bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Perhatian Orang Tua dan Motivasi Belajar dengan Keaktifan Belajar Siswa SD Negeri 22 Jeppe’e Kecamatan Tanete Riattang Barat Kabupaten Bone
Authors: Ilham  , Arismunandar  , Muhammad Irfan
Published: December 2024

The formulation of the problem in this study is how is the picture of parental attention, learning motivation, learning activity of UPT SD Negeri 22 Jeppe'e, Tanete Riattang Barat District, Bone Regency? and is there a significant relationship between parental attention and learning motivation with learning activity of UPT SD Negeri 22 Jeppe'e, Tanete Riattang Barat District, Bone Regency? This study is a correlation study that aims to determine the picture of parental attention, learning motivation, learning activity and the relationship between parental attention and learning motivation with learning activity of UPT SD Negeri 22 Jeppe'e, Tanete Riattang Barat District, Bone Regency. The research approach is a quantitative approach. Research data were obtained through questionnaires and documentation. The population in the study was all students of the upper class at UPT SD Negeri 22 Jeppe'e, Tanete Riattang Barat sub-district, Bone regency, totaling 54 students. The sample in the study was 54 students. The data analysis technique was descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. The results obtained in this study are a description of parental attention showing a very high category and learning motivation showing a very high category with learning activity showing a high category and parental attention and learning motivation having a significant relationship to student learning activity, especially in the upper class of UPT SD Negeri 22 Jeppe'e, Tanete Riattang Barat sub-district, Bone regency.
Hubungan Manajemen Kelas dan Motivasi Belajar dengan Mutu Pembelajaran di UPT SDN 238 Ujung Tanah Kecamatan Mare Kabupaten Bone
Authors: Jusfiani  , Wahira  , Amir Pada
Published: December 2024

The formulation of the problem in this study is how is the description of class management, learning motivation, and learning quality at UPT SDN 238 Ujung Tanah, Mare District, Bone Regency? and is there a significant relationship between class management and learning motivation with the quality of learning at UPT SDN 238 Ujung Tanah, Mare District, Bone Regency? This study is a correlation study that aims to determine the description of class management, learning motivation, learning quality and the relationship between class management and learning motivation with the quality of learning at UPT SDN 238 Ujung Tanah, Mare District, Bone Regency. The research approach is a quantitative approach. Research data were obtained through questionnaires and documentation. The population in the study were all high-class students at UPT SDN 238 Ujung Tanah, Mare District, Bone Regency, totaling 30 students. The sample in the study amounted to 30 students. The data analysis technique was descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. The results obtained in this study are a description of class management showing a very high category and learning motivation showing a very high category with learning quality showing a very high category and class management and learning motivation have a significant relationship to the quality of student learning, especially in the high class of UPT SDN 238 Ujung Tanah, Mare District, Bone Regency.
Peran Kepala Sekolah Dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Pendidikan SD Negeri 25 Mattirowalie Kecamatan Tanete Riattang Barat Kabupaten Bone
Authors: Salmawati  , Muhammad Faisal  , Wahira
Published: December 2024

The problem of the principal's role in improving and advancing the quality of education is a problem that must be overcome. Solving this problem will be followed by a positive impact on the surrounding community, including at SD Negeri 25 Mattirowalie, Bone Regency, where the principal also uses the role of the principal in improving the quality of education in accordance with the conditions in the environment. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data were obtained by the author by conducting observations in the field and conducting in-depth interviews with sources related to the role of the principal in improving the quality of education at SD Negeri 25 Mattirowalie, Bone Regency. The conclusions obtained in this study are first, the role of the principal in improving the quality of education at SD Negeri 25 Mattirowalie uses a participatory leadership style. Second, the quality shown by teachers is still low. Third, the relevant role of the principal used by the principal of SD Negeri 25 Mattirowalie in improving the quality of teacher education is a participatory leadership style coupled with better supervision by the principal of teacher performance. The implication of this study is that the role of the principal in improving the quality of education needs to be improved in the environment of SD Negeri 25 Mattirowalie if the role used by the principal increases, it can be ascertained that the quality of education produced will increase.
Peningkatan Kompetensi Profesional Guru melalui Supervisi Klinis di MI Candirejo
Authors: Sohif Maftahal Luthfi  , Rahmat Hariyadi
Published: December 2024

This article focuses on the purpose and implementation of supervision carried out at MI Candirejo to see the improvement of teacher professionalism through clinical supervision with an educational background in accordance with the teaching profession. The research in this article uses descriptive qualitative research with a Library Research approach, namely by reading, examining and reviewing journals and writing sources that are closely related to the issues discussed. The results of this study indicate that there are findings of 2 teachers with educational backgrounds who graduated from MI to become teachers at MI Candirejo, this will affect the professionalism of teachers in educating and teaching. Related to the four professional competencies of the teacher. The school's efforts to improve teachers' professional performance include requiring teachers who attend training to socialise with other teachers at school on Saturdays and sending them to attend training outside of general and service-based training. The centre fosters the school's efforts to improve the four competencies. The results of initial observations and school profile data of MI Candirejo, Using the term ‘bottom up’ is more for teachers who ask questions, especially for new teachers who are not familiar with the culture and character of the school. On average, only small problems are solved by asking the right person to fix it so that the teacher can fix the problem. In MI Candirejo, clinical supervision to improve teacher professionalism is very adaptive, starting from planning which is only communicated to teachers in weekly routine meetings by the principal. It can be concluded that clinical supervision will create teacher professionalism through coaching conducted by the principal and follow-up conducted by the supervisor as well as the participation of senior teachers and also the vice curriculum at school.
DETERMINAN MATRIKS ORDO 3X3 DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE CROUT
Authors: Vivi Sahira Lestary
Published: December 2024

The determinant is an arrangement of numbers or symbols in the form of a square and presented between two vertical lines. The determinant as a unit that represents a value from the given matrix. The determinant of matrix A is denoted by [A] or det(A). In matrix theory, the calculation of determinants is one of the studies that is often discussed. Calculation of the determinant associated with a small matrix (n ≤ 3) is usually never a problem, only using the definition of the determinant can usually be solved immediately. However, calculating the determinant of a matrix with a large size is difficult to do if you only use the definition of the determinant. Several methods that can be used to calculate the determinant of a matrix are the row reduction method, the Laplace/cofactor expansion method and the Crout method. To determine the determinant of the matrix in this article, the Crout method will be used.
Persamaan Diferensial Bernouli
Authors: Marliza Syafitri
Published: December 2024

A differential equation is an equation that contains the derivative of one or more of the independent variables. An ordinary differential equation contains only one independent variable, while a partial differential equation contains more than one variable. This article explains how to solve Bernouli's differential equation which is a first order differential equation and can be solved by the integral factor method.
Implementasi Etika dalam Bisnis Islam terhadap Persaingan Usaha Pelaku UMKM di Pasar Senggol Kota Pare-Pare
Authors: A. Melantik Rompegading  , Lukman  , Rais  , Shadri
Published: December 2024

This study aims to examine the implementation of ethics in Islamic business towards business competition of MSME actors in Senggol Market, Pare-pare City by focusing on the formulation of the problem about, 1. What is the form of buying and selling activities of MSME actors in Senggol Market, Pare-pare City? 2. What influences the implementation of Islamic business ethics towards MSME actors in Senggol Market, Pare-pare City? This study was conducted using a field research approach through the process of collecting, processing, presenting, and analyzing data in order to reveal the truth of knowledge scientifically, so as to produce valid findings. This method is designed to provide accurate answers to the problems studied. In analyzing the issues discussed, the author utilizes the implementation theory and the theory of Islamic business ethics. The results of this study indicate that the buying and selling activities carried out by MSME actors in Senggol Market, Parepare City can be seen from the aspects of product, price, and service. In addition, there are four main competition factors that occur in this area, namely competition in products, prices, locations, and services. The implementation of Islamic business ethics is measured based on several principles, namely the principles of monotheism, honesty, freedom of will, and responsibility. Most MSME actors have implemented these principles, although there are still some who have not fully implemented them.
Pengaruh Teknologi Informasi terhadap Hukum dalam Masyarakat
Authors: Andeas Rezeki Lombu  , Armen Fernando  , Muhammad Arfansyah  , Putri Theresia Pasaribu  , Ryan Samosir
Published: December 2024

Information technology has brought profound transformation in various aspects of life, including in the context of law in Indonesian society. In facing the complexities and dynamics of technological development, a deep understanding of the associated challenges and implications has become an urgent need. This research aims to investigate the impact of information technology on law within Indonesian society and to identify appropriate policy recommendations to address the emerging challenges. A qualitative approach is used in this study, gathering data from various relevant sources and systematically processing it. The results of the study indicate that the development of information technology (IT) has had a significant impact on the legal system in Indonesia, particularly in improving efficiency, transparency, and accessibility of law for society.
Kedudukan Hukum dalam Lingkungan Masyarakat
Authors: Tamaulina Br. Sembiring  , Yohana Riama Theresia Br. Tampubolon
Published: December 2024

Law plays a very important role in social life. As a mutually agreed rule, law not only functions to regulate individual behavior, but also to create order, justice, and welfare in society. This journal aims to explore the role of law in shaping social structures, regulating relationships between individuals, and protecting human rights. By reviewing various legal theories and their applications in everyday life, this journal hopes to provide a clearer picture of the functions and challenges faced by law in the context of modern society.
Urban Development Challenges and Solutions in Indian Municipalities
Authors:   Maulana Azad National Urdu University, Ahmed Mr.Riaz
Published: December 2024

India’s rapid urbanization has brought about significant transformations in its municipalities, posing both opportunities and challenges. Urban areas now serve as economic and cultural hubs, yet they grapple with issues such as inadequate infrastructure, environmental degradation, socio-economic disparities, and governance inefficiencies. This research investigates the key challenges faced by Indian municipalities in their pursuit of sustainable urban development and explores viable solutions to address these issues. The study identifies critical challenges, including unplanned urban sprawl, traffic congestion, housing shortages, waste management inefficiencies, and the strain on water and energy resources. It highlights the impact of these issues on public health, quality of life, and economic productivity. Furthermore, the research delves into institutional and governance hurdles, such as fragmented policy implementation, financial constraints, and limited citizen participation. To address these challenges, the study proposes a multi-pronged approach emphasizing integrated urban planning, smart city initiatives, and publicprivate partnerships (PPPs). It advocates for adopting sustainable practices such as green infrastructure, renewable energy, and efficient waste recycling systems. The research underscores the importance of community engagement and participatory governance models in fostering inclusivity and accountability. Additionally, case studies of successful interventions from Indian and global contexts are analyzed to derive best practices and scalable solutions. The findings underscore that sustainable urban development in Indian municipalities requires a collaborative effort involving government bodies, private stakeholders, and civil society. By aligning urban growth with the principles of environmental sustainability, social equity, and economic resilience, Indian municipalities can overcome their current challenges and pave the way for a sustainable urban future. This research provides actionable insights and policy recommendations that can guide decision-makers and urban planners in their efforts to build resilient and thriving cities.
Metacognitive Skills and Academic Achievement of Secondary Level Students of District Baramulla
Authors:   Department of Higher Education, Jammu and Kashmir, Latief Asiya
Published: December 2024

Metacognitive skills are acquired during childhood and prepare students for lifelong learning. Students will need metacognitive skills to monitor and track their mastery of scientific process skills such as fact-finding and concept-building. Academic achievement relies heavily on metacognitive skills. Metacognitive awareness is a crucial component in assisting learners in becoming more productive and, more significantly, autonomous. The aims of the present study is to determine the relationship between metacognitive skills and academic achievement of higher secondary school students. A sample of 200 higher secondary students (100 boys and 100 girls) were selected for the study by using convenience sampling technique. In the present study the researcher uses descriptive survey method. Data was collected with the help of Metacognitive Skills Scale developed by Madhu Gupta and Sumari (2020). For analyzing the data, mean, percentage and correlation were employed. The findings of the study revealed that there is a significant relationship between metacognitive skills and academic achievement among higher secondary school students of district Baramulla. The findings of the study also inferred that majority of the students have above average level of metacognitive skills (28%) and only few students fall in the range of below average level of metacognitive skills (8%), hence, it reveals that majority of higher secondary school students are possessing above average level of metacognitive skills.
Relationship between Achievement in Mathematics and Problem Solving Ability of High School Students
Authors:   Annamalai University, J Kalaivani , Sree Dr.N.Amutha ,   Annamalai University
Published: December 2024

The home environment refers to the physical, emotional, and psychological atmosphere in which a child grows up. The home environment plays a vital role in shaping a student’s performance in mathematics. National Policy on Education (NPE, 1986) has envisaged that, “Mathematics should be visualized as the vehicle of communication to train a child to think, to reason, to articulate and to analyses logically. It should be treated as a concomitant to any subject involving analysis and synthesis. Different types of problem solving are critical to the discussion of problem solving and student achievement because of the potentially different impact on student achievement. The present study aimed to find out the relationship between achievement in mathematics and problem solving ability of high school students. A sample of 434 high school students was selected for data collection. Achievement Test in Mathematics constructed and validated by the investigators and Home Environment Scale constructed and validated by the investigators. Descriptive and differential analysis for further analysis and interpretation. Findings of the study revealed that High School students’ level of Achievement in Mathematics is average. High School students’ level of Problem Solving Ability is average. There is no significance difference between male and female High school students in their Achievement in Mathematics and Home environment. There is a significance difference between rural and urban High school students in their Achievement in Mathematics. There exist a positive and significant relationship between achievement in mathematics and Home Environment among high school students.
Representation of Feministic Voice in Divakaruni
Authors:   Maharaja Sayajirao Gaikwad Arts, Science & Commerce College, Kokane Dr.Kalyan Shidram
Published: December 2024

This paper explores Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni’s novel The Mistress of Spices (1997) from the perspective of expatriate reality. By viewing this text from the point view of expatriate reality, our research paper explores realistically the place of immigrants in America. Our reading, from the perspective of expatriate reality, illustrates the way of life of immigrants in America, their problems and their slow merger into the American culture.
Islamic Frameworks for Innovation Management in Education: An Integrative Multidisciplinary Approach
Authors: Sutardi Didi , Radita Fatrilia Rasyi , Fauji Ahmad , Wahyuni Sri , Asbari Masduki
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze the dynamics of cooperation and conflict in the context of education based on Religion, Philosophy, Psychology and Sociology (AFPS) in primary and junior secondary schools in Indonesia. A descriptive qualitative approach was used in this study with data collection methods through semi-structured interviews with key personnel, including principals, teachers and students, as well as direct observation in the classroom. The results showed that AFPS-based education successfully increased students' engagement and cooperation through group discussions, collaborative work, as well as the development of critical thinking skills. However, conflict challenges arise as a result of students' different religious backgrounds, philosophical values and academic abilities, which can hinder the learning process if not managed well. Teachers play a key role in facilitating cooperative dynamics and managing conflicts that arise in the classroom. This study also found that factors such as the role of the teacher, school culture, and students' social and cultural backgrounds have a significant effect on the success of AFPS-based education. The implications of this study include the importance of continuous teacher training, managerial support from schools and strengthening inclusive school culture to support open dialogue and effective cooperation in the classroom. The findings are expected to guide the development of a more holistic and inclusive curriculum in Indonesia.
Penerapan Lean Management Operasi di Bidang Manufaktur: Literature Review
Authors: Ayunita Dian , Asbari Masduki , Darmawan Putra
Published: December 2024

Dalam industri manufaktur, penerapan Lean Management bertujuan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan mengurangi pemborosan di setiap langkah proses produksi. Kurangnya pemahaman tentang prinsip-prinsip lean dan resistensi terhadap perubahan di tingkat organisasi merupakan dua tantangan utama dalam implementasi lean. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau berbagai jurnal yang membahas penerapan Lean Management di industri manufaktur. Jurnal nasional dan internasional digunakan untuk mencari artikel akademik, dengan arsip dari tahun 2019 hingga 2024. Penelitian ini mengkaji tiga artikel utama, yaitu Shou et al. (2020), Choudhary et al. (2022), dan Yaw et al. (2020), yang membahas berbagai aspek penerapan Lean Management. Fokus utama dari kajian ini mencakup pengurangan pemborosan, peningkatan aliran produksi, serta perbaikan kualitas. Studi menunjukkan bahwa penerapan Lean Management yang tepat dapat meningkatkan efisiensi operasional, mengurangi biaya produksi, dan meningkatkan kualitas produk. Namun, penerapan lean memerlukan komitmen manajemen dan budaya perusahaan. Kesimpulannya, Lean Management dapat meningkatkan kinerja industri manufaktur jika didukung oleh perencanaan yang matang dan pelatihan berkelanjutan.
رسالة الإمام ابن عربي للإمام الرازي: دراسة تحليلية
Authors: العايدي ربيع
Published: December 2024

يهدف هذا البحث إلى تسليط الضوء على الجدلية القائمة بين علم الكلام وعلم العرفان، وذلك من خلال دراسة رسالة أرسلها الشيخ محيي الدين ابن عربي إلى الإمام فخر الدين الرازي. وتكمن أهمية هذا البحث في كونه يناقش أهم القضايا الجدلية التي تشغل بال المهتمين بعلم الكلام وعلم العرفان، ويحاول تذليل العقبات التي تحول دون فهم كلام أهل الله. ويتناول البحث، في الفصل الأول، الانتقادات التي وجهها الشيخ الكوثري إلى الإمام الرازي. أما الفصل الثاني فيتناول رسالة الإمام ابن عربي للإمام الرازي، ويناقش أهم الإشكالات التي تعرض لها الرازي في كتاباته، وقد حاول البحث تخريج كلام الرازي وفهمه على وجه مقبول شرعاً وعقلاً. كما تناول البحث أهم الاعتراضات التي وُجهت إلى الإمام ابن عربي من خصومه، ولا سيما فيما يتعلق بوحدة الوجود، وبيَّن معناها وأنها لا تحمل في طياتها كفراً أو زندقة. وتناول البحث أيضاً رأي ابن عربي في كيفية العذاب وشكله، وأهمية العقل في منظور ابن عربي. وخلص البحث إلى أن هذه الدراسة تُسهم في تخفيف حدة التوتر واذلحساسية الزائدة تجاه كلام أهل العرفان، وتفتح الباب لفهمه على نحو أفضل، رغم أنها لا تستطيع بمفردها أن تكشف الغموض عن مصطلحاتهم بشكل كامل. كما خلص إلى أن الإمام ابن عربي لا ينكر أهمية العقل، لكنه يرى أن للعقل حدوداً ينبغي ألا يتجاوزها. وأوصى البحث بضرورة إجراء المزيد من الدراسات حول هذا الموضوع لسد الفجوة بين علم الكلام وعلم العرفان.
Análisis técnico y económico de la losa maciza y la losa aligerada semiprefabricada
Authors: Wood Vera Wendy Agnes , Desvars Benítez Dania Leticia
Published: December 2024

El presente estudio comparativo analiza las características técnicas y económicas de dos sistemas constructivos de losas ampliamente utilizados en la ciudad de Concepción, Paraguay: la losa maciza tradicional y la losa aligerada semiprefabricada con ladrillo cerámico. El objetivo principal es evaluar la eficiencia relativa de ambos sistemas en términos de costos, plazos de ejecución y desempeño estructural, con el fin de proporcionar una herramienta de apoyo a ingenieros y arquitectos en la toma de decisiones durante el diseño y la construcción de edificaciones. Se empleó un enfoque metodológico mixto que combinó el análisis estructural mediante software especializado (CYPECAD) con la recopilación de datos empíricos sobre costos, tiempos de construcción y comportamiento estructural de ambas tipologías de losas. El estudio se enfoca en todos los edificios de Concepción, eligiendo como muestra un edificio en altura con subsuelo, planta baja, 7 plantas tipo y azotea. La investigación utiliza información de proyectos anteriores, libros y normativas para el dimensionamiento y comparación de las estructuras con las losas estudiadas. Los resultados obtenidos evidencian que la losa aligerada semiprefabricada presenta ventajas económicas significativas, especialmente en edificaciones de gran altura, debido a su menor peso propio, la optimización en el uso de materiales y la reducción de los tiempos de construcción en obra. Sin embargo, la losa maciza se mantiene como una alternativa viable para proyectos de menor envergadura o aquellos en los que se prioriza la simplicidad constructiva. En conclusión, la elección de uso entre las losas se debe considerar de manera integral las características específicas de cada proyecto, tales como la altura de la edificación, las cargas a soportar, los requerimientos de rapidez constructiva y las restricciones presupuestarias.
COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF GLASS IONOMER VS. COMPOSITE RESIN IN PEDIATRIC DENTISTRY: A META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Amna Bint E Rashid  , Umaima Binte Azam  , Mahnoor Zaheer  , Maham Noor  , Romeysah Adnan  , Syeda Amtul Razeeqa  , Youhamna Rehan  , Muhammad Haseeb Haider  , Razan Mohammad Makki Bakhsh  , Hiba Rizwan
Published: December 2024

Background: Paediatric dentistry is essential for maintaining children's oral health, with the choice of restorative materials significantly impacting treatment outcomes. Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC) excels in chemical bonding and fluoride release, aiding in caries prevention. Composite Resin, noted for its aesthetic appeal and strength, is favoured for restorations that are both visible and bear significant masticatory forces.
Objective: This study aims to compare the clinical effectiveness of GIC versus Composite Resin in podiatric dentistry, specifically assessing caries reduction, restoration durability, marginal integrity, and the prevention of secondary caries.
Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Included were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared GIC and Composite Resin in paediatric molar restorations. Outcomes measured included caries prevention, durability, marginal integrity, and secondary caries recurrence. Data were analysed using random-effects models.
Results: Analysis of ten studies involving 1,430 paediatric patients revealed that GIC provided a 22% relative reduction in caries incidence (RR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.72–0.84, p < 0.001). Composite Resin offered enhanced durability with an RR of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.75–0.90, p = 0.002). GIC was superior in preventing secondary caries (RR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.70–0.80, p = 0.003), whereas Composite Resin excelled in maintaining marginal integrity (RR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.76–0.88, p = 0.004).
Conclusion: GIC and Composite Resin each provide unique benefits in paediatric dentistry. GIC is optimal for caries prevention, while Composite Resin is ideal for ensuring durability and superior aesthetic outcomes. Selection should be tailored based on individual patient needs and specific clinical conditions.
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF FALLS AMONG ELDER POPULATION IN PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN: A CROSS-SECTION ANALYSIS
Authors: Hussain Majid , Javed Laiba , Khan Sohail , Ahmad Khan Israr , Zakria Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Background: Falls among the elderly are a significant public health concern that can lead to severe injuries and diminished quality of life. In Peshawar, Pakistan, the unique cultural, environmental, and socioeconomic factors may specifically influence the prevalence and risk factors of falls within this demographic.
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of falls and to identify critical risk factors for falls among the elderly in Peshawar.
Methods: Conducted from March to August 2024, this cross-sectional study enrolled 68 elderly individuals aged 60 and above from three tertiary care hospitals in Peshawar—Jinnah Teaching Hospital, Lady Reading Hospital, and Hayatabad Medical Complex. Participants were selected through non-probability convenient sampling. Data collection was performed using a validated Likert scale questionnaire. Statistical analysis involved descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests, utilizing SPSS version 26.
Results: Of the participants, 34% reported at least one fall in the previous year, with falls more frequently occurring at night (38%) than during the day (34%). Most falls took place either at home (34%) or in public areas (37%). Significant injuries were reported by 34% of those who fell, including bone fractures (34%) and head injuries (32%). Notably, 38% of participants were regularly taking medications known to increase fall risk.
Conclusion: The findings indicate a high prevalence of falls among the elderly in Peshawar, often resulting in serious injuries. Effective fall prevention strategies should focus on improving home safety, managing medication side effects, and encouraging regular physical activity to mitigate the risk of falls in this vulnerable population.
LIFESTYLE FACTORS AND NEUROINFLAMMATION IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE: EXAMINING THE ROLE OF DIET, EXERCISE, AND STRESS MANAGEMENT: A META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Hamzah M. Alghzawi  , Mujtuba Siddiqui  , Anusha Fatema Saiyeda  , Haider Hasnain  , Sherbano  , Ji Woo Kim  , Malik Ahadullah  , Syeda Samia Shams  , Zainab Salahuddin
Published: December 2024

Background: Alzheimer's disease, increasingly recognized for its devastating impact on cognitive functions and neurodegenerative processes, is closely linked with neuroinflammation. Lifestyle factors such as diet, exercise, and stress management have emerged as pivotal nonpharmacological modulators potentially influencing the onset and progression of Alzheimer's disease.
Objective: This meta-analysis assesses how lifestyle factors—diet, physical exercise, and stress management—affect neuroinflammation and cognitive outcomes in individuals at risk or diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease, synthesizing evidence from randomized controlled trials and clinical studies.
Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar to identify studies exploring the effects of diet, exercise, or stress management on neuroinflammation and cognitive functions in Alzheimer's disease. Ten randomized controlled trials and clinical studies with follow-up periods ranging from 3 to 48 months were included, focusing on cognitive function, behavioural symptoms, and quality of life.
Results: Lifestyle interventions significantly influenced neuroinflammation and cognitive outcomes. Diets, particularly the Mediterranean and ketogenic diets, showed marked reductions in neuroinflammation markers and enhancements in cognitive performance. Aerobic exercise improved memory and executive functions, while mindfulness-based stress reduction and meditation provided benefits for both Alzheimer's patients and their caregivers by decreasing neuroinflammation and psychological distress.
Conclusion: Diet, exercise, and stress management represent promising nonpharmacological approaches to manage Alzheimer's disease through modulating neuroinflammation. Integrating these interventions could improve cognitive outcomes, decelerate disease progression, and enhance quality of life. Further research is needed to confirm long-term effects and refine these strategies for broader clinical implementation.
ASSOCIATION OF ASSERTIVENESS WITH EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND SELF-ESTEEM AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS
Authors: Chandio Khushboo , Akhtar Parveen , Mansoor ul Haque Nohri  , Bakhsh Lolai Muhammad , Sahoowal Aisha , Dean Rubina
Published: December 2024

Background: Assertiveness, emotional intelligence (EI), and self-esteem are key psychological traits essential for success in healthcare professions. These attributes significantly influence effective communication, self-expression, and emotional regulation, crucial for healthcare professionals such as nurses and physiotherapists.
Objective: This study aims to investigate the associations between assertiveness, emotional intelligence, and self-esteem among undergraduate students in the BS Nursing and Doctor of Physiotherapy programs at Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro. Specific objectives include assessing levels of self-esteem and assertiveness and examining their relationships with emotional intelligence.
Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study was undertaken over a six-month period involving 242 students chosen through non-probability convenient sampling. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test, and the Begley and Glacken Assertiveness Questionnaire were employed for data collection. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS, focusing on descriptive statistics, correlation, regression, and ANOVA.
Results: The demographic profile showed a majority of female students (57% in nursing and 84.3% in physiotherapy), predominantly aged between 21-25 years. A substantial number of students originated from rural areas. Emotional intelligence scores were notably high across both student groups. In contrast, self-esteem and assertiveness levels were moderate. Regression analysis revealed that self-esteem significantly predicted assertiveness in nursing students, while emotional intelligence did not exhibit a significant effect on assertiveness in either group.
Conclusion: The findings indicate high emotional intelligence and moderate levels of self-esteem and assertiveness among the students. While self-esteem significantly influences assertiveness in nursing students, emotional intelligence does not affect assertiveness. The results emphasize the necessity of integrating emotional intelligence and assertiveness training into healthcare education curricula to foster the development of competent and resilient professionals.
PERCEPTION OF CLINICAL PHYSICAL THERAPISTS ABOUT PILATES EXERCISES TO TREAT NON-SPECIFIC LOW BACK PAIN -A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY
Authors: Ayesha Asif  , Sajal Waheed  , Zainab Tahir  , Laiba Noor  , Samra Saleem  , Hamna Faisal  , Aiza Nasir
Published: December 2024

Background: Non-specific low back pain (NSLBP) encompasses a variety of etiologies including muscular and ligament strains, fractures, tumors, and infections like spinal tuberculosis. Predominantly, it is characterized by painful muscular strains and poor body mechanics, with potential involvement of abdominal viscera contributing to discomfort.
Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess the perceptions of clinical physical therapists regarding the use of Pilates exercises for the treatment of NSLBP.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study will engage physical therapists across diverse clinical settings to explore their use of Pilates in managing NSLBP. The research will span four months following synopsis approval, employing purposive sampling to select 169 participants. A specially designed questionnaire will be used to gather data on therapists' perceptions of Pilates as a therapeutic approach.
Results: Preliminary findings indicate that Pilates exercises are deemed effective by a majority of physical therapists for treating NSLBP, highlighting their frequent application in clinical practice.
Conclusion: Pilates exercises substantially reduce pain and enhance the range of motion in patients suffering from NSLBP, indicating a significant therapeutic benefit.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF PREVALENCE OF SURGICAL SITE INFECTION USING POVIDONE IODINE VS CHLORHEXIDINE ALCOHOL IN PREOPERATIVE SKIN PREPARATION IN ABDOMINAL HERNIAS
Authors: Saqlain Muhammad , Muhammad Imran  , Muhammad Danial Yousaf  , Aoun Ayub  , Sajid Ali  , Umer Naeem  , Muhammad Farrukh Habib
Published: December 2024

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are among the most common complications following abdominal surgeries, including hernia repairs. These infections significantly contribute to patient morbidity and healthcare burden, especially in resource-limited settings. Preoperative skin antisepsis is a critical factor in SSI prevention, with agents such as povidone iodine (PI) and chlorhexidine alcohol (CA) frequently used. However, their comparative efficacy in reducing SSI rates remains an area of clinical interest, necessitating further exploration.
Objective: To compare the prevalence of SSIs in patients undergoing preoperative skin preparation with povidone iodine versus chlorhexidine alcohol during abdominal hernia repair.
Methods: This comparative non-randomized controlled trial was conducted at CMH, Rawalpindi, from May 2022 to February 2023. A total of 300 patients scheduled for hernia repair were enrolled and divided equally into two groups: group A (PI) and group B (CA). Group allocation was performed using a single-blinded technique to minimize bias. Preoperative skin preparation was conducted with a 10% PI solution for group A and a CA solution (2% chlorhexidine in 70% alcohol) for group B. Patients were followed up for 30 days post-surgery to evaluate the presence of SSIs, defined as purulent discharge, fever, elevated white blood cell count, swelling, or erythema at the surgical site. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22, with statistical significance set at p ≤ 0.05.
Results: The study included 300 patients with a mean age of 40.42 ± 8.71 years, of whom 124 (41.30%) were male and 176 (58.70%) were female. The overall SSI frequency was 69 (23.00%). SSI was significantly higher in the PI group compared to the CA group, with rates of 34.00% (51/150) versus 12.00% (18/150), respectively (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Chlorhexidine alcohol is significantly more effective than povidone iodine in reducing the prevalence of SSIs in abdominal hernia surgeries. Its use should be preferred for preoperative skin antisepsis to improve surgical outcomes.
EXPLORING THE NUTRITIONAL, FUNCTIONAL, AND SUSTAINABLE UTILIZATION OF DATE PALM (PHOENIX DACTYLIFERA L.) IN FOOD APPLICATIONS: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Authors: Saeed Madeeha , Muhammad Bilal Haider  , Bisma Khaliq  , Mehboob Ahmad  , Muzamil Muhammad , Ghulam Murtaza  , Muhammad Abdullah  , Muhammad Maaz Habib  , Muhammad Irfan  , Syed Junaid Zafar
Published: December 2024

Background: Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is a vital fruit crop in arid and semi-arid regions, with global production surpassing 9 million metric tons annually. The fruit is consumed fresh or processed into products like paste, powder, syrup, and jam.
Nutritional and Functional Properties: Dates are rich in fiber, sugars, and essential minerals. They exhibit functional properties, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and free radical scavenging activities, making them valuable in functional food development.
By-Product Valorization: A significant portion of date palm biomass, including seeds and other residues, is often discarded, contributing to environmental waste. However, these by-products, such as seeds rich in antioxidants and nutrients, can be repurposed into flour or bioactive compounds and transformed into animal feed, biofuels, or biodegradable materials.
Objectives: This review highlights the nutritional and functional attributes of date fruits, explores their applications in food product development, and emphasizes the sustainable utilization of date palm waste. It presents an integrated approach to maximizing the value of this ancient crop through innovative and eco-friendly practices.
OUTCOME OF PLEX IN GUILLAIN–BARRÉ SYNDROME PATIENTS TREATED BEFORE AND AFTER 7 DAYS OF SYMPTOMS ONSET
Authors: Jamshaid Iqbal  , Abdul Hameed Khan  , Sarah Azam  , Sidra Fazal  , Muhammad Waleed Ahmed  , Shehrbano Ali  , Muhammad Farrukh Habib
Published: December 2024

Background: Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an acute, immune-mediated polyneuropathy that often follows infections, characterized by varying degrees of motor weakness, sensory impairment, and autonomic dysfunction. The disease has multiple subtypes, including Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy (AIDP) and Acute Motor Axonal Neuropathy (AMAN), with diverse functional outcomes. Plasma exchange (PLEX) has emerged as a cost-effective and efficient therapeutic option in resource-limited settings, but its impact on various subtypes and functional outcomes requires further exploration.
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of plasma exchange (PLEX) as a treatment for GBS and to prospectively analyze the clinical and functional outcomes of patients aged 16 and above across different subtypes of GBS.
Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted over six months at a tertiary care hospital in Rawalpindi. Participants aged 16 and older, meeting inclusion criteria, underwent detailed history taking, clinical examination, and electrophysiological studies, including Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and EMG, to categorize GBS subtypes. Functional disability was assessed using the Hughes GBS Disability Scale. All patients received five sessions of PLEX initiated on the day of admission. Outcomes were evaluated on the seventh day. Data analysis was performed using SPSS, with quantitative variables presented as means and qualitative variables as percentages.
Results: A total of 40 participants were included, with a mean age of 38.97 ± 5.4 years. Males constituted 63% (n = 25) and females 37% (n = 15). Participants were categorized by Hughes GBS Disability Score into Group 1 (n = 5, Score 2), Group 2 (n = 12, Score 3), Group 3 (n = 20, Score 4), and Group 4 (n = 3, Score 5). Based on EMG findings, 57.5% (n = 23) had AIDP, 30% (n = 12) had AMAN, and 12.5% (n = 5) had AMSAN. After seven days of treatment, 80% of patients in Groups 1 and 2 showed significant improvement, while 75% in Group 3 and 33% in Group 4 demonstrated partial recovery. AIDP had the best response to PLEX, with 24 patients showing improvement, compared to 1 patient with AMAN and 2 with AMSAN.
Conclusion: Patients with GBS exhibit varying functional disabilities and outcomes across different subtypes. PLEX demonstrated significant improvement, particularly in patients with lower initial disability scores and the AIDP subtype. Early intervention and subtype-specific management are critical for optimizing outcomes.
ROLE OF PERIODONTAL INFLAMMATION IN AGGRAVATING CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS AMONG CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE PATIENTS: A META-ANALYSIS
Authors: Bukha Syeda Ramsha , Romeysah Adnan  , Qandeel Khalid  , Syeda Asmar Saqib  , Fiza Zaheer Tunio  , Syeda Amtul Razeeqa  , Abeera khan  , Hamzah M. Alghzawi
Published: December 2024

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with inflammation playing a central role in its progression. Evidence suggests that periodontal disease, a chronic inflammatory condition affecting gum tissues, is linked to systemic inflammation markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), which are established CAD risk factors. This meta-analysis explores the association between periodontal inflammation and cardiovascular events in CAD patients, underscoring the importance of oral health in reducing cardiovascular risk.
Objective: To evaluate the relationship between periodontal inflammation and cardiovascular events in CAD patients and to synthesize current literature for clinical implications.
Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar using predefined Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and keywords, including "periodontal inflammation," "cardiovascular events," and "CAD." Studies were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria focusing on CAD patients with periodontal inflammation and cardiovascular outcomes. Data extraction included study characteristics, periodontal measures, cardiovascular outcomes, and inflammatory markers. A random-effects model was used to account for heterogeneity across studies.
Results: Ten studies met inclusion criteria, with sample sizes ranging from 500 to 2000 participants and various study designs. Findings revealed a strong association between periodontal disease and cardiovascular outcomes, particularly myocardial infarction (MI), with odds ratios (OR) ranging from 1.50 to 2.20. Subgroup analysis showed case-control studies reporting stronger associations, with significant heterogeneity across studies (Q = 152.77, I² = 86.3%). Egger’s test indicated potential publication bias (p = 0.013), suggesting further validation is needed.
Conclusion: This analysis indicates a significant association between periodontal inflammation and elevated cardiovascular risk in CAD patients. Incorporating periodontal health monitoring into CAD management could provide a comprehensive approach to reducing cardiovascular complications. Further research is recommended to assess the potential benefits of routine periodontal care in CAD prevention.
A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY TO INVESTIGATE COST-RELATED NON-ADHERENCE AMONG DIABETIC PATIENTS IN TWIN CITIES
Authors: Sana Ayesha , Ibrahim Aneeb , -us-Sahar Najam , Khan Robaica , Saleem Zaid , Aziz Iqtidar , Iqbal Kashif , Bilal Muhammad
Published: December 2024

Background: Medication nonadherence is a significant global health issue, particularly among diabetic patients, and is associated with worsened health outcomes and increased healthcare costs. In Pakistan, where diabetes prevalence is high, socioeconomic disparities exacerbate adherence challenges. Cost-related barriers, forgetfulness, and complex medication regimens are commonly cited reasons for nonadherence. Understanding the influence of socioeconomic factors such as income, education, and insurance coverage on medication adherence is essential to developing effective strategies for improving diabetes management.
Objective: To investigate the correlation between socioeconomic factors (income levels, education, and insurance coverage) and medication adherence among diabetic patients in Rawalpindi and Islamabad.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 300 diabetic patients from Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Data were collected using a validated self-administered questionnaire consisting of six sections, including demographics, adherence challenges, and coping strategies. Statistical analysis, including chi-square tests, was performed using SPSS version 23.0 to identify significant associations (p<0.05). Ethical approval was obtained from the university's ethical review board.
Results: Among the 300 participants, 45% reported nonadherence to medication regimens, primarily due to financial concerns (37.3%) and forgetfulness (50.3%). The majority (61%) were aged between 30 and 50 years, and 79.3% sought alternative financial support, while 80.3% were aware of community resources. Significant associations were observed between age and key adherence factors, including cost-related challenges (p<0.001). Despite awareness and financial assistance, adherence barriers persisted.
Conclusion: This study highlights the critical impact of socioeconomic factors on medication adherence among diabetic patients in Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Addressing nonadherence requires a multifaceted approach, including enhanced financial support, personalized counseling, and innovative interventions such as healthcare reminders, to improve diabetes management outcomes.