bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relocating the Capital City of Indonesia: A Maqāṣid-Based Critical Evaluation
Authors: Asmuni Asmuni , Farida Ulfa Jamilatul
Published: October 2024

This article aims to critically evaluate the relocation of the capital city of Indonesia based on the principles of al-maqāṣid (the objectives of Islamic law), as outlined in the existing legislation. The relocation of a capital city has historical precedence in Islamic tradition, with its primary justification being the fulfillment of the public good (maslahah). Through a normative legal study, this research reveals that the objective of relocating national capital is fundamentally a secondary need (ḥājiyyāt) rather than a primary necessity (ḍarūriyyāt) for the Indonesian populace. This classification indicates that the process of developing new national capital may face significant challenges in the future, as it does not address an essential or urgent need, but rather a secondary one. Consequently, the potential for encountering serious issues during the development and implementation phases of new capital is high, warranting a careful and well-considered approach to avoid future complications.
Humanitarian Aid from the Islamic Mass Organizations in Indonesia to Palestine
Authors: Andriansyah Yuli
Published: October 2024

The editorial in this issue highlights how humanitarian aid to Palestine has become a symbol of solidarity among Indonesians. It examines two major Islamic mass organizations in Indonesia, Nahdhatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah, and how they mobilize their resources and members to support Palestinian relief. The two organizations show a strong commitment to supporting the Palestinian cause before the current war on Gaza, which started in October 2023. This commitment to helping the Palestinian struggle is also in line with the position of the Indonesian government and academics.
Review of Meta-heuristics Methods for Machine Learning With Graph Neural Network
Authors: Maldini Andrea
Published: October 2024

In this paper, we review metaheuristic optimization techniques for machine learning with Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), focusing on two major categories: single-solution-based and population-based metaheuristics. We provide an in-depth analysis of Genetic Algorithms (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), highlighting their effectiveness in optimizing GNN hyperparameters. By exploring the strengths and weaknesses of these methods, we aim to provide insights into their application and performance in enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of GNN models. We will also review the similarities of supervised learning and metaheuristic solutions.
Colonial Legacy and Economic Persistence in the Americas
Authors: Montgomery Richard Murdoch
Published: October 2024

This article explores the enduring influence of colonial legacies on the economic development of the Americas, tracing their historical roots and contemporary repercussions. By examining a comprehensive range of historical and modern research, the article analyzes how colonial institutions, policies, and labour systems have profoundly shaped the economic trajectories of countries across the region. Central to the discussion is the lasting impact of colonial-era practices, such as the mining mita in Peru, and how factor endowments have influenced inequality and development patterns. The article further investigates the broader implications of these findings for understanding the deep-seated origins of economic disparities and the formidable challenge of overcoming colonial legacies in the present day. Special attention is given to the role of inclusive institutions, regional cooperation, and the intersection of culture and identity in fostering more equitable economic and social progress. Through this analysis, the article provides valuable insights into the historical foundations of contemporary economic imbalances and offers policy recommendations for addressing these persistent legacies.
Leaf Vein Analysis of Different Plant Species Using Multifractal Analysis
Authors: Suzuki Yuya , Mizukami Yuka , Bao Yue
Published: October 2024

Understanding plant species and community status is the most fundamental step in assessing biodiversity and considering environmental conservation, and these depend on the identification of plant species. Plant identification is usually done manually using botanical illustrations, but due to the diversity of plant species, identifying a single species from among many candidates listed in illustrated books is a labor-intensive and time-consuming task, even for experts. Against this background, systems for automatic plant species recognition are in demand by experts and amateurs alike. In this study, we proposed a method for automatic plant identification by applying multifractal analysis to images of leaf veins, including veinlets. In the experiment, we conducted two experiments: one to see if there is a change in the number of dimensions depending on the degree of leaf growth, and the other to see how the number of dimensions changes depending on the taxonomic group. As a result, there was almost no change depending on the degree of growth, and the number of dimensions varied depending on the taxonomic group, suggesting that different taxonomic groups can be classified into different taxonomic groups, suggesting that multifractal analysis can be applied to leaf vein images, including veinlets, to enable automatic plant identification.
Assessment of Attitudes towards Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccination: Internet Survey Results on Awareness and Acceptance among Pregnant Women in Poland
Authors: Strózik Mateusz , Wiciak Hanna , Socha Maciej W. , Smereka Jacek , Fuchs Tomasz
Published: October 2024

Background/Objectives: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of severe lower res-piratory tract infections in infants, particularly in vulnerable populations such as preterm new-borns and those with underlying health conditions. The approval of the RSVpreF vaccine for pregnant individuals offers a new strategy to reduce the burden of RSV-associated illness in newborns. The aim of this study was to assess RSV vaccination coverage among pregnant wom-en, identify factors contributing to vaccination hesitancy, and evaluate the knowledge of the bene-fits of vaccination among patients in Poland. Methods: The study was conducted on 668 re-spondents from Poland. The study utilized an original, anonymous questionnaire consisting of 23 questions, which was distributed via social media platforms from July 25 to August 1, 2024. Par-ticipants, including women who had recently given birth or were about to, were recruited through Facebook groups and Instagram. Results: We confirmed that responders with medical back-grounds had statistically greater knowledge about RSV than non-medical individuals. Addi-tionally, indivudals with medical medical backgrounds were more likely to receive the RSV vac-cination during pregnancy, as were patients who obtained vaccination information directly from their physician. Furthermore, a key finding was that patients who had previously received vac-cinations for other diseases, such as influenza and pertussis, were more likely to opt for RSV vac-cination. Conclusions: Vaccination against RSV during pregnancy is a crucial method for safe-guarding newborns from infection and its severe complications. Awareness of RSV and vaccina-tion rates among pregnant women remains low, necessitating educational initiatives and public health campaigns to improve coverage.
Adaptive Cruise Control based Motor Acceleration Control using Fuzzy Logic Methods
Authors: Yusuf Putra Maulana , Hariyono Joko , Saputro Joko Slamet , Ramelan Agus , Adriyanto Feri , Anwar Miftahul
Published: October 2024

The paper presents a method for adaptive cruise control based motor acceleration control. On the long-distance driving, using vehicles that have a risk for accidents. One of these accidents is collisions between vehicles in front of them which can cause multiple collisions. With the help of the ACC feature, it can reduce the occurrence of these accidents which are caused by the driver's fatigue and weather conditions on long-distance trips. By using the Fuzzy adaptive cruise control system, it is successful in adjusting the acceleration set on the fuzzy system, and with the help of the GUI it can make it easier for the operator to set the appropriate acceleration.
Adaptive System for Streetlights in the Shopping Center Area of Purwakarta Region using Fuzzy Logic Method
Authors: Hadi Putri Dewi Indriati , Pratama Hafiyyan Putra , Venica Liptia , Merdeka Vormes Gema , Kautsar Makna A'raaf
Published: October 2024

Streetlight systems generally use time condition as the parameter, which set the lights to be always on during specified period. This way, the system has flaws in its inefficiency and ineffectiveness. The system designed in this research considers the intensity of surrounding lights and passing pedestrians as the parameters, and fuzzy logic to get fuzzier output of the luminosity level for the streetlight. From the results of testing and analysis, it can be concluded that the design in this research has been successfully built as the results obtained are in accordance with the previously set fuzzy logic universe of discourse. By implementing an adaptive street lighting system in this study can help streamline light energy, because the street lighting lights can adjust themselves depending on the presence or absence of pedestrians passing by using a PIR sensor and the level of light brightness in that place using an LDR sensor.
Una aproximación a la Jurisdicción efectiva en materia indígena
Authors: Vásquez Tobón Mariela Morlacco
Published: October 2024

Desafortunadamente las personas provenientes de pueblos indígenas siguen siendo víctimas en mayor o menor grado, pues el irrespeto a sus culturas, lenguas y cosmovisión los pone en un plano de desventaja; así, la administración de justicia en el caso de las personas indígenas se torna una problemática persistente, pues actualmente enfrentan el sistema de justicia en condiciones desfavorables por la poca o nula participación en los procesos judiciales por el desconocimiento de la lengua castellana, la falta de defensores que conozcan sobre culturas indígenas, la carencia de traductores, intérpretes, peritajes antropológicos y la poca sensibilización en los operadores del Poder Judicial en materia indígena.
Aurora Reyes
Authors: Franco Deándar Gisela Iliana
Published: October 2024

A la pintora y poeta Aurora Reyes —igual que a nosotras—, la marcó el desierto chihuahuense. La luz brillante de sus “Estancias en el desierto” abre nuestros ojos y nos muestra a una mujer entera, fuerte, inconforme, que a muy temprana edad aprendió a rugir contra las injusticias y por eso la llamaban “la Cachorra”. Nieta de Bernardo Reyes, las circunstancias la orillaron desde muy chica a defenderse en la Ciudad de México. Su rebeldía crecía como el pan que su madre preparaba y que salía a vender todas las mañanas para poder sobrevivir.
La banda de música de San Isidro
Authors: Orozco Víctor
Published: October 2024

Los personajes que aparecen en la imagen que presentamos, eran los hermanos González: Fidel, Joaquín, Jesús Antonio, José y el quinto cuyo nombre ignoramos. Integraban la banda o “música” de San Isidro, Municipio de Guerrero, Chihuahua, antes de 1910. Excepto Fidel, el primero, de izquierda a derecha, murieron en la batalla de Cerro Prieto librada el 11 de diciembre de ese año, junto con otros veinticinco jóvenes más, del mismo pueblo, donde protagonizaron el primer alzamiento armado de la Revolución, apenas tres semanas antes.
¡La imaginación al poder!
Authors: Hernández Norzagaray Ernesto
Published: October 2024

Jean-Paul Sartre, el filósofo más influyente en el movimiento estudiantil francés de 1968, fue quien acuñó, desde el existencialismo, esta frase romántica que marcaría a toda una generación de rebeldes de todo el mundo, sólo comparable con aquella otra que rezaba provocadora: “Seamos realistas, pidamos lo imposible”, atribuida al filósofo alemán Herbert Marcuse a quien Gustavo Díaz Ordaz acusó en uno de sus tantos exabruptos de ser el ideólogo de la revuelta estudiantil mexicana —y es que Marcuse, en su libro Contrarrevolución y Revuelta, sostenía que ante el aburguesamiento de la clase obrera en los países industrializados, la energía revolucionaria se había desplazado hacia los estudiantes, los movimientos tercermundistas y las minorías raciales (pensaba en movimientos del tipo de los Black Panthers influido quizá por su discípula más mediática: la legendaria Angela Davis).
Las huelgas estudiantiles de 1968 y de la Escuela ̈HermanosEscobar ̈ en1967
Authors: Varga Valdés Jesús
Published: October 2024

La Escuela de Agricultura Hermanos Escobar se fundó en 1906. El gobernador del estado Enrique Creel asistió a la inauguración en Ciudad Juárez y en los anales de su gobierno se contempló como uno de los grandes logros. Durante más de medio siglo esta escuela se distinguió como una de las instituciones privadas de más prestigio en el campo de la agricultura. En sus aulas se prepararon cientos de estudiantes originarios de todo el país. Los hermanos Numa y Jesús Escobar no se limitaron a enseñar en las aulas, también incursionaron con éxito en la publicación sistemática de revistas, libros, folletos y fueron autores de una gran enciclopedia de agricultura que se difundió en muchas partes del mundo. Mientras ellos estuvieron a cargo no hubo problemas de gravedad, la escuela sostuvo el nivel académico y la concordia; sin embargo, al fallecer los hermanos fundadores, empezaron a surgir dificultades.
Cuatro viñetas del 68
Authors: Orozco Víctor
Published: October 2024

La marcha de la libertad El 5 de febrero de 1968, se organizó la Mar- cha de la Libertad por los presos políticos, que reunió a unos 800 estudiantes de toda la República para caminar desde Dolores Hidalgo hasta Morelia, siguiendo la ruta de la Independencia. De la Universidad de Chihuahua asistimos Carlos Pallán, Carlos Sánchez Magaña, Gustavo de la Rosa, Estebané (un muchacho altísimo de Cuauhtémoc, flaco como carrizo) y yo. Caminamos un día completo y al siguiente, cerca de Valle de Santiago, Gto., donde habíamos pasado la noche con un frío de los mil demonios, nos alcanzó una larga fila de autobuses. Hicieron alto y se bajaron cientos de soldados, que nos rodearon y nos fueron empujando hasta formar un círculo...
El negro puro
Authors: Trinidad Valtierra Gonzalo
Published: October 2024

En las cercanías de lo que fuera el Beach Hotel, ahora una explanada, con un kiosko de periódi­ cos en el centro, se doraba bajo el sol de agosto. El calor del Golfo de México dejó las calles vacías. Cuando Quincy y James se detuvieron en el kios- ko a comprar el Sunset, en su edición sabatina, la nueva explanada estaba desierta. Ni las palomas buscaban restos de comida, ni los perros husmea­ ban por ahí, como era su costumbre... (fragmento)
Caminar fronterizo con Juan Gabriel
Authors: Vázquez Martínez Gustavo Adolfo
Published: October 2024

El objetivo de este texto, desde la mirada y conceptos de la geografía cultural, es caminar en un sentido figurado con Alberto Aguilera Valadez, mejor conocido como Juan Gabriel, quien nos acerca a los aspectos identitarios más característicos de la frontera norte de México a través de sus letras.
Y que llega el diablo a Juaritos:
Authors: Lizárraga Bustamante Gilberto Martín
Published: October 2024

En este escrito se aborda al Heavy Metal como un género musical que ha sido y sigue siendo diabolizado. Gestado a finales de los 70 y potenciado en los 80, se trata de un fenómeno nacional pero especialmente transfronterizo en Ciudad Juárez-El Paso, como punto geográfico de particular interes para la conformación de lo que podemos llamar una Tribu Alquímica Transfronteriza y además trangeneracional, que igualmente ha sido diabolizada y estigmatizada por una sociedad "conservadora" inmersa dentro de la lógica y la modernidad capitalista. Se aborda como la presencia del "diablo" en Juaritos y de sus orígenes e identidad enredosos que dieron lugar a una identidad, a una tribu estigmatizada, al metalero de sangre aunque no lo aparente, al metalero molesto que no es violento pero que "golpea sin golpear" con su sola presencia.
La acción pública en el Plan Estratégico de Juárez:
Authors: Lima de Sena Guilherme
Published: October 2024

El Plan Estratégico de Juárez (PEJ) es una organización ciudadana que actúa desde 1999 para promover y defender el derecho a la participación ciudadana en Ciudad Juárez.[1] Dentro de las actividades que realiza el PEJ la promoción de la participación ciudadana es sustancial, ya que promueve capacitaciones y talleres dirigidos a diversas colonias para fortalecer la voz de la comunidad en la toma de decisiones locales, especialmente a través del presupuesto participativo.
Tres preguntas y una anotación final sobre la praxis
Authors: Hernández González Fernando
Published: October 2024

Se trata de una reseña sobre el libro publicado en 2022 con el título de Razón Práctica. Meditaciones Gadamerianas , autora: Ruth Aguilar Padilla. Se presenta el objetivo general del libro: proponer la hermenéutica gadameriana como un nuevo marco epistemológico de las Ciencias Sociales y, en particular, de la Sociología. En arreglo a ello, explico la reconstrucción del marco epistemológico de la Sociología que hace la autora, señalando la vinculación con el sentido de objetividad científica surgida del pensamiento ilustrado, aunque también indicando la necesidad de complementar esta reconstrucción en la perspectiva del desplazamiento Kant-Hegel y en la perspectiva de una secularización basada en la formalización esquemática. Luego nos referimos a las consideraciones y condiciones que se toman en cuenta en el libro para la re-conexión del saber científico social con la pre-comprensión y la praxis, a través de la hermenéutica gadameriana. Al final nos preguntamos, en función a la lectura que hemos realizado, si en un mundo en el que la técnica, burocratización y digitalización todavía puede ser viable y aplicable el sentido hermenéutico de la precomprensión y su praxis.
Reflexiones de una septuagenaria
Authors: Carrillo Moreno Laura
Published: October 2024

A manera de presentación, nací en 1950, a la mitad del siglo XX. Esta circunstancia me ha favorecido para poder aquilatar y reconocer las diferencias y semejanzas entre ambas épocas y cómo este tránsito ha marcado mi propio rumbo. Trataré de poner ante ustedes los sucesos que influyeron en mi vida y la ligaron a la política, partidaria o política a secas.
Reflexiones sobre la ética y la era digital
Authors: Fernández Martínez Luis Felipe
Published: October 2024

El motivo de estas reflexiones es un curso-taller “Ética en la era Digital”, impartido por Mabel Bellocchio. La intención del curso fue fomentar en los asistentes el reconocimiento y la aplicación de principios éticos en el contexto digital, lo que incluye, redes sociales, herramientas tecnológicas y evidentemente la inteligencia artificial.
Revaloración del dialecto pachuco frente al purismo centralista:
Authors: Botello Mares Adrián
Published: October 2024

El presente artículo trata de mostrar el carácter singular del lenguaje pachuco, tomando como base un ejercicio breve de revaloración de ese lenguaje, por medio de una traducción de una carta escrita por Tin Tan. El texto hace un análisis del aporte loingüistico y cultural producido desde la interacción fronteriza entre Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua y El Paso, Texas.
Endolysosomal processing of neuron-derived signaling lipids regulates autophagy and lipid droplet degradation in astrocytes
Authors: Bhupana Jagannatham , Pabon Angelid , Leung Ho Hang , Rajmohamed Mohamed , Kim Sang Hoon , Tong Yan , Jang Mi-Hyeon , Wong Ching-On
Published: October 2024

Astrocytes support brain metabolism by processing, storing, and appropriating metabolites. Dynamic regulation of metabolic activities in astrocytes is critical to meeting the demands of other brain cells. During neuronal stress, lipid metabolites are transferred from neurons to astrocytes, where they are stored in lipid droplets (LDs). However, it is not clear whether and how neuron-derived lipids trigger metabolic adaptation in astrocytes. Here, we uncover an endolysosomal function that mediates a neuron-astrocyte transcellular lipid signaling paradigm. We identify Tweety homolog 1 (TTYH1) as an astrocyte-enriched transmembrane protein localized to endolysosomes, where it facilitates autophagic flux and lipid droplet (LD) degradation. Astrocyte-specific deletion of Ttyh1 in mice and loss of TTYH1 ortholog in Drosophila lead to brain accumulation of neutral lipids. Computational and experimental evidence suggests that TTYH1 mediates endolysosomal clearance of ceramide 1-phosphate (C1P), a sphingolipid that dampens autophagic flux and LD breakdown in mouse and human astrocytes. We found that the inflammatory cytokine IL-1β induces neuronal upregulation of C1P biosynthesis. Concurrently, lipids secreted by neurons cause autophagic flux impairment and LD accumulation in astrocytes. Whereas TTYH1 deficiency in astrocytes exacerbates the catabolic blockage, inhibiting C1P synthesis in neurons restores autophagic flux and normalizes LD contents in astrocytes. Thus, astrocytes rely on the endolysosomal function of TTYH1 to mitigate the metabolic effects of neuron-derived lipids. Taken together, our findings reveal a neuron-initiated signaling paradigm that culminates in the regulation of catabolic activities in astrocytes.
Theta Burst Stimulation alters some but not all critical phenomena in the brain
Authors: DallaVecchia Alessandra , Bierling Tasha , Kolodny Liberty , Hopkins Amber , Iacoboni Marco , Monti Martin
Published: October 2024

The brain has been proposed to operate near criticality during wakefulness. The proximity of the system to this critical point, however, can fluctuate during cognitive task and in different neurological disorders (e.g., schizophrenia, depression), reflecting a possible tuning of the system to emphasize certain phenomena (e.g., stability). To more directly explore how criticality affects cognitive processes, neurostimulatory methods are ideal for manipulating cortical dynamics both locally and globally. In this study, we use theta burst stimulation (TBS) to induce changes in phenomena associated with criticality and see if the resting brain can be effectively “pushed” away from the critical state using just neurostimulation. To test resting state dynamics before and after TBS, we record both eyes-open resting state and TMS-evoked responses before and at three time-points post stimulation. We find evidence that TBS affects only one of five measures of criticality. Specifically, cTBS induces an increase in long range temporal correlations in the alpha and delta bands while iTBS induces a slight decrease in the alpha band. Our findings suggest that, like task, TBS modulates some critical phenomena but not others, and underscores the potential of TBS as a tool to directly manipulate criticality in the brain.
Spatiotemporal Pattern Evolution of Electrical Carbon Emissions from Demand-Side Perspective in Urban Regions during the Summer period
Authors: Tian Ying , Cao Hui , Yan Dapeng , Chen Jinmei , Hua Yayan
Published: October 2024

This study portrays the pattern of differential spatial and temporal evolution of electrical carbon emissions from the demand side, based on the data of approximately 3,000 distribution network transformer units in the studied cities under increasingly challenging environmental conditions. The approach integrates both temporal and spatial analysis to uncover dynamic patterns from a demand-side perspective of distributed network. Temporal analysis examines variations in electrical carbon emissions at monthly, daily, and hourly intervals, providing a detailed view of emission trends over time. Spatial analysis explores whether the electrical carbon emission patterns are spatio-temporally correlated by using correlation techniques. On this basis the spatial evolution is then explored by employing the standard deviation ellipse method. Additionally, the logarithmic mean divisia index analysis is applied to quantify the impact of various factors on electrical carbon emissions. Findings reveal significant temporal and spatial correlations in urban electrical carbon emissions covering the period from May to September 2018. The spatial analysis indicates a southwest-to-northeast trajectory in the movement of the ellipse's center of gravity over time, with higher emissions concentrated in the central district and lower levels in peripheral areas. Key driving factors influencing electrical carbon emissions include average temperature, finance and taxation, values of industrial production and commercial consumption. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of the spatiotemporal dynamics of electrical carbon emissions.
Unspoken obligations: Perspectives on Post-Trial Responsibilities from a Tanzanian Research Ethics Committee and Researchers
Authors: Mwangi Rose , Mtweve Sabina , Mmbaga Blandina T. , Manongi Rachel
Published: October 2024

Introduction: In the evolving landscape of medical research, ethical considerations extend beyond the duration of clinical trials, particularly concerning the post-trial care of participants. This study explores the perceived responsibilities of researchers and Research Ethics Committees (RECs), in ensuring participants’ well being after trials conclude.
Guided by ethical frameworks such as the Belmont Report and the Declaration of Helsinki, the research highlights the imperative to provide continued access to beneficial interventions, especially in resource-poor settings.
Methods: This qualitative phenomenographic case study, involved two primary data collection methods: Focus group discussions (FGD) and in-depth interviews. The FGD involved of REC members from three institutions with extensive experience in of externally funded clinical research in collaboration with international partners: (Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre [KCMC], Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute [KCRI] and Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College [KCMUCO]. Additionally, in-depth interviews were conducted with researchers from these institutions. REC members and were eligible to participate in the FGD while researchers were selected purposively based on the principle of saturation. The interviews and FGD were transcribed and translated into English. NVIVO 12 software was used for data management and analysis, including familiarization with data, coding and theme identification.
Results: The analysis revealed key themes related to post-trial responsibilities, including challenges in implementing ethical principles and ensuring continued participant care. Significant gaps and inconsistencies in post-trial support, particularly in low resource settings were identified.
Conclusion: The findings highlight the urgent need to re-evaluate and improve post-trial participant care within clinical research. The study advocates for the development of strong support mechanisms, equitable distribution of research benefits, and enhanced ethical oversight to uphold participants' rights and welfare. These insights contribute to advancing bioethics and promoting a research environment that prioritizes ethical considerations and participant well-being.
Another Caution for Difference-in-Differences: Expected Gains
Authors: Dowd Bryan , Garrido Melissa
Published: October 2024

Many interventions are based on voluntary participation in the treatment group and difference-in-differences (DID) models frequently are used to estimate the effect of the treatment on treatment group versus the untreated control group. Expected gains in the form of resolve or capacity to adhere to the intervention are likely to be unobserved by the analyst and affect outcomes only after the subject learns the actual content of the intervention effect. When an omitted variable is both time-varying and subject-varying, it will not be undetectable by all the usual DID specification tests, including tests of the parallel trends assumption, and will not be corrected by the standard two-way fixed effect model. Both the internal and external validity of estimated treatment effect can be threatened, whether the estimates are biased from a policy standpoint depends on how the intervention will be expanded if it proves to be successful. When the analyst suspects that unobserved expected gains are a source of bias in a DID model, there are a number of appropriate econometric methods available that double as specification tests. We provide a simulation example to show how the problem arises, and how it can be addressed.
Precision Diagnosis of Burn Injuries: Clinical Implications of Imaging and Predictive Modeling
Authors: Rangaiah Pramod K. B. , kumar B P Pradeep , Huss Fredrik , Augustine Robin
Published: October 2024

This study introduces a novel methodology for burn analysis, leveraging dynamic contrast enhancement in RGB burn images. The proposed approach integrates three pivotal techniques: Adaptive Complex Independent Components Analysis (ACICA) for automated color correction, Reference Region (RR) for precise region identification, and sophisticated modeling for pixel-level classification. Our system aims to accurately and efficiently diagnose burn depth and area, facilitating personalized treatment from the initial stages. Our method ensures precise burn profile estimation by incorporating non-invasive burn-depth analysis, burn area detection, and a deep learning network trained on clinical trials. The deep neural network classifies burns such as superficial burns, superficial-dermal burns, deep-dermal burns, and full-thickness burns, corresponding to distinct levels of tissue damage. This comprehensive classification, coupled with total body surface area (TBSA) calculation and precise segmentation, allows for an in-depth evaluation of burn severity, enhancing reliability and accuracy in burn injury categorization.Through robust quantitative assessment using various statistical parameters, our approach demonstrates significant improvements in image contrast and diagnostic precision. Extensive experimentation on a dataset comprising DCE-LUV samples validates the effectiveness of our methodology, showcasing enhanced contrast and detailed texture analysis. Comparative performance evaluations reveal that the RNN model outperforms FNN and CNN models, achieving 96.7\% accuracy and F1-Score, with precision and recall rates of 97.0\%. The integration of ACICA and RR methods, combined with deep neural networks and advanced segmentation techniques, significantly advances burn analysis methodologies, offering clinicians a comprehensive and effective tool for timely and accurate evaluation and management of burn injuries. This study highlights the clinical implications of precise imaging, TBSA calculation, segmentation, and predictive modeling in diagnosing and treating burn injuries.
Simulation study on the response characteristics of rock joints to cyclic shear load under constant normal stiffness boundary
Authors: Luan Hengjie , Liu Ziyi , Zhang Sunhao , Jiang Yujing , Li Bo , Chen Hongbin , Wang Changsheng , Jiang Tianqi
Published: October 2024

Under cyclic loading, rock joints undergo continuous slipping and closure, resulting in fatigue damage to the joints and thereby affecting the stability of rock engineering projects. To investigate the fatigue shear characteristics of joints under cyclic stress, a series of laboratory shear tests were conducted. Subsequently, a numerical simulation of rough joints under cyclic shear stress, involving variations in normal stiffness, loading amplitudes, and loading frequencies, was performed using a cyclic shear loading method based on the FISH language. The results indicate that there is a hysteretic effect in the shear stress-shear displacement curves of joints. The hysteresis loop is initially small and densely distributed, expanding and becoming loosely distributed in the later stages of cyclic shear. During cyclic shear stress, the shear velocity of the joint fluctuates from positive to negative, with the maximum shear velocity changing more than 10 times before and after joint instability. As normal stiffness increases to the same shear displacement, more cracks develop in the joint. When the normal stiffness exceeds 3 GPa/m, a conspicuous failure zone is evident. Loading amplitude shows an inverse proportionality to the number of cycles required to achieve the target shear displacement. Loading frequency exhibits a linear proportionality to the number of cycles needed to reach the target shear displacement. The fatigue damage degree of joints during cyclic shear can be represented by two indices: FR value and D value. In this study, the critical D value for joints under all working conditions ranges from approximately 0.037 to 0.097, with the corresponding critical FR value ranging from about 0.700 to 0.822.
Inter- and intraspecific constraint of accessible chromatins maps regulatory loci involved in maize speciation and domestication
Authors: Shi Junpeng , Liu Yuting , Gao Xiang , Liu Hongjun , Yang Xuerong , Liu Xiao , Xu Fang , Zhu Yuzhi , Li Qingyun , Huang Liangliang , Yang Fang , Lai Jinsheng
Published: October 2024

Comparative genomic studies have the capability to find genes that are either under evolutionary constraint for organismal living or specialized for trait innovations. Meanwhile, there is a growing body of evidence suggesting that evolutionary constraint can also happen on non-coding regulatory sequences, exerting profound effects on fitness traits. However, the majority of these evidences originate from primate studies and has yet to be thoroughly explored in plants. In this study, we adopt assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) to profile the inter- and intraspecific constraint of over 80,000 maize accessible chromatin regions (ACRs). Our findings reveal that ACRs exhibit accelerated evolution over coding genes, resulting in approximately one-third of ACRs that specifically existed in maize lineage and exerting prominent transcriptional effects on genes associated with speciation. We highlight the role of transposable elements (TEs) in driving intraspecific innovation of ACRs, and uncover hundreds of candidate ACRs that likely involved in the transcriptional rewiring of genes during maize domestication. Furthermore, we demonstrate the importance of accessible chromatins in maintaining maize subgenome dominance and controlling complex trait variations. Our work establishes a new framework for analyzing the evolutionary trajectory of extensive plant regulatory sequences, and offers some candidate loci for downstream exploration and application during maize breeding.
Optimistic actor-critic reinforcement learning for control of spatially evolving flows
Authors: SAIBI Amine , MATHELIN Lionel , SEMERARO Onofrio
Published: October 2024

Flow control has attracted research for the positive outcomes in engineering systems applications and is finding renewed interest thanks to the rise of data-driven modeling and control algorithms. Interestingly, due to the nonlinearities and the strong convective nature leading to time delays, fluid systems can also serve as challenging test-bed for the further development of control algorithms; indeed, despite the huge potential, the limitations introduced by the plant represent a challenge and the inherent complexity of the dynamics at play requires appropriate strategies during the training process. In this contribution, we consider a reinforcement learning framework and introduce a well-suited actor-critic algorithm to tackle these challenges. The presented algorithm is i) data-parsimonious, ii) leverages optimistic order in the value iteration and iii) is equipped with policy improvement-based error bounds. These features allow a speed-up of the convergence and provide a theoretical-based stopping criterion. As test cases, we consider a linearized version of the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation and the control of instabilities in a two-dimensional boundary-layer flow developing over a flat plate, by introducing a minimal number of sensors and actuators. Concerning analogous works that appeared in literature, we show that keeping a rather classical plant is sufficient for guaranteeing adequate performance if the input-output dynamics as well as the observability properties are taken into account.
Practice and Attitudes of Nursing Staff to Bereavement Care for Pregnancy Loss: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Liu Siyu , Han Hongmei , Athurupana Rukmali , Qian Ying , Yang Titi , Nakatsuka Mikiya
Published: October 2024

Background
Despite its recognized significance, numerous obstacles hinder the implementation of bereavement care for pregnancy loss by nursing staff (including midwives and nurses). The availability and barriers to bereavement care in Japan are unclear. To assess the practices and attitudes of caregivers toward bereavement care for pregnancy loss, examine organizational support, and evaluate the burden on caregivers in delivering this care.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey conducted from January to April 2022 with 370 nursing staff from 43 Japanese maternity facilities assessed bereavement care necessity, implementation, staff support, and burden.
Results
Over 50% of nurses acknowledged bereavement care's importance, but a gap exists between its perceived necessity and execution, especially in post-discharge referrals (89.2% needed, 33.2% done), manuals provisions (74.6%, 25.7%), peer group introductions (73%, 17.8%), couple counselling (89.5%, 28.6%), husband support (91.4%, 40%), ongoing care (90.8%, 41.4%), and wish-based care planning (94.5%, 50.5%). Only 41.8% reported teamwork in bereavement care, with organizational support below 30%. Approximately 63.5% of nursing staff viewed bereavement care as a burden, with mental (80.4%) and time burdens (60%) being significant.
Conclusions
Despite bereavement care's necessity, there's a significant gap in joint couple counselling, targeted husband support, personalized and continuous care, and informative material provision. Organizational support deficiency and emotional burden pose major challenges for nursing staff in delivering bereavement care. Developing supportive policies, allocating necessary resources, and engaging with interdisciplinary support networks, all while ensuring staff well-being and continuous service improvement are crucial.
Characterization and Retrieval of Snow Grain Size in the Upper Himalayan Region Using Hyperspectral Prisma Data
Authors: Rawat Manish , Pandey Ashish , Das Dhananjay Paswan , Gupta Praveen Kumar
Published: October 2024

Rapid urbanization have significantly increased freshwater consumption, leading researchers to focus on accurately predicting snowmelt-derived streamflow using hydrological models. The glacierized basins of the Himalayan region are significantly vulnerable to climate change. The understanding of physical characterization of snow such as snow cover and snow grain size, remains challenging due to inaccessible terrains which creates hindrance for in-situ data collection. The hyperspectral remote sensing datasets are most promising for monitoring and retrieving the snow properties at the micro and macro levels. In this study, the PRISMA hyperspectral dataset was used for the retrieval of different snow grain sizes in the Bhilangana basin of the upper Himalayan region using the Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) classification method and the Snow Grain Index (SGI) method. The spectral reflectance of different types of glacier features was generated using the SAM classification technique on PRISMA hyperspectral imagery and validated from the USGS spectral library for mapping. The results demonstrated that there is good qualitative agreement observed between the class-wise grain size classes using the grain index and SAM method. Additionally, the overall accuracy of the SAM and the grain size index classification methods for retrieving the grain size of different classes was approximately 88% .The outcomes of the study discloses the competency of PRISMA data for snow grain size mapping over the Mountainous region. The estimated parameters could be applied to climatology, hydrology, and mountain hazard mapping over the Himalayan region. Detailed snow grain size mapping can enhance mountain hazard assessments, including the prediction and management of snow avalanches, thereby contributing to the safety and sustainability of mountainous areas in the Himalayan region.
Local Feature Enhancement for Robust 2D Multi-Person Pose Estimation via Posture Refinement Network
Authors: Tian Weili , Zhan Jin , Guan Zhaokang , Yi Chensheng , Lei Fangyuan , Liu Xiaoyong , Li Huihui , Zeng Yufeng
Published: October 2024

Accurate 2D multi-person pose estimation remains challenging due to issues such as occlusion, missing body parts, and low resolution, particularly in complex backgrounds. This paper proposes a novel posture refinement network that leverages local feature enhancement and fusion to address these limitations. The network employs HRNet as the backbone to extract multi-scale feature maps, introducing a Dilated Convolution Module (DCM) with cascaded dilated convolutions to enrich pose keypoints representations. Additionally, a Hybrid Self-Attention Module (HSM) integrates contextual information to further refine pose estimates. Extensive experiments on the MSCOCO and CrowdPose datasets demonstrate that our method outperforms comparable methods, particularly in estimating human end joint positions with greater accuracy and robustness. Our findings highlight the effectiveness of local feature enhancement in robust multi-person pose estimation. The code and models are available at https://github.com/Twl-GZ/Human-pose.
Wear Prediction and Chaos Identification of Rigid Flexible Coupling Multi-link Mechanisms with Clearance
Authors: Li Feng , Meng Kai , Jiang Shuai , Han Hu
Published: October 2024

Traditional revolute clearance joint assumes that the shape of contact surface of joint is regular and ignores the effect of wear, which reduces prediction accuracy of dynamics model. To accurately describe collision behavior of motion pair, Archard formula was applied to construct a wear clearance model. Based on absolute node coordinate method, multi-body dynamics modeling, wear prediction, and chaotic identification analysis methods for a flexible multi-link mechanism with clearance considering wear effect were proposed. The research results indicate that wear intensifies the irregularity of clearance surface contour, leading to an increase in instability of the dynamic response and a decrease in motion accuracy of mechanism. The existence of smaller clearance values and slower driving speeds can effectively reduce dynamic deviation of mechanisms, improve motion accuracy and stability of mechanism, and alleviate chaotic phenomenon of mechanism. The variation laws of wear depth with driving speed and clearance value, as well as wear prediction of the motion pair were analyzed and obtained.
Programmable bacteria act as live biotherapeutics to remodel tumor stroma and potentiate immunotherapy
Authors: Stylianopoulos Triantafyllos , Panagi Myrofora , Mpekris Fotios , Ramos Marcos Burger , Voutouri Chrysovalantis , Michael Christina , Pearce Oliver , de Sampaio Pedro Correa , Soulier Annelise
Published: October 2024

Immunotherapy has transformed cancer treatment but its efficacy is limited in many solid tumors in large part due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). TME might be composed of a dense/stiff extracellular matrix (ECM) that impedes infiltration of immune cells. To address this abnormality, Neobe Therapeutics developed an engineered live biotherapeutic in the form of programmable bacteria that offer advantages for delivering enzymes to remodel the ECM. Using engineered Escherichia coli to express and release hyaluronidase under a hypoxia-inducible promoter, the bacteria target hyaluronan within the TME. Our study demonstrates that hyaluronan degradation reduces tumor stiffness and restores vascular functionality in murine models of breast cancer. This potentiates immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy by facilitating immune cell infiltration and immunostimulation. Additionally, our findings suggest that the potency of antitumor responses depends on baseline stiffness levels and ECM composition, highlighting the potential of programmable bacteria to improve immunotherapy outcomes in drug resistant, solid tumors.
Annotated Bangla Natural Language Processing (BNLP) by using python or machine learning.
Authors: Biswas Maneesha Rani , Rabbi Md. Fajle
Published: October 2024

This paper offers a thorough method for creating and assessing Python-based Natural Language Processing (NLP) tools for Bengali language. The study and practice of natural language processing focuses on how computers may be programmed to recognize, comprehend, and manipulate natural language speech or text for practical purposes. The study entails a thorough process for developing and testing NLP tools for the Bangla language that are based on Python and Machine Learning. It centers on the ways in which computers may be taught to perform tasks like Named Entity Recognition, Tokenization, Part-of-Speech (POS) Tagging, and Sentiment Analysis in order to comprehend Bengali text. The study commences with the introduction of a thoroughly annotated corpus that forms the basis for these activities and is intended to encompass a broad spectrum of language situations and structures. The study hopes to encourage future research and development in Bangla NLP by making these tools and resources open-source, encouraging cooperation and creativity. This project aims to aid the larger NLP community by offering a strong basis for applications like machine translation and sentiment analysis on Bangla Language.
Oxygen vacancy-induced strengthening and toughening in (K,Na)NbO3-based piezoceramics revealed via nanoindentation
Authors: Guo Jinming , Zhang Zhidong , Yang Bin , Chen Longyu , Zhang Zaoli
Published: October 2024

Dislocations are emerging as a pivotal factor for tailoring the functional and mechanical properties of ceramics. The introduction of point defects, notably oxygen vacancies, is unavoidable during the conventional sintering process in polycrystalline ceramics. Understanding the interplay between dislocations and oxygen vacancies is necessary for its profound implications. In this work, an innovative approach is implemented to regulate the dislocation-based incipient plasticity and creep behavior in (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 (KNN)-based ceramics through oxygen vacancy engineering via CuO “hard” doping. Nanoindentation pop-in tests reveal that increasing oxygen vacancy concentrations significantly promotes the nucleation and activation of dislocations. Theoretical calculations based on Density Functional Theory further corroborate that oxygen vacancies contribute to a decrease in Peierls stress and total misfit energy, facilitating dislocation nucleation and activation. Nanoindentation hardness and creep behavior demonstrate oxygen vacancy impedes dislocation mobility due to solute strengthening and pinning effect. The effect of oxygen vacancies is elucidated through diverse mechanisms related to the interaction between dislocations and oxygen vacancies at different stages. This oxygen vacancy-induced strengthening and toughening strategy displays a significant potential to improve the mechanical properties of piezoelectric ceramics while still maintaining high electrical performance.