bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Substituted Pyrrole Derivatives Based on 8-azaspiro[5.6]dodec-10-ene Scaffold
Authors: Iusupov Ildar R. , Tafeenko Viсtor A. , Altieri Andrea , Kurkin Alexander V.
Published: December 2023

This work describes the synthesis and X-ray diffraction properties of spirocyclic compounds based on 8-azaspiro[5.6]dodec-10-ene. Diasteriomerically pure pyrrole derivatives were prepared from the spirocyclic 1,2,3-triazole using a coupling reaction. The resulting compounds were characterized via 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and HRMS, and the crystallographic characteristics of one of them were studied by X-ray diffraction.
Mapping Leaf Area Index at Various Rice Growth Stages in Southern India Using Airborne Hyperspectral Remote Sensing
Authors: Prabhakar Mathyam , Gopinath Kodigal A. , Nakka Ravi Kumar , Thirupathi Merugu , Sai Sravan Uppu , Srasvan Kumar Golla , Samba Siva Gutti , Chandana Pebbeti , Singh Vinod Kumar
Published: December 2023

Globally, rice is one of the most important staple food crops. The most significant metric for evaluating the rice growth and productivity is the Leaf Area Index (LAI), which can be effectively monitored using remote sensing data. Hyperspectral remote sensing provides contiguous bands at narrow wavelengths for mapping LAI at various rice phenological stages and it is functionally related to canopy spectral reflectance. Hyperspectral signatures for different phases of rice crop growth was recorded using Airborne Visible Near-Infrared Imaging Spectrometer - Next Generation (AVIRIS-NG) along with corresponding ground based observations. Ground based hyperspectral canopy spectral reflectance measurements was recorded with FieldSpec 3 Hi-Res spectroradiometer (ASD Inc., USA; spectral range: 350-2500 nm) and LAI data from 132 farmer’s fields in Southern India. Among 29 hyperspectral vegetation indices tested, eight were found promising for mapping rice LAI at various phenological stages. Among all the growth stages, elongation stage was the most accurately estimated using vegetation indices that exhibited significant correlation with the airborne hyperspectral reflectance. The validation of hyperspectral vegetation indices revealed that the best fit model for estimating rice LAI was mND705 (red-edge, blue and NIR bands) at seedling and elongation, SAVI (red and NIR bands) at tillering and WDRVI (red and NIR bands) at booting stage.
Immune‐Mediated Necrotizing Myopathy (IMNM): A Story of Antibodies
Authors: Julien Sarah , Challier Inès , Malleter Marine , Jouen Fabienne , Drouot Laurent , Boyer Olivier
Published: December 2023

Immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM) is a rare and severe disease that corresponds to a specific entity of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy. Patients with IMNM suffer from proximal muscle weakness, and present high levels of creatine kinase and necrotic myofibers. Anti-Signal Recognition Particle (SRP) and anti-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase autoantibodies (HMGCR) have recently been identified in two thirds of patients with IMNM and are used as a hallmark of the disease. In this review, we provide a detailed description of these antibodies and the tests used to detect them in the serum of patients. Based on in vitro studies and mouse models of IMNM, we will discuss the role of autoantibodies in the pathogenesis of the disease. Finally, in the light of the latest knowledge, we will conclude with a review of recent therapeutic approaches.
Comparative Study on Performance of ML Models for Fall Detection in Older People
Authors: Sefidi Esfahani Mohammadali , Fattahian Mohammad
Published: December 2023

Fall detection systems play a crucial role in addressing the significant health concern of elderly falls, a leading cause of health deterioration and mortality. As the aging population grows and life expectancy increases, the development of accessible tools becomes vital for predicting and preventing falls, offering a practical and widely applicable solution in contrast to costly and expertise-dependent assessment tools. In contrast, due to the formidable challenges encountered, a comprehensive investigation into the comparative performance of standard ML models within this field still needs to be explored. This paper proposes a standard pipeline for pre-processing, training, and evaluating ML models for fall detection on the SisFall dataset. We conducted extensive experiments to evaluate the performance of various ML models for fall detection. The results validate the efficiency of the deep model in identifying the time windows in which a fall occurred. Among the deep models, the architecture, including a combination of convolutional neural networks and fully connected layers, outperforms the others by macro-averaged Precision, macro-averaged Recall, and macro-averaged F1-Score of 87.03\%, 86.83\%, and 86.93\%, respectively.
New Myzostomids (Annelida) in Symbiosis with Feather Stars in the Shallow Waters of the South China Sea
Authors: Isaychev Alexander , Schepetov Dimitry , Zhou Yutong , Kitashov Andrei V. , Britayev Temir A. , Ivanenko Viatcheslav N.
Published: December 2023

The study concentrated on Myzostomida, which are microscopic polychaetes that live in symbiosis with feather stars, within the coastal waters of Hainan Island. Specimens were collected by researchers using SCUBA diving techniques, leading to the identification of a new species, as well as the documentation of four species that had not been previously recorded in Chinese waters. This discovery stands apart from the seven known Myzostomida species found near Hong Kong and the Dapeng Peninsula in Shenzhen. It underscores significant gaps in our comprehension of marine life in the South China Sea, suggesting the existence of unexplored biodiversity within the region.
Automated Optic Disc Localization from Smartphone-Captured Low Quality Fundus Images Using YOLOv8n Model
Authors: Abay Solomon Gebru , Geurts Luc
Published: December 2023

In areas where conventional fundus cameras are logistically unaffordable, the smartphone-based approach is considered as a promising future of glaucoma screening due to their affordability and ease-of-use. Optic disc localization is a critical stage during glaucoma screenings. For fundus images captured with standard fundus cameras, the majority of the models available out there can locate the optic disc with satisfactory performance. However, for images that are captured with smartphone-based fundus cameras, the inherent noise and lower quality of the fundus image makes it difficult for models to detect the optic disc region. In this study, we have proposed to utilize YOLOv8n for optic disc localization due to the model’s cutting-edge performance in diverse tasks and its lightweight nature. We have used a public dataset which has 2000 low quality fundus images that are captured using a smartphone-based fundoscopy device. From these, 60% of the data was used for fine-tuning the model, and 25% for testing. By using a confidence of 50% set as threshold, the model was able to detect the optic disc successfully on over 97% of test images with intersection over union of above 0.85. These results highlight the potential of the lightweight YOLOv8n model for deployment on resource-constrained environments, offering a promising performance on accurately localizing the OD and enhancing the feasibility of affordable glaucoma screening on smartphones.
Passenger Routing Algorithm for COVID-19 Spreading Prevention by Minimising Overcrowding
Authors: Tolikas Dimitrios , Spyrou Evangelos , Kappatos Vasileios
Published: December 2023

COVID-19 has become a pandemic which resulted in measures being taken for health and safety of people. The spreading of the disease was particularly evident in indoor spaces, where people tend to get overcrowded. One such place is the airport where a plethora of passengers flow to common places, such as coffee shops, duty free shops as well as toilets and gates. Guiding the passengers to less overcrowded places within the airport may be a solution to less spreading. In this paper we suggest a passenger routing algorithm whereby the passengers are guided to less crowded places by using a weighting factor, which is minimised to accomplish the desired goal. We modeled a number of shops in an airport using the AnyLogic software and we tested the algorithm showing that the exposure time is less with routing and that the people get appropriately spread to the common spaces, thus, preventing overcrowding.
Breaking Dynamic Behavior in 3D Covalent Organic Framework with Pre-locked Linker Strategy
Authors: Chen Xiaohong , Yu Chengyang , Yusran Yusran , Qiu Shilun , Fang Qianrong
Published: December 2023

As for their large surface area and pore volume, three-dimensional covalent organic frameworks (3D COFs) have emerged as competitive porous materials. However, due to the structural dynamic behavior particularly for imine-linked 3D COFs, potentially unlock their potential for gas storage application. Herein, we showed a pre-locked linker strategy introduces breaking dynamic behavior in 3D COFs. A predesigned planar linker based 3,8-diamino-6-phenylphenanthridine (DPP) was prepared to produce non-dynamic 3D JUC-595, as benzylideneamine moiety in DPP locked the linker flexibility and restrict the molecular-bond rotation of the imine linkages. Upon solvent inclusion and release, the PXRD profile of JUC-595 remained intake, while JUC-594 with flexible benzidine linker experienced crystal transformation due to framework contraction-expansion. As a result, the activated JUC-595 achieved higher surface areas (754 m² g-1) than that of JUC-594 (548 m² g-1). Furthermore, improved CO2 and CH4 storages were also seen in JUC-595 compared with JUC-594. Impressively, JUC-595 recorded high normalized H2 storage capacity that surpass other reported high surface area 3D COFs. This works shows important insight on manipulating structural properties of 3D COF to tune the gas storage performance.
Exploring Cost Variability and Risk Management Optimization in Natural Disaster Prevention Projects
Authors: Kim Byung-Soo , Cho Jin-Ho , Shin Young-Su , Kim Jae-June
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the causes of cost variation in natural disaster prevention projects (NDPP) in Gyeongsangbuk-do and to develop effective cost and risk management strategies. The study collected data by conducting an online survey of 244 stakeholders. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the impact of various variables on cost deviation, in-cluding project management risk (PMR), project costing and execution risk (PCER), project exe-cution strategy risk (PESR), construction project risk (CPR), project cost and schedule risk (PCSR), project management challenges (PMC), and construction project subcontractor and safety man-agement (CPSSM). The results showed that PMR (OR=3.744, 95% C.I. [1.657, 8.457]), PCER (OR=5.068, 95% C.I. [2.236, 11.484]), PESR (OR=3.447, 95% C.I. [1. 853, 6.413]), CPR (OR=2.292, 95% C.I. [1.020, 5.151]), PCSR (OR=4.817, 95% C.I. [2.250, 10.317]), PMC (OR=2.954, 95% C.I. [1.452, 6. 013]), and CPSSM (OR=2.419, 95% C.I. [1.297, 4.515]) had statistically significant effects on cost deviation. In particular, PMR, PCER, and PESR were identified as the main causes, and the effects of additional factors such as CPSSM were also important. The developed predictive model plays an important role in helping stakeholders of NDPP to manage risks in advance and take appro-priate preventive measures to ensure the success of the project. This study empirically supports the theoretical hypotheses of previous studies and provides a clear understanding of the causes of cost deviation in NDPP, which provides important insights for strategic decision-making and provides a new perspective on risk management.
Visual Performance and Satisfaction of Extended Depth of Focus Contact Lenses in Presbyopic Subjects
Authors: Kamiya Kazutaka , Kaida Tomoko , Higashi Shizuka , Hashiguchi Midori , Kanaya Erika , Miyata Kazunori
Published: December 2023

This study was aimed to assess visual performance and overall satisfaction of extended depth of focus (EDOF) contact lenses (CLs) in a presbyopic population. We prospectively investigated visual acuity at all distances (0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.7, 1, and 5 m), higher-order aberrations (HOAs), contrast sensitivity function, and, overall satisfaction score, before and during EDOF CL wear. Binocular visual acuity at 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1, 2, 3, and 5 m when wearing EDOF CLs was 0.01 ± 0.14, -0.08 ± 0.02, -0.08 ± 0.02, -0.08 ± 0.00, -0.08 ± 0.00, -0.08 ± 0.02, and -0.07 ± 0.02, respectively. We found a significant improvement at near to intermediate distances (0.3, and 0.5 m), but no significant change at intermediate to far distances (0.7, 1, 2, 3, and 5 m) between before and during CL wear. The area under the log contrast sensitivity function was not significantly changed neither under photopic nor mesopic conditions (p=0.099, and p=0.689). Ocular third-order aberrations, fourth-order aberrations or total HOAs for a 4-mm pupil significantly increased. The overall satisfaction score significantly improved by wearing EDOF CLs. EDOF CLs significantly improved visual acuity at near to intermediate dis-tances, while maintaining far vision, and the effect of contrast sensitivity was minimal, suggesting its viability of presbyopic correction in such candidates.
Understanding Local Reactions Induced by Bothrops jararaca Snake Venom: Role of Inflammatory Mediators in Leukocyte-Endothelium Interaction
Authors: Zychar Bianca Cestari , Gonçalves Luís Roberto Camargo
Published: December 2023

In recent years, extensive research has delved into the pathophysiology of local reactions triggered by Bothrops snake venoms. Even though antivenom works well at reducing death and systemic effects, it is still not very effective in treating local reactions because the venom works so quickly, and antivenom cannot fix injuries that have already been triggered. This might be attributed to certain molecules amplifying the venom-induced innate response. While evidence suggests endogenous mediators at the venom site play a role in this envenomation, in Brazil, concurrent use of anti-inflammatories or other drugs associated with the antivenom remains uncommon. The aim of this study was to determine how various inflammatory mediators affected the leukocyte-endothelium interaction (LEI) following a B. jararaca bite. According to our findings, nitric oxide and cyclooxygenase pathway eicosanoids significantly contribute to alteration of LEI induced by B. jararaca venom. Conversely, lipoxygenase-mediated eicosanoids, histamine, or serotonin had minimal participation. Markedly, treatment with dexamethasone alongside antivenom mitigated alterations of LEI induced by the B. jararaca snake venom. The limited efficacy of the antivenom in managing Bothrops venom-induced local reactions emphasizes the critical need for supplementary treatments to enhance therapeutic outcomes.
Reconsideration of codon-anticodon wobble pairings in translation: decoding tables
Authors: Wada Miki
Published: December 2023

The gene translation system possesses inherent complexity in distinguishing codons with degeneracy through repertoires of aminoacyl-tRNAs in the ribosome. Implementation of inosine nucleoside at the anticodon wobble-position in certain tRNAs, especially in eukaryotes, might be arisen to establish complex decoding systems. This report introduces the novel concept of “decoding tables”, which serve as concise summaries of codon-anticodon pairings provided in codon table-like format. Utilizing tRNA genome database information and a procedure based on compiled tRNA studies, the tRNA repertoire and the use of wobble pairings can be depicted for any organisms. The decoding table sheds light on the use of wobble pairings across diverse organisms.
The Correlation between Policy Stringency and Compliance with Restrictions to Reduce the Spread of COVID-19
Authors: Rocha Paulo
Published: December 2023

Upon the outbreak of the COVID-19, countries worldwide developed policies with the goal to introduce restrictive measures geared towards mitigating the spread of the virus. Although these health initiatives were put in place through top-down public directives, they relied heavily on the cooperation of citizens who had to be willing to carry them out. As a consequence, we could observe differences in compliance with governmental restrictions within and between countries. Increasing policy stringency was the method adopted overall to promote people’s compliance. This article used survey data from 10308 participants in Brazil to examine whether there was a positive correlation between policy stringency and compliance with restrictive measures to reduce the spread of COVID-19. The results revealed, however, that there was no direct influence of policy stringency on people’s health behaviors. Accordingly, I hypothesized that individual differences in personality traits were one of the drivers behind policy compliance, as they would support self-interests such as the duty to support authorities as well as the perceived health risks of certain behaviors and ultimately motivate compliance. The findings’ implications for both compliance research and for authorities wanting to nurture voluntary compliance with public health orders are discussed and suggestions are provided.
Suitability of Gelatin Methacrylate and Hydroxyapatite Hydrogels for 3D Bioprinted Bone Tissue
Authors: Stolarov Paul , De Vries Jonathan , Stapleton Sean , Morris Lauren , Martyniak Kari , Kean Thomas
Published: December 2023

Background: Complex bone defects are challenging to treat. Autografting is the gold standard for regenerating bone defects, however limitations include donor site morbidity and increased surgical complexity. Advancements in 3D bioprinting (3DBP) offer a promising alternative for viable bone grafts.

Methods: Design of Experiments (DoE) was used to design 12 hydrogel bioinks of various Gelatin meth-acrylate/hydroxyapatite (GelMA/HA) concentrations. These bioinks were assessed for pipettability and equilibrium modulus. An optimal bioink was designed using the DoE data to produce the greatest stiffness while still being pipettable. Two bioinks, the DoE designed maximal stiff-ness and the experimentally defined maximal stiffness vs. a literature based control were then printed using a 3D bioprinter and assessed for print fidelity. The resulting hydrogels were combined with human bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) and evaluated for cell viability.

Results: DoE ANOVA analysis indicated that the augmented 3 level factorial design model used was a good fit (p < 0.0001). Using the model, DoE correctly predicted that a composite hydrogel consisting of 12.3% GelMA, 15.7% HA, and 2% Gelatin would produce the maximum equilibrium modulus while still being pipettable. The hydrogel with the most optimal print fidelity was 10% GelMA, 2% HA, and 5% Gelatin. There were no significant differences in cell viability within hydrogels from day 2 to day 7 (p > 0.05). There was however a significantly lower cell viability in the gel composed of 12.3% GelMA, 15.7% HA, and 2% gelatin compared to the other gels with lower HA concentration (p < 0.05), showing that higher HA or print pressure may be cytotoxic within hydrogels.

Conclusions: Extrusion-based 3DBP offers significant advantages for bone-tissue implants due to its high customizability. This study demonstrates it is possible to create printable bone-like grafts from GelMA and HA with increased HA levels, favorable mechanical properties (145kPa) and >80% cell viability.
Landau Problem in Dynamical Noncommutative Space
Authors: Haouam Ilyas , Alavi S Ali
Published: December 2023

This paper aims to investigate the Landau problem within a two-dimensional dynamical noncommutative (DNC) space. We address the deformed Landau problem using time-independent perturbation theory, where the eigenenergies are successfully determined. Notably, the energy shift depends on the DNC parameter τ . Using the accuracy of energy measurement, we put an upper bound on the parameter τ . Moreover, we study magnetoconductivity by employing the Kubo formula. This approach has allowed us to test the effects of noncommutative and DNC spaces on the behavior of magnetoconductivity. We show that dynamical noncommutativity of space has no effects on the x-component of the conductivity.
Computer Vision with Causal Inference/Learning: A Deep Learning Approach Notes
Authors: Hambarde Kailash
Published: December 2023

Deep learning heavily relies on statistical correlations to drive artificial intelligence (AI) innovations, particularly in computer vision applications like autonomous driving and robotics. However, despite providing a solid foundation for deep learning, these statistical correlations can be vulnerable to unforeseen and uncontrolled factors. The lack of prior knowledge guidance can result in spurious correlations, introducing confounding factors and affecting the model's robustness. To address this challenge, recent research efforts have focused on integrating causal theory into deep learning methodologies. By modelling the inherent and unbiased causal structure, causal theory can potentially mitigate the impact of spurious correlations effectively. Hence, this paper explores the basics of causal methodologies in image classification.
Effect of Spent Ground Coffee, Vermicompost and Chemical Fertilizers on Organic Red Radish (Ravanello Cherry Belle) Plant and Soil Quality
Authors: Mesmar Athari , Albedwawi Shaikha , Alsalami Aysha , Alshemeili Alreem , Al Raish Seham
Published: December 2023

The overuse of chemical fertilisers degrades the soil ecosystem and restricts the natural development of plants. Within the coffee industry, various by-products are produced throughout the process of coffee production and consumption, which are significant in terms of environmental waste. SCG (spent coffee grounds) contain a variety of bioactive compounds that have demonstrated potential applications in various fields. These compounds can enhance soil quality by improving its chemical, physicochemical, physical properties, and biological fertility, ultimately leading to improved plant growth. This study examines the impact of SCG, vermicompost, and chemical fertilisers on the growth of organic red radish (Ravanello Cherry Belle) and soil quality. The experiment, conducted in a greenhouse, tested various concentrations and applications of SCG. Results showed that the SCGT 0.5 gm treatment yielded the highest mean plant length (18.47 cm) and fresh weight (27.54 grammes), while the SCG 10% treatment resulted in the lowest mean plant length (4.54 cm) and fresh weight (0.07 grammes). Vermicompost at 50% concentration produced the highest mean leaf surface area (58.32). These findings suggest the potential of SCG as a sustainable fertiliser alternative, contributing to improved plant growth and soil quality, thus supporting sustainable agricultural practices and a circular economy.
Assessing the Impact of Multiple Common Factors on the Development of Parkinson’s Disease: An Updated Narrative Review
Authors: Jbaily Hamza
Published: December 2023

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurological condition characterized by bradykinesia, stiffness, tremors, and non-motor symptoms. Despite ongoing studies, the precise etiology of PD remains elusive, and treatment options are limited. This narrative review exhibits the effect of several factors, like chronic constipation, use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), pesticide exposure, smoking, exposure to head trauma, hyperuricemia, gout, cholesterol level, use of statin medications, caffeine consumption, on the risk of developing Parkinson's disease, including up-to-date studies. Constipation emerges as a potential prodromal symptom of PD, with studies revealing a positive correlation between persistent constipation and an increased risk of developing PD. NSAIDs, present conflicting evidence regarding their role in PD prevention. Pesticide exposure, particularly long-term exposure, is associated with an elevated risk of PD, with varying outcomes for different types of pesticides. Surprisingly, cigarette smoking exhibits an inverse correlation with PD risk, suggesting a potential protective role. The relationship between repeated head trauma and PD remains uncertain, with conflicting evidence from epidemiological studies. Uric acid, known for its anti-pro-oxidant properties, shows gender-specific associations with PD risk. Cholesterol's impact on PD risk is multifaceted, with studies presenting contradictory findings. Statin medications, despite their role in managing cholesterol, yield inconclusive results regarding their association with PD risk. Caffeine consumption emerges as a potential protective factor for PD. The conflicting findings underscore the need for further studies to fully understand them. These observations are correlational, and causation remains uncertain. Individual risk factors will depend on a unique genetic and health profile.
Exploring the Impact of Social Media Use on Team Feedback and Team Performance in Construction Projects: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Karimi Razieh , Baghalzadeh Shishehgarkhaneh Milad , Moehler Robert C. , Fang Yihai
Published: December 2023

This systematic literature review explores the impact of social media use (SMU) and practices (SMPs) on team feedback (TF) and performance (TP) in construction project management. The study delves into the intricate dynamics between SMU and SMPs and their influence on communication, collaboration, and stakeholder engagement within construction projects. It investigates how these digital practices reshape the traditional methods of team interaction, feedback mechanisms, and overall team performance in the complex and multifaceted environment of construction sites. The review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of social media in modern construction project management, highlighting its significance in enhancing team communication, coordination, and performance. This research is crucial for understanding the evolving landscape of construction management, where digital tools and platforms are increasingly integral to successful project outcomes. The findings are expected to offer valuable insights for professionals in the construction industry, helping them leverage social media effectively for improved project management and team collaboration.
An Attachable/detachable Hybrid Functional Tape for Micro-chip Transcription for High-yield Direct Semiconductors
Authors: Lee Gwan Seop , Kim Young Gyen , Lee Chil Won , Hong Suk Min , Han Kwan Young
Published: December 2023

As the global semiconductor market is growing steadily, the need for optimization of the man-ufacturing process is paramount. For example, in the process of transferring the semiconductor chips to the substrate, each chip needs to be individually separated from the dicing tape via a plunger. In this process, however, the fixed chip is not easily removed from the tape due to strong adhesion, and the chip can become damaged if it is forcibly pulled out. Therefore, the present paper reports the development of functional adhesive tapes that initially adhere strongly to the semi-conductor chip on the dicing tape but can be easily removed after transfer. The fabricated functional tape has an initial adhesion of 350 gf, which enables firm fixing of the semiconductor chip to be transferred, and a final adhesion of 0.8 gf after UV curing, thereby facilitating removal of the chip without damage after transfer. Therefore, the fabricated functional tape is expected to contribute to the optimization of the semiconductor manufacturing process and is expected to be useful in the semiconductor package manufacturing process.
A vibration-based methodology to monitor road surface: a process to overcome the speed effect
Authors: Meocci Monica
Published: December 2023

Road pavement monitoring represents the baseline to the pavement maintenance process. To quickly fix a damaged road, relevant authorities need a high-efficiency methodology that allows them to obtain data describing the current conditions of a network of roads.
In urban areas, large-scale monitoring campaigns may be more expensive and not fast enough to describe how pavement degradation has evolved over time. Furthermore, at low speeds, many technologies are inadequate for monitoring the streets. In such a context, employing black box equipped vehicles to perform a routine inspection could be an excellent starting point. However, the vibration-based methodologies used to detect road anomalies are strongly affected by the speed of these vehicles.
In this study, a statistical method was to analyze the effects of speed on road pavement conditions at different severity levels through the data recorded by taxi vehicles. Likewise introduced was a process that overcomes the speed effect when considering road surface conditions. The methodology proposed has succeeded in predicting the right damage severity level based on only two recorded parameters: speed and pavement deterioration index.
Surface tension measurements – A comparative study
Authors: Moura Sara Rosa , Furtado Andreia , Pellegrino Olivier , Lenard Elźbieta , Malejczyk Ewa , Sariyerli Gӧkçe , Akcadag Umit , Sousa João
Published: December 2023

The lack of intercomparisons in surface tension measurements, and the need to establish the degree of equivalence of such measurements, lead to a comparative study on this subject carried out by 3 National Metrology Institutes (from Poland, Portugal, and Turkey), within the scope of the Project 17RPT02-rhoLiq. For this purpose, the surface tension of 6 liquids, was determined at 20 °C, using force tensiometers, with 2 different measuring probes (Du Noüy ring and Wilhelmy plate), and by applying different correction factors. The results of this work allowed to conclude on the degree of equivalence of surface tension measurement results, obtained by each NMI, by using different probes and measurement models.
The present of Italian Mediterranean buffalo: precision breeding based on multi-omics data
Authors: Gomez Mayra , Cimmino Roberta , Rossi Dario , Zullo Gianluigi , Campanile Giuseppe , Neglia Gianluca , Biffani Stefano
Published: December 2023

Genetic evaluation in the Italian Mediterranean Buffalo (IMB) traditionally relied on the BLUP method (best linear unbiased predictor), a mixed model system incorporating both random and fixed effects simultaneously. However, recent advancements in genome sequencing technologies have opened up the opportunity to incorporate genomic information into genetic evaluations. The ssGBLUP (single-step best linear unbiased predictor) has become the method par excellence. It replaces the traditional relationship matrix with one that combines pedigree and genomic relationships, allowing for the estimation of genetic values for non-genotyped animals. The findings of this study highlight how genomic selection enhances the precision of breeding values, facilitates greater genetic advancement and reduces the generation interval, ultimately enabling a rapid return on investment.
Comparison of Partial Versus Superficial or Total Parotidectomy for Superficial T1-2 Primary Parotid Cancers
Authors: Han Seung Hoon , Lee Jihae , Kang Jeong Wook , Kim Heejin , Lee Dong Jin , Kim Jin Hwan , Park Il-Seok
Published: December 2023

Objectives. This study aimed to compare the oncological outcomes of partial versus superficial or total parotidectomy for superficial T1 or T2 primary parotid cancers and investigate their prognostic factors and recurrence patterns.Methods. The medical records of 77 patients with T1–2 primary parotid malignancies between May 2003 and March 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the prognostic factors associated with overall survival, disease-free survival, and local and distant recurrence.Results. The average follow-up duration was 70.2 months (range, 12–202 months). The 5-year overall and disease-free survival rates were 88.7% and 77.1%, respectively. Twenty-two patients underwent partial parotidectomy, and 55 underwent superficial or total parotidectomy. There were no significant differences in the disease recurrence (P=0.320) and mortality rates (P=0.884) of the partial and superficial or total parotidectomy groups. The mean duration of surgery was shorter and the overall complication rates were significantly lower in the partial group than in the superficial or total parotidectomy group (P=0.049). Sixteen cases of recurrence occurred during the study period (20.8%). Univariate analyses showed that high-grade tumors (P=0.006), lymphovascular invasion (P=0.046), and regional lymph node metastasis (P=0.010) were significant risk factors for disease recurrence. Multivariate analysis identified regional lymph node metastasis as an independent prognostic factor for disease recurrence (P=0.027), and lymphovascular invasion as an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (P=0.033).Conclusion. The conservative surgical approach of partial parotidectomy can yield oncological outcomes comparable to those of superficial or total parotidectomy with careful patient selection in T1-2 parotid cancers.
Utilitarianism in Halal Tourism Development in Indonesia
Authors: Santoso Lukman , Wahid Soleh Hasan
Published: December 2023

Halal tourism is one of the fastest-growing areas in the world economy. As a Muslim-majority country, Indonesia has the potential to promote halal tourism. However, there are still many problems in the development of halal tourism to realize sustainable benefits and the welfare of the people. This study aims to explore the development of halal tourism in Indonesia from a helpful philosophical perspective. By using a qualitative-interpretative approach, this study employed a library research method. This study provides findings that the development of halal tourism in Indonesia has not given the maximum benefit and welfare impact. Therefore, in the future, in formulating tourism development policies, it is essential to prioritize integrative and responsive aspects by involving all stakeholders and aligning them with the sustainable national development framework. The contribution of this study seeks to present regulatory formulations that have a positive impact on many people and rely on rule utilitarianism. Thus, it will give birth to a halal tourism policy that is inclusive, humane, and contextual to national and global dynamics.
PROGRAMA DE EDUCAÇÃO AMBIENTAL PARA REDUÇÃO DO RISCO DE DESASTRES EM BARRAGENS DE MINERAÇÃO COM FOCO NO ESTUDO DE CASO DE BRUMADINHO/MG
Authors: Bizzotto Francisco , Kobiyama Masato , Campagnolo Karla
Published: December 2023

A recorrência de desastres em todo o mundo requer uma abordagem conjunta na proposição de ferramentas para redução de riscos. Em Minas Gerais, os incidentes envolvendo o rompimento de barragens de rejeitos em Mariana e Brumadinho reforçam essa necessidade. Sendo assim, foi realizado um levantamento de informações primárias nos territórios mais afetados pelo rompimento da barragem de Córrego do Feijão em Brumadinho, em 2019, a fim de identificar ações prévias relacionadas à educação para redução do risco de desastres. Foi identificada apenas a realização de um Simulado Externo junto às comunidades. Diante da constatação de ações insuficientes, propôs-se a implementação de um novo Termo de Referência, para os Programas de Educação Ambiental obrigatórios nos processos de licenciamento ambiental de barragens de mineração, substituindo assim o vigente. Buscou-se com isso promover o ensino sobre desastres, riscos e proteção civil, fortalecendo medidas de minimização de impactos e a autoproteção individual.
DA FRONTEIRA DO CRINGE AO MEMORÁVEL
Authors: Santos Vitor Colleto dos , Lopes Milena Ilha , Batista Natália Lampert , Rizzatti Maurício , Viera Valmir
Published: December 2023

Por muito tempo, o ensino de Geografia esteve atrelado a uma abordagem mnemônica, aqui entendida como cringe, pelo fato de gerar pouca ou nenhuma atratividade em relação aos saberes da disciplina, tornando a Geografia entediante e desarticulada com a realidade vivida dos estudantes. Trazendo essa discussão para a centralidade deste trabalho, tem-se como objetivo de ressignificar a construção de conhecimentos geográficos pelos estudantes ao se propor a aplicação de memes no Ensino de Geografia, recurso bastante presente em ambientes de redes sociais digitais e que é sustentado por ser uma linguagem multimodal. Assim, essa abordagem traz um olhar atento e compromissado com as diferentes formas de interação com o (ciber)espaço na contemporaneidade, especialmente entre os jovens das gerações Millenials e Z. Com esse intuito, a presente pesquisa, posterior ao levantamento teórico prévio sobre o uso de redes sociais como ferramentas educacionais e sobre práticas multiletradas, voltou-se a alcançar os resultados práticos onde foi realizada a aplicação dos memes geográficos junto às turmas de Segundo e Terceiro Anos do Ensino Médio do Colégio participante do projeto. Conclui-se que a pesquisa vislumbra garantir que a presença dos memes como recurso didático relevante a ser empregado pelos professores de Geografia no exercício de sua docência e para os estudantes que desejarem utilizá-los em seus estudos para uma aprendizagem geográfica efetiva e (me)memorável, isto é, a longo prazo, sendo tão relevante que se apresenta o termo “(geo)meme” como sendo qualquer representação memética, com vista a elucidar os saberes da ciência geográfica.
Carbon Emission Prediction in a Region ofHainan Province Based on Improved STIRPAT Model
Authors: Tang Jiaojiao , Zheng Junfang , Yang Guangchao , Li Chunli , Zhao Xiaoli
Published: December 2023

In 2020, China announced significant carbon reduction targets at the United Nations General Assembly: peaking of carbon emissions by 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality before 2060. Research and prediction of regional carbon emissions are crucial for achieving these dual carbon targets across China. This article aims to construct an index system for regional carbon emissions and use this index system to predict carbon emissions in a specific area of Hainan province. By analyzing the current situation of the region, the article uses the interpretable SHAP model to analyze the importance contribution and impact trends of the indicators. Based on an improved STIRPAT model and scenario analysis, the article predicts carbon emissions in the specific area of Hainan province. The results show that the growth of resident population and per capita GDP has the most significant promoting effect on carbon emissions in the region while optimizing industrial structure, energy consumption structure, and reducing energy intensity will inhibit carbon emissions. The prediction results indicate that in the natural scenario, regional carbon emissions will peak in 2035, and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060 is not feasible, while the baseline scenario and ambitious scenario can achieve the dual carbon targets on time or even earlier. The research results of this article provide a reference method for predicting carbon emissions in other regions and a guide for future regional emission reduction.
Longitudinal changes in factors affecting postoperative patient satisfaction after robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: an assessment using a patient-reported questionnaire
Authors: Ogawa Soichiro , Yaginuma Kei , Harigane Yuki , Makabe Syunta , Imai Hitomi , Meguro Satoru , Tanji Ryo , Onagi Akifumi , Honda-Takinami Ruriko , Matsuoka Kanako , Hoshi Seiji , Hata Junya , Sato Yuichi , Akaihata Hidenori , Kataoka Masao , Uemura Motohide , Kojima Yoshiyuki
Published: December 2023

Background
Long-term survival can be achieved in patients with localized prostate cancer (PCa). Therefore, maintenance of postoperative quality of life (QOL) and treatment satisfaction are important. Although longitudinal changes in disease-specific QOL are reported, there are few studies investigating which factors longitudinally affect treatment satisfaction in patients who undergo robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). Therefore, we examined the factors associated with treatment satisfaction over the first 12 months postoperatively based on an assessment using a patient-reported questionnaire.
Methods
Of the 612 consecutive patients who underwent RARP, 408 patients were enrolled in this study and divided into a satisfied group and a non-satisfied group at every evaluation timepoint. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to clarify factors affecting the postoperative treatment satisfaction between the two groups.
Results
Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that factors relating to treatment satisfaction had longitudinally changed. Urinary bother (UB) (odds ratio (OR) = 1.023; p = 0.008), and sexual function (SF) (OR = 0.941; p = 0.004) were the significant factors associated with treatment satisfaction at 1 month postoperatively; UB (OR = 1.040; p = 0.001) and sexual bother (SB) (OR = 1.019; p < 0.001) at 3 months; urinary function (UF) (OR = 1.027; p = 0.008), UB (OR = 1.035; p = 0.011), SB (OR = 1.013; p = 0.009), and hormonal bother (HB) (OR = 1.065; p = 0.023) at 6 months; UF (OR = 1.026; p = 0.008), UB (OR = 1.030; p = 0.029), and SB (OR = 1.014; p = 0.004) at 9 months; UF (OR = 1.024; p = 0.002) at 12 months.
Conclusions
Treatment satisfaction in patients who underwent RARP changed over time. Our results suggest that giving sufficient information before treatment choice is both important and useful for patients’ decision-making, leading to improved patient QOL.
Direct Detection of 4-Dimensions of SARS-CoV-2: Infection (vRNA), Infectivity (Antigen), Binding Antibody, and Functional Neutralizing Antibody in Saliva
Authors: Mohammadi Aida , Chiang Samantha , Li Feng , Wei Fang , Lau Chang S. , Aziz Mohammad , Ibarrondo Francisco J. , Fulcher Jennifer A. , Yang Otto O. , Chia David , Kim Yong , Wong David T.W.
Published: December 2023

We developed a 4-parameter clinical assay using Electric Field­­­ Induced Release and Measurement (EFIRM) technology to simultaneously assess SARS-CoV-2 RNA (vRNA), nucleocapsid antigen, host binding (BAb) and neutralizing antibody (NAb) levels from a drop of saliva with performance that equals or surpasses current EUA-approved tests. The vRNA and antigen assays achieved lower limit of detection (LOD) of 100 copies/reaction and 3.5 TCID₅₀/mL, respectively. The vRNA assay differentiated between acutely infected (n=10) and infection-naïve patients (n=33) with an AUC of 0.9818, sensitivity of 90%, and specificity of 100%. The antigen assay similarly differentiated these patient populations with an AUC of 1.000. The BAb assay detected BAbs with an LOD of 39 pg/mL and distinguished acutely infected (n=35), vaccinated with prior infection (n=13), and vaccinated infection-naïve patients (n=13) from control (n=81) with AUC of 0.9481, 1.000, and 0.9962, respectively. The NAb assay detected NAbs with an LOD of 31.6 Unit/mL and differentiated between COVID-19 recovered or vaccinated patients (n=31) and pre-pandemic controls (n=60) with an AUC 0.923, sensitivity of 87.10%, and specificity of 86.67%. Our multiparameter assay represents a significant technological advancement to simultaneously address SARS-CoV-2 infection and immunity, and it lays the foundation for tackling potential future pandemics.
Evaluation of Vegetation Restoration Effectiveness along the Yangtze River Shoreline and Its Response to Land Use Changes
Authors: Huang Yinlan , Li Xinyi , Liu Dan , Duan Binyan , Huang Xinyu , Chen Shi
Published: December 2023

Assessing the effectiveness of vegetation restoration along the Yangtze River shoreline and exploring the relationship between vegetation restoration and land use changes are essential for providing recommendations for sustainable management and environmental protection. However, the effect of vegetation restoration after the implementation of the Yangtze River Conservation Project is not well known. In this study, based on Sentinel-2 satellite imagery before (2016) and after (2022) the Yangtze River Conservation Project, as well as Dynamic World land use data, pixel-based binary models, transition matrices, and geographically weighted regression models were used to analyze the state and evolution of vegetation coverage in the Yangtze River shoreline region. The results indicated that there had been an increase in the area covered by high and high-medium vegetation levels. The proportion of vegetation cover shifting to better was 35.68%. Hotspots of vegetation coverage improvement were primarily distributed along the Yangtze River. In areas with vegetation coverage improvement, the main types of land use changes included the conversion of water to crops (22.79%), trees to crops (10.76%), crops to built area (10.76%). Conversion between crops and built area was a significant factor influencing vegetation coverage improvement, with average regression coefficients of 0.68 and 0.50, respectively.
Assessment of Myeloid Response and Iron Status among Sudanese Pediatric ESRD on Hemodialysis through Reticulocyte Parameters and β-Globin mRNA Expression
Authors: Abdelrahman Abier Abdelaziz Makkawi , Marzouk Ahmed Ibrahim , Altayeb Osama Ali , Fadul Eman Abbas , Osman Mugtaba , Allam Nahla , Ahmed Nadia Madani Mohammed , Husain Nazik Elmalaika Obaid Seid Ahmed
Published: December 2023

Background: This study explores anemia in Sudanese children with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) on hemodialysis, focusing on the effectiveness of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin (rHuEPO) treatment. It aims to assess myeloid response and classify anemia types using reticulocyte parameters and β-globin mRNA expression.
Methods: Conducted in Khartoum State hospitals, the study included anemic children (≤15 years) undergoing hemodialysis and rHuEPO treatment. Flow Cytometry and RT-PCR were used to evaluate reticulocyte parameters and β-globin mRNA expression, respectively. Statistical analyses included Pearson correlation, logistic regression, and Receiver Operator Characteristics (ROC) curves.
Results: This study evaluated β-globin gene expression in 45 anemic Sudanese children using RT-PCR, revealing variable expression levels ranging from 1.2 to 5.3 folds. Flow Cytometry showed significant correlations with mRNA Fold Change Expression (FCE). Gated Mature Reticulocytes and Immature Reticulocyte Fraction (IRF) positively correlated with FCE (p-values <0.0001 and 0.0258, respectively), whereas Hemoglobin Content of Reticulocytes (CHr) had a negative correlation (p = 0.0022). Gender analysis indicated a significant association between gender and IRF, with males showing lower IRF (p = 0.017), supported by area under the curve (AUC) analysis (AUC = 0.800). Flow Cytometry reticulocyte count correlated strongly with mRNA expression (β = 0.1018, p < 0.0001). There was no significant gender differences in hemoglobin levels (p = 0.999), but a strong positive correlation between hemoglobin and β-globin mRNA expression (r = 0.875, p < 0.000) was observed. Age was identified as a significant predictor of CHr (β = 0.394, p = 0.039).
Conclusion: Significant variability in β-globin gene expression was observed. Flow Cytometry parameters showed strong correlations with mRNA expression. Gender differences influenced IRF levels, with males showing lower IRF. CHr and percentage of hypochromic red blood cells (%Hypo) were effective in assessing iron status and guiding rHuEPO dosage. The study highlights the potential of β-globin mRNA and reticulocyte parameters in diagnosing and monitoring anemia in pediatric ESRD patients. It underscores the need for precise, gender-specific approaches in treatment, laying a foundation for future research and improved therapeutic strategies.