bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Analysis of National Education policy 2020 and its Influence on Cross-Border Education Initiatives and Changing India's Global Educational Outlook
Authors: Gupta Ms. Anju
Published: March 2024

National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 signifies a significant turning point in the Indian education system, reminiscent of ancient centres of learning like Taxila and Nalanda. These historical institutions attracted scholars and students globally, reflecting India's rich tradition of education. In today's world, NEP-2020 paves the way for international collaboration, allowing the seamless exchange of students, faculty, and knowledge across borders. The policy outlines key initiatives to restore India's global educational reputation, positioning it as a viśvaguru once again. By embracing globalization in education, India can regain its esteemed status on the global stage. This research paper aims to comprehensively evaluate the positioning of India as a global education hub under the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020. The study will delve into the policy's impact on academic mobility, both inbound and outbound, and analyze its strategies for fostering international collaborations and partnerships. Additionally, the paper will scrutinize challenges and criticisms concerning the implementation of cross-border education initiatives outlined in NEP 2020. This research underscores the transformative impact of NEP-2020, emphasizing its role in reshaping India's global education landscape through cross-border initiatives.
New Education Policy: A Revolutionary Benchmark in Reforming Indian Education System
Authors: Arora Mr. Ishaan
Published: March 2024

The year 2020 has been an uncommon year for nations across the globe. In India, aside from Coronavirus, one of the significant changes that occurred was the improvement of the New Training Strategy (NEP) 2020. Time by time, different panels have prescribed to expand the distribution of the spending plan for schooling to 6% of the Gross domestic product, this has lead to the interests of scientists. This paper expects to distinguish the worries and focal point of NEP 2020. NEP-2020 is an imaginative and cutting edge proposition with both positive and negative viewpoints, outlined with the goal to give a quality school instruction and advanced education to everybody with an assumption for all encompassing and research-situated progress. This paper at first portrays an outline of NEP-2020, recognize the qualities and shortcoming of the arrangement at advanced education and exploration part, assessment of the execution ideas given in the approach, distinguishing and dissecting conceivable nonexclusive systems for execution of NEP-2020 to satisfy its targets in light of center gathering conversations. The paper additionally remembers numerous prescient recommendations for issues like creating quality colleges and universities, institutional rebuilding and solidification, more all encompassing and multidisciplinary instruction, ideal learning climate and understudy support, changing the administrative arrangement of advanced education, innovation utilization and joining, and on the web and computerized training. At long last, a few suggestions are made to execute the NEP2020 really regardless of different limitations.
Navigating the Past: The Historical Context of Property Rights in Hindu Women
Authors: Nehra Mr. Jaideep , Thalore Prof. Dilsikh
Published: March 2024

This research paper delves into the intricate historical trajectory of women's property rights, tracing their evolution from ancient civilizations to contemporary society. The concept of property rights in Hindu families is deeply woven into the fabric of Indian society, encompassing a rich tapestry of historical, religious, and legal influences. These rights have evolved significantly over the centuries, reflecting the changing dynamics of Hindu family structures and societal norms. By examining the legal, social, and cultural factors that have influenced these rights, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the challenges women have faced in asserting ownership and control over property. The historical context of property rights in Hindu families reveals a complex and evolving narrative. From ancient traditions rooted in preserving lineage to colonial intrusions and subsequent legal reforms, this journey reflects the intricate interplay between religious traditions, societal norms, and legislative changes. The Hindu Succession Amendment Act of 2005 stands as a testament to the evolving nature of Hindu property laws, striving to ensure gender equality and social justice in an ever-changing India. Ultimately, this research paper underscores the importance of recognizing and safeguarding women's property rights as an essential component of gender equality. By exploring the historical journey of women's property rights, it contributes to the ongoing discourse on gender equity and informs future policy discussions aimedat ensuring equal property rights for all individuals, regardless of gender. In this research paper analytical method is applied. The notion of women property rights is changing by need of society and intervention of Indian Judiciary. Hence, researcher followed this method for analyzing the various legislative provisions, reports, case laws Articles, and Book.
Current Account Deficit (Cad) on Inflation, Commercial Debt, and Foreign Direct Investment in India
Authors: Dev Pandey Mr. Kapil
Published: March 2024

The fiscal balance of payment deficit refers to the situation where a country's government expenditures exceed its revenues in the international trade and financial transactions. In the context of India, the fiscal balance of payment deficit reflects the imbalance between the government's spending on imports and foreign debt servicing compared to its earnings from exports and foreign investments. It is an important economic indicator that reflects the financial health and sustainability of a country's external sector
Global Catalysts: The G20's Decisive Role in Addressing Climate Change
Authors: Yadawar Mrs. Rohini , Yadav Ms. Kajal
Published: March 2024

In recent decades, the global community has witnessed unprecedented shifts in climate patterns, posing severe consequences for the environment, societies, and economies. This chapter explores the crucial intersection of climate change and the Group of Twenty (G20), a collection of the world's major economies. It delves into the G20's historical evolution, its current role in climate change mitigation and adaptation, challenges faced, and potential future scenarios. In the relentless march of time, the last few decades have unfurled a tapestry of climate tumult, leaving an indelible mark on our planet. From the Arctic's melting ice to the ravaging fires in distant forests, the consequences of climate change reverberate across the globe, casting a long shadow over our environment, societies, and economies. This chapter embarks on a journey into the heart of this global challenge, unravelling the intricate dance between climate change and the Group of Twenty (G20) – an assembly of economic titans whose decisions resonate far beyond boardrooms and parliaments
The Transformative Impact of 5G on the Indian Economy: A Comprehensive Analysis
Authors: Choudhary Ms. Poonam
Published: March 2024

The emergence of 5G technology marks the dawn of a fresh era in connectivity, offering unparalleled speed, dependability, and connectivity options for a diverse range of applications. In the context of the Indian economy, this paper explores the multifaceted impact of 5G technology on various sectors and its potential to reshape the economic landscape of the country. The study based on secondary data and descriptive in nature. This paper aims to Analyse how 5G technology will catalyze innovation, enhance productivity, and drive economic growth. Additionally, it addresses the challenges and policy considerations associated with the deployment of 5G in India, considering issues related to infrastructure development, security, and affordability. It analyses the role of 5G in enabling the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Industry 4.0, and how these technologies drive economic transformation. In conclusion, this paper presents a forward-looking perspective on how the adoption of 5G technology can be a catalyst for economic growth in India.
The Digital Payments Revolution: A Retrospective of Consumer Attitudes
Authors: Kushwaha Mr. Pradeep
Published: March 2024

The ascent of digital payment technologies has fundamentally altered how consumers engage in financial transactions. This paper provides an extensive retrospective analysis of consumer sentiments regarding the digital payment revolution. Employing a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods, this study tracks the evolution of consumer perceptions, preferences, and behaviors concerning digital payments over the past decade. Notable findings include insights into the factors influencing the adoption of digital payment methods, the impact of security and privacy concerns on consumer trust, and the importance of convenience and user experience in shaping consumer attitudes. Additionally, this paper investigates how demographic and cultural factors affect the acceptance of digital payments and offers recommendations for businesses and policymakers to better comprehend and address evolving consumer needs within the digital payment landscape. By shedding light on the historical trajectory of consumer attitudes, this research deepens our understanding of the digital payment realm and provides invaluable guidance to stakeholders striving to enhance the future of digital financial services. We hope to provide useful insights for businesses, policymakers, and researchers as they navigate a digital world that keeps changing how we think about buying things
Current Trends in Micro-Expression Recognition
Authors: Sharma Mr. Priyansh
Published: March 2024

The detection and recognition of micro-expressions have garnered significant attention in the field of computer vision, with applications ranging from localization to feature extraction and identification. These micro expressions are brief, involuntary facial movements lasting only fractions of a second (typically between 0.05 to 0.2 seconds). Their rapid and subtle nature poses a considerable challenge for both human and machine analysis. Micro expressions, often unconsciously displayed, provide an accurate glimpse into a person's subjective emotions. This paper offers a comprehensive overview of the current state of micro-expression recognition, delving into the techniques, learning methods, potential enhancements to existing approaches, available datasets, outstanding challenges, and prospective directions for future development.
Reframing India's Cybersecurity Terrain: Hurdles, Developments and Prospective strategies1
Authors: Shome Ms. Shubhajeet
Published: March 2024

India holds the second position worldwide in terms of internet users, and this figure is growing rapidly. The country is making significant progress towards achieving its digitalization goals. The Indian government is also prioritizing this issue to ensure that all sectors in the country embrace maximum digitalization. However, the number of cybercrimes in India is also on the rise. Various forms of cybercrimes such as hacking, phishing, cyber bullying, online scams, and cyber extortion are victimizing individuals, private organizations, and even government agencies in India. This study aims to explore the different techniques of cybercrimes prevalent in India and around the world. This paper analyses the current cybercrime scenario in India and proposes measures to combat these crimes. Finally, the study concludes with relevant remarks and suggests areas for further research.
The Evolution & Outcomes of Total Wrist Arthroplasty: Current Concepts
Authors: Townsend Clay B. , Paladino Joseph , Ilyas Asif M.
Published: March 2024

Over the last several decades, total wrist arthroplasty design and outcomes have significantly improved. The development of modern wrist arthroplasty began in the 1960s with a silicone spacer implant, which has progressively evolved to the metal-on polyethylene modular implants utilized today. Modern implants have been shown to have high patient satisfaction and increased 5-10 year survivorship; however, the overall utilization of total wrist arthroplasty has decreased in the United States since 2001. This could be due to several reasons, including improved modern therapies for rheumatoid arthritis preventing end-stage wrist disease, reliable outcomes with arthrodesis, and the high complication and revision rates of early total wrist implants. This review will discuss the design evolution of total wrist implants, which can be divided into four distinct generations. This review also presents the most recent outcome, complication, and survivorship results for the modern 4th generation of total wrist implants.
Career Adaptation in Relation to Selected Student Personal Characteristics: A Canonical Correlation Analysis
Authors:   Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Surabaya, Setiasih Setiasih , Kaluge Laurens ,   Graduate Program of Social Studies Teaching, Universitas PGRI Kanjuruhan Malang
Published: March 2024

Career adaptability is important for someone, especially in relation to changes, job transitions, career preparations, and challenges in the world of works. People who have high career adaptability can get a greater chance to be successful in their work. This study aimed to examine the relationship between two complex variates such as career optimism and proactive personality with career adaptability. Quantitative research method was used. Data were obtained by questionnaire from a sample of 305 students at a vocational school in east Java. Canonical correlation was utilized in order to pursue the research objective. Findings discovered that significant positive correlation between the two canonical variates as big as 0.665 or 44.2%. Negative loadings found in all parts of composite variables inside the clusters or variates, however, positive across the groups due to the negative against negative loading directions. Gaining optimism as a part of career optimism failed to have valid load so that the conclusions were not significant neither contribution as expressed by the canonical weight.
Secession, Right to Decide and the Constitutional Model of Militant Democracy
Authors:   Ph D Edinburgh, Dr h.c. Helsinki, University of the Basque Country, UPV/EHU, Bengoetxea Joxerramon
Published: March 2024

Advocating democracy and the right to decide over forceful union in the Spanish and European contexts, this paper makes modest theoretical proposals to protect the right to decide and to self-government of sub-state nations or peoples. The peaceful solution of conflicts involving contested claims over territory and national sovereignty calls for a pluralist concept of democracy, recovering the centrality of self-determination as the self-assertion of a people, a political community that has been systematically denied the freedom to decide on its own political status and aspiration. Constitutional law based on popular sovereignty often neglects the question of the definition of the demos as the prefigured and axiomatic constituency. If the Constitution is further interpreted as precluding any claim to self-determination by a constituency, and any debate about that claim then an undemocratic model of militant constitutionalism ensues. That militant scheme is not so much about protecting democracy as it is about imposing a national model, a pre-defined demos. This contribution seeks to revisit the claim of sovereignty of the Catalan process and the constitutional doctrine of the Spanish judiciary precluding the Catalan Parliament from engaging in political debates on the right to decide, in relation to the issue of the militant democracy model
Morphological study of the cotton seed bug, Oxycarenus hyalinipennis (Costa, 1847) (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) in some localities of Kurdistan region– Iraq
Authors: Hamed Bzhar H.
Published: March 2024

This study introduces a morphological description of cotton seed bug, Oxycarenus hyalinipennis Hemiptera – Lygaeidae, which were collected in some localities of Kurdistan region- Iraq through the period of April till December of 2021. The species identified according to same diagnosed characters; mouthparts approximately dark brown. Piercing sucking type mouthpart with elongate proboscis extending in the middle of 3rd abdominal sternite. Maxilla needle shaped, slightly curved and the apical part. Labium four segmented, dark brown. Antennae nearly filamentous shaped with four antennomeres, 2nd antennomere tubular shaped, two times as long as the1st, 4th antennomere elongated oval,1.1 times as long as 3rd antennomere. Fore wings hemielytron type, the membranous part whitish color with four or five veins. Parameres nearly hook shaped. The important body parts antenna; rostrum; mouthparts, labrum, mandible, maxilla, labium; pronotum; fore wing; fore leg; eighth abdominal sternite and male genitalia were take pictures. Locations and date of collection were mentioned.
Purification and Characterization of Recombinant Levansucrase From Bacillus lichniformans MJ8
Authors: Omar Mustafa M.
Published: March 2024

The ability to produce levansucrase was estimated in fifty Bacillus spp. isolates obtained from various sources. One isolate was found to be the higher producer of this enzyme through primary and secondary screening, which was performed by estimating levansucrase activity. It was found to be 6.05 U/ml. The results show, after identification by the Vitek 2 compact system with 92% probability and 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, that this isolate is Bacillus licheniformis, designated in this study as MJ8, and registered in the Gene Bank under the accession number OM672244.1. Then, the gene of (SacB) was studied in detail. It contained 1449 nucleotides (accession number ON811641.1), expressed for 482 amino acids and 29 amino-acid as signal peptides. A recombinant plasmid, pET28a(+), with the levansucrase (SacB) gene, was over expressed in high efficiency E. coli BL21 (DE3). Then the enzyme was purified in three steps; firstly, it was precipitated with ammonium sulfate 40-80%. Secondly, DEAE cellulose ion exchange chromatography was applied then the gel filtration chromatography. The activity of levansucrase at the final purification steps reached 48.65 U/ml with a purification fold of 18.0 and a recovery of 48.9%. The levansucrase characterization was also studied. It was found that the molecular weight by SDS-PAGE and gel filtration methods was 43 kDa and 47 kDa, respectively, and the optimum temperature activity and stability were 45 ◦C, 30-35 ◦C, respectively while the pH activity and stability were 6.0, and 7.0, The levan was produced from cloned (SacB) levansucrase, separated, purified, and identified by NMR, AFM, and SEM analyses showed that its structure mostly consists of fructose residues.
Biophysiological Impacts of some Herbs extracts as Antioxidants, an Advanced Contemporary
Authors: Alsaadi Sarmad A.
Published: March 2024

Recent studies have pointed to the role of medicinal plants as alternative antioxidants for medicines and chemotherapies. Plant therapy and medicinal herbs have occupied a prominent place and space in medical and pharmaceutical sciences and have become a safe source for the pharmaceutical industry and the treatment of many diseases. Safety is also one of the most important factors to consider when processing. Plants are considered safe substances to use. The population uses most plants as food naturally and without any concerns, especially since most of them do not cause side symptoms. In addition, these plants are affordable and cheap and have few side effects compared to synthetic chemical drugs that produce harmful and inhibitory side symptoms of body immunity. In the midst of this scientific review of the most important and latest studies in the world, we will review the effectiveness and impact of some of the marine extracts of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum graecum L.), Oregano (Origanum Vulgare L.), green tea (Camellia sinensis L. Kuntze), Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) and Parsley (Petroselinum crispum Mill.). As antioxidants, these plants are widespread in most countries of the world and have extensive uses in the food, medical and industrial fields. Therefore, using the extracts of these medicinal plants and their active compounds as non-food chemicals has a preventive and therapeutic effect for many pathological conditions and has little or no side effects compared to laboratory-manufactured chemical medicines.
Effect of Foliar application of CPPU, CCC on growth and flowering of Rose plant (Rosa hybrida L.)
Authors: Star Sakar N.
Published: March 2024

The study was conducted in the Lath house of the College of Agriculture / University of Kirkuk / Agricultural Research and Experiment Station, for the period from September 15/ 2021 to Until the end of April / 2022, The research included studying the effect of spraying with a growth regulator (CPPU) at concentrations of (0, 30, 60) mg L-1 with two sprays, the first one a day after the seedling rotation process, and the second one a week later, The first spray, And spraying with CCC growth regulator at concentrations of (0, 2000) mg.L-1, with two sprays, the first three days after spraying with CPPU, and the second two weeks after the first spraying, The factorial experiment was conducted according to the randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D), with a split experiment. The results were analyzed using the statistical software [1], Statistical analysis and Duncan's multiple range test were used to compare the means at the 5% probability level. The effect of spraying with the growth regulator CPPU at a concentration of 30 mg .L-1 led to a significant increase in the number of leaves, 167.66 leaves.plant-1 and the flower diameter was 13.91 cm, while the concentration of 60 mg.L-1 increased the vase life by 19.08 days. Spraying with growth regulator CCC at a concentration of 2000 mg.L-1 resulted in a significant increase in the number of leaves to 164.44 leaves.plant-1 and The number of flowers is 11.72 flowers.Plant-1.
The role of water harvesting in the development of vegetation cover and reducing desertification within the desert dry areas
Authors: Mukhlif Fadhil H.
Published: March 2024

It has become necessary to find harmony between the need to exploit rainwater and increase agricultural production, while continuing scientific creativity, especially in the field of multiple techniques for harvesting rainwater. This is for human use, irrigation of crops, and preservation of the environment within the drought that affected the ecological balance. The study addresses the importance of water harvesting in the development of pastoral and medicinal vegetation, the advantages of water harvesting techniques, benefiting from available land resources in the Iraqi desert, maintenance of existing wells, and the role of Arab research centres in supporting and settling the local population. The water yield of the valleys was calculated using the SCS method. This method was applied in calculating the volume of water yield prepared by the US Soil Conservation Service. The state of water harvesting in the plateaus of the Kingdom of Morocco was discussed, as natural resources are available within the region represented in its biological environment, despite the existence of a state of pastoral deterioration. This case was chosen as a model to monitor the best projects that can provide a state of environmental balance and stability of natural factors. In addition to opening prospects for balanced development within the region.
A Preliminary Study on Landscape of Bakhi Shar Park, Erbil (Hawler), Kurdistan, Iraq
Authors: Hussein Lava R.
Published: March 2024

Bakhi Shar park (B.S.P) occupies an area of 5910 m2 within Erbil city center. Current investigation was devoted to develop a new master plan for reorganizing the green spaces and reconstruction of B.S.P in Erbil, Kurdistan region-Iraq, in order to fit the park with resent advancement of civilization. There for an inventory of (Hard landscape and soft landscape) objects and green plantations of the park has been proposed and forwarded. Basic draft has been prepared, where, the assortment of plants been indicated clearly within it. Beside that a general list of trees, shrubs have been also assigned for the current project. However, B.S.P is plan to be established for the purpose of education, meeting, agriculture, social, activity, tourism beside being the place for gathering the retired people of various region job wise and other aims within this site. Infact, the main aim of the current investigation is confined to establish an outline property of an open garden within Erbil or any other town in Kurdistan. However, Results of a proposed questioners survey were also included.
Response of growth and yield of two cultivars of corn (Zea mays L.) to spraying with a chlorophyll bio stimulator (Disper chlorophyll GS)
Authors: Ahmed Rayan F. , Al Kikani Khaleel I. Kh. , Omar Fathi A.
Published: March 2024

The experiment was conducted at two sites (Zakho and Sumel) belonging to Dohuk Governorate / Iraq, on 18 to 21 July 2022, using (R.C.B.D) design with 3 replicates, to study the response of two cultivars of corn (Furat and Dejla) to four levels of bio stimulant Disper Chlorophyll GS (0, 1 and 1.5 and 2g/L). The results revealed significant effect of Furat cultivar compared to Dejla in both sites in all studied traits except plant leaves number. As for the bio stimulant chlorophyll, it has been recorded the level of 2 g/L the highest values of the studied traits in the two sites compared to the rest of the levels. The interaction was significant for all traits in the two sites, where Furat cultivar with the level of 2 g/L of bio stimulant achieved the highest grain yield (9.76 and 10.22 tons/ha) in both sites, respectively.
Effect of adding curcumin and betacyclodextrin nanocomplex on some of the physicochemical, microbiological and sensory traits of yogurt
Authors: Abdul-Hussein Safa M.
Published: March 2024

The aim of this research is to study the effect of adding free curcumin and curcumin loaded with betacyclodextrin to laboratory-made yogurt by conducting a set of tests on the final product. Yogurt was prepared using three treatments. The first treatment was a standard yogurt without any additions, while the second treatment involved adding free curcumin (CU) at concentrations similar to the third treatment, which contained curcumin loaded with betacyclodextrin (B-CU) at concentrations of 100 and 200 μg/ml. which involved measuring the protein percentage, moisture percentage, fat percentage, and ash percentage of the samples studied from day one of production until day 28 of refrigerated storage, which were (4.61, 86.62, 5.64, 0.86) respectively. Various physical and rheological tests were conducted, including total acidity, pH, spontaneous whey separation, viscosity value, and water-holding capacity, which were (0.97, 4.61, 3.1, 2680, 72.36) respectively, up to day 28 of refrigerated storage. Microbiological tests were also conducted on the manufactured yogurt under the same conditions, which showed the efficiency of the active compound, whether in its free form or loaded with β-cyclodextrin, as a microbial inhibitor and preventing contamination of the manufactured product. The tests demonstrated the superiority of the B-CU treatment containing 200 mg/ ml of curcumin-loaded β-cyclodextrin over the other treatments. The sensory evaluation was well-received, ranging from (95-77)% from day one of production until day 28 of refrigerated storage.
Design and manufacture of a device for pasteurizing orange juice and its effects on the qualitative characteristics of fresh orange juice
Authors: Ahmed Hawri S.
Published: March 2024

The research project was conducted on the Batch Ohmic Heater, which was designed and manufactured in the laboratories of the Department of Food Sciences/College of Agriculture and Forestry/University of Mosul, to be used in sterilization of orange juice. The study included the effect of Ohmic heating at voltages of 80, 110 and 220 volts on the chemical, physical and sensory properties and compared them with samples of orange juice treated by the conventional heating method (95 Cº/15 s). Ohmic heating with the applied voltage gradients (9.2, 12.64 and 25.28 V/cm) significantly (p≤0.05) preserved the total phenols content of the orange juice samples compared with the samples treated with conventional heating immediately after treatment, however, voltage gradient ( 12.64) acquired significantly (p≤0.05) higher in average total soluble solids (TSS) over other treatments for average refrigeration period (14 days) Using a voltage gradient of 12.64 V/cm for orange juice samples showed a significant decrease (p≤0.05) in the pH values compared with the other used voltage gradients. There was the highest significant increase (p≤0.05) in the concentration of vitamin C for orange juice samples treated by Ohmic heating at voltage gradient 9.2 V/cm compared with the other samples. In the study of sensory evaluation of orange juice treated by Ohmic heating at a voltage of 12.64 V/cm, which obtained the highest degree of sensory evaluation with two grades of excellent and very good within the evaluation scores used for that (1 unacceptable - 8 excellent) by the arbitrators compared with the rest of the orange juice samples.
Yield performance of four wheat cultivars under semi-arid conditions
Authors: Jumaa Mahir E.
Published: March 2024

The research was conducted at Kalar Technical College – Garmian Polytechnic University in Garmian region during the growing season 2023, using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with six replications, to evaluate yield performance of four wheat cultivars i.e, (Al-Rashi, Adana99, Wafia, and Deng) under semi-arid conditions. Analysis of variance showed a significant difference between genotypes for all traits measured in this experiment (P<0.05). . For grain yield and number of spikes per m2, there was no significant difference between Deng, Wafla and Adana 99 (max. 343.3 for Adana99), but they had significantly higher values than Al-Rashid (P<0.05), while in spike length Al-Rashid had the longest spike (13.53 cm; P<0.05). Adana 99 had significantly the highest number of seeds per spike (48.36; P<0.05). For the weight of 1000 seeds, Deng, Wafia and adana 99 (max. 45.04 gm for Deng) were also able to have significantly higher weights than the local wheat cultivar Al Rashid which displayed a comparatively lower average weight for this particular characteristic, which was (37.44 g). The research recommends that Adana wheat cultivar has superior performance compared to other cultivars, making it well-suited to be cultivated in Garmian area.
Disease of forest tree seedlings (Article Review)
Authors: Al-Obaidi Muhannad. H. Y.
Published: March 2024

Nursery are one of the most important reasons for the success and progress of the agricultural renaissance, as it depends on the application of various advanced scientific methods and the use of Nursery of various types in the propagation and production of forest seedlings and others. A greenhouse is a place where small plants are produced to plant them in gardens, fields, and trees. The plants produced by the greenhouse vary between ornamental plants and flowers, fruit plants, vegetables, and forest trees, and Nursery are often held for commercial purposes.The incidence of Nursery diseases increases from what happens in the forests through the increase in service operations and attention to irrigation and fertilization and not sterilizing the soil and seeds, as this appears on the resulting seedlings, and the seedlings resulting from Nursery can be a source of transmission of infection when artificial afforestation is performed. Therefore, we must monitor and ensure the safety of the productive seedlings. The disease of Root rot and seedling disease Damping-off are one of the most critical diseases found in forest Nursery and the most widespread throughout the hot and cold world. As these diseases affect many forest plants, it is preferable to study them to avoid infecting forest species through the correct management of these Nursery by sterilizing the soil and seeds, as well as regular irrigation and correct fertilization.
Financial, Institutional, and Humanitarian Risks and Their Impact on Tomato Cultivation in Sulaymani Governorate
Authors: Rashid Debar A.
Published: March 2024

The research aimed to identify the level of financial, institutional, and humanitarian risks facing tomato farmers in Sulaymani Governorate, Furthermore, the study aimed to assess the variability in farmers' viewpoints with regard to these risks based on the pertinent research variables. the data were collected using a questionnaire and a personal interview method by taking a multi-stage random sample by selecting three areas famous for growing tomatoes in Sulaymani Governorate with (1750) farmers, Then, in the second stage, a proportional stratified random sample of (16%) was taken from the research population, so the sample size was (280) farmers. The results showed that the level of financial, institutional, and humanitarian risks facing tomato farmers is high, tending to medium. The results showed that there is a difference in farmers' opinions regarding the financial, institutional, and humanitarian risks facing tomato farmers in accordance with the specified research variables, (Age, Type of farm holding, Volume of tomato production during the year, Contact with the agricultural extension, Sources of agricultural information), While there is no discrepancy in farmers’ opinions regarding financial, institutional, and humanitarian risks according to the research variables (Educational level, Years of agricultural experience, Size of farm holding, Participation in training courses) Therefore, the researchers recommend diversifying the crops grown in addition to tomatoes, preparing an integrated agricultural indicative plan, and providing occupational safety and health for workers on the farm to reduce the financial, institutional, and humanitarian risks in tomato production.
Organizational Obstacles for extension workers and Their Impact on the Effectiveness of Agricultural Extension Management in Sulaymani Governorate - Kurdistan Region- Iraq
Authors: Layeeq Tahir M.
Published: March 2024

This study aimed to Identify the level of organizational obstacles facing the effectiveness of agricultural extension management in Sulaymani Governorate, As well as Identify the variation in the level of organizational obstacles towards it according to the study variables, The data was collected using a questionnaire from the study population consisting of (96) agricultural extension workers representing (100%) of the size of the study population. The results showed that the level of organizational obstacles facing the effectiveness of agricultural extension management is high and tends to be moderate, the field of planning obstacles came in first place compared to other obstacles, and that there is no significant difference in organizational obstacles towards the effectiveness of agricultural extension management with the variables (Age, Specialization, Educational level, Marital status, Years of extension service, Sources of agricultural information, Participation in training courses), while there is a discrepancy with the variable (Satisfaction with work, Gender), Therefore, the researchers recommend the need to improve the planning process, improve the monitoring and evaluation system, and enhance the training capabilities of agricultural extension workers when preparing future agricultural extension programs in the governorate.
The effect of capital structure on firm profitability
Authors: Hamad Salam Mahmood
Published: March 2024

This work examines the current state of capital structure impact on firms’ profitability, from the literature by reviewing empirical investigations most recurrent impact of capital structure from 2015 till 2020 on different firms’ performance have been evaluated. The result explains distinctive finding, many explain appositive association while, from findings of some scholars’ firm’s performance negatively associated with capital structure. Thus, Inconclusive result on this topic explains a necessity for more academic work in this regard. But, quite easily finding explains a significant implication on capital structure on organizations performance and reflects financial health and firms- survival.
Mind-Body Mantra: Unleashing the Potentials of Life through Mind-Body Medicine illustrated in the Essays of Swami Vivekananda and Deepak Chopra
Authors: Aiswarya M G  , Dr. Mamta Anand
Published: March 2024

Good bodily and mental health is a condition of well-being. We may keep our bodies in good health by embarking on a quest to explore the deepest corners of our minds. The practical and scientific approaches for comprehending the relationship between the mind and body are the main emphasis of the study. Through their writings, Deepak Chopra and Swami Vivekananda emphasize the vitality of the fountain known as consciousness as a prelude to awareness, focus, and purpose - all of which are subsequently incorporated into medical procedures like radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery.  Both the writers’ literary works highlight and discuss ancient Indian life sciences like Yoga and Ayurveda as well as Western Medicine. Through the field of Medical Humanities, the intersection of Literature, Philosophy, and Medical Science, this research will engage significant elements required for the purpose. Thus, the research delves into both the physiological and psychological facets of preserving bodily health.
Intimate Partner Violence and its Realistic Projection: A Critical Study of Contemporary Indian Cinema
Authors: Meenu Sharma
Published: March 2024

Despite an array of new statutes designed to safeguard women and punish abusers, Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) continues to snuff out many lives leading to infringement of fundamental human rights and serious physical and mental health consequences. Like other societal phenomena, gender-based violence particularly IPV alongside its resistance, is prominently depicted in contemporary Indian cinema. By evaluating three films in light of a social responsibility paradigm which relies on realistic representation as its basic dimension, this research investigates how accurately IPV is portrayed across contemporary Indian cinema. The behavioural elements of the widely recognized The Duluth Model and Power and Control Wheel will be applied to determine realistic representation of IPV in each particular movie. This study focuses on films like Jasmeet K. Reen’s Darlings, Charukesh Sekar’s Ammu and Vipin Das’s ‘Jaya Jaya Jaya Jaya Hey’ which premiered in year 2022 in Hindi, Telugu and Malyalam cinema respectively. The results demonstrate significant variations in the measure of social responsibility indicating that contemporary Indian cinema may play a significant role in realistic projection of IPV
Interruption, Introspection, and Inference: The Indispensable Concomitants of Autonomous Learning
Authors: Neha Sharma
Published: March 2024

Autonomous learning facilitated by technology is commonly touted as the pinnacle of independent learning. It is believed to offer learners a self-directed journey free from external influence. However, this perception confutes the intrinsic role of mediation when viewed specifically through Interruption, Introspection, and Inference (3Is). This paper argues that autonomous learning is never truly autonomous but rather a symbiotic interplay among 3Is, where 3Is play integral roles in guiding and transforming learners' experiences via an active dialogue. Through an exploration of selected literature, this paper elucidates how the presence of and interaction among these 3Is is indispensable for the efficacy of autonomous learning. Consequently, the notion of autonomous learning existing in isolation is debunked as a myth. The paper posits that the 3Is are the indispensable concomitants of self-directed learning. The paper will identify the myths surrounding independent learning and establish the purpose and role of 3Is. The paper will conclude with the necessity of offshoots of mediation -the 3Is for effective learning outcomes.
To Be or Not to Be: Undergraduate ESL Learners’ Attitudes Towards Code-Switching
Authors: Maryam Sarwar  , Nadia Abdul Ghani
Published: March 2024

Code-switching and its pros and cons, is a highly debated phenomenon in second language learning in a classroom setting. This study also discusses how hindering code-switching affects the learning process in English language classrooms. The data for this quantitative study was gathered from the population of 50 BS second language learners at the University of Lahore through a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire. The results indicate that the majority of undergraduate learners have a favorable disposition towards the practice of code-switching. They face difficulties when they are not allowed to switch codes in the classroom. However, it has been found that there are a few learners who do not feel any difficulty in the absence of code-switching opportunities. According to the findings, stopping the learners from code-switching in educational settings is disadvantageous. The encouragement of code-switching practice in classrooms is a robust way of enhancing communicative skills, socio-emotional engagement, and accelerating learning outcomes. These findings have important implications for language educators and policymakers and will help in fulfilling the actual classroom requirements and bringing about a change in the attitudes towards code-switching.
Locating the Subject in Postmodern State: A Critique of Kazuo Ishiguro’s The Remains of the Day
Authors: Suraj Soni  , Dr. Vipan Pal Singh
Published: March 2024

A British novelist of Japanese origin, Kazuo Ishiguro explores the social and political atmosphere of England that unsettled the nation in the decade after World War I. He brings to notice the significant role of an individual’s inner emotional dilemma of the professional self. This paper then offers a close reading of Ishiguro’s The Remains of the Day (1989), exploring the discourse of the subject within a social, political and ideological framework that constructs the concept of selfhood. This play of socio-political ideologies includes subjects that are no more than cultural performances. Centring on Ishiguro’s exploration of this decentred subject, this paper scrutinises the symbolic link between the protagonist Stevens’s selfhood caused by self-deception or the ideological state apparatus and fictional world leaders’ discourse on professionalism. From this viewpoint, the main objective of the paper is to uncover how Ishiguro’s work dramatises the transformation of the modernist preconstituted subject into the postmodernist decentred subject.
Exploring the Fluidity of Becoming: A Stylistic Analysis of Claudia Morgado E.’s No Bikini
Authors: Dr. Mahima Raj C
Published: March 2024

The paper is a critical exploration of the fluidity of becoming through the character of Robin in Claudia Morgado Escanilla’s short film No Bikini1 (2007). The paper further investigates the role of water in the dynamic configurations of the paradigms of gender expressions and highlights Robin’s relationship with water in their process of ‘becoming.’ An extensive focus on the stylistic construction of Robin’s character and the space of the swimming pool is analysed in rendering further possibilities of extending one’s self beyond the realms of the heteronormative world. Hence, this paper essays at understanding the positionality of children amidst the larger queer expressions predominantly constitutive of adult lives, and how children negotiate gender roles and a child’s casual manner of queering heteronormative structures, are further studied.
Ramifications of Digital Technology - A Critical Study of Black Mirror: Bandersnatch
Authors: Dr. Rachel Irdaya Raj  , Dr. D. Sudha Rani
Published: March 2024

Mankind is the only species to be gifted with the power of reasoning. Our quest to comprehend life has always been on the move. There was a time when we were completely governed by the laws of nature. However, through breakthroughs in science and technology, man has been able to evolve and exercise control. We now live in an era where our lives are governed by digital technology. Literature, cinema, and other art forms are the bases on which this is built. As movie lovers there have been times where we wished the movies had alternate endings. This stems from our own thoughts of living vicariously through the main characters. This is being facilitated by Interactive Digital Narrative in video games and movies. To understand and analyse this, the present paper takes Black Mirror: Bandersnatch to study the same.  Black Mirror: Bandersnatch is an interactive movie that gives us several choices as we become the protagonist and attempt to change the fate of the protagonist in the story. Does digital technology help or harm our core values? Can art forms withstand the test of time, even in this digital era? This paper comprehends to find answers to the above questions.
An Eco-heritage or an Eco-curse? - A Postcolonial Ecocritical Study of Helon Habila’s Oil on Water
Authors: Dr. Sumedha Bhandari
Published: March 2024

Nigerian literature has been strewed with much political activism and ecological degradation. It has brought to the fore the connivance of oil companies, government agencies and a few members of the local communities in devouring the sacred land of Nigeria. The fictional literature of the Niger Delta takes into account the socio-cultural and political factors that revolve around the management of environmental problems in Nigeria. Rapid industrialization and excessive oil mining leave devastating ecological imprints on the flora, fauna and the landscape of the Delta. The fundamental issues of capitalism, globalisation, and exploitation of natural resources that cause the obliteration of Nigeria’s ecosystem are the themes of numerous literatures seeping out of the Niger Delta. Helon Habila’s Oil on Water works in the creative space to divert attention towards real-life issues that threaten the ecological sustenance of Niger Delta. The present paper analyses the novel by raising questions about the unethical practices being executed in the name of development. While being socio-ecologically intertwined, the novel also provides a postcolonial discourse on the corruption of moral order that plagues the fabric of Nigerian society.
Korelasi antara Usia dan Jenis Kelamin dengan Derajat Keparahan pada Penderita Asma Anak di RSUD Dr. H. Chasan Boesoirie Ternate
Authors: Tjira Fonglin , Assagaf Husain , Muhajir Albaar Thoha
Published: March 2024

Asma masih menjadi salah satu dari sepuluh penyebab utama sakit dan kematian di Indonesia. Hingga saat ini belum terdapat penelitian mengenai korelasi antara usia dengan derajat keparahan asma anak di Maluku Utara. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan asma pada anak berdasarkan usia, derajat keparahan, dan jenis kelamin di RSUD Dr. H. Chasan Boesoirie Ternate. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampelnya adalah seluruh anak yang didiagnosa dengan asma, yang diambil dari rekam medik RSUD Dr. H. Chasan Boesoirie Ternate tahun 2017-2022. Dari 73 sampel, 42 orang (57,5%) yaitu responden laki-laki dan 31 orang (42,5%) responden perempuan, lebih dominan memiliki derajat keparahan persisten ringan yaitu sebanyak 35 orang (48,0%), persisten sedang sebanyak 18 orang (24,7%), persisten berat 15 orang (20,5%), dan intermiten 5 orang (6,8%). Kesimpulannya adalah terdapat hubungan bermakna antara usia, jenis kelamin laki-laki dengan derajat keparahan pada penderita asma anak.