bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE ABILITY OF THE ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA DELI MURNI BANDAR BARU ON USING COUNTABLE ANDUNCOUNTABLE NOUNS IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR OF 2020/2021
Authors: Karo Tesalonika Br , Lumbanraja Viator , Sembiring Novalina
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this research is to describe the ability of the eleventh-grade students of SMA Deli Murni Bandar Baru on using Countable and Uncountable Nouns. The population of this research was the eleventh-grade students, with 58 students taken as sample. The instrument of collecting data is a test concerning Countable and Uncountable Nouns. The tryout test was done to know the validity, reliability, item difficulty of test items. The result showed that 5 students (15 %) belong to the high category, 24 students (73 %) to the moderate category, and 4 students (12 %) to the low category. The mean score was 61,39 it was only 24 % of the total students who can do the test well with 12 students who get a score above 75, it means that the eleventh-grade students of SMA Deli Murni Bandar Baru are not yet able to use Countable and Uncountable Nouns. Based on the total incorrect answers made by the students in using countable and uncountable was 502. The percentage of studentsâ€™ mistakes made by students in uncountable multiple choice including indefinite and quantifier uncountable was 33 %, in countable multiple choice including singular, regular, irregular countable 34%, in the countable essay including regular and irregular countable was 33%. Based on the findings and conclusions, some suggestions are offered to English teachers, English students, and other researchers. Especially to English teachers, who teach in school, are advised to improve students' ability to use countable and uncountable nouns.
ANALYZING STUDENTSâ€™ ERRORS IN WRITING COMPOSITION. A THESIS. TEACHERS TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY. CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF SAINT THOMAS.
Authors: Simbolon Verawati R. , Lumbanraja Viator , Prima Anna Stasya
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this research was to find out the errors made by the eleventh grade students of SMA Swasta Santu Petrus Sidikalang in writing composition in the academic year of 2020/2021. Errors were analyzed based on linguistic category taxonomy. Linguistic category taxonomy consists of morphology and syntax. The population of this research is 262 students and 56 is randomly taken as a sample. Based on the result of the data analysis, there are 169 errors made by the students on their writing compositions. Morphological errors is 85 (50,29%) and syntactical errors is 84 (49,69%). Morphological errors that students made in morphology of linguistic category are definite aricle incorrect 14 (8,29%), possessive case incorrect 17 (10,05%), third person singular verb incorrect 25 (14,79%), simple past tense incorrect 28 (16,57%) and comparative adjective/adverb incorrect 1 (0,59%). In syntax there are noun phrase 40 (23,67%), verb phrase 28 (16,57%), verb-and-verb construction 5 (2,95%), word order 9 (5,32) and some trafnsformation 2 (1,18%). In conlusion the dominant errors made by the students is in morphology error.
FACTORS AFFECTING HOUSEHOLD FOOD EXPENDITURE THROUGH THE UTILIZATION OF YARD LAND IN DEWANTARA SUBDISTRICT, ACEH UTARA
Authors: Martina Martina , Praza Riyandhi , Zuriani Zuriani
Published: October 2021

Food is a basic need that must be met by households. Utilization of home yard land is one of the alternatives to realize food self-sufficiency in households in Dewantara District which iscan save on food expenditure and ensure the fulfillment of household food needs which are always available, easily accessible and can be used at any time. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence household food expenditures that utilize yard land with horticultural cultivation in Dewantara Subdistrict, Aceh Utara. The sample in this study was 60 families who were selected by simple random sampling. Data were analyzed descriptively quantitatively using multiple linear regression test. The results showed that simultaneously the factorIncome (X1), yard area (X2), number of household members (X3), housewife education (X4), and number of working household members (X5) have a significant effect on food expenditure. Partially, only the income factor (X1) and the number of household members (X3) have a significant effect on household food expenditure.
An Evaluation of the Flipped-Learning Pedagogical Approach
Authors: Chendri Devender
Published: October 2021

In recent years the emerging possibilities in the education system are flexibility (Nuhoğlu et al., 2020) and self-paced learning (Priscila, 2020). The flexibility of studying anywhere and anytime can provide opportunities for learners to achieve their educational goals. A self-paced and customized learning environment could enhance the learning experience of the students.  This research evaluates flipped-learning pedagogical approaches for year 13 Maths students. Quantitative and qualitative data collection methods track and monitor students’ academic outcomes. The findings suggest that flipped-learning improved students’ academic achievement and progress. Additionally, students who missed the lessons could understand the concept and complete learning activities before coming to the next lesson. A flipped-learning approach has encouraged the students to make them responsible for their learning, bringing questions to the classroom to extend their conceptual understanding, and develop mathematical reasoning and thinking skills.
Misinformation and Hate Speech: The Case of Anti-Asian Hate Speech During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kim Jae Yeon , Kesari Aniket
Published: October 2021

Donald Trump linked COVID-19 to Chinese people on March 16, 2020, by calling it the Chinese virus. Using 59,337 US tweets related to COVID-19 and anti-Asian hate, we analyzed how Trump’s anti-Asian speech altered online hate speech content. Trump increased the prevalence of both anti-Asian hate speech and counterhate speech. In addition, there is a linkage between hate speech and misinformation. Both before and after Trump’s tweet, hate speech speakers shared misinformation regarding the role of the Chinese government in the origin and spread of COVID-19. However, this tendency was amplified in the post-Trump tweet period. The literature on misinformation and hate speech has been developed in parallel, yet misinformation and hate speech are often interwoven in practice. This association may exist because biased people justify and defend their hate speech using misinformation.
The Problems with Immersive Advertising: In AR/VR, Nobody Knows You Are an Ad
Authors: Heller Brittan , Bar-Zeev Avi
Published: October 2021

The Problems with Immersive Advertising: In AR/VR, Nobody Knows You Are an Ad
Introducing the Journal of Online Trust and Safety
Authors: Cryst Elena , Grossman Shelby , Hancock Jeff , Stamos Alex , Thiel David
Published: October 2021

Introducing the Journal of Online Trust and Safety
Modified Group Method of Data Handling for Flood Quantile Prediction at Ungauged Site
Authors: Badyalina Basri , Shabri Ani , Mokhtar Nurkhairany Amyra , Ramli Mohamad Faizal , Majid Muhammad , Yusri Muhammad Yassar
Published: October 2021

Handling flood quantile with little data is essential in managing water resources. In this paper, we propose a potential model called Modified Group Method of Data Handling (MGMDH) to predict the flood quantile at ungauged sites in Malaysia. In this proposed MGMDH model, the principal component analysis (PCA) method is matched to the group method of data handling (GMDH) with various transfer functions. The MGMDH model consists of four transfer functions: polynomial, sigmoid, radial basis function, and hyperbolic tangent sigmoid transfer functions. The prediction performance of MGMDH models is compared to the conventional GMDH model. The appropriateness and effectiveness of the proposed models are demonstrated with a simulation study. Cauchy distribution is used in the simulation study as a disturbance error. The implementation of Cauchy Distribution as an error disturbance in artificial data illustrates the performance of the proposed models if the extreme value or extreme event occurs in the data set. The simulation study may say that the MGMDH model is superior to other comparison models, namely LR, NLR, GMDH and ANN models. Another beauty of this proposed model is that it shows a strong prediction performance when multicollinearity is absent in the data set.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Food Research, Vol. 10 No. 5
Authors: Dong Bella
Published: October 2021

Journal of Food Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.

Journal of Food Research is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: jfr@ccsenet.org

Reviewers for Volume 10, Number 5

Ammar Eltayeb Ali Hassan, University of Tromsø, Norway

Bojana Filipcev, University of Novi Sad, Serbia

Bruno Alejandro Irigaray, Facultad de Química, Uruguay

Claudia Alejandra Narvaez, University of Manitoba, Canada

Corina-aurelia Zugravu, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, Romania

Diego A. Moreno-Fernández, CEBAS-CSIC, Spain

Elke Rauscher-Gabernig, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Austria

Elsa M Goncalves, Instituto Nacional de Investigacao Agrária (INIA), Portugal

Emma Chiavaro, University of Parma, Italy

Eng-Tong Phuah, Universiti Teknologi Brunei, Brunei

J. Basilio Heredia, Research Center for Food and Development, Mexico

Jose Maria Zubeldia, Clinical Regulatory Consultant for the HIV & Hepatitis C initiative at Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative, Spain

Leonardo Martín Pérez, Pontifical Catholic University of Argentina, Argentina

Liana Claudia Salanta, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Romania

Meena Somanchi, United States Department of Agriculture, United States

Mohd Nazrul Hisham Daud, Malaysian Agricultural Research & Development Institute, Malaysia

Philippa Chinyere Ojimelukwe, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Nigeria

Rania I. M. Almoselhy, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt

Vezirka Jankuloska, University "St. Kliment Ohridski" - Bitola, Republic of Macedonia

Xingjun Li, Academy of the National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, China

Y. Riswahyuli, Gadah Mada University, Indonesia

Zahra Saleh Ahmed, National Research Centre, Egypt
Nature, Human and City (Appreciating the Effect of Covid-19 on Human and City)
Authors: Nikjooy Majid , Khakpour Amin , Ghasemzadeh Parisa , Eghdam Shabnam
Published: October 2021

Despite the existing and potential characteristics of nature in urban planning process, technological progress and the rate of change in the physical identity of cities have increased natural mutations and taken the relationship between humans and nature out of the normal process. Among the natural mutations, we can mention infectious diseases, which have been nature's reaction against the city and the density of the urban population. Health issues and infectious diseases have long plagued cities, leading to changes in architecture and its rules and regulations. This process has been done less in urban planning regulations and this has increased the vulnerability of citizens in the urban environment against infectious diseases. Accordingly, this study attempted to offer principles centered on the physical nature of the city, while reviewing the history of infectious diseases in the world and considering urban planning theories related to urban health and pollution and the statistics of sample cities in the face of Covid-19 in order to accompany urban physical changes with human, technological, identity and natural changes to help urban management to reduce citizens’ vulnerability against infectious diseases. Data were collected using library and internet resources. Principles are derived from the Delphi method of experts. Some of the proposed principles are balanced building density, observing the minimum ratio of open space to urban residential space and balanced distribution of open space in the city, reducing per capita office use, establishing a crisis center with isolated conditions in each neighborhood, increasing per capita urban equipment and facilities land use, balanced distribution of neighborhood services, moving to multi-center cities, reducing concentration in city centers and using multifunctional urban spaces. Currently, due to natural mutations as well as changes in culture, traditions, and technological mutations, we need flexible rules and regulations to identify cities and align with nature. Therefore, it should be considered that the proposals offered are following the current situation and should be amended and updated over time and as circumstances change.
Outcomes of Surgery for Enchondromas within the Hand
Authors: Żyluk Andrzej
Published: October 2021

Background. Enchondromas are the most common benign bone tumours found in the hand. They are usually accidentally diagnosed on an X-ray, because they grow asymptomatically. In some cases, a pathological fracture of the involved phalanx may be the first sign. The objective of this study was to assess the results of operative treatment of enchondromas involving hand phalanges and metacarpals.
Material and methods. The study group consisted of 24 patients, 16 women (67%) and 8 men, (33%), aged a mean of 31 years, who were operated on at our centre. The surgery consisted in curettage, and - in most cases - filling the bone defect with either a bone graft or a bone substitute. Follow-up assessment was performed over the telephone in 17 patients (79% of the group) at a mean of 2 years after surgery.
Results. Half of the patients were asymptomatic and fully recovered functionally, whereas the other half complained of some not troublesome symptoms such as scar discomfort, limitation of finger movement or cold sensitivity. No differences were observed with regard to the material used for filling of the bone defect following curettage. Two cases of recurrence were noted after surgery: one in the bone substitute group and one in the bone graft group.
Conclusions. 1. Enchondromas are the most common benign bone tumours encountered in bones of the hand. 2. The first line treatment in these lesions is curettage and filling of the bone defect with a bone sub­stitute or cancellous bone graft. 3. Both the results of the present study and literature data show that the approach to managing the tu­mour cavity after curettage has no significant effect on outcomes, which are essentially satisfactory.
Substrate and temperature on seed germination of Aspidosperma vargasii A. DC. (Apocynaceae)
Authors: Miranda Izabele Domingues Soares , Duarte Manoela Mendes , Miranda Rodrigo Otávio Veiga de
Published: October 2021

The Amazon has a wide diversity, including forest species with timber and non-timber potential, which often have their use restricted due to a lack of silvicultural information. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of substrates and temperatures on seed germination of Aspidosperma vagarsii. Therefore, the premise of a completely randomized design was followed, in a 3 x 3 factorial scheme, with three substrates (paper, sand and vermiculite) and three temperatures (20, 25 and 30 °C). The germination percentage, germination speed index and mean germination time were determined, as well as germination relative frequency graphs. In addition, the weight of a thousand seeds, the number of seeds per kilo, and the moisture content was determined. The weight of thousand seeds was equal to 276.4 g, with 3,618 seeds per kilo, and a moisture content of 9.5%. There was no interaction between the studied factors. The sand substrate and temperatures of 20 and 25 °C presented the best results for seed germination of A. vargasii.
Rice Leaf Disease Recognition using Local Threshold Based Segmentation and Deep CNN
Authors:   Computer Science and Engineering Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh, Islam Anam , Islam Redoun , Haque S. M. Rafizul , Islam S.M. Mohidul , Khan Mohammad Ashik Iqbal
Published: October 2021

Timely detection of rice diseases can help farmers to take necessary action and thus reducing the yield loss substantially. Automatic recognition of rice diseases from the rice leaf images using computer vision and machine learning can be beneficial over the manual method of disease recognition through visual inspection. During the recent years, deep learning, a very popular and efficient machine learning algorithm, has shown great promise in image classification task. In this paper, a segmentation-based method using deep neural network for classifying rice diseases from leaf images has been proposed. Disease-affected regions of the rice leaves have been segmented using local segmentation method and the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) has been trained with those images. Proposed method has been applied on three different datasets including the one created by us which consists of the rice leaf images collected from Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI). Three state-of-the-art CNN architectures VGG, ResNet and DenseNet, used in the proposed method, have been trained with these three datasets for classifying the diseases. Classification performance of the proposed method using the said three CNN architectures for the three datasets have been analyzed and compared. These results show that this model is quite promising in classifying rice leaf diseases. Outcome of this research is an enhancement in the performance of rice disease classification which is quite significant for the viability of this work to be transformed into a real-time application for the farmers.
A Multi-Stage Approach Combining Feature Selection with Machine Learning Techniques for Higher Prediction Reliability and Accuracy in Cervical Cancer Diagnosis
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of Computer Application, SEACOM SKILLS UNIVERSITY, Kendradangal, Bolpur, Birbhum, 731 236, West Bengal, India, Chaudhuri Avijit Kumar , Ray Arkadip , Banerjee Dilip K. , Das Anirban
Published: October 2021

Cervical cancer is the fourth most prevalent cancer in women which has claimed 3,41,831 lives and accounted for 6,04,127 new cases in 2020 worldwide. To reduce such a vast mortality rate, early detection of the disease is essential. A fast, accurate, and interpretable machine learning model is a research subject. Fewer features reduce the computational effort and improve interpretation. A 3-Stage Hybrid feature selection approach and a Stacked Classification model are evaluated on the cervical cancer dataset obtained from the UCI Machine Learning Repository with 35 features and one outcome variable. Stage-1 uses a Genetic Algorithm and Logistic Regression Architecture for Feature Selection and selects twelve features well correlated with the class but not among themselves. Stage-2 utilizes the same Genetic Algorithm and Logistic Regression Architecture for Feature Selection to select five features. In Stage-3, Logistic Regression (LR), Naïve Bayes (NB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Extra Trees (ET), Random Forest (RF), and Gradient Boosting (GDB) are used with the five features to identify patients with or without cancer. Data splitting, several metrics, and statistical tests are used, along with 10-fold cross validation, to do a comparative analysis. LR, NB, SVM, ET, RF, and GDB demonstrate improvement across performance measures by reducing the number of features to five. In the 66-34 split, all five machine learning methods except NB recorded 97% accuracy with 5 features. Also, the Stacked model produced higher than 96% accuracy with five features in 66-34 and 80-20 splits, and in 10-fold cross validation. Various performance aggregators have shown improved results with reduced features when compared to previous studies. Finally, with approximately 100% performance in classification results, the suggested ensemble model showed its promise. The output results were compared to those of other studies on the same dataset, and the proposed classifiers were found to be the most effective across all performance dimensions.
The evolution of shelter �self-recovery�: adapting thinking and practice for post-disaster resilience
Authors: Twigg John
Published: October 2021

Providing adequate shelter after disasters is often a huge challenge to humanitarian agencies, whose interventions may reach only a small proportion of affected households. To overcome this problem, the international humanitarian shelter sector is increasingly adopting what is called a �self-recovery� approach that gives much greater choice and agency to disaster-affected households regarding their recovery pathways. This article reviews the concept of �self-recovery�, its application to housing reconstruction after disasters and the factors influencing its recent rise to prominence in humanitarian policy and practice. The article draws on academic studies, evidence generated by humanitarian agencies and the author�s involvement as observer and participant in recent self-recovery initiatives.
Dugin's deconstruction of postmodernity: Postliberalism and postpolitics
Authors: Perišić Srđan
Published: October 2021

The paper studies Dugin's argumentation of postmodernity. In his philosophical and politicological works (Philosophy of Politics, Postphilosophy, Fourth Political Theory and Postmodern Geopolitics) written after 2000, Dugin applies the deconstruction method to explain the postmodern paradigm which the West definitely stepped into at the end of the twentieth century. We begin with his understanding of the end of modernism and revelation of liberalism as a matrix of the emergence of the postmodern paradigm. Afterwards we study the revelation of postmodern liberalism as postliberalism. Moreover, the question is analyzed as to how postmodernization of the liberal individual into the postindividual one proceeds. In the final considerations we speak of the transformation of modern politics into postpolitics.
Sensory processing of children and students with autism spectrum disorder and typical development in relation to gender and age
Authors: Roknić Ana , Vuković Sanja
Published: October 2021

Introduction. Sensory processing is a neurobiological process in which a person uses their senses, sends information to an appropriate reception and processing center, and responds to environmental stimulations. Previous research has shown that sensory processing difficulties are more common among people with autism spectrum disorder than among people of the typical population. Objectives. The aim of this paper was to determine the patterns of sensory processing in subjects of the typical population and subjects with autism spectrum disorder, as well as gender and age differences in sensory profiles in these groups of subjects. Methods. Using The Child Sensory Profile 2 as the measuring instrument, the characteristics of sensory processing were examined in 120 subjects of both genders, 60 subjects with autism spectrum disorder and 60 subjects of typical development, ages three to 13 years and 11 months. Results. The obtained results show that there are differences between the two groups of respondents and that these differences occur in all nine subscales of the instrument. It was found that subjects with autismspectrumdisorder hadmore difficulty in processing sensory information compared to subjects of the typical population, especially in the domain of tactile perception. The results also show that the quality of sensory information processing in both groups of respondents improved with age. In relation to the respondents' gender, the obtained differences were significant in the domain of the total score of the instrument, in favor of the boys, but this was not observed in the measurements on all subscales. Conclusion. In accordance with the above findings, when creating an individual educational plan, it is necessary to take into account all the specifics of sensory processing of children with autism spectrum disorder.
Entre o músico e o professor: o percurso do reconhecimento
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Tocantins, Brasil Anderson Fabrício Andrade , Caetano Ana Paula ,   Universidade de Lisboa, Paz Ana ,   Universidade de Lisboa
Published: October 2021

Este artigo se antepara em uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa que teve como sujeitos sociais músicos portugueses e brasileiros que se tornaram docentes. O trabalho assume como objetivo discutir o percurso e os processos pelos quais construíram o reconhecimento de si como professores de música, a partir de entrevistas narrativas, e refletir sobre as potencialidades desta estratégia de contar histórias da sua história de vida na investigação na área da educação musical. Os resultados interpretados alcançam um conjunto complexo de momentos e acontecimentos, desenhando caminhos para alguns inesperados e não desejados, que no conjunto vão proporcionando experiências nas quais percebem o sentido de ser na relação com o outro e nas quais constroem os saberes que mobilizam no seu cotidiano profissional, permitindo que o “saber docente” escape a exclusividade da formação acadêmica, sendo construído também por meio do constante deslocamento do passado e do futuro destes sujeitos sociais.
“A La Ursa quer dinheiro, quem não dá é pirangueiro”: transformações no carnaval das La Ursas em São Caitano (PE)
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Santos Marília Paula dos
Published: October 2021

A La Ursa é uma brincadeira carnavalesca do Nordeste do Brasil. O personagem principal é um Urso. É comum encontrar essa expressão no estado de Pernambuco. Com as diversas mudanças na sociedade, a La Ursa também se transformou, incluindo seu som e sua música. Este artigo tem como objetivo descrever e discutir a história da La Ursa em São Caitano-PE, apontando para as transformações da brincadeira durante o carnaval na sua cidade. Foram realizadas entrevistas com o presidente da Associação das La Ursas de São Caitano e com outras pessoas envolvidas com a história e com as modificações da brincadeira. As mudanças necessárias para garantir a existência da La Ursa estão ligadas, sobretudo, a fatores econômicos, políticos e culturais.
A natureza do feedback no ensino e na aprendizagem de piano com o uso de tecnologia digital no ensino superior
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Hamond Luciana , Himonides Evangelos ,   UCL Institute of Education, Welch Graham ,   UCL Institute of Education
Published: October 2021

O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi investigar a natureza do feedback quando um sistema de tecnologia digital foi aplicado em aulas de piano com três duplas de professores e alunos no ensino superior no Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por meio de observações de aulas registradas em vídeo, entrevistas com os participantes e também dados relacionados ao uso de uma tecnologia específica. Uma análise temática dos dados resultantes sugere que os participantes usaram feedback verbal e feedback não verbal em três áreas de foco da aula: música (partitura), performance (por exemplo, dinâmica, articulação) e tecnologia (parâmetros de Musical Instrument Digital Interface [MIDI]). A aplicação da tecnologia permitiu que o foco da aula ficasse mais claro, tornando os alunos mais conscientes de suas performances e de seus processos de aprendizagem. Os dados sugerem que o engajamento com a tecnologia variou nos três casos observados. O uso do feedback mediado pela tecnologia parece ter benefícios; isso pode, por sua vez, otimizar as abordagens pedagógicas mais tradicionais no ensino e aprendizagem de piano no ensino superior e também enriquecer o estudo individual.
Um panorama nublado: a atividade musical como reconstrução identitária
Authors: Silva Gabriel Barth da , Guerra Paula
Published: October 2021

O futuro se revela como uma entidade cada vez mais nebulosa e incerta para a sociedade contemporânea. Diversos fenômenos contemporâneos estão na gênese da desesperança, no olhar limitado ao futuro, intrinsecamente modificando as formas de vivência social e de atitudes presentes. Na busca por esse futuro, a memória surge como uma ferramenta que, alicerçada na atividade musical, permite a ressignificação do presente e do passado, permitindo novos sentidos sobre o futuro. O presente artigo propõe uma análise de como diversas áreas do conhecimento agregam nessa correlação de memória, atividade musical e sentido, e de como esse diálogo é essencial para gerar reconfigurações identitárias possíveis para construir novos hori-zontes sobre o futuro.
Schoenberg contra Schenker contra Schoenberg: polêmicas sobre dissonância, motivo e forma e as reconciliações possíveis
Authors:   Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Dudeque Norton
Published: October 2021

Este texto aborda uma das polêmicas mais importantes da teoria e análise musical do século XX. O embate entre Schoenberg e Schenker sobre a legitimidade das notas não harmônicas na música tonal, dissonâncias, a importância de motivo e forma. No texto busca-se discutir e esclarecer as concepções sobre estes assuntos e sua importância para as respectivas teorias analíticas de cada autor. Por fim, o texto apresenta as tentativas de reconciliação entre as duas tendências analíticas.
Una nueva concepción del sistema tonal (la concepción global de la música)
Authors: Purroy Chicot Pedro
Published: October 2021

"O que aqui pretendemos demonstrar é que essa ordem que se esconde por trás das aparências e essas leis elementares também existem para a música, mas em um lugar mais profundo do que as teorias conhecidas até agora têm sido capazes de alcançar, tanto no que diz respeito às obras musicais. bem como do próprio Sistema Musical."
A Study into the Pawprints of Urban Dogs
Authors: Blaževičius Povilas
Published: October 2021

The aim of the article is to present a comprehensive study on specific paw parameters and features, movement peculiarities, leg injuries, hairiness, etc. of dogs that lived in the city of Vilnius and its surroundings and left their marks on clay ware made by local craftsmen. The study was based on 238 clay objects found in Vilnius and dating from the late thirteenth to the eighteenth century. Dogs were found to leave the highest number of pawprints on bricks (90.8%), with significantly lower numbers on floor tiles (8%) and roof tiles (1.2%). The apparent increase in the number of traces is recorded from approximately the fifteenth century due to the steady increase in the quantity of clay products and the accessibility of the production environment to domestic animals. More than 450 dog pawprints in clay were examined using a trasology technique. Most frequently, one, two, or three traces were found on an artefact, while four, five, or six traces on one object were much less frequent. The analysis of trace features showed that 179 of the traces were those of the forepaws and 112 of the hind paws. The assessment of the deformation of the clay articles during firing and the comparison of the data obtained with the parameters of the paws of current breeds of dogs suggest that about 2% of the pawprints were left by small or young dogs. Mediumsized dogs left 70.5% of the traces, 25.7% belonged to dogs resembling current breeds of Doberman or Labrador retriever, 4.7% dogs similar to Borzoi or German shepherd, and 0.9% to Akita or Bobtail. An additional comparison of the pawprints with those of the present-day Lithuanian hounds showed that this type of dog could have left about 22% of the total number of the paw prints studied. It can be concluded that the results of the tracing studies revealed a significantly broader picture than the zooarchaeological material. Pawprint studies show that 25% of the dogs in the city of Vilnius during the period in question were long-haired and 75% were short-haired. The recorded paw pathologies provided information on various nail and toe injuries, tendon pathologies, and one possible case of patella dislocation. Meanwhile, the analysis of the dogs’ speed of movement suggests that at least some of the dogs in Vilnius between the late thirteenth and the eighteenth century were not tied and moved freely in the environment of the craftsmen who manufactured clay ware. In summary, the preliminary results of the pawprint analysis make a significant contribution to the broader knowledge of the history of dogs and provide unique data on urban dogs, which are scarcely recorded in written and zooarchaeological sources.
Dialog og læremiddelbrug
Authors: Danielsen Astrid Marie Møller
Published: October 2021

Denne artikel sætter fokus på dialogens betydning for læremiddel-brugen i historieundervisningen. Artiklen bygger på empiri indsamlet på seks forskellige skoler i tre regioner i Danmark i forbindelse med historiesporet i PaL-projektet (2018-2020). Artiklen undersøger på et empirisk grundlag, hvordan og hvorfor læreren vælger læremidler, og hvordan læremidlerne indgår dialogisk i klasserummet for at understøtte elevernes læremiddelbrug. Det analyseres på baggrund af en teoretisk beskrivelse af dialog sammenholdt med forskningsresultater om dialogens betydning for elevers læring. Observationerne omkring dialogen i forbindelse med læremiddelbrugen eksemplificeres i analyseafsnittet og diskuteres efterfølgende i diskussionsafsnittet. Observationerne tydeliggjorde, at dialogen omkring de didaktiske og semantiske læremidler og det intenderede læringsudbytte er meget varierende. Der åbnes op for at sætte mere fokus på en struktureret og organiseret dialog i klasserummet, som kan styrke elevernes læremiddelbrug.
Sådan uploader du html-filer, der indeholder billeder, i OJS 3.2
Authors: Frederiksen Niels Erik
Published: October 2021

Vejledning i hvordan du linker til billeder i en html-fil og efterfølgende uploader den sammen med billederne.
Corps à l’épreuve
Authors: Robinaud Marion
Published: October 2021

Cet article a pour but de mettre en question les corps dans les situations de rencontre entre missionnaires et Nord-Amérindiens. Ce contexte de rencontre sera considéré, non pas comme étant limité à la période coloniale historique, mais plutôt comme se poursuivant jusqu’au xxe siècle. À partir d’archives et de discours de religieuses missionnaires recueillis lors d’enquêtes de terrain, l’auteure examine la fabrication des corps dans ce contexte et analyse les moyens par lesquels les rapports à l’altérité se construisent à travers les corps, de part et d’autre, entre situations de confrontation, de mise en conformité et de persistance.
L’expérience scolaire des enfants rwandais élevés par des femmes cheffes de ménage
Authors: Narame Ernestine
Published: October 2021

Au Rwanda, plusieurs rapports gouvernementaux montrent que 32 % des familles sont dirigées par des femmes cheffes de ménage. La situation de cette « nouvelle catégorie sociale particulière » est difficile en raison des charges parentales qui incombent à ces femmes, des responsabilités familiales qu’elles cumulent et qui sont considérées comme tabou, et de la pauvreté (43,8 % de ces ménages sont pauvres). Du fait des conditions matérielles peu propices à la réussite scolaire, la scolarisation des enfants de FCM comporte d’énormes défis.

Partant de notre recherche doctorale sur l’expérience scolaire de 1 838 élèves en 6e année du primaire des écoles publiques de Kigali, cet article porte sur l’expérience scolaire des 314 élèves de cet échantillon éduqués par des femmes cheffes de ménage. Utilisant les données quantitatives issues d’un questionnaire, les données qualitatives tirées d’entretiens individuels et collectifs et les commentaires des questionnaires, l’analyse menée documente l’impact du fait d’être élevé par une femme chef de ménage sur la scolarisation de ces enfants, principalement en raison du manque de ressources financières nécessaires à une scolarité réussie. Cependant, notre analyse montre aussi que ces conditions difficiles n’empêchent pas certains jeunes de s’investir dans leur scolarité et de surmonter les difficultés.
GROWTH PARTICULARITIES OF AMERICAN POKEWEED – PLANT WITH MULTIPURPOSE UTILIZATION
Authors: IVANOVA Raisa , SIMKOVA Jana , BRINDZA Jan
Published: October 2021

American pokeweed (Phytolacca americana L.) is a good ornamental plant due to its ability to grow rapidly, broad and tall vegetation, and attractive grape-like fruits. However, American pokeweed and some useful chemical constituents, which accumulate in different parts of this plant, until present, in our opinion, are not utilised sufficient effectively. The leaves and seeds of Phytolacca americana L. produce pokeweed antiviral protein with increased antiviral and antifungal activities. Natural dyes accumulated in fruits can be used in the food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and textile industries. The purpose of this work was to study the growth particularities of pokeweed plants propagated by seeds, and to establish the content and antioxidant activity of main constituents (polyphenols and colorant substances) in ripe fruits. American pokeweed demonstrated the excellent adaptivity of seeds and seedlings under different condition of germination, transplantation and cultivation. In season of 2019, the vegetation cycle of Phytolacca americana L. annual plants continued maximal 210 days (from March to November). The biometrical indexes of stems, racemes, fruits and seeds corresponded to similar characters reported by other scientists. The aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts were obtained from ripe fresh fruits. The biggest amount of polyphenolic and colorant substances was found in aqueous extracts. The antioxidant activity of Phytolacca americana L. fruit extracts, evaluated in vitro by potentiometric procedure against the peroxyl free radicals, was in direct proportion to the content of polyphenols (r2=0.9563) and colorant substances (r2=0.9808). The colorant substances from American pokeweed fruits possessed the high antioxidant activity, IC50 was equal to 259.65±2.60mg/l.
LONG-TERM RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OAK DECLINE AND SHRUB GROWTH DYNAMICS IN AN HUNGARIAN OAK FOREST, 1972-2017
Authors: MISIK Tamás , KÁRÁSZ Imre
Published: October 2021

Long-term structural dynamics of shrub layer of temperate oak forest communities were not extensively reported in published studies. The serious oak decline was first reported in 1979-80 and nowadays 63.0% of canopy oak trees died in a forest stand. The data were used to obtain (1) quantitative information on shrub layer growth, including height (H) and shoot diameter (DSH) condition and basal area (BA) values; (2) structural information on foliage cover rate of the shrub layer, mean cover of some shrub species; (3) comprehensive description from the ecological processes in the shrub layer in the last 45 years and our objective was (4) to analyze the possible effects of oak decline on the shrub growth dynamics. The following measurements were carried out in the 48 × 48 m plot: shoot height, shoot diameter, basal area and foliage cover of each individuals in the high shrub layer. Correlation analysis confirmed that significant positive relations were between mean H, mean DSH of the dominant woody species (Acer campestre, Acer tataricum and Cornus mas) and oak tree density between 1972 and 2017. The decreasing oak tree density did not show detectable impact to the co-dominant shrubs growth. There was a low significant association between number of oak trees and basal area of high shrub layer. Finally, there was a statistically significant interaction between mean cover of A. campestre and C. mas and oak trees. The findings of the study indicate that forest responded to oak decline with significant structural rearrangement in the shrub layer.
PRE-TREATMENT AND INVESTIGATION OF WHEAT STRAW AND HEMP SHIVES FOR BINDER-LESS FIBREBOARD PRODUCTION
Authors: TUPCIAUSKAS Ramunas , RIZHIKOVS Janis
Published: October 2021

Wood-based panels (WBP) comprise a considerable part in the output of the European wood industry, GDP, and export. Over 30% of fibreboards and about 50% of other boards used in constructions and carpentry are produced in Europe. Industrially produced WBP contain synthetic adhesives determining mechanical properties and being made from oil are often toxic present health risks. Synthetic adhesives may comprise up to 15 % of the total WBP mass and up to 60 % of the total production costs. Production costs of WBP are important under the circumstances of rising oil prices. Moreover, synthetic bonding agents rather often is a source of emissions of formaldehyde and another problems with advancement of WBP solutions being offered by synthetic adhesives without formaldehyde (polymeric methylene diphenyl di-isocyanate – PMDI), or by natural adhesives from renewables (e.g., tannins or soy flour), or by pre-treatments activating bonding agents contained in the source material. The availability of raw materials for WBP is still another problem under the circumstances of the rate of population growth exceeding the rate of the regeneration of wood resources. Expanding the diversity of raw materials for production of WBP by utilization of agricultural residues containing components like wood is one of the possible solutions. The present study is aimed at development of technology of binder-less fibreboards made of steam-exploded agricultural residues, such as wheat straw (Triticum aestivum L.) and industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) shives. Some aspects of the study, like differences in chemical composition, thermal properties of raw and pretreated materials potentially affecting binder-less fibreboard bonding, presented.
BIOLOGICAL PECULIARITIES OF CYDALIMA PERSPECTALIS (WALKER, 1859) IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA
Authors: ELISOVETCAIA Dina , CALESTRU Livia , ȚUGULEA Cristina , DERJANSCHI Valeriu
Published: October 2021

The box tree moth Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), dangerous pest boxwood plants in East Asia (China, Japan and Korea), is currently officially present in 35 countries of the Europe. In the plantations of Buxus sempervirens in the central zone of the Republic of Moldova, a new invasive pest C. perspectalis was revealed in several localities. As a result of studying the biological peculiarities, it was found that the phytophage develops in the republic in three generations, wintering at the stage of larvae of 2-3 ages. The flight of imago in spring begins in May, the next generations appear in the middle and end of summer. Flight of imago and oviposition can continue until September-October with overlapping generations. The development of eggs at a temperature of + 25 ± 2 oC continued 3-5 days on average, the development of larvae was 20-36 days, the stage of the pupa – 12 ± 1.0 days. Lowering the temperature increased the duration of each stage. Moldovan populations box tree moth, as well as all the other populations described earlier from Asia and Europe, have several different types of wing colouring – typical (white), intermediate and melanic morphs. Pest monitoring is required to control population density. To manage the density of pest populations, it is necessary to use both traps with sex pheromone and microbiological and chemical preparations, depending on the situation.
Improvement of the procedure for application of VAT benefits in selling noble metals and gemstones
Authors: Semkina Tatyana , Razdorskaya Varvara
Published: October 2021

The subject of this research is the procedure for the preferential treatment of VAT, sale operations with noble metals and gemstones established in the Paragraphs 9 and 10.3 of the Article 149 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation. The exemption procedure, which is typical for such norms, has a number of peculiarities: it is not mandatory, since the taxpayer in accordance with the Tax Code has the right waive it and impose taxes on the same operations at the rate of 20%; it is not universal, since often granted to particular customers; it is not used by all taxpayers. Based on the example of noble metals at all stages of their promotion, since ore mining to sale of end products, the author analyzes different collection procedures of VAT (20% rate, exemption, 0% rate). Assessment is given to the effectiveness of application of preferential taxation procedures for noble metals and gemstones from the perspective of budget revenues, business operations, purchasing power, and compliance with the basic principles of VAT collection. For this purpose, the author builds the three models of VAT collection using the example of noble metals. The conclusion is made that the use of preferential procedures in the VAT calculation mechanism often leads to incompatibility of the interests of the state, business, and the end-consumer. Moreover, it contravenes the integral system of VAT collection, i.e. the principle of neutrality. Therefore, it is suggested to waive the privileges set in the Paragraphs 9 and 10.3 of the Article 149 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, and apply the rate of 20%. A number of additional recommendations were made on taxation of the end noble metal products.
The prose works of Antonio Machado in Russia
Authors: Grunina Yuliya Aleksandrovna , Terentieva Ekaterina Dmitrievna
Published: October 2021

The subject of this research is the history of translation the prose works of the remarkable Spanish poet, writer and publicist Antonio Machado into the Russian language. The object of this research is the translations of his prose works into the Russian languages conducted primarily in the last quarter of the XX century. The article employs biographical, descriptive, and cultural-historical methods. Special attention is given to Spanish translators I. Y. Tynyanov and V. S. Stolbov, whose names in the Russian literary space are closely related with the history of translation of the works of the prose writer and publicist Antonio Machado. The scientific novelty lies in the detailed description of A. Machado's prose, as well as detailed chronology of the emergence of translations of his prose into the Russian language. The relevance of this article substantiated by the absence of comprehensive analysis of the translations of A. Machado's prose works in the Russian Spanish studies. The prose works of A. Machado are also poorly studied in the Russian literary studies. The main conclusions consists in determination of the contribution of Russian translators to familiarization of the Russian-speaking audience with prose works of the Spanish author, as well as the need for further fundamental research of the entire literary heritage of Antonio Machado.
Plato's “Republic”: an example of proto-project mental activity and primary experience in design of new social forms
Authors: Rybalkina Polina
Published: October 2021

This article is dedicated to the analysis of Plato's work “The Republic” in the context of the genesis of project mentality  and project activity as the anthropological outcome that goes back to the early cultural states and primary personality-oriented ancient practices. The author shifts to the plane of historical-cultural retrospective of the origin of the phenomenon of project mentality with the objective vicissitudes of its genesis. An attempt is made to reflect on this process, examine and clarify certain moments associated with the prelude and dynamics of the development of project approach towards organizing modern reality. The author substantiates the original perspective on interpretation of Plato's “Republic” as the early typical example of proto-project mentality formed in the depths of ancient cultural practices. Project mentality is a promising vector of the existence of culture, the so-called matrix of personal fulfillment of a significant part of our contemporaries. The author believes that Plato's work “The Republic” should be recognized as one of the very first examples of proto-project due to the presence of a wide range of typological attributes of design. The conclusion is made that in accordance to most parameters, Plato's work “The Republic” falls under the concept of “project activity”, as it features majority of the aspects of sociocultural design.