bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
P03-224 - Alcohol And Cognition: A Literature Review
Authors: Osain Welcome M. , Alekseevich Pereverzev V.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

Presently, there is huge body of data, concerning the effect of alcohol use on cognitive functions. Some epidemiological data suggest that low to moderate alcohol dose might have positive effects on cognition. However, others contradict this finding. This paper reviews recent data on the effect of alcohol use (dose-dependent effect) on cognition at varying age limit.

Methods

Peer reviewed publications on the effect of alcohol use on cognitive function from Elsevier and Pubmed from the year 1940 to July, 2009 were critically examined.

Result/ Discussion

The benefits of alcohol on cognition lie on the positive effect of moderate alcohol use on the cardiovascular system. The majority of data shows that moderate alcohol use (up to 1-2 drinks/day) is associated with better cognitive functions (by decreasing the rate of dementia and depression), especially in old adults (≥55 years). Although very few data suggest that alcohol use by young adults and middle aged people, these studies did not find significant link between alcohol use and cognition. Consumption of 1-2 drinks (with 2 alcohol free days) might be associated with better cognition, especially among women (≥30 years). Men might be at a higher risk of cognitive functions disorders, even at moderate alcohol use. Diet, smoking, environmental factors are determinants of the effect of moderate alcohol use on cognitive functions.
P03-225 - Exploring The Role Of Cell Receptors In Substance Use
Authors: Osain Welcome M. , Alekseevich Pereverzev V.
Published: June 2010

Understanding the complex mechanisms in the development of substance use disorders lies at the receptor level - binding potential, ability of ligand to stimulate receptor autophosphorylation, degree of receptor activation/deactivation reactions - are the basis of the pathogenesis of alcohol/other drugs induced liver and brain damages, ischemic heart disease, allostatic load-effect, intoxication, addiction, tolerance, craving, relapse, and their associated complex chain of enzymatic reaction are key steps to developing effective prevention and treatment. Dose response inhibition of GP IIb/IIIa, P-selectin, CD 63 and CD 107a human platelet receptors by ethanol has been observed. The activation of GABA-B receptor, has recently been shown to be effective in inducing abstinence and reducing alcohol craving and consumption in alcoholics. The fact that alcohol reduces the activity of glutamate by interacting with NMDA receptors has shown promising effects in drug therapy. The anticonvulsant, Topiramate acts on AMPA-kainate receptors, and decreases glutamate activity while increasing GABA activity. Decreased activity of 5-HT3 serotonin receptor has been shown to reduce the frequency and quantity of drinking in humans. The dopamine receptors also play significant role in substance use. Another recent candidate of therapeutic target is the brain CB1 receptor that responds to endocannabinoids. Comprehensive research is needed to confirm and further explore the effects of new therapeutic agents and addictive substances on various cell receptors, which are implicated in substance use disorders.
P03-229 - The Pseudo-Mediator-Antioxidant Effect Of Alcohol
Authors: Osain Welcome M. , Alekseevich Pereverzev V.
Published: June 2010

This is a hypothesis that has come a long way to explaining some peculiarities of alcohol effect in the central nervous system. An important postulate in this hypothesis is the role of some alcohol-adducts in neurotransmission, especially in the early stages of intoxication and the degree of thermo-dynamical balance during adducts formation provide important clues to its effect, and to find better treatment options for addiction. Another postulate is that adducts at its initial formation, might act as antioxidants. Adduct formation in relation to the quantity and frequency of alcohol use, its role in behavior, dependence and tolerance is still not known. Majority of data shows that adducts of magnesium halide/alcohol; lipoprotein; 4-mthyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarbaldehyde, MDHDC; FAAB, MAA are responsible for the carcinogenic/damaging effects of alcohol. The degree of hematological derangements caused by acetaldehyde adducts might have serious implications in brain functions. Recent studies have shown that adducts can induce the release of proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α in heart endothelial cell. Biological responses to adduct-modified proteins are responsible for the development and/or progression of alcoholic liver disease. Researches have consistently shown that any liver dysfunction, even without apparent damage might lead to significantly low performance in neuropsychological tests.
P03-232 - Gappig Criteria For Determining Low To Moderate Alcohol Dose
Authors: Osain Welcome M. , Alekseevich Pereverzev V.
Published: June 2010

Alcohol recommendations have been mostly based on the functions of the circulating system. Extensive literature data analysis revealed that the recommended 1-2 drinks/day in most cases has resulted in unexpected negative outcome. Even though the excretion time of alcohol by the body is known, little is known about the intracellular changes caused by the slight increase in blood alcohol concentration. As s result, much is still needed to be done in the subject. Many studies have been confirmed the age differences in alcohol use and related problems. Based on current literature data, generalizing alcohol recommendations based on its effects on the circulating system, or body mass index is actually misleading. Recent epidemiological data show that low to moderate dose of alcohol is harmful for certain professions, as it is linked to metabolic incompetency under effective work. We therefore, provided a no-addition-subtraction criterion, called the GAPPIG, which put in analysis, all of the following parameters: Gender, Age, Profession, Prevalent disease in the population, Individual's health status, Genetic predisposition. The GAPPIG criteria put into consideration all the determinants of work performance as well as factors that modulate alcohol effects.
P03-240 - Psychological, Environmental Or Physical Factors, Which Is The First Cause In Tendency To Addiction?
Authors: Mosavi Amiri S.J. , Homayouni A.
Published: June 2010

Aim

The aim of the research is to test this question what is the first cause of addiction? Psychological, Environmental or Physical causes.

Method

80 addicted people were randomly selected and Abuse Drug Assessment Inventory (ADAI) was administered on them. Chi Square formula was used to analyze the results.

Results

Findings showed 55 percent of tendency to addiction was psychological. Also more analyzing showed 65 percent of continuing causes of addiction were psychological factors such as fear, anxiety, sorrow.

Conclusion

In regard to results we should put more emphasis on psychological prevention and treatment methods so that both tendency to addiction and continuing causes of addiction decrease and control.
P03-244 - Effect Of Methadone Maintenance Therapy On Selective Attention And Drug Related Attention Bias
Authors: Nejati V.
Published: June 2010

One of the main problems of the drug abusers is drug related attention bias, which causes craving, and as a result drive the drug abusers to take narcotics. Methadone is used as a maintenance treatment for drug abusers.

The purpose of this study is evaluation the effect of Methadone Maintenance Therapy (MMT) on selective attention and attention bias related drug.

This study investigated drug cue-related attention bias and selective attention on 16 methadone-maintained patients before and 45 days after methadone therapy period. Stroop Color-Word Test and Addiction Stroop Test were used as measurement methods. Dependent T-Test was used for analysis. Results show less reaction time and higher accuracy in Color-Word Stroop Test after MMT and less delay for Addict Related Word in Addiction Stroop Test. It is concluded that methadone can improve selective attention capability and reduce drug related attention bias and it is useful for reducing craving in drug abuser.
P03-247 - The Use Of Benzodiazepines Among Patients Hospitalized In Medical Services
Authors: Ochoa Mangado E. , de la Vega D.C. , Regidor Bonafonte A. , Gómez Soler R. , Martínez de Velasco Soriano R.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

Benzodiazepines are commonly prescribed since the 1960, when they replaced barbiturics. Although there is no doubt about their efficacy in treating anxiety, insomnia or other psychiatric disorders, we should also take into account the fact that these drugs are easily misused.

In this work we analyze the intake of benzodiazepines among patients hospitalized due to medical problems.

Methods

Retrospective review of clinical histories of patients attended by the Drug Unit of the Psychiatry Service in the last twelve months. Bibliographical review of the theme. Data analyzed using the SPSS software 15.0 version.

Results

45 patients were subjected to our survey, 41 of them male. 66% were HIV Positive patients, and the most frequent cause of hospitalization was pneumonia (51’1%). Most of the patients attended were drug abusers (see the graphic below). When the benzodiazepines abusers were asked how they obtained them, 40’6% recognized the got them without prescription, 25% said they got them legally, and 34’4 answered that they got them legally but also without prescription. 62’5% of the patients usually took alprazolam.

Conclusions

Benzodiazepine abuse, in particular alprazolam, is quiet common among the patients we see.

In half of the cases the use of benzodiazepines could have worsen the prognosis of the patients.
P03-251 - Current Findings: Hypoglycemia In Drinkers After 7-10 Days Of Alcohol Use In Doses Of 23 Ml Of Pure Ethanol
Authors: Osain Welcome M. , Alekseevic Pereverzev V.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

Moderate alcohol use might be detrimental under certain conditions. We examined the efficiency of maintenance of blood glucose level (BGL) at normal range among non-alcohol and moderate alcohol users under intensive mental activities.

Methods

Fourth year medical students - male volunteers (5 non-alcohol and 8 moderate alcohol users who had abstained from alcohol for the last 7-10 days before the study) were involved in the study, which took 6 hrs on fasting. AUDIT, texts and questions, tests on visual, auditory short-term memory and attention were used as a measure. BGL was measured at 2hrs interval. Hypoglycemia was defined according to Galan ED et al (Neth J Med 2006; 64 (8): 269-279) as BGL ≤4.5mMole/L. The t-test was employed for statistical analysis.

Results

Alcohol users on the average drank 23ml of pure ethanol/session and 1-2 times/month. Non-alcohol users had increased BGL (4.02 as initial to 5.76mMole/L after 6hrs) in all phases of the experiment (ð< 0.001). Alcohol users had increase in BGL (0.45mMole/L increase, initial - 4.20) within the first two hours and a significant fall in the 4-6 hrs (p< 0.05) up to 3.80mmole/L, and was accompanied by a significant decrease in mental work productivity coefficient.

Conclusion

Alcohol use even in moderate doses results in hypoglycemia, subsequently leading to low mental work productivity, especially under 4-6 hr intensive mental activities.
P03-254 - Antidepressants In Treatment Of Opiate Post-Detoxication Depressive Syndrome
Authors: Ramah A. , Todorovic M.
Published: June 2010

Withdrawal syndrome and post-detoxication period in opiate addicts is characterized by different psychopathologic phenomena including the depressive syndrome.

The aim was to determine the response of the depressive symptoms in opiate post-detoxication syndrome to antidepressants.

Within the sample of 54 heroin addicts detoxified in the period June 2008 to December 2008, 33% were diagnosed as depression requiring treatment with antidepressants.

The assessment of depression performed 21 day after the last use of opiate by means of CGI-S scale and the improvement during the treatment by CGI-I scale. Duration of the treatment lasted 4 months on average.

The results show reduction in depressive symptoms registered in 83% of patients for at least one point on the CGI-I scale, also patients were kept in the treatment programme approximately 2 mounths longer than average.

Opiate post-detoxication syndrome with depressive symptoms indicates antidepressant use and resulted in remission or recovery of symptoms and improves possibilities to keep patients in integrative treatment program
P03-255 - Comparative Analysis Of Criminal Acts Related To Heroine And Alcohol Abuse
Authors: Roganovic M. , Sevaljevic N. , Tomcuk A. , Matkovic N. , Becir K. , Becir R.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

Through years of practice on Substance Abuse Word in Specialized Psychiatric Hospital Kotor in Montenegro, we had an opportunity to work with a significant number of addicts who were sentenced for mandatory treatment in psychiatric hospital. Patients came mainly from group who committed criminal acts either under influence of alcohol or whose actions were determined by heroin addiction.

Objectives

To analyze the nature of criminal acts between forensic patients with alcohol and heroin abuse problem.

Aims

To distinguish characteristics between these two groups

Method

These two groups were compared according to data collected for each patient individually. Data was based on court sentences, forensic evaluation reports, observation during treatment, psychologist's and psychiatric findings. This data gave a better insight into motives, circumstances, and nature of criminal acts for each patient. In this way, we were able to distinguish common aspects of criminal acts both for group of alcoholics and group of heroin addicts.

Results

Our study has shown that nature of criminal acts among addicts significantly differs regarding type of addiction, in this case alcohol and heroin ones.

Conclusions

In general, criminal acts of alcoholics are more violent in nature, often are related to family violence, and are driven by interpersonal conflicts, which is not a case for majority of heroin addicts. Furthermore, while motive of heroine addicts is mostly to reduce abstinence crisis, we have found that in alcoholics it mostly deals with reckless behavior and acting - out behavior in state of intoxication.
P03-257 - Psychotic Symptoms In Cocaine Injecting Drug Users, Report Of Healthcare Professionals Working In A Medically Supervised Injection Clinic (Msics)
Authors: Roncero C. , Martínez-Luna N. , Gonzalvo B. , Daigre C. , Comin M. , Ballabriga T. , Serra A. , Gómez-Baeza S. , Navarro E. , Sentis V. , Casas M.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

Describe the prevalence and characteristics of psychotic symptoms in the context of cocaine injection use in a harm reduction program.

To find associations between intravenous cocaine use and other drug use in cocaine dependent patients suffering from cocaine induced psychosis (CIP). Cannabis was found to be a risk factor for developing CIP in non-intravenous cocaine dependence.

Methods

During a period of 6 months professionals from our Outpatient Drug Clinic completed a confidential questionnaire to describe the adverse clinical effects following cocaine injection. It included age, gender, ethnic group, daily consumption rate and other drugs used in the last 30 days.

Results

Survey was achieved with a sample of 75 Caucasians patients, 69 men and 6 women with an average age of 32 years old. Seventeen percent (13/75) had psychotic symptoms, of which 84% (11/13) had hallucinations (visuals 4/11, auditive 7/11 and kinaesthetic 2/11), 15% (2/13) illusions.

Eighteen percent (14/75) had stereotypy movements and 3% (2/75) had aggressive behaviour. Drugs used by CIP patients, the previous 30 days were: 61% (8/13) cannabis, 31% (4/13) opiates and 15% (2/13) alcohol.

Conclusions

Intravenous cocaine use produced acute psychotic symptoms in 17% of our patients, of which 61% used cannabis. Despite the ethical and practical implications of this type of study, it is necessary to do more observational studies with bigger surveys to conclude these results with statistically significance.
P03-259 - Psychopathological Aspects Of Opioid Addiction
Authors: Sivolap Y.
Published: June 2010

Objective

Investigation of mental disorders in 377 patients who met ICD-10 criteria for opioid dependence.

Methods

Clinical observation and psychological examination.

Results

It was shown that mental disorders of opioid addicts consist of three types of psychopathological categories: pro-addictive phenomena (personality features and co-morbid disorders predisposing to drug abuse), meta-addictive disorders (psychopathological states gained due to drug abuse) and addictive disorders proper (craving and drug-seeking behavior). Anxiety and other neurotic symptoms are predominant types of mental disorders in opioid addicts. The core disorder of neurosis spectrum disturbances is fear of abstinence or withdrawal phobia. Withdrawal phobia determines largely negative reinforcement of drug. This phenomenon results in anticipating intake of drug and augmentation of daily drug dose. Opioid abuse leads to addictive personality deformation which including such features as constant and hypertrophied demand for positive emotional states, intolerance to frustration and other discomfort, low threshold of stress susceptibility and increased stress vulnerability, permanent urge to modulate the psychic and physical condition by dint of drug use, marked egocentricity and motivational collapse. Distorted motivational hierarchy can be illustrated by phenomenon of attractive taxis: opioid addicts show preference for the activities which lead to afford pleasure only. “Illegal exploitation” of reward system by means of drug abuse results in crucial extinction of non-rewarding routine activities (such as work or studies).

Conclusion

It appears that a stability of neurotic spectrum disorders and addictive personality deformation is the principal reason of low efficiency of opioid dependence treatment.
P03-262 - A Survay On Relationship Between Emotional Intelligence And Personality Traits In Addicted People
Authors: Talebzadeh Sani H. , Homayouni A.
Published: June 2010

Objective

Emotional intelligence (EI) can play crucial role in improving individuals’ performance in many aspects such as career prospects in organizations, employees, consulting centers and psychological health centers across the world. So for better and more understanding of emotional intelligence, this study investigated Emotional intelligence and personality traits in addicted people.

Method

Participants were 42 addicted people that randomly selected and Mc Care & Costa's NEO PI-R inventory and Shutte's self report emotional intelligence test (SSREIT) were administered on them. The data were analyzed with Spearman correlation Coefficient formula.

Results

Results showed that high emotional intelligence was related positive and significant with Extroversion, Openness to experience and Conscientiousness.

Conclusion

It is recommended to set the programs for enhancing the emotional intelligence to increase mental health, life satisfaction and social skills in order to have personality and psychological health and prevent tendency to abnormal behaviour specially tendency to addiction.
P03-263 - A Study Of ‘Over The Counter’ Opiate Abuse Treatment
Authors: Thekiso T. , Ahern S. , Farren C.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

Over The Counter (OTC) medication abuse is an increasing yet under-researched public health concern, particularly in the UK and Ireland. Our study provides a descriptive analysis of the clinical profiles; treatment and prevalence of patients admitted with OTC opiate abuse.

Method

Using a specially designed demographic form, the records of patients admitted to St. Patrick's Hospital, a 280 bed inpatient mental health and addiction treatment facility in Dublin, Ireland with a diagnosis of harmful OTC opiate abuse or opiate dependency as defined in ICD-10 were reviewed retrospectively. All patients diagnosed with OTC opiate abuse (ICD F11.1) or dependency (ICD F11.2) on admission to our centre were included in the study. Patients with a diagnosis of primary illicit opiate misuse were excluded. Diagnoses were established by a consultant psychiatrist.

Results

Approximately 1% (n=20) of inpatients admitted in a year were diagnosed with OTC opiate abuse. The average daily codeine intake was 261.10 mg per person. Seventy five percent (n=15) of the inpatients experienced OTC opiate withdrawal and were treated with protocol driven withdrawal regimes for an average of 16.10 days. The female: male ratio was nearly 2:1 with an average age of 49.2 years. Patients tended to have comorbid psychiatric (n=19, 95%), physical (n=17, 85%) and polysubstance (n=13, 65%) illness. The relapse rate of re-admissions within six months of discharge was 35%.

Conclusions

OTC opiate abuse is a covert illness since abusers often have significant comorbid psychiatric, medical and polysubstance illness making its assessment, diagnosis and subsequent treatment challenging.
P03-264 - Stopping The Prescription Of Disulfiram On An Evidence Based Medicine Decision: The Perception Of Geneva'S Addictology Caregivers
Authors: Thorens G. , Khan R. , Khazaal Y. , Zullino D.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

The only randomized trial comparing the efficacy of disulfiram against placebo showed no differences in recovery time of alcohol consumption or total abstinence. Moreover, even if the potentially dangerous side effects are rare, their risks overcome the hypothetical benefits. Therefore, in December 2007 the division of addictology, department of psychiatry, decided to stop Disulfiram prescription. The healthcare team's perception of this decision was monitored.

Methods

An auto questionnaire (31 questions) was administered to the healthcare team in June 2009 for a 3 month period evaluating their perception of the utility of Disulfiram and of the pertinence of the decision.

Results

Demographics: 55 participants (response rate 61.1%), 54.1% women, age (M = 43.7).

Professions: 54.8% nurses, 30.6% MD, 9.7% social workers, 4.8% psychologists.

78.7% participants already worked in the team in December 2007.

54.6% didn’t agree to stop Disulfiram prescription. While 72.2% think that the decision is based on evidence based medicine, 69.1% think that Disulfiram works because of the context of administration and 69.1% think it works because of the fear generated by its effects, 75.5% still believe that Disulfiram is useful for some patients (76.8% at the time of the decision).

Conclusions

Despite the fact that aversive treatments in addictology have failed to demonstrate an efficacy through EBM, the perception of its utility is still strong in caregivers. While most of them admit that it works mainly trough psychological constraints, they don’t support the fact that EBM could generate a practice change such as stopping Disulfiram prescription.
P03-268 - Permitted Quantity Of Alcohol Use - The Concept Of Relatively Safe Per Session And Monthly Doses Of Alcoholic Beverages
Authors: Welcome Osain M. , Pereverzev Alekseevic V.
Published: June 2010

To date, a safe dose of alcohol still remains a matter of discussion in the scientific community. Although 1-2 standard drinks per day (with 1-2 free alcohol days) have been recommended (especially for adults as a prophylactic measure for ischemic heart diseases), there is a dearth of data concerning the dose time-response effect of alcohol on psycho-physiological functions. The early effects of alcohol use are usually exerted on the nervous system. The IRISA syndrome of alcohol is one of the early effects of alcohol use caused by dysfunctions of the nervous system. Considering the benefits of alcohol use to the heart and circulatory system, and since, in most cases, the effects of alcohol use are rather than harmful, there is necessity to determining a safe dose of alcoholic beverages. On the basis of latest epidemiological data for the last decades, there is necessity of normalizing, not only the daily intake of alcoholic beverages, but also the monthly total dose. We therefore, formulate the concept of relatively safe per session and monthly dose of alcoholic beverages (especially for young adults), which must not exceed 27ml and 40 ml for males respectively and not more than 24 ml and 31 ml respectively for females (all doses are in values of pure ethanol). This recommendation was based on recent epidemiological data on the psycho-physiological functions of undergraduates over a three year period of study.
P03-271 - Alcohol: Use And Related Problems - Gender Analysis
Authors: Welcome Osain M. , Pereverzev Alekseevic V.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

A variety of inconsistencies in the pattern of alcohol use exists between male and female genders.

Aim

To examine the differences in the rate alcohol use and related problems in the general students’ population in Minsk, Belarus.

Materials and methods

A total of 465 males (mean age of 21yrs) and 1030 females (mean age of 20.5yrs) were administered standardized anonymous AUDIT questionnaire. The cut-off point on the AUDIT was set at 8. Statistical analysis: All data analyses were performed using SPSS 16.0 version for Windows; the Pearson criteria and t-test. The probability value for significance was set at p< 0.05. All volumes of alcohol are in values of pure ethanol.

Results

All in all, 85.7% males and 88.5% females were alcohol users. On the average, the total monthly quantities of alcohol use by the males and females were 131.3ml and 100.9ml respectively. Problem drinkers were 33.7% males and 10.1% females.

Discussion and conclusion

Even though the rate of alcohol use for the males and females was approximately the same, the percentage of related problems was significantly higher among the male population. Also, the quantity of alcohol use was higher among the males. The present study confirms that alcohol related problems are higher among males, compared to females.
P03-279 - Psychiatricc Morbidity And Suicidal Behavior In Epilepsy: A Community-Based Case-Control Study
Authors: Stefanello S. , Marin-Leon L. , Fernandes P.T. , Li L.M. , Botega N.J.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

To provide information about psychiatric comorbidity and suicidal behavior in people with epilepsy compared to those without epilepsy from a community sample in Brazil.

Methods

An attempt was made to evaluate all 174 subjects with epilepsy (cases) identified in a previous community survey. For every case identified, an individual without epilepsy (control) and matched by sex and age was selected in the same neighborhood. A structured interview with validated psychiatric scales was performed. 153 cases and 154 controls were enrolled in the study.

Results

People with epilepsy had more frequently anxiety (39.4% versus 23.8%, OR 2.1 [95% CI 1.2 - 3.5]; p=0.006), depression (24.4% versus 14.7%, OR 1.9 [95% CI 1.01 - 3.5]; p=0.04) and anger (55.6% versus 39.7%, OR 1.9 [95% CI 1.2 - 3.1]; p=0.008). They also reported more suicidal thoughts (36.7% versus 23.8%, OR 1.8 [95% CI 1.1 - 3.1]; p=0.02), plans (18.2% versus 3.3%, OR 2.0 [95% CI 1.0 - 4.0]; p=0.04) and attempts (12.1% versus 5.3%, OR 2.4 [95% CI 1.1 - 3.2], p=0.04) during life than controls.

Conclusions

These findings call attention for psychiatric comorbidity and suicidal behavior associated with epilepsy. Suicide risk assessment, mental evaluation and treatment may improve quality of life in epilepsy and ultimately prevent suicide.
P03-283 - Psychosocial Factors Related To Suicidal Attempts In Adults In Portugal: Mediation And Modulation Effects
Authors: Carvalho M. , Estevens D. , Guete-Tur O.
Published: June 2010

We will present the results of an on-going research, carried out in the South of Portugal, with the main purpose of investigate and analyse the mediators and modulators effects of some psychosocial factors and variables theoretically and empirically related to suicidal behaviour in adult attempters.

Sample: 60 adults, males and females, recurring to the emergency room of a general hospital as a consequence of a recent suicidal attempt.

A multimodal assessment matrix is being used to evaluate depression, suicidal ideation and intention, and individual, social, and environmental factors commonly related to the onset of major depression, namely hopelessness and pessimism, cognitive processing, interpersonal relations, and life events.

We expect to find a mediator effect, of cognitive and interpersonal processes, on the relationship between hopelessness and pessimism with depression and suicidal intentions.
P03-285 - Increased Risk Of Suicide In Patients With Agitated Depression
Authors: Chkonia E. , Kenchadze V. , Sikharulidze G.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

Due to the inresed rate of depression and suicide the problem of correlation between suicidal behavior and symptoms of agitated depression became extremly important. In outpatient settings health professionals tend to underestimate clinical features indicated the increased suicide risk in patients with agitated depression. Inaccurate diagnosis and treatment plan frequently are suggested. Furthermore, agitated depression may occur in healthy person without previous psychiatric history, who has never applied to psychiatrist.In our study we aimed to verify the clinical features of agitated depression, which intensify suicidal trends leading to completed suicide.

Methods

From 477 patients with agitated depression we selected 126, who presented high risk of suicide and studded them by using Mood Anxiety Inventory (Greenberger D, Padesky CA (1995). Mind Over Mood. New York: Guildford Press).

Results

On the bases of the structural-dynamic analyses we determine seven clinical variations of agitated-depression with prominent affective, cognitive, psychomotor, somato-algetic and behavioral symptoms.

Conclusion

The most dangerous types with regards of suicidal behavior appeared to be senesthopathic and algetic types and agitated depression with depersonalization and derealization.
P03-288 - Thyroid Axis Activity And Suicidal Behavior In Depressed Patients
Authors: Duval F. , Mokrani M.-C. , Weiss T. , Rabia H. , Gonzalez F.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between suicidal behavior and hypothalamic-pituitary thyroid (HPT) axis activity in depressed patients.

Methods

The serum levels of thyrotropin (TSH), free thyroxine (FT4), and free triiodothyronine (FT3) were evaluated before and after 8 AM and 11 PM TRH challenges, on the same day, in 95 medicationfree DSM-IV euthyroid major depressed inpatients and 44 healthy hospitalized controls

Results

Compared to controls:

1)

patients with a positive suicide history (PSH; n=53) showed lower basal FT4 (at 8AM: p< 0.005; at 11PM: p< 0.03), but normal FT3 levels, while patients with a negative suicide history (NSH; n=42) showed normal FT4 and FT3 levels;

2)

TSH responses to TRH (delta TSH) were blunted in NSHs (at 8 AM: p< 0.03; at 11PM: p< 0.00001), but not in PSHs.

Compared to NSHs, basal FT4 levels were reduced in PSHs (at 8AM: p< 0.002; at 11PM: p< 0.006). HPT parameters were not significantly different between recent suicide attempters (RSA; n=32) and past suicide attempters (PSA; n=21). However, compared to controls, RSAs showed lower 11PM-deltaTSH (p< 0.04) and lower basal FT4 values (at 8AM: p< 0.002; at 11PM: p< 0.008).

Conclusions

Our results indicate that various degrees of HPT axis dysregulation are associated with the history of suicide. In NSHs, one may hypothesize that hypersecretion of hypothalamic TRH (as reflected by decreased TRH receptor responsiveness) represents a compensatory mechanism to maintain normal thyroid hormone secretion. In PSHs this mechanism is ineffective.
P03-291 - Depression, Hopelessness, Pessimism, And Suicidal Behaviours In Adults In The South Of Portugal
Authors: Estevens D. , Carvalho M. , Guete-Tur O.
Published: June 2010

The rates of suicide in the South of Portugal - Algarve - in some years double the country rates.

We will present the results of an on-going research, being carried out with the main purpose of analysing the associations between different risk factors such as depression, hopelessness, pessimism, suicidal ideation, suicidal intentionality and suicidal attempts.

We will study a sample of 60 adults, both males and females, evaluated at the Psychiatric Department of a General Hospital.

We are using a multimodal assessment matrix to evaluate depression, suicidal ideation and intention, and individual, social, and environmental factors commonly related to the onset of major depression, namely hopelessness and pessimism, cognitive processing, interpersonal relations, and life events.

We expect to find a positive correlation between hopelessness and the other studied indicators of suicidal attempts with a different pattern according to gender.
P03-293 - Alcohol And Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Polymorphisms And Risk For Suicide
Authors: Hishimoto A. , Mouri K. , Fukutake M. , Shiroiwa K.
Published: June 2010

Excessive alcohol consumption plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of suicide. Because certain functional alleles of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH1B) and mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) genes affect alcohol consumption, we explored associations of the ADH1B and ALDH2 genetic variants with suicide in 317 Japanese males. We found the active ALDH2 allele was significantly more frequent in the completed suicides. Individuals bearing alcoholism-susceptible homozygotes at both loci have 6 times greater risk for suicide. Our data show the genetic impact of the two polymorphisms on suicidal behaviour and presence of the active ALDH2 allele may increase the risk for suicide.
P03-294 - Cholesterol And Csf 5-Hiaa In Attempted Suicide
Authors: Asellus P. , Nordström P. , Jokinen J.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

Low serum cholesterol has been linked to suicide and violent behaviour. The same kind of associations has been reported regarding low levels of 5-hydroxyindolacetic acid (5-HIAA) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and suicidal behaviour. The hypothesis of the link between serum cholesterol and suicide incorporate serotonin. It proposes that low cholesterol is related to reduced serotonergic neurotransmission, which in turn, is linked to violent and suicidal behaviour. A correlation between CSF 5-HIAA and serum cholesterol has been shown in animal-studies, but has not been found in humans.

Aims

To study the interrelationship between serum cholesterol and CSF 5-HIAA in suicide attempters. Since both cholesterol and CSF 5-HIAA are associated with suicide and violent suicide-attempts, we also investigated the correlation with suicide, violent suicide attempt method, suicide intent, hopelessness and depression severity.

Methods

Serum total cholesterol and CSF 5-HIAA was measured in 42 medication free suicide attempters. Patients were assessed with Becks‘s Hopelessness scale (BHS), Suicide Intent Scale (SIS) and Montgomery-Åsberg depression rating scale (MADRS) and followed-up for causes of death.

Results

Serum total cholesterol and CSF 5-HIAA showed a significant positive correlation adjusted for age, body mass index and substance abuse diagnosis. Cholesterol and CSF 5-HIAA levels did not differ between violent and non-violent suicide attempters or between suicide completers and survivors.

Conclusions

These findings indicate that the serotonergic system may be connected to serum cholesterol in patients with a recent suicide attempt.
P03-310 - Imitation Suicide: The Werther Effect
Authors: Santos M. , Gago E.
Published: June 2010

Suicide is the primary emergency for the mental health professional and it is also a major public health problem. Altough it is impossible to predict, there are numerous clues that can help to reduce the risk of suicide. Goethes's novel Die Lieden des Jungen Werther, first published in 1774, in which the protagonist of the story decides to commit suicide by shooting himself, was followed by a wave of imitation suicides across Europe. Later, in 1974, Phillips coined the term “Werther Effect” to describe a situation where the observer copies the suicidal behaviour he has seen modelled in the media. However this was not the first demonstration of the contagious effect of suicide. There are descriptions of several similar suicides among young men in ancient Greece, and it is said that Shakespeare's novel, Romeo and Juliet, inspired a countless number of young couples to commit suicide. It is known that reading about, seeing or hearing about suicidal behaviours seems to induce imitative behaviour, and this is more notorious among adolescents. There are several reports of increased suicidal behaviour after exposure to suicide-related material on the media. The individual characteristics of adolescents who are susceptible to imitation are currently unknown, but it is accepted that the amount and duration of exposure to the information are important factors in the imitative learning. The authors intend to do a psychopathological and sociological approach to the theme.
P03-312 - Risk Factors For Suicides In Montenegro During 2005-2008 Period
Authors: Stevovic L. , Raznatovic A. , Perunovic Jovanovic T. , Tadic N. , Vukovic O.
Published: June 2010

This paper analyzes suicides committed in Montenegro during the 2005-2008 period divided according to gender, age and the way these have been performed.In 2005 we have 25,02 suicides on 100000 habitans, and in next two years there is a growth in trend, thus in 1995, there are 16,3 suicides on 100000. Comparing to 1985 when suicide rate was 13,2/100000, and 2006 rate which was 31,87/100000, we can notice that period of social transition and big stress, lead to a rise in rate of suicides so average rate for period of 2005-2008 is 26,87/100000 which puts Montenegro into country with high suicide rate.The ratio of men and women who committed suicide is 1,7:1. The largest number of people who killed themselves are between 45 and 54 years old. The way that people use to perform suicide is mostly by hunging themselves 40% and firearm 31% which is near to average numbers in the world. This research shows that there is significant rise in suicide rate. As a conclusion, on the basis of cited literature, the authors lined up all risk factors which can explain significance rise in suicide rate.
P02-368 - Symptom Presentation In Women In Depressive Disorders In A Rural Clinic In An Indian District
Authors: Acharya A.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

women depressive patients constitutes a siezable no. in a rural psyciatry clinic in a Disrtrict HQTRs towen of Midnapore 126 k.m away from the state capital of Kolkata.

Among 156 depressed patients inthe age group of 21-55 with a median age of 33 years only a few seldom speaks of low spirit or lack of pleasure.Different somatic pains & other somatic complaints remain their principal presenting symptoms.

Objectives

Here is an enlisting of such varried somatic complaints in depressed women.

Aims

Awareness of such chronic bodily complaint as the presenting feature will remind us of depression in women.

Methods

156 women in the said 21-55 years age group those were diagonosed as MDD or depressive disorder as per DSM-4 criteria were taken for their symptoms analysis.There were 118 married, 18 unmarried &12 widows &8 separated or divorcedwomen. They were illetarate 23,junior scool 98,Higschool 14,graduate 22,posgraduate &above7.Married women mostly have children ranging from 1-6 except 3infertile women & one issue mother was abundant(>25%).

Results

Theiremost common chief presenting complaint were headpain, head discomfort &burning(>80%), neckpain, pain in lower extremeties(30%), in joints,in genital areas, rectal pain,hyperacidity, dyspepsia, hearburn,chestpain & discomfort,throat trouble,buning pain over the skin,with biological symptoms like sleep disturbance,lossof appetite, diminished libido,loss of interest to all activities, not feeling well at arousal to sadness to crying to suicidal ideas(10%),& attempt in 3 cases.

Conclusions

Somatic pain & other muliple aches & pains are one of the most commonest feature to complain about in women masking the depressive illnes in the underneath.
P02-369 - Patterns Of Mental Disorders In Women In A Rural Community, In An Indian Rural Clinic
Authors: Acharya A.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

Women's mental health in a devoloping & poor economicaly rescourced country like India is often neglected, lately diagonosed & treated,but are numerous & of various kind.

In the week ending 14th June 2009, 100 women's those were treated in a rural clinic, 75 k.m off from the city of Kolkata were analysed here to get a current trends of patterns of disorders those are prevalant in women in 2009.

Objectives

To feel the status of women's mental health in the community and to formulate necessary recommendations.

Methods

Total no. of women cases attended in a busy Clinic in Tamluk, near calcutta were taken.

100 women cases age ranging from 9-79 were analysed here as to their diagnostic formulation as per WHO, ICD-10 criteria.

Mean age of the patient attended was44 and mode was 35yrs.

In the younger age group 9-17 years group there were 15 cases mostly Mental retardation with behavior disorders & examination & study related Anxiety disorders with head pain &diff pain symptoms.Mental retardation are mild in nature & caused by Home delivery &prolonged delivery in all the cases, except one who was put on I.V Synthocinonin drip for long time instead of a c.s section in time.

Inthe middle group 18-45 years,Depressive Disorders, Bipolar disorders, Hysteria, Anxiety disorders, Schizophrenia &OCD are main entities.

Inthe late age group MDD, Senile dementia with & Delutional disorders are common.

Results

In a clinic based study womenn's mental disorders are plenty.

Conclusion

This is an important arena of early intervention.
P02-370 - Psychosocial Determinants And Marital Context Of Psychological Well-Being Of Portuguese Women With Breast Cancer
Authors: Albuquerque C. , Gomes V. , Monteiro R. , Martins R. , Albuquerque C.P.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

The study that is presented in this article has as its main objectives the analysis of the way some psychological and social (psycho-social) variables and in conjugal context fore see the psychological well-being of the women with breast cancer; and to know the differences between the groups which are susceptible of being formed with the study population.

Methods

This transversal study, of quantitative nature, was applied to a sample of 229 women, associated to the São Teotónio Hospital in Viseu and to the “Movimento Vencer e Viver” (Winning and Living Movement) of the Portuguese League against Cancer.

Results

The results show that the psycho-social variables predict significantly and additionally, the psychological well-being of the women with breast cancer.The psycho-social variable that shows potential in the psychological well-being is the corporal image and the variable in the conjugal context that shows potential in the psychological well-being is the satisfaction with the conjugal relationship.

Conclusions

We are aware that scientific research in psycho-oncology almost never reflect a definitive answer to the problems, however, and it gives them an incentive to continue to study the questions. The realization of this study led to a recognition of the psychological well-being as a fundamental dimension of the experience of women with breast cancer, suggesting the urgent need to implement an integrated and multidisciplinary, suitable for the promotion of that well-being.
P02-373 - Prevalence, Incidence, Recurrence and New Onset of Depression Durin Pregnancy. Results from the Perinatal Depression-research & S unit (pnd-rescu) Study
Authors: Banti S. , Mauri M. , Borri C. , Rambelli C. , Ramacciotti D. , Oppo A. , Montagnani M.S. , Camilleri V. , Cortopassi S. , Cianelli E. , Ciberti A. , Giorgi Mariani M. , Cassano G.B.
Published: June 2010

Objectives

Perinatal depression is a particolar challenge to clinicians, and its prevalence estimates are difficult to compare across studies. Furthermore,there are no studies that systematically assessed the incidence of perinatal depression. The aim of this study is to estimate prevalence, incidence, recurrence and new onset of DSM IV minor and major depression (mMD) in an unselected population of pregnant women.

Method

1066 pregnant women were recruited at third month of pregnancy (T0), and minor/major depression (mMD) was assessed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV disorders (SCID I). The SCID I was administered at baseline evaluation (T0), the Edimburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was administered at third, 6th (T1), 8th (T2) month of pregnancy, and the SCID I Mood module was administered to confirme an eventual DSM-IV minor or major depression diagnosis when the EPDS score was≥13.

Results

The pregnancy period prevalence of mMD was 12,4%.The point prevalence of mMD decreased from 8,6% at the 3rd month of pregnancy to 1,7% at the 8th month of pregnancy.The cumulative incidence of mMD was 2,2%. The weighted incidence of new onsets during pregnancy was 1,6%. The weighted percentage of recurrences during pregnancy was 3,7%.

Conclusion

The decline in the point prevalence during the second and third trimester of pregnancy found in our study may be attributed to psychological counselling and/or pharmacological treatment.Further studies about new onsets of depression during pregnancy are highly important in order to improve clinical prediction of risk in any individual woman.
P02-375 - Dissociative Fugue - Demonstration Of A Case
Authors: Marijanac B. , Dujic-Popovic V. , Simic J.
Published: June 2010

Introduction

Dissociative fugue is one or more episodes of amnesia. It is a rare condition in which a person suddenly, without planning or warning, travels from home or work and leave behind past life and identity.The aim is to present a patient with such disorder.

Methodology

In this paper is present the case of Joka K, from M.Grad. She is married, mother of two child. She lives in joint household with a father in law who is authoritative person. Her brother-in-law lives in the ground floor. Her housband, is the youngest of eight children. Systemic family therapy was aplied and the plan of work was produced- 1. Moral and ethical norms in family 2.Loyalitiy to the family of origin 3.Incomplete grieving time following the death of mother and mother-in-law. 4.Expectations in terms of marriage 5.Different cultural views, traditions and family miths.6. Historicaly stipulated second line changes occuring one after another, with the absence of plato period.

Results

The first sessions were attended by J., S. and J.s father, where the point of work was loss and loyality to the family origin. Differencies in cultural views between the families of origin examined in genogram session. Next sessions constitute an expansion of the genogramic session where the accent was placed on the family life cycle and historical sequence of second-line changes.

Conclusions

Implementation of the systemic family therapy, improved communication, established dialogs without breaking up the relation with the family of origin.