bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Leszek Lewandowicz na czele Centralnego Archiwum Wojskowego 1955-1975
Authors: Roman Wanda Krystyna
Published: February 2025

Płk Leszek Lewandowicz po raz pierwszy został skierowany do służby w Centralnym Archiwum Wojskowym w 1946 r. Od 1947 r. do 1955 r. związany był służbowo z archiwum Głównego Zarządu Informacji Wojska Polskiego. Mianowany w 1955 r. szefem Centralnego Archiwum Wojskowego był nim aż do przejścia w stan spoczynku w 1975 r. Nie posiadając specjalistycznego, archiwistycznego wykształcenia ani wcześniejszego doświadczenia w kierowaniu samodzielną instytucją, spędził dwadzieścia lat na stanowisku szefa archiwum w trudnych czasach w dziejach państwa polskiego. Był to bezprecedensowy okres, kiedy archiwalia wojskowe wykorzystywano na wyjątkową skalę jako narzędzie do represji politycznych wobec przedwrześniowych oficerów i żołnierzy Wojska Polskiego oraz uczestników podziemia niepodległościowego związanego z rządem na emigracji. Jednocześnie wypracowywano podstawy organizacyjne CAW oraz podstawowe zasady postępowania z wojskowym zasobem archiwalnym, w czym miał Lewandowicz osobisty udział. Należy podkreślić silne umocowanie jego osoby w strukturach Głównego Zarządu Informacji Wojska Polskiego oraz Polskiej Zjednoczonej Partii Robotniczej, dzięki któremu stała się możliwa realizacja jego osobistych ambicji wyniesienia archiwum wojskowego na wysoką pozycję w środowisku archiwalnym ówczesnej Polski. Szef CAW postawił na rozwój kadry naukowej, prace badawcze w dziedzinie archiwalnej oraz popularyzację archiwaliów wojskowych. W oparciu o zespół współpracowników oraz sprzyjające mu władze zwierzchnie zbudował CAW prawie od postaw i zrealizował wizję centralnego, historycznego archiwum wojskowego oraz dostrzeganej i docenianej placówki naukowej. Oprócz sprawnie działającej instytucji pozostawił niewielki dorobek naukowy.
Pudłowski, Leszek. Antropologia archiwum w Stanach Zjednoczonych. Zarys dziejów archiwistyki i zarządzania dokumentacją w latach 1774–1949, Warszawa: Naczelna Dyrekcja Archiwów Państwowych, 2024
Authors: Krawczuk Wojciech
Published: February 2025

Recenzja książki: Pudłowski, Leszek. Antropologia archiwum w Stanach Zjednoczonych. Zarys dziejów archiwistyki i zarządzania dokumentacją w latach 1774–1949, Warszawa: Naczelna Dyrekcja Archiwów Państwowych, 2024.
Construir a un presidente: redes personales y partidarias del kirchnerismo en Córdoba, Entre Ríos y Santa Fe (2003)
Authors: RAMOS Hugo Daniel
Published: February 2025

El presente trabajo analiza las redes de apoyo y construcción política que sostuvieron la candidatura de Néstor Kirchner para las elecciones presidenciales del año 2003 en Córdoba, Entre Ríos y Santa Fe, provincias que representan cerca del 20 % del padrón electoral nacional. Aunque existen algunos trabajos que analizan al kirchnerismo a nivel subnacional, todavía no se ha indagado de forma suficiente y de forma comparada la importancia relativa de los distintos tipos de redes que contribuyeron a que el candidato obtuviera el segundo lugar en la contienda nacional y lograra, posteriormente, acceder a la presidencia. Asimismo, el artículo señala la importancia de las relaciones amicales y personales a la hora de hacer política en Argentina, aspecto que hasta el momento ha sido poco explorado. La investigación que sustenta el artículo parte de un enfoque cualitativo y se basó en el análisis de noticias periodísticas de medios gráficos de Córdoba, Santa Fe y Entre Ríos —entre diciembre de 2002 y abril de 2003— y 10 (diez) entrevistas personales semiestructuradas, realizadas a militantes kirchneristas y peronistas de Santa Fe y Entre Ríos. Para Córdoba se recuperó, además, investigaciones previas que han abordado a profundidad el caso provincial.
La investigación que sustenta el artículo parte de un enfoque cualitativo y se basó en el análisis de noticias periodísticas de medios gráficos de Córdoba, Santa Fe y Entre Ríos del período diciembre 2002-abril 2003 y 10 (diez) entrevistas personales semiestructuradas realizadas a militantes kirchneristas y peronistas de Santa Fe y Entre Ríos. Para Córdoba recuperamos además investigaciones previas que han abordado en profundidad el caso provincial.
Gabriel García Márquez: resguardar la vida secreta de la creación manipulando la verdad del pacto autobiográfico
Authors: Moreno Blanco Juan
Published: February 2025

En este trabajo, nos proponemos, en primer lugar, demostrar la manipulación que el autor hizo del pacto autobiográfico y, en segundo lugar, señalar la razón de ese empeño: el ocultamiento de las circunstancias bilingües y biculturales que desde la infancia del cataquero dotaron su literatura de un importante tenor autobiográfico y transcultural. Como corolario lógico, y un tanto paradójico, postularemos que una de las fuentes inspiradoras de la ficción literaria de García Márquez es la verdad de la vida secreta que el autor mismo quiso ocultar con su artífico manipulador.
Relación entre determinados usos de la inteligencia artificial y los riesgos psicosociales en entornos laborales europeos
Authors: Payá Castiblanque Raúl , Pizzi Alejandro
Published: February 2025

Introducción: Examinar la relación entre el uso de la inteligencia artificial (IA) para evaluar y controlar el rendimiento laboral y los riesgos psicosociales, así como los daños a la salud asociados en el medio laboral europeo.
Método: Estudio transversal con los microdatos de la encuesta de 2022 “Occupational Safety and Health in Post-Pandemic Workplaces (Flash Eurobarometer)” (EU-OSHA) con 27252 participantes. Tras seleccionar 12 variables dicotómicas dependientes (riesgos psicosociales y daños a la salud) y la presencia de IA y sus usos para la supervisión y valoración del rendimiento de los trabajadores como variables independientes, se calcularon las odds ratio crudas (ORc) y ajustadas (ORa) por covariables sociodemográficas, y sus correspondientes intervalos de confianza del 95% (IC95%) mediante modelos de regresión logística.
Resultados: Cuando la IA es utilizada para supervisar o controlar el rendimiento individual aumenta la presión temporal y la sobrecarga de trabajo (ORa=1.5;IC95%:1.3-1.7), se reduce la autonomía o influencia sobre los procesos de trabajo (ORa=2.2;IC95%:2.1-2.3) y se erosiona la comunicación o cooperación dentro de la organización (ORa=1.5;IC95%:1.4-1.6). También, incrementa la probabilidad de referir estrés, depresión o ansiedad (ORa=1.5;IC95%:1.4-1.5) y accidentes o lesiones (ORa=1.7;IC95%:1.6-1.8).
Conclusiones: La IA como "supervisor digital" aumenta la exposición a riesgos psicosociales y la probabilidad de sufrir daños a la salud. Esto destaca la importancia de considerar el bienestar de las personas trabajadoras junto con la eficiencia económica al implementar IA en la organización del trabajo. Estos resultados pueden guiar políticas laborales para equilibrar la optimización de procesos con entornos laborales saludables mediante el diálogo social.
Sección de Medicina del Trabajo de la Unión Europea de Médicos Especialistas (UEMS)
Authors: Rodríguez-Jareño Maria Cruz
Published: February 2025

Durante la primera reunión del 2024 de la Sección de Medicina del Trabajo de la UEMS, se invitó a tres organizaciones europeas (ETUC, Business Europe y la Agencia Europea para la Seguridad y la Salud en el Trabajo), procediéndose a una puesta en común sobre los principales desafíos actuales en materia de Salud Laboral, y sobre el potencial de colaboración entre todos ellos y sus respectivas expectativas.
La desinfección en industria alimentaria: generación de ácidos haloacéticos totales clorados consecuencia de malas praxis en higiene industrial
Authors: Garrido Arias Borja
Published: February 2025

La desinfección industrial, en el ámbito de la higiene industrial como especialidad regulada por la prevención de riesgos laborales, está propiciando alteraciones de alimentos y aguas por la generación de compuestos con categorías de toxicidad elevadas para consumo humano (ácidos haloacéticos totales) cuando los procedimientos no son del todo adecuados a cada situación. El uso de biocidas oxidantes como al ácido peracético en los circuitos Clean in Place (CIP) combinado con otros biocidas halogenados (sales del ácido hipocloroso y cloraminas en sus distintas formas moleculares), si no se realizan de forma adecuada, propician la generación de estos compuestos con las graves consecuencias económicas y de salud pública en general. Se pretende con el presente artículo fomentar una gestión integral del riesgo entre los distintos departamentos, considerando la experiencia, aportaciones y sinergia del técnico superior de prevención de riesgos laborales en los procesos productivos en cuestión.
Afrontamiento de los errores clínicos durante la formación médica especializada: el fenómeno de la segunda víctima
Authors: Valer Monterde Óscar , Aibar Remón Carlos
Published: February 2025

Introduction: The consequences of medical errors extend beyond the affected patient, impacting both the professionals involved and the institutions where they occur. The aim of this study was to analyze incidents related to patient safety involving medical residents, the repercussions on their health as second victims, the support received, and possible associated factors. 
Method: Cross-sectional study using an online survey distributed in January 2023 to all medical residents at two hospitals in Zaragoza, through their graduate medical education committees. A descriptive and inferential analysis was carried out using parametric and non-parametric tests. 
Results: All 43 (10.2% response rate) residents who participated had had at least one incident related to patient safety, and 9.3% reported more than one adverse event, being higher in more senior residents (p=0.01). The most frequent symptoms and manifestations as a second victim were anxiety, doubts regarding clinical decisions, hypervigilance, fatigue and guilt. The perceived probability of receiving support after a clinical error was higher in residents in medical specialties than those in surgical specialties (p=0.002), and 20.9% indicated not receiving any support following a clinical error.
Conclusions: Clinical errors are a significant concern for medical trainees and require actions at multiple levels. This includes enhanced training in patient safety and error management, as well as establishing peer and specialized support plans for the professionals involved, where occupational health services should play a relevant role.
The Transitions programme: creating a safe space for reflection and development of newly qualified nurses
Authors: Toner Alison , Gilfedder Stephanie
Published: February 2025

Background/Aims

The Transitions programme was a 1-year initiative designed to support the transition from student to registered nurse. This study aimed to evaluate the experiences of newly qualified nurses who participated in the Transitions programme.

Methods

An anonymous online questionnaire was sent to newly qualified nurses who took part in the Transitions programme to gather qualitative data around their experiences, benefits and limitations of the programme. Of 26 newly qualified mental health nurse participants, 12 (46') responded to the 12-month evaluation quesionnaire.

Results

Data were presented using the authentic narratives of the newly qualified nurses, collated into the following themes: benefits, support, personal and professional growth, barriers and suggestions for improving the programme in the future.

Conclusions

A reflective programme that supports the transition from student to staff nurse is essential and valuable to enable the personal and professional growth of these nurses.
Youth mental health crisis
Authors: Hashimi Samina
Published: February 2025

In this editorial, the editor discusses the rise in mental health issues among children and young people, exploring possible causes and proposed solutions.
Progressive bacterial synergistic gangrene (Meleney's gangrene): a rare case
Authors: Bilgen Fatma , Ural Alper , Bekerecioglu Mehmet
Published: February 2025

Meleney's gangrene, also known as progressive bacterial synergistic gangrene, is a type of necrotising fasciitis. It is believed that it arises from synergistic effects of multiple bacterial agents, hence its name. In this case report, we present a non-surgical treatment approach of lower extremity Meleney's gangrene. A 32-year-old female patient was found to have a necrotic wound measuring 10×2cm on the inferior-lateral aspect of the thigh. A pouch of approximately 30×30cm was found on the subcutaneous deep muscle layer, extending to both anterior and posterior thigh. Effective treatment modalities can be implemented only if early diagnosis of this unique type of gangrene is possible. Therefore, Meleney's gangrene should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of subcutaneous soft tissue infections.
Wound management in end-stage dermatomyositis: a case report
Authors: Bassett James , Back Warren , Simman Richard
Published: February 2025

Little has been written about the challenges in wound healing presented by rare cases of dermatomyositis (DM) complicated by glucocorticoid use. The authors explore the clinical presentation of a 60-year-old female patient with end-stage DM, chronic steroid use and delayed wound healing, requiring surgical debridement of wounds and extensive calcification removal. Her atypical presentation—lacking some of the characteristic dermal and antibody findings—is described, while also highlighting calcification and wound trials that complicated management. The underlying pathophysiology of effects on capillary networks is discussed, as well as the effectiveness of various treatment modalities, including steroids, antimetabolites and biologics, some of which were used. The report concludes with opportunities for future study on the disease's complex mechanisms.
Simplification and Empirical Verification of Learning Styles Index for Indonesian Students
Authors: Uletika Niko Siameva , Hartono Budi , Wijayanto Titis
Published: February 2025

This article investigates the adoption, simplification, and usage recommendations of the Indonesian Index of Learning Style Short Form (ILS-SF). The aim is to refine the initial Indonesian ILS, compare the suitability between engineering/non-engineering and high school/university, and assess their learning styles. The participants were 678 students (413 females), with an average age of 19.4±1.92 years. The methods used in this study were adopting the existing Indonesian version of ILS, simplifying–reducing the number of items, empirical verification (validity and reliability), and Indonesia data assessment. The results show that the original ILS could be simplified without sacrificing the quality of the model. On the contrary, validity and reliability measures have increased. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) supports a reduction from 44 to 15 items. It confirms the validity with favorable indices such as CFI (0.972), TLI (0.966), RMSEA (0.021), SRMR (0.049), and GFI (0.999)—Active-Reflective Cronbach's alpha at 0.507, Sensing-Intuitive at 0.590, and Visual-Verbal at 0.553. Indonesian ILS-SF is faster, simpler, more suitable for engineering than non-engineering, and more ideal for undergraduate than high school students. The analysis revealed that sensory (40.2%), active (18%), and visual (10.2%) preferences dominate among Indonesian students. This study highlights assessment tools tailored to diverse educational contexts.
NEO-CHONDROGENESIS USING AUTOLOGOUS MATRIX-INDUCED MEMBRANE (AMIC) IN THE TREATMENT OF FREIBERG'S DISEASE OF LESSER METATARSALS: UP TO SEVEN-YEAR FOLLOW-UP RESULTS
Authors: Koshy George , Rajeev Aysha , Devalia Kailash
Published: February 2025

Background

Freibergs infraction is osteonecrosis of lesser metatarsal heads, most commonly affecting adolescent females. They usually present with pain and swelling of the forefoot. Surgical options include open debridement, cheilectomy, micro fracture osteotomy and excision arthroplasty. The aim of the study is to present the results of our surgical method based on the principle of neo-angiogenesis, neo-osteogenesis and neo-chondrogenesis with bone grafting and AMIC membrane application for Freiberg's disease of lesser metatarsals.

Methods

A prospective analysis of twelve patients who had Freiberg's infraction of the lesser toe metatarsals treated with open debridement, microfracture, bone grafting and application of AMIC membrane was carried out. The patients were followed up to seven years and the outcome measures were scored using Smillie's classification, radiological findings and the Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOxFQ).

Results

There were 9 (75%) female and 3(25%) male patients. The mean age was 42.7 years (range- 19 to 60). The mean follow-up time was 6.6 years. The most common site was second metatarsal, ten (83%) followed by third metatarsal, two (17%). According to Smillie's classification three lesions were labelled as Stage 3 and ten as Stage 4. There were no postoperative infections. None of the patients needed any further surgical intervention.

The mean base line MOxFQ was 43.75 (SD- 43.75±12.40) which improved to 7.19(SD-7.18±4.63) the mean baseline EQ-5D improved from 7.85 (SD-7.85±5.08) to1.39(SD-1.39±0.75) at the final follow up. 80 % of the patients had complete remodelling of the head of metatarsal at the final follow up radiology.

Conclusions

Open debridement of the Freiberg\'s disease combined with microfracture of the defect, bone grafting and application of AMIC membrane gives good long term functional outcomes.
GRAVITATIONAL STRESS VIEWS OVERESTIMATE ANKLE INSTABILITY AND MAY COMMIT PATIENTS TO UNNECESSARY SURGERY: A PROSPECTIVE SERIES WITH TEN-YEAR FOLLOW-UP
Authors: Heinz Nicholas , Hanif Hamzah , Bugler Kate , Duckworth Andrew , White Timothy
Published: February 2025

Background

Distinguishing stable from unstable ankle fractures is key to successful ankle fracture management. Gravitational stress views (GSV) may be a convenient and less painful alternative to manual stress testing. The aim of this study was to assess whether this test accurately predicts ankle instability.

Methods

Patients presenting to a single trauma centre between 2011 and 2013 with an isolated fibula fracture and a an anatomically-aligned mortise on initial plain film radiographs were reviewed. After initial x-ray, patients underwent a gravity stress view. Measurements from plain film radiographs were recorded and analysed. Electronic case notes and National Imaging Archives were reviewed retrospectively at a minimum of 10 years post-injury. Patients were contacted to complete patient reported outcome measures (PROMS).

Results

One-hundred and forty-two (142) patients met the inclusion criteria and were included in the study. Mean initial film medial clear space (MCS) measurement was 3.46mm (1.0 to 6.0) compared to GSV MCS that was 4.9mm (2.0 to 8.8) (p<0.001). No patient underwent surgery and all patients had successful conservative management with anatomical union seen at their 6 week radiograph. No patient returned with a complication related to their ankle fracture during the follow-up period. With a MCS acquired from GSV of >5mm, 65 patients would have undergone unnecessary surgical intervention. At MCS of >6mm, 26 patients would have undergone surgery unnecessarily and at a MCS of >7mm 10 patients would have had unnecessary surgery. To date, 50 patients have provided PROMs. Mean Olerud and Molander Score (OMAS) at 10 years was 86.63 (SD 23.27, 95% CI 79.47 – 93.79), Manchester Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOXFQ) was 79.41 (SD 32.94, 95% CI 69.39 – 89.42) and Euroqol-5D-3L was 0.86 (SD0.22, 95% CI 0.79 – 0.93).

Conclusion

Stress views may over-diagnose instability in patients with an isolated fibula fracture in an otherwise normal initial radiograph.
FIFTH METATARSAL FRACTURE PATTERN MAPPING AND ASSOCIATED OUTCOMES: AN OBSERVATIONAL COHORT STUDY
Authors: Gomaa Abdul-Rahman , Apata-Omisore Jejelola , Aslam Shahjahan , Marsh Luke , Paramasivan Arjun , Ward Nicholas , Galhoum Ahmed , Mason Lyndon
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Fifth metatarsal fractures have been regularly classified by zones, with the description of a Jones fracture commonly being misrepresented. The aim of this study was to map the fracture patterns across the entire metatarsal shaft, and correlate with their outcomes.

Methods

A historic cohort study was completed of all fifth metatarsal fractures presenting to our unit between February 2016 – July 2021. Fracture patterns were individually mapped and designated as zone 1-shaft, including designation of fractures which bridge each zone (zone 1–2 etc). Fracture patterns were cumulatively combined using GNU Image Manipulation Program to show the combined fracture map patterns per outcome. The clinical notes were examined to assess patient outcome.

Results

1331 fractures were included in this study and presented graphically as fracture maps by outcome. The number of fractures which did not propagate across more than 1 zone was 78.59% (1046/1331). The fracture type which had the highest rate of discharge at VFC without reattendance was Zone 1 fractures (360/519, 69.36%), with the lowest being fractures where the fracture spanned zone 1-shaft (p<0.001).

The total number of fractures that underwent surgery was 1.35% (18/1331). The fracture pattern which had the highest rate of surgical intervention was a fracture that spanned zone 2–3 (5/43, 11.63%) followed by a fracture that spanned zone 1–3 (1/11, 9.9%).

The number of appointments given to patients ranged from discharged from VFC to 7 face to face appointments. The patients with the lowest discharge rate prior to 4 appointments was zone 2–3.

Conclusions

In our series, almost a quarter of fractures spanned across the previously described fracture zones. This would explain the low inter-observer rating in previous studies. The classic Jones fracture would span zones 2/3, which in our series had the highest rate requiring surgery and lowest rate of discharge before 4 appointments.
Transcriptomic analysis of iPSC-derived endothelium reveals adaptations to high altitude hypoxia in energy metabolism and inflammation
Authors: Gray Olivia A. , Witonsky David B. , Jousma Jordan , Sobreira Débora R. , Van Alstyne Alexander , Huang Ru-Ting , Fang Yun , Di Rienzo Anna
Published: February 2025

Tibetan adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia remains a classic example of Darwinian selection in humans. Amongst Tibetan populations, alleles in the EPAS1 gene - whose protein product, HIF-2α, is a central regulator of the hypoxia response - have repeatedly been shown to carry some of the strongest signals of positive selection in humans. However, selective sweep signals alone may only account for some of the phenotypes that differentiate high-altitude adapted populations from closely related lowlanders. Therefore, there is a pressing need to functionally probe adaptive alleles and their impact at both the locus-specific and genome-wide levels and across cell types to uncover the full range of beneficial traits. To this end, we established a library of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from Tibetan and Han Chinese individuals, a robust model system allowing precise exploration of allelic effects on transcriptional responses, and we differentiated them into vascular endothelium. Using this system, we focus first on a hypoxia-dependent enhancer (ENH5) that contributes to the regulation of EPAS1 to investigate its locus-specific effects in endothelium. Then, to cast a wider net, we harness the same experimental system to compare the transcriptome of Tibetan and Han Chinese cells in hypoxia and find evidence that angiogenesis, energy metabolism and immune pathways differ between these two populations with different histories of long-term residence at high altitude. Coupled with evidence of polygenic adaptations targeting the same pathways, these results suggests that the observed transcriptional differences between the two populations were shaped by natural selection.
Olympic combat sports and mental health in children and adolescents with disability: A protocol paper for systematic review
Authors: Lee Youngjun , Capranica Laura , Pesce Caterina , Guidotti Flavia , Benzing Valentin , Hauck Janet , Ciaccioni Simone
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Mental health is important for children and adolescents, particularly those with disabilities. While the mental health advantages of sports participation are well-documented, the specific type of sport may have heightened relevance for children and adolescents with disabilities. The objective of this systematic review protocol is to outline the rationale and methodology for investigating how participation in Olympic combat sports influences the mental health outcomes of this unique population, which is more susceptible to developing mental health issues than their neurotypical counterparts.

Methods and analysis

A comprehensive search will be conducted across academic databases, including the Cochrane Library, ERIC, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science. The focus will be on identifying randomized and non-randomized controlled trials (RCTs and non-RCTs, respectively), and observational studies with control groups that explore the impact of Olympic combat sports on the mental health of children and adolescents with disabilities. To assess the risk of bias, the Rob 2.0 tool will be employed for RCTs, and the ROBINS-I tool for CTs. For longitudinal and cross-sectional studies, the National Institute of Health’s Study Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-sectional Studies will be used. The review process will be conducted using Covidence, possibly utilizing JASP software for meta-analysis if the retrieved studies exhibit sufficient homogeneity. Data that cannot be included in the meta-analysis will be synthesized using the Synthesis without Meta-Analysis (SWiM) tool. Furthermore, the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) will provide a framework consisting of five broad domains: intervention characteristics, outer setting, inner setting, characteristics of individuals, and the process of implementation.
Enhancing machine learning performance in cardiac surgery ICU: Hyperparameter optimization with metaheuristic algorithm
Authors: Bahrami Ali , Rakhshaninejad Morteza , Ghousi Rouzbeh , Atashi Alireza
Published: February 2025

The healthcare industry is generating a massive volume of data, promising a potential goldmine of information that can be extracted through machine learning (ML) techniques. The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stands out as a focal point within hospitals and provides a rich source of data for informative analyses. This study examines the cardiac surgery ICU, where the vital topic of patient ventilation takes center stage. In other words, ventilator-supported breathing is a fundamental need within the ICU, and the limited availability of ventilators in hospitals has become a significant issue. A crucial consideration for healthcare professionals in the ICU is prioritizing patients who require ventilators immediately. To address this issue, we developed a prediction model using four ML and deep learning (DL) models—LDA, CatBoost, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), and XGBoost—that are combined in an ensemble model. We utilized Simulated Annealing (SA) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) to tune the hyperparameters of the ML models constructing the ensemble. The results showed that our approach enhanced the sensitivity of the tuned ensemble model to 85.84%, which are better than the results of the ensemble model without hyperparameter tuning and those achieved using AutoML model. This significant improvement in model performance underscores the effectiveness of our hybrid approach in prioritizing the need for ventilators among ICU patients.
Implementation and first report of the Brazilian Kidney Biopsy Registry
Authors: Noronha Irene L. , Ramalho Rodrigo José , Oliveira Claudia Maria Costa de , Bahiense-Oliveira Marilia , Barbosa Fabricio Augusto Marques , Barros Neto Jose de Resende , Mitsuoka Ronny , Vieira-Neto Osvaldo Merege , Neves Precil Diego Miranda de Menezes ,   on behalf of the Brazilian Kidney Biopsy Registry Working Group
Published: February 2025

Background

Kidney biopsy registries are valuable tools for guiding clinical practice and developing health policies. In 2021, the Brazilian Society of Nephrology (SBN) created the Brazilian Kidney Biopsy Registry (BKBR). This is the first BKBR report, presenting patient data from 2021.

Methods

BKBR is a web-based platform hosted on the BSN website, which contains patient demographics, clinical data, frequency, and distribution of histologic diagnosis of Brazilian adult native kidney biopsies.

Results

Of the 1012 cases registered in 2021, 954 cases were evaluated after excluding pediatric and kidney transplant cases. Twenty-one centers enrolled patients, with representation from all Brazilian regions. There was a slight predominance of females (52.6%), a mean age of 44.7 ± 16 years, and 13.6% of patients were >65 years old. The main indication for kidney biopsy was renal dysfunction (56%) and nephrotic syndrome (41.4%), respectively. At the time of the biopsy, 47.9% of the patients were hypertensive and 15.2% were diabetic. Although 66.2% of patients had eGFR ≤60ml/min/1.73m2 upon biopsy, the majority (60.2%) had mild interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy. The most frequent diagnosis in the BKBR was glomerular disease (74.8%). Lupus nephritis was the most frequent diagnosis of glomerular disease (22.6%), followed by IgA nephropathy (13%) and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (12.2%).

Conclusion

This is the first report of a Nationwide registry of kidney biopsies in Brazil. This data provides pivotal information about the kidney disease profile in this country with continental dimensions.
Assessment of potential dominant factors for brownfield landscape regeneration: A case study in Xi’an, China
Authors: Wei Xia , Maruthaveeran Sreetheran , Shahidan Mohd Fairuz , Sha Tao
Published: February 2025

Rapid global urbanization has made brownfield reuse a vital issue for sustainable urban development. However, the regeneration of brownfield landscapes is a complex and lengthy process that requires a combination of factors to be considered. Their landscape regeneration must be planned and prioritized to utilize brownfield sites and achieve positive social benefits. Therefore, an urgent need must be established to establish an assessment framework and system for various types of brownfield landscape regeneration dominant factors to find different brownfield landscape regeneration dominant factors. This research developed an assessment model using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), covering five brownfield types: industrial, mining, military, transportation, and landfill in Xi’an, China. The potential assessment factors in three levels were analyzed for weighting to explore the dominant factors for the potential regeneration of brownfield landscapes in Xi’an. The results showed that, firstly, among the five first-level assessment factors, the physicality factor was the most important. Secondly, among the 16 second-level factors, the spatial and physical features of the visual landscape were the most critical. Finally, among the 40 three-level factors, spatial features were the primary factor. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to provide a specific assessment system and data analysis methods and ideas for the dominant factors of urban brownfield landscape regeneration in China and other regions based on the assessment framework with strong adaptability proposed by the AHP method, which can be flexibly adapted in the different areas and countries, to realize the sustainable development of cities in various regions.
Removal of sulfate pollutant from different samples of a river water using nanozeolite technology, case study: Gamasiab River, Iran
Authors: Rezaei Amin , Babazadeh Hossein , Khosrojerdi Amir , Sarai-Tabrizi Mahdi
Published: February 2025

Human activities significantly impact on river water quality as a crucial water source. A study in the Gamasiab River analyzed samples from 16 points at three time periods, assessing element concentrations. The most polluted station was identified using spectrophotometric testing and treated with natural and modified zeolite nanoparticles for purification. Various acid and base combinations modified the nanoparticles, optimizing their effectiveness as adsorbents through tests under different conditions. Utilizing the Design Expert model, theoretical adsorption values were determined based on pH and adsorbent-pollutant ratio. The modified samples demonstrated 77% efficiency with 0.2 molar nitric and sulfuric acid. Interaction studies showed how phosphate and nitrate ions affected sulfate adsorption. Optimal adsorption conditions were defined at pH = 9.6 and D/C = 17.01, achieving 86.5% pollutant adsorption. The Freundlich isotherm, with a coefficient of determination of 0.92, was chosen over the Langmuir isotherm (0.79) for its superior performance. Therefore, applying zeolite nanoparticles efficiently eliminated sulfate pollutants from surface water resources at the laboratory.
Perception of four intellectual and developmental disabilities based on search engine and news portrayal
Authors: Droscha Lillian J. , Chung Sophia , Li-Khan Zoe , Scott Ashley , Rubenstein Eric
Published: February 2025

Background

For people with intellectual and developmental disabilities, other’s perceptions of them based on their condition often begin before birth and go on to impact relationships, opportunities, and self perception across the life course. Search engine results and news media, which may portray these conditions stereotypically or in poor light, are often a key source in these perceptions. Our purpose was to understand how search engine results and available news media can shape perceptions on certain intellectual and developmental disabilities.

Methods

We developed an online Likert-scale survey to measure differences in perceptions based off first available search engine results, images, and news headlines of four intellectual and developmental disabilities: cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, and Angelman syndrome. These four conditions were selected to compare less prevalent (Prader-Willi and Angelman) and more prevalent conditions (Down syndrome and cerebral palsy). Perception questions addressed general impression and aspects of the disability experience expected to be impacted by perception from others. We recruited via multiple social media platforms, flyers posted in the Boston area, and word of mouth to local communities and friends.

Findings

229 individuals opened the survey, and 125 responses were used in analysis. Mean responses to Prader-Willi syndrome were significantly more negative than responses to cerebral palsy, Down syndrome, and Angelman syndrome across all variables. Responses to Angelman syndrome were also more negative than responses to Down syndrome. Significant differences between conditions found when treating the data as continuous were confirmed when treating the data as ordinal.

Conclusion

Lesser-known intellectual and developmental disabilities, such as Prader-Willi syndrome and Angelman syndrome, are subject to more negative portrayal in media, leading to more negative perception, which may impact social opportunity and quality of life. Combined with our finding that the perception of Prader-Willi syndrome follows the ideals of the medical model of disability more closely than the social model, a need for social model of disability training and education for physicians and other medical providers is clear.
Navigating Industry 4.0: Leveraging additive technologies for competitive advantage in Colombian aerospace and manufacturing industries
Authors: Tegethoff Thomas , Santa Ricardo , Bucheli Juan Manuel , Cabrera Benjamin , Scavarda Annibal
Published: February 2025

Industry 4.0 initiatives aim to improve competitive advantage. Additive technologies are a technological innovation and have great potential in a developing country like Colombia, The study analyzes how additive technologies, strategies, and process innovation interact to generate positive results, measured by the achievement of operational effectiveness in the aerospace sector and the manufacturing industry in general. Furthermore, the study explores the integration of additive technologies within the framework of Industry 4.0, focusing on the Colombian aerospace and manufacturing sectors. It investigates how these technologies, strategies, and process innovation contribute to operational effectiveness. Data were collected using a Likert-style questionnaire, developed based on established models of innovation framework and operational effectiveness model994 responses were obtained, of which 945 were deemed usable (423 from manufacturing and 522 from aerospace sectors). The analysis involved confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) using SPSS and AMOS software, ensuring robustness through indicators like Cronbach’s Alpha and fit indices. The study compared findings across the two sectors to highlight differences in how additive technologies influence organizational outcomes. Initial results reveal that while additive technologies significantly enhance process innovation across sectors, their direct impact on operational effectiveness is evident only in the aerospace industry. The findings underscore that the aerospace sector benefits from additive technologies due to their need for complex, high-quality, and small-batch production, emphasizing their role in fostering precision and customization. However, the lack of impact in the manufacturing context is attributed to limited strategic alignment and inadequate implementation practices. Moreover, the results indicate that process innovation is a critical mediator, facilitating the translation of technological advancements into improved operational outcomes. Despite moderate correlations between strategies and operational effectiveness in manufacturing, aerospace organizations exhibit more substantial strategic alignment due to stringent performance demands. These findings highlight the importance of fostering a culture of innovation, adapting organizational strategies, and addressing structural challenges to maximize the benefits of additive technologies. The study contributes to understanding the differential adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies in developing economies, with implications for enhancing competitiveness and sustainability in global markets.
Quantitative nylon monomerization by the combination of chemical pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis using nylon hydrolases
Authors: Shiraishi Yuki , Kato Dai-ichiro , Miyazaki Kaito , Yonemura Maina , Furuno Yoko , Yokoyama Risa , Yokogawa Yukiko , Nonaka Sho , Kaneko Yoshiro , Ebata Keigo , Himeda Yuichiro , Negoro Seiji
Published: February 2025

Nylons, derived from fossil fuels, are widely used for their toughness and flexibility, but they pose environmental concerns due to their low biodegradability. This study explored an efficient method for the monomerization of polymeric nylons, specifically nylon-6 and nylon-6,6, through a combination of chemical pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis using two kinds of nylon hydrolases, NylB and NylC (Nyl series enzymes). To break down the strong intermolecular hydrogen bonding between polymer chains of nylon, two pretreatment methods were investigated: homogeneous dispersion and soluble oligomerization induced by acid treatment. Homogeneous dispersion enhances water solubility, while soluble oligomerization reduces the molecular weight. These pretreatments significantly increased the enzyme sensitivity of the nylons, resulting in nearly complete conversion into monomers by Nyl series. Finally the convincing monomerization toward market products such as used fishing nets was also achieved. This study highlights the potential of this methodology for chemical recycling, offering a promising solution for reducing environmental impacts and achieving a circular economy for nylon products.
Does patients’ age predict their clinical outcomes following non-infectious epiglottitis? A systematic review
Authors: Safia Alaa , Abd Elhadi Uday , Shehadeh Rabie , Farhat Raed , Asakly Majd , El Khatib Nidal , Khater Ashraf , Bishara Taiser , Massoud Saqr , Merchavy Shlomo
Published: February 2025

Background

Non-infectious epiglottitis, an infrequent but significant condition, presents challenges in airway management and treatment due to its potential for rapid progression.

Objective

To analyze differences in clinicodemographic characteristics, management strategies, and clinical outcomes between pediatric and adult cases of non-infectious epiglottitis.

Methods

A systematic search of four databases identified 57 patient records, all diagnosed with non-infectious epiglottitis. Children (<18 years) were compared to adults (≥18 years). Differences in clinicodemographic characteristics, management strategies, and clinical outcomes were analyzed. Outcomes included intubation, complications, and intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Risk factors of these outcomes were identified through uni- and multi-variable logistic regression analyses.

Results

Twenty-three children and 34 adults were analyzed. The presentation with stridor (56.52% vs. 14.7%), drooling (56.52% vs. 26.47%), cyanosis (17.39% vs. 0%), and sternal retraction (13.04% vs. 0%) was more common among children. Prior vaccination was evident in only 5 pediatric cases. The etiology of epiglottitis was similar across groups. Children had significantly higher chances of receiving epinephrine (34.78% vs. 8.82%), undergoing intubation (82.60% vs. 20.58%), being admitted to the ICU (56.52% vs. 17.64%), and having complications (47.82% vs. 14.70%), compared to adults. In the multivariate regression model, pediatric age was a risk factor for intubation (p = 0.015) and ICU admission (p = 0.040), while foreign body ingestion (p = 0.039) and dyspnea (p = 0.014) were predictors of intubation and complications, respectively.

Conclusions

The study highlights the necessity for age-specific management strategies in non-infectious epiglottitis. Understanding the distinct clinical presentations and responses in different age groups can lead to improved patient care.
Barriers and facilitators of adherence to treatment interventions for COPD amongst individuals from minority ethnic communities: Meta-ethnography
Authors: Alamer Sarah , Robinson-Barellla Anna , Cooper Matthew , Nazar Hamde , Husband Andy
Published: February 2025

Objective

Numerous studies have documented the low adherence rate to treatment interventions for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) amongst minority ethnic communities. This systematic meta-ethnographic review was performed to identify barriers and facilitators of adherence to treatment interventions (e.g., smoking cessation and pulmonary rehabilitation) of COPD in minority ethnic communities.

Method

This systematic meta-ethnographic review followed the approach by Noblit and Hare. Systematic searches were performed across six databases MEDLINE (OVID), EMBASE (OVID), CINAHL (EBSCO), PsycINFO (OVID), Web of Science, and Scopus from their inception until November 2023. Quality appraisal of included studies was conducted using Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tools.

Results

Out of 1,329 identified citations, seven qualitative studies were included in this meta-ethnography. Using reciprocal translation, four overarching themes were developed to represent the barriers and facilitators of adherence to treatment interventions of COPD amongst minority ethnic communities: 1) positive and negative experiences affecting a person’s motivation for their care, 2) patient attitude and beliefs, 3) being able to access and attend care, and 4) the influence of communication and culture on a person’s care.

Conclusion

This review highlighted the barriers and facilitators of adherence to treatment interventions for COPD amongst individuals from minority ethnic communities. The key barriers include language difficulties and the inability to comprehend and communicate effectively with healthcare professionals. This demonstrates the need for further research on the impact of linguistic and cultural characteristics on adherence to treatment interventions for COPD. Addressing ethnicity-specific barriers could inform the development of tailored protocols and strategies for optimising adherence among minority ethnic communities. (PROSPERO CRD42023476187).
The Current Status and Challenges of Teaching Practice in a Substitute Elementary School : Focus on Teaching Music
Authors:   Center For Educational Research, Song Jeongju
Published: February 2025

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyse the current situation of music teaching practice in substitute elementary schools to identify the difficulties that pre-service teachers face in music teaching, and to explore ways to improve pre-service teachers' music teaching expertise.
Methods: The data of teaching practice in A and B substitute primary schools in District D for three years from 2021 to 2023 were analysed, and surveys and in-depth interviews were conducted with twelve pre-service teachers and six practice supervisors who conducted teaching practice in these schools. The data analysed included the study school's operation manual, teacher in charge meeting materials, classroom practice orientation materials, practice operation plan, teaching activity class allocation table, and pre-service teachers' practice records.
Results: First, practical training and support should be provided to pre-service teachers so that they can teach music more effectively and provide exemplary teaching models for pre-service teachers. Second, pre-service teachers should be provided with sufficient practice opportunities and concrete teaching strategies to enhance their expertise in music teaching. Third, the development of specific and practical guidelines, in collaboration with teacher education institutions, should help pre-service teachers extract the musical concepts to be taught from the songs and organise them into structured classroom activities. Fourth, to improve preservice teachers' confidence in music and teaching practice, the cooperation system with practicing teachers with high expertise in music teaching should be further strengthened.
Conclusion: In order to cultivate teachers with expertise in music teaching, close collaboration between pre-service teachers as well as training institutions and practicum institutions are essential. It is hoped that this study will contribute to resolving pre-service teachers' difficulties in music teaching at teacher education practicum schools and to fostering teachers with expertise in music teaching, bringing positive changes to the educational field.