bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Regulatory and legal basis of electronic governance for modernization of administrative processes in public authorities of Ukraine
Authors: Mazur Oleksandr
Published: September 2020

In the article, we understand the term «administrative process» as the statutory procedure for public administration. The author considers the legal framework for introducing e-governance according to modernizing the activities of public administration, which are the main stages of administrative processes. The author believes the implementation of information and communication technologies is an important area for achieving greater efficiency of public administration.

The purpose of the article is to conduct a retrospective review and systematization of regulatory and legal support of Ukraine on the implementation of e-governance aimed at modernizing the administrative processes taking place in public administration.

The author examines the regulations on informatization, e-governance and digital transformation in terms of the main stages of administrative processes, namely: task definition; preparation for management decisions; decision making; bringing it to the recipients and organization of execution; control over the implementation of the decisions.

The author concludes that since the proclamation of Ukraine’s independence in 1991 to the present in regulations on the introduction of information and communication technologies in public administration areas of public policy in the field of informatization and e-governance have significantly changed the administrative processes in public administration bodies. The author states that at the first stages of informatization of public administration in regulatory and legal support the greatest attention in the introduction of information and communication technologies was paid to the main stages of administrative processes. According to the author, the basic principles of information society development in Ukraine, with their focus on citizen participation in governance, have influenced all the main stages of administrative processes. To support, the author systematizes the main stages of information systems used in public administration, namely: information systems for statistical presentation of information are introduced for the stage of «task definition»; information-analytical systems are introduced for the stages «preparation for management decision-making» and «decision-making»; for the stages of «bringing it to the addressees of the decision», «organization of execution» and «control of execution of decisions» electronic document management systems are introduced.

In the course of the analysis, the author finds out that the activities of public administration bodies such as «disclosure and access to public information» and «public services providing» in which administrative processes take place have become important. According to the author, the active phase of rule-making support of e-governance shows that the main focus is on providing administrative services in electronic form through web portals and mobile Internet services.
Informational security in the context of challenges end threats of national security
Authors: Panchenko Oleh
Published: September 2020

The article analyzes the current problems of information security as a part of the national security of the state. The author identifies the reasons for the unsatisfactory situation in the field of information security. Particular attention is paid to the legal framework for information security and prospects for improving legislation, the problems of regulating relations in this area. Successful development and the very existence of Ukraine as a sovereign state is impossible without ensuring its national security. The society’s and the state’s information security is determined by the degree of their protection and, consequently, the stability of the main areas of life concerning dangerous, destabilizing, destructive, infringing the interests of the country information actions at both implementation, and retrieval.

The state information policy, as activity of system of public authorities and administration in the information-psychological area occupies the central place in the system of regulation of both social and political relations in the modern information society. The transparency of the state information policy is the basis for ensuring the country’s socio-psychological stability and successful economic development. The practice of information and psychological influence is more and more developing in the modern world. The terms «informational» and «psychological» wars are widely used by politicians and political scientists, and are increasingly appearing in the context of the country’s information security issues.

The purpose of this article is to determine the role of information security in the national security of the state and to study the legislative regulation in the information area of Ukraine.

A radical change in the state’s approach to solving this problem should become one of the priorities in ensuring national security.
Improving state regulation of the insurance services market
Authors: Klymenko Olha
Published: September 2020

An urgent task in the field of public administration of non-banking financial services markets is to improve the regulation of the insurance market. On the example of the insurance services market, the problems of the functioning of the financial market regulation system are highlighted. Suggestions for its improvement are presented to increase the competitiveness of these markets. The development of the Ukrainian insurance market after 2015 to the present has a positive trend, which indicates the effectiveness and managerial ability of the state regulation system. The indicators of the state of the insurance market of Ukraine in comparison with similar indicators of such markets in the countries of the European Union are considered. The dynamics of concentration of the insurance market of Ukraine over the past 15 years has been analyzed. The main trends in the development of competition in this financial sphere have been identified. The necessity of state regulation of the concentration of the insurance market is substantiated. Views on the methodology and tools used in the study of the concentration and competitiveness of the insurance market are presented. Suggestions for improving the methods are given. It is shown that from 2012 to 2019 the Herfindahl - Hirschman index for risky types of insurance and for the insurance market as a whole has been increasing. It is established that according to the gradation of financial market concentration levels using the Herfindahl - Hirschman index, the insurance market of Ukraine corresponds to the degree of low concentration. According to the value of the Herfindahl - Hirschman indicator, the concentration of the life insurance market during 2003 – 2019, with the exception of 2015, is moderate. But the total share of gross insurance premiums collected by the three largest insurance companies in 2017 – 2019 exceeded 50 % of all gross insurance premiums. According to the Ukrainian law, such a market is considered a monopoly. It is shown that when analyzing the state and development of the insurance market of Ukraine, it is advisable to supplement the values of the Herfindahl - Hirschman index with corrective coefficients that take into account regional characteristics of the market, types of insurance, additional indicators of its functioning efficiency. Measures are proposed to accelerate the development of the insurance market of Ukraine by improving its regulation system.
Regional policy on sustainable development of Ukraine in the context of European integration
Authors: Melnyshyn Lev
Published: September 2020

The article analyzes the issues of regional development in the context of modern public administration. The study of regional development is actualized by the presence of the social order and the peculiarities of development in Ukraine. The experience of realization of social and economic development of regions is generalized on an example.

The world experience of state regulation of regional development is largely differentiated due to the peculiarities and development of national economies, state system, political traditions and forms of international integration, and therefore it is almost impossible to identify the dominant model of regional development policy.

The global trend of the modern world is the growing role of regions as units of the regional level of government, which can, on the one hand, reduce the burden on central government, taking over some of their powers, and on the other - take into account the needs of local decision-making. This process is the result of decentralization, regionalization, democratization and globalization.

The long crisis period in Ukraine and the proclaimed European integration vector objectively require the implementation of a scientifically sound integrated state policy aimed at restoring economic growth and the economy to the level of global competitiveness. The regional aspect of the economic growth strategy has an exclusive role for Ukraine.

Today it is necessary to implement its own scientifically sound and balanced regional policy, harmonization of the principles of interaction of the center with the regions in order to ensure the optimal combination of national and regional interests. According to the levels of economic, technological and social development, the regions of Ukraine are significantly differentiated and the problem of leveling these disparities remains relevant.
Strategic management by the regional economic development in public administration in Ukraine
Authors: Pastukh Kateryna
Published: September 2020

In a modern regional economy in Ukraine, there is a need to improve the mechanisms of strategic management by the regional economic development in public administration. Problems of the economic regional development in Ukraine explains the need to pay attention to strategic management by the regional economic development in the sphere of public administration.

The issue of strategic management by the regional economic development in the sphere of public administration has been covered in the scientific works. But despite active scientific researches the strategic management by the regional economic development public administration in Ukraine isn’t still studied properly.

The strategic management by the regional economic development in public administration in Ukraine have been investigated. The normative legal base of strategic management by the regional economic development in public administration in Ukraine are generalized. The main components of normative legal base of strategic management by the regional economic development in public administration in Ukraine are The Constitution of Ukraine, laws of Ukraine, Codes of Ukraine, Acts of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine and others. The features of strategic planning of regional economic development in the sphere of public administration in Ukraine are considered.

In today’s conditions, the state of regional socio-economic and ecological development in Ukraine require the improvement of provision of strategic management by the regional economic development in public administration in Ukraine. The ways for improving the provision of strategic management by the regional economic development in public administration in Ukraine are determined.
Current trends in the implementation and development of communications in the Ukrainian model of public governance in health care
Authors: Ustymchuk Olha
Published: September 2020

The article looks at the processes of capacity building and improvement of the quality of communicative interaction in the national model of public health management. The development of the information infrastructure, the increase of the level of computer literacy and the information culture of the community allow to transform the managerial approaches and forms of interaction concerning health between the state authorities and the population. The author highlighted and analyzed the main characteristics of health communication models in the historical context. An organizational and functional analysis of the current state of the regional health care system has been made, the communicative content of managerial branch problems identified, and a description of the main subjects, stakeholders and communication channels in the management of health care in the implementation of health care reform in Ukraine provided. Taking into account the world experience, proposals regarding strengthening of the integration of the Ukrainian model of the health care system and its management system into the European medical space on the basis of improving communication and organizational relations have been made. The theoretical basis for improving the public health care management system in Ukraine is the provision on the feasibility of embedded integration in the complex of communicational and organizational links in the health care system in the institutional, organizational and managerial environment of interaction of the subjects of management in the local, regional, national and international levels, based on the distribution of power and responsibilities in relationships between state bodies, local self-government bodies, entities of health care, the public and others take holders in the development of the medical sector, is designed to ensure a sustainable increase in the health-care efficiency for the Ukrainian population as a result of medical reform.
Compositions for saxophone with wind orchestra as a phenomenon academic musically performing art
Authors: Lebed Volodymyr
Published: September 2020

The purpose of scientific article is studying of the definite reasons, particular preconditions in relation to increasing the quantity of original compositions for saxophone with wind orchestra in academic musical-performing art in the period of the 20th – the beginning of the 21st centuries. The round of methods concerning this scientific investigation is delineated, first of all, by historical approach, which stipulated by marking of the wide period regarding academic art of saxophone playing, a namely by the frames of the 20th – the beginning 21st centuries. The comparative method is also applied by author in this work for the possibility as touching the detection of certain differences into academic masterpieces for saxophone with wind professional orchestra by various composers and culturally historical periods. The structurally analytical and generalizing methods of the research are used by investigator for making of determined sequence in reference to exposition of scientific material and implementation of conclusions as well as the prospects relatively further exploration of the noted theme. The scientific newness of the represented disquisition is postulated by absence of the process comparatively studying by scholars of the reasons, preconditions concerning writing of the original academic compositions for saxophone with wind orchestra as well as by lack of the specialized works, which were dedicated to the revealing of the phenomenon regarding establishment of the academic saxophone repertoire in the European professional music of the 20th – the beginning of the 21st centuries. Conclusions. The historical process relatively the development of academic masterpieces for saxophone with wind orchestra was observed by author in this investigation. The reasons for essential activity of composers’ interest to a saxophone and, as a result, appearance of the various original academic compositions for saxophone with wind orchestra are hiding into the impetuous improvement of the saxophonists’ professional performing mastery, which is beginning from the middle of the 20th century. The saxophone conquers the confession on the academic musical stage and becomes the most requested for contemporary audience because it is the youngest academic professional wind instrument.
Policy Brief
Authors: Lasker Shamima Parvin
Published: September 2020

Asian Bioethics Conference (ABC20) was held on 22-25 Nov. 2019 at DGHS (Directorate General of Health Services) auditorium, Mohakhali and NEC (National Election Commission) Auditorium, Agargoan, Dhaka. Conference was organized by Bangladesh Bioethics Society (BBS) in cooperation of DGHS, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare; Social Science Research Council Bangladesh, Ministry of Planning; Bangladesh Medical Research Council, Mohakhali Dhaka; Asian Bioethics Association (ABA) and Eubios Ethics Institute, Thailand, New Zealand’s and Japan.

Mr MA Mannan MP, Honorable Planning Minister, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh was the Chief Guest.

Dr. Md. Murad Hassan MP, Honorable State Minister, Ministry of Information, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh was present as Special Guest.

Md. Nurul Amin, Secretary, Planning Division, Ministry of Planning and Dr Iqbal Kabir, Director, Planning, Monitoring, & Research and Coordinator, DGHS were also present as Special Guests.

Bioethics promotes strong ethical values, practice of ethics and morality in Science, Social Science, Commerce and Arts.

The conference brought together scholars and policy makers from different disciplines from all around the world to discuss and deliberate the latest issues of bioethics in biomedicine, biotechnology, science, social science, education and research.

Around 300 participants from different universities and government officials including 40 foreign delegates from Asia & Pacific and beyond were present at the conference.
Histopathological Spectrum of Central Nervous System Tumors: an Experience at a Hospital in Nepal
Authors: Shrestha Agya , Parajuli Sharmila , Shrestha Pratyush , Basnet Ranga Bahadur
Published: September 2020

Background: More than half of Central Nervous System tumors are benign; however, they can cause substantial morbidity. The classification of central nervous system is vital for their varied outcomes and management. The objective of this study is to provide the histopathological spectrum of central nervous system tumors in a central hospital in Nepal.Methods: The present study is a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at Department of Pathology, Kathmandu Model Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal from January 2010 to December 2017 of 162 cases of clinically diagnosed cases of central nervous system tumors. All patients were classified according to the World Health Organization classification of central nervous system tumors. Results: Nine of these162 patients did not have any tumor. The most common categories of tumors were astrocytic and oligodendroglial tumors (39.2%), meningiomas (21.5%), cranial and para spinal tumors (15%), tumors of sellar region including pituitary adenoma (4.5%), and metastatic tumors (3.2%). Glioblastoma(51.6%) and diffuse astrocytoma (21.6%) were the most common astrocytic and oligodendroglial tumors. The most common site of tumors in the brain was frontal (14.37%) followed by temporal (10.45%) region in the brain and dorsal region in spine.Conclusions: This study gives the current scenario of the epidemiology and clinicohistopathological aspects of different brain tumors as encountered in a tertiary level hospital in Kathmandu.Keywords: Astrocytoma; central nervous system; cranial; meningioma; tumors.
Intake Assessment and Diagnostic Accuracy of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder diagnostic Scale Being Developed for Children in Nepal
Authors: Devkota Narmada , Subba Shishir , Sharma Nandita , Devkota Janardan
Published: September 2020

Background: Establishment of accurate diagnosis of participants is vital before starting the development of diagnostic scale. The aim of this study was to develop psychometrically sound Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder diagnostic scale for children. Methods: Informed consent was taken. Initial diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder was made by using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-5. Socio-demographic data were obtained. Behavior observation, parental information and teacher’s report were also analyzed. Then, Kiddie-Schedule for Affective disorders and Schizophrenia, Child and Adolescent Symptoms Inventory, Stroop Color and word test were done to obtain confirmatory data. Verbatim collection was done to develop the culture specific items. Likewise, standardization was doneResults: Accurate diagnosis was established with the help of various tools and techniques. Comorbid conditions were excluded. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed where reliability of each item was ? 0.90; whereas, sensitivity and specificity were 97.0% and 96.6%, respectively with cut off score of 38.5. All items are highly co-related with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder items of Child and Adolescent Symptoms Inventory-5.Conclusions: Results clearly indicated that diagnostic accuracy values of this scale is high.Keywords: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; assessment; diagnostic accuracy; specificity-sensitivity
Clinical Outcome of Patients Hospitalized in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Nepal with Confirmed Influenza A/pdm 09(H1N1) in 2018/2019
Authors: Acharya Upasana , Acharya Subhash Prasad
Published: September 2020

Background: It is important to monitor the cases affected by Influenza A/pdm09 as it is difficult to predict the behavior of Influenza A/pdm09 virus as a seasonal influenza. This study aimed to measure the clinical outcomes of patients with Influenza A/pdm 09 in a tertiary care hospital of Nepal in post pandemic period.Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital of central Nepal to record the confirmed cases of Influenza A/pdm 09 from April 2018 to March 2019.The medical records of those patients whose throat sample had been sent to laboratory for testing Influenza A/pdm 09 were referred. The outcomes were then abstracted from the hospital system/medical record department.Results: Among 141 influenza suspected cases, 35.5%(N=50) were Influenza A/Pdm 09 positive. Both male and female were equal in distribution (N=25). Most positive cases were from the age group of 15-64 yrs. Out of total,72 %( N=36) with Influenza A/pdm 09 were discharged after treatment whereas case fatality rate was 22 %( N=11). Twenty-one positive cases were admitted in intensive care unit in which 52.4% expired. The average length of stay in I.C.U and mechanical ventilation were 6.4 days and 5.8 days respectively.Conclusions: This study in post pandemic period in Nepal shows the outcomes of patients with confirmed influenza A/pdm 09 in a year time period with comparably high case fatality rate. Keywords: Influenza A/pdm 09; Nepal; post pandemic, retrospective
Uterine Rupture During Medical Induction for Second Trimester Abortion
Authors: Poudel Rekha , Dangal Ganesh , Karki Aruna , Pradhan Hema , Shrestha Ranjana , Bhattachan Kabin , Bajracharya Nishma , Tiwari Kenusha , Bharati Sonu
Published: September 2020

Medical induction is an alternative to dilatation and evacuation (D and E) in second trimester abortion, though it has higher risk of minor complications compared to D and E. Combination of mifepristone and misoprostol is commonly used for the medical abortion. A 32 years G3P2L2 with previous two cesarean delivery was referred to our center at sixteen weeks of gestation for termination of her pregnancy. After 63 doses of misoprostol, she had to undergo unintended major intra-abdominal surgery for partial uterine rupture. Keywords: Dilatation and evacuation; medical induction; second trimester abortion; uterine rupture.
Sub Sinus Ridge Height at First Molar Region- A Panoramic Radiograph Based Study
Authors: Pandey Nashib , Gupta Sujaya , Shah Ankit , Khapung Anju , Dhami Bhageshwar
Published: September 2020

Background: Among various replacement options available for maxillary molars, implants necessitate the need to examine available ridge height and width. Panoramic radiographs (orthopantomograms) are routinely used for preliminary determination of ridge height which is helpful in communicating with patients regarding treatment needs and options. This study was designed with the aim to assess the sub sinus ridge height at dentulous and edentulous first molar sites.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to November 2019 among patients visiting the dental college. The orthopantomograms of 455 patients were prospectively collected and analysed using Carestream imaging software (version 7.0.0). Distance from alveolar crest to maxillary sinus was measured in first molar region. Results: Mean minimal sub sinus ridge height at non-missing maxillary first molar site was 8.16 ± 2.6 mm, whereas for missing maxillary first molar site it was 5.25 ± 2.28 mm and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). Statistically significant difference among the age groups and minimum subsinus ridge height (p<0.001) was observed. Conclusions: Missing maxillary first molar sites may often require vertical bone augmentation with direct sinus lifting procedures if it has to undergo replacement with dental implants in the representative Nepalese population.Keywords: Implant; Nepalese; orthopantomogram; panoramic radiography; sinus augmentation
Clinico-Laboratory Profile, Complications and Therapeutic Outcome of Scrub Typhus in Children
Authors: Chapagain Ram Hari , Agrawal Sumit , Pokharel Sunita , Kayastha Madhusudhan , Bhattrai Susan , Jha Anshu , Gauchan Prerana , Adhikari Santosh , Giri Bishnu Rath , Sah Ravindra kumar
Published: September 2020

Background: Scrub typhus, an important cause of undifferentiated fever, is grossly neglected and often misdiagnosed in low and middle income countries like Nepal. The main aim of this study was to describe the clinico-laboratory profile, drug used in treatment, predictor of PICU admission and therapeutic outcome of serologically confirmed scrub typhus among Nepalese children.Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out in children aged up to 14 years with serologically (IgM ELISA) diagnosed Scrub typhus, admitted in a tertiary care hospital of central Nepal between Jan 2019 to Dec 2019.Results: All 100 children with scrub typhus presented with fever. Other symptoms and sign were cough (29%), abdominal distension (22%) hepatomegaly (45%), splenomegaly (28%), crepitation (10%) and eschar (6%). Similarly, thrombocytopenia (72%), and increased liver enzymes SGPT (51%) and SGOT (62%) were found. Co-infection with dengue (5%) brucella (5%) and UTI (5%) were seen. Thirty six percent has some form of complication. Fifty eight percent of children were treated with azithromycin and 25% treated with doxycycline. The mean length of hospital stay was 6.68 ±2.97 days with a mean duration of defervescence being 30.07 ± 26.65 hours. The increased risk of PICU admission was found in those children with crepitation in chest (OR: 15.17, 95% CI: 3.4-66.8) during presentation and those children not getting azithromycin as treatment (OR: 3.8, 95% CI: 1.2-11.7)Conclusions: Scrub typhus should be considered as a differential diagnosis in any community acquired acute undifferentiated febrile illness regardless of the presence of an eschar. Sepsis, meningitis and pneumonia are important complications. Child having crepitation on presentation has an increased chance admission in critical care unit. The child receiving azithromycin has less chance to land in PICU.Keywords: Clinico-laboratory profile; complications; fever; scrub typhus.
Safety and Efficacy of Different Therapeutic Interventions on Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19
Authors: Gyanwali Pradip , Sharma Sitasma , Pant Suman , Koirala Pallavi , Adhikari Kriti , Koirala Janak , Dhimal Meghnath
Published: September 2020

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the strain of coronavirus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a respiratory illness. COVID-19 has now become a global public health crisis causing alarming numbers of morbidity and mortality. Ever since the COVID-19 pandemic started scientists, researchers, universities, companies, and institutions all around the world have been endeavoring to discover a potential treatment for COVID-19. Numerous studies and clinical trials on vaccines and drugs for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 are underway across the world. However, the uncertainty around the efficacy and safety of various treatment regimens have become one of the biggest challenges in the battle against the SARS-CoV-2. This paper is a narrative review of articles regarding the various treatments and vaccines being tested for the SARS-CoV-2, available in the PubMed database along with Google Scholar. There are ongoing clinical trials on potential drugs such as remdesivir, favipiravir, lopinavir/ritonavir, chloroquine, and hydroxychloroquine, corticosteroids tocilizumab, azithromycin, anakinra, etc. and other therapeutic modalities like convalescent plasma therapy. Likewise, vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are being developed and tested, including mRNA, non-replicating viral vector, DNA, protein subunit candidate vaccines, etc. Although some early-stage clinical trials and studies on these drugs and vaccines have shown positive results, definitive and conclusive results are yet to be obtained.

Keywords: COVID-19; antiviral drugs; COVID-19 treatment; COVID-19 vaccine; SARS-CoV-2
OPTIMALISASI PERAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI DALAM PEMBANGUNAN HUKUM NASIONAL DENGAN MODEL PREVENTIVE REVIEW
Authors: Wicaksono Indra
Published: September 2020

Menghindari undang-undang yang inkonstitusional, Mahkamah Konstitusi dibentuk sebagai pengawal konstitusi. Namun, kewenangan Mahkamah Konstitusi, yaitu judicial review bersifat represif, artinya tidak dapat mencegah undang-undang yang nantinya akan inkonstitusional. Masalahnya, yaitu mengenai urgensi kewenangan model preventive review yang diberikan kepada Mahkamah Konstitusi dan relevansi model preventive review dengan pembangunan hukum nasional. Maka, perlu dilakukan penelitian hukum doktrinal, objek utamanya adalah undang-undang dengan menggunakan teori dari para ahli. Bahan hukumnya adalah bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dan analisis deskriptif. Kewenangan model preventive review memberikan kepastian hukum, melindungi hak-hak warga negara, dan mencegah produk hukum yang inkonstitusional. Model ini sangat relevan dengan pembangunan hukum Indonesia, sehingga dapat menghasilkan produk hukum yang berkualitas dan memperkuat hak-hak konstitusional warga negara.
PENGGUNAAN KONSEP BANTUAN HUKUM STRUKTURAL SEBAGAI PEMBANGUNAN BUDAYA HUKUM NASIONAL INDONESIA
Authors: Huang Septeven , Sharifa Aisyah
Published: September 2020

Pembangunan hukum nasional merupakan hal yang sangat fundamental bagi Indonesia sebagai negara hukum. Akan tetapi kenyataan menunjukan bahwa pembangunan hukum selama ini masih menunjukan ketimpangan, serta belum banyak melibatkan partisipasi masyarakat. Pembangunan hukum juga masih terlalu terfokus kepada substansi hukum dan belum banyak meningkatkan budaya hukum masyarakat, sehingga diperlukan suatu pendekatan baru dalam membangun hukum Indonesia, agar akses terhadap keadilan dapat digapai oleh seluruh golongan masyarakat. Salah satu strategi pemberian bantuan hukum untuk meningkatkan akses terhadap keadilan adalah bantuan hukum struktural, dengan fokus pada upaya meningkatkan budaya hukum kelompok rentan, bantuan hukum struktural dapat menjadi solusi atas pembangunan hukum Indonesia yang belum maksimal. Lantaran bantuan hukum struktural dapat melibatkan partisipasi masyarakat luas, khususnya mereka yang lebih membutuhkan perlindungan hukum, untuk ikut berkontribusi dalam proses pembangunan hukum nasional. Maka penulis sarankan agar bantuan hukum struktural dapat terkristalisasi dalam Undang-Undang Bantuan Hukum sehingga tidak hanya organisasi bantuan hukum dalam naungan Yayasan Lembaga Bantuan Hukum Indonesia saja yang menerapkan bantuan hukum struktural, tetapi juga semua organisasi bantuan hukum yang terdaftar dan terakreditasi secara resmi. Dalam meneliti karya tulis ini, Penulis menggunakan metode penelitian berupa studi dokumen dengan data primer, sekunder dan tersier.
KEWENANGAN BADAN PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA KONSUMEN (BPSK) DALAM MEMUTUS PERKARA PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN (STUDI KASUS PERKARA PT. CANDRATEX DAN PT. ASIAN CUTTON DENGAN BPJS CABANG SOREANG)
Authors: Arman Tjoneng  , Christine S. Basani  , Rizsal Epani
Published: September 2020

Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen (BPSK) sebagai lembaga quasi peradilan yang berwenang memutus perkara bidang perlindungan konsumen. BPSK Kabupaten Bandung telah memutus keberatan dari PT. Candratex Sejati dan PT. Asian Cotton Industry terhadap BPJS cabang Soreang terkait sanksi adminitrasi yang diberikan oleh BPJS cabang Soreang melalui Teguran Tertulis yang intinya menghukum BPJS Cabang Soreang untuk merubah kebijakannya yang telah mewajibkan setiap perusahaan untuk mendaftarkan pekerjanya pada BPJS Kesehatan karena kebijakan tersebut dianggap telah terbukti menimbulkan praktik monopoli, menyebabkan persaingan usaha yang tidak sehat dan merugikan sebagian besar konsumen serta perusahaan asuransi kesehatan. BPSK Kabupaten Bandung dalam memutus keberatan yang diajukan oleh PT. Candratex Sejati dan PT. Asian Cotton Industry terhadap BPJS cabang Soreang telah melanggar kewenangan dari BPSK sendiri, karena sengketa yang terjadi antara PT. Candratex Sejati dan PT. Asian Cotton Industry dengan BPJS cabang Soreang sebagai Badan Tata Usaha Negara yang memberikan sanksi atas ketidakpatuhan PT. Candratex Sejati dan PT. Asian Cotton Industry untuk menjadi peserta Jaminan Kesehatan yang diselenggarakan oleh BPJS bukan merupakan sengketa antara pelaku usaha dengan konsumen. Oleh karena itu, seharusnya hal ini diputus melalui PTUN.
TATA KELOLA ENERGI TERBARUKAN DI SEKTOR KETENAGLISTRIKAN DALAM KERANGKA PEMBANGUNAN HUKUM NASIONAL
Authors: Nunuk Febriananingsih
Published: September 2020

Listrik merupakan sumber daya energi yang strategis dan sangat penting bagi hajat hidup rakyat banyak. Pemerintah sudah berusaha untuk membebaskan Indonesia dari krisis energi listrik dan berupaya mencari alternatif penggunaan energi baru dan terbarukan (EBT). Pemerintah telah berkomitmen bahwa EBT akan terus dikembangkan untuk menjamin ketahanan energi di Indonesia serta memenuhi permintaan listrik yang kian bertambah. Pemerintah menetapkan target 23% porsi energi bersih dalam bauran energi nasional di tahun 2025 dan 31% pada tahun 2030 melalui Kebijakan Energi Nasional (KEN) dan Rencana Umum Energi Nasional (RUEN). Pemerintah telah menerbitkan Peraturan Menteri Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral Nomor 50 Tahun 2017 tentang Pemanfaatan Sumber Energi Terbarukan Untuk Penyediaan Tenaga Listrik (selanjutnya disebut Permen ESDM 50/2017) sebagaimana diubah Peraturan Menteri Energi dan Sumber Daya mineral Nomor 53 Tahun 2018 tentang Perubahan Atas Peraturan Menteri Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral Nomor 50 Tahun 2017 tentang Pemanfaatan Sumber Energi Terbarukan untuk Penyediaan Tenaga Listrik (Permen ESDM 53/2018) yang masih mengalami kendala dalam implementasinya. Beberapa persoalan tersebut diantaranya adalah bagaimana tata kelola EBT di Indonesia, faktor penyebab pertumbuhan pengelolaan EBT yang belum optimal, kebijakan peraturan perundang-undangan terkait EBT di sektor ketenagalistrikan yang perlu dievaluasi. Kajian ini menggunakanpendekatan deskriptif analitis dengan menggunakan metode yuridis normatif yaitu menganalisas norma hukum yang terdapat dalam peraturan perundang-undangan dan implementasinya di lapangan. Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa saat ini perkembangan EBT di Indonesia masih menghadapi banyak tantangan yang tercermin dari lambatnya pertumbuhan kontribusi EBT terhadap pasokan energi nasional. Faktor lambannya pertumbuhan EBT disebabkan beberapa hal antara lain Permen 50/2017 mengalami banyak kendala dalam implementasinya, baik dari sisi pembiayaan, kepastian hukum, teknologi dan keadilan.
POLITIK HUKUM PENGAMPUNAN PAJAK DALAM PERSPEKTIF LAW AND DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Akmaluddin Rachim
Published: September 2020

Tujuan dari penelitian ini ada dua. Pertama, untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis politik hukum pengampunan pajak dalam perspektif Law and Development. Kedua, untuk mengetahui seharusnya politik hukum pengampunan pajak dalam perspektif Law and Development pada masa akan datang. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian hukum normatif-empiris. Cara dan alat pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi kepustakaan dan studi lapangan. Data yang terkumpul dianalisis menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini ialah politik hukum pengampunan pajak kaitannya dengan perspektif Law and Development, masih belum optimal dengan meninjau hasil capaian kebijakan pengampunan pajak. Aspek parameter disiplin maupun mekanisme dampak peraturan, politik hukum pengampunan pajak cenderung mengesampingkan kaidah pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan yang benar. Politik hukum pengampunan pajak jika dikaitkan dengan perspektif Law and Development pada masa akan datang seyogianya pemangku kebijakan melakukan perencanaan terlebih dahulu, menyusun desain kebijakan dengan baik, serta menyiapkan infrastruktur yang dibutuhkan. Oleh sebab itu, politik hukum pengampunan pajak ke depannya harus memiliki desain peraturan yang komprehensif, antisipasi kebijakan yang sejalan dengan tujuan pembangunan, kemampuan kebijakan dalam beradaptasi terhadap kondisi sosial, politik, dan ekonomi, serta adanya aturan main kelembagaan yang baik sehingga memiliki tujuan prioritas yang akan dicapai.
An Empirical Validation of Estimation Model (OptimLUM) for Energy Efficient Luminaire Layout Design in Offices
Authors: Uygun İlknur Erlalelitepe , Kazanasmaz Tuğçe , Kale Serdar
Published: September 2020

This study performed with the purpose of constructing and validating a model named OptimLUM (Optimizing Luminaire Layouts) to estimate the most accurate location, number and type of artificial light sources according to average illuminance and maximum uniformity in an office. OptimLUM is appling through Excel Spreadsheet to develop the model and uses Evolver, which is basing on genetic algorithm to implement optimization routine. To validate the reliability of the proposed model, luminaire layout scenairos generated for two types of luminaires after taking illuminance measurements in an actual office. OptimLUM illuminance values were comparing statistically with measurement and DIALux results to test the applicability of the model. The model performance is highly accurate in determining luminaire positions: coefficient of determination R2 and coefficient of variation CV were equal to (86–99)% and to (0.04–0.12) respectively, and for all scenarios. Its outputs are closer to the actual measurements when compared with DIALux outputs.
The Impact of Light Polarisation on Light Field of Scenes with Multiple Reflections
Authors: Budak Vladimir P. , Grimaylo Anton V.
Published: September 2020

The article describes the role of polarisation in calculation of multiple reflections. A mathematical model of multiple reflections based on the Stokes vector for beam description and Mueller matrices for description of surface properties is presented. On the basis of this model, the global illumination equation is generalised for the polarisation case and is resolved into volume integration. This allows us to obtain an expression for the Monte Carlo method local estimates and to use them for evaluation of light distribution in the scene with consideration of polarisation. The obtained mathematical model was implemented in the software environment using the example of a scene with its surfaces having both diffuse and regular components of reflection. The results presented in the article show that the calculation difference may reach 30 % when polarisation is taken into consideration as compared to standard modelling.
Uncertainty of Daylighting Performance of Manual Solar Shades and its Influence on Lighting Energy
Authors: Yao Jian , Chen LiYi , Jin Wu
Published: September 2020

Occupant behaviour significantly influences building energy consumption. This paper is devoted to studies the uncertainty of daylighting performance and lighting energy of manual solar shades on the south facade. A developed stochastic model for manual solar shades was used for co-simulation by BCVTB. Results show that uncertainty of shade action was not suppressed by the shade behaviour model with very weak relationship between different simulation outputs. Uncertainty of daylighting performance is 15.08 % while lighting energy uncertainty is 10.38 %. Although this level of energy uncertainty is not very significant, it influences economic analysis of manual solar shades and therefore, occupant related uncertainty should be taken into consideration when predicting energy performance of manual shades.
Determination of Energy Consumption According to Wireless Network Topologies in Grid-Free Lighting Systems
Authors: Çıbuk Musa , Sait Cengiz Mehmet
Published: September 2020

While Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are used in various areas nowadays, they also come in front of us in the remote follow up and management of especially main street, road and city lighting systems and in autonomous applications relating with them.
This study has been conducted with the aim to determine the energy consumed by Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) based monitoring and management systems as per topological sequence of lighting systems with renewable energy sources (RES) in a grid-free environment. In this way it was aimed to maximize the life time of WSN which are formed by minimum energy consumption of lighting elements that store energy with accumulator-battery in grid-free RES lighting systems and which use this energy later on. Physical installation of lighting systems having different topological distributions will show differences with respect to costs, labour force and time. Starting from here on, different topologies for grid-free lighting systems have been created in simulation environment and they have been analyzed and an optimal solution has been searched for. Energy consumptions of each lighting system having linear, random and tree lighting topology have been determined during data exchange. For each topology lighting systems with 25, 50, 100 and 200 armatures have been designed and their energy consumptions for data exchange have been found. It has been seen that data packages were influenced at first degree from node hopping numbers within topology and as being parallel to this, it has been seen that topology consuming most energy was linear lighting and that topology consuming minimum energy was tree lighting.
Changes in Irradiance and Illuminance on Earth Surface during 11-Year Solar Activity Cycle
Authors: Leonidov Alexander V.
Published: September 2020

The article formulates the analytic expression approximating the sequence of Gregorian 11-year solar cycles and the expression of solar activity within one cycle. The dependences of effective thermodynamic temperature of the Sun photosphere and the solar constant, and the solar illuminance constant at the upper border of Earth atmosphere on the year number within one solar cycle were obtained. The generalised analytic expression for integral transmittance of atmosphere (within its spectral window) on the Earth surface for the direct and diffuse components of solar radiation and their sums at different solar altitude angles is presented. The analytic expressions of dependences of irradiance and illuminance on the Earth surface within spectral window of atmosphere and within the visible region of solar radiation spectrum on the year number within a certain solar cycle at different solar altitude angles are obtained. The results of calculation of direct and diffuse components of irradiance and illuminance and their sums in the case of clear sky are presented for example. The proposed approach allows similar calculations to conduct for different types of sky cover.
Analysis and Strategies for Zonal Lighting Design of Konya Mevlana Museum and Mevlana Culture Centre Axis.
Authors: Tereci Aysegul , Ozata Ozge
Published: September 2020

In order to make the cities more liveable at night and to reflect the promised value of the city during the night, zone lighting should be considered rather than single building lighting. Zone lighting design prevents light pollution and provides a more comfortable perception of the desired elements in the city skyline. In this context, the factors affecting zonal lighting design were specified by literature study and stages of such design were determined. The axis of Mevlana – Mevlana Culture Centre, given the tourism potential at night in Konya, which is considered the capital of religious tourism in Turkey, was chosen as a study area and a lighting design proposal was prepared for this zone. According to plans, holistic zone lighting simulation models were created and the city skyline formed by illuminance at night was overviewed.
The Simple Way to Upgrade the Daylight Standard for Tropical Vietnam
Authors: Nguyen Phuong Thi Khanh , Solovyov Alexei K. , Nguyen Hoa Thi
Published: September 2020

Climate change and the environmental pollution during the building operation in the last years cause of the reconsideration of exits standards/guidelines in buildings. Recent studies show the nonconformity of these guiding documents, which do not fully consider the climate of the regions when building the recommendations. As a result of this lack, the building operation does not reach the energy efficiency together with the thermal and visual comfort.

This paper proposes a simple method to recalibrate the daylight standard with the Daylight Factor criteria for Vietnam based on analysis of the daylight climate potential of the location and the requirement of daylight usage on the relative time and space. This bio-climatic approach refers to the design of buildings in the consideration of local climate aimed at providing thermal and visual comfort with the rational use of solar energy and other environmental sources. The result of this study helps to improve the current standardized methods of day lighting evaluation in Vietnam with a modern approach. In order to conduct a meaningful comparison between different climate regions, an analysis of two input climate data for tropical Hanoi (Vietnam) and temperate Moscow (Russia) was considered.
About Effect of LED Lighting and its Dynamics on Visual Functions and Overall State of a Spectator
Authors: Skorik Yulia A.
Published: September 2020

Constant development of LED light sources (LS) and lighting control systems establish a potential for development of brand new lighting installations (LI) which allow us to increase efficiency of human performance for both short periods of time and for the entire active period of life. For massive development of such LIs, it is necessary to have a methodology for evaluating their efficiency. Such methodology has been developed and tested and has prospects of development requiring constant collection and consideration of new information. In view of this, the article describes experimental evaluations of parameters of visual functions and psycho-emotional and physiological states of spectators in static and dynamic lighting by LED LSs.
Lighting Public Spaces: New Trends and Future Evolutions
Authors: Narboni Roger
Published: September 2020

The article is devoted to the history and prospects of the development of outdoor lighting in public spaces with new opportunities of rapidly developing lighting technologies and trends in architecture and architectural lighting, taking into account environmental problems.