bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovative Technologies in Pediatric Neuro-Oncology
Authors: Novichkova Galina A. , Papusha Ludmila I. , Druy Alexander E.
Published: January 2024

At the present time pediatric neuro-oncology develops rapidly mostly due to the deep understanding of etiology and pathogenesis of the brain tumors in children, widespread introduction of molecular genetic technologies into diagnostic workflow and emergence of targeted therapeutic agents directing to the neoplastic cells. Many tumor entities undistinguishable at the level of histopathology were classified by the molecular techniques and now present as unique disorders. Clinical heterogeneity unraveled by molecular classification is a basis for modern risk stratification approaches. Variety of new tumor entities were discovered only because of implementation of advanced molecular diagnostics, which led to identification of the recurrent genetic aberration in neuroepithelial tumors with BCOR and PATZ1 genes alteration, intracranial mesenchymal tumors with FET-CREB rearrangements. The discovery of the targetable molecular drivers in gliomas allows the introduction of targeted therapies to the pediatric neuro-oncology with high results unreachable by other methods. In the current article we describe the experience of D. Rogachev National Medical Research Center in molecular diagnostics of pediatric brain tumors and targeted therapy in patients with different types of gliomas.
Satisfaction of housing and utility service employees with the quality and conditions of health care
Authors: Bendyuk G. Ya. , Lyutsko V. V. , Dokhov M. A. , Sidorov A. A.
Published: January 2024

Providing primary health care is one of the priority areas of healthcare due to importance of early detection, treatment and prevention of diseases. The development of management decisions aimed at improving the healthcare management is impossible without taking into account patient satisfaction with the availability and quality of medical services.

Aim. To assess the satisfaction of housing and utility service employees with the quality and conditions of health care in the context of the implementation of follow-up monitoring program.

Material and methods. The study was carried out before and after the implementation of the Regulations for treatment and prevention of hypertensive employees of the Water Utility of St. Petersburg. A total of 292 people were surveyed by the questionnaire recommended by the territorial compulsory medical insurance fund of St. Petersburg. There were following evaluation criteria: for the availability of healthcare — how easy it is to make an appointment with a specialist on the day of treatment; for the quality of healthcare — satisfaction with the conditions of waiting for an appointment and medical support.

Results. The majority of respondents were satisfied with both the conditions of waiting and provision of care, the respectful and professional attitude of medical staff (satisfaction rate, 83,2%). After the implementation of the Regulations, the number of people who were completely satisfied with the waiting conditions in a medical institution increased from 80,2% to 90%. Satisfaction with the medical support increased from 83,2% to 95,7%. The share of those who were completely satisfied with the clinical setting also increased — from 75,7% to 82,3%. The number of "excellent" ratings given for the physician’s explanation of the prescribed treatment and procedures has increased (from 76,8% to 85,6%). The greatest satisfaction with the quality of care was among those aged 45-49 years.

Conclusion. The results obtained indicate that there is a connection between satisfaction and both the quality of care provided and the involvement of patients in the treatment and preventive process.
Bridges damaged during the 2019 Poldokhtar flood: towards flood-resilient bridges
Authors: Mansouri Saman , Pouraminian Majid , Noroozinejad Farsangi Ehsan
Published: January 2024

Bridges are among the most vital parts of infrastructure networks in every country, and have been seriously damaged by natural hazards such as floods and earthquakes in the past. Engineering communities have always faced challenges protecting these structures from flood hazards. Today, the world is facing climate change, with incidences of severe floods increasing globally. Flooding brings the possibility of significant bridge damage and therefore studying bridge performance under flood hazards is of vital importance. The flood in Poldokhtar, Iran, in 2019 was one of the most destructive floods in the last decade. In this research, the performance of 14 bridges during the Poldokhtar flood was reviewed and the damage incurred was assessed through field investigations. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate, based on visual inspections and engineering judgement, the different reasons and scenarios that lead to the destruction of different types of bridges during floods. The results of this study emphasise the need to estimate bridge vulnerability and develop procedures to prevent bridge destruction. The technical and statistical information on bridge destruction due to flooding obtained in this work is vital for the management and inspection systems of bridges, the retrofit of existing bridges and the design of new flood-resilient bridges.
Age- and Race-Specific Changes in ESKD Incidence over Four Decades
Authors: Fwu Chyng-Wen , Eggers Paul W. , Norton Jenna M. , Gipson Debbie S. , Kimmel Paul L. , Schulman Ivonne H. , Chan Kevin E. , Bennett Kara , Mendley Susan R.
Published: January 2024

Significance Statement

ESKD incidence has changed substantially in the past four decades, but differences by age and race have been unexplored. Using data from the United States Renal Data System, we found that ESKD incidence rose for Black and White teenagers, adults, and older adults for two decades beginning in 1980. Growth in incidence slowed for most groups by 1993, and by 2006, the annual percent change (APC) in ESKD incidence had declined for all groups, except White adults, for whom rates continued to rise. By 2019, ESKD incidence among Black and White adolescents nearly returned to 1980 levels, but no other group achieved that degree of improvement. Nonetheless, the ESKD incidence rate among Black American patients exceeds that of White patients in every age group. Distinct patterns in ESKD incidence among patients of different age, sex, and racial groups are shown. These findings could reflect changes in dialysis acceptance rates, access to preventive health care, incidence of diabetes mellitus, implementation of evidence-based guidelines for treatment of CKD, or other unrecognized factors. There may be population-specific opportunities to change the growth of the US ESKD population and address current racial disparities.

Background

Substantial changes in ESKD incidence over four decades among Black and White Americans of different ages have been incompletely explored.

Methods

We analyzed United States Renal Data System data from 1980 to 2019 to determine ESKD incidence trends among Black and White adolescent (13–17 years), adult (18–64 years), and older adult (≥65) populations. We used the National Cancer Institute Joinpoint Regression Program to estimate annual percent change (APC) in ESKD incidence and to define points in time where a statistically significant change in APC slope occurred for each group.

Results

ESKD incidence rose after 1980 for all groups, although the trends differed (P < 0.001). Growth in incidence slowed for most by 1993, and by 2006, the APC in ESKD incidence had declined for all groups, except White adults, for whom rates continued to rise (P < 0.05). By 2019, ESKD incidence among Black and White adolescents nearly returned to 1980 levels, but no other group achieved that degree of improvement. Nonetheless, the ESKD incidence among Black American patients exceeds that of White patients in every age group.

Conclusions

Distinct patterns in ESKD incidence among patients of different age, sex, and racial groups are shown. These findings could reflect changes in dialysis acceptance rates, access to preventive health care, incidence of diabetes mellitus, implementation of evidence-based guidelines for treatment of CKD, or other unrecognized factors.

Podcast

This article contains a podcast at https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/JASN/2024_03_13_ASN0000000000000310.mp3
BUROCRACIA DE MÉDIO ESCALÃO E FINANCIAMENTO DO ESPORTE UNIVERSITÁRIO
Authors: SANTOS ERASMO BRAZ DOS , DOWBOR MONIKA WERONIKA
Published: January 2024

Introdução: A Burocracia de Médio Escalão (BME) atua na implementação de política pública e tem ação endógena no Estado. Com papéis técnico-gerencial e técnico-político, é relevante no esporte universitário (EU), carente de regramento robusto e de financiamento. Objetivo: Verificar numa perspectiva relacional as ações técnica-gerencial e técnica-política que a BME realizou para garantir o financiamento do esporte universitário na Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT). Métodos: Pesquisa qualitativa, com coleta de dados via entrevista semiestruturada com quatro BMEs do EU da UFMT e documentos. A análise dos dados foi via técnica de análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Os documentos não revelaram a existência de financiamento do esporte universitário. A BME conseguiu via perspectiva relacional a adoção de um orçamento específico com crescimento linear, porém devido a contingenciamentos seguidos por austeridade fiscal dos governos e evento pandêmico, houve uma drástica redução do financiamento. Conclusão: A BME se tornou elemento imprescindível para o esporte universitário da UFMT, exercitando seus papéis técnico-gerencial e técnico-político, ainda que não tenha conseguido evitar a redução drástica do financiamento causado por mudanças interna e externa e pela ausência de um regramento robusto.
Effects of remimazolam combined with remifentanil on quality of recovery after ambulatory hysteroscopic surgery: a prospective, observational study
Authors: Park Insun , Kim Junkyu , Chung Seung Hyun , Na Hyo-Seok , Do Sang-Hwan
Published: January 2024

Background: Remimazolam, a new benzodiazepine, is known for its quick onset of effects and recovery time. Recently, it has been licensed for general anesthesia and sedation in Korea and its use is increasing in other countries. However, less is known about its effect on postoperative recovery. We used a patient-reported outcome questionnaire to examine the effect of remimazolam on postoperative recovery.Methods: Patients who underwent hysteroscopy on day surgery basis were administered an induction dose of remimazolam 6 mg/kg/h followed by a maintenance dose of 1–2 mg/kg/h. After surgery, the translated Korean version of 15-item Quality of Recovery scale (QoR-15K) including post-discharge nausea and vomiting (PDNV) and/or pain, was surveyed 24 h after surgery to evaluate patient recovery.Results: Total of 38 patients were enrolled in this prospective, observational study. All patients successfully completed QoR-15K. Only one patient scored low for moderate pain and PDNV. On average, patients scored 9 and above for all QoR-15K items except for moderate pain (8.66 ± 1.68). When QoR-15K items were grouped into dimensions, all dimensions scored an average of 9 or higher on a 10-point scale. In addition, 19 out of 38 patients gave score range of 148 to 150 out of possible 150.Conclusions: Psychometric evaluation based on postoperative QoR-15K among patients receiving remimazolam shows satisfactory patient recovery profiles without significant pain or PDNV. Considering its effectiveness and safety, remimazolam could be one of useful agents for general anesthesia of day surgery in terms of postoperative recovery.
Neuromuscular monitoring of a patient with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease; which monitoring technique is adequate? - A case report and literature review -
Authors: Kim Seung Un , Kim Seora , Jung Ki Tae
Published: January 2024

Background: Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMTD) is a hereditary polyneuropathy associated with a life-threatening risk of pulmonary complications.Case: A 61-year-old male with CMTD for 40 years was admitted for the drainage of an abscess in his left ankle. Total intravenous anesthesia was administered, and an electromyography device was attached to the hand for neuromuscular monitoring; however, the response was not measured. Kinemyography and acceleromyography devices were attached to both hands, and responses were obtained. After neuromuscular blockade (NMB) with rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg, the train-of-four (TOF) response on kinemyography was normally measured, but the post-tetanic count on acceleromyography consistently showed 0 during anesthesia. Sugammadex 200 mg was injected to reverse the NMB. After 5 min, the TOF ratios for kinemyography and acceleromyography exceeded 90%. The patient recovered without any complications.Conclusions: For CMTD patients, acceleromyography or kinemyography is superior to electromyography, and sugammadex can be used to reverse NMB successfully.
Considerations regarding anesthesia for renal transplantation
Authors: Kim Hyunjee , Jung Hoon
Published: January 2024

Renal transplantation is a complex surgical procedure requiring meticulous anesthetic planning to ensure patient safety and optimal graft function. In this comprehensive review, we examined various aspects of anesthesia management during renal transplantation, including preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative care. Preoperative optimization involves the identification and management of risks to mitigate perioperative complications. Treatment with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents is recommended to correct anemia in transplant recipients with hemoglobin levels below 9–10 g/dl. Intraoperative management focuses on hemodynamic monitoring, maintenance of intravascular volume, and careful selection of anesthetic techniques. Neuromuscular monitoring and the appropriate use of neuromuscular blocking and reversal agents are considered essential. Further, hemodynamic goals include maintaining the mean arterial pressure within the range of 80–110 mmHg. In addition, attention should be paid to perioperative glycemic control, temperature management, and diuretic use. In postoperative management, multimodal analgesia and the prevention of postoperative delirium contribute to optimal recovery. The implementation of enhanced recovery after surgery principles can further improve outcomes. Collaborative efforts among surgical teams, anesthesiologists, and healthcare professionals are crucial for achieving successful renal transplantation outcomes.
Maternally Inherited Diabetes and Deafness Presenting with Memory Impairment and Gait Disturbance
Authors: Lee Jung Seok
Published: January 2024

Maternally inherited diabetes and deafness (MIDD) is a disorder characterized by the occurrence of diabetes mellitus and hearing impairment at a young age, caused by point mutations in mitochondrial DNA. MIDD can be accompanied by various neurological symptoms. In this patient, memory impairment and ataxia were the predominant neurological symptoms. Herein, we report MIDD patients with the m.3243A>G mutation who present with cognitive decline and gait disturbance at the age of 59.
Optic Neuritis after Infliximab Treatment in a Patient with Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Kim Namyoung , Han Jeungwan , Park Sang Jin , Chun Yoon Shik , Ju Yohan , Kim Hyun-Jae
Published: January 2024

Optic neuritis is a rare extraintestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease. Antitumor necrosis factor alpha (anti-TNF-α) agents are essential treatment options in inflammatory bowel diseases. However, anti-TNF-α agents can implicate optic neuritis and other demyelinating diseases as complications of these agents. We report a patient of infliximab-induced optic neuritis in a patient with ulcerative colitis who was treated with high-dose steroids after discontinuation of infliximab.
Explicitation in the translation of Qurʾānic binomials: A descriptive study
Authors: Al-Otaibi Ghuzayyil Mohammed
Published: January 2024

Binomials, as a sub-type of collocation, are made of two connected words (e.g., heaven and earth). Similar to other lexical collocations, binomials can be idiomatic, ambiguous, or culture-specific. More importantly, binomials are found more commonly in religious texts such as the Holy Qurʾān. However, binomials used in the Holy Qurʾān are in general under-researched. Hence, using the parallel corpus (i.e., the Quranic Arabic Corpus) of the Holy Qurʾān, which includes the original Arabic text (i.e., sūrahs 'chapters') and seven translations by Sahih International and those by Pickthall, Yusuf Ali, Shakir, Muhammad Sarwar, Hilali-Khan, and Arberry, this study focuses on explicating shifts employed by seven translators in their translations of 120 Qurʾānic binomials. Therefore, the study is descriptive in the form of a textual analysis. The results indicate that less than half of the translations were explicated compared to less than a quarter being normalized (i.e., with maintained collocability). Explicating shifts were mainly undertaken by Hilali-Khan, Yusuf Ali, and Sarwar. However, Sahih and Arberry used only a few explicating shifts. Additionally, explicating shifts basically involve those of explicative paraphrasing, complete and partial rank shifts, clitic or affix explicitation, and repetition. As noted by in this study, translating scriptures literally may result in optional explicating shifts that are mainly redundant. Hence, redundant explicitation shifts should be avoided as they may sometimes hinder processability.
Toplumların Dijital Dönüşüm Aracı Olarak Yapay Zekâ Çalışmaları: Türkiye’nin ve Türk Devletleri Teşkilatının Yapay Zekâ Kullanımı Üzerine Bir Analiz
Authors: KAVUT Sevgi
Published: January 2024

Yapay zekâ teknolojisinin gelişimiyle birlikte algoritmik devlet, bilgi devleti (i-devlet), yapay zekâ devleti, yapay zekâ bakanlığı, yapay zekâ bürokrasisi, akıllı devlet gibi ülkelerin ve toplumların yönetim süreçlerini de kapsayan birçok alanda yeni kavramlar ve uygulamalar ortaya çıkmıştır. Günümüzde yapay zekâ toplumların gelişimi ve dijital dönüşümünde birinci gündem maddesi olarak yer almaktadır. Yeni iletişim teknolojilerinin sağladığı olanaklarla toplumlarda yapay zekâ rekabeti hız kazanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’nin ve Türk Devletleri Teşkilatı üyesi ülkelerin dijitalleşme süreçlerinde yapay zekâ alanında yapmış oldukları çalışmaları analiz etmektir. Araştırma, 2010 ve 2022 yılları arasında Google Scholar veri tabanında Türk Konseyi ve Türk Devletleri Teşkilatı hakkında yayınlanmış çalışmalar üzerinde içerik analizi yöntemi kullanımıyla yürütülmüştür. Yapay zekâ çalışmalarının hükümeti ve toplumsal kurumları güçlendirdiği bilinmektedir. Ancak yapay zekâ üzerine yapılan çalışmalar incelendiğinde yapay zekâ ile Türk Konseyi ve yeni adıyla Türk Devletleri Teşkilatını bütünleştiren çalışmaların oranı sadece yüzde 1.72 olarak bulunmuştur. Türkiye’nin e-devlet aşamasında olduğu ve yeni yapay zekâ atılımları ile algoritmik ve akıllı devlet olma yolunda ilerlediği görülmüştür. Bu çalışmanın yapay zekâ, yapay zekâ ve toplum, yapay zekâ ve devlet, dijital dönüşüm alanında yapılacak yeni çalışmalara kaynak oluşturması hedeflenmiştir.
Determining the Thermal Insulation Thickness for Flat Roofs of Buildings in Jalalabad City Considering Different Seasons
Authors: Shenwari Akhtar Mohammad , Tanha Mohammad Essa , Khaliqi Zalmay
Published: January 2024

This research was carried out under the title of Selection of Thermal Insulation Thickness for Flat Roofs in Jalalabad City in Different Seasons. The main purpose of this study is to determine the thickness of different thermal insulation materials in the structures according to the winter and summer climate conditions to ensure that the economically appropriate thickness of thermal insulation materials is selected in the flat roofs, and the selection of the thickness of the thermal insulation materials in the structure of the flat roofs is noticed by urban planners, structural engineers, and building owners. In addition, another importance of this research is that, based on the determination of the thickness of thermal insulation materials in the flat roofs of buildings, we can sufficiently reduce the consumption of gas, electricity, and natural fuel to provide mechanical energy in buildings in Jalalabad city.In this study, three samples of flat roofs from the buildings constructed in Jalalabad city were considered. In the first sample, cement plaster, RCC slab, Vapor insulation(bitumen), heat insulation extrude polystyrene, cement concrete, and ceramics were used. In the second sample cement plaster, reinforced concrete, vapor insulation (batmen), heat insulation mineral Faber block and waterproof PVC sheet, were used, and also in the third sample, gypsum plaster, cement plaster, reinforced concrete slab, vapor insulation (batmen) heat insulation dry soil (silt) and bricks of chukka, have been used respectively.The thickness of the different thermal insulation materials of flat roofs mentioned above in the three samples should prevent the loss of heat transfer from outside to inside in summer and from inside to outside in winter. With the help of reliable works of the world, it has been calculated that from the three samples mentioned above, the thickness of the thermal insulation material of the first sample, where polystyrene was used as the insulation material, is 0.055m; for the second sample, where mineral cotton boards were used as insulation material, it is 0.05 m; and for the third sample, where silt was used as insulation material, it is 0.1m. Insulation materials used in the second sample are superior considering the type and thickness of the material, technical-economical characteristics, and age characteristics.
Practice and Reflection on the Teaching of Case Studies in Theory and Technology of Railway Engineering
Authors: Xiao Hong , Wei Shaolei , Qin Ke , Qiao Shaoshuai
Published: January 2024

China’s high-speed, heavy-haul, and urban rail transit have been vigorously developed in recent years. Some new technologies, structures, and materials have been widely used in engineering practice. At the same time, the teaching of track engineering theory and technology courses is facing a big challenge. How to combine some typical engineering cases to explain the knowledge points of the course has become an important problem to be solved. In this paper, given the characteristics of the course content of track engineering theory and technology, two typical case groups of high-speed railway longitudinal plate ballastless track interlayer disease and high-speed railway ballast track key technology are set. The teaching effect of the adopted cases is evaluated, and the results show that the teaching effect of adopting the case teaching method is good.
Thoughts on the Curriculum Construction of Japanese Majors Specialty Serving the "Belt and Road"
Authors: Li Wei , Li Xue
Published: January 2024

The training mode of Japanese majors must actively adapt to the strategic policy adjustment of national economic structure, closely meet the actual needs of national development and social progress, properly adjust the curriculum system and syllabus, and scientifically and reasonably formulate the development plan of characteristic majors, so as to promote their sustained and healthy development. This paper discusses the optimization and reform of the curriculum system for Japanese majors, actively Introducing Information Technology into Links of Japanese Major Teaching, the enhancement of the platform for improving the international ability and the construction of educational resources, and makes new thoughts on the curriculum for Japanese majors serving the “Belt and Road”. It is expected that this paper can provide useful reference for other colleges and universities.
Adecuándonos a la transición epidemiológica y cambios en la atención de la salud mental de niñas, niños y adolescentes
Authors: Casas Muñoz Abigail , Rodríguez-Caballero Aarón , Velasco-Rojano Ángel Eduardo , Loredo-Abdalá Arturo , Tapia Ponce Cynthia
Published: January 2024

Esta editorial describe de manera sintética, lo más relevante de las reformas a la Ley General de Salud en materia de Salud Mental y Adicciones, así como la importancia de llevar a cabo acciones para incorporarlas en la atención de la salud mental de niñas, niños y adolescentes. Presenta también de manera panorámica, las acciones que como institución hemos llevado a cabo para adecuarnos a la nueva normativa y a la transición epidemiológica de nuestra población.
“Âncoras na deriva simbólica” – textos como formas de cognição social
Authors: Morato Edwiges Maria
Published: January 2024

Nosso objetivo neste ensaio é refletir sobre o que tem sido chamado de abordagem sociocognitiva do texto, com foco tanto na posição epistemológica que toma o “texto como conhecimento de objetos sociais”, quanto na perspectiva que toma o texto como cognição social ou como vinculado à sociocognição. Constituem-se, em suma, de posições epistêmicas distintas quanto à relação estabelecida entre texto e cognição (complementar ou constitutiva). A opção por uma das duas posições aqui destacadas revela também acepções distintas de cognição e de social. Entre as implicações derivadas de uma e outra posição epistemológica, aventamos se haveria possibilidade de uma articulação entre ambas, baseada nas finalidades teóricas e metodológicas da análise textual, bem na reciprocidade entre forma e ancoragem sociocognitiva, e entre texto e cognição.
Relatos de experiência
Authors: Eixo Gestão - resumo simples Associação Brasileira da Rede UNIDA -
Published: January 2024

Para ver o arquivo completo, acesse o seguinte link: http://historico.redeunida.org.br/congresso2016/v-2-n-1suplem-2016/at_download/file
Trabalhos de pesquisa
Authors: Eixo Rotas Críticas - resumo simples Associação Brasileira da Rede UNIDA -
Published: January 2024

Para ver o arquivo completo, acesse o seguinte link: http://historico.redeunida.org.br/congresso2016/v-2-n-1suplem-2016/at_download/file
Relatos de experiência
Authors: Eixo Trabalho - resumo simples Associação Brasileira da Rede UNIDA -
Published: January 2024

Para ver o arquivo completo, acesse o seguinte link: http://historico.redeunida.org.br/congresso2016/v-2-n-1suplem-2016/at_download/file
Prosodic organization of formulaic expressions of sympathy in English
Authors: Kutsenko Mykola , Lahodynskyi Oleksandr
Published: January 2024

The paper is a complex study aimed at defining the prosodic organization of formulaic expressions of sympathy in English. The study is premised on the functional and communicative approaches paradigm, which enables investigating the specificity of phonetic means functions realizations as well as understanding the role of phonetic means in the realization of a speaker’s intentions and emotions while expressing sympathy. Considering the complexity of the study, it was conducted in the scope of sociocultural and psychoenergetic aspects of utterances realization, incorporating the methods of linguistic synergetics. The analysis is grounded on existing definitions of sympathy and advanced approaches to the study of emotional utterances. In our research we took into account all the factors that appear in communication and which can influence the speaker’s choice of verbal and prosodic means while expressing sympathy. Thus, it was found out that from the functional point of view, the most important feature which influences the choice of linguistic means in sympathy utterances actualization is pragmatic orientation: 1) sympathy proper (to sorrow), compassion (to understand), consolation (to console) and encouragement (to reassure). As a result, considering the pragmatic orientation of sympathy utterances makes it possible to describe the link between the prosodic means and the speaker’s intentions. All the experimental utterances were classified in accordance with their pragmatic orientation and further classified, taking into account speakers’ social statuses, their social and cultural levels, along with the levels of utterances’ emotional and pragmatic potentials. This approach allowed us to identify formulaic expressions in each of the types of sympathy expressions and analyze their prosodic organization. During the auditory analysis stage, it was found that prosodic means play a crucial part in the proper decoding of sincerity or insincerity of English utterances of sympathy. The analysis of video data enabled us to describe the interplay of paralinguistic means with phonetic, lexical and grammatical ones. The acoustic analysis stage allowed us to verify the data obtained in the process of auditory analysis.
LECOLE algorithm: readability, readability, and comprehensibility in Spanish
Authors: Pérez Elena del Pilar Jiménez , Martínez Olivia López , Berná Javier Corbalán
Published: January 2024

This article presents the conceptualization of three dimensions surrounding reading: comprehensibility, readability, and legibility. On one hand, readability and legibility for the traceability of reading according to the text, and comprehensibility, on the other hand, as the symbiosis between text and reader. From the perspective of the reader (comprehensibility, ability, and level of a reader to understand a text as it also depends on the skills of the message receiver) and the text itself (legibility and readability or level of difficulty that a text per se entails through its intrinsic formal characteristics) generating two new formulas that define the terms of legibility and readability (specifically in Spanish) since that of comprehensibility exists today and is based on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR), with six levels ranging from A1 to C2 according to TEECLED. Two algorithms that respond to the previous concepts have been developed from the theoretical framework. The suggested formulas of both concepts, readability and comprehensibility, have been validated with texts published in the last 10 years by the Instituto Cervantes, classified by levels A1-C2. The results show that it coincides with the A1-C2 classification of the official DELE exam texts of the Instituto Cervantes in the last 10 years by an average of over 80%.
Perception and practice of using Artificial Intelligence in education: An opinion based study
Authors: Alam Sohaib , Hameed Ansa , Madej Martyna , Kobylarek Aleksander
Published: January 2024

The study advocates that educators create a clear plan and strategy for integrating AI, continue their professional development, and be flexible in the face of new tools and methods in order to successfully traverse this quickly changing environment. Educators can also help AI become more widely used in the classroom and improve the educational setting for their students by encouraging open communication, including participation in the decision-making process, and addressing privacy, ethics, and accessibility concerns. AI techniques were also employed to assist with editing this work; specific recommendations were made, and this research also changed the word choice or grammatical structure. The AI-powered syntax and spelling verification feature of Grammarly made it easy for academicians to quickly go over their work and fix any typing errors. The purpose of this study is to introduce educators to the potential applications of artificial intelligence (AI) in the classroom, both now and in the future, with an emphasis on generative AI, which has been made popular by ChatGPT, Google's Bard, and Microsoft's own Bing Chat. It provides educators with practical advice on how to make the most of these tools now and in the future. The study employs a mixed methodology to seek responses from teachers (40) through a questionnaire about their experiences, difficulties, and future prospects of AI in education. The findings suggest that AI has impacted the learning outcomes of students.
Significado del dinero y la propensión al endeudamiento
Authors: Dias Lopes Luis Felipe , Cardoso da Silva Deoclécio Junior , Gonçalves Moreira Martiele , Kuhn Nuvea , De Moura Gilnei Luiz
Published: January 2024

El contexto de la pandemia de covid-19 ha generado, al mismo tiempo, restricciones sociales y económicas, influyendo directamente en el comportamiento y la situación financiera de las personas. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la relación entre el significado del dinero y la propensión al endeudamiento de individuos en el entorno educativo en diferentes regiones de Brasil durante la pandemia de covid-19. Con el fin de comprender esta relación, se realizó una investigación cuantitativa con datos primarios (n = 521), recopilados de junio a julio de 2020. Para analizar los datos, se utilizaron estadísticas descriptivas, regresión múltiple, análisis de grupos y análisis de correspondencia. Los resultados indican que la población estudiada atribuye diferentes significados al dinero, destacando la cultura y la estabilidad. Además, se observó que el valor asignado al dinero y la propensión al endeudamiento fueron influenciados por factores comportamentales y pandémicos, y que el género y el estado civil influyeron en las variables estudiadas. En resumen, los resultados proporcionan una visión empírica de cómo la propensión al endeudamiento se comportó frente al período pandémico.
Desafíos de la transición energética sostenible
Authors: Niño Villamizar Yeny Andrea , Nieves Plata Manuel Enrique , Cortés Jiménez César Augusto
Published: January 2024

El concepto de transición energética está presente en la agenda política a nivel global como un proceso indispensable en el desarrollo sostenible de los países. Bajo este contexto, el artículo documenta el desarrollo de la investigación en el dominio del conocimiento de la transición energética sostenible como un pilar de la agenda geopolítica global, y reflexiona sobre los desafíos que implica este fenómeno desde la perspectiva investigativa, geopolítica y geoeconómica. La metodología utilizada es la revisión de literatura combinada con un análisis bibliométrico y técnicas de análisis de contenido de documentos de investigación recuperados en la base de datos Web of Science y sectoriales. Los hallazgos más representativos indican lo siguiente: primero, que el Acuerdo de París ha impulsado la investigación relacionada con el desarrollo sostenible, la transición y la seguridad energética desde un ámbito técnico, cultural, social, político y económico; segundo, a nivel geopolítico, el proceso de transición energética juega un papel determinante en el ajedrez político mundial, en el que los países miden sus fuerzas en términos de continuidad del suministro energético para sus ciudadanos, y tercero, a nivel geoeconómico, los países exportadores de carbón y petróleo ajustan el gasto público a presupuestos funcionales en un marco de energías renovables. Los autores concluyen que una transición progresiva y el balance de la matriz energética son fundamentales para reducir los gases efecto invernadero que causan el calentamiento global y garantizar la sostenibilidad energética sinafectar drásticamente la economía de las naciones.
Risk of Automation of Jobs in Colombia
Authors: Morales Pantoja Andrés José , Atis Ortega Karen Liseth , Fajardo Hoyos Claudia Liceth
Published: January 2024

This study analyzes the proportion of workers with occupations at high risk of being replaced by technology in Colombia and explores the personal, occupational and business characteristics that make workers more or less vulnerable to the fourth industrial revolution. We use a Generalized Linear Model (GLM) to show that more than a third of workers have jobs at high risk of automation; however, variables such as educational level, job training, economic sector, among others, are significant characteristics that mitigate the negative impacts of technological progress on employment.
Development, Democracy and Ruptures
Authors: Gallo Rodrigo , Morales Martínez Elías David
Published: January 2024

The objective of this article is to discuss the relationship between socioeconomic development and the execution of the United Nations peacekeeping missions during the 2000s. It focuses on Haiti’s case study, where the operation approved by the un Security Council was commanded by Brazil between 2004 to 2017. The research hypothesis raised by the research is that peacekeeping operations, although usually occurring during periods of democratic ruptures, contribute to the development of the target country. Methodologically, we employ World Bank indicators to examine if there is any relation between the periods of positive development, as indicated by variables such as gdp and per capita income, and the action of the international forces. The conclusion drawn from Haitian case study suggests that, it possible to infer that, in general, the establishment of peacekeeping operations tends to revert scenarios to reduce the quality of life, as evidenced by our analysis of the indicators.
Revisitar el enfoque de seguridad multidimensional pospandemia a veinte años de su declaración
Authors: Ehrenfeld Rohland Evelyn Daniela
Published: January 2024

El enfoque de seguridad multidimensional surge en la Declaración de Bridgetown en 2002 y se consolida en la Declaración de Seguridad de las Américas en México 2003. A veinte años y una pandemia de este hito, resulta pertinente revisitar este enfoque con el propósito de evaluar la incorporación de las nuevas amenazas, desafíos y otras preocupaciones a la seguridad a través de la revisión de documentos de defensa de Argentina, Chile y Colombia. La revisión permitió verificar que la seguridad multidimensional continúa siendo una visión válida en la región, aunque presenta una penetración heterogénea, que va desde una incorporación profunda en Colombia hasta una negación explícita respecto de la ampliación de la defensa nacional de Argentina hacia las nuevas amenazas. En el punto medio se encuentra Chile, que incorpora el enfoque de seguridad multidimensional en su política de defensa nacional, aunque persevera el interés por mantener las amenazas tradicionales como principal ámbito de acción de la defensa. Ahora bien, la crisis generada por la pandemia del COVID-19 evidenció una utilización transversal de las Fuerzas Armadas en tareas de apoyo al orden público, seguridad interna y resguardo de fronteras, además de apoyo logístico y sanitario entre otras, en sintonía con el enfoque de seguridad multidimensional.
Application of regression decision tree and machine learning algorithms to examine students’ online learning preferences during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Kooptiwoot Suwimon , Kooptiwoot Sirirat , Javadi Bagher
Published: January 2024

The emergence of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) profoundly disrupted the field of education, ushering in an era of widespread online learning adoption. This research paper seeks to investigate the multifaceted factors influencing students' preferences for online learning. Employing data exploration techniques and machine learning algorithms, the study aimed to identify the pivotal variables affecting students' willingness and performance in online educational environments. The research encompassed data collection through designated questionnaires and the application of decision tree-based machine learning algorithms to analyze these diverse factors. Through this approach, seven specific prerequisites were derived, employing multiple linear regression analysis within the decision tree framework, to illuminate the relationships between these factors. Key aspects considered in these prerequisites included factors such as "internet connectivity issues," "COVID-19 pandemic-induced stress," "COVID-19 vaccination status," and "close relatives' COVID-19 infections". Foremost among the reasons for students' reluctance to embrace online learning was the presence of "internet difficulties," including issues like slow connections and frequent disruptions. From the results of this research, it can be concluded that basic computer and internet courses can be beneficial for encouraging online education. Findings of this study underscore the potential benefits of offering basic computer and internet courses as a means to encourage and facilitate effective online education, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
A comparative approach for the optimal design of steel structures using biogeography-based optimization (BBO) algorithm and genetic algorithm (GA)
Authors: Amamra Laid , Bensoula Mohamed , Bahar Sadek
Published: January 2024

Structural optimization is one of the key concerns of civil engineering designers, but from a mathematical point of view, this optimization problem is highly complex and complicated due to a large number of non-linear design constraints and the iterative procedure of structural analysis. Introducing optimization algorithms such as biogeography-Based Optimization (BBO) and genetic algorithms (GA) into applications can help the user to optimize the cost of the structure to be adopted more quickly and with fewer errors in the preliminary phase of the design study. The aim of this research is to carry out a comparative approach to structure weight minimization using biogeography-Based Optimization (BBO) algorithm and genetic algorithms (GA), examining the influence of the number of populations and the number of iterations in the final results. In this study, both algorithms gave reliable results, but a comparison of the results obtained by the two methods reveals that the biogeography-Based Optimization algorithm (BBO) can be successfully used for the optimization of steel structures while ensuring verification of the strength, serviceability and stability criteria defined by Eurocode 3 (Union, 2006), as it has certain advantages in detecting the global minimum over genetic algorithms (GA). It is capable of finding solutions that are lighter, stiffer and have lower deflection than the original designs.
El federalismo, el sistema tributario y las cooperativas en México
Authors: Lara Gómez Graciela , Hurtado Maldonado Jesús , Rubio Ugalde Gema Jazmín
Published: January 2024

Con el presente artículo se buscó identificar los impuestos federales, estatales y municipales que son aplicables a las cooperativas en Querétaro, México. Para tal efecto, se realizó un acercamiento teórico al federalismo y el sistema tributario, destacando la relevancia de la coordinación fiscal para delimitar la autonomía que se tiene en los distintos niveles de gobierno para la creación de impuestos. Con el estudio, se analizaron los esquemas impositivos que aplican para las cooperativas de producción de consumo y de ahorro y préstamo, considerando la legislación vigente y las jurisprudencias de la Corte. Los resultados muestran que dichas sociedades son contribuyentes de impuestos en los distintos órdenes de gobierno, con algunas excepciones en materia de Impuesto Sobre la Renta.Recibido: 10 abril 2023Aceptado: 29 noviembre 2023
La regulación en la Ley 11/2019, de 20 de diciembre, de Cooperativas de Euskadi y en la Ley 27/1999, de 16 de julio, de Cooperativas, para las personas socias trabajadoras
Authors: Sanz García Asier
Published: January 2024

En el presente artículo se resalta el derecho de autorregulación que se les reconoce a las Cooperativas de Trabajo Asociado —en lo sucesivo CTA— en la regulación de los regímenes de trabajo y del disciplinario, así como la resolución de los conflictos entre las personas socias trabajadoras y las CTA, por las vías judiciales o extrajudiciales, según la materia de la controversia sea o no de libre disposición, siempre que existiese, en el primer supuesto, clausula compromisoria que posibilitase la vía extrajudicial, todo ello de conformidad a las previsiones de la Ley 11/2019, de 20 de diciembre de Cooperativas de Euskadi —en lo sucesivo LCE— así como de la Ley 27/1999, de 16 de julio, de aplicación supletoria —en lo sucesivo LE—, complementándose la exposición con algunos pronunciamientos Doctrinales y Jurisprudenciales.Recibido: 01 setiembre 2023 Aceptado: 17 diciembre 2023
Rural Cooperation and the Finnish Society. Past, Present and Future
Authors: Köppä Tapani
Published: January 2024

This essay deals with the importance of human cooperation for the development of societies and economies. The rural history of Finland offers rich material about the topic, including forms and applications of cooperation in economy and community life as well as the role of cooperetion in the development of social institutions and fulfilling political goals. Historical continuum covers here 900 years, including Finland as part of Sweden (~1100-1808), as an autonomous Grand Duchy of Russian empire (1809-1917) and as an indpendent republic of Finland (1917-). The author aims to provoke discussion about the social political importance of cooperation in general as win-win model recognising collective interests of people and balancing dominant individualistic view of man behind the rationality of mainstream competition economy. Long historical evidence of cooperative survival calls e.g. for continuing theoretical works like Nobelist Elinor Ostrom´s path-breaking analyses of the Commons and to give deeper time perspective for comparative research interests around recent topics, like the role of social economy in different countries. Relationships between cooperation and society can be recognised during history in changes of socio-political power relationships, applying of new technologies and re-organising community activities and economic exchange. An example with far-reching comsequences of these components in Finland was the period around the turn of 18th and 19th centuries. Market economy was replacing local subsistence economy, leaving traditional local means of livelihood in troubles. Rural poverty was critical social question needing measures to introduce new agricultural technologies and empowering poor peasants to self-help and extension organisations. Need to find access to larger markets for food and timber, including exporting, was also extremely important. Awareness of new European models of rural and agricultural cooperatives came into this context through influential pioneers, like Hannes Gebhard. After founding of Pellervo Society as central organisation of cooperation, the adoption and dissemination of cooperatives went on rapidly as an important component of Finnish small farm favouring agricultural policy. Talkoot is an essential element of the Finnish rural cooperation. Initially talkoot has been applied in rural communities as voluntary and mutual exchange of work and equipment. This could respond to everyday needs, but has also been applied for the sake of solidarity, to help disadvantaged members of the community. Talkoot-practices were exploited also by authorities, obligating subjects collectively to cooperate for certain common responsibilities. As an example of talkoot potential of Finns in exceptional circumstances was the organising of voluntary acts in home front during the wars 1939 and 1941-45.Received: 28 April 2023 Accepted: 11 July 2023