bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Error Analysis of Stonex X300 Laser Scanner Close-range Measurements
Authors: Abed Fanar M. , Jasim Luma K. , Bori Marwa M.
Published: June 2024

This research reports an error analysis of close-range measurements from a Stonex X300 laser scanner in order to address range uncertainty behavior based on indoor experiments under fixed environmental conditions. The analysis includes procedures for estimating the precision and accuracy of the observational errors estimated from the Stonex X300 observations and conducted at intervals of 5 m within a range of 5 to 30 m. The laser 3D point cloud data of the individual scans is analyzed following a roughness analysis prior to the implementation of a Levenberg–Marquardt iterative closest points (LM-ICP) registration. This leads to identifying the level of roughness that was encountered due to the range-finder’s limitations in close-ranging as well as measurements that were obtained from extreme incident angle signals. The measurements were processed using a statistical outlier removal (SOR) filter to reduce the noise impact toward a smoother data set. The geometric differences and the RMSE values in the 3D coordinate directions were computed and analyzed, which showed the potential of the Stonex X300 measurements in close-ranging following a careful statistical analysis. It was found that the error differences in the vertical direction had a consistent behavior when the range increased, whereas the errors in the horizontal direction varied. However, it is more common to produce errors in the vertical direction as compared to the horizontal one.
Doctoral students’ satisfaction with research support services at public universities in Kenya
Authors: Sawe Emily , Mwai Naomi Wangari , Oyieke Lilian Ingutia
Published: June 2024

Research support services (RSS) play an essential role in the lives of academics and researchers. The study focused on availability of RSS and doctoral students’ satisfaction with RSS provided in public university libraries in Kenya. The success of doctoral students is often determined by the extent of RSS provided by the university libraries. Every library system's main goal is to satisfy its patrons. Specifically, the paper was guided by these objectives: to assess the extent of provision of RSS in university libraries and to determine the level of satisfaction of doctoral students on available RSS. A sample size of 372 doctoral students were selected using stratified sampling and simple random sampling techniques, and 32 librarians were selected purposively from selected public universities in Kenya. This study adopted a descriptive research design and used an online survey research technique to collect data from doctoral students and librarians. Microsoft Excel and the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) were used to analyse the data. Findings indicate that a wide range of RSS were provided in the selected universities and that while doctoral students are satisfied with the availability of materials, they are not happy with the currency of the materials in the library. The study concludes that there were significant differences in the provision of RSS for doctoral students across the selected public university libraries and that doctoral students have varying levels of satisfaction with the research support services provided to meet their information needs at selected public universities. The study findings will help university libraries to improve their services, provide targeted services to doctoral students and develop frameworks that will guide in resource allocation.
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) activity is modulated by light and gates rapid phase shifts of the circadian clock
Authors: Brenna Andrea , Borsa Micaela , Saro Gabriella , Ripperger Jürgen A. , Glauser Dominique A. , Yang Zhihong , Adamantidis Antoine , Albrecht Urs
Published: June 2024

The circadian clock allows organisms to coordinate biochemical and physiological processes over one day. Changes in lighting conditions as they occur naturally over seasons or manmade by jet lag or shift work, advance or delay clock phase to synchronize physiology to the environment. Within the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus, circadian timekeeping and resetting have been shown to depend on both membrane depolarization and intracellular second-messenger signaling. In both processes, voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) mediate calcium influx resulting in the activation of intracellular signaling pathways that activate
Period
(
Per
) gene expression. However, the precise mechanism how these processes are gated in a concerted manner is unknown. Here we show that cycling-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) activity is modulated by light and gates phase shifts of the circadian clock. We found that knock-down of
Cdk5
in the SCN of mice affects phase delays but not phase advances. This is associated with uncontrolled calcium influx into SCN neurons and an unregulated protein kinase A (PKA) – calcium calmodulin dependent kinase (CaMK) – cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway. Accordingly, genes such as
Per1
are not induced by light in the SCN of
Cdk5
knock-down mice. Our experiments identified an important light modulated kinase that affects rapid clock phase adaptation. This finding indicates how light responsiveness and clock phase are coordinated to adapt activity onset to seasonal changes, jet-lag and shift work.
Vinterforing av reinsdyr - effekter på reinsdyrs oppførsel, beitepraksis og miljøet
Authors: Skarin Anna , Turunen Minna , Eilertsen Svein Morten , Rautiainen Heidi , Horstkotte Tim , Baal Ole Nils Aslak , Blind Leif-Anders , Emanuelsson Ove , Hallergren Ove , Kaddik Anna-Marja , Labba Lars-Tomas , Larsson Helén , Larsson Mikael , Lifjell Tom , Lundgren Johan , Majuri Karoliina , Mustonen Janne , Oskal Helge , Paulsen Majken , Post Laura , Rasmus Sirpa , Risvoll Camilla , Tømmervik Hans , Utsi Nils-Johan , Nejne Vannar Elisabeth , Åhman Birgitta
Published: June 2024

This report is based on the results from a Nordic network project funded by The Nordic Joint Committee for Agricultural and Food Research (NKJ) during the years 2021-2022. This network was created to encourage further cross-border discussions about the prospects of winter feeding of reindeer. In reindeer husbandry winter feeding has increased during the last decades due to competing land use activities and climate change. Herders in Norway, Sweden and Finland have previously raised concerns about the benefits and risks associated to the increasing need of winter feeding of reindeer in all three countries.
The report, published in Swedish, Norwegian, Finnish and North Sámi, and covers the main findings from a series of preparatory workshops within each country and a main workshop in Arvidsjaur 8-9 June 2022. During the network activities, reindeer herders, researchers and managers discussed the effects of feeding on reindeer behaviour, herding practices and the environment. The two main topics discussed at the preparatory workshops were 1) the short- and long-term effects of winter feeding on reindeer behaviour, and 2) local to large scale effects of feeding on the environment and the natural pastures. During the main workshop, discussions were held about reasons for feeding of reindeer, the preconditions of feeding in the three countries, how winter feeding is usually performed, and best practices in relation to reindeer behaviour and the environment.
The work aimed at promoting knowledge exchange on winter feeding of reindeer among all participants to help find solutions and mitigation actions to avoid changes in reindeer behaviour and negative effects of feeding on reindeer, reindeer herding and the environment. The report is aimed at herders, managers, as well as other land users, authorities and policymakers to give information on what was discussed and a summary of the challenges related to winter feeding and effects on reindeer behaviour and reindeer husbandry, and the environment.
Rangifer Report No 20 is the Norwegian version of the report. The Swedish and Finnish versions have been published (Rangifer Report No 18 and 19, respectively). A version in North Sámi is published as a following number of Rangifer Report.
Peripheral blood immune cell parameters in patients with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and cervical cancer and their clinical value: a retrospective study
Authors: Wang Ling , Dong Yuyan
Published: June 2024

Objective

The objective of this study was to delineate the profile of peripheral blood lymphocytic indices in patients afflicted with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and cervical neoplasms, and to elucidate the correlation of these hematologic markers with the clinicopathological spectra in individuals diagnosed with cervical carcinoma.

Methods

We adopted a retrospective case-control modality for this investigation. An aggregate of 39 HSIL patients and 42 cervical carcinoma patients, who were treated in our facility from July 2020 to September 2023, were meticulously selected. Each case of cervical malignancy was confirmed through rigorous histopathological scrutiny. Concomitantly, 31 healthy female individuals, who underwent prophylactic health evaluations during the corresponding timeframe, were enlisted as the baseline control group. We systematically gathered and analyzed clinical demographics, as well as the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), from peripheral blood samples. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was deployed to dissect the interrelation between peripheral NLR and PLR concentrations and the clinicopathological features in the cervical cancer group.

Results

Inter-group comparative analysis unveiled statistically substantial variances in the PLR and NLR values among the tripartite clusters (F = 36.941, 14.998, P < 0.001, respectively). Although discrepancy in NLR (P = 0.061) and PLR (P = 0.759) measures between the groups of cervical carcinoma and HSIL was not statistically appreciable, these indices were markedly elevated in the cervical carcinoma faction as juxtaposed with the normative control group (t = 5.094, 5.927; P < 0.001 for both parameters). A discernible gradation in peripheral blood PLR and NLR concentrations was noted when stratified by clinical stage and the profundity of myometrial invasion in cervical cancer subjects (P < 0.001). The correlation matrix demonstrated a positive liaison between peripheral blood PLR and the clinical gradation, as well as the invasiveness of the neoplastic cells into the muscularis propria (P < 0.05); a similar trend was observed with the NLR values (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Augmented NLR and PLR levels in peripheral blood specimens are indicative of HSIL and cervical malignancy. These hematological parameters exhibit a pronounced interconnection with clinical staging and muscular wall penetration depth, serving as potential discriminative biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cervical cancer.
Emprendimiento y discapacidad: invisibilidad y desinformación en los medios digitales españoles
Authors: Ftah Ftah Khadija , Sánchez Gonzales Hada
Published: June 2024

El emprendimiento se ha convertido en un camino cada vez más atractivo para la inclusión laboral de las personas con discapacidad. Si bien este grupo históricamente ha enfrentado barreras y estereotipos en el mundo empresarial, la tecnología y las políticas de inclusión han abierto nuevas oportunidades para que las personas con discapacidad inicien sus propios negocios y creen empleo. Sin embargo, sorprende la poca información disponible sobre su visibilidad y representación en los medios digitales, ya que son una de las formas más efectivas de construir reputación para las empresas recién establecidas. Esta investigación emplea análisis de contenido para estudiar la visibilidad y representación de emprendedores discapacitados en los medios digitales. Así, analiza las noticias sobre emprendedores con discapacidad publicadas en 6 medios digitales nacionales desde enero de 2021 hasta mayo de 2023. Los resultados destacan la infrarrepresentación de los emprendedores con discapacidad en estos medios, ya que representaron solo el 0,3% de las noticias publicadas durante el estudio. período. En general, estas publicaciones tienen un sentimiento positivo, y los proyectos emprendedores mencionados se caracterizan por ser exitosos, experimentar crecimiento económico y gozar de reconocimiento social, con el apoyo de organizaciones y aceleradoras. La mayoría de ellos surgen de la necesidad y de una idea que surge por casualidad, logran el éxito en su primer intento y se encuentran en sus primeros años de funcionamiento.
Vincere urbem: el graffiti como intervención discursiva en/del espacio urbano
Authors: Córdula Almeida Verbena , Fonseca Silva Igor , de Carvalho Safiotti Giordano
Published: June 2024

El graffiti está presente en la sociedad brasileña desde la década de 1980 y puede verse como una manifestación sociopolítica de un pueblo. Para confirmar esta perspectiva, tomamos como corpus analítico tres obras expuestas en las murallas de la ciudad de Ilhéus (BA), creadas por los artistas Rildo Foge y Quinto Fonseca. A través del Análisis del Discurso, abordado por Orlandi (2001/2004) y Foucault (1996/1997), buscamos discutir las comprensiones expresadas por los grafiteros, combinadas con el contexto histórico, político y social del lugar en el que se fijaron las obras. . Al final de este artículo, se concluye que el graffiti puede operar como un registro histórico capaz de expresar una perspectiva colectiva sobre las experiencias de individuos que se insertan en el espacio urbano, expresando discursos en forma de artivismo.
ТЕЛЕСКОП ALMA УВИДЕЛ В ПРОТОПЛАНЕТНОМ ДИСКЕ ОГРОМНУЮ МАССУ ВОДЫ
Authors: Говорова А.Ф.
Published: June 2024

Группе американских и европейских астрономов впервые удалось выяснить как водяной пар распределяется в газопылевом диске у молодой звезды HL Тельца и «взвесить» его. По подсчетам авторов, в пределах снеговой линии диска (там, где вода не замерзает) содержится эквивалент 3.7 земных океанов. Исследование важно тем, что помогает понять раннюю эволюцию Солнечной системы и, возможно, приближает ученых к ответу на главный вопрос -как вода появилась на Земле. Результаты опубликованы в журнале Nature Astronomy.
Farmers Perceptions towards Agricultural Insurance Schemes in Southern Rajasthan: The Case of National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (NAIS) and Weather Base Crop Insurance Scheme (WBCIS)
Authors: Samota Santosh Devi , Dangi K.L. , Yadav S.L. , Yadav Ranveer Kumar
Published: June 2024

Crop insurance is an insurance prearrangement aiming at mitigate the financial losses suffered by the farmers due to damage of their crops due to various production risks beyond their control like natural fire, weather, floods, pests, diseases etc. Government of India started offering crop insurance in 1985, with the Comprehensive Crop Insurance Scheme. This encourages farmers to carry on with their productive efforts, which not only improves the welfare of the farmers but finally helps in stabilizing the agricultural output. In total majority of respondents, the insured loanee farmers 88 (88/150) (58.70 per cent) stated favourable attitude, while 35 (35/150) (23.30 per cent) could be found under less favourable category. The 27 (27/150) (18.00 per cent) farmers reported under highly favourable proportion. Statement wise attitude of insured loanee farmers in five-point continuum recorded most favourable attitude with mean per cent score 81.52, 78.17, 77.49 and 71.50 and placed at 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th respectively. This stated that the farmers can sustain natural calamities and compensation is available in time.
The Influence of Product Quality, Price, and Innovation on Customer Loyalty: A Study of Casio Watches Purchased Online in Cimahi City
Authors: Farhan Mochammad , Putra Hariyadi Triwahyu
Published: June 2024

The research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the influence of performance, durability, perceived quality, price and product innovation on online customer loyalty of Casio watch products in Cimahi City. The research instrument has gone through the validity and reliability testing stages, classical assumption testing and multiple regression testing. This instrument was used as a data collection tool from respondents aged at least 17-40 years who had purchased Casio watches, which were the objects assessed in this research, but only those purchased online. The number of respondents in this study was 120 people. The analytical tool used to test the data instrument is SPSS version 29 software. The novelty in this research is the object and its locus. The limitation of this research is that only 3 of the 8 dimensions of product quality are taken, namely performance, durability, perceived quality and the locus is only in the city of Cimahi, perhaps in other cities the results will be different. The findings of this research explain that performance, durability, perceived quality do not have a positive effect on customer loyalty. However, price and perceived quality have a positive effect on customer loyalty. Meanwhile, the number of samples, sampling techniques and data analysis techniques can be adjusted to the objects assessed by previous researchers. It is also hoped that the results of this research will be useful for managers of objects being assessed regarding the design of relevant strategies or programs. Of the six hypotheses, only two are accepted: price and product innovation have a positive influence on customer loyalty.
Exploring the Correlation between English Proficiency and Reading Comprehension among Elementary Learners in the Philippines
Authors: Aballe Sherryl Jean F. , Agcal Jiffrel Mae M. , Canoy Fe T.
Published: June 2024

This descriptive-correlational study aimed to determine the relationship between the English proficiency and reading comprehension of the Grade 6 learners at an elementary school in the province of Davao Occidental. Specifically, it aimed to determine the level of English proficiency of the respondents in terms of grammar and vocabulary and their level of reading comprehension. With the use of complete enumeration, there were 20 Grade 6 learners selected as respondents of the study. A validated questionnaire was used to assess the level of students’ English proficiency and the level of students’ reading. The data were analyzed using mean and Pearson-r correlation analysis.
Results revealed that the level of English proficiency of the respondents is proficient. This implies that the learners show great understanding and application of the English language. Also, the level of reading comprehension of the respondents is described as high, indicating that they have strong understanding and reading comprehension abilities. Further, the result revealed that there is no significant relationship between the English proficiency and reading comprehension of the Grade 6 learners. It is recommended that further studies on other factors that affect the reading comprehension of elementary learners should be conducted.
How Does Parental Education Affect Consumer Financial Literacy? Evidence from the USA
Authors: Liu Pengyan
Published: June 2024

This study explores the impact of parental education on consumer financial literacy, while simultaneously scrutinizing the mediating role of early financial education in this nexus. Leveraging the insights garnered from the 2021 National Financial Capability Survey, this inquiry employs the techniques of OLS and ordered probit regression to posit that parental education exerts a significant and positive influence on consumer financial literacy. Additionally, the investigation unveils that early financial education functions as a partial mediator in the linkage between parental education and the extent of consumer financial literacy. The findings indicate that early financial education can contribute to bridging the divide between parental financial literacy levels, thereby affording all children the opportunity to acquire financial knowledge and skills. This research underscores the importance of investing in early financial education as a pivotal means to augment financial literacy and foster broader financial inclusion.
Bioinoculation Effect of Frankia sp. and Microbial Bioagents on Growth and Development of Elaeagnus latifolia L. seedlings: An Endangered Plant Species of North East India
Authors: Handique Liza , Parkash Vipin
Published: June 2024

Aims: Analyses were done on the role of rhizospheric symbiotic Arbuscular Mycorrhizal                         (AM) fungus, Non-AM fungus and a bacterium in growth and development of E. latifolia L. seedlings.
Study Design and Methodology: The seedlings were inoculated with recognized AM fungal strain (Glomus mosseae, Gm 1), non-AM fungus (Trichoderma harzianum, Th-13) alone and nitrogen fixing bacteria Frankia sp. in combined form (both, dual and triple/ tripartite consortium) and analysed for their effect on growth parameters i.e. increase in length, diameter, circumference, Sturdiness quotient (Sq), Biovolume index (Bi) and Plastochron interval index (Pi) of the target plant species.
Results: Qualitative analysis have revealed that the consortium treatment containing Glomus mosseae  and Frankia sp. (FS-03) resulted in more increase in the length (7.0 ±0.25 cm), diameter (1.3 ±0.25 cm), circumference while the highest biovolume index was observed in the consortium treatment of Frankia sp. along with Glomus mosseae, Trichoderma harzianum  viz. Fs-04 (280.96 ± 20.0) and sturdiness quotient of 0.25 including reduced phyto-mortality and initiating rapid phyllogenesis in inoculated seedlings as compared to control seedlings. In contrast to control seedlings, which are covered in depth in this work, a similar pattern with negligible variance in all analyzed parameters as indicated above were also seen in other alone and combined treatments.
Conclusion: As a result, it was shown that both AM alone and consortium inoculations with Frankia sp. increased this plant species' adaptation and resilience.
Annual Variation in Proximate Chemical Composition of Fish Sold in Ludhiana Market: Punjab, India
Authors: Arjunsinh Pargi Narendrakumar , Datta Surjya Narayan , Singh Ajeet , Singh Prabjeet
Published: June 2024

A study was carried out to investigate the nutritional composition of four different fish species (Wallago attu, Labeo rohita, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, and Rastrelliger kanagurta) sourced from the inland and marine sector comprising both culture and capture fisheries marketed in Ludhiana fish market from September 2021 to August 2022, encompassing four distinct seasons: post-monsoon, winter, pre-monsoon, and monsoon. The proximate parameters including protein, lipid, carbohydrate, ash and moisture content were analysed following the standard methods. The moisture content across the four species ranged from 72.48% to 81.08% in selected fish. Lowest moisture content was recorded during the pre-monsoon season, contrasting with their highest levels during the monsoon season. Protein levels ranged from 9.72% to 18.36% across different seasons. Specifically, P. hypophthalmus displayed the lowest protein content (9.72±0.18%), while R. kanagurta exhibited the highest (18.36±0.18). W. attu, L. rohita, P. hypophthalmus, and R. kanagurta exhibited their lowest lipid content in flesh during the monsoon season, measuring at 0.69%, 1.59%, 9.33%, and 2.47%, respectively, contrasting with their highest levels during the winter season at 1.07%, 2.05%, 11.04%, and 4.05%, respectively. Across different seasons, carbohydrate content varied from 0.23% to 2.04%. R. kanagurta exhibited the lowest carbohydrate values; while L. rohita displayed the highest. Across different species, ash content varied from 1.62% to 4.34%, with the lowest observed in P. hypophthalmus and the highest in W. attu. Overall in fish muscle, water content reached its peak levels while muscle protein content decreased during the monsoon. The decline in protein and the rise in water content of the muscle were attributed to gonadal development and maturation, which depleted muscle protein reserves during the monsoon season. Inverse relationship between moisture and fat content in fish were observed, suggesting that fatty fish typically exhibit relatively lower moisture content. Lower levels of carbohydrate content are found in the total proximate composition of fish muscle, indicating that most of the glycogen in freshwater fish does not significantly contribute to body reserves.
Field Efficacy of Selected Chemicals and Biopesticides against Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis) on Brinjal (Solanum melongena) at Prayagraj
Authors: Mahala Abhishek , Yadav Usha
Published: June 2024

A field experiment was carried out at the Central research farm of Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology, and Sciences, located in Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, during the kharif  2023-24. The experiment was designed following a randomized block design with three replications. It encompassed eight treatments: T1 - Neem oil 3%@ 30ml/lit, T2 - Metarhizium anisopliae @ 2.5ml/lit,T3 - Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki @ 2gm/lit, T4 - Spinosad 45 SC @ 0.3 ml/lit, T5 - Emamectin benzoate @ 0.4 gm/lit, T6 - Chlorpyrifos 20 EC @ 2.5ml/lit, T7 - Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC @ 0.4ml/lit and T8 - untreated control. The objective was to assess the field efficacy of selected chemicals and biopesticides against Leucinodes orbonalis (Guenee) infestation on brinjal in Prayagraj. Two rounds of spraying was conducted at 15-days interval. Data on shoot and fruit infestation was recorded after each spraying and picking, including the percentage of shoot infestation. The results showed that the initial population of the pest before the spray exhibited a non-significant distribution. Following the spray, the findings demonstrated that T5 – Emamectin benzoate @ 0.4 gm/lit exhibited significant effectiveness against shoot and fruit borer, comparable to T7 – Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC, at 3, 7, and 14 days post-spraying. Following closely in efficacy were Spinosad 45 SC and Chlorpyrifos 20 EC. The highest cost benefit ratio was recorded- T5-Emamectin benzoate, followed by T7-Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC. The highest cost-benefit ratio was recorded in T5– Emamectin benzoate @ 0.4gm/lit followed by T7- Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC @ 0.4ml/lit and the lowest monetary return was observed with the control (T0).
Nano Biochar: Properties, Preparation, Key Features and its Impact on Soil and Crop Ecosystem
Authors: Sarma Hridesh Harsha , Borah Santanu Kaushik , Das Olympica , Sonowal Santosh , Talukdar Nilabh , Das Bikash Chandra
Published: June 2024

Nano biochar, a carbon-rich material, is increasingly recognized for its pivotal role in sustainable agriculture and environmental management. It is produced through the pyrolysis of biomass under controlled conditions, converting organic matter into a stable form of carbon. This process effectively sequesters carbon and mitigates greenhouse gas emissions while yielding a valuable soil amendment. In agriculture, biochar offers multifaceted benefits. Its porous structure enhances soil fertility and water retention, fostering optimal conditions for plant growth. By serving as a reservoir for nutrients, biochar promotes their slow release, reducing the risk of leaching and nutrient runoff. Moreover, its neutral pH and high organic carbon content contribute to soil health and microbial activity. Some key features of nano biochar are enhancing surface area and porosity, improved soil fertility, nutrient retention and recycling, slow-release fertilizer, enhanced microbial population, carbon sequestration etc.  Furthermore, biochar aids in waste management by utilizing agricultural residues as feedstock. However, despite its promising advantages, biochar application requires careful consideration. Variations in feedstock and production methods can influence its efficacy and environmental impact. Moreover, its long-term effects on soil health and crop productivity warrant further research and field trials. It presents a sustainable solution for enhancing agricultural productivity, mitigating climate change, and managing organic waste. However, its optimal utilization necessitates comprehensive understanding, integrated management practices, and ongoing scientific inquiry.
Stability Assessment of Groundnut ABLs Using AMMI and GGE Biplot Analysis for Yield Performance under Multi-environments
Authors: Premika B. P.  , Venkataravana P.  , Sowjanya B. A.  , Priyadarshini S.K.
Published: June 2024

The current study focused on Identification of stable line among the eight groundnut ABLs and two checks were assessed in three different environments in Karnataka during the 2020-2021 Kharif and Rabi seasons with randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences (p≤0.01) among the genotypes, environments, and the genotype by environment interaction (G×E) for kernel yield. The AMMI analysis also showed highly significant differences (p≤0.01) for varieties, environments, and their interaction on kernel yield. The IPCA1 and IPCA2 components explained 72.72% and 25.00% of the total G×E sum of squares, respectively. The variations in kernel yield were attributed to the environment (16.44%), ABLs (81.87%), and ABLs by environment interaction (1.68%). ABLs T65, T77, T81, and T82 were identified as stable across all three environments based on ASV and SI for kernel yield per plant. These stable lines can be used as parents in breeding programs. The AMMI model and GGE biplots were effective tools for evaluating the adaptability and stability of groundnut genotypes in diverse environments.
Chemical Analysis and Agricultural Utilizations of Dams Reservoir Sediments
Authors: Al-Balawna Zohuir A. , Abu-Abdoun Ideisan I. , Saleh Othman Y. , Khamis Ala Alden M. , Al-Talb Taleb M.
Published: June 2024

Sediment samples were collected from King Talal Dam (KTD) and subjected to chemical, physical, and mineralogical study to test their suitability as soil replacement.  The concentration of Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe), Lead (Pb), Nickel (Ni), Arsenic (As), Cobalt (Co), and Zinc (Zn) was obtained by atomic absorption spectrophotometer, and the elements phosphorus (P) and boron (B) were determined by using the spectrophotometric technique.
These elements concentration was compared with the average concentration of soil in near by area  of Jordan valley, It was found that the concentration of Cu and Zn, P, Fe, Mn, and K is within the standard range for soil fertility, and the concentration of Pb, Ni, As, Co, and Cd is within the standard range of agricultural human health safety regulation’s, the highest concentration on of iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) in sediment were found to be 1.48% and 15.0 ppm respectively. The lowest average concentration in KTD sediment was identified for cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) and was found to be <0.01 and <0.05 ppm respectively. The  Laboratory tests carried out indicate that the water of King Talal Dam is free of heavy metals pollutants, and reservoir sediments can be used for soil replacement and amendment. It is highly recommended to keep the percentage of sediments of KTD to soil used in agriculture within the range of 25%-50%.
Perspective of Pneumonia in the Health-Care Setting
Authors: Sabbagh Waad Abdulaziz , Karrar Hani Raka , Nouh Mahmoud Ismail , Alkhaifi Nouran M. , Badayyan Samar Y. , Shaikh Lamer K. , Ghamdi Nourah A. Al , Abdullah Fai F.
Published: June 2024

Pneumonia is a major worldwide health issue, impacting millions of individuals annually and leading to a significant number of hospitalizations and fatalities. Pneumonia is the leading infectious cause of mortality in children globally, responsible for almost 15% of all fatalities in children under 5 years old, as stated by the World Health Organization (WHO). Pneumonia is a prominent reason for hospitalization in the United States, resulting in around 1.5 million hospital admissions annually. Pneumonia is most prevalent in the elderly population, especially those who are 65 years old and above, and persons with preexisting medical disorders such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), heart disease, diabetes, or a compromised immune system. Pneumonia can vary in severity, ranging from a minor case that can be managed at home to a severe and life-threatening infection that necessitates hospitalization and intense medical care. The symptoms and severity of pneumonia might vary based on the underlying cause, the individual's age and overall health status, and other factors. Pneumonia is a severe respiratory infection that can be caused by several pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and unusual microorganisms. It is defined by the presence of inflammation in the alveoli, which are the small air sacs in the lungs responsible for gas exchange. This inflammation can result in the buildup of fluid or pus, which can hinder the lungs' functionality and impede the body's capacity to obtain sufficient oxygen. The significant burden of pneumonia globally, especially on vulnerable populations like children and the elderly, underscores the need for improved prevention, early detection, and effective treatment strategies. The range in severity highlights the importance of timely and appropriate medical care, as well as the need for patient education on recognizing and seeking treatment for pneumonia. Understanding the diverse etiologies and risk factors for pneumonia can inform the development of targeted interventions and public health measures to reduce the impact of this major respiratory illness.
First Report of Thrips parvispinus Karny Infestation on Mungbean in Gujarat, India
Authors: H. R Gothi, , Panickar Bindu K.
Published: June 2024

The current study on mungbean thrips in the northern region of Gujarat, India, has identified four species: Thrips parvispinus (Karny), Megalurothrips usitatus (Bagnall), Megalurothrips sp., and Thrips palmi Karny. These species were discovered and identified from mungbean flowers during the 2021–22 and 2022–23 investigation periods. Notably, Thrips parvispinus (Karny), an invasive species, was found infesting mungbeans in Gujarat and India for the first time. Thrips are notorious pests that attack various crops, causing significant damage and economic losses. Inventory data helps researchers study thrips behavior, lifecycles, hosts, and control methods, which is crucial for developing resistant crops and refining pest control. Regular updates enable monitoring of thrips populations, allowing early detection and timely intervention to prevent widespread infestations.
Comparison of alpha-2 agonist versus alpha-1 antagonist for post-traumatic stress disorder–associated nightmares in pediatric patients
Authors: Khalid Seher , Mitchell Sandra , Al-Mateen Cheryl
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children and adolescents has a high prevalence of accompanying sleep disturbances. Currently, pediatric treatment of PTSD-related nightmares is extrapolated from adult studies. This study aims to determine the effectiveness and safety of clonidine and guanfacine compared with prazosin for the treatment of PTSD-related nightmares.

Methods

This was a retrospective, single-center, medical record review of patients 5 to 17 years old admitted to an inpatient psychiatric unit from January 2015 to September 2021. Patients with a new initiation of an alpha-2 agonist (clonidine or guanfacine) or an alpha-1 antagonist (prazosin) with a diagnosis of PTSD, other trauma- or stressor-related disorder or unspecified anxiety disorder were included. The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients with a decrease in the frequency of nightmares.

Results

A total of 59 patients were included in the study: 37 in the alpha-2 agonist group and 22 in the alpha-1 antagonist group. There was no statistically significant difference in reduction of nightmares with both groups having a high percentage of patients showing response (alpha-2 agonist: 91.9%, alpha-1 antagonist: 86.4%). Time to decrease in nightmares was comparable between groups with a relatively quick onset. Within the alpha-2 agonist group, clonidine (1.59 ± 1.06 days) compared with guanfacine (3.18 ± 1.74 days) had a statistically significant faster time to reduction in nightmares (p = .005).

Discussion

Both pharmacologic classes of medications were effective treatment options for pediatric PTSD-associated nightmares with a low incidence of adverse effects. There was a quick time to onset seen with all agents.
Evaluation of major adverse events of clozapine based on accordance to an international titration guideline
Authors: Nuebel Matthew , Leung Jonathan G. , Hughes Christopher , McGrane Ian
Published: June 2024

Introduction

Clozapine is the only antipsychotic approved for treatment-resistant schizophrenia, but without appropriate monitoring, it can be associated with potentially fatal outcomes. An International Adult Clozapine Titration Guideline categorizes patients into normal or slow metabolizers. Categorization provides clozapine titration schedules and recommends regular c-reactive protein (CRP) and clozapine concentration monitoring to reduce the risk of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The impact of the guideline on clozapine ADRs has not been evaluated.

Methods

A retrospective chart review assessed clozapine titrations, laboratory monitoring, ADRs, and discontinuations for clozapine-naive adult inpatients at a single center from January 1, 2013, to June 1, 2022. Each patient’s cumulative weekly clozapine dosage was compared with their guideline recommended dosage to create a percent accordance. Linear logistic regression evaluated the relationship between titration speed and the presence of an ADR, while descriptive statistics analyzed laboratory monitoring.

Results

Forty-three patients were included, with the majority being White males with schizophrenia. An inverse relationship existed between the last inpatient week clozapine dose percent accordance and the probability of an ADR. Nonobese patients were less likely than obese patients to experience an ADR (odds ratio = 0.17; 95% CI, 0.03-0.99). CRP and clozapine concentration monitoring was suboptimal.

Discussion

Based on our small retrospective review of primarily White males, more aggressive clozapine titrations did not increase ADRs. Future studies with more diverse samples are needed and should focus on specific ADRs, which may have increased occurrence with rapid titrations. Obese patients were at higher risk of ADRs, correlating with the guideline-recommended slower titrations for these patients.
Implementation and evaluation of interprofessional overdose review team recommendations following intentional or accidental overdose events
Authors: Barrett Monica , Kemerer Sarah , Colvard Michelle
Published: June 2024

Drug overdose death rates in the United States remain high despite efforts to mitigate this risk. Many communities and hospitals across the country have implemented overdose review teams, including local overdose fatality review teams or postoverdose intervention programs, to address the opioid crisis. The goal of most of these teams is to identify missed opportunities or patient-specific interventions to prevent future opioid overdose fatalities. Few overdose review teams review a combination of both fatal and nonfatal overdose events. The Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System implemented a novel overdose review team (ORT) that collaboratively reviews all overdose incidents regardless of fatality, intent, or substance involved. This practice description characterizes reported facility overdose events and patient-specific risk-mitigation strategies recommended by the ORT, highlights the implementation rate and time to implementation of ORT recommendations, and discusses potential areas for process improvement. This practice highlights the potential impact of a pharmacist-led, interdisciplinary ORT following accidental or intentional overdose events involving any substance or medication. Key patient-specific interventions implemented following ORT recommendations included overdose prevention education and naloxone distribution, prescribing of medications for opioid use disorder and/or alcohol use disorder, reducing medication supply to limit lethal means access, and facilitation of mental health and/or substance use disorder specialty appointments. Further research to evaluate clinical outcomes related to specific ORT interventions should be considered.
Rural ambulatory care pharmacists providing in-clinic and home visit services improve adherence to long-acting injectable antipsychotics
Authors: Chang Heng “Helen” , Vaughn Laura Michelle , Liu Danica
Published: June 2024

Patients with schizophrenia often experience symptoms such as poor insight and disorganized thought, which limit their ability to seek and receive care consistently. In rural settings, systemic factors, including limited resources and transportation, further contribute to difficulties in health care access. Long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs) can improve medication adherence and reduce hospitalizations from relapse. Opportunities exist for pharmacists to provide individualized care and improved health care access. The pilot service took place in ambulatory care clinics and home care settings. Pharmacists performed weekly reviews of patients with active orders for LAIs, coordinated care with nonadherent patients, and offered follow-up appointments in the Patient Centered Medical Home (PCMH). For patients unable to be reached, outreach pharmacists provided psychiatric assessment and LAI medication administration at home visits. There were 10 patients with LAI prescriptions in the past year selected for review. The period reviewed was 90 days before and after start of service. Pharmacist interventions resulted in 4 patients reestablished with care who were previously lost to follow-up. The percentage of days covered by LAI fills increased from an average 26% to 67% of days covered (P = .06). Total emergency room visits related to mental health episodes decreased from 11 to 2 visits (P = .03). Four patients who did not have metabolic lab monitoring in more than 1 year received lab monitoring as indicated. PCMH pharmacy services, including home visits by outreach pharmacists, may improve access and bridge care gaps for patients on LAIs by providing community-based services in addition to traditional clinic-based care.
Arbeitslohn: In dubio pro Doppelbesteuerung? Das überarbeitete BMF-Schreiben zum Arbeitslohn nach DBA
Authors: Goldstein Jens , Thoß André
Published: June 2024

Das aktualisierte BMF-Schreiben zum Arbeitslohn nach den Doppelbesteuerungsabkommen (DBA) gibt der deutschen Finanzverwaltung den Umgang mit grenzüberschreitender Arbeitnehmertätigkeit vor. Neben Klarstellungen und Ergänzungen bringt das Schreiben vor allem zweierlei: es verursacht unnötig viel Bürokratie und erhöht sogar das Risiko für Doppelbesteuerungen.
Ersatz des Fahrzeugschadens bei Bestehen von Vorschäden
Authors: Nugel Michael
Published: June 2024

Bei der Regulierung eines Fahrzeugschadens nach einem Verkehrsunfall ist zugunsten des Geschädigten nur der Ersatz eines neu durch den Unfall entstandenen Schadens vorzunehmen. Bestanden aber schon vor dem Unfallereignis weitere Schäden an dem Fahrzeug ist eine Abgrenzung zu ggf. noch vorhandenen unreparierten Altschäden vorzunehmen und genau zu prüfen, inwieweit diese Schäden repariert wurden und daher ein neuer Schaden eingetreten sein kann. Sodann kann sich die weitere Prüfung anschließen, welche Auswirkungen der Vorschaden auf den Wiederbeschaffungswert als Abrechnungsgrundlage hat. Das Vorhandensein von Vorschäden kann sich nicht nur auf die Höhe des zu beziffernden Anspruchs, sondern auch auf weitere Folgepositionen auswirken und ist daher von erheblicher Bedeutung bei der Regulierung von Verkehrsunfällen. Wegen der besonderen Relevanz dieser Fälle hat sich gerade erst auch der Arbeitskreis VI des 62. Verkehrsgerichtstages mit dieser Thematik beschäftigt und richtungsweisende Empfehlungen ausgesprochen.
Microindentation into an epoxy composition to assess the influence of aging on mechanical properties
Authors: Minster Jiří , Bláhová Olga , Hristova Julia , Lukeš Jaroslav , Němeček Jiří , Šperl Martin
Published: August 2011

This work aims to apply the microindentation technique for assessing the influence of two aging factors—long‐term weathering and long‐term laboratory aging—on the time‐dependent mechanical properties of an epoxy composition. The linear theory of viscoelasticity was taken as a background for the problem, and the time‐independent Poisson ratio value was assumed to simplify the assessment. Two nano/microindenters were used (Hysitron Triboscan and Nano XP Indenter) at two different laboratories. Four special time‐dependent loading histories were applied: indentation under a step load, indentation under a constant load rate, indentation with a fixed depth of penetration, and indentation under a constant rate of penetration. The short‐term histories of the viscoelastic compliance of a common epoxy composition, affected by 5‐year weathering or laboratory aging, measured using a microindentation technique were compared to the data derived from standard macro measurements. The findings suggest that a qualitative assessment of the influence of the investigated aging effects on mechanical properties can be handled using short‐term microindentation data, but the data has to be freed of possible attendant factors, especially of the influence of polishing procedures accompanying the microindentation techniques, before comparing it with standard measurement data. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Synthesis of polypyrrole nanoparticles in natural rubber–polystyrene blend via emulsion polymerization
Authors: Ghalib Hassan , Abdullah Ibrahim , Daik Rusli
Published: August 2011

Nanoparticles of polypyrrole (PPy) in 40/60 wt % natural rubber (NR)–polystyrene (PS) blends were synthesized by emulsion polymerization using ferric sulfate [Fe2 (SO4)3], sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and n‐amyl alcohol as the oxidant, surfactant, and cosurfactant, respectively. The NR/PS/PPy blends were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). FESEM micrographs showed that NR/PS/PPy blends were homogeneous, and PPy nanoparticles were well distributed throughout the binary matrix of NR/PS. The size of PPy particles in the blends was in the range of 26–80 nm. The electrical conductivities of the pellets prepared from NR/PS/PPy blends increased as the composition of PPy nanoparticles was increased, which were in the range of 8.9 × 10−8 – 2.89 × 10−4 S/cm. Thermal stability of the blends increased as the content of PPy was increased, as shown by TGA thermograms. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012
Partial hydrogenation of benzene catalyzed by Pt/N‐n‐propyl chitosan hybrid membrane
Authors: Zhai Hao , Zhang Aiqing , Li Lin , Long Shuai
Published: August 2011

The partial hydrogenation of benzene by a Pt nano‐cluster/N‐n‐propyl chitosan hybrid membrane was investigated in this article. Monodispersed Pt nano‐clusters were prepared by the reduction of H2PtCl6 with ethylene glycol under microwave conditions. TEM, FTIR, XRD, 1H‐NMR, and XPS were used to characterize the structure of Pt nano‐particles, N‐n‐propyl chitosan and Pt/N‐n‐propyl chitosan hybrid membrane, respectively. Experimental results showed that Pt/N‐n‐propyl chitosan hybrid membrane catalyst gave a high selectivity for cyclohexene of 85.2% in the liquid phase hydrogenation of benzene, while the selectivity of cyclohexene was only 58.2% over the Pt/chitosan hybrid membrane catalyst. It was worth noting that there was no cyclohexene in the product when the catalyst was only Pt nano‐particles without chitosan hybrid membrane. So the chitosan or modified‐chitosan membranes played an important role in the controlling to the hydrogenation of benzene, and the relationship of the swelling degree and the catalytic activity was discussed in detail. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012