bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identification of the Hub Genes in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Gui Huiwen , Gong Qi , Jiang Jun , Liu Mei , Li Huanyin
Published: July 2021

Purpose. Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is considered to be the most common neurodegenerative disease and also one of the major fatal diseases affecting the elderly, thus bringing a huge burden to society. Therefore, identifying AD-related hub genes is extremely important for developing novel strategies against AD. Materials and Methods. Here, we extracted the gene expression profile GSE63061 from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) GEO database. Once the unverified gene chip was removed, we standardized the microarray data after quality control. We utilized the Limma software package to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). We conducted Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses of DEGs. Subsequently, we constructed a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network using the STRING database. Result. We screened 2169 DEGs, comprising 1313 DEGs with upregulation and 856 DEGs with downregulation. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the response of immune, the degranulation of neutrophils, lysosome, and the differentiation of osteoclast were greatly enriched in DEGs with upregulation; peptide biosynthetic process, translation, ribosome, and oxidative phosphorylation were dramatically enriched in DEGs with downregulation. 379 nodes and 1149 PPI edges were demonstrated in the PPI network constructed by upregulated DEGs; 202 nodes and 1963 PPI edges were shown in the PPI network constructed by downregulated DEGs. Four hub genes, including GAPDH, RHOA, RPS29, and RPS27A, were identified to be the newly produced candidates involved in AD pathology. Conclusion. GAPDH, RHOA, RPS29, and RPS27A are expected to be key candidates for AD progression. The results of this study can provide comprehensive insight into understanding AD’s pathogenesis and potential new therapeutic targets.
Assessing the Applicability of Photocatalytic-Concrete Blocks in Reducing the Concentration of Ambient NO2 of Chandigarh, India, Using Box–Behnken Response Surface Design Technique: A Holistic Sustainable Development Approach
Authors: Singla Neeru , Singla Sandeep , Thind Parteek Singh , Singh Sandeep , Chohan Jasgurpreet Singh , Kumar Raman , Sharma Shubham , Chattopadhyaya Somnath , Dwivedi Shashi Prakash , Saxena Ambuj , Issakhov Alibek , Khalilpoor Nima
Published: July 2021

Anthropogenic emissions, such as industrial, vehicular, biomass burning, and coal combustion, play a significant role in degrading the atmospheric conditions of India. Therefore, in the present study, applicability of the photocatalytic-concrete blocks was estimated in improving the ambient environment of Chandigarh, India. The photocatalytic-concrete blocks were prepared by mixing the TiO2 particles with cement. All the experiments, designed in accordance with the Box–Behnken approach, in combination with response surface methodology, were performed in a batch reactor. Further, the process parameters, namely, concentration of TiO2 (1 to 5 g), UV-A irradiance (1 to 5 mW/cm2), and relative humidity (RH) (10 to 70%), were optimized to achieve maximum degradation of NO2. Outcomes of batch experiments depicted that the maximum degradation of NO2, that is, 68.32%, was attained at 3.35 g of TiO2, 5 mW/cm2 of UV-A irradiance, and 64.60% RH. The findings of batch experiment were further theoretically applied to degrade the ambient NO2 concentration of Chandigarh, India. It was estimated that using the photocatalytic concrete for construction of Chandigarh’s pavements may reduce the ambient NO2 concentration of Chandigarh, India, to an average of 5.80 μg/m3. Afterwards, reusability of photocatalytic-concrete blocks was also assessed, and it was made evident that after five cycles, their efficiency was reduced by only 7.15%. Subsequently, it was revealed that hydrogen peroxide-based treatment of photocatalytic-concrete blocks could completely regenerate its treatment efficiency. Therefore, it is expected that the findings of this study may prove beneficial in urban planning, as it may assist scientific auditory in identifying the applicability of TiO2-based photocatalysis in mitigating the impacts of vehicular emissions.
Acute Profound Thrombocytopenia Induced by Eptifibatide Causing Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage
Authors: Byrd Gregory , Custovic Sabina , Byrd David , Ingrassia Miano Deanna , Bathla Jasdeep , Attallah Antonious
Published: July 2021

Background. Eptifibatide is a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GP IIb/IIIa) receptor inhibitor which prevents platelet activation. The mechanism in which eptifibatide causes profound thrombocytopenia is poorly understood. One hypothesis suggests antibody-dependent pathways which cause thrombocytopenia upon subsequent reexposure to eptifibatide. This case reports acute profound thrombocytopenia (

platelets
<
20
×

10

3

/
m

m

3

) within 24 hours of administration. Alveolar hemorrhage occurred during a second eptifibatide infusion 5 days after initial asymptomatic eptifibatide treatment. Case Presentation. A 50-year-old male presenting with a STEMI was treated with eptifibatide during cardiac catheterization. Twelve hours posttreatment, the patient encountered profound thrombocytopenia and hemoptysis. The patient was briefly intubated for airway protection. The patient was stabilized after receiving platelet transfusion and fully recovered. Conclusion. This is one of several cases reported on eptifibatide causing acute profound thrombocytopenia and subsequent alveolar hemorrhage. This case supports the theory in which antibodies contribute to eptifibatide-induced thrombocytopenia.
Blood Pressure Control, Accessibility, and Adherence to Antihypertensive Medications: Patients Seeking Care in Two Hospitals in the Ashanti Region of Ghana
Authors: Adomako Nana Ofori , Marfo Afia Frimpomaa Asare , Opare-Addo Mercy Naa Aduele , Nyamekye Nathaniel , Owusu-Daaku Frances Thelma
Published: July 2021

Hypertension is the second leading cause of death in Ghana, partly accounting for two-thirds of all medical admissions and more than 50% of deaths. This study aimed to comparatively evaluate adherence and accessibility to antihypertensive medications at two different levels of healthcare facilities in Kumasi, Ghana, and determine factors associated with medicine accessibility and adherence. A cross-sectional study involving outpatient department (OPD) hypertensive patients, 143 at KNUST Hospital (UHS) and 342 at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), was conducted using a semistructured questionnaire. Correlations were drawn to evaluate the effect of accessibility and adherence on blood pressure control. A face-to-face interview was also conducted with relevant stakeholders involved in procurement of medicines. Blood pressure was uncontrolled in 50.4% (n = 72) of participants at UHS and 52.9% (n = 181) at KATH. With respect to medicine accessibility, 98.8% (n = 338) and 42.9% (n = 61) received at least one medication from the hospital pharmacy of KATH and UHS, respectively. Using MARS-10, 49.2% (n = 70) and 52.9% (n = 181) were nonadherent in UHS and KATH, respectively. There was a significant association between adherence and BP control at both UHS (

p
=
0.038

) and KATH (

p
=
0.043

). At UHS, there was a significant association between accessibility to medicines at the hospital and BP control (

p
=
0.031

), whilst at KATH, no significant association was observed (

p
=
0.198

). Supply chain practices and delays in payment by the NHIA affected accessibility to antihypertensive medications. Blood pressure control was inadequate among participants in both facilities. Accessibility to medicines was better at the tertiary facility compared to the secondary facility. Increased accessibility and adherence to antihypertensives were related to blood pressure control in both facilities. Good supply chain practices and prompt payment by the National Health Insurance Authority would enhance accessibility to antihypertensive medications.
Fatigue Performance of Rubber Concrete in Hygrothermal Environment
Authors: Liu Yushan , Pang Jianyong , Yao Weijing
Published: July 2021

It is widely accepted that the rubber concrete (RC) originating from waste is a promising material that can contribute to the conservation and rational use of natural resources and the protection of the environment. However, the fatigue performance in a hygrothermal environment is a major concern because little pertinent information is available in the relevant literature. In this study, a cyclic loading test was carried out on RC subjected to different wet‐dry cycles at different temperatures. The loading strain, plastic strain, and elastic strain of the concrete were compared and analyzed. The results revealed that the loading strain and plastic strain of the RC were obvious after the 1st loading cycle. As the number of loading cycles increased, the stress‐strain curve became denser and the RC exhibited good elasticity. As the wet‐dry cycles increased, the average plastic strain in the 10th–60th loading cycle increased while the elastic strain decreased. After 28 wet‐dry cycles, the average plastic strain at 60°C increased by 42.31% compared with 20°C. In fact, as the temperature became higher, the plastic damage incurred by the RC became more severe. Finally, the damage variable was defined based on the elastic modulus and plastic strain to evaluate the fatigue performance of the RC in a hygrothermal environment. The findings of this study can provide a useful reference for RC applications.
Unit Quaternion Description Method for Detecting High-Temperature Geothermal Well Drilling Conditions
Authors: Li Hongyan , Wang Pengtao , Liu Bin , Zhang Xianyu , Huang Hai , Chen Zhipeng , Xian Bao’an
Published: July 2021

When the typically utilized method for detecting the drilling conditions of high-temperature geothermal wells is applied, the detection takes a long time, the detection results are inconsistent with the actual conditions, and there are problems such as low detection efficiency and large detection deviation. Therefore, a method for detecting the drilling conditions of high-temperature geothermal wells described by a unit quaternion is proposed. Based on quaternion theory, the quaternion model of the position and attitude is constructed to obtain the drilling attitude. According to the analysis results and the basic principle of kernel principal component analysis, a model is built to realize the detection of high-temperature geothermal well drilling conditions. The experimental results show that in many iterations, the time required is stable and lower than that of other comparison methods, and the detection errors are all lower than 10%. The proposed method has high detection efficiency and low detection errors.
Prenatal Diethylstilbestrol Exposure and Cancer Risk in Males
Authors: Strohsnitter William C. , Hyer Marianne , Bertrand Kimberly A. , Cheville Andrea L. , Palmer Julie R. , Hatch Elizabeth E. , Aagaard Kjersti M. , Titus Linda , Romero Iris L. , Huo Dezheng , Hoover Robert N. , Troisi Rebecca
Published: July 2021

Background:

The influence of prenatal diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure on cancer incidence among middle-aged men has not been well-characterized. We investigated whether exposure to DES before birth impacts overall cancer risk, and risk of site-specific cancers.

Methods:

Men (mean age in 2016 = 62.0 years) who were or were not prenatally DES exposed were identified between 1953 and 1994 and followed for cancer primarily via questionnaire approximately every 5 years between 1994 and 2016. The overall and site-specific cancer rates of the two groups were compared using Poisson regression and proportional hazards modeling with adjustment for age.

Results:

DES exposure was not associated with either overall cancer [hazard ratio (HR), 0.94; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.77–1.15] or total prostate cancer rates (HR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.68–1.33), but was inversely associated with urinary tract cancer incidence (HR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.23–1.00).

Conclusions:

There was no increase in either overall or prostate cancer rates among men prenatally DES exposed relative to those unexposed. An unexpected risk reduction was observed for urinary system cancers among the exposed relative to those unexposed. These findings suggest that prenatal DES exposure is unlikely to be an important contributor to cancer development in middle-aged men.

Impact:

The results of this study could lend reassurance to middle-aged men who were prenatally DES exposed that their exposure does not adversely influence their overall cancer risk.
Validity and Reproducibility of Immunohistochemical Scoring by Trained Non-Pathologists on Tissue Microarrays
Authors: Jenniskens Josien C.A. , Offermans Kelly , Samarska Iryna , Fazzi Gregorio E. , Simons Colinda C.J.M. , Smits Kim M. , Schouten Leo J. , Weijenberg Matty P. , van den Brandt Piet A. , Grabsch Heike I.
Published: July 2021

Background:

Scoring of immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining is often done by non-pathologists, especially in large-scale tissue microarray (TMA)-based studies. Studies on the validity and reproducibility of scoring results from non-pathologists are limited. Therefore, our main aim was to assess interobserver agreement between trained non-pathologists and an experienced histopathologist for three IHC markers with different subcellular localization (nucleus/membrane/cytoplasm).

Methods:

Three non-pathologists were trained in recognizing adenocarcinoma and IHC scoring by a senior histopathologist. Kappa statistics were used to analyze interobserver and intraobserver agreement for 6,249 TMA cores from a colorectal cancer series.

Results:

Interobserver agreement between non-pathologists (independently scored) and the histopathologist was “substantial” for nuclear and membranous IHC markers (κrange = 0.67–0.75 and κrange = 0.61–0.69, respectively), and “moderate” for the cytoplasmic IHC marker (κrange = 0.43–0.57). Scores of the three non-pathologists were also combined into a “combination score” (if at least two non-pathologists independently assigned the same score to a core, this was the combination score). This increased agreement with the pathologist (κnuclear = 0.74; κmembranous = 0.73; κcytopasmic = 0.57). Interobserver agreement between non-pathologists was “substantial” (κnuclear = 0.78; κmembranous = 0.72; κcytopasmic = 0.61). Intraobserver agreement of non-pathologists was “substantial” to “almost perfect” (κnuclear,range = 0.83–0.87; κmembranous,range = 0.75–0.82; κcytopasmic = 0.69). Overall, agreement was lowest for the cytoplasmic IHC marker.

Conclusions:

This study shows that adequately trained non-pathologists are able to generate reproducible IHC scoring results, that are similar to those of an experienced histopathologist. A combination score of at least two non-pathologists yielded optimal results.

Impact:

Non-pathologists can generate reproducible IHC results after appropriate training, making analyses of large-scale molecular pathological epidemiology studies feasible within an acceptable time frame.
Hábitat urbano en la segunda década del siglo XXI: experiencia cubana
Authors: González Couret Dania
Published: July 2021

Como alternativa al modelo hegemónico en la región, Cuba aboga por mantener una sociedad inclusiva y justa con la mejor calidad de vida posible para todos, en un difícil contexto político. El artículo pretende una reflexión crítica sobre aportes y limitaciones en realizaciones teóricas y prácticas de la última década, resultado del trabajo continuado de un grupo de investigación que articula ciencia, formación y extensión como respuesta a problemas, objetivos y proyectos, en la construcción de un cuerpo teórico que sirve de base metodológica a la evaluación y propuesta de soluciones innovadoras. Partiendo del marco teórico y los antecedentes desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX, se presentan y discuten algunas experiencias y retos futuros. Se destacan las fortalezas del modelo cubano como el sentido de comunidad, solidaridad, organización social, resiliencia, iniciativa, creatividad, desarrollo humano, capital científico, y la presencia de un Estado que vela por la justicia y equidad. Los retos fundamentales se refieren a la urgente aprobación de la política y la ley que guíe el desarrollo del hábitat urbano bajo la gestión integrada de una institución única, un mejor aprovechamiento del capital científico técnico en ese campo y evitar la estratificación de la ciudad.
Partiendo del marco teórico y los antecedentes desde la segunda mitad del siglo XX, se presentan y discuten algunas experiencias y retos futuros. Se destacan las fortalezas del modelo cubano como el sentido de comunidad, solidaridad, organización social, resiliencia, iniciativa, creatividad, desarrollo humano, capital científico, y la presencia un estado que vela por la justicia y equidad. Los retos fundamentales se refieren a la urgente aprobación de la política y la ley que guíe el desarrollo del hábitat urbano bajo la gestión integrada de una institución única, un mejor aprovechamiento del capital científico técnico en ese campo y evitar la estratificación de la ciudad.
Panorama do comércio exterior brasileiro: evolução dos principais parceiros e produtos (1997-2020)
Authors: Mesquita Romeu Bonk , Merlo Edgard Monforte , Gremaud Amaury Patrick
Published: July 2021

Este artigo apresenta um panorama do comércio exterior brasileiro entre 1997 e 2020, destacando a evolução das relações comerciais com os três principais parceiros e as exportações de cinco produtos: soja, milho, café, carne e frango. Em seguida, levanta a discussão sobre a reprimarização da pauta exportadora brasileira à luz das teorias de comércio exterior, questionando a recente tendência de interpretação de que a América Latina estaria regredindo ao modelo agroexportador. Os resultados revelam múltiplas tendências da economia e do comércio brasileiro: a participação do comércio exterior no PIB mostrou-se estável e baixa durante todo o período; o aumento da participação de produtos agroindustriais nas exportações não se refletiu em maior participação do agronegócio no PIB; o mercado doméstico consome parcelas significativas da produção dos produtos analisados; os produtos analisados apresentaram ganho de produtividade e de consumo doméstico. Assim, o artigo conclui que o Brasil possui características híbridas e não pode ser simplesmente caracterizado como uma economia agroexportadora, apesar da crescente importância que vem adquirindo o agronegócio no comércio exterior no contexto latino-americano. Por fim, sugere-se possibilidades de novos estudos para expandir a análise para a região da América Latina.
Rumo a uma descolonização da psicologia latino-americana: condição pós-colonial, virada decolonial e luta anticolonial
Authors: Pavón-Cuéllar David
Published: July 2021

O objetivo deste artigo é revisar, analisar e discutir algumas das opções oferecidas a quem orienta seu trabalho para a descolonização da psicologia latino-americana. Essa orientação emergente é atualmente dominada pelo pensamento decolonial. No entanto, embora a decolonialidade permita questionar e talvez reverter as operações coloniais dentro e fora da esfera psicológica, ela ainda não levou a um retorno reflexivo do decolonial sobre si mesmo para examinar seus próprios limites e pontos cegos. No campo da psicologia, tal reflexão deve considerar questões como as aqui discutidas, entre elas o caráter irremediavelmente europeu da concepção psicológica do sujeito, o hibridismo das subjetividades atuais e sua cisão por contradição e exclusão mútua entre tradições culturais coexistentes na esfera subjetiva. Será mostrado como certas consequências e formas de persistência do colonialismo justificam a decolonização da psicologia, mas também podem complicá-la e até mesmo comprometê-la. Isso torna necessário que os psicólogos considerem seriamente a relação da virada decolonial com a condição pós-colonial e com a luta anticolonial.
Desastres socioambientais, turismo e resiliência: reflexões sobre o vazamento de óleo na costa do Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Fonseca Itamara Lúcia da , Oliveira Wagner Araújo
Published: July 2021

O artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma reflexão acerca dos impactos causados pelo vazamento de óleo ocorrido na costa do Nordeste do Brasil no que tange o campo do turismo, e propor estratégias de resiliência para destinos turísticos mediante desastres socioambientais. A pesquisa possui caráter exploratório e descritivo com abordagem qualitativa. Foram realizadas as pesquisas bibliográficas e em sites institucionais estaduais e do Governo Federal, bem como em portais online de notícias. Os estados do Pernambuco (PE), Ceará (CE) e Bahia (BA) foram selecionados para compor o recorte espacial por concentrarem o maior fluxo de turistas nacional e internacional no ano de 2019, de acordo com o Mapa do Turismo Brasileiro. O vazamento de petróleo até fevereiro de 2020 afetou 9 estados na região Nordeste. Diante da gravidade do desastre, governos estaduais, municipais e federal, com o auxílio de voluntários locais, realizaram ações em prol do combate às manchas de óleo. Assim, foram indicados elementos associados à lógica do turismo que podem ser impactados diretamente pelos efeitos de desastres socioambientais, como: imagem, competitividade, planejamento e sustentabilidade e, por fim, são propostas estratégicas, a partir da perspectiva da resiliência, para a gestão proativa de destinos turísticos que sofreram desastres socioambientais.
Hipoventilação relacionada ao sono de origem central secundária à deficiência de biotinidase: relato de caso
Authors: Silva Andressa Fernandes , Moraes Carolina Vicentim de , Pelissari Guilherme Andrade , Carneiro Zumira Aparecida , Lopes Marcela Almeida , Borsatto Taciane , Schwartz Ida Vanessa Doederlein , Lourenço Charles Marques
Published: July 2021

A hipoventilação relacionada ao sono de origem central resulta em hipercapnia relacionada ao sono na vigência de condições normais do sistema respiratório e excluindo-se outros fatores. Os pacientes portadores dessa patologia podem se apresentar assintomáticos ou com queixas de cefaleia matinal, déficit cognitivo e fadiga, além de eventos como a observação de respiração superficial. No presente relato, descreve-se o caso de uma paciente de 3 anos, com exame físico geral e neurológico normais, desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor adequado, apresentando irregularidades respiratórias e bradicardia durante o sono. Encaminhada para investigação de distúrbios respiratórios do sono, sendo diagnosticada com hipoventilação relacionada ao sono. Através do estudo genético, evidenciou-se a deficiência de biotinidade como a possível ãcausa da sintomatologia, comprovada por dosagens enzimáticas e teste genético molecular. O tratamento medicamentoso foi iniciado precocemente, determinando resolução dos sintomas descritos. A importância do presente relato se encontra na apresentação da deficiência da biotinidase com quadro cardiorrespiratório isolado em criança neurologicamente normal, ademais trata-se de um caso em que a etiologia de Breath-Holding Speels foi a deficiência dessa enzima. Correspondência sugerida pela resolução da hipoventilação central após a introdução da biotina. Além disso, nesse caso, os sintomas ALTE, que aterrorizam o observador e até o profissional, foram solucionados com tratamento simples, a ingesta oral de biotina. Esse relato de caso corrobora com a expansão das possibilidades de manifestações fenotípicas das formas tardias de deficiência de biotinidase, como o fenótipo da SHC.
Crises geradas por influenciadores digitais: propostas para prevenção e gestão de crises
Authors: Karhawi Issaaf
Published: July 2021

A parceria entre marcas e influenciadores digitais já faz parte do planejamento estratégico de comunicação das organizações. Algumas delas, no entanto, podem se tornar um risco para a reputação das empresas, especialmente no ambiente digital. Assim, o objetivo deste artigo é discutir conceitos de gestão de crises e seus impactos no relacionamento com a opinião pública. Além de propor a categoria de crises geradas por influenciadores digitais e apresentar ferramentas de prevenção para essas situações.
Comunicação financeira corporativa e o papel da atividade de Relações com Investidores no Brasil
Authors: Galdi Fernando Caio
Published: July 2021

Este artigo discute o papel e a relevância da comunicação financeira corporativa no mercado de capitais e da atividade de relações com investidores (“RI”) como sua executora. São apresentadas evidências empíricas do custo-benefício da área de RI para as empresas. Foco especial é dado para a atividade de RI no mercado de capitais brasileiro. Também são apresentados os desafios atuais para o desempenho da atividade de RI.
Em pauta a comunicação com investidores: relações privilegiadas da comunicação pública governamental
Authors: Haswani Mariângela Furlan
Published: July 2021

O artigo resgata a formação do “estamento burocrático brasileiro”, de Raymundo Faoro, e o histórico favorecimento dispensado a aristocracias no Brasil, inclusive a ampla e acessível disponibilização de informações governamentais ao setor financeiro. Após contextualização, por meio de revisão de literatura, a metodologia contempla quatro entrevistas com profissionais envolvidos em relações com investidores, escolhidos pelo tipo de relacionamento para confirmar as conclusões parciais, e a exibição de vídeo a investidores em Caderneta de Poupança para apurar a interpretação do conteúdo.
Passionate Belief: Ideology, Emotion and Terrorist Action
Authors: Smith Debra
Published: July 2021

Ideologies sit at the intersection of thought and emotion, capable of inspiring some people to greatness and driving others to commit horrendous acts of violence. Providing more than just systematic arguments, ideologies encourage shared political identities, help explain social circumstance, and frame what actions need to be taken in response. Ideologies often carry a negative connotation, particularly in relation to acts labelled as terrorism. Yet ideologies encourage people to imagine a future that is better than the present. In this sense, they are narratives of hope that can help to ameliorate the pain of everyday life. This essay draws on interviews and ethnographic fieldwork conducted with former members of the Provisional Irish Republican Army to examine the interplay between hope, ideology and acts of political violence. In doing so, it contributes to a growing body of scholarship that seeks to integrate emotions into the analyses of how individuals come to embrace violence as a political tactic.
The Fission of the Forbidden: The Popularity of Video Content in an Online Right-Wing Extremist Environment
Authors: Waldek Lise
Published: July 2021

Video platforms such as YouTube provide an environment where the blurred duality between content dissemination and creation facilitates the generation of social networks. Research into online violent extremist environments has often noted the prominence of video-sharing platforms as a means of distributing propaganda and cultivating social networks for purposes of recruitment. This paper draws from the study of emotion to examine three videos and associated comments that had high engagement, understood as the frequency of interactions, likes/upvotes and reposts in a given social network, in a right-wing extremist online milieu. This analysis highlights the important role emotions play in generating social connectedness and ultimately engagement and recruitment into online right-wing extremist milieus. Understanding the significance of emotions in online violent extremist video content can help to identify opportunities for moderation and/or the construction of alternative narratives.
Anger, Resentment and the Limits of Historical Narratives in Protest Politics: The Case of Early Twentieth-Century Irish Women’s Intersectional Movements
Authors: Crozier-De Rosa Sharon
Published: July 2021

This essay analyses the emotions of intersectional protest. It uses the case study of early twentieth-century Irish women who subscribed to a multitude of ideological beliefs – including feminism, nationalism, socialism and pacifism – to attempt to understand the different place of emotions like hope and pride and anger and resentment in sustaining political activism. In doing so, it examines the nexus between emotions, ideology and history. Adopting both an interconnecting and comparative approach, it investigates the relative efficacy of historical narratives in sustaining the emotional and moral dimensions of intersecting and competing ideological movements. The essay concludes by exposing the limits of the emotions–ideology–history nexus, especially when it comes to feminist protest.
Japanese Buddhism in Austria
Authors: Pokorny Lukas
Published: July 2021

Drawing on archival research and interview data, this paper discusses the historical development as well as the present configuration of the Japanese Buddhist panorama in Austria, which includes Zen, Pure Land, and Nichiren Buddhism. It traces the early beginnings, highlights the key stages and activities in the expansion process, and sheds light on both denominational complexity and international entanglement. Fifteen years before any other European country (Portugal in 1998; Italy in 2000), Austria formally acknowledged Buddhism as a legally recognised religious society in 1983. Hence, the paper also explores the larger organisational context of the Österreichische Buddhistische Religionsgesellschaft (Austrian Buddhist Religious Society) with a focus on its Japanese Buddhist actors. Additionally, it briefly outlines the non-Buddhist Japanese religious landscape in Austria.
Revision of Tomosvaryella Aczél (Diptera: Pipunculidae) in the Middle East, with description of 19 new species
Authors: MOTAMEDINIA BEHNAM , SKEVINGTON JEFFREY H. , KELSO SCOTT
Published: July 2021

The genus Tomosvaryella Aczél, 1939 is revised from the Middle East. Fifty-nine species are recorded and 19 of these are new to science: T. acantha Motamedinia & Skevington sp. nov., T. ampliasa Motamedinia & Skevington sp. nov., T. anahitae Motamedinia & Skevington sp. nov., T. bistounensis Motamedinia & Skevington sp. nov., T. cyprusensis Motamedinia & Skevington sp. nov., T. ellipiensis Motamedinia & Skevington sp. nov., T. emaratensis Motamedinia & Skevington sp. nov., T. hamounensis Motamedinia & Skevington sp. nov., T. kiansiae Motamedinia & Skevington sp. nov., T. nimroozensis Motamedinia & Skevington sp. nov., T. oshidae Motamedinia & Skevington sp. nov., T. osteodes Motamedinia & Skevington sp. nov., T. saudiensis Motamedinia & Skevington sp. nov., T. soziana Motamedinia & Skevington sp. nov., T. spinula Motamedinia & Skevington sp. nov., T. subtransvaalensis Motamedinia & Skevington sp. nov., T. susa Motamedinia & Skevington sp. nov., T. unicorna Motamedinia & Skevington sp. nov. and T. yemenensis Motamedinia & Skevington sp. nov. are described and illustrated based on sequence information from the mitochondrial COI barcoding gene and morphological parameters. DNA barcodes are provided for 37 of the 59 species. Descriptions of new species, diagnoses, distribution maps and an illustrated key for all species are provided.
Development of a suspicion index for secondary schizophrenia using the Delphi method
Authors: Bonnot Olivier , Insua Jose Luis , Walterfang Mark , Torres Juan Vincente , Kolb Stefan Armin
Published: July 2021

Aim:

The aim of this study was to develop a suspicion index that aids diagnosis of secondary schizophrenia spectrum disorders in regular clinical practice.

Method:

We used the Delphi method to rate and refine questionnaire items in consecutive rounds. Differences in mean expert responses for schizophrenia spectrum disorders and secondary schizophrenia spectrum disorders populations allowed to define low/middle/high predictive items, which received different weights. Algorithm performance was tested in 198 disease profiles by means of sensitivity and specificity.

Results:

Twelve experts completed the Delphi process, and consensus was reached in 19/24 (79.2%) items for schizophrenia spectrum disorders and 17/24 (70.8%) for secondary schizophrenia spectrum disorders. We assigned rounded values to each item category according to their predictive potential. A differential distribution of scores was observed between schizophrenia spectrum disorders and secondary schizophrenia spectrum disorders when applying the suspicion index for validation to 198 disease profiles. Sensitivity and specificity analyses allowed to set a >8/10/16 risk prediction score as a threshold to consider medium/high/very high suspicion of secondary schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

Conclusion:

Our final outcome was the Secondary Schizophrenia Suspicion Index, the first paper-based and reliable algorithm to discriminate secondary schizophrenia spectrum disorders from schizophrenia spectrum disorders with the potential to help improve the detection of secondary schizophrenia spectrum disorder cases in clinical practice.
Socio-demographic factors in relation to habitual sodium and potassium intakes among adults in Trinidad and Tobago
Authors: Nichols Selby , Dalrymple Nequesha , Prout Patrice , Ramcharitar-Bourne Anisa
Published: July 2021

Background:

Approximately one-third of adults in Trinidad and Tobago have high blood pressure (hypertension). Excessive consumption of sodium (Na+) is a known risk factor for hypertension.

Aim:

We investigated Na+ and potassium (K+) intakes and their correlates in a multi-ethnic Caribbean population.

Method:

Volunteers completed a self-administered questionnaire comprising socio-demographic items, physical activity (PA) and a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Foods eaten were classified by level of processing using the NOVA classification system and analysed for Na+ and K+ levels using appropriate dietary analysis software. The study was approved by the University of the West Indies at Saint Augustine Ethics Committee.

Results:

11,783 adults participated in the study. Approximately 83.2% of total calories, 79% of Na+ and 40% of K+ was derived from the consumption of highly processed foods. Median daily Na+ and K+ intakes were 2759 mg and 2853 mg, respectively. Na+ intakes showed significant nonlinear increases with age ( p < 0.001) and body mass index (BMI) ( p < 0.001), and non-linear decreases with educational attainment ( p < 0.001). K+ intakes showed significant nonlinear decreases with age ( p < 0.001) and BMI ( p < 0.001), and linear increases with educational attainment ( p < 0.001). Males had higher intakes of Na+ and K+ than females. Na+: K+ was lower among persons participating in moderate to high intensity PA ≥ 150 minutes/week compared to those participating in such activities < 150 minutes/week.

Conclusion:

Socio-demographic factors were significantly correlated with Na+ and K+ intakes among participants and must be considered in strategies aimed at achieving healthy intakes of these nutrients.
Musical strategies to improve children’s memory in an educational context
Authors: Diaz Abrahan Verónika , Bossio Maximiliano , Benítez María , Justel Nadia
Published: July 2021

Music-based interventions and music lessons modulate cognitive functions, such as language or attention. However, the specific and differential effects of musical activities are a new focus of research. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of musical improvisation, a focal musical intervention, on the emotional memory of 4- and 5-year-old children. Each child individually looked at 24 neutral and emotional pictures and rated their valence and arousal. After that, the children were exposed to one of three interventions: musical improvisation (experimental intervention), musical reproduction (active control intervention), or rest (passive control intervention). Then, recall and recognition (immediate and deferred) were used to evaluate memory performance. The main results indicated that musical improvisation, compared with a reproduction music activity, improved memory. In addition, rest improved recognition compared with reproduction. Besides, children recalled more emotional than neutral images. Musical improvisation is a promising technique to be implemented in the educational field.
Comparison of Reduced-Fare Programs for Low-Income Transit Riders
Authors: Darling Wesley , Carpenter Emily , Johnson-Praino Tami , Brakewood Candace , Voulgaris Carole Turley
Published: July 2021

Means-based reduced-fare programs can help address transit rider fare equity. The objective of this study is to synthesize the current state of reduced-fare programs for low-income transit riders. The reduced-fare programs of the 50 largest transit agencies in the United States were examined and agencies with programs for low-income riders were compared based on three dimensions: eligibility and enrollment, fare media and discount pricing, and estimated transit expenditure by eligible riders. The results reveal that 17 of the 50 largest transit agencies have low-income reduced-fare programs. Of these, 14 agencies administer the programs themselves, while three use partnerships with social service organizations to administer them. Additionally, nine of the 14 agencies that administer their own programs provide a 50% discount on fares and require participants to have an income at or below 125% to 200% of the federal poverty level for eligibility. Using a method developed to evaluate the “fare burden” of transit riders with different income levels, it was determined that low-income reduced-fare program participants at the income eligibility threshold typically spend an estimated 2% to 6% of their annual income on transit, although very-low-income people may need to spend much higher shares of their incomes on transit fares. These results indicate that agencies may need to reevaluate the structure of their existing low-income reduced-fare programs and implement tiers of discounts to ensure that fare equity is being extended to all riders.
Sabbath, Nyepi, and Pandemic: The Relevance of Religious Traditions of Self-Restraint for Living with the ‘New Normal’
Authors: Wijaya Yahya
Published: July 2021

This article focuses on the relevance of religious traditions of self-restraint, particularly Sabbath and Nyepi, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. From an economic perspective, the pandemic interrupts a lifestyle marked by an unceasing process of production and consumption that affects almost all aspects of life. Such a lifestyle, known as ‘productivism’, has been confronted with ‘anti-productivism’ promoted by groups of Marxism-inspired intellectuals and activists. Employing the method of public theology, this study reveals that religious traditions of self-restraint prepare humanity to anticipate interruptions of regularity, such as a pandemic, in a way that is critical of productivism yet distinct from anti-productivism. From a spiritual perspective, the pandemic and religious traditions of self-restraint should be perceived as synergistic appeals to a balanced lifestyle that is socially, economically, and ecologically harmonious.
Shock therapies in Spain (1939–1952) after the Civil War: Santa Isabel National Mental Asylum in Leganés
Authors: Conseglieri Ana , Villasante Olga
Published: July 2021

The first third of the twentieth century changed the therapeutical landscape with the emergence of new treatments for the mentally ill in asylums. However, the historiography of their use in Spanish psychiatric establishments has been scarcely studied. The popularization of barbiturate sleep therapies, insulin shock, cardiazol therapy, electroshock and leucotomy spread from the beginning of the century. However, the Spanish Civil War and Spain’s isolation during Franco’s autarky (1939–52) made their implementation difficult. Through historiographic research using medical records as documentary sources, this work analyses the socio-demographic conditions of the asylum population during the first decade of Franco’s dictatorship. The treatments used in Leganés Mental Asylum are described and are compared with those used in other Spanish psychiatric institutions.
Knockdown of LncRNA LINC00958 Inhibits the Proliferation and Migration of NSCLC Cells by MiR-204-3p/KIF2A Axis
Authors: Wang Qing , Li Kai , Li Xiaoliang
Published: July 2021

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer. Increasing evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) function in the tumorigenesis of NSCLC. LINC00958, a newly identified lncRNA, has been reported to be closely linked to tumorigenesis in several cancers. However, its specific role in NSCLC remains unclear. In this study, we determined the expression of LINC00958 in NSCLC by RT-qPCR analysis and evaluated cell proliferation and migration by CCK-8 and transwell assays, respectively. We established a xenograft tumor model to examine the effect of LINC00958 on tumor growth in vivo. Luciferase reporter assays were performed to determine the interaction between LINC00958 and miR-204-3p and the interaction between miR-204-3p and KIF2A. We found that LINC00958 was up-regulated in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. Down-regulation of LINC00958 inhibited cell proliferation and migration in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Besides, miR-204-3p was identified as a target of LINC00958 and miR-204-3p inhibitor could reverse the inhibitory effect of LINC00958 knockdown on proliferation and migration of NSCLC cells. We also validated that KIF2A, a direct target of miR-204-3p, was responsible for the biological role of LINC00958. KIF2A antagonized the effect of miR-204-3p on NSCLC cell proliferation and migration and was regulated by LINC00958/miR-204-3p. Taken together, these data indicate that the LINC00958/miR-204-3p/KIF2A axis is critical for NSCLC progression, which might provide a potential therapeutic target of NSCLC.
Between sexual assault and compassion: The experience of living with a spouse’s dementia-related hypersexuality—A narrative case-study
Authors: Harel Dovrat , Band-Winterstein Tova , Goldblatt Hadass
Published: July 2021

Background

Hypersexuality is one of the behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. This symptom can lead to poor quality of life for the person who lives with dementia, as well as for his or her caregiver, who might be exposed to sexual assault.

Aim

This study aimed to highlight the experience of an older woman living and coping with a spouse who exhibits dementia-related hypersexuality.

Method

A narrative case-study of a single case was designed, composed of four semi-structured interviews conducted over a 10-month period. The data were analyzed through thematic, structural, and performance analysis.

Findings

Four phases were revealed, depicting the experience of being a partner and caregiver of a spouse with dementia-related hypersexuality: a) “I need help”: A distress call; b) “It depends how long I agree to go on with it”: Living with the ambiguous reality of dementia-related hypersexual behavior within an ongoing intimate relationship; c) “It’s as if I’m hugging someone who’s no longer alive”: The transition from the previous couplehood identity to a new couplehood identity; and d) “I am just taking care of him as if he is a child”: A compassionate couplehood identity construction.

Conclusions

Living with a partner with dementia-related hypersexuality is a distressing experience for the caregiver-spouse. Yet, positive memories from a long intimate relationship can lead to the creation of a compassionate identity, which supports the caregiving process, and creates a sense of acceptance and meaning making. This, in turn, enables a positive aging experience. These finding have some practical implications for supporting and intervening in such cases.
Peripheral Non-cerebrovascular Arterial Stent Retriever Applications
Authors: Moran Jacxelyn , Lookstein Robert A. , Ranade Mona
Published: July 2021

Several treatment options exist for acute intra-abdominal arterial thromboembolic events, including systemic thrombolytics, endovascular therapy, and less commonly surgery. A novel alternative treatment intervention for acute intra-abdominal arterial thrombus is the use of stent retriever (SR) devices, tools traditionally applied for treatment of acute vascular thrombosis in stroke patients. This brief report presents two cases of acute intra-abdominal arterial thrombosis successfully managed by deployment of SRs. Furthermore, it details the history, device mechanism, and design of SRs and describes cases in literature involving effective extracranial SR application.
Recovery of Visuospatial Neglect Subtypes and Relationship to Functional Outcome Six Months After Stroke
Authors: Moore Margaret J. , Vancleef Kathleen , Riddoch M. Jane , Gillebert Celine R. , Demeyere Nele
Published: July 2021

Background/Objective. This study aims to investigate how complex visuospatial neglect behavioural phenotypes predict long-term outcomes, both in terms of neglect recovery and broader functional outcomes after 6 months post-stroke. Methods. This study presents a secondary cohort study of acute and 6-month follow-up data from 400 stroke survivors who completed the Oxford Cognitive Screen’s Cancellation Task. At follow-up, patients also completed the Stroke Impact Scale questionnaire. These data were analysed to identify whether any specific combination of neglect symptoms is more likely to result in long-lasting neglect or higher levels of functional impairment, therefore warranting more targeted rehabilitation. Results. Overall, 98/142 (69%) neglect cases recovered by follow-up, and there was no significant difference in the persistence of egocentric/allocentric (X2 [1] = .66 and P = .418) or left/right neglect (X2 [2] = .781 and P = .677). Egocentric neglect was found to follow a proportional recovery pattern with all patients demonstrating a similar level of improvement over time. Conversely, allocentric neglect followed a non-proportional recovery pattern with chronic neglect patients exhibiting a slower rate of improvement than those who recovered. A multiple regression analysis revealed that the initial severity of acute allocentric, but not egocentric, neglect impairment acted as a significant predictor of poor long-term functional outcomes (F [9,300] = 4.742, P < .001 and adjusted R2 = .098). Conclusions. Our findings call for systematic neuropsychological assessment of both egocentric and allocentric neglect following stroke, as the occurrence and severity of these conditions may help predict recovery outcomes over and above stroke severity alone.
Modern advancements in minimally invasive surgical treatments for benign prostatic obstruction
Authors: Pascoe John , Fontaine Christina , Hashim Hashim
Published: July 2021

A wide variety of minimally invasive surgical techniques are now being offered for treating voiding lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic obstruction (BPO). These options offer an alternative to both medical therapy and traditional surgical options. Minimally invasive surgical treatments in LUTS/BPO boast both day case and local anaesthetic options, with a potentially reduced side effect profile compared to traditional surgical interventions matching the needs for a range of patients. We provide a narrative review of minimally invasive surgical treatments available for BPO in terms of the technology, efficacy, safety, institutional recommendations, cost and potential future developments.