bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kegiatan Vaksinasi Imunisasi Dosis II Sinovac Bersama Team CC Squad Untuk Meningkatkan Herd Immunity Covid 19 Bagi Masyarakat Wilayah Condong Catur
Authors: Ratnaningsih Dwi
Published: August 2023

Pandemi COVID-19 yang telah melanda Indonesia menimbulkan dampak yang sangatsignifikan pada seluruh bidang kehidupan masyarakat seperti ekonomi, kesehatan, sosialdan budaya. Beberapa upaya, strategi dan kebijakan telah dilakukan oleh pemerintah untukmencegah dan mengurangi penyebaran dengan menurunkan morbiditas dan mortalitas akibatpenyakit COVID-19 ini.Upaya strategis dan regulasi yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah meliputipembatasan sosial berskala besar, mikro serta sosialisasi protokol kesehatan. Strategi alternatifyang diambil oleh pemerintah saat ini adalah pelaksanaan vaksinasi COVID-19.Kebijakanpemerintah ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi resiko penularan virus Corona sebagaipenyebab penyakit COVID-19. Dalam tahapan vaksin dosis pertama berfungsi untuk mengenalvaksin dan kandungan yang ada di dalamnya kepada sistem kekebalan tubuh serta untuk memicurespons kekebalan awal.Sementara pada tahapan dosis kedua (booster), kandungan vaksin akanberguna untuk menguatkan respons imun yang telah terbentuk sebelumnya. Tak hanya itu, Ahlipenyakit menular dari UCLA Health, Amerika Serikat, Otto Yang mengatakan bahwa suntikankedua vaksin juga dapat memperbesar sistem imun tubuh untuk mempelajari virus dan mencaricara menangkal infeksi berikutnya serta memicu respons antibodi yang lebih cepat dan lebih efektifdi masa mendatang.
Manajemen Kejadian Ikutan Pasca Imunisasi (KIPI) Di Poltekkes Permata Indonesia Dalam Acara Vaksinasi Massal Covid-19
Authors: Yogi Hernawan Jarot
Published: August 2023

Meningkatnya penggunaan vaksin yang diiringi oleh tingginya cakupan imunisasi mengakibatkantimbulnya kejadian yang berhubungan dengan imunisasi. Kementerian Kesehatan RepublikIndonesia telah menggunakan Sistem Informasi Pencatatan dan Pelaporan KIPI untuk mengetahuireaksi dari imunisasi yang diberikan, Sistem ini digunakan oleh seluruh provinsi di Indonesiaberdasarkan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Penelitian ini akan menguji terhadapkualitas website Sistem Informasi Kejadian Ikutan Pasca Imunisasi sebagai variabel bebas sejauhmana website ini dapat mempengaruhi penggunanya saat mengakses Sistem Informasi Pencatatandan Pelaporan Kejadian Ikutan Pasca Imunisasi. Sebagai variabel penilaian terdiri dari 3 komponenyaitu Kualitas kegunaan (Useability), Kualitas Informasi (Information Quality) serta Kualtias Interaksi(Interaction Quality) dengan menggunakan sampel sebanyak 75 orang. Dalam pengolahan datapenelitian kualitas website terhadap Sistem Informasi Pencatatan dan Pelaporan Kejadian IkutanPaca Imunisasi ini menggunakan SPSS 2.4 dalam pengolahan data. Hasil penelitiam dari rating scalemengambarkan bahwa penilaian terhadap Sistem Informasi Pencatatan Dan Pelaporan KejadianIkutan Pasca Imunisasi mendapatkan rating scale sangat baik, hal tersebut dibuktikan dari skala 301-375 useability mendapatkan hasil 316.1 yang artinya usability bernilai sangat baik, dari skala 301-375 information quality mendapatkan hasil 332.8 yang artinya information quality bernilai sangat baikdan dari skala 301-375 service interaction quality mendapatkan hasil 308.5 yang artinya serviceinteraction quality bernilai sangat baik.
KEGIATAN SOSIALISASI VAKSIN MODERNA BAGI IBU HAMIL DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS DEPOK II YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Tri Susilani Amalina
Published: August 2023

Sejak awal pandemi jumlah kasus positif Covid-19 di DIY semakin bertambah.Masyarakat memiliki peran penting dalam memutus mata rantai penularan Covid-19agar tidak menimbulkan sumber penularan baru. Vaksin untuk mencegah infeksiCovid-19 dianggap sebagai pendekatan yang paling menjanjikan untukmengendalikan pandemik dan diharapkan bisa membentuk herd immunity padamasyarakat. Berdasarkan survey pada ibu hamil di wilayah Sleman didapatkan bahwamasih terdapat pemahaman yang kurang tepat mengenai vaksin dan perkembanganterkini tentang penyakit Covid-19 maka diadakanlah kegiatan seminar sosialisasidengan tujuan agar dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan mengenai Covid-19 danvaksinasinya sehingga nantinya mereka dapat menjadi edukator dan motivator yangselanjutnya dapat meningkatkan partisipasi masyarakat untuk mengikuti programvaksinasi Covid-19 dengan sukarela.
PENYULUHAN PENTINGNYA GIZI DALAM KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI PADA MASA REMAJA AKHIR DI RUMAH TAHFIZH IZZATUL QURAN YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Naila Fauziah Elly
Published: August 2023

Latar belakang: Menurut UU No. 36 Tahun 2009 Tentang Kesehatan, kesehatan reproduksi adalah keadaan sehat secara utuh dari fisik, mental, sosial, yang berkaitan dengan sistem, fungsi, dan proses reproduksi laki-laki dan perempuan. International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF) pada tahun 1996 merumuskan 12 hak-hak reproduksi, yang salah satunya ialah hak mendapatkan informasi dan Pendidikan, yaitu setiap individu mempunyai hak atas informasi dan pendidikan mengenai kesehatan reproduksi dan seksual termasuk jaminan kesehatan dan kesejahteraan perorangan maupun keluarga. Rumah Tahfidz Izzatul Quran Yogyakarta merupakan suatu lembaga pendidikan quran yang bersifat mukim, yang mana keseluruhan peserta didiknya merupakan perempuan pada masa remaja akhir (18- 24 tahun). Pendidikan terkait pentingnya Kesehatan reproduksi menjadi penting, mengingat bahwa setiap orang memiliki hak untuk mendapatkan pendidikan terkait Kesehatan reproduksi. Di samping itu, pada masa remaja akhir inilah pendidikan gizi dalam kesehatan reproduksi tepat untuk diberikan untuk bekal mereka dalam menghadapi masa reproduktif (20-35 tahun). Metode pelaksanaan: Menggunakan kuesioner pre-test dan post-tes, serta penyuluhan (diberikan satu kali pertemuan). Hasil dan pembahasan: Terdapat perbedaan hasil pre-test dan post-test, diperoleh peningkatan rata-rata pengetahuan remaja dari 5.70 (pre-test) menjadi 8.60 (post-test). Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan Sig. 2 tiled 0,00 (<0,025), menunjukkan H0 ditolak, sehingga terdapat hubungan antara penyuluhan dengan peningkatan pengetahuan kader dalam memberikan edukasi. Kesimpulan: Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat melalui penyuluhan terhadap remaja ini efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan remaja. Penyuluhan ini perlu selalu dilakukan secara berkala dan terjadwal dengan topik dan kegiatan yang berhubungan dengan Gizi dalam Kesehatan Reproduksi.Kata Kunci: Gizi Remaja; Promosi Kesehatan; Kesehatan Reproduksi
Simple Science Experiment at KB-TKIT Salman Al-Farisi 2 Yogyakarta
Authors: Purwanti Ratih
Published: August 2023

Early Childhood Education (PAUD) is essentially education that is held with the aim of facilitating the growth and development of children as a whole or emphasizing the development of all aspects of the child's personality. Therefore PAUD provides an opportunity for children to develop their personality and potential to the fullest. Children have a very high curiosity. This curiosity needs to be facilitated by adults, including parents/tutors/teachers who function as children's teachers. Children can learn anything from an early age, including learning science. Learning science from an early age begins by introducing nature and the environment. This will enrich the child's experience. Children learn to experiment, explore, and investigate their surroundings. This Community Service Activity (PkM) aims to improve children's skills in honing the ability to think about simple science events and provide education to children about simple experiments. This activity is carried out in the form of simulations and direct practical assistance to TK- KBIT Salman Al-Farisi 2 Yogyakarta. The first experiment was blowing up a balloon with a bottle. The second experiment is to make rainbow colors in a bottle and the third is a lava lamp. The result of this activity is that participants can carry out simple science experiments and gain scientific knowledge from the experiments carried out

 

Keywords: experiments, childhood, science
Women’s Access to Justice: Ending Violence against Women in Pakistan
Authors: Qaisrani Ayesha , Liaquat Sadaf
Published: August 2023

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) continues to be the most pervasive form of Violence against Women (VAW) in Pakistan, manifested through abuses varying in nature from physical, sexual, or economic to psychological form of violence. While these acts of violence occur at the micro level and are often explained in terms of individual or household characteristics, the macro landscape of access to justice, rule of law and governance mechanisms also shape the degree to which such acts continue to happen. Despite positive developments in the legal arena and policy landscape related to VAW, serious violations continue to take place which question the effectiveness of the mechanisms and structures in place to curb and prevent VAW. Based on an in-depth policy and legal analysis and drawing from a high-level discussion on barriers to women’s access to justice, especially related to IPV, this paper teases out the gaps and weaknesses that hinder women’s access to justice. The paper also elucidates a number of policy recommendations, which if adopted, can help ease women’s journey to achieve justice.
Repackaging News Content: Exploring Routines of Pakistan’s Wire Services
Authors: Taj Sohail , Riaz Saqib , Hussain Shah Babar
Published: August 2023

This study was conducted to explore editorial processes of wire services in Pakistan, specifically looking at repackaging of content to reproduce news – a phenomenon known as Churnalism. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data from wire services operating in Islamabad, Pakistan. Editors of wire services, recognised by the government’s Press and Information Department (PID), including the state-owned Associated Press of Pakistan (APP), were interviewed. It was found that wire services are heavily reliant on press releases, publicity reports, and monitoring of mainstream and social media for their reporting. Editors of wire services were of the view that their work is plagiarised, and this practice is more prevalent in regional newspapers. A strong dependence on government grants, allocated for news agencies, was also noted. No physical or online presence of several news agencies, recognised by the PID, could be found.
Cyber Warfare Trends, Tactics and Strategies: Lessons for Pakistan
Authors: Baloch Rafay
Published: August 2023

With the advent of the digital revolution, computer security has gradually evolved from a technology problem to a business and safety problem. Unlike conventional warfare, cyber warfare is inexpensive, effective and obscure, which in case of conflict, offers nation states a combination of cyber tools such as espionage, subversion, disinformation, and propaganda. Cyber warfare may prove decisive in many international conflicts in the future. This paper discusses the evolution of cyber-attack surfaces, adversaries and next generation cyber-attacks, and illustrates the security risks posed by the technological revolution and its impacts. It further discusses the potential solutions, and measures which the Government of Pakistan (GoP) may take to build effective detection and response cyber warfare capabilities. The GoP should consolidate the available cluster of skills and technology to establish a national agency mandated to conduct cybersecurity for efficient critical asset protection and effective response to any kind of cyber-attack.
Intercultural Dialogue for Sustainable Development
Authors: Kamali-Chirani Fatemeh
Published: August 2023

Climate change, new economic and social-cultural issues have changed peoples’ lives significantly, forcing states and civil societies to take action which is why sustainable solutions and development are attracting more attention. ‘Intercultural Dialogue’ has been applied in different fields to build peace, promote education skills and enhance mutual understanding. This study scrutinises why ‘Intercultural Dialogue’ should be used to achieve sustainable development and comments on its role in different areas, particularly focusing on the work of the Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI) - an organisation which specifically works on this issue in Pakistan. Using analytical and a combination of qualitative methods, the study finds that ‘Intercultural Dialogue’ has been relevant in sustainable development because it enriches mutual understanding of different stakeholders who deal with issues such as gender, human rights and climate change, gain deeper knowledge about citizen concerns and inform policy.
Understanding a Big Elephant and its Small Chains: SWOT Analysis of Pakistan’s Economy
Authors: Arif Muhammad , Kashif Sadaf , Nadeem Dogar Muhammad
Published: August 2023

‘What we Foreign Direct Investors need is a level playing field.’ This was claimed by the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of a multinational corporation (MNC) operating in Pakistan for more than 50 years, on two separate occasions during 2015-18. This idiom motivated the authors to understand business nuances associated with Pakistan’s economy not being captured by indices such as the ‘Ease of Doing Business Index’ (EDBI) and ‘Global Competitiveness Index’ (GCI) primarily because of their measurement in quantitative terms. By conducting a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis of the country’s business environment, with the help of in-depth interviews with the CEOs of 19 MNCs and three national corporations (NCs), this study tries to capture some of these nuances. The respondents, based on their availability, were drawn from ten different industries. Based on the analysis, it can be inferred that ‘enduring’, ‘flimsy’, ‘enormous’ and ‘manageable’ are the four words which may be used to define the strengths and weaknesses associated with the opportunities and threats to Pakistan as a market.
China’s Soft Power: Effective International Media Presence from Chi-Fast to Chi-Film
Authors: Mustafa Malik Zill-e-Huma
Published: August 2023

Although many scholars have highlighted China’s soft power diplomacy and its dimensions, this paper argues that China has strong soft power resources but does not have an effective international media presence to sell its story. Moreover, China lacks a global presence which brands like McDonalds, KFC, and Hollywood represent in the form of a strong American economy, culture, and history. Therefore, this paper suggests that China can enhance its soft power by setting up fast food chains with Chinese characteristics and Chinese film productions in other regions in general and Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries in particular.
Planning and Economic Coordination Challenges after the 18th Constitutional Amendment
Authors: Tahir Pervez , Tahir Nadia
Published: August 2023

The 18th Amendment has significantly changed the Constitution of Pakistan. It has increased the number of subjects in the provincial sphere. This expanded autonomy was fiscally supported by the 7th National Finance Commission (NFC) Award, which reversed the federal-provincial resource distribution formula in favour of the provinces. In this paper, the authors find that the new structure of planning and economic coordination required to implement these fundamental changes is not in place. The Planning Commission (PC), i.e., Ministry of Planning Development & Special Initiatives, continues to be a think tank of the federal government rather than the federation. Its visioning for the long-term and planning documents for the medium-term on an annual basis are found to be against the spirit of the amended Constitution, which stipulates a participatory process. The authors’ analysis leads to the conclusion that the Commission should be an independent secretariat of the Council of Common Interests (CCI) to ensure effective coordination. Towards this end, members of the Commission should also represent the provinces. Devolution to the local level, however, will continue to be a challenge.
Attitude of University Students towards the Teaching Profession in Pakistan: A Case of Public Sector Universities
Authors: Akhtar Misbah , Nawaz Huma , Munir Farrukh
Published: August 2023

Teaching is considered a noble profession all over the world (Chakraborty and Mondal 2015). For a successful teaching-learning process, teachers must have an interest and favourable attitude towards teaching. The primary objective of the study was to explore the attitude of university students towards the teaching profession. The attitude of students was also compared based on gender, university affiliation, and disciplines. For this purpose, the ‘Attitude Scale towards Teaching Profession’ questionnaire by Tezci and Terzi (2010) was adapted. Data was collected from 598 respondents of two public sector universities in Pakistan i.e., The Islamia University of Bahawalpur and Fatima Jinnah Women University – both public sector universities in the province of Punjab by using convenient sampling technique. Of the 598 respondents, 384 were females and 214 were males. Google forms were used for the collection of data. For data analysis Independent T-test and one-way ANOVA were applied. Results showed that there was no significant difference in attitude towards the teaching profession in terms of gender and university affiliation. However, a significant difference was observed based on discipline
Prevalence of Urinary Tract Infection and Health Outcomes in Older Adults Undergoing Hip Surgery: A Prospective Study
Authors: Sureerat Mongkolpun  , Inthira Roopsawang  , Suparb Aree-Ue
Published: August 2023

Urinary tract infections are complications found mostly in older adults undergoing hip surgery. However, little is known about the impact of urinary tract infections on health at after post-hip fracture surgery, particularly in Thailand. This prospective study investigated the prevalence of urinary tract infections and their impact on length of stay, functional ability, re-admission, surgical site infections, and in-hospital mortality. The participants were 120 older adults undergoing hip surgery at four tertiary care hospitals in Bangkok, Thailand. Instruments for collection the data were the Demographic Data Questionnaire, Health Outcome Data Record Form—length of hospital stays, surgical site infections, re-admission, and in-hospital mortality, and the Hip Disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Firth’s logistic regression. Results demonstrated that the prevalence of urinary tract infections was 28.32%. Significantly, older adults who developed urinary tract infections had a 2.88-fold increased the risk of impaired functional ability four weeks after surgery and a 3.21-fold increased the risk of re-admission to the hospital compared to those without urinary tract infections. Findings suggest that nurses should continually evaluate urinary tract infections and related factors from admission to post-discharge, as urinary tract infections profoundly affect health outcomes. Strict compliance with guidelines or strengthening post-acute care services to prevent urinary tract infections and its consequences is recommended to promote and restore health, especially functional ability in older adults undergoing hip surgery.
Teachers Talking About Teacher Talk
Authors:   University of Wales, UK, Richards Chris ,   Cultura Inglesa Minas Gerais, Brazil, Soares Victor Hugo Medina
Published: August 2023

Teachers whose lessons are based on communicative language teaching (CLT) (Richards & McCarthy, 2006) or similar approaches are often discouraged from engaging in too much teacher talking time (TTT) for the fear that otherwise, the result might be a lecture. Nevertheless, some of them may not be aware of what or how to critically cope with that. For example, a simple internet search reveals many articles offering teachers exactly this advice, sometimes with specific percentages about the proportion of lesson time that should be taken up with teacher talk. CLT and Task-based Learning (TBL) (Nunan, 2004) are two methodologies that generally regard TTT as something to be kept to a minimum. The first one has strong leanings towards centering students and many activities using that methodology promote student-student interaction. Likewise, the latter heavily focuses on the interaction between students. In these methodologies, the amount of TTT might equate to a lack of learning opportunities for learners; hence lessons may be regarded as less effective if TTT is deemed high (Paul, 2003:76 (Esfandiari & Knight, 2013:20-21). However, limiting teacher talk runs the risk of 'underestimat[ing] the value of the teacher as both a source of input and an interactional pattern' (Thornbury, 2006:225). In light of these points, this paper proposes a reflective analysis concerning when and how to make sound use of TTT, as the sole reduction of TTT does not amount to an automatic improvement of productivity in a lesson (Hitotuzi, 2005:105) In this paper, we address a series of research questions regarding what teachers think about the amount of TTT they engage in. We draw on qualitative data from an online survey and the transcripts of follow-up interviews of survey participants who consented to a short, semi-structured interview with one of the researchers. In both the survey and the interviews, our main interest is how the participants themselves view the amount of time they spend talking in lessons. We ask them how much they believe their teachers talk during their lessons and whether they are happy with that amount. In addition, we are interested in whether specific lesson stages influence the amount of importance TTT has for the practitioner-participants. We also explore what might have contributed to the formation of the participant's views, including initial teacher education or continuing professional development activities.
Machine Translation An Enduring Chasm between Language Students and Teachers
Authors:   Syracuse University Syracuse, New York, USA, Brown Amanda , Bennett Caroline , Bulman Gail , Giannini Stefano , Habib Rania , Ticio Quesada Emma
Published: August 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has elevated focus on educational technologies (Elaish, et al., 2021). One area of sustained controversy in this domain centers around machine translation (MT), where language teachers and students have historically disagreed (Lee, 2020). While research has demonstrated the benefits of MT (e.g. Benda, 2013; Chon et al. 2021; Correa, 2014; Dziemianko, 2017; Enkin & Mejías-Bikandi, 2016; Garcia & Pena, 2011; Lee, 2020; Lee & Briggs, 2021) and studies have consistently reported frequent student usage of MT (e.g. Alhaisoni & Alhaysony, 2017) Clifford, Merschel, & Munné, 2013; Jin & Diefell, 2013; Tsai, 2019; Yang & Wang, 2019), teacher views have traditionally been negative (e.g. Case; 2015; Clifford, Merschel, & Munné, 2013; Niño, 2009; Stapleton & Leung Ka Kin, 2019). Given that recent research on MT has targeted ESOL (e.g. Lee, 2020; Murphy Odo, 2019; Tsai, 2019), that MT itself has evolved considerably since 2016 (Yang & Wang, 2019), and that teacher beliefs can be influenced by professional development and context (Borg, 2015), this study examined (1) contemporary attitudes toward and practices around MT among students (n=75) and teachers (n=25) of diverse languages, and (2) changes in instructor views after high impact pedagogical events: (a) a professional development seminar specifically on MT and (b) the “crisis‐prompted [shift to] remote language teaching” (Gacs et al, 2020) as a result of the global COVID-19 pandemic. Results from four surveys indicate a wide, enduring chasm between students, who increasingly use and feel positively towards MT but are varied in their understanding of implications of its use for academic integrity, and teachers, most of whom make no instructional use of MT, feel negatively about it, have clearer reviews on its relationship to academic integrity, and maintain their views after specific professional development and broad and far-reaching contextual events related to technology. Implications for practice, especially in the context of a surge in academic integrity violations related to MT during the COVID-19 pandemic (Çelik & Lancaster, 2021), will be discussed.
Perspectives on Literacy in the 21st Century
Authors:   Doctorate School, English department, Lebanese University, Lebanon., Khatib Louay
Published: August 2023

There have been controversial views on what constitutes literacy. In earlier times classical literacy was the means of attaining the skills required for operating successfully in societies. In the 21st century, conceptions on literacy are changing. Current debates identify a shift in perspective as well as a new threshold in abilities and requirements (CALR, 2019). Functional literacy is currently acknowledged by UNESCO as an indispensable skill in the 21st century, at individual as well as community level. This study engages in reviews that reveal that many countries do not meet the threshold levels required, despite the interdependence of literacy and modernity, as well as the building of nation states. OECD countries set their threshold at functional literacy levels; MENA countries keep their focus within classical literacy requirements, focusing on ability to read and write. The study traces the development of perspectives on literacy and compares the effective skills of the population of 15 year olds in the comprehension and processing of texts, after years of education in English native language context and English as EFL situation. Practitioners’ views are sought to illuminate the interpretations and chart future directions.
A Vocationally Focused Approach to Teaching Literacy in the 21st Century: A Vygotskian perspective
Authors:   Doctorate School, English department, Lebanese University, Lebanon., Jawabra Ghada
Published: August 2023

The overriding concern with economic crisis following Covid-19 pandemic meant that literacy education became narrowly defined as skills-for-employment. There have been attempted shifts towards a much more vocationally focused agenda, focusing on what is considered to be the key cognitive and workplace skills required for successful participation in the national economic development after the pandemic. Functional literacy links literacy with economic development, individual prosperity and vocational achievement. “The term ‘functional’ should be considered in the broad sense of providing learners with the skills and abilities they need to take an active and responsible role in their communities, everyday life, the workplace and educational settings. Functional English requires learners to communicate in ways that make them effective and involved as citizens, to operate confidently and to convey their ideas and opinions clearly (QCDA 2007). However, many young professionals with college degrees suffer an inability to use functional illiteracy, and this poses a threat to the country’s development. This paper suggests a model for teaching 21st century literacies in which new knowledge and skills necessary for successful adaptation to changing world are continuously acquired throughout life. It proposes a functional, vocationally-focused approach to education based on Vygotsky’s perspective on literacy in the 21st century in order to promote educational reform. This approach attempts to bridge the gap between disciplinary and practical knowledge integrating language and content within a CLIL methodology.
Fungsi Mahkamah Konstitusi Dalam Pengujian Undang-Undang Terhadap Undang-Undang Dasar 1945
Authors: Rangga Wijaya
Published: August 2023

Perubahan terhadap Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 memberikan warna baru dalam sistem ketatanegaraan, terutama dengan lahirnya Mahkamah Konstitusi sebagai lembaga negara. Pembentukan Mahkamah Konstitusi diperlukan karena Indonesia telah melakukan perubahan mendasar atas Undang-Undang Dasar 1945, Indonesia mengadopsi prinsip-prinsip baru dalam sistem ketatanegaraan, yaitu antara lain prinsip pemisahan kekuasaan dan pengawasan and perimbangan sebagai pengganti sistem supremasi parlemen yang berlaku sebelumnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian yuridis normatif dan library research (kepustakaan) yang memusatkan kegiatan pada perpustakaan untuk memperoleh data tanpa melakukan riset di lapangan.  Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan, bahwa wewenang yang dimiliki Mahkamah Konstitusi untuk menguji undang-undang terhadap UUD 1945 merupakan wujud prinsip atau asas konstitusionalitas undang-undang yang menjamin bahwa undang-undang yang dibuat oleh pembentuk undang-undang itu tidak bertentangan dengan UUD 1945. Fungsi Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam melakukan pengujian dilakukan dalam bentuk pengujian formal dan pengujian secara materiil. Semua peraturan perundang-undangan yang dibentuk harus berdasar kepada UUD 1945 dan tidak boleh bertentangan dengan isi UUD 1945. Undang-undang yang bertentangan dengan UUD 1945 dapat dibatalkan melalui pengujian undang-undang ke Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia.
Estrategia para sistematizar los comentarios escritos de la evaluación docente en las residencias médicas.
Authors: Carmona Zamudio Iridian , Hamui Sutton Liz
Published: August 2023

Evaluating the opinions of residents about their programs, campuses, professors and other aspects of their daily work in medical specialties can be useful to improve aspects of their training. The open spaces to obtain written comments (WC) about their experience constitute an opportunity to understand in greater depth the teaching work, the problems in the hospital and the strengths of the educational program. We propose a three-step strategy to systematize the WC exemplified by the analysis of 721 WC obtained through the Teacher Evaluation Instrument, applied virtually in August 2022. WC require careful reading and can be coded to identify categories and from there theorize the findings. In the field of medical residences, we propose the classification into three general categories: structural, organizational and interpersonal for its application in future studies of this nature. The report of the experience and the evaluation of the events are central elements to approach what happens in educational spaces in clinical practice.

La evaluación de las opiniones de los residentes sobre sus programas, sedes, profesores y demás aspectos de su quehacer diario en las especialidades médicas, puede ser útil para mejorar aspectos de su formación. Los espacios abiertos para obtener comentario escritos (CE) sobre su experiencia constituyen una oportunidad para comprender con mayor profundidad la labor docente, las problemáticas en el hospital y las fortalezas del programa educativo. El objetivo de este estudio es proponer una estrategia de tres pasos para sistematizar los CE de la evaluación al docente por parte de los médicos residentes, ejemplificada con el análisis de 721 CE de 721 residentes obtenidos por medio del Instrumento de Evaluación Docente, aplicado de manera virtual en agosto del 2022. Los CE requieren de la lectura atenta y pueden ser codificados para identificar categorías y desde ahí teorizar los hallazgos; proponemos en el ámbito de las residencias médicas la clasificación en tres categorias generales: estructurales, organizacionales e interpersonales para su aplicación en futuros estudios de esta índole. El relato de la experiencia y la valoración de los eventos son elementos centrales para acercarse a lo que sucede en los espacios educativos en la práctica clínica.
El arte de aprender a caer
Authors: Barreto Mariana , Arroyo Carlos , Martínez Levin
Published: August 2023

It was a Thursday afternoon on June 7, 2020, nearing 5 o'clock when I entered the coffee shop. The moment I sat down, I started to think about how I had reached that exact moment. It had been seven months since I had failed the urology residency entrance exam, which took place on December 5, 2019. I had dedicated years of preparation to this test, strenuous months of studying, leaving behind other aspects of my life. When I received the result, I felt like I was free falling...

Era un martes casual, 7 de junio de 2020, cuando entré al café. Al sentarme, comencé a pensar en cómo había llegado a ese momento. Hacía 7 meses que mi vida había sufrido un gran golpe, un punto de inflexión, después de haber perdido el examen de ingreso a la residencia de urología. El 5 de diciembre de 2019 tuvo lugar la prueba, para la cual había dedicado años de preparación desde el inicio de mi carrera, meses intensivos de estudio, dejando completamente de lado otras esferas de mi vida. Al recibir los resultados negativos, sentí que la tierra se derrumbaba bajo mis pies, me sentí en caída libre...
Sexual harassment in students of the Faculty of Medicine,University of Chile: A cross-sectional observational study
Authors: Becerra Karen , Becerra Javiera , Cavada Gabriel , Pantoja Loreto
Published: August 2023

El acoso sexual en el contexto educativo es un tipo de violencia sexual. En la Universidad de Chile se ha abordado a través del “Protocolo de actuación ante denuncias sobre acoso sexual, acoso laboral y discriminación arbitraria” que ha buscado erradicar el acoso sexual y reducir la violencia de género en la Universidad de Chile a partir de un programa que permita prevenir estas conductas y atender a personas afectadas. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de la autopercepción de acoso sexual en algún momento de su trayectoria universitaria en estudiantes de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Chile y describir el conocimiento y la utilización del protocolo vigente en dicha institución. Método: Estudio transversal de prevalencia realizado durante los años 2021-2022, el total de participantes fue de 550 estudiantes, seleccionados/as mediante un muestreo por conveniencia por estratos de las carreras. La encuesta consideró 3 ítems: caracterización personal, prevalencia de acoso sexual, protocolo de actuación de la facultad. Los datos se recolectaron por medio de una encuesta online. Resultados: La prevalencia de acoso sexual en estudiantes en la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de Chile fue de un 14% de los cuales la mayoría son mujeres acosadas por estudiantes hombres. Si bien un 43,09% de los y las encuestados/as declara conocer el protocolo de actuación vigente, solo un 1,09% de estos refiere tener mucho conocimiento acerca del funcionamiento. Conclusión: Con los resultados obtenidos en este estudio sale a la luz la importancia de abordar esta problemática, ya que un entorno inseguro de estudios puede traer consecuencias negativas en el proceso de formación profesional y por consiguiente en la vida laboral.
Transformasi Kurikulum; Kecerdasan Buatan untuk Membangun Pendidikan yang Relevan di Masa Depan
Authors: Yustiasari Liriwati Fahrina
Published: August 2023

Transformasi kurikulum adalah proses penting dalam memastikan pendidikan yang relevan di masa depan. Dalam era perubahan cepat yang ditandai oleh kemajuan teknologi, kecerdasan buatan (AI) telah muncul sebagai kekuatan pendorong yang kuat dalam mengubah berbagai aspek kehidupan manusia, termasuk pendidikan. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi peran kecerdasan buatan dalam membangun pendidikan yang relevan di masa depan melalui transformasi kurikulum. Transformasi kurikulum melibatkan peninjauan dan penyesuaian konten, metode pengajaran, dan pendekatan evaluasi untuk memastikan relevansi pendidikan dengan kebutuhan dan tuntutan zaman. Kecerdasan buatan, dengan kemampuannya untuk mengumpulkan, menganalisis, dan memproses data besar dengan cepat, memberikan potensi besar untuk memperbaiki kurikulum yang ada dan menciptakan pendidikan yang lebih relevan. Kecerdasan buatan memungkinkan adanya pembelajaran yang personal dan disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan individu. AI dapat menganalisis data belajar siswa secara mendalam dan memberikan rekomendasi pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan kemampuan dan minat mereka. Pembahasan tentang bagaimana pendekatan ini dapat meningkatkan keterlibatan dan prestasi siswa. Dalam era digital, data belajar yang dihasilkan oleh siswa sangat melimpah. Kecerdasan buatan dapat menganalisis big data ini untuk mengidentifikasi pola dan tren yang dapat membantu meningkatkan kurikulum. Penjelasan tentang bagaimana analisis data dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi kekuatan dan kelemahan kurikulum saat ini, serta mengarah pada penyesuaian yang diperlukan. Dalam era digital yang terus berkembang, pendidikan harus terus beradaptasi untuk mempersiapkan generasi masa depan. Penggunaan kecerdasan buatan dalam transformasi kurikulum adalah langkah maju yang penting menuju pendidikan yang relevan dan adaptif. Dengan pendekatan personalisasi, analisis big data, pembelajaran adaptif, dan mengatasi tantangan yang ada, kita dapat membangun sistem pendidikan yang mampu memenuhi tuntutan zaman dan membawa manfaat yang besar bagi siswa. Masa depan pendidikan yang relevan dan adaptif sedang menanti kita, dan kecerdasan buatan adalah kunci untuk mewujudkannya
Dampak Metode Pembelajaran Kartu Huruf Hijaiyah Dalam Mengenalkan Huruf Hijaiyah Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Syahrizal Hasan , Nurhafizah
Published: August 2023

Metode pembelajaran  merupakan bentuk langkah-langkah dalam mengefektifkan pelaksanaan pembelajaran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis bagaimana dampak metode pembelajaran kartu huruf hijaiyah dalam mengenalkan huruf hijaiyah anak usia dini. Metode dalam penilitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif, dengan subjek penelitian adalah guru kelas dan guru pendamping. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisa data dilakukan dengan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa metode pembelajaran yang diterapkan pada kartu huruf hijaiyah dalam mengenalkan huruf hijaiyah adalah metode bernyanyi dan bermain, dampak dari metode kartu huruf hijaiyah dalam mengenalkan huruf hijaiyah yang diterapkan menjadikan anak bergembira dan mengikuti proses pembelajaran dengan suka rela, anak-anak juga mengenal huruf hijaiyah dengan baik yang dilantunkan dengan nyanyian huruf hijaiyah mulai dari alif sampai ya
Novel regulators of islet function identified from genetic variation in mouse islet Ca2+ oscillations
Authors: Emfinger Christopher H. , Clark Lauren E. , Yandell Brian , Schueler Kathryn L. , Simonett Shane P. , Stapleton Donnie S. , Mitok Kelly A. , Merrins Matthew J. , Keller Mark P. , Attie Alan D.
Published: August 2023

Insufficient insulin secretion to meet metabolic demand results in diabetes. The intracellular flux of Ca
2+
into β-cells triggers insulin release. Since genetics strongly influences variation in islet secretory responses, we surveyed islet Ca
2+
dynamics in eight genetically diverse mouse strains. We found high strain variation in response to four conditions: 1) 8 mM glucose; 2) 8 mM glucose plus amino acids; 3) 8 mM glucose, amino acids, plus 10 nM GIP; and 4) 2 mM glucose. These stimuli interrogate β-cell function, α-cell to β-cell signaling, and incretin responses. We then correlated components of the Ca
2+
waveforms to islet protein abundances in the same strains used for the Ca
2+
measurements. To focus on proteins relevant to human islet function, we identified human orthologues of correlated mouse proteins that are proximal to glycemic-associated SNPs in human GWAS. Several orthologues have previously been shown to regulate insulin secretion (e.g. ABCC8, PCSK1, and GCK), supporting our mouse-to-human integration as a discovery platform. By integrating these data, we nominated novel regulators of islet Ca
2+
oscillations and insulin secretion with potential relevance for human islet function. We also provide a resource for identifying appropriate mouse strains in which to study these regulators.
Risk factors for high CAD-RADS scoring in CAD patients revealed by machine learning methods: a retrospective study
Authors: Dai Yueli , Ouyang Chenyu , Luo Guanghua , Cao Yi , Peng Jianchun , Gao Anbo , Zhou Hong
Published: August 2023

Objective

This study aimed to investigate a variety of machine learning (ML) methods to predict the association between cardiovascular risk factors and coronary artery disease-reporting and data system (CAD-RADS) scores.

Methods

This is a retrospective cohort study. Demographical, cardiovascular risk factors and coronary CT angiography (CCTA) characteristics of the patients were obtained. Coronary artery disease (CAD) was evaluated using CAD-RADS score. The stenosis severity component of the CAD-RADS was stratified into two groups: CAD-RADS score 0-2 group and CAD-RADS score 3–5 group. CAD-RADS scores were predicted with random forest (RF), k-nearest neighbors (KNN), support vector machines (SVM), neural network (NN), decision tree classification (DTC) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Prediction sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated. Feature importance analysis was utilized to find the most important predictors.

Results

A total of 442 CAD patients with CCTA examinations were included in this study. 234 (52.9%) subjects were CAD-RADS score 0–2 group and 208 (47.1%) were CAD-RADS score 3–5 group. CAD-RADS score 3-5 group had a high prevalence of hypertension (66.8%), hyperlipidemia (50%) and diabetes mellitus (DM) (35.1%). Age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean arterial pressure, pulse pressure, pulse pressure index, plasma fibrinogen, uric acid and blood urea nitrogen were significantly higher (p < 0.001), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) lower (p < 0.001) in CAD-RADS score 3–5 group compared to the CAD-RADS score 0–2 group. Nineteen features were chosen to train the models. RF (AUC = 0.832) and LDA (AUC = 0.81) outperformed SVM (AUC = 0.772), NN (AUC = 0.773), DTC (AUC = 0.682), KNN (AUC = 0.707). Feature importance analysis indicated that plasma fibrinogen, age and DM contributed most to CAD-RADS scores.

Conclusion

ML algorithms are capable of predicting the correlation between cardiovascular risk factors and CAD-RADS scores with high accuracy.
Lived Experiences of Technology and Livelihood Education Teachers on the Challenges and Benefits of Facilitating Online Learning
Authors: Jaurigue-Sublay Evelyn
Published: August 2023

This study aimed to describe the essence of the lived experiences of Technology and Livelihood Education Teachers on the challenges and benefits of facilitating online learning. This study utilized a qualitative method with a phenomenological perspective and a transcendental design. The result revealed three (3) superordinate themes with various subordinate themes for the ‘challenges’ of TLE teachers in facilitating online learning, which include: (1) Challenging Teaching Tasks; (2) Technological Infrastructure Availability and Management; and (3) Assessment and Monitoring of Student Learning. On the other hand, five (5) superordinate themes emerged under ‘benefits’ of facilitating online learning, including (1) Improvement of technical skills; (2) Improvement of communication skills; (3) Access to learning resources; (4) Fulfilling job; and (5) Learning convenience. This study suggested that teachers and students must have access to Information and Communications Technology (ICT) resources and facilities, both groups must receive adequate training, and curriculum materials must be digitized. Likewise, the school administrators may allocate more funds for the schools to have internal resources.  This is encouraged for the academic program to function.
The Impact of Firm Size on Financial Decision-Making: Evidence from Ghana
Authors: Duame Semanu , Benson Emmanuel
Published: August 2023

The study's primary goal was to ascertain the influence firm size has on Ghanaian banks' financial decision-making. A quantitative technique was applied in the study. The study's secondary data came from the financial statements of five commercial banks. Ghana Commercial Bank, ADB Bank, SG-Ghana Bank, Zenith Bank, and Fidelity Bank. These commercial banks were chosen using a purposive sampling technique. A sample size of 50 was used to collect data for each bank from 2012 to 2021, yielding ten records for each bank. A double log panel regression model was used to analyze the relationship between financial decisions and some key financial performance indicators (KPIs), with the financial decision being the outcome variable whiles return on assets, leverage, total debt, total equity, firm size (Bank size) and time the predictor variables. The Haussmann test was then performed to select the most appropriate model for the banking panel data.

Based on the test result (chisq = 2.6279, df=3, p = 0.4526), the FEM was selected. The results showed that return on assets had no significant relationship with financial decision-making. Leverage was found to be significantly related to financial decisions, but the influence was minimal. Firm size had the most influence on financial decisions and by far the most significant influence regarding which capital structure to maintain as a bank. Total debt played a significant positive role in financial decisions. The higher the total debt, the more debt the banks tended to take on. As a response, the study proposes that Banks relying on internal funds to finance their operations must do so efficiently and effectively to derive the benefits associated with firm size. On the other hand, banks relying on debt financing must do so with caution since there is the risk of interest escalating in the current economic climate.
Science Practicum Assessment on 21st Century Skills: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Sudirman Sudirman , Gani Hamsu Abdul , Haling Abd.
Published: August 2023

Assessment is a collection of evidence that is carried out intentionally, systematically, and continuously and is used to assess student competence. Assessment helps teachers make decisions about students' needs and guides the planning of learning programs. This study uses a systematic literature review method using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review (PRISMA). The research objective was to identify science practicum assessments in education era 4.0 that support 21st-century skills. Articles are collected from various databases, such as Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Researchgate, from 2010-2023. The research results obtained from 115 potential articles show that the practicum is part of teaching in the form of applying the theory learned. The conclusion is that practicum is a vehicle to develop cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects simultaneously. Every time there is development and progress in the education system, there will also be changes in the learning and assessment systems as well as the quality of education services in the 21st-century skills era.