bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of Financing in the Development of Human Capital of Mining Industry: Modern Trends under Uncertainty
Authors: Frolova Viktoriia , Dolina Olga , Shpilkina Tatyana
Published: June 2020

The authors studied financing issues in the development of human capital in mining industry. They analyzed the distribution of financial resources in the field under current conditions of the economic activity decrease at the enterprises in connection with the spread of coronavirus infection. An assessment of the demand for vacancies by profession, region and wage level was made. The issues of enterprise personnel management in the form of a set of interacting and interconnected HR-technologies that allow enterprises to manage the staff and work more efficiently are studied. The authors concluded that an important aspect of the quality personnel training and the development of modern companies is a properly built system of improving the quality of human capital, as well as, measures for ensuring safety and preserving health, improving the qualification level, creating conditions for creativity and labor potential growth.
The Impact of IT Risks on the Development of Innovative Start-Up of Mining Enterprises
Authors: Pukala Ryszard , Linde Ivars
Published: June 2020

This study aims at presenting IT risks, the materialization of which can have impact on business activity of innovative enterprises, including start-ups. We need to emphasize that such enterprises are largely associated with the use and implementation of modern technologies in various sectors of the economy. We also need to underline that enterprises of this type to an ever-greater extent act as an impulse triggering innovativeness of the economy as seen from the national and international perspective. Therefore, risk limitation in the enterprise development process, especially in the field of IT, may be an element that supports reaching the product scaling stage and working out an optimal business model, which stands as a chance of achieving market success and competitive advantage. As indicated by researchers, start-ups identify IT risks within the area of their activity and undertake actions aimed at limiting them.
A Review of Methods for Processing Unstructured Data in the Assessment of Mining Personnel
Authors: Barbara Anna , Pimonov Alexander , Sluder Lyubov
Published: June 2020

Skilled staff, as well as conditions for their development and motivation, are key conditions for the successful operation of the company. Creation of a high-quality Human Resources (HR) personnel management system would allow to solve this problem. For the achievement of the ultimate goal - the most effective formation and development of the personnel potential of the enterprise requires the creation of conditions for all employees allowing the maximum use and increase of labour potential, as well use of creative abilities and creative thinking. Labour competences and competence evaluation represent real challenges for companies. When modelling a high-quality HR management system, it is important to take into account features such as presence of uncertainty and a large number of unstructured data. When evaluating personnel, the cognitive abilities of the decision-maker are involved and the use of fuzzy cognitive modeling (FCM) seems to be the most promising. In addition, cognitive models allow us to present complex relationships between investigated parameters revealing influence on each other. This paper considers an expert performance evaluation system based on competency model and a fuzzy logic model. The FCM based management personnel system’s is proposed. There are many performance evaluation methods; however, none is universal and common to all companies. This work brings contributions to HR management solutions, finding new ways to apply artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to processes that typically were performed by humans.
Organizing Independent Activity in EFL Teaching in Ethnically Diverse Classrooms at the University of the Coal Mining Region
Authors: Sergeichik Tatyana , Greenwald Oksana
Published: June 2020

Training of highly qualified specialists is a significant factor for the consistent progress in any branch of economics. Kemerovo State University provides training of specialists for the coal mining region in Russia. Nowadays, the University tends to increase the proportion of foreign students as well. Most of these are students from neighboring countries, such as Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, where raw materials industries, including mining, are developed. Taking into account the multi-ethnic diversity of students at Kemerovo State University, we analyzed the experience and determined the worthwhile forms of organizing independent activity in EFL teaching. Among the forms of independent activity, we introduced independent reading, preparing thematic presentations, written tasks based on video content, and writing thematic essays. Organizing independent work in the educational process, which involves a large number of multinational groups of students, we took into account the following conditions. We considered such particular qualities of contemporary students as their general need in flexible learning environment as well as in self-expression; we took into account their interest in new knowledge and motivation for self- improvement, and at the same time, lack of desire for completing reproductive types of tasks, along with fragmented thinking.
The Use of Environmental Taxation Instruments in Order to Ensure Sustainable Development of Mining Region
Authors: Tyuleneva Tatiana , Moldazhanov Marat
Published: June 2020

One of the problems of mineral resource clusters` sustainable development is the creation of an economic mechanism for environmental management that ensures compliance with the principles of rational resource consumption through the creation of environmental taxation tools. The article describes trends in implementation of sustainable development through environmental taxation: environmental taxes, promotion of rational use of natural resources, application of environmental technologies, support the use of alternative sources of energy, including through the organization of trading quotas on emissions into the environment, and their applicability in Russian Federation and the mining region is evaluated. In addition, a comparative analysis of the dynamics of relative indicators of production activity, negative impact on the environment and costs to eliminate it, carried out in Kemerovo region, and justified the need to use environmental taxation tools to ensure sustainable development of the region.
Frühintervention bei Schizophrenie – ein Update
Authors: Leopold Karolina , Becker Thomas , Förstl Johann , Kiefer Falk , de Millas Walter , Janetzky Wolfgang , Lambert Martin , Pfennig Andrea , Bechdolf Andreas
Published: June 2020

In Deutschland werden Psychosen immer noch zu spät diagnostiziert. Die Dauer der unbehandelten Psychose (DUP) liegt im Durchschnitt bei einem Jahr. Daher sollte die Frühintervention einen höheren Stellenwert erhalten. Denn je kürzer die Dauer der DUP, desto höher ist die Wahrscheinlichkeit der dauerhaften Recovery sowie einer besseren Langzeitprognose. Aufklärungsarbeit in der Öffentlichkeit und spezialisierte Früherkennungszentren mit niedrigschwelligem Zugang können die Versorgung und damit die Perspektive der meist jungen Patientinnen und Patienten bereits in der Frühphase der Erkrankung verbessern. Notwendig sind dazu neben der antipsychotischen Therapie evidenzbasierte psychotherapeutische Verfahren, Angehörigen- und Peerarbeit sowie begleitende Angebote, durch die Patientinnen und Patienten individuell darin unterstützt werden, wieder im Arbeitsmarkt integriert zu werden oder zu verbleiben („Individual Placement and Support“, IPS). Während die Möglichkeit zur Frühintervention in einigen Ländern, z. B. Dänemark und Australien, bereits einen Teil der Regelversorgung darstellt, ist Deutschland noch nicht über Modellprojekte hinausgekommen. Dies zu ändern muss eines der wesentlichen Ziele der nächsten Jahre sein. Mit dieser Übersichtsarbeit möchten die Autoren daher zum Weiterdenken und Handeln anregen.
Aktuelle Aspekte der Cholesteatomchirurgie – Teil 2: chirurgische Therapie im Wandel der Zeit
Authors: Schulze Anja , Zahnert Thomas
Published: June 2020

Due to cholesteatoma's slowly progressive and destructive growth there is a risk of intracranial and potentially life-threatening complications. That's why every cholesteatoma is a basically absolute indication for surgery. Only asymptomatic and small retractions, so-called prae-cholesteatomas, may be under observation. While the first part of this article focused on the basics of pathogenesis and diagnostics, this one provides an overview of current surgical strategies, both proven and new ones.
Insulin- und Glukosekonzentration im Blutserum hochträchtiger Schafe in Abhängigkeit von Anzahl und Geschlecht der Feten
Authors: Blaszczyk Barbara , Stankiewicz Tomasz , Lasota Bogdan , Udala Jan
Published: June 2020

Ziel Das Ziel der Studie war zu prüfen, ob der Glukose- und Insulinspiegel bei hochträchtigen Schafen von der Anzahl und dem Geschlecht der Feten abhängig ist.

Material und Methoden Die Untersuchungen erfolgten an Schafen der Rassen Pommernschaf (n = 42) und Suffolk-Schaf (n = 42) zum Ende der Trächtigkeit. Bei den Pommernschafen wurden folgende Gruppen gebildet: Einlingsträchtigkeit mit weiblichem (n = 19) oder männlichem (n = 10) Fetus, Zwillingsträchtigkeit mit weiblichen (n = 8), männlichen (n = 8) oder geschlechtsdifferenten (n = 7) Feten. Die Suffolk-Schafe wurden in folgende Gruppen gegliedert: Einlingsträchtigkeit mit weiblichem (n = 9) oder männlichem (n = 12) Fetus, Zwillingsträchtigkeit mit männlichen (n = 12) oder geschlechtsdifferenten (n = 9) Feten.

Ergebnisse Bei Suffolk-Schafen ergab sich eine signifikant höhere Insulinkonzentration als bei Pommernschafen (p < 0,05). Die durchschnittliche Insulinkonzentration bei den Pommernschafen mit einer Einlingsträchtigkeit war höher als bei Schafen dieser Rasse mit einer Zwillingsträchtigkeit (p < 0,05). Bei den Pommernschafen mit männlichen Feten wurde die höchste Insulinkonzentration gemessen (p < 0,01). Auch bei der Rasse Suffolk war die Insulinkonzentration bei Schafen mit männlichen Feten höher als bei denen mit weiblichen Feten (p < 0,05). Im Gegensatz dazu lag die Glukosekonzentration bei Pommernschafen mit weiblichen Feten höher als bei den Schafen mit männlichen und geschlechtsdifferenten Feten (p < 0,05 bzw. p < 0,01), sowohl bei Einlings- als auch bei Zwillingsträchtigkeiten. Die Glukosekonzentration war bei den Suffolk-Schafen mit weiblichen Feten ebenfalls höher (p < 0,05). Bei den Suffolk-Schafen zeigte sich eine positive Korrelation zwischen dem Geburtsgewicht der Lämmer und der Glukosekonzentration ihrer Mutter (r = 0,56; p < 0,01).

Schlussfolgerung Die in der Studie nachgewiesenen Unterschiede der Insulin- und Glukosekonzentration im Blut von trächtigen Schafen lassen darauf schließen, dass Geschlecht und Anzahl der Feten weitere Faktoren sein können, die den Energiestoffwechsel der Schafe zum Ende der Trächtigkeit beeinflussen. Diese Unterschiede sind von der Rasse abhängig und können im Zusammenhang mit dem Geburtsgewicht stehen.
PFLEGEprevent – Präventiv der Arbeitsbelastung von
Pflegekräften begegnen. Ergebnisse einer randomisiert kontrollierten
Interventionsstudie zur Wirksamkeit einer Präventionsmaßnahme
für Pflegekräfte
Authors: Ehegartner Veronika , Kirschneck Michaela , Wilhelm Eva M , Frisch Dieter , Schuh Angela , Kus Sandra
Published: June 2020

Hintergrund Pflegekräfte in Deutschland sind zunehmend von
physischen und psychischen Belastungen beeinträchtigt, was sich negativ
in den Krankheitstagen und Frühberentungszahlen niederschlägt.
Im Projekt PFLEGEprevent wurde ein Präventionsprogramm entwickelt, das
auf die speziellen Bedürfnisse des Pflegepersonals ausgerichtet ist,
damit deren Ressourcen im Umgang mit Arbeitsbelastungen und Herausforderungen
des beruflichen Alltags gestärkt werden. Das Präventionsprogramm
wurde in einer RCT mit Pflegekräften implementiert und auf seine
Wirksamkeit in den Bereichen Stress, Arbeitsfähigkeit und
Lebensqualität hin evaluiert.

Methodik Die randomisiert kontrollierte Interventionsstudie wurde im
Wartegruppendesign mit 6 Erhebungszeitpunkten über 9 Monate
durchgeführt. Die Datenerhebung der Zielgrößen erfolgte
über validierte Instrumente: Perceived Stress Questionnaire (PSQ),
Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Work Ability Index (WAI),
Erholungs-Belastungs-Fragebogen für den Arbeitskontext (EBF-Work 27),
Short-Form-Health Survey (SF-12) und WHO-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5). Neben
deskriptiven Analysen wurde der t-Test für unabhängige
Stichproben verwendet, um die Veränderungen in der primären und
den sekundären Zielgrößen zwischen den Studiengruppen zu
vergleichen.

Ergebnisse Es nahmen 125 (92% weiblich, Durchschnittsalter 46,7
Jahre) Pflegekräfte an der Studie teil. Es zeigten sich signifikante
Gruppenunterschiede in den Veränderungen der Zielgröße
zu den Follow-up-Messungen bis zu 9 Monaten. Besonders das Stressempfinden
reduzierte sich in der Interventionsgruppe langfristig. Das allgemeine
Wohlbefinden in dieser Gruppe verbesserte sich zu allen Erhebungszeitpunkten
signifikant zum Ausgangswert.

Schlussfolgerung Die Evaluation des Präventionsprogrammes zeigte
noch nach 9 Monaten einen positiven Effekt in der gemessenen
Zielgröße PSQ zum Stresserleben. In den weiteren
Zielgrößen konnten signifikante Gruppenunterschiede zu den
Nacherhebungszeitpunkten nach 1 und 3 Monaten gezeigt werden.
Computertomografische Morphologie des Ellbogengelenks und Vorkommen der Ellbogengelenkdysplasie beim Rotfuchs (Vulpes vulpes)
Authors: Holbein Lena M. , von Pückler Kerstin H. , Kramer Martin , Failing Klaus , Kirsch Markus
Published: June 2020

Gegenstand und Ziel Die Ellbogengelenkdysplasie (ED) ist eine genetisch bedingte Entwicklungsstörung des kaninen Ellbogengelenks und eine häufige Lahmheitsursache der Vordergliedmaße des Haushundes (Canis lupus familiaris). Sie tritt überwiegend bei großen und mittelgroßen Rassehunden auf, wurde aber auch bei Mischlingshunden und Hunden kleinerer Rassen beschrieben. Angaben zu einem Vorkommen der ED bei Wildtieren fehlen in der Literatur. Ziel dieser Studie war, einen Überblick über die Anatomie des Ellbogengelenks des Rotfuchses (Vulpes vulpes) und das Vorkommen der ED bei dieser Spezies zu erlangen. Die spezielle Konformation des Ellbogengelenks beim Rotfuchs kann im direkten Vergleich mit der unserer Haushunde dabei helfen, mehr Erkenntnisse über den Einfluss der Anatomie auf die Entwicklung der ED zu gewinnen.

Material und Methoden Insgesamt 94 Ellbogengelenke von 49 Rotfüchsen wurden computertomografisch untersucht und mit kaninen Ellbogengelenken verglichen.

Ergebnisse Abgesehen von der Größendifferenz sowie geringgradigen artspezifischen Unterschieden zeigte sich eine große Ähnlichkeit der anatomischen Strukturen der Ellbogengelenke der Rotfüchse und Haushunde. Überproportional häufig wurde beim Rotfuchs eine runde Konformation des Koronoids festgestellt. Zwei Ellbogengelenke von 2 Rotfüchsen wiesen pathologische Veränderungen des Processus coronoideus medialis ulnae auf.

Schlussfolgerung Die mit 2,1 % ermittelte Prävalenz pathologischer Veränderungen des Koronoids beim Rotfuchs ist vergleichbar mit der Prävalenz der ED bei kleinen Hunderassen. Das überproportional häufige Auftreten der runden Konformation des Koronoids beim Rotfuchs führt zu der Hypothese, dass die runde Konformation die physiologische und ursprüngliche Konformation sein könnte. Selektives Züchten auf solch ein morphologisches Merkmal kann ein Ansatz sein, die Verbreitung der ED zu verringern.

Klinische Relevanz Der Einfluss der Anatomie auf die Entstehung pathologischer Veränderungen des Koronoids ist weiterhin unklar, sodass der Fokus bei der Suche nach der Ätiopathogenese, neben der Berücksichtigung der Anatomie des Ellbogengelenks, auf weiteren Faktoren (z. B. die Biomechanik, Genetik und Umweltfaktoren) liegen muss.
Bedeutung der Tasthaare beim Haushund und Problematik des Abschneidens aus Sicht des Tierschutzes
Authors: Döring Dorothea , Bartels Angela , Erhard Michael H.
Published: June 2020

Die Tasthaare des Haushundes sind Teil eines Tastorgans im Gesichtsbereich. Jedes der steifen, langen Tasthaare besitzt einen eigenen, sensibel innervierten spezialisierten Haarfollikel. Dieser ist beim Hund sehr ähnlich aufgebaut wie bei der Katze. Die Autoren konnten keinen wissenschaftlichen Hinweis darauf finden, dass dieses Organ beim Haushund unterentwickelt oder zurückgebildet wäre. Die Bedeutung der Tasthaare ist für den Haushund noch nicht wissenschaftlich belegt. Es steht jedoch außer Frage, dass Hunde auf die Berührung ihrer Tasthaare sensibel reagieren und dass diese eine gewisse Schutzfunktion erfüllen (u. a. Schutz der Augen). Weitere Funktionen werden in der Literatur diskutiert.

Anatomisch-physiologisch ist belegt, dass das Tasthaar Teil eines Sinnesorgans ist und sich eindeutig vom Körperfell des Haushundes unterscheidet. Ohne das Tasthaar ist das sensorische Organ nicht funktionsfähig. Das Abschneiden der Tasthaare stellt daher keine pflegerische Maßnahme (im Sinne von „Frisieren“), sondern eine vorübergehende Amputation dar. Dem Tier entsteht durch das Untauglichmachen eines Sinnesorgans ein zeitlich begrenzter, aber nicht unerheblicher Körperschaden. Somit ist das Abschneiden der Tasthaare des Haushundes aus ästhetischen Gründen nach deutschem, österreichischem und Schweizer Tierschutzrecht verboten.
Therapie des primären Hypoadrenokortizismus beim Hund mit niedrig dosiertem Desoxycorticosteronpivalat
Authors: Münch Ludwig , Münch Maria , Paul Helene , Miklis Alexandra , Heinrich Moritz , Neiger Reto
Published: June 2020

Gegenstand und Ziel Desoxycorticosteronpivalat (DOCP) ist seit 2016 mit Zycortal® das einzige in Deutschland zugelassene Medikament für die Therapie des primären Hypoadrenokortizismus (Morbus Addison) beim Hund. Der Hersteller empfiehlt als Anfangsdosis 2,2 mg/kg. Sowohl eigene Erfahrungen als auch vereinzelte bisherige Veröffentlichungen lassen vermuten, dass eine deutlich niedrigere Anfangsdosis ausreicht. Gründe für eine Dosisreduktion sind die Verringerung der beträchtlichen Kosten mit Steigerung der Besitzermotivation zur Therapie sowie die Vermeidung einer Überdosierung und damit einhergehender Nebenwirkungen. Ziel unserer retrospektiven Studie war zu zeigen, dass eine Anfangsdosis von 1,5 mg/kg DOCP ausreicht, um einen Hund mit primärem Hypoadrenokortizismus stabil einzustellen.

Material und Methode Aufnahme in die Studie fanden Hunde mit primärem Hypoadrenokortizismus, die mit einer DOCP-Anfangsdosis von 1,5 mg/kg s. c. therapiert worden waren. Dokumentiert wurden die 1., 2. und letztbekannte DOCP-Dosis sowie die Elektrolytkonzentrationen zum Zeitpunkt der Diagnose, 10–14 Tage nach der ersten DOCP-Injektion, am Tag der 2. und der zuletzt dokumentierten Injektion von DOCP. Ein Hund galt als stabil eingestellt, wenn er ein ungestörtes Allgemeinbefinden hatte, Natrium- und Kaliumkonzentration im Referenzbereich lagen und der behandelnde Tierarzt keine Dosisanpassung empfahl.

Ergebnisse Alle 13 in die Studie eingeschlossenen Hunde waren nach der 1. bzw. 2. Injektion stabil eingestellt. Ein Hund benötigte als letzte dokumentierte Dosis 1,6 mg/kg DOCP, alle anderen ≤ 1,5 mg/kg (Median: 1,3 mg/kg, Spanne: 0,4–1,6 mg/kg). Elf Hunde erhielten monatlich eine Injektion, 2 Hunde alle 60 Tage. Der Beobachtungszeitraum betrug mindestens 7 Monate (Median: 20 Monate, Spanne: 7–26 Monate).

Schlussfolgerung und klinische Relevanz Wir konnten zeigen, dass eine Anfangsdosis von 1,5 mg/kg DOCP (Zycortal®) ausreicht, um einen Hund mit primärem Hypoadrenokortizismus stabil einzustellen, aber teilweise Dosisanpassungen vorgenommen werden müssen. Für eine korrekte Einstellung der DOCP-Dosis ist eine regelmäßige Elektrolytkontrolle jeweils 10 Tage nach DOCP-Injektion als auch nach 28–31 Tagen nötig.
Influência da superfície dos parafusos pediculares no torque de inserção e resistência ao arrancamento
Authors: Fleury Rodrigo Barra Caiado , Shimano Antônio Carlos , Matos Thiago Dantas , Teixeira Kelsen de Oliveira , Romero Valéria , Defino Helton Luiz Aparecido
Published: June 2020

Objetivo Comparar por testes mecânicos a resistência ao arrancamento e o torque de inserção do parafuso pedicularjateado e liso.

Métodos Parafusos pediculares de superfície áspera e de superfície lisa com diâmetros de 4,8; 5,5 e 6,5 mm foram inseridos em blocos de poliuretano com densidade de 10 PCF (0,16 g/cm3). O torque de inserção e a força de arrancamento foram avaliados.

Resultados A força de arrancamento dos parafusos de superfície áspera e de superfície lisa não diferiu, exceto no grupo de parafusos com 4,8 mm de diâmetro. Nesse grupo, os parafusos de superfície áspera apresentaram maior resistência ao arrancamento.

Conclusão Os parafusos pediculares de superfície áspera não apresentaram aumento da resistência ao arrancamento na fase aguda de sua inserção em blocos de poliuretano em relação aos parafusos de superfície lisa. Os parafusos de superfície áspera apresentaram maior torque de inserção que os parafusos de superfície lisa, dependendo do diâmetro do parafuso e da preparação do furo piloto.
Three Cases of Translunate Perilunate Injury Treated with Wrist Arthroscopy
Authors: Chow Esther C. S. , Ho Pak C.
Published: June 2020

Background An acute fracture of the lunate is an uncommon injury with the reported incidence ranging from 0.5 to 1% of all carpal bone fractures. The combination of lunate fracture and perilunate injury is even rarer and Bain et al first introduced the “translunate arc concept” in 2008. We reported three cases of translunate perilunate injury treated with wrist arthroscopy.

Materials and Methods All the three cases had been treated successfully with the use of wrist arthroscopy. A novel technique of arthroscopic reduction and fixation of a volar pole of lunate fracture was illustrated. The lunate fracture healed in all cases with normal carpal alignment.

Results All patients achieved a painless and functional joint with good range of motion at an average follow-up of 15 months. There was no radiological evidence of avascular necrosis of the lunate in all three cases.

Conclusion Translunate perilunate injury is rare and a high index of suspicion is necessary for diagnosis. There was no consensus on the surgical approach to this kind of injury. Wrist arthroscopy had proven to be successful in treating the greater and lesser arc perilunate injury. For translunate perilunate injury, wrist arthroscopy is also a feasible option with the advantages of lower risk of arthrofibrosis and avascular necrosis.
Congenital Heart Defects and Dysmorphic Facial Features in Patients Suspicious of 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome in Southern Brazil
Authors: Diniz Bruna Lixinski , Santos Andressa Schneiders , Glaeser Andressa Barreto , Guaraná Bruna Baierle , Lorea Cláudia Fernandes , Josahkian Juliana Alves , Huber Janaína , Rosa Rafael Fabiano Machado , Zen Paulo Ricardo Gazzola
Published: June 2020

22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is considered one of the most frequently observed chromosomal abnormalities in association with congenital heart disease (CHD), which can also include some combination of other features. Thus, the aim of this work was to verify the profile of dysmorphic features and heart defects found in patients referred to a reference center in Southern Brazil with clinical findings suggestive of 22q11.2DS. In the overall sample group, only patients with dysmorphic facial features (skull, eyes, ear, and nose) associated with CHD (obstructive pulmonary valve ring, truncus arteriosus, and bicuspid aortic valve associated with atrial septal defect and/or right aortic arch) had a 22q11.2 deletion. These findings proved to be reliable clinical criteria for referral to perform fluorescent in situ hybridization investigation for 22q11.2 deletion.
Trephine Craniotomy versus Burr Hole Drainage for Chronic Subdural Hematoma—An Institutional Analysis of 156 Patients
Authors: Vemula Ramesh Chandra , Prasad B. C.M. , Koyalmantham Venkat , Kumar Kunal
Published: June 2020

Introduction Some neurosurgeons believe that doing a trephine craniotomy (TC) decreases the chance of recurrence in chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH). But this is not supported by any evidence.

Methods A retrospective analysis of patients who were operated for cSDH from 2014 to 2019 at our institute was done. Factors causing recurrence were studied.

Results A total of 156 patients were operated in the given period, among which 88 underwent TC and 68 patients underwent burr hole drainage (BHD) for evacuation of cSDH. All patients underwent two trephines or two burr holes placed according to the maximum thickness of the hematoma. Rate of recurrence in trephine group was 12.5% and in burr-hole group was 11.76% and was not statistically significant. Significant factors for recurrence included nontraumatic cSDH, anticoagulant use, presence of membranes, preoperative computed tomography (CT) showing iso- or mixed-density subdural collection and SDH volume > 60 mL. There was selection bias for the procedure. Patients with subdural membranes were preferentially taken for TC as the percentage of subdural membrane found intraoperatively was significantly greater in trephine group (51.1%) than burr-hole group (17.6%) (p value < 0.001).

When all the patients who showed membranes in CT scan were excluded, there was no statistical difference in the base line characteristics of both the groups. After excluding the patients with membranes in preoperative CT scan, there was no significant difference in recurrence rate between the two groups.

In TC group with membranes, 8 out of 45 had recurrence, whereas in burr-hole group with membranes, 8 out of 12 had recurrence. This difference was statistically significant. (p value < 0.001).

Conclusion Surgical intervention in both modalities improves patient outcome with an overall recurrence rate of 12.17%. In the absence of any identifiable membranes in preoperative CT scan, BHD is the preferred surgical intervention. We prefer TC as first choice for patients with membranes in CT scan.
All-silicon polarized light source based on electrically excited whispering gallery modes in inversely tapered photonic resonators
Authors: Schmitt Sebastian W. , Schwarzburg Klaus , Sarau George , Christiansen Silke H. , Wiesner Sven , Dubourdieu Catherine
Published: June 2020

As a result of its indirect bandgap, emitting photons from silicon in an efficient way remains challenging. Silicon light emitters that can be integrated seamlessly on a CMOS platform have been demonstrated; however, none satisfies an ensemble of key requirements such as a small footprint, room-temperature operation at low voltages, and emission of narrow and polarized lines with a high spectral power density in the near-infrared range. Here, we present an all-silicon electrically driven light emitting diode that consists of an inversely tapered half-ellipsoidal silicon photonic resonator containing a p–n junction used to excite whispering gallery modes (WGMs) inside the resonator. Under low voltage operation at room temperature, such a photonic silicon light-emitting diode exhibits a band-edge emission (900–1300 nm) with a wall-plug efficiency of 10−4. The emitted spectrum is amplified in multiple WGMs and shows peaks that are polarized and have linewidths Δλ as narrow as 0.33 nm and spectral power densities as high as 8 mW cm−2 nm−1. Considering its small footprint of ∼1 µm and remarkable emission characteristics, this silicon light source constitutes a significant step ahead toward fully integrated on-chip silicon photonics.
Diffraction-induced enhancement of optical spin Hall effect in a dielectric grating
Authors: Kim Minkyung , Lee Dasol , Ko Byoungsu , Rho Junsuk
Published: June 2020

The enhancement of the optical spin Hall effect (OSHE) of a transmitted beam has been achieved in a small incident angle of a sub-degree scale. The OSHE at a large incident angle can be beneficial in optical applications, such as polarization-dependent sensors and filters, but studies to increase the OSHE at a large incident angle have been elusive in transmission mode. We propose a dielectric grating on a metal layer to achieve the grating-induced increase of the OSHE. The polarization-dependent transmission and OSHE that reaches several wavelengths are numerically demonstrated. We also show the tunability of the operating wavelength and incident angle of the OSHE by changing materials and geometrical parameters.
Mangrove status, its ecosystem, and climate change in Myanmar: A study in Ayeyarwaddy Delta Coastal Zone
Authors: Win San , Towprayoon Sirintornthep , Chidthisong Amnat
Published: June 2020

Myanmar is a country belonging mangrove and its ecosystem, a unique vegetative species with a high ecosystem services: much higher carbon sequestration than terrestrial forests and climate change induced disaster defence power to community and biodiversity. The degree of its ecosystem services depends on their biological and physical system status. Alternatively, it is one of the most fragile ecosystems and vulnerable to disturbances including climate change. 80 % of the Ayeyarwaddy mangroves was seriously damage by the cyclone Nargis (2008). The study was conducted in Ayeyarwaddy Delta Coastal Zone by adopting transect survey, climate data analysis and reviewing scientific papers and policy documents with two main objectives: understanding climate change, awareness raising on ecosystem and local livelihood status, and enhancing mangrove ecosystem conservation and protection in terms of technology and policy. To recover the mangrove back it took for eight years minimum. Mangrove tree species number is decreasing from 45 to 30 in 37 years. Salinity variation is driving habitat of aquatic fauna species and local livelihoods. Myanmar climate change policy, National Environmental Policy, and Forest Policy become powerful tools to achieve the Nation’s sustainable development goal in the context of addressing climate change and the ecosystem protection through institution and technology enhancement. Ecosystem conservation is suggested to minimize not only to minimize climate change impacts but also to improve sustainability of the local community and the ecosystem.
Occurrence of microplastics in cosmetic products collected from Myanmar
Authors: Mon Ei Ei , Nakata Haruhiko
Published: June 2020

Plastics pollution in the ocean is an area of growing concern, with research efforts focusing on the cosmetic products of the microplastic (<5mm) fractions. Cosmetic products, such as facial scrubs, have been identified as potentially important primary sources of microplastics to the marine environment. In my study, I observed microplastic beads found in eight facial scrub cleansers that listed polyethylene as an ingredient. They are ingested by diverse marine fauna, including zooplanktons, mussel, oyster, shrimp, fish etc. They can enter human food chains via several pathways. Marine scientists need to educate the public to the dangers of using products that pose an immediate and long-term threat to the health of the oceans and the food we eat.
Determination of chemicals released from single use low density polyethylene plastic bags
Authors: Htway Ei Ei , Htun Aye Thida , Hlaing Thiri , Lwin Moh Moh , Min Hla Myoe
Published: June 2020

The use of plastics has increased manifold, owing to their inexpensive, multipurpose, durable and lightweight nature. Plastics are made with various types of polymer, including Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE). In Myanmar, many foods are packaged in single use LDPE plastics including fresh meat, vegetables, fast foods, and even some hot foods in daily life. Therefore the present study was aimed to determine the chemicals released from single use LDPE plastic bags that were used in direct contact with hot foods. Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis was done for confirmation of LDPE. Extraction of chemicals from single use plastic bags was carried out by reflux extraction method by using four types of solvents (chloroform, ethanol, distilled water and olive oil). The individual chemicals released from the sample were determined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) with National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST) library. GC-MS results of different extracts were hexadecanoic acid octyl ester (26.09%), octadecanoic acid octyl ester (19.96%), tetracosane (13.36%) and 9-octadecanoic acid methyl ester (9.28%) from distilled water extract;3-methoxy 2,2-dimethyloxirane (84.26%), 2,3-dihydro-1,4-dioxin (3.77%), 1-ethoxy pantane (2.85%) and tetracosane (2.65%) from ethanolic extract; toluene (69.30%), ethyl benzene (18.11%), 1,1-dipropoxypropane (4.02%) and dipropoxy methane (1.56%) from chloroform extract; and supraene (76.81%), nonanal (3.09%), 2-decenal (2.97%), 2-undecenal (3.05%) and toluene (1.35%) from olive oil extract respectively. According to the Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (WDXRF) analysis of single use plastic bag, the different concentrations of elements were found to be titanium (0.0587 %), chlorine (0.0093 %) and strontium (0.0026 %) and so on. The present study revealed that single use LDPE plastic bags contained some chemicals that are toxic to human beings such as toluene, ethyl benzene, methyl oxirane, supraene and some type of aldehyde, and even carcinogenic substance like dioxin. Therefore it is necessary to limit the use of harmful additives and packaging of hot foods in single use LDPE plastic bags.
Prevalence of Plasmid-mediated Colistin Resistance Gene mcr-1 in Domestic Wastewater
Authors: Vu Thi My Hanh , Kasuga Ikuro
Published: June 2020

Colistin is one of the last-resort antibiotics. However, the transmissible plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene encoded by mcr-1 was first detected in China in 2015. The dissemination of mcr-1 is of great concern. This study investigates the prevalence of mcr-1 in urban sewage in Vietnam and Japan because domestic sewage reflects the health status of urban citizens. Water samples were collected from To Lich River and Nhue River in Hanoi, Vietnam, in September 2019. These rivers are severely polluted by untreated domestic wastewater; thus, these samples can be regarded as urban sewage. We also collected wastewater samples from three different municipal wastewater treatment plants (A, B, and C) in Japan in October 2019. DNA was extracted from the samples, and mcr-1 abundance was analyzed via quantitative PCR. Quantitative PCR demonstrated that mcr-1 was detected in all samples, indicating that healthy citizens carry some bacteria harboring mcr-1. The abundance of mcr-1 in the influent of wastewater treatment plant A (1.9 × 106 gene copies/L) was lower than that in the other samples in Japan and Vietnam (8.1 × 106–1.3 × 107 gene copies/L). The log reduction values of mcr-1 in wastewater treatment ranged 1.5–4.2 log10, resulting in abundance of 7.0 × 102–7.3 × 104 copies/L in the final effluents. The comparable levels of mcr-1 in urban sewage in Vietnam and Japan indicate the global spread of transmissible colistin resistance. Wastewater is considered as an important monitoring target for mcr-1.
Present Geothermal Field of the Chagan Sag in the Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin of Inner Mongolia, NE China
Authors: Qingqing HAO , Yinhui ZUO , Zhou Yongshui
Published: June 2020

The aim of this work is to discuss the present geothermal field of the Changan sag of the Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin in Inner Mongolia, NE China. In this study, the rock thermal conductivity and heat generation of the Chagan sag were tested, and the geothermal gradient of four wells and the first heat flow data were calculated. It is concluded that the geothermal gradient of the Chagan sag can be divided into three sections, i.e., K2
w-K1
s
2upper, K1
s
2lower-K1
s
1 and K1
b
2. The heat flow of the Chagan sag is 70.6 mW/m2, indicating that this sag is in a geothermal state between tectonic active area and tectonic stable area. The results may provide significant geothermal information for the evaluation of geothermal resources in the Chagan sag.
Environment-friendly drying device based on distributed photovoltaic energy
Authors: Zhong Shihao , Liu Yixin , Tian Ziqi
Published: June 2020

In order to achieve sustainable development, reduce the consumption of disposable energy, and meet people’s increasing demand for energy-saving living equipment, an environmentally friendly drying device based on distributed photovoltaic energy is designed for drying and sterilizing daily supplies. The environment-friendly drying device drying device uses clean energy, no pollution, intelligent, efficient, low noise, and takes less than 1/4 of the traditional drying equipment.The environment-friendly drying device uses distributed photovoltaic energy to generate electricity, and the electrical energy is stored in the battery when the system is not in operation. The control system adjusts the working state of the heating and cooling systems in time to ensure the stability of the temperature during operation by using a fuzzy adaptive PID algorithm based on incomplete differentiation. Based on the Coanda effect, we independently designed a mechanical structure that doubles the air, enhances the wind mobility, and realizes air circulation and recirculation. The inner wall of the device is equipped with a sterilization device and uses ozone sterilization technology to strictly control the ozone concentration. At the same time, in order to better fit various sizes of clothing, we also design an intelligent control panel that can set personalized drying temperature and time.
Overview of Regional Integrated Energy System Operation Optimization Based on Comprehensive Demand Side Respons
Authors: Wang Jiale , Guo Su
Published: June 2020

Regional Integrated Energy System (RIES) provides a new way to solve the energy dilemma. In order to improve the economic benefits of a regional integrated energy system, a regional integrated energy system with energy storage considering Integrated Demand Respones (IDR) is proposed. Under the premise of not affecting user comfort, fully mobilizing user-side resources can improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy, reduce energy costs, and consume more renewable energy. This paper introduces the concept of IDR, layered interactive architecture and interaction mechanism, analyzes the multi-energy, and focuses on the analysis of integrated energy system scheduling considering IDR uncertainty. Finally, the key scientific issues in IDR research are summarized, and future research directions are prospected.
Research on Multi-Objective Operation Optimization of Integrated Energy System Based on Economic-Carbon Emission
Authors: Wei Mengju , Yang Yang , Liu Zhao , Wang Yongli , Zhou Minhan , Song Fuhao
Published: June 2020

The development of an integrated energy system (IES) is an important way to improve energy utilization, link renewable energy consumption and protect the environment. In this paper, physical modeling and analysis of the key equipment of IES, with economic costs and carbon emissions as the goal, established a multi-objective operation optimization model of the integrated energy system, and used particle swarm optimization to solve practical problems. Finally, taking a typical summer day as an example, the analysis illustrates the optimization results and verifies the feasibility of the model and algorithm.
Research on Green Energy Management Mechanism from the perspective of social network
Authors: Qiao Shuang , Wang Pan , Tan Xinyue
Published: June 2020

Energy is an important material basis for the survival and development of human society, which determines the quality of national economic development and people’s quality of life.Energy shortage and environmental pollution have always been the two major problems that human beings face for a long time. Green energy management is extremely urgent. It is of great practical significance to develop green energy management from the perspective of social network.This paper finds that through the reform of energy system, strengthening the construction of system innovation, giving full play to the capacity of social collaborative governance, realizing network management through structural positioning and active role, and making full use of energy internet information technology to improve the capacity of technological innovation can significantly improve the capacity of green energy management reform in chian.
The present situation of soil pollution in agricultural production and the Countermeasures
Authors: Li Guirong , Xing Jian
Published: June 2020

Agriculture is the basic industry on which people depend for existence, which provides a continuous power for the development of national economy and guarantees the development of human and society. But in agricultural production, due to the abuse of chemical fertilizer and pesticide, soil pollution is caused. Soil pollution is a result of long-term accumulation. A large number of pollutants accumulated in the soil will further lead to the expansion of pollution, such as groundwater pollution. It is difficult to control soil pollution. We should start from many aspects, such as strengthening the propaganda of soil pollution control, strengthening the control of agricultural production, to prevent and solve the soil pollution in agricultural production. At the same time, it is a long-term process to repair the polluted soil.
Study on Antibacterial Activity of Amomum tsao-ko Extracts against Bacillus subtilis and Listeria monocytogenes and Preliminary Investigation of Its Antibacterial Mchanism
Authors: Tang Zhiling , Zhao Mingming , Han Yingjie , Gao Luyao , Chen Jingtong , Chen Wenxue , Li Yuansong
Published: June 2020

The main objective of this study was to preliminarily investigate the antibacterial activity and mechanism of action of Amomum tsao-ko (A. tsaoko) extracts against Bacillus subtilis and Listeria monocytogenes. The results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of A. tsaoko extracts against B. subtilis and L. monocytogenes were 1.25 mg/mL. Bacterial growth curves revealed that the A.tsaoko extracts had an obvious antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis and L. monocytogenes. Furthermore, the mechanism of action of A. tsaoko was evaluated by analyzing its effects on the integrity of cell membrane and cell morphology. The leakage of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) confirmed that the A. tsaoko extracts caused serious damage to the wall structure of B. subtilis and L. monocytogenes. Results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) manifested that the destructive effect of A. tsaoko extracts on cell morphology and cell integrity of bacterial cells. The results implied that A. tsaoko extracts showed relatively good antibacterial effect on B. subtilis and L. monocytog.
Toxicity and Effect of Chemicals in Skin Care Products on Human Health
Authors: Liang Wenxin
Published: June 2020

Chemicals in skincare products are very critical because they not only have an influence on the safety of cosmetics but also on all aspects of the human body and life. For sensitive skin, a particular type of skin that should avoid cosmetics containing harmful chemicals, it is significant to evaluate the toxic and protective mechanism of products by using scientific methods. Besides, using the experimental data to explore the protective and toxic effects of functional skincare products on sensitive skin is more clear to clarify the pathophysiology, biochemical changes and particular clinical manifestations of skin diseases. These phenomena occur after the skin contact with chemical substances, and the dynamic process of the chemicals damages the skin barrier and percutaneous absorption. By observing the performance and improvement of sensitive skin protection before and after the experiment, the research evaluates the toxicity of the different chemical substances in skincare products on sensitive skin. The research in this article is also helpful for people to use skin care products reasonably and promote skin health.
Effects of Different Rootstocks on Phosphorus and Potassium Uptake in Eggplant Seedlings under Selenium Stress
Authors: Lu Ronghai , Xi Chunyi , Pan Shaokun , Tang Youwan , Wu Yongmei
Published: June 2020

In the experiment, four new eggplant materials (“190-1-8”, “RS-2”, “RS-5” and “Qinqing”) and wild tomato were used as rootstocks, and eggplant “Fengshengjiaowang” was used as scion to study the effect of different rootstocks on the absorption of phosphorus and potassium by eggplant seedlings under selenium stress. The results showed that after grafting, the absorption of phosphorus in the roots of grafted eggplant seedlings was not significant overall. But grafting can significantly increase potassium uptake by roots of grafted eggplant seedlings. Grafting significantly reduced the content of phosphorus and potassium in scion stems. Phosphorus and potassium content in leaves and rootstock stems vary greatly according to the rootstock. In conclusion, the treatment of using RS-5 and Qinqing as the rootstocks had the best performance overall. For the treatment of using RS-5 as the rootstock, the phosphorus content in roots and leaves was 17.71% and 16.14% higher than that of control, respectively; and the potassium content in the roots and leaves increased by 24.02% and 6.62% compared with the control. For the treatment of using Qinqing as the rootstock, the leaves phosphorus content increased by 16.02% compared with the control, and the root potassium content was 43.20% higher than that of control. The contents of phosphorus and potassium in the rootstock and scion stems performed better than other grafting treatments.
RETRACTED: Application of Intelligent Cultivation System in Plant Growth
Authors: Ying Song , Yuanping Cao
Published: June 2020

Intelligent cultivation system based on Internet of things technology can improve the precision management and scientific management in the process of plant growth. This paper studies the application of intelligent cultivation system. Firstly, the functions and their demand of intelligent cultivation system are expounded, including the software development and its implementation environment. Secondly, it is pointed out that 51 chip microcomputer and Raspberry Pi Raspbian system are modules used to combine the whole system. The experimental results show that the optical sensor of the system can turn on the light supplement, which could form a better growth environment. The automatic irrigation and fertilization module can calculate the proportion of water in the soil. The plant growth recording function, after taking the image, can be processed by image warehouse configured on the server side.
Difficulties and Countermeasures of Agricultural Products Processing Industry in Rural Areas under the Background of Rural Revitalization
Authors: Guo Hao , Sun Jun , Zhang YuShi
Published: June 2020

Industrial prosperity is the focus of rural revitalization, and the agglomeration of agricultural products processing industry is the breakthrough of industrial prosperity. Agricultural product processing industry is an important symbol of modern agriculture and a key link in the construction of modern agriculture. Its development plays an increasingly important role in promoting farmers’ employment income, agricultural value-added and efficiency, and rural prosperity and development. At present, China’s economic development has entered a new normal, and the development of the agricultural product processing industry has also shown some new characteristics. In order to promote its sustainable and healthy development, we must deeply understand these characteristics, grasp the trend change, conform to the trend, seek benefits, avoid harm, and better improve the quality and level of development.