bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Pemberian Vitamin C terhadap Kadar Leukotrien Urin pada Pasien Asma Anak
Authors: Alfalah Cece , Lubis Gustina , Yani Finny F , Lipoeto Nur I
Published: November 2016

Latar belakang. Pada asma anak terdapat peningkatan kadar leukotrien darah dengan hasil metabolit akhirberupa leukotrien E4(LTE4). Vitamin C dapat menghambat lipoksigenase sehingga menurunkan kadar LTE4urin sejalan dengan perbaikan klinis asma.Tujuan. Mengetahui pengaruh pemberian vitamin C terhadap perbaikan klinis asma anak, ditandai denganpenurunan kadar LTE4 urin dan peningkatan nilai C-ACT.Metode. Penelitian intervensi (pre and post group design) pemberian vitamin C 200 mg/hari setelah makanselama 6 minggu, dilakukan pada pasien asma anak dari bulan September sampai dengan Oktober 2013.Kadar LTE4 urin normal 10-60 pg/ml dan nilai C-ACT terkontrol 􀁴20. Perbedaan dua data numerik tidakberdistribusi normal diuji dengan uji Wilcoxon-Rank (p<0,05). Korelasi antara dua data numerik tidakberdistribusi normal diuji dengan korelasi SpearmanHasil. Pemberian vitamin C tidak menurunkan kadar LTE4 urin (60,5%), tetapi terdapat kecenderunganpeningkatan nilai C-ACT (50%), p>0,05. Terdapat korelasi antara kadar LTE4 urin dan nilai C-ACT sebelumdan setelah pemberian vitamin C (r=-0,327 dan -0,359; p<0,05). Terdapat penurunan kejadian seranganasma setelah pemberian vitamin C, p<0,05.Kesimpulan. Pemberian vitamin C dapat memperbaiki klinis asma, meskipun kadar LTE4urin dan nilai C-ACTtidak mempunyai korelasi sebelum dan setelah pemberian vitamin C.
Pengaruh Pemberian Omega-3 Terhadap Kadar C-Reactive Protein pada Remaja Obes Resistensi Insulin
Authors: Wilson Wilson , Rini Eka Agustia , Bachtiar Hafni
Published: November 2016

Latar belakang. Obesitas berperan penting terhadap terjadinya sindrom metabolik yang dapat menyebabkan resistensi insulin,dislipidemia, diabetes mellitus dan hipertensi yang akan meningkatkan risiko penyakit jantung koroner. Jaringan adiposa padaobesitas akan memproduksi berbagai sitokin antara lain TNF-α dan IL-6 yang selanjutnya merangsang hati untuk menghasilkanC-RP. Omega-3 mempunyai efek anti inflamasi, dapat meningkatkan sensitifitas insulin, mengurangi resistensi insulin, perlemakanhati dan memperbaiki profil lemak serta menurunkan kadar C-RP.Tujuan. Mengetahui pengaruh pemberian Omega-3 terhadap kadar C-RP pada remaja obesitas resistensi insulin.Metode. Penelitian eksperimental dari November 2011 sampai Maret 2012 dengan disain pre and post-test group. Obesitas ditentukanberdasarkan pengukuran indek massa tubuh (IMT) >p-95 WHO-NCHS, resistensi insulin menurut kadar homeostasis model assesmentinsulinresistence (HOMA-IR) >3,16. Sampel terpilih diperiksa kadar C-RP sebelum dan sesudah pemberian Omega-3. Omega-3diberikan selama 3 bulan dengan dosis 250 mg perhari. C-RP diperiksa secara Elisa dengan metode CMIA (chemiluminescentImmunometriz assay), sensitivitas 0,01 mg/dL. Data diolah menggunakan paired t-test (α=0,05).Hasil. Didapatkan 75 orang remaja obesitas dan 21 orang di antaranya (50,7%) mengalami resistensi insulin. Sebanyak 21 sampeldiuji, lebih dari separuh laki-laki (57,1% vs 42,9%). Rerata umur 16±0,68 tahun, rerata IMT 32,88±2,44 kg/m2. Rerata kadarglukosa, insulin puasa dan HOMA-IR, masing-masing adalah 90,36±14,94 mg/dl, 20,89±4,19 μIU/L dan 4,52±0,89. Terdapatpenurunan kadar C-RP sebelum dan sesudah pemberian Omega-3, yaitu 8,69±5,46 mg/dL menjadi 6,41±4,77 mg/dL. Penurunanini bermakna secara statistik (p=0,018).Kesimpulan. Konsumsi Omega-3 selama 3 bulan menurunkan kadar C-RP remaja obesitas resistensi insulin.
Kadar Kortisol Serum sebagai Indikator Prognosis Sepsis pada Anak
Authors: Zabidi Leny , Supriatna M. , Mexitalia Maria
Published: November 2016

Latar belakang. Salah satu respon utama terhadap stres adalah aktivasi aksis hipotalamus-hipofisis-adrenal, diketahui denganpeningkatkan produksi kortisol.Tujuan. Membuktikan kadar kortisol dapat digunakan sebagai prediktor luaran sepsis.Metode. Penelitian prospektif, dilakukan di RSUP Dr. Kariadi Semarang. Sepsis didiagnosis menurut Konsensus Konfrensi Sepsispada Anak tahun 2005, dikelompokkan sebagai luaran perbaikan dan perburukan. Kortisol serum dianalisis dengan metode ELISA.Uji Mann-Whitney U digunakan untuk menganalisis perbedaan kadar kortisol pada luaran sepsis anak. Kadar kortisol dianalisislebih lanjut menggunakan ROC dan ditentukan titik potong yang optimal.Hasil. Sejumlah 30 anak dengan diagnosis sepsis diikutsertakan dalam penelitian. Kadar kortisol serum subyek berkisar 64,62 – 836,15ng/mL, menunjukkan peningkatan (normal 24 – 229) ng/mL. Median kadar kortisol pada luaran perbaikan 187,05 (64,62-509,08)ng/mL dan pada luaran perburukan 740,91 (299,45-836,15) ng/mL. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna kadar kortisol serum pada luaranperbaikan dan luaran perburukan (p<0,001). Luas area di bawah kurva ROC 0,958, dengan titik potong kadar kortisol 323 ng/mL,RR 48,0 (IK95%:4,304–535,256; p<0,001)Kesimpulan. Kadar serum kortisol lebih dari 323 ng/mL merupakan prediktor luaran perburukan pada sepsis anak.
Pengaruh Pemberian Mineral Mix Terhadap Pertumbuhan Anak Gizi Buruk
Authors: Froulina Liza , Susanto JC
Published: November 2016

Latar belakang. Malnutrisi pada anak merupakan masalah kesehatan global terutama di negara sedang berkembang dan menjadilatarbelakang lebih dari 50% kematian balita. Semua anak dengan gizi buruk selain mengalami defisiensi energi dan protein jugamengalami defisiensi mikronutrien. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan mikronutrien, anak gizi buruk dapat diberikan kombinasi elektrolit/mineral (mineral mix).Tujuan. Mengetahui manfaat pemberian mineral mix terhadap pertumbuhan anak-anak gizi buruk.Metode. Uji klinis acak terkontrol pada 32 anak gizi buruk usia 6 bulan – 5 tahun yang dilaksanakan di Dinas Kesehatan Kota Semarang.Subjek yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Kelompok perlakuan diberi F100 (yang mengandungmineral mix) dan multivitamin, sedangkan kelompok kontrol hanya diberi susu tinggi kalori yang setara dengan F100 dan multivitamin.Setelah 1 bulan dinilai kenaikan WHZ dan berat badan (gr/kgBB/hari). Analisis statistik menggunakan uji –t berpasangan,Wilcoxon test, dan Mann-Whitney.Hasil. Peningkatan WHZ kelompok perlakuan (0,30±0,811 SD) lebih tinggi dibanding kelompok kontrol (0,10±0,658 SD), tetapitidak berbeda bermakna (p=0,590). Kenaikan BB (gr/kgBB/hari) kelompok perlakuan (3,11±3,431 gr/kgBB/hari) lebih tinggi dibandingkelompok kontrol (1,32±0,954 gr/kgBB/hari), tetapi tidak berbeda bermakna (p=0,100).Kesimpulan. Pemberian mineral mix selama satu bulan meningkatkan kenaikan WHZ dan BB anak gizi buruk meskipun secarastatistik tidak bermakna
Straßenhandel in Berlin
Authors: Ha Noa K.
Published: November 2016

Die Alltagspraxis von Straßenhändler_innen in der historischen Mitte von Berlin ist davon bestimmt, sich sowohl an die alltäglichen, strukturellen und institutionellen Begrenzungen anzupassen als auch diese herauszufordern. Noa K. Ha liefert Einblicke in diese alltägliche Nutzung des öffentlichen Raums, die zugleich die Globalisierung westlicher Metropolen augenfällig macht. Ihre Studie verweist auf das problematische Verhältnis zwischen urbaner Raumnutzung, informalisierter Arbeit und rassifizierter Migration und fragt angesichts wachsender Diskriminierungen nach der Inklusionsfähigkeit öffentlicher Räume in einer europäischen Stadt wie Berlin.
Complicity
Authors: Ziemer Gesa
Published: November 2016

Occupy, Commons and other social experiments show: New collectivities are invented and tested. Gesa Ziemer enriches this debate through the insight that in the process, the reinterpretation of old forms of joint action can play an essential role. By looking at complicities in art, science and economy, ongoing collectivization is exposed. Complicity means the committing of an act together, so the definition of criminal law. But for a long time now the concept has also been targeted at legal collective actions - mainly in innovative environments. Individuals act jointly in an intensely affective way - albeit only temporarily, bindingly in common - but still individually, inventively - and at the same time in a goal-oriented manner.
Moderne Jugend vor Gericht
Authors: Sack Heidi
Published: November 2016

Die »Steglitzer Schülertragödie« von 1927/28 fasziniert bis heute. Der berühmteste Mordprozess der Weimarer Republik, bei dem Jugendliche vor Gericht standen, erfuhr damals die ungeteilte Aufmerksamkeit der Öffentlichkeit. In ihrer mikrogeschichtlich angelegten Studie nutzt Heidi Sack dieses spannende Geschehen als Brennglas für größere Debatten der Zeit - und zeigt, dass am Beispiel der angeklagten Jugendlichen letztlich erbittert und kontrovers über die Moderne verhandelt wurde. Ihre Studie bereichert die Neue Kulturgeschichte und bietet unkonventionelle Einblicke in eine Epoche der deutschen Geschichte, die gemeinhin als gründlich erforscht gilt.
Peer moderation of asynchronous online discussions: An exploratory study of peer e-moderating behaviour
Authors: Ghadirian Hajar
Published: November 2016

This study explored patterns of e-moderating behaviour students performed when they were assigned as peer moderators of asynchronous online discussions in a reciprocal manner. Eighty-four students from an undergraduate blended course were observed during a 7-week-long online discussions. Using quantitative content analysis peer moderators’ interventions were analysed based on Smet, Keer, Wever, and Valcke’s (2010) scheme. The descriptive results show information exchange and knowledge construction supports were of continuous importance. Finally, a cluster analysis identified three distinct patterns of e-moderating behaviour: low-level moderators, mid-level moderators, and high-level moderators. The clusters differed in types of e-moderating support as well as their patterns of participation. High-level moderators dominated knowledge construction support and showed high level of online participation. Mid-level moderators dominated information exchange support and exhibited a moderate level of participation. Socialisation support and low level of participation were characteristics of low-level moderators. We further examined how these approaches were related to peer moderators’ perceptions of online discussions and academic performance. The results indicate that high-level moderators scored highest on all aspects of perceptions of online discussions and outperformed peer moderators in the other clusters with regard to academic performance.
Editorial 32(4): An argument for research significance
Authors: Henderson Michael , Heinrich Eva , Lee Chwee Beng
Published: November 2016

A recurring theme in the criticism of research relating to educational technology is that the field is swamped by descriptive studies. This work often does not provide for generalisation to population or theory, and rarely adds to our understanding of how the educational technology application or practices can be understood in terms of other contexts. Arguably, it is not sufficient to simply demonstrate that an effect was observed in response to an educational technology practice. There is an onus on researchers to consider how their findings are significant beyond the confines of their study.
U-Turn Lanes in Narrow-Width Median Openings: Design Criteria for a Safe and Efficient Project
Authors: Distefano N. , Leonardi S.
Published: November 2016

U-turn lanes eliminate left turns at intersections and allow the manoeuvre to be made via median crossovers beyond the intersection. However, there are many situations where road infrastructures are characterized by the reduced width of the median. It is clear that, in such situations, we must adopt design criteria that take into account limitations imposed by the width of the cross-section of the road.

This is the reason why it is necessary to adopt design solutions which expect a complete reorganization of the road section affected by the insertion of U-turns.

In this paper, we intend to propose original guidelines for U-turn lane design, suitable to guarantee both the necessity to offer a high level of functionality of the road sections to be implemented by U-turns, and the principles of safety in order to reduce unsafe conditions during inversion manoeuvres as much as possible.
Magneto-Thermo-Mechanical Buckling Analysis of Mindlin Plate Reinforced with FG-Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Kolahchi R. , Esmailpour M. , Safari M.
Published: November 2016

A buckling analysis of temperature-dependent embedded plates reinforced by single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) subjected to a magnetic field is investigated. The SWCNTs are distributed as uniform (UD) and three types of functionally graded nanotubes (FG), in which the material properties of the nano-composite plate are estimated based on the mixture rule. The surrounding temperature-dependent elastic medium is simulated as Pasternak foundation. Based on the orthotropic Mindlin plate theory, the governing equations are derived using Hamilton's principle. The buckling load of the structure is calculated based on an exact solution by the Navier method. The influences of elastic medium, magnetic field, temperature and distribution type, and volume fractions of SWCNT are shown on the buckling of the plate. Results indicate that CNT distribution close to the top and bottom are more efficient than that distributed near the mid-plane for increasing the stiffness of the plates.
Multivariate Information Dynamic Monitoring System Application of Tunnel Construction Process Model Test
Authors: Liu Q. , Chen J. , Wei L. , Huang P. , Luo Y. , Pu X.
Published: November 2016

Geomechnical model testing has been widely applied as a kind of research technique in underground engineering problems. However, during the practical application process, due to the influence of many factors, the desired results cannot be obtained. In order to solve this problem, based on the measurement requirements of the model test, combined with FBG(Fiber Bragg Grating) sensor technology and traditional measurement methods, an FBG monitoring system, Micro-multi-point displacement test system, resistance strain test system and surrounding rock pressure monitoring system are developed. Applying the systems to a model test of the tunnel construction process, the displacement in advance laws of tunnel face, radial displacement distribution laws and surrounding rock pressure laws are obtained. Test results show that a multivariate information monitoring system has the advantage of high precision, stability and strong anti-jamming capability. It lays a solid foundation for the real-time data monitoring of the tunnel construction process model test.
Stationary Kirchhoff equations with powers
Authors: Hebey Emmanuel
Published: November 2016

We discuss existence of solutions, compactness and stability properties in
closed manifolds for the critical Kirchhoff equations

(
a
+
b

∫
M

|
∇
u

|
2

d

v
g

)

θ
0

Δ
g

u
+
h
u
=

u

p
-
1

,

\Bigg{(}a+b\int_{M}\lvert\nabla u|^{2}\,dv_{g}\Bigg{)}^{\theta_{0}}\Delta_{g}u%
+hu=u^{p-1},

where

Δ
g

{\Delta_{g}}

is the Laplace–Beltrami operator,
h is a

C
1

{C^{1}}

-function in M,

p
∈

(
2
,

2
⋆

]

{p\in(2,2^{\star}]}

,

a
,
b
,

θ
0

>
0

{a,b,\theta_{0}>0}

are positive real numbers,
and

2
⋆

{2^{\star}}

is the critical Sobolev exponent.
A fractional critical dimension

d
0

=

2
⁢

(

1
+

θ
0

)

θ
0

{d_{0}=\frac{2(1+\theta_{0})}{\theta_{0}}}

appears in the critical case

p
=

2
⋆

{p=2^{\star}}

.
The Effect of Crossing the Native Złotnicka Spott Ed Pigs with Other Breeds on Slaughter Value of Fatt Eners and Quality of Dry-Cured Meat Products
Authors: Janiszewski Piotr , Grześkowiak Eugenia , Szulc Karolina , Borzuta Karol , Lisiak Dariusz , Lisiak Beata
Published: November 2016

The dry-cured necks and hams produced from the meat of Złotnicka Spotted (ZS) pigs and their crossbreds with Duroc and Polish Large White, were tested. The slaughter value of the fatteners was determined (lean meat content, backfat thickness, area of the loin cross-section). The water, fat, protein and NaCl content was established in the final products. The meat colour (L* a* b*) and pH were measured. The final products were subjected to sensory evaluation and ranked on the scale of 1-5 points. Crossing the Złotnicka Spotted with the PLW resulted in higher lean meat content by approx. 4 percentage points (p.p.) and in thinner back fat thickness by 0.6 cm. Dry-cured ham produced from the meat of different fattener groups did not differ significantly in terms of physico-chemical traits as well as sensory traits. The sensory characteristics of both ham and neck received high scores (on average above 4.5 points). It was found that the tested products differed in terms of chemical content. The dry-cured necks contained approx. 19.45% of fat in the group of the ZS × PLW crossbreds whereas in other groups this figure was 2 to 6 p.p. higher. The dry-cured ham that was produced was based on the meat of purebred pigs containing 3 to 4.6 p.p. less fat compared to the crossbreds with the Duroc. The research proved that crossing the ZS with PLW and Duroc did not make the quality of the dry-cured products deteriorate.
Inferential Acts and Inferential Rules. The Intrinsic Normativity of Logic
Authors: Reinmuth Friedrich , Siegwart Geo
Published: November 2016

We outline a pragmatic-normative understanding of logic as a discipline that is completely anchored in the sphere of action, rules, means and ends: We characterize inferring as a speech act which is in need of regulation and we connect inferential rules with consequence relations. Furthermore, we present a scenario which illustrates how one actually assesses or can in principle assess the quality of logical rules with respect to justificatory questions. Finally, we speculate on the origin of logical rules as a means of supporting our practice of inferring.
Norms as Equilibria
Authors: Lahno Bernd
Published: November 2016

This paper presents a survey on contemporary RC accounts of norms. The characteristic common feature of these accounts is that norms are understood as equilibrium selection devices. The most sophisticated positions driven by this idea are Herbert Gintis’ theory of norms as choreographers and Cristina Bicchieri’s theory of norms as solutions to mixed motive games. In order to give a comprehensive account of social norms, though, RC theory needs to be substantially extended. In particular, it seems to be impossible in principle to fully understand the concept of normativity and the motivating power of norms within a traditional, pure RC framework.
Avenues of influence: on the political expenditures of corporations and their directors and executives
Authors: Bonica Adam
Published: November 2016

The literature on corporate political influence has primarily focused on expenditures made by corporations and their PACs but has largely ignored the political activities of the individuals who lead these firms. To better understand the role of corporate elites in political advocacy, I introduce a new database of campaign contributions made by corporate directors and executives of Fortune 500 firms. Donating to political campaigns is nearly universal among corporate elites. When compared to corporate PACs, corporate elites are more ideological, more willing to support non-incumbents, and less likely to target powerful legislators. The results also reveal substantial heterogeneity in the political preferences of directors both across and within firms. In addition to challenging widely held beliefs about the political leanings of corporate elites, the prevalence of bipartisan boardrooms has important implications for how the preferences of key decision-makers within a firm shape its political activities.
Low expression of miR-192 in NSCLC and its tumor suppressor functions in metastasis via targeting ZEB2
Authors: Yunxia Zhang , Hongying Dong
Published: November 2016

Objectives

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for more than 80% of all lung cancer cases. The aim of this study was to investigate the function and underlying mechanism of microRNA-192 (miR-192) in metastasis of NSCLC cells.

Methods

Real-time PCR was applied to quantify the expression of miR-192 in NSCLC tissues and cell lines, matched with their corresponding controls. The biological roles of miR-192 were studied in NSCLC cells using the wound healing and trans well invasion assays. Real-time PCR and western blot were used to evaluate the regulation of ZEB2 by miR- 192.

Results

MiR-192 was expressed significantly lower in NSCLC tissues/cells when compared with controls. Ectopic expression of miR-192 strongly inhibited cell migration and invasion in NSCLC A549 cells. Further investigation revealed ZEB2, an EMT regulator, was one of the downstream targets regulated by miR-192.

Conclusion

These results suggested that miR-192 inhibits the metastasis of NSCLC cells by targeting ZEB2, and thus is an important tumor suppressor.
The use of cone-beam computed tomography in furcation defects diagnosis
Authors: Cimbaljević Milena , Misić J. , Janković S. , Nikolić-Jakoba N.
Published: November 2016

Background: The use of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), as an additional diagnostic tool in daily dental practice, has expanded rapidly in recent years. Since CBCT allows assessment of dento-maxillofacial structures in three-dimensional manner, its use may be very tempting in alveolar bone furcation defects (FDs) diagnosis. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the impact of clinical experience and experience with CBCT on FD detection in patients with periodontitis. Material and Methods: Fifteen patients with chronic generalized severe periodontitis were included in the study. In total, 168 furcation sites were analyzed on CBCT images by a previously trained senior year undergraduate student (O1) and a PhD student with three years of CBCT experience (O2), and compared to clinical findings (probing). CBCT images were analyzed on two separate occasions, within a 7-day interval. FDs were assessed both clinically and on CBCT images, using a dichotomous scale (present/absent). Intraobserver agreement for each observer was calculated by using Kappa coefficient (k). Interobserver agreement and agreement between CBCT and clinical findings for both observers were calculated. Results: Kappa coefficient value for both observers indicated a high intraobserver agreement (k1=0.75; k2=0.94). Interobserver agreement of CBCT image analyses was present in 72.6% (73.0% in maxilla, 71.7% in mandible). Agreement between CBCT image analyses and clinical findings for O1 was 48.8% and 51.2% for O2. Conclusion: It can be assumed that clinical experience and CBCT proficiency do not have an impact on FD detection on CBCT images, if an appropriate training was previously performed.
Antimicrobial activity of three Lamiaceae essential oils against common oral pathogens
Authors: Nikolić Miloš , Marković Tatjana , Marković Dejan , Glamočlija Jasmina , Ćirić Ana , Smiljković Marija , Soković Marina
Published: November 2016

Chemical composition, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of commercial essential oils ' samples from the aerial plant parts of H. officinalis, R. officinalis and S. officinalis were investigated. Analyses by GC-FID and GC-MS confirmed 52 oil components. The major constituent of the H. officinalis oil was cis-pinocamphone (34.4%), followed by trans- pinocamphone (23.3%), and β-pinene (11.3%). Analysis of R. officinalis oil revealed 1.8-cineol as a major constituent (43.8%), as well as trans- pinocamphone (12.5%), α-pinene (11.5%) and β-pinene (8.2%). The most dominant constituent of S. officinalis oil was cis-thujone (32.7%), in addition to camphor (17.2%), 1.8-cineol (10.1%), α-pinene (8.6%), trans- thujone (7.7%) and camphene (7.3%). The essential oil antimicrobial activity assay was performed by the use of microdilution method against oral Candida spp. and bacteria, the major causative agents of a number of human oral disorders; all of them were susceptible to tested concentrations of H. officinalis, R. officinalis and S. officinalis essential oils, although the oil of S. officinalis exhibited the lowest antimicrobial potential. The results obtained in this study encourage use of investigated essential oils from Lamiaceae family in development of safe natural agents for prevention and/ or alternative therapy of human oral diseases. However, a special care during development of an effective natural preparation is required.
Preprosthetic laser assisted mandibular vestibuloplasty
Authors: Kacarska Marina , Dimitrovski O. , Popovic-Monevska D.
Published: November 2016

A prosthetic treatment of the edentulous mandible can be very challenging. In cases with inadequate buccal depth, a necessary deepening of the oral vestibule can be achieved by surgically detaching the soft tissue attachments. A preprosthetic vestibuloplasty is usually done surgically by scalpel. With the permanent advancement of laser technology, a laser vestibuloplasty has become a preferred surgical procedure. The aim of this report was to present individuality of a mandible vestibuloplasty performed with Er. YAG laser. A 69-year-old patient was referred to the University Department of oral surgery after several previous unsuccessful attempts to stabilize his lower denture. The intraoral assessment revealed complete mandibular edentulism and a shallow vestibule with sufficient bone height in the anterior region. Since the patient's financial resources precluded dental implants, mandible anterior vestibuloplasty was planned to deepen the vestibule thus increasing the anatomic basis for prosthetic rehabilitation. The vestibuloplasty was performed with Er-Yag Laser (Fotona Fidelis III). The laser ablation started at the mucogingival junction. The soft tissue bands were ablated layer by layer till the desired vestibular depth was achieved. There was no need for suturing. No protective barrier was placed. The postoperative recovery was symptomless, without pain, oedema, or signs of infection. Four weeks after surgery, the healing process was completed and sufficient anterior vestibular depth was gained and maintained. Er.YAG laser assisted vestibuloplasty was a minimally invasive surgical procedure. The fast healing with minimal scarring resulted and a sufficient vestibular depth was gained.
Advanced glycation end products mediated cellular and molecular events in the pathology of diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Kumar Pasupulati Anil , Chitra P. Swathi , Reddy G. Bhanuprakash
Published: November 2016

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients and a leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Degenerative changes such as glomerular hypertrophy, hyperfiltration, widening of basement membranes, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, glomerulosclerosis and podocytopathy manifest in various degrees of proteinuria in DN. One of the key mechanisms implicated in the pathogenesis of DN is non-enzymatic glycation (NEG). NEG is the irreversible attachment of reducing sugars onto free amino groups of proteins by a series of events, which include the formation of Schiff’s base and an Amadori product to yield advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGE modification of client proteins from the extracellular matrix induces crosslinking, which is often associated with thickening of the basement membrane. AGEs activate several intracellular signaling cascades upon interaction with receptor for AGEs (RAGE), which manifest in aberrant cellular responses such as inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy, whereas other receptors such as AGE-R1, AGE-R3 and scavenger receptors also bind to AGEs and ensue endocytosis and degradation of AGEs. Elevated levels of both serum and tissue AGEs are associated with adverse renal outcome. Increased evidence supports that attenuation of AGE formation and/or inhibition of RAGE activation manifest(s) in improving renal function. This review provides insights of NEG, discusses the cellular and molecular events triggered by AGEs, which manifest in the pathogenesis of DN including renal fibrosis, podocyte epithelial-mesenchymal transition and activation of renin-angiotensin system. Therapies designed to target AGEs, such as inhibitors of AGEs formation and crosslink breakers, are discussed.
Performance evaluation of ImmunoCAP® ISAC 112: a multi-site study
Authors: van Hage Marianne , Schmid-Grendelmeier Peter , Skevaki Chrysanthi , Plebani Mario , Canonica Walter , Kleine-Tebbe Jörg , Nystrand Mats , Jafari-Mamaghani Mehrdad , Jakob Thilo
Published: November 2016

Background:

After the re-introduction of ImmunoCAP

Methods:

The study was carried out at 22 European and one South African site. Microarrays from different batches, eight specific IgE (sIgE) positive, three sIgE negative serum samples and a calibration sample were sent to participating laboratories where assays were performed according to the manufacturer’s instructions.

Results:

For both the negative and positive samples results were consistent between sites, with a very low frequency of false positive results (0.014%). A similar pattern of results for each of the samples was observed across the 23 sites. Homogeneity analysis of all measurements for each sample were well clustered, indicating good reproducibility; unsupervised hierarchical clustering and classification via random forests, showed clustering of identical samples independent of the assay site. Analysis of raw continuous data confirmed the good accuracy across the study sites; averaged standardized, site-specific ISU-E values fell close to the center of the distribution of measurements from all sites. After outlier filtering, variability across the whole study was estimated at 25.5%, with values of 22%, 27.1% and 22.4% for the ‘Low’, ‘Moderate to High’ and ‘Very High’ concentration categories, respectively.

Conclusions:

The study shows a robust performance of the ImmunoCAP
Antiphosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies as biomarkers to identify severe primary antiphospholipid syndrome
Authors: Hoxha Ariela , Mattia Elena , Tonello Marta , Grava Chiara , Pengo Vittorio , Ruffatti Amelia
Published: November 2016

Background:

Anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin (aPS/PT) antibodies have begun to be considered potentional biomarkers for antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). This cohort study investigate the role of aPS/PT antibodies as a risk factor for severe APS by evaluating the association between those antibodies and clinical/laboratory profiles of APS.

Methods:

Plasma/serum samples from 197 APS patients, 100 healthy subjects and 106 patients with autoimmune diseases were collected. IgG/IgM aPS/PT antibodies were assayed using commercial ELISA kit.

Results:

Prevalences of IgG and IgM aPS/PT (p<0.0001 and p=0.0009, respectively) and their titres (p<0.0001 and p=0.0002, respectively) were significantly higher in thrombosis/pregnancy group with respect to pregnancy morbidity alone. Prevalences of IgG and IgM aPS/PT (p<0.0001 and p=0.0004, respectively) and their mean levels (p=0.0001 for both) were significantly higher in the prematurity linked to life-threatening obstetric complications group with respect to miscarriage group. There was a significant relationship between IgG and IgM aPS/PT (p=0.001 and p=0.0002) and their mean levels were higher (p=0.0004 and p=0.0002, respectively) in the thrombotic microangiopathy group, considered a milestone manifestation of catastrophic APS. The relationship between IgG and IgM aPS/PT was significant and mean levels were higher in triple positive antiphospholipid antibody patients than in double and single positivity ones (p<0.0001 for all).

Conclusions:

APS/PT antibodies were associated to severe thrombosis, severe pregnancy complications inducing prematurity, and vascular microangiopathy, all generally associated to high risk APS forms requiring strong therapy.
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Cholera Toxin A-1 Polypeptide
Authors: Badshah Syed Lal , Khan Abdul Naeem , Mabkhot Yahia Nasser
Published: November 2016

A molecular dynamics (MD) simulation study of the enzymatic portion of cholera toxin; cholera toxin A-1 polypeptide (CTA1) was performed at 283, 310 and 323 K. From total energy analysis it was observed that this toxin is stable thermodynamically and these outcomes were likewise confirmed by root mean square deviations (RMSD) investigations. The Cα root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) examinations revealed that there are a number of residues inside CTA1, which can be used as target for designing and synthesizing inhibitory drugs, in order to inactivate cholera toxin inside the human body. The fluctuations in the radius of gyration and hydrogen bonding in CTA1 proved that protein unfolding and refolding were normal routine phenomena in its structure at all temperatures. Solvent accessible surface area study identified the hydrophilic nature of the CTA1, and due to this property it can be a potential biological weapon. The structural identification (STRIDE) algorithm for proteins was successfully used to determine the partially disordered secondary structure of CTA1. On account of this partially disordered secondary structure, it can easily deceive the proteolytic enzymes of the endoplasmic reticulum of host cells.
From expectation to concepts: Toward multilevel grounding in musical semantics
Authors: Antović Mihailo
Published: November 2016

This paper initiates a theory of musical semantics based on the notions ofcross-domain mappingfrom cognitive linguistics andgroundfrom the philosophy of language. The central claim is that listeners construct musical meaning on the basis of neither free associations nor fixed clues inherent to the musical structure. Rather, the process is grounded in a hierarchical system of six contextual constraints. On level one, the first glimpse of meaning emerges from directphysiologicalreactions, as when a segment of music is described as “tense.” On level two,image-schematicstructure begins to be constructed, e. g., a “hopping” staccato. Level three isconnotational, ascribing emotional qualities to the music, while on level four, the meaning becomesconceptual, relating the music to rich imagery, e. g., “a medieval battle.” On level five, conceptual meaning interacts with an elaboratedcultural context, motivating rich descriptions at the intersection of two or more conceptual domains, e. g., when the “battle” is replaced by “gods coming down from Olympus.” Level six hosts associations grounded in personal experience. To support the proposal, a representative set of verbal descriptions from a recent experimental study on musical meaning is analyzed, showing both the emergence of new conceptual content and the hierarchical nature of grounding. In doing so, the contribution attempts to formally capture the old paradox of musical semantics: that music is full of meaning, yet that this meaning is highly underspecified, manifested in apotentialrather than definite form.
Complex geophysical investigation of the Kapušany landslide (Eastern Slovakia)
Authors: Kušnirák David , Dostál Ivan , Putiška René , Mojzeš Andrej
Published: November 2016

Geophysical survey is a very useful and popular tool used by engineering geologists to examine landslides. We present a case study from the Kapušany landslide, Eastern Slovakia, where a broad spectrum of geophysical methods were applied along two perpendicular profiles in order to compare the ability of the methods to detect as many structural features of the landslide as possible. The 2D Electrical Resistivity Tomography inverse model was capable of defining the geological structure of the landslide and defining the shear zone, however the resolution of the inverse model does not allow us to identify cracks or other minor features of the landslide. These, however, were well recorded in the results of Dipole Electromagnetic Imaging and the Self Potential method. In addition microgravimetry, Gamma-Ray Spectrometry and Soil Radon Emanometry were experimentally employed to validate the results obtained from electrical methods and afterwards final geological models, based on the integrated interpretation of all involved methods were constructed.
Kodaira dimension of moduli of special cubic fourfolds
Authors: Tanimoto Sho , Várilly-Alvarado Anthony
Published: November 2016

A special cubic fourfold is a smooth hypersurface of degree 3 and dimension 4 that contains a surface not homologous to a complete intersection. Special cubic fourfolds give rise to a countable family of Noether–Lefschetz divisors

𝒞
d

{{\mathcal{C}}_{d}}

in the moduli space

𝒞

{{\mathcal{C}}}

of smooth cubic fourfolds. These divisors are irreducible 19-dimensional varieties birational to certain orthogonal modular varieties. We use the “low-weight cusp form trick” of Gritsenko, Hulek, and Sankaran to obtain information about the Kodaira dimension of

𝒞
d

{{\mathcal{C}}_{d}}

. For example, if

d
=

6
⁢
n

+
2

{d=6n+2}

, then we show that

𝒞
d

{{\mathcal{C}}_{d}}

is of general type for

n
>
18

{n>18}

,

n
∉

{
20
,
21
,
25
}

{n\notin\{20,21,25\}}

; it has nonnegative Kodaira dimension if

n
>
13

{n>13}

and

n
≠
15

{n\neq 15}

. In combination with prior work of Hassett, Lai, and Nuer, our investigation leaves only twenty values of d for which no information on the Kodaira dimension of

𝒞
d

{{\mathcal{C}}_{d}}

is known. We discuss some questions pertaining to the arithmetic of K3 surfaces raised by our results.
Electoral Behaviour’s Conditionality of Young People in Communal Elections (The Example from Surveyed University Students in Constantine the Philosopher University)
Authors: Michvocíková Veronika
Published: November 2016

The exploration of electoral behaviour’s conditionality of young people is based on the theoretical and empirical exploitation of their approach. Theoretical definitions of the communal politics’ knowledge are needed for their empirical analysis. Theoretical part of the present issue contents definitions of key words. Key words are connected with the communal politics’ area. Specifically, we need to define politics. It is also necessary to specify politics’ role in the contemporary society. This issue focusses on the communal politics. It also specifies the basic aim of the communal politics and it also defines communal politics’ objectives and specifications. At last, there is also described the participation of individuals on communal politics’ formation and development. Generally, the citizens are considered to be actors of the communal politics. Therefore, it is necessary to focus on the conditions of the individuals’ participation on electoral process. Communal politics’ empirical exploration is characterised by the conditionality of the individuals’ participation on electoral process in their residence. In this context, it is important to deal with the impact of individual aspects on the voter decisions of individuals. In the society, there are various groups of people. Young people are one of the significant sociable groups. They gradually incorporate into decision processes. Decision processes affect young people’s existence of daily life. Their decisions are determined by the exposure of general factors of the socialization. Therefore, it is important to explore determinants of the young people’s participation on communal politics. According to this, 180 students on Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra attended the survey Received data were processed Statistical Software SPSS 20 by univariate, bivariate and multivariate data’s analysis.
Guided by the light: Roost choice and behaviour of urban Rainbow Lorikeets (Trichoglossus haematodus)
Authors: Daoud-Opit Savannah , Jones Darryl N.
Published: November 2016

1. The formation of large communal roosts is a conspicuous phenomenon associated with a wide range of bird species successfully exploiting urban environments. In many Australian cities, the abundance of the Rainbow Lorikeet (Trichoglossus haematodus), a native parrot, has increased markedly in recent decades, with the species roosting in very large numbers within suburban sites. These roosting locations are noisy and cause significant fouling of the land beneath, resulting in conflict with humans.

2. We investigated the selection of roosting sites in this species in Brisbane, Australia, by comparing characteristics of both the general sites of these roosts as well as individual trees used within roosting sites and trees that were avoided.

3. Lorikeets used a wide variety of tree types for roosting but demonstrated a clear preference for clumped trees within sparsely treed areas that received significantly more artificial light at night than otherwise suitable sites and trees nearby.

4. These features of roosting sites may enhance the detection of nocturnal predators by Rainbow Lorikeets, suggesting a potential positive impact of anthropogenic lighting. Our findings provide valuable insights into the management of roost-related conflicts in urban areas. We encourage further investigations into the possible benefits of artificial light.
Overlooked Opportunity: Trade in Services
Authors: Jensen J. Bradford
Published: November 2016

Politicians love the manufacturing sector (almost as much as they love farmers). The current administration has in place a number of programs to support the manufacturing and set as a goal to “create one million new manufacturing jobs by the end of 2016.” (Bogage, Jacob. “Obama’s elusive promise to add one million new manufacturing jobs,” Washington Post, May 5, 2016. Source: https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/obamas-elusive-promise-to-deliver-1-million-new-manufacturing-jobs/2016/05/05/717d8cd0-107a-11e6-93ae-50921721165d_story.html.) The current administration is not alone, both major party presidential nominees also have policies to focus on the manufacturing sector – often involving some type of change to US trade policy. Clinton has back-tracked on the Trans-Pacific Partnership trade agreement and Trump goes further to propose applying 45 percent tariffs on goods from China and 35 percent on goods from Mexico – all seemingly with an eye to aiding the manufacturing sector. While a rebound in the manufacturing sector would be welcome, it is unlikely to have a material impact on the aggregate US employment picture – in 2012, manufacturing accounted for only about 8 percent of the labor force. Worse, focusing on the manufacturing sector diverts attention from a real opportunity: trade in services. The United States has a significant opportunity for increased growth through exports of business services. Global trade increased almost 7-fold over the period 1980–2010. Services share of world trade has increased from about 15 percent in 1980 to 20 percent in 2010. The United States share of global services trade has grown from about 10 percent in 1980 to 14 percent in 2010 – a growing share of a growing pie (World Trade Organization website. http://www.wto.org/english/res_e/statis_e/trade_data_e.htm.). The growing middle-class in emerging economies will likely combine to increase demand for services globally [Eichengreen and Gupta (2009) demonstrate a strong correlation between GDP per capita and the share of business services in GDP, suggesting that rising incomes are associated with increased demand for services.].
Univalence in locally cartesian closed ∞-categories
Authors: Gepner David , Kock Joachim
Published: November 2016

After developing the basic theory of locally cartesian localizations of presentable locally cartesian closed

∞

${\infty}$

-categories,
we establish the representability of equivalences and show that univalent families, in the sense of Voevodsky, form a poset isomorphic to the poset of bounded local classes, in the sense of Lurie.
It follows that every

∞

${\infty}$

-topos has a hierarchy of “universal” univalent families,
indexed by regular cardinals, and that n-topoi have univalent families classifying

(

n
-
2

)

${(n-2)}$

-truncated maps.
We show that univalent families are preserved (and detected) by right adjoints to locally cartesian localizations, and use this to exhibit certain canonical univalent families in

∞

$\infty$

-quasitopoi (certain

∞

${\infty}$

-categories of “separated presheaves”, introduced here).
We also exhibit some more exotic examples of univalent families, illustrating that a univalent family in an n-topos need not be

(

n
-
2

)

${(n-2)}$

-truncated, as well as some univalent families in the Morel–Voevodsky

∞

${\infty}$

-category of motivic spaces, an instance of a locally cartesian closed

∞

${\infty}$

-category which is not an n-topos for any

0
≤
n
≤
∞

${0\leq n\leq\infty}$

.
Lastly, we show that any presentable locally cartesian closed

∞

${\infty}$

-category is modeled by a combinatorial type-theoretic model category, and conversely that the

∞

${\infty}$

-category underlying a combinatorial type-theoretic model category is presentable and locally cartesian closed.
Under this correspondence, univalent families in presentable locally cartesian closed

∞

${\infty}$

-categories correspond to univalent fibrations in combinatorial type-theoretic model categories.
Evaluation of heating uniformity in radio frequency heating systems using carrot and radish
Authors: Kong Ling , Zhang Min , Wang Yuchuan , Adhikari Benu , Yang Zaixing
Published: November 2016

Lack of heating uniformity is a major problem impeding the broader adaptation of radio frequency heaters in industrial applications. The overall aim of this study was to evaluate the uniformity of heating or temperature distribution within food samples (three different carrot and one radish rectangles) placed vertically and horizontally within a radio frequency heating cavity. The intensity of the electric field in radio frequency was found to be symmetrical. The temperatures at the vertically top positions were lower than the vertically bottom positions at the equidistance from the vertical center with the highest was at the vertically central position. The rate of temperature rise at all the positions were higher in taller (higher mass) than the shorter (lower mass) rectangles of carrots. The temperatures at the corners and edges were lower than at the cross sectionally central positions at all the heights tested in both carrots and radishes. The rate of temperature rise at all the vertical positions was higher in radish rectangles than in the carrot rectangles of the same dimensions. The similarity of temperature distribution in carrot and radish rectangles suggested that the heating patterns and uniformity in carrots and radishes in RF heating were almost the same.
Soil porosity distribution representative elementary area analyzed through gamma-ray computed tomography
Authors: Ferreira Talita Rosas , Pires Luiz Fernando
Published: November 2016

This study aims to use γ-ray computed tomography images to define the representative elementary area of the soil porosity distribution. Different textured soils from Southeast Brazil and different schemes of areas were analyzed. The image acquisition was performed in 2006 using a first generation γ-ray computed tomography system equipped with 241Am radioactive source. Consecutive increasing areas located at the center (scheme 1), the inferior (scheme 2) and superior (scheme 3) borders of the sample computed tomography image, with size areas ranging from 1.2 to 678.8 mm², were selected. The full width at a half maximum parameter was used to describe the samples soil porosity distribution and mathematical analysis concepts were adopted to define the representative elementary area. The representative elementary areas found for the sandy soil (Geric Ferralsol) and clayey soils (Rhodic Ferralsol and Eutric Nitosol) were respectively: 514.3, 514.3 and 555.4 mm² (scheme 1); 279.5, 393.3 and 457.4 mm² (scheme 2); and 457.4, 457.4 and 457.4 mm² (scheme 3). The results confirmed that the representative elementary area were influenced by the soil texture and management. Different schemes were noticed to provide different representative elementary areas for the same soil, which suggests that this procedure was efficient to detect the heterogeneity inside the soil samples.