bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Protective Efficacy of Chitosan Coupled Johne’s Disease Vaccine
Authors: Vasanthi B. , Pavithra S. , Vijayarani K. , Venkataramanan R. , Kumanan K.
Published: May 2021

Background: Johne’s disease (JD) is a chronic, economically important disease of domestic ruminants. Continuous efforts are being made to develop a potent vaccine for JD which confer a longer immunity. The present study was aimed at developing chitosan nanoparticles coupled JD vaccine and assess its efficacy. Methods: Potency of a heat killed, chitosan nanoparticle coupled JD vaccine developed with an Indian isolate of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (MAP) was tested in 107 goats. Pre and post immunization blood samples were collected at different time points and peripheral blood mononuclear cells were used for assessing IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-10 and IL-12 gene expressions. Immunized animals were challenged with a field isolate of MAP and the immune response was assessed. Result: Immunized goats were safe with no untoward reactions. Cytokine gene expression studies indicated a good Th1 response during 3-14 wk post immunization. The initial Th1 response was followed by a good Th2 response with a better IL-10 response than the IFN-γ and IL-2 responses in vaccinated animals at 23 wk PI. Both Th1 and Th2 responses were significantly higher in immunized animals at 23 and 34 weeks post challenge indicating a protective immune response.
Prospective Clinical Study on the Occurrence of Ovine Urolithiasis in Kashmir Valley of India
Authors: Firdous W. , Parrah J.D. , Bilal S. , Athar H. , Dar M.D. , Handoo N.
Published: May 2021

Background: The study was conducted on confirmed sheep patients suffering from complete retention of urine. Methods: A complete history regarding the age, breed and sex of the animal, castration, duration of illness, managemental practices, feeding habits of the animals, early signs of the disease, previous treatment, if any, were recorded. Result: An overall incidence of 27.11% of obstructive urolithiasis was recorded in sheep. All these cases were intact rams with different age groups, weights and of different breeds. Highest (78.68%) incidence of ovine obstructive urolithiasis was recorded during winter season. Young lambs of 2-6 months of age were found most affected with obstructive urolithiasis (31.14%). Cross bred Kashmir Merino was most affected followed by cross bred corridale (18.3%) and non descript local breeds of ovine (8.9%). The highest (60.65%) cases were brought to the clinics 48-96 hours after the onset of the disease. The cases from far flung areas and hilly terrain were usually received as late as 120-144 hours of illness. The losses could be averted to a great extent by apprising the farmers about the preventive measures of the disease and imparting them training about the balanced feeding and good managemental practices of sheep rearing.
Performance Evaluation, Genetic Parameter and Genetic Trend Estimation of Production and Reproduction Traits of Sahiwal Cattle in Chhattisgarh
Authors: Dash Soumya , Parveen Kaiser , Singh Mohan , Bharadwaj A. , Singh K.P. , Rahim Abdul
Published: May 2021

Background: Performance evaluation is necessary for formulation of suitable breeding plans for genetic improvement in a population. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the production, reproduction performances and estimate the genetic parameter and genetic trend on 649 lactation records of 238 Sahiwal cows at an organized farm in Chhattisgarh. Methods: The analysis was performed by using fixed model in LSML. Genetic trend for traits was estimated through linear regression of breeding values over the years. Result: Least-squares means for total lactation milk yield (TLMY), 305day or less milk yield (305DMY), lactation length (LL), dry period (DP) and peak yield (PY) were 1385.1±26.7 kg, 1331.4±23.6 kg, 291.0±3.7 days, 214.8±6.0 days, 7.5±0.1 kg, while for reproduction traits; age at first calving (AFC), service period (SP) and calving interval (CI), the means were 1522.8±19.1 days, 212.4±5.9 days and 498.3±6.0 days, respectively. All the traits were significantly influenced by period of calving/birth whereas season had significant effect only on PY. The highest heritability (0.29±0.05) was estimated for 305DMY and lowest (0.11±0.07) for SP in Sahiwal cows. Very high and positive genetic correlations was found among production traits. The first lactation 305DMY showed positive genetic trend, while LL, DP, SP and CI showed a negative genetic trend.
Edible Coatings in Extending the Shelf Life of Fruits: A Review
Authors: Hazarika T.K. , Lalhriatpuia C. , Ngurthankhumi Rody , Lalruatsangi Esther , Lalhmachhuani H.
Published: May 2021

Post-harvest losses of fruits are a matter of concern for all those nations whose economy is based on horticulture. Fruits face tremendous loss due to old-fashioned preservation practice and ignorance about the preservation strategies. Consumers around the world demand for food of high-quality, without chemical preservatives and an extended shelf life. New technological advances in edible coatings for food may hold promise in extending shelf life, reducing packaging layers, meeting food safety and quality requirements. Among various coatings, edible coatings have been proven one of the best biologically safe preservative coatings for different types of foods because of its film-forming properties, antimicrobial actions, bio degradability and biochemical properties. It acts as a natural barrier to moisture and oxygen, which are the main agents of deterioration of fruits and vegetables. Edible coatings have the ability to prolong shelf life of the fruits by minimizing the rate of respiration and maintaining quality attributes. It has antifungal and antibacterial properties which provide a defensive barrier against microbial contamination. The present review describes about the different edible coatings and their potential application for enhancing the postharvest life and quality of different types of fruits.
Arafta Bir Yaşam: Kemik İliği Nakli Olan Bir Çocuğun Annesi Olmak
Authors: ENGİN Esra , ÇAM Mahire Olcay , DEMİRKOL Hacer
Published: May 2021

Kemik iliği nakli çocuklarda başlıca hematolojik malignansi, immun yetmezlik ve kemik iliği yetmezliği gibi morbidite ve mortalite oranı oldukça yüksek hastalıklarda kullanılan bir tedavi yöntemidir. Kemik iliği nakli bu hastalıkların tedavisinde başarı şansını artırmasına ve yaşam süresini uzatmasına karşın, bazı sistemik komplikasyonları da beraberinde getirmektedir. Çocuk için oldukça zor olan bu süreçte en çok etkilenen aile bireyinin ise genellikle anne olduğu bildirilmektedir. Uzun süre özenli bakım verme annede bakım yükü oluşturmaktadır. Ayrıca nakilin başarılı olup olmayacağı, hastalığın tekrarlaması, çocuğu kaybetme, kayıptan sonra yaşamın nasıl devam edeceği gibi düşünceler annede belirsizliğe, ayrılık anksiyetesine ve varoluşsal kaygılara neden olmaktadır. Çocuğu kemik iliği nakli olan annelerde depresyon, anksiyete bozukluğu ve post travmatik stres bozukluğu gibi psikiyatrik bozuklukların oldukça sık görüldüğü bildirilmektedir. Hem çocuk hem de anne için travmatik olan bu süreçte primer tedavi ekibi ile birlikte Konsültasyon Liyezon Psikiyatrisi (KLP) hemşiresinin rolü önemlidir. Bu sebeple bu derleme, çocuğu kemik iliği nakli olmuş annelerin deneyimlerini, yaşadığı çok boyutlu sorunlarını açıklamak ve bu süreçte KLP hemşiresinin rolünü tanımlamak amacıyla yazılmıştır.
Mizofoni: Bir Gözden Geçirme
Authors: YILMAZ Yavuz , HOCAOGLU Cicek
Published: May 2021

Mizofoni, diğer insanların oluşturduğu günlük seslere ve bazen hayvan seslerine orantısız şekilde duygusal tepki vermek olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Kişilerin mesleki ve sosyal işlevselliklerini bozabilecek kadar şiddetli olabilir. Hastalığın risk faktörleri ve etiyolojisi tam olarak bilinmemektedir. Bazı nörogelişimsel hastalıklar ve psikiyatrik bozukluklarla birlikte görülebilmektedir. Amsterdam Mizofoni Ölçeği ve Mizofoni Ölçeği mizofoniyi değerlendirmek için geliştirilmiş ölçeklerdir. Tanı kriteleri tam olarak belirlenmemiştir ve güncel tanı sınıflamalarında yer almamaktadır. Tedavisinde, bilişsel davranışçı terapi, farkındalık (mindfullnes), diyalektik davranış terapisi ve maruz bırakma gibi yöntemler kullanılmakta olup belirli bir farmakolojik tedavi tanımlanmamıştır.
Advances in understanding the nutritional value of antioxidants in wheat
Authors:   University of Manitoba, Canada, Apea-Bah Franklin Brian , Beta Trust ,   University of Manitoba, Canada
Published: May 2021

Whole grain wheat has a diverse supply of hydrophilic and lipophilic antioxidants which include phenolic compounds (phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins which are present only in pigmented wheat, alkylresorcinols, and to a lesser extent proanthocyanidins), carotenoids (mainly lutein and zeaxanthin) and tocochromanols (α, β, γ and δ - tocopherols and tocotrienols). This diversity of antioxidants function to protect consumers from radical-induced oxidative damage caused by various free radicals produced endogenously from metabolic processes and exogenously from sunlight and other chemicals and environmental pollutants. They also chelate metal ions which could catalyze oxidation reactions in the physiological system, thereby providing antioxidant protection. However, phenolic compounds might exert pro-oxidant effect when bound to heavy metal ions. This effect could be prevented by the diverse antioxidant system in wheat.
Advances in understanding the genetics of the nutritional properties of cereals: maize and oat proteins
Authors:   Pee Dee Research and Education Center, Clemson University, USA, Rustgi Sachin , Naveed Salman ,   Pee Dee Research and Education Center, Clemson University, USA, Shekar Prasanna ,   Pee Dee Research and Education Center, Clemson University, USA
Published: May 2021

This chapter reviews advances in understanding the genetics of the nutritional properties of cereals, particularly focusing on maize and oat proteins. It covers the genetics of maize and oat nutritional properties and the progress that has been made in terms of quality and the importance of these grains as macro- and micro-nutrients in humans.
The Comparison of Prediction Model of Lowering Rate Road Surface Damage Between RCI and SDI Method in Lumajang Regency
Authors: Afandi Yulianata Halim , Koesoemawati Dewi Junita , Hasanuddin Akhmad
Published: May 2021

Sand mining was a non-metal mineral commodity which had very good quantity and quality for building materials in Lumajang district. It was found in lava routes or large rivers in the Pasirian sub-district at Lumajang district. The location of sand material was in a river that passes through the regency road. This result was in many road damage in the district area. The efforts to overcome the damage that often occurs on roads in Pasirian sub-district included road improvement activities supported by road surface surveys using the RCI method which has been used in reporting basic road conditions. This study aim conducted of comparing the RCI survey method and predicting a decline in the last 3 (three) years to 2021 with the SDI survey method in 2021. The value being compared was in good condition from the overall report. After predicting the reduction in road damage with the regression method from the survey results of road conditions in 2017 - 2020 with the RCI method, the equation Y = -11,807 x 2021 + 23868 has a prediction of a decrease of 6,053%. After carrying out a survey of road conditions used the SDI method in 2021 on district roads in the Pasirian sub-district. There was an 8% decrease in good conditions. On the road in the Pasirian regency area, the decrease in the condition of the road surface was due to one of the factors being the excessive traffic load (over loaded) which causes a steady condition of the sections around the sand mine in the Pasirian sub-district.
Atrizes negras amapaenses e o teatro negro em Macapá
Authors: Silva Emerson de Paula , Carvalho Adélia Aparecida da Silva , Silva Nelma  Socorro Lima da
Published: May 2021

O presente texto apresenta um relato da presença e importância do Teatro Negro Brasileiro na formação de graduandos em Teatro a partir de uma experiência realizada junto ao Curso de Teatro da Universidade Federal do Amapá. Busca-se apresentar as bases teóricas e metodológicas utilizadas/vivenciadas analisando o reflexo deste processo na efetivação de um currículo formativo descolonizado.
Teatro comunitário
Authors: Blanco Pedro García
Published: May 2021

O presente texto é uma transcrição da palestra realizada por Pedro García Blanco em 17 de novembro de 2020. Esta palestra fez parte do ciclo IA Convida, promovido pelo Instituto de Artes da UNICAMP dentro do projeto Renovagrad. Ela foi organizada e mediada pela Profa. Dra. Gina Monge Aguilar, e contou também com a mediação do doutorando Luis Eduardo Rodrigues Gasperin.
Uma estrela vermelha
Authors: Vicente Luciane da Silva
Published: May 2021

Uma estrela vermelha traz um estudo histórico-biográfico de Nadezhda Krupskaia, uma ativista da educação que atuou no processo revolucionário russo ao lado de Lenin. A autora discute diversos temas no livro. A força de uma mulher que se dedicou a uma vida de militância e viveu anos no exílio por suas publicações que instruíam a classe operária russa a lutar contra a exploração e opressão do capitalismo. A conexão com os trabalhadores, o trabalho em periódicos, o ativismo em prol de uma sociedade coletivista e solidária sob a perspectiva marxista. O pensamento vinculado aos direitos iguais, para ambos os sexos, independente de classe social em todas as esferas da sociedade. Uma proposta socialista de desenvolvimento integral do ser humano, alicerçada a uma educação emancipatória como elemento chave de transformação do mundo.
Olhares e contextos Cosmopolitas
Authors: Marzochi Samira Feldman
Published: May 2021

O presente dossiê, organizado pelo colega Luiz Henrique Passador, surgiu com a idéia do próprio Conselho Editorial de reunir trabalhos das áreas de sociologia, ciência política e antropologia dedicados ao estudo de situações “cosmopolitas”, entendidas como aquelas em que nacionalidade, cultura, natureza, gênero, religião etc., não podem ser definidos a partir das fronteiras sociais, culturais e políticas convencionais ou a partir das abordagens, há muito consagradas, das ciências humanas.
“Comer fora"
Authors: Collaço Janine Helfst Leicht
Published: May 2021

A crescente aquisição do hábito de “comer fora” no cotidiano da vida dos moradores dos centros urbanos, sobretudo nas últimas décadas, tem produzido modificações nas práticas alimentares, tema presente em minha pesquisa de mestrado e novamente abordado no trabalho atual em andamento. Tendo analisado o diálogo entre uma lógica comercial e uma lógica “nativa” presente no consumo alimentar, os dados atualmente analisados têm revelado extrema densidade e um vasto entrelaçamento entre dimensões e, desse modo, proponho neste texto analisar diversidade cultural e gastronomia presentes no epíteto da cidade de São Paulo, capital gastronômica, e sua influência nas escolhas alimentares, especialmente focalizando o hábito de tomar refeições fora de casa como atividade de lazer e descontração.
A participação brasileira na missão de observadores militares Equador-Peru – MOMEP (1995-1999)
Authors: Galastri Leandro de Oliveira
Published: May 2021

Formada por militares de Argentina, Brasil, Chile e Estados Unidos, a MOMEP exerceu suas atividades entre março de 1995 e junho de 1999, numa região fronteiriça entre Equador e Peru localizada no Vale do Rio Cenepa, na Cordilheira de Condor. Trata-se de uma região selvática, sobre a qual não havia até então acordo sobre demarcação de fronteiras, o que levou aqueles países à guerra no início de 1995. O objetivo da MOMEP foi promover e monitorar a separação das forças em litígio e a conseqüente consolidação do cessar-fogo necessário para o início e prosseguimento das conversações diplomáticas. Ela atuou também com os diplomatas dos respectivos países, em algumas capitais nas quais emitiu documentos sobre o andamento das negociações. A perspectiva deste trabalho é definida analiticamente sobretudo pela participação do Exército Brasileiro.
O casamento de Jakuí Kalapalo e Ayres Câmara Cunha
Authors: Franco Neto João Veridiano
Published: May 2021

Em 1952, o casamento entre a índia kalapalo Jakuí e o sertanista Ayres C. Cunha veio a se tornar uma polêmica nacional. O Serviço de Proteção aos Índios (SPI) e parte da imprensa nacional desaprovavam o enlace. Em compensação à população em geral e outra parte da imprensa, tanto aprovavam quanto se mobilizaram para que o casamento se concretizasse. Independentemente das duas posições contrárias, à perspectiva dos índios Kalapalo sobre o casamento mostrava-se não apenas ignorada pela sociedade nacional, mas como também de pouca importância. Este texto discorre sobre o ponto de vista dos Kalapalo acerca do evento, que se configurava como uma jornada de pacificação dos caraíba (não-índios), relacionando, mito, cosmologia e história.
COMPUTER MODELING OF THE SAND BODIES DEPOSITIONAL HISTORY OF THE MIDDLE JURASSIC PETROLEUM PLAY (BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE GERASIMOVSKOE FIELD, WESTERN SIBERIA)
Authors:   A.A.Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, Fedorovich M. O. , Kosmacheva A. Yu. ,   A.A.Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS
Published: May 2021

The present paper describes the DIONISOS software package (Beicip-Technologies), where the reconstruction of the accumulation conditions and facies modeling of sand reservoirs Yu10, Yu9, Yu8, Yu7 and Yu6 of the Tyumenskaya Formation and carbonaceous-clay members acting as fluid seals within the Gerasimovskoye oil and gas condensate field located in the south of the Parabel district of the Tomsk region. Reconstructions of facies environments make it possible to consistently restore conditions and create a general principled model of the accumulation of sandy-argillaceous deposits of the Middle Jurassic PP in a given territory. Polyfacies deposits of the Bajocian are represented by sands of distributaries and stream-mouth bars, underwater slope of delta, above-water and underwater delta plains, argillaceous-carbonaceous sediments of floodplain lakes, bogs, marshes and lagoons, clays formed at the border of the above-water and underwater deltaic plains, silt deposits of above-water and underwater delta plains, prodelta clays. As a result of the 3D facies model construction, it is shown that the subcontinental sedimentary environments of sand reservoirs Yu10–Yu8 are replaced by deltaic and floodplain-lacustrine-boggy ones, and the formation of Yu7–Yu6 reservoirs occurs in conditions of coastal plain, periodically flooded by the sea. In total, 5 lithotypes of sand deposits have been identified, 1 – argillaceous-carbonaceous, 2 – argillaceous and 1 – silty. Computer facies 3D modeling of the sand bodies assemblage (hydrocarbon reservoirs) of the Bajocian age for the Gerasimovskoye oil and gas condensate field has been performed.
Emergency maternal referral worksheet as a clinical decision-making tool
Authors: Suhargono Mochammad Hud
Published: May 2021

Objective: This study aimed at discovering some different delivery outcomes from maternal emergency referral cases in referral health facilities (RHF) for those who used did not use Emergency Maternal Referral Worksheet (EMRW) at public health facilities (PHF).Materials and Methods: This study was a quantitative research with observational case control. It used in-depth interviews to several health centers in Tuban by using Mann Whitney statistic test.Results: The results of statistical test Mann Whitney, 161 referral cases were found to have p value of 0.036. It indicated significant differences in delivery outcomes. The differences were found in groups of mothers in mortality, high morbidity, and survived groups who used and did not use EMRW. Supporting and resisting factors from 22 respondents examined were socialization and technical support, leadership and supervision by the heads of PHF and Regional Health Ministry, as well as coordination and synergy among policy makers and related parties.Conclusion: The use of EMRW affects the outcome of patients so that EMRW can be used as a clinical decision making tool in other maternal and non-maternal health services.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SEVERITY OF MALOCCLUSION AND GINGIVAL STATUS IN STUDENTS OF SMPN 5 MARABAHAN
Authors: Ma’rifatullah Akhmad Aufayed , Wibowo Diana , Azizah Aulia
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACTBackground: South Kalimantan experienced dental and mouth problems with a prevalence of 59,6%, so did Barito Kuala Regency with 68,66%. Malocclusion is a dental and oral health problem related to the disharmony between jaws and teeth. Many cases of malocclusion occur in children aged 12-14 years by 15,6% in the form of crowded teeth in South Kalimantan. Malocclusion is a factor that can cause food debris to stick to the interdental area between the crowded teeth, thus forming plaque accumulation. Plaque is the primary etiological factor that influences gingival status. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between the severity of malocclusion and gingival status in students aged 12-14 years at SMPN 5 Marabahan. Method:  This study used analytic survey research with cross sectional research design. The research population was all students of SMPN 5 Marabahan aged 12-14 years who born in March 2005 - January 2008, amounting to 88 people. The minimum sample size which determined by the proportion estimation formula was 47 people. The used sampling technique was simple random sampling technique with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The distribution frequency of the study showed mild malocclusion of 55,3% and mild inflammation of 57,4%. Spearman analysis test results on the severity of malocclusion based on Mal I and gingival status based on GI showed a significance value of p = 0,045 (p < 0,05). Conlclusion: It could be concluded that there was a relationship between the severity of malocclusion and gingival status in students aged 12-14 years at SMPN 5 Marabahan.Keywords:Gingival Index, Gingival Status, Malalignment Index, Malocclusion, Permanent Tooth Occlusion Stage 2.
MANAGEMENT OF HSV-1 AND HSV-2 PRIMARY INFECTION IN ADULT PATIENT: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Kaban Bima Ewando , Riyanto Dahlia , Parmadiati Adiastuti , Radithia Desiana , Soebadi Bagus
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Infection of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) type 1 and 2 causes medical problems throughout the world. HSV-1 infection often affects the oral regions and HSV-2 infection is the most prevalent cause of genital ulcerations.  It is possible for HSV-2 to cause oro-labial herpes and HSV-1 to cause genital herpes. Primary HSV infection usually affects children or adolescent, whereas adults usually experience infection more frequently due to viral reactivation. Objective:  To discuss the management of Primary HSV-1 and HSV-2 Infection which appears simultaneously in adults. Case report: a 33yearold female patient came to hospital with multiple painful ulcers in her tongue, buccal and labial mucosa, preceded by prodrome, followed with eruption and outbreak of vesicles on her skin. The first laboratory examination confirmed a high titer of reactive Immunoglobulin M (IgM) of anti-HSV-1 and Immunoglobulin M (IgM) anti-HSV-2. She was diagnosed to have Primary HSV-1 and HSV-2 Infection and treated with oral Acyclovir and Chlorine dioxide mouthwash with good healing. The clinical presentation, differential diagnosis and management of primary herpetic stomatitis are discussed. Conclusion: Correct diagnosis and treatment can restore well-being, avoid secondary problems for patients, and prevent the use of inappropriate drugs.Keywords : Herpes Simplex Virus, HSV-1, HSV-2, Management, Primary Herpes Infection
Characteristics of Particulate Emissions from Co-Firing in An Industrial Boiler
Authors:   Institut Teknologi Nasional Bandung, Saraswati Rudianto Ines
Published: May 2021

Characteristics of Particulate Emissions from Co-Firing in An Industrial Boiler. PT. X is a textile industry that consumes a massive amount of coal for its boiler operation. It requires substantial costs to obtain coal from Sumatra and Kalimantan. An alternative solid biofuel (briquette) was developed to combine bottom ash and biomass made from municipal solid waste called Biomass Coal Fuel (BCF) briquette. The purpose of this study is to measure the total concentration of particulate matter and emission factor (PM) emitted from two burning experiments: only coal (100%) and mixed coal fuel with 10% of BCF (co-firing). Mixed coal and BCF burning are carried out in the fire-tube boiler where the PM emission is released through the stack. The Center for Pulp and Paper measured particulate emission with methodology referring to SNI 7117.17-2009. Particulate matter concentration emitted from only coal-burning was 12,1 mg/Nm3,but when mixed BCF and coal were used, the higher concentration was emitted 70,9 mg/Nm3. The addition of BCF briquettes affects the particulate matter emission, even though the emission does not exceed the regulated quality standard. The increase of particulate concentration is due to the BCF briquette characteristics, which have a low heating value and high ash content. The boiler has already been equipped with cyclone and wet scrubber; therefore, PM emissions presented here are treated emissions. The controlled PM emission factor of BCF was 4,46 g/kg, which is higher than only coal which was 0,51 g/kg. BCF briquette can still be used as co-fuel for the boiler, but further effort is still required to reduce the ash content of the BCF and increase the calorific value of the BCF.
Distribusi Temporal Konsentrasi PM10 Menggunakan Alat Particle Plus EM-10000
Authors:   Program Studi Teknik Lingkungan, Fakultas Teknik Sipil dan Perencanaan, Institut Teknologi Nasional, Wahyu Utama Yoga , A. Permadi Didin
Published: May 2021

Distribusi Temporal Konsentrasi PM10 Menggunakan Alat Particle Plus EM-10000. Tingkat polusi partikulat di Kota Bandung umumnya melebihi kualitas udara ambien nasional. Sektor transportasi menjadi sumber utama dalam pencemaran konsentrasi PM10 di Kota Bandung, dimana kendaraan bermotor menyumbang 70% pencemar partikulat (PM10). Faktor lain yang berpengaruh terhadap variabilitas temporal konsentrasi PM10 selain sumber emisi lokal adalah faktor meteorologi dan sumber regional yang berasal dari luar daerah Kota Bandung. Meteorologi dapat memengaruhi proses dispersi maupun difusi partikulat yang dapat menyebabkan peningkatan atau penurunan konsentrasi PM10. Sumber regional juga memiliki peran terhadap variabilitas temporal konsentrasi PM10 karena secara substansial PM10 dapat terbawa dari tempat yang jauh melalui mekanisme long range transport. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisa distribusi temporal konsentrasi PM10 di Itenas Bandung agar data yang diperoleh dapat dimanfaatkan untuk meminimalisir terjadinya paparan jangka pendek yang dapat menyebabkan risiko kesehatan. Konsentrasi PM10 bersumber dari pencemar lokal (transportasi) dan pencemar regional (luar daerah Kota Bandung) yang diidentifikasi dengan model HYSPLIT, serta pengaruh faktor meteorologi terhadap variabilitas temporal konsentrasi PM10. Pengukuran konsentrasi PM10 dilakukan selama 1 bulan (Juli 2020) di musim kemarau. Distribusi temporal konsentrasi PM10 menunjukkan pola bimodial di mana terdapat dua jam puncak yaitu pukul 8 pagi dan pukul 10 malam, variabilitas temporal yang terjadi disebabkan oleh transportasi, temperatur dan kecepatan angin. Sementara, kelembaban tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap variabilitas temporal konsentrasi PM10 saat musim kemarau. Daerah yang dapat berpotensi menjadi sumber pencemar konsentrasi PM10 di Kota Bandung berasal dari daerah Kabupaten Cilacap, Kabupaten Ciamis, Kabupaten dan Kota Tasikmalaya, Kabupaten Garut, dan Kabupaten Bandung.
Overexpressed NEDD8 as a potential therapeutic target in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Xian Jingrong , Wang Shiwen , Jiang Yanyu , Li Lihui , Cai Lili , Chen Ping , Liu Yue , Zeng Xiaofei , Chen Guoan , Ding Chen , Hoffman Robert M. , Jia Lijun , Zhao Hu , Zhang Yanmei
Published: May 2021

Objective: The hyperactivated neddylation pathway plays an important role in tumorigenesis and is emerging as a promising anticancer target. We aimed to study whether NEDD8 (neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated 8) might serve as a therapeutic target in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods: The clinical relevance of NEDD8 expression was evaluated by using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and tissue arrays. NEDD8-knockdown ESCC cells generated with the CRISPR/Cas9 system were used to explore the anticancer effects and mechanisms. Quantitative proteomic analysis was used to examine the variations in NEDD8 knockdown-induced biological pathways. The cell cycle and apoptosis were assessed with fluorescence activated cell sorting. A subcutaneous-transplantation mouse tumor model was established to investigate the anticancer potential of NEDD8 silencing in vivo. Results: NEDD8 was upregulated at both the mRNA and protein expression levels in ESCC, and NEDD8 overexpression was associated with poorer overall patient survival (mRNA level: P = 0.028, protein level: P = 0.026, log-rank test). Downregulation of NEDD8 significantly suppressed tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo. Quantitative proteomic analysis revealed that downregulation of NEDD8 induced cell cycle arrest, DNA damage, and apoptosis in ESCC cells. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that NEDD8 knockdown led to the accumulation of cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligases (CRLs) substrates through inactivation of CRLs, thus suppressing the malignant phenotype by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in ESCC. Rescue experiments demonstrated that the induction of apoptosis after NEDD8 silencing was attenuated by DR5 knockdown. Conclusions: Our study elucidated the anti-ESCC effects and underlying mechanisms of NEDD8 knockdown, and validated NEDD8 as a potential target for ESCC therapy.
A Comparison of Single-Entry and Multiple-Entry Casing Impingement Manifolds for Active Thermal Tip Clearance Control
Authors: Dhopade Priyanka , Kirollos Benjamin , Ireland Peter , Lewis Leo
Published: May 2021

In this paper we compare using computational fluid dynamics the aerothermal performance of two candidate casing manifolds for supplying an impingement-actuated active tip clearance control system for an aero-engine high-pressure turbine. The two geometries are (a) single-entry: an annular manifold fed at one circumferential location; (b) multiple-entry: a casing manifold split into four annular sectors, each sector supplied separately from an annular ring main. Both the single-entry and multiple-entry systems analysed in this paper are idealised version of active clearance control systems in current production engines. Aerothermal performance is quantitatively assessed on the basis of the heat transfer coefficient distribution, driving temperature difference for heat transfer between the jet and casing wall, and total pressure loss within the high-pressure turbine active clearance control system. We predict that the mean heat transfer coefficient (defined with respect to the inlet temperature and local wall temperature) of the single-entry active clearance control system is 77% greater than the multiple-entry system; primarily because the coolant in the multiple-entry case picks up approximately 40 K of temperature from the ring main walls, and secondarily because the average jet Reynolds number of impingement holes in the single entry system is 1.2 times greater than in the multiple entry system. The multiple-entry system exhibits many local hot and cold spots, depending on the position of the transfer boxes, while the single-entry case has a more predictable aerothermal field across the system. The multiple-entry feed system uses an average of 20% of the total available pressure drop, while the feed system for the single-entry geometry uses only 2% of the total available pressure drop. From the aerothermal results of this computational study, and in consideration of holistic aero-engine design factors, we conclude that a single-entry system is closer to an optimal solution than a multiple-entry system.
A Review of Electrospun Carbon Nanofiber-Based Negative Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors
Authors: Tiwari Arjun Prasad , Mukhiya Tanka , Muthurasu Alagan , Chhetri Kisan , Lee Minju , Dahal Bipeen , Lohani Prakash Chandra , Kim Hak Yong
Published: May 2021

The development of smart negative electrode materials with high capacitance for use in supercapacitors remains challenging. Although there have been several types of electrode materials with high capacitance used in energy storage, carbon-based materials are the most reliable electrodes due to their high conductivity, high power density and excellent stability. The most common complaint about general carbon materials is that these as-formed electrode materials can hardly ever be used as free-standing electrodes. Free-standing carbon-based electrodes are in high demand and are a passionate topic of energy storage research. Electrospun nanofibers are a potential candidate to fill this gap. However, the as-spun carbon nanofibers (ECNFs) have low capacitance and energy density on their own. To this end, several attempts have been made to improve these characteristics. In this review, we introduce negative electrode materials that have been developed. Moreover, this review places special attention to the advances of electrospun nanofiber-based negative electrode materials and their limitations. Based on the above information, we put forth a future perspective on how these limitations can be overcome to meet the demands of next-generation smart devices.
The Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) – The Rediscovered Meso-American Functional Food Crop
Authors: Montes Osorio Luis Rodolfo , Gil Esturban Edin Alejandro , Castillo Mont Juan José , Sorensen Marten
Published: May 2021

Among the plant resources in pre-Columbian Mexico and Central America, the Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) is unique in being the only member of the Lamiaceae cultivated for the mericarps. Recently the crop has gained considerable attention due to its high of content omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, antioxidants, fibre and protein classifying it as a nutraceutical.
Population Kidney Health. A New Paradigm for Chronic Kidney Disease Management
Authors: Burgos Calderón Rafael , Depine Santos Angel , Aroca Martinez Gustavo
Published: May 2021

Statistical data extracted from national databases demonstrate a continuous growth in the incidence and prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the ineffectiveness of current policies and strategies based on individual risk factors to reduce them, as well as their mortality and costs. Some innovative programs, telemedicine and government interest in the prevention of CKD, did not facilitate timely access to care, continuing the increased demand for dialysis and transplants, high morbidity and long-term disability. In contrast, new forms of kidney disease of unknown etiology affected populations in developing countries and underrepresented minorities, who face socioeconomic and cultural disadvantages. With this background, we analyze in the existing literature the effects of social determinants in CKD, concluding that it is necessary to strengthen current kidney health strategies, designing in a transdisciplinary way, a model that considers demographic characteristics integrated into individual risk factors and risk factors population, incorporating the population health perspective in public health policies to improve results in kidney health care, since CKD continues to be an important and growing contributor to chronic diseases.
A Comparison of Trueness and Precision of 9 Intra-Oral Digital Scanners and 4 Lab Digital Scanners
Authors: Nulty Adam Brian
Published: May 2021

(1) Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the full arch scan accuracy (precision and trueness) of nine digital intra-oral scanners and four lab scanners. Previous studies have compared the accuracy of some intra-oral scanners, but as this is a field of quickly developing technologies, a more up-to-date study was needed to assess the capabilities of currently available models.; (2) Methods: The present in vitro study compared nine different intraoral scanners (Omnicam 4.6; Omnicam 5.1; Primescan; CS 3600; Trios 3; Trios 4; Runyes; i500 and DL206) as well as four lab light scanners (Einscan SE; 300e; E2 and Ineos X5) to investigate the accuracy of each scanner by examining the overall trueness and precision. Ten aligned and cut scans from each of the intra-oral and lab scanners in the in vitro study were brought into CloudCompare. A comparison was made with the master STL using the CloudCompare 3D analysis best-fit algorithm. The results were recorded along with individual standard deviation and a colorimetric map of the deviation across the surface of the STL mesh; a comparison was made to the master STL, quantified at specific points. ; (3) Results: In the present study, the Primescan had the best overall trueness (17.3 ± 4.9). Followed by (in order of increasing deviation) the Trios 4 (20.8 ± 6.2), i500 (25.2 ± 7.3), CS3600 (26.9 ± 15.9), Trios 3 (27.7 ± 6.8), Runyes (47.2 ± 5.4), Omnicam 5.1 (55.1 ± 9.5), Omnicam 4.6 (57.5 ± 3.2) and Launca DL206 (58.5 ± 22.0). Regarding the lab light scanners, the Ineos X5 had the best overall trueness with (0.0 ± 1.9). Followed by (in order of increasing deviation) the 3Shape E2 (3.6 ± 2.2), Up3D 300E (12.8 ± 2.7), and Einscan SE (14.9 ± 9.5); (4) Conclusions: This study confirms that all current generations of intra-oral digital scanners can capture a reliable, reproducible full arch scan in dentate patients. Out of the intra-oral scanners tested, no scanner produced results significantly similar in trueness to the Ineos X5. However, the Primescan was the only one to be statistically of a similar level of trueness to the 3Shape E2 lab scanner. All scanners in the study had mean trueness of under 60-micron deviation. While this study can compare the scanning accuracy of this sample in a dentate arch, the scanning of a fully edentulous arch is more challenging. The accuracy of these scanners in edentulous cases should be examined in further studies.
Bioactive Flavonoids from the Stem Bark of Cordia dichotoma Forst.: Identification, Docking and ADMET Studies
Authors: Hussain Nazim , Kakoti Bibhuti Bhushan , Rudrapal Mithun , Sarwa Khomendra Kumar , Celik Ismail , Attah Emmanuel Ifeanyi , Khairnar Shubham Jagadish , Bhattacharya Soumya , Sahoo Ranjan Kumar
Published: May 2021

Cordia dichotoma Forst. (F. Boraginaceae) has been traditionally used for the management of a variety of human ailments. In our earlier work, the antidiabetic activity of methanolic bark extract of C. dichotoma (MECD) has been reported. In this paper, two flavonoid molecules were isolated (by column chromatography) and identified (by IR, NMR and Mass spectroscopy/spectrometry) from the MECD with an aim to investigate their antidiabetic effectiveness. Molecular docking and ADMET studies were carried out using AutoDock Vina software and Swiss ADME online tool, respectively. The isolated flavonoids were identified as 3,5,7,3’,4’-tetrahydroxy-4-methoxyflavanone-3-O-L-rhamnopyranoside and 5,7,3’-trihydroxy-4-methoxyflavanone-7-O-L-rhamnopyranoside (quercitrin). Docking and ADMET studies revealed the promising binding affinity of flavonoid molecules for human lysosomal alpha-glucosidase and human pancreatic alpha-amylase with acceptable ADMET properties. Based on computational studies, our study reports the antidiabetic potential of the isolated flavonoids with predictive pharmacokinetics profile.
Enhancing the Positive Impact Rating: A New Business School Rating in Support of a Sustainable Future
Authors: Rodenburg Kathleen , Rizwan Taimoor , Liu Ruifeng , Christensen Hughes Julia Christensen
Published: May 2021

Business School rankings are “big business”, influencing donors and potential students alike, holding much sway over decanal and faculty priorities, particularly with respect to the curriculum as well as the focus and destination of research publications (i.e., in so called “top” journals). Over the past several years, the perverse effects of these priorities have begun to be acknowledged and new ratings and ranking systems have emerged. One promising new comer is the Positive Impact Rating (PIR), which uniquely and exclusively focuses on student perceptions of their business school’s priorities and the learning experience. In addition, it organizes schools by tier, in an effort to foster collaboration and continuous improvement, as opposed to ranked competition. If this new approach is to achieve its stated objective and help shift the focus of business schools to developing future business leaders and research output in alignment with a more sustainable world (and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals), it is essential that the metrics used be – and perceived as - both valid and reliable. The current research aims to make a contribution in this regard, analyzing the results at one business school in detail and making recommendations for strengthening these aims. Results show that the parametric properties of the survey are highly interrelated suggesting that the predictive utility of the separate elements within scale could be improved. Additionally, biases in scores may exist dependent on where the responses are collected and who solicited them, as well as the students’ perception of their overall academic experience and on socio-cultural factors.
A Graphical Based Video Steganography
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Samir , Bose Payal , Goyel Vishal
Published: May 2021

In today’s digital media data communication over the internet increasing day by day. Therefore the data security becomes the most important issue over the internet. With the increase of data transmission, the number of intruders also increases. That’s the reason it is needed to transmit the data over the internet very securely. Steganography is a popular method in this field. This method hides the secret data with a cover medium in a way so that the intruders cannot predict the existence of the data. Here a steganography method is proposed which uses a video file as a cover medium. This method has five main steps. First, convert the video file into video frames. Then a particular frame is selected for embedded the secret data. Second, the Least Significant Bit (LSB) Coding technique is used with the double key security technique. Third, an 8 characters password verification process. Fourth, reverse the encrypted video. Fifth, signature verification process to verify the encryption and decryption process. These five steps are followed by both the encrypting and decrypting processes.
Prediction of Weight Gain during COVID-19 for Avoiding Complication in Health
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Samir , Dutta Shawni , Pramanik Sabyasachi
Published: May 2021

Obesity and overweight is a foremost concern around the globe for each group of age. This can be accelerated by the current imposed lockdown. However, excessive weight gain may result in other chronic diseases. This study has been considering the age group of 25 to 55 years as the sample populations and monitoring them from July, 2020 to November, 2020. The lifestyle of this population, food habit, mental health conditions are explored using deep learning based framework. All these parameters need to be monitored as these have close relation with currently imposed constraints due to COVID-19. A predictive model is constructed using deep learning techniques to predict the risk of gaining weight. The predictive model hybridizes the convolutional layer and gated recurrent neural networks as a unified entity for achieving the objective of early weight gain prediction. The result obtained by this model exhibits an encouraging predictive efficiency of 93.7%.
Redox Regulation of the Immune Response: Nitro-Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants Regulate Macrophage, Neutrophil, and T and B Lymphocyte, and Dendritic and Natural Killer Cell Functions
Authors: Morris Gerwyn , Maes Michael
Published: May 2021

An immune-inflammatory response is accompanied by increased nitro-oxidative stress. The aims of this mechanistic review are to review: a) the role of redox sensitive transcription factors and enzymes, ROS/RNS production and the activity of cellular antioxidants on the activation and performance of macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, T cells, B cells and natural killer cells; b) the involvement of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), apolipoprotein (Apo)A1, paraoxonase (PON)-1, and oxidized phospholipids in the regulation of the immune response; and c) the detrimental effects of hypernitrosylation and chronic nitro-oxidative stress on the immune response. The redox changes during immune-inflammatory responses are orchestrated by the actions of nuclear factor (NF)-κB, HIF1alpha, the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTor), the phosphatidylinositol 3‑kinase (PI3K) / protein kinase B (AKT) signalling pathway, mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR). The performance and survival of individual immune cells is under redox control and sensitive to intracellular and extracellular levels of ROS/RNS and is heavily influenced by cellular anti-oxidants including the glutathione and thioredoxin systems, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), and the HDL complex. Chronic nitro-oxidative stress and hypernitrosylation inhibit the activity of those antioxidant systems, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, mitochondrial functions, and the metabolism of immune cells. In conclusion, those redox-associated mechanisms modulate metabolic reprogramming of immune cells, macrophage and T helper cell polarization, phagocytosis, production of pro- versus anti-inflammatory cytokines, immune training and tolerance, chemotaxis, pathogen sensing, antiviral and antibacterial effects, Toll-like receptor activity, and endotoxin tolerance.
Therapeutic Potential of HLA-I Polyreactive mAbs Mimicking the HLA-I Polyreactivity and Immunoregulatory Functions of IVIg
Authors: Ravindranath Mepur H. , Hilali Fatiha El , Filippone Edward
Published: May 2021

HLA class-I (HLA-I) polyreactive monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) reacting to all HLA-I alleles were developed by immunizing HLA-E monomeric heavy chain (HC) (Open Conformers, OCs). Two of the mAbs (TFL-006 and TFL-007) bound to the HC’s coated on a solid matrix. The binding was inhibited by a peptide 117AYDGKDY123, present in all alleles of the six HLA-I isoforms but masked by 2-microglobulin -m) in intact HLA-I trimers (Closed Conformers, CCs). Identical HLA-I polyreactivity is observed in IVIg administered to lower anti-HLA antibodies (Abs) in HLA-sensitized patients, but the mechanism is unknown. We hypothesized that the mAbs that mimic IVIg HLA-I polyreactivity might mimic the immunomodulatory functions of IVIg. We tested the relative binding affinity of the mAbs and IVIg for both OCs- and CCs and compared their effects on (a) the phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-activation T-cells, (b) the production of anti-HLA-II antibody (Ab) by B-memory cells, and anti-HLA-I Ab by immortalized B-cells, and (c) the upregulation of CD4+, CD25+, and Fox P3+ T-regs. The mAbs bound only to OCs, whereas IVIg is bound to both CCs and OCs. The mAbs suppressed blastogenesis and proliferation of PHA-activated T-cells, anti-HLA Ab production by B-cells and expanded the T-regs, better than IVIg. We conclude that a humanized version of the TFL-mAbs could be an ideal therapeutic IVIg-mimetic.