bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prohibited commoning
Authors: Polson Michael , Bodwitch Hekia
Published: December 2021

Oddly, criminal prohibition can lead to “commoning,” when individuals, left unprotected by state and formal property rights, innovate collective systems to access, use, and benefit from illegalized resources. “Legalization” entails the conversion of these prohibited commons to legal property systems, bringing new freedoms and liberties as well as the dispossession of collectively generated assets (material, relational, and otherwise). This paradox of legalization is currently playing out among U.S. states moving to legalize cannabis. Motivated by the failures of cannabis prohibition and its grievous harms, the question looms: How will states and markets grapple with the collectively generated assets and relational systems generated under prohibition? Building from ethnographic research and survey data, this article argues for recognition of the commoning practices that produced the resources upon which the legal market is based. These practices illuminate ways that legalization may deliver not only markets and regulation but also emancipatory justice in the wake of the War on Drugs. First, we document the commoning practices of cannabis cultivators, the collective benefits they generated under prohibition, and how legalization is affecting these practices and dynamics. Second, we explore strategies, like allotment and pricing systems, that build from prohibited commoning practices to achieve greater collective benefits and the emancipatory potential of legalization.
Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing in the Diagnosis of Deep Sternal Wound Infection After Cardiac Transplantation: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Yu Jiongbiao , Wu Rongjie , Xiong Bing , Huang Zhifeng , Li Hanhua
Published: December 2021

Purpose: To explore the value of metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS) for deep sternal wound infection (DSWI) diagnosis.
Methods: mNGS was used to diagnose DSWI after cardiac transplantation; DSWI was treated with surgical debridement, wound care, and antibiotic therapy guided by mNGS.
Results: Coinfection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) was detected in this patient. The infection was controlled and the wound healed successfully with the specific medicine based on mNGS results for 3 weeks.
Conclusion: mNGS is effective to achieve precise, individualized, and rapid treatment for wound infection.
Compact silencers with discrete baffle elements for new-generation light small arms
Authors:   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Pylypenko O.V. , Konovalov N.A. ,   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Kovalenko V.I. ,   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine, Semenchuk D.V. ,   Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine
Published: December 2021

This paper presents the results of the development of silencers, whose design features discrete baffle elements. The advisability of silencers of this type is confirmed by their operational reliability and shot sound suppression efficiency in their actual service as part of light small arms of different types. To design advanced silencers, technical requirements for their design were developed. The paper describes the possibility of using discrete elements (cones, hemispheres, flat baffles, etc.) as the key component of a powder gas spreader. Differently shaped elements are used as additional elements that form a powder gas flow inside a silencer: for example, cylindrical elements, including perforated ones to provide a powder gas flow between the expansion chambers. One way to increase silencer efficiency is an additional expansion chamber that embraces the external part of the barrel and is gas-dynamically connected to a traditional muzzle silencer. In deciding on an optimum design for compact silencers, the following was redetermined: the number of expansion chambers and the dimensions thereof, the powder gas energy converter design, the baffle type, the presence of a gas flow between the chambers near the inner surface of the silencer body, and, if so, the gas flow rate. The silencer design was optimized based on simulating the processes inside the silencer using the authors’ efficiency calculation procedure for silencers with different internal components. Comparison tests of the silencers developed and foreign silencers confirmed a high efficiency of the former. The silencers with discrete baffles for light small arms developed at the Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine compare well in performance with their best foreign counterparts. The designs of some of them are covered by Ukrainian patents.
Effect of Farming and Rainfall on the Species Diversity, Population Density and Community Structure of Birds Breeding in the Kalahari Woodland, NE Namibia
Authors: Kopij G.
Published: December 2021

The line transect method has been employed to assess species diversity, population densities and community structure of birds breeding in a mosaic of Kalahari Woodland and farmland, NE Namibia. The transect, 4.5 km long, was surveyed in 2014 and 2015. The total annual rainfall in 2014 was much higher than in 2015 (427 mm vs. 262 mm). In total, 40 breeding species in 2014, and 46 in 2015 were recorded. Six species were dominant in 2014 (Cape Turtle Dove, Laughing Dove, Emerald-spotted Dove, Blue Waxbill, and White-browed Scrub Robin) and only three species in 2015 (Cape Turtle Dove and Blue Waxbill and Yellow-fronted Canary). Although the cumulative dominance in 2014 almost doubled that in 2015, the Community Index in both years was almost identical. Also diversity indices and evenness index were very similar in both years compared. Granivorous birds were the most numerous feeding guild. Their contribution was similar in 2014 and 2015 (46.7 % vs. 43.4 %). Two other feeding guilds, insectivores and frugivores, comprised together more than 50 % in both years. The number of bird species and species diversity were not influenced by the differential rainfall. However, contrary to expectations, population densities of most bird species (at least the more numerous ones) were higher in the year with lower than in the year with higher rainfall. The number of species and species diversity was similar in the farmland and in neighbouring Kalahari Woodland in a pristine stage. However, population densities of most species were lower in the farmland than in the pristine woodland.
New Records of Sciarid Species (Diptera, Sciaridae) from Ukraine. III
Authors: Babytskiy A. I. , Bezsmertna O. O.
Published: December 2021

Five species of black fungus gnats Corynoptera furcifera Mohrig & Mamaev, 1987, Cratyna (Cratyna) fulvicauda (Felt, 1898), Lycoriella lundstromi (Frey, 1948), Pseudolycoriella paludum (Frey, 1948) and Xylosciara (Xylosciara) heptacantha Tuomikoski, 1957 are recorded from Ukraine for the first time. Distributions of these species are summarized and diagnoses of the species are provided.
The estimation and forecast of solar energy yield with Weibull distribution
Authors: Garbai Laszlo , Kovacs Zoltan
Published: December 2021

In the first and second chapter the article provides an overview of the currently used energy sources in Hungary and the most popular renewable energies. In addition, the Weibull estimation is presented, too. The subsequent chapter looks at some of the research results about the solar energy optimization with Weibull distribution. The study presented is a mathematical solution of the solar energy optimization with distribution. The final chapter contains a brief explanation of the results. This publication briefly summarizes a prototype solution for an estimation and forecast of solar energy and yield with Weibull distribution.
O perswazji w staropolskich poradnikach przeciwdżumowych
Authors:   Uniwersytet Śląski, Katowice, Polska, Walińska Marzena
Published: December 2021

The aim of the article is to analyse the anti-plague handbooks from the 16th and 17th centuries as persuasive texts. The exemplification material consists of works diversified in terms of structure, style and volume, written by Piotr Umiastowski, Sebastian Petrycy from Pilzno, Marcin from Klecko and Paweł Lubiecki. The analysis of the texts and elements of the literary and editorial framework shows how the authors defined the audience and adapted the text to it on the level of inventio (argumentation based on ethos, arguments from authority and from example) and dispositio. The methods and means recommended in the anti-pest manuals could not – from the perspective of today’s medical knowledge – be effective in combating the epidemic. Still, the texts undoubtedly allowed to tackle the phenomenon and to give spiritual support to the sick and threatened.
Anatomia epidemii. Intelektualna walka Grzegorza Piramowicza z zarazą ospy prawdziwej w kontekście wypowiedzi Woltera i Tissota
Authors:   Uniwersytet Łódzki, Polska, Pawlata Małgorzata
Published: December 2021

The subject of the article is the attempt to spread vaccinations against smallpox undertaken by the circle of intellectuals gathered around king Stanislav August Poniatowski. There are two aspects described in the article. Educating the society by publishing effects of work conducted by doctors in Western Europe based on observations of medicine in the Far and Middle East. The second aspect is popularizing healthy behaviours amongst the readers of magazines and newspapers in the Stanislaw August Poniatowaski Era namely encouragement to vaccinate. The article is concentrated on the analysis of writings by Grzegorz Piramowicz published in “Zabawy Przyjemne i Pożyteczne” (Pleasant and Useful Games)” inspired by the Voltaire’s letter “On smallpox vaccinating”.
Panegiryk z epidemią w tle. Ignacego Szydłowskiego „Oda na pamiątkę urodzin doktora Jennera, wynalazcy wakcyny, obchodzoną przez Cesarskie Towarzystwo Medyczne w Wilnie d. 6 maja 1820”
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Podolska Paulina
Published: December 2021

The text concerns the “Ode in Memory of Doctor Jenner, the Inventor of the Vaccine, Celebrated by the Medical Association in Vilnius…” [pol. „Oda na pamiątkę urodzin doktora Jennera, wynalazcy wakcyny, obchodzoną przez Cesarskie Towarzystwo Medyczne w Wilnie…”], written in 1820 by forgotten Lithuanian poet, Ignacy Szydlowski. This poem, delivered in front of the Medical Association in Vilnius and reprinted at least fourfold, was dedicated to the memory of the English doctor and originator of vaccination against smallpox. Therefore, it belongs to the post-partition poetry devoted to works of famous personalities of the world of science. The article includes analysis and interpretation of Szydłowski’s poem in the light of Polish and European encomiastic tradition. The primary aim of this consideration is to show the real implication that panegiryc poetic have on literary image of epidemic.
Leprosus i księżna. Pielęgnacja zakaźnie chorych w świetle dokumentów z procesu kanonizacyjnego św. Elżbiety Węgierskiej
Authors:   Uniwersytet w Białymstoku, Polska, Puchalska-Dąbrowska Bernadetta M.
Published: December 2021

The aim of the article is to present the image of the care of the infectiously ill in the documents of the canonization process of St. Elizabeth of Hungary (1207–1231). The material under discussion includes the testimonies of the saint’s spiritual director Conrad of Marburg, her four servants and additional hagiographical material. The accounts made by direct observers of the duchess’ life emphasize the variety of forms of her involvement in the care of lepers and suffering from diseases that cause similar symptoms, arousing disgust in people from her surroundings. The narrative, rich in drastic details, plays the role of a hagiographic argumentatio illustrating the heroism of the central character of the testimonies.
Dzielnica, ale jaka? Kilka uwag o epitetach określających getto warszawskie
Authors:   Uniwersytet Warszawski, Polska, Witkowska-Krych Agnieszka
Published: December 2021

The text is an attempt of presenting and analyzing the linguistic landscape connected with describing and/or precising the features of the Warsaw Ghetto, i.e. Jewish closed residential area in Warsaw, created by the Germans in 1940 for more than four hundred thousand Jews. The most frequent phrase that was replacing the word „ghetto” was the formulation „Jewish residential district”, which was the direct translation of the German term „Jüdischer Wohnbezirk”, officially used to name this particular area. A collection of epithets that accompany the word „district”, found in the historical sources, both of Jewish and Polish origin, written during the war or many years after the war had ended, coming from various sematic fields, show the attitude of the speaker or writer to this new topographic solution, that not only divided the city, but also stigmatized and separated physically its inhabitants.
Kim był Bonawentura Pleciuch, autor wiersza „Prośba do Aniołów Stróżów, aby nas zachowali od gotycyzmu” (1822)?
Authors:   Uniwersytet Wrocławski, Polska, Pluta Paweł
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this paper is an attempt to determine the authorship of a poem entitled “A Plea to Guardian Angels to save us from gothicism” published in 1822 under the pseudonym of Bonawentura Pleciuch. In my analysis I propose a hypothesis that the poem’s satirical tone and the place of its publication, local periodical “Krakus”, allow us to link it with the name of Konstanty Majeranowski. I discuss Majeranowski’s literary activity, paying special attention to his feature columns entitled “A Philospohical Scrap”, all of which in high probability suggests his authorship of “A Plea to Guardian Angels…”.
Sprawy Czesława Miłosza w zapiskach osobistych Marii Dąbrowskiej i Anny Kowalskiej
Authors:   Instytut Badań Literackich PAN, Warszawa, Polska, Głębicka Ewa
Published: December 2021

One of the threads of the dailies and the correspondence of Maria Dąbrowska and Anna Kowalska published so far in excerpts is the so-called “Miłosz’s case”. The poet became the cause of a conflict between these two writers of a purely personal nature, which also influenced their evaluation of the poet’s work and life decisions. They also referred to Czesław Miłosz’s decision in 1951, when he applied for asylum in France, which was perceived by many in the literary and political circles both in Poland and abroad as an act of treason. The article shows some of the less known circumstances of the complicated “Milosz’s life affairs” from those years, seen from the perspective of both writers and their immediate environment.
Trzy oblicza listu
Authors:   Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie, Polska, Kopa Dawid
Published: December 2021

The article aims at a critical analysis of materials included in the eighth volume of “Epistolografia w dawnej Rzeczypospolitej” [Epistolography in the Former Republic of Poland]. It is a series edited by the academics from the Pedagogical University in Krakow: Piotr Borek and Marcel Olma. The eighth volume has been co-edited by Marcin Piątek. The monograph adopts a scientific approach to epistolography, analysing it from three perspectives, namely literary, linguistic and historical.
Emila Ciorana filozofia człowieka
Authors:   Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu, Polska, Błaszczyk Marek
Published: December 2021

The article presents a critical approach to “Podmiot w filozofii Emila Ciorana” by Mateusz Rura (Wydawnictwo UMCS, Lublin 2019). It discusses the main theses presented in the dissertation and invites to reflection on Cioran’s philosophy. The paper shows fundamental existential problems, such as self-consciousness, loneliness, suffering, despair, melancholy, suicide and fear of death.
Literackie obrazy epidemii o proweniencji szkolnej z XVII i XVIII wieku (wybrane zagadnienia)
Authors:   Uniwersytet Łódzki, Polska, Mieszek Małgorzata
Published: December 2021

The subject of the article are literary images of the epidemic contained in works originating from the academic environment. Among the analysed texts are occasional works devoted to students who died due to the plague (a sermon by a Dominican, Michał Wojniłowicz; a poem in poem by a professor of the Krakow Academy – Paweł Zapartowic). They fit into the panegyric convention, but at the same time revealed the medical awareness of the time (symptoms of infection, hygienic and medical procedures conducted on the patient) and the personal involvement of the teachers. The second group of analysed texts consists of plays staged on the Piarist and Jesuit colleges’ stages. They are related to the cult of „the plague saints”. They also deal with the theme of plague as a form of punishment for sins that affects some antagonists. In some plays, personifications of natural disasters and epidemics are used. The article revealed that there were relatively few literary images of the plague related to the academic environment. The causes of epidemics and the methods of their prevention were much more often mentioned in handbooks and calendars, available to the general public. The community of students and teachers was rather active in the religious field, acting in associations and congregations, as well as participating in propitiatory services and processions.
Decreased beta-defensin-2 level in the gingival crevicular fluid as a potential predictor for developing inflammatory periodontal diseases
Authors: Tikhomirova Ekaterina A. , Atrushkevich V. G. , Linnik E. , Konopleva M. V. , Zudina I. V.
Published: December 2021

-defensin-2 (HBD-2) is a peptide of innate immunity that provides the first defenсe line in the oral mucosa against invading pathobionts. Under inflammatory conditions, epithelial cells and gingival fibroblasts produce HBD-2. The defective defensin secretion may play a crucial role in the development of inflammatory periodontal diseases. The study was aimed at comparing HBD-2 levels in the gingival fluid and/or periodontal pockets in patients with dental plaque-induced gingivitis (PG), aggressive periodontitis (AgP), chronic generalized periodontitis (CP) and in the periodontally healthy subjects (Control). We examined 142 patients (45.01.03 years) residing in Moscow, including 11 patients with PG (35.73.69 years), 43 patients with AgP (35.40.84 years), 71 patients with CP (54.40.86 years) and 17 controls (36.12.92 years). We assessed the periodontal tissue condition in all patients during the periodontal and X-ray examination. The samples of the gingival crevicular fluid and periodontal pocket contents were collected from the gingival sulcus and periodontal pockets at 8 teeth of both jaws by paper points. The concentration (C) of -defensin-2 was determined by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA Kit for Defensin Beta 2, Cloud-Clone Corp., USA). MannWhitney U-test (U), the KruskalWallis test (H) and the DwassSteelCritchlowFligner post hoc test (W) analyzed a difference significance between the parameters. We estimated the parameter relationship and its power by using the Spearmanʼs rank correlation coefficient (rS). The critical significance level was p 0.05. The current study showed that the progression of the periodontal inflammation is accompanied by sharply decreased HBD-2 concentration in patient samples (H = 42.8, df = 3, р 0.001). Thus, the concentration of HBD-2 in the gingival crevicular fluid of the periodontally healthy subjects (control group) ranged from 225 to 1720 pg/ml (C = 738 [477; 1114] pg/ml). In patients with PG, the median value of peptide concentration was 242 [42.5; 610] pg/ml (Cmin = 19 pg/ml, Cmax = 1000 pg/ml). In patients with periodontitis, it declined to critically low levels: CAgP = 54 [3; 195] pg/ml (Cmin = 0, Cmax = 478 pg/ml) and ССP = 25.5 [0; 125] pg/ml (Cmin = 0, Cmax = 298 pg/ml). Thus, we can consider the level of HBD-2 in the gingival crevicular fluid as a potential predictor for developing inflammatory periodontal diseases.
Imbalanced immunobiological reactivity, infection and mutagenesis factors in the hepatobiliary system affected by a natural focal habitat factor — a trematode invasion by Opisthorchis felineus
Authors: Rybka A. G.
Published: December 2021

An interaction between decreasing host anti-infective defense due to long-term invasion with Opisthorchis felineus in the hepatobiliary system, duct bile colonization by microflora and revealing the endogenous mutagenesis (carcinogenesis) factor in bile — secondary bile acids — is considered in the article. The role of organism genotype in pathogen-related immune response to Opisthorchis felineus trematode and helminth development in the hepatobiliary system has been shown. The role of dysregulated mechanisms of tissue homeostasis in induction of compensatory chronic homeostatic proliferation and somatic cell oncogenesis is discussed. The study results evidence that disturbed functioning of regulatory T cells, inhibition of the NK cell effector function and very high functional activity of memory B cells are of great importance in imbalanced host immunobiological reactivity, caused by chronic opistorchis invasion. Decreased host anti-infective protection causes intrahepatic bile duct infection with different bacterial species. Presence of secondary bile acids in hepatobiliary system was associated with biliary bacterial strains inhabiting intestinal tract: Proteus vulgaris, Proteus mirabilis, Citrobacter freundii, Bacteroides alcaligues faecalis, Clostridium, Streptococcus faecalis, Еscherichia coli — gut microflora agents. Participation of microbiota in bile acid biotransformation immediately in the duct bile has been confirmed in experiments in vitro. Experimental methods on Drosophila melanogaster and Salmonella typhimurium strains: TA100, TA98 allowed to find out that bile from chronic opistorchiasis patients exerts higher mutagenic activity compared to control groups. Mutational events in somatic and bacterial cells depend on the presence of secondary bile acids (deoxycholic, lithocholic) in duct bile, as well as the level of total bile acid concentration. The study data confirm the concept by Professor A.A. Shain about the presence of endogenous risk factor for developing primary cholangiocellular liver cancer such as secondary bile acids in the bile of chronic opistorchiasis patients. A concept of cholangiocarcinogenesis, based on mutational events, is added up with disturbance of generative cycle in tissue cells and their differentiation due to decreased chalone factor activity, as well as sensitivity threshold to it. Level of investigation and understanding of mechanisms underlying cholangiocarcinogenesis during chronic opisthorchis invasion will allow to develop pathogenetic approaches to correct homeostasis regulation and prevention of cholangiocarcinomas.
The role of Helicobacter pylori in complex human comorbidity
Authors: Sergeeva A. V. , Shkarin V. V. , Kovalishena O. V.
Published: December 2021

One of the main features of modern medicine is the fact that the majority of somatic diseases lose their mononosological nature and acquire the status of comorbidity. Examining complex comorbidity is a priority for specialists in various medical disciplines. Accomplishing scientific research and obtaining nessesary data as well as their further comprehension allowed to formulate major directions for investigating a comorbidity issue. Primarily, it concerns studying rate and general patterns for combination of pathologies, determining features of clinical course and strategy for using drug therapy. Comorbidity issue is rarely considered among infectious diseases. It should be understood that a term “comorbidity” refers to the state of the concomitant detection of several diseases. This terminology may and should be applied to combined somatic and infectious pathology envisioned as a complex pathological condition, but with some additions. The term “complex comorbidity”, in our opinion, is also valid both in case of either simultaneous or sequential presence of psychosomatic pathology and monoetiological infection, as well as somatic pathology and polyetiological infection. After H. pylori was discovered, over the past decades a significant number of studies have emerged regarding a role of helicobacter in etiology and pathogenesis of a large number of somatic diseases. The accumulated knowledge has determined that Helicobacteriosis is the most common bacterial infection in human, and H. pylori is considered as the cause for developing pathology of the gastrointestinal tract as well as other host organs and systems. At the current stage in the development of medicine, H. pylori is not only associated with occurrence of gastric and duodenal ulcers, because the microbe-linked pathogenic effect is not limited only to diseases of the gastroduodenal area. Helicobacter pylori infection can be considered as a trigger in emerging somatic pathology such as chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcer, MALT lymphoma, and gastric adenocarcinoma. These conditions may be referred to the status of complex comorbidity. To date, association links between Helicobacter pylori and idiopathic iron deficiency anemia, as well as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, have been reliably determined. Thus, various clinical aspects of H. pylori infection are heterogeneous and have a wide range of pathological conditions, which evidence base is replenished with data both in terms of pathogenesis and clinical components.
The Relationship of Physical Activity Level With Arterial Stiffness, Cerebral Blood Flow, and Cognitive Function in Young Adults
Authors: Lee Ruda , Kim Jin-Su , Lee Eui-Young , Park Shin-Young , Hwang Moon-Hyon , Lim Myong-Joo
Published: December 2021

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the relationship of physical activity level with arterial stiffness, cerebral blood flow, and cognitive function in young adults.METHODS: Forty-six young adults participated in this cross-sectional study. Physical activity levels were assessed for seven consecutive days using accelerometers. To assess arterial stiffness, the carotid–femoral artery pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) and augmentation index (AIx) were measured. Cognitive function was assessed using the Stroop Color-Word test, and cerebral blood flow was evaluated using near-infrared spectroscopy devices during the cognitive function test.RESULTS: AIx was inversely associated with axis-1 counts, vector magnitude counts, moderate-intensity physical activity (MPA) time, and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) time (r≤-0.31, p≤.04). The AIx adjusted to the heart rate of 75 beats per minute was inversely correlated with axis-1 counts, vector magnitude counts, step counts, MPA time, and MVPA time (r≤-0.33, p≤.03). There was no relationship between cfPWV and physical activity level parameters (r≤0.10, p≥.51). The difference between oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin levels was positively related to axis-1 counts, step counts, MPA time, and MVPA time (r≥0.31, p≤.04). Regarding cognitive function, the response time for the presented words was negatively associated with step counts (r=-0.42, p<.01) and MPA time (r=-0.29, p=.048), and response time on the presented words with matched color was negatively related to step counts (r=-0.31, p=.04).CONCLUSIONS: More physically active adults are more likely to have lower arterial stiffness, increased brain oxygenation, and better cognitive function, even if they are young and healthy.
O USO DE BLOGS COMO FERRAMENTA DE APOIO AO DESENVOLVIMENTO DA PRODUÇÃO ESCRITA EM LÍNGUA INGLESA
Authors: Oliveira Flávia Medianeira de
Published: December 2021

RESUMO O uso das Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de línguas se constitui como uma das alternativas na elaboração de práticas pedagógicas que visem tornar esse processo mais autônomo para aprendizes e professores. O uso das TDIC no âmbito educacional amplia não apenas as possibilidades de aprimoramento das principais habilidades linguísticas de recepção e produção oral e escrita, como também proporciona o desenvolvimento e a expansão da literacia digital. Este artigo relata uma experiência de ensino-aprendizagem em língua inglesa realizada com acadêmicos iniciantes de um Curso de Letras, visando oportunizar a esses aprendizes o desenvolvimento e o aprimoramento da habilidade escrita por meio da criação de um blog acadêmico. A pesquisa seguiu os pressupostos metodológicos da hermenêutica aplicada ao campo da pesquisa qualitativa, buscando identificar, analisar e interpretar não apenas o produto final, ou seja, as produções escritas, mas também como se deu esse processo. Os resultados sugerem que o uso do blog em um contexto real de ensino e de aprendizagem de línguas, com foco na formação docente inicial, foi bastante benéfica uma vez que oportunizou a construção de saberes e significados por meio da habilidade escrita. Por meio dessa experiência, os acadêmicos puderam desempenhar o papel de escritores autônomos, ou seja, tiveram a chance de escolher e discutir os temas que lhes interessavam, os gêneros textuais mais apropriados, fazer uso da multimodalidade e aprender a fazer uso das tecnologias digitais em prol de sua aprendizagem.
Parkinson’s disease hospitalization rates and pesticide use in urban and non-urban regions of Brazil
Authors: Santos Aline de Souza Espindola , Krawczyk Noa , Parks Christine Gibson , Asmus Carmen Froes Ildes , Câmara Volney de Magalhães , Lima Jaime , Meyer Armando
Published: December 2021

Abstract Background Few studies have evaluated the role played by pesticide exposure in the development of Parkinson’s disease (PD) in Brazil. Objective This study aimed to investigate the association between pesticide use and PD hospitalization in Brazilian micro-regions. Method Pesticide expenditure per capita in 1985 and PD hospitalization rates (HR) from 1997 to 2007 were calculated for all 552 Brazilian micro-regions. The Spearman's correlation test was used to compare pesticide expenditure and PD HR by sex, age, and urban and non-urban micro-regions. Micro-regions were grouped according to the quintiles of pesticide expenditure. PD HR ratios (HRR) were calculated to compare PD HR across the quintiles of pesticide expenditure. Results Moderate correlation (r=0.518; p<0.001) between PD HR in non-urban micro-regions and pesticide expenditure was observed. In non-urban areas, compared with micro-regions of the first quintile of pesticide use, PD HRR ranged from 1.70 to 5.90 in micro-regions of higher pesticide use. In general, regardless of sex and age, the higher the use of pesticides, the greater the magnitude of PD HRR. Conclusion Our results suggest that pesticide use is associated with PD in Brazil, especially in non-urban areas where pesticides are used more intensively.
Ethical and technical aspects of Nutrition teleconsultation in COVID-19 days
Authors: BRICARELLO Liliana Paula , POLTRONIERI Fabiana
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of the present work was to identify, summarize and review the main scientific articles, guiding documents, and legal aspects of Nutrition teleconsultation. Methods The study consisted of a narrative review and documental analyses. The narrative review was performed between March and April, 2021, in the PubMed, Scopus and Lilacs databases. The websites of the Federal Council of Nutritionists, the Regional Councils of Nutritionists and the Brazilian Association of Food and Nutrition were browsed for the documental analysis. Results This article presents the main aspects of Nutrition teleconsultation in Brazil and in the world, both technical (practice, request for laboratory exams, prescription of dietary supplements, service disclosure, fees, service platforms and general conditions) and ethical norms (confidentiality and data protection). Some advantages of the Nutrition teleconsultation were also compiled, such as: cost reduction, improved access to services, increased adherence, reduced geographic barriers, increased involvement of patients and their families and improved self-care; limitations included lack of access to the necessary infrastructure, feeling uncomfortable with the technology, concerns about safety or desire to be assisted in person, among others. Conclusion It is concluded that the Nutritional teleconsultation has promising potential in the pandemic, and may be able to overcome the social isolation challenge, that could impose data collection restrictions. Future studies may elucidate, through professional experiences, nutritional teleconsultation’s advantages and limitations, thus allowing more assertive recommendations and quality adjustments to the nutritional teleconsultation.
Acceptability of peanut candy with different proportions of Kinako soy flour and substitution of sucrose by sucralose
Authors: CAMPOS Mayra Fernanda Sousa , PEREIRA Cecília Teresa Muniz , MEDEIROS Alessandra Cazelatto de , BOLINI Helena Maria André
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Objective The aim of this research was to produce new formulations of peanut “paçoca” candy, replacing peanut flour with Kinako flour, and check if the addition of this ingredient bears a negative impact on acceptance. Methods Eight formulations of peanut “paçoca” candy, sweetened with sucrose and sucralose, were prepared with partial and total replacement of peanut flour by Kinako flour. The assessment of the acceptance was carried out by 121 tasters, using the 9cm unstructured hedonic scale. Willingness to purchase the different samples was evaluated by a 5-point scale. In addition, a sociodemographic questionnaire was applied. The results were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey’s test. Results Most of the survey participants stated that they rarely consume soybeans and/or soy derivatives. Regarding acceptance, among the eight formulations analyzed, samples sweetened with sucrose, containing either 100% peanut flour and 50% peanut flour replaced by Kinako flour, did not differ significantly between them (p<0.05) and were the most appreciated by consumers considering the flavor and overall impression attributes. Conclusion The results showed that replacing peanut flour with Kinako flour in peanut “paçoca” candy is feasible and that more sensory studies are needed to add this flour to other foods, to provide the nutritional benefits present in soybean.
Relationship of sociodemographic conditions with the formation of body image in Brazilian adolescents
Authors: BATISTA Leticia Spricido , GONÇALVES Hélida Ventura Barbosa , BANDONI Daniel Henrique
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate the associations between sociodemographic population conditions and adolescents’ body image Methods This is a cross-sectional study using data from the Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE, National School Health Survey), conducted in 2015. The objective was to analyze the relationship between students’ sociodemographic conditions and body image attending public and private schools in Brazil capitals and the Federal District. For the statistical analysis, we conducted the Poisson regression models, generating adjusted prevalence ratios and their respective 95% CI. In the multiple models, sociodemographic variables were included, which were significantly associated with body image variables (p<0.05) or which altered the prevalence ratios by at least 10%. Results The research involved 10,926 adolescentes The analyses showed that the older the adolescents, the greater their dissatisfaction with their body. As for the school administrative status, students from private schools were more unhappy with their image (Girls: 33% and Boys: 17.6%) and, they tend to have more attitudes to lose weight (Girls: 42.8% and Boys: 28%). The mother’s level of education causes daughters to be more dissatisfied with their bodies (33.3%) and sons showing more attitudes of wanting to lose weight (26.6%). Conclusion Sociodemographic conditions are directly and indirectly associated with the adolescents’ body image. Negative deviations in body image can result in binge eating and social disorders hindering the development of these pubescent children. The consequences of these actions become a risk to health and psychological well-being, strongly supporting the initiative of programs aimed at issues related to body image in the school setting.
Matriz de referência como instrumento de apoio ao professor na condução do ensino de mecânica quântica para a licenciatura em física
Authors: Da Silva Souza Rafaelle , Greca Ileana M. , Teixeira Elder , Silva Indianara
Published: December 2021

Neste trabalho investigou-se como tem sido o processo de formação de professores de física na área de mecânica quântica (MQ) no Brasil. Para tanto, analisaram-se documentos que guiam os processos formativos no país, tais como as Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN) e fontes bibliográficas que abordam o tema. Após análise desses documentos, foi apresentada uma Matriz de Referência (MR) a fim de tornar-se um instrumento de apoio ao professor na condução do ensino de MQ. Acredita-se ser possível articular propostas curriculares/cursos de MQ com o enfoque na história e filosofia da ciência que explicitem os conteúdos por meio de uma contextualização diretamente relacionada com o desenvolvimento e avanço da teoria quântica levando os estudantes a refletir sobre como ensiná-la em sua futura prática docente. Feita uma ponte com as componentes curriculares presentes nos cursos de licenciatura em física das instituições do país na área de MQ, concluímos que as relações entre a MQ, licenciatura em física e o processo formativo permeiam, majoritariamente, os conteúdos da velha teoria quântica. No entanto, para uma formação mais eficaz nessa área, sugerem-se que os componentes curriculares se aproximem da MQ moderna de modo contextualizado. A MR representa uma possibilidade de vislumbrar caminhos para a necessária mudança.
Papéis femininos na propaganda e seus efeitos sobre consumidores brasileiros
Authors: Marcon Fernanda Almeida , Rocha Rudimar Antunes da , Ribeiro Ana Maria Simões
Published: December 2021

Resumo Esta pesquisa objetivou analisar as atitudes de adultos brasileiros acerca do retrato de estereótipos femininos na propaganda e seus efeitos na imagem dos anunciantes e na intenção de compra. Para isso, foi aplicado um survey entre novembro e dezembro de 2017, em uma amostra de 519 respondentes. Os dados coletados foram analisados por modelagem de equações estruturais. Concluiu-se que a ofensividade causada por papéis femininos estereotipados na propaganda influenciou a intenção de boicotar os produtos. Confirmou-se que as mulheres apresentam atitudes mais negativas do que os homens quanto aos estereótipos retratados, em termos de ofensividade. Contudo, não houve diferença significativa entre o gênero feminino e masculino quanto ao impacto da ofensividade sobre a imagem da empresa ou a intenção de boicote.
Integrative and complementary practices: interest of the academic community and challenges of medical education
Authors: Gurgel Luiza Gomes Dantas , Jessé Alana Rebeca Bezerra , Silva Djerlly Marques Araújo da , Alencar Pedro Sá Leitão Laporte , Jordán Arturo de Pádua Walfrido , Daniel Nicolas Augusto Alves
Published: December 2021

Abstract: Introduction: Traditional Complementary and Alternative Medicine (TCAM) encompass therapeutic resources of complex medical systems from different medical rationalities. This field of practice has gained greater visibility in recent times, with the increase in demand for health care that prioritizes a more comprehensive approach of human beings, encouraging the health professionals themselves to seek better training. Objective: To evaluate the interest, the degree of knowledge and the attitude of students and teachers of the medical course towards the TCAM and the challenges for their effective teaching. Method: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study with a quantitative approach, which was carried out with 214 individuals, 21 of which were teachers and 193 students attending the first to the twelfth semesters of the medical course at a health education institution in Recife-PE. An online survey was used to assess the study participants regarding their learning sources and the level of interest on this topic, as well as the Portuguese version of the Integrative Medicine Attitude Questionnaire (IMAQ). The data were submitted to descriptive statistical analysis (frequency and percentage), using software R, version 3.4.3. and LibreOffice. Result: Among the study participants, 57.14% of teachers and 35.42% of students were aware of the Nacional TCAM Policy (PNPIC, Política Nacional de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares), 85.71% of the teachers and 91.7% of students considered TCAM to be crucial for Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). Most considered the teaching of TCAM an important subject for the undergraduate medical course (90.48% of teachers and 89.58% of students). The best known practices were yoga, phytotherapy and TCM/acupuncture and there was greater interest to learn yoga and TCM/acupuncture. Conclusion: A large number of students and teachers have never had contact with TCAM. However, most are willing to recommend them to patients and family members and are willing to learn about the topic. Thus, it is recommended that more studies be performed on this topic and that it can corroborate for their inclusion in health courses’ curriculum.
Discrimination of species and populations of the genus Cichla (Cichliformes: Cichlidae) in rivers of the Amazon basin using otolithic morphometry
Authors: Mereles Marcos A. , Sousa Raniere G. C. , Barroco Lorenzo S. A. , Campos Caroline P. , Pouilly Marc , Freitas Carlos E.C.
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT The genus Cichla is a highly diverse group, with 16 species already described. Externally, some species are very similar and discriminating between them may be very difficult. Nevertheless, discrimination of fish stocks is essential for management purposes. Morphometric analyses of otoliths have been successfully used to distinguish species and fish stocks, especially in marine environments. This study evaluated whether sagittal otolith shape can be used to discriminate among the species Cichla temensis, C. monoculus, and C. orinocensis, as well as within populations of C. temensis in rivers of the Amazon. Shape indices and Fourier coefficients were used to describe the shape of the otoliths. Among the groups of species, the morphology of the sagittal otolith of C. temensis was totally distinct from the species C. monoculus and C. orinocensis. While among populations of C. temensis, individuals from the Negro and Jatapú Rivers were different, regardless of the methods used. These results confirm the ability to differentiate species and populations by using the morphology of otoliths. However, more research is needed to verify the role of genetic versus environmental and biotic effects, and thus be able to explain the discrimination observed in otoliths.
Molecular species delimitation of the genera Anodus, Argonectes, Bivibranchia and Micromischodus (Ostariophysi: Characiformes)
Authors: Nogueira Acácio Freitas , Oliveira Claudio , Langeani Francisco , Netto-Ferreira Andre Luiz
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT A good taxonomic assessment of specimens is an essential task to many biological studies and DNA data have provided additional sources of information to assist in the disentanglement of taxonomic problems among living organisms, as has been the case of some taxa of the megadiverse Neotropical ichthyofauna. Here we assessed all valid species in the Neotropical freshwater fish genera Anodus, Argonectes, Bivibranchia and Micromischodus of the family Hemiodontidae to establish molecular species boundaries among them. All species delimitation methods defined exactly only one MOTU for Anodus elongatus, Argonectes longiceps, A. robertsi, Bivibranchia bimaculata, B. notata, B. velox, and Micromischodus sugillatus, resulting in total congruence between nominal species and MOTUs for these seven taxa. The three species having discordant results across analyses: Anodus orinocensis, Bivibranchia fowleri, and Bivibranchia simulata, matched more than one MOTU per species in some methods, meaning that cryptic diversity may exist within these taxa. Overall, this great correspondence among morphological and molecular boundaries for thae species analysed seem to be indicative of a reasonably stable taxonomy within these Hemiodontidae genera.
Rediscovering species: redescription of Bryconops gracilis (Characiformes: Iguanodectidae), an often-misidentified species
Authors: Silva-Oliveira Cárlison , Ota Rafaela P. , Lima Flávio C. T. , Py-Daniel Lúcia Rapp
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT A redescription of Bryconops gracilis is provided, a species poorly known for more than a century. Bryconops gracilis differs from all congeners by having the following combination of features: eight branched pelvic-fin rays, 31-36 anal-fin rays, 15-17 predorsal scales arranged in a regular series, two rows of premaxillary teeth, and 53-60 lateral-line scales. The species was often misidentified as B. alburnoides by sharing an overall elongated body shape, caudal fin yellowish in life, and a high number of lateral-line scales. A diagnosis between B. alburnoides and B. gracilis is provided. The holotype of B. gracilis which for many years had whereabouts unknown, was recovered, examined and illustrated by CT-Scan. Additionally, more detailed information about the type locality, morphology, color pattern (including in living specimens), habitat and distribution pattern of species are provided.
Um eu todo retorcido: a voz enunciadora nas crônicas machadianas da série “A semana”
Authors: Lima Mariana da Silva , Granja Lúcia
Published: December 2021

Resumo O ensaio examina a questão da distância estética nas crônicas machadianas da série “A semana”. Nesta série em particular, Machado mistura diferentes usos da primeira pessoa, o que torna sua interpretação especialmente desafiadora. A partir da análise de algumas variações da instância enunciadora neste conjunto de textos, constata-se a autonomia das crônicas entre si e, como consequência, a impossibilidade da eleição de um método crítico a priori para sua abordagem.
Machado de Assis lê os telegramas
Authors: Trindade Rodrigo
Published: December 2021

Resumo Entre os anos de 1892 e 1897, quando Machado de Assis publicou sua última série de crônicas, na Gazeta de Notícias, a rubrica “Telegramas” já estava bastante consolidada nos periódicos do Rio de Janeiro. Nela eram publicadas de maneira sintética as notícias vindas do Brasil e do estrangeiro. O cronista de “A Semana” leu com especial interesse o conteúdo trazido pelo telégrafo. Neste artigo, pretendemos demonstrar que o escritor-jornalista comentou criticamente esses textos, dando ênfase à imprecisão das informações neles reportadas e, com isso, realizou uma profícua reflexão sobre a atividade jornalística de seu tempo. Para desenvolvermos essa hipótese, analisaremos excertos de crônicas nas quais esse gesto é verificável.
Plântulas de espécies arbóreas na floresta ciliar do rio Mogi Guaçu, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil
Authors: Queiroz Israel Henrique Buttner , Viani Ricardo Augusto Gorne , Sebastiani Renata
Published: December 2021

RESUMO The permanence of a plant species in a forest community depends on its number of specimens and its distribution in the various sizes of individuals, including seedlings. Seedlings and seeds from a forest remnant in Pirassununga were collected and analyzed for the degree of threat, possible height of the adult individual, occurrence in phytophysiognomies and region and morphological aspects. 116 seedlings available in 39 morphospecies were collected, and the germination of collected seeds provided 40 species. The present study brought news regarding the morphological aspects, the identification and the distribution of seedlings of tree species in a riparian forest area in the Mogi Guaçu River Basin and in the State of São Paulo.