bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 Pandemic and Mental Health of Doctors: An Observational Analytical Study from a Dedicated COVID Hospital.
Authors: Khatoon F , Singh A , Jilani AQ , Ahmad A , Haq M , Pandey S
Published: February 2021

Objective:Doctors experienced unprecedented levels of workload and pressure since the outbreak of COVID-19, making them more vulnerable to adverse psychological outcomes. While frontline healthcare workers face a substantially higher risk of susceptibility to infection due to excessive COVID-19 exposure, little is known about its impact on doctors not directly posted with COVID-19 patients. Our study was focused on studying the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health of this subgroup of doctors.Materials and Methods: From April 1st to July 31st, 2020, a cross sectional web-based survey was conducted at a COVID-19 dedicated tertiary care hospital. The study was conducted using standard questionnaires measuring adverse psychological outcomes including DASS-21 and WHO-5. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to examine the determinants of adverse psychological outcomes.Results and Discussion: 145 doctors completed the survey questionnaire with over 71% females and 29% males. The overall prevalence of anxiety, depression and stress among doctors was 38.6%, 41.37% and 32.42% respectively. The overall well-being score was found to be 52.77 + 24.19 with a median [IQR] of 52.Conclusion: A high incidence of adverse psychological outcomes are observed amongst doctors during COVID-19 pandemic, even when they are not directly involved in the care of COVID-19 patients. Stress, anxiety and depression have an inverse relationship with age and marital status. Anxiety has an inverse relationship with religious beliefs.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 05 No. 03 July’21 Page: 297-306
Association of Menstrual Disorders with Body Mass Index in Undergraduate Medical Students
Authors: Rizvi Shabnam , Khatoon Fareha , Ahmad Ayesha , Khan Kashish Ayaz , Ekta - , Singh Kajal
Published: February 2021

Objective: Menstrual disorders constitute one of the major problems faced by medical students globally. Amongst the various factors attributed as causative factors in menstrual cycle variations, include body mass index [BMI] is the most easily modifiable factor. As we still do not have clear answers, this study was planned to study the association of menstrual disorders with BMI.Methodology: This is a cross sectional study, done in undergraduate female medical students in the age group of 18 to 30 years. Exclusion criteria included pregnancy, breast feeding, <12 months post-partum, <6 months post abortion/miscarriage, concomitant medical disorders and intake of hormonal medication. Data was collected for socio-demographic variables, detailed menstrual history, obstetric and medical history. Examination recorded anthropometric details, hirsutism, acne, any signs of virilization. Menstrual cycle variables were studied for their association with BMI.Results: A total of 254 students participated in the study with an average age of 23.9 years. Dysmenorrhea was globally found. Majority of cases were mild dysmenorrhea. Premenstrual syndrome [PMS] was seen commonly, commonest symptoms being mood swings and abdominal cramps. There was no association between mean menstrual blood loss [MBL], PMS and BMI and poor association with dysmenorrhea.Conclusion: Dysmenorrhea and PMS were very commonly seen and were not related to BMI. The mean MBL was independent of BMI. A rise in BMI had a positive association with cycle irregularity.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 05 No. 03 July’21 Page: 330-335
Patterns of Injuries and Illness Among Malaysian Contingents During the Kuala Lumpur South East Asia (KL SEA) Games 2017
Authors: Salim Ahmad Munawwar Helmi , Hamid Mohamad Shariff A , Hussein Kamarul Hashimy , Puji Arshad
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Malaysia has participated in many international multi-sport events, but there is limited data on the injury and illness prevalence of the Malaysian contingent.Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the pattern of injuries and illnesses among the athletes and officials in the Malaysian contingent during the KL SEA Games 2017.Materials and methods: The medical records of the Malaysian contingent who received medical attention from the Malaysian medical team contingent during the centralised camp and the Games, were retrieved. The Malaysian medical team used a standardised injury and illness reporting form to record clinical and socio-demographic information of the athletes and officials in the Malaysian contingent.Results and Discussion: The total number of medical consultations received were 509 and 85.4% were with athletes. Two-hundred two injuries and 238 illnesses were diagnosed among the athletes. The most common injury among the athletes was muscle tears and strains, followed by ligamentous injuries, tendon injuries, bruises, and contusions. Majority of the injuries were mild and occurred during training. Recurrent injuries and increase in athlete’s age were significant predictors of injury severity. Comparable to earlier reports, the most common illness among athletes, was the respiratory system, followed by gastroenterology and dermatology. A total of 11 injuries and 58 illnesses were reported among the Malaysian contingent officials. Compared to athletes, the injury rate among the officials was much lower. The illness rate among the officials was half of the athletes’ illness rate, even though there was a higher prevalence of underlying chronic diseases among the officials.Conclusion: The rate of injuries and illness among Malaysian athletes in the KL Sea Games 2017 was comparable to previous reports. However, the rate of injuries and illness of the officials in the Malaysian contingent was lower compared to athletes.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 05 No. 03 July’21 Page: 347-354
Unusual Presentation of Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Singh Kanika , Raychaudhuri Sujata , Chauhan Varsha , Bajaj Akanksha , Menia Reetika
Published: February 2021

A primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) is a rare entity occurring most commonly in the 2nd and 3rd decade and is very rare in patients over 40 years of age. PNET is a round cell malignancy of presumably primitive neuroectodermal tissue or migratory neural crest cells arising from soft tissue or bone. PNET occurring outside the central nervous system is called peripheral PNET (p PNET) and most commonly involves the trunk and extremities Here we present a case of PNET diagnosed in an elderly male who presented with a soft tissue mass in the gluteal region. The histopathology with ancillary techniques including immunohistochemistry and molecular studies helped in establishing the diagnosis of PNET. They are characterized by translocation leading to the fusion of Ewing’s Sarcoma (EWS) gene on 22q12 with any of the member of the ETS (E 26 transformation specific or E -twenty – six) family of transcription factors with the most frequent being t (11;22) (q24;12). Intensive multiagent chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment as it has great potential for metastatic spread. The prognosis of adults with Ewing’s sarcoma (ES)/PNET is not well known, however, some reports suggested that adults with ES/PNET have a poorer prognosis than children. Cytology is the first line of diagnosis for RCT. However, the type-specific diagnosis or final diagnosis of p PNET is based on histopathology aided with IHC and other ancillary techniques.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 05 No. 03 July’21 Page: 358-361
Esophageal Injury Secondary to Severely Embedded Denture: A Case Report
Authors: Subramanyan Santiyamadhi , Ramachandran Komathi , Tang Ing Ping
Published: February 2021

The incidence of esophageal impacted denture is proportionately increasing as there is increasing number of people wearing denture in current days. Impacted denture has to be removed as soon as possible because the delay can lead to complications. The successful removal of impacted denture in the esophagus in a patient is reported, with a review of the literature. A 52-year-old Malay lady complained of dysphagia with no history of foreign body ingestion. Following unsuccessful attempts of removal via a rigid esophagoscope, open surgery was performed. Without further delay, the impacted denture was removed by cervical esophagotomy, and the patient recovered uneventfully. Esophageal foreign bodies are usually removed by endoscopy. However, in situations where this appears potentially hazardous, such as with impacted denture, open surgical extraction that is promptly performed is a safer option.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 05 No. 03 July’21 Page: 362-365
Analysis of mathematical models of transmission lines
Authors:   State Institution of Higher Education “Donetsk National Technical University, G. SHEINA
Published: February 2021

This paper investigates a mathematical model of one elements of the power supply system - power transmission lines. The type of models depends on the initial simplifications, which in turn are determined by the complexity of the physics of processes. The task of improving the accuracy of modeling of emergency processes in the power system is due to the significant complexity of modern power systems and their equipment, high-speed relay protection, automation of emergency management and the introduction of higher-speed switching equipment. One of the reasons for a significant number of serious emergencies in the system is the lack of complete and reliable information for modeling modes in the design and operation of power systems. The development of a mathematical model of a three-phase power line, which provides adequate reflection of both normal and emergency processes, is relevant. The advanced mathematical model of power transmission lines allows to investigate various operational modes of electric networks. The improved mathematical model of the power transmission line reflects all the features of physical processes at state modes and transient process and provides sufficient accuracy of the results. The type of mathematical model of power transmission lines depends on the accepted simplifications, depending on the task of research. The purpose of this work is to analyze the mathematical model of the power transmission line to study the modes of operation of the power supply system, with the possibility of its application to take into account all the design features of overhead and cable power lines. The mathematical model of the power line for the study of the modes of operation of the power supply system is analyzed. It is used to take into account the design features of overhead and cable power lines, skin effect.
A software-hardware complex for controlling a photoelectric system with a battery to provide for the own needs of a local object connected to the grid
Authors:   Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design, O. SHAVOLKIN , I. SHVEDCHYKOVA , H. KRUHLIAK , Y. STANOVSKYI , M. PIDHAYNYY
Published: February 2021

The software and hardware complex for managing the generation and redistribution of energy in a photovoltaic system with a battery, which provides the own needs of the local object connected to the grid with a three-zone tariffication is presented. A decrease in the cost of paying for electricity consumed from the grid is achieved by using cheaper energy during peak hours with matching the load with the generation of a photovoltaic battery and the degree of charge of the battery. There is a proposal to forming
Study of operating conditions and consumption fuel for a gas turbine plant.
Authors:   State Institution of Higher Education «Donetsk National Technical University, E. LYUBIMENKO , A. SHTEPA
Published: February 2021

Carrying out research work to determine the working conditions and determine the fuel consumption in a gas turbine installation. The descriptions of a gas turbine unit operating on gaseous fuel are presented: in normal and standby operating modes. The optimal operating mode of the gas turbine plant is combined: the production of heat and electricity. A study of the operating mode of a gas turbine unit at a constant pressure of 0.1 MPa and a temperature when air enters the compressor of a gas turbine unit with fuel combustion has been carried out. The features of the use of an energy carrier in a gas turbine unit during the year are highlighted and analyzed. The structure and current consumption of natural gas in a gas turbine unit for accounting for the consumption of energy carriers is described. As a result of the study, a substantiation of the concept of calculating the predictive function for accounting for the costs of non-renewable energy resources for a gas turbine plant, used natural gas, is proposed. This, in turn, ensures effective planning and increasing the economic efficiency of the enterprise. All this makes it possible to regulate the modes and costs of using fuel during the operation of a gas turbine unit. A study of the operating mode of the gas turbine unit at a constant pressure of 0.1 MPa and a temperature of 10 ° C was carried out, when the optimal operating mode of the gas turbine unit is the combined production of thermal and electrical energy. The choice of the predicting function by which it is better to forecast the use of the energy carrier for the current year has been proposed and substantiated. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the formulation of the substantiation of the conceptual principles for the construction of a mathematical model of the use and accounting of energy consumption based on the use of predictive functions and recommendations are provided on how to rationally use natural resources. The practical significance of the work lies in forecasting and calculating the volume of natural gas consumption (thousand m3) by the enterprise for the next year, and this, in turn, allows us to adjust the gas consumption for the future and make informed decisions on how it is possible to reduce fuel consumption or use it as efficiently as possible.
The Comparison of Boarding School Student’s Capability in Solving HOTS Question of Islamic History Subject
Authors: Pratiwi Muthia Franika Anggita , Amalia Eka Rizki
Published: February 2021

This research was conducted to determine the ability and the comparison to solve HOTS questions of Islamic History subject of the 11th grades of MAN I and MAN II Surakarta boarding school. The research applied a comparative quantitative method by comparing the ability to solve HOTS questions of Islamic History subject of the 11th grade of MAN I and MAN II Surakarta students. The result reveals that MAN I students’ ability to solve HOTS questions reaches 22% and is categorized as low, 55% of students obtained scores of medium category, and 23% of students are in the high category. Meanwhile, for MAN II students,  14% obtained scores for the low category, 49% for the medium category, and 37% for the high category. There were no significant differences related to the ability to solve HOTS questions of Islamic history of both schools. With HOTS’s evaluation, the students can expand the ability to solve HOTS questions, and the teachers can take into consideration to implement HOTS’s evaluation.
THE ISHANGO BONE: The World's First Known Mathematical Sieve and Table of the Small Prime Numbers
Authors: Kamalu Chukwunyere
Published: February 2021

This paper aims to show that the Ishango bone, one of two bones discovered in the1950s buried in ash on the banks of Lake Edward in Democratic Republic of Congo(formerly Zaire), after a nearby volcanic eruption, is the world's first known mathematicalsieve and table of the small prime numbers. The bone is dated approximately 20,000BC.Key to the demonstration of the sieve is the contention that the ancient Stone Agemathematicians of Ishango in Central Africa conceived of doubling or multiplication by 2in a more primitive mode than modern Computer Age humans, as the process of"copying" of a singular record (that is, a mark created by a stone tool as encountered inStone Age people's daily experience). Similarly, the doubling of any number was, bylogical extension, a process of copying of any number of records (marks) denoting aninteger, thereby doubling the exhibited number (marks). Some evidence for this processof "copying" and thus representing numbers as consisting of "copies" of other numbers,is displayed on the bone and can still be found to exist in the number systems ofmodern Africans in the region.Unlike previous speculations on the use of the bone tool by other studies, the ancientmethod of sieving of the small primes suggested here is notable for unifying (making useand explanation of) all columns of the Ishango bone; whilst all numbers exhibited forman essential part of the primitive mathematical sieve described. Furthermore, it is statedthat the middle column (M) of the bone inscriptions houses the calculations of theIshango Sieve. All numbers deduced in the middle calculation column relate to aprocess of elimination of the non-prime numbers from the sequence of numbers1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10 (although numbers 1 and 2 are omitted). The act of elimination isproven by the display of the numbers deduced in the middle column; namely: 4, 6, 8, 9,and 10 and the subsequent omission of these same numbers from the following listleaving only: 5, 7 at the bottom of column M.This elimination process described above is repeated to obtain the primes 11,13,17,19when eliminating non-primes from the sequence 11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20.However, only calculations for the sequence 1 to 10 (for numbers above 2) aredisplayed in column M; as if to exemplify the Ishango Sieve method for the benefit ofposterity.
ANALISIS NILAI RELIGIUSITAS DALAM NOVEL TUHAN, MAAF ENGKAU KUMADU KARYA AGUK IRAWAN MN
Authors: Aristya Irma Sendy
Published: February 2021

This study aimed to describe the values of religiosity in the novel Tuhan, Maaf Engkau Kumadu byÂ  Aguk Irawan MN. This type of research is qualitative. Metode yang used in this research is the method deslriptif. The results of this study are as follows: First, religious values associated with Qalb or liver (which has the pleasure principle) which is reflected from the main character is that Ridho is a young man who greatly admired her idol Nisa. He always thought of Nisa every second of it, it makes Ridho feel happy. Because kept thinking and shadowing Nisa through dreams regardless of his Lord. Second, Fuad is feeling the most in the so-called conscience, which serves as a store of memory. Fuad demonstrated by Ridho who underwent a drastic change in his life. Now he is getting misguided souls burning would love to Nisa that led to the injury because only love is unrequited. Third, the ego aspect demonstrated by Ridho when he was uniting between feelings of love and compassion through the pieces out as a form hubb (love) to Nisa. Selfishness is done the main character just thinking of the girl regardless of the people around him. And the fourth, aspects of behavior shown by Ridho as the main character is less normal and can not be in the logic of reason. Â Keywords: value,Â  religiosity, novel
KORELASI KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN TEKS EKSPOSISI DENGAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS TEKS EKSPOSISI SISWA KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 1 ULAKAN TAPAKIS
Authors: Furqani Ilham
Published: February 2021

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk (1) menjelaskan tingkat keterampilan membaca pemahaman teks eksposisi siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Ulakan Tapakis, (2) untuk menggambarkan tingkat keterampilan menulis teks eksposisi siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Ulakan Tapakis; dan (3) mendeskripsikan keterakaitan keterampilan membaca pemahaman teks eksposisi dengan keterampilan menulis teks eksposisi siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Ulakan Tapakis. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitaif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif. Penelitian ini menggunakan tes sebagai instrumenya, yaitu tes objektif keterampilan membaca pemahaman dan tes unjuk kerja untuk keterampilan menulis teks eksposisi siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Ulakan Tapakis. Data dalam penelitian ini yaitu skor keterampilan membaca pemahaman dan skor keterampilan menulis teks eksposisi siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Ulakan Tapakis.Â Â  Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Ulakan Tapakis yang tedaftar pada tahun akademik 2019/2020 yang berjumlah 168 orang. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 40 orang. Pengambilan sampel penelitian ini dilakuakn dengan teknik propotional random sampling. Hasil dan pembahasan artikel ini yaitu siswa masih kesulitan dalam menulis teks eksposisi terutama dalam pemilihan diksi yang tepat. Siswa kesulitan dalam menuangkan fakta-fakta dalam tulisan. Dalam membaca pemahaman siswa masih kesulitan dalam menentukan isi yang terdapat dalam bacaan. Katerampilan menulis memberikan sumbangan yang sangat signifikan terhadap keterampilan membaca. Oleh karena itu, keterampilan membaca pemahaman teks eksposisi terhadap keterampilan menulis menulis teks eksposisi siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 1 Ulakan Tapakis memberikan koresional atau hubungan terhadap teks eksposisi tersebut.
Transformasi Novel ke Film 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa karya Hanum Salsabila dan Rangga Almahendra
Authors: Ratih Ayu Imelda
Published: February 2021

ABSTRAKÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  Transformasi Novel ke Film 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa karya Hanum Salsabila dan Rangga AlmahendraÂ Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana transformasi novel ke film 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa karya Hanum salsabila dan Rangga Almahendra berdasarkan kernel dan satelit. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah, (1) Kernel dan satelit novel â€œ99 Cahaya di Langit Eropaâ€ selaku hipogram dari film â€œ99 Cahaya di Langit Eropaâ€, (2)Kernel dan satelit film â€œ99 Cahaya di Langit Eropaâ€Â  sebagai hasil transformasi terhadap novel aslinya, (3)Perbedaan alur pada tranformasi novel dan film â€99 Cahaya di Langit Eropaâ€ berdasarkan kernel dan satelit. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelititian ini adalah metode deskriftif kualitatif.Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  Berdasarkan hasil penelitian mengenai kernel dan satelit novel 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa karya Hanum Salsabila dan Rangga Almahendra dapat diperoleh data kernel sebanyak 31 kernel dan satelit sebanyak 62 satelit, sedangkan data film 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropa menunjukan jumlah kernel sebanyak 40 kernel dan satelit sebanyak70 satelit, dan perbedaan alur cerita pada tranformasi novel dan film 99 Cahaya di Langit Eropamengalami modifikasi, ekspansi dan haplology dan terdapat 22 perbedaan alur (jalan cerita).Â Â Kata Kunci : Tranformasi, Kernel dan SatelitÂ Â Â
EUFEMISME DAN DISFEMISME DALAM RUBRIK BERITA â€œKRIMINALâ€ SURAT KABAR HARIAN MUSI BANYUASIN
Authors: Noepri Noepri
Published: February 2021

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan eufemisme dan disfemisme dalam surat kabar Harian Musi Banyuasin dalam rubrik berita â€œKriminalâ€. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah teknik dokumentasi. Selanjutnya untuk menganalis data digunakan teknik ganti dan teknik perluas.Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan pembahasan dalam penelitian analisis distribusi eufemisme dan disfemisme yang memiliki persamaan dengan bentuk yang digantikannya. Unsur metafora dapat menjadi penentu dalam distribusi disfemisme, karena dapat berpengaruh pada cakupan makna. Berdasarkan analisis kolokasi ditemukan kecenderungan pemakaian eufemisme dan disfemisme yang disebabkan oleh pergeseran kolokasi. Sedangkan makna emotif yang terdapat di dalam analisis eufemisme dan disfemisme adalah makna menguatkan.Berdasarkan analisis distribusi, kolokasi, dan makna emotif dapat dikatakan tidak ada eufemisme dan disfemisme yang bersinonim secara absolut dan sempurna dengan bentuk kebahasaan yang digantikannya. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh perbedaan distribusi, cakupan makna, pergeseran kolokasi dan makna emotif.
MITOLOGI MASYARAKAT JAWA DALAM BUKU PRIMBON BETALJEMUR ADAMMAKNA DI DESA SALEH AGUNG KECAMATAN AIR SALEH
Authors: Trisnawati Yuli , Murniviyanti Liza , Nufus Hayatun
Published: February 2021

ABSTRAKSastra lisan merupakan bagian dari sastra daerah yang disampaikan masyarakat dari mulu-mulut secara lisan dan turun temurun. Salah satu yang merupakan bagian dari sastra lisan adalah Mitos. Mitos adalah hal-hal yang di anggapnya gaib dan jika melanggarnya akan mengakibatkan hal yang fatal. Tujuan dari pada penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui mitos yang ada dalam buku Primbon Betaljemur Adammakna yang ada di Desa Saleh Agung Kecamatan Air Saleh. Alasan peneliti menggunakan mitos adalah sebagai salah satu objek penelitiannya karena masyarakat Jawa masih banyak yang mempercayai mitos yang ada dalam buku Primbon Betaljemur Adammakna. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Untuk mendapatkan data yang dapat diakui kebenarannya peneliti menggunakan teknik observasi, wawancara,dokument. Yang menjadi objek penelitian ini adalah masyarakat yang benar-benar paham akan mitos yang ada dalam buku Primbon Betaljemur Adammakna yang ada di Desa Saleh Agung Kecamatan Air Saleh. Pada penelitian menggunakan teori semiotika yaitu teori yang berkaitan dengan makna.
HUMANISTIK TOKOH DALAM FILM JEMBATAN PENSIL KARYA SUTRADARA HASTO BROTO
Authors: Yulandari Kiki , Murniviyanti Liza , Nufus Hayatun
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan bagaimanakah pemenuhan kebutuhan bertingkat tokoh dalam film Jembatan Pensil karya sutradara Hasto Broto berdasarkan teori psikologi humanistik Abraham Maslow. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Sumber data yang digunakan peneliti terdiri dari sumber data primer, yaitu video film Jembatan Pensil, dan sumber data sekunder yaitu berupa buku-buku, artikel, jurnal dan literatur-literatur yang relevan dengan penelitian ini untuk memperkuat pendapat dan melengkapi hasil penelitian.Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan peneliti yaitu teknik Observasi nonpartisipan, catat dan dokumentasi. Kemudian data yang dianalisis oleh peneliti menggunakan teknik analisis isi (content analysis). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bentuk kebutuhan terdapat pada tokoh dalam film Jembatan Pensil karya sutradara Hasto Broto. Tokoh Ondeng, Aida, Gading dan Pak guru mampu memenuhi semua aspek kebutuhan menurut teori Maslow. Pada tokoh Inal, Azka, Nia, Yanti, Pamone, Arman tidak semua aspek terpenuhi melainkan hanya empat aspek kebutuhan menurut teori Maslow. Pada tokoh Bu Farida, Attar tidak semua aspek terpenuhi melainkan hanya tiga aspek kebutuhan menurut teori Maslow.
WATAK TOKOH, NILAI MORAL, DAN NILAI BUDAYA DALAM NOVEL LOVE SPARKS IN KOREA KARYA ASMA NADIA
Authors: ANDRIYANI ANDRIYANI
Published: February 2021

This study aims to describe the character of the characters, moral values, and cultural values contained in the novel Love Sparks in Korea by Asma Nadia. The method of this research is descriptive qualitative which meant to get figures character, moral values and culture values in Love Sparks in Korea novel by Asma Nadia. Data was collected by library techniques, then recorded in paper based on figures character, moral values and culture values which contained in novel and analyzed. The result of this study are as follows. First, There is thirteen figures character which contained in Love Sparks in Korea novel by Asma Nadia. Second, The strongest moral value which contained in Love Sparks in Korea novel by Asma Nadia is honesty, responsibility, Independently, braverly and modestly. Third, there are culture value which grouped in five relationship patterns, namely: (1) culture value in relationship of human and god; (2) culture value in relationship of human and nature; (3) culture value in relationship fellow human beings; (4) culture value in relationship of human and community; (5) culture value in relationship of human and them self.Keyword : Character, moral values, and cultural values.
PSIKOLOGI SASTRA DALAM NOVEL BULAN TERBELAH DI LANGIT AMERIKA KARYA HANUM SALSABIELA RAIS DAN RANGGA ALMAHENDRA
Authors: Marlina Eni
Published: February 2021

Novel can be understood by studying from various aspects and approach one of them by using approach of Literary Psychology. Research in the Novel of the Moon Split in the sky of America by Hanum Salsabiela Rais and Rangga Almahendra is focused onÂ  Personality figures included in the type of id (Das Es), Ego (Das Ich) and Super Ego (Das Ueber Ich) according to the theory of Sigmund Freud, Based on the results of research related to the study of literary psychology in novel Moon Splitted in the Sky American by Hanum Salsabiela Rais and Rangga Almahendra can be put forward as follows (1) Story in the novel of the Moon Split in the Sky America The work of Hanum Salsabiela Rais and Rangga Almahendra is centered on the central figure, whereas the additional figure of the writer described by the author is seen as a result of the actions performed by the main mat (2) the personality of the figure based on Singmund Freud's theory in the novel of the Spherical Moon in the Sky America In accordance with the problem formulation that is (a) aspect Id (Ice Dai) which includes change facial expression to (B) Ego (Das Ich) which is the nature and feelings of the characters such as the feeling of annoyance, sadness, and sadness , Tortured, and happy, (c) Super ego (Das Ueber Ich) embodied in the form of interaction of the characters with others, remind each other in the goodness, and the internal conflict that occurs within the characters and kinflik that occur between characters with characters Others.Â Keywords: Psychology, Literature, Moon novel Split in American Skies
Transfer hydrogenation of benzaldehyde over embedded copper nanoparticles
Authors: Co Thanh Thien
Published: February 2021

Transfer hydrogenation is one of the reactions of high industrial application and copper catalyst is widely used in variety of hydrgenated substrates. Unfortunately, these hydrogenated processes were usually performed at high temperature and pressure as well as high concentration of catalyst. In this study, we have tried to reduce the dangerous condition by using copper nanoparticles as catalyst and the catalytic activity will be evaluated via the transfer hydrogenation of benzaldehyde. Besides, copper nanoparticles were successful prepared by the reduction between CuSO4.5H2O and NaBH4 in the presence of PVP. All catalysts were fully characterized.
DEMOCRATIZING LOCAL GOVERNMENT: WHAT MALAYSIA CAN LEARN FROM MEXICO AND INDIA
Authors: Murugasu Sheila
Published: February 2021

The Pakatan Harapan 2018 election manifesto, had as one of its commitments, to strengthen the authority of local government and to make local councils more accountable. Many took this to mean that local government elections would resume, after an absence of more than 60 years. While Pakatan Harapan’s tenure as Malaysia’s ruling government was short-lived, their rise to power did put local government back in the spotlight, as well as raise the prospect of the resumption of local government elections in the country. There are a number of reasons why a more democratic and participatory approach to local government is to be hoped for in Malaysia. These include the view that it discourages public malfeasance and produces local officials that are more responsive to the needs of the citizens they serve. There are however challenges that come with introducing a more democratic form of local government, especially for countries which are attempting to transition from authoritarianism to a democracy at the national level and which have a diverse multi-ethnic population of differing socio-economic backgrounds. In order to better understand what these challenges are and how they can be overcome, I examine two case studies, that of Mexico and India, which have some similarities to Malaysia in terms of regime-type and demographics. I consider the evolving approach taken by these two countries towards local government, in terms of their structure and practices, with a view to gleaning potential lessons for Malaysia. This paper begins with a brief historical overview of the system of local government in Malaysia up to the present day. This is then followed by a discussion of Mexico and India’s own uneven experience with democratizing their local governments. What these case studies reveal is the manner in which countries with an authoritarian past often undergo a transitional period, in which even as structures of local governance become more democratic, local officials and citizens remain trapped in old authoritarian modes of behavior. And that unless interventionist steps are taken, democratizing local government structures alone, does not necessarily lead to greater citizen empowerment, especially for those from the more marginalized sections of society.
FACEBOOK FOR INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION: THE FOREIGN STUDENTS’ EXPERIENCE
Authors: Raja Zainal Hassan Raja Rodziah , Hassan Nor Azlili , Sallehuddin Iza Sharina , Abdul Aziz Nik Norazira
Published: February 2021

Computer-mediated communication is an integral part of how people communicate in today’s modern society. The impact of social media on intercultural competency is a new territory that is beginning to interest scholars and researchers. Part and parcel of a foreign university student’s experience in a host country are managing cultural differences. Understanding how foreign university students use computer-mediated communication will provide insights into the impacts of social media (Facebook) on intercultural learning experiences. The aims of this study are: 1) to analyse the experience of foreign university students in using Facebook to communicate with their local peers 2) to examine Facebook usage pattern(s) among foreign university students in Malaysia, and; 3) to determine the level of intercultural competency among foreign university students in Malaysia. The study employs the Intercultural Sensitivity Scale (ISS) developed by Chen and Starosta (2000) in analysing how foreign university students in Malaysia use Facebook as part of a platform in learning and coping with cultural differences. This study analyses data from a survey of 210 foreign university students in Klang Valley, Malaysia. The findings from this study illustrated that the majority of foreign university students enjoy communicating with their local peers who are from different cultures using Facebook. The findings highlight that foreign university students are confident when communicating with their local friends and they are culturally competent. This is examined from the online interactions with their local peers and the Facebook usage pattern developed from their experience.
Complexity of Barriers to Biogas Digester Dissemination in Indonesia
Authors: Budiman Ibnu
Published: February 2021

In the global south, the use of firewood and LPG as dominant energy sources for cooking contributes to socio-ecological issues. Alternatively, biogas is considered a cleaner energy source generated from organic waste. However, in Indonesia, until 2018, only less than 2 percent of households utilized biogas for cooking fuel. This research aims to explore the landscape of biogas governance in Indonesia, its fragmentation and its relation with biodigester dissemination. This study found that there is fragmentation within small-medium scale national biogas programs in Indonesia. Seven national government biogas programs have similar governance arrangements and characteristics; scattered in different departments within the ministry, using the grant approach with two main vendors, often overlapping with local government programs and not providing proper monitoring and evaluation mechanism, as well as proper training for users. Meanwhile, the biogas program by a non-government organization utilizes a semi-commercial approach; collaborating with multiple stakeholders (governments, local construction partner organizations, cooperatives and private sectors-companies and banks); and has standardized training and after-sale services. Within those biogas programs, there are multiple barriers along the supply chain process of biodigester dissemination. These barriers relate to the governance aspect of biogas programs. Fragmented governance affected the capability of each program to tackle barriers in biogas digester dissemination.
About the Special Issue on the Occasion of the 70th Anniversary
of the European Convention on Human Rights
Authors: Izarova Iryna , Kravtsov Serhij
Published: February 2021

There are seven contributors to the main research articles in this issue, a few research articles in this issue are devoted to the Ukrainian experience of applying the Convention. A few notes have been added to this issue due to their relevance to the Convention’s anniversary.
In the last part of this note, the attention was drawn to the cover, where we have tried to illustrate the sense of the Convention and its role in civil society evolution during the last seven decades. The Pete Mondrian's new art was given as a point of new justice, ‚because the equality of plastic tools in a composition shows that everyone can be equal among equals’ (Pete Mondrian)
ANÁLISE DO TRABALHO PRISIONAL APLICADO A RESSOCIALIZAÇÃO DO PRESO
Authors: Panceri Thaise , Ries Winck Daniela
Published: February 2021

O trabalho é uma das principais ferramentas para a ressocialização dos apenados, previsto no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. Porém, o sistema carcerário enfrenta inúmeras dificuldades estruturais que desfavorecem a prática do trabalho pelos presos e os priva desta forma imprescindível de aprendizado e produção, com consequências negativas para o detento e sociedade. O presente estudo exploratório foi realizado através do estudo de caso de uma Unidade Prisional Avançada de Santa Catarina, buscando conhecer as formas de trabalho oferecidas aos apenados e se estas atividades atendem aos aspectos que envolvem a ressocialização dos presos pelo trabalho. A Unidade prisional em tela comporta 175 presos em regime provisório, destes, 15.42% tem a oportunidade de trabalhar em atividades do fundo rotativo (cozinha e manutenção) produção de embalagens em uma empresa privada e serviços gerais no batalhão da Polícia Militar. Os dados obtidos demonstram uma parte das mazelas enfrentadas pelo sistema penitenciário brasileiro, no que tange as estratégias insatisfatórias de ressocialização através do trabalho, mesmo havendo esforços empreendidos pela direção da Unidade Prisional a fim de aumentar as vagas de trabalho, melhorar as condições e garantir os direitos dos apenados.
O ISOLAMENTO SOCIAL NA PANDEMIA DO CORONAVÍRUS E O AUMENTO DE VIOLÊNCIA SEXUAL CONTRA CRIANÇAS E ADOLESCENTES
Authors: Schlickmann Flávio , Schmitt Siqueira Mendes Marisa , Borgo Koch Schlickman Rafaela
Published: February 2021

O presente artigo, possui como linha de pesquisa Estado, Sociedade e Políticas Públicas, versando sobre a violência contra as crianças e adolescentes na sociedade brasileira. A violência se manifesta de diversas formas, sendo elas físicas, psicológica, negligência e abandono e a violência sexual. A mais gravosa das formas de violência é a sexual, que impõe as crianças e aos adolescentes sofrimentos permanentes em razão dos atos praticados. A legislação penal sobre o assunto é vasta e tipifica a conduta tanto no Código Penal, pelo estupro de vulnerável ou mesmo pelos crimes previstos no Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente. No contexto atual de isolamento social, causado pela pandemia do Coronavírus (Covid-19), o presente artigo busca analisar se houve aumento de violências sexuais contra crianças e adolescentes sob a ótica do Direito Penal. Com relação à metodologia empregada, adotou-se o método indutivo de pesquisa, o qual parte da análise de casos específicos para se chegar à conclusão do tema.

PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Criança e adolescente. Violência Sexual. Pandemia
A RESPONSABILIDADE SOCIAL DO EMPREGADOR DURANTE A PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
Authors: De Andrade Barbosa Santos de Mesquita Alessandra , Afonso de Mesquita Evandro
Published: February 2021

O Trabalho possui a finalidade de trazer a temática da Responsabilidade Social do Empregador, com a busca dos direitos sociais e fundamentais aliados ao Princípio da Fraternidade, princípio evidenciado no Preâmbulo da Constituição Federal/88. Uma manifestação para estímulo e concretização de conduta ética e consciente frente ao estado de calamidade pública decretado pelo Governo Federal, com foco nas consequências sobre o trabalhador, suas condições de trabalho, remuneração e segurança e saúde no trabalho. Uma indução necessária a uma nova visão sobre a empresa e os seus modos de funcionamento, uma visão mais ampla, com uma maior presença sobre a envolvente externa e questionamentos sobre quais os limites de ação da empresa. Por outro lado, trazer uma dimensão social e ética aos componentes de riqueza/lucro da empresa. O cenário global presente vem promovendo diversas remodelagens, mormente no Direito do Trabalho, após advento da COVID-19 que vem ameaçando a população mundial. O ordenamento jurídico brasileiro concebeu o direito à saúde como um direito social a partir da CF/88, impondo como direito de todos e dever do Estado além de políticas sociais e econômicas que visem à redução do risco de doença devendo dar essa garantia a todos os Cidadãos, tendo como o direito social que se encontram diretamente conectado ao princípio da dignidade e que é indispensável para uma vida saudável e digna. Busca-se no Princípio da Função Social da Empresa como um dos deveres fundamentais do empregador, com maior desempenho social perante a comunidade, dentre ela as entidades que exercem atividades empresariais.
Pengaruh Pendapatan Asli Daerah dan Dana Perimbangan terhadap Belanja Modal di Kabupaten/Kota Provinsi Sumatera Utara
Authors: Malau Eve Ida , Calen Calen , Siregar Victor Marudut Mulia , Saragih Kharisma Yudha
Published: February 2021

The objective of the research was to analyze the influence of original local revenue and balance funds partially on the capital expenditure in districts / towns of North Sumatra Province. The amount of capital expenditure for each region varies according to the size of the region and the needs of the region. The realization of capital expenditure in each region can show the economic progress of a region. Based on data that the author obtained from the website of the Director-General of Fiscal Balance, there is still a capital expenditure budget that has not been maximally realized for regional development The population was 33 districts / towns of North Sumatra Province years of 2010-2018 and population will be used as sample. The data were processed by using panel data regression statistical method. The result of the research that original local revenue and balance fund had positive and significant influence on the capital expenditure in districts / towns of North Sumatra Province.
Нормативное регулирование безопасности водных объектов
Authors: Pastukhov Sergey M. , Osmanov Khikmet S. , Mikanovich Dmitriy S.
Published: February 2021

Цель. Провести анализ нормативного регулирования безопасности гидротехнических сооружений (водохранилищ, шламохранилищ, водоемов технического назначения) в странах Центральной Азии для определения правовых основ по организации их безопасной эксплуатации. Обосновать основные направления по улучшению системы обеспечения безопасности и надежности гидротехнических сооружений напорного фронта.

Методы. Метод теоретического анализа литературных источников применен при проведении оценки нормативно-правовой базы стран Центральной Азии в области обеспечения безопасности гидротехнических сооружений различного типа. Выполнена обработка полученных результатов с использованием метода оценивания и теоретического обобщения полученных данных.

Результаты. Установлено, что регулирование отношений в сфере безопасной эксплуатации гидротехнических сооружений в странах центральной Азии осуществляется на основе общего законодательства по водному хозяйству, энергетике и экологии. В данных законодательных актах определены правовые основы по организации безопасной эксплуатации различных типов гидротехнических сооружений, однако отсутствуют механизмы (способы), позволяющие произвести оценку риска возникновения чрезвычайных ситуаций на сооружениях напорного фронта (водохранилищ, шламохранилищ, водоемов технического назначения) с учетом всех особенностей (мест расположения, способов регулирования, гранулометрического состава грунтов, химического состава фильтрующейся жидкости). Таким образом, актуальной задачей является разработка методики оценки риска возникновения гидродинамических аварий на сооружениях напорного фронта с учетом их отличительных особенностей.

Область применения исследований. Результаты исследований могут быть использованы при комплексной оценке состояния гидротехнических сооружений Министерством природных ресурсов, а также Министерством по чрезвычайным ситуациям при разработке средне- и долгосрочных прогнозов возникновения чрезвычайных ситуаций.
Генератор наносекундных импульсов накачки для активно-импульсной системы видения в дыму и расчет дальности ее действия
Authors: Surikov Andrey V. , Leshenyuk Nikolay S. , Kuleshov Vladimir K.
Published: February 2021

Цель. Разработать генератор наносекундных импульсов для его применения в составе активно-импульсной системы видения в условиях пожара и провести анализ влияния уменьшения энергии импульса лазерной подсветки и спектральной чувствительности электронно-оптического преобразователя системы на дальность ее действия.

Методы. Значения амплитуды импульса, формируемого разработанным генератором, определялись экспериментально. Зависимости изменения дальности действия активно-импульсной системы видения от энергии импульса лазерного излучателя и спектральной чувствительности электронно-оптического преобразователя определялись расчетным методом.

Результаты. Разработан генератор наносекундных импульсов, позволяющий формировать импульсы тока амплитудой до 60 А, длительностью по уровню 0,5 τ ≥2 нс с фронтами 3–1,4 нс. Представлен аналитический метод расчета дальности действия активно-импульсной системы видения, позволяющий определять данный параметр с учетом длины волны зондирующего излучения и динамики пожара. Представлены результаты теоретического анализа дальности действия активно-импульсной системы видения при изменении энергии импульса подсветки лазерного прожектора и спектральной чувствительности электронно-оптического преобразователя системы.

Область применения исследований. Результаты исследования могут быть применены при разработке технических средств, предназначенных для формирования изображения объекта в условиях задымления.