bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of AlMgB14-Ni3Al Composites for Cutting Tool Materials
Authors: Zhou Yu Mei , Zhang Feng Lin , Li Peng Cheng , Bai Kun , Wu Shang Hua
Published: January 2016

AlMgB14 is a novel hard and brittle material which need be improved toughness for utilizing as cutting tool materials. In present study, intermetallic compound Ni3Al were attempted to dope the synthesised AlMgB14 materials. The microstructure of the AlMgB14-Ni3Al composites was analysized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and an X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The density, hardness and fracture toughness of AlMgB14-Ni3Al composites were also measured. The results showed that the major phases in AlMgB14-Ni3Al composites were AlMgB14, MgAl2O4 , Ni3Al and NiAl as well as W2B5. With the increasing of the amount of Ni3Al, more transgranular fractured features can be found in the fractured surface, the density of the AlMgB14-Ni3Al composites was increased, the hardness and fracture toughness of the AlMgB14-Ni3Al composites were decreased.
Experimental Study on Effects of Translational Movement on Surface Planarity in Magnetorheological Planarization Process
Authors: Yin Shao Hui , Wang Yong Qiang , Li Ye Peng , Gong Shen
Published: January 2016

To improve surface planarity, a translational movement is added into the magnetorheoloigcal planarization process. To explore effects of some process parameters, including trajectory type, stroke and reciprocate velocity, on surface planarity, a set of finishing experiments are carried out. The results show that planarity is well improved when the trough reciprocates perpendicularly to the air gap. Surface planarity decreases as stoke increases but is hardly affected by reciprocate velocity. Using the magnetorheoloigcal planarization process with addition of translational movement, an ultra-smooth surface with planarity of micron order in PV is achieved on a K9 optical glass.
Machining Technology of Ultrasonic Assisted Grinding for a Silicon Carbide Wafer Carrier
Authors: Ting Chia Jen , Chen Chi Feng , Chou Ta Hsin , Wu Tsung Cho , Lin Tsung Hsin
Published: January 2016

The machining technology of ultrasonic assisted ductile mode grinding for the silicon carbide (SiC) wafer carrier. The machining tool is designed and analyzed by ANASYS 14.0 and the machining technology is studied for the 6-inch SiC wafer carrier. The ultrasonic tool holder with the resonance frequency 26 kHz is designed and fabricated. The advantageous machining parameters are proposed that spindle rotation rate is 3000 rpm, feed speed is 200 mm/min, and ultrasonic output power is 250 W. The measurement results show that the average roughness (Ra) of the SiC is 0.18 μm, the MRR is over 2.4 mm3/min, the tool tips are only minor abrasion, and the cutting temperature are reduced. Obvious, the machining technology has the advantage of high surface quality, high machining efficiency and long tool life.
Study on the Specific Energy Characteristics of the Ultrasonic Vibration Assisted Sawing Ceramic
Authors: Wang Jiang Quan , Shen Jian Yun , Li Zheng Cai , Xu Xi Peng
Published: January 2016

Ultrasonic vibration improved the machining performance of a variety of brittle materials, and achieved good results in brittle materials machining applications. In this paper, the experiment about precision sawing engineering ceramic by using a thin diamond blade with and without ultrasonic vibration conditions was investigated. It is aimed to explore the effect of ultrasonic vibration on specific energy. The results show that ultrasonic vibration makes specific sawing energy having a significant reduction during material removal process. Under the ultrasonic vibration condition, the engineering ceramic’s materials removal way is changed. It changed from plastic removal to the removal of brittle fracture, which reduced the energy consumption of material removal.
Analysis and Optimization of Surface Roughness in Rotary Ultrasonic Burnishing of Titanium Alloy Ti-6Al-4V
Authors: Zhao Jian , Liu Zhan Qiang
Published: January 2016

The purpose of the paper is to investigate the influence of the processing parameters on the surface roughness in rotary ultrasonic burnishing of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V plane. A Taguchi orthogonal array for three levels and four factors, which include burnishing depth, feed fate, spindle speed and ultrasonic frequency, are designed. The optimal combination of ultrasonic burnishing process parameters is obtained. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is applied to determine the most significant processing parameter and to obtain the optimal combination level of processing parameters for the lowest surface roughness. The results show that burnishing depth has the most predominant effect on surface roughness, and spindle speed is the secondary one. Feed rate and ultrasonic frequency are then followed and have no distinct effect on surface roughness in rotary burnishing of Ti-6Al-4V.
Electrical Discharge Dressing (EDD) of Metal Bonded Diamond Arc Grinding Wheels
Authors: Zhang Fei Hu , Wang Kai , Liu Zhong De , Ma Zhao Kai , Luan Dian Rong
Published: January 2016

Metal bonded diamond grinding wheels are very important for precision grinding operations of hard and brittle materials especially like ceramics or cemented carbides. But the trueing and dressing problem has affected its wide use. In this paper, a new EDD (Electrical discharge dressing) device was developed for the dressing of metal bonded diamond arc grinding wheels. The EDD experiments were carried out with the new dressing device. The influence of dressing parameters on the dressing efficiency and precision was studied. Experimental results shown that the increase of pulse period and duty period helped improve the dressing efficiency in a certain range. The higher electrical parameters could get better dressing efficiency. The detection results revealed that the error of the arc profile after EDD could reach to around 3μm.
mazhaokai2014
Controlled Fabrication of Micro/Nano-Structures on Germanium Using Ultrashort Laser Pulses under Ambient Conditions
Authors: Sivakumar Manickam , Wang Jun
Published: January 2016

A technique for ordered fabrication of periodic freestanding micro/nanostructures on the crystalline germanium (Ge) <100> surfaces with 1064 nm wavelength ultrashort laser pulses under ambient conditions is presented. The laser radiation fluence used for obtaining the structures is close to the melting threshold (0.1 J/cm2) of Ge. The dimensions of structures range from hundreds of nanometres to a few microns. The orientation of the periodic surface structures depends on laser beam polarization direction. Arrays of structures are formed in rows parallel to the sample movement direction for samples machined with s-polarized laser pulses, but formed in the direction perpendicular to the movement for p-polarized pulses. The structures are fabricated under variable temperatures on sample surface owing to the changed interference between incident and reflected laser beams. A micro-Raman analysis of the processed surfaces shows a minor change in the spectral intensity as compared to the unprocessed surface and the material retains its crystallinity after laser irradiation.
Precise Machining Method by Combining EDM and Grinding with a Rotary PCD Segment Tool for Cemented Carbide
Authors: Koga Fumio , Ninomiya Shinichi , Suzuki Kiyoshi
Published: January 2016

In our previous research, precise groove machining could be achieved on a cemented carbide workpiece by utilizing a combined method of EDM and grinding using only a single tool, i.e. a rotary PCD disc tool acting as an electrode for EDM and as a wheel for grinding. In this study, the authors applied this method to forming a 3D shape on a cemented carbide workpiece. Firstly, an EC-PCD disc-shaped tool of φ33.4mm was mounted on a spindle of the EDM machine vertically to the workpiece. And the tool was rotated to make a spherical concave on the workpiece by EDM. The surface roughness of the workpiece was Rz=6.4μm and no electrode wear resulted at all. Secondly, the EDMed surface was ground with the same PCD tool. As a result, the improved surface roughness of Rz=1.7μm was obtained on the workpiece maintaining the precise tool profile and dimension.
Surface Integrity of AlSiC Composites Ground by Monolayer Brazed Diamond Wheels
Authors: Zhang Feng Lin , Liu Peng , Wang Peng , Zhou Yu Mei , Huang Hui Ping , Lu Jia Bin
Published: January 2016

Monolayer brazed diamond wheel were used to grind AlSiC composite with different volume fraction of SiC. The effects of diamond mesh size of the grinding wheels and the volume fraction of SiC in AlSiC composite on the surface integrity of ground AlSiC composite were investigated. It is found that the surface roughness of ground AlSiC composite with 20% SiC is increased with the reduction of diamond grit’s size because of the clogging of diamond wheel. With the increasing of the volume fraction of SiC, there are more fractured and cracked SiC particles on the ground surface of AlSiC composite. On the other hand, the finer diamond grits (70/80) induce the finer fractured SiC particles on the ground surface of AlSiC with 50% and 70% SiC.
Improving Tool Wear Resistance in Inconel 718 Cutting by Considering Surface Microstructures of CBN Cutting Tool
Authors: Sugihara Tatsuya , Takemura Shota , Enomoto Toshiyuki
Published: January 2016

Nickel-based superalloys such as Inconel 718 are known as one of the most difficult-to-cut materials due to their mechanical and chemical properties and the tool life is extremely short. Recently, Cubic-Boron-Nitride (CBN) has received a considerable attention as a material for cutting tools and has been considered to be a major candidate for high performance cutting of Inconel 718. However, the detailed wear behavior of CBN tools in cutting of Inconel 718 is not sufficiently understood yet, and the performances of CBN tools are still insufficient in practical use. To overcome this problem, we first conducted orthogonal cutting experiments on Inconel 718 at low (20 m/min) and high (100 m/min) cutting speeds employing CBN cutting tools to clarify the detailed wear mechanisms. Moreover, relationship between surface microstructures of the cutting tool and wear resistance was investigated. As a result, it was found that a rake face with micro grooves significantly suppressed the crater wear at low cutting speed, although polished surface rake face reduced the initial crater wear by approximately 40 % compared to the non-polished tool in high speed cutting of Inconel 718.
Measuring Method of Distribution of Abrasive Grain Cutting Edge by Means of AE Sensors
Authors: Yamada Takazo , Lee Hwa Soo , Miura Kohichi
Published: January 2016

In grinding process, the grinding wheel profiles are copied to workpiece surface. Therefore, the finished workpiece surface can be estimated by the grinding wheel surfaces. In this paper, new measuring method of the distribution of cutting edge in grinding wheel surface by two AE sensors is proposed. From experimental results, it is confirmed that the distribution of cutting edges in wheel surface can be measured easily by the proposed method compared to another measuring method.
Investigation of End-Milling Process Based on Monitoring Method with Wireless Telegraphic Multifunctional Tool Holder and Infrared Thermography
Authors: Shindou Masatoshi , Matsuda Ryo , Furuki Tatsuya , Hirogaki Toshiki , Aoyama Eiichi
Published: January 2016

Infrared thermographic technology has attracted the attention of various industrial fields. We therefore focus on it as a novel tool temperature monitoring method to improve the end-milling conditions of difficult-to-cut materials. However, it is difficult to measure tool temperature under coolant conditions because coolant prevents the monitoring of end-mill tool surfaces. Thus, we developed a novel temperature monitoring method by applying a pore electric discharge machining process to place a thermocouple sensor in the end-mill tool and by using a wireless telegraphic multifunctional tool holder to directly measure the internal temperature of the end-mill tool under rotation. We evaluated internal temperature distribution under various end-milling conditions on the basis of multipoint simultaneous measurements and discussed the influence of forced convection heat transfer on the internal temperature of the tool under various rotating conditions. In addition, we used a finite element method to analyze unsteady heat conduction on the basis of temperature measurement by high-speed video infrared thermography and compared the results with those of the wireless telegraphic multifunctional tool holder to demonstrate its validity and usefulness.
Investigation of Control Methods of Chatter Vibration Based on Analysis of End-Milling Chatter Mark
Authors: Shiota Ryosuke , Furuki Tatsuya , Hirogaki Toshiki , Aoyama Eiichi
Published: January 2016

Chatter vibration generated by coupling a work-piece, machine tools, and cutting tool is a serious problem for engineers. A regular pattern forms the machined surface when chatter vibration occurs. There must be a direct relationship between the relative displacement and machined surface. We propose a method for controlling chatter vibration of end-milling from a machined surface. Hammering tests were first carried out to determine the natural frequencies of machine tools and the tool system, which are likely to be the cause of vibration. We also propose a technique of applying reverse analysis to end-milling surfaces. The machined surface is assumed to include an essential index to easily control chatter vibration at the factory. We found that chatter vibration occurs near the frequency of the cutting tool, tool holder, and their coupling, not at the natural frequency, and the chatter vibration frequency can be calculated by analyzing the surface pattern and cutting conditions. Moreover, the proposed method was effective in analyzing chatter vibrations including more than two kinds of natural frequencies at the same time.
Optimization and Application of Laser-Dressed cBN Grinding Wheels
Authors: Zahedi Ali , Azarhoushang Bahman , Akbari Javad
Published: January 2016

Laser-dressing has been shown to be a promising method for overcoming some shortcomings of the conventional methods such as high wear of the dressing tool and its environmental concerns, high induced damage to the grinding wheel, low form flexibility and low speed. In this study, a resin bonded cBN grinding wheel has been dressed with a picosecond Yb:YAG laser. The efficiency of the laser-dressed grinding wheels has been compared with the conventionally dressed and sharpened grinding wheels through execution of cylindrical grinding tests on a steel workpiece (100Cr6). The conventional dressing and sharpening processes have been performed by using a vitrified SiC wheel and vitrified alumina blocks, respectively. By recording the spindle power values along with the surface topography measurements of the ground workpieces and the extraction of two roughness parameters (the average roughness Ra and the average roughness depth Rz), it is possible to provide an assessment of the cylindrical grinding process with different dressing conditions i.e. laser-dressing and conventional dressing. Accordingly, a strategy will be proposed to optimize the cylindrical grinding process with laser-dressed wheels regarding the forces and roughness values.
A history of biological control in Canadian forests, 1882–2014
Authors: MacQuarrie Chris J.K. , Lyons D.B. , Lukas Seehausen M. , Smith Sandy M.
Published: January 2016

Biological control has been an important tactic in the management of Canadian forests for over a century, but one that has had varied success. Here, we review the history of biological control programmes using vertebrate and invertebrate parasitoids and predators against insects in Canadian forests. Since roughly 1882, 41 insect species have been the target of biological control, with approximately equal numbers of both native and non-native species targeted. A total of 161 species of biological control agents have been released in Canadian forests, spanning most major orders of insects, as well as mites and mammals. Biological control has resulted in the successful suppression of nine pest species, and aided in the control of an additional six species. In this review, we outline the chronological history of major projects across Canadian forests, focussing on those that have had significant influence for the development of biological control. The historical data clearly illustrate a rise and fall in the use of biological control as a tactic for managing forest pests, from its dominance in the 1940s and 1950s to its current low level. The strategic implementation of these biological control programmes, their degree of success, and the challenges faced are discussed, along with the discipline’s shifting relationship to basic science and the environmental viewpoints surrounding its use.
Structural Illumination of Equine MHC Class I Molecules Highlights Unconventional Epitope Presentation Manner That Is Evolved in Equine Leukocyte Antigen Alleles
Authors: Yao Shugang , Liu Jun , Qi Jianxun , Chen Rong , Zhang Nianzhi , Liu Yanjie , Wang Junya , Wu Yanan , Gao George Fu , Xia Chun
Published: January 2016

MHC class I (MHC I)–restricted virus-specific CTLs are implicated as critical components in the control of this naturally occurring lentivirus and in the protective immune response to the successfully applied attenuated equine infectious anemia virus vaccine in the horse. Nevertheless, the structural basis for how the equine MHC I presents epitope peptides remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the binding of several equine infectious anemia virus–derived epitope peptides by the ability to refold recombinant molecules and by thermal stability, and then by determining the x-ray structure of five peptide–MHC I complexes: equine MHC class I allele (Eqca)-N*00602/Env-RW12, Eqca-N*00602/Gag-GW12, Eqca-N*00602/Rev-QW11, Eqca-N*00602/Gag-CF9, and Eqca-N*00601/Gag-GW12. Although Eqca-N*00601 and Eqca-N*00602 differ by a single amino acid, Eqca-N*00601 exhibited a drastically different peptide presentation when binding a similar CTL epitope, Gag-GW12; the result makes the previously reported function clear to be non–cross-recognition between these two alleles. The structures plus Eqca-N*00602 complexed with a 9-mer peptide are particularly noteworthy in that we illuminated differences in apparent flexibility in the center of the epitope peptides for the complexes with Gag-GW12 as compared with Env-RW12, and a strict selection of epitope peptides with normal length. The featured preferences and unconventional presentations of long peptides by equine MHC I molecules provide structural bases to explain the exceptional anti-lentivirus immunity in the horse. We think that the beneficial reference points could serve as an initial platform for other human or animal lentiviruses.
Endoscopist-directed balanced propofol sedation is safe and effective in patients undergoing outpatient colonoscopy
Authors: Nathan Joseph H. , Klein Amir , Gralnek Ian M. , Khamaysi Iyad
Published: January 2016

Background and Aims: Propofol administered in combination with other moderate sedation medications (balanced propofol sedation [BPS]) is an appealing and effective sedation regimen for gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy procedures. However, product labeling dictates propofol be administered only by anesthesiology personnel. We evaluated the safety of endoscopist-directed as well as anesthesiologist-administered BPS during outpatient colonoscopy. Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study using prospectively collected endoscopy data where endoscopist-directed BPS is standard practice. Measured patient outcomes included: BPS drug dosages, postcolonoscopy oxygen saturation levels, pulse, and systolic/diastolic blood pressures, need for mask bag ventilation or endotracheal intubation, aborted colonoscopy due to sedation, hospital admission postcolonoscopy, and mortality. Results: From April 1 to November 30, 2013, 1036 patients undergoing outpatient colonoscopy (mean age 56.4 years, 55% males, 32% American Society of Anesthesiologists [ASA] I, 59% ASA II, 9% ASA III) received endoscopist-directed BPS. During the same time period, 40 patients (mean age 66.6 years, 55% males, 33% ASA II, 67% ASA III) received anesthesiologist-administered BPS. Indications for colonoscopy for the endoscopist-directed BPS included 352 (34%) colorectal cancer screening/surveillance, 404 (39%) evaluation of lower GI symptoms, 156 (15%) positive fecal occult blood, and 124 (12%) inflammatory bowel disease. BPS dosages (mean ± standard deviation) per patient were Fentanyl 0.05 mg (fixed dose), midazolam 1.6 mg ± 0.5 mg (range: 1-5 mg), and propofol 104 mg ± 62 mg (range: 10-460 mg). Propofol doses correlated inversely with patient age (r = −0.35; P < 0.001), and the mean Propofol dose was lower as ASA score increased: ASA I - 115 mg, ASA II - 103 mg, and ASA III - 75 mg (P < 0.01). No patient required bag mask ventilation, endotracheal intubation, or hospital admission. There were no aborted colonoscopies secondary to sedation and no mortality. All patients were discharged directly to home. Conclusions: Endoscopist-directed BPS appears safe and effective for low-, intermediate- and high-risk patients undergoing outpatient colonoscopy.
Missed diagnosis of an unusual case of impacted esophageal foreign body
Authors: Chowdhury Abu Taiub Mohammed Mohiuddin , Wei Jiang , Mensah Sedzro Divine , Alam Shahid
Published: January 2016

Accidental foreign body or food particle impaction in the esophagus causing partial or complete obstruction of the esophageal lumen is not uncommon. Most of this presents with remarkable history and acute or related symptoms that lead to diagnosis. Here, we present an unusual clinically misleading case of impacted food object in the esophageal lumen causing partial obstruction that mimic the diagnosis of esophageal and other associated pathologies.
Об асимптотическом поведении волновой функции трех частиц в континууме
Authors: Yakovlev Sergei Leonidovich
Published: January 2016

Исследуется волновая функция системы трех частиц в континууме. Сингулярности волновой функции в импульсном пространстве явно выделены с помощью уравнений Фаддеева. Асимптотическое поведение волновой функции в конфигурационном пространстве получено с помощью вычисления асимптотики преобразования Фурье волновой функции в импульсном пространстве. Основное внимание уделено конфигурациям, в которых две частицы находятся на относительно небольшом расстоянии друг от друга, в то время как третья частица значительно удалена от центра масс пары. Для таких конфигураций показано, что координатная асимптотика волновой функции помимо стандартных слагаемых содержит рассеянные волны нового типа. На основе полученных точных данных о координатной асимптотике волновой функции критически проанализирован мультипликативный анзац, используемый в ряде работ для описания системы трех частиц в континууме.
Pisateljica, prevajalka in prevajalka: novela Amy Mire Mihelič v prevodu Elze Jereb
Authors: Marinčič Katarina
Published: January 2016

Članek obravnava prevod novele Amy pisateljice Mire Mihelič, ki ga je za francosko antologijo Nouvelles Slovènes (1969) pripravila Elza Jereb. Besedilo, v katerem se klasične pripovedne tehnike prepletajo z zametki modernističnih prijemov, ima tudi nekaj skladenjskih posebnosti, med katerimi najbolj izstopa za slovenščino nenavadno pogosta raba deležnika in deležniških struktur. Prevod odlikujeta zvestoba in natančnost, pa tudi izrazit posluh za ritem. Skladenjska in nekatera druga drobna odstopanja nikjer ne spreminjajo pomena izvirnika, temveč, nasprotno, ta pomen ohranjajo in utrjujejo. Preprost poseg, kot je denimo poenotenje kurzivnega zapisovanja določenih izrazov, brez nasilnega poenostavljanja pripomore k jasnosti besedila. Prevajalska rešitev, ki (kvazi) fonetični zapis govorjene nemščine pretvarja v knjižno različico, pa nas navaja k razmisleku o alternativnih možnostih, ki bi morda v polnejši meri ohranile družbenozgodovinske konotacije in komični naboj izvirnika.
»Med prakso sem spoznal, da sem študij dobro izbral« - evalvacija pedagoške prakse prve generacije študentov bolonjskega študija francoščine
Authors: Lah Meta
Published: January 2016

V prispevku avtorica analizira pedagoško prakso študentov prve generacije pedagoškega študija francoščine na Filozofski fakulteti Univerze v Ljubljani. Uporabljena instrumenta sta dva dela pedagoške mape - vprašalnik za študente in končna refleksija. V študijskem letu 2014/15 je pedagoško prakso opravilo vseh 12 študentov pedagoške smeri. Iz analize vprašalnikov in refleksij je razbrati, da so bili z opravljeno prakso večinoma zadovoljni, pokazale pa so se tudi pomanjkljivosti, ki jih bomo v bodoče skušali popraviti. Avtorica opozarja tudi na nekatere pomanjkljivosti na sistemski ravni.
Poročilo z XX. Svetovnega kongresa FIT (2014)
Authors: Osolnik Kunc Viktorija
Published: January 2016

Pod geslom Človek proti stroju (Man vs. Machine) je med 4. in 6. avgustom 2014 v Berlinu potekal 20. Svetovni kongres Mednarodne zveze prevajalcev FIT (Fédération Internationale des Traducteurs)1. FIT vsaka tri leta v različnih državah po svetu organizira kongrese, ki so namenjeni žgočim temam v prevodoslovju, novim tehnologijam, izmenjavi mnenj strokovnjakov in seveda medsebojnemu druženju.
Uvodnik
Authors: Lah Meta
Published: January 2016

Vestnik za tuje jezike tudi v tokratni številki prinaša bogat in raznolik nabor prispevkov. Razdelek Književnost začenja Tone Smolej, ki v svojem članku obravnava Molièrovo delo Skopuh in njegovo pojavitev v dramskem opusu Andreja Rozmana Roze. Krisztina Sárdi piše o avtorjih t. i. izgubljene generacije v Parizu, Katarina Marinčič o noveli Mire Mihelič in prevodu Elze Jereb,  Boštjan Turk pa o Francetu Prešernu in njegovih jezikih. Razdelek sklene esejistični članek Človek med gesto in tikom Mihe Pintariča.
L’homme entre le geste et le tic
Authors: Pintarič Miha
Published: January 2016

L’article essaie d’établir certains rapports entre les deux pairs antinomiques, parole-silence et gestetic qui, chacun par son côté (verbal ou non), définissent la communication entre les hommes, celle qui finalement trahit le rapport de l’homme face à lui-même.
Aplicação dos modelos lineares generalizados para estimativa do crescimento em altura
Authors: Hess Andre Felipe , Cianorschi Lucas , Silvestre Raul , Scariot Rafael , Ricken Pollyni
Published: January 2016

A análise do crescimento em altura é de extrema importância na área florestal, pois expressa a capacidade produtiva do local. Seu uso está associado ao ajuste, com menor erro, dos modelos para gerar estimativas que permitam a inferência com precisão e confiabilidade. O presente trabalho analisou o emprego dos modelos lineares generalizados na predição do crescimento em altura de Pinus taeda L. em função da idade e diâmetro a 1,30 m de altura em povoamentos no planalto catarinense. Os dados utilizados foram obtidos de análise de tronco completa de 25 árvores com oito anos, distribuídas em classes de diâmetro provenientes de Lages, SC. Os dados foram trabalhados na sua forma original sem a transformação das variáveis. O modelo com distribuição Gama e função de ligação identidade foi o que apresentou melhor ajuste, com desempenho superior nos critérios desvio (1,21), Akaike (255,39) e homogeneização dos resíduos, mostrando potencial para gerar estimativas da variável.
Propriedades da madeira de Eucalyptus benthamii para produção de energia
Authors: Silva Dimas Agostinho , Muller Bruna Veridiana , Kuiaski Eliane Cristina , Eloy Elder , Behling Alexandre , Colaço Cecilia Moura
Published: January 2016

Este estudo objetivou avaliar o potencial energético da madeira de Eucalyptus benthamii Maiden et Cambage. As amostras foram coletadas no município de Cerro Negro, SC, onde foram selecionadas 5 árvores, sendo retiradas amostras do fuste a 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% e 100% da altura comercial. As análises realizadas foram densidade básica, poder calorífico superior, composição química elementar, análise química imediata (teores de materiais voláteis, carbono fixo e cinzas), poder calorífico inferior, densidade energética, estoque de carbono e produção energética. As variáveis físicas e químicas estudadas e o potencial energético da madeira não apresentaram diferenças ao longo do fuste.
Volumetria de Genipa americana em plantio homogêneo no Sudoeste da Bahia
Authors: Rocha Mislene Barbosa , Barreto-Garcia Patrícia Anjos Bittencourt , Prado Wilmerson Bernardino , Paula Alessandro De , Júnior Valdemiro Conceição
Published: January 2016

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar estimativas volumétricas para a espécie Genipa americana L., conhecida vulgarmente como jenipapeiro, em plantio puro no município Vitória da Conquista, BA. Foram cubadas rigorosamente 100 árvores em pé para determinação do volume individual. De posse dos dados da cubagem foram ajustados dez modelos volumétricos. Os melhores modelos foram selecionados com base no critério de seleção do valor ponderado dos escores dos parâmetros estatísticos e distribuição de resíduos. As estimativas de volume foram realizadas por fator de forma e por equações ajustadas e os resultados foram comparados ao volume obtido com a cubagem, para validação das estimativas. Dentre os métodos utilizados para predição do volume, o mais recomendado é o emprego de equações volumétricas ajustadas. O modelo que apresentou melhor desempenho para estimar o volume total foi o de Spurr (Log). 
Seleção de espécies autóctones da Caatinga para a recuperação de áreas invadidas por algaroba
Authors: Fabricante Juliano Ricardo , Araújo Kelianne Carolina Targino de , Castro Raphaela Aguiar de , Souza Bruna Sá Rodrigues de , Barros Bianca Karolyne Reis de , Siqueira-Filho José Alves De
Published: January 2016

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a sociabilidade de espécies autóctones da Caatinga com a exótica invasora Prosopis sp. (algaroba) para o emprego em projetos de recuperação de áreas invadidas. Foram instaladas 20 parcelas de
 100 m², onde todas as espécies lenhosas com altura ≥ 15 cm tiveram contabilizados o número de indivíduos. Para avaliar a associação das espécies nativas com a algaroba foi utilizado o coeficiente de Jaccard. Para inferir sobre a correlação de Prosopis sp. com os demais táxons, foi empregado o coeficiente de Pearson e para a categorização do desempenho das espécies nativas foi feita a média aritmética da somatória do índice de associação e do coeficiente de Pearson. Foram amostradas 28 espécies associadas a Prosopis sp., das quais 14 apresentaram pelo menos cinco indivíduos e estavam em mais de duas unidades amostrais. A espécie com melhor desempenho foi Lantana camara (0,62 – muito bom), seguida por Herissantia crispa (0,41 - bom), Cynophalla hastata (0,32 - médio), Ipomoea carnea e Celtis iguanaea (0,27 - médio) e Mimosa pseudosepiaria (0,2 - médio). Em vistas dos resultados obtidos e dos atributos ecológicos das espécies, conclui-se que as espécies listadas nesse estudo são as mais indicadas para o plantio consorciado em áreas invadidas por Prosopis sp.
Colorimetria como ferramenta de agrupamento de madeira de clones de eucalipto
Authors: Martins Márcio Da Fonseca , Beltrame Rafael , Delucis Rafael De Avila , Gatto Darci Alberto , De Cademartori Pedro Henrique Gonzalez , Dos Santos Gleison Augusto
Published: January 2016

A homogeneidade da cor da madeira em um lote a ser comercializado é de fundamental importância, pois refletirá na qualidade dos produtos resultantes de seu beneficiamento. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho objetivou avaliar, por meio da técnica de colorimetria, os parâmetros colorimétricos da madeira de 25 clones de Eucalyptus spp., bem como classificá-los em grupos, em razão do grau de similaridade de sua cor. Foram determinados os parâmetros: luminosidade (L*), coordenada cromática verde-vermelho (a*), coordenada cromática azul-amarelo (b*), cromaticidade (C*) e ângulo de tinta (h). A caracterização colorimétrica foi realizada nas faces radial e tangencial, bem como de três posições na direção radial, mediante emprego de um colorímetro. Em comparação com o plano tangencial, os resultados apontaram que no plano radial foram verificados os maiores valores de L*, bem como de h na madeira selecionada próxima a casca. Além disso, observaram-se valores de L* mais elevados nas amostras oriundas de posições radiais intermediárias. Por fim, verificou-se que à medida que o desenvolvimento radial ocorria, a madeira apresentava tons menos intensos da cor amarela. A definição dos tons de cores da madeira auxiliará o mercado madeireiro na homogeneização de seus produtos, o que facilitará sua comercialização.
The Potential Use of the Fetal Observable Movement System in Clinical Practice
Authors: Hata Toshiyuki , Uematsu Rina , Reissland Nadja , Austen Joe M
Published: January 2016

This paper summarizes the potential use of a fine-grained fetal facial scoring system. The use of this coding system is discussed in relation to maternal health as well as effects on fetal development, including smoking in pregnancy and maternal stress. It is argued that the proposed fine-grained movement analysis might lend itself to support an increase health behaviors. Furthermore, we suggest that the fine-grained movement coding, although labor intensive, might detect subtle but important differences in fetal development, which are missed by more general observations. Finally, advantages and disadvantages of this system are discussed.

How to cite this article

Reissland N, Austen JM, Hanaoka U, AboEllail MAM, Uematsu R, Hata T. The Potential Use of the Fetal Observable Movement System in Clinical Practice. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2015;9(4):426-433.
Una nueva categoría docente en la universidad española del franquismo: la aparición en escena del profesor agregado
Authors: González Gómez Sara
Published: January 2016

La Ley sobre estructura de las facultades universitarias y su profesorado aprobada el 17 de julio de 1965 colocó la figura del profesor agregado sobre el escenario universitario. Durante los años sesenta, el proceso de gestación, aprobación y posterior integración de esta nueva figura en la pirámide académica no escapó a la controversia, dando lugar a un fenómeno complejo al que, sin embargo, no se han dedicado estudios exhaustivos que revelen cómo, cuándo, por qué y bajo qué condiciones apareció este docente en la universidad española del franquismo. El presente trabajo pretende aportar al lector una visión general sobre el proceso de concreción de la figura del agregado, el marco normativo que definitivamente estableció esta nueva categoría docente así como las disposiciones que se encargaron de regular los procesos de concurso-oposición. Asimismo, se analizarán las primeras dotaciones de agregados aprobadas y la distribución de las mismas por universidades, facultades y estudios. Para terminar, se realiza un primer acercamiento a las posibles motivaciones que condujeron a la creación de esta nueva figura docente en una universidad aquejada de graves problemas que esperaban a una solución que venía demorándose sine die.
Abissalidades a contrapelo: o palhaço do circo sem futuro
Authors: Brandão Ludmila De Lima , Sanchez Daniel Pellegrim
Published: January 2016

Articulando-se à ideia de Boaventura de Sousa Santos de que o pensamento moderno ocidental é abissal, exploramos o funcionamento dessas “abissalidades”, as quais hierarquizam e invisibilizam saberes e práticas, e que operam a transmutação da antiga dominação colonial (ou colonialismo) em colonialidade, no sistema das artes visuais. Identificamos, então, assim como na “colonialidade do saber”, estes mesmos dispositivos: as divisões na realidade da produção artística sob uma perspectiva abissal.Palavras-chave: artes visuais, pensamento abissal, colonialidade
Nuno Ramos e a obra visual: da sintaxe barroca à alegoria dadaísta nos Quadros sem títulos
Authors: Arcuri Christiane Pereira
Published: January 2016

Discorremos sobre a obra visual de Nuno Ramos (1960): da sintaxe barroca à alegoria dadaísta nos Quadros sem títulos (entre 1987 e 2008). Averiguamos – no que concerne ao aspecto plástico-conceitual –, como as características estéticas, por vezes similares às do período do Barroco (séculos XVII-XVIII), assim como as particularidades provenientes da linguagem estilística recorrente à técnica do processo Merz dadaísta (século XX), ressoam nos Quadros sem títulos. Relacionamos a (re)apresentação estética do objeto visual na constituição do antiobjeto pautado à efemeridade e ao desperdício cotidiano da contemporaneidade.Palavras-chave: Artes Visuais, antiobjeto, contemporaneidade
Entre olhares: tempo e intercâmbios culturais nas imagens da Ilha do Maranhão
Authors: Silva Filho José Oliveira da
Published: January 2016

O artigo trata das sobrevivências de imagens presentes em representações iconográficas da cidade de São Luís do Maranhão, em diferentes suportes, tomando por base a noção de “origem” desenvolvida por Walter Benjamin no intuito de discutir a ideia de uma visualidade sobre a cidade que vem sendo reinventada em diferentes épocas evidenciando trocas heterogêneas de olhares e temporalidades, de modo a revelar um processo de restauração de imagens primitivas sempre atualizadas.Palavras-chave: História, imagem, cidade
Romania by Taxi. A Play.
Authors: Radulescu Domnica
Published: January 2016

A Romanian writer and professor now a US citizen returns with her son to her native country on a fellowhsip after many years, in the mid 2000s. This article was submitted to the European Journal of Life Writing on 6 January 2015 and published on 15 December 2015.
Effect of ADMA levels on severity of erectile dysfunction in chronic kidney disease and other risk factors
Authors: Gökçen Kaan , Kılıçarslan Hakan , Coşkun Burhan , Ersoy Alparslan , Kaygısız Onur , Kordan Yakup
Published: January 2016

Introduction: Hormonal, neurogenic, vasculogenic, and psychogenic impairments, as well as endothelial dysfunction may play a role in erectile dysfunction (ED) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA) is an inhibitor of nitric oxide, which is the key element of ED. ADMA levels are increased in CKD. We aimed to evaluate the effect of serum ADMA, prolactin, testosterone, and hemoglobin levels on erectile function of patients with CKD and control subjects.Methods: A total of 42 men with CKD and 25 age-matched controls were enrolled. The patients with CKD were categorized into group 1 and group 2 based on whether they had ED according to their response to International Index of Erectile Function questionnaire (IIEF-EFD). Group 3 was a control group. Serum ADMA, total testosterone prolactin, and hemoglobin levels of the patients were evaluated.Results: Serum ADMA, testosterone, and hemoglobin levels were similar between group 1 and 2, serum prolactin level was significantly high in group 1 than in group 2 or 3 (control group). There was no correlation between ADMA levels and IIEF-EFD scores of patients with CKD.Conclusions: The results of this study suggest serum ADMA level is not related with ED in patients with CKD. Also, low testosterone and hemoglobin levels were not significant factors. High levels of serum prolactin are related with ED in patients with CKD.
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis presenting as a pseudotumour
Authors: Chlif Mohamed , Chakroun Marouene , Ben Rhouma Sami , Ben Chehida Mohamed Ali , Sellami Ahmed , Gargouri Mohamed Mourad , Nouira Yassine
Published: January 2016

Introduction: Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGPN) is an atypical form of chronic pyelonephritis referred to as the ‘‘great imitator’’ because the clinical and radiological findings closely resemble other pathological entities, especially for the focal forms. Distinguishing focal XGPN from renal cancer is preoperatively difficult.Methods: We report a total number of 12 pseudotumoural XGPN cases diagnosed and treated in our department. The aim of this study is to try to better understand the clinicopathological profile of XGPN and improve its management.Results: The mean age of patients was 51.52 years. Gender ratio was 0.71. An obstructive renal calculus was noticed in nine patients (75%). Only one patient (8.3 %) presented with loin pain associated with fever, weight loss, asthenia, and increased biological inflammation markers. A bifocal mass was noticed in one case (8.3 %). The average size of the tumour was 6.58 cm. The mass was cystic in three cases (25 %). Perinephral fat strand, thickening of Gerota’s fascia, hydronephrosis, and presence of renal calculi was noticed in all solid tumour cases. XGPN was suspected in only one case (8.3%), a percutaneous biopsy showed XGPN lesions treated by antibiotics and a double J drainage. Radical nephrectomy was performed in eight patients (66.7 %) and three patients underwent partial nephrectomy (25 %). No recurrence of XGPN has been noted.Conclusion: Pseudotumoural XGPN is a rare benign disease of the kidney. Its treatment should be conservative. Lack of knowledge of this disease may explain the high rate of abusive nephrectomies. These data should be considered in the future.
Changing of the guard? A glance at the surgical representation in the Canadian renal transplantation community
Authors: McGregor Tom , Bjazevic Jennifer , Patel Premal , Koulack Joshua
Published: January 2016

Introduction: Renal transplant is the gold standard treatment for end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and the prevalence of both ESRD and renal transplant has been steadily increasing over the past decade. However, involvement of urology in renal transplant has been declining. We examine the current state of urology involvement in renal transplant programs across Canada.Methods: A telephone survey of all surgical transplant centres in Canada was performed. Information regarding the number of transplant surgeons, their individual training background, and their involvement in specific procedures, including open and laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy, deceased donor nephrectomy, and recipient renal transplant were collected.Results: There are 59 Canadian transplant surgeons, including 27 (46%) who completed a urology residency and 32 (54%) with a general surgery background. With regards to procedures performed, 58 (98%) perform recipient renal transplant surgery, 36 (61%) perform laparoscopic donor nephrectomy, and 17 (29%) perform open donor nephrectomy. There was no significant difference in the number of surgeons that perform renal recipient surgery, laparoscopic or open donor nephrectomies, and deceased donor nephrectomies between surgeons of the two different training backgrounds.Conclusions: The role of urology in Canadian renal transplant has declined significantly over the past decade. Given the medical and surgical complexity of renal transplant, along with the growing need for renal transplants, a multidisciplinary team approach is imperative. Strong urology involvement with the transplant team is crucial for optimal care of these complex patients.
Leak point pressure at different bladder volumes in stress urinary incontinence in women: Comparison between Valsalva and coughinduced leak point pressure
Authors: Seo Young Ho , Kim Sun-Ouck , Yu Ho Song , Kwon Dongdeuk
Published: January 2016

Introduction: We compared Valsalva leak point pressure (VLPP) in urodynamically proven stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women at different bladder volumes; examined the relationship between VLPP and cough-induced leak point pressure (CLPP) compared by incontinence severity; and evaluated the influence of bladder volume on each leak point pressure (LPP).Methods: Women with urodynamically proven SUI who underwent serial VLPP and CLPP measurement at bladder volumes of 150, 200, 250, and 300 mL were included in this study (n=228). LPP determination was repeated two times in each subject after finishing one series of LPP measurement. LPP at different bladder volumes was compared by subjective symptom severity of Stamey grade.Results: Patients mean age was 51.3±7.6 years (range: 40‒65 years). Stamey grade I, II, and III was assigned to 68 (29.8%), 102 (44.7%), and 58 (25.4%) patients, respectively. Mean CLPP was higher than VLPP (p=0.002) at every bladder volume. VLPP and CLPP were significantly decreased by the increase of bladder volume (p=0.001). The mean first positive LPPs were significantly lower at higher Stamey grade (p=0.004).Conclusions: LPP is more frequently induced by cough than by the Valsalva maneuver. VLPP and CLPP decreased significantly with bladder filling and those with severe symptoms of SUI are more likely to have low LPP.
Planning Dysfunction in Non-Psychotic Unipolar Depressed Patients: Assessement by a Computerized Version of the Tower of London Task
Authors: Moniz Marco , De Jesus Saul Neves , Viseu João , Gonçalves Eduardo , Pacheco Andreia , Baptista Ana Sofia
Published: January 2016

Introduction: Alterations in executive functioning are frequent in depressed patients, being common the appearance of planning difficulties.

Method: This study aimed to compare the performance of a sample of 40 non-psychotic unipolar depressed patients (26 women and 14 men, with a mean age of 44.15 years old [SD = 13.82]) with 40 healthy controls (24 women and 16 men, with a mean age of 42.05 years old [SD = 15.19]) using a computerized version of the Tower of London (TOL) task.

Results: Significant differences regarding extra moves and execution time between groups were found, with healthy controls outperforming depressed patients, who took significantly longer to complete the task. The variable age influenced clearly the results, showing a shared variance of 55% for both groups.

Conclusions: The results allowed us to identify differences in performance between both groups, therefore this version of the TOL revealed itself as a reliable alternative to assess planning, accessible to all clinicians.
The Effectiveness of an Engaging Program to Reduce Saudi Female University EFL Students’ Foreign Language Anxiety and to Enhance Their Motivation to Learn English at Taif University
Authors: Ismail Nasrah M.
Published: January 2016

Teaching a language is a complex but interesting process. It involves teacher, learner, curriculum, and learning environment. Also this process is affected by certain social, cultural and psychological factors. This study is aimed at investigating the effectiveness of a proposed program for developing EFL learners’ engagement in learning English. The sample of this study consisted of 103 females (M = 19.260, SD = 0.876 years), it was divided into two groups; the experimental group consisted of 53 girls and the control group consisted of 50 girls. Students’ engagement was measured by the Handelsaman, Briggs, Sullivan, and Towler (2005) questionnaire, while their foreign language anxiety was measured by the Horwitz, Horwitz and Cope (1986) questionnaire. Students’ motivation was measured by Gardner’s (1985) Attitude and Motivation Test Battery (AMTB). The research applied continued for three months which included the proposed program. The data proved that there were statistically significant differences between the experimental group and the control group on the post-test of the engagement questionnaire, the foreign language anxiety scale as well as the students’ motivation dimensions, showing a significant increase in students’ engagement and motivation in favor of the experimental group. The findings also indicated that there were statistically significant differences between the pre-test and post-test results for the experimental group on the students’ engagement and motivation. This shows that the experimental group had an increase in skills after having participated in the program as seen on the post-test. In light of these results, the study provides a number of procedural recommendations that may contribute to raising the degree of the importance of students’ engagement and motivation training for the students with foreign language anxiety. The paper concludes that more training should be given in using all engagement activities by embedding them in regular classroom activities. Suggestions are offered for future research.