bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Toxic effects of mercuric chloride on DNA damage, hematological parameters and histopathological changes in common (carp Cyprinuscarpio)
Authors: Alrudainy Abdulmotalib J.
Published: May 2021

The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of mercuric chloride (HgCl2) at different levels of biological organization in common carp Cyprinuscarpio following exposure for 30 days to a range of environmentally levels of mercuric chloride (0.01 and 0.02 mg L-1) and recovery for 3 weeks. Prior to evaluation of genetic damage (determined in erythrocytes using comet assay), enzymatic activity (ALT and AST), hematological parameters and histopathological examination of gill.The maximum tolerated concentration also determined which was found to be 1.63 µg l-1 above which complete mortality over the exposure period was observed. The results indicated that there was a strong induction for DNA damage at high level of Hg. Hematological indices indicated significantly (P≤0.05) increased in Hb, RBCs and Hct value in Hg treatment groups compared to control group after 15 and 30 days exposure. Histopathological examination showed distinct abnormalities in secondary lamellae of gill including epithelial lifting, fusion of the secondary lamellae and necrosis. The present findings suggest that exposure to a low concentration (0.01mg L1) of inorganic mercury can cause significant changes in DNA, hematological parameters and also could cause histopathological changes. Therefore, estimation of these indices could provide a useful indicator for monitoring water bodies pollution.
Serological diagnosis of persistent infection with Anaplasma marginale bacteria in cattle
Authors: Al-gharban Hasanain AJ.
Published: May 2021

Bovine anaplasmosis is one of the tick-borne diseases caused by Anaplasma marginale bacteria which can cause high economic losses to livestock. Cattle that recovered from acute infection become carriers without clinical signs related to the disease and these bacteria can persist for lifetime in the blood. The present study was conducted to detect antibodies of persistently infected cattle with A. marginale in Wasit province/ Iraq. A total of 100 blood samples were collected randomly from cattle over one year old. Blood smears were prepared, stained with Giemsa,s stain and subjected to microscopic examination for detection of Anaplasma marginale bacteria within an infected RBCs, while serum samples were tested by a competitive enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay test (cELISA) for detection of antibodies in persistently infected cases . Mythic 18 Vet system was used as blood analysis for blood parameters measurement. Results of blood smear examination revealed 13 acute cases, while ELISA detected 35% of carriers. Whereas, the hematological parameters showed that the acutely infected cattle had the macrocytic hypochromic anemia, the persistently infected cattle displaed the microcytic hypochromic and the normocytic hypochromic anemia. Results of blood analysis revealed a significant difference (P˂0.05) in hematological parameters of acute and chronic cases. It has been concluded that cELISA is a reliable screening test for detection of antibodies specific to Anaplasma marginale bacteria.
Prevalence of Giardia lamblia in Asymptomatic Patients by Direct Examination and ELISA Methods
Authors: AL-Khayat Fadia Abd Al-Muhsin
Published: May 2021

Stool samples from 182 asymptomatic patients were collected from two hospitals in Baghdad (Al-Yarmok and Central Child) during the period from the beginning of March to the end of June/2014 and subjected to microscopic and ELISA diagnostic techniques for Giardia lamblia detection; the sensitivity and specificity for ELISA were calculated. Cysts of G. lamblia were observed in 37 and 49 stool samples of asymptomatic patients from a total 182 examined samples with prevalence recorded 20.32, 26.92% by direct examination and ELISA respectively. Of 145 samples showed negative result in microscope examination, 12 samples were positive in ELISA, sensitivity and specificity of ELISA were 75.51 and 100%. Higher prevalence rates were observed in asymptomatic children aged 2-8 years old 27.84% (22+ve/79) in contrast with 26.21% prevalence rate in asymptomatic adults aged 21-57 years old (27+ve /103). According to gender, males showed higher prevalence 28.94% (33+ve/114) while females showed lower prevalence rate 23.52% (16+ve/68). No differences in the level of infection in both age and gender were recorded. Conclusion: The superior sensitivity of the rapid enzyme assay in detecting asymptomatic cases of giardiasis when a single stool specimen is analyzed, the availability of an immunodiagnostic assay which can detect small amounts of antigens in the feces which have a potential tools to improve the diagnosis.
Isolation and Identification of Cryptococcus neoformans from Human Skin Lesions and Application of Animal Experiment (in vivo)
Authors: A. Mahmood F.
Published: May 2021

The study aimed at determining the percentage of Cryptococcus neoformance isolated from skin lesions in human in order to find the effect of heat killed cryptococcal antigen on infection with this fungus in mice and efficiency of chitosan in protecting the mice against the infection with the fungus Cryptococcus neoformance. In order to achieve the first aim, 100 cutaneous samples were collected from variable skin regions in humans suffering from cutaneous lesions from both sexes and with variable ages. The samples were collected from Abu-Ghraib Hospital,Al-Yarmook Teaching hospital and Al-karama Hospital during a period from December 2012 untill March 2013. The results showed that 3 (3%) isolates out of 100 skin samples were the fungus C.neoformans. The fungal isolates were from patients with average age 1-25 years they did not have any systemic clinical signs. Also the results showed that the ratio of fungal isolates from females was higher than those isolated from males. In order to achieve the second aim ,Sixty white mice from both sexes and with average age 8-10 weeks were divided randomly into 4 groups equally and treated as follows 1st group was immunized with 0.2 ml of heat killed C.neoformans antigens (HKCAgs) in a dose of (1X107) fungal cells,subcutanously at two doses with  two weeks interval. The 2nd group was immunized similar to 1st group and at the same time fed diet supplemented with 1g\kg diet of chitosan for 8 weeks. While the 3rd group served as control positive group, 4th group served as control negative group.Cell mediated and antibody mediated immune responses were determined at day 27-30 post-immunization. Immunized animals fed diet supplemented with chitosan showed higher values of delayed type hypersensitivity reaction and Abs titer compared with those values of immunized animals only.
Study of histopathological changes in brian of mice infected with Toxoplasma gondii isolated from domestic rabbit
Authors: AL-Mahdawi Raghad Ibraheam Khalil
Published: May 2021

The study was designed to determine the infection rate of Toxoplasma gondii in the rabbits and histopathological changes of infected internal organs in mice. A total of 60 blood samples were collected from clinically healthy rabbits from different region of Baghdad city for the serological detection of T. gondii infection. Biological assay in mice was performed by intraperitoneal inoculation of 0.1 ml digested organs suspension, (lungs, heart, liver, spleen, kidney, muscles, and brain) during the period from October 2013 until July 2014. The results revealed histopathological changes in bioassay mice infected by T. gondii isolated from domestic rabbit, no histopathological changes in the brain of animals of first group1 (control group), but in the group 2 (killed at day 15) the main pathological changes were perivascular perineuronal edema with presence of some degenerated neurons characterized  by shrunken dark blue stained (basophilic) cell bodies. In the animals of the group 2 (killed at day 21) the main brain histopathological changes were Sever congestion of meningeal blood vessels with infiltration of inflammatory cells and focal aggregation of microglial cells with diffuse obvious focal gliosis, whereas, in the same group animals that killed at day 28 the main brain histopathological changes were focal encephalomalacia and edema between molecular and granular layer.
In vitro antiviral potential of Ocimum basilicum and Olea europaea leaves extract against Newcastle Disease Virus of poultry
Authors: Al-Amri1 Sarah A. H.
Published: May 2021

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of using alcoholic Ocimum basilicum and Olea europaea leaves extract, to study the antiviral activity against the Newcastle disease virus of poultry chicken embryo fibroblast monolayer culture. The extract was also decided for the chicken fibroblast culture and the concentrations (500, 250, 125, 100 and 50 µg /ml) of an alcoholic extract of Ocimum basilicum and Olea europaea leaves in maintenance media appeared to be nontoxic. Where the cytopathic effects of the Newcastle disease virus on chicken embryo fibroblast monolayer culture are well established so these concentrations were used to detect the antiviral activity of Ocimum basilicum and Olea europaea in addition to in vitro, pre and post -inoculative treatment of fibroblast cells with plant extracts to get an idea of viral reduction titer in cell tissue culture. Absence of cytopathic effects in monolayer cell culture and virus titer reduction were used as an indicative of antiviral activity of extract of Ocimum basilicum and Olea europaea leaves. In vitro, pre and post -inoculative treatment of fibroblast cells with plant extracts showed that leaves of Ocimum basilicum, and Olea europaea had antiviral activities of Newcastle disease virus at 500 and 250 µg/ml. In conclusion the viral reduction titer was found range between 10-6 to 10-1 with 500 µg /ml of Olea europaea and Ocimum basilicum extract as compared to 10-7 with virus control.
تأثيـــــــر مستخلصات عشبتــــــــي الشيــــح Artemisia herba alba والقريــص Urtica dioica في مستوى التبوغ لطفيلي Eimeria tenella في المختبر
Authors: محمد صالح دنيا عبد الملك
Published: May 2021

هدفت هذه الدراسـة إلى معرفة تأثيـر مستخلصات عشبتي الشيح (Artemisia herba alba) والقريص ((Urtica dioica على نسبة تبوغ طفيلي ال Eimeria tenella في المختبر فقد انخفضت نسبة التبويغ لأكياس بيض الطفيلي في المجاميع المعاملة بالمستخلصات الكحولية والمائية لعشبة الشيح بالتراكيز %0.1 و%0.5 و %1لتبلغ %60 و65 % و%68  و%64  و 70% و75 % على التوالي، كذلك أثرت المستخلصات الكحولية والمائية لعشبة القريص في خفض نسبة التبوغ لتصل الى  %62و %64 و  %70و%68  و %72 و%75  على التوالي مقارنة مع مجموعة السيطرة والتي بلغت %90 بعد مرور96 ساعة.
التأثير الفيزيائي الحياتي للأشعة الكهرومغناطيسية في بعض معاملات الدم لإناث الفئران البيض
Authors: عمر قصي خطاب
Published: May 2021

يهدف البحث إلى إيجاد التأثير الفيزيائي الحياتي للأشعة الكهرومغناطيسية على بعض معاملات الدم  مثل حجم الكريات المرصوصة والتعداد الكلي والتفريقي لخلايا الدم البيض وعلاقتها بتغير كثافة القدرة بوحدات مايكروواط/سم2. حيث استُعمل أربع مجاميع من إناث الفئران البيض (5/ مجموعة). المجموعة الأولى عدت مجموعة  السيطرة، المجموعة الثانية عرضت لـ 100مايكروواط /سم2، المجموعة الثالثة عرضت لـ 150 مايكروواط /سم2، أما المجموعة الرابعة فقد عرضت لـ 200 مايكروواط/سم2، إن المجاميع عرضت للتردد 5 GHz لمدة 6 ساعات يومياً لمدة 45 يوما متتالية. أظهرت النتائج  حصول انخفاض معنوي (P˂0.05) في حجم الكريات المرصوصة فيما حصلت زيادة معنوية في العدد الكلي لخلايا الدم البيض اما قياسات العد التفريقي فشهدت زيادة  معنوية (P˂0.05) في عدد الخلايا اللمفاوية وانخفاض في عدد الخلايا العدلة وأحادية النواة في حين أظهرت النتائج حصول انخفاض معنوي في النسبة المئوية للخلايا عدد الجرعة 100 مايكروواط /سم2، مع حصول زيادة معنوية في عدد الجرعة 150 و200 مايكروواط/سم2.
Isolation and Identification of Wild Isolate of Newcastle Disease Virus from Broiler Farm in Diyala Province: Virological and Histopathological Study
Authors: Al-Azawy Amer Khazaal , Sadun Al-Ajeeli Karim , Ismail Alaa
Published: May 2021

A broiler poultry farm of six weeks old, vaccinated with LaSota Newcastle disease virus vaccine. The flock was infected with a virulent Newcastle disease virus with mortality rate up to 90%. Newcastle disease virus was isolated from infected birds in embryonated chicken eggs and identified by haemagglutination inhibition test using hyperimmune serum prepared against LaSota viral vaccine. Median Death Time, Intracerebral Pathogenicity Index and Intravenous Pathogenicity Index proved that the virus was a virulent viscerotropic isolate. In experimental infection, broilers were vaccinated twice with LaSota strain, the level of anti-Newcastle disease virus IgG was checked by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test pre and post vaccination and the birds were challenged with the same isolated virulent isolate at 35 days old, the virus was inoculated by oral and nostril routs. The challenge virus produced the same sever clinical signs and the mortality rate reached up to 70%. Tissue samples were collected from intestine, kidneys, lung, trachea, spleen, liver, and the brain of the experimentally infected broilers, they showed sever pathological changes. It seems that vaccination with commercial available vaccine could not produce enough protection against virulent circulating Newcastle disease virus strains, accordingly preparation of viral vaccine from local virulent isolate is recommended after attenuation or inactivation.
Role of Alpha Lipoic Acid in Oxidant /Antioxidant Status and Gene Expression of Glutathione Reductase in Hydrogen Peroxide Exposed Rats: (Part -2)
Authors: Al-Okialy Baraa Najim , Saleh Alwan Mohammad
Published: May 2021

This study was designated to evaluate the protective role of alpha lipoic acid against oxidative stress resulted by hydrogen peroxide on some oxidants/ antioxidants  parameters and gene expression of glutathione peroxidase in  adult Wistar rats. Forty  adult male rats were randomly divided into four equal groups (10 rats /group) and were handled daily as follows for  56 days : Control group were intubated distal water and received ordinary tap water ; group T1 were intubated  60mg/kg B.W of alpha lipoic acid and received ordinary tap water ; group T2 were received  hydrogen peroxide in tap water at concentration of 0.5% , while group T3  were intubated  60mg/kg B.W of alpha lipoic acid and received ordinary tap water containing 0.5% hydrogen peroxide. Fasting blood samples were collected at 0, 28 and 56 days of experimental periods for measurement of serum peroxynitrite and malondialdehyde concentrations, as well catalase activity. Furthermore, gene expression of glutathione reductase in liver was investigated. Administration of 0.5% hydrogen peroxide in drinking water (group T2) manifested a significant elevation in serum peroxynitrite and malondialdehyde with significant decrease in catalase and Glutathione, concentrations. Also, a significant decrease in gene expression of glutathione reductase was observed as compared to other treated groups. Nevertheless, rats in group T3 shows a significantly improvement in oxidant /antioxidant status with increase in folds changes of gene expression of glutathione reductase as compared to control and T2. In conclusion, supplementation of alpha lipoic acid to rats significantly reduced oxidative stress –induced by hydrogen peroxide and caused improvement of gene expression of glutathione reductase in liver via its antioxidant properties.
58 Histomorphological Study of Epididymis, ductus deferens and phallus in Adult Male Guinea Fowl (Numida meleagris)
Authors: Mirhish Shakir M. , M. Mirhish Shakir
Published: May 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the anatomical, histological characteristic features of epididymis, ductus deferens and phallus of male guinea fowl (Numidia meleagris ). Fifteen healthy male guinea fowl aged between 18-24 months, weighing 1280 - 1405 gram were used in current study which brought from local market in Baghdad governorate. The epididymis of guinea fowl consisted from rete testis, efferent ductless, connecting duct and epididymal duct. The study revealed that the mean diameter of epididymal ducts was 285.17± 2.43µm lined with pseudostratified columnar epithelium. The epididymal duct continuous with ductus deferens which become wider caudally towards the cloaca, the length of right and left ductus deferens were 9.16±1.20 cm and 9.80±1.24cm respectively. The copulatory organ (phallus) of guinea fowl was not well developed and non-intermittent type consist from right and left lateral lymphoid bodies with median eminences, the transverse width 5.01±0.24mm, the cranio-caudal width 3.51±0.07mm and dorso- ventral width 4.32±0.25mm. The lining epithelium of coprodeum was pseudo stratified columnar epithelium. This study concluded that the epididymis of male guinea fowl located on dorsomedial surface of the testes and without definite parts as in domestic animals, the ductus deferens of guinea fowl was tortuous, the phallus of guinea fowl is non - intermittent type.
Histopathological changes of chronic cestodes infection in local domesticated ducks (Anas platyrhynchas) in Baghdad city.
Authors: Al-Rubaie Haider Mohammed Ali , Thabit  Salih Al-Zubaidi Mohammed , Sadiq Nasir
Published: May 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the histopathological changes of cestodes chronic intestinal infections in ten local domesticated ducks (Anas platyrhynchas) during the period 1/9/2016- 1/10/2017 in Baghdad city. Results showed severe destruction in the intestinal mucosa ,sloughing and desquamation of the epithelia and severe destruction with distortion or complete loss of the intestinal villi, complete loss of the mucosal and submucosa layers with destruction of intestinal glands and there is a severe infiltration of inflammatory cells mainly mononuclear cells in the lamina propria, and a focal necrosis in the intestinal mucosa.The submucosa showed an infiltration of macrophages and few lymphocytes, severe necrosis , calcification in some mucosal glands or with a cystic dilation with cellular debris in their lumen surrounded by inflammatory cells infiltration mainly mononuclear and plasma cells.The conclusion of the present study was that the cestodes chronic infection cause severe inflammatory response mainly lymphocytes and monocytes in mucosa and sub mucosa and destruction of some intestinal glands of the intestine.
Applying of B-mode ultrasound for determining pregnancy by means of measurement of Placentomes Diameter and Fetal Bi-parietal diameter in dairy cows
Authors: Rasheed Yaseen Mahmood
Published: May 2021

The objective of the current study was to estimate whether fetal age could be accurately estimated using trans-rectal and trans-abdominal ultrasonographic measurements for placentomes diameter and Bi-parietal diameter. This experiment was carried out in the College of Veterinary Medicine in Diyala University. Twelve Multiparous cows (4-7 years old) were inseminated artificially and Serial transrectal and trans-abdominal ultrasonic examinations were done during the 7 – 13 week and during 10 -26th week of gestation, respectively. Using 5-7.5 MHz linear array transducer and also 3.5-5MHz convex transducer. Possible discrimination of placentomes and Bi-parietal diameter for the first time at the fifth and ninth week of gestation, respectively. The mean values for placentomes diameter were 7.5mm and 69 mm during 7 and 26 weeks of pregnancy, respectively, as well the placentome increased in diameter an average of 3.0028 mm per week. Besides that, the mean Bi-parietal diameter was 17.5mm and 33mm during 9 and 13 week of pregnancy, respectively. The Bi-parietal diameter was increased linearly an average of 3.620 mm per week. The obtained results revealed that using Trans-rectal ultrasonic during 3rd month of gestation to observed pregnancy and fetal organs as well as fetal viability with fast and easy during mid-gestation onward High correlations were found between different studied parameters and gestational age with high significant for both which were (R=0.97**; P<0.01) and(R=0.95**; P<0.01) for placentomes diameter and Bi-parietal diameter respectively. In conclusion, the trans-abdominal ultrasonography it reliable technique for determining pregnancy and the best window for fetal viability during third month of gestation until term and a strong positive with a high significant correlation of coefficient between gestational periods and placentomes diameter, fetal bi-pareital diameter in cows and relatively the highest correlation was also evident in placenttomes diameter, moreover, this study prove that widely restricted factors of ultrasound are that its efficient, is always depending on skill of the operator
Effectiveness of Behavioral Intervention among Congenital Heart Defect Children
Authors: Jobson Mridula C
Published: May 2021

Development in medical intervention has significantly decreased the mortality rates for children with complex congenital heart disease (CHD) but among these survivors with complex heart disease there occurs a unique pattern of neuro-developmental and neuropsychology impairment characterized social interaction impairment, impulsive Behavior, and impaired executive functions. Presence of behavioral problem is found significantly high in pediatric population with chronic illness than children with absence of chronic illness. The sample of 200 children with congenital heart defect was selected between age 4-8 years using multistage stratified sampling. The childhood psychopathology measurement schedule (CPMS) by Dr. Savitha Malhotra was used for assessing Behavioral problems present in children with CHD. “Pre- Post experimental design was used to investigate the study and the results were statistically analyzed using paired T test. The result revealed that the effectiveness of intervention program to retrain Behavior showed high significance. With increased survival rates, the aim of the intervention and research based on clinical practices gets a shift from short term medical assessment to long term assessment and intervention of morbidity
A Traumatic Event
Authors: Molla Vicenta Giménez , Martín Amaia Alejos
Published: May 2021

The article describes a work of Bioenergetic Analysis performed in the business sector. The therapists provided group therapy in a company context in a situation of serious grief (an employee had been killed in an occupational accident while several of his colleagues were present). Good results were achieved. Initially, the client requested individual psychological therapy for the thirty colleagues of the deceased man. This request was redefined to cover two approaches: immediate individual therapy (for those employees most affected) and group therapy. This paper describes the group therapy performed in the company environment. The paper also discusses some of the techniques used; the theoretical basis (Lowen’s Bioenergetic Analysis); incorporation of neurological advances on trauma (Porges’ Polyvagal Theory), trauma treatment (Berceli, Levine, Ogden, Rothschild and Van der Kolk); and the concepts that might be most helpful for anyone replicating this work in similar contexts.
Symphonie VII
Authors: Widor Charles-Marie
Published: May 2021

Charles-Marie Widor continued to develop the genre of the organ symphony in his second set of four works, published as Symphonies pour orgue, opus 42 (1878–87). The introduction to this edition of Widor's Symphonie VII includes a list of the sources, a statement of editorial policies, and information about Widor's registrations. Symphonie VII in A Minor, in six movements, advances a new, more complex musical language for the organ, one that demands much from both listener and performer. Also included in this edition are six appendices containing selected principal variants, with the original versions of the fourth and fifth movements.
ZULKIFLY HUKUM ACARA TATA USAHA NEGARA
Authors: ZULKIFLY
Published: May 2021

“Dalam hal ini perlu dibedakan dengan tegas antaradua jenis kelompok keputusan, yaitu keputusan-keputusan yang berkaitan dengan tahap persiapan penyelenggaraan PILKADA, dan di lain pihak keputusan-keputusan yang berisi mengenai hasil pemilihan umum
THE LINK OF CONTENT VALIDITY AND FINAL EXAMINATION ON SECONDARY STUDENTS LEVEL IN INDONESIA
Authors: Fernando Lucas
Published: May 2021

The substance genuineness is one of kinds of legitimacy that researches rightness of substance. Content legitimacy is regularly coordinated by subject specialists who judge how much a test evaluates fitting substance. Three sorts of support which is colossal in instructing and learning measure, to be unequivocal substance legitimacy, face realness, and manufacture validness. From the three sorts of validness, content legitimacy has the tremendous parts in deciphering the test as the device of examination, with the target that the educator can quantify understudies' capacity viably. Content legitimacy is manage the substance of test thing that endeavored is reflected of the informative game plan or not, content genuineness requires te assessment of each test thing for its significance to the ordinary structure. While Final Examination is one of tests guided in school and given to the understudies for passing appraisal to next level. Assessments anticipate a focal part in the illuminating design, examination is a test to quantify the information on an individual or understudy. Tests are additionally made as an assessment gadget to check how much information and limits obtained.
Differential expression of PR/SET domain 5 in cancers of the breast.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: May 2021

Breast cancer affects women at relatively high frequency (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the systems level genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer. We report here significant differential expression of the gene encoding PR/SET domain 5, PRDM5, when comparing primary tumors of the breast to the tissue of origin, the normal breast. PRDM5 mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the breast as compared to normal breast tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of PRDM5 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with recurrence-free survival in patients with basal subtype and luminal A subtype cancer, but in a contrary manner, demonstrating a complex relationship between primary tumor expression of a differentially expressed gene and patient survival outcomes influenced by molecular subtype. PRDM5 may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of cancers of the female breast.
Efectos de algunas señales visuales y olfativas sobre el consumo de cigarrillo y el ansia por fumar
Authors: A Alvaro Clavijo , Ávila Diego , Barbosa Karen Viviana Henao , Suárez Laura , Urbano Mejia Cristian Yesid , Molano-Gallardo Juan Pablo , Villalba Julián Zanguña , Castro Pablo Andrés Ledesma
Published: May 2021

Las Señales Inductoras para el Consumo (SIC) son uno de los factores que inciden en que los fumadores sientan ganas de fumar y fumen. Las SIC pueden influir diferencialmente según el tipo de fumador, los fumadores dependientes (FD) pueden no verse influidos por las señales ambientales, mientras que los fumadores no dependientes (FND) sí. Se realizaron dos experimentospara evaluar los efectos de las SIC sobre la conducta de fumar y el ansia. El experimento 1 evaluó el efecto de varias SIC visuales sobre el ansia, y este mostró que algunas imágenes produjeron significativamente más ansia que otras. El experimento 2 evaluó el efecto del tipo de SIC (olfativa, visuales y ausencia de SIC) y del tipo de fumador sobre la conducta de fumar y el ansia, y los resultados mostraron diferencias significativas en la conducta de fumar entre FD y FND. Además, los resultados mostraron un efecto significativo de interacción entre el tipo de SIC y el tipo de fumador en el ansia: los FND reportaron mayor ansia ante SIC visuales que ante la SIC olfativa, mientras que los FD no mostraron diferencias.
Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccine BNT162b2 at age 12-15 years with one dose
Authors: Miron Oren , Wilf-Miron Rachel , Davidovitch Nadav
Published: May 2021

The clinical trial of BNT162b2 at age 12-15 years reported 100% effectiveness in preventing COVID-19 after 7 days from dose-2, which is administrated at day 21. We reanalyzed the data and found 100% effectiveness also after 14-20 days from dose-1 administration. This could relate to studies showing increased dose-1 effectiveness at younger ages. Our findings support the possibility of vaccinating younger ages with the United Kingdom regimen, which delays dose-2 to day 84 to allow more dose-1 vaccinations.
Differential expression of endothelin receptor type B in cancers of the breast.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: May 2021

Breast cancer affects women at relatively high frequency (1). We mined published microarray datasets (2, 3) to determine in an unbiased fashion and at the systems level genes most differentially expressed in the primary tumors of patients with breast cancer. We report here significant differential expression of the gene encoding endothelin receptor type B, EDNRB, when comparing primary tumors of the breast to the tissue of origin, the normal breast. EDNRB was also differentially expressed in the tumor cells of patients with triple negative breast cancer. EDNRB mRNA was present at significantly lower quantities in tumors of the breast as compared to normal breast tissue. Analysis of human survival data revealed that expression of EDNRB in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with overall survival in patients with luminal A subtype cancer, demonstrating a relationship between primary tumor expression of a differentially expressed gene and patient survival outcomes influenced by molecular subtype. EDNRB may be of relevance to initiation, maintenance or progression of cancers of the female breast.
PERISTILAHAN, PENGERTIAN, RUANG LINGKUP DAN HUBUNGAN HAN-HTN
Authors: Nurpaidah
Published: May 2021

Hukum Administrasi Negara merupakan Mata Kuliah yang memiliki Istilah Yang beragam, sehingga Berbicara mengenai Hukum Administrasi Negara Adalah berbicara tentang sekumpulan aturan yang dimana aturan ini akan dijalankan sesuai dengan porsinya masing-masing. Selain dari itu Hukum Administrasi Negara ini memliki pengertian dan istilah yang berbeda-beda biasanya dikemukakan oleh beberapa Ahli.
Cognitive and psychosocial effects of an acute sun salutation intervention among adults with stress
Authors: Phansikar Madhura , Mullen Sean Patrick
Published: May 2021

Evidence suggests that yoga can improve executive functioning (EF) and psychological well-being, but there is no evidence whether flow-based, moderate-intensity forms of yoga can deliver similar benefits. The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to test the aforementioned effects of engaging in a 30-minute, video-guided sun salutation exercise (n = 25), relative to aerobic exercise (n = 22) and attentional control (n = 24). Low-active participants (Mage = 27.84; 87.3% female) completed psychosocial assessments and tasks assessing EF, before and after the session. Results showed a significant group difference for state anxiety (p = .01, ηp² = .13) and stress (p < .05, ηp² = .09), in favor of the yoga group. No significant between-groups differences in EF were observed. Results suggest that video-guided, flow-based forms of yoga can induce immediate improvements in well-being, yet extended involvement may be required to realize performance improvements in memory and processing speed.
Post-Pandemic Fertility: Lessons from the Great Recession
Authors: Seltzer Nathan
Published: May 2021

In “Beyond the Great Recession: Labor Market Polarization and Ongoing Fertility Decline in the United States,” I investigated the economic reasons for why fertility rates in the United States continued to decrease after the Great Recession. The findings of this research might be informative of how the COVID-19 induced recession that began in March 2020 might influence fertility rates in the U.S. and perhaps other high-income countries. The scenarios presented here are based on (a) different forecasts of the pace and character of economic recovery, and (b) potential government interventions that are put into place to stabilize the economy.
Micro-credit for the Small Enterprises Development: A Case of Kaski District, Nepal
Authors: Ranabhat Deepesh , Dhungana Bharat Ram
Published: May 2021

The aim of this paper is to examine the impact of micro-credit on the small or micro-enterprises development with reference to Kaski district of Nepal. The descriptive and analytical research design is used and the research is based on the primary sources of data collected through structured questionnaires. During the study, the researchers selected 170 respondents, who were involved in the micro-credit programme in the last five or more years in the microfinance institutions, using the purposive sampling technique. The study finds that the majority of the clients are involved in agriculture and livestock and the rest are involved in the micro-business and enterprises related to service industry (such as tailoring, beauty parlor, hotel or restaurant), trade or business and small-scale manufacturing sectors. Micro-credit has a positive correlation with initial investment, revenue generation, employment generation, expansion of business and profit generation. The study also finds that micro-credit has encouraged clients to engage in the micro-business and enterprise development activities. The study recommends that it is necessary to adopt an effective utilization policy of micro-credit that may benefit both microfinance institutions for its sustainability and clients for their living standard improvement.
Ricardo Palma: Arte y estilo narrativo al reescribir sus relatos breves
Authors: Huárag Álvarez Eduardo
Published: May 2021

En este ensayo sustentaremos el porqué de la vigencia de las Tradiciones peruanas de Ricardo Palma. Advertimos la importancia de crear un formato que inserte un parrafillo histórico, como un modo de establecer una recreación que se base en hechos efectivamente acontecidos. Por otro lado, ahondamos en el cuidadoso trabajo de reescritura que hace el narrador a partir de los relatos de los cronistas. A través del análisis de tres tradiciones hacemos la comparación de las crónicas con los relatos de Palma para destacar su creatividad al recrear los hechos, animar posibles diálogos y el manejo de la intensidad narrativa para que no decaiga el interés por la lectura.
Clemente Palma en el afecto y la malquerencia de José de la Riva Agüero y Osma
Authors: Adriazola Silva Juan Carlos
Published: May 2021

Muchos son los personajes entorno a Ricardo Palma que están estrechamente ligados a su existencia, los cuales continuarán relacionándose entre sí inclusive luego de la muerte del tradicionista acaecido en 1919. En esta oportunidad, nos avocaremos específicamente a dos de ellos: a su hijo mayor, el literato y periodista Clemente Palma; y a su leal y devoto admirador el gran polígrafo peruano don José de la Riva-Agüero y Osma. El primero fue miembro de la generación Modernista y el segundo, parte de la generación del Novecientos o Arielista. Esta comunicación pretende develar los pormenores de esa relación y cuán duradera fue en el tiempo.
VINCULANDO LA COMUNIDAD AL CONOCIMIENTO DE LA MANGOSTA HERPESTES AUROPUNCTATUS HODGSON, 1836 (HERPESTIDAE: MAMMALIA) COMO ESPECIE EXÓTICA INVASORA EN EL CENTRO DE CUBA
Authors: Armiñana-García Rafael , Olivera-Bacallao Damaris , Fimia-Duarte Rigoberto , García-Ruiz Ricardo , Alarcón-Elbal Pedro María , González-Insua Raúl , Aldaz-Cárdenas Jaime Wilfrido , Farrés-Zequeira Lidia Yamilé , Iannacone Jose
Published: May 2021

En la Investigación se propone mediante entrevistas, talleres participativos, charlas y encuentros socioculturales, vincular a los habitantes del poblado de “Viana” enclavado en el municipio de Cifuentes en la provincia de Villa Clara, Cuba, al conocimiento de las Especies Exóticas Invasoras (EEI) y sus efectos indeseables a los ecosistemas vulnerables cubanos y a la salud humana y en particular al conocimiento de la especie Herpestes auropunctatus Hodgson, 1836, la mangosta. Para el desarrollo eficaz de esta investigación, se emplean métodos del nivel teórico y empírico, para abordar el estudio multilateral del objeto de investigación. La investigación representa una manera novedosa de apropiarse de nuevos conocimientos sobre la especie H. auropunctatus por parte de los pobladores que habitan en dicha comunidad. En lasentrevistas realizadas, se pudo constatar que algunos habitantes poseían ciertos conocimientos sobre la mangosta, no así sobre los efectos nocivos que puede provocar este animal a los ecosistemas vulnerables cubanos y a la salud humana. El 100 % de los entrevistados coincidieron en que la principal problemática local se encuentra en la pérdida de aves de corral debido al ataque de la mangosta. Mediante estas actividades se crean espacios de intercambio y reflexión acerca de la importancia de conocer aspectos importantes de esta EEI. Esta vinculación de cooperación y sensibilización, permite un acercamiento de los pobladores con los investigadores y la retroalimentación del saber científico con el saber popular.Los talleres, charlas y encuentros socioculturales, fueron valorados de pertinentes por los diferentes evaluadores externos.
INGESTA DE DESECHO ANTRÓPICO EN OTARIA FLAVESCENS (CARNIVORA: OTARIIDAE) EN PLAYA “SAN PEDRO”, LURÍN, PERÚ
Authors: Torres-Zevallos Uriel , Ayala Félix , Guzman Rubén , García Martín , Iannacone José
Published: May 2021

Los registros que documentan la ingesta de desechos antrópicos plásticos en mamíferos marinos son casi inexistentes en el Pacífi co Oriental. En el presente trabajo se reporta la ingesta de una red plástica por parte del lobo chusco sudamericano Otaria fl avescens (Shaw, 1800) en la Playa “San Pedro”, Lurín, Lima, Perú. La necropsia del ejemplar evidenció presencia de fi lamentos de plástico (nailon) de color blanquecino (≈ 0,5 mm de diámetro) entremezclados con individuos de Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758. La documentación previa en artículos de investigación/divulgación sobre ingestión de macrodesechos antrópicos plásticos en esta especie en el Perú no ha sido reportada, asimismo en artículos de revisión internacional. Con este nuevo reporte, el 42,85% (n = 6) de las especies de otáridos alrededor del mundo han ingerido macrodesechos plásticos.
IMPACTO DE LA ACTIVIDAD MINERA DEL PROYECTO DE EXPLOTACIÓN “HUMASHA” EN EL ECOSISTEMA ALTOANDINO, PAMPA DE COSHOROCOCHA, DISTRITO DE HUAYLLAY, PASCO - PERÚ
Authors: Cabanillas-Trujillo Elizabeth Fiorella , Madrid-Ibarra Flor de María
Published: May 2021

Los ecosistemas altoandinos en el Perú constituyen el 14% de la superficie del territorio a nivel nacional y la minería, actividad extractiva de esta zona, genera impactos en sus actividades de exploración, explotación, procesamiento de minerales y procesamiento metalúrgico; considerando en ellas las etapas de construcción, operación y cierre de mina. Es prioritario, al finalizar, recuperar el área disturbada y dejarla en un estado similar al encontrado inicialmente. En la presente investigación, se planteó como objetivo general identificar los impactos de la actividad minera que generaría el Proyecto de Explotación "Humasha" en la etapa de construcción al ecosistema altoandino, Pampa de Coshorococha, Distrito de Huayllay - Pasco, para implementar un plan de manejo, con medidas de mitigación que contrarresten estos impactos. El estudio se efectuó mediante tres etapas: pre - campo, campo y gabinete; detallando que en la etapa de pre campo ya se tenían determinados los componentes mineros, en la etapa de campo, durante se hizo el reconocimiento y levantamiento de información del muestreo biológico de los taxones de: flora, fauna: ornitofauna, mastofauna y herpetofauna, determinando que la evaluación se dio en temporada seca o estiaje; y en la etapa de gabinete se procesó la data de campo, se evaluó y valoró la matriz utilizando el método de Conesa. A partir de los resultados obtenidos se menciona que, en flora, la familia asteraceae fue la que presentó mayor riqueza con 14 especies (41%); en ornitofauna, la familia furnariidae presentó mayor riqueza con tres especies (37.5%); en mastofauna, se registró siete especies, distribuidas en 2 grupos; mamíferos pequeños terrestres solo se registró una especie de la familia cricetidae, mientras que en mamíferos medianos y grandes se registraron seis especies, siendo la familia camelidae la que presentó mayor riqueza con dos especies (29%) y en herpetofauna no se registró ninguna especie, así mismo en el inventario se registraron 54 bofedales. Finalmente, en la matriz de Conesa se evaluó y valoró la etapa de construcción, se determinó que el grado de significancia que puede generar el proyecto al ecosistema altoandino es irrelevante o leve, generándose igualmente un plan de manejo y aportando medidas de mitigación.
REGISTRO DE FÓSILES DEL MUSEO DIDÁCTICO PALEONTOLÓGICO DE OCUCAJE, ICA, PERÚ
Authors: Villaseca Andrea , Champi Nelly , Pickling José
Published: May 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo es generar un registro ofi cial de las colecciones de fósiles del Museo Didáctico Paleontológico de Ocucaje. Las colecciones paleontológicas presentan un 45% de fósiles de vertebrados donde se encuentran vertebras de cetáceos, dos dientes de tiburón, parte del esqueleto de una foca, vertebras de tiburón y un cráneo de arqueoceto. El 20% está representado por invertebrados fósiles como una gran cantidad de moldes internos de veneroideos (almejas), conglomerados de Turritela woodsi Lisson, 1925, gasteropodos (Naticidae) y Mesodesmatidae (Macha). En total se han codificado y descrito 157 fósiles, no se han incluido los fragmentos que representan el 35% de la colección. La Formación Pisco ha sido considerada como “fossil lagerstäten”, por tal motivo es estrictamente necesaria la existencia de un museo de sitio el cual pueda albergar esta diversidad paleontológica y mantener una actividad curatorial constante.
Enseñando Diseño Gráfico a estudiantes de arquitectura
Authors: Gálvez Nieto Alexander
Published: May 2021

En el marco del perfi l de egresado de la Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo de la Universidad Ricardo Palma, la asignatura Diseño Gráfi co se presenta como parte de la cultura humanista y tecnológica que el estudiante recibe en su formación académica; así también como materia de integración con la arquitectura y de investigación. La aplicación de estrategias didácticas, como el aprendizaje basado en proyectos, permite generar aportes a la disciplina y sugiere aplicar de manera práctica los diferentes conocimientos adquiridos. Los proyectos realizados por los estudiantes mostraron originalidad e impacto visual positivo para contribuir a mejorar las aptitudes proyectuales de los estudiantes.
Contaminación sonora en el paradero Benavides, en la ciudad de Lima, y el impacto en poblaciones aledañas
Authors: Romero Santos Lucero , Sueldo Mesones Jaime , Bravo Zapata David , Tufiño Villena Clara
Published: May 2021

La presente investigación comprende el estudio sobre de la contaminación sonora producida en el paradero del puente de la avenida Benavides, en la ciudad de Lima, lugar donde concurren muchos de los estudiantes de la Universidad Ricardo Palma. El estudio tuvo por finalidad analizar la realidad objetiva, con ayuda de un instrumento científico como es el sonómetro. De esa manera, se efectuaron mediciones diariamente, para capturar los sonidos causados por fuentes vehiculares de transporte público y privado. Además, se detectaron los altos niveles de contaminación a los que se llega y a los que están expuestos, tanto los usuarios del transporte público como son los alumnos de la universidad Ricardo Palma, que utilizan este paradero, así como, las personas que realizan actividades económicas como son, vendedores ambulantes y trabajadores asociados a la labor de transporte y otros transeúntes. Este trabajo investigativo tuvo dos fases, primero la realización de una encuesta, donde se aplicó un instrumento a una muestra de 151 individuos entre alumnos , personal administrativo de las Facultades de Ingeniería y Arquitectura, el cual evidenció que, el 96% de los encuestados manifestó ser consciente que la contaminación sonora les causa malestar a su salud, produciendo estrés, dolores de cabeza y pérdida de audición, y en una segunda fase, se realizaron mediciones con apoyo de un sonómetro en el área de trabajo, de las mediciones observadas se infiere que todas las que corresponden a las producidas por el claxon de las unidades de transporte público superaron los 100 dB. y que el día viernes 14 de junio, se tuvo el registro más alto, 109 dB. el mismo que afectaba a 56 individuos que se encontraban en el punto de medición. En tal sentido, la realización de esta investigación se justifica porque, nos permite alertar sobre los altos niveles de contaminación sonora, a la que están expuestos todos aquellos que emplean el servicio de transporte, en el área objetivo y el impacto ambiental que se produce.
Reciclaje de residuos por demolición de edificaciones menores y desarrollo sostenible en el distrito de Jesús María
Authors: Pastor Cavero Jesús Hernán , Vargas Chang1 Esther Joni
Published: May 2021

La investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar y evaluar la aplicación del reglamento para la gestión y manejo de los Residuos de actividades de la Construcción y Demolición (RCD) referido a edificaciones menores para realizar una propuesta de acciones para el cumplimiento y de aprovechamiento de estos residuos, así como su reciclaje, en el distrito de Jesús María. La investigación es de tipo cuantitativo de diseño descriptivo correlacional. La población estuvo conformada por agentes involucrados en las diferentes etapas de una demolición de una edificación menor con una muestra de cuarenta personas: gerentes de empresas constructoras, ingenieros residentes, maestros de obra, transportistas o recicladores de RCD y funcionarios de la municipalidad de Jesús María. La técnica empleada fue la aplicación de encuestas y entrevistas. Los resultados obtenidos indican que, los generadores de residuos son importantes para el manejo de residuos por demolición de obras menores, lo que ayuda en el diseño de instrumentos de políticas públicas para el desarrollo sostenible del distrito. Asimismo, es necesario difundir el reglamento vigente, construir plantas de reciclaje de residuos obtenidos con posibilidad de ser comercializados, incentivar y/o favorecer a los agentes generadores de residuos que reciclan, capacitar a los encargados de la demolición, involucrar a las universidades en el uso de tecnología del reciclaje y fiscalización de las obras.
Sistema de realidad virtual para el tratamiento de fobias para psicólogos
Authors: Olaechea Bendezú Frank Omar , Egg Rosas Gerhard August
Published: May 2021

En el presente trabajo, se abordará la implementación de un sistema para el tratamiento de fobias por medio de realidad virtual. Esto se logrará detectando y registrando los cambios en los signos vitales del paciente expuesto a un entorno virtual que simula un ambiente que, en un contexto cotidiano, le causaría un estado insoportable, debido a la fobia padecida por dicho paciente. No obstante, el ambiente creado será seguro para el paciente, pues se podrá conmutar entre ambientes con plena seguridad. La persona no se encuentra, en ningún momento, en riesgo físico o psicológico. En algunos casos, el individuo puede interactuar con los elementos del medio sintético en el que está inmerso. La solución planteada utiliza la metodología UML – RUP, se planifica el proyecto con MS Project 2016, se programa en lenguaje java y la base de datos esta en SQL Server 2014.