bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Suggested Curriculum in Career Education to Develop Business Secondary Schools Students' Career Knowledge Management Domains and Professional Thinking
Authors: Fouda Faten Abdelmagied Elsoudy
Published: July 2017

The current research aimed at designing a proposed curriculum in career education for business secondary schools students and measuring its effectiveness on developing career knowledge management domains and professional thinking skills. To achieve the desired goal, the researcher applied the system approach in designing the suggested career education curriculum, the developmental research methodology for developing the instructional materials and media, and the quasi-experimental design to measure the effectiveness the proposed curriculum on a sample of the third grade business secondary school students in Egypt. The suggested curriculum contains four main stages/phases: 1) career knowledge generation; 2) career knowledge organization; 3) career knowledge utilization; and 4) career knowledge distribution. These phases were integrated into one system to develop both career knowledge management skills and professional thinking among the target sample. The units of the curriculum were designed in an interactive way according to the principles of the blended-units approach that concentrates on knowledge and knowledge applications for achieving career requirements needed to joining 21st century business and administration jobs. A sample of 50 students enrolled in a business secondary school were selected randomly and divided equally into two groups: the experimental group (n= 25) and the control group (n= 25). The researcher developed two main instruments: 1) an achievement test; and 2) a professional thinking scale. The achievement test included two parts: 1) measuring the professional knowledge, and 2) performance measuring of the skills of designing professional portfolio. In addition, a rubric was used to evaluate the production of the professional portfolio. The findings revealed that the suggested curriculum was effective in developing both career knowledge management domains and professional thinking skills; as there were significant statistical differences between the two groups in favor of the experimental group. A set of educational recommendations were suggested.
Ethical Responsibilities of Preserving Academicians in an Age of Mechanized Learning
Authors: Willis III James E. , Strunk Viktoria Alane
Published: July 2017

In quickly-changing educational delivery modalities, the central role of the instructor is being redefined by technology. Examining some of the various causes with ethical frameworks of utilitarianism, relativism, and care ethics, the centrality of human agency in educational interaction is argued to be indispensable. While exploring the forefront of online, face-to-face, and massive open online courses, the shape and technique of teaching and learning as well as their corollary research methodologies are being modified with automated technology. Ethical engagement with new technologies like learning analytics, automatic tutors, and automated, rubric-driven graders is proposed to be a frontier of critical thinking.
A Mental Model for Teaching Strategic Marketing Management
Authors: Warren Homer B. , Burns David J.
Published: July 2017

The complex realities of the increasingly global nature of business require managers who are able to see and comprehend the multiple interrelationships of factors in the environment to optimize decision making. This paper offers a mental model used by the authors to help students better understand the heuristic thinking processes that successful strategic marketing managers use in decision making and problem solving. The authors argue that seeing the “whole” marketing system and understanding how to integrate marketing knowledge is a key ingredient in heuristic thinking. To this end, the paper details the foundation for and the construction of a mental model for a strategic marketing management course. An application is discussed.
Management Methodology
Authors: Pierce Janine M. , Velliaris Donna M.
Published: July 2017

This chapter overviews the rationale and methodology underpinning the implementation of two ‘purpose written' case studies delivered within two separate undergraduate Management courses. Finding suitable pre-existing Management-related case studies for different student cohorts can be difficult and time consuming, and may only partially align with the learning objectives. Writing one's own case studies to meet the learning objectives of courses is viewed by the writers as a proactive strategy to redress this gap. It is advantageous that the case study author enables students to apply diagnostic skills in diverse situations that may range from simple to complex, and to ensure that students are drawing on theoretical underpinnings from their Management coursework. This chapter further presents on how to develop in students the ability to shift from being a reactive learner to examining a case proactively through a strategic managerial lens for diagnosing and solving problems.
Advisory Committees
Authors: Neal Julie
Published: July 2017

The community college has transformed into a central hub in regional communities, serving a local workforce, economic development, business and industry, and the subsequent collaborative partnerships (Baber, 2011; Bray, 2011; Kress, 2012). Through a collaborative, proactive effort, business and industry are uniting with community colleges to provide and fund training opportunities to upgrade worker's skills, provide more efficient services, increase employment opportunities in local communities, reduce education program cost, and become business oriented as a community (Baber, 2011; Bray, 2011; Kress, 2012). To offset the expense associated with workforce education programs, colleges are collaborating with businesses and industries. Advisory committees serve as the heart of these partnerships, helping to combine resources, equipment, and knowledge in skilled areas (Greenstone & Looney, 2001; Holzer, 2008). In this chapter, the following issues related to community college advisory committees will be discussed: workforce programs, community college economics, vocational-technical education, current state of workforce and technical programs, statement of the problem, advisory committees, partnerships, program discussion, and future research direction.
Predictors of Instructional Strategy Use of Faculty in Career and Technical Education Programs
Authors: Fletcher Jr. Edward C. , Djajalaksana Yenni
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this research study was to identify potential signature pedagogies in the field of CTE as well as specific disciplines within CTE, and to explain instructional strategy use by faculty's demographic characteristics, course delivery modes, and academic discipline. Based on a national survey of CTE faculty teaching at the postsecondary level, this study found faculty which teach in family and consumer sciences education are significantly more likely to use authentic reflective assessments; Engineering and technology education faculty are significantly more likely to implement knowledge acquisition activities; career and workforce education faculty are significantly more likely to infuse online activities in their courses; and business and/or marketing education faculty are significantly more likely to integrate research, group and discussion-based, knowledge acquisition, and online activities. Findings point to a need for faculty to continue considering alternatives pedagogies which create more engaged courses and maximize student learning.
Professional Masters' STEM Graduate Education Programs to Develop a Business-Savvy Workforce
Authors: Komura Kiriko
Published: July 2017

Educating the future STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) workforce is key to driving economic development worldwide in the 21st century. Institutions of higher education are challenged to grow their students' global competencies. Moreover, highly skilled and talented students need support to seek their business and industry opportunities directly connected to their graduate education. This chapter introduces a case study of interdisciplinary STEM education, known as professional science master's degrees, which has been developed and implemented in the United States for over a decade. The degree was created intentionally incorporating relevant business components customized to professional careers with the promise for increased business and industry economic development regionally, nationally, and internationally. Furthermore, this chapter was designed to help international educators and institutional leaders who seek new developments in graduate degrees in the area of STEM education align with future employment prospects.
Teaching Peace and Marketing Education
Authors: Lam Maria Lai-Ling
Published: July 2017

This chapter presents a peace-centered process of teaching marketing that the author has implemented during 2002-2015 academic years with undergraduate and graduate business students in various marketing courses at two Christian Universities in the United States. The peace-centered process is related to the development of a unified world view about human life in a culture of peace and culture of healing and the development of virtues in a marketing career. The chapter discusses (1) the manifestation of violence in marketing, (2) the concept of a peace-centered process of teaching marketing, (3) the responsibility of marketing educators, and (4) the seven pedagogical strategies for this approach.
Effective Communication Processes
Authors: Ololube Nwachukwu Prince , Agbor Comfort N. , Kpolovie Peter James
Published: July 2017

This chapter assessed the impact of effective communication on Organizational Justice (OJ) in the university system. Internet search revealed that there no empirical studies on the impact of effective communication on OJ in general and in university system in particular. This ground-breaking research is intended to expand our understanding and proves to be a useful addition to the theme of this study. Communication is a characteristic common to all organizations. It is permanent, in that it is always happening, and yet it can happen so slowly that it is rarely ever noticed. On the other hand, certain communication processes, type and style have been forceful enough to draw immediate changes in organizations. To this end, quantitative assessment design was employed and questionnaire was used to measure effective communication processes and the three parts of OJ as it applies to the university system. Lecturers from four public universities responded to a questionnaire that employed a seven-point Likert-type scales. The study found that effective communication processes has positive impact on OJ. Lecturers perceived that their production and service output are not proportionate because of the unfair treatment as a result of the ineffective communication processes.
A Paradigm Shift for Diversity Management
Authors: Byrd Marilyn Y. , Hughes Claretha
Published: July 2017

This chapter brings to light how diversity management, a widely practiced management philosophy, has emerged from an original focus of equal opportunity and representation to a focus on a strategic and competitive business opportunity for organizations. The objective of this chapter is to represent diversity management as an organization-serving philosophy that has failed to uphold a personal, moral, and ethical obligation to the dignity and worth of its socially marginalized workforce. The goal is to recommend a paradigm shift for diversity management that responds to the social injustices experienced by marginalized employees in everyday lived career experiences that can be detrimental to career aspirations.
Business Graduate Market Value
Authors: Bank Diana
Published: July 2017

This chapter discusses the purpose and role of higher education institutions in the creation of highly qualified human resources for the globalized 21st century. As technology and societies change and evolve, universities must adapt and modify their offerings to students who need to be more marketable in an ever more competitive marketplace. As economic conditions have propelled emerging economies as the main engines of growth for the next decades, it is imperative the higher education institutions in the form of business schools, both in developed and emerging markets, create the necessary background and educational opportunities for young students entering the working world. These will include skills in intercultural communication and strategy, as well as new and different ways of negotiating between countries and among companies.
Baseline Drift Removal of ECG Signal
Authors: Bhoi Akash Kumar , Sherpa Karma Sonam , Khandelwal Bidita
Published: July 2017

The filtering techniques are primarily used for preprocessing of the signal and have been implemented in a wide variety of systems for Electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis. It should be remembered that filtering of the ECG is contextual and should be performed only when the desired information remains undistorted. Removal of baseline drift is required in order to minimize changes in beat morphology that do not have cardiac origin, which is especially important when subtle changes in the ‘‘low-frequency'' ST segment are analyzed for the diagnosis of ischemia. Here, for baseline drift removal different filters such as Median, Low Pass Butter Worth, Finite Impulse Response (FIR), Weighted Moving Average and Stationary Wavelet Transform (SWT) are implemented. The fundamental properties of signal before and after baseline drift removal are statistically analyzed.
Self-Assembled Biomimetic Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering
Authors: Karaman Ozan , Celik Cenk , Urkmez Aylin Sendemir
Published: July 2017

Cranial, maxillofacial, and oral fractures, as well as large bone defects, are currently being treated by auto- and allograft procedures. These techniques have limitations such as immune response, donor-site morbidity, and lack of availability. Therefore, the interest in tissue engineering applications as replacement for bone graft has been growing rapidly. Typical bone tissue engineering models require a cell-supporting scaffold in order to maintain a 3-dimensional substrate mimicking in vivo extracellular matrix for cells to attach, proliferate and function during the formation of bone tissue. Combining the understanding of molecular and structural biology with materials engineering and design will enable new strategies for developing biological tissue constructs with clinical relevance. Self-assembled biomimetic scaffolds are especially suitable as they provide spatial and temporal regulation. Specifically, self-assembling peptides capable of in situ gelation serve as attractive candidates for minimally invasive injectable therapies in bone tissue engineering applications.
A Case Study of a Laboratory Information System Developed at the Institute for Cancer Research at Candiolo
Authors: Fiori Alessandro , Grand Alberto , Alberto Piero , Geda Emanuele , Brundu Francesco Gavino , Schioppa Domenico , Bertotti Andrea
Published: July 2017

Research laboratories produce a huge amount of complex and heterogeneous data typically managed by Laboratory Information Management Systems (LIMSs). Although many LIMSs are available, it is often difficult to identify a product that covers all the requirements and peculiarities of a specific institution. To deal with this lack, the Candido Cancer Institute decided to start a project, named the Laboratory Assistant Suite (LAS), with the aim of developing a new software platform that assists researchers throughout diverse laboratory activities. The proposed system can track laboratory experiments even in problematic environments, support the integration of heterogeneous biomedical data, and help in decision-making tasks. In this chapter, the authors present the current architecture of the system, some real-use cases, as well as statistics about stored data and user feedback in order to provide an overview of the functionalities and show the effectiveness of the platform in supporting research in the molecular oncology field.
Unified Wavelet Transform Analysis Adapted to Different Biomedical Applications
Authors: Garg Girisha , Singh Vijander
Published: July 2017

In biomedical signal processing, wavelet transform has gained an edge over other existing methods due to its highly efficient transforming capabilities. Relative wavelet energy is a technique used to extract meaningful and concise information from wavelet coefficients for signal classification. The possibility of classifying large datasets combined with the simplicity of the process makes this technique very attractive for many applications. The focus is on testing and validating the use of this technique on different signals keeping in view the specific needs for various biomedical applications. The importance of this unified technique is highlighted with statistical results and validation on several benchmark datasets.
Information Services to Biomedical Science Through Mobile Technology Applications
Authors: Anbu John Paul
Published: July 2017

Biomedical science is one filed where huge amount of information is generated, distributed over the internet and a number of software tools are also developed to generate information. The quantum of biomedical data along with the proliferation of new data integration technologies have made it important to adopt smart and fast network tools to access information in bioinformatics. It is important to make researchers in biomedical science aware of systematic approaches to access these information. One avenue to implement this approach is to make the biomedical information available through mobile technology which is still missing. It is heartening to see that there are some mobile initiatives taking place in biomedical sciences which provide handy tools for bioinformatics information seekers to access information. This paper is a review of such tools which will aid the library and information professionals to create information literacy in this field in future.
Robotics in Surgical Techniques Robotics in Surgical Techniques
Authors: Costarides Vassilia , Zygomalas Apollon , Giokas Kostas , Koutsouris Dimitris
Published: July 2017

Healthcare robotic applications are a growing trend due to rapid demographic changes that affect healthcare systems, professionals and quality of life indicators, for the elderly, the injured and the disabled. Current technological advances in robotic systems offer an exciting field for medical research, as the interdisciplinary approach of robotics in healthcare and specifically in surgery is continuously gaining ground. This chapter features a review of current applications, from external large scale robotic devices to nanoscale swarm robots programmed to interact on a cellular level.
Biomedical Applications of Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Wani Irshad Ahmad
Published: July 2017

Gold nanoparticles are the subject of intense studies due to the exceptional photo-optical properties combined with the biocompatibility and has proved to be a powerful tool in various nanomedicinal applications. This book chapter discusses the recent advances and current challenges facing the biomedical applications of gold nanoparticles of various sizes and shapes. This chapter summarizes the applications of gold nanoparticles in biomedical area including diagnostic imaging, biosensing, drug delivery, and photothermal and photodynamic strategies etc. The key advantages of the gold nanoparticles including their ease of synthesis and functionalization together with biodistribution and toxicity has also been discussed.
Laser Additive Manufacturing of Titanium-Based Implants
Authors: Maina Martin Ruthandi
Published: July 2017

Titanium and its alloys exhibit a unique combination of mechanical, physical properties and corrosion resistance behaviour which makes them desirable for aerospace, industrial, chemical, medical and energy industries. The selective addition of alloying elements to titanium enables a wide range of physical and mechanical properties to be obtained. Ti-based alloys are finding ever-increasing applications in biomaterials due to their excellent mechanical, physical and biological performance. Intense researches are being pursued in the development of new Ti-based alloys with bio-functionalization closer to human bone, owing to their excellent mechanical strength and resilience when compared to alternative biomaterials, such as polymers and ceramics. Several manufacturing techniques are capable of producing porous materials. There is a need to control pore size, shape, orientation and distribution. This work reviews the application of Ti-based alloys in the biomedical industry and also proposes laser additive manufacture process for the manufacture of medical implants.
Personalized Approach in Nanomedicine
Authors: Vlasova Maria , Smirin Boris V.
Published: July 2017

This chapter characterizes need for new patient-specific approaches in medicine. The authors here illustrate role of nanomedicine and particularly nanotheranostics, combining diagnostic and therapeutic functions, in the paradigm of personalized disease treatment. This chapter discusses current insights regarding the mechanisms of nano-bio interactions and the origin of adverse effects of nanoformulations. Furthermore, this chapter illustrates possible reasons behind an individual physiological response to a given nanomedicine, such as type and stage of disease, physiological conditions and lifestyle of a patient. Finally, a review of possible approaches for the initial choice of nanoformulation, suitable for a given patient is provided at the end of the chapter.
Information Security-Based Nano- and Bio-Cryptography
Authors: Hamoudi W. K. , Al-Saidi Nadia M. G.
Published: July 2017

Information security can provide confidentiality, integrity, and availability for society to benefit efficiently from data storage and open networks. Free space communication networks suffer from adversaries who interfere with data on networked computers. Inventing new protection techniques has arisen to ensure integrity and authenticity of digital information. This chapter introduces Nano and Bio techniques in cryptography to enhance the information security systems. Tasks unfeasible on a classical computer can now be performed by quantum computers, yielding a big impact on online security. Threats of exponentially fast quantum algorithms on business transactions could be overcome by this new technology. Based on biological observations, the exploration of biometric cryptography and authentication to determine individuals' authenticity can be done through numeric measurements. This provides very reliable automated verification and strong protection against biometric system attacks.
Bioabsorbable Anchors for Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Ene Razvan , Panti Zsombor , Nica Mihai , Pleniceanu Marian , Ene Patricia , Cîrstoiu Monica , Cirstoiu Catalin
Published: July 2017

Acute dislocation of the patella is a very common injury of the knee. In more than 90% of the cases the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is injured. Reconstruction of the MPFL has become a popular soft tissue procedure, which reduces hospitalization and the rehabilitation period. Bioabsorbable materials, in form of screws and anchors are ideal for soft fixation to bones in orthopedics. We would like to present our experience and short-term results after MPFL reconstruction with semitendinous autograft and bioabsorbable fixation devices. 10 patients were involved in this study with PF joint instability, who underwent to MPFL reconstruction. In order to evaluate the functional outcome of the procedure we applied the Tegner Lysholm scoring system before and after 3 Months of surgery. MPFL reconstruction significantly improved the functionality of the PF joint. Gender distribution of the studied group was: 7 female with an average age of 25 5,03 SD and 3 male patients with an average age of 29 1 SD. The key for the success in MPFL reconstruction is the positioning of the femoral tunnel, followed by an isometric tensioning of the graft. Bioabsorbable materials reduce inflammatory, and foreign body response facilitating biointegration of the autograft.
The Use of the Ligament Augmentation and Reconstruction System (LARS) in Clinical Practice
Authors: Codorean Ion Bogdan , Tanase Stefania , Cernat Eduard , Diaconu Florin , Popescu Dragos
Published: July 2017

Tendons and ligaments injuries have become more and more common due to the increase of the general populations interest in sports and physical activities. Beginning with the 1970s many researchers have tried to reconstruct the torn ligaments and tendons, at first using products such as Polyflex and Proplast ligaments, with poor results. In recent years the use LARS ligament has been researched. The Ligament Augmentation and Reconstruction System, now at its 3rd generation, is an artificial ligament made out of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) that over time allows tissue ingrowth, recreating the natural orientation of anatomical ligament and tendon fibers.
Further reflections about the document: Psychotherapy for Anxiety and Depression: benefits and costs
Authors: Del Corno Franco
Published: July 2017

Not available.
Design and Implementation of an Antagonistic Exercise Support System Using a Depth Image Sensor
Authors: Watanabe T. , Kamata K. , Hasan S.A. , Kamada M. , Shibusawa S. , Yonekura T. , Yamada M. , Ohashi Y.
Published: July 2017

Dementia is one of the main reasons for elderly people becoming dependent on care. Antagonistic exercise, which involves performing different movements with the upper and lower limbs on the left and right sides, is a form of exercise that uses cognitive and motor functions at the same time. Preventive care professionals who can lead this sort of exercise are few in number compared with elderly people, and are under a heavy burden. On the other hand, the Kinect has become popular as a low-cost device that can acquire human actions. In this study we designed and implemented an antagonistic exercise support system using a Kinect. The user’s joint information acquired from Kinect is used to estimate the exercise, and the system provides real-time feedback to the user. We performed recognition accuracy tests with young and elderly test subjects, and carried out an interview survey to ascertain elderly user opinions.
HeartBeat: Tactile Support for Keeping a Target Heart Rate
Authors: Timmermann Janko , Poppinga Benjamin , Heuten Wilko , Boll Susanne
Published: July 2017

In cardiac rehabilitation, physical activity is essential, but the intensity of exertion as defined by the heart rate should be kept within specific limits. A heart rate monitor helps the user maintain the target range of physical exertion for maximum benefit. According to experts, visual heart rate display are often distracting and uncomfortable. In this paper, we present the results of a less intrusive approach where heart rate zones are encoded with continuous vibro-tactile feedback. In a participatory design study, we obtained designs for tactile heart rate displays, and in a user study with 16 participants we evaluated one design in comparison to a common design. In a second study with 20 participants, we showed that users are able to assess and maintain their optimal heart rate significantly better using our design.
La biosécurité : investissement d’avenir pour les élevages français
Authors: Guériaux Didier , Fediaevsky Alexandre , Ferreira Bruno
Published: July 2017

Biosecurity : invesments for the future of french livestock.

Biosecurity measures accompanied the development of above-ground livestock farming in France during the second half of the 20th century. These dispositions were progressively developed in the State health strategies in the early 2000s, following the identification of contaminations by wildlife : state compensation was then conditional to the implementation of these measures. Following the 2015-2016 influenza avian crisis, these biosecurity measures became mandatory for bird owners. In the future, all sectors, whether extensive or intensive, will have to integrate appropriate biosecurity measures to ensure their sustainability : they will have to integrate these principles into the design of the livestock organization.
Scale dependence of cirrus horizontal heterogeneity effects on TOA measurements – Part I: MODIS brightness temperatures in the thermal infrared
Authors: Fauchez Thomas , Platnick Steven , Meyer Kerry , Cornet Céline , Szczap Frédéric , Várnai Tamás
Published: July 2017

Abstract. This paper presents a study on the impact of cirrus cloud heterogeneities on MODIS simulated thermal infrared (TIR) brightness temperatures (BTs) at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) as a function of spatial resolution from 50 m to 10 km. A realistic 3-D cirrus field is generated by the 3DCLOUD model (average optical thickness of 1.4, cloud-top and base altitudes at 10 and 12 km, respectively, consisting of aggregate column crystals of Deff = 20 µm), and 3-D thermal infrared radiative transfer (RT) is simulated with the 3DMCPOL code. According to previous studies, differences between 3-D BT computed from a heterogenous pixel and 1-D RT computed from a homogeneous pixel are considered dependent at nadir on two effects: (i) the optical thickness horizontal heterogeneity leading to the plane-parallel homogeneous bias (PPHB) and the (ii) horizontal radiative transport (HRT) leading to the independent pixel approximation error (IPAE). A single but realistic cirrus case is simulated and, as expected, the PPHB mainly impacts the low-spatial-resolution results (above ∼ 250 m) with averaged values of up to 5–7 K, while the IPAE mainly impacts the high-spatial-resolution results (below ∼ 250 m) with average values of up to 1–2 K. A sensitivity study has been performed in order to extend these results to various cirrus optical thicknesses and heterogeneities by sampling the cirrus in several ranges of parameters. For four optical thickness classes and four optical heterogeneity classes, we have found that, for nadir observations, the spatial resolution at which the combination of PPHB and HRT effects is the smallest, falls between 100 and 250 m. These spatial resolutions thus appear to be the best choice to retrieve cirrus optical properties with the smallest cloud heterogeneity-related total bias in the thermal infrared. For off-nadir observations, the average total effect is increased and the minimum is shifted to coarser spatial resolutions.
Uncertainties of fluxes and 13C  ∕ 12C ratios of atmospheric reactive-gas emissions
Authors: Gromov Sergey , Brenninkmeijer Carl A. M. , Jöckel Patrick
Published: July 2017

Abstract. We provide a comprehensive review of the proxy data on the 13C ∕ 12C ratios and uncertainties of emissions of reactive carbonaceous compounds into the atmosphere, with a focus on CO sources. Based on an evaluated set-up of the EMAC model, we derive the isotope-resolved data set of its emission inventory for the 1997–2005 period. Additionally, we revisit the calculus required for the correct derivation of uncertainties associated with isotope ratios of emission fluxes. The resulting δ13C of overall surface CO emission in 2000 of −(25. 2 ± 0. 7) ‰ is in line with previous bottom-up estimates and is less uncertain by a factor of 2. In contrast to this, we find that uncertainties of the respective inverse modelling estimates may be substantially larger due to the correlated nature of their derivation. We reckon the δ13C values of surface emissions of higher hydrocarbons to be within −24 to −27 ‰ (uncertainty typically below ±1 ‰), with an exception of isoprene and methanol emissions being close to −30 and −60 ‰, respectively. The isotope signature of ethane surface emission coincides with earlier estimates, but integrates very different source inputs. δ13C values are reported relative to V-PDB.
Decadal change of summertime reactive nitrogen species and surface ozone over the Southeast United States
Authors: Li Jingyi , Mao Jingqiu , Fiore Arlene M. , Cohen Ronald C. , Crounse John D. , Teng Alex P. , Wennberg Paul O. , Lee Ben H. , Lopez-Hilfiker Felipe D. , Thornton Joel A. , Peischl Jeff , Pollack Ilana B. , Ryerson Thomas B. , Veres Patrick , Roberts James M. , Neuman J. Andrew , Nowak John B. , Wolfe Glenn M. , Hanisco Thomas F. , Fried Alan , Singh Hanwant B. , Dibb Jack , Paulot Fabien , Horowitz Larry W.
Published: July 2017

Abstract. Widespread efforts to abate ozone (O3) smog have significantly reduced nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions over the past two decades in the Southeast U.S. (SEUS), a place heavily influenced by both anthropogenic and biogenic emissions. How reactive nitrogen speciation responds to the reduction in NOx emissions in this region remains to be elucidated. Here we exploit aircraft measurements from ICARTT (July–August, 2004), SENEX (June–July, 2013), and SEAC4RS (August–September, 2013) and long-term ground measurement networks alongside a global chemistry-climate model to examine decadal changes in summertime reactive nitrogen species and ozone over the Southeast U.S. We find that most reactive nitrogen species, including NOx, peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) and nitric acid (HNO3) decline proportionally with decreasing NOx emissions in this region, leading to a similar decline in exported NOy. This linear response is in part due to the nearly constant summertime supply of biogenic VOC emissions in this region. Our model captures the observed relative change of reactive nitrogen species and surface ozone from 2004 to 2013. Model sensitivity tests indicate that further reductions of NOx emissions will lead to a continued decline in surface ozone and less frequent extreme ozone events.
The GEOVIDE cruise in May–June 2014 reveals an intense Meridional Overturning Circulation over a cold and fresh subpolar North Atlantic
Authors: Zunino Patricia , Lherminier Pascale , Mercier Herlé , Daniault Nathalie , García-Ibáñez Maria Isabel , Pérez Fiz F.
Published: July 2017

Abstract. The GEOVIDE cruise was carried out in the subpolar North Atlantic (SPNA), along the OVIDE section and across the Labrador Sea, in May–June 2014. It was planned to clarify the distribution of the trace elements and their isotopes in the SPNA as part of the GEOTRACES international program. This paper focuses on the state of the circulation and distribution of thermohaline properties during the cruise. In terms of circulation, the comparison with the 2002–2012 mean state shows a more intense Irminger current and also a weaker North Atlantic Current, with a transfer of volume transport from its northern to its central branch. However, those anomalies are compatible with the variability already observed along the OVIDE section in the 2000s. In terms of properties, the surface waters of the eastern SPNA were much colder and fresher than the averages over 2002–2012. Remarkably, in spite of negative temperature anomalies in the surface waters, the heat transport across the OVIDE section, estimated at 0.56 ± 0.06 PW, was the largest measured since 2002. This relatively large value is related to the relatively strong Meridional Overturning Circulation measured across the OVIDE section during GEOVIDE (18.7 ± 3.0 Sv). Analyzing the air-sea heat and freshwater fluxes over the eastern SPNA in relation to the heat and freshwater content changes observed during 2013 and 2014, we concluded that these changes were mainly driven by air–sea heat and freshwater fluxes rather than by ocean circulation.
Modelling firn thickness evolution during the last deglaciation: constraints on sensitivity to temperature and impurities
Authors: Bréant Camille , Martinerie Patricia , Orsi Anaïs , Arnaud Laurent , Landais Amaëlle
Published: July 2017

Abstract. The transformation of snow into ice is a complex phenomenon that is difficult to model. Depending on surface temperature and accumulation rate, it may take several decades to millennia for air to be entrapped in ice. The air is thus always younger than the surrounding ice. The resulting gas–ice age difference is essential to documenting the phasing between CO2 and temperature changes, especially during deglaciations. The air trapping depth can be inferred in the past using a firn densification model, or using δ15N of air measured in ice cores. All firn densification models applied to deglaciations show a large disagreement with δ15N measurements at several sites in East Antarctica, predicting larger firn thickness during the Last Glacial Maximum, whereas δ15N suggests a reduced firn thickness compared to the Holocene. Here we present modifications of the LGGE firn densification model, which significantly reduce the model–data mismatch for the gas trapping depth evolution over the last deglaciation at the coldest sites in East Antarctica (Vostok, Dome C), while preserving the good agreement between measured and modelled modern firn density profiles. In particular, we introduce a dependency of the creep factor on temperature and impurities in the firn densification rate calculation. The temperature influence intends to reflect the dominance of different mechanisms for firn compaction at different temperatures. We show that both the new temperature parameterization and the influence of impurities contribute to the increased agreement between modelled and measured δ15N evolution during the last deglaciation at sites with low temperature and low accumulation rate, such as Dome C or Vostok. We find that a very low sensitivity of the densification rate to temperature has to be used in the coldest conditions. The inclusion of impurity effects improves the agreement between modelled and measured δ15N at cold East Antarctic sites during the last deglaciation, but deteriorates the agreement between modelled and measured δ15N evolution at Greenland and Antarctic sites with high accumulation unless threshold effects are taken into account. We thus do not provide a definite solution to the firnification at very cold Antarctic sites but propose potential pathways for future studies.
Semiautomatic sun shots with the WIDIF DIflux
Authors: Rasson Jean L. , Hendrickx Olivier , Marin Jean-Luc
Published: July 2017

Abstract. The determination of magnetic declination angle entails finding two directions: geographic north and magnetic north. This paper deals with the former. The known way to do it by using the sun's calculable orientation in the sky is improved by using a device based on a WIDIF DIflux theodolite and split photocells positioned on its telescope ocular. Given the WIDIF accurate timing and location provided by the onboard GPS receiver, an astronomical computation can be effected to accurately and quickly determine the sun's azimuth and an auxiliary mark's azimuth. The precise sun's crossing of the split photocell, amplified by the telescope's magnification, allows azimuth accuracies of a few seconds of arc.
SILLi 1.0: A 1D Numerical Tool Quantifying the Thermal Effects of Sill
Intrusions
Authors: Iyer Karthik , Svensen Henrik , Schmid Daniel W.
Published: July 2017

Abstract. Igneous intrusions in sedimentary basins may have a profound effect on the thermal structure and physical properties of the hosting sedimentary rocks. These include mechanical effects such as deformation and uplift of sedimentary layers, generation of overpressure, mineral reactions and porosity evolution, and fracturing and vent formation following devolatilization reactions and the generation of CO2 and CH4. The gas generation and subsequent migration and venting may have contributed to several of the past climatic changes such as the end-Permian event and the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum. Additionally, the generation and expulsion of hydrocarbons and cracking of pre-existing oil reservoirs around a hot magmatic intrusion is of significant interest to the energy industry. In this paper, we present a user-friendly 1D FEM based tool, SILLi, which calculates the thermal effects of sill intrusions on the enclosing sedimentary stratigraphy. The model is accompanied by three case studies of sills emplaced in two different sedimentary basins, the Karoo Basin in South Africa and the Vøring Basin offshore Norway. Input data for the model is the present-day well log or sedimentary column with an Excel input file and includes rock parameters such as thermal conductivity, total organic carbon (TOC) content, porosity, and latent heats. The model accounts for sedimentation and burial based on a rate calculated by the sedimentary layer thickness and age. Erosion of the sedimentary column is also included to account for realistic basin evolution. Multiple sills can be emplaced within the system with varying ages. The emplacement of a sill occurs instantaneously. The model can be applied to volcanic sedimentary basins occurring globally. The model output includes the thermal evolution of the sedimentary column through time, and the changes that take place following sill emplacement such as TOC changes, thermal maturity, and the amount of organic and carbonate-derived CO2. The TOC and vitrinite results can be readily benchmarked within the tool to present-day values measured within the sedimentary column. This allows the user to determine the conditions required to obtain results that match observables and leads to a better understanding of metamorphic processes in sedimentary basins.
Simplified representation of runoff attenuation features within analysis of the hydrological performance of a natural flood management scheme
Authors: Metcalfe Peter , Beven Keith , Hankin Barry , Lamb Rob
Published: July 2017

Abstract. Hillslope Runoff Attenuation Features (RAFs) are soft-engineered overland flow interception structures utilised in natural flood management, designed to reduce connectivity between fast overland flow pathways and the channel. The performance of distributed networks of these features is poorly understood. Extensive schemes can potentially retain large quantities of runoff storage but there are suggestions that much of their effectiveness can be attributed to desynchronisation of subcatchment flood waves, and that inappropriately-sited measures may increase rather than mitigate flood risk. Fully-distributed hydrodynamic models have been applied in limited studies but introduce computational complexity. The longer run-times of such models also restricts their use for uncertainty estimation or evaluation of the many potential configurations and storm sequences that may influence the timing and magnitude of flood waves. We applied a simplified overland flow routing module and representation of RAFs to the headwaters of a large rural catchment in Cumbria, U.K., where the use of an extensive network of such features is proposed as a flood mitigation strategy. The model was run in a Monte Carlo framework over a two-month period of extreme flood events which occurred in late 2015 that caused significant damage in areas downstream. Using the GLUE uncertainty estimation framework, we scored our set of acceptable realisations and these weighted behavioural realisations were rerun with one of three drain-down time or residence time parameters applied across the network of RAFs. The study demonstrates that the impacts of schemes comprising widely-distributed ensembles of RAFs can be modelled effectively within such a reduced complexity framework. It shows the importance of effective residence times on antecedent conditions in a sequence of events. We discuss uncertainties and limitations introduced by the simplified representation of the overland flow routing and RAF representation and how it could be verified and improved using experimental evidence. We suggest ways in which features could be grouped more strategically and means by which the synchronisation issue could be addressed.
MAPEAMENTO DA SENSIBILIDADE EROSIVA NA BACIA DO RIO SAHY, MUNICÍPIO DE MANGARATIBA (RJ)
Authors: Da Silva Lima Maria Luciene , Barbosa Débora Rodrigues , Oliveira Renata Ribeiro de
Published: July 2017

O estudo propõe avaliar áreas sensíveis aos processos erosivos existentes na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Sahy, buscando compreender seus processos de uso e ocupação, na avaliação de áreas sensíveis às atividades erosivas na análise de riscos. O desenvolvimento do estudo consistiu em etapas de levantamento bibliográfico sobre a área de estudo e fundamentação teórica, análise e seleção de dados secundários georreferenciados (vetoriais e rasters) e tabulares, os quais utilizou-se de técnicas de geoprocessamento com o uso de Sistema de Informação Geográfica (SIG) para avaliação final de mapa síntese na análise as áreas sensíveis. A pesquisa em análise integrada resulta na reflexão sobre as dinâmicas históricas e coletivas de uso e ocupação e cenários atuais das áreas estudadas. O planejamento dos espaços, depende desse conhecimento para gerenciamento de contextos vulneráveis e áreas de risco, os quais normalmente se dão sob múltiplos usos, podendo ser identificados na atualidade como vulnerabilidades para a população local de modo que se possa pensar em sustentabilidades locais a partir da análise das transformações das paisagens dos sistemas socioecológicos em decorrências de tais processos.
MUSEU DE GEOCIÊNCIAS (UNICENTRO / CAMPUS IRATI): CONTRIBUINDO PARA A EDUCAÇÃO NÃO FORMAL E INCENTIVANDO A PESQUISA CIENTÍFICA E A VALORIZAÇÃO DO PATRIMÔNIO NATURAL
Authors: Basso Luiz Carlos , Charnei Ana Maria , Moreira Lara Ângela Guedes , França Silva Julio Manoel
Published: July 2017

Este trabalho busca visa apresentar a trajetória do projeto Museu de Geociências da Universidade Estadual do Centro-Oeste do Paraná (UNICENTRO), Campus Irati, ao longo dos primeiros quinze anos de atividade com destaque para as ações educativas não formal de extensão universitária e pesquisa sobre o Patrimônio Natural de Irati e municípios circunvizinhos. Desde a sua criação, em 1997,o Museu iniciou coleção didática científica com exemplares taxidermizados da avifauna regional, fósseis, rochas e minerais. Desenvolveu exposições permanentes, temporárias, itinerantes, oficinas, minicursos, palestras e empréstimo de sua coleção didática para a comunidade estudantil, tendo atingido um público considerável, despertando a curiosidade e a consciência ambiental. Contanto com reserva técnica, laboratório de taxidermia, amplo acervo geológico (rochas, minerais e fósseis) e espaço expositivo próprio, o projeto, já institucionalizado academicamente, busca o credenciamento junto ao Conselho Estadual de Museus (COSEM), ampliando as parcerias e ações extensionistas.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE A PARTICIPAÇÃO SOCIAL NA GESTÃO HÍDRICA NO BRASIL
Authors: Silva Carvalho Marcia Eliane , Andrade Moreira Odirley Batista
Published: July 2017

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar reflexões sobre a participação social na gestão dos recursos hídricos, analisando se esse convite à sociedade trata-se de transformações no paradigma de pensamento dominante ou se tais mudanças encontram respaldo somente na legislação e como poucas alterações no modelo vigente. Para atingir o objetivo proposto foi realizada uma revisão da literatura sobre a temática, tomando como base as considerações de Morin (2000), Tundisi (2005), Guerra et.al. (2005), Jacobi e Barbi (2007), Leff (2000, 2009), dentre outros. Os passos mais consistentes na direção de incluir as populações locais na gestão dos recursos hídricos vêm se delinear com mais clareza a partir da década de 1990. Embora com os avanços registrados na implementação e operacionalização das instâncias participativas coletivas, a exemplos dos Comitês de Bacias Hidrográficas, um dos gargalos encontra-se na fragilidade das organizações coletivas e da sociedade civil, bem como a resistência de certos segmentos e setores de usuários tradicionalmente privilegiados (grandes agricultores e indústrias) que se caracterizam como entraves para o pleno exercicio de democratização ao uso e a gestão das águas, fazendo-se necessário o fortalecimento das organizações que representam a sociedade excluída do processo capitalista global.