bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Feasibility study of a clinical decision support system for polymedicated patients in primary care
Authors: Pinar Manzanet Juan Manuel , Fico Giuseppe , Merino‐Barbancho Beatriz , Hernández Liss , Vera‐Muñoz Cecilia , Seara Germán , Torrego Macarena , Gonzalez Henar , Wastesson Jonas , Fastbom Johan , Mayol Julio , Johnell Kristina , Gómez‐Gascón Tomás , Arredondo María Teresa
Published: May 2023

Age‐related changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, multimorbidity, frailty, and cognitive impairment represent challenges for drug treatments. Moreover, older adults are commonly exposed to polypharmacy, leading to increased risk of drug interactions and related adverse events, and higher costs for the healthcare systems. Thus, the complex task of prescribing medications to older polymedicated patients encourages the use of Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS). This paper evaluates the CDSS miniQ for identifying potentially inappropriate prescribing in poly‐medicated older adults and assesses the usability and acceptability of the system in health care professionals, patients, and caregivers. The results of the study demonstrate that the miniQ system was useful for Primary Care physicians in significantly improving prescription, thereby reducing potentially inappropriate medication prescriptions for elderly patients. Additionally, the system was found to be beneficial for patients and their caregivers in understanding their medications, as well as usable and acceptable among healthcare professionals, patients, and caregivers, highlighting the potential to improve the prescription process and reduce errors, and enhancing the quality of care for elderly patients with polypharmacy, reducing adverse drug events, and improving medication management.
Optimization of fermentation conditions for protease production from Bacillus subtilis
Authors: Jingying Chen , Yan Gu
Published: May 2023

In the paper, the fermentation conditions and fermentation medium of bacillus subtilis protease production were optimized to improve the outcome of the protease produced from bacillus subtilis to provide premium raw materials for the subsequent preparation of chitin from crab shell. The optimal fermentation conditions are temperature at 39°C, pH value of 7.5, fermentation time of 60h, inoculum size of 5%, filling volume of 80/250mL, and rotational speed at 180r/min; the optimal medium component ratio is 1.25% for starch mass concentration, 1% for yeast paste mass concentration, and 0.3% for sodium dihydrogen phosphate mass concentration. The activity of protease produced from bacillus subtilis GC021 is 174.87U/mL under the optimal fermentation conditions and at the optimal medium component ratio.
Biomechanical Study of Porous Osteotomy Block in Evans Osteotomy for Flat Foot Correction Based on Finite Element Method
Authors: Baiyin Yang , Haiqiong Xie , Daoqi Gan
Published: May 2023

ased on the finite element method, the effect of porous osteotomy block on the biomechanics of surrounding joints in the treatment of flat foot by Evans osteotomy is studied. The finite element method is used to simulate the osteotomy block for Evans osteotomy to correct flatfoot. The effect of Evans osteotomy on the foot force line is analyzed from the biomechanical point of view. The osteotomy blocks were divided into solid osteotomy blocks and porous osteotomy blocks, and normal foot and flat foot were used as control groups. The results show that Evans osteotomy can effectively improve the force line of the foot to correct the flat foot. Compared with the solid osteotomy block, the porous osteotomy block can also play a corrective effect and reduce the stress shielding effect when used for Evans osteotomy to correct the flat foot.
Chlorpyrifos And Chlorpyrifos-methyl Can Promote Conjugative Transfer of Antibiotic Resistance Genes
Authors: Wu Qingtong , Du Mile , Zhang Yingzhen , Shao Mengying
Published: May 2023

Antibiotic misuse induces the production of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), leading to the global spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), which poses a major threat to human health. Conjugative transfer, as the main process of ARGs propagation, is sensitively influenced by coexisting contaminants. Chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-methyl, as organophosphorus insecticides widely used in agriculture, have been shown to induce cytotoxicity such as elevated levels of reactive oxygen radicals (ROS) and lipid peroxidation. This is similar to the mechanism by which antibiotics promote the conjugative transfer of ARGs, based on which we hypothesized that chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-methyl could promote conjugative transfer. However, the effect of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-methyl on conjugative transfer is unclear. Therefore, we constructed RP4 plasmid-mediated conjugation system and confirmed that chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-methyl can promote conjugative transfer by inducing oxidative stress in donor and recipient bacteria. Our research reveals the risk of ARM spread in organophosphorus insecticides and ARGs co-contaminated environments.
Screening and biological characteristics of excellent lactic acid bacteria from Kefir
Authors: Guo Zhihua , Batbatan Christopher
Published: May 2023

Four excellent lactic acid bacteria were screened from Kefir. After morphological observation, physical and chemical detection, and 16SrDNA sequence comparison, three strains were preliminarily identified as Lactobacillus Kefir, and one strain was Lactobacillus acidophilus. Two strains were selected to study their biological characteristics. The results showed that the lactic acid bacteria isolated from Kefir had good probiotic properties, with a survival rate of more than 42% after artificial gastric juice digestion for 3 hours and more than 46% after artificial intestinal juice digestion for 6 hours; It has inhibitory effects on intestinal pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli; Does not produce hemolysis; There are different levels of resistance to antibiotics.
Rapid identification of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Serratia marcescens by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Authors: Wu Zhiwei , Ye Qing , Wang Xiaoyan , Zhang Xianzeng , Xie Shusen
Published: May 2023

Two types of pathogenic bacteria, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Serratia marcescens, had been reported as important causes of hospital-acquired infection. Rapid and accurate identification of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Serratia marcescens is vitally important for the selection of appropriate treatment modalities. In this article, the feasibility of using surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) to identify Klebsiella pneumoniae and Serratia marcescens was explored. Spectrum samples were obtained from Klebsiella pneumoniae infections (n=1000) and Serratia marcescens infections (n=1000). The differences between the spectra of two types of pathogenic bacteria were also analyzed. Moreover, Principal Component Analysis- Linear Discriminant Analysis (PCA-LDA) algorithm was used to discriminate the spectra of pathogenic bacteria.
Effects of Different Treatments on White-blush of Fresh-cut Carrots During Storage
Authors: Chen Weizheng , Wu Hui , Zou Yao , Chen Chichang
Published: May 2023

In order to screen out the preservatives that had better effects on inhibiting the white-blush of freshcut carrots, prolong its shelf life. Using fresh carrots as the test material, the effects of different treatments on the white-blush of fresh-cut carrots during storage were compared, and the changes in whiteness value of fresh-cut carrots in each group were analyzed. Other relevant physical and chemical indicators were measured. The results showed that compared with other treatment groups, the onion treatment group had the lowest whiteness index, the strongest antioxidant capacity, and the best quality of fresh-cut carrots. This indicated that onions were suitable for processing fresh-cut carrots, which cold better inhibit the activities of POD, PAL, and other enzymes, inhibit the white-blush of fresh-cut carrots, and delay their aging.
Research Progress on Caries
Authors: Xie Qiwen
Published: May 2023

Caries is one of the most common diseases in the human body, and its incidence is extremely high in both children and adults. Caries is also a chronic and developmental disease, and its sustainable development will not only seriously endanger oral health, but also endanger the health of the whole body. At present, some progress has been made in the research on the pathogenesis and prevention of caries, but there are still many problems to be solved. This paper discusses the etiology, treatment and prevention of caries, aiming to lay a foundation for the prevention and treatment of caries.
Application of CRISPR-Cas System in the Treatment of Human Viral Disease
Authors: Lin Weijia
Published: May 2023

CRISPR-Cas systems, consisting of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated proteins (Cas), are the latest generation of gene editing technology and have been widely used in molecular biology research. CRISPR-Cas systems also have unlimited potential in the field of medicine, especially in the treatment of human viral diseases, such as blocking virus invasion, interfering with virus replication, and eliminating viral genome and sequelae of virus infection. In this article, the latest research progress of CRISPR-Cas9 system and other CRISPR systems in treatments of several viral diseases are reviewed. In addition, the advantages and potential problems of CRISPR systems as treatment options are analyzed to provide ideas for subsequent related research.
Etiology and Treatment of Anxiety
Authors: Qin Suo
Published: May 2023

There is still much debate about the etiology and remedies of anxiety disorders. Summarizing the current research results will facilitate a deeper understanding of anxiety disorders and uncover suitable treatments. Environmental changes, childhood trauma or physical abuse, and a Mediterranean diet or the microbiome were strongly associated with disease development. Also, the PDE4B gene, other essential loci, and 274 genes' interaction with the environment could potentially cause anxiety. Molecules such as the brain receptor GPR158, MicroRNA-137, and the interleukin-17a (IL-17a) showed increased anxiety behaviors. Psychological therapy, such as cognitive behavioral treatment, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy, and internet-delivered behavioral therapy, effectively reduces anxiety. Diazepam and clonazepam, secondary benzodiazepine treatments, showed shortcomings, for example, the former lack of cognitive recovery. Furthermore, SSRIs, including sertraline, fluoxetine, and paroxetine, and SNRIs like venlafaxine or duloxetine, had good efficacy and high tolerability. Animal-assisted intervention, cannabidiol, molecule therapeutics, and many novel approaches in different systems were also proved to be beneficial in decreasing anxiety symptoms. More evidence from studies and reviews is needed to support these findings.
Research on Effects of Dietary Intervention on Blood Pressure, Plasma Lipid and Blood Glucose of Patients with Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Sun Ruoyao
Published: May 2023

To investigate the effect of dietary intervention on blood pressure, blood lipid and body mass index in patients with coronary heart disease. Methods: 100 patients with coronary heart disease were recruited and randomly divided into control group (50 cases) and dietary intervention group (50 cases). The blood pressure, blood lipid and body mass index of patients with coronary heart disease before and after dietary intervention were compared. Results: After the intervention, the systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol level and other eight indicators of the two groups were improved, and the intervention group was significantly better than the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: The dietary intervention for six months can effectively control the blood pressure, blood sugar and blood lipids of patients with coronary heart disease, which can be used as a useful reference to improve the health status of patients.
Mental health outcomes and psychological interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Qi Chang , Wu Yang
Published: May 2023

In the aftermath of the new crown epidemic, people’s lives have been turned upside down and stress levels have increased, resulting in negative psychological and mental health outcomes. Anxiety, depression, insomnia, and other psychological symptoms ensued. And if appropriate measures are not taken in a timely manner, the “psychological crisis pandemic” will erode people more than COVID-19. To date, many experts have proposed interventions centred on maintaining the mental health of the population. Considering some special populations and the specificity of the epidemic period, researchers have given a variety of references, encompassing traditional psychological treatment methods and emerging online therapies. This paper reviews and summarizes the psychological problems that emerged in the population during the COVID-19 pandemic, and proposes appropriate interventions for different populations, providing feasible solutions for maintaining the mental health of the population, which will help people have a clearer understanding of mental health and prevent mental illness in time.
Study on the effect of ketogenic diet combined with aerobic exercise on body posture, cardiopulmonary function and blood glucose of female college students
Authors: Feng Jiacheng , Niu Qimeng
Published: May 2023

Study jects: 30 ordinary female college students who had no professional sports training; Study method: subjects had a ketogenic diet for 30 days and completed a daily exercise program as required. Measurement indicators: measured before and after the experiment 1. Body weight, 2. subcutaneous fat and muscle thickness in the anterior and posterior segments of the upper arm, 3. muscle condition in the anterior and posterior femoral region, 4. Maximum oxygen intake, 5. maximum heart rate, 6. blood glucose and blood β ketone. The results showed that: 1. The aerobic training in the experimental and control groups decreased in the mean sebum thickness in each group. 2 The mean maximum oxygen intake improved in both groups and one-sided T test showed significant differences in the experimental groups. 3 Mean heart rate and weight decreased in the control group, while the mean heart rate increased more weight, with the one-sided T test for maximal heart rate significantly significantly in the experimental group significantly significantly. 4. Through the design of aerobic training, the maximum oxygen content in the experimental group increased significantly.we can draw the following conclusions: 1. Certain intensity, time and regular aerobic training have certain effect on weight loss in non-experimental state and experimental state, which can effectively reduce the fat content of all parts of female college students and improve the quality of lean body; 2. certain intensity aerobic exercise based on ketogenic diet will make female college students have better slimming effect, and this mode will not cause adverse effects on the body within a certain range.
The study of the Spatholobus decoction on improving the maximal oxygen uptake of track and field athletes
Authors: Feng Jiacheng , Niu Qimeng , Zhang Zhiwu
Published: May 2023

Objective: It aims to observe the effect of Spatholobus decoction on the maximum oxygen uptake of athletes.This is of great significance to improve the endurance of athletes. Methods: Male sprint athletes in sports schools were randomly divided into a control group, and three experimental groups. The experiment period lasted for four weeks, and four groups ran 5,000 meters once a day, including warm-up and training. The second and fourth groups were given suberect Spatholobus decoction at a ratio of 2ml/kg according to the body weight of the participants. The control group and the third group received the same dose of water. Fasting blood biochemical indexes were determined at 8 a.m. the day before and the day after the experiment. The VO2 maximum load test was carried out on the same day. Half a year later, the same experiment was done by switching the control group and the fourth group, and the second group switched to the third group. Statistical data are collected and analyzed using SPSS analysis systemResults -(1) The correlation values of red blood cells in the second group had an obvious decreasing trend (P<0.05), but the results of the VO2max loading test had no change. (2) Leukocyte of the third group was significantly increased (P<0.05); the VO2 maximum load test showed a significant increase in respiratory quotient and vco2. P<0.05). (3) The blood biochemical indexes of the fourth group had no significant changes, but the VO2max (P<0.01), VCO2max (P<0.05) and the maximum detection time (P<0.05) were increased significantly. Conclusion: Spatholobus decoction can improve the oxygen delivery capacity of red blood cells and increase the VO2 max of endurance trainers under the condition of blood biochemical index balance.
Preparation and Evaluation of Pirfenidone Dry Powder by Spray Drying Technology
Authors: Shi Jingyu , Li Ting , Miao Hao , Miao Hao
Published: May 2023

Inhalation of pirfenidone is one of the possible methods for effective treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. In this study, we attempted to prepare inhaled pirfenidone dry powder through reasonable design of the precursor formulation and parameter adjustment of the spray drying process. The mechanism of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer as surfactant is used to assist the dissolution of pirfenidone in water, instead of using organic solvents (such as ethanol and methanol) for dissolution, so as to reduce the production explosion-proof requirements and avoid safety problems that may be caused by solvent residues. Leucine is first enriched and crystallized on the surface of particles and then condenses into a hydrophobic shell which collapses to form wrinkles to reduce the cohesion between particles. When the solvent is water, pirfenidone: polyvinyl alcohol: leucine=2:1:3, and the inlet temperature is 120 °C, the content of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in the particles is 40.7%, and the relative content reaches 81.4% with a fraction of fine particles (FPF) of 26.2%, which represents good drug loading and inhalation performance.
Optimization of Preparation Process and Pharmacokinetics of APAP Double-Release Pellet Capsules
Authors: Zhang Ningning , Song Zifan , Qi Weiguo , Gao Ying , Yang Yang , Song Yimin
Published: May 2023

In order to develop a kind of APAP double-release pellet capsules, which was prepared with the manual filling method, the immediate and sustained release pellets of a certain proportion were prepared by the fluidized bed coating and the extrusion spheroidization process, respectively. It was founded that both the prepared immediate-release pellets and sustained-release pellets had smooth and round surfaces. The particle size distribution ranged evenly from 16 to 35 mesh. Response surface plots showed that the optimal preparation prescription for immediate-release pellets were that ethanol concentration (X1) 70%, APAP 20%, MCC (X2) 40%, PVP K30 (X3) 20%, and sucrose pellet core 20%; and the optimal preparation prescription for sustained-release pellets were that HPMC concentration (X*3) 6.5%, APAP 30%, EC (X*1) 20%, MCC (X*2) 40%, PVP K30 4%, and lactose 6%. The results of pharmacokinetic analysis revealed that, after the APAP double-release pellet was orally administered, compared with that of conventional tablets, the plasma APAP levels in the blood circulation dramatically rose to significant peaks as a result of the quick and slow release of APAP from the capsules, which significantly prolonged the effective time of drugs in blood. Finally, immediate and sustained antipyretic-analgesic effects were obtained.
Stability and Bifurcation of Tumor Immune Model with Time Delay
Authors: Yangjuan Li , Zhengying Xiao , Jinzhong Lin
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we investigate the effect of time delay on the stability of the tumor immune system using theoretical calculations and numerical simulations. Since it takes a certain time for immune cells to recognize tumor cells to make an appropriate response, a model of tumor-immune system interaction with time delay is established by considering time delay in this process. The four equilibrium points are solved by simplifying the model using Taylor expansion with a small time delay. Then the stability of each equilibrium point of the system under a small time delay is determined by calculating the characteristic roots of each equilibrium point with numerical simulation software. The results show that the system has a bistability phenomenon. The saddle point and stable node are not affected by the delay, while only the stability of the stable foci changes with the time delay with Hopf bifurcation. This study can help determine the optimal time for tumor treatment and provide a reference for analyzing tumor status and treatment.
Meta Review on the Effect of Iron Deficiency on Blood Donor
Authors: Huang MinChuan , Chen IPing , Chung ShuYing
Published: May 2023

More than 60% of the world’s countries do not have enough blood. According to the analysis report of blood donors recorded in the 2021 annual report of the Taiwan Blood Service Foundation. Taiwan’s blood donors also have hemoglobin disqualification issues, with 5.5% of them failing physical examinations before blood donation. The research method is a systematic review and comprehensive analysis of the literature. Meta-search has shown that long-term donors are faced with iron deficiency. Moderate iron intake by longterm blood donors can improve the impact on hemoglobin and ferritin. Significantly improve the delayed blood donation phenomenon of long-term blood donors.
Plasma microRNAs levels associate with the outcome of ARDS patients
Authors: Sun Qin , Huang Yingzi
Published: May 2023

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are stromal cells with renew ability for multilineage differentiation. Therefore MSC has been considered as a therapy method for rebuilding alveoli structure and repairing the function of pulmonary vascular endothelial cells (VEC). However, whether MSC can play a therapeutic role in ARDS patients depends on different ARDS phenotypes. Recent studies about microRNAs (miRNAs) proved that miRNAs played important roles in MSC regulating function and activity of VEC which may affect therapeutic response and outcome to different ARDS patients, but few studies focused on this field. The purpose of our study is that plasma miRNAs regulated VEC’s function and specific miRNAs which were related to MSC and VEC (MSC‑VEC‑miRNAs) expressed differently between survival and non-survival ARDS patients. We aim to find specific MSC‑VEC‑miRNAs which are associated with the outcome of ARDS patients.

Methods: We obtained MSC-VEC-miRNAs through searching PUBMED database. A number of 101 ARDS patients were screened and 57 of them were included in our research within 24 hours of admission to ICU. We then collected their clinical data and their blood samples, then we did real-time PCR to test plasma levels of MSC-VEC-miRNAs.

Results: Fourteen MSC-VEC-miRNAs were selected in this study. We included 57 ARDS patients and 18(31.6%) of them died on Day 28 after diagnosis. Plasma miR-26a level in non-survival group was significantly lower than that in survival group (0.33[0.09-1.17] vs. 0.97[0.17-3.49], P=0.046). Plasma miR-320 level in non-survival group was significantly higher than that in survival group (0.37[0.16-1.66] vs. 0.18[0.07-0.39], P=0.041). There was no statistical difference of other 12 miRNA between two groups.

Conclusion: Plasma miR-26a and miR-320 levels have a certain predictive value for the prognosis of ARDS patients.
Complex System Based Automation Technology for Rehabilitation System Research
Authors: Xiao Qian
Published: May 2023

With the aging of the population in China in recent years, the number of stroke patients is increasing day by day. The sequelae of stroke-induced foot drop are expected to regain some mobility after timely rehabilitation, but if patients do not receive early intervention, they may miss the best rehabilitation period and lose the ability to walk and stand completely. The traditional means of rehabilitation treatment is manual rehabilitation by rehabilitation physicians, but with the increase in the number of patients with movement disorders, the number of rehabilitation physicians has become significantly insufficient. The use of rehabilitation robots to provide adjunctive therapy to patients has become a common and effective means of rehabilitation worldwide. The early rehabilitation robots could only drive the patient to do passive rehabilitation and could not reflect the patient’s true motor intentions. Since EMG signals on the surface of the human body can advance the onset of human movement, they can be used to identify the intention of human movement. This paper validates and explores the experiment based on the underlying data.
Digital Twins in Industry 4.0: A Literature Review
Authors: Amthiou Hanan , Arioua Mounir , Benbarrad Tajjedine
Published: May 2023

Digital Twin is one of the most promising fields in Industry 4.0 due to its advantages related to real-time monitoring, performance analysis, and predictive maintenance. It is a virtual up-to-date representation of a realworld asset, system, being, and even city that is updated in real-time with data from its physical counterpart. By bridging the physical and digital, it is considered to be the innovation backbone of the future. In this contribution, we review the concept of digital twins, the development of its uses in industrial applications, and the level of integration in scientific work.
Data integration systems and bibliometrics
Authors: Tamtam Samiya , Laguidi Ahmed , Elkalay Abderrafiaa
Published: May 2023

The expansion and multiplication of information sources and their heterogeneity on the Web are one of the main difficulties encountered by users today. As a result, the integration of information is essential. It enables data from several sources to be brought together and consolidated. A concrete case of this diversity of information concerns the use of bibliometrics to analyze the literature indexed in bibliographic databases. Indeed, huge amounts of information are generated every day in scientific databases, and the proper analysis and decoding of this data are essential to uncover patterns of collaboration, emerging trends, research constituents, etc. These data would provide a solid basis for the development of new research projects. This information would constitute a solid basis for initiating a strategic and economic intelligence activity....
The use of machine learning in the Internet of Things
Authors: Ennabirha Wafaa , Moutabir Ahmed , Aboudou Abderraoouf
Published: May 2023

In the Internet of Things and wireless sensor networks period, a large number of connected objects and seeing bias are devoted to collecting, transferring, and inducing a huge quantum of data for a wide variety of fields and operations. To effectively run these complex networks of connected objects, there are several challenges like topology changes, link failures, memory constraints, interoperability, network traffic, content, scalability, network operation, security, and sequestration to name many. therefore, overcoming these challenges and exploiting them to support this technological outbreak would be one of the most pivotal tasks of the ultramodern world. Recently, the development of Artificial Intelligence(AI) led to the emergence of Machine Learning (ML), which has become the crucial enabler to figure out results and literacy models in an attempt to enhance the quality of service parameters of Internet of Things and wireless sensor networks. By learning from one gest, ML ways aim to resolve issues in the Internet of Things and wireless sensor networks and fields by erecting algorithmic models. In this paper, we’re going to punctuate the most abecedarian generalities of ML orders and Algorithms. We start by furnishing a thorough overview of the Internet of Things and wireless sensor network technologies. We also bandy the vital part of ML ways in driving up the elaboration of these technologies. also, as the crucial donation of this paper, a new taxonomy of ML algorithms is handed. We also epitomize the major operations and exploration challenges that abused ML ways in the WSN and IoT. ultimately, we dissect the critical issues and list some unborn exploration directions
Impact of the variation of capacitance, inductance, and resistive load on the behavior of buck converter
Authors: El Houcine Lahfid , El jounaidi Abdellah , Dkhichi Fayrouz , Ouali Abderrahim , El Baroudi Yassine
Published: May 2023

This paper deals with the structure of the buck converter circuit and the influence of the inappropriate values of its electrical components on the trend of its output voltage. In this perspective, a further study is established on the variation of the inductance, the capacity and the load. As a result, an observation of their impacts on the behavior of the converter is performed. Therefore, when the inductance value is low and the capacitance value is defined as large, the system tends to be more stable and faster. The optimal values of these two components have been considered within the converter circuit in order to closely observe the output response. Indeed, the obtained response has been the most stable and the faster. In this context, a comparison has been made between the calculated values and those obtained during the simulation on Matlab/Simulink. A small difference is observed between the both. On the other hand, the variation of the load resistance only influences the stability of the system, seen clearly for important values.
Comparative study of the three equivalent models’ response of solar cell
Authors: Ouali Abderrahim , El jounaidi Abdellah , Dkhichi Fayrouz , El houcine Lahfid , El baroudi Yassine
Published: May 2023

The photovoltaic cell is the main part of the solar energy conversion. The analysis of the response of the solar cell becomes a necessity. In the literature the solar cell is generally modeled by three equivalent electrical circuits. There are single diode, double diode and triple diodes model. the aim of this paper is to study the accuracy of each model. Therefore, by comparing the generated errors between each model and those obtained by measured data from RTC France solar cell, it was proven that the triple diodes model is the most precise among the three models. errors functions like RMSE and IAE were used to demonstrate this outcome.
A non-linear backstepping control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM)
Authors: Ben Achour Hafid , Ziani Said , El Hassouani Youssef
Published: May 2023

In the industry, the permanent magnet synchronous motors are one of the most widely used motors and have superior performance compared to the other types of motors. The principal objective of this paper is to ameliorate the performance of PMSMs by implementing a robust non-linear backstepping control. The first part deals with the vector control of mechanical sensors using PI controller. In the second part, we shed the light on the non-linear backstepping control, using Lyapunov function, of PMSM from the point of view of stability and robustness. The results are validated by MALTAB/SIMULINK. The results obtained show the good stability and good dynamic of PMSM’s control by backstepping controller, also the PI is very sensitive to parameter’s machine variation compared with the backstepping controller.
Die Validierung des Vinzenz ErnährungsScreening Tools und der
Bioimpedanz Vektor Analyse gegenüber dem NRS 2002 sowie die Berechnung
der Kosten pro Screening
Authors: Weigel Thomas , Mayr Hermann , Zulehner Christoph Richard , Hummer Barbara
Published: May 2023

Einleitung Die EU empfiehlt in Krankenhäusern ein Screening,
bezogen auf das Risiko für Mangelernährung, zu etablieren. Die
Vinzenz Gruppe hat ein eigenes Screeningtool entwickelt, das Vinzenz
ErnährungsScreening Tool (VEST). Die Bioimpedanz Vektor Analyse (BIVA)
kann über das Nutrigram den Ernährungszustand anhand der
Körperzellmasse einschätzen. Die Kosten pro Screeningverfahren
für das Risiko auf Mangelernährung sind in der Literatur kaum
berücksichtigt.

Methoden Das Ziel der Arbeit war, die Validität des VEST und des
Nutrigram gegenüber dem von Ernährungsfachgesellschaften als
Standard etablierten Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) zu bestimmen.
Zusätzlich wurden die anfallenden Kosten pro Screeningverfahren
für verschiedene Berufsgruppen ermittelt.

Ergebnisse An der Studie nahmen 412 Patient*innen teil. Die
Prävalenz für Mangelernährungsrisiko lag beim NRS bei
25,2%; beim VEST bei 27,3% und beim Nutrigram bei 19,4%;
die Sensitivität des VEST betrug 89% und die des Nutrigrams
51,3%; die Kosten pro Erhebung liegen zwischen 0,61 EURO und 2,90
EURO.

Diskussion Das Ergebnis kann dem VEST gegenüber dem NRS 2002 eine
gute Validität bescheinigen. Für das Nutrigram ist die
Validität als ausreichend einzuschätzen. Bei einer hohen
prädiktiven Validität sind die Kosten zur Bestimmung des
Mangelernährungsrisikos mittels VEST am geringsten. Für den
alltäglichen Einsatz ist das VEST gut geeignet, weil es leicht
durchführbar und von allen untersuchten Berufsgruppen einfach anwendbar
ist.
Bilaterale akute makuläre Neuroretinopathie (AMN) nach COVID-19 und Verlauf
Authors: Bartsch Alexander Johannes , Skornia Adam Alexander , Mardin Christian Yahya , Hohberger Bettina
Published: May 2023

Die akute makuläre Neuroretinopathie (AMN) stellt eine seltene Krankheitsentität dar. Sie wird vor allem bei jungen Frauen mit zurückliegender grippeähnlicher Infektion oder mehrjähriger
Einnahme oraler Kontrazeptiva beobachtet. Die Patienten beschreiben typischerweise eine subjektive Sehverschlechterung und mono- oder bilaterale, parazentral gelegene, relative Skotome. In
manchen Fällen können sich in der funduskopischen ophthalmologischen Untersuchung dezente, scharf begrenzte, flache Läsionen in rötlich-brauner oder orangefarbener Färbung im Makulabereich
zeigen. Die Diagnosestellung erfolgt meist mittels einer Nahinfrarot-Fundusaufnahme, in der sich hyporeflektive Areale darstellen, und der SD-OCT-Bildgebung, in der sich Veränderungen in den
äußeren Netzhautschichten manifestieren. Nachfolgend werden 3 Patientenfälle mit einer beidseitigen AMN geschildert, die in einem direkten zeitlichen Zusammenhang mit einer kürzlich
zurückliegenden SARS-CoV-2-Infektion auftraten.
Praxisanleitung in der Ausbildung zur Anästhesietechnischen Assistenz
Authors: Thomas-Krause Paul-Björn
Published: May 2023

Mit Einführung des ersten bundesrechtlich geregelten Gesetzes der Anästhesietechnischen und Operationstechnischen Assistenz und der nachfolgenden Ausbildungs- und Prüfungsverordnung treten verbindliche und ausdifferenzierte Regelungen bezüglich Praxisanleitung und -begleitung in Kraft. Der Beitrag erläutert die Termini Praxisanleitung und -begleitung sowie die einzelnen relevanten Regelungen der praktischen Ausbildung.
Effektivität von Weaningprotokollen – ein Review aktueller Evidenz
Authors: Seeger Juliane , Kellerer Jan Daniel
Published: May 2023

Das intensivmedizinische Setting ist seit jeher eng mit respiratorischer Insuffizienz und Beatmung verbunden. Ist eine Intubation zwingend erforderlich, gibt es eine Vielzahl an Beatmungsverfahren und -konzepten. Als allgemeine Weisheit gilt hier: Mit der Intubation fängt das Weaning an. Dabei stellt sich die Frage, welches Weaningverfahren zur positiven Beeinflussung relevanter Patienten-Outcomes am effektivsten ist. In dieser Literaturübersichtsarbeit soll diese Frage auf Basis aktueller Evidenz beantwortet werden. – Der Beitrag belegte den 1. Platz beim 25. intensiv-Pflegepreis.
Selective Deuteration of Heterocycle N-Oxides via Iridium-Catalysed Hydrogen Isotope Exchange
Authors: Kerr William J. , Owens Philippa K. , Smith Blair I. P. , Campos Sebastien , Lindsay David M.
Published: May 2023

An iridium(I) N-heterocyclic carbene/phosphine complex has been applied to the C–H activation and hydrogen isotope exchange of quinoline N-oxides. The isotope labelling proceeds under exceptionally low catalyst loadings of 0.25 mol% and delivers products with high levels of deuterium incorporation selectively at the C8 position. A broad substrate scope is demonstrated, with the method tolerant of electron-poor and -rich substrates, and of substitution adjacent to the site of C–H activation. The isotope label is fully retained under standard deoxygenation conditions to give the corresponding labelled quinoline, and the labelling and deoxygenation can be combined in a one-pot procedure.
Prospective assessment of the accuracy of ASGE and ESGE guidelines for choledocholithiasis
Authors: Silva-Santisteban Andy , Shah Ishani , Chandnani Madhuri , Wadhwa Vaibhav , Tsai Leo , Bezuidenhout Abraham F. , Berzin Tyler M. , Pleskow Douglas , Sawhney Mandeep
Published: May 2023

Background and study aims American Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) and European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) guidelines recommend categorizing patients by risk for choledocholithiasis to determine management. The goal of our study was to compare the accuracy of criteria proposed in these guidelines.

Patients and methods All patients with suspected choledocholithiasis at our institution were prospectively identified. Based upon initial test results, patients were categorized as low, intermediate, and high risk for choledocholithiasis per ASGE 2010 and 2019, and ESGE criteria. Patients were followed until 30 days post-discharge. Results of endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERCP), endoscopic ultrasound, and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography were used as criteria standard for choledocholithiasis. The accuracy of each criterion for choledocholithiasis was computed.

Results During the study period, 359 consecutive patients with
suspected choledocholithiasis were identified, of whom 225 had choledocholithiasis. Median
patient age was 69 years and 55.3% were women. ESGE criteria categorized 47.9% as high-risk,
lower than ASGE 2010 (62.7%, P<0.01), and 2019 criteria (54.6%,
P=0.07). In high-risk patients, choledocholithiasis was noted in
83.1% for ESGE criteria, similar for ASGE 2019 (81.6%, P=0.7) and
2010 criteria (79.1%, P=0.3). The percentage of patients who
underwent unnecessary ERCP was 8.1% per ESGE criteria, lower than ASGE 2010 (13.1%, P=0.03), but similar to 2019 criteria (10%, P=0.4). No difference in accuracy for choledocholithiasis was noted among the three
criteria. No 30-day readmissions for choledocholithiasis were noted in the low-risk
category.

Conclusions ESGE and ASGE guidelines have similar accuracy for diagnosis of choledocholithiasis. However, ESGE criteria result in more patients needing additional testing, but also a smaller proportion of patients undergoing unnecessary ERCP.
Autoimmune Congenital Complete Heart Block: How Late Can It Occur?
Authors: Makadia Luv , Izmirly Peter , Buyon Jill P. , Phoon Colin K. L.
Published: May 2023

Objective Maternal anti-Ro (SSA) and/or anti-La (SSB) antibodies are a risk factor for congenital complete heart block (CHB). Because detailed analysis of the incidence of CHB after 24 weeks of gestational age (GA) is lacking, we aimed to ascertain the risk of “later-onset” CHB among offspring of SSA/SSB-positive mothers in the published literature.

Study Design Using search terms “neonatal lupus heart block” and “autoimmune congenital heart block” on PubMed and Ovid, we gathered prospective studies of SSA/SSB-positive mothers with fetal echo surveillance starting from before CHB diagnosis and retrospective cases of fetal CHB diagnosis after 24 weeks of GA (if there was prior normal heart rate) or after birth.

Results Ten prospective studies included 1,248 SSA/SSB-positive pregnancies with 24 cases of CHB diagnosed during pregnancy (1.9%). Among these, three (12.5%) were after 24 weeks—at weeks 25, 26, and 28. Our retrospective studies revealed 50 patients with CHB diagnosis in late fetal life and neonatal period and 34 in the nonneonatal childhood period. An additional four cases were diagnosed after age 18 years.

Conclusion Later-onset autoimmune CHB in offspring of SSA/SSB-positive mothers does occur. Our analysis suggests that prenatal surveillance should continue beyond 24 weeks of GA but is limited by inconsistent published surveillance data.
Risk mitigation services in cyber insurance: optimal contract design and price structure
Authors: Zeller Gabriela , Scherer Matthias
Published: May 2023

As the cyber insurance market is expanding and cyber insurance policies continue to mature, the potential of including pre-incident and post-incident services into cyber policies is being recognised by insurers and insurance buyers. This work addresses the question of how such services should be priced from the insurer’s viewpoint, i.e. under which conditions it is rational for a profit-maximising, risk-neutral or risk-averse insurer to share the costs of providing risk mitigation services. The interaction between insurance buyer and seller is modelled as a Stackelberg game, where both parties use distortion risk measures to model their individual risk aversion. After linking the notions of pre-incident and post-incident services to the concepts of self-protection and self-insurance, we show that when pricing a single contract, the insurer would always shift the full cost of self-protection services to the insured; however, this does not generally hold for the pricing of self-insurance services or when taking a portfolio viewpoint. We illustrate the latter statement using toy examples of risks with dependence mechanisms representative in the cyber context.
Review symposium: Beyond presidentialism and parliamentarism
Authors: Tsebelis George , Thies Michael , Cheibub José Antonio , Dixon Rosalind , Bogéa Daniel , Ganghof Steffen
Published: May 2023

Steffen Ganghof’s Beyond Presidentialism and Parliamentarism: Democratic Design and the Separation of Powers (Oxford University Press, 2021) posits that “in a democracy, a constitutional separation of powers between the executive and the assembly may be desirable, but the constitutional concentration of executive power in a single human being is not” (Ganghof, 2021). To consider, examine and theorise about this, Ganghof urges engagement with semi-parliamentarism. As explained by Ganghof, legislative power is shared between two democratically legitimate sections of parliament in a semi-parliamentary system, but only one of those sections selects the government and can remove it in a no-confidence vote. Consequently, power is dispersed and not concentrated in the hands of any one person, which, Ganghof argues, can lead to an enhanced form of parliamentary democracy. In this book review symposium, George Tsebelis, Michael Thies, José Antonio Cheibub, Rosalind Dixon and Daniel Bogéa review Steffen Ganghof’s book and engage with the author about aspects of research design, case selection and theoretical argument. This symposium arose from an engaging and constructive discussion of the book at a seminar hosted by Texas A&M University in 2022. We thank Prof José Cheibub (Texas A&M) for organising that seminar and Dr Anna Fruhstorfer (University of Potsdam) for initiating this book review symposium.
How can we foster caring meals? Findings from an ethnographic study in day care centers for older adults in Sápmi, Norway
Authors: Holster Terhi , Munkejord Mai Camilla
Published: May 2023

This study aims to advance our understanding of meals in Day Care Centers (DCCs) for older adults. By using a phenomenological approach, we aim to shed light on physical, sociocultural, and existential aspects of participants’ bodily experiences of meal situations. Based on a thematic analysis of qualitative data from seven weeks of ethnographic fieldwork in two DCCs for older adults in Sápmi, Norway (2021–2022), we explore how we can foster nourishing, meaningful, and diversity-sensitive meals, adjusted to the bodies cared for. In our conclusion, we argue that food should be considered an important part of care in DCCs—not only as a means to feed older adults but as a way to nourish the whole person cared for.
A regularity criterion for the 3D axisymmetric Boussinesq equations with non-zero swirl
Authors: Wang Peng , Guo Zhengguang
Published: May 2023

In this paper, we are devoted to establishing a new regularity criterion of weak solutions to incompressible axisymmetric Boussinesq equations. More precisely, we prove that for a small ϵ > 0, if the angular component of velocity field uθ(t, r, z) satisfies sup0<t<T‖zuθ‖L∞(Ωδ)≤ϵ, where Ωδ≔x1,x2,z∈R3|x12+x22<δ denotes a thin cylinder with infinite height and radius δ > 0, which is independent of the initial data, then the weak solution (u, ρ) to 3D Boussinesq equations is regular in (0, T].
Efficient and all-carbon electrical readout of a NV-based quantum sensor
Authors: Villaret Guillaume , Mayer Ludovic , Schmidt Martin , Magaletti Simone , De Feudis Mary , Markham Matthew , Edmonds Andrew , Roch Jean-François , Debuisschert Thierry
Published: May 2023

The spin readout of an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond can be realized by a photoconductive detection that is a complementary method to the optical detection of the NV electron spin magnetic resonance. Here, we implement the photoconductive detection through graphitic planar electrodes that collect the photocurrent. Graphitic electrodes are patterned using a xenon focused-ion beam on an optical-grade quality diamond crystal containing a nitrogen concentration of ∼1 ppm and a NV concentration of a few parts per billion. Resistance and current–voltage characteristics of the NV-doped diamond junction are investigated tuning the 532 nm pump beam intensity. The junction has an ohmic behavior and, under a strong bias field, we observe velocity saturation of the optically induced carriers in the diamond junction. We perform the photoconductive detection in the continuous-wave regime of the magnetic resonance of the NV centers ensemble for a magnetic field applied along the ⟨100⟩ and the ⟨111⟩ directions with a magnitude above 100 mT. This technique enables the realization of all-carbon diamond quantum sensors integrating graphitic microstructures for the electrical readout.
Current shunting effects in Cd3As2: A closer look at the topological-ferromagnet interface
Authors: Blumenschein Nicholas A. , Stephen Gregory M. , Grutter Karen E. , Sadler Erick C. , DeMell Jennifer E. , Guo Binghao , Stemmer Susanne , Hanbicki Aubrey T. , Friedman Adam L.
Published: May 2023

Topological materials, such as Cd3As2, are of great importance for next-generation computing systems where energy efficiency is paramount. For example, in spin–orbit torque magnetic access memory (SOT-MRAM), topological materials generate the spin–orbit torque necessary for magnetization switching of an adjacent magnetic layer. Current shunting at the ferromagnet–topological material interface can be detrimental for spin generation and overall SOT efficiency. Here, the current shunting effect is analyzed in permalloy- and gold-shunted Cd3As2 disk structures using angle-dependent magnetoresistance measurements. We observe Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations and weak antilocalization. Hakami–Larkin–Nagaoka and Tkachov–Hankiewicz models are used to evaluate the weak antilocalization. We confirm the effects of current shunting and discuss its detriment to the efficiency of spin-based devices.