bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Foreign Direct Investment in ASEAN Economies
Authors: Chia Siow Yue
Published: June 2023

The economies of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)—comprising Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand—have enjoyed robust economic growth rates in the past two decades. A conducive external environment, an outward-looking development strategy which emphasizes the role of foreign trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) and political, social and economic stability have contributed to economic buoyancy, high levels of investment and employment generation, rising productivity and skill development, and sharply improved export performance in manufactures. At the same time, the buoyant economies have acted as a magnet to attract further inward investment flows. Thus, FDI acts as both cause and effect in economic growth and facilitates economic upgrading…
Prospects for Foreign Firms in Developing Economies of the Asian and Pacific Region
Authors: Ramstetter Eric D.
Published: June 2023

In the last two decades, several developing economies in the Asian and Pacific region, notably the Asian newly industrializing economies (NIEs)—Hong Kong; Republic of Korea; Singapore; and Taipei, China—and the four larger members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN-4)—Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines and Thailand—have benefited from foreign direct investment (FDI) and related contributions by foreign multinational firms to economic growth and development. Partially in response to positive contributions in these and other developing economies, other economies in the Asian and Pacific region have also encouraged FDI in more recent years, with the People’s Republic of China, beginning in the late 1970s, being the most prominent example. The four largest members of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC-4)—Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka—also began to encourage FDI more in the late 1980s…
Population Growth and Economic Development Revisited with Reference to Asia
Authors: Jha Satish C. , Deolalikar Anil B. , Pernia Ernesto M.
Published: June 2023

Population growth and economic development is a centuries-old theme that regained prominence in the 1960s. At that time, several developing countries experienced sharp accelerations in their population growth rates, just as they were formulating or revising their development plans and strategies. However, in most cases population growth was regarded as a given. In the 1970s, the population issue took a back seat as attention was focused on basic needs and income distribution concerns, not to mention the difficulties brought about by the oil shocks. The 1980s saw the debt problem coming to a head and commodity prices plummeting, which, among other factors, intensified the need for structural reforms. These market-based reforms have led to beneficial and enduring results in a number of East and Southeast Asian developing countries. These countries have largely accounted for the much-vaunted economic dynamism of the Asian and Pacific region…
The State of India’s Urban Poverty
Authors: Mathur Om Prakash
Published: June 2023

Over the last two decades, the incidence of poverty has declined in India. Indeed, using the official data on poverty incidence without any form of adjustment, the decline would appear to be dramatic, with the headcount index dropping from 51.5 per cent in 1972/73 to 29.9 per cent in 1987/88, and the absolute numbers of the poor from 291.6 million to 237.67 million during the same period…
Urban Poverty in Indonesia: Trends, Issues, and Policies
Authors: Firdausy Carunia Mulya
Published: June 2023

Urban poverty will be among the great development challenges to face Indonesia in the 1990s and beyond. One explanation for this is that urbanization will likely accelerate in the future, while efforts to deal with it will remain inadequate. This inadequacy will occur not only because of the lack of development funds to provide goods and services to meet basic urban needs, but also because of the government’s limitations to create urban employment opportunities. In addition, it is widely felt that policies to meet rapid urbanization will tend to benefit the nonpoor more than the urban poor, as in the past…
Urban Poverty in the Republic of Korea: Critical Issues and Policy Measures
Authors: Kim Jong-Gie
Published: June 2023

The economic development of the Republic of Korea (henceforth Korea) has been among the most rapid and sustained in the world. By pursuing an industrialization-led development strategy since 1961, Korea has achieved considerable economic growth and structural transformation from a largely agricultural, subsistence economy into a newly industrialized one, despite the lack of significant natural resources and the burden of high defense expenditures. In the promotion of economic development through mass industrialization, the distribution of the labor force underwent a drastic change. From 1960 to 1990, the agriculture sector was reduced to less than a third of its former size, while the mining, manufacturing, and construction sectors together more than tripled in magnitude…
Recent Developments in International Financial Markets
Authors: Khan Mohsin S.
Published: June 2023

This paper describes developments in international financial markets during 1993 and the first half of 1994. It covers three main areas. First, it discusses the widespread and simultaneous fall in bond prices in the major industrial countries during the first quarter of 1994. Second, it describes the rapid growth of derivatives and other new financial instruments in recent years, and the initiatives that have emerged to regulate and supervise these innovations. Finally, the paper examines developing country international financing issues, focusing in particular on the continued surge of private capital inflows experienced by a large number of Asian countries.
Managing International Reserves in Developing Countries
Authors: Miller Norman C.
Published: June 2023

The paper first presents data on international reserve holdings since the early 1960s for major groupings of countries, including the Asian developing nations. It also shows that the volume of capital flows to developing nations skyrocketed in the early 1990s, and that the composition of these flows changed in a direction that makes them more easily reversed. Then the paper carefully reviews and critiques the literature on the demand for international reserves. The practical significance of all this is summarized in a concluding section, which contains a list of suggestions for policymakers.
Economic Growth, Relative Inequality, and Equity: The Case of India
Authors: Tendulkar S. D. , Jain L.R.
Published: June 2023

This paper examines the links between economic growth, relative inequality, and equity (defined as an unambiguous reduction in poverty as well as an increase in social welfare) in the Indian context. For this purpose, the equivalent analytical results on poverty and social welfare orderings are applied to the price-adjusted size distributions of consumer expenditure for the rural, urban, and entire (rural plus urban) population of India over eight time-points between 1970 and 1989. Unambiguous improvement in poverty and social welfare was indicated in as many as 20 (rural), 21 (urban), and 22 (entire) populations out of 28 binary comparisons each. Improvement under somewhat more stringent assumptions was indicated in eight more cases. As many as 32 out of 71 comparisons involving improved equity were characterized by a rise in relative inequality. These results indicate that contrary to the earlier widely held perceptions, compared with the 1970s which was characterized by slow economic growth, the faster rate of growth in India in the 1980s was associated with more frequent equitable distributional outcomes.
The Emerging Global Trading Environment: Implications for Bangladesh
Authors: Reza Sadrel
Published: June 2023

Successive rounds of MTNs under the auspices of the GATT—now replaced by WTO—have resulted in a rules-based international trading system for increased liberalization of the world economy. The scope of the various agreements has been quite comprehensive, covering both traditional as well as a number of new issues which include trade in services, intellectual property rights, and trade-related investment measures. Yet, the emerging multilateral trading arrangement remains embroiled in controversies relating to child labor, human rights, working conditions, environment, corruption, and multilateral agreement on investment. The paper assesses the impact of this gradually unfolding scenario on the exports and growth potentials of Bangladesh. The results, although found to be positive on balance, are expected to be rather mixed for different sectors / subsectors of the economy. In the end, of course, much will depend on the speed and efficacy with which the country can adopt efficiency-enhancing measures in production lines, and reform and improve its administrative and legal systems.
Public Economics, Public Projects, and their Funding
Authors: Drèze Jacques H.
Published: June 2023

This paper illustrates the contribution of public economics to the analysis of public projects. The illustrations pertain to peak-load pricing (electricity) and to second-best pricing under a budget constraint (subways), also taking into account the pricing of substitutes (rail versus canals, fixed link versus air or ferries). The paper next reviews some difficulties in evaluating costs and benefits (for the Channel tunnel), compares briefly private versus public implementation, then turns to funding. After reviewing the pricing of derivatives in the Capital Asset Pricing Model and the computation of risk premia for public projects, the case for funding public projects on world capital markets is presented and applied to the denomination of Third World debt. The paper ends on a plea to consider the merits of a “World Insurance Agency for Development”.
Income-Environment Relationship: How Different is Asia?
Authors: Islam Nazrul
Published: June 2023

This paper shows that there is no rule that the environment has to first deteriorate with economic growth and improve only later. There is no absolute, invariant income-environment relationship (IER) to imply such a rule. This is shown by estimating IER for Asia and comparing it with the same for other regions of the world. It is found that IERs differ widely across regions and across pollutants, and do not usually conform to the shape implied by the Environmental Kuznets’s Curve hypothesis. This indicates that the role of income in explaining pollution dynamics is limited. With appropriate policies, pollution level can be kept low even during the initial stage of economic growth. In particular, policy measures are urgently needed in Asian countries to reduce solid particulate matter in air, and nitrate and arsenic in water.
Asia’s Demographic Transition
Authors: Caldwell John C. , Caldwell Bruce K.
Published: June 2023

At the end of the Second World War, it was uncertain whether Asia would follow Western countries in experiencing a demographic transition, due to its low per capita incomes, apart from Japan. Unexpectedly, most of Asia experienced unprecedented steep mortality declines from 1945 and accounted disproportionately for the so-called global “population explosion”. The movement toward long-term equilibrium began with fertility declines starting in the 1960s. These were produced by both socioeconomic change and strong national family planning programs. Population growth rates declined from 1970, and most of the increase now is taking place in urban areas. Demographic pressures on resources will be greatest in South Asia, which is likely to experience a further population increase of around 70 percent. The East Asian economic “meltdown” is unlikely to slow down the demographic transition. In some countries, notably Indonesia, mortality decline may decrease or temporarily cease, but fertility decline may accelerate.
Strengthening the International Financial Architecture
Authors: Srinivasan T.N.
Published: June 2023

After reviewing the post-World War II evolution of the international financial architecture, this paper presents a critical appraisal of current proposals for reform: limiting capital account convertibility, introducing an international lender of last resort, and reforming debt market institutions and instruments. These proposals do not quite examine whether the potential of triggering a contagious crisis is confined to a few countries. Instead of looking for an institutional framework that in an abstract and universal sense minimizes the probability of a crisis, a more modest approach focusing on countries that could potentially trigger a crisis could have a much higher payoff.
Interpreting the Asian Financial Crisis: Open Issues in Theory and Policy
Authors: Corsetti Giancarlo
Published: June 2023

This paper discusses the theoretical and policy debate on the crisis in Southeast Asia. After contrasting competing interpretations of the crisis, the paper presents stylized facts about fundamental imbalances in the economies of the region before the currency collapse. Then, it reviews current theories of currency and financial instability, assessing them as interpretive schemes of the crisis. In light of facts and theories, a final section discusses emerging policy issues, including both structural and cyclical aspects of the recovery.
Foreign Trade and Investment Policies in Developing Asia
Authors: DeRosa Dean A.
Published: June 2023

This paper examines the evolution of foreign trade and investment policies in developing Asian countries vis-à-vis emerging market countries and other developing countries in the rest of the world since the mid-1980s. It reveals that non-Asian emerging market countries have made appreciable progress in closing the “trade policy gap” with leading East Asian countries. It also reports indications that emerging market countries outside Asia are more liberal today in their policies toward foreign direct investment than many if not most East Asian countries. In the aftermath of the Asian financial crisis and recession, these findings point to the importance of maintaining, if not also deepening, reforms to foreign trade and investment policies in developing Asia. This is important so that the region might continue to attract a commanding share of foreign direct investment flows and enjoy the related trade and other economic benefits of this investment in the increasingly more competitive global economy.
Investing in Child Nutrition in Asia
Authors: Mason John , Hunt Joseph , Parker David , Jonsson Urban
Published: June 2023

Child malnutrition is pervasive and persistent in Asia, and at present rates it will take decades to halve the prevalence—a goal common to many national plans. Nutrition-oriented programs are familiar in most countries, but have far too low coverage and resources, which is wasteful as well as ineffective. A massive expansion of community-based programs is feasible, with well-established activities (usually including support to: antenatal care, breastfeeding, caring practices including complementary feeding, growth monitoring, access to health care). Networks of local workers, ensuring individual contact with families, are the essential feature. Requirements including costs are proposed. Micronutrient deficiency control programs must also be expanded towards universal coverage. Context is crucial to success, important examples being women’s status, social exclusion, political commitment, community organizations, and literacy; policies should be directed to improving these. Assessing and building local capacity, and resolving certain generic issues, are early priorities.
On the Boolean Closure of Deterministic Top-Down Tree Automata
Authors: Löding Christof , Thomas Wolfgang
Published: June 2023

The class of Boolean combinations of tree languages recognized by deterministic top-down tree automata (also known as deterministic root-to-frontier automata) is studied. The problem of determining for a given regular tree language whether it belongs to this class is open. We provide some progress by two results: First, a characterization of this class by a natural extension of deterministic top-down tree automata is presented, and as an application we obtain a convenient method to show that certain regular tree languages are outside this class. In the second result, it is shown that, for fixed [Formula: see text], it is decidable whether a regular tree language is a Boolean combination of [Formula: see text] tree languages recognized by deterministic top-down tree automata.
Robust Subgroup Multisignature with One-Time Public Keys in Order
Authors: Wang Zhiwei , Tian Chen , Wang Zhanlin , Wang Yuhang
Published: June 2023

Robust subgroup multisignature allows any subgroup of signers from a global set to sign a given message on behalf of the whole group, and the individual signatures should be verified before the combination process, which resists poison signature attacks. An emerging application of robust subgroup multisignatures in blockchain is that a qualified subgroup of a global set of users has reached agreement. In the integrated blockchain and edge computing system, the edge server can naturally act as a combiner in multisignatures and help other end devices produce the final aggregate signature. In this paper, we propose a robust subgroup multisignature with one-time public keys in order that has two advantages for solving the signers ordering problem and one-time public key problem simultaneously. Our scheme is a nontrivial extension of Galindo et al.’s robust subgroup multisignature scheme and can be proven unforgeable, robust and chronological in random oracles. Our scheme can also be suitable for the consortium blockchain by adding a noninteractive zero-knowledge (NIZK) proof system for certifying the one-time public keys.
Evolution of Rényi-2 quantum correlations in a double cavity–magnon system
Authors: Hidki Abdelkader , Lakhfif Abderrahim , El Qars Jamal , Nassik Mostafa
Published: June 2023

This work reports on the stationary evolution of three different kinds of quantum correlations between two distant magnon modes. The system at hand consists of two spatially separated cavities, where each cavity has a microwave (MW) cavity and a magnon mode. The two cavities are coupled to each other via the photon-tunneling process, and both are exposed to the output field of a squeezed vacuum MW fields source. By calculating the covariance matrix fully describing the state of the two magnon modes, we give the explicit expressions of the measures of correlations defined via the Rényi-2 entropy, i.e. the Gaussian quantum steering [Formula: see text], Gaussian Rényi-2 entanglement [Formula: see text] and Gaussian Rényi-2 mutual information [Formula: see text]. We find that, the quantum steering is always upper bounded by the entanglement, which is in turn always upper bounded by half of the total correlations. The obtained results are consistent with the hierarchical Rényi-2 quantum correlations established in [L. Lami, C. Hirche, G. Adesso and A. Winter, Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 220502 (2016)], i.e. they fulfill the hierarchical inequality [Formula: see text]. The influences of the squeezing parameter, the environmental temperature, the cavity–magnon coupling and the cavity–cavity coupling on the correlations are studied in detail.
The production of charged particles and the kaonic nuclei K−pp and K+p̄p̄ in Au + Au collisions at s = 130 GeV
Authors: Thongyoo Natthaphat , Srisawad Pornrad , Tomuang Kristiya , Sittiketkorn Panadda , Chaimongkon Phacharatouch , Yan Yu-Liang , Limphirat Ayut , Kobdaj Chinorat , Sombun Sukanya , Yan Yupeng
Published: June 2023

This study investigates the production of charged particles and the kaonic nuclei [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text] collisions at [Formula: see text] GeV. The parton and hadron cascade model PACIAE 2.1 is used to calculate the yield of charged particles, and the Dynamically Constrained Phase–space Coalescence (DCPC) model is used to calculate the yield of kaonic nuclei. Results showed that the yield of charged particles was consistent with experimental data from the STAR detector at Brookhaven National Laboratory (United States). The data also revealed that the simulated yield of [Formula: see text] was greater than the yield of [Formula: see text]. The kaonic nuclei [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] are probably formed by [Formula: see text](or [Formula: see text]) directly trapping two protons (or antiprotons).
The Corrugated Hills Continental Flood Basalt: a
c.
2.17 Ga flood basalt province related to breakup of the Superior craton
Authors: van Rooyen Deanne , Sappin Anne-Aurélie , Corrigan David , Rayner Nicole , Houlé Michel G.
Published: June 2023

This study documents a major continental flood basalt province in the central Labrador Trough that produced voluminous mafic magmatism along the palaeo-rifted margin of the Superior craton. This area, representing a preserved magma volume of approximately 25 000 km
3
, is characterized by classic ‘traps’ topography with columnar-jointed flows and sills separated by thin clastic sedimentary layers. A gabbroic sill near the bottom of the sequence yielded a U–Pb zircon age of 2166 ± 4 Ma, and another near the middle of the sequence yielded a 2171 ± 3 Ma U–Pb zircon age. These ages overlap in time with published ages of mafic dyke swarms that radiate outwards into the adjacent Superior craton, namely the Biscotasing (2172–2167 Ma) and Payne River (2170–2160 Ma) dykes, as well as the Otish sills (2172–2162 Ma) and Tasiataq (2170 Ma) dyke. Our data suggest that these central Labrador magmas, named the Corrugated Hills Continental Flood Basalt, were emplaced near or above a mantle plume head, leading to thermal uplift and then rifting of the Superior craton margin. Field relationships suggest that these magmas were erupted through thinned Archean crust as a rift-related continental flood basalt suite. The Corrugated Hills Continental Flood Basalt province represents remnants of one of the oldest continental flood basalt provinces on Earth.
Catalyst Aggregate Size Effect on the Mass Transport Properties of Non-Noble Metal Catalyst Layers for PEMFC Cathodes
Authors: Ünsal Seçil , Bozzetti Michele , Chen Yen-Chun , Girod Robin , Berger Anne , Diercks Justus S. , Gialamoidou Sofia , Lyu Jike , Medarde Marisa , Gasteiger Hubert A. , Tileli Vasiliki , Schmidt Thomas J. , Herranz Juan
Published: June 2023

Non-noble metal catalysts (NNMCs) are regarded as a promising alternative to the costly Pt-based materials required to catalyze the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) cathodes. However, the large diversity of NNMC synthesis approaches reported in the literature results in materials featuring a wide variety of particle sizes and morphologies, and the effect of these properties on these catalysts’ PEMFC performance remains poorly understood. To shed light on this matter, in this work we studied the physical and electrochemical properties of NNMC layers prepared from materials featuring broadly different aggregate sizes, whereby this property was tuned by ball milling the precursors used in the NNMCs’ synthesis in the absence vs presence of a solvent. This led to two NNMCs featuring similar Fe-speciations and ORR-activities, but with vastly different aggregate sizes of >5 μm vs ≈100 nm, respectively. Following the extensive characterization of catalyst layers (CLs) prepared with these materials via electron microscopy and X-ray tomography, PEMFC tests at different loadings unveiled that the smaller aggregate size and ≈20% higher porosity of the CL prepared from the wet-milled sample resulted in an improvement of its mass transport properties (as well as a ≈2-fold enhancement of its peak power density under H2/air operation) over the dry-milled material.
Recovery from FOLFOX chemotherapy-induced systemic and skeletal muscle metabolic dysfunction in mice
Authors: Halle Jessica L. , Counts Brittany R. , Paez Hector G. , Baumfalk Dryden R. , Zhang Quan , Mohamed Junaith S. , Glazer Evan S. , Puppa Melissa J. , Smuder Ashley J. , Alway Stephen E. , Carson James A.
Published: June 2023

The present study demonstrates that FOLFOX chemotherapy induces long-lasting deficits in systemic metabolism. Interestingly, FOLFOX modestly suppressed skeletal muscle AMPK and autophagy signaling in vivo and in vitro. The FOLFOX-induced suppression of muscle metabolic signaling recovered after treatment cessation, independent of systemic metabolic dysfunction. Future research should investigate if activating AMPK during treatment can prevent long-term toxicities to improve health and quality of life of patients with cancer and survivors.
Ocular following responses of the marmoset monkey are dependent on postsaccadic delay, spatiotemporal frequency, and saccade direction
Authors: Yip Hoi Ming Ken , Allison-Walker Timothy John , Cloherty Shaun Liam , Hagan Maureen Ann , Price Nicholas Seow Chiang
Published: June 2023

Previous ocular following studies focused on humans and macaques. We examined the properties of ocular following responses in marmosets in three experiments, in which postsaccadic delay, spatial-temporal frequency of stimuli, and congruence of saccade and motion directions were manipulated. We have demonstrated short-latency ocular following in marmosets and discuss the similarities across three species that vary markedly in eye and head size. Our findings will help future studies examining the neural mechanism of sensory-motor transformations.
Low-Dose Alcohol Improves Lipid Metabolism through Store-Operated Ca2+ Channel-Induced PPARγ Expression in Obese Mice
Authors: Li Fan , Zhu Yanyan , Hu Huijuan , Cheng Jie , Sun Xiaoming , Zhang Zhanqin , Hu Hao
Published: June 2023

The relationship between low-dose alcohol consumption and lipid metabolism has been extensively studied during the last few decades. It has been reported that low-dose alcohol consumption upregulates the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), a vital nuclear transcription factor involved in glucose and lipid metabolism. However, the possible molecular mechanism remains unclear. In the present study, the obese mouse model was established by HFD feeding for 12 weeks, and then alcohol was administered for 4 weeks. The results showed that low-dose alcohol consumption ameliorated HFD-induced glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in mice and decreased markedly the serum lipoprotein profiles levels and the size of lipid droplets that accumulated in the liver. Furthermore, low-dose alcohol consumption upregulated PPARγ and its target genes in obese mice and augmented the expression of relative proteins in store-operated Ca2+ channels (SOCs). Both ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA), a Ca2+ chelator, and 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB), a blocker of SOCs, abolished the alcohol-induced PPARγ upregulation. In conclusion, these results suggested that low-dose alcohol consumption could improve lipid metabolism through SOC-induced PPARγ expression in obese mice.
Genetic Diversity and Phylogeography of Taenioides cirratus in Five Geographical Populations Based on Mitochondrial COI and Cytb Gene Sequences
Authors: Zhang Guoqing , Chen Cheng , Lu Wenxuan , Li Jing , Fang Ting , Yang Kun , Zhao Xiuxia , Gao Na , Liang Yangyang
Published: June 2023

The genetic diversity of Taenioides cirratus was investigated on the basis of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and cytochrome b (Cytb) gene sequences. A total of 159 specimens collected from the Chaohu Lake (CL), Nansihu Lake (NL), Taihu Lake (TL), Pearl River (PR), and Nandu River (NR) were sequenced. The total length of the sequence was 2485 bp with 412 polymorphic sites. A total of 73 haplotypes were identified, with Hap1 being the most widely distributed. The PR and NR populations showed high genetic diversity, while the CL population showed low genetic diversity. TL and NL showed high haplotype diversity but low nucleotide diversity. The analysis of molecular variance demonstrated that the sequence variations were mainly occurred among populations. T. cirratus populations are declining, and rare alleles are present at low frequencies, as analysed using a neutral test and a mismatched distribution analysis. There was a relatively high level of genetic differentiation among the populations of the Yangtze River basin (including NL), PR, and NR (Fst > 0.15). The two similar phylogenetic trees constructed by the maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods presented three major lineages, of which lineage II contains haplotypes from PR and NR, lineage III contains haplotypes from CL, NL, TL, and PR, whereas lineage I contains only a portion of haplotypes from NR. Based on the neutral test, mismatch analysis, and Bayesian Skyline Plot (BSP), geological and climatic events were inferred to have played an important role in the historical dynamics of T. cirratus population. Hap1, Hap25, and Hap58 were inferred as possible ancestral haplotypes by network analysis. Our study offers an essential foundation for resource preservation and additional taxonomic clarification of T. cirratus.
Vision Transformer-Based Video Hashing Retrieval for Tracing the Source of Fake Videos
Authors: Pei Pengfei , Zhao Xianfeng , Li Jinchuan , Cao Yun , Lai Xuyuan
Published: June 2023

With the increasing negative impact of fake videos on individuals and society, it is crucial to detect different types of forgeries. Existing forgery detection methods often output a probability value, which lacks interpretability and reliability. In this paper, we propose a source-tracing-based solution to find the original real video of a fake video, which can provide more reliable results in practical situations. However, directly applying retrieval methods to traceability tasks is infeasible since traceability tasks require finding the unique source video from a large number of real videos, while retrieval methods are typically used to find similar videos. In addition, training an effective hashing center to distinguish similar real videos is challenging. To address the above issues, we introduce a novel loss function, hash triplet loss, to capture fine-grained features with subtle differences. Extensive experiments show that our method outperforms state-of-the-art methods on multiple datasets of object removal (video inpainting), object addition (video splicing), and object swapping (face swapping), demonstrating excellent robustness and cross-dataset performance. The effectiveness of the hash triplet loss for nondifferentiable optimization problems is validated through experiments in similar video scenes.
Artificial Intelligence for Automatic Pain Assessment: Research Methods and Perspectives
Authors: Cascella Marco , Schiavo Daniela , Cuomo Arturo , Ottaiano Alessandro , Perri Francesco , Patrone Renato , Migliarelli Sara , Bignami Elena Giovanna , Vittori Alessandro , Cutugno Francesco
Published: June 2023

Although proper pain evaluation is mandatory for establishing the appropriate therapy, self-reported pain level assessment has several limitations. Data-driven artificial intelligence (AI) methods can be employed for research on automatic pain assessment (APA). The goal is the development of objective, standardized, and generalizable instruments useful for pain assessment in different clinical contexts. The purpose of this article is to discuss the state of the art of research and perspectives on APA applications in both research and clinical scenarios. Principles of AI functioning will be addressed. For narrative purposes, AI-based methods are grouped into behavioral-based approaches and neurophysiology-based pain detection methods. Since pain is generally accompanied by spontaneous facial behaviors, several approaches for APA are based on image classification and feature extraction. Language features through natural language strategies, body postures, and respiratory-derived elements are other investigated behavioral-based approaches. Neurophysiology-based pain detection is obtained through electroencephalography, electromyography, electrodermal activity, and other biosignals. Recent approaches involve multimode strategies by combining behaviors with neurophysiological findings. Concerning methods, early studies were conducted by machine learning algorithms such as support vector machine, decision tree, and random forest classifiers. More recently, artificial neural networks such as convolutional and recurrent neural network algorithms are implemented, even in combination. Collaboration programs involving clinicians and computer scientists must be aimed at structuring and processing robust datasets that can be used in various settings, from acute to different chronic pain conditions. Finally, it is crucial to apply the concepts of explainability and ethics when examining AI applications for pain research and management.
Performance Examination of Nonlinear Signal-Based Control in Shake Table Experiments with Sliding Structures
Authors: Enokida Ryuta , Ikago Kohju , Guo Jia , Kajiwara Koichi
Published: June 2023

This study examines nonlinear signal-based control (NSBC) in shake table experiments with sliding structures, which have an isolation effect during an earthquake. NSBC uses a nonlinear signal obtained from the outputs of a controlled system and its linear model under the same input. Owing to the presence of the linear model, NSBC controllers are described by transfer functions, even for controlling nonlinear systems. NSBC achieved excellent control of the shake table in experiments with a specimen having nonlinear characteristics such as yielding of structural components. A sliding structure placed on a shake table significantly jeopardises its control because the nonlinear severity of sliding is greater than yielding, and its compensation has not yet been fully developed. Therefore, this study introduces NSBC into shake table experiments with sliding structures along with its linear model design to enhance their robustness, utilising the analysis stability to evaluate the design. Numerical simulations with a shake table with a sliding structure with a friction coefficient of 0.22 demonstrate the excellent performance of NSBC in table acceleration control. However, inversion-based control (IBC), a basic compensation approach, shows its ineffectiveness. In actual shake table experiments with a sliding structure with a friction coefficient of 0.2, NSBC with a reasonable linear model achieved excellent table acceleration control with almost 100% accuracy, whereas IBC was ineffective. This study clarifies that NSBC can solve the problem of control degradation caused by a sliding structure placed on the table.
Supplementary Tables 1 from A Multiparameter Molecular Classifier to Predict Response to Neoadjuvant Lapatinib plus Trastuzumab without Chemotherapy in HER2+ Breast Cancer
Authors: Veeraraghavan Jamunarani , Gutierrez Carolina , De Angelis Carmine , Davis Robert , Wang Tao , Pascual Tomas , Selenica Pier , Sanchez Katherine , Nitta Hiroaki , Kapadia Monesh , Pavlick Anne C. , Galvan Patricia , Rexer Brent , Forero-Torres Andres , Nanda Rita , Storniolo Anna M. , Krop Ian E. , Goetz Matthew P. , Nangia Julie R. , Wolff Antonio C. , Weigelt Britta , Reis-Filho Jorge S. , Hilsenbeck Susan G. , Prat Aleix , Osborne C. Kent , Schiff Rachel , Rimawi Mothaffar F.
Published: June 2023

Supplementary Tables
Figure S6 from A Multiparameter Molecular Classifier to Predict Response to Neoadjuvant Lapatinib plus Trastuzumab without Chemotherapy in HER2+ Breast Cancer
Authors: Veeraraghavan Jamunarani , Gutierrez Carolina , De Angelis Carmine , Davis Robert , Wang Tao , Pascual Tomas , Selenica Pier , Sanchez Katherine , Nitta Hiroaki , Kapadia Monesh , Pavlick Anne C. , Galvan Patricia , Rexer Brent , Forero-Torres Andres , Nanda Rita , Storniolo Anna M. , Krop Ian E. , Goetz Matthew P. , Nangia Julie R. , Wolff Antonio C. , Weigelt Britta , Reis-Filho Jorge S. , Hilsenbeck Susan G. , Prat Aleix , Osborne C. Kent , Schiff Rachel , Rimawi Mothaffar F.
Published: June 2023

Supplementary Figure S6. Distribution of HER2 gene ratio in relation to PIK3CA mutation status and HER2-enriched subtype.
Figure S4 from A Multiparameter Molecular Classifier to Predict Response to Neoadjuvant Lapatinib plus Trastuzumab without Chemotherapy in HER2+ Breast Cancer
Authors: Veeraraghavan Jamunarani , Gutierrez Carolina , De Angelis Carmine , Davis Robert , Wang Tao , Pascual Tomas , Selenica Pier , Sanchez Katherine , Nitta Hiroaki , Kapadia Monesh , Pavlick Anne C. , Galvan Patricia , Rexer Brent , Forero-Torres Andres , Nanda Rita , Storniolo Anna M. , Krop Ian E. , Goetz Matthew P. , Nangia Julie R. , Wolff Antonio C. , Weigelt Britta , Reis-Filho Jorge S. , Hilsenbeck Susan G. , Prat Aleix , Osborne C. Kent , Schiff Rachel , Rimawi Mothaffar F.
Published: June 2023

Supplementary Figure S4. Decision tree algorithm to construct the multiparameter classifier of response in TBCRC023.
Figure S1 from A Multiparameter Molecular Classifier to Predict Response to Neoadjuvant Lapatinib plus Trastuzumab without Chemotherapy in HER2+ Breast Cancer
Authors: Veeraraghavan Jamunarani , Gutierrez Carolina , De Angelis Carmine , Davis Robert , Wang Tao , Pascual Tomas , Selenica Pier , Sanchez Katherine , Nitta Hiroaki , Kapadia Monesh , Pavlick Anne C. , Galvan Patricia , Rexer Brent , Forero-Torres Andres , Nanda Rita , Storniolo Anna M. , Krop Ian E. , Goetz Matthew P. , Nangia Julie R. , Wolff Antonio C. , Weigelt Britta , Reis-Filho Jorge S. , Hilsenbeck Susan G. , Prat Aleix , Osborne C. Kent , Schiff Rachel , Rimawi Mothaffar F.
Published: June 2023

Supplementary Figure S1. Study design and tissue availability for biomarker analysis.
Supplementary Fig. 5 from MEK Inhibition Sensitizes Pancreatic Cancer to STING Agonism by Tumor Cell–intrinsic Amplification of Type I IFN Signaling
Authors: Ghukasyan Razmik , Liang Keke , Chau Kevin , Li Luyi , Chan Charlotte , Abt Evan R. , Le Thuc , Park Joon Y. , Wu Nanping , Premji Alykhan , Damoiseaux Robert , Luu Tony , Labora Amanda , Rashid Khalid , Link Jason M. , Radu Caius G. , Donahue Timothy R.
Published: June 2023

Supplementary Fig. 5 IL6 is not responsible for the synergistic effects of STING agonism and MEK inhibition.
Supplementary tables 1 from BBT-176, a Novel Fourth-Generation Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor for Osimertinib-Resistant EGFR Mutations in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Lim Sun Min , Fujino Toshio , Kim Chulwon , Lee Gwanghee , Lee Yong-Hee , Kim Dong-Wan , Ahn Jin Seok , Mitsudomi Tetsuya , Jin Taiguang , Lee Sang-Yoon
Published: June 2023

Supplementary tables 1-4
Supplementary Material and Methods S1 from A Bifunctional PARP-HDAC Inhibitor with Activity in Ewing Sarcoma
Authors: Ramos Louise , Truong Sarah , Zhai Beibei , Joshi Jay , Ghaidi Fariba , Lizardo Michael M. , Shyp Taras , Kung Sonia H.Y. , Rezakhanlou Alireza M. , Oo Htoo Zarni , Adomat Hans , Le Bihan Stephane , Collins Colin , Bacha Jeffrey , Brown Dennis , Langlands John , Shen Wang , Lallous Nada , Sorensen Poul H. , Daugaard Mads
Published: June 2023

Materials and methods for in vivo toxicity and cellular fluorescence assays
Supplementary Data 1 from BBT-176, a Novel Fourth-Generation Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor for Osimertinib-Resistant EGFR Mutations in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Lim Sun Min , Fujino Toshio , Kim Chulwon , Lee Gwanghee , Lee Yong-Hee , Kim Dong-Wan , Ahn Jin Seok , Mitsudomi Tetsuya , Jin Taiguang , Lee Sang-Yoon
Published: June 2023

Supplementary Appendix 1. Supplementary materials and methods
Figure S9 from BBT-176, a Novel Fourth-Generation Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor for Osimertinib-Resistant EGFR Mutations in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Lim Sun Min , Fujino Toshio , Kim Chulwon , Lee Gwanghee , Lee Yong-Hee , Kim Dong-Wan , Ahn Jin Seok , Mitsudomi Tetsuya , Jin Taiguang , Lee Sang-Yoon
Published: June 2023

Supplementary Figure 9. Circulating tumor DNA analysis data from Case 2. A, Allelic configuration of T790M (red), L792H (green) and C797S (blue). B, Serial changes in allelic frequency of mutations detected in blood. C, Concentration-response curves and IC50 values of BBT-176 for EGFR 19Del/T790M/L792H mutant kinase.
Supplementary Figure S1 from A Bifunctional PARP-HDAC Inhibitor with Activity in Ewing Sarcoma
Authors: Ramos Louise , Truong Sarah , Zhai Beibei , Joshi Jay , Ghaidi Fariba , Lizardo Michael M. , Shyp Taras , Kung Sonia H.Y. , Rezakhanlou Alireza M. , Oo Htoo Zarni , Adomat Hans , Le Bihan Stephane , Collins Colin , Bacha Jeffrey , Brown Dennis , Langlands John , Shen Wang , Lallous Nada , Sorensen Poul H. , Daugaard Mads
Published: June 2023

Replicate graphs of HDAC, PARP1, PARP2 and PARylation assays
Supplementary Tables 1 from Genetic Alterations Detected by Circulating Tumor DNA in HER2-Low Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Hensing Whitney L. , Gerratana Lorenzo , Clifton Katherine , Medford Arielle J. , Velimirovic Marko , Shah Ami N. , D'Amico Paolo , Reduzzi Carolina , Zhang Qiang , Dai Charles S. , Denault Elyssa N. , Bagegni Nusayba A. , Opyrchal Mateusz , Ademuyiwa Foluso O. , Bose Ron , Behdad Amir , Ma Cynthia X. , Bardia Aditya , Cristofanilli Massimo , Davis Andrew A.
Published: June 2023

Supplementary Tables 1-7
Supplementary Data 1 from Genetic Alterations Detected by Circulating Tumor DNA in HER2-Low Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Hensing Whitney L. , Gerratana Lorenzo , Clifton Katherine , Medford Arielle J. , Velimirovic Marko , Shah Ami N. , D'Amico Paolo , Reduzzi Carolina , Zhang Qiang , Dai Charles S. , Denault Elyssa N. , Bagegni Nusayba A. , Opyrchal Mateusz , Ademuyiwa Foluso O. , Bose Ron , Behdad Amir , Ma Cynthia X. , Bardia Aditya , Cristofanilli Massimo , Davis Andrew A.
Published: June 2023

HER2 subtype and genomic alterations for all patients
Supplementary Figure S1 from Association of Antifolate Response Signature Status and Clinical Activity of Pemetrexed-Platinum Chemotherapy in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: The Piedmont Study
Authors: Eisner Joel R. , Mayhew Gregory M. , Davison James M. , Beebe Kirk D. , Shibata Yoichiro , Guo Yuelong , Farhangfar Carol , Farhangfar Farhang , Uronis Joshua M. , Conroy Jeffrey M. , Milburn Michael V. , Hayes David Neil , Mileham Kathryn F.
Published: June 2023

RNA Sequencing Quality Control Criteria
Figure S8 from BBT-176, a Novel Fourth-Generation Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor for Osimertinib-Resistant EGFR Mutations in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Lim Sun Min , Fujino Toshio , Kim Chulwon , Lee Gwanghee , Lee Yong-Hee , Kim Dong-Wan , Ahn Jin Seok , Mitsudomi Tetsuya , Jin Taiguang , Lee Sang-Yoon
Published: June 2023

Supplementary Figure 8. Circulating tumor DNA analysis data from Case 1. A, Allelic configuration analysis by liquid biopsy confirmed cis relationship between EGFR T790M and C797S mutations; no trans clones were detected. B, Serial changes in allelic frequency of all mutations detected in blood.
Figure S10 from BBT-176, a Novel Fourth-Generation Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor for Osimertinib-Resistant EGFR Mutations in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Lim Sun Min , Fujino Toshio , Kim Chulwon , Lee Gwanghee , Lee Yong-Hee , Kim Dong-Wan , Ahn Jin Seok , Mitsudomi Tetsuya , Jin Taiguang , Lee Sang-Yoon
Published: June 2023

Supplementary Figure 10. Growth inhibition by BBT-176 with and without osimertinib in BBT-176-resistant clones of EGFR 19Del/C797S (A) and EGFR 19Del/T790M/C797S (B) mutants. C, IC50 values for BBT-176 with and without osimertinib in BBT-176-resistant clones. IC50 values in nM were measured 3 days later and cell growth was plotted relative to untreated control cells (mean ± SD). Abbreviation: BR(1/2), BBT-176-resistant (clone 1/2).
Data from A bi-functional PARP-HDAC inhibitor with activity in Ewing sarcoma
Authors: Ramos Louise , Truong Sarah , Zhai Beibei , Joshi Jay , Ghaidi Fariba , Lizardo Michael M. , Shyp Taras , Kung Sonia H.Y. , Rezakhanlou Alireza M. , Oo Htoo Zarni , Adomat Hans , Le Bihan Stephane , Collins Colin , Bacha Jeffrey , Brown Dennis , Langlands John , Shen Wang , Lallous Nada , Sorensen Poul H. , Daugaard Mads
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose: Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition has been shown to induce pharmacological “BRCAness” in cancer cells with proficient DNA repair activity. This provides a rationale for exploring combination treatments with HDAC and poly-(ADP-ribose)-polymerase (PARP) inhibition in cancer types that are insensitive to single-agent PARP inhibitors. Here, we report the concept and characterization of a novel bi-functional PARP inhibitor (kt-3283) with dual activity towards PARP1/2 and HDAC enzymes in Ewing sarcoma cells. Experimental Design: Inhibition of PARP1/2 and HDACs was measured using PARP1/2, HDAC activity, and PAR formation assays. Cytotoxicity was assessed by IncuCyte live cell imaging, CellTiter-Glo®, and spheroid assays. Cell cycle profiles were determined using propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry. DNA damage was examined by γH2AX expression and comet assay. Inhibition of metastatic potential by kt-3283 was evaluated via ex vivo pulmonary metastasis assay (PuMA). Results: Compared to FDA-approved PARP (olaparib) and HDAC (vorinostat) inhibitors, kt-3283 displayed enhanced cytotoxicity in Ewing sarcoma models. The kt-3283-induced cytotoxicity was associated with strong S and G2/M cell cycle arrest in nanomolar concentration range and elevated DNA damage as assessed by γH2AX tracking and comet assays. In three-dimensional spheroid models of Ewing sarcoma, kt-3283 showed efficacy in lower concentrations than olaparib and vorinostat and kt-3283 inhibited colonization of Ewing sarcoma cells in the ex vivo PuMA model. Conclusion: Our data demonstrates the preclinical justification for studying the benefit of dual PARP and HDAC inhibition in the treatment of Ewing sarcoma in a clinical trial and provides proof-of-concept for a bi-functional single-molecule therapeutic strategy.
Data from Genetic alterations detected by circulating tumor DNA in HER2-low metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Hensing Whitney L. , Gerratana Lorenzo , Clifton Katherine , Medford Arielle J. , Velimirovic Marko , Shah Ami N. , D'Amico Paolo , Reduzzi Carolina , Zhang Qiang , Dai Charles S. , Denault Elyssa N. , Bagegni Nusayba A. , Opyrchal Mateusz , Ademuyiwa Foluso O. , Bose Ron , Behdad Amir , Ma Cynthia X. , Bardia Aditya , Cristofanilli Massimo , Davis Andrew A.
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction: About 50% of breast cancers are defined as HER2-low and may benefit from HER2-directed antibody-drug conjugates (ADC). While tissue sequencing has evaluated potential differences in genomic profiles for patients with HER2-low breast cancer, genetic alterations in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) have not been well described. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 749 patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) and ctDNA evaluation by Guardant360TM from three academic medical centers. Tumors were classified as HER2-low, HER2-0 (IHC 0) or HER2-positive. Single nucleotide variants (SNVs), copy number variants (CNVs), and oncogenic pathways were compared across the spectrum of HER2 expression. Overall survival (OS) was evaluated by HER2 status and according to oncogenic pathways. Results: Patients with HER2-low had higher rates of PIK3CA mutations (RRR 1.57, P=0.024) compared to HER2-0 MBC. There were no differences in ERBB2 alterations or oncogenic pathways between HER2-low and HER2-0 MBC. Patients with HER2-positive MBC had more ERBB2 alterations (RRR 12.43, P=0.002 for amplification; RRR 3.22, P=0.047 for mutations, in the HR+ cohort), fewer ERS1 mutations (RRR 0.458, P=0.029) and fewer ER pathway alterations (RRR 0.321, P<0.001). There was no difference in OS for HER2-low and HER2-0 MBC (HR 1.01, 95% CI 0.79-1.29), while OS was improved in HER2-positive MBC (HR 0.32, 95% CI 0.21-0.49, P<0.001). Conclusions: We observed a higher rate of PIK3CA mutations, but no significant difference in ERBB2 alterations, oncogenic pathways, or prognosis, between HER2-low and HER2-0 MBC. If validated, our findings support the conclusion that HER2-low MBC does not represent a unique biological subtype.