bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phylogenomic analysis of glutamine synthetase gene family in Helianthus annuus L.
Authors: Singh Vrinda , Kumar Vivek , Razaq Mohd , Jain Pooja , Teotia Deepti , Agrawal Aman , Bhardwaj Mukesh Kumar , Sharma Hemant , Malik Pranita , Kumar Sachin , Malik Vijai
Published: October 2024

Glutamine synthetase is one of the predominant enzymes in nitrogen metabolism. In developing leaves, glutamine is mainly produced in chloroplasts by the activity of the GS2 isoenzyme. It catalyzes glutamine synthesis from glutamate and ammonia in an ATP-dependent reaction. The genes encoding glutamine synthetase play a crucial role in ammonia and glutamate detoxification, acid-base homeostasis, cell signaling, and cell proliferation. The gene family responsible for producing glutamine synthetase has been previously documented in model plants like Arabidopsis. Nevertheless, there has been no exploration into its existence and attributes in oilseed crops like sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). This study thoroughly analyzes, gene structure, conserved motifs, chromosomal location, phylogenetic relationships, and expression patterns to identify the glutamine synthetase genes in H. annuus. Our findings unveiled 19 genes encoding glutamine synthetase within the H. annuus genome. These genes were distributed across 11 chromosomes of H. annuus. Furthermore, we examined the expression patterns of all the HaGS genes using RNA-seq datasets, specifically focusing on their response to biotic and abiotic stress conditions. Under biotic stress, H. annuus expresses genes for mycorrhizal fungi named Rhizoglomus irregulare at four days post inflorescence (dpi) and 16 dpi. Under abiotic stress, the effect of drought and hormones was investigated. In drought, one gene, HaGS6D, showed the highest expression in the leaf. Meanwhile, in roots, gene HaGS7B showed the highest expression. Under hormonal stress, the effects of auxin, brassinosteroid, and cytokinin were studied on the leaf. For auxin, the gene HaGS7C showed the highest expression. For brassinosteroid, the gene HaGS7D showed the highest expression; for cytokinin, the gene HaGS6E showed the highest expression. Thus, these findings can significantly contribute to our understanding of the arrangement of glutamine synthetase genes in H. annuus and offer valuable insights for developing of drought-resistant cultivars of this species.
The protective effect of angiotensin II type I receptor blocker (valsartan) on behavioral impairment, NLRP3, BDNF, and oxidative stress in the brain tissue of ovariectomized female rats
Authors: Erdem Salih , Özaçmak Hale Sayan , Turan İnci , Ergenç Meryem
Published: October 2024

Depression and anxiety are common mental health disorders affecting thoughts, behaviors, and emotions. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the angiotensin II type I receptor blocker (AT1RB), valsartan, on menopause‐induced depression and anxiety‐like behaviors, and to elucidate possible mechanisms of action by measuring levels of nod‐like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), interleukin‐1beta (IL‐1β), brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and oxidative stress in brain tissue. Thirty‐two Wistar albino female rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 8 per group): Control, AT1RB, OVX, and AT1RB + OVX. Following the bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) protocol, physiological saline was used as valsartan solvent, in a maximum volume of 0.4 mL, and valsartan was administered via intragastric gavage at a dose of 40 mg/kg/day. Depression and anxiety‐like behaviors were assessed using the forced swimming test and open field test. Levels of oxidative stress markers, NLRP3, IL‐1β, BDNF, and CREB were analyzed in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex tissues. Behavioral tests indicated that depression and anxiety‐like behaviors significantly increased in OVX rats (p < 0.01), while AT1RB treatment significantly reduced these behaviors (p < 0.05). In the hippocampus of OVX rats, oxidative stress (p < 0.01), NLRP3 (p < 0.05), and IL‐1β (p < 0.01) levels were elevated, whereas BDNF levels were significantly decreased (p < 0.01). AT1RB treatment significantly improved oxidative stress parameters (p < 0.05) and BDNF levels (p < 0.01) but did not significantly affect the increased levels of NLRP3 and IL‐1β in OVX rats. In conclusion, AT1RB has a therapeutic effect on menopause‐induced depression and anxiety‐like behaviors, likely by reducing oxidative stress and increasing BDNF production in the hippocampus.
The Law of Finding Lost Movable Property in England, Germany and Scotland
Authors: Lusznat Leonard
Published: October 2024

The law of finding lost movable property is not only a practically significant but also doctrinally fascinating topic, which has, however, only rarely been treated comparatively. Therefore, the article analyses to what extent a common core exists between a civil law (Germany), mixed (Scotland) and common law (England) legal system and whether the three jurisdictions achieve the purposes of the law of finding. In light of the scarcity of legal literature, the article is the first detailed treatment of the subject in Scots law. It does not only demonstrate that the common core between all three jurisdictions is remarkably small but also that German and Scots law are notably similar, while English law generally takes the opposite legal approach, indicating that Scots law is more related to civil than common law in this field. Moreover, in contrast to both Germany and Scotland, England does, because of the disadvantageous legal position of the finder, not accomplish the purposes of the law of finding; that is, neither (primarily) restoring possession of lost property to its owner nor (secondarily) freeing the finder from the burden of safekeeping found property for the owner. Consequently, legislative reform of English law is indicated.
Performance evaluation of fly ash-lime-gypsum-quarry dust (FALGQ) bricks for sustainable construction
Authors: Sankar Pramod , Ravi Kumar Muthuswamy Saraswathi
Published: October 2024

The aim of this study is to optimize fly ash utilization by combining lime, gypsum, and quarry dust in various proportions to develop fly ash lime gypsum quarry dust (FLGQ) bricks with dimensions of 230 mm × 110 mm × 70 mm, as a potential alternative to traditional bricks. The investigation analysed the compressive strength, split tensile strength, water absorption, density, and initial rate of absorption of FLGQ bricks across different mixes. Mix 9 (M9), comprising of 35% fly ash, 10% lime, 25% gypsum, and 30% quarry dust, exhibited a 15% higher compressive strength (7.2 MPa) and 12% higher split tensile strength (0.85 MPa) compared to the superior conventional brick. Water absorption for M9 was reduced by 18%, enhancing the durability. Prediction models for compressive and split tensile strengths were developed using regression analysis, achieving over 92% accuracy when compared to experimental data at 28 and 56 days. Additionally, a positive correlation was observed between the 14th, 28th, and 56th days results, reinforcing the reliability of predictions in brick compressive strength. These research findings indicate that M9 is superior and more sustainable alternative to traditional bricks, with significant improvements in key performance metrics.
Trauerversorgung in Deutschland. Expert/-inneninterviews zu historischen und aktuellen Entwicklungen
Authors: Müller Heidi , Berthold Daniel , Kohlhaas Anna-Marie , Wleklinski Oliver , Zwingmann Christian
Published: October 2024

Es liegen kaum systematisierte Erkenntnisse über die Anfänge und die historische Entwicklung der Trauerversorgung in Deutschland vor. Ziel dieser Studie ist es, mehr über die historische Entwicklung der Trauerversorgung in Deutschland zu erfahren und Verbindungen zwischen Historie und aktueller Versorgungssituation aufzuzeigen, um so die Zukunft besser gestalten zu können.

An dieser explorativen Studie nahmen elf Expert/-innen aus dem Feld der Trauerversorgung teil. Die Befragung erfolgte anhand teilstrukturierter Interviews. Die Antworten wurden in einem deduktiv-induktiven Prozess inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet.

Die Auswertung zeigt, dass der Aufbau der Trauerversorgung in Deutschland nicht systematisch, sondern getragen durch Einzelinitiativen aus dem kirchlichen und hospizlichen Bereich, der Palliativmedizin sowie der AIDS-Bewegung erfolgte. Bereits vorliegende wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse vor allem aus dem angloamerikanischen Bereich fanden dabei wenig Beachtung. Heute besteht eine grundsätzliche Offenheit in der Gesellschaft, über das Thema Trauer zu sprechen. Die Versorgung befindet sich derzeit in einem Prozess der Professionalisierung.

Das Feld der Trauerversorgung in Deutschland weist große Heterogenität, fehlende Steuerungsstrukturen, Mängel im Qualitätsmanagement sowie offene Fragen hinsichtlich einer bedarfsgerechten Versorgung auf. Der aktuelle Zustand ist wenigstens teilweise durch die Anfänge und historische Entwicklung der Trauerversorgung erklärbar. Es werden Schlussfolgerungen und Vorschläge für die zukünftige Entwicklung skizziert.
ANTIMICROBIAL, ANTIBIOFILM, ANTI-QUORUM SENSING AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF SOME EDIBLE ASTERACEAE MEMBERS
Authors: Ceylan Özgür , Uğur Aysel , Saraç Nurdan , Eroğlu Arslan Büşra
Published: October 2024

In this study, antimicrobial, antioxidant and anti-quorum sensing activities of S. oleraceus, T. scaturiginosum, T. bithynicum and L. tuberosus were investigated. T. scaturiginosum and T. bithynicum were effective in terms of antimicrobial activity. The highest antibiofilm inhibition was shown by 33.30% aqueous extract of S. oleraceus on P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853. While S. oleraceus aqueous extract showed 35.32% violacein inhibition, T. bithynicum had a zone diameter of 13 mm for quorum sensing inhibition. L. tuberosus ethanol extract was found remarkable with its 52.5% anti-swarming activity. The most effective plant in terms of antioxidant activity was determined as L. tuberosus. This value is IC50 4.36 mg/mL for DPPH and 67.64% for FTC activity. It has been shown that these edible plants may be suitable candidates for reducing microorganismal resistance and using them in the treatment of diseases.
Benefits of reducing duration of endoscopic duodenal-jejunal bypass liner implantation to nine months in treatment of diabesity
Authors: Ryder Robert E J , Yadagiri Mahi , Day Caroline , Burbridge Wyn , Irwin Susan P , Gandhi Hardeep , Bashir Tahira , Allden Rachael A , Wyres Melanie , Cull Melissa , Bleasdale John P , Fogden Edward N , Anderson Mark R , Sen Gupta Piya
Published: October 2024

Aims: To assess the safety and efficacy of duodenal-jejunal bypass liner (DJBL) implantation for 9 months or 12 months in patients with obesity and sub-optomally controlled type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
Methods: Over 4.25 years DJBLs were implanted in 90 adult patients with obesity and sub-optimally controlled T2DM at a single centre in England. The liners remained in situ for up to 12 months and outcomes were monitored in a registry.
Results: Of the 90 patients (BMI 41.5±7.1kg/m2, HbA1c 79.3±20 mmol/mol), 53% were insulin-treated. During DJBL treatment, there was no difference between the mean±SD fall in HbA1c at 9 months (20.5±18.8mmol/mol) vs. 12 months (20.5±19.4mmol/mol) (p=0.95). The mean±SD weight loss at
9 months (13.8±7.7kg) was 1.6±3.6kg less than that at 12 months (15.4±8.4kg) (p<0.001). By 12 months, 15.6% of patients had had early DJBL removal due to serious adverse events (SAEs), from which they all recovered. Of these SAEs, 43% would have been avoided by DJBL removal at 9 months. Conclusion: DJBL is effective in people with intractable diabesity. To reduce the incidence of SAEs, our data support reducing the recommended/conventional implantation period for DJBL from 12 months to 9 months.
MCM9 compound heterozygosity in an adolescent with premature ovarian insufficiency
Authors: Nauwynck Elise , De Vos Michel , Gheldof Alexander , Dequeker Bart JH , Van Der Kelen Annelore , Hes Frederik , Verheyden Stephanie , Vanbesien Jesse , Gies Inge , De Schepper Jean , Staels Willem
Published: October 2024

Delayed puberty in girls is often related to late maturation but is occasionally the first sign of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). POI is a condition that affects ovarian function and fertility, and its etiology is unknown in most cases. Genetic factors have recently been identified in 20–25% of women with POI, involving genes that regulate various aspects of ovarian development and maintenance. We report a case of delayed puberty due to POI in an adolescent from a non-consanguineous family who carried two variants in the MCM9 gene. MCM9 is essential for DNA replication and repair, and its dysfunction can lead to chromosomal instability and ovarian failure. Our case highlights the importance of targeted gene panel analysis, particularly in POI patients with negative autoimmunity screening, and evidence of ovarian or uterine dysgenesis on pelvic imaging.

Learning points

Delayed puberty in girls is often self-limiting, but it can also indicate underlying conditions with lifelong implications, such as premature ovarian insufficiency (POI).

Patients with POI, negative autoimmune screening, a normal karyotype, and no FMR premutation should undergo further genetic testing, preferably through targeted gene panels.

Compound heterozygous variants in MCM9 can cause POI, presenting with delayed puberty and primary amenorrhea in girls without a consanguineous family.
Cieszyn i Český Těšín. Oblicza dwujęzyczności po polskiej i czeskiej stronie granicy
Authors: Bogoczová Irena
Published: October 2024

Af ter a concise introduction to the topic (the division of Cieszyn Silesia in 1920, traditional multi-ethnicity and multilingualism of the region, Czech language policy, Polish minority institutions and clubs in the Czech part of the Zaolzie region), the author devotes her attention to the specifics of current linguistic communication in public places. She is particularly interested in the quality of both languages (based on written and spoken communication, of ficial and unof ficial language), who and why is the recipient of the Polish language on the Czech banks of the border river Olza, for whom and for what purpose the Czech language is intended in the Polish part of the formerly homogenous city. The presented linguistic material is authentic; the author analyses it in terms of the linguistic means used (lexical borrowings from foreign, non-Slavic languages and their declension, the creation and use of diminutives, the knowledge of interlingual homonymy) and also graphical means (the shape of letters, the spelling rules), as well as the pragmatics or cultural context of the texts. The article attempts to answer the following questions: how bilingualism is ref lected in the overall appearance of both cities and how it dif fers on the Polish and Czech sides.
Support-verb constructions with carere ‘to be free (from)’ in the LatinISE corpus: The caritive in Latin
Authors: Fendel Victoria Beatrix
Published: October 2024

Support-verb constructions are combinations of a verb and a noun that fill the predicate slot of a sentence, as to make a suggestion in he made the suggestion that she join us. The article investigates whether carere ‘to be free from’ (+ ablative), unlike egere and indigere, in support-verb constructions, such as dolore careo ‘to be free from pain’, moves from lexical-phraseological to grammatical-analytical between the classical and post-classical periods, based on (i) the contiguity of components, (ii) the degree of component compatibility, and (iii) the spread across authors. The article argues that the classical verb of realisation becomes a support verb in post-classical times. The classical verb of realisation qualifies as a Caritive functioning as a low-scope scalar focus negative; the post-classical support verb seems to be semantically broader. Carere ‘to be free from’ never becomes an auxiliary verb but hovers at the syntax-lexicon interface throughout.
Coralyne Targets the Catalytic Domain of MMP9: An In Silico and In Vitro Investigation
Authors: Vempati Rahul Kumar , Malla Rama Rao
Published: October 2024

Coralyne (COR) is a protoberberine-like isoquinoline alkaloid, and it is known for double-stranded (ds) DNA intercalation and topoisomerase inhibition. It can also sensitize cancer cells through various mechanisms. COR reduces the proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells by inhibiting the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9). However, the mechanism involved in the inhibitory activity of COR on MMP9 is not known. In the present study, in silico docking studies showed that COR binds to the active site of MMP9 catalytic domain (MMP9-CD) with considerable affinity. The binding affinity of COR to the MMP9-CD, estimated by three different web servers: CB Dock, Seam Dock, and PyRx, was found to be either -7.4 or -7.5 kcal/mol. Another web server that is routinely used for docking studies, Docking Server, has predicted a binding affinity of -5.9 kcal/mol. All four docking servers predicted the same binding site for COR within the MMP9-CD. Corroborating our docking results, molecular dynamic simulation studies have also shown that COR interacts with the same key active site amino acid residues of the MMP9-CD that are essential for its proteolytic function. Molecular mechanics with generalized born and surface area (MMGBSA) calculations using Schrodinger's prime module have shown that the binding free energy with which COR binds to MMP9 is -50 kcal/mol. It inhibited activity of recombinant human MMP9 activity and induced significant cytotoxicity and reduced the proliferation of MDA-MB 468 cells. Overall, our in silico and in vitro experiments show that COR potentially inhibits the activity of MMP9 by directly binding to the active site of its catalytic domain and possibly inhibits proliferation of MDA-MB 468 cells.
ADVANCED ULTRA-SUPERCRITICAL BOILER TECHNOLOGY IN THERMAL POWER PLANTS: INNOVATIONS IN MATERIALS, DESIGN, AND OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY
Authors: Shetty Rakshith Kumar , Hebbale Ajit M.
Published: October 2024

Advanced ultra-supercritical (AUSC) boiler technology represents a major breakthrough in power generation since it offers lower emissions and better thermal efficiency than traditional subcritical and supercritical systems. The most recent advancements in materials, designs, and operating techniques that are propelling the development of AUSC boilers are closely examined in this review article. Because they can tolerate the high temperatures and pressures involved in AUSC operation, advanced materials like thermal barrier coatings and nickel-based superalloys are highlighted as having the potential to increase durability and lower maintenance costs. Studies of global AUSC boiler
implementations underscore the practical applications of these advancements and offer insights into best practices and lessons learned. The development of next-generation materials and the use of carbon capture technologies are just two examples of the trends and directions that the article examines for future research. By identifying upcoming challenges and synthesizing current knowledge, this review aims to provide a comprehensive resource to optimize AUSC boiler technology for a more efficient and sustainable energy future.
New Cubipod armoured breakwater in Hanstholm, Denmark: design and construction
Authors: Lauridsen Henning , Gierlevsen Thomas , Ostersen Jonas , Jensen Ole Juul , Molguero Antonio Corredor
Published: October 2024

The Port of Hanstholm, located on the exposed North Sea coast of Denmark was expanded during the years 2017–2020. The port expansion features a new large western breakwater in 9–13.5 m water depth with 15 t to 32.5 t Cubipods as its main protective armour. The breakwater head towards the harbour entrance is established by a large prefabricated concrete caisson (40 × 22 × 18 m). The breakwater was extensively tested in the 3D wave basin at Aalborg University, which revealed some remarkably benefits of Cubipods over other concrete armour units. Detailed design of the breakwater, the largest ever built in Denmark, was carried out by COWI A/S for the marine contractor Per Aarsleff A/S, who won the port expansion design–build contract. This paper presents the design consideration for the new western breakwater, including considerations of different breakwater concepts and details on why Cubipods in one layer was eventually chosen as the preferred armour for the breakwater. In addition, the paper describes the laboratory testing of the breakwater and its performance under severe wave conditions. The paper also touches on some of theinnovative methods which were developed by the contractor to keep a high armour layer production rate under challenging wave conditions.
ESTRATÉGIAS DE GESTÃO DE RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS URBANOS: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Azevedo Marcela Evelyn Paiva de , Lebre Alexandre Pilad , Júnior Fernando Richard Lima Perez , Ataíde Tatiane Pessoa de , Silva Cristiano da , Meira Dulce Mara , Nagalli André
Published: October 2024

A preocupação global com a gestão sustentável de resíduos está crescendo devido aos impactos ambientais adversos e às regulamentações cada vez mais rigorosas. No entanto, muitas estratégias atuais de gestão de resíduos focam apenas em aspectos específicos como tratamento, conformidade legal ou eficiência operacional, deixando lacunas significativas no processo geral. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura para compreender as diferentes estratégias de gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos urbanos disponíveis em termos de impacto ambiental, econômico e social, e como a eficiência dessas estratégias pode ser avaliada e aprimorada para promover práticas mais sustentáveis nas áreas urbanas.  A revisão incluiu estudos recentes e artigos relevantes publicados entre 2020 e 2024, com foco em pesquisas no Brasil e internacionalmente indexadas na Web of Science. Os resultados destacam a aplicação diversificada de metodologias e tecnologias, especialmente modelos de Rede Neural Artificial para previsão de resíduos, técnicas multicritério e análises estatísticas para a otimização de sistemas de gerenciamento, todos mostrando potencial. A literatura ressalta a importância de adaptar as estratégias de gerenciamento de resíduos às especificidades regionais. A implementação de estratégias sustentáveis é crucial para enfrentar os desafios ambientais e sociais decorrentes da geração e disposição de resíduos sólidos urbanos, fomentando um futuro mais sustentável e resistente.
Reaching the Voters: Parties’ Use of Google Ads in the 2021 German Federal Election
Authors: Fitzpatrick Jasmin , Von Nostitz Felix-Christopher
Published: October 2024

Election campaigns during the pandemic showcased the increased use of costly digital campaigning by parties. While many studies focus on the use of Facebook, X (formerly Twitter), and other social networking sites during elections, parties’ use of Google Ads remains widely unstudied. This is surprising given that parties spend a substantial proportion of their budget on Google Ads and Google reports on this spending and other details of the ads in its Transparency Report. Based on the equalisation vs. normalisation thesis, we identify party factors (size, age, government/opposition status, and electoral strongholds) that affect parties’ use of this instrument to a different degree in their campaigns. We aim to highlight parties’ use of Google Ads during the campaigns for the 2021 German Bundestag election, relying on the official data provided via Google’s Ad Library. We discuss both empirical work on the factors that determine the use of Google Ads and conceptual work on the merit and perils of such ads in democratic elections, and we present descriptive and exploratory findings of our deep dive into the archive of Google Ads.
More Than Meets the Eye: Understanding Political Microtargeting Processing With Gaze-Cued Retrospective Think-Aloud Methodology
Authors: Noetzel Selina , Binder Alice , Matthes Jörg
Published: October 2024

Political microtargeting is a popular campaign tool in elections worldwide. However, it is associated with democratic risks. Foremost, scholars and policymakers are concerned that citizens cannot cope with political microtargeting and, thus, stand vulnerable to persuasion. To assess this risk, an in-depth understanding of how citizens make sense of and cope with political microtargeting is required. However, empirical studies are scarce, partially inconclusive, and provide global rather than nuanced insights. This study contributes to this research by employing an innovative, qualitative gaze-cued retrospective think-aloud design to distinguish coping patterns and, based on that, assess citizens’ vulnerability to persuasion via political microtargeting (N = 25). The results reveal similarities regarding conceptual persuasion knowledge activation (i.e., advertising and targeting awareness) but differences in attitudinal and behavioral coping, illustrated along five coping patterns (avoidance, coherence assessment, ad quality assessment, partisanship bias, and neutral observation). Only individuals who cope by neutrally observing the political message seem vulnerable to political microtargeting. For individuals who cope with political messages based on their partisanship, political microtargeting might strengthen existing ties but backlash when employed by a non-preferred party. This study informs educators and policymakers about citizens’ coping mechanisms with political microtargeting and their potential vulnerability, which may guide intervention and regulation decisions.
Comparative Analysis of Deep Learning Algorithms in Fire Detection
Authors: Göçmen Remzi , Çıbuk Musa , Akin Erdal
Published: October 2024

As technology advances rapidly, deep learning applications, a subset of machine learning, are becoming increasingly relevant in various aspects of our lives. Essential daily applications like license plate recognition and optical character recognition are now commonplace. Alongside current technological progress, the development of future-integrated technologies such as suspicious situation detection from security cameras and autonomous vehicles is also accelerating. The success and accuracy of these technologies have reached impressive levels. This study focuses on the early and accurate detection of forest fires before they cause severe damage. Using primarily forest fire images from datasets obtained from Kaggle, various deep learning algorithms were trained via transfer learning using MATLAB. This approach allowed for comparing different deep learning algorithms based on their efficiency and accuracy in detecting forest fires. High success rates, generally exceeding 90%, were achieved.
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF POLYFUNCTIONAL MODIFIER ON THE WATER RESISTANCE OF COMPOSITE GYPSUM BINDER
Authors:   Odesa Military Academy, Odesa, Ukraine, Linnik D. , Kushnareva G. ,   Odesa Military Academy, Odesa, Ukraine, Rabocha T. ,   Odesa Military Academy, Odesa, Ukraine, Frolov O. ,   Odesa Military Academy, Odesa, Ukraine
Published: October 2024

The article highlights the issue of increasing the water resistance of a composite gypsum binder based on the analysis of a full-scale experiment. To solve the problem, a 24-point plan in the form of "triangles on a cube" of the experimental and statistical model of the effect of additives of various types and purposes on the properties of a composite gypsum binder, taking into account the interactions between them, calculated in the COMPEX program, was used. A universal method of increasing the water resistance of gypsum materials is to reduce their porosity. For this purpose, small amounts of polymeric or plasticizing additives are introduced into the gypsum binder to increase their density. A way to increase water resistance is to add up to 10-40% of mineral components, which, due to their binding properties, harden into a water-resistant stone-like material. At the first stage of the experiment, we analyzed the change in water resistance by the value of the softening coefficient Kr under the influence of micro-puzzolan additives, a micro-reinforcing modifier additive, and Sika superplasticizer. The range of variation of all additives was established by the experiment plan. The next stage of the study analyzed the possibility of further improving water resistance by using bulk and surface water repellents. To evaluate the effect of hydrophobic primers on the surface properties of gypsum binder samples, the marginal wetting angle is measured using the sitting drop method. It is shown that the complex modification of the composite gypsum binder with micro-reinforcing, polymineral micro-puzzolanic filler additives and Sika superplasticizer in optimal proportions makes it possible to obtain a composite gypsum binder with a softening coefficient of 0.9. Volumetric hydrophobization provides an additional increase in compressive strength and water resistance.
Study of antidiabetic activity of Aegle marmelos in streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic Wistar rats in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Chandra Shruti , Prajapat Rajeev , Bhosle Deepak , Jaybhaye Deepali
Published: October 2024

Background: Diabetes has become a major metabolic disorder disease that is increasingly becoming a killer disease worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate (bael tree) Aegle marmelos whole plant extract has the potential efficiency to control hyperglycemia, that affects kidney and lipid profile, in streptozotocin induced rats. This study aimed to evaluate the Antidiabetic activity of, Aegle marmelos in streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemic Wistar rats.
Methods: Wistar rats of either sex were used grouped into six groups of six rats each. The first group was used as control, the second group was induced diabetes by inducting streptozotocin 70 mg/kg i.p., The 3rd,4th, 5th and 6th group was induced diabetes and treated with Metformin 600 mg/kg, A. marmelos methanol whole plant extract in the increasing dosage of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg body weight from the 7th to 28th day respectively. The blood samples were collected at day 0,7 and 28th day for estimation of fasting blood sugar, serum cholesterol, triglycerides and creatinine. Results was presented as the mean standard deviation (SD). A one-way analysis variance was performed using SPSS-17 and Graphpad Prism 5 statistical software.
Results: After administration of Aegle marmelos extract in increasing level, fasting glucose level was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced. Also, there is significant reduction in serum cholesterol level, triglyceride level and creatinine level. The effect was more after 28 days of treatment.
Conclusions: The study results indicate the active compounds in the Aegle marmelos whole plant methanol extract has antidiabetic and antilipidemic activity. It can also protect kidney to some extent.
Study of prescribing pattern of drugs in the management of migraine with psychiatric comorbidities at integral institute of medical science and research
Authors: Mustapha Abubakar , Khan Kamran , Yusuf Mantasha , Abbas Amir , Sada Mudassir , Badruddeen  , Ajmal M. Yasir , Farooaqui Azhar Mahmood
Published: October 2024

Background: Migraine headaches, a prevalent and serious brain condition, often coincide with mental health issues. This study aims to explore drug prescribing patterns for migraine patients with psychiatric comorbidities.
Methods: Over six months, a prospective observational study was conducted at the psychiatric department of IIMS&R Hospital. 100 prescriptions were analyzed based on specific criteria.
Results: Total 14 different drugs were prescribed. NSAIDs were most common (87%), followed by multivitamins (50%), benzodiazepines (30%), and tricyclic antidepressants (23%).Naxdom (NSAIDs) was frequently used (87%). Patients aged 31-45 years had higher prevalence. Comorbidities associated are depression (18%), anxiety disorder (10%), insomnia (5%).
Conclusions: The study highlights various orally administered drugs, including anti-migraine meds, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and more. Patients within the 31-45years age group were significantly affected. Migraine correlated with depression, anxiety, and insomnia. The most common medication was naxdom 250mg taken orally.
Analysis of antidiabetic drug utilization patterns in type 2 diabetes patients: a perspective on real-time prescribing practices
Authors: Surajo Bashir , Khan Ziyaurrahman , Shadab M. , Khan Naureen , Sada Mudassir , Ahmad Mohammad , Akhter M. Sohel , Parveen Ayasa
Published: October 2024

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a most common health problem associated with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, evaluation of drug utilization pattern is very crucial and significant in order to promote the rational use of drugs in treatment of diabetes, and offer insights in to the actual patterns of drug use. The objective is to evaluate drug utilization pattern of antidiabetic drugs among type 2 diabetic patients at Integral Institute of Medical Science & Research.
Methods: This is a prospective observational study involving 100 subjects conducted for a period of 6 months after approval by Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC) of Integral University at IIMS and R Hospital. Informed consent was obtained from all the participants. Data gathered was examined using descriptive statistics and compared to the standard guidelines. Drug utilization pattern was studied and evaluated to analyse the pattern of drug therapy among type 2 diabetics.
Results: Antidiabetic drugs were given 198 times among the 100 participants, averaging 2 antidiabetic drugs per prescription, Insulin therapy (58.58%) and Metformin (20.20%) were the most prescribed medications, combination therapy was common, with 66% of patients particularly with Glimepiride (DPP4 Inhibitor) at 10.61%. Most prescriptions were given by generic name (55%) and 90% of the drugs prescribed were from the WHO essential medicines. Most patients were aged 51-60 years, with a nearly equal gender distribution.
Conclusion: The study highlights the prescribing patterns and characteristic use of antidiabetic medications. These findings provide valuable insights into the current prescribing practices in type-2 DM treatment and can contribute to optimizing treatment strategies for better patient outcomes.
An analysis of drug approvals in India over past 5 years
Authors: Shaikh Aarmin I. , Acharya Chetankumar R. , Shah Akash M. , Moradiya Manan G. , Patel Jay R. , Patel Aayushi H. , Bhanderi Mehul V.
Published: October 2024

Background: Drug development is a tedious process and takes a long time for approval by regulatory authorities. With time, Indian authorities have revised rules and regulations for conducting clinical trials as well as for the marketing of drugs, impacting the number of drugs being approved.
Method: The information about drug approvals from 2019–2023 was obtained from the CDSCO website. The single drug products were classified into 14 main anatomical therapeutic chemical (ATC) groups, while Fixed Dose Combinations (FDCs) were classified based on the system they act upon.  Descriptive statistical analysis was done. The findings of our observational study were expressed as absolute numbers and percentages.
Results: Total 362 drugs were approved. Out of these, 135 were single drug products, and the rest were FDCs. The highest & lowest number of drugs were approved in the year 2022 and 2019 respectively. Maximum single drug product approvals were seen in Category L-antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents, while maximum FDC approvals were for drugs acting on the endocrine system.
Conclusion: There is a rising trend of approval for FDCs. The pattern of single drug products approval flattened over the years, coinciding with the implementation of new rules and regulations.
Histopathological features of prostatic carcinoma in a Southwest tertiary institution in Nigeria
Authors: Ayo-Aderibigbe Olabisi , Sabageh Donatus , Odujoko Oluwole Olaniyi , Adekunle Adebayo Ayoade
Published: October 2024

Background: The diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma is often straightforward, in some cases there may be benign lesions that mimic prostatic cancer histologically. This study aimed to describe the morphological features of prostatic carcinoma from laboratory specimens.
Methods: This was a retrospective study using histologically diagnosed cases of prostatic carcinoma from prostatectomy and trucut biopsy specimens. The histological sub-typing of the tumors according to WHO classification scheme of 2003 was done. The tumors were graded and scored using Gleason’s scoring scheme revised and modified at the consensus conference of the international society of urological pathology (ISUP), in 2005.
Results: Prostate cancer constituted 18.7% of all malignant tumors and 4.4% of all neoplastic diseases. The majority of cases were small acinar adenocarcinoma 275 (73.7%). Others include pseudo-hyperplastic variant 47 (12.6%), atrophic variant 35 (9.3%), foamy gland carcinoma 16 (4.2%) and signet ring/colloid carcinoma 1(0.2%). More than half were classified as well-differentiated Gleason prognostic group A tumors. There was a statistically significant association between the age of the patient and the Gleason histologic grade and the histologic grade and histologic variant p<0.05.
Conclusions: Prostatic carcinoma was thought to be a malignancy associated with elderly men but people of younger age less than fifty years are now diagnosed with the malignancy. Accurate diagnosis with the right grade and scores will go a long way in the management of the malignancy.
Exploring the Application of ISSM and TTF Theories: A Literature Review
Authors: Jebril Hend Ali Musbah , Mohamad Ummul Hanan , Ahmad Mohammad Nazir
Published: October 2024

The Information System Success Model (ISSM) and Task-Technology Fit (TTF) theories provide valuable frameworks for assessing how effectively technology supports tasks within a system. These models are widely recognized and have been applied separately in numerous studies. However, there has been limited effort in the existing literature to integrate ISSM and TTF into a cohesive framework. This study aims to (1) review the relevant literature applying ISSM and TTF in higher education settings, (2) determine which model is more frequently utilized, and (3) evaluate studies that have integrated both models, with a particular focus on digital libraries. The results indicate that most research has centered on theory development or practical real-world applications, especially in public universities. The integration of ISSM and TTF in digital library contexts remains relatively rare despite their potential to complement one another. ISSM assesses system success through dimensions like service quality, user satisfaction, and net benefits, while TTF focuses on how well the technology fits the tasks it is intended to support, making it highly relevant for evaluating digital services. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of how ISSM and TTF are applied, offering valuable insights for future research. It highlights the untapped potential of combining these models to enhance technology adoption, user satisfaction, and overall system performance in digital libraries and other educational settings. By identifying research gaps, this paper lays the groundwork for further exploration and refinement of these theoretical frameworks to improve technology implementation in education.
O papel das bibliotecas como âncoras informacionais para mulheres trans:
Authors: Oliveira Lidiane Cristina Andrade de , Moreira Luciana de Albuquerque
Published: October 2024

Examina o papel das bibliotecas como âncoras informacionais para mulheres trans, considerando sua inclusão e acesso igualitário à informação. A partir de uma revisão bibliográfica, baseada em artigos científicos, livros e fontes validadas são explorados os avanços legais e políticos em relação aos direitos das pessoas trans no contexto brasileiro, bem como os desafios enfrentados por essa população. Além disso, é examinada a literatura existente sobre a inclusão de mulheres trans em serviços bibliotecários e são propostas estratégias para promover sua inclusão e acesso à informação. Os resultados da revisão bibliográfica, nos leva a recomendações e diretrizes práticas para promover a inclusão de mulheres trans nos serviços biblioteconômicos. Isso inclui a sensibilização dos bibliotecários, a utilização de linguagem inclusiva, a criação de coleções diversificadas e a promoção de espaços seguros e acolhedores. Essas medidas visam garantir que as bibliotecas sejam locais globalizantes, que atendam às necessidades da comunidade trans e promovam a igualdade de direitos e respeito à diversidade de gênero.
Perspectivas e práticas da alfabetização na Primeira República no Maranhão (1889-1930)
Authors: Lima Ranielle de Araújo , Castellanos Samuel Luis Velázquez
Published: October 2024

Neste estudo examinam-se as perspectivas de alfabetização no Maranhão na sua historicidade e sua repercussão no estado, explorando-se as práticas de ensino registradas e discutidas nos dispositivos legais na Primeira República. Utilizam-se os pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da história cultural auxiliando-nos do método histórico, da pesquisa bibliográfica e da documental: a primeira, para compreender-se como os conceitos de alfabetização, práticas de ensino, ensino de leitura e escrita, assim como práticas leitoras e prática docente evoluíram segundo diversas produções (Ferreiro, 2003; Kleiman, 2005; Morais, Albuquerque, Leal, 2007; Fiorentini, 2008; Soares, 2016; Araújo, 2019); a segunda, que auxilia no cruzamento de dados oriundos da 1ª Conferência Interestadual de 1921, realizada no Rio de Janeiro, que objetivara discutir concepções em voga sobre o processo alfabetizador e ao respeito do ensino da leitura e escrita na escola primária como instrumento para erradicar o analfabetismo no período; e do Congresso Pedagógico de 1920, realizado em São Luís/MA, onde se discute a essencialidade do ensino de leitura e escrita como processo obrigatório para formar crianças leitoras capazes não apenas de decodificar textos, mas de compreender o que foi lido. Colabora-se para a compreensão de perspectivas e desafios no campo da alfabetização, tendo em conta a prática alfabetizadora e sua evolução em função de diversas ideias, abordagens e práticas desde os anos 1920; época marcada por movimentos de luta contra o analfabetismo compreendido como problema nacional que perdura, revelando como os conceitos em pauta foram interpretados e quais direções se debateram para promover uma alfabetização mais inclusiva e acessível.
Absenteeism of Policy Framework of Land Resources Management and its Influences on Land Productivity and the Ecosystem: A Review
Authors: Abeje Abiyot
Published: October 2024

Based on the global distribution of land and soil quality and the world population, future trends in the agricultural use of land and soil resources are mainly constrained by loss of fertile land caused by insufficient soil management and through urbanization and industrialization. Due to this problem, sustainable land use for the production of food and fiber will be under threat. Due to this fact, this paper was reviewed to examine the influence of absenteeism of policy frame work of land resource management on land productivity and ecosystem. The reviewed paper showed that absenteeism of policy frame work had a significant effect on land productivity and ecosystem. Due to absenteeism of policy frame work there was inappropriate farming practices adopted at individual farmer. The adopted practices includes farming on steep slopes, deforestation and overgrazing, limited soil and water conservation measures, limited application of organic matter, burning of dung and crop residues influences. Hence, due to the above in appropriate farming practices, the land resources were faced a problem including, soil erosion by water and wind and further severe forms of soil degradation, such as loss of organic matter, contamination and loss of soil biodiversity, compaction, salinization, flooding, nutrient mining, desertification, drying of lakes, loss of biodiversity and these problems were resulted in low productivity of land and ecosystem as well. Hence, to improve land productivity and the ecosystem, appropriate technologies with to respective to land use system for the improvement of the productive capacity of the land should be implemented very well. Therefore, for effective land resources management, policy framework of land resource management should be developed and implemented for successful improvement of land productivity and ecosystem at the national level.
Violencia de género en mujeres confinadas durante la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2
Authors: Torres-Velasco Diana Patricia , Salas-Cortez Beatriz , Martínez-Basilio Dulce Giseli , Mejía-Cervantes Rosa , Vásquez-Martínez Josué , Zacarías-Martínez Monserrat
Published: October 2024

Objective: To identify the presence of gender-based violence in women confined dueto the Covid-19 pandemic in the Oaxaca Coast Region.Materials and methods: Quantitative, descriptive, correlational and cross-sectionalresearch in 50 women over 18 years of age who remained at least 1 month in confinementdue to the Covid-19 pandemic, who applied a questionnaire using the Intimate PartnerViolence Severity Index, respecting the pertinent ethical recommendations of theGeneral Health Law on Health Research. The data were processed in the SPSS version21 statistical program and descriptive statistics and Pearson´s correlation coefficientwere used.Results: A prevalence of psychological violence was found to be 90%. 72% ofthe women reported physical violence and 64% were victims of sexual violence. Apositive correlation was observed between age and physical violence (r= 0.405, p=0.004), psychological violence (r= 0.416, p= 0.003) and sexual violence (r= 0.527, p=0.000); a negative correlation was observed in the variables schooling and physicalviolence (r= -0.538, p= 0.000), psychological violence (r= -0.488, p= 0.000), sexualviolence (r= -0.411, p= 0.003).Conclusions: Gender-based violence is an issue that has taken great relevancein recent years, and that currently continues to be of concern. Despite the fact thatinformation has been disseminated, violence continues to exist within mexican homes.In the Oaxaca Coast during the confinement by Covid-19, gender-based violence hasbeen highly prevalent, which is why it is necessary to implement measures to preventand treat gender-based violence.Keywords: Gender-based violence; Confinement; Women.
Autoevaluación de competencias profesionales de enfermería, en un hospital público de tercer nivel en Guanajuato, México
Authors: Hernández-Pérez Luz María , Moreno-Monsiváis María Guadalupe , Cheverría-Rivera Sofía
Published: October 2024

Objective: Analyze the self-assessment of the professional competencies of nurses in a tertiary care public hospital related to their work characteristics.
Material and Methods: Quantitative, descriptive correlational study of 162 nursing professionals in the hospitalization services of a tertiary care public hospital, using the validated instrument “Professional competencies for nursing graduates”, with a Cronbach’s Alpha reliability of 0.97, the study complied with the stipulations of the Regulations of the General Law of Health on Research.
Results: Of the nursing professionals evaluated, 77.2% were female; the predominant age range was 41-45 years with 50.6%, mostly married (44.4%). The most outstanding characteristics were seniority of 11 to 14 years (48.1 %) and a bachelor’s degree (49.4 %). The overall level of professional competencies was 164.8 (SD=11.4) out of a maximum score of 200, the ethics indicator stands out with a mean of 33.85 (SD=2.88), followed by the comprehensive care indicator with a mean of 33.33 (SD=3.22). No statistically significant relationship was found between the professional competencies of the nursing staff and the work characteristics.
Conclusions. The nursing staff is perceived as competent to provide comprehensive care with ethical attachment; however, there is a demand to strengthen dimensions such as education, research and management that contribute to the continuous improvement of quality and safety in care.
Keywords: Self-assessment; Competencies; Professionals; Nursing.