bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aerodynamic Performance of Propeller–Wing in Continuous Transition Mode Under Different Strategies
Authors: Wang Mengtian , Jin Tai
Published: February 2025

Transition mode, which is characterized by highly nonlinear aerodynamic properties critical to the safety and stability of the electric vertical-takeoff-and-landing aircraft during flight, is still not well understood with respect to aerodynamics and flight dynamics. This paper establishes a simulation method based on the overset mesh method, which is suitable for the aerodynamic performance research during continuous transition mode. A calculation method for the transition corridor is proposed based on the variation law of wing aerodynamic coefficients with tilt angle obtained from simulations. The impact of different aerodynamic coefficient settings on the transition corridor boundary is analyzed. The aerodynamic performance of the propeller–wing system under different tilt routes within the transition corridor is analyzed. It is found that the system’s aerodynamic performance is superior when there is a pause during tilting compared to tilt with uniform velocity. The pause angle should be set in the early phase of the tilt, not less than 60 deg, and the pause duration should be about 9% of the total tilt time. These provide references for calculating more accurate transition corridors and optimizing transition strategies.
On-Demand Urban Air Mobility Scheduling with Operational Considerations
Authors: Ko Jaeyoul , Ahn Jaemyung
Published: February 2025

This paper introduces an on-demand sequencing and scheduling framework for Urban Air Mobility (UAM) with electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) aircraft. Safety and efficiency, considering factors such as battery state of charge and charging infrastructure, are critical factors for UAM operations. A new scheduling framework integrating considerations for battery consumption, parking and charging infrastructure, vertiport throughput, and fleet heterogeneity to maximize the operational efficiency of the eVTOL UAM fleet is proposed. A solution methodology utilizing a genetic algorithm and receding horizon scheduling achieves near-optimal solutions with an average optimality gap of 5.8% and a runtime of less than 1 min for dynamic scheduling. A case study based on the 2024 Paris Olympic air taxi operations demonstrates the efficacy of the proposed problem formulation and solution method.
Configurational Influence on a Vortex System of a Hovering Rotor
Authors: Heintz Alexander , Schwarz Clemens , Wolf C. Christian , Raffel Markus
Published: February 2025

The blade tip vortices in the wake of a rotor are essential for the aerodynamic behavior of a helicopter. Due to the high complexity, a detailed simulation of a rotor wake is challenging and in many cases requires experimental validation. In particular, the study of secondary vortices that occur between the helically arranged blade tip vortices is part of the current research. Therefore, this paper presents an experimental study of the influence of different configurational parameters on the development of secondary vortices and their contribution to the vortex breakdown of a rotor in hover. The aim is to gain insight into which configurational parameters have an influence on the occurrence of secondary structures. An extensive database of more than 30 different configurations was created to validate the numerical simulations and methods. It was found that the blade passing frequency is the main contributor to the occurrence of secondary structures. A linear dependence between the number of secondary vortices detected and the blade passing frequency was found.
Pseudorotation Adjoint-Based Aerodynamic and Aeroacoustic Optimization Method for Isolated Rotors
Authors: Zhi Haolin , Deng Shuanghou , Chang Jiahao , Xiao Tianhang , Lu Yujin
Published: February 2025

The present study proposes a pseudorotation adjoint-based aerodynamic and aeroacoustic optimization method for the application on isolated rotors with both accuracy and efficiency. The pseudorotation adjoint-based optimization methodology incorporates two innovative techniques: i) a hybrid computational fluid dynamics–computational aeroacoustics method closely integrating with Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations under a rotating reference frame within a pseudorotation moving-medium Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings formulation to evaluate aerodynamic performance and tonal noise, and ii) a unified architecture for steady-state adjoint-based sensitivity analyses of both aerodynamics and aeroacoustics leveraging the pseudorotation approach, thereby facilitating effective multi-objective weighted optimizations within one comprehensive framework. The proposed pseudorotation steady adjoint-based optimization method is applied to a bidiscipline optimization problem of rotor blades compared with our previous on-the-fly unsteady adjoint method. Results of the comparative study demonstrate that the pseudorotation steady approach exhibits good agreement with the unsteady approach in predicting aerodynamics and aeroacoustics as well as their sensitivity derivatives. Furthermore, the steady adjoint optimization demonstrates its capability in achieving an optimum rotor design that closely resembles the outcome from unsteady adjoint optimization while exhibiting a 20-fold acceleration in computational time. These results highlight the potential of this proposed pseudorotation adjoint-based optimization method in efficiently exploring fundamental principles governing high aerodynamic performance and low tonal noise emissions for isolated rotors.
Calibration Method for Inverse Heat Conduction Problems Under Sensor Delay and Attenuation
Authors: Yu Zhichao , Chen Hongchu , Qi Li , Wu Zan
Published: February 2025

Resolving inverse heat conduction problems (IHCPs) based on interior measured temperatures is a reliable approach for aerodynamic heat prediction. In most IHCP studies, it is generally assumed that the data obtained by temperature sensors are the positional temperature, whereas in actual measurements, the thermocouple undergoes a transient heat transfer process, leading to a slight bias in its readings compared to the desired temperature at the target location. In this paper, a thermocouple model is established to simulate the sensor dynamic response effect. Then, a traditional space marching method (SMM) and the calibration integral equation method (CIEM) are applied to investigate the sensor dynamic response on surface heat flux predictions. The Gauss filtering method and future time regularization method are used as regularization schemes for SMM and CIEM, respectively. For achieving optimal predictions, phase-plane and cross-correlation analyses are applied to extract the optimal regularization parameter. The results indicate that delay and attenuation will occur in surface heat flux prediction using SMM, and this negative phenomenon can be eliminated by using CIEM. In general, CIEM has great merits for resolving IHCPs compared to traditional approaches, which eliminate the impact of dynamic response and improve the accuracy of aerodynamic heat predictions. The results of this study can provide a reference for transient IHCPs that should take the influence of sensor dynamic response on inverse prediction into consideration.
Job quality in the tourism industry
Authors:   Universidad de las Palmas de Gran Canaria (España), Melián González Santiago
Published: February 2025

In many countries and regions, tourism activity is viewed as a means of increasing income and employment for local people. Research confirms that tourism development boosts employment. However, studies have neglected the quality of jobs. Job quality is a concern for policy makers and is considered a determinant of individual well-being. The quality of jobs in tourism is generally perceived to be low. Most evidence with respect to tourism job quality disregards job quality in specific tourism activities, non-tourism activities, several tourism occupations, and non-tourism occupations. These aspects are analysed using employment data from the European Union and two large databases on job characteristics (ONET) and working conditions (European Working Conditions Survey). The results indicate that job quality is low in accommodation and food and beverage service activities, but not in travel agency and tour operator services. With regard to occupations, job quality is low in most tourism occupations.
Turismo local sin exclusión social: análisis a las localidades turísticas de Bocas del Toro, Boquete y casco antiguo de Panamá
Authors:   Universidad de Panamá (Panamá), Mora Vega Rosa Elvira
Published: February 2025

This article seeks to present an analysis of the tourist locations of the Bocas del Toro archipelago, Boquete district and the old town in Panama City. It is articulated along two axes: local tourism; and the social exclusion suffered by communities to make way for tourist activities. These produce delicate situations of pain and represent an issue of urgent attention that, until now, has not had enough energy devoted towards, despite the public outcry demanding a stop to gentrification and job opportunities in tourist areas where mass tourism is observed to be an overly destructive element of heritage values, although with rich potential, which properly managed could make tourism a tool to fight poverty. Therefore, it is concluded that there is a need to construct a socioeconomic development project focused mainly on improving the quality of life of disadvantaged groups through a more equitable distribution of wealth.
Retomada consciente: as estratégias internacionais para contenção do overtourism e as contribuições para o contexto brasileiro
Authors:   Universidade de Brasília (Brasil), Gois Wesley , Tasso João Paulo Faria ,   Universidade de Brasília (Brasil)
Published: February 2025

Multiple disturbances, caused by the phenomenon of overtourism, are not evidence specific to contemporary times. Historically, international destinations have faced huge challenges in maintaining their ability to assimilate the harmful implications arising from saturated flows of visitors to their territories. With the attenuation of the global pandemic situation, strict measures have been adopted by several countries, in order to mitigate the recognised multidimensional disturbances of overtourism. In Brazil, the concern seems to be the opposite. The aim was to investigate what international strategies have been aimed at containing the new overtourism scenario, with a view to identifying inputs for possible replication/adaptation in the Brazilian context and stimulating public policies for more sustainable tourism. The study, qualitative and exploratory, focused on bibliographical research (scientific articles/books) and documents (news in digital media), between 2018 and 2023. Results pointed to monitoring and dispersion strategies (spatial/temporal), adaptation of tourist regulations and infrastructure improvements for visitors and residents.
Regeneración urbana y turistización en el centro histórico de San José del Cabo, Baja California Sur, México (1974-2022)
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Baja California Sur (México), Bojorquez Luque Jesús , Osuna Covarrubias  Julio Ernesto ,   Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa (México), Chávez López Martha Cecilia ,   Centro de Estudios Tecnológicos del Mar (México)
Published: February 2025

Most of the historical city centres with architectural heritage are undergoing urban regeneration dynamics that consolidate the processes of touristisation. The objective of this article is to analyse an exploratory case study of the city of San José del Cabo, located in the Mexican state of Baja California Sur, which began to be immersed in public policies on tourism in the early seventies of the last century, with consequent urban regeneration initiatives that consolidated tendencies of touristisation of its historical centre. The evidence shows an urban regeneration policy promoted by the three levels of government with the objective of consolidating alternatives to the sun and beach activities for which this tourist destination was initially designed.
ГНЕЗДЯЩИЕСЯ ВОРОБЬЕОБРАЗНЫЕ ПТИЦЫ КАМЕННОБЕРЕЗНЯКОВ ЮГО-ЗАПАДНОЙ КАМЧАТКИ
Authors: Герасимов Ю.Н. , Духова Э.Р.
Published: February 2025

Исследования по численности и распределению птиц Юго-западной Камчатки мы рассматриваем как один из предварительных этапом составления кадастра позвоночных животных Камчатского края. Для оценки численности и плотности населения птиц мы используем трансектный метод с фиксированными полосами обнаружения птиц. Представлены данные по численности, в том числе средней многолетней, гнездящихся воробьеобразных птиц Юго-западной Камчатки
СЕЗОННАЯ ДИНАМИКА ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ ПАРАМЕТРОВ ЛИСТЬЕВ КУСТАРНИКОВ SYRINGA VULGARIS НА УРБАНИЗИРОВАННОЙ ТЕРРИТОРИИ
Authors: Луговская А.Ю. , Лях Е.М. , Храмова Е.П.
Published: February 2025

В работе представлены данные о сезонных изменениях морфологических параметров листьев кустарников Syringa vulgaris в г. Новосибирске. Исследуемые районы выбирались с учетом уровня загрязнения: в городских условиях (вдоль автодороги по ул. Станиславского в Ленинском районе) и в районе с относительно благополучной экологической обстановкой, выбранном за контроль (Советский район). Установлено, что растения Syringa vulgaris в ответ на транспортно-промышленное загрязнение проявляют реакцию, заключающуюся в сокращении размеров ассимиляционных органов. Сравнение значений морфологических параметров листьев сирени из городских и контрольных условиях свидетельствуют о равномерном развитии листа в течение вегетационного периода вне зависимости от условий произрастания.
ПОДТОПЛЕНИЕ ЗАСТРОЕННЫХ И ЗАСТРАИВАЕМЫХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ И МЕТОДЫ ЗАЩИТЫ
Authors: Макеева Т.Г. , Яковлева И.Ю. , Лаврусевич А.А.
Published: February 2025

Проведен анализ причин подтопления застроенных и застраиваемых территорий за счет природных и техногенных факторов. Рассмотрены основные средства предотвращения развития опасных экзогенных процессов в условиях городской застройки.
Интеллектуальный тренажёр для подготовки операторов эргатических систем управления
Authors: Петухов И.В. , Стешина Л.А.
Published: February 2025

В статье предложена структура интеллектуальной тренажёрной системы, отличающейся наличием контуров оценки состояния человека-оператора и результативности его действий. Генерация симуляционного сценария подготовки осуществляется с учётом индивидуальных особенностей реакций оператора в процессе симуляции профессиональных действий и значительно расширяет возможности симуляциионной среды. Экспериментальная апробация в инжиниринговом центре «Биоэнергия» подтвердила эффективность практического использования тренажёра.

Introduction. Training systems and complexes are now widely employed for the safe and cost-effective instruction of operators managing complex technological equipment. It is commonly held that simulators are particularly effective in mass training scenarios where specialists are required to operate identical or similar equipment. Conversely, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies can significantly broaden the practical applications of training systems. Through AI, it becomes possible not only to increase the variety of simulation scenarios but also to ensure their non-linearity and non-repetition, mitigating the risk of habituation and loss of interest. Intelligent technologies enable the assessment of operator effectiveness and the prediction of behavioral reactions in conditions of uncertainty and information scarcity. This study aims at developing an intelligent simulator tailored for training operators of ergatic control systems, focusing on its application in the forestry industry. Conclusion.The paper proposes a novel structure for an intelligent training system designed for operator instruction. This system encompasses the dynamic generation of a technological process model, an operator assessment model, and a model for professional training. The presented intelligent training system facilitates the individualization of operator training processes, accounting for the efficacy of their work. Fuzzy logic is employed for evaluating training effectiveness without relying on strictly formalized criteria. Experimental testing at the Bioenergy Engineering Center validated the practical utility of the simulator. Practical Significance. The simulator not only allows for the examination of behavioral reactions in diverse conditions but also facilitates the implementation of various organizational and technological work schemes, presenting a distinct persepctives for further research.
Different Reactions Define the Electrochemical Window in Imidazolium Ionic Liquids on Gold and Platinum Electrodes
Authors: Stender Frederik J. , Risch Marcel
Published: February 2025

Ionic liquids (IL) make excellent candidates for many energy storage devices due to unique and tuneable properties such as a high electrochemical window (ECW). We investigated water as an impurity in common 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (BMIM) and 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium (HMIM) triflate on platinum and gold electrodes in a stagnant three-electrode cell and in a flow cell coupled to a differential electrochemical mass spectrometer (DEMS). We found, that the ECW closes with increasing water content on both gold and platinum electrodes on both setups. Platinum has a smaller ECW than gold, where the difference mainly stems from the limiting reduction reaction. While both materials showed evolution of oxygen, hydrogen evolution could only be detected on platinum, indicating limitation of the ECW by different reductive reactions on gold and platinum. Our study highlights the interplay between electrode material and electrolyte for tailoring the ECW for specific applications.
Perovskite Catalysts for Pure-Water-Fed Anion-Exchange-Membrane Electrolyzer Anodes: Co-Design of Electrically Conductive Nanoparticle Cores and Active Surfaces
Authors: Zhai Tingting , Wang Hao , Beaudoin Sarah , Zhang Ran , Kwak Minkyoung , Hou Shujin , Guo Zhengxiao , Boettcher Shannon
Published: February 2025

Anion-exchange-membrane water electrolyzers (AEMWEs) are a possible low-capital expense, efficient, and scalable hydrogen-production technology with inexpensive hardware, earth-abundant catalysts, and pure-water. However, pure-water-fed AEMWEs are still at an early stage of development and suffer from inferior performance compared to proton-exchange-membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWEs). One key challenge is to develop effective non-platinum group metal (non-PGM) anode catalysts and electrodes in pure-water-fed AEMWEs. We show how LaNiO3-based perovskite oxides can be tuned by co-substitution on both A- and B-sites to simultaneously maintain high metallic electrical conductivity along with controlled surface reconstruction to expose stable Co-based active catalyst. The optimized perovskite, Sr0.1La0.9Co0.5Ni0.5O3, yielded pure-water AEMWEs operating at 1.97 V at 2 A cm–2 at 70 oC with pure-water feed, thus illustrating the utility of the catalyst design principles.
Gate-tailoring with protons and metal cations in a flexible zeolite for high-efficiency ethylene/ethane separation
Authors: Wang Xiaohe , Li Libo , Yan Nana , Wang Lei , Millán Reisel , Liu Puxu , Chu Yueying , Gao Wei , Xu Jun , Zhou Yida , Xu Juping , Yin Wen , Yuan Bao , Wu Zhenduo , Corma Avelino , Xu Shutao , Liu Zhongmin , Yan Wenfu , Guo Peng , Li Jinping , Boronat Mercedes , Yu Jihong
Published: February 2025

The separation of ethylene (C2H4) from ethane (C2H6) is a critical yet energy-intensive process in the chemical industry, demanding energy-efficient and cost-effective solutions. Here, we report a Li+-exchanged silicoaluminophosphate RHO zeolite (Li-SAPO-RHO) with unprecedented selectivity for C2H4 over C2H6. This exceptional performance is attributed to the synergy between H+ and Li+ ions strategically positioned at the flexible eight-membered ring (8MR) gates of the zeolite. These ions effectively modulate the transport barriers for C2H4 and C2H6, significantly enhancing separation efficiency. Li-SAPO-RHO exhibits an Ideal Adsorbed Solution Theory selectivity exceeding 20,000 and enables the production of polymer-grade C2H4 (>99.9%) from refinery dry gas, with a productivity of up to 238.6 mmol/L. This performance surpasses that of all existing zeolite and metal-organic framework-based benchmark adsorbents. The H+-Li+ synergistic gating effect has been investigated using advanced characterization techniques, such as electron diffraction and neutron powder diffraction, along with ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. In addition to its exceptional selectivity and productivity, Li-SAPO-RHO offers advantages of low-cost synthesis, ultrahigh stability, and excellent cyclic performance, making it a highly promising candidate for industrial-scale light olefin separations.
Comparative analysis and design of integral bridges: Thermal effects, soil-structure interaction, and structural performance
Authors: Shreedhar R.
Published: February 2025

The integral bridges have emerged as a preferred alternative to traditional bridges with expansion joints, particularly for small- to medium-span structures. Integral bridges eliminate the need for expansion joints, leading to reduced maintenance and improved long-term performance. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of integral bridges, focusing on the validation of P-Y curves for modeling soil-pile interaction, the impact of thermal loading on pile behavior, and the comparison of structural responses between integral and simply supported bridges. Using the nonlinear analysis tool SAP2000, the research evaluates key factors such as pile deflection, bending moments, shear forces, and deck slab stresses under various loading conditions, including IRC Class A and 70R. The results show that integral bridges exhibit lower deck slab stresses and bending moments compared to simply supported bridges, highlighting their efficiency in specific design scenarios. The study concludes with recommendations for enhancing the design and construction of integral bridges, especially in the absence of specific code provisions.
Evaluation of bamboo leaf ash as supplementary cementitious material in concrete
Authors: Abdul Razak B. H. , Basavaraj Akki , Rashmi S. M.
Published: February 2025

The application of materials exhibiting pozzolanic properties in concrete has become the need of the hour. Evaluating the pozzolanic activity of materials that replace cement is gaining significance due to the growing demand for environmentally sustainable cement products. Incorporating bamboo leaf ash (BLA) as supplementary cementitious material (SCM) in concrete aligns with the principles of sustainable construction by reducing waste, utilizing renewable resources, and potentially lowering carbon emissions associated with traditional cement production. In this study, BLA is used as a partial replacement for ordinary Portland cement (OPC) in ranges of 10%, 20%, and 30%. Experimental results on hardened properties showed that concrete mixed with BLA gives satisfactory cube compressive strength up to the replacement level of 20% with OPC as a binder. Beyond 20% replacement, cube compressive strength falls below the characteristic strength of concrete.
THE EFFECT OF CAPACITY PLANNING ON SUPPLY CHAIN PERFORMANCE OF MANUFACTURING FIRMS
Authors: Mose James Mauti , Magutu Peterson Obara
Published: February 2025

Objective: The objective of the study was to find the effect of capacity planning on supply chain performance of   manufacturing firms.
 
Theoretical Framework: The main concepts and theories that underpin the research include: Transation cost theory, Resource Based view and social capital theory.
 
Method: The methodology adopted for this research comprises the positivism philosophy. Similarly, the study adopted the cross-sectional survey design, which is the most appropriate to deduce whether there exists a relationship that is significant among the study variables. The study was carried out among 518 manufacturing firms in Kenya, using semi-structured questionnaire out of which 491 were returned whereby only 457 were well filled as 34 were poorly filled or blank. The response rate was 88.2%. The data was collected from both primary and secondary sources. The relationship between the variables were tested using simple linear and multiple regression analysis.
 
Results and Discussion: The results obtained revealed that the effect of capacity planning on supply chain performance was statistically significant at both variable and indicator level analysis. In the discussion section, these results are contextualized in light of the theoretical framework, highlighting the implications and relationships identified. Possible discrepancies and limitations of the study are also considered in this section.
 
Research Implications: This implies that capacity planning indicators of demand forecasting, capacity expansion and equipment selection are key in determining supply chain performance and are very fundamental in the firms’ operations in determining the quantity of goods or services to be manufactured at a given time to satisfy the demand of customers. Hence, the RBV theory was fully supported by the findings of this study.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by operationalization and conceptualization of the variables to guide future research. The findings from this study contribute to the body of knowledge in the area of strategic supplier alliance, capacity planning, supply chain performance and firm performance. The study suggests future studies which it deems important in contributing to future knowledge in research works. It is recommended that other studies should be done there using other popular measures of capacity planning and supply chain performance since this study used only indexes of supply chain performance and qualitative data for capacity planning.
QUESTÕES METODOLÓGICAS PARA A REABILITAÇÃO TIPOLÓGICA E CONSTRUTIVA DA HABITAÇÃO TRADICIONAL DO CENTRO HISTÓRICO DE GUIMARÃES, PORTUGAL
Authors: Silva Marisa Daniela Cardoso , Lanzinha João Carlos Gonçalves , Fernandes Miguel João Mendes do Amaral Santiago
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: O objetivo deste artigo pressupõe uma análise à habitação considerada tipicamente vimaranense, que resulta de um processo de várias transformações desde as primeiras fixações no território e as alterações económicas, socais e construtivas que foram condicionando a arquitetura e a própria cidade.
 
Estrutura Teórica: A estrutura desta reflexão, após uma breve Introdução, em que se dão conta das principais caraterísticas do Centro Histórico de Guimarães, o capítulo 2 descreve a evolução construtiva da habitação desse mesmo Centro. No capítulo 3, com o título “A Casa Vimaranense – Proposta de Reabilitação” apresenta-se um caso prático, com as respetivas peças desenhadas e considerações tipológicas, técnicas e construtivas. Para terminar, na Conclusão, tecemos considerações sobre a relevância da recuperação no Património edificado e, principalmente aquele que se encontra nos centros históricos.
 
Método: O método utilizado nesta pesquisa, para além do conhecimento empírico das situações apresentadas, promove uma análise crítica dos argumentos apresentados por autores que estudaram os mesmos assuntos; sem nunca perder de vista a complexidade que a arquitetura contempla. Deste modo, a integração de um conjunto de saberes diversificados é fulcral para uma visão holísticas dos problemas e das soluções. Avançamos com um raciocínio dedutivo, que parte do geral para o particular e da teoria para a prática e, ao invés, de um raciocínio indutivo, que parte do particular para o geral, da prática para a teoria.
 
Resultados e Discussão: Os resultados tornam-se num conjunto de argumentos particulares, que pretendem produzir uma visão própria, uma visão em que a arquitetura se apresenta como um ofício capaz de influenciar a vida das pessoas. Considerando as novas exigências sociais e mantendo as técnicas construtivas, objetiva-se neste artigo o modelo de evolução da cidade de Guimarães a partir do seu Centro Histórico classificado Património da Humanidade pela UNESCO e procede-se à análise das questões estruturais e materiais que se apresentam como relevantes para o desenvolvimento prático de uma proposta de reabilitação de uma habitação tradicional no referido Centro Histórico. (Guimarães, 2024).
 
Implicações da Pesquisa: Esta pesquisa permite servir de exemplo para o estudo da intervenção em habitações tradicionais e apoiar a definição de estratégias para a reabilitação de espaços urbanos de interesse histórico, nomeadamente os classificados pela UNESCO.
 
Originalidade/Valor: Permite-nos esta pesquisa atribuir o “justo” valor ao património, à reabilitação, aos centros históricos e, simultaneamente, à cidade de Guimarães. Tendo a disseminação deste assunto já ter dado os seus frutos; pois outros artigos, destes mesmos autores, têm tido grande visibilidade no meio académico e científico.
Early biliary complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy
Authors: Usenko O. , Kopchak V. , Ogorodnyk P. , Khomyak I. , Lytvyn O. , Deinichenko A. , Motelchuk S.
Published: February 2025

Objective. To evaluate the frequency, risk factors and methods of treatment of early biliary complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy.
Materials and Methods. A retrospective and prospective study was conducted, which included 451 patients who were treated at the National Research Center of Surgery and Transplantation named after A.A. Shalimov of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine from January 2015 to December 2022. There were 235 men (52.1%) and 216 women (47.9%). The age of patients ranged from 35 to 80 years, with a mean age of (61± 9.3) years. Pancreaticoduodenectomy with preservation of the Traverso pancreas was performed in 135 patients, and with removal of the Whipple pancreas in 316 patients. The study patients underwent clinical, laboratory, bacteriological and instrumental examinations.
Results. In 55 (12.2%) patients, early biliary complications occurred: in 6 (1.3%) - hepaticojejunoanastomosis stenosis, in 13 (2.9%) - temporary jaundice, in 10 (2.2%) - biliary hemorrhage and in 26 (5.8%) - cholangitis. In 6 patients with hepaticojejunoanastomosis stenosis, the diameter of the common bile duct was less than 5 mm, which statistically significantly (p < 0.001) influenced the development of early biliary complications, and 3 of these patients underwent repeated surgery. Temporary jaundice resolved spontaneously in all 13 patients. The jaundice stopped spontaneously in 5 patients, and the other 5 patients required minimally invasive treatment (4) or relaparotomy (1). Recurrent episodes of cholangitis were observed in 26 patients after discontinuation of antibiotic therapy. No patient died. The reoperation rate was 7%. Minimally invasive methods were successful in 11% of patients.
Conclusions. The risk factors for the occurrence of biliary fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy, the frequency of which was 2%, include male gender, obesity, low serum albumin levels, endobiliary stenting in the preoperative period, common bile duct diameter less than 5 mm, segmental bile duct anastomoses, and the fact that biliary leakage from hepaticojejunoanastomosis is associated with biliary wall weakness. The use of minimally invasive technologies is effective in the treatment of early biliary complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy. Prevention of early biliary complications after pancreaticoduodenectomy includes precision surgical technique, selection of adequate suture material and assessment of all risk factors for their occurrence.
The volume of stimulated pancreatic secretion in patients with chronic biliary pancreatitis depending on the functional state of the pancreas and pressure in the proximal duodenum
Authors: Kharlanovska О. P. , Kozhara S. P.
Published: February 2025

Objective. To investigate the volume of stimulated pancreatic secretion in patients with chronic biliary pancreatitis depending on the state of excitation and inhibition in the pancreas and pressure in the proximal duodenum after intraduodenal injection of 0.1 M hydrochloric acid and sunflower oil.
Materials and methods. We examined 316 patients with chronic biliary pancreatitis. The pancreatic function was assessed by the method of complex fractional gastroduodenal probing, the state of excitation and inhibition in the pancreas – by measuring the pressure in the antral part of the stomach during stimulated pancreatic secretion by the open catheter method.
Results. In the group of patients with chronic biliary pancreatitis with a pressure in the antrum of the stomach of 0 – 5 mm Hg, with a pressure in the duodenum after the introduction of sunflower oil of 14 – 18 mm Hg. the proportion of patients with a secretion volume of 0 – 50 ml was higher, and the proportion of patients with a secretion volume of more than 300 ml was lower than at a duodenal pressure of 19 – 42 mm Hg – 16.13 and 1.61% and 7.55 and 15.09%, respectively (p < 0.025). In the group of patients with chronic biliary pancreatitis with unstable pressure in the antral region of the stomach with duodenal pressure after administration of sunflower oil of 14 – 18 mm Hg. The proportion of patients with a secretion volume of 101 – 180 ml was higher, and the proportion of patients with a secretion volume of more than 300 ml was lower than with a duodenal pressure of 19 – 42 mm Hg – 31.58 and 7.89% and 18.42 and 23.68%, respectively (p < 0.05).
Conclusions. In chronic biliary pancreatitis with an imbalance of excitation and inhibition in the pancreas, patients with normal excitability of the gland compared to patients with increased excitability of the gland have persistent hyposecretion with a secretion volume of 0–50 ml and no persistent hypersecretion with a secretion volume of more than 300 ml, which can be considered a normal reaction to the inhibitory effect of biliary dyskinesia. In chronic biliary pancreatitis with an imbalance of excitation and inhibition in the pancreas, patients with decreased excitability of the gland have persistent hyposecretion with a secretion volume of 101–180 ml, while patients with increased excitability of the gland have persistent hypersecretion with a secretion volume of more than 300 ml, which can be considered risk factors for the development of chronic and acute pancreatitis.
Comprehensive individualized approach to the treatment of patients with acute intestinal obstruction of tumor genesis
Authors: Kubrak M. A. , Zavgorodnyi S. M. , Danyliuk M. B. , Chemeris Yu. O.
Published: February 2025

Objective. To analyze the results of using a comprehensive individualized approach to the treatment of patients with acute intestinal obstruction of tumor genesis.
Materials and methods. The study included 125 patients with acute intestinal obstruction as a complication of colon cancer.
Results. The use of a strategy of a comprehensive individualized approach to the treatment of acute intestinal obstruction of tumor genesis made it possible to increase the proportion of delayed surgical interventions from 65,31 to 81.08% (p = 0.0297), reduce the proportion of operations that ended in colostomy from 79.59 to 21.62% (p = 0.0081), reduce the incidence of perioperative complications from 42.86 to 17.57% (p = 0.0267) and mortality from 12.25 to 5.41% (p = 0.0491).
Conclusions. The use of the developed strategy for the complex treatment of acute intestinal obstruction of tumor genesis significantly improved early perioperative outcomes in patients of this category.
Features of the body's adaptive mechanisms as a manifestation of systemic inflammatory response to surgical stress in patients with osteoarthritis and concomitant cardiac pathology after total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Vako D. I. , Khartanovich M. V. , Sharlay K. Y.
Published: February 2025

Objective. To study the degree of surgical stress and systemic inflammatory response after total hip arthroplasty using a modified posterior approach in patients with osteoarthritis and concomitant cardiac pathology
Materials and Methods. The results of treatment of 55 patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty using a modified posterior approach were analyzed. The levels of insulin, cortisol, glucose, interleukin–6 and tumor necrosis factor–α were determined, the HOMA index (Homeostasis model assessment) was calculated, and pain status and hip function were assessed
Results. The intensity of stress reactions was characterized by significant fluctuations during the study. Thus, the HOMA index had minimal values, although the difference between them was statistically significant immediately after surgery and a day later. Cortisol level after the operation increased statistically insignificantly, reached a statistically significant maximum in a day, and at the end of the study did not differ from the baseline value. The degree of severity of the systemic inflammatory response (concentration of interleukin–6 and tumor necrosis factor–α) also varied during the study. Thus, after the surgical intervention, the levels of both of these indicators increased statistically significantly, in a day the level of tumor necrosis factor–α decreased slightly, and the level of interleukin–6 did not change, on day 7 both indicators statistically significantly decreased to values lower than the baseline. The intensity of the pain syndrome, assessed by a visual analog scale, was most pronounced before surgery, a day after surgery it reached a maximum, although it was not great, on the 7th day the pain almost disappeared. The hip joint function score, determined by the Harris score, increased statistically significantly: from (56.1± 6.0) points (baseline values) to (84.3± 5.8) points (one month after surgery).
Conclusions. It is important to take into account the extent of surgical intervention and it is necessary to introduce minimally invasive access to achieve better treatment results in patients with osteoarthritis and concomitant cardiac pathology.
Elevating Vocational Student Competence: The Crucial Need for English Literacy Competence
Authors: Simanjuntak Marudut Bernadtua , Rafli Zainal , Utami Sintowati Rini
Published: February 2025

This study aims to explore the role of reading competence in English literacy for vocational students, focusing on its impact on human resource management and the effectiveness of public learning organizations. The method used is a descriptive qualitative literature review to identify the required competence levels, basic literacy needs, and the urgency of developing effective reading skills in preparation for entering the job market. The results show that reading competence goes beyond basic literacy and includes understanding technical materials, specific industry documents, and job-related texts, all of which are crucial for successful navigation in chosen fields as well as the development of critical thinking and problem-solving skills. This study also highlights the fundamental needs of vocational learners, including access to educational resources aligned with their field of expertise, and adequate language support programs for various levels of English proficiency. This research recommends enhancements to vocational curricula, professional development for educators, language support programs, and collaboration between vocational institutions and employers. The implications of this study confirm that reading ability is not merely a skill but a strategic necessity for vocational success that enhances job eligibility and adaptability, as well as supporting growth in human resource management and public learning organizations.
Wykorzystanie podejścia skoncentrowanego na rozwiązaniach w dydaktyce akademickiej
Authors: Grzegorczyk Grzegorz
Published: February 2025

Współczesna edukacja akademicka staje w obliczu konieczności skutecznych metod dydaktycznych, które będą uwzględniać dynamikę potrzeb nowego pokolenia studentów. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest omówienie podejścia skoncentrowanego na rozwiązaniach (PSR) jako potencjalnie skutecznej metody wspierającej dydaktykę. Przeprowadzona w niniejszym tekście analiza opiera się na przeglądzie literatury naukowej dotyczącej zastosowania PSR w edukacji, uwzględniając jej zalety, takie jak wspieranie motywacji i autonomii studentów, oraz potencjalne ograniczenia, np. trudności implementacyjne. Wyniki tej analizy wskazują, że PSR zawiera w sobie potencjał do lepszego wspierania studentów w nauce poprzez zwrócenie się ku ich zasobom osobistym i wskazaniu stojących przed nimi możliwości. Konkludując, PSR, mimo pewnych wyzwań, stanowi obiecującą metodę, która może znacząco zmienić tradycyjne podejście do dydaktyki akademickiej.
Funkcjonowanie centrów wsparcia dydaktyki i rozwoju kompetencji wykładowców: Analiza globalnych trendów
Authors: Maciejowska Iwona
Published: February 2025

W Polsce istnieje kilka uczelni z silnymi jednostkami organizacyjnymi, które kompleksowo wspierają wykładowców, w tym rozwój ich kompetencji oraz wiele uczelni borykających się z trudnościami w tym zakresie. Celem tego eseju jest rozszerzenie dyskusji nad profesjonalizacją osób i ww. jednostek o wymiar międzynarodowy. Artykuł omawia znaczenie pojęcia educational developer oraz zadania osób zatrudnionych na tym lub podobnym stanowisku. Prezentuje i analizuje inspiracje z konferencji International Consortium for Educational Development (ICED), która miała miejsce w Nairobi w lipcu roku 2024. Poruszone zostały tematy dotyczące funkcjonowania działów rozwoju/wsparcia dydaktyki i analogicznych centrów ogólnouczelnianych, modele zmiany edukacyjnej, metody motywowania wykładowców oraz certyfikowania zdobywanych umiejętności. Artykuł kończy lista pytań umiejscawiających poruszane kwestie w polskim kontekście oraz zaproszenie do współtworzenia społeczności educational developers, przystąpienia do ICED oraz dzielenia się doświadczeniami na łamach branżowego czasopisma IJAD.
THE FACTOR OF CHRISTIANIZATION AND MISSIONARY ACTIVITY IN THE INTEGRATION OF THE EWE ETHNIC IDENTITY
Authors:   Russian State Humanitarian University, Medushevskii Nikolai A.
Published: February 2025

The article deals with an issue of the spread of Christianity in the
Ewe ethnic community living in the territory of the modern states of Ghana,
Togo and Benin, as well as the influence of Christianization on the formation of
the group identity of the community. The article describes the main milestones
of the Christianization of the community. The beginning of that process is
stated in the context of Portuguese colonization, and the real spread of Christian doctrine with the beginning of the activities of German missionaries in the
middle of the 19th century. The latter carried out missionary activities in the
Ewe language, which was specially created on the basis of one of the dialects
in written form. It was used for publishing the Gospel and providing education in parish schools. As a result, Christianity became quite widespread in the
region, since inclusion in the religious system provided social lifts for the local
population. At the same time, Christianization of the local population remained
largely formal, since religious practice did not take into account local cultural
patterns, and traditionalist beliefs continued to remain popular, and Christian
converts often returned to fetishistic practices. As a result, it ended up with
religious dualism in the mid-twentieth century leading to the emergence of the
phenomenon of “Spiritual Churches”, which, although nominally Christian,
actively used the modified ritual practices of traditionalists. Such religious
disunity remains relevant to the present day and is a pronounced obstacle to
the ethnic integration of the Ewe people.
THE DISCOURSE OF THE CONFRONTATION BETWEEN MOHAMMAD REZA SHAH AND AYATOLLAH KHOMEINI IN IRAN IN 1978-1979
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Filin Nikita A. , Boev Eradzh B. ,   Linguistic University of Nizhny Novgorod, Khodunov Aleksandr S. ,   Russian State University for the Humanities
Published: February 2025

The Islamic Revolution in Iran is considered one of the most
important political events of the second half of the 20th century. It was quite
unexpected, since the Shah’s regime seemed very stable and economically
successful. The revolution was led by the conservative Shiite clergy led by
Khomeini. The confrontation between the Shah’s regime and the movement
of Ayatollah Khomeini began in the early 1960s, and in 1978–1979 entered
the most violent phase, which was accompanied by conflict discourse on both
sides. Khomeini took an irreconcilable position towardsthe Shah and criticized
his every action, calling him a criminal and a fighter against Islam. The Shah,
in turn, tried to strengthen his legitimacy among Iranian believers and said
that he was providing patronage to Islam. However, the majority of Iranian
Muslims actively supported Khomeini, who had much greater authority and
popularity. As a result of the confrontation, the Shah could not stand the tension and left the country, and power passed to Khomeini. After his expulsion,
the Shah, in an interview with American media, claimed to be the one who
truly cared about his country, while Khomeini wants to erase its history and is
not going to develop Iran.
ECHOES OF THE “ARAB SPRING” IN THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Mamedov Samir S.
Published: February 2025

The work studies the phenomenon of the Arab Spring and its
chaotic emergence both in the region as a whole and in the United Arab Emirates in particular, its features, consequences and the state’s reaction to these
events. The demands of the formed opposition, its origins and subsequent fate
in the context of revolutionary events in the Middle East are analyzed. An
important place in the organized opposition is given to the Islyah organization, which is an Emirati cell of Muslim Brotherhood*
active during the Arab
Spring. The author considers the government countermeasures, political
relaxations and simplification of obtaining citizenship for children born in
marriage with foreigners. The work also pays attention to the basic principles
of state power in the UAE, since they influence the formed demands of the
opposition side, mainly represented by the think tanks, and also provide a
clear understanding of the scale of individual influence on decisions made in
the country by the actual head of state. It in turn, obliges one to study the
background and ideological positions of the former president of the federation, Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, in relation to such important events that
affected the entire region of the Middle East and North Africa to varying
degrees. The comprehensive approach answers the questions related to the
events of the Arab Spring in the Emirates, their basis, solution and consequences for the federation.