bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A pathway towards high-quality development of the manufacturing industry: Does scientific and technological talent matter?
Authors: LI Dan , YAO Qiuyu
Published: March 2024

Against the background of the accelerated evolution of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial change, scientific and technical talents, as essential innovation resources, play an important role in promoting the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2012 to 2021, the article constructs a fixed-effects model and systematically researches the impact of scientific and technological talents on the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry. The results show that scientific and technical talents play a significant role in promoting the high-quality development of the manufacturing industry, and the upgrading of the consumption structure and the accumulation of productive service industries play a mediating role. Heterogeneity analysis found that the promotion effect of scientific and technical talents is more favorable in the eastern region, medium-technology level manufacturing, and labor-intensive manufacturing. Among the three sub-dimensions of scientific and technological talents, the scale of scientific and technical talents has the most significant impact on the development of the manufacturing industry. The analysis of the spatial spillover effect finds that scientific and technological talents will have a positive spillover effect on the development of the manufacturing industry in neighboring areas. The study provides a basis for relevant departments to formulate effective strategies and policies.
Influence of demographic factors on prolonged length of stay in an emergency department
Authors: Alnahari Afnan , A’aqoulah Ashraf
Published: March 2024

Background

A prolonged length of stay in an emergency department is related to lower quality of care and adverse outcomes, which are often linked with overcrowding.

Objective

Examine the influence of demographic factors on prolonged length of stay in the emergency department.

Methods

This study used a cross-sectional design. It used secondary data for all patients admitted during the specific duration at the emergency department of a governmental hospital in Saudi Arabia. The independent variables were gender, age, disposition status, shift time, and clinical acuity (CTAS) level while the dependent variable was prolonged length of stay.

Results

The study shows that 30% of patients stay at the emergency department for four hours or more. The results also show a significant association between demographic factors which are age, gender, disposition status, shift time, clinical acuity (CTAS) level and prolonged length of stay in an emergency department. Based on the results males are more likely to stay in the emergency department than females (OR = 1.20; 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.38). Patients aged 60 and older are less likely to stay in the emergency department than patients aged 29 or smaller (OR = 0.58; 95% CI = 0.39 to 0.84). According to disposition status discharged patients after examination stays in the emergency department more than admitted patients after the examination (OR = 2.78; 95% CI = 1.67 to 4.99). Patients who come to the night shift are less likely to stay in the emergency department than patients who come in the morning shift (OR = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.56 to 0.81). Patients who are classified in level three of CTAS are less likely to stay in the emergency department than patients who are classified in level one (OR = 0.28; 95% CI = 0.88 to 0.023).

Conclusion

Demographic factors such as age, gender, shift time, disposition status and clinical acuity (CTAS) were important factors that needed to be considered to reduce the length of stay of patients in the emergency department. it is possible to formulate a machine learning model to predict the anticipated length of stay in the hospital for each patient. This prediction with an accepted margin of uncertainty will help the clinicians to communicate the evidence-based anticipated length of stay with the patient’s caregivers. In addition, hospital managers need to provide the emergency department with enough staff and materials to reduce the length of stay of patients.
Study protocol for a pilot clinical trial to understand neural mechanisms of response to a psychological treatment for pain and anxiety in pediatric functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPD)
Authors: Cunningham Natoshia R. , Adler Michelle A. , Barber Garcia Brittany N. , Abounader Taylor , Miller Alaina K. , Monzalvo Mariela , Hashemi Ismaeel , Cox Ryan , Ely Samantha L. , Zhou Yong , DeLano Mark , Mulderink Todd , Reeves Mathew J. , Peugh James L. , Kashikar-Zuck Susmita , Coghill Robert C. , Arnetz Judith E. , Zhu David C.
Published: March 2024

Background

Functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPD) are the most common chronic pain conditions of childhood and are made worse by co-occurring anxiety. Our research team found that the Aim to Decrease Pain and Anxiety Treatment (ADAPT), a six-session coping skills program using cognitive behavioral therapy strategies, was effective in improving pain-related symptoms and anxiety symptoms compared to standard care. In follow-up, this current randomized clinical trial (RCT) aims to test potential neural mechanisms underlying the effect of ADAPT. Specifically, this two-arm RCT will explore changes in amygdalar functional connectivity (primary outcome) following the ADAPT protocol during the water loading symptom provocation task (WL-SPT). Secondary (e.g., changes in regional cerebral blood flow via pulsed arterial spin labeling MRI) and exploratory (e.g., the association between the changes in functional connectivity and clinical symptoms) outcomes will also be investigated.

Methods

We will include patients ages 11 to 16 years presenting to outpatient pediatric gastroenterology care at a midwestern children’s hospital with a diagnosis of FAPD plus evidence of clinical anxiety based on a validated screening tool (the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 [GAD-7] measure). Eligible participants will undergo baseline neuroimaging involving the WL-SPT, and assessment of self-reported pain, anxiety, and additional symptoms, prior to being randomized to a six-week remotely delivered ADAPT program plus standard medical care or standard medical care alone (waitlist). Thereafter, subjects will complete a post assessment neuroimaging visit similar in nature to their first visit.

Conclusions

This small scale RCT aims to increase understanding of potential neural mechanisms of response to ADAPT.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT03518216.
Factors associated with COVID-19 among hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory infections in Serbia, 2022–2023: A test negative case-control study
Authors: Stosic Maja , Plavsa Dragana , Jovanovic Verica , Veljkovic Marko , Babic Dragan , Knezevic Aleksandra , Saponjic Vladan , Dimitrijevic Dragana , Rancic Miljan , Milic Marija , Adzic-Vukicevic Tatjana
Published: March 2024

Severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) are estimated to be the cause of death in about 19% of all children younger than 5 years globally. The outbreak of coronaviral disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2, increased considerably the burden of SARI worldwide. We used data from a vaccine effectiveness study to identify the factors associated with SARS CoV-2 infection among hospitalized SARI patients. We recruited SARI patients at 3 hospitals in Serbia from 7 April 2022–1 May 2023. We collected demographic and clinical data from patients using a structured questionnaire, and all SARI patients were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR. We conducted an unmatched test negative case-control study. SARS-CoV-2 infected SARI patients were considered cases, while SARS CoV-2 negative SARI patients were controls. We conducted bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis in order to identify variables associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. We included 110 SARI patients: 74 were cases and 36 controls. We identified 5 factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 positivity, age (OR  =  1.04; 95% CI  =  1.01–1.07), having received primary COVID-19 vaccine series (OR  =  0.28; 95% CI  =  0.09–0.88), current smoking (OR  =  8.64; 95% CI  =  2.43–30.72), previous SARS CoV-2 infection (OR  =  3.48; 95% CI  =  1.50–8.11) and number of days before seeking medical help (OR  =  0.81; 95% CI  =  0.64–1.02). In Serbia during a period of Omicron circulation, we found that older age, unvaccinated, hospitalized SARI patients, previously infected with SARS CoV-2 virus and those who smoked, were more likely to be SARS-CoV-2-positive; these patient populations should be prioritized for COVID vaccination.
Design and implementation of a Li River water quality monitoring and analysis system based on outlier data analysis
Authors: Lu Qirong , Zou Jian , Ye Yingya , Wang Zexin
Published: March 2024

The detection of water quality indicators such as Temperature, pH, Turbidity, Conductivity, and TDS involves five national standard methods. Chemically based measurement techniques may generate liquid residue, causing secondary pollution. The water quality monitoring and data analysis system can effectively address the issues that conventional methods require multiple pieces of equipment and repeated measurements. This paper analyzes the distribution characteristics of the historical data from five sensors at a specific time, displays them graphically in real time, and provides an early warning of exceeding the standard; It selects four water samples from different sections of the Li River, based on the national standard method, the average measurement errors of Temperature, PH, TDS, Conductivity and Turbidity are 0.98%, 2.23%, 2.92%, 3.05% and 3.98%.;It further uses the quartile method to analyze the outlier data over 100,000 records and five historical periods are selected. Experiment results show the system is relatively stable in measuring Temperature, PH and TDS, and the proportion of outlier is 0.42%, 0.84% and 1.24%. When Turbidity and Conductivity are measured, the proportion is 3.11% and 2.92%. In the experiment of using 7 methods to fill outlier, K nearest neighbor algorithm is better than others. The analysis of data trends, outliers, means, and extreme values assists in making decisions, such as updating and maintaining equipment, addressing extreme water quality situations, and enhancing regional water quality oversight.
BAG6 inhibits influenza A virus replication by inducing viral polymerase subunit PB2 degradation and perturbing RdRp complex assembly
Authors: Zhou Yong , Li Tian , Zhang Yunfan , Zhang Nianzhi , Guo Yuxin , Gao Xiaoyi , Peng Wenjing , Shu Sicheng , Zhao Chuankuo , Cui Di , Sun Honglei , Sun Yipeng , Liu Jinhua , Tang Jun , Zhang Rui , Pu Juan
Published: March 2024

The interaction between influenza A virus (IAV) and host proteins is an important process that greatly influences viral replication and pathogenicity. PB2 protein is a subunit of viral ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) complex playing distinct roles in viral transcription and replication. BAG6 (BCL2-associated athanogene 6) as a multifunctional host protein participates in physiological and pathological processes. Here, we identify BAG6 as a new restriction factor for IAV replication through targeting PB2. For both avian and human influenza viruses, overexpression of BAG6 reduced viral protein expression and virus titers, whereas deletion of BAG6 significantly enhanced virus replication. Moreover, BAG6-knockdown mice developed more severe clinical symptoms and higher viral loads upon IAV infection. Mechanistically, BAG6 restricted IAV transcription and replication by inhibiting the activity of viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). The co-immunoprecipitation assays showed BAG6 specifically interacted with the N-terminus of PB2 and competed with PB1 for RdRp complex assembly. The ubiquitination assay indicated that BAG6 promoted PB2 ubiquitination at K189 residue and targeted PB2 for K48-linked ubiquitination degradation. The antiviral effect of BAG6 necessitated its N-terminal region containing a ubiquitin-like (UBL) domain (17-92aa) and a PB2-binding domain (124-186aa), which are synergistically responsible for viral polymerase subunit PB2 degradation and perturbing RdRp complex assembly. These findings unravel a novel antiviral mechanism via the interaction of viral PB2 and host protein BAG6 during avian or human influenza virus infection and highlight a potential application of BAG6 for antiviral drug development.
Effectiveness of conservation measures to support biodiversity in boreal timber-production forests
Authors:   Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Applied Ecology, Agricultural Sciences and Biotechnology, Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management, Evenstad, Norway, Tange Ane Christensen ,   Glommen Mjøsen Skog SA, Elverum, Norway, Sjølie Hanne K. , Austrheim Gunnar
Published: March 2024

Large parts of the boreal forest ecosystems have been greatly affected by human use, and the current timber-oriented forest management practice that dominates boreal forests is proven to cause biodiversity and ecosystem services declines. These negative effects are mitigated in various ways, including in-situ measures implemented upon harvest. The measures comprise trade-offs between economic and ecological aims; thus, requiring solid knowledge of their effectiveness. However, comprehensive literature review of the effectiveness of such measures is scarce. We aim to fill part of this void by reviewing the scientific literature that have gauged effects of four in-situ conservation measures: green tree retention (GTR), patch retention (PR), dead wood retention (DW) and riparian buffer zones (RB). Two outcomes were considered, species richness and species abundance across taxa. From a total of 3012 initial papers, 48 met our inclusion criteria that generated 238 unique results. Results were grouped according to control. 178 studies used mature, unlogged forest as control. Out of those, 68% of the findings were not significant, i.e., suggesting no significant impact of harvest with biodiversity measures on species richness and species abundance compared to no harvest. Eighteen percent of the observations showed negative effects and 14% of the observations showed positive effects compared to no harvest. Sixty studies used harvest with no measures as control, of which 45% showed significant positive effects, meaning that compared to harvest with no measures, harvest with conservation measures has positively effects on species richness and abundance. However, 43% of the studies found no significant effect of the implemented conservation measures compared to harvest with no measures taken. The relatively few significant results reported restrain distinct conclusions on the effectiveness of the assessed conservation measures, but some degree of conservation measure is likely to have positive effects on biodiversity in timber-production forest. However, the scientific basis does not allow for pointing to threshold levels. Higher transparency of study design and statistical results would allow us to include more studies. There is a clear need for more research of effectiveness of common conservation measures in timber-production forests in order to strengthen the knowledge basis. In particular, there are few studies that employ harvest without any conservation measure as control. This is pivotal knowledge for forest managers as well as for policymakers for preserving biodiversity and the ecosystems in forest.
Doenças de pessoas negligenciadas no Brasil: o olhar da Bioética Crítica sobre as determinações sociais da saúde
Authors: Carolina Guimarães Alanis , Boiago Dias Gabriela , Rocha da Cunha Thiago , Rozin Leandro , Conceição Sanches Leide da
Published: March 2024

As Doenças Tropicais Negligenciadas (DTNs) são historicamente associadas à pobreza, resultantes de determinações sociais que reproduzem condições de desigualdades e vulnerabilidade social e sanitária. Por meio da abordagem teórico-reflexiva, fundamentada em referenciais da Bioética Crítica, este artigo explora os determinantes e as determinações sociais da saúde envolvidos no contexto das DTNs. O estudo aponta que a partir de um ponto de vista dialético histórico-estrutural, são as pessoas nestas situações que estão primeiramente negligenciadas e, por consequência, as doenças. Discute-se que é necessário superar a abordagem puramente biomédica sobre as DTNs e atuar nas determinações sociais que a reproduzem. Conclui-se que isso deve ocorrer por meio do desvelamento da racionalidade instrumental que orienta as abordagens hegemônicas sobre DTNs, bem como do enfrentamento das hierarquias coloniais que mantém as pessoas — e suas doenças — negligenciadas.
Using multi-actor labs as a tool to drive sustainability transitions in coastal-rural territories: Application in three European regions
Authors: Guittard Alice , Kastanidi Erasmia , Akinsete Ebun , Berg Håkan , Carter Caitriona , Maneas Georgios , Martínez-López Javier , Martínez-Fernandez Julia , Papadatos Dionysis , de Vente Joris , Vernier Françoise , Tiller Rachel , Karageorgis Aristomenis P. , Koundouri Phoebe
Published: March 2024

Evidence on the efficacy of impacts from real-world experiments in triggering transformative processes is still scarce. This study evaluates multi-actor labs to provide examples of direct impacts of real-world experiments in tackling long-standing, local, sustainability challenges.Multi-actor
labs (MALs), a form of real-world social experiments, were implemented in three coastal-rural regions in France (Charente River Basin), Spain (Mar Menor), and Greece (South-West Messinia) to better assess and tackle coastal-rural interactions that govern local sustainability challenges, such
as water use conflicts and biodiversity degradation. The MALs used participative methodologies based on systems thinking and transition management. Stakeholders were continuously engaged in a series of workshops to co-produce knowledge, reach a common understanding of the sustainability challenges
and issues at stake, and co-design solutions in the form of a roadmap for sustainable transitions in coastal-rural regions. This paper evaluates MALs to provide examples of successful sustainability transition experiments based on the outputs produced, outcomes achieved, and processes used
in the three coastal, rural regions.
Systematic Literature Review : Kajian Potensi dan Pemanfaatan Sumber Daya Energi Baru dan Terbarukan Di Indonesia
Authors: Solikah Anisa Ayu , Bramastia Bramastia
Published: March 2024

Peningkatan jumlah penduduk di Indonesia menjadi salah satu factor kebutuhan sumber daya energi juga semakin meningkat. Energi listrik merupakan jenis energi yang paling banyak dibutuhkan dimana kebutuhan listrik di Indonesia mencapai 1.173 kWh/kapita pada tahun 2022. Sumber daya energi yang sifatnya terbatas seperti batu bara tidak bisa memenuhi kebutuhan listrik masyakarat Indonesia yang terus meningkat sehingga dibutuhkan sumber daya energi baru terbarukan yang persediaanya lebih banyak di alam. Pemerintah menargetkan penggunaan energi baru terbarukan ini melalui Perpres No.5 Tahun 2006 tentang Kebijakan Energi Nasional tahun 2006-2025 yang menjelaskan bahwa dalam pasokan energi harus dipenuhi 17% energi terbarukan. Bentuk energi baru dan terbarukan (EBT) yang tersedia di Indonesia diantaranya panas bumi, air, biomassa, dan energi surya. Untuk mendukung kebijakan pemerintah tersebut, perlu adanya penyebaran informasi terkait energi baru dan terbarukan kepada masyarakat umum maupun akademisi seperti mahasiswa maupun siswa. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan kajian terkait pemanfaatan sumber daya energi baru dan terbarukan di Indonesia yang dapat memberikan wawasan kepada seluruh lapisan masyakarat. Studi literatur melalui systematic literature review ini mengkaji tentang kebutuhan sumber daya energi di Indonesia, potensi, serta kelebihan dan kekurangannya saat di terapkan di Indonesia.
Keir Giles, Russia’s War on Everybody and What it Means for You
Authors: Lenčéš Chalániová Daniela
Published: March 2024

Keir Giles, Russia’s War on Everybody and What it Means for You. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2023. 246 + xviii pages. ISBN 978-1-3502-5508-1.
Mark Galeotti, Putin’s Wars: From Chechnya to Ukraine
Authors: Lozda Matīss
Published: March 2024

Mark Galeotti, Putin’s Wars: From Chechnya to Ukraine. Oxford: Osprey Publishing, 2022. 384 pages. ISBN 978-1-4728-475-4-6.
Glück im Unglück – wie wird das Scheitern als Lerngelegenheit in deutsch- und englischsprachigen Bibliothekscommunities genutzt?
Authors: Melchior Sara
Published: March 2024

Dieser Artikel basiert auf einer Analyse zum Diskurs „Scheitern als Lerngelegenheit“ in deutsch- und englischsprachigen Bibliothekscommunities zwischen 2012 bis 2021. Es handelt sich um die erste systematische Auseinandersetzung mit diesem Themenfeld in der Bibliothekwissenschaft. Grundlage ist dabei eine Perspektive, die das Scheitern als Lerngelegenheit sieht, die Menschen und Institutionen weiterbringt. Die zugrundeliegende Forschung schafft eine Übersicht, wie ein gesellschaftlich traditionelles Tabuthema in bibliothekarischen Fachgemeinschaften offen zu etwas Gewinnbringendem umgedeutet wird.
Hollow mushroom nanomaterials for potentiometric sensing of Pb2+ ions in water via the intercalation of iodide ions into the polypyrrole matrix
Authors: Alnuwaiser Maha Abdallah , Rabia Mohamed
Published: March 2024

Herein, the synthesis of a sensor for the determination of lead (Pb2+) ions via the intercalation of iodide ions into the polypyrrole matrix is performed. It demonstrated a Nernstian slope of 31.7 mV/decade, indicating a linear response within the concentration range of 10−5–10−1 M. The detection limit achieved is 9.10−6 M, indicating the sensor’s sensitivity to low concentrations of Pb2+. The effectiveness of the Ppy/I− sensor in Pb2+ sensing is confirmed through cyclic voltammetry, where a peak potential of −0.2 V is observed. The sensitivity of the sensor for Pb2+ detection is measured to be 2 µA/M. Moreover, the Ppy/I− sensor exhibits a negative response to interfering ions, which enhances its selectivity for Pb2+ detection. Furthermore, when tested with natural water samples such as tap or underground water, which are typically free of lead ions, the sensor demonstrates a negative response to normal interfering ions commonly found in such samples. The Ppy/I− sensor offers several advantages, including the ability to detect Pb2+ ions at very low concentrations, a flexible and adaptable design, and a cost-effective preparation technique. These features make it a promising tool for accurate and efficient detection of Pb2+ ions.
Enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of two uniformly convergent numerical solvers for singularly perturbed parabolic convection–diffusion–reaction problems with two small parameters
Authors: Ansari Khursheed J. , Izadi Mohammad , Noeiaghdam Samad
Published: March 2024

This study is devoted to designing two hybrid computational algorithms to find approximate solutions for a class of singularly perturbed parabolic convection–diffusion–reaction problems with two small parameters. In our approaches, the time discretization is first performed by the well-known Rothe method and Taylor series procedures, which reduce the underlying model problem into a sequence of boundary value problems (BVPs). Hence, a matrix collocation technique based on novel shifted Delannoy functions (SDFs) is employed to solve each BVP at each time step. We show that our proposed hybrid approximate techniques are uniformly convergent in order

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Effect of satellite availability and time delay of corrections on position accuracy of differential NavIC
Authors: Karthan Madhu Krishna , Kuna Devadas , Naveen Kumar Perumalla
Published: March 2024

The position accuracy of standalone Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) may not be met for certain applications like civil aviation. To improve the position accuracy of the user receiver, the technique used is Differential NavIC, which makes use of Differential corrections. The position accuracy of the user receiver also depends on the satellite availability (i.e. number of satellites available at a certain time instant to estimate the user position) and delay in transmission of differential corrections. In this article, the analysis of differential NavIC using different numbers of visible satellites (satellite availability) and different time delays for transmission of corrections is carried out. For this analysis, three cases are considered, Case I is when all (six) NavIC satellites are visible, Case II is when five satellites (3 Geosynchronous Orbit (GSO) and 2 Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO)) are visible, and Case III is when five satellites (3 GEO and 2 GSO) are visible. The comparative analysis for these three cases is carried out with respect to the position accuracy parameters and Geometric Dilution of Precision. It is observed that, with the satellite availability in case I and case III, the user receiver accuracy is approximately the same. In case III, the accuracy of the user receiver (3.08 m) is similar to the accuracy (3.09 m) in case I. For time delay in transmission of corrections, different time delays (0, 5, 10, 20, …, 300 s) are considered to observe the effect on the positional accuracy of the user receiver. Due to the increase in this time delay, there is a significant degradation in the user receiver position accuracy of differential NavIC.
Cognitive mechanisms driving (contact-induced) language change: introduction to the special issue
Authors: Percillier Michael , Schauwecker Yela
Published: March 2024

This special issue focuses on the interaction of the disciplines of historical linguistics and psycholinguistics to obtain new insights into which cognitive factors are potentially relevant for language change. The contributions address questions related to the cognitive mechanisms at play, their evidence in historical data, who the agents of change may be, which experimental methods can be implemented to investigate language change, and how language change can be theoretically modeled in terms of cognitive mechanisms. In this introductory article, we first outline our aims by describing the call for papers and the workshop which laid the foundation for this special issue. We then provide a state of the art on the integration of research on cognitive mechanisms and language change before introducing the contributions and listing which of the central questions they address.
First record of Peropteryx leucoptera (Chiroptera, Emballonuridae) for the Caatinga of Northeastern Brazil and additional records for the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest
Authors: Salzgeber Cynthia , Victor de Oliveira Fred , Araújo Perini Fernando , do Nascimento Maria Clara
Published: March 2024

Peropteryx leucoptera is a widespread species in the Neotropics but with a disjunct distribution in Northern South America and a separated population in the Atlantic Forest of Northeastern Brazil. Here we present new records of this species for Northeastern Brazil, the first records for the Caatinga biome and for the states of Bahia and Rondônia. These new records represent a major range extension and establishes a new southern limit of occurrence for the species. We also examined and provide measurements of other specimens and present an updated map with the distribution of P. leucoptera in South America.
Investigating the collective nature of cavity-modified chemical kinetics under vibrational strong coupling
Authors: Lindoy Lachlan P. , Mandal Arkajit , Reichman David R.
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we develop quantum dynamical methods capable of treating the dynamics of chemically reacting systems in an optical cavity in the vibrationally strong-coupling (VSC) limit at finite temperatures and in the presence of a dissipative solvent in both the few and many molecule limits. In the context of two simple models, we demonstrate how reactivity in the collective VSC regime does not exhibit altered rate behavior in equilibrium but may exhibit resonant cavity modification of reactivity when the system is explicitly out of equilibrium. Our results suggest experimental protocols that may be used to modify reactivity in the collective regime and point to features not included in the models studied, which demand further scrutiny.
The Status of Urban Heritage Conservation: Competency of Local Government in the Western Cape Province
Authors:   Department of Geography & Environmental Studies, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Lauren Buchanan
Published: March 2024

The National Heritage Resources Act was promulgated in the efforts of establishing effective conservation principles that would meet the needs of all South Africans. The Act makes provision for each level of government to have authority over its respective heritage resources. Donaldson (2005) anticipated that the acting authority in the Western Cape province, Heritage Western Cape, was likely to come under pressure soon. This was owing to the fact of increasing heritage resources (the phenomenon of aging) and that the Provincial Heritage Resources Authority oversaw both Grade II and III heritage resources since no local municipality was deemed fully competent. This research aimed to assess the capacity and competency of local government in the field of built heritage conservation of non-metropolitan municipalities in the Western Cape, South Africa. A qualitative research method was implemented in the form of a questionnaire with informal interviews to assist in the explorative nature of this paper. By mapping and recording the current state of heritage conservation practices in the province, it was found that two local municipalities were deemed competent, while several others had made strides towards conserving local heritage resources.
ANALISIS PENALARAN MATEMATIKA PESERTA DIDIK DALAM MEMECAHKAN MASALAH MELALUI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING BERBANTUAN LKPD DITINJAU DARI TEORI VYGOTSKY
Authors: Wijayanti Kusuma , Trimurtini Trimurtini
Published: March 2024

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan tujuan mendeskripsikan kemampuan penalaran matematika peserta didik dalam memecahkan masalah pada materi sudut dengan kriteria kemampuan penalaran sangat baik, baik, cukup dan kurang. Penelitian dilakukan dalam kegiatan Kampus Mengajar Angkatan 3 dengan subjek penelitian adalah 14 peserta didik kelas 3 yang terbagi menjadi tiga kelompok. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data kemampuan penalaran menggunakan jawaban LKPD. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa tiga kelompok memiliki kemampuan penalaran matematika sangat baik selama pembelajaran menggunakan model Problem Based Learning dengan mengimplementasikan teori Vygotsky.
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR PEMBELAJARAN TEMA (MENYAYANGI TUMBUHAN DAN HEWAN) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE STORYTELLING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA PADA SISWA KELAS III SEKOLAH DASAR 112327 SIRIA-RIA
Authors: Pohan Laila Sari
Published: March 2024

This study aims to determine how the development of teaching materials for the storytelling method on the thematic theme of loving plants and animals in class III and efforts to improve students' speaking skills in class III of Primary School 112327 Siria-Ria. This research is a type of development research (Research and Development) using the 4-D Model 4-D development model, namely defining (Define), designing (Design), developing (Develop), and disseminating (Disseminate). The subjects in this study are media expert validation and material experts and the object in this study is the development of theme learning teaching materials (loving plants and animals) using the storytelling method to improve the speaking skills of grade III elementary school students. The instrument used to collect data is a questionnaire. The results of the validation of teaching materials on learning themes (loving plants and animals) using the storytelling method are In the validation of material experts obtained 84% with very feasible criteria. And in the media expert validation obtained a score of 93% with very feasible criteria. Based on the data obtained, it can be concluded that teaching materials use the storytelling method to improve speaking skills in grade III elementary school students. Can improve the speaking skills of grade III students.
Online Self-Presentation and Braggadocian Behavior in Millennials
Authors: Amalia Rizka Wibi , Dahriyanto Luthfi Fathan
Published: March 2024

Social media is a form of technological development that gives rise to a new behavior called braggadocios behavior, which is often characterized by always uploading status/tweets to show how cool and famous someone is. In addition, social media is one of the new social platforms where someone will try to create their desired impression, which is called, online self-presentation. The millennial is the generation that is most familiar with social media. Because they like the form of interaction in it. The purpose of this research is to find out the relationship between online self-presentation and braggadocios behavior in the millennial generation. This study is using a quantitative method with correlational analysis. The research subjects are Semarang State University students spread across the Faculty of Education, Faculty of Economics, Faculty of Languages ​​and Arts, and the Faculty of Law with a total of 347 subjects. Spearman Rho is used to analyze data that were collected. The results showed that the hypothesis can be accepted, with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.853 with a significance level of 0.000. This means that there is a positive relationship between online self-presentation and braggadocios behavior in the millennial generation. The bridging aspect between both variables is multiple identities, which consist of the identity from birth (ethnicity, religion, and gender) and artificial identity. Media users will emphasize artificial identity and make it an ideal self.
Manifestation of Dark Personality Behavior: Indigenous Study on Indonesian Workers
Authors: Putri Rachmalia Wida , Nuzulia Siti
Published: March 2024

Machiavellianism is one of the traits incorporated in the dark triad personality. The portrayal of individuals with Machiavellianism is manipulative, prioritizing personal interests, to look down on others. Studies on the manifestations of Machiavellianism personality behavior in Indonesia have never been conducted, information about it is widely obtained from studies that take a sample of populations in countries that grow up in individualist cultures. While Indonesia itself is a country that grows in a collective culture with the habits of its people tend to depend on each other and prioritize their groups. Thus, the form of manifestation of Machiavellianism behavior in collective culture is thought to appear in line with collective values. This study aims to determine the manifestations of dark personality behavior of machiavellianism in Indonesian workers with a collective cultural background. In this study using an indigenous psychology approach with a quantitative descriptive research design. The application of quota sampling technique was used involving 760 respondents. The data collection tool used is a research instrument created by researchers and then analysis is carried out using percentage descriptive techniques and categorization. In this study, results were obtained such as: (1) positive and negative behavior of machiavellianism individuals in the work environment divided into self, interpersonal relationships, and performance; (2) the impact on personal and work relationships when dealing with Machiavellianism individuals in the work environment is divided into positive, negative, and neutral categories; (3) the least favorable behavior of Machiavellianism individuals in the work environment that gets the highest percentage is manipulative; and (4) how to deal with individual Machiavellianism in the work environment is divided into the categories of proactive, avoidant, learning, and managing emotions.
Exosomal or follicular FNDC3A decreases FOLR1 mRNA abundance and progesterone and lactate synthesis in bovine granulosa cells
Authors: Daudon Mathilde , Ramé Christelle , Price Christopher A , Dupont Joëlle
Published: March 2024

In brief

Dairy cattle experience a period of infertility postpartum that is caused in part by the development of IGF1/insulin resistance. This study suggests that an adipokine, FNDC3A, reduces IGF1-dependent glycolysis and may contribute to postpartum infertility.

Dairy cows go through a period of subfertility after parturition, triggered in part by a disruption of energy homeostasis. The mobilization of body fat alters the secretion of adipokines, which have been shown to impact ovarian function. Fibronectin type III domain-containing 3A (FNDC3A) is a recently discovered adipokine-myokine, and FNDC3A mRNA abundance in subcutaneous adipose tissue is increased postpartum in cattle. In this study, we hypothesized that FNDC3A may compromise granulosa cell function in cattle and investigated this using a well-established in vitro cell culture model. Here, we demonstrate the presence of FNDC3A protein associated with extracellular vesicles in follicular fluid and in plasma, suggesting an endocrine role for this adipokine. FNDC3A protein and mRNA was also detected in the bovine ovary (cortex, granulosa and theca cells, cumulus, oocyte and corpus luteum). Abundance of FNDC3A mRNA in granulosa cells from small follicles was increased by in vitro treatment with the adipokines leptin and TNF but not by visfatin, resistin, adiponectin, chemerin or IGF1. Addition of recombinant FNDC3A at physiological doses (10 ng/mL) to granulosa cells decreased IGF1-dependent progesterone but not estradiol secretion and IGF1-dependent lactate secretion and abundance of GLUT3 and GLUT4 mRNA. This concentration of FNDC3A increased cell viability, abundance of mRNA encoding a putative receptor FOLR1, and increased phosphorylation of Akt. Collectively, these data suggest that FNDC3A may regulate folliculogenesis in cattle by modulating IGF1-dependent granulosa cell steroidogenesis and glucose metabolism.
ENT manifestations of Sjogren’s syndrome: A narrative review
Authors: T M Amulya , Devi G Nivetha , Mamadapur Mahabaleshwar , Pragya Varuni
Published: March 2024

Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune condition marked by dryness of the mouth and eyes, frequently manifesting as a range of ENT symptoms that have a major negative impact on the quality of life of patients. Dryness and discomfort in the mouth and eyes, brought on by lacrimal and salivary gland dysfunction are ENT symptoms in SS. However, ENT regions are involved in more areas than just the ocular surface and mouth cavity. Due to laryngopharyngeal involvement, patients may experience hoarseness, dysphagia, and the sensation that something foreign is in their throat. Common nasal symptoms include nasal dryness, congestion, and recurrent sinusitis, while Eustachian tube dysfunction can lead to middle ear infections and hearing problems. To improve the quality of life in SS patients, clinicians and healthcare professionals should be careful in identifying and treating these symptoms. More investigations and clinical trials are required to create tailored medicines that can reduce ENT symptoms and enhance long-term outcomes for SS patients.
Effects of Pulp Drying and Reﬁning on Softwood Fibre Wall Structural Organisations
Authors:   PAPRO-New Zealand, Forest Research Institute, Kibblewhite R. Paul
Published: March 2024

Structural organisations of a range of softwood kraft and other pulps are described in terms of their response to pulp drying and refining. Fibre widths, thicknesses, wall thicknesses, and wall areas, as well as cross-sectional shapes can be very different depending on whether pulps are dried and/or refined. Fibres can also respond to refining in different ways depending on whether the fibres have thin or thick walls. Actual cross-sectional wall areas (including void space associated with delaminations) of undried kraft fibres normally remain unchanged with refining whereas those of dried and rewetted fibres increase. For refined fibres, delaminated walls are envisaged as consisting of several concentrically oriented lamellae aggregates or coarse lamellae (containing wall substance plus water) interdispersed with void space filled predominantly with water. Thus, effects of pulp refining could be to make the structural organisation of the coarse lamellae but not the walls of undried kraft fibres more dense, and the walls of dried and rewetted fibres less dense. Furthermore, the thicknesses of uncollapsed, undried fibres normally decrease with pulp refining while those of collapsed, dried and rewetted fibres increase. Finally, cross-sectional shapes and dimensions of dried and rewetted, thick- and thin-walled fibres are modified in different ways and at different rates. Wall organisations of kraft, soda-AQ and neutral sulphite-AQ (NSAQ) fibres are very different. Kraft fibre diameters (widths and thicknesses), wall thicknesses, wall areas and hemicellulose contents are substantially lower than those of NSAQ and soda-AQ fibres when compared at either the same lignin content or pulp yield. Effects of refining are to cause kraft fibre diameters to be decreased further, and walls to delaminate and expand into fibre lumens. The unique properties of kraft fibres are explained by a tightening and contraction of the fibrillar and lamella wall organisations. Observed changes in fibre dimensions and behaviours are discussed in terms of fibre wall structural organisations, compositions and behaviours.
Scaling, Percolation and Network Theories: New Insights into Papermaking?
Authors:   The Finnish Pulp and Paper Research Institute, Ritala R. , Huiku M. ,   The Finnish Pulp and Paper Research Institute
Published: March 2024

Recent advances in the theory of condensed matter physics have furnished us with powerful theoretical methods for understanding the structural and dynamical properties of in homogeneous materials, such as the fibre network which constitutes paper. We discuss the concepts of universality and scaling, on which all the new theoretical arguments are based. In understanding the properties of forming and of paper, the percolation transition, i.e. the unique state where an infinitely connected network of fibres is formed, is of particular interest. The physical aspects and the power of the percolation theory are discussed in the presentation. Applications of these new concepts to paper have so far been few. We show how the percolation theory yields practical qualitative results explaining the relationship between the consistency of the suspension in the headbox and the formation. The complicated structure of the turbulence on the wire and on the jet, which manifests itself in the residual variations of basis weight, is discussed using some scaling ideas related to the universality of the nonlinear dynamical systems. The effect of formation on the mechanical properties, especially ultimate strength, can be viewed theoretically with the aid of scaling, percolation and network theories. The reinforcing effect of chemical fibres in newsprint can be judged by a rather simple scaling argument,which,when developed further, gives insight into the nonlinear relationship between strength and the amount of chemical fibres in newsprint. Scaling and percolation are qualitative methods. When studied and applied properly, these concepts help us get a picture of the in homogeneous materials and understand the basic principles behind their properties. It is then easier to decide on the right quantities to measure when quantitative information is needed in papermaking.
A Concept for Fibre Flocculation in Turbulent Flow
Authors:   The Norwegian Pulp and Paper Research Institute,, Steen Morten
Published: March 2024

A concept for the fibre flocculation process in turbulent flow is presented including both rupture and aggregation of fibre flocs. Based on results from the literature, a mechanism is proposed for the breaking-up and the building-up of flocs in interaction with turbulent eddies of different length scales in the turbulence spectrum. The mechanism has been formalized into a two-way hierarchical concept with analogy to the decay of a scalar fluctuation. Deformation and break-up of flocs by turbulent eddies with a length scale similar to the floc scale dominates the rupture process. Eddies of a smaller scale agitate the floc causing weakening and activation of the network. Floc aggregation happens due to floc collisions when the flocs are transported by turbulent eddies of a larger scale. The smaller scales activate the floc surface, and increase the probability of forming a floc. Erosion and deposition of single fibres takes place in the turbulent fine structure. This concept finds support when tested and compared with the results in the literature. Experiments have been conducted in a vertical pipe flow with a varying flow rate, fibre length and consistency, taking measurements at various positions downstream of an orifice . Results were obtained using high speed movie film, image analysis of still photos and measurements of flocculation and turbulence spectra using a laser . Increasing the turbulent kinetic energy or decreasing the macro scale gives lower floc intensity at large length scales.
Distribution of Fibre Orientations in Paper
Authors:   Paper Science Center, The Finnish Pulp and Paper Research Institute, Niskanan K. J.
Published: March 2024

During web formation, the difference between the speed of the pulp suspension and that of the wire gives rise to a smear force that orients fibres preferentially along the machine direction . This has been known for a long time. It is less clear, however, haw the distribution of fibre orientations is fly related to the conditions of web formation and to the properties of papermaking fibres. We have studied this question using simple theoretical models and experimental data inc1-tiding irk-We analysis results. We find that fibre-to-fibre interactions determinehow much individual fibres are rotated by the oriented shear field. In this way the fibre orientation distribution obtained for a given speed cliff an the pulp properties. On the other hand, the turbulence of the pulp flow seems to be the mechanism through. which the conditions of web formation affect fibre orientation. In particular, we suggest that the on set of hear-induced turbulence in the suspension flow determine the maximum fibre orientation anisotropy that can be achieved. The model calculations show that the distribution of fibre orientations cannot be represented in terns of a simple functional form with only one adjustable parameter. The shape of the distribution depends an the fibre p and especially the wet fibre flexibility. In paper the orientation distribution of curly fibres is quite different from that of straight fibres. On the other hand, no diff in the distribution is observed if long and short fibre are examined separately.
Some Fundamental Chemical Aspects on Paper Forming
Authors:   Mo och Domsjo AB, Development Centre, S-891 80 Ornskoldsvik, Sweden, Lindström Tom
Published: March 2024

The fundamental physico-chemical aspects of retention chemistry are reviewed in the light of basic concepts in colloid chemistry. Special emphasis has been paid to the surface chemistry of cellulose and cellulosic materials, their origin of charge, dispersion force interactions as well as the implication of certain aspects of peculiar cellulosic surfaces, e.g. the influence of their porosity on polymer adsorption. Charge neutralization, patch flocculation, heterocoagulation, bridging and complex flocculation phenomena are discussed as well as polymer adsorption phenomena at the cellulose/water interface