bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IDENTIFICATION OF COW MILK ALLERGEN IN THE PRODUCTS OF GRAPE PROCESSING
Authors: Zeleňáková Lucia , Fikselová Martina , Žiarovská Jana , Kolesárová Anna , Jurčaga LukÃ¡Å¡
Published: February 2019

The aim of research was the identification of cow milk allergen in grapes, must, federweisser and wine by immunochemical method ELISA. Milk allergens (casein) are mostly used together with egg proteins during wine clarification. The results show that quality of calibration curves has significant importance for objective evaluation of quality detection. The degree of the variability calibration samples expressed R2 was not less than 0.9 in both calibration curves (0.9485 and 0.9659). In grape samples, concentrations of cow's milk casein below the detection limit were determined, that is recommended by the ELISA kit manufacturer. All grape samples showed casein concentration less than the value corresponding to 0 ppm standard (from 0.039 to 0.127 mg/kg). Low concentrations were recorded in three samples of must (from 0.056 to 0.077 mg/kg) as well. In case of the federweisser, the casein concentration ranged from 0.367 to 1.301 mg/kg, which is still less than 1.5 ppm standard (1.373 mg/kg). Most of the wines were found to be in the ELISA detection range. The exceptions were samples no. 3 and 9, whose absorbance was above the highest standard (45 mg/kg). These samples were then reconsidered after the first dilution, the resulting cow milk casein concentration was 67.22 mg/kg and 48.66 mg/L. Higher concentrations of this protein contained white wines (from 21.473 to 67.22 mg/L). In red wines, the milk protein concentrations ranged from 1.634 to 16.715 mg/L.
THE INFLUENCE OF MICROBIAL PREPARATION ON THE MIGRATION OF WATER SOLUBLE FORMS OF COPPER IN SOIL–PLANT SYSTEM AND GRAIN QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT
Authors: Chaikovska Lyudmila , Ovsienko Ðlga , Baranskaya Marina , Klyuchenko Valentina , Klimenko Nina
Published: February 2019

One of the most dangerous and most widespread chemical pollutions of the biosphere are heavy metals (HM). Therefore, the assessment of their biogenic migration in the "soil–plant" system and the search for ways to reduce toxic effects on the environment are priority and relevant. The task of our researches consisted of the determination of influence the microbial preparation Phosphoenterin on the migration of water soluble forms of copper in the soil–plant system and grain quality (protein and gluten content) at growing winter wheat under the conditions of model field experiments. The quantitative content of water soluble forms of copper in soil samples (chernozem southern calcareous) and plants (roots, straw, grain) by atomic absorption analysis has been obtained. The content of gluten and protein in the grain of winter wheat was determined by infrared spectroscopy. The positive effect of the microbial preparation Phosphoenterin on the migration of water soluble forms of copper in the soil–plant system was established. In the rhizosphere of inoculated plants their accumulation decreased by 29-39 %, roots – 7-28 %, straw – 7-39 %, grain -– 6-40 % in comparison to the control variant. Correlation analysis showed the presence of direct, close, reliable relationships between the content of water soluble Cu compounds in the rhizosphere, roots, straw and winter wheat grain (r=0.89-0.98). The positive effect of presowing inoculation of seeds on the quality (protein and gluten content increased to 15% and 28% against 13 % and 24% on the control variant, respectively) of grain winter wheat, growing on a natural background has been showed.
O que será das instituições de educação superior comunitárias e confessionais?
Authors: Sguissardi Valdemar
Published: February 2019

Este artigo visa contextualizar as levas de demissão de docentes da Unimep e de outras instituições de educação superior comunitárias e confessionais ocorridas no final de 2017 . Visa também demonstrar que, apesar de especificidades próprias à gestão das instituições metodistas, via “Rede Metodista”, isto faz parte de um fenômeno muito mais amplo que decorre de vários fatores presentes no país. Entre esses estão mudanças na produção (ajuste neoliberal), reforma do Estado, política de educação superior vigente, e o aprofundamento do que traduzem os neologismos mercadização, mercadorização e mercantilização da educação superior. Esse fenômeno apresenta alguns traços comuns ao que ocorre em países centrais e da periferia do capitalismo dominado pela racionalidade neoliberal, mas também revela outros, muito particulares e próprios, que diferem significativamente dos que vigem no exterior. Diante disso, conclui-se afirmando que a pergunta do título deste texto – o que será das instituições de educação superior comunitárias e confessionais? – precisa ser sempre reposta, seja para questionar a gestão dessas instituições de tão reconhecida importância no país, seja para denunciar os caminhos seguidos pela política de educação superior no Brasil, que está celeremente se deixando conduzir pela racionalidade neoliberal dominadora do mercado e do próprio Estado.
Autonomia universitária: princípio inerente ou conquista necessária?
Authors: Minto Lalo Watanabe
Published: February 2019

O artigo trata da questão da autonomia universitária à luz das políticas para a educação superior no Brasil. Adotam-se como referências as determinações estruturais que interpõem limites para o exercício dessa autonomia, intensificadas com o neoliberalismo. Argumentamos que as atividades-fim das instituições universitárias são determinadas historicamente, no âmbito dos conflitos de interesses que pautam a luta de classes e suas formas de expressão no ensino superior; portanto, o princípio de autonomia não está isolado desse conjunto de determinações. No período contemporâneo, apesar do princípio legal da autonomia ter atingido seu ponto de maior avanço na Constituição Federal de 1988, também houve mudanças estruturais na educação superior, de modo a alterar as possibilidades concretas de vigência da autonomia universitária. Defendemos, por fim, que a autonomia é uma conquista necessária, não restrita ao princípio formal que a rege, ou eventuais regulamentações, mas uma condição para que a universidade pública possa se transformar, formulando novos projetos e formas de inserção social distintas daquelas que possui na sociedade atual.
Conhecimento escolar e deficiência intelectual: dados da realidade
Authors: Silva Cláudio Rodrigues da , Moraes Agnes Iara Domingos
Published: February 2019

Trata-se de resenha do livro intitulado Conhecimento escolar e deficiência intelectual: dados da realidade, de autoria de Anna Augusta Sampaio de Oliveira, publicado em 2018, pela CRV.
Relação entre crises epilépticas e lesões no complexo maxilofacial: revisão da literatura
Authors: Bertotti Maitê , Varotto Bruna Luiza Roim , Nápole Rita De Cássia d´Ottaviano , Antequera Reynaldo
Published: February 2019

Este estudo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão da literatura sobre a relação entre crises epilépticas e lesões no complexo maxilofacial. Para adequada análise, desenvolveu-se uma estratégia de revisão de literatura na base de dados PubMed, Cochrane e Scielo abrangendo publicações de 1993 a 2017. Foram selecionados 15 artigos, os quais incluem análise de coorte, caso controle e estudos transversais. Revisões de literatura e relatos de caso clínico foram definidos como critérios de exclusão. Verificou-se, ainda, escassez de estudos clínicos referentes ao assunto. Apesar da dificuldade de generalizar os resultados dos diferentes estudos selecionados, verificou-se uma associação direta entre as crises epilépticas e as lesões de tecidos moles orais, especialmente em relação à língua, lábios e mucosa jugal. Estruturas dentárias também são amplamente afetadas, e, em uma menor incidência, encontram-se as fraturas de mandíbula. Além disso, atitudes como inserção de objetos entre os dentes durante as crises comprometem diretamente o aparecimento de lesões. Lesões bucomaxilofaciais são capazes de causar prejuízos funcionais e estéticos, além de sintomatologia dolorosa. Portanto, o cirurgião-dentista tem papel fundamental não apenas no manejo, mas também na prevenção dessas lesões. Ampliar o acesso à informação e oferecer medidas preventivas podem ter impacto direto na redução da prevalência das lesões associadas às crises epilépticas.
Two paradoxes of projection
Authors: Blauvelt Whit , Mundell Clare E.
Published: February 2019

Abstract: Recently developed projective models of consciousness and its contents challenge received schemas in which all contents of consciousness are held to be well contained in the skull. Working our way into this from several angles, it becomes evident that there are inconsistencies in how we frame classes of mental contents which are arguably equivalent in being. Particular examples of imagery, of dancing and of words, are brought forward to highlight the clash in our apprehensive assumptions, focusing on possible cognitive as well as psychological costs of such inconsistency. A coherent way to blend the container and projector schemas is pointed out; yet such a blend does not support the standard claim for any kind of purely inner voice, contained but not projected. Conscious reflection may in all instances depend on projection, with reflection in imagery - visual, audible, even tactile and otherwise felt - placed just the far side of what can schematically be grasped as the sensory horizon where, in the space-time just beyond here and now, our imaginative expectations backstop recognition of here-now present things.
Food insecurity and overweight among government-backed economy restaurant workers
Authors: COSTA Bruna Vieira de Lima , HORTA Paula Martins , RAMOS Sabrina Alves
Published: February 2019

Abstract Objective The objective was to analyze the occurrence and the associated factors with food insecurity and overweight among government-backed economy restaurant workers in one of the biggest cities in Brazil. Methods A sample comprised of 180 individuals and represented 76.0% of all economy restaurant workers in the city of Belo Horizonte. Food insecurity was identified through the Brazilian Food Security Scale, and excess weight was identified by the body mass index. Data collection included sociodemographic and occupational information, and also health and quality of life perception. Logistic regression models were applied to identify the association. Results Food insecurity and overweight prevalence levels were 24.0% and 66.7%, respectively. The odds of identifying food insecurity were 2.34 times higher among workers that perceived their quality of life to be regular/poor/very poor and 62.0% and 74.0% lower among workers from the 2nd and 3rd tertile of per capita income, respectively. Individuals ≥40 years old (Odds Ratio=2.69, Confidence Interval 95%:1.33-5.43) and food handlers (Odds Ratio=3.62, Confidence Interval 95%:1.68-7.81) had higher odds of being classified as overweight compared to reference categories. Workers with higher per capita income presented lower odds of being classified as overweight (Odds Ratio=0.40, Confidence Interval 95%:0.17-0,96). Conclusion It was evidenced an occurrence of overweight among government-backed economy restaurant workers, which was associated with age, income and job position. Food insecurity prevalence was associated with income and quality of life perception. Although the sample work in a food and nutritional security promotion program, it is necessary to recommend actions aimed at the promotion of healthy eating habits.
Hierarchical and optimization methods for the characterization of tomato genotypes
Authors: Peixoto Joicy V. M. , Almeida Rafaela S. de , Rocha Jaine P. R. da , Maciel Gabriel M. , Santos Nádya C. , Pereira Lucas M.
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT The correct characterization of germplasm banks is fundamental for breeders to succeed in breeding programs. Several studies have sought to obtain genotypes with resistance to pests. However, there is no consensus about which methodology is the most appropriate to characterize a germplasm bank of tomato with different levels of resistance to pests. The objective of this study was to compare methods of multivariate analysis for the evaluation of genetic diversity in tomato genotypes with different levels of resistance to pests. The experiments were conducted at the Vegetable Experimental Station of the Federal University of Uberlândia - Monte Carmelo campus (18º 42’ 43.19” South latitude and 47º 29’ 55.8” West longitude, 873 m altitude), in the period from April 2013 to November 2016. Sixteen genotypes were evaluated from the interspecific cross between LA-716 (S. pennellii) versus pre-commercial line (UFU-057) followed by backcrossing and self-fertilization, along with the pre-commercial line UFU-057 (recurrent parent) Santa Clara and the wild accession S. pennellii (donor genitor). The contents of acylsugar, foliar trichomes, South American tomato pinworm and leaf miner repellency tests were analyzed. The experimental design was the randomized block design totaling 76 plots (19 genotypes x 4 blocks). It was concluded that there was genetic variability among the evaluated genotypes. The method of graphic dispersion by principal components revealed a greater power of discrimination. Genotypes UFU-057F2RC27#4.3, UFU-057F2RC28#2.2 and UFU-057F2RC27#4.7 contain the highest levels of acylsugar, resistance to Liriomyza spp. and T. absoluta.
Nutritional quality of the epicarp and mesocarp flours of baru fruits submitted to drying
Authors: Silva Daiana V. , Oliveira Daniel E. C. de , Resende Osvaldo , Silva Marco A. P. da , Barcelos Keyla R.
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT Baru (Dipteryx alata Vogel) is a native tree of the Cerrado. The drying and milling process can be an alternative for the use and conservation of baru fruits. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of drying on the nutritional characteristics of the epicarp + mesocarp flour of baru fruits. The fruits were collected in the municipality of Santa Helena de Goiás, Goiás, sanitized and submitted to drying in an oven with air circulation at temperatures of 40, 60, 80 and 100 ºC until they had a constant mass. The analyses were performed in triplicate and the results evaluated by analysis of variance and Tukey test (p ≤ 0.05). Flours produced from dehydrated fruits had a reduction in lipid content (treatments 100 °C), energy value (60 and 80 °C), pH, soluble solids, apparent specific mass and carotenoids in relation to the control sample, and high values of acidity, antioxidant activity and total phenolics. FTIR analysis showed nutrient loss.
HEALTH LITERACY OF INDIVIDUALS UNDERGOING DIALYSIS THERAPY
Authors: Bezerra Jéssica Naylla de Melo , Lessa Sara Rebeca de Oliveira , Ó Marcelo Francisco do , Luz Givaneide Oliveira de Andrade , Borba Anna Karla de Oliveira Tito
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess the functional levels of health literacy in individuals undergoing dialysis. Method: a cross-sectional study with 42 patients of the Nephrology Unit of a public hospital in Recife, Brazil, from May to August 2016. Data were collected through scripted interviews and chart analysis. Functional health literacy was measured using the Brazilian version of the Short-Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS®) software, version 18.0, with a univariate analysis to verify the association between independent variables and functional health literacy levels using Fisher's exact test. Results: 80.9% of the patients presented inadequate health literacy and 19.1% presented adequate health literacy. The number of correct answers remained between 0-18 in the reading comprehension and in the scheduling appointment card. Among the independent variables, only marital status (p-value=0.018) and personal income (p-value=0.009) were factors associated with the worst scores in the test, indicating that these variables influence the increase in inadequate literacy. Conclusion: the prevalence of inadequate functional literacy was high, reflecting difficulties in understanding and processing health information, which may interfere with therapeutic management and self-care.
INFORMATION NEEDS OF FAMILIES ON THE HEALTH/DISEASE OF PRETERM INFANTS IN A NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Authors: Lima Vanessa Ferreira de , Mazza Verônica de Azevedo
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify the information needs of the families of preterm infants hospitalized to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit on health/disease. Method: exploratory study, with a qualitative approach, performed with 33 relatives of preterm infants admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, through a semi-structured interview, recorded in audio, transcribed and analyzed with the aid of the Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires software. Results: two categories were identified, which are called: Reality versus expectation of obtaining information about the preterm infant; and Information on health/disease on-line: useful, positive and unattractive aspects. Conclusion: it has been found that the information needs of family members are wide, and different means are employed to satisfy them, ranging from the traditional and every day to the use of technological means to find data and used for different purposes.
HEPATITIS C IN THE BRAZILIAN PUBLIC HEALTH CARE SYSTEM: BURDEN OF DISEASE
Authors: CASTELO Adauto , MELLO Carlos Eduardo BRANDÃO , TEIXEIRA Rosangela , MADRUGA Jose Valdez Ramalho , REUTER Tania , PEREIRA Leila Maria Moreira Beltrão , SILVA Giovanni Faria , ÁLVARES-DA-SILVA Mario Reis , ZAMBRINI Heverton , FERREIRA Paulo Roberto Abrão
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Infection by hepatitis C virus is one of the leading causes of chronic hepatitis C and cause severe burden for patients, families and the health care system. OBJECTIVE: The aims of this research were to assess the severity of liver fibrosis, comorbidities and complications of hepatitis C virus; to examine health-related quality of life (HRQoL), productivity loss and resource use and costs in a sample of Brazilian chronic hepatitis C, genotype 1, patients. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional multicenter study performed in genotype-1 chronic hepatitis C patients to assess disease burden in the Brazilian public health care system between November 2014 and March 2015. Patients were submitted to a liver transient elastography (FibroScan) to assess liver fibrosis and answered an interview composed by a questionnaire specifically developed for the study and three standardized questionnaires: EQ-5D-3L, HCV-PRO and WPAI:HepC. RESULTS: There were 313 subjects enrolled, with predominance of women (50.8%), caucasian/white (55.9%) and employed individuals (39.9%). Mean age was 56 (SD=10.4) years old. Moreover, 42.8% of patients who underwent FibroScan were cirrhotic; the most frequent comorbidity was cardiovascular disease (62.6%) and the most frequent complication was esophageal varices (54.5%). The results also showed that “pain and discomfort” was the most affected HRQoL dimension (55.0% of patients reported some problems) and that the mean HCV-PRO overall score was 69.1 (SD=24.2). Regarding productivity loss, the most affected WPAI:HepC component was daily activity (23.5%) and among employed patients, presenteeism was more frequent than absenteeism (18.5% vs 6.5%). The direct medical costs in this chronic hepatitis C sample was 12,305.72USD per patient in the 2 years study period; drug treatment costs represented 95.9% of this total. CONCLUSION: This study showed that most patients are cirrhotic, present high prevalence of cardiometabolic diseases and esophageal varices, reduced HRQoL mainly in terms of pain/discomfort, and work productivity impairment, especially presenteeism. Additionally, we demonstrated that hepatitis C virus imposes an economic burden on Brazilian Health Care System and that most of this cost is due to drug treatment.
WAITING DAAS LIST MORTALITY IMPACT IN HCV CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS
Authors: SILVA Giovanni Faria , ANDRADE Vanessa Gutierrez de , MOREIRA Alecsandro
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The infection for the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality through its evolution to liver cirrhosis, end-stage liver complications and hepatocellular carcinoma. Currently, the new drugs for the HCV infection, based on direct antiviral agents, have changed the outcomes in this setting. OBJECTIVE: To assess death incidence, during the wait for the treatment with the new drugs, and to analyze which independent variable (age, sex, ascite, HDA, albumin, α-fetoprotein, platelets and Meld score) had relation with death. METHODS: Prospective study with cirrhotic patients by HCV. Inclusion: cirrhotic patients by hepatic biopsy (METAVIR), clinic or image, detectable RNA (HCV). Exclusion: Other stages of hepatic fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Descriptive statistic in continue variables. Fisher Exact and Kaplan Meier and Cox Regression Analysis to assess the association of variables studied with death. P<0.05. RESULTS: A total of 129 patients were included. Of this, 73% were men. Mean age was 57.8±12.1, albumin of 3.5±0.6 mg/dL, platelets of 123.4±59.6 and Meld score of 10.59±3.56. The time of observation was 11.2±3.26 months, and the number of death 9/129 (6,9%). The Kaplan-Meier showed association between death with albumin lower than 2.9 (0.0006), MELD score higher than 15 (0.007) and α-fetoprotein higher than 40 ng/mL (<0.0001). Adjusted Cox Regression Analysis showed that α-fetoprotein higher than 40 ng/ml could be considered an independent risk for death. CONCLUSION: We conclude that, patients with advanced cirrhosis should be prioritized for treatment with direct antiviral agents.
FOOD INTAKE, NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOMS IN CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY
Authors: CARAMICO-FAVERO Deise Cristina Oliva , GUEDES Zelita Caldeira Ferreira , MORAIS Mauro Batista de
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Cerebral palsy may be associated with comorbidities such as undernutrition, impaired growth and gastrointestinal symptoms. Children with cerebral palsy exhibit eating problems due to the effect on the anatomical and functional structures involved in the eating function resulting in malnutrition. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between food intake, nutritional status and gastrointestinal symptoms in children with cerebral palsy. METHODS: Cross-sectional study that included 40 children with cerebral palsy (35 with spastic tetraparetic form and 5 with non-spastic choreoathetoid form of cerebral palsy, all requiring wheelchairs or bedridden) aged from 4 to 10 years. The dietary assessment with the parents was performed using the usual household food intake inquiry. Anthropometric data were collected. Gastrointestinal symptoms associated with deglutition disorders, gastroesophageal reflux and chronic constipation were also recorded. RESULTS: The median of height-for-age Z-score (-4.05) was lower (P<0.05) than the median of weight-for-age (-3.29) and weight-for-height (-0.94). There was no statistical difference between weight-for-age and weight-for-height Z-scores. Three patients with cerebral palsy (7.5%) exhibited mild anemia, with normal ferritin levels in two. Symptoms of dysphagia, gastroesophageal reflux, and constipation were found in 82.5% (n=33), 40.0% (n=16), and 60.0% (n=24) of the sample, respectively. The patients with symptoms of dysphagia exhibited lower daily energy (1280.2±454.8 Kcal vs 1890.3±847.1 Kcal, P=0.009), carbohydrate (median: 170.9 g vs 234.5 g, P=0.023) and fluid intake (483.1±294.9 mL vs 992.9±292.2 mL, P=0.001). The patients with symptoms of gastrointestinal reflux exhibited greater daily fluid intake (720.0±362.9 mL) than the patients without symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux (483.7±320.0 mL, P=0.042) and a greater height-for-age deficit (Z-score: -4.9±1.7 vs 3.7±1.5, P=0.033). The patients with symptoms of constipation exhibited lower daily dietary fiber (9.2±4.3 g vs 12.3±4.3 g, P=0.031) and fluid (456.5±283.1 mL vs 741.1±379.2 mL, P=0.013) intake. CONCLUSION: Children with cerebral palsy exhibited wide variability in food intake which may partially account for their severe impaired growth and malnutrition. Symptoms of dysphagia, gastroesophageal reflux, and constipation are associated with different food intake patterns. Therefore, nutritional intervention should be tailored considering the gastrointestinal symptoms and nutritional status.
CHARACTERIZATION OF ENTEROAGGREGATIVE ESCHERICHIA COLI AMONG DIARRHEAL CHILDRENIN WESTERN BRAZILIAN AMAZON
Authors: TABORDA Roger Lafontaine Mesquita , SILVA Luiz Antônio da , ORLANDI Patricia Puccinelli , BATISTA Flávia Serrano , RODRIGUES Renata Santos , MATOS Najla Benevides
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) is one of the main acute and chronic diarrhea causes both in children and adults, mainly in developing countries. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study is to characterize EAEC strains isolated from faecal samples and to identify genes potentially contributing to virulence, biofilm production and antimicrobial resistance in children admitted to a pediatric hospital in Porto Velho, Rondônia State. METHODS: The total of 1,625 E. coli specimens were isolated from 591 children in the age group 6 years or younger who were hospitalized in Cosme and Damião Children Hospital in Porto Velho, between February 2010 and February 2012, with acute gastroenteritis. Colonies suggestive of E. coli were subjected to polymerase chain reaction testing in order to identify the virulence factors. The in vitro adhesion assays using HEp-2 adherence were tests. Biofilm detection through spectrophotometry and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were conducted in the disk diffusion method. RESULTS: The mentioned study examined 591 stool samples from children with diarrhea. Diarrheogenic E. coli was found in 27.4% (162/591) of the children. EAEC was the diarreagenic E. coli most frequently associated with diarrhea 52.4% (85/162), which was followed by enteropathogenic E. coli 43.8% (71/162), enterotoxigenic E. coli 2.4% (4/162), and enterohemorrhagic E. coli 1.2% (2/162). The aggR gene was detected in 63.5% (54/85) of EAEC isolates; moreover, statistically significant correlation was observed among typical EAEC (aggR) and aatA (P<0.0001), irp2 (P=0.0357) and shf (P=0.0328). It was recorded that 69% (59/85) of the 85 analyzed EAEC strains were biofilm producers; 73% (43/59) of the biofilm producers carried the aggR gene versus 42.3% (11/26) of non-producers (P=0.0135). In addition, there was association between the aatA gene and biofilm production; 61% (36/59) of the samples presented producer strains, versus 19.2% (5/26) of non-producers (P<0.0004). Antibiotic sensitivity test evidenced that most EAEC were ampicillin 70.6% (60/85), sulfamethoxazole 60% (51/85), tetracycline 44.7% (38/85) and cefotaxime 22.4% (19/85) resistant. CONCLUSION: As far as it is known, the present study is pioneer in Northern Brazil to investigate EAEC virulence factors and to show the antimicrobial susceptibility of EAEC strains isolated from children with diarrhea.
PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C IN A PUBLIC HEALTH PROGRAM IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL
Authors: MINME Roseline , HOLZMANN Iandra , TOVO Cristiane Valle , ALMEIDA Paulo Roberto Lerias de
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) can progress to cirrhosis and its complications as hepatocellular carcinoma, leading to morbidity and mortality. To know the profile of patients with CHC virus is fundamental to optimize management. OBJECTIVE: To describe the profile of patients with CHC in a public health program in Southern Brazil. METHODS: A retrospective study was carried out in patients with CHC who underwent treatment against hepatitis C virus in a dispensation and pharmaceutical assistance center of the Public Health Department of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, South Brazil. All medical records of patients attended between December/2015 and December/2016 were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 1,431 records of patients with CHC were evaluated. Males were the most prevalent (802; 56%) patients. The mean age was 58.6±9.9 years, ranging from 18 to 89 years. Genotype 1 was the most frequent (866;60.5%) of the patients. Ninety (6.3%) patients were transplanted from a solid organ, and of these, 73 (5.1%) were transplanted from the liver. The fibrosis evaluation was performed in 1,300 (90.8%) patients. Of these, 566 (39.6%) were evaluated through liver biopsy. Regarding the degree of fibrosis, 779 (54.4%) presented fibrosis grade 4 (cirrhosis). The genotype 3 was the most associated with fibrosis grade 4, and genotype 1 was associated with high viral load. CONCLUSION: The present study made possible the evaluation of the characteristics of patients with CHC in a public health program in South Brazil. There was a predominance of CHC in males, and the mean age was 59 years. They presented a predominance of genotype 1, higher viral load in patients with genotype 1 and greater degree of fibrosis in patients with genotype 3.
IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME, FOOD INTOLERANCE AND NON- CELIAC GLUTEN SENSITIVITY. A NEW CLINICAL CHALLENGE
Authors: SOARES Rosa Leonôra Salerno
Published: February 2019

ABSTRACT Approximately 80% of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients report that their symptoms are triggered after ingesting one or specific food groups. Gluten, wheat and related proteins (e.g., amylase-trypsin inhibitors, and fermentable oligo-di-mono-saccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) are the most relevant IBS symptom triggers, although the true ‘culprit(s)’ is/are still not well established. The concept of causal relationship between gluten intake and the occurrence of symptoms in the absence of celiac disease and wheat allergy was termed non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS). The borderline between celiac disease, wheat allergy, IBS and NCGS is not always clearly distinguishable, and the frequency and clinical identity of NGCS are still unclear. An overlap between IBS and NCGS has been detected. The incomplete knowledge of the etiopathogenesis of these clinical conditions, lack of data on their real epidemiology, as well as the absence of a gold standard for their diagnosis, make the overall picture difficult to understand “It is crucial to well define the interaction between IBS, food intolerance and NGCS, since the role of diet in IBS and its dietary management is an essential tool in the treatment of a large number of these patients”. The objective of the present review is to provide an overview highlighting the interaction between IBS, food intolerance and NCGS in order to unravel whether gluten/wheat/FODMAP sensitivity represents ‘facts’ and not ‘fiction’ in IBS symptoms.
Evaluación diagnóstica de necesidades en un equipamiento de educación ambiental mediante la triangulación múltiple de datos
Authors: Rodríguez-Sabiote Clemente
Published: February 2019

Resumen Con este trabajo pretendemos poner de manifiesto la importancia que conlleva implementar procesos de diagnóstico de necesidades de cara a establecer una priorización de las demandas recogidas desde la puesta en marcha de procesos de triangulación analítica múltiple de datos. La experiencia ha tomado como objeto de estudio un equipamiento de educación ambiental de la provincia de Granada (España) donde pretende implementarse un programa de intervención con personas con discapacidades sensoriales. Los resultados obtenidos y validados mediante una estrategia de la triangulación metodológica múltiple han favorecido la agrupación y distribución de necesidades en grandes dimensiones o grupos por el grado de concordancia establecido a través de percentiles como notas de corte y agrupaciones del análisis de conglomerados. De esta forma, hemos inferido un primer grupo de alta prioridad correspondiente a la Adecuación de acciones Socioambientales para Discapacitados Sensoriales. En segundo lugar, encontramos un grupo de moderada prioridad y que podría identificarse con la Formación y Sensibilización de Discapacitados Sensoriales mediante Acciones Socioambientales. Finalmente, contemplamos un tercer grupo de baja prioridad que podemos denominar como de Diseño y Planificación de Acciones Socioambientales para Discapacitados Sensoriales. Por otra parte, la fundamental aportación del presente trabajo ha sido presentar resultados y conclusiones verdaderamente combinadas con el objetivo de validar la anteriormente expuesta jerarquía de necesidades Socioambientales.
Frequency and factors associated with Theileria equi, Babesia caballi and Trypanosoma evansi in equids from Bahia (Northeast Brazil)
Authors: Costa Sonia Carmen Lopo , Freitas Jéssica de Souza , Silva Aísla Nascimento da , Lacerda Luciana Carvalho , Cruz Rebeca Dálety Santos , Carvalho Fábio Santos , Pereira Maria Julia Salim , Munhoz Alexandre Dias
Published: February 2019

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and factors associated to Babesia caballi, Theileria equi and Trypanosoma evansi in naturally infected equids from the northeast Brazil. Blood samples from 569 equids (528 horses, 8 mules, and 33 donkeys) were collected and tested for the presence of DNA of each of these protozoan parasites by PCR. Generalized linear models were used to evaluate risk factors associated with the infection. The frequency of T. equi infection was 83.5% (475/569) - 84.3% in horses, and 73.2% in donkeys and mules. The results of the final model indicated that age (senior group) and animal species (mule and donkey group) were protective factors against this pathogen. The frequency of B. caballi infection was 24.3% (138/569) - 23.5% in horses and 34.1% in donkeys and mules. Age (adult and senior group) was considered a protective factor against B. caballi infection whereas animal species (donkey and mule group) were considered a risk factor for the infection. Trypanosoma evansi infection was not detected in any of animals. Our results suggest that equids from the area studied may be infected earlier in life with the etiological agents of equine piroplasmosis and become asymptomatic carriers.
Dermatitis in humans caused by Ornithonyssus bursa (Berlese 1888) (Mesostigmata: Macronyssidae) and new records from Brazil
Authors: Bassini-Silva Ricardo , Jacinavicius Fernando de Castro , Hernandes Fabio Akashi , Ochoa Ronald , Bauchan Gary R. , Dowling Ashley P. G. , Barros-Battesti Darci Moraes
Published: February 2019

Abstract Ornithonyssus bursa, known as the “tropical fowl mite”, is a hematophagous mite of domestic and wild birds, occasionally biting humans. Infestation on humans occurs mainly when the abandoned nests are close to homes, or by manipulation of infested birds by humans. In Brazil, this species occurs in the south and southeast of the country. In the present study we are reporting bites on humans, new localities records, host associations, and molecular information of O. bursa.
Antitumoral effects of Amblyomma sculptum Berlese saliva in neuroblastoma cell lines involve cytoskeletal deconstruction and cell cycle arrest
Authors: Nascimento Thatyanne Gradowski do , Vieira Priscilla Santos , Cogo Sheron Campos , Dias-Netipanyj Marcela Ferreira , França Junior Nilton de , Câmara Diana Aparecida Dias , Porcacchia Allan Saj , Mendonça Ronaldo Zucatelli , Moreno-Amaral Andréa Novais , Sá Junior Paulo Luiz de , Simons Simone Michaela , Zischler Luciana , Elifio-Esposito Selene
Published: February 2019

Abstract The antitumor properties of ticks salivary gland extracts or recombinant proteins have been reported recently, but little is known about the antitumor properties of the secreted components of saliva. The goal of this study was to investigate the in vitro effect of the saliva of the hard tick Amblyomma sculptum on neuroblastoma cell lines. SK-N-SK, SH-SY5Y, Be(2)-M17, IMR-32, and CHLA-20 cells were susceptible to saliva, with 80% reduction in their viability compared to untreated controls, as demonstrated by the methylene blue assay. Further investigation using CHLA-20 revealed apoptosis, with approximately 30% of annexin-V positive cells, and G0/G1-phase accumulation (>60%) after treatment with saliva. Mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) was slightly, but significantly (p < 0.05), reduced and the actin cytoskeleton was disarranged, as indicated by fluorescent microscopy. The viability of human fibroblast (HFF-1 cells) used as a non-tumoral control decreased by approximately 40%. However, no alterations in cell cycle progression, morphology, and Δψm were observed in these cells. The present work provides new perspectives for the characterization of the molecules present in saliva and their antitumor properties.
Molecular detection of Mycoplasma suis in extensive pig production systems in the State of Maranhão, northeast Brazil
Authors: Martins Mickaellen Susanny dos Santos , Silva Lucas Diniz , Miranda Leandro Macêdo , Lima Cristian Alex Aquino , Amaral Renan Bressianini do , Machado Rosangela Zacarias , André Marcos Rogério , Braga Maria do Socorro Costa Oliveira , Rosário Carla Janaina Rebouças Marques do , Melo Ferdinan Almeida , Pereira José Gomes
Published: February 2019

Abstract Mycoplasma suis is a bacterium that causes hemoplasmosis in pigs. This agent is capable of adhering to the surface of porcine erythrocytes, inducing structural changes on these cells. In Brazil, there are few reports about the disease, its causal agent, and the economic impact of this pathogen on pig production systems and farm sanitation. The present study aimed to investigate the occurrence of M. suis in extensive swine farms located in the counties of Itapecuru Mirim, Santa Rita and Rosario, State of Maranhão, northeast Brazil. For such purpose, 64 blood samples of pigs from these facilities were tested for M. suis using a 16S rRNA gene-based quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR); 82.3%, 65.2% and 25% of blood samples of swine from farms in the cities of Itapecuru Mirim, Santa Rita and Rosario were positive for M. suis by qPCR, respectively. This study shows, for the first time, that M. suis circulates in pig populations from the state of Maranhão, Northeast Brazil.
Effect of spudcan shape on mitigating punch-through in sand-over-clay
Authors: Lee Joonmo , Hossain Muhammad Shazzad , Hu Pan , Kim Youngho , Cassidy Mark J. , Hu Yuxia , Park Sunggun
Published: February 2019

Spudcan punch-through in layered seabed sediments is one of the major concerns for the jack-up industry. This paper reports the results from a series of centrifuge model tests undertaken to assess the effect of various shapes of spudcan base at mitigating punch-through in sand-over-clay deposits. The experimental programme was carried out in a drum centrifuge by varying the spudcan base profile, skirt length on the periphery and number of holes through the spudcan. The large testing area of one soil sample prepared along the full drum channel enabled an extensive number of 13 spudcan penetration tests under consistent soil conditions. Additional large-deformation finite-element analyses were carried out to explore the soil failure mechanisms around each spudcan with different shapes. The spudcan base profile and number of holes through the spudcan showed no apparent influence on the spudcan penetration behaviours, as the sand blocked the spudcan holes during penetration. Only the skirt showed a positive influence at mitigating punch-through. The positive influence was greater with a longer skirt.
Pemisahan Itrium dengan Cara Ekstraksi Menggunakan Solven TOPO
Authors: Handini Tri , Sukarna I Made , Yuniyanti Anisa Dwi
Published: February 2019

ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan proses pemisahan itrium dengan cara ekstraksi menggunakan solven TOPO. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi optimum pengaruh variasi konsentrasi ekstraktan, waktu pengadukan, dan keasaman umpan logam tanah jarang serta mengetahui koefisien distribusi (Kd), faktor pisah (FP), dan efisiensi ekstraksi (%), dengan metode ekstraksi cair-cair. Umpan yang digunakan adalah logam tanah jarang dari pasir senotim. Ekstraktan yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah TOPO (tri-n-oktilfosfina oksida). Kadar itrium (Y), disprosium (Dy), dan gadolinium (Gd) ditentukan menggunakan spektrometer pendar sinar-X. Kondisi optimum yang diperoleh dari penelitian proses ekstraksi ini meliputi: konsentrasi ekstraktan 20% TOPO dalam kerosin, waktu pengadukan 15 menit, keasaman umpan 0,5 M. Nilai koefisien distribusi yang diperoleh Y = 5,61; Dy = 2,06; Gd = 0,99. Efisiensi ekstraksi Y = 85,13%, Dy = 67,80%, Gd = 50,17% sedangkan faktor pisah Y-Dy = 2,7186 dan Y-Gd = 5,6861. ABSTRACT Separation process of yttrium by extraction using TOPO solvents has been done. The purpose of this study is to  find out the optimum condition of the variation effect of extractant concentration, stirring time, and acidity of the rare earth feed and to determine the distribution coefficient, separation factor, and extraction efficiency (%), using the liquid-liquid extraction method. The feed used  were rare earth  elements of xenotime sand. The extractant used in the research were TOPO (tri-n-octylphosphine oxide). Concentration of yttrium (Y), disprosium (Dy), and gadolinium (Gd) were  determined using X-ray fluorescene spectrometer. Optimum conditions of the extraction process obtained from this study were: TOPO extractant concentration in kerosene 20%, stirring time 15 minutes, acidity of feed 0.5 M. Obtained value of distribution coefficient  Y = 5.61; Dy = 2.06; Gd = 0.99. For extraction efficiency Y = 85.13%, Dy = 67.80%, Gd = 50.17% whereas separation factor Y-Dy = 2.7186 and Y-Gd = 5.6861.
Teaching Pronunciation with Visual Feedback
Authors: Albertson Kathleen
Published: February 2019

Sound discrimination often becomes a frustrating stumblingblock for adult language students unable to hear the differencesbetween two contrasting sounds. The use of a modifiedoscilloscope, in this case the Visipitch, enables students to seethe differences in pronunciation patterns they may be unable tohear. With the aid of immediate feedback, students are able tomonitor and mosify the activity of their speech organs andcompare their productions of specific sounds to those producedby the instructor. This instrument is useful in teachingintonation and rhythm patterns as well as most phonemes andallophones.
An Online Latin Poetry Translation Lab in an Italian Classical High School
Authors: Landi Licia
Published: February 2019

This paper is an account of a project on the strategy for technologybasedcourse development and management adopted for teachinga 4th -year Latin poetry class in an Italian Oassical High school. Itfocuses on a strategy for course design, online delivery, and integrationwith an e-mail discussion list. The examples focus on Latinpoetry, and there is a discussion of how technology can couple withchanges in pedagogy and increase learning productivity, even intraditional subjects, when learners become self-motivated, selfdirected,and collaborative participants in their learning experience.
The Web-Based Online Virtual Language Center
Authors: Yang Peter
Published: February 2019

The Web-based virtual language center (VLC) has become areality for language learning on many campuses. It offersstudents obvious convenience of time and location. Theycan attend lab at any time they want (it is open 24 hours aday, 7 days a week) and from any location where they havea networked multimedia computer.However, the decision about which language center servicesshould migrate to Web-based delivery is a difficult onebecause the VLC is "self-service" without lab assistants andis based on emulating the existing physical languagelearning environment. There are many open theoretical andpractical issues concerning its validity as a languagelearning environment and its establishment andmaintenance. Furthermore, it has not yet proven to be anideal learning environment for oral communication activitiesbetween students and the instructor and among the students.This article will attempt to address some of these basicissues. Although it is not intended to give the reader a readymademodel of the VLC, the author hopes to be able toprovide those who are interested in setting up a Web-basedlanguage center with some practical suggestions. It is alsothe author's desire that this article stimulate those who areexperienced with the VLC to open a broader discussion ofrelated issues, such as aspects that must be considered forsetting up such a center and the ways in which existingVLCs could be further improved.
Evaluating a Learning Object Repository
Authors: Caws Catherine
Published: February 2019

This article describes a pilot study performed in the Fall of2004in order to evaluate the functional aspect of FLORE, a newlearning object repository for French teaching and learning.The study seeks to elaborate a standard and iterative evaluationprocess in order to better analyse the educational value oflearning object repositories. Developped as a prototype, FLOREis a web portal similar to MERLOT or CAREO that aggregatesa collection of objects and sites for the community of educatorsand learners of the French language. The author here describesits specificities and draws initial conclusions based on theparticipants' evaluations and contributions towards the furtherdevelopment of the repository.
Supporting technology instruction through peer tutoring, discussion boards and electronic journals
Authors: Dewey Dan P. , Cannon Anne E.
Published: February 2019

Given the diverse backgrounds and technical expertise that languageteachers can possess, it is challenging for technology instructors tomeet the needs of individuals during workshops or classes. In thisstudy, we explored the effectiveness of three interventions implementedto help a technology instructor better meet the needs ofindividuals in his class: peer tutoring, asynchronous discussion boardand electronic journal entries. Through the three interventions, theinstructor's role changed from being the provider of solutions toevery problem (firefighter) to being an available coach, able to focushis attention on matters that required it most. The instructorbecame well informed of individuals' challenges and frustrationsthrough discussion board postings and journal entries. Learnersregularly answered each others' questions and provided support andadvice as they acted as peer tutors and as they exchange messages viathe discussion board. A strong group dynamic developed as learnersgrew accustomed to assisting each other regularly. The instructorwas able to adjust lessons according to needs perceived via journalsand discussion board entries. He was also able to focus more attentionon problems in class that required instructor attention (as opposedto questions readily answerable by peers).
ESP for Busy College Students
Authors: Palalas Agnieszka
Published: February 2019

Research conducted at George Brown College in Toronto identified a significant gap between students’ language proficiency, the requirements of the program from which they were about to graduate, and the language requirements of the related workplace. Specific language and socio-cultural competencies had to be packaged into a language support solution in a delivery format matching students’ needs and their demanding schedules. Based on these needs, an adjunct language support course was designed following paradigms of computer-assisted language learning (CALL) and Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL) theories of learning. The resulting hybrid English for Special Purposes (ESP) course comprised three components: in-class, online, and mobile. Traditional ESL resources were combined with in-house produced audio-video podcasts and open source content. Results demonstrated that blending in-class, online and mobile language learning is an effective solution for teaching English to adult learners, and it is a solution that enables improved flexibility and individualization of practice.