bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Discovery of novel inhibitors of RNA silencing suppressor P19 based on virtual screening
Authors: Hu Fan , Lei Rong , Deng Yu-Fang , Wang Jun , Li Gui-Fen , Wang Chao-Nan , Li Zhi-Hong , Zhu Shui-Fang
Published: March 2018

The combined virtual and experimental screening method is a efficient strategy to discover inhibitors of RNA silencing suppressor.
Solvent-tuned charge-transfer properties of chiral Pt(ii) complex and TCNQ˙− anion adducts
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Peng , Wang Li-Li , Zhang Da-Shuai , Qi Xiao-Wei , Shi Zai-Feng , Lin Qiang
Published: March 2018

A new couple of charge transfer adducts comprising of one chiral Pt(ii) complex cation together with one TCNQ˙− anion have been prepared, and solvent-induced variances of absorption, luminescence as well as chiral spectra have been investigated.
Selective modification of aligned carbon nanotubes by N2 plasma and their diode behavior
Authors: Tsai Hsin-Jung , Su Yu-Ying , Tseng Chao-Chi , Hsu Wen-Kuang
Published: March 2018

Fabrication of p–n junctions on aligned carbon nanotubes by N2 plasma.
Correction: Development of a bio-electrospray system for cell and non-viral gene delivery
Authors: Lee Myung Chul , Seonwoo Hoon , Garg Pankaj , Jang Kyoung Je , Pandey Shambhavi , Kim Hong Bae , Park Sang Bae , Ku Jong Beom , Kim Jang Ho , Lim Ki Taek , Chung Jong Hoon
Published: March 2018

Correction for ‘Development of a bio-electrospray system for cell and non-viral gene delivery’ by Myung Chul Lee et al., RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 6452–6459.
Macrophage-mediated delivery of light activated nitric oxide prodrugs with spatial, temporal and concentration control
Authors: Evans Michael A. , Huang Po-Ju , Iwamoto Yuji , Ibsen Kelly N. , Chan Emory M. , Hitomi Yutaka , Ford Peter C. , Mitragotri Samir
Published: March 2018

Macrophage-mediated targeting and photochemical release provides spatial-temporal control of nitric oxide delivery to tumor spheroids.
Crystal structure and functional analysis of large-terpene synthases belonging to a newly found subclass
Authors: Fujihashi Masahiro , Sato Tsutomu , Tanaka Yuma , Yamamoto Daisuke , Nishi Tomoyuki , Ueda Daijiro , Murakami Mizuki , Yasuno Yoko , Sekihara Ai , Fuku Kazuma , Shinada Tetsuro , Miki Kunio
Published: March 2018

The first crystal structure of a large-terpene synthase elucidated two novel Asp rich motifs and a new subclass of terpene synthases.
Amino-PAHs activated Nrf2/ARE anti-oxidative defense system and promoted inflammatory responses: the regulation of PI3K/Akt pathway
Authors: Wu Meiying , Jiang Yuting , Liu Mingyuan , Shang Yu , An Jing
Published: March 2018

The amino polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (amino-PAHs) were frequently detected in PM2.5, and it was suggested that they contributed to the harmful health effects associated with PM2.5.
Screening Tests Reveal High Risk Among Adjudicated Adolescents of Auditory Processing and Language Disorders
Authors: Moncrieff Deborah , Miller Elizabeth , Hill Earl
Published: March 2018

Purpose

The study investigated the prevalence of risk factors for auditory processing and language disorders among adolescents residing at a local juvenile detention center.

Method

A total of 782 adjudicated adolescents with normal hearing were screened with the Randomized Dichotic Digits Test (Strouse & Wilson, 1999) and the Dichotic Words Test (Moncrieff, 2015). A subset of 420 of those adolescents was also screened with the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals (CELF; Semel, Wiig, & Secord, 2003).

Results

More than 70% of the adolescents produced weakness on at least 1 dichotic listening test. One third of those produced weakness across both dichotic listening tests, consistent with a binaural integration deficit pattern. Nearly 48% of the subgroup of adolescents produced CELF scores that fell below the criterion for age. Dichotic listening and language scores were more associated in participants with poor performance in both ears during dichotic tests, who also produced the lowest scores on the CELF. There was no main effect of race, but 17- and 18-year-old Black adolescents produced lower CELF scores than White adolescents of the same age.

Conclusions

School-age children referred for disciplinary action may have undiagnosed deficits in auditory processing and/or language. Efforts to screen, diagnose, and remediate these deficits could lead to improvements in communication, learning, and language skills in this population.
LPV model identification with an unknown scheduling variable in the presence of missing observations – a robust global approach
Authors: Yang Xianqiang , Liu Xin , Han Boxuan
Published: March 2018

This study focuses on identifying the linear parameter varying (LPV) system with an unknown scheduling variable in the presence of missing measurements and the system output data contaminated with outliers. The parameter interpolated LPV autoregressive exogenous (ARX) model with an unknown scheduling variable is considered and the scheduling variable dynamic is described by a non‐linear state‐space model. The outliers treatment and unknown scheduling variable estimation with missing observations are both taken into consideration. The robust LPV model is established based on the Student's t ‐distribution in order to handle the outliers and the particle smoother is adopted to estimate the true scheduling variable from incomplete data set. The formulations of the proposed algorithm are finally derived in the expectation–maximisation algorithm scheme and the formulas to estimate the unknown parameters of LPV ARX model and scheduling variable dynamic model are derived simultaneously. A numerical example and a chemical process are used to present the efficacy of the proposed approach.
Image region annotation based on segmentation and semantic correlation analysis
Authors: Zhang Jing , Mu Yakun , Feng Shengwei , Li Kehuang , Yuan Yubo , Lee Chin‐Hui
Published: March 2018

The authors propose an image region annotation framework by exploring syntactic and semantic correlations among segmented regions in an image. A texture‐enhanced image segmentation JSEG algorithm is first used to improve the pixel consistency in a segmented image region. Next, each region is represented by a set of image codewords, also known as visual alphabets, with each of them used to characterise certain low‐level image features. A visual lexicon, with its vocabulary items defined as either a codeword or a co‐occurrence of multiple alphabets, is formed and used to model middle‐level semantic concepts. The concept classification models are trained by a maximal figure‐of‐merit algorithm with a collection of training images with multiple correlations, including spatial, syntactic and semantic relationship, between regions and their corresponding concepts. In addition, a region‐semantic correlation model constructed with latent semantic analysis is used to correct the potentially wrong annotations by analysing the relationship between image region positions and labels. When evaluated on the Corel 5K dataset, the proposed image region annotation framework achieves accurate results on image region concept tagging as well as whole image based annotations.
Moving target detection with limited training data based on the subspace orthogonal projection
Authors: Li Hai , Song Wenyu , Liu Weijian , Wu Renbiao
Published: March 2018

The number of training data is usually limited for moving target detection in airborne radar, which can significantly degrade the performance of detectors. In this study, the authors propose a detector for detecting moving targets based on the random matrix theory (RMT). The clutter subspace is first estimated through the RMT. Then the data under test are projected onto the orthogonal complement space of the clutter subspace for whitening. Finally, the generalised energy accumulation detection of the whitened data is carried out. Simulation results show that the proposed detector can detect moving targets effectively even when the number of training data is extremely small and the detector has a fast rate of convergence and constant false alarm rate.
Joint tracking and classification of extended object based on support functions
Authors: Sun Lifan , Lan Jian , Li X. Rong
Published: March 2018

This study considers joint tracking and classification (JTC) of an extended object using measurements of down‐range and cross‐range extent. Using such measurements, existing approaches handle only tracking, that is estimating the kinematic state and the extension. In many practical applications, tracking and classification (e.g. classifying the object by its size and shape) are highly coupled (i.e. they affect each other) but are handled separately. For JTC of extended objects, this study deals with this problem jointly by integrating class‐related extension information (i.e. the size and shape characteristics distinguishing objects of different classes) into a support function model. This facilitates the derivation of their JTC algorithm for jointly estimating the kinematic state and object extension and obtaining the probabilities of the object classes. In the proposed JTC algorithm, the useful information between the tracker and the classifier is sufficiently exchanged to improve overall performance. Furthermore, they also propose an effective method to fuse object extension estimates. The benefit of what they proposed is illustrated by simulation results.
GJ 1214: Rotation period, starspots, and uncertainty on the optical slope of the transmission spectrum
Authors: Mallonn M. , Herrero E. , Juvan I. G. , von Essen C. , Rosich A. , Ribas I. , Granzer T. , Alexoudi X. , Strassmeier K. G.
Published: March 2018

Aims. Brightness inhomogeneities in the stellar photosphere (dark spots or bright regions) affect the measurements of the planetary transmission spectrum. To investigate the star spots of the M dwarf GJ 1214, we conducted a multicolor photometric monitoring from 2012 to 2016.

Methods. The time-series photometry was analyzed with the light curve inversion tool StarSim. Using the derived stellar surface properties from the light curve inversion, we modeled the impact of the star spots when unocculted by the transiting planet. We compared the photometric variability of GJ 1214 to published results of mid- to late M dwarfs from the MEarth sample.

Results. The measured variability shows a periodicity of 125 ± 5 days, which we interpret as the signature of the stellar rotation period. This value overrules previous suggestions of a significantly shorter stellar rotation period. A light curve inversion of the monitoring data yields an estimation of the flux dimming of a permanent spot filling factor not contributing to the photometric variability, a temperature contrast of the spots of ~370 K and persistent active longitudes. The derived surface maps over all five seasons were used to estimate the influence of the star spots on the transmission spectrum of the planet from 400 to 2000 nm. The monitoring data presented here do not support a recent interpretation of a measured transmission spectrum of GJ 1214b as to be caused by bright regions in the stellar photosphere. Instead, we list arguments as to why the effect of dark spots likely dominated over bright regions in the period of our monitoring. Furthermore, our photometry proves an increase in variability over at least four years, indicative for a cyclic activity behavior. The age of GJ 1214 is likely between 6 and 10 Gyr.

Conclusions. The long-term photometry allows for a correction of unocculted spots. For an active star such as GJ 1214, there remains a degeneracy between occulted spots and the transit parameters used to build the transmission spectrum. This degeneracy can only be broken by high-precision transit photometry resolving the spot crossing signature in the transit light curve.
Surgical wound monitoring by MRI with a metamaterial-based implanted local coil
Authors: Kamel Hanan , Syms Richard R.A. , Kardoulaki Evdokia M. , Rea Marc
Published: March 2018

An implantable sensor for monitoring surgical wounds after bowel reconstruction is proposed. The sensor consists of a coupled pair of 8-element magneto-inductive ring resonators, designed for mounting on a biofragmentable anastomosis ring to give a local increase in signal-to-noise ratio near an annular wound during 1H magnetic resonance imaging. Operation on an anti-symmetric spatial mode is used to avoid coupling to the B1 field during excitation, and a single wired connection is used for MRI signal output. The electrical response and field-of-view are estimated theoretically. Prototypes are constructed from flexible elements designed for operation at 1.5 T, electrical responses are characterized and local SNR enhancement is confirmed using agar gel phantoms.
L’actualité immunologique sous l’oeil critique des étudiants de Master 2
Authors: Chassouros Alexandre , Essakhi Alexandre , Khiat Anis , Kouadri Shirihane , Tadjine Aïda , Tadjine Nadia , Ubeda Pol , Zhang Victorine
Published: March 2018

Pour la quatrième année consécutive, les étudiants du Master 2 « Immunothérapies et bio-ingénierie » de l’Université Pierre et Marie Curie (Sorbonne Université) ont pris la plume pour partager avec les lecteurs de m/s quelques-uns des faits marquants de la littérature de fin 2017 dans le domaine de l’immunologie. Cette année, ils nous rappellent combien l’immunothérapie est porteuse d’espoir en cancérologie en relatant deux approches très novatrices : l’une, indirecte, utilise des nanovésicules bactériennes, l’autre réalise une vaccination antitumorale fondée sur des néoantigènes tumoraux spécifiquement identifiés chez les patients. Deux autres brèves rapportent les résultats d’études dont l’impact clinique est évident : l’une identifie un anticorps thérapeutique efficace et sûr contre le virus Zika, l’autre décrypte le lien entre immunosuppression exercée par les Treg et autophagie dans les cellules dendritiques, et offre une explication à l’activité thérapeutique d’un activateur de la voie CTLA4/B7. Toutes ces découvertes ont une application directe en clinique humaine, ce qui souligne, une fois encore, combien la recherche est essentielle au progrès médical ! Bonne lecture !

Sophie Sibéril (Maître de conférence Sorbonne Université, responsable du module « analyse scientifique » du M2 immunothérapies et bio-ingénierie)
Biais de sexe dans l’asthme allergique
Authors: Laffont Sophie , Blanquart Eve , Guéry Jean-Charles
Published: March 2018

L’asthme allergique est une maladie inflammatoire chronique caractérisée par une hyperréactivité bronchique. Il touche plus de 10 % de la population et débute souvent dans l’enfance. Il existe des disparités sexuelles dans la prévalence et la sévérité de l’asthme. La maladie est en effet plus fréquente chez les jeunes garçons, mais cette tendance s’inverse à la puberté suggérant un rôle régulateur des hormones sexuelles. Dans cette synthèse, nous résumons les connaissances actuelles sur le rôle des hormones sexuelles dans l’inflammation allergique, en soulignant l’impact des androgènes sur le développement et la fonction des cellules lymphoïdes innées du groupe 2 (ILC2), acteurs critiques des réponses allergiques.
L’huile d’olive française : les appellations d’origine en question
Authors: Paris Alexandra
Published: March 2018

La France est le territoire d’origine, le berceau de naissance des appellations d’origine. Toutefois, pendant des décennies, ces appellations ont été réservées au secteur de la vigne et du vin. Ce n’est qu’en 1990, que d’autres produits alimentaires ont pu accéder à ce précieux Graal, à cette reconnaissance d’un savoir-faire, d’un lien au terroir incontestable. Les huiles d’olive ont rapidement saisi l’intérêt de cette reconnaissance et dès 1994, la première appellation d’origine oléicole a vu le jour. Une naissance qui en a appelé d’autres, bénéficiant du et au dynamisme de la filière oléicole. En 2018, les huiles françaises comptent 8 appellations d’origine (Nyons, Vallée des Baux-de-Provence, Aix-en-Provence, Haute-Provence, Nice, Nîmes, Corse-Oliu di Corsica et Provence) dont les spécificités sont successivement exposées dans cet article. Après 24 ans d’existence, on peut se poser la question de ce succès et des retombées des appellations dans la filière et faire un premier bilan de ces deux décennies.
Factors associated with bone metabolism in patients with cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament accompanied with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis
Authors: Horie Shinji , Sawaji Yasunobu , Endo Kenji , Suzuki Hidekazu , Matsuoka Yuji , Nishimura Hirosuke , Seki Takeshi , Yamamoto Kengo
Published: March 2018

Introduction: Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) and ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) are both characterized as ossification in paravertebral ligaments and sometimes present simultaneously, however, the bone metabolism in patients with cervical OPLL accompanying/not accompanying DISH has not well been studied. Thus, a retrospective analysis was performed to understand any differences in bone metabolism in these patients.

Methods: Male patients who underwent surgery for OPLL were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of DISH (OD and O group, respectively). Patients with cervical spondylosis comprised the control group (CS group). Bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism factors were compared among the groups.

Results: The OD and O groups had significantly higher body mass indexes (BMIs) than did the CS group. Morphologically, the number of continuous type of OPLL was high in the OD group whereas that of segmental type was higher in the O group. The OD and O group had greater BMD than the CS group. Both TRACP-5b and P1NP were tended to be lower in the OD group whereas Ca and P concentrations were similar level among the groups. Intact parathyroid hormone in OD group was significantly higher than CS group.

Discussion: Patients with OPLL accompanying DISH had significantly higher BMD whereas they tend to be lower in bone turnover. Significantly higher i-PTH levels was found in the OD group and would be the characteristic blood marker, but further research on the relationship between DISH and PTH was necessary.
New approach for getting better accuracy with mesh dependent material properties
Authors: Zhou Qiu-Ping , Ding Hua
Published: March 2018

Based on the relationship between finite element (FE) solution and mesh size, a new approach based on mesh depending on the material properties is proposed to make the finite element analysis results more efficient and more close to the optimal solution. This optimal solution is often evaluated either by experiment or by finite element method (FEM). At the opposite of the accuracy obtained by sensitivities analysis of the FEM which requires time-consuming, our approach allows getting the optimal meshing based on the material properties.
12. physiokongress 2018 – Schmerz, Sport und Neuroreha
Authors: Pott Claudia , Ermel Johannes
Published: March 2018

Knapp 1.000 Teilnehmer nutzten Ende Januar 2018 die Gelegenheit, sich auf dem 12. physiokongress zu den Themen Schmerztherapie, Sportphysiotherapie und Neurorehabilitation auf den neusten Stand zu bringen. Renommierte Experten aus dem In- und Ausland gaben wertvolle Impulse für die Praxis – für erfahrende Therapeuten, aber auch für Schüler.
High Intra-Abdominal Pressure Secondary to Obesity as a Determining Factor for Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Malfunction
Authors: Morais Barbara , Yamaki Vitor , Cardeal Daniel , Andrade Fernanda , Paiva Wellingson , Matushita Hamilton , Teixeira Manoel
Published: March 2018

The ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) is an established treatment for hydrocephalus. The functioning of the system requires a pressure difference between the cranial and abdominal cavities. The VPS can be particularly problematic in patients with increased intra-abdominal pressure (IAP). We report the case of a 16-year-old girl with VPS since she was 2 months old due to hydrocephalus secondary to myelomeningocele. The patient had been asymptomatic ever since, but she sought the emergency service with intermittent headache and vomiting. A non-enhanced brain tomography, a shunt trajectory X-ray and an abdominal ultrasound revealed no cause of system malfunction. In view of the persistent clinical picture, a revision of the shunt was performed, which revealed adequate intraoperative functioning. She returned with the same symptoms two weeks after surgery. The patient was obese (body mass index [BMI]: 48). We hypothesized intermittent valve malfunction due to increased intra-abdominal pressure. She underwent a ventriculoatrial shunt, without intercurrences. In the postoperative period, the patient presented transient tachycardia and was asymptomatic at the 6-month follow-up. Obesity should be considered an important variable for the inadequate functioning of the VPS due to increased IAP and catheter dystocia to the extraperitoneal cavity. Studies have already correlated the IAP with the BMI, which reaches between 8 mm Hg and 12 mm Hg in obese individuals. Therefore, the BMI can be considered during the selection of valve pressure in systems with non-adjustable valves to prevent insufficient drainage. The recognition of obesity as a cause of VPS malfunction is fundamental to avoid unnecessary surgeries and intermittent malfunction of the system.
Toward Precision Medicine in Brain Metastases
Authors: Berghoff Anna , Brastianos Priscilla
Published: March 2018

Brain metastases (BMs) reflect an area of high clinical need, as up to 40% of patients with metastatic cancer will develop this morbid and highly fatal complication. Historically, treatment strategies have relied on local approaches including radiosurgery, whole-brain radiotherapy, and neurosurgical resection. Recently, targeted and immune-modulating therapies have shown promising responses and have been introduced in the clinical management of patients with BMs. Recent improvements in genomic technologies have enriched our understanding of BMs and have demonstrated that BMs present with significant genetic divergence from the originating primary tumor, such that potentially targetable genetic alterations are detected only in the BMs. However, this genetic divergence also results in genetic alterations associated with resistance to targeted therapies. A deeper insight on the genetic alterations of BMs and the interaction with the brain microenvironment will likely reveal new treatment targets, moving toward more precision therapies for patients with BMs.
HIV Pediatric Care Quality in Togo's Health Facilities in 2014
Authors: Azoumah K. , Agbéko F. , Djadou K. , Segbedji K. , Géraldo A. , Takassi O. , Douaguibe B. , Agbèrè A. , Atakouma Y.
Published: March 2018

In 2013, children living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)(CLHIV) and on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Togo accounted for 7.6% of people living with HIV on ART. Management faces many challenges due to insufficient qualified human resources. This study aimed to assess the availability of care offered to these children in health facilities. This was a retrospective descriptive study on 244 CLHIV (under 15 years) who were on ART and randomly selected in 26 sites providing HIV medical care in Togo from July 22 to September 06 2014. Evaluation forms on children's clinical, biological, and therapeutic parameters were analyzed. Forty percent of CLHIV were between the ages of 5 and 9 years. The average age was 5 years at testing for diagnosis; 49% of children were in the World Health Organization (WHO) stage III–IV. The sex ratio (male/female [M/F]) was 1:1. Almost 71% of CLHIV were underweight (weight-for-age <  − 2 Z scores Severely underweight : weight-for-age  <  −  3 Z scores). The patient height was not recorded in 81.6% of the cases. According to the guidelines, the criteria to be on ART were met for 90.2% of children. The average delay (from diagnosis) to be on ART was 216 days. First-line regimens were mostly zidovudine/lamivudine/nevirapine (AZT/3TC/NVP) (47.0%) and stavudine/lamivudine/nevirapine (d4T/3TC/NVP) (38.7%). Follow-up was characterized by a low rate of achievement of the biological semi-annual evaluation (19.8%), child compliance for 62.7%, a cotrimoxazole prophylaxis for 70.2%, and tuberculosis screening for 64.8%. The lost-to-follow-up (LFU) proportion was 8.9%. HIV pediatric diagnosis is still an issue in Togo. Early maternal and child healthcare and HIV care are not optimal. Recruitment and capacity building of health professionals, delegation of tasks to paramedics, and innovative motivation processes could improve care for HIV-infected children.
Meningiomas: Overview and New Directions in Therapy
Authors: Osswald Matthias , Wang Nancy
Published: March 2018

The majority of meningiomas, the most common primary brain tumor, are considered to be benign, and characteristic magnetic resonance imaging features allow a preliminary diagnosis. Meningiomas can be classified in the World Health Organization system as grade I, II, or III, depending on various histological features. In many cases, observation is the preferred management option, although this means the absence of a histological diagnosis. If necessary, standard therapy consists of surgery with or without adjuvant radiation, depending on the tumor grade and the degree of resection. To date, systemic therapies are not included in the standard of care. The level of evidence for treatment recommendations is low, and effective treatment regimens, especially for surgery-refractory and radiation-refractory meningiomas, are still very limited. Recent studies have broadened our knowledge of the genetics and pathogenesis of meningiomas and will lead to new therapeutic options. This review summarizes the epidemiology, pathogenesis and genetics, classification, and diagnosis of meningiomas, as well as management principles, including promising new avenues of therapy.
Pediatric Relapsing Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis Crossing with Tumefactive Demyelinating Lesion
Authors: Charoensanti Sudarat , Pongcharoen Sutatip , Apiwattanakul Metha
Published: March 2018

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis is an autoimmune encephalopathy characterized by neuropsychiatric symptoms, autonomic instability, and abnormal movements. Most children who undergo tumor removal and receive appropriate immunosuppressants have substantial neurological improvement. We report a 14-year-old girl with relapsing anti-NMDAR encephalitis who presented with paroxysmal tingling and weakness of the right lower limb. Despite long-term prophylaxis with immunotherapy (azathioprine), tumefactive demyelinating lesion and multifocal subcortical white matter lesions were identified on magnetic resonance imaging, which improved after high doses of steroid therapy. There may be overlap between the clinical manifestations of anti-NMDAR encephalitis and acquired demyelination syndromes in children.
Practical Implications of the Updated WHO Classification of Brain Tumors
Authors: Sahm Felix , Martinez-Lage Maria
Published: March 2018

The updated 2016 WHO classification of Central Nervous System tumors introduced a novel concept of neuropathology diagnostics. Molecular parameters are now included into the definition of several entities. This evolution from a previously purely histology-based classification to an integrated approach of histology and genetic characteristics has implications in daily diagnostic and clinical practice. Both the spectrum of diagnostic workup demanded from the neuropathologist and the range of relevant markers to be considered by clinicians and clinical investigators have increased. This article reviews the major changes in the classification of diffuse gliomas, ependymoma, and medulloblastoma, the practical consequences for diagnostics and clinical trials, and points toward recent developments that potentially will influence the next update of the classification.
Evidenz-Update Dehnen – Dehnen – oder nicht?
Authors: Diemer Frank
Published: March 2018

Kein Thema wird so heiß diskutiert wie das Dehnen. Nicht immer ist es nützlich. Frank Diemer gibt einen Überblick über Sinn und Zweck unterschiedlicher Dehnmethoden. Auf den Punkt gebracht: Am meisten Evidenz gibt es dafür, dass Dehnen beweglicher macht.
Thoracic-outlet-Syndrom – Eingeklemmt
Authors: Rudi Amberger
Published: March 2018

Äußerst selten, oft unerkannt und sehr komplex ist das Thoracic-outlet-Syndrom. Der Ansatz der Integrativen Manuellen Therapie orientiert sich beim Befund und der Behandlung eines TOS daran, wie der Patient die Einklemmung kompensiert. Dementsprechend setzt man etwa an der Wirbelsäule, den Rippen oder der Klavikula an.
Musikgestützte Aphasietherapie
Authors: Stahl Benjamin
Published: March 2018

Können musikgestützte Behandlungsprogramme klassische Formen der Sprachtherapie
ersetzen? Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt einen kurzen Überblick zum Stand der
Forschung.
Tätigkeitsfeld: Musiktherapie in der
Neurorehabilitation
Authors: Nolden Joachim
Published: March 2018

Wie integriert sich Musiktherapie in den neurorehabilitativen klinischen Alltag?
Die Nacherhebungen musiktherapeutischer Behandlungen lassen das Tätigkeitsfeld
überblicken. Sie geben Hinweise auf die Behandlungsdauer und -frequenz, die
Methoden und die interdisziplinäre Vernetzung.
Rhythmisch-auditive Stimulation bei
Parkinson-Erkrankung
Authors: Hotz Verena
Published: March 2018

Die Parkinson-Erkrankung geht mit zahlreichen motorischen Störungen einher. Diese
werden medikamentös behandelt. Begleitend dazu lassen sich mit der
rhythmisch-auditiven Stimulation positive Wirkungen erzielen.
Red Flags erkennen – Verdächtige Flanke
Authors: von Piekartz Harry , Zalpour Christoff
Published: March 2018

Rik Kerre hat seit Jahren Schmerzen am Ellenbogen, in der Flanke und im Schulter-Nacken-Bereich. Auf den ersten Blick scheint es ein muskuloskeletales Problem. Als er jedoch von dem Husten erzählt, der seit einem grippalen Infekt nie mehr ganz abgeklungen ist, wird sein Therapeut stutzig.
Gendered Politics of Alienation and Power Restoration: Arab Revolutions and Women's Sentiments of Loss and Despair
Authors: Jabiri Afaf
Published: March 2018

From the start of the Arab revolutions in late 2010, a connection between the law, state, political economy, gender norms and orientalist ideology has formed the foundation of women's systematic exclusion from politics. By unmasking processes in Egypt that have created the ideological and material conditions of externalising women's revolutionary acts, estranging their political involvement, and exposing them to various forms of violence, this article offers a gendered political reading of the concept of alienation. The article suggests that gender-normative ideology's characterisation of women's images, roles and acts during and after revolutions, corresponds to the most profound form of alienation. The article identifies the externalisation and subjugation of women, and objectification of their revolutionary acts as modes of alienation. Moreover, it proposes that the implementing of these modes of alienation are necessary for creating conditions that allow for the reconfiguration of power dynamics that restore the authoritarian power of the state. This discussion suggests that the sphere of politics not only relates to political activism and conflict between revolutions and counterrevolutions, but that it is also a battlefield for the (re)production of gender-normative knowledge.
Other Mothers: Encountering In/Visible Femininities in Migration and Urban Contexts
Authors: Lisiak Agata
Published: March 2018

Whereas much has been written about migrants’ visibility, the multiple and complex layers of migrants’ invisibility invite further exploration. Migrants’ in/visibility is not clear-cut: it differs across various locations and, as such, demands a comparative, intersectional analysis. This paper seeks to explore it by investigating how recent migrants make sense of their own appearance, as well as those of others they encounter in their new places of residence. Specifically, I inquire into the notion of femininity as it is performed and perceived by Polish migrant mothers living in German and British cities. I discuss whose performances of femininity are visible and whose femininity is rendered invisible in the eyes of my research participants, and what implications this may carry for urban and migration research. Strikingly, the women I interviewed only seem to recognise white British and German women's performances of femininity for what they are. Non-white and Muslim femininities remain, at best, invisible or, in the not infrequent cases of racism and Islamophobia, are stripped not only of their unique gendered features, but of humanity altogether. As seemingly peaceful interactions in urban space do not exclude privately harboured racial, ethnic, religious and class prejudice, a feminist revision of encounters with diversity provides valuable insight into the structure of such metropolitan paradoxes, yielding new understandings of how racism, classism and sexism persist alongside ostensibly inclusive urban cultures.
What's in a Face?: Sara Baartman, the (Post)Colonial Gaze and the Case of Venus Noire (2010)
Authors: Mattoscio Mara
Published: March 2018

The story of Sara Baartman, who was brought to Europe in 1810 to be exhibited as the erotic-exotic freak ‘Hottentot Venus’, is arguably the most famous case study of the scientific validation of (gendered) racism. Her scientific examination and post-mortem dissection by Georges Cuvier, who looked for an alleged connection between the Khoisan and the orangutan, have been the object of famous critical works (Gilman, 1985; Haraway, 1989; Fausto-Sterling, 1995), but also exposed her to the unpalatable fate of becoming the ‘quintessential’ figure of intersecting gender and racial oppressions. This paper deals with Abdellatif Kechiche's film Venus Noire (2010), which interestingly rearticulates the (in)famous narrative in unexpected ways. Shot by a male director who is also a postcolonial subject, the film exposes the performativity not only of gender and racial identities, but also of science theorisation, while at the same time raising the issue of whether exposing a violent male colonial gaze on a heavily exhibited woman can contribute to a counter-knowledge of her experience or rather risks reiterating the historical violence. The startling dynamic between the portrayed abuse and Kechiche's peculiar filmic strategies is the crucial focus of this paper. While Sara's body is continually exposed and violated, Venus Noire relies on her face, shot in recurrent extreme close ups, as a haunting presence potentially exceeding violence. Drawing on Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari's (1987 [1980]) account of the close up, I explore how Kechiche's take on Sara's face builds a strong connection with the spectator's extra-filmic dimension. As a case of what Deleuze and Guattari call a ‘reflective face’, such close ups invest the viewer with the ethical responsibility of being complicit in the othering practices of (post)colonial times. Vénus Noire thus manages to engage the spectator's own corporeal awareness of violence, and calls attention to the persisting exploitation of sexual and racial colonial tropes in the contemporary world.
Stability and band offsets between c-plane ZnO semiconductor and LaAlO3 gate dielectric
Authors: Wang Jianli , Chen Xinfeng , Wu Shuyin , Tang Gang , Zhang Junting , Stampfl C.
Published: March 2018

Wurtzite-perovskite heterostructures composed of a high dielectric constant oxide and a wide bandgap semiconductor envision promising applications in field-effect transistors. In the present paper, the structural and electronic properties of LaAlO3/ZnO heterojunctions are investigated by first-principles calculations. We study the initial adsorption of La, Al, and oxygen atoms on ZnO (0001) and (0001¯) surfaces and find that La atoms may occupy interstitial sites during the growth of stoichiometric ZnO (0001). The band gap of the stoichiometric ZnO (0001) surface is smaller than that of the stoichiometric ZnO (0001¯) surface. The surface formation energy indicates that La or Al atoms may substitute Zn atoms at the nonstoichiometric ZnO (0001) surface. The atomic charges, electronic density of states, and band offsets are analyzed for the optimized LaAlO3/ZnO heterojunctions. There is a band gap for the LaAlO3/ZnO (0001¯) heterostructures, and the largest variation in charge occurs at the surface or interface. Our results suggest that the Al-terminated LaAlO3/ZnO (0001¯) interfaces are suitable for the design of metal oxide semiconductor devices because the valence and conduction band offsets are both larger than 1 eV and the interface does not produce any in-gap states.
A composite approach boosts transduction coefficients of piezoceramics for energy harvesting
Authors: Yu Xiaole , Hou Yudong , Zheng Mupeng , Zhao Haiyan , Zhu Mankang
Published: March 2018

Piezoelectric energy harvesting is a hotspot in the field of new energy, the core goal of which is to prepare piezoceramics with a high transduction coefficient (d33×g33). The traditional solid–solution design strategy usually causes the same variation trend of d33 and εr, resulting in a low d33×g33 value. In this work, a composite design strategy was proposed that uses PZN–PZT/ZnAl2O4 as an example. By introducing ZnAl2O4, which is nonferroelectric with low εr, to the PZN–PZT piezoelectric matrix, εr decreased rapidly while d33 remained relatively stable. This behavior was ascribed to the increase of Q33 caused by an interfacial effect facilitating the formation of micro-domain structure.
Improved thermoelectric performance of CdO by adding SiC fibers versus by adding SiC nanoparticles inclusions
Authors: Liang S. , Li Longjiang
Published: March 2018

We report the improved thermoelectric (TE) performance of CdO by alloying with SiC fibers. In contrast to the lowered thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) in a CdO matrix with SiC nanoparticle composites, an appreciable ZT value increment of about 36% (from 0.32 to 0.435) at 1000 K was obtained in the CdO matrix with SiC fiber composites. Both kinds of composites show substantially decreased thermal conductivity due to additional phonon scattering by the nano-inclusions. Compared to the very high electrical resistivity (ρ ∼ 140 μΩ m) for 5 at. % SiC nanoparticle composites, SiC fiber composites favorably maintained a very low ρ (∼30 μΩ m) even with 5 at. % SiC at 1000 K. We think the substantial difference of specific surface areas of these two nano-inclusions (30 m2/g for fibers vs 300 m2/g for nanoparticles) might play a crucial role to fine tune the TE performance. Larger interface could be inductive to diffusion and electron acceptor activation, which affect carrier mobility considerably. This work might hint at an alternative approach to improve TE materials' performance.
Acceptor-modulated optical enhancements and band-gap narrowing in ZnO thin films
Authors: Hassan Ali , Jin Yuhua , Irfan Muhammad , Jiang Yijian
Published: March 2018

Fermi-Dirac distribution for doped semiconductors and Burstein-Moss effect have been correlated first time to figure out the conductivity type of ZnO. Hall Effect in the Van der Pauw configuration has been applied to reconcile our theoretical estimations which evince our assumption. Band-gap narrowing has been found in all p-type samples, whereas blue Burstein-Moss shift has been recorded in the n-type films. Atomic Force Microscopic (AFM) analysis shows that both p-type and n-type films have almost same granular-like structure with minor change in average grain size (∼ 6 nm to 10 nm) and surface roughness rms value 3 nm for thickness ∼315 nm which points that grain size and surface roughness did not play any significant role in order to modulate the conductivity type of ZnO. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) have been employed to perform the structural, chemical and elemental analysis. Hexagonal wurtzite structure has been observed in all samples. The introduction of nitrogen reduces the crystallinity of host lattice. 97% transmittance in the visible range with 1.4 × 107 Ω-1cm-1 optical conductivity have been detected. High absorption value in the ultra-violet (UV) region reveals that NZOs thin films can be used to fabricate next-generation high-performance UV detectors.
Comprehensive representation of the Lennard-Jones equation of state based on molecular dynamics simulation data
Authors: Pieprzyk S. , Brańka A. C. , Maćkowiak Sz. , Heyes D. M.
Published: March 2018

The equation of state (EoS) of the Lennard-Jones fluid is calculated using a new set of molecular dynamics data which extends to higher temperature than in previous studies. The modified Benedict-Webb-Rubin (MBWR) equation, which goes up to ca. T ∼ 6, is reparametrized with new simulation data. A new analytic form for the EoS, which breaks the fluid range into two regions with different analytic forms and goes up to ca. T ≃ 35, is also proposed. The accuracy of the new formulas is at least as good as the MBWR fit and goes to much higher temperature allowing it to now encompass the Amagat line. The fitted formula extends into the high temperature range where the system can be well represented by inverse power potential scaling, which means that our specification of the equation of state covers the entire (ρ, T) plane. Accurate analytic fit formulas for the Boyle, Amagat, and inversion curves are presented. Parametrizations of the extrema loci of the isochoric, CV, and isobaric, CP, heat capacities are given. As found by others, a line maxima of CP terminates in the critical point region, and a line of minima of CP terminates on the freezing line. The line of maxima of CV terminates close to or at the critical point, and a line of minima of CV terminates to the right of the critical point. No evidence for a divergence in CV in the critical region is found.
Elastocaloric effects in ultra-fine grained NiTi microwires processed by cold-drawing
Authors: Zhang Xuexi , Qian Mingfang , Zhu Xuejie , Shang Cheng , Geng Lin
Published: March 2018

Efficient elastocaloric cooling in shape memory alloys requires a stable superelastic behavior in which high yield strength is needed. Here Ni50.4Ti49.6 microwires with diameter 130 μm and ultra-fine grains ∼30 nm were prepared by multi-step cold-drawing and low-temperature annealing. Enhanced cyclic stability of the elastocaloric effects induced by the superelastic training was demonstrated. The pre-trained microwire showed a stable ΔSe 43 J/(kg K) with a broad working temperature range ΔT ∼ 70 K. The superelastic trained microwire, with giant and stable ΔSe over a wide working temperature window, may act as a promising elastocaloric cooling material for minor-sized devices.
Multi-GPU hybrid programming accelerated three-dimensional phase-field model in binary alloy
Authors: Zhu Changsheng , Liu Jieqiong , Zhu Mingfang , Feng Li
Published: March 2018

In the process of dendritic growth simulation, the computational efficiency and the problem scales have extremely important influence on simulation efficiency of three-dimensional phase-field model. Thus, seeking for high performance calculation method to improve the computational efficiency and to expand the problem scales has a great significance to the research of microstructure of the material. A high performance calculation method based on MPI+CUDA hybrid programming model is introduced. Multi-GPU is used to implement quantitative numerical simulations of three-dimensional phase-field model in binary alloy under the condition of multi-physical processes coupling. The acceleration effect of different GPU nodes on different calculation scales is explored. On the foundation of multi-GPU calculation model that has been introduced, two optimization schemes, Non-blocking communication optimization and overlap of MPI and GPU computing optimization, are proposed. The results of two optimization schemes and basic multi-GPU model are compared. The calculation results show that the use of multi-GPU calculation model can improve the computational efficiency of three-dimensional phase-field obviously, which is 13 times to single GPU, and the problem scales have been expanded to 8193. The feasibility of two optimization schemes is shown, and the overlap of MPI and GPU computing optimization has better performance, which is 1.7 times to basic multi-GPU model, when 21 GPUs are used.
Distribution and status of threatened and endemic marsupials on the offshore islands of south-east Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Martin Thomas E. , Monkhouse Joseph , O'Connell Darren P. , Analuddin Kangkuso , Karya Adi , Priston Nancy E. C. , Palmer Charlotte A. , Harrison Barnabas , Baddams Jack , Mustari Abdul H. , Wheeler Philip M. , Tosh David G.
Published: March 2018

We highlight hitherto unreported populations of two globally threatened phalangerid species on south-east Sulawesi’s offshore islands – bear cuscus (Ailurops ursinus) and small Sulawesi cuscus (Strigocuscus celebensis) – and observations of a third range-restricted species – Peleng cuscus (Strigocuscus pelengensis). Our data are based on records made during 11 years of seasonal surveys on Buton, and short-term expeditions to Kabaena and Manui. Our observations of S. celebensis on Buton, where it occurs in three protected areas, represent an important range extension for this species, as do our observations of A. ursinus on Kabaena, where it is also widespread. We also report the unexpected presence of S. pelengensis on Manui. Buton, in particular, appears to be an important stronghold for both A. ursinus and S. celebensis, given that forest ecosystems here remain extensive and relatively intact. Both these species may also display a previously unreported adaptability to disturbed forest and even some non-forest habitats within our study area. Hunting pressures, a proven threat to these species in northern Sulawesi, may also be lesser here.
Influence of light sources on body characteristics of female Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) in different reproductive ages
Authors: Bobadilla-Mendez M. F. , Cañas-Mendoza E. A. , Batista L. M. , Retes P. L. , Ferreira L. G. , Alcebiades S. A. P. , Teixeira L. V. , Alvarenga R. R. , Fassani E. J. , Zangeronimo M. G.
Published: March 2018

The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of different light sources on organ characteristics, bone development, chemical body composition and hepatic function of female Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) in different reproductive ages. In total, 210 female 1-day-old birds were housed in a brick shed, which was divided into six rooms during 12 weeks. Each room was equipped with a different type of light bulb (incandescent; compact fluorescent; and white, blue, red and green light-emitting diodes (LEDs)) and contained seven cages with five birds in each. The light intensity was 15 lx and the photoperiod was 23 h light and 1 h dark (23L:1D) during the first week, 10 L:14D from the second to the fifth week, and 17L:7D until the end of the experiment. The experimental design was completely randomised, with six treatments and seven replicates of each bird. The morphophysiological conditions of the birds were evaluated at the beginning (8 weeks) and during peak production (12 weeks). At 8 weeks, a higher intestine weight and length and liver weight were observed in birds maintained in white LED (P < 0.05). Lower breast weight (P < 0.01) was also observed with this type of lamp. White and red LEDs decreased (P < 0.05) the percentage of ash in the tibia, but this reduction did not affect (P > 0.05) bone resistance. At 12 weeks, higher bone resistance was obtained (P < 0.01) with white LED and higher eye diameter was observed (P < 0.05) with incandescent and white LED lamps. There was no influence (P > 0.05) of light sources on the circulating levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. Fluorescent bulbs resulted in the highest (P < 0.05) level of γ-glutamyltransferase, while blue LED resulted in the lowest level. There was no influence (P > 0.05) of light sources on chemical body composition in any of the evaluated ages. It was concluded that the photostimulation of Japanese quail with white LED is more efficient to stimulate their organ development, especially the intestine, until 8 weeks of life, resulting in birds with better bone development during peak production.