bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Depth–Depth of Focus Moiré Fringe Alignment via Broad-Spectrum Modulation
Authors: Yu Dajie , Liu Junbo , Zhou Ji , Sun Haifeng , Jin Chuan , Wang Jian
Published: February 2024

Alignment precision is a crucial factor that directly impacts overlay accuracy, which is one of three fundamental indicators of lithography. The alignment method based on the Moiré fringe has the advantages of a simple measurement optical path and high measurement accuracy. However, it requires strict control of the distance between the mask and wafer to ensure imaging quality. This limitation restricts its application scenarios. A depth–DOF (depth of focus) Moiré fringe alignment by broad–spectrum modulation is presented to enhance the range of the alignment signals. This method establishes a broad–spectrum Moiré fringe model based on the Talbot effect principle, and it effectively covers the width of dark field (WDF) between different wavelength imaging ranges, thereby extending the DOF range of the alignment process, and employs a hybrid of genetic algorithms and the particle-swarm optimization (GA–PSO) algorithm to combine various spectral components in a white spectrum. By calculating the optimal ratio of each wavelength and using white light incoherent illumination in combination with this ratio, it achieves the optimal DOF range of a broad–spectrum Moiré fringe imaging model. The simulation results demonstrate that the available DOF range of the alignment system has been expanded from 400 μm to 800 μm. Additionally, the alignment precision of the system was analyzed, under the same conditions, and the accuracy analysis of the noise resistance, translation amount, and tilt amount was conducted for the Moiré fringe and broad–spectrum Moiré fringe. Compared to a single wavelength, the alignment precision of the broad–spectrum Moiré fringe decreased by an average of 0.0495 nm, equivalent to a 1.5% reduction in the original alignment precision, when using a 4 μm mask and a 4.4 μm wafer. However, the alignment precision can still reach 3.795 nm, effectively enhancing the available depth of focus range and reducing the loss of alignment precision.
Immobilized Lipases—A Versatile Industrial Tool for Catalyzing Transesterification of Phytosterols Solubilized in Plant Oils to Produce Their Fatty Acid Esters
Authors: Basheer Sobhi , Masri Ramez
Published: February 2024

The conjugation of phytosterols (PSs) with fatty acids results in producing phytosterol esters (PSEs) characterized by enhanced lipophilicity and improved functional properties of major interest in food and nutraceutical applications. The use of immobilized lipases to catalyze direct transesterification reactions between PSs and plant oils to form PSEs as a green alternative to conventional chemical production methods has attracted interest during the last two decades. The low solubility of PSs in common plant oil triglycerides, typically below 3% at ambient temperatures, remains the main challenge for bringing lipase-catalyzed direct transesterification reactions of PSs and oil triglycerides to commercial scales. This study focuses on the enzymatic synthesis of PSEs starting from solubilized PSs at concentrations of up to 30% wt./wt. of oil mixtures comprising fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs), monoglycerides (MGs), diglycerides (DGs), and triglycerides (TGs) as a homogeneous medium for the direct transesterification reaction. The results of this study show for the first time that the addition of FAEEs into the reaction medium results in an alteration of the substrate preference of the enzyme, making MGs the favorite fatty acyl group donors for PSs amongst all other fatty acyl donors present in the reaction system. The proposed new enzymatic route allows starting with high concentrations of solubilized PSs, making the direct transesterification of oil glycerides attractive for the production of PSEs at industrial scales.
A Numerical Simulation of the Coal Dust Migration Law in Directional Air Drilling in a Broken Soft Coal Seam
Authors: Zhang Jie , Han Zichen , Chen Tianzhu , Yao Ningping , Yang Xianyu , Chen Chan , Cai Jihua
Published: February 2024

Abundant industrial experiences have shown that directional air drilling technology is effective for gas drainage when drilling broken and soft coal seams. In this paper, the Eulerian–Eulerian model was used to simulate the gas–solid two-phase flow behavior of compressed air transporting coal dust in broken soft coal seams. The relationship between the degree of coal dust deposition, annular air pressure law, transportation of coal dust, aforementioned factors of rotational speed, particle size, and air volume could be determined. The results indicate that the particle size plays a significant role in the transport capacity of coal dust. Smaller particle sizes and a higher airflow result in a lower deposition degree of coal dust. When the particle size of coal dust is 1.69 mm and the airflow is 300 m3/h, in the case of coal dust generation at a rate of 0.24 m3/h, the deflection angle of the coal dust collection zone is increased by 130% as the rotational speed of the drill rod is increased from 0 to 120 rpm. Similarly, the deflection angle of the coal dust collection zone is increased by 12.8% in a 500 m3/h airflow under the same condition. Additionally, fine particle-sized coal dust is transported in a spiral line. The coal dust with larger particle sizes tends to be in the middle and lower parts of the hole and move along a specific trajectory. Industrial experiences of medium-air-pressure drilling confirm that a rotary drilling speed between 80 and 120 rpm, with a minimum air volume of 400 m3/h and preferably 500 m3/h, can promote a smooth hole drilling effect and enhance the construction safety in the gas drainage process.
Noise Exposure, Prevention, and Control in Agriculture and Forestry: A Scoping Review
Authors: Cecchini Massimo , Assettati Leonardo , Rossi Pierluigi , Monarca Danilo , Riccioni Simone
Published: February 2024

Noise is a major physical hazard in agricultural activities, and numerous research activities have managed to detect its effects, resulting in surveys and measurements which help to define exposure limits, prevention methods, and control strategies. This review aims to collect and analyse the data from research studies and to provide a comprehensive overview on the subject. Thus, a set of 81 papers, gathered from the Scopus and PubMed scientific databases, has been analysed to provide information regarding the evolution of noise exposure levels over time, to highlight findings on noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), and to list strategies for noise prevention and control in agriculture. Bibliographic research showed that noise measurements between 1991 and 2022, included in scientific research on farming, forestry, and animal husbandry, mainly reported values beyond the threshold of 85 dB(A); furthermore, several research activities on NIHL showed that farmers’ family members and children are often exposed to high levels of noise. Lastly, an analysis of the prevention and control strategies over time is provided, focusing on prevention programmes, screening, and the use of hearing protection devices (HPD). The identified literature suggests that additional efforts are required in regards to machinery design relating to the socio-technical aspects of agricultural activities and that side-effects of NIHL, as well as the negative impact of noise on other risks, might deserve further investigation.
Durability Prediction of Cyclically Loaded CP-W800 Fillet Welds
Authors: Tomažinčič Dejan , Zobec Peter , Vrh Marko , Gosar Aleš , Švegelj Jurij , Muc Matic , Malnarič Vili , Klemenc Jernej , Šeruga Domen
Published: February 2024

Two methods of durability prediction of fillet welds were researched in this study. Namely, the structural Hot-Spot method and the structural stress method fe-safe Verity were applied to fatigue life estimation of a double plate lap fillet weld made of high-strength complex phase CP-W800 steel. Durability predictions were compared against available high-cycle fatigue experimental data obtained for the same weld detail and material. Both 2D and 3D finite element meshes were considered in the simulations. It was shown that comparable predictions were obtained using either the Hot-Spot method or the fe-safe Verity module in the case of the 3D FE mesh. On the contrary, a less conservative durability prediction was observed using the Hot-Spot method and a more conservative durability prediction was gained using the fe-safe Verity module in the case of the 2D FE mesh due to a different consideration of stress concentration around the weld.
Poor Motor Competence Affects Functional Capacities and Healthcare in Children and Adolescents with Obesity
Authors: Vandoni Matteo , Marin Luca , Cavallo Caterina , Gatti Alessandro , Grazi Roberta , Albanese Ilaria , Taranto Silvia , Silvestri Dario , Di Carlo Eleonora , Patanè Pamela , Carnevale Pellino Vittoria , Zuccotti Gianvincenzo , Calcaterra Valeria
Published: February 2024

Background: From a young age, children learn different motor skills known as fundamental motor skills. The acquisition of these skills is crucial for the future development of context-tailored actions that could improve adherence to physical activity (PA) practice. Motor competence and function deficits have been associated with pediatric obesity. We reviewed the literature data regarding motor competence in pediatrics and impaired motor performance in children and adolescents with obesity. Methods: We assessed the abstracts of the available literature (n = 110) and reviewed the full texts of potentially relevant articles (n = 65) that were analyzed to provide a critical discussion. Results: Children and adolescents with obesity show impaired motor performance, executive functions, postural control, and motor coordination. Children’s age represents a crucial point in the development of motor skills. Early interventions are crucial to preventing declines in motor proficiency and impacting children’s PA and overall fitness levels. Conclusions: To involve children, the PA protocol must be fun and tailored in consideration of several aspects, such as clinical picture, level of physical fitness, and motor skills. A supervised adapted exercise program is useful to personalized PA programs from an early pediatric age.
Effect of Number of Layers on Tensile and Flexural Behavior of Cementitious Composites Reinforced with a New Sisal Fabric
Authors: Arruda Filho Adilson Brito de , Lima Paulo Roberto Lopes , Carvalho Ricardo Fernandes , Gomes Otavio da Fonseca Martins , Filho Romildo Dias Toledo
Published: February 2024

The use of fabric in reinforcing cement-based materials expands their applications for various types of construction elements. Additionally, employing renewable sources of plant-based fabrics contributes to reducing the environmental impact of the construction industry. However, the variability in the properties of plant fibers and fabrics necessitates prior studies to confirm their effectiveness as reinforcement materials. In this study, a new sisal fabric was produced and utilized as reinforcement in cement-based matrix composites. The sisal fibers, yarns, and fabrics produced were tested under direct tension. Five composites were manufactured by manual lamination, with reinforcement ranging from one to five layers, and were subjected to direct tension and flexural testing. The results indicate that, while the fiber shows brittle failure, the yarn and fabric exhibit a gradual loss of strength after reaching the maximum tension. All composites display strain-hardening and deflection-hardening behavior, with multiple cracking and an increase in tension and deformation before rupture. The mechanical properties exhibited improvement with an increase in the number of layers, and composites with four and five layers displayed distinct behavior, demonstrating increased stiffness after the occurrence of multiple cracking and a better mechanical performance, qualifying them for use as a construction element.
Risk Screening Tools Could Potentially Miss HIV-Positive Individuals Who Seek Testing Services: A Secondary Program Data Analysis on the Performance Characteristics of an Adolescent and Adult HIV Risk Screening Tool in Uganda
Authors: Lubega Marvin , Guerra Katherine , Ginivan Megan , Kamuntu Yewande , Senyama George , Musoke Andrew , Gambanga Fiona , Khan Shaukat , Taasi Geoffrey , Nalubega Sylivia , Matovu John Bosco Junior
Published: February 2024

Improving HIV testing efficiency saves financial and material resources for health. We conducted a secondary data analysis of routinely collected HIV risk-screening program data in Uganda, from October to November 2019, to determine the performance characteristics of the adolescent and adult HIV risk screening tools in public health facilities. A total of 19,854 clients had been screened for HIV testing eligibility and tested for HIV. The overall positivity rate (cluster-weighted prevalence of HIV) among those screened was 4.5% (95% CI: 4.1–4.8) versus 3.71% (95% CI: 3.06–4.50) among those not screened. The sensitivity and specificity of the risk screening tool were 91% (95% CI: 89–93) and 25% (24.2–26), respectively. With screening, the number needed to test to identify one PLHIV was reduced from 27 to 22. Although risk screening would have led to a 24.5% (4825/19,704) reduction in testing volume, 9.3% (68/732) of PLHIV would have been missed and be misclassified as not eligible for testing. The cost saving per PLHIV identified was minimally reduced by 3% from USD 69 without screening to USD 66.9 with screening. Since the treatment-adjusted prevalence of HIV is dropping globally, overzealous use of risk screening tools to determine who to test or not carries the potential of missing PLHIV due to their limited specificity. We recommend the use of scientifically validated HIV risk screening tools, and a need to explore the use of HIV self-testing as a test for tirage to minimize misclassification of people who seek HIV testing services.
Contemplating the Fate of Modified Gravity
Authors: Golovnev Alexey , Guzmán María-José
Published: February 2024

Possible models of modified gravity are being extensively studied now, with most phenomenological motivations coming from puzzles and tensions in cosmology due to a natural desire to better fit the known and newly coming data. At the same time, available experimental evidence is limited for testing gravity as a force beyond the regimes in which the theory of general relativity has proven to be successful. This situation leads researchers to look for “the simplest modification” to general relativity in a certain class of models, which is enough to solve one or more problems. As a result, we are lost amid a variety of theories with no deeper guiding principle. We give a general review of existing approaches and discuss the current state of the art.
The Needs and Requirements of People with Disabilities for Frequent Movement in Cities: Insights from Qualitative and Quantitative Data of the TRIPS Project
Authors: Hatzakis Tally , Alčiauskaitė Laura , König Alexandra
Published: February 2024

Moving is an indispensable component of travelling. This paper discusses the experiences of persons with disabilities when moving around cities on foot or wheels, based on research conducted during the EU-funded project TRIPS. Findings comprise participants’ vignettes from 49 interviews in seven European cities, views on smart assistive technologies (e.g., Augmented Reality) from a pan-European quantitative survey, and design concepts related to walking based on a co-creation workshop that actively engaged persons with various types of disabilities in ideation. Findings suggest that people need reliable and clear wayfaring information on accessible travel routes featuring the coordinated design of streets, pavement, stops, stations, and vehicles to ensure seamless, step-free, and obstacle-free access, as well as disability-sensitive management of disruptions such as maintenance works, for example. Findings also suggest that users are open to using any assistive technology that can enable them to live more independently, assuming it is accessible, and are keen to co-innovate. Finally, we make recommendations for policy changes that can facilitate the redesign of urban infrastructure to make cities more accessible for people with disabilities and drive structural changes in urban planning.
Cooperative Vehicle Localization in Multi-Sensor Multi-Vehicle Systems Based on an Interval Split Covariance Intersection Filter with Fault Detection and Exclusion
Authors: Shan Xiaoyu , Cabani Adnane , Chafouk Houcine
Published: February 2024

In the cooperative multi-sensor multi-vehicle (MSMV) localization domain, the data incest problem yields inconsistent data fusion results, thereby reducing the accuracy of vehicle localization. In order to address this problem, we propose the interval split covariance intersection filter (ISCIF). At first, the proposed ISCIF method is applied to the absolute positioning step. Then, we combine the interval constraint propagation (ICP) method and the proposed ISCIF method to realize relative positioning. Additionally, in order to enhance the robustness of the MSMV localization system, a Kullback–Leibler divergence (KLD)-based fault detection and exclusion (FDE) method is implemented in our system. Three simulations were carried out: Simulation scenarios 1 and 2 aimed to assess the accuracy of the proposed ISCIF with various capabilities of absolute vehicle positioning, while simulation scenario 3 was designed to evaluate the localization performance when faults were present. The simulation results of scenarios 1 and 2 demonstrated that our proposed vehicle localization method reduced the root mean square error (RMSE) by 8.9% and 15.5%, respectively, compared to the conventional split covariance intersection filter (SCIF) method. The simulation results of scenario 3 indicated that the implemented FDE method could effectively reduce the RMSE of vehicles (by about 55%) when faults were present in the system.
Acceleration of Composting by Addition of Clinker to Tea Leaf Compost
Authors: Morita Nobuki , Toma Yo , Ueno Hideto
Published: February 2024

The disposal of tea leaves discarded in the tea beverage market and clinker from coal-fired power plants has an impact on the environment; however, there are no reported cases of their combination for composting. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of adding clinker from a coal-fired power plant to compost based on tea leaves, an organic waste product, on the composting rate and quality. The tea leaves-only compost was designated as Clinker 0%, and composts with 20% (w/w), 40% (w/w), and 60% (w/w) tea leaves supplemented with clinker were designated as Clinker 20, 40, and 60%, respectively. Each mixed material was placed in a 35 L polypropylene container with a lid and allowed to compost for 95 days. The composting rate was evaluated by the chemical oxygen demand (COD) in hot water extract and plant tests using juvenile komatsuna (Brassica rapa var. perviridis). The addition of clinker reduced the COD at the beginning of composting by 52.0, 74.3, and 86.7% in Clinker 20, 40, and 60%, respectively, compared to Clinker 0%. Furthermore, root elongation one month after composting was inhibited by Clinker 0% (60.1% relative to distilled water), but not by the addition of clinker (91.7–102.7% relative to distilled water). This suggests that the addition of clinker to tea leaf compost may accelerate composting.
Evaluation of some consumer properties of hemp oil
Authors: Livinskaya S.A.
Published: February 2024

The largest share in the actual production and consumption of vegetable oils falls on sunflower oil and is about 86%. Meanwhile, among agricultural crops there are those that can be used for the production of vegetable oils for food and cosmetic purposes. Since 1992, a movement has begun in the world to restore hemp production, but in the Russian Federation, despite government subsidies, hemp production does not expand due to the lack of specialized equipment and diffi cult licensing. Hemp oil from the seeds of hemp (Cannabis sativa Linnaeus) is included in the country's regulations and can be circulated in the market. The oil belongs to linoleic/linolenic oils and, depending on the region of cultivation, diff ers signifi cantly in fatty acid composition. Hemp oils are characterized by the presence of 46–70% linoleic acid (C18:2, two double bonds) and 26–28% linolenic acid (C18:3). The amount of monounsaturated oleic acid is 6–16%. The amount of saturated fatty acid is 16%. In the USA, Canada, Italy, and the Czech Republic, the modern Finola variety is cultivated, the fatty acid composition of the oil of which is almost 90% represented by unsaturated fatty acids.
Development of a polarimetric thermal imager calibration method
Authors: Kolobrodov Valentyn , Sokol Bohdan
Published: February 2024

Measurement of thermal imager characteristics is important for the reliable and efficient operation of the device in various fields, including science, medicine, and industry. Incorrect measurements can lead to errors, which can be critical, especially for military-grade thermal imagers.

This article is dedicated to developing a method for monitoring the output parameters of polarimetric thermal imagers based on calibration. During calibration, the following operations are proposed: visual inspection, functionality check, measurement of polarimetric thermal imager parameters, and evaluation of measurement uncertainties. In this article, the controlled parameters of the polarimetric thermal imager are the measured for device temperature and NETD, Noise Equivalent Temperature Difference. For these parameters, a measurement model, a measurement function, and an uncertainty budget have been developed. The uncertainty budget includes only the main and most influential uncertainty components. This methodology can only be used for one type of polarimetric thermal imager, where the determination of the radiation polarization state is achieved by rotating a phase plate.
Herramientas digitales en el desempeño de los docentes: revisión sistemática
Authors: Castro-Palomino Luis , Alanya Coras Eulogio
Published: February 2024

El presente estudio aborda los cambios en el sistema educativo mundial, destacando la creciente relevancia de la educación virtual en la actualidad. El objetivo es analizar las herramientas tecnológicas utilizadas por docentes y estudiantes en el ámbito de la didáctica pedagógica virtual. Se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática mediante el método PRISMA, considerando fuentes de bases de datos como Dialnet, Redalyc, Scielo y Elsevier. Los descriptores de búsqueda fueron "Herramientas digitales" y "Desempeño docente", resultando en la identificación de 60 artículos originales publicados entre 2016 y 2022. Tras aplicar criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se seleccionaron 21 artículos para el análisis. Los hallazgos destacan la importancia de la capacitación continua del profesorado en el uso de herramientas digitales, a pesar de las dificultades como la escasa competencia digital y la resistencia al cambio. Se resalta el potencial de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) para facilitar un aprendizaje interactivo y dinámico, así como la necesidad de ajustar el currículo a las demandas actuales. Las conclusiones enfatizan la urgencia de desarrollar competencias digitales y estrategias colaborativas para abordar los desafíos de la educación virtual.
Inventário de geossítios localizados na RPPN Sítio Arqueológico Mina de Cata Branca (Itabirito-MG)
Authors: Leite Frederico Arthur Souza , Castro Paulo de Tarso Amorim
Published: February 2024

Os estudos sobre a geodiversidade e a geoconservação no estado de Minas Gerais se intensificaram de modo agudo nas primeiras décadas do século XXI. Alguns destes estudos foram realizados no município de Itabirito, inserido na porção central do Quadrilátero Ferrífero. Poucos são, ainda, os estudos que propõem mecanismos de proteção e uso sustentável dos recursos naturais, visando a geoconservação. Igualmente importante a realização de mapeamentos do território para identificar elementos da geodiversidade, estabelecendo áreas com maior concentração destes, com potenciais para o desenvolvimento de circuitos de geoturismo e ecoturismo, com a implantação de geotrilhas. O patrimônio geológico não possui um poder de regeneração em curto prazo, portanto uma vez destruído perde-se com ele parte da memória da evolução do planeta Terra. Deste modo a geoconservação mostra-se relevante, principalmente em um ambiente de atividades de mineração. O objetivo deste trabalho é realizar mapeamento de Geossítios e Sítios de Interesse da Geodiversidade, inseridos na Reserva Particular de Proteção Natural – RPPN Sítio Arqueológico Cata Branca, analisando a viabilidade de implantação de um Geomuseu na área de estudo. A partir da realização de inventário cadastral foram identificados 30 geossítios na área de estudo. As edificações presentes nos Geossítios: 1, 3, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 14, 15, 17, 20, 21 e 25, todas concebidas utilizando as jazidas minerais presentes na região, recontam o surgimento de um patrimônio geomineiro de geodiversidade muito alta. Este fato, associado ao significativo número de geossítios inventariados (30) dentro da área de estudo, e a vetorização dos 5 trechos que compõem a Rota Centenária, demonstram que a área de estudo possui características que a colocam como potencial para a criação do Geomuseu de Itabirito.
Observação de aves no Parque Estadual dos Três Picos: uso público e Educação Ambiental
Authors: Felizardo Felipe César Renne , Barcellos Saulo José de Araujo , Pereira Érika de Freitas , Balochini Vanessa Corrêa , Santori Ricardo Tadeu
Published: February 2024

A observação de aves é uma atividade ligada à natureza que tem se tornado cada vez mais comum na população e possui múltiplas potencialidades. Entre uma das suas potencialidades, pode-se citá-la como ferramenta de conscientização de sujeitos mais críticos a partir de uma ética do cuidado planetário. Neste artigo, objetivou-se fazer um levantamento da avifauna em trilhas do Parque Estadual dos Três Picos a fim contribuir para a prática da observação de aves e assim contribuir para a Educação Ambiental, uso público e ecoturismo na unidade de conservação. O trabalho foi desenvolvido em três trilhas da sede Jequitibá, no Parque Estadual dos Três Picos, município de Cachoeiras de Macacu (RJ). As trilhas foram percorridas entre agosto de 2013 e outubro de 2017 e as aves observadas foram fotografadas durante as sessões de amostragem. Para orientar os visitantes, principalmente observadores de aves, as trilhas foram detalhadamente descritas e caracterizadas quanto ao seu nível de dificuldade segundo critérios utilizados no montanhismo. Foram registradas ao todo 97 espécies de aves, distribuídas em 15 ordens. A ordem Passeriformes foi a que apresentou o maior número de espécies. Dentre as famílias, Thraupidae (Passeriformes), foi a que apresentou maior riqueza, com 20 espécies. O nível de dificuldade das trilhas pode ser classificado como de leve a moderado, variando entre elas o tipo de piso, inclinação, insolação e sinalização. Na trilha Estrada do Jequitibá e Pátio foi registrada a maior riqueza de espécies (n=78 espécies). Ressalta-se a importância desse levantamento da avifauna para a complementação de atividades como estratégia de facilitação de atividades em trilhas, a promoção de futuras atividades de interpretação e Educação Ambiental, além de realçar a importância da construção de práticas dialógicas com a comunidade local e estimular a prática de ecoturismo sustentável dos visitantes desta unidade de conservação em longo prazo e de maneira contínua, como mais uma estratégia de conservação do patrimônio socioambiental.
Observação de aves em São Francisco de Paula (RS): metodologia para reconhecer os melhores destinos
Authors: Luz Diego Ariel , Hoffmann Diego , De Araújo Francielle Paulina
Published: February 2024

São Francisco de Paula (RS) tem começado a se destacar como um destino importante para o ecoturismo. No entanto, ainda é pouco divulgado para quem busca o turismo de observação de aves. Este estudo teve por objetivo avaliar as espécies de aves já registradas no município e propor uma metodologia mais refinada para reconhecer os melhores destinos para a prática de observação de aves. Foram consideradas características de interesse para a observação e a adição de um índice de possibilidade de observação das espécies no município, sendo utilizado dados disponibilizados na plataforma de fotos e registros Wikiaves. Foram registradas 329 espécies de aves para o município, e após a aplicação do limiar de seleção proposto, foram classificadas e ranqueadas 62 espécies atrativas. As espécies Heteroxolmis dominicanus (noivinha-de-rabo-preto) e Xanthopsar flavus (veste-amarela) foram identificadas como as espécies com os maiores potenciais para observação, unificando o interesse/apelo para observação e a possibilidade de observá-las. Investimentos no desenvolvimento deste tipo de turismo podem resultar em ações conservacionistas, considerando que boa parte dos observadores de aves costumam dar preferência por visitar áreas onde existem remanescentes de vegetação nativa. A gestão pública, em todas as esferas, pode contribuir para este ramo do turismo, buscando investir em infraestruturas, bem como na formação de profissionais capacitados para fomentar esta atividade na região.
Os serviços ecossistêmicos de cultura e amenidades no Parque Natural Municipal Rego dos Carrapatos em Nova Lima (MG)
Authors: Pereira Diego Luiz Carvalho de Brito , Oliveira Junior Arnaldo Freitas de , Alves Kerley dos Santos
Published: February 2024

O presente artigo busca identificar os serviços ecossistêmicos de cultura e amenidades existentes no Parque Natural Municipal Rego dos Carrapatos, localizado em Nova Lima (MG). Aborda-se a Educação Ambiental como instrumento para o desenvolvimento da área. Enquanto metodologia, foram adotados três procedimentos: pesquisa bibliográfica, aplicação de pesquisa, visitas in loco para percepção dos serviços ecossistêmicos, além da tabulação e análise dos dados. Participaram da pesquisa 60 pessoas, sendo a maioria moradora de Nova Lima com pós-graduação completa. Conclui-se que a unidade de conservação é muito conhecida pela população, apresentando potencial para fomento às práticas de Educação Ambiental como as trilhas.
Percepção da população urbana de Presidente Médici (RO) acerca das mudanças climáticas e seu impacto sobre a disponibilidade hídrica
Authors: Oliveira Lucianeda Silva Carvalho , Amaral Rodrigo Vieira Alves , Hurtado Fernanda Bay
Published: February 2024

As mudanças climáticas e a crise hídrica tornaram-se temas cada vez mais presentes no cotidiano da vida humana. O presente trabalho objetivou verificar a percepção que os munícipes de Presidente Médici (RO) têm sobre as mudanças climáticas e a crise hídrica, além de averiguar quais os hábitos que adotaram para economia da água em suas casas. Nesse sentido, foram aplicados 140 questionários, entre outros procedimentos metodológicos. Os resultados demonstraram que 100% dos respondentes já ouviram a respeito do tema; 41,4% usam diversos métodos de economia no uso da água e 22,9% usam alguns métodos para a redução no desperdício e reaproveitamento da água. Foi possível constatar que a comunidade conhece superficialmente o assunto abordado. Identificou-se também que a Educação Ambiental é de suma importância para solidificação do conhecimento e conscientização da comunidade.
Desafios socioambientais e o papel da formação continuada de professores em Educação Ambiental
Authors: Moura Wilson Antonio Lopes de , Bonzanini Taitiâny Kárita
Published: February 2024

Considerando que a formação continuada de professores em Educação Ambiental é crucial para a implementação de políticas públicas voltadas à superação dos desafios socioambientais, este estudo busca analisar o impacto de um curso de formação continuada de professores no desenvolvimento de estratégias públicas municipais no que tange a questões ambientais. Por meio de uma metodologia qualitativa, a pesquisa se valeu de questionários e entrevistas com docentes e gestores de uma cidade do interior de São Paulo. Os resultados indicam que diversas políticas podem inspirar ações educativas, visto que muitos docentes as incorporam em suas práticas pedagógicas. Essas ações, no contexto escolar, oferecem múltiplos caminhos para a implementação de políticas públicas sobre questões socioambientais, desde a formação de conselhos como o COMDEMA e programas como o ProMEA, até a possibilidade de parcerias com gestores locais para fornecer recursos didáticos e expandir o aprendizado para além das salas de aula, alinhando-se com diretrizes da BNCC e incentivando práticas sustentáveis e colaborações interdisciplinares. A formação continuada de professores em Educação Ambiental não apenas atualiza os educadores sobre práticas e pesquisas recentes, mas também contribui para o desenvolvimento de metodologias diversificadas, fomenta a ecocidadania e possibilita um papel mais ativo na implementação de políticas públicas, servindo como uma ponte entre o currículo formal e as necessidades específicas da comunidade. Destaca-se para a efetivação dessa integração a necessidade de três elementos: a estrutura curricular, os materiais didáticos e a colaboração entre a Secretaria Municipal de Educação e outras secretarias municipais, como a do Meio Ambiente.
Por uma Educação Ambiental crítica para entender as condições de vulnerabilidades dos alunos de cursinhos populares em Belém (PA, Brazil)
Authors: Leal Marcos Vinícius Sousa
Published: February 2024

Este artigo investiga se a Educação Ambiental crítica pode mitigar as vulnerabilidades de estudantes de cursinhos populares em Belém. O objetivo geral é compreender a Educação Ambiental como uma ferramenta capaz de confrontar as vulnerabilidades dos vestibulandos e criar cenários transformadores por meio da educação crítica. A metodologia emprega a análise dos cursinhos e a implementação prática de questionários para coleta de dados. A pesquisa revela que desafios atuais, como falta de recursos financeiros, desigualdades sociais, pobreza e acesso limitado à educação, que impactam os estudantes. Conclui-se que a Educação Ambiental crítica surge como uma resposta eficaz para enfrentar tais vulnerabilidades.
Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients on Home Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Shah Silvi , Weinhandl Eric , Gupta Nupur , Leonard Anthony C. , Christianson Annette L. , Thakar Charuhas V.
Published: February 2024

Key Points

Home hemodialysis is associated with decreased risk of stroke and acute coronary syndrome relative to peritoneal dialysis.

Home hemodialysis is associated with decreased risk of cardiovascular death and all-cause death relative to peritoneal dialysis.

Background

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with ESKD. Little is known about differences in cardiovascular outcomes between home hemodialysis (HHD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD).

Methods

We evaluated 68,645 patients who initiated home dialysis between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2018, using the United States Renal Data System with linked Medicare claims. Rates for incident cardiovascular events of acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, and stroke hospitalizations were determined. Using adjusted time-to-event models, the associations of type of home dialysis modality with the outcomes of incident cardiovascular events, cardiovascular death, and all-cause death were examined.

Results

Mean age of patients in the study cohort was 64±15 years, and 42.3% were women. The mean time of follow-up was 1.8±1.6 years. The unadjusted cardiovascular event rate was 95.1 per thousand person-years (PTPY) (95% confidence interval [CI], 93.6 to 96.8), with a higher rate in patients on HHD than on PD (127.8 PTPY; 95% CI, 118.9 to 137.2 versus 93.3 PTPY; 95% CI, 91.5 to 95.1). However, HHD was associated with a slightly lower adjusted risk of cardiovascular events than PD (hazard ratio [HR], 0.92; 95% CI, 0.85 to 0.997). Compared with patients on PD, patients on HHD had 42% lower adjusted risk of stroke (HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.71), 17% lower adjusted risk of acute coronary syndrome (HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.72 to 0.95), and no difference in risk of heart failure (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.94 to 1.16). HHD was associated with 22% lower adjusted risk of cardiovascular death (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.71 to 0.86) and 8% lower adjusted risk of all-cause death (HR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.87 to 0.97) as compared with PD.

Conclusions

Relative to PD, HHD is associated with decreased risk of stroke, acute coronary syndrome, cardiovascular death, and all-cause death. Further studies are needed to better understand the factors associated with differences in cardiovascular outcomes by type of home dialysis modality in patients with kidney failure.
Macrophage Ontogeny, Phenotype, and Function in Ischemia Reperfusion-Induced Injury and Repair
Authors: Maryam Bibi , Smith Morgan E. , Miller Sarah J. , Natarajan Hariharasudan , Zimmerman Kurt A.
Published: February 2024

AKI is characterized by a sudden, and usually reversible, decline in kidney function. In mice, ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) is commonly used to model the pathophysiologic features of clinical AKI. Macrophages are a unifying feature of IRI as they regulate both the initial injury response as well as the long-term outcome following resolution of injury. Initially, macrophages in the kidney take on a proinflammatory phenotype characterized by the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as CCL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein 1), IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Release of these proinflammatory cytokines leads to tissue damage. After resolution of the initial injury, macrophages take on a reparative role, aiding in tissue repair and restoration of kidney function. By contrast, failure to resolve the initial injury results in prolonged inflammatory macrophage accumulation and increased kidney damage, fibrosis, and the eventual development of CKD. Despite the extensive amount of literature that has ascribed these functions to M1/M2 macrophages, a recent paradigm shift in the macrophage field now defines macrophages on the basis of their ontological origin, namely monocyte-derived and tissue-resident macrophages. In this review, we focus on macrophage phenotype and function during IRI-induced injury, repair, and transition to CKD using both the classic (M1/M2) and novel (ontological origin) definition of kidney macrophages.
Meio ambiente na engenharia mecânica: desafios e oportunidades na formação de profissionais conscientes e sustentáveis
Authors: Mendes Emelly Silva
Published: February 2024

A procura pela criação de tecnologias sustentáveis e a adoção de estratégias ecologicamente corretas constituem apenas algumas das maneiras pelas quais a Engenharia Mecânica pode desempenhar um papel essencial na busca pelo equilíbrio entre o progresso tecnológico e a preservação ambiental. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar a percepção dos alunos quanto às aulas de educação ambiental no curso de Engenharia Mecânica da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU). Nas faculdades de engenharia é comum que a disciplina de Meio Ambiente seja introduzida no início do curso, abordando apenas os conceitos ambientais anteriormente adquiridos durante o ensino médio. Os resultados obtidos revelaram que a maior porcentagem dos estudantes iniciantes (29,9 %) e residentes (36,4 %) no curso, consideram ter sido pouco influenciados pela disciplina. Essa observação demonstra a necessidade de estabelecer uma conexão, entre o estudo técnico e ambiental, que possa enriquecer a experiência educacional dos alunos. Conclui-se que a disciplina de Meio Ambiente, quando estrategicamente posicionada, pode influenciar uma nova geração de engenheiros dedicados à sustentabilidade, fortalecendo a sensibilização ambiental ao longo da formação acadêmica.
Case report: juvenile paracoccidioidomycosis with intestinal involvement
Authors: Da Silva Juan Felipe Galvão , Oliveira Yohan Dallazen , Alves Ludmila Raynner Carvalho , Sousa Marina Isabela de Paula , Dias Regyane Ferreira Guimarães , Da Silva Iasmin Ramos , De Menezes Filho Hélio Ranes
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Contact of Paracoccidioides sp. with the human organism presents in a variety of clinical forms of the disease. Intestinal clinical manifestation is found in 10 to 30% of cases, commonly in juvenile form. This case report seeks to describe a patient with juvenile paracoccidioidomycosis with atypical intestinal involvement. Case report: A 14 years old woman with an updated vaccination schedule and no reports of chronic diseases, allergies or continued use of medications, presented a diarrheal condition that was characterized by pasty stools, where episodes became gradually more intense, associated with episodes of hematochezia, retroauricular lymphadenopathy on the right, as well as shivering and fever. A colonoscopy revealed multiple polypoid formations, ulcerations and friability throughout the colon. After biopsy results, the diagnosis of Paracoccidioidomycosis with intestinal involvement was established. Due to the wasting syndrome, anemia and persistent diarrhea, the patient was hospitalized for blood transfusion and intravenous treatment with conventional Amphotericin B. Discussion: Unlike what was presented by the patient in this case, involvement of the gastrointestinal tract is uncommon in paracoccidioidomycosis. This disease presents a range of clinical manifestations, which makes diagnosis difficult. Since this type of infection is not always considered, it may result in underdiagnosed cases, especially in women and young adults. The prognosis depends on the initial severity of the disease, the presence of comorbidities and the treatment used. Conclusion: Especially for the intestinal form, earlier treatment will better the results. The disease has a good chance of effective treatment using antifungal therapy.
Polícia Militar do Paraná através das mídias sociais e a sua ligação com a filosofia da Polícia Comunitária
Authors: Da Silva Jéssica Simeão Carneiro , Silva Luiz Fernando Bittencourt
Published: February 2024

O objetivo geral deste estudo foi analisar a relação da polícia militar com as mídias sociais e a influência desta ligação na filosofia de polícia comunitária. Metodologicamente, tratou-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica para o desenvolvimento de uma revisão de literatura descritiva e qualitativa. Os resultados mostraram que a adequação da atuação das policias a modelos democráticos no Brasil seguiram na direção da filosofia de Polícia Comunitária e na utilização das mídias sociais, demonstrando que a rapidez e a fluidez no compartilhamento de informações colaboram no sentido de reforçar o sentido de missão de combate ao crime e na interação com a sociedade. Os benefícios da utilização das redes sociais suplantam os possíveis obstáculos, possibilitando que os policias militares impulsionem a atuação da Polícia Comunitária a outro nível. Conclui-se que, no que tange a utilização das redes sociais e da filosofia da Polícia Comunitária pela Policia Militar do Paraná, estas estão ocupando um papel crucial na comunicação com a população geral, trazendo inúmeros benefícios porque possibilitam a dinamização das conversas, a transmissão de informações importantes em pouco tempo e o alcance de grande número de indivíduos sendo positivamente favorável para alcançar a pretendida melhoria na prestação de serviços de segurança pública.
The Myth of the Price Premium
Authors: Hansen Kristoffer
Published: February 2024

A basic proposition of modern economics is the so-called price premium proposed by Irving Fisher (1907, 1922, 1930): the nominal rate of interest is composed of the real rate and a price, or inflation, premium that reflects the change in the value of money. Murray Rothbard offered a critique of Fisher’s interest theory, arguing that the price premium is largely nonexistent and proposing in its stead a terms-of-trade premium (Rothbard 2009). In the present article, we argue that Rothbard’s critique is fundamentally correct. Fisher’s price premium is an incoherent concept that does not correctly reflect monetary and financial reality. Instead we combine Rothbard’s terms-of-trade component with Mises’s (1953, 1998) understanding of inflation and interest to suggest a Mises-Rothbard premium based on the Cantillon effect as the correct understanding of the relation between money and interest. This approach allows us to explain the experience of persistently low interest rates over recent decades as a result of money creation.
Geografías desordenadas
Authors:   , Parra Alejandra Leonor
Published: February 2024

La tesis estudia las distintas formas que adquiere el género epistolar en la obra de Juan Gelman, Mauricio Rosencof y Nora Strejilevich, autores que comparten una misma tradición judía y han sido sometidos a situaciones de exilio/insilio/inxilio en el marco de la dictadura cívico-militar argentina y uruguaya respectivamente. Bajo esta perspectiva, analizo las cartas que aparecen evocadas, las que determinan la configuración discursiva de una obra y aquellas que han sido incorporadas a la misma de forma literal, en diálogo con las cartas reales que ofician de documento de archivo. Todas ellas constituyen una trama transtextual de carácter veredictivo que sostiene la narrativa del testimonio individual y colectivo, permite analizar los vínculos entre literatura y política y trazar memorias multidireccionales con el pasado genealógico de persecución que portan los autores.
Pengaruh Metode Snowball Throwing Pada Model Pembelajaran Discovery Terhadap Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas X Mia Man 1 Sidrap (Studi Pada Materi Pokok Sistem Periodik Unsur)
Authors: Muniratuzahra Muniratuzahra , Salempa Pince , Ramdani Ramdani
Published: February 2024

This research aims to determine the effect of the snowball throwing method on the discovery learning model of students learning outcomes in the subject matter of the Periodic System of Elements. The Research Population of all students in X MIA MAN 1 SIDRAP, period 2018/2019. The sample of 29 people in class X MIA 2 as an experimental group was taught by the snowball throwing method in the discovery learning model and 29 people in class X MIA 1 as a group control that was learned by the discovery learning model without the snowball throwing method. Data collection through student learning outcomes and questionnaire responses to research design posttest control group design. The results of the descriptive analysis showed that the average value of the experimental group using the snowball throwing method on the discovery learning model, it was higher at 73.05 compared to the control group which only used the discovery learning model without the snowball throwing method which was 69.74. The results of hypothesis testing on inferential statistics using the Mannwhitney test obtained a Zhitung value of 3.62 and at the confidence level (α) of 0.05 obtained Ztable 1.65. Therefore, Zhitung> Ztable then H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, it shows that there is a significant effect of using the snowball throwing method on the discovery learning model on the learning outcomes of class X MIA MAN 1 SIDRAP in the subject matter of the periodic system element.