bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les premiers pères maristes en nouvelle-calédonie (1843-1853)
Authors: Essertel Yannick
Published: December 2023

Entre 1844 et 1853, Guillaume Douarre, premier vicaire apostolique de Nouvelle-Calédonie, avec quelques pères et frères Maristes, débarquent pour évangéliser la Nouvelle-Calédonie. Dans un pays vierge de présence coloniale, en dépit des intentions de prise de possession de la France, les Maristes débutent leur prêche dans la langue locale qu’ils ont apprise. Immergés dans une culture qu’ils essayent de comprendre ils obtiennent quelques conversions et forment des catéchistes comme futurs relais auprès des habitants. Or, en 1847, alors que Douarre réalise un voyage en Europe, une coalition menée par quelques chefs kanak détruit la mission et massacre un frère. En nous appuyant sur le Journal de l’évêque nous pouvons remonter aux origines de ce drame. Nous apprenons que les Kanak se demandent si les « âmes des ancêtres ne sont pas de retour » installant un premier malentendu. Âmes censées avoir un pouvoir sur les éléments de la nature. Un deuxième malentendu prend corps : le rite du baptême dispensé par les « ancêtres » fait mourir pour certains, surtout quand survient l’épidémie de peste entrainant la mort aussi de chrétiens. Ces causes mêlées à des frustrations diverses ont donc abouti à la destruction de la mission. En dépit de ce drame l’inculturation du christianisme était à l’œuvre comme pouvait en témoigner l’émergence d’une solide petite chrétienté. Celle-ci était formée par des Maristes, appliquant une pédagogie d’évangélisation respectant les cultures, recommandée par les Instructions de la Propaganda Fide.
Spectacular Latin
Authors: Lamers Han , Reitz-Joosse Bettina
Published: December 2023

This article explores the role of the Latin language in the context of political performance and spectacle under Italian Fascism. We investigate the different ways in which Latin words, phrases, and texts are used as visual and symbolic elements of Fascist performances and how they are staged in contemporary media coverage. Specifically, this article focuses on three case studies: first, human mosaics of the word DVX; second, the use of a tapestry bearing a Latin motto in the context the fourteenth anniversary of Fascism; and finally, the role of a Latin foundation deposit in an inauguration ceremony for building works at the Esposizione Universale di Roma. Two main arguments connect the three case studies. First, we argue that the Latin language does not simply gesture towards Roman antiquity, but that it is used to evoke several different pasts at the same time. Second, we show that the Latin language has a range of affordances for diverse audiences, which are tied closely to the visuality, materiality, and symbolism of Latin during the ventennio fascista.
Moving Images, Moving Bodies
Authors: Macintosh Fiona
Published: December 2023

At the end of the nineteenth century, under the influence of chronophotography and the arguments of the French musicologist Maurice Emmanuel, it was believed that ancient dance could be recovered for the modern world by animating the figures on ancient Greek vases. This led to a flurry of practitioners of so-called ‘Grecian’ dance across Europe, the US and the British Empire. At the beginning of the twentieth century, moving like a Greek became as popular and as liberating for women of the upper classes as discarding a corset and dressing in a Greek-style tunic. In the Edwardian period, since the most celebrated practitioners of Greek dance were women, this new corporeal Hellenism was viewed with deep suspicion as a perilous bid for Sapphic liberation from the patriarchy. But this new corporeality was no less part of a wider utopian return both to nature and the ideal of the collective that laid the groundwork for fascist appropriations of Greek dance in the 1920s.
The Steadfast Loyalty of Mary, Countess of Shrewsbury, ‘the Only Contriver of Bedlam Opposition’
Authors: Levin Carole
Published: December 2023

Mary Countess of Shrewsbury is much less well-known than her mother, Bess of Hardwick, and her niece, Arbella Stuart, but she was also a woman of strong character. One of her most significant characteristics was her loyalty, both to her family, especially her husband Gilbert, her daughters, and her niece, and to the Catholic faith, to which she converted as an adult. Both the loyalty to family and to her faith caused great trouble to her, particularly in the reign of James I, where, on his orders, she spent many years in the Tower.
Rehabilitating Reputation in Early Modern Venice
Authors: Koncz Caroline
Published: December 2023

Until the sultanate’s fall from power in 1517, the Republic of Venice spent several lucrative centuries trading with the Mamluks of present-day Egypt and Syria. Even in their final years of partnership, Venice’s close contact with the Mamluks continued, as visually described in The Reception of the Venetian Ambassadors in Damascus (1511). In the composition, the anonymous Venetian painter depicts a diplomatic meeting of these two parties. This article proposes that the contested patron of the work, Pietro Zen, had a specific agenda in commissioning the painting. As the consul in the composition, Zen had the Reception created to erase his past errors as ambassador to Damascus. By repainting history, Zen hoped to restore his reputation as a skillful Venetian diplomat as well as render for posterity his family’s legacy of working in the Levant.
As Barren as Mother Eve: Why Some Poems End Badly, According to Pre-modern Arabic Critics
Authors: Blankinship Kevin
Published: December 2023

Pre-modern Arabic literary critics often discuss why poems are good, or at least, why some poems are better than others. This article discusses why critics think poems are bad, or at least, why some poems are worse than others. Specifically, why some poems are bad in terms of how they end. Examples of allegedly poor poetic closure, al-intihāʾ or al-khitām, appear in works of “practical criticism” such as anthologies, rhetorical manuals, books on writing craft, and evaluations of specific poets. Such works avoid theorizing, thus demanding a bit of educated guesswork. Given this, pre-modern Arabic critics disdain poems without a “punchline,” which keeps poetry from being like prose, going on and on. They think poems should end with rhetorical force, couched in a witty saying or image, while avoiding farfetched metaphors that distort the message. That message should not be ill-suited to the occasion, and it should be integral to the poem, which signals a tacit sense of poetic unity beyond the line.
Deconstructive Narratives, Decreasing Doublets, Deceptive Cadences, and the Design of Circles: Strategies for Building a Closure in the Arabian Nights
Authors: Thomann Johannes
Published: December 2023

While the beginning of the frame narrative in The Thousand and One Nights has generated many interpretations, its ending has gone almost unnoticed. This article discusses various narrative strategies for constructing an ending. The examples are taken from a corpus of texts consisting of the Arabic collection Alf layla wa-layla (“The Thousand and One Nights”) as it existed in the 9th/15th century and the so-called “orphan stories,” the tales Ḥannā Diyāb (c. 1688 – after 1763) told to Antoine Galland (1646–1715), who published them in expanded form in volumes nine through twelve of his Mille et une nuit[s]. It is argued that The Thousand and One Nights are by no means an arbitrary compilation of stories. On the contrary, they are a carefully crafted literary composition. This is particularly evident in the way of constructing narrative closures which create a feeling of satisfactory completion. This is demonstrated by pointing to narrative devices discovered in literary studies of works of the highest stratum of world literatures. It also advocates studying the work in its original form, the text of which has yet to be reconstructed.
Inevitable End? Al-Amīn’s Death Narrated by al-Ṭabarī
Authors: Behzadi Lale
Published: December 2023

The violent end of a human life, especially when it is an end brought about by other human beings, can have an enormous effect on the remembering of events leading up to it as well as on the perception of the aftermath. The socalled War between Brothers is a well-known passage in al-Ṭabarī’s (d. 310/923) Annales that relates the conflict between the half-brothers al-Amīn (d. 198/813) and al-Ma ʾmūn (d. 218/833) over who would succeed their father, the caliph Hārūn al-Rashīd (d. 193/809), resulting in the assassination of then-caliph al‑Amīn in Baghdad in the year 198/813 by al-Ma ʾmūn’s troops. While the reader of this account already knows the outcome, it will be of interest to look closely at the various narrative elements, strategies, and dynamics employed to describe and analyze the last moments of al-Amīn’s life. The focus of this paper is to show how the unfolding of decision-making shapes the composition of this passage and how the end of the story, as well as of al-Amīn’s life, is presented as the result of earlier decisions.
“Internalizing the West”: Western Learning, Practical Learning, and Nationalist Historiography in Korea, 1930s–1980s
Authors: Jongtae Lim
Published: December 2023

This article examines how historical narratives on Western Learning in the late Chosŏn period emerged and evolved under the influence of nationalist historiography in late twentieth-century Korea. Despite virtual unanimity among historians about the nationalist understanding of Western Learning as a trend paving the way for Korea’s modernization, the role historians have attributed to it, especially in relation to the Practical Learning (sirhak 實學) school, known as the intellectual alternative to Neo-Confucianism, varied greatly. Especially important in shaping the narrative on Western Learning was the rise of ideological “internalism” in the 1960s, which prioritized internal dynamism over external stimuli as the main source of modernity in late Chosŏn Practical Learning. This dominant historiographical orientation of the period assigned historians of Western Learning the difficult task of relegating Western Learning, obviously an element external to Chosŏn society, to a secondary but still significant role in preparing for Korea’s transition to modernity.
Effect of initial twins on mechanical properties of additive manufacturing CoCrNi alloy and molecular dynamic simulation
Authors: Kong Xu , Cheng Haiyi , Jiang Yuying , Hu Di
Published: December 2023

The influence of twins on laser additive CoCrNi MEA was analyzed by experiments and molecular dynamic simulation. Results showed that the traditional laser additive CoCrNi MEA was prone to slip in the (111) direction. EBSD analysis showed an obvious 60°(111} axial angle pair relationship,
which is related to the slower cooling rate. The results of molecular dynamic simulation showed that the yield strength of CoCrNi MEA increases first and then decreases, and the material has a critical twin density. When the twin density is less than the critical twin density, the strength
of the material increases due to the thinning effect of the twin boundary on the grain. When the twin density is greater than the boundary twin density, the nucleation and proliferation of the twin boundary and the junction of the two become the dominant factors of the material deformation.
When the twin density is far from the critical value, the twin spacing becomes smaller, the dislocation sources increase, the dislocation nucleation and proliferation increase, and the strength of the material decreases.
Characterization of electrospun pluronic F68/polyvinyl alcohol nanofibers composites containing titanium dioxide, silver, and cobalt nanoparticles for biomedical applications
Authors: Es-Saheb Mahir , Fouad Yasser , Ibrahim Khalid A.
Published: December 2023

Nanoscale drug delivery systems and biomedical sensors are witnessing huge research interests. Polymeric nanoparticles, nanofibers, liposomes, and nano-emulsion are regarded as novel sensors and drug delivery systems including the various types of wound dressings formulated by micro/nanofibers,
hydrogels, hydrocolloids, films, foams, and sponges. Consequently, the electro-spun nanofibrous mats received the most attention since the drugs and nanoparticles embedded nanofibers have been recognized as the potential candidates for sensors and wound dressing applications. These composite
materials have superior surface area-to-volume ratio, high nano-porosity, distinct skin extracellular matrix structure, and ease of electro-spinning, which also supports a prolonged drug release. In this study the main advantages of the nano-fibrillary network and the active substances that
can be incorporated in fabricating the composite nanofibers as sensors and wound dressing materials are discussed. The promising “Pluronic F68” and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), materials are used including nanoparticles (NPs) of titanium dioxide (TiO2), silver, and cobalt.
The difficulties that arise by converting the Pluronic into nanofibers via electrospinning due to its low melting point and beads formation and the blending of this material with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) are discussed. The electro-spinability of the pure Pluronic, PVA and their blends are evaluated.
The microstructures and morphologies of the fabricated composite nanofibers and structures are characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DSC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and transmission electron
microscopy (TEM). The fabricated blended nanofibers were found to be compact and entangled having a diameter from 50 nm to 80 nm and length ranging from 1 to 3 μm. Meanwhile, the pure Pluronic produced nano-beads with an average size of 40 nm. These nanocomposites can be used in
biomedical applications such as biosensors by embedding nanoparticles of TiO2, silver, and cobalt and for antibacterial treatment in woundcare dressings.
Tokenism and Its Long-Term Consequences: Evidence from the Literary Field
Authors: Childress Clayton , Nayyar Jaishree , Gibson Ikee
Published: December 2023

Research on tokenism has mostly focused on negative experiences and career outcomes for individuals who are tokenized. Yet tokenism as a structural system that excludes larger populations, and the meso-level cultural foundations under which tokenism occurs, are comparatively understudied. We focus on these additional dimensions of tokenism using original data on the creation and long-term retention of postcolonial literature. In an institutional environment in which the British publishing industry was consolidating the production of non-U.S. global literatures written in English, and readers were beginning to convey status through openness in cultural tastes, the conditions for tokenism emerged. Using data on the emergence of postcolonial literature as a category organized through the Booker Prize for Fiction, we test and find for non-white authors (1) evidence of tokenism, (2) unequal treatment of those under consideration for tokenization, and (3) long-term retention consequences for those who were not chosen. We close with a call for more holistic work across multiple dimensions of tokenism, analyses that address inequality across and within groups, and a reconsideration of tokenism within a broader suite of practices that have grown ascendent across arenas of social life.
The Use of Dynamic Navigation Systems as a Component of Digital Dentistry
Authors: Tang W.L. , Chao X.Y. , Ye Z. , Liu M.W. , Jiang H.
Published: December 2023

The development of dynamic navigation system (DNS) has facilitated the development of modern digital medicine. In the field of dentistry, the cutting-edge technology is garnering widespread recognition. Based on the principles of 3-dimensional visualization, virtual design, and precise motion tracking, DNS is mainly composed of a computer, a tracking system, specialized tracer instruments, and navigation software. DNS employs a workflow that begins with preoperative data acquisition and imaging data reconstruction, followed by surgical instrument calibration and spatial registration, culminating in real-time guided operations. Currently, the system has been applied in a broad spectrum of dental procedures, encompassing dental implants, oral and maxillofacial surgery (such as tooth extraction, the treatment of maxillofacial fractures, tumors, and foreign bodies, orthognathic surgery, and temporomandibular joint ankylosis surgery), intraosseous anesthesia, and endodontic treatment (including root canal therapy and endodontic surgery). These applications benefit from its enhancements in direct visualization, treatment precision, efficiency, safety, and procedural adaptability. However, the adoption of DNS is not without substantial upfront costs, required comprehensive training, additional preparatory time, and increased radiation exposure. Despite challenges, the ongoing advancements in DNS are poised to broaden its utility and substantially strengthen digital dentistry.
Belling the cat: Designing collective action institutions for natural resource management in the peri-urban interface
Authors: Narain Vishal , Ranjan Pranay
Published: December 2023

Peri-urban spaces are experiencing tremendous growth in the Global South, which in turn has fuelled a suite of environmental and natural resource management challenges, including inequitable access to and conflicts over natural resources, and the existence of institutional lacunae. Against this backdrop, we examine how scholars study collective action institutions around natural resource management in peri-urban spaces, with a regional focus on South Asia, and present its implications for institutional design and development in peri-urban contexts. In order to do so, we use ‘organic institutions’ and ‘pragmatic institutions’– a type of institutional classification grounded in the origin of institutions, as a conceptual entry point. We find that less is known about the role of organic institutions in enabling collective action around natural resource management in peri-urban spaces, even though their understanding is key for efforts at building effective pragmatic institutions. The paper concludes that practitioners working in peri-urban spaces should invest resources into understanding underlying social differences and developing strategies to mobilise social groups, by developing an understanding of organic institutions in peri-urban spaces.
Targeting CGRP pathways and aura: A peripheral site with a central effect
Authors: Al-Karagholi Mohammad Al-Mahdi
Published: December 2023

Targeting CGRP-pathways has substantially expanded our options for treating individuals with migraine. Although the efficacy of these drugs on migraine aura is yet to be fully revealed, it seems from existing studies that CGRP antagonism reduces the number of migraine auras. The present perspective summarizes the evidence linking CGRP to the migraine aura and proposes a model by which targeting the CGRP-pathways and, thus, inhibition the interaction between C- and Aδ-trigeminal fibers might reverse a possible high cortical glutamate level leading to a reduced number of migraine auras.
Reactive Extrusion of Waste Plastics with Compatibilizer and Lightly Pyrolyzed Crumb Rubber for Asphalt Modification
Authors: Ma Yuetan , Demchuk Zoriana , Polaczyk Pawel , Zhou Hongyu , He Qiang , Baumgardner Gaylon L. , Huang Baoshan
Published: December 2023

Modifying asphalt is a potentially high-value application for reusing waste plastics because of the high-volume usage of asphalt in highway construction. However, simply blending hot plastics and asphalt encounters difficulties related to the poor solubility of polymers, which limits the formation of a swollen network with asphalt molecules. The polymer phases also tend to coalesce and separate from asphalt during high-temperature storage in static conditions. The present study developed an innovative process to stabilize waste plastics in asphalt and improve binder storage stability by using lightly pyrolyzed crumb rubber together with a chemical compatibilizer. Both polymers were extruded to produce a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) for asphalt modification. The mechanical performance and chemical reactions of TPEs were characterized via tension test and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The storage stability and rheological properties of modified binder blends were evaluated through laboratory asphalt stability test and dynamic shear rheometer test. Polymer phases and network structures were characterized through optical microscopy. It was found that the pyrolyzed and reactive extrusion process improved the rubber solubility and polymer interaction, and therefore the storage stability of modified binder blends. The co-existence of rigid plastic and soft rubbery regimes in an entangled network provided a promising pathway to improve the mechanical performance of asphalt binders in both high- and low-temperature domains.
Toward a Phenomenological Understanding of Internet-Mediated Meme-ing as a Lived Experience in Social Distancing via Autoethnography
Authors: Zhang Ningfeng
Published: December 2023

As the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent social distancing measures have rendered online communication a “new normal” in the post-pandemic era, the production and consumption of internet memes have also emerged as a significant communicative paradigm in this context. However, academic discourses on internet-mediated meme-ing have tended to focus on socially oriented macro-perspectives with a pursuit of positivistic objectivity, leaving the experiential and subjective aspects of “everyday internet-mediated meme-ing” vis-à-vis individuals in a lifeworld less explored. To address this gap, this study uses structured vignette analysis (SVA) coupled with individual-oriented phenomenological reflexivity to elaborate on how internet-mediated meme-ing reveals itself as a meaningful lived experience for a “solitary conscious self” in the overall context of social distancing. It seeks to demonstrate the phenomenological applicability of the SVA as an autoethnographic method as well as highlight the individual-oriented phenomenological substantiality of meme-ing that involves self-other relations in social distancing.
Fracture morphology and strength characteristics of poly-lactic acid and poly-ethylene terephthalate glycol composites combined with taguchi method and response surface methodology
Authors: Jain Akash , Sahai Ankit , Sharma Rahul Swarup
Published: December 2023

The emergence of additive manufacturing has enabled scientists to efficiently construct complex geometries, facilitating the development of novel, high-impact energy-absorbing structures suitable for a wide range of industrial applications. The present study conducted flexural and impact test to quantitatively assess the energy absorption capabilities of polymer composites fabricated through fused filament fabrication. Specifically, the polymer composites investigated were multi-walled carbon nanotubes reinforced poly-lactic acid, carbon fibre reinforced poly-ethylene terephthalate glycol, and carbon fibre reinforced poly-lactic acid. The investigation also examined the influence of different infill patterns and nozzle hole diameters on the polymer composites. The investigation depicts that by altering the process parameters, the flexural strength is improved from 21.079 MPa to 70.653 MPa by 235.18%. The experimental study of impact specimens utilising the Izod impact test demonstrates that the rectilinear infill pattern and a nozzle hole diameter of 0.6 mm result in the highest energy absorption of 37.76 kJ/m2 for carbon fibre reinforced poly-lactic acid. The study revealed that the energy absorption of the specimens was significantly influenced by both the independent and interaction effects of process variables. The application of the fused filament fabrication demonstrates an improved energy absorption, making it suitable for manufacturing of vehicle and aircraft components.
Supporting the festival industry in troubled times: Higher education research and collaboration with festivals in South Africa during COVID-19
Authors: Snowball Jen , Drummond Fiona , Tarentaal Delon
Published: December 2023

This case study presents a critical reflection on the way COVID-19 lockdowns in 2020-2022 brought the festival industry in South Africa closer to higher education (HE) via a new and innovative collaboration. The research design allowed an international team to facilitate knowledge sharing and research support during a very challenging time for the industry. The project saw the development of a collaboration with seven festivals across South Africa. During the 15 months project, the collaboration allowed participants to build a new knowledge base - and a collaborative network - to survive the challenging times. Rather than a more extractive, top-down approach that saw festivals as “research subjects”, they were involved as research partners. Cultural organisations and members of the South African team acted as intermediaries, who used their existing networks and reputations to build a collaborative, trust-based relationship between industry partners and researchers where mutually beneficial outcomes were possible. The project thus became part of the South Africa festival ecosystem, creating opportunities for collaboration and knowledge exchange between festivals, cultural producers and academic researchers. The outcomes of the research helped to build a stronger creative economy and support its future development.
Cultivating Well-being of Nurses Through Job Crafting: The Moderating Effect of Job and Personal Resources
Authors: Zahoor Adil , Khan Danish , Fazili Shayan Basharat
Published: December 2023

We look into the way nurses’ job crafting perception (POC) affects their job crafting behaviour (JC) and, as a result, their well-being (WB). Further, the moderating function of personal and job resources (JR) is also scrutinised. We collected primary data from 773 nurses working in 12 private sector and public sector hospitals in Northern Indian states using a standardised questionnaire and deployed structural equation modelling to examine the hypothesised linkages. The empirical findings exposed that POC significantly predicts JC. Second, JC significantly ameliorates nurses’ hedonic and eudaimonic WB. Finally, personal resources (PR) intensify the influence of POC on JC, whereas JR do not. The findings imply that POC cultivates nurses’ JC behaviour, which, in turn, enhances their WB and PR catalyses this driver impact.
Rural Out-migration and Its Impact on Crop Production Efficiency of Producers in Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Eshetu Fassil , Haji Jema , Ketema Mengistu , Mehare Abule
Published: December 2023

The research delt with the effect of labour out-migration on output per hectare and efficiency of wheat and teff producers in Kembata-Tembaro and Hadiya zones of Ethiopia based on primary data gathered from 415 random sample of rural households. The multinomial endogenous switching model was used as an analytical model. According to the stochastic frontier model, the mean efficiency of wheat and teff are 82.98 and 66.43 per cent, respectively. According to the econometric results, rural–urban and international migration reduces wheat productivity by 110.94 and 179.11 kg, respectively. The average treatment effect on treated (ATT) also revealed that participation in international migration reduces Teff producers’ technical efficiency by 5.51 per cent. However, teff productivity is reduced by 382.94 and 747.49 kg due to rural urban and international migration, respectively. The lost labour channel of the modern theory of migration is maintained by the result of the study. So as to minimise the negative impact of out-migration in the study area, policymakers must focus more on promoting access to credit, irrigation, land, off-farm employment and public services for rural households.
Comparative studies on the rheological characteristics, functional attributes, and baking stability of xanthan and guar gum formulated honey gel matrix
Authors: Alam Masud , Malakar Santanu , Pant Kirty , Dar B. N. , Nanda Vikas
Published: December 2023

The research aims to enhance the characteristics of honey by incorporating xanthan gum (XG) and guar gum (GG) at various concentrations (0.5–2.0% w/w) and preparing a honey gel matrix (HGM) through high-shear homogenization. This approach serves as a substitute for fat-based filling materials commonly used in bakery products. The study encompassed an investigation of the rheological characteristics (steady and dynamic), total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity, and baking stability of the HGMs. The concentration of the gums used significantly influenced the transformation of honey into the HGM and its stability. Notably, the XG-HGM demonstrated greater shear thinning behavior and higher consistency compared to the GG-HGM. Herschel Bulkley and power law models were found to be the best-fitted models for XG-HGM and GG-HGM, respectively. Furthermore, both XG-HGM and GG-HGM exhibited a higher viscous component ( G″) than an elastic component ( G′) at low concentrations, up to 1% (w/w) for XG-HGM and 1.5% (w/w) for GG-HGM; however, this behavior reversed beyond those concentrations ( G′ >  G″). The XG-HGM exhibited lower temperature sensitivity compared to GG-HGM, indicating better stability under varying heat conditions. Moreover, both TPC and antioxidant activity decreased with increasing concentrations of both gums. The XG-HGM achieved the highest baking stability index, reaching 95.23% at a 2% concentration. This modified HGM formulated with XG demonstrated superior consistency, color retention, and exceptional baking stability, making it a promising candidate for application as a filling material in the bakery sector. Its improved stability and quality can facilitate the development of a wide range of baking products in the food industry.
Intravesical Textiloma: A Rare Complication Following Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair – A Case report
Authors: El Omri Ghassane , Rais Hamza , Rachid Moussaab , Guennouni Meryem , Heddat Abdeljalil
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

Today, surgical errors are becoming less and less frequent, thanks to the development of new techniques and the choice of different approaches. Nevertheless, they are still possible, and it is important to mention them in order to prevent them and avoid their recurrence.

Case Presentation:

We report a case of intravesical textiloma, rarely observed in urological surgery, in an 80-year-old patient who underwent laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair and presented to a urological consultation with hematuria and irritative lower urinary tract signs. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a hyperechoic tissue-like formation in the posterior wall of the bladder. The diagnosis of a bladder tumor was therefore raised, and cystoscopy was performed, which revealed an intravesical textiloma. All foreign bodies were removed endoscopically, and the patient had a good post-operative outcome.

Conclusion:

The rarity of the urological location of textilomas and the importance of their prevention remain a goal in surgery, whatever the specialty.
Who was hurt? Effects of victim characteristics in news articles about far-right violence on fear and terrorism label use
Authors: Knupfer Helena , Kaskeleviciute Ruta , Matthes Jörg
Published: December 2023

Right-wing extremist (RWE) violence and terrorism pose a severe threat to Western societies, including Germany. This study tests how differences in journalistic descriptions of minority and majority victims of such attacks affect news readers. Building on social identity theory, we conducted a 2 (nationality: German, Turkish) × 2 (humanization, no humanization) × 2 (ingroup activation, no ingroup activation) between-subjects experiment in Germany ( N = 420). We exposed participants to news articles about fictional RWE violent attacks and investigated how victims’ nationality, humanization—mentioning the victims’ friends and family and positive traits—and ingroup activation, i.e., explicitly stating that the victim was someone from the midst of society, impact perceived similarity to the victims and in turn (1) fear of right-wing terrorism and (2) the extent to which participants perceive the violent act as terrorism. We found that journalistic practices of humanization and ingroup activation do not mitigate the negative effect of Turkish nationality on similarity. Similarity positively relates to fear and use of the terrorism label. Further results, limitations, and implications for journalism practice are discussed.
Bearing witness, animal rights and the slaughterhouse vigil
Authors: Cooke Steve
Published: December 2023

Animal activists sometimes engage in vigils and acts of witnessing as forms of political protest. For example, the Animal Save Movement, a global activist network, regards witnessing the suffering of non-human animals as a moral duty of veganism. The act of witnessing is intended to non-violently communicate both attitudes and principles. These forms of activism are unlike other forms of protest, relying for much of their force upon passive, non-confrontational actions. This article explores the ethical character of vigils and witnessing in order to evaluate their role in animal rights activism. It argues that the love-based ethic behind the Animal Save Movement's form of witnessing is overly demanding, overly expansive and overly deferential towards wrongdoers. In its place, this article offers a narrower account of witnessing, detached from controversial spiritual elements. Vigils and conscious acts of witnessing, it is claimed, are political acts aimed at fulfilling duties to seek justice for non-human animals.
Nonfluoroscopic 3D Image Guidance System Reduces Navigation Times Through Five 3D-Printed Iliofemoral Vascular Phantoms
Authors: Braga Daniel , Ducaud Cristobal , Camardo Andrew , Hofacker Hannah , Goel Vikash , Beasley Robert
Published: December 2023

Purpose:

To assess the potential adjunctive role of a 3D electromagnetic (EM) navigational system for use in above-knee vessels afflicted with peripheral artery disease (PAD). Peripheral artery disease can be challenging to operators encountering significant vessel tortuosity, calcium, and stenoses, which may require prolonged procedure times and excessive use of nephrotoxic iodinated contrast when performed with conventional fluoroscopy.

Materials and Methods:

Following appropriate ethical oversight, five 3D-printed bench phantoms modeling tortuous calcified PAD were created based on source CTA (computed tomography angiography) data sets from real patients. Investigational software was developed based on a commercially available aortic EM navigation platform (Intraoperative Positioning System [IOPS]; Centerline Biomedical, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio), with patient-specific structural maps of vessel lumens and calcification. Using a sensorized prototype 6 French (Fr) catheter and 0.035” guidewire, 15 interventionalists traversed each phantom using the EM platform as well as 2D simulated fluoroscopy-like image guidance and the times were recorded. Participants completed a 10-item standard system usability scale (SUS) questionnaire (score 1–5, 5= strongly agree) evaluating system usability and user satisfaction. Navigation times and SUS scores were compared with a 1-tailed statistical t test.

Results:

Participants demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in navigation times using EM guidance, performing 0.7 minutes (42 seconds) faster on average ( P < .001), corresponding to a 25% average relative reduction. Participants reported sufficiently high levels of usability satisfaction, with a mean SUS score of 4.29 ( P < .001), exceeding the acceptance criterion (score ≥3.5).

Conclusion:

This preclinical phantom study highlights the future potential of Centerline Biomedical’s EM navigation technology as a possible adjunct to fluoroscopy for highly precise visualization and navigation of PAD-afflicted vasculature.

Clinical Impact

This preclinical proof-of-concept study highlights the feasibility of EM navigation not only for branch vessel cannulation, but also for inline navigation of peripheral vessels afflicted with calcified plaques via benchtop iliofemoral phantom simulations. The navigation platform studied addresses the need for improvements in EM technology through modelling algorithms that facilitate 3D visualization of calcified plaque in any projection in real time, in addition to sensorization of both catheter and guidewire in a compact 6Fr system.
Familial hepatic rupture in vascular Ehlers–Danlos syndrome in pregnancy with atypical thromboses
Authors: Patel Jesal , Neville Cai , Kumar Raj , Grey-Davies Elisabeth , Hutt Renata , van Dijk Fleur S. , Chan Li Yuan , Walter Edward
Published: December 2023

Lesson

This case highlights the importance of genetic testing over fibroblast testing and presents the first published thromboelastometry data in vascular Ehlers–Danlos syndrome.
What keeps them involved? An exploratory study of scientists’ participation mechanisms in science communication in China
Authors: Li Yang , Zhang Leilei
Published: December 2023

Scientists’ participation in science communication is essential to the communication between the public and the scientific community. Therefore, how to improve scientists’ enthusiasm and continued participation in this regard is a practical question. Through in-depth interviews with 27 scientists, media practitioners, university officers and relevant researchers in China based on grounded theory, this study explores the motivations and perceived conditions affecting scientists’ initial and sustained participation, analyses the possible relationships between the predictors and the motivation–attitude–behaviour mechanism of scientists’ participation and puts forward corresponding suggestions to provide references for related research and practice.
Multimorbidity and Blood Pressure Control in Patients Attending Primary Care in Canada
Authors: Nguyen Tu N. , Kalia Sumeet , Hanlon Peter , Jani Bhautesh D. , Nicholl Barbara I. , Christie Chelsea D. , Aliarzadeh Babak , Moineddin Rahim , Harrison Christopher , Chow Clara , Fortin Martin , Mair Frances S. , Greiver Michelle
Published: December 2023

Background:

There has been conflicting evidence on the association between multimorbidity and blood pressure (BP) control. This study aimed to investigate this associations in people with hypertension attending primary care in Canada, and to assess whether individual long-term conditions are associated with BP control.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study in people with hypertension attending primary care in Toronto between January 1, 2017 and December 31, 2019. Uncontrolled BP was defined as systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg. A list of 11 a priori selected chronic conditions was used to define multimorbidity. Multimorbidity was defined as having ≥1 long-term condition in addition to hypertension. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between multimorbidity (or individual long-term conditions) with uncontrolled BP.

Results:

A total of 67 385 patients with hypertension were included. They had a mean age of 70, 53.1% were female, 80.6% had multimorbidity, and 35.7% had uncontrolled BP. Patients with multimorbidity had lower odds of uncontrolled BP than those without multimorbidity (adjusted OR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.68-0.76). Among the long-term conditions, diabetes (aOR = 0.73, 95%CI 0.70-0.77), heart failure (aOR = 0.81, 95%CI 0.73-0.91), ischemic heart disease (aOR = 0.74, 95%CI 0.69-0.79), schizophrenia (aOR = 0.79, 95%CI 0.65-0.97), depression/anxiety (aOR = 0.91, 95%CI 0.86-0.95), dementia (aOR = 0.87, 95%CI 0.80-0.95), and osteoarthritis (aOR = 0.89, 95%CI 0.85-0.93) were associated with a lower likelihood of uncontrolled BP.

Conclusion:

We found that multimorbidity was associated with better BP control. Several conditions were associated with better control, including diabetes, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, schizophrenia, depression/anxiety, dementia, and osteoarthritis.
Fear of Crime, Perceived Risk, and Confidence About Dangerous Situations Among University Women in the United States and Poland
Authors: Lickiewicz Jakub , Hughes Patricia Paulsen , Makara-Studzińska Marta
Published: December 2023

The purpose of the study was to compare United States and Polish university women in regard to demographics, victimization experiences, sensation seeking, fear of dangerous situations, perceived likelihood of victimization, and confidence about managing dangerous situations. A total of 520 women completed the online instruments, which consisted of Perceptions of Dangerous Situations Scale (PDSS), Brief Sensation-Seeking Scale (BSSS), and a demographic questionnaire. Overall, in regard to Fear, Likelihood, and Confidence about dangerous situations, Polish women scored significantly higher in Fear and Likelihood than U. S. women. Differences in Confidence between the two groups were not statistically significant. The two groups differed in the frequency of victimizations in terms of violent crimes, rape, and abusive relationships. The groups also differed in Likelihood scores depending on prior victimization. U. S. women made less of a distinction than Polish women between their emotional (Fear) and their cognitive (Likelihood) appraisals of dangerous situations. Neither group of women scored higher in Fear if they had been previously victimized. The researchers found differences between Polish and U.S. university women in Fear and Likelihood scores, some of which may be related to cultural differences. Sensation seeking did not differ between the two groups. Regardless of country membership, women did not acknowledge rape by a known person to be as likely as rape by a stranger, nor did they acknowledge the greater likelihood of being beaten up by a known person than by a stranger. It is clear that more education is still needed.
The role of cancer nurses in cancer-related pain management in Europe
Authors: de Munter Johan , Dodlek Nikolina , Khmaladze Ani , Parreira Sara Torcato , Ullgren Helena , de Man Rik , de Jong Floris A. , Oldenmenger Wendy H.
Published: December 2023

Cancer pain is a common symptom in patients with cancer and can largely affect their quality of life. Pain management is important to minimize the impact of pain on daily activities. Cancer nurses are significantly involved in all steps of pain management and contribute to the success of therapy through their knowledge and expertise. While they generally play an important role in the screening, assessment, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of patients and their (pain) symptoms, this varies from country to country in Europe. An important aspect is their role in educating patients and their families about what pain is, what impact it can have, how it can be treated pharmacologically or non-pharmacologically and what effects or problems can occur during treatment. While there is a great discrepancy between education and training opportunities for cancer nurses in different European countries, there is a continued need for education and training in pain management. Cancer is increasingly becoming a chronic disease, and the management of pain in cancer survivors will be crucial to maintain an adequate quality of life. With this, the crucial role of cancer nurses is becoming even more important.
Patterns and determinants of location change in migrants’ residential mobility: A case study of Fuzhou
Authors: Lin Liyue , Wei Yuxing
Published: December 2023

Residential mobility is an important issue within urban and housing studies. However, the existing literature mainly focuses on the pattern and motivation for a move of residential mobility, and seldom examines the location changes before and after migrants’ residential mobility. This study adopts the perspective of life-course and social-psychological theories to depict the residential trajectories of Fuzhou migrants, explores the influencing factors of location change in residential mobility, and conducts a comparative analysis of inter-provincial and intra-provincial migrants. It is found that the majority of migrants just move between urban villages in the same township, and the dominant type of location change is an outward movement across the ring roads, and this trajectory is especially marked among intra-provincial migrants. Changes in neighborhood environment and perception are decisive in explaining the location change of both intra-provincial and inter-provincial migrants. Additionally, younger cohorts, marriage, and having children in the city only significantly affect inter-provincial migrants’ residential location change, while changes in housing conditions are only of great importance to intra-provincial migrants’ residential location change.
Relations between individual residence trajectory and macro social transformation: Passive relocation migrants in shanty town in Shanghai, China
Authors: Zhou Shuhan , Li Yanbo
Published: December 2023

In the context of socio-economic transformations, Chinese cities have entered the era of inventory land renewal, large-scale urban renewal, and old city renovation, which have triggered a large number of passive relocation behaviors, which led to intra-urban movements and migration. It is essential to understand what the Chinese family is undergoing before and after the relocation and how the macro social power impacts the trajectory of residence and living patterns of individual families step by step. Based on the oral history of Hongzhen Old Street informal settlement in Shanghai, using a qualitative research method, this article takes the life course of passive relocation migrants as a starting point, and summarizes a migrant residence transformation pedigree and survival mechanism from the gradual and struggling spatial practice before relocation, the decision-making and negotiation process, to the life after relocation with difficulty in taking root and community re-connection. This study reveals that in the long process of top-down land expropriation, residents have always been in an unsettled and temporary state, with their dynamic residential needs ignored, accelerating the decay and disorder of their neighborhood. In addition, although they have improved their spatial living conditions after the relocation, they still face the marginalization and deprivation of social resources. These problems reflect land economy, social capital, housing policy, and urban development mode.
Just Dollars and Cents: Making Change via a Virtual Money Manipulative
Authors: Long Holly M. , Bouck Emily C. , O’Reilly Carrie
Published: December 2023

Providing high-quality services to students with disabilities in rural settings can be challenging, as rural schools often lack resources both in and out of the classroom. One potential option to provide high-quality mathematics instruction to students with disabilities in rural areas is using virtual manipulatives and online instruction. In this study, a single-case research design was used to examine the progress of three high school students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDDs) as they used a virtual money manipulative within an online learning environment to solve making change problems. The researchers found a functional relation between the intervention package (i.e., a virtual money manipulative, modeling, system of least prompts) and the dependent variable of accuracy in solving making change problems across three students. In addition, all three students demonstrated an increase in independence during each session and maintained their accuracy and independence after the intervention concluded.