bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Iot in Cad 4.0 with Augmented Reality Glass
Authors: Nigal Ashik P.A , Suseendhar P , Manoj N , Subashchandrabose P
Published: October 2020

This product absorbs the power of our smart phone to endow with the augmented reality (AR) experience. The sensor data fusion and camera allow the software to accurately recognize and trail the surroundings. Radial target image can be easily identified and trailed with the help of our smartphone, thereby creating a link between the holographic image and the target image is possible. This software allows us for the viewing of our own 3D CAD models in augmented reality. The software makes it achievable to sight any CAD models in accurate three dimensions (3D), to size, and in the real context of our own situation. Through mirror, lightweight stereoscopic lenses, and combiner glass, stereo image can be focussed on display before our eyes. As a result, virtual 3D holographic image is generated, which can be viewed from any angle.
Static analysis of different spoke structure of airless and conventional tyre
Authors: Prabhuram T. , Sundaram S. C. Meenakshi , Jegadeeswer S. , Kannan V. Sathish
Published: October 2020

An airless tyre is known as non-pneumatic tyres which are not advocated by air pressure. The major issues related to pneumatic tyre are puncture and flatness due to wear and tear, which lead to the development of airless tyres. The aim of this work is to conduct static analysis of airless tyre, considering various 3D printing materials with different spoke structures. The spoke structures like honeycomb, triangular and diamond and the 3D printing materials such as Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene + Polycarbonate (ABS+PC), Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) and High Impact Polystyrene (HIPS) are considered for modelling of airless tyre. For conventional tyre, Neoprene rubber is considered. The static analysis is conducted using ANSYS workbench 19.2, and the total deformation, equivalent elastic strain, equivalent von-mises stress and strain energy are compared and evaluated for conventional and airless tyre.
Pressure Vessel Design by Design by Analysis Route
Authors: Karthikeyan K M B , Balasubramanian T , Bruce A Ruskin , Premkumar P
Published: October 2020

Pressure vessels are conventionally designed based on the Design by Rule (DBR) approach. Standard vessel geometries are designed using simple formulae and charts, formulated as standards and codes based on the rules proposed in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code and the European Standard prEN13445-3. The stress categorization problem faced employing DBR methodology was overcome by employing Limit Load Analysis using the DBA approach. A simple unfired vertical cylindrical pressure vessel with torispherical pressure head and Y-forged skirt support was analyzed for its structural integrity using ANSYS software. The results obtained for two different materials, high strength steel P500-QT and the conventional low strength steel P355 employing DBA approach was compared with the calculated results using the DBR approach. The maximum allowable pressure (PMAX) for P500-QT material was found to be 2.5X the maximum pressure calculated using the DBR approach as per ASME codes and 3X times as per EN13445-3 standard. For P355 material the maximum allowable pressure (PMAX) was found to be 2.32X the maximum pressure calculated using the DBR approach as per ASME codes and 2.6X times as per EN13445-3. The DBR methodology proves to be highly conservative whereas the use of DBA leads to less conservative design parameters.
Theoretical Investigation of Friction Welding on Magnesium and Aluminium Alloy
Authors: Kumar R. Praveen , Rajavel R. , Navaneethakrishnan G.
Published: October 2020

In this study, the weld ability of Aluminium Alloys 5083, 6061, 7075 and Magnesium AZ31 was investigated using Friction Welding. Magnesium AZ31 is the base alloy used and other Aluminium alloys were welded with Magnesium Alloy. These Alloys are welded by changing the parameters. Parameters which were used are speed of the spindle, pressure applied during friction, time for which the materials are kept under friction time, Forging Pressure and Forging time. Once the materials are welded by the process of friction welding the weld specimen joints are examined for its changes in its microstructure by the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). In order to evaluate the welded specimens mechanical properties the tests such as tensile test and micro hardness tests are carried out. It is found that a specific strength by friction welding method is achieved by aa combination of Magnesium alloy AZ31 along with Alumunium alloys such as 5083, 6061, 7075 by the experimental results.
3D Printing of Poly Lactic Acid Bone scaffold combined with Poly Ethylene Glycol for tissue engineering applications
Authors: Dinesh Kumar S , Yogesh P
Published: October 2020

Additive Manufacturing (AM) is a new trend in manufacturing in which computer aided design (CAD) 3D model file is used to make a solid physical model of the designed part. Fused deposition modelling (FDM) a technique in additive manufacturing has revolutionized engineering in various applications. One of the significant impacts of this technology is on the medical industries. The most substantial reason is because of this technology’s facility to convert 3D medical imaging data into solid objects. The productional cost of an implant and other instruments reduced because of the ease of this technology which significantly reduced the cost charged from the patients. Polylactic acid (PLA) is conceivably one of the best-known polymers shaped from renewable raw materials such as sugar cane and corn starch. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is an FDA approved low toxicity material which is in re water-soluble liquid state or waxy solid-state. It is used in preparations of cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. Most of the emulsifying or wetting agents and lubricants are manufactured using PEG. Also, PEGs are suitable plasticizers owing to their low glass transition temperature. PLA/PEG has a hopeful probable for large-scale manufacture of green composites towards various applications in biomedical fields. In this research work, PEG reinforced polylactic acid composite were produced in 2, 5 and 10 wt. % PEG content by a single-screw extruder in filament form. The results obtained during the experiment indicated that PEG concentration enhances the processing of PLA, but changes in various features like relevant surface, geometry ad structure were observed. The addition of PEG in PLA had significantly changed the rate of degradation of the FDM fabricated scaffolds.
Investigation on Pineapple and Pirambu Natural Fibres Reinforced with Polyester Hybrid Composite
Authors: Daniel Lawrence I , Parameswara Raja G , Anbarasan A , Gnanaraj J
Published: October 2020

Composite materials have gained their presence in several industrial sectors. New materials, advanced material treatments and manufacturing methods have been introduced in research and developments today. Experimentation in composite materials has changed the people to come up with new innovations and alternative ideas in day today applications. This work focuses on obtaining the mechanical characterization and morphological study on composite materials which are prepared by compression moulding. The prefabrication tests were conducted to know the specific nature of each fibre material by conducting single fibre and FTIR test. This experimental measurement was observed the better mechanical properties from Tensile, Flexural and Impact test with the specimens of the prepared composite lamina of composite. The morphological study in fractured specimens was observed by using Scanning Electron Microscope and Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis. This research work were represented the mechanical characteristics and morphological behaviour of pirambu pineapple hybrid polyester composite and also will help us for implementation of new manufacturing applications with composite materials.
Influence of eggshell particles on mechanical and water absorption properties of hemp-glass fibres reinforced hybrid composites
Authors: Bhoopathi R , Ramesh M
Published: October 2020

The objective of this work is to analyze the mechanical strengths and water absorption characteristics of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treated hemp natural fibre (HNF) and eggshell particles (ESP) reinforced polymer composites. The composites were fabricated with and without ESP (0%, 7%, 14% and 21%) by hand-lay process and the tensile, shear, flexural and impact strengths and water absorption characteristics of samples were analyzed. The HNF with 0% ESP composites exhibits the superior tensile strength of 80.46 MPa and holds the maximum shear strength of 1.48 KN, followed by 14% of ESP composites withstands the bending load of 0.19 KN. The samples contains 21% of ESP absorb the high impact energy of 10 joules. The morphological characteristics were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis.
A Review on Polymer Impregnated Concrete with Steel Fibre
Authors: Teja S. Indra , Ramesh kumar G.B.
Published: October 2020

Work of steel strands has been taken out from the waste tires in fibre generation fortified fresh cement is another test in diminishing the effect of unused components on earth. These research plans to evaluate impact of RSF on compacting strength as well as reduction conduct of SCC by remembering various strands length for expansion to utilize different contexts. Six blends of reused steel filaments fresh cementwas created. Control blend, single RSF length content blends as well as mixed substance blends (substitution of small filaments by large strands at substance of 20%, 40% as well as 90%) has been done. Complete RSF context is placed steady at 45 kg/m3. Outcomes tells that expansion ofRSF influences reduction of SCC blendsespecially following 23 days. Expansion of RSF defers breaking time not with Standing decrease width of splits.
Development of basalt based nanoparticles reinforced composites
Authors: Saravanan S , Parkunam N , Navaneethakrishnan G , Karthikeyan K , Jaya Suthahar S T
Published: October 2020

Epoxy resin is used in a various fields, from transport to automotive industrial components due to their outstanding mechanical and chemical indisposition properties, the formulation is very easy and their cost also very low. Basalt fiber is very popular because of its ease in manufacturing and having good mechanical properties. To ensure the proper dispersion, the epoxy filled filler mixed with the hardener using a mechanical stirrer. The composites properties such as density, tensile, compressive, impact strength, hardness and wear rate required dimensions as per the ASTM standards. The wear rates are decreased with increased in TiC weight percentage in basalt fiber, because of high hardness. The values of wear rates are started from 2.179 to 1.337 m3/Nm.
Analysis of Green Fuel for Diesel Engine
Authors: Senthur N S , Imamulhasan H , RamGanesh H , Shafquath ibn sulthan S
Published: October 2020

We are One of the inconsumable oils that could be used to produce green fuel is Tamanu oil. It is derived from Tamanu green plant seeds. This research describes about the features, analysis that have been performed by an empirical study on using Tamanu oil as a raw material to generate green fuel in diesel engine. The green fuel Tamanu Methyl Ester Tamanu100 and its blends Tamanu30 and Tamanu60 are used in engine to test the efficiency of the fuel. The characteristics of the engine that are impacted such as brake thermal efficiency, brake specific energy consumption, unburned hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, and release of NOX have been measured using Tamanu100 green fuel and the output of the tests have been contrasted with conventional fuel. It is noted that the green fuel resulted in trivial reduction in brake thermal efficiency. Release of hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide has lessened on using green fuel with substantial release of oxides of nitrogen. Also, the ignition characteristics such as cylinder gas pressure, ignition delay period have been detailed. The output from the experiments has been contrasted with conventional diesel fuel by applying various load conditions.
Experimental Investigation of Eco-Friendly and Energy Efficient Auto and Allo Thermal Charcoal Kiln
Authors: Muninathan K. , Venkataramanan M. , Prabhu G. Ashwin , Vikneshpriya K. , Daarthi C.
Published: October 2020

Like many countries in India, Charcoal production is the primary employment for rural masses in most of South Tamilnadu. It is a foremost source of income and environmental degradation in rural regions. The yield and transport of charcoal are a precarious process with energy and economic cycle. This process emits greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. It frequently made in traditional charcoal method that are harmful to the environment. It requires efficient man power for completing the process. The quality and yield for the conventional method is very low because of prolonged time. This method is mostly practised in rural areas. People over there will be more concern about quantity not the quality. So this reduces the yield of the charcoal. In this eco-friendly concept time consumption is reduced and hence yield will be more than the conventional method. In this paper, the indirect heating kiln has been tested with prosopis juliflora wood and the results were the lowest ash content of less than 2% and fixed carbon content of greater than 75%. The temperature was in range of 400-600° C inside the kiln which helps to understand the process of pyrolysis reactions.
Investigation on Performance and Emission of Pongamia Biodiesel Using Diethyl Ether and Zinc Oxide as Additive in Diesel Engine
Authors: Rajesh K , Devan P K , Lokesh B , Rajesh Kumar K , Vignesh R , Yogesh Kumar R
Published: October 2020

Biodiesel is one of the better replacement for diesel fuel because of the depleting fuel resources. The cost of the biodiesel compared to diesel is major setback in commercialization. As mass production is encouraged the cost involved in production will reduce and may available at the cost less than diesel. Biodiesel is one of the promising source of fuel which stands as one of the better alternative diesel fuel. This study represents the production of biodiesel by using esterification and transesterification of pongamia oil which is obtained from pongamia pinnata. Diethyl ether and zinc oxide used as additive to enhance cetane number, properties of biodiesel. The DI diesel engine is tested for its Performance and emission characteristics using pure biodiesel, biodiesel with 5%DEE biodiesel with 50ppm of zinc oxide, diesel on four stroke direct injection diesel engine were studied. And found that biodiesel with 5%DEE gives better result than biodiesel. Biodiesel with added additives gives 5% higher brake thermal efficiency than diesel at full load condition, hydrocarbon emission less than 10%, carbon monoxide emission 40.35% less than B100, NOx is 0.7%, hydrocarbon 11.36% were lower than biodiesel. Thus, pongamia biodiesel with 5%diethyl ether can be used as one of the alternative source of energy for diesel.
Modeling of the electromagnetic and elastic properties of composite materials
Authors: Dimitrienko Yu I , Zubarev K M , Yurin Yu V , Yakovlev V I
Published: October 2020

In this paper, we consider the solution of the problem of the theory of piezoelectricity. The effective elastic, piezoelectric, and dielectric characteristics are calculated for a two-layer composite with a volume concentration of layers of 50%. The corresponding characteristics are calculated for a two-layer material with an orthogonal-reinforced structure. For the numerical solution of the problem, the conjugate gradient method for solving systems of algebraic equations was used. The results were visualized using a software package developed at Bauman Moscow state technical University. The paper presents the distribution of the stress field σij and the vector

d
¯

i

in problems Lr
and Lpq
.
Mechanics of orthotropic plates with honeycomb filler
Authors: Berezin A V , Lyubchenko M A , Gadolina I V
Published: October 2020

Materials with a honeycomb structure have a cellular geometry, which reduces the amount of material used to achieve mass perfection of the finished structure. Due to the widespread application of honeycomp composite materials (structures), the need for developing the design methods exists. It is especially important to have design methods to guarantee the longevity and reliability of the elements of aviation structures during the exploitation. The peculiarities of operation such complicated elements as honey comb require consideration of existing of tough and soft layers, which work differently. The equations of motion of the three-layer plate with honeycomp filling are given. Some important issues of investigation based on this equation are described. In the paper, the questions of destructive and non-destructive diagnostics of composite constructions are discussed.
Analysis of 3D-reinforced composite annular plate subjected to concentrated forces
Authors: Sarbayev B S , Bregvadze D T
Published: October 2020

This paper is dedicated to the solution of the problem about 3D-reinforced composite annular plate compressed by concentrated forces. 3D-reinforced composite materials, including high-temperature composites, are widely used in modern space industry, while their properties are insufficiently studied. Analytical solution of considered problem about annular plate compression will be a foundation for a method of determination of anisotropic composite materials stress-strain properties needed when conducting structural analysis: elastic and shear moduli, and Poisson’s ratio. Transverse shear deformations and changes in annular plate metrics during deformation are taken into account in the process of finding analytical solution of the problem. The analytical solution of the problem about annular plate compression was obtained by the authors. This solution is used to find relations between required properties of annular plate and radial displacements of annular plate characteristic points.
Carbon nanofillers in polypropylene: in situ synthesis and properties
Authors: Palaznik O M , Nedorezova P M , Shevchenco V G
Published: October 2020

Composites of polypropylene and different carbon nanofillers (graphene nanoplatelets and carbon nanotubes) were prepared by in situ polymerization using a homogeneous isospecific metallocene catalyst rac-Me2Si(2-Me-4-PhInd)2ZrCl2 activated by methylaluminoxane. The electrophysical, mechanical, thermophysical properties of the composites have been investigated. Even small amounts of carbon nanofillers significantly improve the mechanical and thermophysical characteristics of composites. The use of carbon nanofillers makes it possible to prepare composites with controlled electrophysical characteristics.
Matrix curing in the workpieces made of polymer composites using microwave radiation
Authors: Prosuntsov P V , Reznik S V , Gareev A R , Polsky P V
Published: October 2020

The physical and mathematical models of curing of polymer matrix composite under microwave radiation are presented. The models describe the processes of the electromagnetic radiation propagation in the volume of the operating area, volumetric heat generation due to the electromagnetic energy absorption and the exothermic curing of the matrix as well as conductive heat transfer in the workpiece and radiation heat transfer between non-uniformly heated surfaces of the workpiece and the walls of the operating area. The modeling of the curing in thick-walled and thin-walled cylindrical workpieces is performed. The challenges of processing of thin-walled parts are presented.
Innovative processes of production functional gradient layered compositions with enhanced tribological properties
Authors: Mikheev R S
Published: October 2020

Arc surfacing processes are proposed as innovative methods for the synthesis of functionally gradient layered compositions. Existing composite filler materials based on aluminum and tin have been investigated. The schemes and technological parameters of arc welding allowing to produce the coatings having a composite structure with a given reinforcement ratio, satisfactory reinforcements distribution, and enhanced tribotechnical properties have been shown.
Simulation and Optimization of a CFRP and a GFRP floating pontoon
Authors: Lotfy M N , Fathallah E , Khalifa Y A , Dessouki A K
Published: October 2020

According to the unique mechanical properties of composite materials, the replacement of the conventional materials like steel with composite materials is increasing in all fields. The low weight / capacity characteristics of composite materials make it possible to accommodate much more loads. Because of the great importance of the floating bridges for both military and civilian purposes especially in crises, the evolution of floating bridges is necessary. The traditional transportation steel ferry is composed of floating steel pontoons to accommodate the MLC-70 (Tank load) of weight equals (63.5 t). In this study, the steel floating pontoon is replaced with composite pontoon simulated for both carbon fibres polymers and glass fibres polymers with the laminate configuration

[

∝
1
∘

/

∝
2
∘

/

∝
3
∘

/
…
.
/

∝
n
∘

]

. The finite element analysis is performed using ANSYS software. The capacity of the ferry is increased to reach (90 t) instead of (70 t). The total deformation is determined under the applied load. The failure criteria is investigated for both composite models (Tsai-Wu, Tsai-Hill, maximum stress and maximum strain). The nonlinear buckling analysis is also, investigated. The optimization process is designed and performed to get the optimum number of layers and angles orientation of the composite layers as well as possible.
Research of change of mechanical properties of the ionic-alloyed samples in the corrosion environment
Authors: Giniyatullin R R , Yakupov N M
Published: October 2020

Currently, it is becoming urgent to create composites from various materials using their strengths to obtain the desired properties. The method of modification of the surface layer of a structural element using ion alloying is one the most promising. This method is used for obtaining corrosion-resistant composites. In this article we can find the results of an experimental-theoretical study of the mechanical properties of thin-walled structural elements whose surface is alloyed with carbon ions. It is used to reduce the corrosive deterioration.
Solution of experimental tasks in the study of physics
Authors: Nurkasymova S N , Nurgaliyeva U S , Zhanys A B , Baigizova A S , Bayegizova A S
Published: October 2020

The solution of experimental problems has features that reveal wide opportunities for the development of students’ creative abilities in the learning process. The task of developing the creative abilities of students is an integral part of the problem of developing their thinking. All problems are solved with the help of an expert. An experiment is a set of sciences about the laws and forms of thinking, about the mathematical-logical laws of calculus, about the most general laws of thinking. Experimental apparatus allows you to build the necessary judgment or inference, to highlight a certain concept with its essential features.
Methods of teaching computer science in the system pedagogical knowledge
Authors: Nadyrova F K , Zhanys A B , Mubarakov A M
Published: October 2020

Modernization of education began to wear a permanent, permanent character in the modern world, since the dynamics of changes in the needs of individuals, society and the state for education is steadily growing. For quite a long time, the main subject of the modernization of school education was its content. However, in recent years, it has become increasingly clear that the center of gravity of the renewal and development of education should be shifted towards methods, innovative forms and means of education. The system-activity approach as a methodology for constructing state standards of general education closely links educational results with certain types of schoolchildren’s learning activities. It is clear that the use of new types of educational activities will force to look for new innovative forms of their implementation. The subject of the methodology of teaching informatics and a place in the vocational training system for an informatics teacherComputer science as a science and a subject in school. The connection of teaching methods of computer science with pedagogy, psychology and computer science. Methodical system of teaching computer science in a secondary school. General characteristics of its main components (goals, content of training, methods, forms and means of training).
Overview of 4G, 5G radio spectrum spectrum in the world and Kazakhstan
Authors: Tolegenova A S , Zhanys A B , Nurkasymova S N , Soboleva L A
Published: October 2020

Annotation

Mobile operators support data transfer on 2G (GRPS, EDGE), 3G (EV-DO, HSPA) networks. In some regions, data services are provided on WiMax networks. In 2012 ALTEL launched 4GLTE data distribution network. GSM standard in Kazakhstan has started to decline in mobile communication revenue since its first launch in 2013. By the end of 2015, they totaled 19% to 249 bln. tenge. In February 2016, income from voice communications was less than the revenue from Internet access services. Mobile communication in Kazakhstan is carried out in GSM (900, 1800) and UMTS (900, 2100) formats. In 2012 the mobile accessibility index was 120%. Mobile accessibility in Kazakhstan in 2015 will increase by 185%, to 31 mln. SIM card is already registered. More than 35% of these SIM cards (11 million) are Internet access. GSM and UMTS mobile operators are: Kcell and Activ trademarks are owned by Kcell (GSM Kazakhstan OJSC JSC Kazakhtelecom OJSC until 2012) (controlling interest is owned by TeliaSonera, acquired by Kazakhtelecom JSC,% Scandinavian-Turkish holding of FinTur 47); Altel JSC (owned by Kazakhtelecom JSC), ALTEL 4G GSM + LTE (the share of the company in the mobile market is 3.6% (December 2012). Altel JSC - First national mobile operator of the Republic of Kazakhstan [1]. “Kar-Tel” LLP (subsidiary of Russian holding Vympel-Communications) and “Beeline Business” (previously K-Mobile)); Mobile Telecom-Service LLP (former Neo) with Tele2 trademark. Kcell (KCEL) is a mobile operator GSM900, GSM1800, UMTS / WCDMA (2100 MHz), LTE / 4G, LTE Advanced (700/800 MHz and 1700/1800 MHz). “Activ” and “Kcell” brands. In 2018, KazakhTlecom acquired the shares.
Research of physical and mechanical properties of reinforced carbon fiber plastics based on tfp-preforms
Authors: Orlov M A , Polikarpova I A , Solodilov V I
Published: October 2020

The article provides for studies of physical and mechanical properties of samples of carbon fiber reinforced plastics on the basis of tfp-preforms produced using various stitching technological parameters. The effect of the carbon fiber laying density and the piercing step of the aramid yarn on the strength properties of composites is shown. Optimal technological parameters of the creation of tfp-preforms were chosen.
Classifications of schematic solutions of the geokhod knife operating body and the interaction surface of the geokhod operating body with bottom rock
Authors: Aksenov V V , Efremenkov A B , Yu Sadovets V , Pashkov D A , Efremenkov V A
Published: October 2020

When developing geokhods, it is necessary to take into account the helical movement of the machine in the rock mass. In this regard, the substantiation of the technical and structural elements of the geokhod is relevant. The purpose of the work is to classify the schematic solutions of the geokhod knife operating body and the surface of interaction of the geokhod operating body with the bottom rock. As a result, schematic solutions were developed for the knife operating body of the geokhod and the surface of interaction of the geokhod operating body with the bottom rock, their classification is proposed.
Development of a methodology for modeling complex shaped geokhod operating body in SolidWorks
Authors: Aksenov V V , Efremenkov A B , Yu Sadovets V , Pashkov D A , Sadovets R V , Rezanova E V , Efremenkov V A
Published: October 2020

Modeling complex, curved surfaces of manufactured parts is an elaborate design task. The article discusses the development of a methodology for modeling a knife with a complex helicoid surface and a geokhod knife operating body in SolidWorks. The development of the modeling methodology presented in the article allows making constructive solutions not only for the knife-type operating body of any size, but for other types of geokhod operating bodies. In addition, the solid model of the operating body knife allows assessing the stress-strain state of the operating body elements.
Research areas of the scientific specialty “Geodynamics of underground machines”
Authors: Aksenov V V , Magazov S V , Khoreshok A A , Efremenkov A B , Yu Beglyakov V , Yu Sadovets V , Pashkov D A
Published: October 2020

At all stages of creating experimental models and prototypes of a new class of underground machines “Geokhod”, developers faced problems. At the design stage the problem was the lack of methods for determining the parameters of the main elements and systems of underground machines that interact with the geo-environment during their movement. At the production stage, they faced the problem of the lack of a methodology to ensure the accuracy and man-ufacturability of specific systems of underground machines. In addition, the problem of scientific and methodological “deficit” was present at the test stage. The development of systems of a new class of underground machines is constrained by the lack of special scientific and methodological support. When creating a new class of underground devices moving in the bowels of the Earth and using the geo-environment, there is an urgent need to study the effects of the geo-environ-ment on bodies moving in the geo-environment. In the aircraft industry there is a fundamental science that studies the forces arising on the surface of a solid body moving in the air - aerodynamics of aircrafts. Thus, by analogy with aircraft construction, studies of the effects of the geo-environment on bodies moving in the geo-environment should be assigned to a new scientific direction and the scientific specialty “Geodynamics of underground machines”. The article proposes a draft passport of the specialty and a field of research in the new direction “Geodynamics of underground machines”. This scientific direction is one of the basic elements of an emerging advanced technological structure for the development of the underground space, based on new approaches in construction geotechnology and geotechnics.
Mathematical modelling of the process of crest formation by the working body of the cultivator – dump type
Authors: Algazin D N , Kem A A , Shevchenko A P , Begunov M A , Koval V S
Published: October 2020

The results of theoretical studies of the cultivator - dump type ridger are presented. The analysis of the forces acting on the working body is carried out. An expression is obtained for determining the second consumption of soil mass transported by a working body. The rational parameters of the working body are determined.
Zirconia crystals for tribotechnical applications doped by rare earth elements
Authors: Alisin V V
Published: October 2020

The article discusses the impact of rare-earth microadditives on the mechanical properties of nanostructured zirconia crystals stabilized with yttrium oxide as applied to the friction units of devices. The mechanical properties of the surface layers were studied by the nondestructive method of kinetic microindentation. Compressive strength was determined by the standard destructive compression test method. Comparative tribological tests were carried out with dry sliding friction of the test samples on steel according to the disk-finger scheme. The effect of the ionic radius of the alloying element on the compressive strength is investigated. It was established that the doping of zirconia crystals is ambiguous, because it can improve and worsen the tribological properties of crystals. On the basis of the study, a comparison is made of the mechanical properties of crystals and ceramics used in the supports of the axis of precision instruments and areas that are promising for the use of zirconia crystals in instrumentation are identified.
Mechanics of inspection robot traveling over the electrical line with constant velocity
Authors: Bahrami M R
Published: October 2020

This article aims to the construction of mathematical models for a situation in which the electrical line stretched and supported by two isolators, one horizontal and the other vertical and robot inspector moves with a constant speed on it. The expansion theorem is used to construct the equation of motion of the system and has been solved by two methods: expansion method and Galerkin method. As a result of even constant speed of motion of robot inspector along the electrical line, vibrations have been observed. These vibrations can cause damage to the line or the robot structure as well. Then, the effect of the resistance force, wind force, has been studied. As shown in results, resistance force acts as a damper to the system and causes a decrease in the amplitude of vibrations. The practical results are useful for engineers to select proper parameters and speed for designing and constructing the robot inspectors.
Deformation-force effects of shape memory of TiNi alloys under conditions of incomplete martensitic transformation
Authors: Belyakov V N
Published: October 2020

The article is devoted to studying the influence of preliminary and plastic processing, applied stress, degree of phase transformation on the deformation effects manifested in conditions of incomplete martensitic transformation. The laws of generation and relaxation of reactive stresses were studied depending on the stiffness of the reaction, the magnitude of the preliminary deformation and the selected interval of heat changes. It is shown that the accumulation and return of deformation, the effect of generation and relaxation of reactive stresses in a narrow temperature range occurs only in structurally inhomogeneous objects, determined with the statistical spread of characteristic temperatures.
Simulating the pyrolysis process of sludge-lignin with the production of active carbons
Authors: Bogdanovich N I , Vorontsov K B , Labudin B C , Varenik K A
Published: October 2020

Using the method of the planned experiment, mathematical models that establish a relationship between the technological parameters of the pyrolysis process of sludge-lignin with the characteristics of a porous surface of the synthesized active carbons are obtained. The nature of the influence of temperature and duration of the pyrolysis, the dosage of activating agent on the yield of carbon, the volume and specific surface of the pores are determined. The optimal conditions for obtaining adsorbents from sludge-lignin are established; the specific BET surface area was about 2000 m2/g.
The effect of coagulation on the processes of growth and changes in the numerical concentration of carbon dioxide crystals
Authors: Danilov M M , Opicina O S , Arendatelev I G , Zawadzki I M
Published: October 2020

The process of phase transition to the solid state of carbon dioxide vapors contained in an expanding gas mixture stream consists of the formation of crystallization centers and subsequent growth of the crystals formed, due to an increase in the degree of supercooling of the stream. Crystals nucleate in certain sections of the flow part of the expanders and grow as they move in the flow. Therefore, crystals of carbon dioxide of various sizes can be found in each of certain sections. As a result of their interaction, coagulation, expressed as the adhesion of smaller crystals to larger ones, can occur. The influence of the coagulation process on the change in the number of smaller crystals and on the growth of larger ones is considered. Equations are given on the basis of which the calculations of the studied processes are made.
Mathematical modeling of seed dissemination with a colter drill across the planting acreage
Authors: Evchenko A V , Shevchenko A P , Begunov M A , Koval V S , Algazin D N
Published: October 2020

The article is devoted to the development of a mathematical model of seed dissemination process with a colter drill equipped with a discharge channel across the feeding area. This mathematical model makes it possible to determine the optimal technological and constructive parameters of the colter drill of the planter.
Physical and chemical cleaning of the surface of power metal optics for the purpose of increase in beam firmness
Authors: Filin S , Rogalin V , Kaplunov I , Satayev M
Published: October 2020

Features of the choice of solvents for the physical and chemical cleaning of power optical elements in accordance with the parametric solubility theory were investigated. When cleaning the surface from the model contaminant with halogenated hydrocarbons, visually observed white film of alkali and alkaline earth metal salts that are not soluble by this class of solvents and iridescent bands from the interaction of hydrocarbons with the metal remain on the surface. All this greatly impairs the optical properties of the surface. It was shown that, when using solvents, it is necessary to inhibit the interaction of halogenated hydrocarbons with mirrors by stabilizing solvents or by selecting the regimes for carrying out the physicochemical purification process, or by thereof combination.
Magnetoelectric and magnetostriction characteristics of symmetric three layered structures of nickel - lead zirconate titanate – nickel and permendure – lead zirconate titanate – permendure
Authors: Filippov D A , Laletsin V M , Poddubnaya N N , Galichyan A , Zhang Jitao , Srinivasan Gopalan
Published: October 2020

The magnetoelectric and magnetostriction characteristics of the symmetric three-layered structures are presented. The composite structures were formed like sandwich structures with a piezoelectric layer between two identical magnetostrictive layers using epoxy adhesive. An analytical expression for magnetoelectric voltage coefficient in terms of parameters for magnetostrictive and piezoelectric subsystems is presented. On the basis of this expression determination of magnetostriction characteristics via magnetoelectric response was offered. This procedure was tested for these three layered structures using the field dependences of the magnetoelectric response. The magnetostrictive characteristics obtained are in good agreement with results, obtained by other methods.
Use of antivibration gloves when working with a petrol brushcutter Husqvarna 525RX
Authors: Khlopkov E A , Smirnov V V , Bulateckii M V , Vyunenko Y N
Published: October 2020

With the onset of the season in large cities, extensive work begins on green spaces care. The article demonstrates the effect of using antivibration gloves on the level of acoustic impact on the of the Husqvarna 525RX brushcutter operator hands when mowing the lawn. The indicators are measured using the SVAN 948 vibration and sound velocity analyzer.
Features of microrelief formation during laser treatment of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy surface for diffusion welding
Authors: Khomich Yu , Malinskiy T , Rogalin V , Kaplunov I , Ivanova A
Published: October 2020

The effect of UV laser pulses of nanosecond duration on surface of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy samples was investigated. Noticeable changes in the morphology of the surface layer after irradiation were found at pre-threshold values of the energy density of ∼ 0.2 – 0.8 J/cm2. Changes are traces of thermoplastic deformation resulting from influence of a concentrated energy flow and appears in irregular elevation of the irradiated surface area of the sample by up to 1 μm and in some cases – more. A developed metal surface, deformation of the crystal structure of the surface layer can support the diffusion process during diffusion welding. For energy densities of the order of 1 J/cm2 or more, optical breakdown with the formation of a crater on the metal surface occurred. The mechanical impulse of a laser plasma when exposed to a metal surface prevents the thermomechanical expansion of the material, and the effect of raising the surface of the samples was not observed.
Using waste heat for heat supply and greating a single steam network with power generation due to pressure differences
Authors: Kondurov E P , Kruglikov P A , Shvetsov I V , Zhelnov D V
Published: October 2020

In modern economical conditions external heat suppliers often become quite expensive for a consumer enterprise due to their monopoly, so the task of reducing the amount of heat received from them to the minimum, and of using one’s own capabilities to the maximumarises. In this article, using a particular example, the authors considered certain technical characteristics of using waste process heat at the enterprise while transferring the enterprise’s heat supply system to its own heat sources, as well as creation of a single steam network with electricity production due to pressure differences.
Physical and chemical processes in the contact zone when processing metals with a blade tool
Authors: Latyshev V N , Naumov A G , Shvetsov I V
Published: October 2020

The article considers the theory of radical-chain mechanism of formation of lubricant films on tribos-connected metal surfaces when cutting metals. It is shown that chemically active particles formed by the destruction of molecules of lubricant and cooling technological means (LCTM) in the contact zone play a decisive role in the synthesis of lubricants. Mechanisms of formation of chemically active atoms, radicals and ions and factors influencing these processes are presented. It has been established that the main of them can include the temperatures that occur in the contact zone, exoelectrons issued by freshly opened metal surfaces, as well as the catalytic effect of the juvenile surfaces themselves. On this basis, various methods of pre-activation of LCTM are proposed in order to obtain the required quantity and type of chemically active particles.
Analysis of methods for calculating intra-channel boiling heat transfer in refrigerants
Authors: Malyshev A A , Malinina O S , Kouadio K F , Shvetsov I V
Published: October 2020

The paper analyzes and compares methods for calculating heat transfer during boiling of refrigerants in horizontal pipes, as well as works devoted to the study of two-phase flows in minichannels.

The main provisions of the comprehensive analysis method based on true phase parameters were formulated.

It was found that for all the values of the mass velocity, there is a significant discrepancy in the calculated data, while the method based on the comprehensive analysis provides the best agreement with the experiment.

The comprehensive method was tested in relation to the analysis of heat-hydrodynamic processes at boiling in minichannels.

Comparison of the calculation results using the method based on true phase parameters with the experimental data showed a good agreement.
Assessment results of the dependence of the processed surface quality on the applied tool material
Authors: Ya Mokritsky B , Sitamov E C , Arendatelev I G , Zawadzki I M
Published: October 2020

Prior studies of surface roughness generated by machining the cutting edge of the tool does not remove the need for additional studies under specific processing conditions, for example, turning a specialized corrosion resistant stainless steel grade 09H17N7U. There are no regulatory recommendations to ensure the necessary quality of detail in the roughness parameters for this steel (pre-existing are outdated). The scope of application of this steel is rapidly expanding due to its unique performance properties, physical and mechanical characteristics. The authors performed such a study in relation to turning with various tool materials.
Improving the efficiency of planing operations when processing large parts based on gas analysis
Authors: Nikulenkov O V
Published: October 2020

The paper presents a comprehensive study of the process of diffusion of impurities, the formation of gases and their mass transfer in the gas-air space of the treatment zone. In addition, the author discusses changes in the state of the cutting process, including the state of the cutting tool and the surfaces of the processed products. Accordingly, the main scientific result is the development of methods and means of controlling the processes of mechanical processing based on mathematical models. The use of such systems in automated production allows you to increase productivity and reduce processing costs by increasing the reliability of processing at higher cutting conditions, timely change of substandard tools, reducing product scrap and tool consumption. In addition, to increase the reliability of the processing systems by timely replacement of extremely worn or broken tools on a backup tool.
Strength of multiferroic layered structures in position sensor structures
Authors: Petrov R V , Sokolov O V , Bichurin M I , Petrova A R , Bozhkov S , Milenov I , Bozhkov P
Published: October 2020

The article is devoted to modeling and calculating the strength of multiferroic layered structures in the designs of position sensors used in various practical applications, including CPS sensors. Progress in the study of new multiferroic layered structures in which a giant magnetoelectric effect has been discovered has opened up completely new prospects for the design of position sensors. The studies carried out open up obvious prospects for creating economical and cheap sensors for use in CPS structures, as well as electric motors for determining angular positions and other automated systems. The strength test of magnetostrictive-piezoelectric two-layer structures metglas/PZT, metglas/(LiNbO3 cut Y+140°), metglas/GaAs was carried out in the bending mode of the magnetoelectric effect. It was found that in all cases the strength condition is satisfied with a very good margin. Thus, the reliability of position sensors with a magnetoelectric structure is fully ensured. The studies carried out open up obvious prospects for creating economical and cheap sensors for use in CPS structures, as well as electric motors for determining angular positions and other automated systems.
Dependence of the preliminary plastic deformation on the curves of chromium-nickel steel deformation
Authors: Popov V A
Published: October 2020

The test results of pre-deformed tubular samples at various values of preliminary deformation are presented. The article describes the chamber of the apparatus, which makes it possible to test tubular samples under conditions of plane and volumetric stress states. Curves built on test results of samples with different levels of preliminary plastic deformation are presented, as well as the test results of samples deformed by the ray α = 0.5. The experiments make it possible to determine the value of the ultimate uniform deformation after preliminary deformation or on the final segment of the multi-link loading path.
Assessment of the effectiveness of the regenerative suspension of a timber truck based on the results of simulation
Authors: Posmetev V I , Nikonov V O , Posmetev V V
Published: October 2020

The relevance of using various recuperative mechanisms in vehicle suspensions is justified in order to reduce fuel consumption and improve their environmental performance. The developed hydraulic drive scheme and a mathematical model of the movement of a forest car equipped with a suspension with a recuperative mechanism are presented. An assessment of the effectiveness of the regenerative suspension of a timber truck was carried out according to the results of simulation. Analytical dependences of the influence of time, speed and diameters of recuperative suspension hydraulic cylinders on the values of recuperative power under various conditions of movement of a forest car are obtained.