bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Representing youth as vulnerable social media users: a social semiotic analysis of the promotional materials from The Social Dilemma
Authors: Liang Wei Jhen , Lim Fei Victor
Published: January 2024

While participation in social media has become everyday practice among young people, there have been few studies examining how youth as social media users are represented in the media discourse. Focusing on the promotional materials of an award-winning and widely-viewed documentary film, The Social Dilemma, this paper examines the media depictions of youth that attract the public’s attention. Through a social semiotic analysis, we analyzed the representational, interactive, and compositional meanings in the poster and trailer to identify how young people have been represented in the media discourse. Our findings show that they are constructed as vulnerable social media users who are manipulated by social media companies. We argue that such depictions of youth not only negate their sense of agency but also ignore their active engagement in the participatory culture afforded by social media. The implications of such depictions propagate a protectionist perspective of youth. This can undermine efforts towards the development of an empowerment approach in digital literacy education.
Autonomous Navigation System for a Differential Drive Mobile Robot
Authors: Ferreira Miguel A. , Moreira Luís C. , Lopes António M.
Published: January 2024

Mobile robotics is a rapidly expanding field of research because of its large number of applications. Autonomous mobile robots (AMRs) are used in multiple areas, such as industrial automation, logistics and warehouse management, museums, hospitals and restaurant assistance, space and ocean exploration, and many others. In this work, a navigation system for a low-cost mobile robot is proposed. It relies on state-of-the-art software suited for designing automated systems, robot applications, and computer vision algorithms. The robot is driven by two wheels powered by Beckhoff motors, controlled using Beckhoff’s TwinCAT 3 automation software in an industrial computer. A separate small-sized Raspberry Pi computer handles the environment perception by processing the information acquired by a Lidar module and a webcam and the localization and planning through the Robot Operating System (ROS). Communication between the two computers yields a complete robot navigation system. This system is tested and subsequently tuned to achieve good performance. Experimental tests show that the navigation system is globally effective, and some limitations related to the robot’s design and its navigation subsystem are discussed. The approach proposed in this work can be extended, adjusted, and used in other types of mobile robots.
High-Gamma Activity Is Coupled to Low-Gamma Oscillations in Precentral Cortices and Modulates with Movement and Speech
Authors: Nie Jeffrey Z. , Flint Robert D. , Prakash Prashanth , Hsieh Jason K. , Mugler Emily M. , Tate Matthew C. , Rosenow Joshua M. , Slutzky Marc W.
Published: January 2024

Planning and executing motor behaviors requires coordinated neural activity among multiple cortical and subcortical regions of the brain. Phase–amplitude coupling between the high-gamma band amplitude and the phase of low frequency oscillations (theta, alpha, beta) has been proposed to reflect neural communication, as has synchronization of low-gamma oscillations. However, coupling between low-gamma and high-gamma bands has not been investigated. Here, we measured phase–amplitude coupling between low- and high-gamma in monkeys performing a reaching task and in humans either performing finger-flexion or word-reading tasks. We found significant coupling between low-gamma phase and high-gamma amplitude in multiple sensorimotor and premotor cortices of both species during all tasks. This coupling modulated with the onset of movement. These findings suggest that interactions between the low and high gamma bands are markers of network dynamics related to movement and speech generation.
Line Rider and Ludomusical Excesses
Authors: Li Edwin K. C.
Published: January 2024

This article rethinks music and video games in terms of experiences—what is termed ludomusical excesses—that do not fit squarely with the fundamental assumptions about music’s centrality in video games but overstep the limits of moderation as potentialities. This article uses Line Rider (2006)—a video game in which players draw lines to music of their choice—as a case study to explore how narratives, metaphors, and experiences of ludomusical excesses can animate music’s multifarious relations with video games. This article comprises three episodes of ludomusical excesses, which are respectively concerned with physical excess, discursive excess, and affective excess. The first episode sees excess as prosthetic extension in the game and conceptualizes numbness and irritation in the process of musical transcription in Line Rider. In so doing, it explores the overspilling forms of queer digital intimacy with one’s self during gameplay through the myth of Narcissus. The second episode examines the mutual reflection of landscape and mindscape in Chinese qin music that exceeds the digital rendering in the game. Playing with the metaphors of trap and prey, the episode underlines the oxymoronic play with the game’s representational flatness and its ludic conceit in disciplining musical surplus. The final episode considers affective excesses in a game designer’s passion for and wonderment in the game that result in a virtuosic display. Together, these episodes craft ludomusical realities of excesses that aim to invite alternative configurations of music’s relationship with video games.
Video Game Music in Libraries
Authors: Dieringer Joshua
Published: January 2024

This contribution outlines the landscape of game music resources and collection development from the perspective of academic library worker. It describes key types of resources and describes some of the current initiatives underway regarding librarianship and game music.
Editorials: Primary Health Discipline: What it Implies for Optometry
Authors: B G.M.
Published: January 2024

Editorial - Primary Health Discipline: What it Implies for Optometry
C.A.O Bulletin
Authors: ACO CAO
Published: January 2024

C.A.O Bulletin
Congress Paper: Gas Permeable Hard Contact Lenses
Authors: Garnett Brian
Published: January 2024

Congress Paper: Gas Permeable Hard Contact Lenses
Erythema Multiforme Exudativum
Authors: Lyle William M
Published: January 2024

Erythema multiform is an unusual but potentially serious reaction which develops in a few patients. It is be­lieved to be an immune response to certain drugs or to other stimuli. The Stevens-Johnson syndrome represents the ocular manifestations when the reaction involves the mucous membranes. Penicillin has in rare instances pre­cipitated erythema multiforme and requires that those who administer it be aware of this potential and be pre­pared to treat the patient if such an unwanted development occurs.
L'exposition aux microondes présente-t-elle des dangers?
Authors: ACO CAO
Published: January 2024

L'exposition aux microondes présente-t-elle des dangers?
C.A.O. Traffic Light Visibility Survey
Authors: Mintz Steven
Published: January 2024

As the representative of the CAO on the Roads and Transportation Association of Canada, I have un­dertaken a study of the visibility of arrows used in traffic lights.
Chemical Components of Contact Lens Solutions
Authors: Lum V J , Lyle W M
Published: January 2024

With the myriad of contact lens solutions on the market today, it becomes difficult to choose the appro­priate contact lens system for the patient. Three major factors to be considered in the choice are safety, efficacy and cost. To determine the efficacy of a solution, an understanding of its components is required. Unfortunately, certain manufacturers are unwilling to dis­close their formulations. The au­thors encourage practitioners not to use such solutions. Most manufac­turers, however, do list the active ingredients.
Radical Retinoscopy in the Low Vision Examination
Authors: Strong J Graham
Published: January 2024

The case of a 31 year old low vision patient is reported. A review of her ocular status is made in this presenta­tion. Although conventional retino­scopy is impossible, radical retino­scopy provides a reasonably accurate refraction. Spectacle correction of this hitherto undetected refraction provides the basis for successful low vision therapy.
The Application of Selected Broadband Red Filters for Red-Green Deficiencies
Authors: Egan Donald J
Published: January 2024

This paper will review some of the various coloured filters used to aid chromatic discrimination for the red-­green deficient. These range from hand-held rapid comparison de­vices, the so-called 'quick-specs', to daily-wear daytime spectacles or con­tact lenses. Also included are a consideration of published reports, some prelimin­ary observations with sample popu­lations, and a discussion of the spectral transmission of selected materials as determined with the Zeiss DMR 21 Spectrophotometer.
Helping Low Vision Patients to Read Again
Authors: Salmon Don
Published: January 2024

Rehabilitation of the low vision pa­tient is both optical and psychologi­cal. This paper purposely neglects the optical consideration in order to stress the human management aspect of rehabilitation.
Low Vision in Primary Care Optometry
Authors: Jose Randy T , Browning Robert A , Brilliant Richard L
Published: January 2024

A low vision examination procedure has been devised to differentiate those low vision patients who can be helped by the primary care practitioner from those who require referral to a spe­cialized low vision clinic for help via optical aids and/ or rehabilitation.
An Amblyopia That Wasn't
Authors: Bélanger G. Maurice
Published: January 2024

Case study
Case Report: Vision Training for National Hockey League Goaltender, Rogatien Vachon
Authors: Dalziel Carol C.
Published: January 2024

This non-strabismic patient had an insignificant refractive error, a small esophoria, low fusional vergences, no fixation disparity and symptoms related to and interfering with his goaltending. Compared to his right eye, his left demonstrated slower motor responses, unsteady fixation and a tendency to overshoot with ver­sion, vergence and reading tasks on an Eye Trac instrument. A vision training program was designed to en­courage faster and more accurate symmetrical and asymmetrical ver­gence changes, version and tracking eye movements, and accommodative facility. After three months of daily exercises, binocular coordination and goaltending performance had improved and symptoms were relieved.
Cycloplegic Versus Manifest Refractions
Authors: Hensel Gordon
Published: January 2024

With the precedent set by the New Brunswick Optometric Association and upcoming changes in drug legis­lation in several western provinces; optometrists across Canada are be­coming increasingly aware of the use of diagnostic pharmaceuticals. The following report compares the re­fractive status of 423 eyes when ex­amined by manifest and cycloplegic refractions. The subjects ranged in age from 2 to 89 years, and 62% were female.
Retinal Photography Without Mydriatics
Authors: Alloucherie Yves J
Published: January 2024

Two main reasons may be given to explain why retinal photography is not used more frequently by opto­metrists: the high cost of the specialized cameras required and the "need" for mydriasis. It is of course true that fundus cameras, like all other complex optical instruments, are expensive. It will however be shown in this paper that very acceptable photographs of the retina may often be obtained easily, even by inexperienced optometry students, without any drug-induced mydriasis, after only a few minutes of instruc­tion and experience.
Ocular Irritation and Contact Lenses
Authors: Backman Howard A
Published: January 2024

A number of causes of ocular irritation from the use of hydrogel lenses are examined in relation to the onset of G. P. C., kerato conjunctivitis, keratitis and infiltrative con­junctivitis.
A Short Story about an Ad!
Authors: Belanger M
Published: January 2024

Co-operation, mutual trust and respect among health care disciplines are essential ingredients to an efficient, effective, universal and comprehensive health care delivery system in Canada.
Optimum Time for Contestants For The Swinging Flashlight Test
Authors: Edworthy A Gene , Williams T David
Published: January 2024

The swinging flashlight test has been used for years in optometric practice to determine the integrity of the afferent visual pathways. This paper is an attempt to quantify the duration of the stimulus directed into the eye and the rate at which the stimulus should be alternated between the eyes.
Early Arcus - An Important Alert
Authors: Rona Zoltan , Paige Ned
Published: January 2024

Soon after being fitted with contact lenses, a 26-year old male who had presented an arcus, deve­loped intolerance to the lenses. A subsequent medical examination which included biochemical tests, confirmed the condition of arcus juvenilis. Comments on the manage­ment of such cases are offered.
Case Report: Convergence Insufficiency Occurring in Presbyopia
Authors: Bobier W R
Published: January 2024

Case Report: Convergence Insufficiency Occurring in Presbyopia
Case Report: Pediatric Vision
Authors: Lecker G
Published: January 2024

Case Report: Pediatric Vision
Case Report: Papilledema in Juvenile
Authors: Porter D A
Published: January 2024

Case Report: Papilledema in Juvenile
Increasing Diagnostic Potential in Pediatric Optometry by Electrophysiological Methods
Authors: Lovasik J V , Woodruff M E
Published: January 2024

With the advent of modern-day technology light-induced electrical activity in the retina and visual cortex can be measured clinically to assess visual function. The Electro­retinogram (ERG) and the Visually Evoked Response (VER) are now routine clinical tests used to evaluate the physiological integrity of retinal and visual cortical mechanisms re­spectively. The theory, and applica­tion of these non-invasive, objective tests in the evaluation of various aspects of vision in infants and children are discussed. Numerous case reports are presented to illustrate the extended diagnostic capability afforded the pediatric optometric practitioner by the ERG and VER.
Corneal Distortion Eliminated by Refitting with Gas Permeable Lenses
Authors: Molzan R R
Published: January 2024

Corneal Distortion Eliminated by Refitting with Gas Permeable Lenses
Color of VDT's and the Eye
Authors: Sivak J G , Woo G C
Published: January 2024

The longitudinal chromatic aberration of the human eye is substantial and therefore the colour of the phosphor chosen for VDTs will affect refractive state and accom­modative demand. For most working distances, green stimuli are optimal.
Working with Video Display Terminals
Authors: Ministry of Labour B.C.
Published: January 2024

Working with Video Display Terminals
Ocular Accomodation in Juvenile Diabetics
Authors: Woodruff M E , Lovasik J V , Spafford M M
Published: January 2024

This paper discusses aspects of Ocular Accommodation measured by the push-up to blur out and minus lens to blur out methods in a sample population of juvenile diabetics. The data suggest an accelerated age-­related trend to loss of accommoda­tion. Since as many as 2/3 of this sample failed to reach Duane's minimum norms of accommodation careful measurement of ocular ac­commodation in young persons between 6 and 18 years of age may provide a means of early detection of diabetes mellitus, particularly when considered in conjunction with a tear glucose test and case history. Since this is a preliminary report the authors ask speculative questions on causative mechanisms.
Fifty Years of Optometric Education The Continuing Education Program of the Saskatchewan Optometric Association
Authors: Forsyth W A
Published: January 2024

This paper reviews the history of the origin, development and progress of the Saskatchewan Graduate Summer Courses. It reveals the respon­sible attitude of those pioneer optometrists towards the need for education in the discharging of their professional responsibilities, and this prior to the acceptance of continuing education by optometry and other disciplines.
Identifying the Glaucoma Suspect
Authors: Pace R
Published: January 2024

Factors to be considered in identifying patients who require additional investigation as glaucoma suspects are discussed. This includes intraocular pressure, anterior chamber, and optic disc features.
Spectral Transmittance of Selected Tinted Ophthalmic Lenses
Authors: Chou B R , Cullen A P
Published: January 2024

Spectral transmittance data over the waveband 200 to 2500 nm are presented for a selection of tinted ophthalmic lenses. Criteria for the prescription of tinted lenses are briefly discussed.
Prevalence of Migraine Headache Among an Optometry Clinic Patient Sample
Authors: Mousa G Y , Woodruff M E , Pierson M A
Published: January 2024

The objectives of this investigation were: 1) to determine the prevalence of migraine among patients seen at the Optometry Clinic at the University of Waterloo, 2) to compare the preva­lence of migraine in this clinical population to that of other studies, 3) to examine the correlation of migraine with observed ocular conditions and medical problems reported by the subjects.
Learning to Look: Cognitive Aspects of Visual Attention
Authors: Rogow S M , Hass J , Humphries C
Published: January 2024

Early visual orienting responses can be prevented in infants with central nervous system damage. Children who have extensive damage in the visual system may ignore whatever visual stimuli they receive. Other children who have a viable visual system may receive the stimuli, but have difficulty with perceiving, interpreting or acting on incoming stimuli. If experience is lacking, visual behavior may never develop. The development of visual pathways seems to depend on experience as well as physiological factors. Intervention must be planned to help multihandicapped children integrate what they see with what they know. Where there is a deficit in the sensory mechanism, repeated stimula­tion is necessary in order for the brain to receive and process visual stimuli. Visually impaired multihan­dicapped children do learn to visually attend and process visual information.
Visual Standards for Civil Aviation
Authors: Backman H A
Published: January 2024

Standards for personnel licensing are established by the International Civil Aviation Organization. These standards and procedures are set without investigation concerning their validity and are revised occasionally. The procedures for the ophthalmic examination are often beyond the competence of the aviation medical examiner. Recommendations are made to develop new improved standards and procedures. A complete professional oculo-visual examination should be required on a regular basis for re-licensing civil pilots.
A Clinical Evaluation of a Multipurpose Soft Contact Lens Solution: Unicare
Authors: Callender M G , Chan A
Published: January 2024

A  three-month study was conducted to establish the safety and efficacy of Unicare® - a multi­purpose soft contact lens solution. Patient accep­tance of the solution was good in spite of one case of an adverse ocular response among the twenty-one subjects evaluated.
Electrical Indices of Rod Dysfunction
Authors: Lovasik J.V. , Williams T.D.
Published: January 2024

Patients presenting with night time vision diffi­culties and a family history of retinitis pigmentosa require special testing procedures even in the absence of typical functional deficits or ophthalmo­scopically visible retinal disease. The authors discuss various theoretical aspects of electroretino­graphy and their practical clinical applications in objectively identifying the physiological defect occurring in retinitis pigmentosa.
Ophthalmic Preparations of Interest to Optometrists
Authors: Lyle W.M. , Lutzi D.C
Published: January 2024

This paper is essentially a tabulated listing of nearly 200 ophthalmic preparations. It Is too lengthy to publish in one issue of the CJO, so it will be presented In parts.
Prismatic Effects of lseikonic Spectacle-Contact Lens
Authors: Remole A
Published: January 2024

The method of correcting aniseikonia in unilateral aphakia by means of a spectacle-contact lens combination has been described in detail in the literature. This article addresses one consequence of such corrections, namely, the induced prismatic effect. A comprehensive formula is developed to show how this effect compares with the aniseikonia corrected.
Safety and Efficacy of a New Hydrogen Peroxide Disinfection System for Soft Lenses - In a Wink
Authors: Lutzi D , Callender M
Published: January 2024

A six-month study was conducted to establish the safety and efficacy of Ciba Vision 'In a Wink™ hydrogen peroxide disinfection system. Patient acceptance, ocular response and lens cleanliness were good for all twenty nine subjects evaluated. However, a small number of subjects found greater lens comfort when they used a longer neutralization time than is currently recommended by the manufacturer.
Spectral Characteristics of Sports and Occupational Tinted Lenses
Authors: Chou B.R. , Cullen A.P.
Published: January 2024

Tinted spectacle lenses are used for a variety of reasons including comfort, reduction of glare, enhanced vision under certain conditions, cosme­sis, status for the wearer, and protection from radiation and/or impact. The selection of tints for protection from hazardous levels of optical radiation in industry and other work environments is well documented and governed by various standards. However, the selection of tinted lenses for other uses is usually arbitrary and made without professional advice. The purchaser often chooses tinted lenses on the basis of advertising material provided by the manufacturer. Few manufacturers provide accurate lens transmittance data, and some make claims which cannot be substantiated. We have previously reported on tinted prescrip­tion spectacle lenses and contact lens materials. However, the majority of tinted lenses worn for sports and occupational purposes do not fall into these categories. Thus, the object of this study was to evaluate the absorptive characteristics of a variety of special-purpose non-prescription tinted lenses.
SIDA - Précautions Recommandées pour les Soins Ophtalmiques
Authors: Levy B
Published: January 2024

Depuis 1981, la publicité faite autour d'une maladie nouvelle, le SIDA, a éveillé l'attention du monde médical et du public. L'énorme battage publicitaire s'explique par les terribles conséquences de la maladie, une fois qu'elle est diagnostiquée, et par sa rapidité de propagation.
Evaluation of Running Water Rinsing of Soft Contact Lenses
Authors: Shih K , Hu J , Sibley M.J
Published: January 2024

The safety of using running water to rinse soft contact lenses was evaluated. Twenty soft contact lenses were contaminated with viable micro­organisms in an organic load and were then rinsed under running water for 20-30 seconds. The results showed that the reduction of the contaminants by the running water rinsing alone was always more than 98%. To evaluate the contaminant level introduced to the lenses by the running water, 24 sterile lenses were also rinsed with running water. Our results indicated that these lenses were virtually not contaminated with running water rinsing. However, when 30 sterile lenses were handled by 15 soft contact lens wearers in the same manner as they would prior to inserting the lenses in their eyes, thousands of contaminants were recovered per lens in average. Furthermore, when lenses containing different water levels were rinsed in water, followed by soaking in a sterile isotonic saline solution, none of the lenses were adversely affected physically by the water rinse. From the results of this study, we believe that it is safe to use running water to rinse soft contact lenses in conjunction with a safe holding device and a proper disinfecting regimen.
The MTT: A More Comprehensive Vision Screening Test for British Columbia Schools
Authors: Reynolds J
Published: January 2024

Literature regarding the vision care needs of school children indicates that visual anomalies occur in sufficient numbers to warrant recommen­dation of a comprehensive school vision screening program. This study investigated the referral effec­tiveness (accuracy) of the Keystone Telebinocular (KTT), the Modified Telebinocular (MTT) and the Snellen against a standard optometric exam.
An Evaluation of the Microcomputer as a Vision Screening Medium
Authors: Edworthy G.A.
Published: January 2024

A vision screening programme using a micro­computer as the presentation medium was instituted. Tests of acuity, accommodation, accommodative facility, stereoacuity, vertical and lateral phoria, positive and negative vergence limits and saccadic vision proficiency were included in the pilot study. These results were compared to the findings of a routine optometric examination. Repeatability and accuracy of the programme were evaluated. Results indicated which tests should be retained in the computer programme.
A Clinical Evaluation of the ALGES™ (hefilcon A) Bifocal Contact Lens
Authors: Gross M.L
Published: January 2024

A new, soft bifocal contact lens design is described and its performance is assessed on the basis of sustained wearing time, refraction, acuity for near and far, k readings and pupil diameter. Recommendations are made to help improve success. Characteristics of successful and un­successful users are listed.
The Evolution of the Manitoba Optometry Act
Authors: Mintz S
Published: January 2024

The history of optometric legislation in Manitoba is discussed. Beginning with the passage of the Optometry Act in 1909, the evolution of the Act is followed, culminating in landmark amendments in 1983.
Facing Commercialism Within Optometry
Authors: Larsson F
Published: January 2024

This paper Is actually the text of an address delivered by Professor Larsson to the 1985 Annual Meeting of the International Optometric and Optical League (IOOL). The Canadian Journal of Optome­try's Managing Editor, Dr. Roland des Grosellliers, attended the IOOL meeting as Canada's official delegate and requested a copy of Professor Larsson's presentation.
Optical Radiation Protection by Non-Prescription Sunglasses
Authors: Chou B.R. , Cullen A.P.
Published: January 2024

We present spectral transmittance curves over the waveband 200 to 2500 nm for 47 non-prescription sunglass lenses. All appear to provide adequate protection from ultraviolet radiation, especially those which have been advertised as such. Other criteria for choosing the "right" sunglass are discussed briefly.
The Adhesion Syndrome
Authors: Backman H.A.
Published: January 2024

Rigid gas permeable contact lenses may adhere to the corneal epithelium. Reports of adhesion have been described with only one type of lens material. This report describes three types of lens materials, lens fitting characteristics and the interactions between the eyelid, cornea and contact lens. Various factors may be responsible for the adhesion phenomenon.
Control of Glare for VDT Operators
Authors: Mousa G.Y. , Woodruff M.E.
Published: January 2024

The widespread use of video display terminals (VDTs) in offices has been accompanied by many complaints of visual problems. A recent study by the Canadian Labour Congress on vision problems among 2,300 office workers showed that VDT operators report twice as many vision problems and require more frequent changes in lens prescription. Visual complaints have stimulated research into new means of relieving the discomfort experienced by VDT operators.
A Review of the Pathogenesis of Corneal Vascularization
Authors: Jantzi J.D
Published: January 2024

Corneal vascularization is a subject of importance not only to research scientists but also to optometrists who in daily clinical practice are responsible for monitoring the ocular health of their patients. Contact lens patients in par­ticular must be examined regularly and on a continuing basis for signs of patho­logical corneal changes such as vascular­ization which indicate an intolerance to their contact lenses. The purpose of this paper is to review what is presently known about the pathogenesis of corneal vascularization since an understanding of this condition may give us insight as to why it occurs in certain patients; for example contact lens wearers.
Report on the International Symposium on Low Vision
Authors: Brisbin Scott
Published: January 2024

The International Symposium on Low Vision held at the School of Optometry, University of Waterloo, June 25th to 27th was a major event in Canadian Optome­try. It was the first of its type ever held but, no doubt, it will not be the last. The rapidly rising demand for low vision services will ensure that.
Efficacy of Traffic Signal Indicators
Authors: Mintz S.L
Published: January 2024

Surveys were conducted to determine if there is a problem with motorists determining the direction indicated by traffic light signal arrows. Canadian optometrists were asked if their patients report this problem during a visual examination. Drivers were queried about difficulty with the arrows and under what circumstances the difficulties occurred. Traffic engi­neers were requested to comment on the use of traffic light arrows in their jurisdictions and whether or not they perceive a problem with visibility. The results indicate that many Canadians, and Manitobans in particular, reported difficulty with the arrows.
Nerve Head Anomaly Associated with Pituitary Tumor
Authors: Williams T.D.
Published: January 2024

A 54-year old Caucasian female was seen in the School of Optometry, University of Waterloo clinic for field testing to rule out possible glaucoma. She had had a pituitary tumor (histologically confirmed as a chromophobe adenoma) removed 10 years previously. Field test­ing and fundus inspection ruled out glau­coma: there were no nasal steps and no scotomas in the arcuate areas.
Evaluation of Soft Contact Lens Performance Using the Contrast Sensitivity Function
Authors: Timpano V
Published: January 2024

The contrast sensitivity function (CSF) has been widely accepted as a measure of visual performance. Its use as a diagnostic tool in contact lens work has been documented. Typically, the CSF has been used for the patient who presented with a complaint of blurred vision while wearing hydrogel con­tact lenses. Snellen visual acuity testing indicated little, or no decrease in vision. The contrast sensitivity test on the other hand, indicates a reduction in visual performance. Studies have shown that this reduction is usually due to a small residual refractive error, or to deposits on the lens. It sometimes happens that patients who have been wearing soft contact lenses successfully for some years require a new lens. Upon delivery of the new lens the patient does not achieve the expected performance.
Sight Enhancement Services - A Safety Net or a Spider's Web?
Authors: Herie E.J , Grace G
Published: January 2024

This paper will review the development of the "human services'' aspect of sight enhancement, and the integral role of human services in an effective and comprehensive sight enhance­ment system.
Abnormal Arm Tone, Cigarette Smoking and Use of Blood Pressure Medication in a Sight Enhancement Clinic Population
Authors: Paetkau M.E
Published: January 2024

There are three pigmented tissues originating from neural crest which frequently degenerate during aging in industrialized societies: the pigmented epithelium of the eye, the substancia nigra of the thalmus and the pigmented cells of the organ of Corti. Each of these tissues once developed does not regenerate following loss. They must last the insults of a lifetime for the elderly to see clearly, hear well, and have smooth coordination. Is degeneration of these tissues interrelated? Are they influenced by common risk factors?
Franklin bifocal, a solution for prismatic correction of paralytic strabismus
Authors: Bolduc M , Gresset J
Published: January 2024

A Franklin bifocal gives one the pos­sibility of doing a sector prism to replace a Fresnel prism in cases of paralytic strabismus. Thus, visual acuity and the aesthetic aspect of the equipment can be enhanced.
Le double-foyer Franklin, une solution pour la correction prismatique d'un strabisme paralytique
Authors: Bolduc M , Gresset J
Published: January 2024

Un double-foyer de type Franklin permet la réalisation d 'un prisme en secteur pour remplacer un prisme de Fresnel dans le cas d 'un strabisme paralytique. Dans ce cas, l 'acuité visuelle et l 'esthétique de l 'équipement sont améliorées.
Dam Automation Using IOT
Authors: Dongardive Ayush , Dongaonkar Prapti , Donewar Aman , Dongare Vanshika , Dongare Manav , Adsul Sanjivani
Published: January 2024

Here we proposed development and implementation of automatic dam gate openers using IOT. Manual operation of dam gates is often labour-intensive and time-consuming, prompting the need for automated systems to improve efficiency.The research primarily focuses on system design, sensor integration, and performance evaluation. A hardware design is developed utilizing an Arduino UNO microcontroller, which acts as the central processing unit for the automated gate opener system. An ultrasonic sensor is integrated into the system to accurately measure water level and This information is then used to automate gate movements, maintaining optimal water flow and minimizing the risk of flooding. Also in any case if water level touches it heightest level in a dam the red alert of overflow will be sent to user's device using microcontroller ESP 8266(NODEMCU). For avoiding the error by ultrasonic sensor. we add a combination of water level sensor and a ultrasonic in future. Although our system is cost effective, automatic and IOT enabled.
Reorientation of The Arabic Language Curriculum for Secondary Education in The Endemic Era
Authors: Mukmin Mukmin , Hidayah Nurul , Marpuah Siti
Published: January 2024

The role of secondary education in the 21st century is increasingly vital for preparing students who will enter higher education and responding to the learning transition due to the Covid-19 pandemic. This form of response is by reviewing the orientation of the Arabic language curriculum in secondary education in South Sumatera. So, this research aims to analyze the reorientation of the Arabic language curriculum in secondary education in South Sumatera. The research method used by researchers is a case study method with a multisite design. Researchers collected qualitative data by interviews, observation and documentation in each place, then proceed with generalizations from the data collection results, and then conclusions are drawn as research data findings. The results of this research show that both schools had efforts to direct students to be active in learning Arabic, namely by changing books and adding books that support ongoing Arabic language learning activities, the schools also provide a conducive environment for the learning process. To convey this material, the teacher also chooses a student-centered method, hoping that students will always be active and that Arabic will not only end up as a language of study. As a measure of achievement, teachers have maximized the provision of media-based assignments and exam questions, even though the measurement techniques carried out by teachers have only focused on cognitive measurements, and have not yet entered into the affective and psychomotor domains.
Progreso y evaluación de las habilidades científicas mediante la utilización de la metodología de indagación científica en educación inicial
Authors: Morales Silva Tatiana Aura , Álvarez Duran Enmanuel
Published: January 2024

A continuación, se presenta una propuesta de innovación didáctica en educación infantil en tres cohortes, que tuvo como objetivo analizar el progreso de las habilidades científicas de los niños y niñas. Se llevaron a cabo talleres prácticos basados en la metodología de investigación científica, enfocados en el desarrollo y evaluación de sus habilidades científicas de acuerdo con el marco curricular chileno. Para ello, se utilizó la técnica cualitativa del dibujo para evidenciar los aprendizajes y percepciones de los párvulos sobre las ciencias naturales. En una primera instancia, se evaluó la percepción de los niños y niñas sobre las ciencias. Posteriormente, se realizó una evaluación del proceso científico al inicio y al final de la propuesta. Los resultados revelaron un cambio conceptual en los dibujos con relación a quién realiza la ciencia y dónde ocurre este aprendizaje. Además, se observaron avances significativos en las habilidades de observación, predicción y comunicación, las cuales fueron evaluadas de manera progresiva a lo largo del proceso mediante la revisión de los cuadernillos de trabajo del estudiantado en edad preescolar. Estos resultados respaldan el uso de la indagación científica como una herramienta efectiva para el desarrollo de conocimientos en ciencias naturales y el fomento de habilidades necesarias para su comprensión en el ámbito de la educación inicial. Futuros estudios han de indagar en las prácticas docentes orientadas a la indagación y la apropiación real de habilidades científicas articuladas a siguientes niveles de formación, otorgando así un sentido de continuidad y fortalecimiento de aprendizajes previos e iniciales en la educación primaria.
Impacto de las estrategias didácticas en la traducción creativa pictórica en estudiantes del I Ciclo de Educación Artística de la Escuela de Artes Plásticas. Ayacucho, 2023
Authors: Oriundo Mora Katia
Published: January 2024

Analizar el impacto de las estrategias didácticas en la mejora de la traducción creativa pictórica en estudiantes del I Ciclo de la Carrera Profesional de Educación Artística de la Escuela de Artes Plásticas de Ayacucho, 2023, fue el objetivo general de la investigación cuantitativa, aplicada, explicativa y diseño cuasi experimental. De una población de 70 personas estudiantes de las dos carreras profesionales. Se tuvo una muestra censal de 35 educandos para el grupo control (Artista profesional) y similar número para el grupo experimental (Educación Artística). El plan experimental y la lista de cotejo fueron los instrumentos de acopio de datos. Mediante tablas de frecuencias relativas se presentó los resultados descriptivos, mientras, los inferenciales se analizaron con Rango de Wilcoxon y U Mann de Whitney. En los resultados se halla que el grupo control no sufre variación importante entre el pre y post test; mientras, el grupo experimental sufre variación significativa, hallándose 23,6 puntos de diferencia entre las pruebas asignadas. En la prueba de hipótesis con rango de Wilcoxon se acepta la hipótesis alterna, concluyendo que la estrategia didáctica activa permite mejorar la traducción creativa pictórica en estudiantes del grupo experimental investigados, igualmente, en la inferencia con U Mann de Whitney se halla una diferencia esencial entre el grupo control y experimental en cuanto a la traducción creativa pictórica. Es recomendable el uso de estrategias didácticas activas para mejorar la traducción creativa pictórica.
Usos y funcionalidades del ángulo en el desarrollo del pensamiento trigonométrico
Authors: Sánchez Duarte Karen Vanessa
Published: January 2024

En diversas investigaciones se reconoce que el tratamiento del ángulo es una actividad fundamental en el desarrollo del pensamiento trigonométrico, pero que resulta complejo por su propia naturaleza y por su tratamiento indiferenciado dado en la trigonometría. Por lo cual, el objetivo de este documento es mostrar los usos y las siete funcionalidades del ángulo identificados durante la resolución de un diseño didáctico centrado en el desarrollo del pensamiento trigonométrico que se ejecutó como parte de la investigación en el 2020. Para tal fin se examinan, desde un enfoque cualitativo y desde el marco teórico de la Socioepistemología de la Matemática Educativa (TSME), las soluciones dadas por 12 educandos de secundaria de la Ciudad de México al responder al diseño didáctico elaborado por Scholz en el 2020. El análisis de la información se establece en dos fases: en la fase 1 se realiza una triangulación de las evidencias (provenientes del diario de campo, grabaciones y notas del estudiantado) y se identifican las acciones y actividades (desde la TSME); en la fase 2 se identifican los usos del ángulo según su naturaleza polifacética, posteriormente se determinan las funcionalidades de acuerdo con la intencionalidad del conjunto de usos, acciones y actividades. Entre los principales hallazgos de la investigación del 2020 se encuentran la identificación de siete funcionalidades del ángulo, “como referente para: aplicar una herramienta aritmética-algebraica, aplicar una herramienta aritmética-trigonométrica, estudiar las relaciones dadas en el modelo, operar aritméticamente, emplear una herramienta empírica-métrica, clasificar triángulos” (Sánchez, 2020, p. iv), y como herramienta de construcción. Si bien estos usos y funcionalidades del ángulo son empleados por el estudiantado de manera indirecta y, principalmente, en contextos geométricos, se reconocen como necesarios al ser utilizados como referentes para el tratamiento de otras nociones. Por último, se recomienda para el desarrollo del pensamiento trigonométrico dar especial consideración a la conceptualización y al tratamiento del ángulo, de manera que sea más explícito y visible su empleado, al ser referente necesario para el tratamiento de otras herramientas, operaciones y constructos matemáticos.
Uso de simulaciones científicas interactivas para fortalecer la formación inicial de docentes de Química
Authors: Bizzio Maria de los Ángeles , Guirado Ana María , Maturano Arrabal Carla Inés
Published: January 2024

En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de una investigación exploratoria que analiza las actividades diseñadas por docentes en formación para el uso de simulaciones científicas virtuales interactivas. Se considera que las simulaciones son un recurso privilegiado para el aprendizaje de contenidos disciplinares en Ciencias Naturales. El objetivo de este estudio es examinar, desde un enfoque predominantemente cualitativo, su utilización en el marco de la formación docente inicial como parte de estrategias didácticas para la enseñanza de contenidos relacionados con el pH de una solución. Participaron estudiantes del profesorado en Química de la Universidad Nacional de San Juan (Argentina). El desarrollo del estudio incluye tres instancias: (a) planificación de actividades que involucran el uso de una simulación PhET; (b) instancia de discusión grupal a fin de plantear ideas para optimizar el uso del recurso; (c) reformulación y reorganización de las propuestas iniciales. La técnica de recolección de datos involucra los documentos producidos individualmente en la primera y en la última instancia. El objetivo de este trabajo es presentar un análisis de las actividades planteadas sobre la base de tres interrogantes: a quién enseñar, qué enseñar y cómo enseñar. Se examinan los resultados a la luz de categorías creadas en torno a estos interrogantes, pudiendo concluir que surgen dificultades en las propuestas de actividades relacionadas con el nivel de profundización según las y los destinatarios, el abordaje del uso de la simulación, el tratamiento macroscópico y predominantemente conceptual de los contenidos y la escasez de planteos abiertos que desafíen al estudiantado. Estas dificultades llevan a recomendar el abordaje explícito del uso didáctico de las simulaciones en la formación docente inicial.
Atención educativa al alumnado con necesidades educativas especiales en México durante la pandemia
Authors: García Cedillo Ismael , Romero Contreras Silvia , Márquez Cabellos Norma Guadalupe , Rubio Rodríguez Silviana , Saldívar Reyes Andrea
Published: January 2024

La pandemia originada por la COVID-19 dejó secuelas que empeoraron la atención educativa del estudiantado con necesidades educativas especiales en México. En el presente artículo de investigación se indagaron algunas situaciones que enfrentaron los profesionales de educación especial antes y durante la pandemia y se reflexionó acerca de la pertinencia de mantener funcionando a las escuelas de educación especial. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en el que participaron 1,207 profesionales de educación especial (419 de los Centros de Atención Múltiple [CAM] y 788 de las Unidades de Servicios de Apoyo a la Educación Regular [USAER]), quienes contestaron un formulario que indagó sobre algunas condiciones en que trabajaron con el estudiantado antes y durante la pandemia. Se encontró que el alumnado atendido por las USAER enfrentó las mismas situaciones difíciles que el alumnado sin estas NEE durante la pandemia y sus aprendizajes académicos se vieron igualmente afectados. Por su parte, el alumnado de los CAM resultó menos afectado. Es probable que los resultados obedezcan a que el alumnado atendido por USAER enfrenta mayores demandas académicas, mientras que, en la atención que ofrecen los CAM, todavía, hay influencias del modelo médico y, por tanto, menos demandas académicas; además, al estudiar en grupos pequeños, hay un trato muy cercano por parte del personal docente. Se recomienda que, en tanto las escuelas regulares consiguen los recursos para ofrecer una educación de calidad a todo el alumnado, deben seguir funcionando las escuelas especiales.
Materials scarcity during the clean energy transition: Myths, challenges, and opportunities
Authors: Ku Anthony Y. , Kocs Elizabeth A. , Fujita Yoshiko , Haddad Andrew Z. , Gray Robert W.
Published: January 2024

Efforts to reach net zero targets by the second half of the century will have profound materials supply implications. The anticipated scale and speed of the energy transition in both transportation and energy storage raises the question of whether we risk running out of the essential critical materials needed to enable this transition. Early projections suggest that disruptions are likely to occur in the short term for select critical materials, but at the same time these shortages provide a powerful incentive for the market to respond in a variety of ways before supply-level stress becomes dire. In April 2023, the MRS Focus on Sustainability subcommittee sponsored a panel discussion on the role of innovation in materials science and engineering in supporting supply chains for clean energy technologies. Drawing on examples from the panel discussion, this perspective examines the myth of materials scarcity, explains the compelling need for innovation in materials in helping supply chains dynamically adapt over time, and illustrates how the Materials Research Society is facilitating engagement with industry to support materials innovation, now and in the future.

Graphical Abstract

Highlights

In this commentary, we examine the myth of materials scarcity, explain the compelling need for innovation in materials in helping supply chains dynamically adapt over time, and show how the materials research community can effectively engage with industry, policymakers, and funding agencies to drive the needed innovation in critical areas.

Discussion

Demand for certain materials used in clean energy technologies is forecasted to increase by multiples of current production over the next decades. This has drawn attention to supply chain risks and has created a myth that we will “run out” out of certain materials during the energy transition. The reality is that markets have multiple mechanisms to adapt over the long-term, and near-term shortages or expectations of shortages provide a powerful incentive for action. In this commentary, we highlight different ways materials innovation can help solve these issues in the near term and long term, and how the materials research community can effectively engage with industry and policymakers.