bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The concept of violence in (times of) crisis
Authors: Drymioti Marilena
Published: January 2020

The concept of violence in (times of) crisis On structural, institutional and anti-institutional violence

Attempting to understand the Greek narrative of crisis, this paper examines the most prominent forms of violence that emerged in the period of acute economic recession and political upheaval in Greece namely structural, institutional and anti-institutional violence. This paper aims to highlight existing theoretical gaps and avoid common fallacies of the current body of knowledge. In contrast to some of the more common features of the discussion on violence, this note sets out to: a) acknowledge that violence is not necessarily a physical act, b) acknowledge that the outcomes of violence performances might not be physical either, c) specify and adequately distinguish agency and structural dynamics and d) address the cultural and contextual aspects of violence. Vital to this endeavor is to acknowledge, identify and understand the interactive relation between different forms of violence that emerge during the same period of time in a context in which conflict escalates.
The Realistic Novel and the Creation of Literary Characters:
William Faulkner‘s The Sound and the Fury
Authors: Nalewajk Żaneta
Published: January 2020

The article discusses William Faulkner’s The Sound and the Fury with respect to the
construction of the literary character as a refl ection of major conventions of the novel
in the fi rst half of the twentieth century. One important issue concerns the trustworthiness
of characters-narrators, which has to do with the modernist transformations of novelistic techniques. Another important question concerns the identity of the characters-
-narrators as it emanates from their motivations and self-projections. Finally, there is the
problem of the dependence of identity on situational parameters and contextual factors.
The character’s identity is not essentialist and independent, it does not exist in itself and
for itself, but is strictly relational and thus shaped through a connection to the other, both
in the micro- and the macrosocial sphere. Lat but not least, the article addresses the
limited nature of individual cognitive efforts: the knowledge, which the characters communicate, refl ects their discontinuous perception of the surrounding world.
The poetics of space in the stories A Rose for Emily and Barn Burning
Authors: Studniarz Sławomir
Published: January 2020

The article explores the organization of space in two stories by William Faulkner,
A Rose for Emily and Barn Burning. The analysis of spatial arrangements in both
texts relies on the insights into the nature of literary space provided by Jurij Lotman, Janusz Sławiński, and Garbiel Zoran. In particular, Lotman’s notion of spatial relations as
a topos modeling other, non-spatial ideas, Sławiński’s concept of „added–on senses”
conveyed by the fi ctional space, and Zoran’s two methods of reconstructing space in
a narrative, chronotopic and topographic, have proved especially useful and effective. In A Rose for Emily spatial relations model social relations, the contrast between the traditional South and the new South, as well as personal relations, showing the position of the heroine, Emily Grierson, in the community of Jefferson. In addition, Emily’s
house serves as a means of illustrating the protagonist. In Barn Burning space appears
largely as a challenge for the young protagonist, Sarty, and triggers his personal and
moral growth. Two localities are the most important in this respect, the store in which
the trial is taking place, and the magnifi cent residence of major de Spain. Furthermore,
spatial relations in the story model the contrast between the poor and the rich in the
American South.
Faulkner Upside Down: On The Wishing Tree – the Writer’s Only Children’s Story
Authors: Skowera Maciej
Published: January 2020

The paper discusses selected aspects of The Wishing Tree, William Faulkner’s only published children’s story. It presents the circumstances of publication and the subsequent reception this literary work. Then it examines the key themes and the plot of The Wishing Tree in the light of the Bakhtinian theory of carnavalization as it applies to children’s literature. The Wishing Tree displays the quality of carnivalesque oddity; it is ridiculous, unserious, and facetious in comparison with Faulkner’s works for adults.
Meaning, Emotions, Narrative: the Uniqueness of a Musical Work
Authors: Barska Joanna
Published: January 2020

Sloboda wrote that the meaning and emotions are the most important elements of the musical experience. The paper focuses on both these aspects and poses three questions about music and narrativity. First: whether or when can we talk about a narrative or narrativity with reference to musical works? Second: when can we speak of meaning in music? Third: in what way do our emotions affect that meaning and determine our interpretation of a musical work? Whenever a musical work is perceived as if it created a story in our mind, it is based both on the composer’s suggestions as well as on our own way of interpreting it, which depends on cultural factors. I make a distinction between two areas of music. The fi rst one only stimulates individual emotions, refl ections, recollections, etc., and it is represented, for instance, by etudes or fugues, without titles, commentaries, or any other hint as to the work’s semantic interpretation. This kind of music would produce a different, particular meaning for each listener – through its tempo, key, and character. The second area is the music with an intention of telling a story or at least implying certain moods, emotions, and meanings. The article analyses e.g. Franz Liszt’s Faust Symphony in Three Sketches after Goethe and Fryderyk Chopin’s Fantasy on Polish Airs in A major, Op. 13. and seeks the ways of applying the category of „tellability” to them so as to ultimately address the question whether a musical piece can be a story.
Affective Tales of the Body: Narration and Narrativity in Biological Art
Authors: Twardoch Ewelina
Published: January 2020

The paper aims to introduce biological art projects into the fi eld of narration studies, with a focus on two examples: physiological architecture projects (including Jean-Gilles Decosterd’s and Philippe Rahm’s ‘Hormonorium’ and ‘Split time café’), which go beyond classical representation and concentrate on the hormonal dimensions or the movement of retina, trying to explore the affective aspects of the body, and the artistic experiments of Turkish artist Pinar Yoldas (‘Fabula: Origins of Species’, ‘Speculative Biologies’, ‘After Evolution’ and ‘Remembering The Future’) – sculptures, photos and instalations based on organic materials. The article combines the theory of affect, cognitive narratology, the concepts of storyworld and possible worlds, and redefi nes the terms of post-classical narratology in order to determine whether it is possible to construct a narrative beyond language, an embodied one.
Emplacing Narrative. Affect and Performativity in Architectural Narratives
Authors: Kaczmarczyk Katarzyna
Published: January 2020

The article focuses on the relations between narrative and landscape architecture and identifi es the characteristics of architecture and landscape architecture which make them distinct narrative media. The article offers analyses of the narrative aspects of two monuments (one built and one at the stage of the design): the Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington DC and a project entitled „A Forest”, which won the competition for a monument design to commemorate Poles who rescued Jews during the German occupation. Both monuments present challenges to narrative theory through such characteristics as performativity, processuality, interactivity and affective potential. However, such challenges should be seen as a possibility for extending the realm of narratology in new directions.
The Crown of the Comedian: A Reading of Selected Works by Thomas
Bernhard
Authors: Lipszyc Adam
Published: January 2020

The paper discusses the role of the theater actor in Thomas Bernhard’s selected
works: two plays (Der Theatermacher and Einfach kompliziert) and one novel (Holzfällen). Bernhard presents the fi gure of the actor as a victim of the infi nite play between deception and irony, which determines the lives of all human beings. Therefore, the actor epitomizes humanity at its most tragic and most pathetic, but ultimately
he can be also seen as a vehicle for expressing the ultimate truth of our condition and
the necessity to reach beyond deception.
The Theater of Werner Schwab
Authors: Czardybon Marcin
Published: January 2020

The article offers an analysis of Werner Schwab’s output as a playwright. Schwab
is described as an artist whose idee fi xe was a complete rejection of the norms and
demands of the „bourgeois” theater. Such a rejection further signifi es the playwright’s
opposition to all the forms of order that go by the name of Logos.
Beethoven and His Music in the Plays of Gert Jonke
Authors: Firaza Joanna
Published: January 2020

Gert Jonke’s concern with music can be seen as a continuation of the modernist
critique of language and concomitant exploration of its possibilities. Musical inspirations,
from the biographies of composers to specifi c musical forms and structures, broaden
the scope of literary art. A common theme of Jonke’s works under discussion is the life
and achievement of Ludwig van Beethoven. Jonke’s plays Gentle Rage (1990) and Choir
Phantasy (2003) explore the dissonance between idea, metaphorized as striving for absolute art, and matter, as it emanates from the mundane reality. Jonke combines romantic idealism and modernist melancholy with postmodern irony and parody to highlight
the moments of transgression when art is liberated from the artist’s influence.
The experience of mystifi cation and subordination in Middle Eastern European works written under pseudonym
Authors: Németh Zoltán
Published: January 2020

The aim of this article is to analyse intertextual relativities in postmodern novels written by Czech, Slovakian and Hungarian authors. Postmodern mystifi cation in Middle
Eastern European literature shows up the naivety of one’s interpretation, as well as social
differences. The writers use multiple pseudonyms and undermine the border between
work and its interpretation to present cultural differences.
I, the Suspect Narrator: The Games with Authorship and Autobiography in Marian Pankowski’s Prose
Authors: Bandura Michał
Published: January 2020

The paper discusses the autobiographical aspect of Marian Pankowski’s prose. The writer often employs devices whose aim is to create a sense of proximity between the protagonist and the author understood as an extra-textual being. Pankowski has emphasized in interviews that he believes the author to be always present in the text in some way. However, the possibility of a naïve autobiographical reading is completely ruled out in his works. The sphere of autobiography becomes a stage where the author plays a singular game with the reader. The article explores the literary techniques upon which this game depends.
Where Imagination and Experience Meet:
Comments on Piotr Mitzner’s Book "Jak znalazł"
Authors: Panas Paweł
Published: January 2020

The borderline between imagination and real experience is a central problem
of Piotr Mitzner’s book Jak znalazł. Imagination proves to be remedy for the disintegrated
reality. Mitzner’s questions about the essence of art suggest that, in his view, imagination
broadens scope of experience and experience furnishes a basis for true art. This paradox
is a signifi cant element of Mitzner’s narration.
On Translating Simple Literature
Authors: Wojtyna Miłosz
Published: January 2020

The article confronts the problem of diffi culty – one of dominant tropes in the discourse of translation studies – in a subversive way, that is, by attending to diffi culties
that the translator faces in contact with textual material whose dominant artistic feature
is apparent simplicity. The argumentation, taking as the example the short story oeuvre
of a non-canonical writer, Theodore Francis Powys, focuses on such issues as the translation of syntactic and lexical simplicity, of underspecifi cation, lacunae and understatement. The author proposes a commonsensical rule of translational moderation – withdrawal from any addition to the syntactic or phonosemantic structure of the original.
Theory and Its Dissidents
Authors: Kluba Agnieszka
Published: January 2020

The paper explores the intellectual reaction to the growing hegemony of theoretical thinking. „Theory”, the term coined by Jonathan Culler, turned out to be a suitable tool to name the multifaceted phenomenon of numerous theoretical practices dominating in the contemporary academy and thus, for many, corrupting the humanities. The critical current against Theory culminated in the United States in 2005 in the publication of the massive anthology Theory’s Empire – an unprecedented collection of analyses covering all the consecutive stages of Theory – from Saussurean linguistic turn to the so called „anthropological turn” embodied in cultural studies. The anthology could be read as a catalogue of Theory’s faults (epistemological relativism, hermetism, presentism, inertness, fatalism, pessimism, unwillingness to debate, cynicism, institutionalisation of theoretical discourses and professional consolidation, platitudinous politicization/socialization, normativism, moralism and interpretative instrumentalism) but also as impressive evidence of a nonconformist stance of the authors and the editors; a posture that challenges a prevailing compliance.
An Introduction to the Narratological Analysis of Radio Plays
Authors: Lutostański Bartosz
Published: January 2020

Narratology is nowadays an extensive discipline of literary studies relating to particular media (literature, fi lm or theatre) and particular disciplines (philosophy, sociology
or psychology). However, this narratological plurality still fails to include numerous
artistic phenomena, for example a radio play; its narratological analysis is presented
in the following paper. In order to tackle the variety and complexity of a radio play,
I use various methodologies drawn from the narratology of literature and fi lm and the
theory of theatre. Dan Rebellato’s Cavalry serves as the prime example insofar as it demonstrates that a radio play’s general narrative features (for example, level construction
and focalisation) as well as radio-specifi c features (microphone and space construction)
can be successfully examined from the narratological standpoint without ignoring the
specifi city and individuality of a radio play as a legitimate work of art.
Playing the invisible
Authors: Burzyńska Anna R.
Published: January 2020

The article investigates writing strategies employed by Stanisław Grochowiak
as an author of radio plays. Burzyńska analyses two of his works: Zaczarowana stacja
(Enchanted railway station) and Perła (The Pearl) based on the novella by John Steinbeck. The article focuses on tracing differences between a theatrical play, a narrative text
and a radio play and describes various methods that enabled Grochowiak to turn apparent restrictions of radio (e.g. „invisibility” of radio plays) into artistic advantages.
Comparative Literature at a Crossroads? An Introduction
Authors: Weninger Robert
Published: January 2020

The article delineates the main features of Comparative Literature. As a ﬂourishing academic discipline, it leaves many of its central issues still unresolved. Weninger points to non-European contexts of the discipline and assumes a more general historical perspective. As he puts it in the conclusion, Comparative Literature is neither in decline nor on the rise but simply changing and adapting to new circumstances and contexts, institutional, communicational, theoretical, methodological, disciplinary, literary.
Problems of Contexts and Research Methods in Comparative Studies
Authors: Nalewajk Żaneta
Published: January 2020

The article discusses the methods and contexts of comparative literature, understood
as a combination of a research framework, a comparative theory and a methodological
refl ection. The article offers a typology of contexts and establishes the contextual analysis
as a crucial method of comparative studies. A theoretical discussion follows of the adequacy and equivalence of contexts with respect to the problem of historicity.
Modern reinterpretation of Weltliteratur. World Literature in Quest of World(-)System Theories
Authors: Kola Adam
Published: January 2020

While I. Wallerstein’s world-system theory (W-ST) is frequently referred to in literary studies (see: Moretti; Casanova; and Liu, Robbins & Tanoukhi) and cultural studies (King), A.G. Frank’s notion of world system (without hyphen) is not used in comparative literature. However, the two approaches are not competitive, but rather complementary. The article explores the applications of W(-)ST to comparative literature and studies.
Three modernists: Witkacy – Schulz – Gombrowicz
(similarities and differences)
Authors: Bolecki Włodzimierz
Published: January 2020

Witkacy, Gombrowicz, and Schulz do not belong to the same generation, but they create – each one differently – outstanding works of Polish modernism. Of the modernism that is the most important trans-generational current of the whole twentieth century, and which has lasted for a century already, because the problems and questions it raised more than 100 years ago have not yet either been solved or discredited. There is no doubt that each of these writers, individually and collectively, weighed down on the forms and themes of twentieth-century Polish literature. Their inﬂuence and meaning, however, go far beyond the domain of literature. Without Witkacy, Schulz, and Gombrowicz, Polish artistic culture and Polish intellectual life would be quite different.
Dissidents of Modernism: Witkacy, Gombrowicz,
Schulz
Authors: Bocheński Tomasz
Published: January 2020

The author of the article is interested in the story of three dissidents from Poland who wanted the center to read their struggle with time, to listen to their regressive, rebellious, prophetic narrations unanchored in time, distrustful towards the present, belated and yet ahead of the phantasmagorical temporalities of the center. It is a story about three artists who understood and described the regression of the language of fathers. Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz, Bruno Schulz and Witold Gombrowicz did not surrender to the fear that commands peripheries to seek refuge in the narrations of fathers against the dangers of modernity. In their respective works these authors had to address some problems of Polish modernism (1880–1918), that hasty attempt to make up for philosophical backwardness. In parodies of the exalted manner of Polish modernity, they found a grotesque, humorous aspect of the modern, almost non-existent in Polish literature from before 1918. A modern avant-garde form allowed them to express the horrors of civilisational progress that always annihilates both poverty and art.
On the Necessity of Comparative Analysis
in Genre Studies
Authors: Wnuk Agnieszka
Published: January 2020

The article discusses the problems of genre problems presented in the light of modern comparative studies. On the example of romanticism and its popular genres, such as verse tale, digressive poem, romantic drama and a variety of odd types of poetic works, it has been demonstrated that comparative analysis can be very useful in describing the formal aspect of literary works and the interaction between genres.
Literature – Literary Studies – Philosophy:
Problems of Relation, Languages,
and Communication
Authors: Nalewajk Żaneta
Published: January 2020

The main goal of the article is to present relation between literature, literary studies, and philosophy in the context of their languages, and communication. This issue does not belong among issues that have been resolved, methodologically deﬁned,or exhaustively described. It is difficult to speak in this respect of the existence of some “grammar”, of a model that would indicate all possible connections between them. This is “troublesome challenge”, which the theory of discourses must face up to, is identical, it turns out, to the problems of communication between individual branches of knowledge, problems that, hitherto insufﬁciently recognized, still wait for some revelatory discussion. It is not impossible that the realization of this task will demand the adoption of the maximum assumption that there exists a level of universal text grammar embracing all reﬂ ection around anthropological topics. The search for this grammar should, however, take place with full respect to available knowledge on the subject of the status of texts, their genres, and the speciﬁ cs of the languages of the disciplines to which these languages belong.
Literature? History of literature?
Authors: Zgorzelski Andrzej
Published: January 2020

The author of the article postulates the situation in which at least every second or third dissertation would try to synthesize a particular stage in the evolution of a selected genre, in which teams of interpreters working on the synchronous cross-sections of poetry, prose, and drama, at the borderlines of various epochs of national literatures. In his opinion in this imaginary situation the issues and problems of literary history would not appear alien even to the youngest scholars in our ﬁ eld of studies.
Regaining Lost Time
Authors: Wnuk Agnieszka
Published: January 2020

The articles presents the parallel between the constructive role of the decline in comparative literature and in literary history. The authoress of the text shows that the crisis should be considered a spur to research. The questions or problems often called the decline of the history of literature have brought positive effects. They have initiated a diagnosis of the state of affairs, but also triggered analyses of issues such as the grotesque, parody, pastiche, and irony. Comparative literature as a metadiscipline (especially its diachronic perspective) draws much from the achievements of literary history and literary-historical knowledge and, in this respect, it is largely dependent upon it. As long as it exists, it comments on the literary knowledge systematized by literary theoreticians and historians.
Paradoxes of Romantic Folklorism
Authors: Mackiewicz Tomasz
Published: January 2020

The emergence of the study of folklore as a discipline at the end of eighteenth century caused important changes in literature, theatre and art. Folklore became a source of new themes and contributed to the renewal of poetic language. But the romantic interest in folk culture also revealed a variety of literary, cultural and political misconceptions, the most easily discernible in numerous works of lesser, if not altogether questionable, literary quality. Romantic writers believed in the inspirational power of folklore, hoping to invent a true national culture with mystical undertones. This conviction, however, veiled artistic failures and political disappointments.
Nienaturalna narratologia
Authors: Lutostański Bartosz
Published: January 2020

Unnatural narratology is one of the most important branches of the contemporary (postclassical) narratology. Its aim is to redefi ne narrative and its properties. Despite its growing popularity over the last ten years, unnatural narratology is still highly contentious around the world and relatively unknown in Poland. In my paper I discuss what unnatural narratology is and its basic analysis elements (unnatural storyworlds, unnatural minds and unnatural acts of narration). Finally I refer to scholars offering critical comments against unnatural narratology.
The Antaeus of Wolyn. Some Remarks on the Literary Writings of Władysław Milczarek
Authors: Dubyk Halyna
Published: January 2020

The article is to present the ﬁ gure of Władysław Milczarek, one of the most interesting, though forgotten, contemporary writers. Before the Second World War the author was associated with the poetic group „Volyn”, and after the war he tried unsuccessfully to continue to write in the tradition of memoirs about the Eastern Borderland. In 1957, after a decade of silence due to censorship, he re-emerged in Polish literature as a novelist. His life’s work, the novel Krasnegóry, published in 1980, is an expression of his strong attachment to the region of Volyn and an important literary version of the myth of Antaeus.
Some remarks on the Literary Works of Vasily Słapczuk
Authors: Oljander Luiza , Szczęsny Robert , Dubyk Halyna
Published: January 2020

The article presents the biography and literary achievement of the poet Vasily Słapczuk from Volyn, focusing on the contexts for and intertextual references in his poems. Słapczuk, one of the most interesting contemporary Ukrainian authors, combines the regional concerns, without sentimental undertones, with universal experiences, such as the stigma of the war in Afghanistan.
FIRST DAY ... GERMAN ARCHIVALS SPEAK! THE ACTIVITIES OF GERMAN MARINE AVIATION OVER POLISH COAST IN THE FIRST DAY OF THE SECOND WORLD WAR
Authors: Olejko Andrzej
Published: January 2020

The outbreak of the Second World War showed from 1 September 1939 an extremely important role of aviation. On the first day of military operations, however, not only the Luftwaffe units operated on the Baltic Sea, but also units of the German naval aviation, giving seriously to the defenders of the Coast. This article presents the activities of these individuals in the light of previously unknown archives
Evaluation of fungicidal properties of post-cultured liquid medium from
the culture of Kombucha microorganisms against selected mold fungi
Authors: BETLEJ IZABELA , ANDRES BOGUSŁAW
Published: January 2020

Evaluation of fungicidal properties of post-cultured liqiud medium from the culture of Kombucha
microorganisms against selected mold fungi. The paper presents the results of the evaluation of fungicidal
activity of post-cultured liquid medium from Kombucha microrganism on molds Alternaria alternata and
Trichoderma viride. The obtained results confirmed that the medium on which Kombucha microorganisms grew,
have fungicidal activity against mold fungi. The lowest concentration of post-cultured liqiud medium, inhibiting
the growth of A. alternata and T. viride, on the 4th day of culture, was respectively: 5% and 15%. The total
absence of fungal growth was observed on medium containing 20% medium from Kombucha culture
Influence of qualitative and dimensional classification of Pinewood raw
material as an efficiency indicator in the production of selected timber
assortments
Authors: WIERUSZEWSKI MAREK , MIRSKI RADOSŁAW , KAWALERCZYK JAKUB , TROCIŃSKI ADRIAN
Published: January 2020

Wood processing plants in Poland are recipients of more than 50% of round wood, which is delivered
by the State Forests National Forest Holding. Thus playing a crucial role in the technological processing of raw
material for all other wood industry branches. Each group of recipients has individual needs and expectations
concerning the quality of the raw material such as, its type and the size of the cross-sections of the assortment
used for further production. Therefore, it is economically justified for small production plants to abandon the
production of narrow groups of assortments, which usually meets the standards of timber for general purposes.
The aim is to make wood processing more flexible and lower the quality of raw material to produce assortments
for a specific branches of the wood industry. Wood processing experiments were conducted to produce laths for
construction purposes. These materials are one of the most important elements of roof constructions. The
research proved empirically that it was possible to produce quality class 1 laths (88% of all laths produced) from
WC0 class pinewood used as the input raw material and that the quantitative efficiency exceeded 55%.
The borings of Teredinidae in fossil wood of Taxodium Distichum Gothan,
1906
Authors: KRAJEWSKI ADAM , WITOMSKI PIOTR , OLEKSIEWICZ ANNA
Published: January 2020

The borings of Teredinidae in fossil wood of Taxodium distichum Gothan, 1906. Photographs of
borings in fossil wood (Taxodium distichum Gothan, Miocene, Roztocze, Poland) were taken. The texture of the
borings surface was analyzed. Moreover, photographs were taken of the surface texture of borings in makore
wood (Tieghemella heckelii Pierre) from Africa after Teredinidae and after different species of insects in Scotch
pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) for comparative purposes. The photographs were compared. The suspected wood
borings in the studied fossil wood of T. distichum were made by mollusc (Teredinidae).
The influence of WC grain size on the durability of WCCo cutting edges in
the machining of wood-based materials
Authors: WACHOWICZ JOANNA , WILKOWSKI JACEK , WIERZBICKA KLAUDIA , CZARNIAK PAWEŁ
Published: January 2020

WCCo cemented carbides are one of the basic materials used for tools. They consist of tungsten
carbide in 70–96% and a binding warp – cobalt. High hardness of these materials determines their high
resistance to abrasive wear. These properties predispose them to be used as a material for cutting tools.
This study presents the results of tests on the durability of cutting edges made of WCCo composite of different
WC grain in the machining of wood-based materials. The tests showed a several-fold increase of the durability
of edges made of WCCo composite of grain size of 0.2÷0.5 μm compared to WCCo blades of WC grain size of
0.5÷0.8 μm and 0.8÷1.3 μm.
Influence of alder (Alnus glutinosa Gaerthn.) veneers on selected
mechanical properties of layered pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) composites
Authors: BEER PIOTR , BURAWSKA-KUPNIEWSKA IZABELA , PACEK PAWEŁ , OLEŃSKA SYLWIA , RÓŻAŃSKA ANNA
Published: January 2020

Influence of alder (Alnus glutinosa Gaerthn.) veneers on selected mechanical properties of layered
pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) composites. The aim of the study was to analyse the influence of using hardwood
veneers in the base layer on selected mechanical properties of composites made of coniferous veneers dedicated
for flooring applications. The modulus of elasticity and stiffness at three-point bending were determined in static,
dynamic and fatigue tests. All tested mechanical properties of pine-alder composites showed, to a different
extent, higher values than composites with a base layer made only of pine veneers
A human quality control system in furniture manufacturing – a pilot study
Authors: ŚMIETAŃSKA KATARZYNA , PODZIEWSKI PIOTR
Published: January 2020

A human quality control system in furniture manufacturing – a pilot study. The article presents the
results of pilot studies in which an attempt was made to check what the subjectivity of visual inspection looks
like during the control of MDF delamination process in the milling process. 100% match of assessors’ scores
was obtained only with low (VB = 0–0.08mm) and high (VB = 0.3–0.33mm) tool wear. In addition, the impact
of gender on the results was significant. Women rated items less restrictively. Based on the results obtained, one
can expect a problem with subjectivity when using a single-person human quality control system.
The effect of the addition of primary fibers on the papermaking ability of wastepaper
Authors: NISKA ALEKSANDRA , MAŁACHOWSKA EDYTA
Published: January 2020

The effect of the addition of primary fibers on the papermaking ability of wastepaper. The rapid increase in paper production and consumption at the end of the 20th century contributed to the increasing difficulties connected with assurance of required resources base for paper industry and the utilization of the growing amount of paper waste. The wastepaper salvage and application of secondary pulps for paper production make a significant contribution to solving these issues, and these activities are justified based on ecology and economy. It must be said, however, that the addition of certain amount of primary fibers is necessary to ensure strength and others usable properties of produced paper. The authors have set themselves the goal of the examination of primary fibers addition on papermaking ability of wastepaper. Studies have shown that the addition of primary fibers to wastepaper has a positive impact on all examined strength properties of paper.
Trends in employment and labour productivity in the woodworking
industry in selected EU countries
Authors: GRZEGORZEWSKA EMILIA , BIERNACKA JUSTYNA , PODOBAS IZABELA
Published: January 2020

Trends in employment and labour productivity in the woodworking industry in selected EU countries.
Labour productivity and employment levels are among the most important factors determining the development
of enterprises, regardless of the nature of their economic activity. From the point of view of the furniture
industry, whose significant position in the ranking of producers and exporters is influenced by the woodworking
industry, the main supplier of raw material for production, it seems important to analyse the dynamics and
structure of employment, as well as to assess the use of human resources in wood processing companies. The
main objective of the paper was to compare selected aspects of the labour market and the efficiency of human
resources use in the European Community, with particular emphasis on the countries belonging to the Visegrad
Group. The research was supplemented by a detailed analysis of men employed in the woodworking industry
and their belonging to particular age groups. On the basis of the conducted analyses it was indicated that there
are differences in the aspect of production potential, employment level and labour productivity.
Comparison of dendrometric features of Scots pine trees and wood density
from one of genetic origin obtained from the provenance surface in Forest
Research Institute in Rogów
Authors: ZATOŃ PATRYCJA , BĘDKOWSKI MATEUSZ , BURACZYK WŁODZIMIERZ , KOZAKIEWICZ PAWEŁ , KOCZAN GRZEGORZ
Published: January 2020

Comparison of dendrometric features of Scots pine trees and wood density from one of genetic origin
obtained from the provenance surface in Forest Research Institute in Rogów. Scots pine is characterized by high
variability of morphological-tribal and physiological-growth features, which also translates into high variability
in wood density. The provenance area of LZD in Rogów was founded on the international project of IUFRO
organization in 1966. It is composed by 16 genetic origins of Scots pine closely described and nurtured
throughout the life of trees, which creates wood material from this surface unique in research. Due to the fact
that Scots pine is the most important conifer species in Poland, both for forests and for the industry,
comprehensive research with regard to genetic origin seems to be necessary.
Influence of collagen modifications on qualitative parameters of
thermoplastic adhesive mixtures and its microbiological stability
Authors: MATYAŠOVSKÝ JÁN , SEDLIAČIK JÁN , NOVÁK IGOR , DUCHOVIČ PETER , JURKOVIČ PETER
Published: January 2020

Influence of collagen modifications on qualitative parameters of thermoplastic adhesive mixtures and
its microbiological stability.This work presents the possibility to use the modified biopolymer collagen for
preparation of ecologic, biologically degradable thermoplastic adhesives. Collagen prepared from secondary raw
materials of the leather and food industry was applied as a starting material for the preparation of thermoplastic,
formaldehyde-free adhesives intended for use in woodworking, furniture and paper industries. Glued joint
obtained high strength and flexibility after application of modification plasticisation agents based on collagen.
Modifications of collagen glue with keratin biopolymer increased its resistance to water and the strength of the
glued joint. Prepared samples of hot-melt adhesive had higher bonding strengths than standard commercial
adhesives. The highest tensile strengths were achieved by applying of undiluted adhesive with the application of
2.5% keratin hydrolysate into hot-melt adhesive. As collagen is a natural polymer easy biodegradable in the
aquatic environment, the research has focused on the possibility of its microbiological stabilization with aqueous
solutions of ionic and colloidal silver. The highest microbiological activity was observed in a sample of ionic
silver sulphate solution with a concentration of 2000 ppm Ag+. Its 1% concentration was applied for antibacterial
thermoplastic stabilization of formaldehyde-free collagen glue.
Quality of surface finish on furniture doors of MDF board
Authors: SLABEJOVÁ GABRIELA , ŠMIDRIAKOVÁ MÁRIA , VOZAF IVAN
Published: January 2020

Quality of Surface Finish on Furniture Doors of MDF Board. The paper deals with the assessment of
the quality of furniture door surface. The properties were tested on the following types of the surface finish on
MDF doors: PVC foil (glossy and matt), acrylic foil, and PUR pigmented coating material. The following
physical and mechanical properties of the surfaces were assessed: the film hardness, the impact resistance, and
the resistance against scuffing. The polyurethane surface finish and the glossy PVC foil achieved the same film
hardness. The impact resistance of the polyurethane finish was significantly lower than the impact resistance of
the PVC foils and the acrylic foil. The resistance against scuffing was lower for the polyurethane finish if
compared to the foiled surfaces.
Load-bearing capacity and characteristic forms of destruction of furniture
joints made with rastex 15 and P-10 clamex fasteners
Authors: Sydor Maciej , POHL PIOTR
Published: January 2020

Load-bearing capacity and characteristic forms of destruction of furniture joints made with rastex 15
and P-10 clamex fasteners. The study tested the relationship between the load and angular deflection in furniture
joints. The tests were carried out for two types of fasteners and five types of materials: chipboard, MDF,
hardwood plywood, glued pine boards and glued oak boards. The furniture joint samples contained two fasteners
preloaded only with a bending moment (without application of shear forces). The results were converted per
single fastener specifying: its maximal load capacity, 50 mrad (2.9°) limit deflection and rigidity coefficient. It
was found that rigidity is a better structural property of the tested joint types than their load capacity. As far as
rigidity is concerned, the most durable is the combination of oak glued board – rastex 15 fastener (13.2 Nm
bending moment per fastener), while the least durable combination is chipboard – clamex P-10 fastener (4.8 Nm
bending moment per fastener). Photographic documentation of damaged furniture joint samples was prepared
and analysed. In case of chipboard and MDF combinations (where the load is determined by the combined
material), the combined boards suffer a disastrous damage, while in combinations of plywood boards and pine or
oak glued boards, (where the capacity is determined by the fastener), both clamex P10 and rastex 15 fasteners
are damaged.
The influence of structure on selected properties of a lignocellulosic
composite
Authors: SYCZ KRYSTIAN , KOWALUK GRZEGORZ
Published: January 2020

The influence of structure on selected properties of a lignocellulosic composite. As part of the
research, the influence of the number of layers and the structure of plywood on selected physico-mechanical
properties was determined. The scope of work included: bending strength and modulus of elasticity, resistance at
axial removal of screws and density profile. The influence of thickness increase on selected properties of
plywood was confirmed. Flexural strength decreases by 60%, modulus of elasticity by 71%. As the number of
composite layers increases, the screw holding capacity increases by 33%. Density oscillates around the value of
650 kg / m3, possible deviations occur through the influence of the anatomical structure of wood and glue joints.
NTI-WEAR PROPERTIES OF MEDIUM CARBON STEEL AFTER CARBURIZING WITH SUBSEQUENT DIFFUSION CHROMIZING AND PVD TREATMENT
Authors: Kasprzycka Ewa , Bogdański Bogdan
Published: January 2020

The paper discusses the results of research on the structure and tribological properties of hybrid layers produced on the surface of medium-carbon steel in hybrid treatment, combining gas carburizing process with the next treatment, i.e. diffusion chromizing and PVD treatment. A comparison was made of the structure and tribological properties of the layers obtained as a result of hybrid treatment with the layers produced in a single diffusion chromizing process. The studies of the layers concerned their structure, chemical composition, thickness, and hardness. Linear wear of the layers were performed by means of three-cylinder-cone method. It has been shown that the linear wear of samples with hybrid layers, produced on medium carbon steel, is less than 50% of samples with single carbide layers. This indicates very good anti-wear properties of hybrid layers.
THE EFFECT OF GRAPHENE ADDITIVE ON THE TRIBOLOGICAL
PROPERTIES OF BIONIC LUBRICANT COMPOSITIONS TESTED
BY THE SRV METHOD
Authors: Molenda Jarosław , Michalczewski Remigiusz
Published: January 2020

The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of the addition of graphene dispersion on anti-wear properties
of bionic lubricant compositions based on aqueous sodium hyaluronate solutions. Tribological tests were
carried out using a SRV tester, enabling the tests to be carried out in conditions of linear oscillating movement
of the bullet-shield type association in which the ball was made of aluminium oxide and the disc was made of
bearing steel 100Cr6. For research, a 0.5% solution of sodium hyaluronate in water (composition BSS2) was
chosen, which was the base to which the graphene additive was introduced. During the main stage of work,
three lubricant compositions were tested, i.e., as well as BSS2 solution, into which 0.05% m/m or 0.1% m/m
graphene oxide was introduced, respectively. The study allowed the observation of a clear anti-wear effect
associated with the introduction of graphene preparations into the hyaluronan base, manifested in a change
in the trend of the graph of the coefficient of friction over time. In addition, a reduction in the volume wear
of friction node components was found. Based on the analysis of tribological research results, it was found
that the anti-wear effect of the lubricant on the friction elements of the steel-ceramic material combination
increases with increasing the content of the graphene preparation in the lubricant composition.
FRICTION FORCE OF THE NATURAL LEATHER CUTTING
PROCESS
Authors: Przepiórka Jacek
Published: January 2020

Cutting natural leather is a first stage of a technological process of leather goods. It consists of dividing flat
materials into shoe components. Cutting can be done by hand or mechanically. Cutters are the main cutting
device in mechanical process. During utilization of cutters, the durability of its usage is an important issue.
To increase its endurance, optimal force conditions are required. These depend on the following: the friction
coefficient between cutting machine and cut material, the angle of sharpening of cutter, the blunting of the
edge, using a cutting pad, and the type and kind of steel of which is produced. Friction is a component of
a cutting force and its value depends on several factors, one of which is shape of the cutter. It is a parameter
often ignored in the literature; however, according to the studies conducted by the authors, the value of the
friction during cutting depends on the shape of the cutter. In this study, results of force value measurements
required to cut elements of different shapes with equal circumferences with steel cutters are presented.
ASSESSMENT OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE COEFFICIENT
OF FRICTION ON THE TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION OF A DISC
BRAKE DURING THE BRAKING PROCESS
Authors: Sokolski Piotr , Sokolska Justyna
Published: January 2020

Brake assemblies are key mechanisms in the aspect of safe and reliable operation of devices and machines.
Due to intense thermal processes that occur during braking, the brakes are exposed to an accelerated wear.
The article assesses the impact of tribological cooperation conditions between the caliper and the disc of a disc
brake on the temperature of a disc. The variable value in the simulations was the coefficient of friction between
the cooperating surfaces. A direct effect of the increase of the analysed parameter on the enhancement of brake
elements’ temperature was found. At the same time, a similar nature of thermal processes was observed for all
values of the friction coefficient taken into account.
Ochrona infrastruktury krytycznej: przypadek Internetu
Authors: Siwicki Maciej
Published: January 2020

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A Multi-Strategy Approach to Overcoming Bias in Community Detection Evaluation
Authors: Leão Jeancarlo C. , Laender Alberto H. F. , de Melo Pedro O. S. Vaz
Published: January 2020

Community detection is key to understand the structure of complex networks. However, the lack of appropriate evaluation strategies for this specific task may produce biased and incorrect results that might invalidate further analyses or applications based on such networks. In this context, the main contribution of this paper is an approach that supports a robust quality evaluation when detecting communities in real-world networks. In our approach, we use multiple strategies that capture distinct aspects of the communities. The conclusion on the quality of these communities is based on the consensus among the strategies adopted for the structural evaluation, as well as on the comparison with communities detected by different methods and with their existing ground truths. In this way, our approach allows one to overcome biases in network data, detection algorithms and evaluation metrics, thus providing more consistente conclusions about the quality of the detected communities. Experiments conducted with several real and synthetic networks provided results that show the effectiveness of our approach.
ETERNAL: Uma estratégia eficiente de tolerância a falhas utilizando memória não volátil
Authors: Gomes Davi B. , Brayner Angelo , Machado Javam C.
Published: January 2020

SGBDs em memória principal têm se mostrado como alternativa eficiente para o gerenciamento de grandes volumes de dados. Eles caracterizam-se por utilizar memória RAM como seu meio de armazenamento primário. No entanto, tais sistemas precisam de armazenamento não-volátil para garantir a durabilidade de suas transações. Memórias não-voláteis endereçáveis por byte (NVRAM) são candidatas ideais para assegurar tal propriedade, pois possuem tempo de acesso próximo ao de memória RAM tradicional, mas ainda assim garantem a persistência dos dados. A fim de atacar o problema da durabilidade de transações em SGBDs em memória, este trabalho propõe ETERNAL, uma arquitetura de durabilidade que faz o uso eficiente de memória não-volátil, melhorando o desempenho do processo de persistência em tais SGBDs. Os experimentos revelam que ETERNAL provê um throughput superior a abordagem de escrita antecipada em log (WAL). Destaca-se ainda o fato, que, mesmo utilizando memória não-volátil como meio de armazenamento, a abordagem WAL não possui um mecanismo para lidar com o cenário em que a memória não volátil se esgota.
Artigo Visão: Processamento de Banco de Dados em Memória
Authors: Kepe Tiago R. , Almeida Eduardo C. , Alves Marco A. Z.
Published: January 2020

Neste artigo, apresentamos nossa visão de como os Sistemas Gerenciadores de Bancos de Dados (SGBD) podem integrar Processamento-em- Memória (PIM) em processamento de consultas. PIM promete mitigar os problemas clássicos de “memory-wall” e “energy-wall” presentes nas arquiteturas de computadores que são amplificados pela movimentação de dados na hierarquia de memória por aplicações de análise de dados. Compartilhamos com a comunidade uma análise empírica dos prós e contras do uso de PIM em três principais operadores da álgebra relacional: seleção, projeção e junção. Com base nos resultados obtidos começamos a desenvolver um escalonador de consultas PIM-consciente que apresenta resultados promissores chegando a reduzir em 3x o tempo de execução de consultas e o consumo de energia em pelo menos 25%. Concluímos nossa visão com uma discussão sobre os desafios e oportunidades para impulsionar pesquisas na concepção de um SGBD com PIM.