bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ISSUES OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS: A BRIEF RESPONSE OF INDIA
Authors: Siddiqui Shazia , Singha Sukanya
Published: October 2024

The astounding numbers of 47 million new internal displacements tell a harrowing tale as the planet grapples with conflicts and disasters," stated Ugochi Daniels, deputy director general of the International Organization for Migration (IOM). "This report is a stark reminder of the urgent and coordinated need to expand disaster risk reduction, support peacebuilding, ensure the protection of human rights and whenever possible, prevent the displacement before it happens.
DIABETIC FOOT ULCER CLASSIFICATION USING SEQUENTIAL CNN ALGORITHM
Authors: Priyatharsini C  , Sivasuriya S  , Sornamukesh B  , Sugavaneshwaran M  , Sabeswarar A V
Published: October 2024

The occurrence of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) and their possible consequences provide a major healthcare challenge. For prompt care and the avoidance of serious problems, early and accurate detection of DFUs is essential. This study proposes a novel approach for automatic DFU detection utilizing Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), a powerful deep learning technique proven effective in image analysis. A large dataset of foot photos covering a variety of DFU types, phases, and circumstances is used to train the suggested CNN model. The training process involves learning intricate patterns and features indicative of DFUs, enabling the model to generalize well to unseen data. The CNN algorithm's effectiveness in feature extraction and spatial hierarchy learning is harnessed to identify subtle visual cues associated with DFUs, enhancing diagnostic accuracy. The proposed system is designed to operate on medical images, particularly those obtained through various imaging modalities such as digital photography or thermal imaging. Through rigorous validation and performance evaluation, the CNN model exhibits promising results, showcasing its potential as a reliable tool for automated DFU detection.The integration of this technology into clinical practice holds the promise of expediting the diagnostic process, facilitating timely medical interventions, and ultimately improving patient outcomes. This research contributes to the ongoing efforts in leveraging advanced technologies to address critical healthcare challenges, particularly in the realm of diabetic care and wound management.
Teachers’ perceived perspective and selfefficacy in teaching EFL using Intelligent Computer-Assisted Language Learning (ICALL): A rigorous analysis
Authors: Pratama Raga , Lestari Lies , Kirkgöz Yasemin , Imaniar Fahmy
Published: October 2024

This study aims to describe Indonesian EFL teachers’ perceived perspective and self-efficacy in EFL teaching using ICALL, reveal the prominent factor influencing each variable, and examine the effect of the perceived perspective on their self-efficacy. This study used a cross-sectional survey design with a quantitative approach. There were 284 Indonesian EFL teachers taught in secondary schools chosen using a voluntary sampling technique as the respondents. Data were obtained by employing a Perceptify-ICALL questionnaire with forty items using a six-point Likert’s scaling method (α = .839). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, hierarchical multiple regression, and MANOVA. Results showed that teachers’ perceived perspective was in a very high category, but not for their self-efficacy. The prominent factor influencing their perspective was the support and facilities provided by the school and government in succeeding EFL teaching using ICALL. Whereas the most influencing factor of their self-efficacy was their skills in operating computers and AI. Another finding was the fact that the teachers’ perceived perspective significantly affected teachers’ mastery experience. 2Pratama, Lestari, Kirkgöz & Imaniar: Intelligent Computer-Assisted Language Learning The JALT CALL Journal vol. 20 no.3 This study suggests that Indonesian EFL teachers’ perceived perspective in EFL teaching using ICALL is well constructed, but their efficacy is on the contrary due to lower skills in operating computers and AI-powered devices or programs. Future professional development programs in improving the teachers’ computer and AI-operation skills are suggested to be undertaken as well as bringing the ICALL-based approach to EFL learning.
ENTREVISTA COM A ESCRITORA BRASILEIRA VERENILDE PEREIRA
Authors: Godinho Sandra
Published: October 2024

.
O MAR NOS OLHOS DE ROSA
Authors: Rodrigues Pereira Rozalina
Published: October 2024

.
Apresentação
Authors: Sousa Oleneva Sanches , Fonseca Adriano , Rosa Milton
Published: October 2024

Apresentação da Edição Especial EtnoMatemaTicas: Grupos de Estudo e Pesquisa da revista e-Almanaque EtnoMatemaTicas Brasis, v. 2024, n. 2, 2024.
“1 + 1 é sempre mais que 2”: a colaboração no Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Etnociências e Etnomatemática (GEtCiMat) da UFRRJ
Authors: Vianna Márcio de Albuquerque
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo apresenta algumas das concepções de trabalho coletivo, cooperativo e colaborativo dos membros do Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Etnociências e Etnomatemática (GEtCiMat) da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ) em estudos acadêmicos, além de algumas de suas ações sinérgicas na pesquisa e na extensão universitária, no sentido de contribuir para o desenvolvimento educacional das escolas da região. A partir dessas ações, são considerados aspectos necessários na formação inicial e continuada dos professores em ciências e matemática no sentido de contribuir para a reflexão de suas práticas docentes com base nas perspectivas da Etnomatemática, da Etnociência e da Educação Matemática Crítica, com um olhar cuidadoso no que tange às questões decoloniais nas práticas escolares.

Palavras-chave: Cooperação. Colaboração. Sinergia. Formação docente. Decolonialidade.
GETUFF: Duas Décadas de Contribuições para a Etnomatemática e Educação Matemática
Authors: Fantinato Maria Cecilia , Freitas Adriano Vargas
Published: October 2024

Neste artigo apresentamos o Grupo de Etnomatemática da Universidade Federal Fluminense (GETUFF) e sua trajetória. Fundado em setembro de 2004, é um núcleo de estudos dedicado à Etnomatemática que se destaca por suas contribuições na formação de professores e pesquisadores. Inicialmente focado na relação entre Etnomatemática e Educação de Jovens e Adultos, o GETUFF expandiu suas discussões para abranger temas como currículos escolares, educação quilombola, educação indígena e decolonialidade. Com uma metodologia colaborativa, o grupo promove encontros semanais para troca de experiências e saberes. Como fruto deste movimento, apresentamos recortes de algumas produções de seus membros, tais como teses, dissertações, livros, palestras e eventos. O artigo finaliza destacando movimentações futuras para as comemorações das duas décadas de existência deste Grupo.

Palavras-chave: Etnomatemática. Grupo de pesquisa. Trabalho colaborativo. Formação de professores. Formação de pesquisadores.
DISCRIMINAÇÕES E VULNERABILIDADES: DIÁLOGOS NO CONTEXTO DA PESSOA COM DEFICIÊNCIA E DA PESSOA IDOSA
Authors: Paccagnella Amanda Formisano , Luciano Júlia Rocha , Marchetto Patrícia Borba , Spinieli André Luiz Pereira , Martins Andressa Kézia , Brasil Deilton Ribeiro , Prado Francine Garcia , Mendes Stefania Fraga , Laprano Caio , Teixeira Maria Cristina , Silva Nathália Eugênia Nascimento e , Almeida Victor Hugo de , Carmo Bárbara Viotto do , Oliveira Guilherme Ferreira de , Maciel Suely , Dias Joelson , Gil Marta , Mendonça Rita , Oliveira Êmilly
Published: October 2024

A obra intitulada “Discriminações e vulnerabilidades: diálogos no contexto da pessoa com deficiência e da pessoa idosa” assume como propósito primário o aprofundamento de conceitos, categorias, temas e problemas que estão relacionados à participação social das pessoas com deficiência e das pessoas idosas. Fruto das investigações acadêmicas produzidas no âmbito do Grupo de Pesquisa “Direito à Inclusão e Acessibilidade das Pessoas com Deficiência e Mobilidade Reduzida”, chancelado pelo CNPq e em funcionamento desde 2020, esta obra reúne abordagens contemporâneas produzidas em diferentes áreas do conhecimento, como o Direito, a Filosofia, as Ciências Sociais, a Arquitetura e Urbanismo e correlatas, que dialogam não apenas com o problema das práticas discriminatórias e da produção de vulnerabilidades, mas também entre si. Os olhares que são apresentados em cada um dos textos partem do pressuposto de que arranjos discriminatórios, como o capacitismo e a exclusão etária, são dinâmicas originadas a partir de uma mesma matriz de dominação, fundada especialmente na naturalização do binarismo dos corpos entre normais e anormais, produtivos e improdutivos. A partir desse critério, as pesquisas dialogam entre si com a pretensão de fornecer um arcabouço teórico sólido aos acadêmicos interessados nessas temáticas, além de provocar a emergência normativa e de políticas públicas no país.
A EMERGÊNCIA DA “TEORIA CRIP”: NOTAS PARA CONCILIAÇÕES ENTRE GÊNERO E DEFICIÊNCIA
Authors: Spinieli André Luiz Pereira , Leite Flávia Piva Almeida
Published: October 2024

Neste trabalho, propomos uma análise sobre os processos fundantes da “teoria crip”, cuja finalidade corresponde às aproximações e diálogos possíveis entre as temáticas de gênero e os estudos sobre deficiência. No texto, buscamos comprovar que a “teoria crip”, apesar de abordagens que sugerem o seu caráter substitutivo frente aos estudos sobre deficiência, trata-se de uma leitura decorrente dos estudos jurídicos críticos e, por essa razão, dotada de relevante potencialidade epistemológica e política.
Palavras-chave: Deficiência; Teoria Crip; Estudos sobre Deficiência.
O ESVAZIAMENTO DAS COTAS PREVISTAS NO ART. 93 DA LEI N. 8.213/1991 COMO MAIS UM DOS VIESES PRECARIZANTES DA TERCEIRIZAÇÃO NO BRASIL: REPERCUSSÕES NO CONTEXTO LABOR-AMBIENTAL DA PESSOA COM DEFICIÊNCIA
Authors: Silva Nathália Eugênia Nascimento e , Almeida Victor Hugo de
Published: October 2024

Tendo em vista a noção gestáltica e multifatorial do meio ambiente do trabalho, bem como à luz da Teoria da Perspectiva Labor-ambiental, cujo postulado orienta haver inter-relação e interdependência, direta e indireta, entre trabalhador-ambiente, busca-se analisar as repercussões do fenômeno da terceirização no alcance e cumprimento das cotas legais asseguradas, por previsão normativa do art. 93 da Lei n. 8.213/1991, ao trabalhador com deficiência. Quanto aos procedimentos metodológicos, adota-se, como método de procedimento, o levantamento por meio da técnica de pesquisa bibliográfica; e, como método de abordagem, o dedutivo. Conclui-se que, em razão da permissão ampla e irrestrita do fenômeno da terceirização no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, a consecução do direito fundamental ao trabalho da pessoa com deficiência exige uma reanálise legal, jurisprudencial e por parte das empresas, no cumprimento de sua função social, do instituto das cotas, sob pena de completo esvaziamento e precarização.
Palavras-chave: Pessoas com deficiência; sistema de cotas; Teoria da Perspectiva Labor-ambiental; terceirização.
TRABALHO DOMÉSTICO E ESCRAVIDÃO CONTEMPORÂNEA: VISIBILIZANDO QUESTÕES DE GÊNERO, RAÇA, GERAÇÃO E CONDIÇÃO DE PESSOA COM DEFICIÊNCIA
Authors: Dias Joelson , Gil Marta , Mendonça Rita , Oliveira Êmilly
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo reflete sobre a condição do trabalho doméstico no Brasil em situações indignas e análogas à de escravo. Faz uma breve digressão histórica, apontando as raízes do trabalho escravo na antiguidade. Contextualiza a realidade brasileira, caracterizando a mão-de-obra escravizada como força motriz dos diversos ciclos econômicos. Reflete sobre a escravidão contemporânea a partir de marcos conceituais como a Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos (1948) e a Convenção sobre os Direitos das Pessoas com Deficiência (ONU, 2006). Lista a normativa federal a partir da Constituição, bem como tratados internacionais. Situa seu impacto a partir das metas dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS). Menciona estatísticas do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego (MTE). Aborda papéis atribuídos a gênero e raça. Contextualiza o trabalho infantil. Revela a condição de meninas e mulheres negras e com deficiência, expondo suas vulnerabilidades invisibilizadas num trabalho indigno exercido em ambiente privado, propenso à violência, abusos e privação de direitos. Reflete sobre políticas públicas e mecanismos de identificação, proteção e denúncia. Destaca a importância do esforço conjunto, sistêmico e holístico para assegurar a interseccionalidade e as conexões entre as condições tratadas neste artigo para assegurar a todas as pessoas o acesso aos direitos e garantias fundamentais.
Palavras chave: Mulheres; meninas; trabalho doméstico; condição análoga à de escravo; escravidão contemporânea; pessoas com deficiência; papéis atribuídos a gênero; papéis atribuídos a raça/etnia; legislação brasileira; trabalho forçado; Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável; ODS.
Denúncia e disputa partidária no Jornal Liberal O Reformista na Província da Paraíba do Norte (1849-1850)
Authors: Formiga Priscilla
Published: October 2024

A Província da Paraíba do Norte após a Revolta Praieira foi palco da disputa partidária entre liberais/rasgados e conservadores/baêtas através dos jornais que atuaram na capital da província. Desta fo
Optimizing vertical axis wind turbines for urban environments: Overcoming design challenges and maximizing efficiency in low-wind conditions
Authors: Sakiru Folarin Bello  , Raphael Oluwatobiloba Lawal  , Olukayode B Ige  , Samod Adetunji Adebayo
Published: October 2024

Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWTs) present a promising solution for renewable energy generation in urban environments, where traditional horizontal axis turbines are often impractical. This review paper examines recent advancements in VAWT design optimization for urban settings, focusing on overcoming challenges associated with low-wind conditions and complex urban wind patterns. We analyze innovative aerodynamic designs, including helical and Savonius-Darrieus hybrid models, that enhance performance in turbulent and multidirectional wind flows. The paper also explores materials and manufacturing techniques that balance durability, noise reduction, and cost-effectiveness. Additionally, we review cutting-edge control systems and power electronics that maximize energy capture in variable wind conditions. The integration of VAWTs with building structures and urban planning is discussed, highlighting potential for widespread adoption. Our findings suggest that recent innovations in VAWT technology have significantly improved their viability for urban applications, with some designs achieving efficiency increases of up to 30% in low-wind conditions. However, challenges remain in optimizing start-up performance, reducing production costs, and mitigating environmental impacts in densely populated areas. This review underscores the potential of VAWTs as a key component in sustainable urban energy systems and identifies critical areas for future research and development, including advanced materials, AI-driven control systems, and comprehensive urban wind energy mapping tools.
Anti-breast cancer activities of Zingiber officinale and Allium sativum ethanol extracts in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene induced female Wister rats
Authors: Peter Chibueze Ihekwereme  , Daniel Ikechukwu Oraekei  , Rose Ngozi Asomugha  , Harrison Odera Abone  , Matthew Ikechukwu Ezugwu  , Marcellus Ejike Nnamani
Published: October 2024

Breast cancer belongs to a group of diseases classified under a generic name – cancer. It is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide with more than two million new cases in 2020. Breast cancer caused 685,000 deaths in 2020 and its mortality rate has increased over the last three decades due to the change in risk factor profiles, better breast cancer registration, and breast cancer detection. This study evaluated the antibreast cancer potentials of Zingiber officinale and Allium sativum ethanol extracts administered separately and combined in 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) induced female Wister rats. After extraction, acute toxicity and phytochemical analysis of Zingiber officinale and Allium sativum ethanol extracts were performed separately. Evaluation of the antibreast cancer potency was done by inducing cancer in female albino Wister rats; measuring tumor sizes and tumor volumes on the 91st day post-treatment and testing for breast cancer marker notably CA-15. Zingiber officinale and Allium sativum are rich in phytochemicals and have good safety profile. All the groups treated with Zingiber officinale and Allium sativum in different proportions exhibited antibreast cancer effects by decreasing the mean tumor size, mean tumor volume and mean CA-15 level significantly (p ˂ 0.05) when compared with the untreated group 2 and most remarkable in group 8. In conclusion, the herbs Zingiber officinale and Allium sativum ethanol extracts exhibited the best antibreast cancer activities when given in a combination of ZO:AS = 6:4 (318:212 mg/kg body weight) in a manner similar to that of the standard drug doxorubicin.
Assessing statistical neural networks potentiality to distinguish PDO Kalamata and Molaoi olive oil varieties
Authors: Theodoros Anagnostopoulos  , Chara Kottara  , Ioakeim Spiliopoulos
Published: October 2024

Several regional areas in Greece produce high quality olive oil by cultivating certain varieties. Olive oil varieties of Kalamata and Molaoi are of special interest, since they produce extra virgin olive oil. Concretely, Kalamata is a city located in southwestern Greece. Intuitively, Molaoi is a town located in southeastern Greece. Subsequently, both geographic locations are known for their famous olive oil quality. Continually, Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) Kalamata olive oil, established by Council regulation (EC) No 510/2006, is considered an exceptional extra virgin olive oil variety. Specifically, there is a need to distinguish PDO Kalamata olive oil from other olive oil varieties is Greece such as the Molaoi olive oil, since PDO Kalamata olive oil is the main variety exported in the global olive oil market. Distinguishing PDO Kalamata from Molaoi olive oil is possible by incorporating statistical neural networks. Concretely, applying neural network experimentation enables differentiation between variations of certain chemical characteristics observed in certain geographic locations of Greece. In this paper, we use statistical neural networks to distinguish the geographical origin of PDO Kalamata olive oil compared with Molaoi olive oil based on synchronous excitation−emission fluorescence spectroscopy of provided olive oils samples evaluated in the chemical laboratory. Evaluation based on certain experimentation phase and subsequent data visualization of the adopted statistical neural networks are promising for distinguishing the samples of PDO Kalamata olive oil with high values of prediction accuracy. Such ability enables olive oil industry to assess extra virgin olive oil profitable potentiality in global market.
Cross-Sector collaboration in energy infrastructure development: New models for public-private partnerships in emerging markets
Authors: Wasiu Abiola Owoola  , Babatunde Alaba Olaniyo  , Okwe Daniel Obeka  , Ark Oluwatobi Ifeanyi  , Olukayode B Ige  , Sakiru Folarin Bello
Published: October 2024

This review examines the evolving landscape of cross-sector collaboration in energy infrastructure development, focusing on new models for public-private partnerships (PPPs) in emerging markets. As global energy demands continue to rise and the imperative for sustainable development grows stronger, innovative approaches to energy infrastructure are crucial. This study synthesizes current literature on PPPs, cross-sector collaboration, and energy development in emerging economies to identify trends, challenges, and opportunities. Through a comprehensive analysis of case studies and empirical research, we uncover several emerging models that promise to enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of energy infrastructure projects. These models emphasize adaptive governance structures, risk-sharing mechanisms, and the integration of local communities and civil society organizations. Our findings suggest that successful cross-sector collaborations in emerging markets require a nuanced understanding of local contexts, flexible regulatory frameworks, and a commitment to capacity building. The review also highlights the potential of digital technologies and green financing mechanisms in facilitating these partnerships. By identifying key factors contributing to successful collaborations, this study provides valuable insights for policymakers, industry leaders, and researchers working towards sustainable energy solutions in developing economies. Future research directions are proposed to further explore the long-term impacts and scalability of these innovative partnership models.
A review of research literature related to the modernization of social governance
Authors: Yuzhong Sun
Published: October 2024

With the emergence of new situations in China's economic development, the overall domestic and international situation has become complex and volatile. The risks and contradictions affecting social harmony and stability are increasing, making the task of social governance more arduous and onerous. The modernization of social governance at the municipal level is not only an inherent part of the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, but also a positive response to economic development and social changes during the social transformation period. This article systematically reviews relevant literature on the modernization of social governance, laying a foundation for in-depth research on the modernization of social governance.
Visual, audio, and kinesthetic students' learning independence: Improvement through the development of augmented reality media
Authors: Susanto Hendra , Setiawan Deny , Firdaus Zahra , Kusmayadi Claresia Tsany , Fitriyati Umi
Published: October 2024

Technology has provided new educational opportunities, but the implementation could be more optimal. Learning facilities that remain focused on conventional methods often need more learners with the Visual, Audio, and Kinesthetic (VAK) learning style. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of this learning media in improving learning achievement and information retention, focusing on visual, audio, and kinesthetic learning styles. This research was a research development that used the Lee & Owens model, which consisted of analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The validation result of the media was 98.5%, material validation was 100%, and learning device validation was 100%. The results of the implementation of self-assignment in the control class obtained an average of 78.8 and in the experimental class 90.5. The research concluded that learning media is practical and can help facilitate biology learning in visual, audio, and kinesthetic learning styles.
Input hypotheses for developing EFL/ESL learners’ listening comprehension skills
Authors: Kasimo Yulius Yosef , Ota Maria Kristina , Kara Yuliana M. D’Karmel
Published: October 2024

The objective of this study is to examine the significance of the input hypothesis in enhancing the listening comprehension abilities of EFL/ESL learners. The methodology employed in this study is a critical literature review. This entailed a comprehensive search for relevant articles and other sources, a meticulous reading of the material, the categorization of data, a thorough analysis, and the synthesis of findings. The findings of this study indicate that the input hypothesis plays an essential role in developing ESL/EFL learners' listening comprehension abilities through the acquisition of comprehensible inputs. The activation of linguistic background knowledge enables EFL/ESL learners to develop pronunciation skills, understanding of grammatical accuracy, lexical resources, and meaning. Optimizing the inputs of the listening strategy (cognitive, metacognitive, socio-affective) assists EFL/ESL learners in activating their memory about listening materials. This is achieved through making inferences, elaborations, summaries, translations, observations, assessments, and becoming involved in the community. Inputs from media, audio (visual), and practices can develop EFL/ESL learners' cognition, motivation, stimulating perception, activating prior knowledge. In conclusion, the components of the comprehensible inputs must be integrated and developed in a coordinated manner during the teaching and learning process of listening skills.
Políticas de Transporte y Movilidad en Tucumán. Desafíos y Perspectivas en la Construcción de Problemas Urbanos
Authors: González Alvo Inés , Casares Marta
Published: October 2024

Este artículo presenta un análisis de contenido documental de los planes de transporte en el Área Metropolitana de Tucumán a lo largo de tres décadas, con el propósito de evaluar los antecedentes y entender la evolución de los enfoques en la construcción social de los problemas de movilidad. Los resultados demuestran una transformación en la planificación del desplazamiento, evidenciando un cambio hacia la consideración progresiva de la movilidad como un principio estructurante en la organización del territorio. Simultáneamente, se registra una disminución gradual de la relevancia del transporte en la política urbana, así como la inclusión de usuarios de modos de movilidad omitidos, como peatones y ciclistas. A pesar de estos avances, persisten desafíos, incluyendo la preeminencia de una perspectiva técnica y la falta de atención a la diversidad de usuarios. Se subraya la importancia de la alineación con los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible y la consideración de la movilidad como un derecho, junto con un enfoque inclusivo, para abordar las desigualdades en la ciudad.[i]
Deforme” Kapitalizmin Beşeri Üretimi: Özentiler ve Özenti Toplumu Tanım-Teori-Analiz ve Eleştiri
Authors: Alptekin Musa Yavuz
Published: October 2024

Amaç - Bu çalışmanın amacı, modern-kapitaslist toplumu mülkiyet-kültür ilişkisi bağlamında analize tabi tutmak ve yeni bir bakış açısıyla yeniden tanımlamak, betimlemek ve bir toplumsal tipoloji kavramsallaştırması yapmaktır.
Yöntem - Bu çalışma teorik bir çalışma olup, metnin inşası literatür bilgisi, gözlem, yorum ve analizlere dayanacaktır.
Bulgular - Bu çalışma, günümüz toplumunu bir Özenti Toplumu (Wannabe Society) olarak nitelendirmektedir. Özenti Toplumu analizi içinde kendisiyle birlikte dört tabaka mevcuttur. Bunlar sırasıyla Haddini Bilen Fakirler (Modest Poors), Özentiler (Wannabees), Sonradan Görmeler (Nouveau Riches) ve Kültürlü Zenginler (Cultured Riches) şeklinde sıralanmaktadır.
Sonuç – Bu çalışmanın iddiasına göre, modern-kapitalist toplumu, Özenti Toplumu diye nitelendirmek ve kavramsallaştırmak mümkündür. Özentiler kendisi olamayıp, başkası gibi olmaya ve davranmaya çalışırlar. Özentilerin oluşumunu sağlayan tabaka ise Sonradan Görmelerdir. Sonradan Görmelerin paranın gücüne dayanarak kısa zamanda sosyal prestij elde etmeye çalışmaları ve her bakımdan orantısız harcama yapmaları toplumun geri kalan çoğunluğunu özenti durumuna düşürmektedir.
A National Analysis of P–12 Equity Director Role Establishment
Authors: Matschiner Andrew
Published: October 2024

District “equity director” (ED) roles have grown rapidly over the past decade. Drawing on interviews and surveys with over 70 EDs across nearly 30 states, this study documents dramatic ED role growth from 2018 to 2022 specifically and examines why, according to EDs, such roles were established locally. Findings, drawing on scholarship on social activism, demonstrate how insider influence from district educators and leaders; intermediate pressure from community coalitions, parents, and students; and external coercion from state and federal education departments and civil rights agencies spurred ED role establishment. Challenges to ED efficacy are discussed, including ED role establishment as “checkbox” work and politicized attacks on district diversity, equity, and inclusion work.
Kur’an’daki Rab ve İlâh Kavramlarının Etimolojik Kökenleri
Authors: Erdoğan Şamlıoğlu Esra
Published: October 2024

Kur’an’da “Allah” isminden sonra Tanrı için en sık kullanılan iki kavram Rab ve İlâh olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Her iki kavramın etimolojik arka planlarının, Sâmî dil ailesinin üyelerinden birisi olan Arapçadaki anlamlarını kazanmadan ve bu halleriyle Kur’an’da yer almadan çok daha öncesine gittiği tespit edilmektedir. Ayetlerde geçen Rab ve İlâh kavramlarının kavramsal çerçevesini belirlemek için etimolojik kökenlerini tespit etmek önemlidir. Bu kavramları, Kur’an öncesi ve Kur’an’ın nüzul dö-nemindeki kullanımları, değişen manaları, benzerlikleri ve farklılıkları ile birlikte ele almak; Arap toplumu tarafından dil ve kültür bağlamında kullanıldıkları yerleri ve İslam’la Kur’an’da kazandıkları anlamlarıyla karşılaştırmak önemlidir. İlk ortaya çıktıkları zamandan itibaren farklı kullanımları olan, kültürel farklılıklara bağlı olarak zaman içinde değişimlere uğrayan bu iki kelimenin içeriğinin coğrafyanın Tanrı anlayışını da şekillendirmiş olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Kur’an’da ibadet edilen mâbudu anlatırken nüzul sıralamasında ilk gelen ve sıkça zikredilen ilk kavram olarak Rab, “ilâh, efendi, sahip, Yahudi din adamları, rabbe kulluk edenler, üvey kızlar” gibi farklı anlamlarıyla birlikte Kur’an’da toplamda 94 sûrede, 969 kere geçmektedir. Eski zamanlardan bugüne kullanılagelmiş bir kelime olarak ilâh kavramı ise hem Sâmî dillerde hem de çevresindeki coğrafi bölgelerde El, Elohîm gibi benzerleriyle Tanrı için kullanılan en yaygın kelimedir. Özellikle bir Tanrı için değil, aksine birçok Tanrı için kullanılmış ortak bir kavramdır. İslamiyet’ten önceki Arap toplumu açısından da kelime tapınılan mâbudu tanımlamak amacıyla önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Kur’an’da toplamda 45 sûrede 125 ayette 144 kere geçmektedir. Etimolojik tahlillerinin çözümlenmesi, Kur’an’da Allah isminden sonra neredeyse her sayfada farklı bir formda da olsa geçen bu iki kavramın Allah’ı nasıl tanımladığını ve Kur’an’ın bu kavramları hangi bağlamlarda kullandığını göstermesi bakımından önemlidir.
daptive Neural Token Compression: A Novel Optimization Technique for Enhancing Large Language Models
Authors: Grushail Dominic , Benedetti Edward , Bjornson Frederick , Roussos George , Moretti Henry
Published: October 2024

The rapid expansion of transformer-based models has led to a growing demand for optimizing token processing mechanisms to manage the increasing complexity and resource requirements of language models. Adaptive Neural Token Compression (ANTC) introduces a dynamic and context-aware approach to token handling, addressing the inefficiencies in traditional tokenization by reducing the computational load without sacrificing semantic accuracy. Through restructuring the tokenization process during both training and inference, ANTC significantly improves inference speed, memory usage, and the ability to handle long-form sequences. Experiments conducted on the LLaMA-3 model reveal notable improvements in accuracy and a reduction in hallucinations, showcasing ANTC's capacity to optimize large-scale models for real-world applications. Furthermore, the ethical implications of ANTC’s design highlight its role in minimizing biases and enhancing the factual grounding of outputs, ensuring that the model produces more reliable and contextually appropriate responses. The integration of ANTC into the existing architecture not only enhances computational efficiency but also presents a scalable solution for future developments in model training and deployment, making it a valuable contribution to the ongoing evolution of language models.
Bayesian change-point model: formularium for a sound localization study
Authors: Barumerli Roberto
Published: October 2024

This document drafts the Bayesian change point model equations for a sound source local- ization experiment. The listener is tasked to listen to a sequence of noise bursts and estimate the position of the last sound. Each sound is presented with a specific horizontal direction distributed as a Gaussian distribution, whose parameters vary depending on a change point model.
Childhood socioeconomic position relates to adult decision-making: evidence from a large cross-cultural investigation
Authors: Wang Simon , Hanson Jamie Lars
Published: October 2024

Early exposure to poverty may have profound and enduring impacts on developmental trajectories over the lifespan. This study investigated potential links between childhood socioeconomic position, recent economic change, and temporal discounting in a large international cohort (N=12,951 adults from 61 countries). Temporal discounting refers to the tendency to prefer smaller immediate rewards over larger rewards delivered after a delay, and connects to consequential outcomes including academic achievement, occupational success, and risk-taking behaviors. Consistent with multiple theories about the impacts of stress exposure, individuals who reported lower socioeconomic positions in childhood exhibited greater temporal discounting in adulthood compared to peers who did not. Furthermore, an interaction emerged between childhood socioeconomic position and recent economic change, such that the steepest temporal discounting was found among those from lower childhood socioeconomic positions who also recently experienced negative economic change as a result of the COVID pandemic. These associations remained significant even when accounting for potentially confounding factors like education level and current employment. Findings provide new evidence that childhood socioeconomic position relates to greater temporal discounting and steeper devaluation of future rewards later in adulthood, particularly in response to contemporaneous economic change. This suggests childhood socioeconomic position may have longer-term impacts on developmental trajectories. Speculatively, childhood socioeconomic position may shape adult behavior through increased life stress, diminished access to resources, and lower perceived trust and reliability in social systems. These findings underscore the long-term implications of socioeconomic gaps, cycles of disadvantage and economic marginalization.
The Development of Oculomotor Coordination and its Relationship to Reading Skill
Authors: Jeppsen Charlotte , Apfelbaum Keith S , McMurray Bob
Published: October 2024

Children must develop quick and precise eye movements for processing visual information across various domains, including reading, visual search, scene perception, joint attention, and motor control. Prior research suggests that eye movement precision continues to develop through adolescence (Helo et al., 2014; Kim et al., 2022; Reichle et al., 2013) but the underlying factors remain unclear. Reading may contribute to this development, as dyslexia has been linked to unstable oculomotor control in reading tasks (Eden et al., 1994), and reading may provide a form of practice for oculomotor control. This longitudinal study examines factors influencing oculomotor planning in a sample of 206 children aged 7-12 with varying language and reading abilities. Results show that oculomotor planning becomes faster and more accurate as children age, and with better reading. We also observe differences in how oculomotor coordination to properties of the display (e.g., distance and direction) both developmentally and with differences in reading. Findings are discussed in relation to developmental theories of processing speed and reading experience, along with implications for typical developmental experimental paradigms like the Visual World Paradigm or passage reading.
Organizational Stress and Employee Productivity in Nepalese Commercial Banks: The Mediating Role of Employee Welfare
Authors: Bhandari Dilli Ram , Subedi Dhruba Prasad
Published: October 2024

Workplace stress refers to the physical and emotional strain caused by work-related pressures, which can negatively impact employee well-being and productivity. Employee welfare initiatives help to manage workplace stress by providing support systems and resources that promote well-being of the employees and leads to increase employee productivity and job satisfaction. This study aims to investigate how employee welfare impacts the relationship between organizational stress and employee productivity in Nepalese commercial banks. To accomplish this objective, data were collected from 312 respondents using a structured questionnaire, which was distributed via a convenience sampling method. The participants consisted of employees at managerial, officer and assistant level employees from various commercial banks. Data analysis was conducted using Process Macro 4, applying a 95% confidence interval and 5,000 bootstrapping samples. The findings reveal that employee welfare serves as a fully mediator in the relationship between organizational stress and employee productivity. This study demonstrates that organizations that are investing in employee welfare programs foster a healthier and more supportive work environment, contribute to reducing organizational stress, leading to improved performance and workplace morale.
JEL Classification: J81, J24, J28
Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 11, Issue-4: 119-125.
Foundations and Frameworks of ELT and Applied Linguistics Research: Principles, Processes and Practices
Authors: Pandey Gopal Prasad
Published: October 2024

This article offers a comprehensive analysis of the core principles, processes, and practices that characterize research in English Language Teaching (ELT) and Applied Linguistics. The article highlights the key distinctions between scholarship, aimed at personal knowledge acquisition, and research, which generates socially useful knowledge. Research in applied linguistics is problem-oriented, focused on addressing practical language-related challenges such as language acquisition, teaching methodologies, and multilingual communication. The paper emphasizes the interdisciplinary nature of applied linguistics, integrating insights from fields like psychology, sociology, and computer science to provide comprehensive solutions. Methodological diversity is a hallmark of this research, encompassing both qualitative and quantitative approaches, including case studies, surveys, and experimental studies. The research cycle, from identifying a problem to collecting and analyzing data, is systematically outlined. Key areas of ELT research-such as second language acquisition, curriculum development, and language assessment-are discussed, underscoring the field's contributions to both theory and practice. The article concludes by emphasizing the importance of applying research findings to improve language education, develop policies, and enhance communication across diverse linguistic contexts
Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 11, Issue-4: 126-135.
आधारभूत तहमा मातृभाषा शिक्षा कार्यान्वयनका समस्या र समाधानका उपाय
Authors: Pokharel Tara Prasad
Published: October 2024

नेपाल बहुभाषिक र बहुजातीय राज्य हो । नेपालको संविधान २०७२ मा बहुभाषिकतालाई स्वीकार गरी मातृभाषा शिक्षालाई नागरिकको मौलिक हकका रूपमा उल्लेख गरिएको छ । स्थानीय तथा क्षेत्र विशेषको शिक्षाका रूपमा मातृभाषाको महत्त्व अझ बढेको छ । प्रस्तुत अध्ययनमा आधारभूत तहमा मातृभाषा शिक्षा कार्यान्वयनको अवस्थाका बारेमा अनुसन्धान गरिएको छ । आधारभूत तहमा मातृभाषा शिक्षा कार्यान्वयन कसरी भएको छ ? आधारभूत तहमा मातृभाषा शिक्षा कार्यान्वयनमा को कसको भूमिका रहेको हुन्छ ? भन्ने प्रश्नको उत्तर खोजी गरिएको छ । गुणात्मक अनुसन्धान विधिअन्तर्गत घटना अनुभव विधिको आधारमा अध्ययनको विषयवस्तु प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ । स्थान विशेष, क्षेत्र विशेष, सामाजिक पुनर्सँरचानावादी सिद्धान्त तथा स्पोल्स्कीको भाषा नीतिसम्बन्धी सिद्धान्तका आधारमा तथ्याङ्क सङ्कलन र विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । आधारभूत तहमा मातृभाषा शिक्षालाई प्रभावकारी बनाउन मातृभाषाको साधारण र विशिष्ट उद्देश्य निर्धारण गर्नुपर्ने, आवश्यकताअनुसार पाठ्यक्रम–पाठ्यपुस्तक तथा सन्दर्भ सामग्रीको व्यवस्थापन गर्नुपर्छ । शिक्षक र विद्यार्थीको सक्रियताले मातृभाषा शिक्षा प्रभावकारी बन्दछ । मातृभाषा शिक्षा कार्यान्वयनमा देखिएका समस्याको समाधान गर्न राज्यले उचित नीतिको व्यवस्थापन गर्नु आवश्यक रहेको अध्ययनका क्रममा सङ्कलित तथ्याङ्कको निष्कर्ष रहेको छ ।
भागीरथी श्रेष्ठकृत दोस्रो बाटो कथामा नारीवादी दृष्टिकोण
Authors: Acharya Bishnu Prasad
Published: October 2024

प्रस्तुत लेख भागीरथी श्रेष्ठकृत ‘दोस्रो बाटो’ कथामा नारीवादी दृष्टिकोण शीर्षकमा आधारित रहेर तयार पारिएको छ । यस लेखमा ‘दोस्रो बाटो’ कथामा पितृसत्ताले नारीमाथि गरेको दमन र नारी विद्रोहको अवस्थालाई कसरी प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ भन्ने मूल समस्यामा केन्द्रित रही पुस्तकालयीय सामग्रीहरूको गहन अध्ययनपश्चात् पाठ विश्लेषण विधिलाई अवलम्बन गरी निष्कर्षमा पुगिएको छ । नारीवादले साहित्यभित्र चित्रित नारीवादी दृष्टिकोणलाई नारीदमन, नारीविद्रोहलगायत विभिन्न कोणबाट विश्लेषण गर्ने गरेको देखिन्छ । लेखमा नारीवादसम्बन्धी मान्यतालाई सैद्धान्तिक आधारका रूपमा लिई कथामा पितृसत्ता र महिलाका बिच भएको टकराव तथा नारी चेतनाको खोजी गरिएको छ । कथामा प्रकाश पितृसत्ताको र ‘म’ पात्र नारीको प्रतिनिधि बनेर आएका छन् जहाँ प्रकाशले ‘म’ पात्रमाथि दमन गरेको र ‘म’ पात्र त्यसको प्रतिकारमा सशक्त भएर उत्रेको विषयलाई प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ । पुरुषहरूले दमन गरिरहँदा महिलाहरू अब टुलुटुलु हेरेर मात्र बस्दैनन्, त्यसको प्रतिकार गर्न उनीहरू समर्थ भइसकेका छन् भन्ने तथ्यलाई कथामा ‘म’ पात्रका माध्यमबाट स्पष्ट पारिएको छ । यसर्थ नारीवादी दृष्टिकोणले प्रस्तुत कथा सबल र प्रभावशाली रहेको लेखमा निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।
Perception and Effectiveness of Online Anatomy Lab Exercise on Undergraduate Students of BPKIHS During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Shah Sandip , Koirala Sarun , Rimal Jyotsna , Khanal Laxman , Mahat Samyog
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Online mode of teaching learning activities were started for medical students of Nepal to reduce the risk of spreading virus during COVID-19 pandemic. BPKIHS started the modified online lab exercise (LABEX) for the undergraduate students after six months of pandemic.
Objective: The main objective of study was to evaluate the student’s perception and effectiveness of modified online LABEX (prior content video uploading) during pandemic.
Methods: The mixed method cross-sectional study design using semi-structured questionnaire was conducted. The questionnaire had sub-sections such as questions regarding students’ means of study, students’ perception on modified online lab exercise during pandemic and reflective writing. We collected the responses from 129 students after institutional ethical clearance and informed consent. Student’s paired test for analysis of effectiveness of modified online LABEX was done by using pre-test/post-test score. Thematic analysis was performed for reflective writing. A p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Results: The mean age was calculated as 20.84 year. The modified online LABEX increase the scoring of students for three consecutive sessions with an average score of 1.71; 1.55 & 1.09 respectively (p<0.001). We formulated 15 codes and 3 themes from reflective writing such as strength, weakness and recommendation of modified online LABEX. We found that “Accessibility of recorded Labex” (n=54) was major strength and “less efficient of online LABEX” (n=57) was major weakness.
Conclusions: Although physical form of anatomy education is best way of learning but modified online LABEX can be used as alternative during pandemic like situations in future
Predictive Value of Cord Blood Bilirubin for Hyperbilirubinemia in Term Neonates with ABO Incompatibility
Authors: Sharma Subas , Sapkota Bishal
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Jaundice affects 60% of full-term and 80% of preterm neonates. Feto-maternal ABO incompatibilities occur in 20-25% of pregnancies, but severe haemolytic disease develops in only 10%. ABO-incompatible babies have doubled the risk of jaundice requiring treatment and a 5-10 times increased risk of exchange transfusions.
Objective: Aim of this study was to determine if cord blood bilirubin (CBB) can predict hyperbilirubinemia in term babies with ABO setup prior to discharge that would help to decrease readmission and subsequently complications due to jaundice.
Methods: A hospital-based prospective observational study was conducted at Patan Hospital. Cord blood group and bilirubin levels were collected from newborns of O positive mothers. Babies with A positive and B positive blood groups had their CBB levels measured and were followed daily for 72 hours. Serum bilirubin was tested based on clinical judgment to detect hyperbilirubinemia and treated per NICE guidelines. Data were analysed using SPSS v21.0, Mann-Whitney test, ANOVA, and ROC analysis.
Results: Among 66 cases, significant hyperbilirubinemia was seen in 7 neonates (10.6%). It was more common in B positive babies (12.2%) compared to A positive (8%). Mean CBB was 3.45 ± 0.57 in those developing significant hyperbilirubinemia. A CBB of 2.95 mg/dL had the highest sensitivity (86%), specificity (94%), and negative predictive value (98%) for predicting hyperbilirubinemia in ABO setup babies.
Conclusion: Term babies with ABO incompatibility and CBB<2.95 mg /dL are unlikely to need further evaluation, while those with cord bilirubin level ≥2.95 mg/dL should have frequent early follow-ups.
САКРАЛЬНЕ МИСТЕЦТВО ТА ХРИСТИЯНСЬКА АРХЕОЛОГІЯ ЩОДО ІСТОРІЇ ЦЕРКВИ ТА ДОГМИ У ДОСЛІДЖЕННІ СВЯТОГО ЙОСИФА БІЛЬЧЕВСЬКОГО
Authors: Дем’янчук Андрій Львович
Published: October 2024

Метою дослідження є огляд та аналіз праці Святого Архієпископа Йосифа Більчевського «Археологія християнська по відношенню до історії Церкви і догмату», у якій досліджувалося сакральне мистецтво Римо-Католицької Церкви. Популяризація в науковому середовищі праці новітнього святого Римо-Католицької Церкви України. Методологія. У дослідженні застосовано комплексний підхід із використанням методів наукового аналізу, систематизації та узагальнення. Результати дослідження. Святий Архієпископ Йосиф Більчевський написав дві фундаментальні наукові праці «Археологія християнська по відношенню до історії Церкви і догмату», Краків, 1890 («Archeologia chrześcijańska wobec historyi Kościoła i Dogmatu», Kraków, 1890) та «Євхаристія у світлі найдавніших писемних пам’яток, іконографічних та епіграфічних», Kраків, 1898 (Józef Bilczewski «Eucharystya w świetle najdawniejszych pomników piśmiennych, ikonograficznych i epigraficznych» Kraków, 1898). Праця «Археологія християнська по відношенню до історії Церкви і догмату» написана у двох частинах: «Археологія як джерело історії Церкви» («Archeologia jako źródło historyi Kościoła» і «Археологія як джерело Догматики» («Archeologia jako źródło Dogmatyki». Сакральне мистецтво та його основні принципи розкрито в першій частині четвертого розділу «Мистецьке життя Церкви» («Życie artystyczne Kościoła»). Учений подає різні види пам’яток мистецтва: іконографічні символи; алегоричні образи; історичні образи; літургійні образи; а також іконографію Ісуса Христа, Пресвятої Богородиці і Святих (Bilczewski, 1890). Наукова новизна. Наукова новизна отриманих результатів полягає у комплексному аналізі праці Святого архієпископа Йосифа Більчевського. Рекомендації. Наукова праця Святого Архієпископа Йосифа Більчевського потребує подальших досліджень, зокрема розкриття інших аспектів з історії та археології. Нині надзвичайно важливо поширювати результати наукової діяльності новітнього святого Львівської Архідієцезії Римо-Католицької Церкви в Україні та світі.