bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simple Approach for Spreading Dynamics of Polymeric Fluids
Authors: Härth Michael , Schubert Dirk W.
Published: March 2012

The spreading of an axisymmetric drop on partially and completely wetted substrates is investigated from the theoretical and experimental point of view. In particular, novel physical models considering the capillary force, the gravitational force, and a viscous friction force simultaneously are derived. The models enable the analytical mathematical description of the drop radius as a function of the spreading time, which is useful for practical applications. Moreover, the construction of a master curve for the partial wetting scenario is proposed. The theoretical models are experimentally verified, using different polymer films as substrates and polydimethylsiloxanes of different viscosities as liquids. The comparison shows that theory and experiment are consistent.
Rapid and Tunable Reductive Degradation of Disulfide‐Labeled Polyesters
Authors: Pinnel Patrick , Mendez‐Nelson Andrew , Noh Seung Man , Nam Joon Hyun , Oh Jung Kwon
Published: March 2012

A new approach for rapid and tunable degradation of reductively degradable polyesters (ssPESs) with multiple disulfides on the polymer backbones is reported. The approach centers on the control of the amount of disulfides in the synthesis of ssPESs by polycondensation of a disulfide‐containing diacid with various single and mixed diols having different molecular weights and disulfides. The disulfide concentration in ssPESs is tuned by incorporation of diols labeled with disulfides or diols with different MWs. The degradation rate is enhanced with increasing ssPES molecular weight. With ssPESs bearing disulfides positioned repeatedly along the backbone, the rapid and controlled degradation is compared with the slow degradation of polyesters with only a single disulfide in the center.
Relative isoperimetric inequalities for minimal submanifolds outside a convex set
Authors: Seo Keomkyo
Published: March 2012

Let C be a closed convex set in a complete simply connected Riemannian manifold M with sectional curvature bounded above by a positive constant K. Assume that Σ is a compact minimal surface outside C such that Σ is orthogonal to ∂C along ∂Σ∩∂C and ∂Σ ∼ ∂C is radially connected from a point p ∈ ∂Σ∩∂C. We introduce a modified volume Mp(Σ) of Σ and obtain a sharp isoperimetric inequality

where equality holds if and only if Σ is a geodesic half disk with constant Gaussian curvature K. We also prove higher dimensional isoperimetric inequalities for minimal submanifolds outside a closed convex set in a Riemannian manifold using the modified volume.
Improved motion correction capabilities for fast spin echo T1 FLAIR propeller using non‐Cartesian external calibration data driven parallel imaging
Authors: Holmes James H. , Beatty Philip J. , Rowley Howard A. , Li Zhiqiang , Gaddipati Ajeetkumar , Zhao Xiaoli , Busse Reed F. , Brittain Jean H.
Published: March 2012

Patient motion is a common challenge in the clinical setting and fast spin echo longitudinal relaxation time fluid attenuating inversion recovery imaging method with motion correction would be highly desirable. The motion correction provided by transverse relaxation time‐ and diffusion‐weighted periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines with enhanced reconstruction methods has seen significant clinical adoption. However, periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines with enhanced reconstruction with fast spin echo longitudinal relaxation time fluid attenuating inversion recovery‐weighting has proved challenging since motion correction requires wide blades that are difficult to acquire while also maintaining short echo train lengths that are optimal for longitudinal relaxation time fluid attenuating inversion recovery‐weighting. Parallel imaging provides an opportunity to increase the effective blade width for a given echo train lengths. Coil‐by‐coil data‐driven autocalibrated parallel imaging methods provide greater robustness in the event of motion compared to techniques relying on accurate coil sensitivity maps. However, conventional internally calibrated data‐driven parallel imaging methods limit the effective acceleration possible for each blade. We present a method to share a single calibration dataset over all imaging blades on a slice by slice basis using the APPEAR non‐Cartesian parallel imaging method providing an effective blade width increase of 2.45×, enabling robust motion correction. Results comparing the proposed technique to conventional Cartesian and periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines with enhanced reconstruction methods demonstrate a significant improvement during subject motion and maintaining high image quality when no motion is present in normal and clinical volunteers. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Accelerated contrast‐enhanced whole‐heart coronary MRI using low‐dimensional‐structure self‐learning and thresholding
Authors: Akçakaya Mehmet , Basha Tamer A. , Chan Raymond H. , Rayatzadeh Hussein , Kissinger Kraig V. , Goddu Beth , Goepfert Lois A. , Manning Warren J. , Nezafat Reza
Published: March 2012

We sought to evaluate the efficacy of prospective random undersampling and low‐dimensional‐structure self‐learning and thresholding reconstruction for highly accelerated contrast‐enhanced whole‐heart coronary MRI. A prospective random undersampling scheme was implemented using phase ordering to minimize artifacts due to gradient switching and was compared to a randomly undersampled acquisition with no profile ordering. This profile‐ordering technique was then used to acquire contrast‐enhanced whole‐heart coronary MRI in 10 healthy subjects with 4‐fold acceleration. Reconstructed images and the acquired zero‐filled images were compared for depicted vessel length, vessel sharpness, and subjective image quality on a scale of 1 (poor) to 4 (excellent). In a pilot study, contrast‐enhanced whole‐heart coronary MRI was also acquired in four patients with suspected coronary artery disease with 3‐fold acceleration. The undersampled images were reconstructed using low‐dimensional‐structure self‐learning and thresholding, which showed significant improvement over the zero‐filled images in both objective and subjective measures, with an overall score of 3.6 ± 0.5. Reconstructed images in patients were all diagnostic. Low‐dimensional‐structure self‐learning and thresholding reconstruction allows contrast‐enhanced whole‐heart coronary MRI with acceleration as high as 4‐fold using clinically available five‐channel phased‐array coil. Magn Reson Med, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of Polymer‐like Hydrogenated Amorphous Carbon by fs‐pulsed Laser Induced Plasma Processing of Solid Hexane
Authors: Wesolowski Michal J. , Moores Brad , Leonenko Zoya , Karimi Reza , Sanderson Joseph H. , Duley Walter W.
Published: March 2012

A new technique, that involves the plasma processing of frozen hydrocarbons by a pulsed laser generated graphitic plasma, is presented. Polymer‐like hydrogenated amorphous carbon (a‐C:H) thin films were created by allowing the plasma generated during the fs‐pulsed laser ablation of a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite target in high vacuum, to impact on solid layers of n‐hexane (CH3(CH2)4CH3) at 77 K. This technique results in the formation of thin films whose morphology and properties are shown to depend on the plasma processing time tp. Polymer‐like a‐C:H with residual hexane incorporated into the carbon matrix and exhibiting a unique dendritic surface morphology was formed after short processing times. Following longer processing times, these dendritic structures are destroyed resulting in thin films having similar spectral properties to those of conventional a‐C:H. The composition of the plasma was studied using time of flight mass spectrometer (TOF‐MS) and the surface morphology of the synthesized thin films was examined by atomic force microscopy (AFM). A variety of analytic techniques including photoluminescence (PS), UV–Vis absorption, surface enhanced Raman (SERS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy have been used to characterize the structure and composition of these materials.

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Discovery and characterization of Coturnix chinensis avian β‐defensin 10, with broad antibacterial activity
Authors: Ma Deying , Lin Lijuan , Zhang Kexin , Han Zongxi , Shao Yuhao , Wang Ruiqin , Liu Shengwang
Published: March 2012

A novel avian β‐defensin (AvBD), AvBD10, was discovered in the liver and bone marrow tissues from Chinese painted quail (Coturnix chinensis) in the present study. The complete nucleotide sequence of quail AvBD10 contains a 207‐bp open reading frame that encodes 68 amino acids. The quail AvBD10 was expressed widely in all the tissues from quails except the tongue, crop, breast muscle, and thymus and was highly expressed in the bone marrow. In contrast to the expression pattern of AvBD10 in tissues from quail, the chicken AvBD10 was expressed in all 21 tissues from the layer hens investigated, with a high level of expression in the kidney, lung, liver, bone marrow, and Harderian glands. Recombinant glutathione S‐transferase (GST)‐tagged AvBD10s of both quail and chicken were produced and purified by expression of the two cDNAs in Escherichia coli, respectively. In addition, peptide according to the respective AvBD10s sequence was synthesized, named synthetic AvBD10s. As expected, both recombinant GST‐tagged AvBD10s and synthetic AvBD10s of quail and chicken exhibited similar bactericidal properties against most bacteria, including Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative forms. However, no significant bactericidal activity was found for quail recombinant GST‐tagged AvBD10 against Salmonella choleraesuis or for chicken recombinant GST‐tagged AvBD10 against Proteus mirabilis. Copyright © 2012 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analgesic and Uterine Relaxant Effects of Isoliquiritigenin, a Flavone from Glycyrrhiza glabra
Authors: Shi Yulu , Wu Debin , Sun Zhen , Yang Jing , Chai Hongyan , Tang Li , Guo Yue
Published: March 2012

Shaoyao‐gancao‐tang, a Chinese medicinal formula consisting of peony and licorice has been used for the treatment of dysmenorrhea for thousands of years. The purpose of the present study was to demonstrate the analgesic and uterine relaxant effects of isoliquiritigenin (ISL), a flavonoid isolated from the roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra (a type of licorice). In vitro, isoliquiritigenin caused concentration‐dependent inhibition of spontaneous contraction of isolated rat uterus and the contraction induced by various types of stimulants, such as acetylcholine (Ach, 10 µm), KCl (40 mm) and oxytocin (1 mU/mL). The uterine contractile response to cumulative concentrations of CaCl2 was blocked by 0.1 and 1 mm of isoliquiritigenin. The isoliquiritigenin‐induced relaxation was partly inhibited by the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor Nω‐nitro‐l‐arginine methylester (l‐NAME, 100 µm) and the COX‐1/COX‐2 inhibitor indomethacin (10 µm). In vivo, isoliquiritigenin could cause a significant reduction in the acetic acid‐induced writhing response and hot‐plate test at the high dose. These results indicate that isoliquiritigenin, a flavonoid isolated from the roots of Glycyrrhiza glabra, not only has a spasmolytic effect on uterine contraction, which is in relation to Ca2+ channels, NOS and COX, but also an effective activity in reducing pain. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Skeletal Growth and IGF Levels in Rats after HT042 Treatment
Authors: Kim Mi‐Yeon , Kim Ji Young , Lim Dongwook , Lee Donghun , Kim Yoonjung , Chang Gyu Tae , Choi Ho‐Young , Kim Hocheol
Published: March 2012

HT042, a new herbal prescription consisting of Astragalus membranaceus, Phlomis umbrosa and Eleutherococcus senticosus, is used in traditional Korean medicine to stimulate growth in children. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of HT042 on skeletal growth, insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) and insulin‐like growth factor binding protein‐3 (IGFBP‐3) levels, and oestrogenic activity in female rats. Female Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into control, recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH; 20 µg/kg/day), and HT042 (100 mg/kg/day) groups and treated for 3 weeks. Axial skeletal growth, femur length, and growth plate length were measured every 3 weeks. The serum IGF‐1 and IGFBP‐3 levels were analysed. Moreover, the oestrogenic activity of the herbal extracts in the immature and ovariectomized rats was tested. The nose–anus, nose–tail, femur and growth‐plate lengths were increased significantly in the HT042 group. Both IGF‐1 and IGFBP‐3 were highly expressed in the hypertrophic zone of the growth plate. The serum IGF‐1 levels were increased. Moreover, HT042 had no uterotrophic effects in the rats. Consequently, HT042 promoted longitudinal bone growth by stimulating cell proliferation in the epiphyseal plate and inducing the expression of IGF‐1 without an oestrogenic response. HT042 may be helpful in stimulating growth in children with short stature. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
DNA‐Wrapped Carbon Nanotubes as Sensitive Electrochemical Labels in Controlled‐Assembly‐Mediated Signal Transduction for the Detection of Sequence‐Specific DNA
Authors: Nie Huagui , Yang Zhi , Huang Shaoming , Wu Zhan , Wang Hongqi , Yu Ruqin , Jiang Jianhui
Published: March 2012

A novel electrochemical strategy that uses DNA‐wrapped carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as electrochemical labels is developed for sensitive and selective detection of sequence‐specific DNA. The presence of target DNA mediates the formation of a sandwiched complex between the DNA‐wrapped CNT and a hairpin DNA capture probe immobilized on magnetic beads. This allows target‐selective collection of the CNT labels by magnetic separation and transfer on the electrode surface modified with an insulating self‐assembled monolayer (SAM). After treatment with N,N‐dimethylformamide, the collected sandwiched complex releases the bare CNTs and facilitates the removal of magnetic beads from the electrode surface. The bare CNTs can then assemble on the SAM‐modified electrode surface and mediate efficient electron transfer between the electrode and the electroactive species in the solution with a strong current signal generated. The results indicate that the developed strategy shows a sensitive response to target DNA with a desirable signal gain and a low detection limit of 0.9 pM. This strategy is also demonstrated to provide excellent differentiation of single‐base mismatch in target DNA. It is expected that this electrochemical strategy may hold great potential as a novel platform for clinical diagnostics and genetic analysis.
What Is Most Important to Know About Vocabulary?
Authors: Kucan Linda
Published: March 2012

This article makes use of Perfetti's Lexical Quality Hypothesis as a perspective for thinking about vocabulary instruction in terms of semantics (meaning), phonology (pronunciation), orthography (spelling), morphology (meaningful word parts), and syntax (how words function in sentences). Examples are presented of how these aspects of vocabulary instruction can be addressed in lessons related to reading, decoding, spelling, and grammar.
Cultivating admiration in brands: Warmth, competence, and landing in the “golden quadrant”
Authors: Aaker Jennifer L. , Garbinsky Emily N. , Vohs Kathleen D.
Published: March 2012

Although a substantial amount of research has examined the constructs of warmth and competence, far less has examined how these constructs develop and what benefits may accrue when warmth and competence are cultivated. Yet there are positive consequences, both emotional and behavioral, that are likely to occur when brands hold perceptions of both. In this paper, we shed light on when and how warmth and competence are jointly promoted in brands, and why these reputations matter.
Is It Time to Rethink the Typical Course of Low Back Pain?
Authors: Donelson Ronald , McIntosh Greg , Hall Hamilton
Published: March 2012

Objective

To determine the frequency and the characteristics of low back pain (LBP) recurrences. The research questions were as follows: (1) Are LBP recurrences common? (2) Do episodes worsen with multiple recurrences? (3) Does pain change location in any recognizable pattern during an episode?

Design

Single‐page self‐administered questionnaire.

Setting

Thirty clinical practices (primary care, physical therapy, chiropractic, and surgical spine) in North America and Europe.

Patients

A convenience sample of 589 respondents with LBP. There were no exclusions based on type of LBP, history of onset, or comorbidities.

Methods

The survey was distributed during patients' assessment or initial treatment at their respective clinics. The survey queried the following: (1) the severity of original versus most recent episodes based on the following: pain intensity, interference with leisure and work activities, duration of episodes, and most distal extent of pain; and (2) changes in pain location within episodes.

Results

In response to research question 1, a previous episode was reported by 73%; of those, 66.1% reported their first episode lasted ≤3 months, 54% reported ≥10 episodes, and 19.4% reported >50 episodes. In response to research question 2, of those with recurrences, 61.1% reported that at least one of the survey domains was worse in recent episodes (P < .01) and only 36.9% reported that they were better; 20.5% were worse in all domains, whereas 8.6% were better or the same. In response to research question 3, the pain location changed during the episode in 75.6%; of these, 63.2% reported that their pain first spread distally before retreating proximally during recovery; there was a strong trend toward those reporting worsening episodes also reporting proximal‐to‐distal‐to‐proximal changes in pain location during their episodes (r = 0.132, P < .06).

Conclusion

Recurrent LBP episodes were common and numerous. Recurrences often worsened over time. It seems inappropriate to characterize the typical course of LBP as benign and favorable.
How to Catalogue a Library
Authors: Wheatley Henry Benjamin
Published: March 2012

Henry Benjamin Wheatley (1838–1917) was a prolific writer on bibliography, literature and the arts. As founder of the Index Society, and editor of The Bibliographer, he was also involved in the foundation of the Library Association. In that context he wrote several works on library topics. How to Catalogue a Library (1889) was aimed at smaller library collections, as existing systems, such as the manuals of the British Museum library or the Library of Congress, were too elaborate for smaller collections. Wheatley begins by defining the differences between catalogues, indexes and bibliographies, and then compares the existing rules. He discusses the physical form of catalogues and lists the minimum requirements for the catalogue of a small library. He also discusses cataloguing manuscripts and cross-referencing, and provides a useful index of Latin place names. The book contains much on the theory of organisation of information still of relevance today.
The Works of Thomas Carlyle
Authors: Carlyle Thomas , Cromwell Oliver
Published: March 2012

Thomas Carlyle (1795–1881) was one of the most influential authors of the nineteenth century. Eagerly studied at the highest level of intellectual society, his satirical essays and perceptive historical biographies caused him to be regarded for much of the Victorian period as a literary genius and eminent social philosopher. After graduating from Edinburgh University in 1814, he published his first scholarly work on German literature in 1824, before finding literary success with his history of the French Revolution in 1837. After falling from favour during the first part of the twentieth century, his work has more recently become the subject of scholarly re-examination. His introduction of German literature and philosophy into the British intellectual milieu profoundly influenced later philosophical ideas and literary studies. These volumes are reproduced from the 1896 Centenary Edition of his collected works. Volume 9 contains the fourth volume of Oliver Cromwell's Letters and Speeches.
Documents Relating to the University and Colleges of Cambridge
Authors: University of Cambridge
Published: March 2012

In the mid-nineteenth century, a royal commission was appointed to investigate 'the state, discipline, studies, and revenues' of Cambridge University, and eventually recommended radical reforms. As part of its brief, it gathered records that had been preserved for centuries as the university evolved. Published in three volumes in 1852 under the title Documents Relating to the University and Colleges of Cambridge, the compilation, much of it in its original Latin, charts the university's emergence as one of the world's leading academic institutions and the challenges it faced along the way. This material remains a valuable resource for historians of British education and society. Volume 1 covers the period to the mid-sixteenth century and contains, among other historical gems, an abstract of records spanning nine monarchies, and an earlier compilation ordered by Henry VIII in the 37th year of his reign.
Social Studies
Authors: Wilde Jane Francesca
Published: March 2012

Lady Jane Francesca Wilde (1821–1896) is today best known as the mother of Oscar Wilde (1854–1900), but in her lifetime was famous in her own right as a fervent supporter of Irish Nationalism. After the death of her husband in 1876, Lady Wilde wrote to support herself, her other works including essays, literary criticism and travel writing. She was also a strong supporter of feminism and the campaign for female suffrage and legal rights. This volume, first published in 1893, contains a collection of essays on various topics of importance to Lady Wilde, including feminism, good manners and aesthetic clothing, with short biographies of Irish Nationalist leaders. This volume was Lady Wilde's last published work, and provides a valuable example of her writing style and the influence of the aesthetic movement on social behaviour. For more information on this author, see http://orlando.cambridge.org/public/svPeople?person_id=wildja
Travels and Discoveries in the Levant
Authors: Newton Charles Thomas
Published: March 2012

C. T. Newton (1816–1894) was a British archaeologist whose great interest was in Greek and Roman artefacts. He studied at Christ Church, Oxford, before joining the British Museum as an assistant in the Antiquities Department. Newton left the Museum in 1852 to explore the coasts and islands of Asia Minor, returning in 1861 as Keeper of the Department of Greek and Roman Antiquities. First published in 1865, these volumes contain an account of his travels and archaeological investigations around the Aegean and the coast of Turkey between 1852 and 1859. Using a series of letters written during his travels, Newton describes his archaeological discoveries together with valuable observations on contemporary Greek and Turkish culture. He also provides an account of his excavation of the tomb of Mausolus of Halicarnassus, one of the Seven Wonders of the ancient world. Volume 1, covering 1852–1855, contains descriptions of Athens and the Aegean.
The Works of Thomas Carlyle
Authors: Carlyle Thomas
Published: March 2012

Thomas Carlyle (1795–1881) was one of the most influential authors of the nineteenth century. Eagerly studied at the highest level of intellectual society, his satirical essays and perceptive historical biographies caused him to be regarded for much of the Victorian period as a literary genius and eminent social philosopher. After graduating from Edinburgh University in 1814, he published his first scholarly work on German literature in 1824, before finding literary success with his ground-breaking history of the French Revolution in 1837. After falling from favour during the first part of the twentieth century, his work has more recently become the subject of scholarly re-examination. His introduction of German literature and philosophy into the British intellectual milieu profoundly influenced later philosophical ideas and literary studies. These volumes are reproduced from the 1896 Centenary Edition of his collected works. Volume 5 contains his historical study on heroes and hero-worship.
How to Form a Library
Authors: Wheatley Henry Benjamin
Published: March 2012

Henry Benjamin Wheatley (1838–1917) was a prolific writer on bibliography, literature and the arts. As founder of the Index Society, and editor of The Bibliographer, he was also involved in the foundation of the Library Association. In that context he wrote several works on library topics. How to Form a Library was published in 1886, when libraries were spreading rapidly throughout England. The book provides advice on the selection of material for different kinds of libraries and audiences, and suggests a list of core works. Although the choices reflect the period in which it was written - a point Wheatley makes about earlier lists - it nonetheless has a value in giving insight into the intellectual interests of the day. He was firmly against librarians acting as moral censors, and although his list of required reading is unlikely to be followed today, the book contains much valuable information on library history.
The Universities of Europe in the Middle Ages
Authors: Rashdall Hastings
Published: March 2012

Hastings Rashdall (1858–1924) first published The Universities of Europe in the Middle Ages in 1895. It has remained one of the best-known studies of the great medieval universities for over a century. Volume 2 Part 2 is a study of the medieval universities of England with special focus on the universities of Oxford and Cambridge. Rashdall provides an in-depth analysis of their origins and constitutions, institutional development, curriculum and college systems. There are additional sections on English student life; student numbers and intake; universities' relationships with local towns; relationships with local ecclesiastical structures; and a chapter on the importance of the university of Oxford in medieval thought. Rashdall's study was one of the first comparative works on the subject. Its scope and breadth has ensured its place as a key work of intellectual history, and an indispensable tool for the study of the educational organisation of the Middle Ages.
A Vindication of the Rights of Woman
Authors: Wollstonecraft Mary
Published: March 2012

Mary Wollstonecraft (1759–1797) published A Vindication of the Rights of Woman in 1792. It was written in reaction to Rousseau's Emile (1762), which argued that the purpose of a girl's education was to make her useful to a man. Wollstonecraft offered a defence of woman's ability to reason, given appropriate education. She argued that the limited education given to women made them docile and empty-headed playthings whose supposed fragility and coquetry were constructions that damaged not only the individual but society as a whole. Her radical prescription was for girls to be educated alongside boys and to the same standard, so that they were not left dependent on marriage for financial security. The independence of mind displayed in this polemic has ensured its place as a foundational work in the canon of feminist thought. For more information on this author, see http://orlando.cambridge.org/public/svPeople?person_id=wollma
The Natural History of Birds
Authors: Buffon Georges Louis Leclerc, Comte de
Published: March 2012

Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon (1707–1788) was a French mathematician who was considered one of the leading naturalists of the Enlightenment. An acquaintance of Voltaire and other intellectuals, he worked as Keeper at the Jardin du Roi from 1739, and this inspired him to research and publish a vast encyclopaedia and survey of natural history, the ground-breaking Histoire Naturelle, which he published in forty-four volumes between 1749 and 1804. These volumes, first published between 1770 and 1783 and translated into English in 1793, contain Buffon's survey and descriptions of birds from the Histoire Naturelle. Based on recorded observations of birds both in France and in other countries, these volumes provide detailed descriptions of various bird species, their habitats and behaviours and were the first publications to present a comprehensive account of eighteenth-century ornithology. Volume 1 covers birds of prey and flightless birds.
The Remedy
Authors: Buxton Thomas Fowell
Published: March 2012

Thomas Fowell Buxton, M.P. (1786–1845) was a philanthropist who had many connections with the Quaker movement through the family of his wife, who was the sister of Henry Gurney and Elizabeth Fry. He was a passionate opponent of slavery, and campaigned to end it at a time when most British people believed that enough had been done by the abolition of British slave trading in 1807. The Remedy, first published in 1840, called on the government to do more to assist African development, so that African chiefs' participation in the trade would be reduced. Many African rulers believed that slavery was their only economic resource, but Buxton argued that this was false, and that, with training in agriculture and commerce, the available workforce could improve the economy of Africa without slavery. He also advocated greater use of the navy to patrol the coasts of Africa to drive off slavers.
A History of Ireland in the Eighteenth Century
Authors: Lecky William Edward Hartpole
Published: March 2012

W. E. H. Lecky (1838–1903) was one of the most distinguished Victorian historians. He was unusual in the extent to which he made use of archival sources, and noted for his ability of do justice to both sides of an argument. His History of Ireland in the Eighteenth Century was first published as part of A History of England in the Eighteenth Century, but was reissued in 1892 as a five-volume work. He has been described as the first revisionist Irish historian, as the aim of the book was partly to respond to Froude's The English in Ireland in the Eighteenth Century, which is markedly anti-Irish in its sentiments. Lecky was no nationalist, and opposed Home Rule, but wanted to provide a more truthful and balanced account, and his account of the United Irishmen and the events of 1798 was highly regarded. Volume 5 covers the period 1798–1800.
The British Navy
Authors: Brassey Thomas
Published: March 2012

Sir Thomas Brassey (1836–1918), later Earl Brassey, was a politician with a particular interest in maritime affairs. He was a keen sailor, and his wife's accounts of their many voyages (also reissued in this series) were bestsellers. He subsequently became a Lord of the Admiralty and Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports, and Brassey's Naval Annual was for many years the authoritative survey of worldwide navies. This five-volume survey of the state of the British Navy was published between 1882 and 1883. Brassey was much involved with questions of the modernisation and reform of the Navy, at a time when international relations were marked by a maritime arms race. The books provide much technical detail about the different types of ship and weapons available to the Navy. Volume 1 surveys the development of armoured ships and mastless ships.
The History, Civil and Commercial, of the West Indies
Authors: Edwards Bryan
Published: March 2012

Bryan Edwards (1743–1800) was a wealthy West Indian planter, politician and historian. He vigorously opposed the abolition of the slave trade, since the sugar industry relied heavily on it. His most important work was The History, Civil and Commercial, of the British Colonies in the West Indies, originally published in two volumes in 1793, and subsequently expanded (this fifth edition of 1819 reaching five volumes) with many plates and maps. In this wide-ranging work, he described his aim as 'to describe the manners and dispositions of the present inhabitants, as influenced by climate, situation, and other local causes . . . an account of the African slave trade, some observations on the negro character and genius, and reflections on the system of slavery established in our colonies'. Volume 2 includes a description of the present inhabitants of the islands, the practice of slavery, government and commercial activity.
Parish Law
Authors: Steer John
Published: March 2012

John Steer (fl. 1830) was a barrister and writer on legal issues best remembered for this detailed survey of the state of parish laws in the early nineteenth century. In this period the parish was the main institution of rural administration, and parishes were responsible for both ecclesiastical and civil matters, these being administered by the parish vestry. This volume, first published in 1830, contains a clear and comprehensive review of the many laws relating to the responsibilities of the parish. Organising the text according to parish institution, Steer provides a thorough description of legislation which governs all aspects of parish activities, including the parish vestry, Poor Law and church administration, and the duties of Justices of the Peace, with the legal statutes and pertinent legal cases included. This volume was published in multiple editions during the nineteenth century, and provides a rich resource for the study of contemporary life.
The Elements and Practice of Rigging, Seamanship, and Naval Tactics
Authors: Steel David
Published: March 2012

David Steel was one of the most respected and prolific naval publishers of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. His publications focused on naval strategy and shipbuilding techniques. This influential four-volume work, first published in 1794, was the first comprehensive English manual of best naval practice. Designed for aspiring young officers, it established Steel's reputation as a publisher. The book describes theoretical and practical aspects of masts, rigging, and sails, and the science of sailing. The combination of practical advice supported by scientific and mathematical explanations and numerous illustrations provides valuable insights into British seamanship during the Napoleonic wars. Volume 1, reissued here in the 1800 edition, explains the technical terms relating to the making of masts, bowsprits, yards, blocks and oars, and describes the tools required and the methods used.
The Elements and Practice of Rigging, Seamanship, and Naval Tactics
Authors: Steel David
Published: March 2012

David Steel was one of the most respected and prolific naval publishers of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. His publications focused on naval strategy and shipbuilding techniques. This influential four-volume work, first published in 1794, was the first comprehensive English manual of best naval practice. Designed for aspiring young officers, it established Steel's reputation as a publisher. The book describes theoretical and practical aspects of masts, rigging, and sails, and the science of sailing. The combination of practical advice supported by scientific and mathematical explanations and numerous illustrations provides valuable insights into British seamanship during the Napoleonic wars. Volume 2, reissued here in the 1809 edition, describes the art of sailmaking, the technical terms relating to it, the tools required, the quality of canvas used for different sails in naval and merchant vessels, and how to calculate the quantities needed.
Astronomicon
Authors: Manilius Marcus
Published: March 2012

Both the author and the date of this five-volume poem, the first Western document to link the houses of the zodiac with the course of human affairs, are uncertain. The author's name may be Marcus Manilius, or Manlius, or Mallius, and the latest datable event mentioned in the books themselves is the disastrous defeat of Varus' Roman legions by the German tribes in 9 CE. The writing shows knowledge of the work of Lucretius, but the work is not referred to by any subsequent writer, suggesting that it was never widely disseminated. A manuscript was rediscovered by Poggio Bracciolini in 1416 or 1417, and editions were produced by Scaliger and Bentley, but this immensely erudite edition of 1903–1930 by the scholar and poet A. E. Housman (1859–1936) is regarded as authoritative. Volume 1 covers the creation and arrangement of the heavens and their division into spheres.
Rambles and Recollections of an Indian Official
Authors: Sleeman W. H.
Published: March 2012

Lieutenant-Colonel William Henry Sleeman (1788–1856) spent his entire career in India as an army officer and later as a magistrate and resident. He was best known for his fight to suppress the activities of 'thugs', bands of criminals who attacked, robbed and often murdered innocent travellers. By the time of the publication of this two-volume work in 1844, Sleeman had lived in India for more than thirty years. In Volume 2, Sleeman examines many issues related to governance, such as land, tax, military discipline and the justice system, and he recounts some of the extensive conversations he had with Indians on these matters. His travels in this volume takes him through Gwalior, Dholpur, Agra and Bharatpur, and the book includes plates of some of the spectacular buildings that he visits.
Mortmain Legislation and the English Church 1279–1500
Authors: Raban Sandra
Published: March 2012

This is a comprehensive survey of medieval English mortmain legislation from both the point of view of the crown and that of the Church. It examines methods of enforcement and evaluates their success. It traces the emergence of licensing policies and the increasing exploitation of licences for fiscal purposes, while at the same time establishing that this was not their original purpose. The extent to which the Church was acquiring land on a threatening scale by the later thirteenth century is questioned, and the effects of the legislation on subsequent acquisition are assessed against the background of new fashions in ecclesiastical patronage and a more hostile economic climate. The statutes of 1279 and 1391 are well known. What this study shows is how much variation lay behind the apparently straightforward system of licensing and how closely the issue of mortmain tenure was related to wider social, political and economic considerations.
A Domestic History of the Bank of England, 1930–1960
Authors: Hennessy Elizabeth
Published: March 2012

This book, which is based on the Bank of England's own mainly unpublished archives, describes the internal workings of the bank from 1930 to 1960 under three governors, Lord Norman, Lord Catto and Lord Cobbold. Each chapter is devoted to the organisation and working methods of a particular department, such as Cashier's, Accountant's (now Registrar's), the Printing Works, Overseas, and so on, and the book includes the first published description of how the bank continued working during the Second World War, when many of its staff were evacuated to Hampshire and elsewhere. The book also contains information on the bank's accounting methods and profitability, and on the note issue including bank note design. These decades were a period of enormous change for the Bank, when its working methods (many dating back almost to its foundation in 1694) were radically updated and in some cases mechanised in a progression of record-keeping from handwritten ledgers to computers.
Beating the Fascists?
Authors: Rosenhaft Eve
Published: March 2012

In this book Eve Rosenhaft examines the involvement of Communists in political violence during the years of Hitler's rise to power in Germany (1929–33). Specifically, she aims to account for their participation in `street-fighting' or 'gang-fighting' with National Socialist storm-troopers. The origins of this conflict are examined at two levels. First Dr Rosenhaft analyses the official policy of the Communist Party towards fascism and Nazism, and the special anti-fascist and self-defence organizations which it developed. Among the aspects of Communist policy that are explored are the relation between the international confrontation between Communists and Social Democrats as claimants to lead the left, and the implications of this dispute in German politics; the ideological difficulties in the implementation of Communist policy in a period of economic dislocation; and the organizational problems posed by the fight against fascism. Dr Rosenhaft then explores the attitudes and experience of the Communist rank and file engaged in the struggle against fascism, concentrating on the city of Berlin, where a fierce contest for control of the streets was waged.
Tragicomedy and Novelistic Discourse in Celestina
Authors: Severin Dorothy Sherman
Published: March 2012

The late fifteenth-century Spanish masterpiece Celestina is one of the world's classics. In this important study, Dorothy Sherman Severin investigates how Fernando de Rojas' work in dialogue, which parodies earlier genres, is a precursor of the modern novel. In Celestina, the hero Calisto parodies the courtly lover, the heroine Melibea lives through classical examples and popular students' knowledge, the bawd and go-between Celestina deals a blow to the world of wisdom literature, and Melibea's father Pleberio gives his own gloss on the lament. There is also a fatal clash between two literary worlds, that one of the self-styled courtly lover (the fool) and the prototype picaresque world of the Spanish Bawd and her mentors (the rogues). The voices of Celestina are parodic, satiric, ironic and occasionally tragic, and it is in their discourse that the dialogue world of the modern novel is born. In order to make this book accessible to a wider English-speaking readership, quotations from the text are accompanied by English translations, mainly from the seventeenth-century English version by James Mabbe.
Collecting, Managing, and Assessing Data Using Sample Surveys
Authors: Stopher Peter
Published: March 2012

Collecting, Managing, and Assessing Data Using Sample Surveys provides a thorough, step-by-step guide to the design and implementation of surveys. Beginning with a primer on basic statistics, the first half of the book takes readers on a comprehensive tour through the basics of survey design. Topics covered include the ethics of surveys, the design of survey procedures, the design of the survey instrument, how to write questions and how to draw representative samples. Having shown readers how to design surveys, the second half of the book discusses a number of issues surrounding their implementation, including repetitive surveys, the economics of surveys, web-based surveys, coding and data entry, data expansion and weighting, the issue of non-response, and the documenting and archiving of survey data. The book is an excellent introduction to the use of surveys for graduate students as well as a useful reference work for scholars and professionals.
Tibet, Tartary and Mongolia
Authors: Prinsep Henry Thoby
Published: March 2012

Henry T. Prinsep (1792–1878) was the son of a prominent East India Company servant, and like his father, he spent much of his life in the East. He left Britain for Calcutta in 1809, at the age of seventeen, and stayed in India, working in a variety of roles, until his retirement in 1843. He wrote a number of books about India: in this work, published in 1851, he turns to the north of the subcontinent. Prinsep draws from travel narratives of the few explorers who had been to this territory – which corresponds to today's western China and Mongolia – to illustrate the lives of the people there. Using sources ranging from the thirteenth-century account by Marco Polo to eighteenth-century reports by French missionaries, Prinsep brings information on what was then a little-known world to a wider audience.
The Modular Architecture of Grammar
Authors: Sadock Jerrold M.
Published: March 2012

Modular grammar postulates several autonomous generative systems interacting with one another as opposed to the prevailing theory of transformational grammar where there is a single generative component – the syntax – from which other representations are derived. In this book Jerrold Sadock develops his influential theory of grammar, formalizing several generative modules that independently characterize the levels of syntax, semantics, role structure, morphology and linear order, as well as an interface system that connects them. Multi-modular grammar provides simpler, more intuitive analyses of grammatical phenomena and allows for greater empirical coverage than prevailing styles of grammar. The book illustrates this with a wide-ranging analysis of English grammatical phenomena, including raising, control, passive, inversion, do-support, auxiliary verbs and ellipsis. The modules are simple enough to be cast as phrase structure grammars and are presented in sufficient detail to make descriptions of grammatical phenomena more explicit than the approximate accounts offered in other studies.
Abeokuta and the Camaroons Mountains
Authors: Burton Richard Francis
Published: March 2012

Sir Richard Burton (1821–1890) the famous Victorian explorer, began his career in the Indian army in 1842. While in India he developed his linguistic talent, mastering more than forty different languages and dialects. He turned to writing books in the 1850s and, over the remaining forty years of his life, published dozens of works and more than one hundred articles. Burton wrote this two-volume work, published in 1863, while working as the British consul in Fernando Po (modern-day Equatorial Guinea), West Africa. In Volume 2 Burton discusses his expedition to the mountains on the coast of Cameroon, where he climbed to the peak of Mount Cameroon, an active volcano. This volume also has extensive appendices that include lists of plants collected on his expeditions, notes about the wildlife living in the mountains, and observations about the climate and temperature of the region.
Data Analysis for Physical Scientists
Authors: Kirkup Les
Published: March 2012

The ability to summarise data, compare models and apply computer-based analysis tools are vital skills necessary for studying and working in the physical sciences. This textbook supports undergraduate students as they develop and enhance these skills. Introducing data analysis techniques, this textbook pays particular attention to the internationally recognised guidelines for calculating and expressing measurement uncertainty. This new edition has been revised to incorporate Excel® 2010. It also provides a practical approach to fitting models to data using non-linear least squares, a powerful technique which can be applied to many types of model. Worked examples using actual experimental data help students understand how the calculations apply to real situations. Over 200 in-text exercises and end-of-chapter problems give students the opportunity to use the techniques themselves and gain confidence in applying them. Answers to the exercises and problems are given at the end of the book.
State Experiments in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Reeves William Pember
Published: March 2012

William Pember Reeves' scholarly work of 1902 provides a full and candid account of radical and experimental laws in Australia and New Zealand. From the Anti-Chinese Acts of 1881 to the adoption of the women's franchise by the Commonwealth Parliament in Australia in 1902, the two volumes survey all noteworthy laws and statutes, addressing colonial questions of the time. Well-known for his history of New Zealand, The Long White Cloud (1898), the statesman Reeves (1857–1932) draws attention to admitted defects or failures in the laws without imposing his personal political views on the reader. Volume 2 covers areas including labour and factory laws, pensions, liquor and licensing laws and immigration issues. Overall, the two volumes represent an important record of the many reforms and changes occurring in the political and social systems of Australasia at this time.