bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Terek Cossacks in the Conditions of “Extending” the New Economic Policy: Changes in the Ethnodemographic Structure and Public Opinion
Authors: Baranov Andrey
Published: September 2019

Introduction. The subject of this work is the ethno-demographic structure and public opinion of the Terek Cossacks during the period of the NEP “extending”. The purpose of the article is to determine the peculiarities of changes in the ethnodemographic structure and public opinion of the Terek Cossacks in the context of “extending” the new economic policy (autumn 1924–1926).

Methods and materials. The research methodology includes social constructivism as applied to interpreting the Cossacks’ ethnicity. The paper uses the synchronous and diachronic comparative analysis of political orientations of Cossack property layers; a variation series was built on the materials of the All-Union Census of 1926 to identify the total number of the Terek Cossacks and its ethnic identity.

Analysis and results. The policy of party-Soviet authorities on “extending” the NEP was carried out on the Terek in part, which was explained by interethnic and land conflicts in the region, the Terek’s border strategic location. This conclusion relates to the scale of the amnesty of white movement participants, “revitalization” of local Soviets, easing of policies towards well-off layers of the Cossacks, and their public associations. The response of Terek Cossacks manifested in public opinion developed from the initial hope for democratic elections of councils, cooperatives, land societies (autumn 1924 – spring 1925) to disappointment in inconsistent reforms, to Cossacks’ attempts to seize local governments (elections of 1926). The article also proves the predominance of Russian ethnic identity among Terek Cossacks, establishes the territorial structure of their residence area (based on the census of 1926). The author proves the direct proportional relationship between the level of urbanization of the Cossacks living in multiethnic local communities and the choice of Russian identity.
The Russian Cossacks and the Problem of Identity with the Question: Who Are We?
Authors: Bugay Nikolai
Published: September 2019

Introduction. On August 29, 2013, director of the Department of State National Policy in the Sphere of Inter-Ethnic Relations of the Ministry of Regional Development A. Zhuravskiy answered to the question “Are Cossacks a People?” in the interview with the Cossack Information Centre the following: “The issue of Cossack identity is associated with the success of the state policy of the Russian Federation in relation to the Russian Cossacks. Only specific and effective work on implementing existing conceptual and strategic documents can help overcome the crisis of Cossack identity.” In the conditions of revival of the Russian Cossacks in the 1990s – 2000s, the issue of its identity becomes relevant. The fact is that identity continues to be the basis in solving many problems of arranging the Cossacks as its consolidating component. Methods and materials. The article is based on the principle of historicism, balance in reflecting the characteristics of the Russian Cossacks, chronological sequence of presentation, objectivism. The main source base, first of all, are the regulatory legal acts of the 1990s and the subsequent time. The author was directly involved in developing many of these legal acts at the governmental level. Analysis. Obviously, in the 1990s – 2000s, the problem of identity in modern conditions acquired a global character. The author not coincidentally adresses to the international practice as applied to other peoples. In this connection, the author pays attention to the interpretation of the issue according to the “power and the Cossacks” vector, which is confirmed by the specific material set forth, especially on the participation of Cossacks in modern life in Russia. Despite the fact that much has already been set forth in terms of social, cultural identity as its most accessible types, nevertheless, there is a particular need to study such types of identity as national and territorial ones, which in the modern framework determine the position of the Cossacks in society, its relation to peoples who lived for centuries or jointly. Studying territorial identity will be valuable as well due to the fact that the land for a Cossack’s household remained a priority problem in terms of household management and his military service. Results. Probably, these three dimensions: success of the economic sector, conceptuality in presentation, consideration of the strategy verified by life experience, all sorts of practices will form a solid basis for further studying the problem of the Cossack identity. This will determine the study of other existing types of identity in relation to the Russian Cossacks. At all times, the Cossacks remained adherents of the religion of identity, patriotism, military service, etc. Knowledge of the problem of identity in relation to the Russian Cossacks expands the range of knowledge of society on the history of the Cossacks, both in the past and in the conditions of modernity.
The Influence of Railways on the Economy of the North East of the Don Host Region (60s – 90s of the 19th Century)
Authors: Lunochkin Andrei
Published: September 2019

Introduction. The article deals with the issue of the influence of the railways built in the 1860s – 1890s in the northeast of the Don Cossack Host Region on the economic development of this region.

Methods. Published reports of railway joint-stock companies and archival statistical materials, observations of contemporaries show that this influence was ambiguous.

Analysis and results. Gryaz-Tsaritsyn railway, which passed through the densely populated and fertile areas of Khopyorsky and Ust-Medveditsky districts, had the most positive impact on the economy. As a result, grain and livestock production significantly increased, agricultural marketability increased, old major trade and industry centers (Uryupinskaya stanitsa) were developing and new ones (Mikhaylovka sloboda, Privokzalny khutor) appeared. At the same time, the very first Volga-Don railway was mainly transit and had no noticeable impact on the development of the surrounding area, except for Kalach terminal station. Tsaritsyn- Tikhoretsk and East-Donetsk railways passed through the sparsely populated and infertile margin of the region, far from large settlements. Their influence on the local economy at first was rather negative and led to the collapse of the traditional horse carriage. The old trade centers, Nizhne-Chirskaya stanitsa and Kalach-on-Don khutor, were put in unfavorable conditions, which led to the slowdown in their development and the outflow of goods and traders to Oblivskaya and Morozovskaya railway stations.
The Great Russian Revolution and Practices of Modernization Through the Prism of “Cossack World” Development
Authors: Pankratov Sergey
Published: September 2019

Introduction. There is a scientific, theoretical and practical necessity to understand modern phenomena of revolution and modernization. Тhe political analysis of the influence of revolutionary events and modernization changes on the development of the Cossacks, not only as an ethnic community and social group, but as a kind of “world” that is currently undergoing a revival process, is of particular interest.

Methods and materials. The paper relies on theoretical conclusions of researchers who specialize in the field of the theory of social change and development, political transitology, global studies, ensuring national and global security.

Analysis. This paper presents the scientific analysis of socio-political practices of transformation of the Russian state and society in the historical perspective. The interrelation between the revolutionary events in Russia at the beginning of the 20th century and the contemporary stage of the national modernization are traced. The author interprets the results of a survey devoted to public opinion of Russians regarding the causes and significance of the revolutionary process of 1917. The paper is focused on the correlation between “revolution” and “modernization” phenomena in the context of setting and achieving goals, tasks, using various technologies of social change.

Results. The author characterizes the influence of modernization transformations on life activities of the ethnic community – the Cossacks. The article identifies the problematic aspects of the Cossacks’ “revival” at the present stage of the socio-political modernization of Russia. The author proposes the integrative concept of the etatist model of the political modernization of Russia considering the parameters of stable and safe development.
Similarity Learning via Kernel Preserving Embedding
Authors: Kang Zhao , Lu Yiwei , Su Yuanzhang , Li Changsheng , Xu Zenglin
Published: September 2019

Data similarity is a key concept in many data-driven applications. Many algorithms are sensitive to similarity measures. To tackle this fundamental problem, automatically learning of similarity information from data via self-expression has been developed and successfully applied in various models, such as low-rank representation, sparse subspace learning, semisupervised learning. However, it just tries to reconstruct the original data and some valuable information, e.g., the manifold structure, is largely ignored. In this paper, we argue that it is beneficial to preserve the overall relations when we extract similarity information. Specifically, we propose a novel similarity learning framework by minimizing the reconstruction error of kernel matrices, rather than the reconstruction error of original data adopted by existing work. Taking the clustering task as an example to evaluate our method, we observe considerable improvements compared to other state-ofthe-art methods. More importantly, our proposed framework is very general and provides a novel and fundamental building block for many other similarity-based tasks. Besides, our proposed kernel preserving opens up a large number of possibilities to embed high-dimensional data into low-dimensional space.
MFPCA: Multiscale Functional Principal Component Analysis
Authors: Lin Zhenhua , Zhu Hongtu
Published: September 2019

We consider the problem of performing dimension reduction on heteroscedastic functional data where the variance is in different scales over entire domain. The aim of this paper is to propose a novel multiscale functional principal component analysis (MFPCA) approach to address such heteroscedastic issue. The key ideas of MFPCA are to partition the whole domain into several subdomains according to the scale of variance, and then to conduct the usual functional principal component analysis (FPCA) on each individual subdomain. Both theoretically and numerically, we show that MFPCA can capture features on areas of low variance without estimating high-order principal components, leading to overall improvement of performance on dimension reduction for heteroscedastic functional data. In contrast, traditional FPCA prioritizes optimizing performance on the subdomain of larger data variance and requires a practically prohibitive number of components to characterize data in the region bearing relatively small variance.
Near-Neighbor Methods in Random Preference Completion
Authors: Liu Ao , Wu Qiong , Liu Zhenming , Xia Lirong
Published: September 2019

This paper studies a stylized, yet natural, learning-to-rank problem and points out the critical incorrectness of a widely used nearest neighbor algorithm. We consider a model with n agents (users) {xi}i∈[n] and m alternatives (items) {yl}l∈[m], each of which is associated with a latent feature vector. Agents rank items nondeterministically according to the Plackett-Luce model, where the higher the utility of an item to the agent, the more likely this item will be ranked high by the agent. Our goal is to identify near neighbors of an arbitrary agent in the latent space for prediction.We first show that the Kendall-tau distance based kNN produces incorrect results in our model. Next, we propose a new anchor-based algorithm to find neighbors of an agent. A salient feature of our algorithm is that it leverages the rankings of many other agents (the so-called “anchors”) to determine the closeness/similarities of two agents. We provide a rigorous analysis for one-dimensional latent space, and complement the theoretical results with experiments on synthetic and real datasets. The experiments confirm that the new algorithm is robust and practical.
Scale Invariant Fully Convolutional Network: Detecting Hands Efficiently
Authors: Liu Dan , Du Dawei , Zhang Libo , Luo Tiejian , Wu Yanjun , Huang Feiyue , Lyu Siwei
Published: September 2019

Existing hand detection methods usually follow the pipeline of multiple stages with high computation cost, i.e., feature extraction, region proposal, bounding box regression, and additional layers for rotated region detection. In this paper, we propose a new Scale Invariant Fully Convolutional Network (SIFCN) trained in an end-to-end fashion to detect hands efficiently. Specifically, we merge the feature maps from high to low layers in an iterative way, which handles different scales of hands better with less time overhead comparing to concatenating them simply. Moreover, we develop the Complementary Weighted Fusion (CWF) block to make full use of the distinctive features among multiple layers to achieve scale invariance. To deal with rotated hand detection, we present the rotation map to get rid of complex rotation and derotation layers. Besides, we design the multi-scale loss scheme to accelerate the training process significantly by adding supervision to the intermediate layers of the network. Compared with the state-of-the-art methods, our algorithm shows comparable accuracy and runs a 4.23 times faster speed on the VIVA dataset and achieves better average precision on Oxford hand detection dataset at a speed of 62.5 fps.
Colonoscopic miss rate for colorectal cancer: a district general hospital experience
Authors: Macleod Anne , Abdulhannan Peshang , Walker Julie , Wood Tracy , Painter John , Kipling Michael
Published: September 2019

Background: The aim of the study was to review our post-colonoscopy colorectal cancer (PCCRC) diagnoses rate and compare it to national standards, to identify any common factors in our missed cancer cases and create a policy for capturing missed cancers data.Methods: We analyzed retrospectively collected data on patients with colorectal cancer from January 2015 to July 2017. Patients who had a previous colonoscopy within 3 years of diagnosis were then identified. We excluded colonoscopies done within 6 weeks of diagnosis or repeat colonoscopies due to poor bowel preparation.Results: 503 colorectal cancer patients were identified. 135 (26.8%) were initially diagnosed without a lower GI endoscopy. 30 had a negative colonoscopy 6 weeks to 3 years prior to diagnosis. Only 10 patients (2.7%) were true missed lesions (false negative colonoscopy). Male/female: 5/5. Mean age was 68.4 (49-80). 9 patients had good or satisfactory bowel preparation. 50% of lesions were found during follow-up or treatment of a different lesion. Average time from false negative scope to diagnosis was 20.3 months (4-31). Sites of missed lesions are left colon- 4, low rectum- 3, caecum- 2 and transverse colon- 1.Conclusions: Our PCCRC rate is below the GUT recommended target of <5% and well below the national average 8.5%. We identified no common features across all missed cases. Contrary to other published data, right sided lesions were less common with no female predominance. We recognize the limitations of access to only local trust data. We propose to monitor PCCRC rate annually, present this at clinical governance meetings and review each case individually as an adverse event.
MANAVGAT BÖLGESİ TEKNE İMALAT VE ÇEKEK YERLERİNİN FAALİYETLERİ VE SORUNLARI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: BALIK İsmet
Published: September 2019

Bu çalışmanın
amacı, Manavgat bölgesinde faaliyet göstermekte olan tekne imal ve çekek
yerlerinin çalışma koşullarını ve faaliyetlerini incelemektir. Bu amaçla
tesislerden 5’inin sahipleri ya da çalışanlarıyla görüşülmüş, faaliyetleriyle ilgili kayıtlar alınmıştır. Yapılan
araştırmada, Manavgat’ta 7 adet tekne imal ve çekek yeri bulunduğu
saptanmıştır. Bunlardan 5’i Manavgat Nehri kıyısında, ikisi ise Manavgat Sanayi
Sitesi içerisinde yer almaktadır. Tesislerde 2014 ve 2015 yıllarında alınan
yeni tekne siparişlerinin imalatının yanı sıra daha çok gezinti teknesi
bakım-onarımı ve balıkçı teknesi tadilatının yapıldığı belirlenmiştir. Yapılan GZFT (Güçlü yönleri, Zayıf yönleri, Fırsatlar,
Tehditler) analizi sonucunda, tesislerin en güçlü yönü coğrafi olarak çok uygun
bir konumda olmaları ve özellikle gezinti tekneciliği sektörü için hayati önem
arz ediyor olmalarıdır. Zayıf yönleri ise kalıcı bir alan ve kapalı
mekânlarının bulunmaması ve örgütlü olmamalarıdır. İnsanların tatil ve dinlenme
için her geçen gün daha fazla zaman ve bütçe ayırma eğilimindeki artış en
önemli fırsat, mevcut faaliyet gösterdikleri alanı 2020 yılına kadar tahliye edecek
olmaları ise en önemli tehdit unsurudur.
DEĞİŞİK YÜK SENARYOLARINDA GEMİ ÇEVRESEL, SOSYAL VE MALİYET ANALİZİ
Authors: BİLGİLİ Levent
Published: September 2019

Tek seferde çok büyük yükler taşıma kapasitesine sahip nakliye araçları
olan gemiler, dünya ticaretinin belkemiğidir. Gemiler, dünyadaki toplam
ticaretin % 90 kadarını oluştursa da kullandıkları yakıt ve makineler nedeniyle
büyük miktarda emisyon oluşumuna yol açarlar. Bu çalışmada İskenderun-Şangay
arasında belli bir miktar yükün farklı taşıma kapasitelerine sahip beş adet
gemiyle ayrı ayrı taşındığı varsayılmış ve bu yolculuklar sonucunda oluşan
emisyon miktarları, bu emisyonların sosyal ve yakıt maliyetleri, gemilerin bu
yolculuklardan elde ettikleri gelir ve net kazançlar ile sosyal kayıplar
hesaplanmıştır. Yapılan hesaplamalar sonucunda yükün büyük tek bir gemi
tarafından taşınmasının hem emisyon üretimi hem de maliyet açısından en
mantıklı senaryo olduğu bulunmuştur. Elde edilen bulgulara göre yükün tek
gemiyle taşınması sırasında toplam 8.418,32 t emisyon oluşmakta, bu
emisyonlardan dolayı toplam $ 17.008.992,91 civarında sosyal maliyet oluşacağı
hesaplanmıştır. Aynı yolculuktaki net kazanç yaklaşık olarak $ 3.772.487,68
şeklinde hesaplanmış olup sosyal maliyet de hesaba katıldığında yine en az sosyal
kayıp tek gemiyle yapılan seferde $ 4.977.503,13 olarak bulunmuştur. Son
olarak, en iyi senaryoyu üreten gemi için ile gemi ana makinesinin HFO
kullandığı varsayılarak yakıt türünün MDO olarak değiştirilmesinin maliyeti ve
sosyal kazancı hesaplanmıştır. Bu hesaba göre yakıt değişimi dolayısıyla
üretilen emisyon miktarı 7.897,83 t, sosyal maliyet $ 15.480.435,82 düzeyine
inmiştir. Net kazanç $ 2.883.636,66 olarak hesaplanırken sosyal kayıp ise  $ 3.448.947,04 seviyesine kadar gerilemiştir
OTONOM GEMİ TEKNOLOJİSİNE DAİR GELİŞMELER İLE TÜRK DENİZCİLİK VE GEMİ İNŞA SEKTÖRÜNE ETKİLERİ ÜZERİNE NİTEL BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: YILMAZ Fatih , ÖNAÇAN Mehmet Bilge Kağan
Published: September 2019

Bu çalışmanın amacı; son yıllarda “4.Sanayi
Devrimi” veya “Endüstri 4.0” olarak adlandırılanküresel ölçektekiteknolojik
dönüşüm sürecinin uluslararası denizcilik sektöründeki en belirgin yansıması
olanotonom gemiteknolojisiyle ilgiligelişmelerive Türk denizcilik ve gemi inşa
sektörüne yönelik olası etkilerini incelemektir. Bu amaçla;dünya denizcilik
sektöründe gelişen otonom gemi konseptleri ve teknolojileri,Ar-Ge çalışmaları, deniz
ve çevre emniyeti ile güvenlik ve gemiadamı istihdamına yönelik olası etkileri
veBirleşmiş Milletler (BM)-Uluslararası Denizcilik Örgütü (IMO)-Deniz Emniyeti
Komitesi(MSC) tarafından yürütülen düzenleyici kapsam belirleme çalışmalarıyla
ilgili literatürincelenmiş ve ayrıca alanında uzman profesyonellerin görüşleri
alınarak otonom gemilerin Türk denizcilik ve gemi inşa sektörüne olası
etkilerine ilişkin bir SWOT analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Yapılan analiz
sonucunda; zayıf ve güçlü yönler ile fırsatlar ve tehditler belirlenmiş ve buna
bağlı olarak uygun strateji önerileri sunulmuştur. Sonuç itibariyle ise; otonom
gemi teknolojisinin beraberinde gemi tasarımı, gemi inşaatı,gemi işletmesi ve deniz
sigortacılığı ile liman ve tersanecilik altyapısında ve denizcilik
işletmeciliği süreçlerindeteknolojik dönüşümlere yol açacağı ve şimdiden Türk
denizcilik ve gemi inşa sektörünün bu muazzam dönüşüme hazırlıklı olması için gecikmeksizin
bir yol haritası belirlenmesinin faydalı olacağı değerlendirilmektedir.
BOŞ KONTEYNER KONUMLAMASI PLANLAMA DÜZEYİ VE MODEL TÜRLERİ SINIFLANDIRMASI
Authors: BAŞARICI Ahmet Selçuk , SATIR Tanzer
Published: September 2019

Literatürde boş konteyner konumlamasına dair pek

çok çalışma mevcuttur. Bu çalışmaların

sınıflandırılması, gelecek çalışmalara dair hangi alanlarda araştırma

yapılabilecek bir derinlik olduğunu belirlemede kritiktir. Bu çalışma,

literatürde mevcut çalışmaları stratejik, taktik ve operasyonel planlama

düzeyleri bağlamında sınıflandırmıştır. Sınıflandırma yapılırken planlama

düzeyi belirleme kriterleri ile 2010-2018 seneleri arasında yayınlanan çalışma

içerikleri karşılaştırılmıştır. Çalışma, önerilen çözümlere dair yararlanılan matematiksel

modelleri de incelemektedir. İlgi dönemde literatür çalışmalarının pek çoğu

taktik planlama düzeyindedir. Operasyonel düzeydeki çalışmalar ise nispeten seyrektir.

Stratejik planlamaya yönelik çalışma sayısı ise son derece kısırdır. Politik ve

ekonomik gelişmelerden hızla etkilenen, belirsizliğin yüksek olduğu küresel

taşımacılığa ilişkin akademik çalışmalarda stokastik modeller beklenildiği

düzeyde kullanılmamaktadır. Kısa dönem konteyner kiralama uygulamalarının, boş

konteyner hareket sayılarının azaltılabilmesi üzerine etkileri gelecekte araştırma

yapılabilecek önde gelen bakir alanlar içinde öne çıkmaktadır. Dolu/boş

konteyner bekleme sürelerinin azaltılması, gemi liman uğraklarına dair sabit

günlü zaman çizelgesi oluşturulması, demirbaş ve kiralık konteynerlerin

birlikte kullanımı konuları son senelerde kısıtlı çalışmaya konu olmasına

rağmen sektör pratiğine hitap etme potansiyeli taşımaktadır.
PERSEPSI CIVITAS AKADEMIKA UIN MALANG TERHADAP PENGARUSUTAMAAN GENDER
Authors: Mahpur, M.Si M.
Published: September 2019

This research is intended to describe the perception of UIN academics on gender mainstreaming issue and to map the argument on the need of gender mainstreaming implementation which includes gender strategy and gender practice at this academic institution. Using descriptive quantitative methode, the data gathered in the form of openmind-system questionnaires distributing to the Deans, vice deans, and head of several units.The result of research reveals that either men or women at UIN Malang tend to refuse the implementation of gender mainstreaming (men=44.67% and women=25.33%). Only 35% of total amount of respondent agree to implement gender mainstreming (men=15 dan women=20%). Meanwhile, the respons toward the implementation is that word "gender"in vision and mission of this institution is not necessary to be stated explicitely. The important point of the issue is the practice of gender quality should be proportional andprofesional. Then, this is a responsibility of centre of gender studies to socialize gender issues and gender equality if there is a need to evaluate gender equality-based policies.
KEBEBASAN ANAK BEREKSPRESI DALAM KELUARGA PRESPEKTIF PENDIDIKAN DAN SOSIAL
Authors: Miftahusyaian Moh.
Published: September 2019

Keluarga merupakan struktur sosial terkecil dalam suatu negara yang memiliki peran penting dalam mensosialisasikan nilai-nilai demokratisasi pada seluruh anggotanya. Nilai-nilai tersebut lebih ditujukan untuk memberikan ruang kebebasan bagi anak dalam berekspresi dan berapresiasi sesuai dengan peran, hak dan kewajibannya dilingkungan keluarga maupun masyarakat. Sebagai salah satu komponen tri pusat pendidikan, institusi keluarga idealnya menjadi tempat yang ramah bagi pembelajaran anak dalam menciptakan ketenangan, kesenangan, keleluasaan atau kebebasan untuk pengembangan diri secara optimal. Adapun peran kedua orang tua dalam mewujudkan kebebasan berekspresi pada anak, antara lain:(a) Kedua orang tua harus mencintai dan menyayangi anak-anaknya, (b) Kedua orang tua harus menjaga ketenangan lingkungan rumah dan menyiapkan ketenangan jiwa anak-anak, (c) Saling menghormati antara kedua orang tua dan anak-anak, (d) Mewujudkan kepercayaan, (e) Mengadakan perkumpulan dan musyawarah keluarga (kedua orang tua dan anak).
FENOMENA GUGAT CERAI ALASAN IMPOTENSI (STUDI DI PENGADILAN AGAMA KOTA MALANG)
Authors: Shofiyuddin Imam Nuril
Published: September 2019

Kompleksitas fenomena yang terjadi di masyarakat sangatlah beragam, diantaranya adalah fenomena yang terjadi dalam kelompok terkecil dalam masyarakat ; keluarga. Dalam sebuah keluarga fenomena gugat cerai merupakan masalah yang sering dijumpai, yakni seorang istri yang mengajukan gugatan perceraian kepada Pengadilan Agama karena alasan impotensi. Impotensi diartikan ketidakberdayaan pria melakukan hubungan seks melalui alat kelaminnya. Masalah impotensi dalam beracara di Pengadilan Agama dapat dijadikan salah satu pertimbangan hakim dalam memutuskan perkara perceraian, hal ini karena sudah sesuai dengan pasal 116 huruf (e) Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI).
TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM TENTANG PENCEGAHAN BUDAYA KEKERASAN TERHADAP ISTRI
Authors: Suhadak Faridatus
Published: September 2019

Indonesia tries to eliminate domestic violence by issuing Act Number23,2004 on domestic violence elimination. It aims at to build happy andprosperous Indonesian society particularly in small context that is family.Indonesian society consists of muslim as the majority. It influences on theway of life of the society for state law and Islamic law including family law.This paper tries to discuss family problem namely spouse’s relationship inIslamic law perspective. The focus of this discussion is spouse’s relationshipin form of domestic violence within its context of which cultural-based understanding as the factor of domestic violence.
PERAN SAYYIDAH ‘AISYAH DALAM PEMBENTUKAN HUKUM ISLAM BERWAWASAN GENDER
Authors: Izzuddin Ahmad
Published: September 2019

Islamic law and women are one of mostly debated discourses bycontemporary Islamic thinkers particularly those who are gender issuesproponents. That discourse grows due to the accuse towards Islam thatthis religion is the source of gender inequality for women through outmuslim world especially in education, fairness and domestic freedom aswell as social welfare in the family. The assumption is that Islamic law ismale-based law. Therefore, it is a need to explore the note on Islamic lawdevelopment which is perceived from the role of women in the early age oflaw construction not from the aspect of the thought of classical ulama inthe middle age. This paper tries to explore and to discuss mainly the role ofSiti Aisyah as the teacher and the transmitter of hadith as the foundation ofIslamic law construction to underline women’s position and contributionas the law maker that it will prove that Islamic law is not merely men-basedlaw as the assumption grows.
HUBUNGAN ANTARA USIA IBU HAMIL DENGAN RESIKO TERJADINYA KELAHIRAN SINDROMA DOWN
Authors: Rahmawati Ana
Published: September 2019

Down syndrome is a genetic disease caused by a chromosomal disorder. It is the most common chromosomal abnormality occurs in live births (1/900 ). The characteristics or clinical sign of Down Syndrome is mental retardation, usually have short stature and has a crease of the eye like Mongolian race,nose wide and flat,rounded face, mouth always open, both nostrils wide apart. Down syndrom often also have medical problems
such as the congenital heart disease, growth hormone deficiency, thyroid disease, obesity, oral disease, leukemia, hearing impairment, chronic tonsilitis, developmental disorder of speech, language,intelligibility etc. There are two kinds of chromosomal abnormalities mechanism in Down Syndrome. The first is the change in chromosome structure/translocation, the second is nondisjunction or failed to split on chromosome 21 upon the formation of gamete cells parents. Down Syndrome is associated with maternal age occurs because of nondisjunction. Some of the research data reveal an association between the age of mother during pregnancy with the risk of Down Syndrome births.

Sindroma Down adalah penyakit genetik yang disebabkan karena gangguan kromosom. Merupakan abnormalitas kromosom yang paling sering terjadi pada kelahiran hidup ( 1/900 kelahiran). Ciri-ciri atau tanda klinis sindroma Down adalah keterbelakangan mental, biasanya memiliki tubuh yang pendek, hidung lebar dan datar, wajah membulat, mulutselalu terbuka,kedua lubang hidung lebar, memiliki lipatan mata seperti yang dimiliki oleh ras Mongolia. Sindroma Down seringkali juga memiliki masalah-masalah kesehatan seperti penyakit jantung kongenital, defisiensi hormon pertumbuhan, penyakit tiroid, kegemukan, gangguan kesehatan mulut, leukemia,gangguan pendengaran, tonsilitis kronik, gangguanperkembangan bahasa,bicara, kecerdasan dan lain-lain. Terdapat dua macam mekanisme terjadinya kelainan kromosom pada sindroma Down, pertama yaitu karena adanya perubahan struktur kromosom/ translokasi, kedua yaitu terjadi karena nondisjunction atau gagal berpisah kromosom21 pada saat pembentukan sel gamet pada orangtuanya. Sindroma Down yang dihubungkan dengan faktor usia ibu hamil adalah sindroma Down yang terjadi karena nondisjunction. Beberapa data penelitian mengungkapkan adanya keterkaitan antara usia ibu saat hamil dengan resiko terjadinya kelahiran sindroma Down.
BUDAYA MASYARAKAT DAN IMPLIKASINYA TERHADAP KETERLIBATAN SUAMI DALAM KEGIATAN RUMAH TANGGA
Authors: Ampa Andi Tenri
Published: September 2019

Husband’s involvement in doing chores is influenced by normative and cultural perception in society based on sex role. In its development husband and wife division labor changes from traditional perception that posits men as the main leader having special right and big authority in family directing towards androgyny stereotype of which spouse has flexible perception in work division labor.

Keterlibatan suami dalam kegiatan rumah tangga dipengaruhi oleh pandangan normatif dan budaya yang berlaku dalam masyarakat, sesuai dengan peran jenisnya. Dalam perkembangannya, secara budaya pembagian peran suami istri dalam keluarga mengalami pergeseran dari sudut pandang tradisional dimana laki-laki adalah sebagai penguasa
utama rumah tangga yang memiliki hak-hak istimewa dan otoritas terbesar dalam keluarga ke arah stereotip androgin dimana suami istri mempunyai pandangan yang fleksibel dalam pembagian peran dalam rumah tangga.
PERMASALAHAN GENDER DALAM KASUS HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS - ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME (HIV-AIDS) DI INDONESIA
Authors: Ainur Avin
Published: September 2019

HIV-AIDS epidemic is a global crisis phenomenon and the hardes challenges for social development, particularly for underdevelopment countries. In general, people with HIV-AIDS are adults who are at the productive age and almost half are women. The National HIV-AIDS Prevention Commission stated that the number of housewives infected by HIV continues to increase significantly every year. Conversely, the number
of HIV infected people from commercial sex workers decreased. This is due to HIV transmission from their husband or intimate partners who have risky behavior. This condition concern an increase in the number of cases of HIV transmission from mother to child. HIV-AIDS problems are expected immediately handled and focused on the prevention of HIV-AIDS on housewives. An attempt to strengthen human rights program on
women’s reproduction and improve women’s bargaining power to resist high risk sexual relations must be implemented sustainably.

HIV-AIDS merupakan fenomena krisis global dan tantangan yang berat bagi pembangunan dan kemajuan social, terutama bagi negara-negara miskin. Pada umumnya, penderita HIV-AIDS adalah orang dewasa yang berada dalam usia produktif dan hampir separuhnya adalah wanita. Komisi
Penanggulangan AIDS Nasional (KPAN) menyatakan bahwa jumlah ibu rumah tangga yang terinfeksi HIV di Indonesia terus meningkat secara signifikan setiap tahunnya, sebaliknya jumlah pekerja seks komersial yang terinfeksi HIV terus menurun. Hal tersebut disebabkan penularan HIV dari suami atau pasangan intim yang memiliki perilaku beresiko. Kondisi ini dikhawatirkan terjadi peningkatan jumlah kasus penularan dari ib ke anak. Permasalahan HIV diharapkan dapat segera ditangani dengan baik dan difokuskan pada pencegahan HIV-AIDS pada ibu rumah tangga. Seharusnya terus dilakukan upaya memperkuat program-program hak asasi reproduksi perempuan dan meningkatkan kekuatan menawar wanita untuk menolak hubungan seksual beresiko tinggi.
PANDANGAN TOKOH AGAMA DAN BUDAYA MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PEMAKAIAN ALAT KONTRASEPSI
Authors: Hartini Hartini
Published: September 2019

Reproduction health care for husband and wife provides equal right in deciding the best medical practice related to reproduction’s function and process. However, the reality shows the irony of the fact that using contraception’s tool is mostly dominated by women. It is due to the strong perception of religious figures and social figures on the usage of contraception that is most suitable for women and it is considered as taboo
for men to practice the sort of reproduction health care.

Pemeliharaan kesehatan reproduksi suami dan istri sebagai keluarga mempunyai hak yang sama untuk menentukan tindakan yang terbaik berkaitan dengan fungsi dan proses memfungsikan alat reproduksinya. Namun dalam kenyataannya kewajiban pemeliharaan kesehatan reproduksi khususnya dalam pemakaian alat kontrasepsi lebih banyak didominasi
perempuan. Hal ini terjadi karena masih kuatnya pandangan tokoh agama dan tokoh masyarakat tentang pemakaian alat kontrasepsi yang dianggap hanya pantas dilakukan oleh perempuan dan masih dianggap tabu jika laki-laki menggunakan alat kontrasepsi.
Refleksi Keterwakilan Perempuan Dalam Parlemen Perspektif Hak Asasi Manusia
Authors: Sukadi Imam
Published: September 2019

Women as nation asset who play a role in resumption process and creation of generation with high quality are require to get guarantee to accomplishment of their rights. Involvement of men and woman in political area is a part that can not be separated in democratization process. Democracy give the largest opportunity to all citizen who have fulfilled the requiremets to be able to select and selected as representative of citizen  without discrimination againt  tribe, race, religion, and gender. From some general elections which have been executed, representative of women in parliament is still in minimum number. The low of  women delegation in parliament can become indicator of the low role of woman in political party.

 
Perempuan sebagai asset bangsa yang berperan dalam proses penerusan dan penciptaan generasi yang berkualitas perlu mendapatkan jaminan terhadap pemenuhan hak-haknya. Keterlibatan perempuan dan laki-laki di bidang politik adalah bagian tidak terpisahkan dalam proses demokratisasi. Demokrasi memberikan kesempatan seluas-luasnya kepada seluruh warga negara yang memenuhi syarat untuk dapat memilih dan dipilih sebagai wakil rakyat tanpa adanya diskriminasi terhadap suku, ras, agama, dan gender. Dari beberapa pemilu yang sudah dilaksanakan, wakil perempuan diparlemen masih sangat minim. Rendahnya keterwakilan perempuan di parlemen bisa menjadi indikator rendahnya peran perempuan di partai politik.
Pelatihan Penulisan Cerita Pendek Berkeadilan Gender Di Madrasah Aliyah Al Hidayah Kecamatan Wajak Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Rohmah Galuh Nur , Fitriani Laily , Santi Vita Nur
Published: September 2019

In this time, some experts and practitioners of education have given idea about role of belles-lettres in education of child character. Do not deny again that belles-lettres of have important role in the world of education. Short story as one of belles-lettres form in creative writing region can be made as a media to study of justice and gender equality among adolescent as well as children. Adolescent in this time have recognized fiction readings in the form of short story, continued story, novel even pictorial story or comic. Meanwhile, its can not not be denied that a work, specially a story, not get out from its writer background. This research takes location in Madrasah Aliyah Al Hidayah of Wajak, District Of Wajak, Malang. And the result of this research is there is a change at student after done guidance; 1) student have information and knowledge about gender and its aspects 2) change of patterned thinking to treat fairly and equivalent between men and woman at home, school, and environment, and 3) student can put down issues about gender equality in his/ her short story.

 

Dewasa ini beberapa ahli dan praktisi pendidikan juga telah memberikan gagasan tentang peran karya sastra dalam pendidikan karakter anak. Tak dipungkiri lagi bahwa karya sastra memilki peran penting dalam dunia pendidikan.  Cerita pendek sebagai salah satu bentuk karya sastra dalam wilayah kepenulisan kreatif bisa dijadikan media bagi pembelajaran keadilan dan kesetaraan gender di kalangan remaja dan juga anak-anak. Remaja saat ini sudah mengenal bacaan-bacaan fiksi berupa cerita pendek, cerita bersambung, novel bahkan cerita bergambar atau komik.  Sementara itu, tidak dipungkiri bahwa sebuah karya, sebuah cerita khususnya, tidak lepas dari latar belakang penulisnya.    Penelitian ini mengambil lokasi di Madrasah Aliyah Al Hidayah Desa Wajak, Kecamatan Wajak,  Kabupaten Malang sebagai lokusnya. Dan hasil dari penelitian ini adalahterjadi perubahan pada siswa setelah dilakukan pendampingan; 1) siswa memiliki pengetahuan dan informasi tentang gender dan aspek-aspeknya, 2) perubahan pola pikir untuk memperlakukan secara adil dan setara antara laki-laki dan perempuan baik itu di rumah, di sekolah, dan di lingkungan sekitar, dan 3) siswa mampu meletakkan isu keadilan gender dalam cerita pendeknya.
Persepsi Mahasiswa Bisnis Dalam Memilih Bekerja Sebagai Wirausaha, Di Ukm Atau Perusahaan Multinasional: Investigasi Efek Moderasi Jurusan, Gender, Kepribadian Dan Program Pendidikan
Authors: Putra Yuniarti Hidayah Suyoso
Published: September 2019

Tight work rivalry demand every student to prepare himself as well as possible. Especially business student who get enterpreneur subject. The interesting thing in this research is to compare perception of business student about work choices as businessman, work in Small and Medium Industy (UKM) or in Multinational Company (MNC) according to their major, gender, personality and education program. The result of this research show that interest to work  in company in scale of UKM and Multinational or MNC is bigger than interest to be businessman. Moderating variable that consist of major, gender, personality and education program had an effect on loading factors validity level over standard 0,5 to the perception of student in choose their work as businessman, in UKM. or MNC.

 

Persaingan kerja yang sangat ketat menuntut setiap mahasiswa untuk mempersiapkan diri dengan sebaik-baiknya. Terutama mahasiswa bisnis yang telah mendapatkan materi kewirausahaan. Hal yang menarik dalam penelitian ini adalah membandingkan persepsi mahasiswa bisnis mengenai pilihan bekerja sebagai wirausaha, bekerja di Usaha Kecil dan Menengah (UKM) atau di perusahaan multinasional (MNC) berdasarkan jurusan, jenis kelamin (gender), kepribadian dan program pendidikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa minat untuk bekerja di perusahaan baik itu skala UKM dan multinational atau MNC lebih besar bila dibandingkan dengan keinginan untuk berwirausaha. Variable moderating yang terdiri dari jurusan, gender, kepribadian,dan program pendidikan berpengaruh dengan tingkat validitas loading factors diatas standar 0,5 terhadap persepsi mahasiswa dalam memilih pekerjaan sebagai wirausaha, di UKM atau MNC.
PENDAMPINGAN MANAJEMEN KEUANGAN KELUARGA ISLAMI PADA KARYAWAN DAN KARYAWATI BANK JATIM SYARIAH CABANG MALANG
Authors: Fitriyah Fitriyah , Sulistiani Dwi , Widati Putri Kurnia
Published: September 2019

PAR is made as a method of research on finance management of family employees who work in banking sector, both woman and man. the sample in this research is the employees of Bank Jatim. The result of this research shows that the employees of Bank Jatim Sharia malang have financial palanning, vission, mission, and also clear strategy for their family. In the relation with gender, women are more can manage a financial than men in the family.

 

PAR dijadikan metode riset pada manajemen keuangan keluarga karyawan yang bekerja sektor perbankan, baik perempuan atau seorang laki-laki. Yang dijadikan sample adalah karyawan Bank Jatim. Hasil penelitian ini adalah karyawan Bank Jatim Syariah Cabang Malang menunjukkan bahwa  karyawan Bank Jatim memiliki perencanaan keuangan, visi misi dan strategi jelas untuk keluarga mereka. Dalam kaitan dengan jenis kelamin, wanita-wanita lebih bisa mengelola keuangan dibandingkan laki-laki dalam keluarga.

 
PERKAWINAN ANAK DALAM PERSPEKTIF HAK ASASI MANUSIA
Authors: Wildana Dina Tsalist , Hasba Irham Bashori
Published: September 2019

Marriage at the age of children still occur in some areas. Not only in Indonesia, in some areas is still high number of early marriages. Indonesia has had a regulation on the protection of children. But on the other hand the marriage at the age of children is still high even ranked second in Southeast Asia after Cambodia. This obviously shows that regulation owned does not run optimally. This article will discuss about some children's rights that are violated by the existence of early marriage. Despite showing some of the negative effects of marriage on the age of the child but at the end of this writing offers several formulations so that children in the age of marriage is not so much seized the rights of the child.

Perkawinan di usia anak masih marak terjadi di beberapa wilayah. Tidak hanya di Indonesia, di beberapa wilayah masih tinggi angka perkawinan dini.Di Indonesia telah memiliki regulasi tentang perlindungan anak. Namun disisi lain perkawinan di usia anak masih tinggi bahkan menduduki peringkat ke 2 se Asia Tenggara setelah Kamboja. Hal ini jelas menunjukkan regulasi yang dimiliki tidak berjalan optimal. Pada tulisan ini akan membahas tentang beberapa hak anak yang dilanggar dengan adanya perkawinan dini. Kendati menunjukkan beberapa dampak negatifdari perkawinan di usia anak namun di akhir tulisan ini menawarkan beberapa formulasi agar perkawinan di usia anak tidak begitu banyak menyita hak-hak anak.

 

 

 
Hubungan antara External Locus of Control dengan Kepuasan Kerja pada Anggota Kepolisian
Authors: Fahmi Rahmaini , Jarmadi Jasmadi , Fatmawati Fatmawati
Published: September 2019

Job satisfaction is one of the work variables that contribute greatly to the effectiveness of the organization and the work itself. Individual job satisfaction arises from a person's perception of how well the work provides something meaningful. On the other hand, external locus of control is a factor that influences an individual's perception of the environment, including the work environment. For this reason, this study aimed to find out how the relationship between external locus of control and job satisfaction is on Police Members at the Aceh Regional Police Headquarters. This study used a quantitative method with sampling based on simple random sampling technique. The sample in this study amounted to 287 people and the results showed that there was a relationship between external locus of control and job satisfaction on Members of the Police at the Aceh Regional Police Headquarters with Pearson correlation test values r=-0,232, p=0,000 (<0,05). These results indicate that there is a very significant negative relationship between external locus of control and job satisfaction on Members of the Police at the Aceh Regional Police Headquarters.
Immune System and Bone Microenvironment: Rationale for Targeted Cancer Therapies
Authors: Gnoni Antonio , Brunetti Oronzo , Longo Vito , Calabrese Angela , Argentiero Antonella , Solimando Antonio Giovanni , Licchetta Antonella
Published: September 2019

Osteoimmunology was coined about twenty years ago to identify a strict cross talk between bone niche and immune system both in physiological and pathological activities, including cancer. Several molecules are involved in the complex interaction between bone niche, immune and cancer cells. The Receptor Activator ok NF-kB (RANK)/RANK Ligand (RANKL/Osteoprotegerin (OPG) pathway plays a crucial role in bone cells/cancer interactions with subsequently immune system control failure, bone destruction, inhibition of effect and metastasis outcome. The bidirectional cross talk between bone and immune system could became a potential target for anticancer drugs. Several studies evidenced a direct anticancer role with improved survival of bone-targeted therapies such as bisphosphonates and RANKL antagonist Denosumab. Conversely, initial data evidenced a possible anti-bone resorption effect of systemic anticancer drugs through and immunomodulation activity, i.e. new generation antiandrogens (Abiraterone) in prostate cancer. All data could open a future rationale of combined bone, immunologic and targeted therapies in cancer treatment.
Doctors’ Adherence to the Guidelines on the Diagnostics and Treatment of Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Perepech N. B. , Shurygina V. D. , Tregubov A. V.
Published: September 2019

Aim. Examination of knowledge of the basic provisions of clinical guidelines for the management of patients with arterial hypertension and finding out the readiness of doctors for the practical application of updated recommendations

Material and methods. Anonymous questionnaires of 306 doctors served as material for the study. The questionnaire consisted of two parts. The introductory part included questions that allow to find out the specialty, work experience, gender, age, and whether the respondent has cardiovascular risk factors. The main part of the questionnaire included 16 questions regarding provisions of the guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of arterial hypertension in force at the time of the survey (2017/2018 academic year). Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the Microsoft Excel 2010 software package. Differences were regarded as significant at p<0.05.

Results. The findings suggest that both therapists and cardiologists do not give due importance to the risk stratification of cardiovascular complications in patients with arterial hypertension and are not sufficiently aware of the possibilities and limitations of the use of combinations of antihypertensive drugs. Therapists worse than cardiologists know the main points of the clinical guidelines for the management of patients with arterial hypertension (target blood pressure levels during treatment [64.6% vs 87.7%, p<0.001], indications for combination antihypertensive therapy starting, the possibility of fixed dose combinations using [52.3% vs 83.9%, p<0.001]). A significant part of physicians (both cardiologists and therapists) adequately assess the antihypertensive treatment effectiveness, not enough frequent achievement of the target blood pressure level in their patients and is willing to provide more strict control of blood pressure.

Conclusion. The results of the survey indicate the need of the active education of doctors in the management of patients with arterial hypertension. The most attention should be paid to the training of therapists and general practitioners on the cardiovascular complications risk stratification, the using of the antihypertensive drugs combinations use and methods to increase patient adherence to antihypertensive therapy.