bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New soundscape after the Covid-19 lockdown
Authors: Paunovic Katarina , Jakovljevic Branko , Mircic Radmila , Pajic Dragan , Konatarevic Milan
Published: February 2023

We present a pilot study on the perception of noise and noise annoyance from various environmental sources after the COVID-19 lockdown in Serbia. We used an online platform to conduct an anonymous survey on about 190 respondents aged 15 to 75 years from all over the country. After the
lockdown, there was a significant increase in the proportion of respondents who were highly annoyed by noise from the typical environmental sources, such as road traffic, air traffic, industrial facilities, and construction works on the streets, compared to the time during the lockdown. At
the same time, the proportion of respondents who were highly annoyed by the sirens of ambulance vehicles decreased significantly. However, the most annoying environmental sound during and after the lockdown was that emitted by the ambulance vehicles, which respondents described as "unpleasant",
"horrifying" and "irritating". The perception of the sounds of nature and church bells dropped significantly after the lockdown, whereas the perception of noise from the neighbors, household members, and indoor sources remained the same. In summary, after the lockdown,
respondents perceive the new soundscape as louder, burdened with a cacophony of noises, and subsequently more annoying.
Insight into the sound field during a Direct Field Acoustic Test (DFAT)
Authors: Carrella Alessandro , Mayne Wes
Published: February 2023

Over the past 2 decades acoustic testing for the space industry has evolved from the ubiquitous reverberant chambers to using loudspeakers in what has been defined as Direct Field Acoustic Testing (DFAT). The initial need was to create a versatile system to provide a portable test facility
to qualify space hardware on site as opposed to go to a dedicated test facility. Since that initial test carried out by MSI in the late '90s equipment and control strategies have improved and today it is possible to recreate an acoustic field which is very similar to that of a reverberant
chamber. Using Multi-Input-Multi-Output (MIMO) control strategy has solved many of the initial issues. And it allows for control of the field's diffusivity. However, unlike a test in a reverberant chambers, the acoustic fields produced in a DFA test is dependent on the parameters used by the
controller, its specific technology, and the whole sound generation system. This paper attempts to provide a qualitative overview and insight in the acoustic field generated by a set of loudspeakers set around a test item. Particular focus is placed on the diffusivity of the field as this
is a characteristic that is linked to the structural response of the device under test.
Sell and Buy Quiet - life cycle score estimation using online searches for impact wrenches
Authors: Zechmann Edward
Published: February 2023

Can Sell and Buy Quiet be generalized to consider all the factors influencing a purchasing decision and be implemented through web searches of product data? A simple web search of the "best impact wrenches of 2022" yielded a list of impact wrenches given various classification
schemes. These classifications were based on length, overall physical size, versatility, energy system (cordless), affordability, manufacturer, and other attributes of impact wrenches. A list of the best impact wrench for each classification was made from the search results. An additional
web search identified the best shopping websites for impact wrenches. These shopping websites had well organized product filters which clearly identified the factors that consumers consider important when purchasing an impact wrench. The important impact wrench attribute data were amassed
from user manuals and web searches. The life cycle scores were estimated using the Safety Procurement Standard SAE AS6228 for each of the classification schemes. The weighting of each of the factors was based on the importance given by the classification schemes. For each classification scheme,
the impact wrenches were then sorted by descending life cycle scores. For a particular classification scheme, higher life cycle scores indicate a better overall balance of the safety, health, and cost effectiveness.
Acoustic exposure, fire and belonging.
Authors: Berrens Karla
Published: February 2023

In Catalunya, devils are people belonging to Colla (a group partaking in fire and drumming street performances) that carry and dance with fireworks and firecrackers at the end of a wooden stick. A Correfoc is a fire performance where people dressed as devils run around and dance on
the streets with fireworks followed by a band of drummers. All together creates a temporarily very loud and visually attractive ambience. Like a very loud and rhytmical ball of fire passing through a street. Firecrackers and fireworks whistling and exploding produce very loud sounds, sometimes
reaching 175dB. The sonic intensity of these performances has to do both with the sound emanating from the fireworks and drums, and the reverberation the streets of Barcelona can create. Many devils are part of a Colla for decades, thus exposing their hearing to extreme levels of sound several
times a year, and in peak season, several times a week. This results in devils having varying levels of aural diversity and their health being negatively impacted by the sound they willingly expose themselves to. These aural diversity is worn as a kind of "badge of belonging" and
commitment to the Colla. This paper examines the intricacy behind this sense of belonging and the reasons why the health impacts do not seem to deter participation in Correfocs. It also examines why are fireworks producers keeping their product so loud. It concludes proposing an aurally sustainable
approach to partaking in this inherent element of Catalan popular culture.
Fluctuations by atmospheric turbulence in aircraft flyover auralisation
Authors: Lincke Dorothea , Pieren Reto
Published: February 2023

Long-term exposure to aircraft noise causes significant health issues among residents near airports. Therefore, noise impact assessments and noise control at the source are important aspects of the design of new aircraft. The design process of low-noise aircraft can be supported with
auralisation of virtual flyovers. In order to render plausible aircraft auralisations, multiple propagation phenomena have to be considered, such as geometrical spreading, air absorption, Doppler effect, and reflections from the ground. Additionally, measurements of aircraft flyover show clear
patterns of amplitude and phase fluctuations by atmospheric turbulence. Aircraft flyover auralisations should incorporate these clearly audible features of sound propagation in real-world conditions to be perceived as plausible. We present new approaches of time-variant filtering techniques
to account for phase and amplitude fluctuations as a function of atmospherical conditions characterised by the von Kármán turbulence spectrum of wind and temperature fluctuations. Compared to earlier approaches, the proposed model is closer to the physical mechanisms. The application
of the filters leads to a reduction of unnatural flanging and to a higher naturalness of level fluctuations. As the proposed method has shown to increase plausibility of aircraft flyover auralisation, its application in perception-based evaluation of future aircraft concepts is forseen.
Assessing the coupling strength between subsystems in (hybrid deterministic-)statistical energy analysis
Authors: Reynders Edwin , Van hoorickx Cédric
Published: February 2023

Statistical energy analysis (SEA) is a standard approach to high-frequency vibro-acoustic analysis that relies on a conceptual division of the system into subsystems that are assumed to carry a diffuse field and to be weakly coupled. The weak coupling assumption means that the exchange
of energy between subsystems can be described in terms of their uncoupled free vibration modes. In this work, a criterion is derived for assessing the coupling strength in the general case where the subsystems are rigidly coupled and/or via deterministic linear dynamic components. The criterion
is elaborated such that it can be directly evaluated from quantities that appear in the SEA power balance. In this process, the hybrid deterministic-SEA approach is employed such that subsystems and connections of arbitrary complexity can be tackled in a rigorous way. In one of its approximate
forms, the proposed general coupling strength criterion reduces to the gamma criterion that has appeared in the literature for assessing some special cases of coupling. The criterion is validated with a numerical example involving two diffuse plate subsystems connected via a deterministic
beam, whose dynamic behaviour influences the coupling strength.
The Status of International Guidance and Standards for Environmental Noise Assessment
Authors: Manvell Douglas
Published: February 2023

Since its first publication in 1971 of ISO/R 1996:1971 on Acoustics Assessment of Noise with Respect to Community Response, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) has developed and published a range of standards for environmental noise assessment. The main ISO 1996
series of standards on Description, Measurement and Assessment of Environmental Noise has been developed in phases. And almost 30 years ago, ISO 9613 Attenuation of Sound During Propagation Outdoors was added. More recently, supporting standards such as the ISO PAS 20065 Objective Method for
Assessing the Audibility of Tones in Noise and the ISO 17534 series concerning Software for the Calculation of Sound Outdoors have been added, and cooperation initiated with the International Electrotechnical Commission on the IEC 61400-11-2 Assessment of Wind Turbines Noise at receptor positions.
This paper provides an overview of ISO standards related to environmental noise assessment. It also describes the historical development of the ISO 1996 series and related standards. Current developments, including their status, are described. Finally, it provides some suggestions and considerations
for further research.
A Qualitative Approach to Explore Audio-Visual Interaction in a Hospital Environment
Authors: Yilmazer Semiha , Uğurlu Zeynep
Published: February 2023

This study presents the findings of audio and visual evaluations of a hospital environment. The research focused on the waiting area of an oncology polyclinic. The study aimed to get subjective responses of the oncology patients via Grounded Theory and create a conceptual framework
with the patients' answers. The polyclinic's acoustic and visual environments were identified, and LAeq levels were measured. Grounded Theory revealed patients' perception of the acoustic and visual environments of the polyclinic. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 voluntary
patients in three of the polyclinic's most crowded areas (e.g., reception, courtyard, and corridor). The conceptual framework showed that patients were affected by both audio and visual characteristics of the polyclinic. Patients explained the polyclinic with its existing condition and preferred
condition. The results revealed that patients want to hear additional relaxing sound sources such as music and nature sound rather than silence or noise, and they want to see natural elements such as water and greenery rather than plain walls.
Acoustic wave propagation through panels that are made of used tea bags
Authors: Mundula Stefano , Aygun Haydar
Published: February 2023

These days more than ever, society habits raise the necessity to consider the future of the environment. This presentation will tackle the aspect of more eco-friendly acoustic materials, more specifically analysing the properties of consumed tea bags, starting from the collection up
to the application and measurement of the final product. Many good options are often avoided, or not implemented for the lack of reliable properties analysis, encouraging existing materials to be chosen instead, the more information could be found about new materials, the more these could
have a chance to be used, compared, or eventually improved. Sound absorbing panels that are made of tea bags were designed and developed to investigate acoustic sound transmission through tea-bag panels. Measurements were carried out on tea-bag panels in an impedance tube using a transfer
function method to determine their sound absorption and transmission loss. Furthermore, the impedance gun system was used to determine acoustical properties of larger panels. Results show that 70 mm thick panels give an absorption coefficient higher than 0.8 between 500 Hz and 1600 Hz while
17 mm thick panels give an absorption coefficient that is mostly effective at higher frequencies. Up to 9 dB sound transmission loss is obtained at some frequencies.
Acoustic emission at the wheel-rail contact with micro-slip and stick-slip
Authors: Babici Laura Mariana , Tudor Andrei , Romeu Garbi Jordi
Published: February 2023

The paper aims to analyse the occurrence of acoustic emission at the wheel-rail contact during micro-slip. The experimental model allows the contact pressure variation (MPa..GPa) and the sliding speed (0.01 to 0.5 mm/s) specific to the wheel-rail contact. It is determined experimentally
and theoretically the appearance of the stick-slip phenomenon at the Hertzian contact of cylinder type (fixed-wheel specimen) - plane (mobile with very low speed - rail specimen). The experimental stand simultaneously measures the normal force, the friction force and the acoustic emission
at different contact pressures, sliding speeds and rigidities of the wheel specimen fixing system. The specimens are made of UIC standard materials used in the driving wheels and rails. The stick-slip phenomenon occurs at low micro-slip speeds and normal bending stiffness. Experimentally,
it is found that the jumps specific to the stick-slip phenomenon( friction coefficient-COF) are accompanied by the acoustic emission (AE) at the cylinder-plane interface. The energy emitted by AE (WAE) is correlated with the energy consumed by friction during the stick-slip period (WCOF).
The theoretical model regarding the stick-slip phenomenon of the Hertzian contact with slip specific to the experimental stand allows the analysis of the stability of the stick-slip movement.
Performance optimisation of small reverberant room with hanging diffusers
Authors: Bouché Patrick , Verdière Kevin , Campeau Simon
Published: February 2023

Small reverberant room can be an efficient and economic tool to provide fast sound absorption measurements in diffuse field of homogeneous sound absorber or more complex structure and useful for development, testing or evaluating specification requirements in many industrial fields.
A 5.7 m3 reverberant room with a Schroeder frequency around 1275 Hz can have some diffusivity issues in lower and middle frequencies leading to an unsuitable level of consistency, reliability, and repeatability. This paper presents the results of a study to improve the measurement performance
of this small reverberant room by adding hanging diffusers. Using Ray-Tracing method, a numerical parametric study was done to estimate sound absorption of various material by varying the number, the position, and the orientation of these diffusers based on ASTM C423 and E795 standard. Moreover,
extra simulation has been performed to evaluate the effect of sample size on sound absorption consistency in function of frequency. Following these prescriptions, an experimental study was done to confirm these improvements on frequency dependent sound absorption and single rating numbers
such as NRC (Noise Reduction Coefficient) and SAA (Sound Absorption Average).
High frequency modelling of electric motor vibration in the presence of adhesive bonded components
Authors: Gao Boyang , O'boy Dan , Mavros Georgios
Published: February 2023

Electric motors often include adhesive joints to bond magnets to shells. In this paper, the variability of the frequency response function is assessed with regards to high frequency, finite element modelling and validation. The adhesive bond is used to fix the permanent magnets to the
motor shell for the typical PMDC motor as it provides a smoother, more continuous surface than fixings without discontinuity of the magnetic field. To obtain the dynamic response of the motor housing at specified settings of the adhesive layer, which include variations in thickness and stiffness,
a finite element model is established in ABAQUS. Given the relative stiffness of the adhesive is lower, this has a significant effect on the overall stiffness of the casing, for a fixed mass and thus the response frequencies and loss factor. When using frequency response functions to couple
motors to components, this variability can be significant and thus this work is useful for the e-motor noise optimization at its design stage.
Noise generated by a drum brake at various operating conditions
Authors: Yella Akash , Chaudhary Aditya , Bharinikala Yuva Venkat Ajay , Sundar Sriram
Published: February 2023

Drum brakes are frequently found at the rear side of heavy vehicles and budget two-wheelers. The noise radiated from these brakes during typical operation plays a critical role in the passenger ergonomics. The acoustic behavior of an automotive drum brake during braking depends significantly
on vehicle speed and actuation force as they change frequently. This work attempts to experimentally estimate the effect of these two braking conditions on the noise generated by a two-wheeler drum brake. A sub-scaled experimental setup (with instrumentation) of a drum brake has been developed
for this purpose. The radiated sound pressure signals are captured as a result of varying these operating conditions. The acoustic effect of each condition is quantified using the sound pressure data. It is envisioned that the experimental analyses presented in this work will be helpful in
better understanding the dependence of acoustic characteristics on the braking conditions, further leading to improvements in the design of brakes.
Accelerometer intensity vector sensor network for environmental noise monitoring with source direction and location
Authors: Waite Jim
Published: February 2023

AIVS (Accelerometer-based Intensity Vector Sensors, /āvs/) represent a new way to measure 3-d sound and are designed to integrate into existing noise monitoring solutions. Standard microphones measure sound pressure, which cannot alone deduce the direction of sound propagation.
AIVS is based on the measurement of the velocity of a small parcel of air surrounding a triaxial accelerometer, from which a vector-based representation of sound intensity is calculated. AIVS integrates a MEMS triaxial accelerometer with one MEMS microphone and synchronously measures particle
velocity and pressure, resulting in a 3-d intensity vector at each AIVS node. An AIVS network is synchronized to GNSS time and sensors are deployed in groups surrounding and/or within a local measurement site. Low power AIVS nodes are location-aware and estimate azimuth and elevation angles
to detected noise sources as a function of frequency. Range to source is computed when noise events are observed from multiple nodes. AIVS nodes are managed by a Raspberry-PI (RPI) sensor hub in a wired CAN-bus supporting distances up to 100 m, or via the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) protocol.
More widely separated nodes are joined through WWLAN technologies via the local RPI hub.
Measurement of vibro-acoustic noise of drum brake under various contact conditions
Authors: Yuva Venkat Ajay Bharinikala , Chaudhary Aditya , Yella Akash , Sundar Sriram
Published: February 2023

Drum brakes are vital safety components, widely used in automobiles due to their greater availability and quick replaceability compared to disc brakes. Since automobiles are used in all weather conditions, the braking performance also changes accordingly. Penetration of water, oil,
and dust between the brake lining and the drum directly affects the contact parameters. These critical contact parameters (such as friction coefficient, contact damping, and stiffness) in turn affect the dynamic and acoustic responses of the nonlinear system. In this paper, the variation in
the vibro-acoustic characteristics of a drum brake due to the presence of water, oil, and dust on the brake lining is studied experimentally by measuring the radiated acoustic signals and the system response. The braking performance under different conditions is quantified based on the system
response while the acoustic behaviour of the system is studied using the acoustic measurements. This study would help in determining the safety of the automobile even under such abnormal braking conditions. Further, the acoustic measurements can be used to assess the contact condition of the
braking system. It is envisaged to develop an improved health monitoring system for drum brakes.
The role of nozzle exit-lip surface roughness on jet noise
Authors: Alapati Jaswanth Kalyan Kumar , K Srinivasan
Published: February 2023

This paper attempts to describe the jet noise sensitivity to the surroundings by considering the surface roughness of the nozzle exit lip. A thick lip convergent nozzle is used, and its lip surface roughness is altered by attaching sandpapers of various grades ranging from fine to coarse.
Far-field acoustic measurements for different under-expansion levels are carried out by changing the nozzle pressure ratio from 1.5 to 6.5. The results are compared with that of the smooth lip nozzle. The jet noise (screech tone) varies with the surface roughness of the exit lip due to changes
in the receptivity caused by the diffuse reflection of upstream acoustic waves by the lip. The screech tone is eliminated at higher pressure ratios with the coarse sheets, while screech amplitude is decreased for fine-grade ones.
Equivalent source method based Near-field acoustic holography using machine learning
Authors: Chaitanya S K , Sriraman Siddharth , Srinivasan Srinath , K Srinivasan
Published: February 2023

The equivalent source method has been one of the most commonly used methods for sound source localization. It involves equivalent sources spread over the source plane (or region). The pressure fields from these equivalent sources are usually spherical harmonics. But, the spherical harmonic
fields are derived for the Sommerfeld boundary condition with no reflection or reverberation. Data-driven methods help perform sound source localization in a reverberant environment when no prior information about the surroundings is available. The methods studied are linear regression (LR)
with Adam, linear regression with L-BFGS, multi-layer perceptron (MLP) with one and two hidden layers. The simulations are conducted for two monopoles in rooms with different reverberation times and compared with one norm convex optimization (L1CVX). It is observed that overall, LR with L-BFGS
gave the best results. Also, for low reverberation time, LR with L-BFGS was able to localize the sources better than L1CVX.
Study on an evaluation method of virus exposure risk by droplets focusing on a sound environment
Authors: Tsujimura Sohei
Published: February 2023

The final goal of our study is to propose a new method to evaluate the risk of virus infection from the aspect of the sound environment. In this study, we attempted to quantitatively grasp the relationship between speech level and number of droplets when talking while eating at a restaurant.
A psychoacoustic experiment was conducted in which the subject was made to speak under the condition that the background noise level was varied every 5 dB from 55 dB to 70 dB using a pair of speaker and listener as subject. From the results, the effect of background noise level on speech level
was examined, and the relationship between speech level and number of droplets was clarified. Although the speech level tended to increase with increase in the background noise level, in the background noise range of 55 dB to 70 dB, there was no significant difference in the number of droplets
with particle sizes larger than 100 μm. Furthermore, we evaluated the risk of virus exposure in droplet infection focusing on the indoor background noise level.
Implementation of non-equal-partition multi-channel convolver
Authors: Battisti Luca , Farina Angelo , Bevilacqua Antonella , Bevilacqua Antonella
Published: February 2023

Convolution has become a largely exploited signal operation thanks to his several applications in digital signal processing. In the realm of audio elaboration, convolution has the particular meaning of imposing a spectral and/or temporal structure onto a sound. These structures are
completely given by the signal with which the signal is being convolved, called Impulse Response (IR). These signals contain a sort of acoustical footprint that can be completely transferred to another sound, earning the same acoustic characteristics as a consequence. With a multichannel approach,
convolution assumes even a further meaning and a wider application field. Indeed, it's exploited to deal with modern spatial sound techniques such as Ambisonics which necessitate matrix elaborations of the involved signals. Ambisonics recordings, for example, are made by special coincident
multi-capsule microphone arrays, whose signals can be converted to standard Ambisonics format by a multi-channel convolver. A similar concept can apply to the mixing stage of audio production, where direction-based audio objects must be converted to the Ambisonics format to be reproduced in
the relative speaker setups. The aim of the work is to analyse an existing algorithm of a multichannel convolver software evaluating his efficiency. Moreover, the managing of the matrix of filters has showed weaknesses when assembling new matrices. Solution proposes a handy way to deal with
matrices and to improve the efficiency of the algorithm.
Energy transition related noise issues and its health consequences
Authors: Van Kamp Irene
Published: February 2023

Climate change leads to architectural adaptations in urban areas, heat islands and increased use of ventilation/cooling systems, expansion of windparks and behavioral changes. Most changes are part of the energy transition and affect noise exposure and related perceptions and health/wellbeing.
Against this background the influence of adaptive measures on noise exposure was explored by us since 2011 by means of literature reviews and , secondary analysis of existing survey data. A recent review of the Dutch Health Council confirmed and expanded the importance of earlier detected
noise issues related to energy transitions. Four noise issues came forward 1)Insulations and ventilation 2) increased use of electronic appliances 3)increased complexity of electronic appliances 4) cooling and heating systems. In our view, also the expansion of the windpark should be added
to this list . Noise characteristics of these sources have an equivalent-, and low frequent component in common. It is remarkable how little progress has been achieved in mapping the health consequences of these "new" sources, since 2011. This paper will give an overview of the evidence
and gaps based on recent literature reviews, and a survey on the acceptance of new energy saving measures in relation to annoyance and risk perception.
Appropriate usage of multi-layered OTPA to identify intensive measuring part among sequential parts
Authors: Yanagita Ryusei , Yoshida Junji
Published: February 2023

Conducting effective countermeasure to the vehicle interior noise is important for compatible with the other vehicle performances such as light weight. Operational transfer path analysis (OTPA) was proposed to identify high contributing parts (OTPA reference model) and vibration behaviors
(OTPA principal component model) to the interior noise with small man-hours. By using this method, we can determine which parts should be measured intensively. In case we apply the method to a vehicle body panel, the method tells us suitable measuring part of the body panel at the target frequency
band. However, if the body panel is excited by a forced vibration from the suspension, we had better to apply countermeasure to the suspension. Then in this study, we applied the OTPA several times to identify which sequential parts from frame, body to interior noise makes the large noise
using a simple plate model. In the analysis, both OTPA models (reference model and principal component model) were applied at various part and considered appropriate procedure of OTPA to obtain useful information for finding out the modification target part accurately. Through the verification
test, the effectiveness of the proposed procedure was confirmed.
Periodic flank modifications for optimal excitation behavior of practical gear geometries
Authors: Sepp Sebastian
Published: February 2023

The design of modern transmissions faces new challenges regarding the main design principles efficiency, service life and noise emissions. These challenges are further intensified by the progressing electrification of vehicle drive systems and the associated trend towards higher rotational
speeds. In order to achieve the design objectives at the level of flank modifications, the microgeometry has to satisfy partially competing requirements. Most present gears are designed with combinations of standard modifications to obtain the best possible compromise between the competing
goals. The application of periodic modifications provides a possibility to avoid particularly the trade-off between the two design principles load carrying capacity and excitation. The periodic modifications directly compensate the alternating part of the elastic deformations in the mesh without
changing the load distribution. They can be used to optimize the excitation behavior independently of the load carrying capacity. Theoretical studies show the potential of periodic modifications to optimize the excitation behavior for a special target load or even for broad load ranges. Experimental
investigations at two test rigs of the Gear Research Center (FZG) verify the effectiveness of these flank forms to optimize the excitation behavior for different practical gear main geometries.
Study of the comfort aircraft norm
Authors: Jibodh-jiaouan Sarah , Parizet Etienne , Osmond Guillaume
Published: February 2023

In long range aircraft, one reason of discomfort of the passengers are the vibrations and the noise induced by the rotation of the engine. This induces high-level single-frequency excitations (both for noise and vibration). The frequency (located between 25 and 55 Hz) and the amplitude
of these excitations vary depending on flight parameters. This study investigates the influence of the frequency and the level of vibration and noise stimuli to discomfort. The aim is to build a global discomfort model. Subjective experiments were carried out in the laboratory, on a test bench
allowing to control vibration and noise stimuli. Volunteers separately assessed the vibration, noise and global discomfort. Foot, seat, backrest and armrests accelerations were measured for each participant and each stimulus. As expected, noise or vibration discomfort depends on the excitation
level; but no influence of the frequency could be detected. Finally, it appears that specific vibration discomfort strongly influences global discomfort.
Aural Diversity: noise control and a sustainable future.
Authors: Hugill Andrew
Published: February 2023

The unquestioned assumption of a "normal" pair of standard healthy ears underpins most sound-related disciplines, from acoustics to engineering, from music to sound studies, from medicine to hearing science. Yet, the reality is that everybody hears differently. Our ears are
uniquely shaped. We all experience temporary changes in hearing, such as during a cold. Everybody goes through presbyacusis (age-related hearing loss) at varying rates after the teenage years. More specific aural divergences are the result of an array of hearing differences or impairments
which affect roughly one sixth of the world's population (Lancet, 2013). These include noise-related, genetic, ototoxic, traumatic, and disorder-based hearing loss, some of which may cause full or partial deafness. Moreover, "loss" is not the only form of difference: auditory perceptual
disorders such as tinnitus, hyperacusis and misophonia involve an increased sensitivity to sound. This paper presents findings from the AHRC-funded Aural Diversity Network, which explores the consequences of these differences for noise-related engineering and many other fields. How may we
ensure a sustainable future that acknowledges aural diversity?
Performance Evaluation of Selective Fixed-filter Active Noise Control based on Different Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Luo Zhengding , Shi Dongyuan , Gan Woon-Seng , Huang Qirui , Zhang Libin
Published: February 2023

Due to its rapid response time and a high degree of robustness, the selective fixed-filter active noise control (SFANC) method appears to be a viable candidate for widespread use in a variety of practical active noise control (ANC) systems. In comparison to conventional fixed-filter
ANC methods, SFANC can select from a variety of pre-trained control filters for different types of noise. Deep learning technologies, thus, can be used in SFANC methods to enable a more flexible selection of the most appropriate control filters in the presence of varying incoming noise. Furthermore,
deep neural network parameters can be learned automatically from noise data rather than through trial and error, significantly simplifying and improving the practicability of ANC design. Therefore, this paper compared the performance of SFANC using several different neural networks. Two-dimensional
and one-dimensional neural networks are used to classify noise types in the frequency and time domains, respectively. Additionally, we compare training from scratch versus fine-tuning training to determine which network training strategy is superior in SFANC methods.
Modeling and analysis for the deployment dynamic behavior of the large flexible solar array
Authors: Li Ning , Xiaolong Ma , Chongfeng Zhang , Huaiwu Zou , Jinglong Liu , Wenmiao Yang
Published: February 2023

The large flexible solar array for the satellite will deploy when it reaches the scheduled orbit by the space rocket, which is key for the normal running of the satellite. However, undesirable and unpredicted frequency vibration may be resulted from the flexibility of elements of the
solar array. In this paper, the dynamic model of the solar panel was firstly developed based on the modal synthesis method. Moreover, the stretchable mechanism in the solar array was introduced by applying Euler-Bounerlli beam theory. Also, guide ropes, hinges and electric cables were considered
in the proposed model. It was found the proposed model could achieve a higher accuracy of simulation compared to the traditional method with the coordinate method. Especially, the dependence of the guide rope tension on the deployment dynamic behavior of the solar array was explored by this
model. Results showed that vibrations of the solar array could be reduced by improving the guide rope tension, which could be used in design and operation of the solar array.
Assessment of annoyance and cognitive fatigue of open-plan office occupants subjected to noise from two different activities
Authors: Lenne Lucas , Parizet Etienne , Chevret Patrick
Published: February 2023

An open-plan office can be organised into zones, in which different activities can take place (focused individual work, collaborative work, phone communication...) The ISO 22955 (2021) standard recommends acoustic attenuation values between zones that varies according to the activity
of the emitting zone (which influences the noise emitted by the occupants of this zone) and that of the receiving one (in which the necessary concentration may vary). The objective of this study was to evaluate the relevance of these target attenuation values. 32 participants who had to carry
out a focused individual activity (writing a press review) were submitted to two types of noise environment (representing the noise emitted from a breakout area or that coming from a an area where people mainly have telephone conversations), at four signal-to-noise ratios (in relation to the
own noise of the reception area). The exposure time was approximately 35 min, and participants completed questionnaires on their perception of the noise environment, cognitive fatigue (MFI) and mental workload (ICA). The presentation will show the results of this experiment and the practical
consequences for the target values of the ISO 22955 standard, in the case of these two disturbing noises.
Method of high precision pointing control for spacecraft system based on the active-passive integrated orthogonal micro-vibration isolation platform
Authors: Chen Zhizhou , Feng Li , Xueping Hu , Xiaolong Ma , Longyu Ma , Junwei Shi
Published: February 2023

To acquire the high precision pointing control for spacecraft system under the disturbance of micro-vibration, and resolve conflicts between the vibration suppression and pointing control, a simultaneous-distributed control method was proposed in this paper. Based on this method and
the Stewart platform, an active-passive integrated orthogonal micro-vibration isolation platform with multiple dimensions was developed. Six line-actuators according to the configuration of Gough-Stewart parallel mechanism were selected to build the platform. Specially, the displacement of
the line-actuator was converted from the end deflection of two groups of active and passive integrated cantilever beams, which contained viscoelastic damping plate, aluminum material and macro fiber composite (MFC). It should be noted that the dynamic model of the platform system was strongly
coupled and it was decoupled by employing the orthogonal configuration. By employing the simultaneous-distributed control strategy, the integrated control algorithm of vibration isolation and pointing was deeply studied. Furthermore, the dynamic behavior and control effects for the 6 degree
of freedom (6-DOF) Stewart platform with different control strategies were compared and analyzed. Results showed the method had a good vibration isolation effect and reliable pointing accuracy, which could be applied for the spacecraft requiring high precision pointing.
Soundscape Research in Multicultural Market Areas- Example of Berlin Kreuzberg
Authors: Gök Tokgöz Özlem , Fiebig André
Published: February 2023

Market areas are places where sellers and buyers come together periodically. Throughout its history, market areas have always been places that allow rich cultural interaction. At those places usually, people from different cultural backgrounds and speaking different languages come together.
Due to this rich cultural and social potential promoting social relations, it has been the subject of many studies from different disciplinary points of view. However, no study deals in detail with the soundscape of those areas where the human voice is often the main sound source and leads
to unique acoustic environments. The study determines the role of market area soundscapes by means of user assessments and acoustic measurements. A field study was carried out in different market areas in Berlin Kreuzberg. This district is a culturally diverse and multilingual area and in
the street markets many products, mainly fruit and vegetable sales, are sold. In this study, comparative sound measurements and surveys were conducted. The field survey, which was held in Turkish, German, and English language, was applied to the group of sellers and buyers. The soundscape
of these areas including its perception was systematically investigated and the role of sound as a mediator between cultures explored.
Experimental investigation of a phase-cancelling slow-sound metamaterial with mean flow
Authors: Martin Richard , Schuermans Bruno , Noiray Nicolas
Published: February 2023

Acoustic metamaterials have a wide variety of potential applications in various engineering disciplines. In many cases, the acoustic medium can be assumed to be at rest. However, for a lot of engineering applications a moving fluid is used to transport energy or substances, or to perform
mechanical work. For those cases, acoustic waves are advected and acoustic energy can be dissipated or generated. These effects play a significant role for the design of acoustic metamaterials. In this work, an acoustic metamaterial with a low Mach number mean flow is presented. It is an array
consisting of an even number of channels. Half of them are equipped with a slow-sound metamaterial, whereas the other half has unaltered sound propagation characteristics. Thus, the resonance frequencies of the channels are shifted. This results in a phase shift in the acoustic velocity response
between both types of channels for a given pressure excitation, resulting in phase cancellation. However, this effect is weakened for higher mean flow velocities.
Large Eddy Simulation of compositional indirect noises generated in a non-isentropic nozzle
Authors: Gong Yu , Jones William , Marquis Fred
Published: February 2023

The present work describes the results of a numerical study of the noise generation by compositional perturbations in a non- isentropic nozzle. An in-house compressible LES code, Boundary Fitted Flow Integrator-LESc, is utilized to simulate the noise generation in the system. The compositional
inhomogeneities are generated by a cross-flow pulse injection. Different operating conditions are investigated, including different injection gases and air mass flow rates. The results revealed that the processes of direct and indirect noise generation are successfully reproduced in the LES,
with the noise magnitudes in good agreement with those in the measurements. Injection of gases with smaller (He) and larger (CO2) molar masses compared to air is found to generate negative and positive indirect noises, respectively, in the LES, which is consistent with the experimental findings.
The effect of different air mass flow rates is also investigated and discussed, and the direct noise and indirect noise amplitudes are both found to be closely related to the air mass flow rate. The indirect noise amplitude and upstream pressure are found to be closely related to the losses
in the system, which are higher in the simulation when the Mach number in the nozzle approaches unity and shocks may exist. Under these circumstances, the accuracy of the numerical method is uncertain and requires further investigation.
Full Multiphysics Electro-Vibroacoustic Analysis of a Balanced Armature Transducer
Authors: Herring Jensen Mads
Published: February 2023

A balanced armature transducer, also known as a receiver in some industries, is a high-performance miniature loudspeaker that is often used in hearing aids but also in other in-ear audio products like earbuds. The electrical and vibroacoustic performance of a balanced armature transducer
is analyzed using a full multiphysics analysis. The model includes acoustics and associated thermoviscous losses, structural components such as diaphragm and armature (made of magnetic steel), and as the electromagnetic components including permanent magnet and coil. The vibrating armature
enters a magnetic circuit with alternating magnetic flux, generated by an AC coil, which has a strong interaction with the DC magnetic field of a magnet. The electromagnetic forces are included through volumetric and surface contributions of the Maxwell stress. The analysis is performed in
a commercial finite element analysis software and predicts the linear response modeled in the frequency domain and nonlinear effects modeled in the time domain. The latter include nonlinear thin-film damping and nonlinear magnetic force contributions captured using a moving mesh.
Application of sound absorption measurements according to EN 1793-5 on gabion walls
Authors: Schwanen Wout , van Vliet Willem Jan
Published: February 2023

The standard EN 1793-5 describes a method to determine the sound reflection index of road traffic noise reducing devices under direct sound field conditions in-situ. The method is commonly used to assess the intrinsic characteristics of conventional, absorptive noise barriers and yields
results with a limited measurement uncertainty. Recently, the sound reflection index of a gabion wall was determined by means of the in-situ measurement method leading to unexpected results. An in-depth analysis was made of the results of the in-situ measurements on a conventional noise barrier
and on a gabion wall. The main conclusion of this comparison is that application of the in-situ method on a gabion wall has a much higher measurement uncertainty than to be expected.
Acoustical properties of alternative sleepers: experimental testing
Authors: Schwanen Wout , Yntema Nils
Published: February 2023

ProRail, the Dutch infrastructure manager , started a project to test alternative, sustainable, sleepers. A test setup was achieved along the line from Zwolle to Heino in the Netherlands, where six test sections were constructed. Two reference sections with standard concrete sleepers
and four sections with alternative sleepers. During one day we performed simultaneous sound pass-by measurements at the six test sections. In addition, we measured the rail roughness and the track decay rate of each test section. The results clearly show that an alternative sleeper influences
the track decay rate of the track. This difference in track decay rate leads to different pass-by sound levels. This paper shows the results of the experiments
The Effects of User Experience on the Questionnaire to Detection of the Soundscape of Historical Areas - Example of Eskisehir Factories Region
Authors: Gök Tokgöz Özlem
Published: February 2023

Soundscape studies carried out in historical areas need extensive research and analysis in the processes from the past to the present. It is determined by taking into account many variables such as historical process, the character of area, events and people. In this study, it is aimed
to investigate the past experiences of the people carried out in historical areas affect the evaluation of the present data. Eskisehir was chosen as the study area. Eskisehir is an Anatolian city in the Central Anatolia region, on the trade routes and at the intersection of railway transportation.
Due to its proximity to railway transportation, many factories established. Nowadays it is under protection as an industrial heritage. In the study, a questionnaire was conducted to evaluate the soundscape of the region with people living in the region for a long time, and people newly settled
in Eskisehir. In the survey, the sounds in the region, the pleasantness of the people and the adjective pairs to describe the acoustic environment were asked. As a result of the study, the importance of the user's experience was investigated and evaluated for the survey studies carried out
in the evaluation of the soundscape of historical areas.
An update to the WHO 2018 Environmental Noise Guidelines exposure response relationships for annoyance from road and railway noise
Authors: Fenech Benjamin , Rodgers Georgia , Clark Sierra
Published: February 2023

The systematic review on environmental noise and annoyance commissioned by the World Health Organization (WHO) to inform its 2018 Environmental Noise Guidelines proposed new aggregate exposure response relationships (ERRs) for transportation noise, based on studies published between
2000 and 2014. A subsequent scoping review commissioned by the UK's Interdepartmental Group on Costs and Benefits Noise Subject Group identified 12 new studies for road and nine new studies for rail, published between 2014 and 2019, and recommended that an update to the WHO ERRs may be warranted.
This paper presents updated aggregated ERRs for the percentage of people highly annoyed (%HA) from road and railway traffic noise incorporating data from a subset of the recent studies that met certain eligibility criteria. In light of the ongoing debate on the temporal stability of community
annoyance (observed or modelled), we also discuss some of the important considerations that need to be taken into account when deciding if and how often a reference exposure-response relationship is updated for policy and practice.