bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of silver nanoparticles as antibacterial agent derived from leaf and callus of Celastrus paniculatus Willd
Authors: Solanki Anita , Rathod Dipika , Patel Illa C. , Panigrahi Jitendriya
Published: March 2021

Background

Celastrus paniculatus Willd. is a rich source of numerous active constituents such as celapanigin, celapagin, malkangunin, celapanin, zeylasteral, pristimerin, and zeylasterone which render medicinal properties to its various parts. Therefore, the present work provides a protocol for the synthesis of AgNPs from in vivo leaf and in vitro developed callus extract of C. paniculatus and both the extracts have great antibacterial potential, which may give immense support for the drug preparation using AgNPs prepared from this valuable medicinal plant.

Results

High frequencies of calli induced from leaves and its counterpart, i.e., the natural part leaf were selected as the experimental materials for the green synthesis. The collected data exhibited gradual color variations started with whitish color, creamish, and after 8 weeks it ultimately turns into a solid mass of brownish callus. The silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using in vivo fresh leaves and in vitro developed callus extracts with an indication of brown colored complex. Further confirmation of AgNPs synthesis in both the samples was done using UV-visible spectral analysis followed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) analysis.

Conclusion

The antibacterial activity of both extracts reflected the presence of the zone of inhibition in both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. AgNPs derived from callus extract showed better results with 24.00 ± 1.00 mm zones of inhibition. This protocol deserves the recognition of the antibacterial potential of AgNPs synthesized from CP plant extracts.
ТРУДОВОЙ ПОТЕНЦИАЛ СЕЛЬСКИХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ: СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТ К(Ф)Х РЕГИОНА
Authors: Bukhvostov Yuri Viktorovich , Kravchenko Tatyana Svyatoslavovna
Published: March 2021

В условиях сложной экономической ситуации у аграрного сектора России появилась возможность повышения эффективности производства продукции сельского хозяйства. В ситуации неравномерности социально-экономического развития сельских территорий, установления политического курса на импортозамещение продукции сельского хозяйства, а так же реализации Стратегии долгосрочного социально-экономического развития агропромышленного комплекса России и Концепции устойчивого развития сельских территорий особую актуальность приобретает проблема формирования трудового потенциала сельских территорий.Достижение определенных производственных показателей невозможно без участия высококвалифицированных кадров, которые обеспечивают качество ее выпуска, рост производительности труда, высокий уровень рентабельности организаций. Основным источником трудового потенциала для хозяйствующих субъектов отрасли АПК остаются сельские территории.Одним из важнейших факторов, предопределяющим проблемы развития и становления трудового потенциала К(Ф)Х, является снижение численности сельского населения, что связано с высоким уровнем смертности и миграцией населения. Формированию трудовых ресурсов фермерских хозяйств в последнее время стало уделяться много внимания. На наш взгляд в области трудового потенциала малых форм хозяйствования, особое внимание следует уделить выявлению и дальнейшему изучению проблем его формирования и развития.Цель работы: определение проблемных факторов развития трудового потенциала сельских территорий, обеспечивающего устойчивое социально-экономическое развитие малых форм хозяйствования села и оказывающего влияние на уровень обеспечения продовольственной безопасности страны.Методы исследования. В основу научного исследования положены экономико-статистический и аналитический методы, а так же методы стратегического анализа и взаимосвязи социально-экономических явлений, системный подход.Результаты: сформулированы основные проблемы формирования трудового потенциала сельских территорий региона и предложены направления по привлечению молодых специалистов в АПК;Область применения результатов: полученные результаты послужат основой для разработки региональных программ по развитию сельских территорий, по включению результатов в нормативный порядок конкурсного отбора глав К(Ф)Х на получение гранта на создание и развитие фермерского хозяйства, а также исследования могут являться аналитической базой при изучении проблем устойчивого развития села в регионах.
Integer Programming Formulations for Minimum Spanning Tree Interdiction
Authors: Wei Ningji , Walteros Jose L. , Pajouh Foad Mahdavi
Published: March 2021

We consider a two-player interdiction problem staged over a graph where the attacker’s objective is to minimize the cost of removing edges from the graph so that the defender’s objective, that is, the weight of a minimum spanning tree in the residual graph, is increased up to a predefined level r. Standard approaches for graph interdiction frame this type of problems as bilevel formulations, which are commonly solved by replacing the inner problem by its dual to produce a single-level reformulation. In this paper, we study an alternative integer program derived directly from the attacker’s solution space and show that this formulation yields a stronger linear relaxation than the bilevel counterpart. Furthermore, we analyze the convex hull of the feasible solutions of the problem and identify several families of facet-defining inequalities that can be used to strengthen this integer program. We then proceed by introducing a different formulation defined by a set of so-called supervalid inequalities that may exclude feasible solutions, albeit solutions whose objective value is not better than that of an edge cut of minimum cost. We discuss several computational aspects required for an efficient implementation of the proposed approaches. Finally, we perform an extensive set of computational experiments to test the quality of these formulations, analyzing and comparing the benefits of each model, as well as identifying further enhancements.

Summary of Contribution: Network interdiction has received significant attention over the last couple of decades, with a notable peak of interest in recent years. This paper provides an interesting balance between the theoretical and computational aspects of solving a challenging network interdiction problem via integer programming. We present several technical developments, including a detailed study of the problem's solution space, multiple formulations, and a polyhedral analysis of the convex hull of feasible solutions. We then analyze the results of an extensive set of computational experiments that were used to validate the effectiveness of the different methods we developed in this paper.
Humanitarian news frame in Harian Republika and Kompas on Wamena ferugees (framing analysis on Republika news and Kompas edition 24 – 30 September 2019 on the tragedy of the riots in Wamena)
Authors: Sitohan Ghafur
Published: March 2021

Conflict against the backdrop of the dissemination of hoaks information, accompanied by elements of racism repeated and targeted papuans. In 2019, a riot led to an alleged racist slur by a teacher, to his student on September 18, 2019. The unrest resulted in various humanitarian problems, such as civilian casualties and destruction of public facilities. As a result, a wave of problems related to the exodus of citizens continues to come. This research aims to discuss the news frame of two media, namely Republika Daily and Kompas with discussion of the Tragedy of Riots in Wamena City, Papua Province (September 24, 2019 - September 30, 2019). Meanwhile, the concept of a crisis of manness and responsibility to protect both media, agreed to package it in the same point of view. The frame of republika and kompas daily news in the concept of humanitarian crisis is classified in the complex emergencies category, and the facts presented about the role of the Government in accordance with the concept of responsibility to protect.
Occurrence of the small hive beetle (Aethina tumida) in Melipona rufiventris colonies in Brazil
Authors: Pereira Sérgio Nogueira , Alves Luis Henrique Soares , Costa Renata Falcão Rabello da , Prezoto Fábio , Teixeira Erica Weinstein
Published: March 2021

Several traits make stingless bees attractive to parasites of honey bee colonies. The small hive beetle (SHB) Aethina tumida, a honey bee colony scavenger/parasite native to sub-Saharan Africa, where is considered only a minor pest, is now present on almost all continents, including the Latin America region in South America. SHB has been recorded in Brazil since 2016 in Africanized honey bees and generaly the beetle does not seem cause negative impacts. European honey bees, on the other hand, suffer considerable damage when parasitized by SHB, suggesting a potential threat to other susceptible social bees. The present study reports the first occurrence of SHB in stingless bees in Brazil, and is an alert to authorities and stingless beekeepers to prevent infestations.
Changes in the fine-scale genetic structure of Finland through the 20th century
Authors: Kerminen Sini , Cerioli Nicola , Pacauskas Darius , Havulinna Aki S. , Perola Markus , Jousilahti Pekka , Salomaa Veikko , Daly Mark J. , Vyas Rupesh , Ripatti Samuli , Pirinen Matti
Published: March 2021

Information about individual-level genetic ancestry is central to population genetics, forensics and genomic medicine. So far, studies have typically considered genetic ancestry on a broad continental level, and there is much less understanding of how more detailed genetic ancestry profiles can be generated and how accurate and reliable they are. Here, we assess these questions by developing a framework for individual-level ancestry estimation within a single European country, Finland, and we apply the framework to track changes in the fine-scale genetic structure throughout the 20th century. We estimate the genetic ancestry for 18,463 individuals from the National FINRISK Study with respect to up to 10 genetically and geographically motivated Finnish reference groups and illustrate the annual changes in the fine-scale genetic structure over the decades from 1920s to 1980s for 12 geographic regions of Finland. We detected major changes after a sudden, internal migration related to World War II from the region of ceded Karelia to the other parts of the country as well as the effect of urbanization starting from the 1950s. We also show that while the level of genetic heterogeneity in general increases towards the present day, its rate of change has considerable differences between the regions. To our knowledge, this is the first study that estimates annual changes in the fine-scale ancestry profiles within a relatively homogeneous European country and demonstrates how such information captures a detailed spatial and temporal history of a population. We provide an interactive website for the general public to examine our results.
Biological characteristics and metabolic profile of canine mesenchymal stem cells isolated from adipose tissue and umbilical cord matrix
Authors: Marcoccia Romina , Nesci Salvatore , Merlo Barbara , Ballotta Giulia , Algieri Cristina , Pagliarani Alessandra , Iacono Eleonora
Published: March 2021

Despite the increasing demand of cellular therapies for dogs, little is known on the differences between adult and fetal adnexa canine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and data on their metabolic features are lacking. The present study aimed at comparing the characteristics of canine adipose tissue (AT) and umbilical cord matrix (UC) MSCs. Moreover, for the first time in the dog, the cellular bioenergetics were investigated by evaluating the two main metabolic pathways (oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis) of ATP production. Frozen-thawed samples were used for this study. No differences in mean cell proliferation were found (P>0.05). However, while AT-MSCs showed a progressive increase in doubling time over passages, UC-MSCs showed an initial post freezing-thawing latency. No differences in migration, spheroid formation ability, and differentiation potential were found (P>0.05). RT-PCR analysis confirmed the expression of CD90 and CD44, the lack of CD14 and weak expression of CD34, mostly by AT-MSCs. DLA-DRA1 and DLA-DQA1 were weakly expressed only at passage 0 by UC-MSCs, while they were expressed at different passages for AT-MSCs. There was no difference (P>0.05) in total ATP production between cell cultures, but the ratio between the “mitochondrial ATP Production Rate” and the “glycolytic ATP Production Rate” was higher (P<0.05) in AT- than in UC-MSCs. However, in both MSCs types the mitochondrial respiration was the main pathway of ATP production. Mitochondrial respiration and ATP turnover in UC-MSCs were higher (P<0.05) than in AT-MSCs, but both had a 100% coupling efficiency. These features and the possibility of increasing the oxygen consumption by a spare respiratory capacity of four (AT-MSCSs) and two (UC-MSCs) order of magnitude greater than basal respiration, can be taken as indicative of the cell propensity to differentiate. The findings may efficiently contribute to select the most appropriate MSCs, culture and experimental conditions for transplantation experiments in mesenchymal stem cell therapy for companion animals.
Level of hemoglobin among cow milk and camel milk consuming young children: A comparative study
Authors: Abdurahman Ahmed , Gashu Dawd
Published: March 2021

Background

Cow milk is an important source of macro-and micronutrients. However, it has low iron content but high content of casein and calcium thus could negatively influence hemoglobin synthesis. On the other hand, camel milk contains higher iron concentration than cow milk. In addition, the majority of iron in camel milk is associated with the lower molecular fraction of casein suggesting better bioavailability. Furthermore, vitamin C concentration, a useful iron absorption enhancer, is more than three-fold greater in camel milk than cow milk. This study compared hemoglobin concentration among young children consuming consistently cow milk or camel milk.

Methods

Hemoglobin concentration of young children (aged 6–59 mo) from settled pastoralist communities of the Somali region, Ethiopia, consistently consuming cow milk (n = 166) or camel milk (n = 166) was determined. In addition, socio-demographic and water, sanitation, and hygienic (WASH) conditions of study participants’ households were captured. Furthermore, dietary intake and anthropometric characteristics of participating children were assessed.

Results

Among the participating children, 38.6% were underweight, 33.4% were stunted, and 34.5% were wasted. In addition, 77.4% of children were anemic. The present study households had poor WASH conditions. Only 0.6% of children had the minimum acceptable dietary diversity. There was small but significant mean hemoglobin difference among camel milk and cow milk consuming children (9.6±1.8 g/dl vs 9.1±2.2 g/dl; p = 0.012). In addition, the odds of low hemoglobin concentration was greater among cow milk consuming children than camel milk consuming children [AOR 2.17; 95 CI; 1.39, 3.37; p = 0.001]. However, the overall anemia prevalence among the two groups was similar.

Conclusion

Camel milk consumption is associated with better hemoglobin concentration but may not be sufficient to prevent anemia in populations from resource poor settings. The etiology of anemia is multifactorial thus further studies on the link between milk consumption and hemoglobin concentration are important.
Study on mechanical properties and permeability of elliptical porous scaffold based on the SLM manufactured medical Ti6Al4V
Authors: Shi Chenglong , Lu Nana , Qin Yaru , Liu Mingdi , Li Hongxia , Li Haichao
Published: March 2021

In this paper, we take the elliptical pore structure which is similar to the microstructure of cancellous bone as the research object, four groups of bone scaffolds were designed from the perspective of pore size, porosity and pore distribution. The size of the all scaffolds were uniformly designed as 10 × 10 × 12 mm. Four groups of model samples were prepared by selective laser melting (SLM) and Ti6Al4V materials. The statics performance of the scaffolds was comprehensively evaluated by mechanical compression simulation and mechanical compression test, the manufacturing error of the scaffold samples were evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the permeability of the scaffolds were predicted and evaluated by simulation analysis of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The results show that the different distribution of porosity, pore size and pores of the elliptical scaffold have a certain influence on the mechanical properties and permeability of the scaffold, and the reasonable size and angle distribution of the elliptical pore can match the mechanical properties and permeability of the elliptical pore scaffold with human cancellous bone, which has great potential for research and application in the field of artificial bone scaffold.
Polymorphic SERPINA3 prolongs oligomeric state of amyloid beta
Authors: Akbor Maruf Mohammad , Kurosawa Nobuyuki , Nakayama Hiroki , Nakatani Ayumi , Tomobe Koji , Chiba Yoichi , Ueno Masaki , Tanaka Masashi , Nomura Yasuyuki , Isobe Masaharu
Published: March 2021

Molecular chaperon SERPINA3 colocalizes with accumulated amyloid peptide in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patient’s brain. From the QTL analysis, we narrowed down Serpina3 with two SNPs in senescence-accelerated mouse prone (SAMP) 8 strain. Our study showed SAMP8 type Serpina3 prolonged retention of oligomeric Aβ 42 for longer duration (72 hr) while observing under transmission electron microscope (TEM). From Western blot results, we confirmed presence of Aβ 42 oligomeric forms (trimers, tetramers) were maintained for longer duration only in the presences of SAMP8 type Serpina3. Using SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line, we observed until 36 hr preincubated Aβ 42 with SAMP8 type Serpina3 caused neuronal cell death compared to 12 hr preincubated Aβ 42 with SAMR1 or JF1 type Serpina3 proteins. Similar results were found by extending this study to analyze the effect of polymorphism of SERPINA3 gene of the Japanese SNP database for geriatric research (JG-SNP). We observed that polymorphic SERPINA3 I308T (rs142398813) prolonged toxic oligomeric Aβ 42 forms till 48 hr in comparison to the presence wild type SERPINA3 protein, resulting neuronal cell death. From this study, we first clarified pathogenic regulatory role of polymorphic SERPINA3 in neurodegeneration.
Para and Protima: A tête-à-tête1
Authors: Yadav Anubha
Published: March 2021

This short speculative text explores the relationship between the corporeality of a screenwriter and the materiality of a physical space, including its imaginary losses and effects on women’s creative collaborations. In this text, I draw from the information that Begum Para and Protima Dasgupta were spending a lot of time together in Bombay, living under the same roof, when their creative partnership blossomed and gave the industry a production house, a director-producer, a screen star and more than a few films. Although this text takes the form of creative writing, it is based on historical and archival research.
O Curso Aristotélico Jesuíta Conimbricense. Tomo III: De Caelo - Parte I
Authors: Carvalho Mário Santiago de , Pinho Sebastião Tavares de
Published: March 2021

Volume dedicado ao 'De Caelo' de Aristóteles dos Comentários a Aristóteles do Colégio Jesuíta Conimbricense, publicado em Lisboa 1593, da autoria de Manuel de Góis (1543-1597), tendo como temas estudados e comentados: o ente móvel, a estrutura e composição do Universo, os cinco corpos simples, os quatro elementos do chamado mundo sublunar, respetiva sede e tipo de movimento local.
Uso de dados hidrogeofísicos e modelos numéricos como alternativa na otimização de locações de poços em um aquífero não confinado
Authors: Alves Rafaela da Silva , Lucena Leandson Roberto Fernandes de
Published: March 2021

Aquíferos compartimentados por falhas ficam sujeitos às diversas alterações, entre elas a variação de espessuras saturadas e padrões de fluxo. O Aquífero Barreiras, em uma área na região Leste do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, estruturalmente compartimentado por falhamentos Neógenos, possui uma bateria de 12 poços tubulares instalados no ano de 2011, os quais captam cerca de 750 m³/h destinados ao suprimento de água de municípios interioranos. Nesse contexto, o presente artigo aborda a otimização de locações adicionais de poços através do uso alternativo de dados hidrogeofísicos e modelos numéricos, no âmbito de um aquífero estruturalmente compartimentado. A metodologia contou com o uso de modelos geoelétricos inversos 1D, correlação entre perfis litológicos dos poços e seções hidrogeofísicas, destinadas a aprofundar a caracterização da compartimentação estrutural do aquífero, além de um mapa de espessura saturada para guiar as simulações numéricas efetuadas no MODFLOW. O mapa de espessura saturada indica que na região oeste da área estão os menores valores deste parâmetro, entre 30 e 40 m. Por outro lado, na região nordeste ocorrem isolinhas de 70 até um máximo de 90 m de espessura saturada. As simulações numéricas, por sua vez, indicaram que as áreas de grábens relativos são as mais propícias para futuras perfurações. Essas áreas possuem maiores espessuras saturadas podendo, assim, indicar setores com maiores vazões de explotação disponíveis.
Vergessen erzählen
Authors: Dieckmann Letizia
Published: March 2021

Demenz gefährdet unmittelbar unser Selbstbild und die Fähigkeiten des Erinnerns und Begreifens. Aufgrund steigender Diagnosezahlen und begrenzter Therapiemöglichkeiten ist das Krankheitsbild gar zum »Menetekel« der alternden Industrienationen geworden. Dabei wohnt Demenz-Erkrankungen ein nahezu skandalöses und (anti-)literarisches Moment inne: Erkrankte laufen Gefahr, nicht mehr selbst erzählen zu können. An dieser Stelle setzen literarische Demenz-Darstellungen an: Fiktionale wie autobiographische Texte - etwa von Max Frisch, Arno Geiger oder Tilman Jens - nehmen die Krankheit zum Ausgang poetologischer, gesellschaftspolitischer und moralischer Reflexionen. Doch wie lässt sich das Vergessen erzählen?
Histories of Technology Culture Manifestos
Authors: Foster Ellen K.
Published: March 2021

Taking impetus from a collaborative conversation about writing a feminist repair manifesto, this article is focused on examining radical feminist manifestos, new technology manifestos, and their intersecting themes and influence upon cyberfeminist manifestos. Its theoretical underpinnings include histories of repair and maintenance and the manifesto as technological form. As a practice, repair and theorisations of repair regarding technology take into account invisible labour and create a relationship of care not only within communities, but in relation to everyday technologies. Since this work to write a feminist fixers’ manifesto was inspired by the iFixit Repair Manifesto, the NYC Fixers Collective manifesto, as well as manifestos from radical feminist technology movements, it seemed appropriate to consider and critically engage the function of manifestos in these various maker and digital technology communities, as well as the history of radical feminist manifestos in response to cultural oppression. By looking more deeply at specific historical instances and their function, I aim to uncover the importance of such artefacts to give voice to alternative narratives and practices, to subvert systemic oppressions while at other times reproducing them in their form. I argue that there is power in iterating and proliferating manifestos with a critical stance and work to establish the knowledge-producing and world-making potentials of manifesto writing.
“What You Can Invent over the Weekend” and the Recurring History of Corporate DIY
Authors: Shorey Samantha
Published: March 2021

At the emergence of the contemporary American maker movement, O’Reilly’s Make: magazine positioned making as a method of innovation beyond the system of industrial research and development. These narratives emphasised the value of hands-on, material engagement for inspiring novel ideas and building inventive minds. This Do-It- Yourself (DIY) spirit was positioned as inherently oppositional to the corporate groupthink of “do as you’re told”. Today, dominant public discourses tend to emphasise the power of digital fabrication tools - collapsing much of the innovative potential of the maker movement into a single set of material practices and thus limiting the analytic field of making research. In this “Entering the Field” format article, I explore two maker texts: early issues of Make: magazine (published between 2005 and 2007) and a collection of pamphlets produced by the General Motors Information Rack Service throughout the 1950s. These pamphlets were distributed for free in order to inspire and advance General Motors (GM) employees. Through connecting these collections, I both extend and complicate an industrial history of making as a source of innovation. I argue that, more than any particular set of tools, it is DIY practice that defines the core of Make: magazine’s vision of making. However, as the pamphlets at GM illuminate, these practices are never fully outside of industries that benefit from the betterment of makers. Taken together, these stories reveal DIY as alternately challenging and contributing to corporate logics - a cyclical process that yields a current cultural moment in which makerspaces are installed in the ground floor of offices at Google, Facebook and, unsurprisingly, GM.
DR. JEKYLL DAN MR. HYDE: SEBUAH PENGGAMBARAN DUALISME NALURI KEHIDUPAN DAN KEMATIAN
Authors: Eka Putri Alda Rizki
Published: March 2021

According to Freud, the life instinct (Eros) and the death instinct (Thanatos) can be compatible despite the fact that the life instinct was purposedly to maintain the continuity of life while the death instinct aims to dispel the life. The purpose of this study is to elaborate the concept of dualism between the life and death instincts in R.L. Stevenson’s The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. The researcher used qualitative research methods to process and analyze the data. The result of this study found that the main character Henry Jekyll had behaviors which contradict the Victorian norms that made he thought he had dualism within. Jekyll did action to separate the bad sides of him by the chemical practices. The fact that both life and death instincts worked collectively made Jekyll’s plans cannot reach its goals. The madness due to the ideal self-concept which had a tendency towards narcissistic pathology was finally destroyed as a result of colliding with reality. This situation resulted Henry Jekyll lost the meaning of his life as the symbol of psychical death, which at the end of the story, it continued with real death of Jekyll's body.
El «principio de responsabilidad» en la teología de Adolphe Gesché
Authors: García Mourelo Santiago
Published: March 2021

Adolphe Gesché indicó el «principio de responsabilidad» como uno de los que debían guiar el quehacer teológico. Ser responsable respecto de la fe y la razón, respecto de Dios y del hombre. En el presente estudio exponemos su comprensión y el desarrollo particular de esta tarea en su obra Dieu pour penser, atendiendo al doble movimiento teológico-fundamental —ad intra y ad extra— con el que solía articular sus escritos.
Tiempos recios, tiempos de gracia: la Iglesia ante la pandemia
Authors: Martínez Julio L.
Published: March 2021

El presente artículo expone los desafíos que plantea a la Iglesia la pandemia que está asolando a la humanidad. El foco se pone en las acciones y actitudes pastorales necesarias para aquellos que desempeñan el ministerio sacerdotal, en ámbitos como el acompañamiento del duelo de quienes que han perdido seres queridos, los procesos de reforma de vida ante el impacto de la enfermedad y la alteración de la vida que produce, las necesidades sociocaritativas, celebrativas, educativas o de defensa de la vida, así como los cultivos espirituales para responder evangélicamente a la situación que atravesamos. La experiencia humana de la que se parte es, pues, el fenómeno totalizante de la COVID -19 y el marco doctrinal lo da el magisterio del papa Francisco, sobre todo su última encíclica Fratelli tutti. Sobre la fraternidad y la amistad social (2020), publicada varios meses tras el estallido de la pandemia, y también Evangelii gaudium (2013). El magisterio del Cardenal Arzobispo de Madrid también tendrá su lugar significativo.
Chinese graduate students’ translanguaging practice in the context of academic writing in English
Authors: Zhang Xuezi , Hadjioannou Xenia
Published: March 2021

This study explores the complexity of the languaging processes of Chinese graduate students in the context of their English academic writing. Utilizing a qualitative case study approach, we found that translanguaging was ubiquitously present in the writing processes of the Chinese graduate student participants. The participants leveraged translanguaging tools and strategies to support their English writing by accessing and utilizing resources in Chinese, using Chinese to support thinking and drafting, and integrating literacy knowledge across their linguistic repertoires. However, negative perceptions of these practices contributed to ambivalent bilingual identities and hindered them as writers. Findings also revealed perceived barriers and process hindrances that challenged the participants when composing academic text in English. The study highlights the importance of creating translanguaging spaces to support international students in higher education, but also the need to provide instruction in academic writing to support their academic performance.
Computational studies by molecular docking of some antiviral drugs with COVID-19 receptors are an approach to medication for COVID-19
Authors: Abdellatiif Magda H. , Ali Amena , Ali Abuzer , Hussien Mostafa A.
Published: March 2021

The COVID-19 outbreak is a matter of concern worldwide due to unavailability of promising treatment comprising medication or vaccination till date. The discovery of antiviral drug is of immense importance in the existing spread of novel coronavirus. The goal of the present study was to evolve an opposite antiviral drug against the novel COVID-19 virus. A directly succeeding perspective would be to use the prevailing influential drugs from several antimicrobial and chemotherapeutic agents. The encouraging approach is to identify promising drug molecules and compounds through virtual screening via molecular docking of FDA-approved drugs and some previously synthesized pyridone and coumarin derivatives for probable therapeutic outcome. In this conceptual milieu, an effort has been made to propose a computational in silico relationship among FDA-approved drugs and coronavirus-associated receptors and proteins. The study results were evaluated on the basis of a dock score by using molecular operating environment. Out of 15 compounds screened, the compounds with the best docking scores toward their targets was 3d. Therefore, compound 3d deserves further investigations and clinical trials as a possible therapeutic inhibitor of the COVID-19 caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2.
Calculation studies of coated particles performance in sodium-cooled fast reactor
Authors: Maslov N. V. , Grishanin E. I. , Alekseev P. N.
Published: March 2021

This paper presents results of calculation studies of the viability of coated particles in the conditions of the reactor core on fast neutrons with sodium cooling, justifying the development of the concept of the reactor BN with microspherical fuel. Traditional rod fuel assemblies with pellet MOX fuel in the core of a fast sodium reactor are directly replaced by fuel assemblies with micro-spherical mixed (U,Pu)C-fuel. Due to the fact that the micro-spherical (U, Pu)C fuel has a developed heat removal surface and that the design solution for the fuel assembly with coated particles is horizontal cooling of the microspherical fuel, the core has additional possibilities of increasing inherent (passive) safety and improve the competitiveness of BN type of reactors. It is obvious from obtained results that the microspherical (U, Pu)C fuel is limited with the maximal burn-up depth of ∼11% of heavy atoms in conditions of the sodium-cooled fast reactor core at the conservative approach; it gives the possibility of reaching stated thermal-hydraulic and neutron-physical characteristics. Such a tolerant fuel makes it less likely that fission products will enter the primary circuit in case of accidents with loss of coolant and the introduction of positive reactivity, since the coating of microspherical fuel withstands higher temperatures than the steel shell of traditional rod-type fuel elements.
What’s Happened to Global News?
Authors: Robertson Alexa
Published: March 2021

Scholarship on “global journalism” – to the extent that the phenomenon is explored empirically – is often based on the analysis of national media. This article considers, instead, how the global fares in global newsrooms, and what has happened to global news since the early years of the millennium. It is argued that, while much has changed in world politics and scholarly agendas, global news is characterized more by continuity than change, and that the interesting differences are not between “then” and “now,” but between news outlets. The results of the analysis of 2189 newscasts, 7591 headlines and 5379 news items broadcast over a period of 13 years by four global news organizations (Al Jazeera English, BBC World, CNN International, and RT) call into question assumptions about the cosmopolitan nature of channels said to speak to the world. They show that only a small percentage of their news can be considered “global” in terms of topic and geographical scope, although there are thought-provoking differences in how the global is narrated. Taken together, they provide occasion to revisit the scholarly debate on global journalism.
Fabrication and characterization of 3D-printed gellan gum/starch composite scaffold for Schwann cells growth
Authors: Zhang Liling , Zheng Tiantian , Wu Linliang , Han Qi , Chen Shiyu , Kong Yan , Li Guicai , Ma Lei , Wu Hong , Zhao Yahong , Yu Yinxian , Yang Yumin
Published: March 2021

Peripheral nerve injury has seriously affected patient’s health and life. Schwann cells play an important role in peripheral nerve regeneration. However, the effect of the current tissue engineered scaffolds for promoting Schwann cells growth is still not as good as that of autologous graft. In this study, new developed three-dimensional gellan gum/starch (GG/ST) scaffolds with various printing gap for Schwann cells growth were prepared by 3D printing technology. Various physiochemical characterizations of the printed scaffolds were performed including morphology, rheological behavior, swelling ratio, and degradation behavior. The cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of the scaffolds were evaluated using L929 fibroblasts and RSC96 Schwann cells, respectively. The results displayed that the GG/ST scaffold exhibited a porous network structure. The cross-sectional pore density of the hydrogel had a tendency to increase with the ascending printing gap. The swelling rate and degradation rate of the hydrogel gradually increased and eventually reached an equilibrium state. The rheological test results showed that the scaffolds had good printability. MTT cytotoxicity test and CCK-8 cell proliferation test displayed that the scaffold was nontoxic, and Schwann cells could grow well on the scaffold after 5 days of culture, whereas the number of cells on the scaffold with the printing gap of 3 mm was the largest. These results indicated that the GG/ST scaffold prepared by 3D printing technology may have a potential application in peripheral nerve regeneration.
A 3D 2-fold interpenetrating Cu(II) coordination polymer based on 4,4′-oxybis(benzoic acid) and 1,3-bis(2-methyl-imidazol-1-yl) benzene exhibiting photocatalytic properties
Authors: Qiao Shan-Bao
Published: March 2021

A new Cu(II) complex, [Cu2(1,3-BMIB)(OBA)2]
n
(1) (1,3-BMIB = 1,3-bis(2-methyl-1H-imidazol-1-yl)benzene, H2OBA = 4,4′-oxybis(benzoic acid)) was hydrothermally synthesized and has been structurally characterized. Complex 1 possesses a 3D 2-fold interpenetrating framework based on [Cu(OBA)]
n
layers with a Schläfli symbol {412.63}. Complex 1 displays excellent photocatalytic properties in the degradation of methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B (RhB).
papel del capital humano y de las instituciones en el crecimiento económico: Una aproximación al caso de MéxicoDeterminantes del crecimiento económico en México: Hechos y expectativas
Authors: Quispe Aruquipa Saul Roberto , Martínez Chapa Oshiel
Published: March 2021

La economía mexicana se ha caracterizado por bajos niveles de crecimiento en los últimos años; por consiguiente, es necesario realizar una evaluación de los determinantes sugeridos por la nueva literatura de crecimiento económico. Empleando un modelo de vector de corrección de errores (VEC, por sus siglas en inglés), se estimó una función de largo plazo de los determinantes del crecimiento, medido por el producto interno bruto (PIB) per cápita real. Basado en una función de producción neoclásica, ampliada con variables como el capital humano (medido por la educación formal) e instituciones (medido por el sistema legal y los derechos de propiedad), los resultados sugieren que dichas variables tienen un efecto positivo a largo plazo. Se concluye en la necesidad de un replanteamiento de la política económica, enfocándose fundamentalmente en el impulso a las variables referidas en esta investigación.
STEPPS for Borderline Personality Disorder: A Pragmatic Trial and Naturalistic Comparison With Noncompleters
Authors: González-González Sara , Marañón-González Rosa , Hoyuela-Zatón Fernando , Gómez-Carazo Nerea , Hernández-Abellán Aida , Pérez-Poo Teresa , Umaran-Alfageme Olga , Cordero-Andrés Patricia , López-Sánchez Victoria , Black Donald W. , Blum Nancee S. , Artal-Simón Jesús , Ayesa-Arriola Rosa
Published: March 2021

Systems Training for Emotional Predictability and Problem Solving (STEPPS) is a group psychotherapy approach that is effective for patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) in a public health care setting. The sample in this study comprised 118 outpatients with BPD who were asked to participate in a Spanish-adapted version of STEPPS for 18 months, a psychotherapy program that could be added to their usual psychiatric intervention. They were divided into an experimental group who participated in STEPPS, and a control group, who received treatment as usual. Several variables were collected and the Borderline Evaluation of Severity Over Time (BEST) scale was administered at pretest, Months 3 and 6, posttest (Month 18), and 2-year follow-up (Month 42), after which a post hoc data analysis was carried out. The STEPPS program improved the as-usual treatment provided previously, and the results were cost-effective. A higher educational level and good patient collaboration predicted better outcome.
When toxic chemicals refuse to die—An examination of the prolonged mercury pesticide use in Australia
Authors: Schneider Larissa
Published: March 2021

Mercury, even in low concentrations, is known to cause severe adverse human health effects. In the early 1900s, mercury became a popular fungicide ingredient, leading to multiple poisoning incidents that forced much of the world to act upon phasing out mercury use in agriculture. These incidents spurred the advancement of mercury science and the implementation of international policies and regulations to control mercury pollution worldwide. Despite these developments internationally, Australia continued using methoxyethyl mercury chloride as a fungicide to treat sugarcane against the fungi Ceratocystis paradoxa (pineapple disease). At the request of the manufacturer and following pressure from Australian researchers and the Minamata Convention on Mercury, Australian authorities announced a ban on mercury-containing pesticide in May 2020. Australia’s unique reluctance to act on controlling this hazardous pollutant makes it an interesting case study for policy inaction that runs counter to global policy trends and evidence-based decision making. As such, it can provide insights into the challenges of achieving multilateral agreement on difficult environmental issues such as global warming. In this review, I discuss the scientific development and policy decisions related to mercury fates and exposure of wildlife and humans in Australia to mercury used in pesticide. The historical uses of mercury pesticide and poisoning incidents worldwide are described to contextualize Australia’s delayed action on banning and controlling this chemical product compared to other nations. Regulations on mercury use in Australia, which has not ratified the Minamata Convention on mercury, are compared to those of major sugarcane and pesticide producer nations (Brazil, China, Japan, India, Thailand, and United States) which have ratified the Convention and replaced mercury pesticides with alternative products. I discuss how mercury regulations have the potential to protect the environment, decrease human exposure to mercury, and safeguard the ban on mercury products. Ratifying the Minamata Convention would give Australia equal footing with its international counterparts in global efforts to control global mercury pollution.
Recasting the Treadmills of Production and Destruction
Authors: Hooks Gregory , Lengefeld Michael , Smith Chad L.
Published: March 2021

We revisit and recast two prominent theories of environmental degradation: the treadmill of production and the treadmill of destruction. This recasting is guided by critical realism, focused on theorizing generative mechanisms that produce and shape empirical events. Our theorization is informed by Marxist and Weberian insights into environmental sociology contributions. In this critical realist recasting, the treadmill of production and the treadmill of destruction are conceived of as generative mechanisms. A treadmill refers to a process in which powerful organizations appropriate nature to amass power and capital. These organizations degrade the environment, and they suppress and distort information about the environmental damage they cause. The macrosocial context, the organizations at the center of them, and the elites that command these organizations make these treadmills distinct. A treadmill spans the biophysical and the social/cultural realms. Whereas the biophysical is necessary for the social/cultural realm to exist, it exists independent of human knowledge of this realm. As such, historical contingency and social change are at the center of analysis when studying the waxing, waning, transformation, and demise of treadmills. Adopting a critical realist stance, future theorization and research can and should engage a wide range of theories advanced in environmental sociology. The goal is not to establish the single best unitary theory, but to identify and gain insight into the generative mechanisms that shape and constrain human interactions with the environment.
Disservice to Society: A Transnational Analysis of the Canadian Hearing Services
Authors: Johnson Sammy Jo
Published: March 2021

This paper expresses a growing sentiment the author felt as an employee of Canadian Hearing Services, one that is only implied in the Deaf Citizens petition. Namely, that the current operation of CHS is contributing to a disconnect from the Ontario and Canadian deaf communities, but it also signifies a disconnect from something bigger—what the author calls the global deaf network or what Murray (2007) calls “the transnational Deaf public sphere” (p.4)— and therefore the actions taking place at CHS reverberate beyond provincial and national borders. In applying a transnational analysis, the author explores the connections and linkages between CHS and a deaf network that exists globally, which includes CHS’ past participation in large international deaf events and the role of CHS offices in bringing together people who have unique and important experiences engaging with global deaf spaces and networks, and consider if the changes recently implemented at CHS signify an organizational withdrawal from these global spaces and networks. While this discussion only scratches the surface of possible connections linking CHS to a global deaf network, the author aims to add their voice to those calling on CHS to rebuild bridges that have previously linked the organization with deaf networks at local as well as global levels.
The Many Faces of Acute Idiopathic Blind Spot Enlargement
Authors: Ho Amiee , Goodwin Denise
Published: March 2021

This is a literature review and retrospective case series of acute idiopathic blind spot enlargement of 2 Caucasian females and 1 Hispanic male.  Hallmark findings include unilateral photopsia, an enlarged blind spot, loss of the ellipsoid and interdigitation zones on OCT, and an abnormal multifocal electroretinography.  This condition is an outer retinal disease that shares common traits with the AZOOR complex, which can confound the diagnosis.  Autofluorescent imaging may aid in differentiating the conditions.  Disseminating more case reports detailing different presentations of this rare outer retinal disorder help advance the clinical understanding of these conditions.
Verbal Autopsies for Out-of-Hospital Infant Deaths in Zambia
Authors: Lapidot Rotem , Larson Williams Anna , MacLeod William B. , Mwale Magdalene , Olowojesiku Ronke , Enslen Andrew , Mwananyanda Lawrence , Munanjala Gertrud , Chimoga Charles , Ngoma Benard , Thea Donald L. , Gill Christopher John
Published: March 2021

OBJECTIVES:

In Zambia, a significant number of infants die in the community. It is hypothesized that delays in care contribute to many of these so-called “brought in dead” infants.

METHODS:

We analyzed free-text narratives from verbal autopsies, in which families narrate the final series of events leading to each infant’s death. Using the 3-delays model framework and working iteratively to achieve consensus, we coded each narrative using NVivo software to identify, characterize, and quantify the contribution of delays and other factors to the fatal outcome.

RESULTS:

Verbal autopsies were collected from 230 families of brought in dead infants younger than 6 months of age. As many as 82.8% of infants had 1 or more delays in care. The most-common delay was in the family’s decision to seek care (54.8%), even as severe symptoms were frequently described. Similarly, 27.8% of infants died en route to a health care facility. Delays in receiving adequate care, including infants dying while waiting in line at a clinic or during referral from a clinic to a hospital, occurred in 24.7% of infants. A third of infants had been previously evaluated by a clinician in the days before their death.

CONCLUSIONS:

Delays in care were the rule rather than the exception in this population of Zambian infants. Accessing care requires families to navigate significant logistic barriers, and balance complex forces in deciding to seek care. Strategies to avoid such delays could save many infants lives.