bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluación de la funcionalidad del miembro superior en personas adultas con daño cerebral adquirido realizada por los/as profesionales de la terapia ocupacional en España, estudio transversal
Authors: Cuesta-García César , Simón-Vicente Lucía , Carpena-Niño María Gracia , Navarrete-Muñoz Eva María
Published: October 2021

Introducción: La evaluación de las actividades y la participación son dos elementos claves en la funcionalidad del miembro superior (MS) para el proceso de neurorrehabilitación. Conocer la evaluación que realizan los/as profesionales de la terapia ocupacional puede ser de utilidad para la rehabilitación. Por tanto, el objetivo principal del estudio fue describir el proceso de evaluación del MS en adultos con daño cerebral adquirido (DCA), realizado por terapeutas ocupacionales en España.
Métodos: Se diseñó un estudio transversal con terapeutas ocupacionales españoles que trataban el MS en pacientes con DCA mediante una encuesta online, entre marzo y mayo del 2020. En ella, se recogió información sobre variables sociodemográficas, formativas, laborales y sobre el proceso de evaluación.
Resultados: Un total de 47 terapeutas ocupacionales de una edad mediana de 31 años y mayoritariamente mujeres participaron en el estudio. El 57% reportó dedicar menos del 25% de su jornada a la tarea de evaluación. Se identificaron 110 escalas de evaluación, de las cuales el 62% se dedicaban a evaluar funciones y estructuras, el 19% actividades y 19% a participación. Las herramientas más utilizadas fueron Fulg Meyer Assessment, Nine Hole Peg Test y Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand.
Conclusiones: El tiempo dedicado a la evaluación fue escaso y un pequeño porcentaje de terapeutas ocupacionales evaluaron las actividades y participación.
The integrative taxonomy of Beauveria asiatica and B. bassiana species complexes with whole-genome sequencing, morphometric and chemical analyses
Authors: Kobmoo N. , Arnamnart N. , Pootakham W. , Sonthirod C. , Khonsanit A. , Kuephadungphan W. , Suntivich R. , Mosunova O.V. , Giraud T. , Luangsa-ard J.J.
Published: October 2021

Fungi are rich in complexes of cryptic species that need a combination of different approaches to be delimited, including genomic information. Beauveria (Cordycipitaceae, Hypocreales) is a well-known genus of entomopathogenic fungi, used as a biocontrol agent. In this
study we present a polyphasic taxonomy regarding two widely distributed complexes of Beauveria: B. asiatica and B. bassiana s.lat. Some of the genetic groups as previously detected within both taxa were either confirmed or fused using population genomics. High levels of
divergence were found between two clades in B. asiatica and among three clades in B. bassiana, supporting their subdivision as distinct species. Morphological examination focusing on the width and the length of phialides and conidia showed no difference among the clades within
B. bassiana while conidial length was significantly different among clades within B. asiatica. The secondary metabolite profiles obtained by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) allowed a distinction between B. asiatica and B. bassiana, but not between
the clades therein. Based on these genomic, morphological, chemical data, we proposed a clade of B. asiatica as a new species, named B. thailandica, and two clades of B. bassiana to respectively represent B. namnaoensis and B. neobassiana spp. nov. Such closely
related but divergent species with different host ranges have potential to elucidate the evolution of host specificity, with potential biocontrol application.
Onymic matrices in Yevgeny Vodolazkin’s novel Opravdanie Ostrova (‘Apologia of the Island’)
Authors:   Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vasilyeva N.V.
Published: October 2021

The paper analyses structures of proper names in Yevgeny Vodolazkin’s latest novel Opravdanie Ostrova (‘Apologia of the Island’, 2020). The implicative influence of the genre of fictional chronicle on nomina propria in the text is noted. The distribution of proper names types according to the functions they perform, as well as the ways how proper names are in-troduced in the text, highlight some kind of a matrix structure of the novel onomasticon.
Flow Behaviour Assessment of Smokey SAM Rocket Prototype
Authors: Nur Azam Abdullah  , Nor Izzuddin Ismail  , Izham Izzati Ismail  , Muhammad Hanafi Azami  , Norhuda Hidayah Nordin  , Nor Aiman Sukindar  , Zulkifli Zainal Abidin  , Ahmad Joahari Abu Bakar  , Noriza Dani
Published: October 2021

This paper presents an aerodynamic assessment on the "Smokey Sam Prototype (TRL-6) Start (X)". Initially, the rocket prototype was designed using OpenRocket open source software, where all of the user's design requirements and objectives are considered. The TRL-6 Smokey Sam Star (X) is expected to fly within 400 m with the operating Mach 0.2, as comparable to US GTR-18A. This research evaluates the aerodynamics performance of the design Smokey Sam prototype rocket using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach. For instance, the CFD study assessed the flight performance and stability once launched, such as lift coefficient, drag coefficient and pitching moment. This research employs K-omega (k-ω) model to express the turbulent properties of the flow. The actual pressure distribution was compared with the conventional rocket material's exact pressure distribution to inspect the best rocket material to sustain the best strength to weight ratio at high-speed trajectory operation. Several observations were made into the modelling process, such as surrounding velocity and pressure. It is found that the flight is in stable mode since the obtained pitching moments are almost zero at all assessed speeds.
Stool Antigen Examination as a Diagnostic Tool for Dyspeptic Patient caused by Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Case-based Literature Review
Authors: Lestari Haifa Mayang , Gustinanda Jatmiko , Tejaputri Nadzila Anindya , Tumpu Nur Afiahuddin , Radifan Taris , Louisa Melva
Published: October 2021

Today, the gold standard for diagnosing H. pylori infection is by Urea Breath Test (UBT). However, UBT tests are not widely available in several remote areas in Indonesia. Stool antigen test (SAT) is an alternative diagnostic test for H. pylori infection. However, it is unclear whether the performance of the SAT to diagnose H. pylori infection can be comparable with UBT accuracy.
This report was aimed to determine the accuracy of the stool antigen test (SAT) to diagnose H. pylori infection as an alternative to the urea breath test (UBT).
Our case-based literature review indicates that the SAT has high sensitivity (79%-96.4%). Therefore stool antigen tests can help doctors in ruling out H. pylori infection. SAT also demonstrates remarkable specificity of stool antigen examination (98.6%-100%), suggesting that stool antigen tests can help doctors rule in H. pylori infection.
Mesenteric Neural Stem Cell for Chronic Spinal Cord Injury: A Literature Review
Authors: Mahadewa Tjokorda Gde Bagus , Mardhika Putu Eka , Awyono Steven , Putra Made Bhuwana , Saapang Glen Sandi , Wiyanjana Kadek Dede Frisky , Putra Kevin Kristian , Natakusuma Tjokorda Istri Sri Dalem , Ryalino Christopher
Published: October 2021

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a common and potentially life-threatening condition with no established treatment to treat the primary injury. Mesenteric neural stem cell (NSC) therapy is a promising stem cell therapy to treat primary SCI in the chronic phase. We aimed to review the literature narratively to describe current evidence regarding mesenteric NSC in SCI. Primary SCI refers to tissue damage that occurs at the time of trauma that leads to the death of neuronal cells. In chronic SCI, the ability of neuronal regeneration is compromised by the development of gliotic scar. NSC is a stem cell therapy that targeted SCI in the chronic phase. Enteric NSC is one of the sources of NSC, and autologous gut harvesting in the appendix using endoscopic surgery provides a more straightforward and low-risk procedure. Intramedullary transplantation of stem cell with ultrasound guiding is administration technique which offers long-term regeneration. Mesenteric NSC is a promising stem cell therapy to treat chronic SCI with low risk and easier procedure to isolate cells compared to other NSC sources.
Towards a Post-Graduate Level Curriculum for Biodiversity Informatics. Perspectives from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) Community
Authors: Parker-Allie Fatima , Pando Francisco , Telenius Anders , Ganglo Jean , Vélez Danny , Gibbons Mark , Talavan Alberto , Raymond Melianie , Russell Laura , Talukdar Gautam , Vargas Manuel , Radji Raoufou , Koivula Hanna , Heughebaert André , Endresen Dag , Amariles-García Daniel , Osawa Takeshi
Published: October 2021

Biodiversity informatics is a new and evolving field, requiring efforts to develop capacity and a curriculum for this field of science. The main objective was to summarise the level of activity and the efforts towards developing biodiversity informatics curricula, for work-based training and/or academic teaching at universities, taking place within the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) countries and its associated network. A survey approach was used to identify existing capacities and resources within the network. Most of GBIF Nodes survey respondents (80%) are engaged in onsite training activities, with a focus on work-based professionals, mostly researchers, policy-makers and students. Training topics include data mobilisation, digitisation, management, publishing, analysis and use, to enable the accessibility of analogue and digital biological data that currently reside as scattered datasets. An initial assessment of academic teaching activities highlighted that countries in most regions, to varying degrees, were already engaged in the conceptualisation, development and/or implementation of formal academic programmes in biodiversity informatics, including programmes in Benin, Colombia, Costa Rica, Finland, France, India, Norway, South Africa, Sweden, Taiwan and Togo. Digital e-learning platforms were an important tool to help build capacity in many countries. In terms of the potential in the Nodes network, 60% expressed willingness to be recruited or commissioned for capacity enhancement purposes. Contributions and activities of various country nodes across the network have been highlighted and a working curriculum framework has been defined.
D’hier à aujourd’hui : tirer les leçons militaires de la guerre du Golfe
Authors: de Préneuf Jean Martinant
Published: October 2021

Même si les conditions géopolitiques ont changé, les leçons militaires de la guerre du Golfe restent pertinentes en obligeant à réfléchir sur la problématique du besoin d’adaptation permanente de notre système de défense pour répondre aux mutations du monde avec ses menaces croissantes et polymorphes.
Les conséquences de la guerre contre l’Irak pour l’organisation militaire française
Authors: Ricalens Jean
Published: October 2021

La guerre contre l’Irak fut un véritable révélateur des lacunes des armées françaises, malgré la qualité de son personnel. Formatés par la guerre froide, les forces et services eurent à se réorganiser en profondeur avec notamment la professionnalisation. Les évolutions se firent dès la fin du conflit, au regard du Retex.
L’impact de la guerre du Golfe sur les programmes d’armement
Authors: Boureille Patrick
Published: October 2021

Les lacunes des armements français ont été mises en évidence pendant le conflit et des programmes de rattrapage ont alors été lancés, même si certains n’ont pas abouti faute de financement. Le retard technologique a été en partie comblé, mais la course ne s’arrête plus désormais dans un environnement concurrentiel.
Isolated Biceps Tenodesis and Tenotomy: A Systematic Review of Indications and Patient Satisfaction
Authors: Patel Bhavik H. , Agarwalla Avinesh , Lu Yining , Ouillette Ryan J. , Forsythe Brian , Amin Nirav H. , Romeo Anthony A. , Liu Joseph N.
Published: October 2021

Biceps tenodesis and tenotomy are increasingly being used as treatment options for shoulder pathology, but patient satisfaction remains largely unstudied. A systematic review of the MEDLINE database was conducted to identify clinical outcome studies on isolated biceps tenodesis or tenotomy that reported patient satisfaction. Within the 15 investigations that were included, the indication for tenotomy was rotator cuff pathology, whereas the indication for tenodesis was biceps pathology or type 2 superior labral tear from anterior to posterior. Patients undergoing tenotomy were 13.6 years older than those undergoing tenodesis (
P
<.001). Patient satisfaction was high following both procedures, at 85.6% following tenotomy and 92.3% following tenodesis. [
Orthopedics
. 2021;44(6):333–340.]
Malignant transformation of a mature teratoma with concurrent cervical carcinoma versus squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix with ovarian metastasis
Authors: Ramajo Ina Felize A. , Gaddi Andrea M. , Gueco Cynthia G.
Published: October 2021

Mature cystic teratoma of the ovary may occur in 10%–20% of women during their lifetime. Its biological behavior is benign, while 0.17%–2% of them may undergo malignant transformation. Various histological types of malignant transformation include Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), adenocarcinoma, small cell carcinoma, sarcoma, malignant melanoma, and mixed histology. SCCA of the cervix occurs more commonly at ages 45–55. This is mainly caused by human papillomavirus 16 and 18. This tumor spreads to local then regional lymph nodes and can have hematogenous spread to bone and lungs, rarely to the ovaries. This report is of a 75-year-old Gravida 9 Para 9 (9009) with an enlarging pelviabdominal mass, managed as a case of ovarian new growth with later findings of cervical cancer. The case merits presentation because of the dilemma in diagnosis.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of male partners on antenatal human immunodeficiency virus screening for the prevention of mother-to-child human immunodeficiency virus transmission in a private tertiary hospital
Authors: Sangalang Ann Janelle M. , Clemente-Chua Lyra Ruth
Published: October 2021

Background:

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission remains to be a significant problem in the country despite preventive efforts in the past years. In children, mother-to-child vertical transmission during pregnancy is the most common route. The World Health Organization has implemented the Prevention of Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission (PMTCT) program, which promotes a comprehensive approach in addressing this problem. Male partner involvement in antenatal voluntary HIV counseling and testing has been proposed to be a vital part of this approach. Their role in the process has not been studied in depth in the local setting.

Objectives:

The study aimed to describe the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of male partners of pregnant women toward antenatal HIV screening in a local private tertiary hospital using a survey created by Belato et al. in 2016.

Methodology:

A descriptive analysis was done to present the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the participants. The association between the level of male partner involvement and independent variables was also tested.

Results and Conclusions:

The results of the study revealed a high level of male partner involvement in the PMTCT of HIV services at 69.1%. Age of the male partner and the duration of the couple living together were significant factors associated with male partner involvement. However, there was lack of knowledge regarding HIV transmission, antenatal HIV testing, and PMTCT services among majority of the male partners. Community sensitization of men about the benefits of antenatal HIV testing and PMTCT services need to be prioritized to improve their awareness and their involvement in the program.
Baloxavir: A Novel Single-Dose Oral Antiviral for the Treatment of Influenza
Authors: Dziewiatkowski Nicole A. , Osmon Elizabeth N. , Chahine Elias B. , Thornby Krisy-Ann
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE: To review the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, clinical efficacy, tolerability, dosing, and administration of baloxavir marboxil (BXM), as well as its place in the treatment of influenza.
 DATA SOURCES: A search of PubMed and Google
Scholar using the terms "baloxavir" and "S-033188" was performed. The manufacturer's website was also reviewed to further identify relevant information.
 STUDY SELECTION/DATA EXTRACTION: All Englishlanguage articles from January 2008 to December 2018 appearing in these searches
were reviewed for relevance to this paper. In addition, their bibliographies were reviewed to identify any articles not identified in the searches.
 DATA SYNTHESIS: BXM is a selective cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the
treatment of acute uncomplicated influenza in adults and adolescents 12 years of age and older who weigh at least 40 kg. Clinical trials demonstrated that BXM was associated with a significantly shorter time to alleviation of influenza symptoms compared with placebo when taken within 48 hours
of symptom onset. The time to alleviation of symptoms was similar with BXM and oseltamivir. The most common adverse reactions associated with BXM were diarrhea, bronchitis, nausea, nasopharyngitis, and headache. BXM is administered orally as a single-dose of 40 mg or 80 mg, depending on body
weight. No dosage adjustment is needed in patients with mild-to-moderate hepatic or renal impairment.
 CONCLUSION: BXM has been proven safe and effective in the treatment of acute uncomplicated influenza in patients 12 years of age and older when administered within 48 hours
of symptom onset.
PACE: An Interdisciplinary Community-Based Practice Opportunity for Pharmacists
Authors: McCarrell Jamie
Published: October 2021

PACE programs (Programs of All-inclusive Care for the Elderly) across the United States provide a valuable service to older adults with a significant nursing need by allowing them to remain safely living in the community for as long as possible through the provision of extensive, community-based
health care services to its participants. Clinical pharmacists have previously been underutilized in PACE, but ample opportunity exists to provide meaningful pharmacy services within PACE programs. Pharmacists working in PACE programs can expect to significantly impact clinical outcomes, health
care expenditures, and patient advocacy.
Impact of Pharmacy Medication Reviews on the Prescribing of Potentially Inappropriate Medications for Older Veterans in Primary Care
Authors: Chen Jennifer , Sena Kathryn , Nawarskas Ann D. , Smith Cynthia A. , Ward Kayla
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE: The primary objective was to evaluate prescribing of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) as defined by the Beers criteria in outpatient clinics with and without mandatory pharmacy medication reviews. DESIGN: Retrospective electronic medical chart review
at a single academic Veterans Affairs (VA) medical center. SETTING: Home-based primary care (HBPC) and geriatric primary care. PATIENTS: Patients were included if they were 65 years of age or older at the time of enrollment and newly enrolled with an initial visit to HBPC or
geriatric primary care between January 2015 and September 2015. Charts were included if patients received at least one follow-up visit with their primary care provider within 13 months of the initial visit. An additional inclusion criterion for HBPC patients was the documentation of at least
one follow-up medication review by a clinical pharmacist within 13 months of the initial mandatory chart review. A total of 30 patients were included in both groups. INTERVENTIONS: Mandatory pharmacy medication reviews compared with usual care (no formal pharmacy review). MAIN OUTCOME
MEASURE: Mean change in PIMs prescribed in both groups. RESULTS: The mean number of PIMs at initial and final visits was 0.4 unit per patient in HBPC. In geriatric primary care, the mean number of PIMs at the initial visit was 0.4 unit per patient, which increased at the final visit
to 0.6 unit per patient. CONCLUSION: No change in PIMs was observed in the HBPC group, while an increase was observed in geriatric primary care.
Factors Associated With Health Literacy and Medication Adherence in an Urban Community
Authors: Weaver Salome Bwayo , Maneno Mary , Chijioke Prince , Barsh Debbynie , Mayaka Rachel
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this study is to determine factors associated with health literacy and medication adherence in an urban community. DESIGN: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess factors associated with health literacy and medication adherence.
Participants were recruited from October 2012 to April 2013. SETTING: Ambulatory care clinic and senior wellness center. PARTICIPANTS: Participants were eligible if they were older than 18 years of age and had received care at the ambulatory clinic or obtained services at the
senior wellness center. INTERVENTIONS: REALM survey and the Morisky 8-Item Medication Adherence Questionnaire. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The two outcomes evaluated in this study were health literacy and medication adherence. RESULTS: A total of 51 participants were enrolled
in the study. Twenty-seven (53%) of the participants were noted to be nonadherent to their medications. Twenty (74%) of these participants read below the high school level, and the remaining 7 (26%) read above a high school level. Study findings showed that both education level and comorbidities
status were associated with health literacy. Participants who had a below high school education level had greater odds of having a below high school health literacy level (odds ratio [OR] = 7.500, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.482-37.949). Participants who had two or more comorbidities had
greater odds of having a below high school health literacy level (OR = 24.889, 95% CI 2.698-229.610). CONCLUSION: Our study results found associations between both comorbidities and education with health literacy.
Understanding Clinical Laboratory Interference
Authors: Martin Caren McHenry
Published: October 2021

Laboratory tests play an essential role in diagnosing disease and in determining and monitoring medication therapy. Laboratory interference—inaccuracies resulting from other properties in the sample—from both endogenous and exogeneous sources, can potentially lead to erroneous
diagnosis and changes in medications. Some types of laboratory interference are particularly common for elderly individuals. Pharmacists and other practitioners need to be aware of various common sources of interference with laboratory results so they can better assess the validity of laboratory
values for their patients.
Management of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Urinary Tract Infections: Diagnostic and Treatment Considerations for the Older Adult
Authors: Clifford Kalin M. , Grelle Jennifer L. , Tawwater John C. , Ramanathan Meenakshi , Duncan Nakia
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE: To review the treatment options for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) urinary tract infections (UTIs) in the long-term care facility setting.
 DATA SOURCES: A PubMed search from January 1, 1990, through December 31, 2018, using terms "extended
spectrum beta lactamase" and "urinary tract infection" was performed. Current guidelines, drug databases, and manufacturer package inserts were also used.
 STUDY SELECTION: All English-language articles during the above time frame appearing in these searches were reviewed
for relevance to this paper. In addition, their bibliographies were reviewed to identify any articles not originally identified.
 DATA SYNTHESIS: ESBL UTIs are a growing concern in the long-term care facility as these pathogens are becoming more prevalent. Patients residing
in long-term care facilities have fewer treatment modalities because of medication administration and care issues. This review highlights the data on different antibiotics and their efficacy toward ESBLs in the setting of UTI.
 CONCLUSIONS: Despite the challenges and limitations,
there are still options for clinicians to provide optimal care, including antibiotics with different routes of administration, as well as different administration techniques. Clinicians can be successful with treating ESBL UTIs in older adults.
ADA Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes: implications for Older Adults
Authors: Travis Catherine E. , Martin Caren McHenry
Published: October 2021

Each year, new literature and recommendations are incorporated into updates in the American Diabetes Association's Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes. The 2020 update increased the focus on the rising cost of care for diabetes, long-term outcomes of newer antihyperglycemics in reducing
macrovascular and microvascular complications of diabetes, and the importance of individualized treatment goals. These principles are of particular significance when managing older people with diabetes. This article focuses on updates pertinent to care of the older people.
CMS Responds to COVID-19 Crisis by Revising Regulations
Authors: Baldwin Paul
Published: October 2021

The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) and other federal agencies are busy churning out regulations and guidance documents in response to the COVID-19 crisis. CMS now requires plans to waive cost sharing for COVID-19-related immunizations, testing, and treatment and
suspend utilization review requirements related to drug-supply limits unless these limits are related to patient safety.
Adverse Drug Reactions Are Everyone's Business
Authors: Alderman Chris
Published: October 2021

Why has it been so difficult to gain traction in reducing the serious consequences of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), particularly among the people who are most vulnerable? Pharmacists have a unique place in the clinical setting as the advocates for the adoption of evidence-based care,
and they are the well-placed clinical professionals who can detect ADRs and provide guidance about how to address them.
Vaccine Hesitance: Risks, Persuasion, and influence
Authors: Alderman Chris
Published: October 2021

In this edition of The Senior Care Pharmacist, we publish a variety of contributions addressing the issue of vaccination. As the Northern Hemisphere enters the autumn/fall period, this matter assumes a renewed significance, with the rollout of immunization as a preventive strategy for
the benefit of both individual patients and the wider community. It is, perhaps, ironic that though effective vaccination services are now available for a range of communicable diseases such as influenza, and that these have only become relatively recently available in the course of medical
history, health care workers promoting this approach now face a different problem that has sometimes been referred to as "vaccine hesitance."
Rethinking Opioids, Gabapentinoids, and Pain
Authors: Alderman Chris
Published: October 2021

Through the use of opiate analgesia, it is possible to alter perceptions of pain, but equally, these same drugs have the potential to cause other profound consequences. Long before the COVID-19 pandemic began to impact societies worldwide, many developed nations (and particularly the
United States) were caught up in a struggle to contain the consequences of opioid use, which has directly contributed to numerous deaths and ongoing disability for many others.
High-Risk Medication Use in Older Residents of Long-Term Care Facilities: Prevalence, Harms, and Strategies to Mitigate Risks and Enhance Use
Authors: Sluggett Janet K. , Harrison Stephanie L. , Ritchie Leona A. , Clough Alexander J. , Rigby Debbie , Caughey Gillian E. , Tan Edwin C. K.
Published: October 2021

Older residents of long-term care facilities (LTCFs), also known as nursing homes, care homes, or residential aged care facilities, often have multiple health conditions and are exposed to polypharmacy. Use of high-risk medications such as opioids, glucose-lowering medications, antithrombotics,
and antipsychotics is prevalent among residents of LTCFs. Ensuring appropriate use of high-risk medications is important to minimize the risk of medication-related harm in this vulnerable population. This paper provides an overview of the prevalence and factors associated with high-risk medication
use among residents of LTCFs. Evidencebased strategies to optimize the use of high-risk medications and enhance resident outcomes are also discussed.
The Joy of Reading a Federal Regulation: Skilled Nursing Facility and Prospective Payment System Final Rule
Authors: Baldwin Paul
Published: October 2021

Our monthly column provides Insights into reading the Skilled Nursing Facility and Prospective Payment System final rule from CMS.
Pharmacy Education: Moving Early and Responding Strongly
Authors: Suresh Bhojraj
Published: October 2021

In a country with 1.3 billion population and about 1,000 universities and more than 50,000 higher education institutions and enrollment of 30 million students and a diverse demography, to find a single solution that can keep the teaching and learning process continued was a mammoth
task. The focus was on engaging the students and completing the academic sessions. Having crossed the phase of teaching and learning, the institutions are now grappling as to how the examinations and progression of these students be considered. Learning from global experiences and a bit of
innovation, this too has been overcome with methodologies that would have been unacceptable earlier. The challenge presently is the preparedness of higher education in the post pandemic period.
The Long Term Care Pharmacy World is Changing
Authors: Baldwin Paul
Published: October 2021

The spread of COVID-19 may change the long-term care industry in ways that will last long after the pandemic has ended, and the diligent pharmacist needs to be aware of how to adjust to those changes.
The Best Medicine is Not Always Medicine
Authors: Manzi Jeanne
Published: October 2021

The recent pandemic has led to lockdowns in numerous facilities caring for older people, and the lack of socialization can lead to an increased risk of depression. Interpersonal therapy, while not heavily researched, could be more effective than any antidepressant.
A comparative study of serological diagnosis of Dengue outbreak 2019
Authors: Bilal Habib Muhammad , Sher Akbar Noreen , Saleem Anber
Published: October 2021

Purpose: The interpretation & correlation of the different laboratory parameters in positive dengue cases in order to eval- uate that which laboratory test is more significant for diagnosis of Dengue.

Methods: Prospective examination of samples (patients’ serum) for dengue virus of different genotype by using multiplex anti-dengue IgM, IgG. We have done NS-1 test by (ICT) immunochromatographic devices, and complete blood picture (CBC) by Sysmex XP-100.

Result: Detection of Viral RNA in 100 patients showed effects in the total of 73 (73.0%) samples. This graphical compar- ison shows the whole positive cases including dengue NS-I antigen, dengue serology (IgM & IgG), total 62 positive cases of NS-I are detected, 10 positive cases of dengue IgM and 9 positive cases of IgG detected, in which Complete Blood Test (CBC) shows remarkable reduction in Platelets (32 cases) and Leucopenia in (24 positive cases).

Conclusion: In this research, it is concluded that the diagnosis of dengue cases is preliminary limited to initial stages i.e. CBC or sometimes dengue NS-I, as dengue IgM severity is more effective than that of Dengue NS-I & IgG. Many patients who had negative results in CBC and NS-1 testing, became positive when IgM and IgG serology testing has been done.

Keywords: Dengue; NS-1; IgG; IgM; Immunochrometographic test.
Relationships of depression and anxiety to readmission rates among patients with diabetes from Harare and Parirenyatwa referral hospitals in Zimbabwe
Authors: Chopera Prosper , Mbambo Sineke Glorious , Matthew Matsungo Tonderayi
Published: October 2021

Background: The knowledge of determinants of readmission among individuals with diabetes minimises relapse and de- creases diabetes associated morbidity and mortality.

Objectives: To explore the prevalence of depression and anxiety as well as determinants of readmission in individuals with diabetes from Harare, Zimbabwe.

Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out at Parirenyatwa and Harare group of hospitals. Participants were recruited through purposive sampling and interviewed at the diabetic clinics. Depression and anxiety were measured using the Hospi- tal Anxiety and Depression Scale. Binary logistic regression was used to determine predictors of readmission.

Results: In total 65 participants took part, 36.9% were males. The mean age ±SD was 44.89±14.2 years. Anxiety affected 40% and 20% were at risk of anxiety, while depression was reported in 27.7% and 30.8% were at risk of depression. De- pression [OR=0.64, 95%CI: 0.42-0.97 (p=0.037)] and checking of blood glucose [OR=0.06, 95%CI: 0.01-0.71 (p=0.025)] were significant negative predictors of readmission among diabetic patients while anxiety was a significant positive predictor OR=1.55, 95%CI: 1.09-2.21 (p=0.015).

Conclusions: Mental health conditions in people living with diabetes are factors contributing to increased re admissions and are more prevalent with aging. Psychotherapy and education interventions are recommended for the elderly diabetic population.

Keywords: Diabetes; hospital readmission; anxiety; depression.
Correlation of perinatal outcomes with amniotic fluid assessment techniques in high-risk pregnancies in a Tertiary Hospital in Southern Nigeria
Authors: Egagifo Ovoke , O Omo-Aghoja Lawrence , T Adeyinka Ayotunde
Published: October 2021

Background: Oligohydramnios is a predictor of fetal compromise and a useful tool in pregnancy management. It has been assessed using various techniques, including two-diameter pocket (2-DP) and amniotic fluid index (AFI).

Objectives: To determine which of these two techniques best diagnose oligohydramnios and predicts adverse perinatal outcomes.

Methods: This was a comparative cross-sectional study conducted at Delta State University Teaching Hospital, Oghara in southern region of Nigeria over eight months period. One hundred high-risk pregnant women were recruited and ultra- sound determination of amniotic fluid was performed using AFI and 2-DP. The women were followed up till delivery to determine adverse perinatal outcomes.

Results: The indices of validity of AFI and the 2-DP were calculated and compared. The 2-DP had a higher sensitivity than AFI for adverse outcomes in high-risk pregnancies complicated by oligohydramnios.

Conclusion: The 2-DP technique should preferably be used for the assessment of oligohydramnios in high-risk pregnancies.

Keywords: Two-diameter pocket; amniotic fluid index; oligohydramnios; high-risk pregnancies; adverse perinatal outcomes.
Erodibility of soils of varying land utilization types and lithologic materials in central southeastern Nigeria
Authors: Ahukaemere C.M. , Onweremadu E.U. , Akamigbo F.O.R.
Published: October 2021

Land use and parent materials influence behaviour of soils including responsiveness to erosion forces. The study investigated some soil properties related to erodibility in Abia and Imo States of Nigeria. Soil sampling was guided by geology and land use type. Random sampling technique was adopted in field studies. Two parent materials and three land use types were chosen for the study. In each parent material, three land use types were studied and in each land use, three soil profiles were sunk, described, and sampled using FAO procedure. Soil samples were subjected to laboratory analyses and data generated were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tools. Results showed that sand sized particles ranged from 533.10 to 778.80 g kg–1 and this distribution differed significantly between parent materials. Silt content ranged from 141.70 g kg–1 in soils derived from false-bedded sandstone to 202.20 g kg–1 in shale-derived soils. Clay-sized particles ranged from 77.30 g kg–1 in soils derived from false-bedded sandstone to 264.70 g kg–1 in shale-derived soils, respectively. Water-stable aggregate ranged from 19.38% in false-bedded sandstone to 29.23% in shale-derived soils. The DR (dispersion ratio) mean values ranged between 4.26 in shale and 8.46 in false-bedded sandstone, while the CDI (clay dispersion index) mean values ranged between 2.17 in shale and 8.41 in false-bedded sandstone, respectively. The forest soils had the lowest values of both DR (6.89) and CDI (6.40) for soils of the false-bedded sandstone, 3.85 and 1.59 for those derived from shale. The clay flocculation index (CFI) had mean of 2.16 in false-bedded sandstone and 7.83 in shale. In soils of the varying land use types, the mean soil pH (H2O) ranged from 4.28 to 4.64 in soils derived from false-bedded sandstone and 4.27-5.57 in those derived from Shale. From the results, parent material and land use influenced soil erodibility parameters (water-stable aggregates, mean-weight diameter, DR, CDI, and CFI) and other soil properties such as organic carbon, bulk density, and moisture content.
Optical (visual) Kerogen assessment of Enugu Shale, Anambra Basin, Southeastern Nigeria: Implications for source rock potential and thermal maturation
Authors: Chiaghanam Osita Igwebuike , Ikegwuonu Okechukwu Nicodemus , Ekwegbalu Chikodi Jennifer , Aniwetalu Emmanuel Ude , Chiadikobi Kingsley Chukwuebuka
Published: October 2021

Palynological analysis was carried out on Ten (10) samples from outcrops of the Campanian Enugu Formation, a component  lithostratigraphic unit of the Anambra Basin, using the acid maceration techniques for recovering acidinsoluble organic-walled microfossils. Two main lithological units were encountered, which include: carbonaceous shale and siltstone. Result from kerogen  laboratory examination reveals two (2) main groups of palynofacies association namely; palynofacies (A and B), based on the change in particulate organic matter constituents of organic residue extract. Palynofacies A is characterized by abundant opaques debris with common terrestrial phytoclasts, which occupy the southwestern and northwestern parts of the studied area, whereas palynofacies B  dominates in the northeastern part, characterised by abundant phytoclasts followed by frequent opaques debris. Kerogen type III with gas-prone material is suggested for both palynofacies. The examined exine of spore/ pollen grain are pale yellow – yellow, with Thermal Alteration Index TAI of 1+ to 2- and Vitrinite Reflectane (R o) (0.3 % - 0.4 %) in palynofacies A, and yellow – yellow brown, with Thermal Alteration Index TAI of 2- to 2, and Vitrinite Reflectane (R o) of 0.3% - 0.5% in palynofacies B. These revealed source rock that is thermally immature to slightly mature but has potential to generate mainly gas. The kerogen data generated using transmitted light microscopy correlated well with geochemical data obtained using rock-eval pyrolysis method, and this shows the method a reliable tool for assessing  petroleum potential in any given sedimentary basins.
Assessment of social media utilization by poultry and fish farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria
Authors: Bolarin O. , Oyekunle M.O. , Adebayo S.A.
Published: October 2021

The study attempted to assess the utilization of social media (online newspaper, Agricultural blog, Email, Facebook, Twitter and Wikipedia) by poultry and fish farmers in Oyo state. A random selection was used to select 110 respondents. Data were collected through structured questionnaire and analyzed with frequency count, percentage, and chi-square test statistics. Findings revealed that respondents are at various level of usage of social media. WhatsApp (84%) and Facebook (78%) were accessed and used social media for livestock farming purposes. Incidences of not able to access information were 43% for agricultural blogs, Emails and Twitter, 46% for online newspapers. Further analysis revealed that visiting agricultural Blogs, Wikipedia and Email and Instagram have significant relationship with the level of education of the farmers. The study posited that basic education do serve as an enhancer to the utilization of social media.
45th anniversary of the Helsinki Final Act and its role in international guarantees of territorial integrity and security of Ukraine
Authors: Lossovskyi Ihor
Published: October 2021

45th anniversary of the Helsinki Final Act and its role in international guarantees of territorial integrity and security of Ukraine. In the context of celebrating the Anniversary of the Helsinki Final Act and establishing the largest and most developed international regional security organization in the wider European region, Ukraine's participation in OSCE / OSCE activities was analyzed to ensure its security, sovereignty and territorial integrity within its internationally recognized state borders. The main focus is on Ukraine's efforts to counter Russian aggression against Ukraine, the illegal occupation of part of Donbas, the occupation and attempts to annex of the ARC and Sevastopol, as well as the militarization of the Crimea, Black and Azov Seas. The role and contribution of the OSCE to Ukraine's opposition to external aggression at all stages of our country's participation in this Organization are analyzed in detail. The issues of functioning of the relevant norms, principles, obligations and guarantees formed on the basis of the fundamental documents of the OSCE and developed in the course of its almost half a century of activity are considered. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that one of the most important and most powerful components ("pillars") of the further process of ensuring security, sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine in its counteraction to Russian aggression should be to continue and increase active involvement of OSCE mechanisms, norms, principles and institutions. Efforts to ensure OSCE monitoring throughout the occupied territory of Ukraine, in particular the Ukrainian-Russian border and in Crimea, should remain a priority. A promising direction for further involvement of the OSCE potential in the settlement of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict should be the establishment of cooperation with the UN International Peacekeeping Operation in Donbas, in case a decision is made on its possible deployment.
MODAL FREQUENCY ANALYSES OF THE VARIABLE STIFFNESS MECHANISM DESIGN OF THE SOFT ROBOTIC SYSTEM
Authors: ŞAHİN Haydar
Published: October 2021

In this study, mechanism design and numerical analysis are investigated and directly simulated through additively manufacturing materials of the thermoplastic polyurethane TPU and ABS. Systematic motion planning of humanoid arm systems improved concerning the designed soft robotic arm-like variable stiffness system through the completed novel methodology for the analysis. Soft robotics variable stiffness for mechanism design is a novel research area. Additionally, the humanoid arm-like variable stiffness mechanism herein is taken as a case study in this technology. The variable stiffness types for soft robotics are inflatable robotic technology, smart materials technology, mechanism technology, and a combination of them. The variable stiffness mechanism has a novel design opportunity via the boundary conditions and the orientation of the initial conditions for soft robotics. The relation between the boundary conditions and variable stiffness is not investigated sufficiently. The novel field of study completed herein, the soft robotics variable stiffness, is a fundamental investigation for further development in the mechanism design. Variable stiffness mechanisms can transmit the translational and rotational motions into required directions with required displacements and applied forces on the multibody systems. The stiffness for the fixed-free structural constraint boundary condition of the specified initial condition orientation is 8 Nm/rd compared to the stiffness value of the 65.6 Nm/rd fixed-fixed end boundary condition.
Проверка сообщений о преступлениях, совершенных осужденными в исправительных учреждениях, в контексте обеспечения их прав и законных интересов
Authors: Шаталов Александр
Published: October 2021

Введение: в статье рассмотрены проблемные вопросы участия должностных лиц органов и учреждений уголовно-исполнительной системы в процессуальной деятельности по проверке сообщений о преступлениях осужденных, обвиняемых, подозреваемых, совершенных ими в местах лишения свободы, и сформулированы предложения, направленные на повышение ее эффективности. Рассуждения автора имеют непосредственное отношение к определению момента начала исчисления сроков такой проверки, оцениванию целесообразности ее проведения, фактическому содержанию присущих ей процессуальных процедур и участию в них защитника. Цель: проанализировать этапы участия должностных лиц органов и учреждений уголовно-исполнительной системы в процессуальной деятельности по проверке сообщений о преступлениях осужденных, обвиняемых, подозреваемых, совершенных ими в местах лишения свободы, для осуществления классификации проблем реализации данного процесса и выявления способов их решения. Методы: посредством методов комплексного анализа автором осуществлена классификация проблем реагирования на разнообразные нарушения уголовно-правовых запретов со стороны осужденных к лишению свободы, а также подозреваемых и обвиняемых, находящихся под стражей. Результаты: в ходе проведенного анализа были выявлены следующие группы проблем: 1) проблемы, связанные с поводами для возбуждения уголовного дела; 2) проблемы, связанные с проверкой сообщений о преступлениях осужденных; 3) проблемы, связанные с принятием итоговых процессуальных решений и оказанием квалифицированной юридической помощи осужденным при осуществлении проверочных действий. С учетом специфики проблем сформулированы пути их решения. Выводы: автор убедительно показывает, что своевременное и профессиональное реагирование должностных лиц исправительных учреждений (в том числе следственных изоляторов) на разнообразные нарушения уголовно-правовых запретов со стороны осужденных к лишению свободы, а также подозреваемых и обвиняемых, находящихся под стражей, является обязательным и имеет ряд специфических особенностей, обусловленных, в первую очередь, той средой, в которой оно осуществляется.