bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic-Induced Changes in Efflux Transporter Expression: A Key Factor in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Resistance
Authors: Imtiaz Zara , Chatoo Avinash , Wang Will , Li Weiqi , Basu Paramita
Published: May 2024

Listed by WHO as an antibiotic-resistant priority pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.A.) is a serious threat in nosocomial infections. Its high antibiotic resistance is attributed to major mechanisms that can be categorized into intrinsic, acquired, and adaptive resistance. This study tests the ability of three commonly used antibiotics to inhibit new biofilm formation and eradicate mature biofilm growth, as well as investigate changes in the expression levels of selected genes coding for multidrug efflux pumps in P.A. planktonic cells and biofilms before and after treatment with antibiotics to provide a conceptual estimate of the activity of the efflux transporters that work to extrude antibiotics leading to a reduction in their effectiveness. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted with Ofloxacin (OFLX), Tobramycin (TOB), and Ceftazidime (CAZ) to determine Mean Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Mean Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) using microtiter plate-based biofilm assay and spectrophotometric quantification. Extraction of total RNA was performed from planktonic cultures, inhibition phase, and eradication phase P.A. biofilms. Real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR was utilized to analyze the changes in expression of the mexAB, mexXY, and oprM genes. Three (3) antibiotics that have proven to show less resistance are OFLX, TOB, and CAZ when tested against overnight cultures of P.A. strain PA01. Results showed that OFLX is best for bactericidal properties, which is also supported by the viability assay data obtained from Propidium Iodide staining. Our study showed that the PAO1 strain is susceptible to OFLX for both inhibition and eradication of mature biofilms. TOB was most effective at higher concentrations in the eradication phase.
RUM MEKTEPLERİ BAĞLAMINDA KULA ZAFER OKULU’NUN TARİHSEL GELİŞİMİ VE MİMARİ ÖZELLİKLERİ
Authors: Özer Baş Gizem , Demir İpek , Gölükcü İpek
Published: May 2024

Osmanlı Döneminde Manisa ili Kula ilçesinde yüksek oranda Rum nüfus yaşamaktaydı. Rum nüfusun fazlalığının ve etkisinin yansımasını 19. yüzyılda Kula gibi kırsal bir yerleşimde üç adet Rum mektebinin var olmasından anlamak mümkün olabilir. Bu mekteplerden biri çalışmanın konusunu oluşturan Zafer Okulu’dur. Çalışmanın amacı akademik yazında yer almayan, bulunmayan Zafer Okulu’nun kültürel miras olarak literatüre kazandırılması ve tipolojik bir örnek olarak belgelendirilmesidir. Makalede öncelikle yerleşimi tanıtmak amacı ile Kula’nın tarihçesi ve kültürel çeşitliliği irdelenmiş ve ardından Zafer Okulu’nun tarihsel süreci ve mimari özelliklerini tanımlamak için Rum okullarının kuruluş, işleyiş, yasal durumları ve mimari özellikleri bu kapsamda detaylı bir biçimde aktarılmıştır. Çalışma tüm bu sınırlılıklar kapsamında çeşitli nitelikteki kaynaklar, kişiler, yakın çevre ve arşivlerden elde edilen bilgiler doğrultusunda ortaya çıkmaktadır. Saha araştırmalarında yapılan gözlemler ve ardından oluşturulan çizimler doğrultusunda bu okulun mimari özellikleri, tüm tarihi dökümanı ve günümüzdeki durumu ortaya koyulmaktadır. Bu kapsamda mevcut durum çerçevesinde mimari restorasyon bağlamında tarafsız değerlendirmeler yapılarak öneriler açıklanmıştır.
ÖZGÜN DEĞERLERİ KAYBOLMAYA YÜZ TUTAN BİR KONUTUN RESTORASYON VE İŞLEV ÖNERİSİ: İSTANBUL, ÇATALCA, TUĞLA EV ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Aksoy Ercan
Published: May 2024

Tarihi yapıların yaşatılması ve korunması hem kültürün hem de tarihin gelecek nesillere aktarılmasına katkı sunmaktadır. Bununla birlikte sürdürülebilir bir toplumsal hafıza açısından da ayrıca önemlidir. Bu çalışmada İstanbul ili Çatalca ilçesinde yer alan geleneksel bir konağın mevcut durumu değerlendirilmiş ve özgün haline getirilerek yaşatılması için restorasyon kararları verilmiştir. Çatalca ilçesi yoğun konut stokuna sahip olmakla birlikte hızlı bir şekilde yapılarda bozulmalar oluşmakta ve tarihi değerleri kaybolmaktadır. Bu sebeple bölgede yer alan yapı çalışma konusu olarak belirlenmiştir. Konuta ilişkin belgeleme çalışmaları yapılmış ve rölövesi hazırlanmış, yerinde yapılan incelemeler neticesinde arşiv kaynakları da araştırılarak restitüsyon önerisi getirilmiştir, tüm veriler ışığında restorasyona yönelik müdahale kararları belirlenmiştir. Yapının özelliklerine bağlı olarak farklı işlev verilerek kullanımı uygun görülmediğinden özgün işlevi ile kullanılması gerektiği ortaya koyulmuştur. Ayrıca yapıda çok fazla değişim olduğu, günümüze kadar yapılmış yanlış uygulamalar bulunduğu ve daha sonra yapının kaderine terk edildiği anlaşılmıştır. Çalışma tarihi bir yapının niteliklerini ortaya çıkarmak, kent hafızasında yer edinen bir eseri yaşatmak ve kültürel özelliklerin sürdürülebilir olarak devam ettirilmesine imkân vermek amacıyla önemlidir.
MİLLİYETÇİ MUHAFAZAKÂR ENTELEKTÜELİ YARATMAK: ADANA HALKEVİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: Güldal Mehmet
Published: May 2024

Kemalist Cumhuriyetçiliğin kendisini gösterdiği, “yeni vatan, yeni sosyete, yeni devlet” şiarı, böyle bir dönüşüm anına tekabül etmektedir. Yeni bir rejimin ihdas edilmesi, belirli bir ideolojik programla birlikte gelmektedir. Kemalizm, Millî Mücadele sonrası bu ideolojik programın adıdır. İdeolojik programın ortaya konması tek başına yeter değildir. Bu nedenle, Kemalizmin toplumu ideolojik programı etrafında bütünleştirilmesi gerekmektedir. Böylece, aydın sınıfa olan ihtiyaç ortaya çıkmıştır. Toplumsal mobilizasyonun, Kemalist doktrin etrafında şekillenebilmesi için eğiticilerin organize edilmesi ve yeni nesillerin yetiştirilmesine ihtiyaç duyulmuştur. Bu bağlamda kurulan, ocaklar ve evler bu yeni kuşağın üretimi ve Cumhuriyet’in devamlılığını sağlama idealiyle teşkilatlandırılmıştır. Bütün bu siyasa üretimini kesen, ideolojik arka plan korporatist dünya görüşünün etkisinde gelişmiştir. Korporatizmle şekillenen bu sosyal teşekküllere çalışmada önemli bir işlev atfedilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Tek Parti yönetimi altında “korporatist sosyal teşekkül” olarak oluşturulan Halkevlerinin yeni nesillerin yetiştirilmesi konusunda hangi işlevi yerine getirdiği sorgulanacaktır. Çalışmada ayrıca, Çok Partili Yaşam’a geçiş sonrasında, Adana Halkevi’nde yetişen milliyetçi muhafazakâr isimlerin nasıl anti-komünist entelektüellere dönüştüğü incelenecektir.
Consumers and Firms in International Trade
Authors: Volpe Martincus Christian , Sztajerowska Monika , Santi Mariana Belén
Published: May 2024

Modern theoretical and empirical analyses in international trade typically focus on firms as the sole trading actors. This is consistent with the fact that firms have traditionally accounted for the vast majority of trade and, hence, examining their behavior allows for fully characterizing trade margins and assessing their determinants. Emerging and rapidly growing trade modalities such as cross-border e-commerce have started to change this by making it easier for individuals to directly engage in international sales and purchases. However, to what extent and how consumers directly participate in and shape international trade has remained largely unknown due to data limitations. In this paper, we use a unique dataset consisting of the entire universe of import shipments that entered Peru in 2019 to provide novel evidence on the role of both consumers and firms as importers, characterize the distribution and patterns of their foreign purchases, and assess how gravity forces shape their trade decisions, thus filling in this gap in the literature.
Niedopasowanie statusowe kobiet i mężczyzn jako czynnik hamujący dzietność
Authors: Przybył Iwona
Published: May 2024

Niska dzietność jest coraz większym problemem w społeczeństwie polskim. Dotychczasowe analizy makro- i mikrospołecznych uwarunkowań reprodukcji biologicznej wyjaśniają przyczyny spadającej dzietności, ale nie odnoszą się do reguł zawiązywania stabilnego związku, fundamentalnych procesów leżących u podstaw planowania prokreacji i tym samym nie wystarczają, aby wyjaśnić, dlaczego rodzi się tak mało dzieci. Artykuł daje odpowiedź na pytanie, dlaczego próby budowania stabilnej relacji intymnej napotykają bariery z powodu kulturowych reguł selekcji i prawidłowości zawiązywania znajomości, co przeszkadza w odpowiednim dopasowaniu partnerów, a tym samym w realizacji zamiaru bycia rodzicem przez kobiety i mężczyzn. Zaprezentowana analiza wzbogaca wiedzę na temat niedopasowania statusowego we współczesnych kontekstach i zapewnia uzupełnienie opisu czynników hamujących dzietność.
Implementation of the Confiscation and Auction of Assets Convicted in the Jiwasraya Corruption Case to Recover State Losses
Authors: Hutama Wisnu Nanda , Gunawati Dewi
Published: May 2024

This research aims to examine one of the corruption cases at Asuransi Jiwasraya LLC which focuses on confiscating and auctioning the assets of convicts in recovering state losses. The method used in this research is a normative legal research method with a statute approach and a case approach. The results of this research show that in the corruption crime of Benny Tjokrosaputro Asuransi Jiwasraya LLC Number: 2937K/Pid.Sus/2021, the panel of judges handed down the decision to confiscate all properties along with the profits obtained by the convict from the criminal act. The confiscation of assets and auction of property is carried out based on applicable legal provisions as per the court decision. The obstacles experienced by the prosecutor's office in efforts to recover assets resulting from criminal acts of corruption include: assets from the criminal acts of corruption are obscured or transferred to other parties, assets or properties from the criminal acts of corruption are used up, assets from the criminal acts of corruption are in a position as collateral to other parties, and assets from the criminal acts of corruption have been transferred abroad.
Human Dignity from the Perspective of Islam with Emphasis on Allameh Jafari and Existentialism with Emphasis on Gabriel Marcel
Authors: Rabbani Tabar Zahra , Sadeghi Ali
Published: May 2024

By examining Islamic evidence and sources, it becomes clear that there are two types of intrinsic or developmental dignity and value or acquired dignity in Islam. There are two general approaches regarding inherent dignity. Some believe that such dignity, which is the source of citizenship rights, cannot be used as evidence. On the other hand, a group believes that human dignity can be used. In the latter category, some consider inherent dignity to be fallible and some do not consider it to be fallible. Allameh Jafari, while accepting its inherent dignity, considered it fallible. The acquired dignity that is achieved by acquiring piety is the consensus of Islamic scholars. In the school of existentialism, it is divided into two types: atheistic and atheistic. In the atheist category, scholars like Marcel, emphasizing the freedom and free will of man, have believed in acquired dignity for human beings, with the explanation that it is man who acquires dignity for himself by his behavior. Islamic philosophy and divine existentialism are similar in some ways; including the priority of existence over nature, human agency and his inherent dignity.
İbn Kesîr’in el-Bidâye ve’n-nihâye’sinin Siyer Kısmında Bazı Sahîhayn Hadislerini Muhteva Tenkidinin Tahlili
Authors: Çalgan Mehmet Ali
Published: May 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı İbn Kesîr’in (öl. 774/1373) el-Bidâye ve’n-nihâye isimli tarih çalışmasının siyer bölümünde Sahîhayn hadislerini muhteva açısından tenkidinin araştırılması ve tahlilidir. Çalışmamızın konusu ise İbn Kesîr’in mezkûr eserinde yirmi Sahihayn hadisini Kur’ân-ı Kerîm (3 hadis), akıl (1 hadis), icmâ (1 hadis), sahih hadisler (7 hadis) ve sağlam târihî bilgilere (8 hadis) uygunluk/aykırılık kıstaslarını kullanarak tenkidi ve on dört hadiste izah getiremediği yanlışların birer hata olduğunu kaydetmesidir. İbn Kesîr’in incelenen hadislerin muhteva tenkidine müsait bir hâle gelmesine yol açan râvi tasarruflarına dair verdiği bilgiler ayrıca kıymetlidir. Bu çalışmanın kapsamını oluşturan hadislerden yedi tanesi hem Sahîh-i Buhârî hem Sahîh-i Müslim, altı tanesi sadece Sahîh-i Buhârî, yedi tanesi de sadece Sahîh-i Müslim’de yer almaktadır. Hem Sahîh-i Buhârî hem Sahîh-i Müslim’de yer alan hadisler Hayber’de müt‘a nikahının yasaklanışı, Rasulullah’ın (s.a.v.) umre ve hacca niyeti, Hz. Peygamber’in gümüş yüzüğü atması, kıblenin değişimi haberinin Kubâ’ya ertesi sabah ulaşması, namazda konuşma yasağının zamanı, ye’cûc ve me’cûc’un seddinin delinmesi ve Hz. Peygamber’in (s.a.v.) miras bırakmaması konulu hadislerdir. Sadece Sahîh-i Buhârî’de geçen hadisler isranın vahiy gelmesinden önce vukuu, Hamrâülesed seferine katılanların sayısı, Sa‘d b. Ebî Vakkas’ın İslam’a girişi, Hz. Ali’nin Hz. Ebû Bekir’e biatı, Recî‘ vak‘asıyla ilgili bazı bilgiler ve mirac hadisinde Beyt-i Makdis’e yolculuğun zikredilmemesi konulu hadislerdir. Son olarak, sadece Sahîh-i Müslim’de yer alan hadisler ise Huneyn savaşında müslümanların sayısı ve Taif kuşatmasının müddeti, yeryüzünün yedi günde yaratılışı, Amr b. Abese’nin İslam’a girişi, Bedir için Sa‘d b. Ubâde ile istişâre, sahâbînin sıcak kumlardan şikâyeti, Ümmü Habîbe ile evlilik ve kurban bayramında öğle namazının yeri konulu hadislerdir. Araştırmamızın yöntemi kaynak taraması ve sonuçların diğer şarihlerinkiyle mukayeseli tahlilidir. Araştırmamızın sonucunda eleştirilen hadislerin büyük bir kısmında İbn Kesîr’in değerlendirmelerinin İbn Hacer ve Nevevî gibi muhaddislerinkinden farklı olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışmamızın önemi İbn Kesîr’in tenkitlerinin muhaddislerin senedin sıhhatinin metnin sıhhatini temin etmeyeceğine dair tespitlerinin uygulamadaki somut delillerini oluşturmasıdır. Kısaca İbn Kesîr’in, eserine güçlü tenkit zihniyetini, özgün görüşlerini ve geniş ilmî birikimini başarıyla yansıttığı görülmektedir.
CHANGING THE JURISDICTION OF JUSTICES OF THE PEACE OVER CIVIL CASES
Authors:   Justice of the Peace of Judicial Subdistrict No. 250 of the Stupino Judicial District of the Moscow Region PhD (Law), Nesterov Vladimir M.
Published: May 2024

The article reviews the process of changing the jurisdiction of justices of the peace over civil cases that has been taking place for the last twenty years. The goal is to determine criteria used to establish jurisdiction and criteria applied to change it. The author analyzes the jurisdiction of justices of the peace under the Statute of Civil Procedure, the initial jurisdiction of justices of the peace in the Russian Federation. A conclusion is made that the jurisdiction of justices of the peace is changed at random to lower the burden on them. However, random changing the jurisdiction of justices of the peace does not facilitate the achievement of goals of justice and the judicial reform, thus, one needs to target factors that increase the burden on justices of the peace. The paper gives recommendations for the establishment of the jurisdiction of justices of the peace in the future.
Surrogacy in the Context of Reproductive Rights
Authors: Terec-Vlad Loredana
Published: May 2024

The evolution of the medical technologies has also transformed the surrogate, from the traditional surrogate to the gestational surrogate, from the surrogate with the embryo of the infertile couple to the surrogate with embryos from donors or with embryos obtained from gametes taken from donors (surrogate mother or another person), from carrying a pregnancy by a woman of biological reproductive age and up to carrying a pregnancy by a woman past the reproductive age, all these stages or forms of surrogacy imply various debates in the medical, bioethical and, of course, human rights literature. As the forms of surrogacy diversified, the multitude of rights that had to be balanced (of the infertile couple, of the parents, of the surrogate mother, of the embryo in vitro or of the embryo transplanted into the uterus) were also increasingly difficult to quantify, to define as legal and to keep in a fair balance.
Uwarunkowania relacji z rodzeństwem we wczesnej dorosłości
Authors: Szymańska Paulina
Published: May 2024

Publikacja z zakresu psychologii rodziny. Autorka koncentruje się na zagadnieniu relacji między rodzeństwem we wczesnej dorosłości. Na podstawie rezultatów badań własnych została stworzona pierwsza polska autorska typologia relacji z rodzeństwem we wczesnej dorosłości. W książce czytelnik znajdzie ponadto przegląd literatury światowej, omówienie wyników badań własnych, dyskusję na temat ich rezultatów oraz prezentację implikacji praktycznych.
Wartość pracy podnosi przeprowadzona przez Autorkę adaptacja dwóch testów do badania relacji między rodzeństwem. Dzięki starannie i wnikliwie przeprowadzonej analizie wyników badań własnych, w oparciu o analizę skupień, Autorce udało się opracować pierwszą w Polsce typologię relacji między rodzeństwem, uwzględniającą typy relacji: ambiwalentny, niechętny i wspierający. Fakt ten bardzo wyraźnie podnosi wartość publikacji i czyni ją bardzo wartościowym opracowaniem naukowym w tym obszarze tematycznym.
Z recenzji prof. dr hab. Teresy Rostowskiej (UG)
Historia jako narzędzie polemiki w piśmiennictwie Piotra Skargi
Authors: Szymczak Dawid
Published: May 2024

Celem książki jest szczegółowe ukazanie problemu historii w pismach jednego z czołowych polskich jezuitów – Piotra Skargi (1536–1612). Jego obszerna twórczość literacka zawierała liczne odniesienia do dziejów Kościoła. Autor świadomie czerpał z tradycji pojmowania historii oraz konwencji literackich w XVI wieku. Zajmował wypracowane stanowisko na temat jej zakresu, funkcji i roli. Dla Skargi historia stanowiła drugi, obok nauki katolickiej, fundament dla wyrażania względnie spójnej i jednolitej wizji świata.
Analizie poddane zostały utwory pochodzące z całego, niemal czterdziestoletniego okresu literackiej działalności jezuity. W zakres omówienia weszły zarówno polemiki z reprezentantami chrześcijaństwa wschodniego oraz różnowiercami, jak i kazania, pobudki, modlitwy czy popularne Żywoty świętych. Dopełnieniem analiz jest rozdział poświęcony znaczeniu retoryki w tworzeniu wizji historii. Kaznodzieja świadomie korzystał z reguł i założeń starożytnej sztuki mowy, a także nawiązywał do postulatów głoszonych przez teologów szesnastowiecznych. Ich ustalenia pozwoliły mu traktować każdą relację historyczną jako opowieść podporządkowaną perswazji.
Szczegółowa analiza wykazała, że w omawianych utworach znalazły ujęcie wszystkie najważniejsze problemy staropolskiej myśli historycznej. Dowodzi to szczególnej pozycji, jaką zajmowała historia w piśmiennictwie kaznodziei królewskiego. Nie ograniczała się ona do szeregu pomocniczych ewokacji, wyzutych z pierwotnej treści wskutek jednostronnego i bezkrytycznego stosowania, lecz stanowiła przemyślane, złożone i wieloaspektowe narzędzie, służące realizacji podstawowych celów na drodze do przemiany społeczeństwa w duchu potrydenckiej religijności.
Dlaczego mnie zostawiasz?
Authors: Kołodziejczyk Artur
Published: May 2024

Szoah stało się zakwestionowaniem oraz kulturowo-aksjologicznym i duchowym wyjałowieniem całej cywilizacji w jej fundamentach. Pytania o człowieka i Boga po Zagładzie, zrewidowane i skonfrontowane przez Hannah Arendt i Hansa Jonasa, ujawniły nieprzewidywalną, wręcz bezgraniczną potęgę ludzkiego działania i ludzkiej wolności. Jeśli Szoah miało miejsce, to znaczy, że może powtórzyć się w przyszłości. Imperatyw odpowiedzialności i przekonanie o elementarnym prawie człowieka do posiadania praw brzmią w tym kontekście jako swoiste memento wobec apokaliptycznej wizji możliwości powtórzenia się Zagłady. Człowiek może bowiem wiele dokonać, jest nawet w stanie zrealizować wymierzony w samego siebie plan samozagłady.
Prezentowanej książce przyświecają dwa cele badawcze. Po pierwsze doświadczenie zła w postaci historycznego wydarzenia Szoah jest momentem, który stał się impulsem do nowego stawiania pytań o Boga i człowieka względem dotychczasowej tradycji filozoficznej. Po drugie chodzi o pokazanie, że filozoficzne zagadnienie Boga oraz filozoficzna problematyka człowieka nie są od siebie odrębne, a wręcz przeciwnie – są komplementarne.
Takie zagadnienia, jak doświadczenie fenomenu zła, idea Boga, natura ludzka czy kwestia sankcjonowanego przez człowieka systemu politycznego, są tymi problemami, które zostają związane z filozoficzną refleksją. Wiele z tych pytań – o czym świadczą artefakty współczesnej kultury oraz myśli humanistycznej – domagało się i nadal domaga ponownej konfrontacji, rewizji po historycznym wydarzeniu Zagłady. Rozmach systemowego wyniszczania rzesz ludzi wywołał paraliżujący stan niemocy, a niekiedy podważył też funkcjonujące dotychczas tradycyjne systemy intelektualne. Cały ten proces, wykalkulowany, starannie zaplanowany, systemowy i posiadający legitymację prawną, usankcjonowaną przez politycznych decydentów-sprawców oraz przez indywidualnych ludzi, nie miał precedensu w historii Zachodu.
GESTÃO DE SISTEMAS DE EDUCAÇÃO A DISTÂNCIA: apontamentos e caracterização
Authors: Mill Daniel
Published: May 2024

Este artigo analisa a prática da gestão educacional no contexto da educação a distância (EaD), buscando melhor compreensão das suas particularidades e origens. Com base em experiências de gestão em EaD, o texto representa um exercício de reflexão para compreender as dificuldades e estratégias de um gestor educacional no âmbito dessa modalidade. Partindo das noções de planejamento, organização, direção e controle da gestão empresarial, o texto estabelece alguns elementos essenciais ao gestor de sistemas de educação a distância. Como resultado, a análise traz uma breve caracterização das instâncias mantenedoras de EaD, busca contribuições da gestão empresarial para a gestão em EaD, levanta algumas especificidades dos sistemas de gestão no contexto educacional, busca orientações para a configuração de possíveis modelos de gestão para sistemas de EaD e destaca alguns desafios e dificuldades enfrentadas pelos gestores de EaD em seu cotidiano de trabalho.
Pengaruh Organizational Citizenship Behavior terhadap Kinerja Karyawan
Authors: Fauziah Nina , Poernomo Djoko , Mastika I Ketut , Fadilla Sarah
Published: May 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh organizational citizenship behavior terhadap kinerja karyawan (Studi pada PT Karya Marga Intinusa Probolinggo). Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah karyawan tetap PT Karya Marga Intinusa Probolinggo sejumlah 43 orang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sensus sehingga seluruh populasi dijadikan sebagai sampel. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner yang kemudian dilakukan analisis deskriptif, uji instrumen data, uji asumsi klasik, uji analisis linier sederhana, dan uji hipotesis dengan menggunakan bantuan software SPSS versi 26. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa organizational citizenship behavior berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah semakin kuat organizational citizenship behavior maka semakin besar kinerja karyawan yang dihasilkan.
Kata kunci: Organizational Citizenship Behavior; Kinerja Karyawan.
Eski Türkçe – Moğolca Dil Temaslarında Yenisey Kırgızcasının Yeri
Authors: Alimov Rysbek
Published: May 2024

Uzun süreli ve yoğun karşılıklı temaslar Türkçe ve Moğolca arasında çok sayıda sözlüksel ve dilbilsel unsurun birinden diğerine nüfuz etmesine yol açmıştır. Sözlüksel kopyaların sayısı ve tahlili dilsel temasın XIII. yüzyıla kadar Türkçe lehine, XIII-XVI. yüzyıllarda ise Moğolca lehine geliştiğini gösterir. Türk dillerindeki Moğolca alıntılarda olduğu gibi Türkçeden Moğolcaya geçen sözcüklerde de ilgili dönem Türkçesinin ayırt edici fonetik özellikleri ile Moğolcanın aynı dönemdeki fonotaktik kısıtlamalarını takip etmek mümkündür.
Eski Türkçeden Moğolcaya geçen sözcüklerin büyük çoğunluğu Eski Uygurca kökenlidir. Ancak Moğolcada Eski Türkçe dönemine tarihlendirilen bazı sözlüksel kopyaların sahip olduğu fonetik özellikler onların Orhon Türkçesi veya Eski Uygurca y- tipi değil, ǰ- tipi Eski Türkçe bir değişkeden geçtiğine işaret etmektedir. Yazar makalesinde bu tür sözcüklerin Moğolcaya tarihi Moğol boylarıyla yoğun temasta bulunan Yenisey Kırgızlarının dilinden geçtiğini ileri sürmektedir. Yazar ayrıca Yenisey Kırgızcası ile Erken Orta Çağ Moğol dili arasında temaslar olduğuna işaret eden teşhis edici fonetik ölçütleri aşağıdaki şekilde sıralamaktadır: a) YenK. ǰ- > Moğ. ǰ-; b) YenK. (ikincil) *n- ~ *ñ > Moğ. n-; c) YenK. -b > Moğ. –b; YenK. -b, -b- ~ (>) -m- > -β-, -sCb ~ (>) -sCm > Mog. -b, -b- ~ (>) -m-, -sCb ~ (>) -sCm.
RÛHÎ’NİN TERKİB-BENDİNDE KURUMSAL DİN ELEŞTİRİSİ
Authors: Taş Bünyamin
Published: May 2024

Rûhî’nin terkib-bend nazım biçimiyle yazdığı eleştirel içerikli şiiri, yazıldığı günden itibaren büyük bir ilgi görmüştür. Bu durumun doğal bir sonucu olarak ait olduğu gelenek içinde, bilindiği kadarıyla, otuz civarında naziresi vardır. Rûhî’nin terkib-bendine gösterilen alaka modern dönemde akademik araştırmalar aracılığıyla da sürdürülmüştür. Söz konusu bilimsel yayınlarda genellikle şiirdeki eleştirinin hangi kavramlarla örüldüğüne dikkat edilmiş ve şairin adaletsizlik, liyakatsizlik, riya, tamah ve nankörlük gibi davranışları eleştirdiği tespitleri yapılmıştır. Bu yazıda ise, şiirde “zahid” veya “sufi” olarak çağrılan tipler aracılığıyla yapılan eleştiriye dikkat çekilmiştir. Toplam on yedi bendden oluşan şiirin önemli bir kısmı bu tiplerin yerilmesine ve onlara mukabil “rind” tipinin yüceltilmesine mahsustur. Şiirin yarıdan fazlasına tekabül eden on bendde anılan tiplemeler üzerinden dinî kişiliklerin yerilmiş olması, şairin eleştirisinde din konusunun daha özel bir yeri olduğunu göstermektedir. İlaveten eleştiri mezkûr tiplemelerin uygunsuz görülen eylemleriyle sınırlı kalmayıp onların statüsüyle alakalı sembollere de uzanmıştır. Böylece medrese, mescit, tekke, kitap, cüppe ve sarık gibi semboller yardımıyla dinin kurumsallaşan yapısına yönelik bütüncül bir eleştiri yapılmıştır.
Detection of Fasciola sp. in the Livers of Slaughtered Cattle at a Slaughterhouse in North Lombok Regency
Authors: Syamsuddin Syamsuddin , Ningtyas Novarina Sulsia Ista'in , Purwanti Ni Luh Lasmi , Supriadi Supriadi
Published: May 2024

Background: Fasciola sp. has been identified as a highly pathogenic organism and has a significant health impact on both animals and humans. However, there is a lack of data and information on fasciolosis in North Lombok Regency. Purpose: This study aims to detect the presence of Fasciola sp. in livers of slaughtered cattle at the Tanjung Sub-district Slaughterhouse, North Lombok Regency. Methods: This study was conducted on the livers of slaughtered cattle, with a total of 30 samples collected between August and September 2023. Results: A total of 30 liver samples from slaughtered cattle at the Tanjung Sub-district Slaughterhouse, North Lombok Regency were examined for the presence of Fasciola sp. worms. The examination involved observing changes in color, size, consistency, and palpation of the organ. Following the incision of the liver and bile ducts and subsequent inspection of several areas with pathological-anatomical changes due to the infestation of Fasciola sp., an average length and width measurements of Fasciola sp. worms were found to be 26 mm and 6.4 mm, respectively. This indicated the worms belong to the Fasciola gigantica species. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that Fasciola sp. worms were found in the livers of slaughtered cattle at the Tanjung Sub-district Slaughterhouse, North Lombok Regency. The worms were identified as belonging to the Fasciola gigantica species, characterized by an average length of 26 mm and width of 6.4 mm, having a narrow shoulder, a blunt posterior end, a flat leaf-like body shape, dorsoventrally flattened, a brownish-gray color, and an oral sucker at the anterior end.
Effect of Epigallocatechin Gallate on the Inflammatory Response in Mice (Mus musculus) Kidneys
Authors: Airlangga Gegana Wimaldy , Fajriya Balqis Aina , Hardian Andreas Bandang
Published: May 2024

Background: Epigallocatechin gallate is the primary polyphenol constituent of green tea. It has the ability to inhibit the pathological processes caused by oxidants. However, in certain cases, the green tea diet is known to exert pro-oxidant effects. In addition, studies have shown that epigallocatechin gallate negatively affects cells. Several studies on epigallocatechin gallate showed increased oxidative stress and decreased intracellular antioxidants. Furthermore, it can stimulate an inflammatory response from the innate immune system, which may contribute to the elimination of the effects of epigallocatechin gallate. Purpose: This study aims to investigate the inflammatory responses (IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-α) in mice kidneys due to epigallocatechin gallate. Methods: This study involved the use of experimental animals aged between two and three months with an average body weight of 20 grams. The animals were randomly divided into two groups, namely the control group and the epigallocatechin gallate treatment group, with each group consisting of 16 samples. The dose of epigallocatechin gallate used in this study was 750 mg/kg bw. The treatment was administered for three days, after which the kidneys were collected. Immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the inflammatory response, including IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α. Subsequently, all the data were collected and statistically analyzed using an independent t-test. Results: The results of the data analysis showed a significant difference in the expression of IL-6 (p = 0.018) and TNF-α (p = 0.000), but no significant difference in the expression of IL-1 (p = 0.106). Conclusion: In conclusion, epigallocatechin gallate was found to induce an inflammatory response in mice kidneys.
Effects of Dietary Soy Sauce Dregs and Cassava Peel Meal on the Performance of Production and Reproduction of Grower Quails (Cortunix cortunix Japonica)
Authors: Ummah Muhammad Misbahul , Rojabi Wahib Moh.Ridho , Hertamawati Rosa Tri
Published: May 2024

Background: The cost of feed is a significant factor in the viability of a quail farming business. Purpose: This study aims to determine the effects of dietary soy sauce dregs and cassava peel meal on the performance production and reproduction of grower quails (Cortunix cortunix Japonica). Methods: This study employed four treatment groups, each with five replicates, namely P0 (control), P1 (5%), P2 (10%), and P3 (15%). The parameters observed were feed consumption, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio, mortality, body weight at sexual maturity, egg weight, and laying age. Data analysis was conducted using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, followed by the Duncan’s multiple range test (DMRT) to identify any significant differences. Results: The results showed that the addition of soy sauce dregs and cassava peel meal to the feed up to 15% to the treatment group resulted in significant effects (p < 0.05) on feed consumption, egg weight, and laying age. However, it had no significant effect on body weight, feed conversion ratio, mortality, and body weight at sexual maturity. Conclusion: The supplementation of soy sauce dregs and cassava peel meal up to 15% in grower quail diets resulted in improvements in the performance of both production and reproduction of grower quails, as evidenced by increased feed consumption, egg weight, and laying age.
A Case of Bilateral Conjunctivitis in a Seven-Year-Old Shih-Tzu Dog
Authors: Saputra Made Gede Adi Surya , Widyastuti Sri Kayati , Putriningsih Putu Ayu Sisyawati
Published: May 2024

Background: Conjunctivitis is an inflammation of the conjunctiva that is common in dog, which also known as pink eyes. Conjunctivitis can be caused by infectious agents such as bacteria, chlamydia, and virus, and can also be induced by allergies or due to trauma. Bilateral infection may indicate they are caused by an infectious agent or allergy. Purpose: This study aims to provide veterinarians with insight into the treatment of conjunctivitis cases and the factors that hinder therapy. Case: A seven-year-old female Shih-Tzu dog has had eye problems for six months since April 2023. Physical examination revealed redness in the left and right eyes with mucopurulent exudate. Laboratory examination using an impression smear followed by cytology confirmed inflammation in the eye with many neutrophil cells and coccus-shaped bacteria. The dog was diagnosed with bacterial conjunctivitis with a good prognosis. Case Management: The therapy consisted of the administration of topical antibiotics in the form of Erlamycetin plus® (chloramphenicol and dexamethasone) eye drops for five days, followed by Erlamycetin® (chloramphenicol) eye ointment. Conclusion: After 12 days of therapy, there was no redness in the dog’s eyes and only a small amount of exudate was observed. However, on day 14, the owner reported that exudates were observed in the dog’s eyes. The therapy resulted in improvements but was not optimal because the owner did not consistently follow the recommendations.
Comprehensive Dental Care for Children with Visual Impairment
Authors: Nisrina Shafiya Fildza , Loebis Rozalina
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Children with visual impairment are more susceptible to acquiring pathologies in the oral cavity than the general population, the most prevalent of which are dental caries, inflammation of the gums, and loss of the structures that support the teeth. The oral health care needs of visually impaired children are needed. Purpose: To provide a better understanding that can guide ophthalmologists about the importance of comprehensive dental care for children with visual impairments. Review: Factors that respond to the need for oral health care in visually impaired children are lack of ability to carry out oral hygiene habits, lack of knowledge on the part of health personnel to provide services adapted to the needs of this population, absence of promotion and education programs, and lack of public policies on oral health. This article discusses the dental aspects of visual impairment, its implications for obtaining dental care, associated oral conditions, and medical complications. Conclusion: It is imperative to prioritize the implementation of preventive methods and oral health education among visually impaired children. The function of the dentist is significant in the management of children with such conditions. Ophthalmologists should collaborate with dentists who possess a strong drive to provide care for children with special needs such as visual impairment and will discover that this endeavor offers significant opportunities to be an enriching experience.
Rational design of nitrogen-doping Ti3C2Tx microspheres with enhanced polysulfide catalytic activity for lithium-sulfur batteries
Authors: Cai Lucheng , Ying Hangjun , He Chaowei , Tan Hui , Huang Pengfei , Han Qizhen , Han Wei-Qiang
Published: May 2024

The primary challenges that impede the practical applications of lithium-sulfur batteries are the significant shuttle effect of polysulfides, huge volume expansion, and slow redox kinetics. In this work, three-dimensional nitrogen doping Ti3C2Tx MXenes (3D N-Ti3C2Tx ) were successfully synthesized by spray drying and subsequent annealing, and hydrochloric acid-treated melamine effectively reduces the oxidation of MXenes in these processes. The formation of a unique nanoflower-shaped microsphere endows 3D N-Ti3C2Tx with a significant specific surface area and pore volume. The combination of nitrogen doping and the large specific surface area increased adsorption capacity and catalytic conversion ability for polysulfide intermediates. Consequently, the obtained 3D N-Ti3C2Tx /S cathode exhibited high-capacity retention (578.5 mAh g-1 after 500 cycles at 0.5 C and 462.5 mAh g-1 after 1,000 cycles at 1 C), superior rate performance (651.2 mAh g-1 at 3 C), and excellent long-term cycling performance (capacity fading rate of 0.076% per cycle at 0.5 C and 0.046% per cycle at 1 C). This work expands the potential applications of MXenes for lithium-sulfur batteries.
GENDER DALAM SUDUT PANDANG ANTROPOLOGI DAN ISLAM
Authors: Arfaizar Januariansyah , HAK Nurmala , Yusdani Yusdani , Chasanah Latifatul
Published: May 2024

Gender studies have always been used as a basic reference and have had a significant influence on the social sciences, both in general and specific terms. This basic reference is evident when examining the working relations between men and women, in various societal structures in different cultures. Therefore, the division of responsibilities between men and women is determined not only socially but also culturally, and, more importantly according to sociologists and anthropologists, not according to God's nature and will. This study uses a qualitative research method, the approach used is theology and anthropology. Misunderstanding of the position of men and women in culture must be explained by anthropologists and other social science activists. Where the label of independence in men and the indecision of women is only a label built by culture, especially patriarchal culture. Islam does not distinguish between men and women except for inherent natures such as giving birth and breastfeeding. In addition, Allah only differentiates his people based on their piety.
Kajian gender senantiasa menjadikan acuan dasar serta berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap ilmu-ilmu sosial, baik dalam pengertian umum maupun spesifik. Rujukan dasar tersebut tampak jelas pada saat mengkaji relasi kerja antara laki-laki dan perempuan, dalam berbagai struktur masyarakat dalam kultur yang berbeda. Karenanya, pembagian tanggung jawab antara laki-laki dan perempuan ditetapkan tidak saja secara sosial tetapi juga kultural, dan, lebih penting lagi menurut para sosiolog dan antropolog, bukan atas kodrat dan keinginan Tuhan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, pendekatan yang digunakan adalah teologi dan antropologi. Kesalahan pemahaman akan kedudukan laki-laki dan perempuan dalam budaya, harus diuraikakn oleh antropolog dan penggiat ilmu sosial lainya. Dimana label indepensi pada laki-laki serta kebimbangan para perempuan hanya label yang dibangun oleh budaya terutama budaya patriarki. Islam tidak membedakan laki-laki dan perempuan kecuali kodrat yang melekat seperti melahirkan dan menyusui. Selain itu Allah hanya membedakan umatnya berdasarkan ketakwaanya saja.
Spectroscopic Study of a Novel Binaphthyl Amine Fluorescent Probe for Chiral Recognition of DL-Lysine
Authors: Wu Liji , Lu Xiangyu , Cai Wentao , Zou Yajun , Zhang Xiaoyu , Yang Jialiang , Zhao Gang
Published: May 2024

Lysine plays a crucial role in promoting development, enhancing immune function, and improving the function of central nervous system tissues. The two configurational isomers of amino acids have significantly different effects. Currently, methods for chiral recognition of lysine all have drawbacks such as expensive equipment and complicated detection processes, whereas fluorescence analysis boasts high sensitivity, strong selectivity, and simple operation. In this study, we synthesized four novel Binaphthyl-Amine (BINAM)-based fluorescent probes capable of specifically identifying the L-configuration of lysine among the twenty amino acids constituting human proteins. The enantiomeric fluorescence enhancement ratio (ef or ΔIL/ΔID) reached up to 15.29, demonstrating high enantioselectivity. We also evaluated the probe's recognition ability under different pH, reaction times, and metal ion conditions, as well as the Limit of Detection of the probe. Our findings indicate that this probe is a highly stable tool for detecting chiral lysine.
Direct Imaging of Radiation Sensitive Organic Polymer-Based Nanocrystals at Sub-Ångström Resolution
Authors: Carlino Elvio , Taurino Antonietta , Hasa Dritan , Bučar Dejan-Krešimir , Polentarutti Maurizio , Chincilla Lidia Esther , Calvino Gamez Jose Juan
Published: May 2024

Seeing atomic configuration of single organic nanoparticles at sub-Å spatial resolution by transmission electron microscopy has been so far prevented by the high sensitivity of soft matter to radiation damage. The difficulty is related to the need to irradiate the particle with a total dose of few electrons/Å2, not compatible with the electron beam density necessary to search the low-contrast nanoparticle, to control its drift, to finely adjust the electro-optical conditions and particle orientation, and to finally acquire an effective atomic resolution image. On the other hand, the capability to study individual pristine nanoparticles, such as proteins, active pharmaceutical ingredients, and polymers, with peculiar sensitivity to the variation of the local structure, defects, and strain, would provide advancements in many fields, including materials science, medicine, biology, and pharmacology. Here we report direct sub-ångström resolution imaging at room temperature of pristine unstained crystalline polymer-based nanoparticles. This result is obtained by combining low-dose in-line electron holography and phase-contrast imaging on state-of-the-art equipment, providing an effective tool for the quantitative sub-angstrom imaging of soft matter.
The Effect of Temperature on the London Dispersive and Lewis Acid-base Surface Energies of Poly Methyl Methacrylate Adsorbed on Silica by Inverse Gas Chromatography
Authors: Hamieh Tayssir
Published: May 2024

Inverse gas chromatography at infinite dilution was used to determine the surface thermodynamic properties of silica particles and PMMA adsorbed on silica, and more particularly, to quantify the London dispersive energy γsd, the Lewis acid γs+ and base γs- polar surface energies of PMMA/silica composites as a function of the temperature and the recovery fraction θ of PMMA. The polar acid–base surface energy γsAB and the total surface energy of the different composites were then deduced as a function of the temperature. In this paper, the Hamieh thermal model was used to quantify the surface thermodynamic energy of poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) adsorbed on silica particles at different recovery fractions. A comparison of the new results was carried out with those obtained by applying other molecular models of the surface areas of organic molecules adsorbed on the different solid substrates. An important deviation of these molecular models from the thermal model was proved. The determination of γsd, γs+, γs-, and γsAB of PMMA in both bulk and adsorbed phases showed an important non-linearity variation of these surface parameters as a function of the temperature. The presence of maxima in the curves of γsd(T) highlighted the second order transition temperatures in PMMA showing beta-relaxation, glass transition and liquid-liquid temperatures. These three transition temperatures depended on the adsorption rate of PMMA on silica. The proposed method gave a new relation between the recovery fraction of PMMA and its London dispersive energy showing an important effect of the temperature on the surface energy parameters of adsorption of PMMA on silica. A universal equation relating γsd(T,θ) of the systems PMMA/silica to the recovery fraction and the temperature was proposed.
Exploring the Nuptial Bond Between Neuroprediction and AI in Criminal Justice: A Theoretical Review
Authors: Deb Ekata
Published: May 2024

The prognostic abilities of artificial intelligence and neuroscience in forensics and the criminal justice system stand as a reformatory paradigm for understanding any criminal conduct. While the use of artificial intelligence has been labeled transformational data analytical capabilities, neural predictive approaches also enable an intricate understanding of culpability and criminal propensities. The literature on the complex nature of neuroprediction and artificial intelligence, its ethical deliberations and its usability in curving recidivism are analyzed. This theoretical review elucidates the complex interplay, nuptial relationships and convergence of these relationships in the quest for justice. The consequences of not protecting individual rights in the criminal justice system are surveyed using grounded theory. The degree of acceptability and dependability of AI-generated evidence in legal proceedings are also reviewed. All these topics are yet to be contemplated under one roof to offer an argumentative view. The author expects to prompt readers and new commers to embrace more sociolegal and technological research before incorporating such research in the Indian Judiciary. The review focuses on the question of whether to blame such technology inclusion wholly or rather to prioritize the acquisition of bias-free pretrained datasets and processing models.
Projected Changes in Dry and Wet Spells over West Africa Using Markov chain Approach
Authors: Basse Jules , Camara Moctar , Diba Ibrahima , DIEDHIOU Arona
Published: May 2024

The study examines projected changes in dry- and wet-spell probabilities in West Africa using a Markov chain approach. Four simulations of regional climate models from the CORDEX-Africa program were used to analyze projected changes in intraseasonal variability. The results show an increase in the probability of having a dry day, a dry day preceding a wet day and a dry day preceding a dry day, and a decrease in the probability of wet days in the Sahel region under anthropogenic forcing scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. The decrease in wet days is stronger in the far future and under the RCP8.5 scenario (up to -30%). The study also finds that the probability of consecutive dry days (lasting at least 7 days and 10 days) is expected to increase in the Western Sahel, the Central Sahel, and the Sudanian Area under both scenarios, with stronger increases in the RCP8.5 scenario. In contrast, the decrease is expected over the Guinea Coast, with the changes more important under the RCP4.5. These changes in dry- and wet-spell probabilities are important for water management decisions and risk reduction in the energy and agricultural sectors. The study also highlights the need for decision-makers to implement mitigation and adaptation policies to minimize the adverse effects of climate change.
Focused Update on Clinical Testing of Otolith Organs
Authors: Hegemann Stefan Carl Anton , Bery Anand Kumar , Kheradmand Amir
Published: May 2024

The overall contribution of otolith receptors to eye movements, postural control and perceptual functions is the basis for clinical testing of otolith function. With such wide range of contributions, it is important to recognize that the functional outcomes of these tests may vary depending on the specific method employed to stimulate the hair cells. In this article, we review common methods used for clinical evaluation of otolith function and how different aspects of physiology may affect the functional measurements in these tests. We compare the properties and performance of various clinical tests with the emphasis on the newly-developed video ocular counter roll (vOCR), measurement of ocular torsion on fundus photography, and subjective visual vertical or horizontal (SVV/SVH) testing.