bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
LncRNA HOXA-AS3 promotes cell proliferation and invasion via targeting miR-218-5p/FOXP1 axis in osteosarcoma
Authors: Li Rong , Chen Pingbo , Zhou Yubo , Lang Yi , Zhou Changhui , Ren Jingqin , Maimaitiyimin Adilijiang , Chen Zhen , Liu Chengqing , mainike Abasi , Ding Lu
Published: July 2024

Osteosarcoma is an aggressive form of bone cancer and affects the health in children and adolescents. Although conventional treatment improves the osteosarcoma survival, some patients have metastasis and drug resistance, leading to a worse prognosis. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the molecular mechanism of osteosarcoma occurrence and progression, which could discover the novel treatment for osteosarcoma. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to regulate osteosarcoma occurrence and malignant progression. LncRNA HOXA-AS3 facilitates the tumorigenesis and progression in a variety of human cancers. However, the underlying mechanism of lncRNA HOXA-AS3-induced oncogenesis is poorly determined in osteosarcoma. To address this point, we utilized several cellular biological strategies and molecular approaches to explore the biological functions and mechanisms of lncRNA HOXA-AS3 in osteosarcoma cells. We found that lncRNA HOXA-AS3 facilitates cell proliferation and invasion via targeting miR-218-5p/FOXP1 axis in osteosarcoma. In conclusion, lncRNA HOXA-AS3 could be a promising target for osteosarcoma treatment.
Dynamic swatch testing of liquid aerosols in a laboratory-sized recirculating wind tunnel
Authors: Yu Seung Jung , Kim Goonhyeok , Jung Hyunsook , Jung Heesoo , Jung Jaewuk , Kim Daegyoum
Published: July 2024

Chemical warfare agents (CWAs) pose a threat as gaseous substances and as liquid aerosols, necessitating chemical warfare-protective clothing for soldiers. The paramount consideration lies in the effectiveness of the clothing as a barrier against the pertinent CWAs. This paper presents a dynamic swatch test method aimed at evaluating the performance of such clothing against liquid-phase aerosol penetration. Central to the methodology is a specialized test cell designed to rotate to the left and right, integrated within a laboratory wind tunnel, replicating mission-relevant conditions with varying wind speeds. Utilizing di(2-ethylhexyl) sebacate particles as liquid aerosols, tests were conducted at wind speeds of 1.0, 3.0, and 5.0 m/s. Penetration assessment relied on analyzing particle counts downstream and upstream of the fabric, with preliminary studies showing that higher wind speeds and fabric air permeabilities increase penetration at an equivalent face velocity of 5.0 cm/s. Interestingly, penetration decreased when fabric samples were subjected to rotation. The system and methodology devised demonstrated consistent and repeatable results, offering valuable insights into optimizing the effectiveness of chemical warfare-protective clothing. This research contributes to advancing methodologies for testing protective clothing, crucial for ensuring the safety of military personnel in hazardous environments.
Electrokinetic convection-enhanced delivery for infusion into the brain from a hydrogel reservoir
Authors: Cruz-Garza Jesus G. , Bhenderu Lokeshwar S. , Taghlabi Khaled M. , Frazee Kendall P. , Guerrero Jaime R. , Hogan Matthew K. , Humes Frances , Rostomily Robert C. , Horner Philip J. , Faraji Amir H.
Published: July 2024

Electrokinetic convection-enhanced delivery (ECED) utilizes an external electric field to drive the delivery of molecules and bioactive substances to local regions of the brain through electroosmosis and electrophoresis, without the need for an applied pressure. We characterize the implementation of ECED to direct a neutrally charged fluorophore (3 kDa) from a doped biocompatible acrylic acid/acrylamide hydrogel placed on the cortical surface. We compare fluorophore infusion profiles using ECED (time = 30 min, current = 50 µA) and diffusion-only control trials, for ex vivo (N = 18) and in vivo (N = 12) experiments. The linear intensity profile of infusion to the brain is significantly higher in ECED compared to control trials, both for in vivo and ex vivo. The linear distance of infusion, area of infusion, and the displacement of peak fluorescence intensity along the direction of infusion in ECED trials compared to control trials are significantly larger for in vivo trials, but not for ex vivo trials. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of ECED to direct a solute from a surface hydrogel towards inside the brain parenchyma based predominantly on the electroosmotic vector.
Imperfect gold standard gene sets yield inaccurate evaluation of causal gene identification methods
Authors: Wang Lijia , Wen Xiaoquan , Morrison Jean
Published: July 2024

Causal gene discovery methods are often evaluated using reference sets of causal genes, which are treated as gold standards (GS) for the purposes of evaluation. However, evaluation methods typically treat genes not in the GS positive set as known negatives rather than unknowns. This leads to inaccurate estimates of sensitivity, specificity, and AUC. Labeling biases in GS gene sets can also lead to inaccurate ordering of alternative causal gene discovery methods. We argue that the evaluation of causal gene discovery methods should rely on statistical techniques like those used for variant discovery rather than on comparison with GS gene sets.
An externally validated resting-state brain connectivity signature of pain-related learning
Authors: Kincses Balint , Forkmann Katarina , Schlitt Frederik , Jan Pawlik Robert , Schmidt Katharina , Timmann Dagmar , Elsenbruch Sigrid , Wiech Katja , Bingel Ulrike , Spisak Tamas
Published: July 2024

Pain can be conceptualized as a precision signal for reinforcement learning in the brain and alterations in these processes are a hallmark of chronic pain conditions. Investigating individual differences in pain-related learning therefore holds important clinical and translational relevance. Here, we developed and externally validated a novel resting-state brain connectivity-based predictive model of pain-related learning. The pre-registered external validation indicates that the proposed model explains 8-12% of the inter-individual variance in pain-related learning. Model predictions are driven by connections of the amygdala, posterior insula, sensorimotor, frontoparietal, and cerebellar regions, outlining a network commonly described in aversive learning and pain. We propose the resulting model as a robust and highly accessible biomarker candidate for clinical and translational pain research, with promising implications for personalized treatment approaches and with a high potential to advance our understanding of the neural mechanisms of pain-related learning.
Patchy energy landscapes promote stability of small groups of active particles
Authors: Jacucci Gianni , Breoni Davide , Heijnen Sandrine , Palomo José , Jones Philip , Löwen Hartmut , Volpe Giorgio , Gigan Sylvain
Published: July 2024

Group formation and coordination are fundamental characteristics of living matter, essential for performing tasks and ensuring survival. Interactions between individuals play a key role in group formation, and the impact of resource distributions is a vibrant area of research. As of now, an understanding of how patchy resource distributions determine group dynamics is not yet fully understood. Studying active particles in controlled optical landscapes as energy sources, we demonstrate a non-monotonic dependency of group size on landscape patchiness, with the smallest groups forming when the patches match the active particles’ size. A similar relationship is observed in terms of group stability, evidenced by a reduced rate of individual exchange in patchy environments compared to homogeneous conditions. Reduced group sizes can be beneficial to optimise resources in heterogeneous environments and to control information flow within populations. Our results provide insights into the role of patchy landscapes and uneven energy distributions in active matter and hold implications for refining swarm intelligence algorithms, enhancing crowd management techniques, and tailoring colloidal self-assembly.
Observation and enhancement of room temperature bilinear magnetoelectric resistance in sputtered topological semimetal Pt3Sn
Authors: Fan Yihong , Cresswell Zach , Yang Yifei , Jiang Wei , Lv Yang , Peterson Thomas J. , Zhang Delin , Liu Jinming , Low Tony , Wang Jian-Ping
Published: July 2024

Topological semimetal materials have attracted a great deal of attention due to their intrinsic strong spin-orbit coupling, which leads to large charge-to-spin conversion efficiency and novel spin transport behaviors. In this work, we have observed a bilinear magnetoelectric resistance (BMER) of up to 0.0034 nm2A−1Oe−1 in a single layer of sputtered semimetal Pt3Sn at room temperature. Being different from previous works, the value of BMER in sputtered Pt3Sn does not change out-of-plane due to the polycrystalline nature of the Pt3Sn layer. The observation of BMER provides strong evidence of the existence of spin-momentum locking in the sputtered polycrystalline Pt3Sn. By adding an adjacent CoFeB magnetic layer, the BMER value of this bilayer system is doubled compared to the single Pt3Sn layer. This work broadens the material system in BMER study, which paves the way for the characterization of topological states and applications for spin memory and logic devices.
Halogen atom regulation of acceptor–donor–acceptor type conjugated molecules for photothermal antibacterial and antibiofilm therapy
Authors: Zhao Yue , Cui Yuanyuan , Xie Shijie , Qi Ruilian , Xu Li , Yuan Huanxiang
Published: July 2024

Halogen atom regulation of acceptor–donor–acceptor type conjugated molecules for efficient photothermal therapy.
Transglutaminase-mediated proximity labeling of a specific Lys residue in a native IgG antibody
Authors: Nishioka Riko , Iida Ryuya , Minamihata Kosuke , Sato Ryo , Kimura Michio , Kamiya Noriho
Published: July 2024

The fusion protein of an engineered microbial transglutaminase and protein G variant enabled site-specific and tag-free labeling of Lys65 of a native IgG with a Gln-donor peptidyl substrate.
An anchor for help: a cross-linking moiety for block copolymer membrane stabilization for ultrafiltration applications in water
Authors: Frieß Florian Volker , Gallei Markus
Published: July 2024

In this work, the authors show the increased compacting resistance of a SNIPS membrane featuring cross-linkable, allylic double bonds in the membrane matrix.
Replacing imidazole with benz-imidazole: a promising approach to enhance the electrocatalytic performance of imidazolium based surface active ionic liquids for greener electrosynthesis
Authors: Hassan Nadia , Kuchey Mohammad Yaseen , Bhat Mohsin Ahmad
Published: July 2024

The aqueous micellar solutions of surface-active ionic liquid viz. 3-dodecyl-1H-3λ-benzo[d]imidazole chloride offer exceptional solubilizing capacity and electrocatalytic performance toward efficient and eco-green electrocarboxylation of halocarbons.
Achieving tunable photoluminescence emission in CaCdGe7O16:Sm3+ persistent luminescence phosphors for optical anti-counterfeiting
Authors: Li Zihui , Li Xiayu , Xiang Zhizhi , Guo Zhen , Wang Xiaoli , Wang Zhenbin , Zhang Mingjin , Liu Weisheng
Published: July 2024

Persistent luminescence phosphors have attracted much attention in the realm of anti-counterfeiting and information storage because of their characteristic properties of optical information storage, long persistent luminescence.
Crystal growth and spectral properties of Tm, Ho : CaGdAlO4 crystal
Authors: Wu Kaijin , Fu Xiuwei , Hao Yuankai , Hu Qiangqiang , Li Yang , Jia Zhitai , Tao Xutang
Published: July 2024

Tm, Ho : CaGdAlO4 disordered crystal was grown using the Czochralski method. Ultra-wide emission spectra (264 nm FWHM) near 2 μm were achieved successfully by modulating the emission intensity of Tm/Ho co-doped ions.
Hexadecanuclear isobutyrate nanoclusters with a {CoII14CoIII2} core
Authors: Stati Dumitru , van Leusen Jan , Kravtsov Victor Ch. , Krämer Karl , Liu Shi-Xia , Decurtins Silvio , Kögerler Paul , Baca Svetlana G.
Published: July 2024

An effective, simple and convenient approach based on the interaction of tridentate triol-containing ligands and small Co(ii) isobutyrates enables the preparation of Co16-based nanoclusters with a previously unknown mixed-valence {CoIII2CoII14} core.
pH-Controlled enzymatic computing for digital circuits and neural networks
Authors: Agiza Ahmed , Marriott Stephen , Rosenstein Jacob K. , Kim Eunsuk , Reda Sherief
Published: July 2024

Unconventional computing paradigms explore new methods for processing information beyond the traditional electronic architectures.
Visible light promoted synthesis of allenes
Authors: Singh Jitender , Saxena Barakha , Sharma Anuj
Published: July 2024

This review article summarizes the visible light mediated synthesis of allenes from substrates like 1,3-enynes, propargylic carbonates, homopropargylic alcohols, propargylic oxalates, alkynyl diazo compounds, and terminal alkynyl aziridines.
Metal- versus ligand-centered reactivity of a cobalt-phenylenediamide complex with electrophiles
Authors: Zou Minzhu , Kuruppu Sewwandi , Emge Thomas J. , Waldie Kate M.
Published: July 2024

A cobalt complex with a phenylenediamide redox-active ligand reacts with an electrophilic trifluoromethyl source to generate a robust Co–CF3 bond, while in contrast, treatment with alkyl electrophiles occurs at the ligand scaffold.
H-buffer effects boosting H-spillover for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Yan Yuanyuan , Du Junyi , Li Chenyang , Yang Jin , Xu Yike , Wang Meiling , Li Yapeng , Wang Tian , Li Xiaosong , Zhang Xianming , Zhou Huang , Hong Xun , Wu Yuen , Kang Lixing
Published: July 2024

A H-buffer chain by exploiting the oxygen diversity of confined polyoxometalates to accelerate H-spillover on Pt in HER is designed. A typical H-spillover pathway (Pt → Obr → O3H → Mo/W → Oc → PCsub-1-nm) is revealed, which can buffer the H-migration barriers.
Fostering sustainable agriculture: genotype-independent plant cell transfection mediated by piezoelectric nanomaterials via sonoporation
Authors: Sangwan Anju , Kaur Gurdeep , Reddy Pallavolu Maheswara , Singh Neetu
Published: July 2024

Core–shell barium titanate nanoparticles with silica (BTNPs@SiO2), amine-functionalized with APTES, followed by pDNA encapsulation, and assessed for transfection efficiency of pDNA conjugated BTNP@SiO2 in plant suspension cells via sonoporation.
Shining light on hybrid perovskites for photoelectrochemical solar to fuel conversion
Authors: Shukla Sudhanshu , Jose Vishal , Mathews Nripan
Published: July 2024

Hybrid halide perovskites (HaPs) represent a class of materials with excellent optoelectronic properties providing distinct avenues for disruptive photo(-electro) catalytic technologies.
Next-generation nitrogen fixation strategy: empowering electrocatalysis with MXenes
Authors: Iravani Siavash , Zarepour Atefeh , Khosravi Arezoo , Varma Rajender S. , Zarrabi Ali
Published: July 2024

MXenes offer environmentally friendly alternatives to conventional N2 fixation methods via potential optimization of their catalytic activity and circumventing some synthesis challenges.
Sustainability of flow chemistry and microreaction technology
Authors: Hessel Volker , Mukherjee Sampurna , Mitra Sutanuka , Goswami Arunava , Tran Nam Nghiep , Ferlin Francesco , Vaccaro Luigi , Galogahi Fariba Malekpour , Nguyen Nam-Trung , Escribà-Gelonch Marc
Published: July 2024

An overview of sustainability outcomes provided by flow chemistry is reviewed for a comprehensive understanding and a holistic perspective. Future trends and potential innovations are also forecast.
Investigating the role of mixed-cation ionic liquid electrolytes in sodium battery efficiency and stability
Authors: Huang Lixu , Makhlooghiazad Faezeh , O'Dell Luke A. , Howlett Patrick C. , Forsyth Maria
Published: July 2024

This study explores the impact of mixed-cation ionic liquid-NaFSI electrolyte on properties for sodium batteries. Higher P111i4FSI enhances electrochemical properties, suggesting cation mixing has potential for improving electrochemical properties.
A novel aurone RNA CAG binder inhibits the huntingtin RNA–protein interaction
Authors: Ballarin Giovanna , Biasiotto Maddalena , Reisbitzer Annika , Hegels Marlen , Bolte Michael , Krauß Sybille , Berdnikova Daria V.
Published: July 2024

A novel aurone binder for CAG RNA repeats has been identified from a library of twenty-eight compounds. The ligand inhibits toxic RNA–protein interactions in the Huntington's disease model.
Highly oriented BN-based TIMs with high through-plane thermal conductivity and low compression modulus
Authors: Yang Rongjie , Wang Yandong , Zhang Zhenbang , Xu Kang , Li Linhong , Cao Yong , Li Maohua , Zhang Jianxiang , Qin Yue , Zhu Boda , Guo Yingying , Zhou Yiwei , Cai Tao , Lin Cheng-Te , Nishimura Kazuhito , Xue Chen , Jiang Nan , Yu Jinhong
Published: July 2024

Large-scale production of highly oriented BN-based TIMs with high through-plane thermal conductivity and low compression modulus.
2-Boronobenzoic acid functionalized silver nanocubes for label free detection of l-arginine and l-cysteine with real sample applications
Authors: Singh Saumya , Upadhyay K. K.
Published: July 2024

Silver sol was synthesized using 2-boronobenzoic acid (2-BBA) as the reducing and capping agent. The as-synthesized AgNCs detected l-arginine and l-cysteine simultaneously at their micromolar level through two distinct color changes.
Zn3V2O7(OH)2·2H2O/MXene cathode with fast ion diffusion for highly durable zinc ion batteries
Authors: Su Wanting , Lang Man , Li Weiwei , Li Huili
Published: July 2024

The well-designed ZVO/Ti3C2Tx composites exhibited enhanced conductivity, hydrophilicity and a Zn2+ diffusion coefficient of approximately 10−7–10−8 cm2 s−1.
Polymerized ionic liquid Co-catalysts driving photocatalytic CO2 transformation
Authors: Eisele Lisa , Hulaj Bletë , Podsednik Maximilian , Laudani Francesco , Ayala Pablo , Cherevan Alexey , Foelske Annette , Limbeck Andreas , Eder Dominik , Bica-Schröder Katharina
Published: July 2024

An ionic liquid polymeric matrix is used to immobilize a ruthenium photosensitizer and rhenium catalyst for selective CO2 reduction to CO.
Improving the thermoelectric performance of p-type (BixSb1−x)2Te3 thin films via tuning the BixSb1−x layer
Authors: Ju Hang , Zhu Beibei , Wang Wenya , Chen Lili , Ni Xianfeng , Tao Li
Published: July 2024

Through annealing the precursor layer BixSb1−x combined with thickness variation, the Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity are increased simultaneously in (BixSb1−x)2Te3. A resultant high PF of 37.78 μW cm−1 K−2 is obtained.
Matrix-degrading soft-nanoplatform with enhanced tissue penetration for amplifying photodynamic therapeutic efficacy of breast cancer
Authors: Lu Wei , Wang Ning , Liu Xiao , Chen Dong , Li Qiang , Rui Jianxin , Ning Weiqing , Shi Xuzhi , Li Chang , Zhao Yatong , He Ao , Teng Zhaogang
Published: July 2024

Herein, we successfully prepared matrix-degrading soft-nanocapsules with enhanced penetration ability for tumors, which effectively improves the photodynamic therapeutic efficacy.
Black chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) copigmentation reaction: Thermodynamic and kinetic investigations
Authors: Gandova Vanya , Petrova Ivalina
Published: July 2024

Two type of parameters (thermodynamics and kinetics) were used to determine thermal stability of copigmentation process in black chokeberry: chlorogenic acid system. According to thermodynamic investigations copigmentation complex was destroyed at high temperature and restored again at low temperature. Different parameters kinetic rate constant, energy of activation and z-factor were presented and the reaction Based on them the order of the reaction was determined as first order.
Viscosity, surface energies and surface heat capacities of three essential oils
Authors: Gandova Vanya
Published: July 2024

In these study three essential oils were investigated in temperature range between 10 and 40°C. The surface energy and surface heat capacity were determined for them. Dynamic and kinematic viscosity were found in same temperature range. According investigations the best results are obtained for the Pinus sylvestris essential oil, after that for the Junipperus communis essential oil and Oreganum herachoticum, essential oil, respectively.
Lipid composition and physicochemical parameters of unrefined sunflower oil
Authors: Gandova Vanya , Teneva Olga , Petkova Zhana , Iliev Ivan , Stoianova Albena
Published: July 2024

Unrefined sunflower oil is obtained by pressing of the sunflower seeds and subsequent fine filtration. It contains more biologically active substances compared to the refined one, it is more stable to oxidation processes, for that reason it is widely used in the composition of the various food products. The main acids in the oil are oleic (56.5%), linoleic (31.7%), palmitic (6.4%), and stearic acid (3.2%). Total sterol content is 0.7%, with ß-sitosterol as a main component (84.0%). The quantity of tocopherol is 188 mg/kg and it consists of one compound α-tocopherol (100%). Different physicochemical parameters were obtained at temperature ranges (from 20 to 80°C). The values of these parameters decrease with an increase in temperature, density (from 0.938 to 0.901 g/ml), surface tension (from 44.124 to 31.787 mN/m), dynamic viscosity (from 29.195 to 14.913 mPa.s), and kinematic viscosity (from 31.125 to 16.552 mm2/s). All these changes are in confirmation of the data from the literature and are relevant in our next studies.
Physical and sensory characteristics of soaps obtained using red hot pepper seeds oil (Capsicum annuum L.)
Authors: Delinska Nikolaya , Perifanova-Nemska Mariyana , Petrova Ivanka , Gandova Vanya , Zsivanovits Gabor
Published: July 2024

Sensory profile of cosmetic products, including soaps, is essential to consumer perception. Therefore, soap manufacturers, using new and alternative raw materials, strive to improve the appearance of soaps, their consistency, their ability to foam, the feeling of cleanliness, the feeling on the skin after use, etc. The aim of this research is to determine the quality and sensory characteristics of soaps obtained with hot pepper seeds oil (Capsicum annuum L.) – an alternative raw material from waste plant products. Four different soap variations were crafted, employing diverse combinations of palm oil, coconut oil, and hot pepper seed oil in their formulations. Certain quality attributes of the soaps were assessed, including hardness, stickiness, and surface tension. Also, the sensory evaluation was made. The conclusions drawn from the study align with the findings obtained through physicochemical and chemical analyses of the soap samples. The results affirm the potential of hot pepper seed oil for cold process soap production, albeit within a restricted range to 10 %.
Assessment of the Quality Profile of Oriental Tobacco from the Commodity Segment of Basma Variety Group (Ecotype Krumovgrad)
Authors: Nikolova Violeta , Nikolov Nikolay , Popova Venelina
Published: July 2024

The production of Oriental tobacco has a significant role for the social status of Bulgarian farmers and the economic priorities of the regions. The demand for tobaccos that are truly competitive on the international market has forced the dominant production of Krumovgrad ecotype varieties in the country. The aim of the present research was to evaluate the quality profile of Oriental tobacco of Krumovgrad ecotype (variety Krumovgrad 90), as a significant part of the commodity segment of the Basma variety group. The study was carried out with tobaccos, produced in 10 micro regions of the Nevrokop region, 2019 crop year. Cured leaves were assessed in terms of chemical, visual and sensory quality, and the tobaccos were finally rated according to their complex quality manifestation (based on the achieved “quality index” value). The technological assessment of the quality profile of the studied Oriental tobacco of ecotype Krumovgrad proved that there were significant differences in cured leaf quality between the tobacco samples representing the same variety and crop year but grown in different areas. As a result from the complex quality evaluation procedure, the best rated was the tobacco produced in Godeshevo micro region, followed by those from Kornitsa, Furgovo and Ablanitsa. The data obtained by the study could be useful from the point of view of the technological processing of cured tobacco leaves and the objective of obtaining uniform batches of Krumovgrad ecotype tobacco within the commodity segment.
Comparative Technological Assessment of the Quality Formation of Local and Introduced Varieties of Virginia Flue-cured and Burley Tobaccos
Authors: Nikolov Nikolay , Nikolova Violeta , Popova Venelina
Published: July 2024

The production of “marketable” tobacco is decisive in the pReferences of local farmers towards certain varieties of Virginia and Burley tobaccos. The aim of the study was to complete a comparative technological evaluation of the quality potential of introduced and local varieties of Virginia flue-cured and Burley air-cured tobaccos in Bulgaria. The investigation was conducted with tobaccos from 2018 crop year and included 4 varieties of Virginia flue-cured and 2 varieties of Burley tobacco (local and introduced), grown in different regions of Southern and Northern Bulgaria. The complex assessment of tobacco quality was based on leaf and smoke chemical indicators, external leaf quality elements and smoking performance of the studied tobaccos. The final rating was achieved by referring to the value of the calculated “quality indices”. Two of the local varieties, V 0454 from region Parvomay and PVH 19 from Central Northern Bulgaria were rated the best in the complex evaluation of the FCV tobaccos. A better complex expression of quality was found in the introduced (trial) variety Burley N compared to the local Burley 1317 in Southern Bulgaria region.
Spatial distribution and variability of soil agrochemical properties in Botevgrad valley
Authors: Hristov Biser , Ilieva Krastena , Petrova Kamelia , Pesheva Bilyana , Kuncheva Gergana
Published: July 2024

The paper deals with spatial analysis that evaluates the main agrochemical properties of the Botevgrad valley. The soil samples were taken along a pre-selected grid so as to cover the areas selected for research. The interpolation of the data was done according to geostatistical interpolation method and the output value is using Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW). Spatial distribution is a valuable tool for determining nutrient availability and nutrient management practices to optimize crop production and minimizing environmental impacts. As a general guideline, total nitrogen content in soil is commonly found in the range of 0.1% to 0.2% on a weight basis. Soils with higher organic matter content often have higher total nitrogen levels because organic matter is a significant source of nitrogen. It’s important to note that the optimal levels of available potassium and phosphorus can vary depending on the specific soil type.
Skin sensitization evaluation of a flavanol from processed rose wastewater for cosmetic application
Authors: Koleva Yana , Miteva Milena , Trifonova Viktoria , Stancheva Krasimira , Dobreva Ana
Published: July 2024

Flavanols are extremely relevant for application and study due to the beneficial effect they have for humans when used internally or externally. They are identified in almost all plant cultures, as their metabolic products. Their pronounced benefit for protecting and restoring the skin in case of mechanical damage, radiation, allergens, chemicals and infections has been proven. Due to their natural origin, their dermatological application is also preferred. In such a case, the action of the chemical compounds and the generated skin metabolites have different mechanisms of action with respect to DNA and binding to proteins. The preliminary assessment of skin sensitization is a complex and lengthy task. Depending on the results, it is necessary to have an efficient technological approach for the isolation of flavanols with skin sensitization. Evaluation of the probable skin metabolic activity of cosmetic products containing flavanol (Luteolin) from processed rose wastewater is the aim of the conducted research, as well as prediction of protein and DNA binding of its metabolites by in silico methods (OECD QSAR Toolbox). The parent structure of the compound, as well as some of its generated metabolites, exhibit reactivity, i.e. they have different mechanisms of action in terms of DNA and protein binding.
Some practical approaches of the poultry slaughter wastewater treatment by apply physico-chemical treatment
Authors: Zaharia Andrei , Nedeff Valentin , Frunza Nicolata , Nedeff Florin , Barsan Narcis , Chitimuş Dana
Published: July 2024

As a result of slaughtering processes, large volumes of effluents with high concentrations of organic, inorganic and microbiological pollutants are generated. The pollutants composition must be reduced by apply simultaneous processes in order, to obtain an proper effluent before discharge. In this paper, the efficiency of the physico-chemical treatment process was determined, in which a rotary sieve and the Dissolved Air Flotation (DAF) system were used. The efficiency of the DAF process was determined by comparing the quality indicators of effluents from a poultry slaughterhouse, analyzed both before and after treatment. To carry out the analysis, the samples were taken in October and November 2023, and they were determined by using certified laboratory procedures. After setting the DAF process to an optimal operating regime and chemicals dosages, the quality indicators were significantly reduced, reaching a maximum of 99%, 98%, 93%, 92%, 85%, 84%, for TSS, PO4, NO3, TKN, BOD5 and COD.
Improvement of technology in the cultivation of strawberries hybrid Soraya F1 during a vegetative trial
Authors: Balan Halyna , Melnychenko Andriy , Sergiyenko Valentyna , Enakiev Yuriy , Domuschi Dmitry
Published: July 2024

The Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) is a favorite dessert crop, which is in great demand and ranks first among fruit and berry crops. The principle of growing strawberries directly from seeds gives the advantages of obtaining clean, reliable plant material and improving phytosanitary conditions. The aim of the research was to introduce innovations in the technology of growing high-quality planting material of garden strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) of the Superelite class based on healthy hybrid seeds of the first generation of strawberry hybrid Soraya F1 under artificial lighting conditions in hydroponic culture. As a result, innovations in the artificial lighting regime, hydroponic culture conditions, substrate composition, irrigation regime and composition of the nutrient solution for root nutrition of plants were introduced, the flow of phytohormones, phytosanitary condition and quality of strawberry crop were analyzed.
Production of biodiesel from low-quality vegetable oils with a high content of free fatty acids by acid-catalyzed transesterification
Authors: Bayryamov Stanislav , Kopchev Vasil
Published: July 2024

Research on the production and application of cheap and renewable energy sources is one of the most relevant directions in modern science. They are imposed for a number of reasons, mainly due to the limited deposits of oil, natural gas and coal, the protection of the environment and the health of people. Unfortunately, the needs for such alternative energy sources are huge, and the possibilities for obtaining them are limited. On the other hand, low-quality vegetable oils obtained as waste products or as a result of improper storage or processing, as well as oils after use represent a valuable raw material and energy source. However, this necessitates the search for ways to utilize them by turning them into better quality products. The aim of the present work is to investigate the possibility of obtaining methyl esters of fatty acids (biodiesel), from vegetable oils with high acid values, by transesterification with acid catalysts, which includes the selection of suitable catalysts and conditions for optimal process progress.
Winter wheat varieties responsiveness to soil and foliar fertilization
Authors: Ivanova Albena Marinova , Atanasova Pavlina Naskova , Konsulova-Bakalova Marya Ivanova
Published: July 2024

Common winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) makes up more than half of the cereals grown in the European Union and in Bulgaria. For two years (2021-2022) a field experiment was carried out at the experimental plain of the Department of Plant Production at the Technical University of Varna. Two varieties of winter common wheat were grown, a selection of the Dobrudja Agricultural Institute - General Toshevo. The trial pattern included a variant without fertilization (control - Fert 0), a variant with combined foliar feeding and soil fertilization (Fert SF) and a variant with soil fertilization alone (Fert S). The effect of the way of fertilizing on the productivity and quality of winter common wheat was investigated. Grain yield (GY) and its structural elements - spike length (LMS), number of grains per spike (NGS) and grain weight per spike (WGS), weight per 1000 grains (TGW) and hectoliter weight (TestW) were determined. Biochemical analysis of the wheat grain was performed and the content of protein (Pr), starch (St) and ash substances (Ash) was determined. Fertilization has a strong effect on productivity and grain quality in winter common wheat (both alone and in combination with growing conditions). The method of fertilization has an effect on the productivity of winter common wheat - feeding with foliar fertilizers during the spring vegetation (in the tillering and booting phases) increases grain yield as a result of increasing each of the productivity components. The method of fertilization does not have a significant impact on the quality indicators of winter common wheat, with the exception of the hectoliter mass, whose values are proven to be higher during soil nutrition. The two studied Bulgarian varieties, Sladuna and Nikodim, differ from each other in their efficiency in relation to the way of feeding in the spring.
Preface
Authors: Iliev Teodor , Stoyanov Ivaylo , Mihaylov Grigor , Kogias Panagiotis , Fantidis Jacob
Published: July 2024

International Conference on Electronics, Engineering Physics and Earth Science (EEPES 2024), 19 - 21 June, 2024, Kavala, Greece.
Analyses of the energy efficiency enhancement in Bulgarian health care premises
Authors: Zlateva Penka , Ivanov Martin , Terziev Angel
Published: July 2024

The presented study examines how hospital buildings in Bulgaria consume energy, reduce emissions, and save energy. The study uses data from energy efficiency surveys of 38 hospital buildings, where 137 energy-saving measures were implemented between 2015 and 2021. These hospital buildings range in size from 465 m2to 19,026 m2, with a total studied area of 151,306 m2, divided into three groups for analytical convenience. The study presents detailed findings on annual energy savings, with the highest savings achieved in Group 2 (G2), reaching an impressive 51.1% in 2021. Furthermore, the study analyzes the reduction in carbon emissions, with Group 2 again showing the largest decrease, reducing emissions by 2,097 tCO2 in 2019. These results underscore the significant positive impact of the implemented energy-saving measures, demonstrating substantial improvements in the energy efficiency of the studied hospital buildings. In addition, to highlight the financial and environmental benefits of the reduced energy consumption and lower carbon emissions, the study also offers a valuable model for similar initiatives in other regions. It emphasizes the critical importance of energy efficiency and how targeted measures can effectively contribute to sustainable development in the healthcare sector. This comprehensive analysis provides policymakers, healthcare administrators, and energy efficiency advocates with valuable insights and effective strategies for reducing energy use and emissions in hospital buildings. By showcasing the success of these measures, the study aims to inspire broader adoption of energy efficiency practices, ultimately contributing to global sustainability efforts.
Enhancing internal combustion engine fault detection through co-simulation with piezoelectric pressure measuring chains
Authors: Ahmedov Ahmed , Zlatov Nikolay , Beloev Ivan , Hristov Georgi , Zahariev Plamen
Published: July 2024

This study undertakes a proof-of-concept investigation,employing a combination of physics-based and empirical models toanalyze an in-cylinder pressure piezo-electric measurement chain. Theprimary objective is to systematically characterize and comprehenddeviations arising from the components within the measuring chain. Themethod implemented elucidates the real-time capabilities of the measuringchain model, thereby refining raw measurement data to discern deviations(errors) in the measuring chain components. This endeavor is gearedtowards facilitating effective condition monitoring and enhancing systemreliability. We detail our approach, which integrates co-simulationtechniques with piezo-electric pressure measuring chains, to detect andmitigate faults within internal combustion engines. Through this approach,we develop a comprehensive understanding of the underlying dynamics ofthe measuring chain, allowing for automated parameter estimation usinggenetic algorithms. Our key findings reveal significant improvements infault detection accuracy, with a notable reduction in in-cylinder pressureerrors. This study not only contributes to advancing fault detectionmethodologies but also holds promise for optimizing engine performanceand reliability in various applications.
Knowledge discovery from energy consumption data
Authors: Kazolis Dimitrios Th. , Fantidis Jacob G. , Roumeliotis Nikolaos
Published: July 2024

The acquisition of information and thus, the knowledgeextraction from large databases, is a constantly developing modernscientific field, and a particularly important aspect of InformationTechnology. Different techniques and methodologies have been applied incombination with different types of data for obtaining the optimal result.This paper is a continuation of the effort to discover knowledge, in theform of correlations, from data concerning electricity consumption. Theinnovative part of this attempt is, the way that data was associated withtime, and moreover, the combination of the used methods. Specifically,analytical consumption data was used, which were taken at a frequency ofhalf an hour, throughout the year 2023. This consumption, which covers anentire city, concerning the indications of the distribution transformersfound in different areas of the city of Kavala, in Greece. The data, wasfurther combined with the time subdivisions of the whole year with theaim, to draw conclusions about the variation and association ofconsumption in relation to the hours, days and seasons of the year. In orderto carry out the process, both statistical methods, such as factor analysis,normalization, and data mining techniques, such as cluster analysis wereimplemented. The final conclusion of the above process is that the methodsused cooperate perfectly with each other. Furthermore, the analysis revealsthat consumption is greatly influenced by certain periods of time during theyear and this result seems strongly reasonable.
Assessment of hydropower potential of some existing obstacles on rivers. Case study: Arges-Vedea basin, Romania
Authors: Vuta Liana Ioana , Dumitran Gabriela Elena , Iliev Teodor , Tica Eliza Isabela , Neagoe Angela , Popa Bogdan
Published: July 2024

Hydropower represents one of the oldest and most developed technologies for electricity generation. Combined with more and more harsh environmental … societal restrictions, this led to a lack of available sites for developing new hydropower plants. At the same time, water streams are usually equipped with different hydrotechnical works for preventing flooding or assuring/supplying water to various beneficiaries. This is why in the latest years there is a new trend related to empowering existing hydrotechnical structures. This paper presents an assessment of the theoretical hydropower potential for 7 existing water barriers in Arges-Vedea hydrographic basin, Romania. Based on historical river discharge data and forecasted data for two climate change scenarios, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5, the gain in clean energy is presented and compared with the results for the reference period. The results show that while the cost of empowering the considered sites is around 760,000 Euro, a total energy generation of over 600 MWh/year can be obtained.
Assessment of the TEROS 10 and TEROS 12 sensors in soil moisture measurement
Authors: Fragkos Athanasios , Loukatos Dimitrios , Kargas Georgios , Symeonaki Eleni , Arvanitis Konstantinos G.
Published: July 2024

This study focuses on investigating the accuracy of the empirical equations proposed by the manufacturing company for the widely used TEROS 10 and TEROS 12 sensors. Specifically, the study examines whether the raw - unprocessed - measurements provided by the two sensors lead to reliable predictions of soil moisture and electrical conductivity values when these particular empirical equations are utilized. For this purpose, a prototype setup was developed, incorporating a lowcost microcontroller along with auxiliary power supply and data acquisition circuits for the sensors. The results highlight the need for specific calibration of the sensors for each soil type and salinity level. Additionally, the behaviour of the sensors operating at low frequency (70 MHz) under increasing salinity conditions is contrary to expectations.
Simulation model of 177 MWe coal-fired double power unit
Authors: Radenkov Vasil , Ignatov Borislav
Published: July 2024

Model-based studies are widely used in the analysis and optimization of complex energy conversion processes in large thermal power plants. The creation and validation of a model of a power unit utilizing Bulgarian lignite enables us to study in detail the redistribution of heat flows in that unit. Along with the ability to optimize the thermodynamic cycle of energy generation, this research method enables us to conduct many study tasks that cannot be realized by conducting expensive and complex industrial experiments. The current article presents the creation of thermodynamic simulation model of a 4th power unit firing lignite coal in Maritsa East 2 TPP. Validation of the numerical solution was performed with data from the "Operating Instructions for the boilers”, design heat balance calculations for steam turbine installation and performance test results onsite on two different loads.
L’examen clinique a t-il encore sa place à l’heure de l’imagerie ?
Authors: Arpaillange Colette , Fanuel-Barret Dominique
Published: July 2024

La réalisation d’un examen neurologique a pour priorité de déterminer l’origine lésionnelle éventuelle de l’épilepsie et ainsi, de raisonner les indications de l’imagerie cérébrale.

Associé à l’étude comportementale, il permet de distinguer les rares situations où l’origine est strictement comportementale. Cette approche clinique complète et rigoureuse donne surtout une idée plus précise de l’origine des crises. La détection des comorbidités comportementales éventuelles offre des perspectives de traitement bénéfiques à la prise en charge.

Cet article décrit les temps forts de l’examen neurologique dans ce contexte précis des épilepsies : examen en liberté, réactions posturales, examen des nerfs crâniens.

L’évaluation comportementale et son inter-prétation sont aussi présentées.

Les données relatives à leur interprétation et les éléments de pronostic que l’on peut en déduire font l’objet d’une dernière partie.
La prise en charge médicale des épilepsies
chez le chien et le chat
Authors: Musso Clément , Cauzinille Laurent
Published: July 2024

Les manifestations épileptiformes, bien qu’elles puissent être de causes différentes (réactive, structurelle ou idiopathique), se gèrent avec des antiépileptiques identiques.

L’objectif du traitement de l’épilepsie idiopathique est rarement la disparition complète des crises mais plutôt d’améliorer la qualité de vie de l’animal en diminuant leur fréquence d’apparition, leur intensité, leur durée, leur nombre à chaque période d’instabilité, la longueur de la phase postictale, d’éviter la survenue de crises subintrantes ou d’un status epilepticus, le tout avec le moins d’effets secondaires possibles et une observance acceptable.

Il est important de savoir quand et comment commencer le traitement, souvent le plus tôt possible afin de minimiser les remodelages au niveau cérébral et l’évolution vers une aggravation des crises.
En médecine vétérinaire, il existe plusieurs molécules possédant une AMM pour le traitement de l’épilepsie canine ou féline tel que le Phénobarbital, le Bromure de Potassium ou l’Imépitoïne mais également des molécules de médecine humaine utilisées hors autorisation de mise sur le marché dont la plus fréquente est le Levetiracetam.
Le bromure de potassium
Authors: Hugnet Christophe , Hugnet Christine , Hugnet Manon
Published: July 2024

Cette revue traite de l’abord nutritionnel de l’épilepsie idiopathique chez le chien, le but étant de réduire ou d’annuler les crises. Les animaux épileptiques présentent différents tableaux cliniques, statut nutritionnels et traitements, et parfois d’autres maladies, de sorte qu’il n’est pas facile de formuler une seule recommandation, en l’occurrence un type d’aliment précis. Il faut également tenir compte des complications induites par les médicaments. Actuellement, il manque donc de données cliniques supportant une stratégie nutritionnelle unique.

Présentant un certain succès, les régimes cétogènes "humain" et "humain modifié" sont expliqués : ils miment l’acétonémie (cétose) induite par le jeûne. Ces régimes sont très riches en graisses et génèrent de nombreux effets secondaires ou carences : ils ne peuvent être transposés chez le chien.
Deux essais de régimes cétogènes menés chez le chien sont expliqués ; l’un est à rejeter car a provoqué des pancréatites tandis que le second, bien que proche dans sa composition d’un aliment classique, paraît être au minimum inefficace chez 29 % des animaux testés.

Certaines supplémentations hasardeuses initiées par les propriétaires posent également question.
Aussi, à l’heure actuelle, dans l’attente de nouvelles données, une approche nutritionnelle individualisée classique est raisonnable pour le chien épileptique. Elle peut en effet permettre de réduire des co-morbidités associées comme la pancréatite.
Le Tramadol
Authors: Kohlauer Matthias , Tissier Renaud
Published: July 2024

Le tramadol est une molécule utilisée largement dans les douleurs post-opératoires ou les douleurs chroniques chez le chien. Les données pharmacologiques suggèrent néanmoins que son efficacité est surtout liée à l’un de ses métabolites (M1), responsable d’une activation des récepteurs µ aux opiacés.

Chez le chien, les biotransformations hépatiques n’aboutissent qu’à une concentration plasmatique négligeable en M1 et la biodisponibilité orale est aussi très réduite. Ces données semblent alors suggérer une faible efficacité du tramadol dans la gestion de la douleur chez le chien.

Les études cliniques sur le sujet corroborent les études de pharmacologie fondamentale en démontrant que l’administration de tramadol par voie orale ne produit pas de bénéfice supérieur à l’administration d’un placebo.
Les études évaluant l’effet propre du tramadol après administration par voie parentérale sont très peu nombreuses mais suggèrent là aussi un effet analgésique souvent surévalué.

Son utilisation doit alors être restreinte à la voie parentérale, si possible en association avec d’autres molécules au bénéfice analgésique plus spécifique.