bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Laboratory diagnostics in dementia
Authors: Weber Thomas
Published: July 2018

Although recent evidence seems to suggest a steady or even declining prevalence and incidence of dementias, these disorders pose a tremendous threat to health care and caregivers. The most common, dominant cause of dementia is Alzheimer’s disease (AD) followed by Levy body dementia (LBD) and vascular dementia (VD). Over the last 25 years, great progress has been made in understanding the pathogenesis of AD but not yet in its treatment. Advancements have been made by ever improving clinical and paraclinical definitions allowing for a continuously increasing differentiation of the various causes of dementias. Besides imaging, functional imaging using positron emission tomography (PET) is now being increasingly used to define the amyloid loadin vivoin the brain. By the use of tau-specific tracers meaningful tau imaging may be achieved in the future. The discovery of the cleaving mechanisms of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) and the identification of its major products such as Aβ1−42and Aβ1−40as well the metabolism of tau and its phosphorylation have provided reasonably reliable markers to evaluate their usefulness for the diagnosis of AD, LBD, frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), alcohol-related dementia (ARD), traumatic brain injury (TBI), mixed dementia (MD) and others first by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis and now, due to the introduction of a digital single molecule array (Simoa), by plasma testing. This promising new technique should open avenues for the laboratory validation of other markers such as neurofilament light chains (NfL), visinin-like protein-1 (VLP-1), heart fatty acid binding protein (HFABP) and YKL-40, facilitating further differentiation of the various forms of dementia thus leading to improved treatment.
Magnetic PbFe12O19-TiO2 nanocomposites and their photocatalytic performance in the removal of toxic pollutants
Authors: Lahijani Behnaz , Hedayati Kambiz , Goodarzi Mojtaba
Published: July 2018

In this work, the PbFe12O19 nanoparticles were prepared by the simple and optimized precipitation method with different organic surfactants and capping agents. In the next step, the TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized using the sol-gel method. At the final step, the PbFe12O19-TiO2 nanocomposites were prepared via the sol-gel method. The effect of the precipitating agent on the morphology and particle size of the products was investigated. The prepared products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results obtained by the vibrating sample magnetometer show the magnetic properties of the ferrite nanostructures. The photocatalytic effect of the PbFe12O19-TiO2 nanocomposite on the elimination of the azo dyes (acid black, acid violet and acid blue) under ultraviolet light irradiation was evaluated. The results indicate that the prepared nanocomposites have acceptable magnetic and photocatalytic performance.
Power-efficient generation of two-octave mid-IR frequency combs in a germanium microresonator
Authors: Guo Yuhao , Wang Jing , Han Zhaohong , Wada Kazumi , Kimerling Lionel C. , Agarwal Anuradha M. , Michel Jurgen , Zheng Zheng , Li Guifang , Zhang Lin
Published: July 2018

Octave-spanning frequency comb generation in the deep mid-infrared (>5.5 μm) typically requires a high pump power, which is challenging because of the limited power of narrow linewidth lasers at long wavelengths. We propose twofold dispersion engineering for a Ge-on-Si microcavity to enable both dispersion flattening and dispersion hybridization over a wide band from 3.5 to 10 μm. A two-octave mode-locked Kerr frequency comb can be generated from 2.3 to 10.2 μm, with a pump power as low as 180 mW. It has been shown that dispersion flattening greatly enhances the spectral broadening of the generated comb, whereas dispersion hybridization improves its spectral flatness.
Programmable multifunctional integrated nanophotonics
Authors: Pérez Daniel , Gasulla Ivana , Capmany José
Published: July 2018

Programmable multifunctional integrated nanophotonics (PMIN) is a new paradigm that aims at designing common integrated optical hardware configurations, which by suitable programming can implement a variety of functionalities that can be elaborated for basic or more complex operations in many application fields. The interest in PMIN is driven by the surge of a considerable number of emerging applications in the fields of telecommunications, quantum information processing, sensing and neurophotonics that will be calling for flexible, reconfigurable, low-cost, compact and low-power-consuming devices, much in the same way as how field programmable gate array (FPGA) devices operate in electronics. The success of PMIN relies on the research into suitable interconnection hardware architectures that can offer a very high spatial regularity as well as the possibility of independently setting (with a very low power consumption) the interconnection state of each connecting element. Integrated waveguide meshes provide regular and periodic geometries, formed by replicating a unit cell, which can take the form of a square, hexagon or triangle, among other configurations. Each side of the cell is formed by two integrated waveguides connected by means of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) or a tunable directional coupler that can be operated by means of an output control signal as a crossbar switch or as a variable coupler with independent power division ratio and phase shift. In this paper, we review the recent advances reported in the field of PMIN and, especially, in those based on integrated photonic waveguide meshes, both from the theoretical as well as from the experimental point of view. We pay special attention to outlining the design principles, material platforms, synthesis algorithms and practical constraints of these structures and discuss their applicability to different fields.
The effect of in-line foam generation on foam quality and sheet formation in foam forming
Authors: Koponen Antti , Jäsberg Ari , Lappalainen Timo , Kiiskinen Harri
Published: July 2018

Foam forming has recently attracted increasing interest due to the paper industry’s continual efforts to find new possibilities to minimize raw material consumption, and to improve energy and water efficiency. Foam forming is also thought to be a possible solution to the industry’s need to widen its product portfolio with novel and more valuable products. In foam forming, foam properties (air content, bubble size and half-life) are obviously key process variables, but there are only a few studies in which their effect on the sheet properties have been studied in pilot conditions. Moreover, all previous studies have used foam generated in stirring tanks, and there are hitherto no studies in which in-line foam generation has been considered. In this paper both these gaps are filled with experiments performed in VTT’s pilot foam forming environment. The combination of tank and in-line generation was found to work well in foam forming, providing extra flexibility for foam generation and decreasing surfactant needs. The results show that foam forming generally improves formation, but the foam quality can have a significant effect on sheet properties.
Recent advances in the rational synthesis and self-assembly of anisotropic plasmonic nanoparticles
Authors: Scarabelli Leonardo
Published: July 2018

The field of plasmonics has grown at an incredible pace in the last couple of decades, and the synthesis and self-assembly of anisotropic plasmonic materials remains highly dynamic. The engineering of nanoparticle optical and electronic properties has resulted in important consequences for several scientific fields, including energy, medicine, biosensing, and electronics. However, the full potential of plasmonics has not yet been realized due to crucial challenges that remain in the field. In particular, the development of nanoparticles with new plasmonic properties and surface chemistries could enable the rational design of more complex architectures capable of performing advanced functions, like cascade reactions, energy conversion, or signal transduction. The scope of this short review is to highlight the most recent developments in the synthesis and self-assembly of anisotropic metal nanoparticles, which are capable of bringing forward the next generation of plasmonic materials.
Qualification and Performance Evaluation of an Automated System for Compounding Injectable Cytotoxic Drugs
Authors: Carrez Laurent , Martin Vincent , Verrey Anne Sophie , Furrer Pascal , Bouchoud Lucie , Falaschi Ludivine , Bonnabry Pascal
Published: July 2018

Background

Use of automated systems for the production of chemotherapy will increase in answer to hospitals’ needs to rationalise production. The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of a PharmaHelp® automated system for compounding chemotherapy.

Methods

Viable and non viable particles in air and liquid were measured by particle counter. Surface chemical contamination was simulated with a quinine solution. Microbiological contamination and aseptic processes were studied using media-fill tests. Dose accuracy was evaluated using a gravimetric method, in simulation studies and with real products in daily practice. Productivity was calculated by batch of ten IV-bags.

Results

No particles or microbiological contamination were detected. Filling was accurate for all the volumes of non-viscous solution studied (97–103 %). Minimum volumes which could be prepared accurately were 2 mL and 5 mL for the non-viscous and viscous solutions, respectively. For 2–5 mL volumes, the robot was less accurate than average, and 0–2 % of bags were rejected (deviation>10 %). Average fill deviations were from 0–3 % for 2–5 mL volumes and<1 % for volumes above 5 mL. Average production time for ten bags was 61±11 min.

Conclusions

The automated system was able to produce chemotherapy effectively, delivering appropriate quality with productivity comparable to manual preparations. These results confirmed that such automated systems have the potential to guarantee optimal safety for patients and technicians.
Electrophilic substitution in the d-metal hexacyanoferrate(II) gelatin-immobilized matrix systems
Authors: Mikhailov Oleg V.
Published: July 2018

Data of electrophilic substitution processes proceeding into thed-metal hexacyanoferrate(II) gelatin-immobilized matrix systems when they are in contact with aqueous solutions of chlorides ofd-elements have been systematized and generalized. The bibliography includes 94 references.
Difficulties in the Diagnosis of Inclusion Body Myositis-Case Report
Authors: Bazic Danijela , Todorovic Zeljko , Toncev Gordana , Veselinovic Mirjana , Tomic Lucic Aleksandra
Published: July 2018

Inclusion body myositis belongs to the group of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. Two processes, one autoimmune and the other degenerative, appear to occur in parallel. There are two forms of inclusion body myositis, hereditary and sporadic.

Case report: 47-year-old woman with muscle weakness and atrophy of the distal and proximal muscles, and involvement of quadriceps and deep finger flexors was admitted for neuromuscular evaluation. These changes have been started gradually and insidiously over three years. Electromyography findings were nonspecific and for this reason in the beginning of the disease it was misdiagnosed as demyelization peripheral neuropathy. Muscle biopsy, with the presence of characteristic structures such as rimmed vacuoles and amyloid deposits definitely confirmed the diagnosis of inclusion body myositis. Conclusion: There are several difficulties in the diagnosis of inclusion body myositis as nonspecific EMG findings and overreliance on electrophysiology and lack of the cardinal histological features in muscle biopsy. Although this disease is rare and incurable, making the correct diagnosis is crucial to directing the patient to physical therapy for weakness and occupational therapy to improve a patient’s ability in activities of daily living.
Phytochemical and Pharmacological Properties of Some Species of the Genus Galium L. Galium Verum and Mollugo
Authors: Bradic Jovana , Petkovic Anica , Tomovic Marina
Published: July 2018

Galium verum L. and Galium mollugo L. are perennial herbaceous plants, belonging to the Rubiaceae family. Several classes of bioactive compounds, such as iridoid glycosides, phenolic compounds, anthraquinones and triterpenes, as well as small amounts of tannins, saponins, essential oils have been isolated from Galium species so far. Plants belonging to this genus have a long history of use in a traditional medicine for the treatment of many diseases and conditions. Th e main application of G. verum is as diuretic, choleretic and as the treatment for gout and epilepsy. On the other hand, G. mollugo has been used to treat hysteria, epilepsy, as vulnerary. Over the past decades, numerous papers have been published referring to the chemical constituents presented in G. verum and G. mollugo extracts. Additionally, chemical composition and pharmacological effects of G. verum have been investigated, however data related to the effects of G. mollugo is limited. In this review, we summarized the current knowledge on the phytochemical and pharmacological properties of G. verum and G. mollugo. Finally, we proposed directions for future research in this field, which can improve our understanding of the potential health benefits of Galium species.
Importance of biochemical parameters in order to predict clinical severity in patients diagnosed with Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever
Authors: Sagmak Tartar Ayse , Özer Balin Safak , Çatak Zekiye , Akbulut Ayhan , Demirdag Kutbeddin
Published: July 2018

Objective

We aimed to investigate new biochemical indicators to predict the clinical course of patients following the diagnosis of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF).

Material and methods

We retrospectively evaluated patients diagnosed with CCHF. They were divided into three groups based on a scoring system known as severity grading score in order to predict severity. Red cell distribution width (RDW), mean platelet volume (MPV), creatinine phosphokinase (CPK), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamyl transferase (GGT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were evaluated on the first day of admission. These biochemical parameters may predict the clinical course of our three patient groups.

Results

In our study, there were 38 (70.4%) male and 16 (29.6%) female patients, and the mean age was 44.33±16.94 years. Based on our scoring system, 17 (31.4%), 30 (55.5%) and 7 (12.9%) patients were in group 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Statistically significant difference was observed between groups 1–3 and groups 2–3 for ALP values; however, a statistically significant difference was observed among all three groups for GGT values. Significant differences were not observed among the groups for RDW, MPW, CPK and CRP levels (p>0.05).

Conclusion

ALP and GGT values can be used as auxiliary indicators to predict the clinical course for patients with CCHF. However, CPK, CRP, MPV and RDW values were not observed to be important for prognosis.
Co-Flowing Jet Control Using Lip Thickness Variation
Authors: Shankar R. Naren , Thanigaiarasu S. , Elangovan S. , Rathakrishnan E.
Published: July 2018

The control of co-flowing jets by varying lip thickness has been studied experimentally. Lip thickness is defined as the thickness of primary nozzle wall separating primary jet and secondary jet at the co-flowing nozzle exit. Co-flowing jets from a primary nozzle of diameter 10 mm (1.0 Dp) and a secondary duct with lip thickness (LT) 0.2 Dp, 1.0 Dp and 1.5 Dp at Mach numbers 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 have been studied. Jet centreline total pressure decay, static pressure variation and jet mixing behaviour were analysed. The results show that the mixing of the co-flowing jet with substantial values of lip thickness is superior to the co-flowing jets with comparatively lower values of lip thickness. Co-flowing jets with lip thickness 1.0 Dp and 1.5 Dp experience a significantly higher mixing than the lip thickness 0.2 Dp jet, for all Mach numbers analyzed in the present study. Moreover, in the case of correctly expanded jets, the local static pressure is assumed to be equal to atmospheric pressure. This assumption becomes invalid for co-flowing jets with substantial lip thickness. The centerline static pressure varies sinusoidally above and below atmospheric pressure by a maximum of 11 %, which is due to wake dominance.
Alkaline-earth tri-mercurides A
IIHg3 (A
II=Ca, Sr, Ba): binary intermetallic compounds with a common and a new structure type
Authors: Wendorff Marco , Röhr Caroline
Published: July 2018

The alkaline-earth tri-mercurides AHg3 (A=Ca, Sr, Ba) were yielded from stoichiometric melts of the elements in pure phase (in the case of Sr with Sr11Hg54 as a by-product) and their structures were determined by means of single crystal X-ray data. As reported long ago from powder data, CaHg3 and SrHg3 crystallize in the Ni3Sn-type (P63/mmc, a=662.26(2)/689.39(3), c=501.64(2)/510.38(3) pm, Z=2, R1=0.0233/0.0306 for A=Ca/Sr). The structure consists of a hexagonal close packing of ordered layers AHg3 or a dense packing of anti-cuboctahedra [AHg12] (as cation coordination polyhedra, CCP) and [Hg6] octahedra fused via opposite faces to form columns along c. BaHg3 crystallizes in a unique structure type (P4/ncc, a=1193.04(3), c=958.02(5) pm, Z=12, R1=0.0461). It contains three crystallographically different Hg atoms, which form layers of distorted flat square pyramids. In contrast to the layers of the BaAl4-type,

1
5

${1 \over 5}$

of the pyramids are missing. Due to the 45 degree rotation of adjacent layers, the connection between the layers is not a ‘apical-to-apical’ one like in BaAl4, but is established by ‘apical-to-basal’ bonds. Compared to the Ca and Sr compound, the CCPs of the two different Ba atoms, which are embedded between the pyramid layers, are increased to 12+4 and 14+2 (for Hg+Ba). For all title compounds and the Li phase LiHg3, which is isotypic to CaHg3, the electronic band structures were calculated within the framework of the FP-LAPW DFT method. Even though the compounds are metals and exhibit only very slight minima of the tDOS at the Fermi level, the electron transfer from the alkali/alkaline-earth element towards mercury is almost complete. Thus, Coulomb interactions and the optimized size and arrangement of the A CCPs, besides the flexible Hg–Hg bonding within the polyanion, determine the structure formation.
A DFT study on the interaction of small molecules with alkali metal ion-exchanged ETS-10
Authors: Pillai Renjith S. , Jorge Miguel , Gomes José R.B.
Published: July 2018

In this paper, we present a systematic quantum-mechanical density functional theory (DFT) study of adsorption of small gas molecules in cation-exchanged Engelhard titanosilicate ETS-10 crystalline materials. Adsorbates with a range of polarities were considered, ranging from polar (H2O), quadrupolar (CO2 and N2), to apolar (CH4) atmospheric gases. Starting from the base-case of Na-ETS-10, other extra framework cations such as Li+, K+, Rb+ and Cs+ were considered. The DFT calculations were performed with the M06-L functional and were corrected for basis set superposition error with the counterpoise method in order to provide accurate and robust geometries and adsorption energies. For all adsorbates, the adsorption enthalpies decrease in the order Li+>Na+>K+>Rb+>Cs+, while adsorbate – cation interaction distances increase along the same order. For the two extreme cases, the enthalpies calculated at the M06-L/6-31++G** level of theory for CH4, N2, CO2, and H2O interaction with Li+(Cs+) exchanged materials are −21.8 (−1.7) kJ·mol−1, −19.0 (−10.7) kJ·mol−1, −34.4 (−21.3) kJ·mol−1, and −70.5 (−36.1) kJ·mol−1, respectively. Additionally, the calculated vibrational frequencies are found to be in quite good agreement with the characteristic vibrational modes of alkali metal cation-exchanged ETS-10 and also with the available experimental frequencies for CH4, N2, CO2, and H2O interactions with alkali metal cations in the 12-membered channel of ETS-10.
Shock Waves, Variational Principle and Conservation Laws of a Schamel–Zakharov–Kuznetsov–Burgers Equation in a Magnetised Dust Plasma
Authors: EL-Kalaawy O.H. , Ahmed Engy A.
Published: July 2018

In this article, we investigate a (3+1)-dimensional Schamel–Zakharov–Kuznetsov–Burgers (SZKB) equation, which describes the nonlinear plasma-dust ion acoustic waves (DIAWs) in a magnetised dusty plasma. With the aid of the Kudryashov method and symbolic computation, a set of new exact solutions for the SZKB equation are derived. By introducing two special functions, a variational principle of the SZKB equation is obtained. Conservation laws of the SZKB equation are obtained by two different approaches: Lie point symmetry and the multiplier method. Thus, the conservation laws here can be useful in enhancing the understanding of nonlinear propagation of small amplitude electrostatic structures in the dense, dissipative DIAWs’ magnetoplasmas. The properties of the shock wave solutions structures are analysed numerically with the system parameters. In addition, the electric field of this solution is investigated. Finally, we will study the physical meanings of solutions.
GARCH(1,1) Model of the Financial Market with the Minkowski Metric
Authors: Pincak Richard , Kanjamapornkul Kabin
Published: July 2018

We solve a stylised fact on a long memory process of the volatility cluster phenomena by using the Minkowski metric for GARCH(1,1) (generalised autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity) under the assumption that price and time cannot be separated. We provide a Yang-Mills equation in financial market and an anomaly on superspace of time series data as a consequence of the proof from the general relativity theory. We use an original idea in the Minkowski spacetime embedded in Kolmogorov space in time series data with the behaviour of traders. The result of this work is equivalent to the dark volatility or the hidden risk fear field induced by the interaction of the behaviour of the trader in the financial market panic when the market crashes.
Quercetin and Apigenin of Cymbopogon citratus mediate inhibition of HCT-116 and PC-3 cell cycle progression and ameliorate Doxorubicin-induced testicular dysfunction in male rats
Authors: Ahmed Nermien Z. , Ibrahim Shaimaa R. , Ahmed- Farid Omar A.
Published: July 2018

Introduction: This study aims to elucidate the possible ameliorative effect of Cymbopogon citratus (CC), i.e. lemon grass, in a Doxorubicin (Dox)-induced male testicular damage and infertility model. Moreover, the anticancer role of the main active constituents of CC (Apigenin and Quercetin) was evaluated on prostatic and colon cancer (PC-3 and HCT-116 carcinoma cell lines, respectively).
Methods: In vitro studies of the cell lines were carried out to determine the IC50 of each active constituent of CC, in order to select the most suitable dose for in vivo studies. For the in vivo studies, 24 rats were divided into 4 groups: Group 1 received saline treatment (negative control), Group 2 received treatment with CC (300 mg/kg body weight (b.w.)), Group 3 received Dox treatment (25 mg/kg b.w. intraperitoneally (i.p.)) on day 9 of the study, and Group 4 received CC treatment followed by Dox treatment on day 9 of the study. All the treatments were administered orally for 10 consecutive days.
Results: The data revealed that Apigenin and Quercetin (AQ) had greater potency against PC-3 cells than HCT-116 cells. In vivo studies demonstrated that Dox treatment induced testicular damage and increased nitrosative stress, inflammation, and cell death, while decreasing cell energy markers for testes. In contrast, rats treated with CC only, or in parallel with Dox, showed ameliorative responses against Dox; they also showed greater testicular activity than normal, which reflected the ability of CC to significantly improve reproductive health performance.
Conclusion: In conclusion, CC inhibits the activity and growth of PC-3 and HCT-116 carcinoma cell lines and, moreover, the whole extract of CC ameliorates testicular dysfunction induced by Dox.
Association of growth-differentiation factor-15 with the number of circulating proangiogenic endothelial progenitor cells in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Berezin Alexander E. , Kremzer Alexander A. , Petrovich Daniel , Mozos Ioana , Berezin Alexander A.
Published: July 2018

The objective: to investigate the relationship between levels of growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) and circulating number of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) with angiopoietin phenotypes: CD34+CD14+CD309+, and CD34+CD14+CD309+Tie2+ in patients with type 2 DM.
Methods: The study was retrospectively involved 76 patients with type 2 DM aged 38 to 55 years and 30 healthy volunteers. Data collection included demographic and anthropometric information, hemodynamic performances and biomarkers of the diseases. Flow cytometry was used to determine EPCs' populations.
Results: The levels of GDF-15 in peripheral blood of diabetics associated with age (r = 0.31, P = 0.044), high-sensitive C-reactive protein [hs-CRP] (r = 0.40, P = 0.001), smoking (r = 0.38, P = 0.001), body mass index [BMI] (r = 0.34, P = 0.001), LDL cholesterol (r = 0.28, P = 0.001), glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] (r = -0.28, P = 0.001), number of CV risk factors (r = 0.26, P = 0.001). In univariate logistic regression analysis we found that level of GDF-15 ≥ 618 pg/mL, hs-CRP ≥7.12 mg/L, HbA1c ≥6.4%, fasting glucose ≥6.7 mmol/L, and BMI ≥27.3 kg/m2 predicted deficiency of both angiopoetic phenotypes of EPCs. In multivariate logistic regression model GDF-15 ≥618 pg/mL demonstrated the best odds ratio values for declining of EPCs in diabetics in comparison with other predictors including BMI, HbA1c and hs-CRP.
Conclusion: GDF-15 was remarkably evaluated in type 2 DM population to healthy volunteers, and it was an independent factor that contributes to mobilization and probably proliferation of endothelial precursors with high angiopoetic activity.
The Incidence of Esophageal Cancer in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Salehiniya Hamid , Hassanipour Soheil , Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz , Mohseni Shokrollah , Joukar Farahnaz , Abdzadeh Elham , Fathalipour Mohammad , Arab-Zozani Morteza
Published: July 2018

Background: Esophageal Cancer (EC) is the eighth most common cancer in terms of incidence. Despite various studies, there is no general estimate of EC incidence in Iran. Therefore, the present study is conducted to evaluate the incidence rates of EC in Iran.

Method: A systematic search was conducted on all published studies of EC incidence using Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Web of sciences, Google scholar, and four Iranian databases (Scientific Information Database, MagIran, IranMedex, and IranDoc) until November 2017. This systematic review was done according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA).

Result: The database, grey literature searches, and hand searching yielded 346 potentially relevant studies. A total of 22 studies were included. The results of the random effect model were demonstrated the age-standardized rate (ASR) of EC was 25.05, 95% CI (20.84 to 29.26) among males and 22.93 95 % CI (18.97-26.88) among females.

Conclusion: In comparison to other geographical locations, the incidence of EC is higher in Iran. However, organized system for collecting data of cancer is required to specify the incidence and trend of EC in Iran.
Esophageal cancer in the world: incidence, mortality and risk factors
Authors: Yousefi Mahboubeh Sadat , Sharifi-Esfahani Mehran , Pourgholam-Amiji Nima , Afshar Mohammad , Sadeghi-Gandomani Hamidreza , Otroshi Omid , Salehiniya Hamid
Published: July 2018

There is little about the incidence, mortality and risk factors of Esophageal cancer (EC) in the world. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the incidence rate, mortality and EC risk factors in the world. This review study was conducted on published English research by January 2017 with the search in by March 2018 by searching in the databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct with the keywords "esophagus cancer," "epidemiology," "incidence," "mortality," "risk factor," " world." Based on the findings of this study, the geographical distribution of the EC differs according to subtitles, as AC is more prevalent in developed countries, while SCC is more prevalent in countries in Africa and East Asia. The most important risk factors for EC are the low intake of vegetables and fruits, drinking drinks and hot liquids, reducing the intake of nutritional supplements such as selenium and zinc, smoking, excessive consumption of alcohol, past medical history, obesity and exposure to some environmental factors. According to the findings, it seems that the main cause of EC- is an undesirable lifestyle. Therefore, it is possible to improve the lifestyle and inform the community about EC risk factors and healthy lifestyle education.
A beleza circassiana no século XIX e a apropriação cultural de Pt Barnum
Authors: Alves da Silva Maria Helena
Published: July 2018

Este trabalho tem como objetivo explorar a apropriação cultural cometida pelo empresário do entretenimento norte-americano Phineas Taylor Barnum (1810 - 1891) das mulheres originárias da Circássia, ao adotar alguns elementos e identididades desse grupo étnico. O trabalho abordará como Barnum utilizou de mulheres norte-americanas com vestimenta e penteados inventados em seus shows, discutindo também questões relativas à moral americana e como foi possível que Barnum e outros empresários fizessem sucesso aproveitando o interesse europeu e norte-americano gerado pela Guerra russo-circassiana e do massacre circassiano cometido em 1864. O trabalho também levantará questões relativas ao interesse norte-americano do comércio de escravos estar utilizando de mulheres brancas, e como isso afetava a imaginação norte-americana e européia, uma vez que de acordo com Blumenbach, a origem do homem branco estava no Caucáso, sendo o povo caucassiano exemplos de ‘homens brancos’. Para a efetivação desse artigo foi realizado uma pesquisa utilizando livros e artigos references à temática, todas escritas em inglês e sem tradução para o português, embora tal tema seja importante para aprendermos mais como a imaginação, o ideal e a apropriação cultural eram percebidas no século XIX.
A liberdade para distribuir a «Bíblia Protestante» em Portugal no início do século XX: «o caso José Alexandre»
Authors: Cavaco Timóteo
Published: July 2018

No acórdão do Tribunal da Relação de Lisboa, datado de 19 de outubro de 1907, reconhecia-se pela primeira vez sem ambiguidade a legalidade da venda da chamada «Bíblia Protestante» e, mais do que isso, a permissão da religião protestante em Portugal, com base no texto da Carta Constitucional de 1826. Quase quatro anos antes da consagração da «igualdade civil e política de todos os cultos» na nova lei fundamental da República, a jurisprudência do Estado confessional da Monarquia Constitucional já apontava para o reconhecimento do pluralismo religioso que se tinha começado a afirmar na sociedade portuguesa a partir da segunda metade do séc. XIX. Na origem desta decisão judicial histórica esteve uma acusação do foro penal mas também eclesiástico contra o vendedor itinerante José Alexandre que atuava em nome da Sociedade Bíblica, organização que se dedicava à distribuição da Bíblia em territórios portugueses desde 1809. Neste artigo procura-se aprofundar a fundamentação jurídica utilizada pelos juízes desembargadores para arquivar o processo deduzido em primeira instância contra o colportor da Sociedade Bíblica, num contexto político e jurídico, mas fundamentalmente social e religioso, em que a religião católica continuava a deter o quase exclusivo da propagação e afirmação da fé, bem como da pertença religiosa dos portugueses.
The MAFIOTISMUS – The Newest Kind of Personal and Private Capitalism on State Niveau – on the Examples in Bulgaria and European Commission Based on The Momtchil Dobrev’s "Theory of Generate of Crises", Momtchil Dobrev’s “Theory And Praxis of Mafiotismus”
Authors: Dobrev-Halachev Lord Prof. PhD PhD Momtchil , Garibova Lady Prof. Mariola , Dobreva Mariika
Published: July 2018

Lord prof PhD PhD Momtchil Dobrev-Halachev developed 2008 “Theory of generating of crises “ , 2010  “Theory and praxice of the Mafiotismus”  and 2001 “ Theory of the mafia”. Based on these two theories  this paper  explane   the establishment of the mafiotismus all over the world – principles, theory and praxis  in European Union , European Commission and  in the Republic Bulgaria
Creating Otherness
Authors: Pocė Gintarė , Ališauskienė Milda
Published: July 2018

This article contributes to the ongoing theoretical and empirical discussions within the studies of media and religion on the interaction of these social institutions in contemporary society. Firstly, we locate our research questions within the recent theoretical debates on relations between media and religion in contemporary society, the US, Western Europe and, particularly, postcommunist countries. Secondly, we discuss the representations of minority religions in Lithuanian media grounding on the empirical research of Lithuanian media in 2000-2012. Results of the empirical research showed that minority religions in Lithuanian media were represented mostly in a negative and scandalous context. The majority of articles contained various rhetorical strategies which strengthened the proposed viewpoints. Opinions of the members of minority religions, experts and society were the most common information source dealt with in the analysed articles.
Exes speak out, Narratives of apostasy
Authors: Pannofino Nicola , Cardano Mario
Published: July 2018

The paper presents a study of the trajectories of apostasy from three religious movements, Jehovah’s Witnesses, the Soka Gakkai Buddhist institute and the Church of Scientology, through the analysis of a body of autobiographical narratives posted online by Italian apostates. Even more than being the account of a past religious experience, these narratives are the last stage in the gradual articulation of a voice with which the disaffected believers publicly express a critical view of the organizations they have left, charging them with using practices of interdiction to prevent dissent by their members. The common theme that emerges from these stories is not the loss of faith, but the discovery of a hidden deception, the breach of the implicit pact of trust that bound the narrator to the religious group.
“We have even locked out the very Zeitgeist itself”
Authors: Rostad Aslak
Published: July 2018

This article analyses the discourse employed by Norwegian fraternal organizations, based on Hugh B. Urban’s postulate that secrecy is a strategy for ‘adornment’, i.e. conveying a special status to certain values and beliefs. The discourse is analysed in terms of the fraternities’ idea of reality, identity, and mission, and claims that these organizations regard themselves as defenders of society’s core values which they claim are threatened by moral corruption and decay.
Role of Conspiracy Mentality and Paranormal Beliefs in Predicting Conspiracy Beliefs Among Neopagans
Authors: Dyrendal Asbjørn , Kennair Leif , Lewis James
Published: July 2018

Recent studies on conspiracy thinking has concluded that the strongest predictor of the tendency towards conspiratorial thinking is a one-dimensional construct-conspiracy mentality-that is relatively stable over time and valid across cultures. Lantian et al. (2016) found that a single, elaborate question can work as a measure of conspiracy beliefs. We assess the validity of this question for an untypical, religious group: self-identified Neopagans. We also test some recent findings on the relation between conspiracy thinking and paranormal beliefs, attitudes towards group equality, political identification, age, gender, and education. The general patterns hold up well in our investigation, but there was a clear distinction between conspiracy theories about powerful actors and those about minorities. The single-item measure was the largest predictor of the former kind of conspiracy belief followed by level of paranormal beliefs. Anti-egalitarianism and holding a right-wing political identity were the strongest predictors of conspiracy beliefs about minorities. Education was negatively related to conspiracy beliefs of all kinds.
CRESCIMENTO DO FEIJÃO CAUPI FERTIRRIGADO COM URINA HUMANA COMO FONTE ALTERNATIVA DE FERTILIZANTE
Authors: Araújo Narcísio Cabral de , Gadelha Antonio José Ferreira , Bakker Alexandre Pereira de , Lima Vera Lucia Antunes de , Bandeira Francisco de Assis
Published: July 2018

O feijão-caupi é uma cultura muito importante para a agricultura brasileira, pois vem sendo bastante cultivado na região Nordeste do País, se destacando na ocupação de mão-de-obra e fazendo parte de produtos agrícola exportados pelo Brasil. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o crescimento inicial do feijão caupi fertirrigado com urina humana como fonte alternativa de fertilizante. No Campus I da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, foi instalado um experimento em ambiente protegido com delineamento inteiramente casualizado, composto por cinco tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram caracterizados por doses de 0, 8, 12, 16,6 e 22 mL de urina aplicada por vaso. Aos 36 DAS (dias após a semeadura) foram determinadas: altura da planta, diâmetro do caule, número de folhas, área foliar, massa seca total, massa seca da parte aérea e número de nódulos nas raízes da planta. Em conformidade com os resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que a fertirrigação do feijão caupi com urina humana proporcionou incremento na altura das plantas, área foliar, massa seca da parte aérea, massa seca total e que a urina humana apresentou potencialidade para uso na fertirrigação do feijão caupi.
ARTROPODOFAUNA DE SOLO ASSOCIADA À SERAPILHEIRA AO LONGO DE UM GRADIENTE TOPOGRÁFICO NA CHAPADA DOS GUIMARÃES, MATO GROSSO, BRASIL
Authors: Mello Michelly Rosa , Massoli Edson Viana , Alves Maryléa Souza
Published: July 2018

Na serapilheira, a comunidade de artrópodes depende de fatores como o tipo de cobertura vegetal, o tipo de solo, o clima local e a diversidade de micro habitats. Esses fatores podem ser influenciados por diferentes variáveis ambientais. Sabendo-se que a serapilheira é o principal nutriente para a sobrevivência dos artrópodes e que a redução desta afetaria diretamente a diversidade de indivíduos, o objetivo deste trabalho foi inventariar a fauna de artrópodes relacionados à serapilheira ao longo do gradiente topográfico, analisando a influência das variáveis ambientais, na riqueza e abundância de indivíduos. As coletas foram realizadas na propriedade Chapada Aventura, Chapada dos Guimarães – MT, utilizando armadilhas de queda (pitfall). Posteriormente os espécimes coletados foram encaminhados ao Laboratório de Zoologia do UNIVAG Centro Universitário, Várzea Grande – MT, para a realização da triagem. O programa BioEstatc 5.0 foi utilizado para a análise da influência das variáveis ambientais sobre a comunidade. A ordem de maior representatividade foi Hymenoptera, totalizando 77,2% dos indivíduos coletados. Das variáveis analisadas, apenas o gradiente topográfico apresentou influência marginalmente significativa sobre a comunidade de artrópodes. Possivelmente, um estudo mais aprofundado com análise de mais variáveis possa apresentar resultados mais relevantes para a consolidação das hipóteses levantadas nesta pesquisa.
A UNIVERSIDADE BRASILEIRA E AS POLÍTICAS DE EDUCAÇÃO SUPERIOR NO TERRITÓRIO IBERO-AMERICANO: AVANÇAMOS?
Authors: Canan Silvia Regina , Sudbrack Edite Maria
Published: July 2018

O artigo parte da perspectiva histórica, contextualizando a universidade brasileira até o momento contemporâneo, discutindo como se constituiu e os rumos que vêm se estabelecendo a partir da perspectiva neoliberal. Nesse particular, o modelo francês napoleônico, implantado no Brasil com a vinda da corte portuguesa, visando, principalmente, à formação profissional, aos poucos foi cedendo espaço, em algumas instituições, ao modelo humboldtiano, cujo principal objetivo era o desenvolvimento máximo da ciência. O fato de a Universidade estar imersa em um processo histórico atravessado por contradições, faz com que traga as marcas dos diferentes tempos. Na perspectiva aqui posta, ao término da segunda guerra mundial passamos a assistir o surgimento de um novo modelo de universidade, motivado pelas tecnologias e pelo processo de globalização econômica, que é o modelo norte-americano, que invade a educação superior de muitos países, dentre eles o Brasil. No espaço europeu, a Declaração de Bolonha vem selar um novo modelo de universidade que também insere as universidades europeias no processo de globalização tendo dentre suas prioridades o aumento da competitividade. Essas mudanças influenciam de forma direta a formação profissional no sentido amplo e a formação de professores no sentido estrito. Ao vislumbrarmos esse panorama nos questionamos: quais os rumos da educação brasileira? Por onde poderemos andar? Como serão traçadas as políticas para a Educação Superior? Como vamos superar ou avançar em relação ao processo de mercantilização do ensino e da pesquisa na universidade? São questões postas neste artigo que têm servido de pano de fundo às reflexões aqui apresentadas.
RECUPERAÇÃO DE COBRE A PARTIR DE RESÍDUOS GERADOS NAS AULAS PRÁTICAS DE QUÍMICA NO ENSINO MÉDIO
Authors: Queiroga Jackson de Sousa , Barbalho Bruno Castro
Published: July 2018

A atualização sobre métodos alternativos de ensino é importante para desenvolver aulas com responsabilidade ambiental e aprendizagens mais concretas da ciência, visando não apenas alcançar uma pontuação mínima exigida pela escola, mas que os conteúdos possam ser compreendidos pelos alunos de maneira concreta e construtiva. Com isso, o presente trabalho buscou contextualizar, o tratamento de resíduos contendo cobre, produzidos em laboratório, com o ensino do conteúdo de reações químicas e soluções. Inicialmente, foi obtido o resíduo proveniente das aulas práticas de preparo e diluição de soluções e, em seguida, o resíduo foi submetido a um método para recuperação de cobre durante a abordagem sobre reações químicas, promovendo uma conjuntura de renovação. As aulas foram realizadas no laboratório de físico-química do IFRN – Campus Pau dos Ferros, com alunos do 2º ano do ensino médio, da Escola Estadual José Fernandes de Melo de Pau dos Ferros-RN. No experimento de recuperação do cobre, o resíduo possuía uma concentração inicial de cobre de 24.969 mg/L que reduziu para 107 mg/L após o tratamento, alcançando uma recuperação de 99,5% do cobre existente no resíduo líquido. As aulas práticas foram analisadas de forma qualitativa, e os resultados mostraram que o uso da metodologia experimental pode ser uma ferramenta importante para o processo de produção do conhecimento e para o aprendizado com mais significado para os alunos.
Editorial
Authors: Toledo Torres Mario
Published: July 2018

En la actual sociedad globalizada el conocimiento se constituye en el elemento fundamental de las economías dinámicas y en crecimiento donde el cambio tecnológico y la innovación son sus motores, en tanto vayan acompañados de una mayor disponibilidad de capital humano calificado y avanzado. La creación de conocimiento, las capacidades de investigación, desarrollo e innovación (I+D+i), y los nuevos productos y procesos, contribuyen a la evolución de las economías basadas en el conocimiento, atendiendo las necesidades del desarrollo productivo y social, e incidiendo en la competitividad de los países.
Cuantificación del potencial energético undimotriz en las costas del Caribe colombiano
Authors: Pérez Zapata Jaime , Becerra Colpas Wilson
Published: July 2018

En este documento se describen los avances en la cuantificación de la energía de las olas de la costa caribeña colombiana. La metodología utilizada servirá como punto de partida para establecer el potencial energético en Colombia para este tipo de suministro energético. En la actualidad, el potencial energético teórico estimado en las ondas de la costa cercana en la costa atlántica es de aproximadamente 1107 MW y esto fue posible con datos que se han recogido y procesado desde enero de 2014. Las ecuaciones que tienen en cuenta variables tales como: la densidad del agua de mar, la temperatura y la velocidad del viento en la zona. También muestra el progreso del diseño del sistema Near Shore para la verificación del potencial de energía de las olas que consiste en un dispositivo que transforma la energía cinética de las ondas del mar en energía potencial gravitacional que se va a usar para mover un generador de corriente alterna.
Análisis neotectónico de la falla río seco, ciudad de Valledupar, Cesar
Authors: Teheran Ochoa Kandy Manuela , Tapia Vela Luis Carlos
Published: July 2018

Objetivo: analizar  neotectónicamente  la falla del  río seco, En la ciudad de Valledupar. Metodología: para determinar si la actividad sísmica reciente se relaciona con dicha falla, se realizó una identificación, clasificación y análisis de rasgos morfotectónicos del trazo de la misma en depósitos recientes. Haciendo uso de fotografías aéreas e imágenes satelitales. Resultados: análisis de las diferentes expresiones morfotectónicas en los depósitos recientes, lo que permitió plantear el trazo de la falla sobre el cuaternario, y en la fase de campo se determinaron algunas características cinemáticas, comprobando los cambios morfológicos producidos, tales como ríos deflactados, laguna de inundación, manantiales y discontinuidades como diaclasas. Conclusiones: estos cambios indicaron que la Falla Rio Seco tiene actividad reciente y está afectando los depósitos cuaternarios. Además, se estableció que la falla continúa con su orientación NEE hasta la cuenca Cesar-Ranchería. Se concluyó que la Falla Río Seco tiene actividad reciente y constituye una amenaza significativa para la ciudad.
ÇOCUK VE ERGENLERİN OKUL DIŞI ZAMANLARDA SPOR AKTİVİTELERİNE KATILIMI
Authors: ÖZDOĞRU Asil Ali
Published: July 2018

Okul dışı zaman, aile
ve okula ek olarak çocuk ve ergen gelişiminin temel bağlamlarından birini
oluşturur. Okul dışı zamanlardaki spor aktiviteleri, çocukların fiziksel,
bilişsel ve sosyoduygusal gelişimlerine olumlu katkılar sunabilmektedir. Bu
çalışmada spora katılımın çocuk ve ergenlerin gelişimlerine etkileri,
Türkiye’de öğrencilerin okul dışı zamanlarda spora katılım düzeyleri ve
katılımı etkileyen faktörler alanyazın incelemesi yoluyla gözden geçirilmiştir.
Yapılan araştırmalarda çocuk ve ergenlerin spor aktivitelerine katılımının,
normal fiziksel gelişimin sağlıklı şekilde sürdürebilmesi açısından gerekli
olduğu ve diğer gelişim alan ve dönemlerinin de katılımdan olumlu şekilde
etkilendiği belirlenmiştir. Hem yerel hem de uluslararası çalışmalarda, Türkiye’deki
öğrencilerin diğer ülkelerdeki yaşıtlarına kıyasla daha az oranda spora
katıldığı saptanmıştır. Türkiye’deki öğrencilerle yapılan çalışmalarda yaş,
cinsiyet ve sosyoekonomik düzey gibi bireysel değişkenler, motivasyon ve
beklentiler gibi psikolojik özellikler ile fiziki altyapı ve sosyal olanaklar
gibi çevresel faktörlerin katılımı etkileyebildiği görülmüştür. Genel olarak çocuk
ve ergenlerin okul dışı zamanlarda spor aktivitelerine katılmalarında, kişisel
tercih, bağlılık ve kalıtsal gelişimsel kapasite gibi bireysel etkenler ile
fırsat, deneyimler ve sosyal iklim gibi çevresel etkenlerin belirleyici rol
oynadığı belirtilmektedir. Sonuç olarak, spor aktivitelerine katılımı ve
devamlılığı sağlamak amacıyla gençlerin ihtiyaçlarına cevap verebilen
programlar yaratılması, spor yapmaya yönelten motivasyonların belirlenmesi ile
bilimsel ve uygulamaya dönük çalışmalar yapılması faydalı olacaktır.