bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rare association - type I caudal regression syndrome associated with congenital spinal dermal sinus tract: a multimodality evaluation
Authors: Chandra Shivani , Bansal Lukshay , Prasad Akhilandeswari
Published: December 2024

Caudal regression syndrome (CRS) and congenital spinal dermal sinus tract (CSDST) are two complex closed spinal dysraphism without subcutaneous mass. Embryo-pathogenesis behind CRS is deemed to be a fault during gastrulation, however CSDST is a result of defective focal disjunction during primary neurulation. While many associated congenital anomalies have been described with both of these entities, only a few literatures have ever described CRS and CSDST in unison. We present a case with both type 1 CRS with an intramedullary syringohydromyelia and a congenital spinal dermal sinus tract, with their multimodality imaging findings. Prompt identification and accurate diagnosis of CRS is cardinal for initiation of early and appropriate management, before the herald of dreadful complications. CSDST is a remnant tract arising superficially from the skin or subcutaneous plane, extending deep and terminating variably at the spinal cord, meninges or myofascial plane. A newborn’s neural system is usually preserved, with usual presentation being with skin stigmata. Nevertheless, this apparently benign sounding entity is associated with various other spinal dysraphisms and predispose the patient to multiple dreadful complications. Thus, a complete evaluation of a dorsal opening is cardinal and a conservative management is discouraged.
Introdução à estatística no Ensino Fundamental sob o olhar da Trajetória Hipotética da Aprendizagem
Authors: Bettanin Bertoni Tales , Giovannini Odilon
Published: December 2024

Este artigo apresenta uma proposta pedagógica para o ensino de estatística no nono ano do Ensino Fundamental. A estrutura da proposta está fundamentada na Trajetória Hipotética de Aprendizagem que se baseia na construção do conhecimento pelos estudantes através de práticas de entrevistas, análise de informações, troca de conhecimentos e exposição das produções dos estudantes. A proposta está organizada em 5 encontros e envolve, entre outras, atividade de levantamento de informações, diálogos, construção de tabela e gráficos, visando tornar as aulas de matemática mais dinâmicas.  A proposta pedagógica nessa abordagem possibilita o desenvolvimento da criatividade e promove a interação, socialização e trabalho em equipe entre os estudantes.
Mapas conceituais e aprendizagem significativa: uma experiência com frações no curso Normal
Authors: Carneiro Barp Dulce , Boff Elisa
Published: December 2024

Estudantes concluintes do terceiro ano do Curso Normal enfrentam dificuldades no entendimento do conceito de frações, essencial na Matemática e com diversas aplicações práticas. Este estudo avaliou a contribuição de uma Unidade de Ensino Potencialmente Significativa (UEPS) para a promoção da aprendizagem significativa sobre frações, nesse contexto. A pesquisa, fundamentada na Teoria da Aprendizagem Significativa, foi conduzida com quatorze estudantes da disciplina de Didática da Matemática no Instituto Estadual de Educação Irmão Getúlio. A UEPS incluiu estratégias de aprendizagem ativa, como mapas conceituais, autoavaliação e exercícios aplicados, utilizando instrumentos diagnósticos. A análise dos dados baseou-se em uma adaptação da Taxonomia Topológica de Cañas e colaboradores. Os resultados evidenciam que a metodologia adotada favoreceu o desenvolvimento de uma aprendizagem significativa, além de estimular posturas críticas, reflexivas e colaborativas nos estudantes. Os mapas conceituais mostraram-se ferramentas eficazes para avaliação e organização do conhecimento. Conclui-se que a aplicação da UEPS incentivou maior autonomia e engajamento dos estudantes, promovendo a resolução colaborativa de problemas e a construção ativa de conhecimentos. Assim, a metodologia demonstrou ser uma alternativa promissora no ensino de frações para estudantes do Curso Normal.
Desvendando o impacto dos agrotóxicos na agricultura através da Química e da Matemática
Authors: Salvati Deconti Gabriela , De Souza e Silva Dara , Mesquita Alexandre
Published: December 2024

O avanço tecnológico tem impulsionado a produtividade agrícola, mas também gerado desafios ambientais e sociais, como perda de biodiversidade, desmatamento e contaminação de solos e águas devido ao uso de agrotóxicos. Nesse contexto, surge a questão de como equilibrar a produção de alimentos em larga escala com a preservação ambiental e a saúde pública. Este trabalho propõe uma atividade interdisciplinar que visa explorar essa problemática, oferecendo a estudantes do Ensino Médio uma compreensão aprofundada dos desafios e possíveis soluções para uma agricultura sustentável, integrando conhecimentos de Química e de Matemática. A proposta está fundamentada na Teoria de Aprendizagem Significativa pois os alunos já possuem um conhecimento acerca da temática e, a partir do conhecimento prévio, propõe-se uma sequência didática interdisciplinar para promover a aprendizagem de funções orgânicas na disciplina de Química e de álgebra e probabilidade e estática em Matemática. A sequência didática está organizada em nove encontros de 50 minutos cada, mais uma pré-aula antes da sequência. Para a avaliação, estão previstas tarefas como resolução de problemas, autoavaliação e avaliação por pares.
Aprendizagem pelos jogos: uma abordagem para o ensino de programação
Authors: Carniel de Oliveira Gabriel , Boff Elisa
Published: December 2024

A taxa de evasão em cursos de graduação na área de tecnologias é bastante alta quando comparada a outras áreas do conhecimento. Um dos fatores que contribuem para essa taxa elevada é a dificuldade dos alunos com o aprendizado de programação, principalmente em disciplinas introdutórias. Essas dificuldades normalmente se apresentam nos conceitos básicos da disciplina, como abstração e lógica, para entendimento de algoritmos, e funções e estruturas de repetição, para entendimento da programação em si. Esses problemas poderiam ser amenizados com o ensino de pensamento computacional em turmas de educação básica. Propostas de currículos para essa finalidade, como o da CIEB, existem porém eles ainda não são aplicados. Tendo em vista as dificuldades dos alunos de graduação com o aprendizado de programação, esse trabalho visa propor e avaliar a criação de um jogo sério que possa auxiliar no desenvolvimento do Pensamento Computacional e, consequentemente, auxiliar a aprendizagem das disciplinas iniciais de cursos de tecnologia. As avaliações, realizadas utilizando o método MEEGA+, foram aplicadas em turmas de programação de computadores para validar a aplicação do jogo como ferramenta de auxílio no ensino de programação e estruturas condicionais.
Application of LoRa Technology in Monitoring Solution for Photovoltaic Systems
Authors: Aykut Ercan , Hawas Safaa
Published: December 2024

Solar array systems with photovoltaic (PV) modules are extensively utilized in remote fields, agriculture, military, and various other sections. However, the challenge lies in the long distances between these installations and end-users, necessitating remote monitoring systems. In this study, we leverage Long Range (LoRa) wireless communication technology due to its extended range, cost-effectiveness, and user-friendly nature. The study focuses on the design and implementation of a Monitoring System (MS) tailored for PV applications, utilizing LoRa technology. The primary objective is to enhance the efficiency, reliability, and maintenance of PV installations by continuously monitoring system health and performance. The MS encompasses sensors, microcontrollers, and processors to collect and process data on PV, battery banks, load, and grid parameters, including voltage, current, temperature, and state of charge (SoC). Processed data is transmitted via LoRa to a centralized control station for analysis and decision-making. LoRa's attributes, such as long-range coverage, low power consumption, and obstacle penetration, make it particularly suitable for remote PV installations. We provide a detailed overview of the system architecture, components, communication protocols, as well as data processing algorithms and battery health estimation techniques. Experimental evaluation conducted on a test PV setup demonstrates the MS's effectiveness in monitoring battery health, anomaly detection, and facilitating remote maintenance in the normal and up-normal conditions and modes. Simulation on the MATLAB/Simulink platform validates the system's functionality under various operating conditions, ensuring robust performance.
BİZANS SARAYINDA GÜRCÜ BİR İMPARATORİÇE: MARİAM BAGRATİONİ HAYATI VE FAALİYETLERİ (1050-1118)
Authors: Güven Onur
Published: December 2024

XI. yüzyıl, Gürcü Krallığı ve Doğu Roma İmparatorluğu için çok farklı hadiselerin gerçekleştiği bir süreç olmuştu. Bu iki devlet siyasi çıkarları gereğince uzun bir dönem birbirleriyle mücadele içerisine girmiştir. Nitekim Basileios II.’un yürütmüş olduğu yayılmacı politika, doğu bölgelerinde başarılı olmuş ve Gürcü Krallığı’na karşı özellikle “Güney Gürcistan” şeklinde tabir edilen Tao bölgesinde mutlak hâkimiyet sağlanmıştır. Ancak bölgede yaşanan siyasi ve idari anlamda değişiklikler, Gürcü Kralı IV. Bagrat’ın tutumu, mücadele şeklinde geçen Gürcü-Doğu Roma ilişkisine olumlu yönde istikamet kazandırmıştır. Daha da önemlisi Selçuklu akınlarının şiddetli bir şekilde görülmeye başlanması her iki devleti birbirine yakınlaştıran bir husus olmuştur. Gürcü Krallığı ve Doğu Roma arasındaki ilişkiler ittifak boyutunda sürerken hanedanlıklar arasında yapılacak bir evliliğin getireceği stratejik hamlenin farkında olan Kral Bagrat, kızı Mariam Bagrationi’yi Doğu Roma sarayına göndermiştir. Mariam zaman içerisinde sarayda önemli bir pozisyona ulaşarak İmparatorlar Mikhael Dukas ve Botaneiates ile evlilik gerçekleştirmiştir. Dukas ile olan evliliğinden Konstantin isimli bir çocuk dünyaya gelmiştir. Bu çalışmada Mariam Bagrationi’nin hem Doğu Roma sarayında yaptığı faaliyetler ve bıraktığı etkiler hem de ülkesi Gürcistan için dini-kültürel anlamda katkıları dönemin kaynakları göz önünde bulundurularak izah edilmeye çalışılmıştır.
HIRVAT BİLİM VE SANAT AKADEMİSİ ARŞİVİ’NDEKİ OSMANLI BELGELERİ KOLEKSİYONU
Authors: Büyüktapu Okan
Published: December 2024

Bu makale, Zagreb’de bulunan ve Bosna Eyaleti’nden kalma 760 belgeyi içeren bir arşiv koleksiyonunu incelemektedir. 15. yüzyılın sonlarından 19. yüzyılın sonlarına kadar uzanan geniş bir zaman dilimini kapsayan bu koleksiyon, bölgenin zengin tarihini yansıtmakta olup, henüz yeterince değerlendirilememiştir. Çeşitli türlerde resmi ve gayri resmi belgeleri kapsayan koleksiyon içinde fermanlar, beratlar ve buyruldular gibi devlet belgelerinin yanı sıra; temessük, sened ve arzuhal gibi hukuki dokümanlar; tapuname, fetva ve vakıfname gibi dini ve idari kayıtlar; ayrıca mektuplar, vasiyetnameler, muhasebe defterleri ve diğer müteferrik evraklar yer almaktadır. Ağırlıklı olarak devlet kurumları tarafından üretilmiş olan bu belgeler, Osmanlı taşra yönetiminin işleyişine dair değerli bilgiler sunmakta, aynı zamanda Bosna Eyaleti’nde yaşamış yerel toplumun sosyo-kültürel yapısına ışık tutacak zengin veriler de içermektedir. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, bu az bilinen arşiv koleksiyonunun Osmanlı Balkan tarihi araştırmalarına yapabileceği potansiyel katkılara dikkat çekmektedir. Araştırma özellikle, Osmanlı döneminde Bosna Eyaletinin idari, sosyal ve kültürel yaşamı üzerine yapılacak gelecekteki çalışmalara zemin hazırlayarak yeni akademik çalışmalara olanak sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır.
İKİNCİ DÜNYA SAVAŞI DÖNEMİNDE TÜRKİYE BÜYÜK MİLLET MECLİSİNDE AZINLIK TARTIŞMALARI
Authors: Zorbacı Yusuf Cihat , Sarısaman Sadık
Published: December 2024

İkinci Dünya Savaşı sırasında Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisinde çeşitli vesilelerle azınlıklarla ilgili tartışmalar yaşanmıştır. Bu tartışmaların büyük bölümü ekonomide azınlıkların hakimiyetine dair olmuştur. Milletvekillerinin bir kısmı bu alanda azınlıkların hakimiyetinin kırılması için düzenleme talep etmişlerdir. Bunun yanı sıra azınlıkların Türkleşmesi hususuna değinilmiş bu konuda Türkçenin önemine vurgu yapılmıştır. Çanakkale Milletvekili Ziya Gevher Etili ve Kütahya Milletvekili Besim Atalay gibi bazı milletvekillerinin konuşmalarında ırk ve kan vurgusu yaptıkları görülmektedir. Buna benzer konuşmalara hükümet ve diğer milletvekilleri tepki göstermiş, millet tanımında kültürün ana etken olarak kabul edildiğini açıklamışlardır. Mihver devletlerinin savaştaki avantajlı konumunu kaybetmesinin ardından mecliste Türkiye’nin yayılmacı bir politika takip etmediği ve milliyetçilik anlayışının ırkçılığa dayanmadığına dair söylemler artmıştır. Diğer yandan Kars Milletvekili Cevat Dursunoğlu, 1944 yılında Cumhuriyet Halk Partisinin isteği doğrultusunda azınlıklarla ilgili bir rapor hazırlamıştır. Raporda Türkçenin yaygınlaştırılmasına dikkat çekmiş, mübadele ve göçün teşvikiyle azınlıklarla ilgili çıkabilecek sorunların halledilebileceğini öne sürmüştür. Bu makalede İkinci Dünya Savaşı sırasında Mecliste milletvekillerinin azınlıklarla ilgili tartışmalarını ortaya çıkarmak ve değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır.
THE TRAP OF PRESENT-DAY: PRESENTISM AS AN ISSUE AND ITS BOUNDARIES IN HISTORICAL METHODOLOGY
Authors: Yorgun İbrahim
Published: December 2024

Historical events and past actions often have long-term effects and distant consequences that extend beyond their immediate context. This article argues that historians must be entitled to consider these far-reaching impacts when analyzing historical events and actions, thereby enhancing their understanding of the past. By reassessing presentism, which is the anachronistic imposition of modern perspectives on historical analysis, the article seeks to address a significant challenge in the discipline of history writing. Presentism distorts our understanding of the past by projecting contemporary values and ideas onto historical events. To counteract this tendency, the study also emphasizes the importance of contextual analysis, advocating for a rigorous examination of the cultural, social, economic, and political environments in which historical events occurred. The study also found that extracting historical events and actions from their temporal, contextual, cultural, or geographical settings often leads to presentism, making it crucial for historians to maintain a disciplined approach to understanding the past within its proper context.
SON HAÇLIYI KOVMAK: MEMLÛKLERİN ARVAD ADASI’NI FETHİ VE DOĞU AKDENİZ GÜVENLİK POLİTİKASI
Authors: Uzun Kazım
Published: December 2024

Memlûk Devleti’nin 1250 yılındaki kuruluşunu takip eden neredeyse yarım asırlık süre zarfındaki en önemli meselelerden birisi Haçlılardı. Buna bağlı olarak, devletin ilk yarım yüzyılında saltanat makamına geçen sultanların önemli bir kısmı bu meseleyle ilgilendi veya ilgilenmek durumunda kaldı. Nihayet XIII. yüzyılın son on yılına gelindiğinde Haçlılar mağlup edilerek Suriye ana karasından çıkarıldılar. Ancak Tartus’un hemen karşısında ve ana karaya oldukça yakın bulunan Arvad Adası ve buradaki müstahkem kale Templier Şövalyeleri çoğunlukta olmak üzere bazı Haçlıların sığındığı yer haline geldi. Adadaki Haçlılar fırsat buldukça Suriye kıyı şehirlerine saldırılar düzenledi, katl ve yağma yapmaya çalıştı ve Akdeniz ticareti açısından bir tehdit oluşturdular. Bu şekilde geçen yaklaşık on yılın ardından Memlûkler Suriye’de İlhanlılarla mücadele ettikleri sırada Arvad Adası’na bir sefer düzenlemeyi gerekli gördü ve yapılan seferle birlikte adayı feth ettiler. Arvad Adası’na düzenlenen sefer Haçlıların doğudaki son bakiyelerini temizleme amacının yanı sıra Memlûklerin Doğu Akdeniz’i güvenli hale getirme politikalarıyla yakından ilgilidir. Bu çalışma Memlûklerin Arvad Adası fethini ortaya koymaya ve bu fethin Memlûklerin Doğu Akdeniz politikası açısından işlev ve önemini izaha hasredilmiştir.
AKREDİTE TIBBİ LABORATUVARLAR İÇİN BİR KALİTE GÖSTERGESİ: HASTA MEMNUNİYET ANKETİ HAKKINDA RETROSPEKTİF ÇALIŞMA
Authors: Kabul Seher , Küme Tuncay , Uysal Sezer , Bayram Delibaş Songül , Appak Özgür
Published: December 2024

Amaç: Hasta memnuniyeti, herhangi bir sağlık sisteminde hizmet kalitesini ölçmek için yaygın olarak kullanılan bir göstergedir. Bu çalışmada Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Uygulama ve Araştırma Hastanesi Merkez Laboratuvarı kalite göstergesi olarak 2021 ve 2022 yıllarında hastaların laboratuvar hizmetlerinden memnuniyet düzeylerini ölçmek için uygulanan anket sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi ve memnuniyetsizlik nedenlerinin gözden geçirilmesi amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Veriler, her yıl Ocak ile Ekim ayı arasında "http://dehis.deu.edu.tr/kalite/merkez_lab_memnuniyet.php" internet adresi üzerinden uygulanan hasta memnuniyet anketi kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Ankete toplamda 1470 hasta katılmıştır.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların çoğu erkek (%55), yaş ortalaması 47, yaklaşık 1/3'i hizmet almak için ilk kez merkez laboratuvarına başvuranlardan idi. Genel memnuniyet oranı %73 olarak saptandı; bu değer %70’in üzerindeki kalite hedefimizin gerçekleşmesini sağlamıştır. Telefonla verilen hizmetin erişilebilirliği, bekleme alanının yeterliliği, sonuç verme süresi gibi hizmet alanlarında ise hasta memnuniyet oranı düşük saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Hasta Memnuniyeti Anketi sonuçları sorunları tespit ederek sağlık hizmeti kalitesinin iyileştirilmesine olanak sağlar. Bu çalışmada sonuçların hastalara ulaştırılması için geçen sürenin ve fiziki koşulların hasta memnuniyetinde önemli faktörler olduğu görülmüştür.
Nutritional composition and processing methods of black soldier fly larvae for fish feeding
Authors: Shah Syed Rizwan Ali , Hayat Zafar
Published: December 2024

This review explores the potential of black soldier fly (BSF) larvae as a sustainable alternative to fishmeal and soybean meal in aquaculture. BSF larvae offer a valuable protein, fat, and chitin source while contributing to waste reduction and nutrient recycling. Feed industries can effectively incorporate BSF larvae into fish diets without negatively impacting growth performance or health. However, the optimal inclusion levels and potential challenges associated with BSF-based diets vary among fish species. Future research should focus on further optimizing BSF production and processing methods and investigating the long-term effects of BSF-based diets on fish health and reproductive performance. BSF larvae can significantly promote sustainable and efficient aquaculture practices by addressing these areas.
Development of a VTE prediction model based on automatically selected features in glioma patients
Authors: Leontev S. S. , Simakova M. A. , Lukinov V. L. , Pishchulov K. A. , Abramyan L. K. , Ugolnikova E. A.
Published: December 2024

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious threat to patients undergoing cancer treatment, especially in advanced and metastatic diseases. In neuro-oncology, the incidence of VTE depends on the location and stage of the tumor. Some primary and secondary brain tumors have an increased propensity for thrombotic events. In this study, we applied state-of-the-art machine learning methods, particularly XGBoost, to create models to search for predictors associated with the risk of VTE in glioma patients. By comparing the diagnostic accuracy of our XGBoost models with traditional logistic regression approaches, we aim to advance the understanding of VTE prediction in this patient population. Our results add to the growing body of research on thrombosis risk assessment in cancer patients and may help in the development of personalized prevention and treatment strategies to reduce the risk of VTE in hospitalized glioma patients.
Application of Sulphur and Foliar Zinc at Different Growth Stages to Boost the Quality and Yield of Gobhi Sarson (Brassica napus L.) under Central Plain Region of Punjab, India
Authors: Saral Rohit , Darvhankar Mayur , Kumar Rajesh , Yadav Govind Kumar
Published: December 2024

Background: A key element for the growth of oilseed crops is sulphur. It is required for the synthesis of vitamins, oilsand proteins. Compared to the organic form, inorganic sulphur is less common in agricultural soils. Zinc contributes significantly to the regulatory cofactors of many enzymes and proteins in many biochemical processes, which can aid in the oilseed crop’s high production. By 2025, there will be a 63% increase in Zn deficiency, up from 42% in 1970. Methods: A field experiment was conducted for two years (2022-2023 and 2023–2024) at Agronomy Research Field, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India, which comprises four zinc application (Dose @ 1.5 ml L-1) treatments viz., Z0-Control, Z1-1 appl. (one spray @ 15 DAS), Z2-2 appl. (two spray @ 15+45 DAS) and Z3-3 appl. (three spray @ 15+45+75 DAS)and four sulphur application treatments viz., S0-Control, S1 (10 kg ha-1), S2 (20 kg ha-1) and S3 (30 kg ha-1). Result: The seed yield, stover yield, biological yield, harvest index, oil content and oil yield of gobhi sarson were studied. The application of zinc and sulphur had significant effect on seed yield, stover yield, biological yield, oil content and oil yield. The maximum seed yield (2752 kg ha-1), stover yield (6841 kg ha-1), biological yield (9593 kg ha-1), oil yield (1112.40 kg ha-1) recorded under Z3-3 appl. (three spray @ 15+45+75 DAS) + S3 (30 kg ha-1) in comparison to other treatments. Application of sulphur 30 kg ha-1 recorded highest oil content and oil yield (40.25%, 962.32 kg ha-1) in comparison to S2-20 kg ha-1 (40.09%, 921.25 kg ha-1), S1-10 kg ha-1 (38.18%, 802.17 kg ha-1), S0-Control (36.21%, 689.17 kg ha-1.
The technology of application of multimodal linguistic corpora for foreign language interaction skill development
Authors: Titova S. V. , Ignatova S. D.
Published: December 2024

Importance. Linguistic corpora are a valuable resource for teaching foreign languages. Recently, there has been a surge in publications highlighting the didactic potential of these corpora for teaching not only lexico-grammatical skills but also productive skills. This trend is linked to the development of multimodal and learner corpora, the simplification of user interfaces, and the increased accessibility of corpus technologies. Consequently, there is a pressing need to develop and test new methodological models for integrating language corpora into teaching practices.Materials and Methods. During the study, a thorough analysis of the scientific literature has been conducted to establish the theoretical framework for the research. Methods of comparison, contrast, generalization are applied.Results and Discussion. The key phases in the data-driven approach to foreign language teaching development have been identified. The advantages of utilizing linguistic corpora in the language classroom have been outlined. A methodological model for working with multimodal corpora to enhance interaction skills is proposed, using the French-language corpus FLEURON as an example.Conclusion. Linguistic corpora have been utilized in foreign language teaching for over 40 years; however, their application in teaching practice remains limited. The didactic functions of linguistic corpora can optimize and enhance the educational process. Future research should focus on developing methodologies for integrating multimodal corpora into foreign language instruction.
The future of translation industry: student expectations and real life
Authors: Stepanova M. M. , Troitsky D. I. , Chikhanova M. A. , Shashkina O. V.
Published: December 2024

Problem Statement. The advent of neural network-based machine translation systems and large language models has brought significant changes to the translation services market, impacting employment and prompting concerns among students and prospective linguists about the future of the translation profession. This study aims to identify mismatches between the expectations of linguistics students and the real-life market situation to promote more realistic attitudes in students, and increase their motivation.Materials and Methods. In 2024, a survey was conducted among 122 Linguistics majors from four Russian universities. The sample was representative, with a reliability level of 66.7 %. The survey included questions regarding preferred types of translation types in demand, and the outlook for the profession, facilitating a comparative analysis with the current situation on the translation services market.Results and Discussion. While students have a reasonable understanding of market demand for various types of translation, their preferences do not align with the most in-demand industries. Notably, there is a low level of interest in scientific, technical, medical, and legal translation, despite these fields being highly sought after. Moreover, many students hold a pessimistic view of the profession's future, fearing that translators will be replaced by machine translation systems.Conclusions. Despite their awareness of market realities, students are reluctant to focus on the most in-demand types of translation. This reluctance is attributed to a lack of knowledge in the exact sciences and a distorted perception of the profession, influenced by popular culture. The study recommends strengthening career guidance efforts and modernizing educational programs to better align with market needs, as well as emphasizing the continued importance of professional translators in the context of technological advancements
Foreign language textbook at school: conditions for its qualitative creation
Authors: Schamow A. A. , Shimichev A. S.
Published: December 2024

Importance. The textbook represents a central link in the management of the learning process and it is one of the effective ways to optimize the teaching of a non-native language at school. The relevance of the study is determined b y the demand for the theory of the textbook in non-native languages in connection with the widespread study of Russian as a foreign language, as well as the need to provide the educational process of mastering a non-native language with a reliable means of learning.Materials and Methods. A set of complementary and mutually verifying methods are used, namely: a) scientometric analysis of works on the problems of designing school textbooks, particularly in foreign language; b) comparative analysis of current foreign languages textbooks, identifying their positive and negative aspects; c) questionnaire survey of foreign language teachers in the city of Nizhny Novgorod and Nizhny Novgorod region to identify the effectiveness of a particular line of textbooks; d) generalization of positive pedagogical practices of teachers on the selected line of textbooks; e) development of recommendations for the design of a new generation foreign language textbook in modern conditions.Results and Discussion. The study defines and clarifies the functions of a foreign language textbook, in the unity of informational, teaching, motivating and controlling, and describes the nomenclature of special methodological principles of designing textbooks and teaching aids. The methodological recommendations for designing foreign language textbooks and teaching aids based on the analysis of the strengths and weaknesses of the current educational and methodical kits are given.Conclusion. The conclusion is that in the conditions of choosing a foreign language textbook, the teacher should be guided by such criteria as: appropriately selected language and speech material; adequate for a given class subject base in the form of topics and speech situations organized according to the thematic principle; the presence in the textbook of a clear apparatus for managing the process of formation of speech skills and abilities; the internal connection of the foreign language textbook with other components of the teaching-methodical kit.
Development of a valuable attitude towards the Russian language as a means of influence and healing (based on the example of online course for foreign medical students)
Authors: Strelchuk E. N. , Bezrukova K. S.
Published: December 2024

Importance. The research describes the content of an online course on Russian as a foreign language, developed for medical students based on the axiological approach. The relevance of the study is due to the role of professional values in the development of future doctors. Among the value orientations of a doctor, an important place is occupied by the attitude to the word as a means of influencing the patient, since in Russian culture there is still an idea of the healing power of the word. The purpose of this study is to describe the online course “The Art of Communicating with a Patient in Russian” for foreign medical students, developed based on the axiological approach.Materials and Methods. The study is conducted using the following methods: analysis, generalization, observation, and pedagogical experiment. A total of 92 foreign 2nd-year students studying in the fields of “General Medicine” and “Dentistry” from near and far abroad countries took part. The pedagogical experiment was conducted at the Russian Language Department No. 5 of the Russian Language Institute of the Patrice Lumumba Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia during the spring semester of the 2023/2024 academic year. The work is based on an axiological approach, which involves the selection of didactic material taking into account the value criterion – a word as a means of healing.Results and Discussion. It has been proven that the selected didactic materials on Russian as a foreign language for students of medical specialties based on the axiological approach contribute to the development of a value-based attitude towards language as a means of healing and influence, which ensures high-quality professional training of students and promotes the development of communication in Russian.Conclusion. The online course “The Art of Communicating with a Patient in Russian” for foreign medical students described in the study, selected using the value criterion, allows for the implementation of didactic tasks and the achievement of educational goals, namely: to form in students a system of value orientations, attitudes, and beliefs aimed at developing professional communication.
Assessment of the effectiveness of forming professional-values orientations of students in the process of Internet socialization
Authors: Chvanova M. S. , Kiseleva I. A. , Anurieva M. S.
Published: December 2024

Importance. The relevance of the research is due to the need to transform the system of practiceoriented education in the new conditions of the student’s professional socialization, and to search for effective mechanisms for Internet socialization. The study presents the organisational and pedagogical conditions for the formation of professional and value orientations of students in the Internet socialization process: program development for the development of professional values; organization of special online courses and webinars aimed at developing professional values; creation of a favourable educational Internet environment for the formation of professional values; involving students in professional activities and practice using online practices, online platforms for freelancing and remote work, online educational platforms or other online resources; organization of interaction between students, teachers, representatives of the business community in the conditions of Internet socialization in order to form professional and value orientations of students. The criteria and indicators of the development of student’s professional and value orientations are determined: cognitive, activity-based, emotional-evaluative.Materials and Methods. The study involves 62 students from Derzhavin Tambov State University and Moscow State University of Technology and Management named after K.G. Razumovsky (First Cossack University). Basic research methods: analysis of literary sources, testing, questionnaires, experiment. To statistically test the significance of the results, the Mann–Whitney U-test and the Wilcoxon signed rank test have been used.Results and Discussion. The main results of experimental work on approbation of organizational and pedagogical conditions in the process of undergoing technological and pre-graduate internship are presented.Conclusion. The performance assessment analysis showed the effectiveness of using the selected organizational and pedagogical conditions to increase the effectiveness of the formation of professional and value orientations of students in the Internet socialization process
Correction of the motor sphere of adolescents with mild mental retardation based on the development of coordination abilities
Authors: Pravdov M. A. , Pravdov D. M.
Published: December 2024

Importance. The solution to the problem of correcting the motor sphere of children with intellectual disabilities lies in the development of coordination abilities. The purpose of the work is to develop and experimentally substantiate a set of exercises aimed at correcting the development of coordination abilities of adolescents with a mild degree of mental retardation.Materials and Methods. The study has been conducted among students of the Shuya Correctional Boarding School. The participants have been 13–14 year old teenagers (24 people). A set of 40 exercises has been developed, which is aimed at correcting motor actions caused by a low degree of development of coordination abilities. The exercises are divided into three blocks: for balance development (15 exercises); exercises for developing precision of movements (15 exercises) and for developing the ability to differentiate muscle efforts (10 exercises). They are performed from various initial positions of the body in space: standing, sitting, lying on the stomach and back, standing on one leg, knee, toes and heels, with open and closed eyes. The set of exercises was implemented during the 2023/2024 academic year. The degree of development of coordination abilities has been assessed using the following tests: “shuttle run 3×10”, “jumping rope in 1 minute”, “throwing a ball at a target”, “Romberg test”.Results and Discussion. It is established that the use of a set of special exercises allows to increase the degree of development of coordination abilities in adolescents aged 13–14. The results of adolescent boys and girls who attended physical education lessons using a special set became significantly higher than those of adolescents whose classes were conducted without an accentuated development of coordination abilities.Conclusion. According to the final test results, a positive effect of the exercise complex on the development of coordination abilities in adolescents with mild mental retardation has been revealed.
On the Kuban Regiment of the Kuban Cossack troops’ precedence
Authors: Kolesnikov V. A.
Published: December 2024

Importance. The study examines the precedence of the Terek and Kuban Cossack troops regiments, approved by the Supreme Decree of Emperor Alexander II in 1874 according to the previously submitted report of the Commander-in-Chief of the Caucasian Army, Grand Duke Mikhail Nikolaevich. The correspondence of the Kuban regiment of the Kuban Cossack troops precedence to published and unpublished sources of the imperial period is specifically considered. The research shows for the first time the discrepancy between the precedence appointed by the Emperor and various author’s certificates and documents, which contributes to the development of the regimental historiography of Kuban. The purpose of the study is to determine the actual precedence of the Kuban Regiment of the Kuban Cossack Army as being related to 1796 and not to an earlier period.Materials and Methods. The research is based on the few published studies of the Caucasian War era where the Kuban Regiment was mentioned, and previously unpublished archival documents drawn from federal and regional archives. The principles of historicism, general scientific principles, and source-based and special historical methods are used in the research.Results and Discussion. Based on the analysis of legislative acts of the Russian Empire, the study establishes that if the time of the beginning of military service to the Russian state of most of the Cossack formations of the North Caucasus correlated with published rescripts, however, in some cases, precedence was completely not confirmed by either the Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire, or special author’s works published before 1874, or archival primary sources. One of these incidents was the appointment of the Kuban regiment of the Kuban troops’ precedence, which, without any evidence, was correlated to the time of the creation of the Volga Cossack troops, settled on the Tsaritsyn line in 1732. Such a vision of the past of one of the honoured Kuban regiments is completely inconsistent with the available sources of various published and unpublished information of the 19th century. This absolutely far-fetched fact continues to be replicated in modern publications and various Internet publications.Conclusion. According to the various sources, it is concluded that the true precedence of the Kuban regiment of the Kuban troops is still connected with 1796, when the military service of this Cossack linear formation, created exclusively from Don Cossacks resettled in 1794, really began on the frontier of the Northwestern Caucasus. The mentions of some imperial historians about the presence of “Volga Cossacks” in its composition are in no way confirmed by archival documents as well as by the author’s evidence of the era
Liberal lawyers of the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th century in the memoirs of contemporaries
Authors: Rybin D. V.
Published: December 2024

Importance. The study examines the history of the legalist movement through memoir sources. The purpose of the study is, on the basis of memoir literature, to identify internal connections and groups that have developed within the liberal jurisprudence of the Russian Empire, to identify elements of legalist ideology based on memoirs and diaries.Materials and Methods. A significant part of the memoirs and diaries have been published. This makes the researcher’s tasks easier. The use of archival sources (manuscript department of the Russian National Library, Russian State Archive of Literature and Art, State Archive of the Russian Federation, manuscript department of the Russian State Library) together with printed publications allows us to compare disparate data and come to common conclusions. The use of the problem-chronological method and the comparison method allow this analysis to be carried out.Results and Discussion. Legalists are an association of liberal dignitaries of the Russian Empire, mainly from the judiciary and legal scholars. The ideology of the legalists can be defined as conservative liberalism, and their inspiration was the famous scientist B.N. Chicherin. In the 1860s, a stable group of lawyers was formed that was vitally interested in the development of law and order in Russia (“people of legal order”). Through memoirs we see how they acted at the time of reforms, how they became institutionalized in the 1870s, how they took an active part in the reforms of 1878–1881, how they tried to defend the foundations of the system created by Alexander II, how they fought against traditionalism in the 1890s years.Conclusion. The memoirs reflect the sentiments of the legalists, who, despite constant defeats, did not lose heart and were optimistic about the future. They proceeded from the fact that Russia is part of the world process and in due time “everything that exists in Europe” will come to it
Land dispute of agricultural cooperatives in the early 1920s: growing pains or indicator of peasantization
Authors: Gatilov E. V.
Published: December 2024

Importance. The purpose of the study is to highlight the problem of economic self-identification of the peasantry at the beginning of the 1920s recovery period. The main emphasis is placed on the land conflict use in the agricultural environment as an economic and social consolidation indicator of the peasantry. Research hypothesis: in the survival strategy of the peasant community, the traditional economic usefulness (functionality) restoration was a physical and social self-preservation guarantee. Participation in collective forms of management acted as a “corporate elevator” of economic recovery with the prospect of reviving the individual peasant economy, which allows the use of the term okrestyanivaniye. Land conflict in this case is a traditional way of ensuring the agricultural community functionality, regardless of its organizational form (family, community, collective). The empirical basis of the study is the materials of the land dispute between the Troekurovskaya volost of the Lebedyansky district artels of the Tambov province.Materials and Methods. The source base of the study is made up of documents from the Regional state Institution “State Archive of the Lipetsk Region” (SALR), including correspondence from provincial and county land departments and commissions, reports and correspondence of surveyors with land authorities, plans, land plots, acts, statements, complaints from Lebedyansky County artels’ representatives. Most of the submitted documents are being put into circulation for the first time. Statistical and reporting materials of the Tambov provincial Executive Committee, provincial and county government bodies meetings are also used in the research process. A systematic approach, general scientific and historical research methods are used.Results and Discussion. The dynamics analysis of collective construction in the Tambov province is conducted, the land management results of the Lebedyansky district artels in the first half of the 1920s are revealed. Regional features of the peasant attitude to socialist forms of management are revealed. The evolution of the inter-artel land dispute is considered: causes, motivation, conflict course, parties’ arguments and land authorities reaction of the Tambov province and Lebedyansky district. Based on the artels’ evidentiary documents analysis, the economic and social components of the land dispute are revealed.Conclusion. The goal-setting of border groups of peasants to participate in artel forms of farming is determined. Based on the analysis of the dynamics of the land conflict, a conclusion is made about the desire of farmers in the conditions of the economic crisis of the beginning of the recovery period to use collective forms to ensure economic, social and physical survival, as a basis for the subsequent revival of individual farming. The term peasantization is used in relation to the designated process
Parcelling of the lands of Eastern Galicia in the second half of the 19th – early 20th century
Authors: Zhitin R. M. , Topilsky A. G.
Published: December 2024

Importance. The economic development of Austro-Ugric Russia in the second half of the 19th – early 20th century was catching up with other regions of the Habsburg monarchy. In the last third of the 19th – early 20th century in Galicia, the parcelling (division into small parts) of landlords’ estates became widespread. On the Polish side, it was attended by large landowners, immigrants from Western Galicia, and various financial and political organizations. On the Russo-Ukrainian side, the struggle for land was carried out mainly by wealthy peasants, priests, peasant credit societies and unions. Land parcelling has become one of the most important factors in the deterioration of Polish-Ukrainian relations.Materials and Methods. The main sources are collections of statistics, the press and journalism of the period under study. The methodological basis of the study includes the use of historicaltypological and historical-comparative methods, which made it possible to study the peculiarities of changes in large-scale land ownership in Galicia. The principle of historicism, which assumes an analysis of the subject of research taking into account the realities of a particular historical epoch is usedResults and Discussion. The study analyzes the process of parcelling (division into small parts of plots of landlords’ estates). The characteristic of the distribution of land between Polish, Russo- Ukrainian peasants and Jews is given, and Polish peasants, upon receiving land plots, moved to the eastern part of Galicia, inhabited mainly by the East Slavic (Russo-Ukrainian) population. It is shown that the resettlement of Polish peasants to the territory of Eastern Galicia was organized by Polish national parties and organizations. The land parcel acted as a kind of testing ground for competitions between Polish landowners and Russo-Ukrainian peasants in the struggle for land. At the same time, a significant part of the land magnates did not cooperate with the organization of the resettlement of Polish peasants, selling land to Russo-Ukrainian peasants during the parcel. This was due to the economic rather than political interests of large landowners, however, even with such land sales, the interests of the East Slavic population suffered, since peasants often got the worst plots. In addition, illegal ways of using landlord power over the surrounding peasant population are analyzed, when individual landlords imposed the worst plots of land on Russo- Ukrainian peasants, took away land, and used violence. It is shown how the legislative and executive authorities in the eastern part of Galicia did not try to somehow prevent abuses by large landowners.Conclusion. As a result, Russo-Ukrainian peasants got less than 20 % of agricultural land during the period under study, which led to a further aggravation of Russo-Polish and Russo-Jewish relations and prevented the introduction of capitalist economy in peasant land ownership
Application of Pogil Learning Model Integrated with Local Wisdom to Improve Students' Critical Thinking Skills
Authors: Izza Zumrotul , Haryanto Sri , Firdaus Firdaus
Published: December 2024

This article aims to: 1) Know whether students who learn using the POGIL Learning Model integrated with local wisdom have better critical thinking skills than students who learn with conventional learning. 2) Knowing how much the improvement of students' critical thinking skills in the application of the POGIL Learning Model integrated with local wisdom. This article uses a quantitative approach. The method used is Quasi Experiment Design. This study used a pretest-postest control group design. Data analysis techniques were carried out by analyzing preliminary tests of normality and homogeneity then hypothesis testing and N gain testing using the SPSS program. The results of this study showed the following: 1) The results of the first hypothesis test, namely the independent t test, obtained the results of the price of thit > ttab , namely 2.156>1.671 so that H0 is rejected and Ha is accepted, it can be concluded that critical thinking skills are higher in the experimental class using the POGIL learning model integrated with local wisdom. 2) The second hypothesis test using the N-Gain test obtained the results of the experimental class the average value of the N-gain score for the experimental class (POGIL model) after and before being treated was 57.380 or 57.4% and had an N-gain criterion value of 0.4970 included in the medium criteria and was quite effective.