bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prácticas de mejora e innovación empresarial al servicio de la gestión pública
Authors:   Deusto Business School, Lorenzo Oswaldo
Published: February 2025

Los gobiernos, las empresas, y la sociedad están sometidos a una fuerte presión para adaptar sus modelos de gestión, de negocio y las formas de crear riqueza y prosperidad. La innovación, la mejora y la adaptación son fundamentales para garantizar la sostenibilidad. Las empresas vienen trabajando en estos temas desde hace tiempo, lo que les ha permitido desarrollar capacidades de innovación. En el sector público se presentan muchas oportunidades de innovación, pero se necesita acelerar su transformación para garantizar la sostenibilidad del Estado de bienestar. Del sector privado se pueden aprender al menos dos métodos y experiencias de mejora e innovación que pueden ser de aplicación en el sector público: la innovación guiada por prácticas Lean y la innovación guiada por la tecnología de información. En este artículo se describen los fundamentos teóricos de ambas prácticas, su aplicación en el sector privado y público y se desarrollan ciertas recomendaciones metodológicas para su uso en el sector público.
Evaluación y gestión pública innovadora
Authors:   Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Feinstein Osvaldo Néstor
Published: February 2025

El propósito de este trabajo es mostrar el papel de la evaluación para una gestión pública innovadora en un contexto de alta incertidumbre, en contraste con el contexto de baja incertidumbre e innovación limitada implícito en la «Nueva Gestión Pública». El artículo sostiene que en lugar de tratar de prever los procesos turbulentos que desemboca en situaciones altamente complejas, es conveniente aumentar la capacidad de adaptación de la gestión pública y que la evaluación antes, durante y después de las innovaciones introducidas puede desempeñar un papel crucial en una gestión pública innovadora.
El presupuesto como instrumento para la innovación en la gestión pública: balance y retos pendientes de la reforma presupuestaria de la Generalitat de Catalunya
Authors:   Parc Cientific de Barcelona, Maluquer i Amorós Salvador
Published: February 2025

En el año 2005, la Generalitat de Cataluña inició un proceso de modernización en la elaboración y gestión presupuestarias con el objetivo de convertir el presupuesto en la herramienta fundamental tanto para la toma de decisiones económico-financieras, como para explicitar la acción económica del gobierno. Los principios de esta modernización eran la orientación a resultados, la introducción de la perspectiva a medio plazo y la mejora de la transparencia, todo ello con el fin de lograr mejorar la eficacia y eficiencia en la asignación y en la gestión de los recursos públicos. Estos principios han adquirido, si cabe, un mayor sentido estratégico ante la crisis fiscal que están atravesando las administraciones públicas desde hace ya varios años. El objeto del presente artículo es describir brevemente los cambios efectuados y las líneas de trabajo emprendidas en el citado proceso y poner de relieve algunos aspectos de futuro que pueden contribuir a garantizar la continuidad y el éxito de los cambios efectuados durante este periodo.
IMPACTO DAS DOENÇAS PERIODONTAIS NA SAÚDE SISTÊMICA: RELAÇÃO COM DIABETES E DOENÇAS CARDIOVASCULARES
Authors: Veríssimo Matheus Harllen Gonçalves , Omena André de Almeida Agra , Souza Júlia Barbosa de , Barbosa Júnior Walter César de Oliveira , Fonseca Filho Alexandre Herval Andrade , Sampaio Rafaela de Souza , Oliveira José Carlos Barros dos Reis de , Melo Jorge Luiz de Brito , Carvalho André Medeiros , Garcia Douglas Vitor , Pimentel Luiz Felipe Gomes , Bergamini Eduardo Neves , Cardoso Gabrielle Ferreira , Borburema Rhuann Ayran Castro
Published: February 2025

Periodontitis has been associated with an increased risk of events such as myocardial infarction and stroke. The inflammatory process of PD could favor the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, also worsening conditions such as arterial hypertension and heart failure, as well as modulating glucose levels. Therefore, this study aims to conduct an integrative literature review on the main impacts of periodontal diseases on the health of diabetic and heart patients. This integrative literature review has a qualitative methodology and in the development of the following research question: What are the main impacts of periodontal diseases on the health of diabetic and heart patients? For this, the following electronic databases were used: U.S. National Library of Medicine (PubMed), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Cochrane Library, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), to search and identify studies that answered the guiding question of this integrative literature review. The database was searched for studies conducted between January 2020 and January 2025. The study results highlight the strong interrelationship between periodontitis, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, showing how chronic inflammation from periodontal disease can worsen glycemic control in diabetic patients and increase the risk of cardiovascular complications, such as heart attacks and strokes. In addition, uncontrolled diabetes and cardiac conditions can intensify gum disease, creating a bidirectional cycle of worsening. The conclusion highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach, integrating dental and medical care, as well as preventive and therapeutic strategies that prioritize oral health to improve clinical outcomes. Finally, promoting public awareness and education about the connection between oral and systemic health are essential to prevent complications and promote patients' quality of life.
Evaluation of Mustard (Brassica spp.) Genotypes for Yield and Oil Content in Tandojam, Sindh, Pakistan
Authors: Yasir Nawaz Vessar  , Nighat Seema Soomoro  , Hajra Khan  , Shahla Karim Baloch  , Asif Ali Kaleri  , Shahzad Ali Tunio
Published: February 2025

The evaluation of mustard (Brassica spp.) genotypes under specific agro-climatic conditions is essential to optimize productivity and oilseed quality. This study assessed the yield performance of ten mustard genotypes, including a commercial check variety, under the agro-climatic conditions of Tandojam, Sindh, Pakistan. The research was conducted at the Experimentation Station of the Oilseeds Research Institute, A.R.C. Tandojam, with the objective of identifying high-yielding genotypes suited for the region. Significant differences were observed among genotypes for seed yield and related traits. The commercial check variety, Mehran Raya, demonstrated superior yield performance with a plant height of 179.29 cm, 7.11 branches plant-1, 330.49 pods per plant, 20.63 seeds per pod, seed index of 4.92 g, a seed yield of 2086.70 kg ha-1 and an oil content of 35.35%. Notably, the genotype TJB-30 recorded the highest oil content at 37.83%, surpassing the check variety. The observed differences in yield and oil content were attributed to genetic diversity, environmental conditions, and cultivation practices. The findings highlight Mehran Raya's potential as a high-yielding mustard variety, suitable for cultivation in Tandojam, while TJB-30 shows promise for improving oil content. Mehran Raya exhibited superior yield, and TJB-30 demonstrated potential for enhanced oil quality. However, further research is necessary to assess their stability and adaptability across various environments, ensuring these genotypes' long-term suitability for sustainable oilseed production and contributing to regional food security. This study provides valuable insights for the selection of mustard genotypes tailored to the agro-climatic conditions of Tandojam, supporting efforts to enhance oilseed production in Pakistan.
Why Bogue Phase Estimates Are Not Applicable for Blended Cements
Authors:   Portland Cement Association
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this paper is to explain why potential cement phase compositions (C3S, C2S, C3A, and C4AF) are not calculated and reported using the Bogue equations for ASTM C595/AASHTO M 240 blended hydraulic cements.
FREQUENCY OF PRETERM BIRTHS IN OVERWEIGHT AND OBESE PREGNANT WOMEN
Authors: Ismail Nighat , Yasmin Haleema , Iftikhar Shighraf , Gul Hira , Gul Ayesha
Published: February 2025

Background: Preterm birth, defined as delivery before 37 weeks of gestation, is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Globally, approximately 15 million preterm births occur annually, with a significant burden in developing countries. Overweight and obesity in pregnancy have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth, yet the strength of this association varies across populations. In Pakistan, where the preterm birth rate is approximately 14%, understanding the impact of maternal BMI on pregnancy outcomes is critical for targeted interventions and improved maternal and neonatal health.
Objective: This study aimed to determine the frequency of preterm birth among overweight and obese pregnant women and compare the risk between these two BMI categories.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC), Karachi, over six months. A total of 188 pregnant women with a BMI of ≥23.0 kg/m² were enrolled using a non-probability consecutive sampling technique. Women aged 18–40 years with singleton pregnancies and gestational age between 22 and 37 weeks were included, while those with pre-existing medical conditions were excluded. Maternal BMI was calculated, and participants were followed until delivery. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26, with the Chi-square test used to compare preterm birth frequencies between BMI groups.
Results: The overall preterm birth rate was 20.2%. Among overweight women (BMI 23.0–24.9 kg/m²), 12.3% experienced preterm birth, while the rate was significantly higher at 25.0% in obese women (BMI ≥25.0 kg/m²) (p=0.032). The mean maternal age was 29.04 ± 4.12 years, with an average gestational age at delivery of 34.15 ± 2.03 weeks.
Conclusion: Maternal obesity is associated with an increased risk of preterm birth. These findings emphasize the need for preconception weight management and targeted antenatal care to reduce preterm birth rates in overweight and obese women.
Sign Language
Authors: Glucker John , Ludlam Ivor
Published: February 2025

The need for a more detailed account concerning the first two centuries of rhetorical theory is best illustrated by an example: we present here the textual evidence for two common terms denoting evidence,  namely τεκμήριον and σημεῖον. Despite their widespread use in fifth and fourth century Athens, there seems to have been some confusion over their relative roles. While τεκμήριον is fairly regularly used to mean past evidence for a present claim or state, σημεῖον ranges in meaning from a present indication for a past act or state to something very similar to τεκμήριον. We trace, so far as is possible, three possible sources for the apparent confusion: an early rhetorical source (perhaps even the legendary Tisias or Corax himself/themselves) might explain the relatively uniform use of τεκμήριον, while confusion over σημεῖον may be due to usage in early Hippocratic medical treatises as opposed to a clear and logical distinction between τεκμήριον and σημεῖον by Antiphon, a distinction ignored by his younger contemporaries (e.g. Andocides), but strictly adhered to by a later orator, Lycurgus.
Umbricius and Greek Shell Games (Juvenal, Sat. 3.74-81)
Authors: Fontaine Michael
Published: February 2025

The meaning of Juvenal 3. 81 should be:  “Should I not run away from these folks’ shell games?” Rather than meaning “purple clothes,” the conchylia – the shells or “shell games” -- denote the Greek immi­grant’s infuriating πολυτροπία (versatility).
Servile Invective in Classical Athens
Authors: Kamen Deborah
Published: February 2025

Accusations or insinuations of servile ancestry were pervasive in classical Athenian oratory, even in instances where the litigants had no discernable slave history. After examining the ‘servile invective’ used by Demosthenes and Aeschines in their paired speeches, I argue that one source of this invective was attacks against individuals who actually had been or were descended from slaves. I contend further that servile invective reveals contemporary concerns about manumission and naturalization, processes that not only incorporated ‘outsiders’ into the demos but also revealed the fluidity of (ideologically fixed) status categories like slave/free and citizen/non-citizen. Finally, I suggest that one effect of this rhetoric in the case of non-servile litigants (like Aeschines and Demosthenes) was to stir up status-related anxieties in the jury, thereby aligning the jurors with the speaker against his opponent.
sens divers du mot Δύναμις chez Thucydide
Authors: Bar-Hen Elie
Published: February 2025

Les sens divers du mot Δύναμις chez Thucydide
Was a Roman Cohort Stationed at Ein Gedi?
Authors: Magness Jodi , Davies Gwyn
Published: February 2025

The evidence for a Roman military garrison being based at Ein Gedi between the First and Second Jewish Revolts, rests on the existence of a document from the Babatha archive witnessed by a Roman centurion and the remains of a ‘military-style’ bath house.  This commonly shared assumption is challenged in this paper.  By reviewing the significance of P. Yadin 11 and adducing comparative evidence from elsewhere in the empire to identify other reihentyp bathing facilities with no direct connection to a military establishment, the authors suggest that there is no reason to conclude that Ein Gedi was the location of a Roman army garrison.
Curious Case: Pliny Does Not Write History (Ep. 5.8)
Authors: Price Jonathan J.
Published: February 2025

Despite Pliny’s admiration for historical writing and his clear literary and rhetorical skill, he never wrote history. In Ep. 5.8, written in 105-106 CE to Titinius Capito, he explains why in a convoluted and confusing series of excuses that have been variously interpreted. This article argues that the letter is a subtle but demonstrative rejection of history-writing which both reflects and comments on the state of Roman historiography in Pliny‘s generation. This is the direct result of the conditions under the Principate. The audience for accurate historical accounts of recent events was dwindling. Even fewer dared to write it, Tacitus (whom Pliny highly admired) being a brilliant exception. It could be that Pliny was trying to transmute epistolography into a kind of historiography.
Plut. Them. 10.5: Generosity and Greek Public Education in Historical Memory
Authors: Haussker Fayah
Published: February 2025

The present paper explores the feasibility of the evidence in Plutarch‘s Them. 10.5 regarding publicly-funded teaching that the people of Troezen bestowed upon Athenian children refugees on the eve of the battle of Salamis 480 BC. Examination of testimonies from Troezen referring to the generosity (euergesia) exhibited in absorption of the Athenian evacuees, together with the chronology of public involvement in Greek elementary education (paideia), undermines the historical credibility of Plutarch‘s account and indicates anachronism. This study suggests that the close interconnection between euergesia and paideia, first documented in the Hellenistic period, is the basis of Plutarch‘s, or his sources‘, interpretation of the Troezenians‘ munificence toward Athenian refugees in the form of subsidized schooling. Thus Plutarch‘s account less reflects the historical reality of the Archaic period, but rather the significance of Greek paideia in the historical memory of later generations.
Nero's Recall of Suetonius Paullinus
Authors: Griffin Miriam T.
Published: February 2025

Nero's Recall of Suetonius Paullinus
Greek Practice in Galen’s Œuvre: Some Case Studies
Authors: Petit Caroline
Published: February 2025

The present study offers an analysis of selected Greek particles in Galen’s œuvre. Galen’s preserved works make him by far the most prolific author of his time; he therefore represents a mine for investigations into the Greek language of the Roman Empire. Galen was a keen philologist, who produced vast amounts of commentaries and works of philological interest, the majority of which are now lost: studying Galen’s style is a gateway to reconstruct Galen’s rhetorical and stylistical profile. Given the vast quantity of texts at our disposal and their sheer diversity, the particles and particle clusters under scrutiny are comparatively few; I have privileged examples of particles and particles clusters that Galen uses to emphasise his point, conclude his arguments and communicate his intentions to his audience. Some appear to be signature phrases. Emphasised particles and particle clusters include: ἄρα, τοιγαροῦν, ἀτὰρ οὖν καί.
Classics in Israel: Where Do We Go From Here?
Authors: Amitay Ory
Published: February 2025

Beyond the usual talk about the crisis of the Humanities, the situation of Classical Studies in Israel is complicated also by local peculiarities of Israeli society. First and foremost among them is the bad reputation enjoyed by Greek and Roman cultures, because of their respective roles in ancient Judean history, and of the perceptions of this history in modern Israel. This short paper addresses the problem and offers three possible avenues for some improvement: (a) The use of digital means to expand the teaching of the classical languages; (b) an engagement of the Classical Studies community in the Hebrew Wikipedia; (c) an emphasis on translation into Hebrew in PhDs.
Zeugnisse für militärische Einheiten im Negev zwischen dem späten 1. und dem 3. Jh. n.Chr.—Vorarbeit für CIIP VI
Authors: Eck Werner
Published: February 2025

Abstract: Im Kontext der Arbeit für Band VI des Corpus Inscriptionum Iudaeae/Palaestinae werden drei Inschriften aus dem Negev zum Teil neu gelesen und kommentiert: die Grabinschrift eines Soldaten der ala VII Phrygum sowie die Grabinschriften zweier Soldaten der legio III Cyrenaica. Sie gehören alle in die Zeit, als die Provinz Arabia durch den Negev bis zur Mittelmeerküste reichte.
Abstract: In the context of the work for volume VI of the Corpus Inscriptionum Iudaeae/Palaestinae, three inscriptions from the Negev will be partially revised and commented on: the funerary inscription of a soldier of ala VII Phrygum and the funerary inscriptions of two soldiers of legio III Cyrenaica. They all belong to the period when the province of Arabia extended through the Negev to the Mediterranean coast.
La version païenne du Frigidus : Eunape, ses éֹpigones et Alan Cameron (The Last Pagans of Rome, pp. 110–111)
Authors: Nardelli Jean-Fabrice
Published: February 2025

That Zosimus and John of Antioch bequeathed us, curtailed from the lost History of Eunapius, an exculpatory, pagan-centric account of the battle of the Frigidus in contradistinction to the retellings of it by Christian writers, has been demonstrated as a canard by Alan Cameron. Once put the test, it turns out, Cameron’s cramped arguments fail to take account of the rhetorical formalization lurking behind Eunapius’ epigons, thereby missing the pagan kernel the sophist from Sardis bequeathed them when broaching the topic of the Frigidus, and ignore how much his replacement of the violent winds of the nearly unanimous Christian tradition by an imaginary eclipse harks back in putative pagan fashion to classicizing models. No less classicizing and imbued with a strong pagan flavor is the motif of the darkening of the air. This leads to the suggestion that the actual weather that held sway on 9.5.394, far from being a stormy wind, shall better be identified with a Mediterranean gale; it was portrayed through propagandistic lens, by means of thematic focalization, as a miraculous wind by the Christians and as a solar eclipse by Eunapius.
Theatres in Ancient Palestine during the Roman-Byzantine Period (An Historical-Archaeological Survey)
Authors: Segal Arthur
Published: February 2025

The present survey seeks to ascertain the place of the theatre in the region with Jewish, Nabatean, and Greek populations, in which the tradition of Classical theatre has no roots.
Theatres were built over a long period of time in various areas of Judaea, Nabataea, and in the Hellenized cities. The earliest examples in Judaea were erected at Herod’s initiative but did not reflect the true cultural needs of most of the population.
At the end of the 1st century BCE and in the 1st century CE, theatres were also built in the Nabatean kingdom, but they merely provided an architectural setting little related to the theatre in its accepted sense.
The first theatres in the Hellenized cities in Judaea, Southern Syria and Arabia were erected in the late 1st and early 2nd centuries CE, at a time when the Classical creativity was in decline. Classical plays were disappearing from the stage throughout the Roman world, to be replaced by lighter, less select forms of entertainment.
In the Eastern part of the Empire, especially in Judaea, Syria and Arabia, Classical tragedy and comedy had never earned themselves a permanent niche. Residents of these areas apparently knew no theatre other than mime, and lively, popular mime presentations faithfully reflected the true cultural demands of most of the city-dwellers in Roman Palestine, Syria, and Arabia during the Roman-Byzantine period”.
All Rise for the Honourable Robot Judge?
Authors: Chesterman Simon , Bennett Moses Lyria , Pagallo Ugo
Published: February 2025

There is a rich literature on the challenges that AI poses to the legal order. But to what extent might such systems also offer part of the solution? China, which has among the least developed rules to regulate conduct by AI systems, is at the forefront of using that same technology in the courtroom. This is a double-edged sword, however, as its use implies a view of law that is instrumental, with parties to proceed- ings treated as means rather than ends. That, in turn, raises fundamental questions about the nature of law and authority: at base, whether law is reducible to code that can optimize the human condition, or if it must remain a site of contestation, of politics, and inextricably linked to institutions that are themselves account- able to a public. For many of the questions raised, the rational answer will be sufficient; but for others, what the answer is may be less important than how and why it was reached, and whom an affected population can hold to account for its consequences.
This contribution is follwed by comments by Lyria Bennett Moses and Ugo Pagallo
The Proposed EU Artificial Intelli- gence Liability Directive
Authors: Li Shu , Schütte Béatrice
Published: February 2025

On 28 September 2022, the European Commission released its long-awaited proposal for an Artificial Intelligence Liability Directive (AILD). In contrast to the high expectations on providing a harmonised liability framework for the damage caused by AI systems, the proposed AILD only proposes minimum harmonised procedural rules to facilitate evidence disclosure and alleviate the burden of proof undertaken by claimants. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the proposed AILD and points out the problems when implementing the proposed rules. This article argues that the AILD may never reach its full potential as its name indicates. The fragmentation among Member States regarding the substantive matters may preclude the AILD from moving a step further for harmonising substantial issues. While a comprehensive risk regulation (the EU AI Act) must be followed by an effective remedy mechanism, the proposed AILD will not fill this gap in the short run.
The Double Helix of Data Extraction
Authors: Lehuedé Sebastián
Published: February 2025

The increasing value of data is rendering data extraction ubiquitous. Looking at recent research, I argue that work critical of extractive dynamics can give rise to a ‘double-helix of data extraction’ that exacerbates existing asymmetries by appropriating the means of critique of affected populations. I show how this dynamic might play out in practice by turning to my research on astronomy data in Chile, which adopted a decolonial lens and involved Indigenous activists. Finally, a radical embracement of reflexivity attentive to both positionality and political economy is advocated as a condition for conducting properly critical data studies (CDS), especially in the case of research relying on decolonial approaches. Although reflexivity cannot solve the double helix, it can expose the conditions underpinning research and acknowledge the limitations of research on its own.
Regulating Artificial Intelligence in Brazil
Authors: Mesquita Hana , Gonçalves Garrote Marina , Zanatta Rafael Augusto
Published: February 2025

This essay discusses how critical social theory in Brazil can contribute to a revision of dominant approaches to AI regulation and a regulatory strategy focused on innovation, legal certainty, and economic development in Brazil. We explain the origins of the Brazilian Draft Bill on Artificial Intelligence Regulation and the main critiques during the discussions at the legislative houses in 2022. We argue that critical social theory can enlarge the discussion about which should be the regulatory goals of such legislation. Critical theory helps envision new principles that are connected to the structural problems of post-colonial societies. We intend to advance the project of enlarging the epistemologies of the South and expanding the view of Global Data Justice that relates to the social theory developed in the South.
A Brief History of Data Protection by Design
Authors: Dewitte Pierre
Published: February 2025

Article 25(1) of the General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) is the first provision that comes to mind when discussing data protection by design. Yet, the origins of that concept can be traced back to an idea that was already solidly established in the software engineering community before its adoption. Besides, the GDPR is not the first binding piece of legislation that incorporates such an obligation. This paper unravels the history of data protection by design by delving into its technical roots and outlining the national and EU initiatives that have preceded the GDPR. Such a retrospective provides the necessary background to understand the implications and scope of its current manifestation in the text of the Regulation.
A Right of Social Dialogue on Automated Decision-Making: From Workers’ Right to Autonomous Right
Authors: Clifford Damian , Goldenfein Jake , Jimenez Aitor , Richardson Megan
Published: February 2025

An emerging tool in the movement for platform workers’ rights is the right not to be subject to automated decision-making. In its most advanced formulation to date in art 22 of the EU General Data Protection Regulation 2016, this right includes ‘the right to obtain human intervention on the part of the controller, to express his or her point of view and to contest the decision’. Among other things, art 22 forms part of the groundwork of the December 2021 European Commission Proposal for a Directive on Improving Working Conditions in Platform Work, with its mantra of promotion of ‘social dialogue on algorithmic management’. In this article, we argue that art 22 and now the Directive offer an important tool for responding to the mechanistic working conditions of platform work. More broadly, we suggest that a right of social dialogue regarding automated decision-making, which art 22 represents, has the potential to serve as a signal achievement in the history of data rights developing to allow democratic involvement in decisions that affect people’s lives under modern industrial conditions.
Is the Brussels Effect Creating a New Legal Order in Africa and Latin America and the Caribbean?
Authors: Boshe Patricia , Goberna Caride Carolina
Published: February 2025

EU Regulation 2016/679 (GDPR), like the pied piper of Hamelin, has and continues to lure third countries into approximating the EU data protection framework.  Some scholars believe the approximation of the EU framework, mostly done in a one-size-fits-all fashion, may not be appropriate in non-EU contexts mainly because (some) values advanced by the EU data protection framework may vary from or be incompatible with legal cultures and/or social norms of the recipient country/region. This paper looks into data protection in Africa and Latin America and the Caribbean (hereinafter LAC). The focus is on the evolution, influence and role of the EU in the development of data protection laws in Africa and LAC. The purpose is to ascertain whether and to what extent those laws are a result of the Brussels effect
Historical Appearance and Disappearance of Blue Motives in Architecture of Uch Region
Authors: Shumaila Qureshi  , Maria Ansari  , Farjad Faiz
Published: February 2025

Kashikari is a decorative handcraft which is very similar to mosaic art. This craft dates to the Mesopotamian civilization and remains an important element of the Islamic architecture. Pakistan has a rich history and tradition of Kashikari. Across Punjab and Sindh, one can find many architectural marvels graced with this mosaic art in Pakistan. In Punjab area of Pakistan, especially Multan - one of the Indian subcontinent's oldest cities, famous blue or ''Kashi'' pottery craftsmanship is still alive. Uch is considered as one of the oldest cities of Pakistan. Uch is home to the tomb of Bibi Jawindi which is an amazing example of a Kashikari mosaic art in place. In this research, the specimen patterns chosen are examples of the types found throughout Islam which are developed from simple grids with the greatest ingenuity, so as to produce highly complex results. Blue pottery is basically associated with Irani architecture and became the part of Asian architecture as well. This research is basically associated with the formation of kashi tile, appearance and disappearance of Blue motifs in Uch sharif region and its conservation. All these factors remain under observation and work was performed accordingly. Process of formation of tiles was performed; conservation strategies were applied and causes of its disappearance were found out.
The Impact of Computing Technologies on Analysis of English Literature and Linguistics
Authors: Shujahat Ali Rathore  , Muhammad Hammad u Salam  , Arshad Mehmood
Published: February 2025

The computing technologies have revolutionized the research methodologies, presentation of literary works, and analysis of literary text up to a greater extent. Keeping in view the context, the researchers selected 50 relevant respondents from the public sector universities of Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Close-ended questionnaire was used to collect the data. The data was analysed through simple statistical tool. The study found that computing technologies have facilitated the researchers of English literature and Linguistics with new analytical tools by making the analysis more effective, objective and accurate. This study recommends to utilize computing technologies for analysis of literary and linguistic texts instead of using traditional and subjective methods of analysis.
Secularism vs Islamism: A Historical Debate in Pakistan’s Political Discourse
Authors: Syed Waseem Raza  , Abdul Qadir Mushtaq
Published: February 2025

The debate on the role of Islamism and secularism in the politics of Pakistan has been at the center of attention of Pakistan’s political activism since 1947. In this article, we analyze the historical, political and societal aspects of this debate, ranging from its emergence before the time of independence to the present. It assesses the impact of secularism and Islamism on the constitutional development, governance, and public policy of the state, which sometimes resulted in the quest for political hegemony and resultant political chaos. The article also discusses the influence of prominent political figures, political movements, and foreign engagement on this political debate. In doing so, the study also emphasizes the interrelations and the dynamics of the ideational conflict, to advance the research on core questions, on how Pakistan developed politically, and how this development may affect national connections.
The Role of Social Media in Enhancing Consumer Engagement: Evidence from Forbes Top 20 Global Corporations
Authors: Zhao
Published: February 2025

This paper explores the role of social media in enhancing consumer engagement, with a focus on evidence from Forbes' top 20 global corporations. As digital platforms become increasingly integral to business strategies, social media offers brands a unique opportunity to interact directly with consumers, foster brand loyalty, and create emotional connections. The study examines how leading global corporations—such as Apple, Amazon, Nike, and Coca-Cola—utilize social media to engage their audiences through content creation, real-time feedback, and personalized marketing strategies. Drawing on a qualitative analysis of social media profiles and consumer interactions, this paper identifies key strategies and trends in consumer engagement, including the importance of emotional connection, user-generated content, and brand consistency. Results show that companies that effectively use social media to build communities, respond to consumer feedback, and align content with consumer values achieve higher engagement levels and brand loyalty. The findings contribute to understanding how social media can be strategically leveraged by global corporations to enhance consumer engagement in the digital age, offering practical insights for businesses aiming to maximize the impact of their social media efforts.
The First Response to Generative Artificial Intelligence Tools in Chinese Higher Education: A Content Analysis of Universities' Posts on Social Media
Authors: Zhao
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the initial response of Chinese higher education institutions to generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools by analyzing social media posts from top universities. As generative AI, such as ChatGPT, transforms education and knowledge production, universities face the challenge of integrating these technologies while addressing concerns about academic integrity and pedagogical impact. Using a qualitative content analysis of social media posts from 30 leading Chinese universities, this paper identifies the primary themes, opportunities, and challenges discussed. The findings highlight three major themes: awareness and guidance, ethical considerations, and academic innovation. Universities emphasize the need to educate stakeholders about AI tools, ensure ethical use, and leverage AI to innovate teaching and research. This study provides valuable insights into how higher education in China is adapting to generative AI, offering practical implications for policymakers, educators, and researchers navigating this evolving landscape.
HRT, menopause and breast cancer
Authors: Boulin Tiphaine , Whitcroft Isla , Moody Hannah
Published: February 2025

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is used to manage the symptoms of menopause. It has been associated with an increased risk of developing breast cancer; however, this risk varies according to the type of HRT and duration of use. Evidence suggests that oestrogen-only HRT has little to no increased risk of breast cancer; however, it is generally only prescribed to people who have had a hysterectomy as it carries an increased risk of uterine cancer. Combined HRT is associated with a duration-dependent increase in breast cancer risk when used over five years. This increase in risk then reduces after combined HRT treatment is stopped, but some risk remains if used for over 10 years. To date, HRT is considered the most effective approach for managing menopausal symptoms. The decision on whether to take HRT should be an individual choice, made in consultation with a specialist healthcare practitioner based on personal symptoms, risks, benefits, treatment suitability and duration.
BENCHMARKING INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN MODELS - ADDIE WINS
Authors: Drljača Dalibor P. , Tomić Siniša , Ris Krunoslav
Published: February 2025

The rapid development of learning and instructional design technology has resulted in the creation of numerous instructional design models. These models are often used as the basis for instructional design courses, providing students with an introduction to the field. The abundance of models can be overwhelming, especially for beginners in the field. This prompts the question - which model is the best to use? The objective of this paper was to review the comparative advantages of selected models and to assist instructors in choosing the most appropriate one. Desk research was conducted to establish a list of qualitative indicators that can be used to evaluate and benchmark selected models. The models (such as ADDIE, SAMR etc.) were examined, and a benchmarking table was created. The paper provided insight into the most important characteristics of the selected models and presented arguments on their advantages and disadvantages. Based on the results of analysis and benchmarking indicators, the ADDIE model demonstrated slight advantages over other models. This paper compares four important models and recommends the ADDIE model as the most complete, structured, flexible, and easy to implement.
BIG DATA TECHNOLOGIES IN ANALYSIS OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOR
Authors: Parkhomenko Nataliia , Vilcekova Lucia , Starchon Peter
Published: February 2025

The study of consumer behavior at all stages of marketing is related to Big Data analysis. The purpose of the study is to structure information on assessing consumer behavior, which relates to Big Data on the components of marketing max, to form methods for analyzing this information and basic results that will contribute to sustainable business development in the conditions of information and technological transformations. During the research, methods of synthesis, system analysis, comparison and systematization were used to track trends in the use of Big Data analysis in a system for assessing consumer behavior. The result of the study is the systematization of information data, methods of Big Data analysis for assessing consumer behavior. The proposed tools for assessing consumer behavior based on Big Data technologies make it possible to improve the marketing strategy for enterprise development and form a mechanism for strategic marketing management. Further research may concern generalizing the methodology for using Big Data for different categories of consumers.
НЕКЕ НЕДОУМИЦЕ У ВЕЗИ СА ПОТРЕБОМ КОНКРЕТИЗАЦИЈЕ СУБЈЕКТИВНЕ СТРАНЕ КРИВИЧНОГ ДЈЕЛА У ДИСПОЗИТИВУ ОПТУЖНИЦЕ
Authors: Јовић Роберт
Published: February 2025

Да би се према починиоцу кривичног дјела могла изрећи адекватна кривично-правна санкција, потребно је претходно, ван разумне сумње тј. са потпуном сигурношћу утврдити да је кривично дјело починио, не само у објективном смислу (предузео кривично-правну радњу описану у диспозитиву оптужнице) него и у субјективном смислу (у врсти и степену кривње описаном у диспозитиву оптужнице), уз претпоставку да чињенични опис кривичног дјела у диспозитиву оптужнице (и у објективном и у субјективном смислу) садржи све битне елементе бића односног кривичног дјела као и друге елементе од којих зависи егзистенција односног кривичног дјела (нпр. објективни услов инкриминације) или примјена кривичног материјалног и процесног законодавства у конкретној ствари. Само у тако чињенично и правно постављеној ситуацији, може се приступити реализовању начела законитости и начела кривице у конкретном кривичном предмету. У супротном, (чињенични) опис дјела у диспозитиву оптужнице не садржи све законом прописане елементе кривичног дјела, било да се ради о недостатку општих или посебних елемената бића односног кривичног дјела, па тако описано дјело у диспозитиву оптужнице (и) није кривично дјело, а што доводи до ослобађајуће пресуде. Међутим, оно што је у судској пракси доводило до недоумица, па самим тим и различитог поступања тужилаштава и судова у конкретним ситуацијама, јесте питање да ли чињенични опис кривичног дјела у диспозитиву оптужнице, треба да садржи јасан и прецизан опис психичког односа починиоца према истом (субјективна страна кривичног дјела) или не? Одговор на ово питање није једноставан, код тога да није могуће извести једно генерално правило које, већ на прву, не би имало више могућих изузетака.
ОДУЗИМАЊЕ ПРИВАТНЕ ИМОВИНЕ У ЈУГОСЛАВИЈИ – ДЕНАЦИОНАЛИЗАЦИЈА У ДРЖАВАМА НАСЉЕДНИЦАМА
Authors: Шукало Игор
Published: February 2025

Право својине је апсолутно и неповредиво, а може се ограничити или одузети само под законом прописаним условима. Правни режим права својине кључан је за свако друштво и државу. Одузимање приватне имовине у бившој Југославији, у разним појавним облицима, било је неправедно и арбитрарно. Многобројне су посљедице таквих поступања, а које се могу покушати отклонити денационализацијом одузете имовине.
Lifestyles and Risk Factors for Developing NCDS Among Students of Health Sciences in Republic of Srpska
Authors: Šiljak Slađana , Kojić Dušan , Nešković Markić Dragana , Stojanović-Bjelić Ljiljana , Cvijetić Željka
Published: February 2025

Lifestyles develop throughout the life, but adolescence and early youth are important stages in acquiring healthy lifestyles habits. This is also vulnerable period for substance misuse, worsened diet habits and sedentary lifestyles linked to academic activities and responsible for developing non communicable diseases (NCD). Goal of the article is to analyse lifestyles habits and risk factors for developing NCD among students of health sciences. Study is conducted at the University Apeiron, Faculty of Health Sciences among students from first to fourth years of study. Specially designed questionnaire was prepared and distributed on line, anonymously and voluntary fulfilled by students. Every fifth student is smokers, 5,1% consume alcohol daily, more males (12,1%) than females (2,9%) (p0,05). Majority of males (42,2%) consumed alcohol drinks in one occasion during previous month, statistically more than females (21.2%) (p0,05). More than two third of students eat fruits and vegetables daily and one third have regular meals. Moderate physical active are 42,3% of students, and physical inactive are more females than males (p0,05). Risk factors for NCD have to be prevented with supportive policies in school environment and community. Students of health sciences should be a positive model of changing risk habits for NCD and saving future quality of life.
Local Government Relations in Knox County Executive Collaboration and its Impact
Authors: Sowell J. Ryan
Published: February 2025

The recent governmental history of Knoxville and Knox County represents an intriguing case study of interest-group-led referendums, corruption, and reform. Recent structural reforms were a direct response to the unethical behavior displayed by some members of the Knox County Commission, but indirectly the changes attempted to address a number of lingering community issues. When placed in the context of the community’s contemporary political history, the reforms' significance becomes apparent. In the past twenty years the greater Knoxville community experienced intergovernmental court battles, a failed unification referendum, a sheriff with unprecedented political clout, and state legislative intervention. Executive leadership has had a major impact on the course of the community’s contemporary history and will continue to be an important factor in local debate to come.
Soluble immune mediators orchestrate protective in vitro granulomatous responses across Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex lineages
Authors: Arbués Ainhoa , Schmidiger Sarah , Reinhard Miriam , Borrell Sònia , Gagneux Sébastien , Portevin Damien
Published: February 2025

The members of the
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
complex (MTBC) causing human tuberculosis comprise ten phylogenetic lineages that differ in their geographical distribution. The human consequences of this phylogenetic diversity remain poorly understood. Here, we assessed the phenotypic properties at the host-pathogen interface of 14 clinical strains representing five major MTBC lineages. Using a human
in vitro
granuloma model combined with bacterial load assessment, microscopy, flow cytometry, and multiplexed-bead arrays, we observed considerable intra-lineage diversity. Yet, modern lineages were overall associated with increased growth rate and more pronounced granulomatous responses. MTBC lineages exhibited distinct propensities to accumulate triglyceride lipid droplets —a phenotype associated with dormancy— that was particularly pronounced in lineage 2 and reduced in lineage 3 strains. The most favorable granuloma responses were associated with strong CD4 and CD8 T cell activation as well as inflammatory responses mediated by CXCL9, granzyme B and TNF-α. Both of which showed consistent negative correlation with bacterial proliferation across genetically distant MTBC strains of different lineages. Taken together, our data indicate that different virulence strategies and protective immune traits associate with MTBC genetic diversity at lineage and strain level.
Joan of Arc
Authors: McGrady Deborah
Published: February 2025

Traces contemporary and later reception of Joan of Arc, examining how cultural beliefs and conventions have shaped her story.

Joan of Arc stands out as one of the most recognized historical figures of medieval Europe. Learned writings as well as popular imagination, from the Middle Ages to today, have celebrated her as an exceptional character and hailed her legacy. And yet, there is scant recognition of her enduring status as an icon.

What is one to make of a young, female medieval peasant-turned-warrior-turned heretic-turned martyr who has repeatedly been drawn back from oblivion, revived, and made relevant time and again? Unravelling the mystery of this question requires revisiting contemporary and historical accounts, listening anew to Joan's "voice" as seen in her letters and trial documents, and inquiring into the lively debate her afterlife has generated in the arts, from paintings and sculptures to romance, theatre and cinema. To unearth this new story of Joan of Arc, this study focuses on her French legacy, where her continued cultural and aesthetic importance are most vibrant, and it brings this phenomenon into dialogue with modern discussions about gender and class, anachronism and memory, and metafiction, creative time, and the gaze.
Hungarian “Gypsy-Band” Music in Vienna, 1850-1914
Authors: Banks Jon
Published: February 2025

A detailed investigation, based on extensive study of press reports and early recordings, of the popular Hungarian bands in Vienna who influenced Brahms and other composers.
It has long been recognized that Viennese composers, especially Brahms, were profoundly influenced by Hungarian "Gypsy bands." Furthermore, the style hongrois repertory and style in which these bands specialized has been identified as important in its own right. The bands themselves, however, are generally relegated to the status of being part of an unknowable oral tradition, of which nothing remains apart from some highly exoticized literary hyperbole.
Jon Banks's pathbreaking Hungarian "Gypsy-Band" Music in Vienna, 1850-1914 redresses this imbalance by presenting a detailed account of these "other" musicians and their interactions with the mainstream of Western classical music. To do so, it analyzes thousands of advertisements, news reports, and anecdotes in the Viennese press relating to "Gypsy bands" (whose members were often but not always Romani) and builds a detailed picture of who the musicians were, where they played, and how the conditions of their employment affected their lives and their music-making. The press notices are collated with evidence from contemporaneous Hungarian sources as well as an analysis of the hundreds of recordings that these bands made in the first decade of the twentieth century.
In undertaking this first systematic examination of these different kinds of materials, Jon Banks's book provides a reanimation of some extraordinary personalities and careers in the light of their own achievements as well as their influence on others.