bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VYTAUTO KAVOLIO POLITINĖ PSICHOLOGIJA: LIBERALIZMAS, PROTAS IR EMOCIJOS
Authors: Noreika Alvydas
Published: December 2017

This article deals with the Lithuanian-American political thinker’s Vytautas Kavolis’ approach to the interpretation of emotions in liberalism. It is stated in his texts that pure liberalism depreciates the meaning of emotions in human life. This depreciation is explained by the rationalistic nature of pure liberalism. Preferring reason, it dismisses emotions as an irrelevant factor in human motivation. The historical liberal tradition of the recognition of the important role of emotions in human life is attributed to influence of Romanticism, in which emotions take a central position. According to Kavolis, pure liberalism – today, as in the past – could only overcome its one-sidedness with the help of a Romantic worldview. It is argued that the thinker’s understanding of the role of emotions in human life has its roots in his scientific activities – studies of Freudianism and Neo-Freudianism. It is stated that on the basis of the psychoanalytic idea of unconsciousness, Kavolis contends that pure liberalism fails in dissociating itself from emotions. They still lay in its subconscious level. Pure liberalism unintentionally expresses personality in revolt against any authority. This article explains how Kavolis’ approach to the relationship of liberalism and emotions influences his whole political theory and scientific enterprise.
LIETUVOS MUZIEJŲ VALDYMAS: KELIAS ŠIUOLAIKINIO MUZIEJAUS LINK
Authors: Bortkevičiūtė Rasa
Published: December 2017

Straipsnyje analizuojamos naujojo viešojo valdymo sąsajos su šiuo­laikinio muziejų valdymo koncepcija, naujojo viešojo valdymo priemonių paplitimas Lietuvos muziejuose ir įtaką jų taikymui darantys veiksniai. Nors pasaulyje plinta šiuolaikinio muziejų valdymo teorija, kurios pagrindiniai teiginiai glaudžiai susiję su naujojo viešojo valdymo praktikomis (hierarchi­nio valdymo modelio atsisakymu, orientacija į lankytojus ir jų įtraukimu į muziejaus veiklą, tarpsektoriniu bendradarbiavimu, skaidrumo ir atskaitin­gumo siekiu), gyventojų apklausos rodo, kad Lietuvos muziejų veikla men­kai kinta, o specialistai muziejus priskiria tradicinėms institucijoms. Tyrimo metu atlikta Lietuvos muziejų veiklą reglamentuojančių teisės aktų analizė atskleidė įtvirtintus tiek tradicinio, tiek naujojo viešojo valdymo elementus. Remiantis kiekybinio tyrimo duomenimis, galima teigti, kad šiuolaikinio muziejų valdymo priemonės paplitusios tik iš dalies, o muziejų valdymas yra gana uždaras. Taikydamos naujojo viešojo valdymo priemones, šios ins­titucijos susiduria tiek su sisteminėmis, tiek su vidinėmis kliūtimis (jos na­grinėjamos kokybinio tyrimo metu) – nefunkcionaliu paskatų mechanizmu, bendros muziejų politikos trūkumu ir lemiamą reikšmę turinčiu muziejaus vadovo vaidmeniu. Įvardytų problemų sprendimas lemtų efektyvesnį naujojo viešojo valdymo priemonių taikymą Lietuvos muziejuose ir padėtų gerinti šių institucijų veiklą.
POSTKOMUNIZMO IR POSTLIBERALIZMO PARADAS: KONVERGENCIJA AR KOEGZISTENCIJA?
Authors: Šerpetis Kęstutis
Published: December 2017

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Synergistic effect of chimeric antigen receptors and cytokine-induced killer cells: An innovative combination for cancer therapy
Authors: Vu Binh Thanh , Le Dat Tan , Pham Phuc Van
Published: December 2017

In recent years, the combination of gene and immunotherapy for cancer treatment has been regarded as innovative and promising; together, both therapies can help overcome limitations associated with conventional treatments. In order to augment anti-cancer efficacy and to maintain the specificity of antibody therapy, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells, directed toward tumor-specific antigens, have emerged as a novel and promising therapeutic platform. CARs consist of a B cell receptor (BCR)-derived extracellular domain and T cell receptor (TCR)-associated signaling elements. Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells are the effector immune cells that can be activated ex vivo and possess both the anti-tumor potency of T lymphocytes and the non-major histocompatibility complex-restricted elimination of natural killer cells. With their pre-eminent ability for robust proliferation, CIK cells may overcome the main limitations of adoptive immunotherapy strategies. CIK cells have strong tumor cell killing capacity; they are effective against a wide variety of malignant tumors and have been shown to be safe in cancer patients. This review summarizes the characteristics of CARs which make them attractive for in cancer treatment strategies. In addition, the role of CIK cells and the advantages of combining CIK cells with CAR-based therapy will be discussed. Scientific evidence to support their combined therapeutic application will be highlighted, with a focus on how their innovative combination may be translated into cancer clinical trials.
A Drug Regimen for Progressive Familial Cholestasis Type 2
Authors: Malatack J Jeffrey , Doyle Daniel
Published: December 2017

Progressive familial cholestasis type 2 is caused by a genetically determined absence or reduction in the activity of the bile salt export pump (BSEP). Reduction or absence of BSEP activity causes a failure of bile salt excretion, leading to accumulation of bile salts in hepatocytes and subsequent hepatic damage. Clinically, patients are jaundiced, suffer from severe intractable pruritus, and evidence progressive liver dysfunction. A low level of serum γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, when associated with the described signs and symptoms, is often an early identifier of this condition. Treatment options to date include liver transplantation and the use of biliary diversion. We report a multidrug regimen of 4-phenylbutyrate, oxcarbazepine, and maralixibat (an experimental drug owned by Shire Pharmaceuticals, Dublin, Republic of Ireland) that completely controlled symptoms in 2 siblings with partial loss of BSEP activity.
A representação de mulheres nos espaços de poder e a standpoint theory: contribuições de uma epistemologia feminista
Authors: Santos Marina França
Published: December 2017

O presente trabalho objetiva discutir e analisar criticamente a representação de mulheres nos espaços de poder. O estudo adota como ferramenta analítica a standpoint theory, epistemologia feminista crítica às concepções tradicionais da teoria do conhecimento, e tem por marco teórico as reflexões trazidas pela teoria democrática sobre inclusão social nos espaços de poder.
Vícios intelectuais e as redes sociais: o acesso constante à informação nos torna intelectualmente viciosos?
Authors: Santos Felipe Rocha L.
Published: December 2017

Muitos chamam a era em que atualmente vivemos como a Era da Informação. Isso porque vivemos em um mundo altamente conectado onde o fluxo de informação é constante. Uma das principais fontes de informação nos dias de hoje é a Internet, seja através de pesquisas no Google, seja através do testemunho de nossos amigos ou empresas em que confiamos, através das redes sociais. Este artigo visa realizar uma análise desde um ponto de vista da epistemologia social e de uma epistemologia dos vícios para se responder uma pergunta que vem sendo feita em diversas pesquisas de psicologia experimental: O uso da Internet nos torna intelectualmente viciosos? A conclusão a que chego é a de que sim, em determinados contextos, o uso da Internet nos torna intelectualmente viciosos. Para chegar a esta conclusão, analiso um experimento realizado em uma pesquisa de psicologia experimental que afirma que a Internet nos torna intelectualmente arrogantes e uma resposta desde um ponto de vista da epistemologia que defende que este uso pode promover talvez mais virtudes. Em seguida considero a arquitetura da internet dentro de um contexto informacional específico para poder chegar à conclusão de que a internet, em determinados contextos, nos torna sim intelectualmente viciosos.
Epistemologia Coletiva: crença, justificação e conhecimento de grupo
Authors: Cichoski Luiz , Ruivo Leonardo
Published: December 2017

Neste artigo iremos sistematizar os conceitos-chave da chamada epistemologia coletiva, apontando as diferentes teorias que explicam nossa prática de atribuição de estados cognitivos (tais como crença, justificação e/ou conhecimento) a grupos. Na introdução levantaremos o problema central que motiva a área, a saber: a atribuição de estados cognitivos a grupos tem como referente o grupo enquanto grupo ou os indivíduos que o compõe? Na primeira seção apresentaremos os melhores argumentos em favor do individualismo, aqueles que defendem que as atribuições se reduzem aos indivíduos. Na segunda, terceira e quarta seções apresentaremos modelos coletivistas, que defendem uma certa autonomia do grupo frente aos indivíduos, o conjunto de membros que o compõe. Na quinta e sexta seções apresentaremos como modelos coletivistas explicam a atribuição de justificação e conhecimento a grupos. Nós concluímos notando que os ataques coletivistas ao individualismo são bastante efetivos, fazendo com que essa abordagem seja difícil de sustentar, e apontando outros elementos que são necessários para a construção de um modelo coletivista completo.
The Forgetting of the Penetrable Body: Simone de Beauvoir, Silence, Omission in Jacques Derrida
Authors: Madarasz Norman Roland
Published: December 2017

Jacques Derrida is known for his attempt at including the perspective of woman in his philosophical work. His efforts received the acclaim of women philosophers, despite the fact that his philosophy remains marked by the omission of any mention to the work of Simone de Beauvoir. The topic of this paper shall not be woman, as in Derrida’s 1972 conference Spurs, but phallogocentrism. That is, the economy, dynamic and limits of this concept as a critique of history, or rather, as the history of the lie, the term by which Derrida seems to conceive of the possibility of any (political) history whatsoever. We agree that phallogocentrism in Derrida’s hands enabled anti-philosophical forays by which to include woman as singularity in the male-dominated French philosophy of the 1970s. However, we also argue that the specter of man was maintained untouched throughout Derrida’s work, thereby suggestion that deconstruction overlooked what may very well be the primary prohibition in Western thought.
Ontologia do design de moda: Édipo e Anti-édipo, entre McQueen e Farani
Authors: Parode Fábio Pezzi , Zapata Maximiliano
Published: December 2017

Este artigo tem como propósito abrir o debate sobre uma ontologia do design de moda, traçando uma ontopolítica entre os designers Luisa Farani e Alexander McQueen. O método proposto é o especulativo e as interpretações nos levam a uma aproximação entre arte e moda na direção de um pensamento sobre Moda-Corpo, Moda-dispositivo.
Alfonso Briceño O.F.M. (1587–1668) sobre a distinção de razão
Authors: Pich Roberto Hofmeister
Published: December 2017

Neste estudo, dá-se continuidade à exposição do scotismo do mestre franciscano chileno Alfonso Briceño (1587–1668), pondo a ênfase em um de seus cinco Apêndices Metafísicos, que constam em suas Controversiae (Madri, 1639–1642). No terceiro Apêndice, após expor a relação entre “ente” e “unidade”, Briceño explicita o conceito metafísico de “distinção”, em si e nas suas diferenciações. Uma das mais importantes tipologias da “distinção” é a “distinção de razão”. Acima de tudo, Briceño esforça-se em esclarecer certos tipos de distinção de razão e distanciá-los da distinção formal, que deve ser entendida como um tipo de distinção real.
Flow Chemistry, Continuous Processing, and Continuous Manufacturing: A Pharmaceutical Perspective
Authors: May Scott A.
Published: December 2017

Flow chemistry has become a vibrant area for research over the past decade. This perspective is intended to capture insights on how these advances have and will continue to impact the development and commercialization of active pharmaceutical ingredients. A series of chemistry examples from a number of pharmaceutical companies will highlight the influence of flow chemistry on this industry.
Palanquins of the Gods
Authors: Halperin Ehud
Published: December 2017

Village deities in the West Indian Himalayas, who manifest in temples, in possessed oracles, and in moving vehicles, intervene in various aspects of the private and public lives of their devotees. As such, these devis and devtas (goddesses and gods) emerge, from both indigenous theologies and scholarly theories, as complex agents whose cognition is distributed among community members and whose agency is articulated and enacted in public rituals. After presenting the body of theory to which I have just referred, I argue in this article that the institution of the moving rath--literally a 'chariot', but in reality a palanquin carried on devotees' shoulders--is a major ritual arena where the deities are established as such complex agents. I do so by documenting in detail and analysing the ritual handling of the shared rath of the goddess Hadimba and the god Manu Rsi, two well-known village deities in the Kullu Valley (Himachal Pradesh), otherwise known as 'The Valley of Gods'.
The Concept of Biosimilars: From Characterization to Evolution—A Narrative Review
Authors: Farhat Fadi , Torres Alfredo , Park Wungki , de Lima Lopes Gilberto , Mudad Raja , Ikpeazu Chukwuemeka , Abi Aad Simon
Published: December 2017

Biologic agents are currently the fastest emerging segment of drug expenditure. Unlike chemically synthesized small-molecule drugs, biologics are more complex, medicinal products produced by a living organism. They have become part of the standard of care in the treatment of a large variety of diseases, such as growth disorders, autoimmune diseases, cancer, cardiovascular illnesses, hemophilia, and rare genetic conditions, to name a few. Biosimilars, which are copies of biologics that are highly similar, were introduced in the market with an aim to offer efficacy that is not clinically different from the originator or reference product, at lower prices. We aim to clarify the concept of biosimilar, from definitions, history, market entry, challenges faced, and future evolution. For that purpose, we performed a literature search on the sites of the medicines regulatory agencies and PubMed from 1990 to 2014 with the keywords “biosimilars,” “market,” and “regulatory.” In 2006, the first biosimilar, somatropin [rDNA origin], was marketed and led the way for biosimilar drug manufacturing. As a result, manufacturers have entered a diversified competition, facing challenges in manufacturing these complex agents, such as immunogenicity and efficiency. Biosimilars are set to evolve differently in various markets, namely the U.S., Japan, the European Union, and the “pharmerging” economies.

Implications for Practice

This article highlights the importance of biosimilars, as a cost-cutting strategy, in the delivery of state-of-the-art health care in developing countries, at a fraction of what a reference biological agent would cost.
Refugees in Conflict: Creating a Bridge Between Traditional and Conventional Health Belief Models
Authors: Ben-Arye Eran , Bonucci Massimo , Daher Michel , Kebudi Rejin , Saad Bashar , Breitkreuz Thomas , Rassouli Maryam , Rossi Elio , Gafer Nahla , Nimri Omar , Hablas Mohamed , Kienle Gunver Sophia , Samuels Noah , Silbermann Michael
Published: December 2017

The recent wave of migration from Middle Eastern countries to Europe presents significant challenges to the European health profession. These include the inevitable communication gap created by differences in health care beliefs between European oncologists, health care practitioners, and refugee patients. This article presents the conclusions of a workshop attended by a group of clinicians and researchers affiliated with the Middle East Cancer Consortium, as well as four European-based health-related organizations. Workshop participants included leading clinicians and medical educators from the field of integrative medicine and supportive cancer care from Italy, Germany, Turkey, Israel, Palestine, Iran, Lebanon, Jordan, Egypt, and Sudan. The workshop illustrated the need for creating a dialogue between European health care professionals and the refugee population in order to overcome the communication barriers to create healing process. The affinity for complementary and traditional medicine (CTM) among many refugee populations was also addressed, directing participants to the mediating role that integrative medicine serves between CTM and conventional medicine health belief models. This is especially relevant to the use of herbal medicine among oncology patients, for whom an open and nonjudgmental (yet evidence-based) dialogue is of utmost importance. The workshop concluded with a recommendation for the creation of a comprehensive health care model, to include bio-psycho-social and cultural-spiritual elements, addressing both acute and chronic medical conditions. These models need to be codesigned by European and Middle Eastern clinicians and researchers, internalizing a culturally sensitive approach and ethical commitment to the refugee population, as well as indigenous groups originating from Middle Eastern and north African countries.

Implications for Practice

European oncologists face a communication gap with refugee patients who have recently immigrated from Middle Eastern and northern African countries, with their different health belief models and affinity for traditional and herbal medicine. A culturally sensitive approach to care will foster doctor-refugee communication, through the integration of evidence-based medicine within a nonjudgmental, bio-psycho-social-cultural-spiritual agenda, addressing patients' expectation within a supportive and palliative care context. Integrative physicians, who are conventional doctors trained in traditional/complementary medicine, can mediate between conventional and traditional/herbal paradigms of care, facilitating doctor-patient communication through education and by providing clinical consultations within conventional oncology centers.
Interest on Reserves and Arbitrage in Post-Crisis Money Markets
Authors: Macchiavelli Marco , Keating Thomas
Published: December 2017

Currently, Eurodollars and fed funds markets combined trade about $220 billion in funds daily, the vast majority of which with overnight tenor. In this paper, we document several features of these wholesale unsecured dollar funding markets. Using daily confidential data on wholesale unsecured borrowing and reserve balances, we show that foreign banks, which make up most of the trading volumes in these markets, keep around 99% of each additional Eurodollar and 80% of each fed fund borrowed as reserve balances. With these risk-free trades, banks earn the spread between interest on reserves and the borrowing rate. Relative to foreign banks, large domestic institutions borrow less often, but when they do, they keep around 99% of each additional Eurodollar or fed fund raised as reserves. Small domestic banks do not display any correlation between net borrowing and their reserves accumulation. We also discuss how regulatory costs affect trading patterns and interest rate differentials in wholesale dollar funding markets.
Preventive effect of Lactobacillus mixture on inflammation and cytokines in lipopolysaccharide-induced cystitis in mice v2
Authors: Suk Yoon Hyun , Tae Kim Yong , Suk Shim Bong , Yoon Hana
Published: December 2017

This study aimed to investigate the effects of lactic acid bacterial fermentation extract (LABEF) on cystitis induced by Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the mouse bladder by pathological analyses and measurement of the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-18 (IL-18). LABEF was administered orally (5 μg/L) to mice for 10 days following which, the study group (n = 12) was injected intravesically with 5 μg/L LPS. The bladder tissue was then harvested after 24 hours and subjected to hematoxylin and eosin (H-E) staining. A semiquantative score was used to evaluate inflammation (bladder inflammation index; BII). TNF-α immunohistochemical staining and multiplex cytokine assay were also performed. TNF-α and IL-18 levels were determined. The results were compared with those of the control group (n = 12). The BII in the control and study groups was 2.7 ± 0.5 and 1.1 ± 0.7, respectively, with the control group scores significantly differing from the study group scores (p value < 0.001). TNF-α immunohistochemical staining showed similar results. The TNF-α levels determined by the multiplex cytokine assay were 2.82 ± 1.35 pg/mg and 1.55 ± 0.56 pg/mg for the control and study groups, respectively, and the difference in values between these groups was statistically significant (p value = 0.007). Thus, oral administration of LABEF appears to have a preventive effect against the inflammatory responses and TNF-α expression induced by intravesical instillation of LPS in the mouse bladder. Further studies are required to determine the clinical application of this finding.
Carne é Friboi? Análise discursiva de uma campanha publicitária no Facebook
Authors: Thurow Ane Cristina , Cazarin Ercília Ana , Schneider Jeferson Da Silva
Published: December 2017

As campanhas publicitárias movimentam saberes que são reproduzidos pelo sujeito ao utilizar a linguagem. Este sujeito, atravessado pela ideologia, indica sua posição frente ao dizer, deixando rastros das possíveis relações de forças que se estabelecem a partir da publicidade. Neste estudo, buscamos analisar discursivamente, à luz da Análise de Discurso de filiação pecheuxtiana, os efeitos de sentido produzidos a partir da imagem e de dois enunciados presentes na publicidade da empresa Friboi: “O açougue tem Friboi?” e “Então você pode confiar”. Para a análise, consideramos algumas noções primordiais para a interpretação como: discurso, sujeito, formação discursiva e condições de produção. Com este trabalho, esperamos evidenciar, por meio das condições de produção, os prováveis efeitos de sentido produzidos em diferentes formações discursivas configuradas.
Vilão ou vítima: uma análise dos enquadramentos dos países nos conflitos do Golfo Pérsico na mídia impressa brasileira
Authors: Teixeira Gisela Cardoso
Published: December 2017

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar as representações dos países envolvidos nas Guerras do Irã-Iraque e do Golfo pelos jornais brasileiros. Para isso, serão analisadas as manchetes de capa e excertos de seus respectivos textos do primeiro dia de ambos os conflitos nos impressos Folha de S.Paulo, O Globo e O Estado de S.Paulo, tendo como fundamentação alguns conceitos acerca do enquadramento, das modalidades argumentativas – principalmente em relação à questão dos pontos de vista e ao efeito do pathos na constituição das representações nas manchetes. Com disso, parte-se da hipótese da configuração da imagem de “vilão” ou “vítima” por meio dos enquadramentos midiáticos, que podem ser reconfigurados de acordo com o andamento do contexto das guerras.
Upright kneeling position during second stage of labor: a pilot study
Authors: Dabral Anjali , Pawar Pallavi , Bharti Rekha , Kumari Archana , Batra Achla , Arora Renu
Published: December 2017

Background: Women delivering in upright position have shorter labour due to efficient and stronger contractions with faster descent of foetal head. The present study aimed to find out effect of upright kneeling position in the second stage of labour on maternal and foetal outcome and assess patients’ satisfaction.Methods: The study was carried out in a tertiary care hospital of North India from October 2012 to February 2014. Low risk women admitted in early labour were divided into two groups, women delivering in kneeling position and in supine position. The outcome measures studied were, duration of second stage of labour, mode of delivery, 2nd degree perineal tears, Apgar scores at 5 minutes, NICU admission rate and patient satisfaction.Results: The mean duration of second stage of labour in kneeling group was shorter by 14.901 minutes. The rate of vaginal delivery was comparable for both primigravidas and multigravida in kneeling and supine groups, RR: 2.275, 95% CI (0.7872-6.5831) and RR: 1.633, 95% CI (0.393-6.775). Primigravidas had more 2nd degree perineal tears in kneeling group as compared to supine, RR 4.191, 95% CI (1.54 to 11.41). No difference in Apgar scores >7 at 5 minutes was observed in both groups, however, significantly lesser babies in kneeling group were admitted in NICU, RR 0.246, 95% CI (0.079 to 0.761). There was no difference on comparing satisfaction scores of primigravidas and multigravida in both supine and kneeling position.Conclusions: Kneeling position reduces the duration of second stage of labour and NICU admissions.
The smart phone study: assessing the reliability and accuracy of neonatal jaundice measurement using smart phone application
Authors: Swarna Srujana , Pasupathy Sekar , Chinnasami Balaji , D. Nirmala Manasa , Ramraj Balaji
Published: December 2017

Background: Current gold standard for bilirubin estimation in newborns is invasive while transcutaneous bilirubinometer which is a noninvasive option is costly. Smart phone applications can be used as an alternative to measure bilirubin. We did the study to evaluate “Biliscan” medical application for screening of neonatal jaundice.Methods: During the first seven days, neonates with suspected jaundice were taken blood samples for serum bilirubin. Within two hours photographs were taken using Biliscan app by placing a colour calibration card over the chest. Bilirubin estimate obtained after colour balancing, feature extraction and machine learning regression were compared with blood values.Results: There is a good correlation (0.6) between Biliscan bilirubin estimation and serum bilirubin levels (p <0.0001) in the present study on 35 neonates. Biliscan thorax values correlated better than abdomen values (0.6 versus 0.551) with serum values. Hence chest is the preferred area for Biliscan measurement. Conclusions: Biliscan app appears to be a good cheap option to screen for jaundice in newborns noninvasively.
As Gerações na EaD: Realidades que se conectam
Authors: Cofferri Fernanda Fátima , Martinez Marcia Lorena Saurin , Novello Tanise Paula
Published: December 2017

A educação a distância envolve múltiplos sujeitos, cenários e experiências através das tecnologias digitais, promovendo um processo educativo que se modifica constantemente. Assim, este artigo tem como objetivo identificar quem são os estudantes matriculados, de 2007 a 2016, na modalidade a distância em cursos de graduação e pós-graduação da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande: FURG. Para tanto, realizou-se um levantamento no sistema da Universidade para ter acessos aos dados de matrícula que permitissem realizar o mapeamento. A análise foi balizada nos estudos do processo evolutivo entre as gerações Baby Boomers, X e Y na perspectiva de Oliveira (2009). Situar temporalmente quem são esses estudantes e quais são as gerações presentes na educação a distância torna-se fundamental, para refletir e elaborar estratégias pedagógicas que atendam os anseios e as especificidades do contexto atual da educação superior pública. Da mesma forma, problematizar o tema é como uma mola propulsora para que as instituições de educação superior (re)pensem a educação a distância como uma latente possibilidade de interações e construções neste processo educativo e coletivo. Palavras-chave: Educação a Distância, Estudantes, Gerações, Tecnologias Digitais. The Generations in EaD: Connected RealitiesAbstract Distance Education involves multiple subjects, scenarios, and experiences through digital technologies, promoting an educational process that is constantly changing. Thus, this article aims to identify who the enrolled students are, from 2007 to 2016, in distance mode in undergraduate and graduate courses of Universidade Federal do Rio Grande: FURG. To do so, a data collection of student registration in the University was conducted to allow the mapping. The analysis was based on studies of the evolutionary process between the Baby Boomers, X and Y generations from Oliveira (2009) perspective. To situate temporarily who these students are and which are the generations present in distance education, becomes fundamental to reflect and elaborate pedagogical strategies that meet the wishes and specificities of the current context of public higher education. Likewise, seeing that as a problem is a driving force for higher education institutions to (re) think distance education as a latent possibility of interactions and constructions in this educational and collective process.Keywords: Distance education, Students, Generations, Technologies.
ترجمة القصة القصيرة "رجل وخمس نساء" لعبد الله ناصر الداوود بطريقة التحليل لمونا بيكر ومشكلاتها
Authors: Setyawan Cahya Edi , Taufik Ahmad , Rosalina Zakiyah
Published: December 2017

This paper aims to analyze the translation of short story "Rajulun wa Khamsu Nisâ`" written by Abdullah Naseer Ad-Dawud. This study focuses on the problem of idiomatic expressions translation. The idiom is an expression consisting of two or more words which have different meaning from its conjunctive word construction, so it must be understood in context and translated by looking at its equivalent to the target language. The purpose of this study is to know how to get the short story translation results correctly. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis method, it done by presenting the data, then analyze it systematically so it can be more easily to understood. Data analysis methods used in this research is an idiom analysis that refers to the idiom translation strategies in the “In Other word”, a book by Mona Baker. This idioms translation strategies are using similar meaning and form, using similar meaning but dissimilar form, translation by pharaphrase, and omission. The results in this research are four idiom patterns forms in the story of Rajulun wa Khamsu Nisaa, which are named as al-jumlah, al-idlafi, af'al al-muta'adi bi harf min al-jar letter, and al-wasfi arrangement pattern. In idiomatic expressions translation, researchers use idiom expression translation strategies that is using similar meaning and form, and using similar meaning but dissimilar form.
Translabial ultrasound: “three tracks” technique
Authors: В. В. Дощечкин
Published: December 2017

Introduction: there are various options for the application of an ultrasound transducer in transperineal sonography procedure (TPUS), starting from percutaneous scanning of the perineum area by sector transducers and ending with the use of transalabial (TLUS), transvaginal (TVUS) and transrectal access by the intracavitary transducers. In all these cases, it is necessary to identify the relationships of pelvic organs. The ultrasonic technique of the “three tracks” (TTT) allows real-time evaluation of the spatial ratio of the urethra, vagina and rectum, as well as adjacent subjects of the pelvis, visualizing them simultaneously in the same scanning plane.Objective: to present the “three track» technique used in the conduct of translabial ultrasonography, and to study the results of revealing the pathology in lower pelvis in comparison with routine transvaginal ultrasonography (TVUS).Participants, settings, methods: the study was conducted between January 18, 2016 and November 27, 2017 in the clinic for reproductive medicine “Remedi” (Odesa). Informed consent to the investigation was obtained from all females. 70 patients of the main group underwent translabial ultrasonography in the “three track” technique (TLUS + TTT). 71 women of comparative group underwent a routine transvaginal ultrasonography.Results and discussion: visualization of three tracks: urethra, vagina and rectum in one scan plane was achieved in 65 patients of the main group (93%). In addition, in the main group, approximately twice as often as in the comparison group, a rare pathology of the lower pelvis, such as Gartner duct cysts, the Bartolin cysts, the deep endometriosis of the rectovaginal septum and unclassified cysts of the vagina, were found. However, the insufficient number of obtained results does not allow confirming their reliability.Conclusion: the using of TTT during TLUS, extends the diagnostic opportunities of the examiner in the evaluation of the relationship of adjacent organs and tissues in the pelvic floor and lower pelvis. The method requires further research and can be used as an additional bonus to improve for accuracy and safety of diagnostic and surgical gynecological practice.There is no conflict of interest to declare.
Breast Cancer Awareness Among Zayed University Female Students
Authors: AlBlooshi Shaima K. , Al Kury Lina T. , Malindretos Pavlos
Published: December 2017

Background/Aim: Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among female population worldwide. In the United Arab Emirates, breast cancer accounts for 31-43% of all cancer types. Recently, breast cancer incidence has declined as a result of development of better diagnostic techniques. Good knowledge and awareness about early detection of signs and symptoms of the disease are the most important keys for reducing morbidity and mortality. This study aims to evaluate the level of awareness about the risk factors of breast cancer, as well as, the knowledge about screening methods among female students at Zayed University in Abu Dhabi. Method:  A random cross-sectional survey was carried to evaluate the level of awareness about breast cancer among female students at Zayed University. A total of 100 females aged 18–31 from different colleges were included in the study. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 program. Chi- square test was used together with Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate. P value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: The results show that there is a lack of knowledge and awareness about the risk factors for breast cancer. Only 12% of the participants knew that physical inactivity is a risk factor. However, 29% of the participants knew that obesity is a risk factor. Knowledge about screening methods was poor and varied according to the marital and educational status of the students. Only 17% of the total participants have done breast self-examination. Single women had less frequently performed breast self-examination compared to married women Although 40% of the participants knew about ultra sound, only 22% of the students did have the knowledge about the proper age of mammogram screening. Conclusion: The results point to the lack of awareness among female students about breast cancer, the risk factors and screening methods. Therefore, effective educational programs are required to improve the knowledge level of university students regarding breast cancer and related practices.
PRODUCTION OF HANDMADE PAPERS FROM SUGAR CANE BAGASSE AND BANANA FIBERS IN OMAN
Authors: Al-Sulaimani Khalsa , Dwivedi Priy Brat
Published: December 2017

Solid waste is one of the biggest problem of civil society. In this project, agriculture waste from bagasse and banana fibers have been used to produce handmade paper. These fibers were collected, dried under the sun and passed through water vat to remove dust.  Next, it is cooked with 10% caustic solution in pressure cooker and then blended in mixer for different timing. Diluted solution of Clorox was used for discoloration and purification of pulp.Three types of papers were made from ready pulp. First type was by made by using raw material only, second type by addition of 2% of CaCO3 and 2% of starch. And the third types by addition of 5% of both additives.  These papers were dried and then ironed for straightening.GSM, pH, Thickness, Bulk, and Moisture Content were calculated for all types of papers. It was found that papers from bagasse fibers are heavy and suitable for heavy and rough usage. While paper from banana fibers are useful for soft usage like tissues, wipes, tracing paper etc. This project is ecofriendly as it used agricultural waste and only little electricity was used.
REPRESENTASI IDEOLOGI DALAM STRUKTUR WACANA KATA HARI INI
Authors: Yaqin Zubad Nurul
Published: December 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan memerikan representasi ideologi dalam struktur wacana Kata Hari Ini (KHI). Pembahasan difokus-kan pada representasi ideologi dalam struktur mikro, struktur super, dan struktur makro. Data utama berupa praktik kebahasaan yang merepresentasikan ideologi di dalam struktur wacana KHI. Sumber data berupa transkripsi (teks) wacana KHI. Data dalam penelitian kualitatif dengan ancangan analisis wacana kritis ini dikumpulkan dengan teknik dokumentasi dan dianalisis dengan mengikuti model analisis wacana kritis perspektif van Dijk. Hasil menunjukkan bah-wa wacana KHI memiliki keunikan tersendiri terutama dalam hal strukturnya. Temuan struktur mikro: kata, kalimat, dan gaya bahasa tertentu digunakan oleh penyampai wacana untuk menyampaikan pesan-pesan ideologisnya. Temuan struktur super: wacana KHI ter-diri dari tiga bagian (awal, tengah, dan akhir). Bagian awal, dimulai dengan pernyataan-pernyataan sederhana (umumnya berupa ide-ide konseptual suatu objek). Bagian tengah, berisi klaim pembenar. Bagian akhir, berisi pernyataan-pernyataan simpulan. Setiap bagian tersebut memuat jenis-jenis dan pola-pola ideologi tertentu. Temu-an struktur makro: tema wacana KHI merepresentasikan ideologi sebagai sistem keyakinan dan sebagai sistem tindakan. Intinya, as-pek kebahasaan dan nonkebahasaan digunakan penyampai wacana sebagai strategi penyampaian pesan agar pesannya dapat diterima, dibenarkan, dipercaya, dan akhirnya diharapkan dapat mengubah sikap dan keyakinan publik.
ATSAR AL-ITTISAQ FI AL-TAMASIK AL- NASH (NAS MIN KITAB AKHBAR ABI AL-QASIM AL-ZAJAJI NAMUDZAJAN)
Authors: Al-Hassan Abdul Hakim Abd al-Khaliq
Published: December 2017

The research aims to study the effect of the elements of consistency in the text cohesion through the selected text from the" Akbar abialgasim alzagagy" book, to detect what is possible of the secrets of the artistic languor based on the linguistic objective foundations (rules, this has been through several axe. The study has two axes. The first axis is devoted to the theoretical frame work in which the researcher defined the text, coherence and consistency and it's components, The second come to apply these elements to a text was chosen from “Akbar abilgasim alzagagy” book. The study reached the following findings. The study reached several conclusions, including that because of the various means of consistency the indicative unity of the text is achieved and brought together between its many sentences and inter dependence property owned by these means. The study found that more elements of consistency limitation to text clips assignments, specially indicative assignment indicative element. The ability to high light the most indicative personalized elements are pronouns. Not only this but that the vole of the deletion on the grounds that it is most important means of consistency in the text because of the optimal investment in pronoun assignments which is used as alternative of repeating the subject special the subject of.
Avaliação comparativa entre a política nacional de resíduos sólidos e a política municipal de resíduos da cidade de Campos dos Goytacazes
Authors: Do Nascimento Leandro Laurindo Oliveira
Published: December 2017

A criação da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos – PNRS, Lei nº 12.305/2010, é um marco no estabelecimento de diretrizes de gestão dos resíduos em função da complexidade do estado brasileiro, que possui mais de 5.570 municípios, com 70 regiões metropolitanas e 76 cidades de porte médio, ou seja, com mais de 100 mil habitantes. Essa legislação visa adequar a política de recursos financeiros para implementar e viabilizar a gestão de resíduos em todo o território nacional. Pelos dados acima, o processo de gestão consorciada e integrada dos municípios é uma peça fundamental para o sucesso da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos. Essa legislação federal estabelece requisitos para que os municípios possam ter acesso aos recursos da União, ou àqueles por ela controlados, destinados a empreendimentos e serviços relacionados à limpeza urbana e ao manejo de resíduos sólidos; ou a incentivos e financiamentos de entidades federais de crédito, ou ainda fomento para tal finalidade, por exemplo, construções de aterros sanitários. O poder executivo do município de Campos dos Goytacazes sancionou, buscando iniciar as adequações à legislação federal, a Lei nº 8.232/2011, que institui a Política Municipal de Resíduos Sólidos. E, para que uma política pública possa ter sucesso, são fundamentais três pré-requisitos: legislação adequada, fundo público de recursos e corpo técnico para gestão (QUINTO JR., 2003). O objetivo deste artigo é fazer uma análise comparativa entre a política nacional publicada em 2010 e a política municipal de 2011 da cidade de Campos dos Goytacazes.
Percepção Socioambiental dos Moradores sobre a Disposição Inadequada de Resíduos da Construção Civil (RCC) de um Bairro em Expansão na cidade de Sobral/CE
Authors: Rodrigues Rennan Liberato , Feitoza Freire Pereira Ana Lúcia , Moreira Junior Francisco Amílcar
Published: December 2017

Diante do cenário de crise ambiental vivenciado pela sociedade, uma das problemáticas mais preocupantes é a questão dos resíduos sólidos e, dentre esses, os que ocupam maior volume são os provenientes da indústria da construção civil. O presente trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre a percepção socioambiental dos moradores de um bairro em processo de expansão da cidade de Sobral/CE acerca da questão de resíduos sólidos. Tal estudo foi realizado por meio da aplicação de um questionário a fim de mensurar a consciência da população quanto à problemática. Concluiu-se que o bairro e os construtores carecem de programas de educação ambiental bem como de uma fiscalização mais eficiente.
The Relation between Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Histopatological Appearance in male Wistar Rats Model
Authors: Fridayanti Febrina Sylva , Sulistyaningsih Erma , Sakinah Elly Nurus
Published: December 2017

Fractures are a serious health problem in Indonesia due to increasing prevalence. The healing process of fracture is disturbed by the oxidative stress that caused by imbalance quantity of free radical and antioxidant. An antioxidant such as polyphenol, which can be found in cocoa, is needed to suppress oxidative stress. The study aimed to investigate the effect of the ethanolic extract of cacao on fracture healing process in a rat model through MDA concentration and histopatological appearance. This study is in vivo experimental study with post-test only controlled group design. 30 male Wistar rats were randomized and divided into 5 groups. 1 group was rats without fractured. The negative control and three treatment groups were rats with fractured manually on left tibia under anesthesia and immobilized by bandage. The treatment groups treated with cocoa ethanolic extract in a dose of 125 mg/kgBW, 250 mg/kgBW, and 500 mg/kgBW orally for 21 days. The result showed that there was a significant different between the treatment groups and the negative control group on MDA concentration and histopatological appearance (p>0,05). The corelation between them were strong and had negative direction (R=-0,771). The study concluded that cocoa ethanolic extract had a positive effect to supress oxidation stress and increases the number of osteoblast on fracture healing process. Key words: cocoa ethanolic extract, polyphenol, fracture healing process, oxidative stress
Bioinformatics Approach towards Transcriptomics of Filaggrin
Authors: Anurogo Dito , Parikesit Arli Aditya
Published: December 2017

Filaggrin, or filaments which combines protein, is one of the important structural protein that works for the development, maintenance, and the formation of the skin as an intact barrier. Filaggrin breakdown products regulate the hydration of the skin; contribute to the acidic pH of the skin, which in turn is essential for the activity of various proteases in the stratum corneum desquamation and lipid synthesis. Filaggrin produced by keratinocytes granular as a major precursor called profilaggrin, encoded by the FLG gene, located in the epidermal differentiation complex on chromosome 1 (1q21 locus). The locus contains a group of genes involved in epidermal differentiation. Filaggrin deficiency has some consequences on the organization and function of epidermal with important implications such as increased risk for atopic disease or a microbial infection. FLG mutation, a gene that encodes filaggrin, has been shown to cause ichthyosis vulgaris, increasing the risk of atopic dermatitis and other atopic diseases. This research examined the FLG gene based bioinformatics approach to search for conserved region of representative mammals that encode coding (m) and non-coding (nc) RNAs. Expected mRNA expression can be used as a diagnostic and therapeutic agent against deficiencies and filaggrin mutations.Key words: filaggrin, FLG, profilaggrin, filaggrin deficiency, bioinformatics.
Antiinflamatory Activity Test N-Hexane Extract of Breadfruit Leaf (Artocarpus altilis) for Erythema on Skin White Rat (Rattus novergiccus)
Authors: Dewi Desi Suryani , Lazuardi Intan Zhofir Asyur , Purwaningsih Nurlaila Ayu
Published: December 2017

Ultraviolet radiation (UV) is part of a spectrum of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the sun. UV-C has the shortest wavelength than the wavelength of UV-A and UV-B. UV-C is able to penetrate the earth due to the reduction of ozone in the stratosphere and is capable of causing skin cancer. The initial symptoms of cancer of skin erythema. Researchers used the N-Heksane extract of leaves of breadfruit for the treatment of erythema skin white rat (Rattus novergiccus) were exposed to UV-C radiation for 168 hours. Rats were divided into two groups of control and three experimental groups. The control group was not given the therapy and were treated dexamethasone 1 mg / kg / day while the experimental group was given the extract N-Heksane leaves of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) at a dose of 50 mg / kg / day, 100 mg / kg / day and 200 mg / kg /day. The method used is pure experimental (true experimental design) in vivo by design pretest-posttest control group design. Results are extensive changes erythema and ultrastructural changes in the epidermis and dermis rats were observed microscopically before and after therapy in rats irradiated skin UV-C light.Keywords: N-Hexane Extract Leaves Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis), rat (Rattus novergiccus), UV-C radiation
Monitoring Of Side Effects Of Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs (ATD) On The Intensive Phase Treatment Of Pulmonary TB Patients In Makassar
Authors: Abbas Akhmadi
Published: December 2017

Side effects of Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs (ATD) is a problem in the treatment of TB patients. The severity of the side effects experienced by patients will have an impact on treatment compliance and loss to follow-up rate. This study aimed to obtain information about ATD side effects experienced by pulmonary TB patients during the intensive phase treatment in Makassar. This type of research was observational descriptive with the time series design. The number of samples in this study were 58 people. The results showed that the percentage of patients who experienced ATD side effects during the intensive phase of treatment is the first week of 96.6%, 91.4% the second week, third week of 86.2%, 74.1% fourth week, the fifth week 74.1% , the sixth week 81%, the seventh week of 75.9% and 67.2% eighth week. The percentage of patients based on the type of side effects experienced is 81% joint pain, nausea 79.3%, 77.6% itching, loss of appetite 75.9%, 67.2% dizziness, tingling 50%, vomiting 41.4%, 34.5% abdominal pain, visual disturbances 27.6%, headache 24.1% and 6.9% hearing loss. This study showed that patients experienced ATD side effects every week during the intensive phase treatment. More side effects experienced during the first and the second weeks and tend to decrease until the end of the intensive phase. The main type of side effects experienced by TB patients are joint pain. Health workers should always conduct routine monitoring of ATD side effects experienced by TB patients in order to improve patient treatment compliance and prevent them from loss to follow-up of treatment. Keywords: Monitoring, Side effects, ATD, TB, Intensive phase