bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spółka non profit w świetle przedsiębiorczości społecznej
Authors: Matura Katarzyna
Published: January 2023

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie możliwości wykorzystania formy spółki kapitałowej do realizacji przedsiębiorczości społecznej. Przedmiot analizy stanowiły spółki non profit, które wykorzystują mechanizmy funkcjonowania typowe dla sektora prywatnego oraz społecznej odpowiedzialności biznesu. Dążenie do maksymalizacji zysku udziałowców, akcjonariuszy i pracowników podmioty te zastępują działaniami z zamiarem tworzenia wartości społecznej. Ich występowanie warto powiązać ze zjawiskiem izomorfizmu organizacyjnego oraz ekonomizacją trzeciego sektora. Analizę literatury przedmiotu uzupełniono przeglądem ministerialnej listy polskich przedsiębiorstw społecznych. Wykazano, że spółka non profit spełnia kryteria przedsiębiorstwa społecznego i jest efektywnym sposobem realizacji przedsiębiorczości społecznej. Co czwarte przedsiębiorstwo społeczne w Polsce mające status przedsiębiorstwa społecznego prowadzone jest w formie spółki nnon profit. Społeczna spółka kapitałowa odgrywa zatem znaczącą rolę w realizacji przedsiębiorczości społecznej w Polsce.

A non profit company in the light of social entrepreneurship

The aim of the article is to present the possibilities of using the form of a capital company to implement social entrepreneurship. The subject of the analysis are non profit companies that use operating mechanisms typical of the private sector and corporate social responsibility. These entities replace the efforts to maximize the profit of shareholders and employees with taking actions aimed at creating social value. Their emergence should be associated with the phenomenon of organizational isomorphism and the economization of the third sector. The analysis of the literature on the subject is supplemented with a review of the ministerial list of Polish social enterprises. It has been demonstrated that a non profit company can meet the criteria of a social enterprise and is an effective means of implementing social entrepreneurship. Every fourth social enterprise in Poland with the status of a social enterprise is run in the form of a non profit company. The social capital company, therefore, plays a significant role in the implementation of social entrepreneurship in Poland.
Niedopełnienie przez gminę obowiązku adekwatnego odbierania odpadów
Authors: Modrzejewski Artur K.
Published: January 2023

Failure of the commune to fulfil its obligations in proper waste collection

In practice, in the implementation of municipal waste collection obligations by a commune, a situation may arise in which waste is collected from property owners under standard regulations functioning in the commune, but the “production” of waste is greater (non-standard), which means that the waste does not fit into a container or trash enclosure. A question then arises as to the manner of handling such waste and the possibility of applying the mechanism provided for in Article 6s of the Maintaining Tidiness and Order in Communes Act, according to which, if the commune does not fulfill the obligation to collect municipal waste from property owners, the property owner is obliged to transfer municipal waste, at the expense of the commune, to an entity collecting municipal waste from property owners, entered in the register of regulated activities. The subject of the article is the analysis of the legal and factual solutions regarding possible ways of proceeding in the aforementioned situation.
Andrzej Chwalba i jego związki z Przemyślem
Authors: Pudłocki Tomasz
Published: January 2023

Andrzej Chwalba and his links with Przemyśl

The article describes the links connecting Polish historian Andrzej Chwalba, professionally connected with the Jagiellonian University, with Przemyśl and its academic milieu. The author shows to what extent personal relationships, the town’s history and the work as a lecturer at the East European State Higher School in Przemyśl had influenced Professor Chwalba’s activity in the local community. The articles is also an attempt to justify awarding Prof. Chwalba with the title of an Honorary Member of the TPN Society of the Friends of Learning and dedicating to him the current volume of the Rocznik Przemyski (History) periodical.
Rok w „Sokole”. Działalność Towarzystw Gimnastycznych „Sokół” w cyklu rocznym (1867–1914). Zarys problematyki
Authors: Olejnik Mateusz
Published: January 2023

A year at „The Falcon”. The annual activity of the “Sokół” (“Falcon”) Polish Gymnastic Society

In 1867 in Lviv the Polish Gymnastic Society was established, adopting two years later the name “Sokół” (The Falcon). Since 1884, the “Falcon” societies started to be set up outside Lviv, then outside the Austrian partition and in Polish communities in Europe and both Americas. Between the wars there were over 800 of them in the Republic of Poland. Their activity in Poland was only stopped by the outbreak of the Second World War. Despite their name, those societies ran a very diverse activity. Thanks to their broad offer including gymnastics, sports, civil defense training, drama groups, choirs, orchestras, cinemas and libraries, patriotic, social and light entertainment events, as well as extensive infrastructure facilities like The Falcon buildings, playgrounds, shooting ranges, pools etc., the Falcon “nests” used to become local centers of social and cultural life. This article outlines the annual cycle of the Falcon activity, including the seasons of the year, particularly in the first half of the 20th c.
Powinność miasta historycznego. Historiografia dziejów Poznania i jej instytucjonalne konteksty
Authors: Matusik Przemysław
Published: January 2023

“Obligation of a historic city”. Historiography of Poznań and its institutional contexts

Using the example of Poznań, the article takes up the question of the connection between the development of research on the history of particular cities and their institutional establishment. Here, beside universities, a major role was also played by archives, libraries, academic and urban societies, as well as editorial offices of the periodicals they published. In the case of Poznań, which in the 19th century did not have a university, research on the city was inspired mainly by the German historical society. Between the wars, although the university had already been established, the initiating role was still played by local non-academic circles, gathered around the “Kronika Miasta Poznania” chronicle published by the Poznań city hall. After 1945, an ever increasing role was played by the university academic milieu, whose representatives carried out in the 1980s/1990s various publishing projects, creating and strengthening the group of researchers dealing with urban themes. After 1990 they gathered again around the “Kronika Miasta Poznania”, which inspired readers to examine different aspects of the city history.
Imiona w radzieckiej rzeczywistości. Nowe życie miało znaleźć odzwierciedlenie nawet w nowych imionach
Authors: Stępień Stanisław
Published: January 2023

Given names in Soviet reality. The new life was to find a reflection even in new names

Even before the outbreak of the October Revolution in Russia, the most engaged in terms of outlook Bolsheviks expressed the need to reject bourgeoisie mentality and remove religion from social life. The attempt was made after the Bolshevik revolution of 1917. It was decided to apply “scientific methods” to religion, based on the evolution theory by Charles Darwin. On 7 February 1925 in the USSR the League of Atheists was set up, which name was in 1929 changed to the League of Militant Atheists; antireligious periodicals and a series of various brochures were published in millions of copies. One of the ways to fight religion was to eliminate Christian names from social life. Therefore, new Communist names were created, of antireligious meaning or praising the new political system and its economic successes, like: Industrin, Tractorin, Combine, Oktyabrin, and even Stalic, Stal, Stalin as well as their female counterparts: Stalina, Oktyabrina, Tractorina. Baptism was replaced with a secular ceremony called Oktyabriny (October-making) or zvyezdiny (star-making). The experiment did not stand the test of time and though some of the names created at the time have been preserved in their vestigial form, they are the main object of research by historians and linguists.
Dragan Sotirovič „Draża”. Wspomnienia oficera serbskiego z partyzantki lwowskiej 1943–1945
Authors: Kozimala Irena
Published: January 2023

Dragan Sotirovič „Draża”. A Serbian officer’s memories of the 1943-1945 Lviv guerilla war

The aim of this article is to present little known memories of a Serbian officer Dragan Mihajlo Sotirovič of the 1943-1945 Lviv guerilla war. The presented account, written presumably at the order of the authorities of the Polish 2nd Corps in the West, does not bear a date. We may speculate, though, that it was created soon after the first one, dated 27 April 1946, already known in historiography. Some fragments here are identical with certain motifs of the first account. It seems that in terms of the subject matter it is rather factually reliable, as it finds confirmation also in other sources.
Kształtowania się ustroju niezależnego od Rzymu Kościoła mariawitów (1887–1914). Zagadnienia kanoniczno-prawne
Authors: Mames Tomasz Dariusz
Published: January 2023

Development of the system of the Mariavite Church (1887-1914) independent of Rome. Canonical and legal issues

Although the beginnings of the Mariavite Church have been quite extensively discussed in contemporary Polish historiography, the canonical and legal issues concerning the development of the structures of that denomination seem to be an insufficiently researched area. Indeed, almost all publications on the history of that movement mention particular levels of the Mariavite church and monastic administration, however they do not answer the basic question about the reasons why the Mariavite Church did not accept the episcopate or synodical system but the monastic one and adapted to congregationalism imposed by the authorities. The article, using methodology typical of historical and theological sciences, organizes the previous knowledge on the organization and system of Mariavite congregations within the Catholic Church (1887-1906), as well as at the time when the independent of Rome Mariavite Church developed (1906-1914). The author also answers the questions about possible reasons for adopting the monastic system, unique in the family of Old Catholic Churches.
Działalność edukacyjna sióstr dominikanek w Wielowsi w II połowie XIX wieku
Authors: Korzeniewska Kazimiera Ewa
Published: January 2023

The teaching at the Dominican Sisters’ elementary school in Wielowieś (1861-1918)

The Congregation of the Sisters of Saint Dominic was founded in Wielowieś, Galicia, in 1861. Simultaneously with the foundation of the Congregation, the sisters started their apostolic service of teaching in the school in the village of Wielowieś. At first it was a parochial school, then it became a private elementary school by the monastery. In 1889 it was turned into a public elementary school. The article shows the changes in the school curriculums, which were caused by the transformations of school status (from private to public, and then from two-class to three-class school) and by the revision of the educational law in Galicia. The paper also attempts to depict the methods adopted by the sisters to teach different subjects, including enumeration of the textbooks used in the process of teaching.
Kamienice czynszowe na ul. Franciszka Smolki w Przemyślu – zagadnienia funkcjonalno-architektoniczne zabudowy mieszkalnej, wielorodzinnej z okresu 1852–1914
Authors: Stojak Natalia
Published: January 2023

Tenement houses in Franciszka Smolki Street in Przemyśl – functional and architectural issues of multi-family houses in the 1852–1914 period

For Przemyśl, the second half of the 19th century was a time of dynamic economic and territorial development. It was then that the majority of historic urban fabric was established, both in terms of area and numbers. Unfortunately, the 19th-century tenement houses in Przemyśl have not been widely discussed so far. The few publications there are concern converted houses, untypical of that period. The literature on urbanization of the suburbs (which today constitute the historic town centre) in that period is also scanty. In order to discover the nature of changes in the town at that time, the author has chosen to discuss tenement houses in Franciszka Smolki Street. Those houses are a typical example of multi-family houses in the period under discussion. They were built in a previously undeveloped area, and soon that street became one of the more elegant ones in Przemyśl. Although it was subjected to urbanization relatively promptly, its houses are not homogeneous in nature and they are evidence of aesthetic changes and changes connected with the residents’ standard of living. Functional and spatial solutions used in particular groups of houses constitute the history of urbanization of that fragment of the town.
Rozejm bożonarodzeniowy 1914 r. w listach kapitana Edwarda Hulse’a
Authors: Kaczmarek Bartosz
Published: January 2023

The Christmas truce of 1914 in the letters of Captain Edward Hulse

The article presents the translation and edition of a source: two letters written in December 1914 by a British officer Edward Hulse; it is his account of the events of the Christman truce. The aim of the paper is also to present and discuss the problem of mythologizing that event and changing its perception in historiography.
Pochwała jako tekst historyczny – życiorys Bohdana Zahajkewycza
Authors: Pudłocki Tomasz , Węglewicz Wiktor
Published: January 2023

Commendation as a historical text – the biography of Bohdan Zahaykevych

The authors present a source rarely used in historical research: a commendation of a person delivered on the occasion of their jubilee. By courtesy of the family, an unknown historical source has been edited, concerned with Bohdan Zahaykevycz, one of the major figures in interwar Przemyśl: secondary school teacher, museologist, organizer of cultural activities, brother of Volodymyr Zahaykevych (Deputy Speaker of the Sejm of the Second Republic of Poland and lawyer). After emigrating from Przemyśl, Zahaykevycz was one of the key figures in the life of the Ukrainian diaspora in the USA. This text is supposed to honor his services as a sort of liaison between the past world for American Ukrainians and their postwar reality overseas. It says a lot about what and how was remembered and maintained in the collective memory of the generations living in new reality after 1945, focusing above all on Ukrainian life in Przemyśl in the first half of the 20th century.
Characterizing Omega-Regularity through Finite-Memory Determinacy of Games on Infinite Graphs
Authors: Bouyer Patricia , Randour Mickael , Vandenhove Pierre
Published: January 2023

We consider zero-sum games on infinite graphs, with objectives specified as
sets of infinite words over some alphabet of colors. A well-studied class of
objectives is the one of $\omega$-regular objectives, due to its relation to
many natural problems in theoretical computer science. We focus on the strategy
complexity question: given an objective, how much memory does each player
require to play as well as possible? A classical result is that finite-memory
strategies suffice for both players when the objective is $\omega$-regular. We
show a reciprocal of that statement: when both players can play optimally with
a chromatic finite-memory structure (i.e., whose updates can only observe
colors) in all infinite game graphs, then the objective must be
$\omega$-regular. This provides a game-theoretic characterization of
$\omega$-regular objectives, and this characterization can help in obtaining
memory bounds. Moreover, a by-product of our characterization is a new
one-to-two-player lift: to show that chromatic finite-memory structures suffice
to play optimally in two-player games on infinite graphs, it suffices to show
it in the simpler case of one-player games on infinite graphs. We illustrate
our results with the family of discounted-sum objectives, for which
$\omega$-regularity depends on the value of some parameters.
D. Pedro II e a Matemática: interesses, mestres e estudos
Authors: Soares Flavia dos Santos , Carvalho João Bosco Pitombeira Fernandes de
Published: January 2023

Dentre os membros da família real brasileira, D. João VI e D. Pedro II são retratados como grandes incentivadores da formação científica do País com a criação de diversas instituições e com o mecenato, enviando brasileiros ao exterior e financiando outros em seus estudos. Várias biografias de D. Pedro II relatam suas atividades intelectuais e seu interesse pelas Artes, Ciências Naturais e idiomas. Além disso, Pedro II também estudou Física, Astronomia e Matemática. Este artigo tem por objetivo refletir sobre a educação recebida por D. Pedro II, seus mestres e especialmente sobre seus estudos de Matemática realizados em diferentes épocas de sua vida. As principais fontes utilizadas nessa pesquisa foram documentos manuscritos pertencentes ao Arquivo histórico do Museu Imperial de Petrópolis, no Rio de Janeiro. Este trabalho se insere em uma perspectiva de analisar a produção e o interesse pela Matemática demonstrado por não profissionais. Tentar-se-á relacionar alguns dos conteúdos estudados por Pedro II, quem foram seus mestres, bem como inferir sobre as possíveis referências a obras didáticas utilizados pelo monarca.
Elaboração de Objetivos de Aprendizagem de Matemática a partir do Saeb
Authors: Andrade Yasmin Maria Marzano , Matos Daniel Abud Seabra , Motta Carlos  Eduardo Mathias
Published: January 2023

Os objetivos foram: a) analisar as sentenças descritoras de itens de Matemática do Saeb; b) elaborar objetivos de aprendizagem a partir de sentenças descritoras oriundas de itens de Matemática do Saeb; c) categorizar os objetivos de aprendizagem segundo os processos cognitivos, a partir da Taxonomia Revisada de Bloom. A categorização dos objetivos de aprendizagem foi realizada de acordo com as áreas temáticas da BNCC e a Taxonomia Revisada de Bloom. O número final de objetivos de aprendizagem elaborados foi 87: (7) estatística e probabilidade, (27) geometria, (7) grandezas e medidas, (26) números e (20) álgebra. A classificação dos objetivos de aprendizagem nos processos cognitivos foi: (14) lembrar, (28) compreender, (35) aplicar e (10) analisar. Encontramos diversos verbos ambíguos ou usados de maneira inadequada. Em muitos desses casos foi preciso substituir esses verbos por outros, que expressavam com clareza o que os estudantes devem realizar para solucionar os problemas.
Tarefas Envolvendo Função Afim em Um Livro Didático: Uma Análise à Luz da Teoria Antropológica do Didático Realizada por Acadêmicos de Licenciatura em Matemática
Authors: Antunes Francieli Cristina Agostinetto , Nogueira Clélia Maria Ignatius
Published: January 2023

Este texto apresenta diferentes análises de tarefas envolvendo ‘função afim’ apresentadas em um livro didático. As análises foram efetuadas pelos autores deste artigo e por quatro grupos de acadêmicos de um curso de licenciatura em Matemática no âmbito de uma disciplina de caráter pedagógico, em que foram abordados vários conceitos com objetivo final de que os acadêmicos construíssem uma sequência de ensino para aprendizagem de função afim em uma turma do 1º ano do Ensino Médio. O livro foi analisado com base na Teoria Antropológica do Didático com a intenção de identificar os tipos de tarefas contempladas no livro e as técnicas sugeridas para a sua resolução, bem como os tipos de tarefas que não estão presentes, considerando o saber matemático ‘função afim’. A partir dos dados produzidos pelos acadêmicos, buscou-se identificar a relação pessoal dos grupos com o livro didático e com o objeto matemático função. As reflexões revelaram que tal relação é diferente, tanto a relação pessoal dos autores deste texto como a dos grupos de acadêmicos. Foi identificada, ainda, a necessidade de que o professor analise o livro didático utilizado em sala de aula e complemente as atividades propostas, a fim de proporcionar a construção do conhecimento do objeto matemático em questão.
Pensando, de Outro Modo, Um Tipo de Ensino Proposto Pela Educação Matemática Crítica (EMC), Dentro da Educação Matemática
Authors: Oliveira Júlio César Gomes de , Silva Marcio Antonio da
Published: January 2023

Este artigo objetivou analisar uma tecnologia de governo movimentada para a efetivação de possíveis posições de sujeitos (docentes e discentes) em um currículo-EMC. Utilizou, como corpus especializado de análise, artigos que foram publicados em revistas da educação matemática (Bolema, Zetetiké e Revista Paranaense de Educação Matemática) e trabalhos do Encontro Nacional de Educação Matemática (2010, 2013, 2016). A partir dessa materialidade e das análises, construiu-se o enunciado: “no ensino de matemática há proposição de realização de investigação (cenários para investigação), o aluno participa ativamente e o diálogo é uma prática que se faz indispensável”. Como resultado, o estudo argumenta que “realização de investigação” é uma técnica fundamental para a composição de um campo tecnológico de governo de um currículo-EMC. O artigo conclui, considerando o enunciado produzido, que a técnica “realização de investigação” compõe um modo de governar condutas sem governar por intermédio de um jogo estratégico entre as liberdades.
PENGEMBANGAN BUKU GAMBAR BERSERI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN MENULIS iNARASI PADA MATA PELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA KELAS IV SD NEGRI 106836 LIMAU MANIS
Authors: Intan Mutiah  , Beta Rapita Silalahi
Published: January 2023

This research is based on the problem found in SD Negeri 106836 Limau Manis, namely the absence of media in learning narrative writing skills. And make it difficult for students to express their ideas and ideas. The purpose of this study was to determine the improvement of narrative writing skills of fourth grade students of SD Negeri 106836 Limau Manis after using a series of picture books. This type of research is Research and Development (R&D) using the ADDIE model which has 5 stages but only uses 3 stages. The stages in research and development are Analysis, Design, and Development. The product validation stage was validated by 2 validators, namely 1 material expert and 1 media expert. The results of the validation on the picture book series about writing narratives by media experts scored 4.23 in the very good category, and the validation results by material experts obtained a score of 4.76 in the very good category. And obtained the average score of the two hali 4.50 in the very good category. It was concluded that the series of picture books to improve narrative writing skills in Indonesian class IV subjects at SD Negeri 106836 Limau Manis which was developed was suitable to be used as a learning medium.
Incidence of Cancer in Nodular Goitres
Authors: Pang Hee-Nee , Chen Chung-Ming
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Nodular goitres occur commonly in the population and this paper aims to determine the incidence of thyroid cancer found in these goitres.

Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective, consecutive analysis of the histology of 268 nodular goitres that had been operated on, from 2002 to 2004, in a single tertiary hospital in Singapore.

Results: Fifty-seven goitres (21.2%) with multiple nodules were found to contain a malignancy. Forty-four thyroid cancers (77%) were of the papillary type. The mean age of presentation for benign nodular goitres was 47.9 years. The mean age of presentation for malignant thyroid tumours was 49.25 years.

Conclusion: The incidence of cancer is significant in nodular goitres and these malignant tumours are usually of the papillary type.

Key words: Goitres, Malignancy, Thyroid
Cerebral Microangiopathy in Patients with Non-insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Petrica Ligia , Petrica Maxim , Munteanu Mircea , Vlad Adrian , Bob Falciu , Gluhovschi Cristina , Gluhovschi Gheorghe , Jianu Catalin , Schiller Adalbert , Velciov Silvia , Trandafirescu Virginia , Bozdog Gheorghe
Published: January 2023

Introduction: The aim of the study was to evaluate cerebral microangiopathy in type 2 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients and to establish potentially conducive factors.

Materials and Methods: A group of 34 patients with NIDDM and 31 gender- and age-matched normal controls (NC) were assessed by extracranial Doppler ultrasound, in order to evaluate the pulsatility index (PI) and the resistance index (RI) in the internal carotid arteries (ICAs); transcranial Doppler was utilised to assess the same parameters in the middle cerebral arteries (MCAs). All patients underwent screening for favouring factors for cerebral vascular remodelling.

Results: Of the 34 NIDDM patients, 21 patients (61.76%) (subgroup A) presented with microangiopathic complications [of these, 19 patients (90.46%) had diabetic nephropathy (DN)] versus 13 NIDDM patients (38.24%) (subgroup B) without complications. In subgroup A, 16 patients (76.19%) had PI >1 and RI >0.7 in the ICAs and MCAs (changes consistent with cerebral microangiopathy) versus 5 patients (35.46%) in subgroup B, and no modifications in NC. Of the 19 patients with DN, 14 patients (73.68 %) had impaired haemodynamic indices. Univariate regression analysis showed the following risk factors for the cerebral haemodynamics changes: fibrinogen (F) (OR = 3.11), C-reactive protein (CRP) (OR = 2.40), duration of DM (OR=2.40), proteinuria (OR = 1.80), serum creatinine (OR = 1.66). Multivariate regression analysis showed as predictors for impaired haemodynamic indices: duration of DM (HR =1.70), proteinuria (HR = 1.70). The haemodynamic indices in the ICAs correlated with duration of DM (r = 0.87, P <0.0001), F (r = 0.86; P <0.0001), CRP (r = 0.80; P <0.0001); in the MCAs with the duration of DM (r = 0.66, P <0.0001), F (r = 0.38; P <0.0001), CRP (r = 0.88; P <0.0001).

Conclusion: Cerebral microangiopathy has a high prevalence in NIDDM patients. These cerebral vascular changes correlate with the duration of DM, parameters of inflammation, and proteinuria.

Key words: Cerebral microangiopathy, Diabetic nephropathy, Doppler ultrasound, Non-insu-lin-dependent diabetes mellitus, Risk factors
Impact of Various Continuing Medical Education Activities on Clinical Practice – A Survey of Malaysian Doctors on its Perceived Importance
Authors: Loh Li-Cher , Ong Hean-Teik , Quah Soon-Hoe
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Medical talks, newsletter circulars, scientific meetings and conferences, and interaction with members of the pharmaceutical industry, have become convenient means of carrying out continuing medical education (CME) for many busy doctors.

Materials and Methods: To study the perceived importance of these various CME activities, a self-completed posted questionnaire survey was conducted among registered practitioners of a densely popu-lated urban state in Malaysia.

Results: Of the 172 respondents [male, 77%; hospital-based, 37%; general practitioner (GP), 55%; private practice, 70%; respondent rate of 19.5%], most preferred local conferences and endorsements by local experts to their foreign counterparts. Meetings or conferences sponsored by the pharmaceutical industry were ranked similarly with those without such links, while the reputation of the pharmaceutical firms was of foremost importance. Among GPs (n = 95) and non-GPs (n = 77), medical society newsletters were rated significantly higher by GPs while overseas conferences were rated higher by non-GPs.

Conclusion: Our findings provide an important first look at this under-explored area among Malaysian doctors and described a high degree of acceptance for the involvement of the pharmaceutical industry in CME activities.

Key words: Clinical practice, Continuing medical education, Doctors, Malaysia, Pharmaceutical industry
The Effect of Salt Stress on the Germination and Seedling Growth Parameters in Birdsfoot Trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.)
Authors: BÜYÜKYILDIZ Serhad , YILDIRIM Mehmet , KURT Ayşe Nida
Published: January 2023

This study was carried out to determine the response of birdsfoot trefoil to salt stress during germination and seedling growth. The seeds of birdsfoot trefoil (Sarıyıldız variety) was used as material. In the study; 6 different doses of NaCl (pure water (control), 250 ppm, 750 ppm, 2500 ppm, 5000 ppm, 10000 ppm) was applied to birdsfoot trefoil seeds during germination and emergence. Germination experiment was carried out in darkness (20±2 °C) in the petri dishes according to the completely randomized design with 4 replications. Observations were made every day at the same time, seeds with radicle length exceeding 2 mm were considered germinated. According to the results of the research, salt concentrations in many features in terms of germination and seedling development were statistically significant. Increased salt concentrations negatively affected germination and seedling growth. In terms of all the properties examined the lowest values were obtained in 10000 ppm application.
Evaluation of methods of avian leukemia virus inactivation in production of influenza vaccines
Authors: Savina NN , Ekimov AA , Shuklina MA , Trukhin VP , Evtushenko AE , Zhirenkina EN , Stepanova LA
Published: January 2023

The process of production of inactivated influenza vaccines involves a stage of inactivation of both the influenza virus and the possible viral contaminants that can come from the raw materials (chicken embryos). One of such contaminants is the avian leukemia virus. The minimum viral contaminant load reduction that the inactivating agents should guarantee is by 4 lg/ml; this or higher level of the deactivating ability ensures the finished vaccine is free from viral contaminants. The purpose of this work was to cultivate the leukemia virus to the titer of 5 lg/ml (minimum) and to measure the reduction of the avian leukemia virus titer in influenza vaccine intermediates upon exposure to the inactivating agents. The RAV-1 and RAV-2 leukemia virus strains and influenza vaccine intermediates such as virus-containing allantoic fluid and virus concentrates were used in the study. Avian leukemia virus titers were determined by enzyme immunoassay. We created conditions for cultivation of the RAV-1 and RAV-2 avian leukemia virus strains in the primary culture of chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEF); the inactivating agents considered were the most commonly used β-propiolactone and UV radiation. It was found that after 12 hours of exposure to β-propiolactone, the RAV-1 avian leukemia virus load decreased by 4.61 ± 0.46 lg, and that of RAV-2 strain - by 4.33 ± 0.33 lg, which indicates that β-propiolactone is an effective inactivating agent. Five minutes of exposure to UV radiation reduces the RAV-1 strain viral load by 4.22 ± 0.31 lg and RAV-2 strain viral load by 4.44 ± 0.48 lg.
Knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding treatment of group a beta hemolytic tonsillo pharyngitis and prevention of rheumatic fever among doctors in Karachi, Pakistan: a perspective study
Authors: Arshad Ali Shah  , Dil Bahar Shah Asad  , Syed Saboor Hasan  , Rohan Kumar Ochani  , Asim Shaikh  , Mukesh Kumar  , Dileep Kumar
Published: January 2023

Objective: To assess knowledge and practices associated with rheumatic fever among medical practitioners in an urban setting.
Method: The cross-sectional study was conducted at five major hospitals in Karachi from August to November 2019, and comprised house officers, postgraduate trainees, and general physicians of either gender. The subjects were given a questionnaire assessing their knowledge and perception regarding acute rheumatic fever as well as prophylaxis. Data was analysed using SPSS 25.
Results: Of the 247 respondents, 173(70%) were house officers, 31(13%) were postgraduate trainees and 43(17%) were general physicians. Overall, 202(82%) subjects were associated with some teaching hospital. Significantly more postgraduate trainees and general physicians answered correctly when asked to identify clinical and laboratory findings suggestive of Group A streptococcal throat infection than house officers (p<0.001). Among the house officers 49(28.3%), and among the postgraduate trainees 11(35.4%) knew the correct way to prescribe penicillin to prevent rheumatic fever. Among the general physicians, 20(46.5%) had accurate knowledge regarding the prescription.
Conclusion: Knowledge and practices of medical practitioners regarding rheumatic fever were less than ideal and may play a part in misdiagnoses of Group A streptococcal infections and, hence, prophylaxis.
Key Words: Rheumatic fever, Preventive medicine, Rheumatic heart disease, Pakistan.
On mixed problems for a class of fractional order equations with involution
Authors:   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Muratov Kh.A. , Turmetov B.Kh. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University
Published: January 2023

In this paper, we consider new classes of differential equations of fractional order related to Hadamard derivatives. These equations generalize the well-known heat conduction equation for the fractional exponent of the time derivative. For the equations under consideration, mixed problems with Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions are studied. The Fourier method is used to solve these problems. Two auxiliary problems are obtained for ordinary differential equations of fractional order and ordinary differential equations with involution. The spectral properties of ordinary differential operators with involution are studied. For the main problems, theorems on the existence and uniqueness of solutions are proved.
Expression of the Theme of Kinship and Heroism in the Poems of Fariza Ongarsynova
Authors:   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Zhienbayev Y. , Asanova Z. ,   Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University
Published: January 2023

The theme of patriotism has a special place in the poems of Fariza Ongarsynova, one of the most popular poets in Kazakh literature in the 1960s. The fiery poems of the poet, who has a tender soul and sharp words, widely describe the past history and heroic events of the nation. People's writer of Kazakhstan, public figure, laureate of the State Prize named after Abai, outstanding poet Fariza Ongarsynova is one of the most famous lyric poets in Kazakh literature, as well as an example for contemporaries and the next generation of poets and writers. The poet, who wrote in various content and won everyone's hearts with her works, was mentioned in various articles and works about her poems. However, all of them were about her literary genre and her aesthetical feature. In this study, we tried to prove that we can use Fariza Ongarsınova’s works as valuable information to study and learn the folklore of Kazakh people. By specifying the folkloric elements in her poems, the way of using them in poetry will be examined. General information will be given by determining the poems written for relative’s names and heroes. “Anany zhoqtau” (The mourning for mother), “Anamen qoshtasu” (Farewell to mother), “Agalar” (Brothers), “Keybir zhengeyler” (Some sister’s in law), “Ake turaly oi” (The thought about father) the importance and relations of kinship in poems and the way they are told in poetry, “Qabanbay Batyr”, “Isataiga” (to Isatai), “Almas qylysh nemese men Mahambetpen qalay kezdestim” (Blade-sword or how I meet Mahambet), “Qyran turaly zhyr” (Epic about an eagle), “Qazaqtyn’ batyrlary” (Kazakh’s heroes) poems will examine the historical heroes of Kazakh people and the way the poet depicts them.
Methods of Teaching the Robotics Course in Elementary School
Authors:   South Kazakhstan State Pedagogical University, Ualikhanovа B.S. , Karataev N.S. ,   South Kazakhstan State Pedagogical University
Published: January 2023

The article is devoted to the presentation of the results of the study in order to disclose in primary school certain aspects of the use of the information and educational on the subject of computer science. The program and methodology of teaching the «Robotics» course for students of the 4th grade of elementary school are given. Therefore, it was noted that robotics is an applied science that prepares an automated technical system, is an important technical basis for the development of production, it was revealed that robotics at school is a way of preparing children for modern life, equipped with high – tech equipment, and it was shown that the application of robots in various fields in the life of mankind in the world and the prospects for the development of robotics are high. At the same time, it was shown that having technical creativity opens up a lot of opportunities for the younger generation, and if a child learns to build and master a robot, he will achieve large – scale achievements in adulthood. It is known that the most important task of the modern education system is the formation of educational activities in which students acquire the ability to self-development and selfimprovement, that is, it is obvious that the main goal will be to achieve through the conscious, active assimilation of social experience by students. That is why the teaching of robotics in primary grades contributes to the development of such information culture as the ability of students to carry out subsequent educational activities, as well as the ability to purposefully work and process information, use modern technical means and methods. In this regard, it is written that for the educational activities of the teacher, the connection of theory with the practice of applying the acquired knowledge on the way to turning it into a real product is important. As a result of drawing up a program that meets the objectives of the study, the forms and methods of teaching a «Robotics» course in elementary school were determined. The expected results are also clarified, which: -know the names and ways of connecting the main types of parts, the principles of operation of simple mechanism: the sequence of creating simple models: -the ability to read diagrams; observe discipline when performing work; analyze the model under the guidance of a teacher. Plan the sequence of its manufacture, control the result of practical work on the technological map; work individually, in a group; observe safety rules when working with a designer; be able to classify model details based on; -offer solutions to the problem, know the end result, choose and look for means to achive the goal, make a plan for solving problems, compare expediency in the process of work and be able to correct mistakes.
Efficiency of Teaching the Subject «Natural Science» in School in Connection with Causes And Effects In Nature
Authors:   S.Amanzholov East Kazakhstan University, Kalelova G.Zh. , Abdimanapov B.Sh. ,   Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University
Published: January 2023

The article deals with the problems of increasing the effectiveness of teaching the subject «Natural science» at school due to the relationship of causes and effects in nature. The main goal of educational projects in the subject of «Natural science» is to create favorable conditions for the formation of students' basic academic knowledge about natural activities and laws, simple skills in experimental activities, and the development of knowledge related to all academic visions of society. These knowledge and skill tasks are not the main goal; they should be, first of all, a means of forming the pedagogical and creative possibilities of the students' consciousness, obtaining new knowledge and information about nature as a research tool. The explanation and presentation of factors that change the environment contribute to the inevitable development of the academic worldview of students, the development of a welldeveloped concept of academic ideas in natural movements and activities, and the disclosure of relationships in the concept of an individual society-subject. The basis of the study of cause-andeffect relationships is considered to be the identification and presentation of the causes and consequences of these causes, leading to changes in natural things. The direction of natural science as a science related to natural activities and phenomena includes a set of natural sciences aimed at studying the volume-transitional features of natural objects, their appearance and patterns of formation. Introducing students to the environment, they carefully study the prerequisites and results of various phenomena occurring in nature. The result of the educational goal is perceived to inform students about the gradual development of the whole picture in the environment, the ways of their cognition, perception and understanding in high-quality digital images of natural actions and phenomena, the acquisition of relevant knowledge and skills, the effective application of the acquired knowledge.
The Forms of Organization of an Inclusive Educational Process for Teaching Computer Science
Authors:   Kazakh National Women's Teacher Training University, Salgarayeva G.I. , Makhanova A.S. ,   Kazakh National Women's Teacher Training University
Published: January 2023

Currently, the process of improving the education system is actively underway in our country. Along with solving everyday problems, systematic measures are being taken to ensure that children have equal opportunities for all. The article considers the forms of organization of the inclusive education process in teaching computer science to schoolchildren. The experience of inclusive education poses a number of problems for secondary schools and teachers. These problems include the organization of lessons in an inclusive classroom, the choice of the form of education for children with special educational needs, as well as other issues of the organization of the educational and educational process. The article presents ways to solve the above problems. The importance of research in the field of organizing training in the context of inclusive education is due to the need to develop a flexible education system, taking into account the individual needs of students. The modern education system offers two interrelated forms of education for children with special educational needs, this is an inclusive form of education that allows you to directly participate in the life of a comprehensive school and home education, in which an individual training program is developed. The article considers the possibility of using the capabilities of internet services in the implementation of these forms of education.
THE IMPORTANCE OF DEVELOPING A NETWORK COMMUNICATIVE CULTURE OF THE FUTURE TEACHER
Authors:   K. Zhubanov Aktobe Regional University, KERIMBAYEVA B.T. , KERIMBEKOV Y.R. ,   South Kazakhstan State Pedagogical University, SAPARGALIYEVA D.D. ,   K. Zhubanov Aktobe Regional University
Published: January 2023

The article defines the meaning of the concept of transformation in accordance with the characteristics of various fields of science, clarifies the features of digital transformation for educational organizations. The levels of replacement, improvement, change and transformation of changes in pedagogical practice are determined, which are a clear manifestation of digital transformation in education. In addition, the role of communicative revolutions in the history of mankind is determined. The value of communicative culture is determined in the case of interaction between communication and culture. The communicative qualities of the individual, which form the basis of pedagogical relations, are studied. The meaning of the concepts communicative culture of the teacher, pedagogical communication, and intercultural communication is determined. The role of the components of the teacher's communicative culture in professional pedagogical activity is considered. The communicative culture of a teacher is defined as a set of cultural norms, knowledge and values, knowledge and skills used in the course of his personal and pedagogical communication, contributing to its effectiveness. As components of a communicative culture, it is based on the ability for interpersonal relationships, acceptance and respect for opinions, differentiation and presentation of arguments, discussion of problems, readiness to communicate harmoniously and politely with strangers. As a result of the rapid development of information and communication technologies, the Internet has had a positive impact on increasing access to information for education and teachers. The network communication direction of traditional communication theory is often discussed today in the focus of attention of researchers and scientists. The content of the ethical principles of communication on the Internet is specified through psychological, emotional, technical, decorative and administrative categories. In the article, pedagogical communication in the electronic environment is considered as a developing pedagogical scientific direction that studies the effective interaction of participants in the educational process in the electronic educational environment. The actual communication skills of the teacher in the context of digitalization of educational processes are systematized. The effective factors of using network communications in the educational space of higher education organizations are revealed. The effectiveness of the use of training technology in the development of a communicative online culture of future teachers is substantiated.
The Possibilities of Applying Didactic Principles in Teaching Geography
Authors:   Sarsen Amanzholov East Kazakhstan University, Kumarbekuly С. , Gaisin I. ,   Kazan Federal University
Published: January 2023

The article describes the didactic principles of the formation of a system-activity approach in teaching geography. The forms and methods of teaching and conditions for the best use of didactic principles in pedagogical practice are considered. The use of modern didactic opportunities in the educational process and the expansion of the diversity of the content of the studied material increase the motivation and interest of students in learning, create conditions for creative cooperation and competition, encourage students to self-esteem and self-esteem. A well-chosen didactic teaching principle ensures the development of students' personality through their involvement in various independent purposeful actions, forms universal educational goals and achievements that form the basis of the educational process. The article describes the didactic conditions and principles of the formation of a system-activity approach in teaching geography. The forms and methods of teaching and conditions for the best use of didactic principles in pedagogical practice are considered. The use of modern didactic opportunities in the educational process and the expansion of the diversity of the content of the studied material increase the motivation and interest of students in learning, create conditions for creative cooperation and competition, encourage students to self-esteem and self-esteem. A well-chosen didactic teaching principle ensures the development of students' personality through their involvement in various independent purposeful actions, forms universal educational goals and achievements that form the basis of the educational process. Therefore, the essence of education of the XXI century is to develop a reliable inner core and goal-setting skills in order to find their own way in an increasingly uncertain, dynamically developing, unstable and increasingly complex world through a system-activity approach and natural science literacy. The principle of the system-activity approach is to form the personality of students and promote them in development when they perceive knowledge not in a ready-made form, but in the process of their own activities aimed at «discovering new knowledge». The technology of the system-activity method assumes the ability to extract knowledge by fulfilling special conditions in which students, relying on the acquired knowledge, independently discover and comprehend the educational problem. The ability of students to apply school knowledge in life is the most important aspect of the system-activity approach, functional literacy and the necessary skills of modern school education.