bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perfil epidemiológico dos acidentes causados por serpentes do gênero Bothrops atendidos pelo CIATOX-PR
Authors: Bervian Eduardo , Pereira Fernanda Silva Hojas , Ribeiro Gabriel Macedo , Passos Pedro Henrique Vicari , Siqueira Daniel Emilio Dalledone , Ceschim Ramon Cavalcanti
Published: September 2023

Os acidentes ofídicos apresentam grande incidência no Brasil, sendo considerados doença tropical negligenciada e podem cursar com complicações potencialmente fatais. Este artigo é um estudo epidemiológico observacional, retrospectivo, transversal sobre os dados registrados pelo DATATOX-2. Foram analisados 1.738 acidentes botrópicos, popularmente conhecidos como jararacas, registrados entre 2014 e 2021. Através de tais dados foi possível construir um perfil epidemiológico dos acidentes no Paraná em consonância com levantamentos realizados em âmbito nacional. Houve predominância dos acidentes no verão e primavera, que acometeram homens, na faixa dos 39 anos e moradores de área rural. Tais resultados podem auxiliar na implementação de medidas de saúde pública e enfrentamento desses acidentes, considerando-se a população mais afetada e municípios acometidos, de forma a auxiliar profissionais da saúde e reduzir a morbimortalidade associada a esses agravos.
Funcionalidade em pacientes pós COVID-19
Authors: Pereira Rita Aparecida Bernardi , Santos Paola Ingrid , Nickel Renato
Published: September 2023

Indivíduos acometidos pela COVID-19 podem desenvolver incapacidades após a fase aguda da doença, levando a diminuição da funcionalidade. Esteestudo identificou o nível de funcionalidade de pacientes pós-COVID-19 e a sua relação com a condição de saúde e tratamento. Os participantes foram pacientes com COVID-19 internados no Complexo Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paranáentre janeiro e dezembro de 2021.Como metodologia foi aplicado um questionário sociodemográfico e a avaliação WHODAS 2.0. Na amostra de 48 participantes a média de idade foi de 42,02 (±11,05) anos, 62,5% eram do sexo masculino e 77,1% possuíam comorbidades. A média do nível de funcionalidade foi de 21,88 (±9,61) pontos, sendo mobilidade o domínio mais afetado, correlacionada (0,539) principalmente com sintomas persistentes (sig.0,00). Observou-se que fatores como idade avançada e comorbidades influenciam no tratamento da doença e no processo de recuperação.
Mortalidade neonatal no sul do Brasil: tendência, componentes e evitabilidade entre 2011 e 2020
Authors: Araújo Gislaine Camila Silva Romão , Barros Fabiane Frigotto
Published: September 2023

Entre 2000 e 2015, houve redução na taxa de mortalidade infantil no Brasil, porém o país ainda enfrenta altas taxas de mortalidade neonatal. Este trabalho objetivou delinear o perfil epidemiológico, tendência e evitabilidade de mortalidade neonatal no sul do Brasil entre os anos de 2011 e 2020. Trata-se de um estudo de levantamento epidemiológico com base nos dados do Sistema de Informação de Nascidos Vivos e Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade. Durante o período neonatal, verificou-se uma maior incidência de óbitos entre os recém-nascidos do sexo masculino, de raça indígena, nascidos de gestações trigemelares ou mais, de parto vaginal, com peso inferior a 500 gramas, pré-termo, com índice acentuado para aqueles nascidos com menos de 27 semanas, filhos de mães adolescentes ou com idade igual ou superior a 45 anos e de mães sem escolaridade. Conclui-se que determinantes sociais em saúde exercem influência significativa nas taxas de mortalidade neonatal.
Bridging the Bubbles: Connecting Academia and Industry in Cybersecurity Research
Authors: Kashef Rasha , Freunek Monika , Schwartzentruber Jeff , Samavi Reza , Bulgurcu Burcu , Khan AJ , Santos Marcus
Published: September 2023

There is a perceived disconnect between how ad hoc industry solutions and academic research solutions in cyber security are developed and applied. Is there a difference in philosophy in how solutions to cyber security problems are developed by industry and by academia. What could academia and industry do to bridge this gap and speed up the development and use of effective cybersecurity solutions? This paper provides an overview of the most critical gaps and solutions identified by an interdisciplinary expert exchange on the topic. The discussion was held in the form of the webinar "Bridging the Bubbles: Connecting Academia and Industry in Cybersecurity Research" in November 2022 as part of the Rogers Cybersecure Catalyst webinar series. Panelists included researchers from academia and industry as well as experts from industry and business development. The key findings and recommendations of this exchange are supported by the relevant scientific literature on the topic within this paper. Different approaches and time frames in development and lifecycle management, challenges in knowledge transfer and communication as well as heterogeneous metrics for success in projects are examples of the evaluated subject areas.
PHR User Privacy Concerns and Behaviours
Authors: Samavi Reza , Consens Mariano P. , Chignell Mark
Published: September 2023

Results of an empirical study on the privacy concerns, attitudes, and behaviour of personal health record (PHR) users are presented. The study addressed the following questions: (1) What are the factors influencing privacy concerns of PHR users? (2) To what extent do PHR users read privacy agreements and which factors are in play when they fail to read them. (3) Are the behaviour and attitudes of PHR users consistent with respect to reading privacy agreements and using privacy settings? We infer from the study results that the factors influencing privacy concerns of general online users (as reported in literature) also apply to PHR users. In spite of privacy concerns, 60% of the respondents in our study reported not reading privacy agreements. PHR users who were highly concerned about privacy did not report changing their default privacy settings (as offered in a typical social networking website) in a manner consistent with their stated attitudes towards privacy. Based on the issues identified in the study we conclude with a number of design recommendations for privacy-friendly PHR systems.

 
M4CVD: Mobile Machine Learning Model for Monitoring Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Boursalie Omar , Samavi Reza , Doyle Thomas E.
Published: September 2023

In this paper we present M4CVD: Mobile Machine Learning Model for Monitoring Cardiovascular Disease, a system designed specifically for mobile devices that facilitates monitoring of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The system uses wearable sensors to collect observable trends of vital signs contextualized with data from clinical databases. Instead of transferring the raw data directly to the health care professionals, the system performs analysis on the local device by feeding the hybrid of collected data to a support vector machine (SVM) to monitor features extracted from clinical databases and wearable sensors to classify a patient as “continued risk” or “no longer at risk” for CVD. As a work in progress we evaluate a proof-of-concept M4CVD using a synthetic clinical database of 200 patients. The results of our experiment show the system was successful in classifying a patient's CVD risk with an accuracy of 90.5%.

 
Quantifying Deep Learning Model Uncertainty in Conformal Prediction
Authors: Karimi Hamed , Samavi Reza
Published: September 2023

Precise estimation of predictive uncertainty in deep neural networks is a critical requirement for reliable decision-making in machine learning and statistical modeling, particularly in the context of medical AI. Conformal Prediction (CP) has emerged as a promising framework for representing the model uncertainty by providing well-calibrated confidence levels for individual predictions. However, the quantification of model uncertainty in conformal prediction remains an active research area, yet to be fully addressed. In this paper, we explore state-of-the-art CP methodologies and their theoretical foundations. We propose a probabilistic approach in quantifying the model uncertainty derived from the produced prediction sets in conformal prediction and provide certified boundaries for the computed uncertainty. By doing so, we allow model uncertainty measured by CP to be compared by other uncertainty quantification methods such as Bayesian (e.g., MC-Dropout and DeepEnsemble) and Evidential approaches.
COC: An ontology for capturing semantics of circle of care
Authors: Dong Xiao , Samavi Reza , Topaloglou Thodoros
Published: September 2023

In this paper we propose a circle of care (COC) ontology that specifies concepts and relations necessary to capture a patient's circle of care and allows one to make inferences about who is in a patient's circle of care. The ontology can improve current access control systems in making decisions regarding access events in real time and help identify past cases of illegitimate access through the access log. We validate the ontology by augmenting the Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) data model with our COC ontology and presenting an example of access logs from FHIR that is extended to answer circle of care queries.
Tamper-Proof Privacy Auditing for Artificial Intelligence Systems
Authors: Sutton Andrew , Samavi Reza
Published: September 2023

Privacy audit logs are used to capture the actions of participants in a data sharing environment in order for auditors to check compliance with privacy policies. However, collusion may occur between the auditors and participants to obfuscate actions that should be recorded in the audit logs. In this paper, we propose a Linked Data based method of utilizing blockchain technology to create tamper-proof audit logs that provide proof of log manipulation and non-repudiation.

 
Artificial Intelligence Nomenclature Identified From Delphi Study on Key Issues Related to Trust and Barriers to Adoption for Autonomous Systems
Authors: Doyle Thomas E. , Tucci Victoria , Zhu Calvin , Zhang Yifei , Yassa Basem , Rashidiani Sajjad , Khan Md Asif , Samavi Reza , Noseworthy Michael , Yule Steven
Published: September 2023

The rapid integration of artificial intelligence across traditional research domains has generated an amalgamation of nomenclature. As cross-discipline teams work together on complex machine learning challenges, finding a consensus of basic definitions in the literature is a more fundamental problem. As a step in the Delphi process to define issues with trust and barriers to the adoption of autonomous systems, our study first collected and ranked the top concerns from a panel of international experts from the fields of engineering, computer science, medicine, aerospace, and defence, with experience working with artificial intelligence. This document presents a summary of the literature definitions for nomenclature derived from expert feedback.
From Group-Level Statistics to Single-Subject Prediction: Machine Learning Detection of Concussion in Retired Athletes
Authors: Boshra Rober , Dhindsa Kiret , Boursalie Omar , Ruiter Kyle I. , Sonnadara Ranil R. , Samavi Reza , Doyle Thomas E. , Reilly James P. , Connolly John F.
Published: September 2023

There has been increased effort to understand the neurophysiological effects of concussion aimed to move diagnosis and identification beyond current subjective behavioral assessments that suffer from poor sensitivity. Recent evidence suggests that event-related potentials (ERPs) measured with electroencephalography (EEG) are persistent neurophysiological markers of past concussions. However, as such evidence is limited to group-level analyzes, the extent to which they enable concussion detection at the individual-level is unclear. One promising avenue of research is the use of machine learning to create quantitative predictive models that can detect prior concussions in individuals. In this paper, we translate the recent group-level findings from ERP studies of concussed individuals into a machine learning framework for performing single-subject prediction of past concussion. We found that a combination of statistics of single-subject ERPs and wavelet features yielded a classification accuracy of 81% with a sensitivity of 82% and a specificity of 80%, improving on current practice. Notably, the model was able to detect concussion effects in individuals who sustained their last injury as much as 30 years earlier. However, failure to detect past concussions in a subset of individuals suggests that the clear effects found in group-level analyses may not provide us with a full picture of the neurophysiological effects of concussion.
Exploring PSI-MI XML Collections Using DescribeX
Authors: Samavi Reza , Consens Mariano , Khatchadourian Shahan , Topaloglou Thodoros
Published: September 2023

PSI-MI has been endorsed by the protein informatics community as a standard XML data exchange format for protein-protein interaction datasets. While many public databases support the standard, there is a degree of heterogeneity in the way the proposed XML schema is interpreted and instantiated by different data providers. Analysis of schema instantiation in large collections of XML data is a challenging task that is unsupported by existing tools. In  this  study  we  use  DescribeX,  a  novel  visualization  technique  of  (semi-)structured XML formats, to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze PSI-MI XML collections at the instance level with the goal of gaining insights about schema usage and to study specific questions such as: adequacy of controlled vocabularies, detection of common instance patterns,  and  evolution  of  different  data  collections.  Our  analysis  shows  DescribeX enhances  understanding  the  instance-level  structure  of  PSI-MI  data  sources  and  is  a useful tool for standards designers, software developers, and PSI-MI data providers. 
Evaluation methodology for deep learning imputation models
Authors: Samavi Reza , Boursalie Omar , Doyle Thomas E.
Published: September 2023

There is growing interest in imputing missing data in tabular datasets using deep learning. Existing deep learning–based imputation models have been commonly evaluated using root mean square error (RMSE) as the predictive accuracy metric. In this article, we investigate the limitations of assessing deep learning–based imputation models by conducting a comparative analysis between RMSE and alternative metrics in the statistical literature including qualitative, predictive accuracy, statistical distance, and descriptive statistics. We design a new aggregated metric, called reconstruction loss (RL), to evaluate deep learning–based imputation models. We also develop and evaluate a novel imputation evaluation methodology based on RL. To minimize model and dataset biases, we use a regression imputation model and two different deep learning imputation models: denoising autoencoders and generative adversarial nets. We also use two tabular datasets from different industry sectors: health care and financial. Our results show that the proposed methodology is effective in evaluating multiple properties of the deep learning–based imputation model’s reconstruction performance.
The Impact of Emerging Market Competition on Innovation and Business Strategy: Evidence from Canada
Authors: Yang Mu-Jeung , Li Nicholas , Kueng Lorenz
Published: September 2023

Does intensifying emerging market competition boost or inhibit innovation? We estimate how a representative panel of Canadian firms adjusts innovation activities, business strategies, and exit in response to large increases in Chinese import competition. Our analysis shows that the innovation response of firms depends on the type of innovation: on average, product innovation incentives are stimulated by competition while process innovation incentives decline. We develop a theory that combines these different innovation types with partially irreversible innovation strategy choices to derive novel performance implications in response to competition. Consistent with this theory, we find that firms that initially pursue process innovation strategies and survive have higher profits ex-post, but are ex-ante more likely to exit. In contrast, firms that initially pursue product innovation strategies have higher profits if they survive, without significant impact on exit. Both empirical patterns are consistent with our theory, which suggests that innovator performance depends on the balance of innovation incentive effects and competitive failure risk. 
Pass-through of subsidies to prices under limited competition: Evidence from Canada’s Nutrition North program
Authors: Li Nicholas , Galloway Tracey
Published: September 2023

We study the pass-through of Canada’s Nutrition North food subsidy in remote, mainly Indigenous communities with limited competition. Reforms to the program in 2016 and 2019 provide exogenous changes in retailer marginal costs and we show that on average, retail prices were lowered by 67 cents for every additional dollar of subsidy, well below the full pass-through expected under perfect competition. We can precisely characterize the competitive environment for each community, which is typically a retail monopoly or duopoly, and ﬁnd that the low average pass-through is mostly driven by monopoly communities. Ourﬁndingsshowthatresourcesintendedformarginalizedcommunitiescanbe partly captured by local ﬁrms with market power.
Gains from Trade Liberalization with Flexible Extensive Margin Adjustment
Authors: Hsieh Chang-Tai , Li Nicholas , Ossa Ralph , Yang Mu-Jeung
Published: September 2023

We propose a sufficient statistic to measure the ex-post welfare gains from trade in CES models featuring any productivity distribution and any pattern of selection into production and exporting. This statistic is based on a single data moment, the change in the market share of continuing domestic producers, and a single structural parameter, the elasticity of substitution between products. We apply our statistic to measure Canada's gains from the Canada-US Free Trade Agreement using data on observed firm selection. We find that welfare gains can substantially deviate from welfare estimates implied by formulas that assume a constant extensive margin trade elasticity.
Market Structure and Cost Pass-Through in Retail
Authors: Hong Gee Hee , Li Nicholas
Published: September 2023

 

We examine the extent to which vertical and horizontal market structure can together explain incomplete retail pass-through. To answer this question, we use scanner data from a large U.S. retailer to estimate product level pass-through for three vertical structures: national brands, private label goods not manufactured by the retailer, and private label goods manufactured by the retailer. Our approach circumvents issues associated with internal firm prices and demonstrates that accounting for horizontal market structure is important for measuring the effects of vertical integration and reduced double marginalization on pass-through.

 
Accounting for the new gains from trade liberalization
Authors: Hsieh Chang-Tai , Li Nicholas , Ossa Ralph , Yang Mu-Jeung
Published: September 2023

We challenge the conventional wisdom on the variety and productivity gains from trade liberalization which are commonly referred to as “new” gains from trade. In particular, we show that the import variety gains measured in studies such as Broda and Weinstein (2006) are counteracted by exactly analogous domestic variety losses. Similarly, we show that the domestic productivity gains measured in studies such as Trefler (2004) are counteracted by exactly analogous import productivity losses. We then account for all these gains and losses in an application to the Canada-US Free Trade Agreement and show that Canada actually experienced net “new” losses from trade.
Lesbian and Gay Liberation in Canada: Representing the Dyke Dynamo
Authors: Schwartz Michelle , Crompton Constance
Published: September 2023

In the preface to her influential book, Lesbian images, writer for The Body Politic and person in the Lesbian and Gay Liberation in Canada (LGLC) data set, Canadian author Jane Rule stresses the importance of not reducing human experience in order to understand it. Lesbian Images, her collective biography, or prosopography, of lesbian writers therefore offers a view of the complexity of life, presenting as "many answers as there are voices to speak… for no one can comfortably dismiss all those who find a place in these pages" (1975 vi). The Lesbian and Gay Liberation in Canada project (LGLC) is using prosopography to respond to Rule's call to document the complexity of gay and lesbian lives. While prosopography has traditionally been used to uncover the averages, the norms, and the likely lives of people about whom historians have little information (for example, Roman slaves or Anglo-Saxon peasants), LGLC is taking up prosopography, not to fill in gaps or to reduce liberationists to a few statistical averages, but to develop new knowledge about how the ideas at the heart of the liberation movement, and the communities that espoused them, shaped Canadian culture.
The Interplay Between Prenatal Adversity, Offspring Dopaminergic Genes, and Early Parenting on Toddler Attentional Function
Authors: Székely Eszter , Jolicoeur-Martineau Alexia , Atkinson Leslie , Levitan Robert D. , Steiner Meir , Lydon John E. , Fleming Alison S. , L. Kennedy James , Wazana Ashley
Published: September 2023

Background: Few studies have explored the complex gene-by-prenatal environment-by-early postnatal environment interactions that underlie the development of attentional competence. Here, we examined if variation in dopamine-related genes interacts with prenatal adversity to influence toddler attentional competence and whether this influence is buffered by early positive maternal behavior.

Methods: From the Maternal Adversity, Vulnerability and Neurodevelopment cohort, 134 participants (197 when imputing missing data) had information on prenatal adversity (prenatal stressful life events, prenatal maternal depressive symptoms, and birth weight), five dopamine-related genes (DAT1, DRD4, DRD2, COMT, BDNF), observed maternal parenting behavior at 6 months and parent-rated toddler attentional competence at 18 and 24 months. The Latent Environmental and Genetic Interaction (LEGIT) approach was used to examine genes-by-prenatal environment-by-postnatal environment interactions while controlling for sociodemographic factors and postnatal depression.

Results: Our hypothesis of a three-way interaction between prenatal adversity, dopamine-related genes, and early maternal parenting behavior was not confirmed. However, consistent two-way interactions emerged between prenatal adversity and dopamine-related genes; prenatal adversity and maternal parenting behavior, and dopamine-related genes and maternal parenting behavior in relation to toddler attentional competence. Significant interaction effects were driven by the DAT1, COMT, and BDNF genotypes; prenatal stressful life events; maternal sensitivity, tactile stimulation, vocalization, and infant-related activities.

Conclusions: Multiple dopamine-related genes affected toddler attentional competence and they did so in interaction with prenatal adversity and the early rearing environment, separately. Effects were already visible in young children. Several aspects of early maternal parenting have been identified as potential targets for intervention.
The causal influence of responsive parenting behaviour on academic readiness: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Prime Heather , Andrews Krysta , Gonzalez Andrea , Janus Magdalena , C Tricco Andrea , Bennett Teresa , Atkinson Leslie
Published: September 2023

Background

Children’s academic readiness has important implications for subsequent achievement and psychosocial functioning. A growing number of studies are utilizing randomized controlled trials (RCT) to examine whether responsive parenting interventions lead to positive gains in children’s academic readiness. A synthesis of the extant literature is warranted to gain a precise estimate of the causal influence of responsive parenting on academic readiness, as well as to examine moderators that may serve to strengthen or weaken this effect. The main objective of this study will be to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs evaluating the use of responsive parenting interventions to target academic readiness: problem-solving/reasoning, language proficiency, executive functioning, and pre-academic skills (e.g., numeracy/literacy).

Methods

Studies that took place in the early childhood period (< 6 years at baseline), targeted responsive parenting behaviours using an RCT (with control group, waitlist, or treatment as usual as a comparator), and included an outcome assessment of academic readiness will be considered for eligibility. Children and/or parents with special needs and/or disabilities will be excluded. The primary outcome is the effect of responsive parenting interventions on academic readiness. Secondary outcomes include substantive and methodological moderators and parent-mediated effects on outcomes. We will search MEDLINE, PsycINFO, ERIC, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global databases from their inception onwards and we will also conduct backward/forward searching of eligible studies. Published and unpublished works will be considered. Screening, full-text assessments, and data extraction will be completed by two independent reviewers. Risk of bias will be assessed using the CLARITY tool for RCTs. Effect sizes will be calculated based on study-level standardized differences between experimental and control groups and entered into random effects models to obtain a pooled effect (meta-analysis). Moderation will be examined through Q-statistics and meta-regression to study sources of between-study variation in effect sizes. A pooled path model of mediation will be used to study parent-mediated effects.

Discussion

Findings will illuminate causal relations between responsive parenting and academic readiness, with implications for developmental science. Findings will also guide decision making in policy and practice for supporting early childhood development and reducing social disparities in children prior to school-entry.
Pollen sleuthing for terrestrial plant surveys: Locating plant populations by exploiting pollen movement
Authors: Campbell Lesley , Melles Stephanie J. , de Noronha Vaz Eric , Parker Rebecca J. , Burgess Kevin S.
Published: September 2023

Premise of the Study

We present an innovative technique for sampling, identifying, and locating plant populations that release pollen, without extensive ground surveys. This method (1) samples pollen at random locations within the target species’ habitat, (2) detects species’ presence using morphological pollen analysis, and (3) uses kriging to predict likely locations of populations to focus future search efforts.

Methods

To demonstrate, we applied the pollen sleuthing system to search for artificially constructed populations of Brassica rapa in an old field. Population size varied from 0–100 flowers labeled with artificial pollen (paint pellets). After characterizing the landscape, we pan‐trapped 2762 potential insect vectors from random locations across the field and washed particulate matter from their bodies to assess artificial pollen abundance with a microscope.

Results

Population size greatly influenced artificial pollen detection success; following random pollen trap sampling and interpolation, ground surveys would be best focused on identified areas with high pollen density and low variation in pollen density. Sampling sites most successfully detected artificial pollen when they were located at higher elevations, near showy flowering plants that were not grasses.

Discussion

Detection of nascent populations using the proposed system is possible but accuracy will depend on local environmental factors (e.g., wind, elevation). Conservation and invasive species control programs may be improved by using this approach.
Optimizing Photoperiod Switch to Maximize Floral Biomass and Cannabinoid Yield in Cannabis sativa L.: A Meta-Analytic Quantile Regression Approach
Authors: Dang Michelle , Arachchige Nishara Muthu , Campbell Lesley
Published: September 2023

Cannabis sativa L. is an annual, short-day plant, such that long-day lighting promotes vegetative growth while short-day lighting induces flowering. To date, there has been no substantial investigation on how the switch between these photoperiods influences yield of C. sativa despite the tight correlation that plant size and floral biomass have with the timing of photoperiod switches in indoor growing facilities worldwide. Moreover, there are only casual predictions around how the timing of the photoperiodic switch may affect the production of secondary metabolites, like cannabinoids. Here we use a meta-analytic approach to determine when growers should switch photoperiods to optimize C. sativa floral biomass and cannabinoid content. To this end, we searched through ISI Web of Science for peer-reviewed publications of C. sativa that reported experimental photoperiod durations and results containing cannabinoid concentrations and/or floral biomass, then from 26 studies, we estimated the relationship between photoperiod and yield using quantile regression. Floral biomass was maximized when the long daylength photoperiod was minimized (i.e., 14 days), while THC and CBD potency was maximized under long day length photoperiod for ~42 and 49–50 days, respectively. Our work reveals a yield trade-off in C. sativa between cannabinoid concentration and floral biomass where more time spent under long-day lighting maximizes cannabinoid content and less time spent under long-day lighting maximizes floral biomass. Growers should carefully consider the length of long-day lighting exposure as it can be used as a tool to maximize desired yield outcomes.

 
The Effect of Altered Soil Moisture on Hybridization Rate in a Crop-Wild System (Raphanus spp.)
Authors: Campbell Lesley , Shukla Kruti , Sneck Michelle E. , Chaplin Colleen , Mercer Kristin L.
Published: September 2023

Since plant mating choices are flexible and responsive to the environment, rates of spontaneous hybridization may vary across ecological clines. Developing a robust and predictive framework for rates of plant gene flow requires assessing the role of environmental sensitivity on plant reproductive traits, relative abundance, and pollen vectors. Therefore, across a soil moisture gradient, we quantified pollinator movement, life-history trait variation, and unidirectional hybridization rates from crop (Raphanus sativus) to wild (Raphanus raphanistrum) radish populations. Both radish species were grown together in relatively dry (no rain), relatively wet (double rain), or control soil moisture conditions in Ohio, USA. We measured wild and crop radish life-history, phenology and pollinator visitation patterns. To quantify hybridization rates from crop-to-wild species, we used a simply inherited morphological marker to detect F1 hybrid progeny. Although crop-to-wild hybridization did not respond to watering treatments, the abundance of hybrid offspring was higher in fruits produced late in the period of phenological overlap, when both species had roughly equal numbers of open flowers. Therefore, the timing of fruit production and its relationship to flowering overlap may be more important to hybrid zone formation in Raphanus spp. than soil moisture or pollen vector movements.

 
Phenotypic plasticity influences the success of clonal propagation in industrial pharmaceutical Cannabis sativa
Authors: Campbell Lesley , Naraine Steve G. U. , Dusfresne Jaimie
Published: September 2023

The burgeoning cannabis market requires evidence-based science such that farmers can quickly and efficiently generate new plants. In part, horticultural operations are limited by the success of cloning procedures. Here, we measured the role of environmental conditions and cultivar identity on the success of generating long branch material with many meristems in planting stock (mothers) and in rooting success of stem-derived clones. To evaluate the influence of lighting treatments on the optimal production of branching mothers, four lighting conditions (Fluorescent High Output T5s [T5], Metal halide lamps [MH], Plasma lamps [PL], or Metal halide lamps augmented with far red LED lights [MH+FR]) were applied to two cultivars of container grown plants (Cannabis sativa L. ‘Bubba Kush’, ‘Ghost Train Haze’) grown in peat-based organic substrates in mylar grow tents. To evaluate the influence of lighting, cutting tool (secateurs or scalpels), and stem wounding (present/absent) on optimal rooting of stems, three lighting conditions (Fluorescent T8s, T5, PL) were applied to three cultivars of peat pellet grown plants (C. sativa L. ‘Bubba Kush’, ‘Ghost Train Haze’, ‘Headband’). Mothers grown under T5 and MH (vs MH+FR) produced ~30% more meristems. However, growing mothers under MH+FR were 19% taller than mothers under T5, with ~25% longer internodes on dominant stems than plants under any other lighting condition. Canopies were denser under T5 because petiole length was ~30% shorter under T5 and fan leaves were longer and narrower under MH+FR and MH+FR and PL, respectively, than under other lighting conditions. Cultivar Ghost Train Haze stems rooted most frequently and most quickly. Wounded stems were 162% more likely to root than unwounded stems and rooted 1.5 days earlier. Our results will guide producers attempting to maximize the rate of clone production in licensed facilities; although results may differ among cultivars, where cultivars differed in their average phenotype as mother plants, and their propensity to root from cuttings, and the speed with which they produced those roots.

 
Contemporary evolution and the dynamics of invasion in crop-wild hybrids with heritable variation for two weedy life-histories
Authors: Campbell Lesley , Teitel Zachary , Miriti Maria N.
Published: September 2023

Gene flow in crop-wild complexes between phenotypically differentiated ancestors may transfer adaptive genetic variation that alters the fecundity and, potentially, the population growth (λ) of weeds. We created biotypes with potentially invasive traits, early flowering or long leaves, in wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum) and F5 crop-wild hybrid (R. sativus × R. raphanistrum) backgrounds and compared them to randomly mated populations, to provide the first experimental estimate of long-term fitness consequences of weedy life-history variation. Using a life table response experiment design, we modeled λ of experimental, field populations in Pellston, MI, and assessed the relative success of alternative weed strategies and the contributions of individual vital rates (germination, survival, seed production) to differences in λ among experimental populations. Growth rates (λ) were most influenced by seed production, a trait altered by hybridization and selection, compared to other vital rates. More seeds were produced by wild than hybrid populations and by long-leafed than early-flowering lineages. Although we did not detect a biotype by selection treatment effect on lambda, lineages also exhibited contrasting germination and survival strategies. Identifying life-history traits affecting population growth contributes to our understanding of which portions of the crop genome are most likely to introgress into weed populations.
A Thematic Analysis of Indigenous Students’ Experiences with Indigenization at a Canadian Post-secondary Institution: Paradoxes, Potential, and Moving Forward Together
Authors: Efimoff Iloradanon
Published: September 2023

Indigenization is a relatively new phenomenon in Canada. It is a broad concept that includes everything from changing physical spaces to challenging Western epistemologies and the status quo. In this study, I describe nine Indigenous students’ experiences with Indigenization at the University of Saskatchewan. Students were impacted both positively and negatively by their engagement: They described both opportunities borne of engagement with Indigenization and detriments such as exhaustion and lack of basic needs. In terms of methods to Indigenize, the participants described the importance of representation, centring Indigenous values and knowledges, and creating communities that can Indigenize. I end the paper with four policy recommendations for post-secondary institutions interested in Indigenization.

 
The impact of diversity on job performance: evidence from private universities in Egypt
Authors: Said Dina , Youssef Dina , El-Bayaa Nourhan , Alzoubi Yehia Ibrahim , Zaim Halil
Published: September 2023

Employees from diverse backgrounds have been claimed to perform better; nevertheless, this link has been studied sparingly in the Egyptian setting. This paper addresses this gap by experimentally analyzing the link between employee performance and gender, educational background, and ethnic background. To investigate this link, a usable model was created, and data was collected from 269 academic staff members at private Egyptian institutions. PLS analysis was used, and the result revealed that educational and ethnic backgrounds have a positive effect on employees’ job performance whereas, the impact of gender background on employee’s job performance was found to be insignificant. Furthermore, the research findings disclose that the education and ethnic background of the employees mediates the relationship between employees’ job performance and gender diversity. Future research is yet to validate these results.
Durasi Penggunaan Media Sosial dan Tingkat Stres dengan Kualitas Tidur pada Remaja
Authors: Muhafilah Ilah , Suwarningsih Suwarningsih
Published: September 2023

Durasi penggunaan media sosial yang terlalu lama dan adanya gangguan pada kesehatan mental terutama stres akan mempengaruhi pola tidur seseorang yang berisiko menyebabkan kualitas tidur menjadi buruk. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mengidentifikasi hubungan durasi penggunaan media sosial dan tingkat stres dengan kualitas tidur pada remaja. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan potong lintang. Populasi pada penelitian yaitu mahasiswa dan mahasiswi Prodi Sarjana Keperawatan Universitas MH Thamrin sebanyak 182 mahasiswa yang diambil menggunakan menggunakan purposive sampling.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada tanggal 19-26 Juli 2021. Uji statistik menggunakan uji Chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan remaja yang memiliki kualitas tidur buruk, proporsinya lebih besar pada mereka yang durasi penggunaan media sosialnya lama (62,5%), dibandingkan remaja dengan durasi penggunaan media sosial cukup (37,5%), walaupun secara statistik tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna (nilai p = 0,537). Sedangkan, remaja yang memiliki kualitas tidur buruk, proporsinya lebih besar pada mereka yang mengalami stres berat (75%) dibandingkan dengan yang mengalami stres ringan (43,2%) dan perbedaan ini bermakna secara statistic (nilai p = 0,016).  Hasil penelitian dapat digunakan untuk mengembangkan penatalaksanaan upaya mencegah gangguan tidur yang berkelanjutan yang menyebabkan stres.
Acne Vulgaris dan perubahan harga diri
Authors: Mujahidah Zakiyah , Suharto Suwarningsih , Fitri Irna
Published: September 2023

Acne vulgaris merupakan penyakit kulit yang muncul dan mendominasi bagian wajah dan mengganggu penampilan juga memberikan efek bagi perkembangan mental remaja. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk melihat korelasi antara usia, jenis kelamin, dan derajat keparahan acne vulgaris terhadap perubahan harga diri siswa SMAN 1 Setu Kabupaten Bekasi. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan desain potong lintang. Jumlah populasi penelitian ini sebanyak 1.270 siswa dan responden yang dilibatkan sebagai sampel penelitian adalah 98 orang yang diambil menggunakan metode random sampling. Penghitungan berat ringannya acne vulgaris memakai  Global Acne Grading System sementara pengukuran harga diri dengan The Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa acne vulgaris paling banyak terjadi pada remaja pertengahan berusia 14-17 tahun dan jenis kelamin perempuan (52%) dengan derajat acne vulgaris paling banyak berada  pada tingkatan ringan (73,5%). Selain itu, mayoritas responden tidak mengalami masalah yang berarti dengan harga dirinya selama mengalami acne vulgaris (87,8%). Analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa usia (nilai p = 0,001), jenis kelamin (nilai p = 0,045), dan derajat keparahan acne vulgaris (nilai p = 0,001)  berhubungan signifikan dengan harga diri remaja selama mengalami acne vulgaris.
Ảnh hưởng của quản trị vốn luân chuyển và cấu trúc tài chính đến hiệu quả hoạt động của doanh nghiệp chế biến niêm yết trên Sở Giao dịch Chứn khoán Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh
Authors: Vũ Thị Thanh Thủy , Nguyễn Văn Đán , Hoàng Thị Hạnh
Published: September 2023

Nghiên cứu kiểm định mức độ và chiều hướng tác động của quản trị vốn luân chuyển và cấu trúc tài chính đến hiệu quả hoạt động của các doanh nghiệp chế biến niêm yết trên Sở giao dịch chứng khoán thành phố Hồ Chí Minh (HoSE). Nghiên cứu sử dụng dữ liệu bảng được thu thập trong giai đoạn từ 2014 - 2021 của 18 doanh nghiệp. Phương pháp được sử dụng là REM và Pooled OLS. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy cấu trúc tài chính có tác động tiêu cực đến hiệu quả hoạt động, ngoài ra, kết quả cũng chỉ ra mối tương quan âm giữa quản trị vốn luân chuyển (thông qua chu kỳ chuyển đổi tiền mặt) và hiệu quả hoạt động của các công ty. Từ kết quả nghiên cứu, nhóm tác giả đề xuất một số kiến nghị nhằm nâng cao hiệu quả hoạt động của các doanh nghiệp chế biến.
Perhitungan Suhu Pada Bushing Transformator Unit II GI Pekalongan dengan Metode Elemen Hingga
Authors: Herawati Afriyastuti , Rosa Muhammad Khairul Amri , Surapati Alex , Handayani Yanolanda Suzantry , Anggraini Ika Novia , Rodiah Yuli , Nugraha Andi
Published: September 2023

The reliability of the power transformer depends on the performance of the its bushing. Transformer bushings subjected to hot conditions or high temperatures for a long period of time can cause bushing failure. Bushing failure can result the damage such as bursting of the conservator tank, explosion and fire. The purpose of this study was to determine the temperature hot spot on the transformer bushing at the Unit II Pekalongan Substation (GI) in order to avoid the damage of transformer. The method that used to analyze the hot spot temperature on the transformer bushing is the finite element. The finite element method is carried out by dividing the bushing parts into small elements to be calculated so that the hot spot temperature value on the transformer bushing is obtained. The result of the highest hot spot temperature on the transformer bushing which were carried out four times using the finite element method is . Based on the IEEE standard, the hot spot temperature of transformer bushing can’t be more than . This result showed that transformer bushng of Unit II Pekalongan Substation are still in the normal category.
Prototipe Turbin Angin Savonius Pada Kecepatan Angin Skala Kecil Untuk Pengisian Baterai
Authors: Latif Melda , Farizi AL , Muharam Mumuh , Laksono Heru Dibyo , Yunus Syukri , Rajab Abdul , Fitrilina Fitrilina
Published: September 2023

The Vertical Axis Wind Turbines are very suitable for use in areas with very low wind speeds. This research makes a prototype of the Savonius wind turbine to produce electrical energy as an energy source to 2 x 3.7 Volt dry battery. The Savonius turbine has four blades made of PVC. The controller circuit consists of a Boost Converter circuit and an astable multivibrator. At a speed of 2.7 m/s, the wind turbine starts to rotate and produces a no-load voltage of 0.3 V. At a speed of 3.7 m/s a voltage of 2 V is generated and can charge the battery. By using an LED (Light Emitting Diode) in the controller circuit, the charged battery can be a source of voltage in the controller circuit and the LED indicator light can be lit.
Estimasi Stok Karbon Di Precet Kawi Forest Wilayah Resort Pemangkuan Hutan Wagir KPH Malang
Authors: Adimas Lastya , Zayadi Hasan , Prasetyo Hamdani Dwi
Published: September 2023

This study aims to determine how much of the Precet Kawi Forest area of the Wagir Forest Pemangkuan Resort Area KPH Malang is able to store carbon reserves. The results of this study can support conservation area management activities in a sustainable and sustainable manner in relation to reducing the impact of global warming. The research was conducted at Precet Kawi Forest, Pemangkuan Hutan Wagir Resort area of KPH Malang. Data processing and determination of specific gravity were carried out at the Central Laboratory of the Islamic University of Malang. Determination of the location of the plot using purposive sampling method with an emphasis on locations with a high level of diversity. Plots were made at 3 locations and coordinates were taken using GPS. The results of this study used two allometric methods, Chave and Istomo, which showed that the potential carbon stock in the protected forest plot area had the highest carbon stock value. In the plot area of Pinus merkusii Jungh et de Vriese has the second highest carbon storage content. Judging from the Swietenia mahagoni plot has the lowest carbon storage compared to the protected forest plot and the Jungh et de Vriese Pinus merkusii plot. further research to determine the carbon content stored underground (Below ground) at the same location.
Keywords: Carbon Stock, Carbon Pool, KPH Malang
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar kawasan Precet Kawi Forest Wilayah Resort Pemangkuan Hutan Wagir KPH Malang mampu menyimpan candangan karbon. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menunjang kegiatan pengelolaan kawasan konservasi secara berkelanjutan dan lestari dalam kaitannya dengan pengurangan dampak pemanasan global.Penelitian dilakukan di Precet Kawi Forest, wilayah Resort Pemangkuan Hutan wagir KPH Malang. Pengolahan data dan penentuan berat jenis dilakukan di Laboratorium Pusat Universitas Islam Malang. Penentuan lokasi plot menggunakan metode purposive sampling di titik beratkan pada lokasi yang tingkat keragaman yang tinggi. Plot dibuat pada 3 lokasi dan pengambilan koordinat dengan menggunakan GPS. Pada hasil penelitian menggunakan dua metode alometrik Chave(2005) dan Istomo(2006) yang dapat diketahui potensi cadangan karbon pada area plot hutan lindung memiliki nilai cadangan karbon tertinggi. Pada area plot Pinus merkusii Jungh et de Vriese memiliki kandungan simpanan karbon tertinggi kedua. Dilihat dari plot Swietenia mahagoni memiliki simpanan karbon terendah dibandingan plot hutan lindung dan plot Pinus merkusii Jungh et de Vriese. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan analisis kandungan karbon di atas tanah (Above ground) pada struktur jaringan hidup batang pohon, Saran dari penelitian ini yaitu perlu diadakannya penelitian lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui kandungan karbon yang tersimpan pada bawah tanah (Below ground) pada lokasi yang sama.
Kata kunci: Karbon stok, carbon pool, KPH Malang.