bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An ethnobotanical study on wild plants used by Tibetan people in Gyirong valley, Tibet, China
Authors: Guo Chang-An , Ding Xiaoyong , Hu Huabin , Zhang Yu , Yang Huizhao , Wang Yuhua
Published: October 2022

Background: Gyirong valley is known as the “Back Garden of the Himalayas” and is located in the core area of the Everest National Nature Reserve. Gyirong is also one of the important ports from ancient Tibet to Kathmandu, Nepal. Over the years, the Tibetans of Gyirong had accumulated sufficient traditional knowledge about local plant resources. However, there is almost no comprehensive report available on ethnobotanical knowledge about the local people. The purposes of this study were to (1) conduct a comprehensive study of WEPs used by Tibetan people in Gyirong valley, document the traditional knowledge associated with wild useful plants, and (2) evaluate species with important cultural significance to Tibetan people of Gyirong Valley.
Methods: Ethnobotanical data were documented through free listings, key informant interviews, and semi-structured interviews during fieldwork. The culture importance index (CI), and the informant consensus factor index (FIC) were used as quantitative indices.
Results: In total, 120 informants (61 women and 59 men) and 3,333 use reports and 111 wild plant species belonging to 39 families and 81 genera were included. These use reports were then classified into 27 categories belonging to 3 major categories. The use category that contained the most plant species was edible plants (62), followed by medicinal plants (32), and other uses (71). Plants with high CI included Allium prattii, Neopicrorhiza scrophulariiflora, Gymnadenia orchidis, Rhododendron anthopogon, Fritillaria cirrhosa. There are 36 species of plants in the catalog of Gyirong and Yadong were the same, but only 17 species were the same in Gyirong and Burang. There were only 11 overlapping species between all the three regions.
Conclusion: Tibetans of Gyirong have rich and unique knowledge about plant use, and wild edible and medicinal plants play an important role in the nutrition and health protection of local people. There is a higher proportion of ritual plants and wooden bowl handicraft plants in Gyirong. However, traditional knowledge is slowly being lost and is being hit by modern tourism. In the future, more attention needs to be paid to the important role of traditional knowledge in biodiversity conservation.
The Great Synergistic Performance for Adjunction of ACR TI-RADS and Color Flow Imaging Vascularity Scoring in Predicting Malignant Thyroid Nodules
Authors: Khider Mohamed Omer , Ayad Caroline Edward , Gareeballah Awadia , Alshoabi Sultan Abdulwadoud , Gameraddin Moawia , Elzaki Maisa , Alsharif Walaa , Alsultan Kamal D.
Published: October 2022

Purpose: To investigate the diagnostic performance of Color Doppler Flow Imaging (CFI) vascularity score in comparison to the ACR TI-RADS for prediction of malignancy in thyroid nodules (TNs).
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional prospective study design was used. Patients underwent thyroid ultrasound imaging for TNs which classified the TNs using ACR TI-RADS and CFI vascularity score. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was applied to compare between the CFI vascularity score and ACR TI-RADS.
Results:A total of 222 patients participated in this study, 76.6% of them were female, with a mean age of 44.73 ± 13.31 years (range, 18 to 85). Ultrasound imaging classified TNs as: (TI-RADS 4= 41%), (TI-RADS 5=30.6%), and (TI-RADS 3= 28.4%). TNs of TIRADS 3, 4, and 5 and with CFI vascularity score category 1 were100% benign, and TNs of TIRADS 3, 4, and 5 and with CFI vascularity score category 4 were malignant in 82.5%, 91.3%, 100%, respectively, (p<0.001). A significant difference in the area under ROC curve among CFI vascularity scores and ACR TI-RADS was found. CFI vascularity showed sensitivity of 85.2%, specificity of 86.8%, PPV of 86% and NPV of 86.1%, in prediction malignancy in TNs, where CFI scores>2. However, the ACR TI-RADS showed sensitivity 57.4%, specificity 94.7%, PPV 91.2% and NPV 70.1% in prediction malignancy, in ACR TI-RADS ≥ 4, (p<0.001).
Conclusion:Combining CFI vascularity score and TI-RADS can be consider as a safe and non-invasive diagnostic method for accurate risk stratification of TNs and can resolve the gap in follicular TNs.
Identification and Validation of Hub Genes and Pathways in the Stenosis of Arteriovenous Fistula
Authors: Li Yu , Cui Wenhao , Wang Jukun , Chen Xin , Zhang Chao , Zhu Linzhong , Bian Chunjing , Luo Tao
Published: October 2022

Background and Purpose
Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the most widely used hemodialysis vascular access in China. However, stenosis of AVF limited its use. Moreover, the mechanism of AVF stenosis is currently unknown. Therefore, the purpose of our study is to explore the mechanisms of AVF stenosis.
Materials and Methods
In this study, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) based on Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset (GSE39488) between venous segments of overflowing of AVF and normal veins. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were performed for the functional annotation of DEGs. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was created to identify the hub genes of AVF stenosis. Combining the results of GSEA and PPI network analysis, along with analyses from other literatures, FOS and NR4A2 were selected as the target genes to be further investigated. Finally, we validated the bioinformatics results with reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and western blot analysis on human and rat samples, respectively.
Results
Six hub genes (FOS, NR4A2, EGR2, CXCR4, ATF3, and SERPINE1) were found by bioinformatics analysis. Additionally, the expression levels of mRNA and protein of FOS and NR4A2 were upregulated in both human and rat samples.
Conclusions
In summary, the results suggested that FOS may play an important role in AVF stenosis by activating MAPK signaling pathway, which could be a potential therapeutic target of AVF stenosis.
Does the addition of luteal function support drug benefit pregnancy and perinatal outcome in modified natural cycle frozen thawed embryo transfer in women under the age of 35- year-old?
Authors: Zhang Wen , Ren Bingnan , Wu Sheling , Zhang Wenjuan , Guan Yichun , Du Xiaofang , wang bijun
Published: October 2022

Background:In the freeze-thaw embryo transfer, the use of best luteal phase support protocols is continuously being discussed, especially in the natural cycles. Previous comparisons of luteal phase support protocols in natural cycles focused on pregnancy outcome, with less attention to perinatal outcome. Thus, convincing conclusion about which protocol is more appropriate could not be drawn. At the same time, with increasing luteal support drugs, the benefit of using these drugs also needs evidence.
Methods: The clinical data of 3658 mNC-FET cycles in the Reproductive Center of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2018 to December 2020 with the participants’ age of less than or equal to 35 years old，were retrospectively analyzed. The cycles were divided into three groups based on luteal phase support protocols used. The patients received a combination of progesterone soft capsule and dydrogesterone in the group A (882 cycles), the patients received dydrogesterone in the group B (627cycles), and the patients received a combination of progesterone vaginal sustained-release gel and dydrogesterone in the group C (2149 cycles). Pregnancy and perinatal outcomes in the group A, group B, and group C were compared.
Results: HCG positive rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and implantation rate were higher in the group B than in the groups A and C （67.30% vs. 57.37% and 61.05%; 64.43% vs. 55.67 % and 57.88 %; 54.83 % vs 42.70 % and 45.92 %）. The 12-week pregnancy rate and live birth rate in the group B were higher than those in the group A （56.30% vs. 49.55%；53.26% vs. 46.83%）. There were no significant differences in newborn weight, premature delivery rate, pregnancy complications rate, and incidence of birth defects among the three groups. Logistic regression analyses showed that three different luteal phase support regimens were not associated with live birth rate （0R 95% CI B VS. A=1.23，P=0.056；0R 95%CI B VS. A=1.07，P=0.374）.
Conclusions: In the mNC-FET cycle, patients younger than or equal to 35 years of age, who chose dydrogesterone alone as luteal support drug, had no difference in live birth rate and perinatal outcome between progesterone soft capsules or progesterone vaginal sustained-release gel combined with dydrogesterone, but the outcome still needs to be confirmed by large sample prospective studies.
Genetic Diversity of Avocado (Persea americana Mill) From Southern Ethiopia Using SSR Markers
Authors: Degu Hewan Demissie , Tadesse Almaz , Kalousova Marie
Published: October 2022

Background: Avocados are a cash crop in Ethiopia. However, its genetic diversity has not been investigated. This study explored the genetic diversity of avocados in southern Ethiopia using SSR markers.
Method and Result: One hundred nine avocado trees were sampled in sixteen districts. One hundred forty alleles were detected across the 12 loci. The average number of alleles per locus was 11.7. The average expected and observed heterozygosity was 0.63 ± 0.12 and 0.48 ±0.19, respectively. All loci showed a significant deviation from HWE. The analysis of molecular variance showed that about 5% of the variation was among the sixteen populations. Pairwise comparisons of population FST values revealed a lack of genetic differentiation for seven out of 48 paired comparisons. UPGMA based on Nie and Li similarity index, classified the genotypes into three major classes with 100 and 53 bootstrap values. Genetic distance analyses showed a mixing of avocado trees from different districts. DAPC divided the tree samples into three groups, while the model-based STRUCTURE subdivided the tree samples into two major genetic clusters.
Conclusion: Moderate diversity was detected in the analyzed avocado germplasm. These imply, the germplasms are a valuable source of alleles for genetic improvement in Ethiopia. The mixing of avocado trees from different districts observed in UPGMA tree, DAPC, and STRUCTURE analysis. This indicated strong gene flow among the avocado populations. There is, however, significant variation among the tree populations from different districts to be used in the avocado breeding program.
Ecological niche modelling approach for climate suitability of spineless cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill.) in semi-arid and arid regions of India
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Dikshit Nilamani , Sivaraj Natarajan , Govindasamy Prabhu , Palsaniya Dana Ram , Louhaichi Mounir , Hassan Sawan , Liguori Giorgia , Kumar Prashant
Published: October 2022

Spineless cactus pear [Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill.] is a promising subtropical non-conventional fodder crop in India. Ecological niche modelling studies using the maximum entropy approach has been used to assess the suitable cactus growing regions in India. The dataset for cactus pear presence locations was obtained from various centres. WorldClim dataset representing current and future climate was downloaded from http:// www.worldclim.org. The cactus presence locations dataset and WorldClim dataset were used with Maximum entropy (MaxEnt) modelling to generate the climate suitability map to show potential growing sites in India. The generated maps indicated that potential regions for the cultivation of cactus exist in several states of India viz., Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Delhi, Haryana, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Odisha, and Uttar Pradesh. The outcome of the study would help in managing cactus pear genetic resources in the country to meet the challenges of climate change and fodder production.
Alternating iterative coupling of hydrological and hydrodynamic models applied to Lingjiang river basin, China
Authors: Liu Miao , Ding Yongsheng , Shen Zeyu , Kong Qiao
Published: October 2022

The increasing frequency of extreme-weather flood events is attributable to climate change. In addition to constructing basic water conservancy facilities, predicting the flood inundation range is important for preemptively reducing the flood risk and guiding the formulation of government policies. Conventionally, flood routing simulation based on two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation is applied. However, the hydrological method has inherent advantages, which can be leveraged to realize information exchange. In 2019, Typhoon Lekima caused a severe flood disaster in Taizhou, China and large-scale inundation in residential areas. In this study, this event is hydrologically and hydrodynamically modeled using HEC-WAT and other HEC platform software. Loose coupling and tight coupling are conducted via different coupling methods, and the differences between the two modeling methods are compared. It is found that tight coupling utilizes the dynamic interaction mechanism of the hydrological and hydrodynamic models, which reduces the simulation error. Similarly, the flood problem in the Taizhou area is analyzed. The two-dimensional flood routing simulation results show that the flood flows in the plain areas along the bank are within the flood area, the maximum depth of inundation in the area reaches 17.0 m, and the water level reaches 11 m. The comparative simulations show that the alternating iterative coupling of hydrological and hydrodynamic can improve the accuracy of the model simulation results.
IL-37 regulates glycolysis by inhibiting GLUT1 expression in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhao Li , Wang Peng , Chen Wen , Zhu Mingxue , Wang Yushan , Ma Cuiping , Mu Xiaofeng , Wang Ye
Published: October 2022

Aerobic glycolysis is the most classical pathway in tumor metabolic reprogramming. Aerobic glycolysis has been found in several studies to have an essential role in lung adenocarcinoma progression. Interleukin 37 (IL-37) has an important protective role in lung cancer. The mechanism by which glycolysis in lung adenocarcinoma is affected by IL-37 has not been clarified. Using qRT-PCR and western blot, we uncovered that GLUT1 expression was significantly higher in A549 cells than in BEAS-2B cells. GLUT1 expression was decreased in A549 cells treated with rhIL-37. Also, glucose uptake and lactic acid production were significantly reduced in A549 cells treated with 6uM BAY-876 (GLUT1 specific inhibitor). GLUT1 expression in A549 cells in this study was not inhibited by intracellular overexpression of IL-37. Glucose uptake and lactic acid production may be inhibited by extracellular IL-37 by inhibiting GLUT1 expression. Therefore, IL-37 has a role in glucose metabolism in lung adenocarcinoma cells.
Reliability of Clinical Examination Methods for Pain in Periapical Periodontitis
Authors: Eyüboğlu Tan Firat , Kim Hyeon Cheol
Published: October 2022

Objectives: This study aimed to compare pain intensity levels of a tooth at rest and in function, and percussion and chewingtests to verify a reliable clinical test method.
Materials and Methods: A total of 36 asymptomatic necrotic teeth that required root canal treatment, one in each patient, were included. The entire treatment procedure was performed during a single visit by an experienced endodontist. Patients were asked to mark their pain levels on a vertical visual analog scale (VAS) while the relevant tooth was at rest and during function 24 h after the treatment. In addition, patients were asked to mark their pain levels on the same VAS after the clinical tests of percussion and chewing. Finally, the pain levels were compared using Pearson’s correlation for the reliability of the test methods at a significance level of 95%.
Results: The postoperative pain levels measured during the clinical tests and functions were significantly higher than the pain levels at rest (p<0.05). The pain levels by percussion were significantly higher than that during the function and chewing tests (p<0.05). Pain intensity during the function was simulated with a higher correlation using the chewing strip method rather than the percussion method.
Conclusions: According to this study, a bite test using chewing strips as a pain intensity assessment can mimic the actual postoperative pain experience, whereas percussion tests fail.
Clinical relevance: The pain intensity levels determined by the bite test using chewing strips may provide reliable clinical signs similar to actual pain levels.
Trends in the quality of care for acute chest pain after chest pain center accreditation
Authors: Hou Shuang , An Ning , Liu Meina
Published: October 2022

Background:Chest pain centers (CPCs) have become important for improving the quality of care for acute chest pain. However, no study has shown whether adherence to guidelines continuously improvesin CPCs after certification.
Objectives:We aimed to analyze trends in quality indicator (QI) compliance rates of Chinese CPCs between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2018.
Methods: We drew a time series stacked area plot of compliance rates forQIs to describe the change in their cumulative value over time. Next, we selected the time points with the most remarkable change in the stacked area plot as the breakpoints and constructed an interrupted time series (ITS) design for analysis. Significant ITS results indicated that the breakpoints had effects on the trend. We then estimated the average monthly percent change (AMPC) using joinpoint regression analysis.
Results: We found an unexpected downward trend in the cumulative compliance rates for the nine QIs assessed between the 12thand 13th months and between the 24thand 25th months. The trends of QI1‒5 showed a continuously increasing change. QI6‒8 showed an increasing trend in the middle and late periods of the study; QI9 showed an increasing trend in the early period.
Conclusions:This study demonstrated a trend toward continued improvement in quality of care in CPCs after certification. Accreditation should focus on the coordination and management of cross-cutting clinical issues, while not neglecting the accuracy of timely diagnosis.
Genome-wide association analysis and validation with KASP markers for nut and shell traits in almond (Prunus dulcis [Mill.] D.A.Webb).
Authors: Sideli Gina , Mather Diane , Wirthensohn Michelle , Dicenta Federico , Goonetilleke Shashi N , Martinez-Garcia Pedro Jose , Gradziel Thomas M
Published: October 2022

Almond shell hardness is an economically important quality trait that protects the integrity of the kernel. It is directly related with shelling or crack-out percent. In the U.S. and Australian markets, soft to semi-hard shells varieties have been used in the industry, while in the European market, hard shells are dominantly sold and distributed. The origin of a hard shell is from wild almond species. Soft shells in the U.S. and Australia have been selected for a higher crack-out percent or larger kernel and ease of processing. Here we examined breeding populations totaling 264 trees that were genotyped with genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) where shell hardness was measured with a texture analyzer, and shell weight, in-shell weights, and shell thickness were measured and crack-out percent was calculated. In a genome-wide association seven genetic loci were found to be associated with shell hardness, crack-out percent, shell thickness and shell weight. Of these seven, one was shared between multiple traits. Kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) assays were developed and tested in unrelated breeding lines from Australia, Spain, France and Italy. One KASP assay was found to be highly predictive of shell hardness in this diverse panel and can be applied for use in marker-assisted breeding.
Differential expression of SLC30A10 and RAGE in mouse pups by early life lead exposure
Authors: Li Ning , Wen Liuding , Shen Yue , Li Tiange , Wang Tianlin , Qiao Mingwu , Song Lianjun , Huang Xianqing
Published: October 2022

It is well known that SLC30A10 and RAGE play a crucial role in regulating the transport and accumulation of Aβ plaques. Our previous studies have shown that early exposure to lead can cause cerebral damage to pups due to the accumulation of Aβ and the deposition of amyloid plaques. However, the effect of lead on the protein expression levels of SLC30A10 and RAGE remains unclear. This study aimed to verify that maternal exposure to lead-containing drinking water during pregnancy would affect the expression of SLC30A10 and RAGE proteins in mice offspring, further verifying the lead-induced neurotoxicity. Four groups of mice were exposed to 0 mM, 0.25 mM, 0.5 mM, and 1 mM of lead for 42 consecutive days from pregnancy to weaning, and the offspring mice were tested on postnatal day 21. The levels of lead in the blood, hippocampus, and cerebral cortex were examined; the learning and memory abilities of the mice were investigated using the Morris water maze; the expression levels of SLC30A10 and RAGE in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex were examined using Western blotting and immunofluorescence. The results showed that the lead concentration in the brain and blood of the mice increased along with the lead content of the mothers during the lead exposure period (P < 0.05). In the Morris water maze test, the spatial memory of the lead exposure group was lower than that of the control group (P < 0.05). Both Immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis showed that the hippocampal and cerebral cortex of the offspring were proportionally affected by differential levels of lead exposure. The expression levels of SLC30A10 were negatively correlated with lead doses (P < 0.05). Surprisingly, under the same conditions, the expression of RAGE in the hippocampus and cortex of offspring was positively correlated with lead doses (P < 0.05). SLC30A10 may play a differential role in aggravated Aβ accumulation and transportation compared with RAGE. A difference in RAGE and SLC30A10 expression in the brain could contribute to lead-induced neurotoxicity.
Machine learning research of bulimia nervosa based on diffusion tensor image
Authors: Zheng Linli , Jing Ma , Wang Yu , Wang Meiou , Liu Yang , Li Jin , Li Tao , Zhang Lan
Published: October 2022

Background
Bulimia nervosa is a type of eating disorder characterized by recurrent, uncontrollable, impulsive binge eating. No previous study selected diffusion tensor imaging as data features to conduct machine learning research on the diagnosis of bulimia nervosa. We tried to use machine learning methods to study the diagnosis of this disease and explore neurobiological markers .
Methods
This retrospective study examined 34 patients with bulimia nervosa and 34 healthy subjects. The selected characteristics were Fractional Anisotropy (FA), Axial Diffusivity (AD), Radial Diffusivity (RD) and Mean Diffusivity (MD). we used machine learning methods of support vector machines to distinguish bulimia nervosa and healthy controls.
Results
A total of 5 machine learning models were constructed. Classification effect of FA model and FA + MD + AD + RD model were acceptable. FA model classification effect was the best. The machine learning results of the five models were as follows: the area under the Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve of the FA model was 0.821, and the different brain regions were brainstem, temporal lobe, frontal lobe, inferior occipital gyrus, midbrain, middle frontal gyrus and caudate nucleus; MD model curve The lower area was 0.689, and the difference brain areas were posterior cerebellar lobe, frontal lobe, precentral gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, parietal lobe, superior frontal gyrus and paracentral lobule; the area under the AD model curve was 0.621, and the difference brain areas were cerebellar tonsil, cerebellar Stem, inferior frontal gyrus, midbrain, frontal lobe, precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, middle frontal gyrus and medial frontal gyrus; the area under the curve of the RD model was 0.625, and the difference brain regions were posterior cerebellum, midbrain, and middle frontal gyrus, precentral gyrus, frontal lobe, postcentral gyrus, superior frontal gyrus and medial frontal gyrus; the area under the curve of the FA + MD + AD + RD model was 0.739.
Conclusions
This study suggested that using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging machine learning, it could distinguish between bulimia nervosa and healthy subjects and find neurobiological markers.
Fe 3 O 4 and bimetal–organic framework Zn/Mg composites peroxides- like catalyze luminol chemiluminescence for specific measurement of atropine in Datura plant
Authors: mahmoudi Shaida , chaichi Mohamad Javad , Shamsipur Mojtaba , Nazari Ome Leila , SamadiMaybodi Abdolrauf
Published: October 2022

Atropine(AT) is a tropane alkaloid used as an anticholinergic drug. This substance is abundantly found in Datura plant seeds. In this work, Zn/Mg bimetallic MOF was integrated with Fe3O4, and Fe3O4@Zn/Mg MOF(Fe3O4@MOF) composite was synthesized. This compound has a high peroxidase-like activity based on the chemiluminescence (CL) reaction. The synergistic effect of Zn, Fe, and Mg metals in the Fenton reaction causes the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS), resulting in high CL intensity. Addition of AT quenching CL and thus AT can be measured. The linear range and limit of detection(LOD) of this method for measuring AT standard solution are 3-600µgL− 1 and 10 − 4µgL− 1, respectively. This method is easy, fast, reversible, selective, without biodegradability effects, low cost, high accuracy, and precision for measuring AT in the Datura plant.
Parotid’s Intranodal palisaded myofibroblastoma: a very rare tumour: A case report
Authors: Rizkou Fatima Ezzahra , Rochdi Youssef , Oulghoul Omar , Benhoummad Othmane. , Raji Abdelaziz.
Published: October 2022

Background: intranodal palisaded myofibroblastoma is a rare benign tumor of the lymph nodes, arises from smooth muscle cells or myofibroblast almost always in the inguinal lymph nodes. There are no typical pathognomonic clinical and radiological features outlining multiple deferential diagnoses.
Case presentation: We, therefor report a rare case recurrent intranodal palisaded myofibroblastoma arising in the felt parotid gland in 53 year-old male patient, diagnosed by anatomopathological and immunopathological analysis.
Conclusion: described as benigntumor intranodal palisaded myofibroblastoma is scarce myofibroblastic neoplasm of the lymph nodes.Histological and immunopathological features are the determining factors of diagnostic of this favorable prognosis tumor.
Title Of the Article: Point of care gastric ultrasound to predict aspiration in patients undergoing urgent endotracheal intubation in the emergency medicine department.
Authors: Asokan Reshma , Bhardwaj Bharat Bhushan , Agrawal Naman , Chauhan Udit , Pillai Aadya , Shankar Takshak , Lalneiruol D. J , Baid Himanshi , Chawang Hannah , Patel Sanket Mukeshkumar
Published: October 2022

Background:
One significant cause of morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing endotracheal intubation is the aspiration of gastric contents. Its prevalence is more in the emergency than in elective settings. Point-of-care gastric ultrasound (GUS) is a non-invasive bedside ultrasonogram that provides both qualitative and quantitative information about the stomach contents. The diagnostic accuracy of GUS in terms of gastric parameters (measured antral diameters, antral cross-sectional area, and calculated gastric volume) to predict aspiration is yet unknown. We aim to determine this in the patients undergoing urgent emergency intubation (UEI) in the emergency department.
Methodology:
A prospective observational study was conducted at the emergency department of a tertiary healthcare center in India. Patients requiring UEI were identified and a bedside gastric ultrasound was done in the right lateral decubitus position using low frequency curved array probe. The qualitative data and the antral diameters (anteroposterior and craniocaudal) were assessed. The patient's clinical parameters and history regarding the last meal were noted. The cross-sectional area of gastric antrum was calculated using CSA = (AP×CC) π/4. The gastric volume is estimated using Perla's formula: GV = 27.0+14.6(RLD CSA) –1.28(age).
Results:
A hundred patients requiring urgent endotracheal intubation were enrolled in the study. Visible aspiration was more in participants with a distended gastric status (χ2=16.880, p=<0.001). The median gastric volume in the patients who aspirated was 146.37mL, and it ranged from 111.59mL-201.01mL. Using ROC analysis, a cut-off of CC diameter ≥2.35cm (sensitivity 88%, specificity 91%) and AP diameter ≥5.15cm (sensitivity 88%, specificity 87%) predicts aspiration. A calculated USG CSA cut-off ≥9.27cm² (sensitivity 100%, specificity 87%) and an USG gastric volume ≥111.594mL (sensitivity 100%, a specificity 92%) predicts aspiration.
Conclusion:
Point-of-care gastric ultrasound is an useful non-invasive bedside tool for risk stratification for aspiration in busy emergency rooms. We present threshold gastric antral parameters that can be used to predict aspiration along with its diagnostic accuracy. This can help the treating ED physician take adequate precautions, decide on intubation techniques and treatment modifications to aid in better patient management.
Hexavalent chromium causes centrosome amplification by inhibiting the binding between TMOD2 and NPM2
Authors: Zhao Meng Lu , Wang Jia Xin , Bian Xue Kai , Zhang Jun , Han Ya Wen , Xu Si Xian , Lee Shao Chin , Zhao Ji Zhong
Published: October 2022

Background

Hexavalent chromium can promote centrosome amplification (CA) as well as tumorigenesis. Since CA can lead to tumorigenesis, it is plausible that the chromium promotes the development of cancer via CA. In the present study, we investigated the signaling pathways of the chromium-induced CA.

Results

Our results showed that sub-toxic concentration of chromium was able to cause CA in HCT116 cells, and decreased the expression of TMOD2 and NPM2. Furthermore, TMOD2 and NPM2 interacted to each other via their C-terminal and the N-terminal, respectively, which was inhibited by the chromium. Overexpression of TMOD2 and NPM2 increased their binding and significantly attenuated the CA. Moreover, TMOD2 and NPM2 were co-localized with the centrosomes. The chromium inhibited the centrosomeal localization of NPM2, which is reversed by the overexpression of TMOD2, C-termianl of TMOD2, but not the N-terminal of NPM2.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that the chromium induces CA via inhibiting the binding between TMOD2 and NPM2, and the dissociation of NPM2 from centrosomes.
A bibliometric analysis to explore sentiment analysis in the domain of social media research
Authors: Dahish Zahra , Miah Shah J
Published: October 2022

Businesses use sentiment analysis in different ways for generating market or consumer insights to improve their performance. Existing sentiment analysis studies related to social media research have been significant due to the fact of their rapidly growing potential, as this type of analysis of social media content represents immense benefits. It is imperative to explore the need for such analysis to delineate the trend holistically for knowledge landscaping purposes. The study addresses the research gap through a comprehensive bibliometric review of 523 research articles published in the Scopus database (between 2018 and 2022) to discern the performance, content, and thematic analysis. We adopt an automated bibliometric study approach using the R-tool- biblioshiny for generating and presenting outcomes. Finding points on the vital usages of sentiment analysis such as innovation, transparency, and improved efficiency. It also highlights the uniqueness of sentiment analysis for synthesizing social media content to examine various aspects such as the knowledge-domain map that detects author collaboration networks as well as journal relationships.
Breast cancer prognostic signature associated with DNA damage response-related genes
Authors: Xu Jiali , Wang Long , Wang Jing , Yue Jian , Feng Rui , Wang Shuai , Zhang Xue , Li Hongzhong , Ren Guosheng , Cheng Qiao
Published: October 2022

Background
DNA damage response plays a key role in maintaining genomic integrity,which leads to breast cancer (BRCA). But the combined activities of numerous DNA damage response-related genes (DDR genes) are unknown.The purpose of this study was to ascertain the link between breast cancer prognosis and DDR genes.
Results
The data files were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). A prognostic risk score model including DDR genes was created utilizing LASSO and univariate Cox regression analysis.On the basis of DDR risk model,high-risk samples were found to meet a worse prognosis in the TCGA cohort as well as in the GEO cohort .According to the "pRRophetic" R package, low-risk samples were more sensitive to Doxorubicin and Bleomycin,while high-risk samples were more sensitive to Rapamycin. Given the correlations between prognostic risk scoring models, tumor microenvironment (TME) characteristics, and Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) outcomes, the high-risk group of the DDR risk model more sensitivity to immunotherapy,which leads to an instructional treatment for BRCA patients.
Conclusions
In this study,we found that DDR genes can be utilized as crucial factors to estimate prognosis in BRCA patients.
The Envelope Proteins from SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV Potently Reduce the Infectivity of Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1)
Authors: Henke Wyatt , Waisner Hope , Arachchige Sachith Polpitiya , Kalamvoki Maria , Stephens Edward
Published: October 2022

Background: Viroporins are virally encoded ion channels involved in virus assembly and release. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and influenza A virus encode for viroporins. The human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 encodes for at least two viroporins, a small 75 amino acid transmembrane protein known as the envelope (E) protein and a larger 275 amino acid protein known as Orf3a. Here, we compared the replication of HIV-1 in the presence of four different β-coronavirus E proteins.
Results: We observed that the SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV E proteins reduced the release of infectious HIV-1 yields by approximately 100-fold while MERS-CoV or HCoV-OC43 E proteins restricted HIV-1 infectivity to a lesser extent. Mechanistically, neither reverse transcription nor mRNA synthesis was involved in the restriction. We also show that all four E proteins caused phosphorylation of eIF2-α at similar levels and that lipidation of LC3-I could not account for the differences in restriction. However, the level of caspase 3 activity in transfected cells correlated with HIV-1 restriction in cells. Finally, we show that unlike the Vpu protein of HIV-1, the four E proteins did not significantly down-regulate bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 (BST-2).
Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that while viroporins from homologous viruses can enhance virus release, we show that a viroporin from a heterologous virus can suppress HIV-1 protein synthesis and release of infectious virus.
Pingchuan formula and its separated recipes improve airway remodeling via regulation of the NLRP3/IL-1β axis in asthmatic mice
Authors: Xu Wanchao , Lu Zhenyu , Liu Xiao min , Wu Ruifeng , Cao Lan , Chen Lina , Chen Siyu , Zhuang Cheng , Yu Jianer
Published: October 2022

Objective
To investigate the role of Pingchuan formula (PCF) and its separated recipes (QYF and HTF) in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthmatic mouse model and explore its possible mechanisms.
Methods
A bronchial asthma mouse model was established using the ovalbumin excitation method. Distilled saline (for Sham group) and drugs (for DEX or PCF, QYF, HTF group) were administered by gavage immediately after the excitation. Mice were sacrificed after 61 days treatment. Lung tissue sections were stained with haemotoxylin and eosin and Masson's trichrome. The concentrations of interleukins (IL)-1β, -18, and TGF-β in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of NLRP3 and caspase-1 was determined by immunohistochemistry, Western blot and Real-time PCR. Moreover, the levels of JNK, p-JNK, MMP-9, N-cadherin, E-cadherin, and T-NC were determined by Western blot.
Results
The asthma model was successfully established and the PCF, QYF, and HTF treatments effectively reduced lung tissue inflammation and deposition of airway collagen fibers. It was also observed that PCF significantly inhibited the release of IL-1β, -18, and TGF-β in BALF. Meanwhile, the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, p-JNK, MMP-9, N-cadherin, and T-NC were markedly downregulated while E-cadherin was upregulated in the lung tissue of asthmatic mice.
Conclusions
These findings demonstrated that PCF and its separated recipes attenuate OVA‐induced pulmonary inflammation and promoted airway remodeling in mice via inhibiting NLRP3/IL-1β in asthma.
Sketching the Krylov Subspace: Faster Computation of the Entire Ridge Regularization Path
Authors: Wang Yifei , Pilanci Mert
Published: October 2022

We propose a fast algorithm for computing the entire ridge regression regularization path in nearly linear time. Our method constructs a basis on which the solution of ridge regression can be computed instantly for any value of the regularization parameter. Consequently, linear models can be tuned via cross-validation or other risk estimation strategies with substantially better efficiency. The algorithm is based on iteratively sketching the Krylov subspace with a binomial decomposition over the regularization path. We provide a convergence analysis with various sketching matrices and show that it improves the state-of-the-art computational complexity. We also provide a technique to adaptively estimate the sketching dimension. This algorithm works for both the over-determined and under-determined problems. We also provide an extension for matrix-valued ridge regression. The numerical results on real medium and large scale ridge regression tasks illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method compared to standard baselines which require super-linear computational time.
Real-world data no the incidence of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in patients with advanced thoracic cancer during the early phase of the pandemic in Japan
Authors: Fukuda Akito , Yoshida Tatsuya , Yagishita Shigehiro , Shiotsuka Mika , Kobayashi Osamu , Iwata Satoshi , Umeguchi Hitomi , Yanagida Maatoshi , Yasuhiro Irino , Masuda ken , Shinnno Yuki , Okuma Yusuke , Goto Yasushi , Horinouchi Hidehito , Hamada Akinobu , Yamamoto Noboru , Ohe Yuichiro
Published: October 2022

The severity and asscociated mortality of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are higher in patients with thoracic cancer than in healthy populations and those with other cancer types. Here, we investigated real-world data on the incidence of COVID-19 and false-negative cases using severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) testing in patients with thoracic cancer. We retrospectively reviewed patients with advanced thoracic cancer at the National Cancer Center Hospital between March 2020–May 2021. Blood samples were collected and evaluated for IgM and IgG antibodies specific for nucleocapsid (N) and spike (S) protein SARS-CoV-2 before and after rRT-PCR testing. False-negative cases were assessed based on anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels before and after rRT-PCR testing. A total of 2,107 patients with thoracic cancer were identified between March 2020 and May 2021, 7 (0.3%) of whom developed COVID-19. Among the 218 patients who underwent at least one rRT-PCR test because of suspected COVID-19 symptoms or as a screening test at our institute, the most common diagnosis was non-COVID-19 pneumonia (34.4%), followed by tumor fever (30.7%). Furthermore, of the 218 patients, 120 paired serum samples before and after rRT-PCR testing were available. Seroconversion was identified in all three patients with positive SARS-CoV-2 rRT-PCR results but was only observed in 1 out of the 117 patients who tested negative; the rate of false-negative cases was low (0.9%). COVID-19 incidence among patients with advanced thoracic cancer was low during the early phase of the pandemic in Japan.
Covid-19 pandemic: Impact and assessment of water quality in the lower Ganga riverine system, India
Authors: Bhor Manisha , Tiwari Nitish Kumar , Parida Pranaya Kumar , Das Basanta Kumar , Sarkar Uttam Kumar , Das Archan Kanti
Published: October 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated lockdown imposed all over India from 25th March 2020 to 14th April 2020 have made a significant impact on all sectors of life and livelihood including inland fisheries. However, the intensity and extent of the impact on inland open water resources especially rivers and associated water bodies is still unclear. In this study, an immediate and clear effect was observed in the quality of water flowing through the river Ganga. In consideration of pandemic conditions and difficulty in gathering field data, this study attempts to determine the river water quality in terms of turbidity, based on remote sensing imagery data. These changes have been recorded and analysed using Sentinel-2 multispectral remote sensing data for the lower stretches of river Ganga, for selected five stretches covering an approximate mid-channel length of 537 km. The highest sensitivity for turbidity was found in the red and NIR bands among all the bands which were used to estimate turbidity. Temporal variations were also studied through Normalized Difference Turbidity Index at each of these small stretches. A very steep decline in turbidity in the river water has been observed in each of the stretches. The study improved the understanding that the remote sensing approach is capable of assessing the water quality of river turbidity to a greater extent when there are strong hurdles to collecting research data from field studies.
For a Clinical Application of Optical Triangulation to Assess Respiratory Rate Using an RGB Camera and a Line Laser
Authors: Jeong Yoosoo , Song Chanho , Lee Hoyul , Park Young-Sang , Lee Seungmin , Jung Euisung , Son Jaebum
Published: October 2022

This paper presents a non-contact and unrestrained respiration monitoring system based on the optical triangulation technique. The proposed system consists of a red-green-blue (RGB) camera and a line laser installed to face the frontal thorax of a human body. The underlying idea of the work is that the camera and line laser are mounted in opposite directions, unlike other research. By applying the proposed image processing algorithm to the camera image, laser coordinates are extracted and converted to world coordinates using the optical triangulation method. These converted world coordinates represent the height of the thorax of a person. The respiratory rate is measured by analyzing changes of the thorax surface depth. To verify system performance, we installed the camera and the line laser on the head and foot sides of a bed, respectively, facing toward the center of the bed. Twenty healthy volunteers were enrolled and underwent meas-urement for 100s. Evaluation results show that the optical triangulation-based image processing method demonstrates non-inferior performance to a commercial patient monitoring system with a root-mean-squared error of 0.30rpm and a maximum error of 1rpm (p > 0.05), which implies the proposed non-contact system can be a useful alternative to the conventional healthcare method
TRPV1 participates in neuropathic pain after spinal cord injury by mediating the proliferation and activation of CX3CL1-positive glial cells in the spinal dorsal horn
Authors: Wei Liangfeng , Huang Yubei , Chen Kaiqing , Chen Yehuang , Xue Liang , Wu Jianwu , Zheng Zhaocong , Wang Shousen
Published: October 2022

Background
Patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) often present with different degrees of neuropathic pain (NP). Glia-mediated inflammatory response plays a key role. The transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1), as an ion channel receptor closely related to pain, plays an important role in NP, although its mechanism remains unclear. We explored the role of TRPV1 in NP after SCI and its effect on the proliferation and activation of C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CX3CL1)-positive glial cells.
Methods
The SCI rat model was established using the modified Allen’s spinal cord injury model. After SCI, rats in each group were administered the TRPV1 antagonist SB705498 (10 mg/kg) or 2 mL of vehicle intragastrically for 7 consecutive days. The hindlimb motor function of rats after injury was assessed by the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan rating scale; Von Frey fibres and plantar thermal stimulation were used to evaluate the changes in rats’ mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) and thermal paw withdrawal latency (PWL), respectively; haematoxylin and eosin staining, double immunofluorescent staining, and Western blotting were used to investigate the role of TRPV1 in NP after SCI and its effect on the proliferation and activation of CX3CL1-positive glial cells.
Results
The chemokine CX3CL1 was mainly expressed in the dorsal horn neurons of the spinal cord and also to a certain extent in microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes after SCI. The expression of TRPV1 and CX3CL1 in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord in rats was significantly upregulated, and the PWT and PWL of rats were significantly decreased after SCI. The TRPV1 antagonist not only inhibited the activation of TRPV1, but also significantly inhibited the apoptosis of neurons and oligodendrocytes and proliferation and activation of inflammation-related CX3CL1-positive glial cells induced by SCI.
Conclusion
These results suggest that TRPV1 is involved in the occurrence and development of NP after SCI in rats by mediating the proliferation and activation of CX3CL1-positive glial cells in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord; inhibition of TRPV1 activity attenuates the proliferation and activation of CX3CL1-positive glial cells, thereby reducing symptoms of central sensitisation.
The Effect of Periodontitis on Aggravating Rheumatoid Arthritis: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Eshetu Daniel , Shamebo Tsegaye , Assafa Nega
Published: October 2022

Introduction: Periodontitis (PD) & Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are chronic destructive inflammatory conditions which are caused by pathogenic oral bacteria and deregulation of the host inflammatory response. Even though; there has been increasing evidence were showed as these two diseases co-occur, little is known about the effect of periodontitis on aggravating Rheumatoid Arteritis. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and Meta-analysis is to clarify the effect of PD on aggravating RA from all selected studies in Asia countries
Methods: This systematic review was conducted in Asian countries and the database used was PubMed and Google scholar. Additional articles were also retrieved by using cross-referencing of references. Studies that reported the association or the effect of periodontitis on rheumatoid arthritis in Asia were eligible for this systematic review. The search was limited to publications written in the English language and published between 2012 and 2022. Two authors independently appraised the articles, and the data were extracted using a standardized data extraction format. The findings were synthesized using a narrative summary, tables, and figures.
Result: Seventeen studies meet the inclusion criteria and were used for this systematic review. The result showed that Periodontitis was significantly increases the appearance of Rheumatoid Arthritis. It has been reported that PD is strongly associated with the presence of ACPAs and other outcome of Rheumatoid Arthritis Following periodontitis in the pathogenesis and also in the maintenance of systemic inflammation in RA.
Conclusion: This systematic review concludes, there is suggestion that indicate an individual suffering from periodontitis is more likely to develop RA, this can be observed from higher ACPA, CRP, RF and ESR values, a common genetic predisposition that are associated with HLA gene complex and pro-inflammatory cytokine response in RA patients with periodontitis compared to RA patients without periodontitis.