bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Endothelial Dysfunction Could Be a Cause of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction Development in a Rat Model
Authors: Dupas Thomas , Pelé Thomas , Dhot Justine , Burban Mélanie , Persello Antoine , Aillerie Virginie , Erraud Angélique , Tesse Angela , Stevant David , Blangy-Letheule Angélique , Menguy Céline , Sauzeau Vincent , De Waard Michel , Rozec Bertrand , Gauthier Chantal , Lauzier Benjamin
Published: May 2022

50% of patients with heart failure have a preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Numerous studies have investigated the pathophysiological mechanisms of HFpEF and have shown that endothelial dysfunction plays an important role in HFpEF. Yet no studies answered whether endothelial dysfunction could be the cause or is the consequence of HFpEF. Recently, we have shown that the endothelial overexpression of human β3-adrenoreceptor (Tgβ3) in rats leads to the slow development of diastolic dysfunction over ageing. The aim of the study is to decipher the involvement of endothelial dysfunction in the HFpEF development. For that, we investigated endothelial and cardiac function in 15-, 30-, and 45-week-old wild-type (WT) and Tgβ3 rats. The aortic expression of •NO synthase (NOS) isoforms was evaluated by Western blot. Finally, electron paramagnetic resonance measurements were performed on aortas to evaluate •NO and O2•- production. Vascular reactivity was altered as early as 15 weeks of age in response to isoproterenol in Tgβ3 aortas and mesenteric arteries. NOS1 (neuronal NOS) expression was higher in the Tgβ3 aorta at 30 and 45 weeks of age (30 weeks: WT:

1.00
±
0.21

; Tgβ3:

6.08
±
2.30

; 45 weeks: WT:

1.00
±
0.12

; Tgβ3:

1.55
±
0.17

;

p
<
0.05

). Interestingly, the endothelial NOS (NOS3) monomer form is increased in Tgβ3 rats at 45 weeks of age (ratio NOS3 dimer/NOS3 monomer; WT:

1.00
±
0.37

; Tgβ3:

0.13
±
0.05

;

p
<
0.05

). Aortic •NO production was increased by NOS2 (inducible NOS) at 15 weeks of age in Tgβ3 rats (+52% vs. WT). Aortic O2•- production was increased in Tgβ3 rats at 30 and 45 weeks of age (+75% and+76%, respectively, vs. WT,

p
<
0.05

). We have shown that endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress are present as early as 15 weeks of age and therefore conclude that endothelial dysfunction could be a cause of HFpEF development.
Investigating the Relationship between Big Five Personality Traits and Sports Performance among Disabled Athletes
Authors: Zar Abdossaleh , Reza Sadeghipour Hamid , Ahmadi Fatemeh , Nikolaidis Pantelis T. , Safari Mohammad Amin , Keshazarz Mohammad Hassan , Ramsbottom Roger
Published: May 2022

Awareness of the psychological issues of different groups of society can help in the management of sports programs and thus improve their athletic performance. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the big five personality traits and the sports performance of disabled athletes in team sports. Three hundred and seventy‐six team athletes participated in the study. Subjects completed a questionnaire of five major personality factors, and based on the information available on the provincial boards and the Veterans and Disabled Federation, the positions obtained by each athlete were considered as a criterion for sports performance. There was a significant relationship between the flexibility factor for men and women (r = 0.123, p = 0.017), neuroticism (r = 0.114, p = 0.027), adaptation (r = 0.171, p = 0.001), extraversion (r = 0.157, p = 0.002), duty orientation (r = 0.104, p = 0.045), and sports performance at a national level. There was a significant relationship between neuroticism (r = 0.142, p = 0.006), adaptation (r = 0.133, p = 0.010), extraversion (r = 0.163, p = 0.002), and duty orientation (r = 0.130, p = 0.011) with sports performance at a provincial level. There was a significant relationship between neuroticism (r = 0.156, p = 0.002), extraversion (r = 0.168, p = 0.001), duty orientation (r = 0.182, p = 0.001), and sports performance at international level. Disabled athletes seem to have above‐average performance scores in most personality factors, which can improve their physical health and increase their success in sports.
Combined Damped Sinusoidal Oscillation Solutions to the (3 + 1)-D Variable-Coefficient Generalized NLW Equation in Liquid with Gas Bubbles
Authors: Wang Xiuwang , Manafian Jalil , Mahendra Wayan Eka , Abed Azher M. , Mahmoud Mustafa Z. , Liang Guizhen
Published: May 2022

This paper investigates the combined damped sinusoidal oscillation solutions to the

3
+
1

-D variable-coefficient (VC) generalized nonlinear wave equation. The bilinear form is considered in terms of Hirota derivatives. Accordingly, we utilize a binary Bell polynomial transformation for reducing the Cole-Hopf algorithm to get the exact solutions of the VC generalized NLW equation. The damped sinusoidal oscillations for two cases of the nonlinear wave ordinary differential equation will be studied. Using suitable mathematical assumptions, the novel kinds of solitary, periodic, and singular soliton solutions are derived and established in view of the trigonometric and rational functions of the governing equation. To achieve this, the illustrative example of the VC generalized nonlinear wave equation is provided to demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of the procedure used in this study. The trajectory solutions of the traveling waves are shown explicitly and graphically. The effect of the free parameters on the behavior of acquired figures of a few obtained solutions for two nonlinear rational exact cases was also discussed. By comparing the proposed method with the other existing methods, the results show that the execution of this method is concise, simple, and straightforward.
A Multimixed Strategy Improved Sparrow Search Algorithm and Its Application in TSP
Authors: Li Weizheng , Zhang Mengjian , Zhang Jing , Qin Tao , Wei Wei , Yang Jing
Published: May 2022

Aiming at the shortcomings of the sparrow search algorithm (SSA), such as falling into local optimum and slow convergence speed, an improved sparrow search algorithm based on multimixed strategy (MISSA) is proposed in this paper. In the initial stage, the iterative chaotic mapping is used to initialize the population in order to improve the diversity of population. In the foraging stage, the golden sine algorithm and nonlinear convergence factor strategy are introduced to optimize the discoverer-follower model, which make search process more comprehensive and extensive for the discoverer. The elite opposition-based learning strategy is used to update the optimal solution and the population obtained in each iteration to improve the self-learning ability of the algorithm. To verify the rationality of the multimixed strategy selection and efficiency of the proposed algorithm, MISSA is compared with three derived single-strategy improved algorithms, other improved SSAs, and five typical swarm intelligence algorithms using ten basic benchmark functions and CEC 2014 function. The optimization results, diversity analysis, and Wilcoxon rank-sum test results certify that the proposed MISSA has better optimization accuracy, convergence speed, and robustness than other compared methods. Moreover, the practicability and feasibility of MISSA are veriﬁed by solving the traveling salesman problem (TSP).
Machine Learning-Based Improvement of Musical Digital Processing Technology on Musical Performance
Authors: Sun Lingyang , Sohail Mishal
Published: May 2022

The modern stage focuses more on structural changes, and the numerical control technology realizes the complex changes of the stage scenes and the precise movement of stage props. The study object in this article is musical drama, and it uses digital technologies to digitally manipulate the soundtrack. This study offers a low-complexity feature space minimal variance algorithm that combines the power approach to address the concerns of inadequate resolution improvement, excessive complexity, poor real-time performance, and low resilience of standard MV methods. The method has a high resolution, low complexity, and great resilience, and it may be utilized in a variety of stages. In addition, this paper combines digital technology to process music, enhances the promotion of music in musical performances, and allows performers to integrate in more effectively. Finally, through experimental research, it can be known that the music digital processing technology proposed in this paper can play a good role in promoting musical performances.
Evolutionary Traits and Genomic Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in South America
Authors: Ortiz-Pineda Pablo A. , Sierra-Torres Carlos H.
Published: May 2022

Since the zoonotic event from which SARS-CoV-2 started infecting humans late in 2019, the virus has caused more than 5 million deaths and has infected over 500 million people around the world. The pandemic has had a severe impact on social and economic activities, with greater repercussions in low-income countries. South America, with almost 5% of the world’s population, has reckoned with almost a fifth of the total people infected and more than 26% (>1/4) of the deceased. Fortunately, the full genome structure and sequence of SARS-CoV-2 have been rapidly obtained and studied thanks to all the scientific efforts and data sharing around the world. Such molecular analysis of SARS-CoV-2 dynamics showed that rates of mutation, similar to other members of the Coronaviridae family, along with natural selection forces, could result in the emergence of new variants; few of them might be of high consequence. However, this is a serious threat to controlling the pandemic and, of course, enduring the process of returning to normalization with the implicit monetary cost of such a contingency. The lack of updated knowledge in South America justifies the need to develop a structured genomic surveillance program of current and emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. The modeling of the molecular events and microevolution of the virus will contribute to making better decisions on public health management of the pandemic and developing accurate treatments and more efficient vaccines.
Dynamic Guidance Strategy for Pedestrian Travel in Large-Scale Activity under Harsh Environment
Authors: Huang Wenbo , Chen Yanyan , Chai Shushan , Bi Huibo
Published: May 2022

Large-scale activities such as the Winter Olympics are usually held in areas with low temperature or other harsh environments, which greatly affects the spectating experience of pedestrians. In order to improve the travel efficiency and reduce the safety risk of pedestrians, an adaptive information-distribution strategy of VMS (variable message sign) for road networks is proposed to guide the pedestrians. In the proposed strategy, the dynamic feedback mechanism between the VMS information distribution and the state of crowded pedestrians is established, and the dynamic optimization model of the VMS information release layout is formulated. To evaluate the effectiveness of the strategy, a multiagent-based simulation method is proposed. Through numerical simulation, it is found that the guidance strategy can improve the movement efficiency by adjusting releasing duration of VMS information or improving the information obedience rate of pedestrians. In this paper, a large-scale competition area in the Xiaohaituo Mountain in Beijing was taken as an example to simulate the scenarios of ingress and egress with and without the strategy. The results show that the average walking time and the road congestion can be significantly reduced in the road network with the strategy, and the proportion of pedestrians with shorter travel time can be increased. Therefore, the research can provide theoretical foundation and data support for managers to guide passenger flows and improve the spectating experience.
The Application of Artificial Intelligence Technology in Art Teaching Taking Architectural Painting as an Example
Authors: Li Jing , Zhang Bingyu
Published: May 2022

In the current era of technology, artificial intelligence has grown rapidly in such a way that it has established its presence in all fields. The purpose of artificial intelligence is to reduce human intervention and complete tasks with an enhanced result. In this research, we are going to study the application of artificial intelligence technology in art teaching, taking architectural painting as an example. Architectural painting is a type of painting that focuses only on architecture, including indoor and outdoor views of the buildings. In earlier stages, architecture was shown only in the background of paintings that had different objects as the main subject. Later, architecture itself became a mainstream genre in the field of painting. As has been shown by other researchers, the latest technologies such as Internet technology, wireless sensor networks (WSNs), and artificial intelligence like deep learning technologies are deployed in art teaching. Artificial intelligence has made teaching easier. This proposed system makes use of Internet technology, WSNs, artificial intelligence, and lightweight deep learning models in the field of art teaching. The teaching method is enhanced by adapting to this new technology. For performing the analysis of the proposed system, the Limited Broyden–Fletcher–Goldfarb–Shanno (L-BFGS) art algorithm is implemented. This L-BFGS algorithm focuses on finding the local minima in any given application. In this art teaching of architectural painting, the proposed algorithm will aid in explaining the minute works to be noted while doing the artwork. The proposed algorithm is then compared with the traditional Gradient Descent, Adam, and Adadelta algorithms. From the results, it can be observed that the proposed algorithm has achieved accuracy of 97% and 98% in the training and testing phases, respectively.
On the Solution of Fractional Order KdV Equation and Its Periodicity on Bounded Domain Using Radial Basis Functions
Authors: Uddin Marjan , Jan Hameed Ullah , Usman Muhammad
Published: May 2022

The Coimbra concept of fractional order derivative is used to build a numerical approach using radial functions in this paper. The Coimbra derivative is capable of modelling a dynamic system with varying fractional order behaviour over time. The proposed scheme’s stability and convergence are investigated. In one and two space dimensions, the developed approach is validated for the given model. By applying a periodic boundary condition on a bounded domain, the model’s periodicity is shown statistically. The acquired findings demonstrate the new numerical scheme’s potency and, as a result, its high order accuracy.
A Deep Domain-Adversarial Transfer Fault Diagnosis Method for Rolling Bearing Based on Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition
Authors: Yu Xiao , Xia Bing , Yang Shuxin , Yin Hongshen , Wang Yajie , Liu Xiaowen
Published: May 2022

In recent years, the deep learning-based fault diagnosis methods for rotating mechanical equipment have attracted great concern. However, because the data feature distributions present differences in applications with varying working conditions, the deep learning models cannot provide satisfactory performance of fault prediction in such scenarios. To address this problem, this paper proposes a domain adversarial-based rolling bearing fault transfer diagnosis model EMBRNDNMD. First of all, an EEMD-based time-frequency feature graph (EEMD-TFFG) construction method is proposed, and the time-frequency information of nonlinear nonstationary vibration signal is extracted; secondly, a multi-branch ResNet (MBRN) structure is designed, which is used to extract deep features representing the bearing state from EEMD-TFFG; finally, to solve the model domain adaptation transfer problem under varying working conditions, the adversarial network module and MK-MMD distribution difference evaluation method are introduced to optimize MBRN, so as to reduce the probability distribution difference between the deep features of source domain and target domain, and to improve the accuracy of EMBRNDNMD in state diagnosis of target domain. The results of experiments carried out on two bearing fault test platforms prove that EMBRNDNMD can maintain an average accuracy above 97% in fault transfer diagnosis tasks, and this method also has high stability and strong ability of scene adaptation.
Computer Network Information System Security Prevention Methods under the Background of Big Data
Authors: Cai Zhongmin , Li Chenglong
Published: May 2022

With the rapid development of modern society, the administrative information content rapid growth of e-government information resource sharing becomes the key of the government departments for effective social management. The cloud technology Internet big data are widely used and popular, which enable information resources to be shared among government data and are both an opportunity and challenge for effective e-government information resource sharing. It is of great significance to enhance government credibility. Information security risk assessment is a comprehensive evaluation of the potential risk of an uncertain stochastic process, traditional evaluation methods are deterministic models, and it is difficult to measure the security risk of uncertainty. On the other hand, with the opening and complexity of information system business functions, the nonlinearity and complexity of evaluation calculation also increase. By studying the relatively mature assessment criteria and methods in the field of information security, this study analyzes the information security status of small Internet of Things system based on the characteristics of Internet of Things information security. Combining the latest research results of information entropy neural network and other fields with the original risk assessment methods, the improved AHP information security risk assessment model is verified by simulation examples.
[Retracted] Employee Productivity Is Boosted Psychologically by Keeping Attendance System, CSR, Entrepreneurial Intentions, and Machine Learning Behavior
Authors: Sun Yongliang
Published: May 2022

This paper aims to explore the impact of maintaining an attendance system, CSR, entrepreneurial intention, and machine learning behavior on psychological improvement and employee productivity. The paper utilizes both primary and secondary research to explore the relationship between the variables under consideration. The findings show that CSR has a positive impact on the performance of an employee. The machine learning behavior allows employees to select the right career paths that result in high performance, satisfaction, and productivity. In addition, entrepreneurial intentions improve the productivity of employees within an organization as they desire to create new core values. The attendance management system also positively influences employee productivity as it improves the physiological presence of employees.
Predicted Fat Mass, Lean Body Mass, and Risk of Hypertension: Results from a Chinese Male Cohort Study
Authors: Li Mingli , Lin Jiali , Liang Shuang , Huang Shengzhu , Wen Zheng , Mo Zengnan
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Few studies have deciphered whether lean body mass (LBM) or fat mass (FM) is predominantly responsible for the body mass index (BMI)-hypertension association. This study aimed to assess the associations of predicted LBM and FM with hypertension risk among Chinese male adults. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted among 2,812 male participants free of hypertension in the Fangchenggang Area Males Health and Examination Survey in 2009. We performed multivariable Cox models and restricted cubic spline to examine the associations of predicted LBM and FM and BMI with hypertension, and to further explore the mediating roles of lipid and glycemic traits in the relationship between predicted FM and blood pressure. Results: Of 1,238 participants included in the cohort study, 306 (24.8%) hypertension cases were identified during a median follow-up of 3.8 years, with an incidence rate of 7.0 per 100 person-years. A positive linear-shaped association was consistently observed between BMI and hypertension (p for trend <0.001). Multivariable-adjusted Cox models including predicted LBM and FM observed a positive association between predicted FM and hypertension. Compared with those in the lowest quartile of predicted FM, men in the highest quartile had a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.83 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.13–2.97) for hypertension. The HR per standard deviation increase of BMI and predicted FM was 1.11 (95% CI: 1.04–1.19) above 23.1 kg/m2 and 1.05 (95% CI: 1.02–1.15) above 14.6 kg, respectively. However, predicted LBM was not associated with hypertension. In addition, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) mediated the relationship of predicted FM with systolic blood pressure, with a mediation ratio of 37.1% and 8.2%, respectively. Furthermore, total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) positively mediated the association of predicted FM with diastolic blood pressure, with a mediation ratio of 9.5% and 9.9%, respectively. Conclusion: Higher predicted FM might play a central role in the positive linear relationship of the BMI-hypertension association in Chinese male adults, and the link from predicted FM to blood pressure was partially mediated by TC, TG, HDL-c, and FBG.
Predictive Ability of Systemic Inflammation Response Index for the Risk of Pneumonia in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Yan Dan , Dai Caijun , Xu Ruoting , Huang Qiqi , Ren Wenwei
Published: May 2022

Introduction: Several studies have examined the crucial role of inflammatory indexes such as the ratio of monocyte and lymphocyte (MLR), systemic-immune-inflammation-index, and the ratio of neutrophil and lymphocyte (NLR) in stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP). However, the function of the systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) in SAP is not known. This study investigated whether SIRI at admission could predict the incidence of SAP in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Patients and Methods: 2,802 AIS patients collected from 2013 to 2021 were divided into the SAP and non-SAP groups. The predictive performance of SIRI in SAP was evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic curve. Multivariate regression analysis and the restricted cubic spline (RCS) were performed to explore the relationship between SIRI and SAP risk. Results: The SIRI at admission in SAP patients was significantly higher than that in non-SAP patients (median [IQR]: 3.75 [2.05, 6.99] vs. 1.51 [0.94, 2.62], p < 0.001). SIRI had a predictive ability for predicting the incidence of SAP with area under the curve of 0.757, better than NLR and MLR (both p < 0.05). SIRI ≥2.74 was an independent risk factor for the incidence of SAP (odds ratio: 5.82, 95% confidence interval: 4.54, 7.49, p < 0.001). The RCS model showed an increasing trend of the SAP risk with the increase of SIRI. Conclusion: SIRI showed a good predictive value for SAP. In clinical practice, AIS patients with high SIRI levels (SIRI ≥2.74) should be aware of the risk of SAP.
Antidepressants Are Poor Inhibitors of Heat-Evoked Ion Currents Mediated by TRPM2
Authors: Bracke Franziska , Frieling Helge , Leffler Andreas
Published: May 2022

Introduction: The heat and redox-sensitive ion channel TRPM2 was reported to be a causative mechanism for depression in a mouse model and to be upregulated in the hippocampus in patients suffering from depressive disorders. TRPM2 may thus be a novel target for antidepressants, but so far, selective TRPM2-inhibitors have not yet been developed. In this in vitro study, we examined the inhibitory effects of several established antidepressants on heat-evoked inward currents of TRPM2. Methods: Human (h) TRPM2 expressed in HEK293 cells was examined by means of whole-cell patch clamp recordings. Effects of duloxetine, amitriptyline, sertraline, fluoxetine, paroxetine, citalopram, escitalopram, ketamine, pregabalin, lidocaine, and QX-314 were explored on heat-evoked currents in cells pretreated with ADP-ribose (ADPR). Results: While inward currents induced by 1 mM ADPR in the pipette solution displayed a strong rundown hampering pharmacological experiments, heat-evoked currents in cells loaded with 200 μM APDR remained stable upon repetitive activation. Among all substances examined, only inhibition induced by duloxetine displayed a clear concentration-dependency. Thirty micromolar duloxetine was required for 50% inhibition, the same degree of inhibition was also induced by 30 μM amitriptyline, fluoxetine, and paroxetine. While citalopram, escitalopram, ketamine, and pregabalin failed to robustly modify TRPM2, sertraline and low concentrations of lidocaine even potentiated heat-evoked currents. Conclusion: Our data indicate that some, but not all established antidepressants inhibit hTRPM2 when it is activated by heat and ADPR in vitro, e.g., presumably relevant endogenous agonists. However, none of the examined substances exhibited a potent inhibition which is likely to translate into a clinically relevant effect at effective plasma concentrations. Whether or not TRPM2 may be a relevant target for antidepressants cannot be conclusively assessed by a single in vitro study, thus further studies are required along these lines. Nevertheless, future studies may get simplified by the novel approach we developed for in vitro pharmacological analysis of TRPM2.
A review on notification sending methods to the recipients in different technology-based women safety solutions
Authors: Kabir A. Z. M. Tahmidul , Mizan Al Mamun , Saha Plabon Kumar , Debnath Nirmal , Tasneem Tasnuva
Published: May 2022

Women have progressed a lot in terms of social empowerment and economics. They are going for higher education, jobs, and many other similar endeavors, but harassment cases have also been on the rise. So, women’s safety is a big concern nowadays, especially in developing countries. Many previous studies and attempts were made to create a feasible safety solution for women. Out of various features to ensure women’s safety in critical situations, location tracking is a very common and key feature in most previously proposed solutions. This study found mechanisms of sending the location to different types of recipients in various women safety solutions. In addition, the advantages and drawbacks of location sending methods in women's safety solutions were analyzed.
Judicialização dos direitos humanos, lutas por reconhecimento e políticas públicas no Brasil: configurações de sujeito
Authors: Rifiotis Theophilos
Published: May 2022

O ponto de partida e o eixo argumentativo do presente texto é a questão do sujeito dos direitos. Trata-se de uma questão central nos debates sobre a construção da “cultura dos Direitos Humanos” que tem sido negligenciada, deixando em aberto todo um campo de reflexão sobre a dimensão vivencial dos sujeitos. Considero o sujeito dos direitos como um projeto político e analítico, urgente e fundamental, para o atual momento de consolidação dos Direitos Humanos no Brasil, e gostaria aqui de defender uma vez mais a necessidade de pesquisas sobre os sujeitos sócio-históricos a partir dos quais são construídas e apropriadas valorizações e simbolizações que formam o leque de leituras dos Direitos Humanos. Entendo que trazer estas questões para o debate é um modo de superar antagonismos e dicotomias e procurar ser mais efetivo no projeto de uma “cultura da paz”. Além do mais, a própria ideia de “cultura da paz” prescinde de uma noção dinâmica e complexa de cultura, supere a noção de repertório e de variável a ser analisada. Considera-se, minimamente, que a cultura seja entendida como um “arranjo” em que os sujeitos atuam dando e criando significados para a sua ação.
O constrangimento da forma: transformação e (anti-)hibridez entre os Karajá de Buridina (Aruanã - GO)
Authors: Nunes Eduardo Soares
Published: May 2022

Este artigo explora dois contextos de produção das pessoas misturadas dos Karajá de Buridina, pessoas internamente repartidas entre uma “metade indígena” e uma “metade não indígena”. Nesses dois contextos, o artesanato e a pesca, elementos indígenas e não indígenas se fazem simultaneamente presentes, mas, dependendo de qual aspecto os Karajá enfocam, ou seja, dependendo de qual relação é ativada, e de que maneira, cada ação evidencia um conjunto específico de disposições corporais, karajá ou brancas. Esses indígenas reconhecem muitas rupturas em relação ao modo de vida dos antigos, mas como, sob que forma, essas transformações aparecem para eles? Meu argumento, nesse artigo, é que elas não aparecem como uma nova forma de vida karajá, mas como a coexistência de duas formas de vida, uma indígena e outra branca. A mistura, para os Karajá, é uma forma de relação que não gera híbridos. Concluo fazendo alguns comentários sobre o caráter totalizante da transformação.
Michel Agier | Antropologia da Cidade: Lugares, Situações, Movimentos
Authors: Aderaldo Guilhermo
Published: May 2022

AGIER, Michel. Antropologia da Cidade: Lugares, Situações, Movimentos. Tradução de Graça Índias Cordeiro. São Paulo, Editora Terceiro Nome, 2011 [2009], 213 pp.
Jonathan D. Hill & Jean-Pierre Chaumeil (Orgs) | Burst of Breath: New Research on Indigenous Ritual Wind Instruments in Lowland South America
Authors: Lacerda Izomar , Hoffmann Kaio Domingues
Published: May 2022

HILL, Jonathan D. & CHAUMEIL, Jean-Pierre (Orgs). Burst of Breath: New Research on Indigenous Ritual Wind Instruments in Lowland South America. Lincoln: University of Nebraska, 2011, 440 pp.
Silvia Citro & Patricia Aschieri (Coord.) | Cuerpos en Movimiento. Antropología de y desde las Danzas.
Authors: Broguet Julia
Published: May 2022

CITRO, Silvia & ASCHIERI, Patricia (Coord.). Cuerpos en Movimiento. Antropología de y desde las Danzas. Buenos Aires, Biblos, 2012, 344 pp.
Vigiar e narrar: sobre formas de observação, narração e julgamento de movimentações
Authors: Comerford John
Published: May 2022

A partir de pesquisas em duas regiões rurais de Minas Gerais, este artigo aborda modalidades de movimentação e de observação mútua no cotidiano de comunidades morais multilocalizadas. Aborda também as formas narrativas e as dinâmicas de julgamento moral indissociáveis de tais modalidades de observação. Narrativas e julgamentos morais são constitutivos das próprias movimentações, uma vez que para narrar ou para ouvir narrativas, para julgar e saber de julgamentos, é necessário movimentar-se, o que por sua vez potencializa novas observações e narrativas. Essa sistemática de movimentação, conhecimento, recriação narrativa dos eventos, crítica moral, e governo dos movimentos próprios ou alheios, é adensada em momentos ou locais de excepcional movimento ou animação. Pode ser descrita como uma prática de operações de mapeamento dinâmicas e polêmicas, nas quais casas e os modos de movimentação entre elas são um foco de grande interesse e elaboração. Nesse aspecto, as casas são aqui abordadas como locais de onde, de maneiras diversas, se pode sair (ou não), para onde se pode ir (ou não), onde se pode permanecer (por mais ou menos tempo), e internamente às quais também há movimentações significativamente observadas e comentadas. Com essa abordagem, pretende-se contribuir para um ponto de partida etnográfico para a abordagem da movimentação, tomada como socialidade ou modo de sociação, evitando desta forma pré-definir grades de classificação espacial e formas de categorização de movimentos, bem como deixando de supor causalidades relativas a domínios preestabelecidos da vida social.
Para além de terras altas e terras baixas: modelos e tipologias na etnologia sul-americana
Authors: Cavalcanti-Schiel Ricardo
Published: May 2022

Este artigo procura pôr em questão a forma e os recursos conceituais pelos quais a etnologia moderna buscou consagrar a divisão entre as terras altas e as terras baixas da América do Sul como domínios etnográficos diferentes por natureza. O que aqui se defende é que esta divisão é, antes de mais nada, sucedâneo de um modelo analítico. Uma mudança de modelo etnológico poderia, dessa forma, desembocar na dissolução de fronteiras presumidas como naturais. Entre Andes e Amazônia, por exemplo. Nesse sentido, procura-se aqui sugerir, sintética e preliminarmente, a partir de um caso etnográfico específico, uma aproximação interpretativa dos contextos etnográficos dessas duas regiões, por meio de uma perspectiva antagônica àquela que consagrou a “grande divisão” continental.
Orixás da Metrópole
Authors:   Universidade de São Paulo. Faculdade de Educação, Silva Vagner Gonçalves da
Published: May 2022

A obra, publicada em 1995, foi resultado de uma pesquisa pioneira sobre o candomblé paulista, envolvendo dezenas de terreiros localizados na região metropolitana de São Paulo, visitados formalmente entre 1986 e 1992. Passadas quase quatro décadas, o candomblé atual (2022) certamente não é mais o do século passado, mas, como todo processo social, também pode ser entendido em função das continuidades e rupturas que estabelece no presente com seu passado visando ao futuro. O crescimento e o prestígio que o candomblé angariava naquela época, por exemplo, foram impactados pelo aumento dos ataques evangélicos resultantes da intolerância e do racismo religiosos. Por outro lado, as comunidades tradicionais de terreiro, geralmente invisibilizadas, passaram a ser incluídas nas políticas públicas de acautelamento e preservação de bens culturais. Nesta segunda edição da obra não houve acréscimos dos desdobramentos do texto original, pois se afastaria da motivação inicial do livro. Desse modo, o autor optou por apresentá-lo como um documento de época, com seus acertos e erros.
Temporal Trends in Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Birthing Individuals Aged 15 to 44 Years in the United States, 2007 to 2019
Authors: Freaney Priya M. , Harrington Katharine , Molsberry Rebecca , Perak Amanda M. , Wang Michael C. , Grobman William , Greenland Philip , Allen Norrina B. , Capewell Simon , O’Flaherty Martin , Lloyd‐Jones Donald M. , Khan Sadiya S.
Published: May 2022

Background

Adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) (hypertensive disorders of pregnancy [HDP], preterm delivery [PTD], or low birth weight [LBW]) are associated adverse maternal and offspring cardiovascular outcomes. Therefore, we sought to describe nationwide temporal trends in the burden of each APO (HDP, PTD, LBW) from 2007 to 2019 to inform strategies to optimize maternal and offspring health outcomes.

Methods and Results

We performed a serial cross‐sectional analysis of APO subtypes (HDP, PTD, LBW) from 2007 to 2019. We included maternal data from all live births that occurred in the United States using the National Center for Health Statistics Natality Files. We quantified age‐standardized and age‐specific rates of APOs per 1000 live births and their respective mean annual percentage change. All analyses were stratified by self‐report of maternal race and ethnicity. Among 51 685 525 live births included, 15% were to non‐Hispanic Black individuals, 24% Hispanic individuals, and 6% Asian individuals. Between 2007 and 2019, age standardized HDP rates approximately doubled, from 38.4 (38.2–38.6) to 77.8 (77.5–78.1) per 1000 live births. A significant inflection point was observed in 2014, with an acceleration in the rate of increase of HDP from 2007 to 2014 (+4.1% per year [3.6–4.7]) to 2014 to 2019 (+9.1% per year [8.1–10.1]). Rates of PTD and LBW increased significantly when co‐occurring in the same pregnancy with HDP. Absolute rates of APOs were higher in non‐Hispanic Black individuals and in older age groups. However, similar relative increases were seen across all age,racial and ethnic groups.

Conclusions

In aggregate, APOs now complicate nearly 1 in 5 live births. Incidence of HDP has increased significantly between 2007 and 2019 and contributed to the reversal of favorable trends in PTD and LBW. Similar patterns were observed in all age groups, suggesting that increasing maternal age at pregnancy does not account for these trends. Black–White disparities persisted throughout the study period.
Three new species of the shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 from the Red Sea, with a new record of S. poupini Anker, 2010 (Malacostraca: Decapoda: Alpheidae)
Authors: ANKER ARTHUR
Published: May 2022

Three new species of the alpheid shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 are described from the Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia: S. farasan sp. nov. from the Farasan Islands; S. arabicus sp. nov. from Thuwal and Farasan Banks; and S. kausti sp. nov. from Thuwal. Salmoneus poupini Anker, 2011, previously known from French Polynesia and the Philippines, is reported for the first time from the Red Sea, based on material from Thuwal, Farasan Banks and Farasan Islands. In addition, the previously known distributional range of the closely related S. komaii Anker, 2011 is extended from the Mariana Islands to French Polynesia.
Extracts from lichenLobaria retigeradecrease the stemness potential of colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Zhou Rui , Nguyen Thanh Thi , Kim Kyung Keun , Hur Jae-Seoun , Kim Hangun
Published: May 2022

Lichens are symbiotic organisms with the potential to be used in the pharmaceutical industry. To identify novel lichen extracts that inhibit the stemness potential of colorectal cancer cells, we tested acetone extracts ofLobaria retigeracollected in Vietnam. Crude acetone extracts ofL. retigeradecreased spheroid formation in CSC221, DLD1, and HT29 cells. In addition, mRNA levels of genes encoding cancer stem markers aldehyde dehydrogenase-1, CD44, CD133, Lgr5, and Musashi-1 were significantly downregulated in a dose-dependent manner after treatment withL. retigeraextract. Moreover,L. retigeraextract decreased the transcriptional activities of Gli and the Notch-relatedHes1promoter in reporter assays. Together, these results demonstrate thatL. retigeraextract is a potent inhibitor of colorectal cancer cell stemness.
Effect of graphene oxide on the performance of foamed concrete and its action mechanism in cement
Authors: Li Qunjie , Xiong Junhong , OuYang Dong
Published: May 2022

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of graphene oxide (GO) on the performance of foamed concrete and its action mechanism in cement. The GO increased the nine-day and 15-day compressive and flexural strengths of foamed concrete compared to concrete without GO. When
the GO dispersion (GOd) content was 0.75% (by the cement weight), the 15-day compressive strength of the foamed concrete increased by 36.36%. However, excess GO adversely affected the late-age compressive strength (30 days) because it was difficult to disperse uniformly in cement. The microstructure
and hydration products of the foamed concrete were analysed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy combined (FEM) with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy techniques (EDS). The GO could regulate the shape of hydration products, probably because GO exhibited
a strong covalent bond between the oxygen-containing functional groups of GO and the cement hydration products, and the GO content and curing age influenced such regulations. The pore structure was examined using X-ray computed tomography, (X-CT) and the GO significantly influenced the pore
structure of the foamed concrete. The findings of this study indicate that GO has potential as a nanometre-sized material to improve the strength of foamed concrete without affecting the dry density.
Quantized molecular intercalations of Rhodamine 6G laser dye onto polymethylmethacrylate host exciplex
Authors: Ibrahim G. M. , Alshahrani S. Melhi , El-Gammal B. , Alosaimi Eid. H. , Elhouichet Habib , Al-Shamiri Hamdan A. S. , Al-Mokadem A. Z. , Awwad Nasser S.
Published: May 2022

Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and Rhodamine 6G (R6G), were used to achieve an electronically excited R6G/PMMA complex of definite stoichiometry as an active laser exciplex, pumped by different laser sources. This paper is the first that is capable of interpretation of the interactions
of the reactants to form the exciplex on the molecular level using DFT. The system was prepared by thermochemical polymerization, and structurally identified using FTIR, XRD and SEM in conjunction with DSC. In low-to moderate-loading of R6G, FTIR and XRD studies indicated a good interaction
between PMMA and R6G to give poor-or semi-crystalline structures. Higher dye loadings were achieved for the synthesized exciplex; loading of PMMA with 0.25 Wt-% R6G decreased the glass transition temperature from 98.74 °C to 70.08 °C. However, increasing the loading with R6G to 5 Wt-%
and 20 Wt-% increased the Tg values to 86.26 and 91.90 °C, respectively. MD simulations were conducted; the electronic mobility within the system was related to different quantum parameters, EHOMO, ELUMO, η, μ and ω were about -7.671 eV,
-5.241 eV, 1.215 eV, -6.456 eV and 17.1522 eV, respectively. DFT calculations indicated that R6G/PMMA has a characteristic lasing stability, so that the lasing lifetimes about 8000 pulses and efficiencies about 21% were obtained.
Toxic effect of silica nanoparticles on bronchial epithelial cells
Authors: Bao Xianghua , Shi Maogong
Published: May 2022

Nanometer silica dioxide (nano-SiO2) is a widely utilized material in everyday applications; however, it exhibits toxic side effects on the human body. This study aims to provide reliable research basis for theoretical guidance in mitigating the toxic effects of nano-SiO2
in future applications by analyzing the mechanism of its effect on bronchial epithelial cells. In this experiment, under nano-SiO2 intervention, the proliferation and migration capacities of bronchial epithelial cells decreased (P < 0.05); apoptosis capacity increased
(P < 0.05); the P13K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway was inhibited (P < 0.05), and the oxidative stress reaction and inflammatory response was intensified (P < 0.05). Thus, we can tentatively infer that nano-SiO2 causes apoptosis of the bronchial epithelial
cells by inhibiting the P13K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and accelerates the activation of oxidative stress, thus leading to toxic effects on bronchial epithelial cells.
The Statistics of Oceanic Turbulence Measurements. Part II: Shear Spectra and a New Spectral Model
Authors: Lueck Rolf G.
Published: May 2022

This manuscript provides (i) the statistical uncertainty of a shear spectrum and (ii) a new universal shear spectrum, and (iii) shows how these are combined to quantify the quality of a shear spectrum. The data from four collocated shear probes, described in Part I, are used to estimate the spectra of shear, Ψ(k), for wavenumbers k ≥ 2 cpm, from data lengths of 1.0 to 50.5 m, using Fourier transform (FT) segments of 0.5 m length. The differences of the logarithm of pairs of simultaneous shear spectra are stationary, distributed normally, independent of the rate of dissipation, and only weakly dependent on wavenumber. The variance of the logarithm of an individual spectrum, , equals one-half of the variance of these differences and is , where Nf is the number of FT segments used to estimate the spectrum. This term σlnΨ provides the statistical basis for constructing the confidence interval of the logarithm of a spectrum, and thus, the spectrum itself. A universal spectrum of turbulence shear is derived from the nondimensionalization of 14 600 spectra estimated from 5 m segments of data. This spectrum differs from the Nasmyth spectrum and from the spectrum of Panchev and Kesich by 8% near its peak, and is approximated to within 1% by a new analytic equation. The difference between the logarithms of a measured and a universal spectrum, together with the confidence interval of a spectrum, provides the statistical basis for quantifying the quality of a measured shear (and velocity) spectrum, and the quality of a dissipation estimate that is derived from the spectrum.

Significance Statement

The results reported here can be used to estimate the statistical uncertainty of a spectrum of turbulent shear or velocity that is derived from a finite number of discrete Fourier transform segments, and they can be used to quantify the quality of a spectrum.
How Spain’s International Status Was Enhanced After the Withdrawal of Its Troops From Iraq
Authors: Xuclà Jordi
Published: May 2022

This paper researches how and why the decision to withdraw Spanish troops from Iraq between March and April 2004 was taken. The new Spanish president, José Luís Rodríguez Zapatero, took this decision in the period between the day after his electoral victory, on 14 March, and the day that his government took office, on 18 April. The decision was made possible by the previous work of informal diplomacy carried out by Zapatero’s future minister of defence, José Bono, and his future minister of foreign affairs, Miguel Ángel Moratinos, who were holding discreet contacts with several international leaders of the military coalition present at the time in Iraq. This fact had a strong impact on the prestige of the new government in the eyes of Spanish public opinion and on the strengthening of alliances with European countries opposed to the invasion. On the contrary, it brought Spain to have one of the worst relations periods of all times with the US administration.
Changes in Bone Mineral Density After Parathyroidectomy and Their Relations With Biochemical Markers of Bone Metabolism
Authors: Xu Qiqi , Kong Na , Zhang Ziqin , Cui Aimin , Tan Shen , Bai Nan
Published: May 2022

Background

To measure total type 1 serum amino-terminal propeptide procollagen (t-P1NP), β- type 1 cross-linked C-terminal telopeptide collagen (β-CTX), N-terminal osteocalcin (OC), and 25-(OH)-VD3 levels before parathyroidectomy (PTX) in patients with PHPT, and correlate these measurements with bone mineral density (BMD) changes at 1-year post-PTX.

Methods

Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) were followed from diagnosis to 12 months after surgery. Serum levels of calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin 25-(OH)-VD3, OC, β-CTX, t-P1NP, and BMD were measured before and 1 year after surgery.

Results

One year after PTX, mean BMD increased by 25.7, 27.7, and 33.5% in the lumbar spine (L1-L4), femoral neck (FN), and greater trochanter (GT), respectively. Percent BMD change 1-year post-PTX was significant correlated with preoperative levels of β-CTX (L1-L4: r = 0.41 , P < 0.0001; FN: r = 0.54 , P = 0.0003; GT: r = 0.46 , P = 0.0029), t-P1NP (L1-L4: r = 0.58 , P < 0.0001; FN: r = 0.73 , P < 0.0001; GT: r = 0.65 , P < 0.0001), 25-(OH)-VD3 (L1-L4: r = −0.33 , P = 0.034; FN: r = −0.48 , P = 0.002; GT: r = −0.52 , P = 0.0007), and OC (L1-L4: r = 0.49 , P = 0.0013; FN: r = 0.55 , P = 0.0002; GT: r = 0.47 , P = 0.002).

Conclusions

Preoperative levels of turnover markers and BMD improvements were significantly correlated in patients with PHPT 1 year after PTX.