bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN, KOMPETENSI DOSEN, PERILAKU BELAJAR, MOTIVASI BELAJAR TERHADAP KUALITAS SOFT SKILL MAHASISWA STIPAS KEUSKUPANG AGUNG KUPANG
Authors: Dau Yoseph Lodowik Deki
Published: October 2023

The focus of this research is to discover whether leadership, lecturer’competence, learning behavior dan learning  motivation influence students’ soft skill quality at the Pastoral Institution of Higher Learning of Kupang Archdiocese. This research is also designed for analyzing which of those four variables that becomes the most dominant factor on student’soft skill quality. Research’s population refers to the student at Pastoral Institution of Higher Learning, Kupang Archdiocese, with total of 136 students. Using simple random sampling as the method, this research focuses on 103 respondents. The results of the descriptive statistics analysis showed that the leadership was catagorized as good (72,74 %), lecturers’ competence as good (67,45 %), learning behavior as good (72,37 %), learning motivation was good (73,31 %), and students’ soft skill quality was also catagorized as good (73,50 %).  The results of t-test showed that partially leadership (3.307, sig. 0.001 < 0,05), lecturers’ competence (3.395, sig. 0.001 < 0,05), learning behavior (3.255, sig. 0.002 < 0,05), and learning motivation (2.380, sig. 0.006 < 0,05) had a positive and significant effect on the student’ soft skill quality of Pastoral Institution of Higher Learning, Kupang Archdiocese. The results of F-test indicated that simultaneously the four independent variables: leadership, lecturers’ competence, learning behavior and learning motivation (16,778, sig. 0,000 < 0,05) had a positive and significant effect on the student’ soft skill. It is suggested to the management of Pastoral Institution of Higher Learning, Kupang Archdiocese has to make a evaluation on the leadership and lecturer performance, evaluation on the learning behavior, learning motivation and students’ soft skill quality, to make a research of the others factor that influence on students’ soft skill quality, and human resource development. The management of Pastoral Institution of Higher Learning, Kupang Archdiocese and Swasti Sari Institution can do their job and responsibility to improve the leadership quality, lectrurer’ competence, learning behavior, learning motivation and students’ soft skill quality.
EVALUASI SUPERVISI PENGAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KATOLIK (Studi Multi Kasus di SMP Katolik dan SMP Negeri Se-Kecamatan Kota Kefamenanu, Kabupaten TTU, Provinsi NTT)
Authors: Usboko Wilibrodus Cornelis
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine the understanding of the meaning of the evaluation of teaching supervision of Catholic religious education, the objectives and principles of evaluating the supervision of Catholic religious education teaching, the evaluation methods of teaching supervision of Catholic religious education, the aspects evaluated in the supervision of Catholic religious education teaching, and the results obtained from the evaluation of teaching supervision activities for Catholic religious education. This study used a qualitative method with a multi-case study type. Data were collected through interviews, observations, documentation studies, and conceptually inductive analysis. The results obtained were the inequality of concepts regarding understanding between one school and another about the meaning, objectives and principles, methods, aspects that were evaluated, and the results obtained from the evaluation of the supervision of Catholic religious education teaching. It was found that there were supervisors who really understood the concept of evaluating teaching supervision correctly, but there were also those who lacked or even misunderstood the concept of evaluation of teaching supervision in question.
MENINGKATKAN KEPERCAYAAN DIRI MAHASISWA DALAM KEMAMPUAN PUBLIC SPEAKING DI SEKOLAH TINGGI PASTORAL KEUSKUPAN AGUNG KUPANG
Authors: Tamelab Petrus , Ngongo Maria Hendritha Lydia , Oetpah Dorince
Published: October 2023

This research aims to examine and analyze in real terms the condition of student confidence in the Pastoral College of the Archdiocese of Kupang towards public speaking skill, inhibiting factor, and effort to increase students' confidence in public speaking skill. This research uses a naturalistic descriptive approach which is a type of qualitative research method. It is called naturalistic because this research was conducted in natural conditions, while descriptive is used to show the level of explanation or process to explain the events or phenomena being studied. The data collection technique used interview question sheets which were supported by observation sheets and documentation studies. While the data analysis technique is done by collecting data, reducing data, presenting data, and making conclusions. The results showed that the students had a good level of self-confidence, and had a fairly good foundation in public speaking skills. The problem is, there is often a loss of self-confidence that hinders the ability to speak in public. This is due to lack of preparation, lack of literature references, lack of studying environmental situations, including socializing. Efforts that need to be made are learning public speaking courses not only emphasizing theory but practice or practice, it is necessary to have an open space so that students are actively involved in various activities on and off-campus in order to increase confidence in their public speaking abilities.
PENGARUH PENDIDIKAN KATOLIK TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN KARAKTER SISWA-SISWI NON-KATOLIK DI SDK ST. YOSEPH 3 NAIKOTEN II KUPANG
Authors: Keraf Oswaldus Agustinus Kerobi , Dau Yoseph Lodowik Deki
Published: October 2023

The purpose of the study was: (1) to find out how the situation of Catholic Education and the Character of Non-Catholic Students in SDK St. Joseph 3 Naikoten II Kupang and (2) to find out whether Catholic Education has a positive and significant effect on the character of Non-Catholic Students in the SDK St. Joseph 3 Naikoten II Kupang. The research method used is quantitatively deductive. The study population was non-Catholic students of class IV-VI SDK which amounted to 41 people. Using saturated sampling techniques, researchers focused on 41 respondents. The results of descriptive statistical analysis showed that the Catholic Education variable with 18 statement items obtained a total answer value of respondents to Non-Catholic students in grade IV-VI, which was 83% in the good category and the Character variable of Non-Catholic Students with 22 items of total statement of respondent's answer value of 84% was in a good category. A simple linear regression test obtained the variable coefficient value of Catholic Education (X) of 1,162 and the value (Sig) of The Catholic Education Variable of 0.000 so that it was concluded that Catholic Education has a positive and significant influence on the character of Non-Catholic students.
PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER PESERTA DIDIK MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KATOLIK MENGGUNAKAN ZOOM MEETING DI ERA PANDEMI COVID 19
Authors: Simbolon Erikson , Alloysia Mahavira Ega , Fajariyanto Tri Chandra
Published: October 2023

The study was conducted to analyze how the shaping of honest character and the responsibility of learners in the process of Catholic High School Deli Murni, Medan. This study demonstrates that 1) learners can learn and work on tasks independently through learning videos and power points given by teachers and honest learners can be seen when they are active in the proven learning by asking, the teacher must respond in teaching, having teachers repeat the given material, 2) the responsibility of learners in learning seen through the zoom application meeting is seen as learners come into zoom meetings without being late, giving assignments on time, using modest clothing during the study and carrying out prayer switch schedules both before and after class. Implementation of the Catholic learning process in zoom meetings is seen when 3) teachers begin learning with a conception activity of opening prayer, greeting learners and missionaries to see readiness for lessons. 4) the teacher's core activity shares the material screen with learners and allows learners to ask about given material. 5) the end of the teacher's learning gives conclusions and duties to learners as reflections during the learning process.
PENGARUH SISTEM PEMBELAJARAN SHIFT TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KATOLIK DI SEKOLAH DASAR NEGERI AMOL
Authors: Mones Anselmus Yata , Kolo Fransiskus Silamus
Published: October 2023

The problem in this study is the spread of the Covid-19 Pandemic that occurred in various regions in East Nusa Tenggara Province. This has an impact on education, especially in the learning process that changes from face-to-face learning to a shift learning system. The problem examined in this study is whether there is an effect of the shift learning system on the learning motivation of students in Class V and VI of Amol State Elementary School. The purpose of this study was to describe the effect of the shift learning system on students' learning motivation in the subjects of Catholic Religious Education Class V and VI at SD Negeri Amol. The type of method used in this research is quantitative research with a correlation approach. The research location is in SD Negeri Amol. Informants in this study were students of Class V and VI. Data collection techniques used are observation and questionnaires. While the data analysis techniques include correlation analysis techniques and simple regression techniques. Based on calculations using the correlation formula, it was found that the correlation between the shift learning system and the learning motivation of students was 0.1283%, which was relatively low. Meanwhile, using a simple regression formula of 0.081 (low). The results showed that there was an effect of shift learning on the learning motivation of Class V and VI students, meaning that the lower or less the value of shift learning, the lower the level of learning motivation of students, and vice versa if the higher the value of shift learning, the higher the level of learning motivation of students.
DAMPAK PENERAPAN METODE MENGAJAR GURU AGAMA KATOLIK DALAM MENINGKATKAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK KELAS VIII A DI SMP NEGERI OELNEKE KECAMATAN MUSI, KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH UTARA
Authors: Naif Falentinus , Kase Emanuel Bai Samuel , Dau Yoseph Lodowik Deki , Siono Yeremias
Published: October 2023

This research was conducted to find out how the learning methods applied by Catholic religion teachers in class VIII A of SMP Negeri Oelneke and how the learning motivation of students was when faced with the application of these teaching methods. The research method used in this study is a qualitative method. Data collection techniques were carried out using observation and interviews. Data analysis techniques are carried out through data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the teaching methods used by Catholic religion teachers at SMP Negeri Oelneke, especially class VIII A, have so far been less varied, causing students to be less motivated to participate in learning activities. To overcome this problem, Catholic religious teachers are required to apply teaching methods that are more diverse but relevant. This means that there is a choice for teachers to use more than one teaching method as long as it can motivate students to be actively involved in the Catholic religion learning process.
PENERAPAN METODE EKSPERENSIAL BERBASIS PROYEK UNTUK MENINGKATKAN RASA CINTA TANAH AIR PADA PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KATOLIK BAGI SISWA KELAS XII SMK NEGERI PERBATASAN LAMAKNEN SELATAN TAHUN AJARAN 2022/2023
Authors: Suni Maria Imelda , Usboko Wilibrordus Cornelis , Mones Anselmus Yata
Published: October 2023

Love for one's country is one of the main things in forming a citizen's character, namely a sense of belonging, a sense of care, a sense of preserving and a sense of wanting to advance the unity of the nation and state. With this attitude of love, the state of the country will be better. The research objectives are 1) to determine the quality of Catholic Religious Education learning outcomes by applying project-based experiential methods to increase the feeling of love for the country for class 2) to determine the quality of the Catholic Religious Education learning process by applying project-based experiential methods to increase the feeling of love for the country for class This research uses Classroom Action Research (PTK) which consists of Cycle I and Cycle II which has four stages, namely planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The results of the research show that through the application of project-based experiential methods the feeling of patriotism in Catholic Religious Education subjects can increase as follows. The data results for Cycle I were 2.59% and Cycle II were 3.97%. From these data it is concluded that the application of project-based experiential methods can increase the feeling of love for the country in Catholic Religious Education Learning for class.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN METODE CERAMAH TERHADAP TINGKAT PEMAHAMAN PESERTA DIDIK DALAM PELAJARAN AGAMA KATOLIK DI KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 2 KUPANG
Authors: Huler Andreas Martinus , Dau Yoseph Lodowik Deki , Oetpah Dorince
Published: October 2023

The purposes of this research are: 1) to find out how the description of the use of the lecture method in Catholic religion lessons and how the level of understanding of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 2 Kupang; 2) to find out whether there is an effect of using the lecture method on the level of understanding of class VIII students at SMP Negeri 2 Kupang. Data collection techniques in this study used questionnaires (questionnaires) and documentation, while data analysis techniques used descriptive statistical analysis and inferential statistical analysis. The results of this study indicate that the description of the use of the lecture method is in the good category (56.39%), also the level of understanding of students is in the good category (73.37%). In addition, there is an effect of the use of the lecture method in Catholic religion lessons on the level of understanding of students in class VIII SMP Negeri 2 Kupang, where the t value is 4.679, and the sig value is smaller than the alpha value (0.05).
STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN KOMPETENSI GURU DI DAERAH TERTINGGAL
Authors: Reresi Marsianus , Lamatokan Jeisinta
Published: October 2023

This research is a library research which aims to analyze and describe teacher competency development strategies in underdeveloped areas. The research method used is descriptive research. The author uses descriptive research by emphasizing the power of analysis of available sources and data by relying on theories and concepts to be interpreted and described which lead to the focus of the discussion. The results of the study found that the condition of education in disadvantaged areas requires more teachers who have pedagogical competence. Teachers who have pedagogical competence will be able to manage learning well, so that the teaching and learning process can take place effectively and the expected goals can be achieved. Therefore, to develop teacher pedagogic competence, an effective development strategy is needed through collaboration between various interested parties, namely the government, schools, teachers and the local community.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH TERHADAP KINERJA GURU DI SMP NEGERI LOTAS AMANATUN UTARA
Authors: Reto Romana , Dau Yoseph Lodowik Deki , Bria Florens Maxi Un
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study was to find out the description and influence of the principal's leadership style on teacher performance at SMPN Negeri Lotas Amanatun Utara. This research uses quantitative methods. The sample in this study was 25 people consisting of 1 school principal, 22 teachers, and 2 employees. The data collection technique in this study was using a questionnaire, while the data analysis technique used descriptive statistical data analysis and inferential statistical data analysis. The results showed that the variable description of the principal's leadership style and teacher performance at SMP Negeri Lotas Amanatun Utara was in the good category, where the achievement of the variable indicator of the principal's leadership style was 66.4%, and the achievement indicator of the teacher's performance variable was 70.2%. In the influence test, the results obtained explained that there was a positive and significant influence of the principal's leadership style on teacher performance at Lotas Amanatun Utara Public Middle School. This is shown through the results of the inferential test where the principal's leadership style variable has a t value of 3,471. This t value is a significant value because the sig value is 0.002 or less than the specified 0.05 (alpha).
INCREASING THE STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN READING BY USING CONCEPT ORIENTED READING INSTRUCTION
Authors: Daulay Sholihatul Hamidah
Published: October 2023

This study aims to improve students' reading comprehension in narrative texts through the use of concept-oriented reading instruction strategies. The subject of this study was her 8th grade student in his SMA N 1 in 2017. This study of this study was conducted using a classroom behavioral study. The data used in this study is based on pre-test results, interview sheets, and observation sheets to know before and after the test. The study found that the number of students reading narrative texts increased. The pretest average was 39.80. The first cycle average was 87.86, indicating that the first cycle results and averages were superior to the pre-test. The percentage of students who did not score above 75 also increased. Three of her students (11%) passed or scored up to 75 on the pretest. On the Cycle I posttest, 26 of her students (100%) scored 75 or higher, an increase of approximately 89%. In other words, the students' reading comprehension of the narrative texts improved more and more from the first session to the next. The calculated t-test formula was used for hypothesis testing. We found that the observed coefficient t(16.63) > ttable(1.708). Therefore, the alternative hypothesis (Hα) may be accepted. Based on this finding, the alternative hypothesis (Hα) states that the CORI strategy may improve students' reading comprehension of narrative texts.
THE APPLICATION OF SPEED READING TO INCREASE READING COMPREHENSION FOR THE FIRST GRADE STUDENTS OF MAS AL- AMIN NORTH LABUHANBATU
Authors: Syifa Fadhilah
Published: October 2023

This research observed the application of speed reading to increase reading comprehension for the first grade students of SMA Antartika Sidoarjo. This research was undertaken in class X-1 comprising 40 students involving a writer and an observer. The research was conducted through a classroom action research (CAR). The result showed that speed reading technique could be used to increase the students reading skills. The use of speed reading technique could be effective if it was supported by the ability of the teacher on planning learning in the classroom involving activities proportionally in the instructional process. Carrying a classroom climate was conducive by adequating learning facilities and infrastructure. The successful application of speed reading technique could be seen from the presence of students’ positive response and their active participation in each learning activities.
THE EFFECT OF REPORT TEXT TO STUDENT'S WRITING QUALITY BY USING INSTAGRAM POST
Authors: Novita Amelia , Daulay Sholihatul Hamidah , Ramadhan Achmad
Published: October 2023

This study aims to determine students' ability to understand how to write a report text using Instagram posts in eighth-grade students at SMPIT AL-FAKHRI SUNGGAL. This research is an experimental research. This study's population was all class VIII students at SMPIT AL-FAKHRI Sunggal. The sample for this study was taken from 30 students in the experimental group (class VIII-A) and 30 students in the control group (class VIII-B). Data collection instruments are in the form of tests and observations. After analyzing the data, the writer gets the highest average value obtained in the experimental class is 2,247. For the control class, the value in the table is around 1,935, so the value received is higher than the table. This means that there is a significant effect of using Instagram posts to write a report text.
Analysis of Factors that Inhibit Early Reading Learning in Elementary School Students in MIS Al-Afkari Deliserdang
Authors: Junaidi Junaidi , Pasaribu Gumarpi Rahis , Siahaan Annisa Frilisilia
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study was to describe the forms of difficulties faced by Class I students at MIS AL-Afkari Deliserdang that hindered early reading. This research is an observational study. Data collection techniques, using observation, interviews, and documentation. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively after being reduced (data reduction), and tested for validity through a data credibility test. The results showed that the types of difficulties faced by Class I students at MIS AL-Afkari Deliserdang that could potentially hinder learning to read the beginning were as follows: 1) students had difficulty reading the alphabet with proper pronunciation, students had difficulty showing and mentioning vowels, students had difficulty showing and mentioning consonants, students find it difficult to name some combined sounds of vowels and consonants, students find it difficult to spell the syllables that are instructed, 2) the factors that hinder students in Beginning Reading Difficulties in Class I students at MIS AL-Afkari Deliserdang are intellectual factors, factors physiological, environmental factors including parents, and psychological factors. The solution is that parents must really accompany their children when learning and teachers innovate in learning such as using suitable media and methods for learning to read early.
Evaluasi Hasil Inspeksi Alat Pemadam Api Ringan Berdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Tenaga Kerja dan Transmigrasi No. 4 Tahun 1998 di Pabrik Susu
Authors: Moch Luqman Ashari  , Muhammad Daffa Rabbani  , Arya Kusuma Wijaya  , Moch Akbar Ilhami Septiansyah
Published: October 2023

Dairy is an industry in the food manufacturing sector that has priority for development in Indonesia. To maintain its quality, implementing health safety management as a standard operating procedure to create a safe and healthy company work environment. To create a safe and healthy work environment, all areas of the Dairy Company have been equipped with an active factory fire protection system, namely Light Fire Extinguishers (Fire Extinguisher). Even though the potential fire hazard rarely occurs in this company, Fire Extinguisher inspections within this company must still be carried out regularly to minimize the impact of a fire that might occur. The purpose of this study is to identify potential hazards and assess current fire extinguisher inspection procedures using observation methods and secondary data from documents and other archives. The results of this study indicate that the company has implemented safety and health management as evidenced by the company's regular inspections of fire extinguishers. From the results of examining these variables, which are in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Manpower and Transmigration No. 4 of 1998 is the maintenance of Fire Extinguisher which covers the condition of the pressure of the contents of the tube, seals, nozzle nozzle, installation, and condition of the Fire Extinguisher tube. The conclusion from this research is that the Dairy Factory has carried out inspections in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Manpower and Transmigration No. 4 of 1998.
Allvarligt psykiskt störda utan domskäl vid en fällande dom?
Authors: Nordlöf Kerstin
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn a democratic society, it is assumed that the criminal law is applied ultima ratio and that certain requirements regarding legal certainty are met. These include the principle of conformity. This means that only those who had the ability and opportunity to comply with the law may be criminally liable. Consequently, those who are young or suffer from a severe mental disorder at the time of the crime must be free from criminal liability. Yet such persons can be held accountable in Sweden as the Swedish Criminal Code (1962:700) lacks a requirement of accountability. If a defendant at trial still suffers from a severe mental disorder, they will be sentenced to treatment. To achieve the requirements of a fair trial in these cases the court may only, as in other criminal cases, impose criminal liability if it is established beyond reasonable doubt that the act alleged by the prosecutor was committed by the defendant with intent or negligence. This must be evident in the judicial decision even if a simplified form for the judgment is applied. The latter is possible to use when a defendant was suffering from a severe mental disorder when committing the act, has confessed, and has been sentenced to treatment. The purpose of the present work is to investigate in a number of judgments whether and how the court reasons in relation to intent or negligence. Furthermore, it investigates whether a simplified form was used and how it relates to the requirements of a fair trial. The survey shows that in almost half of the judgments the issue of guilt is not mentioned at all. Instead, the emphasis is on the external circumstances and the level of the defendant´s consciousness. The reasons given for the judgment are very brief and often issued in a simplified form. The survey reveals that the evaluation of evidence regarding guilt in these cases is problematic and probably a consequence of theabsence of a requirement of accountability in the Criminal Code. The study concludes that the absence of this accountability requirement results in the exclusion of a very vulnerable group from the principle of conformity. In other words, this group of defendants is deprived of a fair trial regarding the issue of guilt in the event of a conviction. This is a right aimed at maintaining confidence in the judiciary and the criminal justice system.
Genoprettende ret i det danske ungdomskriminalitetsnævn?
Authors: Barnekow Rasmussen Katrine
Published: October 2023

AbstractThe Danish Youth Crime Boards were launched January 1, 2019. They were part of a new legislation to fight and prevent youth offending. The target group consists of offenders aged 10 to 17, of which those 10 to 14 are legally considered below the age of criminal responsibility. In the legislative framework it is recommended that the verdicts of the boards should have a ‘restorative character to the extent possible’. A new category of verdicts – instant reactions – is introduced in this context. It is noted in several places that these verdicts should be in line with the principles of restorative justice.

In the current article, I examine this restorative aspect of the legislative framework of the boards, as well as how it is put into practice by the boards and perceived by board members. Not only does the legislative framework appear unclear on this aspect, it also does not seem to align with recognized international definitions of restorative justice, the principles of which the verdicts of the boards should be in line with.

As of October 31, 2021, instant reactions had only been applied in 1.5% of the cases handled by the boards. A key reason for thisis that the municipal recommendations – on the basis of which the boards issue their verdicts – do not include instant reactions in the vast majority of cases. Furthermore, the author’s survey among board members displays a notable uncertainty regarding appropriate instant reactions as well as rather varied connotations of how restorative character should be understood in this context.

The Danish political level displays dissatisfaction with the limited usage of instant reactions to date. Initiatives are on the way to  address this point, including a catalogue of ideas for possible instant reactions. The author questions whether this approach will actually take the practice of the boards in a more restorative direction. Instead, the author suggests looking towards Norway for inspiration on this matter.
Børns møde med det danske straffesystem
Authors: Jørgensen Kasper , Olesen Annette , Wacher Lenz Lene , Feldtmann Birgit
Published: October 2023

AbstractOne of the shared features of the Nordic countries’ approach towards children in conflict with the law is that there is no distinct criminal justice system for children. Children in conflict with the law are treated within the same system as adults, albeit with specific regulations and sanctions designed specifically for them. The fact that children are handled within the same system as adults raises the question of whether and how the ‘punitive turn, Nordic style’, which, according to criminological scholars, emerged during the 1990s, has influenced the treatment and punishment of children within the criminal justice system. This question is particularly relevant as children are protected by specific human rights provisions, most notably the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). Based on a descriptive statistical data analysis, this article explores whether a change in the use of sanctions towards children in the Danish criminal justice system can be observed in the period from 1980 to 2020. The findings are related to a discussion about children’s entitlement to special protection under the CRC.
New system responses to juvenile crime
Authors: Østergaard Larsen Britt , Henriksen Ann-Karina , Dyrvig Henriksen Theresa , Torbenfelt Bengtsson Tea
Published: October 2023

AbstractIn the Nordic countries, social work and child welfare interventions have traditionally played a central role in preventing children’s involvement in future crime. Hence, child welfare authorities, rather than the criminal justice system, have handled cases with children involved in crime. However, in 2019, Denmark enacted a new policy reform that constitutes a radical break with this long-standing tradition of welfarism. The policy reform introduced court-like proceedings for children under the minimum age of criminal responsibility. Cases concerning juveniles aged 10 to 17 who commit serious offences are now handled by Youth Crime Boards and the Youth Probation Service. In this article, we explore the complexities of these new responses to juvenile crime in Denmark. We do this by combining quantitative analyses of administrative data with qualitative interviews with case managers. We argue that the new Danish system is highly complex and targets a diverse group of children with punitive measures. With this, we hope to provide insights relevant to policy makers and practitioners implementing new juvenile crime prevention strategies.
Er det til barnets beste å spesialisere dommere til å behandle straffesaker med ungdom i Norges domstoler?
Authors: Bech Åsa Gjesdal
Published: October 2023

AbstractI Norge er det ikke egne domstoler eller dommere som behandler straffesaker med mindreårige (U18-saker). Barnekomiteen har i General Comment no. 24 anbefalt spesialiserte domstoler, dommere, aktorer og forsvarere i U18-saker. Spørsmålet er om det vil være til ungdommens beste i Norge at dommere spesialiseres, eller kan formålene i barnekonvensjonen artikkel 40 1. oppnås på andre måter? Oslo tingrett er den domstolen som behandler det store flertall av U18-saker i Norge. Forfatteren har undersøkt alle U18-saker fra Oslo tingrett i 2021, og samlet funnene i publikasjonen Analyse av U18- saker avsagt i Oslo tingrett i 2021. På bakgrunn av noen av funnene i undersøkelsen drøftes behovet for spesialisering av dommere i straffesaker med mindreårige i Norge. Undersøkelsen viser at kvaliteten i domstolsbehandlingen av sakene er jevnt over god, og har blitt bedre etter at det er innført egne maler og systemer for behandlingen av sakene i Oslo tingrett. Hovedutfordringen i sakene er at dettar for lang tid fra det straffbare forholdet begås til dom er iverksatt og at lovverket er uklart, samt at straffereaksjonene i U18-saker er lite effektive. Spesialisering av dommere bør tilstrebes, så fremt det ikke går på bekostning av saksbehandlingstiden. Det bør i tillegg satses på økt kompetanse hos alle dommere om sakstypen.
Den sociale konstruktion af pårørendeinddragelse i behandlingspsykiatrien – et ph.d. forsvar
Authors: Oute Jeppe
Published: October 2023

Denne artikel bygger på forsvaret af en ph.d. afhandling, der havde til formål at anskueliggøre grundlaget for sundhedspolitiske og kliniske pårørendeinddragelsesindsatser i forbindelse med behandling af personer diagnosticeret med unipolar depression. Ved at stille følgende spørgsmål, drejer projektet sig om at undersøge de politiske, kliniske og dagligdagsorienterede forudsætninger, som danner baggrund for pårørendeinddragelse, da de i væsentlige træk har været underbelyst i litteraturen om inddragelse i depressionsramte familier: Hvordan forstås og praktiseres pårørendeinddragelse i sundhedspolitiske og behandlingspsykiatriske sammenhænge i Danmark, og hvordan forstås og praktiseres pårørendeinddragelse blandt pårørende og personer diagnosticeret med depression i deres hverdag? Produktionen af studiets empiri hviler på et flerstedsetnografisk feltarbejde, som synliggør forandringen af de måder inddragelse italesættes og praktiseres på tværs af tre forbundne, empiriske felter. Diskursanalyser af empirien viser, hvordan den fremherskende forståelse af pårørendeind- dragelse i klinisk psykiatrisk praksis ikke har

meget at gøre med de måder pårørendeind- dragelse kommer til udtryk iblandt undersøgelsens syv, deltagende familier. Denne artikel konkluderer, at den herskende politisk-kliniske diskurs om pårørendeinddragelse signalerer en forholdsvist ensartet målsætning om deinstitutionalisering og forebyggelse, som kan frembringe en række problemer og paradokser. For at kunne udvikle praksisformer, som undgår disse typer af problemstillinger, lægger artiklen op til at designe mere specifikke analyser, som i højere grad kan tage inddragelsens sociale og kønnede kontekst i betragtning.
MENADŽMENT MEDIJA U DIGITALNOM DOBU
Authors: Milin Dragana
Published: October 2023

Menadžment medija je oblast koja se bavi upravljanjem medijskim preduzećima i organizacijama. To uključuje planiranje, organizaciju, vođenje i kontrolu medijskih resursa kako bi se postigao uspešan i efikasan rad medija. Pojava interneta i digitalne transformacije izazvali su značajne promene u načinu vođenja medijskih organizacija, sa povećanim fokusom na digitalnu strategiju, online prisutnost, interakciju sa publikom i analitiku podataka, te su se kao odgovor na digitalne promene razvili različiti, više ili manje inoivativni, poslovni modeli. Izbor poslovnog modela određuje na koji način medijska organizacija planira da funkcioniše, da ostvaruje prihode, prilagođava se promenama i utiče na društveno okruženje. U ovom radu naveden je kratak opis promena koje su se desile u menadžmentu u medijskoj industriji usled digitalne transformacije, izneto je šta je obuhvatao menadžment tradicionalnih medija a koje izazove je donelo digitalno doba. Takođe, dat je pregled najčešće korišćenih poslovnih modela koji su se pojavili kao rezultat sprovedenih digitalnih promena, a navedeni su i primeri uspešno sprovedenih digitalnih transformacija medija i poslovnih modela koji su pri tome korišćeni.
VPLIV TEHNOLOGIJE NA RAZVOJ TRAJNOSTNEGA TURIZMA
Authors: Longar Urška , Grivec Malči
Published: October 2023

Turizem je ključna gospodarska dejavnost, vendar pa lahko njegov negativen vpliv na okolje in lokalne skupnosti privede do dolgoročnih škodljivih učinkov, zato vedno bolj v ospredje prihaja trajnostni turizem. Trajnostni turizem se zavzema za ohranjanje naravne in kulturne dediščine ter zagotavljanje koristi za lokalno prebivalstvo. V zadnjem času so tehnološke inovacije, kot so pametni telefoni, aplikacije, senzorji in druge digitalne rešitve, postale ključne za doseganje teh ciljev. V prispevku prikažemo z različnih vidikov, kako lahko tehnologija prispeva k trajnostnemu turizmu. Na primer, pametne aplikacije omogočajo obiskovalcem boljši vpogled v lokalno kulturo, zgodovino in okolje ter spodbujajo odgovorno ravnanje. Senzorji in podatkovne analize lahko pomagajo upravljavcem destinacij spremljati obremenitve na okolje in sprejemati ukrepe za ohranjanje naravnih virov. Prav tako lahko tehnologija izboljša učinkovitost transporta in infrastrukture, s čimer zmanjšuje negativne vplive na okolje. Hkrati pa v prispevku prikažemo izzive, povezane s tehnološkim napredkom v trajnostnem turizmu. To vključuje vprašanja zasebnosti, preobremenitve z informacijami, digitalno izključenost in potencialno izgubo avtentičnosti doživetij. Pomembno je najti ravnotežje med tehnološkimi inovacijami ter ohranjanjem osnovnih načel trajnostnega turizma. Na podlagi analize obstoječih študij, primerov in strokovnih mnenj ugotavljamo, kako lahko tehnologija s pravilnim upravljanjem prispeva k dolgoročni trajnosti turističnih destinacij in izboljšanju izkušenj obiskovalcev.
EFEKTI INTRA-INDUSTRIJSKE RAZMJENE BOSNE I HERCEGOVINE
Authors: Ljubas Ćurak Jelena
Published: October 2023

Djelovanje vanjske trgovine razvijenih zemalja jeste jačanje intra-industrijske razmjene među zemljama. Novije trgovinske teorije imaju za cilj jačanje sličnosti među nacionalnim ekonomijama, da bi se smanjila razlika i utjecaji esternih šokova s kojima se ekonomija susreće na tržištu. Postoje mnogi indeksi koji mogu usmjeriti ekonomiju u pravom smjeru i jačanju konvergencije i intra-industrijske razmjene, prema visoko razvijenim zemljama. Faktori koji utječu na intenzitet intra-industrijske razmjene i stupnja konvergencije su veličina bruto društvenog proizvoda, dohodak po stanovniku, stupanj razvitka i mnogi drugi.
ORGANIZACIONA KREATIVNOST KAO FAKTOR POSLOVNOG USPEHA U DIGITALNOJ ERI
Authors: Dejanović Aleksandar , Lukić Nikolić Jelena , Radinović Vukašin
Published: October 2023

U uslovima globalne konkurencije, stalnog tehnološkog napretka i promena, organizacije su prinuđene da izgrade, unapređuju i neguju svoju kreativnost. Organizaciona kreativnost je postala faktor koji je neophodan ne samo za poslovni uspeh, već i za opstanak na tržištu. U digitalnoj eri, neophodno je da se stalno traga za idejama koje će dovesti do novih ili izmenjenih proizvoda, usluga, poslovnih procesa. U ovom radu je ukazano na ulogu i značaj organizacione kreativnosti, kao i na ključne faktore koje utiču na kreativnost. Opisani su i različiti modeli organizacione kreativnosti koji mogu da pomognu organizacijama da unaprede svoj kreativni potencijal.
ULOGA I ZNAČAJ FORENZIČKOG RAČUNOVODSTVA U OTKRIVANJU PRIVREDNOG KRIMINALA
Authors: Budimir Nemanja , Budimir Tanja
Published: October 2023

Privredni kriminal predstavlja vodeći problem u Evropi i svetu. U današnje vreme on je dosegao neviđene razmere. Privredni kriminal je društveno negativna pojava koja je bila predmet mnogih rasprava tokom proteklih nekoliko godina, kako od strane akademske zajednice koja proučava ovaj oblik kriminala, tako i od strane stručnjaka koji su posvećeni borbi i sprečavanju istog. Računovodstvene kriminalne radnje zauzimaju posebno mesto u privrednom kriminalu. Ovo se posebno odnosi na kriminalne radnje u finansijskim izveštajima, a koje obuhvataju fiktivnu i neadekvatnu obradu podataka u cilju prikrivanja pravog stanja sredstava, izvora sredstava ili poslovnog rezultata. Kako bi se smanjio broj prevara i vratilo poverenje u finansijsko izveštavanje, sve više se primenjuje forenzičko računovodstvo. Ovaj oblik računovodstva predstavlja upotrebu računovodstvenih, revizorskih i mnogih drugih finansijskih veština i znanja prilikom rešavanja poslovnih odnosa, transakcija i tvrdnji, koje mogu biti ili već jesu predmet sudskih sporova. Rad ima za cilj da definiše pojam privrednog kriminala, forenzičkog računovodstva, ali i da ukaže na značaj forenzičkog računovodstva u otkrivanju privrednog kriminala.
Deep Learning-based Precision Diagnosis of Lung Diseases on the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT)
Authors: Sushama Lekshmy , Sridhar Kuttaiyur , Roberts Michaelraj
Published: October 2023

Lung disease is one of the common and severe pathological conditions that affect the respiratory system, causing respiratory illness and potential mortality. In recent times, deep learning paradigm based on the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) platform has been adopted as a viable solution to address the challenges encountered in detection of lung diseases which are characterized by their diverse nature and the complexities associated with their diagnosis. In this work, we have proposed an approach that aims to achieve accurate prediction and analysis of lung diseases. The proposed research methodology presents a Deep Learning-based Accurate Lung Disease Prediction (DL-ALDP) model based on deep learning algorithms to enhance its predictive capabilities. The DL-ALDP framework integrates several preprocessing techniques, including Wiener filtering, optimized region growing method (ORGM)-based feature extraction, and Contrast limited AHE (CLAHE)-based segmentation. The accurate prediction of lung diseases is achieved by utilizing a Deep Neural Network (DNN) for classification purposes. The DL-ALDP technique, as suggested, attained a precision of 86.77%, sensitivity of 82.47%, specificity of 92.87%, accuracy of 92.08%, and F1 score of 89.42%. The findings of this research underscore the prospective utility of deep learning techniques in forecasting and analyzing lung ailments within the context of the IoMT platform. Through IoMT capabilities, healthcare practitioners can avail themselves of enhanced prognostic accuracy and timeliness, resulting in superior patient care and outcomes.
Design and Implementation of Modified Multilevel Inverter FED BLDC Motor for Electric Vehicle Application
Authors: Manivel Murugesan , Kaliappan Lakshmi
Published: October 2023

In this work a modified hybrid multilevel inverter with reduced device is proposed.  The system considerably reduces the quantity of power electronic power switches to twenty-one so as to create fifteen level three phase output, whereas conventional structures require higher number of power devices. Higher number of power switches leads to increased distortion, losses and cost. The recommended circuit gives better response, higher efficiency, reduced cost, high reliability and fault tolerance. Decrease in number of power switches, intensely diminishes the convolution of the switching circuitry.
Iron Metabolism Dysregulation and Atherosclerotic Changes in Obstructive Sleep Apnoea
Authors: Manolov Victor , Georgiev Ognian , Vasilev Vasil , Emilova Radoslava , Petrova Iulia , Hadjidekova Savina , Angov Georgi , Kunchev Todor , Tzatchev Kamen , Traykov Latchezar , Pencheva Ventsislava
Published: October 2023

The Syndrome of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with an increased risk of arterial hypertension, metabolic syndrome, diabetes mellitus type 2, brain-vascular damages and atherosclerosis.
The aim of this study is to assess the connection between iron metabolism dysregulation in OSA and atherosclerotic changes of carotid arteries.
Thirty-five OSA patients with brain-vascular atherosclerotic evidences were included in this study; changes were evaluated by carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and flow-mediated dilatation (FMD). Their results were compared to an equal number of healthy volunteers. Haematological and biochemical assays were performed in all participants in the study.
Serum hepcidin levels are statistically significantly increased in OSA patients with atherosclerotic a. carotis changes (101.9±10.1 µg/L) compared to the control group (18.5±2.5 µg/L); $$P<0.001$$. Serum homocysteine levels are significantly higher in OSA than in healthy people. Average IMT (1.22±0.19) and ABI (1.71±0.14) values in OSA patients with atherosclerotic a. carotis changes are increased in comparison to the control group (0.34±0.07, 1.11±0.06, resp.); $$P<0.001$$. Serum vitamin B12 levels were lower in OSA patients with atherosclerotic changes in carotid arteries (71.7±9.9 pmol/L) compared to the controls (449.7±21.4 pmol/L); $$P<0.001$$.
A connection between iron homeostasis and atherosclerotic changes was established during this study. Increased hepcidin and homocysteine concentrations might be connected to an elevated risk of cardio- and brain-vascular diseases in OSA. The use of these markers in the routine practice may be very useful for early atherosclerosis assessment in OSA.
Risk-sensitive learning is a winning strategy for leading an urban invasion
Authors: Breen Alexis J , Deffner Dominik
Published: October 2023

In the unpredictable Anthropocene, a particularly pressing open question is how certain species invade urban environments. Sex-biased dispersal and learning arguably influence movement ecology, but their joint influence remains unexplored empirically, and might vary by space and time. We assayed reinforcement learning in wild-caught, temporarily captive core-, middle-, or edge-range great-tailed grackles—a bird species undergoing urban-tracking rapid range expansion, led by dispersing males. We show, across populations, both sexes initially perform similarly when learning stimulus-reward pairings, but, when reward contingencies reverse, male—versus female—grackles finish ‘relearning’ faster, making fewer choice-option switches. How do male grackles do this? Bayesian cognitive modelling revealed male grackles’ choice behaviour is governed more strongly by the ‘weight’ of relative differences in recent foraging payoffs—i.e., they show more pronounced risk-sensitive learning. Confirming this mechanism, agent-based forward simulations of reinforcement learning—where we simulate ‘birds’ based on empirical estimates of our grackles’ reinforcement learning—replicate our sex-difference behavioural data. Finally, evolutionary modelling revealed natural selection should favour risk-sensitive learning in hypothesised urban-like environments: stable but stochastic settings. Together, these results imply risk-sensitive learning is a winning strategy for urban-invasion leaders, underscoring the potential for life history and cognition to shape invasion success in human-modified environments.
The efficacy of digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Lin Wenyao , Li Na , Yang Lili , Zhang Yuqing
Published: October 2023

Background

Insomnia and depression often co-occur. Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) seems to be effective and safe for mitigating insomnia and depression. However, the efficacy of digitally-delivered CBT-I (dCBT-I) remains unclear. Therefore, this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was to systematically review and evaluate the efficacy of dCBT-I in adults with insomnia and depression.

Methods

A systematic search in PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Web of Science databases (as of June 5, 2022) was conducted for RCTs on dCBT-I. Statistical analyses were performed using Revan Manager. The effects of dCBT-I on insomnia and depression were expressed as standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results

Seven studies involving 3,597 participants were included. This meta-analysis showed that dCBT-I reduced the severity of insomnia (SMD = −0.85, 95% CI [−1.00 to −0.69], p < 0.001) and depression (SMD = −0.47, 95% CI [−0.55 to −0.38], p < 0.001) in short terms, and also mitigated the severity of insomnia (SMD = −0.71, 95% CI [−1.00 to −0.44], p < 0.001) and depression (SMD = −0.42, 95% CI [−0.68 to −0.15], p = 0.002) in long terms. The effect of dCBT-I was comparable to that of traditional face-to-face CBT-I, and was generally maintained at follow-ups of 6 weeks to 6 months.

Conclusion

dCBT-I seems to be effective in alleviating insomnia and depression and might be considered as a viable treatment option for depression.