bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alain Badious Paulus-læsning
Authors: Karlsen Mads Peter
Published: February 2019

In philosophical and theological circles there has been a tendency to read Alain Badiou’s book Saint Paul – La fondation de l’universalisme as part of a more widespread ‘return to religion’ in the field of philosophy. This article argues that if we read Badiou’s book in this context we risk a serious misunderstanding of the relationship between philosophy and religion and religion and politics in Badiou’s work. The argument proceeds in two stages. Firstly, by examining Badiou’s ‘formalistic’ approach to Paul, a more general view of the relation between philosophy and religion is uncovered in his work. Secondly, the subsequent discussion aims to illustrate how we can understand Badiou’s claim in Saint Paul that his intention in the book ‘is neither historicizing nor exegetical, but subjective through and through’. This ‘subjective intention’ is illuminated through a survey of three more or less coherent issues in Badiou’s book, summarized under the following headings: Badiou’s Paul as a ‘literary instantiation’, a ‘philosophical intervention’ and a ‘political inspiration’. At the heart of all three issues is the same concern, namely a concern for a specific conception of truth, which Badiou believes can be found in Paul.
Eudaimonisme og anti-eudaimonisme
Authors: Berg Kenneth
Published: February 2019

The quality of disinterestedness is generally thought to be the defining feature of the moral act. As a result, much of modern moral thinking promotes some idea of self-sacrifice. It is the contention of the present article that this tendency is unfortunate. At the same time, it suggests that the opposite view – namely that human beings are by nature ineradicably selfish – is equally problematic. The article traces the origins of these two positions to the quarrel over pure love at the end of the 17th century and discusses the views of its two main protagonists, François Fénelon and Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet. In the final third, the article turns to the 20th century, particularly to German philosopher Robert Spaemann. It thereby includes a suggestion of how the modern paradigm of disinterestedness may be dissolved through a phenomenological analysis of love.
Brevard S. Childs: Kanon, metode og teologi
Authors: Poulsen Frederik
Published: February 2019

The article offers an introduction to the work and program of the Old Testament scholar and theologian, Brevard S. Childs. Central to his argument is the emphasis on canon as a rule of faith in the shaping of the biblical literature within the community of faith and practice. In his major work, Biblical Theology of the Old and New Testaments, Childs attempts to establish a theological stance from which the entire Bible can be read in the light of Jesus Christ.
Fjendekærlighed og vennehad
Authors: Davidsen Ole
Published: February 2019

“Love of Enemies, Hatred of Friends. Morality and Exchange in Luke 6:27-36” offers a semiotic interpretation of the radical lovecommand in the Sermon on the Plain. The love-command appears as a social paradox but is in no way semantically unreasonable. Its own rationality comes forth, when we uncover the semantic macro-cosmos of which it forms a part. Three different but structurally related realms can be identified therein: In the midpoint the Kingdom of Justice (love of friends, hatred of enemies) is flanked by the anarchistic Kingdom of Evil (hatred of friends) and the likewise anarchistic Kingdom of Mercy (love of enemies). Jesus’ love-command, representing the Kingdom of Mercy, receives its conciseness, rationality and intelligibility from being a structural permutation of constitutive elements in this semantic macro-cosmos which itself shows us the essential features of the narrative characterof our moral thinking, based on a logic of exchange (giving and taking).
Nærmere Gud
Authors: Larsen Kasper Bro
Published: February 2019

This article examines a basic spatial structure in the religion of the New Testament: Salvation is nearness to God. This theology of nearness breaks with the theology of distance that dominates the Hebrew Bible, and it lies behind the different temporal and eschatological ideas of salvation in the New Testament. Four bodies of texts are taken to demonstrate this: Paul’s letters in terms of spatial participatory language, Ephesians as regards its two-dimensional reconciliation theology, Hebrews with its priestly theology of access to the Holy of Holies, and the Gospel of John regarding its notion of Christ’s permanent indwelling in believers. In all four bodies of text, nearness to God is the main object to be obtained; eschatology, however, is about how and when to acquire it.
Pagter i Koranen
Authors: Hoffmann Thomas
Published: February 2019

The article presents the central covenantal concepts in the Koran and discusses their provenance, meaning, interrelatedness and interpretation as put forth in academic Islamic studies. A special point of interest concerns the covenantal relations between God (Allāh) and man whilst it is maintained that covenantal aspects should not be isolated from other, seemingly less theological aspects, e.g., various forms of social contracts, oaths and promises. Two subsequent paragraphs follow: the first one concerns covenantal relations between Muhammad and other human beings along with covenants as commercial transactions between God and human beings. The second paragraph considers the concept of divinely supported covenantal renunciations. The article closeswith some tentative remarks on the embodied provenance and usage of covenantal concept.
Navn og parallelisme
Authors: Bader Günter
Published: February 2019

The quest for the relationship between name (the name of God as the theological focus of the Psalms) and parallelism (parallelismus membrorum as the poetical form of the Psalms) not only calls for exegetical but also for systematical explications. Having excluded (1) name without any relationship to parallelism and (2) parallelism without any relationship to name, this essay makes (3) a suggestion on the basis of Ex 3:14-15 and Roman Jakobson’s theory of the two axes of language.
Hans Tausen: Kampen for en dansk Luther
Authors: Dreyer Rasmus H.C.
Published: February 2019

The article is a historiographical examination of the reception of the Danish reformer Hans Tausen: The Lutheran Orthodox theologians (late 16th-17th century) distanced themselves from Tausen, as they identified his theology as ‘Zwinglian’. Pietism and Rationalism (second half of the 18th century), in contrast, defended Tausen and even called him the ‘Danish Luther’ because of what they saw as ‘Lutheran’ aspects of his theology. A critical focus (from around 1850) did not change the general description. The article emphasizes that the examinations of the 20th century are still to be grouped into two, since the focus either is on the ‘Lutheran’ perspectives or Tausen as influenced by the ‘humanistic’ Reformation, by some alternatively identified as a kind of ‘Philippistic’ or ‘Wittenberg’ theology. A renewed examination of Tausen’s theology must rather be understood as a synthesis of continuity and reorientation.
“…i pagt med tidens udvikling og den rivende ændring af samfundets struktur”
Authors: Reeh Tine
Published: February 2019

The theologian and politician Bodil Koch was an influentialplayer in politics regarding the Danish national church in the 20th century.During her twenty-four years as MP for the Social Democrats shemade an effort to avoid an independent constitution of the Church anda separation of church and state. During her thirteen years as Minister ofEcclesiastical Affairs she worked to adjust the church to the welfare state.This article examines one of her initiatives: A commission to modernizethe structure of the church. The surveys and studies from the commissionintroduced methods from sociology and social science into the fieldof church politics in Denmark. The work focused on the activities of thechurch and it revealed a scarce knowledge of traditional Christianityamong the members as well as low Church attendance. Thus the introductionof social science in the ecclesiastical sphere reinforced public notionsof a gap between the Danish national Church and the Danish population– against all intentions.
N.F.S. Grundtvig og kærligheden til næsten
Authors: Nyborg Ole
Published: February 2019

In this paper the conception of Christian love to neighboursand fellow human beings is analyzed within the sermons of the Danishtheologian N.F.S. Grundtvig (1783-1872). In his sermons Grundtvigpersistently expresses the importance of the value of fatherliness. TheChristian person should thus act in a strongly fatherly way towards hisneighbour. Grundtvig criticizes popular ideas of his own time of the natureand essence of Christian neighbour love, and he distinguishessharply between a true and a false sort of Christian love. According tothe sermons of Grundtvig, only a responsible and fatherly, or even patriarchal,way of loving can be a true form of Christian love. These findingsbreak with quite a few common assumptions in the research literature.
Ludwig Müller – nazismens chefteolog
Authors: Friis Martin
Published: February 2019

This article attempts to cast light upon Ludwig Müller’sauthorship. Müller was one of the leading figures in the German Christian(“DC”) Faith Movement during the 1930s. He was elected as thefirst (and only) Reichsbischof of the short-lived Protestant Reichskirche inthe first half of the 1930s. For this reason his authorship presents uniqueinsights into the DC-movement’s own reasoning concerning its particularview of the Evangelical-Protestant doctrine shared by many Germantheologians at that time. The article asserts that Müller’s theological reasoning– in his attempt to bring about a harmonization of EvangelicalProtestantdoctrine and National-Socialist Weltanschauung – results in aperversion of the above-mentioned Christian doctrine due to a conspicuouslyanti-dogmatic (i.e. not-sin-oriented), a highly pragmatic orientedattitude towards Christian morals, and a one-sided focus on God’simmanence.
Kan naturkundskab bane vej for religion? Introduktion til Ludvig Feilbergs psykologi og Levelære
Authors: Hansen Knud , Hartyani Margit
Published: February 2019

The topic of this article is the psychology and teaching of the Danish psychologist, philosopher and poet Ludvig Feilberg (1849- 1912). Feilberg described how, in the human body and mind, two basically different kinds of movement act as forces in opposite directions. He conjectured that these two kinds of forces give rise to two modes of consciousness (nonreflexive and reflexive consciousness). By appropriate use of the basic functions of consciousness we may facilitate its ability to organize itself, thereby making psychological and mental development possible by transformations of the mind. Feilberg experienced that nature is able to open our mind to infinity and eternity. In this, and in other ways, nature may lead us towards or into religion. In view of present-day science it is possible to explain many of Feilberg´s observations, which renders his psychology more readily applicable. Key words: Spontaneity – creation – re-creation – vitalization – organisation – transformation – reflection – life – nature – religion.
Kants begreb om det radikale onde
Authors: Mortensen Jacob P.B.
Published: February 2019

The article is a reading of Book One in Kant’s Religion within the Limits of Reason Alone. The main focus is the concept of radical evil, which Kant posits as a philosophical analogue to the Christian concept of Original Sin. The article unfolds the relations between the concepts that Kant uses to establish the concept of radical evil. The main point is that Kant ends up contradicting his own conceptual defi nition because he ascribes evil to the concept of freedom, which is fundamentally good. The article thus follows a peripheral and marginalized trajectory within Kantian scholarship by proposing a Kant who is inconsistent and paradoxical. Even though this ‘contradictory Kant’ ends up not explaining what he sets out to explain, the article appreciates his work for his effort to fi nd a foothold in the question concerning the problem of evil.
Fra apokalyptik til science fiction. Jakob Balling in memoriam
Authors: Jensen Søren
Published: February 2019

In his book Poeterne som kirkelærere (The Poets as Theologians)Jakob Balling compares Dante’s Divine Comedy with Milton’sParadise Lost. He discusses similarities and differences between the twopoems and places them in a literary tradition that combines theologyand poetry, a relationship that has had a decisive influence on the development of literature in Europe. The present article expands this perspective both backwards and forwards in time by including a discussionof the interrelationship between fi ction and religious message in Jewishapocalyptic, using the Apocalypse of Abraham and C.S. Lewis’ modernscience fiction novel Out of the Silent Planet as examples. The article’sdiscussion of the relationship between theology and fi ction raises thequestion of the apocalyptic as genre. Moreover, the demonstration ofthe fi ctional tendency in the apocalyptic is used to support and supplementthe traditional description of genre.
Kainfortællingen i antikke oversættelser og fortolkninger
Authors: Harritsø Lizette
Published: February 2019

Today Cain and Abel are considered the personifi cation of evilitself and the saintlike innocent victim, respectively. The third characterof the narrative, Yahweh, seems to be forgotten in the interpretation ofthe story. He is the one who, by rejecting Cain’s offering, infl ames theanger in him, leading to the fratricide. The story of Cain and Abel aspresented in the masoretic version of Genesis 4:1-16 is an ambiguousand versatile story, where Yahweh is presented as a somewhat unjust andpassionate God. Cain is portrayed as a facetted human being containingboth good and evil. Abel’s character, on the other hand, is barelydescribed. In spite of the fact that the original masoretic version of thenarrative does not support the interpretation mentioned above, this interpretation is predominant in contemporary consciousness.
Næstekærlighed – eller Krarup med Lacan
Authors: Karlsen Mads Peter
Published: February 2019

This article is an attempt to problematize the commandmentof neighbor-love through a comparative reading of Søren Krarup andJacques Lacan. Inspired by Lacan’s essay "Kant avec Sade", the articleproposes that Lacan’s refl ections on the ethics of psychoanalysis illustratethe radicalism and limitations of Krarup’s reading of the injunctionto love one’s neighbor. After a short presentation of Krarup’s positionthe article outlines a number of differences and some similaritiesbetween this position and Lacan’s position. Against Krarup and withLacan the article argues that the commandment of neighbor-love is obscure.The last section of the article addresses the question of what itmeans to be someone’s neighbor. Two viewpoints are contrasted: onethat implicitly claims that the basis of neighbor-love is that in the endwe are all capable of doing good, and another that claims that the basisof neighbor-love is that we are all strangers to ourselves.
Historie og kulturel erindring i Det Gamle Testamente
Authors: Lemche Niels Peter
Published: February 2019

It is an established fact that biblical historiography is fundamentallydifferent from modern historical reconstructions. It was neverthe aim to describe the past as it really was. The purpose of historiographywas didactic, and the means had little to do with modern historicalreconstructions. In this way it is preferable to consider biblicalhistoriography to be cultural memory, and it is sharing with memorythe right not to be dependent on historical facts. Rather it represents a“memory” of the past as constructed by an elite group – the few whowere able to write and read. It is possible to reconstruct the “profi le” ofthese intellectuals and their aim: to write a national history, and clearlyfor propagandistic reasons, to support the primacy of Jerusalem over Samaria.Most likely this historiography dates to the Hasmonean period,
David i fortællingen i verden
Authors: Hasselbalch Trine Bjørnung
Published: February 2019

Interpretations of the narratives about David in the Books ofSamuel can be divided roughly into works that understand them oneway or the other as products of history, and works that tend to disregardquestions about their historical conditions. But neither strategy – studyingthe meaning of their production in terms of history, or not at all– can bring out all facets in the meaning of producing these narratives.Here a spatial approach is taken, according to which the productionof literature is not simply caused by historical contexts that can be accountedfor in research; it takes place in unresolved social situations ofwhich the authors are not in control. From this perspective, some nuancesare suggested about how the writing of the David narratives couldbe meaningful to their author(s).
Lubya – en udraderet palæstinensisk landsby som erindringssted
Authors: Hermansen Bo Dahl
Published: February 2019

This contribution discusses the demolished, Palestinian villageof Lubya as memory place. Lubya was attacked and occupied byIsraeli military forces in 1948 and its inhabitants had to abandon thevillage. Instead they became part of a world-wide Palestinian diaspora.In Edward Said’s terms, like other Palestinian refugees, they became“nowhere people”, who exploited memories about their village of originin order to construct an identity in the diaspora. This memory workis a problem as memories of individual villages become integrated inthe broader discourse of the Palestinian nakba (catastrophe). Thus, aforceful counter-narrative is emerging, which negates the dominant,Zionist master commemorative narrative on which the state of Israel isbased. The theoretical background of the contribution includes PierreNora’s notion of lieux de mémoire, Paul Connerton’s ideas about bodymemory, as well as a phenomenological approach to landscape, place,and space.
Kan du nå saltet?
Authors: Glöckner Dorothea
Published: February 2019

This article brings into dialogue Kierkegaard and modern sociolinguistics.A common starting point is provided by focussing on indirect communication. For what occurs between meaning and saying? And to what extent can social relations be influenced by indirect communication? Included is the survey by P. Brown and S.C. Levinson, Politeness. Some universals in language usage (1987) as well as latest studies on impoliteness that consider strategies of confl ict avoiding communication. Kierkegaard also shows that human communication has to include the receiver. Nevertheless, his thoughts on communication are at the same time fundamentally embedded in analyses of human selfconception. Reflections upon these thoughts are then addressed using Kierkegaard’s work, The Sickness Unto Death. In these selected encounters between Kierkegaard and sociolinguistics, ethical challenges of speech acts are approached as topic of a potential dialogue.
Hvem er hvem i Klagesangene?
Authors: Stegelmann Mette
Published: February 2019

In this article the different speaking voices and personae inLamentations are analysed with the intention of uncovering their dialogicalinteractions and the effect they have on communicating thethemes of the text. It is shown that there are four principal voices inLamentations: the lamenter, Zion, the Man and the community. An essentialelement in the polyphony in Lamentations is the personifi cationof the principal voices. Here it is the persona of Zion who particularlyasserts herself in her role as personifi ed city. She confronts God, whoremains silent in the discourse. The absence of God which is one of themain themes in Lamentations, becomes more obvious in the dynamicinteraction between the lamenter and Zion. The dialogical discoursein Lamentations communicates a many-faceted portrait of God whichresults in a corresponding many-sided theology.
Après le déluge: Københavnerskolen eller kaos?
Authors: Lemche Niels Peter
Published: February 2019

The article is based on the author’s farewell address at the Universityof Copenhagen and includes a review of recent scholarship in thelight of the achievements of the Copenhagen School. The changes ofparadigm from classical historical-critical scholarship to contemporaryOld Testament scholarship after le déluge which was the CopenhagenSchool are considerable. First of all the link previously assumed betweena text in the Old Testament and what really happened in Palestine inancient times has been broken when we realized that there is actually inthe case of the Old Testament so little that unites history with narrativethat it is misleading to understand biblical historiography as “history”.It is a story about the past, a kind of cultural memory, and to those whowrote these stories about the past, the real past was not very important.Another result of the contribution of the Copenhagen School relatesto the dating of biblical literature that was hardly collected before theHellenistic Period, and probably not in Jerusalem or in Palestine. Therefore,with the retirement of the last original member of the CopenhagenSchool it is a totally different scene in Old Testament studies whichremains, not because everyone accepts the theses of the school but because it has set the agenda for present and future discussion.
Det kristne næstekærlighedsbud som etisk anti-etik
Authors: Karlsen Mads Peter
Published: February 2019

The twofold aim of this article is to demonstrate (1) that a moreconstructive and mutually productive relationship is possible betweentheology and psychoanalysis, and doing this arguing (2) that psychoanalysis can assist theology understand the injunction of neighbour love as a form of ethical anti-ethics while theology can assist psychoanalysis maintain the ethical insight that there is something about human existence that is beyond the pleasure principle, something that cannot be reduced to a matter of pure survival and life sustainment, and that this constitutes a challenge for ethics. The article’s first three sections can be divided into two main parts. The first part (section 2) accounts for the criticism of the Christian variation of the injunction of neighbour lovethat Freud presents in Civilization and Its Discontents, and examines thebackground for this critique. The second part (section 3-4) encirclesthe concept of the neighbour as the hub of a form of ethical anti-ethicsthrough a reading of some key passages from Jacques Lacan’s famousSeminar VII on psychoanalytic ethics and Søren Kierkegaard’s Worksof Love. The article last section (section 5) provides a brief concludingsummary.
Mellem neo-patristisk og eusebisk ekklesiologi
Authors: Saggau Emil Bjørn Hilton
Published: February 2019

The new European state Montenegro has been a scene for an internal ecclesial strife between the Serbian Orthodox Church and the newly formed Montenegrin Orthodox Church since the early nineties. This article focuses on the ecclesiological models used in the discussion between the two churches. On one side the Montenegrin Church understands itself from the classical juridical “eusebian” church model. This model’s main focus is the lawful canonic status of independent churches called autocephaly, which the Montenegrin Church claims to possess. On the other side the Serbian Orthodox Church operates with a Neo-patristic ecclesiological model that claims the Eucharist as the true form for an Orthodox Church. A form that the Serbian Church denies that its Montenegrin counterpart has. The two models are focused on two different key-aspects of the Orthodox ecclesiological complex, which are the canon laws and the genuine patristic tradition
Gud og menneske – Skabelsesbegrebet i moderne jødisk tænkning
Authors: Welz Claudia
Published: February 2019

This article explores the meaning of the notion of ‘creation’ inthe Jewish tradition of the 20th century – both in regard to God as creatorand the human being as creature. With reference to Franz Rosenzweig,Margarete Susman and Hans Jonas, the first part of the articlefocuses on the question of whether God, after Auschwitz, can still beunderstood as an omnipotent and righteous creator of the All, while thesecond part investigates the human condition as described by HannahArendt and Emmanuel Levinas: what does it mean to be created as or inthe image of God? In particular, creaturely freedom and responsibility,natality and creativity are highlighted and discussed in the context ofpost-Holocaust theology.
En snusfornuftig afhandling om Origenes’ kristologi og soteriologi
Authors: Petersen Anders Klostergaard
Published: February 2019

In the context of Danish studies of Origen, Anders-Christian Jacobsen’s thesis for the attainment of the higher doctoral degree marks a significant event. It is the first comprehensive Danish work on Origen since Hal Koch’s Pronoia und Paideusis (1932). Yet, the thesis promises more than it can accomplish. I criticise the book for falling short on two accounts. First, throughout the book there is a continuous self-claimed conflation of Origen’s use of allegorisation with Jacobsen’ method, since he advocates the view that in order to grasp Origen one has to adopt his method. Second, by focusing narrowly on works pertaining to the discussion of Origen’s Christology and soteriology the author eclipses that scholarly trajectory which during the last forty years has provided significant insight into Origen’s epistemology. The question is never posed whether the asserted unity of the Christology is a reflection of the underlying Platonic epistemology or vice-versa. Finally, Jacobsen emphasises how his thesis provides a methodological novum by introducing a clear-cut distinction between the addressees of Origen’s Homilies (‘simple Christians’) and the recipients of his Biblical Commentaries (‘spiritually mature Christians’). Yet, this distinction originates in Karen Jo Torjesen’s Hermeneutical Procedure and Theological Method in Origen’s Exegesis (Berlin and New York, DeGruyter 1986, p. 61).
Biblical Archaeology: The Hydra of Palestine’s History
Authors: Thompson Thomas L.
Published: February 2019

Both Israel Finkelstein and William Dever have allegedly distanced themselves from the kind of “biblical archaeology” of William F. Albright. Their own efforts, however, to relate Palestinian archaeology and biblical narrative not only reflect Albright’s earlier methods, they create a politically oriented incoherence. In three recent works, since the turn of the millennia, Finkelstein uses archaeologically based arguments primarily to resolve problems of biblical interpretation. Dever, who also has published three biblical-archaeological studies since 2001, concentrates, rather, on archaeological issues, while using biblical narrative for his underlying historical context. A discussion of the figures of Solomon and Josiah on the one hand and a discussion of “landscapearchaeology” and site classification, on the other hand, illustrate theshortcomings of their methodology.
Den patriarkalske Abraham
Authors: Jensen Hans Jørgen Lundager
Published: February 2019

Behind the well-known “theological” Abraham in Genesis lies the narrative figure that invites an analysis inspired by sociology and anthropology. Abraham is pictured as a wealthy slave- and cattle-owner, competent in negotiation and trade. In matters concerning economy and kinship Abraham is the moderate mediator between violent extremes. In Mary Douglas’ Grid/Group scheme, Abraham would be equally remote from priestly-hierarchical and deuteronomistic-enclavist ideals. Underneath the pietistic and ethnocentric themes that the Biblical textual process has added to the figure of Abraham, one can still detect a third position, an alternative to temple-ritualism and toreligious zealotry.
Kobberrullen (3Q15) fra Qumran i dens litterære sammenhæng
Authors: Høgenhaven Jesper
Published: February 2019

The Copper Scroll from Qumran Cave 3 (3Q15) can be meaningfullyread as a literary text within the context of ancient Jewish writings generally and of the Qumran library in particular. In 3Q15 a communicative situation is envisaged, with an authoritative voice giving instructions to an addressee, who is imagined as moving around from place to place to retrieve the hidden valuables at various locations. Many of the geographical and personal names mentioned derive their significance from their function in older literary traditions. The state of the Promised Land as described in 3Q15 is one of impurity and desolation, awaiting eschatological redemption. The impression of a desolate ruined landscape is corroborated by references to hiding-places that are regularly presented as deserted ruins, abandoned water installations, and tombs. The treasures described in 3Q15 belong to Solomon’s temple; and the text should be read against the background of the welldocumented legends about those treasures.
Udveksling og gave i det fjerde eu‑angelium og dets dys-angelium
Authors: Nielsen Jesper Tang
Published: February 2019

This article is a tribute to Ole Davidsen on the occasion of his retirement from the University of Aarhus. Theories of gift-giving and exchange have been an important factor for Davidsens interpretation of New Testament theology and recently for his understanding of the Gospel of John. I present Davidsens semiotic formulation of the conceptual frame constituted by giving and taking and his understanding of the fundamental New Testament structures. Davidsen insists that the Gospel of John involves a sacrificial understanding of the death of Jesus. He argues that God gives his son in order to repay for an illegitimate take. Therefore he proposes an Adam-myth as background for the Gospel of John. This view is challenged in the article. I argue on the basis of an exegesis of John 3:16 that the illegitimate take consists in a lack of recognition of God, i.e. a degressive cognitive act. That is the underlaying dys-angelium to which the Johannine eu-angelium responds. The gift in the Gospel of John is recognition of God brought forth by Jesus, i.e. a progressive cognitive act.
Når Guds engle er onde
Authors: Andersen Rikke Hvarregaard
Published: February 2019

The aim of this article is to re-examine the claim that the Book of Jubilees and two Qumran texts, the Community Rule and the Damascus Document, have been influenced by the myth of the fallen angels as found in the Book of the Watchers. The analysis focuses on the problem of evil and examines of what sin consists, who is held responsible for it, and how human nature is understood. Even if dependence on the Book of the Watchers is likely, the motifs have undergone radical changes in the three other texts, and it would be more precise to describe the influence as limited.
Fjenden fra Nord
Authors: Høgenhaven Jesper
Published: February 2019

The years 1900-1950 were a fruitful and productive period in Old Testament research in the Nordic countries. Represented by internationally renowned figures like Johannes Pedersen, Sigmund Mowinckel, and Ivan Engnell, Scandinavian Old Testament scholarship gained an independent profile over against the German and Anglo-Saxon realms. This article explores themes of central importance to Nordic scholars in this period, and attempts to spell out some of the more significant nuances and differences among them. Finally, I raise the question to which extent we can meaningfully speak of tendencies and features common to Scandinavian Old Testament scholars1900-1950, and whether such tendencies reflect more general culturaltrends of their time. I tentatively point to some common denominators:A comparative approach that takes seriously the ancient Near Easterncontext of the Old Testament texts, a marked emphasis on cultic perspectives, and an interest in the role played by orality in the formationof Old Testament literary genres and texts. Despite some very differentaccents put by various scholars, these points may be described as characteristic of Scandinavian scholarship in the period.
En alternativ ph.d.-afhandlings udfordring af den praktiske teologi
Authors: Schleicher Marianne , Aune Vigdis , Iversen Hans Raun
Published: February 2019

Tenna Mose Rhiger has written a PhD dissertation in which she has developed a new approach to the celebration of service in the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Denmark with the aim of furthering the intimate presence of pastors during service. The purpose of this extended review of Rhiger’s dissertation is first to share the enthusiasm of the assessment committee for the project as well as its perspectives for Practical Theology and the celebration of service in the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Denmark. Secondly, the authors behind the review wish to advance some critical reflections on the formal requirements forsimilar experimental research projects in the future since this dissertation– as the pioneer work that it is – is likely to set the standards for “product dissertations” in the future.
Ortodoksi, ortopraksi og livsform
Authors: Nielsen Bent Flemming
Published: February 2019

The paper presents a revised version of an oral opposition given on February 24th 2016 occasioned by the presentation of Niels Henrik Gregersens magisterial book, Den generøse Ortodoksi. Konflikt og kontinuitet i kristendommen, 2015, at the Faculty of Theology, University of Copenhagen. The opposition questions the book’s use of the terms Christianity and Orthodoxy, and suggests alternatively a fresh look at the church being an institution and the church offices.
Kant – filosofiens Luther?
Authors: Rasmussen Anders Moe
Published: February 2019

This paper discusses Kant’s philosophy as a possible heir to Lutheran thought. Comparing Kant’s philosophy to that of Descartes reveals some interesting common presuppositions and convictions between Luther and Kant . Their shared conviction about the illegitimacy of reasoning about the ultimate nature of God and the world is especially stressed, which in Kant leads to the idea of the finitude of reason, an idea that runs through both his theoretical and his practical philosophy. It remains an open question, however, whether Kant, though he repeatedly stresses the finitude of reason, escapes the tendency, socharacteristic of the enlightenment, to absolutize human subjectivity.
Ateismens topologi
Authors: Mjaaland Marius Timmann
Published: February 2019

The argument referring to a hidden God, deus absconditus, is a controversial but crucial point in the theology of Martin Luther. A key issue for Luther is the very distinction between the revealed and the hidden God, which prevents abuse and domestication of God’s name and authority. However, this topos can also be seen as a place of origin for modern atheism, as discussed by Hegel, Nietzsche, and Heidegger. The claim of God’s hiddenness introduces a destruction of traditional metaphysics, and hence a radical reconsideration on anthropology, texts, and phenomena. The author analyses this topos of thought in modern philosophy, from Pascal and Kant to Jacobi, Hegel, Nietzsche, Heidegger and Derrida. He argues that the notion of deus absconditus remains a highly questionable place within philosophical discourse, but therefore also represents a continuous questioning of the intellectual premises for late modern atheism.
Kristen etik mellem kompromis og radikalitet
Authors: Nissen Ulrik
Published: February 2019

K. E. Løgstrup’s The Ethical Demand, first published in 1956, has proved to hold insights that give it continued resonance in Scandinavian theology and beyond. Among other things, its rejection of a Christian ethic continues to be debated. Such a critical stance towards Christian ethics can also be found in Dietrich Bonhoeffer. But in contrast to Løgstrup, he can still endorse a Christian discipleship and the call to bear witness to Christ. By bringing Løgstrup and Bonhoeffer into conversation it can be argued that an ethic of responsibility as a responsive concept can open up for a Christian ethic in a third positionbetween compromise and radicalism.
Når verden skriver teologiens dagsorden – Sydafrika og Palæstina
Authors: Lodberg Peter
Published: February 2019

Vatican II represented a fresh start for studies in missiology and ecumenical theology. Especially its call to contextualize and rethink old theological dogmas was well received in many churches in Latin America and Africa that were involved in a process of liberation from old colonial structures. In South Africa the church struggle resulted in the formulation of the Kairos document in 1985. It has since inspired theologians in Palestine/Israel to formulate a Palestinian Kairos document in 2009. In both documents the concepts of reconciliation and restorative justice are used to express interrelated realities. A group of international theologians marked the 500 year of the Reformation by publishing a declaration in January 2017 in Wittenberg, Germany, in line with the two Kairos documents. This shows that in missiology and ecumenical theology new theological inspiration is now coming from the Global South, thereby challenging the Western churches to take a stand in the on-going conflict in Palestine/Israel.
Viljens frihed og ufrihed i ældre luthersk tradition
Authors: Olsen Peter
Published: February 2019

Martin Luther and early Lutheran tradition claimed that God wills both life and death. There is, however, an asymmetry between God’s will for life and God’s will for death. The article explores how this asymmetry has been handled in different ways within the early Lutheran tradition. Also, the Formula of Concord (1577) understood divine predestination to be the cause of human faith. Later Lutheran Orthodoxy understood human faith to be the reason for divine predestination. In the 1880’s these two positions gave rise to a controversy among North American Lutherans. Their main arguments are reproduced.Martin Luther himself believed that everything happened by necessity, but he understood this to be compatible with a distinct version of a free will. In modern philosophical parlance, Luther was a compatibilist. In this, later Lutheran Orthodoxy did not follow the reformer. It moved towards synergism.
Åndsforestillinger og deres enhed i Johannesevangeliet
Authors: Nielsen Jesper Tang
Published: February 2019

Inspired by recent developments in Johannine research in Denmark, this article investigates the coherence of the concept of pneuma and paraklêtos in the Johannine writings. On the basis of the clear difference between pneuma and paraklêtos in First John, it differentiates between three different concepts in the Fourth Gospel. The first concerns Jesus’ possession of the pneuma from the incarnation to the death on the cross. It derives from the synoptic tradition, or more probably directly from the Gospel of Mark. The second does not have parallels in the synoptic gospels. It concerns the role of the pneuma for the believers. All instances are connected with the ritual praxis in the community and have remarkable relations to Paul. The third conception includes the Paraclete-sayings and is probably a genuine Johannine invention. It presents the pneuma-paraclete as an active figure that takes the place of the absent Jesus and in many ways authorizes the gospel writing. It is furthermore argued that the logos of the prologue can be understood in specific Stoic terms. The Stoic understanding of logos as being the cognitive side of the material pneuma is able to comprise all aspects of the Johannine pneuma-paraclete even if it is a combination of different ideas. Therefore, the prologue should be understood as a philosophical introduction that makes the reader incorporate all three Johannine pneumata into one conception.
Johannesevangeliets tilblivelse
Authors: Engberg-Pedersen Troels
Published: February 2019

In discussion with a recent article by Jesper Tang Nielsen on “Åndsforestillinger og deres enhed i Johannesevangeliet” (“Conceptionsof Spirit and their Unity in the Gospel of John”, Dansk Teologisk Tidsskrift 81, 2018, 18-40), this article addresses three issues: 1) Is it possible, and even necessary, to connect in thought what John says of the pneuma (“spirit”) in the three groups distinguished by Tang Nielsen (1. Jesus and the pneuma, with synoptic parallels; 2. the pneuma and believers, with parallels in Paul and the liturgical practice of the Johannine congregation; 3. the pneuma-“Paraclete”, with some parallels in Paul)? The article argues for a positive answer by analysing John 1,32-34 (in context) together with the whole of John ch. 3. 2) Is it possible, and even necessary, to find an important overlap in thought between the socalled “Prologue” of John and the rest of the Gospel? The article argues for a positive answer by analysing John 1,1-18 together with John 12,35-36 and 12,44-50. The “Prologue”, so it is claimed, is woven into the rest, and the rest could not have been written without it. 3) How should one imagine “John” setting about writing his Gospel? In the light of the answers given to the two previous questions, it is claimed that the best way of doing this is to see “John” as attempting to produce a single, coherent text (John 1,1-20,31) that would build upon and try to articulate the inner coherence of the practice and thought to be found in all its three “predecessors”: congregational practice, Paul and Mark.
Nupcie facte sunt
Authors: Kjøller-Rasmussen Jonas
Published: February 2019

The article provides a comparative study of sermons on thewedding at Cana (Second Sunday after Epiphany) from three Danishsermon collections by Peter Madsen (d. c. 1486), Christiern Pedersen(d. 1554), and Hans Tausen (d. 1561). The study draws upon methodologicaldevelopments within the field of sermon studies to show theimportance of a contextualizing, trans-reformation perspective: contextualizing,by referring to the context of the sermon collection in thestudy of the singular sermon and taking into account its purpose andcompilation; trans-reformation, by referring to a selection of materialfrom before and after the reformation in order to better understand thereception of tradition through its rejection, adaptation, and continuation.On this basis, the article argues that before and after the reformationthere was general agreement in the exegesis of the pericope, butgreat difference in how the text was used – a difference that may partlybe explained by a contextualization of the sermon.
Where in the New Literary World Are We?
Authors: Mackey Margaret
Published: February 2019

Da salget af e-bøger er fordoblet i løbet af blot seks måneder i USA og Amazon nu sælger flere elektroniske bøger end papirudgaver, er det tid til at gøre status over hvor vi er og hvor vi er på vej hen på bogområdet. Det vrimler med geografiske metaforer i dette ”territorium”, men det er tydeligt at vi nærmer os et skelsættende øjeblik, som kalder på en vurdering af implikationerne ved vores nuværende situation. Denne artikel, der trækker på udviklingen i Canada og globalt, kortlægger det litterære landskab anno 2011. Hvor langt er vi kommet i retning af elektronisk læsning, og hvilke aktuelle udfordringer vil læserne også stå overfor i fremtiden? Denne artikel leverer et øjebliksbillede af den aktuelle situation, vurderer betydningen af en række aktuelle forandringer og udforsker konsekvenserne for vores fremtidige læsevaner.
Den digitale litterære kultur og bibliotekerne Stram forretningsmodel eller litterær udfordring? En diskussion ud fra to aktuelle bogformater
Authors: Pold Søren Bro
Published: February 2019

E-bogen er blevet forsøgt lanceret flere gange i løbet af de sidste årtier og bogens død er ofte forudsagt. Uanset om bogen er døende, er litteraturens medier i opbrud, og derfor er der behov for en litteraturforståelse, som kan diskutere litteraturen som kunstform på tværs af medier og platforme. Her er der mulighed for at hente inspiration fra den digitale litteratur. Denne artikel tager udgangspunkt i analyser af to elektroniske bogformater og diskuterer, hvordan de lægger op til forskellige digitale litterære kulturer, hvilket har betydning for bl.a. bibliotekernes fremtid. Amazons Kindle lægger op til en form for ”kontrolleret forbrug”, mens Påvirket som kun et menneske kan være bruger det digitale til at understøtte læseoplevelsens intensitet. Bibliotekerne har som litteraturhuse interesse i en åben digital litteratur, der ikke kun er designet ud fra e-bogens forretningsmodel.
Svensk litteraturpolitik i förändring Debatterna om förlaget En bok för alla 1992 och 2007
Authors: Lindsköld Linnéa
Published: February 2019

Denna komparativa studie av debatterna om förlagetEn bok för alla 1992 och 2007 granskar förändringi svensk litteraturpolitik under de senaste 20 åren.Förlaget startades 1976 och fick statligt bidrag föratt ge ut kvalitetslitteratur till lågt pris, vid två tillfällenhotades bidragen att dras in och debatter bröt ut.Med diskursanalytisk metod undersöks hur debattörernaformulerar sig om förlaget och hur litteraturpolitikenbeskrivs. Resultatet visar att det råddeen hegemoni i debatten 1992, år 2007 är den uppluckradoch det råder en kamp om att få definieranyckelbegrepp som läsfrämjande och kommersiell.År 2007 märks det en konflikt mellan värdeargumentdär kvalitativ skönlitteratur alltid bör stödjas ochmarknadsekonomiska värdeargument där marknadenses som kapabel att uppfylla delar av litteraturpolitikenutan statens inblandning. Detta kan tolkassom att det pågår en teknokratisering av den svenskalitteraturpolitiken.
Readers´ Reactions to Emotionally Evocative and Morally Provocative Fiction A Study of Young Adults’ Readings of Two Short Stories
Authors: Nilsson Skans Kersti
Published: February 2019

Denna receptionsstudie behandlar unga vuxnas reaktioner på emotionellt laddad och moraliskt provocerande fiktion. Unga vuxna befinner sig i den period då personligheten formeras och omvärlden integreras. Vad händer med den personlighetsutvecklande läsning som förknippats med skönlitteratur i dagens internetsamhälle? I ett pågående forskningsprojekt kommer dessa frågor att studeras på empirisk väg. Här redovisas en explorativ studie baserad på grundad teori, som visar att flertalet lä- ser med sig själva i fokus. Exempel på subjektiva lässtrategier funna är existentiell, interaktiv och kreativ läsning.
Når menn leser
Authors: Smidt Jofrid Karner
Published: February 2019

Er litteraturlesing koblet til kjønn i mannlige leseres bevissthet? Er boklesing generelt, og skjønnlitteraturlesing spesielt, i ferd med å bli betraktet som et kvinnelig aktivitetsområde? Kulturstatistikken inviterer til slike spørsmål. Studien som denne artikkelen omhandler undersøker menns leserkarrierer og holdninger til litteratur. Åtte voksne litteraturinteresserte menn med ulike yrker, alle bosatt i Oslo, intervjues om sin utvikling som lesere. Karakteristisk for disse litteraturinteresserte mennene er at de enten ikke har møtt begrensende negative føringer mellom litteraturlesing og kjønn, eller at de har opplevd slike føringer som svake og lette å overskride. Et interessant funn er litteraturens svake sosiale og symbolske funksjon i voksen alder. Boklesing oppfattes som et privat frihetsrom. Dersom det viser seg at dette er en utbredt holdning blant lesende menn, kan det bety at de går glipp av en sosial stimulans som er vesentlig for kvinners litteraturinteresse.
BEST PRACTICE: Kulturel dannelse som socialt projekt
Authors: Poulsen Helle Wind
Published: February 2019

I en verden fuld af nybrydende eksperimenterende litteratur og en mangefacetteret og levende formidling af mest nyt og mindre gammelt, overser vi ofte en af de enkle former for litterær formidling: den fortælling, der fortælles af ét menneske til et andet. Den mundtlige overlevering af myter, familiesagaer og muntre fortællinger har været brugt i de fleste kulturer til alle tider, og mange steder er det stadig den primære formidling af verdens sammenhæng. Fort- ællingerne er ikke nødvendigvis nye, men fortælles igen og igen; de har begyndelse, midte og slutning; moraler og dilemmaer; helte, skurke og grinagtige figurer.
Summaries
Authors: Høyrup Helene
Published: February 2019

In English