bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data wobbles in hidradenitis suppurativa clinical trials and potential contributing factors: a retrospective review
Authors: Snyder Corey L. , Gibson Ruby S. , Chen Stella X. , Porter Martina L. , Kimball Alexa B.
Published: June 2024

Background:

In some hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) clinical trial study arms, there is an unexpected decline in efficacy between the penultimate visit and the prespecified primary endpoint week, which we have termed a “wobble.”

Objective:

We aimed to establish how often study arms in HS programs wobble.

Methods:

In a retrospective review, we identified HS clinical trials listed on ClinicalTrials.gov testing systemic, nonantibiotic medications that utilized Hidradenitis Suppurativa Clinical Response (HiSCR) as an outcome measure. We identified study arms demonstrating greater improvement in a visit prior to the primary endpoint week. Baseline subject characteristics were compared between studies with HiSCR wobble and no HiSCR wobble.

Results:

A total of 21 studies (randomized control trial [RCT], n = 14; open-label, n = 7) with 35 study drug arms (RCT, n = 27; open-label, n = 8) and 14 placebo arms were identified. HiSCR wobble occurred significantly more often in RCT compared to open-label study drug arms (11/27 [40.7%] vs 0/8 [0%]). In RCT study arms with HiSCR wobble, baseline draining fistula counts were significantly lower (2.3 vs 3.2), and numerically fewer Hurley stage 3 patients (33.2% vs 42.5%), lower weighted total abscess and nodule counts (12.1 vs 12.6), lower weighted dermatology life quality index scores (12.5 vs 14.5), and a higher proportion of female patients (63.9% vs 58.3%) were observed.

Limitations:

Include low number of HS clinical trials and insufficient data reported in many studies to assess for wobble, degree of wobble, and to compare all baseline characteristics.

Conclusion:

Nonlinear improvement in study arm response occurs in some HS RCTs. Potential contributing factors include a higher proportion of less severe patients at baseline and more female patients.
Efficacy of the efficacy between dexamethasone versus triamcinolone acetonide after cataract surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Tianqiu , Yang Mei , Zhang Junfang , Zhang Guowei , Kang Lihua , Guan Huaijin
Published: June 2024

Purpose:

To evaluate the clinical effects between dexamethasone and triamcinolone acetonide (TA) after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation among cataract patients.

Methods:

Pubmed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies published up to August 2020. The primary outcome was intraocular pressure. The secondary outcomes were the logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR), anterior chamber cell, and anterior chamber flare. The pooled effect sizes were expressed as weighted mean differences (WMDs) or standardized mean differences (SMDs) of 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Cochrane Collaboration risk of bias tool and Newcastle-Ottawa scale criteria were used for the quality assessment of included studies.

Results:

Seven relevant studies met the inclusion criteria. For the primary outcome, there was no significant difference between TA injection and dexamethasone in comparing intraocular pressure (IOP) (SMD = 0.22, 95% confidence interval [CI] [−0.29, 0.73], P = .408; I² = 86.9%) in the first day after treatment and last day of assessment. For the secondary outcomes, the logMAR (WMD = 0.01, 95% CI [−0.06, 0.08]) and the anterior chamber flare (SMD = 0.08, 95% CI [−0.01, 0.18], P = .087; I² = 0%) showed no differences. However, the amount of anterior chamber cells (SMD = −0.21, 95% CI [−0.42, −0.01], P = .044; I² = 0%) in the TA injection on the first day postoperative was higher than for dexamethasone. After treatment, there was no difference between the 2 groups.

Conclusions:

This study supports that there were no differences in IOP, logMAR, and anterior chamber flare between TA injection and dexamethasone among cataract patients. TA injection treatment on the first day showed higher amounts of anterior chamber cells than with dexamethasone.
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma with leptomeningeal metastases has been treated with comprehensive treatment for long-term survival: A case report and literature review
Authors: Yang Yi , Jiang Jiajia , Liu Yajing , Feng Shuanghao , Bu Hui
Published: June 2024

Rationale:

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma has a high incidence in East and Southeast Asia, often with distant metastasis. However, leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) is extremely rare and usually has a poor prognosis. This paper reports the clinical treatment of a patient with meningeal metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in order to improve the clinician’s understanding of the disease. Early diagnosis of the disease can alleviate the pain of patients and prolong their survival time.

Patient concerns:

We report the case of a 55-year-old female with a history of NPC with LM. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed temporal lobe enhancement, peripheral edema, and enhancement of the adjacent meninges. Cerebrospinal fluid cytology suggests the presence of malignant tumor cells.

Diagnoses:

The patient was diagnosed with LM from NPC.

Interventions:

The patients were regularly given targeted therapy with nimotuzumab, immunotherapy with karyolizumab, and lumbar intrathecal methotrexate chemotherapy and supportive treatment.

Outcomes:

The patient had survived for 3 years since the diagnosis of LM and was in good condition and still under active antitumor treatment.

Lessons:

Leptomeningeal metastasis of NPC is a rare disease. Although there is currently no unified treatment plan, the neurological symptoms can still be controlled and the quality of life can be improved through active treatment.
Red wine alleviates atherosclerosis-related inflammatory markers in healthy subjects rather than in high cardiovascular risk subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Sheng Yingkun , Meng Guibing , Li Guidong , Wang Jianfeng
Published: June 2024

Background:

Moderate red wine (RW) consumption is associated with a low risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, few studies have evaluated the effects of RW and white wine (WW) on inflammatory markers related to atherosclerosis in healthy individuals and high-risk subjects for CVD. This study aimed to assess the effect of RW on inflammatory markers in healthy individuals and high-risk subjects for CVD compared with moderate alcohol consumption.

Methods:

The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 (PRISMA) was followed in this study. The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, SinoMed, EbscoHost, and ScienceDirect databases were searched. The risk of bias and quality of the included trials were assessed using the Cochrane Handbook. The main results are summarized in Stata 12.

Results:

Twelve studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results demonstrated that RW significantly decreased circulating intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1, and Sialyl-Lewis X expression on the surface of monocytes in healthy subjects, but not in patients with CVD. Additionally, RW significantly decreased Sialyl-Lewis X but increased clusters of differentiation 40 (CD40) expressed on the surface of T lymphocytes and significantly decreased C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2) and very late activation antigen 4 (VLA-4) expressed on the surface of monocytes. Interestingly, subgroup analysis also found that RW significantly decreased circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) in Spain but not in other countries, and significantly increased αMβ2 (Mac-1) in the group that had an intervention duration of less than 3 weeks.

Conclusions:

Moderate consumption of RW is more effective than WW in alleviating atherosclerosis-related inflammatory markers in healthy people rather than high-risk subjects for CVD, but this needs to be further confirmed by studies with larger sample sizes.
Development and validation of a questionnaire about reasons for academic cheating by nursing students: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Alotaibi Jazi Shaydied , Alotaibi Abdullah Obaid , Manzar Md Dilshad , Almansour Ahmed Mansour , Alasiry Sharifa , Alrasheadi Bader A. , Alanazy Wdad , Albougami Abdulrhman , Kashoo Faizan Zaffar
Published: June 2024

Cheating behavior is spreading among nursing students worldwide, necessitating the development of a validated questionnaire evaluating the reasons for such behavior. Nursing students (N = 482) from 2 universities in Saudi Arabia participated in this observational study. A survey containing items on socio-demographics and the 33-item Reasons for Cheating Scale (RCS) was completed by the respondents. The RCS had a 1-factor structure; the model fit indices were similar between the 1-, 2-, and 3-factor models, but the inter-factor correlations were too high for the 2- and 3-factor models. The measures of the quality of the factor score estimates were as follows: factor determinacy index, 0.987; expected a posteriori marginal reliability, 0.974; sensitivity ratio, 6.178; and expected percentage of true differences, 97.3%. The measures of the closeness to unidimensionality for the overall RCS were as follows: unidimensional congruence, 0.957; explained common variance, 0.875; and mean item residual absolute loading, 0.223. The intraclass correlation coefficient and McDonald’s omega were 0.96 (CI: 0.93–0.98) and 0.962 (95% CI: 0.958–0.967), respectively. The severity score, infit, and outfit ranged from −0.847 to −2.015, 0.813 to 1.742, and 0.837 to 1.661, respectively. For all RCS items, the thresholds ranked τi1 < τi2 < τi3 < τi4 and showed invariance between the sexes. The RCS showed robust psychometric validity for both classical and item response theory parameters. It also had excellent test-retest reliability, internal consistency, item discrimination, factorial validity, measurement invariance, and ordered threshold level for the responses. Therefore, the RCS is a valid and reliable tool for assessing cheating behavior among nursing students.
Associations between CDH1 gene polymorphisms and the risk of gastric cancer: A meta-analysis based on 44 studies
Authors: Jiang Qiqi , Geng Peizhen , Zhang Yuying , Yang Maoquan , Zhu Jiafeng , Zhang Mingwei , Wang Yamei , Feng Yikuan , Sun Xiaojuan
Published: June 2024

Background:

Numerous studies have investigated the association between CDH1 polymorphisms and gastric cancer (GC) risk. However, the results have been inconsistent and controversial. To further determine whether CDH1 polymorphisms increase the risk of GC, we conducted a meta-analysis by pooling the data.

Methods:

Relevant case-control studies were collected from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane databases up to January 7, 2024. Subsequently, odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate the strength of correlations. A sensitivity analysis was performed to evaluate the robustness and reliability of these included studies.

Results:

A total of 25 articles including 44 studies, were included in this meta-analysis, including 26 studies on rs16260, 6 studies on rs3743674, 7 studies on rs5030625, and 5 studies on rs1801552. The pooled results showed that rs16260 was remarkably associated with an increased GC risk of GC among Caucasians. Moreover, the rs5030625 variation dramatically enhanced GC predisposition in the Asian population. However, no evident correlations between CDH1 rs3743674 and rs1801552 polymorphisms and GC risk were observed.

Conclusions:

Our findings suggested that CDH1 gene polymorphisms were significantly correlated with GC risk, especially in rs16260 and rs5030625 polymorphisms.
Genetic polymorphism of IL-17 influences susceptibility to recurrent pregnancy loss in a Chinese population
Authors: Li Dengfeng , Uskenbayeva Nuray , Fang Lisha , Xu Yang , Yan Hongchao , Zhang Kun , Wang Jing
Published: June 2024

The current research aims to investigate the relationship between Interleukin-17 (IL-17) polymorphism and the risk of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) within a Chinese population. Totally, 120 patients with RPL were selected and enrolled as the experiment group. Additionally, 210 healthy individuals undergoing routine physical examinations during the same period served as the control group. The IL-17 gene polymorphism was detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. The IL-17 rs2275913 polymorphism exhibited 3 genotypes: GG, GA, and AA. Significant associations were observed with the AA genotype and A allele (all P < .05), indicating women with the AA genotype were 2.06 times more likely to experience RPL compared to those with the GG genotype. Similarly, women carrying the A allele faced a 1.63 times higher risk of RPL than those with the G allele. Regarding the IL-17 rs763780 polymorphism, which also presented 3 genotypes (TT, TC, CC), significant associations were noted for the CC genotype and C allele (all P < .05). Women with the CC genotype had a 1.84 times greater risk of suffering from RPL compared to those with the TT genotype, and those with the C allele were 1.51 times more likely to experience RPL than those with the T allele. The IL-17 rs2275913 and rs763780 polymorphisms contribute an increased risk to RPL in the Chinese population. Further studies, with larger sample sizes and more rigorous designs, are necessary to validate or replicate our current results.
Clinical significance of serum Ck18-M65 and M30 levels in patients with chronic hepatitis B combined with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis
Authors: Dai Lu , Yan Yingchun , Chen Qi
Published: June 2024

In this study, we aimed to explore the clinical significance of serum CK18-M65 and CK18-M30 levels in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) complicated by nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and liver fibrosis. The observation and control groups comprised 133 patients with CHB complicated by NASH and 50 healthy patients from our hospital, respectively. Liver function indices, including alanine aminotransferase, glutamic aminotransferase, γ-glutamyltransferase, total bilirubin, total protein, and total cholesterol, were determined using an automatic biochemical analyzer. Hyaluronic acid, type III procollagen, type IV collagen, laminin, and CK18-M65 and M30 levels were detected using ELISA. Serum CK18-M65 and M30 levels in patients with CHB complicated by NASH were positively correlated with the liver fibrosis stage (P < .05). While serum CK18-M65 demonstrated a low diagnostic value for liver fibrosis in the S0-1 stage, it exhibited good diagnostic value for S2-3 stage liver fibrosis. Serum CK18-M30 displayed good diagnostic value for S0-1 and S2-3 hepatic fibrosis, particularly for S2-3 hepatic fibrosis. Elevated serum CK18-M65 and CK18-M30 levels in patients with CHB complicated with NASH suggest their potential utility in evaluating the progression of liver fibrosis in this population. In particular, CK18-M30 exhibits superior diagnostic efficiency.
Comparison of effects of Otago exercise program vs gaze stability exercise on balance and fear of fall in older adults: A randomized trial
Authors: KP Nimmi , D Anjupriya , Nawed Alvina , Nuhmani Shibili , Khan Masood , Alghadir Ahmad H.
Published: June 2024

Background:

Fall occurrences and the associated risk of injury are debilitating and major health concerns in the older population. Several interventions have been investigated and implemented to address the needs of balance impairments and to reduce the increased risk of falls. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the Otago exercise program (OEP) and gaze stability exercises (GSE) on balance and the risk of falls in older adults residing at an old age home facility.

Methods:

Thirty elderly participants were equally and randomly divided into 2 groups: Group OEP received the OEP, and group GSE received GSE for 8 weeks (thrice a week). In addition, both groups also performed core muscle-strengthening exercises. The outcome measures were the Berg balance scale (BBS) and the Fall efficacy scale-International (FES-I).

Results:

The interventions resulted in significant improvements (P < .001) in both outcome measures in both groups. The mean pretest BBS scores of groups OEP and GSE increased from 40.4 and 39.2 to the mean post-test scores of 48 and 45.2, respectively. Similarly, the mean pretest FES-I scores of groups OEP and GSE also improved from 39.47 and 40.4 to the mean post-test scores of 32.73 and 36.07. The between-group comparison showed greater improvement (P < .05) in OEP group in both variables.

Conclusions:

OEP and GSE were found to be beneficial rehabilitation programs in improving balance and fear of falls in healthy older adults. However, the OEP was found to be a more effective intervention and may allow better balance and fall prevention improvements.

Trial Registration:

The study has been registered in clinicaltrials.gov (ID: NCT05781776; on 23/03/2023).
Identification of a metabolism-linked genomic signature for prognosis and immunotherapeutic efficiency in metastatic skin cutaneous melanoma
Authors: He Zhongshun , Lyu Jing , Lyu Lechun , Long Xiaolin , Xu Biao
Published: June 2024

Metastatic skin cutaneous melanoma (MSCM) is the most rapidly progressing/invasive skin-based malignancy, with median survival rates of about 12 months. It appears that metabolic disorders accelerate disease progression. However, correlations between metabolism-linked genes (MRGs) and prognosis in MSCM are unclear, and potential mechanisms explaining the correlation are unknown. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was utilized as a training set to develop a genomic signature based on the differentially expressed MRGs (DE-MRGs) between primary skin cutaneous melanoma (PSCM) and MSCM. The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was utilized as a validation set to verify the effectiveness of genomic signature. In addition, a nomogram was established to predict overall survival based on genomic signature and other clinic-based characteristics. Moreover, this study investigated the correlations between genomic signature and tumor micro-environment (TME). This study established a genomic signature consisting of 3 genes (CD38, DHRS3, and TYRP1) and classified MSCM patients into low and high-risk cohorts based on the median risk scores of MSCM cases. It was discovered that cases in the high-risk cohort had significantly lower survival than cases in the low-risk cohort across all sets. Furthermore, a nomogram containing this genomic signature and clinic-based parameters was developed and demonstrated high efficiency in predicting MSCM case survival times. Interestingly, Gene Set Variation Analysis results indicated that the genomic signature was involved in immune-related physiological processes. In addition, this study discovered that risk scoring was negatively correlated with immune-based cellular infiltrations in the TME and critical immune-based checkpoint expression profiles, indicating that favorable prognosis may be influenced in part by immunologically protective micro-environments. A novel 3-genomic signature was found to be reliable for predicting MSCM outcomes and may facilitate personalized immunotherapy.
Efficacy and safety of interspinous process device compared with alone decompression for lumbar spinal stenosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhu Changjiu , Xiao Guiling
Published: June 2024

Study Design:

Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background:

Interspinous process devices (IPD) were used as a treatment in selected patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). However, the use of IPD was still debated that it had significantly higher reoperation rates compared to traditional decompression. Therefore, the purpose of the meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of IPD treatment in comparison to traditional treatment.

Methods:

The databases were searched of PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chongqing VIP Database and Wan Fang Database up to January 2024. Relevant studies were identified by using specific eligibility criteria and data was extracted and analyzed based on primary and secondary endpoints.

Results:

A total of 13 studies were included (5 RCTs and 8 retrospective studies). There was no significant difference of Oswestey Disability Index (ODI) score in the last follow-up (MD = −3.81, 95% CI: −8.91–1.28, P = .14). There was significant difference of Visual Analog Scale (VAS) back pain scoring in the last follow-up (MD = −1.59, 95% CI: −3.09–−0.09, P = .04), but there existed no significant difference of leg pain in the last follow-up (MD = −2.35, 95% CI: −6.15–1.45, P = .23). What’s more, operation time, bleeding loss, total complications and reoperation rate had no significant difference. However, IPD had higher device problems (odds ratio [OR] = 9.00, 95% CI: 2.39–33.91, P = .001) and lesser dural tears (OR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.15–0.67, P = .002) compared to traditional decompression.

Conclusion:

Although IPD had lower back pain score and lower dural tears compared with traditional decompression, current evidence indicated no superiority for patient-reported outcomes for IPD compared with alone decompression treatment. However, these findings needed to be verified in further by multicenter, double-blind and large sample RCTs.
Comparison of gender identification using exfoliated cells obtained from toothbrush and miswak: A longitudinal study
Authors: Alqarni Abdullah , Shamsudeen Shaik Mohamed , Mannakandath Master Luqman , Asif Shaik Mohammed , Alassiri Saeed , Assiri Khalil Ibrahim
Published: June 2024

Gender identification plays a pivotal role in forensic medicine. Among the various methods used for gender identification, deoxyribose nucleic acid (DNA) based methods are considered accurate. Exfoliated oral mucosal cells that are harvested from oral hygiene aids can be potentially used for gender identification using real-time polymerase chain rection (PCR). The aim of the present longitudinal study is to assess and compare the efficacy of toothbrush and miswak as potential tools to harvest exfoliated cells for gender identification. Forty healthy volunteers were recruited and asked to clean their teeth using new toothbrush and fresh miswak each day for 4 days. Toothbrush and miswak used by the participants were subjected to DNA analysis immediately, 1st, 2nd and 6th month. The absorbance of DNA samples were quantified and gender identification was done by amplification of sex determining gene-Sex determining region Y gene (SRY) and ALT1 genes using real-time PCR. The number of correct and positive identification for samples at various time points were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis. Post hoc power analysis showed that the study had a power of 93%. Correct and positive gender identification was observed for the samples (100%) obtained using miswak, for tooth brush it reduced to 95%, 80%, and 35% at the end of 1st, 2nd, and 6th month. The differences seen at the end of 2nd month and 6th month were statistically significant. Miswak is a better tool to harvest exfoliated cells for gender identification when compared to a toothbrush. Hence, miswak can serve as a potential tool in forensic medicine for DNA extraction and subsequently victim identification.
Non-nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates and nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates for the treatment of atherosclerosis and vascular calcification: A meta-analysis
Authors: Xu Wei , Lu Guoyuan , Gong Lifeng , Tang Weigang , Liu Xiaowu , Yang Qichao , Jiang Wei , Liu Xiaoming , Li Xianping
Published: June 2024

Background:

The role of non-nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (non-N-BPs) and nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs) in the treatment of atherosclerosis (AS) and vascular calcification (VC) is uncertain. This meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of non-N-BPs and N-BPs in the treatment of AS and VC.

Methods:

The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang databases were searched from their inception to July 5th, 2023. Eligible studies comparing bisphosphonates (BPs) versus no BPs in the treatment of AS and VC were included. The data were analyzed using Review Manager Version 5.3.

Results:

Seventeen studies were included in this meta-analysis. Twelve were randomized control trials (RCTs), and 5 were nonrandomized studies. Overall, 813 patients were included in the BPs group, and 821 patients were included in the no BPs group. Compared with no BP treatment, non-N-BP or N-BP treatment did not affect serum calcium (P > .05), phosphorus (P > .05) or parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels (P > .05). Regarding the effect on serum lipids, non-N-BPs decreased the serum total cholesterol (TC) level (P < .05) and increased the serum triglyceride (TG) level (P < .01) but did not affect the serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level (P > .05). N-BPs did not affect serum TC (P > .05), TG (P > .05) or LDL-C levels (P > .05). Regarding the effect on AS, non-N-BPs did not have a beneficial effect (P > .05). N-BPs had a beneficial effect on AS, including reducing the intima-media thickness (IMT) (P < .05) and plaque area (P < .01). For the effect on VC, non-N-BPs had a beneficial effect (P < .01), but N-BPs did not have a beneficial effect (P > .05).

Conclusion:

Non-N-BPs and N-BPs did not affect serum calcium, phosphorus or PTH levels. Non-N-BPs decreased serum TC levels and increased serum TG levels. N-BPs did not affect serum lipid levels. Non-N-BPs had a beneficial effect on VC, and N-BPs had a beneficial effect on AS.
Association of complicated Baker’s cysts with knee pathologies as compared to simple Baker’s cysts
Authors: Kim Jeong Min , Kang Seok , Yoon Joon Shik
Published: June 2024

Baker’s cysts (BCs) are known to be associated with intra-articular pathologies. BCs can be classified into 2 types: simple and complicated. Although some studies have focused on BC using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which is the gold standard examination, no study has compared knee MRI features in patients with simple and complicated BCs. To assess the relationship between the type of BC (simple vs complicated) and other knee pathologies using MRI. Seventy patients who underwent knee MRI examination due to symptomatic knee were retrospectively recruited from April 2011 to April 2021 at a single hospital. In the knee MRI images, the following were assessed: type (simple or complicated), morphology, volume of BCs, thickness of the suprapatellar recess, presence of synovial proliferation of the suprapatellar recess, grade of knee joint effusion, presence of meniscal tear, and extent of meniscal extrusion. The patients were classified into 2 groups according to the type of BC: simple BC and complicated BC. The differences between the 2 groups were evaluated for all variables. Finally, 52 patients were included in this study, 15 were classified as “simple BC” group and 37 as “complicated BC” group. The volume of complicated BC (median: 4.6, interquartile range – IQR: 1.6–12.4) was significantly greater than that of simple BC (median: 0.7, IQR: 0.3–3.7; P = .007). The presence of synovial proliferation in the suprapatellar recess was significantly higher in complicated BC (91.9%) than that in simple BC (46.7%; P = .001). The thickness of the suprapatellar recess was significantly greater in complicated BC (median: 7.5, IQR: 5.8–10.7) than that in simple BC (median: 4.3, IQR: 2.3–7.6; P = .020). The medial meniscus extrusion was greater in complicated BC (median: 4.1, IQR: 2.8–5.1) than that in simple BC (median: 2.5, IQR: 1.8–4.4; P = .037). After adjusting these P-values using the Holm method, only the presence of synovial proliferation in the suprapatellar recess remained significant (P = .010). Using knee MRI images, we demonstrated that complicated BCs are more associated with intra-articular pathologies than simple BCs; such as cyst volume, amount of the knee joint effusion, synovial proliferation and medial meniscal extrusion. Among them, the presence of synovial proliferation was the most significant factor associated with complicated BCs.
The EC50 of propofol with different doses of dexmedetomidine during gastrointestinal endoscopy: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Xu Hong-Chun , Ye Qin , Wu Le , An Tian-Tian , Wang Fang-Jun
Published: June 2024

Purpose:

The goal of this study was to evaluate the dose-response relationship between dexmedetomidine and propofol in sedating patients and to determine the optimal dosage of dexmedetomidine during gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Methods:

One hundred fifty patients were divided into 5 groups, each receiving a loading dose of dexmedetomidine (0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 µg/kg) or saline, with propofol for sedation. The median effective concentration (EC50) of propofol was calculated using the modified Dixon up-and-down approach. Adverse effects, vital signs, procedure, and recovery times were recorded.

Results:

The EC50 of propofol in groups NS, D0.4, D0.6, D0.8, and D1.0 were 3.02, 2.44, 1.97, 1.85, and 1.83 µg/mL, respectively. Heart rate in the dexmedetomidine groups decreased more than the NS group (P < .001). The mean arterial pressure (MAP) in the NS group experienced a decline compared to groups D0.8 and D1.0 when the plasma concentration and effect-site concentration reached equilibrium. Additionally, the respiratory rate was found to be lower in groups NS, D0.4, D0.6, and D0.8 (P < .05). Recovery time in groups D0.8 and D1.0 was longer than the NS group (P < .05). Bruggemann comfort scales score was higher in group D1.0 (P < .05). No significant difference was found in the incidences of hypotension and bradycardia, and the dose of ephedrine and atropine. Respiratory depression was significantly reduced in groups D0.8 and D1.0 compared to the NS group.

Conclusion:

A single dose of 0.6 to 0.8 µg/kg of dexmedetomidine should be recommended in combination with propofol for gastrointestinal endoscopy. And the EC50 of propofol is 1.97 to 1.85 µg/mL.
Predicted body fat percentage, fat mass and lean body mass in relation to risk of prostate cancer: Results from the NHANES 1999 to 2010
Authors: Wu Shuai , Zou Qi , Li Chen , Huang Huibing , Xiong Zhiyong
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between fat mass (FM), body fat percentage (BF%), lean body mass (LM), and prostate cancer (PCa), and evaluate their potential impact on the risk of PCa. Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) of the United States were utilized. Adult male participants from 6 survey cycles between 1999 and 2010 were selected as the study sample. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore the association between BF%, LM, and PCa, while controlling for potential confounding variables. Among the 8440 participants, 359 cases of PCa were diagnosed. The relationship between BF%, LM, and PCa was nonlinear. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, there was an independent association between BF% and PCa risk (OR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.02–1.06), suggesting that higher BF% levels are associated with an increased risk of PCa. Conversely, higher LM levels were associated with a decreased risk of PCa (OR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.95–0.98). The findings of this study demonstrate a correlation between BF% and LM with PCa, but do not provide direct evidence of a causal relationship. Higher BF% levels are associated with an increased risk of PCa, while higher LM levels are associated with a decreased risk. These results provide valuable insights for understanding and potentially preventing PCa, although further research is needed to fully comprehend the underlying mechanisms.
Effectiveness of Kinesio tape in the treatment of patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Luo Yuan , Chen Xiao , Shen Xiaocong , Chen Li , Gong Haibo
Published: June 2024

Objective:

To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the Kinesio tape in the treatment of patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) by meta-analysis.

Methods:

Two investigators independently conducted an electronic literature search to assess the outcomes of intramuscular patches for PFPS. Electronic databases included PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Wanfang Database, Chinese Journal Full Text Database (CNKI), and Wipo Database from November 2023. Extracted inclusion indicators included pain score VAS or NRS, knee function assessment knee pain syndrome (Kujala) score, and knee symptom score Lysholm knee score scale. Data were extracted and then meta-analyzed using Review Manager 5.3 software and Stata 17.0 software.

Result:

Fourteen studies were included, all of which were randomized controlled studies. The results showed that short-term pain relief was superior in the Kinesio tape (KT) group compared with the control group, with a statistically significant difference in the results (MD = −1.54, 95% CI [−2.32, −0.76], P = .0001); medium-term pain relief was superior in the KT group compared with the control group, with a statistically significant difference in the results (MD = −0.84, 95% CI [−1.50, −0.18], P = .01); long-term pain relief in the KT group was better than the control group, with statistically different results (MD = −0.56, 95% CI [−0.98, −0.13], P < .00001). In contrast, there was no significant difference between the KT group and the control group in the assessment of knee function (MD = −0.98, 95% CI [−4.03, 2.06], P = .03), and there was no significant difference between the KT group and the control group in the Lysholm knee score scale score of knee symptoms (MD = 4.18, 95% CI [−6.70, 15.05], P = .45).

Conclusion:

Kinesio taping can effectively relieve the pain of PFPS, but has no significant effect on the improvement of knee joint function and symptoms.
Mechanism of network pharmacology of Erzhi Pill and Erxian Decoction in treating climacteric syndrome with “treating the same disease with different methods”: A review
Authors: Chen Lin-Lin , Zhu Guang , Xie Ji-Ping
Published: June 2024

Network pharmacology and molecular docking methods were used in the present study to clarify the molecular mechanism of two traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions of climacteric syndrome. Based on oral availability and drug similarity, the main active components of Erzhi Pill and Erxian Decoction were screened through the platform of traditional Chinese medicine system pharmacology. The target database of climacteric syndrome was established by using GENECARD, OMIM, PharmGKB, Targets and Drugbank. The “component – target” network diagram was constructed using Cytoscape software (version 3.8.2). Topology analysis, module analysis, and GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were used to explore the core target and action pathway of Erzhi Pill-Erxian Decoction for treating climacteric syndrome of same disease with different treatments. There were 16 active components and 103 corresponding targets found in Erzhi Pill; 69 active components and 121 corresponding targets were found in Erxian Decoction; and 100 potential targets were found in Erzhi Pill and Erxian Decoction. Through network analysis, topology and module analysis, TP53, AKT1, Jun, ESR1, IL1B, CASP3, MMP9, PTGS2, HIF1A, MYC and EGFR could be considered as potential targets of the 2 prescriptions for alleviating climacteric syndrome. The effects of Erzhi pill and Erxian Decoction on climacteric syndrome are mainly in the pathway of lipid and atherosclerosis, AGE-RAGE signaling pathway and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway in diabetic complications. The active components in Erzhi Pill - Erxian Decoction, such as quercetin, show considerable potential as a candidate drug for the treatment of climacteric syndrome.
Effectiveness and safety of traditional herbal medicine on cardiac arrhythmic condition: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control clinical trial
Authors: Ahn Jae-yoon , Chu Hongmin , Leem Jungtae , Yun Jong-Min
Published: June 2024

Introduction:

The prevalence of cardiac arrhythmia, which can lead to cardiac death, heart failure, and cardioembolic stroke, is increasing. Although various Western medicines for cardiac arrhythmias have been developed, there are still various difficulties in the management of arrhythmias. Traditional herbal medicines (THM) are widely used to manage arrhythmia in East Asia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of THM in the treatment of arrhythmia.

Method:

Using a systematic review methodology, we searched for randomized clinical trials on herbal medicines for arrhythmia without complications in 4 databases up to September 2022. The literature search was carried out again, targeting papers published until April 2024.We conducted a risk-of-bias assessment and meta-analysis. This study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.

Results:

Eighty-two randomized clinical trials were included in this meta-analysis. Total effective rate was significantly better in unspecified arrhythmia (risk ratio [RR]: 1.20, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13–1.26), premature ventricular contraction (RR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.29–1.33), sinus bradycardia (RR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.17–1.36), tachycardia (RR: 1.23 95% CI: 1.15–1.32), and atrial fibrillation (RR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.07–1.27). No severe adverse events were associated with THM. The overall risk of bias was relatively high. The total effective rate was the most frequently assessed clinical outcome variable. Most outcomes were surrogates and not clinical endpoints.

Conclusion:

THM, alone or in combination with Western medicine, has therapeutic effects on cardiac arrhythmic diseases. However, additional disease-specific clinical outcome variables are required for further studies on THM. Owing to the low quality of the included studies and their small sample sizes, additional large-scale, long-term follow-up, and well-designed randomized controlled clinical trials are required.

Systematic review registration number:

Details of the protocol for this systematic review and meta-analysis were registered on the Open Science Framework (OSF. io). (https://osf.io/7r8kn/).
Favorable liver and skeletal muscle changes in patients with MASLD and T2DM receiving glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Kakegawa Tatsuya , Sugimoto Katsutoshi , Saito Kazuhiro , Yunaiyama Daisuke , Araki Yoichi , Wada Takuya , Takahashi Hiroshi , Yoshimasu Yu , Takeuchi Hirohito , Itoi Takao
Published: June 2024

To investigate changes in skeletal muscle mass and fat fraction in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) undergoing treatment with Semaglutide for 6months. This single-arm pilot study included 21 patients with MASLD who received semaglutide for T2DM. Body weight, metabolic parameters, liver enzymes, fibrosis markers, skeletal muscle index (cm2/m2), and fat fraction (%) at the L3 level using the two-point Dixon method on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as well as liver steatosis and liver stiffness assessed using MRI-based proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF) and MR elastography, respectively, were prospectively examined before and 6 months after semaglutide administration. The mean age of the patients was 53 years and 47.6% were females. The median liver steatosis-fraction (%) and skeletal muscle steatosis-fraction values (%) significantly decreased (22.0 vs 12.0; P = .0014) and (12.8 vs 9.9; P = .0416) at baseline and 6 months, respectively, while maintaining muscle mass during treatment. Semaglutide also dramatically reduced hemoglobin A1c (%) (6.8 vs 5.8, P = .0003), AST (IU/L) (54 vs 26, P < .0001), ALT (IU/L) (80 vs 34, P = .0004), and γ-GTP (IU/L) levels (64 vs 34, P = .0007). Although not statistically significant, Body weight (kg) (79.9 vs 77.4), body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2) (28.9 vs 27.6), and liver stiffness (kPa) (28.9 vs 27.6) showed a decreasing trend. Fibrosis markers such as M2BPGi, type IV collagen, and skeletal muscle area did not differ. Semaglutide demonstrated favorable effects on liver and skeletal muscle steatosis, promoting improved liver function and diabetic status.
Severe pneumocranium after gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery for brain metastasis: A case report and literature review
Authors: Chen Paul J. , Lin Hung-Lin
Published: June 2024

Rationale:

Gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery (GKRS) is a recognized safe and effective treatment for brain metastasis; however, some complications can present significant clinical challenges. This case report highlights a rare occurrence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage and pneumocranium following GKRS, emphasizing the need for awareness and prompt management of these complications.

Patient concerns:

A 35-year-old male with a history of malignant neoplasm of the lip in 2015 and perineural spread of malignancy into the left cavernous sinus was treated with GKRS in 2017. The patient was admitted emergently 39 days after discharge due to persistent headache and dizziness.

Diagnoses:

Brain computed tomography (CT) revealed diffuse bilateral pneumocranium alongside an observation of CSF leakage.

Interventions:

A surgical procedure involving a left frontal-temporal craniotomy was performed to excise a residual skull base tumor and repair the dura, guided by a navigator system. The conclusive pathological assessment revealed the presence of squamous cell carcinoma markers.

Outcomes:

The patient exhibited excellent tolerance to the entire procedure and experienced a prompt and uneventful recovery process. After surgery, the symptoms alleviated and CSF leak stopped. The follow-up image showed the pneumocranium resolved.

Lessons:

Pneumocranium due to early-stage post-GKRS is uncommon. The rapid tumor shrinkage and timing of brain metastasis spreading through the dura can lead to CSF leak and pneumocranium. We reviewed current treatment options and presented a successful craniotomy-based dura repair case.
Intestinal T-cell lymphomas NOS presenting as a polypoidal lesion: A case report
Authors: Bi Hanxin , Bai Junfang , Wang Limei , Liang Cong , Wu Ying
Published: June 2024

Rationale:

Intestinal T-cell lymphomas are exceedingly rare diseases. Intestinal T-cell lymphoma NOS, as a “wastebasket” category, is difficult to diagnosis. Endoscopy can identify abnormal mucosa in most patients at a reasonably early stage. Therefore, it is crucial to increase the understanding of endoscopists in terms of the endoscopic characteristics of ITCL.

Patient concerns:

A 74‐year‐old male alone with wasting as the major complaint, had multiple polypoid lesions in the large intestine. The patient then had endoscopic care.

Diagnoses:

Only 1 polypoid lesion on white-light endoscopy in the sigmoid colon was pathologically diagnosed as intestinal T-cell lymphomas, not otherwise specified (ITCL-NOS).

Interventions:

The patient underwent intensity-reduced CHOP therapy.

Outcomes:

The patient is still with controlled disease but developed chemotherapy-related side effects.

Lessons:

In the individual with unexplained anemia and waste, endoscopy should not be delayed. For each of polypoid lesion on white-light endoscopy, the endoscopist need to remain cautious, because every lesion in the same patient can exhibit the independence of histopathological features. Meanwhile, we suggest that endoscopists should routinely observe the terminal ileum, even take biopsy samples if necessary.
Global research progress on radiofrequency ablation in cardiology: A bibliometric analysis (2004–2023)
Authors: Liang Mei , Zhang Jing , Li Guohui , Wang Pengyu
Published: June 2024

In recent years, significant advancements in radiofrequency ablation technology have notably enhanced arrhythmia treatment in cardiology. Technological advancements and increasing clinical adoption have made radiofrequency ablation a key therapy in improving life quality for patients with conditions like atrial fibrillation (AF). Consequently, there has been a marked increase in research output, underscoring the technology’s significance and its potential in cardiology. Aims to comprehensively analyze cardiology’s radiofrequency ablation research trends, identifying leading countries and institutions in international collaborations, key researchers’ contributions, and evolving research hotspots. The study, based on the Web of Science Core Collection database, reviewed the literatures from 2004 to 2023. CiteSpace 6.2.R7 Basic was used for bibliometric analysis, which examined annual publication trends, international collaboration networks, key authors, leading research institutions, major journals, keyword co-occurrence and clustering trends. Analyzing 3423 relevant articles, this study reveals a consistent growth in cardiology radiofrequency ablation research since 2004. The analysis shows that the United States, Germany, and France hold central roles in the international collaboration network, with leading authors from premier US and European institutions. Keyword cluster analysis identifies “atrial flutter” and “ventricular tachycardia” as current research focal points. Cardiology radiofrequency ablation research shows a growth trend, led by the United States and European countries. Research hotspots are concentrated on the diverse applications of radiofrequency ablation technology and the treatment of AF. Future studies may increasingly focus on technological innovation and the deepening of clinical applications.
Meta-analysis of the efficacy of Er Chen Tang in the adjuvant treatment of obesity: A study protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lv Xueyan , Kang Xingyu
Published: June 2024

Objective:

To systematically evaluate the efficacy of Er Chen Tang in the adjuvant treatment of obesity.

Methods:

A computerized search of databases such as CNKI, Wanfang, Wipro, EMBase, Web of Science, PubMed, and Cochrane Library was performed to collect randomized controlled trials on the application of Er Cheng Tang for the treatment of obesity and to track the references included in the literature, with a timeframe from the establishment of the library to October 2023 for the searches. After selection of trials, extraction of information and assessment of methodological quality were done independently by 2 evaluators, meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software and the quality of evidence was evaluated using the Cochrane system.

Results:

Six studies were included, with a total of 438 study participants. They were randomized into trial and control groups. The total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, body mass index, and visceral fat area values before treatment were compared between the 2 groups, and the differences were not statistically significant (all P > .05). After treatment, the indicators of the experimental group were significantly better than those of the control group, and the differences were all statistically significant (P < .05).

Conclusion:

The adjuvant treatment of obesity with Er Chen Tang can improve the symptoms faster and is favorable to the reduction of various risk indicators. However, due to the lack of high-quality literature, the theoretical support of large-sample double-blind randomized trials is still needed in the future.