bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conversion of sulfides to sulfoxides and thiols to disulfides with o-xylylenebis(triphenylphosphonium tribromide)
Authors: Tajbakhsh Mahmoud , Lakouraj Moslem-Mansour , Yadollahzadeh Khadijeh , Shakeri Ali Reza , Khalilzadeh Mohammad Ali
Published: December 2009

o-Xylylenebis(triphenylphosphonium tribromide) (1) is an efficient reagent for the conversion of thiols to disulfides and sulfides to sulfoxides under neutral and anhydrous conditions in good to excellent yields. Selective oxidation of thiols in the presence of sulfides at room temperature is also observed with this reagent.
Asymmetric epoxidation of N-enoylsultams with urea-hydrogen peroxide/trifluoroacetic anhydride
Authors: Zhang Shu Jia , Chan Wing Hong , Lee Albert W. M. , Wong Wai Yeung , Rogatchov Viktor O. , Metz Peter
Published: December 2009

Diastereomeric isomers of epoxides 15–28 are obtained in high yield and moderate to high optical purity when N-enoylsultams 1–14 incorporating a variety of chiral sultams as the chiral induction elements are treated with urea-hydrogen peroxide/trifluoroacetic anhydride.
Interaction between substituted chloramines and liquid ammonia using the indirect Raschig process
Authors: Stephan Juliette , Berthet Jacques , Goutelle Véronique , Pasquet Véronique , Delalu Henri
Published: December 2009

In this paper, different hydrazines are synthesised by the indirect Raschig process. This consists of introducing a substituted chloramine (R1R2NCl) into liquid ammonia under pressure to obtain the corresponding hydrazine (R1R2NNH2). The experimental results, in disagreement with those reported in the literature, lead us to propose a new mechanistic scheme involving a chlorine transfer reaction. Thus, the formation of chloramine (NH2Cl) and the amine (R1R2NH) occurs first. Chloramine reacts immediately with the substituted amine, in agreement with the direct Raschig process, to produce the hydrazine. Under these conditions, the nature of the hydrazine is kinetically controlled by the excess amine. It is then possible to synthesise different hydrazines from the same substituted chloramine. This mechanism is validated by the following syntheses: unsymmetric dimethylhydrazine (UDMH), N-aminopiperidine (NAPP) and N-amino 3-azabicyclo[3.3.0]octane (NAZA).
Synthesis and crystal structure of quinuclidin-3-yl 2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetate
Authors: Liu He , Han Xiang-yu , Wu Bo , Zhong Bo-hua , Liu Ke-liang
Published: December 2009

Quinuclidin-3-yl 2-cyclopentyl-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetate, a more effective the muscarinic receptor antagonist, was synthesised and its crystal structure was first elucidated by X-ray crystallography.
A Facile Reduction of Azoxyarenes with Hydrazine Hydrate/Magnesium: Formation of Different Products under Different Reaction Conditions
Authors: Nanjundaswamy Hemmaragala M. , Pasha Mohamed A.
Published: December 2009

Azoxyarenes on treatment with hydrazine hydrate in presence of magnesium turnings in methanol undergo reduction. The reactions have been carried under microwave irradiation as well as at reflux to give the corresponding hydrazoarenes and azoarenes as reduced products. The reactions are very fast and give excellent yields of the products. Substituents like OCH3, OC2H5 and Cl are unaffected.
Synthesis of Unsaturated Amidines by Three Component Reaction of Alkylisocyanides, Dialkyl Acetylenedicarboxylates, and Aromatic Amides
Authors: Anary-Abbasinejad Mohammad , Mosslemin Mohammad H. , Tahan Sakineh , Anaraki-Ardakani Hossain
Published: December 2009

The reactive intermediate generated by the reaction of alkyl isocyanides and dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates was trapped by aromatic amides to produce unsaturated amidine derivatives in good yield.
A New Ring Bromination Method for Aromatic Compounds under Solvent-Free Conditions with Nbs/Al2O3
Authors: Imanzadeh Gholamhassan K. , Zamanloo Mohammad R. , Eskandari Habibollah , Shayesteh Keyvan
Published: December 2009

Alumina supported N-bromosuccinimide was found to be an efficient reagent for ring bromination of a number of aromatic compounds under solvent-free conditions. In the absence of the alumina the reactions are slow and some of the substrates are recovered unchanged. Under the reaction conditions aromatic oximes are converted into the corresponding carbonyl compounds. The method is simple, safe and rapid.
Multistep Microwave Assisted Solvent Free Green Chemical Synthesis of 2,7-Dihydro-3H-Pyridazino[3′,4′:4,5]Indolo[3,2-c]Quinoline-3,13(12H)-Dione
Authors: Dandia Anshu , Arya Kapil , Dhaka Nidhi
Published: December 2009

A novel class of biologically active compound 2,7-dihydro-3 H-pyridazino[3′,4′:4,5]indolo[3,2- c]quinoline-3,13(12 H)-dione (10a–b)has been achieved efficiently and quickly under solvent free conditions in an open vessel microwave system. The multi step one pot synthesis involved the reaction of 8,9,10,11-tetrahydro-6 H-indolo[3,2- c]quinoline-6,7(5 H)-dione (6a–d) and glyoxylic acid monohydrate followed by cyclocondensation with hydrazine hydrate under microwave irradiation. The synthesis of 8,9,10,11-tetrahydro-6 H-indolo[3,2- c]quinoline-6,7(5 H)-dione(6a–d) has also been described from the reaction of (2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinolin-4-yl)hydrazine with 1,3-cyclohexanedione in the absence of any solvent/catalyst/strong acid or solid support using microwaves.
Microwave Assisted Synthesis of 4-Aryl/Alkylaminocoumarins
Authors: Chavan Abhijit P.
Published: December 2009

4–Aryl and 4–alkylaminocoumarins were prepared by reaction of 4–hydroxycoumarin with amines under microwave irradiation in solvent-free conditions in good to excellent yields.
First Total Synthesis of Two 5-Deoxyflavone Derivatives from Albizia Odoratissima
Authors: Jin-Ming Gao , Lu Jia-Wen , An-Ling Zhang , Cheng Yong-Xian , Watchueng Jean , Konishi Yasuo
Published: December 2009

The first total synthesis of two unusual 5-deoxyflavone derivatives from Albizia odoratissima, 7,8-dimethoxy-3′,4′-methylenedioxyflavone 1 and 7,2′,4′-trimethoxy- flavone 2, has been accomplished.
Efficient and Selective Oxidation of Benzylic Alcohols to Carbonyl Compounds Using O2 Catalysed by [nBu4N]4W10O32/SiO2 Under Photoirradiation
Authors: Farhadi Saeid , Afshari Mozhgan
Published: December 2009

Oxidation of a series of various primary and secondary benzylic alcohols with O2 over [nBu4N]4W10O32/SiO2 as a recyclable and green photocatalyst in CH3CN resulted in the corresponding aldehydes and ketones selectively in high yields.
Synthesis of (22R,23R)-2α,3α,22,23-Diepoxy-5α-Hydroxy-Stigmastan-6-One from Stigmasterol
Authors: Bernardo Yamilé , Alonso Esther , Coll Francisco , Pérez Carlos , Agüero Georgina
Published: December 2009

A new (22R,23R)-2α,3α,22,23-diepoxy-5α-hydroxy-stigmastan-6-one diepisecasterone analogue have been synthesised from stigmasterol.
Efficient Acetylation and Formylation of Alcohols in the Presence of Zr(Hso4)4
Authors: Shirini Farhad , Zolfigol M. A. , Safari A.
Published: December 2009

Acetylation and formylation of alcohols with acetic and formic acids have been carried out in the presence of catalytic amounts of Zr(HSO4)4 under mild and heterogeneous conditions.
Synthesis and Stereochemical Structures of Novel Spiro[Benzocycloheptene-6(5H), 3′-[3H]Pyrazol]-5-Ones
Authors: Girgis Adel S.
Published: December 2009

Reaction of a variety of 6-arylmethylene-6,7,8,9-tetrahydro-5 H-benzocycloheptene-5-ones 1a–f with nitrilimines (generated in situ by triethylamine dehydrohalogenation of the corresponding hydrazonoyl chlorides 2) in refluxing benzene, afforded the corresponding spiro[benzocycloheptene-6(5 H),3′-[3 H]pyrazol]-5-ones 3a–h and not the isomeric forms spiro[benzocycloheptene-6(5 H),4′-[4 H]pyrazol]-5-ones 4 in a highly regioselective manner. The stereochemical configuration of the isolated products was established to be 3′ R, 4′ S based on single crystal X-ray diffraction of 3a.
Regioselective Synthesis and Stereochemical Structure of 1,2,8,9,13-Pentaazadispiro[4.1.4.3]Tetradeca-2,9-Dien-6-Ones
Authors: Girgis Adel S.
Published: December 2009

A facile regioselective synthetic approach towards 1,3,4,8,10,11-hexaaryl-13-methyl-1,2,8,9,13-pentaazadispiro [4.1.4.3]tetradeca-2,9-dien-6-ones 3a–g was achieved through the reaction of 3,5-bis(arylmethylene)-1-methyl-4-piperidinones 1a–f with nitrilimines (generated in situ by triethylamine dehydrohalogenation of the corresponding hydrazonoyl chlorides 2a,b). The stereochemical configuration of the isolated products was established to be 4 S, 5 R, 7 R, 11 S based on a single crystal X-ray diffraction study of 3b.
Synthesis of Substituted Isoxazolones and Isoxazoles from Cyanoenaminones
Authors: Mahalanabis Kumar K. , Chowdhury S.K. Dutta , Sarkar Mili , Misra Manisha
Published: December 2009

α-Cyano-β-enaminones, obtained by regioselective acylation of β-aminocrotononitrile, are smoothly and regiospecifically converted into substituted 5-isoxazolones, which on alkaline hydrolysis afford 4-acyl-3-substituted-5-hydroxyisoxazoles in good to excellent yields.
A Facile Solid-Phase Synthesis of Vinyl Ethers Using a Selenium Traceless Linker
Authors: Liu Xiao-Ling , Sheng Shou-Ri , Wang Qiu-Ying , Sun Wu-Kang , Xin Qin , Ao Hong-Yu
Published: December 2009

A simple, efficient and environmentally friendly procedure for the solid-phase synthesis of vinyl ethers in good yields and purities by reaction of polystyrene-supported 2-hydroxyalkyl selenide with primary or secondary organic halides and subsequent oxidation–elimination with a traceless linker strategy is described.
Production and Characterisation of Multifilament Yarns Made from Polypropylene Containing Small Amounts of Oxidised Polypropylene
Authors: Rahbar Ruhollah Semnani , Shoushtary S. Ahmad Mousavi , Abdouss Majid , Khosroushahy Ali
Published: December 2009

In the present work, oxidation of fibre grade polypropylene granules in the melt phase using oxygen gas has been performed. Then, virgin polypropylene granules were mixed with up to 10% by weight of oxidised granules and multifilament yarns from the blends were spun by a pilot-plant melt spinning machine. The characterisation of as-spun yarns was performed by FTIR and DSC analysis. Also the density, shrinkage and mechanical properties of the samples were evaluated. The results show that the as-spun blend fibre containing 10% by weight of oxidised polypropylene has the lowest crystallinity, density and melting temperature while it shows the highest shrinkage and mechanical property faults.
A Fast and Simple Method for the Acylation of Alcohols with Acid Chlorides Promoted by Metallic Samarium
Authors: Jia Xue-Shun , Wang Hai-Long , Huang Qing , Kong Ling-Long , Zhang Wei-He
Published: December 2009

Acylation of primary, secondary, allyl and benzyl alcohols with acid chlorides promoted by samarium metal under neutral condition gave carboxylic acid esters in good to excellent yields. Acylation of a tertiary alcohol did not occur under the same reaction conditions.
One Pot Synthesis of 1-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-Phenylpropane-1,3-Diones by Modified Baker–Venkataraman Transformation using Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Lamba M.S. , Kumar Suresh , Makrandi J.K.
Published: December 2009

Reaction of 2-hydroxyacetophenones with aromatic acid anhydrides in the presence of anhydrous barium hydroxide in dimethyl sulfoxide using microwave irradiation gives 1-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3-phenylpropane-1,3-diones directly in a single pot reaction in high yields.
Synthesis and Structures of (S)- and (r)-2-[3-Cyano-4-(2-Thienyl)-5,6,7, 8-Tetrahydroquinolin-2-Ylsulfanyl]-3-Methyl-N-Phenylbutyramide
Authors: Yao Zhiyi , Du Xiaojie , Liu Hong , Jiang Hualiang , Chen Kaixian
Published: December 2009

( S)- and ( R)-2-[3-cyano-4-(2-thienyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinolin-2-ylsulfanyl]- N-phenyl-3-methylbutyramide (1a and 1b) were prepared from 2-thiophenaldehyde and D- and L-valines, respectively, and their crystal structures were elucidated by X-ray crystallography.
Palladium-Catalysed Arylation of Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Bound Acrylate with Aryl Iodides in Water: A Liquid-Phase Synthesis of Trans-Cinnamic Acids
Authors: Sheng Shou-Ri , Luo Qiu-Yan , Huang Pei-Gang , Guo Lei , Wang Qiu-Ying , Pei Xue-Liang
Published: December 2009

An efficient liquid-phase synthesis of trans-cinnamic acids with good yields and high purities on soluble polymer support has been developed by treatment of poly(ethylene glycol) bound acrylate with aryl iodides in the presence of catalytic amounts of palladium acetate and tetra- n-butylammonium bromide in water using potassium carbonate as a base, and subsequent cleavage from the PEG.
Piperazine-Bridged Homodinuclear Transition Metal Complexes
Authors: Siddiqi K.S. , Nami Shahab A.A. , Chebude Yonas , Marzotto A.
Published: December 2009

Piperazine-bridged transition metal complexes of the type [M(etdtc)]2ppzdtc and [M1(etdtc)2]2ppzdtc [where M = Mn(II), Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II), M1 = Cr(III), Fe(III), etdtc = (S2NC5H10) and ppzdtc = [S2C(NCH2CH2)2CS2] have been synthesised and characterised by elemental analyses, magnetic susceptibility measurements, TGA/DSC, IR and electronic spectroscopy and conductivity measurements. The presence of only one (C–S) stretching frequency at around 1000 cm−1 supports symmetrical bonding of the dithiocarbamato-moiety. The low molar conductance value of the complexes in DMSO at 25 °C indicates their non-electrolytic behaviour. Thermogravimetric analysis showed only two-step, simple pyrolysis. The decomposition is generally exothermic, leading to the formation of metal sulfide as the final product. The complexes of divalent metal ions appear to be tetrahedral, excepting Cu(II) and Ni(II) which are square-planar, while those of trivalent metal ions are octahedral, which is also corroborated from their electronic spectra and magnetic moment data.
Syntheses and Crystal Structures of CuIi and AgI Coordination Complexes Based on the Hydrolysis of N-Salicylidene-2-Aminopyridine
Authors: Zhang Guoqi , Yang Guoqiang , Ma Jin Shi
Published: December 2009

A mononuclear salicylaldehydato copper(II) complex and an infinite 2-aminopyridyl silver(I) coordination polymer have been synthesised by the self-assembly reaction based on the metal-induced hydrolysis of N-salicylidene-2-aminopyridine. The latter chain-like polymer is novel and unavailable under usual reaction conditions. Additionally, an interesting 2D polymeric network is formed from the weak intermolecular interactions.
Some Unusual Reactions of Meldrum's Acid. Synthesis of Cinnamic Acids, Coumarins and 2-Benzyl-1-Indanone
Authors: Mahulikar P. P. , Mane R. B.
Published: December 2009

The use of Meldrum's acid (1) in the synthesis of the substituted cinnamic acid 3 and malonic acid 4, the coumarins 8 and 9, and of 2-benzyl-1-indanone (13), is reported. The structure of benzylidene benzalmalonate is corrected to 14.
Modification of Crystal Violet – Sulfite Ion Equilibrium Induced by Sds Micelles
Authors: Fernández E. , García-Río L. , Leis J.R. , Mejuto J.C. , Pérez-Lorenzo M.
Published: December 2009

The presence of sodium dodecylsulfate micelles was found to displace the equilibrium between crystal violet and sulfite ion in the direction of the former and lead to complete recovery of the dye. The underlying mechanism for this anomalous behaviour was elucidated and the rate of the reversal process determined.
Poly{[4-(Hydroxy)(Tosyloxy)Iodo]Styrene}-Promoted Direct α-Hydroxylation of Ketones to α-Hydroxyketones
Authors: Wan Dong-Bei , Chen Jiang-Min
Published: December 2009

Poly{[4-(hydroxy)(tosyloxy)iodo]styrene} was efficient in the α-hydroxylation reaction of ketones to afford α-hydroxyketones in dimethyl sulfoxide-water. The polymer reagent could be regenerated and reused.
An Efficient Synthesis of α,β-Unsaturated Thiol Esters
Authors: Wang Xiaoxia , Zou Xuefei , Du Jingxing
Published: December 2009

α,β-Unsaturated thiol esters were synthesised conveniently from samarium thiolates and α,β-unsaturated N-acylbenzotriazoles under mild conditions with good to excellent yields.
Stereoselective Synthesis of (Z)-α-Arylsulfenylvinyl Tellurides Via Hydrozirconation of Alkynyltellurides
Authors: Cai Mingzhong , Chen Junmin
Published: December 2009

Hydrozirconation of alkynyltellurides 1 in THF at room temperature gave ( Z)-α- tellurenylvinylzirconium complexes 2, which were reacted with arylsulfenyl chlorides 3 to afford stereoselectively ( Z)-α-arylsulfenylvinyl tellurides 4 in good yields.
Mo(Vi)-Catalysis of Perborate Oxidation of Aryl Sulfides in Acetic Acid
Authors: Karunakaran Chockalingam , Venkataramanan Ramasamy
Published: December 2009

Molybdenum(VI) catalyses effectively the sodium perborate oxidation of aryl sulfides to sulfoxides in glacial acetic acid. The catalysed oxidations of diphenyl sulfide and S-phenylmercaptoacetic acids are zero order with respect to the oxidant and first order with respect to the sulfides and Mo(VI). Trichloroacetic acid enhances the oxidation. Glacial acetic acid is a suitable solvent; methanol or ethylene glycol suppresses the reaction. The kinetic results reveal dioxoperoxomolybdenum(VI) as the reactive oxidant.
Prediction of Internal Pressure of Binary Liquid Mixtures Using Flory's Statistical Theory
Authors: Ali Anwar , Tariq Mohd
Published: December 2009

Internal pressures of a number of binary liquid mixtures of varying natures of component liquids have been predicted using Flory's statistical theory. The predicted values have been compared with the experimentally calculated ones. Good approximation has been observed.
Microwave Assisted Benzoin Condensation using Thiamine as Catalyst
Authors: Bag Seema , Vaze Vidula V. , Degani Mariam S.
Published: December 2009

α-Hydroxyketones were prepared in appreciable yields at a very high speed, (by the benzoin condensation) under microwave irradiation using a catalytic amount of thiamine hydrochloride, from various aromatic as well as heteroaromatic aldehydes. They can be used as intermediates in NCE synthesis.
Nmr Spectral Studies of Dimedone–Aldehyde Adducts. Part 3. A Re-Investigation of the Reaction with Cinnamaldehyde,1H and 13C NMR Studies of the Products
Authors: Cremlyn Richard J. , Osborne Alan G. , Watton David
Published: December 2009

The reaction between some substituted cinnamaldehydes with dimedone and cyclohexane-1,3-dione under neutral, acidic and basic conditions have been investigated. The structures of the adducts obtained have been studied by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy.
Selective Reduction of Aromatic Nitro Groups in the Presence of Amide Functionality
Authors: Deka Dibakar Chandra , Kakati Hari Sankar
Published: December 2009

Pressure mediated selective reduction of aromatic nitro groups in the presence of amide functionality has been achieved by use of hydrazine hydrate.
Solvent-Free L-Proline Catalysed Condensation of Ethyl Cyanoacetate with Aldehydes
Authors: Oskooie Hossein A. , Roomizadeh Elham , Heravi Majid M.
Published: December 2009

Solvent-free Knoevenagel condensation of ethyl cyanoacetate with aromatic aldehydes, catalysed by environmentally friendly silica gel supported L-proline under microwave irradiation is studied.
Curing Kinetics of a Bisphenol-F Epoxy Resin and Succinic Anhydride System
Authors: Ma Zhi-Guang , Gao Jun-Gang
Published: December 2009

The kinetics of the cure reaction for the system of bisphenol-F epoxy resin (BPFER) with succinic anhydride (SA) as a curing agent was investigated with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Autocatalytic behaviour was shown in the first stages of the cure for this system, which was well described by the model proposed by Kamal that includes two rate constants, k1 and k2, and two reaction orders, m and n. The overall reaction order, m + n, is in the range 2.1–2.6, and the activation energies for k1 and k2 are 89.1 and 68.8 kJ mol−1, respectively. In the later stages, a crosslinked network is formed and the cure reaction is mainly controlled by diffusion. A diffusion factor, f(α), was introduced into Kamal's equation and the calculated values agree very well with the experimental data. Cure was accelerated by a tertiary amine.
One-Pot Synthesis of α–Amino Phosphonates in Chloroaluminate-Based Ionic Liquid
Authors: Sun Peipei , Yang Xin , Hu Zhixin
Published: December 2009

In chloroaluminate-based ionic liquid [bmim]Cl–AlCl3, N=0.67, the one-pot coupling reaction of carbonyl compounds, amines and diethyl phosphite gave the corresponding α–amino phosphonates in good to excellent yields. The method is appropriate to both primary and secondary amines. The effect of the ionic liquids with different compositions is also investigated.
Chemistry of 2-Arylhydrazonals: Utility of Substituted 2-Arylhydrazono-3-Oxoalkanals as Precursors for 3-Oxoalkanonitriles, 3-Aminoisoxazole and 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-Triazoles
Authors: El-Dusouqui Osman M.E. , Abdelkhalik Mervat M. , Al-Awadi Nouria A. , Dib Hicham H. , George Boby J. , Elnagdi Mohammed H.
Published: December 2009

Efficient routes to 2-arylhydrazono-3-oxoalkanonitriles, 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazoles, and 3-aminoisoxazole utilising the oximes of the title hydrazones are reported. The behaviour of the oximes on pyrolysis in the gas phase and by flash vacuum is analysed. X-ray crystallography were used to confirm the structure of the triazole 10b and the 3-oxoalkanonitrile 12f.
Cu–Mg (24: 76) Alloy: An Efficient Catalyst for Friedel–Crafts Acylation of Arenes
Authors: Manjula Krishnappa , Jayashankara Vaderapura P. , Pasha Mohamed A.
Published: December 2009

Friedel–Crafts acylation of different arenes was carried out in the presence of Cu–Mg (24:76) alloy under microwave irradiation and solvent-free conditions. Different substrates undergo acylation predominantly at the para-position. An efficient, simple, selective Friedel–Crafts acylation reaction affords good yields of the products and the catalyst could be easily recovered and recycled.
Microwave-assisted synthesis of substituted 1,2,4-triazoles
Authors: Wu Dong-Qing , He Jian- Li , Wang Jun-Ke , Wang Xi-Cun , Zong Ying-Xiao
Published: December 2009

An efficient synthesis of substituted 1,2,4-triazoles has been extended, utilising a wide range of N-substituted amides and hydrazides
Synthesis of unsaturated amidine derivatives by three component reaction of alkyl isocyanides, dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates and pyrrole or indole
Authors: Anary-Abbasinejad Mohammad , Mosslemin Mohammad H. , Anaraki-Ardakani Hossain , Tahan Sakineh
Published: December 2009

The reactive intermediate generated by the reaction of alkyl isocyanides and dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates was trapped by pyrrole or indole to produce unsaturated amidine derivatives in good yields.
Investigation on solid-state polymerisation reaction mechanism of Nylon-6
Authors: Abedi Ali , Bahrami Seyed Hajir
Published: December 2009

Solid-state polymerisation (SSP) is a convenient method of producing high molecular weight polymers at relatively low temperatures. In this work the SSP of nylon-6 was examined in a fixed-bed reactor. The solid-state polymerisation reaction kinetics of Nylon-6 was investigated in connection with the relative viscosity (RV) of the initial starting materials. The changes in the molecular weight and other properties were monitored as a function of the reaction times at solid-state temperatures of 130–200 °C. Starting materials with higher initial molecular weights exhibited higher rates of SSP than those with lower initial values. Activation energies decreased at temperatures above 170 °C, and this indicated a change in the SSP reaction mechanism. At temperatures of 170–200 °C similar activation energies were required for the polymerisation of all samples.
Synthesis, X-ray crystallographic analysis and antitumor activity of 3,6-bis(substituted phenyl)-1,4-bis(substitutedphenylsulfonyl)-1,4-dihydro-1,2,4,5-tetrazine
Authors: Hu Wei-Xiao , Lv Lu-Ping , Xu Feng , Shi Hai-Bo
Published: December 2009

Seven compounds (3a–g) of 3,6-bis(substitutedphenyl)-1,4-bis(substitutedphenylsulfonyl)-1,4-dihydro-1,2,4,5-tetrazine were synthesised via reaction of N-arylsulfonyl-α-chloro-substituted phenyl hydrazone and triethyl amine. Their structures were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, MS, elemental analysis, and 3b was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. It was proved they are 1,4-dihydro- s-tetrazine derivatives. The central six-membered ring of 3b has an obvious boat conformation. Their antitumor activities were evaluated in vitro by the SRB method for A-549 cell and the MTT method for P-388 cell. The results show that none of the compounds has good activities, but the substituents have a clear effect on their antitumor activity.
Synthesis of fused heteropolycyclic systems containing an indole moiety
Authors: Saad Hosam A. , Moustafa Ahmed H.
Published: December 2009

New fused heterocyclic systems containing the indole moiety with 1,3,4–thiadiazolo-, 1,3,4-thiadiazino-, 1,2,4-triazino-, pyridazino-, pyrimido-, imidazo-, 1,3-thiazolo- and pyrazolo-fusion have been synthesised starting from reactions of isatin-3-thiohydrazone, 1-( N-phenylbenzimidoyl)isatin and isatin-3-cyanoacetic acid hydrazone with α,β-bifunctional oxygen, halogen and nitrogen reagents.
A simple and environmentally friendly method for the synthesis of N-phenylanthranilic acid derivatives
Authors: Girisha Hanakere R. , Srinivasa Gejjalagere R. , Gowda D. Channe
Published: December 2009

A simple, efficient and environmentally friendly method for the synthesis of N-phenylanthranilic acid derivatives by the copper acetate catalysed reaction of o-halobenzoic acid with anilines using sodium acetate as base and water as media is described.
Synthesis of functionalised acetophenone
Authors: Sun Li , Pei Wen , Shen Chen
Published: December 2009

Nickel catalysed Heck arylation of the electron-rich olefin n-butyl vinyl ether with a wide variety of aryl bromides has been accomplished in the ionic liquid [bmim][BF4], affording an efficient green chemistry synthetic procedure for preparing functionalised acetophenone. The reaction gave a high regioselectivity and high yield without the need for the costely or toxic halide scavengers, leading predominantly to a branch-arylated α-product.
Clean synthesis of ethyl α-cyanocinnamates catalysed by hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide in aqueous media
Authors: Jin Tong-Shou , Wang Xin , Liu Li-Bin , Li Tong-Shuang
Published: December 2009

An efficient and convenient approach to the synthesis of ethyl α-cyanocinnamates in water using hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (HTMAB) as the phase-transfer catalyst (10 mol %) is described. This method provides several advantages such as neutral conditions, high yields and simple work-up procedure.
Self-complementary azolophanes
Authors: Rajakumar Perumal , Senthilmurugan Annamalai , Srinivasan Kannupal
Published: December 2009

By incorporating a m-terphenyl spacer, azolophanes containing imidazole, benzimidazole or benzotriazole and 2, 5-dimethoxy-1,4-xylyl subunits were synthesised by N-alkylation followed by quarternisation. The electrochemical parameters obtained for the azolophanes indicated that the redox processes are quasireversible.
KF/Al2O3 catalysed synthesis of thiol esters from N-acylphthalimides and thiols
Authors: Movassagh Barahman , Zakinezhad Yousef
Published: December 2009

A new method for the preparation of thiol esters from N-acylphthalimides and thiols in the presence of KF/Al2O3 is introduced.
2-Ethylcarboxylate-6-Iminopyridyl Iron and Cobalt Complexes: Synthesis, Characterisation and their Ethylene Oligomerisation
Authors: Wang Haiping , Zhang Shufen , Yang Jinzong , Deng Yuan , Lu Xiaoming
Published: December 2009

Four 2-carboxylate-6-iminopyridines, prepared by the reaction of 2-ethylcarboxylate-6-actylpyridine with substituted anilines, reacted with FeCl2 or CoCl2 to form the title complexes. Both the ligands and complexes were characterised by elemental analysis and IR spectroscopy, and the molecular structures of Co-3 and Co-4 were determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. Activated with methylaluminoxane (MAO), these complexes showed good catalytic activity for ethylene oligomerisation with high selectivity of producing linear α-olefins.
The Reactions of Tris(Trimethylsilyl)Methyl Lithium with Some Epoxides
Authors: Safa Kazem D. , Rafigh Omid , Nasirtabrizi Mohammad H.
Published: December 2009

Tris(trimethylsilyl)methane, [(Me3Si)3CH] (1),could be metallated by use of methyllithium in tetrahydrofuran.Tris(trimethylsilyl)methyl lithium (TsiLi)(2) reacts with ethylene oxide and poly (GMA- co-EHMA) with the formation of a carbon–carbon bond. This method of preparing functionalised silanes is limited by the readiness with which TsiLi abstracts a proton, if one is available, rather than attack at carbon. In addition in the reaction with epoxides, the product alkoxide can transfer a silyl group from carbon to oxygen (5,6), however this was shown not to occur under the conditions of interest here. [TSiCH2CH2OH] (7) was halogenated (8,9) and estrificated (10-I), (I = 1–8) successively to the esteric and alkyl halide compounds.
An efficient conversion of β-diketones into β-keto enol ethers with P2O5/SiO2 under solvent-free conditions
Authors: Cui Zhen-Shui , Zhang Zhan-Hui , Liu Shu-Fen
Published: December 2009

P2O5/SiO2 was found to be an efficient reagent for converting cyclic-β-diketones into their corresponding β-keto enol ethers at room temperature under solvent-free conditions.
The pinacol coupling of aromatic aldehydes in ethyl acetate mediated by TiCl4–Al
Authors: Wang Shu-Xiang , Wang Ke , Liu Guo-Biao , Cui Jin , Li Ji-Tai
Published: December 2009

Titanium tetrachloride in ethyl acetate can be reduced by Al powder to the corresponding low valent titanium complexes, which can mediate the conversion of some aromatic aldehydes into the corresponding pinacols in 23–93 % yields within 25–120 min under stirring at r.t. When N,N,N’, N‘-tetramethylethylene diamine (TMEDA) is added, the diastereoselectivities of the reactions are improved.
A Comment on the solid state oxidation of phenols to quinones by peroxydisulfate
Authors: Behrman E.J.
Published: December 2009

Some discrepancies are noted in the report of Hashemi et al., J. Chem. Res., 2005, 160.
An Efficient Two-Step Synthesis of 3-Amino-1-Benzhydrylazetidine
Authors: Li Bryan , Witt Michael F. , Brandt Thomas A. , Whritenour David
Published: December 2009

A streamlined process for the synthesis of 3-amino-1-benzhydrylazetidine is described. Commercially available 1-benzhydrylazetidin-3-ol was reacted with methanesulfonyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine in acetonitrile, upon quench with water, the mesylate intermediate (3) was isolated by filtration. The wet filter cake was subsequently treated with ammonium hydroxide/isopropanol in a Parr reactor at ∼70°C. The procedure afforded the titled compound as mono acetate salt in 72–84% yield.
A Catalyst- and Solvent-Free Suzuki Coupling Reaction of Sodium Tetraphenylborate with Hypervalent Iodanes
Authors: Yan Jie
Published: December 2009

The catalyst- and solvent-free Suzuki coupling reaction of sodium tetraphenylborate with hypervalent iodanes was achieved under microwave irradiation in the absence of base. A rapid and convenient method for the formation of carbon–carbon bonds resulted in good yields.
Ring a Aromatic Steroids in the Pregnane Series
Authors: Uyanik Cavit , Malay Aslihan , Hanson James R. , Hitchcock Peter B. , Tiryakioglu Serpil
Published: December 2009

4-Methylpregna-1,3,5(10)-trien-20-one and 4-methylpregna-1,3,5(10),16-tetraen-20-one have been obtained by a dienol: benzene type of rearrangement of 5α,6α-epoxypregnanes possessing a further double bond equivalent on ring A. The crystal structure of 4-methyl-19-norpregna-1,3,5(10)-trien-20-one is reported.
A Novel One Pot Synthesis of Benzyl Sulfides: Samarium-Induced, Benzyl Bromide Mediated Reduction of Alkyl Thiocyanates and Diaryl Disulfides in Methanol
Authors: Zhan Zhuang-Ping , Lang Kai
Published: December 2009

A convenient synthesis of benzyl sulfides by the treatment of alkyl thiocyanates or diaryl disulfides with metallic samarium and benzyl bromide in methanol has been developed.
Synthesis and Characterisation of some tin(IV) and Methyltin(IV) Complexes with Oximes and Related Schiff's Base Ligands
Authors: Agrawal Sangeeta , Sharma Vinita , Bohra R.
Published: December 2009

A variety of heteroleptic complexes of the type [Sn(acac)2Cl2- n(L) n] [where L = {O(CH2)3N=C(Me)Ar} and {ON=C(R)Ar}; R = Me, H; Ar = 2–C5H4N, 2–C4H3O or 2–C4H3S; n = 1 or 2] have been synthesised in quantitative yields by the metathetical reaction of cis-[Sn(acac)2Cl2] with the sodium salt of the ligands in anhydrous methanol–benzene mixture. Corresponding bis(acetylacetonato)methyloximatotin(IV) complexes have also been prepared by a similar reaction of cis-[Sn(acac)2IMe] with the potassium salt of the oximes. Absence of any significant shift in the hetero-aryl ring carbon/proton resonances of all the derivatives of internally functionalised ligands indicates non-participation of the hetero-atom of the ring on coordination to the tin atom. Spectroscopic data suggest retention of the cis-octahedral configuation for all these derivatives. Hydrolysis of [Sn(acac)2{ON=C(Me)C4H3O}Cl], followed by sintering at 650°C yielded pure SnO2 microcrystals, which were characterised by XRD and SEM analyses.
A Novel Facile One-Pot Synthesis of 3,1-Benzoxazine Derivatives
Authors: Ma Shuling , Li Jiarong , Sun Yongjiang , Zhou Zhiming , Zhao Xiaofan
Published: December 2009

The synthesis of 3,1-benzoxazine derivatives by the cyclocondensation of substituted o-aminobenzonitrile with aromatic aldehyde in the presence of anhydrous zinc chloride under classical heating and microwave irradiation is described. This is a novel efficient synthetic route of 3,1-benzoxazine cyclic compounds.
Two New Ent-kaurane Diterpenoids from Isodon Macrophyllus
Authors: Zhang Ji Xia , Chen Zheng Yue , Wang Yong Xue , Qiu Pei Yong , Huang Sheng Xiong , Sun Han Dong
Published: December 2009

Two new ent-kaurane diterpenoids, dayecrystals A (1) and B (2), together with six known relatives, were isolated from the leaves of Isodon macrophyllus. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic means.
Synthesis of 5,7-Diarylpyrido[2,3-d]Pyrimidine Derivatives catalysed by Kf-Alumina
Authors: Wang Xiang-Shan , Zeng Zhao-Sen , Shi Da-Qing , Tu Shu-Jiang , Wei Xian-Yong , Zong Zhi-Min
Published: December 2009

A series of 5,7-diarylpyrido[2,3- d]pyrimidine derivatives were synthesised by the reaction of 1,3-diaryl-2-propen-1-ones with 6-aminouracil in ethanol at 80°C catalysed by KF-Al2O3. The structure of one of the products was confirmed by X-ray analysis.
Benzodiazepine Analogues. Part 22.1 Conformational Analysis of Benzodioxepine and Benzoxathiepine Derivatives
Authors: English Robin B. , Gelebe Aifheli C. , Kaye Perry T. , Sewry Joyce D.
Published: December 2009

1H NMR spectroscopy, single crystal X-ray analysis and computer modelling have been used to explore the conformational preferences in five series of 1,5-benzodioxepine and 1,5- and 4,1-benzoxathiepine derivatives.
A Facile Method for the Synthesis of Diacyl Disulfides
Authors: Jia Xue-Shun , Liu Xiao-Tao , Li Qing , Huang Qing , Kong Ling-Long
Published: December 2009

A facile method for the synthesis of diacyl disulfides is reported. Sulfur is reduced with samarium diiodide at room temperature to give samarium disulfides, which react with acyl chlorides in the presence of HMPA to afford the corresponding diacyl disulfides in high yields.
A Mild and Convenient Reduction of Nitro Compounds with NaBH4/SbF3 System in Wet CH3CN
Authors: Zeynizadeh Behzad , Ghasemi Hamed
Published: December 2009

NaBH4 in the presence of catalytic amounts of SbF3 reduces a range of nitro compounds to their corresponding amines in high to excellent yields. Reduction reactions were carried out in wet CH3CN within 2–30 minutes at room temperature.
Synthesis and Characterisation of Palladium(II) Complexes with 1,2-bis(N-methylbenzimidazolyl)Benzene
Authors: Bheemanna Hunasekatte Giriyappa , Gayathri Virupaiah , Gowda Nadur Muddanna Nanje
Published: December 2009

Palladium(II) salts react with a bidentate N-heterocycle 1,2-bis(N-methylbenzimidazolyl)benzene (N–N) to yield complexes of the composition PdX2(N–N) (X = Cl, Br or ClO4). A cationic complex, [Pd(cod)(cotl)]ClO4 (cod = 1,5–cyclooctadiene, cotl = cyclooctenyl, C8H13–) undergoes substitution of cod with N–N to produce [Pd(cotl)(N–N)]ClO4. Dihalobridged binuclear complexes [PdX(cotl)]2 (X = Cl or Br) react with N–N to give complexes of the types [Pd2Cl2(cotl)(N-N)]Cl and [{PdBr(cotl)}2(N–N)].
Reactions of Propargylic Alcohols with Nitric Oxide
Authors: Shen Ying-Lin , Wu Wen-Tao , Liu Qiang , Wu Guai-Li , Wu Long-Min
Published: December 2009

Propargylic alcohols are selectively oxidised by nitric oxide and trace oxygen to the corresponding carbonyl compounds (ynones) at ambient temperature in acetonitrile.
Bis(chlorine)-1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]Octane: A Novel and Reusable Oxidising Agent for Conversion of Alcohols into Their Carbonyl Compounds under Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Tajbakhsh Mahmood , Habibzadeh Setareh
Published: December 2009

Bis(chlorine)-1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane was easily prepared by treatment of chlorine gas with 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2]octane at room temperature. It is stable and can be used as an efficient oxidant for aliphatic and aromatic alcohols under microwave irradiation. In the oxidation reactions it is almost quantitatively converted into 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane which can be chlorinated and reused several times.
Nonsymmetrical Five-Ring Achiral Banana-Shaped Liquid Crystals Comprising Salicylaldimine Mesogenic Segment
Authors: Yelamaggad Channabasaveshwar V. , Shashikala Indudhara Swamy , Nair Geetha G. , Rao Doddamane S. Shankar , Prasad Subbarao Krishna
Published: December 2009

A homologous series of optically inactive banana-shaped liquid crystals, synthesised by covalently linking two chemically different as well as thermally stable rod-like cores to the central 1,3-phenylene ring, display either a rectangular columnar phase or an electrically switchable smectic fluid phase having antiferroelectric ground state that was evidenced by optical, calorimetric, electrical switching and X-ray diffraction studies.
Synthesis of Ethynyl End-Capped Oligo-Aryl Ethers
Authors: Xu Jinfeng , Lai Guo-Qiao , Wang Cheng-Yun , Shen Yong-Jia
Published: December 2009

A series of aryl ether oligomers end-capped with ethynyl groups have been synthesised via a three-step process, i.e. iodination of oligo-aryl ethers, nucleophilic substitution of the iodide group with 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol catalysed by Pd/Cu and subsequent deacetonation in KOH/toluene. Effects of reaction temperature and the Pd/Cu catalyst on iodination and the substitution reaction are discussed.
Indium Triflate as a Recyclable Catalyst for the Nitration of Aromatic Compounds without a Halogenated Solvent
Authors: Yin Wan-Po , Shi Min
Published: December 2009

Indium triflate [In(OTf)3] was found to be excellent catalyst (0.5 or 2.0 mol%) for the mononitration of aromatic compounds using a single equivalent of nitric acid (60 or 90%, 1.0 equiv.) without using a halogenated solvent. The side product is water and the indium triflate catalyst can be readily recovered from the aqueous phase and reused.
Constrained Geometry Nitrogen-Functionalised Diphenylcyclopentadienyl Chromium (III) Complex: Synthesis, Structure and Catalytic Properties for Ethylene Polymerisation
Authors: Xu Jiansheng , Mu Xiaoyue , Zhang Yuetao , Su Qing , Ni Jianguo , Mu Ying
Published: December 2009

A bidentate ligand 1-[2-( N,N-dimethylaminophenyl)]-3, 4-biphenylcyclopentadiene 1, as well as its corresponding constrained geometry chromium complex dichloro-η5-[1-(2- N,N-dimethylaminophenyl)-3,4-diphenylcyclopentadienyl] chromium (III) 2 have been synthesised and characterised. When activated with Al( iBu)3 and Ph3C[B(C6F5)4], complex 2 exhibits reasonable catalytic activity for ethylene polymerisation, producing polyethylenes with moderate molecular weights and melting points. The effects of polymerisation temperature, ethylene pressure, B/Cr and Al/Cr ratios on catalytic activity were studied.
Efficient Biomimetic Decarboxylation of Diphenylacetic Acid by [Mn(TPP)X]n-Bu4NIO4 Catalytic Systems: Effect of Anionic Axial Ligands (X-)
Authors: Karimipour Gholam Reza , Montazerozohoori Morteza , Karami Bahador
Published: December 2009

Highly efficient decarboxylation of diphenylacetic acid has been performed by tetrabutylammonium periodate in the presence of different [Mn(TPP)X] complexes (X- = anionic axial ligand) in CH2Cl2. In these catalytic systems, diphenylacetic acid was selectively (>97%) converted to benzophenone. The reactivity of manganese porphyrins are markedly influenced by the nature of anionic axial ligands and the efficiency of the catalysts decreases in the order: CN- > OCN- > N3- > SCN- > F- > OAc- ∼ Cl- ∼ Br- ∼ I-∼ ClO4-. Marked improvement in reactivities and selectivities has resulted from addition of imidazole and its derivatives to the reaction mixture. π-Bonding interaction in Mn–X moiety and the possibility of distal hydrogen bonding between imidazole and X- is presented to describe the enhanced catalytic activities observed for Mn(TPP)X (X- = SCN-, N3-, OCN-, CN-). A simple catalytic cycle is also proposed to show the role of X- in the possible intermediates.
A Novel Cu(II)-Catalysed Sonogashira Reaction
Authors: You Erli , Wang Lei
Published: December 2009

In the presence of triphenylphosphine, a novel Cu(II)-catalysed Sonogashira reaction of aryl iodides and bromides with terminal alkynes has been developed, which generates the corresponding cross-coupling products in good yields.
Samarium/NBS System Mediated Dimerisation of Imines: A Convenient Route to Vicinal Diamines
Authors: Shan Wei-Guang , Chen Jian , Zhong Wei-Hui , Su Weike
Published: December 2009

A convenient, efficient and stereoselective synthesis of vicinal diamines in satisfactory yields by dimerisation of imines mediated by a Sm/NBS system has been performed.
Medium-sized Cyclophanes. Part 72. Synthesis and Structures of 9-Methoxy(1,4)Naphthaleno[3.3]Metacyclophane-2,11-Diones
Authors: Yamato Takehiko , Okabe Ryo , Miyamoto Shinpei , Miyazaki Minoru
Published: December 2009

Syn- and anti-9-Methoxy(1,4)naphthaleno[3.3]MCP-2,11-diones (4) are obtained by the coupling reaction of 2,6-bis[2-cyano-2-(toluenesulfony)ethyl]anisoles (2) and 1,4-bis(bromomethyl)naphthalene (3) in dimethylformamide (DMF) with an excess of sodium hydride.
Synthesis of phenyl 2-acryloyloxybornane-10-sulfonate diastereomers
Authors: Duggan Andrew R. , Kaye Perry T. , Caira Mino R.
Published: December 2009

Several routes to phenyl 2- exo- and 2- endo-acryloyloxybornane-10-sulfonate have been investigated. Preparation of the former product is complicated by concomitant formation of 10-isobornylsultone, while addition of HCl is observed when the alcohol precursors are treated with acryloyl chloride in the presence of Al2O3. An X-ray crystal structure has been determined for one of the chlorinated derivatives.
An improved synthesis of reduced 9-arylacridine-1,8-diones from 3-amino-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-enone, arylaldehydes and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds in aqueous medium
Authors: Wang Xiang-Shan , Zhang Mei-Mei , Shi Da-Qing , Tu Shu-Jiang , Wei Xian-Yong , Zong Zhi-Min
Published: December 2009

An improved and green synthesis of 9-arylacridine-1,8-dione derivatives was accomplished by the reaction of 3-amino-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-enone, arylaldehydes and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds in aqueous medium. Novel unsymmetrical 9-arylacridine-1,8-diones differently substituted at the 3 and 6 positions were obtained by this procedure.
Synthesis of some trisubstituted thiazolidin-4-ones
Authors: Heravi Majid M. , Nami Navabeh , Neumüller Bernhard , Oskooie Hossien A. , Hekmatshoar Rahim
Published: December 2009

The addition of dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (DMAD) to thiocarbohydrazide and aldehyde dithiocarbohydrazones afforded new substituted thiazolidines.
A facile synthesis of N-formylbenzamides by oxidative decarboxylation of N-aroylglycine induced by Ag+/S2O82-
Authors: Huang Wenhua , Zhang Li'e
Published: December 2009

A facile method is described for the synthesis of N-formylbenzamides by oxidative decarboxylation of N-aroylglycine using catalytic silver(I) and 2 equivalents of ammonium persulfate as an oxidant in a biphasic system (CHCl3/water).
A facile transformation of 2-aminochromone to 4-chlorocoumarin and its reaction with ethylenediamine
Authors: Ghosh Tarun , Sur Kumar Ranabir , Bandyopadhyay Chandrakanta
Published: December 2009

2-Aminochromones 1a–c and 8a–c are converted into 4-chlorocoumarins 2a–c and 9a–c. On treatment with ethylenediamine, 2a–c produce 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-7-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)-1,4-diazepin-5-one 3a,b and 4-(2-aminoethyl) aminocoumarin 4b,c in ethanol; while in DMF 9a–c give the bis[4-(2-formamidoethyl)aminocoumarins 10a–c.
Ring D 16,17-heteroannelated estranes
Authors: Morais Goreti Ribeiro , Watanabe Masataka , Imai Masao , Yoshioka Naho , Matsumoto Tomohiro , Mataka Shuntaro , Thiemann Thies
Published: December 2009

The synthesis of estranes bearing an additional heterocyclic ring attached to C-16 and C-17 is reviewed. Potential applications and biological activities of the compounds are described.
New functionalised C,C-bipyrazoles. Synthesis and cation binding properties
Authors: Attayibat Ahmed , Radi Smaail , Lekchiri Yahya , Ramdani Abdelkrim , Hacht Brahim , Morcellet Michel , Bacquet Maryse , Willai Stéphanie
Published: December 2009

The synthesis of two new C,C-bipyrazoles ligands with a side-arm bearing a functionalised donor-group is reported. The complexation properties of these compounds towards bivalent metal ions (Hg2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, Zn2+) and alkaline metal ions (Li+, Na+, K+) was studied by a liquid–liquid extraction process and the extracted cation percentage was determined by atomic absorption measurements.
Synthesis and bioactivities of novel neonicotinoids dioxolane compounds
Authors: Tian Zhongzhen , Li Zhong , Huang Qingchun , Xu Xiaoyong , Yu Tao , Wu Yingli , Qian Xuhong
Published: December 2009

As candidates for the screening of neonicotinoid insecticides, nine novel compounds were designed and synthesised via Mannich reaction of (1,3-dioxolane-4-yl)methyl-2-(nitromethylene) imidazoline with corresponding primary amines and formaldehyde. Preliminary bioassays indicated that most of these compounds had moderate insecticidal activities against pea aphids.
Dibromoborane-dimethyl sulfide: A new, mild, chemoselective reagent for the rapid deoxygenation of sulfoxides to sulfides†
Authors: Roy Chandra D. , Brown Herbert C.
Published: December 2009

Dibromoborane-dimethyl sulfide chemoselectively deoxygenates aliphatic and aromatic sulfoxides to the corresponding sulfides in excellent chemical yields in CH2Cl2 solvent in 15 minutes at both 0°C and room temperature, in the presence of reducible functional groups, such as alkene, ketone, ester, lactone, nitrile, amide, azide, sulfone, and N-oxide.
A facile synthesis of unsymmetrical biaryls via coupling reaction of aryl halides with sodium tetraphenylborate catalysed by MCM-41-supported thioether palladium(0) complex
Authors: Li Jianying , Huang Yixiang , Cai Mingzhong
Published: December 2009

Various functionalised unsymmetrical biaryls can be synthesised in high to excellent isolated yields via coupling reaction of aryl iodides or bromides with NaBPh4 catalysed by MCM-41-supported thioether palladium(0) complex. This palladium complex can be easily recovered and reused many times without loss of activity.
Synthesis of annularly functionalised BINOL-based chiral cyclophanes
Authors: Srisailas Muthialu , Rajakumar Perumal
Published: December 2009

Chiral cyclophanes with annular functionality were synthesised by coupling carbonyl dibromides with ( S)-BINOL. Semi-empirical calculations by MOPAC (PM3) were also performed on the cyclophanes prepared to view their cavity sizes.
Regioselective synthesis of new pyrimidine derivatives using organolithium reagents
Authors: Abdou Ibrahim M.
Published: December 2009

2,4-Dichloro-6-phenylpyrimidine (3) and 2-chloro-4-(1′,3′-dithian-2′-yl)pyrimidine (7) were prepared using organolithium reagents. Nucleophilic attack on pyrimidines 1, 3 and 9 using N-methylpiperazine was shown to be highly regioselective, favouring the formation of C-4 substituted products. Reaction of 7 with N,N-dimethylethylenediamine afforded 8 exclusively.