bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Climatological Factors on the Multifaceted and Multisystemic Deficiencies of Building Anatomy
Authors: Mydin Md Azree Othuman , Sarpin Norliana , Mohd Zainol Rosmiza , Odeh Ruba , Mohd Nawi Mohd Nasrun
Published: August 2024

The construction industry has long been a significant area of human endeavour, and environmental degradation has been recognised as a specific factor contributing to defects in buildings. Defects in building can be multi-faceted and multi-systemic. Considerable focus has been placed on the possibility of mitigating the effect of climate change by decreasing human-caused emissions of greenhouse gases. Nevertheless, it is also acknowledged that built environments will be vulnerable to some effects of environmental degradation. The durability of buildings worldwide differs significantly, although it is generally expected that buildings ought to possess a lifespan of several decades. The process of weathering causes the deterioration of building materials, which, if not addressed, can result in an accelerated rate and potentially more severe deterioration. Modifications to maintenance schedules could accommodate slight alterations to the rate of degradation. Nevertheless, in order to achieve substantial enhancements in the pace of degradation, it may be necessary to make changes. On a global scale, the occurrence of any novel degradation mechanisms seems improbable. Yet, sometime in the future, earlier inconsequential issues may begin to assume importance at the local scale, due to a dearth in regional expertise or awareness. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the influence of climatological factors on defects in buildings. The findings revealed that the primary causes of damage resulting from climate were moisture, fungal growth, mold, blistering, and corrosion. The problems originated from several factors like rain, condensation, atmospheric moisture, water leakage, humidity, high temperatures, UV radiation, dampness, oxygen, salt, and acids.
ESG Implementation in Modern Business Oriented Towards Sustainable Management
Authors: WIDIA Elli , WIBISONO Chablullah
Published: August 2024

This research aims to understand how ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) implementation strategies can be optimized to improve the company's financial performance and long-term value. In addition, this research identifies the main obstacles that companies face in adopting and integrating ESG principles into their business strategies, especially in the current context of globalization and market complexity. This research also analyzes the influence of ESG implementation on a company's reputation and image in the eyes of stakeholders, including investors, consumers and the wider community. The research results show that effective ESG implementation can reduce operational risks, increase efficiency, and attract sustainable investment, ultimately strengthening a company's competitiveness. However, challenges such as measurement difficulties, implementation costs, and pressure from stakeholders remain obstacles that must be overcome. Successful ESG integration can create long-term, sustainable value for a company and its stakeholders.
Examination of sequence variations in partial mitochondrial 12S gene amongst damselfish species as references for DNA barcoding
Authors: Yamamoto Takumi , Tachihara Katsunori , Toda Mamoru
Published: August 2024

Accurate species identification, based on DNA barcoding, can be achieved when sufficient sequence variations are present amongst species in the sampled marker. In general, the ability to discriminate species decreases with shorter sequences; however, shorter regions have a merit in amplification success by the polymerase chain reaction. In either case, it is important to investigate sequence variations amongst species before barcoding to understand its reliability and limitations. In this study, we investigate how accurately short, but hypervariable portion of the mitochondrial 12S ribosomal RNA (12S) gene (MiFish region with approximately 180 bp) is used to identify each species in diversified pomacentrid fishes compared with the longer region of the same gene (approximately 750 bp). We prepared three datasets with 301 sequences of the MiFish region for 150 species, the same 301 of sequences of the longer 12S region and 476 sequences of the MiFish region for 183 species. Neighbour-joining (NJ) analyses and genetic distance analyses revealed several indistinguishable pairs of species in these DNA regions. Although the number of such pairs was larger in the MiFish region, 83.6% (153 of 183) of species possessed respective unique sequences even in the MiFish region (versus 96.0% [144 of 150 species] in the longer 12S region). A part of indistinguishable pairs of species might have caused by mitochondrial DNA introgressions and taxonomically unresolved problems. Our analysis clarified the effectiveness and limitations of species identification using DNA barcoding for Pomacentridae and the sequences we provided here contribute to the expansion of references for pomacentrid mitochondrial 12S sequences.
New data on trophic associations of dung beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae) and lemurs (Primates, Lemuroidea) in Madagascar revealed by metabarcoding
Authors: Frolov Andrey , Vishnevskaya Maria , Viljanen Heidi , Montreuil Olivier , Akhmetova Lilia
Published: August 2024

Resource use and diet specialisation of Madagascan dung beetles have been little studied especially concerning the possible associations between specific dung beetle and lemur species. Pilot studies have demonstrated that amplicon sequencing is a promising tool for the lemur inventories. In the present contribution, we report the results of the gut content analysis of three endemic Madagascan dung beetles species: Helictopleurus clouei (Harold), Epilissus apotolamproides (Lebis) and Nanos dubitatus (Lebis). Amplicon metagenomics revealed trophic associations of these species with Eulemur sanfordi (Archbold), Eu. fulvus (É.Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire) and Cheirogaleus crossleyi (Grandidier), respectively. The reads of other mammal species, revealed by the analysis, including putative contaminations, are discussed.
New records and revised distribution of tiger beetles in China (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae)
Authors: Wang Ke-Yi , Boetzl Fabian A. , Wiesner Jürgen , Li Cheng-De
Published: August 2024

Based on the examination of specimens housed in several scientific collections, we expand the known tiger beetle fauna of China, and eight species are recorded from China for the first time. The occurrence of Cicindela (Cicindela) sachalinensis raddei Morawitz, 1863 in Shanxi Province, and Neocollyris (Neocollyris) saphyrina (Chaudoir, 1850) in China are re-established. We provide distribution maps and habitus photographs of examined specimens for the newly recorded and revised species. We also discuss potential research hotspots for future taxonomic studies of tiger beetles in China.
Assessing the Influence of a High School Environmental Project on Teacher Readiness Across Borders
Authors: Nahar Lizoon
Published: August 2024

The educational system should cultivate a generation committed to environmental stewardship and equipped to combat climate change. While individuals of all ages can glean knowledge about climate issues from media sources, educators hold a unique capacity to instill environmental literacy in their students who need adequate preparation and support. This research utilized an unstructured direct observation method to explore the impact of an environmental initiative on empowering educators involving 15 high school teachers and 150 students from the USA, India, and Bangladesh. Data analysis was conducted through the lens of the Environmental Education Strategies Framework developed by Monroe et al. The findings indicated that effective strategies for conveying information and building understanding supported teachers in empowering students with improved skills to conduct sustainable actions. This chapter also highlights the challenges faced by the coordination team for project execution and shares recommendations for all stakeholders for future planning.
Using the Integrative Learning Process to Enhance Competencies for Sustainable Development
Authors: Chaisri Rungarun Rojrattanadamrong
Published: August 2024

This study aims to develop competencies for sustainable development and create corresponding indicators designed to address the current conditions, to study desirable conditions in accordance with the concept of the whole-school approach, to develop innovations and assess the effectiveness of the integrative learning process to enhance competencies for sustainable development. It also aims to propose education management strategies for sustainable development. The study's findings were developing competencies for sustainable development and indicators and dividing them into eight competencies. The study on the students' current conditions revealed average competencies (x̅ = 3.73, SD = 1.34) regarding the desirable conditions of competencies. Students' overall wishes were at the highest level (x̅ = 4.68, SD = 0.67). The integrative learning process consisted of four steps. The impoverished students had at least 70% of the competencies for sustainable development in each cycle. Recommendations on education management strategies for sustainable development consisted of four strategies.
Fostering Environmental Consciousness Through Multimodal Strategies in Undergraduate English Literature and Composition Courses in Algeria and the USA
Authors: Tayem Nada , Zahra Bessedik Fatima
Published: August 2024

This chapter is a reflective teaching experience of incorporating multimodal strategies in English literature and composition writing courses to undergraduate students at Algerian and American universities. What this chapter primarily aspires to do, particularly, is to outline an account on how the teaching of different fiction, nonfiction, and poetry, such as Romantic poetry by William Wordsworth and Modernist poetry by by T.S. Eliot, fosters a conscious interest in the natural environment and its crises. The instructors propose the inclusion of a variety of multimodal texts on the environment to allow students to better understand environmental related issues such as climate change and drought. This chapter will reflect on the teaching experiences of two instructors from different locations and include the course design employed in the teaching of different forms of literature. The chapter also provides the selected texts and the instructors' teaching recommendations.
Linking With Technology in the Education and Adaptation Processes of Refugee Children
Authors: Engin Kübra , Budak Kadriye Selin , Polat Emine Bozkurt , Bölükbaş Feyza Aydin , Ulutaş İlkay
Published: August 2024

In this section, the needs of refugee children are discussed within the framework of Maslow's hierarchy and family systems theory, and explanations of children's participation in educational processes, the use of technology in educational processes, and teacher guidance are given. In addition, the study aims to determine the knowledge, awareness, and experiences of preschool teachers in Turkey about integrating technology into education in classrooms for refugee children. In this direction, the teacher interview form on technology integration into activities with refugee children in early childhood was developed by the researchers, and the current situation was revealed by interviewing preschool teachers working with refugee children. As a result of the research, it was seen that refugee children in Turkey have problems with language and communication, adaptation and behavior problems, self-care skills, and cultural differences. It was found that teachers used language translation programs and technology-assisted instruction to solve these problems and made arrangements such as making extra explanations for refugee children in the context of language and culture, using Arabic materials, and speaking English. It was stated that technology integration was beneficial for refugee children in terms of easier language acquisition. "easier instruction, more adaptability and motivation, and faster learning, and it was emphasized that it provided equal opportunities with Turkish children.
Leveling the Language Field
Authors: Bravo Palomares Silvia María
Published: August 2024

Nowadays, artificial intelligence (AI) has become a prevalent topic across the globe, particularly in academic institutions, as it has the potential to transform the teaching and learning process. Nonetheless, the emergence of AI also presents challenges that need to be addressed. This study delves into the role of AI in higher education, specifically in English as a foreign language (EFL) classrooms. The aim is to explore how AI tools affect learning experiences in this context. To that end, the research follows a qualitative approach, including semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire with students and teachers to gain insights into the influence of AI in EFL settings. Through a thematic analysis, the implications of AI in higher education were assessed. It is anticipated that the findings will provide new avenues for future research, shedding light on how the integration of AI could help level the language playing field.
Exploring Students' Perceptions of Online EAP Writing Courses in the EMI Context in Mainland China
Authors: Wang Luyue , Zou Bin , Wang Chenghao
Published: August 2024

Proficiency in writing is vital for EAP education. The COVID-19 pandemic prompted a shift from traditional classrooms to online platforms, leading higher education institutions to adapt their EAP courses accordingly. As students' perceptions and attitudes towards learning methods can significantly affect their effectiveness in acquiring knowledge, it is imperative to understand their perceptions of online EAP writing courses. This study, using surveys and interviews, revealed varied student reactions to online EAP courses. While online learning offers flexibility, it faces challenges including diminished motivation, lack of engagement, and limited interaction. Student satisfaction was linked to factors such as engagement, learning environment, instructor presence, and technology use. Moreover, structured online forums were found useful in enhancing critical thinking. Finally, the study offered three recommendations for the future development of online EAP instruction.
Pedagogical Strategies for Developing Digital Literacy
Authors: Parveen Amina , Bashir Fazila , Nazir Aamir , Zimik Phayaola N. , Jan Shazia
Published: August 2024

In a technologically advanced world, it is crucial to equip pupils who possess the understanding and skills they must use the digital world responsibly. This chapter examines a holistic approach for cultivating digital literacy skills in students by employing innovative pedagogical strategies. The proposed strategies include practical applications, an interactive learning platform, critical thinking development, cyber security awareness, multimedia integration, continuous assessment, adaptive learning paths, global perspectives, ethical considerations, professional development for educators, and involvement from the community. By addressing these issues, educators can create an environment for learning that prepares preparing pupils for the digital age presents both opportunities and challenges, stresses the significance of developing not only technical proficiency, but also ethical responsibility, critical evaluation, and a global viewpoint in the pursuit of knowledge of digital media.
An Overview on Shadow Education Among Cities and Rural Areas in Tamil Nadu
Authors: Nagaram Nagadevi Bala , Rathinam Narmada Devi , Mohan Kala Raja , Kumaravel Sathish Kumar , Murugesan Regan
Published: August 2024

Shadow education, often manifesting as private tutoring or coaching, has become an integral part of the educational ecosystem. The goal of the study is to identify the variables that contribute to the high academic aspirations and intense competition in urban areas which promote the demand for shadow education. It also examines the difficulties that rural communities face, such as the lack of access to high-quality education and the influence of socioeconomic variables on the cost of private tutoring. The study also considers the influence of technology, governmental initiatives, and potential regulatory measures on the evolving nature of shadow education in Tamil Nadu. Economic constraints in rural areas may limit the affordability of private tutoring for many families. The rise of online learning platforms has made educational resources more accessible to students in both urban and rural areas. This study offers an in-depth look that sheds light on the subtle differences of urban and rural students in the area, offering valuable insight into the educational landscape.
Towards a Connected CLIL Research Agenda
Authors: Hu Hengzhi , Zhang Lu
Published: August 2024

This chapter presents a connected content and language integrated learning (CLIL) research agenda that seeks to address and justify critical areas previously under-investigated in the field. By venturing beyond conventional boundaries, the authors advocate for a comprehensive exploration of CLIL, including investigating the principles underlying content-based foreign language programmes, involving a broader range of stakeholders in CLIL research, understanding CLIL across different types of education, examining foreign language learning beyond English, delving into CLIL programme and curriculum development, exploring the potential of technology-enhanced CLIL, focusing on CLIL research in non-Western countries and regions through comparative studies, establishing a localised research agenda that considers contextual factors, and enriching the methodological landscape of CLIL. Emphasising the significance of these interconnected areas, this chapter aims to redefine and enrich the CLIL research landscape, promoting inclusive and effective language learning practices for the future.
The Emotional Side of Language Teaching
Authors: Ipek Hulya
Published: August 2024

The wellbeing of students and teachers has been widely accepted with a greater emphasis on student wellbeing. This chapter delves into the wellbeing of language teachers. Teacher wellbeing can be affected, positively or negatively, by various factors. It is important to be aware of these factors both for language teachers and the institutions, because the wellbeing of the teacher has a profound effect on learner wellbeing and progress. Factors that affect wellbeing will be outlined, referencing various studies with language teachers and prospective language teachers. Suggestions on how to nurture teacher wellbeing will be provided based on the literature.
Understanding Large Language Models
Authors: Sreerakuvandana Sreerakuvandana , Pappachan Princy , Arya Varsha
Published: August 2024

Large language models (LLMs) are a revolutionary development that allows machines to comprehend and produce text, similar to that of humans on a never-before-seen scale. This chapter examines the basic ideas underlying LLMs with an emphasis on their applications, training approaches, and architecture. Deep neural networks with billions of parameters are used by LLMs, such as the GPT-3 model, to capture complex linguistic patterns and contextual subtleties. Massive datasets, frequently drawn from a variety of online sources, are used in the training process to impart a thorough understanding of language. Consequently, LLMs show remarkable abilities in tasks like question answering, language translation, and text generation. Issues like bias, ethical issues, and interpretability thus become important concerns. So, this chapter outlines the main elements of LLMs, discusses their advantages, reviews current research, and addresses the ethical issues surrounding their application.
Regulatory and Policy Considerations for Large Language Models
Authors: Gaurav Akshat , Gupta Brij B. , Wu Jinsong , Chaurasia Priyanka
Published: August 2024

This chapter provides insights into the complex domain of regulatory and policy issues in artificial intelligence. It covers critical global aspects of AI regulation before diving into the thin line of innovation and ethics. First, the chapter reviews the most important international and global players and how they frame the regulatory context. Sources also present comparisons of the relevant regulatory authorities and their empowerment in the European Union, United States, and China. Further, the chapter discusses the critical aspect of the balance between innovation and ethics. The last aspect offers insights into different ethical frameworks and the challenges of responsible development of AI. Finally, the chapter outlines the most important case studies of national and international AI hearings and policies.
Cybersecurity Fundamentals
Authors: Firmansyah Boy
Published: August 2024

In today's interconnected digital landscape, cybersecurity has become paramount to safeguarding sensitive information and digital assets. This abstract explores the fundamental principles of cybersecurity, highlighting its importance, key concepts, and best practices. Cybersecurity encompasses various measures and strategies aimed at protecting computers, networks, and data from unauthorized access, cyberattacks, and other malicious activities. Understanding the threats posed by cybercriminals, hackers, and other malicious actors is crucial for developing effective cybersecurity strategies. Key concepts in cybersecurity include authentication, encryption, access control, and threat detection. Authentication verifies the identity of users and devices accessing a system, while encryption scrambles data to prevent unauthorized access. Access control ensures that only authorized individuals or processes can access specific resources, reducing the risk of data breaches.
AI Safety and Security
Authors: Rahaman Mosiur , Pappachan Princy , Orozco Sheila Mae , Bansal Shavi , Arya Varsha
Published: August 2024

The chapter “AI Safety and Security” presents a comprehensive and multi-dimensional exploration, addressing the critical aspects of safety and security in the context of large language models. The chapter begins by identifying the risks and threats posed by LLMs, delving into vulnerabilities such as bias, misinformation, and unintended AI interactions, impacts like privacy concerns. Building on these identified risks, it then explores the strategies and methodologies for ensuring AI safety, focusing on principles like robustness, transparency, and accountability and discussing the challenges of implementing these safety measures. It concludes with an insight into long-term AI safety research, highlighting ongoing efforts and future directions to sustain AI system safety amidst rapid technological advancements and encouraging a collaborative approach among various stakeholders. By integrating perspectives from computer science, ethics, law, and social sciences, the chapter provides an insightful and comprehensive analysis of current and future challenges in AI safety and security.
Intrusion Detection and Analysis in IoT Devices Using Machine Learning Models
Authors: Jain Ankit Kumar , Kumari Pooja , Gupta Ritesh
Published: August 2024

This study proposes utilizing deep learning and machine learning techniques to identify network anomalies. The IoT-23 dataset serves as the basis for the analysis. The proposed approach models are designed to classify network flows as benign or assign them to one of the 11 labels in the dataset, as well as to differentiate between malicious and benign connections. Performance and time costs of various models are compared to determine the optimal algorithm for maximum performance in minimal time. This comparison identifies the better performing model with the least overhead cost for deployment on IoT devices, ensuring the security and privacy of users by blocking malicious connections. The experimental results show that decision tree offers maximum efficiency and the lowest overhead cost, making it suitable for use in IoT devices.
Quantum Networking-Empowered RFID Conveyor to Boat Systems
Authors: Gowtham M. , Jeeva B. , Nikelesh Prakash R. B. , Ramprasad M. , Tamil Nidhi M.
Published: August 2024

An automated method for transferring goods from land to sea utilizing a conveyor belt is discussed with quantum mechanism. In order to automate the loading process and ensure a smooth movement of items, the system makes use of conveyor technology along with an RFID identification system that identifies the specific goods that should be transferred to the specific boat. By optimizing the process, the technology guarantees precise cargo placement into the boat, which improves logistics efficiency in general networking using quantum communication. Because of its versatile design, the conveyor belt system can identify the specified loads to the concerned boat. The solution seeks to simplify and improve the dependability of product transportation operations. Its goal is to reduce human work and increase productivity. Offering a practical and efficient way to load cargo aboard boats, this strategy represents a potential improvement in marine logistics.
A Comparative Study and Analysis on ML Algorithm for Defective Package Detection System With Quantum Networking Integration
Authors: Poojashree K. , Meena S. , Celsiya C.
Published: August 2024

The comparative study on ML algorithms for defective package detection is a comparison between different algorithms to classify the package as damaged or intact. This project addresses the critical concern of managing product quality in the field of manufacturing production. The primary objective of this project is to deliver a non-defective package to the customer. To achieve this goal, machine learning utilizes classification algorithms like the decision tree algorithm, the random forest algorithm, and the logistic regression algorithm. Data is collected from Kaggle, and that data is used to train the model in JupyterLab in Python language to identify defective packages. This investigation yielded that the logistic regression algorithm is better than other algorithms. This is because the performance of the logistic regression algorithm is higher, and also the logistic regression algorithm is easy to understand and implement. Furthermore, integrating quantum networking into this system could enhance data security and processing speed, facilitating real-time defect detection and quality control in industrial settings.
How Streamers Enhance Consumer Engagement and Brand Equity in Live Commerce
Authors: Jiao Yongbing , Sarigöllü Emine , Lou Liguo , Jo Myung-soo
Published: August 2024

Live steamers play key roles in enhancing brand equity in live commerce. Understanding the mechanism of how streamers impact brand equity in live commerce is of great significance for firms to launch live streaming, influencer, and engagement marketing campaigns. Building on social support, consumer engagement and brand equity theories, this study investigates the impact of perceived streamer support on consumer engagement, which in turn affects brand equity in live commerce settings. Based upon analysis of the data from 264 questionnaires with SmartPLS3.0 software, the results demonstrate that 1) perceived emotional, informational and financial support positively impact brand engagement, streamer engagement and live studio engagement separately; 2) brand engagement and streamer engagement positively impact brand equity respectively; and 3) streamer engagement positively impacts brand engagement and live studio engagement respectively. The findings provide conducive guidance for firms to develop live streaming, influencer, and engagement marketing campaigns.
A low-diverse Visean (Mississippian) cephalopod assemblage from the Dnipro-Donets Depression (Ukraine)
Authors: Dernov Vitaly
Published: August 2024

A small Visean cephalopod faunule from the Dnipro-Donets Depression (NE Ukraine) consisting of the nautiloids Brachycycloceras scalare, Br. cf. normale, ?Phacoceras sp., Catastroboceras sp., and the ammonoid Anthracoceras sp. is described. The surfaces of some cephalopod conchs examined bear the trace fossils Cyclopuncta girtyi and Talpina isp., as well as a possible ventral bite mark. Macroborings may indicate a prolonged postmortem exposure of cephalopod conchs on the seafloor surface as a hard substrate or, more likely, in a drifting state. The similar taxonomic composition of the Visean cephalopod assemblage indicates an unhindered connection between the Visean paleobasin of the Dnipro-Donets Depression and the paleobasins of modern Western Europe. Keywords: Visean, Carboniferous, paleoecology, taphonomy.
Temporal Analysis of Indian Female Participation and Achievements in International Sports Events
Authors: Anubhuti
Published: August 2024

This paper reviews the participation of Indian females in international sports over time. Despite representing about half of India’s population, female participation in sports, particularly at the international level, has been lower than desired. However, female athletes have achieved significant success in international competitions. The study analyzes the participation and achievements of Indian females in the Commonwealth Games, Asian Games, and Olympic Games. At the Rio Olympics in 2016, India had 120 participants, with 54 males and 66 females, making female representation 45%. At the Tokyo Olympics 2020, women made up 53 of the 121 participants, securing 3 out of India’s 7 medals (approximately 43%), including one silver and two bronze. The Tokyo Paralympics 2020 was India’s most successful, with 19 medals (5 – gold, 8 – silver, and 6 – bronze). Female athletes also excelled, with Bhavina Patel winning India’s first Paralympic medal in table tennis, and shooter Avani Lekhara becoming the first Indian woman to win a gold medal and multiple medals in the Paralympics. The analysis shows that sports like archery and badminton have higher female participation, while athletics, golf, shooting, and wrestling have more male participants. There is no female representation in judo, rowing, and boxing, and no male representation in gymnastics.
Designing and Testing Compression Vibratory Combination Device for Lower Limb Lymphedema: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Denisha D. Radadia , Nidhi S. Ved
Published: August 2024

Context:

Lymphedema is marked by an excessive build-up of fluid that contains protein. It may develop as a primary condition or become secondary. The intricacy of compression devices has increased even further, enabling digital programming to replicate manual lymphatic drainage techniques and encourage fluid removal. However, the effectiveness of the compression device and supporting data are inadequate. The compression device retained less fluid. Therefore, it is necessary to create a combination device that offers vibration therapy in addition to compression therapy for drainage.

Aim:

Designing and testing compression vibratory combination device for lower limb lymphedema.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 30 subjects were divided into two groups, with the experimental group receiving the combination device along with regular physiotherapy, while the control group only received regular physiotherapy for 4 weeks. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were used for assessment eligibility. Patients completed informed concerns before testing. After 4 weeks, girth measurement was taken at mid-foot, mid-calf, and mid-thigh as an outcome measure.

Results:

Data normality was confirmed using the Shapiro–Wilk test, indicating parametric data. Paired t-tests were used for intragroup analysis, showing significant improvement in girth measurements at mid-foot, mid-calf, and mid-thigh. Unpaired t-tests were used for intergroup analysis which showed both groups to be effective, but with no statistical difference.

Conclusion:

The present study concluded that compression vibratory combination devices and regular physiotherapy treatment sessions showed marked improvement in girth measurement at mid-foot, mid-calf, and mid-thigh among lower limb lymphedema patients, but the improvement was not statistically significant. Therefore, further study needs to be done.
Homogenization of elliptic and parabolic equations with periodic coefficients in a bounded domain under the Neumann condition
Authors: Suslina Tatiana Aleksandrovna
Published: August 2024

Let $\mathcal{O}\subset\mathbb{R}^d$ be a bounded domain of class $C^{1,1}$. In $L_2(\mathcal{O};\mathbb{C}^n)$, we consider a selfadjoint matrix elliptic second-order differential operator $B_{N,\varepsilon}$, $0<\varepsilon\leqslant1$, with the Neumann boundary condition. The principal part of this operator is given in a factorized form. The operator involves first-order and zero-order terms. The coefficients of $B_{N,\varepsilon}$ are periodic and depend on $\mathbf{x}/\varepsilon$. We study the generalized resolvent $(B_{N,\varepsilon}-\zeta Q_0( {\cdot} /\varepsilon))^{-1}$, where $Q_0$ is a periodic bounded and positive definite matrix-valued function, and $\zeta$ is a complex-valued parameter. We obtain approximations for the generalized resolvent in the operator norm
on $L_2(\mathcal{O};\mathbb{C}^n)$ and in the norm of operators acting from $L_2(\mathcal{O};\mathbb{C}^n)$ to the Sobolev space $H^1(\mathcal{O};\mathbb{C}^n)$ with two-parametric error estimates (with respect to $\varepsilon$ and $\zeta$). The results are applied to study the behaviour of the solutions of the initial boundary value problem with the Neumann condition for the parabolic equation $Q_0(\mathbf{x}/\varepsilon) \partial_t \mathbf{u}_\varepsilon(\mathbf{x},t) = -(B_{N,\varepsilon} \mathbf{u}_\varepsilon)(\mathbf{x},t)$ in a cylinder $\mathcal{O} \times (0,T)$, where $0<T \le \infty$.
Response of macroinvertebrates functional feeding groups to agricultural activities in a rural river in North-Central Nigeria
Authors: Mohammed Yakubu Manbe , Mohammed Yakubu Manbe , Adamu Kabir Mohammed , Ibrahim Baba Usman , Danjuma Solomon
Published: August 2024

Freshwater bodies are being contaminated by the growing human population in many developing nations and one of the major contamination source is agricultural activities within the land used catchment. In this study the response of macroinvertebrates functional feeding group in response to agricultural activities in River Wanzum Niger state Nigeria was investigated. Four (4) sites were sampled base on anthropogenic impact in the river for a period of 24months (December 2021- November 2023). From the result of the physicochemical parameters measured, only turbidity and dissolved oxygen showed significant difference (p<0.05) between the sampling sites. All the physicochemical parameters measured in this study differs significantly (p<0.05) among the sampling months. A total of 2, 863 macroinvertebrates belonging to 33 families were identified. The family notonectidae was the most dominant taxa and the least dominant taxa were Teleganonidae and Hirudinidae. The macroinvertebrates were classified into shredders, collector-gatherers, collector-filterer, scraper and predators functional feeding group. There was significant difference (p<0.05) in abundance of the FFG as predators account for 72% abundance followed by scrappers 12%, collector-gatherer 8%, shredders 5% and the least FFG were the collector-filterer with 3% abundance in all the sampled sites. The CCA ordination plot has an eigen value of 0.047and 0.012 with 78.44% and 21.33% variance in dataset. The correlation between the functional feeding group and the physicochemical shows the shredders, collector-gatherer and collector-filterer were associated with site 1 and 4 which are the less perturbed station and were influenced by pH and dissolved oxygen. The scrapers were positively associated with CCA axis 2 which was influenced by temperature, depth, pH and nitrate in site 3 and the predators were negatively associated with CCA axis 2. Overall, this study shows that predators population increased with increased agricultural activities around river Wanzum.
Impact of fasting on the selected anthropometric and physiological parameters of young adults attending Federal College of Agricultural Produce Technology, Kano, Nigeria
Authors: Dawi A. W. , Tahir Z. H. , Adebiyi O.A. , Banigbe S. A. , Adejumo B. M. , Umar A. , Auwal H.D.
Published: August 2024

This study evaluate / investigate the impacts of Ramadan Kareem on the selected anthropometric index and physiological parameter of young adults attending FCAPT Kano. The anthropometric parameters were assessed using a measuring tape role, weighing scale, height role while the physiological parameters were measured using BP monitoring meter, blood pressure systolic, diastolic and pulse rate respectively. The results obtained among the students for pre-ramadan and post Ramadan fasting period shows that the weight obtained had a mean value (47.40±7.73) Pre-Ramadan and (44.13±7.96) Post Ramadan. BMI had a mean value at Pre-Ramadan (18.69±2.31), Post Ramadan (17.72±2.42), the results of Pectoral circumstance (cm) had a mean value at Pre-Ramadan (81.85 ± 5.75) and Post-Ramadan was (79.67±9.59), MUAC had a mean value (23.31 ± 2.29) during Pre-Ramadan and (22.75±3.02), Post-Ramadan. The results of waist circumference (cm) had a mean value of (68.37±8.96) during at Pre-Ramadan period and (67.65±8.92), during Post-Ramadan, the Hip circumference had a mean value of (87.47±8.96) in Pre-Ramadan period and the 88.12±8.13, in Post-Ramadan period. These findings showed that the thigh Circumference (cm) of the respondents had a mean value of 46.94±10.51 during Pre-Ramadan with a significant increase in the thigh circumference (48.72±13.44) during and Post-Ramadan, Waist to Hip Ratio of the respondent was significant at P<0.05 during pre and post ramadan with a mean value of 0.787±0.102 in Pre-Ramadan period and 0.744±0.065 in the Post-Ramadan respectively. The physiological parameters analyzed among the respondents during pre-ramadan period showed that the systolic blood pressure at Pre-Ramadan had a mean value of 113.54±14.63 and 106.18±22.02 during Post-Ramadan and the Diastolic blood pressure at Pre-Ramadan had a mean value of 74.46 ± 17.43, with a significant difference at P>0.05 which was higher than the results obtained during Post-Ramadan period with a mean value of 72.14±.20.49, the Pulse rate at Pre-Ramadan period had a mean value of 97.54±19.90 which was significantly higher than the results obtained in Post-Ramadan (91.00±15.38) period. Hence, it's important to note that individual variations exist, and these changes depend on personal habits and dietary choices. Therefore, monitoring and maintaining a balanced approach to diet and lifestyle are crucial during and after Ramadan. Consulting with a healthcare professional can provide personalized guidance for optimizing health during this period.
Lichen diversity, substrate preference and environmental dynamics as indicators of air quality
Authors: Okon Okon Godwin , Archibong Bright Frank , Antia Ukponobong Efiong , Rhouma Abdelhak , Okon Joseph Etim , Mbong Emem Okon , Ite Aniefiok Effiong , Bassey Hasadiah Okon
Published: August 2024

This study assessed the lichen diversity, and substrate growth preferences in a bid to determine the air quality in Ikot Oyoro, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. A total of eight (8) lichen species were found in the survey area, the species includes; Candelaria concolor and Hypogymnia physodes which had the highest number of occurrences, while Phlyctic argena was the most common species found in the survey area throughout the survey period (May – July 2023). The rest of the species (Graphis scripta, Hyperphyscia adglutinata, Cladionia ochrochlora, Flavopermelia caperata and Cladonia ochrochlora) were found in at least two (2) trees. For May; Nitrogen-sensitive species found were 43, while Nitrogen-tolerant had 262. In June, N-sensitive (41) and N-tolerant (1966). July recorded N-sensitive (74) and N-tolerant (1803). Elaeis guinensis was the predominant tree in the study area and the growth substrate for the lichen species found. Substrate pH ranged from 3.83 – 5.98 (acidic) while PM2.5 ranged from 8.10 – 32.2 for the 3 months of the survey. Lichen Indicator Score (LIS) shows the level of pollution in the survey area and at the end of the study period, LIS for May was 27.00, 235.00 for June and 218.25 for July which is greater than 1.25 in the Nitrogen Air Quality Index (NAQI) chart showing that the area is very N-polluted. In this study, lichens were used as reliable indicators to trace air pollution and it could be useful to combat the increasing anthropogenic disturbances in the study area.
Assessment of occupational dose level from conventional x-ray on personnel in Federal Medical Center, Jalingo Taraba State, Nigeria
Authors: Mohammed Musa , Musa Abubakar , Odoh E.O. , Yerima J.B.
Published: August 2024

Assessment of occupational dose level from conventional X-ray on personnel in Federal Medical Centre, Jalingo, waw measured and analysed . A total of twenty (20) personnel were monitored with the use of thermo-luminiscent dosimeters (TLDs) badges. Themo luminiscent dosimeter (TLD) badges made with Lithium Fluoride (LiF) material were worn at the upper left side of chest of the body for collection of radiation dose of the exposed personnel from six different categories of workers. These categories are: radiographers, dark room technicians, radiologist, cleaners, record staff and finance staff. The personnel were monitored using the TLDs badges for a period of thirty working days the badges were evaluated using TLD Reader available at Energy Research and Training Center, ABU Zaria, Nigeria. The results show that the dose received by the exposed workers range between 860μGy - 430μGy and the highest value of effective dose recorded was 7.44mSv/year and is been received by a radiographer. This means every worker recorded effective dose lower than 20mSv/year as recommended by ICRP. The results has also show that radiographers received the highest mean dose of 668.0μGy, followed by dark room technicians with 638.0μGy, then cleaners, record staff and finance staff recorded mean deep dose of 610 μGy, 580 μGy and 557 μGy respectively. The least mean dose goes to radiologist who received 430μGy. In addition, the skin dose obtained using TLD, showed that cleaners received the highest mean skin dose of (0.27) mGy, and the least is radiologists with (0.09) mGy. It is recommended that personnel monitoring should be carried out at least once a year to assess the risks associated with exposure to workers.
Evaluation of patient safety culture practice amongst pharmacy staff in secondary and tertiary Hospitals in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
Authors: Osarenmwinda Monday Ikponmwosa , Akpoavoere Vincent Omodunefe
Published: August 2024

Patient medical and medication safety is of paramount interest and one of the major goals of quality healthcare delivery system. The study evaluates patient safety culture amongst pharmacy staff in tertiary and secondary hospitals in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.Data was obtained by administering a validated patient safety questionnaire developed by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), AHRQ data and analytical tool and GraphPad Prism 6. Fisher’s exact tests were used to compare the items and composite measure results between UBTH and Central Hospital. A composite score of ≥ 75% was seen as areas of strength, while score of less than 50% indicates areas requiring improvement. The results were considered significant at P < 0.05. Teamwork had the highest positive responses for both healthcare facilities, with PSC scores of 84% and 95% respectively for UBTH and Central Hospital (P = 0.0192). Reporting patient safety errors, also shows a statistically significant difference (P = < 0.0001) and a positive score of (65%), and (23%) for UBTH and Central Hospital. Only Central hospital scored above 75% in areas of communication openness (81.3%), organization learning continuous improvement (78.3%), communication about errors (78.3%), and handoffs and information exchange (78.3%). The positive ratings of UBTH and Central Hospital were 58% and 75%, respectively.The overall patient safety culture practiced in both hospitals is obviously good. There is higher ‘teamwork’ amongst pharmacy staff in Central Hospital, while UBTH staff showed better patient ‘safety error reporting. The composite measure averages show that both healthcare facilities have the potential for improvement.
Impact of insecurity on crop productivity of rural women in Northeastern Nigeria
Authors: Moses J. D. , Ja'afar-Furo Muhammad R. , Ntasimda Shuwa
Published: August 2024

The study analysed the impact of insecurity on crop productivity of rural women in Northeastern Nigeria Purposive, multistage and random sampling methods were employed for the selection of 403 respondents in the study area. Data were collected from cross-sectional survey with the aid of well-structured questionnaires along with interviews. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics and the Structural Equation Model (SEM). The results revealed that a larger proportion (48.39%) of the women fell between 31 and 40 years, married (54.09%) with household size of 1-10 persons (45.16%). Also, 31.51% of respondents had an annual income of 110,000-200,000 naira. 52.00% had attained school ranging from primary to university level, 36.48% had the farming experience of 6-10. Further, the SEM showed that 1% increase in an attack by kidnapping, farmer-harder conflict and Boko haram led to a decrease in productivity by 89.00% 76.00% and 64.00%, respectively. Conclusively, the findings revealed that the productivity of rural women was significantly affected by insecurity in the study area. This study therefore, recommends that the government should provide up-to-date surveillance equipment, and appropriate training to ensure that security personnel are well-equipped to safeguard women farmers in the study area. This will require concerted efforts from government, Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs), community leaders, and other stakeholders to create conducive environment for sustainable agricultural productivity
Effects of chemical reaction and radiation absorption on unsteady MHD free convection flow of Jeffery fluid in vertical porous plate
Authors: Musa Mubarak , Haliru Aisha Abubakar , Mansur Hamza , Danjuma Yale Ibrahim
Published: August 2024

In this paper, the investigation on the unsteady MHD free convection flow of Jeffrey fluid in vertical porous plate with chemical reaction and Radiation absorption effects has been carried out.*The governing differential equations of the flow characteristics are evaluated analytically by adoption of the regular perturbation technique. The results obtained for the velocity, temperature and concentration were analysed. The effects of different physical parameters on the flow fields appear on the present situation such as Jeffrey fluid parameter (β), chemical reaction (Kr), Radiation absorption (D), Prandtl number (Pr), Schmidt number (Sc), thermal Grashof number (Gr), mass Grashof number (Gc), magnetic field (M), Heat sink (δ), were illustrated with the aid of graphs in detail. It has been pointed out the fluid velocity significantly deteriorates as the value of Grashof number (Gr), mass Grashof number (Gc), Jeffrey fluid parameter (β), increased, while the opposite trend is noticed for growing values of magnetic field parameter (M), chemical reaction (Kr), Prandtl number (Pr), Radiation absorption (R), Schmidt number (Sc) and Heat sink (δ), respectively.