bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A General and Comprehensive Subclass of Univalent Functions Associated with Certain Geometric Functions
Authors: Al-Hawary Tariq , Frasin Basem , Aldawish Ibtisam
Published: August 2024

In this paper, taking into account the intriguing recent results of Rabotnov functions, Poisson functions, Bessel functions and Wright functions, we consider a new comprehensive subclass Oμ(Δ1,Δ2,Δ3,Δ4) of univalent functions defined in the unit disk Λ={τ∈C:τ<1}. More specifically, we investigate some sufficient conditions for Rabotnov functions, Poisson functions, Bessel functions and Wright functions to be in this subclass. Some corollaries of our main results are given. The novelty and the advantage of this research could inspire researchers of further studies to find new sufficient conditions to be in the subclass Oμ(Δ1,Δ2,Δ3,Δ4) not only for the aforementioned special functions but for different types of special functions, especially for hypergeometric functions, Dini functions, Sturve functions and others.
Computer Simulation-Based Multi-Objective Optimisation of Additively Manufactured Cranial Implants
Authors: Moya Brian J. , Rivas Marcelino , Quiza Ramón , Davim J. Paulo
Published: August 2024

Driven by the growing interest of the scientific community and the proliferation of research in this field, cranial implants have seen significant advancements in recent years regarding design techniques, structural optimisation, appropriate material selection and fixation system method. Custom implants not only enhance aesthetics and functionality, but are also crucial for achieving proper biological integration and optimal blood irrigation, critical aspects in bone regeneration and tissue health. This research aims to optimize the properties of implants designed from triply periodic minimal surface structures. The gyroid architecture is employed for its balance between mechanical and biological properties. Experimental samples were designed varying three parameters of the surface model: cell size, isovalue and shape factor. Computational simulation tools were used for determining the relationship between those parameters and the response variables: the surface area, permeability, porosity and Young modulus. These tools include computer aided design, finite element method and computational fluid dynamics. With the simulated values, the corresponding regression models were fitted. Using the NSGA-II, a multi-objective optimisation was carried out, finding the Pareto set which includes surface area and permeability as targets, and fulfil the constraints related with the porosity and Young modulus. From these non-dominated solutions, the most convenient for a given application was chosen, and an optimal implant was designed, from a patient computed tomography scan. An implant prototype was additively manufactured for validating the proposed approach.
A Review of 3D Modalities Used for the Diagnosis of Scoliosis
Authors: Kumar Sampath , Awadhiya Bhaskar , Ratnakumar Rahul , Thalengala Ananthakrishna , Areeckal Anu Shaju , Nanjappa Yashwanth
Published: August 2024

Spine radiographs in the standing position are the recommended standard for diagnosing idiopathic scoliosis. Though the deformity exists in 3D, its diagnosis is currently carried out with the help of 2D radiographs due to the unavailability of an efficient, low-cost 3D alternative. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are not suitable in this case, as they are obtained in the supine position. Research on 3D modelling of scoliotic spine began with multiplanar radiographs and later moved on to biplanar radiographs and finally a single radiograph. Nonetheless, modern advances in diagnostic imaging have the potential to preserve image quality and decrease radiation exposure. They include the DIERS formetric scanner system, the EOS imaging system, and ultrasonography. This review article briefly explains the technology behind each of these methods. They are compared with the standard imaging techniques. The DIERS system and ultrasonography are radiation free but have limitations with respect to the quality of the 3D model obtained. There is a need for 3D imaging technology with less or zero radiation exposure and that can produce a quality 3D model for diseases like adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Accurate 3D models are crucial in clinical practice for diagnosis, planning surgery, patient follow-up examinations, biomechanical applications, and computer-assisted surgery.
Electrokinetic Remediation of Cu- and Zn-Contaminated Soft Clay with Electrolytes Situated above Soil Surfaces
Authors: Sun Zhaohua , Geng Jingxian , Zhang Cheng , Du Qiu
Published: August 2024

Electrokinetic remediation (EKR) has shown great potential for the remediation of in situ contaminated soils. For heavy metal-contaminated soft clay with high moisture content and low permeability, an electrokinetic remediation method with electrolytes placed above the ground surface is used to avoid issues such as electrolyte leakage and secondary contamination that may arise from directly injecting electrolytes into the soil. In this context, using this novel experimental device, a set of citric acid (CA)-enhanced EKR tests were conducted to investigate the optimal design parameters for Cu- and Zn-contaminated soft clay. The average removal rates of heavy metals Cu and Zn in these tests were in the range of 27.9–85.5% and 63.9–83.5%, respectively. The results indicate that the Zn removal was efficient. This was determined by the migration intensity of the electro-osmotic flow, particularly the volume reduction of the anolyte. The main factors affecting the Cu removal efficiency in sequence were the effective electric potential of the contaminated soft clay and the electrolyte concentration. Designing experimental parameters based on these parameters will help remove Cu and Zn. Moreover, the shear strength of the contaminated soil was improved; however, the degree of improvement was limited. Low-concentration CA can effectively control the contact resistance between the anode and soil, the contact resistance between the cathode and soil, and the soil resistance by increasing the amount of electrolyte and the contact area between the electrolyte and soil.
A Novel Flood Regional Composition Method for Design Flood Estimation in the Cascade Reservoirs
Authors: Zhong Sirui , Guo Shenglian , He Yanfeng , Xie Yuzuo
Published: August 2024

The regulation of upstream cascade reservoirs has significantly altered the downstream hydrologic regime and should be taken into account in design flood estimation. The current flood regional composition (FRC) methods do not consider the unfavorable situations for reservoir flood control operation. In this paper, a novel framework, the most unfavorable flood regional composition (MUFRC) method, was proposed based on flood risk analysis to estimate design flood in the cascade reservoir operation period. The cascade reservoirs in the Yalong River basin were selected as a case study. The results indicated that (1) the proposed MUFRC method would allocate more flood volume to the downstream uncontrolled sub-basin, and the precise definition of flood disaster loss could have a significant impact on the MUFRC method for the rational estimation of design flood. (2) The 1000-year design flood peak, and 3-day and 7-day flood volumes at the outlet section estimated by the MUFRC method are 15,400 m3/s, 3.91, and 8.42 billion m3, respectively, which are higher than the values estimated by other FRC methods. (3) The flood control water level in the downstream reservoir can be adjusted for the reduction in design floods in the operation period, which can additionally generate 460 million kW·h (+1.82%) of hydropower during the flood season. A comparison study and sensitivity analysis further proved that the MUFRC method can rationally allocate flood volume while balancing the flood risk and comprehensive utilization benefits, which is worth further study and practical application.
Applying Machine Learning Methods to Improve Rainfall–Runoff Modeling in Subtropical River Basins
Authors: Yu Haoyuan , Yang Qichun
Published: August 2024

Machine learning models’ performance in simulating monthly rainfall–runoff in subtropical regions has not been sufficiently investigated. In this study, we evaluate the performance of six widely used machine learning models, including Long Short-Term Memory Networks (LSTMs), Support Vector Machines (SVMs), Gaussian Process Regression (GPR), LASSO Regression (LR), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), and the Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM), against a rainfall–runoff model (WAPABA model) in simulating monthly streamflow across three subtropical sub-basins of the Pearl River Basin (PRB). The results indicate that LSTM generally demonstrates superior capability in simulating monthly streamflow than the other five machine learning models. Using the streamflow of the previous month as an input variable improves the performance of all the machine learning models. When compared with the WAPABA model, LSTM demonstrates better performance in two of the three sub-basins. For simulations in wet seasons, LSTM shows slightly better performance than the WAPABA model. Overall, this study confirms the suitability of machine learning methods in rainfall–runoff modeling at the monthly scale in subtropical basins and proposes an effective strategy for improving their performance.
Fusarium: o fungo responsável por causar cegueira em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de catarata no Brasil em 2023 – uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Martins Aline Aparecida Silva , Casali Agnes Kiesling , Fortes Fernanda Meneghello Delvivo , Cesar Jorgino Júlio
Published: August 2024

No Brasil, em 2023, 104 pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de catarata tiveram infecção por Fusarium, sete pessoas perderam a visão de pelo menos um olho de forma definitiva. Diante da relevância de infecções fúngicas para a saúde pública, o objetivo do presente artigo foi realizar uma revisão da literatura a respeito de Fusarium spp.Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica narrativa da literatura a partir de artigos científicos de revisão e artigos originais. Dentre as espécies de Fusarium associadas com infecções em humanos, destacam-se as espécies Fusarium solani, sendo identificadas em cerca de 60% das ceratites. As micotoxinas Fumosina e Tricotecenos são comumente associadas às manifestações clínicas. O diagnóstico é realizado a partir de exames clínicos e laboratoriais. O tratamento envolve os antifúngicos do tipo Anfotericina B, derivados azólicos e Equinocandinas. Contudo, devido à capacidade de formar biofilmes e mutações, Fusarium tem apresentado resistência aos antifúngicos, principalmente aos da classe azois, o que tem se tornado um desafio ao tratamento. Soma-se ainda o fato de os fungos serem organismos eucariotos, o que dificulta o desenvolvimento de novas drogas terapêuticas, uma vez que é necessário alvos específicos de modo a garantir a toxicidade seletiva. A complexidade das infecções por Fusarium, associada à resistência aos principais antifúngicos, evidencia a necessidade da compreensão das características do agente etiológico, bem como das formas de transmissão e prevenção por parte dos profissionais de saúde e da população, de modo a garantir melhores estratégias de saúde por meio da vigilância epidemiológica.
Calidad ambiental de la laguna “El Mirador” del humedal relicto de Ventanilla - Callao, 2023
Authors: Carrera Dante Pedro Sánchez , Aranda Ahuber Omar Vásquez , Orihuela Braulio Armando Valdivia , Alarcón Angelino Oscar Gonzales , Mori Luciana Zharai Mundaca , Alpaca Eymi Francesca Sánchez , Silva José Manuel Valer
Published: August 2024

El objetivo de la investigación fue Evaluar la calidad ambiental de la laguna “El Mirador” del humedal relicto de Ventanilla-Callao, mediante la determinación del Índice de Calidad del Agua (ICA-PER), establecido por la Autoridad Nacional del Agua, incorporando el análisis de parámetros fisicoquímicos, inorgánicos y microbiológicos. El método consistió en realizar tres monitoreos trimestrales de los parámetros en mención en 5 estaciones y determinar las condiciones ambientales de la laguna. Para efectos de comparación se tomaron en cuenta los Estándares de Calidad Ambiental: Conservación del Ambiente Acuático, Sub-Categoría (E1), Lagos y Lagunas. Los resultados expresan y califican el estado de la calidad del agua en las 5 estaciones en el rango de 45 a 74 mostrando finalmente una calificación de Regular, es decir el agua natural es eventualmente amenazada o dañada, a menudo se aleja de los valores deseables, necesariamente se requiere de un tratamiento o un plan de recuperación de dicho ecosistema.
Cólica equina: decidindo a necessidade de intervenção cirúrgica
Authors: Melo Ubiratan Pereira de , Ferreira Cintia
Published: August 2024

A determinação da necessidade de intervenção cirúrgica em equinos com cólica é crucial para garantir tratamento adequado e evitar complicações graves. Uma pesquisa sistemática da literatura relativa ao assunto foi realizada em bases de dados acadêmicas, incluindo PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, e Google Acadêmico utilizando termos de busca relevantes relacionados à cólica equina. Artigos pertinentes ao assunto foram selecionados e suas informações organizadas em uma revisão de literatura do tipo narrativa.
A cólica equina é uma condição dolorosa e potencialmente fatal que pode resultar de uma variedade de causas, desde distúrbios gastrintestinais simples até obstruções intestinais complexas. A identificação precoce de sinais de cólica grave, como frequência cardíaca elevada, tempo de preenchimento capilar prolongado e dor abdominal intensa é fundamental para iniciar uma intervenção rápida. A avaliação clínica, incluindo exames físicos, análises laboratoriais e métodos de diagnóstico por imagem, desempenha um papel crucial na determinação da gravidade da cólica e na decisão da intervenção cirúrgica. A intervenção cirúrgica oportuna pode salvar vidas e melhorar significativamente o prognóstico em casos graves de cólica equina.
Population dynamics of Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton, 1856 (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) and impact of its parasitism on clementine trees at the Boufarik-Blida station (Algeria)
Authors: Houda Bendoumia , Ibtissam Lorabi , El Houda Oudjouadj Nour , Hassina Khechna , Salaheddine Doumandji
Published: August 2024

A study was conducted for eight months in 2021 in the Boufarik-Blida region (Algeria) to analyse the population dynamics of Phyllocnistis citrella and the incidence of the parasite on citrus fruit, in particular clementines. The main data showed a significant increase in the rate of parasitism, with peaks of 73% and 72% during the first outing. After 28 June, fluctuations in the rate of parasitism were observed, highlighting the importance of the activity of beneficials, particularly those reared in a greenhouse close to the orchards, such as Semielacher pesiolatus. The relationship between rates of infestation and parasitism is increasing, with parasitism exceeding infestation. This dynamic is influenced by several factors, including temperature variations, and highlights the effectiveness of biological control using parasitoids. The installation of greenhouses for rearing beneficials near infested orchards, combined with other integrated pest management methods, represents a promising and sustainable solution for combating citrus leafminer.
Skin manifestations in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. A clinical lecture
Authors: Dubnyak N. S. , Dubnyak I. N. , Maltseva E. A. , Kulagina L. M.
Published: August 2024

The skin is a complex organ closely related to the other organs and systems. These relationships, which are referred to as viscerocutaneous in dermatovenereology, can have various mechanisms, in some cases not fully recognized. In this regard, a significant role in the pathogenesis of most skin diseases belongs to pathological processes that occur in internal organs and systems. Physical examination of the skin helps diagnose different somatic diseases, including diseases of the digestive organs. Depending on the gastric or intestinal disease, the skin changes can manifest themselves quickly or durably, though rarely having any characteristic signs. Nevertheless, certain changes affecting the skin can indicate a failure in one or the other part of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
Molecular genetic features of Pseudomonas aeruginosa antibiotic resistance
Authors: Skurikhina Yu. E. , Zaitseva E. A. , Saragovets A. A.
Published: August 2024

Aim. To conduct a genetic analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains to determine changes in their antibiotic resistance from 2012 to 2023.

Materials and methods. In total, 174 strains of P. aeruginosa isolated from patients treated at a multidisciplinary hospital in Vladivostok (Russia) were investigated. The patients were divided into three groups depending on the year of strain isolation: 2012 and 2019 (prior to the coronavirus pandemic) and 2023 (following the pandemic). PCR was conducted using the OXA23, ISAbaI, IMP, VIM, TEM, and NDM antibiotic resistance genes.

Results. The detection frequency of all studied genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance was found to increase over time. The highest growth was detected during the pandemic period (from 2019 to 2023) for ISAbaI (from 69 to 100%), VIM (from 50 to 70%), IMP (from 28 to 48%), and TEM (from 24 up to 96%).

Conclusion. The emergence and spread of important genetic determinants of antibiotic resistance, including NDM-1, among P. aeruginosa was identified. This determines general trends in the population and indicates a growing distribution of antibiotic resistance determinants, and, accordingly, an increase in the overall level of resistance to antimicrobial drugs in HAI pathogens
Innovative developments in the framework of interdisciplinary research: Drugs for radio- and photodynamic therapy
Authors: Shumatov V. B. , Shevchenko O. V. , Plekhova N. G. , Apanasevich V. I. , Medkov M. A. , Steblevskaya N. I. , Trankovskaya L. V. , Lebedev S. V.
Published: August 2024

Treatment strategies based on the combined action of light waves and photosensitive compounds (PS) on tumor cells are highly promising. However, their widespread application is hindered by the penetration depth of infrared waves into body tissues and the “imperfect” design of drugs used in medical practice. The PS activated by electromagnetic waves can be used for non-invasive treatment of deep-seated tumors. The combination of conventional radiotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT) can potentially reduce the toxic effect on normal tissues while maintaining the effectiveness of these methods. The action mechanism of radiophotodynamic therapy (RPDT), as well as the experimental models and protocols for its implementation, remain poorly understood. In this review, we present information on the evolution of the RPDT method and the main scientific achievements in this area. These also include the results obtained by joint efforts of the Pacific State Medical University and the Institute of Chemistry of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, supported by the Priority-2030 strategic academic leadership program.
T-cell lymphoma unspecified with cutaneous manifestations of erythroderma: A clinical case
Authors: Babkova M. I. , Batalova S. K. , Lvova A. A.
Published: August 2024

Nodal peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) represent a rare group of lymphoproliferative diseases, with mature (postthymic) activated T lymphocytes as the substrate. Within this group of lymphomas, the most common subtype is peripheral T-cell lymphoma, unspecified. In this article, a clinical case of erythroderma in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma is described. Based on the medical history, clinical picture, and laboratory examination results, the patient was diagnosed with T-cell lymphoma, unspecified with cutaneous manifestations of erythroderma. The analysis of two lines of therapy, including targeted therapy, is also presented.
Optimizing Soft Leather Production from Back Cut Skins
Authors: Chala Gemechu , Karthikeyan R. , Tesfaye Tamrat
Published: August 2024

This research addresses the significant challenges in converting back cut skins of Nile crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus) into soft leather. The process is complicated by the skins’ inherent hardness and distinct texture. Sourced from the Arba Minch Crocodile Farm, these skins are aesthetically pleasing due to their unique scale patterns. However, they are often overlooked by leather manufacturers because of their rigidity and the complexities involved in processing. Our study proposes a critical modification in the pickling and chrome tanning process, specifically designed to improve fiber opening and separation. This method effectively transforms the durable back cut skins into flexible, soft leather, enhancing their applicability in various leather goods. Furthermore, the research encompasses an extensive evaluation of the raw materials, focusing on their fat and nitrogen composition. Advanced techniques, such as scanning electron microscopy analysis, along with visual examinations and physical tests, affirm the modified tanning process’s efficacy in producing soft leather from crocodile back cut skins. These findings underscore the potential of this refined approach not only to overcome processing challenges but also to expand the use of back cut skins in the leather industry. This research not only offers new opportunities for product diversification but also promotes sustainable practices at Ethiopian Nile Crocodile Farms, contributing to innovative and environmentally responsible leather production methods.
“Reflexiones epistemológicas en relación con la producción de conocimiento en ciencia política y en relaciones internacionales. Ideas para potenciar la docencia universitaria”
Authors: Vázquez Amancio
Published: August 2024

Nuestro artículo aborda la problemática de la investigación en ciencia política y en relaciones internacionales vinculando las principales fundamentaciones teóricas de estas disciplinas con el que, acaso, sea el problema medular del conocimiento científico: el eje objetivismo/subjetivismo y, a su vez, poniendo el foco en la dimensión práctica de la ciencia: sus usos sociales. El resultado se constituye en una reflexión epistemológica que muestra las complejas intervinculaciones heurísticas, metodológicas e ideológicas que son inherentes, y no contingentes, al proceso del conocimiento. Pensamos que de los juicios presentados en estas páginas pueden tomarse ideas para potenciar la enseñanza crítica de la epistemología en el nivel universitario.
A Study on the Activation Plans of Pre-service and In-service Teachers' Learning Community: Focusing on an Education Stakeholders Survey
Authors: Yun Hyewon , Kang Minsoo , Joo Younghyeo ,   The Institute of Educational research Chonnam National University
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to identify the operational status of the pre-service and in-service teachers’ learning community and derive activation plans. To this end, a survey was conducted on pre-service teachers, in-service teachers, educational professionals, and university professors. The main research results are as follows. First, only a few respondents know or have first-hand experience with this community. Second, as factors that hinder the operation of this community, the highest percentage of responses were “lack of time due to the excessive workload of in-service teachers”, “difficulty in forming a horizontal role relationship between pre-service and in-service teachers”, “difficulty in adjusting the time between pre-service and in-service teachers”, and “lack of cooperation and communication system between teacher education institutions and schools”. Third, as institutional plans to activate this community, the highest percentage of responses was “recognition of credits within teacher education institutions”, “securing time through work reduction of in-service teachers”, and “support for the learning community operation budget”. Fourth, as a desirable activity method for this community, the highest percentage of responses was “mentee-mentor activities of pre-service and in-service teachers”. Based on the above major research results, this study suggested plans to activate the learning community of pre-service and in-service teachers.
Valorización de aceite comestible de desecho mediante catálisis heterogénea utilizando catalizadores enzimáticos e inorgánicos de naturaleza ácida
Authors:   , Mateos Paula Stefanía
Published: August 2024

En este trabajo de Tesis doctoral se presenta la investigación del uso de catalizadores inorgánicos y enzimáticos como alternativa prometedora en las reacciones de hidrólisis, esterificación y transesterificación catalíticas de aceite usado en cocción. Los materiales inorgánicos estudiados fueron el heteropoliácido fosfotúngstico con estructura Wells-Dawson másico y dispersado sobre dióxido de titanio, así como también sus sales de manganeso y níquel. Por otro lado, los catalizadores enzimáticos investigados fueron el biocatalizador comercial Eversa® Transform y la fracción insoluble del látex presente en los frutos de Araujia sericifera (ASL).
Brianna E. Robertson-Kirkland, Venanzio Rauzzini and the Birth of a New Style in English Singing: Scandalous Lessons (New York and Abingdon: Routledge, 2022). ISBN: 978-1-032-20029-3, 244pp, £39.99 (paperback).
Authors: Talbot Rachel
Published: August 2024

A Review of Brianna E. Robertson-Kirkland, Venanzio Rauzzini and the Birth of a New Style in English Singing: Scandalous Lessons (New York and Abingdon: Routledge, 2022). ISBN: 978-1-032-20029-3, 244pp, £39.99 (paperback).
Incidencia de flebitis en el Hospital Regional de la Orinoquia, Casanare-Colombia, 2015-2021
Authors: Castañeda-Porras Oneida , Cerón-Rincón Sandra L. , Guzmán-Nieto Katherine , Ramos-Vargas Ángela P. , Remolina-Tumay Angie P. , Rodríguez July M. , Urbina-Mondragón Tatiana , Segura Omar
Published: August 2024

Objetivo. Establecer la incidencia de flebitis en el Hospital Regional de la Orinoquía durante el período 2015-2021. Métodos. Estudio descriptivo transversal. La muestra, a conveniencia, constituida por los registros de casos de flebitis reportados al Sistema de Información de Eventos Adversos (SIEVA), previa depuración según criterios de elegibilidad. Variables: sexo, edad, tipo de seguridad social; servicio hospitalario, sitio anatómico afectado, signos/síntomas, momento de ocurrencia, catéter, tipo de medicamento, tipo de flebitis y clasificación del evento. Análisis por subgrupos con Epi-Info™ 7.2.4.0 mediante estadística descriptiva, medidas de frecuencia, tendencia/dispersión. Resultados. El 91,3% (840/920) de registros fueron objeto de análisis; 2015(11;1,3%), 2016(137;16,3%), 2017(109;12,9%), 2018 (95;11,3%), 2019(172;20,5%), 2020(140;16,7%) y 2021(176;20,9%); 467(55,60%) hombres; por régimen de afiliación, 557(66,3%) subsidiado, 199(23,7%) contributivo; edad promedio 53,1±23,6 años, 714(85,0%) tenían 27 o más años. Servicio hospitalario: 434(51,1%) hospitalización, 192(22,9%) observación, ocurrencia en promedio a las 12,7±6,9 horas. Sitio afectado: 521(62,0%) brazo; Signos/síntomas: 472(56,2%) rubor, 421(50,1%) calor, 271(32,3%) edema, 215(25,6%) dolor; eventos por cambio de sitio de venopunción, 832(99,0%); tipo de medicamento, 57(6,8%) antibiótico, 56(15,6%) flebitis química, clasificación: 755(89,9%) sin riesgo, 66(7,9%) riesgo medio y 9(1,1%) riesgo alto. Conclusiones. La incidencia de flebitis más alta se presenta en 2021, siendo los hombres los más afectados; en el proceso de internación/urgencias. Anatómicamente, el brazo es el sitio más afectado, y la acción de mayor frecuencia es el cambio de sitio, en su mayoría sin riego. En promedio el evento se presenta cercano al proceso de cambio de turno. Se recomienda generar acciones de educación y vigilancia durante la atención hospitalaria.
Factores precipitantes de la insuficiencia cardiaca en adultos del Hospital Militar, Asunción 2023
Authors: Real-Delor Raúl E. , Benítez-López Junior J. , Benítez-López Pamela G. , Diaz-Delvalle Kevin I. , Echague-Gill Andrea B. , Grau-Morán María C. , Mendoza-Recalde Juan J. M. , Ortiz-Duarte Juan M. , Peralta-González Jorge J. , Ramírez-Agüero Geni L. , Valiente-Rivas María J.
Published: August 2024

Objetivo: describir las características demográficas y clínicas y determinar los factores precipitantes de la insuficiencia cardiaca. La importancia de conocer estos factores permitirá aplicar medidas que impidan o retrasen las descompensaciones cardiacas. Métodos: se aplicó un diseño estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte transversal. La muestra se constituyó con varones y mujeres, mayores de edad, que ingresaban por insuficiencia cardiaca descompensada al Servicio de Clínica Médica entre abril y octubre del 2023. Se utilizó un muestreo de casos consecutivos y se midieron variables demográficas y clínicas. Se aplicó estadística descriptiva. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de ética de la Universidad Privada del Este, Paraguay. Resultados: la muestra se constituyó con 130 sujetos, siendo 65 varones con edad media 64 ± 16 años y 65 mujeres con edad media 62 ± 15 años. Las comorbilidades más frecuentes fueron la hipertensión arterial (93,8%) y la diabetes mellitus (56,9%). Los grados funcionales predominantes fueron III (36,1%) y IV (25%). El valor de NT-proBNP se halló elevado sobre todo en el grado funcional IV (mediana 3138 pg/mL). Las causas de descompensación fueron varias en el mismo paciente y predominaron la crisis hipertensiva (71,4%), ingesta excesiva de agua y sal (64,6%) y síndrome coronario agudo (51,5%). La mortalidad fue 0,78%. Conclusiones: las principales causas de descompensación de la insuficiencia cardiaca fueron factores modificables: crisis hipertensiva, falta de adherencia a dieta y síndrome coronario agudo. Se recomienda aplicar medidas preventivas basadas en estos datos, pues las mismas son reversibles.
Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Ideación Suicida de Paykel en un colegio secundario de Colombia
Authors: Álvarez-Merlano Nicolas
Published: August 2024

Objetivo. Determinar discriminación, fiabilidad y validez interna de la Escala de Ideación Suicida de Paykel (PSS). Métodos. Diseño instrumental descriptivo de corte transversal. La muestra estuvo constituida por 120 estudiantes de básica secundaria adscritos a una institución educativa pública, quienes respondieron voluntariamente la escala. Se implementaron tres etapas de evaluación. Primera: evaluación de los estadísticos sociodemográficos y la correlación ítem-total. Segunda: Evaluación de la consistencia interna mediante el alfa ordinal de Cronbach y omega ordinal de McDonald. Tercera: validez de constructo mediante el análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC). Resultados. La versión final es de 5 reactivos con un alfa de Cronbach de 0.90 (IC 99%: 0.84-0.94) y omega de McDonald's de 0,91 (IC 99%: 0.86-0.94). El AFC validó el modelo original de Paykel con una estructura interna unidimensional con los siguientes indicadores de bondad de ajuste: χ² = 8.35 (p = 0.14); gl = 5; χ²/gl = 1.67; CFI = 0.99; AGFI= 0.99; SRMR = 0.03 y RMSEA = 0.07. Conclusiones. La escala es un instrumento de utilidad con propiedades psicométricas satisfactorias. Recomendable para evaluar la ideación suicida en estudiantes de básica secundaria.
Structure and dynamics of adsorbed water on carbon nanotubes: a molecular dynamics simulation
Authors: Maekawa Yuki , Kioka Yusei , Sasaoka Kenji , Homma Yoshikazu , Yamamoto Takahiro
Published: August 2024

Water adsorbed on carbon nanotube (CNT) surfaces is known to have unique properties, however, the structure and dynamics of adsorbed water on CNT have been unclarified. We investigated the temperature dependence of the structure and rotational dynamics of adsorbed water on carbon nanotube surfaces using a classical molecular dynamics simulation. At a specific adsorption amount and temperature, a rhombic ice structure and a polygon structure that includes pentamers and hexamers coexist in the adsorbed water. Rotational dynamics analysis indicates that the rhombic ice exhibits solid-like behavior and that the polygon structure exhibits liquid-like behavior. Their coexistence is regarded as a solid–liquid crossover.
Interface state density in mist chemical vapor deposited Al2O3/AlGaN/GaN structure
Authors: Bito Keigo , Ishiguro Masaki , Radzuan Hadirah A. , Hiroshige Hikaru , Motoyama Tomohiro , Nakamura Yusui , Asubar Joel T. , Yatabe Zenji
Published: August 2024

Uniform thickness Al2O3 thin films have been deposited by eco-friendly mist CVD. The obtained Al2O3 film has an optical band gap value of more than 6.5 eV and a refractive index of 1.64 at 633 nm. The combination of capacitance–voltage (C–V) fitting method with non-linear least-squares algorithm, frequency dispersion, photo-assisted, and proposed reverse bias-assisted C–V methods revealed interface state densities ranging from 1 × 1012 to 3 × 1013 cm−2eV−1 along the mist-Al2O3/AlGaN interface. These values are comparable to those reported for atomic layer deposited Al2O3 thin films.
Optimizing Mixture Ratios for Continual Pre-training of Commercial Large Language Models
Authors: Linwood Eda , Fairchild Tristan , Everly James
Published: August 2024

Large language models have dramatically transformed various fields by enhancing the capabilities of artificial intelligence in understanding and generating human language. The novel concept of predicting critical mixture ratios for continual pre-training introduces a significant advancement in optimizing the performance and efficiency of such models. Through leveraging advanced machine learning techniques, the study develops a predictive framework that systematically varies mixture ratios and evaluates their impact on model performance. The results highlight substantial improvements in accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, demonstrating the efficacy of optimized mixture ratios. Furthermore, the study shows that models trained with these optimized ratios exhibit enhanced generalization capabilities, maintaining high performance across unseen datasets. The research also addresses the reduction in training time, translating to operational efficiency gains and cost savings. Despite the promising findings, the study acknowledges several limitations, including the need for more diverse datasets and a deeper exploration of hyperparameter interactions. Future research directions include expanding the scope of data, integrating reinforcement learning techniques, and developing sophisticated validation methods. The study’s insights and methodologies provide a valuable foundation for future research and practical implementations, aiming to create more effective and adaptable language models for various applications.
The Pertinent Role of HSV and CMV in Sudanese Esophageal Cancer Epidemiology
Authors: Khalifa Mohamed Mahgoub Hassan , Beely Mohamed Ahmed Babikir Ibrahim , Eldour Ahmed Abdalla Ajab , Khalifa Hassan Mahgoub Hassan , Ahmed Hussain Gadelkarim
Published: August 2024

Background: Viruses may play a role in the development of esophageal cancer (EC), although this is not yet known with certainty. This study, which examines Sudanese individuals with esophageal tumors, seeks to identify the involvement of cytomegalovirus (CMV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) in the development of esophageal cancer. Materials and methods: This study looked back at 61 blocks of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue that had already been identified as esophageal cancers. It used immunohistochemical staining to find herpes simplex virus type 1 and cytomegalovirus. Data were obtained from histopathology laboratories at the National Health Laboratory (NHL) and Soba University Hospital between January 2017 and January 2020. Positive results were confirmed with the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Results: Of the 61 FFPE blocks analyzed, 35 (57.4%) belonged to men. The bulk of participants (54.1%) were older than 60 years old. The most prevalent tumor type was squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), which accounted for 75.4% of cases. 16.4% of participants, equally divided between males and females, tested positive for HSV. 70% of HSV positive results came from people over the age of 60, and all of them were in SCC cases. Males accounted for 57% of the positive results. Individuals over the age of 60 were responsible for 80% of positive CMV results, while SCC cases accounted for 85%. All the PCR results were negative. Conclusion: These results imply a link between HSV, CMV, and esophageal cancer. We need more research with a larger sample size to understand how these viruses cause esophageal cancer.
Collaborative Online International Learning: A Promising Practice for Developing Intercultural and Global Competencies with Turkish and American Teacher Candidates
Authors: Kopish Michael , Zayimoğlu Öztürk Filiz
Published: August 2024

This exploratory study examines Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) efforts of two teacher educators at Turkish and American universities who co-designed teacher education courses intending to develop intercultural and global competencies among students. Drawing from theoretical perspectives of Global Citizenship Education (GCE) (UNESCO, 2015), global competencies (Asia Society, 2008), and intercultural competencies (Barrett, 2018), the instructors virtually linked the two institutions, co-designed course syllabi and assignments, and promoted virtual exchange with teacher candidates. All students collaborated on two course assignments: 1) Comparative Intercultural Exchange - creation and analysis of autobiographical videos communicating personal, social, and cultural identities; and 2) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Critical Inquiry - analysis and presentation of SDG targets at local, national, and global levels. Data analysis revealed five salient themes across American and Turkish students. The findings indicate that students considered the COIL project an affirming experience in developing intercultural and global competencies.
 
Abstract in Turkish
Bu keşifsel çalışma, öğrenciler arasında kültürlerarası ve küresel yeterliliklerin geliştirilmesini amaçlayan öğretmen eğitimi derslerini birlikte tasarlayan Türk ve Amerikan üniversitelerindeki iki öğretim üyesinin İşbirlikçi Çevrimiçi Uluslararası Öğrenme (COIL) çabalarını incelemektedir. Küresel Vatandaşlık Eğitimi (KVE) (UNESCO, 2015), küresel yeterlikler (Asya Topluluğu, 2008) ve kültürlerarası yeterlikler (Barrett, 2018) teorik perspektiflerinden yararlanan eğitmenler, iki kurumu sanal olarak birbirine bağladı, ders müfredatlarını ve ödevleri birlikte tasarladı ve öğretmen adaylarıyla sanal değişimi teşvik etti. Tüm öğrenciler bir dersle ilişkili iki ödev üzerinde işbirliği yaptı: 1) Karşılaştırmalı Kültürlerarası Değişim - kişisel, sosyal ve kültürel kimlikleri ileten otobiyografik videoların oluşturulması ve analizi; ve 2) Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Hedefleri (SKH) Eleştirel Sorgulama - yerel, ulusal ve küresel düzeylerde SKH hedeflerinin analizi ve sunumu. Veri analizi, Amerikalı ve Türk öğrenciler arasında beş belirgin temayı ortaya çıkardı. Bulgular, öğrencilerin COIL projesini kültürlerarası ve küresel yeterliklerin geliştirilmesinde olumlu bir deneyim olarak gördüklerini göstermektedir.
Virtual Exchange in Teacher Preparation: Identifying and Disrupting Dangerous Narratives about the Middle East and North Africa Region
Authors: McCafferty-Wright Jennice , Kemper Mya M.
Published: August 2024

This study investigated the impact of virtual exchange on disrupting dangerous narratives about the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region among pre-service elementary teachers in the Midwestern region of the United States. The virtual exchange program provided direct interaction with teacher candidates in Morocco. Analysis of pre- and post-exchange memos revealed a significant shift from negative narratives to positive, generalized perceptions of the MENA region. While the shift towards positive generalizations represents progress, it also emphasizes the need for nuanced understanding and ongoing engagement. After participating in the exchange, pre-service teachers also communicated a strong desire to teach about the world and its people. This study highlights the possibilities of virtual exchange as a tool for preparing future educators who have been influenced by post-9/11 educational and media narratives. It advocates for the integration of virtual exchange as a mainstream approach to foster teaching for global understanding among teacher candidates.
National Recommendations for Pharmacoeconomic Evaluations Reporting for Reimbursement and Procurement of New Pharmaceutical Applications in Egypt
Authors: Gamal Mary , Sedrak Amal Samir , Elsisi Gihan Hamdy , Elagamy Ahmed , Seyam Ahmed , Eldebeiky Mariam , Eldessoki Randa
Published: August 2024

Introduction

To improve resource allocation within our healthcare system, the Egyptian Authority for Unified Procurement, Medical Supply and the Management of Medical Technology (UPA) and Universal Health Insurance Authority (UHIA) established a joint economic evaluation process to support UHIA reimbursement decisions and UPA procurement decisions. The main objective of this study is to describe the developed national pharmacoeconomic guidelines in Egypt, especially for reimbursement and procurement for new pharmaceuticals.

Methods

A focus group was formed as a national initiative activity by governmental authorities in Egypt. The aim of this focus group was to develop national pharmacoeconomic guidelines for the evaluation of innovative and high-budget pharmaceutical products. This group consisted of various stakeholders with experience in health economics, outcomes research, public health, and pharmacy practice. To develop our national pharmacoeconomic guidelines, three steps were taken. First, the focus group reviewed the European Network for Health Technology Assessment (EUnetHTA) methods for health economic evaluations for new pharmaceuticals as well as the Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health (CADTH) guidelines and the Academy of Managed Care Pharmacy (AMCP) Format for Formulary Submissions. Second, the focus group used the EUnetHTA guideline as a reference and adapted it to our local context. The focus group added the value assessment component, using the CADTH and AMCP guidelines. Third, the focus group collected input and feedback from key stakeholders through a focus group by using the quasi-Delphi panel approach.

Results

The results of the focus group are a main structure of national pharmacoeconomic guidelines for the evaluation of innovative and high-budget pharmaceutical products, consisting of seven main topics.

Conclusion

Economic evaluation is a core element of Health Technology Assessment, (HTA); therefore, the UHIA and UPA were encouraged to produce unified joint pharmacoeconomic guidelines for innovative products as an initial step in their commitment to implement the use of HTA in decision-making. This standardization of guidelines not only ensures transparency but also guarantees an accurate and transparent process to support evidence-based decision-making. These guidelines are expected to help decision-makers improve their process and attain better health outcomes for Egyptian patients.
A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE INTERSECTION BETWEEN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ACCOUNTING
Authors: Chetan Kapasia  , Dr. S. S. Sodha
Published: August 2024

Purpose: This study explores the evolving research landscape at the intersection of Accounting and Artificial Intelligence. It aims to identify key trends, influential journals, and emerging topics in this field.
Methodology: The research employs bibliometric analysis. The approach consists of a methodical exploration utilizing keywords such as "Artificial Intelligence," and "Accounting" along with a three-part research process: creating a strategy, formulating research questions, and refining search results based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Findings: The examination uncovers important findings about integration of AI and accounting studies. Sweden is identified as a frontrunner in total references, while the United States leads in terms of publication frequency. Journals like the 'Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting' and the 'International Journal of Accounting Information Systems' significantly contribute to the field's body of knowledge. The word cloud analysis accentuates significant thematic elements, highlighting terms such as "Accounting," "Artificial Intelligence," and "Technology."
Practical implications: Trends and influential journals provide valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and educators to understand the practical implications of AI in accounting.
Originality/value: This research adds to the novelty of the discipline by presenting a thorough summary of AI and accounting studies
KEYWORDS: Artificial Intelligence, Accounting, Technology, Bibliometric Analysis, Audit
ASSESSMENT OF ANTIOXIDANT DEFENCE SYSTEM AS A SELECTION CRITERION AGAINST TO OXIDATIVE STRESS DURING THE EARLY GROWTH PERIOD OF COMMON WHEAT
Authors: Balkan A , Demirbas S
Published: August 2024

Plants are negatively impacted by high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The objective of the study was to find out the effect of exogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidative stress on the antioxidant defence system of common wheat seedlings and to screen the genotypes for tolerance or susceptibility to stress. In this study, three varieties (Flamura-85, Selimiye, and Esperia) and three advanced lines (TDE-45-1, TDE-84-5, and TDE-111-9) were used as experimental materials. The experiment was conducted in accordance with a randomized split-plot design with three replicates. In the experiment, wheat genotypes were allocated to the main plots, and different H2O2 applications (0-control, 50, 100 mM) were applied to the subplots. Wheat plants grown in pots were irrigated with different H2O2 solutions to induce oxidative stress at the two- to three-leaf stage. One week after application, the antioxidant enzyme levels, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) content, H2O2 content, plant growth and leaf water status of the seedlings were examined. The differences between the means of the wheat genotypes were statistically significant for all studied traits. The results indicated that the response of common wheat genotypes to oxidative stress differed. Flamura-85 and TDE-45-1 were identified as the genotypes with the best antioxidant defence system against H2O2. The resistance of wheat to oxidative stress may be improved by using these genotypes as novel genetic resources. In addition, biochemical analysis results indicated that superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), TBARS and H2O2 could be used as selection parameters in future wheat breeding studies to screen the resistance of wheat genotypes to oxidative stress during the early growth period.
Keywords: Oxygen radicals; Triticum aestivum; hydrogen peroxide; oxidative stress; shoot dry weight