bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Análisis y diseño de algoritmos y tipos de datos
Authors: Toro Bonilla Miguel
Published: September 2023

Este libro está orientado a la enseñanza de la asignatura Análisis y Diseño de Datos y Algoritmos, que es la continuación natural de Fundamentos de Programación. Para abordar el diseño de algoritmos, es necesario tener asimilados los elementos de la programación en algún lenguaje previo; en este sentido es importante conocer el lenguaje Java y sus peculiaridades para seguir el contenido, en el que ocupan un lugar central las técnicas para el diseño de algoritmos iterativos, las técnicas de diseño de algoritmos recursivos, su análisis y las transformaciones de un tipo de algoritmo en otros. Junto al diseño de algoritmos también se abordan el diseño de tipos y el uso de tipos diseñados por otros. Al final, se incluyen ejemplos, muchos de ellos resueltos, de diseños de algoritmos y de diseño de tipos de datos. Este manual es el resultado de la experiencia docente acumulada durante varios años en la Universidad de Sevilla.
Mapeo sobre el uso de la Neurotecnología en educación desde una perspectiva ética
Authors: García-Martínez Inmaculada , Torres-Hernández Norma , Espinosa-Fernández Irene , Checa-Domene Lara
Published: September 2023

La neurotecnología posee una gran tradición desde el ámbito clínico. Sin embargo, cada vez está más presente en el campo de la educación. Este trabajo de revisión trata de ofrecer una panorámica sobre las investigaciones basadas en neurotecnología educativa que consideren el componente ético en su diseño e implementación. Para ello, se siguieron las directrices PRISMA para la realización de revisiones sistemáticas y metaanálisis en las bases de datos Web of Science, Scopus, ERIC y Science Direct. Tras el proceso de doble revisión con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión considerados, la muestra de la revisión quedó fijada en 12 artículos. Los principales hallazgos encontrados reivindican la efectividad de utilizar la neurotecnología en el campo de la educación, especialmente para el alumnado con necesidades educativas especiales. Asimismo, muestra su utilidad para la adquisición de aprendizajes instrumentales y obtener mejoras en diferentes ámbitos de desarrollo como la atención, la memoria o la motivación. Sin embargo, además de los beneficios implícitos, la inclusión de la neurotecnología educativa implica una serie de retos tanto para el profesorado, como para las instituciones educativas, relacionadas con la formación, la ética y la gestión administrativa y económica de estos recursos y herramientas. De igual modo, pese a existir diferentes estudios de naturaleza teórica, se hace un llamado para la realización de más estudios empíricos sobre esta temática
Adaptación del cuestionario para el estudio de la competencia digital de estudiantes de educación superior (CDAES) a la población colombiana
Authors: Mejia Corredor Carolina , Ortega Ferreira Sandra , Maldonado Currea Adriana , Silva Monsalve Alexandra
Published: September 2023

Este artículo presenta los resultados del proceso de adaptación y validación del instrumento de medición de Competencia Digital del Alumnado de Educación Superior (CDAES) a la población colombiana. El cuestionario fue primero revisado y ajustado por un equipo de investigadores compuesto por cinco profesores universitarios con alta experiencia en el aprendizaje digital; luego, fue evaluado por un dos expertos en competencias digitales; y posteriormente aplicado a una muestra de 103 estudiantes de diferentes programas académicos de modalidad virtual de una institución de educación superior colombiana. Los resultados de la validación estadística presentan indicadores positivos para cada una de las dimensiones evaluadas del cuestrionario que se consideran suficientemente integrales. Por lo que se concluye que la implementación del instrumento es adecuada para la población colombiana, siendo el cuestionario viable en la medición de la competencia digital de estudiantes universitarios, permitiendo determinar las causas de la brecha digital y favoreciendo su reducción.
Latest clinical research
Authors: Greener Mark
Published: September 2023

A round-up of the latest studies of interest to primary care nurses by Mark Greener
Defining the optimal position of the lipped liner in combination with cup orientation and stem version
Authors: Navacchia Alessandro , Pagkalos Joseph , Davis Edward T.
Published: September 2023

Aims

The aim of this study was to identify the optimal lip position for total hip arthroplasties (THAs) using a lipped liner. There is a lack of consensus on the optimal position, with substantial variability in surgeon practice.

Methods

A model of a THA was developed using a 20° lipped liner. Kinematic analyses included a physiological range of motion (ROM) analysis and a provocative dislocation manoeuvre analysis. ROM prior to impingement was calculated and, in impingement scenarios, the travel distance prior to dislocation was assessed. The combinations analyzed included nine cup positions (inclination 30-40-50°, anteversion 5-15-25°), three stem positions (anteversion 0-15-30°), and five lip orientations (right hip 7 to 11 o’clock).

Results

The position of the lip changes the ROM prior to impingement, with certain combinations leading to impingement within the physiological ROM. Inferior lip positions (7 to 8 o’clock) performed best with cup inclinations of 30° and 40°. Superior lip positions performed best with cup inclination of 50°. When impingement occurs in the plane of the lip, the lip increases the travel distance prior to dislocation. Inferior lip positions led to the largest increase in jump distance in a posterior dislocation provocation manoeuvre.

Conclusion

The lip orientation that provides optimal physiological ROM depends on the orientation of the cup and stem. For a THA with stem anteversion 15°, cup inclination 40°, and cup anteversion 15°, the optimal lip position was posterior-inferior (8 o’clock). Maximizing jump distance prior to dislocation while preventing impingement in the opposite direction is possible with appropriate lip positioning.

Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2023;12(9):571–579.
Global and local fat effects on bone mass and quality in obesity
Authors: Dai Xin , Liu Beizhong , Hou Qingtao , Dai Qijie , Wang Di , Xie Bo , Sun Yue , Wang Bin
Published: September 2023

Aims

The aim of this study was to investigate the global and local impact of fat on bone in obesity by using the diet-induced obese (DIO) mouse model.

Methods

In this study, we generated a diet-induced mouse model of obesity to conduct lipidomic and 3D imaging assessments of bone marrow fat, and evaluated the correlated bone adaptation indices and bone mechanical properties.

Results

Our results indicated that bone mass was reduced and bone mechanical properties were impaired in DIO mice. Lipidomic sequencing and bioinformatic analysis identified 373 differential lipids, 176 of which were upregulated and 197 downregulated. Functional enrichment analysis revealed a significant downregulation of the pathways: fat digestion and absorption (ko04975) and lipolysis regulation in adipocytes (ko04923) in DIO mice, leading to local fat accumulation. The use of 3D imaging confirmed the increase in fat accumulation within the bone marrow cavity of obese mice.

Conclusion

Our study sheds light on the intricate interplay between fat and bone, and provides a non-toxic and non-invasive method for measuring marrow adipose tissue.

Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2023;12(9):580–589.
The abundance and types of plankton in milkfish ponds at Banyuasin South Sumatera
Authors: Fitrani Mirna , Septiyani Reni , Jubaedah Dade , Wijayanti Marini , Septimesy Annisa , Mulyani Yenni Sri
Published: September 2023

Tidal lowland is an area with significant potential for fisheries development, especially in aquaculture. Abundant water supply and land availability provide great opportunities for cultivating aquaculture commodities such as fish, shrimp, and crab. However, effective water quality management poses a significant challenge, necessitating a comprehensive evaluation based on biological, physical, and chemical assessment. Among the crucial parameters influencing water fertility, the presence of plankton stands out. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate water fertility by identifying plankton species, abundance, diversity, dominancy, and water quality in milkfish ponds at Banyuasin, South Sumatra. The results showed that the abundance of phytoplankton and zooplankton ranged from 1030-1791 individual L-1 and 103-461 individual L-1, respectively. Furthermore, Bacillariaceae was recorded to be the highest specie, followed by Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, Protozoa, Rotifer, and Arthropoda. The range diversity index varied between 1 to 2.6, while the density and dominance indices ranged from 0.9 and 1, as well as 0.1 and 0.8, respectively. The classification of the pond's fertility fell within the mesotrophic category, signifying a moderate level. In conclusion, the water quality maintained an optimum range, thereby supporting the growth of plankton and milkfish. Meanwhile, only ammonia was below the optimum range stipulated by PP No. 22 of 2021 suggested.Keywords:bioindicatormilkfishplanktontidal lowlandwater quality
Total plate count and Salmonella spp. in de-boned milkfish (Chanos chanos) in Palu City, Indonesia
Authors: Ndobe Samliok , Merpati Ellen Oktanike , Rusaini Rusaini , Serdiati Novalina , Rusdi Rusdi
Published: September 2023

High total plate count (TPC) and the presence of Salmonella spp. in food products can cause health problems for consumers. De-boned milkfish products are popular with consumers in Palu City, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, but there is a lack of data on their safety. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate TPC levels and detect contamination by Salmonella spp. in these products. Samples of fresh and processed milkfish were collected from two de-boned milkfish processing sites: the Technical Implementation Unit for the Application of Fishery Product Quality Control (TIU-AQFP) and the Melona Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise (MSME) Group in Palu City. Microbiological assays included counting the number of bacterial colonies (TPC) as well as the isolation and identification of Salmonella spp. through biochemical tests. The study applied a completely randomized factorial design with three replicates per site and per product (12 experimental units). De-boning had a significant (P0.05) effect on TPC (1.26×103 to 2.20×103 CFU/g for de-boned milkfish compared to 4.28×103 to 2.94×104 CFU/g for fresh unprocessed milkfish). However, the types of bacteria identified in fresh and de-boned milkfish, including Klebsiella, Enterobacter and Citrobacter, were present at non-pathogenic levels. No Salmonella spp. contamination was found in the test samples. These results indicate that de-boned milkfish products from the TIU-AQFP and Melona MSME Group in Palu City are safe and suitable for human consumption.Keywords:Bone-free milkfishBacterial contaminationPathogen assayFish processingFood safety
The analysis of chlorophyll-a distribution in fishing areas of Aceh Waters
Authors: Riandi Muhammad , Irham Muhammad , Rusdi Muhammad , Deli Anwar , Abdullah Faisal , Miswar Edy
Published: September 2023

The distribution and abundance of fish are strongly influenced by several oceanographic parameters, one of which is chlorophyll-a. Chlorophyll-a is one of the oceanographic parameters that play an important role in primary productivity in the sea. The distribution of chlorophyll-a contained in phytoplankton can be used as a measure of fertility in water. With advances in geographic information systems or remote sensing, the distribution of chlorophyll-a can be used to estimate fish catchment areas. This study aims to look at the distribution of chlorophyll-a in Aceh waters both spatially and temporally to predict fishing locations. This study used satellite imagery combined with a Geographic Information System (GIS) to detect chlorophyll-a’s distribution. The results of satellite image processing show that the average monthly value of chlorophyll-a in Aceh waters ranges from 2.71 – 23.54 mg/m3, areas with high chlorophyll-a are generally located in the western waters of Aceh to the southwestern waters of Aceh, while areas with The lowest chlorophyll-a is generally in areas far from the coast (towards the open sea) with a range of 0.04 – 0.5 mg/m3 where the lowest average occurs in the east monsoon. However, in general, the potential locations for fishing grounds are more in the waters west of Aceh than in the waters north of Aceh, Aceh waters.Keywords:Chlorophyll-aSatellite imageFishing areaGeographic information SystemAceh Waters
A comparative analysis of osteocranium morphology in Lutjanus johnii (Bloch, 1792) and Lutjanus gibbus (Forsskal, 1775) inhabiting different habitats
Authors: Radhi Muhammad , Firdus Firdus , Muchlisin Zainal Abidin
Published: September 2023

The snapper species Lutjanus gibbus (L. gibbus) is commonly found in coastal areas characterized by coral reefs and clear water, while Lutjanus johnii (L. johnii)  resides in mangrove waters with murky conditions and strong currents. The habitat plays a crucial role in influencing  body shape and ossification patterns in fish. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the differences in the cranial bone morphology between the two Lutjanus fish species that resided in contrasting habitats. The fish samples were collected from local fishermen operating in the waters of Pulo Aceh, Aceh Besar, Indonesia. Following capture, the fish were transported and landed at Lampulo Fishing Port in Banda Aceh for further analysis. For each species, a total of 5 fish samples were randomly selected, and thorough cleaning of scales and muscles was performed before the drying of the bones. These dried cranial bones were then photographed, edited, and subjected to detailed analysis. The study showed that, of the 23 observed skull bone characters, 15 characters showed the differences in the cranial bones of the two snapper species, including the pre-ethmoidal, ethmoidal lateralis, prefrontal, supraorbital, nasal, ethmoidal, sphenoticum, crista occipital, lacrimal, inter-opercular, opercular, preopercular premaxilla, endopterygoideum, and hyomandibular. Significant differences were observed in the bones composing the eyes, nose, jaws, and ventral region of the head. In the mangrove snapper (L. johnii), the bones associated with the eyes (orbitospenoidal, supraorbital, and prefrontal) were less developed, while those related to the nose (nasal, ethmoidal, ethmoidal lateralis, pre-ethmoidal) showed well-developed characteristics. The coral snapper L. gibbus displayed a relatively small but thicker premaxilla bone in the jaw region, along with smaller bones in the ventral head area.Keywords:OsteologyMorphologyEcomorphologyOsteocraniumMaxillare
From ‘I’ to ‘we’: an exploration of how theories of cooperation might inform policymaking around sustainable travel behaviour
Authors: Donegan Brendan , Gold Natalie , Dyson Pete , Bartle Caroline
Published: September 2023

This article considers how theories of social cooperation might be helpful in developing policy levers for changing travel behaviours towards environmentally beneficial outcomes, especially in reducing private car use. ‘Theories of cooperation’ can be described as a shift away from a ‘traditional’ economic focus on selfish individuals to one where individuals care what those around them are doing and even sometimes identify with, and think as, groups. We use a simplified ‘game’ to show how game theory offers a very constrained backdrop to thinking about cooperation in a transport setting: it neglects important social factors, both strategic ones and the general social interactions and ease that may be required as a backdrop to cooperation in real life. We then apply this to ‘use cases’ (lift sharing, on-site travel planning, safe cycle storage and peer-to-peer information sharing) that bridge the gap between the abstractions of theories of cooperation, on the one hand, and the practicalities of policymaking and lived reality, on the other. In doing this, we show how cooperation in travel behaviour can develop in two different ways: as emergent social phenomena (for example, the informal-economy approach to car or bicycle repair) and purposeful policy initiatives (for example, rail-fare discounts for two people travelling together, such as the UK’s ‘two together’ railcard). Somewhat reductively, these could be described as ‘bottom-up’ and ‘top-down’ elements within behaviour-change processes. The article shows that: (1) cooperation exists ‘naturally’ in the ‘travel-behaviour policy space’; (2) there is a wealth of opportunities for policy to help make cooperation happen more and/or work better; and (3) this includes opportunities to create the conditions required for cooperation to exist and flourish.
Emoting up, emoting down: status, authenticity and the emotional labour of STEM graduate students
Authors: Smith Kylie M.
Published: September 2023

Various studies have examined emotional labour’s positive and negative aspects, but the structural conditions under which people experience emotional labour as fulfilling vs. taxing are underexplored. In this study, I use interviews with graduate students – a group whose relative social status changes routinely – to illuminate the types of emotion work that occasion positive and negative feelings. I find that graduate students often felt positive when performing emotional labour down the academic hierarchy to undergraduate students but felt negative about their emotional labour when performing it up the academic hierarchy to professors. I also find that women, people of colour and international students find their emotional labour particularly distressing when they perceive it to be an expectation of their marginalised social identity. Using identity theory, I show how status dynamics underlie people's emotional reactions when their identities are at risk of being disconfirmed. This research study contributes to the field of the sociology of emotions by specifying that status matters for whether emotional labour is a positive or negative experience for workers.
Holding "surprise wide open": The Healing of the Paralysed Man Lowered through the Roof in the Poetry of Seamus Heaney
Authors: Jack Alison
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Seamus Heaney refers to the Gospel story of the healing of the paralysed man lowered through the roof directly in "The Skylight," "Miracle," and "The Latecomers." It is argued that each of these poems reflects aspects of the Lukan, Markan, and Matthean version of the story respectively. Furthermore, these poems transform the story into a metaphor for theological reflection: in "The Latecomers," on the nature of Christ; in "Miracle," on humanity; in "The Skylight," on poetic inspiration. The open roof, what is left behind after the miracle has happened, offers a profound perspective on the meaning of life and what lies beyond.
Rewriting Epic and Redefining Glory in Lucy Hutchinson’s Order and Disorder
Authors: Garey Wesley
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Since the 1999 rediscovery of Order and Disorder , her epic-length paraphrase of Genesis, the Puritan poet Lucy Hutchinson (1620–1681) has received a well-deserved critical revaluation, drawing attention to her Reformed poetics and her Lucretius translation. However, surprisingly little scholarship has examined Hutchinson’s interest in Virgil’s Aeneid , which takes up substantial space in her commonplace book. In this essay, I argue that Hutchinson’s biblical epic intertextually draws on the Aeneid to contrast the glory of Aeneas and Augustus with that of Abraham, suggesting that true glory consists not of conquest, but of humbly receiving divine blessing and extending it to others.
Original Sin and Feminine Virtue in Hannah More’s Coelebs in Search of a Wife
Authors: Chance Janna Smartt
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Though rarely read today, Hannah More’s Coelebs in Search of a Wife was one of the bestselling novels of the early nineteenth century. This essay explores an underexamined tension within More’s evangelical novel: its expectation that exemplary Christian women, such as the heroine Lucilla Stanley, be angelically good yet wracked with guilt over their sinfulness. Drawing upon the writings of More’s friends and collaborators, William Wilberforce and John Newton, this essay ties the inconsistencies in Lucilla’s characterization to broader tensions within evangelical thought—mixed messages that evangelical women had to grapple with throughout much of the nineteenth century.
“Kind of Magic Back Here”: Gardening and Human Limitations in George Saunders’s “The Semplica Girl Diaries”
Authors: Moncrieff Scott
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Previous scholars have noted George Saunders’s interest in critiquing American consumerist mentality and satirizing corporate ethics. A smaller number have studied Saunders’s interest in the human experience as defined through a spiritual quest. The material and spiritual collide in this essay, which studies Saunders’s use of the Semplica Girls, in “The Semplica Girl Diaries,” to embody an intersection between our human limitations and our responses to those limitations through material, aesthetic, and spiritual avenues.
Protesting against Those Who Have “Risen up against Princes ”: How Political Concerns Alter John Donne’s Usually Ecumenical Voice
Authors: Lunderberg Marla
Published: September 2023

Abstract: John Donne’s angry portrayal of Jesuits in England, different from his usual generous posture toward a wide variety of Christian confessions, is focused in Ignatius His Conclave (1611) on what he perceives to be an abuse of spiritual authority for political ends. The portrait Donne draws in his satire is a caricature of a Jesuit, one who stands apart from spiritual matters, a character clothed almost wholly in political cloth. Many cultural conditions contributed to Donne’s perception, from the English response to the Gunpowder Plot to King James’s attempt to define a difference between loyal and disloyal Roman Catholic English.
Re-membering the Body: Transferred Anamnesis in John Bunyan’s Grace Abounding
Authors: Docherty Tom
Published: September 2023

Abstract: John Bunyan’s 1666 spiritual autobiography, Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners , attempts to fill a semiotic void at the heart of Reformed theology by transferring the understanding of bodily “remembrance” (or, in the Platonic and Scriptural traditions, “anamnesis”) from the Catholic Eucharist, transubstantiated and consumed, to the vivid corporeal response that, in Bunyan, comes from remembering Scripture. This essay argues that the intensely bodily language with which Bunyan describes his everyday recollections of Scripture is an idiosyncratic response to a crisis in signification for Protestants. Peter Goldman identifies in Bunyan a concern with “literary iconoclasm” that “led, ironically, to metaphorical language”; this essay contends that such language in Grace Abounding stems instead from Bunyan’s concern with corporeal refashioning, and that its primary motive is the relocation of remembrance in religious practice.
T.S. Eliot as a Pentecostal Playwright: Towards a Pneumatic Poetic
Authors: Crace Benjamin D.
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Following the postmodern, “spiritual” turn and the growing influence of experience-oriented, Pentecostalized Christianity, this paper seeks to build a pneumatic poetic from philosophical/theological foundations all the way through to the literary with T.S. Eliot as an interlocutor. Aspects of Eliot’s thinking are shown to align with recent trends in theology and cosmology. Moving from hermeneutic to poetic via the Scriptures, I argue Eliot’s concerns with language and experience cohere with a pneumatic orientation that gets worked out in his drama. The resultant pneumatic poetic is used to manifest that orientation in his last play The Elder Statesman .
Virtue in the Virtual
Authors: Noble Chris
Published: September 2023

Abstract: After a year of “virtual” education in American colleges and universities, a new dynamic is emerging between neoliberalism and virtual technologies. This article analyzes the role that religious virtues, as opposed to classically liberal secular values, might play in this emerging social and academic landscape.
A World Grown Strange: A Summons to Teachers of Literature
Authors: Wood Ralph C.
Published: September 2023

Abstract: The calamities of our dystopian time tempt teachers of literature either to a stiff defense of traditional Western civilization or else to a flaccid acceptance of post-modernist relativism. This essay argues that both strategies are mistaken. Since for post-modernists no tradition can be definitive, they are obliged to welcome Christians to voice our own history-laden tradition in a tournament of narratives. I buttress this claim by reference to the lessons that Flannery O’Connor learned, albeit imperfectly, about the intrinsic claims of art that must not be suborned to anything extrinsic, not even to unprecedented evils.
“Some Work of Noble Note”: Changes and Chances in Literary Pedagogy
Authors: Willett Mischa
Published: September 2023

Abstract: English departments at Christian liberal arts institutions have faced a broadband array of economic and cultural challenges in recent years, some generated at the departmental or programmatic level and other imposed from without due to shifting generational commitments; thankfully that same regraded terrain has unearthed opportunities to remake ourselves, to renew our commitments to the college-level study of the good, the true, and the beautiful in literature.
Love Language: Toward a Re-Ordering
Authors: Prior Karen Swallow
Published: September 2023

Abstract: The future of literary studies for Christian students and scholars depends on a return to the love of the very basis of literature: language. National surveys, enrollment trends, and anecdotal evidence point to a decline in the study of and facility in language itself. The abstraction of ideas, theories, and concepts from literature that is increasingly dominant in literary studies cannot replace study of the medium of literature—language. To those who wield the power of language best go the spoils.
“Living on the Fat of the Faith”: On Founding an MFA at the University of Saint Thomas
Authors: Hren Joshua
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This essay examines the need for new literature that makes attractive what we ought to worship even as it helps us “locate” ourselves amidst the continuum that swings from self-deceit to wisdom. It considers the ways in which a Catholic Christian Masters of Fine Arts (MFA) might make a distinctive contribution to these ends.
The Imagination of Their Hearts: The Coming Apocalypse in Literary Studies
Authors: Hodgkins Christopher
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Literary theory has always been theology by other means, a claim borne out by this essay’s brief survey of modern theoretical approaches as points of view and as failed god’s-eye views. Like John’s Apocalypse, my alarming title is more hopeful than it sounds; for while humanistic literary study is indeed doomed to increased disintegration and irrelevance if it continues to be cut off from its roots in biblical exegesis, Christian aesthetics, and moral theology, the human heart always will have its reasons for making, telling, and interpreting poems and stories. Thus the likely institutional collapse of secular literary humanism over the next decade or two into a welter of competing propagandas will be the moment of revelation and rebirth, if Christian readers and critics are wise enough to reject the tyranny of the postmodern non serviam and get on with their proper business: being good servants of beauty and truth.
Revelatory Beasts: Christina Rossetti on the Apocalypse and Creation's Worship
Authors: King Joshua
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This article explicates Christina Rossetti's view that the four beasts surrounding God's throne in Revelation disclose the worship of all creation. It examines Face of the Deep , her commentary on Revelation, alongside her related portrayals of creation's worship in poems included in that commentary and her other devotional writings. It thereby expands recent attention to Rossetti's ecotheology, showing how her view of creation's praise informs her resistance to anthropocentrism, as well as her insistence that Christian devotion and practice must anticipate the life of the world to come through compassionate kinship with other creatures as fellow participants in divine love.
"beside this corrupt and holy stream": Sacramental Water in Wendell Berry's Jayber Crow
Authors: Lambert Christina J.
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This study of water in Jayber Crow helps illuminate the eschatological vision of Wendell Berry and shows how love for the earth can also manifest itself in a love for heaven, not by disdaining the earth but by embracing its sacramentality. Jayber's life is shaped by the river that runs through his story and influences him physically and spiritually. It is the river that guides him home, moves him to the camp house, shows him the beauty of living alongside of nature, baptizes him, and teaches him how to articulate his hope. Seen in this light, Jayber Crow acts as a clarion call for preserving sacramental realities such as water. This reading dwells in the intersection of blue-ecocriticism, ecotheology, and sacramental theology, showing how Jayber's story weaves together the spiritual and physical significance of water and teaches us that in order to heal our ecological relationships, we must heal our sacramental imaginations.
“A Curious Pattern Like a Tree:” Edenic Death and Life in Virginia Woolf’s Mrs Dalloway
Authors: Porter Molly E.
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This paper charts Virginia Woolf’s use of arboreal imagery drawn from Dante and the Bible in Mrs Dalloway to argue that she employs and subverts traditional Christian symbolism to create a uniquely modern conception of interconnected immortal life. Guided by the images of the Edenic and infernal trees that pervade this novel, we can more fully grasp Woolf’s roots in religious tradition that branch into an utterly transformed vision of life and death. I argue that Woolf’s treatment of Christianity sheds a key light on secular re-conceptions of eschatology in the wake of modern(ist) social and psychological trauma.
Salvation, Doom, and Romans 8 in Alan Paton’s Too Late the Phalarope
Authors: Benson Sean
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Critics of Too Late the Phalarope have often misread the novel’s biblical language as well as the many ironies it contains. In particular, Alan Paton juxtaposes the unforgiving language of the Immorality Act with the promise in Romans 8 that nothing can separate one from the love of God. Paton uses Romans as a leitmotif in the novel to distinguish between the positive law of human beings and the divine law in which grace supersedes fate. Because of the multiple characters who announce to Pieter van Vlaanderen the compassion of friends and family as well as God’s forgiveness, he is able to avoid the Sophoclean doom that threatens to overwhelm his life. Critics have also rightly pointed to the sexual exploitation of Stephanie and her exclusion from the circle of human grace, but the novel’s Pauline frame opens the even more important prospect for her of divine redemption.
It Skips a Generation: Spirituality in David Foster Wallace and James Joyce
Authors: Brick Martin
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Much scholarship recognizes David Foster Wallace’s break with postmodern literature, particularly his identification of John Barth as a “patriarch for my patricide,” and his role establishing a new movement in writing, sometimes identified as “New Sincerity.” But part of Wallace’s new ethos included a return to modernist literature as a model for spirituality and ethics. This essay explores correspondences between Wallace and James Joyce. Across a variety of works, both authors present intellectually gifted but spiritually unmoored characters, balanced by characters who are less intellectually engaged, but more grounded thanks to a naïve, intuitive spirituality.
Patricia Highsmith’s Surprising Knight of Faith
Authors: Adams Don
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This essay considers Patricia Highsmith’s 1969 North African novel, The Tremor of Forgery , as the story of the spiritual trial of the novel’s protagonist, Howard Ingham. The novel conventionally has been read as the story of Ingham’s ethical failure and existential malaise following a series of personal and professional life traumas. With reference to the philosophy of Søren Kierkegaard, which exerted a profound influence upon Highsmith, this essay argues, rather, that Ingham is rightly interpreted as a knight of faith who responds to his life traumas with an invigorated sense of existential possibility and a newfound appreciation of spiritual ideals.
Della's Rage: Race and Religion in Marilynne Robinson's Jack
Authors: Engen Abram Van
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This essay examines the racial politics of Marilynne Robinson's latest novel, Jack . Comparing it to her earlier ones, the essay argues that Robinson more explicitly addresses problems of structural racism. But in highlighting those problems, Robinson remains committed to a view of human persons defined first and foremost by a soul that transcends racial identity. The racial politics of Robinson comes shaped by religion, especially by a belief in the imago Dei . As a result, some readers celebrate her sense of shared human nature, while others will see in it a failure to recognize the power and force of race.
Christian White Supremacy in Marilynne Robinson's Gilead Novels
Authors: Douglas Christopher
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Readers of Marilynne Robinson's Gilead novels will not learn from them that some historical traditions of American Christianity were engines of Christian white supremacy justifying slavery and segregation—despite the fact that the novels are about Christianity, slavery, and segregation. This marked absence has become increasingly clear in the years since she first published Gilead in 2004, especially with her most recent addition of Jack in 2020. The absence of Christian white supremacy in Robinson's novels shapes a cultural memory of Christian innocence for her and for her readers—a striking evasion that aligns with the Christian Right's rewriting of its origin story to be not a reaction against Civil Rights but against abortion.
What's Love Got to Do With It? Christianity, Africanism, and Privilege in Marilynne Robinson's Jack
Authors: Brown Patricia
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Jack was the only beacon of hope in a step toward racial reconciliation in Marilynne Robinson's Gilead novels. Unfortunately, in Robinson's latest novel, Jack , Jack remains the static selfish, destructive, unreliable wanderer who is ill fit to combat racial discrimination, and thus unsuitable for Della. This article aims to examine why Jack and Della's relationship was destined for failure at its inception. The failure and impracticability of their interracial relationship becomes apparent upon explication of historical Christian passivism and separatism, Marilynne Robinson's American Africanist treatment of race relations, and Jack's use of his white privilege.
The Absurdity of the Ordinary: Exploring the Joban Theme in Ayako Sono's Mumeihi
Authors: Takagi Shinji
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This essay presents an exploration of Mumeihi [ The Unnamed Monument ], an enigmatic novel by Japanese Christian writer Ayako Sono. Recognized as a work of literature inspired by the biblical book of Job, Mumeihi is the story of how an elite civil engineer is killed by his wife, who becomes insane following their daughter's death. The novel's complex plot, multiple moving parts, absence of a biblical reference, and entirely pagan setting, have left its Joban origin elusive among the reading public. The essay uncovers the novel's Joban allusions and themes, including by using, as the interpretive key, Sono's own nonfictional writings.
William Shakespeare's All Is True , Lord Chamberlain's "Truth," and Civil Religion
Authors: Olson Paul A.
Published: September 2023

Abstract: The first title for Shakespeare's Henry VIII — All Is True —may reflect standard early modern usage signifying that all is an aspect of 'troth' or loyalty, all is common understanding, or all is received from a divine source. In the play, the Lord Chamberlain, Shakespeare's only character so named, serves the Henrician monarchy's "truth" by serving Henry's religious and monarchic goals as the Jacobean Lord Chamberlain similarly served James I's goals, assuring audiences of the integrity, truth, and legitimacy of the monarchy and its faith. The play shows the Lord Chamberlain working to strengthen the loyalty of Henry's realm to the putatively divinely sanctioned sovereignty flowing through the monarch. He does so to create a legitimate image of the Tudor regime pivotal to the Jacobean monarchy's need for support for its 1613 religious goals and the "troth" inherent in English civil religion.
Father Brown, Charity, and Christian Contributions to Critique
Authors: Knight Mark
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This essay approaches the topic of Christian poetics via a postcritical reading of the figure of Father Brown. I look to Chesterton's literary creation as an opportunity for thinking about Christian charity and its importance for the way in which literary critics practice critique. Along the way, the essay explores the meaning of the postcritical, plays with the conventions of the detective genre, and focuses on some of the recent contributions to the so-called method wars by scholars such as Bruce Robbins and Rita Felski.
Calvin on Divine Authority and Spenser's Mutabilitie Cantos
Authors: Walls Kathryn
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Despite the failure of Mutabilitie's appeal against Jove, she remains for some recent critics an admirable figure, and the Cantos remain unresolved. But in the light of Calvin's treatment of civil government the Mutabilitie Cantos cohere as a poetic adumbration of what Calvin prescribed as obedience to the "powers that be"; powers, however wicked, requiring the obedience due to God. Spenser echoes the vocabulary of Calvin's biblical sources, while insisting on the principle of delegation which links mortal magistrates to God. God is figured as Nature; Creation is designed to inspire faith.
Ruskin in the Mountains: Sketches of a Sacramental Worldview
Authors: Lough Christopher T.
Published: September 2023

Abstract: In this article, John Ruskin's extensive writings on mountains are understood as a window onto his broader epistemology. Building on recent studies of Ruskin's alpinism, his opposition to mountaineering among the Victorian middle classes is best understood when taking his vision as properly sacramental. Even through his changing interests, opinions, and religious beliefs, a natural theology that saw creation as the means of divine grace remained intelligible at the center of his thought. The vast scholarship on Ruskin has yet to fully grapple with the implications of his subtle, but very real, sacramental worldview.
"Candles in the Sunshine": The Protestant Ethos of Hubert Butler
Authors: Tobin Robert
Published: September 2023

Abstract: When essayist Hubert Butler (1900–1991) was rediscovered at the end of his life, he was hailed as a forerunner of the more tolerant Ireland that pluralists wished to see. Yet often overlooked was how much his vision of an inclusive, nonsectarian society remained rooted in Christian language and values. As a Southern Protestant, Butler approached this inheritance in ways that did not conform with the sentiments of either his own community or that of the Roman Catholic majority. Investigating both the strengths and weaknesses of Butler's approach to this inheritance is crucial to understanding his unique contribution to twentieth-century Irish life.
"God's special men": Missionaries in Brian Friel's Early Work
Authors: Boeninger Stephanie Pocock
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Brian Friel's unpublished play The Blind Mice (1963) and his short story "Foundry House" (1961) demonstrate his fascination with the unique type of exile represented by the Irish missionary. In each text it is the missionary's return—not, as might be expected, their departure—that disrupts the community that had sent them. Sent to carry spiritual truth to places seen as benighted, the missionary's return to Ireland paradoxically reveals the deprivation of the place left behind. Ultimately, these early texts pave the way for the less orthodox spiritual figures in Friel's more successful later work.
The Poet as Christian?: Seamus Heaney and Irish Catholicism
Authors: Russell Richard Rankin
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This essay-review analyzes Kieran Quinlan's 2020 study, Seamus Heaney and the End of Catholic Ireland (Catholic University Press of America), noting its tendency to conflate Catholicism north and south of the border between Ireland and Northern Ireland and its bias against recovering Christian images, ideas, and values in Heaney's poetry. Heaney's Northern Irish Catholicism became a persistent element in his poetry and continued to influence it until his death in 2013.
Representing Contemporary Life and Searching for the Sacred in Dennis O'Driscoll's Poetry
Authors: Heininger Joseph
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Dennis O'Driscoll's poetry expresses with honesty and depth the workplace ennui, the many dissatisfactions bred by consumer culture, and the search for social belonging and a sense of the sacred that people try to create in their lives. His poetry explores our engagements with the world through his acute perception of the fraying contours and the emotional and spiritual impoverishment of life in a mainly secular world. O'Driscoll's clear-eyed vision and colloquial language reveal a freedom from fashionable idioms and ideas that makes him a salutary presence in the world of Irish poetry and beyond.
The Two Narrators of Sally Rooney's Beautiful World, Where Are You
Authors: Berry Sarah
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Sally Rooney's Beautiful World, Where Are You presents two different conceptions of beauty: morally inflected or purely aesthetic. Alice's interest in moral beauty leads her to an unorthodox faith in the Christian God, while Eileen, unable to believe in a God that unifies the good, the true, and the beautiful or accept Christ as the Word-made-flesh, looks for beauty in the world around her. Rooney crafts a narratological analogue for this way of seeing, a beautiful narrator that models looking past the mundane to see the hidden beauty in daily life.
Creative Writing and Critical Thought II Interpreters in Court
Authors: Apter Emily , Kitamura Katie
Published: September 2023

Abstract: The following exchange is the edited transcript of an event that took place online on February 24, 2022. The conversation is the second in a series jointly sponsored by New Literary History and the Center for Fiction that brings together novelists and poets with literary theorists and historians to create a series of in-depth conversations about the state of literary practice and study in the contemporary world.
How to Survive Totalitarianism: Lessons from Hannah Arendt
Authors: Roth Zoë
Published: September 2023

Abstract: In the wake of the Trump election, Hannah Arendt's Origins of Totalitarianism garnered renewed attention. In it, she argues that totalitarian ideology "is severed from the world individuals perceive through the five senses "and insists on a 'truer' reality concealed behind all perceptible things." By changing what appears true, totalitarian regimes can produce new, upside-down realities built on "alternative facts." The question of perception, appearance, and the senses points to the important role that aesthetics—or what pertains to sense perception—play in Arendt's theorization of totalitarianism. However, scholarly attention to aesthetic concepts in her thinking, including work/fabrication, common sense, and performance, mostly concentrates on later works that largely eschew the concrete political context of totalitarianism, fascism, and the concentration camp. This article argues that Arendt's analysis of totalitarianism provides a crucible for her development of aesthetic concepts and methods. Through drawing out the structure of totalitarianism's perceptual regime, it demonstrates that totalitarianism produces a form of anaesthesia. It destroys the concrete texture of reality and replaces it with hollowed out, atomized, and spectral traces of phenomenal experience. In turn, the article shows that situating Arendt's aesthetic thinking on fabrication and common sense in relation to totalitarianism reveals how aesthetic objects and criticism can challenge political forces' assault on reality.
The Homelessness of the Novel: Friedrich Blanckenburg and Novel Poetics
Authors: Renard Fredrik
Published: September 2023

Abstract: Of all the major literary genres, the novel is the only one that has no poetics of its own and thus no given place in the canon of genres established in Antiquity. Formally speaking, the novel emerged as a homeless genre—a fact with which it has had to cope ever since the rise in popularity of romance during the Italian renaissance. How this homelessness is dealt with is however not an historical constant but undergoes substantial change throughout the history of the novel. One watershed moment in this history takes place in the eighteenth century during the so-called modernization of the novel. In this period, the formal homelessness of the novel goes from being a problem to be solved externally in poetological treatises—an attempt to give the novel a place within tradition après coup—to being a problem internal to the novel. The present essay considers how this fact forever changes what it means for the novel to have a form by turning to the eighteenth-century German writer and critic Friedrich Blanckenburg and his seminal work Essay on the Novel.
The Art of Distinction
Authors: Jaussen Paul
Published: September 2023

Abstract: In this brief essay, I consider the following question: can systems thinking offer us a general theory of literary form? By "general theory," I mean the highest level of abstraction, akin to Thomas Kuhn's notion of a paradigm; I'll largely (though not entirely) pass over the "middle-level" concepts that Marjorie Levinson and Jonathan Culler call "poetics" and, lower still, the ordinary science of literary criticism that we call close reading.1 As a scholar trained in modernist poetry, I know that such abstractions are intrinsically risky; "no ideas but in things," William Carlos Williams warned.2 But I also believe that pursuing such a general theory can help us self-reflectively describe what we actually do as literary scholars, while also suggesting new modes of critical practice. Given that the last decade in literary studies was marked by a perhaps excessive attention to methodology, in this piece I'm less interested in proposing a cybernetic "way of reading" and more interested in systems thinking's capacity to help us understand why our discipline fosters so many ways of reading, more or less successful, to begin with.