bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Suggesting text alternatives for images in social media
Authors: Pereira Letícia Seixas , Guerreiro João , Rodrigues André , Santos André , Vicente João , Coelho José , Guerreiro Tiago , Duarte Carlos
Published: July 2021

Image description has been a recurrent topic on web accessibility over the years. With the increased use of social networks, this discussion is even more relevant. Social networks are responsible for a considerable part of the images available on the web. In this context, users are not only consuming visual content but also creating it. Due to this shared responsibility of providing accessible content, major platforms must go beyond accessible interfaces. Additional resources must also be available to support users in creating accessible content. Although many of today's services already support accessible media content authoring, current efforts still fail to properly integrate and guide their users through the authoring process. One of the consequences is that many users are still unaware of what an image description is, how to provide it, and why it is necessary. We present SONAAR, a project that aims to improve the accessibility of user-generated content on social networks. Our approach is to support the authoring and consumption of accessible social media content. Our prototypes currently focus on Twitter and Facebook and are available as an Android application and as a Chrome extension.
A computational creativity approach from music to images
Authors: Pinto Luís Aleixo H. Sofía , Correia Nuno
Published: July 2021

Our system generates abstract images from music that serve as inspiration for the creative process. We developed one of many possible approaches for a cross-domain association between the musical and visual domains, by extracting features from MIDI music files and associating them to visual characteristics. The associations were led by the authors' aesthetic preferences and some experimentation. Three different approaches were pursued, two with direct or random associations and a third using a genetic algorithm that considers music and color theory while searching for better results. The resulting images were evaluated through online surveys, which confirmed that not only they were abstract, but also that there was a relationship with the music that served as the basis for the association process. Moreover, the majority of the participants ranked highest the images improved with the genetic algorithm. This newsletter contribution summarizes the full version of the article, which was presented at EvoMUSART 2021 (the 10th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Music, Sound, Art and Design).
Improving Water Management and Performance of an Air-Cooled Fuel Cell System Using Pressurized Air for Aviation Applications
Authors: Lee Nammin , Ghasemi Masoomeh , Kim Bonghyun , Choe Seungbeen , Lim Kisung , Lee Seung Woo , Jang Seung Soon , Ju Hyunchul
Published: July 2021

Air-cooled fuel cell systems feature a light-weight and simple design and are thus recognized as a suitable technology for drone and aviation applications. As compared to liquid-cooled fuel cell systems, however, they suffer from low specific power per unit volume and unstable performance due to severe electrolyte dehydration and nonuniform profiles of current density and temperature inside a fuel cell stack. Here, we present a high-pressure air-cooled fuel cell system in which atmospheric air is pre-compressed by a compressor and then fed into the fuel cell stack. To minimize the compressor power consumption, the system is designed to recirculate the exhaust air from the fuel cell stack. A three-dimensional two-phase fuel cell model is implemented with a high-pressure air-cooled fuel cell system mainly consisting of an air-cooled fuel cell stack, compressor, air chamber and duct, and heat exchanger and is used to predict superior fuel cell performances under various high-pressure conditions. Simulation results show that the fuel cell operation at 2 atm allows an increase of up to two times the stack power and 1.5 times the net system power compared to a 1-atm fuel cell operation.
Deletion of muscle Igf1 exacerbates disuse atrophy weakness in mice
Authors: Spradlin Ray A. , Vassilakos Georgios , Matheny Michael K. , Jones Nathan C. , Goldman Jessica L. , Lei Hanqin , Barton Elisabeth R.
Published: July 2021

A mouse model with skeletal muscle-specific inducible deletion of Igf1 was used to address the importance of this growth factor for the consequences of disuse atrophy. Rapid and equivalent loss of IGF-I and mass occurred with deletion or disuse. Decrements in strength were most severe with combined loss of load and IGF-1. Return of mass and strength upon reloading was independent of IGF-1.
Influence of the fitting window on the O2 uptake kinetics at the onset of moderate intensity exercise
Authors: Francescato Maria Pia , Cettolo Valentina
Published: July 2021

We propose a method to objectively establish the initial time period to be removed from the fitting window when, using a mono-exponential model, the kinetics of the fundamental component is determined on breath-by-breath O2 uptake data collected at the onset of a moderate-intensity exercise. Innovative statistical parameters (“Coverage” and “Concordance5%,” applicable on simulated responses) were used to compare its performance with that of other three methods. The proposed method yielded the best “Coverage” and “Concordance5%.”
Lung ultrasound features and relationships with respiratory mechanics of evolving BPD in preterm rabbits and human neonates
Authors: Loi Barbara , Casiraghi Costanza , Catozzi Chiara , Storti Matteo , Lucattelli Monica , Bartalesi Barbara , Yousef Nadya , Salomone Fabrizio , De Luca Daniele
Published: July 2021

We have reported that hyperoxia-exposed preterm rabbits and human preterm neonates with evolving BPD have the same lung ultrasound appearance, and that lung ultrasound can be fruitfully applied on this model with a brief training. The animal model and human neonates also presented the same relationship between semiquantitative ultrasound-assessed lung aeration and airway resistances. In conclusion, this animal model fairly reproduce evolving BPD as it is seen in clinical practice.
Goaf Gas Control Improvement by Optimizing the Adjacent Roadway Large‐Diameter Boreholes
Authors: Wang Wei , Li Zongxiang , Yu Hongming
Published: July 2021

This study introduced gas control technology in goaf using adjacent roadway large‐diameter (550 mm) boreholes to control gas accumulation in the upper corner of a fully mechanized working face in high‐gas coal seams. The gas control process in the upper corner and gas interception in goaf by large‐diameter boreholes was analyzed using the CFD model of the gas flow in goaf. The latter considered the control equation of gas flow, the established permeability model of goaf, and the gas emission law in goaf. Using the 2‐105 working face of the Tenghui Coal Mine, Shanxi Province, China, as a case study, the distribution patterns of gas concentration and flow field in the goaf for various extraction flow parameters and different positions of boreholes were numerically simulated. The dependences between various locations, drainage flows, and the gas concentration in the upper corner were determined and fitted by engineering equations. The evolution pattern of the spontaneous combustion zone in the goaf under the drainage conditions was also analyzed. The optimal borehole configuration parameters ensuring the extraction flow rate exceeding 3 m·s−1 and the effective gas control in the upper corner of the working face at a distance of 5 m–15 m behind the working face were identified. The engineering practice proved the feasibility of gas control in the goaf using the adjacent roadway large‐diameter borehole. The gas concentrations in the return airflow and the upper corner of the working face were kept below 0.65 and 0.8%, respectively, to ensure production safety and improve the gas utilization efficiency.
Molecular Dysfunctions of Mitochondria‐Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Contacts in Atherosclerosis
Authors: Wang Xiaojiao , Luo Dan , Wu Sisi
Published: July 2021

Atherosclerosis is a chronic lipid‐driven inflammatory disease that results in the formation of lipid‐rich and immune cell‐rich plaques in the arterial wall, which has high morbidity and mortality in the world. The mechanism of atherosclerosis is still unclear now. Potential hypotheses involved in atherosclerosis are chronic inflammation theory, lipid percolation theory, mononuclear‐macrophage theory, endothelial cell (EC) injury theory, and smooth muscle cell (SMC) mutation theory. Changes of phospholipids, glucose, critical proteins, etc. on mitochondria‐associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM) can cause the progress of atherosclerosis. This review describes the structural and functional interaction between mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and explains the role of critical molecules in the structure of MAM during atherosclerosis.
Oxford-AstraZeneca Coronavirus Disease-2019 Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombocytopenia on Day Two
Authors: Razzaq Azhar Kareem , Al-Jasim Ameer
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Vaccines have been one of the most impactful human discoveries that have significantly changed life expectancy. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by platelet damage, life-threatening thrombocytopenia, and haemorrhage when the platelet count reaches below 20 × 109/mcL. Its pathogenesis involves viral mimicry or T-cell-induced immune destruction in antibody-negative cases. The clinical manifestations of thrombocytopenia vary according to the severity (level of platelets) and range from being asymptomatic to severe haemorrhage. ITP is treated with immunosuppression. Case Presentation. A 26-year-old Iraqi male laboratory analyst with an unremarkable medical history presented with severe thrombocytopenia 2 days after receiving the Oxford-AstraZeneca coronavirus disease-2019 vaccine. The patient was asymptomatic with unremarkable examination findings. However, his low platelet count was discovered accidentally, and the patient did not exhibit the resistance pattern of ITP and recovered successfully with regular immunosuppressant treatment. Conclusion. Patients with a history of thrombocytopenia can develop vaccine-induced thrombocytopenia earlier than the expected onset. Close monitoring, through regular complete blood counts, is highly recommended for patients with previous thrombocytopenia because the immune modulation process of the vaccine can worsen preexisting thrombocytopenia.
Research on Fault Diagnosis of Launch Vehicle’s Power Transformation and Transmission System Based on Big Data
Authors: Zhang Yichi , Shu Tao , Song Xincheng , Xu Yan , Zhang Pengxiang
Published: July 2021

The on-board power supply system provides power for the launch vehicle. The power transmission and transformation system plays an irreplaceable role to ensure that the on-board power supply system receives the normal working voltage of the launch vehicle. There are many types of faults in power transmission and transformation systems. The traditional faulty diagnosis method of power transmission and transformation equipment has the disadvantages of being susceptible to experts’ subjectivity and model’s ossification. In this paper, a new method of equipment fault diagnosis based on big data is proposed. On the basis of big data, this paper introduces the failure mode clustering algorithm, the state parameter correlation analysis algorithm, the fault diagnosis method based on the correlation matrix, and other key fault diagnosis technologies. The fault record data of the 400 kV voltage grade oil-immersed transformer bushing in the past ten years by a Chinese combat unit is used as a case for demonstration. The results show that the accuracy rate of SC-LSTM-K-means clustering model exceeds 95%. And the fault classification mode can be accurately obtained. A priori correlation algorithm with TA coefficient can be used to evaluate the strong and weak relationship between the state parameters; the fault diagnosis matrix based on Pearson’s correlation coefficient can accurately determine the fault mode consistent with the actual operation and maintenance test results. Therefore, the fault diagnosis method of power transmission and transformation system based on big data can both effectively obtain the inherent laws of historical data and realize more accurate fault diagnosis with data adaptability.
Frontal Sinus “Hump”: An Anatomical Risk Factor for Anterior Skull Base Injury in the Endoscopic Modified Lothrop Approach (Outside-In Frontal Drill-Out)
Authors: Takeda Teppei , Omura Kazuhiro , Torng Haw , Ebihara Teru , Aoki Satoshi , Tochigi Kosuke , Kojima Hiromi , Otori Nobuyoshi
Published: July 2021

Skull base injuries caused by the outside-in frontal drill-out technique have not been reported. In this report, we chose an outside-in approach to open the frontal sinus for olfactory neuroblastoma resection. Although we identified the first olfactory fibre, the anterior skull base was damaged while drilling into the frontal sinus on the tumour side. We reconstructed the skull base in multiple layers using fascia and cartilage. Postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage or intracranial haemorrhage was not observed. In this case, a morphological difference existed in the posterior wall of the frontal sinus between the right and left sides, like a “hump” in the posterior wall of the frontal sinus. This case of damage to the anterior skull base that could not be avoided by identifying the first olfactory fibre alone is the first published case of skull base injury caused by the outside-in approach due to morphological variations of the frontal sinus and skull base. In this approach, the posterior wall of the frontal sinus cannot be observed because the intraoperative landmark is limited to the first olfactory fibre. Therefore, morphological variations of the posterior wall of the frontal sinus should be analysed in advance to prevent cranial base injury.
Kinect-Based Real-Time Acquisition Algorithm of Crop Growth Depth Images
Authors: Hua Shan , Xu Minjie , Xu Zhifu , Ye Hongbao , Zhou Cheng quan
Published: July 2021

Kinect 3D sensing real-time acquisition algorithm that can meet the requirements of fast, accurate, and real-time acquisition of image information of crop growth laws has become the trend and necessary means of digital agricultural production management. Based on this, this paper uses Kinect real-time image generation technology to try to monitor and study the depth map of crop growth law in real time, use Kinect to obtain the algorithm of crop growth depth map, and conduct investigation and research. Real-time image acquisition research on crop growth trends provides a basis for in-depth understanding of the application of Kinect real-time image generation technology in research. Kinect image real-time acquisition algorithm is a very important information carrier in agricultural information engineering. The research results show that the real-time Kinect depth image acquisition algorithm can obtain good 3D image data information and can provide valuable data basis for the 3D reconstruction of the later crop growth model, growth status analysis, and real-time monitoring of crop diseases. The data shows that, using Kinect, the real-time feedback speed of crop growth observation can be increased by 45%, the imaging accuracy is improved by 37%, and the related operation steps are simplified by 30%. The survey results show that the crop yield can be increased by about 12%.
The New Method of Sensor Data Privacy Protection for IoT
Authors: Wu Yue , Song Liangtu , Liu Lei
Published: July 2021

This article introduces the new method of sensor data privacy protection method for IoT. Asymmetric encryption is used to verify the identity of the gateway by the sensor. The IoT gateway node verifies the integrity and source of the data, then creates a block, and submits the block chain transaction. In order to avoid tracking the source of the data, a ring signature is used to anonymize the gateway transaction. The proxy re‐encryption method realizes the sharing of encrypted data. On the basis of smart contracts, attribute‐based data access control allows decentralized applications to finely control data access. Through experiments, the effects of sensor/gateway verification, transaction signatures, and sensor data encryption on performance are discussed. The results show that transaction delays are all controlled within a reasonable range. The system performance achieved by this method is also relatively stable.
New Exact Soliton Solutions of the (
3
+
1
)-Dimensional Conformable Wazwaz–Benjamin–Bona–Mahony Equation via Two Novel Techniques
Authors: Kaabar Mohammed K. A. , Kaplan Melike , Siri Zailan
Published: July 2021

In this work, the (

3
+
1

)-dimensional Wazwaz–Benjamin–Bona–Mahony equation is formulated in the sense of conformable derivative. Two novel methods of generalized Kudryashov and exp

−
φ

ℵ

are investigated to obtain various exact soliton solutions. All algebraic computations are done with the help of the Maple software. Graphical representations are provided in 3D and 2D profiles to show the behavior and dynamics of all obtained solutions at various parameters’ values and conformable orders using Wolfram Mathematica.
Flow Field Analysis of Adult High‐Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy
Authors: Xia Jingen , Chang Jiaqi , Liang Jixiang , Wang Yixuan , Wang Na
Published: July 2021

The mechanical ventilation of human body is a complex human‐computer interaction process. High flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) is a new type of ventilation, which is often measured by lung pressure, respiratory work, and other parameters. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the pressure, flow, and strain rate of upper respiratory tract with different flow and oxygen concentration by using finite element simulation, to guide professionals to adjust the appropriate flow and oxygen concentration parameters of HFNC machine. This paper studies the complex human‐computer interaction environment of human respiratory tract and ventilation airflow. The 3D model of respiratory tract established by the conversion of image scanning data was taken as the research object. The flow state of the gases in the respiratory tract was judged by Reynolds equation. After that, RNG K‐ε model was applied to the research object, and the simulation diagram of airway pressure, flow rate, strain rate, and trace diagram of flowing particles were obtained under the finite element method. The results explain some clinical phenomena in HFNC and guide people to make better use of mathematical tools to study human‐computer complex environment.
Wavelet Transform-Based Ultrasound Image Enhancement Algorithm for Guided Gynecological Laparoscopy Imaging of Local Anesthetics in Perioperative Gynecological Laparoscopy
Authors: Sheng Bingbing , Yan Qiaoqin , Zhao Xianda , Yang Wujian
Published: July 2021

This paper aimed to study the application of local anesthetics combined with transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block in gynecological laparoscopy (GLS) surgery during perioperative period under the guidance of ultrasound image enhanced by the wavelet transform image enhancement (WTIE) algorithm. 56 patients who underwent GLS surgery in hospital were selected and classified as the infiltrating group and block group. The puncture needle was guided by ultrasound images under WTIE algorithm, and 0.375% ropivacaine was adopted to block TAP. The results showed that the dosage of propofol in the infiltrating group (313.23 ± 19.67 mg) was remarkably inferior to the infiltrating group (377.67 ± 21.56 mg)

P
<
0.05

. The hospitalization time of patients in the infiltrating group (2.14 ± 0.18 days) was obviously shorter than that of the infiltrating group (3.23 ± 0.27 days)

P
<
0.05

. 3 h, 6 h, and 12 h after the operation, the visual analogue scores (3.82 ± 1.58 points, 2.97 ± 1.53 points, and 1.38 ± 0.57 points) of the patients in the infiltration group were considerably higher than the infiltrating group (2.31 ± 1.46 points, 1.06 ± 1.28 points, and 0.95 ± 0.43 points)

P
<
0.05

. 3 h, 6 h, and 12 h after the operation, the number of patients in the infiltrating group who used tramadol for salvage analgesia (2 cases, 1 case, and 1 case) was notably less than that in the infiltration group (9 cases, 7 cases, and 3 cases)

P
<
0.05

. In short, local anesthetics combined with TAP block can reduce postoperative VAS score and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) score, which also reduced the incidence of postoperative analgesia.
ANOVA-Based Analysis of Early Blood Transfusions on Hemodynamics with Severely Injured Trauma Using Bedside Ultrasound Imaging
Authors: Song Lei , Zhang Jianguo , Liu Junliang
Published: July 2021

The focus of the study was to quantitatively analyze the influence of early massive blood transfusions (MBTs) on the hemodynamics and prognostic living quality of patients with severely injured trauma. 114 patients with severely injured trauma were enrolled into MBT group (67 cases) and nonmassive blood transfusions (NBT) group (47 cases) according to whether they accepted MBTs within 24 hours after the admission. All patients had bedside ultrasound technology scanning. Furthermore, the indexes were calculated for inferior vena cava (IVC), peripheral arteries, and heart. The prognostic deaths were recorded. It was found that, in the MBT group, the mortality was lower (7.55% vs. 24.23%) (

P
<
0.05

), and these indexes were higher for the IVC expansion (IVCE), the respiration variation index (RVI) of IVC (ΔIVC2), the peak flow velocity RVI of brachial artery (ΔVpeakBA), femoral artery (ΔVpeakFA), left ventricular outflow tract (ΔVpeakL), and aorta (ΔVpeakAO), as well as peak flow velocity time integral RVI of aorta (ΔVTIAO) (

P
<
0.05

). In conclusion, early MBTs can elevate survival rate and prognostic living quality and alleviate the atrophy degree of IVC, peripheral artery, and blood vessel of patients with severely injured trauma. Furthermore, bedside ultrasound scanning demonstrated superb capabilities in quantitatively displaying hemodynamics and outcomes of MBTs of patients with severely injured trauma.
Fractional Entropy-Based Test of Uniformity with Power Comparisons
Authors: Mohamed Mohamed S. , Barakat Haroon M. , Alyami Salem A. , Abd Elgawad Mohamed A.
Published: July 2021

In the present paper, we use the fractional and weighted cumulative residual entropy measures to test the uniformity. The limit distribution and an approximation of the distribution of the test statistic based on the fractional cumulative residual entropy are derived. Moreover, for this test statistic, percentage points and power against seven alternatives are reported. Finally, a simulation study is carried out to compare the power of the proposed tests and other tests of uniformity.
Low-Dose Ketamine Infusion for Perioperative Pain Management in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Seman Mitchell T. , Malan Shawn H. , Buras Matthew R. , Butterfield Richard J. , Harold Kristi L. , Madura James A. , Rosenfeld David M. , Gorlin Andrew W.
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Obesity is a common comorbidity seen in the perioperative setting and is associated with many diseases including cardiovascular disease and obstructive sleep apnea. Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is the gold standard surgical treatment for patients whose weight is refractory to diet and exercise. Caring for these patients perioperatively presents unique challenges to anesthesiologists and is associated with an increased risk of adverse respiratory events. In our study, we hypothesize that a low-dose perioperative ketamine infusion will reduce opioid consumption and improve analgesia when compared to standard therapy. Methods. This is a single-center, prospective randomized controlled study enrolling 35 patients in total. Patients were randomized equally into the ketamine and control group. Preop, intraop, and postop management regimens were standardized. The ketamine group received a 0.3 mg/kg ideal body weight ketamine bolus after induction followed by a 0.2 mg/kg/hr ketamine infusion continued into the postop setting for up to 24 hours. Data collected included total perioperative opioids used converted to oral morphine equivalents (ME), pain scores, side effects, hospital length of stay, and patient satisfaction captured via postoperative questionnaires. Results. The use of perioperative opioid consumption was significantly lower in the ketamine group when compared with the control group (179.9 ME versus 248.7 ME,

P
=
0.03

). There was no statistically significant difference in pain scores or hospital length of stay postoperatively between the two groups. There were also no reported adverse respiratory events, prolonged sedation, agitation, or other side effects reported in either group. The patient satisfaction questionnaires showed a significant difference with the ketamine group reporting lower maximum pain scores, a decrease in how pain limited activities of daily living once discharged, and increased hospital pain management satisfaction scores. Conclusions. Perioperative low-dose ketamine infusions significantly reduced opioid consumption in morbidly obese patients undergoing laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery.
Classic and Novel Sex Hormone Binding Globulin Effects on the Cardiovascular System in Men
Authors: Basualto-Alarcón Carla , Llanos Paola , García-Rivas Gerardo , Troncoso Mayarling Francisca , Lagos Daniel , Barrientos Genaro , Estrada Manuel
Published: July 2021

In men, 70% of circulating testosterone binds with high affinity to plasma sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), which determines its bioavailability in their target cells. In recent years, a growing body of evidence has shown that circulating SHBG not only is a passive carrier for steroid hormones but also actively regulates testosterone signaling through putative plasma membrane receptors and by local expression of androgen-binding proteins apparently to reach local elevated testosterone concentrations in specific androgen target tissues. Circulating SHBG levels are influenced by metabolic and hormonal factors, and they are reduced in obesity and insulin resistance, suggesting that SHBG may have a broader clinical utility in assessing the risk for cardiovascular diseases. Importantly, plasma SHBG levels are strongly correlated with testosterone concentrations, and in men, low testosterone levels are associated with an adverse cardiometabolic profile. Although obesity and insulin resistance are associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease, whether they lead to abnormal expression of circulating SHBG or its interaction with androgen signaling remains to be elucidated. SHBG is produced mainly in the liver, but it can also be expressed in several tissues including the brain, fat tissue, and myocardium. Expression of SHBG is controlled by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK/PPAR interaction is critical to regulate hepatocyte nuclear factor-4 (HNF4), a prerequisite for SHBG upregulation. In cardiomyocytes, testosterone activates AMPK and PPARs. Therefore, the description of local expression of cardiac SHBG and its circulating levels may shed new light to explain physiological and adverse cardiometabolic roles of androgens in different tissues. According to emerging clinical evidence, here, we will discuss the potential mechanisms with cardioprotective effects and SHBG levels to be used as an early metabolic and cardiovascular biomarker in men.
Quality Appraisal of the Pharmacoeconomic Research Literature about Antivirals: A Comparison between Chinese Medicine and Non-Chinese Medicine
Authors: Zhang Junliang , Bai Qian , Bian Ying
Published: July 2021

Introduction. Antiviral activity is a main function of many types of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and they may contribute more in the process of certain viral epidemics. Therefore, based on the effectiveness and economy of TCM, we aimed to determine the situation of health economic studies about antivirals, especially the difference between TCM and non-TCM. Methods. A literature search of three databases was conducted with a time range of January 2000–December 2020, and terms related to health economics and TCM were used as key terms. QHES and CHEERS were used as quality assessment tools. Results. 203 papers were included in our research. After evaluation using QHES and CHEERS, antiviral TCM obtained an overall score of 41.37 ± 4.46/99 in QHES, compared with 48.89 ± 7.25/99 (18.18% higher than TCM) of antiviral non-TCM. Conclusion. With a statistically significant difference, the overall quality of pharmacoeconomic research about antiviral non-Chinese medicine is better than that about antiviral Chinese medicine, which may have resulted from researchers’ capacities or the absence of a more suitable standard for pharmacoeconomic research. It tells that the quality of pharmacoeconomic studies about TCM still warrants improvement.
Stability and Convergence Analysis for Set-Valued Extended Generalized Nonlinear Mixed Variational Inequality Problems and Generalized Resolvent Dynamical Systems
Authors: Ahmad Iqbal , Rather Zahoor Ahmad , Ahmad Rais , Wen Ching-Feng
Published: July 2021

In this paper, we study a set-valued extended generalized nonlinear mixed variational inequality problem and its generalized resolvent dynamical system. A three-step iterative algorithm is constructed for solving set-valued extended generalized nonlinear variational inequality problem. Convergence and stability analysis are also discussed. We have shown the globally exponential convergence of generalized resolvent dynamical system to a unique solution of set-valued extended generalized nonlinear mixed variational inequality problem. In support of our main result, we provide a numerical example with convergence graphs and computation tables. For illustration, a comparison of our three-step iterative algorithm with Ishikawa-type algorithm and Mann-type algorithm is shown.
Pseudo-Parallel Characteristic Jacobi Operators on Contact Metric 3 Manifolds
Authors: Wang Wenjie , Dai Xinxin
Published: July 2021

We prove that the characteristic Jacobi operator on a contact metric three manifold is semiparallel if and only if it vanishes. We determine Lie groups of dimension three admitting left invariant contact metric structures such that the characteristic Jacobi operators are pseudoparallel.
VLSI Implementation of a High-Performance Nonlinear Image Scaling Algorithm
Authors: Khalaf Osamah Ibrahim , Romero Carlos Andrés Tavera , Azhagu Jaisudhan Pazhani A. , Vinuja G.
Published: July 2021

This study implements the VLSI architecture for nonlinear-based picture scaling that is minimal in complexity and memory efficient. Image scaling is used to increase or decrease the size of an image in order to map the resolution of different devices, particularly cameras and printers. Larger memory and greater power are also necessary to produce high-resolution photographs. As a result, the goal of this project is to create a memory-efficient low-power image scaling methodology based on the effective weighted median interpolation methodology. Prefiltering is employed in linear interpolation scaling methods to improve the visual quality of the scaled image in noisy environments. By decreasing the blurring effect, the prefilter performs smoothing and sharpening processes to produce high-quality scaled images. Despite the fact that prefiltering requires more processing resources, the suggested solution scales via effective weighted median interpolation, which reduces noise intrinsically. As a result, a low-cost VLSI architecture can be created. The results of simulations reveal that the effective weighted median interpolation outperforms other existing approaches.
Algebro-Geometric Solutions of the Coupled Chaffee-Infante Reaction Diffusion Hierarchy
Authors: Yue Chao , Xia Tiecheng
Published: July 2021

The coupled Chaffee-Infante reaction diffusion (CCIRD) hierarchy associated with a

3
×
3

matrix spectral problem is derived by using two sets of the Lenard recursion gradients. Based on the characteristic polynomial of the Lax matrix for the CCIRD hierarchy, we introduce a trigonal curve

K

m
−
2

of arithmetic genus

m
−
2

, from which the corresponding Baker-Akhiezer function and meromorphic functions on

K

m
−
2

are constructed. Then, the CCIRD equations are decomposed into Dubrovin-type ordinary differential equations. Furthermore, the theory of the trigonal curve and the properties of the three kinds of Abel differentials are applied to obtain the explicit theta function representations of the Baker-Akhiezer function and the meromorphic functions. In particular, algebro-geometric solutions for the entire CCIRD hierarchy are obtained.
Numerical Analysis of a New Block‐Type Rail Bearing Beam for the Mid‐Low‐Speed Maglev Train
Authors: Wang Wubin , Li Yandong , Xie Kang , Huang Zhichao , Shi Linchuan
Published: July 2021

In this study, a new block‐type rail bearing beam is presented, which consists of a cast‐in‐place base and prefabricated blocks. The finite element analysis is conducted to assess the proposed new rail bearing beam structure. The performed finite element method (FEM) simulation focused on the dynamic stress at the bottom of the rail bearing beam and structural internal force and deformation under the case of train loading, etc. Besides, the relationship between first‐order natural frequency and activation frequency in the new support rail beam structure is analyzed and the beneficial effects on the internode connection structure are quantified. The results show that the increase in driving speed has the most significant effect on the vertical acceleration of the structure, and the self‐vibration frequency of the structure is relatively large, which means the structure is safe. Since previous research seldom focuses on this block‐type rail bearing beam, this study lays a valuable foundation for the construction of a rail bearing beam for the mid‐low‐speed maglev train.
Experimental Investigation on the Ductility of Concrete Deep Beams Reinforced with Basalt‐Carbon and Basalt‐Steel Wire Hybrid Composite Bars
Authors: Mirdarsoltany Mohammadamin , Rahai Alireza , Hatami Farzad
Published: July 2021

Using steel bars in corrosive conditions imposes a high cost on concrete elements. This is due to corrosion of steel bars. In order to eliminate this issue, the use of composite materials in civil engineering practices has become an area of focus because of their acceptable mechanical behavior, such as high strength, suitable durability in corrosive environmental conditions, and low weight. However, composite bars show low ductility and brittle fracture in tensile tests. These weaknesses act as a stumbling block to the widespread use of such bars in concrete elements. Therefore, a new generation of hybrid composite bars, fabricated by a combination of two or more composite fibers, has been proposed to eliminate these downsides. In this research project, six reinforced concrete beams in three groups, including beams reinforced with basalt‐wire hybrid composite bars, carbon‐basalt hybrid composite bars, and steel bars, have been evaluated in statistical 4‐point flexural tests. The test results showed that the energy absorption rate for beams reinforced with basalt‐wire hybrid bars compared to beams reinforced with steel bars was up to 93% in the statistical 4‐point flexural test.
Significant Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of FLAD1 and Related MicroRNAs in Breast Cancer after a Pan-Cancer Analysis
Authors: Mei Mei , Song Wenting , Wang Yingjun , Zhang Mingzhi
Published: July 2021

The identification of biomarkers plays an important role in the diagnosis and prognosis of cancers. In this study, we explored the diagnostic and prognostic value of the FLAD1 expression across pan-cancer analysis from online databases (Oncomine, cBioPortal, Breast Cancer Gene-Expression Miner, UALCAN, GEO, BCIP, TNMplot, ENCORI, Kaplan-Meier Plotter, and LinkedOmics). We found that FLAD1 was overexpressed in a number of different kinds of cancers, especially in breast cancer, and higher FLAD1 expression level was associated with the HER+, p53 mutant, node-involved, NPI stage 3, basal-like, and triple-negative groups compared with the other subgroups of breast cancer. The FLAD1 expression levels were higher in patients that were 21–40 years old than those in patients of other ages and were higher in the African-American group than in the Caucasian group. We also analyzed the FLAD1-related microRNAs and their prognostic values in breast cancer. This study highlights the significance of FLAD1 in cancers and provides evidence for its potential as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancers.
miR-182-5p Serves as an Oncogene in Lung Adenocarcinoma through Binding to STARD13
Authors: Wu Xuhui , Wang Wei , Wu Gongzhi , Peng CongXiong , Liu Jichun
Published: July 2021

Lung cancer as one of the commonest invasive malignancies is featured by high morbidity and mortality, wherein lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most prevalent subtype. Accumulating evidence exhibited that microRNAs are involved in LUAD occurrence and progression. In this study, miR-182-5p was observed to increase in both LUAD tissue and cell lines. Overexpression of miR-182-5p could prominently facilitate cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in LUAD. Through bioinformatics analysis, STARD13 was theorized as the target gene of miR-182-5p, which was lowly expressed in LUAD. Further molecular experiments manifested that miR-182-5p bound to the 3

′

-untranslated region of STARD13, and there was an inverse correlation between STARD13 and miR-182-5p in LUAD. Rescue experiments demonstrated that silencing STARD13 conspicuously restored the inhibitory effect of decreased miR-182-5p on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in LUAD. Together, our findings revealed novel roles of the miR-182-5p/STARD13 axis in LUAD progression.
The Interaction Effects of Suicidal Ideation and Childhood Abuse on Brain Structure and Function in Major Depressive Disorder Patients
Authors: Wang Wei , Kang Lijun , Zhang Nan , Guo Xin , Wang Peilin , Zong Xiaofen , Yao Lihua , Bai Hanping , Cheng Jing , Tu Ning , Feng Hongyan , Wang Gaohua , Bu Lihong , Wang Fei , Liu Zhongchun
Published: July 2021

Suicidal ideation (SI) is a direct risk factor for suicide in patients with depression. Regarding the emergence of SI, previous studies have discovered many risk factors, including childhood abuse as the major public problem. Previous imaging studies have demonstrated that SI or childhood abuse has effects on brain structure and function, respectively, but the interaction effects between them have not been fully studied. To explore the interaction effect between SI and childhood abuse, 215 patients with major depressive disorder completed the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire to evaluate childhood abuse and Beck’s Scale for Suicidal Ideation to evaluate SI. Then, they completed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) within one week after completing questionnaires. Respectively, we preprocessed the structural and functional images and analyzed gray matter volumes (GMV) and mean fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (mfALFF) values. Results showed that the changes of GMV in the cuneus, precuneus, paracentric lobule, inferior frontal gyrus, and caudate nucleus and local activity in cuneal and middle temporal gyrus are in relation with SI and childhood abuse. And in left caudate, SI and childhood abuse interact with each other on the influence of GMV. That is, the influence of SI in GMV was related to childhood abuse, and the influence of childhood abuse in GMV was also related to SI. Therefore, the combination of SI and childhood abuse based on imaging should help us better understand the suicide ideation developing mechanism and propose more effective targeted prevention strategies for suicide prevention.
[Retracted] Effect of Tool Profile Influence in Dissimilar Friction Stir Welding of Aluminium Alloys (AA5083 and AA7068)
Authors: Jayaprakash S. , Siva Chandran S. , Sathish T. , Gugulothu Bhiksha , Ramesh R. , Sudhakar M. , Subbiah Ram
Published: July 2021

Friction stir welding is an innovative welding process for similar and dissimilar joining of the materials effectively. FSW simply modified the grain structure and also improved the strength of the joints for any type of alloying elements. This experimental study planned to carry out the joining process for dissimilar materials such as aluminium alloys 5083 and 7068. Three different types of tools are involved to find the ultimate tensile strength and Vickers hardness. The tool types are straight cylindrical tool, taper cylindrical tool, and triangular tool. The process factors for this investigation are a rotational speed of 800, 1000, 1200, and 1400 rpm, welding speed of 30, 40, 50, and 60 mm/min, axial force of 3, 4, 5, and 6 kN, and plate thickness of 5, 6, 7, and 8 mm. The hardness value and the ultimate tensile strength were increased in the welding zone, which proves the effects of tool profiles are efficiently utilized.
Bioinformatics Analysis of the Molecular Mechanism and Potential Treatment Target of Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Meng Fanyan , Du Ningna , Xu Daoming , Kuai Li , Liu Lanying , Xiu Minning
Published: July 2021

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an autoimmune disease that mainly affects the spinal joints, sacroiliac joints, and adjacent soft tissues. We conducted bioinformatics analysis to explore the molecular mechanism related to AS pathogenesis and uncover novel potential molecular targets for the treatment of AS. The profiles of GSE25101, containing gene expression data extracted from the blood of 16 AS patients and 16 matched controls, were acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The background correction and standardization were carried out utilizing the transcript per million (TPM) method. After analysis of AS patients and the normal groups, we identified 199 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with upregulation and 121 DEGs with downregulation by the limma R package. The results of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway and Gene Ontology (GO) biological process enrichment analysis revealed that the DEGs with upregulation were mainly associated with spliceosome, ribosome, RNA-catabolic process, electron transport chain, etc. And the DEGs with downregulation primarily participated in T cell-associated pathways and processes. After analysis of the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, our data revealed that the hub genes, comprising MRPL13, MRPL22, LSM3, COX7A2, COX7C, EP300, PTPRC, and CD4, could be the treatment targets in AS. Our data furnish new hints to uncover the features of AS and explore more promising treatment targets towards AS.
Investigating the Short‐Circuit Problem Using the Planarity Index of Complex q‐Rung Orthopair Fuzzy Planar Graphs
Authors: Hussain Abrar , Alsanad Ahmed , Ullah Kifayat , Ali Zeeshan , Jamil Muhammad Kamran , Mosleh Mogeeb A. A.
Published: July 2021

Planar graphs play an effective role in many practical applications where the crossing of edges becomes problematic. This paper aims to investigate the complex q‐rung orthopair fuzzy (CQROF) planar graphs (CQROFPGs). In a CQROFPG, the nodes and edges are based on complex QROF information that represents the uncertain knowledge in the range of unit circles in terms of complex numbers. The motivation in discussing such a topic is the wide flexibility of QROF information in the expression of uncertain knowledge compared to intuitionistic and Pythagorean fuzzy settings. We discussed the complex QROF graphs (CQROFGs), complex QROF multigraphs (CQROFMGs), and related terms followed by examples. Furthermore, the notion of strength and planarity index (PI) of the CQROFPGs is defined and exemplified followed by a study of strong and weak edges. We further defined the notion of complex QROF face (CQROFF) and complex QROF dual graph (CQROFDG) and exemplified these concepts. A study of isomorphism, coweak and weak isomorphism, is set up, and some results relating to the CQROFPG and isomorphisms are explored using examples. Furthermore, the problem of short circuits that results due to crossing is discussed because of the proposed study where an algorithm based on complex QROF (CQROF) information is presented for reducing the crossing in networks. Some advantages of the projected study over the previous study are observed, and some future study is predicted.
Analysis and Monitoring Technology of Upper Seam Mining in Multiunderlayer Goaf
Authors: Liang Han , Li Pengfei , Cao Chen
Published: July 2021

Based on the background of close coal seam mining in the Qianjiaying coal mine, Tangshan, China, the feasibility of the upper seam mining in complex underlaying goaf is analysed using the roof caving analysis and numerical method. The deformation of the mining seam and roadways is monitored and analysed by field measurement and 3D laser scanning. The deformation characteristics of #5 seam after mining 1378P, 2071P, 2072P, and 2091P working panels with a depth of 39–54 m below the #5 seam are analysed using roof caving analysis and numerical method. Results show that the maximum deformation of #5 seam in the superimposed area of the lower goafs reaches 2.5 m and the maximum deformation in the single coal goaf is 1.5 m. The maximum seam inclination is 1.9°. The subsidence of the floor of 1359P roadways is obtained by field measurement, and the result is consistent with numerical calculation. ZEB‐HORIZON 3D laser scanner was used to measure and model the roadway deformation. Based on the analysis of multiple scanning data, the deformation of the 1359P roadways was obtained. Results show that the deformation of the surrounding rock of the roadway is not great, the maximum displacement of the roof fall is 30 mm, and the maximum rib convergence is 25 mm. It can be concluded that the #5 seam can be recovered in this complex underlying lower seams’ mining condition.
Development of a Monitoring and Management System for Nonheritage Tourist Attractions Based on Mobile GIS and Multisensor Technology
Authors: Zu Enhou , Shu MingHung , Huang JuiChan , Wu TzuJung , Hsu ChihWei , Chang YuanChieh
Published: July 2021

With the rapid development of the tourism industry, how to monitor scenic spots and tourists in real time has become an issue. This paper mainly describes the development of a monitoring and management system for scenic spots of intangible cultural heritage based on Mobile GIS and multisensor technology. The monitoring system adopts the idea of structured programming, which reduces the coupling degree of various components and promotes the expansion of system functions. The shortest path module uses the scenic spot management subsystem on the PC. The scenic spot manager enters the distance between adjacent scenic spots that can be directly reached into the system database and then uses the shortest path algorithm, Dijkstra algorithm, to calculate. Asynchronous Socket programming mechanisms are used to implement communication capabilities, the XML markup language is selected as the system’s data exchange protocol, and the DHT11 digital temperature and humidity sensor is used to obtain humidity information around ancient buildings. A Mobile GIS reader of an ancient building in a scenic spot sends a request to connect to a server. The listener is the communication interface between the server software and the reader. It is responsible for parsing the transmitted data and storing it in the database. The CC2430 chip is used to wear on tourists. When tourist nodes and guide nodes enter the scenic spot, they join the network to query the density of the entire scenic spot and upload real-time information. In terminal query, the average response time of real-time location query is 2S. The average initial response time for historical location queries is about 3S. The results show that the visualization services provided by software development can intuitively and accurately display the flow and density of scenic spots, providing a scientific reference for carrying capacity and flow management of scenic spots.