bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A APLICAÇÃO DO PRINCÍPIO DA INSIGNIFICÂNCIA NOS CRIMES CONTRA A ADMINISTRAÇÃO PÚBLICA: AS NUANCES DA MORALIDADE
Authors: Sampaio Lucas Leal
Published: October 2021

O presente trabalho consubstancia um breve estudo sobre a aplicação do princípio da insignificância nos crimes contra a Administração Pública.  Para tanto, inicialmente busca determinar os limites do referido princípio penal. Posteriormente, demonstra que a moralidade não possui caráter absoluto, permitindo relativizações e, deste modo, podendo sofrer lesões irrelevantes para a sociedade. Por fim, debate os polêmicos posicionamentos jurisprudenciais sobre a matéria, com fulcro nas divergências sedimentadas pelo Superior Tribunal de Justiça e o Supremo Tribunal Federal.
Aporte del SENA al sistema nacional de ciencia, tecnología e innovación de Colombia
Authors: Vargas Yara Gustavo , Rodriguez Darwin Dubay , Silva Ortiz Aylin Viviana
Published: October 2021

Existen diferentes enfoques que dan cuenta de la importancia de la relación entre el crecimiento económico y la implementación de programas de ciencia, tecnología e innovación (CTI) en el marco del diseño, la ejecución y la evaluación de políticas públicas. Por lo anterior, este trabajo aborda dicha relación desde el concepto, la metodología, la normativa y la implementación de la política de CTI de Colombia, resaltando el aporte del Servicio Nacional de Aprendizaje (SENA) a la construcción de programas de CTI en el país. Aquí se muestran las contribuciones de la estrategia SENNOVA, creada por el SENA, como respuesta institucional a la normatividad de ciencia y tecnología nacional y la organización en la inversión de recursos. Finalmente, se concluye que SENNOVA es un agente multiplicador de la apropiación tecnológica, social y colectiva, al transferir el conocimiento generado en los proyectos de diferentes líneas programáticas de CTI a los procesos de formación profesional y al sector productivo, contribuyendo así con la disminución de las brechas tecnológicas existentes en el país.
Aproximación al tratamiento de aguas residuales del lavado del café con las microalgas Parachlorella kessreli y Desmodesmus armatus
Authors: Sandoval Salazar Iván Alberto , Darwich Cedeño Mohamed Toufic , Castañeda María Del Rosario , Torres Munar Wilmer Andrés , Montenegro Ruiz Luis Carlos
Published: October 2021

Colombia es uno de los mayores productores de café en el mundo, con un mercado que superó los 13,9 millones de sacos en 2020. Sin embargo, en el proceso de beneficio húmedo del café se emplean grandes cantidades de agua, aproximadamente 4.154.354 m3, en las fases de despulpado, lavado y transporte del grano, generando aguas residuales contaminadas que tienen poco tratamiento antes de ser vertidas a las fuentes hídricas. En el presente trabajo se buscó aislar especies de microalgas que crezcan en estos ambientes, utilizar estas especies en procesos de depuración de aguas residuales del proceso de lavado del café y buscar una aplicación de la biomasa resultante. Para la obtención de las cepas de microalgas se utilizaron técnicas de agotamiento. Con el fin de evaluar su capacidad de depuración, estas fueron cultivadas en agua residual de diferentes concentraciones bajo condiciones de laboratorio, determinando la remoción de materia orgánica. Adicionalmente, se caracterizó bioquímicamente la biomasa algal para determinar posibles usos biotecnológicos o industriales. Se encontró dos Chloroficeaes cocales, Parachlorella kessreli y Desmodesmus armatus, las cuales demostraron una alta eficiencia en la remoción de nitrógeno total (> 50 %) y fósforo total (> 70 %), así como una disminución significativa de la DQO (> 70 %) en los mejores tratamientos. Finalmente, se encontró para Parachlorella kessreli alta producción de lípidos y para Desmodesmus armatus alta producción de proteína.
Psychometric Properties of the Internet Gaming Disorder Scale–Short-Form (IGDS9-SF): Systematic Review
Authors: Poon Lok Y J , Tsang Hector W H , Chan Tsan Y J , Man Sze W T , Ng Lok Y , Wong Yi L E , Lin Chung-Ying , Chien Chi-Wen , Griffiths Mark D , Pontes Halley M , Pakpour Amir H
Published: October 2021

Background

The Internet Gaming Disorder Scale–Short-Form (IGDS9-SF) is among the best with regard to its psychometric properties. Therefore, clinical psychologists are likely guided to use the IGDS9-SF if they want to assess or screen the disordered gaming in their practice. However, the information, especially psychometric evidence, concerning the IGDS9-SF has not been fully examined and summarized.

Objective

This systematic review evaluated the psychometric properties of different language versions of the IGDS9-SF and assessed its methodological quality in order to improve the clinicians’ understanding of the IGDS9-SF and facilitate its use.

Methods

Systematic literature searches were carried out using Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science. The review included English-language studies of any research design that have reported at least one psychometric property of the IGDS9-SF, as defined by the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstrument (COSMIN), and have aimed at testing the psychometric properties of the IGDS9-SF.

Results

In total, 21 studies comprising 15 language versions of the IGDS9-SF were included. Overall, the IGDS9-SF showed adequate internal consistency (although some items did not have satisfactory item-total correlation [IT]), excellent criterion validity, and the ability to distinguish different subgroups with measurement invariance being supported across gender and age. In terms of factor structure, the IGDS9-SF was shown to have a unidimensional factor structure across all 21 studies.

Conclusions

Although there is insufficient evidence regarding the responsiveness and properties of the IGDS9-SF using item response theory, the existing evidence supports its use in assessing disordered gaming among individuals.
Continuous User Experience Monitoring of a Patient-Completed Preoperative Assessment System in the United Kingdom: Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Maramba Inocencio Daniel , Chatterjee Arunangsu
Published: October 2021

Background

Anesthetic preoperative assessment (POA) is now a common part of the surgical care pathway, and guidelines support its routine use. MyPreOp (Ultramed Ltd) is a web-based POA system that enables remote assessments. Usability is a key factor in the success of digital health solutions.

Objective

This study aims to assess the usability of the MyPreOp system through patient feedback, investigate the amount of time it took for patients to complete the POA questionnaire and the factors that influenced completion time, and explore the effect on completion times of implementing a validated eHealth usability scale, as compared to using a simple but unvalidated usability evaluation scale, and to test the feasibility of administering a more detailed usability evaluation scale in a staggered manner so as not to unduly increase completion times.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, anonymized data sets were extracted from the MyPreOp system. The participants were adults (aged ≥18 years), scheduled for nonurgent surgical procedures performed in hospitals in the United Kingdom, who gave consent for their anonymized data to be analyzed. Data collected included age, gender, American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) physical classification status, and completion time. Two user experience evaluations were used: in Phase 1, 2 questions asking about overall experience and ease of use, and in Phase 2, a previously validated usability questionnaire, with its 20 questions equally distributed among 5 succeeding patient cohorts. There were 2593 respondents in total (Phase 1: n=1193; Phase 2: n=1400). The median age of the participants was 46 years, and 1520 (58.62%) of the 2593 respondents were female. End points measured were the median completion times in Phase I and Phase II. The data were collected by extracting a subset of records from the database and exported to a spreadsheet for analysis (Excel, Microsoft Corporation). The data were analyzed for differences in completion times between Phase I and Phase II, as well as for differences between age groups, genders, and ASA classifications.

Results

MyPreOp scored well in usability in both phases. In Phase 1, 81.64% (974/1193) of respondents had a good or better experience, and 93.8% (1119/1193) found it easy to use. The usability rating in Phase 2 was 4.13 out of a maximum of 5, indicating high usability. The median completion time was 40.4 minutes. The implementation of the longer usability evaluation scale in Phase 2 did not negatively impact the completion times. Age and ASA physical status were found to be moderately associated with increased completion times.

Conclusions

MyPreOp rates high in both user experience and usability. The method of dividing the questionnaire into 5 blocks is valid and does not negatively affect completion times. Further research into the factors affecting completion time is recommended.
Influence of Maternal Exposure to Mass Media on Growth Stunting Among Children Under Five: Mediation Analysis Through the Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Program (Preprint)
Authors: Huo Shutong , Wang Kai , Liu Zongchao , Yang Yuao , Hee Jia Yi , He Qiwei , Takesue Rie , Tang Kun
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND

The issue of malnutrition in the Democratic Republic of Congo is severe. Meanwhile, the Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene program has been demonstrated to be effective in reducing the rates of growth stunting among children.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to explore the association between maternal exposure to mass media and stunting in children through water, sanitation, and hygiene behaviors.

METHODS

Mediation analysis was conducted using data from the 2018 Multiple Indicators Cluster Surveys.

RESULTS

Mothers’ exposures to television and the internet in the Democratic Republic of Congo significantly decreases the risk of stunting in children by 5% and 10%, respectively, mediated by household water, sanitation, and hygiene facilities and practices.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings could inform interventions and policies to reduce the rate of stunting rate children by promoting water, sanitation, and hygiene through mass media, especially through the internet and television.
Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitor and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Combination Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes: Protocol for a Kidney End Points Real-world Study (COMBi-KID Study) (Preprint)
Authors: Feher Michael , Hinton William , Forbes Anna , Munro Neil , Joy Mark , Wheeler David , de Lusignan Simon
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND

Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are both considered to be part of standard care in the management of glycemia in type 2 diabetes. Recent trial evidence has indicated benefits on primary kidney end points for individual drugs within each medication class. Despite the potential benefits of combining SGLT2is and GLP-1RAs for glycemia management, according to national and international guideline recommendations, there is currently limited data on kidney end points for this drug combination.

OBJECTIVE

The aims of the study are to assess the real-world effects of combination SGLT2i and GLP-1RA therapies for diabetes management on kidney end points, glycemic control, and weight in people with type 2 diabetes who are being treated with renin-angiotensin system blockade medication.

METHODS

This retrospective cohort study will use the electronic health records of people with type 2 diabetes that are registered with general practices covering over 15 million people in England and Wales and are included in the Oxford-Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre network. A propensity score–matched cohort of prevalent new users of SGLT2is and GLP-1RAs and those who have been prescribed SGLT2is and GLP-1RAs in combination will be identified. They will be matched based on drug histories, comorbidities, and demographics. A repeated-measures, multilevel, linear regression analysis will be performed to compare the mean change (from baseline) in estimated glomerular filtration rate at 12 and 24 months between those who switched to combined therapy and those continuing monotherapy with an SGLT2i or GLP-1RA. The secondary end points will be albuminuria, serum creatinine level, glycated hemoglobin level, and BMI. These will also be assessed for change at the 12- and 24-month follow-ups.

RESULTS

The study is due to commence in March 2022 and is expected to be complete by September 2022.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study will be the first to assess the impact of combination SGLT2i and GLP-1RA therapy in type 2 diabetes on primary kidney end points from a real-world perspective.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/34206
The Korean 3T Practice: New Biosurveillance Model Utilizing New Information Technology and Digital Tools (Preprint)
Authors: Kim HyunJung
Published: October 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

In South Korea, COVID-19 pandemic responses, namely the 3T (testing, tracing, and treating) strategy, emerged as a new biosurveillance regime actively using new information technology (IT) and digital tools. The foundation of the Korean 3T system is epidemiological investigation efforts and clinical practices exploiting the use of new digital and IT tools. Due to these unique features, the Korean 3T system can be referred to as a “contact-based biosurveillance system,” which is an advanced version of the traditional biosurveillance models (indicator-based or event-based models). This article illustrates how the contact-based biosurveillance system originated from the experience with the 2015 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreak. The post-MERS Korean biosurveillance regime actively adopted the utility of new digital and IT tools to strengthen not only the ex-ante epidemic intelligence capabilities (by traditional models) but also the ex-post response and recovery capabilities (digital contact tracing and digital health intervention). However, critics claim that the Korean 3T system may violate individuals’ privacy and human rights by addressing the fact that the Korean biosurveillance system would strengthen social surveillance and population control by the government as a “digital big brother” in the cyber age. Nevertheless, 3T biosurveillance promises a positive future direction for digital health practice in the current biosurveillance regimes.
La participación de las cinasas de proteínas activadas por mitógenos en la señalización por hormonas en Arabidopsis thaliana L.
Authors: González-Coronel José Manuel , Guevara-García Ángel Arturo
Published: October 2021

Los módulos de señalización mediados por cinasas de proteína activadas por mitógenos o MAPK (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, por sus siglas en inglés), participan en la transducción de distintos tipos de señales mediante la fosforilación de diversos sustratos como las enzimas, componentes estructurales, factores transcripcionales e incluso otras cinasas. Estos módulos están conformados por miembros de tres familias de proteinas diferentes, denominadas MAPK, MEK o MAPKK (MAP cinasa cinasa) y MEKK o MAPKKK (MAP cinasa cinasa cinasa), que se activan de manera secuencial por la fosforilación de residuos de aminoácidos localizados en el dominio de activación. Mediante cascadas de MAPK las células responden a distintos tipos de estrés, además, se ha demostrado que las hormonas vegetales también ejercen su efecto en los programas de crecimiento y desarrollo de las plantas a través de estas mismas vías de señalización. En este trabajo se presenta un panorama general de los diversos mecanismos de señalización por hormonas en Arabidopsis thaliana L., en los que están involucradas cascadas de señalización de MAPK.
LOCATION AND STABILITY OF THE TRIANGULAR POINTS IN THE TRIAXIAL ELLIPTIC RESTRICTED THREE-BODY PROBLEM
Authors: Radwan M. , Abd El Motelp Nihad S.
Published: October 2021

The main goal of the present paper is to evaluate the perturbed locations and investigate the linear stability of the triangular points. We studied the problem in the elliptic restricted three body problem frame of work. The problem is generalized in the sense that the two primaries are considered as triaxial bodies. It was found that the locations of these points are affected by the triaxiality coefficients of the primaries and the eccentricity of orbits. Also, the stability regions depend on the involved perturbations. We also studied the periodic orbits in the vicinity of the triangular points.
THE CHALLENGES OF MODELLING THE ACTIVITIES OCCURRING ON ECLIPSING BINARIES V1130 CYG AND V461 LYR
Authors: Yoldaş E. , Dal H. A.
Published: October 2021

We present the findings for the magnetic activities seen on V1130 Cyg and V461 Lyr. In the case of V1130 Cyg, the secondary component's temperature was found to be 3891±50 K, while the mass ratio was computed as 0.689±0.001, and the orbital inclination as 90°.00±0°.01. The temperature of V461 Lyr's secondary component was found to be 4206±50 K, and the mass ratio was calculated as 0.999±0.001 with 89°.58±0°.01 of orbital inclination. The analyses exhibit the effects of the stellar spots on the light curves. The models indicate that there are two types of flares in the case of V1130 Cyg, and three types of flares for V461 Lyr. The Plateau parameters have been found as 2.1997 s for Group 1 and 1.0068 s for Group 2 in the case of V1130 Lyr. They have been computed as 1.9015 s for Group 1, 2.7943 s for Group 2, and 3.4324 s for Group 3 of V461 Lyr.
STABILITY ANALYSIS OF RELATIVISTIC POLYTROPES
Authors: Saad Abdel-Naby S. , Nouh Mohamed I. , Shaker Ashraf A. , Kamel Tarek M.
Published: October 2021

We study the relativistic self-gravitating, hydrostatic spheres with a polytropic equation of state, considering structures with the polytropic indices n=1(0.5)3 and illustrate the results for the relativistic parameters σ=0−0.75. We determine the critical relativistic parameter at which the mass of the polytrope has a maximum value and represents the first mode of radial instability. For n=1(0.5)2.5, stable relativistic polytropes occur for σ less than the critical values 0.42, 0.20, 0.10, and 0.04, respectively, while unstable relativistic polytropes are obtained when σ is greater than the same values. When n=3.0 and σ>0.5, energetically unstable solutions occur. The results of critical values are in full agreement with those evaluated by several authors. Comparisons between analytical and numerical solutions of the given relativistic functions provide a maximum relative error of order 10−3.
Peran Mediasi dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Sertipikat Gandadi Badan Pertanahan Nasional (BPN) Kabupaten Klungkung
Authors: Dinata I Gede Agus Marta , Dewi Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi , Suryani Luh Putu
Published: October 2021

Tanah atau wilayah merupakan unsur utama dari suatu negara. Besarnya pengaruh tanah terhadap kehidupan manusia, menjadikan Negara berkewajiban untuk memberikan jaminan kepastian hukum terhadap hak atas tanah itu walaupun hak tersebut tetap dibatasi oleh kepentingan orang lain, masyarakat, dan terlebih lagi negara. Dari latar belakang dapat dirumuskan permasalah seperti 1). Bagaimanakah penyelesaian sengketa sertipikat ganda melalui mediasi di Badan Pertanahan Nasional (BPN) Kabupaten Klungkung? 2). Bagaimanakah hambatan-hambatan dalam menyelesaikan sengketa sertipikat ganda di Badan Pertanahan Nasional (BPN) Kabupaten Klungkung? Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum empiris dengan melakukan mendeskripsikan hukum sebagai law in action. Kebijakan negara atas kepastian jaminan kepemilikan tanah itu diperkuat dan diatur hak dan kewajibannya dalam Undang Undang Pokok Agraria (UUPA) yang diterbitkan pada tahun 1960. Meskipun demikian, permasalah tanah tidak dapat luput dari kehidupan masyarakat. salah satu permasalah yang sering terjadi yakni adanya sertipikat ganda. Dalam hal ini Badan Pertanahan Nasional memiliki peran penting untuk dapat menyelesaikannya.
Penegakan Hukum Pidana Terhadap Penyelundupan Hewan Satwa
Authors: Suradnya I Gusti Ngurah Made , Dewi Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi , Suryani Luh Putu
Published: October 2021

Satwa yang harus dilindungi dimana mendapat suatu perlindungan oleh pemerintah. Yang dimana dalam hal ini membuat masyarakat tidak boleh berbuat tindakan-tindakan yang tidak benar dengan aturan yang sudah ditetapkan oleh pemerintah dalam hal ini terhadap satwa dilindungi. Jika dilihat pada pasal 1 angka 1 UU No 5 Tahun 1990 tentang Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam disebutkan bahwa satwa tersendiri adalah binatang yang tumbuh dan hidup di darat, udara dan air yang memiliki sifat liar yang berbeda-beda, bahkan yang dipelihara oleh manusia ataupun hidup di alam bebas. Rumusan dalam penelitian ini sebagai berikut bagaimanakah pengaturan hukum penyelundupan hewan satwa dan bagaimanakah sanksi pidana terhadap penyelundupan hewan satwa. Adapun metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian hukum normatif. Diharapkan pemerintah dan masyarakat Indonesia khususnya untuk mau ikut melindungi serta memberantas orang-orang dalam hal perburuan hewan liar yang dilindungi, dimana hal tersebut bertujuan agar hewan langka yang ada disekitar kita tetap lestari.
Pelaksanaan Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Perempuan Sebagai Saksi Korban Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga
Authors: Putra Andrie Eka , Dewi Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi , Karma Ni Made Sukaryati
Published: October 2021

Perbuatan kebengisan kepada wanita menurut umum ialah kejadian yang banyak di alami oleh banyak wanita, Bahkan jika perbuatan kebengisan tersebut berlaku pada rumah tangga, lantaran kejadian tersebut masih dianggap tabu dan masih dianggap seperti kejadian keluarga yang di selesaikan menurut kekeluargaan. Hal ini menampakkan masih melimpah korban wanita kebingasan pada tempat tinggal menutup perkataan dan menyimpan masalah tadi rapat-rapat. Rumusan masalah yang di angkat yakni 1) Apa saja yang menjadi faktor-faktor pembawa terjadinya KDRT, 2) Bagaimana pelaksanaan kasus kepada perempuan sebagai saksi korban KDRT di PN Denpasar. Jenis pengkajian yang digunakan adalah tipe pengkajian empiris. Hasil pembahasan dari pengkajian ini adalah faktor-faktor pembawa terjadinya KDRT lantaran kurangnya komunikasi antara suami dan istri pada keluarga yang ialah penentu keharmonisan keluarga dan penerapan perlindungan hukum akan perempuan sebagai saksi korban kekerasan di dalam KDRT di PN Denpasar pada kebenaran dilingkungan telah bergerak sebagian efektif semacam segala sesuatu yang diatur pada garis hukumnya. Sehingga petugas penegak hukum dapat menyelesaikan masalah KDRT dengan baik sehingga bisa menerima perlindungan bagi perempuan sebagai korban KDRT.
Perlindungan Konsumen Terhadap Tindakan Pemadaman Listrik yang dilakukan Secara Sepihak Oleh PT. PLN (Persero) UP3 Bali Selatan
Authors: Kusuma I Gede Dharma , Budiartha I Nyoman Putu , Widiati Ida Ayu Putu
Published: October 2021

Indonesia merupakan negara yang terdiri dari beberapa pulau dan setiap wilayah yang ada memerlukan tenaga listrik sebagai kebutuhan sehari – hari maupun kebutuhan jangka panjang, keadaan yang ada saat ini banyak masyarakat mengeluh terhadap pelayanan yang diberikan pihak PLN yaitu pemadaman listrik tanpa pemberitahuan terlebih dahulu. Banyaknya keluhan masyarakat berkaitan dengan pemadaman listrik membuat pihak PLN kelimpungan dalam membenahi struktur organisasi terutama di sektor koordinasi antar pekerja. Pemerintah dalam hal memberikan perlindungan kepada masyarakat dalam hal mendapatkan pasokan listrik cukup membuat peraturan perlindungan konsumen yang didalamnya terdapat hak dan kewajiban konsumen untuk mendapatkan keadilan dan berkewajiban melakukan himbauan dari pemerintah dalam upaya mencegah terjadinya tindak pidana sesuai dengan hukum positif yang berlaku di Indonesia. Pemerintah mengatasi para pekerja lapangan dari pihak PLN yang secara sengaja atau tidak disengaja tidak memberitahu masyarakat pemad aman listrik bergilir ini dan sudah seharusnya pihak PLN memberikan teguran bagi para pekerjanya yang tidak menjalankan perintah sesuai SOP yang berlaku di perusahaan.
The Effect of Financial Knowledge, Financial Experience and Spiritual Intelligence on Investment Planning Behavior
Authors: Manafe Janri
Published: October 2021

This study aims to examine the effects of financial knowledge, financial experience and spiritual intelligence on investment planning behavior at Oebobo District, Kupang City, East Nusa Tenggara. The method used in this study is a qualitative method; meanwhile the data are collected through an online survey. In total, there were 105 employees participated in the survey. The participants are residents of the Oebobo sub-district, Kupang City, East Nusa Tenggara. Furthermore, multiple linear regressions are used in analyzing the data. The results of this study revealed that partially and simultaneously financial knowledge, financial experience and spiritual intelligence relates positively to investment.
Penyelesaian Sengketa Transaksi Bisnis Elektronik Commerce Melalui Internet
Authors: Junior Anak Agung Bagus Sempidi , Laksmi Dewi Anak Agung Sagung , Arini Desak Gde Dwi
Published: October 2021

Development of information technology through legal infrastructure and its regulation so that the use of Information Technology is carried out safely to prevent its misuse by taking into account the religious and socio-cultural values of the Indonesian people. . The research method uses normative legal research and problem approaches using statutory and conceptual approaches. The results of the study show that consumer legal protection in online Electronic Commerce business transactions is regulated through online sale and purchase agreements based on conventional formal and material terms accompanied by buying and selling transactions carried out electronically through computer media. Settlement of disputes in e-commerce business transactions via online, is carried out both non-litigation and litigation. The suggestion is to the Government, it is hoped that participation in solving problems is very important, if a case like this occurs between different countries, then the settlement of this problem must be determined which legal rules will be used to solve it. The purpose of this study is to determine legal protection for consumers in electronic commerce business transactions through online, and how to resolve disputes that occur in electronic commerce business transaction agreements through online
Tinjauan Yuridis Pertanggungjawaban Mutlak (Strict Liability) dalam Hukum Perlidungan Konsumen
Authors: Widnyana Putu Rido Widiya , Agung Anak Agung Istri , Astiti Ni Gusti Ketut Sri
Published: October 2021

Consumers become objects of business activities to gain large profits. Stiff, consumers' position towards producers is not balanced because consumers are weak, so consumers need to get legal protection. Business actors often respond to events that harm consumers by cornering consumers and looking for consumer weaknesses. The method used in this writing uses nonnative legal research, namely examining problems using a regular basis in statutory regulations and supported by scholars' opinions in the literature. It is essential to explore the principle of absolute liability(strict liability)in consumerprotectionlaw and the provisionsof business actors' strict liabilityto consumers'protectionlaw. As for the conclusion, there is the principle of absolute liability (strict liability) in consumer protection law, namely that business actors are obliged to compensatefor the loss of goods and servicesthat consumers have purchasedforlosses sufferedby consumers, and if the business actor does negligence and failure to consumers can be given sanctions as stipulated in Law No. 8 of 1999 concerning consumer protection
Kedudukan Suami Menurut Hukum Waris Bali dalam Perkawinan Nyeburin di Desa Adat Peliatan Ubud Gianyar
Authors: Yudha Putra Cokorda Gde , Suwitra I Made , Sudibya Gayatri
Published: October 2021

Balinese men are the successors of the lineage / continuation of the future of the family so that a family continues to have descendants and does not experience extinction. However, these hopes cannot come true if the married couple cannot give birth to a son or even have no children or offspring at all. The purpose of this study was to determine the law of Balinese inheritance in nyeburin marriages in the traditional village of Peliatan. The formulation of the problem in this study is what is the position of the husband in the Nyeburin marriage according to the Awig-Awig of the Peliatan Traditional Village and the factors that encourage the implementation of the Nyeburin marriage in the Peliatan Traditional Village. The type of research used is empirical using a sociological approach, statutory approach, conceptual, case and customary law approaches. The data sources obtained from this research are primary data from interviews and observations and secondary data from Awig-awig traditional villages, legislation and related research. The results of the research include the husband's position as predana in intermarriage according to the Awig-Awig of the Peliatan Traditional Village, if the marriage breaks either those who still live at their wife's house or who have returned to their original home (mulih deha / truna), no one has explicitly regulated in positive rule of law. The factors that encourage the implementation of the Nyeburin marriage in the Peliatan Traditional Village are due to the request of the woman's parents due to not having a son and only having a daughter, a factor that comes from the male side (as predana), namely because of mutual love between the two both sides.
Pertanggungjawaban Pidana terhadap Dokter yang Melakukan Malpraktck dalam Memberikan Pelayanan Kesehatan di Tengah Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Hidayat Aditya Ryan , Sugiartha I Nyoman Gede , Widyantara I Made Minggu
Published: October 2021

Malpractice is an act of wrongdoing and action; thus, medical malpractice is the act of a health worker who is wrong in carrying out the medical profession (Professional misconduct) both from the point of view of ethical norms or leg al norms. The formulation of the problems in this study are (I) What is the legal arrangement for doctors in providing health services in the midst of the Covid 19 pandemic What is the form of criminal responsibility for doctors who commit malpractice in providing health services in the midst of the Covid I 9 pandemic. This study uses the research method of normative Jaw. This study uses two problem approach methods, namely the statutory approach and the legal concept approach. This study also uses three sources of legal materials, namely primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The purpose of this study is to determine the legal arrangements that govern health services in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic. The main source of this research is the Criminal Code, Law Number 36 Year 2009 and Law Number 29 Year 2004. The results obtained from this study are criminal sanctions that can be imposed on doctors regarding malpractice in the middle. The Covid 19 pandemic is article 267 paragraph (I), 294 paragraph (2), 359, 361 KUHP, and article 190 of Law Number 36 of 2009 concerning Health, as well as article 79 of Law Number 29 of 2004 concerning Medical Practice. For the government to pay more attention to the health sector, especially regarding malpractice
Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Anak Sebagai Korban Eksploitasi Seksual Komersial di Media Sosial
Authors: Rizdyanti Putu Cyntia , Laksmi Dewi Agung Anak Sagung , Widyantara I Made Minggu
Published: October 2021

Indonesian citizens as a part of the elements of the world community who have a big responsibility to protect children's rights especially in human rights, which play a major role in maintaining children's welfare in social life. However, currently the exploitation of children is a problem that often occurs on social media, every child has the right to obtain a form of protection from all criminal acts of sexual exploitation. The government plays a role in protecting all forms of children's rights and providing education about the dangers of sexual exploitation on social media. This research uses the method of writing normative law which refers to the principles, norms, rules of statutory regulations, court decisions, agreements and doctrines of the technique of collecting of data carried out by the literature, legislation which is associated with the type of normative legal research by analyzing each books to select the appropriate topic of the research that is analyzed systematically and link it with other materials. The results of the research revealed that sexual exploitation of children on social media is mentioned as a violation of what is contained in dealing with the form of protection given to a child as a victim of commercial sexual exploitation on social media. The criminal offense for child exploitation is to pay one hundred million rupiahs with five years in prison.
Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Konsumen dalam Peredaran Barang yang Diproduksi Tidak Sesuai dengan Label
Authors: Purwanta I Nyoman Gallan Tri Prasuta , Mahendrawati Ni Luh Made , Ujianti Ni Made Puspasutari
Published: October 2021

In this era, the growth of the goods and services industry has had a positive impact. One of the positive impacts is providing sufficient quantity and higher quality demand, as well as there are a lot of alternative choices for consumers to meet their needs. On the other hand, there are also negative impacts, namely the use of technology and the impact of business behavior due to increased competition which has an impact on the consumer community. This study aims to determine whether business actors are responsible for consumer losses related to goods that are not produced in accordance with the label, and to find out what legal sanctions have been imposed on business actors for violations due to inappropriate labels and manufactured goods. This type of research is normative legal research. The results show that the responsibility of commercial actors is related to the mismatch between the label and the goods produced, namely compensation for damage, pollution, and consumption of goods or services. Then, legal sanctions can be imposed for violations of business actors, including imprisonment for a maximum of 5 (five) years or a maximum fine of Rp. 2 billion. Thus, it can be concluded that business actors can be held accountable for the incompatibility of labels with goods that have been produced, and if the violation is too detrimental to consumers, they can be prosecuted in accordance with applicable laws and regulations.
Sanksi Hukum Bagi Pasien Tidak Jujur Terinfeksi Corona Virus Disease 2019
Authors: Semara Putra Gede Dana , Budiartha I Nyoman Putu , Widyantara l Made Minggu
Published: October 2021

The Indonesian government issued Presidential Decree No. 11 of 2020 concerning Public Health Emergencies as a serious warning of the threat of Covid-19. The delivery of dishonest information from a patient suspected of being infected with Covid-19 is an action to prevent the response to an outbreak that threatens the lives of people around him, including transmission to health workers who care for him. This study was formulated to figure out the legal sanctions for Covid 19 patients who were dishonest about their health conditions, and to find out the efforts made by the government in providing protection to health workers in handling Covid-19 patients. The research method used in the implementation of this research is normative legal research with an approach to the concept of legislation and the opinions of experts regarding to the law. The results showed that the application of strict sanctions to obstruction of the epidemic prevention measures could result in criminal penalties based on Law No. 4 of 1984 concerning Outbreaks of Infectious Diseases. As for the efforts made by the government to provide protection to health workers from the threat of Covid-19, it is given both preventively and repressively. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that patients who are not honest about their health conditions who have been infected with Covid-19 can be given a criminal penalty because this action is assumed as the way to prevent the government in overcoming the epidemic of infectious diseases that are currently hitting the community, then the government has also provided protection for health workers who treat patients infected with Covid-19 in a preventive and repressive manner.
Implementasi Pasal 53 Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2001 tentang Minyak dan Gas Bumi Terkait Pelaku Usaha Pertamini di Kota Denpasar
Authors: Pradana Ferdy , Budiartha I Nyoman Putu , Arthanaya I Wayan
Published: October 2021

Petroleum as a strategic natural resource contained in the Indonesian mining jurisdiction is and has become a national asset that has been controlled by the State. This study aims to explain the legal sanctions for first business actors who trade oil and gas without having a business license to distribute oil and gas and describe the implementation process of the government's prohibition against first business actors in Denpasar. This research uses empirical legal research. The data collection technique was carried out through interviews. The data sources used are primary and secondary legal materials. The results of this study indicate that the regulation regarding legal sanctions for first-time business actors who do not have a license to distribute oil and natural gas has been regulated in Article 53 of Law Number 22 Year 2001 concerning oil and natural gas regarding processing, transportation, storage and commerce. However, with the complexity of business activities today, this regulation has not been able to reach and accommodate the current first developments. The application of the government's prohibition against first business actors in the city of Denpasar is still very contrary to the practice in the field. Only one owner only uses a micro and small business license (IUMK). Apart from that, the government has not been able to take action because there is no legal basis for controlling
Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Konsumen oleh Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) Terhadap Kegiatan Investasi Ilegal yang Dilakukan oleh Investor
Authors: Julia I Gusti Ayu Firga , Dewi Anak Agung Sagung Laksmi , Widyantara I Made Minggu
Published: October 2021

The rise of fraud cases and investment offers that are suspected to be illegal have resulted in losses for consumers and the public, so in this case legal protection is needed to minimize illegal investment cases. The purpose of this research is to analyze the role of the financial services authority in anticipating illegal investment activities carried out by investors and a legal protection for consumers by the financial services authorities against illegal investment activities carried out by investors. This research is a normative juridical research with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The technique of collecting legal materials used is the recording technique. The legal materials used are primary and secondary legal materials. After the data is collected then the data is analyzed systematically. The results of the research reveal that in the context of legal protection, the Financial Services Authority is given the authority by the State to take steps to prevent consumer and public losses. Efforts are made based on Article 28 of Law No. 21 of 2011 concerning the Financial Services Authority by conducting outreach and education to the public regarding the characteristics of fundraising activities and managing illegal investments and asking the Financial Services Institutions to stop their activities if these activities have the potential to harm the community. The handling carried out by the Financial Services Authority cannot be separated from the support of the public who have submitted reports or complaints.
Pertanggungjawaban Bank Terhadap Nasabah yang Menjadi Korban Kejahatan yang Dilakukan Oleh Oknum Internal Bank
Authors: Yudha I Putu Wiradharma Putra , Kosasih Johannes Ibrahim , Arini Desak Gde Dwi
Published: October 2021

Banks are the only financial institutions that are trusted by the people who play a role in the economy, so that in their activities there are elements of stakeholders who commit acts against the law in the banking world. This study aims to analyze crimes committed by internal bank employees and reveal legal liability to the bank if there are crimes committed by internal elements or bank employees. This study uses normative legal research with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The data used are primary and secondary data obtained through recording and documentation techniques, then the data processed and analyzed will be processed and analyzed using a systematic legal material processing method. The results of the study stated that in banking there are two types of violations, namely banking crimes and crimes in banking. In relation to crimes in the banking sector, Law no. 7/1992 as amended by Law No.10/1998 on banking. Accountability cannot be borne by the bank as a corporation, but this burden is imposed or carried out by way of the debtor to individuals who commit crimes in the banking sector.
Tinjauan Yuridis Terhadap Pelaku Tindak Pidana Pembunuhan Bayi (Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor 1123/Pid.Sus/2018/Pn Dps)
Authors: Rideng I Wayan , Parwati Desak Ketut , Karma Ni Made Sukaryati
Published: October 2021

Protection for babies has started since in the womb. In accordance with article 2 Burgerlijk Wetboek that a child who is still in his mother's womb is considered a legal subject as long as the interests of the child are desired. However, nowadays cases of infanticide often occur, so in this case legal protection is needed. The purpose of this research is to analyze the regulation of criminal sanctions for the perpetrators of the crime of infanticide and the judge's consideration of the perpetrators of the crime of infanticide. The type of research used in this paper is a normative law research type with a statutory and conceptual approach. The sources of legal materials used are primary and secondary legal materials. After the data is collected, then the data is analyzed systematically. The results of the research reveal that the setting of sanctions for perpetrators of the crime of infanticide is as regulated in Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection. The judge's considerations in making a decision against the perpetrators of the crime of infanticide which resulted in death, include; witness statements that have been submitted by the public prosecutor before the trial, based on the testimony of the defendant at the trial and based on the elements of the crime charged by the public prosecutor in the single indictment have been fulfilled.
Perlindungan Konsumen terhadap Tindakan Pemadaman Listrik yang Dilakukan Secara Sepihak oleh PT. PLN (Persero) UP3 Bali Selatan
Authors: Kusuma I Gede Dharma , Budiartha I Nyoman Putu , Widiati Lda Ayu Putu
Published: October 2021

Circumstances that make people complain about the services provided by PLN are power outages without prior notification. The number of public complaints related to power outages has forced PLN to be confused in fixing the organizational structure, especially in the coordination sector between workers. The purpose of this research is to reveal the legal protection arrangements for consumers of electricity users at PT. PLN (Persero) UP3 as well as legal remedies that can be taken by consumers using electricity in the event of a power outage unilaterally by PT. PLN Persero UP3 South Bali. This research method uses an empirical method with a statutory approach and a case approach. Data collection techniques were carried out by means of field research by applying the interview method. Sources of data used in the form of primary and secondary data sources. The data analysis technique was carried out systematically. The results of the research reveal that the government in terms of providing protection to the public to obtain electricity supply is sufficient to make consumer protection regulations in which there are consumer rights and obligations to obtain justice and are obliged to make appeals from the government in an effort to prevent criminal acts in accordance with positive law in force in Indonesia. The government is dealing with field workers from PLN who intentionally or unintentionally do not notify the public of this rotating power outage and PLN should give a warning to its workers who do not carry out orders according to the SOPs applicable in the company.
Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Korban dalam Tindak Pidana Eksploitasi Seksual Anak (Studi Kasus Putusan Nomor 535/Pid.Sus/2019/PN Dps)
Authors: Putra Ade Satriasa Maha , Budiartha I Nyoman Putu , Widyantara I Made Minggu
Published: October 2021

We must be aware of cases of crimes of sexual exploitation, especially in children, it is not enough if parents only but the government, society and the Indonesian Child Protection Commission must take a role in maintaining the continuity and protection of children. This new research aims to determine the legal protection of victims in criminal acts of sexual exploitation of children. This research type is normative research with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. Legal materials consist of primary and secondary, then analyzed systematically. The results showed that legal protection for children from victims of sexual exploitation was given to legal subjects that had preventive or repressive characteristics. Furthermore, legal safeguards are essential to provide justice, order, certainty, benefit. The criminal sanctions given to the perpetrators of a criminal offense, namely for imprisonment for 7 (seven) years, reduced while the defendant is in detention and the penalty will be subject to a fine of IDR. 100,000,000 (one hundred million rupiah).
Penerapan Asas Hakim Aktif (Dominus Litis) dalam Persidangan di Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara (Studi Kasus Putusan No.1/G/2017/PTUN.DPS.)
Authors: Weda Ni Komang Dewi Novita Indriyani , Arjaya I Made , Seputra I Putu Gede
Published: October 2021

In the judiciary the Judicial State Administration plays a more active role in the trial process in order to obtain material truth. The activist of the judge is intended to compensate for the unequal position of the parties, namely the Defendant is an entity or official of the State administration and the Plaintiff is an individual or civil legal entity. In this research there are two main problems, namely (1) how is the Procedure for Making a Gathering in the State Administrative Court? (2) How is the application of the principle of active judge (dominus litis) in the stage of proof at the trial? The research method used is normative legal research with a legal approach.
Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Hak Waris Anak yang Lahir dari Perkawinan Tidak Dicatatkan
Authors: Lestari Ni Luh Putu Ayu , Mahendrawati Ni Luh Made , Sukadana I Ketut
Published: October 2021

The validity of a marriage if carried out according to the laws of religion and their respective beliefs and recorded in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations, so as to obtain a deed as proof of a marriage. However, in many societies that do not register their marriages, the consequences will have an impact on children born; therefore there is a need for legal protection. The formulation of the problem in this study (1) how is the position of children born of marriage not recorded? (2) How is the legal protection of the inheritance rights of children born of marriage not recorded? This study aims to determine (1) the position of children born of marriage not listed, (2) legal protection of inheritance rights of children born to marriages not recorded. The method used is a type of normative legal research with a legal approach and a conceptual approach. Conclusions from the results of the study are the position of children born from unregistered marriages that are legal if they have fulfilled the requirements of their respective religions and beliefs, but the marriage does not have legal force and children born do not receive legal protection regarding their inheritance rights. The extramarital child will inherit if there is authentic evidence in the form of a birth certificate as legitimate written evidence.