bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Psychometrics of Assessment Tools to Examine the Challenges of Physicians' Participation in Accreditation Programs
Authors: Ebrahimipour Hosein , Hooshmand Elahe , Varmaghani Mehdi , Mojtabaeian Seyyed Morteza
Published: June 2021

Background: Many organizations believe that physician involvement is important in quality and safety of health services, but they did not properly define, measure, and improve it, so because of the importance of the quality of health care and increasing the involvement of physician this study was conducted to evaluate the validity and reliability of a questionnaire on the challenges of physicians' participation in quality improvement programs.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study conducted in the hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, a researcher-made questionnaire about challenges of physicians' participation in accreditation activities used for data gathering. The content validity ratio index and content validity index were also calculated. To measure the internal consistency of the instrument, the questionnaire was distributed among 14 physicians, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was determined. For stability or reproducibility of the instrument, test - retest and correlation coefficient were calculated. By distributing questionnaires among 14 people those meeting inclusion criteria, the correlation coefficient was measured twice and at intervals of 2 weeks. SPSS 21 software was used for data analysis
Results: The initial questionnaire was consisted of 61 items, which were reduced to 38 items after face and content psychometrics. The questionnaire has 12 sub-concepts. Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.83 and the intragroup correlation coefficient in 2 measurements 2 weeks apart was 0.94.
Conclusion: This questionnaire is the first and only valid and reliable dedicated tool in the field of challenges of physicians' participation in accreditation activities in Iran, which can measure and prioritize the challenges in each health center and it can be used to improve health care quality services that are performed by doctors.
Survey the Situation of Perceived Organizational Justice in the Iranian Health Care System; A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Shafiei Milad , Baghian Najmeh , Salehi Amin , Ranjbar Mohammad , Hajipour Maryam
Published: June 2021

Background: Perceived organizational justice is a concept used to describe job-related justice. Considering the role of perceived organizational justice in the healthcare system to increase the satisfaction, motivation, and efficiency in providing quality services, this study was conducted to investigate the situation of perceived organizational justice in the Iranian healthcare system through systematic review.
Methods: In the present study, an electronic search was conducted on the Persian websites SID, Iranmedex,  Medlib, civilica, Irandoc and English Web of science, Pubmed, Scopus, and Google scholar using the Persian and English keywords of ‘Justice, Equality, Equality, Organizational Justice, Perceived Justice, Health System, University of Medical Sciences, Health Centers, Hospitals. As a result, 520 articles were studied and evaluated step by step and 469 papers were removed after reading the title and abstract. Finally, the full text of 51 articles was reviewed. Finally, 30 articles that measured the average level of perceived organizational justice were selected and other articles were excluded due to lack of necessary criteria and irrelevance. To analyze the heterogeneity between the studies, the meta-analysis method was used using Stata 14 software and Q test and I2 index.
Results:  To study the status of perceived organizational justice in the health care system in a systematic and meta-analysis, all 30 studies were illegible. With regard to the dimensions of distributive, procedural, and interactive justice, 23 studies of 30 studies had the required conditions to enter the research.  The total mean score of perceived organizational justice was obtained as 60.71 and the mean scores of 54.74, 58.52, and 62.41were calculated for dimensions of distributive, procedural, and interactive justice, respectively.
Conclusion: The findings showed that the situation of perceived organizational justice in the Iranian health care system was favorable. The dimension of interactive justice, related to managers' behaviors and relationships with employees, was relatively more favorable than other dimensions of organizational justice. Moreover, the situation of perceived organizational justice and its dimensions in private hospitals was more favorable than other research environments, including public hospitals, staff units, and hospitals selected using the mixed method.
Efficient Synergistic Combination Effect of Endurance Exercise with Curcumin on Breast Cancer Progression Through Inflammatory Pathway Inhibition in BALB/C Mice
Authors: Delfan Maryam , Ramzi Fatemeh
Published: June 2021

Introduction: TNF-α/NF-kB signaling pathway plays an important role in promoting the inflammatory process and growth of breast cancer. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to investigate the synergistic combination effect of endurance exercise with curcumin on breast cancer progression through TNF-α/NF-kB signaling axes in female BALB/c mice with breast cancer.
Methods: The design of the present study was experimental. After transplanting 4T1 breast cancer into the right flank of 40 BALB/c mice, all mice were randomly divided into four groups, including endurance training (E), endurance training-curcumin (EC), curcumin (CC), and control (C). Then, E and EC groups (5 days per week) were performed for 5 weeks. Curcumin (6 times per week) was given by gavage to EC and CC groups for five weeks. The intratumoral expression of TNF-α and NF-kβ were measured using the qRT-PCR method. One-way analysis of variance and LSD post hoc test with SPSS version 16 were used for statistical analysis. P< 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: A significant decline in cancer growth and the gene expression of NF-kβ and TNF-α was observed in E, CC, and EC compared to the C group (P =0.001). Furthermore, a significant decline in expression of both genes was observed in EC compared with E.
Conclusion: Endurance training combined with curcumin supplementation has a more effective role in reducing TNF-α and NF-κβ, and slowing the growth of breast cancer cells when compared with either of other interventions alone.
Evaluation of Patient’s Satisfaction on Dental Health Services in Dental School and Specialized Education Clinics Affiliated to Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in Yazd in 2017-2018
Authors: Davari Abdolrahim , Daneshkazemi Ali Reza , Amirzadeiranagh Mohammad Hossein , Masoumi Seyed Mohammad Reza
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Dental school clinics are one of the places where patients go to treatment. The importance of paying attention to patient’s satisfaction with the quality of health care has an effective role in management planning in health care systems. The aim of this study was to evaluate the patients' satisfaction with dental services presented at the School of Dentistry and Educational Clinics of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in Yazd, Iran.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed on 770 patients referring to Yazd Dental School and specialized medical centers in Yazd in 2017. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 software, t-test, using ANOVA and Chi-square tests.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 45.86 ± 4.23. The mean total satisfaction score was 56.06 ± 4.68. Overall patient satisfaction with the services provided in three centers showed that, 105 patients (13.8%) were very dissatisfied, 154 (20.1%) were dissatisfied, 327 (42.6%) were satisfied, and 184 (23.5%) were very satisfied. There was no statistically significant difference among the satisfaction score, sex, and age group (P value> 0.05). There was a significant relationship among satisfaction score, and educational level, marital status and place of residence (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the satisfaction of patients with the services provided by Dental School of Yazd Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciencesand specialized education clinics dependent to Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences is relatively favorable.
Foreign direct investment and the Covid-19 pandemic: The real economy perspective and theoretical implications
Authors: Gorynia Marian , Trąpczyński Piotr
Published: June 2021

Purpose: The objective of this chapter is to discuss the effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on the international operations of firms, with a particular focus on foreign direct investment. Design/methodology/approach: The real economy perspective was adopted, whereby basic relationships in terms of the development of FDI flows and transactions worldwide were analyzed. In addition, primary data from a survey of internationally operating Polish firms were analyzed in order to shed additional light on the influence of the pandemic on international economic activity. In addition to formulating observations with regard to general patterns emerging from the data, an attempt has been made to outline the likely theoretical implications of the pandemic for FDI research. Findings: In the short term, there was a significant limitation of FDI, caused mainly by the introduction of lockdowns. In the middle and long run, the current crisis will likely translate into acontinued slowdown in FDI flows. On the other hand, as we may see from the early evidence analyzed in the chapter, the impacts on the international economic activity vary across locations at different levels of economic development, but also between different industries and business models. Research implications: From a theoretical perspective, we must note that in the short run the existing theoretical concepts can be helpful in explaining the present phenomena. However, in the long-term perspective a number of fundamental assumptions may require several revisions outlined in the chapter. Originality and value: The chapter includes an analysis of recent macro- and micro-level data on the effects of the pandemic on international business, along with forecasts for the post-pandemic period. Apart from the practical dimension of the analyzed primary and secondary data, the chapter also offers a number of theoretical implications.
Consumer acceptance of AR Technology in e-commerce in the light of the Covid-19 pandemic: A conceptual perspective
Authors: Bartosik-Purgat Małgorzata , Grzegorczyk Tomasz , Rakowska Wiktoria
Published: June 2021

Purpose: The main objective of the chapter is threefold: to conduct literature review, to develop a model of consumer acceptance of augmented reality (AR) in e-commerce, and research hypotheses. The model will emphasize the factors (motives and risks) affecting the acceptance of AR technologies by e-commerce consumers. Design/methodology/approach: The study used inductive research approach whose results will be the key basis for primary research. The main research method was literature review: the meta-synthesis method. Findings: We developed a model of factors influencing the acceptance of AR technology in e-commerce based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT2). The following factors were included into the proposed model as predictors of acceptance: performance expectancy, effort expectancy, hedonic motivation, perceived AR risk, privacy risk. Research limitations/implications: The main limitation of this research is its conceptual character. Future research should aim to empirically verify the proposed model. Practical implications: By showing the possibilities and actual acceptance of AR’s use in selected countries, the research might contribute to the development of a set of guidelines for enterprises in the e-commerce branch and, eventually, improve their international competitiveness, e.g. by guiding product and promotion strategies. Originality and value: Based on the literature review, this chapter proposes anovel research model of consumer acceptance of AR in e-commerce, which can be verified in the future research.
Future competences in times of an economic crisis
Authors: Łupicka Anna
Published: June 2021

Purpose: The aim of the chapter is to present the competence patterns before and during the economic crisis and to determine the importance of individual competences for doing business in a turbulent environment. In many sectors of the economy, global changes triggered by Covid-19 called into question the use of existing sets of competences needed to run businesses effectively in supply chains. The continuous improvement of supply chains – or lean and agile management – will no longer work in current conditions. Faced with an increasingly unstable economy triggered by a global pandemic, many economists ask whether the existing competence patterns in companies or supply chains remain appropriate and proper for the current economic situation. Design/methodology/approach: In 2017, a survey was conducted among selected experts in the pharmaceutical sector. The same questionnaire distributed in September 2020, during the Covid-19 pandemic. The experts were highly qualified managers employed in transnational companies. The 10 respondents were asked to indicate selected competencies. The choice of the pharmaceutical sector was motivated primarily by its specific characteristics as it is particularly important not only economically but also socially, by providing life-saving medicines. Findings: Technical competences are becoming the necessary ones. This is due to the need for self-sufficiency in lockdown situations, when it is difficult to find external employees and the possibility of outsourcing skills. In the case of managerial competence, it is clear that creativity and entrepreneurial thinking have increased in importance. When analyzing social competences, what comes to the fore is diversity of intercultural skills: foreign language skills, the ability to compromise, the ability to transfer knowledge, and finally, the ability to adapt to change. Originality and value: This chapter answer what competences seem necessary for future managers in the pharmaceutical industry in a turbulent environment, which is crucial for research and teaching centers who seek to educate future managers at the highest level of specific competences and skills. Due to the dynamic development of the industry, the text identifies the needs in the areas of technical, managerial, and social skills.
Challenges in currency derivatives management in the OTC market in Poland during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Wybieralski Piotr
Published: June 2021

Purpose: The aim of the chapter is to analyze the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and market volatility increase on risk management in the OTC derivatives market in Poland. Design/methodology/approach: The chapter describes the legal background of derivatives trading with non-financial enterprises, then identifies the main risks, and discusses possible actions of market participants. In this regard, the study conducts volatility analysis based on selected market data. Findings: Due to volatility increase and the resulting negative valuation of non-matured currency derivatives by Polish exporters, margin call clauses were triggered, entailing the need to post additional collateral or prematurely close contracts. The described situation is particularly difficult when the pre-settlement limit is fully utilized on deal date, usually in the case of long-lasting large open exposures in non-flexible transactions. Research implications: To determine market risk, studies often apply the VaR approach. Inthis way, the specific amount of risk is analyzed on adaily basis and used by banks both to determine the maximum amount of the contract and to control pre-settlement risk. Apart from many advantages of the VaR approach, there are some drawbacks, especially related to volatility estimation, which usually relies on historical market fluctuations. It may cause that the risk will not be properly valued under crisis conditions. In such situations, supplementary methods should be also implemented (stresstests). Practical implications: Under high market volatility, preventive actions should be prepared in advance, including treasury limit increase, additional funds for collaterals, or contracts modification (flexible products should be considered).Originality and value: The study covers a challenge that banks face, which is rarely described in professional literature but very serious for bank management. Under normal market conditions, if the margin call clause appears and no additional collateral is posted, the transaction should be closed to limit the counterparty’s loss. However, this type of action during the pandemic may impose the risk of force majeure. From the company perspective, using such instruments threatens their early settlement and the need to finance closeout amount.
Conocimientos en médicos generales integrales del diagnóstico y tratamiento de asma en pediatría
Authors: Garcia-Milian Ana Julia
Published: June 2021

Objetivo. Evaluar el conocimiento de diagnóstico y tratamiento de asma en edad pediátrica, de médicos generales integrales graduados y en formación del municipio en estudio; determinar el patrón de error en el conocimiento del tratamiento del asma en edad pediátrica. Método. Estudio descriptivo en 115 médicos generales integrales graduados y en formación de consultorios médicos del municipio en estudio (2018). Se midieron por un cuestionario validado, variables de conocimiento de diagnóstico y tratamiento. Resultados. El conocimiento sobre remisión del paciente (32,4 %), fisiopatología del asma (43,9 %), significado y encargo de la GINA (41,7 %, 52,9 %, respectivamente) fue deficiente. El conocimiento del tratamiento, fue deficiente en nueve de los catorce reactivos (selección del grupo farmacológico, vía de administración, indicación y dosis). La puntuación media de residentes (12,5) difiere significativamente de especialistas (6,5: reprobación). El nivel de conocimiento fue bajo en 69,6 %, reprobaron 82,3 % especialistas y 12,5 % residentes, con tasa de error de selección (51,4 x 100 encuestados), vía de administración (33,8 x 100 encuestados), indicación (24,8 x 100 encuestados) y dosis (53,3 x 100 encuestados). El tiempo de experiencia (OR1). Conclusión. El nivel de conocimiento de diagnóstico del asma es medio y del tratamiento es bajo, principalmente en la selección y vía de administración del fármaco, influenciado por la categoría ocupacional, pobre conocimiento sobre remisión al especialista, fisiopatología del asma, y favorecido por el mayor tiempo de experiencia profesional.
Alimentación en estudiantes con discapacidad
Authors: Rivera-Barragán María Del Rosario
Published: June 2021

La discapacidad es la condición en la que las personas pueden presentar alguna deficiencia física, mental, intelectual o sensorial. En los últimos años, gran número de personas en el mundo padecen alguna discapacidad, pudiendo experimentar dificultades en sus funciones y participación en actividades básicas, como ir a la escuela, alimentarse, realizar actividad física, entre otras. En la alimentación de las personas con discapacidad puede haber barreras, como su grado de dependencia, la salud oral y dental, las opiniones de los cuidadores, las actitudes y las oportunidades, lo cual repercutirá en su estado de salud y nutrición En los últimos años se han reportado la presencia de patologías en personas con alguna discapacidad, como sobrepeso, obesidad, diabetes, enfermedades cardiovasculares, trastornos mentales, cáncer y enfermedades respiratorias. Debido a esto es importante conocer las recomendaciones más actuales en torno a la alimentación de estos individuos, a pesar de que sus necesidades calóricas varían dependiendo de la gravedad y el grado de discapacidad. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este artículo es reunir, describir y analizar la información acerca de la nutrición de estudiantes con algún tipo de discapacidad
Mercadeo de condón para la prevención del VIH/sida en mayores de 50 años de edad en la Habana
Authors: Bolaños Gutiérrez María Regla
Published: June 2021

Objetivos: Identificar conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas sobre el uso del condón en la prevención del VIH/sida que poseen las personas mayores de 50 años de edad, en La Habana e Identificar barreras para el uso y adquisición del condón en dicha población. Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, desde enero 2018 a junio del 2019, en La Habana, en cinco de los municipios más afectados por la epidemia. (Centro Habana, Marianao; San Miguel del Padrón, Playa, Cerro). Se encuestaron 536 personas de más de 50 años edad, de cada consultorio médico, a través de un cuestionario auto aplicado. Resultados: En los entrevistados, predominó el sexo femenino con 61 %, mayores de 60 años de edad con 38.2%, el 50.2 % poseen escolaridad media, el 47.4% son trabajadores, 40% casados y 70.1% heterosexuales. Se determinaron conocimientos suficientes referentes a vía de trasmisión y prevención del VIH, no usan consistentemente el condón ni en las relaciones estables ni ocasionales. Poseen actitudes que favorecen un rol más participativo de la mujer para protegerse en las relaciones sexuales. Se identificaron barreras sociales, generacionales y estructurales como la inexistencia del condón en Puntos de Ventas No Tradicionales y la inestabilidad y poca variedad de marcas de condones en las farmacias. Conclusiones: Las personas mayores de 50 años entrevistadas en La Habana, poseen conocimientos suficientes. Usan poco el condón ya sea en relaciones estables como ocasionales, porque perciben poco el riesgo de infectarse a su edad, lo que puede ser una barrera sociocultural y generacional para el uso del condón. Concentrar acciones específicas de mercadeo del condón para esta población, podría ser la solución para obtener mejores resultados en la prevención del VIH/sida.
Frecuencia de sintomatología depresiva y tratamiento en adultos mayores con acceso a servicios de salud.
Authors: Guzmán Olea Eduardo
Published: June 2021

La depresión en adultos mayores y su tratamiento es un importante problema de salud pública global que debe ser atendido urgentemente. Objetivo: determinar la frecuencia de sintomatología depresiva y su tratamiento en personas adultas mayores afiliadas a las instituciones de seguridad social de salud en México. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal con 3,114 participantes de 7 estados del país, los cuales fueron evaluados psicológicamente empleando la Escala de Depresión Geriátrica {GDS} de Yesavage, también se analizó su afiliación a seguridad social, funcionalidad (índices Barthel y Lawton) y estado cognoscitivo (Minimental de Folstein). El análisis de la información se realizó empleando el paquete estadístico SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) asi como los datos sociodemográficos de los participantes. Resultados: Se observó cobertura en el 88.5% de la población. La prevalencia de depresión es del 27.4% y el 96.8% de ellos no recibe tratamiento, además el 18.9% presenta dependencia funcional, el 16.2% deterioro cognoscitivo y el 7.4% ha sufrido al menos una caída con lesiones. Únicamente el 11.2% del total de enfermos fue diagnosticado en su clínica. Conclusión: La prevalencia de depresión no tratada en adultos mayores con acceso a servicios de salud es altamente significativa, es urgente la generación de protocolos, programas y capacitación de profesionales de salud permitan identificar la patología y atender de manera integral a dicho grupo etario.
Evidencias y tendencias para tomar decisiones sobre medidas de contención y mitigamiento de la COVID-19 en Jalisco, México.
Authors: Arredondo-López Abel Armando
Published: June 2021

OBJETIVO:
Identificar evidencias y tendencias de pronóstico de la pandemia de COVID-19, que apoyen la toma decisiones sobre su mitigamiento.
MATERIAL Y METODOS
Investigación evaluativa basada en estimación de evidencias y tendencias de pronóstico a través de la simulación computacional del modelo S.E.I.R. que clasifica a la población en 4 grupos: los susceptibles al contagio (S); los expuestos al contagio (E), los infectados (I) y los Recuperados/Fallecidos (R).
RESULTADOS
El peor escenario, sin intervención, se daría a principios de junio con R0=3 afectando a un 73.2% de la población. Ante medidas de mitigación el mejor ajuste es con Ro=2.2 (mitigación 37.2%), iniciando a finales de julio, afectando un 58.9% de la población,
CONCLUSIONES
Se sugiere un monitoreo y adecuación permanente de medidas de mitigación en las fases de transmisión sostenida. Se requiere una estrategia de distanciamiento social intermitente, que se activaría con el incremento de la tasa básica de reproducción R0.
Efectividad de intervenciones de ejercicio físico en adolescentes con hipertensión y obesidad: revisión sistemática.
Authors: De la Cruz Bernabé Enrique Jair
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Identificar intervenciones de ejercicio físico dirigidas a disminuir valores de presión arterial en adolescentes con hipertensión y obesidad. Materiales y Métodos: Revisión sistemática de ensayos clínicos aleatorios y estudios cuasiexperimentales bajo los criterios de PRISMA, consultados en las bases de datos PubMed, EBSCO (Academic Search Complete, Academic Search Elite, Fuente académica, Medic Latina), Web of Science, Ovid, Cochrane Library y Scopus. Resultados: Se incluyeron 3 estudios publicados en adolescentes de 14 a 19 años. Dos estudios se aplicaron ejercicio aeróbico con sesiones de 50 minutos diarios durante cuatro y seis meses. En el tercer estudio se combinó ejercicio aeróbico y resistencia muscular con sesiones de 60 minutos, tres días a la semana por tres meses. En las tres intervenciones hubo disminución de valores de presión arterial significativas, sin embargo la intervención que combinó ejercicio aeróbico y de resistencia muscular, mostró mayor disminución de valores de presión arterial. Conclusiones: La combinación del ejercicio aeróbico y de resistencia muscular parece ser prometedor para la prevención y tratamiento de hipertensión en adolescentes con obesidad. Se necesitan la implementación de más estudios para confirmar estos resultados, ya que el número de artículos encontrados es limitado.
Palabras clave: Adolescente; ejercicio; hipertensión; revisión sistemática.
Attitude and perception towards obesity in adolescents
Authors: Catalán Gómez Carlos Alberto
Published: June 2021

Objective: Identify the attitude and perception toward obesity in adolescents.Material and methods: Descriptive-discursive study of integrative review. Prepared in the guide The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P), in Spanish and English, during 2010 - 2019. Databases from SciELO, Redalyc, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Ebsco, and Conricyt were used. For the search, DeCS descriptors were used, namely, Attitude, Perception, Adolescent, Obesity, and Nursing. From 102 identifiedarticles, 10 were selected for analysis.Results: Adolescents have a negative attitude and perception toward obesity, because they feel excluded from society; this is identified as a serious problem because it mainly affects their psychological-social factor, since the image that others perceive of them affects their emotional state.Conclusion: It is important to work on the psychological factors in adolescents because most of them present a negative perception and an attitude of rejection. Influencing them will prevent the increase in bulling rates or, failing this, suicides, main consequences of obesity.Key Words: Attitude; Perception; Adolescent; Obesity; Nursing.
Escala para medir adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes cardiovasculares: validez de contenido
Authors: Rocha Nieto Lilia Mercedes
Published: June 2021

Resumen
Objetivo. Diseñar y obtener evidencia de validez de contenido de un instrumento para medir adherencia al tratamiento de pacientes con enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV). Material y métodos. El instrumento está basado en el concepto de autorregulación; la estructura contiene cinco factores: auto-observación y automonitoreo, auto-reacción, autoevaluación, autoeficacia y autocontrol. La validación de contenido se realizó con diez jueces y 10 personas con ECV. Se calcularon tres índices: ICE (Confiabilidad entre Evaluadores), IVC (Validez de Contenido) y IVF (Validez Factorial). Resultados. En general, los hallazgos indicaron índices excelentes, muy buenos y buenos en los factores, según los criterios de representatividad, importancia y claridad. Conclusiones. Se construyó el EAT- CARDIO- Escala para medir Adherencia al Tratamiento en Personas con Enfermedades Cardiovasculares y se obtuvo evidencia de validez de contenido, con lo cual, se tiene un instrumento coherente con la teoría.
Influencia de la inoculación oral en la enfermedad de Chagas en modelo murino
Authors: Reboreda-Hernandez Oscar A. , Gonzalez-Rodriguez Nayeli , Cruz-Gonzalez Andrea Rebeca , Roman-Cedillo Alan , Ortiz-Butron Rocio
Published: June 2021

Objective: Determine the behavior of Chagas´s disease, comparing the intraperitoneal (i.p.), and the oral (i.o.) administration routes, by the ingestion of T. cruzi-contaminated food.
Materials and methods: In mice, parasitemia oral and intraperitoneal acquiring routes were compared. Two groups were inoculated with T. cruzi (3x103)
Historia de la Farmacoepidemiología en Cuba
Authors: Cruz Barrios María
Published: June 2021

Object: To expose the main events that occurred in Cuba related with the development of the pharmacoepidemiology. Materials and methods: There was executed a bibliographical and documental revision of the topic in the national and international literature; the treatment of data was carried out by means of the analysis of content of direct type. Results: From its beginnings, the strategy of the pharmacoepidemiology in Cuba has performed several actions about education, information, investigation and management; among them it stands out the master of pharmacoepidemiology, the scientific production, the elaboration of documents rectors of the activity and the promotion of the rational use of medications to the Cuban population. Conclusions: The pharmacoepidemiology in Cuba contributes to facilitate the access of the medications with priority to that required according to the prevalent mortality indicators in the country.
Analysis of formulations of probiotics accessible to the population of Tabasco, México
Authors: Avila Fernandez Angela , Cristostomo-Jiménez Andrea , Morales Contreras José Antonio , Juarez-Rojop Isela Esther , Martínez-López Mirian Carolina
Published: June 2021

Objective: In this study, formulations containing probiotics that are sold in establishments in the State of Tabasco were identified, their composition was analyzed and compared with formulations that can be purchased online.
Materials and methods: The formulations containing probiotics sold in 21 establishments in the city of Villahermosa were identified and compared with 30 probiotic supplements sold online. Products information was registered in a database and analyzed according to their dosage form, the probiotics genera, species / subspecies that contain and their classification as probiotics or symbiotics and as drugs or supplements.
Results: 31 local products and 30 products sold online, formulated with probiotics,  in 6 different dosage forms were analyzed. Only 5 of the local products and none sold online are certified by COFEPRIS as drugs. 48% of the formulations are monostrain and the rest are multistrain. 72% of the formulations are probiotics and the rest are synbiotic. In the 61 products analyzed were identified 46 species belonging to 13 different genera, 39% were common to local and online products. The Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium genera highlight due to their abundance of species and the number of products that contain them. The genus Bacillus was the only one that was never combined with species of other genera in the formulations.
Conclusions: The population of the state of Tabasco can find at least 31 formulations containing probiotics in local establishments. The variety increases if we consider the dietary supplements that can be purchased online. In particular, multistrain supplements. The products certified by COFEPRIS ensure that the benefits of the formulation are supported by clinical trials in humans and are manufactured following the good manufacturing practices.
Características clínico-patológicas de cáncer de mama en mujeres: un estudio de 1,840 diagnósticos
Authors: Reyna Sevilla Antonio
Published: June 2021

Objective: To report the clinicopathological characteristics of women diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) who were treated at the Instituto Jalisciense de Cancerología (IJC), located in Guadalajara, Jalisco, during 2013-2017.
Materials and methods: Cross-sectional and analytical design whose data source was the clinical records and the electronic registry of the IJC. The following data from women with a confirmed BC diagnosis were included and analyzed: age, grade and histological variety, clinical stage reported by in situ (0), early stage (I-IIA), locally advanced (IIB-IIIC) and metastasis (IV) categories, as well as hormone receptor status. The women were classified into two age groups: <40 and ≥40 years, in order to compare the clinicopathological characteristics through statistical tests. Descriptive analysis of the data is presented.
Results: Data related to 1,840 diagnoses of BC were collected and analyzed; the average age of women at the time of diagnosis was 53.2 years. The most frequent clinicopathological characteristics were: locally advanced (53.1%), ductal (88.9%), moderately differentiated (60.1%) and Luminal A (31.6%); while 15% of the cases reported triple negative classification, mainly women <40 years (21.3%). Except for the histological variety (p <0.05), no significant differences were found between both age groups regarding the clinicopathological characteristics analyzed.
Conclusions: In Mexico, clinicopathological characteristics of BC have rarely been reported, which involve important clinical management and decision-making regarding the various therapeutic treatments. Therefore, the evidence presented here contributes to recognizing the clinicopathological profile of the women who sought cancer care at the IJC during 2013-2017, as well as being useful for developing other epidemiological studies to evaluate the impact on BC recurrence and the survival chances of women.
Territorial factor of segregation of Russian citizens living abroad
Authors: Bakanova Marina
Published: June 2021

A person’s place of residence often plays a significant role in his fate; moreover, it can act as a discriminatory moment. Specifically, the place of residence of a Russian citizen contributes to his reckoning with a certain caste, which can only be changed by changing the place of residence, and even then not always. In the conditions of modern Russian society, Russian citizens living abroad, especially in the countries of the “black list”, are often impaired in their rights; find themselves in a discriminatory position, which may indicate a kind of unofficial segregation. At the same time, legislatively at the federal level, this defeat in rights depending on the place of residence does not exist; however, it is implemented through laws of a lower order, as well as in the form of an unofficial policy in diplomatic missions, which, according to the convention, should, on the contrary, protect the interests of fellow citizens. Taking into account migration statistics, this type of segregation affects about 16-18% of Russian citizens, and this is a large part of Russian society. Such unofficial segregation can definitely deform Russian society in two directions: lead to a change in the structure of Russian civil society with the allocation of different degrees of citizenship to those more or less impaired in rights - this would legitimize Russia as a country disloyal to its own citizens - or force it to abandon discriminatory laws and traditional concepts, raising a new generation of officials and diplomats, which would contribute to strengthening the international authority of Russia in the world.
Analyzing social representation of gender-based violence throughout media discourse. The case of the Italian press
Authors: Belmonte Rosalba , Negri Michele
Published: June 2021

This work aims to provide a tool to analyze social representations of gender-based violence, an issue that is receiving increasing media attention in recent years. Focusing on the Italian case, the re- search questions we try to answer are: 1) How is gender-based violence represented in the Italian press? 2) How does Italian press represent the women victims of gender-based violence and the men authors of such violence? Particularly, we try to understand how press contributes to the social discourse on gender-based violence and what role it plays in the perpetuation of a social structure based on unequal power relations between genders.The starting hypothesis is that the press can contributes to create and reinforce stereotypes and prejudices about the role of women in society, thus favoring the persistence of those relations of material and symbolic domination, that still too often lead to gender-based violence.Our work is based on the data collected within the research project STEP – Stereotypes and prejudice. Toward a cultural change in gender representation in judicial, law enforcement and media narrative. It relies on the analysis of a corpus containing more than 16,000 articles published in Italian newspapers in the period between the 1st of January 2017 and the 31st December 2019, dealing with the issue of gender-based violence and with the crimes connected to it: domestic violence, rape, femicide, stalking, women trafficking.
Pelaksanaan Proses Asuhan Gizi Terstandar, Pemberian Diet Tinggi Kalori dan Tinggi Protein terhadap pasien pasca bedah Intususepsi Ileocolic, Post Hemikolektomi Kanan, dan Reseksi Ileum End-to-End Anastomosis : Sebuah Laporan Kasus.
Authors: Nasikhah Aprilia Durotun , Rachmah Qonita , Sarworini Endah
Published: June 2021

AbstrakPasien pasca bedah memerlukan asuhan gizi khusus untuk percepatan penyembuhan luka, pemulihan, dan mencukupkan asupan gizi, terlebih pada kasus pasien pasca bedah dengan hemikolektomi dan reseksi ileum yang memepengaruhi fungsi saluran cerna, sehingga diperlukan asuhan gizi terstandar dengan pemberian diet tinggi kalori dan tinggi protein (TKTP) agar dapat menurunkan kadar sel darah putih, meningkatkan kadar albumin, serta menormalkan berat badan. Setelah dilakukan intervensi gizi, fisik pasien mulai membaik di tandai dengan sudah bisa berpindah posisi tidur sendiri, hasil laboratorium biokimia RBC, WBC, HGB, HCT, dan albumin  menunjukkan penurunan dan peningkatan menuju nilai normal, asupan pasien meningkat dari hari ke hari, namun belum dapat mencapai target (<60%). Pada kasus ini pemulihan kondisi pasien cukup cepat. Fungsi saluran cerna secara bertahap membaik ditandai dengan bentuk makanan pasien yang berubah dari cair hingga bubur kasar. Sehingga intervensi yang diberikan secara keseluruhan tercapai kecuali target asupanAbstractPost-operative patients require special nutritional care to accelerate wound healing, recovery, and adequate nutritional intake. Especially in the case of post-operative patients with hemicolectomy and ileocolic resection that affect the function of the gastrointestinal tract, the nutritional care process is needed by providing a high-calorie and high-protein diet to reduce levels of white blood cells, increase levels of albumin, and to normalize the body weight. After the nutritional intervention, the physical condition began to improve, marked by being able to change his sleeping position, the results of the biochemical laboratory such as RBC, WBC, HGB, HCT, and albumin showed a decrease and increase to normal values. The patient's intake increased from day to day, but can not reach the target yet (<60%). In this case, recovery is quite fast. Gastrointestinal function gradually improves as the patient's diet changes from liquid to coarse porridge, so the overall intervention given is achieved except for the intake target.
Foreign Banks in China: Start of a New Stage
Authors: Vdovin A.
Published: June 2021

Received 16.10.2020. The article examines the most recent developments in the evolution of the foreign banks in China. Author provides a brief description of the stages of development of foreign banks in the PRC since the start of the Den Xiaopin’s Reform and Development policy till the present time. The change in assets of foreign banks for the last 15 years is analyzed in details. A comparison of assets of foreign banks with the assets of the China banking system is provided in a form of analytical graph. The author’s assessments of the foreign banking sector over the past ten years give grounds to conclude that there was a stagnation in the development of the foreign banks sector during this period. The recent steps of the Chinese authorities to liberalize the foreign banking sector are analyzed in detail. The author examines the Chinese leader’s systematic approach to the banking reforms and comes to the idea that it consists of three components: the change in the political vision and attitudes, the institution reform of the banking regulators and the reform of banking legislation. An assessment of the impact of liberalization on the development prospects of foreign capital banks is also given. Based on an analysis of the overall scale and impact of recent reforms in the foreign banking sector, the author concludes that a new stage in the development of foreign capital banks in China is likely to begin. The main problems and challenges that foreign banks in China will have to face at a new stage of development are also identified and described.
Assessment of Economic Policy in 2020
Authors: Aukutsionek S.
Published: June 2021

The article describes how the managers of Russia’s industrial and agricultural enterprises (the Russian Economic Barometer’s respondents) assess the governmental economic policy through the end of 2020. The author presents the data on the proportion of managers who understand and approve of this policy and on the first-priority measures that they consider necessary to stimulate production.
Yield, Characterization and Possible Exploitation of Cannabis Sativa L. Roots Grown Under Aeroponics Cultivation
Authors: Ferrini Fabio , Fraternale Daniele , Donati Zeppa Sabrina , Verardo Giancarlo , Gorassini Andrea , Carrabs Vittoria , Albertini Maria Cristina , Sestili Piero
Published: June 2021

Cannabis Sativa L. has been used for a long time to obtain food, fiber and as a medicinal and psychoactive plant. Today the nutraceutical potential of C. Sativa is being increasingly reappraised; however, C. Sativa roots remain poorly studied, despite citations in the scientific literature. In this direction, we identified and quantified the presence of valuable bioactives (namely β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol, friedelin and epi-friedelanol) in the root extracts of C. Sativa, a finding which might pave the way to the exploitation of the therapeutic potential of C. Sativa in all its parts. To facilitate roots harvesting and processing, aeroponic (AP) and aeroponic elicited cultures (AEP), have been set up and compared to soil-cultivated plant (SP): interestingly a considerable overgrowth of the plants - particularly of roots - and a significant increase (up to 20 fold in the case of β-sitosterol) in the total content of the above roots’ bioactive molecules have been observed in AP and AEP. In conclusion aeroponics, an easy, standardised, free of contaminant cultivation tecchnique, allows an ease harvesting/processing of roots along with a greater production of their secondary bioactive metabolites which could be utilized in the formulation of health promoting and health care products.
Special Issue on Bio-Logging and Robotics
Authors: Osuka Koichi , Hashimoto Koichi , Sakura Midori , Hiryu Shizuko
Published: June 2021

In the studies done to date on the swarm behaviors of animals, many different observational techniques have been developed, indicating the importance of such detailed observations. The techniques of researchers aiming to capture the swarm behavior of animals, which is normally visually unobservable, have included attaching microsensors to honey bees or ants and data loggers (micro recorders) to birds or mammals. Such techniques, collectively known as “bio-logging,” can go far in clarifying why we feel animals that exhibit swarm behaviors seem to have a sort of collective intelligence, or “swarm intelligence.” Furthermore, studies on the swarm behaviors of animals may provide important clues to researchers in the field of swarm robotics. It is in this context that this special issue presents papers on bio-logging technologies, the collective behaviors of animals, and various advanced measurement technologies related to them.

This special issue consists of one review article and 14 research papers. The subjects cover a wide range of areas, including control engineering, data science, and ecology. Thus, bio-logging is an interdisciplinary area that can expect to see much growth in the near future.

The editors are confident that this issue will greatly contribute to further progress in the field of bio-logging.
TINJAUAN LITERATUR SISTEMATIK TENTANG KESEHATAN MENTAL SISWA DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Wahyudiana Endang , Andayani Febi
Published: June 2021

Kesehatan mental di sekolah dasar merupakan hal penting untuk diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan 1) mengidentifikasi kesehatan mental di sekolah dasar; 2) mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor kesehatan mental di sekolah dasar; serta 3) menganalisis artikel publikasi (tujuan, metode dan hasil penelitian) dalam jurnal ilmiah periode tahun 2010-2022 yang relevan dengan kesehatan mental di sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode systematic literature review dengan seluruh artikel yang ditemukan yang selanjutnya diseleksi sesuai kriteria inklusi, eksklusi dan quality assessment. Dihasilkan 36 artikel ilmiah yang dapat dianalisis sesuai dengan pertanyaan penelitian yang telah ditetapkan. Hasil penelitian berupa gambaran kesehatan mental di sekolah dasar yang selama ini masih belum banyak dibahas oleh penelitian terdahulu termasuk faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh didalamnya, metode atau teknik yang digunakan dan kecenderungan penelitian selama kurun waktu tahun 2010 – 2022. Penelitian ini berimplikasi pada ditemukannya penelitian berikutnya yang dapat dijadikan sebagai pijakan awal para peneliti berikutnya yang memiliki ketertarikan dalam tema penelitian tentang kesehatan mental di sekolah dasar.