bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Students' Higher-Order Thinking Skills In Reading Comprehension
Authors: Hamma Syah Ibi , Nappu Syamsiarna , Akib Erwin
Published: October 2023

This research aimed to find out the score of students’ higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) in Reading Comprehension and the challenges faced by the students when solving HOTS. This research used a quantitative descriptive design. The data were obtained by using tests and questionnaires. The subjects of this research were 22 students who studied in the Twelfth Grade IPA 1 in SMA Pesantren IMMIM Makassar. By definition, Higher-Order Thinking is divided into 3 Categories which were Higher-Order Thinking As Transfer (C4), Higher-Order Thinking as Critical Thinking (C5), and Higher-Order Thinking as Problem Solving (C6). The students answered the test and the questions were at the HOTS level. In challenges, this research investigated the challenges faced by the students when solving HOTS by analyzing the questionnaire. The findings of this research revealed that the score of students’ HOTS was 64,54% which was considered Good, It shows that students scored Higher-Order Thinking as Transfer (C4) was 81,8%, while Higher-Order Thinking as Critical Thinking (C5) was 54,5% and Higher-Order Thinking as Problem Solving (C6) was 9.1%, and as for the challenges faced by students when solving HOTS was 16.63% students facing difficulties in understanding the Meaning of Word (C4), 27.72% facing difficulties in Making Inferences (C5) and 28.81% students facing difficulties in Determining the Main Idea (C6) when solving HOTS Questions. It can be concluded that the student’s Higher-Order Thinking as Transfer (C4) was Excellent, Higher-Order Thinking as Critical Thinking (C5) was good and Higher-Order Thinking as Problem-Solving was Poor, and the challenges that the students faced when solving HOTS Questions were mostly determining the main idea and making inference.
Evidencias sobre los factores de riesgo del síndrome de hombro doloroso en deportistas: una revisión de alcance
Authors: Cifuentes Marín Juan Bernardo , Parra Salazar RM , Sabelle Garcés CN , Vidal Morales MJ
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: Investigar acerca de las evidencias disponibles sobre los factores de riesgo (FR) del síndrome de hombro doloroso (SHD) en deportistas.
Metodología: Se realizó una revisión de alcance, siguiendo los criterios de la declaración PRISMA. La búsqueda fue limitada en Pubmed, WOS y Scopus.
Resultados: Se incluyeron 9 estudios, dos discutieron los FR del dolor de hombro por el uso excesivo de la extremidad superior (EESS); otros dos estudios se refirieron a la posición de juego, y los otros cuatro estudios restantes no tienen FR en común. Se encontró principalmente que el desarrollo del dolor de hombro involucra múltiples factores y mecanismos; sin embargo, se pudo determinar un FR predominante, que fue el uso excesivo de la EESS.
Conclusión: Esta revisión de alcance confirmó la alta prevalencia de dolor de hombro en deportistas y los FR más frecuentes; a pesar de ello, siguen faltando estudios sobre la causalidad o medidas preventivas.
Capacidades perceptivo-motrices en niños de Preescolar y Básica Primaria
Authors: Montoya Grisales Noelva Eliana , Zapata Marín Mary Luz
Published: October 2023

Conocer el estado de las capacidades perceptivo-motrices en niños en edad escolar se hace fundamental, dado que esto permitirá realizar planeaciones acordes a las necesidades individuales y dar cuenta de un contenido de la educación física. Por ello, el principal objetivo de esta investigación fue describir el nivel de desarrollo de las capacidades perceptivo-motrices en una muestra de 97 niños de preescolar y básica primaria pertenecientes a una institución educativa rural del Municipio de Bello (Colombia), se utilizó la batería de capacidades perceptivo motrices para población escolar. Con respecto a la clasificación total de las capacidades perceptivo-motrices, se encontró un nivel de rendimiento bajo (44,3%) y se presentó una correlación muy alta y estadísticamente significativa (rs= 0,815; p=0,00) entre la edad y las capacidades, esto quiere decir que, a mayor edad, mejor es el rendimiento de las capacidades perceptivo-motrices del infante.
Protocolo del Proyecto PACOyPACA CLM
Authors: Martín-Moraleda Evelyn , Pinilla-Quintana Iván , Jiménez-Zazo Fabio , Martínez-Romero María Teresa , Dorado-Suárez Alberto , Romero-Blanco Cristina , García-Coll Virginia , Cabanillas Esther , Mota-Utanda Carmen , Gómez Nuria , Hernández-Martínez Antonio , Molina-García Javier , Crone Diane , Santos Maria Paula , Mandic Sandy , Aznar Susana
Published: October 2023

El Proyecto PACOyPACA tiene como objetivo explorar las relaciones de los desplazamientos activos al centro educativo (DACE) en distintos entornos (urbano, semi-urbano y rural) con características del entorno físico, factores psicosociales y estilos de vida (patrones de sueño, actividad física, tiempo de pantalla y aspectos nutricionales) en la población adolescente de Castilla-La Mancha en España. El Proyecto PACOyPACA es un estudio transversal. Su muestra se compone de estudiantes en 3º curso de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) (14-15 años) de las cinco provincias de Castilla-La Mancha (Toledo, Ciudad Real, Albacete, Cuenca y Guadalajara), y sus padres. Para garantizar su representatividad, se realizó un muestreo estratificado de acuerdo con el tamaño poblacional de las localidades de los centros, clasificándolos como urbanos, semi-urbanos y rurales. Se crearon cuestionarios ad hoc para ambos, adolescentes y padres/madres/tutores legales, para recoger información sobre DACE, entorno físico, factores psicosociales y estilos de vida. Estos se basan en cuestionarios previamente validados. El Proyecto PACOyPACA en Castilla-La Mancha será útil para concienciar sobre el estado de DACE actual en la adolescencia y los factores asociados a los DACE. Este conocimiento será de ayuda para el diseño y creación de estrategias de fomento de los DACE en distintos entornos de Castilla-La Mancha. Asimismo, la evidencia recogida podrá servir para desarrollar la implementación de estrategias de promoción de los desplazamientos activos en el ámbito comunitario atendiendo a la zona urbana, semi-urbana y rural de manera más eficaz.
The diagnostic yield of preoperative screening for oral cancer in dogs over 15 years, part 1: locoregional screening
Authors: Goldschmidt Stephanie , Soltero-Rivera Maria , Quiroz Adrian , Wong Kristen , Rebhun Robert , Zwingenberger Allison , Ren Yunyi , Taylor Sandra , Arzi Boaz
Published: October 2023

OBJECTIVE

Determine locoregional diagnostic yield of 4-site screening (head, neck, chest, and abdomen) to diagnose metastatic disease or clinically significant comorbid diseases in dogs with oral cancer.

ANIMALS

381 dogs with histologically confirmed oral tumors.

METHODS

Medical records from 381 dogs with histologically confirmed oral tumors that underwent preoperative screening were retrospectively reviewed.

RESULTS

Skull and neck CT scan was performed on 348 patients. Bone lysis was present in 74.4% of tumors. Oral squamous cell carcinoma, sarcomas, and T2-T3 (> 2 cm) tumors had a significantly (P < .05) increased incidence of lysis compared to odontogenic and T1 (< 2 cm) tumors, respectively. Minor incidental findings were present in 60.6% of CT scans. Major incidental findings were found in 4.6% of scans. The risk of diagnosing an incidental finding increased by 10% and 20% per year of age for minor and major findings, respectively. Lymph node metastasis was diagnosed with CT or cytology in 7.5% of cases (10.7% of nonodontogenic tumors, 0% of odontogenic tumors). Oral malignant melanoma, oral squamous cell carcinoma, and T3 tumors had the highest prevalence of metastatic disease at the time of staging. The presence of bone lysis was not associated with cervical metastasis.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Major incidental findings were rare (< 5%) but primarily included secondary extraoral tumors. Lymphatic metastasis was diagnosed in 10.7% of nonodontogenic tumors, but cytology was not performed in the majority of cases and often included only a single mandibular node. Therefore, these results likely underestimate the incidence of lymphatic metastasis. Guided lymph node sampling is highly recommended, especially for oral malignant melanoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and T2-T3 tumors.
Interaction between the Judicial Institutions (on the example of the Court of Justice of the European Union and the European Court of Human Rights)
Authors: Entin M. L. , Tsveyba N. A.
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION. The interaction of international judicial institutions in the context of cross-judicial references is one of the most important mechanisms for the development of law. The appearance of a large number of competing international judicial institutions and the rapid development of public relations have led to the formation of a stable practice of such interaction. On the European continent, cross-citation interaction can be most clearly seen in the relationship between the Court of Justice of the European Union and the European Court of Human Rights. In the context of the phenomena of cross-judicial references, the author points out their high importance for the development of the institution of protection of human rights and freedoms in Europe.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. This study uses the works of both Russian and foreign specialists in the field of European law, as well as analyses of the European Union and Council of Europe legal acts. General scientific methods of knowledge analysis, synthesis, induction and deduction were used during the study. Special legal methods formal-legal, technical-legal, the method of legal analogy, as well as the comparative legal method were also used in the work.

RESEARCH RESULTS. The analysis of the current practice of cross-citation between the two judicial bodies clearly demonstrates the high relevance of cross-citation in terms of the development and integration of the human rights law in the European region. The author concludes that cross-citation between the two courts ultimately significantly improves the level and effectiveness of the protection of fundamental human rights and freedoms in Europe, contributing to an active convergence of judicial positions and a harmonisation of approaches taken by the courts in resolving similar cases.

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. As part of the research, the author analyzes the process and mechanisms of interaction between the European Union Court of Justice and the European Court of Human Rights. Examined the case law of the two judicial bodies in order to determine the direction of their interaction. Explored the characteristic and specific features of cross-citation carried out by the EU Court of Justice and the European Court of Human Rights. Based on the results of the study, the author comes to the conclusion that cross-citation carried out by the EU Court of Justice and the ECtHR contributes to the harmonization of European norms in the field of human rights protection and preserves the unity of the European legal system.
Temporary Protection in the Law of the European Union: Trends and Prospects
Authors: Ivanov D. V. , Aliyev J. M.
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Temporary protection is a form of international protection that is designed to provide a minimum level of protection in situations involv­ing large influxes of forced migrants. The 1951 Refu­gee Convention does not contain provisions dealing with mass influx situations. Within the framework of the United Nations (hereinafter referred to as the UN) since the 80s. XX century began to pay atten­tion to situations associated with mass influx (mass influx) or mass exodus (mass exodus), in particular, the Executive Committee of the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (hereinaf­ter referred to as UNHCR) adopted a number of con­clusions regarding this issue. However, all interna­tional legal acts adopted at the universal level were of a recommendatory nature. At regional European level, Directive 2001/55/EC was adopted within the European Union (EU) on minimum standards for the provision of temporary protection in cases of mass influxes of displaced persons and on measures to maintain a balance in the efforts of Member States in relation to reception and consequences such a reception in 2001 This article makes an attempt to reveal the history of the development of temporary protection, its content and features of application in the EU. The authors also touch on the reasons for the different application of temporary protection in EU member states.  

Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the study was the following general scientific and special methods of cognition of legal phenom­ena and processes: historical and legal comparative method; method of system-structural analysis; for­mal logical method.  

Research results. As a result of the analysis, the authors found that when providing temporary pro­tection, a collective (group) approach is used to con­sider applications for asylum, rather than an indi­vidual one. This approach is intermediate and should not exclude the possibility of subsequently applying for refugee status. In addition, EU Member States at national level can extend the application of the Tem­porary Protection Directive 2001 across persons, space and time.  

Discussion and conclusion. The history of the development of temporary protection, its content and features of application in the EU are analyzed; it is justified that the decision to apply temporary protection is a politically motivated decision. It is concluded that despite the application of temporary protection in connection with events taking place in Ukraine, EU member states are still unable to agree on common measures to apply the principle of soli­darity and fair sharing of responsibility, which is en­shrined in the EU's founding instruments.
Smart Contract as a Type of Contract under Russian Law
Authors: Kirsanov A. N. , Kuzmin A. V.
Published: October 2023

Introduction. This article discusses the problem of the lack of special legislative regulation of the institution of smart contracts, which is expressed, among other things, in the absence of a definition of the concept of a smart contract and a distributed ledger of transactions (blockchain) in the law. The authors made an attempt to identify the presence of negative effects on legal relations due to the presence of a legislative gap in the regulation of this institution.

Materials and methods. As part of the research, the author uses both general and specific scientific research methods. When studying the issue of the origin of the institution of smart contracts, the authors use the historical method, and when considering the issue of the existence of a gap in the legislative regulation of the institution of smart contracts in domestic law, they use the comparative legal method of scientific knowledge.

Results of the study. The authors come to the conclusion that one of the main problems currently existing in the field of legal regulation of smart contracts is the lack of special regulation of this institution, as well as the lack of legislative recognition of the concept of a smart contract and a distributed registry of transactions. The identified problems create obstacles to the development and application of the institution of smart contracts in civil law relations.

Discussion and conclusions. The study showed that the simplest solution to eliminating the regulatory gap of the smart contract institution is to legislate the concept of a smart contract and a distributed transaction registry in the wording proposed in the draft Law on the Central Federal District, which will make the use of this institution more attractive for participants in civil legal relations and will contribute to the development the specified institute.
Implementation of Measures to Decarbonize the Indonesian Economy for Sustainable Development
Authors: Bataeva B. S.
Published: October 2023

Introduction. Interest in the countries of Southeast Asia has increased many times in recent years due to sanctions. A number of experts expressed concern that the ESG agenda in Russia would become less relevant, and sustainable development practices would be less in demand. However, these fears were not confirmed, since the green agenda is at a high level in Asian countries. It is important for Russian business to understand the processes taking place in the countries of this region. Indonesia was chosen as the object of study as the largest economy and the largest emitter of greenhouse gases in the region. The country has adopted the goal of achieving carbon neutrality by 2060. Indonesia is decarbonizing due to the negative effects of global warming on the climate and nature of this state, as well as due to pressure from the international community.

Materials and methods. The paper analyzes statistical information, assessments of scientific groups and organizations, reports of ministries. Methods of analysis and synthesis, generalization and comparison, induction, etc. were used.

Results. As a result of the analysis, it was revealed that in the country, in the interests of implementing the sustainable development agenda and ESG, a “Long-term strategy for low-carbon development and climate resilience until 2050”, an energy policy, a Forestry Law aimed at preserving forests, etc. .normative acts. Technological and organizational and managerial methods of decarbonization are actively used in state and corporate management. The main emphasis was placed on the restructuring of the energy sector (reducing the share of energy produced at thermal power plants in the energy balance and increasing the share of renewable energy sources); fight against deforestation; development of a subsidizing system for the purchase of electric vehicles; adoption of a "green taxonomy"; involvement of SMEs in green activities within the supply chains of large companies, etc.

Discussion and conclusion. The paper substantiates that the government of Indonesia assigns the main role in reducing emissions to the fight against deforestation. The goals and actions for the transition of the energy sector to RES conflict with the tasks of the coal industry. It is necessary to coordinate goalsetting at different levels of government, between different ministries, as well as with business. A conclusion is made about promising tools for reducing CO2 emissions from the point of view of application in Russia.
VANAPRASTHA WELLNESS TOURISM: A CONCEPTUAL SYNTHESIS OF BALINESE TRADITIONAL VALUE
Authors: Suyasa I Gede Wiwin , Soeroso Amiluhur , Widiyanto Nur , Sudiarta I Nyoman
Published: October 2023

Humans are ancient creatures who live in the modern era; human evolution is closely related to the evolution of the natural surroundings. The concept of human connection to nature tradition of going into the forest is known almost throughout Asia by various names; in Japan, the ancient tradition of forest walks to reduce tension and mental fatigue is called Shinrin-yoku, translated in English as Forest Bathing. In ancient Bali, there was a tradition of spending one of the four stage of live (catur asrama) dealing with the forest, known as Vanaprastha. Bali have a great potential to develop eco-tourism and has no shortage of wellness retreats. This qualitative exploratory study, attempts to synthesize the concepts of forest bathing, ecotourism, wellness, and vanaprastha, as an initial proposal to mini theory development, with a typical qualitative approach adopting the five-phased cycle of data compilation, disassembling, reassembling, interpreting and concluding. Utilizing manual data analysis procedures. This study manages to disassemble concepts of the phenomena, subtract them down into distinctive elements, then reassemble the intersected elements into themes, to be then made into compounds to be interpreted and arranged as a new concept of sustainable nature and forest-based tourism aimed at improving the health of tourists through cultural healing while accelerating the capacity building of the host community on economic sustainability – practices that are geared towardslong-term economic growth, which minimize adverse impacts to social, environmental, and cultural aspects of the community. Keywords: vanaprastha wellness tourism; forest bathing; ecotourism; wellness
O USO DE TECNOLOGIAS DIGITAIS (TIC’S) NO ENSINO E APRENDIZAGEM DE INSTITUIÇÕES DE ENSINO SUPERIOR EM PAÍSES DA AMÉRICA LATINA: DESAFIOS E BENEFÍCIOS PARA O SÉCULO XXI
Authors: Freitas Vinicius da Silva , De Faria Itamar Teodoro , Da Rocha Dayanna Roberta Costa , Souza Lívia Barbosa Pacheco , Truppel Nara Núbia de Sousa , Fernandes Juliana Carrijo Naves , Gois Mariana Dias , Dos Santos Adelcio Machado
Published: October 2023

O objetivo desta pesquisa consiste em analisar o impacto e as implicações das tecnologias digitais (TICs) nos processos de ensino e aprendizagem em instituições de ensino superior na América Latina. Busca-se destacar os desafios enfrentados em sua implementação e as maneiras pelas quais essas tecnologias podem aprimorar a prática pedagógica cotidiana. Esta investigação se baseia em uma revisão bibliográfica, fundamentada em uma coleta qualitativa de dados. A questão norteadora da pesquisa aborda os benefícios e desafios da utilização das TICs no ensino e aprendizagem em instituições de ensino superior situadas em países em desenvolvimento. Os resultados revelam que a carência de infraestrutura em muitas instituições ainda é um problema latente. Apesar dos avanços observados no acesso à internet, na adoção de plataformas digitais e no aprimoramento da capacitação docente, esses aspectos são considerados desafios preeminentes no contexto do processo de ensino-aprendizagem mediado por tecnologia. A pesquisa conclui que as TICs, componentes inegáveis e essenciais da educação e aprendizagem contemporâneas, têm sido empregadas para impulsionar os processos educacionais nas instituições de ensino superior. Elas contribuem para superar as barreiras e deficiências ainda não abordadas de forma completa pelas políticas educacionais nos países da região.
The Effect of Service Quality, Reputation, and Perceived Price on Purchase Decisions with Customer Satisfaction as an Intervening Variable (Study on Parents of Students at Ciputra School Surabaya)
Authors: Bekti Kumoro Widarso , Denpharanto Agung Krisprimandoyo
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study is to test and analyze the influence of Service Quality, Reputation, and Perceived Price on Purchase Decisions and Customer Satisfaction among parents of Ciputra School Surabaya students, as well as to test and analyze the mediating role of Customer Satisfaction in the influence of Service Quality on Purchase Decision and the power of Reputation on Purchase Decision. Service Quality (X1), Reputation (X2), Perceived Price (X3), Customer Satisfaction (Z), and Purchase Decision (Y) are the variables analyzed in this study. Path analysis (Path Analysis) is a technique for analyzing data that begins with the processing of questionnaire data to analyze respondent characteristics and descriptive statistics on the variables Service Quality X1, Reputation (X2), Perceived Price (X3), Customer Satisfaction (Z), and Purchase Decision (Y)—tools for data analysis utilizing PLS with Smart PLS software. The results of testing the hypotheses indicate that Service Quality, Reputation, and Perceived Price have a positive and statistically significant effect on Purchase Decisions. Service Quality and Reputation have a positive and statistically significant influence on Customer Satisfaction, whereas Perceived Price has no effect. Customer Satisfaction could mediate the impact of Service Quality on Purchase Decisions but could not judge the results of Reputation and Perceived Price on Purchase Decisions. The findings of this study indicate that Service Quality has a significant impact on Purchase Decisions made by parents of Ciputra School Surabaya, necessitating the implementation of a number of strategies by management to ensure the future viability and growth of Ciputra School.
Psychological Contracts and Employee Voice: Does Breach Matter?
Authors: Botha Larysa , Steyn Renier
Published: October 2023

Empirical evidence shows that the type of psychological contract and psychological contract breach affect employees’ work behaviours. One of these behaviours is employee voice, which is a key to organisational dynamics. This research aims to determine empirically the ways in which different types of psychological contract are linked to different types of employee voice, and the ways in which psychological contract breaches affect these relationships. The paucity of literature on the relationship between all three variables necessitated this research. The research targeted South African employees working in medium to large organisations with a staff component larger than 60. In a cross-sectional survey, the respondents were asked to answer a questionnaire on psychological contracts, psychological contract breach and employee voice. Correlation and regression analyses were used to test the relationships and the moderation effect of psychological contract breach on the psychological contract–employee voice links. A total of 620 respondents returned completed questionnaires, which showed acceptable psychometric properties. Relational psychological contracts correlated with promotive dimensions of employee voice, while transactional psychological contracts and psychological contract breach correlated with prohibitive dimensions of employee voice. The psychological contract–employee voice relationship was moderated by psychological contract breach only in a transactional psychological contract environment, and only for the prohibitive employee voice dimension. Psychological contracts and psychological contract breach, as well as the interaction between them, influence employee voice; with hindsight, this occurs in explainable ways. The results contribute to the understanding of the complex relationship between these variables and provide fertile ground for the formulation of targeted hypotheses. Practical recommendations are included.
Simone Weil and the dangerous Myths of Science and Technology
Authors: Nunes da Costa Marta
Published: October 2023

In this article I aim to clarify the role of science and technology in Weil's account of the formation and maintenance of the bureaucratic state as a totalitarian form of State, which allows to identify the similarities between capitalist, fascist and communist regimes. In the first section I characterize Weil's conception of modernity. Having The Need for Roots as my main reference, first, I reconstruct Weil's conceptualization of human nature, after I explore the meanings and signs of uprootedness and Weil's critique of Marxism. In the second section, I analyze the relationship between Revolution, Totalitarianism and the invention of the bureaucratic State. I retake Weil's critique of Marx and the Marxists arguing that science and technology must be subjected to a new criticism today, for they have been reduced to mere means of a totalitarian logic, which ultimately reinforces social oppression. I conclude by rescuing Weil's defense of the fundamental value of individual freedom and of thought, for our humanity lies in it.
Our agai (teacher) – Yuli Sergeevich Khudyakov
Authors: Orozbekova Zh.
Published: October 2023

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Defensive armament of the Hunnu
Authors: Gorbunov V. V. , Likhacheva O. S.
Published: October 2023

The article analyzes the findings of protective equipment made in the archaeological monuments of the Hunnu culture on the territory of Transbaikalia and Mongolia. The description of the main features of horn and iron plates is given, their images are shown. The origin of various elements of armor plating and the period of their existence are considered. Reconstructions of the armours and helmets of the Hunnu have been created with the involvement of fully preserved analogues. The Hunnic warriors used lamellar and scaly cuirass, poncho, and robe armor, as well as lamellar helmets with a closed dome and an open top. The leading role of the Hunnu in the development of iron armor in Central Asia is noted. The appearance of new details of lamellar armor with an original system of six holes and a plate shape borrowed from scaly armor was revealed in the Hunnu. These plates were borrowed by other nomads and the Chinese. It is concluded that the level of development of defensive means allowed the Hunnu to form independent units of armored cavalry. More complete types of armour and helmets, including those of imported origin, were probably owned by commanders (representatives of the nobility). Ordinary warriors used armor of a lightweight design, where in addition to iron, less resistant materials (horn, leather, wood) were also used. Despite the fact that the Hunnu armored cavalry did not yet have sufficient penetrating power in the confrontation with the Chinese infantry, their experience in the development of defensive weapons proved useful for the subsequent evolution of armor among the Nomads.
Assistência das equipes de saúde aos casos de tuberculose no sistema prisional pós-COVID-19 em uma cidade do estado da Paraíba
Authors: Lima Layanne Kelly Estrela , Oliveira Rafaela Rolim de , Alencar Neta Raimunda Leite de , Macena Luiz Felipe da Costa , Lacerda Sheylla Nadjane Batista , Bezerra Yuri Charllub Pereira , Varela Beatriz Raíssa Silva , Assis Elisangela Vilar de , Pinheiro Yago Tavares , Feitosa Ankilma do Nascimento Andrade
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: Analisar a assistência prestada pelas equipes de saúde a população privada de liberdade com Tuberculose (TB) após a pandemia em um município do estado da Paraíba. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal descritivo, realizado com 5 profissionais de saúde que atuam na Penitenciária Masculina Padrão Regional do município. A coleta dos dados ocorreu em abril de 2023 utilizando-se um questionário validado para obtenção dos dados. Os dados foram analisados com o auxílio do software IBM SPSS Statistics (versão 26). Resultados: Observou-se que os profissionais de saúde (05) foram exclusivamente do sexo feminino, com idade média de 37,2 anos e mais de 10 anos de formação. Na unidade o Tratamento Diretamente Observado (TDO) é realizado em todas as pessoas privadas de liberdade (PPL) com TB associado a ações de educação em saúde pela equipe multidisciplinar. Além disso, pôde-se analisar que 40% dos profissionais estavam afastados ou não trabalhavam na penitenciaria durante a pandemia. Apesar de todos os profissionais realizarem o rastreio da TB com baciloscopia, um dos profissionais relatou que o trabalho não é realizado até a cura, uma vez que o principal desafio relatado foi a demora no diagnóstico. Conclusão: Durante a pandemia da COVID-19 os casos de TB não receberam muita assistência, no entanto não houve mudanças na taxa de incidência da doença nas PPL.
Does indirect decompression by oblique lateral interbody fusion produce similar clinical and radiological outcomes to direct decompression by open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion
Authors: Sahoo Auroshish , Jain Mantu , Naik Suprava , Das Gurudip , Kumar Pankaj , Tripathy Sujit Kumar , Ratna Harish V. K. , Ramasubbu Mathan Kumar
Published: October 2023

Objectives:

Open transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (O-TLIF) remains the most popular and widely practiced lumbar fusion method even today, providing direct decompression. Oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) is a novel retroperitoneal approach that allows placement of a large interbody cage which provides an indirect neural decompression, and screws can be placed minimal invasively or through the Wiltse OLIF (W-OLIF) approach. We aim to find out the short-term efficacy of W-OLIF to O-TLIF in terms of radiological and clinical outcomes in patients of lumbar degenerative diseases.

Materials and Methods:

Fifty-two patients were divided equally into two groups (group O-TLIF and group W-OLIF). Several parameters were measured, such as the spinal cord cross-sectional area (SC-CSA), foraminal cross-sectional area (F-CSA), disc height (DH), foraminal height (FH), Schizas grade for stenosis, and Meyerding’s grading for olisthesis. Functional scores were measured using the visual analog scale (VAS) for low back pain (LBP) and lower limbs, Oswestry Disability Index. All parameters were repeat measured at 3 months follow-up. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software.

Results:

Both groups were similar in composition preoperatively. There was significant improvement in all clinical and radiological parameters post-surgery in either group. However, at 3 months, The DH, FH, FSA, and VAS (LBP) were better in the W-OLIF group than in O-TLIF. Procedure-related complications were seen in both groups (15% in the O-TLIF group and 19% in the W-TLIF group), but only one patient in O-TLIF required revision due to cage migration.

Conclusion:

Similar improvement occurs in most of the clinical and radiological parameters in the W-OLIF group compared to the O-TLIF group. Few radiological parameters such as the DH, FH, and F-CSA and the VAS (LBP) correction are superior in the W-OLIF group in the short-term follow-up. We conclude that indirect decompression by W-OLIF provides equivalent, if not better, results than the traditional O-TLIF lumbar fusion.
Menjelajahi Dukungan Sosial Bagi Mualaf Baru di Kota Makassar: Perspektif Kontemporer
Authors: Awaru A. Octamaya Tenri , Hidayat Andi Rahmat , Syukur Muhammad , Rahman Abdul
Published: October 2023

Social support helps adapt and strengthen the Islamic identity of converts in a diverse society. Social support will boost self-esteem, reduce stress, give a sense of belonging and help clarify self-esteem. The purpose of this study is to find out how the form of social support for converts and the benefits of social support felt by converts in Makassar City. This research is descriptive qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. The informant in the study was a convert who was domiciled in Makassar City which was determined using snowball sampling techniques. Data collected by observation and interviews are interpreted and interpreted according to information from informants. The data found are checked for validity using checking techniques and increasing the persistence of observations. Data analysis techniques go through 3 stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, conclusion drawing or verification. The results of the study found that the form of social support provided by the people of Makassar City to Mulaf was emotional support; support in the form of awards; instrumental support, and support in the form of information. The benefits of social support felt by converts are to eliminate doubts / anxieties; increase self-confidence; help to understand new religions; increase religious commitment. The people of Makassar City need to expand their understanding of Islam and provide positive and inclusive social support to converts to help them adapt and strengthen their Islamic identity.
Peran Mediasi Kapabilitas Manajemen Pengetahuan pada Pengaruh Pelatihan terhadap Kinerja Inovasi Pegawai Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Kabupaten Sanggau
Authors: Fahmi Alfikri Nurul Fauzan , Komari Nurul , Rosnani Titik
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh pelatihan terhadap kinerja inovasi pegawai yang dimediasi oleh kapabilitas manajemen pengetahuan di Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Kabupaten Sanggau. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode sensus dengan populasi pegawai dan tenaga kontrak pada Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah Kabupaten Sanggau berjumlah 50 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada seluruh pegawai dan tenaga kontrak. Teknik analisis data menggunakan aplikasi SPSS versi 25 dengan analisis jalur. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pelatihan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja inovasi pegawai, pelatihan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja inovasi pegawai yang dimediasi oleh kapabilitas manajemen pengetahuan, dan kapabilitas manajemen pengetahuan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja inovasi pegawai.
The school principal's efforts in strengthening the ethics of digital citizens
Authors: Dea Franciska Alda , Sutrisno Sutrisno , Cahyono Hadi
Published: October 2023

Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah: 1) Untuk mengetahui upaya Kepala Sekolah dalam penguatan etika warga  digital di SMK PGRI 2 Ponorogo. 2) Untuk mengetahui faktor pendukung dan hambatan dalam melaksanakan program penguatan etika warga digital di SMK PGRI 2 Ponorogo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian campuran yang didalamnya termuat tentang study literatur. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah melalui kegiatan wawancara dan angket. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan teknik interaksi data yang dilakukan dengan cara pengumpulan data, reduksi data, serta penyajian data. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 1.upaya kepala sekolah dalam penguatan etika warga digital melalui; a)penyediaan sumber daya teknologi, sarana dan prasarana digital yang memadai. b) membuat tata tertib terkait etika warga digital di lingkungan sekolah. c)peningkatan spiritual terkait etika warga digital. 2.faktor pendukung dan penghambat, adanya faktor dukungan yang diantaranya; saling menjaga privasi, meningkatkan kesadaran beretika digital, penggunaan teknologi yang bertanggung jawab, serta pembuatan aturan tata tertib sekolah tentang Etika Digital. Adapun faktor penghambat diantaranya; kurangnya kesadaran dan pemahaman pentingnya etika warga digital, kurangnya pengawasan, adanya kesenjangan pemahaman antara pendidik dan siswa, membuat konsentrasi terganggu, dan perubahan teknologi yang pesat menjadi tantangan bagi para pendidik.
Deuterium Labeling of Isoaspartic and Isoglutamic Acids for Mass Spectrometry Analysis
Authors: MIYAGI MASARU , Kiesel Evan , Neumbo Kelao , Nakazawa Takashi
Published: October 2023

Isoaspartic acid (isoAsp) is a common protein modification that spontaneously arises from asparagine or aspartic acid, and it has been linked to various diseases and health conditions. However, current methods for identifying isoAsp sites in proteins often suffer from ambiguity and have not gained widespread adoption. We have developed a novel method that exclusively labels isoAsp with deuterium. This method capitalizes on the unique structural characteristics of isoAsp residues, which possess a free α-carboxyl group and can form an oxazolone ring. Once the oxazolone ring forms, it facilitates racemization at the Cα-position, incorporating a deuteron from a D2O solvent. The sites of deuterium-incorporated isoAsp in proteins can be unequivocally determined by comparing the precursor and product ion masses of the peptides from proteins reacted in H2O and D2O. The effectiveness of this method has been demonstrated through its application to model proteins, lysozyme, and rituximab. Furthermore, we have confirmed that the isoAsp deuterium labeling reaction can also efficiently label isoglutamic acid (isoGlu), for which no effective detection methods currently exist.
Deep Neural Network Assisted Quantum Chemistry Calculations on Quantum Computers
Authors: Ghosh Kalpak , Kumar Sumit , M. R. Nirmal , Yamijala Sharma S. R. K. C.
Published: October 2023

The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) is a widely employed method to solve electronic structure problems on the current noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. However, due to inherent noise in the NISQ devices, VQE results on NISQ devices often deviate significantly from the results obtained on noiseless statevector simulators or traditional classical computers. The iterative nature of the VQE further amplifies the errors in each loop. Recent works have explored ways to integrate deep neural networks (DNN) with VQE to mitigate the iterative errors, albeit, primarily limited to the noiseless statevector simulators. In this work, we trained DNN models across various quantum circuits and examined the potential of two DNN-VQE approaches, DNN1 and DNNF, for predicting the ground state energies of small molecules in the presence of device noise. We carefully examined the accuracy of the DNN1, DNNF, and VQE methods on both noisy simulators and real quantum devices by considering different ansatzes of varying qubit counts and circuit depths. Our results illustrate the advantages and limitations of both VQE and DNN-VQE approaches. Notably, both DNN1 and DNNF methods consistently outperform the standard VQE method in providing more accurate ground-state energies in noisy environments. However, despite being more accurate than VQE, the energies predicted using these methods on real quantum hardware remain meaningful only at reasonable circuit depths (depth = 15, gates = 21). At higher depths (depth = 83, gates = 112), they deviate significantly from the exact results. Additionally, we find that DNNF does not offer any notable advantage over VQE in terms of speed. Consequently, our study recommends DNN1 as the preferred method for obtaining quick and accurate ground state energies of molecules on the current quantum hardware, particularly for quantum circuits with lower depth and fewer qubits.
Electro/Ni Dual-Catalyzed Decarboxylative C(sp3)−C(sp2) Cross-Coupling Reactions of Carboxylates and Aryl Bromide
Authors: Luo Jian , Davenport Michael , Ess Daniel , Liu Tianbiao
Published: October 2023

Paired redox-neutral electrolysis offers an attractive green platform for organic synthesis by avoiding sacrificial oxidants and reductants. Here, we report the electro/Ni dual-catalyzed redox-neutral C(sp3)−C(sp2) cross-coupling reactions between carboxylates and aryl bromides. At a cathode, an NiII(Ar)(Br) intermediate is formed through the activation of the Ar−Br bond by a NiI-bipyridine catalyst and subsequent one electron reduction. The carboxylates, including amino acid, benzyl carboxylic acid, and 2-phenoxy propionic acid, undergo oxidative decarboxylation at an anode to form carbon based radicals. The combination of the NiII(Ar)(Br) intermediate and the carbon radical results in the formation of C(sp3)−C(sp2) cross-coupling products. The broad reaction scope, excellent functional group tolerance, and good yields of the electro/Ni dual-catalyzed C(sp3)−C(sp2) cross-coupling reaction were confirmed through 48 examples of carboxylates and aryl bromides in small-scale vial reactions and scale-up flow synthesis. The electro/Ni dual-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions described in this study are expected to have broad applications in the construction of C(sp3)−C(sp2) bonds because of the readily available carboxylate nucleophiles and the scalability of electrochemical flow-synthesis technology.
Demagnetizing Ferromagnetic Catalysts to the Sabatier Op-timal of Haber-Bosch Process
Authors: Xu Gaomou , Sun Licheng , Wang Tao
Published: October 2023

Achieving the Sabatier optimal of a chemical reaction has been the central topic in heterogenous catalysis for a century. However, this ultimate goal is greatly hindered by the extrinsic modifications in previous catalyst design strategies. Accord-ing to the magneto-catalytic effect (MCE), the performance of ferromagnetic catalysts can be promoted without changing its chemical structure. Herein, we use time-dependent density functional perturbation theory (TDDFPT) calculations to elucidate that a partially demagnetized ferromagnet could be a Sabatier optimal catalyst. Using ammonia synthesis as the model reac-tion, we determined the activity of Cobalt at each demagnetized state by including the magnetically thermal excitations via magnon analysis, making the 55% demagnetized Co to the genuine Sabatier optimal. As an essential but under-excavated phenomenon in heterogeneous catalysis, the MCE will open a new avenue to design high-performance catalysts.
Synthesis of C3-Substituted N1-tert-Butyl 1,2,4-Triazinium Salts via the Liebeskind–Srogl Reaction for Fluorogenic Labeling of Live Cells
Authors: Šlachtová Veronika , Bellová Simona , Vrabel Milan
Published: October 2023

We recently described the development and application of new bioorthogonal conjugation, the triazinium ligation. To explore the wider application of this reaction, in this work we introduce a general method for synthesizing C3-substituted triazinium salts based on the Liebeskind–Srogl cross-coupling reaction and catalytic thioether reduction. These methods enabled the synthesis of triazinium derivatives for investigating the effect of different substituents on the ligation kinetics and stability of the compounds under biologically relevant conditions. Finally, we demonstrate that the combination of coumarin fluorophore attached to position C3 with a C5-(4-methoxyphenyl) substituent, yields a fluorogenic triazinium probes suitable for no-wash, live-cell labeling. The developed methodology represents a promising synthetic approach to the late-stage modification of triazinium salts, potentially widening their application in bioorthogonal reactions.
Azole reagents enabled ligation of peptide acyl pyrazoles for chemical protein synthesis
Authors: Liao Peisi , He Chunmao
Published: October 2023

Native chemical ligation (NCL) has been playing an increasingly important role in chemical protein synthesis (CPS), more efficient ligation methods that circumvent the requirement of peptidyl thioester and thiol additive—which allow the following desulfurization or refolding in one pot—are urgently needed for the synthesis of more complex protein targets and in large quantities. Herein, we discover that the weak acyl donor peptidyl N-acylpyrazole can be activated by azole reagents like 3-methylpyrazole or imidazole to facilitate its ligation directly with an N-terminal cysteine peptide. As it requires no thioester and thiol additive, this ligation strategy can be conveniently combined with metal-free desulfurization (MFD) or oxidative protein folding to allow various one-pot protocols. The utility and generality of the strategy are showcased by the total synthesis of ubiquitin via an N-to-C sequential ligation-MFD strategy, the semi-synthesis of a copper protein azurin, and the efficient assembly of a sulfated hirudin variant and the cyclotide kalata B1, all in a one-pot fashion.
Insulin–Dendrimer Nanocomplex for Multi-Day Glucose-Responsive Therapy in Mice and Swine
Authors: Xian Sijie , Xiang Yuanhui , Liu Dongping , Fan Bowen , Mitrová Katarína , Ollier Rachel , Su Bo , Alloosh Muhammad Ali , Jiráček Jiří , Sturek Michael , Alloosh Mouhamad , Webber Matthew
Published: October 2023

The management of diabetes in a manner offering autonomous insulin therapy responsive to glucose-directed need, and moreover with a dosing schedule amenable to facile administration, remains an ongoing goal to improve the standard of care. While basal insulins with reduced dosing frequency, even once-weekly administration, are on the horizon, there is still no approved therapy that offers glucose-responsive insulin function. Herein, a nanoscale complex combining both electrostatic and dynamic-covalent interactions between a synthetic dendrimer carrier and an insulin analogue modified with a high-affinity glucose-binding motif yields an injectable insulin depot affording both glucose-directed and long-lasting insulin availability. Following a single injection, it is even possible to control blood glucose for at least one week in diabetic swine subjected to oral glucose challenges. Measurements of serum insulin concentration in response to challenge show increases in insulin corresponding to elevated blood glucose levels, an uncommon finding even in preclinical work on glucose-responsive insulin. Accordingly, the subcutaneous nanocomplex that results from combining electrostatic and dynamic-covalent interactions between a modified insulin and a synthetic dendrimer carrier affords a glucose-responsive insulin depot for week-long control following a single routine injection.