bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isoterm Sorpsi Air pada Tepung Ubi Jalar Terfermentasi dengan Angkak
Authors: Rukmawati Yulinda Eka Ayu , Hartini Sri , Cahyanti Margaretha Novian
Published: November 2018

The research was aimed to obtain moisture sorption curve , moisture sorption isotherm models and obtain determine the water content monoleyer of fermented sweet potato flour with red yeast rice.The moisture sorption isotherm model used are GAB (Guggenheim Anderson deBoer), BET (Brunauer Emmet Teller) and Caurie.Meanwhile, the test of modelling accuray by MRD (Mean Relative Deviation). The results showed that the water sorption isotherm curve of sweet potato flour fermented with red yeast rice Sigmoid shaped the approach of type II. The precise mathematical models are models of GAB (Guggenheim Anderson deBoer) with a value of MRD at a temperature of 30 °C, 35 °C, 40 °C respectively at 4.41%, to 2.50%, 3.37%. Moisture content of the monolayer at temperature of 30 °C, 35 °C and 40 °C in GAB model was 7.34%, 6.57%, 16.09%, BET model was 2.09%, 1.05%, 4.26%, and Caurie model was 1.41%, 1.36%, 1.42%.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v0i0.4814
Uji Aktivitas Senyawa Antioksidan dari Ekstrak Metanol Kulit Pisang Raja (Musa paradisiaca Sapientum)
Authors: Pane Elfira Rosa
Published: November 2018

AbstrakTelah dilakukan penelitian uji aktivitas senyawa antioksidan dari ekstrak metanol kulit pisang raja (Musa paradisiaca Sapientum). Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan cara maserasi menggunakan pelarut metanol. Ekstraksi bertingkat dilakukan terhadap ekstrak metanol dengan n-heksan dan etil asetat. Dari uji fitokimia terhadap fraksi metanol menunjukkan positif flavonoid. Pengujian aktifitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan reaksi oksidasi asam linoleat dengan metoda feritiosianat (FTC) 0,05%. Sebagai standar antioksidan digunakan Butil hidroksianisol (BHA). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan ekstrak metanol, fraksi n-heksan dan etil asetat memiliki aktifitas antioksidan yang tidak jauh berbeda dengan BHA. Sedangkan fraksi etil asetat memiliki aktifitas antioksidan yang lebih tinggi daripada BHA.Kata kunci : antioksidan, feritiosianat, Musa paradisiaca SapientumAbstractA research has been done to evaluate the antioxidant activity of metanol extract Musa paradisiaca Sapientum peel’s. Maseration technique was used to get the extract using metanol as solvent. The metanol extract of the peel was re-extracted by solvents into n-hexan and ethyl acetate fractions. Phytochemical screening of metanol extract showed positive flavonoid. The antioxidant activities were tested by using ferric thiocyanate method 0,05% (FTC) on linoleic acid and buthyl hydroxyanisole (BHA) as antioxidant standard. Metanol extract, n-hexan and ethyl acetate fraction exhibited antioxidative activity that was not significantly different from BHA, on the other hand, the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited significant antioxidative activity, which is better than BHA.Keywords : antioxidant, ferric thiocyanate, Musa paradisiaca Sapientum
Kajian Potensi Limbah Pertanian Sebagai Sumber Karbon Pada Produksi Avicelase dan CMCase dari Bacillus circulans
Authors: Rahmadani Amrullah Hamdan , Susanti Evi
Published: November 2018

AbstrakAvicelase dan CMCase mewakili aktivitas eksoselulase dan endoselulase, termasuk dua dari tiga jenis selulase dalam sistem selulase yang dihasilkan oleh Bacillus circulans. Ekspresi keduanya sangat dipengaruhi oleh jumlah dan jenis sumber karbon dalam media produksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui jenis dan konsentrasi limbah pertanian terbaik untuk menghasilkan avicelase dan CMCase dari B. circulans serta kemampuan sistem selulase tersebut untuk mendegradasi substrat lignoselulosa. Limbah pertanian yang diteliti berupa ampas tebu, bonggol jagung dan sekam. Limbah pertanian tersebut digunakan sebagai satu-satunya sumber karbon pada media produksi. Avicel digunakan sebagai sumber karbon pembanding. Aktivitas avicelase dan CMCase ditentukan berdasar jumlah gula pereduksi yang dihasilkan dengan menggunakan metoda Somogy-Nelson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua limbah pertanian yang diteliti berpotensi sebagai sumber karbon yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan avicel untuk produksi avicelase dan CMCase dari B. circulans. Limbah pertanian yang terbaik adalah ampas tebu. Penggunaan ampas tebu pada konsentrasi 0,5 % menghasilkan aviselase dan CMCase sebesar 309,39 dan 405,48 U/mL. Sistem selulase yang dihasilkan mampu mendegradasi ampas tebu, bonggol jagung dan sekam.Kata kunci : avicelase, CMCase, limbah pertanian, sumber kabon, Bacillus circulansAbstractAvicelase and CMCase activity represent exocellulase and endocellulase, including two of the three types of cellulase in the cellulase system produced by Bacillus circulans. Expression both of them strongly influenced by the amount and type of carbon source in the production medium. The aims of this research were to determine the type and concentration of the best agricultural waste to generate avicelase and CMCase from B. circulans and their ability to degrade lignocellulosic substrates. Studied agricultural wastes are bagasse, corn stalks and husks. Agricultural waste is used as the sole carbon source in media production. Avicel is used as a comparable carbon source. Avicel and CMCase activity are determined based on the amount of the reducing sugars is generated by using the method of Somogy - Nelson. The results showed that all the studied agricultural waste was a potential carbon source better than ethical for avicelase and CMCase production from B. circulans. Agricultural waste bagasse was the best one. The use of 0.5 % bagasse produce CMCase and aviselase at 309.39 and 405.48 U / mL respectively. The resulting system was able to degrade bagasse , corn stalks and husks.Keywords : avicelase , CMCase , agricultural waste , carbon sources , Bacillus circulans
Pembuatan Plastik Kemasan Terbiodegradasikan Dari Polipropylena Tergrafting Anhidrid Maleat dengan Bahan Pengisi Pati Sagu Kelapa Sawit
Authors: Matondang Tuty Dwi Sriaty , Wirjosentono Basuki , Yunus Darwin
Published: November 2018

Abstrak   Pati sagu kelapa sawit mempunyai potensi yang besar untuk dijadikan filler pada pembuatan bahan kemasan terbiodegradasikan dari polypropylena tergrafting maleat anhidrida. Pati sagu kelapa sawit dapat diekstraksi dari batang kelapa sawit . Grafting polypropylena dengan maleat anhidrida dilakukan dengan metode refluks dari 1 g maleat anhidrida, 0,1 g BPO, 10 g polypropylene dengan xylene sebagai pelarut. Campuran polypropylena tergrafting maleat anhidrida dan pati sagu kelapa sawit dilakukan dengan metode kempa tekan pada temperatur 1700C selama 20 menit dengan variasi polypropylena tergrafting maleat anhidrida dan pati sagu kelapa sawit adalah (99,5: 0,5), (99:1), (98:2), (97:3), ( 96:4) (%b/b) dan tapioka komersil sebagai pembanding dengan variasi (99,5:0,5), (99:1), (99:2) (%b/b). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan campuran dengan perbandingan (97:3) adalah yang paling optimum dimana tensil strenght 16,010 N/m2; elongation et break 8,593% sedangkan pada perbandingan (98:2) harga elongation et break hampir sam dengan harga elongation et break tapioka komersil sebagai pembanding yaitu 3,1875% dan 3,847%. Menurut persyaratan kemasan terbiodegradasikan SNI 7188.7:2011 campuran yang berisi termoplastik, pati alami tidak mengandung prodegradant dan harga elongation et break kurang dari 5% dapat dipakai untuk bahan pembuatan plastik kemasan terbiodegradasikan . Penelitian ini didukung oleh Uji SEM, Uji DTA, Uji FTIR dan Uji kemampuan terurai di alam.Uji SEM, Uji DTA, Uji FTIR dan Uji kemampuan terurai dialam.   Kata kunci : kemasan biodegradable, grafting polypropylena, pati dari batang kelapa sawit   Abstract   Palm sago starch has a big potential to be filler for biodegradable packaging material. Starch of palm sago starch can be extracted of the oil palm trunk. Grafted polypropylena with maleic unhidride by refluks method from 1g maleic unhidride, 0,1 g BPO and 10 g polypropylena   with xylene as solvent made PP-g-MA. Mixed between PP-g-MA and PSKS (starch of the oil palm trunkl) with cross clamp method at temperatures 1700C for 20 minutes with variation PP-g-MA and PSKS were (99,5:0,5), (99:1), (98:2), (97:3), (96:4), (%w/w). As a comparison Shanghai brand commercial Tapioca with comparative variation (99,5:0,5) (99:1), (99:2) (%w/w). The reseach yield show that biodegradable packaging PP-g-MA and PSKS (97:3) the most optimum in mechanical characteritic; tensile strenght 16,010N/m2, elongation et break 8,5937%. At the comparison (98:2) tensil strenght 6,9410 N/m2, elongation et break 3,1875% same with tapioca commercial. According to biodegradable packaging requirement ISO 7188.7:2011 mixture containing thermoplastic, starch and elongation et break less than 5% can be used a raw material of plastic biodegradable. The research supported by SEM test, DTA test, FTIR test and Biodegradale test.   Keywords : Biodegradable packaging, Grafting Polypropylena, Starch of the oil palm trunk
Sintesis Satu Langkah Senyawa Oksotrinuklir dengan Terminal Ligan Piridin [Ru3O(OOCC6H5)6(C5H5N)3]ClO4
Authors: Lesbani Aldes , Mohadi Risfidian , Eliza Eliza
Published: November 2018

Abstrak Telah disintesis senyawa oksotrinuklir dengan terminal ligan piridin [Ru3O(OOCC6H5)6(C5H5N)3]ClO4. Senyawa oksotrinuklir hasil sintesis dikarakterisasi menggunakan spektrofotometer FT-IR dan spektrometer massa. Hasil identifikasi dengan spektrofotometer FT-IR menunjukkan senyawa oksotrinuklir hasil sintesis memiliki vibrasi khas pada bilangan gelombang 698 cm-1. Pengukuran menggunakan spektrometer massa menkonfirmasi bahwa senyawa oksotrinuklir memiliki ligan terminal piridin yang mudah terfragmentasi yang ditandai dengan puncak ion molekul pada m/z 1283,14 dan puncak ion fragmen pada m/z 1205,09 yang mengindikasikan lepasnya satu molekul piridin sebagai terminal ligan. Kata kunci : senyawa oksotrinuklir, sintesis satu langkah, ruthenium, piridin.   Abstract Synthesis of oxotrinuclear with pyridine as terminal ligand [Ru3O(OOCC6H5)6 (C5H5N)3]ClO4 has been carried out. Oxotrinuclear compound from synthesis was characterized using FT-IR spectrophotometer and mass spectrometer. The FTIR spectrum shows that oxotrinuclear compound has vibration at wavelength 698 cm-1 and mass spectrometer spectrum shows oxotrinuclear compound has pyridine as terminal ligand which easily fragmented indicated by molecular ion peak at m/z 1283.14 and ion fragment peak at m/z 1205.09. These values revealed one molecule of pyridine lost from terminal ligand. Keywords : oxotrinuclear compound, one step synthesis, ruthenium, pyridine.
Permeasi Transdermal Losartan In Vitro dari Larutan dengan Variasi Kadar Losartan dan Propilen Glikol
Authors: Binarjo Annas , Nugroho Akhmad Kharis
Published: November 2018

Abstrak Losartan, senyawa antagonis reseptor angiotensin II, mempunyai bioavailabilitas oral 0.25-0.35.  Bioavailabilitas yang rendah ini dapat diatasi dengan penghantaran obat secara transdermal. Enhancer sering ditambahkan ke dalam formula sediaan transdermal, misalnya propilen glikol (PG).  Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari pengaruh kadar propilen glikol terhadap permeasi transdermal losartan pada kadar obat yang berbeda. Penelitian dilakukan secara in vitro dengan sel difusi tipe vertikal dilakukan terhadap empat formula yaitu 2% potasium losartan (k-los) :15% PG (F1), 10% k-los :15% PG (F2), 2% k-los :20% PG (F3), dan 10% k-los: 20% PG (F4) dengan dapar sitrat pH 5 sebagai mediumnya.  Kulit punggung tikus jantan galur wistar digunakan sebagai membran, PBS pH 7,4 sebagai medium kompartemen reseptor, dan HPLC untuk pengukuran kadar k-los dalam kompartemen reseptor dengan detektor UV. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kadar k-los dari 2% ke 10% pada kadar PG 15% meningkatkan fluks, sedangkan pada kadar 20% tidak berpengaruh terhadap fluks.  Peningkatan kadar PG dari 15% ke 20% justru menurunkan fluks pada kadar k-los 2%, dan tidak berpengaruh pada kadar k-los 10%.  Nilai lag time tidak berbeda diantara semua fomula. Hal ini berarti penggunaan enhancer PG lebih dari 15% justru merugikan permeasi transdermal. Kata Kunci : transdermal, losartan, propilen glikol, enhancer   Abstract Losartan is an angiotensin receptor antagonis which has low oral bioavailability (0.25-0.35).  Transdermal drug delivery system is needed as one solution for this low oral bioavailability drug.  Propilen glikol (PG), as enhancer, is frequently added in transdermal dosage form.  This research was purposed to explore the effect of PG as losartan permeation enhancer in various concentration of potasium losartan (k-los). The research was carried out in vitro using vertical tipe difusion cel for 4 formulas, i.e. 2% potasium losartan (k-los) :15% PG (F1), 10% k-los :15% PG (F2), 2% k-los :20% PG (F3), and 10% k-los: 20% PG (F4) using citric buffer pH 5 as donor medium, while PBS pH 7,4 was used as receptor medium.  The dorsal skin of white wistar male rat was used as membrane.  HPLC with UV detector was used to determine the concentration of k-los appear in receptor compartment. The results show that increasing of k-los concentration from 2% to 10% can increase the flux if PG concentration is 20%, but it does not have any significant effect to the flux if the PG concentration is 15%.  Increasing PG concentration from 15% to 20% decrease the flux permeation in k-los concentration of 2%, and does not have any significant effect in concentration of k-los of 10%.  The lag time permeation does not has any significant differencess.  It means that PG as enhancer in the concentration above 15% doesn’t have any adventages. Keywords : transdermal, losartan, propilen glycol, enhancer
Pengaruh Zat Aditif Urea terhadap Kuantitas Biodiesel Pada Reaksi Transesterfikasi
Authors: Rasyid Rismawati , Kalsum Ummu , Malik Rahmaniah , Priyono Dadi , Albar Azis
Published: November 2018

Abstrak Asam lemak jenuh maupun tak jenuh pada minyak nabati memiliki potensi untuk diubah menjadi bahan kimia penyusun bahan bakar . Komponen asam lemak pada CPO RBD dengan komposisi terbesar adalah asam palmitat (38.2%) dan asam oleat (45.89%).  Pembuatan biodiesel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan CPO (Crude Palm Oil) yang telah dimurnikan melalui reaksi transesterfikasi dengan pereaksi etanol dan katalisator KOH. Penambahan urea sebagai zat aditif pada reaksi dapat meningkatkan kualitas biodiesel yang diperoleh serta lebih efisien dalam tahapan pemurnian. Persentase kadar FAME (Fatty Acid Metyl Ester) setara dengan persen yield biodiesel pada proses reaksi tanpa penambahan urea adalah 90.34% dan mengalami peningkatan setelah penambahan urea sebesar 98%. Densitas yang dihasilkan pada reaksi tanpa zat aditif  0.868 gr/ ml dan reaksi dengan penambahan zat aditif memiliki densitas  0.866 gr/ml,  kedua produk tersebut telah sesuai dengan standar SNI yakni berkisar 0.85–0.89. Kata kunci : biodiesel, CPO, zat aditif Abstract Saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in vegetable oils have potential to be converted into constituent of chemicals fuel. Fatty acids in the RBD palm oil with the largest composition are palmitic acid (38.2%) and oleic acid (45.89%). Production of fuel which substitute diesel fuel (biodiesel) from CPO (Crude Palm Oil) which has been purified by transesterification reaction with ethanol reagent and KOH catalyst. The addition of urea as an additive substancein the reaction to improve  the quality as well as more efficient biodiesel obtained in the purification stages. Percentage value of FAME(Fatty Acid Metyl Ester)or yield biodiesel in the reaction without the addition of urea is 90.34% and after the addition of urea increased by 98%. Density of product that produced in the reaction without additives is 0.868 g / ml and for reaction with additives has a density of 0.866 g / ml, both of these products are met the criteria of SNI  standards which ranged from 0.85 to 0.89. Keywords : Biodiesel, CPO, additive substance
Ekstraksi Emas dari Limbah Papan Sirkuit Telepon Genggam Menggunakan Teknik Membran Cair Emulsi
Authors: Santoso Imam , Tatian Silvana , Kartika Irna Ratna , H Tritiyatma
Published: November 2018

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan persen ekstraksi emas dari limbah papan sirkuit telepon genggam dengan teknik  membran cair emulsi menggunakan MIBK sebagai carrier. Reaksinya terjadi secara simultan di permukaan membran, antara senyawa yang akan dipisahkan pada fasa umpan dengan senyawa pembawa pada fasa organik. Logam emas hasil reaksi akan terdifusi ke fasa membran yang pada akhirnya hasil ekstraksi terkumpul dan terkonsentrasi di fasa penerima. Sebelum diaplikasikan ke limbah telepon , terlebih dahulu dipelajari beberapa parameter yang berpengaruh  terhadap perolehan persen ekstraksi. Pada penelitian ini kondisi optimum untuk parameter pembuatan fasa emulsi yaitu 1:1, pengaruh kecepatan pembuatan emulsi pada yaitu 1000 rpm.Pengaruh konsentrasi carrier terhadap persen ekstraksi emas dengan konsentrasi MIBK sebesar 3%, pengaruh kecepatan kontak terhadap persen ekstraksi emas adalah pada 1000 rpm. Penerapan kondisi optimum pada limbah papan sirkuit telepon genggam memberikan persen ekstraksi Au sebesar 83.24%. Kata Kunci: limbah papan sirkuit telepon genggam, MIBK, teknik membran cair emulsi. Abstrack This research aim is to determine extraction percentage of gold from cellular phone circuit board waste using emulsion liquid membrane technique with Methyl Isobutyl Ketone (MIBK) as carrier. The reaction occur simultaneously on the membrane surface, between compound going to be separate in feed phase with carrier compound in organic phase. Gold from reaction will diffuse into membrane phase which finally will be collected and concentrated in receiving phase. Before it applied to phone waste, there are several parameters studied which influence the extraction percentage result. In this research the optimum condition for building emulsion phase parameter is 1:1, effect on building emulsion rate is 1000 rpm. Carrier concentration effect to extraction percentage of gold is at 3% MIBK and contact rate effect is at 1000 rpm. Optimum condition application to cellular phone circuit board waste give Au extraction percentage of 83.24%. Keywords: cellular phone circuit board waste, MIBK, emulsion liquid membrane technique.
Accuracy of Provider-Documented Child Immunization Status at Hospital Presentation for Acute Respiratory Illness
Authors: Bryan Mersine A. , Hofstetter Annika M. , deHart M. Patricia , Zhou Chuan , Opel Douglas J.
Published: November 2018

OBJECTIVES:

To assess (1) the accuracy of child immunization status documented by providers at hospital presentation for acute respiratory illness and (2) the association of provider-documented up-to-date (UTD) status with immunization receipt during and after hospitalization.

METHODS:

We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of children ≤16 years old treated for asthma, croup, bronchiolitis, or pneumonia at a children’s hospital between July 2014 and June 2016. Demographics, clinical characteristics, and provider-documented UTD immunization status (yes or no) at presentation were obtained from the medical record. We compared provider-documented UTD status to the gold standard: the child’s UTD status as documented in the Washington State Immunization Information System (WAIIS). The sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of provider-documented UTD status were calculated. We assessed the association of provider-documented UTD status and immunization during and within 30 days posthospitalization using multivariable logistic regression.

RESULTS:

Among 478 eligible children, 450 (94%) had provider-documented UTD status at hospital presentation and an active WAIIS record. Overall, 92% and 42% were UTD by provider documentation and WAIIS records, respectively, with provider-documented UTD status having 98.4% sensitivity (95% confidence interval [CI]: 95.4%–99.7%), 12.2% specificity (95% CI: 8.5%–16.8%), and 44.6% positive predictive value (95% CI: 39.7%–49.5%). Per WAIIS records, 20% and 44% of children who were due for vaccines received a vaccine during or within 30 days posthospitalization, respectively. There was no significant association between provider-documented UTD status and immunization during or after hospitalization.

CONCLUSIONS:

Provider-documented UTD immunization status at hospital presentation for children with respiratory illnesses overestimates UTD status, creating missed opportunities for immunization during and after hospitalization.
Growth of Rice (Oryza sativa) Varieties: Mendawak, Inpari 34, Ciherang, and Bangir in Ciganjeng Village, Pangandaran District
Authors: Prayoga Muhamad Khais , Rostini Neni , Simarmata Tualar , Setiawati Mieke Rochimi , Stoeber Silke , Adinata Kustiwa
Published: November 2018

Type of rice varieties is one of the important factors that affecting rice production. For countries, rice breeders of Indonesia can take advantage of specific environmental potential in determining the distribution policy of superior varieties. The purpose of this study was to observe the appearance of plant height and the number of tillers of four rice varieties in Ciganjeng Village, namely Mendawak, Inpari 34, Ciherang, and Bangir. The design used completely randomized block design and repeated three times. Observations were carried out eight times in the vegetative phase, started from 14 days to 63 days after planting. This research was participatory and involved farmers. Farmers roled as observers to measure and record observation. All data analyzed by ANOVA with tukey’s HSD test as post hoc test. The results showed that both Inpari 34 and Bangir variety had the highest average plant height growth while Mendawak and Bangir has the highest average number of tillers.
KEBIJAKAN PENGELOLAAN PULAU-PULAU TERLUAR DITINJUAU DARI ASPEK KEPENDUDUKAN
Authors: Alihar Fadjri
Published: November 2018

Ada beberapa persoalan yang terkait dengan pulau-pulau terluar, pertama, aspek keamanan yang berkaitan dengan aspek perlindungan dan pemeliharaan. Kedua, banyak diantara pulau-pulau tersebut yang tidak berpenghuni. Ketiga, aspek pemberdayaan masyarakat. Tulisan ini mencoba mengeksplorasi berbagai data, baik hasil penelitian, naskah-naskah akademik dan berbagai data dari internet untuk memahami berbagai persoalan yang terjadi di pulau-pulau terluar Indonesia. Disimpulkan bahwa pemerintah Indonesia terlalu menyepelekan persoalan yang terjadi pulau-pulau terluar, padahal menyangkut harga diri dan martbat bangsa. Pemerintah dituntut untuk mendata kembali berbagai pulau-pulau terluar yang tersebar di daerah perbatasan dengan negara tetangga. Selain itu pemerintah juga dituntut mereklamasi beberapa pulau-pulau terluar karena terancam tenggelam dan ini berdampak terhadap garis perbatasan Indonesia. Untuk mengisi pulau-pulau terluar tersebut kiranya diperlukan sebuah program transmigrasi lokal yang dibekali dengan pengetahuan dan keterampilan berbasis kelautan dan kepulauan. There are several matters concerning the outer islands of Indonesia. First is related with security matters. This is most likely policing of defence and conserve the national, as well as states borders. Secondly is concerning thier inhabitant. Most of the islnads are not being occupied. Thirdly is about social enhancing of the resident of those outer islands. This article is going to explore any specific data or informations collected from either surveys, literature reviews of both hardcopies and softcopies which are downloaded from web media, in order to understand the matters concerning those outer islands which are bounderising the Republik of Indonesia. The result is that to a certain extent the government of Indonesia seems to underestimate the be existent of those outer island of Indonesia. Even though this really is concering the self-respect, as well as honour of the Republik of Indonesia as a big nation. Then, the government of Indonesia is supposedly forced to take into account the reassessment of those outer islands of Indonesia, particularly those which are bounderized with other countries. The goverment is also demanded to do the reclaimation of several outer islands which are being shinked. This effort is must be done in order to keep up the Indonesian borderlines or peripheries. The local, as well as inter-islands transmigration programs, which are socially and fisically trained by the marine and oceanic-atoll expertise could be the best solution for keeping-up and safeguarding those outer islands of Indonesia.
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN PARIWISATA PESISIR DI DESA BENTUNG KABUPATEN KEPULAUAN SANGIHE PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Tatali Aldy Adrianus , Lasabuda Ridwan , Andaki Jardie A , Lagarense Bet E. S.
Published: November 2018

Pengelolaan pariwisata pesisir telah banyak diteliti namun penelitian ini menekankan pada pengembangan potensi pariwisata pesisir desa bentung yang belum dikelola. Diperlukan dukungan dukungan pemerintahan dan pihak terkait dalam pengembangan pariwisata pesisir. Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe yang merupakan kabupaten bahari memiliki Kawasan Strategis Pariwisata dalam PERDA Kepulauan Sangihe Nomor 15 Tahun 2008 yaitu kawasan yang memiliki fungsi utama pariwisata atau memiliki potensi untuk pengembangan pariwisata yang mempunyai pengaruh penting dalam satu atau lebih aspek seperti pertumbuhan ekonomi, sosial dan budaya, pemberdayaan sumber daya alam, daya dukung lingkungan hidup, serta pertahanan dan keamanan Desa Bentung mempuyai atraksi wisata Mairokang Beach Game (MBG) yang diselenggarakan setiap tahun. Penelitian ini berfokus pada pengembangan atraksi wisata pesisir di Desa Bentung dengan bentuk diversifikasi produk-produk wisata yang masih banyak selain lomba MBG. Potensi sumber daya pesisir di Desa Bentung seperti terumbu karang, Hutan Mangrove yang memiliki luas 2,82 Ha, keadaan hutan mangrove tergolong dalam kondisi tidak rusak. Potensi pariwisata pantai Desa Bentung memiliki tiga kawasan pantai yang memiliki pasir yang berbeda yaitu Pantai Bulo, Pantai Nagha, Pantai Mairokang Bentung. MBG melaksanakan  kegiatan – kegiatan yang bernuansa budaya Sangihe dan menjadi daya tarik wisata Kabupaten Kepulauan Sangihe, lomba ini merupakan lomba balap perahu. Management of coastal tourism has been extensively researched but this research emphasizes the development of coastal tourism potentials in Bentung Villages. Government and stakeholder support in is required in coastal tourism development. The regency of Kepulauan Sangihe which is a maritime regency has a Tourism Strategic Area in Sangihe Islands Local Regulation No. 15 Year 2008 which tell that a region that has a major function of tourism or has potential for tourism development that has an important influence in one or more aspects such as economic, social and cultural growth, natural resources empowerment, environmental carrying capacity, defense and security. Bentung Village a tourist attraction such as Mairokang Beach Game (MBG) that held annually. This study focuses on the development of coastal tourism attractions in the village of Bentung with a diversified form of tourism products that are still many other than the MBG competition. The potential of coastal resources in Bentung Village such as coral reefs, Mangrove Forest has an area of 2.82 Ha and classified as undamaged. Bentung Beach tourism has three areas that have different sand such as Bulo Beach, Nagha Beach and Mairokang Beach. MBG carries out cultural activities of Sangihe and becomes a tourist attraction of Kepulauan Sangihe Regency, This attraction is a boat racing competition.
REKLAMASI DI TELUK JAKARTA DAN PERUBAHAN SOSIAL PADA MASYARAKAT NELAYAN DI CILINCING JAKARTA UTARA
Authors: Hikmah Hikmah
Published: November 2018

Perubahan sosial merupakan aspek penting dalam memahami perkembangan kehidupan perekonomian masyarakat di Cilincing, karena intervensi kebijakan pemerintah (pembangunan pulau reklamasi). Pembangunan pulau N di Teluk Jakarta telah mempengaruhi kehidupan sosial ekonomi masyarakat di Cilincing yang terkait dengan perubahan sumber pendapatan, pola aktivitas penangkapan ikan, serta sistem gender pada masyarakat perikanan. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus yang menggunakan metode kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan  metode triangulasi guna memperoleh kombinasi data yang akurat. Pemilihan informan melalui teknik bola saljudan dilakukan secara sengaja yaitu memilih orang-orang yang dianggap mengetahui secara detail mengenai gejala perubahan sosial akibat adanya pembangunan reklamasi Teluk Jakarta. Analisis data kualitatif dilakukan secara interaktif dan berlangsung secara terus-menerus sampai tuntas hingga datanya jenuh. Hasil penelitian menggabarkan adanya perubahan sosial yang terjadi akibat adanya pembangunan pulau  reklamasi di sekitar Teluk Jakarta antara lain perubahan jenis sumber pendapatan, perubahan pola aktivitas penangkapan, perubahan struktur sosial masyarakat nelayan dan perubahan sistem gender. Tulisan ini merekomendasikan agar pemerintah melakukan  asistensi pada masyarakat nelayan yang tidak mampu beradaptasi terhadap perubahan karena pulau reklamasi dengan program mata pencaharian alternatif. Dan bagi masyarakat nelayan yang mampu beradaptasi dengan perubahan yang ada, Harus disiapkan skema bantuan yang jelas, sehingga perekonomian masyarakat nelayan dapat berkembang.Reclamation In The Jakarta Bay And Social Change Of Fishing Community In CilincingReclaimed island development, social groups in the coastal villages have been affected due to the construction project. This study aims to provide an overview of the symptoms of social change as a result of reclamation development on the lives of fishing communities in Sub Cilincing North Jakarta. This study used a qualitative method with case study approach. Data collection techniques applied by the researchers is the triangulation method to obtain accurate data combinations. Selection of informants through sampling technique a snowball and is done deliberately is choosing those deemed to know in detail about the symptoms of social change as a result of the construction of the Jakarta Bay reclamation. Qualitative data analysis performed interactively and lasted continuously until complete until data saturation. The results of the study describes the phenomenon of social changes that occur due to the construction of reclamation around the Bay of Jakarta, among others, changes in the type of source of income, changes in patterns of fishing activities, changes in the social structure of fishing communities and change the gender system.
STRATEGI KEBIJAKAN PENANGGULANGAN PENGGALIAN PASIR PANTAI MELALUI PENDEKATAN EKONOMI (Studi Kasus Penggalian Pasir di Pantai Nasai – Kabupaten Merauke)
Authors: Widiastuti Maria Diana , Samderubun Godefridus , Arifin Taslim
Published: November 2018

Beach sand mining caused externalities. Externalities are negative impact caused extraction excessive. Road damage, decreasing of fisheries production, and destruction of mangrove forest ecosystems in coastal areas. The government has appeal for the prohibition of sand mining, but extraction still happening. This study aims to assess the policy strategy to overcome beach sand mining throughmotivation and perception of community using SWOT analysis;estimation of actual production costs and estimation of real production of traditional sand mining using descriptive quantitative. The result showed that motivation of community selling sand for economic demands, does not need to work hard, the production are stable and high prices than agriculture activity. They consider selling sand is a side job. If there is no demand for sand, then the community will be doing another job like hunting, fishery and agriculture activity. The community aware negative impact of sand mining and its knowledge become strength effect to a prevention of sand mining. Low enforcement of Government and tribe policies. Real data production of excessive extraction three times higher than government data according to sand mining permit. Meanwhile, all sales sand has no permit. The profit margin for sales agent sand Rp543.111,00/ret while community received Rp250,000.00/ret. Price proposed by internalizing the externalities for sand mining is Rp391.924,00/m3.
Trauma e transfusão sanguínea precoce: o desafiante manejo de hemorragias em Testemunhas de Jeová.
Authors: Lima Giacomo Lamarão , Byk Jonas
Published: November 2018

RESUMO O manejo de pacientes que se recusam a receber transfusões de sangue e de seus produtos, como as Testemunhas de Jeová, apresenta-se frequentemente como desafio médico, não só pelo dilema ético, mas porque cria um importante obstáculo ao rápido controle de hemorragias num cenário de trauma. Este artigo explora as razões deste conflito entre o dever de cuidado do médico e o respeito à autonomia do paciente, e desenha um panorama dos entendimentos majoritários do Judiciário sobre o tema. Por fim, conclui-se que a manifestação de vontade do paciente, embora livre, não é suficiente para afastar o médico do seu dever de cuidado. Constatando perigo à vida, o médico deverá proceder a transfusão de sangue, independentemente de consentimento do paciente ou de seus responsáveis.
O mercado brasileiro de anticorpos monoclonais utilizados para o tratamento de câncer
Authors: Vidal Thaís Jeronimo , Figueiredo Tatiana Aragão , Pepe Vera Lúcia Edais
Published: November 2018

Resumo: Os anticorpos monoclonais (mABs) têm sido indicados como tecnologia inovadora para o tratamento de alguns tipos de câncer, por serem capazes de alvejar e matar seletivamente células tumorais. Contudo, os altos custos dessas terapias colocam em questão a sustentabilidade do acesso. Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar as principais características dos anticorpos monoclonais, destinados ao tratamento de câncer, com registro sanitário ativo, no Brasil, em 2016. Tratou-se de uma análise descritiva retrospectiva a partir de consulta à página de Internet da Agência Nacional de Vigilância Sanitária (Anvisa), em que esses mABs foram caracterizados de acordo com antígeno-alvo, tipo de anticorpo, ano de registro, indicações terapêuticas e empresa detentora do registro. Foram identificados 14 anticorpos com ação em sete antígenos-alvo diferentes. No que diz respeito às indicações clínicas, houve uma maior frequência de linfomas, leucemias, câncer de mama e câncer colorretal. Quanto ao tipo, foram identificados três anticorpos quiméricos, seis humanizados e cinco humanos. A Roche apareceu como a empresa detentora do registro de 6 dos 14 mABs, o que representa 43% dos registros sanitários. Foi possível, a partir desses dados, discutir a ideia de medicamentos me-too no mercado de biológicos, assim como pensar as tensões existentes nesse mercado e a ideia de oligopólio diferenciado. Apesar do desenvolvimento de novos produtos, ainda que para atuar em um mesmo alvo, representar a possibilidade de um incremento competitivo e, com isso, de uma diminuição dos preços praticados pelas empresas torna-se um problema quando é a mesma empresa que lança no mercado novos anticorpos direcionados ao mesmo alvo, sem mudanças relevantes.
Homicides and socio-environmental determinants of health in Brazil: a systematic literature review
Authors: Wanzinack Clovis , Signorelli Marcos Claudio , Reis Clóvis
Published: November 2018

Abstract: Brazil currently has the highest absolute number of homicides in the world, which results from a complex range of factors. This study aimed at understanding the associations between socio-environmental determinants of health (SDH) and homicides in Brazil through a systematic literature review. The review followed PRISMA guidelines, selecting quantitative and qualitative studies published in Portuguese, English, and Spanish carried out between 2002 and 2017, available in the PubMed, MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO and BVS-BIREME databases. Two trilingual reviewers tracked studies independently by basing on the eligibility criteria. We critically assessed the selected studies with the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) or the Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies, depending on the study design. We considered 60 studies and grouped their SDH into categories to develop a narrative synthesis about each SDH. These categories were: territory; race/ethnicity; gender; age; social inequalities and economic factors; development; education; work and employment; drugs and trafficking; other SDH. We found some SDH were more associated with homicides, such as being young, black, male, of low education level, and also people who lived in places of high social inequality, such as urban suburbs and agricultural frontiers. Unemployment and drug trafficking, as well as intersections between various SDH were also prominent. Education seems to be a protective factor for homicide. Despite the limited capacity of interpretation due to the high range of methodological approaches, this review shows the importance of considering SDH and their intersections when developing homicide prevention policies.
Validade da autorreferência de colesterol elevado na cidade de São Paulo, Brasil, e fatores associados à sensibilidade dessa informação
Authors: Fontanelli Mariane de Mello , Nogueira Luana Romão , Garcez Marcela Riccioppo , Sales Cristiane Hermes , Corrente José Eduardo , César Chester Luiz Galvão , Goldbaum Moisés , Fisberg Regina Mara
Published: November 2018

O objetivo do presente estudo foi validar a autorreferência de colesterol elevado em residentes de São Paulo, Brasil, e verificar os fatores associados à sensibilidade dessa informação. Foram utilizados dados do Inquérito de Saúde de São Paulo de 2015, estudo transversal de base populacional com amostra probabilística de residentes do município. Foram incluídos 886 indivíduos com informações do questionário estruturado, dosagem de colesterol total e frações ou que referiram tratamento farmacológico do colesterol elevado. A validade da informação autorreferida de colesterol elevado foi determinada por meio da sensibilidade, especificidade, valores preditivos positivo (VPP) e negativo (VPN) e kappa, considerando as dosagens de colesterol total e LDL-c e o tratamento farmacológico como padrão-ouro. Modelos de regressão logística foram realizados a fim de investigar os fatores associados à sensibilidade dessa informação. A sensibilidade da informação de colesterol elevado tendo em conta o colesterol total como referência foi de 50,6%, a especificidade de 90,19%, VPP de 51,64%, VPN de 89,82% e kappa de 0,41. Considerando o LDL-c como padrão-ouro, a sensibilidade foi 53,52%, a especificidade 89,93%, o VPP 49,22%, o VPN 91,39% e kappa 0,43. Utilizando a dosagem de colesterol total como referência, a idade (OR = 1,69; IC95%: 1,24-2,29) e o plano de saúde (OR = 2,91; IC95%: 1,06-7,99) se associaram à sensibilidade dessa informação. Considerando a dosagem de LDL-c como padrão-ouro, a idade (OR = 1,71; IC95%: 1,13-2,57), o tabagismo (OR = 3,33; IC95%: 1,08-10,27) e o plano de saúde (OR = 3,64; IC95%: 1,10-12,08) foram associados à sensibilidade dessa informação. Os resultados indicam baixa sensibilidade e VPP da autorreferência do colesterol elevado em residentes de São Paulo.
Sarcopenia e sua associação com mudanças nos fatores socioeconômicos, comportamentais e de saúde: Estudo EpiFloripa Idoso
Authors: Confortin Susana Cararo , Ono Lariane Mortean , Barbosa Aline Rodrigues , d’Orsi Eleonora
Published: November 2018

Resumo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar a prevalência de sarcopenia e sua associação com mudanças nos fatores socioeconômicos, comportamentais e de saúde em idosos. O trabalho, longitudinal e de base populacional, incluiu 598 idosos (≥ 60 anos) de Florianópolis, Sul do Brasil. A sarcopenia foi identificada por meio do índice de massa muscular apendicular (IMMA), de acordo com o sexo (IMMA < 7,26kg/m² para homens e < 5,5kg/m² para mulheres). Foram avaliadas as mudanças ocorridas entre os dois momentos do estudo (2009/2010 e 2013/2014), relativas aos fatores socioeconômicos, comportamentais e de saúde. Foram realizadas análises de regressão logística bruta e ajustada. A prevalência de sarcopenia foi de 17% (IC95%: 12,4-22,9) nas mulheres e de 28,8% (IC95%: 21,3-37,7) nos homens. No modelo final, as mulheres que se mantiveram ingerindo ou passaram a ingerir álcool (OR = 0,31; IC95%: 0,11-0,91) apresentaram menor chance de ter sarcopenia. Aquelas que permaneceram fumando ou passaram a fumar (OR = 2,55; IC95%: 1,16-5,58) e se mantiveram ou passaram a ser insuficientemente ativas (OR = 2,90; IC95%: 1,44-5,84) apresentaram mais chance de ter sarcopenia. Para os homens, nenhuma variável de mudança foi associada a sarcopenia. Os resultados sugerem que manter-se fumando ou passar a ter o hábito de fumar, assim como permanecer ou passar a ser inativo fisicamente, são fatores de risco preveníveis e modificáveis para a sarcopenia.
A preguiça como explicação da inatividade física: comentários e reflexões sobre discrepâncias entre as evidências científicas e o discurso jornalístico
Authors: Loch Mathias Roberto , Guerra Paulo Henrique
Published: November 2018

Este ensaio busca apresentar elementos para a reflexão sobre discrepâncias entre as evidências científicas produzidas a respeito dos fatores associados e determinantes da inatividade física e as informações que são passadas pela mídia a respeito desse assunto, mais especificamente em um caso em que a “preguiça” foi utilizada como fator “explicativo” para os elevados níveis de inatividade física na população brasileira. Utilizamos, como exemplos, um artigo científico publicado na Nature e duas reportagens veiculadas em canais de comunicação brasileiros de grande alcance (revista Veja e jornal O Globo), que o repercutiram. Foram observadas importantes incoerências entre o conteúdo do artigo da Nature e os títulos das reportagens analisadas, de forma que essas simplificaram um problema real e complexo (os altos níveis de inatividade física no Brasil), dando a entender que a “preguiça” seria o motivo para o Brasil estar mal posicionado em um ranking internacional de prática de atividade física. Destacamos a necessidade de os meios de comunicação em massa buscarem uma melhor contextualização das informações que repercutem, pois, quando isso não ocorre, o impacto pode ser mais negativo do que positivo, principalmente quando constroem ou reforçam concepções equivocadas. No caso da inatividade física, isto é potencialmente grave no sentido de que pode legitimar a falta de investimentos em ações voltadas ao seu enfrentamento, pois, uma vez que a inatividade física passa a ser interpretada como uma mera questão de “preguiça”, perde-se boa parte do sentido de se investir na modificação de diversos determinantes desse problema de saúde pública.
Aprendizagem Observacional em Crianças com Autismo: Efeitos do Ensino de Respostas de Monitoramento via Videomodelação
Authors: Brasilense Izabel Cristina da Silva , Flores Eileen Pfeiffer , Barros Romariz da Silva , Souza Carlos Barbosa Alves de
Published: November 2018

Resumo O presente estudo investigou o estabelecimento de respostas de monitoramento via videomodelação em duas crianças com transtorno do espectro autista e se essas respostas favoreceriam a aprendizagem observacional de tatos e textuais nessas crianças. Foram realizados pré e pós-testes de aprendizagem observacional via videomodelação. O treino de monitoramento foi realizado em três etapas: (1) ensino da resposta de monitoramento; (2) desenvolvimento de controle do responder do participante pelo responder do modelo e (3) controle do responder do participante pela consequência para o modelo. As duas crianças aprenderam a resposta de monitoramento em quatro sessões e houve a aquisição de tatos e textuais por aprendizagem observacional para um dos participantes. Discute-se o potencial da videomodelação para treinar comportamentos precorrentes necessários para a aprendizagem observacional.
Concepções Pessoais de Competência e Rendimento Acadêmico: Estudo Longitudinal no Ensino Secundário Português
Authors: Stocker Joana , Faria Luisa
Published: November 2018

Resumo As concepções pessoais de competência (CPC) influenciam o rendimento escolar e/ou o contrário? Com base nesse questionamento, neste estudo pretendeu-se analisar a relação entre CPC (concepções pessoais de inteligência, atribuições causais, autoconceito, autoeficácia e competência emocional) e o rendimento escolar ao longo do ensino secundário, especificamente em Português. Com esse objetivo, administrou-se o Questionário Compósito de Competência Percebida (162 itens) para 433 alunos, entre os quais estão 52,8% de meninas com idade entre 14 e 18 anos (M=15,3; DP=0,63), num desenho longitudinal com três momentos separados por um ano de intervalo. Globalmente, os resultados revelaram relações recíprocas: o rendimento de um ano influenciou as CPC no ano seguinte e o autoconceito e a autoeficácia foram os principais preditores do rendimento escolar.
Qualidade de Vida Familiar na Deficiência Intelectual: Revisão Sistemática de Estudos
Authors: Correia Raquel Alveirinho , Seabra-Santos Maria João
Published: November 2018

Resumo A qualidade de vida familiar (QdVF) em famílias de pessoas com deficiência intelectual (DI) tem interessado investigadores, sugerindo potencialidades em termos de avaliação e intervenção. O presente artigo realizou uma revisão sistemática dos estudos empíricos que analisam a QdVF em famílias de pessoas com DI. Efetuou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica num portal de bases de dados e recorreu-se a critérios de inclusão previamente definidos. Do total de 32 estudos selecionados, 15 recorreram ao instrumento FQOLS-2006, focando-se na análise das dimensões e domínios da mesma; 11 ao Beach Center FQOL Survey, relacionando o constructo com diversas variáveis; e seis a outras formas de avaliação, essencialmente qualitativas. Assim, a QdVF mostra-se pertinente para compreender e intervir com famílias de pessoas com DI.
Maconha e Representações Sociais em Matérias de Jornal
Authors: Sousa Yuri Sá Oliveira , Santos Maria de Fátima de Souza , Aléssio Renata Lira dos Santos
Published: November 2018

Resumo A maconha é um objeto social polêmico e polissêmico no contexto brasileiro, sendo constantemente debatida em produções midiáticas. A pesquisa objetivou analisar a construção de representações sociais da maconha a partir de 489 matérias do jornal Folha de S. Paulo (2010-2012). Os dados foram tratados com o software ALCESTE e analisados a partir de seis campos léxicos organizados em dois eixos temáticos: repressão policial ao tráfico de drogas e tensões normativas do uso medicinal e recreativo. Os discursos suscitam dimensões individuais e coletivas relacionadas ao status legal do objeto, seus usos e formas de controle social - coercivas e normativas -, que inscrevem simbolicamente a maconha em disputas sociais de identidades, práticas e instituições.
In Vitro Analysis of the Cytotoxicity of Indirect Restorative Materials
Authors: Scelza Miriam Zaccaro , Caldas Isleine Portal , Mattos Jhony Medeiros de , Oliveira Felipe , Carvalho Waldimir , Alves Gutemberg Gomes
Published: November 2018

Abstract This study aimed to compare the cytotoxicity of the Vita AC12, Lava Ultimate, Vita Enamic and InSync indirect restorative materials. Extracts of each material were prepared by incubation for 1, 7 and 40 days, with daily washing. Human gingival fibroblasts were exposed to the extracts, and cell viability was evaluated by sequential assessment of mitochondrial activity (XTT), membrane integrity (NRU) and cell density (CVDE). Extracts of polystyrene beads and latex fragments were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. Differences between groups and experimental times were evaluated by analysis of variance. At the 24 h extraction, significant differences between the control and both Vita AC-12 and InSync were observed in the XTT assay (p<0.05), and between the control and both Enamic and Lava Ultimate, in the CVDE assay (p<0.05). AC12, Lava Ultimate, and InSync presented significantly lower cell viability than Enamic and the control group, in the NRU assay (p<0.05). The Vita Enamic and Lava Ultimate hybrid ceramic-like materials presented better biocompatibility at the 24 h extraction time point than the AC12 and InSync ceramic materials. However, a simulation of the removal of toxic components by biological fluids, conducted by using longer extraction times and daily washing, led to the absence of cytotoxicity in all the tested restorative materials. These findings can be viewed as positive for the clinical indication of these restorative materials, considering their contact with adjacent soft tissues for extended periods of time.