological instream flow by GAMLSS model has better fitting performance in describing the extreme values and local trends.
An Enhanced Electrocoagulation Process for the Removal of Fe and Mn from Municipal Wastewater Using Dielectrophoresis (DEP)
Authors: Almukdad Abdulkarim , Hawari Alaa H. , Hafiz MhdAmmar
Published: February 2021

In this study the removal of Fe and Mn from primary treated municipal wastewater using a new electrode configuration in electrocoagulation was evaluated. The used electrode configuration induced a dielectrophoretic (DEP) force in the electrocoagulation process. The impact of the electrolysis time, electrodes spacing and applied current on the removal of Fe and Mn was evaluated. The maximum removal percentages of Fe and Mn were obtained using an electrolysis time of 60 min, an electrode spacing of 0.5 cm and an applied current of 800 mA. Under these operating conditions and using the new electrodes configuration, the Fe and Mn removals were 96.8% and 66%, respectively. The main advantage of using the DEP-induced electrode configuration was the minimal consumption of the electrodes. The new electrode configuration showed 42% less aluminum content in the reactor compared to the aluminum electrodes with no DEP effect. The energy consumption at the selected operation conditions was 4.88 kWh/m3. The experimental results were comparable with the simulation results achieved by the COMSOL software.
Removal of Pharmaceuticals from Water: Conventional and Alternative Treatments
Authors: Coimbra Ricardo N. , Escapa Carla , Otero Marta
Published: February 2021

Freshwater represents around 2 [...]
Rainfall-Induced Shallow Landslide Detachment, Transit and Runout Susceptibility Mapping by Integrating Machine Learning Techniques and GIS-Based Approaches
Authors: Di Napoli Mariano , Di Martire Diego , Bausilio Giuseppe , Calcaterra Domenico , Confuorto Pierluigi , Firpo Marco , Pepe Giacomo , Cevasco Andrea
Published: February 2021

Rainfall-induced shallow landslides represent a serious threat in hilly and mountain areas around the world. The mountainous landscape of the Cinque Terre (eastern Liguria, Italy) is increasingly popular for both Italian and foreign tourists, most of which visit this outstanding terraced coastal landscape to enjoy a beach holiday and to practice hiking. However, this area is characterized by a high level of landslide hazard due to intense rainfalls that periodically affect its rugged and steep territory. One of the most severe events occurred on 25 October 2011, causing several fatalities and damage for millions of euros. To adequately address the issues related to shallow landslide risk, it is essential to develop landslide susceptibility models as reliable as possible. Regrettably, most of the current land-use and urban planning approaches only consider the susceptibility to landslide detachment, neglecting transit and runout processes. In this study, the adoption of a combined approach allowed to estimate shallow landslide susceptibility to both detachment and potential runout. At first, landslide triggering susceptibility was assessed using Machine Learning techniques and applying the Ensemble approach. Nine predisposing factors were chosen, while a database of about 300 rainfall-induced shallow landslides was used as input. Then, a Geographical Information System (GIS)-based procedure was applied to estimate the potential landslide runout using the “reach angle” method. Information from such analyses was combined to obtain a susceptibility map describing detachment, transit, and runout. The obtained susceptibility map will be helpful for land planning, as well as for decision makers and stakeholders, to predict areas where rainfall-induced shallow landslides are likely to occur in the future and to identify areas where hazard mitigation measures are needed.
Influence of Intensive Agriculture on Benthic Macroinvertebrate Assemblages and Water Quality in the Aconcagua River Basin (Central Chile)
Authors: Fierro Pablo , Valdovinos Claudio , Lara Carlos , Saldías Gonzalo
Published: February 2021

This study assessed natural variation in the macroinvertebrate assemblages (MIB) and water quality in one of the main basins with the largest agricultural activities in Chile (Aconcagua River Basin). We sampled throughout the annual cycle; nine sampling sites were established along the basin, classifying according to agricultural area coverage as least-disturbed, intermediate, and most-disturbed. We collected 56 macroinvertebrate taxa throughout the entire study area. Multivariate analysis shows significant differences among the three disturbance categories in different seasons, both water quality variables and the MIB structure. Distance-based linear model (DistLM) analysis for all seasons explained more than 95.9% of the macroinvertebrate assemblages, being significantly explained by chemical oxygen demand, pH, total coliforms, nitrites, elevation, and water temperature. ANOVA test revealed significant differences in the proportion of noninsect individuals, macroinvertebrates density, and the number of taxa among the three disturbance categories (p < 0.05). In general, water temperature, conductivity, chemical oxygen demand, ammonium, nitrites, and nitrates increased their values downstream in the basin. Our results indicate that the elevation gradient and increment in agricultural land use in the basin had a strong influence on water quality and MIB. A better understanding of these ecosystems could help conservation and integrated watershed management.
Analysis of Pore Water Pressure and Piping of Hydraulic Well
Authors: Kim Jinman , Han Heuisoo , Jin Yoonhwa
Published: February 2021

This paper shows the results of a field appliance study of the hydraulic well method to prevent embankment piping, which is proposed by the Japanese Matsuyama River National Highway Office. The large-scale embankment experiment and seepage analysis were conducted to examine the hydraulic well. The experimental procedure is focused on the pore water pressure. The water levels of the hydraulic well were compared with pore water pressure data, which were used to look over the seepage variations. Two different types of large-scale experiments were conducted according to the installation points of hydraulic wells. The seepage velocity results by the experiment were almost similar to those of the analyses. Further, the pore water pressure oriented from the water level variations in the hydraulic well showed similar patterns between the experiment and numerical analysis; however, deeper from the surface, the larger pore water pressure of the numerical analysis was calculated compared to the experimental values. In addition, the piping effect according to the water level and location of the hydraulic well was quantitatively examined for an embankment having a piping guide part. As a result of applying the hydraulic well to the point where piping occurred, the hydraulic well with a 1.0 m water level reduced the seepage velocity by up to 86%. This is because the difference in the water level between the riverside and the protected side is reduced, and it resulted in reducing the seepage pressure. As a result of the theoretical and numerical hydraulic gradient analysis according to the change in the water level of the hydraulic well, the hydraulic gradient decreased linearly according to the water level of the hydraulic well. From the results according to the location of the hydraulic well, installation of it at the point where piping occurred was found to be the most effective. A hydraulic well is a good device for preventing the piping of an embankment if it is installed at the piping point and the proper water level of the hydraulic well is applied.
Comparative Study of Consequent-Pole Switched-Flux Machines with Different U-Shaped PM Structures
Authors: Li Ya , Yang Hui , Lin Heyun
Published: February 2021

This paper presents a comparative study of two consequent-pole switched-flux permanent magnet (CP-SFPM) machines with different U-shaped PM arrangements. In order to address the flux barrier effect in a sandwiched SFPM machine, two different alternate U-shaped PM designs are introduced to improve the torque capability, forming two CP-SFPM machine topologies. In order to reveal the influence of different magnet designs on the torque production, a simplified PM magneto-motive force (MMF)-permeance model is employed to identify the effective working harmonics in the two CP-SFPM machines. The torque contributions of the main working harmonics are subsequently quantified by a hybrid finite-element (FE)/analytical method. Multi-objective genetic algorithm (GA) optimization is then employed to optimize the design parameters of the proposed CP-SFPM machines. In addition, the electromagnetic characteristics of the CP-SFPM machines with two U-shaped PM arrangements are investigated and compared by the FE method. Finally, a 6/13-pole CP-SFPM machine with an optimally selected U-shaped PM structure is manufactured and tested to validate the FE analyses.
Design and Implementation of Reduced Grid Impact Charging Station for Public Transportation Applications
Authors: Benedetto Marco di , Ortenzi Fernando , Lidozzi Alessandro , Solero Luca
Published: February 2021

This paper deals with the complete design procedure, implementation and control software realization for a multi-converter charging station with reduced grid impact due to local electromechanical energy storage. In particular, energy storage is accomplished by a dedicated flywheel designed and built for this purpose. The proposed charging station was designed for ultra-fast charging procedures presenting a strongly reduced impact on the electrical grid. Modes of operations are described with reference to pure electric buses in public transportation applications.
PARADIGMAL CONCEPT OF THE MOBILITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION: PHILOSOPHICAL EXPOSITION
Authors: Lobanova Kateryna
Published: February 2021

The article examines the main sources of globalization, formulates the modern paradigm of world mobilities, as well as demonstrates their relationship with each other. The modern process of regular changes and the creation of a new paradigm of reality is substantiated.
Control de la gestión de mantenimiento para la rehabilitación a pozos petroleros
Authors: González Gustavo
Published: February 2021

El objetivo principal del estudio se centra en determinar el control de la gestión de mantenimiento para la rehabilitación a pozos petroleros. Se desarrolló, metodológicamente, bajo un tipo descriptivo, con diseño no experimental, transeccional, y de campo. La población quedó delimitada por los gerentes y supervisores de las dos (2) empresas nacionales prestatarias de servicios de rehabilitación a pozos en la Costa Oriental del Lago. Para la recolección de la información se diseñó un cuestionario, conformado por 15 ítems, bajo la escala Lickert, validada por el juicio de expertos. Para la confiabilidad, se empleó el método Alpha Cronbach, cuyo resultado fue de 0,92. Se aplicó la frecuencia porcentual para el análisis estadístico. Se evidenció alto cumplimiento del control de los materiales y de los costos; y mediano cumplimiento en lo referente a los controles de trabajo, de inventario y de calidad.
A Novel Recurrent Neural Networks Architecture for Behavior Analysis
Authors: Jaouedi Neziha , Boujnah Noureddine , Bouhlel Mohamed
Published: February 2021

Behavior analysis is an important yet challenging task on computer vision area. However, human behavior is still a necessity in differents sectors. In fact, in the increase of crimes, everyone needs video surveillance to keep their belongings safe and to automatically detect events by collecting important information for the assistance of security guards. Moreover, the surveillance of human behavior is recently used in medicine fields to quickly detect physical and mental health problems of patients. The complex and the variety presentation of human features in video sequence encourage researches to find the effective presentation. An effective presentation is the most challenging part. It must be invariant to changes of point of view, robust to noise and efficient with a low computation time. In this paper, we propose new model for human behavior analysis which combine transfer learning model and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). Our model can extract human features from frames using the pre-trained model of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) the Inception V3. The human features obtained are trained using RNN with Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU). The performance of our proposed architecture is evaluated by three different dataset for human action, UCF Sport, UCF101 and KTH, and achieved good classification accuracy
Öğretmenlerin Mikro Direniş Stratejileri
Authors: ÇETİN Fatih , ZENGİN Emel , ALTUN Çiğdem , DEMİR Sibel , ŞENTÜRK İlknur
Published: February 2021

Araştırmanın kavramsal çerçevesi özne, iktidar, direniş kavramlarına yönelik tanımlamalar ve açımlayıcı bilgilere yer verilerek kurulmuştur. Millî Eğitim Bakanlığına (MEB) bağlı eğitim kurumlarında öğretmenlerin tahakküm ilişkilerine ve özne olarak karşılaştıkları durumlara yönelik geliştirdikleri direniş stratejilerinin, Foucault ve Scott’un paradigmalarından yararlanılarak saptanmasıdır. Bu amaç çerçevesinde araştırma soruları şu şekilde belirlenmiştir: Öğretmenlerin direniş stratejisi olarak: 1. “İhlale” ilişkin görüşleri nelerdir? 2. Yeni nesil teknolojilere ve uygulamalara direniş, kaçma ve oyun performansına ilişkin görüşleri nelerdir? 3. Sahte uygunluk/sahte uyum gösterme ile ilgili görüşleri nelerdir?4. “Gizli senaryolara ilişkin görüşleri nelerdir? Çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgu bilim deseniyle gerçekleşmiştir. Araştırmada çalışma grubunu amaçlı örneklem ile belirlenen; Eskişehir il merkezindeki devlet okullarında ortaokul ve lise düzeyinde görev yapmakta olan, amaçlı örneklem ile seçilen 21 öğretmen oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri, nitel araştırma tekniklerinden, araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen ve uzman görüşleri ile son hali verilen yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile toplanmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde; öğretmenlerin ihlal başta olmak üzere, sahte uyum, rol yapma, öz denetim, gizli senaryoları bireysel direniş stratejileri olarak kullandıkları görülmektedir.
Spécificité et flexibilité dans la ponte de Zerynthia polyxena sur différentes espèces du genre Aristolochia en région méditerranéenne française / Specificity and flexibility of egg laying by Zerynthia polyxena on different species of Aristolochia in Mediterranean France
Authors: Gauthier Perrine , Manincor Natasha de , Picquenot Manon , Pons Virginie , Schumpp Ugo , Thompson John D.
Published: February 2021

Dans leurs différentes aires de distribution, les papillons du genre Zerynthia présentent des plantes-hôtes diverses au sein du genre Aristolochia. En France méditerranéenne, où Z. polyxena, la Diane, est en limite nord-ouest de distribution, elle pond généralement sur A. rotunda qui pousse à la fois dans les prairies humides littorales et certaines garrigues d’arrière-pays. Dans la zone d’étude (départements de l’Hérault et du Gard), son aire de distribution chevauche celle de Z. rumina, la Proserpine, dans sa limite orientale. Cette dernière pond sur A. pistolochia qui pousse dans les garrigues sèches d’arrière-pays. Trois axes d’observations de terrain ont été définis afin de voir (1) si la fréquence de ponte de Z. polyxena varie dans ses différents habitats, (2) dans quelle mesure A. rotunda est réellement la plantehôte préférentielle de Z. polyxena et (3) si Z. polyxena et Z. rumina demeurent spécialistes lorsqu’elles partagent le même habitat avec leurs deux plantes-hôtes en mélange ou en étroite proximité. L’ensemble de ces travaux a bien conforté qu’A. rotunda est l’hôte privilégié de Z. polyxena dans ses deux grands habitats de France méditerranéenne bien que des pontes puissent être observées sur A. clematitis et plus rarement sur A. paucinervis sur les sites littoraux. En parapatrie, Z. polyxena et Z. rumina peuvent ponctuellement changer de plante-hôte même si elles conservent une préférence pour la leur. Malgré leur statut de protection, ces papillons spécialistes sont principalement menacés par la destruction de leurs habitats par l’urbanisation et l’implantation d’infrastructures.
Évolution des caractéristiques pluviométriques entre 1979 et 2009 dans le micro-bassin versant de l’oued Rhiou (bassin de Cheliff) Algérie / Recent trends in Oued Rhiou micro watershed rainfall (1979-2009)
Authors: Kaci Malik , M’Hamed Arouss
Published: February 2021

The Gargar Dam is a large-scale hydraulic structure commissioned in 1989 with an initial capacity of 450 million cubic meters. It is intended for irrigation and drinking water supply. On the basis of its first bathymetric survey carried out in 2004 by the National Agency of Dams and Transfers, the dam was reduced by a volume of 92 million cubic meters in fifteen years of operation due to an accelerated siltation. This study thus aims to analyze the rainfall variations recorded at the meteorological station of the Gargar dam (Oued Rhiou) between 1979 and 2009, located 5 km from the town of Oued Rhiou, wilaya of Relizane. It appears that precipitation and their characteristics are decreasing during the period that we analyzed. Linear decreasing trends were observed on the average rainfall from wet days (SDII) as well as on the total number of days with rainfall> = 10 mm (P10), total precipitation annual (PTOT), total number of wet days (rain ≥ 1 mm) (JP), total number of days with rainfall> = 20 mm (P20), maximum daily rainfall (Px1J), rainfall frequency intense (P95p), extreme (P99p). Moreover, the linear trends (expressed in % per decade) calculated for the eight rainfall indices from 1979 to 2009 significantly decrease significant downward (P(t) < 0.05). The application of statistical tests on the metrological series of the Gargar Dam metrological station (randomness verification tests, Normality method, Lee and Heghinian Bayesian method) allowed to determine the breakup period so the posterior probability density of the position of climate variability. This allowed us to verify that the decrease in annual precipitation does not lead to a decrease in runoff. Indeed, we observed that runoff and erosion significantly increased between 1985 and 2014 in the watershed of Oued Rhiou. Further studies are thus needed to understand this erosive dynamic.
Are Mediterranean trees well known? “Juniperus turbinata” (Cupressaceae), a common but misunderstood taxon / Les arbres de Méditerranée sont-ils bien connus ? « Juniperus turbinata » (Cupressaceae), un taxon commun mais incompris
Authors: Pavon Daniel , Vela Errol , Médail Frédéric
Published: February 2021

Among Mediterranean trees, “ Juniperus turbinata” remains a little-known taxon. Described in 1844 (J. turbinata Guss.) it was ignored in many floras and checklists until very recently despite the fact that since the 1980s morphology and phytochemistry studies have confirmed its taxonomic individuality. The conclusions of recent molecular studies also point in this direction. The present work specifies its chorology by country or geographical sectors, allowing an updated world distribution map. Another map illustrates the distribution of the other two taxa in this group (“ J. phoenicea” and “ J. canariensis”). Aspects concerning karyology, reproductive biology and biological interactions are discussed, as well as its ecology : we thus present a summary table of the main phytosociological groups up to the level of alliance in which this taxon is characteristic or in which it just fits. Another focus concerns threats and conservation. Finally, a discussion on the complex taxonomy of red junipers (J. phoenicea sensu lato) allows us to justify our taxonomic treatment for the taxa of this group. Three subspecies (subsp.) are recognized here, a new nomenclatural combination is proposed and an identification key of infraspecific taxa is provided. Thus, Juniperus phoenicea L. subsp. turbinata (Guss.) Nyman should be considered as a remarkable circum-Mediterranean taxon often endangered or declining in its range which stretches along the Mediterranean coast from southern Portugal and Morocco to the eastern Mediterranean (large islands included), including the high continental mountains of North Africa, then ending to Middle-East in Saudi Arabia. Various pictures illustrate this juniper in different landscapes, ecological and geographical situations.
ANALYSIS OF THE CALCULATING ERRORS DUE TO ELASTIC MOVEMENTS OF TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEM ELEMENTS DURING TURNING
Authors: Zhdanov A. A. , Plotnikov A. L. , Tikhonova Zh. S. , Arzhukhanov R. I.
Published: February 2021

The issues of reliability of the results of calculating the error of turning parts of the "shaft" type due to the elastic displacements of the technological system elements according to traditional reference models are considered.
DETERMINING THE CHARACTER OF DISTRIBUTION THE CONTACTING VERTICES OF GRAINS AT THE SURFACE ON THE GRINDING WHEEL, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE MULTI-PASSAGE OF PROCESS
Authors: Nosenko V. A. , Danilenko M. V. , Vasilyev V. V.
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to the method of determining the nature of distribution the contacting vertices of grains on the working surface of grinding wheel, depending on the grinding time. The number of contacting grains is determined by the probability of contact. A distinctive feature is the use of a mathematical model that takes into account the change in the distribution of grain vertices as a result of wear of the abrasive tool during the grinding period. Considered the probabilities in three types of wear: abrasion and spallation of the grain's vertices, pull-out grain from the bundles of the wheel. Changing the position of the grain’s vertices under the action of a particular type of wear is determined using random Markov’s processes. The method takes into account the influence of the following factors: characteristics of the abrasive tool, the grinding mode, the material to be processed, the initial distribution of grains on the abrasive tool working surface and the strength of their retention. The results of the study may be used to solve problems related to determining the intensity of heat generation in the contact zone of the grinding wheel and the billet, calculation of cutting power, tool wear and other issues related to the study of the grinding process.
Examination and management of patient with accelerated idioventricular rhythm
Authors: Medvedev M. M. , Mamchur S. E. , Veleslavova O. E.
Published: February 2021

The results of examination and treatment of a patient with a combination of accelerated idioventricular rhythm and atrial conduction disorder, which made it difficult to interpret the Holter monitoring data, are presented.
Coefficient Estimates for Some Subclasses of m–Fold Symmetric Bi-Univalent Functions
Authors: Hussein Dhirgam Allawy , Wanas Abbas Kareem , Mahmood Sahar Jaafar
Published: February 2021

The articles introduces and investigates two new subclasses of the bi-univalent functions These are analytical functions related to the m-fold symmetric function We calculate the initial coefficients for all the functions that belong to them, as well as the coefficients for the functions that belong to a field where finding these coefficients requires a complicated method. Between the remaining results, the upper bounds for the initial coefficients are found in our study as well as several examples. We also provide a general formula for the function and its inverse in the m-field. A function is called analytical if it does not take the same values twice It is called a univalent function if it is analytical at all its points, and the function is called a bi-univalent if it and its inverse are univalent functions together. We also discuss other concepts and important terms.
An Efficient Model for Financial Risks Assessment Based on Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Al_Duhaidahawi Hayder M. Kareem , Abdulreza Jing Z S. , Sebai Meriem , Harjan Sinan Abdullah
Published: February 2021

According to the developments in financial liberalization and banking innovation, the bank risks have been changed in their nature which leads to use new financial instruments. Thus banks increasingly adopt risk assessment to avoid it. Therefore, this article describes a new model to assist financial risk management based on artificial intelligence. This entails using artificial neural networks to forecast financial risks and support the decision-makers and the consumers in making better risk management decisions. A real-world case study based on the Iraqi banking sector is presented to guarantee the applicability, accuracy, and efficiency of our proposed model. The sample was selected from a data of 16 banks for the period (2004-2018), taken from Iraq Securities Commission, regular market (https://www.isc.gov.iq/). The data were examined with an initial analysis and then converted to the formula compatible with neural networks. The authors describe the results obtained and compare them with previous studies. It confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed model for risk assessment by the results obtained from the approved form on artificial intelligence.
Relationship of Coastline and Mangrove Area in West Rangsang - Indonesia
Authors: Mubarak  , Nurhuda Ahmad , Badrun Yeeri , Syahputra Romi Fadli
Published: February 2021

The coastal zone of West Rangsang is part of the Kepulauan Meranti regency, which directly faces Malacca Strait, which is one of the most crowded channels in the world. However, its shoreline is an open coast, which mostly undergoes local erosion as the defensive areas, encompassing coral rock and mangrove forest, are fragmented by nature and human exploitation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between the damaged coastline and the mangrove area changes in West Rangsang for the past 20 years. We propose a remote sensing method by satellite imagery to evaluate the coastline changes and the mangrove. Each year, the coastline positions were obtained using data processing involving geometric calibration, image cutting, and extraction. The changes were analyzed by inter-crossing the images of 1997 and 2017, further divided for four periods, i.e., 1997–2002, 2002–2007, 2007–2012, and 2012–2017. The results showed that varying erosion and accretion rates were due to shoreline exposure, strongly associated with the mangrove forests' devastation. However, this caused the physical function loss as an anchor against the coast's wear-out and as a breaker of waves and current approaching the island from the ocean. The stakeholder may use these research results to appropriate measures, such as replanting and creating mangrove-care societies, to conserve and maintain the coast.
Relatywistyczne i absolutystyczne pojęcie prawdy w Prolegomenach do czystej logiki Edmunda Husserla
Authors: Łukasiewicz Dariusz
Published: February 2021

Husserlowska krytyka relatywizmu dokonuje się w jego polemice z psychologizmem w logice i matematyce. Husserl pokazał, ze psychologizm jest  odmianą relatywizmu. Wszystkie argumenty przeciwko relatywizmowi muszą zatem w równym stopniu dotyczyć psychologizmu. Jeśli więc obalony zostaje relatywizm, to równiez i psychologizm nie moze się oprzec refutacji, sądzi Husserl. Oczywiście nie jest to jedyna droga, na której Husserl stara się rozprawić z psychologizmem, ale ponieważ bezpośrednio nawiązuje do zagadnienia absolutyzmu i relatywizmu, chcielibyśmy zaprezentować tę własnie drogę walki z  psychologizmem.
Retoryka a filozofia w nauczaniu jezuickim. Assertiones rhetoricae, Poznań 1577
Authors: Lichański Jakub Z.
Published: February 2021

Motto dobrze określa podstawowy problem, z jakim przychodzi zetknąć się kżzdemu, kto pisze o retoryce. Jest to tkwiąca τέχνη ῥητορικὴ w dwoistosc: teoria (zasady) - praktyka (stosowanie zasad). Problem ten podnosił m.in Piaton w Gorgiaszu i Fajdrosie. Już on jednak kładł nacisk na kwestie zastosowania retoryki, czyli wykorzystania pewnego typu wiedzy. Natomiast problem miejsca retoryki w systemie wiedzy traktował Platon jako oczywisty i mniej istotny. Podobnie postapil Arystoteles. W ten sposób otwarty został niezwykle złożony problem: oto to samo pojęcie określało - wiedzę teoretyczną oraz praktykę. Powodowalo to, jak wiadomo, wiele nieporozumień dotyczących retoryki. Pojawily się one także i w dobie humanizmu oraz renesansu. Analizowany dalej tekst doskonale ową dwoistość retoryki obrazuje, a także - w wielkim skrócie - dotyka podstawowych nieporozumień tyczących τέχνη ῥητορικὴ.
The Body-Mind Dichotomy a Problem or Artifact
Authors: Lenartowicz Piotr
Published: February 2021

The principles of the physical patterns of self-organization are numerous, different upon various levels of the scale of complexity (subatomic, molecular, geological, astrophysical). The integrated pattern of the changes going on in a living body indicates an integrated nature of its principle - whatever it might happen to be. Aristotle called this kind of principle „psycho", H . Driesch called it „entelecheia", sociobiolo- gists believe that D N A is the right name for it. The fundamental problem consists in seeing - not just deciding a priori - if the empirical data do require - in a living organism - a single, integrating agency. If such a requirement originates in an illusion, the whole problem is fictitious. If this requirement is well founded, then we must to search for such an agent.
Fabrication of GaN cantilever on GaN substrate by photo-electrochemical etching
Authors: Yamada Takehiro , Ando Yuto , Watanabe Hirotaka , Furusawa Yuta , Tanaka Atsushi , Deki Manato , Nitta Shugo , Honda Yoshio , Suda Jun , Amano Hiroshi
Published: February 2021

Photo-electrochemical (PEC) etching is a promising technique for fabricating GaN microelectromechanical systems devices. In this study, we demonstrate the fabrication of GaN cantilevers by the bandgap-selective PEC etching of an InGaN superlattice sacrificial layer. By using an InGaN superlattice as a sacrifice layer, we found the PEC etching rate became higher than using a normal InGaN layer. As a result, the InGaN superlattice was completely etched and we fabricated GaN-based cantilevers whose resonance characteristics were measured. The Young’s modulus of GaN was determined from the resonance characteristics of GaN cantilevers to be the same as the highest value reported previously.
ANALISIS KEPUASAN PEGAWAI DINAS PERTANIAN KABUPATEN PANGANDARAN YANG DIPENGARUHI OLEH PROGRAM KESEJAHTERAAN
Authors: Rahwana Kusuma Agdhi , Sutrisna Arga
Published: February 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh program kesejahteraan terhadap kepuasan pegawai pada Dinas Pertanian Kabupaten Pangandaran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Metode Deskriptif analisis dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui wawancara, kuesioner dan studi pustaka. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pegawai negeri sipil pada Dinas Pertanian Kabupaten Pangandaran.Metode Analisis data yang digunakan adalah Regresi Sederhana, dimana data yang diolah dengan bantuan SPSS.Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya pengaruh antara program kesejahteraan terhadap kepuasan pegawai Dinas Pertanian Kabupaten Pangandaran.
Eksistensi Usaha Mikro Kecil (UMK) Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan di Kabupaten Sambas
Authors: Harmoko Harmoko , Darmansyah Erik
Published: February 2021

Usaha pengolahan hasil perikanan di wilayah Kabupaten Sambas memiliki ragam hasil produksi. Hasil produksi yang beragam tersebut menunjukkan eksistensi atau keberadaan usaha kecil menengah pengolahan hasil perikanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui eksistensi atau keberadaan usaha pengolahan hasil perikanan, peran kelembagaan keuangan dan permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh pelaku usaha. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif analitis. Jumlah responden 62 orang yang diambil secara random dengan pemilihan lokasi penelitian secara purposive. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan eksistensi usaha pengolahan hasil perikanan sangat dinamis dengan indikator jenis usaha, bahan baku, tenaga kerja, teknologi dan pendapatan. Peran kelembagaan keuangan dirasakan belum memiliki kekuatan dalam mendorong perkembangan usaha. Permasalahan dalam pengolahan hasil perikanan yang paling utama adalah ketersediaan bahan baku. Kata kunci : eksistensi, pengolahan hasil perikanan, usaha kecil dan menengah
Tinjauan Mengenai Potensi Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) pada Model Layanan Teknologi Informasi di Usaha Kecil Mikro dan Menengah (UMKM)
Authors: Hadiana Asep Id , Putra Eddie Krishna , Melina Melina
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini melakukan tinjauan pustaka mengenai masalah yang dihadapi Usaha Kecil Mikro dan Menengah (UMKM) ketika mencoba memastikan keselarasannya dengan pedoman Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL). Telah diketahui bahwa UMKM mengalami tantangan yang berbeda dengan yang dialami oleh perusahaan besar, namun tuntutan mereka sama dengan perusahaan besar. Mengingat bahwa mereka memiliki lebih sedikit tenaga kerja dan sumber daya teknologi, mereka harus mengoptimalkan tingkat layanan mereka dan menyesuaikan aktivitas departemen TI mereka dengan kebutuhan perusahaan tanpa berdampak negatif pada komitmen layanan. Dari berbagai literature yang ada, terlihat bahwa ITIL tidak hanya dapat digunakan pada perusahaan besar, namun memiliki potensi untuk berkembang dan diadopsi untuk UMKM. Meskipun pada awalnya diharapkan ada cukup informasi berkenaan dengan bagaimana ITIL berfungsi untuk UMKM, pada kenyataannya adalah tidak banyak publikasi yang relevan yang berhubungan dengan bagaimana ITIL dapat dimanfaatkan pada UMKM. ITIL adalah salah satu kerangka Tata Kelola TI yang menyediakan pendekatan sistematis untuk tata kelola TI. Mengacu pada penelitian ini, penelitian ini didasarkan pada data sekunder. Studi ini difokuskan untuk memahami kerangka kerja ITIL dalam kaitannya dengan tata Kelola TI pada UMKM.
Sistem Pendukung Keputusan Penentuan Bonus Karyawan dengan Metode Fuzzy-SAW Berbasis Web (Studi Kasus PT. Bunga Raya)
Authors: Sahdan Muhammad , Innuddin Muhammad , Abdillah Mokhammad Nurkholis
Published: February 2021

Penentukan bonus karyawan pada PT Bunga Raya berdasarkan atas dasar absensi,gaji,kerjasama,kedisiplinandanjumlahlembur.Masalahyangdihadapi adalah kurangnya transparansi dalam penentuan bonus karyawan, sehingga berdampak pada hubungan keharmonisan karyawan dalam bekerja, sehingga diperlukan sebuah sistem yang baru yang dapat mendukung dan mempermudah dalam proses perangkingan untuk meningkatkan kualitas keputusan dalam menentukan bonuskaryawan.Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut diperlukan sebuah sistem yang mampu membantu bagian administrasi dalam mempercepat dan mempermudah proses perangkingan bonus karyawan. Sistem yang dimaksud adalah sistem pendukung keputusan (SPK). SPK adalah Sistem yang mampu memberikan rekomendasi dalam memutuskan suatu kasus tertentu. SPK yang dikembangkan menggunakan metode fuzzy dan simple additive weighting (SAW) atau dikenal dengan fuzzy SAW. Fuzzy digunakan untuk proses pembobotan nilai dari tiap kriteria dan SAW di gunakan untuk mencari nilai alternatif terbaik dalam berbabgai alternatif berdasarkan kriteria yang ditentukan.Padapeneltian(Salehetal.,2014)studikasusmengambiltempatdiCV.Asia Exotica Medan . Penentuan kulit ular untuk kerajinan tangan masih dilakukan secara manual dan susahnya untuk menentukan kualitas kulit ular yang digunakan untuk kerajinan tangan sama menggunakan metode Fuzzy SAW. namun acuan kriteria yang digunakan adalah 3 kriteria dalam penentuan kualitas kulitular.Hasil pengujian fungsional yang dilakukan pada beberapa browser (Chrome, Firefox, dan Internet Explorer) menunjukan bahwa semua fungsi yang terdapat dalam aplikasi dapat berjalan dengan baik. Hasil pengujian validasi dilakukan dengan membandingkan output sistem dengan perhitungan manual dan hasilnya memiliki tingkat validasi sebesar 100%. Hasil pengujian sistem secara user dilakukan dengan membagi kuisioner kepada 7 admin dan menunjukan bahwa sistem yang dikembangkan memiliki tingkat kepuasan sebesar 77%.
ANALISIS PELUANG DAN TANTANGAN INDUSTRI HALAL PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID 19 DI INDONESIA
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun
Published: February 2021

The Covid-19 pandemic destroyed the economic sector including the halal industry. This study focuses on analyzing the opportunities and challenges for the development of the halal industry in Indonesia. This research is descriptive research. Based on the results of the study, it was found that opportunities for the development of the sharia industry in Indonesia include the growing Muslim population, the opening of the e-commerce market for halal products, increased interest in purchasing halal products, the development of types of halal products is needed in order to balance market demand. Meanwhile, the challenges faced by the halal industry include the number of halal certificates that have not been maximal, the proliferation of imported products, economic uncertainty, and raw materials are still imported