bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Odd skipped-related 1 controls the pro-regenerative response of fibro-adipogenic progenitors
Authors: Kotsaris Georgios , Qazi Taimoor H. , Bucher Christian H. , Zahid Hafsa , Pöhle-Kronawitter Sophie , Ugorets Vladimir , Jarassier William , Börno Stefan , Timmermann Bernd , Giesecke-Thiel Claudia , Economides Aris N. , Le Grand Fabien , Vallecillo-García Pedro , Knaus Petra , Geissler Sven , Stricker Sigmar
Published: April 2023

Skeletal muscle regeneration requires the coordinated interplay of diverse tissue-resident- and infiltrating cells. Fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are an interstitial cell population that provides a beneficial microenvironment for muscle stem cells (MuSCs) during muscle regeneration. Here we show that the transcription factor Osr1 is essential for FAPs to communicate with MuSCs and infiltrating macrophages, thus coordinating muscle regeneration. Conditional inactivation of Osr1 impaired muscle regeneration with reduced myofiber growth and formation of excessive fibrotic tissue with reduced stiffness. Osr1-deficient FAPs acquired a fibrogenic identity with altered matrix secretion and cytokine expression resulting in impaired MuSC viability, expansion and differentiation. Immune cell profiling suggested a novel role for Osr1-FAPs in macrophage polarization. In vitro analysis suggested that increased TGFβ signaling and altered matrix deposition by Osr1-deficient FAPs actively suppressed regenerative myogenesis. In conclusion, we show that Osr1 is central to FAP function orchestrating key regenerative events such as inflammation, matrix secretion and myogenesis.
Public remotely sensed data raise concerns about history of failed Jagersfontein dam
Authors: Torres-Cruz Luis Alberto , O’Donovan Christopher
Published: April 2023

A mine waste deposit known as a tailings dam recently failed in the town of Jagersfontein, South Africa. The failure occurred amidst global concern about the safety record of these structures. Herein we use public remotely sensed data to gain insights into the construction history of the dam. The data suggest a construction sequence that is inconsistent with sound tailings management practices: asymmetric deposition, erosion gullies, large ponds and absence of beaches. These observations highlight the criticality of adhering to good construction practices and the potential of public data to monitor such adherence. Additionally, we present commercially available very high resolution satellite images to illustrate some of the immediate consequences of the failure.
Spatiotemporal consistency of neural responses to repeatedly presented video stimuli accounts for population preferences
Authors: Hoshi Ayaka , Hirayama Yuya , Saito Fumihiro , Ishiguro Tatsuji , Suetani Hiromichi , Kitajo Keiichi
Published: April 2023

Population preferences for video advertisements vary across short video clips. What underlies these differences? Repeatedly watching a video clip may produce a consistent spatiotemporal pattern of neural activity that is dependent on the individual and the stimulus. Moreover, such consistency may be associated with the degree of engagement and memory of individual viewers. Since the population preferences are associated with the engagement and memory of the individual viewers, the consistency observed in a smaller group of viewers can be a predictor of population preferences. To test the hypothesis, we measured the degree of inter-trial consistency in participants’ electroencephalographic (EEG) responses to repeatedly presented television commercials. We observed consistency in the neural activity patterns across repetitive views and found that the similarity in the spatiotemporal patterns of neural responses while viewing popular television commercials predicts population preferences obtained from a large audience. Moreover, a regression model that used two datasets, including two separate groups of participants viewing different stimulus sets, showed good predictive performance in a leave-one-out cross-validation. These findings suggest that universal spatiotemporal patterns in EEG responses can account for population-level human behaviours.
Microfibrillar-associated protein 5 suppresses adipogenesis by inhibiting essential coactivator of PPARγ
Authors: Zhang Tianlong , Li Haoran , Sun Shiwei , Zhou Wuling , Zhang Tieqi , Yu Yueming , Wang Qiang , Wang Minghai
Published: April 2023

Femoral head necrosis is responsible for severe pain and its incidence is increasing. Abnormal adipogenic differentiation and fat cell hypertrophy of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells increase intramedullary cavity pressure, leading to osteonecrosis. By analyzing gene expression before and after adipogenic differentiation, we found that Microfibril-Associated Protein 5 (MFAP5) is significantly down-regulated in adipogenesis whilst the mechanism of MFAP5 in regulating the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells is unknown. The purpose of this study was to clarify the role of MAFP5 in adipogenesis and therefore provide a theoretical basis for future therapeutic options of osteonecrosis. By knockdown or overexpression of MFAP5 in C3H10 and 3T3-L1 cells, we found that MFAP5 was significantly down-regulated as a key regulator of adipogenic differentiation, and identified the underlying downstream molecular mechanism. MFAP5 directly bound to and inhibited the expression of Staphylococcal Nuclease And Tudor Domain Containing 1, an essential coactivator of PPARγ, exerting an important regulatory role in adipogenesis.
Comprehensive methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) evaluation method comparison using a laboratory generation system
Authors: Aubin Simon , Wingert Loïc , Gagné Sébastien , Breau Livain , Lesage Jacques
Published: April 2023

A comprehensive method comparison for the evaluation of airborne methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) with emphasis on how MDI is spatially distributed within sampling devices.
High value-added utilization of secondary aluminum ash & carbide slag: preparation of a high-performance adsorbent for rapid removal of fluoride from wastewater
Authors: Ren Yuanchuan , Xia Tao , Qu Guangfei , Ren Nanqi , Ning Ping , Chen Xiuping , Yang Yuyi , Wang Zuoliang , Hu Yan
Published: April 2023

TA-CS@SAA (tartaric acid modified calcium carbide slag doped with aluminum ash) with a large specific surface area was prepared by calcination and modification with tartaric acid and used as an adsorbent for removing fluoride from wastewater.
The effects of intercalated environmental gas molecules on carrier dynamics in WSe2/WS2heterostructures
Authors: Zhang Yanxue , Liu Hongsheng , Zhao Yanyan , Lin Jiaqi , Bai Yizhen , Zhao Jijun , Gao Junfeng
Published: April 2023

Effective tuning of carrier dynamics in two-dimensional (2D) materials is significant for multi-scene device applications.
An amorphous niobium polysulfide based nanocomposite enables ultrastable all-solid-state lithium batteries
Authors: Xie Wenrui , Chang Mingyuan , Fan Wentong , Yang Mengli , Tian Fuli , Xue Xiaolin , Zhao Xiaolei , He Hao , Yao Xiayin
Published: April 2023

An amorphous niobium polysulfide based nanocomposite with electronic/ionic conductive networks is prepared and further employed as a cathode for all-solid-state lithium batteries, exhibiting superior long-term cycling stability as well as high reversible capacity.
HFIP-promoted para-selective alkylation of anilines and phenols with tertiary alkyl bromides
Authors: Huang Pengcheng , Jiang Xipeng , Gao Du , Wang Cheng , Shi Da-Qing , Zhao Yingsheng
Published: April 2023

We have herein reported a hexafluoroisopropanol-promoted para-selective Friedel–Crafts alkylation of arenes. Preliminary mechanistic studies revealed that the intramolecular hydrogen bond network of HFIP was the key factor in realizing site-selectivity.
Attention‐based network embedding with higher‐order weights and node attributes
Authors: Mo Xian , Wan Binyuan , Tang Rui , Ding Junkai , Liu Guangdi
Published: April 2023

Network embedding aspires to learn a low‐dimensional vector of each node in networks, which can apply to diverse data mining tasks. In real‐life, many networks include rich attributes and temporal information. However, most existing embedding approaches ignore either temporal information or network attributes. A self‐attention based architecture using higher‐order weights and node attributes for both static and temporal attributed network embedding is presented in this article. A random walk sampling algorithm based on higher‐order weights and node attributes to capture network topological features is presented. For static attributed networks, the algorithm incorporates first‐order to k‐order weights, and node attribute similarities into one weighted graph to preserve topological features of networks. For temporal attribute networks, the algorithm incorporates previous snapshots of networks containing first‐order to k‐order weights, and nodes attribute similarities into one weighted graph. In addition, the algorithm utilises a damping factor to ensure that the more recent snapshots allocate a greater weight. Attribute features are then incorporated into topological features. Next, the authors adopt the most advanced architecture, Self‐Attention Networks, to learn node representations. Experimental results on node classification of static attributed networks and link prediction of temporal attributed networks reveal that our proposed approach is competitive against diverse state‐of‐the‐art baseline approaches.
Observer‐based integral sliding mode control for uncertain neutral semi‐Markovian jumping systems with time‐varying delays
Authors: Fu Qinhong , Xiong Lianglin , Zhang Haiyang , Shi Kaibo
Published: April 2023

This article studies the observer‐based integral sliding mode control (ISMC) problem for continuously uncertain neutral semi‐Markovian jumping systems with time‐varying delays (TDs). Firstly, based on the designed state observer, an ISMC method is proposed for the first time. Then, building an appropriate stochastic Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional by taking into account more information about TDs, a novel sufficient condition is established for the robustly stochastic stability of the overall system made up of the error system and the sliding mode dynamics system. Furthermore, an ISMC law is devised to ensure the reachability of the integral sliding surface in a finite time. Additionally, the proposed method can be reduced to the known state case, thus, the ISMC problem for continuously uncertain neutral semi‐Markovian jumping systems with TDs is also investigated in this article. Finally, three numerical examples explain the effectiveness of the results obtained.
Sonographic Monitoring of Growth of Uterine Myomas in Untreated Women and Respective Influence Factors
Authors: Seidel Vera , Wernecke Klaus Dieter , Bellingkrodt Antonia Lukrezia , Armbrust Robert , David Matthias
Published: April 2023

Research Question What are the growth patterns of uterine myomas in untreated premenopausal women? Which factors influence the growth rate of uterine myomas in premenopausal
women?

Method All premenopausal women who presented to the outpatient myoma consultation clinic between January 2005 and March 2022 at least twice were screened. Exclusion criteria were
hormonal therapy, pregnancy, and postmenopausal status.

Results A total of 189 patients were included in our study which focused on the respective largest uterine myoma of each woman. An ideal linear growth over time was assumed. Most
myomas (82%) increased in size. The mean annual growth of these myomas was 68.42 cm3. The most important prognostic factor for growth was the initial size of the myoma. The
absolute annual growth of myomas measuring > 50 cm3 at first presentation was higher compared to smaller myomas (p < 0.001). The relative annual growth rate was highest for
myomas measuring between 20 and 50 cm3 at the initial presentation (p = 0.003). The relative annual growth rate in women older than 40 years was significantly lower than that in
women below the age of 40 years (p = 0.003).

Conclusion Overall, it is difficult to make an individual prognosis about the growth pattern of a uterine myoma in a specific patient. It should be noted especially in asymptomatic
patients that spontaneous regression of myoma size can also occur in premenopausal women.
Complications Associated with Image-Guided Percutaneous Thermal Ablation of Liver Tumors
Authors: Arellano Ronald S.
Published: April 2023

Image-guided thermal ablation of liver cancer is a well-established treatment for patients with primary or secondary liver tumors. While the safety profile for liver ablations is high, several procedure-related complications can occur. An awareness of the potential complications, their recognition, and management are essential for the interventionist who performs liver ablation. This review will describe some of the most frequently encountered complications associated with image-guided thermal ablation of hepatic malignancies.
TEXplorer.org: Thermoelectric material properties data platform for experimental and first-principles calculation results
Authors: Lee Yea-Lee , Lee Hyungseok , Jang Seunghun , Shin Jeongho , Kim Taeshik , Byun Sejin , Chung In , Im Jino , Chang Hyunju
Published: April 2023

Scientific databases offer remarkable potential for solving complex questions in materials science, such as global optimization of materials and designing unknown materials for novel properties. ThermoElectric materials eXplorer (TEXplorer) is a web-based platform designed to collect and share all types of thermoelectric materials data, including synthesis information, materials characterization, transport measurements, and electronic structures obtained from experiments and computations. TEXplorer also provides valuable tools, such as an easy upload and download system, retrieval, automatic post-processing calculations, visualization of datasets, and toolkits for predicting thermoelectric properties through machine learning models. Using the platform, we collected and managed the thermoelectric dataset of SnSe and Bi2Te3 with various doping/alloying elements in this study in order to investigate the complex relationship between doping/alloying elements and the thermoelectric properties of host materials. The web-based interactive data platform enables efficient management and utilization of experimental and computational datasets, supporting the acceleration of data-driven materials research and autonomous material synthesis.
Ultrahigh-extinction-ratio and broadband all-silicon TM-pass polarizer by employing multimode anti-symmetric apodized Bragg grating
Authors: Cheng Guanglian , Yi Qiyuan , Yan Zhiwei , Li Qiyuan , Xu Fanglu , Sima Chaotan , Shen Li
Published: April 2023

On-chip polarizers are the essential components for polarization management in integrated systems. Hence, polarizers with broad operation bandwidth (BW), low insert loss (IL), and high polarization extinction ratio (PER) are highly desired. A broadband and ultra-high ER all-silicon transverse-magnetic-pass polarizer is presented and experimentally demonstrated on the 220 nm silicon-on-insulator platform. The proposed device consists of a TE1 mode filter and a multimode anti-symmetric apodized Bragg grating (MASABG). The MASABG works as a Bragg reflector to convert forward TE0 to backward TE1 mode, and then the reflected TE1 gradually evolves into the TE0 mode in the mode filter and finally leaks out. The device exhibits efficient polarization selectivity, facilitated by fully etched rectangular holes inside the waveguide to introduce strong periodic perturbations in the MASABG. Simulation results predict that the designed polarizer achieves ultra-high PER ∼60 dB with low IL < 0.2 dB at around 1550 nm, and the calculated BWs for PER >30 and >40 dB are estimated to be 275 and 268 nm, respectively. More importantly, the reflection of the eliminated TE polarization is suppressed to below −12 dB. For the fabricated polarizer, the measured BWs for PER >30 and >40 dB are about 260 and 150 nm, respectively, and the measured IL is <0.9 dB in a wide wavelength range of 1410–1700 nm.
Normative effect of economic inequality: empirical evidence about conspicuous consumption (Efecto normativo de la desigualdad económica: evidencias empíricas sobre el consumo conspicuo)
Authors: Velandia-Morales Andrea , Rodríguez-Bailón Rosa , Martínez Rocío
Published: April 2023

Economic inequality has negative consequences at different levels. At the individual level, it may affect social perception and configure specific features that may generate a normative climate. The current research’s main goals were (a) to analyse the effects of inequality on the attributions of others’ consumer behaviour and (b) to provide empirical evidence about how inequality configures normative consumer habits focusing on luxury consumption. This work includes three preregistered experimental studies. In Study 1 ( N = 276) and Study 2 ( N = 301), we used a between-participants design with two experimental conditions (high vs. low inequality). In Study 3, we reversed the order of the variables to identify whether luxury consumption triggered expectations about the levels of inequality in a specific context. Results showed that in high (vs. low) economic inequality settings, participants inferred more materialism, status-seeking, status anxiety and conspicuous consumption in others. Furthermore, luxury consumption became a predictor of economic inequality. Thus, economic inequality affects attribution processes and works as a clue to infer descriptive norms in a society.
P3HT vs Spiro-OMeTAD as a hole transport layer for halide perovskite indoor photovoltaics and self-powering of motion sensors
Authors: Wang Shaoyang , Kang Byeong-Cheol , Park Sang-Joon , Ha Tae-Jun , Krishnan Jagadamma Lethy
Published: April 2023

Recent years have witnessed the emergence of indoor photovoltaic (PV) devices with the rapid development of the Internet of things technology field. Among the candidates for indoor PVs, halide perovskites are attracting enormous attention due to their outstanding optoelectronic properties suitable for indoor light harvesting. Here we investigated the indoor PV properties of CH3NH3PbI3-based devices using Spiro-OMeTAD and P3HT as the hole transport layers. The Spiro-OMeTAD-based devices show a consistently higher power conversion efficiency under indoor illumination and 1 sun, with the champion devices showing a power conversion efficiency of 21.0% and 30.1% for the forward and reverse scan under 1000 lux warm white LED illumination. Fewer trap states and higher carrier lifetime were revealed for Spiro-OMeTAD based devices compared to P3HT. The best-performed Spiro-OMeTAD-based devices are used to self-power a wearable motion sensor, which could detect human motion in real-time, to create a primary sensor system with independent power management. By attaching the Spiro-OMeTAD indoor PV device to the strain sensor, the sensor exhibits an accurate and sensitive response with finger bending movements with good repeatability and negligible degradation of mechanical stability, which indicates the success of sensor powering with the indoor PV device.
Percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion following successful treatment of large bi-atrial thrombi in a patient with atrial fibrillation: a case report
Authors: Ng Kim Fong , Calvert Peter , Khalatbari Afshin , Lip Gregory Y H , Velavan Periaswamy , Gupta Dhiraj
Published: April 2023

Background

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a well-established risk factor for intracardiac thrombosis. Left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) is emerging as a viable alternative to oral anticoagulation (OAC) for high-risk AF patients who are contraindicated to long-term OAC.

Case summary

A 74-year-old man with a history of permanent AF and subdural haemorrhage on warfarin therapy was referred to our facility for further management. Cardiac CT imaging revealed large bi-atrial thrombi for which apixaban therapy was initiated. Serial imaging over nine months showed gradual shrinkage and then resolution of the thrombi. In line with the patient’s preference to avoid life-long OAC, he received LAAO using an Amplatzer™ Amulet™ device. Follow-up transoesophageal echocardiography showed a well-seated device with no leak and no thrombus.

Discussion

We discussed the key issues surrounding management of bi-atrial thrombi and the decision to perform LAAO in these circumstances, relying on shared decision making and multi-disciplinary team input.
Rewriting the Story of Mid- and Late-Life Family Caregiving: Applying a Narrative Identity Framework
Authors: Mroz Emily L , Monin Joan K , Gaugler Joseph E , Matta-Singh Tara D , Fried Terri R
Published: April 2023

Family caregivers of older people with health needs often provide long-term, intensive support. Caregivers are, in turn, shaped by these caregiving experiences. According to the narrative identity framework, self-narratives from lived experiences influence self-beliefs and behaviors. We assert that family caregiving experiences, filtered through individuals’ memory systems as self-narratives, provide substantial scaffolding for navigating novel challenges in late life. Self-narratives from caregiving can guide positive self-beliefs and behaviors, leading to constructive health-focused outcomes, but they also have the potential to guide negative self-beliefs or behaviors, causing adverse consequences for navigating late-life health. We advocate for incorporating the narrative identity framework into existing caregiving stress models and for new programs of research that examine central mechanisms by which caregiving self-narratives guide self-beliefs and behavioral outcomes. To provide a foundation for this research, we outline 3 domains in which caregiving self-narratives may substantially influence health-related outcomes. This article concludes with recommendations for supporting family caregivers moving forward, highlighting narrative therapy interventions as innovative options for reducing the negative consequences of maladaptive caregiving self-narratives.
Hepatic-to-azygos vein redirection after a failed bifurcated graft Fontan conversion
Authors: Koizumi Junichi , Ikai Akio , Iwase Tomoyuki , Kin Hajime
Published: April 2023

A successful hepatic-to-azygos vein redirection was performed in a patient with absent inferior vena cava using a long vascular graft to address a pulmonary arterio-venous fistula after a failed Fontan conversion. No exacerbation was observed 5 years postoperatively.
Phylogenetic systematics, diversification, and biogeography of Cerurinae (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) and a description of a new genus
Authors: St Laurent Ryan A , Goldstein Paul Z , Miller James S , Markee Amanda , Staude Hermann S , Kawahara Akito Y , Miller Scott E , Robbins Robert K
Published: April 2023

We present the first dated molecular phylogeny of the Cerurinae moths (Notodontidae), based on sequence data for 666 loci generated by anchored hybrid enrichment. Monophyly of Cerurinae is corroborated, which includes the following genera: Pararethona Janse, Pseudorethona Janse, Oreocerura Kiriakoff, stat. rev., Cerurella Kiriakoff, Notocerura Kiriakoff, Hampsonita Kiriakoff, Afrocerura Kiriakoff, Cerurina Kiriakoff, Neoharpyia Daniel, Furcula Lamarck, Neocerura Matsumura, Americerura St Laurent and Goldstein, gen. nov., Cerura Schrank, and Kamalia Koçak & Kemal. The type species of the Neotropical genus Tecmessa Burmeister, T. annulipes (Berg), which had been incorrectly assigned to Cerurinae, is recovered in Heterocampinae; and Americeruragen. nov. is proposed to receive 17 unambiguously cerurine species transferred from Tecmessa. Divergence time estimates recover a crown age of Notodontidae roughly coincident with the K-Pg boundary, and a late-Oligocene crown age for Cerurinae. An African origin is inferred for Cerurinae, followed by colonization of the Palearctic, the Americas, Indomalaya, and Australasia during the Miocene. At least three independent colonizations of the Americas are inferred, one in the mid-Miocene associated with ancestral Americeruragen. nov. and two in the Pliocene and Pleistocene within Furcula. We hypothesize that the global spread of Cerurinae was enabled by that of its primary caterpillar foodplants in the Salicaceae. State-dependent diversification analyses suggest that cerurines diversified most rapidly in temperate climates.
“This Won’t Hurt a Bit”: Is There a Role for Music in Bedside Procedures?
Authors: Vijay Aishwarya , Hauser Joshua M.
Published: April 2023

Music has played a long and storied role in clinical healing. However, the integration of music into clinical practice has been slow to gain traction, despite a recent meta-analysis demonstrating association of music interventions with clinically meaningful improvements in health-related quality of life. There is growing evidence that music has an active role in reducing patient pain and anxiety as well as affecting physiologic parameters, such as heart rate and blood pressure, in an ICU setting. Past studies have shown that incorporation of music into procedures in the operating room, radiology suites, and catheterization labs has reduced concurrent pharmacologic sedation requirements. In the age of patient-centered personalized medicine, we propose a call to action to implement an easily accessible, attainable checklist item offering a personal choice of music for patients during standardized bedside procedural training, to reduce anxiety, pain, and pharmacologic sedation and potentially improve clinical outcomes.
Pharmacogenetics of cardiovascular drugs
Authors: Saleh Ateka , Al-Abcha Abdullah , Pereira Naveen
Published: April 2023

Purpose of review

Advances in pharmacogenomics have paved the way for personalized medicine. The purpose of this review is to summarize the background, rationale, and evidence for pharmacogenomics in cardiovascular medicine.

Recent findings

Randomized clinical trials have supported the role of a genotype-guided approach for antiplatelet therapy in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions. Additionally, there is increasing evidence supporting the association of certain genetic variants and risk of statin associated muscle symptoms. Furthermore, germline genetic variation is being used as a biomarker to target patients with specific therapy.

Pharmacogenomics has the potential to improve patient care by providing the right drug to the right patient and could guide the identification of novel drug therapies for cardiovascular disease.
Can ex-situ normothermic perfusion improve graft survival compared to static cold storage among donation after circulatory death liver allografts?
Authors: Ibeabuchi Tobenna , Li Eric , Bittermann Therese , Mahmud Nadim , Abt Peter L.
Published: April 2023

Limited data suggest that ex-situ normothermic liver perfusion (ENLP) may improve the outcomes of donation after circulatory death (DCD) liver transplants compared to static cold storage (SCS). All adult DCD liver transplants performed between 2016 and 2021 were identified in the United Network of Organ Sharing database. ENLP liver transplants were compared to SCS using inverse probability of treatment weighting to balance clinical and demographic confounders. The primary analysis simulated intention-to-treat with inverse probability of treatment weighting-adjusted Cox models. Compared to SCS DCDs (N = 3,079), recipients of ENLP DCDs (N = 65) had lower Model of End Stage Liver Disease scores at transplant (16.5 v. 18.8, p = 0.033), longer wait times (468 ± 720 vs. 246 ± 467 d; p < 0.001), and received livers from donors with a greater BMI (29.2 vs. 27.5; p = 0.008). ENLP preservation was associated with a lower risk of graft failure (HR 0.31 vs. SCS, 95% CI:0.12–0.86, p = 0.023) and a lower incidence of retransplantation. A sub-analysis restricted to the 20 centers performing ENLP, encompassing 946 SCS DCDs, demonstrated similar results: (HR 0.33 vs. SCS, 95% CI: 0.13–0.94, p = 0.021). Among 111 patients who required retransplantation and where the etiology of graft failure was identified, graft failure due to ischemic cholangiopathy was noted in 1 ENLP and 46 SCS. In this retrospective analysis of the early US DCD ENLP experience, there may exist a graft survival benefit to transplants performed with ENLP compared to SCS.
Validation of the JAMR F1701T (arm type) pressure monitor according to the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation/European Society of Hypertension/ISO 81060-2:2018 protocol
Authors: Li Jing , Han Li-Hong , Feng Ru , Wu Li-Hao , Cai Jie , Zeng Tian-Ying , Liu Hui , Zeng Ya-Wen , Zhou Li , Zhan Zhong-Qun
Published: April 2023

To validate the JAMR F1701T (arm type) blood pressure (BP) monitor according to the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation/European Society of Hypertension/International Organization for Standardization (AAMI/ESH/ISO) Universal Standard (ISO 81060-2:2018). A total of 90 subjects (male 60 and female 30) were recruited to fulfill the criteria of the AAMI/ESH/ISO Universal Standard (the number, gender, age, limber size, and BP distribution), and sequential measurements of BP, including both SBP and DBP were obtained using the test device and the standard mercury sphygmomanometer. A total of 270 sets of comparison data (three sets of each subject) were obtained and analyzed. According to the validation criterion 1 of ISO 81060-2:2018, the mean ± SD of the differences between the JAMR F1701T and mercury sphygmomanometer BP (systolic/diastolic) readings was 2.06 ± 6.83/−4.84 ± 5.23 mmHg. For criterion 2, the SD of the averaged BP (systolic/diastolic) differences between the JAMR F1701 and reference BP (systolic/diastolic) per participant was 5.62/4.39 mmHg (the requirement was ≤6.43/5.01 mmHg by calculation). The JAMR F1701T met all the requirements of the ISO 81060-2:2018, and can be recommended for clinical and self/home use.
John William Scott (‘Ian’) Cassels. 11 July 1922—27 July 2015
Authors: Dietmann Rainer , Fisher Tom , Smyth Chris , Velani Sanju
Published: April 2023

J. W. S. Cassels was a distinguished number theorist, who was Sadleirian Professor in Cambridge from 1967 to 1984. He worked in many areas of the subject. Perhaps his greatest contribution was concerning Elliptic Curves, much of which is described in a series of eight ground-breaking papers. He also made significant contributions to Diophantine Approximation, Geometry of Numbers and Quadratic Forms, as well as writing influential textbooks on all of these areas. Furthermore, he was an early exponent of the use of computers as an experimental tool in number theory.
Integrated CO
2
capture and reverse water–gas shift reaction over CeO
2
-CaO dual functional materials
Authors: Sun Shuzhuang , Zhang Chen , Chen Sining , Zhao Xiaotong , Wang Yuanyuan , Xu Shaojun , Wu Chunfei
Published: April 2023

Achieving carbon neutrality is one of the most important tasks to meet the environmental challenges due to excessive CO
2
emissions. Integrated CO
2
capture and utilization (ICCU) represents an effective process for direct utilization of CO
2
-contained exhaust gas (e.g. flue gas), in which converting the captured CO
2
into CO via reverse water–gas shift (RWGS) reaction is a promising route. The dual functional materials (DFMs), containing CO
2
adsorbents and catalysts, are widely applied to achieve ICCU. The conventional active metals (Ni, Fe, etc.)-based DFMs and non-transition metal DFMs (e.g. CaO) are restricted by low CO selectivity, catalytic efficiency or CO generation in the CO
2
capture step. To address the above obstructs in the application of DFMs, the metal oxides-based DFMs, MO
x
-CaO (M = Al, Ce, Ti or Zr), are synthesized and evaluated. The CeO
2
-CaO outperformed the other metal oxides-based DFMs and possessed significantly improved catalytic performance. It is found that 33% CeO
2
-CaO DFM displayed approximately 49% CO
2
conversion and approximately 100% CO selectivity in integrated CO
2
capture and reverse water–gas shift reaction (ICCU-RWGS) at 650°C, while CaO-alone only achieved approximately 20% CO
2
conversion at the same condition. The surface basicity of CeO
2
is revealed to contribute to the improved catalytic performance by enhancing CO
2
chemisorption and activation in the hydrogenation step. Furthermore, CeO
2
-CaO material possessed excellent cycle stability in 20 cycles ICCU-RWGS, achieving a sustainable and high-efficient performance in CO
2
conversion and CO selectivity.
Paenibacillus soyae sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere of soya bean
Authors: Zhao Hui , Su Yue , Gu Qihui , Zhang Jumei , Xie Xinqiang , Wu Qingping
Published: April 2023

A Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, agar-hydrolytic and rod-shaped bacterium with peritrichous ﬂagellation, designated strain SCIV0701T, was isolated from soya bean rhizosphere soil collected from Bazhong, Sichuan Province, PR China and characterized by using polyphasic taxonomy. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SCIV0701T belonged to the genus

Paenibacillus

, and showed highest similarity to

Paenibacillus nanensis

MX2-3T (97.59 %),

Paenibacillus paeoniae

M4BSY-1T (97.45 %) and

Paenibacillus pinisoli

NB5T (97.45 %). The average nucleotide identity values and in silico DNA–DNA hybridization scores between strain SCIV0701T and

P. nanensis

MX2-3T,

P. paeoniae

M4BSY-1T and

P. pinisoli

NB5T were lower than recommended thresholds of 95% and 70 %, respectively, for species delineation. Menaquinone-7 was the predominant respiratory quinone. The polar lipids contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, two unidentified phospholipids and one unidentified aminophospholipid. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, C16 : 00 and iso-C16 : 0. Physiological and biochemical features diﬀerentiated strain SCIV0701T from the closely related

Paenibacillus

species. Based on the results of polyphasic taxonomic analysis, strain SCIV0701T represents a novel species of the genus

Paenibacillus

, for which the name Paenibacillus soyae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SCIV0701T (=GDMCC 1.2482T=JCM 34672T).
A positive feedback loop between ZEB2 and ACSL4 regulates lipid metabolism to promote breast cancer metastasis
Authors: Lin Jiamin , Zhang Pingping , Liu Wei , Liu Guorong , Zhang Juan , Yan Min , Duan Yuyou , Yang Na
Published: April 2023

Lipid metabolism plays a critical role in cancer metastasis. However, the mechanisms through which metastatic genes regulate lipid metabolism remain unclear. Here, we describe a new oncogenic-metabolic feedback loop between the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) transcription factor ZEB2 and the key lipid enzyme ACSL4 (long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 4), resulting in enhanced cellular lipid storage and fatty acid oxidation to drive breast cancer metastasis. Functionally, Depletion of ZEB2 or ACSL4 significantly reduced lipid droplets (LD) abundance and cell migration. ACSL4 overexpression rescued the invasive capabilities of the ZEB2 knockdown cells, suggesting that ACSL4 is crucial for ZEB2-mediated metastasis. Mechanistically, ZEB2 activated ACSL4 expression by directly binding to the ACSL4 promoter. ACSL4 binds to and stabilizes ZEB2 by reducing ZEB2 ubiquitination. Notably, ACSL4 not only promotes the intracellular lipogenesis and lipid droplet accumulation but also enhances fatty acid oxidation (FAO) and ATP production by upregulating the FAO rate-limiting enzyme CPT1A (carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 isoform A). Finally, we demonstrated that ACSL4 knockdown significantly reduced metastatic lung nodes in vivo. In conclusion, we reveal a novel positive regulatory loop between ZEB2 and ACSL4, which promotes LD storage to meet the energy needs of breast cancer metastasis, and identify the ZEB2-ACSL4 signaling axis as an attractive therapeutic target for overcoming breast cancer metastasis.

Highlights

ZEB2 activates FAO through transcription of ACSL4

ACSL4 regulates lipid metabolism through FAO, promoting breast cancer metastasis Targeting ZEB2-ACSL4 signaling axis inhibits breast cancer metastasis

Significance

We describe a novel positive feedback loop between ZEB2 and ACSL4 that results in enhanced cellular lipid storage and FA oxidation to drive breast cancer metastasis.
Deterministic and stochastic processes generating alternative states of microbiomes
Authors: Hayashi Ibuki , Fujita Hiroaki , Toju Hirokazu
Published: April 2023

The structure of microbial communities is often classified into discrete or semi-discrete compositions of taxa as represented by “enterotypes” of human gut microbiomes. Elucidating mechanisms that generate such “alternative states” of microbiome compositions has been one of the major challenges in ecology and microbiology. In a time-series analysis of experimental microbiomes, we here show that both deterministic and stochastic ecological processes drive divergence of alternative microbiome states. We introduced species-rich soil-derived microbiomes into eight types of culture media with 48 replicates, monitoring shifts in community compositions at six time points (8 media × 48 replicates × 6 time points = 2,304 community samples). We then confirmed that microbial community structure diverged into a few discrete states in each of the eight medium conditions as predicted in the presence of both deterministic and stochastic community processes. In other words, microbiome structure was differentiated into a small number of reproducible compositions under the same environment. This fact indicates not only the presence of selective forces leading to specific equilibria of community-scale resource use but also the influence of demographic drift (fluctuations) across basins of such equilibria. A reference-genome analysis further suggested that the observed alternative states differed in ecosystem-level functions. These findings will help us examine how microbiome structure and functions can be controlled by changing the “stability landscapes” of ecological community compositions.
ST3Gal1 synthesis of Siglec ligands mediates anti-tumour immunity in prostate cancer
Authors: Garnham Rebecca , Geh Daniel , Nelson Ryan , Ramon-Gill Erik , Wilson Laura , Schmidt Edward N , Walker Laura , Adamson Beth , Buskin Adriana , Hepburn Anastasia , Hodgson Kirsty , Kendall Hannah , Frame Fiona M , Maitland Norman , Coffey Kelly , Robson Craig N , Elliott David J , Heer Rakesh , Macauley Matthew , Munkley Jennifer , Gaughan Luke , Leslie Jack , Scott Emma
Published: April 2023

Immune checkpoint blockade trials have yet to produce a robust anti-cancer response in prostate cancer patients as a monotherapy due to the immunosuppressed prostate cancer tumour immune microenvironment. ST3Gal1 and other sialyltransferases are implicated in cancer and immune suppression by synthesizing sialoglycans, which act as ligands for Siglec receptors. These checkpoints are important for the immune response. However, it’s unclear how the synthesis of Siglec ligands is regulated, and little is known about the role of sialoglycan-Siglec-axis in prostate cancer’s evasion of anti-tumour immunity. We report that ST3Gal1 levels negatively correlate with androgen signalling in prostate tumours. Utilising syngeneic mouse models, we demonstrate that ST3Gal1 plays an important role in modulating tumour immune evasion. Using mouse models, patient samples andin vitromodels we show that ST3Gal1 synthesises sialoglycans with the capacity to engage the Siglec-7 and Siglec-9 immunoreceptors preventing immune clearance of cancer cells. For the first time we provide evidence of the expression of Siglec-7/9 ligands and their respective immunoreceptors in prostate tumours. Importantly, we show that these interactions can be modulated by enzalutamide and may maintain immune suppression in enzalutamide treated tumours. We conclude that the activity of ST3Gal1 is critical to prostate cancer anti-tumour immunity and provide rationale for the use of glyco-immune checkpoint targeting therapies in advanced prostate cancer.
Genetic associations among internalizing and externalizing traits with polysubstance use among young adults
Authors: Brick Leslie A , Benca-Bachman Chelsie E , Johnson Emma C , Gustavson Daniel E. , Carper Matthew , Palmer Rohan HC
Published: April 2023

Though most genetic studies of substance use focus on specific substances in isolation or generalized vulnerability across multiple substances, few studies to date focus on the concurrent use of two or more substances within a specified time frame (i.e., polysubstance use; PSU). We evaluated whether distinct genetic factors underlying internalizing and externalizing traits were associated with past 30-day PSU above variance shared across general psychopathology and substance use (SU). Using Genomic Structural Equation Modeling, we constructed theory-driven, multivariate genetic factors of 16 internalizing, externalizing, and SU traits using genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics. Next, we fit a model with a higher order SU-related psychopathology factor as well as genetic variance specific to externalizing and internalizing (i.e., residual genetic variance not explained by SU or general psychopathology). GWAS-by-subtraction was used to obtain single nucleotide polymorphism effects on each of these factors. Polygenic scores (PGS) were then created in an independent target sample with data on PSU, the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. To evaluate the effect of genetic variance due to internalizing and externalizing traits independent of variance related to SU, we regressed PSU on the PGSs, controlling for sex, age, and genetic principal components. PGSs for SU-related psychopathology and non-SU externalizing traits were associated with higher PSU factor scores, while the non-SU internalizing PGS was not significantly associated with PSU. In total, the three PGSs accounted for an additional 4% of the variance in PSU above and beyond a null model with only age, sex, and genetic principal components as predictors. These findings suggest that there may be unique genetic variance in externalizing traits contributing to liability for PSU that is independent of the genetic variance shared with SU.
Passive exposure to task-relevant stimuli enhances categorization learning
Authors: Schmid Christian , Haziq Muhammad , Baese-Berk Melissa M. , Murray James M. , Jaramillo Santiago
Published: April 2023

Learning to perform a perceptual decision task is generally achieved through sessions of effortful practice with feedback. Here, we investigated how passive exposure to task-relevant stimuli, which is relatively effortless and does not require feedback, influences active learning. First, we trained mice in a sound-categorization task with various schedules combining passive exposure and active training. Mice that received passive exposure exhibited faster learning, regardless of whether this exposure occurred entirely before active training or was interleaved between active sessions. We next trained neural-network models with different architectures and learning rules to perform the task. Networks that use the statistical properties of stimuli to enhance separability of the data via unsupervised learning during passive exposure provided the best account of the behavioral observations. We further found that, during interleaved schedules, there is an increased alignment between weight updates from passive exposure and active training, such that a few interleaved sessions can be as effective as schedules with long periods of passive exposure before active training, consistent with our behavioral observations. These results provide key insights for the design of efficient training schedules that combine active learning and passive exposure in both natural and artificial systems.
Activation mechanism and activity of globupain, a thermostable C11 protease from the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge hydrothermal system
Authors: Røyseth Victoria , Hurysz Brianna M , Kaczorowska Anna , Dorawa Sebastian , Fedøy Anita-Elin , Arsin Hasan , Serafim Mateus , Werbowy Olesia , Kaczorowski Tadeusz , Stokke Runar , O’Donoghue Anthony J , Steen Ida Helene
Published: April 2023

Deep-sea hydrothermal vent systems with prevailing extreme thermal conditions for life offer unique habitats to source heat tolearant enzymes with potential new enzymatic properties. Here, we present the novel C11 proteaseglobupain, prospected from a metagenome-assembled genome of uncultivatedArchaeoglobalessampled from the Soria Moria hydrothermal vent system located on the Arctic Mid- Ocean Ridges. By sequence comparisons against the MEROPS-MPRO database, globupain showed highest sequence identity to C11-like proteases present in human gut and intestinal bacteria,. Successful recombinant expression inEscherichia coliof the active zymogen and 13 mutant substitution variants allowed assesment of residues involved in maturation and activity of the enzyme. For activation, globupain required the addition of DTT and Ca²⁺. When activated, the 52 kDa proenzyme was processed at Lys137and Lys144into a 12 kDa light- and 32 kDa heavy chain heterodimer. A structurally conserved His132/Cys185catalytic dyad was responsible for the proteolytic activity, and the enzyme demonstrated the ability to activatein-trans. Globupain exhibited caseinolytic activity and showed a strong preference for arginine in the P1 position, with Boc-QAR- aminomethylcoumarin (AMC) as the best substrate out of a total of 17 fluorogenic AMC substrates tested. Globupain was thermostable (Tm activated enzyme= 94.51 ± 0.09°C) with optimal activity at 75 °C and pH 7.1. By characterizing globupain, our knowledge of the catalytic properties and activation mechanisms of temperature tolerant marine C11 proteases have been expanded. The unique combination of features such as elevated thermostability, activity at relatively low pH values, and ability to operate under high reducing conditions makes globupain a potential intriguing candidate for use in diverse industrial and biotechnology sectors.
Super-resolution mapping of anisotropic tissue structure with diffusion MRI and deep learning
Authors: Abramian David , Eklund Anders , Özarslan Evren
Published: April 2023

Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (diffusion MRI) is widely employed to probe the diffusive motion of water molecules within the tissue. Numerous diseases and processes affecting the central nervous system can be detected and monitored via diffusion MRI thanks to its sensitivity to microstructural alterations in tissue. The latter has prompted interest in quantitative mapping of the microstructural parameters, such as the fiber orientation distribution function (fODF), which is instrumental for noninvasively mapping the underlying axonal fiber tracts in white matter through a procedure known as tractography. However, such applications demand repeated acquisitions of MRI volumes with varied experimental parameters demanding long acquisition times and/or limited spatial resolution. In this work, we present a deep-learning-based approach for increasing the spatial resolution of diffusion MRI data in the form of fODFs obtained through constrained spherical deconvolution. The proposed approach is evaluated on high quality data from the Human Connectome Project, and is shown to generate upsampled results with a greater correspondence to ground truth high-resolution data than can be achieved with ordinary spline interpolation methods.
Trimethylphosphine oxide dihydrate
Authors: Urlep Matic , Cerkovnik Janez , Lozinšek Matic
Published: April 2023

The title hydrate, Me3PO·2H2O, crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbca with eight formula units per unit cell. The extended structure displays O—H...O hydrogen bonding, with Me3PO molecules as acceptors and water molecules acting as donors and acceptors of hydrogen bonds, forming hydrogen-bonded layers, which propagate in the ac plane.