bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Skin temperature monitoring with an instrument infrared sensors measuring based on direction and distance
Authors: Jhora Fadhila Ulfa , Mairizwan
Published: May 2021

Skin temperature represents human body temperature. Measurement of body temperature aims to detect body organs changes activity, including fighting bacteria or viruses in the human body. Measurement of non-contact/long-distance body temperature is an important requirement during the Covid-19 pandemic. Based on this background, the development of long body temperature remote based on an Infrared Array SensorGrid-EYE sensor was conducted through microcontroller control. Variable of experiments to measure body temperature were distances and the inclined angle of the skin surface. The method of designing skin temperature monitoring glasses begins with three main stages process. The first process of understanding and analyzing the characteristics of solar cells, the process of measuring the energy of these solar cells. The second process involves designing and manufacturing electronic systems. The third process is by conducting an experimental experiment on temperature detector glasses. The components of this temperature detector system generally consist of infrared-based temperature sensors, signal conditioning circuits, microcontrollers, and were equipped with software that makes easy controlling. The results of the experiment showed the accurate measurement with a maximum distance up to 4 meters could monitor the skin temperature of human body with percentage error 0,18%. More than distance 4 meters, the ability of sensors was not accurately to monitor skin temperature of human body.
3D modelling using structure from motion technique for land observation in Kelok 9 flyover
Authors: Razi Pakhrur , Sumantyo Josaphat Tetuko Sri , Ali Shadiq , Aminuddin Jamrud , Kurniawan Farohaji , Putra Rusnardi Rahmat , Octova Adre , Jefriza
Published: May 2021

In a modern survey, information on the real condition of the study area is required to support the analysis and interpretation result of a study. However, obtaining information on the real condition in a wide covered area is difficult, particular in an area that hard to access and has varied topographic. The method that can imaging the real condition of a study area is observation using UAV/drone using structure from motion technique. Besides can be observed with a wide area, the detailed condition of the area also can be visualized. Structure from motion (sfm) is the technique that determines the spatial and geometric relationship of the target area through the movement of the camera. In this research, the sfm technique was applied to create the 3 dimension construction of the Kelok Sembilan flyover. The result show, 3D construction has a high spatial resolution in 2.99 cm/pixel measured in Ground Sampling Distance (GSD). Meanwhile, the horizontal relative resolution is 5.97 cm, and the vertical relative resolution is 8.95 cm.
Association structure and solubility dynamic of methyl red and methylene blue in the system of water, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and pentanol
Authors: Putra Ananda , Mahda Atia , Nizar Umar Kalmar , Deskiberi  , Amran Ali
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the association structure, solubility, and homogeneity of methyl red and methylene blue in the system of water, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS), and pentanol system, and to analyze the morphology of the association structure before and after dissolved in methyl red and methylene blue. The mass ratio composition of water/SDBS/pentanol system at pH 4.5, 7, and 9.5 selected from created Terner phase diagram to obtain the association structures. From the obtained association structures, the solubility of methyl red at pH 4.5 and methylene blue at pH 7 and 9.5 was analyzed. The homogeneity of methyl red and methylene blue was determined by the refractive index. The results showed that two association structures namely microemulsion (water in oil (w/o) and oil in water (o/w)) and lamellar liquid crystal phase was obtained. The maximum solubility of methyl red was found in w/o microemulsion. Meanwhile, the maximum solubility of methylene blue was found in o/w microemulsion. Refractive index results showed that mostly methyl red and methylene blue dissolved in the sample homogeneously. The structure of the liquid crystal microemulsion changed after the addition of methyl red and methylene blue observed by the Optical Polarizing Microscope.
Analysis of need for development of physics teaching materials assisted by a learning house portal integrating STEM and contextual models to improve student digital literacy
Authors: Laila Rahmi , Asrizal
Published: May 2021

The Industrial Revolution 4.0 in the 21st century is closely related to technological development. Currently the development of science and technology is moving continuously. With this basis, education should be able to develop superior knowledge, skills, attitudes, and values to deal with the industrial revolution 4.0. Currently the world is facing a big problem, namely the corona virus. Indonesia is among the countries that have found many positive cases of the corona virus. The government is making efforts to reduce the spread of the corona virus by carrying out social restrictions. The government makes regulations to work from home. In the world of education known as online schools. Physics Learning uses various types of teaching materials. Teaching materials integrating STEM which can be accessed by teachers and students anytime and anywhere, will assist students in answering challenges in the 21st century and responding to online schools. The purpose is to describe the STEM components contained in the XI grade XI high school physics teaching materials. The method is descriptive method with data collection instruments namely observation sheets. The results of the analysis of teaching materials show that science and mathematics indicators are more dominant in Physics teaching materials, but indicators of engineering and technology have not been seen. Thus, the existence of Physics teaching materials integrating STEM has not been maximized, therefore it is necessary to design a teaching material integrating STEM in Physics learning.
Analysis of contextual-based physics textbook development on static fluid materials for 21stcentury skills learning
Authors: Oktrisma Yesni , Ratnawulan
Published: May 2021

The curriculum education 2013 requires all subjects that contribute to the assessment of attitudes, knowledge and skills. One the of subjects in the high school that contributes to this is learning physics, as the concept expected in 21st century skills learning. 21st century skills learning is learning that integrates literacy skills, knowledge skills, skills and attitudes as well as mastery of technology. The preliminary study is to analyze the development of physics textbooks with the theme of static fluids using a contextual-based model on 21st century skills learning, which is used to spur students to find and apply various learning concepts, especially learning 21st century skills. based on contextual on static fluid material for 21st century skills learning. So that we can see the learning outcomes from the analysis of the contextual-based physics textbook development. The method used is development (Research and Development R & D). Research and Development is a research method used to produce products and test the effectiveness of these products. The product produced and tested is a contextual-based student textbook with static fluid material to improve 21st century skills learning. Analysis of teaching materials can be in the form of textbooks used by students so that learning has increased considerably.
Design of edupark bukik chinangkiek’s physics e-book with a scientific approach
Authors: Lestari Nila Virgo , Rifai Hamdi
Published: May 2021

Alam takambang jadi guruis a Minangkabau philosophy that suggests to us that everything in nature can be used as a learning resource, one of them is Bukik Chinangkiek. In the preliminary research, it was known that there are many physics concepts in Bukik Chinangkiek edupark, but they have not been packaged into the form of learning materials. Very rapid technological advances have changed the all-digital life, so learning materials must follow the times, namely in digital form or e-book. The aim of this research is to produce a edupark Bukik Chinangkiek’s physics e-book with a scientific approach to the valid. This type of research was a design research using a plomp development model in the prototyping phase. The validity test of the physical edupark e-book used a validity questionnaire to three experts with different expertize. The data analysis technique used a Likert scale with the Aiken’s V formula. The conclusion of this research was that the edupark physics Bukik Chinangkiek’s ebook developed was valid for use as learning material in schools.
The practicality of interactive multimedia integrated science based on guided inquiry with theme energy in the life that integrates of learning for the 21st century
Authors: Ariani Rizka , Ratnawulan  , Fauzi Ahmad
Published: May 2021

This research discusses the practicality of Integrated Natural Science interactive multimedia in the learning process with the theme of energy for grade VII students in junior high schools. Interactive multimedia is designed using a guided inquiry model where in its design interactive multimedia is also integrated with 21st century learning. To see the level of practicality of this interactive multimedia, small and large group trials were conducted using instruments in the form of validated and distributed questionnaires to teachers and students. The results showed that the practicality level of Integrated Science interactive multimedia from teacher and student responses to the use of Integrated Science interactive multimedia in the learning process was in the practice category. So it can be seen that the use of integrated science interactive multimedia based on guided inquiry with the theme of energy in the integrated life of 21st century learning is practically used in learning.
Validity of science edupark e-book based on scientific approach on the national geopark of ranah minang silokek, Indonesia
Authors: Ummah Khairul , Rifai Hamdi
Published: May 2021

The background of the design and manufacture of the e-book is a follow-up to the preliminary research. Based on preliminary research revealed: first, there is no learning tool related to regional potential. Second, learning tools are not based technology yet. Third, there are many facts, principles and concepts of science in The National Geopark of Ranah Minang Silokek. The purpose of this study is to produce a valid quality Science Edupark E-Book based on material substance, presentation feasibility, appearance feasibility, and language. This e-book is designed based on the 2013 curriculum by containing the scientific approach steps. This research uses the Plomp development model in the development phase and the Prototyping phase. Data collection is taken by a questionnaire technique. Validation is carried out through an e-book validation instrument sheet by three experts, containing material substance, feasibility of presentation, feasibility of display, and language. The data analysis technique used is the Likert scale and the validity value by using the Aiken’V formula. This research results in an e-book with valid criteria. The conclusion of this research is the e-book that is made is suitable as a source of learning science in junior high school.
Implementation of think pair share model in physics learning to determine cognitive, affective and psychomotor learning outcomes and student responses
Authors: Astra I M , Henukh A , Algiranto
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this research is to describe the results of the implementation of the think pair share model on optical concepts that includes cognitive, affective, psychomotor learning outcomes and student responses. The type of this research is descriptive research. This research was conducted in class VIII THB Junior High School, Bekasi. The research design used was one group pretest-posttest design. Data collection techniques used were observation, tests, and student response questionnaires. The analysis technique of the research results used is quantitative descriptive analysis including the calculation of proportions and percentages. Based on the results of data analysis, cognitive, affective, and psychomotor learning outcomes are achieved with an average achievement of the cognitive proportion of 0.85, affective proportion through observation of 0.83, and the proportion of psychomotor through a portfolio of 0.82. Student responses to the implementation of learning by implementing a think pair share model that includes five aspects are very good, with an average percentage of the five aspects is 90.53%. Based on the data above, it can be concluded that the implementation of the think pair share model can improve students’ physics learning outcomes.
The validity of e-module based on guided inquiry integrated ethnoscience in high school physics learning to improve students’ critical thinking
Authors: Kurniawan Rudi , Syafriani
Published: May 2021

Currently, the role of technology is very much felt, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic conditions. Education is no exception, everything must be done online. However, the problem in online learning, there are still many learning materials such as modules that do not support the online learning process that guides students to think critically to investigate and find concepts of learning materials that are close and follow the conditions of students. Guided inquiry-based e-module integration of ethnoscience is needed to enhance students’ critical thinking skills. It is hoped students can study online independently with problems around them. Data analysis techniques have been carried out using the Aiken V formula. Based on the validation that has been done, the integrated inquiry-based e-module ethnoscience was valid and can be used.
The validity of multimedia edupark physics learning with a scientific approach based on the beach destination of Painan Beach
Authors: Rahmadhani Nudiya , Rifai Hamdi
Published: May 2021

The background of developing edupark multimedia is a following-up to the preliminary research. Based on preliminary research that carried out to reveal several facts: the first principle, the concept of physics related to the tourist attraction of Carocok Painan Beach, Indonesia. Efforts to overcome every problem, especially in learning physics as the times evolve, in the 21st century the world of education is in a time of knowledge that requires the world community to be able to understand and utilize information and communication technology. The purpose of this research is to develop a physics edupark multimedia using a scientific approach to the Carocok Painan Beach tourist destination that is valid. This type of research is Educational design research (EDR) using the Plomp model, starting from the preliminary research stage (preliminary research), development or prototyping phase (development and design), and assessment phase (assessment). Edupark Physics multimedia validity tests were conducted by several experts. Its validation was carried out on the instrument sheet and learning multimedia by three validated materials, languages, and constructions from the lecturers. This research produces multimedia learning that belongs to a valid category. The conclusion of the results of this study is multimedia learning could make a best-matched platform for a user in physics learning activities as a source of learning physics at high school.
Development of distance learning devices based on the elicit, confront, identify, resolve, reinforce (ECIRR) model on Newton’s law material
Authors: Serevina V , Khaerunisa N A
Published: May 2021

The Outbreak COVID 19 that struck all parts of the country made the government implement several policies to stop the spread of the epidemic, including learning activities carried out at home with online systems or distance learning. This study aims to develop teaching materials based on the ECIRR learning model in distance learning which is being applied by all schools due to the pandemic that is sweeping across the globe. The learning model applied has five steps, namely Elicit, Confront, Identify, Resolve, Reinforce. This type of research is R n D (research and development) research with the ADDIE research model with five steps, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. In this study only at the stagefourth, namely implementation. The material in this study, namely Newton’s Law material held at SMKN 53 Jakarta. This is done because based on the results of the analysis of the needs of students at SMK 53 Jakarta, 53% of students feel they don’t understand Newton’s Law concept properly. The results of the study this, namely the results of the analysis of the validation of material experts obtained an average percentage of 81% in the very high category, the results of the analysis of learning experts obtained an average percentage of 83% with a very high category, the results of the analysis of the media expert obtained a percentage of 96% with a very high, the results of the teacher validation analysis obtained an average percentage of 84% with a very high category.
Software of project skills assessment based android for kinetic theory of gases and thermodynamics
Authors: Hidayati  , Afrizon R , Putri A
Published: May 2021

Assessment in the 2013 curriculum in terms of three aspects, that is assessment of attitudes, knowledge and skills. Skills assessment has several assessments that is performance assessment, portfolio assessment, product assessment and project assessment. Project assessment is comprehensive because it can assess from all aspects of the assessment. The fact is found in the school that teachers have not used technology in assessing the learning process. So that it takes a long time to assess and assign project assignments that are not yet optimal. One effort that can be done is to create a software of project skills assessment that contains project assessments to assist teachers in the learning assessment process on basic skills competencies that include project assignments given to students. The purpose of this study was to produce a valid software of project skills assessment on the kinetic theory of gases and thermodynamics. This type of research was R&D (Research and Development). The object of this research was the software of project skills assessment. The data collection instrument was carried out with a validation questionnaire sheet. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistics. Based on data analysis, the software of project skills assessment named Project Valuer has been validated by experts in terms of five components, that issoftware content, language, software display design, software engineering, and visual communication obtained by an average percentage the validation value with very high criteria. This means that the software of project skills assessment based android for kinetic theory of gases and thermodynamics is valid.
Development of electronic module using inquiry based learning (IBL) model integrated high order thinking skill (HOTS) in 21st century physics learning class X
Authors: Nisak F , Yulkifli Y
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this study is to produce an electronic module using IBL integrated model HOTS in 21st century of Physics learning class X with valid and practical criteria. The thinking ability of students in learning physics is still not in accordance with the thinking skills that are needed in the 21st century. One of the reasons is because of the modules used by students still do not contain model steps that are integrated with the level of thinking skills. This type of research is a development research using the ADDIE model which consists of five phases, those are Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation phase. Which in this research only carried out the development and implementation phase. The research instrument included are a validity questionnaire and practicality questionnaire. Data analysis techniques for validity used the Aiken’s V formula and for practicality using descriptive percentages. The results of the development stage show that the electronic module has an Aiken’s V value of 0.86 with the valid category. The results of the implementation stage show that the practicality of the electronic module is in the very practical category with a value of 93.27% for teacher responses and 87.86% for student responses. Thus, it can be concluded that the module electronic using IBL model integrated HOTS in the 21st Century Physics Learning of Class X meets the criteria of being valid and practical. The results of the implementation stage show that the practicality of the electronic module is in the very practical category with a value of 93.27% for teacher responses and 87.86% for student responses. Thus, it can be concluded that the module electronic using IBL model integrated HOTS in the 21st Century Physics Learning of Class X meets the criteria of being valid and practical. The results of the implementation stage show that the practicality of the electronic module is in the very practical category with a value of 93.27% for teacher responses and 87.86% for student responses. Thus, it can be concluded that the module electronic using IBL model integrated HOTS in the 21st Century Physics Learning of Class X meets the criteria of being valid and practical.
Effect of conceptual change texts on physics education students’ conceptual understanding in kinematics
Authors: Syuhendri S
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of conceptual change oriented instruction using Conceptual Change Texts (CCT) toward the physics education students’ conceptual understandings in kinematic. The research used quasi-experimental method with pre-test and post-test control group design. The sample was selected based on purposive sampling technique comprised of two groups of students from two different campuses of a public university in South Sumatra, Indonesia. The instrument used was the Indonesian version of the Force Concept Inventory (FCI). The data was analyzed to determine the mean N-gain of the experimental and control group while the independent sample U-test by α = 0,05 were used to test the hypothesis. The findings showed that 1) there were some students’ alternative conceptions with the level of their conceptual understanding 26,2%, 2) the mean N-gain of experimental and control group were 41,85% and 1,60% respectively, and 3) there was a significant difference increases in students’ conceptual understanding between who were taught using conceptual change texts and conventional one. Therefore, in terms of alternative conceptions held by students, teachers can use conceptual texts teaching materials to facilitate students’ conceptual change.
A study on Raga characterization in Indian classical music in the light of MB and BE distribution
Authors: Roy S , Banerjee A , Sanyal S , Ghosh D , Sengupta R
Published: May 2021

Raga characterization in Indian classical music is an important aspect of music learning in this country. But the methods usually followed are mostly qualitative. In this study, we intend to quantify such abstractness using measurable parameters. To study musical information congregation quantifiably, we introduce methods based on well-known concepts used in Statistical Physics, namely Maxwell-Boltzmann (MB) and Bose-Einstein (BE) distribution. In this present study, these distributions have been applied on the chosen acoustic signals to find new parameters (equivalent to ‘temperature’ in physical systems) which can distinguish between different features of different ragas (containing the same notes) in Indian classical music. Music clips chosen were the ‘Alap’ part of these three different ragas (Marwa, Puriya, Sohini) sung by a legendary classical music maestro. All of the chosen three ragas are based on the following same note structure: Sa, komal Re, shuddh Ga, tivra Ma, shuddh Dha, shuddh Ni. To apply MB statistics to music, it is assumed that different notes with different occurrence frequencies are at different energy levels, the distribution of which follows the MB distribution pattern. In case of BE statistics, a rank-frequency distribution of the time durations of various notes of different ragas is studied. The resulting analysis gives rise to a number of parameters that help to categorize the individual characteristics of ragas. The methods studied here are novel in the music research field and can prove to be useful in the fields of music and speech as quantifying parameters for style identification.
Sound absorption performance of nonwoven fabrics
Authors: Prasetiyo I , Gunawan  , Adhika D R
Published: May 2021

Nowadays, the demand of sustainable and eco- friendly absorber is increasing. Non-woven fabrics made of textile waste can be a good candidate to address such a demand. From measurement results, absorption capability of this kind of material is evident. However, most of non-woven fabrics are manufactured on the basis of density only rather than targeted acoustic parameter to meet particular absorption performance. This work is focused on investigation of non-woven fabrics sound absorption performance characteristics. For this, surface morphology of non-woven fabrics with different density is evaluated by which detail geometrical properties of fiber can be observed. Experimental works on similar material system with variation in density and thickness are also conducted to obtain sound absorption coefficients. It is found that fiber size affects the absorption performance for the same thickness by which flow resistivity can be determined. For thickness of 10-50 mm, fibre size of 15-23 µm can produce sound absorption greater than 0.7 while the thickness and flow resistivity are inter-play to determine overall absorption characteristics.
Joint parameter determination using FRF decoupling method for connected solid plates
Authors: Patil R A
Published: May 2021

Use of the FRF decoupling method can be used to determine joint parameters for connected systems. The method has been verified to determine stiffness parameter for lumped mass systems and beam elements by the author in his earlier publication. Modal coupling method used to verify generated FRF in a coupled system for simple mass damper system. Sensitivity modes can be used for identifying the most accurate values for stiffness. In this paper, the method is extended to determine the stiffness parameter for a solid element. Though solid elements have only translational degree of freedoms (DOFs), this method can be used to determine rotational stiffness apart from translational stiffness for joint parameter.
Geometrically non-linear forced vibrations of Euler–Bernoulli laminated composite beams
Authors: El khouddar Y , Adri A , Rifai S , Benamar R
Published: May 2021

The objective of this research is to study geometrically non-linear free vibrations and forced vibrations subjected to harmonic excitations of laminated composite beams. On the basis of Euler Bernoulli’s beam theory and Green-Lagrange’s hypothesis of geometric non-linearity, the theoretical model has been established. Taking into account the harmonic response, the transverse displacement function of the non-linear beam determined by applying Hamilton’s principle, the problem is reduced to a non-linear algebraic system solved by an approximate method. In order to verify this method, numerical examples for carbon/epoxy materials, under two boundary conditions, i.e. clamped-free and clamped- clamped, have been performed and the results are very consistent with those obtained in the literature. In addition, based on the approximate multimode method in the vicinity of the predominant mode, a nonlinear forced response was performed for a wide range of vibration amplitudes. It should also be noted that the effects on the non-linear forced dynamic response of the fiber orientation and number of layers, the excitation frequency and the level of the applied harmonic force have been studied and illustrated by various examples.
Acoustic monitoring using PyzoFlex®: a novel printed sensor for smart consumer products
Authors: Blass M , Krebs F , Amon C , Adler M , Zirkl M , Tschepp A , Graf F
Published: May 2021

Acoustic monitoring has always been a niche area in the field of monitoring applications compared to other modalities, such as computer vision. Over the last decades, the number of applications for acoustic monitoring has been growing and ranges from predictive maintenance within the industrial sector to acoustic scene classification and security monitoring in traffic and urban scenarios. With the rise of the internet-of-things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI) in recent years, smart consumer products and devices have pushed forward using different sensor technologies to enhance the user experience. To this end, acoustic monitoring is still an underestimated discipline with great potential to serve as a missing link in smart sensing within environments where other modalities face difficulties. In this paper, we present PyzoFlex®, a printable sensor technology which facilitates accurate measurement of pressure and temperature changes in objects and their environment, as a sensor interface for acoustic monitoring applications. In contrast to microphones or acceleration sensors, PyzoFlex may be printed onto any curved or textured surface. To demonstrate the possibilities, we present a case study in which we equip a coffee machine with PyzoFlex to acoustically monitor the machine states in real-time using a machine learning model.
An ultra low-power ECG amplifier for wearable devices using classical 2-stage OTA
Authors: Zheng Keran , Sun Yuchen , Zhang Yuelin
Published: May 2021

Wearabl smart devices have become an important method to monitor people’s health. This research work aims to offer a relatively optimum solution to amplify the biomedical signal in the case of wearable devices. This is done by using the single-stage amplifier and Operational Transimpedance Amplifier (OTA) stage. The OTA stage uses a typical 2-stage amplifier topology, with first-stage differential pair, second stage a common source to provide high-gain. Simulation results showed that the amplifier has a differential gain of 40.04dB, a total integrated input-referred noise of 3.59uVrms, a total power consumption of 1.44uW, a NEF of 21 and a CMRR of 82 dB. In conclusion, the results verify the single-stage amplifier topology is useful and satisfy the low-power requirement.
One-Dimensional Bimetallic Lantern Complex
Authors: Sun Cuicui , Liu Xinying
Published: May 2021

As the scale of microelectronic circuit devices approaches the atomic limit, the study of molecular-based wires and magnets has become more prevalent. Lantern (or paddle-wheel) complexes with conventional {O(S),O} donor building block came into being, dozens of new lantern complexes have been prepared at present. The use of organic monomers to connect such complex building block to form metal coordination polymers with rigid open framework and tunable properties has become a research hotspot. Such polymers can be assembled in a one-dimensional array to produce unique electronic and magnetic properties for use in vapor color sensors, luminescent materials, magnetic resonance imaging, etc., to create diversified and multidisciplinary research fields.
Discrete structural optimization of a passenger car rear seat frame using aluminium alloy
Authors: Chao Ma , Yunkai Gao
Published: May 2021

To reduce the weight and improve the structural performances of a passenger car rear seat frame, this study uses a discrete structural optimization method to design an aluminium alloy seat frame to replace the original steel one. The optimization problem aims to minimize the total mass, manufacturing cost, the maximum displacements and tensile stresses under certain load conditions and maximize the first order natural frequency. The cross-sectional dimensions and material types of members in the seat frame are considered as the design variables. A modified non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm, the third version (mNSGA-III) which is adapted at handling problems with four or more objective functions, is used to solve the optimization problem. To benchmark the performance of the proposed method, a multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) method is also utilized to solve the optimization problem. The comparison between the solutions obtained by the proposed method and the MDO method shows that the accuracy and the effectiveness of the proposed method are better. A weight saving of 35.1% is achieved by the aluminium alloy seat frame as compared to the original steel seat frame.
Research on the Wake-up Effect of Ferroelectric HfO2-ZrO2 Thin Films
Authors: Li Rui , Zhu Hui , Liu Jie , Wang Si , Xie Na , Huang Zeng , Fang Zhixuan
Published: May 2021

The appearance of ferroelectric (FE) and anti-ferroelectric (AFE) properties in HfO2-based thin films is highly intriguing in terms of both the scientific context and practical application in various electronic and energy-related devices. Interestingly, these materials showed a “wake-up effect”, which refers to the increase in remanent polarization with increasing electric field cycling number before the occurrence of the fatigue effect. The appearance of ferroelectric (FE) and anti-ferroelectric (AFE) properties in HfO2-based thin films is highly intriguing in terms of both the scientific context and practical application in various electronic and energy. In this paper, we have conducted an in-depth study on the relationship between the Wake-up effect in HfO2-based films and oxygen vacancies.
Temperature-dependent photoluminescence of InAs quantum dots Grown on Silicon
Authors: Yao Lijuan , Zhang Bowen , Fang Xuan , Li Bobo , Yuen Mukfung , Leung Wingpo
Published: May 2021

This paper presents detailed studies on the temperature dependent photoluminescence (PL) of self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots grown on planar on-axis Si (001) substrates. Through the analyze, we have a better understanding of carrier transport processes into InAs/GaAs quantum dots system. Before 160K, the carrier transport from wetting layer to excited states (ES) and ground states (GS) is domination. As the temperature keeps rising, carrier thermal escape from GS to ES is domination.
Low Turn-Off Loss Shorted-Anode IGBT with Multiple p+/n Collector
Authors: Shi Shangyang , Tang Zongxuan , Yang Jishi
Published: May 2021

In this study, after numerical simulation, a novel snapback-free Shorted-Anode Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (SA-IGBT) with a Multiple p+/n Collector is proposed and investigated. This structure consists of P+ pillars located on the side of the collector. The P+ pillars provide high carrier injection efficiency and increase the anode resistance during the turn-on transient, eliminate the snapback phenomenon, and above all, they also extract holes during the turn-off process. This results in better performance between Eoff and Vce with the multiple p+/n collector (MPC) SA-IGBT and is advantageous for turn-off loss. When the MPC SA-IGBT and the SA-IGBT have the same forward voltage drop, the MPC structure reduces the turn-off loss by 25%.
A review of EEG acquisition, processing and application
Authors: Li Bohao , Cheng Tianshuo , Guo Zexuan
Published: May 2021

As the study about the human body goes forward, some breakthrough in human biological signals is made, especially in EEG signal. At the same time, people are getting to know more about the benefits of EEG. Therefore, EEG research is enjoying a stronger demand around the world. Nowadays, EEG research is carried in several fields and different stages, such as the acquisition of EEG, the processing of EEG, energy recovery of EEG, etc. Scholars are mainly searching for behavioral and electrophysiology, neural network, multi-lead electroencephalogram, non-invasive brain imaging technology, etc. And the current research frontier and the main trend is the comprehensive study of brain function and disease at the molecular, cellular, and global levels and the understanding of the brain structure principle from the brain development process. In this review, three aspects are chosen to study: the processing of EEG, the acquisition of EEG and EEG application. Four EEG acquisition methods, five ways of EEG processing system and three patterns of application are introduced. EEG acquisition system comprises scalp electrodes, a signal isolation amplifier, an analog-to-digital converter, and a wireless transmission module. Low power consumption, small size and portability are the main directions. The research status and difficulties of suitable electrodes, high integration acquisition chip, and analysis algorithm are analyzed and predicted. Due to the rapid development of EEG signal processing, the application of EEG has developed from medical rehabilitation to driving safety, education assistance, and entertainment consumption.
Comparison of different fiducial markers to guide SPECT and CT image registration
Authors: Zanetti T.C. , Brunetto S.Q. , Souza E.M. , Sachinelli L.D.S. , Ramos C.D. , Zantut-Wittmann D.E.
Published: May 2021

Registration and fusion guided by the fiducial markers of
SPECT and CT images acquired via distinct equipment is a common
practice in several nuclear medicine centres. In this study, five
different fiducial configurations were studied and compared for
SPECT and CT image acquisitions: iodide-131 (131I) within a
needle cap, 131I associated with cotton, a lead and a ceramic
aluminium sphere or mixed with an agarose solution. Fiducials that
employed agarose mixtures presented the lowest dpr values
(between 0.34 and 0.53 mm) and better homogeneous regions in both
images to perform registration. In addition, this assembly exhibited
the lowest global mean dpr and standard deviations in
Gaussian adjustments. In comparison with the other configurations,
the agarose dpr was statistically lower than that of
cotton, ceramic aluminium and just 131I for all the six
landmarks. Despite its similarity with the lead sphere
configuration, for five of the landmarks, agarose showed no
artefacts in CT and more homogeneous regions of interest in SPECT
images. In addition, agarose demonstrated great reproducibility to
guide point-based registration processes.
Effect of water stress on antibacterial activity, Total Phenolic Content and Total Flavonoid Content of Clitoria ternatea
Authors: Anuar N A , Pa’ee F , Manan N A , Md Salleh N A
Published: May 2021

The present investigation was aimed in determining the antibacterial activity of Clitoria ternatea that experiencing water stress treatment which comprises of positive control (watered normally for every 24 hours), negative control (no presence of water) and a treatment where C. ternatea receive water for every 48 hours. Agar disk diffusion assay had been utilized in order to investigate the measurement of zone of inhibition based on the methanolic leaf extract of C. ternatea for each treatment. Plus, calculation had been done for total phenolic content and total flavonoid content, to correlate between the length of inhibition zone. The results show that there is no presence of inhibition zone for all treatments which might be due to the low potency of the methanolic leaf extract, 0.02g/ml. C. ternatea that undergo every 48 hours of water presence hold the highest amount of total phenolic content whilst C. ternatea that encountered negative control of treatment possess the high amount of total flavonoid content. High quantity of phenolic and flavonoid content can be related with high amount of antioxidant capacity.
Development of bambangan (Mangifera pajang) carbonated drink
Authors: Benjamin M A Z , Abu Bakar M F , Abu Bakar F I , Sabran S F , Kormin F , Mohamad Fuzi S F Z
Published: May 2021

Mangifera pajang Kostermans or bambangan is a popular fruit among Sabahan due to its health and economic values. However, the fruit is not fully commercialized since it is usually been used as traditional cuisine by local people. Thus, development of bambangan fruit into carbonated drink was conducted to produce new product concept. The objectives of this study were to conceptualize, formulate, evaluate consumer acceptance, and determine physicochemical properties and nutritional composition of the accepted product. Method used in conceptualising the product was based on questionnaire. The consumer acceptance was evaluated based on descriptive and affective tests with four product formulations tested. The physicochemical properties on carbon dioxide volume, colour, pH, total acidity, total soluble solid (TSS) and viscosity were highlighted, meanwhile nutritional composition on fat, protein, carbohydrates and energy content were determined. About 77% respondents gave positive feedback, and 69% respondents decided this product is within their budget. The formulation of 5% bambangan pulp, 70% water, 25% sugar and 0.2% citric acid was highly accepted in descriptive and affective tests with 4.4 and 6.39 mean scores, respectively. The physicochemical properties and nutritional composition of the acceptance product were in optimum value except for colour, total acidity and TSS. Overall, this study showed that the product has high potential to be commercialized as new product concept, and heritage of indigenous people can be preserved when this fruit is known regionally.
Determination of the Antioxidant Activity and Bioactive Compounds of Mulberry Fruit Extracts
Authors: Centhyea  , Fadhilah M A , Nor Qhairul Izzreen M N
Published: May 2021

White mulberry (Morus albaL.) is a berry native to China which fruit is usually eaten fresh or after processed. Its bioactive compounds vary depending on species, cultivation, location and others. In this study, the total flavonoids content, total phenolic content, total anthocyanins content and antioxidant activity ofMorus albaL. fruit grown in Tuaran, Sabah were analyzed. Fruit was extracted with 60°C hot water and 80% ethanol, while the total bioactive compounds analysis utilized aluminum chloride, Folin-Ciocalteu and pH differential method in determining the flavonoids, phenolic, and anthocyanins content. Their antioxidant activity was determined using Free Radical Scavenging 2.2-Dyphenyl-1-Pikrilhidrazil (DPPH), Ferric Reduction Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and Radical Cation 2,2’-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) assay. As a result, significantly higher (p < 0.05) content of total flavonoids (104.34 mg QE mg−1), phenolic (1.21 mg GAE mg−1) and anthocyanins (0.74 mg c-3-ge mg−1) were obtained from ethanolic extract than the hot water extract. Also, significantly higher (p < 0.05) antioxidant activity was observed in ethanolic extract for DPPH (0.50 mg mL−1), FRAP (3.74 mm Fe (II) g−1) and ABTS (6.05 mg AEAC g−1). Data showed that ethanol solvent (80%) is a better solvent forMorus albaL. fruit’s extraction.
Documentation of plants as natural colorants by Temuan community in Taman Negara Johor Gunung Ledang
Authors: Hassan N A , Md Salleh N A , Sabran S F , Norazlimi N A , Rahman A A A , Pa’ee F
Published: May 2021

This research is about the ethnobotanical studies of the natural color used by Temuan community in three different villages around Taman Negara Johor Gunung Ledang which are Kampung Sungai Air Tawas, Kampung Tanah Gembur, and Kampung Sungai Mersing. This study aims to document the information about plants used by the aboriginal community which act as natural colorants for future references. Semi-structured questionnaires were given to the community during the interview. The plants used by them as natural colorants were recorded. The plant sample was taken during the interview with Temuan community for the preparation of herbarium specimen. It was found that Curcuma longa is the most used plant for natural yellow color by the community. Besides that, Pandanus amaryllifolius and Lawsonia inermis have high citation frequency for the most used plant for natural green and orange color. This concludes that our environment is equipped with natural resources that are beneficial to human respectively and this traditional knowledge of natural colors must be preserved but also should be disseminated to other people for greater appreciation.
Turtle Awareness Program: A preliminary study on primary school students’ knowledge on turtle conservation in Malaysia
Authors: Ismail N , Nyok C P , Maryati M
Published: May 2021

Malaysia is blessed with 22 species of turtles and tortoises; including marine and freshwater turtles. Unfortunately, these species are severely threatened, eventually leading to loss of population. Thus, Turtle Awareness Programme (Turtle Camp) was initiated to spread turtle conservation awareness by providing opportunities especially for students and teachers to acquire knowledge of turtles in Malaysia and the environment beyond what is taught in school syllabus. This study aims to determine the impact of the programme on students’ knowledge about turtle conservation in 14 primary schools in Kemaman district, Terengganu, Malaysia from 2016-2019. To collect data, students’ knowledge tests using survey questionnaires were conducted before and after the programme. Majority of students (66.11%) achieved the highest score range (80-100) after the post-test. The level of knowledge acquired by students in the relevant themes (taxonomy, diversity, diet, reproduction and conservation awareness) also significantly improved after the programme. Thus, the awareness program had positively contributed in enhancing the knowledge of students on turtle conservation awareness. More depth evaluations of programme such as motivation and behavioural change and systematic educational module should be developed and tested out to ensure continuity and effectiveness of the programmes in the future.
The effect of different growing media on growth performance of Clinacanthus nutans
Authors: Ismail-Embong N , Manan N A , Md Salleh N A , Pa’ee F
Published: May 2021

The effect of different growing media on the growth performance was tested for Clinacanthus nutans (Sabah snake grass). Five different growth media including T1: soil, T2: soil: coco peat (2:1), T3: soil: peat moss (2:1), T4: soil: coco peat (3:1) and T5: soil: peat moss (3:1) were used for growing Clinacanthus nutans. Height of the plants (cm), number of leaves, number of side branches, length of side branches (cm), root length (cm) and root weight (g) were determined. The chemical properties of each growth medium, including pH, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were also determined. The aimed of this study was to measure the growth rate of Clinacanthus nutans affected by the different growing media. The findings of this study showed the height of the plants (cm), number of leaves, length of side branches (cm), root length (cm) and root weight (g) were affected significantly when the plants were grown in soil mix with peat moss in T3. The finding of this study showed that the increased of nutrient in the growth media can be useful in the growth performance of the Clinacanthus nutans.