bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does spending on social-welfare policies reduce poverty? An assessment of the European Union countries using impulse-response and efficiency methods
Authors:   Polski Instytut Ekonomiczny, Kutwa Krzysztof , Sawulski Jakub ,   Kolegium Ekonomiczno-Społeczne, Szkoła Główna Handlowa
Published: July 2022

Purpose – An attempt to answer two questions: (i) does spending on social-welfare policies constitute a statistically-significant impulse for reducing poverty among various risk groups in the EU countries? And (ii) what is the level of efficiency of social spending when it comes to reducing various problems associated with poverty in the EU member states? Research method – Two research methods: Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and extended Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) are used. Results – It is established that social-welfare policies in most of the EU countries create a sufficient impulse to reduce poverty among elderly people and survivors, families with children and the unemployed. However, the impulse is often not sufficient in the case of people with problems in meeting housing needs, as well as the sick or disabled. What is more, the relative efficiency of social-welfare spending in some of the EU countries is low, which suggest that better outcomes may be achieved not only by increasing the spending, but also by improving the policies among current amount of funds. Surprisingly, the best-performing countries in reducing the poverty by social-welfare policies include, next to Denmark and Finland, also some Central and Eastern European countries: the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia. Originality/value/implications/recommendations – The research extends the knowledge on the efficiency and effectiveness of government activities for the purpose of limiting poverty.
Produktywność polskiego szkolnictwa średniego
Authors:   Wydział Ekonomii i Finansów, Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wrocławiu, Gałecka Małgorzata
Published: July 2022

Purpose – The article’s aim is to identify the differences in the passing of the matura exams in towns and villages of individual provinces, as well as the differences in the educational productivity of general secondary schools and vocational schools. Research method – Using econometric techniques, the variables of the quality of education were assessed in the years 2011–2018. To measure the change in productivity over time and the impact of resources on secondary education in Poland, the Malmquist Total Productivity Index was calculated along with its decomposition. Results – The presented research shows that the analysis of the spatial differentiation of educational achievements can provide important information about the functioning of education, as well as about the connection of education with other cultural processes and socio-economic development. It also indicates the important role of technology in rural education. The influence of technological systems is especially visible in vocational schools in rural areas, where the productivity of education is the highest. Technology played a slightly less important role in high schools in urban areas. Originality /value / implications /recommendations – The results of the research can be helpful as regards the challenge faced by educators of rural areas.
Protamines: lessons learned from mouse models
Authors: Arévalo Lena , Esther Merges Gina , Schneider Simon , Schorle Hubert
Published: July 2022

In brief

Protamines package and shield the paternal DNA in the sperm nucleus and have been studied in many mouse models over decades. This review recapitulates and updates our knowledge about protamines and reveals a surprising complexity in protamine function and their interactions with other sperm nuclear proteins.

The packaging and safeguarding of paternal DNA in the sperm cell nucleus is a critical feature of proper sperm function. Histones cannot mediate the necessary hypercondensation and shielding of chromatin required for motility and transit through the reproductive tracts. Paternal chromatin is therefore reorganized and ultimately packaged by protamines. In most mammalian species, one protamine is present in mature sperm (PRM1). In rodents and primates among others, however, mature sperm contain a second protamine (PRM2). Unlike PRM1, PRM2 is cleaved at its N-terminal end. Although protamines have been studied for decades due to their role in chromatin hypercondensation and involvement in male infertility, key aspects of their function are still unclear. This review updates and integrates our knowledge of protamines and their function based on lessons learned from mouse models and starts to answer open questions. The combined insights from recent work reveal that indeed both protamines are crucial for the production of functional sperm and indicate that the two protamines perform distinct functions beyond simple DNA compaction. Loss of one allele of PRM1 leads to subfertility whereas heterozygous loss of PRM2 does not. Unprocessed PRM2 seems to play a distinct role related to the eviction of intermediate DNA-bound proteins and the incorporation of both protamines into chromatin. For PRM1, on the other hand, heterozygous loss leads to strongly reduced sperm motility as the main phenotype, indicating that PRM1 might be important for processes ensuring correct motility, apart from DNA compaction.
Time for a Cool Change: Getting off on the Right Foot in a New Job
Authors: Tribble Curt
Published: July 2022

As a Thoracic Surgery resident approaching the end of your training, you may well have been in a single training program, perhaps mostly in a single hospital, for nearly a quarter of your life at the time of your graduation from residency. In a few months you will be going to work in other institutions in which you, obviously, have never worked. This transition will be challenging at best, and discombobulating at worst. You have been ‘swimming in the water’ of one place, likely taking a lot of that environment for granted, much as the young fish, described by David Foster Wallace in his book entitled This Is Water, did not comprehend the ‘environment’ in which they were living. [Wallace, 2009]
Gestión logística y su relación con la rentabilidad de empresas constructoras en la provincia de San Román, Puno
Authors: Paricahua Laura Helen Rossi
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: Determinar de qué manera la gestión logística se relaciona con la rentabilidad de las empresas constructoras en la provincia de San Román, Puno. Método: El tipo de estudio fue correlacional, con un diseño no experimental y enfoque cuantitativo. La muestra fue integrada por 53 empresas constructoras de la provincia de San Román. Se empleó una encuesta de 33 preguntas con respuestas valorativas de 5 alternativas. Se realizó la prueba de correlación de Spearman entre las variables gestión logística y rentabilidad de empresas constructoras. Resultados: Se encontró una correlación positiva alta entre las variables de estudio con un valor significativo 0,000 que es inferior al grado de significancia 0,05. Conclusión: La gestión logística se relaciona directamente con la rentabilidad de empresas constructoras de la provincia de San Román, debido a que tiene una alta correlación positiva entre ambas variables. Así también, a mayor control en la gestión de compras y gestión de inventarios, mayor rentabilidad.
Cuatro aproximaciones a la experiencia subjetiva desde la metodología de investigación fenomenológica hermenéutica
Authors: Pacheco Pacheco Cristóbal , Fossa Arcila Pablo
Published: July 2022

En el presente artículo se realizó una aproximación a los planteamientos centrales a la metodología fenomenológica hermenéutica, como modo de acercamiento a la vivencia subjetiva particular. Es sobre la base de los planteamientos de filósofos tales como Husserl (2012), Heidegger (2020) y Merleau-Ponty (1945), que han surgido posibilidades de acercamiento a la construcción propia de la realidad a nivel particular, lo cual reviste un interesante campo de estudio. Este estudio realiza una revisión sistemática de cuatro formas de aproximación a la experiencia particular desde una dimensión fenomenológica y hermenéutica. Las metodologías consideradas son las siguientes: el paradigma de las ciencias humanas para el estudio fenomenológico de Max Van Manen (1990); el método descriptivo fenomenológico en psicología de Amedeo Giorgi (1986, 2009); la entrevista microfenomenológica de Claire Petitmengin (2006) y el Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) de Jonathan Smith y Mike Osborn (2003).  Como conclusiones del presente estudio, se visualiza la necesidad de lograr una mayor estructuración metodológica que respete, a la vez, la tradición de un acercamiento desprejuiciado al estudio de los fenómenos, propios de la fenomenología y hermenéutica.
Factores de los estilos de crianza parental como mediadores en la relación entre la resiliencia y calidad de vida en universitarios
Authors: Córdova Gonzales Luis A. , Becerra Flores Sara N. , Chávez Santamaría Alexandra , Ortiz Salazar Nicool G. , Franco Mendoza Josué M.
Published: July 2022

El objetivo de nuestro estudio fue el de analizar la incidencia de los estilos de crianza parental como factores mediadores en la relación entre la resiliencia y calidad de vida en estudiantes de una universidad pública de Lima. Para ello, se contó con la participación de 360 personas, entre varones y mujeres cuya edad promedio fue de 26.5 años (DE = 2.19). Empleamos un diseño multivariante, explicativo con variables observables en dos modelos de regresión para definir efectos de mediación del afecto y las exigencias como factores de los estilos de crianza parental sobre la relación entre las otras variables del estudio. Contemplando la adecuación de las medidas de los instrumentos empleados con evidencias sólidas de validez y confiabilidad, los resultados obtenidos refirieron efectos estadísticamente significativos de ambos factores para la relación, explicando el primero hasta un 56 % del efecto total entre las variables (a*b = .16 [I.C. = .13-.21], c = .39) y el segundo, un 45 % (a´*b´ = .14 [I.C. = .09-.17], c´ = .32), considerándose ambos de gran tamaño. Concluimos que los efectos de los factores fueron determinantes en la calidad de las medidas de correlación entre la resiliencia y calidad de vida en los participantes del estudio.
Parámetros tecnológicos de la lana de ovinos en razas importadas obtenidas mediante transferencia de embriones, criados bajo las condiciones de la sierra central del Perú
Authors: Pantoja Aliaga César , Aliaga G. Jorge , Trillo Zárate Fritz , Bermúdez A. W. , Morales S. E. , Yali R. F. , Pariona C. D.
Published: July 2022

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar los parámetros tecnológicos de la lana de razas ovina de lana y carne obtenidas por transferencia de embriones provenientes de Australia, y destinadas para la mejora de rebaños ovejeros de la sierra central del Perú. El estudio se llevó a cabo en el Centro Experimental Casaracra de la Universidad Nacional Daniel Alcides Carrión, Región Junín, Perú, a 3772 msnm. Las razas fueron East Friesian, Poll Dorset, Corriedale, Texel, Merino Dohne y Finnish Landrace. El modelo aditivo lineal incluyó los factores raza, sexo, edad y región corporal de muestreo como característica propia, mientras que las interacciones fueron consideradas residuales. Se encontró una asociación inversa el diámetro de fibra con la curvatura del rizo (-0.59) y con el factor de confort (-0.98), así como entre la curvatura del rizo con longitud de mecha (-0.43). La asociación fue directa entre el factor de confort con la curvatura del rizo (0.55). Las hembras (28.5±0.42 µm), los dientes de leche (26.4±0.95 µm) y Merino Dohne (18.5±0.45 µm) evidenciaron un menor diámetro de fibra en comparación a los machos, otros grupos etarios y razas, respectivamente. El Merino Dohne puede ser implementado en rebaños mejorados de finura media (Finnish Landrace, Corriedale), mientras el East Friesian, Texel, Poll Dorset y el cruce de Texel con Poll Dorset podrían ser introducidos en rebaños criollos.
Sobreduración y situación académica de los ingresantes a la Escuela Profesional de Medicina Veterinaria de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos en el periodo 2004-2013
Authors: Perales Camacho Rosa , Sandoval-Monzón Rocío , Villarreal Yupton Lucía , Ruiz-García Luis
Published: July 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la sobreduración del programa de estudio y la situación académica de los ingresantes de la Escuela Profesional de Medicina Veterinaria (EPMV) de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. El estudio realizó el seguimiento de los ingresantes entre 2004 y 2013, hayan o no culminado los estudios. El tiempo de titulación formal fue establecido en siete años (Índice de sobreduración formal = 1.0) y el tiempo de titulación oportuna en ocho años (Índice de sobreduración oportuna = 1.0). Para 2022, 78% de los ingresantes culminaron sus estudios, el 21% había abandonado los estudios y el 42% contaba con título profesional. El tiempo promedio desde el ingreso hasta la obtención del título profesional fue de 10.1 años. El índice de sobreduración formal fue de 1.45, por lo que, los egresados necesitaron 45% más tiempo (cerca de 3 años) para lograr su titulación, en tanto que el índice de sobreduración oportuna fue solo de 1.27. En conclusión, se registra un bajo porcentaje de egresados titulados en la EPMV.
Parámetros genéticos de rasgos productivos de cuyes (Cavia porcellus) de las líneas Saños y Mantaro
Authors: Julio Cruz Danny , Passuni Huayta Jorge , Corredor Flor-Anita , Pascual Mariam
Published: July 2022

El objetivo del estudio fue estimar los componentes de varianzas, la heredabilidad y correlaciones genéticas y fenotípicas de los rasgos productivos de las líneas de cuyes Saños y Mantaro, desarrolladas en la Estación Experimental Agraria Santa Ana, Junín (Perú). Se calculó además la consanguinidad de las dos líneas. Se analizaron los registros desde 2017 a 2020. Se evaluaron los rasgos productivos de peso al nacimiento (PN), al destete (PD), a la semana 4 (P4), semana 8 (P8) y semana 13 (P13) de 1622 y 1874 cuyes de la línea Saños y Mantaro, respectivamente. La estimación de los componentes de varianza se realizó mediante modelos unicaracter, mientras que la estimación de las correlaciones genéticas y fenotípicas se dio mediante modelos bivariados. Los efectos fijos considerados en el modelo fueron el sexo (S), total de nacidos (TN), número de parto (NP) y temporada de parto de la madre (Tp). El efecto animal y camada constituyeron los componentes aleatorios dentro del modelo. Para PN y PD, se incluyó también como componente aleatorio el efecto materno. La consanguinidad media poblacional fue 0.67 y 0.18% para la línea Saños y Mantaro, respectivamente. Las heredabilidades de los rasgos productivos fueron 0.16 ± 0.02 y 0.13 ± 0.03 para PN, 0.18 ± 0.03 y 0.20 ± 0.05 para PD, 0.18 ± 0.04 y 0.14 ± 0.04 para P4, 0.13 ± 0.03 y 0.14 ± 0.03 para P8 y, 0.13 ± 0.03 y 0.12 ± 0.03 para P13 para las líneas Saños y Mantaro, respectivamente. La heredabilidad materna para el PN y PD en ambas líneas resultaron menores a 0.10. Las correlaciones genéticas para las líneas Saños y Mantaro fueron 0.53 ± 0.02 y 0.93 ± 0.06 para PN y PD, 0.85 ± 0.03 y 0.94 ± 0.05 para PD y P4, 0.84 ± 0.03 y 0.74 ± 0.05 para P4 y P8 y, 0.83 ± 0.05 y 0.75 ± 0.05 para P8 y P13. El ratio de la varianza debida a la camada con respecto a la varianza fenotípica varió desde 49% hasta 64%, siendo mayor la contribución en el PD de ambas líneas. Tanto las heredabilidades como la ratio de la varianza debida a la camada con respecto a la varianza fenotípica resultaron similares entre ambas líneas de cuyes.
Conocimiento de la población peruana acerca de las acciones que componen la triada preventiva de la rabia transmitida por mordedura de canes domésticos
Authors: León Daphne , Amarista Manuel , Falcón Néstor
Published: July 2022

El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el conocimiento de la población peruana acerca de las acciones que componen la triada preventiva de la rabia que fueron reportados en la Encuesta Nacional de Programas Presupuestales 2020. Las variables independientes fueron los departamentos del país (incluye Callao), área (urbana y rural), región geográfica (costa, sierra y selva) y estratos sociodemográficos (A, B, C, D y E) urbanos. El estudio recuperó información de 52 791 encuestas, encontrándose que el componente de la triada preventiva reconocido con mayor frecuencia fue el acudir al establecimiento de salud (85.4%), seguido por lavarse la herida con abundante agua y jabón (43.1%) y, por último, identificar al animal agresor (15.5%). Estos componentes fueron reconocidos con mayor frecuencia en área urbana y en la costa del país. Se encontró una correlación positiva y directa entre el conocimiento de los componentes de la triada preventiva y el nivel socioeconómico. Entre los departamentos endémicos a rabia, Arequipa presentó una mejor proporción de respuestas favorables en comparación a Puno. Se concluye que es necesario difundir el conocimiento de los componentes de la triada preventiva, especialmente en zonas endémicas a rabia canina, a fin de incrementar las actitudes y prácticas que impacten en la reducción del riesgo de la transmisión del virus y el desarrollo de la enfermedad en humanos.
The Language of Returning Emigrant Children: Preliminary Insights
Authors: Bikelienė Lina , Juknevičienė Rita , Poderienė Nida , Pribušauskaitė Joana , Tamulionienė Aurelija
Published: July 2022

The article overviews the Lithuanian language of returning emigrant children. It is based on the project “Linguistic Integration of Returning Emigrant Children: Proficiency in Lithuanian and its Development” (RCL Agreement No. S-REP-21-1), implemented in 2021–2022. The data were selected from two Lithuanian language children’s corpora (returning emigrant children (KG) and permanently residing in Lithuania children (KL)) collected during the project at eight Lithuanian schools. The corpora consist of the Lithuanian language production by children aged 8–12 who returned to Lithuania from English-speaking countries 1–2 years ago and by their peers in Lithuania. The article aims to identify differences in the linguistic expression of KG and KL by comparing the word frequency lists and overviewing verb, noun, and adjective. The quantitative findings show no significant differences in the use of the selected parts of speech. The results suggest that according to the available language skills and competences, the returning emigrant children can communicate on everyday topics quite freely, and their linguistic expression is similar to the language of their peers in Lithuania.
IMPEDANCE BOUNDARY CONDITION OF NON-UNIFORM ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD PENETRATION INTO CONDUCTING HALF-SPACE
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Vasetsky Yu.M.
Published: July 2022

The influence of the non-uniformity of the external field to its distribution on the surface of the conducting half-space is investigated on the basis of exact analytical and approximate asymptotic calculation methods of an arbitrary three-dimensional electromagnetic field. The function that generalizes the impedance boundary condition for diffusion of non-uniform field into conducting body is proposed. On the basis of calculations results comparison by exact and approximate methods for concrete model of electromagnetic system the admissible value of the upper limit of the introduced small parameter is established. References 10, figures 5.
MODEL OF OPTIMAL USE OF HYDRO POWER PLANTS IN THE ELECTRICITY MARKET
Authors:   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine, Blinov I.V. , Olefir D.O. ,   JSC «Market Operator», Petliura Simon Street, 27, Kyiv, 01032, Ukraine, Parus Ye.V. ,   Institute of Electrodynamics National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, pr. Peremohy, 56, Kyiv, 03057, Ukraine
Published: July 2022

A mathematical model for optimizing the activity of the PJSC «Ukrhydroenergo» cascade of hydroelectric power plants in the segments of the electricity market is described. This model is built taking into account the limitations on the use of available water resources. The structure of the mathematical model as an objective function of maximizing the benefits of electricity sale and the system of restrictions of equality and inequality is presented. This function takes into account the economic and technical characteristics of power plant equipment, as well as the balance of hydro resources. Peculiarities of taking into account prices in electricity market segments are shown. The main technological constraints of hydraulic units and power plants are described. The structure of the system of restrictions on the use of water resources is reflected, taking into account changes in the levels of reservoir occupancy. The main approaches to the use of the proposed model to solve the problems of planning the participation of the cascade of hydropower plants in the auction of the electricity market are presented. References 16, figures 2.
Systematic Compilation/Evaluation of Reduced B(E3) Transition Probabilities and Configurations of Octupole (∆I=3) Isomers in Mass A~200 Region
Authors: Rawat Prerna Singh , Kumar S , Chutani H. , Goyal M.
Published: July 2022

Background: Strong octupole correlations are observed in mass  region giving rise to a number of isomeric states decaying via  type of transition involving  interacting orbitals. Theoretically, the  and  neutron orbitals or the  and  proton orbitals are predicted to be involved in these enhanced  decays.

Purpose: This work reports on the systematics of reduced transition probabilities and configurations of octupole isomers in order to compare them based on their structures such as even-even, even-odd, odd-even and odd-odd.

Methods: The data for a total of  isomers is collected from the ENSDF/XUNDL Database of NNDC. The reduced  transition probabilities are evaluated and compiled using the available data on half-life and branching ratios of the isomeric states having pure  decay. In about  cases, we have also evaluated the half-lives to get their adopted value to obtain the  transition probability by RULER program.

Results:  A systematic variation in the reduced  transition strength is discussed as a function of neutron and proton number to see the contribution/effect from the core particles. An enhancement is observed experimentally for the isomeric states involving the  and  neutron orbitals or the  and  proton orbitals

Conclusions: The enhanced  transitions rates are observed in nuclei having configurations with octupole effects.
Charge Radius And Neutron Skin Thickness Of Platinum And Osmium Isotopes Near The Nuclear Drip Lines
Authors: A V Anjana , Thomas Nicemon , Joseph Antony
Published: July 2022

Background: The density distributions of exotic nuclei are different from that of stable nuclei. For stable nuclei, charge radii can be obtained through electron scattering experiments. The excessive neutrons in neutron-rich nuclei make a decoupling of neutron and proton distribution and as a result nuclear skin structures are appeared.Purpose: The charge radius and the way by which nucleons are distributed can provide information about size, surface thickness and shell structure of nuclei. The information collected from such nuclei can be used for astrophysical studies to understand the origin of heavy elements.
Methods: In the present study, we have made an attempt to investigate the charge radii, rms radii and skin thickness of Pt and Os isotopes. Here, the calculations were made by using the HFB solver which utilizes HO single-particle basis and iteratively diagonalizes the HFB Hamiltonian based on the Skyrme forces.Results: Here we can observe an increase in charge radius, rms radius and skin thickness with neutron number. The charge radii calculated are in good agreement with the experimental data and predictions of RCHB model. A linear dependence of skin thickness on neutron number is observed with the change in slope is noticed around N =126.Conclusion: Using HFB theory, we have analyzed the charge radius and neutron skin thickness of Pt and Os isotopes. The drip line nuclei have larger charge radius in comparison to the stable nuclei. The redistribution of the nucleons due to addition of neutrons leads to the gradual increase in neutron skin. The sudden increase of skin thickness may be due to the extra stability and shell closure around the magic number.
Radii of Thorium Nuclides Lying in Between the Drip Lines
Authors: E UMMUKULSU , Joseph Prof Antony
Published: July 2022

Background: Nuclear rms radii give information about the nuclear structure, nuclear shape, deformation etc. Microscopic methods are widely used for the study of nuclear structure properties. Hartree-Fock method with an effective interaction of Skyrme force is used for studying the nuclear structure properties.Purpose: To calculate the rms radii of proton and neutron for thorium nuclei, lying between the drip lines, by using the microscopic mean field theory. The nuclear rms radii data is useful for identifying the shape variation of thorium nuclei, from proton drip line to neutron drip line. It also helps to identify the trends in nuclear radii variation as we move towards the drip line. This nuclear data will be useful in designing experiments in future and also in understanding the behaviour of complex nuclei. Microscopic study of thorium nuclei is also important in the astrophysical environments.Methods: This study is based on the Skyrme interacting potential in the Hartree-Fock mean field theory. Iterative diagonalization method with the help of a computational code is used for solving the Hartree-Fock equation.Results: We have calculated the rms radii of neutron, proton and their total with SV, SLY4 and UDF2 parametrization of the Skyrme force. Neutron rms radii, proton rms radii and total rms radii of thorium nuclei are found to increase with neutron number. UDF2 parametrization shows an oscillatory nature in the rms radii. This may be due to the shape change of thorium nuclei when adding neutrons.Conclusions: The rms radii of thorium nuclei are found to increase with neutron number. The Skyrme force with UDF2 parametrization is the most suitable one for the structure studies of thorium nuclei.
Phase Shift Analysis for Neutron-Alpha Elastic Scattering Using Phase Function Method with Local Gaussian Potential
Authors: Kumar Lalit , Khachi Anil , Sastri O.S.K.S
Published: July 2022

Background: The nucleon-nucleus scattering has been studied using Gaussain potential withspin-orbit term of Thomas type to fit the experimental scattering phase shifts (SPS). Recently,Hulthen potential without spin-orbit term has been utilised for studying α–nucleon scattering with phase function method (PFM).Purpose: The main objectives of this paper are:1. To obtain the best possible interaction potentials that best describe the neutron-α elasticSPS in various channels.2. To compute the partial cross-sections for scattering p-states and the total cross-section forthe reaction.Methods: The local interaction potential is modeled using Gaussian function. The non-localspin orbit term is chosen to be proportional to derivative of local potential. The phase function method has been numerically solved using 5th order Runge-Kutta method to compute the SPS. The model parameters are varied in an iterative fashion to minimise the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) w.r.t. the experimental SPS.Results:1. The SPS for S, P and D channels have been obtained with MAPE values less than 3%.2. The partial cross-sections for p 1/2 and p 3/2 have been plotted and the respective resonance energies and FWHM have been found to be in reasonable agreement with values in literature.3. The total cross-section for the reaction has been determined and found to be matching well with experimental findings.Conclusions: Gaussian potential with associated spin-orbit term has been shown to be areasonably good choice for explaining the n-α scattering reaction.
Pediatric Nutrition
Authors:   American Academy of Pediatrics
Published: July 2022

Significantly revised and updated, the eighth edition provides the latest evidence-based guidance on the full spectrum of childhood nutrition issues. Available for purchase at https://www.aap.org/pediatric-nutrition-8th-edition-paperback
Assessing the Effect of Electronic Medical Record Note Template on Firearm Access Screening in High-Risk Children
Authors: Hogan Alexander H. , Gadun Anes , Borrup Kevin , Hunter Amy A. , Campbell Brendan T. , Knod J. Leslie , Downs Jennifer , Rogers Steven C.
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND

Children who survive a suicide attempt are at greater risk of later dying by suicide. Firearm screening and provision of lethal means restriction counseling may improve the safety of this high-risk cohort. Our objective was to determine firearm screening rates among children hospitalized after suicide attempts. We also assessed the effects of templating firearm screening questions into the psychiatric consultation note.

METHODS

This retrospective pre- and postintervention study identified children <19 years old admitted after a suicide attempt from January 1, 2016 to March 1, 2020. In mid-2017, the psychiatry consult note incorporated a previously available optional firearm screening tool as an embedded field (intervention). The intervention effect on proportion of children at high risk screened for firearm access was assessed by interrupted time series analysis.

RESULTS

Of 26 088 total admissions, 357 met inclusion criteria. The majority were teenagers (15 years old, interquartile range 14 to 16), 275 were female (77%), and 167 were White (47%). Overall, 286 (80%) of patients had firearm access screening documentation. Of the 71 (20%) without screening, 21 (30%) were discharged from the hospital; 50 (70%) were transferred to psychiatric facilities. There was no significant difference in screening rates after the intervention (Intervention shift P = .74, slope P = .85).

CONCLUSIONS

Many children were not screened for firearm access after a suicide attempt requiring hospitalization despite the screening tool integration. Multidisciplinary quality improvement efforts are needed to ensure that this critical risk reduction intervention is implemented for all patients after a suicide attempt.
Unequitable Heart Failure Therapy for Black, Hispanic and American-Indian Patients
Authors: Ilonze Onyedika , Free Kendall , Breathett Khadijah
Published: July 2022

Despite the high prevalence of heart failure among Black and Hispanic populations, patients of colour are frequently under-prescribed guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) and American-Indian populations are not well characterised. Clinical inertia, financial toxicity, underrepresentation in trials, non-trustworthy medical systems, bias and structural racism are contributing factors. There is an urgent need to develop evidence-based strategies to increase the uptake of GDMT for heart failure in patients of colour. Postulated strategies include prescribing all GDMT upon first encounter, aggressive outpatient uptitration of GDMT, intervening upon social determinants of health, addressing bias and racism through changing processes or policies that unfairly disadvantage patients of colour, engagement of stakeholders and implementation of national quality improvement programmes.
Maquiavel como filósofo
Authors: Filho Davi Galhardo Oliveira
Published: July 2022

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Detection of different colistin resistance mechanisms among multidrug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Bulgaria
Authors: Markovska Rumyana , Marteva-Proevska Yuliya , Velinov Tzvetan , Pavlov Ivan , Kaneva Radka , Boyanova Lyudmila
Published: July 2022

The more frequent usage of colistin resulted in an increase of colistin resistance due to lipopolysaccharide modifications. The aim of this study was to reveal the prevalence and mechanisms of colistin resistance among multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates collected in Bulgaria. One hundred multidrug resistant K. pneumoniae isolates were collected in a period between 2017 and 2018. Among them, 29 colistin resistant and 8 heteroresistant isolates were observed and further investigated. Clonal relatedness was detected by RAPD and MLST. Сarbapenemases, two component system phoQ/phoP, pmrA/B, and mgrB were investigated by PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing. Among 37 colistin nonsusceptible isolates, we detected 25 NDM-1 producers. The isolates belonged mainly to ST11 (80%), and also to ST147, ST35, ST340, ST219 (1-2 members per clone). Nine colistin resistant isolates showed changes in mgrB. IS903B-like elements truncated mgrB in five isolates. In two isolates, premature stopcodon (Q30stopcodon) was observed and another two isolates did not amplify mgrB, possibly due to bigger deletion or insertion. No isolates showed phoQ/phoP and pmrA/B mutations except for pmrB (four isolates had R256G). All isolates with IS903B insertions belonged to ST11 clone. The mgrB alterations play major role in colistin resistance in K. pneumoniae isolates studied in the current work. We report truncation of mgrB by IS903 like element in colistin resistant NDM-1 producing K. pneumoniae ST11 clone in Bulgaria.
Pig Kidney Xenotransplantation as an Alternative Solution of Hifdz Al Nafs
Authors: Qotadah Hudzaifah Achmad , Syarifah Maisyatusy
Published: July 2022

Recently, US surgeons successfully tested pig kidney transplants in a human patient, which caught the medical community by surprise. This has elicited a range of responses, including among Muslim communities, whether it is permitted by shariah or vice versa. Some Muslim scholars stated that pigs are prohibited animals under Islamic law. In contrast, others saw this success as the most recent alternative treatment for kidney failure in recent history. This research examines the issue of transplanting pig kidneys into human bodies by maqasid al-syari'ah (hifdz al-nafs). The full qualitative method was employed, which was based on library research to investigate the stated problems, and all the findings were analyzed descriptively. The study shows, first and foremost, a pig is one kind of animal that is prohibited under Islamic law in any form. Two conditions must be fulfilled before the transplant of a pig's kidney into a human body can be justified: (1) it must be performed in an emergency where there is no alternative medicine or other sacred organs available; and (2) the harm resulting from the transplant itself must be less than the harm resulting from not performing the transplant. Thus, the transplantation of a pig's kidney into a human body is part of the hifdz al nafs effort to implement maqasid al dharuriyyat for the patient's survival.
Współpraca samorządu terytorialnego z organami administracji rządowej w zakresie realizacji inwestycji drogowych
Authors:   Uniwersytet Rzeszowski, Polska, Czech Mirosław
Published: July 2022

With Poland's accession to the European Union in 2004, the visible institutional and legal differences between our country and Western Europe began to blur. The establishment of the European Administrative Space, as a general model of public administration aiming at similar or common administrative solutions, influenced the development of public administration and its organisational structures. In Poland, as in most European countries, the system of local government is based on the principle of dualism, i.e.: some local tasks are performed directly by the government administration subordinated to the relevant ministers, while the remaining tasks are performed by the local government representing the interests of a particular local community. The aim of the article is to discuss the issue of mutual cooperation between the government administration with representatives of local governments on the example of realization of investments. The aim of the article is to discuss the issue of mutual cooperation of the government administration with the representatives of local self-governments, on the example of implementation of investments of international and national importance, such as key linear road investments planned to be carried out, which run through the territory of Poland and to present the conflicts of interests of the local society with the global benefits of the state, which are often fundamentally different and not always properly understood. The intensive development of road transport infrastructure currently taking place in Poland, with the participation of EU policy, has a significant impact on the economic development of micro-regions managed by local self-governments.
Study of Charge Transfer Contribution to Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Activity of Cu\(_2\)O Nano-octahedral Substrate
Authors: Tran Thu Trang , Vu Xuan Hoa , Thi Thu Ha Pham  , Nguyen Trong Nghia , Nguyen Dac Dien
Published: July 2022

In this study, a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate based on an octahedral cuprous oxide (Cu2O) nanostructure to probe methylene blue (MB) molecules as an analyte chemical has been implemented. Octahedral Cu2O nanocrystals were synthesized by a novel hydrothermal process using only ethylene glycol as both a reductant and organic solvent. The characteristics of Cu2O nanocrystals were well recognized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy. The mechanism of the SERS surface has been thoroughly investigated and has been shown to involve the contributions of both surface plasmon resonance and charge transfer effects. Using a simple collection rule for SERS bands, the portion of charge transfer processes was estimated to be about 46%.
Design and development of a bipap non-invasive ventilator prototype development
Authors:   University of Cape Town, Philpott Joel , Sivarasu Sudesh ,   University of Cape Town, Raine Richard ,   University of Cape Town
Published: July 2022

Many diseases affect the efficacy of the respiratory system, and thus ventilatory support is required to improve the patient’s prognosis. One of the methods of providing this support is by using non-invasive, positive pressure, BiPAP ventilation. The purpose of this project is to develop a prototype of a medical device that can provide this support. This is achieved by understanding the requirements of the device, generating concepts that can satisfy these requirements, selecting a concept and constructing it. The selected concept makes use of two blower fans, the first to provide the inspiratory pressure support, and the second to provide the expiratory pressure support. The pressure delivered to the patient is controlled using an axial solenoid valve and a one-way valve. A PID control loop is then used to control the speed of the fans. The system developed is not able to meet all the requirements but would be able to do so with slight improvements. These improvements include redesigning the axial solenoid valve to reduce the pressure drop across the valve, redesigning the flow path of the circuit to reduce the pressure drop in sharp corners, and changing the inspiratory fan control loop implementation strategy. The flow rate sensor also needs to be improved to allow the device to perform accurate volume-controlled ventilation.
A Phenomenological Study on the Job Experience of the Deaf Director of the Sign Language Interpretation Center
Authors:   RehabilitationInternational Korea, Park Young Joon , Goh Jae Jeong
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study is to explore the experiences of the process of performing duties by the Deaf director of the Center at the Sign Language Interpretation Center and to understand the nature of the experience. A phenomenological qualitative research method was used to recognize the social position and role at the time of transition from part-time to paid full-time center director and to confirm the experience of performing one's duties. The study participants used sign language, and the study was conducted through in-depth interviews with intentional sampling of four center directors who had long worked at the center. As a result of data analysis, 14 revealed topics and 4 essential topics were derived through 33 semantic units excluding overlapping or out of context out of 299 semantic units for their job experience. The essential themes were ‘starting with the life of the deaf’, ‘doing my best in the job of the center director’, ‘not an easy path’, and ‘having hope’. This study is meaningful in that the Deaf director of the Center revealed the essential meaning of the psychological and social difficulties and job performance experience felt in his/her position, and can be expected to develop the sign language interpretation center and improve the welfare of the entire Deaf society.
»We’re all haunted by our choices« – die Verhandlung ethischer Leitlinien in SNOWPIERCER
Authors: Mehrbrey Sophia
Published: July 2022

The series Snowpiercer (2020– ) deals with the social restructuring processes on board the ›Snowpiercer‹. This paper investigates the socio-political structures of the train and the modalities of the protagonists’ ethical decision-making. In a world frozen to -120°C, the last humans seek to survive on this 1001-wagon-long train, whose constant movement is the guarantor of the energy supply necessary to withstand the cold. The series takes up collective ethical questions and discusses them within the framework of a dystopian scenario. In doing so, the series confronts two antagonistic heroes, whose actions are emblematic of two completely different ethical world views. While Andre Layton strives for social justice and freedom for the train’s underclass, Melanie Cavill pursues a system-ethical approach that gives top priority to the smooth running of operations. The study will emphasize a gender studies perspective as the invention of Cavill as a female leader is of particular interest for the analysis of decision-making.
Muğla İdadi Mektebi Binasının İnşaatı
Authors: TEMEL Mehmet
Published: July 2022

Ortaöğretim düzeyinde modern anlayışla eğitim vermek ve sivil yüksekokullara öğrenci hazırlamak amacıyla 1869 Maarif-i Umumiye Nizamnamesiyle kurulan mülki idadilerden biri de 1892 yılında Muğla’da açılmıştır. Eski bir binada eğitime başlayan idadi mektebinin fiziki koşullar nedeniyle öğrenci kapasitesinin düşük ve güvenlik riski oluşturması yeni bir bina inşasını gerekli kılmıştır. Fransız okulları normlarından esinlenilmekle birlikte yerel koşullara da uyumlaştırılmış neo-klasik tarz bir plan ve proje ile 1902 yılında temeli atılan okulun inşaatı, ek ödenekle birlikte 109725 kuruş sarf edilerek 1909 yılında tamamlanmıştır. İnşaat için keşif defteri ve münakasa pusulası hazırlanmış, eksiltme ihalesi ilanına ilgi gösteren olmadığı için bina emanet usulüyle yaptırılmıştır. İnşaat malzemeleri yerel kaynaklardan sağlanan iki katlı kâgir bina, 5 derslik, yemekhane, personel odaları ve diğer birimlerden oluşmaktadır.
Klasik Türk Edebiyatında “Tiryâk-ı Fârûk”
Authors: FİDAN Gülşah Gaye
Published: July 2022

Klasik Türk edebiyatı İslam medeniyeti etkisinde ortaya çıkmış bir edebiyattır. Doğal olarak başta Kur’ân-ı Kerîm olmak üzere, hadisler, peygamber kıssaları ve “Hulefâ-yı Râşidin” yani Hz. Ebu Bekir, Hz. Ömer, Hz. Osman ve Hz. Ali’nin hayatları ve menkıbeleri bu edebiyatın önemli kaynaklarından olmuştur. Çehâr-Yâr-ı Güzîn’den biri olan Hz. Ömer “Fârûk” lakabıyla anılmaktadır. Ayırmak, bölmek anlamına gelen fark kökünden türemiş olan Fârûk ismi; haklıyı haksızdan ayıran, adaletli anlamlarına gelmektedir. Bu yönüyle genellikle Hz. Ömer’in adaletine telmih edilmektedir. Tiryâk ise zehre ve bazı hastalıklara karşı kullanılan bir çeşit macun olup panzehirdir ve en etkilisi “tiryâk-ı fârûk”tur. Hayvan zehirlerinin ve zehirli içeceklerin etkisini yok ettiği için yani bedenle zehri ayırdığı için bu tiryâka fârûk ismi verilmiştir. Tiryâk-ı fârûk ile Hz. Ömer arasında ilişki kurulmasının nedeni ise “Fârûk” lakabının yanı sıra Hz. Ömer’in bir menkıbesidir. Rivayete göre bir gün Rum elçisi Hz. Ömer’e düşmanlarını öldürmesi için zehir hediye eder. Hz. Ömer ise kendinin en büyük düşmanının nefsi olduğunu söyleyerek zehri içer ancak zehirlenmez. Bu menkıbeye gönderme yapılarak Hz. Ömer’in panzehre ihtiyaç duymayışı, zehri vücudundan kendisinin ayırt edişi hatırlatılmaktadır. Bundan dolayı tiryâk-ı fârûk ile Hz. Ömer arasında bir ilişki kurulmaktadır. Klasik şiirde genel olarak Hz. Ömer adaletiyle anılmaktadır ancak bu çalışmada Hz. Ömer’in genel temayül olan adaleti dışında “Tiryâk-ı Fârûk” olarak zehir-panzehir bağlamında farklı bir kullanımı incelenecektir.
Feminizm Hareketlerinin Güncel Türk Dili Kullanımına Etkileri Üzerine Bir Deneme
Authors: ALİBEKİROĞLU Sertan
Published: July 2022

Dilin önemli özelliklerinden biri canlılık taşıyor olmasıdır. Bu nedenle her canlı gibi dil de çeşitli nedenlerle değişime uğrar. Dildeki değişim çoğu zaman gelişen toplumsal olaylar, politikalar, bilimsel ve teknolojik gelişmeler öncülüğünde olur. Bilimsel ve teknolojik gelişmelerin etkisi günlük, sıradan tarzdadır. Ancak toplumsal ve politik gelişmelerin etkisinin dilde görülebilmesi çoğu zaman devrimsel nitelikli gelişmelere bağlıdır. 19. Yüzyılın başlarından itibaren daha çok Sanayi Devriminin sonuçlarından biri olarak ortaya çıkan feminist hareketler devrimsel bir nitelik taşımıştır. Bunun sonucunda hem toplumsal hem de politik alanda dillere yeni terim, kavram ve tanımlamaların yerleşmesine neden olmuştur. Kadınların sosyal hayatta özellikle işgücüne katılması, üretimin önemli bir parçası olması ev ve ev etrafında şekillenen kadın profilinde önemli değişikliklere neden olmuştur. Bu değişiklikler dillerde adlandırma, tanımlanma ve terim olarak yer alma gereği duymuştur. Başlangıçta dar alanda kalsa da kadının iş gücüne katılımı özellikle son zamanlarda oldukça gelişmiştir. Kadının iş ve sosyal hayattaki yerinin artmasının yanı sıra iletişim teknolojilerindeki gelişmeler dünya genelinde dillerde değişimi zorunlu kılan etkenlerden biri olmaya devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, feminizm düşüncesinin ve hareketlerinin günümüz Türkçe kullanımına yapmış olduğu etkiler örneklenmeye çalışılmıştır.
A phenomenological study of cabin crew job insecurity as a result of COVID-19: The perspective of domestic low-cost carriers (LCC) cabin crew
Authors:   The Tourism Sciences Society Of Korea, Lee Hyejeong , Kang Hyunsoo , Jeong Chul
Published: July 2022

The COVID-19 shock brought a great shock to the domestic and foreign aviation industries and job losses. The International Air Transport Association (IATA) predicts the loss of about 25 million jobs in aviation and related industries. Therefore, in this study, we understood their job insecurity experiences and identified the characteristics of related occupations through research questions about the unprecedented impact of COVID-19 on domestic LCC flight attendants. For the progress of the study, Giorgi's phenomenological analysis method was used to analyze the psychological meanings they experience in their daily lives and to grasp the essential meaning of human behavior. As a result of the study, the study participants were exposed to negative emotions such as embarrassment, and were suffering from economic pressure due to prolonged leave of absence. The desire to survive these emotions served as an opportunity to realize the benefits of leisure by doing hobbies such as exercise, hiking, and cooking, and contributed to self-reflection, stress relief, positive feelings for the organization, and gratitude for government support. These research results are meaningful in that they provided an opportunity to deeply examine the orientation points by generation and life cycle by limiting them to those in their 20s and 30s in Korea. Theoretical and policy implications are that the government's employment maintenance support policy provides implications for the ease of returning to work, providing job transition opportunities through self-reflection and educational opportunities, and maintaining employment.