bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
GROUNDWATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT FOR DRINKING PURPOSE IN GANAUR BLOCK OF SONIPAT DISTRICT, HARYANA
Authors: Kumar Anup , Sharma Shubham , O.P. Thakur
Published: January 2025

The study area Ganaur block is located in Sonipat district of Haryana state between the latitudes 29.06 N to 0 29.22 N and longitudes 76.83 E to 77.08 E and covers an area of 217.16 sq. km. Geologically alluvium and 0 0 0 geomorphologically alluvial plain are present in the study area. The main objective of the study was to assess groundwater quality for drinking purpose in the study area. Eleven groundwater samples were collected in 250 ml double capped plastic bottles in the study area. Geo-coordinates of sample locations were noted with the help of mobile GPS. Chemical analysis of eleven groundwater samples were done using Tamilnadu Water Supply and Drainage (TWAD) Board, Chennai prepared Field Water Testing kit for twelve chemical parameters viz. pH, alkalinity, hardness, chloride, total dissolved solids (TDS), fluoride, iron, nitrite, nitrate, ammonia, phosphate and residual chlorine. Results of groundwater samples analysis were compared with BIS drinking water standards (IS 10500:2012) to know suitability of groundwater quality for drinking purpose. In the study area pH ranges 6.5 to 8.5, alkalinity 70 mg/l to 550 mg/l, hardness 150 mg/l to 400 mg/l, chloride 10 mg/l to 290 mg/l, TDS 276 mg/l to 1116 mg/l, fluoride 0.5 mg/l to 5 mg/l, iron nil to 1 mg/l, ammonia nil to 3 mg/l, nitrite 0.5 mg/l to 2 mg/l, nitrate 45 mg/l to 100 mg/l, phosphate nil in all the eleven groundwater samples and residual chlorine nil to 0.2 mg/l. The study is highly useful for planning and monitoring of groundwater quality for drinking purpose in the study area.
THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES FOR MELASMA (KALAF) IN UNANI MEDICINE
Authors: Jahan Nushrat , Shamsi Yasmeen , Akhtar Md. Wasi , Fatima Lubna
Published: January 2025

Melasma, known as "Kalaf" in Unani medicine, is a common acquired pigmentary disorder mostly affecting the face. It is much more common in women during their reproductive years but about 10% of the cases do occur in men. Melasma appears as symmetrically located irregular macules and patches that range from light brown to dark brown in colour. The three predominant facial patterns are centrofacial (forehead, nose, upper lip), malar (malar cheeks), and mandibular. Unani physicians Ibn Sina, Ibn Hubal Baghdadi, and Rabban Tabri have discussed melasma in detail. According to Unani System of Medicine, melasma results from the accumulation of black bile (Sawda) within the skin. Conventional treatments like UV protection, topical medicines, and chemical peels are effective, but short lived and associated with unwanted side effects. Therefore, development of effective and safe products for melasma is becoming emergent. Treatment in Unani medicine typically involves a combination of dietary and lifestyle modifications, herbal remedies, and therapeutic procedures (Ilajbit-Tadbeer) to restore balance of Akhlat(humours) and eliminate the accumulated Sawda.
Peran Guru Dalam Meningkatkan Karakter Siswa Melalui Pembelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila di SMA Negeri 2 Sungai Pinang
Authors: Rotari Septi , Mita Purnama  , Nanang Jayani  , Citra Lidiawati  , Rike Erlande  , Ideham Syahzili
Published: January 2025

The purpose of this research is to determine the role of teachers in improving student character through learning Pancasila education at SMA Negeri 1 Sungai Pinang. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation and documentation. The results of research on the role of teachers in improving student character through learning Pancasila education at SMA Negeri 1 Sungai Pinang. It was found that teachers have a very important role in growing and developing the character of each student. This can be seen from the Pancasila education subject, the teacher invites students to pray before starting the lesson and also pray after finishing the lesson, the teacher invites each student to practice the Pancasila values, one of which is the value of religious character and discipline character through material on the Pancasila education subject, the control card. , and congregational prayers.
Keywords: Role of Teachers; Character Education; Pancasila Education.
Managing Chemical Hazardous Wastes in Thailand: Challenges and Strategies for Sustainable Development
Authors: Vattanaprateep Nuntapol
Published: January 2025

This study examines the current state of hazardous waste management in Thailand, focusing on the types of chemical hazardous wastes generated, disposal practices, compliance with regulations, and barriers to effective management. The findings reveal that toxic chemicals dominate the industrial sector, while improper disposal methods, such as landfilling and incineration, are commonly used. Compliance with hazardous waste regulations varies, with the healthcare sector showing the highest compliance, but significant noncompliance persists in other sectors. Economic factors, particularly the high cost of proper disposal, along with inadequate infrastructure and insufficient regulatory enforcement, are major barriers to effective waste management. Additionally, a lack of awareness and education, particularly in the agricultural sector, further hinders progress. The study highlights the need for strengthened regulations, improved infrastructure, and increased public education to address these challenges and ensure effective hazardous waste management in Thailand.
Innovative Use of Volcanic Rocks to Improve Compressive Strength in Ventilation Blocks
Authors: N. Vattanaprateep  , P. Wongthong  , P. Peerapong  , W. Ponloa
Published: January 2025

This work investigates the improvement of mechanical properties, specifically compressive strength and density, of ventilation blocks through the incorporation of volcanic rocks. The study focuses on optimizing the mixture of volcanic rocks with the aim of enhancing the performance of these blocks. The experimental approach involved utilizing a Universal Testing Machine (UTM-CY-6040A12) for compressive strength analysis. Results indicate that the introduction of volcanic rocks into the ventilation block composition led to notable improvements in compressive strength. The blocks achieved their highest compressive strength at 380 KN when incorporating 5% by weight of mixed rough volcanic rock. Additionally, blocks incorporating 4% by weight of mixed fine-grained volcanic rock demonstrated a compressive strength of 268 KN. It was observed that an increase in the percentage of volcanic rock in the mixture resulted in a decrease in compressive strength. Furthermore, the study explored the impact on block density due to the addition of volcanic rocks. Blocks with a 4% by weight mixture of volcanic rock exhibited the lowest density at 2.180 g/ cm³, showcasing a significant decrease compared to traditional ventilation blocks. Importantly, all blocks incorporating volcanic rocks experienced a reduction in density compared to standard ventilation blocks. The successful outcomes of this research have practical implications for the production of ventilation blocks in collaboration with commercial block factories. These findings offer insights into the optimal mixtures of volcanic rocks, providing a pathway for enhancing both the compressive strength and reducing the density of ventilation blocks for improved overall performance in construction applications.
A GIS Approach Study on the Importance of Land Use Cover Patterns with Special Reference to Peringammala Region, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
Authors: Aneesa S.  , J.K. Reshma
Published: January 2025

The term “urbanization” describes the concentration of people in specific places. This concentration results from land transformation for residential, commercial, industrial, and transportation reasons. The building of additional residences, schools, hospitals, transit, and other services, as well as the conversion of more land to urban use, are required due to the rapid expansion in population. In this context, we can understand how urbanization affects the rural area with special reference to the rural area of Peringammala. In this research, we collected both the Landsat 7 (2001) (2011) and Landsat 8 (2021) images used in the classification of Land use Cover changes. Supervised classification was done to classify the images in different land use categories like Forest, agriculture, barren land, built upland water bodies. From this study, we can understand the gradual penetration of urbanization in rural areas.
Identification and classification of medicinal plant Cassia species through DNA barcode to validating phylogenic analysis of Rbcl, Matk, Ycflb, trnH-psba and ITS marker
Authors: Jeevitha S.  , Anandan R.
Published: January 2025

Cassia species are considered as a valuable source for our Indian medical system. Inter and intra species of Cassia is genetically variable and its necessary to identify and discriminate individuals in order to exploit its maximum potential. DNA barcode technique of well-studied universal markers was used to amplify the genomic region of several Cassia species. The amplified regions were sequenced and the coding’s were blasted and studied for any significant differences. The results from the generated Rbcl, MatK and Ycf1b sequences were almost identical to Senna species that is closely related to Cassia species. The phylogenetic tree for five species of Cassia was constructed using three markers (Rbcl, MatK and Ycf1b). Among the markers used Rbcl_1 shows the best resolution for S. auriculata. MatK_3 has showed better species resolution for S. occidentails than other markers. The implication of these results can be used in species identification of wild and native genotypes of medicinal plant from various geographical locations.
Design Specifications of Various RAS (Recirculating Aquaculture System) Filtration Components in Haryana, India
Authors: Singh Paramveer , Gulati Rachna , Sharma Reecha , Lowanshi Ashutosh
Published: January 2025

This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the components and specifications employed in Recirculating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) by farmers in Haryana, India. The research surveyed 20 RAS farms, revealing diversity in the number of components used, with 40% of farmers utilizing five key components, including production tanks, drum filters, biofilter units, degassing aerators, and ultraviolet (UV) lights. Drum filters were the primary choice for 85% of farmers, with 82.35% using a 50-micron mesh screen. The study highlights the prevalence of Molecular Biofilm-Based Reactor (MBBR) for biological filtration, with all surveyed farms adopting this technology. Notably, 60% of farmers opted for K5 MBBR media. Production tanks, a fundamental component, were predominantly 50,000 liters in capacity, with some variations. Degassing aerators, UV sterilization, ozone units, and oxygen generators were commonly integrated into the RAS setups, showcasing the farmers’ commitment to water quality management. Intriguingly, sand filters were preferred by only 40% of farmers, with diverse flow rates observed. The results also present insights into the mesh sizes of drum filters with 82.35% of farmers using 50 micron mesh size, emphasizing the farmers’ consideration for efficient solid removal. The findings shed light on the technology choices made by RAS farmers in Haryana, providing valuable information for aquaculture practitioners and researchers aiming to enhance RAS efficiency and sustainability.
Effect of Organic Amendments on Yield and Nutrient Uptake of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Sharma Sonal , Singh D.P. , Meena R.H. , Yadav K.K. , Meena S.C. , Chhipa Brij Gopal , Sharma Pooja , Khardia Neha
Published: January 2025

A pot experiment was carried out to study the effects of organic amendments (Biochar, FYM, and Poultry manure) at varying rates (0.5%, 1.5%, and 2.5%) on the yield, nutrient (N, P, and K) content, and uptake by wheat. The findings revealed that applying organic amendments substantially increased wheat yield, nutrient content, and uptake by wheat compared to the control. Specifically, the application of poultry manure at a rate of 2.5% led to the highest increase in grain and straw yield, with percentages of 24.69% and 25.35%, respectively, compared to the control. Additionally, there was a substantial increase in the uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in wheat grain (41.35%, 42.37%, and 40.32%) and wheat straw (50.69%, 53.65%, and 40.47%) when poultry manure was utilized at a 2.5% rate compared to the control. It has been reported that the application of organic amendments at the proper dose can increase both the yield and nutrient uptake of wheat.
Integrated use of Silicon with manure in Taro (Colocasia esculenta L.)
Authors: Swarnkar Shikha , Singh Virendra , Saharan Vinod , Pilania Shalini , Swami Hemant , Bairwa H.L. , Gora Mahendra Kumar
Published: January 2025

The current study investigated that integrated use of silicon combined with manure. A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2023 at the horticulture farm, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, MPUAT, Udaipur. The highest plant height, leaf lamina length and leaf lamina width were observed in 100% RDF and 75 kg silicon application. However, the maximum number of leaves, number of stolon and stolon length was obtained in 5 ton vermicompost and 75 kg silicon application.
Impact of Improved Potato Cultivation in Enhancing the Productivity and Income of Farmers- A Study in Dibrugarh District of Assam India
Authors: Saikia Hemchandra , Sharmah Diganta , Neog Manoranjan
Published: January 2025

Assam is an agrarian state having net sown area and gross cropped area as 2801 and 4060 thousand hectares, respectively and resulting cropping intensity is about 145 per cent. Among vegetable crops potato is the most important crop occupying 115752 hectare area (4.13% of net cropped area) and its average productivity is 8513 kg per hectare. Present study was conducted in Dibrugarh district to know the impact of improved method of potato cultivation in enhancing the productivity and income of farmers. Data for the study were collected in specially designed pre-tested interview schedules from 100 randomly selected respondent farmers from two randomly sleeted blocks of Dibrugarh district of Assam which was selected purposively due to the prevalence of agricultural activities in the district. The result of the study revealed that the productivity of potato in improved cultivation increased by 9636 kg per hectare (82.11 % increases) over its traditional method of cultivation. The gross return per hectare in improved method of cultivation increased by 45.69 per cent over its cultivation without the use of improved technology. The net return per hectare in improved potato cultivation increased by 51.18 per cent (`67351/ha) over its cultivation without the use of improved technology. The benefit-cost ratios in both improved and traditional method of potato cultivation were 4.46 and 3.96, respectively. Thus, study established the positive impact of adoption of improved technology in potato cultivation.
Effect of different herbicides on the growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Joshi Disha , Choudhary Jagdish , Verma Arvind , Meena R.H. , Jain Devendra , Bunker R.N.
Published: January 2025

Being the most important cereal crop higher production of wheat is a major concern in the present scenario. Wheat field is generally infested from wide range of monocot and dicot, grassy and non-grassy weeds. This investigation was conducted to find a suitable herbicide mixture that can improve the growth of wheat plant as compared to the weedy checks. The study conducted twelve treatments which were replicated four times. The weed management treatments included T1 : pendimethalin 1000 g a.i. ha-1 (PE), T2 : pendimethalin 1500 g a.i. ha-1 (PE), T3 : pyroxasulfone 127.5 g a.i. ha-1 (PE), T4 : pendimethalin +pyroxasulfone 1250 + 127.5 g a.i. ha-1 (tank mix PE), T5 : pyroxasulfone + metsulfuron 127.5 + 4 g a.i. ha-1 (PE), T6 : pyroxasulfone 127.5 g a.i. ha-1 (EPOST), T7 : pyroxasulfone + metsulfuron 127.5 + 4 g a.i. ha-1 (tank mix EPOST), T8 : metribuzin 300 g a.i. ha-1 (PE), T9 : pendimethalin + metribuzin 1250 + 280 g a.i. ha-1 (tank mix PE), T10: pyroxasulfone + metribuzin 127.5 + 280 g a.i. ha-1 (tank mix PE), T11: weedy check and T12: weed free. It was concluded from the results that the application of T7 : pyroxasulfone + metsulfuron 127.5 + 4 g a.i. ha-1 (tank mix EPOST) resulted significantly superior plant height, number of leaves plant-1, leaf area index and dry matter accumulation of plants as compared to weedy check and rest of the treatments.
A Study on Landslide Vulnerability of Guwahati City using Remote Sensing and GIS Approach
Authors: Das Bhagya , Bora Himashree
Published: January 2025

In hilly areas, landslides can result in significant loss of life and damage to property. To improve the effectiveness of managing landslide risks, new approaches are necessary to gain a deeper understanding of the threat and to make informed decisions about allocating financial resources. Recent advancements in risk evaluation and assessment have led to systematic and rigorous procedures for better slope management. Given the uncertainty surrounding landslide hazards, the importance of risk assessment and analysis has increased in recent years. The land use and land cover of Guwahati City have been transformed drastically from 2000 to 2022. 157% of the change in built-up areas has been recorded as causing severe damage to natural resources, including vegetation cover and waterbodies. Due to the lack of proper settlement planning, most of the parts of the Guwahati city area face hazards like landslides and urban flooding in the monsoon seasons, as the Guwahati city area receives more than 2500 cm of rainfall annually and creates 8.83% and 10.92% of the total area at very high and moderate risk for landslide events, respectively. There is a need for strict guidelines from the government to restrict the construction of settlements in hillside areas or in hilly areas. This study shows there is a need for proper urban planning strategies to mitigate landslide hazard issues.
Effect of Various Sources of Nitrogen on Growth, Yield, and Quality in Vegetable Amaranthus (Amaranthus tricolor L.)
Authors: Nirankar  , Mandal Joydip , Parveen Alina , Kumar Ajeet , Kumar Yogesh , Singh Shivam Kumar
Published: January 2025

The present experiment entitled “Effect of Various Sources of Nitrogen on Growth, Yield, and Quality in Vegetable Amaranthus (Amaranthus tricolor L.)” was conducted during two consecutive summers of 2020 and 2021 at Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture and Post-Harvest Technology, Palli Siksha Bhavana, Visva Bharati Sriniketan, West Bengal. The trial was laid down in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications and five treatments viz. T1 : 100% N Inorganic + 0% N FYM + 0% N VC, T2 : 75% N Inorganic + 12.5 % N FYM + 12.5% N VC, T3 : 50% N Inorganic + 25% N FYM + 25% N VC, T4 : 25% N Inorganic + 37.5% N FYM + 37.5% N VC, T5 : 0% N Inorganic + 50% N FYM + 50% N VC. Based on the pooled data, results of study revealed that maximum plant height (54.6 cm), number of leaves (16.3), leaf length (17.8 cm), leaf width (7.6cm), leaf area index (8.7), petiole length (7.3 cm), stem diameter (1.4cm), plant weight (53.9g), yield per plot (7.4kg), yield per hectare (213.3 q), chlorophyll a (40.7 mg/100 g), chlorophyll b (21.5 mg /100g), total chlorophyll (62.2 mg/100g), ascorbic acid (331.9 mcg/ 100g), Protein (5.2%), and B: C Ratio (1.55) were found with the application T4 : 25% N Inorganic + 37.5% N FYM + 37.5% N VC. It was evident that inorganic nitrogen replacement with organic nitrogen from 25 to 75% is possible in vegetable amaranth without affecting yield.
Study on Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis in Linseed for Yield Related Traits
Authors: Kharche Kartik , Meshram Swapnilkumar , Singh Soni , Patil Pranjal , Kadam Shailesh
Published: January 2025

Linseed is an important oilseed crop with medicinal and nutritional qualities. It contains a linolenic acid as well as complete protein rich inessential amino acids. Correlation is the mutual relationship between variables helps in identification of the most effective methods for selecting superior genotypes while path coefficients provide information about the direct and indirect impacts of different characteristics on complex traits like yield, which helps to improve the selection process. The present study was conducted during the Rabi season of 2023-24 to study correlation and path coefficient analysis for twelve characters in set of thirty linseed genotypes. The correlation coefficient analysis revealed a positive significant genotypic and phenotypic correlation for seed yield by harvest index, no. of primary branches, biological yield, capsule per plant, plant height, seed per capsule, and secondary branches. The path analysis exhibited a direct positive effect on seed yield per plant through no. of secondary branches and biological yield, at both phenotypic and genotypic levels.
Effect of weed management practices on growth of cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. Capitata.)
Authors: Kumar Pal Deepak , Lakhawat S.S. , Chhipa B.G. , Yadav K.K. , Swami Hemant , Kumari Neha
Published: January 2025

This study evaluated the effect of weed management practices on cabbage. A field experiment was conducted during early spring 2023 at the horticulture farm, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, MPUAT, Udaipur. The result showed that the growth characteristics was significantly affected by Pendimethalin @ 700 gha-1+1 Hand weeding at 45DAT. The highest plant height, number of unwhirled leaves, minimum days taken to head initiation and head harvest was observed in Pendimethalin @ 700 gha-1+1 Hand weeding at 45DAT. All of the above parameters were lowest where weedicide was applied i.e., control.
Effect of Chitosan Salicylic Acid Nano formulations on Growth and Yield of Strawberry cv. Winter Dawn
Authors: Gora Mahendra Kumar , Singh Virendra , Kaushik R.A. , Mahla M.K.
Published: January 2025

A field experiment was conducted at horticulture farm Rajasthan College of Agriculture, MPUAT, Udaipur during 2022-23 and 2023-24. The study revealed that the effect of chitosan nano formulations (CS-SA NFs) on the growth and yield of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) cv. Winter Dawn. The study found that the number of leaves per plant and leaf length significantly increased with the application of CS-SA NFs at 800 ppm as compared to other treatments SA (100-300 ppm), BCH (100-1200 ppm) and control. The highest number of leaves was recorded in the 800 ppm CS-SA NFs treatment. Similarly, the maximum leaf length was observed in the same treatment. Flowering duration also increased significantly with CS-SA NFs, with the longest duration at 800 ppm. Yield attributes showed notable improvement, with the number of fruits per plant and yield per hectare highest in the 800 ppm CS-SA NFs treatment, achieving 27.70 fruits per plant and 353.68 q ha-1, respectively, compared to the control. The study demonstrates the potential of CSSA NFs to enhance strawberry growth and yield.
Genetic diversity and screening of rice genotypes for drought tolerance under rainfed upland ecosystem of Tamil Nadu
Authors: D. Sathyara  , T. Sabesan
Published: January 2025

The present investigation was undertaken to decipher the extent of diversity in 120 rice genotypes under natural stress condition during the years 2020-21 and 2021-22. Analysis of variance revealed that significant variability with respect to all the nine traits viz., days to fifty per cent flowering, plant height, number of productive tillers per plant, panicle length, number of grains per panicle, grain length, grain breadth, thousand grain weights and grain yield per plant under study. Mahala Nobis D2 values and non- hierarchical Euclidean cluster analysis categorized the genotypes under study in ten clusters. The maximum intra cluster distance was obtained in cluster VII (35.58) and farthest inter cluster distance was between clusters VI and VII (74.49). The cluster IV, VI, IX, and X exerted superior clusters mean performance. The characters viz., number of grains per panicles, plant height, days to fifty per cent flowering, grain length, grain breadth along with grain yield per plant were the major contributors for genetic divergence. Based on genetic diversity and per se mean performance of the genotypes AURC 3, AURC 4, AURC 10, GSR8, Kandakasala, IR 64 and Banshpata are more drought stress tolerant that could be used as donor parent in future drought varietal breeding programme.
AFFECTING SATISFACTION OF LABORATORY SERVICES BY CUSTOMER RELATED FACTORS- TERTIARY HOSPITAL BASED STUDY
Authors: Bhatt Sanjay , Jain Suman , Singh Yogesh , Bhatnagar Mani , Jain Khyati , Sati Bindu
Published: January 2025

Abstract: Introduction: The economic liberalization and privatization has made it possible to have the emergence of more and more private sector business organizations especially in medical sector leading to more competition in supply of health services. The customer satisfaction for the services rendered by the hospital is the yard stick to assess the quality of services which is the net effect of large number of factors related to the institution supplying the services and customer patients availing the services. The present paper focuses on customer patient related factors influencing their satisfaction level. Objectives: The present study is aimed to assess the satisfaction level of patients availing laboratory services rendered by the central Biochemistry lab in a tertiary medical college hospital and to associate the same with the customer based socio-economic factors contributing to their satisfaction. Methodology: The cross sectional survey method of research was used to collect the socio- demographic and customer satisfaction level of information visiting a tertiary hospital in southern Rajasthan. A five Likert scale was used to ascertain satisfaction level of patients at different points while availing the laboratory services. Mean scores, percentages, statistical test of significance and chi- square test were calculated using options available on Excel and on line options for different statistical tests Results: The mean score values of the level of satisfaction are statistically significant between male and female patients, youngster and elder patients as well as for patients within and outside Rajasthan. The Chi-square test revealed that factors such as sex, age, place of stay, educational level and referred department are significantly associated with level of satisfaction of laboratory services by the patients. Remarkably, the location of stay (rural vs urban), occupation, stages of visit were found to have no significant association with level of satisfaction of patients.
Challenges of integrating war displaced persons from Kindu in the DRC after the wars
Authors: Makinga Alphonse Sabiti
Published: January 2025

This paper analyzes and outlines the main integration challenges faced by war-deplaced people from Kindu in the DRC more than 20 years after the war.
Study of Datura stramonium metallic nanoparticles showing anti-cancer and anti-microbial properties: A review
Authors: Neha Biradar  , Himanshi Deshmukh
Published: January 2025

Datura stramonium metallic nanoparticles show anti-cancer and anti-microbial propensities: in vitro precedes in vivo rationale. Gold, silver, copper nanoparticles and zinc oxide nanoparticles were prepared using D. stramonium extracts by green synthesis methods owing to its vast phytochemical profile with major tropane alkaloids content.
The nanoparticles showed greater stability and biopotency as revealed by their higher cytotoxic potential against a number of cancer cell lines as well as antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
This research shed more light on the potential of using D. stramonium-mediated nanoparticles as effective cancer therapeutic and antibacterial agents, paving ways for further therapeutic applications.
The Election and the Criteria for Ideal Leaders: A Leadership Management Study Based on the Principles of Justice and Wisdom
Authors: Muthoifin Muthoifin , Oktatianti Tina , Afiyah Isma , Nuha Nuha , Astuti Ari Aji , Nirwana Andri , Geraldine Edwards , Affandi Muchammad Taufiq
Published: January 2025

The 2024 election serves as a pivotal moment to evaluate the electability and characteristics of ideal leadership candidates. This study aims to: (1) assess the electability of prospective leaders, (2) analyze public preferences for leadership candidates in the 2024 election, and (3) identify leaders who embody the principles of justice and wisdom. These principles are essential in realizing the sovereignty of the people as outlined in Article 1, paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution. Employing a qualitative approach, this research delves into public perceptions of elections and leadership criteria. Data were collected through a comprehensive review of relevant literature, including articles, books, and academic writings addressing justice- and wisdom-centered leadership. This method provides a nuanced understanding of societal expectations regarding ideal leaders in a democratic context. The findings reveal that leaders who uphold justice and wisdom significantly contribute to democratic consolidation, enhanced civic engagement, and sustainable development. Public preferences underscore the importance of integrity, fairness, and strategic vision in leadership. Moreover, the study highlights a pressing need for political education to improve public awareness of the critical criteria for electing leaders who align with these principles. This research offers novel insights by connecting leadership management with the foundational principles of justice and wisdom in the context of Indonesia's constitutional framework. The implications underscore the necessity of informed electoral participation to ensure leadership that not only reflects the people's aspirations but also fosters equitable and sustainable governance. By bridging theoretical ideals and practical expectations, this study contributes to the broader discourse on leadership and democracy in Indonesia.
Potential Risk Factors Affecting Students’ Academic Performance in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.
Authors: Adigun Kehinde , Adarabioyo Munini , ADIGUN Abiodun , Adejuwon Samuel
Published: January 2025

Academic attainment is a key factor that is required of would-be employees in any establishment. This study aimed at determining the effect of family factors, personal factors, peer-pressure factors and other factors on students’ academic performance. Data on basic factors that affect students’ performances were obtained with the use of structured questionnaire, 100 questionnaires were distributed to students in the study area, out of which 42 of the students were male and 58 were female, the questionnaire consists of two sections, section A of the questionnaire sourced information on the socio-demographic profile of the respondents while section B was based on questions on a 5-point Likert scale that were categorized into four groups. Each of the categories consisted of five questions. The collected data were analyzed using multiple regression (matrix notation) approach. The results indicated that peer-pressure, family factors and personal factors had effect on students’ academic performance in higher institutions while some other factors such as extra-curricular activities, parental income and socio-economic status also had effects on the students’ performance in higher institutions. The study concluded that apart from solid and sound secondary school background, which impact positively on students’ academic performance, family background, social economic status and school environment play a crucial role in students’ academic performance.
Reel Adventures
Authors: McLaughlin Malcolm
Published: January 2025

This article is a study of angling stories appearing in outdoor-sports magazines in the decades around the turn of the twentieth century, tracking the emergence of a new interest in saltwater fishing in Florida and California. American angling stories had long owed as much to James Fenimore Cooper as Izaak Walton, following trails to lonely mountain streams in the Adirondack or Rocky Mountains, but in the Gulf of Mexico and the Pacific, writers discovered new opportunities to introduce sensationalism into stories of strenuous tarpon fishing or the thrilling pursuit of swordfish. Meanwhile, at a time of growing US imperial influence, they contributed to a cultural reimagining of the sea as a site of adventure, of encounters with exoticized peoples, and of natural wonder. Angling stories at this time combined these quite varied cultural impulses, suggesting the importance of the sport for an understanding of a pivotal moment in American history.
AI-driven Streaming Customer Churn Prediction and Management Research
Authors: Yan Jialu
Published: January 2025

Against the backdrop of increasingly fierce competition in the streaming media field, how to prevent customer churn has become a severe test faced by major operating platforms. The use of artificial intelligence technology, especially in-depth mining and analysis of customer behavior data, provides solid support for predicting and responding to customer churn. This article aims to study how to use AI technology to accurately identify potential customer groups that may be lost and develop targeted management strategies from the perspectives of machine learning, deep learning, natural language processing, and data mining. The article also proposes practical measures to address challenges such as data quality, model interpretability, and changes in customer behavior, with the aim of enhancing customer loyalty and promoting the refinement and efficiency of churn management.
COMPARISON OF VAC DRESSING AND SOFRA DRESSING IN DIABETIC FOOT WOUND IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL OF SOUTH PUNJAB
Authors: HASSAN G , SABIR M , YASEEN G , ALAM I , FAREED N , ASIM I
Published: January 2025

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a significant complication of diabetes, contributing to high morbidity and healthcare costs. Vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) therapy is a promising intervention for DFU management, but its adoption in Pakistan is limited. Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of VAC therapy and conventional Sofra dressing in managing DFUs in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A prospective comparative study was conducted among 120 patients with Wagner grade 2 or 3 DFUs. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups: Group A (VAC therapy) and Group B (Sofra dressing). Data on wound surface area reduction, granulation tissue formation, and demographic variables were collected over four weeks. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26, with a p-value of <0.05 considered significant. Results: VAC therapy demonstrated superior outcomes compared to Sofra dressing. The mean wound surface area reduction was 45% in Group A and 25% in Group B. Granulation tissue formation occurred significantly faster in the VAC group (14.90 ± 9.11 days) compared to the Sofra group (29 ± 5.81 days) (p < 0.05). No significant gender differences were observed, but younger patients (<55 years) experienced slightly faster healing rates in both groups. Conclusion: VAC therapy is more effective than conventional Sofra dressing in reducing wound size and promoting faster granulation tissue formation in diabetic foot ulcers. These findings support the adoption of VAC therapy as a standard intervention for DFU management in Pakistan, despite resource limitations. Policy-level support and training are essential for its widespread implementation..
ANALYSIS OF DETERMINANT FACTORS OF TOURIST ATTRACTION IN CITIES
Authors: Avetisyan G. , Manukyan D.
Published: January 2025

Tourism is one of the most dynamic, fastest growing sectors of the world economy. Being one of the profitable branches, it is in great demand as a profession today.

Urban tourism has a unique special place in this process, as cities offer tourists a wide range of cultural, historical and recreational opportunities.

The article presents the factors that make cities attractive and well-known touristic destinations, as well as analyzes their main features and attractive aspects. In urban tourism, the factors of tourist attraction determine its competitiveness and success.

Taking into account international experience, for the first time the factors determining the attractiveness of cities are presented and their impact on the development of urban tourism is analyzed.

A study is done, the results of which are presented in the article, revealing the factors determining the tourist attractiveness of the city Gyumri.

The article also presents the cities where an increase in tourist flows has been noticeable in recent years. Certainly, not all cities can have historical monuments that are attractive for tourists, but each city has its own characteristics that can create competitive conditions for visiting and recreation.

Within the framework of the article comparative, analytical, research, deductive and sociological survey methods have been used.
Plant Responses to Holocene Climate Change in Europe
Authors: Pan Xuan , Wang Yurui
Published: January 2025

The Holocene period spans some 11,700 years and has witnessed major climatic changes that have had a profound impact on the dynamics of European vegetation. This study begins by collating existing scholarly research. Combined with pollen data, temperature and precipitation records, the response of European vegetation to climate change during the Holocene was investigated. Using datasets from sources such as Pangaea, AGU and NOAA, we performed time series analyses, correlation analyses and kernel density estimates to explore these interactions. Our findings suggest that there are important relationships between climatic variables and vegetation distribution. It also validates the findings of other scholars in this area. The findings highlight regional differences in vegetation response, suggesting complex interactions between climatic factors and plant ecology over millennia. This study provides insights into past climate-vegetation interactions.
Klotho in Alzheimer's Disease: Evaluating Therapeutic Potential and Addressing Experimental Challenges
Authors: Chen Evelyn Yilin , Zhu Siqi
Published: January 2025

Alzheimer's Disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disorder, is characterized by cognitive decline and neurodegeneration. This review explores the intersection of AD pathology and Klotho, a protein linked to aging and cognitive enhancement. Klotho modulates aging-related processes, including amyloid-beta dynamics and neuroinflammation, through mechanisms such as autophagy enhancement, oxidative stress reduction, and amyloid-beta clearance. Research has indicated Klotho's potential in mitigating AD symptoms in murine models, such as APP/PS1. However, methodological challenges, including variability in experimental models and inconsistencies in Klotho administration, complicate the translation of these findings. This review synthesizes current research, highlights experimental limitations, and proposes methodological improvements to enhance the reliability and applicability of Klotho as a therapeutic target for AD, providing a foundation for future investigations that could revolutionize neurodegenerative disease management.
Total synthesis of Crotonine A
Authors: Chen Wenyuan , Zhu Yuanle
Published: January 2025

Crotonine A is a newly reported molecule. The insulin resistance activity it exhibited shows a promising prospect for synthesizing the molecule. In this work, based on the oxidation levels and some functional groups of the target molecule, in order to break the rings that make up the molecule and thus simplify the molecular structure, retrosynthetic routes were designed by simplifying the target molecule into three parts and analyzing them separately in an organized retrosynthetic manner. Then, complete theoretical synthetic routes were designed based on the retrosynthetic strategy. Furthermore, the relevant reaction selectivity and stereoselectivity were analyzed, and the synthetic routes were optimized. Among them, the relevant reaction mechanisms and their advantages were discussed and analyzed, emphasizing the stereoselectivity of some reactions and the protection of target functionalities. Some synthetic routes were also employed, and several different methods were used for selection. As a result, the method of synonymizing the target molecule was theoretically realized, and the route might be useful for the Crotonine A, which may serve as a reference for the actual synthesis of Crotonine A and may be extended to the application of related similar Terpenoids.
Exploring the specific relationship between optogenetic activation of SuM-induced behavioural changes in AHNs and microglia for cognitive enhancement in mice
Authors: Shang Chaojian
Published: January 2025

Patients with Alzheimers disease (AD) exhibit progressive memory loss, depression, and anxiety. accompanied by impaired adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN). Recent studies have pointed out that stimulation of the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus (SuM) enhances AHN in two different AD mouse models (53FAD and 33Tg-AD). and additional chemical gene activation of SuM enhances adult new-born neurons (ABNs), restoring memory and emotional deficits in these AD mice. However, the exact cause of the improvement in cognitive performance in mice is not clear, as there is an alteration in the behaviour of microglia during activation of SuM and ABNs. We therefore designed experiments in the hope of experimentally verifying that the cognitive enhancement in mice comes directly from the altered activity of the AHN. And two other experiments were designed to test whether the altered microglia behaviour resulting from activation of SuM would have some effect on cognitive performance. The last experimental design then attempted to test whether the cognitive enhancement resulting from optogenetic activation of SuMs and chemical activation of ABNs was long-term.
Retrosynthesis and Synthesis Proposal of Uvarialeptones
Authors: Ma Hoyin
Published: January 2025

Uvarialeptones A-C were isolated via phytochemical investigation into the Uvaria leptopoda. Uvarialeptones A & C specifically demonstrate SNU-1 human gastric cancer cells cytotoxicity comparable to cisplatin. Other potential biological activities of Uvaria leptopoda derivatives remain to be further investigated. Given the recorded medicinal uses of the Uvaria genus, such investigation may prove to be fruitful. Viable synthesis schemes for these compounds are crucial for further investigations. The following paper uses retrosynthetic analysis of both uvarialeptone A and C to propose a synthesis scheme. The paper provides a purely theoretical synthesis pathway of both uvarialeptone A and C, along with explanations. The paper also includes information regarding the synthesis of a similar compound, uvarialeptone B. Information regarding the reactions necessary to produce enantiopure samples of uvarialeptones is also included. This work could act as a foundation for developing an experimentally viable synthetic scheme for both uvarialeptone A and C. Further corrections and improvements may be added to this work to maximise the efficiency of synthesis.
Characterizing Initial Neuropathological Changes in Degus Brains During Alzheimers Disease Onset
Authors: Liu Yizhe
Published: January 2025

Alzheimers disease (AD) remains a major neurodegenerative disorder with no effective therapy. Around 44 million people around the globe have AD, with more than 90% of these cases being late-onset and occurring sporadically. To date, current research struggles with an incomplete understanding of the pathogenesis of AD, a lack of reliable biomarkers to establish diagnosis, and ineffective treatments, highlighting significant gaps in the field. In this study, the initial changes in the brains of degus as AD begins to develop will be identified, and these findings will be compared with non-AD brains to pinpoint primary causative factors. It is hypothesized that early changes in the brain may trigger the development of further AD lesions. Before and at this time, methods include periodic MRI and PET scans, as well as liquid biopsies of blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to monitor biomarker levels and brain changes. 3D microscopy and multiplex fluorescent immunohistochemistry will further analyze AD biomarkers effects on astrocytes and microglia. The expected outcome is to understand the spatial distribution of AD biomarkers and glial response heterogeneity, with the long-term goal of developing therapeutic strategies to inhibit early AD progression.
Comparative Efficacy of Adjuvant Chemotherapy Regimens for Breast Cancer: A Study on Cyclophosphamide and Doxorubicin (AC) Versus Paclitaxel (T) and the Impact of Biological Characteristics
Authors: Zhang Ji , Zhou Xinqi , Sun Ruolin
Published: January 2025

Background: Cyclophosphamide plus doxorubicin (AC) and single-agent paclitaxel (T) have been shown to be major and effective adjuvant chemotherapy regimens for breast cancer. Personalized treatment plans tailored to individual patient factors have demonstrated significant improvements in curative performance. This study investigated the dataset provided by the CALGB 40101 trial, a phase III randomized study that compared the efficacy of AC and T as adjuvant therapy for breast cancer. Methods: The overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) distributions grouped by several factors were described by the Kaplan-Meier method. Additionally, the impact of various factors on the OS and DFS was observed by the Cox proportional hazard model. By stratifying data into different subgroups, the model also showed the association between the characteristics and the efficacy of different regimens. Results: A significant impact of the agents on OS was observed and the HR was 1.279, while different treatment durations did not show a significant association with OS. Also, the agent significantly affected DFS, while a significant difference grouped by duration was not observed. Furthermore, factors, such as tumor size and age, significantly increased the hazard of mortality and relapse. Conclusion: The efficacy of AC and T had significant differences when treating breast cancer as adjuvant therapy, while the treatment duration did not show a significant impact. Also, age, tumor size, receptor status, and histologic grade significantly affect overall or disease-free survival.
Test of Synergy Between ESG Performance and Financial Performance
Authors: Zhang Guodong
Published: January 2025

Most scholars focus on the unidirectional positive or negative impact of ESG performance on financial performance, with few studies analyzing the bidirectional causal relationship between corporate ESG performance and its financial performance. The article adopts the PVAR model to consider the ESG performance and financial performance of sample companies as endogenous variables, and conducts systematic generalized moment estimation, impulse response function analysis, and variance decomposition analysis. Research has shown that good ESG performance contributes to improved financial performance, and there is a positive synergistic effect between ESG performance and financial performance.Therefore, companies need to integrate their responsibility practices with their business models, viewing them as strategic tools for sustainable development; The government's mandatory regulation needs to be combined with enterprise self-regulation to form a mixed regulatory model, making it an institutional guarantee for the high-quality development of the capital market.