bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A reportage at the end of the century. European economic journeys of Countess Cecylia Plater-Zyberk in the light of the „Kronika Rodzinna” (1899)
Authors: Kostrzewska Ewelina Maria
Published: June 2018

The article was prepared on the basis of the „Kronika Rodzinna”, a biweekly published from 1867 in Warsaw. It was addressed to the gentry and intelligentsia, had a literary-social, as well as diary-travel character and often described the so-called feminine issues. During its existence there were program changes. After ideological disputes of the eighties of the 19th century, editors focused on matters related to the household and education. As they followed a moderate mainstream movement of women, the professional education and activity of the latter were promoted by them. In 1899, Countess Cecylia Plater-Zyberk became the chief editor and the publisher of the magazine. She assimilated landowners’, conservative ideals with an intelligent model of an open Catholicism. During an almost one-year of her cadency, the „Kronika Rodzinna” was transformed into a popular „Czasopismo dla Rodzin Katolickich”. The editor herself inaugurated and ended her functions in a series of travel reports. Using such a modern form of journalistic report, she entered the hard-to-reach for women world of media, professional work, as well as of independent fast travels. While bringing to the common denominator the search for female economic schools in Europe, she was reporting on their civilizational condition. In the descriptions saturated with religious axiology, she presented the readers with her own reflections and social contexts of women’s emancipation. In a travel reportage she returned to the Polish ground with an idea of a social solidarity; a reconciliation of women’s aspirations with religion. The social bond was to join in a special way women from the landowners’ elites and peasant villages, while economic schools were to open to them fields of different activities and work. According to the rules of a press reportage, the story of Plater-Zyberk revealed the European reality of the late 19th century in her subjective images seen from the perspective of an aristocrat and the chief-editor of the Catholic „Kronika Rodzinna”.
The successor states of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in the Polish diplomacy (1918–1920)
Authors: Jeziorny Dariusz
Published: June 2018

Austria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Romania, the Kingdom of SCS and Poland are the countries referred to as successor states of the Habsburg Monarchy since they were established out of its ruins. This article focuses on how meaningful these Central European states were to Polish diplomacy in 1918–1920, i.e. the period which was decisive in the creation of their independent existence. The aim of the article is to answer the question of how the gradual breakup of the unitary Austria-Hungary in 1918 was perceived by the Polish political elites. It will also examine what stance the government of the independent Polish state adopted towards the new countries that were being formed after the dissolution of the Habsburg Monarchy. All the states which were fully or partially composed of the former Austro-Hungarian territories are considered with the exception of Italy which was already recognised as one of the most important European powers and after its annexation of the Habsburg lands on the Adriatic Sea was even more of a power. The article will also explore whether the emerging countries played any role in the development of Polish foreign policy and if so, how significant this role was. A similar question can be asked in the case of the entire territory of the Danube Region. After the First World War, its political and economic unity was shattered, which could have been used by the nascent Poland while dealing with its weaker partners.
Could a heretic be a beautiful woman in Socrates of Constantinople’s and Sozomenus’s eyes?
Authors: Bralewski Sławomir
Published: June 2018

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The Byzantines in the service of the Bulgarian rulers in the first half of the 9th century
Authors: Leszka Mirosław J.
Published: June 2018

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Where did the sessions of the Vilnius sejmik take place in 1717–1795?
Authors: Jurgaitis Robertas
Published: June 2018

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Anna Kozłowska-Ryś, Krzysztof Drozdowski, Świat odosobniony. Bydgoska służba penitencjarna w latach 1920–1939 Wydawnictwo Instytutu Historii i Stosunków Międzynarodowych Wydziału Filologiczno-Historycznego Uniwersytetu Jana Kochanowskiego Filia w Piotrkowie Trybunalskim, Poznań–Bydgoszcz–Piotrków Trybunalski 2017, pp. 264.
Authors: Waingertner Przemysław
Published: June 2018

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Two Phenolic Compounds from Chloroform Fraction of Syzygium Polycephalum MIQ. Stem Bark (Myrtaceae)
Authors: Tukiran Tukiran , Wardhana Andika Pramudya , Hidajati Nurul , Shimizu Kuniyoshi
Published: June 2018

Syzygium polycephalum (Kupa) is a plant of the Myrtaceae family which is one of the endemic plants in Indonesia, commonly called as Gowok. The chemical components of the plant have not been reported so far. This study is intended to know the molecular structures of isolated compounds of chloroform fraction from S. polycephalum stem bark.The steam bark of the plant is dried, powdered and macerated with methanol to yield methanolic extract. The methanolic extract was then conducted to fractionation using hexane and chloroform to obtain hexane and chloroform fractions. The chloroform fraction was further subjected to separation using column chromatography to obtain pure isolates and followed by measuring of their spectroscopic evidences. The isolation of chloroform fraction had led to the findings of two pure isolates. Their structures of isolates were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods and by comparison with the literature data to gain two phenolic compounds that are gallic acid and 3,4,3’-tri-O-methylellagic acid.
The Integration of Sociality, Monoamines, and Stress Neuroendocrinology in Fish Models: Applications in the Neurosciences
Authors: Soares Marta C. , Gerlai Robert , Maximino Caio
Published: June 2018

Animal-focused research has been crucial for scientific advancement however, in this matter, rodents are still taking a starring role. Coming out from merely being supportive of evidence found in rodents, the use of fish models has slowly taken a more central role and expanded its overall contributions in areas such as social sciences, evolution, physiology, and recently in translational medical research. In neurosciences, zebrafish has been widely adopted, contributing to our understanding of the genetic control of brain processes, and the effects of pharmacological manipulations. However, discussion continues regarding the paradox of function versus structure, when fish and mammals are compared, and on the potentially evolutionarily conserved nature of behaviour across fish species. From the behavioural stand point we explored aversive/stress and social behaviour in selected fish models, and refer to the extensive contributions of stress and monoaminergic systems. We suggest that, in spite of marked neuroanatomical differences between fish and mammals, stress and sociality are conserved at the behavioural and molecular levels. We also suggest that stress and sociality are mediated by monoamines in predictable and non-trivial ways, and that monoamines could “bridge” the relationship between stress and social behaviour. To reconcile the level of divergence with the level of similarity, we need neuroanatomical, pharmacological, behavioural, and ecological studies conducted in the laboratory and in nature. These areas need to add to each other to enhance our understanding of fish behaviour and ultimately how this all may translate to better model systems for translational studies.
Health concerns of various nanoparticles: A review of their in vitro and in vivo toxicity
Authors: Ajdari Marziyeh , Moosavi Mohammad , Rahmati Marweh , Falahati Mojtaba , Mahboubi Mohammad , Mandegary Ali , Jangjoo Saranaz , Mohammadinejad Reza , Varma Rajender S.
Published: June 2018

Nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used in diverse disciplines, including biology, medicine science. The central question that need to be answered is whether NPs have toxic effects on biological cells and molecules or are they safe. The safety of NPs including targeted drug delivery is critical and so is their toxicity in the environment. In recent years, in vitro and in vivo research on animals has generated abundant information about the toxicity of NPs. However, due to varying laboratory conditions, the comparison of the results from ensuing studies is somewhat unreliable. It should be noted that, depending on the type of production, NPs can enter the body through inhalation, skin and via digestive routes. Due to the diversity of NPs and their properties, there is paucity of accurate information on their toxicological effects; particle size, shape, surface area and the chemical levels are considered as key factors in creating health and toxicological effects. Consequently, there is a need for reliable information about their effects on various organs so as to deal with NPs effectively and their impact on health and the environment. This review covers the existing knowledge base on the subject that hopefully prepares us better to address these challenges.
Automatic Processing Method for Deformation Monitoring of Circle Tunnels Based on 3D LiDAR Data
Authors: Xie Xiongyao , Zhao Mingrui , He Jiamin , Zhou Biao
Published: June 2018

The application of 3D LiDAR technology has become increasingly extensive in tunnel monitoring due to the large density and high accuracy of the acquired spatial data. The proposed processing method aims at circle tunnels and provides a clear workflow to automatically process raw point data and easily interpretable results to analyze tunnel health state. The proposed automatic processing method employs a series of algorithms to extract point cloud of a single tunnel segment without obvious noise from entire raw tunnel point cloud mainly by three steps: axis acquisition, segments extraction and denoising. Tunnel axis is extracted by fitting boundaries of the tunnel point cloud rejection in plane with RANSAC algorithm. With guidance of axis, the entire preprocessed tunnel point cloud is segmented by equal division to get a section of tunnel point cloud which corresponds to a single tunnel segment. Then the noise in every single point cloud segment is removed by clustering algorithm twice, based on distance and intensity. Finally, clean point clouds of tunnel segments are processed by effective deformation extraction processor to get ovality and three-dimensional deformation nephogram.
Rainfall Prediction with AMSR-E Soil Moisture Products Using SM2RAIN and Nonlinear Autoregressive Networks with Exogenous Input (NARX) for Poorly Gauged Basins: Application to the Karkheh River Basin, Iran
Authors: Fereidoon Majid , Koch Manfred
Published: June 2018

Accurate estimates of daily rainfall are essential for understanding and modeling the physical processes involved in the interaction between the land surface and the atmosphere. In this study, daily satellite soil moisture observations from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer - Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) generated by implementing the standard NASA- algorithm are employed for estimating rainfall, firstly, through the use of recently developed approach, SM2RAIN (Brocca et al., 2013) and, secondly, the nonlinear autoregressive network with exogenous inputs (NARX) neural modelling at five climate stations in the Karkheh river basin (KRB), located in southwest Iran. In the SM2RAIN method, the period 1 January 2003 to 31 December 2005 is used for the calibration of algorithm and the remaining 9 months from 1 January 2006 to 30 September 2006 is used for the validation of the rainfall estimates. In the NARX model, the full study period is split into a training (1 January 2003 to 31 September 2005) and a testing (1 September 2005 to 30 September 2006) stage. For the prediction of the rainfall as the desired target (output), relative soil moisture changes from AMSR-E and measured air temperature time series are chosen as exogenous (external) inputs in NARX. The quality of the estimated rainfall data is evaluated by comparing it with observed rainfall data at the five rain gauges in terms of the correlation coefficient R, the RMSE and the statistical bias. For the SM2RAIN method, R ranges between 0.44 and 0.9 for all stations, whereas for the NARX- model the values are generally slightly lower. Moreover, the values of the bias for each station indicate that although SM2RAIN is likely to underestimate large rainfall intensities, due to the known effect of soil moisture saturation, its biases are somewhat lower than those of NARX. In conclusion, the results of the present study show that with the use of AMSR-E soil moisture products in the physically based SM2RAIN- algorithm as well as in the NARX neural network, rainfall for poorly gauged regions can be fairly predicted.
Linking Temperature, Cation Concentration and Water Activity for the B to Z Conformational Transition in DNA
Authors: Ferreira Jaime M. , Sheardy Richard D.
Published: June 2018

High concentrations of Na+ or [Co(NH3)6]3+ can induce the B to Z conformational transition in alternating (dC-dG) oligo and polynucleotides. The use of short DNA oligomers (dC-dG)4 and (dm5C-dG)4 as models can allow a thermodynamic characterization of the transition. Both form right handed double helical structures (B-DNA) in standard phosphate buffer with 115 mM Na+ at 25 oC. However, at 2.0 M Na+ or 200 mM [Co(NH3)6]3+, (dm5C-dG)4 assumes a left handed double helical structure (Z-DNA) while the unmethylated (dC-dG)4 analogue remains right handed under those conditions. We have previously demonstrated that the enthalpy of the transition at 25 oC for either inducer can be determined using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) [Ferreira, J. M. & Sheardy, R. D., Biophys. J. 2006, 91, 1–7]. Here, ITC is used to investigate the linkages between temperature, water activity and DNA conformation. We found that the determined enthalpy for each titration varied linearly with temperature allowing determination of the heat capacity change (DCp) between the initial and final states. As expected, the DCp values were dependent upon the cation (i.e. Na+ vs [Co(NH3)6]3+) as well as the sequence of the DNA oligomer (i. e., methylated vs unmethylated). Osmotic stress experiments were carried out to determine the gain or loss of water by the oligomer induced by the titration. The results are discussed in terms of solvent accessible surface areas, electrostatic interactions and the role of water.
Evaluating Greenhouse Tomato and Pepper Input Efficiency Use in Kosovo
Authors: Frangu Blend , Popp Jennie Sheerin , Thomsen Michael , Musliu Arben
Published: June 2018

This study evaluates the input efficiency of greenhouse tomato and pepper farms in Kosovo. Using data collected from farm surveys, we conduct an input-oriented data envelopment analysis (DEA) to empirically assess input efficiency. Secondly, linear regression analysis is used to investigate which farm variables predict greenhouse tomato and pepper technical efficiency (TE). The DEA results indicated that among the seven regions in Kosovo, Prizren emerged as the most efficient greenhouse tomato producing region with a mean efficiency of 0.83 (on a scale of 0 to 1). Prishtina followed with a mean efficiency of 0.80. In the production of greenhouse peppers, Prishtina was the most efficient region with a mean efficiency of 0.99. Ferizaj followed with a mean efficiency of 0.93. Conclusions about farm characteristics that explain differences in efficiency were sensitive to model specification. Nevertheless, depending on the structural and operational characteristics of the greenhouse tomato and pepper farms, there is an opportunity for the technically inefficient farms and regions to improve their use of inputs.
Many-body localization in the Fock space of natural orbitals
Authors: Buijsman Wouter , Gritsev Vladimir , Cheianov Vadim
Published: June 2018

We study the eigenstates of a paradigmatic model of many-body
localization in the Fock basis constructed out of the natural orbitals.
By numerically studying the participation ratio, we identify a sharp
crossover between different phases at a disorder strength close to the
disorder strength at which subdiffusive behaviour sets in, significantly
below the many-body localization transition. We repeat the analysis in
the conventionally used computational basis, and show that many-body
localized eigenstates are much stronger localized in the Fock basis
constructed out of the natural orbitals than in the computational
basis.
Association of water quality with soil-transmitted helminthiasis and diarrhea in Nueva Santa Rosa, Guatemala, 2010
Authors: Matanock Almea , Lu Xin , Derado Gordana , Cuéllar Victoria M. , Juliao Patricia , Alvarez Maricruz , López Beatriz , Muñoz Fredy , Thornton Andrew , Patel Jaymin C. , Lopez Gerard , Reyes Lissette , Arvelo Wences , Blackstock Anna J. , Lindblade Kim A. , Roy Sharon L.
Published: June 2018

Improved water quality reduces diarrhea, but the impact of improved water quality on Ascaris and Trichuris, soil-transmitted helminths (STH) conveyed by the fecal-oral route, is less well described. To assess water quality associations with diarrhea and STH, we conducted a cross-sectional survey in households of south-eastern Guatemala. Diarrhea was self-reported in the past week and month. STH was diagnosed by stool testing using a fecal parasite concentrator method. We explored associations between Escherichia coli-positive source water (water quality) and disease outcomes using survey logistic regression models. Overall, 732 persons lived in 167 households where water was tested. Of these, 79.4% (581/732) had E. coli-positive water, 7.9% (58/732) had diarrhea within the week, 14.1% (103/732) had diarrhea within the month, and 6.6% (36/545) tested positive for Ascaris or Trichuris, including 1% (6/536) who also reported diarrhea. Univariable analysis found a statistically significant association between water quality and STH (odds ratio [OR] = 5.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1–24.5) but no association between water quality and diarrhea. Waterborne transmission and effects of water treatment on STH prevalence should be investigated further. If a causal relationship is found, practices such as household water treatment including filtration might be useful adjuncts to sanitation, hygiene, and deworming in STH control programs.
Synthetic Polymer-based Electrospun Fibers: Biofunctionalization Strategies and Recent Advances in Tissue Engineering, Drug Delivery and Diagnostics
Authors: Pertici Vincent , Martrou Guillaume , Gigmes Didier , Trimaille Thomas
Published: June 2018

Background: Over the last decades, synthetic polymer-based electrospun
nano/microfibers have emerged as potent materials in crucial biomedical applications
such as tissue engineering, drug delivery and diagnostics. This is mainly attributed to versatility
and reproducibility of the electrospinning (ES) process, as well as the high surface-
to-volume ratio of the generated nanostructures. Appropriate functionalization with
dedicated biomolecules (i.e. cell adhesive peptides, therapeutic molecules, bio-probes) is
a critical requirement for the performances of such materials in their related application.

Methods: We report on the different chemical methodologies for preparing biofunctionalized
synthetic polymer fibers, on the basis of two main approaches: biomolecule introduction
after ES process (post-ES) and before ES (pre-ES). We then focused on the latest implications
of such materials in areas of tissue engineering, drug delivery and diagnostics.

Results: This review describes the numerous immobilization strategies (either covalent or
non-covalent) developed for designing biofunctionalized fibers, as well as their impact on
their properties in dedicated application. The inputs of advanced conjugation tools
(“clickable” chemistries, PEG linkers) for biofunctionalization are also highlighted. In the
light of the literature, it appears that increasing research efforts are now devoted to multifunctional
character and fiber combination with other materials (hydrogels, inorganic particles,
microfluidic devices) for improved and tunable performances.

Conclusion: Owing to flexibility and robustness of ES process as well as advances in
conjugation and polymer/material engineering, high degree of control over biofunctionalization
can now be achieved, to fit as best as possible the requirements of the targeted
application. The performances reached up to now augur well for the future of such class
of materials.
Diabetes in Menopause: Risks and Management
Authors: Paschou Stavroula Α. , Anagnostis Panagiotis , Pavlou Dimitra I. , Vryonidou Andromachi , Goulis Dimitrios G. , Lambrinoudaki Irene
Published: June 2018

The aim of this review is to present, critically appraise and qualitatively synthesize current
evidence on the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) development during menopause, the management
of climacteric symptoms in women with T2DM and the management of T2DM in postmenopausal
women. Menopause represents the end of reproductive life in women, as a result of ovarian aging. It is
characterized by substantial decrease in the endogenous oestrogen concentrations and it is accompanied
by alterations in body weight, adipose tissue distribution and energy expenditure, as well as insulin secretion,
insulin sensitivity and activity that can predispose to the development of T2DM, independently
of, and additively to, aging. Many women in midlife experience climacteric symptoms, including hot
flushes and night sweats, resulting in an indication to receive Hormone Replacement Treatment (HRT).
HRT has a favourable effect on glucose homeostasis both in women without and with T2DM. The latter
was considered in the past as a cardiovascular disease (CVD) equivalent, which would suggest that
women with the disease should not receive HRT. However, nowadays evidence exists to support an
individualized approach of women based on their CVD risk, as some women with T2DM may be excellent
candidates for HRT. Regarding T2DM management for women in menopause, lifestyle intervention,
including diet and exercise, constitutes its cornerstone. However, most of these women will eventually
require pharmacologic therapy. The most suitable agents should be selected according to their
metabolic, cardiovascular and bone effects, taking into consideration the specific characteristics and
comorbidities of each postmenopausal woman.
Requirement Specification of wearable blanket for monitoring patients in ambulance (Preprint)
Authors: Rezayi Sorayya , Safaei Ali Asghar , Mohammadzadeh Niloofar
Published: June 2018

UNSTRUCTURED

Objective: Todays, the smart systems and developed tools such as wearable systems have significantly increased for monitoring the patients and controlling their conditions consistently. The present study aimed at determining the requirements for designing a wearable smart blanket system that is able to monitoring the condition of patients in ambulance.
Method: After identifying the features of wearable systems based on comparative study, the description of the requirements for creating the proposed system in ambulance was considered. Firstly, some studies were conducted for identifying the wearable system development. Secondly, the questionnaire elicited from the studies was distributed among the physicians and specialists.
Results: Wearable smart blanket system has some specific functional features such as monitoring the vital signs, communicating with the surroundings, processing the vital signals instantly, warning when the vital signs exceed the threshold, and storing all vital signs. In addition, they should have the non-functional features such as easy installment and function, interactivity, error fault tolerance, low energy consumption, the accuracy of signs stability, and data analysis.
Conclusion: Wearable smart blanket system records all the required vital signs for controlling the individuals in an integrative way and provides the interpreted data for the treatment team in ambulance. Thus, all medical, diagnostic, and monitoring data related to the individuals are stored in the physician assistant system enabling the ambulance physician to take the early diagnosis without delay. The benefits of wearable smart blankets can be converted as an alternative to the current equipment in ambulance.
About the influence of temperature and humidity level on pulse shape parameters of positive DC corona discharges in air
Authors: Lühring Ulrich , Wienold Daniel , Jenau Frank
Published: June 2018

The increasing importance of HVDC transmission systems requires the development and evaluation of suitable basic approaches regarding the partial discharge diagnosis. Although diverse promising approaches are identified, recent research is focused on standard atmospheric conditions. Due to the fact that this is just partly consistent to real operating conditions, additional research is required. Focusing on the time domain analysis of corona discharges, occurring under positive DC voltage stress in air, a measurement method for investigating the influence of varying atmospheric quantities is presented. Measurements are carried out for five different relative humidity levels in the range of 20 % to 95 % and for four different temperature levels in the range of 20 °C to 65 °C. As characterizing pulse shape parameters, the rise time, the pulse width and the fall time are determined as well as the apparent charge. The gained values are compared to each other and reconciled with physical processes.
Visual Information for digital inclusion process in hybrid libraries and librarians’ action
Authors: Carolina da Silva Rafaela , Vicentini Jorente Maria José , Formentini Caldas Rosângela , Nakano Natalia
Published: June 2018

El conjunto de acciones y condiciones culturales de una sociedad produce información, de tal manera que actúa directamente sobre el desarrollo, uso de servicios y bienes por parte de dicha sociedad. Se fomenta la inclusión digital y el uso de imágenes como idiomas convergentes dentro de las bibliotecas híbridas. Apuntamos a estudiar los recursos atractivos proporcionados por el lenguaje visual en los procesos de inclusión social y digital. Por lo tanto, realizamos una revisión de la literatura sobre la sintaxis de los lenguajes visuales. Como resultado, se construyó una guía para bibliotecarios. Concluimos que la comprensión y el uso de imágenes sirven como convergencia para quienes experimentan dichos lenguajes.
Desarrollo desigual y trabajo potenciado en la eurozona
Authors: Boundi Chraki Fahd
Published: June 2018

El objetivo de la presente investigación consiste en ofrecer evidencia empírica
que apoye la hipótesis, según la cual el desarrollo desigual de la eurozona es explicado por las diferencias en la cantidad empleada de trabajo potenciado en relación con el trabajo social medio de la región. Para tal efecto se construyó un panel de datos dinámico conformado por los siete principales países de la eurozona con sus respectivos sectores manufactureros para el periodo 2000-2014.  La prueba de causalidad de Granger apunta que las disparidades intrasectoriales en la compensación del capital están provocadas por los niveles relativos de los costos laborales unitarios reales, la intensidad del capital y la tasa de acumulación.
El diseño del modelo institucional de la Procuraduría General de la República en la eficiencia de la denuncia ambiental
Authors: Peralta Escobarb Laila Alicia , Gutiérrez Garza Esthela , Carmona Lara María del Carmen
Published: June 2018

La Procuraduría General de la República es una institución de orden público que ha sufrido cambios estructurales que fundamentan y explican el comportamiento de la denuncia ambiental. El presente artículo tiene como finalidad el análisis de dichos patrones de comportamiento, de manera cronológica y con vista en su andamiaje institucional hasta su especialización, esto, a través de estadísticas, gráficas y líneas de tiempo, mostrando don datos duros los cambios sufridos por la denuncia ambiental dentro de las entidades federativas del país.
La responsabilidad de las redes sociales: el caso de Ashley Madison
Authors: Platero Alcón Alejandro
Published: June 2018

El presente trabajo tiene por objeto analizar el tratamiento de datos personales efectuado por las redes sociales. Las redes sociales permiten a los usuarios realizar un nivel de interacción con otros usuarios, usuarios que pueden encontrarse en cualquier lugar del mundo; pero no todos los aspectos de las redes sociales son positivos, sino que al realizar una actividad jurídica, deben adaptarse a la normativa de protección de datos europea, y a la de los diferentes países en los que operen. Se analizará, a través del ejemplo de la red social Ashley Madison, si es posible aplicar la legislación nacional de protección de datos personales para exigir una responsabilidad a la misma, fundamentalmente civil, por inadecuado tratamiento de datos personales, siendo necesario exponer también el régimen de competencia judicial internacional aplicable.
Las nuevas reglas sobre información y prueba del derecho extranjero en el sistema español de derecho internacional privado
Authors: Ybarra Bores Alfonso , Rodríguez Benot Andrés
Published: June 2018

La entrada en vigor en España de la Ley 29/2015, 30 de julio, de cooperación jurídica internacional en materia civil, ha supuesto la incorporación de reglas especiales acerca de la información y prueba del derecho extranjero. Reglas que, por una parte, ofrecen soluciones novedosas en este campo y que, por otra, adolecen de ausencia de una reforma global de este sector del derecho internacional privado.
De Harvard a Stanford. sobre la historia de la educación jurídica en los Estados Unidos
Authors: Pérez Perdomo Rogelio
Published: June 2018

En la tradición inglesa, la educación jurídica estaba a cargo de la profesión. Esta manera de educar a los abogados no se adaptó bien a la estructura social de los territorios de la América del Norte que formaron luego los Estados Unidos. Desde final del siglo XVIII se introdujo la educación jurídica en las universidades o en escuelas profesionales. El estilo de educación jurídica de los Estados Unidos que conocemos hoy fue creado por Harvard a partir de 1870. Stanford comenzó ofreciendo educación jurídica desde finales del siglo XIX, y se ha transformado en una escuela especialmente reconocida hoy por la innovación y la excelencia. El artículo ofrece una historia corta de la educación jurídica centrada en la contribución de esas dos grandes escuelas.
Senderos constitucionales
Authors: Valadés Diego
Published: June 2018

En todos los Estados constitucionales se presenta el problema de establecer la relación entre lo previsto por la norma y lo registrado en la normalidad. Se han desarrollado varios indicadores para mensurar diversos aspectos de los fenómenos culturales, económicas, políticas y sociales. Esos indicadores permiten identificar el desempeño de algunas instituciones constitucionales, pero sigue haciendo falta un índice para medir el nivel efectivo de aplicación de los preceptos de una Constitución. En este ensayo se examinan los indicadores vigentes que ayudan a conocer el desempeño de algunas instituciones constitucionales y se plantea la necesidad de diseñar un instrumental propio de las Constituciones, para determinar de manera empírica su efectividad.
La inconstitucionalidad de la colegiación obligatoria y el control de la deontología profesional en Ecuador según la resolución 0038-2007 TC del 5 de marzo de 2008, del Tribunal Constitucional
Authors: Marcheco Acuña Benjamín
Published: June 2018

Este trabajo realiza un análisis crítico de la Resolución 0038-2007 del 5 de marzo de 2008 del entonces Tribunal Constitucional ecuatoriano, por la cual se declaró inconstitucional la exigencia de adscripción obligatoria a agrupaciones gremiales contenida en treinta disposiciones legales, por entenderla contradictoria con los derechos a la libre empresa y de asociación consagrados en los numerales 16 y 19 del artículo 23 de la entonces vigente Constitución Política; tanto para demostrar la poca solidez técnica de sus argumentos como, fundamentalmente, para evidenciar los efectos negativos que produjo sobre el control de las reglas éticas y deontológicas, al privar a los colegios de sus poderes de vigilancia, corrección y sanción sobre toda la actividad profesional.
Propuestas de tres reformas constitucionales para mejorar la fiscalización de recursos públicos
Authors: Acosta Yahir
Published: June 2018

Este documento hace un recuento de los alcances más importantes de las dos reformas constitucionales del 26 y 27 de mayo de 2015 que modificaron los artículos 79, 116 y 122 en relación con la fiscalización de recursos públicos, para después centrarse en el análisis de las inconsistencias generadas por estas reformas, en cuanto a los principios rectores de la labor fiscalizadora de la Auditoría Superior de la Federación y las auditorías subnacionales. Mi hipótesis es que ambas reformas generaron una contradicción entre lo que establecen dichos artículos constitucionales respecto a los principios de anualidad y posterioridad. Además, desaprovecharon la oportunidad para resolver una añeja incoherencia respecto del principio de definitividad. Este artículo concluye proponiendo tres reformas a la Constitución que le darán coherencia, balance y sobre todo certidumbre jurídica tanto a los entes fiscalizados como a los entes fiscalizadores.
El constitucionalismo internacional y la Organización Mundial de Comercio: el caso de los protocolos de adhesión
Authors: Peixoto Batista Juliana
Published: June 2018

El objetivo de este trabajo es examinar los protocolos de adhesión de la OMC y observar en qué medida contribuyen a una mayor armonización y coherencia normativa, en el marco de un proceso de constitucionalización del sistema multilateral de comercio. Según la literatura sobre el tema, el proceso de constitucionalización en el sistema multilateral de comercio se da en dos sentidos: por un lado, existe una transferencia de funciones regulatorias —con inspiración constitucional— desde la esfera nacional hacia la esfera multilateral; por otro, ese proceso de constitucionalización vuelve al ámbito nacional, en forma de obligaciones que los Estados deben cumplir. En tal sentido, primero se hace una revisión de la literatura sobre el constitucionalismo internacional, su surgimiento, evolución y desafíos. Luego, se analiza el proceso de adhesión en el sistema multilateral. Por último, se examinan los protocolos de adhesión, para luego tejer algunas conclusiones.
La relación entre la doctrina del control de convencionalidad y el derecho nacional
Authors: González Domínguez Pablo
Published: June 2018

La doctrina del control de convencionalidad impone obligaciones internaciones a todas las autoridades de los Estados parte de la Convención Americana sobre Derechos Humanos. Sin embargo, esta doctrina está íntimamente relacionada con el derecho nacional. Este artículo explora esa relación, desde una perspectiva tanto descriptiva como normativa. En la primera parte, explica que el origen del control de convencionalidad se relaciona con el fenómeno de constitucionalización del derecho internacional de los derechos humanos en Latinoamérica, el cual ha tenido lugar en los últimos 30 años. En la segunda parte, argumenta que el entendimiento sobre la operatividad del control de convencionalidad debe depender de diversas normas y principios en los ordenamientos jurídicos nacionales. En consecuencia, el artículo propone una visión del control de convencionalidad que reconoce la existencia de legítimos espacios de autodeterminación constitucional en la manera en que éste opera en el ámbito estatal.
Reforming Mexico’s Anti-Trafficking in Persons Legislation
Authors: Correa-Cabrera Guadalupe , Sanders Montandon Arthur
Published: June 2018

In the past few years, Mexico has taken a number of measures to further prevention, protection, and prosecution of trafficking in persons. The country’s government has signed international anti-trafficking conventions and has taken some aspects of widely accepted international definitions of this crime as a reference when drafting its anti-trafficking legislation. However, Mexican lawmakers have interpreted human trafficking in their own terms. Mexico’s current anti-trafficking legislation is based on a quite broad definition of trafficking in persons and shows serious limitations that have led to the misidentification of victims and traffickers, as well as to re-victimization. This adds to Mexico’s weak rule of law, corruption, and the involvement of interest groups with particular agendas/ideologies that have obstructed reform. The present analysis demonstrates the imperative necessity to modify the current anti-trafficking legislation in Mexico and provides some basic suggestions for this much-needed reform.
The Right to Self-Determination of Peoples: Notes on its Compatibility With Three Models of Global Order
Authors: Martinez Cruz Francisco
Published: June 2018

The right to self-determination has become an increasing legitimate demand of peoples seeking recognition and autonomy. In the beginning, this right was conceived in favor of peoples that depended on colonial powers, but today it has become a claim of any people that considers itself a people, as in the case of indigenous peoples or non-colonized peoples. This concept of the right to self-determination seems to be the path leading to a more heterogeneous world. Conversely, the rise of various problems that affect us globally seems to require the creation of international political institutions capable of solving these problems, which would most likely lead us toward a more homogeneous global order. Although both tendencies have powerful reasons that make them irreversible, it is not clear how they can co-exist. In this article, the author discusses whether a broad notion of the right to self-determination is compatible with three different models of global order proposed by Thomas Christiano, Rafael Domingo, and James Bohman, respectively.
Executory Contracts in Mexican Insolvency Law
Authors: C. Méjan Luis Manuel
Published: June 2018

The Mexican Law Review published an article by Dr. Susana Dávalos entitled “The Rejection of Executory Contracts”1 that addresses the comparison of three legal systems in Spain, Germany and the United States of America when dealing with contracts pending execution when a debtor is declared insolvent. From the analysis of these three systems, the author concludes, for the reasons given therein, that the Spanish regime is the most adequate to reach the objectives pursued by insolvency procedures. Motivated by the reading of this interesting work, the objective of this comment is to show how the regime Mexican legislation has adopted to deal with this issue.
Modelo analítico del derecho de información de los representantes de los trabajadores y valoración de su reconocimiento en Chile
Authors: Palomo Vélez Rodrigo
Published: June 2018

El derecho de información, además de constituir una importante prerrogativa de la representación colectiva de los trabajadores, tiene una naturaleza instrumental respecto del correcto desarrollo de otras competencias a las que sirve, por elevación, respecto de la propia función representativa. Su reconocimiento constituye, por tanto, un factor distintivo y de importancia vital en la adopción y consolidación de un modelo democrático de relaciones laborales. En este trabajo se explican las bases dogmáticas del derecho de información de los representantes de los trabajadores, a partir de la comprensión de su fundamento jurídico y su naturaleza eminentemente instrumental. Luego, se identifican las principales fórmulas que concretan su reconocimiento normativo, proponiendo al efecto una matriz de elementos que permitan valorar tal reconocimiento en los diversos sistemas jurídicos y, en particular, en el chileno.
Coupled T-H-M processes’ effect on specific energy in continuous wave fiber laser rock perforation
Authors: Erfan M. R. , Shahriar K. , Sharifzadeh M. , Ahmadi M. , Mousavi M.
Published: June 2018

Laser perforation of oil and gas wells is a new method for well completion as an alternative to blasting methods. Under real perforation in oil and gas wells, three main factors have influence on the laser perforation such as specific energy (i.e., energy required to remove the unit weight of rock). These three factors are temperature, the hydraulic pressure of fluid flow, and confining pressure. This paper investigates the role and significance of the coupled T-H-M (thermo-hydraulic-mechanical) processes on specific energy (SE) and rate of penetration (RoP). For physical modeling of T-H-M processes, a new cell and setup is designed and developed. In this setup, a circular part of the front side of the cylindrical sample is open in order to interact with the laser beam while the temperature, hydraulic pressure, and confining pressure are applied to the sample. The rock tested under four temperature steps from 25 to 120 °C (temperature range of major oil reservoir in fractured rocks), the hydraulic pressure was chosen in five steps from 0 to 35 MPa (fluid pressure range of more than 70% of Iranian oil reservoir rocks), and confining pressure was selected from 0 to 40 MPa (ranges of overburden pressures). Test results show rises in specific energy with incremental increases in rock temperature, hydraulic pressure, and confining pressure, while the rate of penetration decreases.
Promoción de empoderamiento de género en la población indígena de Querétaro, México, a través de la difusión de la salud reproductiva por parte de las parteras
Authors: Romero Zepeda Jorge Adán
Published: June 2018

La información obtenida en trabajo de campo hace ver que las parteras tradicionales han actuado directamente para hacer respetar los derechos de las mujeres, compartiendo una visión común en donde la mujer tiene los mismos derechos que el hombre en todo tipo de ámbitos, concretamente ya sea en el espacio privado, o en las relaciones matrimoniales. Se afirma la importancia de que la colaboración en las tareas del hogar y la crianza de los hijos deben ser llevadas por partes iguales, tanto la esposa como el esposo, y que la toma de decisiones sobre sexualidad y planificación familiar debe de ser abierta y consensuada. Las parteras poseen autoridad suficiente en su comunidad como para influir en la vida privada de las personas, y en repetidas ocasiones ellas confrontan la autoridad masculina en las relaciones intrafamiliares, sin que el conflicto resultante las amedrente.
Ecoturismo comunitario y conservación ambiental: la experiencia de La Ventanilla, Oaxaca, México
Authors: Vargas del Río David , Brenner Ludger
Published: June 2018

Mientras los apoyos financieros y logísticos para promover la conservación en comunidades campesinas e indígenas aumentan, la literatura sobre ecoturismo comunitario, que es una de sus estrategias más destacadas, está llena de contradicciones y suposiciones carentes de respaldo empírico. Particularmente, en lo que se refiere al cambio a largo plazo que esta modificación en las actividades productivas representa. Para analizar tales cuestiones se identificaron y evaluaron las profundas trasformaciones sociopolíticas impulsadas por esta actividad en La Ventanilla: un destino mexicano ubicado en la costa del estado de Oaxaca, y que frecuentemente se menciona como un caso ejemplar por su desarrollo social y ambientalmente equilibrado. En este artículo se presenta un estudio detallado de la ecología política a diferentes escalas geográficas y a lo largo del tiempo. Los resultados contrastan con otras versiones más optimistas que carecen de la visión diacrónica. Más bien, se ilustra un “choque de trenes institucional” que, paradójicamente, hace más vulnerable la ecología local: menor cohesión social, reciprocidad, sentido de comunidad y confianza mutua, mientras se detonan procesos como la especulación y la desigualdad. Consecuentemente, la intervención de actores externos, aunque bien intencionada, ha agudizado las desigualdades socioeconómicas y debilitado las instituciones locales.
Alimentos saludables: la percepción de los jóvenes adolescentes en Monterrey, Nuevo León
Authors: Alvarado Lagunas Elías , Luyando Cuevas José Raúl
Published: June 2018

En este artículo se presentan los resultados de la caracterización del consumo de alimentos saludables en Monterrey, obtenidos mediante la aplicación de una encuesta y un Análisis Factorial. Este último permite explicar las correlaciones entre las variables observadas, en términos de un número menor de variables no observadas llamadas factores. El objetivo fue conocer la percepción de los adolescentes sobre el riesgo a la salud que existe en torno a su alimentación cotidiana. Uno de los principales resultados de la investigación es que los adolescentes poseen una percepción poco clara de lo que sería una alimentación saludable.
Sociologie du tourisme
Authors: García Garza Domingo
Published: June 2018

El pequeño libro de Bertrand Reau y Saskia Cousin, Sociología del turismo, pasa casi desapercibido, tanto en Francia como en México. La reciente declaración de la cocina mexicana y de la “comida gastronómica” de los franceses como parte del patrimonio cultural inmaterial de la humanidad, establecida por la UNESCO, servirá, sin duda, para apreciar el libro en su justo valor. Ello es porque el impacto de la consagración mundial de la cocina, ayuda no solo al desarrollo de investigaciones en este campo de estudios, sino que también se traducirá en una revalorización de los platos populares como los tacos, el pozole o el caldo tlalpeño, así como en una promoción turística de sus respectivos terruños.
Un modelo econométrico de la demanda de tortilla de maíz en México, 1996-2008
Authors: Retes Mantilla Rogel Fernando , Torres Sanabria Guillermo , Garrido Roldán Samuel
Published: June 2018

La tortilla de maíz es un alimento fundamental en la dieta de los mexicanos. Sin embargo, su demanda disminuyó 36.7% de 1996 a 2008. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar y medir por estratos de ingreso los principales factores económicos que afectaron la demanda de este alimento en México. Para ello, se estimaron tres modelos uniecuacionales del comportamiento de su demanda utilizando datos de ENIGH y Banxico. Los resultados indican una respuesta inelástica de los consumidores a los cambios en el precio de la tortilla, el gasto y los bienes relacionados; por lo que la tortilla se comporta como un bien normal inferior para los estratos referidos. Asimismo, el frijol, el porcino, el bovino, la salsa (chile, tomate y cebolla) y el queso funcionan como complementos de la tortilla; y el pan, el arroz y la papa como sus sustitutos.
Indicadores para el estudio de la sustentabilidad urbana en Chimalhuacán, Estado de México
Authors: Moreno Sánchez Enrique
Published: June 2018

El trabajo da a conocer los indicadores generados en el estudio de la sustentabilidad urbana en el municipio de Chimalhuacán, ubicado en la región oriente del Estado de México. Tiene sus características en lo territorial, lo urbano y lo social, con la complejidad y vínculo que presenta dicho territorio con la Zona Metropolitana de la ciudad de México, la más grande del país y de Latinoamérica. Generar indicadores para el estudio del territorio municipal, significa construir herramientas que permitan conocer el impacto humano en lo ambiental, social y económico, y que sean relevantes para la toma de decisión, tengan solidez analítica y sean sustento en la planificación y gestión gubernamental.