bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Skin test results with common and melanoma antigens compared to clinical outcomes of melanoma patients treated with intralesional (IL) dinitrochorobenzene (DNCB) or IL bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG).
Authors: Cohen Max H. , Herberman: Deceased Ronald B.
Published: November 2019

59

Background: In a previous study involving in vitro serial testing in patients receiving IL BCG or IL DNCB we determined that measurements of serial in vitro phytohemagglutinin stimulation levels correlated with the patients’ clinical courses. The current evaluation attempted to determine which in vivo skin test studies were useful in this setting. Methods: All patients had locally progressive melanoma satellosis, or in-transit metastases, but no evidence of distant metastasis past regional lymph nodes. Patients had been randomized to repeatedly receive either IL BCG (9 patients), or IL DNCB (9 patients) into cutaneous or subcutaneous metastases. A "BCG worse outcome group" consisted of 6 patients in whom distant metastasis was detected within 2 to 20 months, and who died within 9 to 24 months. A "BCG better outcome group" consisted of 3 patients who were alive and in whom no distant metastases were detected after 12 to 39 months. Similarly, the 9 patients randomized to be treated with intralesional DNCB were also subsequently divided into two groups: A "DNCB worse outcome group" consisted of 6 patients in whom distant metastasis was detected within 5 to 11 months, and who died within 6 to 12 months. A "DNCB better outcome group" consisted of 3 patients who were alive and in whom no distant metastases were detected after 8 to 20 months. Following informed consent, patients were serially skin tested, as possible, with Purified Protein Derivative antigen (PPD), Mumps antigen, Streptokinase/Streptodornase (SKSD), and inactivated melanoma extracts, using coded syringes. Results: In comparing the two "better outcome" groups with the two "worse outcome" groups, patients who prior to treatment had a positive reaction to melanoma extracts appeared to fare better than those who did not. All patient groups tended to react positively to SKSD, a general sign of immune capability. Conclusions: Among the skin tests compared, testing with melanoma extract appeared to correlate best with clinical courses in patients undergoing BCG or DNCB intralesional treatments for progressive melanoma satellosis or in-transit metastases.
Concordance of tumor and immune cell staining with Ventana SP142, Ventana SP263, Dako 28-8 and Dako 22C3 PD-L1 tests in NSCLC patient samples.
Authors: Scott Marietta , Ratcliffe Marianne J , Sharpe Alan , Barker Craig , Scorer Paul , Rebelatto Marlon , Al-Masri Hytham , Walker Jill
Published: November 2019

7

Background: PD-1/PD-L1 directed antibodies are emerging as effective therapeutics in multiple oncology settings. Multiple diagnostic PD-L1 tests are being used to understand how PD-L1 expression predicts response to these therapies. It is vital to compare these assays to understand the risk if assays are used interchangeably. Tumor cell (TC) PD-L1 expression by the Ventana SP263 and the Dako 28-8 and 22C3 assays has proven concordant at multiple clinically relevant cut offs.(Ratcliffe et al AACR 2016 [LB-094]); (Ratcliffe et al ESMO 2016 [955PD]). The current study builds on the previous study by inclusion of immune cell (IC) scoring and the Ventana SP142 assay. Methods: 493 tumor biopsy samples from NSCLC patients stained with the Ventana SP263 and Dako 22C3 and 28-8 were scored for IC PD-L1 expression, calculated as % of infiltrating IC expressing PD-L1 at any intensity. A subset of 200 tumor blocks from this cohort were sectioned and stained with SP142 and serial sections restained with SP263 to ensure an appropriate comparison. Concordance between IC and TC between these 2 assays is reported. Results: There was strong agreement in IC scoring with the Ventana SP263 and Dako 22C3 and 28-8 assays. The SP142 assay showed lower concordance for IC and reduced TC PD-L1 staining/concordance vs SP263 (Table). Conclusions: This study shows analytical similarity between the Ventana SP263, Dako 28-8 or 22C3 assays when measuring TC or IC PD-L1 expression, and high concordance between patient classification at matching TC or IC cut offs. This strengthens the evidence that these 3 assays could be used interchangeably. The Ventana SP142 assay shows clear analytical differences for both IC and TC staining, suggesting it is not appropriate to interchange with the other assays. [Table: see text]
Analysis of hybridoma and CHO-derived pritumumab for therapeutic applications.
Authors: Babic Ivan , Mukthavaram Rajesh , Jiang Pengfei , Nomura Natsuko , Glassy Eric , Glassy Mark Charles , Kesari Santosh
Published: November 2019

71

Background: Pritumumab, a natural huma IgG1 kappa antibody was obtained from a regional draining lymph node of a patient with cervical carcinoma through traditional hybridoma technology. Methods: Both cell lines and tissues were processed and analyzed for FACS analysis, Western blots, and immunohistochemistry. Results: Specificity analysis of the target antigen, an altered form of vimentin (ecto-domain vimentin (EDV)) shows it to be limited to cell surface expression on cancer cells. Clinically, 249 Japanese brain cancer patients were treated with a low dose pritumumab regimen, either at 1mg once a week or 1mg twice a week, and overall response rates of between 25-30% were seen with several complete and partial responses. A recombinant version of the mAb was made using the GPEx system in CHO cells. In a series of comparable studies the CHO mAb was compared with the original hybridoma. Binding specificity with both flow cytometry and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis, Western blot analysis, and Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity confirms the comparability of the two versions. IHC analysis suggests restricted binding to tumor cells and not normal cells and tissues. Further studies include establishing a xenograft model with both SCID and athymic nude mice in which pritumumab was effective in preventing tumor growth in nude mice but not in SCID mice. Analysis of a blood brain barrier model suggests pritumumab shows minimal distribution in normal brain tissues and significant binding in tumor areas of brain tissues indicating the mAb crosses the tumor brain barrier. Conclusions: Overall, these data together suggest pritumumab is suitable for development as an anti-tumor therapeutic.
Avelumab in chemotherapy-refractory metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma: Subgroup analysis of efficacy.
Authors: Kaufman Howard L. , Russell Jeffrey , Hamid Omid , Bhatia Shailender , Terheyden Patrick , D'Angelo Sandra P. , Shih Kent C. , Lebbe Celeste , Linette Gerald P , Milella Michele , Brownell Isaac , Lewis Karl D. , Lorch Jochen H. , von Heydebreck Anja , Mahnke Lisa , Nghiem Paul
Published: November 2019

80

Background: Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare, aggressive skin cancer. In a phase 2 trial in previously treated metastatic MCC (mMCC; JAVELIN Merkel 200, NCT02155647), avelumab, a fully human IgG1 anti–PD-L1 antibody, showed durable responses and a manageable safety profile, including confirmed objective response rate (ORR) of 31.8% (95.9% CI 21.9-43.1), 6-mo duration of response (DOR) rate estimate of 92%, and 6-mo progression-free survival (PFS) rate of 40% (95% CI 29-50). We report post-hoc subgroup analyses from this trial. Methods: Pts with mMCC and prior disease progression on chemotherapy received avelumab 10 mg/kg (1h IV) Q2W. Tumors were assessed every 6 wks (RECIST v1.1) by independent review. Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate 6-mo DOR and PFS rate. Results: 88 pts were treated with avelumab and followed for ≥ 6 mos (data cutoff Mar 3, 2016). Responses occurred in all subgroups analyzed (Table). Trends of higher ORR and 6-mo PFS rates were seen in pts with fewer prior lines, lower disease burden (sum of target lesion diameters), or PD-L1+ tumors. 6-mo response durability was similar across evaluable subgroups. Conclusions: In post-hoc analyses, avelumab showed durable efficacy across subgroups. This trial is enrolling treatment-naive pts with mMCC to receive 1L avelumab. Clinical trial information: NCT02155647. [Table: see text]
Single-center experience of PD1 inhibition in metastatic uveal melanoma.
Authors: Xu Tan , Song Jung Min , McNamara Michael J. , Gastman Brian , Singh Arun D , Funchain Pauline
Published: November 2019

87

Background: Metastatic uveal melanoma (MUM) is a rare histology with poor prognosis. Therapies used in cutaneous melanoma with success have limited to no efficacy in uveal melanoma. Limited data exists regarding the efficacy of PD-1 inhibition in this disease. Methods: Patients carrying a diagnosis of MUM that had been treated with any PD1 inhibitor at the Cleveland Clinic were analyzed. Median overall survival from the diagnosis of metastatic disease and from the start of PD-1 inhibition were calculated. RECIST 1.1 criteria were used to assess response to therapy. Results: 10 patients with MUM have been treated with a PD1 inhibitor. Mean age at initiation of PD1 inhibition was 74. Five (50%) were female. Median time from initial diagnosis to metastatic disease was 67 months (range, 5-204). All 6 patients with a genetic profiling result available were classified as poor risk either by cytogenetics or gene expression profiling. Median overall survival from diagnosis of metastatic disease was 24 months (range, 9-46). Six patients had also been treated with ipilimumab, 4 had prior treatment, 1 had PD-1 prior to ipilimumab, and one had concurrent treatment with combination ipilimumab/nivolumab. Adjunct local radiation occurred in 6 patients: 5 of the liver (4 embolization, 1 SBRT), one of osseous metastases. Median time on PD1 treatment was 2 months (range, 1-6). Two patients had SD, 6 PD, 3 have not yet been reevaluated. Median survival from initiation of PD1 inhibition was 9 months (range, 7-12). Adverse events were as expected from published experiences with PD-1 inhibition. All patients with median survival from initial diagnosis of metastatic disease over one year received both PD-1 and CTLA-4 inhibition as well as radiation. Conclusions: In this single center experience, no patients had tumor response to PD-1 inhibition. Combination therapies may be worth exploring in the treatment of MUM.
Tremelimumab: A monoclonal antibody against CTLA-4—In combination with radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in patients with biliary tract carcinoma (BTC).
Authors: Duffy Austin G. , Pratt Drew , Kleiner David E , Mabry Donna , Fioravanti Suzanne , Walker Melissa , Figg William Douglas , Steinberg Seth M. , Anderson Victoria , Levy Elliot , Krishnasamy Venkatesh , Wood Bradford J. , Greten Tim F.
Published: November 2019

88

Background: Tremelimumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that binds to CTLA-4 expressed on the surface of activated T lymphocytes and results in inhibition of B7-CTLA-4-mediated downregulation of T-cell activation. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been shown to induce a peripheral immune response which may enhance the effect of anti-CTLA4 treatment. Methods: Patients with refractory BTC were enrolled in a study of monthly Tremelimumab (10mg/kg, 6 doses) combined with RFA (to one lesion) performed on week 6. Tumor biopsies were performed at time of RFA with regular PBMC collection for intensive immunemontoring. Results: 17 pts enrolled. Characteristics: M:F 8:9; Median age 57(range 36-67); BTC subtype - intrahepatic/exrahepatic: 12/5. 13/17 had metastatic disease. All pts were chemorefractory with 12/17 having received at least 2 regimens. While on study, 6 pts had early PD within 6 weeks; 11 were able to undergo RFA. No DLT encountered. Most common toxicity was pruritus. There were no objective responses. Of evaluable pts N = 6 (55%) had stable disease as a best response. Conclusions: Tremelimumab in combination with subtotal RFA in patients with advanced BTC is safe and feasible. No objective responses have so far been seen in this predominantly primary intrahepatic BTC population. Full efficacy and immune monitoring data will be presented. Clinical trial information: NCT01853618.
Single-center experience with nivolumab in pretreated patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Authors: Rapoport Bernardo Leon , Smit Teresa , van Eeden Ronwyn
Published: November 2019

90

Background: Nivolumab, a fully human IgG4 programmed death 1 (PD-1) immune-checkpoint-inhibitor antibody, disrupts PD-1-mediated signaling and may restore antitumor immunity in NSCLC patients. Methods: A retrospective review of data from 20 patient records were used to describe the response of patients with NSCLC receiving treatment with Nivolumab after failing chemotherapy. Two patients were too early to evaluate. Results: A total of 18 patients (pts) (10 males and 8 females) were included in the analysis. The median age was 66 years (range 46-85). Adenocarcinoma was documented in 15 pts and squamous cell carcinoma in 3 pts. A Ros-1 positive mutation was documented in 1 pt, 3 EGFR positive mutations were recorded and no pts tested positive for ALK. All pts failed frontline treatment: 14 pts failed platinum based chemotherapy and 4 pts failed TKI-inhibitors (3 on erlotinib and 1 on crizotinib). Pts received a median of 4 cycles of nivolumab (range 1-16). The performance status ranged from 0 to 2 (median 1). The median number of metastatic sites was 3 (range 1-5). Four partial responses were documented (23.5% 95% CI 3-43%), with response durations of 232, 113, 63 and 30 days. Disease stabilization was documented in 7 pts. There were no complete responses so far, and 6 pts showed progressive disease. Two pts were too early to evaluate and one pt was non-evaluable (died due to progresive diease before treatment initiation). No responses were seen amongst the pts who received prior TKI treatment. Documented toxicities included pulmonitis in 2 pts, chest infections in 4 pts (one pt with documented tuberculosis), fatigue in 4 pts and skin rash, diarrhoea and headaches in 1 pt, respectively. The median survival was 124 days (13-289). Conclusions: In this retrospective study nivolumab was an active and well tolerated treatment in pts with pretreated NSCLC.
Combining PD-1 blockade with T-cell redirecting bispecific antibodies for solid cancer therapy.
Authors: Chang Chien-Hsing , Wang Yang , Rossi Diane L , Li Rongxiu , Rossi Edmund A. , Cardillo Thomas M. , Goldenberg David M.
Published: November 2019

98

Background: Bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) for redirecting T cells to cancers have shown promise in both preclinical and clinical studies. However, clinical results have been disappointing in solid cancers. We have applied the DOCK-AND-LOCK method to generate a novel class of trivalent bsAbs, each comprising an anti-CD3 scFv covalently conjugated to a stabilized dimer of different anti-tumor Fabs. Herein we report the characterization of two such constructs, (E1)-3s and (14)-3s, which activate T cells and target Trop-2- and CEACAM5-expressing cancer cells, respectively. Methods: Human breast and colonic cancer cell lines were grown in monolayer cultures or as 3D spheroids for in vitro evaluation. NOD/SCID mice carrying xenografts of MDA-MB-231 (a TNBC line constitutively expressing Trop-2 and PD-L1) were used for in vivo studies. A human PD-1 antagonistic murine hybridoma antibody was subsequently converted to its chimeric form (IMMU-cPD-1). Human PBMCs, or T cells isolated from buffy coats by negative selection, were used as effector cells in cytotoxicity assays. The effect of IMMU-cPD-1 on cancer cells pretreated with IFN-γ to induce the expression of PD-L1 was compared with those not pretreated. Results: (E1)-3s and (14)-3s, in the presence of human T cells, killed target cells grown as monolayers at low picomolar concentrations, with similar potency observed for drug-resistant cells. The antitumor efficacy was demonstrated for (E1)-3s plus human PBMCs in NOD/SCID mice bearing MDA-MB-231, and for human PBMCs combined with (E1)-3s or (14)-3s in 3D spheroids generated from target cell lines to mimic the in vivo behavior and microenvironment of these tumors. Moreover, with the addition of IMMU-cPD-1, the benefit of PD-1 blockade was indicated by increased cell death in 3D spheroids and longer survival of MDA-MB-231-bearing mice. Conclusions: These results highlight the potency of (E1)-3s and (14)-3s as T-cell redirecting bsAbs, emphasize the potential of combining such bsAbs with immune checkpoint inhibitors to improve the therapeutic activity in the immunotherapy of solid cancers, and provide a basis for using 3D spheroids as an alternative to in vivo models for evaluating T-cell functions.
Rapid Induction of Buprenorphine/Naloxone for Chronic Pain Using a Microdosing Regimen: A Case Report
Authors: Lee Danny S. , Hann Jessica E. , Klaire Sukhpreet S. , Nikoo Mohammadali , Negraeff Michael D. , Rezazadeh-Azar Pouya
Published: November 2019

Buprenorphine is an effective treatment for chronic pain and may reduce opioid-induced hyperalgesia. However, its pharmacological properties make its induction challenging, time-consuming, and can precipitate opioid withdrawal. We present the case of a 66-year-old woman with inadequately controlled postoperative pain despite escalating doses of oxycodone and methadone, who was successfully transitioned to buprenorphine/naloxone using a rapid microinduction technique without precipitating opioid withdrawal. Rapid induction provides an alternative method for transitioning patients from other opioids to buprenorphine/naloxone and facilitates transition of patients with chronic pain to buprenorphine therapy within a shorter window compared to currently existing protocols.
Imagining Otherly
Authors: Ridley LaVelle
Published: November 2019

In this article the author focuses on Mya Taylor's singing performance as Alexandra in the 2015 comedy-drama film Tangerine as a performative index of black trans women's futures. Contextualizing her performance within the larger, dangerous world for most black trans sex workers that the film portrays largely without critique, the author argues that this scene offers Alexandra, and black trans viewers of the film, a brief reprieve from the anxieties of social and state oppression and allows her (and us) to breathe, and within that breath to imagine toward radical futures that resist the binary of resistance and compliance, to imagine otherly. The author draws on black trans studies, black feminist theory, and black cultural and media studies to articulate how this film as a unique and crucial moment of black trans cultural production also offers us a key moment in theorizing black trans epistemology.
From Duration to Self-Identification?
Authors: Draz Marie
Published: November 2019

This article examines the temporal politics of the 2017 California Gender Recognition Act (CGRA). The author first offers a brief history of the dominant temporal requirements for “gender recognition” in prior legislation around sex/gender markers on identity documents in the United States and United Kingdom, focusing on how this legislation places temporal boundaries around legitimate gender identity. Then, turning directly to the CGRA, the author asks to what extent the act's emphasis on self-identification revises or intervenes in these prior conceptualizations of time and identity by the state administration of sex/gender systems. The article closes with an exploration of the temporality of identity documentation itself, speculating about how this legislation might be placed more directly into conversation with the role of time in colonial and racial state building.
The role of noncoding mutations in blood cancers
Authors: Rahman Sunniyat , Mansour Marc R.
Published: November 2019

The search for oncogenic mutations in haematological malignancies has largely focused on coding sequence variants. These variants have been critical in understanding these complex cancers in greater detail, ultimately leading to better disease monitoring, subtyping and prognostication. In contrast, the search for oncogenic variants in the noncoding genome has proven to be challenging given the vastness of the search space, the intrinsic difficulty in assessing the impact of variants that do not code for functional proteins, and our still primitive understanding of the function harboured by large parts of the noncoding genome. Recent studies have broken ground on this quest, identifying somatically acquired and recurrent mutations in the noncoding genome that activate the expression of proto-oncogenes. In this Review, we explore some of the best-characterised examples of noncoding mutations in haematological malignancies, and highlight how a significant majority of these variants impinge on gene regulation through the formation of aberrant enhancers and promoters. We delve into the challenges faced by those that embark on a search for noncoding driver mutations, and provide a framework distilled from studies that have successfully identified such variants to overcome some of the most salient hurdles. Finally, we discuss the current therapeutic strategies being explored to target the oncogenic mechanism supported by recurrent noncoding variants. We postulate that the continued discovery and functional characterisation of somatic variants in the noncoding genome will not only advance our understanding of haematological malignancies, but offer novel therapeutic avenues and provide important insights into transcriptional regulation on a broader scale.
Patient care problems after a heart attack - clinical case study
Authors: Sikora Kamil , Wawryniuk Agnieszka , Łuczyk Robert Jan , Zwolak Agnieszka , Łuczyk Marta , Nowicka Elżbieta
Published: November 2019

Introduction. Half of deaths in Poland are caused by cardiovascular diseases. Such a high percentage causes them to rank first among the causes of death. According to the Polish Cardiac Society, acute coronary syndromes are the reason for hospitalization of 140,000 people annually, including myocardial infarction of 90,000 people each year [4]. In addition to sudden cardiac deaths, cardiovascular disease is also a major cause of hospitalization, as well as permanent or temporary disability, both physical and mental. This condition has consequences in the form of, among others, inability to work, which leads to the gradual development of social disability [7]. The multitude and variety of problems faced by patients determines the need to recognize and eliminate them.The aim of the study is to present the required scope of patient care after myocardial infarction, based on individual case study.A case report. A 82-year-old patient admitted to hospital after losing consciousness while working in the garden. The ECG showed myocardial ischaemia without visible ST segment elevation. Coronary angiography in the hemodynamic laboratory revealed stenosis of the left coronary artery, which was cleared by the introduction of a vascular stent. An individual care plan has been developed for the patient in accordance with the problems encountered.Conclusions. Patients after myocardial infarction have numerous nursing problems, which require professional actions performed by a nurse, which results in minimizing the problems and their consequences. Thanks to these activities, the patient and his immediate surroundings are prepared to continue providing care in the home environment.
Earmarking Donations to Charity: Cross-cultural Evidence on Its Appeal to Donors Across 25 Countries
Authors: Fuchs Christoph , de Jong Martijn G. , Schreier Martin
Published: November 2019

Charity organizations differ in their practice of offering donors the option to earmark their contribution: allowing donors to select the project in which their money should be invested. This paper presents two studies that provide the first empirical evidence on the appeal of such earmarking. The empirical basis of Study 1 is a unique data set consisting of 7,383 potential donors from 25 countries who participated in a randomized survey experiment. First, we find that the willingness to donate is significantly higher when earmarking is allowed. Second, we find that the effect of earmarking substantially differs in magnitude across countries. Third, we identify two cross-cultural interactions. Specifically, earmarking is less effective in countries that score lower on autonomy relative to embeddedness and in those scoring lower on egalitarianism relative to hierarchy. Fourth, we find that the earmarking effect is driven mainly by the activation of more donors and not by increases in the amounts that donors contribute. Study 2 is a follow-up experiment that replicates the basic earmarking effect, addresses limitations of our cross-cultural study, and sheds some preliminary light on the effect’s underlying process. We find that earmarking options increase potential donors’ perceptions of being able to make specific impact and also that this sense of agency helps us to understand an individual’s increased willingness to donate.

This paper was accepted by Eric Anderson, marketing.
Mindful Leadership: The Ability of the Leader to Develop Compassion and Attention without Judgment - A Case Study of the Leader of Buddhist Higher Education Institute
Authors: Burmansah Burmansah , Rugaiyah Rugaiyah , Mukhtar Mukhneri , Nabilah Siti , Ripki Ahmad Jauhari Hamid , Fatayan Arum
Published: November 2019

The objective of this research is to describe the practice of mindful leadership at the IABS - Plum Village Buddhist Monastery Upper Hamlet, France, looking at the abbot's pattern and role in developing and managing the Institute of Advanced Buddhist Studies and the monastery. This research uses the approach of qualitative research with the method of a single case study. The research data collection uses the techniques of observation, interview, and documentation study. The research procedure used in this research consists of several research steps utilizing the case study method of Robert K. Yin: research planning, research design, research preparation, research data collection, research data analysis, and doing the research report. The research analysis is done by pattern matching. The data validity testing through data source triangulation and technique triangulation. The result of this research shows that mindful leadership can develop the ability to develop compassion and attention without judgment. The study shows that a leader has compassion towards global issues and can accept with openness. A leader who practices mindfulness for a long time can direct towards openness of one’s self to others. The leader can lead with compassion and care and also understand hi members well. The ability to develop this compassion shows the ability to listen without judgment, not blame, and not discriminate.
“The Management of Advanced Lateral Bone Defects with the Splitted Bone Block Technique in the Maxillary and in the Mandible. A Follow-up until 8 Years”
Authors: Stefano Trasarti , Daniela Marroni
Published: November 2019

In the last years, the fixed restoration with dental implants has become increasingly widespread, due to the predictability and the development of implant therapy. This has generated in the patient an increase of expectations as for the aesthetic and function. Often the surgeon has to treat situations that requires an increase of the bone in order to place the implants in a correct prosthetic position. This study evaluated the treatment of the advanced lateral bone defects using only autogenous bone and the following period up to eight years.
Stress compensation by deposition of a nonuniform corrective coating
Authors: Oliver J. B. , Spaulding J. , Charles B.
Published: November 2019

Surface deformation by coating stress is compensated by prefiguring the
substrate with a radially nonuniform layer of dense silica. Stresses
in the compensation layer and reflector are modeled using finite
element analysis to determine the optimal thickness profile, with the
deposited coating reducing the surface deformation by 90%. This
process is intended to allow implementation of both the compensation
layer and the traditional multilayer coating in a single vacuum
cycle.
The manifest and latent functions of Twitter use by journalists: An observational study among economic journalists
Authors: Johnson Michiel , Paulussen Steve , Aelst Peter Van
Published: November 2019

This study focuses on Twitter use among economic journalists working for print media in Belgium. By looking into their tweeting and following behaviour, the article examines how economic journalists use Twitter for promotional, conversational and sourcing purposes. Based on an automated
content analysis of what they tweet and a social network analysis of whom they follow, the results show that economic journalists mainly use Twitter to promote themselves and their news organization rather than to engage in public conversation on the platform. In addition, the study looks
into their following behaviour to investigate which actors they consider as 'potential sources'. Here, the findings are consistent with previous studies among political and health journalists, indicating that journalists are more likely to follow institutionally affiliated rather than non-affiliated
sources on Twitter. Furthermore, the social network analysis gives additional evidence of the media-centered of journalists' Twitter use, as media-affiliated actors maintain a dominant position in the economic journalists' Twitter networks.
Longing and belonging through migration: Otherness and empathy in theatre and philosophy
Authors: Corrêa Graça P.
Published: November 2019

This article examines how theatre and philosophy may critically contribute to discussing empathy towards otherness in the context of the ongoing massive surge of migration across the globe. Drawing on concepts from philosophical works by Baruch Spinoza, Henri Bergson and Jacques Derrida, it investigates how different dramaturgical techniques and aesthetics – namely in Euripedes' Children of Heracles (c.430 BCE), Roland Schimmelpfennig's The Golden Dragon (2009) and Nikos Kazantzakis and Graça P. Corrêa's Christ Recrucified (1954/2018) – address ethical-affective percepts such as empathy and hospitality in a theatre dealing with migration experiences.
Comparative analysis of hatcheries contribution to poor development of day-old chicks based on biological and immunological performance
Authors: Yeboah P. P. , Konadu L. A. , Hamidu J. A. , Poku E. A. , Wakpal D. , Kudaya P. Y. , Dey A. , Siddiq S. M.
Published: November 2019

Background and Aim: The quality of day-old chicks is a cornerstone to successful poultry production. Chicks with a poor quality start slowly in the field and may have high feed intake, poor growth rate, and poor feed conversion ratio. The current study aimed to assess chick quality challenges encountered from day-old chicks hatched in most commercial hatcheries in Ghana.

Materials and Methods: A total of 300 day-old chicks each were obtained from commercial hatcheries in Ghana and Europe. The chicks were labeled as locally hatched broiler day-old chicks (LBDOC) and foreign hatched broiler day-old chicks (FBDOC), respectively. Chicks were reared and monitored from day old to 21 days post-hatch. Sample of chicks (n=25) from each hatchery was euthanized weekly at 1, 7, 14, and 21 days and blood samples collected for analysis. The parameters measured included physical, hematological, immunological, histological, and bacteriological characteristics. All data were analyzed by SAS Proc GLM at p<0.05.

Results: The live weight of chicks was higher in FBDOC compared to LBDOC on the 1st day. The chick length and shank length of FBDOC were longer than the LBDOC. The 7-day chick mortality was 6% in LBDOC as compared to 1.5% in FBDOC. The LBDOC also had a higher wet and dry residual yolk sac percentages as well as higher residual yolk sac fluid volume than the FBDOC. The rate of yolk sac disappearance of the FBDOC was higher than the LBDOC. More than half of the LBDOC had developed navel strings and leaky navel compared to FBDOC. The LBDOC recorded Escherichia coli, Proteus, Streptococcus spp., and Gram-negative bacteria in the residual yolk sac isolated through the 21 days while FBDOC recorded E. coli, Proteus, and Gram-negative bacteria. The intestinal villi count, lengths, width, and surface area were all not significantly different. The blood monocyte levels appeared higher in FBDOC than LBDOC, which give evidence of higher immunity in FBDOC than LBDOC.

Conclusion: The results indicate a challenging situation in maintaining the quality of locally hatched broiler day-old-chicks compared to foreign hatched broiler-day-old-chicks. The study demonstrates that chick quality impact goes beyond the physical characteristics of chick weight and chick length, and the higher performance of FBDOC may be influenced by compliance with international hatchery standards and vaccination protocols.
PENGEMBANGAN Nitzschia sp. SEBAGAI BIOTA UJI SEDIMEN
Authors: Puspitasari Rachma
Published: November 2019

DEVELOPMENT of Nitzschia sp. AS SEDIMENT TEST ORGANISM. Sediment bioassay requires a test organism which suitable with the test material, for example sediment. However, benthic phytoplankton as the test organism has not been widely applied in Indonesia. Recently, bioassay test still uses phytoplankton which lives in water column such as Chaetoceros gracilis, Tetraselmis sp., Isochrysis sp., or uses another test organism like mussel, sea urchin larvae and amphipod. In addition, Nitszchia sp. is one of culture collection at Research Centre for Oceanography so it could be added value of culture collection. Therefore, this paper aims to describe the potential use of phytoplankton benthic, Nitzschia sp. as sediment test organism.
TRANSFORMASI NITROGEN DI LAUT
Authors: Meirinawati Hanny
Published: November 2019

NITROGEN TRANSFORMATION IN MARINE ENVIRONMENT. Nitrogen transformations are undertaken by marine organisms as part of their metabolisms, either to obtain nitrogen to synthesize structural components or to gain energy for their growth. Nitrogen can stimulate primer productivity in an aquatic ecosystem. Increasing human activities can cause the increase of the number of nitrogen in the ocean. The increased input of nitrogen which is often accompanied by oxygen limitation has a strong negative effect on benthic metabolism and nitrogen mineralization. The ocean’s nitrogen cycle is driven by complex microbial transformations, including nitrogen fixation, assimilation, nitrification, anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation) and denitrification.
AVALIAÇÃO DA NECESSIDADE DE TREINAMENTO AMBIENTAL: UM ESTUDO EM TRÊS EMPRESAS DO SETOR QUÍMICO BRASILEIRO
Authors: SILVA MARCO ANTONIO BATISTA DA , COSTA PRISCILA REZENDE DA , KNIESS CLAUDIA TEREZINHA
Published: November 2019

Neste artigo o objetivo foi analisar o alinhamento do processo de Avaliação da Necessidade de Treinamento (ANT) ambiental em três grandes empresas do setor químico brasileiro que tem a sustentabilidade como fator estratégico de vantagem competitiva. Tal estudo justifica-se pela necessidade de se aprofundar estudos sobre o papel da ANT como tema que ainda apresenta poucos estudos alinhados aos objetivos e ás estratégias organizacionais, visando à dimensão ambiental da sustentabilidade no contexto do setor químico brasileiro. Utilizou-se a abordagem de pesquisa qualitativa, com estudo de casos múltiplos baseado em triangulação de fontes de evidências. Os resultados confirmam que a sistematização da avaliação da necessidade de treinamento ambiental, por meio de sua abrangência individual, grupal e organizacional e da utilização da abordagem proativa pode potencializar o desenvolvimento de competências individuais essenciais à sustentabilidade a partir dos gaps de competências identificados. As contribuições gerenciais relacionam-se à descrição da fase de ANT desenvolvida pelas empresas estudadas, podendo servir de benchmark para outras empresas do setor, bem como apresentar às empresas estudadas possibilidade de aprimoramento de seu processo. No contexto acadêmico, busca contribuir para a investigação da abrangência das abordagens do processo de avaliação da necessidade de treinamento ambiental, aprofundando a investigação sobre os temas.
İlk İslâm Âlimlerine Göre Megâzî ile Hadis Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: GÖRKE Andreas , ÖZDOĞAN Kevser
Published: November 2019

[Hz.] Muhammed’in hayatını anlatan biyografi malzemesi (megâzî -veya sîre- malzemesi) ile söz ve fiillerinin anlatımı (hadis malzemesi) arasındaki ilişki İslâm araştırmalarında uzun zamandır tartışılmaktadır. Bazı araştırmacılar, biyografi malzemelerinin temelde hadisin kronolojik düzenlenmesiyle oluştuğunu iddia ederken, diğerleri tam tersini, hadis malzemesinin, aslında normatif metinler üretmek için tarihi bağlamından soyutlanan [Hz.] Muhammed’in hayatı hakkındaki anlatımlardan türediğini iddia etmişlerdir. Bu makale, iki görüşün de savunulamaz olduğunu ve megâzî ile hadisin ayrı alanlar olarak ortaya çıktığını, birbirlerini etkilediklerini fakat kendine özgü niteliklerini koruduklarını iddia eder. Bir alanda ortaya çıkan ve şekillenen rivayetler bazen diğerine aktarılır. Bir alandan diğerine rivayetlerin aktarımı, görünüşe göre, çoğunlukla metinde herhangi bir kasıtlı değişikliğin yapılmış olduğu anlamına gelmez.
Allah'ın Kudreti'nin İnsan Fiillerine Taalluk Alanı ve İmkânı (Kötülük Problemi Çerçevesinde Bir İnceleme)
Authors: CAN Seyithan
Published: November 2019

Tanrı inancına sahip teolojilerde, O’na
atfedilen kudretin yetkin olarak nitelendirilmesi, aynı zamanda bu kudretin
etki ettiği alanın sınırsız olduğuna yönelik bir düşüncenin oluşmasına
sebebiyet vermiştir.  Tanrı’nın
mutlaklığı açısından ele alınan bu düşünce, ateistlerin en temel argümanı olan
kötülük problemini, Tanrı’nın kudret sıfatını, işlevselliği açısından
teistlerin önüne müşkil bir mesele haline getirmiştir. Çünkü Tanrı kötülüğü
önlemek istiyor da, gücü mü yetmiyor? gibi bir soruya Tanrı inancına sahip
bütün insanlar; “Tanrı, her yönüyle mutlak sıfatlara sahiptir. Dolayısıyla O,
her şeye gücü yetendir” cevabını vereceklerdir. O halde neden kötülüğe müdahale
etmiyor? sorusu, hem inanan hem de inanmayan herkes için temel bir problem
haline gelmektedir.

Bu çalışma günümüzde de hala güncelliğini koruyan kötülük problemi
çerçevesinde, Allah’ın insan fiillerine müdahalesi tartışmalarına ilk dönem
(Mutekaddimûn)  Mu’tezile, Eş’arî ve
Mâturîdî kelamcılarının görüşleri kapsamında cevap aramaktadır. Mutlak
kudretin âleme taalluku kötülük problemi çerçevesinde ele alındığında,
Mu’tezile’nin aslah teorisi kapsamında mutlak iyi Tanrı perspektifinde hareket
ettiğini görüyoruz. Bu noktada Eş’arîler’in, mutlak iyi Tanrı tasavvuru
geliştirmedikleri ve Tanrı’nın âlemle ilişkisini sadece onun mutlak kudreti
üzerinden şekillendirdikleri görülmektedir. Mâturîdîler, her ne kadar hikmetli
ve bağımlı müdahale anlayışı çerçevesinde Allah’ın kudretini insanın azm ve
isteğine göre sınırlandırsalar da mutlak kudretin her şeyi yaratması noktasında
Eş’âriler’e daha yakın bir çizgide olduklarını söyleyebiliriz.
Virtual Role-play: Middle School Educators Addressing Student Mental Health
Authors: Timmons-Mitchell Jane , Albright Glenn , McMillan Jeremiah , Shockley Kristen , Cho Seungjong
Published: November 2019

Objectives: In this study, we examined the impact of a virtual training program, Kognito At-Risk role-play simulation, on the mental health and suicide prevention gatekeeping skills of middle school educators. Methods: The validated Gatekeeper Behavior Scale was administered
to 33,703 participants at baseline, post-training and follow-up. Helping behaviors were measured at baseline and follow-up. We also assessed preparedness, likelihood, and self-efficacy concerning leading conversations with youth about bullying and suicide. Results: Participants showed
positive change from pre-test to 3-month follow-up on variables of interest. Hotelling's T2 test indicated that, as a set, gatekeeper attitudes of preparedness, likelihood, and self-efficacy differed between pre-test and post-test, F (3, 33,512) = 16,283, p < .001, η2
partial = .59. Number of students about whom gatekeepers were concerned (p < .05), number of students approached to discuss concerns (p < .001), and number of students referred to support services (p <.001) increased significantly with training. Conclusions: The
At-Risk simulation shows promise in detecting and referring students in psychological distress, including risk of suicide. Fidelity is maintained because the program cannot be altered. At-Risk can be an effective and affordable way to provide suicide prevention training for those working in
schools.
Pull-Back of Metric Currents and Homological Boundedness of BLD-Elliptic Spaces
Authors: Pankka Pekka , Soultanis Elefterios
Published: November 2019

Using the duality of metric currents and polylipschitz forms, we show that a BLD-mapping f : X → Y between oriented cohomology manifolds X and Y induces a pull-back operator f
* : M
k,loc(Y) → M
k,loc(X) between the spaces of metric k-currents of locally finite mass. For proper maps, the pull-back is a right-inverse (up to multiplicity) of the push-forward f
* : M
k,loc(X) → M
k,loc(Y).

As an application we obtain a non-smooth version of the cohomological boundedness theorem of Bonk and Heinonen for locally Lipschitz contractible cohomology n-manifolds X admitting a BLD-mapping ℝ
n
→ X.
Terpenoids and phytosteroids isolated from Commelina benghalensis Linn. with antioxidant activity
Authors: Khatun Amina , Rahman Mahmudur , Rahman Mohammad Sharifur , Hossain Md. Khalid , Rashid Mohammad Abdur
Published: November 2019

Background

Commelina benghalensis Linn. (Family: Commelinaceae) is a common weed available in Bangladesh with several uses in traditional medicine. However, the chemical profile of this medicinal plant is scarce in relation to its medicinal uses. The aerial parts of this plant have been investigated for the isolation of secondary metabolites and evaluation of the biological activities.

Methods

Major phytochemical groups were analyzed using chromogenic reagents, whereas n-hexane soluble fractionates of the methanol extract were subjected to 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic analysis. The antioxidant property of the obtained compounds was evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH).

Results

Dammara-12-en-3-one (CB-1), stigmasterol (CB-2) and 3 (2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxy)-cinnamoyl dammara-12-ene (CB-3) were isolated from the n-hexane fractionate of methanol extract of C. benghalensis. In the study of DPPH radical scavenging activity, IC50 values were predicted to be 790.18, 4186.94 and 2001.16 μg/mL for CB-1, CB-2 and CB-3, respectively, whereas standard ascorbic acid showed IC50 at 1.26 μg/mL.

Conclusions

Two new dammarane-type triterpene (CB-1 and CB-3) and one phytosterol (CB-2) were identified in C. benghalensis with mild antioxidant property.
Li vs. Zn substitution in Li17Si4 – Li17–

ε

–

δ
Zn
ε
Si4 connecting the structures of Li21Si5 and Li17Si4
Authors: Baran Volodymyr , Fässler Thomas F.
Published: November 2019

Binary lithium silicides play a crucial role in high energy density anode materials for rechargeable batteries. During charging processes of Si anodes Li15Si4 is formed as a metastable phase which has been stabilized through Li by Mg, Zn and Al substitution. Here we investigate Li by Zn substitution in the lithium-richest phase Li17Si4 and report on the particular site preference of Zn atoms since Zn is substituting Li atoms only on one out of 13 possible lithium sites. This site preference shows an interesting relation to the closely related phase Li21Si5 and thus Li17−

ε

−

δ
Zn
ε
Si4 with ε = 0.025(1) and δ = 0.033(1) can be considered as the missing link between the structures of Li21Si5 (= Li4.20Si) and Li17Si4 (= Li4.25Si).
Cs2Zn(CN)4: a first example of a non-cyano spinel of composition A2M(CN)4 with A=alkali metal and M=group 12 metal
Authors: Werker Melanie , Ruschewitz Uwe
Published: November 2019

The crystal structure of monoclinic Cs2Zn(CN)4 (C2/c, Z = 4) was solved and refined from high-resolution synchrotron powder diffraction data (ESRF: Swiss-Norwegian beamline). In contrast to all other known cyanides of composition A2M(CN)4 with A = alkali metal and M = group 12 metal, which crystallize in cubic or rhombohedrally distorted spinel variants and thus with A+ in an octahedral coordination, the Cs+ cation in Cs2Zn(CN)4 shows an eight-fold coordination by CN− anions of the [Zn(CN)4]2− tetrahedra. Upon heating, no phase transition is observed. Instead, a reversible melting at approx. T = 380°C occurs.
Cripistemologies in the City: 'Walking-Together' as Sense-Making
Authors: Chandle Eliza , Johnson Megan , Gold Becky , Rice Carla , Bulmer Alex
Published: November 2019

In this article, we take up works of disability artists whose practices engage with the act of walking/traversing as a method and form of sense-making. Specifically, we take up two performances by blind theatre artist Alex Bulmer—May I Take Your Arm? (2018) and Blind Woman in Search of a Narrative (2018-2020) —in which walking, specifically ‘walking-together,’ is embedded as both a performative element and an integral mode of inquiry. We think about what Bulmer’s works, along with works by Carmen Papalia and Arseli Dokumaci, teach us about knowing and being known through an urban landscape, creating a ‘cripistemology’ (McRuer & Johnson, 2014) that builds on David Serlin’s (2006) notion of ‘disabling the flâneur.’ Throughout this arts-based inquiry, we suggest that Bulmer advances a practice of ‘cripping the flâneur’ (Campbell, 2010) as she demonstrates how we might come to know ourselves, our cities, our neighbours, and blindness through the epistemological vantage-point of blindness.
Increased risk of low bone mineral density in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a cohort study
Authors: Shen Zhe , Cen Li , Chen Xufeng , Pan Jiaqi , Li Youming , Chen Weixing , Yu Chaohui
Published: November 2019

Background

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has been suggested to be a risk factor associated with low BMD (bone mineral density) in several cross-sectional studies. The present longitudinal cohort study aims to explore the effect of NAFLD and its severity on low BMD.

Methods

Between January 2013 and August 2018, individuals who participated in annual comprehensive health examinations were included. BMD was presented using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). These subjects were diagnosed with fatty liver by ultrasound detection.

Results

A total of 1720 subjects were included (1064 subjects with normal BMD and 656 subjects with low BMD) at baseline. Among the 1064 participants with normal BMD at baseline, 399 participants developed low BMD. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio for incident low BMD comparing the NAFLD group vs the non-NAFLD group was 2.24 (1.18, 2.81). Increased non-invasive fibrosis markers of NAFLD were positively associated with an increased incidence of low BMD in a graded manner. In addition, obese subjects and women with NAFLD at baseline are more likely to develop low BMD.

Conclusion

NAFLD and its severity were independently associated with an increased incidence of low BMD. Obesity and female gender are risk factors associated with low BMD. Our findings indicated NAFLD can be a significant contributor to low BMD pathogenesis, requiring further studies to elucidate the potential mechanisms.
COSTA RICA SIN FRONTERAS #13
Authors: Aragón-Vargas Luis Fernando
Published: November 2019

En esta sección se publican los resúmenes en español de artículos que han sido publicados por investigadoras/es de universidades costarricenses en otras revistas en el mundo, con su debida referencia al trabajo original, y con una breve explicación de dónde se realizó la investigación. Los artículos originales han sido publicados en otros idiomas; las revistas tienen consejo editorial y manejan un proceso de revisión por pares. Los resúmenes corresponden a estudios relacionados con las ciencias del ejercicio y la salud, que se conforman a los criterios generales de la revista, esto es, se trata de “... estudios experimentales o que hagan recomendaciones concretas para solucionar problemas o preguntas relevantes (...) trabajos originales o de meta-análisis.” Solicitamos a las personas que han publicado este tipo de trabajos en otros idiomas que no los hagan saber, para incluir sus resúmenes en futuras entregas de esta sección.