bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding how individualised physiotherapy or advice altered different elements of disability for people with low back pain using network analysis
Authors: Liew Bernard X. W. , Ford Jon J. , Briganti Giovanni , Hahne Andrew J.
Published: February 2022

Purpose

The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) is a common aggregate measure of disability for people with Low Back Pain (LBP). Scores on individual items and the relationship between items of the ODI may help understand the complexity of low back disorders and their response to treatment. In this study, we present a network analysis to explore how individualised physiotherapy or advice might influence individual items of the ODI, and the relationship between those items, at different time points for people with LBP.

Methods

Data from a randomised controlled trial (n = 300) comparing individualised physiotherapy versus advice for low back pain were used. A network analysis was performed at baseline, 5, 10, 26 and 52 weeks, with the 10 items of the Oswestry Disability Index modelled as continuous variables and treatment group (Individualised Physiotherapy or Advice) modelled as a dichotomous variable. A Mixed Graphical Model was used to estimate associations between variables in the network, while centrality indices (Strength, Closeness and Betweenness) were calculated to determine the importance of each variable.

Results

Individualised Physiotherapy was directly related to lower Sleep and Pain scores at all follow-up time points relative to advice, as well as a lower Standing score at 10-weeks, and higher Lifting and Travelling scores at 5-weeks. The strongest associations in the network were between Sitting and Travelling at weeks 5 and 26, between Walking and Standing at week 10, and between Sitting and Standing scores at week 52. ODI items with the highest centrality measures were consistently found to be Pain, Work and Social Life.

Conclusion

This study represents the first to understand how individualised physiotherapy or advice differentially altered disability in people with LBP. Individualised Physiotherapy directly reduced Pain and Sleep more effectively than advice, which in turn may have facilitated improvements in other disability items. Through their high centrality measures, Pain may be considered as a candidate therapeutic target for optimising LBP management, while Work and Socialising may need to be addressed via intermediary improvements in lifting, standing, walking, travelling or sleep. Slower (5-week follow-up) improvements in Lifting and Travelling as an intended element of the Individualised Physiotherapy approach did not negatively impact any longer-term outcomes.

Trials registration

ACTRN12609000834257.
Pertussis outbreak investigation in Northwest Ethiopia: A community based study
Authors: Yeshanew Addisu Gize , Lankir Damtie , Wondimu Jimmawork , Solomon Samrawit
Published: February 2022

Background

Pertussis or whooping cough is a vaccine-preventable, highly contagious, respiratory illness caused by Bordetella pertussis or Bordetella parapertussis. Infants and young children have remained most susceptible to pertussis-related morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to investigate pertussis infection and analyze the associated factors involved in the occurrence of the cases.

Methods

Community-based case-control was conducted in Dahena district, Northwest Ethiopia, from March 27—April 30, 2019. All cases ages 1–18 years old were identified by using the clinical standard case definition of pertussis adopted from World Health Organization (WHO). Data was collected using a structured questionnaire via face-to-face interviews. The data collected was cleaned, coded and entered into Epi info version 7.2.1.0 and exported to SPSS version 23 for statistical analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis were employed to identify predictors. Factors with a p-value of < 0.05 were considered as independent risk factors of pertussis infection in multivariable logistic regression analysis.

Result

A total of 122 pertussis cases were enrolled from the Azila cluster of the Dahena district. Of these figures, 64 (52.5%) were females. The overall attack rate (AR) of pertussis cases in the cluster was 8.6/10000 population. The sex-specific AR of females was 8.9/10000 population. The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that; being unvaccinated 4.17 (AOR, 4.17, 95% CI, 1.914–9.091), contact to cases 2.93 (AOR: 2.93, 95% CI 1.223–6.996), and living in a house with no window 2.6 (AOR: 2.6(95% CI 1.071 to 6.322) were the independent significantly risk factors for pertussis infection.

Conclusion

The contributing factor for pertussis infection was associated with case-contact, living in the house without windows and being unvaccinated. Wag Hemra Zone and Dahena district health office should encourage the vaccination activities of the cluster health center and awareness for the community should be practiced to limit disease transmission.
problemática de la conservación de obras contemporáneas de carácter inmaterial, instalativo y tecnológico
Authors: Sánchez Díez Imanol
Published: February 2022

Desde finales del siglo XX la producción artística no implica únicamente la producción de objetos. En el arte contemporáneo también existen obras que tienen un carácter efímero, inmaterial y vinculado con la acción. Es por ello que surge una paradoja a la hora de establecer unas pautas para poder mantener y conservar ciertas obras que no constan de un entendimiento clásico sobre el proceso de conservación asociado a la materia y la perduración de la obra contra el tiempo. Así, esta problemática conlleva nuevos replanteamientos sobre el tratamiento de las obras inmateriales desde la perspectiva tanto de los artistas como de los conservadores/as y restauradores/as de arte actuales.
Banbuaren karakterizazio mekanikoa eta kimikoa
Authors: Elejoste A. , Mondragon G. , Osa J. L. , Arevalillo A. , Eceiza A. , Abascal J. M. , Butron A. , Peña-Rodriguez C.
Published: February 2022

Banbuak, geometria tubularreko landareak, material sintetiko tradizionalen ordezko aukera interesgarriak aurkezten ditu eraikuntzaren sektorerako. Gainera, ingurumenaren aldetik jasangarria eta berriztagarria da. Hala ere, bere erabilera sustatzeko, beharrezkoa da banbuen propietate mekanikoak eta kimikoak ezagutzea. Lan honek gaur egun eraikuntzan ezezagunak diren baina tradizionalki oso erabiliak izan diren hiru espezie aztertzen ditu, kimikoki eta mekanikoki: dendrocalamus strictus (DS), Arundinaria amabilis (AA) eta Phyllostachys aurea (PA). Azterketa kimikorako, TAPPI arauak erabili dira, eta ezaugarri mekanikoak konpresioan eta dinamometroarekin makurdura hiru puntutan neurtuta aztertu dira. Propietate mekanikoen emaitzek erakutsi dute banbuaren dentsitateak eragin zuzena duela bai erresistentzian, bai zurruntasunean. Aztertutako hiru banbu-espezieetan, dentsitatea zenbat eta handiagoa izan, erresistentzia eta zurruntasuna orduan eta handiagoak direla ikusi da.
Instalazio termiko hibrido baten energia- eta exergia-analisi dinamikoa
Authors: Hernández-Arizaga Arrate , Picallo-Pérez Ana , Sala-Lizarraga José María
Published: February 2022

Klima-aldaketaren eraginez, tokian tokiko energia-eskaria aldatzen ari da. Horrek energia-eskaria asetzeko sistemen dimentsionamenduan eta operazio-moduan eragiten du; batez ere, epe luzerako proiektatzen diren sistemetan. Hala, premiazkoa da jatorri berriztagarria duten energia-iturriak ezagutzea, modu jasangarrian ustiatzea eta ustiaketa klima-aldaketaren eskakizunetara egokituko diren sistemekin egitea. Bero-ponpak bi baldintza horiek bateratzen ditu. Bero-ponpa inguru-tenperaturatik gertu dauden energia-iturriak ustiatzeko gai da eta eskakizun termiko baxua duten aplikazioen energia-beharrak asetzeko aproposa den teknologia da. Eraikinen energia-eskaria handia da, baina eraikinetarako ur bero sanitarioak eta berokuntzak eskakizun termiko baxua dute. Horrela, eraikinen instalazio termikoetan bero-ponpa edukitzeak, energia- trantsizioa eta klima-aldaketaren agertoki berrira egokitzeko malgutasuna bermatzen ditu. Energia-eskaria ahalik eta gehien murrizteko, energia-baliabideen degradatze-mekanismoak ezagutu behar dira. Energia- eta exergia-analisiak oso tresna erabilgarriak dira sistema baten exergia-suntsiketa eta energia- eta exergia-efizientzia ezagutzeko. Lan honetan, sorkuntza-sisteman lurzorura akoplatutako bero-ponpa bat eta gas-galdara bat dauzkan instalazio hibrido erreal bat aurkezten da. Instalazioak ur bero sanitarioz eta berokuntzaz hornitzen du eraikin bat. TRNSYS softwarearen bitartez, instalazioaren simulazio dinamikoa burutu da eta energia- eta exergia-analisia aplikatzeko datuak lortu dira. Lehen aldiz, exergia-analisi dinamikoa aplikatu da. Lortutako emaitzen arabera, exergia-suntsiketaren % 78 galdaran gertatzen da, eta bero-ponparen exergia-efizientzia % 46koa da. Lortutako emaitzek zabaldu egiten dute instalazio termiko honen energia-portaera hobetzeko bidea.
Zepa beltzezko hormigoi armatuz fabrikatutako habeen makurdura-esfortzuaren aurreko analisia
Authors: Santamaria Amaia , Marcos Iñaki , Romera Jesús Maria , Larrauri Marcos , San José José Tomás
Published: February 2022

Bizi garen mundua zaintzeko erronka dugu aurrean. Garapen jasangarrirako helburuak 2030 Agendan bildu dira, eta, 12. erronkari begira, «Kontsumo- eta ekoizpen-modalitate jasangarriak bermatzea», funtsezkoa da hondakinen kudeaketa lantzea. Altzairugintza-industria garrantzitsua da Euskal Herrian, ezinbestekoa ekonomiaren garapenerako. Horregatik, sektore horrek sortzen dituen hondakinei bizitza berri bat bilatzeko beharra dago. Hondakin nagusiak zepa beltzak dira eta eraikuntza-sektorean erabiltzen dira batik bat. Urte askotan, masa-hormigoietan agregakin bezala aztertu izan da zepa beltzaren portaera, eta oso emaitza onak lortu dira. Horregatik, lan honetan pauso bat aurrerago emango da, eta hormigoi armatuzko egiturak eraikitzeko aztertuko da zepa beltzaren erabilera. Laborategiko lan txikiak alde batera utzita, 600 l-ko bolumena egingo da, eraikuntza-prozedura arrunt batean edozein sendotasuneko zepa beltzez eginiko hormigoia nola fabrika daitekeen baieztatzeko. Lan honen erronka 4 m-ko hormigoi armatuzko habeak fabrikatzea da, makurduraren aurreko portaera aztertzeko. Erabiliko diren hormigoiak autotrinkotzaileak izango dira. Lortutako balio esperimentalak araudietan oinarritutako balio analitikoekin alderatu dira, eta emaitza onak lortu dira.
Las limitaciones de los despidos vinculados a la COVID-19: criterios jurisprudenciales
Authors: Kahale Carrillo Djamil Tony
Published: February 2022

El RDL 9/2020, de 27 de marzo, por el que se adoptan medidas complementarias en el ámbito laboral para paliar los efectos derivados del COVID-19, dispuso en su artículo 2, entre otras medidas, la denominada «prohibición de despedir». Precepto que ha traído controversias al no indicar de manera expresa las consecuencias de los despidos en pandemia. El presente artículo se centra, por tanto, en una de las cuestiones más polémicas que ha deparado su aplicación en determinar, según los criterios jurisprudenciales de las sentencias menores, la calificación que merecen los despidos producidos vinculados a la COVID-19.
A Millenniumi Országos Kiállítás és mulatónegyede, az Ős-Budavára
Authors: Baliga Violetta Lilla
Published: February 2022

My study serves a dual purpose. It aims to present the social and cultural changes that took place in the last decade of the 19th century with the most thorough analysis possible. In the first half of the dissertation I analyze in more detail the development history of Pest-Buda between 1880–1873. We can see how three separate parts of the city have become, in a few years, one of the great powers of the world, with a population of one million. The breakthrough in the history of Budapest was clearly brought about by the possibility for the Hungarian capital to participate independently in world exhibitions. After the initial successes, the culmination was the national exhibition in 1896, commemorating the millennial anniversary of the founding of the state. In this exhibition, Hungary presented all the stages of economic and cultural development that eventually made it a world city. In addition to the Historical Major Group and the Present Major Group, other important key players in the exhibition were undoubtedly elements of an entertaining building complex erected in the vicinity of the exhibition space. Here, the visiting guests could relax from the fatigue of busy everyday life, while getting to know the central elements of Hungarian and Turkish, as well as various Western European cultures. The entertainment complex was attacked by many due to its popularity and although it was unprofitable throughout its operation, it brought a new color to the history of hospitality in Hungary, thanks to which it was worth three seasons before its demolition.
Social positions and social statuses on a shop floor
Authors: Farkas Zoltán
Published: February 2022

In this paper, I illustrate the institutional (and relational) sociological conception of social position and social status by a brief description of a case study. I analyse the social positions and the social statuses of the workers, as well as the determinedness of social statuses by the given social positions on a machine industrial shop floor. First, I outline the interests and social powers of the workers. Next, I map the social positions of the workers, that is, I outline the social structure of the shop floor. Then I deal with the social statuses and the social determinedness of social statuses, and finally I briefly touch upon the performance orientations of the workers.
Ordoliberalism in The Epoch of Pandemy
Authors: Losoncz Alpár
Published: February 2022

There are three parts to this paper. The first part presents a discussion on ordoliberalism as a discursive structure. In doing so, it also analyzes how a certain set of ideas acquires hegemony and the specific significance of the indication “ideas matter”. The second, central part of the paper emphasizes the contradiction relating to the application of ordoliberalism within the European Union. This contradiction is sharpened with the tension between “rules” and “discretion”-based government. At the same time, ordoliberalism, which is woven into the German tradition, is presented as an expression of this contradiction. This section also sheds light on the COVID 19 pandemic from the perspective of ordoliberalism and points to the continuity of the pandemic with pre-existing crises. In the third part, starting from the relationship between ordoliberalism and capitalism, we talk about the connection of this orientation with the German export strategy, which is a sign of strong continuity of German politics. Ordoliberalism is an expression of Germany’s position in the EU and the world, and similarly, if we can talk about „ordoliberalization“ of European capitalism, we can expect its presence on a European scale.
Civilization Critical Investigation on the „Clockwork Condition” described by Anthony Burgess
Authors: Kádár Zoltán
Published: February 2022

The negative effects of the civilized lifestyle are widely discussed by many authors (for example Marx, Wells, or Max Nordau) in the nineteenth century, showing that industrial society and its mechanic requirements make a hard mental and physical impact on people who build and constantly change the modern world. In the twentieth century, many authors also dealt with the problem of adaptation to technology – a process that deeply changes people – that pushes them to a direction that leads towards an obedient, man-machine condition of life. Taylorism and its heritage, plus the culture, sport, sex, etc. industries and above all politics with its satellite media determine people how to live their lives. This makes a lifelong discomfort for those who want some autonomy but gives redemption for others who flee from constant decision-making. Burgess’s „clockwork condition” is a great depiction of the (post)modern man whose actions are mostly mere responses to a mechanic milieu created by „the state” that uses people as tools. Even democracy can turn into a spiritless, alienated sequence impregnated with boring or obviously mad plans of a governing minority if citizens forget how to be conscious, creative, and responsible when they make decisions. Beyond the topic of the novel A Clockwork Orange the problem is general: do we choose the „forced marriage of an organism to a mechanism” and follow the given patterns, let the conditioning happen, or insist on being imperfect, but capable of making decisions, even if many of them are bad.
Zu Gast beim Publikum
Authors: Ludwig Johanna
Published: February 2022

Johanna Ludwig stellt in diesem Beitrag den Musikwagen, die mobile Bühne des Luzerner Sinfonieorchesters, vor und zeigt anhand von mehreren Beispielen, wie ein Ortswechsel die Rollen zwischen Orchester und Publikum verändern kann. Durch einen kollaborativen Vermittlungsansatz wird das Publikum in Projektwochen selbst schöpferisch tätig und bringt eigene Stücke auf die Bühne, ausgehend von ihrer musikalischen Lebenswelt vor Ort.
Áreas protegidas, educación para la diversidad biocultural y extensión universitaria
Authors: Nudelman Laura Ruth , Diaz Gabriela , Barahona Alexandra Daiana , Llano Carina
Published: February 2022

El propósito del siguiente artículo es hacer un análisis teórico desde el paradigma de la extensión crítica sobre un proyecto en territorio de la Universidad Nacional de Cuyo realizado entre 2016 y 2018, enmarcado en el tema de la educación ambiental dentro de las áreas naturales protegidas en la provincia de Mendoza, República Argentina. Se razonan desde la perspectiva de la “extensión crítica freiriana” la planificación, ejecución y evaluación de resultados del proyecto llevado a cabo. Se busca contribuir a un diagnóstico de la extensión crítica en las áreas naturales protegidas de Mendoza y la relación de los/as guardaparques como actores claves en la educación ambiental para la biodiversidad.
Editorial #15. Ambiente y extensión universitaria
Authors: Iucci Cecilia
Published: February 2022

Editorial de la revista #15
De la concesión a la autorización: una reforma necesaria al régimen de acceso a la prestación del servicio público postal en el Perú
Authors: Vásquez Piero Amadeus Rojas
Published: February 2022

En el Perú, el servicio postal es una actividad económica de interés público que se encuentra abierta a la competencia y al mercado al punto que, a la fecha, existen más de 600 operadores postales. Sin embargo, para acceder a la prestación del referido servicio se requiere obtener previamente una concesión, institución que es propia de una actividad monopólica y en mercados en donde está restringido el libre acceso por parte de los particulares. Es así que el presente trabajo plantea jurídicamente la posibilidad de que la prestación del servicio público postal se realice a través de una autorización administrativa, en lugar de la concesión, como sucede en la Unión Europea.
Warehouse Receipt System Policy for Aceh’s Gayo Coffee Farmers during COVID-19: An Overview of Maqāṣid Sharia
Authors: Andriani Fitria , Maghfirah Fitri
Published: February 2022

This study aims to describe three discussion topics about the importance of the coffee commodity for the Gayo community, the impact of COVID-19 on Gayo coffee farmers, and to analyse the policies implemented by the government in minimizing the losses of farmers affected by COVID-19 in the framework of maqāṣid sharia. This type of research is qualitative, with data methods through in-depth literature reviews of primary and secondary sources of previous scientific research, government agency reports and online media. The results showed that Gayo coffee has made a major contribution to food security, but since Covid-19 it has implications for coffee price fluctuations which have an impact on decreasing people’s income. Therefore, the government issued a Warehouse Receipt System policy, with the aim that Gayo coffee farmers could use warehouse receipts to obtain financing facilities from banks in financing food security and coffee production needs. The policy taken by the government in minimizing the risk of loss for Gayo coffee farmers is a manifestation of the value of the maqāṣid sharia values in maintaining self-preservation (ḥifẓ nafs) and preserving property (ḥifẓ Mal) so that they can continue to survive in order to maintain welfare even during the pandemic. This effort can also be used to strengthen the Gayo coffee production chain because in addition to obtaining financing to meet production needs, it can also be used to meet food during a crisis.
La contestation de la « réforme » en Égypte à la fin du XIXe siècle : anarchistes et soufis
Authors: Paonessa Costantino
Published: February 2022

Chercheur·euses et historien·nes du Moyen-Orient ont consacré de nom­breuses études à la période de la nahda (renaissance, éveil) en Égypte. Néanmoins, la complexité des dynamiques et des enjeux – à la fois économiques, sociaux mais aussi culturels – ayant affecté le pays au moins jusqu’à la révolution de 1919 n’a pas encore fait l’objet d’une étude exhaustive. À travers le cas de certains célèbres oulémas/soufis et d’anarchistes italiens, notre recherche s’inscrit dans le sillage des travaux visant à démontrer comment en Égypte le processus rénovateur est en réalité plus complexe, plus articulé et moins linéaire qu’on ne le décrit habituellement. L’objectif de cet article est d’apporter un regard plus articulé sur un passé où parfois le mythe a supplanté la réalité.
Enhancing PBL authenticity by engaging STEM professional volunteers
Authors: Nicholas Celeste , Scribner J. Adam
Published: February 2022

The article profiles a project addressing a central issue in reform-driven STEM education – the need to align educational experiences with real-world STEM. We profile an interdisciplinary project which aimed for authenticity by: 1) purposefully designing an authentic PBL project and 2) incorporating STEM professional volunteers as facilitators. Volunteers enhanced authentic elements of the project task (e.g., open-ended task, accountability) and context (e.g., autonomy, collaboration). Volunteers alleviated pedagogical barriers to PBL – their expertise allowed both volunteers and teachers to take up the facilitator roles foundational to PBL. Professional volunteers can play vital roles in STEM capacity-building initiatives, including those seeking to broaden participation. Further research is needed to understand how to best prepare and utilize volunteers in a variety of classroom roles, including as PBL facilitators.
Using Teacher Dashboards to Assess Group Collaboration in Problem-based Learning
Authors: Chen Yuxin , Hmelo-Silver Cindy E. , Lajoie Susanne P. , Zheng Juan , Huang Lingyun , Bodnar Stephen
Published: February 2022

Assessing group collaboration is a critical element in Problem-based Learning (PBL). In asynchronous online PBL settings, facilitators encounter challenges to assess group collaboration because of delayed responses, lack of social cues, and the orchestration load. Teacher dashboards have the potential to support facilitators to assess collaboration by providing synthesized and visualized information about student learning. Previous studies have explored facilitators’ user experience of teacher dashboards. However, little is known about how facilitators with different levels of PBL expertise interpret dashboard information differently. In this study, we analyzed ten PBL facilitators’ utterance moves while interacting with an online teacher dashboard to examine the difference between expert and novice facilitators as they used each visualization. This study can inform the design of teacher dashboards on collaboration assessment.
Teaching Applied Exercise Physiology Using a Prototype Energy Expenditure Measurement Device
Authors: Navalta James W , Davis Dustin W , Carrier Bryson , Sertic Jacquelyn V.L. , Cater Peyton
Published: February 2022

Undergraduate and graduate students in courses designed to introduce research techniques in exercise physiology were provided the novel opportunity through Project-based Learning (PBL) to utilize a prototype device to measure energy expenditure (EE). This report summarizes how EE measurements were incorporated via PBL into course-required experiments and determined perceived understanding of exercise and metabolism. Undergraduate experiments included measurement of EE following high intensity cycling preceded by a motivating yell, and EE after upper-body and lower-body exercise performed at simulated altitude. Graduate experiments included evaluation of the EE cost of skipping, and EE during longboard skateboarding. Undergraduate students perceived greater increases in competencies while graduate students seized the opportunity to design more creative experiments that pushed the boundaries of their education.
Critical review and meta-analysis of biological variation estimates for tumor markers
Authors: Marques-Garcia Fernando , Boned Beatriz , González-Lao Elisabet , Braga Federica , Carobene Anna , Coskun Abdurrahman , Díaz-Garzón Jorge , Fernández-Calle Pilar , Perich Maria Carmen , Simon Margarida , Jonker Niels , Aslan Berna , Bartlett William Alexander , Sandberg Sverre , Aarsand Aasne K.
Published: February 2022

Objectives

Biological variation data (BV) can be used for different applications, but this depends on the availability of robust and relevant BV data. In this study, we aimed to summarize and appraise BV studies for tumor markers, to examine the influence of study population characteristics and concentrations on BV estimates and to discuss the applicability of BV data for tumor markers in clinical practice.

Methods

Studies reporting BV data for tumor markers related to gastrointestinal, prostate, breast, ovarian, haematological, lung, and dermatological cancers were identified by a systematic literature search. Relevant studies were evaluated by the Biological Variation Data Critical Appraisal Checklist (BIVAC) and meta-analyses were performed for BIVAC compliant studies to deliver global estimates of within-subject (CVI) and between-subject (CVG) BV with 95% CI.

Results

The systematic review identified 49 studies delivering results for 22 tumor markers; four papers received BIVAC grade A, 3 B, 27 C and 15 D. Out of these, 29 CVI and 29 CVG estimates met the criteria to be included in the meta-analysis. Robust data are lacking to conclude on the relationship between BV and different disease states and tumor marker concentrations.

Conclusions

This review identifies a lack of high-quality BV studies for many tumor markers and a need for delivery of BIVAC compliant studies, including in different disease states and tumor marker concentrations. As of yet, the state-of-the-art may still be the most appropriate model to establish analytical performance specifications for the majority of tumor markers.
Ideal corrosion inhibitors: a review of plant extracts as corrosion inhibitors for metal surfaces
Authors: Murungi Pearl Isabellah , Sulaimon Aliyu Adebayo
Published: February 2022

Corrosion, a gradual destruction of metals as they react to their environment, is a daunting issue faced by the oil and gas industry since it has negative impacts on both life and industry applications. Attempts to tackle this problem have involved a myriad of techniques among which, corrosion inhibitors have been found to be the most effective. Corrosion inhibitors adsorb onto metallic surfaces and insulate them from deterioration. Plants being green and abundant in nature, offer a cost-effective replacement to toxic, chemical inhibitors on the market. Investigations of several plant extracts using different variables to quantify their effectiveness reveal that most of them exhibit an excellent inhibition potential, usually above 90%. These outstanding results prove their efficiency compared to traditional methods and necessitate further studies so as to enable implementation on large scale.
Struktureller Wandel rechts motivierter Brandstiftungstäter*innen?
Authors: Berberich Jana , Laube Max
Published: February 2022

Der vorliegende Beitrag analysiert Wandlungsprozesse im Deliktsfeld rechts motivierter Brandstiftungen in Deutschland im Zeitraum von 2010 bis 2017. Der Fokus liegt hierbei auf Tatverdächtigen bzw. Täter*innen und es wird die Frage beantwortet, wie sich der Wandel der Täter*innenstruktur in den vergangenen Jahren im genannten Deliktsbereich konkret ausgestaltet hat. Als empirische Bezugspunkte dienen zwei laufende Forschungsprojekte, die sich mit unterschiedlichen methodischen Zugängen – einerseits der statistischen Analyse von Tatverdächtigendaten der Polizei, andererseits der auf Täter*innen bezogenen Aktenanalyse – der obigen Forschungsfrage widmen. Die empirischen Ergebnisse belegen einen drastischen Wandel der Tatverdächtigen- bzw. Täter*innenstruktur im Untersuchungszeitraum. So lässt sich ein deutlicher Anstieg des Anteils an weiblichen Tatverdächtigen konstatieren. Auch die für rechte Gewalt eher untypische Altersgruppe der Tatverdächtigen über 30 Jahre hat an Relevanz gewonnen. Darüber hinaus hat der Anteil von Gruppentaten im Zeitverlauf ab – und der Anteil an alleinhandelnden Täter*innen zugenommen. Da über eine Analyse der Tatmittel auf einen hohen Planungsgrad der Taten geschlossen werden kann, lässt sich bilanzieren, dass sich im Zuge der sog. »Flüchtlingskrise« neue, eher der »Mitte der Gesellschaft« zugehörige Tätergruppen gebildet haben, die analytisch nicht mehr in das etablierte Forschungsraster der spontan verübten Jugendgewalt passen.
Enhancement in tissue paper production by optimizing creeping parameters such as application of various blade material (MOC) and creep pocket geometry
Authors: Jain Sanjeev Kumar , Dutt Dharam , Jain R. K.
Published: February 2022

This study is focused on the development of ultrasoft facial grade tissue paper of 12.5 gsm with superior quality in terms of handfeel softness alongside enhanced productivity.

To sustain in the tissue paper business, industries needs to focus in such a way that productivity should be increased with excellent product quality. Tissue industries generally loose huge productivity as well as deviation is observed in high quality low gsm facial grade tissue paper in terms of quality. This is owing to vague understanding about the creeping geometry where creep pocket angle, blade grind angle, blade MOC play a significant role to improve the productivity and produce excellent product quality. This experimental study would bridge for better understanding of impact of creping blade material and crepe blade geometry on productivity and quality of tissue paper.

In this experimental study, two types of creping blade material– carbon steel and ceramic were used. Machine runability, mechanical properties of developed facial grade tissue paper was minutely analysed. It was found that while using ceramic blade, downtime reduced by 86.8 % while the production was enhanced by 10 % indicating better machine runnability with ceramic blade. Thereafter, the blade holder angle was altered to 17°, 18° and 19° along with alterations of bevel angle to 75°, 80°, 85° and 90°. All the mechanical properties of developed facial grade tissue paper was investigated and analysed. The outcome of the study indicated that by using ceramic tip creping blade with 17° blade holder angle and bevel angle at 80°, ultrasoft, high bulk facial grade tissue paper can be produced with much improved machine runnability i. e. downtown reduced by 85 % on account of blade changing frequency and production enhanced by 10 %.
Speaking one’s mind: the sign as subject of interpretation in the manuscripts of Charles S. Peirce, between the theories of rhetoric and communication
Authors: Haase Fee
Published: February 2022

The name Charles Sanders Peirce (1839–1914) is associated with the science of signs called semiotics, which studies the sign as the carrier of meaning that is placed in the center of his work. Peirce developed a system of concepts that describe how the sign as such is understood by the mind. For the conditions of its interpretations Peirce established various so-called interpretants for the explanation of signs associated with the utterer and interpreter and a shared process that enables the communication between communicators. Further to the renovation of the theory of rhetoric and communication, we show that medium and communication must be understood within the framework of his theory in association to the sign and the object. Throughout his manuscripts the triads of his concepts are realized in the text in rhetorical tricola as terms of his philosophy. In comparison to Aristotle’s Rhetoric, which employed the sign as a means for reasoning, we will show how Peirce developed techniques of reasoning based on Aristotle’s work and his model of mental understanding of the sign while foreshadowing a theory of communication that aims at describing the exchange of information in a model.
Elemente der „Fabrik der Zukunft“
Authors: Schäfer Simon F. , Gorke Nils T. , Cevirgen Cihan , Park Yeong-Bae , Nyhuis Peter
Published: February 2022

Die Anforderungen an zukünftige Fabriken wachsen im Zuge der immer komplexeren Vernetzung von Wertschöpfungsprozessen stetig. Dieser erhöhte Druck erfordert eine erhöhte digitale Transparenz, um mit den gesteigerten Herausforderungen, insbesondere im Zielfeld Nachhaltigkeit, mitzuhalten. Die Themen Digitale Fabrik, Industrie 4.0 und Building Information Modeling sind zunehmend im Einsatz in den jeweiligen Planungsdomänen einer Fabrik und leisten Ihren eigenen Beitrag zur Beherrschung der Komplexität und Verbesserung der Planungsergebnisse. Offen ist, wie diese Elemente strukturiert zusammengeführt werden können, damit eine gesamtheitliche Lösung geplant, gestaltet und gesteuert werden kann. Der vorliegende Beitrag geht dieser Frage nach und postuliert eine Vision der „Fabrik der Zukunft“. Im ersten Teil dieser Beitragsreihe werden die Grundlagen der Digitalen Fabrik, Industrie 4.0 und BIM dargestellt.
Optimierung der Reihenfolgeplanung
Authors: Schlecht Michael , Berger Sebastian , Wußler David , Haun Matthias , Köbler Jürgen
Published: February 2022

Die Optimierung der Auftragsterminierung und Einsteuerungsreihenfolge hat großen Einfluss auf die Produktivität von Fertigungssystemen. Genetische Algorithmen und Simulation sind verbreitete Werkzeuge zur Optimierung. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt einen neuen Ansatz zur Optimierung durch einen genetischen Algorithmus und der Simulation in dynamischen Modellen. Eine illustrative Fallstudie validiert den Ansatz und zeigt das Potenzial zur ganzheitlichen Verbesserung von Fertigungssystemen auf.
Ambidextriemanagement in der Produktion
Authors: Gärtner Quirin , Dorth Alexander
Published: February 2022

In einem zunehmend komplexen und diskontinuierlichen Umfeld stehen produzierende Unternehmen unter stetigem Innovationsdruck. Im Rahmen der vorgestellten Studie wurden Unternehmen zu ihrem Umgang mit dem Spannungsfeld zwischen inkrementellen und radikalen Innovationen in der Produktion und dem damit zusammenhängenden Innovationsmanagement befragt. Die Studie gibt einen Überblick über die Verbreitung und die Herausforderungen des beidhändigen Innovationsmanagements in der Industrie und zeigt Chancen für Industrie und Forschung auf.
Bauteilbezogene Speicherung prozessrelevanter Daten
Authors: Behrens Bernd-Arno , Krimm Richard , Koß Jonas , Höber André
Published: February 2022

Die Nutzung von Messdaten zur Überwachung und Optimierung von Prozessen spielt in der Produktionstechnik eine immer wichtigere Rolle. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird der Aufbau eines Datenakquise-systems für Umformanlagen beschrieben. Neben der Konzeptionierung und der Auswahl geeigneter Systemkomponenten ist dabei die Aufbereitung und Reduktion der Daten von großer Bedeutung. Letztere Aspekte werden beispielhaft an einer Schnittschlagüberwachung auf Basis einer dauerhaften Messung der Stößelposition erläutert.
Potenzialanalyse eines Standards für Ortungssysteme zum Einsatz in der Produktion und Logistik
Authors: Gerwin Linn , Schneider Julian , Uckelmann Dieter
Published: February 2022

Ortungssysteme gewinnen bei der Umsetzung von Industrie-4.0-Ansätzen zunehmend an Bedeutung. Hierbei stehen Echtzeit-Ortungssysteme, sogenannte Real-Time-Locating-Systems (RTLS), die eine intelligente Vernetzung von Produktion und Logistik ermöglichen, im Fokus. Die Auswahl eines geeigneten Systems stellt Unternehmen, aufgrund des hohen Angebots und fehlender Konnektivität der Technologien, vor eine große Herausforderung. Ein technologieübergreifender Ortungsstandard existiert bislang nicht. Abhilfe soll „omlox” schaffen, ein offener Standard, der die Verbindung verschiedener existierender Ortungstechnologien ermöglicht. Basierend auf einer Untersuchung der bestehenden RTLS werden mittels einer Potenzialanalyse, die Relevanz und der Nutzen von omlox für produzierende Unternehmen herausgearbeitet.
5G-Nutzenbewertung
Authors: Evcenko Dimitri , Kett Holger
Published: February 2022

Im Zuge der fortschreitenden Digitalisierung gewinnt der neue Mobilfunkstandard 5G zusehends an Bedeutung. In Anbetracht seiner technischen Leistungsfähigkeit und neuen Funktionen, kann er als Enabler für die Umsetzung von Industrie-4.0-Anwendungsfällen betrachtet werden. Ehe eine neue Technologie wie 5G jedoch in einem Unternehmen zum Einsatz kommen kann, müssen die Auswirkungen seines Einsatzes auf unterschiedliche Anwendungsfälle analysiert werden. In diesem Beitrag wird eine Methodik aufgezeigt, wie der Nutzen einer 5G-Investition grob abgeschätzt und für die strategische Entscheidungsfindung herangezogen werden kann.
Weg zur intelligenten Fabrik
Authors: Rieckmann Jens Mathis , Torka Jan , Gering Patrick
Published: February 2022

Fertigungsunternehmen müssen heutzutage wegen der starken Konkurrenz, der sich wandelnden Märkte und insbesondere auch der veränderten Umweltbedingungen die digitale Transformation gestalten. Dieser Beitrag konzentriert sich auf den Faktor Mensch in diesem Prozess. Beginnend bei der Sensibilisierung von Mitarbeiterinnen und Mitarbeitern angesichts neuer Technologien über den Auswahl- und Implementierungsprozess unter Berücksichtigung der Belange der Belegschaft bis hin zur Qualifizierung für die regelgerechte Anwendung der Technologien im Unternehmen existieren große Herausforderungen auf dem Weg zur intelligenten Fabrik.
Ganzheitliches Obsoleszenzmanagement-Modell
Authors: Jolovic Mladen , Glawar Robert , Sihn Wilfried
Published: February 2022

Den Umstand aufgreifend, dass steigendes Innovationstempo und technologischer Wandel einen essentiellen Einfluss auf die Entwicklung von Bauteilen und deren Marktverfügbarkeit besitzen, haben Systemhersteller zunehmend mit der Sicherstellung einer langjährigen Verfügbarkeit von entsprechender Hard- und Software zu kämpfen. Vor diesem Hintergrund wird in diesem Beitrag ein holistisches Obsoleszenzmanagement-Modell vorgestellt, welches produzierende Unternehmen bei der Bewältigung von Obsoleszenzproblemen unterstützt. Das entwickelte Modell gibt Einblick in die unterschiedlichen Ebenen des Obsoleszenzmanagements, zeigt relevante Prozesse auf und ermöglicht die Ermittlung des Obsoleszenzrisikos für sicherheitskritische Hardware- und Softwarekomponenten.
All-Ceramic versus Metal-Ceramic Tooth Supported Single Crowns with a Minimum Follow-up Time of 3 Years; Survival and Complications: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: I. Kalghoum Azouzi , Lahiouel Ayda , Hadyaoui D. , Harzallah H. , Cherif M.
Published: February 2022

Purpose: To assess the 3-year survival rates and the incidences of biological and technical complications of all-ceramic and metal-ceramic tooth-supported single crowns. Material and methods: An online research of literature on Pubmed was conducted independently by 3 reviewers to identify the clinical studies performed from 2000 up to 2017 and completed by a manual research. Keywords, inclusion and exclusion criteria were well-defined. Results: The research revealed 501 titles and led to a final analysis of 31 full text articles. Only 6 studies met the inclusion criteria and reported on 215 metal-ceramic and 501 all-ceramic TSSCs. The meta-analysis of the included studies indicated an estimated survival rate of metal-ceramic TSSCs of 90.14% (95% CI: 89.72%-91.35%) after 3 years. This was a little bit higher than the estimated 3-year survival rate of Lithium-disilicate (89.54%; 95% CI: 87.18%-91.89%). However the 3-year survival rate, of Zirconia TSSCs was statistically much higher (92.01%; 95% CI: 89.58-94.43%). When the outcomes in anterior and posterior regions were compared, Zirconia and Lithium-disilicate TSSCs exhibited survival rates of 91.64% and 91.12% respectively, in the posterior region, where metal-ceramic TSSCs exhibited only 90.14% as a 3-year survival rate. As for the anterior region, we could only compare the TSSCs made out of Lithium-disilicate and Zirconia as the metal-ceramic ones were all laid on the posterior regions. Zirconia performed the highest 3-year survival rate in the anterior region (93.54%; 95% CI: 91.08-96%) whereas Lithium-disilicate showed only 87.5%. This was due to the low level of the mechanical properties of such material, which clinically indicated by major chipping and tooth fracture. Conclusion: Survival rates of metal-ceramic crowns were nearly similar to those reported for most types of all-ceramic TSSCs in the posterior region. Weaker Lithium-disilicate-based ceramics should be limited to application in the anterior region, even if they expressed a higher survival rate in the anterior regions. Zirconia-based TSSCs should not be considered as a primary option due to their high incidence of technical problems. Keywords: Tooth-supported single crowns; Fixed dental prosthesis; All-ceramic; Metal-ceramic; Survival; Technical complications; Biological complications;
Complex Rehabilitation of Patients with Jaw Fractures
Authors: DT Bobamuratova , SHA Boymuradov
Published: February 2022

This review article provides brief information on rehabilitation measures that improve the local and general condition of patients with jaw fractures. In the recent year the number of injuries with maxillofacial trauma has significantly increased in all countries of the world. Among maxillofacial injuries, fractures of the jaws occupy the main place (65- 80%), and most of the patients are young and able-bodied people. Despite the continuous improvement of the treatment methods of jaw fractures, the periods of immobilization and temporary disability are not reduced, and the incidence of inflammatory complications remains high, which significantly worsens the outcome of trauma. This largely depends on the lack of an effective system of rehabilitation of patients and a comprehensive approach to treatment with the use of both, pharmacological, psychotherapeutic, and physical rehabilitation measures. Complex treatment and rehabilitation of patients with jaw fractures will promote rapid stabilization and reduction of posttraumatic manifestations of the disease and, as a result, improve physical and mental health and increase the life potential and the level of their working capacity. The object of the review is to study and combine rehabilitation activities, that improve the health, working capacity and local status of patients with jaw fractures during immobilization and after removal of splints. Materials: The articles were identified using the computerized search engine PubMed, Elsevier, Cochrane Central, Google scholar, Google search, Research Gate, Ebsco Host, dissercat.com, medical-diss. com, cyberleninka.ru and other possible sites with keywords such as maxillofacial trauma, mandibular fracture, jaw fracture intermaxillar fixation and rehabilitation, recovery, physiotherapy, psychology, nutrition, feeding, diet, care, therapeutic gymnastics and in various combinations of these words in Russian and English. And they also took into account the relevant bibliographic lists. Randomized controlled trials, meta-analyzes, prospective clinical trials were selected based on their significance.
Atraumatic Technique for Removal of Broken Root Tips of Maxillary Posterior Teeth with Endodontic K File - A Technical Consideration
Authors: Talathi Abhishek , Umale Vinay , Chandurkar Kshama , Kulshrestha Rohit , Rehani Anirudh
Published: February 2022

Background: Extraction of tooth often feels tricky situation for dental surgeon specially root gets fracture of maxillary posterior teeth. Maxillary premolars are often gets fracture while extracting for orthodontic treatment. Method: In such cases complete extraction without damaging alveolar bone is necessary. Various methods are described in literature are appreciated but we require much quicker, less invasive method which here the attempt is made with the help of K file. Results: This technique was implemented in 17 cases with successfully retrieval among 13 (76.5%) cases with average time for retrieval 4 minutes. Conclusions: A simple and very effective method using K file for retrieving broken root tip of maxillary teeth with minimal collateral damage to the surrounding structures. Keywords: Maxillary premolars; Fracture root tip; K- file;
Nutrition of Patients with Jaw Fracture and After Orthognatik Surgery, Review of the Literature
Authors: DT Bobamuratova , ShA Boymuradov , SB Rakhmonov , TA Olimjonov
Published: February 2022

Nutritional deficiencies occurring during treatment process in patients with jaw fractures will have a negative impact as: reducing of immune indicators in the body, weakening of protective reactions, tendency to complications, and traumatic effects. This article summarizes the content of scientific studies related to the nutritional status or nutrition of patients with fractures. Methods: Was conducted a systematic review of randomized controlled trials evaluating the nutritional status of patients with jaw fractures and post-orthodontic surgery during immobilization. Results: Were identified twenty-seven studies. It is established that during the immobilization period the patient has changes of the trophic status, nutritional insufficiency (malnutrition), explained by weight loss and changes in anthropometric parameters, blood changes (hypoalbuminemia, decrease of hemoglobin of blood). Oral nutritional supplements or alternative feeding methods improve nutritional status, as many studies have observed (weight and other anthropometric parameters, normalization of biochemical blood parameters,). In addition, according to some authors, decreased the number of complications and reduced the duration of hospitalization and expenditure. It is recommended that nutritional supplements be offered to malnourished patients during this period. Keywords: Maxillofacial trauma; Mandibular fracture; Jaw fracture; Nutrition; Feeding; Diet; Nutritional assessment; Nutritional status; Intermaxillar fixation; Orthognatik surgery;
Getting More out of Less
Authors: Minbiole Julie , Traphagen Stephen
Published: February 2022

Homework is an integral component of most science courses but can have an impact on student learning only when students actually complete the assignment. Low completion rate of homework, then, is an impediment to student success in science courses, and a source of frustration for instructor and students alike. Here, we outline a set of design principles supported by research in how students learn, intended to streamline outside-of-class assignments to address course goals, improve student buy-in and motivation, and provide instructors better formative assessment data. We also share examples of outside-of-class assignments aligned to these principles to aid instructors in shortening and focusing the homework they choose to assign in their courses.