bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does the type of cleft palate contribute to the need for secondary surgery? A national perspective
Authors: Owusu James A. , Liu Meixia , Sidman James D. , Scott Andrew R.
Published: August 2013

Objectives/Hypothesis

To determine whether the type of cleft palate is associated with a need for secondary surgery (oronasal fistula repair, speech surgery) after primary cleft palate repair.

Study Design

Retrospective analysis of a national pediatric database (2009 Kids' Inpatient Database).

Methods

We identified two distinct cohorts of children who underwent primary and secondary (revision) cleft palate repairs, respectively, from a national, pediatric database (2009 Kids' Inpatient Database). Revision ratios for each cleft palate diagnosis were calculated to identify diagnoses with higher rates of revision. Revision ratio was calculated by dividing the relative frequency of each diagnosis in the secondary repair cohort by the corresponding relative frequency in the primary repair cohort.

Results

In 2009, there were 1942 cases of primary cleft palate repair in the 44 states participating in the KID's inpatient database. Fifty‐two percent (n=1018) were male. The average age at the time of surgery was 13.36 months. In the same year secondary cleft palate procedures were performed on 724 different patients, 54% (n=388) were males. The average age for secondary procedures was 59 months. Cleft lip and palate diagnoses had higher revision rate ratios (1.92) compared to cleft palate only (0.54) P <0.05.

Conclusion

Children with an initial diagnosis of cleft lip and palate, which is more severe than cleft palate only, have comparatively higher rates of secondary cleft palate procedures than children with cleft palate only.

Level of Evidence

N/A. Laryngoscope, 123:2387–2391, 2013
Use of the lymphocyte count as a diagnostic screen in adults with suspected epstein–barr virus infectious mononucleosis
Authors: Biggs Timothy C. , Hayes Stephen M. , Bird Jonathan H. , Harries Philip G. , Salib Rami J.
Published: August 2013

Objectives/Hypothesis

To evaluate the predictive diagnostic accuracy of the lymphocyte count in Epstein–Barr virus–related infectious mononucleosis (IM).

Study Design

Retrospective case note and blood results review within a university‐affiliated teaching hospital.

Methods

A retrospective review of 726 patients undergoing full blood count and Monospot testing was undertaken. Monospot testing outcomes were compared with the lymphocyte count, examining for significant statistical correlations.

Results

With a lymphocyte count of ≤4 × 109/L, 99% of patients had an associated negative Monospot result (sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 94%). A group subanalysis of the population older than 18 years with a lymphocyte count ≤4 × 109/L revealed that 100% were Monospot negative (sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 97%). A lymphocyte count of ≤4 × 109/L correlated significantly with a negative Monospot result.

Conclusions

A lymphocyte count of ≤4 × 109/L appears to be a highly reliable predictor of a negative Monospot result, particularly in the population aged >18 years. Pediatric patients, and adults with strongly suggestive symptoms and signs of IM, should still undergo Monospot testing. However, in adults with more subtle symptoms and signs, representing the vast majority, Monospot testing should be restricted to those with a lymphocyte count >4 × 109/L.

Level of Evidence

NA Laryngoscope, 123:2401–2404, 2013
The effect of cancer stage and treatment modality on quality of life in oropharyngeal cancer
Authors: Oates Justine , Davies Sarah , Roydhouse Jessica K. , Fethney Judith , White Kate
Published: August 2013

Objectives/Hypothesis

To examine changes in health‐related quality of life among oropharyngeal cancer patients by stages and across treatment types among advanced cancer patients.

Study Design

Individual prospective cohort study.

Methods

All newly diagnosed patients with oropharyngeal cancer treated with curative intent were routinely assessed. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) both the Main Module quality‐of‐life questionnaire (QLQ‐C30) and the Head and Neck Cancer (HNC) Module (QLQ‐H&N35) were administered at diagnosis and 3, 6, and 12 months thereafter. Complete case analysis was used following assessment of missing data. The proportion of patients with clinically significant deterioration (changes of ≥10 points) from baseline were calculated for each follow‐up time point and compared by stage (I/II vs. III/IV) and then treatment type (chemotherapy and radiotherapy [CRT] vs. surgery and postoperative radiotherapy [S&PORT]).

Results

Deterioration in most domains was most frequent for stage III/IV patients at 3 months (both modules), whereas stage I/II patients experienced this at 6 months (QLQ‐C30) and 12 months (H&N35). Among stage III/IV patients, this happened at all time points for S&PORT patients (QLQ‐C30) versus 12 months for CRT patients (H&N35). The number of patients reporting deterioration was lower for most domains at 12 months compared to earlier periods, although dry mouth remained a problem for most patients (60%–85% across treatment/stage groups).

Conclusions

Our preliminary findings suggest that general and disease‐specific deterioration is of most concern for stage I/II patients at 6 and 12 months and at 3 months for advanced cancer patients. For stage III/IV patients receiving S&PORT, general deterioration remains a problem after diagnosis, whereas for CRT patients, disease‐specific deterioration is of most concern at 12 months.

Level of Evidence

4. Laryngoscope, 124:151–158, 2014
Operationalizing professionalism: A meaningful and practical integration for resident education
Authors: Nichols Brent G. , Nichols Laura M. , Poetker David M. , Stadler Michael E.
Published: August 2013

Objectives/Hypothesis

Review contemporary definitions of professionalism and apply them to resident evaluation and education.

Data Sources

Review of PubMed, Medline, and Google Scholar.

Review Methods

Review of articles and bibliographies from 1980 to 2012 for professionalism definitions, evaluation, and education in resident training was performed.

Results

Our initial search returned 291 articles. Sixty‐seven articles were included in the final review. Definitions of professionalism often focused on attitudes and traits such as honesty, altruism, self‐reflection, reliability, and respect for others. The operationalization of such abstract definitions is challenging as they are subject to variable interpretations when translated into measurable behaviors. Despite the challenges, specific behavioral benchmarks can be developed and utilized for evaluation with available methods including patient/nurse surveys, faculty observation, objective structured clinical exams (OSCE), ethical reasoning tests, and completion of administrative tasks. Curriculums have often been lecture‐based, limiting the ability to transmit professional values and behaviors. Professionalism is taught most effectively through multiple modalities including mentorship, faculty role modeling, self‐reflection, and resident professionalism portfolios. For professionalism evaluation and education to be effective, the curriculum should be developed as a collaborative effort between residents and faculty.

Conclusions

Professionalism training requires practical, behavior‐based definitions of professional conduct. Once professional expectations are defined, multiple methods should be used to comprehensively evaluate the learner. Professionalism curriculums must be interactive and promote development through a variety of methods with the goal to improve resident performance in this critical core competency. Laryngoscope, 124:110–115, 2014
The existence of free ultrafilters on ω does not imply the extension of filters on ω to ultrafilters
Authors: Hall Eric J. , Keremedis Kyriakos , Tachtsis Eleftherios
Published: August 2013

Let X be an infinite set and let and denote the propositions “every filter on X can be extended to an ultrafilter” and “X has a free ultrafilter”, respectively. We denote by the Stone space of the Boolean algebra of all subsets of X. We show:

For every well‐ordered cardinal number ℵ, (ℵ) iff (2ℵ).

iff “ is a continuous image of ” iff “ has a free open ultrafilter
” iff “every countably infinite subset of has a limit point”.

implies “every open filter on extends to an open ultrafilter” implies “has an open ultrafilter” implies

It is relatively consistent with that (ω) holds, whereas (ω) fails. In particular, none of the statements given in (2) implies (ω).
MRSI of the medial temporal lobe at 7 T in explosive blast mild traumatic brain injury
Authors: Hetherington Hoby P. , Hamid Hamada , Kulas Joseph , Ling Geoffrey , Bandak Faris , de Lanerolle Nihal C. , Pan Jullie W.
Published: August 2013

Purpose

Up to 19% of veterans returning from the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have a history of mild traumatic brain injury with 70% associated with blast exposure. Tragically, 20–50% of this group reports persistent symptoms, including memory loss. Unfortunately, routine clinical imaging is typically normal, making diagnosis and clinical management difficult. The goal of this work was to develop methods to acquire hippocampal MRSI at 7 T and evaluate their sensitivity to detect injury in veterans with mild traumatic brain injury.

Methods

At 7 T, hippocampal MRSI measurements are limited by: (1) poor B0 homogeneity; (2) insufficient
strength and homogeneity; and (3) chemical shift dispersion artifacts. To overcofme these limitations we: (1) used third degree B0 shimming; (2) an inductively decoupled transceiver array with radiofrequency shimming; and (3) a volume localized single slice sequence using radiofrequency shimming‐based outer volume suppression.

Results

In 20 controls and 25 veterans with mild traumatic brain injury due to blast exposure with memory impairment, hippocampal N‐acetyl aspartate to choline (P < 0.001) and N‐acetyl aspartate to creatine (P < 0.001) were decreased in comparison to control subjects.

Conclusion

With the appropriate methods robust spectroscopic imaging of the hippocampus can be carried out at 7 T. MRSI at 7 T can detect hippocampal injury in veterans with mild traumatic brain injury. Magn Reson Med 71:1358–1367, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Body Part Representation, Fragmentation and Patterns of Ertebølle Deer Exploitation in Northwest Zealand, Denmark
Authors: Gron K. J.
Published: August 2013

The faunal assemblages from Asnæs Havnemark, Fårevejle and Trustrup, located in northwest Zealand, Denmark, yielded extensive yet substantially fragmented bone material dating predominantly to the late Mesolithic Ertebølle culture, ca. 5400–3950 cal BC. This paper presents a combined assessment of skeletal part representation of red deer (Cervus elaphus) and roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) from these three sites in conjunction with quantification of overall fragmentation data for the assemblages. These data indicate that the observed pattern of skeletal part abundance is most consistent with a pattern of density‐mediated skeletal attrition, and therefore the whole carcasses were initially deposited. Deer were not part of a logistic exploitation strategy at these sites. This indicates variability during the Ertebølle period not only in which resources were exploited, but in how these resources were processed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Personality Traits Increasingly Important for Male Fertility: Evidence from Norway
Authors: Skirbekk Vegard , Blekesaune Morten
Published: August 2013

We study the relationship between personality traits and fertility using a survey of Norwegian men and women born from 1927 to 1968 (N = 7017 individuals). We found that personality relates to men's and women's fertility differently; conscientiousness decreases female fertility, openness decreases male fertility and extraversion raises the fertility of both sexes. Neuroticism depresses fertility for men, but only for those born after 1956. The lower male fertility in younger cohorts high in neuroticism cannot be explained by partnership status, income or education. The proportion of childless men (at age 40 years) has increased rapidly for Norwegian male cohorts from 1940 to 1970 (from about 15 to 25 per cent). For women, it has only increased marginally (from 10 to 13 per cent). Our findings suggest that this could be partly explained by the increasing importance of personality characteristics for men's probability of becoming fathers. Men that have certain personality traits may increasingly be avoiding the long–term commitment of having children, or their female partners are shunning entering this type of commitment with them. Childbearing in contemporary richer countries may be less likely to be influenced by economic necessities and more by individual partner characteristics, such as personality. Copyright © 2013 European Association of Personality Psychology
Shyness and Psychosocial Functioning in South Korean Children
Authors: Xu Yiyuan , Farver Jo Ann M. , Shin Yoolim
Published: August 2013

The purpose of this study was to examine whether anxious shyness and regulated shyness, initially identified in the Chinese culture, is found in South Korean children, and to explore whether these two forms of shyness were differentially related to children's psychosocial functioning. Participants were 544 fourth to sixth grade children (251 girls, M age = 11.38 years old) who were recruited from an elementary school in Bucheon City, South Korea. Children's anxious and regulated shyness were measured using peers’ nominations and teachers’ ratings, whereas their social preference and social impact were assessed using peers’ nominations. Parents rated their children's temperamental shyness and effortful control, and children self–reported their loneliness and interpersonal concerns. The results of confirmatory factor analysis replicated the two factor model of shyness found in previous studies of Chinese children. Anxious shyness and regulated shyness were positively associated and were similarly related to temperamental shyness. Anxious shyness was negatively related to effortful control and social preference, and positively associated with self–reported loneliness and interpersonal concerns, whereas regulated shyness was positively related to effortful control and social preference and negatively associated with loneliness and social impact. These results were generally consistent with prior Chinese findings and provided preliminary support for the construct validity of anxious and regulated shyness in another Asian culture that emphasizes interdependence and modesty. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Risk of Arrhythmias Associated with Ipratropium Bromide in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults with Asthma: A Nested Case‐Control Study
Authors: Adimadhyam Sruthi , Schumock Glen T. , Walton Surrey , Joo Min , McKell Joanne , Lee Todd A.
Published: August 2013

Study Objective

To evaluate the risk of arrhythmias associated with inhaled anticholinergic (IAC) use in young patients with asthma.

Design

Population‐based nested case‐control study.

Database

IMS LifeLink Health Plan Claims Database.

Patients

Patients 5–24 years of age who were diagnosed with asthma and were new users of asthma controller medications were identified between July 1997 and April 2010. Cases were newly diagnosed with arrhythmia and were matched with up to 10 controls based on age, gender, geographic region, and quarter and year of first controller medication dispensing.

Measurements and Main Results

Exposure to IACs was determined in the 180 days prior to the event date, defined as date of arrhythmia claim. Active use was defined as sufficient days’ supply of a prescription to extend through the event date. Among 283,429 patients with asthma, 7656 cases were matched to 76,304 controls. Most of those included were female (58.8%) and 12 years or older (73.3%). Active exposure of IACs was observed in 0.69% of cases and 0.18% of controls. Active use was associated with a 1.56‐fold increase in arrhythmia risk compared with nonactive users or nonusers (adjusted odds ratio [ORadj] 1.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08–2.25]). Risk was highest among active users of ipratropium (ORadj 1.59, 95% CI 1.08–2.33). Active high‐dose users of IACs (more than 0.114 mg of ipratropium equivalents) had a 69% increase in risk (ORadj 1.69, 95% CI 1.10–2.59), whereas the added risk for active users receiving low‐dose IACs (0.114 mg of ipratropium equivalents or less) was not statistically significant (ORadj 1.22, 95% CI 0.53–2.65).

Conclusion

Use of ipratropium bromide was associated with an increased risk of arrhythmias in 12–24‐year‐old patients with asthma.
It is out of my hands: how deferring control to God can decrease quality of life for breast cancer patients
Authors: McLaughlin Bryan , Yoo Woohyun , D'Angelo Jonathan , Tsang Stephanie , Shaw Bret , Shah Dhavan , Baker Timothy , Gustafson David
Published: August 2013

Objective

This paper seeks to contribute to the understanding of how and why religion affects psychosocial health outcomes. We propose a theoretical model predicting that when women with breast cancer defer control to God they will experience fewer breast cancer related concerns. Deferring control to God, however, should also reduce the likelihood that they take a proactive coping approach, which will be exacerbated by lowered breast cancer concerns. We therefore predict that this passive coping style will ultimately result in lower levels of quality of life.

Methods

Data were collected as part of a randomized clinical trial funded by the National Cancer Institute. A total of 192 women with breast cancer participated in a computer‐mediated social support group. Deferring control to God statements were captured by using computer‐aided content analysis of discussion posts. Psychosocial outcomes were measured using longitudinal survey data. Analysis was performed using structural equation modeling.

Results

The results of our analysis largely confirm our mediation model for which we find significant model fit. As predicted, deferring control to God leads to lower levels of breast cancer concerns but also to more passive coping styles. Ultimately, deferring control to God can lead to lower levels of quality of life.

Conclusions

Our study demonstrates how and why religious coping can lead to both positive and negative psychosocial health outcomes. Health care practitioners should encourage patients who are relying on religion to keep their end of the bargain and maintain an active coping style. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Heat integration and relief systems design
Authors: White Jason , Spearow Jason
Published: August 2013

Heat integration is commonly skipped when evaluating a process' relief systems design. Failing to evaluate the heat integration (or energy balance) for a process can result in overly conservative results and possibly lead to costly expenditures. Evaluating the effects of heat integration in relief systems design is a process that evaluates the physical limitations of the system and does not require taking credit for control system response. It is important to understand the effects that heat integration has on both individual relief devices, and in some cases, the significant affect it can have on flare system design. This becomes even more imperative in cases where relief devices that once discharged to the atmosphere are modified to discharge into a closed flare system. This article covers two examples where evaluating the effects of heat integration on the relief systems prevented costly modifications to those systems. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog, 32: 244–247, 2013
Electronic and transport properties of graphene nanoribbon barbell‐shaped heterojunctions
Authors: Price Miles D. S. , Cruz‐Silva Eduardo , Luiza Mariano Torres Costa Ana , Morais de Vasconcelos Fabrìcio , Girão Eduardo Costa , Zhang S.B. , Meunier Vincent
Published: August 2013

We study the electronic transport properties of graphene nanoribbon barbell systems using a combination of density functional theory and Landauer–Büttiker electronic transport theory to establish the relationship between the conduction gaps of barbell‐shaped graphitic heterojunctions and those of their constituting elements. The barbells considered in this study are built from graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) with either a zigzag or armchair mono‐hydrogen terminated edge structure. The mechanism of bandgap variations is rationalized on the existence of specific boundary conditions imposed on the spin distribution at the interface, as well as on the property of the junction channel. It is established that the nature of the spin polarized conductance pattern depends significantly on the type of graphene nanoribbon edge and the coupling between the two graphene nanoribbon sublattices. The findings highlight the difficulty of exploiting the intrinsic properties of pristine zigzag GNRs when they are placed between electrodes, even when the contact is seamless and defect‐free, since the intrinsic mismatch between the zigzag sectors induce a long‐range spin defect state that affects that dictates the details of the conduction gap of the assembly.
Ternary and Multinary Compounds
Authors: Abou‐Ras Daniel , Dittrich Herbert , Schorr Susan
Published: August 2013

The 18th International Conference on Ternary and Multinary Compounds (ICTMC‐18) was held on 27–31 August 2012 at the Paris‐Lodron University of Salzburg, Austria. This conference has followed the tradition of being an interdisciplinary forum for the exchange of information and experience in the exciting field of materials science of ternary and multinary compounds, which was initiated in 1973 in Bath, UK, by Prof. Brian Pamplin.

Scientific sessions as well as keynote lectures on various topics of current interest have covered a wide range of materials science on ternary and multinary compounds, their synthesis, their properties, and their applications. About 40% of the presentations were devoted to ternary and quaternary materials for thin film photovoltaics as the traditional main topic of the ICTMC conference series, but also new topics emerged, like materials for energy storage and thermoelectrics. Interestingly, about 10% of the contributions were devoted to ab‐initio calculations of electron and phonon spectra of ternary and quaternary materials for energy conversion or storage.

The scientific programme of the ICTMC‐18 included 6 exciting keynote lectures and 42 interesting oral contributions. Three poster sessions provided time for scientific discussions. Most of these contributions are included in the present proceedings.

We were happy about a broad participation. Colleagues from 21 countries set the basis for an exciting meeting: Japan, Germany, Azerbaijan, France, Austria, Taiwan, Italy, Great Britain, Russia, Ukraine, Moldova, China, India, Belarus, Portugal, The Netherlands and Spain (order according to the number of participants). We also received positive feedback concerning the social programme of the ICTMC‐18, organized within the historical city of Salzburg.

The Guest Editors would like to express their thanks to the members of the International Advisory Committee, to the Local Organizing Ccommittee, to the Sponsors Chemetall GmbH and Carl‐Zeiss GmbH, and to all who contributed to this conference with their support and advice. We are very grateful to the referees for their contributions during the editorial process.

The next conference, ICTMC‐19, will be held at Toki Messe in Niigata, Japan, chaired by Prof. Tsuboi. We convey to the organizers our best wishes for a successful meeting.

The Guest Editors
Reduced Graphene Oxide Upconversion Nanoparticle Hybrid for Electrochemiluminescent Sensing of a Prognostic Indicator in Early‐Stage Cancer
Authors: Wu Li , Wang Jiasi , Yin Meili , Ren Jinsong , Miyoshi Daisuke , Sugimoto Naoki , Qu Xiaogang
Published: August 2013

Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have been proposed as a promising new class of biological luminescent labels because of their weak auto‐fluorescence background, strong penetration ability under near‐infrared (NIR) radiation, resistance to photobleaching, and low toxicity. Although UCNPs hold great promise in nanotechnology and nanomedicine, their applications in ECL fields still remain unexplored. Herein, a label‐free, ultra‐sensitive and selective electrochemiluminescence (ECL) assay is developed for detection of cyclin A2 by using highly efficient ECL graphene‐upconversion hybrid. Being an important member of the cyclin family, cyclin A2 is involved in the initiation of DNA replication, transcription and cell cycle reg­ulation through the association of cyclin‐dependent kinases (CDK). Cyclin A2 is a prognostic indicator in early‐stage cancers and a target for treatment of different types of cancers. However, the expression level of cyclin A2 is quite low, direct detection of cyclin A2 in crude cancer cell extracts is challenging and important for both clinical diagnosis of cancer in the early stage and the treatment. By chemically grafting cyclin A2 detection specific probe, a PEGlyted hexapeptide, to graphene‐upconversion hybrid, the constructed ECL biosensor displays a superior performance for cyclin A2, which can not only detect cyclin A2 directly in cancer cell extracts, but also discriminate between normal cells and cancer cells. More importantly, the ECL biosensor has different responses between clinical used anticancer drug‐treated and non‐treated cancer cells, which demonstrates that the sensor can be potentially used for drug screening, and for evaluation of therapeutic treatments in early‐stage cancers.
Selective Dispersion of Large‐Diameter Semiconducting Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes with Pyridine‐Containing Copolymers
Authors: Berton Nicolas , Lemasson Fabien , Poschlad Angela , Meded Velimir , Tristram Frank , Wenzel Wolfgang , Hennrich Frank , Kappes Manfred M. , Mayor Marcel
Published: August 2013

The purity of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) is a key parameter for their integration in electronic, optoelectronic and photonic devices. Samples of pristine SWNTs are inhomogeneous in terms of electric behavior and diameter and contain a variety of amorphous carbon and catalyst residues. To obtain high performance devices, purification of SWNTs is required. Conjugated polymers have emerged as efficient solubilizing and sorting agents for small diameter SWNTs (HiPco tubes, 0.7 nm<Ø<1.1 nm). Nevertheless, reports on polymers able to efficiently sort large diameter SWNTs with Ø>1.1 nm are lacking. Several pyridine‐containing copolymers were synthesized for this purpose and showed efficient and selective extraction of semiconducting large diameter SWNTs (PLV tubes, Ø>1.1 nm). High concentration and high purity suspensions are obtained without the use of ultracentrifugation, which gives an up‐scaling potential of the method. The emission wavelength is in near infrared region around 1550 nm and fits with broadly used telecommunication wavelength window. The processes taking place at the interface were simulated by a newly designed hybrid coarse‐grain model combining density functional theory and geometrical calculation to yield insights into the wrapping processes with an unprecedented level of details for such large diameter SWNTs.
Effect of the preload in the general static load‐carrying capacity of four‐contact‐point slewing bearings for wind turbine generators: theoretical model and finite element calculations
Authors: Aguirrebeitia Josu , Plaza Jon , Abasolo Mikel , Vallejo Javier
Published: August 2013

This paper presents a generalization of previous works developed by the authors in the field of the calculation and selection of slewing bearings, where a theoretical model for the estimation of the static load‐carrying capacity of four‐contact‐point slewing bearings was obtained. Those previous works assumed that there was no preload in the balls; in the present work, the model has been improved in order to consider the effect of the preload, in such a way that it provides more realistic results because this type of bearings are preloaded in several applications to increase the stiffness and therefore the accuracy of the system. In parallel, and for comparison purposes, the finite element model built by the authors in previous works has been also adapted to include the preload in the balls. Both models, theoretical and FE, assess in complete agreement the increase of the stiffness with the preload level; the results show that the static load‐carrying capacity does not vary appreciably with the usual values adopted for the preload. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Two mode Mindlin–Herrmann rod solution based on modified couple stress theory
Authors: Güven U.
Published: August 2013

In this work, the classical two mode Mindlin–Herrmann rod model is extended by using the modified couple stress theory having the single internal length scale parameter to investigate the propagation of the longitudinal stress waves along a nanorod. This analysis also contains the single mode Rayleigh Bishop rod solution based on the modified couple stress theory. Comparative results for the classical Mindlin–Herrmann and the single mode Rayleigh–Bishop rod models based on the modified couple stress theory are presented and discussed. The present analysis shows that Mindlin–Herrmann rod model is influenced significantly by the internal length scale parameter.
A non supersymmetric SO(10) grand unified model for all the physics below M
GUT
Authors: Altarelli Guido , Meloni Davide
Published: August 2013

Abstract

We present a renormalizable non supersymmetric Grand Unified SO(10) model which, at the price of a large fine tuning, is compatible with all compelling phenomenological requirements below the unification scale and thus realizes a minimal extension of the SM, unified in SO(10) and describing all known physics below M
GUT. These requirements include coupling unification at a large enough scale to be compatible with the bounds on proton decay; a Yukawa sector in agreement with all the data on quark and lepton masses and mixings and with leptogenesis as the origin of the baryon asymmetry of the Universe; an axion arising from the Higgs sector of the model, suitable to solve the strong CP problem and to account for the observed amount of Dark Matter. The above constraints imposed by the data are very stringent and single out a particular breaking chain with the Pati-Salam group at an intermediate scale M
I ~ 1011 GeV.
Religious Congregations and Social Justice Participation: A Multilevel Examination of Social Processes and Leadership
Authors: Houston Jaclyn D. , Todd Nathan R.
Published: August 2013

Religious congregations have potential to be mediating structures for social justice participation. However, research has yet to examine the specific social processes or leadership characteristics within congregations that may promote social justice participation. In this study, we use data from 176,901 participants nested within 1,938 congregations to test how social processes (i.e., religious attendance at worship services, extra‐worship participation, bonding social capital, a congregational norm for justice) and leadership characteristics (i.e., leader modeling of justice, horizontal leadership style) predict personal social justice involvement through the congregation (i.e., participation in social justice activities sponsored by the congregation) as well as personal social justice involvement outside the congregation (i.e., participation in social justice activities not sponsored by the congregation). We use multilevel logistic regression to examine these social processes and leadership characteristics at both individual and congregational levels of analysis. Results showed distinct patterns of associations at individual and congregational levels of analysis and that different social processes and leadership characteristics predicted personal social justice participation through or outside the congregation. These findings reveal the importance of social processes and leadership characteristics in understanding how congregations may mediate social justice participation. Implications for community psychology research and practiced also are discussed.
Armies of Empire
Authors: Converse Allan
Published: August 2013

Armies of Empire uniquely reflects upon the experience of two divisions from different armies facing similar challenges in the Second World War. The 9th Australian Division and the British 50th (Northumbrian) Division both saw long service and suffered heavy casualties, and both encountered morale, discipline and battlefield effectiveness problems. In this illuminating, comparative study of Australian and British divisions at war, Allan Converse draws extensively on primary sources as well as recent scholarship on morale and combat efficiency. His fresh approach questions the popular mythology surrounding the Australian Digger and the British Tommy, and shows how it was a combination of leadership, loyalty and tactics, rather than intrinsic national qualities, which resulted in victory for Churchill's armies.
Evening's Empire
Authors: Koslofsky Craig
Published: August 2013

What does it mean to write a history of the night? Evening's Empire is a fascinating study of the myriad ways in which early modern people understood, experienced, and transformed the night. Using diaries, letters, and legal records together with representations of the night in early modern religion, literature and art, Craig Koslofsky opens up an entirely new perspective on early modern Europe. He shows how princes, courtiers, burghers and common people 'nocturnalized' political expression, the public sphere and the use of daily time. Fear of the night was now mingled with improved opportunities for labour and leisure: the modern night was beginning to assume its characteristic shape. Evening's Empire takes the evocative history of the night into early modern politics, culture and society, revealing its importance to key themes from witchcraft, piety, and gender to colonization, race, and the Enlightenment.
Performance at the Limit
Authors: Jenkins Mark , Pasternak Ken , West Richard
Published: August 2013

Can you imagine your organisation as a Ferrari or a McLaren, a Toyota or a Force India? Your management team as a pit crew? Your sales force as the race team and your marketing and research department as the design studio creating a Formula 1 car? Formula 1 has an estimated turnover of $4bn, employs 50,000 people in more than 30 countries and has a foothold in every major and developing economy. With performance as the central focus of every organization, Performance at the Limit uses the case of Formula 1 motorsport as an example of how business can achieve optimal performance in highly competitive environments where dealing with change effectively is paramount. This second edition builds on the success of the first and contains a wealth of new material, including many more interviews with Formula 1 drivers and other key executives active in the sport.
Early Childhood Curriculum
Authors: McLachlan Claire , Fleer Marilyn , Edwards Susan
Published: August 2013

The second edition of Early Childhood Curriculum provides a comprehensive and lively introduction to curriculum theories, approaches and issues in early childhood settings. Drawing on contemporary research and case studies, the book employs a cultural-historical framework to illustrate a variety of approaches to early childhood education. In this new edition there is an up-to-date coverage of national curriculum documents, including the Early Years Framework and Te Whariki, a glossary of key terms and learning intentions at the beginning of each chapter. There is also an updated companion website at www.cambridge.edu.au/academic/earlychildhood. In each chapter, hypothetical transcripts and real-world examples help bring theory to life. The book explores specific domain areas, including science and mathematics; literacy and language; information and communication technology; the arts; and health and well-being. Early Childhood Curriculum equips pre-service teachers with the practical skills and tools to promote young children's learning. It is an essential resource for pre-service teachers and practitioners alike.
Deep Earthquakes
Authors: Frohlich Cliff
Published: August 2013

Deep earthquakes (earthquakes with origins deeper than 60 km) are of scientific importance and account for approximately one-quarter of all earthquakes. They are occasionally very large and damaging yet provide much of the data that constrain our knowledge of Earth structure and dynamics. This book opens with an explanation of what deep earthquakes are, their significance to science and how they were first discovered. Later chapters provide a description of deep earthquake distribution and clustering in both time and space; a review of observations about source properties; and a discussion of theories for the origin of deep earthquakes. The book concludes with a comprehensive literature review of terrestrial and lunar deep seismicity. Deep Earthquakes presents a comprehensive, topical, historical, and geographical summary of deep earthquakes and related phenomena. It will be of considerable interest to researchers and graduate students in the fields of earthquake seismology and deep Earth structure.
Hierarchical Capitalism in Latin America
Authors: Schneider Ben Ross
Published: August 2013

This book argues that Latin America has a distinctive, enduring form of hierarchical capitalism characterized by multinational corporations, diversified business groups, low skills and segmented labor markets. Over time, institutional complementarities knit features of corporate governance and labor markets together and thus contribute to institutional resiliency. Political systems generally favored elites and insiders who further reinforced existing institutions and complementarities. Hierarchical capitalism has not promoted rising productivity, good jobs or equitable development, and the efficacy of development strategies to promote these outcomes depends on tackling negative institutional complementarities. This book is intended to open a new debate on the nature of capitalism in Latin America and link that discussion to related research on comparative capitalism in other parts of the world.
International Law and the Arctic
Authors: Byers Michael
Published: August 2013

Climate change and rising oil prices have thrust the Arctic to the top of the foreign policy agenda and raised difficult issues of sovereignty, security and environmental protection. Improved access for shipping and resource development is leading to new international rules on safety, pollution prevention and emergency response. Around the Arctic, maritime boundary disputes are being negotiated and resolved, and new international institutions, such as the Arctic Council, are mediating deep-rooted tensions between Russia and NATO and between nation states and indigenous peoples. International Law and the Arctic explains these developments and reveals a strong trend towards international cooperation and law-making. It thus contradicts the widespread misconception that the Arctic is an unregulated zone of potential conflict.
A Personal Record
Authors: Conrad Joseph
Published: August 2013

Serialized in Ford Madox Ford's English Review in 1908–9, A Personal Record (1912) both documents and fictionalizes Conrad's early life and the opening stages of his careers as a writer and as a seaman. It is also an artistic and political manifesto. This volume provides the most accurate and scholarly edition available. Mistakes introduced by typists and earlier publishers have been corrected to present the text as Conrad intended it. The introduction traces Conrad's sources and gives the history of writing and reception. The essay on the text and the apparatus set out the textual history. The notes explain literary and historical references, identify places, and gloss foreign terms. Four maps and a genealogical table supplement this explanatory material. This edition of A Personal Record, established through modern textual scholarship, presents Conrad's reminiscences and the volume's two prefaces in forms more authoritative than any so far printed.
Maritime Networks in the Mycenaean World
Authors: Tartaron Thomas F.
Published: August 2013

In this book, Thomas F. Tartaron presents a new and original reassessment of the maritime world of the Mycenaean Greeks of the Late Bronze Age. By all accounts a seafaring people, they enjoyed maritime connections with peoples as distant as Egypt and Sicily. These long-distance relations have been celebrated and much studied; by contrast, the vibrant worlds of local maritime interaction and exploitation of the sea have been virtually ignored. Dr Tartaron argues that local maritime networks, in the form of 'coastscapes' and 'small worlds', are far more representative of the true fabric of Mycenaean life. He offers a complete template of conceptual and methodological tools for recovering small worlds and the communities that inhabited them. Combining archaeological, geoarchaeological and anthropological approaches with ancient texts and network theory, he demonstrates the application of this scheme in several case studies. This book presents new perspectives and challenges for all archaeologists with interests in maritime connectivity.
The Material World of Ancient Egypt
Authors: Peck William H.
Published: August 2013

The Material World of Ancient Egypt examines the objects and artifacts, the representations in art, and the examples of documentation that together reveal the day-to-day physical substance of life in ancient Egypt. This book investigates how people dressed, what they ate, the houses they built, the games they played, and the tools they used, among many other aspects of daily life, paying great attention to the change and development of each area within the conservative Egyptian society. More than any other ancient civilization, the ancient Egyptians have left us with a wealth of evidence about their daily lives in the form of perishable objects, from leather sandals to feather fans, detailed depictions of trades and crafts on the walls of tombs, and a wide range of documentary evidence from temple inventories to personal laundry lists. Drawing on these diverse sources and richly illustrating his account with nearly one hundred images, William H. Peck illuminates the culture of the ancient Egyptians from the standpoint of the basic materials they employed to make life possible and perhaps even enjoyable.
Fr. Rogeri Bacon Opera quædam hactenus inedita
Authors: Bacon Roger
Published: August 2013

The Franciscan Roger Bacon (c.1214–92?) was one of the most significant intellectuals of the thirteenth century. His most important work was the Opus Majus of 1267 (also available in this series). The works included in this volume, edited by J. S. Brewer, had not previously been published, and only one volume of the unpublished works ever appeared, because of Brewer's other commitments. The Opus Minus was a précis of the larger work, written at the same time. The Opus Tertium, written the following year, was Bacon's attempt to cover topics which he felt had been omitted, or inadequately explained, in the previous versions; it also includes autobiographical information. Neither the Opus Minus or Opus Tertium survive in their entirety, but Brewer includes all the parts known in 1859. The Compendium Philosophiae deals with Bacon's wide-ranging intellectual interests in all aspects of medieval scholarship.
Liber de Illustribus Henricis
Authors: Capgrave John
Published: August 2013

John Capgrave (1393–1464) was the Prior of Bishop's Lynn, and the most learned Augustinian friar of his time. Although he was the author of forty-one scholarly works, only twelve survive. This work was dedicated to King Henry VI and chronicles the lives of other great Henries, including six emperors of Germany and six kings of England (including the dedicatee himself). Largely compilations of other sources, his extensive accounts demonstrate the breadth of the scholarship for which he was known. This annotated edition was commissioned as part of the Rolls Series, a project designed, in an early campaign for ease of access to scholarly material, to put more historical sources into print. Edited by F. C. Hingeston and first published in 1858, it includes Capgrave's full Latin text and a glossary, thorough biographical notes, and chapter-by-chapter summaries, offering a useful resource for students of medieval history.
Creativity and Crime
Authors: Cropley David H. , Cropley Arthur J.
Published: August 2013

Creativity is typically perceived to be a positive, constructive attribute and yet, highly effective, novel crimes are committed which illustrate that creativity can also be utilised to serve a darker and more destructive end. But how can these 'creative criminals' be stopped? Adopting a psychological approach, renowned subject experts Cropley and Cropley draw upon concepts such as 'Person,' 'Process', 'Press' and 'Product' to explain how existing psychological theories of creativity can be applied to a more subtle subset of ingenuity; that is to say criminal behaviour and its consequences. Creativity and Crime does not look at felony involving impulsive, reflexive or merely deviant behaviour, but rather the novel and resourceful measures employed by criminals to more effectively achieve their lawbreaking goals. The book transcends the link between crime and creativity, and proposes a range of preventative measures for law enforcers. Scholars and graduates alike will find this an invaluable and illuminating read.
Flatland
Authors: Abbott Edwin A. , Lindgren William F. , Banchoff Thomas F.
Published: August 2013

Flatland, Edwin Abbott's story of a two-dimensional universe, as told by one of its inhabitants who is introduced to the mysteries of three-dimensional space, has enjoyed an enduring popularity from the time of its publication in 1884. This fully annotated edition enables the modern-day reader to understand and appreciate the many 'dimensions' of this classic satire. Mathematical notes and illustrations enhance the usefulness of Flatland as an elementary introduction to higher-dimensional geometry. Historical notes show connections to late-Victorian England and to classical Greece. Citations from Abbott's other writings as well as the works of Plato and Aristotle serve to interpret the text. Commentary on language and literary style includes numerous definitions of obscure words. An appendix gives a comprehensive account of the life and work of Flatland's remarkable author.
Recueil des chroniques et anchiennes istories de la Grant Bretaigne, à present nommé Engleterre
Authors: Wavrin Jean de
Published: August 2013

Part of the Rolls Series of publications of historical documents, this five-volume collection, originally compiled in the fifteenth century, is the first history of England of this magnitude, spanning almost two millennia. It is the work of French knight Jean de Wavrin (c.1400–c.1473), a chronicler under Philip the Good and Charles the Bold, Dukes of Burgundy. Wavrin participated in several military expeditions, including some under the English banner, and was keen to keep the kingdom as an ally. The editor, archivist and antiquarian Sir William Hardy (1807–87), points out that Wavrin selected the best-known oral and written materials and added his own first-hand observations to tell a fascinating story with a profusion of details. Volume 2, published in 1868, covers the reigns of Henry IV and Henry V.