bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Enhancing the Alberta Tax Advantage with a Harmonized Sales Tax
Authors: Bazel Philip , Mintz Jack M.
Published: August 2024

Alberta enjoys a reputation as a fiercely competitive jurisdiction when it comes to tax rates. But the reality is that the province can do better with a tax mix that has greater emphasis on consumption, rather than income tax levies. While Alberta has a personal tax advantage compared to other Canadian jurisdictions — but not the United States — it relies most heavily on income taxes and non-resource revenues that impinges on investment and saving. Taxes on new investment in Alberta’s non-resource sectors are no better than average, compared to other countries in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, or OECD, so it is not exceptionally attractive to many different kinds of investors. And Alberta’s corporate income tax rate is not much more competitive than the world average for manufacturing and service companies. By introducing the Harmonized Sales Tax with a provincial rate of 8 per cent (in addition to the federal 5 per cent rate), Alberta has the ability to make its tax system more competitive. An HST would even allow the province to entirely eliminate income tax for the majority of families. And because the HST would be easily administered using the same collection mechanisms that already exist for the GST, implementing a new Alberta HST could be done relatively smoothly and with minimal additional administration costs. Adopting an Alberta HST is the simplest, most efficient and fairest way to reform the provincial tax system, and will deliver noticeable benefits to Albertans, most visibly in the form of significant income tax relief. It would enable the province to raise the income-tax exemption from $17,593 to $57,250, making it possible for couples to earn up to $114,500 free of any provincial income taxes. In addition, the province could lower income tax rates for income over that amount from 10 to nine per cent. And with the revenue from the HST, Alberta would have the capacity to lower its general corporate income tax from 10 to 8.43 per cent, reducing taxes on investment. An HST could also bring in an estimated $800 million in additional annual revenue from tourists and visitors, and would likely entitle the province to a $1.3 billion HST transition payment from the federal government. If the government can convince Albertans that the sales tax would be revenue neutral, and can promise simultaneous significant tax cuts to personal incomes, as well as corporate tax reductions that will enhance Alberta’s competitiveness, then winning public support is possible. The task of persuading the public must fall to bold politicians. But if provincial legislators truly value tax fairness, competitiveness, and the future fiscal stability of the province, they have a duty to convince voters that an HST is the right choice for Alberta.
The Politics of Chequebook Federalism: Can Electoral Considerations Affect Federal-Provincial Transfers?
Authors: Joanis Marcelin
Published: August 2024

Canada’s equalization program is supposed to ensure that provinces that lack the same ability to raise revenue as other provinces, due to economic differences, are still able to provide their residents with roughly similar levels of public service. The equalization program itself is ostensibly based on a formulaic approach, with automatic equalization payments kicking in where and when they are needed, while federal social transfers to the provinces are, at least by name, purportedly intended to support the social spending needs of those provinces. This is how things are supposed to work, anyway. But both equalization payments and social transfers are, inevitably, arranged by federal politicians, and politicians have a natural tendency to behave politically. An analysis shows that, in many cases, the amount of money a province receives in federal transfers is correlated with the way that province voted during federal elections. In other words, when a province exhibited dominant support for the national party that controls the federal purse strings, that province often received a greater share of federal transfers. Where provinces were largely unsupportive in a federal election for the victorious party, they were more likely to see their share of federal transfers shrink. This dynamic ultimately defeats the real purpose of federal transfers, which are intended to assist based on need, not based on political support. When transfer programs are modified for reasons other than need, one might rightly worry about suboptimal use of scarce public resources, while publicly undermining the legitimacy of what may be, in principle, worthy federal programs. Protecting against the influence of politics in such programs is vital to maximizing their efficiency and retaining their credibility. These programs can be redesigned in ways that safeguard against political interference. Appointing an independent body to manage fiscal transfer programs could be an important first step, as would putting constraints on the ability of the federal government to impose sudden floors and ceilings on transfers, or to cut special side deals with individual provinces or regions. Politicians will always behave politically; it is important to find ways to keep them from letting politics distort the principles of federal-provincial transfers.
The North West Sturgeon Upgrader: Good Money after Bad?
Authors: Morton F.L. Ted
Published: August 2024

The North West Upgrader (NWU) project illustrates the risks of government-led efforts to diversify Alberta’s economy. What began as a low-risk, low-cost project to encourage domestic bitumen upgrading has morphed into a multi-billion dollar boondoggle with high risks for Alberta taxpayers. Originally, the Government of Alberta (GOA) intended to collect bitumen from producers in lieu of royalties and sell it to provincial upgraders, adding value to the commodity and creating jobs and revenues in Alberta. The private sector was to build and finance the new upgraders, as well as assume the market risks of low margins. The 2008 financial collapse effectively killed that plan. With just one prospect (NWU) remaining, the Stelmach government decided to be more than the middleman. The GOA committed to retain ownership of the bitumen up to the point of sale, pay NWU a toll for the processing, and then sell the upgraded product. Under a new “take or pay” arrangement, the GOA assumed liabilities estimated at $19 billion over the 30-year contract with NWU, as well as the market risk of having to sell the upgraded product at below costs. As four different premiers and six different energy ministers cycled through Edmonton, construction costs soared to over $8 billion. The original $6.5 billion cap on the GOA’s liability for construction costs disappeared, and the GOA—and by extension, Alberta taxpayers— are now on the hook for $26 billion in processing payments — the equivalent of $63 per barrel. Falling oil prices are further undermining the prospects for the investment to break even. Written from a rare insider’s perspective, this paper analyzes the lack of effective government oversight and due diligence surrounding the North West Upgrade. Rather than being an exception, NWU fits the larger and longer pattern of failed “forced-growth” diversification initiatives in Alberta and other provinces. Alberta politicians should think long and hard before succumbing to the next version of the “refine it where you mine it” diversification siren song.
On Livability, Liveability and the Limited Utility of Quality-of-Life Rankings
Authors: Conger Brian W.
Published: August 2024

When Calgary placed fifth on the Economist Intelligence Unit’s Liveability Ranking in 2012, the city’s mayor, Naheed Nenshi, quickly acknowledged how the city’s spot on the ranking proved “[Calgary has a] thriving business community, and a vibrant cultural scene that is attracting people from around the world”. Calgary’s 32nd place on the Mercer Quality of Living Index did not attract the same attention from the Mayor, or the local media. Mayors and the media alike are big fans of quality-of-life rankings whenever their cities earn a well-placed spot. But the fact that Calgary can place so highly on one ranking and so middlingly on another in the very same year is evidence of just how varied these rankings are and how misleading their interpretation can be. Made from a blend of data and feedback, and sometimes relying heavily on “good-natured, frequently late-night and jetlagged debate,” these rankings are impacted by which cities are selected, which data are used, and how the data are organized and weighted. Even amongst the rankings, agreement on what constitutes “livability” is a point of contention. Vancouver can jump from 15th place on Monocle magazine’s list, to third place on the Economist Intelligence Unit’s, and not even make the cut on PricewaterhouseCoopers’ ranking. Yet, when cities celebrate their place on these indexes, it is frequently the narcissism of small differences. In the Economist Intelligence Unit’s 2014 Liveability Ranking, there is a scant 1.8 per cent difference between top-ranked Melbourne’s overall score and that of 10th-place Auckland. In fact, nearly half the cities ranked (64 of 140) had scores above 80 per cent, meaning they present “few, if any, challenges to living standards.” The upshot, of course, is that “liveability”, as defined by The Economist, is biased toward those cities that are the least challenging for residents. That hardly qualifies one as an exceptional city, let alone the “best” of anything. Some of these rankings were created with the explicit intention of assisting businesses in assigning compensation for expatriate workers. They have quickly become something more. Lists designed for specific audiences and uses, have become a promotional tool for publicity-hungry and somewhat self-conscious cities. When tailored at a particular niche audience — grad students, for instance, or retirees — they can be useful. But the temptation to use these lists to develop public policy must at all costs be avoided. The reality is that the quality or “livability” of a city is very much a matter of personal preference. Calgary may be a less challenging place to live than San Francisco or Saigon, but whether that makes it a better place to live is a question that cannot simply be quantified by a quality-of-life ranking.
Macroprudential Policy: A Review
Authors: Kahou Mahdi Ebrahimi , Lehar Alfred
Published: August 2024

The severity and longevity of the recession caused by the 2007 financial crisis has highlighted the lack of a reliable macro-based financial regulation framework. As a consequence, addressing the link between the stability of the financial system as a whole and the performance of the overall economy has become a mandate for policymakers and scholars. Many countries have adopted macroprudential tools as policy responses for safeguarding the financial system. This paper provides a literature review of macroprudential policies, its objectives and the challenges that a macro-based framework needs to overcome, such as financial stability, procyclicality, and systemic risk.
A Report on Rise and Fall of Big Bazaar
Authors:   Post Graduate and Research Department of Commerce (Morning), St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous) Kolkata, Parakh Abhay Kumar , Sur Sayantani ,   Post Graduate and Research Department of Commerce (Morning), St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous) Kolkata
Published: August 2024

This study aims to investigate the consumer perception of Big Bazaar and explore the factors contributing to its success. Additionally, the research seeks to understand consumer perspectives on the decline of Big Bazaar and identify the reasons behind this fall. Furthermore, the study examines consumer preferences by comparing the traditional Big Bazaar with the new Smart Bazaar format. To understand the relationship between consumer perception and the economic viability of a business is vital in understanding the effects of such a relationship if it exists. By understanding such relations decision makers and researchers can effectively predict and analyse present market conditions. Furthermore, the report aims to measure consumer preference and its relation to gender, age, and positive appraisal of the business. Keywords:- Big Bazaar, Consumer Behaviour, Consumer Perception, Consumer Preference.
Insight into Maternal Health and Nutrition throughout Pregnancy
Authors: Mir Mashooq Ahmad , Dar Mohd Altaf , Qadir Afshana , Qadrie Zulfkar , Ashraf Humaira
Published: August 2024

Nutrition is crucial throughout pregnancy to ensure optimal mother health. Pregnant women are advised to follow a diet that is abundant in vegetables, fruits, and whole grains. Additionally, it is recommended that they take a daily vitamin and mineral supplement to ensure sufficient consumption of iron and folic acid. Maternal weight gain is an essential physiological alteration that occurs during pregnancy. Curiously, the combined weight of the fetus, placenta, and amniotic fluid constitutes less than 50% of the overall weight gained. Pregnancy is a phase characterized by fast development and cellular specialization, occurring in both the mother and the developing child. Maternal micronutrient deficiency increases the likelihood of a woman experiencing negative health effects, such as infection, preeclampsia/eclampsia, and bad pregnancy outcomes like premature birth and intrauterine development retardation.
Evaluation Of Sanitation Implementation Of Refill Drinking Water Depots In Muaro Jambi District
Authors: Arnild Augina Mekarisce  , Zuli Rodhiyah  , Samsidar Samsidar
Published: August 2024

Background: Evaluation of cross-sectoral control of refillable drinking water depot is a strategic role in protecting consumers to obtain standardized drinking water quality. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the factors in the control and management of refillable drinking water depot in the working area of the Muaro Jambi District Health Center. Methods: The method used was a descriptive qualitative approach, which is to understand the phenomenon of the research subject holistically. Results: The results showed that the evaluation conducted by the health office was not optimal, most of the refillable drinking water depots in the Puskesmas working area had not been inspected. This is influenced by limited human resources in monitoring and evaluating each refillable drinking water depot, lack of socialization and education to refillable drinking water depot businesses and the community regarding the importance of consuming quality-assured drinking water, and especially the lack of awareness of refillable drinking water depot businesses to pro-actively meet drinking water quality standards. Conclusion: The lack of optimal cross-sectoral control of refillable drinking water depots is influenced by human resources and socialization and education programs, along with community awareness. It is expected that there will be more intensive integration between the health center, health office, and village officials who play a role in monitoring and evaluating the management of refillable drinking water depot.
ՀՀ Վայոց ձորի մարզի Մագելանի քարանձավի բարեկարգումը և օգտագործումը զբոսաշրջային նպատակով / IMPROVEMENT AND USE OF MAGELLAN CAVE IN VAYOTS DZOR REGION FOR TOURIST PURPOSES
Authors: DAVTYAN SMBAT
Published: August 2024

The caves are one of the best tourist attractions. Currently, about 1,500 caves in 150 countries around the world are used as tourist (excursion, show cave) caves. An show cave is a tourist complex where a convenient path has been laid for the movement of visitors, there is an artificial lighting system, and excursions are organized at certain intervals and are accompanied by guides. Representatives of all age groups can visit this cave. The excursion caves are caves of karst and volcanic origin, at least several hundred meters long, which are landscaped and equipped in accordance with the requirements proposed by the International Show Caves Association.
In general, the presence of excursion caves is an indicator of the unique tourist attractiveness of any country, due to which, in case of appropriate investment and the presence of a sufficient number of visitors, new caves in these countries turn into tourist caves. In this regard, a strange situation has arisen in the Republic of Armenia. Despite the large number of caves, only one cave is used as a tourist cave in our country. The article presents Magellan Cave in the Vayots Dzor region of the Republic of Armenia and an analysis of one-year experience of its operation.
Multicenter study of adolescent suicide attempts by poisoning: social, epidemiological, and clinical characteristics
Authors: Algarrada Vico Lorena , Martínez-Sánchez Lidia , Baena Olomí Irene , Benito Caldés Consuelo , Rodríguez Varela Ana , López-Corominas Victoria , Gaitero Tristán Jara , Mangione Cardarella Liliana , Peñalba Cítores Ana , Muñoz Bernal Jose Ángel , Azkunaga Santibáñez Beatriz , Humayor Yáñez Francisco Javier , Rodríguez Mesa María Dolores , Clerigué Arrieta Nuria , Benito Pastor Helvia , De Miguel Lavisier Begoña , Pociello Almiñana Neus , Pizà Oliveras Anna , Gómez Garrido Pablo , Núñez Rebollo Teresa , Vázquez López Paula
Published: August 2024

Objetivos. Evaluar las características sociales, epidemiológicas y clínicas de los pacientes que consultaron por contacto con tóxicos con finalidad suicida en los servicios de urgencias pediátricos (SUP) españoles. De forma secundaria, identificar factores de riesgo para sufrir una intoxicación moderada-grave (IMG). Método. Estudio de cohortes prospectivo multicéntrico, que incluyó pacientes menores de 18 años que consultaron en 20 SUP tras una exposición a tóxicos con finalidad suicida desde enero-2021 hasta junio-2022. Se realizó entrevista personal y se revisó la historia clínica. La gravedad de la intoxicación se clasificó mediante el Poisoning Severity Score (PSS). Se consideró IMG una puntuación PSS $ 2. Resultados. Se recogieron 592 episodios, 541 (91,4%) en pacientes de sexo mujer. La edad mediana fue 14,6 años (p25-75: 13,6-15,7). En 417 (70,4%) existía algún trastorno psiquiátrico diagnosticado, en 334 (56,4%) tentativas previas y en 409 (69,1%) acoso por iguales. Se produjo ingesta de fármacos en 584 (98,6%), con predominio de benzodiacepinas (222; 37,5%) y paracetamol (187; 31,6%). Cincuenta y tres fueron IMG (9,0%). En 585 (98,8%) la atención incluyó valoración por salud mental. El trastorno adaptativo, con odds ratio (OR) de 3,2 [p25-75:1,1-9,0; p = 0,027], la implicación de opiáceos, con OR de 6,4 [p25-75:1,2-35,4; p = 0,032], y los antidiabéticos, con OR de 27,6 [p25-75:1,2-634,9; p = 0,038], aumentaron el riesgo de IMG. Por su parte, sufrir acoso por iguales, con OR de 0,4 [p25-75:0,2-0,8; p = 0,013], y la implicación de antinflamatorios no esteroideos (AINEs), con OR de 0,3 [p25- 75:0,1-0,8; p = 0,020], lo disminuyeron. Conclusiones. Las consultas por intoxicación con finalidad suicida en los SUP se producen fundamentalmente en chicas adolescentes con antecedentes psiquiátricos, tentativas previas y conducta autolesiva. Además, con mucha frecuencia manifiestan sufrir acoso por iguales. Los pacientes con IMG presentan características diferenciales, en los que el trastorno adaptativo y el uso de opiáceos y antidiabéticos son factores asociados a una mayor gravedad de la intoxicación.
Comparison of the Effects of Sugar Alcohols at Different Concentrations on the Growth of Cariogenic Bacteria
Authors:   Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Institute of Health Sciences, Marmara University, 34854 Istanbul, Turkiye, Sarihan Samyeli , Topcuoglu Nursen ,   Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul University, 34134 Istanbul, Turkiye, Eren Figen ,   Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, 34854 Istanbul, Turkiye
Published: August 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of various concentrations of xylitol and erythritol on the growth of cariogenic bacteria, specifically Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, and Scardovia wiggsiae. Type strains of S. mutans (ATCC 25175), S. sobrinus (ATCC 33478), and S. wiggsiae (DSM 22547) were cultured and exposed to different concentrations of xylitol, erythritol, and their combinations. The concentrations tested included 10% xylitol, 10% erythritol, 5% xylitol + 5% erythritol, 2.5% xylitol + 7.5% erythritol, 2.5% erythritol + 7.5% xylitol, and a control group with 5% sucrose. Xylitol and erythritol significantly inhibited the growth of S. mutans, S. sobrinus and S.wiggsiae. The combination of 5% xylitol and 5% erythritol also demonstrated substantial inhibitory effects. Statistical analyses indicated significant differences in absorbance changes over time, with the 5% sucrose group consistently showing higher growth rates compared to other groups. Both xylitol and erythritol, particularly at higher concentrations, effectively inhibit the growth of key cariogenic bacteria. The combination of these sugar alcohols exhibits potential synergistic effects, suggesting their utility in dental care products to prevent dental caries. Further research is needed to optimize the formulations and concentrations for maximum therapeutic benefit.
Kültürel Bellek Aktarıcısı Olarak Semah
Authors: Kaptan Merve Nur
Published: August 2024

Kültürel bellek, toplumların kültürlerine dair birikimlerin korunduğu, sonraki kuşaklara aktarımının sağlandığı ve gerektiğinde güncellendiği kolektif bir bellek türüdür. Alevi toplulukları mülahaza edildiğinde Alevi inanç sisteminde kültürel belleğin aktarımının sağlandığı yerlerden biri ise cem ritüelleridir. Cem ritüellerinde önceki kuşaktan alınan bilginin muhafazası, canlı tutulması ve sonraki kuşaklara aktarılması, başka bir ifadeyle Alevi kültürü, inanç sistemi ve tarihsel süreçte yaşanan olayların gelecek kuşaklara aktarımının sağlanması hatırlama, tekrarlama ve canlandırma yoluyla yapılmaktadır. Bu ritüellerde aynı zamanda kırklar söylencesi canlandırılmakta; on iki hizmet ifa edilmekte; deyiş, düvaz imam, mersiye, semah, miraciye gibi müziksel türler icra edilmektedir. Cem ritüellerinde gerçekleştirilen uygulamalar aracılığıyla bir yandan kültürel belleğin oluşumu sağlanırken, diğer yandan da kimliğin hatırlanması, korunması ve aktarılması işlevleri yerine getirilmektedir. Bu manada Alevi kimliğinin hatırlanması, korunması, canlı tutulması ve aktarılması noktasında bellek taşıyıcılarına/aktarıcılarına ihtiyaç vardır. Alevi cem ritüellerinin ayrılmaz bir parçası olan semahlar da kültürel belleğin oluşumunu ve aktarımını sağlayan bir aktarıcı konumundadır. Bu minvalde semahlar, içerisinde barındırdığı söz, ezgi ve ritmik hareket unsurları aracılığıyla Alevi inançlarının, yaşam biçimlerinin, düşüncelerinin, geleneklerinin ve sözlü kültürünün oluşması ve sonraki kuşaklara aktarılması noktasında bir misyon üstlenmektedir. Bu çerçevede çalışma, semahın kültürel belleği aktarma özelliğini ortaya koymaya yönelik bir çabanın ürünüdür. Bu amaç doğrultusunda araştırmada konu ile ilgili belgeler incelenmiş, elde edilen verilerin betimsel analizi yapılmış ve yorumlanmıştır.
KAVRAM VE BAĞLAM OLARAK ÂŞIK VEYSEL’İN ŞİİRLERİNDE KÜLTÜR ORTAMLARI
Authors: Küçükbasmacı Gülten
Published: August 2024

Âşık tarzı edebiyat geleneği, sözlü kültür ortamında teşekkül etmekle birlikte zamanla şekillenen yazılı ve elektronik kültür ortamlarına da dâhil olarak günümüze kadar varlığını sürdürmüştür. Bu sebeple âşıkların şiirleri üzerinde yapılacak çözümlemeler kültürel sürekliliği, değişim ve dönüşümleri anlamada önemlidir. Her kültürün kelime hazinesi insanın çevresi ile arasındaki ilişkiyi yansıttığından Âşık Veysel’in şiirleri yaşadığı dönemin şahidi olarak görülebilir. Âşık Veysel, pek çok kurumsal ve geleneksel yapıda değişimlerin gerçekleştiği 1894-1973 yılları arasında yaşamıştır. Âşıklık geleneğinin canlı olarak yaşadığı Sivas’ın Emlek yöresinde yetişmiş, bir nevi çıraklık olarak niteleyebileceğimiz bir süreçle saz çalmayı ve usta malı söylemeyi öğrenmiştir. Sözlü kültür ortamının icracısı olarak geleneğe adım atan Âşık Veysel, yazılı ve elektronik kültür ortamlarında da geleneği icra etmiştir. Okuryazar olmamasına rağmen ilk yazdığı şiir yazılı bir kitle iletişim aracı olan gazetede yayımlanmış, ilk kurulan İstanbul Radyosunda geleneksel müziğe çok az yer verildiği bir dönemde sesini duyurmuş, köy enstitüleri gibi devrin önemli bir formel eğitim ortamında saz öğretmenliği yapmıştır. Âşık Veysel’in farklı kültür ortamlarında sanatını icra etmesi şiirlerini bu bağlamda da dikkate değer kılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; sözlü, yazılı ve elektronik iletişim bağlamında şekillenen kültür ortamlarının ve bu ortamlarla ilgili kavramların Âşık Veysel’in şiirlerinde nasıl yer aldığını belirlemektir. Bu amaçla metin incelemesi yöntemiyle Âşık Veysel’in yayımlanmış şiirlerinde ilgili kavramlar tespit edilerek değerlendirilmiştir. Bu tespitler yapılırken “söz” ve “yazı” etrafındaki kavramların anlamları ve bu anlamlara yapılan göndermeler dikkate alınmıştır. Çalışmada “söz” ve “yazı”nın doğası, “söz” ve “yazı” ilişkisi ile ilgili şairin algısı tespit edilmiş; sözlü, yazılı ve elektronik kültür ortamlarına dair Âşık Veysel’in değerlendirmeleri ve bu ortamların şiirlerine nasıl yansıdığı belirlenmiştir. Konuyla ilgili bütün örnekler Doğan Kaya’nın Âşık Veysel (2011) adıyla hazırladığı yayından seçilmiştir. Sonuç olarak; Âşık Veysel’in geleneğin kodlarından faydalanarak yeni icra ortamlarında yeni imgeler kullandığı, yeni ortamlarla birlikte yaşanan değişimin de şiirlerine yansıdığı görülmüştür. Aynı zamanda Âşık Veysel’in şiirleri, kültür ortamlarındaki değişim ve dönüşümlerin yarattığı yaşam biçimleri ve değerler dünyasındaki farklılaşmalara da şahitlik etmektedir.
SÖZLÜ KÜLTÜRÜN TARİHE TANIKLIĞI: HALK ŞAİRLERİNİN DİLİNDEN MADEN KAZALARI
Authors: Gümüştepe Pamuk Nurdan
Published: August 2024

Sözlü kültür ürünleri, folklorun yanı sıra disiplinler arası bir nitelik arz ederek sosyoloji, dilbilim, etnoloji, hukuk, psikoloji ve tarih gibi farklı bilim dallarına da kaynaklık eder. Klasik anlamda tarihçilik yazılı belgelere dayanan bir araştırma yöntemini kullanırken sözlü tarih, şifahi kaynaklar yardımıyla geçmişe dair bilgi edinme yoluna başvurur. Türk halk edebiyatı mahsulleri de sözlü kültür bağlamında oluşturulan ve folklor disiplini ile birlikte tarihe de kaynaklık eden bu şifahi kaynaklar grubuna girer. Türk halk edebiyatı ürünü olan âşık şiiri/halk şiirinin yaratıcısı ve icracısı olan halk şairleri, bireysel konulara yer vermekle birlikte toplumu derinden etkileyen olaylar hakkında alternatif bir bilgi kaynağı olma özelliği de taşıyan pek çok eser bırakmışlardır. Özellikle deprem, sel, yangın, kuraklık gibi doğal afetler, savaşlar, göçler ve ölümle sonuçlanan trafik ve iş kazaları üzerine söyledikleri şiirler, tarihsel olayların insanların duygu dünyasında bıraktığı etkiye dair izler de taşımaktadır. Sanayileşme ile birlikte ülkemizde artan maden ocaklarında yaşanan ölümlü pek çok kaza, toplumu derinden sarsan olaylardan biri olarak halk şairlerinin şiirlerine konu olmuştur. Söz konusu maden ocakları olduğunda ilk akla gelen şehir olan Zonguldak’ta yaşanan maden kazaları ile birlikte son dönemlerde Manisa’nın Soma ilçesinde gerçekleşen maden kazalarının da pek çok halk şiirine konu edildiği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca geçmiş yıllarda farklı illerde gerçekleşen maden kazalarına ilişkin birtakım şiirlerin de kaleme alındığı görülmüştür. Söz konusu şiirleri tespit etmek amacıyla halk şairlerinin yayınladığı yaprak destanları, çeşitli araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan âşık monografileri ve halk şairleri hakkında hazırlanan kitap ve tez çalışmalarına başvurulmuştur. Bunlara ek olarak son dönem âşıklarından bazılarının sosyal medya hesaplarında paylaştıkları maden kazası şiirleri de çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada taranan âşık monografileri ve âşıklık geleneğine ilişkin hazırlanan çalışmalardan özellikle son dönem Türkiye’sinde yaşanan maden kazalarına ilişkin tespit edilen halk şiirleri, sözlü tarih kuramına göre metin analizi yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Edebiyat ve tarih disiplinleri arasındaki müşterekliğin bir neticesi olarak halk şiirinin toplumsal hafızayı canlı tutma ve gelecek kuşaklara aktarma işlevini yerine getirdiği tespit edilmiştir.
ÂŞIKLIK GELENEĞİNDE YEMEK DESTANLARI: TEMATİK VE İŞLEVSEL BİR YAKLAŞIM
Authors: Kaplan Haktan
Published: August 2024

Türkler tarih boyunca çok farklı coğrafyalarda devletler kurmuş ve değişik inanç sistemleriyle muhatap olmuşlardır. Bu sebeple Türk kültüründen etkilenen kültürler olduğu gibi diğer kültürlerden de Türk kültürüne pek çok farklı unsur girmiştir. Yeme-içme kültürü de karşılıklı etkileşimin sık yaşandığı alanlardan birisidir. Farklı coğrafyalarda farklı toplumlarla iç içe yaşamak, mutfak kültürünün zenginleşmesini sağlamıştır. Bu zenginlik hayatın her alanında olduğu gibi Türklerin edebiyatlarına da yansımış ve bunun sonucunda gerek sözlü kaynaklarda gerekse yazılı kaynaklarda Türk mutfak kültürünü ele alan pek çok edebi ürün ortaya çıkmıştır.
Âşıklık geleneğinde oldukça önemli bir yer tutan yemek destanları, Türklerin yeme-içme kültürlerini mizahi bir şekilde ele alan edebi ürünlerinden biridir. Âşıklarca kaleme alınan veya dile getirilen yemek destanlarının ilk örneklerine Anadolu sahasında XIV. yüzyılda rastlanmaktadır. Sımâtiye olarak adlandırılan bu şiirlerin ilk örnekleri Kaygusuz Abdal’a aittir. Bu manzumelerde genellikle çorbalar, sebze yemekleri, kebaplar, köfteler, börekler, çörekler, pilavlar, turşular, tatlılar, salatalar, meyveler vb. yiyecekler konu edinilmiştir. Sonraki yüzyıllarda kaleme alınan yemek destanlarında ise konu biraz daha genişleyerek içecekler ve keyif verici ürünler de yemek destanlarının kapsamına girmiştir. Bu çalışmada Anadolu sahasında âşıklar tarafından kaleme alınmış yemek destanları incelenecektir. Çalışmanın örneklemini 20. yüzyılda yaşamış âşıkların dile getirdiği yemek destanları oluşturacaktır. Çalışmaya sadece 20. yüzyılda üretilen yemek destanlarının alınmasının sebebi, ilgili yüzyılda söylenen yemek destanlarındaki yemekler ile günümüz yemeklerinin benzerlik göstermesidir. Ayrıca belirtilen yüzyıldaki destanlarda geçen yemek isimleri ile günümüzdeki isimlerin aynı olması çalışmanın ilgili yüzyılla sınırlandırılması gereğini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Çalışmada öncelikle tarihî açıdan Türk yemek kültürü üzerinde durulmuş ve yazılı kaynaklarda geçen Türk yemeklerinden örnekler verilmiştir. Sonrasında 20. yüzyılda kaleme alınmış yemek destanları şekil, konu, işlev açısından incelenmiş ve çalışmanın örneklemini oluşturan yemek destanlarından hareketle modern Türk mutfak kültürüne göre yemek destanları tasnif edilmiştir.
Pengaruh Perbedaan Warna Umpan Buatan untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Tangkapan Pole and Line
Authors: Widiantoro Nova , Sudianto Achmad , Spanton M Perdana Ixbal
Published: August 2024

Dalam operasional alat tangkap huhate, yang termasuk dalam perikanan pancing, faktor umpan sangat berpengaruh terhadap hasil tangkapan. Umpan yang digunakan, baik jenis maupun ukurannya, harus menarik bagi ikan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan membandingkan hasil tangkapan ikan berdasarkan perbedaan warna umpan buatan. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menganalisis pengaruh warna umpan terhadap jumlah hasil tangkapan, dengan fokus pada warna yang paling banyak mendapatkan hasil tangkapan. Melalui penelitian ini, diharapkan dapat diketahui dan diidentifikasi hasil tangkapan ikan yang didasarkan pada warna umpan buatan yang digunakan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan statistik menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pengamatan langsung di lapangan untuk memahami kondisi yang sebenarnya. Macam-macam umpan buatan meliputi umpan dari bulu ayam berwarna merah muda, tali rafia berwarna biru, kombinasi bulu ayam dan rafia, serta umpan dari limbah plastik bungkus snack. Hasil penelitian bahwa pengaruh warna umpan buatan terhadap hasil tangkapan ikan dengan tiga perlakuan warna: Pink (Bulu Ayam) = 190 ekor, Biru (Tali Rafia) = 395 ekor, dan Silver (Bungkus Snack) = 1083 ekor. Hasil perhitungan dengan 3 perlakuan dan 9 kali ulangan menunjukkan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan, dengan F hitung sebesar 5,075 yang lebih besar dari F tabel (0,05) sebesar 3,63. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan warna umpan memiliki pengaruh nyata terhadap hasil tangkapan ikan
Elaboração de uma tecnologia educativa sobre a classificação de risco: relato de experiência numa unidade de pronto atendimento
Authors: Costa Pedro Paulo Mussu , Santos Thályson Novaes dos , Silva Ingrid Nunes da , Sales Junior Carlos Antonio Farias , Coelho Evelym Cristina da Silva , Dias Junior Neiva José da Luz , Ferreira Ilma Pastana
Published: August 2024

Este estudo tem o objetivo de relatar a experiência de acadêmicos de enfermagem na elaboração de uma tecnologia educativa sobre a classificação de risco para uma Unidade de Pronto Atendimento (UPA). Onde, trata-se de um estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, no qual descreve a elaboração de uma tecnologia educativa para classificação de risco, utilizando a metodologia do Arco de Maguerez, a qual as etapas são: observação da realidade; levantamento de pontos-chave; teorização; hipóteses de solução; aplicação à realidade. O estudo se desenvolveu em uma UPA durante o período de estágio obrigatório do módulo de Urgência e Emergência. Durante a ambientação com o local, foi identificado a falta de informações claras sobre a classificação de risco na UPA, gerando dúvidas e ansiedade nos pacientes. Com base nos protocolos do Ministério da Saúde, criou-se um banner explicativo sobre o fluxo de atendimento e a classificação de risco, utilizando o Protocolo de Manchester, que classifica os pacientes em cinco cores conforme a urgência. A aplicação do Arco de Maguerez desenvolveu uma postura crítica e reflexiva dos estudantes. A observação revelou sobrecarga nos atendimentos, desgaste físico e mental dos profissionais, e insatisfação dos pacientes. Em razão disso, o banner educativo foi crucial para explicar o Protocolo de Manchester, ajudando a organizar o fluxo de atendimento e reduzir a insatisfação dos usuários, colaborando na melhoria da satisfação dos pacientes.
Análise de redes de variáveis psicológicas da DASS-21 aplicada no Poder Judiciário da Paraíba
Authors: Souza Éverton Procópio de , Olier-Caparroso Ivan , Camêlo Edwirde Luiz Silva
Published: August 2024

A análise de redes em saúde entende os transtornos mentais como redes complexas de sintomas que interagem e se reforçam ou inibem-se mutuamente. O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar como os sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse se influenciam e quais sintomas atuam como pontes entre esses grupos. A análise de rede foi utilizada para mapear os sintomas rastreados pela DASS-21 em uma amostra transversal composta por 194 servidores públicos do judiciário paraibano, com idade média de 47 anos (DP = 8,3 anos), sendo 44,3% do sexo masculino e 55,7% do sexo feminino. Para criar redes de correlação parcial regularizadas utilizou-se o algoritmo “EBICglasso”. As medidas de centralidade foram calculadas usando expected influence. Foram enfatizadas as redes não direcionais e ponderadas. Itens referentes a desmotivação e desvalor surgiram como fortes influenciadores de sofrimento psíquico. Os itens de estresse “difícil se acalmar”, “sentir que estava sempre nervoso”, “sentir agitado” e “achar difícil relaxar”, apresentaram-se como sintomas centrais na ativação de sintomas de depressão e ansiedade. “Sentir que estava um pouco emotivo/sensível” da comunidade de estresse apresenta-se como ativador para coocorrência de sintomas depressivos e ansiosos. Concluímos que a análise de rede identifica a dinâmica mútua entre os sintomas. Ela fornece uma visão ampla da complexa relação entre depressão, ansiedade e estresse da DASS-21 aplicada ao judiciário paraibano, destacando sintomas específicos de estresse que podem funcionar como pontes entre depressão e ansiedade, inclusive para ocorrência concomitante de sintomas depressivos e ansiosos.
BAB 13. Mentilin: Si Mungil dari Pulau ­Seribu Kulong
Authors: Syafutra Randi
Published: August 2024

Pulau Bangka merupakan bagian dari Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung yang terkenal sebagai penghasil timah dengan kulong-kulong di atas permukaannya, sehingga dijuluki sebagai Pulau Seribu Kulong. Deforestasi di Pulau Bangka telah terjadi sejak awal 1700-an dengan munculnya penambangan timah. Hilangnya hutan meningkat dengan pengenalan lada/sahang pada pertengahan 1800-an dan karet pada tahun 1920-an. Sejak tahun 1995, perkebunan kelapa sawit mulai bermunculan di Pulau Bangka sehingga menjadi pesaing baru bagi perkebunan lada dan karet. Deforestasi di Pulau Bangka semakin memburuk dalam dua dekade terakhir dikarenakan terjadi peningkatan yang signifikan dalam penambangan timah dan perkebunan kelapa sawit. Pulau Bangka memiliki satwa bernama Mentilin (Cephalopachus bancanus bancanus) yang terkenal sebagai satwa yang unik, langka, dan fotogenik. Mentilin telah dilindungi oleh Pemerintah Indonesia dan ditetapkan sebagai satwa terancam punah oleh IUCN. Di Kabupaten Bangka, habitat Mentilin secara umum adalah agroforest Karet berumur 10 tahun ke atas yang terlantar. Spesies vegetasi yang dimanfaatkan Mentilin sebagai vegetasi tidur adalah Seruk, Mengkirai, Bua Bulu, dan Bua Tupai. Perburuan liar dan perdagangan, serta konversi hutan menjadi perkebunan kelapa sawit skala besar dan permukiman menjadi permasalahan dalam pelestarian Mentilin. Program awareness berkelanjutan diperlukan demi menyoroti pentingnya pelestarian dan status perlindungan hukum (termasuk dalam urusan denda dan hukuman) untuk Mentilin tersebut.
Pielęgnowanie drzewostanów sosnowych pochodzących z odnowienia naturalnego w Nadleśnictwie Skwierzyna
Authors: Hałuszczak Maciej , Piecyk Jan
Published: August 2024

Natural forest regeneration is gaining more and more importance in European forestry. The more widespread use of natural regeneration allows the formation of multifunctional and durable forests. Much attention was paid to the cultivation of pine stands, with particular emphasis on obtaining seedlings. However, few publications synthetically describe the care treatments in pine crops and young forests from self-seeding forest regeneration. Considering the importance of Scots pine in Polish forestry, it is justified to present the methods and ways of nurturing pine stands that come from the natural regeneration of this species. In the second or third year after initiating the natural regeneration of Scots pine on the clearing plot, a schematic thinning of the future cultivation is performed. For this purpose, the inter-row harrowing treatment on future cultivation is used with the Lowland disc harrow. In the last season, early cleaning is performed before the crop is closed. In the early stages of the development of pine seedlings, one cannot forget about the strong competition from herbaceous vegetation. Late cleaning, in the case of managing the crops of natural origin in the unit, is performed in two turns. Early thinning in this type of stand is usually carried out after 20 years of stand growth. The goals of maintenance pruning do not differ from those adopted as standard for planted stands. It should be clearly emphasized that when managing pine stands of natural origin in the Skwierzyna Forest District, the priority is to achieve breeding goals. The condition and quality of cultivated crops and young forests are always a priority for the owners of the local forests, regardless of the economic situation in the timber market or the demand for a given raw material in a given period.
Responsivitas Masyarakat Terhadap Manajemen Pelayanan Perpajakan Dalam Pembuatan Nomor Pokok Wajib Pajak (NPWP) Di Kantor Pelayanan Pajak (KPP) Pratama Sorong
Authors: Sardju Arimbi , Akmal Samsul , Hidayat Rahmat Al
Published: August 2024

This research aims to determine the public's response in measuring the management of Taxpayer Identification Number services provided by the Pratama Sorong Tax Service Office (KPP). The research method uses a quantitative descriptive approach. The number of respondents involved was 100 people. The results of the research show that the KPP Pratama service management indicator that gets the highest score from community responsiveness in making NPWPs is the
“Reliability” factor, with an average score of 9.18 and is at the "Very Good" level, followed by the other two factors which are also at the "Very Good" level. Those are the “Responsiveness” with a mean score of 8.83, and for and the Tangible of 8.73. Meanwhile, the other two factors are at the "Good" level, indicated by a mean score of 6.79 for the Assurance factor and 6.72 for the Emphaty factor.
Justicia después de la violencia: perspectivas comparadas hacia la ficción audiovisual de los ‘años de plomo’ y la justicia transicional
Authors: Eser Patrick
Published: August 2024

Este artículo aborda el problema del análisis comparativo de las dinámicas culturales subyacentes a los procesos de transición democrática y de la justicia transicional. La reflexión sobre los riesgos y las posibilidades de las perspectivas comparativas introduce el análisis de dos largometrajes, de los cuales el filme argentino Argentina, 1985 (2022) ocupa un lugar central. La construcción cinematográfica de problemas de justicia tras pasados violentos está en el centro del análisis, que se completa finalmente con el contraste del largometraje vasco Maixabel (2021).
Palabras clave: Cine, narrativas de justicia, análisis comparados de transiciones democráticas, courtroom drama, Argentina, País Vasco.
bomba increíble, de Pedro Salinas: lenguajes, intertextualidad y pasado en el género utópico/distópico
Authors: Minguzzi Armando V.
Published: August 2024

Este trabajo analiza, en la obra de Pedro Salinas La bomba increíble, cómo una novela distópica rescata y juzga el pasado y de qué manera, cumpliendo las reglas del género, critica el presente y su organización política y social, basándose centralmente en el despliegue de distintas estructuras y herramientas del lenguaje. Nuestro análisis se inició revisando las dicotomías donde el despliegue discursivo de la ciencia presente en la novela se enfrenta con las distintas esferas de lo social. Hablamos del cruce de la naturaleza, la prensa y la política, a las cuales califica de rémora de un pasado ligado al atraso. Ese fue el punto de partida para revisar cómo la intertextualidad, en su diálogo con textos de antiguas y diversas tradiciones, y la ironía, en su posibilidad de traer a colación una doble conciencia, se terminaron transformando en esta distopía en las formas privilegiadas de la emergencia de la otredad. Dicho análisis en torno al lenguaje y sus prácticas fue lo que posibilitó examinar el orden social y político planteado en la novela: un bagaje cultural antiguo y humanista de siglos y una mirada distante y ajena fueron sus instrumentos.
Palabras claves: literatura española, distopía, intertextualidad, ironía, pasado.
Pemberian Edukasi “Lansia Terawat, Indonesia Bermartabat” Hari Lanjut Usia Nasional (HLUN) 2024
Authors: Alimurdianis  , Hutaperi Boy , Raziq Jamil Abdul , Dewi Sulistiana
Published: August 2024

Lansia, atau orang lanjut usia, merupakan individu yang berada di tahap akhir kehidupan, biasanya berusia 60 tahun ke atas, dan menghadapi berbagai tantangan yang mempengaruhi kesehatan fisik, mental, dan sosial mereka. Secara kesehatan, lansia sering kali menderita penyakit kronis seperti hipertensi, diabetes, dan penyakit jantung yang memerlukan pengelolaan jangka panjang. Penurunan fungsi fisik dan kognitif, termasuk mobilitas, kekuatan otot, dan kemampuan berpikir, merupakan bagian alami dari proses penuaan. Selain itu, lansia juga rentan terhadap masalah kesehatan mental, seperti depresi dan kecemasan, yang sering kali disebabkan oleh isolasi sosial dan kehilangan orang terkasih. Secara sosial, banyak lansia yang merasa kesepian dan terisolasi, terutama setelah kehilangan pasangan atau teman, atau jika mereka tidak memiliki keluarga dekat. Dukungan sosial dari keluarga, teman, dan komunitas menjadi sangat penting untuk kesejahteraan emosional mereka. Dari aspek lingkungan, lansia sering tinggal di perumahan yang tidak sesuai dengan kebutuhan mereka, seperti aksesibilitas yang buruk dan lingkungan yang tidak aman. Kesulitan dalam mengakses layanan kesehatan, sosial, dan dukungan yang mereka butuhkan juga merupakan tantangan signifikan. Perawatan dan dukungan yang diberikan kepada lansia, termasuk perawatan kesehatan yang teratur dan dukungan emosional serta sosial, sangat penting untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup mereka. Namun, keterbatasan finansial sering kali menjadi hambatan dalam mendapatkan perawatan yang diperlukan dan memenuhi kebutuhan dasar. Selain itu, kebijakan dan regulasi yang ada terkadang belum cukup mendukung perlindungan dan perawatan bagi lansia. Memahami tantangan yang dihadapi lansia dan memberikan dukungan yang sesuai sangatlah penting untuk memastikan mereka dapat menjalani kehidupan yang sehat dan bermartabat di usia lanjut.
Poverty, Inequality, and Social Protection in Ethiopia: A Policy Brief
Authors: Bekana Dejene
Published: August 2024

In this brief commentary the author argues that social protection is not a useful approach to addressing poverty and inequality in low-income countries like Ethiopia. Instead, the author suggests focusing on wealth creation and the capability development approach to poverty reduction. To achieve this, the author proposes targeted state investment expenditure to enhance the productive capabilities of the economically vulnerable population. Besides, the social protection system should prioritize the design and implementation of livelihood improving investment programs, as in-kind or cash transfer support is not sustainable given the elevated level of economic vulnerability. The effectiveness of Ethiopia’s social protection system lies on improving coverage, targeting deserving individuals, and sustainable financing solutions.
Assessing Urban Neighbourhood Resilience to Covid 19 Pandemic in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
Authors: Tifwa Hassan Y. Tifwa , Edibo Jamila O. Edibo , Alaci Davidson S. A. Alaci , Atser Jacob Atser
Published: August 2024

The sudden incidence of COVID-19 at Wuhan in China in December 2019 with its significant death globally and other negative socio-economic impacts has awakened the need to make human settlements resilient to unforeseen tragedy. Nigeria and Jos the capital of Plateau State have had negative experiences with the incidence of covid 19. Considering this, the study aims at assessing the resilience of urban neighbourhoods in Jos North Local Government Area of Plateau State to COVID-19 pandemic. The study objective is to examine the pattern and characteristics of some selected neighborhoods within Jos the study area. In addition to examining the characterisation of infrastructural facilities and to evaluate the environmental challenges that impede adherence to non-pharmaceutical protocols to COVID-19. Two neighbourhoods, Angwan Rukuba and Fudawa were selected to represent the entire Jos North Local Government Area. Relevant literature related to the study was reviewed. The study adopted a direct observation method of the physical characteristics of the neighborhoods and a simple sampling technique of survey where a structured questionnaire was administered to 138 respondents in the two neighborhoods. Descriptive analysis using percentages and tables in relation to the data obtained was used to draw inferences and conclusions. The results obtained shows that the sampled neighborhoods are densely congested informal settlements with unorganized settlement pattern, lacking in basic neighbourhoods’ infrastructure, and poor circulation, among others. These findings imply that the environmental setting of the study area makes compliance with non-pharmaceutical protocols during COVID-19. pandemic difficult. By implication, the neighborhoods lack the resilience capability to cope with the COVID-19. pandemic. The study recommends the need for planning and upgrading of the neighbourhoods’ facilities along with stakeholder public enlightenment on the need to comply to COVID-19. non-pharmaceutical protocols as a step toward building resilient neighbourhoods in Jos North Local Government Area and the metropolis at large.