bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Critical Thinking Competence and its Impact on Acquisition of Basic Principles of Enterpreneurship Among Business Students in Latvia
Authors: Linina Iveta , Vevere Velga
Published: September 2021

Critical thinking is mental process of analysis and evaluation of information. The source of information can be experience, reflection, observation, communication, etc., as well as study process. Business education is based on the ability to navigate the market situation and make informed decisions. The aim of the research is to determine correlation between business students information processing skills according to certain criteria and students’ self-evaluation of their information processing skills. Based on this, the authors of the investigation study the theoretical basis of critical thinking with the monographic or descriptive method, with the help of a questionnaire assess students' ability to critically evaluate the situation and make decisions based on it. This study will provide an understanding the need for critical thinking and its development in the process of business education. Two research questions are put forward: (1) What is the self-assessment of critical thinking skills by the business students? (2) What are the differences between the self-assessment and the assessment according to the proposed criteria? In the result, the authors conclude that by studying the importance of critical thinking in educating business students, it is possible to increase market understanding and decision-making competence for students. Critical thinking is the skills of business students to start a successful business.
Erosion Quantification and Management: Southeastern Nigeria Case Study
Authors: Chibuzor Okenmuo Frank
Published: September 2021

Soil erosion in Southeastern Nigeria is assuming an unusual dimension despite efforts by successive governments to control the phenomenon. Agronomic activities on eroding surfaces can give rise to landscapes much different from the original. Research activities in erosion quantification, the findings and how their applications have contributed to soil erosion management are highlighted. A key factor is the community efforts which have been relegated to a top-down approach occasioned by land use, land tenure and technological changes. The system is often a preventive management approach which achieves ecological and economic benefits. This chapter also discusses the indigenous methods of soil conservation and proposes their inclusions for sustainable management. To manage soil erosion in the region, emphasis must be placed on preventive management rather than crisis-management. Such approach will ensure that fewer resources are expended and land is appropriately conserved. To this end, soil can play its many environmental roles adequately.
Effectiveness and Stability of Treatment with Orthodontics Clear Aligners: What Evidence?
Authors: Sahim Soukaina , El Quars Farid
Published: September 2021

Clear aligners, as a transparent and removable appliance, offer an alternative to conventional fixed appliance to patients with high demands for esthetics and comfort. Only a few investigations have focused on the efficacy of clear aligner therapy in controlling orthodontic tooth movement. Furthermore, the stability after treatment has not been thoroughly investigated. The purpose of this chapter was to update the knowledge of the available evidence about effectiveness and stability of clear aligners in non-growing subjects. Searches was made in different databases from January 2015 to January 2021. Relevant articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected. The level of evidence of the studies was moderate. The vertical movements of tooth were difficult to accomplish. Mesiodistal tipping showed the most predictability (82.5%) followed by vestibulolingual tipping. Molar distalization was also recorded as the highest accuracy. Derotation was difficult to accomplish with aligners especially of rounded teeth. The effectiveness of aligners in achieving the simulated transverse goals was 45%. The stability of clear aligner therapy was assessed by only two studies. Refinements are likely needed in almost all cases and to ensure treatment stability a retention period using a specific protocol is necessary.
“Begotten” and “Created”. The Synod of Ancyra (358 C.E.) on the Perfect Birth of the Son of God
Authors: Fernández Samuel ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: September 2021

The present article seeks to reconstruct the Christological meaning of the verbs “creating” and “begetting” in the Synodical letter of Ancyra (358). In order to assess the teaching of this document, the first part of the article provides an overview of the Christological use of “creating” and “begetting” from the beginning of the Arian crisis up to the eve of the synod of Ancyra. The second part studies the verbs “creating” and “begetting” in the Letter of Ancyra. The synodical document makes an original and significant theological effort, purifying and complementing both the notion of “creation” (Prv 8:22) and “generation” (Prv 8:25), in order to grasp the perfect notion of the eternal birth of the Son. This understanding is confirmed by Hilary of Poitiers.
Hippolytus. In Canticum II,3 (CPG 1871): las dos alianzas. Nota filológica
Authors: de Navascués P. , Outtier B. ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: September 2021

In Hippolytus, in Cant. II, 3 we find the Georgian term შჯულ-ი (šǯul-i) several times. G. Garitte rendered it in his Latin translation always as lex, causing quite a bit of obscurity in Hippolytus’ lines. The solution appears when we recognize that it can be traced both to the Greek νόμος and to διαϑήκη. If we take this into account, the text now flows harmoniously with other passages in the works of Hippolytus and with the literal tenor of the terms chosen by the Greek epitomist from the Interpretatio Cantici canticorum of Hippolytus.
Sana oculos meos
Authors: Rehman Rashad ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: September 2021

Augustine’s commentary on Alypius’ curiositas at the gladiatorial show (6, 8, 13) recounts one of the most well-known stories in Augustine’s Confessiones. Despite the various interpretations or explications of the story in Augustinian scholarship, this paper argues that the story centres around Alypius’ curiositas as a function of Alypius’ preceding, morally deficient character. The author provides a fourfold, cumulative and philological case for this thesis. He develops this case by means of four evidences. First, Augustine uses the phraseology of animus forti temperantia (6, 7, 12), the virtuous character describing Alypius when he had overcome his love of the gladiatorial games. Second, Augustine distinguishes between “supreme” and “a surface level” virtue, the existence of which is best explained by its application in Augustine’s remark that Alypius had been audax rather than fortis. Third, Augustine uses the language of talis in reference to Alypius, a term describing sorts or kinds of things or persons; in this context, this is the language of character. Finally, Augustine’s use of adhuc implies that there is a type of character Alypius had been, the remedy of which was to acquire an animus forti temperantia. The author then argues that Augustine envisions that the healing of curiositas (as a vice) is from God, especially when a virtuous character – the means by which one is able to overcome curiositas – itself is articulated as a gift of God’s grace. The response to such healing, then, is gratitude. The author concludes that this paper contributes both to a more comprehensive interpretation of the Alypius narrative (6, 8, 13) as well as contemporary scholarship on Augustine’s relation to (psychotherapeutic) healing.
Augustine on the Rich Man and Lazarus (Lk 16:19-31)
Authors: Dunn Geoffrey D. ,   Instituto Patristico Augustinianum
Published: September 2021

Augustine’s interpretation of the parable of the rich man and Lazarus from Lk 16 shows how much the parables of Jesus are open to a variety of interpretations and applications depending upon which part of the parable is emphasised. In Augustine’s writings the second part of the parable only is commented upon (the exception being ep. 157) to illustrate points about the afterlife and the fate of the soul. However, in his homilies we find him engaging with both sections of the parable (this life and the afterlife). We can note the dexterity with which Augustine handled diverse themes in the parable by selectively emphasising either the fate of the rich man in this life or the next or the fate of Lazarus in this life or the next. From these different perspectives Augustine could deal with questions of wealth and poverty either materially or spiritually. This research supports the notion that whatever Augustine had to say about almsgiving is to be understood within a soteriological context to urge his congregation to be rich in humility and poor in pride.
Memory, History, Forgiveness
Authors: Ricoeur Paul , Antohi Serin ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

This dialogue between Paul Ricoeur and Sorin Antohi took place in Budapest on March 10, 2003 at Pasts, Inc., Center for Historical Studies, which is affiliated with Central European University (CEU). Ricoeur was the honorary president of Pasts, Inc., and its spiritus rector. On March 8, he had given a lecture on "History, Memory, and Forgetting" in the context of an international conference entitled "Haunting Memories? History in Europe after Authoritarianism," and organized by Pasts Inc. and the Körber Foundation. On March 9, Ricoeur had received the first Honoris Causa doctorate ever granted by CEU. Ricoeur had already visited Hungary in 1933. At the time, he was participating in a Boy Scouts European jamboree at Gödöllö (where he also saw Horthy on his white horse). After WWII, he went back to Hungary to meet with Lukács. Mona Antohi has transcribed and edited the recording of the dialogue. The two interlocutors have then made some minor revisions. The original text, in French, is available on the website of Pasts, Inc. (www.ceu.hu/pasts). This English version, translated and annotated by Gil Anidjar, will be included in Sorin Antohi's book, Talking History. Making Sense of Pasts, forthcoming in 2006 from CEU Press. His own Romanian translation of the dialogue was published in the Iasi-based journal, Xenopoliana (3-4, 2004), as was the Hungarian translation by Réka Toth, which appeared in the Budapest-based journal, 2000 (November-December 2003).
Goethe's Way of Science as a Phenomenology of Nature
Authors: Seamon David ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

In this article, I argue that Goethe's way of science, understood as a phenomenology of nature, might be one valuable means for fostering a deeper sense of responsibility and care for the natural world. By providing a conceptual and lived means to allow the natural world to present itself in a way by which it might speak if it were able, Goethe's method offers one conceptual and applied means to bypass the reductive accounts of nature typically produced by standard scientific and humanist perspectives. I illustrate this possibility largely through examples from Goethe's Theory of Color (1810).
New Organs of Perception
Authors: Robbins Brent Dean ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's approach to science is a radical departure from the Cartesian-Newtonian scientific framework and offers contemporary science a pathway toward the cultivation of an alternative approach to the study of the natural world. This paper argues that the Cartesian-Newtonian pathway is pathological because it has as its premise humanity's alienation from the natural world, which sets up a host of consequences that terminate in nihilism. As an alternative approach to science, Goethe's "delicate empiricism" begins with the premise that humanity is fundamentally at home in the world: a notion which forms the basis for a Goethean science that gives primacy to perception, offers a more organic and holistic conception of the universe, and has as its goal the cultivation of aesthetic appreciation and morally responsive obligation to the observed. As an antidote to nihilism and as the basis for a more fulfilling and morally responsive science, Goethean science may serve as a kind of cultural therapeutics, a project which is necessarily interdisciplinary since it requires the integration of multiple ways of seeing from the natural sciences, the human sciences, and the humanities.
Goethe and the Refiguring of Intellectual Inquiry
Authors: Shotter John ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

Central to the paper below, is an emphasis on the spontaneously responsive nature of our living bodies, and on the special intertwined, dialogic, or chiasmic nature of events that can occur only in our meetings with others and otherness around us. As participants in such meetings, immediately responsive 'withness-understandings' become available to us that are quite different to the 'aboutness-understandings' we arrive at as disengaged, intellectual spectators. I argue that Goethe's "delicate empiricism", far from being an arcane form of understanding, is a deliberately extended version of this kind of withness-understanding — an anticipatory form of practical understanding that gives us a direct sense of how, in Wittgenstein's (1953) terms, to 'go on' with the others and othernesses around us in our daily lives.
Goethe, Husserl, and the Crisis of the European Sciences
Authors: Simms Eva-Maria ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

Goethe belongs to the phenomenological tradition for a number of reasons: He shared Husserl's deep mistrust of the mathematization of the natural world and the ensuing loss of the qualitative dimension of human existence; he understood that the phenomenological observer must free him/herself from sedimented cultural prejudices, a process which Husserl called the epoche; he experienced and articulated the new and surprising fullness of the world as it reveals itself to the patient and participatory phenomenological observer. Goethe's phenomenological sensibilities and insights become more apparent when his work is brought into dialogue with Husserl's thinking. In turn Goethe challenges Husserlian phenomenology to a more careful investigation of the natural world and human participation within its order. Both Goethe and Husserl are searching for a science of the qualitative dimension of being.
“A Nation That Isn’t Broken but Simply Unfinished”
Authors: Burnett Ipek S. ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

On January 20, 2021 during the U.S. presidential inauguration, National Youth Poet Laureate Amanda Gorman read a poem in which she referenced the insurrection that took place two weeks before, when right-wing rioters stormed the U.S. Capitol Building to interrupt the confirmation of the new United States president. Gorman avowed “while democracy can be periodically delayed, it can never be permanently defeated.” This suggestion that a democracy can be periodically delayed prompts important questions regarding democracy in the United States. The idea that democracy is a work-in-progress challenges the United States’ self-image as a realized democratic state. Furthermore, it calls into question the United States’ self-acclaimed role as an advocate and missionary spreading democracy around the world. Seeing through these dominant self-narratives offers an opportunity for critical reflection to consider the undemocratic foundations on which the United States has been built. In this spirit, Gorman’s poem urges the nation to face its history, ask difficult questions, and acknowledge the gaps between the ideal and reality to heal divisions and create a legacy of resilience and justice. It counters the nationalistic rhetoric of pride and power with a firm stance of humility and, ultimately, radical hope.
Creolizing Theory in Conversation with Theorizing Race in the Americas
Authors: Hooker Juliet ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: September 2021

This review essay situates Jane Anna Gordon’s in light of methodological debates about the nature and role of “comparison.” Gordon repurposes the concept of “creolization” as a means for political theory to grapple with heterogeneity and mixture, not as discrete sets of thinkers and traditions, but as co-constituting. Gordon’s use of creolizing is then read alongside Hooker’s concept of juxtaposition as an alternative to comparison.
A review of Paratranes Zimmerman, 1994, Xanthorrhoea-associated weevils of the Tranes group (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Molytinae), with description of a new species
Authors: Hsiao Yun , Oberprieler Rolf G.
Published: September 2021

Grasstrees (Xanthorrhoea) are a group of monocotyledonous plants endemic to Australia, with a characteristic crown of long and narrow leaves. In the present study, the grasstree-associated weevils of the genus Paratranes Zimmerman, 1994 are reviewed and two species are recognised: P. monopticus (Pascoe, 1870) and P. zimmermani sp. nov. A lectotype for Tranes xanthorrhoeae Lea, 1898, which was recently synonymised with P. monopticus, is herein designated, and the validity of this synonymy is confirmed. Descriptions and diagnoses of the species are supplemented with photographs of their habitus and salient structures as well as a map of their distributions.
ДИСКРЕТНАЯ МАТЕМАТИКА
Authors:   Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта, Белова О.О.
Published: September 2021

Содержит изложение теории множеств, графов, конечных автоматов, приложения теории графов, основных комбинаторных методов и их применения в решении экстремальных задач. Включает информацию об ученых, которые внесли вклад в развитие дискретной математики. Предназначено для студентов математических и физико-технических специальностей университетов, преподавателей вузов. Подготовлено в соответствии с государственным стандартом на основе опыта чтения лекций в БФУ им. И. Канта.
Direct-to-implant breast reconstruction following nipple-sparing mastectomy: predictive factors of adverse surgical outcomes in Asian patients
Authors: Su Chun-Lin , Yang Jia-Ruei , Kuo Wen-Ling , Chen Shin-Cheh , Cheong David Chon-Fok , Huang Jung-Ju
Published: September 2021

Background Direct-to-implant (DTI) breast reconstruction after nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM) with the use of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) provides reliable outcomes; however, the use of ADM is associated with a higher risk of complications. We analyzed our experiences of post-NSM DTI without ADM and identified the predictive factors of adverse surgical outcomes.

Methods Patients who underwent NSM and immediate DTI or two-stage tissue expander (TE) breast reconstruction from 2009 to 2020 were enrolled. Predictors of adverse endpoints were analyzed.

Results There were 100 DTI and 29 TE reconstructions. The TE group had a higher rate of postmastectomy radiotherapy (31% vs. 11%; P=0.009), larger specimens (317.37±176.42 g vs. 272.08±126.33 g; P=0.047), larger implants (360.84±85.19 g vs. 298.83±81.13 g; P=0.004) and a higher implant/TE exposure ratio (10.3% vs. 1%; P=0.035). In DTI reconstruction, age over 50 years (odds ratio [OR], 5.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.50–19.74; P=0.010) and a larger mastectomy weight (OR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.08–2.51; P=0.021) were associated with a higher risk of acute complications. Intraoperative radiotherapy for the nipple-areolar complex increased the risk of acute complications (OR, 4.05; 95% CI, 1.07–15.27; P=0.039) and the likelihood of revision surgery (OR, 5.57; 95% CI, 1.25–24.93; P=0.025).

Conclusions Immediate DTI breast reconstruction following NSM is feasible in Asian patients with smaller breasts.
Sternal defect reconstruction using a double-barrel vascularized free fibula flap: a case report
Authors: Gravina Paula Rocha , Chang Daniel K. , Mentz James A. , Dibbs Rami Paul , Maricevich Marco
Published: September 2021

Total and subtotal sternectomy oncological defects can result in large deficits in the chest wall, disrupting the biomechanics of respiration. Reviewing the current literature involving respiratory function and rib motion after sternectomy, autologous rigid reconstruction was determined to provide the optimal reconstructive option. We describe a novel technique for sternal defect reconstruction utilizing a double-barrel, longitudinally oriented, vascularized free fibula flap associated with rib titanium plates fixation. Our reconstructive approach was able to deliver a physiological reconstruction, providing rigid support and protection while allowing articulation with adjacent ribs and preservation of chest wall mechanics.
Ecocuentos musicales cooperativos para la formación artística del profesorado de Infantil
Authors: Díaz González Diana , González Roldán Raquel
Published: September 2021

El trabajo en equipo es una competencia fundamental en la formación del alumnado universitario en el ámbito del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior, para un aprendizaje activo y significativo del estudiante, teniendo en cuenta el desarrollo de habilidades personales mientras se motiva el aprendizaje con una organización de grupo cooperativo más eficaz. En este artículo proponemos un plan estructurado para la implementación del aprendizaje cooperativo en una experiencia de proyecto dirigido al alumnado de Primer Curso del Grado en Educación Infantil. Se trata de un proyecto de innovación que vincula las asignaturas de educación artística, de manera que se valora la interdisciplinariedad para conectar el desarrollo de la expresión musical y plástica, a través de la elaboración de ecocuentos musicales por equipos. En la planificación del curso se exponen además las adaptaciones para la enseñanza no presencial, en la última fase de proyecto, durante el confinamiento a causa del Covid-19.

En este proyecto nos planteamos identificar las habilidades y prácticas del alumnado en las que debe insistirse para desarrollar de manera eficaz el trabajo en equipo. Consideramos profundizar en la experiencia del alumnado en los equipos. Para ello proponemos un plan de evaluación que permitiese seguir las prácticas y comportamiento del alumnado en los equipos, para fundamentar luego sus percepciones, basadas en su experiencia en el aprendizaje cooperativo. Realizamos así una investigación cuanti-cualitativa, descriptiva interpretativa; en la que empleamos cuestionarios de autoevaluación del alumnado para la recogida de datos en diferentes fases de la implementación de la metodología.

Con las producciones infantiles de temática medioambiental colaboramos en la sensibilización hacia los problemas ambientales, conectando diferentes comunidades educativas. En tiempos de crisis sanitaria aportamos esta propuesta creativa, de manera que involucramos a centros y familias utilizando el medio virtual, poniendo en valor el arte en la educación.
La relación profesor-alumno y la influencia de la escuela a través de los profesores de saxofón del Conservatorio de París y sus aportaciones pedagógicas.
Authors: Escorihuela Carbonell Guillem , Quintana Bea Javier
Published: September 2021

La invención del saxofón trajo consigo la necesidad de asentar unas bases con el fin de enseñar a interpretar este joven instrumento. Fue el propio inventor, Adolphe Sax, quien comenzó a difundirlo, pero el legado de propagar su enseñanza recayó sobre Marcel Mule. Este se convirtió en el primer profesor de saxofón del Conservatorio de París, institución donde el instrumento se integró por primera vez con un carácter permanente en 1942. Así, Mule estableció una metodología de la enseñanza sin precedentes que originó la fundamentación de la escuela francesa del saxofón. Este sistema de enseñanza fue transmitido de alumno en alumno, pasando por Daniel Deffayet y llegando hasta Claude Delangle, actual profesor del conservatorio.

Este estudio pretende aportar a la comunidad académico-científica un seguimiento de la evolución de esta escuela a través de su metodología de la enseñanza. Asimismo, se pretende acotar la importancia de la relación profesor-alumno establecida entre los tres profesores para comprender mejor la continuidad producida en el sistema pedagógico, todo ello atendiendo a los aspectos básicos de sus enseñanzas. La metodología de nuestra investigación se centra en herramientas de cariz cualitativo, tomando especial relevancia la entrevista realizada con el actual adalid de la escuela francesa del saxofón.
HISTORIANDO PARA DISEÑAR. Lab_DisMuseos: un laboratorio para el conocimiento de la historia del diseño en tiempos de covid-19
Authors: GARCÍA GONZÁLEZ Julia , Ríos Moyano Sonia
Published: September 2021

El presente trabajo es una experiencia llevada a cabo en la asignatura Desarrollo Histórico-Cultural del Diseño Industrial del título de Graduado/a en Ingeniería en Diseño Industrial y Desarrollo del Producto, Escuela de Ingenierías Industriales de la Universidad de Málaga, impartida de febrero a junio de 2020. Lab_disMuseos surgió de esa necesidad de readaptar las actividades formativas y metodologías ya existentes a otras en las que se priorizase plenamente la red como un espacio de búsqueda de información, de fuente de inspiración y de trabajo compartido y colaborativo. Además, se muestra con detalle la metodología utilizada, el proceso de trabajo, los resultados y las acciones de mejora planteadas para el curso académico 2020/2021.
Common Growth Patterns for Regional Social Networks: A Point Process Approach
Authors: Wang Tiandong , Resnick Sidney I.
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we study macroscopic growth dynamics of social network link formation. Rather than focusing on one particular dataset, we find invariant behavior in regional social networks that are geographically concentrated. Empirical findings suggest that the startup phase of a regional network can be modeled by a self-exciting point process. After the startup phase ends, the growth of the links can be modeled by a non-homogeneous Poisson process with a constant rate across the day but varying rates from day to day, plus a nightly inactive period when local users are expected to be asleep. Conclusions are drawn based on analyzing four different datasets, three of which are regional and a non-regional one is included for contrast.
L’analyse de construits au service de la persévérance
Authors: Lebel Christine , Bélair Louise M. , Descôteaux Mathieu
Published: September 2021

Cet article fait état d’un processus de recherche dynamique et contingent basé sur des actions collectives de la part du groupe de recherche et des enseignantes et enseignants impliqués dans un projet portant sur la persévérance dans l’enseignement, à l’aide de la démarche d’analyse de construits. Il nous est apparu important d’interroger la genèse de cette persévérance en rencontrant des enseignantes et des enseignants persévérants afin de mieux comprendre les raisons qui les incitent à rester dans le métier, de mieux cerner les traits communs qu’ils partagent avec des personnes résilientes et incidemment, afin de pouvoir réinvestir ces enseignements au sein des dispositifs d’insertion professionnelle. Deux questions sont soulevées : 1) Quels sont les facteurs de persévérance susceptibles de jouer un rôle capital en début de carrière? 2) Existe-t-il des facteurs de persévérance invariants au travers les diverses étapes professionnelles de la carrière? Par l’entremise de négociations et de confrontations entre individus, la démarche d’analyse de construits utilisée permet de mettre l’accent sur les dimensions tant cognitives qu’émotives, afin de faire émerger les composantes reliées au phénomène de la persévérance des enseignants. Les résultats discutés indiquent que l’élément le plus important est d’avoir de la confiance en soi et que tous les éléments qui s’illustrent sont d’abord en lien avec le savoir-être plutôt qu’avec le savoir-faire.
Modèle de réussite d’une communauté d’apprentissage professionnelle : la dynamique causale comme outil de dialogue et d’analyse
Authors: Leclerc Martine , Moreau André , Leclerc-Morin Mélanie
Published: September 2021

Dorénavant, l’école se doit de développer une culture nourrie par la collégialité de tous les acteurs qui amène la direction de l’école et les enseignants à oeuvrer ensemble comme collègues tout en cherchant à être apprenants les uns des autres dans l’amélioration de leur potentiel, voire du potentiel de l’équipe tout entière (Gather-Thurler, 2000). Cette équipe devrait fonctionner comme une communauté d’apprentissage où les membres apprennent les uns des autres et où le leadership est exercé à tour de rôle par les diverses personnes en tenant compte de leurs préoccupations à un moment donné. La question qui se pose est la suivante : comment peut-on favoriser un tel mode de fonctionnement? Cet article fait état d’une recherche où l’utilisation de la dynamique causale a servi à mieux définir les facteurs favorables à l’implantation réussie d’une communauté d’apprentissage professionnelle. Le groupe a identifié plusieurs facteurs qui ont été regroupés de la façon suivante : 1) le leadership de la direction d’école et des enseignants, 2) des attitudes positives pour travailler en collaboration telles que l’ouverture d’esprit, l’engagement, la volonté de partager ses connaissances, de s’entraider ainsi que de prendre des risques, l’humilité pour remettre en question le statut quo, le respect des autres, la confiance, 3) les ressources, 4) le temps pour discuter et échanger, 5) les données sur les résultats des élèves. Cet écrit fournit également aux directions d’école des occasions de réflexion sur la façon de transformer leur rôle pour laisser plus de place au dialogue collaboratif.
L’analyse de construits au service de la co-construction de sens chez les étudiants mentors
Authors: Philion Ruth
Published: September 2021

Cet article présente un référentiel de formation d’étudiants mentors ayant pris forme lors d’une recherche effectuée dans le cadre d’un programme universitaire de mentorat étudiant, mis sur pied à l’Université d’Ottawa. Pour élaborer ce référentiel, nous avons pris en compte les représentations de la première génération d’étudiants mentors ayant accompagné des étudiants durant une année académique. Les résultats démontrent l’importance de créer un espace réflexif où les mentors accompagnés de personnes-ressources analysent, comparent et révisent les modalités d’accompagnement qu’ils privilégient. Cette formation semble devoir s’inscrire dans la perspective socioconstructiviste de l’apprentissage avec, en toile de fond, une modélisation de l’accompagnement, effectuée par une pratique réflexive et un accompagnement métacognitif.
La recherche collaborative en milieu scolaire : un travail d’acculturation
Authors: Ducharme Daphne , Leblanc Raymond , Bourassa Michelle , Chevalier Jacques
Published: September 2021

Cet article raconte une expérience de recherche collaborative entre des enseignantes et enseignants de 1re et 2e année d’un conseil scolaire de langue française de la province de l’Ontario et des chercheurs universitaires. Le conseil offre une formation sur la conscience phonologique et la lecture à des enseignants et enseignantes de 1re et 2e année afin d’améliorer les résultats de lecture des élèves de ces classes. Des chercheurs de l’Université d’Ottawa sont invités à mener une recherche collaborative sur l’impact de la formation sur les pratiques pédagogiques en lecture de ces enseignantes et enseignants et sur leurs élèves. L’objectif de ce texte est de montrer de quelle manière des outils méthodologiques mobilisent une analyse et une interprétation collectives, faites par les enseignantes et les enseignants, de l’impact de la formation qu’ils ont vécue. Le texte examine en parallèle les impasses potentielles d’une recherche collaborative dans un milieu où la recherche de type traditionnel est davantage connue et attendue.
Réflexion sur l’épistémologie de la recherche en éducation à partir d’une étude dans le domaine des TIC avec une méthode collaborative
Authors: Davidson Ann-Louise
Published: September 2021

Cet article se veut surtout le bilan d’une réflexion générale sur l’épistémologie de la recherche en éducation, qui découle d’une étude spécifique sans en être un dérivé absolu. La première partie présente un segment des résultats d’une étude de cas se penchant sur le problème de l’intégration pédagogique des TIC, que j’ai menée avec des formateurs d’enseignants. La deuxième partie discute des résultats de cette recherche, sous l’angle de la méthodologie utilisée dans cette étude. Dans cette partie, les résultats issus d’un entretien semi-structuré et d’un entretien selon la méthode de l’analyse de construits permettent de comparer les deux méthodes de collecte de données. Le texte se termine avec la description d’une métaphore épistémologique dynamique, qui permet de créer une image de la construction mutuelle de la connaissance qui se produit dans l’interaction avec l’autre, cet autre qui m’oblige à réfléchir sur mon intervention, et que j’incite à se questionner sur ses pratiques.
Phenology of Pentaphylloides representatives in the Mari El Republic
Authors: Sukhareva Lyudmila Vitalievna , Mukhametova Svetlana Valer'evna , Zhelonkina Tat'yana Yur'evna
Published: September 2021

Representatives of the genus Pentaphylloides are low ornamental shrubs that are valued for long abundant flowering, compact size and unpretentiousness to growing conditions. P. fruticosa is a valuable plant that has not only decorative value, but also food, medicinal, soil protection. For medicinal purposes, young flowering shoots are used, harvested during budding and flowering. The article presents the results of phenological observations in 2018-2020. The objects of the study were plants of 8 kinds of Pentaphylloides in the collection of the Botanical Garden-Institute of Volga State University of Technology (Yoshkar-Ola, Mari El Republic). The studied plants undergo most phases of seasonal development, with the exception of the mass end of shoot growth, complete lignification of shoots, mass ripening of fruits, mass leaf fall. Species and cultivars vegetated from the end of April – the beginning of May to the end of October in a short time. The vegetation period was 177-182 days. There was no significant difference in the timing of the passage of phenophases between the taxa. Plants of Р. × friedrichsenii and P. mandschurica passed most of the phenophases earlier than the average dates for the genus, and 'Goldfinger' and 'Klondike' – later. The earliest and longest flowering was characterized by P. friedrichsenii (65 d.), the latest and shortest – P. fruticosa (28 d.). All plants of P. fruticosa cultivars bloomed for a longer period than the species. After mass flowering, single flowers were observed in representatives of Pentaphyloides until mid-October.
Infiltrados e invasores: uma perspectiva comparada sobre relações de classe no cinema brasileiro
Authors: Souto Mariana
Published: September 2021

A obra analisa as relações de classe em filmes brasileiros do período pós-retomada, entre ficções e documentários, realizando também aproximações com o cinema de outros tempos. Agrupados em pequenos conjuntos, filmes como “Que horas ela volta?”, “O som ao redor”, “Doméstica”, “Santiago” e “Um lugar ao sol” são colocados em diálogo numa perspectiva comparativa que oferece ao leitor um olhar crítico sobre tendências de nossa época. A partir da observação de aspectos formais, a autora avalia as tensões, os conflitos e os afetos entre personagens de classes distintas. O livro é fruto da pesquisa de doutorado de Mariana Souto, vencedora do Prêmio Capes de Teses em 2017.
Research on analogue of electromagnetically induced transparency effect based on asymmetric structure all-dielectric metamaterial
Authors: Zhang Yue-Bin , Ma Cheng-Ju , Zhang Yao , Jin Jia-Sheng , Bao Shi-Qian , Li Mi , Li Dong-Ming ,   School of Science, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an 710065, China
Published: September 2021

The electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT), which is a result of destructive interference between different excitation paths in a three-energy-level atomic medium, makes opaque probe light transparent over a range of frequencies. As this EIT effect is usually accompanied with strong dispersion, it has potential applications such as slow light propagation, optical buffering, nonlinear optics, optical sensing, etc. However, for conventional quantum EIT effect which requires stable gas lasers and low temperature environment, the implementation of EIT in chip-scale applications is severely hampered by the scathing experimental requirements. Recently, the EIT-like effect in metamaterials, which are constructed by designing the artificial subwavelength functional elements and arranging the spatial sequences, attracts tremendous attention because of its advantages, such as room temperature manipulability, large bandwidth, and small sizes. In addition, the high-quality factor(Q) value obtained by EIT-like effect has great significance in designing the metamaterial-based devices. In this paper, we design an EIT-like metamaterial with such a structure. The unit cell of the proposed metamaterial is constructed by two asymmetric silicon blocks embedded on a silicon dioxide substrate. Meanwhile, we analyze its optical properties and EIT-like effects by using three-dimension (3D) FDTD method. Based on the coupled Lorentz model, the EIT-like effect of the designed metamaterial is investigated. Then, by employing the electric field distribution on the surface of the metamaterial, and combining with the three-level atomic system, the mechanism of the EIT-like effect is analyzed in detail. We find that the EIT-like effect in the proposed metamaterial has high Q value (Q ≈ 8616) and the high transmission (T = 96%). By changing the length of the silicon block to destroy the asymmetry of the metamaterial structure, an active tuning EIT-like effect is realized. Furthermore, the metamaterial structure has the advantages of low loss, easy preparation, and active-controllability. This study represents an innovative approach to designing the EIT-like metamaterial, which is expected to be useful for designing active tunable slow-light devices and highly sensitive optical sensors.
A reduction in voluntary physical activity in early pregnancy in mice is mediated by prolactin
Authors: Ladyman Sharon R , Carter Kirsten M , Gillett Matt L , Aung Zin Khant , Grattan David R
Published: September 2021

As part of the maternal adaptations to pregnancy, mice show a rapid, profound reduction in voluntary running wheel activity (RWA) as soon as pregnancy is achieved. Here, we evaluate the hypothesis that prolactin, one of the first hormones to change secretion pattern following mating, is involved in driving this suppression of physical activity levels during pregnancy. We show that prolactin can acutely suppress RWA in non-pregnant female mice, and that conditional deletion of prolactin receptors (Prlr) from either most forebrain neurons or from GABA neurons prevented the early pregnancy-induced suppression of RWA. Deletion of Prlr specifically from the medial preoptic area, a brain region associated with multiple homeostatic and behavioral roles including parental behavior, completely abolished the early pregnancy-induced suppression of RWA. As pregnancy progresses, prolactin action continues to contribute to the further suppression of RWA, although it is not the only factor involved. Our data demonstrate a key role for prolactin in suppressing voluntary physical activity during early pregnancy, highlighting a novel biological basis for reduced physical activity in pregnancy.
An ensemble machine learning model based on multiple filtering and supervised attribute clustering algorithm for classifying cancer samples
Authors: Bose Shilpi , Das Chandra , Banerjee Abhik , Ghosh Kuntal , Chattopadhyay Matangini , Chattopadhyay Samiran , Barik Aishwarya
Published: September 2021

Background

Machine learning is one kind of machine intelligence technique that learns from data and detects inherent patterns from large, complex datasets. Due to this capability, machine learning techniques are widely used in medical applications, especially where large-scale genomic and proteomic data are used. Cancer classification based on bio-molecular profiling data is a very important topic for medical applications since it improves the diagnostic accuracy of cancer and enables a successful culmination of cancer treatments. Hence, machine learning techniques are widely used in cancer detection and prognosis.

Methods

In this article, a new ensemble machine learning classification model named Multiple Filtering and Supervised Attribute Clustering algorithm based Ensemble Classification model (MFSAC-EC) is proposed which can handle class imbalance problem and high dimensionality of microarray datasets. This model first generates a number of bootstrapped datasets from the original training data where the oversampling procedure is applied to handle the class imbalance problem. The proposed MFSAC method is then applied to each of these bootstrapped datasets to generate sub-datasets, each of which contains a subset of the most relevant/informative attributes of the original dataset. The MFSAC method is a feature selection technique combining multiple filters with a new supervised attribute clustering algorithm. Then for every sub-dataset, a base classifier is constructed separately, and finally, the predictive accuracy of these base classifiers is combined using the majority voting technique forming the MFSAC-based ensemble classifier. Also, a number of most informative attributes are selected as important features based on their frequency of occurrence in these sub-datasets.

Results

To assess the performance of the proposed MFSAC-EC model, it is applied on different high-dimensional microarray gene expression datasets for cancer sample classification. The proposed model is compared with well-known existing models to establish its effectiveness with respect to other models. From the experimental results, it has been found that the generalization performance/testing accuracy of the proposed classifier is significantly better compared to other well-known existing models. Apart from that, it has been also found that the proposed model can identify many important attributes/biomarker genes.
Urdu text in natural scene images: a new dataset and preliminary text detection
Authors: Ali Hazrat , Iqbal Khalid , Mujtaba Ghulam , Fayyaz Ahmad , Bulbul Mohammad Farhad , Karam Fazal Wahab , Zahir Ali
Published: September 2021

Text detection in natural scene images for content analysis is an interesting task. The research community has seen some great developments for English/Mandarin text detection. However, Urdu text extraction in natural scene images is a task not well addressed. In this work, firstly, a new dataset is introduced for Urdu text in natural scene images. The dataset comprises of 500 standalone images acquired from real scenes. Secondly, the channel enhanced Maximally Stable Extremal Region (MSER) method is applied to extract Urdu text regions as candidates in an image. Two-stage filtering mechanism is applied to eliminate non-candidate regions. In the first stage, text and noise are classified based on their geometric properties. In the second stage, a support vector machine classifier is trained to discard non-text candidate regions. After this, text candidate regions are linked using centroid-based vertical and horizontal distances. Text lines are further analyzed by a different classifier based on HOG features to remove non-text regions. Extensive experimentation is performed on the locally developed dataset to evaluate the performance. The experimental results show good performance on test set images. The dataset will be made available for research use. To the best of our knowledge, the work is the first of its kind for the Urdu language and would provide a good dataset for free research use and serve as a baseline performance on the task of Urdu text extraction.
DNMT family induces down-regulation of NDRG1 via DNA methylation and clinicopathological significance in gastric cancer
Authors: Chang Xiaojing , Ma Jinguo , Xue Xiaoying , Wang Guohui , Yan Tianfang , Su Linlin , Han Xuetao , Zhou Huandi , Hou Liubing
Published: September 2021

Background

Aberrant DNA methylation of tumor suppressor genes is a common event in the development and progression of gastric cancer (GC). Our previous study showed NDRG1, which could suppress cell invasion and migration, was frequently down-regulated by DNA methylation of its promoter in GC.

Purpose and Methods

To analyze the relationship between the expression and DNA methylation of NDRG1 and DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) family. We performed a comprehensive comparison analysis using 407 patients including sequencing analysis data of GC from TCGA.

Results

NDRG1 was down-regulated in GC, and was negatively correlative to DNMT1 (r = −0.11, p = 0.03), DNMT3A (r = −0.10, p = 0.01), DNMT3B (r = −0.01, p = 0.88), respectively, whereas the DNA methylation of NDRG1 was positively correlative to DNMT family (DNMT1 r = 0.20, p < 0.01; DNMT3A r = 0.26, p < 0.001; DNMT3B r = 0.03, p = 0.57, respectively). NDRG1 expression was significantly inverse correlated with invasion depth (p = 0.023), but DNMT1 was significantly positive correlated with invasion depth (p = 0.049). DNMT3B was significantly correlated with the degree of tumor cell differentiation (p = 0.030). However, there was no association between the expression of DNMT3A and clinicopathological features. The KM plotter showed that NDRG1 (HR = 0.95, 95% CI [0.8–1.12], p = 0.53) and DNMT1 (HR = 1.04, 95% CI [0.88–1.23], p = 0.67) had no association with prognosis of GC patients, while, DNMT3A (p = 0.0064) and DNMT3B (p = 0.00025) displayed significantly association. But the overall survival of high expression of NDRG1 tended to be prolonged.

Conclusion

These data suggest that down-regulation of NDRG1expression in GC may be due to its promoter DNA methylation via DNMT family. The demethylating agent maybe a potential target drug for GC patients.
Prospects of Livelihood Enhancement through SHGs in Fisheries Sector of Kashmir Region
Authors: Malik Rizwana , Kirmani Mudasir M.
Published: September 2021

The development of fishing community in general and fisherwoman community in particular has been the need of the hour in view of different developmental programmes initiated by governmental and non-governmental organization across the valley. The research work envisaging the applicability of self-help groups (SHGs) in fishing community was designed and undertaken suggest strategies for development of SHGs among fishers. The research study was carried out in Tailbal area of district Srinagar of Kashmir region in Jammu and Kashmir. The Tailbal area comprises of 200 fisher households having an approximate population of 1000 people. The sample used in the research work constituted of 100 fisherwomen and a pre-tested interview schedule was administered to get the responses from the respondents. During the course of study fisherwomen  were comprehensively interviewed  in order to get an insight into their interest and attitude towards formation of SHGs. The results revealed that the fisher women  had very less information about the SHGs and the benefits of forming SHGs. However, post awareness campaigns the fisherwomen community of the Tailbal area were motivated to be part of such groups in order to help the fisherwoman community in general and society in particular. The results also revealed that the fisherwomen had faith in governmental schemes because of the previous positive experiences so they felt that initiative like formation of SHGs can be of great help for them in overcoming the challenges at personal and professional front. Fisherwomen being very active and equal partners in fishing enterprise know the importance of saving money, securing loans and  thus majority of them showed their willingness to form the fisher SHGs.