bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TALABA-QIZLARDA LIDERLIK SIFATLARINI RIVOJLANTIRISHNING ZAMONAVIY MASALALARI: XALQARO TAJRIBA
Authors: Djabbarova Nilufar
Published: August 2024

This article analyzes the importance of developing leadership qualities in female students in modern society and the problems encountered in this process and their solutions. Also, it will be shown how to increase the leadership potential of girls through practical solutions such as modern educational methodologies, international cooperation programs, mentoring and networking.
INGLIZ VA O‘ZBEK TILLARIDA ONLAYN SAVDO-SOTIQ BILAN BOG‘LIQ LEKSIKANING QIYOSIY TADQIQI
Authors: Ramazonov Shohruh
Published: August 2024

In this article, we will consider the comparative study of the lexicon based on the market economy and related to trade in English and Uzbek languages. We provide solutions to the comparative problems of the lexicon in the translation of business terms from one language to another. In addition, we will cite the scientific works and literature of several translators in connection with this article.
OʻZBEK TILIDA HUJJATLARNING MATN TUZILISHI
Authors: Babadjanov Farxad
Published: August 2024

This article analyzes the structure of document texts in the Uzbek language. The parts of the text of the document and the information that reflected in them, their location and their functions are considered.
MAXMUR IJODIDA ADABIY TA’SIR MASALASI
Authors: Temirov Jamoliddin
Published: August 2024

Uzbek poetry of the 19th century not only increased in terms of quantity and quality, but was also significant with dozens of new creative attempts, the introduction of special satirical genres into the world of satirical, and the discovery of a number of new poetic and satirical methods. They strongly influenced the further development of Uzbek poetry.
“ҚУТАДҒУ БИЛИГ” АСАРИДА ИСЛОМИЙ ҚАРАШЛАР ИФОДАСИ
Authors: Joraev Shahrux-Mirzo
Published: August 2024

In this article, Yusuf Khos Hajib created his work "Kutadgu Bilig" in the spirit of admonition, perfection and mysticism. Also, the introduction of the work with hamd (i.e. praise of God) and na't (i.e. praise to the prophets) proves that the spirit of Islam is instilled in the beginning and the end of the work, and that a number of terms related to theology are used in "Kutadgu Bilig".
НАЖИМ ДАВҚАРАЕВНИНГ ФОЛЬКЛОРШУНОСЛИК ИЛМИДА ТУТГАН ЎРНИ: ТАДҚИҚОТ ВА МУҲОКАМАЛАР
Authors: Jumanazarova Gulbadam
Published: August 2024

The article examines the scientific views, concepts and scientific activities of N. Davkarayev, the founder of Karakalpak folkloristics. N. Davkarayev is a researcher who collected samples of folklore and diligently tried to convey them to the people through a theoretical and methodological approach.
Klassik nemis falsafasining yo‘nalishlari va bosqichlari
Authors: Qunishev Ulug‘bek
Published: August 2024

В статье рассматриваются идеи представителейнемецкой классической философии, которые способствовалиразвитию философского мышления, связанного с развитием общества.Также представлены сведения о направлениях и этапах классическойнемецкой философии.
SHOIRA SHAMS IJODINING SHAKLLANISH TAKOMILI
Authors: Bobonazarova Gulzoda
Published: August 2024

In this article, we will find out the stages of formation of the prose and lyrical works of the poetess, whose heart is always full of passion and the desire for knowledge, as well as the history of the origin of various epic and lyrical works and their goals.
СОЦИАЛЬНЫЙ СОСТАВ ГОСУДАРСТВА БАБУРА В ИНДИИ
Authors: Гафуров Бахром
Published: August 2024

Zakhiriddin Muhammad Babur, a descendant of the Timurids, known as a poet, writer, historian, commander, head of state, founded the Mughal Empire in India, which lasted 300 years. During the reign of Babur and his descendants, the social structure of the state was complex and had a large number of different classes.
A CRITICAL STUDY OF THE AMERICAN CAMPUS NOVELS
Authors: Alimova Kamola
Published: August 2024

American campus novels belong to a literary genre that reflects the complex and diverse aspects of student and academician’s life at colleges and universities in the United States. This study is devoted to a critical analysis of the key themes, motifs and characters present in these works. The study covers the period from the early 20th century to the present, examining how historical and social contexts influence the content and form of novels. Particular attention is paid to issues such as the search for identity, problems of growing up, social and ethnic conflicts, as well as the role of educational institutions in the formation of personality.
SEMANTIK MAYDONNING MANTIQIY TUZILISHI
Authors: Nazarov Sardor
Published: August 2024

The article describes the concept of semantics and semantic field, their essence. The term field in modern linguistics is discussed in terms of descriptions and researches. Information about the emergence of the semantic field as a method of analysis and research conducted by well-known linguists is given.
ГЕОЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ И ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЕ ИНТЕРЕСЫ ГЕРМАНИИ НА СРЕДНЕМ ВОСТОКЕ В КОНЦЕ XIX ВЕКА
Authors: Габриэльян Софья
Published: August 2024

The article reveals the mechanisms of Germany’s political and economic penetration into Iran at the end of the 19th century. Using various diplomatic and geo-economic mechanisms, the German Empire tried to penetrate the “spheres” of influence of England and Russia in the Middle East. This was accompanied by an intensification of the political struggle, which later led to the signing of agreements on the delimitation of influence in the Middle East.
INGLIZ TILIDAGI ARABIY OʻZLASHMALARGA DOIR NAZARIY QARASHLAR
Authors: Ergashova Muxlisa
Published: August 2024

This is a survey article of the English loan words from Arabic language. The article begins with different conflicting views regarding the term “loan words” and the amount of the Arabic loan words in English from both points of views the English and the Arab linguists’.Then, a historical preview from the first Arabic words in Old English till the latest few words in the last decades is displayed considering the factors involved in borrowing from Arabic to English.
RIVOJLANGAN TA’LIM TIZIMI: FINLANDIYA TAJRIBASINING DUNYO TA’LIM SIFATI UCHUN NAMUNAVIY JIHATLARI
Authors: Mamatsoliyeva Xurshida
Published: August 2024

This article presents exemplary aspects of the Finnish education system, which is highly appreciated all over the world for its innovative approach and successful results in the education system, which can be taken into account in improving the quality of education in other countries.
KIBERETNOGRAFIK TADQIQOTLARNING NAZARIY-METODOLOGIK АSOSLАRI
Authors: Yusupov Jaloladdin
Published: August 2024

In this article, based on the analysis of literature, we will focus on several main theories that are the basis of today’s cyberethnological research. The theoretical approaches that we will list below show the interdisciplinary nature of cyberethnological research and the possibilities of solving complex socio-cultural phenomena in the digital age.
ТАЛАБАЛАРДА КАСБГА ЙЎНАЛТИРИЛГАН ИНГЛИЗ ТИЛИДАГИ ОҒЗАКИ МУЛОҚОТНИ РИВОЖЛАНТИРИШДА ЮҚОРИ САМАРАДОРЛИК ВА ВАҚТ УНУМДОРЛИГИГА ЭРИШИШ
Authors: Тухтасинов Илҳомжон , Норматова Нуржамол
Published: August 2024

It is important for a graduate of a higher education institution to be able to communicate freely in a foreign language, to be able to respond to the interlocutor's speech using verbal and non-verbal means, and to be able to speak using professional terms within the scope of his specialty. This article reflects the results of research on achieving maximum quality productivity and time savings in this process.
O‘ZBEKISTONDAGI MA’NAVIY BARQARORLIK NEGIZLARI
Authors: Raxmonova Nigina
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the foundations of spiritual stability in Uzbekistan. It reveals that the country's independence, especially the reforms carried out in subsequent years, created real conditions for the development of forms of social consciousness, the acquisition of a humane character by the social psyche and ideology, and the optimization of the process of spiritual production. The article describes the content and essence of these factors.
SOVET HUKUMATI DAVRIDA ISLOM DININING HOLATI VA RUHONIYLARNING QATAG‘ON QILINISHI
Authors: Jumayev Bekzod
Published: August 2024

The article analyzes the information related to the Soviet government's attitude to religion and its violent policy and repression of religious people from a historical perspective based on reliable sources.
СОПОСТАВЛЕНИЕ РАСПРОСТРАНЁННЫХ И НЕРАСПРОСТРАНЁННЫХ ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЙ В РУССКОМ И УЗБЕКСКОМ ЯЗЫКАХ
Authors: Яркулова Фотима
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to the issues of studying the syntax section in the Russian and Uzbek languages. The article also discusses the comparison of simple common and non-common sentences. To study this topic, you need to know the members of sentences: subject, predicate, definition, circumstance, object.
TА’LIMDА АXBОRОT KОMPETENSIYАSI INSОNNING АXBОRОT JАMIYАTIGА MUVАFFАQIYАTLI MОSLАSHUVINING KАFОLАTI SIFАTIDА
Authors: Rаjаbоvа Gulrux
Published: August 2024

in this аrticle, informаtion competence is understood аs а person’s аbility to understаnd the reаlity of the informаtion society, use аll the opportunities it offers, fully аdаpt to the informаtion society, аnd reаlize oneself. Opinions аre given on the trаining of а quаlified speciаlist thаt is compаtible with the rаpidly chаnging reаlity of life.
JAMIYATNING IQTISODIY TARAQQIYOTI VA UNING INSON MANFAATLARI BILAN UYG‘UNLIGI
Authors: Sadanova Dilnoza
Published: August 2024

This article describes the socio-philosophical analysis of the specific features of the economic development of the society, its laws, the philosophical thoughts about the organization of the economy in its philosophical teachings, and the interrelationship of the reforms in the economic development with human interests.
HOFIZ XORAZMIY DEVONIDA GRAFIK VOSITALAR LINGVOPOETIKASI
Authors: Otajonova Farogʻat
Published: August 2024

The article objectively studies the causes of some errors identified in the text of Hafiz Khorezmi’s book published by Professor Hamid Sulaimanov in 1981. Words that should be used in place of these words are referenced.
TILNING LEKSIK QATLAMIDA TOPONIMLARNING O‘RNI, ULARNING TASNIFLANISH TAMOYILLARI VA TARJIMA QILISH MASALALARI
Authors: Sadullayeva Shoxida
Published: August 2024

The crucial role of toponyms in the lexical layer of language, their importance, explanations given to the concept of toponym, as well as aspects of their origin and formation within different languages are studied in detail throughout in this article. During the process of formation of place names, toponomies, the language of that nation and peoples living in the same place, the structural aspect of that language, the characteristic points of understanding of the world, as well as their customs, shared traditions and beliefs are of great importance.
ҚОРАҚАЛПОҚ ОИЛАСИДА ХОТИН-ҚИЗЛАР ТАРБИЯСИ МАСАЛАСИ
Authors: Джумабаев Ильхамбек
Published: August 2024

The article discusses some of the customs of Karakalpak families when giving birth to a child and raising a girl. In particular, the issue of raising a Karakalpak woman is covered, some traditions of her marriage, as well as the periods of her childhood and adult life, are examined in detail.
Kvant kompyuterlarining huquqiy sohaga ta'siri: imkoniyatlar va muammolar
Authors: Abdixakimov Islombek
Published: August 2024

The development of quantum computers creates new opportunities in the legal field, but also creates a number of problems. This article focuses on data security, intellectual property rights, privacy protection, and other legal aspects of quantum computers. Also, the need to develop laws and regulations governing quantum technologies, liability issues and legal guarantees arising from the use of quantum computers will be analyzed. The article also discusses crimes that can be committed with the help of quantum computers and measures to prevent them. In conclusion, the importance of international cooperation in solving the legal challenges of quantum computers and artificial intelligence is highlighted.
MAQOL VA MATALLARNING TUZILISHI
Authors: Xaydarova Go‘zalxon
Published: August 2024

Each country and culture possesses unique lifestyles and core beliefs shaped by their heritage, customs, historical narratives, and personal encounters. Consequently, a myriad of proverbs, expressions, idioms, and sayings emerge within everyday discourse, reflecting the distinctiveness of each community. These linguistic gems permeate daily interactions, enriching conversations in workplaces and on streets alike. Individuals who hold profound reverence for life's teachings often integrate proverbs more frequently into their dialogue, recognizing their inherent wisdom. Leveraging proverbs and sayings can elevate both written and spoken communication, imbuing them with depth, eloquence, and aesthetic charm.
“DEVОNU LUG‘ОTI-T-TURK” ASARIDА XОRАZM SHEVАSIGА XОS FОNETIK XUSUSIYАTLАR
Authors: Boltayeva Zilola
Published: August 2024

In the article, the phonetic features of the work “Devonu lugoti­t­turk” are studied in depth, the manifestations of this language level in the work in the Khorezm Oghuz and Kipchak dialects of the Uzbek language are analyzed in detail, and this opinions are held in the village. Also, lexical units in the dialect are compared with the work “At­tuhfa”. A number of linguistic methods, such as comparison, comparative­historical, were effectively used in the analysis of examples.
QАDIMGI TURKIY TILDА MURАKKАB SIFАTLАR LINGVOPOETIKАSI
Authors: Xаdjievа Nigorа
Published: August 2024

This аrticle exаmines the linguopoetics of complex аdjectives in the аncient Turkic lаnguаge. The formаtion of complex аdjectives in the Old Turkic lаnguаge through аffixаtion, аddition, аnd educаtionаl аdjectives is given.
BO‘LAJAK PEDAGOGLARDA KASBIY MOBILLIKNI SHAKLLANTIRISHDA ILMIY IJODNING ZARURATI
Authors: Abdullayeva Ozoda
Published: August 2024

This article focuses on the importance and necessity of research work in the process of formation of professional mobility of future pedagogues. The article focuses on the nature of professional mobility, its place and tasks in pedagogy. Also, ways to develop the professional mobility of future pedagogues by involving them in scientific and creative activities were analyzed. The need to improve the professional skills of future pedagogues through the study and application of scientific research, innovative solutions and pedagogical experiences is justified. The article provides the necessary conditions, resources and pedagogical recommendations for the development of professional mobility
TRANSLATING ANIME AND ITS DIFFICULTIES
Authors: Morozova Anastasiya
Published: August 2024

This study examines various translation strategies employed by English and Russian translators, with a focus on their application in the localization and adaptation of multi-semiotic video-verbal texts, such as animated films. Drawing from the classifications of translation strategies by English linguist and translator P. Newmark, as well as insights from translation theorist I. S. Alekseeva's research explores eight key strategies.
AI: Artificial Intelligence or Accidentally Intrusive
Authors: Ravi Thakur, Founding and Managing Partner, Sense Legal LLP Nivedita Gajjar, Legal Counsel with Tech Mahindra &
Published: August 2024

Drawn out from the science fiction movies decades ago, Artificial Intelligence (“AI”) in the last few years has become our reality. While this technology is constantly and rapidly progressing, we need to evaluate whether our existing legal system is equipped to deal with this new facet. This paper aims to look at AI’s potential to impact our daily lives and assess how existing legal framework attempts to deal with the encounter of the thinning line between “real” and “artificial”. The Paper discusses some of the recent incidents making AI the subject matter of concern and dispute, and how certain jurisdictions attempt to ascertain liability in such matters. Through this paper we aim to highlight the challenges that use of AI brings to the legal fraternity.Artificial Intelligence
Ensuring Food Security By Promoting Sustainable Agriculture: An Analysis
Authors: Sharma Neeraj
Published: August 2024

The staggering number of undernourished people in the world hovering around 820 million is an alarming situation for the global leaders. This concern has find the place in the Sustainable development goals that United Nations has targeted to achieve by 2030. The Second Sustainable development goal mentions about ending hunger and achieving sustainability in the agricultural practices. Sustainability in agriculture seeks to intertwine the objectives of equity, profitability and ensuring healthy environment. Sustainable agriculture envisages farmers to promote practices which ensures healthy soil, reduction in pollution level at the farms, minimization of water use. Food security can be ensured by adopting sustainable farming practices.  The visions of the world leaders while drafting the Sustainable development goals is not only to reduce hunger but also to ensure nutritious food for all. India is also striving to attain the Sustainable development goals by adopting precise policies and better implementation. The Government of India has come up with the scheme of Soil Health Cards in order to promote sustainable agriculture which assists the farmers in gauging the optimum amount of fertilizers to be used. India is providing basic cereals to its poor under the Public Distribution System. The Mid-Day Meal Scheme of the Indian government has also been recognized as a potential tool to meet the urgent needs to tackle the issue of Nourishment among the School going Children. The world should realize that farmer being the main stakeholder in the whole process should be strengthened by providing better access to good practices and easy finance.
Climate Change and Renewable Energy Consumption Obligations: Response of the Indian Judiciary
Authors: Paul Sanu Rani
Published: August 2024

Climate change accounts for many of the natural disasters in India. Despite India being one of the top five greenhouse gas emitters in the world, policy and legal framework have not so far considered the issue of climate change in perspective. The constitution of India guarantees fundamental rights to its people through Article 21 and the article covers innumerable rights under its grab including right to health, pollution free air and water, sanitation rights, right to food, clean environment etc. India has ratified United Nations Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol and has now obligations under the Paris Agreement to cut greenhouse gas emissions intensity of its gross domestic product 33% to 35% by 2030. India’s’ target is laudable and ambitious in this regard. The judiciary in India has assumed its primary responsibility towards the individuals to safeguard their interest relating to environmental protection by combating climate change. There are remarkable judgments passed by the higher courts and the Green Tribunal relating to climate change. In Abhimanyu Rathore v State of H. P considering the Kedarnath and Srinagar tragedies the court has pointed out the ecological destruction due to climate change and declared that every citizen has the right to potable drinking water and breath pollution free air. There were also circumstance when the court has ruled in favour of development at the cost of environmental damage that is in the Sardar Sarovar dam project where a dam project with the reservoir level height up to 455 height was permitted by the Supreme Court, The Indian judiciary has wide powers to protect and safeguard the environment and contributed considerably towards the development of environmental jurisprudence in India. This paper is an attempt to analyse the judicial response towards renewable energy obligations and the paper will delve into the various aspects of the same and find out the recent trends.
Energy and Carbon Emission Impact of Renewable Energy Policies in Gujarat State
Authors: Bhatt Yashodhara A
Published: August 2024

Gujarat is thought mutually of the economic hubs within the world, for the event of state all the sectors ought to be developed. Among all sectors, the energy sector is thought as backbone for the property development. Since two three decades, the consumption of coal for the availability of correct energy magnified with the upper proportion, that arise the amount of carbon emission (CO2). Gujarat is one amongst the states that have surplus energy provide and state has conjointly advantage of 1600 kilometer coastal space. Per capita electricity consumption of Gujarat is conjointly on top of several state and Asian nation also. With the rise within the demand of recent equipment’s and development, proportion of thermal energy conjointly arises, that have arisen the amount of carbon emission. Gujarat government has enacted numerous programmes and policies for the event of renewable resources that is connected with environmental hazard. Here, the research worker had analyzed numerous policies and programme for the renewable sources of energy and its implementation within the state. The research worker has conjointly analyzed the impact of assorted programme and policies on environmental hazard and conjointly its connection with environmental policies of the Indian government. During this paper, the inexperienced passageway project of Indian government and numerous comes for the climate changes also are mentioned. Might Gujarat government cut back the amount of carbon emission and utilization of renewable resources is that the main objective of this paper. Here, the researcher has used secondary information and tabulation technique for analysis for the year 2010 to 2020-21.
The Analysis Study of The Effect of Intraosseus Infiltration of Platelet Rich Plasma for Knee Osteoarthritis : A Comprehensive Systematic Review
Authors: Gede Odi Bayu Dharma Perkasa , Christian Stedi Adnyana
Published: August 2024

Background: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is an active, heterogeneous, and low-grade inflammatory condition leading to functional disability and pain. The aim: The aim of this study to show about the effect of intraosseus infiltration of platelet rich plasma for knee osteorthritis. Methods: By the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020, this study was able to show that it met all of the requirements. Result: Eight publications were found to be directly related to our ongoing systematic examination after a rigorous three-level screening approach. Subsequently, a comprehensive analysis of the complete text was conducted, and additional scrutiny was given to these articles. Conclusion: Intraosseous (IO) PRP injections to target subchondral bone can provide a more comprehensive treatment by stimulating biological processes that lead to an environment primed for regeneration. Restoring joint homeostasis also influences the behaviour of MSCs that coordinate bone remodelling of the subchondral bone.
A Case Report of Dextrocardia with Hypertensive Emergency and Congestive Heart Failure: A Rare Condition
Authors: Ramadhani Fikar , Zahra Nabila Luthfiyyah
Published: August 2024

Introduction : Dextrocardia is a rare congenital anomaly affecting the heart. The range of cardiac problems linked to dextrocardia is extensive. This case report seeks to enhance the current knowledge by providing a clinical description of dextrocardia accompanied by hypertensive emergency and congestive heart failure. Case Presentation : A 39-year-old woman came to the Emergency Department of RSI Sultan Hadirin Jepara, having vomitted more than ten times since last night. Vomiting was preceded by nausea. The patient has been experiencing shortness of breath for three years, particularly when sleeping with only one pillow, necessitating the use of multiple pillows. Through additional physical and supporting examinations, the patient was diagnosed with dextrocardia with hypertensive emergency and congestive heart failure. Conclusion : Dextrocardia is a rare birth defect characterized by a variety of complicated structural abnormalities in the heart. There is no difference in symptoms and signs in patients with congestive heart failure in dextrocardia or levocardia. So that the approach to managing congestive heart failure in our patient is identical. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of this uncommon ailment is essential for delivering suitable medical treatment and effectively managing any problems in affected persons.
Coexistencia de procesos productivos y de conservación en la Amazonía ecuatoriana
Authors: Sánchez-Capa Maritza
Published: August 2024

La región amazónica de Ecuador está conforma por las provincias Sucumbíos, Orellana, Napo, Pastaza, Morona Santiago y Zamora Chinchipe, su extensión es de ~120.000 Km2 . En las dos últimas décadas, la educación superior se ha implementado en cada una de las provincias, buscando responder a las necesidades de profesionales en los diferentes sectores que constituyen las actividades económicas principales de cada provincia. Sucumbíos y Orellana son provincias que sustentan su economía en la producción petrolera, sin embargo, en esta superficie se encuentran áreas protegidas como la reserva de la biósfera YASUNÍ, parque nacional Cuyabeno, reserva Limoncocha, que son áreas con una gran biodiversidad por lo que la coexistencia entre conservación y producción industrial generan una búsqueda constante de alternativas sustentables y sostenibles .
Physicochemical composition and amino acid profile of the beverage of Ungurahua (Oenocarpus bataua) from the Amazonian Region of Ecuador.
Authors: Herrera-Criollo Diego , Andrade-Albán María José , Guerra-Torres Isabel , Tinoco-Jaramillo Leider , Paredes-Arcos Fernando , Fonseca- Amaya Dennisse
Published: August 2024

Oenocarpus bataua, also known as Ungurahua, is a palm species indigenous to Ecuador's Amazon region. The fruit is used for oil extraction and beverage production. This research aimed to evaluate a beverage made from O. bataua by characterizing its physicochemical properties, amino acid profile, formulation, and sensory and microbiological properties. The research employed quantitative, exploratory, and experimental methodologies utilizing a bifactorial design (3 × 2). This research investigated the effect of cooking and the type of sweetener on the quality of sweetened products. Six treatments were applied, and sensory analysis was performed to determine the optimal treatment. The most effective treatment was a2b2 (cooked for 30 min at 65 ±3°C and sweetened with panela). Upon further analysis, this treatment had a moisture content of 94.7%, ash content of 0.85%, protein content of 0.59%, ethereal extract EE of 2.18%, fiber content of 0.80%, non-nitrogenous extract-ENN of 0.85%, pH of 4.37, Brix of 1.80°, and titratable acidity of 1.92%. A comparison of O. bataua beverages with similar beverages indicated their acceptable nutritional value. Amino acid profile analysis showed the presence of 10 amino acids, of which 8 were essential, and 10 were non-essential. Histidine had the highest concentration in the beverage, with an average of 77%. To ensure the safety and quality of the beverage, a microbiological analysis was performed in compliance with NTE-INEN 3028 standards. No mesophilic aerobes, Salmonella spp., or total coliforms were detected. Therefore, the proposed beverage is safe and nutritionally valuable because of its high amino acid content, balanced physicochemical composition, and sufficient microbiological composition.
Liminalumas Jurgos Ivanauskaitės romanuose „Agnijos magija“ ir „Sapnų nublokšti“
Authors: Mikulskaitė Eglė
Published: August 2024

Straipsnyje tiriamas liminalus, pereinamasis, etapas Jurgos Ivanauskaitės romanuose „Agnijos magija“ (1995) ir „Sapnų nublokšti“ (2000). Liminalumas, remiantis antropologais Arnoldu Van Gennepu, Victoru Turneriu ir Bjørnu Thomassenu, apibrėžiamas kaip tarpinė, slenkstinė būklė atsiskyrus nuo stabilių socialinių ar kultūrinių sąlygų, netekus ankstesnių tapatybės orientyrų. Analizuojamos liminaliame etape atsiduriančių veikėjų patirtys, joms būdinga vertybinė raiška, siekiama nustatyti, kokios jos – formuojančios ar destruktyvios, panašios abiejuose romanuose ar skiriasi. Siekiama į šiuos romanus pažvelgti autorės biografiniame ir budizmo sąvokų fone, manant, kad Ivanauskaitės patirtys Rytuose reikšmingai paveikė mums svarbias romanų idėjas ir jų kaitą. Atskleidžiama, jog liminalusis etapas turi pozityvių bruožų, įgalina tobulėti dvasiškai ir integruotis į pasaulį pasitelkiant budizmą bei asmenines pastangas („Agnijos magija“). Tačiau šiam tarpsniui būdinga įstrigtis gali būti itin destruktyvi, paralyžiuojanti, sukaustanti galimą tapsmą („Sapnų nublokšti“). Abiejuose romanuose personažų liminalumas pažymėtas kančia, iliuzijomis, fanatizmu, priešiškumu aplinkai ir neatsparumu svetimoms įtakoms. Į liminalumą žvelgiama kaip į etapą, kuris turėtų pasibaigti integracija.
Dar vienas žvilgsnis į Vydūną
Authors: Petrauskaitė Danutė
Published: August 2024

Nuo filosofo, rašytojo, Vytauto Didžiojo universiteto garbės daktaro Vydūno (1868–1953) mirties prabėgo daugiau kaip 70 metų. Apie jo kūrybą yra publikuota nemažai mokslinių darbų, perleidžiami šio rašytojo veikalai, nuolat rengiamos konferencijos, kuriose analizuojamos filosofo išsakytos mintys, neprarandančios aktualumo ir šiandien. Todėl tikėtis atrasti naujų šaltinių – dar neskelbtų laiškų ar memuarų, kai viskas, atrodytų, jau surinkta ir susisteminta, – yra sunku. Ir vis dėlto retkarčiais viename ar kitame archyve pavyksta aptikti svarbių dokumentų, susijusių su Vydūno asmeniu. Šiame straipsnyje aptariami kompozitoriaus ir muzikologo Juozo Žilevičiaus ryšiai su legendiniu Mažosios Lietuvos mąstytoju ir pateikiami niekam nežinomi šio muziko atsiminimai, suteikiantys galimybę giliau pažvelgti į Vydūno muzikinę veiklą.
Sensitive and cost-effective citrate-based RNA extraction procedure for isolation of RNA from Tilapia Lake Virus-infected fish
Authors: Saranya S.R. , Sudhakaran R.
Published: August 2024

Aquaculture plays a crucial role in improving global nutrition and food security, with tilapia being a widely farmed fish species. However, the emergence of Tilapia Lake Virus Disease (TiLVD) poses a significant threat to the aquaculture industry and food security. This study aims to develop a novel and cost-effective RNA extraction method for the accurate diagnosis of TiLVD. It utilizes a Citrate buffer-based approach, which eliminates the need for harsh organic solvents and DNase treatment, simplifying the extraction process, reducing costs, and promoting environmental sustainability. The conventional Trizol method was used as a control for comparison. The results of the study demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of the Citrate buffer-based RNA extraction method in comparison to the Trizol technique. This novel method has the potential to enhance disease surveillance, facilitate early detection, and enable effective management strategies for TiLVD. Furthermore, high-quality RNA samples obtained through this method may contribute to a better understanding of TiLVD pathogenesis, viral load dynamics, and host–virus interactions. Overall, the development of a robust and affordable RNA extraction method specifically tailored for TiLVD diagnosis holds immense potential for the aquaculture industry. It addresses the limitations of existing techniques and contributes to the sustainable management of tilapia aquaculture.
Genetic code expansion, click chemistry, and light-activated PI3K reveal details of membrane protein trafficking downstream of receptor tyrosine kinases
Authors: Koh Duk-Su , Stratiievska Anastasiia , Jana Subhashis , Otto Shauna C , Swanson Teresa M , Nhim Anthony , Carlson Sara , Raza Marium , Naves Ligia Araujo , Senning Eric N , Mehl Ryan A , Gordon Sharona E
Published: August 2024

Ligands such as insulin, epidermal growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, and nerve growth factor (NGF) initiate signals at the cell membrane by binding to receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Along with G-protein-coupled receptors, RTKs are the main platforms for transducing extracellular signals into intracellular signals. Studying RTK signaling has been a challenge, however, due to the multiple signaling pathways to which RTKs typically are coupled, including MAP/ERK, PLCγ, and Class 1A phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K). The multi-pronged RTK signaling has been a barrier to isolating the effects of any one downstream pathway. Here, we used optogenetic activation of PI3K to decouple its activation from other RTK signaling pathways. In this context, we used genetic code expansion to introduce a click chemistry noncanonical amino acid into the extracellular side of membrane proteins. Applying a cell-impermeant click chemistry fluorophore allowed us to visualize delivery of membrane proteins to the plasma membrane in real time. Using these approaches, we demonstrate that activation of PI3K, without activating other pathways downstream of RTK signaling, is sufficient to traffic the TRPV1 ion channels and insulin receptors to the plasma membrane.
FBXO24 deletion causes abnormal accumulation of membraneless electron-dense granules in sperm flagella and male infertility
Authors: Kaneda Yuki , Miyata Haruhiko , Xu Zoulan , Shimada Keisuke , Kamoshita Maki , Nakagawa Tatsuya , Emori Chihiro , Ikawa Masahito
Published: August 2024

Ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules are membraneless electron-dense structures rich in RNAs and proteins, and involved in various cellular processes. Two RNP granules in male germ cells, intermitochondrial cement and the chromatoid body (CB), are associated with PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) and are required for transposon silencing and spermatogenesis. Other RNP granules in male germ cells, the reticulated body and CB remnants, are also essential for spermiogenesis. In this study, we disrupted FBXO24, a testis-enriched F-box protein, in mice and found numerous membraneless electron-dense granules accumulated in sperm flagella. Fbxo24 knockout (KO) mice exhibited malformed flagellar structures, impaired sperm motility, and male infertility, likely due to the accumulation of abnormal granules. The amount and localization of known RNP granule-related proteins were not disrupted in Fbxo24 KO mice, suggesting that the accumulated granules were distinct from known RNP granules. Further studies revealed that RNAs and two importins, IPO5 and KPNB1, abnormally accumulated in Fbxo24 KO spermatozoa and that FBXO24 could ubiquitinate IPO5. In addition, IPO5 and KPNB1 were recruited to stress granules, RNP complexes, when cells were treated with oxidative stress or a proteasome inhibitor. These results suggest that FBXO24 is involved in the degradation of IPO5, disruption of which may lead to the accumulation of abnormal RNP granules in sperm flagella.
Apical constriction requires patterned apical surface remodeling to synchronize cellular deformation
Authors: Yamashita Satoshi , Ishihara Shuji , Graner François
Published: August 2024

Apical constriction is a basic mechanism for epithelial morphogenesis, making columnar cells into wedge shape and bending a flat cell sheet. It has long been thought that an apically localized myosin generates a contractile force and drives the cell deformation. However, when we tested the increased apical surface contractility in a cellular Potts model simulation, the constriction increased a pressure inside the cell and pushed its lateral surface outward, making the cell into not the wedge shape but instead a drop shape. To keep the lateral surface straight, we considered an alternative model in which the cell shape was determined by cell membrane elasticity and endocytosis, and the increased pressure is balanced among the cells. The cellular Potts model simulation succeeded in reproducing the apical constriction, and it also suggested that a too strong apical surface tension might prevent the tissue invagination.
Taste triggers a homeostatic temperature control in hungry flies
Authors: Umezaki Yujiro , Hidalgo Sergio , Nguyen Erika , Nguyen Tiffany , Suh Jay , Uchino Sheena S , Chiu Joanna C , Hamada Fumika N
Published: August 2024

Hungry animals consistently show a desire to obtain food. Even a brief sensory detection of food can trigger bursts of physiological and behavioral changes. However, the underlying mechanisms by which the sensation of food triggers the acute behavioral response remain elusive. We have previously shown in
Drosophila
that hunger drives a preference for low temperature. Because
Drosophila
is a small ectotherm, a preference for low temperature implies a low body temperature and a low metabolic rate. Here, we show that taste sensing triggers a switch from a low to a high temperature preference in hungry flies. We show that taste stimulation by artificial sweeteners or optogenetics triggers an acute warm preference, but is not sufficient to reach the fed state. Instead, nutrient intake is required to reach the fed state. The data suggest that starvation recovery is controlled by two components: taste-evoked and nutrient-induced warm preferences, and that taste and nutrient quality play distinct roles in starvation recovery. Animals are motivated to eat based on time of day or hunger. We found that clock genes and hunger signals profoundly control the taste-evoked warm preferences. Thus, our data suggest that the taste-evoked response is one of the critical layers of regulatory mechanisms representing internal energy homeostasis and metabolism.
Muscle-resident mesenchymal progenitors sense and repair peripheral nerve injury via the GDNF-BDNF axis
Authors: Yoo Kyusang , Jo Young-Woo , Yoo Takwon , Hann Sang-Hyeon , Park Inkuk , Kim Yea-Eun , Kim Ye Lynne , Rhee Joonwoo , Song In-Wook , Kim Ji-Hoon , Baek Daehyun , Kong Young-Yun
Published: August 2024

Fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are muscle-resident mesenchymal progenitors that can contribute to muscle tissue homeostasis and regeneration, as well as postnatal maturation and lifelong maintenance of the neuromuscular system. Recently, traumatic injury to the peripheral nerve was shown to activate FAPs, suggesting that FAPs can respond to nerve injury. However, questions of how FAPs can sense the anatomically distant peripheral nerve injury and whether FAPs can directly contribute to nerve regeneration remained unanswered. Here, utilizing single-cell transcriptomics and mouse models, we discovered that a subset of FAPs expressing GDNF receptors
Ret
and
Gfra1
can respond to peripheral nerve injury by sensing GDNF secreted by Schwann cells. Upon GDNF sensing, this subset becomes activated and expresses
Bdnf
. FAP-specific inactivation of
Bdnf
(

Prrx1
Cre

;

Bdnf
fl/fl

) resulted in delayed nerve regeneration owing to defective remyelination, indicating that GDNF-sensing FAPs play an important role in the remyelination process during peripheral nerve regeneration. In aged mice, significantly reduced
Bdnf
expression in FAPs was observed upon nerve injury, suggesting the clinical relevance of FAP-derived BDNF in the age-related delays in nerve regeneration. Collectively, our study revealed the previously unidentified role of FAPs in peripheral nerve regeneration, and the molecular mechanism behind FAPs’ response to peripheral nerve injury.
Silicone Wire Embolization-induced Acute Retinal Artery Ischemia and Reperfusion Model in Mouse: Gene Expression Provides Insight into Pathological Processes
Authors: Wang Yuedan , Li Ying , Feng Jiaqing , Wang Chuansen , Wan Yuwei , Lv Bingyang , Li Yinming , Xie Hao , Chen Ting , Wang Faxi , Li Ziyue , Yang Anhuai , Xiao Xuan
Published: August 2024

Acute retinal ischemia and ischemia-reperfusion injury are the primary causes of retinal neural cell death and vision loss in retinal artery occlusion (RAO). The absence of an accurate mouse model for simulating the retinal ischemic process has hindered progress in developing neuroprotective agents for RAO. We developed a unilateral pterygopalatine ophthalmic artery occlusion (UPOAO) mouse model using silicone wire embolization combined with carotid artery ligation. The survival of retinal ganglion cells and visual function were evaluated to determine the duration of ischemia. Immunofluorescence staining, optical coherence tomography, and haematoxylin and eosin staining were utilized to assess changes in major neural cell classes and retinal structure degeneration at two reperfusion durations. Transcriptomics was employed to investigate alterations in the pathological process of UPOAO following ischemia and reperfusion, highlighting transcriptomic differences between UPOAO and other retinal ischemia-reperfusion models. The UPOAO model successfully replicated the acute interruption of retinal blood supply observed in RAO. 60-minutes of Ischemia led to significant loss of major retinal neural cells and visual function impairment. Notable thinning of the inner retinal layer, especially the ganglion cell layer, was evident post-UPOAO. Temporal transcriptome analysis revealed various pathophysiological processes related to immune cell migration, oxidative stress, and immune inflammation during the non-reperfusion and reperfusion periods. A pronounced increase in microglia within the retina and peripheral leukocytes accessing the retina was observed during reperfusion periods. Comparison of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the UPOAO and high intraocular pressure models revealed specific enrichments in lipid and steroid metabolism-related genes in the UPOAO model. The UPOAO model emerges as a novel tool for screening pathogenic genes and promoting further therapeutic research in RAO.
Effects of a forest therapy camp on cancer survivors’ stress, mood and natural killer cells in Korea
Authors: Chae Young Ran , Park Su Youn , Kang So Yean , Kang Hyo Young , Lee Sun Hee , Jo Young Mi , Cheon In Sun
Published: August 2024

Purpose: This study investigated changes in psychological and physiological indices in cancer survivors who participated in a forest therapy camp in Korea.Methods: A total of 37 cancer survivors (19 and 18 in the experimental and control groups, respectively) participated in this study. Over a 2-night and 3-day period, the participants in the experimental group took part in a forest therapy camp that included activities such as gymnastics, walking, five-senses experiences, and meditation. Both groups completed self-report questionnaires that measured their stress levels and profile of mood states, both before and after the forest therapy camp. Blood samples were collected to measure the levels of cortisol, serotonin, and natural killer (NK) cells.Results: After the forest therapy camp, the experimental group exhibited reduced stress levels (p = .031) and a significant improvement in total mood disturbance (p = .047) when compared with the control group. The level of serotonin also significantly increased (p < .001). However, in contrast to the prediction, a significant increase in cortisol was noted in the experimental group relative to the control group (p = .016). Moreover, no significant difference in NK cells was noted between the two groups.Conclusion: Forest therapy can be easily applied to cancer survivors. The positive psychological effects of the forest therapy camp were confirmed by improvements in stress and mood states and the increased level of serotonin in forest therapy camp participants. However, there is a need for a follow-up evaluation of cortisol and NK cells due to the absence of significant between-group differences.
Método CRET: Una propuesta para incorporar áreas de riesgo concatenado sismo-tsunami en la planificación territorial chilena
Authors: Inzunza Simón , Martínez Carolina
Published: August 2024

Ante la ausencia metodológica para cuantificar riesgo concatenado sismo-tsunami en Chile, CRET (Concatenated Risk by Earthquake-Tsunami) es una propuesta para estimar (con Sistemas de Información Geográfica, datos de bases públicas y encuestas) los impactos de un tsunami una vez ocurrido un sismo, como insumo a la incorporación de áreas de riesgo en los Instrumentos de Planificación Territorial (IPT). CRET fue aplicado en la localidad de San Sebastián, municipio de Cartagena, Chile. Se encontró que 43 manzanas censales estaban expuestas a riesgo concatenado ante un escenario tsunamigénico similar al generado por el sismo de 1730, de las cuales 5 tuvieron riesgo bajo (11,6%), 13 resultaron en riesgo medio (30,3%) y 25 alcanzaron riesgo alto (58,1%). Mediante el establecimiento de tres niveles de riesgo y un enfoque de gestión prospectiva del riesgo, se generaron disposiciones para la adaptabilidad de elementos expuestos, se establecieron exigencias para nuevos usos de suelo y se indicaron lineamientos para un plan integral de reducción del riesgo.
Forma urbana y vitalidad en la ciudad dispersa latinoamericana. El caso de Mendoza, Argentina
Authors: Oliver-Pujol Mariona , Silvestro-Geuna Josemaria
Published: August 2024

La vitalidad urbana es una cualidad que puede contribuir a la sustentabilidad social de las metrópolis. Sin embargo, en la nueva ciudad dispersa latinoamericana, dicha vitalidad tiende a ser baja. Tomando como caso de estudio Mendoza (Argentina), el artículo explora cómo se relaciona el entorno construido con la vida en el espacio público. Se utiliza el análisis morfológico y la observación de la vitalidad en una muestra de doce unidades residenciales, para establecer correlaciones paramétricas y relaciones de carácter cualitativo. Los resultados muestran que la vitalidad urbana está relacionada con una mayor densidad habitacional, con una mejor integración del viario con el entorno y con espacios urbanos íntimos cuyas viviendas posean antejardines, todo lo cual señala la importancia de la morfología de cara a potenciar la presencia de usuarios. No obstante, esta dinámica es más acusada en las calles, ya que las plazas se muestran más independientes del entorno construido.
Gentrificación transnacional y nómadas digitales en la zona central de la Ciudad de México
Authors: Navarrete David , Whitney Ryan , Krstikj Aleksandra
Published: August 2024

La gentrificación transnacional es un fenómeno documentado en América Latina desde hace al menos una década. En el contexto de la emergencia sanitaria mundial ocasionada por la pandemia de Covid‑19, un número importante de trabajadores de países de alto ingreso pudieron laborar de forma remota desde el sur global. Esto permitió una fuerte movilidad internacional que introdujo nuevos actores y nuevos destinos de gentrificación transnacional. Esta investigación mixta realiza una exploración del impacto de extranjeros denominados nómadas digitales en la zona central de la Ciudad de México (CDMX). Los indicadores del estudio han sido la especialización comercial y la evolución del mercado inmobiliario. Se encontró que las colonias analizadas han tenido una mutación comercial, de vivienda y sociocultural derivada de la presencia de extranjeros. La gentrificación transnacional conducida por nómadas digitales acelera procesos de gentrificación previos y acentúa la exclusión socioterritorial de la metrópoli.
Estigmatización territorial: Marginalidad urbana y fronteras simbólicas en Latinoamérica
Authors: Vargas-Villafuerte Jaime
Published: August 2024

El artículo analiza el concepto de estigmatización territorial con el objetivo de desarrollar un marco analítico para entender mejor este fenómeno desde una perspectiva latinoamericana. A pesar de la emergente producción empírica sobre estigmatización territorial en Latinoamérica, aún resulta incipiente, en comparación con la extensa literatura anglosajona. Por ello, este artículo responde a esta brecha en el conocimiento y brinda una revisión de los debates producidos en Latinoamérica durante las últimas dos décadas. Así, se desprenden dos premisas. Por un lado, se resalta la estigmatización territorial como una expresión de la marginalidad urbana bajo el neoliberalismo. Por el otro, a pesar del contexto de marginalidad, se propone que las subjetividades de los estigmatizados se volvieron congruentes con los principios neoliberales de la economía, generando fronteras simbólicas al interior de sus barrios.