bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CHALLENGES IN PRESENTING ACADEMIC CRITICISM: CASE STUDY OF INDONESIAN STUDENTS
Authors: Ariani Nova
Published: February 2020

Presenting academic criticism in academic papers is one of the most challenging study tasks for students from Non-English-Speaking Background (NESB) countries studying in Australia. Most lecturers in Australian university expect students to engage in critical discussion and put their adversarial position in academic writing. This study investigates the challenges experienced by Indonesian students studying in Australia in presenting academic criticism. Data were collected through questionnaires along with two focus group interviews of Indonesian graduate students in Australia. The study has found that cultural values, socio-political situations, and previous educational experience in Indonesia have contributed to participants’ limited writing experience and limited critical literacy practice. All of these have manifested to their struggle of presenting academic criticism and writing according to the expected dominant discourse in Australia.
CONTINUOUS PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT: TEACHERS' VOICES
Authors: Suharyadi Suharyadi , Sulistyo Gunadi Harry , Rachmajanti Sri
Published: February 2020

Being professional English teachers requires knowledge and competences that should be continuously nurtured to sustain their expertise, and one of the programs in Indonesia is the so-called Continuous Professional Development as officially declared by the Indonesian government in 2012. Certified teachers generally undergo either short- or long-term training experiences to update their teaching knowledge and skills. However, little empirical evidence has been conducted to examine the sustainability of such training practices on the teachers' professionalism. Henceforth, this study is aimed at investigating how such English teacher professional development training practices have been carried out and what teachers expect from such training. To that end, a survey is conducted involving a number of teachers drawn randomly from different six provinces. i.e. East Java, West Java, Lampung, East Borneo, South Sumatra, and East Papua throughout Indonesia. Descriptive statistical analyses are exerted to analyze the data collected. The findings suggest that a more down-to-earth reflective training as continuous professional development is in compelling need.
Funciones ejecutivas y nociones matemáticas en preescolares de cinco años
Authors: Chavarría Velásquez Silvia Dalila , Novoa Castillo Pedro Félix , Sánchez Aguirre Flor de María , Uribe Hernández Yrene Cecilia , Ramirez Maldonado Yenncy Petronila
Published: February 2020

El presente estudio tiene como propósito determinar correlación entre funciones ejecutivas y nociones matemáticas en niños de cinco años. Para llevar a cabo la averiguación se tomó como muestra a 80 infantes de una institución pública, a quienes se evaluó las distintas nociones como el de objeto, espacio, tiempo y de orden; en conjunto con las funciones ejecutivas memoria de trabajo, control inhibitorio y flexibilidad cognitiva. Para lo cual se utilizó dos fichas de observación. La metodología empleada corresponde a un enfoque cuantitativo de tipo básico, tipo básico, nivel correlacional, diseño no experimental, corte transversal. Se obtuvieron como resultados un Rho= 0,638, lo que indica que la correlación es positiva moderada según Spearman con un grado de significancia bilateral equivalente a p = 0,00 (p <.005), por lo que se afirma una relación significativa entre ambos temas. Se llegó a concluir que si existe relación entre variables y dimensiones.
e^(ax+by) Yoğunluklu E^3_1 Uzayında Sıfır Ağırlıklı Eğriliğe Sahip Null Olmayan Düzlemsel Eğrilerin Oluşturduğu Yüzeyler
Authors: ALTIN Mustafa , KAZAN Ahmet , KARADAĞ H.bayram
Published: February 2020

Bu çalışmada, e^(ax+by) yoğunluklu E^3_1  Lorentz-Minkowski uzayında, ikisi aynı anda sıfır olmayan a ve b sabitlerinin durumlarına göre, ağırlıklı eğrilikleri sıfır olan spacelike ve timelike düzlemsel eğriler yardımıyla oluşturulan dönel yüzeyler ve regle yüzeyler çalışılmıştır.
Serbest Z_2 Z_4 Z_8-Toplamsal Kodları Sayma
Authors: ÇALIŞKAN Basri
Published: February 2020

Bu
çalışmada, Zα_2× Zβ_4× Zθ_8 uzayındaki serbest Z_2 Z_4 Z_8-toplamsal kodların tanımı yapılmış ve
bu kodların sayısı için bir formül elde edilmiştir.
e-Tümlenmiş Modüllerin Torsiyon Teorisine Göre Genelleştirilmiş bir Versiyonu
Authors: SÖZEN Esra
Published: February 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı e-tümlenmiş modüllerin
torsiyon-teorik bir genelleştirmesini elde etmektir. Bunun için öncelikle bir modülün Te -küçük alt modülleri
tanımlanarak temel özelliklerine değinildi. Ardından Te -tümlenmiş modül ve Te -oyuk modül kavramlarına
yer verilerek bunlara ilişkin temel teorik özellikler irdelendi.
Skew lamda-cyclic Codes over Y_2
Authors: DERTLİ Abdullah , Çengellenmiş Yasemin
Published: February 2020

In the
present paper, by defining two non-trivial automorphisms and Gray maps over Y_2=Z_4+uZ_4+vZ_4+uvZ_4 where  u^2=0,v^2=0,uv=vu , the algebraic structcure of the skew lamda-cyclic codes and their  Gray images over the finite ring Y_2 are determined, where  a=1+u+v+uv.
Catalan Transform of The k-Lucas Numbers
Authors: ÖZKAN Engin , TAŞTAN Merve , GÜNGÖR Olcay
Published: February 2020

Bu
çalışmada, k-Lucas
dizisinin Catalan
dönüşümünün tanımı
verildi. k-Lucas
dizisinin Catalan
dönüşümünün geren
fonksiyonu elde edildi. Ayrıca, Hankel
fonksiyonu kullanılarak oluşturulan
matrislerin determinantları hesaplandı.
Comprehensive study of blunt injury abdomen in single center
Authors: Bhandari Vinod , Bhandari Mahak
Published: February 2020

Background: Blunt injury abdomen is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in all age groups. Blunt trauma differs from penetrating trauma as different organs are characteristically injured by compression from blunt straining. Focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) and computed tomography (CT) abdomen are very beneficial to detect those patients with minimal and clinically undetectable signs of abdominal injury. Objective of the study was to evaluate the incidence of blunt injury abdomen, mode of injury, organs involved in patients.Methods: A retrospective study was done on blunt injury abdomen. 48 patients were enrolled in this study.Results: Out of 48, 35 (72.9%) male patients more commonly encountered blunt injury to the abdomen. 28 (58.3%) was the highest incidence for age group 21-40 years. The most common mode of injury was road traffic accidents 36 (75.0%). Grade III splenic injuries were encountered in majority 19 cases and 13 cases involved laceration of parenchyma >3 cm depth and 6 cases were subcapsular hematoma (>50%). Spleen was the most common injured organ accounting for 25 (52.0%) and second most common injury was Ileal perforation 6 (12.5%), liver injury 6 (12.5%) of the cases.Conclusions: Blunt injury abdomen mainly affected male and the younger population between the age group 21-40 years. The most common mode of injury is road traffic accidents. In this study the spleen was found to be the most common organ injured in blunt injury abdomen.
Evaluation of the role of cyanoacrylate glue in the management of fistula-in-ano
Authors: Koli Davinder , Kumar Pravin , Panda Viraj , Vats Manu
Published: February 2020

Background: Fistula in ano is a common problem in patients presenting to surgical OPD. Various procedures have been described for the treatment of anal fistula, including fistulectomy, fistulotomy and use of a cutting seton. Surgical treatment of anal fistula is associated with a significant risk of recurrence and faecal incontinence due to damage to anal sphincter. The introduction of cyanoacrylate glue to close fistula tracts using an occlusive material and with no risk of incontinence (as there is no sphincter damage). The study was designed to evaluate the role of cyanoacrylate glue in the management of fistula in ano.Methods: Here, 40 patients were enrolled in study as day cases. Patients were examined clinically and subjected to MRI pelvis where internal opening couldn’t be palpated on digital rectal examination (DRE). Fistula tract was mapped using fistula probe and washed with diluted hydrogen peroxide and normal saline. The excess granulation tissue at the external opening was curetted. The glue was then injected slowly into fistulous tract through 8 F infant feeding tube. Patients were further examined in the OPD until 6-months.Results: Here, 32 patients got healed after first instillation of glue with stoppage of discharge from the fistulous tract. The other 2 patients required second instillation of glue and showed no signs of discharge thereafter. While 6/40 continued to discharge even after instillation of glue.Conclusions: Cyanoacrylate glue can be offered as a sphincter sparing alternative to conventional procedure in patients with anal fistula.
A prospective study of the lumps in the right hypochondrium
Authors: Jayakar Sudhir R. , Male Prashant V. , Save Maitreyee M. , Shetty Varun S.
Published: February 2020

Background: The abdominal cavity can harbour a varied spectrum of diseases. Abdominal lumps are one of the commonest disorders in this region. The clinical presentation, diagnosis, minimal investigations and optimum treatment of the lumps in the right hypochondrium were studied in detail in present study.Methods: The prospective observational study was carried out for 24 months. 60 consecutive patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria were taken up for the study. Calculation and analysis of data was done by using MS Excel.Results: The lumps in the right hypochondrium were most common in the 31-40 years age group in the present study. Majority of the lumps were found to be intraperitoneal (65%), of which 45% were neoplastic in nature. 68.3% as compared to 31.7% of lumps had an organ of origin which was not anatomically situated in the right hypochondrium viz. from right kidney and right adrenal. Hepatic lumps were found to be the commonest (35%), of which 14.3% were malignant tumors. Gall bladder carcinoma was more common in 40-60 years with female preponderance. Only 26.7% patients presented with the complaint of lump in abdomen. The commonest complaint was pain in the abdomen followed by vomiting. In 88.3% cases surgery was undertaken for curative or palliative purposes.Conclusions: Of all the lumps in the right hypochondrium, intraperitoneal lumps were more common with abdominal pain as commonest presenting symptom. The commonest lumps were found to be hepatic lumps. Incidence of Neoplastic masses was more than infections and infestations.
F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission computed tomography in the diagnosis of pleural metastases from breast carcinoma
Authors: Saricam Murat
Published: February 2020

Background: This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission computed tomography (PET/CT) in identifying the pleural invasion of metastatic breast cancers.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to include 75 patients with untreated breast cancer who had undergone thoracoscopy to drain pleural effusions and to perform pleural biopsies. Whole group of patients were evaluated in terms of age, type of primary breast cancer, macroscopic appearance of pleura during thoracoscopy, maximum standardized FDG uptake value (SUV) reported by PET/CT scan in addition to presence of malignancy detected in pleura and/or pleural effusion.Results: All of 75 patients were female and mean age was 56.12±11.70. Metastatic disease was diagnosed in the pleura of 40 (53.3%) and in the pleural effusion of 43 (57.3%) patients. The sensitivity and specificity of PET/CT in detecting pleural metastases of breast carcinoma was calculated as 88.2% and 96.2% whereas PET/CT demonstrated sensitivity of 91.9% and specificity of 91.3% in identifying malignant pleural effusion. Cut-off values of FDG uptake were 4.25 for pleural metastases and 3.85 for malignant pleural effusions. PET/CT also indicated a false negative rate of 12.5%, a false positive rate of 16.28% and an overall accuracy rate of 85.33% in the diagnosis of pleural metastasis of breast carcinoma.Conclusions: PET/CT reporting an FDG uptake over 4 in the pleura or pleural effusion is beneficial in managing the patients with the suspicion of pleural metastases from breast cancer.
An audit of management of male urethral stricture and it’s outcome: a single centre retrospective review
Authors: Bagchi Puskal Kumar , Pratihar Sarbartha K. , T. P. Rajeev , Barua Sasanka K. , Sarma Debanga , Phukan Mandeep
Published: February 2020

Background: Anterior urethral stricture involves penile, bulbar or panurethra with varied aetiology. Direct vision internal urethrotomy (DVIU), stricture excision with primary end to end anastomosis, single stage or staged reconstruction with local flap or buccal mucosal graft (BMG) are surgical options.Methods: This single centre retrospective study was conducted from April 2017 to March 2019. Patient underwent DVIU, stricture excision with primary end to end anastomotic, staged urethroplasty, BMG urethroplasty (BMGU) dorsal inlay Asopa technique, dorsal onlay Kulkarni technique and ventral onlay technique depending on site and extent of strictures. Preoperative, intraoperative, post-operative data were reviewed.Results: Here, 51 patients underwent DVIU for single soft short segment bulbar urethral stricture with success rate 58.82%. 26 patients with post traumatic short segment bulbar urethral stricture underwent excision and primary end to end anastomosis with success rate 92.31%. Patients with long segment bulbar urethral stricture underwent either dorsal onlay (n=19) or ventral onlay (n=14) BMGU with success rate 89.47% and 85.71% respectively. Total 59 patients with long segment penile or pan urethral stricture underwent either single stage (n=27) or staged reconstruction (n=32) with success rate of 85.18% and 90.63% respectively. Patients with staged reconstruction had significantly longer hospital stay (p<0.0001) and poor quality of life due to laid opened urethra. Asopa’s dorsal inlay (n=15) and Kulkarni’s dorsal onlay (n=12) BMGU had equivalent success rate of 86.67% and 83.33% and comparable complications.Conclusions: Surgery for urethral stricture differs according to site and extent of stricture. Single stage BMG urethroplasty is preferred modality for long segment bulbar, penile and panurethral stricture.
Spectrum of primary salivary gland tumors with special emphasis on their management and outcome at a rural tertiary care centre
Authors: Samaddar Dwaipayan , Samaddar Jaya B. , Aziz Ahmad M.
Published: February 2020

Background: Salivary gland tumors (SGT) are uncommon tumors of diverse histopathology accounting for <2% of all neoplasms. Early diagnosis differentiates between benign and malignant SGT and less extensive surgical procedure can be performed. The objective is to study the spectrum of primary SGT with special emphasis on their distribution, treatment and outcome at a rural tertiary care centre.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 30 consecutive primary SGT patients attending the Departments of Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology of North Bengal Medical College and Hospital over a period of one and half years. All patients were clinically evaluated, investigated, treated accordingly and followed up during the period of study. Data was collected and compiled in Excel sheet and analysed using GraphPad Software and GraphPad QuickCalcs 2018 (San Diego, CA). A p value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: Maximum patients (83.3%) were in the age range of 31-60 years. The male to female ratio was 1:4 for benign tumours and 1:1 for malignant tumours. Malignant cases were 66.67%. Involvement of parotid gland was the commonest (43.3%) and mostly presented with swelling (73.3%). Pleomorphic salivary adenoma was the commonest benign tumor (33.3%) and mucoepidermoid carcinoma was the commonest malignant tumor (16.7%). Permanent facial palsy was observed in 2 (9.5%) and recurrence in 4 patients (19%).Conclusions: SGT are rare and present in various modes. Malignant cases were singularly more in this study.
Hyperbilirubinemia and appendicular perforation peritonitis
Authors: Gupta Rajandeep Singh , Gupta Shyam Kumar , Laharwal Asim Rafiq
Published: February 2020

Background: This study aims to assess the relationship between appendiceal perforation peritonitis and serum bilirubin levels, as has been reported previously in the literature.Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted at tertiary care hospital of India, namely Government Medical College-Srinagar, Maulana Azad Medical College-Delhi and Government Medical College-Jammu over a period of five years (January 2014 to December 2018). Authors collected and analysed the data of 306 patients, who had reported to the surgery emergency of the afore mentioned hospitals with complaints of acute abdominal pain and were later confirmed and managed as appendiceal perforation peritonitis (localized or generalized). Also, liver function tests of these 306 patients had been sent at the time of admission.Results: Authors had 202 males and 104 females with an average age of 35 years in this study group. Hyperbilirubinemia was noted in 226 patients, with an average serum bilirubin level 1.8 mg/dl. In patients having total leucocyte counts higher than 11000 cells/cumm, the average serum bilirubin level was 2 mg/dl.Conclusions: It may be safely concluded that a pre-operative evaluation of serum bilirubin levels may help us in better diagnosing appendiceal perforation when used in conjunction with other routine and advanced diagnostic modalities.
Umbolith with umbilical abscess and omphalitis: a rare case
Authors: Pawde Sanujit Apurva , Chougale Abhay D. , Kulkarni Rajendra M. , Kadiyal Abhinandan M. , Gowtham Thakut , Kulkarni Sharang Santoshrao
Published: February 2020

Umbolith is a relatively rare entity under normal circumstances, especially in the urban scenario. Usually seen in obese individuals with a deep and retracted umbilicus due to constant accumulation of sebum/keratin leading to stone formation. It’s usually covert until complicated by secondary infection (abscess) or ulceration. Sinus was laid open and healthy granulation was seen within 1st week. Pus culture sensitivity suggestive of heavy staph growth and antibiotics were given accordingly. Appendicitis was treated conservatively.
A rare case report of oesophagocoloplasty with distal colo-jejunal anastomosis in the management of post corrosive strictures of the oesophagus
Authors: M. Kamat Manmohan , Shetye Shravani M. , Singh Neeraj Pratap , Nattey Kartik , Barman Seema
Published: February 2020

Ingestion of corrosive substances and chronic sequelae associated with it is the major public health problem in the developing countries. The most severe forms of injury can lead to mortality; however, the major concern with this type of injury in life-long morbidity. Colonic conduit for bypassing diseased oesophagus with distal anastomosis with stomach is well documented and practiced procedure. Authors have encountered a case of 21-year-old lady with corrosive injuries to oesophagus and stomach, later developed non dilatable oesophageal stricture with completely cicatrised and adherent stomach. Due to unavailability of stomach, authors have used colon as a conduit and colo-jejunal anastomosis bypassing the oesophagus, stomach and duodenum. Colo-jejunal anastomosis for chronic corrosive oesophageal stricture is not commonly practiced procedure which makes this case a rare one.
Gastric volvulus or just a large stomach? a case report with literature review of gastric volvulus and gastrointestinal pathology in acromegaly
Authors: Mui Jasmine J. , Sarkar Amit , Magdy Mark
Published: February 2020

Gastric volvulus is a surgical emergency that requires prompt recognition and management. The acromegalic patient has a number of pathophysiological factors that predispose to gastric volvulus and slow gastrointestinal (GI) transit. Authors aimed to present a case of hiatus hernia and gastric volvulus in a patient with acromegaly and review the current literature on GI anomalies in this population. A 70-year-old female presented to our institute with epigastric pain and coffee-ground vomiting on the background of acromegaly secondary to pituitary adenoma (resected in 1997). She was found to have a gastric volvulus and hiatus hernia which was repaired laparoscopically. She was discharged home but re-presented six days later with abdominal distension and vomiting. Computed tomography (CT) scan of abdomen showed recurrent gastric volvulus with involvement of the transverse colon. She underwent a laparotomy but no evidence of gastric or colonic volvulus was seen intra-operatively. The CT findings were attributed to a large stomach and coiled redundant transverse colon which could be misinterpreted as volvulus on imaging. Gastroparesis and slow bowel transit were the likely aetiology of this second presentation. This is consistent with literature reporting slow bowel transit and dolichocolon in acromegalic patients. Gastric volvulus is a rare finding associated with acromegaly. Structural anomalies in the anatomy of the acromegalic patient can make CT diagnosis challenging. This case demonstrates the need for caution when interpreting imaging in this cohort, as well as the need for further research on GI pathology associated with acromegaly.
Retrospective analysis of paediatric tracheostomy in Indian tertiary care centre
Authors: Patni Digant , Munjal Vishal R.
Published: February 2020

Background: Tracheostomy is frequently performed surgical procedure. The present study was carried out to assess data on various indications, surgical issues if any, complications and outcomes of paediatric tracheostomy.

Methods: This study is a retrospective analysis of 32 paediatric patients between 1 to 12 years of age, who underwent tracheostomy at SAIMS, Indore between June 2015 to June 2019. Data was analysed in terms of patient age, sex, emergency or planned procedure, any surgical challenge, complications and post-operative follow up.  

Results: Majority of patients were of prolonged intubation due to respiratory and laryngotracheobronchitis (15.6%) each, neuromuscular disease (15.6%), seizure disorder (9.4%), metabolic disease (9.4%) and neurological infection (6.3%). Obstructive causes included head injury (9.4%), sub-glottic stenosis (6.3%), malignancy (6.3%) and craniofacial anomaly (3.1%). Common complication encountered were partial blockage of tube, peri-stomal granulation and accidental decannulation. There was no tracheostomy related mortality in this study. Out of 32 patients, 16 were successfully decannulated, 6 were lost to follow up, 6 could not be decannulated and 4 expired due to worsening of primary disease.

Conclusions: There is a changing trend in indications of tracheostomy and overall complications have reduced due to trained team and better care facility.
Comparative study on the effect of various anterior nasal packing on ear compliance and ear canal volume
Authors: Pandit Jayeeta , Kumar Vignesh , Nath Amlanjyoti , Bhattacharjee Abhinandan
Published: February 2020

Background: Anterior nasal packing (ANP) is a commonly used procedure by otorhinolaryngologist for the control of post-operative bleeding post septoplasty and nasal surgery. However there remains an ambiguity regarding the effect of various nasal packings on the Eustachian tube dysfunctions. The present study intends to compare and evaluate the effects of ribbon gauge nasal packing (RNP), merocel nasal packing (MNP) and merocel with airway packing (MAP) on the eustachian dysfunction such as changes in the compliance and ear canal volume.

Methods: Ninety patients were selected for the study, and randomly divided into 3 groups of 30 patients each where the patients were treated with RNP, MNP and MAP. The pack was kept insitu for 48 hrs and the compliance and ear canal volume was measured at before pack is applied (pre pack), with ANP insitu at 48 hrs (with pack), and after removal of the nasal pack at 5th day (post pack).  

Results: The percentage of patients with abnormal compliance level as well as ear canal volume was found to be the highest among the patients in RNP group followed by patients from the MNP group. The least number of patients with abnormal compliance and ear canal volume was observed among the patients in the MAP groups.

Conclusions: MAPs are better than ribbon gauge and MNPs in terms of maintaining the compliance level and ear canal volume.

 
Floating elbows in adults: epidemiology, clinical presentation, management and prognosis: Brazzaville Teaching Hospital experience
Authors: Marius Monka , Olivier Ohoya Etsaka Terence , Didace Massamba Miabaou , Albert Ngatse Oko , Armand Moyikoua
Published: February 2020

Background: The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiological, clinical presentation, management and prognosis of classic floating elbows at the Brazzaville University hospital.     

Methods: This is retrospective descriptive study conducted in the Trauma-Orthopedics Department at Brazzaville University Hospital between January 2013 and December 2018. Four patients meeting the inclusion criteria underwent surgery. Open fractures were classified according to the classification of Gustilo and Anderson. Anatomical evaluation was based on the quality of fracture reduction and bone healing. The functional results were assessed according to the Mayo Clinic score.

Results: The functional results were assessed according to the Mayo Clinic score of the 4 patients in our study, there were 3 men and 1 woman. The average age was 31 (28 and 34). They were all victims of traffic accidents. Three floating elbows were closed and one open at the humeral level with paralysis of the radial nerve. The closed fractures were treated by screwed plates and the open fracture by external fixator. Bone healing was achieved in 3 patients and we observed 1 case of aseptic nonunion of the radius. According to the Mayo Clinic score, 2 patients had a very good functional result, 1 patient an average result and 1 patient a poor result.    

Conclusions: Classic floating elbows are rare and their prognosis remains unpredictable, especially when they involve musculo-cutaneous or neurovascular damages. Their treatment must be surgical in the adult to avoid a prolonged immobilization which may lead to stiffness of the elbow. A multidisciplinary approach should then be taken into consideration. 
Assessment of the complications after percutaneous fixation with cannulated cancecellous screws among the cases of tibial plateau fractures in a tertiary healthcare institute: a cross sectional study
Authors: Bagul Joti P. , Dole Pankaj P.
Published: February 2020

Background: Fractures in the tibial plateau were first defined as car bumper fractures. Tibial plateau fractures are a diverse group of fractures that reflect a wide range of intensity, ranging from simple accidents to intricate fracture trends that test even the most qualified surgeons. The present study was conducted to study the result of minimally invasive technique for tibial plateau fractures by percutaneous fixation with cannulated cancellous screws and to study complications associated with it in a tertiary care center.

Methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted among 13 patients with tibial plateau fractures during January 2016 to December 2016 admitted under department of orthopedics in a tertiary healthcare institute in northern Maharashtra. The criteria for selection of a case were a fracture of tibial plateau (Shatzker’s type I to type IV) with displacement or depression more than 8mm.

Results: One patient (7%) had compartment syndrome at the time of presentation. No patient in our series had early postoperative complication. One patient developed knee joint pain 16 months after operation due to early osteo-artgritic changes.

Conclusions: There was no early complication related to surgery like superficial or deep infection, damage to neurovascular structures, etc. Ten patients (76%) achieved full range of knee motion within 3 months after operation. All the fractures were united within 14 weeks duration.
A prospective study of the bacteriological profile and risk factors of infection after internal fixation of close fractures of long bones
Authors: Borgohain Munin , Bora Debasish , Rajan Aswin Deepak
Published: February 2020

Background: Infection in implant related procedures is dreaded due to difficulty in getting rid of it. Disappointment to patients and surgeons, drainage of health care and patients’ resources is significant. Causes and risk factors are many related to host, environment and procedure. The bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity have been changing trend with emerging resistance to many drugs.

Methods: A prospective observational study of 941 patients with operative fixation of long bone closed fractures. The details of the procedure, host characteristics were noted. Followed up in ward post operatively and after discharge to identify the cases of surgical site infection. Once identified they were evaluated with X-rays and lab parameters. Wound swabs or pus samples taken to find out the organisms and cultured to find the sensitivity.

Results: 116 patients (86 males and 30 females) developed SSI (incidence 12.42%). Plate fixation (18.20% infection rate), operative time >1 and half hours (15.73% rate), fracture femur (16.66% rate), ORIF (14.38% rate), age >60 yrs were some of the risk factors. Co-morbidities like anaemia, diabetes, liver disease, lung disease, immunosuppressive drugs, hypertension, smoking, alcoholics had significant association with SSI. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism. Gram positive showed highest sensitivity to linezolid, vancomycin and tetracycline. Gram negative showed highest sensitivity to colistin and tigecycline.

Conclusions: Infection rate should be less than 1% and hence risk factors encompassing preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative period are to be controlled. Probably the first study from north east india showing the burden of orthopaedic SSI.
Joint preservation surgery: a priority to be thought of in selective hip osteoarthritis
Authors: Narayanan Subramaian Kanthalu , Sellappan Rajesh
Published: February 2020

Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is one of the causes of hip arthritis. If FAI diagnosed earlier and treated properly, arthritis of hip and eventual total hip replacement (THR) can be potentially avoided. We report 48 yr male who presented with left hip severe pain, limp, restricted movements and unable do daily day activities. He is diagnosed to have pincer type of lesion in the acetabular rim and we did arthroscopic excision of the protruding fragment. The patient now has a pain free joint and able to squat and sit cross leg. His pre-operative oxford hip score was 30 which improved to 54. 
A comparative study of fractional carbon dioxide laser, narrowband ultraviolet B and topical tacrolimus 0.1% ointment versus narrowband ultraviolet B, topical tacrolimus 0.1% ointment in stable vitiligo
Authors: Putta Anusha , Javed Mohammed Waseem
Published: February 2020

Background: Vitiligo, an acquired pigmentary disorder of skin and mucous membrane characterized by well circumscribed depigmented macules that occur secondary to selective destruction of melanocytes. Fractional CO2 laser system is a recent advancement in the treatment of vitiligo which works on the concept of fractional photo-thermolysis, in which microscopic treatment zones are created which help in increasing the penetration of topically applied agent which indirectly improves drug efficacy.

Methods: A comparative study was conducted on 40 patients of stable vitiligo attending OPD, Dept of DVL with fractional CO2 laser, narrowband ultraviolet B (NBUVB) and topical tacrolimus 0.1% vs NBUVB, topical tacrolimus 0.1% for a duration of 4 months and patients were followed up for 12 weeks post treatment.

Results: Patients on Fractional CO2 laser in combination with NBUVB and topical tacrolimus 0.1% ointment showed >50% improvement compared with other group, with duration for initiation of pigmentation being comparatively less.

Conclusions: The treatment protocol with CO2 laser in combination with topical tacrolimus 0.1% cream and NBUVB for stable vitiligo was more effective than NBUVB and topical tacrolimus 0.1% alone and this study demonstrates that adding fractional CO2 laser improves repigmentation rate of vitiliginous lesions.
Dermaroller in dermatology and cosmetology
Authors: Mohan Shobhit , Mohan Lalit , Sangal Renu , Singh Neelu
Published: February 2020

Dermaroller is a novel therapeutic modality in dermatology. Through physical trauma from needle penetration, dermaroller induces a wound healing cascade with mild temporary damage to the epidermis. This allows for the enhancement in the absorption of topical therapies across the thick stratum corneum. Dermaroller has become increasingly utilized over the last several years as it is a relatively simple procedure that is cost effective, well tolerated and offers cosmetic and therapeutic benefits. The ability to treat localized areas of disease made it popular in acne scars, alopecia, striae, melasma, actinic keratoses. The procedure has few adverse sequelae compared to other therapies, is highly effective and a viable resurfacing option for color of skin.
Elección de gobernadores regionales y descentralización territorial en Chile
Authors: Castillo Vigouroux Eduardo Guillermo
Published: February 2020

La modificación de la Constitución chilena, que establece la elección de los gobernadores regionales, por sufragio popular y directo, no implica per se la alteración de la posición de los gobiernos regionales en la estructura de la administración del Estado. A diferencia de lo sostenido en la doctrina administrativa, en este artículo se llega a caracterizarlos como servicios públicos territorialmente desconcentrados. Se concluye que el ejercicio efectivo de la potestad reglamentaria y el proceso de transferencia de competencias desde el nivel central al regional transformarán a los gobiernos regionales en organismos descentralizados administrativamente que no dependerán jerárquicamente del presidente de la República.
Trece años de vigencia de la Ley 964 de 2005: análisis de sus efectos en el mercado de valores y puntos para tener en cuenta para futuras modificaciones
Authors: Corredor Higuera Jorge Armando
Published: February 2020

Este artículo está encaminado a realizar un análisis de los efectos de la Ley 964 de 2005 desde su promulgación y determinar si dicha ley ha respondido a las dinámicas del mercado de valores en los últimos trece años, en especial, en lo concerniente a las crisis del mercado y a los sistemas de integración regional. Así, se analizarán los antecedentes de la Ley, los puntos cruciales de esta, para finalizar estableciendo cuáles son los retos del regulador y supervisor frente a las nuevas realidades del mercado de valores. La metodología de investigación de este trabajo consistió en el análisis de fuentes bibliográficas e información pública. Es de tipo descriptivo y de enfoque cualitativo, pues tiene el propósito de explicar las características del tema tratado con fundamento en el análisis de las fuentes de información.
Las políticas rurales y su incidencia en la formación de conflictos territoriales
Authors: Huertas Díaz Omar , López Gómez Daniela
Published: February 2020

El problema territorial de Colombia posee diversas aristas y diferentes actores. En algunos casos, el conflicto armado ha sido determinante y ha vulnerado el derecho territorial de las personas. Sin embargo, el presente artículo tiene como objetivo mostrar que hay otro tipo de conflictos generados por choques entre políticas rurales, por errores institucionales de las entidades correspondientes y por negligencia. Este tipo de conflictos se caracteriza por la demora en su solución y por la incapacidad de las instituciones de resolver estas controversias. En el presente artículo se muestran tres tipos de conflictos, dos entre vecinos, ocasionados por la respuesta equivocada de las entidades competentes y uno relacionado con los intereses de las grandes empresas frente a la política de restitución de tierras. Para llevar a cabo este análisis, se recurrió a revisión de sentencias, demandas y tutelas, fallos de la Corte, reportes de prensa y entrevistas con líderes comunales.
“Turn back the course of a river / the course of life / that is my mission.” On the poems by Wincenty Różański
Authors: Nalepa Marek
Published: February 2020

The article is an attempt at discussing the most important features of Wincenty Różański’s poetry written in the final years of his creative period. This poetry is strongly subjective, manifesting the poet’s Catholicism, and entrusting himself to the Blessed Virgin Mary, but it also tackled the subject of everyday life, routine behaviors and activities. In addition, the poet’s poems are characteristic in terms of their dialogical and stylistic relations compared to other cultural contexts, especially in the case of Grzegorz Ratajczyk’s paintings, as well as the prose and poems by Edward Stachura.
After Bereza. Polish literature towards the Confinement Centre in Bereza Kartuska. 1939–2018
Authors: Morawiec Arkadiusz
Published: February 2020

The article concerns the inclusion in the broadly understood Polish literature of the theme and motif of the Confinement Centre in Bereza Kartuska (1934–1939). I discussed in it the formation of the image of the concentration camp since it ceased its operation (in 1939), mainly defined by ideology and politics, including the politics of memory. I particularly focussed on works of literature regarding the Confinement Centre created after the Centre ceased its operations. Those include both recollections, mainly by communists (e.g. by Michał Mirski and Jan Wójcik), and works of fiction, including the short story Jestem by Leon Pasternak, the play Bereziacy by Karol Obidniak and Roman Sykała, and novels: Wzbierająca fala by Czesław K. Domagała, Król by Szczepan Twardoch, and Szakale by Robert Żółtek.
Discourse of heresy in Polish post-WWII literature Herling’s and Herbert’s heretics
Authors: Grigorova Margreta
Published: February 2020

The present text explores the theme of heresies and their persecution in the works of a group of writers, survivors of World War II and of the two dictatorships of the century – Gustaw Herling-Grudziński, Zbigniew Herbert, Czesław Miłosz, Andrzej Szczypiorski, Jerzy Andrzejewski. An artistic-documentary reconstruction of medieval processes and executions of heretics, as well as striving for protection and rehabilitation are observed in a series of their works. Deep allusions to the dictatorships of the 20th century are made. Particular attention is being paid to Herbert’s essays, connected with heresies and to a heretic image of Christ in the short story Drugie przyjście by Herling-Grudzinski.
Enhancement of heat exchangers with metal foams
Authors: Ozturk Mete , Dogan Bahadır
Published: February 2020

Removal of the heat is becoming a vital issue for safer operations of todayâ€™s technological equipment. The necessity of heat exchangers is underlined at this stage for the sake of the emerging technologies, which are producing more heat than before by the increment of the higher energy demand during their operations. Several methods have been suggested to improve the efficiency of the heat exchangers in last decades by the researchers including the extension of the heat transfer surface by the larger surface areas surrounding the channels. In addition to this fundamental approach (extension of the surface area), alternate methods have been released too including the implementation of metal foams to the heat exchangers as for the extension of the surface.

Keywords: Heat exchangers, surface extension, metal foams.
La imagen de la mujer en el mundo burgués latinoamericano: una lectura de Blanca Sol de Mercedes Cabello de Carbonera
Authors: Monroy Leonardo
Published: February 2020

Este artículo interpreta la imagen de la mujer en la mentalidad burguesa, basado en la lectura de Blanca Sol, una novela de la escritora peruana Mercedes Cabello de Carbonera. Este análisis está dividido en tres partes: en primer lugar, hay una comprensión de la forma como la narradora (un alter ego de la autora) observa la sociedad burguesa y las implicaciones del ascenso social y la igualdad. En una segunda parte, este artículo interpreta los acercamientos de Blanca Sol a los múltiples vicios de este nuevo estilo de vida burgués -como la hipocresía, la abyección y el deseo de dinero- y las implicaciones en el devenir de la mujer. Por último, se desarrolla un análisis sobre la forma como Cabello de Carbonera asume la secularización en Blanca Sol, una de las más importantes características de la sociedad moderna apalancada por la burguesía.
Transgender/transvestitism/cross-dressing in Polish cinema
Authors: Lewicki Arkadiusz
Published: February 2020

The first Polish film taking up the problem of cross-dressing was a comedy from 1934, titled Is Lucyna a Girl? Czy Lucyna to dziewczyna? by Juliusz Gardan. In the history of Polish cinema there were a few more films about transgender/transvestism. The paper describes these films and indicates what type of socio-moral influence changes the way of showing this type of characters and themes.
THE CHARACTERISTIC OF PATIENTS WITH FEMORAL FRACTURE IN DEPARTMENT OF ORTHOPAEDIC AND TRAUMATOLOGY RSUD DR. SOETOMO SURABAYA 2013 – 2016
Authors: Noorisa Riswanda , Apriliwati Dwi , Aziz Abdul , Bayusentono Sulis
Published: February 2020

Fracture is a neuromuscular damage due to tissue trauma or discontinue of bones. Fractures of the lower limbs due to accidents have the highest prevalence among other fractures in Indonesia. The aim of this study is to determine the characteristic of patients with femoral fracture in Department of Orthopedic RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya.This research is retrospective observational. We analyzed medical records of all stay in patient in Department of Traumatic and Orthopedic RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya during 1 January 2013 – 31 December 2016.  Of the 972 enumerated, 112 subjects with femoral fracture were analyzed for study. The observed variable of patients’ profile include: sex, age, cause of fracture, type of wound, location of fracture, place of accident, time of accident.Our observational study during three years has concluded several findings as following. The most common cases of fracture is occurred at the age 15 – 24 with 40 cases (36%). Most of the cases is dominated by male gender (72%). Traffic accident (92%) is the major cause of fracture, which mostly occurred on the street (92%) at 06:01 A.M. until 12:00 A.M (28%). Closed wound (71%) is commonly found in femoral fracture. The most common type of femoral fracture has a closed wound (71%) and located in column of femur (46%). The most common cases of femoral fracture are occurred on male at the productive age due to traffic accident injury.
CYTOTOXIC EFFECT OF FREEZE DRIED BOVINE CARTILAGE POWDER AND PLATELET RICH PLASMA (PRP) TO MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL (MSCs)
Authors: Utomo Dwikora Novembri , Yusbida Anthoni
Published: February 2020

Cartilage repair is a challenging clinical problem because the damage is an irreversible condition. Many studies had been performed using several kinds of natural or synthetic scaffold. Attempts to repair articular cartilage using scaffold usually found many problems, lacks the physical structure and mechanical properties necessary to ensure long-term efficacy to cartilage defect. Furthermore, scaffold frequently cause toxicity to the host. Therefore, this study was performed in vitro to test the toxicity effect of scaffold freeze dried bovine cartilage powder and platelets Rich Plasma (PRP). This research was conducted using pure experimental research design in 4 groups of animal stem cells which being added with scaffold freeze dried bovine cartilage scaffold provided with platelet rich plasma. This study using posttest only control group design. The result being processed with MTT assay and spectrophotometer for counting the viable stem cells. There was no significant difference in the amount of macrophage between control and the freeze dried bovine cartilage scaffold provided with PRP (p=0,128). With this result in the number of macrophages between the control with freeze dried bovine cartilage scaffold provided PRP, it can be concluded that these biomaterials have biocompatibility.
Crystal Period Vectors under External Stress in Statistical Physics
Authors: Liu Gang
Published: February 2020

In crystal periodic structure prediction, a basic and general equation is needed to determine their period vectors (cell edge vectors), especially under arbitrary external stress. It was derived in Newtonian dynamics years ago, which can be combined with quantum physics by further modeling. Here a new and concise approach based on the principles of statistical physics was employed to derive it into a new form, then applicable to both classical physics and quantum physics by its own. The new form also turned out to be the specific explicit equilibrium condition and the equation of state for crystals under external stress and temperature. This work was also compared with the elasticity theory.
Customer Loyalty Improves the Effectiveness of Recommender Systems Based on Complex Network
Authors: Bai Yun , Jia Suling , Wang Shuangzhe , Tan Binkai
Published: February 2020

A good recommender system can infer customers’ preferences based on their historical purchase records, and recommend products that the customers may be interested in, saving them a lot of time and energy. For enterprises, it is difficult to recommend accurately to each customer, and the bad recommendation may be counterproductive. Customer loyalty is an indicator that measures the preference relationship between customers and products in the field of marketing. A hypothesis is proposed in this study: if companies can divide customers into different groups based on customer loyalty, the recommendation effect on certain groups is better than that on overall customers. In this study, customer loyalty is measured by four features of the RFML model. All customers are viewed as points on a four-dimensional space, which are clustered by the k-means model. Two recommendation algorithms based on complex networks are tested: recommendation algorithm based on bipartite graph and PersonalRank (BGPR), and recommendation algorithm based on a single vertex set network and DeepWalk (SVDW). The experimental results show that customer loyalty has improved the effectiveness of the two algorithms over 14%, and the recommendation effect is the best on customer groups with a loyalty level of 4 (the highest level is 5). The recommendation algorithms with customer loyalty are better than using them alone.
Estratégias de manejo do pastejo para capim-xaraés (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés)
Authors: Araújo S.A.C. , Dos Santos C.C.R. , Alves D.O. , Braz T.G.S. , Barroso A.L. , Dobbss L.B.
Published: February 2020

Objetivou-se com este estudo, avaliar os efeitos de duas estratégias de pastejo intermitente, com 24 dias fixos de descanso e com 95% de interceptação luminosa em capim-xaraés. Para a avaliação das características produtivas, estruturais e bromatológicas foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com medidas repetidas no tempo, com quatro ciclos de pastejo e duas estratégias de pastejo. Para o consumo dos animais foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado em arranjo fatorial 2 x 3, sendo duas estratégias de pastejo e três dias de ocupação, e para a taxa de lotação utilizou-se o arranjo 2 x 4 (duas estratégias e quatro ciclos de pastejo). Não houve efeito para as variáveis: disponibilidade, estrutura e composição bromatológica da forragem, com exceção para interceptação luminosa e proteína bruta, onde o tratamento com IL obteve maior valor de interceptação luminosa (2,73% superior que o DF) e menor teor de PB (1,08% inferior ao tratamento DF). Para o consumo de matéria seca houve efeito (P