bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Acute toxicity and genotoxicity of the S-metolachlor-based herbicide Dual Gold® on Leptodactylus luctator (Hudson, 1892) tadpoles (Anura: Leptodactylidae).
Authors: Pereira Gisela , Riero Mariabelén , Lajmanovich Rafael , Maneyro Raúl
Published: September 2023

Herbicides used in agriculture and their metabolites are frequently detected in surface water bodies, where they can persist and cause adverse effects on aquatic organisms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute toxicity and genotoxic effects of the S-metolachlor (SM)-based herbicide Dual Gold® (DG®), on Leptodactylus luctator tadpoles (Anura: Leptodactylidae). To assess the toxicity of the herbicide, including the median lethal concentration (LC50) at 24h, the no-observed-effect concentration (NOEC), and the lowest-observed-effect concentration (LOEC), tadpoles were exposed to five nominal concentrations of DG® (5.0, 6.2, 7.8, 9.8, and 12.2 mg/L), and to dechlorinated water as a negative control (NC). The LC5024h of DG® was 7.0 mg/L, the NOEC was 5.0 mg/L and the LOEC=6.2 mg/L. L. luctator tadpoles were sensitive to the herbicide, reaching 100% mortality after 24 h of exposure to the highest concentration tested (12.2 mg/L). To evaluate the potential genotoxicity of the herbicide, the frequencies of micronuclei (MN) and other erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities (ENA) were determined in larvae exposed to three nominal concentrations of DG® (1.0, 5.0, and 6.2 mg/L) for 48 and 96 h. The frequencies of MN and ENA were compared with a positive control (40 mg/L of Cyclophosphamide) and a negative control. The frequencies of MN and ENA in the erythrocytes of tadpoles exposed to the test concentrations of DG® and Cyclophosphamide were significantly higher than in the negative control group at both 48 and 96 h (with the only exception of MN at 1.0 mg/L at 48 h). Our results confirm the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of this widely used herbicide in agriculture, a fact that represents a potential risk to amphibians that develop in ponds associated with or immersed in agroecosystems.
Relevant factors for the management of small agrotourism businesses
Authors:   University of Chimborazo, Herrera Chávez Renato Hernán , Duque Vera Dalia Cristina ,   University of Chimborazo, Ribadeneira Vacacela Andrea Sofía ,   University of Chimborazo
Published: September 2023

The purpose of the article is to describe the relevant factors of agritourism management for small businesses, based on the benefits that this type of rural tourism has shown, especially in times of pandemic, as an excellent sustainable tourism option. For which the research was carried out through the deductive method, where various aspects were explored by analyzing several case studies of companies involved, supported by information from other scientific articles and literature for a broader understanding. Allowing us to establish the relevant factors for efficient and effective management of agritourism in small businesses, whose main pillars are value management, operations, sustainability and development. Constituting an innovative proposal that facilitates the agrotourism management of small businesses, since, based on global experiences, it systematically provides key elements that must be considered, if you want to benefit economically, reducing social impacts and minimizing environmental impact, pillars fundamentals of sustainability.
EMBEDDED IOT PLATFORM FOR REMOTE TRAFFIC CONTROL IN SMART CITY IOT INFRASTRUCTURE
Authors:   The National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”, Nikolskiy Serhiy , Klymenko Iryna ,   The National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute”
Published: September 2023

A justified hybrid multilevel approach to IoT infrastructure implementation is set to facilitate the achievement of a scalable IoT (Internet of Things) infrastructure, incorporating integration into cloud technologies and services. The localization of hardware-software traffic management means at the lower level of the IoT infrastructure, close to data collection devices, ensures the generation of control influences in real-time, and relieves communication channels at the higher levels of the IoT infrastructure architecture. A technology for generating control influences for remote traffic management is proposed, which is based on the developed AT command system for deploying a web server and generating web pages using the capabilities of the embedded IoT platform on modern microcontrollers. The proposed technology allows for the formation of control influences in real-time, in an easily comprehensible textual format, using a web interface in the local domain of the IoT infrastructure. It also enables the visualization of information on remote displays and information boards, as well as on displays integrated into automotive equipment. The proposed technology can be used to inform road traffic participants about critical situations and can be embedded in smart traffic lights within remote traffic management systems or used to implement virtual traffic lights.
The influence of brightness, age and refractive errors on pupil size
Authors: Yılmaz Tolga , Özçelik Ferah
Published: September 2023

Objectives: In this study, we aimed to investigate the influence of age, gender and refractive status on pupil size under different illuminance conditions in presbyopic healthy people. Methods: A total of 75 volunteers (49 females and 26 males) were included in the study. The medical records of each participant was reviewed. Patients were divided into three groups according to their age and refractive errors. Pupil responses were evaluated with the automated pupillometry function of the Sirius Topographer. Relationship between pupil size and age, sex, laterality, dominant eye, refrative errors were analyzed by statistical analyses. Results: In the early aged presbyopia group of patients the mean value of the hyperopic group was higher than the other two groups in photopic measurements. In scotopic condition, the mean value of the myopic group was found to be higher than the emmetropic and hyperopic groups. No difference was observed in the comparison of mesopic measurements in all three groups. In the patients with established presbyopia, myopic pupil diameter was higher compared to emmetropic and hyperopic pupils in all illuminances. There was a difference only in the scotopic condition when comparing the emmetropic and hyperopic groups. Pupil size did not change with age in all three conditions in emmetropic eyes. Pupil diameter decreased in all three conditions with age in hyperopics. Photopic and mesopic pupil size increased with age in myopics. Conclusion: The results of this study support that the effects of patient age and refractive status on pupil diameter are important in optimal lens design.
White to white cornea diameter and mesopic pupil size in patients with keratoconus
Authors: Özçelik Ferah , Yılmaz Tolga , Gümüş Güneş
Published: September 2023

Objectives: Keratoconus is characterized by the abnormal cornea structure and it is manifested by changes in anterior segment parameters responsible for ocular high order spherical aberrations. The aim of the study is to investigate cornea horizontal white to white diameter and mesopic pupil size in patients with keratoconus. Methods: The medical records of each participant were reviewed. The horizontal white to white cornea diameter and the mesopic pupil size were measured with the Sirius Topography System in 215 eyes of 123 subjects. Two groups were formed, the first group included 113 eyes with keratoconus and the second group is composed of 102 healthy eyes. Differences in sex, age, cornea diameter and mesopic pupil size between two groups were analyzed statistically. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in sex and age distribution between the two groups (p>0.05). The average horizontal corneal diameter was 11.98±0.33 mm in the 1st group and 11.81±0.24 mm in group 2. It was significantly higher in patients with keratoconus than in healthy subjects. (p=0.04) The mean mesopic pupil size was 3.64±0.12 mm in group 1 and it was 3.73±0.14 mm in group 2. The mesopic pupil size was significantly higher in healthy subjects than in patients with keratoconus (p=0.03). Conclusion: This study showed that while the horizontal white to white diameter of the cornea increases in keratoconus, the mesopic pupil size decreases. In clinical practice, these two parameters should be considered in treatment procedures of patients with keratoconus.
Problematics Of Today's Problem As A Threat Of Moral Degradation Of Generation Z
Authors: Rolando Dede Mercy , Achfandhy Mochammad Irfan , Jamiah Ririn
Published: September 2023

This study aims to look at the portrait of the current problem of da'wah and its strategy. This type of research is used for literature review or literature review. The results obtained are the condition of the portrait of da'wah in the current era of information globalization which is increasingly heavy and complex, of course, it becomes a challenge for the development of da'wah. The emergence of problems that target the younger generation becomes a threat point for the survival of Muslims, especially in Indonesia. The portrait of the problems faced and the challenges and threats for da'wah and da'i activists is the "silting of faith" due to the progress of the times such as problems related to the erosion of Aqeedah and Akhlaq, single religious shifts, problems of pluralistic, hedonistic, individualistic and materialistic societies related to rationalism. Muslims. The characteristics of the profile of the Indonesian Muslim community have caused problems both internally and externally. So that it requires the application of an effective and efficient da'wah strategy in order to compete and maintain Islamic values amid the threats of the times by improving the quality in terms of substantive competence and methodology, increasing the value of rahmatan lil alamin and universal values as well as the importance of mastering information technology by utilizing the latest media.
Semantic Structure of the Indonesian ‘Die’ Verbs
Authors: Wardani Yohana Ari
Published: September 2023

This article focuses on the analysis of the semantic structure of the Indonesian ‘die’ verbs. The lexicon variations for the Indonesian ‘die‘ verbs depend on to whom and in what way it is perceived when it happens. The Indonesian ‘die’ verbs have their meaning which can be expressed through the study of the Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) theoretical framework developed by Goddard and Wierzbicka (2013). The method used is a descriptive method with a qualitative research form. The data analysis technique used four steps including determining the semantic prime,  looking for the derivation of meaning, determining polysemy based on the object,  and paraphrasing meaning. To analyze the meaning of ‘die’ in Indonesian, the data used in this article were collected from the entry word 'mati' obtained from the dictionary https://kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id/entri/mati. The  results  showed  that  there  were  17 lexicons (meninggal dunia, tutup usia, wafat, berpulang, gugur, mangkat,  berlalu, berkalang tanah, berputih tulang, dipanggil Tuhan, mati, mampus, tewas, binasa, koit, modar, and jangkang) reffering  to the  ‘die’  concept, which were then grouped into two categories based  on  the entity and  the  result of  which the  ‘die’ concept  was  implemented.
Kebijakan sosial dan ekonomi Pemerintah Pendudukan Jepang di Yogyakarta dalam Kan Po 1942-1945
Authors: Sinta Petra Diah Yuwara , Baskoro Aji Cahyo
Published: September 2023

Artikel ini menjelaskan mengenai kebijakan-kebijakan sosial dan ekonomi yang dikeluarkan oleh pemerintah pendudukan Jepang di Yogyakarta pada tahun 1942-1945 yang tertulis dalam majalah Kan Po. Artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa tujuan utama Jepang mengeluarkan kebijakan sosial dan ekonomi bagi masyarakat di Yogyakarta adalah supaya pemerintah pendudukan Jepang memiliki seluruh akses mengatur dan menguasai kehidupan masyarakat, baik dalam kehidupan sosial maupun pasar ekonomi masyarakat. Dengan begitu, pemerintah pendudukan Jepang berusaha untuk mengeksploitasi sumber daya manusia serta perekonomian daerah Yogyakarta.
Kepulangan Semaoen ke Indonesia pada tahun 1950-an
Authors: Kurniawan Aristayanu Bagus , Wirawan Yerry
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini menguraikan proses kembalinya Semaoen ke Indonesia setelah ia menjadi orang buangan akibat penerapan politik Pemerintah Kolonial Belanda pada periode sebelumnya. Proklamasi Kemerdekaan Indonesia telah mengubah hal paling mendasar dalam kehidupan masyarakat dan membuka peluang baru bagi kaum revolusioner agar dapat kembali pulang untuk bekerja sama dengan Pemerintah Indonesia terkait program pembangunan serta akuisisi perusahaan-perusahaan yang sebelumnya dimiliki Pemerintah Kolonial Hindia-Belanda. Dalam penelitian ini juga akan dipaparkan mengenai kehidupan Semaoen pasca ia kembali ke Indonesia dari luar negeri, seperti gerak politik dan ketertarikannya akan pembangunan Indonesia yang berlandaskan nasionalisme. Kembalinya Semaoen ke Indonesia memperkuat rasa nasionalisme dalam dirinya, yang pada periode tersebut cenderung jamak dijuluki komunis sebagai akibat dari peristiwa Gerakan 30 September 1965.
Fenomena gelandangan di Jakarta, 1972-1976
Authors: Sylvia Dara
Published: September 2023

Resensi Buku
Nutrition Information Post COVID-19: A twitter content analysis
Authors: Tomar Shagun , Gupta Manisha , Rani Madhu , Shankar Shyam Hari , Ujjawal Nishtha
Published: September 2023

Realizing social media's importance, many doctors, nutritionists, health coaches and general users have registered on social media and actively share health information. Users may easily access and exchange health information. It benefits both users and practitioners. Qualitative data analysis is employed to study Twitter communication content to understand better the relationship between users’ interest in healthy eating. The research examined Twitter nutrition health information using hashtags. The frequency of hashtags was ranked. The content analysis quantifies social media healthy diet hashtags. Theme modification and word and phrase recurrence analysis to identify two primary themes and significant sentiments relating to Covid-19 and nutrition. Python and NLP are used to analyze and interpret the data to help acquire in-depth information.
Floating Population: Migration With(Out) Family and the Spatial Distribution of Economic Activity
Authors:   University of Warwick, Imbert Clément , Monras Joan ,   Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, Seror Marlon ,   Université du Québec à Montréal, Zylberberg Yanos ,   University of Bristol
Published: September 2023

This paper argues that migrants’ decision to bring their dependent family members shapes their consumption behavior, their choice of destination, and their sensitivity to migration barriers. We document that in China: (i) rural migrants disproportionately move to expensive cities; (ii) in these cities they live without their family and in poorer housing conditions; and (iii) they remit more, especially when living without their family. We then develop a quantitative general equilibrium spatial model in which migrant households choose whether, how (with or without their family), and where to migrate. We estimate the model using plausibly exogenous variation in wages, housing prices, and exposure to family migration costs. We use the model to estimate migration costs and relate them to migration policy. We find that hukou policies protect workers in large, expensive, and high income cities at the expense of rural households, who use remittances to overcome some of these costs.
A Study on the Autonomy of EU Law and the Protection of Fundamental Rights: Focusing on the re-negotiation of the EU Accession to the ECHR
Authors:   Korean Association of International Association of Constitutional Law, Lee woochul
Published: September 2023

The European Union's accession to the European Convention on Human Rights began in the 1970s and was marked by the Lisbon Treaty, which authorized the EU's accession. In 2013, a draft agreement was prepared by the Council of Europe's Steering Committee on Human Rights, but the draft agreement was rejected by the European Court of Justice in Opinion 2/13 on the question of the autonomy and specificity of EU law. The negotiations resumed after a gap of more than five years, and the issues raised in Opinion 2/13 were addressed through a process of consensus and amendments were finalized.
This article revises the intent of the European Court of Justice's decision to reject the draft and compares the content of the final amendment to the draft to understand the process of reaching a consensus on respect for EU autonomy.
The renegotiation process of the CDDH Negotiating Group has also organized the sections relating to the autonomy of EU law, which were challenged by the European Court of Justice in Opinion 2/13, into four baskets: Basket 1 is the EU’s specific mechanisms of the procedure before the European Court of Human Rights, Basket 2 is the operation of inter-party applications (Art. 33 of the Convention) and of references for an advisory opinion (Protocol No. 16 to the Convention) in relation to EU Member States, Basket 3 is Discussion of proposals submitted on the principle of mutual trust between the EU member states (in the area of freedom, justice and security), Basket 4 is Discussion of proposals submitted on the situation of EU acts in the area of the Common Foreign and Security Policy that are excluded from the jurisdiction of the Court of Justice of the European Union.
From the 6th meeting in 2020 to the 18th meeting in March 2023, the amendments largely accepted the issues of autonomy of EU law raised in the opinion 2/13. There was consensus in the negotiating group that the CFSP policy aspect of basket 4 should be resolved internally by the EU, and the recommendation to keep the CDDH informed of the EU's efforts and progress, and to actively monitor relevant issues, was accepted, leaving it up to the EU to resolve the issue, while respecting its autonomy.
The future of the EU's accession to the Convention depends entirely on the will of the EU and its Member States. The rapid entry into force of the amendments proposed by the CDDH Negotiating Group will depend on how quickly the EU and its member states can come up with a solution to Basket 4, the issues of common foreign and security policy whose resolution is pending.
As a result, the unanimous agreement on the amendment by the Negotiating Group of the Council of Europe's Human Rights Steering Committee is a clear indication that all countries involved are committed to the EU's accession to the European Convention on Human Rights.
GESTÃO POR COMPETÊNCIAS COMO FERRAMENTA ESTRATÉGICA PARA MANTER A SUSTENTABILIDADE ORGANIZACIONAL
Authors: Moreira Daiany Alves Araújo , Rodrigues Delei Moreira
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo discorrer sobre a importância da gestão por competência como sistema de gestão eficiente para as organizações que desejam captar e reter talentos humanos, alinhado ao planejamento estratégico da gestão de pessoas, em busca da sustentabilidade organizacional.
Referencial teórico: Diante das constantes mudanças e da grande competitividade, em que as organizações estão inseridas, as exigências por produtos inovadores e com alta qualidade é cada vez maior. Logo, as empresas buscam profissionais com as competências adequadas para poder atingir seus objetivos estratégicos e, consequentemente, enfrentar a concorrência. Por conseguinte, as organizações estão cada vez mais investindo em pessoas, pois estas estão sendo consideradas a principal vantagem competitiva. Assim, o estudo baseia-se na revisão bibliográfica sobre a gestão por competência, a sustentabilidade organizacional e o planejamento estratégico da gestão de pessoas. Destacando a importância da articulação dos objetivos organizacionais com as competências e as habilidades individuais em busca da vantagem competitiva e a sustentabilidade organizacional.
Metodologia: Utilizou-se da abordagem qualitativa, sendo uma pesquisa bibliográfica, de caráter exploratório.
Resultado e conclusão: O modelo de gestão por competência apresenta-se como uma metodologia que busca gerenciar o alinhamento entre as competências do seu capital intelectual com as competências organizacionais, em um processo contínuo e interligado ao planejamento estratégico da gestão de pessoas, com a finalidade de atender aos objetivos organizacionais de maneira efetiva, mantendo a vantagem competitiva e a sustentabilidade organizacional.
The main trends in the development of China's fuel and energy complex: Prospects for Russian-Chinese energy cooperation
Authors: VELIKOROSSOV Vladimir V. , SHVETS Nikolai N. , POLTARYKHIN Andrei L. , ZAKHAROV Aleksandr K.
Published: September 2023

Subject. This article discusses the issues of environmental safety and strengthening Russia's economic position in Asia. Objectives. The article aims to identify promising areas of cooperation between Russia and China in the energy sector. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of statistical analysis, induction and deduction. Results. Based on the analysis of the problems of the Chinese energy industry in the current conditions, as well as plans for the medium and long-term development of the fuel and energy complex of China, the article finds that at present, the gas industry determines the nature of cooperation between Russia and China in the energy sector to the greatest extent. Conclusions. In the coming decades, renewable energy sources will become one of the main factors in the development of the economy.
The impact of digital technologies in industries on the economic growth of industrial areas
Authors: SMIRNOVA Ol'ga P. , CHESNYUKOVA Lyudmila K.
Published: September 2023

Subject. This article discusses the issues of improving the competitiveness of industrial production and the development of the digital economy at the regional level.
Objectives. The article aims to rank the leading industrial areas of Russia in terms of the level of digital transformation of the economy.
Methods. For the study, we used the methods of cluster, econometric, statistical, and logical analyses.
Results. The article notes that the introduction of digital technologies has a positive impact on the development of regional industry, but the effectiveness of their use depends on a number of different factors. The introduction of digital technologies in industry has a wide range of advantages.
Conclusions. The use of digital technologies in industry makes it possible to improve its competitiveness in world markets, but this requires the formation of investment projects, the development of a personnel training system, and the creation of innovative clusters.
Adding Brief Pain Science or Ergonomics Messages to Guideline Advice Did Not Increase Feelings of Reassurance in People With Acute Low Back Pain: A Randomized Experiment
Authors: Ferreira Giovanni E. , Zadro Joshua R. , Traeger Adrian C. , Jones Caitlin P. , West Courtney A. , O’Keeffe Mary , Jenkins Hazel , McAuley James , Maher Christopher G.
Published: September 2023

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of adding pain science or ergonomics messages to guideline advice on feelings of reassurance and management intentions among people with acute low back pain (LBP).

DESIGN: Three-arm parallel-group randomized experiment.

METHODS: We recruited people with acute LBP (pain for ≤6 weeks) to participate in an online experiment. Participants were randomized at a 1:1:1 ratio to one of three groups: guideline advice alone or guideline advice with the addition of brief pain science or ergonomics messages. The intervention was delivered via prerecorded videos in all 3 groups. Coprimary outcomes were reassurance that (1) no serious condition is causing LBP and (2) continuing with daily activities is safe. Secondary outcomes were perceived risk of developing chronic pain, management intentions (bed rest, see a health professional, see a specialist, and imaging), credibility, and relevance of the advice in addressing the participant’s concerns.

RESULTS: Two thousand two hundred ninety-seven responses (99.3% of 2,313 randomized) were analyzed. Adding brief pain science or ergonomics messages to guideline advice did not change reassurance that LBP was not caused by serious disease. The addition of ergonomics advice provided worse reassurance that it is safe to continue with daily activities compared to guideline advice (mean difference [MD], −0.33; 95% CI: 0.13, 0.53). There was no difference between groups on management intentions.

CONCLUSION: Adding pain science or ergonomics messages to guideline advice did not increase reassurance or change management intentions in people with acute LBP. Ergonomics messages may lead to reduced feelings of reassurance. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2023;53(12)769-779. Epub 26 September 2023. doi:10.2519/jospt.2023.12090
Mini review: Molecular pathology of personalized medicine in cancer susceptibility syndromes
Authors: Kaler Amrit Kaur , Bora Nandini Shyamali , Kavyashree P. , Nikam Ankita , Rane Samrudhi , Tiwarekar Yash , Limaye Shweta , Vadera Varsha , Nadkarni Mandar , Kulkarni Yogesh , Yuvaraja T. B. , Shaikh Imran Nisar , Goyle Sandeep , Mistry Rajesh
Published: September 2023

In current times, medical oncology is increasingly incorporating cancer genetics and genetic testing into its practice. About 5–10% of all cancers are caused due to inherited genetic mutation that increases susceptibility to a particular malignancy. There is an increasing practice of incorporation of genetic testing and results with potential benefits that have been seen in current-day oncology practice. The American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics highly advises conducting clinical molecular genetic testing within a laboratory that has received CLIA approval with results accurately interpreted by molecular geneticists. The patient is highly recommended to talk to a genetic specialist to explain about the risk, document the family history, and also explain the limitations and outcomes of the genetic testing. Nonetheless, significant discussions and ambiguity persist regarding the optimal approach for providing genetic testing services. These include considerations such as which tests should be employed, which patients should undergo testing, the order and timing of the tests, who should administer them, and the appropriate course of action for follow-up.
Cast Index as a Tool for Predicting Re-displacement after Closed Reduction and Cast Immobilization in Forearm Fractures in the Pediatric Age Group
Authors: Singhal Vikas , Anand Atul , Nand Anmol Arpan , Priyadarshi Swapnil , Gupta Vivek Kumar
Published: September 2023

Objectives

Forearm fractures are very common in all age groups. 81% of forearm fractures happen in children aged above 5 years with the peak of incidence between 9 and 12 years in females and 12 and 15 years in males. In children aged >9 years, remodeling potential is low and re-displacement of fracture after cast application remains a complication (as high as 25%). Quality of casting is an important modifiable risk factor for fracture re-displacement, which can be measured using the Cast index. The purpose of our study was to find out if Cast index should be used as a standard protocol after reduction for assessment of quality of cast.

Material and Methods

A total number of 40 patients were selected from outpatient department and trauma center based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. These patients were treated with below elbow (B/E) or above elbow (A/E) cast application. Follow-up was done radiologically using the Cast index at 0, 1, and 4 weeks of cast application. Out of 40 patients, 2 patients were remanipulated at one-week follow-up.

Results

Out of 40 cases of pediatric forearm fracture, 30 (75%) cases were male and 10 (25%) were female. Twenty-seven (67.5%) cases belonged to the 5- to 8-year age group. The mean age was 8.4 ± 2.79 years in males and 6.9 ± 2.23 years in females. The mean Cast index of the whole study was 0.802 ± 0.147 (range 0.48–1.21). The mean Cast index for proximal, middle and distal levels was 0.74, 0.85 and 0.76, respectively.

Conclusion

Cast index is an excellent marker and gives us an analogy about the quality of cast in pediatric forearm fractures. With proper use, it can also be used as a guiding stick for young orthopedicians. Thus, regular use of Cast index should be encouraged in all orthopedic centers; especially for pediatric forearm fractures.
Revisiting the Bonding Evolution Theory: A Fresh Perspective on the Ammonia Pyramidal Inversion and Bond Dissociations in Ethane and Borazane
Authors: Ayarde Henríquez Leandro , Guerra Cristian , Duque-Noreña Mario , Chamorro Eduardo
Published: September 2023

This work offers a comprehensive and fresh perspective on the bonding evolution theory (BET) framework, originally proposed by Silvi and collaborators [J. Phys. Chem. A, 1997, 101, 7277–7282]. By underscoring Thom’s foundational work, we identify the parametric function characterizing bonding events along a reaction pathway through a three-step sequence to establish such association rigorously, namely: (a) computing the determinant of the Hessian matrix at all potentially degenerate critical points, (b) computing the relative distance between these points, and (c) assigning the unfolding based on these computations and considering the maximum number of critical points for each unfolding. In-depth examination of the ammonia inversion and the dissociation of ethane and ammonia borane molecules yields a striking discovery: no elliptic umbilic flag is detected along the reactive coordinate for any of the systems, contradicting previous reports. Our findings indicate that the core mechanisms of these chemical reactions can be understood using only two folds, the simplest polynomial of Thom's theory, leading to considerable simplification. In contrast to previous reports, no signatures of the elliptic umbilic unfolding were detected in any of the systems examined. This finding dramatically simplifies the topological rationalization of electron rearrangements within the BET framework, opening new approaches for investigating complex reactions.
Unveiling the Power of Negative Ion Mode ESI-MS: Identifying Species with Remarkable Signal Intensity and Collisional Stability
Authors: Warnes Benjamin , Chihabi Jasmine , Manthorpe Jeffrey
Published: September 2023

Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry has long been the standard and most prevalent ionization method in mass spectrometry to detect and analyze molecules of low volatility that are relevant biologically, environmentally, and industrially. However, only a small number of analyses are conducted in negative ion mode, which has led to a dogmatic bias toward positive ion mode despite advantageous properties of the negative polarity, including lower back-ground noise and divergent tandem mass spectrometry behavior. We hypothesized that this bias was rooted in the relatively poor ionization efficiency of anionic functional groups seen in biochemistry; to explore this notion herein we evaluated 25 ions based on three criteria: (1) signal intensity relative to a sodium dodecylsulfate internal standard; (2) resistance to collision induced dissociation based on survival of the precursor ion; and (3) diagnostic tandem mass spectrometry behavior. Among these species, highly fluorous ions exhibiting weakly coordinating and hydro-phobic properties contributed to enhanced signal intensities. Trifluoromethanesulfonyl-containing ions proved to be unexpectedly labile, while tetrakis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate anion (23) and bis(nonafluoro-1-butane)sulfonimidate (25) were determined to be of optimal signal intensity with signal intensity ratios relative to sodium dodecylsulfate (12 + Na+) of 332.0% ± 25.0% and 939.0% ± 92.0%, respectively, as well as survival yields of 100.0% ± 0.0% and 72.6% ± 0.8% at –50 eV. To further emphasize their optimal signal intensity, ions tetrakis[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate anion (23) and bis(nonafluoro-1-butane)sulfonimidate (25) were comparable in signal intensity across solvents of acetonitrile, methanol, isopropanol, water, and their respective 1:1 mixtures. Facile preparation of various salts of bis(nonafluoro-1-butane)sulfonimidate led to additional evaluation of cation effects where the signal intensity ratio ranged from 939.0% ± 92.0% to 3195.0% ± 145.0% across K+, NH4+, Na+, and H+ counter cations. The dogma of negative ion mode being less sensitive was then challenged by the analysis of the sig-nal intensity of ion 25 to tetra-n-butylammonium, tetra-n-butylphosphonium, and (4-methylphenyl)diphenylsulfonium cations. These experiments showed that 25 was more sensitive by between 136.2% ± 5.5% and 180.7% ± 13.8%, thereby successfully challenging the positive polarity bias.
Massively Scalable Workflows for Quantum Chemistry: BIGCHEM and CHEMCLOUD
Authors: Hicks Colton B. , Martinez Todd J.
Published: September 2023

Electronic structure theory, i.e. quantum chemistry, is the fundamental building block for many problems in computational chemistry. We present a new distributed computing framework (BIGCHEM) which allows efficient solution of many quantum chemistry problems in parallel. BIGCHEM is designed to be easily composable and leverages industry-standard middleware (e.g. Celery, RabbitMQ, and Redis) for distributed approaches to large scale problems. BIGCHEM can harness any collection of worker nodes, including ones on cloud providers (such as AWS or Azure), local clusters, or supercomputer centers (and any mixture of these). BIGCHEM builds upon MolSSI packages such as QCEngine to standardize the operation of numerous computational chemistry programs, demonstrated here with Psi4, xtb, geomeTRIC, and TeraChem. BIGCHEM delivers full utilization of compute resources at scale, offers a programable canvas for designing sophisticated quantum chemistry workflows, and is fault tolerant to node failures and network disruptions. We demonstrate linear scalability of BIGCHEM running computational chemistry workloads on up to 125 GPUs. Finally, we present CHEMCLOUD, a web API to BIGCHEM and successor to TeraChem Cloud. CHEMCLOUD delivers scalable and secure access to BIGCHEM over the internet.
أثر العلاقة التبادلية بين سياسة سعر الصرف والانفاق العام و أثرها على النمو الاقتصادي في العراق للمدة (2004-2021 ) باستخدام نموذج متجه الانحدار الذاتي الهيكلي (SVAR)
Authors: يوسف أكرم , نعمة سمير
Published: September 2023

أن الهدف الأساسي على مستوى الاقتصادي الكلي في الأجل المتوسط والطويل بالنسبة لدول النامية هو الوصول الى النمو الاقتصادي المستدام . ومن المتغيرات التي يعطى لها أهمية في صياغة السياسة الاقتصادية المناسبة للوصول الى ذلك الهدف هو إعادة النظر في السياسات المتبعة لسعر الصرف الموازي وسياسة الإنفاق العام ، وتسعى هذه الدراسة لمحاولة تقييم العلاقة التبادلية بين سياسة سعر الصرف والانفاق العام و أثرها في النمو الاقتصادي من خلال قياس تلك الاثر للمدة 2004-2021 في الاقتصاد العراقي باستخدام نموذج متجه الانحدار الذاتي الهيكلي  (SVAR ) . وتوصلت الدراسة أن حدوث صدمة في سعر الصرف الموازي يؤدي الى أنخفاض الناتج المحلي الإجمالي بالاسعار الجارية ، أما في المدى المتوسط و الطويل فسيتولد تأثير سلبي و هذا ابتداء من السنة الثانية التي تلي الصدمة . ويرجع ذلك الى أن الاقتصاد العراقي يتصف بأرتفاع مؤشر الانكشاف الاقتصادي على العالم الخارجي ، الذي يجعل الاقتصاد يتعرض لتقلبات المتغيرات الخارجية ، وبالتالي يبرز دور سعر الصرف في الاقتصاد العراقي ، أذ توضح الترابط بين مكونات الانفاق العام والمحرك الرئيسي للناتج المحلي الاجمالي وموقف الحساب الجاري ، وهذه العلاقة توضح ضعف الترابط بين القطاعات الاقتصادية في توليد قطاع حقيقي ناتج للسلع والخدمات .
Glioblastoma cellular MAP4K1 facilitates tumor growth and disrupts T
effector cell infiltration
Authors: Sun Jin-Min , Fan Hong-Ye , Zhu Yan , Pan Ting-Ting , Wu Yong-Ping , Zhang Dao-Yong , Hou Xiao-Yu
Published: September 2023

MAP4K1 has been identified as a cancer immunotherapy target. Whether and
how cancer cell-intrinsic MAP4K1 contributes to glioblastoma multiforme
(GBM) progression remains unclear. We found that MAP4K1 was highly expressed
in the glioma cells of human GBM specimens. High levels
ofMAP4K1mRNA were prevalent
inIDH-WT and 1p/19q non-codeletion gliomas
and correlated with poor prognosis of patients. MAP4K1 silencing inhibited
GBM cell proliferation and glioma growth. Transcriptome analysis of GBM
cells and patient samples showed that MAP4K1 modulated cytokine‒cytokine
receptor interactions and chemokine signaling pathway,
includingIL-18RandIL-6R.
Importantly, MAP4K1 loss down-regulated membrane-bound IL-18R/IL-6R by
inhibiting the PI3K-AKT pathway, whereas MAP4K1 restoration rescued this
phenotype and therefore GBM cell proliferation. MAP4K1 deficiency abolished
GBM cell pro-proliferation responses to IL-18, suggesting an oncogenic role
of MAP4K1 via the intrinsic IL-18/IL-18R pathway. In addition, GBM
cell-derived MAP4K1 impaired T-cell migration and reduced
CD8+T-cell infiltration in mouse glioma models.
Together, our findings provide novel insight into the pathological
significance of GBM cell-intrinsic MAP4K1 in driving tumor growth and immune
evasion by remodeling cytokine–chemokine networks.
Features of inflammatory and cytolytic syndromes and their influence on the development of cardiomyofibrosis in patients with myocarditis with heart failure
Authors: Myndziv Kateryna , Yarema Nadiya
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT. The activity and duration of the inflammatory process in myocarditis affects the severity of the course of myocarditis and determines the development of cardiomyofibrosis, arrhythmias, dilatation syndrome, the occurrence and progression of heart failure. The mechanisms that affect the transition from an active inflammatory process to chronic ventricular dysfunction have not yet been elucidated. Aim. To study the peculiarities of the course of acute myocarditis and the impact on the quality of life of patients, the relationship between indicators of the inflammatory syndrome, cardiomyocyte lysis and heart failure with FGF-23. Materials and methods. The clinical course of acute myocarditis of unknown etiology in 42 adults, laboratory parameters related to the severity of the course and the processes of myocardial fibrosis were analyzed. Statistical processing of the research results was carried out using the StatSoft Statistica v 10.0 program with a known number of observations (n). Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was calculated. Results. Myocarditis was mainly of medium-severe course (69.1%) with heart failure (HF) of II A stage (59.5%). 35.7% of patients had complex rhythm and conduction disorders. A reliable increase in Creatine Kinase-MB and troponin T was established, which was more pronounced in severe myocarditis. Markers of inflammation (СRP, fibrinogen), cardiomyocyte lysis (Creatine Kinase-MB, troponin T) and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) were reliably correlated with each other. The inflammatory process in the myocardium contributed to the growth of heart failure, which was confirmed by a reliable correlation of CRP with NT-pro BNP (r=0.64, p<0.001). Conclusions. In patients with acute myocarditis, manifestations of pronounced cytolytic syndrome were established. The inflammatory process was closely related to the lysis of cardiomyocytes and contributed to the development of heart failure. Fibroblast growth factor FGF-23 significantly increased with increasing severity of myocarditis and significantly correlated with markers of inflammation, cardiomyocyte lysis, and heart failure. The quality of life of patients with acute myocarditis significantly decreases with the worsening of the severity of the course of the disease and the severity of heart failure.
An appraisal of the economic outlook for the tourism industry, specially cox's bazar in bangladesh
Authors: Mohammad Badruddoza Talukder
Published: September 2023

Currently, Cox's Bazar from Bangladesh has been recognized as a rising tourism spot amongst the fastest-growing destinations in the world. Tourism in this area has led to the development of facilities such as hotels, restaurants, airports, souvenir shops, etc., and has supported local communities in the form of job opportunities. Recently, the region has shown signs of negative environmental impacts such as overcrowding, poor waste management, security concerns, and the creation of unplanned hotels to meet very high local tourism demand. The results of the study show that Bangladesh has great opportunity for its economy to thrive on tourism and that the internationally recognized legacy of Cox's Bazar has many tourism products to attract tourists from all over the world. However, due to a lack of resources and other reasons, government initiatives are not sufficient to develop tourism in the country. The author attempts to consider some areas that need immediate attention, based on the concept of sustainability. The study methodology is descriptive based on empirical data and a wide range of literature from various disciplines, and it concludes with recommendations that interventions are necessary to develop and modernize Cox's Bazar, including other potential tourism destinations in Bangladesh.
The Relationship Between Urban Community Collaborative Governance and Building Resilience Cities in Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
Authors: Yuxi Huang , Ahmad Albattat , Talib Zunirah Mohd
Published: September 2023

Purpose: This study explores the impact of urban community collaborative governance on building resilience cities.
 
Theoretical framework: The Synergistic Governance Theory (SGT) was applied in this study.
 
Design/Methodology/Approach: The population of this study is the community of Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China. The unit of analysis is individuals living in the community of Zhengzhou City. Through random sampling method, 384 community residents were selected to participate in the research. This study used a questionnaire survey method to obtain primary data for analysis.
 
Findings: The results of the study show that (1) there is a significant positive correlation between government regulation, corporate capabilities, social organization involvement and building resilience cities. (2) Strengthening government regulation, corporate capabilities, and social organization involvement can effectively strengthen urban community collaborative governance, which is beneficial to building resilience cities. Thus, it is favorable to building Resilience Cities.
 
Research, Practical & Social implications: This research will be useful in creating a new model of urban community governance that will enhance the ability of cities to cope with disasters and achieve the goal of building resilient cities. A multifaceted and collaborative urban community governance model will be developed by strengthening the collaboration of the three groups - government, corporations, and social organizations，in order to ensure that the collaborative urban community governance model promotes the city's ability to cope with disasters, thereby enhancing the city's resilience. Enhancing urban resilience can fundamentally improve residents' ability to cope with the potential risks that persist in cities, thereby resolving social conflicts and satisfying people's pursuit of a better life.
 
Originality/Value: This study presents an innovative form of urban community management model that provides valuable insights on the impact of collaborative urban community governance models on resilient city buildings.
The cost-benefit analysis and constraints of pineapple production in Bangladesh
Authors: Datta Tumpa , Saha Jiban Krishna , Rahman Mohammad Ataur , Chowdhury Abhijit , Akter Muslima , Gupta Akhi Das
Published: September 2023

The main purpose of the study was to estimate the profitability of pineapple production in Sreemangal, Moulvibazar District. Structured questionnaires and face to face interviews were done to collect raw data from 100 pineapple farmers during harvesting season. These farmers were chosen using a multi-stage sampling approach. Net return analysis, Benefit-Cost Ratio, and Kruskal-Wallis One Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were used to analyze the prepared data. Findings from net return analysis showed that pineapple production was a profitable activity in the study area. The total cost of production was Tk. 740,767 and the total return was also substantial, resulting in a net return of Tk. 501,445 for pineapple production. The Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) was 1.48, indicating that pineapple farming was profitable for the farmers. However, the study also discovered several constraints perceived by the farmers that hindered pineapple production. These constraints included issues like animal damage, lack of credit availability, natural calamities, labor supply shortages, expensive fertilizer, inadequate storage facilities, and poor seed quality. By mitigating these constraints, pineapple productivity may rise not just in the study area but also in other regions of Bangladesh where the fruit is grown intensively. Thus, this improvement could significantly contribute to the well-being of farmers and enhance their disposable income.
The Historical Pathway of Instructional Materials and the Discourse of Teacher Competencies: Focusing on Teacher Competencies in UNESCO’s Educational Programs
Authors:   Koreanisch-Deutsche Gesellschaft Fuer Erziehungswissenschaft, Kim Wooyeong
Published: September 2023

The main focus of this study was to examine the relationship between the development of educational technologies and teacher competencies. The study focused on UNESCO's educational assistance programmes since the end of the Second World War. To this end, the study heavily relies on archival resources in UNESCO's official documents such as proceedings, conference papers and official reports. It also examines the required teacher competencies for ICT and emerging AI education that have emerged since the 1980s with the development of information and communication technologies, to identify how these competencies differ from previous ones, and to stimulate discussion on the implications of these changes. The rapid development of technology and new media has led to demands for changes in the field of education, with teacher education being no exception. Hence, exploring the global trends of how teacher competencies are presented and their necessity will serve as a vital foundation for organizing teacher competencies in current teacher education in Korea through evolving technology and changes in media.