bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Design of Encryption Block for High Speed Low Power Blowfish Cipher
Authors: Meshram Sneha D. , Gokhale U. M.
Published: February 2022

Data security always been important in all aspects of life. Data contain important information that must be protected from unauthorized access. As technology continues to dominance various operations in our day to day life so it is important. Reprogrammable devices are highly irresistible option for hardware execution of encryption algorithm. It is essential because these devices enhance cryptographic algorithm ability, physical security. Therefore this paper scrutinize the most important process in cryptographic algorithm i.e. Encryption. Here we used the Blowfish algorithm which is block cipher. All the basic blocks of this block cipher is designed by using VHDL.
Imaging Technologies in Breast Cancer Screening Beyond Mammography.
Authors: Singh Shamy , Dheeba J.
Published: February 2022

Still there is a passionate debate in medical world about the best screening method for Breast Cancer. Early detection is an effective way to diagnose and  manage breast cancer. Mammography is the most widely used screening modality, with solid evidence of benefit for women aged 40 to 74 years. Even then it has also undergone increased scrutiny for False-Positives with additional testing which increase radiation dose, cost and anxiety. False-Negatives with false sense of security and potential delay in cancer diagnosis. To overcome these challenges, new imaging technologies for breast cancer screening have been developed, including; X- ray Mammography, Contrast Enhanced Mammography, Digital Mammography, Ultrasound, Automated Whole Breast Ultrasound (AWBU), and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) are being evaluated. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of different medical imaging techniques used in the diagnosis of breast cancer. We compare their effectiveness, advantages, and disadvantages for detecting early-stage breast cancer. We mainly focusing on the comparison of these technologies with mammography for the diagnosis of breast cancer. Here we recommend Digital Mammography is the best available screening method for the early detection of Breast Cancer. Even though the optimal screening will ultimately require a personalized approach. It based on the metrics of cancer risk with selective application of specific screening technologies best suited to the individual’s age, risk, and breast density.
A Brain Computer Interface to Control Home Appliances for Epilepsy Patients
Authors: Mariappan R. , Aarthi M. G. , Kalaiselvi P. , Kanimozhi M.
Published: February 2022

A brain computer interface (BCI) is a new communication channel between the human brain and the smart home appliances. EEG based non-invasive BCI with frequency filter algorithm was connected with a Virtual Reality system in order to control home appliances by using GUI platform. It offers an alternative to natural communication and control with human brain assumption and the ON OFF condition of home appliance is based on the muscle movement with interrupts.
Generations of Computer
Authors: Sharma Nonika , Kaul Rashika
Published: February 2022

In our research paper we are going to focus on 2G, 3G, 4G generation systems and their standards. Also we will focus on the various advantages and disadvantages of each generation system. We will also study about the various technologies used in each generation system.
System Programming Drawbacks
Authors: Jain Abhishek , Kumar Manohar , Kumar Manohar
Published: February 2022

A system programming language usually refers to a programming language used for system programming; such languages are designed for writing system software, which usually requires different development approaches when compared to application software. System software is computer software designed to operate and control the computer hardware, and to provide a platform for running application software. System software includes software categories such as operating systems, utility software, device drivers, compilers, and linkers. In contrast with application languages, system programming languages typically offer more-direct access to the physical hardware of the machine: an archetypical system programming language in this sense was BCPL. System programming languages often lack built in input/output facilities because a system-software project usually develops its own input/output or builds on basic monitor I/O or screen management services facilities. The distinction between languages for system programming and applications programming became blurred with widespread popularity of PL/I, C and Pascal.
Prediction Models in Machine Learning by Classification and Regression
Authors: Singh Shamy , Dheeba J.
Published: February 2022

One of the machine-learning method for constructing prediction models from data is Classification and Regression. By partitioning the data space recursively these models are configuring and in each prediction model are fitting with a simple predictions. Finally, the partitioning can be represented pictorially as a decision tree. Finite number of unordered values are taken for the designing the classification trees and are designed for independent variables. And the prediction error are measured in terms of misclassification cost. Squared difference between the predicted and observed values are measured in regression trees, which are dependent variables that have ordered discrete values or continuous values. Here in this article reviewing and comparing some of the widely acceptable algorithms such as QUEST, GUIDE, CRUISE, C4.5 and RPART with their strengths, weakness and capabilities.
Learning Opportunities and Challenges of Sensor Enabled Intelligent Tutoring Systems on Mobile Computing Devices
Authors: Vazquez Luis , Proctor Michael
Published: February 2022

Long established on stationary devices like traditional personal computers, sensor-enabled intelligent tutoring system (ITS) technology on mobile computing devices (e.g. tablets, smartphones) hope to deliver a personalized tutoring experience tailored to student affect and educational state anywhere, anytime. To achieve these goals, sensor-enabled ITS must overcome technology changes introduced by the mobility of devices such as tablets and smartphones. After a brief contextual presentation and identification of the sensor-enabled ITS technology & research gaps on mobile computing devices, this article discusses opportunities and challenges of the mobile-computing device and proposes a sensor-enabled ITS prototype for mobile devices.
Going Back to Einstein's 1907 in the Modern Computer Age
Authors: Rossler Otto E. , Kolb Yaël , Ujica Andrei
Published: February 2022

Einstein’s equivalence principle of 1907 amounts to a mental analog computer that is ready for simulation in the modern computer age. Several new fundamental implications do already come to the fore in the process of merely preparing to do so. They are as revolutionary as one is used to from Einstein’s brain children.
A Narrative Approach for Removal Embedded Prototype from Big Tree Data
Authors: Valarmathi K. , Gowdhami R.
Published: February 2022

Many modern functions and systems represent and exchange data in tree-structured form and process and produce large tree datasets. Discovering informative patterns in large tree datasets is an important research area that has many practical applications. We propose a novel approach that exploits efficient homomorphic pattern matching algorithms to compute pattern support incrementally and avoids the costly enumeration of all patterns matching required by previous approaches. To reduce space consumption, matching information of already computed patterns is materialized as bitmaps. We further optimize our basic support computation method by designing an algorithm which incrementally generates the bitmaps of the embeddings of a new candidate pattern without first explicitly computing the embeddings of this pattern. Our extensive experimental results on real and synthetic large-tree datasets show that our approach displays orders of magnitude performance improvements over a state-of-the-art tree mining algorithm and a recent graph mining algorithm.
Robot Controlled by Voice Using Mobile Phone
Authors: Ashish Abhijeet , Gautam Gaurav , Kumar Anil
Published: February 2022

This paper includes that how a robot works with the input given in voice. this paper explains that how a robot interface with user with voice command given by the user. This system is quite fast. this system consists three parts first one is voice recognition system second one is central controller system and third one is robot. The voice recognition system is a basically a interface between man and robot it receives the voice as input signal and processes it and then forwarded to central controller then it passes the signal to Robot. The paper will describe how the whole process it happen. In this system the human work will become quite easy to give commanding signal because there is no use of hands or any other part come into existence. In this system the robot will be quite familiar with humans.
Data Communication Via Bluetooth Between Pendrives Using Arm
Authors: Ashish Abhijeet , Gautam Gaurav , Sahi Arjun
Published: February 2022

Now a days pendrive become so indespensible thing in our life. Any type of data is use share we need pendrive, to transfer those data first off all we need to put those datas in PC then into pendrive it is so hectic process so to overcome from this long process we need a pendrive with inbuilt bluetooth. By this pendrive we can share data directly from pendrive to pendrive without need of a PC. This is very effective process which can save time as well as effort of user.It will make user comfortable to share data eaisly. to work with this pen drive we need a small power supply to the pendrive almost 9 volt DC power supply. It can be dual means it can trasfer data usually with the help of PC or via bluetooth when power supply iven to it.
Susceptibility of a Smart Home to Intentional Electromagnetic Interference Attacks
Authors: Davlyatov Sukhrob , Mahfouz Tarek , Jones James W. , Attallah Sherif
Published: February 2022

Technology advancements are shaping the construction industry gradually. Smart homes have become a reality and insome cases a trend due to these advancements. Although the literature includes multitude of efforts addressing the technologies used in smart homes, integration processes, and privacy issues, little exists about their vulnerability to Intentional ElectroMagnetic Interference (IEMI). In an attempt to address this gap, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the proliferation of smart home technologies, their susceptibility to IEMI attacks, currently available mechanisms of defense, and to provide a cost assessment model of the most suited protection approaches to be adopted by the construction industry. To that end, the adopted research methodology collected and analyzed a set of relevant peer reviewed publication within the domain, and developed different construction cost estimates utilizing standard reference books, like RSMeans, and direct contact with system suppliers. The outcomes of the aforementioned methodology yielded two potential protection methods, namely full protection of the home shell; and partial protection for essential components while providing a detection system of potential attacks. The average achieved costs per square foot range from $7.91 to $20.11 depending on the selection of material and type of finish. It is instigated that the outcomes of this research provide a much needed knowledge about the propensity of smart homes to IMEI attacks and provide a guidance cost estimate for protection mechanism. It also provides a better understanding for home owners regarding their decisions.
Drip Irrigation Management System and Monitoring Soil Using Wireless Sensors
Authors: Shiral Jayashree Shiral , Hazra Monika , Thakre Prajakta , Gawande Ankita , Bhadang Karishma
Published: February 2022

In this paper, we are using two sensors to sense the humidity and temperature of the soil .water is very precious to all human being as well as to plants. With the help of drip irrigation water will be maintained at constant level which means the water will reach to the roots drop by drop if the field is irrigated heavily with a water, there are chances that a plants may die because of unnecessary irrigation. The water could also wash them away during irrigation if very strong force of water is released at the same time. On the other hand, if there is not enough water, then also there may be chances that the plants may die due to lack of water. With the help of atomized drip irrigation system the sensor will detect the need of water by sensing the temperature & moisture and inform to the control field programmable gate array(FPGA) which will on the motor and provide water to the needed field area. Due to which the healthy plants will grow which leads to increase the productivity.
Design of Controller for Submersible Water Pump Based on Solar Energy
Authors: Mankar Tejashwaree D. , Krirsagar Ravi. V.
Published: February 2022

This project work deals with the development of low cost PV pumping system using a PMBLDC (permanent magnet brushless dc motor) drive coupled to a pump load. We are proposing to design and develop a constant current controller without current and position sensors therefore reducing to a large extent the overall cost of the drive system and to maintain the required output in case of low solar insolation during the winter and also in case of reduced solar output due to increase in cell temperature. The controller will drive a PMBLDC motor to pump the water to the tank. The input from the water level sensors attached to the tank indicates the water level to the controller and thereby automates the pumping system.
Blowfish Algorithm-Securing the Future
Authors: Kumari U.V. Ratna , Pokhrel Santosh , Anche Hyndavi Anusha
Published: February 2022

Information security has become a major issue in communication systems. Any threat to the information being transferred may cause severe loss to the organization. To overcome this security threat cryptography techniques are used to encrypt and decrypt the data. Many algorithms are used for this purpose, one among them is the blowfish algorithm. This paper presents a detail regarding theencryption and decryption using blowfish algorithm using VHDL coding and its post simulation results. The beauty of this algorithm lies in its prepossessing way of generating the sub-keys.
On- Board Non-Isolated Battery Charger for EV Application Using the BDC
Authors: Satish K. , Prasad B. Sankara
Published: February 2022

Non-isolated battery charger has been giving solutions in industrial applications so far. The survey has explained that generated torque in the motor must be zero to use the motor in charger circuit. Furthermore, this paper has been presented bidirectional converter for electric drive the proposed non-isolated integrated chargers are following advantages viz. Less price; structure is simple and very easy to control. Furthermore the switching devices have been replaced with electronic switches therefore lower price of thecharger compared to the other alternatives. Results have been presented using MATLAB/Simulink software.
Key-Point Based Copy-Move Forgery Detection and Their Hybrid Methods: A Review
Authors: Kaur Harpreet , Saxena Jyoti , Singh Sukhjinder
Published: February 2022

Copy-move image forgery is one of the tampering techniques that need to be tackled with. Many copy-move forgery detection techniques such as exhaustive search, block and key-point matching based methods have been proposed for the detection of copy-move image forgery. Although key-point based methods were found better than block based methods in terms of computationalefficiency, space complexity and robustness against rotation and scaling. However, key-point based methods also possess a number of limitations. So, researchers have proposed many integrated methods to cope up with the limitations of key-point based methods and to make copy move forgery detection more reliable. In this paper, keypoint based methods such as SIFT, SURF, ORB and theirintegrated methods are reviewed.
Non-linear Distortion & its Reduction Techniques for Coherent Optical OFDM System: A Review
Authors: Joshi Sunil , Sharma Gaurav
Published: February 2022

In this paper the literature review is done for different compensation technique to reduce the nonlinear distortion for optical coherent system. Comparative analysis done so for dispersion compensation fiber, method of Fiber Bragg Grating, digital signal processing (DSP), pre and post symmetric-DCF techniques. The digital signal processing is very practical for all type of nonlinear distortion is minimized while dispersion technique is use to compensate the dispersion loss only and other methods are useful to reduce nonlinear distortion.
Current Scenario of Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPVs)
Authors: Kumar Ashish , Kesari J. P.
Published: February 2022

The Building-incorporated photovoltaics (BIPVs) are photovoltaic (PV) materials that are used to supplant traditional/conventional building materials that are being used in construction of building covering, for instance, the roof tiles, front windows, or veneers. Further, they represent a strong, versatile and eco-friendly means for attaining the goal of ever increasing power demand for zero energy and zero emission buildings of the adjacent future. In this regard, BIPVs may offer an aesthetically pleasing, costeffective and real-world solution, to integrate photovoltaic solar cells (BIPVs) reaping solar radiationto produce electricity along with climate protection of the buildings. This research work précises thecurrent stage of the development in the Building-integrated Photovoltaic systems and the scope of future research in building integration of photovoltaics, incorporating the latest and innovational ideas and features of BIPVs which include BIPV tiles& modules, BIPV foils,and solar power cell glazing products.
Introduction of the Electrolysis of Brine for the Supply of Drinking Water to a Marginalized Population
Authors: Barranco Nelson
Published: February 2022

In our country the Institute of aqueducts and sewage systems, is responsible for providing all the Panamanian population drinking water. However the communities with less 1,500 inhabitants are handled by the Ministry of health, by the so-called rural aqueducts; which are managed by the communities themselves. Most of these rural aqueducts operate with many deficiencies. Thus the availability of drinking water to rural populations is very insecure. Preceding this reason exposed, and analyzing different methods of disinfection for drinking water especially for rural areas, we select the electrolysis of brine, as a good alternative; already this method as well as low cost of maintenance and operation, requires raw salt, or sea water; what is available anywhere in one way or another to produce hypochlorite of sodium, generated by electrolysis. Through the introduction of the process of electrolysis of brine, which operated using renewable energy sources (photovoltaic), being this self-sustaining, especially for hard to reach places. Generated potable water for consumption, and food preparation. The water obtained complies with the regulation technical DGNT-COPANIT 23-395-99, for drinking water. We empower the community with this project, to generate themselves the disinfectant of sodium hypochlorite, resulting this in a social innovation project. The project counted with the collaboration of the technical staff of the laboratory of Industrial analysis and environmental sciences of the Experimental Center of engineering at the Technological University of Panama. And it was endorsed and financially supported by the National Secretariat for science, technology and innovation
Evaluation of the Influence of Principal’s Training on Security Management in Public Secondary Schools in Nzaui Sub-County, Makueni County, Kenya
Authors: Muoki Wambua Joseph
Published: February 2022

Many of the secondary schools have had threats to safety from within originating from fires, insect bites, loose and sharp objects, poorly constructed buildings inadequate and poorly ventilated rooms all these among others makes the learner, the teacher and the workers insecure while in school. The study aimed at assessing the influence of the principal’s training on safety management in all the public schools in Nzaui sub-County, Makueni County Kenya. A mixed method was used consequently applying the concurrent triangulation strategy. Qualitative data was thematically examined beside the research objects then presented in description forms. It was evident from the findings that insecurity was on the rise in many secondary schools in Nzaui Sub-county. It further revealed that principals’ training has not been operative in security management in public secondary schools. Thus, the study commends that the principals should develop training mechanism to promote security management in their school. The principals should allocate sufficient resources for employment and training of security staff and purchases of advanced security installations.
Teacher as a Transformer of Cognitive and Wisdom for Sustainable Character Development
Authors: Retno Wiratih Hernawati W.
Published: February 2022

Development of character virtue is the key to personal, academic, and professional success in life. Today, we face enormous challenges in educating of young people, who provide youth with basic academic, knowledge and skills, accordingly, promote their character development. Modern global culture suffers from a variety of negative trends which are reflected and reinforced in the world of education. These challenges include a perceived decline in the value of intelligence, complex thought, wisdom of superficiality in favor, and the loss of intellectual and moral standards. These conditions will affect their mindset, attitude and behavior that will eventually form of character of individual and community and so will be affected to the society life, especially the characters of young generation. According to Rosenshine and Stevens, 1986, teaching behavior correlate with the student performance to support and develop student’s self-identity. Historically, schools have always had responsibility for both academic and character development. Regarding education’s wisdom, students need to develop “learning strategies” that support their life-long learning. To do so, education today should facilitate the development of interpretative skills, deep understanding to face and solve the complex problems. Performance of professional teachers must be raised and clearly existence of knowledge by aggregation of skills, technology, and ethics disposition
Teaching in Action: A Model to Understand the Complexity of Teachers’ Decisions in Teaching Mathematics
Authors: Dimenäs Jörgen , Taflin Eva
Published: February 2022

In this article, we focus on the teaching of mathematics in classrooms. The aim of the present study is to create, describe and test a model for teachers' decisions in action when teaching mathematics. We focused on the classroom as a very complex environment and videotaped three excellent teachers teaching mathematics.  An inductive iterative research process was selected to generate theory and conclusions directly rooted in data. The model was tested in different teacher groups, and the categories changed and analyses proceeded. The model relates to Jaworski´s (1992), theory the “teaching triad”.  By using the developed model “teaching in action” it is possible to analyze and describe teaching in mathematics classrooms and find examples of teachers’ decisions in action. The model “teaching in action” show the complexity of teachers’ work.
Innovation in Architectural Education
Authors: Давыдова Ольга Викторовна
Published: February 2022

The choice of the form of representation of public experience due to the integration of fundamental science, the educational process itself and the needs of potential customers of project products is an actual problem for mastering cognitive, creative and organizational competences. The ability to predict their activities before the start of the project and the understanding that the activities of an architect do not begin and end with the project, but is a reflection of social ideals and values, and also aims at shaping the public consciousness of the future generation. Shifting the focus on self-awareness, self-assessment of its activities in the reflection of each stage is the basis for the formation of organizational competence necessary to fulfill social orders by the deadline. Organization of visibility in the relationship between teacher and students: 1) in understanding accepted and understood relevant information, 2) the possibility of self-unpacking of knowledge at the right time for students, within the framework of a holistic vision of the teacher’s world, 3) self-diagnosis before public evaluation of the designed product . Assertiveness of creative personality and life according to the rules, appropriate use in the creative process of typical and standard, the search for new architectural forms and unused opportunities based on the analysis of typical and exclusive similar projects in the actual problems to be solved. Self-prediction and self-esteem, self-realization before consciousness, social assessment in a changing world, ready for the manifestation of new (other) qualities.
Science Teaching: Scientific Literacy in a School Perspective
Authors: Dimenäs Jörgen
Published: February 2022

The article highlights the professional teachers' understanding of what they see as the most important contents in science education. The aim of the study is based on conversations with professional teachers and how they understand what are the most central contents in science education. It is related to scientific language and importance for society. Their understandings are related to the importance of science in the society and to the language's importance to students' learning opportunities. The result of the study's interviews are analyzed on the basis of Basil Bernstein's concept of the horizontal and vertical discourse, which demonstrates the opportunities for pupils to approach a scientific content based on a contextual understanding. How science is taught is an important question in the aspect of students coming from different socioeconomic conditions and with different conceptions of the outside world and the science school discourse. In the present study the professional teachers'  in particular stresses the importance of a holistic understanding of the content in science, the methodical aspects in science education and the consequences of science and technology development. To be science literate in a teaching context means that the students will get the capacity to use scientific knowledge, to identify questions and to draw evidence based conclusions in order to understand and help make decisions about the natural world and the changes made to it through human activity.
Viana Do Castelo: Stucco Art and Artists
Authors: Moura Anabela , Moreira Raquel
Published: February 2022

This project describes an Art Project carried out at the Higher School of Education of Viana do Castelo Polytechnic Institute, Northern Portugal, in a class of the 2nd year of the Basic Education course within the curriculum unit "Artistic and Cultural Animation Techniques" in the academic year 2020/2021. The main aim of this article is to disseminate a project that combines cultural and artistic animation with the promotion of cultural heritage and, in particular, with the valorization of an artistic tradition from Alto Minho that tends to disappear – the stucco art. Methodologically, the action research method was used in combination with the service-learning model, using the interview as a research technique to collect data on the problems that affect this hiddenstream art form. A number of games were developed to address the art of stucco for 1st cycle primary education children, as well as a video recording on the history of stucco. The imaginative and innovative responses of the university students help to highlight the need for the protection and appreciation of such a tradition in the general population and among 1st cycle children.
Variable Speed Pumped Storage Hydropower Generation
Authors: Dhyani Ashish , Kumar Abhishek , Lamba Rishabh , Rajora Rohit Kumar , Chaudhary Vishal
Published: February 2022

The potential advantages of variable speed hydroelectric generation are discussed in this paper. Some general aspects concerning the efficiency gains in turbines and the improvements in plants operation are analysed. The main results of measurements done on a test loop with an axial-flow turbine are reported. Also is described the control scheme implemented, which is based on artificial neural nets (ANN). The conclusions encourage the realisation of more detailed studies, especially for low head plants, in order to confirm the practical interest of this technology.
Vibration Analysis of the Flexible Beam Using Dynamic Solver K_Sim
Authors: Park Dongil , Kim Doohyung
Published: February 2022

We developed the dynamic solver including the pre-processor with GUI, kinematic/dynamic solver and the post-processor. This can support to analyze the flexible body dynamics as well as the rigid body dynamics. Because almost robot system has the multi bodies including some flexible bodies, multi flexible body dynamics is very important. In the paper, we carried out the vibration analysis of the flexible beam using the developed dynamic solver K_Sim and compared it to the commercial multi flexible body dynamic solver.
Design, Analysis and Fabrication of Quadcopter
Authors: Javir A.V. , Pawar Ketan , Dhudum Santosh , Patale Nitin , Patil Sushant
Published: February 2022

Quadcopter also known as quadrotor is the next form of helicopters having more dynamic stability than helicopters. They play a predominant role in different areas like surveillance, military operations, fire sensing and some important areas having many complexities. This paper focuses on the aerodynamic effects of quadcopter. It addresses all the aspects of quadcopter ranging from mechanical design to electronics used. It provides backup to the selection of different components with the help of various formulas from research papers. It also gives clear results with respect to weight of components and their corresponding costs. Along with this, finite element analysis is done on the frame so as to sustain the loads generated in the vehicle and concluded that small deformation occurred on the center plates are safe and within the limit.
Book Recommendation System Based on Combine Features of Content Based Filtering, Collaborative Filtering and Association Rule Mining Ashish Fatarphekar
Authors: Fatarphekar Ashish , Nashikkar Tejas , Patil Vivek , Naik Gayatri
Published: February 2022

Recommendation systems are widely used to recommend products to the end users that are most appropriate. Online book selling websites now-a-days are competing with each other by many means. Recommendation system is one of the stronger tools to increase profit and retaining buyer. The book recommendation system must recommend books that are of buyer’s interest. This paper presents book recommendation system based on combined features of content filtering, collaborative filtering and association rule mining.
Design of Asynchronous Viterbi Decoder using Dual-Rail Protocol for Low power consumption
Authors: Mothe Sonali V. , Kalam Surekha Tadse
Published: February 2022

Paper shows the review of asynchronous Viterbi decoder using hand shake protocol as Dual – Rail protocol. Viterbi decoders are used for decoding convolution forward error correction codes in a large proportion of digital transmission systems including mobile phones and digital television. For portable applications, the battery size and lifetime is of commercial importance as is the size of the electronics. The approach adopted in the Viterbi design is to use a self-timed (or asynchronous) timing strategy. This saves power through not having to generate or distribute a global clock. Instead, timing between blocks is performed by local handshake signals. This enables an asynchronous system to only consume power when doing useful work and to have an idle power of near zero. Furthermore, there is an inherent advantage to asynchronous systems in that a system can switch almost instantaneously between the idle state and maximum activity; this is much more difficult to organize in a clocking system.
Cellular Lightweight Concrete
Authors: Dhengare Sagar W. , Dandge Ajay L. , Nikhade H.R.
Published: February 2022

Cellular Light weight Concrete (CLWC) is not a new invention in concrete world. It has been known since ancient times. It was made using natural aggregates of volcanic origin such as pumice, scoria, etc. The Greeks and the Romans used pumice in building construction. Lightweight concrete can be defined as a type of concrete which includes an expanding agent in that it increases the volume of the mixture while giving additional qualities such as inability and lessened the dead weight. The usage of Cellular Light-weight Concrete (CLC) blocks gives a prospective solution to building construction industry along with environmental preservation.
Utilization of Waste Plastic Materials in Road Construction
Authors: Raut Aditya , Dhengare Sagar W. , Dandge Ajay L. , Nikhade Harshal R.
Published: February 2022

Plastics are user friendly but not eco-friendly as they are non biodegradable. Generally it is disposed by way of land filling or incineration of materials which is extremely risky. This waste plastic can be partially mixed with material use for road construction. In conventional road making process bitumen is used as binder. Such bitumen can be modified with waste plastic pieces. This waste plastic modified bitumen mix shows better binding property, stability, density and more resistant to water. Worldwide use of waste material in road construction is being increasingly encouraged so as to reduce environmental impact. The use of this innovative technology will strengthen the road construction and increase the road life as well as will help to utilization of waste plastic material. Plastic roads would be a blessing for hot and extremely humid climate, where temperatures normally cross 50°C and abundant rains create damage, leaving most of the roads with big potholes. The main aim of this study is to focus on using the available waste/recycled plastic materials and waste rubber tires present in abundant that can be used economically and conveniently. Using this technique for road construction proves ecofriendly, economical and use of plastic will also give strength in the sub-base course of the pavement.
Detection of Concrete Damage Using Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Method
Authors: Dogra Manish , Jain Pankaj
Published: February 2022

Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) method is used to detect cracks and flaws inside the concrete structure. There are two types of simulated cracks, namely, cracks perpendicular to axis of element and cracks parallel to axis of element were induced without breaking them. The method can be used to measure the depth of vertical cracks. The degree of accuracy is high, if the distance is maintained between 100 - 200 mm. However, for measuring horizontal cracks, this method does not give the result with high degree of accuracy. But within a distance of 100-200 mm between the transducers, the depth of the horizontal cracks can be estimated to a reasonable degree of accuracy. Hence, the distance between the transducers plays an important role degree of accuracy of measuring depth.
Modelling and Analysis on Impeller of Centrifugal Compressor
Authors: Chandra R. Rama , Prasad Naidu V. Naga , Tiruchanur Lakshmi Priya
Published: February 2022

Impeller is a main component of the Centrifugal Compressor where it has got a series of curved vanes, fitted inside shroud plates. Impeller is a rotating part of a centrifugal compressor, or other machine designed to move a fluid by rotation, which imparts Centrifugal force to the fluid and the fluid moves radially out. This presentation deals with the 3-D solid modeling, analysis and optimization on the impeller blades which are made of “LOW CARBON STEEL”. The 3-Dimensional Centrifugal compressor impeller model has been done using “CATIA V5” software. ANSYS is used for the analysis of this model. Von Mises stress and yield strength of the model are compared in order to observed whether the design is safe for the Carbon Steel material and also the displacements of the component in X, Y and Z directions.
Study in Reduction of Vortex Drag at Low Cruising Aircraft Speeds
Authors: Nabhan Mohamed B.W. , Seddiq Ebrahim K.
Published: February 2022

Aerodynamic characteristics of plain wing designed for Light Sport Aircraft has been studied. The fluid characteristics include induced drag and lift to drag ratio. Then, winglets are added to reduce the induced drag and increase the lift to drag ratio which are affected by the wing tip vortices. The theoretical, and numerical approaches are used to verify the results. A rectangular untwisted 9.528 m wing spans with an Airfoil NACA 4412 was used for the basic design. Winglets are added with a tip airfoil of NACA 0012, side angle of 65o and new projected area of 10.328 m2. Lift and drag coefficients are used as means to measure the improvement of the aerodynamic characteristics. The wing tip vortices increase the induced drag and spoil the lift over the wing's surface. The winglets design main objectives are to decrease the induced drag, decrease fuel consumption, and increase flight safety, especially in take-off condition.The wing with winglets model was simulated first using 3-D Fluent ANSYS version 14 at 50 m/s velocity and (0o, 5o, and 10o) angles of attack with laminar flow and standard atmospheric conditions at 15oC, and 101 kPa and all other flow parameters as well. The second verification method was to simulate the 3-D model using the 3-D Foil Multi-Surfaces code again with the same flow parameters. Finally, the last verification method was to solve the problem theoretically using the theoretical governing equations. The theoretical solutions were used as a base line for all other results. The total drag reduction observed from the calculations with winglets is about 7.4% during the takeoff regime using theoretical calculations, where the induced drag contributes about 77% of total drag of the plain wings. The lift to drag ratio improved also in our designed model wing with winglets by 14% from the plain wing design.
A comparative Analysis of the Gastro-Intestinal Helminth Parasites of Cattle in Awka and Obosi Abattoirs in Anambra State, Southeastern Nigeria
Authors: P.U. Umeanaeto , N.E. Ogbogu , K.C. Irikannu , A.E. Onyido , Mbanefo Okwelogu I.S. , E. C.  , M.O. Ifeanyichukwu
Published: February 2022

A comparative study was carried out on the prevalence of gastro-intestinal helminthes of cattle in Awka and Obosi abattoirs in Anambra State, between August and September, 2014. Fresh faecal specimens were collected from the rectum of 120 fleshly slaughtered cattle using universal specimen containers. arasitological examination of the faeces were done using direct smear and formal-ether concentration techniques. Out of 120 faecal specimens examined, 53(44.2%) of the cattle harboured gastro-intestinal helminth parasites. The prevalence of the intestinal parasites was higher in Obosi abattoir 33(55.0%) than in Awka abattoir 20(33.3%).The highest intestinal parasite encountered was nematode infection (26.7% in Awka; 31.7% in Obosi) and the least was cestode (15.0% in Awka; 21.7%in Obosi). Among the nematodes, Haemonchus contortus was common (10% in Awka; 11.7% in Obosi). Mixed infection recorded were 13.3% in Awka and 18.3% in Obosi abattoirs. White Fulani species had the highest infection rate in both Awka 10(16.7%) and Obosi abattoirs 14(23.4%) while the Red Fulani had the least prevalence in Awka3(5.0%) and Bokolo species 8(13.4%) in Obosi. Prevalence according to gender showed that females (20.0% in Awka; 28.3% in Obosi) were more infected than the males (13.3% in Awka; 26.7% in Obosi). The prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites was observed to be statistically significant with gender (P>0.05) but not with different breeds (P<0.05). Good management practices in cattle rearing will help to reduce intestinal parasites of cattle
Platelet Rich Fibrin in Dentistry
Authors: Gundawar Satwik Sham , Baliga Sudhindra , Thosar Nilima , Rathi Nilesh
Published: February 2022

Platelet rich fibrin (PRF) is a fibrin matrix in which platelet cytokines, growth factors and cells are trapped and may be released after a certain time and that can serve as a resorbable membrane. In the present review article, the evolution, preparation of PRF has been described. Autologous PRF is considered to be a healing biomaterial, which has its numerous applications in various disciplines of dentistry.
The Effectiveness of Additional Methods of Decompression in Patients with Supratentorial Dislocation of the Brain
Authors: Yrysov Keneshbek , Mamytov Mitalip , Kadyrov Ruslan
Published: February 2022

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of additional methods of external and internal decompression in patients with supratentorial dislocation in focal lesions of the cerebral hemispheres. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis of 219 cases of supratentorial compression of the brain in patients hospitalized in the Clinic of Neurosurgery of the National Hospital of the Kyrgyz Republic was conducted. In the main group of 143 observations, the assessment of the severity of dislocation syndrome according to our 12-point scale was performed; according to the results of this assessment, after the eradication of the focal lesions, additional methods of external and/or internal decompression were used. The drainage of the lateral ventricles and the one-sided wide infratemporal decompressive craniotomy in severe cases supplemented by the microsurgical resection of the mediobasal parts of the temporal lobe were performed. Results: The analysis of the study showed an increase in unfavorable outcomes with the growth of the severity of DS. Thus, the gross residual effects found in stage I in 17.4% of the patients, in stage II were already found in 43.0%, and in stage IV - 69.4% of the observations. The group with fatal outcomes was even more demonstrative, which showed a clear increase in the number of deaths of patients as the severity of the dislocation progressed. Among patients with DS in stage I, 19.4% died, while in stage III - 32.1 %, and in stage V (the most severe) – 2 of 3 patients died, making up 66.7% of this group. The total number of deaths in both groups was 51 cases (23.2%); at that a significantly smaller percentage of failures of the treatment (p <0.05) was found in patients of the main group making up 20.2%, compared to 29.0% of the control group. Conclusion: the findings of the clinical and instrumental examinations of patients in the postoperative period confirm the high effectiveness of methods of additional external and internal decompression, a high percentage of survival of patients in the main group and a decrease in the number of deaths in the treatment compared to the control group.
Undergraduate medical Students’ perspective to Community?based Education and Services (COBES) Attachment in the Rural Primary Health Care Settings in Namibia
Authors: Barongo Longin R. , Lukolo Linda N.
Published: February 2022

To examine the students’ perspective on whether Community?Based Education and Services (COBES) practices in the rural settings was in line with school learning objectives, be able to identify deficiencies in the design and in the implementation of COBES program
Health Policy and Maternal Mortality in Rwanda: A Case of Rwamagana District Hospital
Authors: Gad Habarurema Samuel , Ngarambe Prudence , Safari Ernest
Published: February 2022

The purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of health policy on maternal mortality in Rwanda, Rwamagana Hospital. The objectives of the study were: to investigate the impact of health policy on maternal mortality in Rwanda specifically Rwamagana Hospital, to examine the effect of medical insurance on maternal mortality rates in Rwanda - Rwamagana Hospital, to find out the influence of training of medical staff on the maternal mortality rate in Rwanda - Rwamagana Hospital, to find out the influence of mass immunization on maternal mortality rates in Rwanda especially in Rwamagana Hospital. The literatures were reviewed from different scholars and academicians in relation to the research study and the conceptual framework was based on three variables including independent variable shown as health policy and it was measured in terms of medical insurance, training medical personnel, and mass immunization, another variable was dependent variable shown as maternal mortality and it was measured in terms of malnutrition, disease, poor health services and poor antenatal care and another variable was the intervening variables that can falsify the findings of the study which includes building medical facilities, provision of medical care, educating women especially on human reproduction matters and hygiene and sanitation as well. The target population comprised 120 people and sample size of 92 respondents was considered using Yamane formula and purposive sampling technique was used. Questionnaires, documentary data and data analysis were expected to be used through SSPS version 21.0 while coding and cleaning the data collected from the field. The findings indicated that health policy has impact on maternal mortality in all health sectors of Rwamagana Hospital; for instance the results have indicated that health insurance is owned at rate of 91 (98.9%), easy access to medication at rate of 6 (6.5%), financial risk protection through protecting the resources spent on nursing sick children and maternal deaths at rate of 11 (12.0%), building of medical infrastructures and facilities at rate of 61 (66.3%). The findings also indicated there is correlation between health policy measure and maternal mortality prove that all the variables are positively significant at p-value under 0.05, despite that all the variables in correlation with poor antennal care gave negative Pearson correlation implied that the betterment of health policy decreases maternal mortality and recommendations were drawn basing on the study findings and challenges faced by Health policy beneficiaries whereby recommendations were addressed to medical personnel, government of Rwanda mainly ministry of health, local leaders, and expectant mothers and hence suggestions for further studies in line with Health policy were advised by the researcher as the study got its progress.
Secure and Efficient Graph Derivation Representation Approach for Measuring and Distributing Cluster Based Ontology
Authors: Suganya R. , A. Divya
Published: February 2022

Secure data transmission for cluster-based measuring and comparing ontologies, where the clusters are formed dynamically and occasionally. We intend two sheltered and resourceful records Transmission(SET) protocols for CWSNs, is SET-IBS and SET-IBOOS, through by means of the IdentityBased digital Signature (IBS) scheme and the Identity-Based Online/Offline digital Signature (IBOOS) scheme in that order. During SET-IBS, protection relies on the rigidity of the DiffieHellman problem in the pairing domain. SET-IBOOS further reduces the computaional overhead for present a graph derivation representation based approach (GDR) for stable semantic quantity, which captures structural semantics of ontologies, which is while its serving relies on the hardness of the discrete logarithm problem. The calculations and simlations are provided to illustrate the efficiency of the new protocols. The domino effect illustrate to, the future protocols have better performance than the existing secure protocols for measuring and comparing ontologies, in terms of security overhead and energy consumption