bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Plant Media Composition and POC Doses of Rabbit Urine on Growth and Yield of Melon (Cucumis melo L.) Plants
Authors: Lestari Gita Ayu , Sumarsono  , Fuskhah Eny uskhah
Published: December 2019

Melon has a high economic value but in its cultivation, this plant requires quite an intensive handling.One effort to increase the production of melon plants is modifying planting media composition andfertilizing. This research aimed to examine the interaction between plant media composition and therabbit urine fertilizer dosage on melon growth and yield. The research was held on April 4 to August4, 2019, at The Agro Fruit Purwosari Greenhouse, Mijen, Semarang and Ecology, and CropProduction Laboratory, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University,Semarang. The study used a completely randomized factorial design 3x5 with 5 replications. The firstfactor was the growing media composition of 100% husk charcoal (M1), 75% husk charcoal + 25%soil (M2), 50% husk charcoal + 50% soil (M3). The second factor was rabbit urine fertilizer dosageof 55 ml/plant (P1), 82,5 ml/plant (P2), 110 ml/plant (P3), 137,5 ml/plant (P4), 165 ml/plant (P5).Data were analyzed by variance and proceeded with the DMRT test. The observed variables wereplant height, amount of leaves, harvest age, fruit weight, fruit diameter, fruit sweetness level, crown,and root fresh weight, crown and root dry weight. The results of the study showed that the interactionof the growing media composition and rabbit urine fertilizer dosage was significant (P<0.05) on theparameters of plant height, amount of leaves, and fruit sweetness level. The treatment of (M2)obtained the highest result on the parameters of plant height, amount of leaves, and fruit sweetnesslevel but had not been shown on the parameters of harvest age, fruit weight, fruit diameter, crownand root fresh weight, crown, and root dry weight.
Laserski snimak Trsatskog kaštela kao dio strategije očuvanja kulturne baštine Rijeke
Authors: Mrak Iva , Palinić Nana , Matan Cela
Published: December 2019

Kaštel (Gradina) Trsat je jedan od najpoznatijih objekata graditeljske baštine u Primorskogoranskoj županiji. U svrhu projekta obnove, Grad Rijeka je 2015. godine naručio snimak kompleksa (ukupno skoro 8000 m²). Za izradu snimka korištena je laboratorijska oprema Sveučilišta u Rijeci. Cilj rada je prikazati proces snimka, dati analizu mogućnosti kombiniranja laserskog snimka s drugim suvremenim metodama (snimanje bespilotnom letjelicom, fotomodeliranje), usporediti rezultate snimka s postojećim snimkama kompleksa, utvrditi nove podatke o kompleksu te provesti diskusiju o rezultatima i važnosti koje ovakvo kompleksno snimanje može imati za očuvanje kulturne baštine.
Zaštita čeličnih konstrukcija primjenom zaštitnih sredstava premaza
Authors: Ivetić Salopek Rosanda
Published: December 2019

Zaštita čeličnih elemenata bitan je proces u proizvodnji čeličnih konstrukcija. U svrhu zaštite od pojave korozije i vanjskog utjecaja okoline, sve čelične konstrukcije potrebno je zaštititi na adekvatan način. Kvaliteta antikorozivne zaštite jedan je od osnovnih uvjeta za osiguranje dugotrajnosti konstrukcije te se dobro izvedenom zaštitom produljuje njezin uporabni vijek. Tehnologija nanošenja zaštite primjenom premaza zahtjevan je proces koji traži dobro poznavanje svih koraka u zaštiti konstrukcije, od odabira sustava premaza, pripreme površine do sušenja. U radu je opisana antikorozivna zaštita čeličnih konstrukcija primjenom zaštitnih premaza, kako odabrati odgovarajući sustav premaza, šta utječe na njegov odabir, kako pripremiti površinu koja se zaštićuje te koji sustavi premaza se koriste ovisno o kategoriji atmosferske korozivnosti.
Visiones distintas acerca del valor de la cultura: explorando las partes malditas
Authors: Fernández León Jorge
Published: December 2019

Una buena parte de la literatura económica especializada aborda una interpretación del valor de la cultura centrada en su consideración de mercancía. Pero hay quienes, sin negar esa interpretación, se acercan a él como valor de uso y por sus virtudes sociales y su condición más allá de su medida; otros defienden una clasificación más centrada en sus valores como derechos ciudadanos; otros acuden a distintas teorías del valor para analizar la función de los productos culturales en la sociedad actual; incluso desde la ortodoxia económica para el análisis de procesos y productos culturales, existe una diversidad de aproximaciones. Recogemos y comentamos aquí algunas de esas visiones.
ANALISIS KESEDIAAN MASYARAKAT DALAM MEMBAYAR (WILLINGNESS TO PAY) TARIF PDAM KOTA KENDARI
Authors: Nur Syamsir , Arifin Arifin
Published: December 2019

This study aims to estimate the value of Willingness to Pay PDAM rates at Green Anggoeya Resort Kendari and the Affecting Factors. The type of data used is primary data obtained from the PDAM water user community, and secondary data obtained from the office of PDAM Tirta Anoa Kendari. The method used is the Willingness to Pay (WTP) approach using the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) analysis method. The results showed that the average WTP (Willingness to Pay) value of the community in paying for PDAM water is IDR 6,210.14 per m3 for each family head (KK), this value is lower than the current PDAM rates of IDR 6,500 /m3. The total value of the PAPs is IDR 1,620,847.83 per month so that the amount of willingness to pay PDAM rates at Green Anggoeya Resort Kendari in one year is IDR 19,450,173.96. The factors that influence WTP are the Water Quality and Service of PDAM obtained by PDAM customers in Kendari City.
THE ROLE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION FOR CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS: A REVIEW STUDY
Authors: Baglama Basak , Demirok Mukaddes Sakalli
Published: December 2019

Sports and physical activities improve individuals’ physical, physiological and psychological health and regulate social behaviors from biological, pedagogical and social dimensions. Sports practices for individuals with special needs have a great importance in their daily life activities and quality of lives. This study aims to this study aims to provide a scientific and systematic review for the benefits and outcomes of physical education and sports in special education. A comphrehensive and systematic literature review was carried out in order to achieve this aim. “No disability in sports” and “importance of physical education and sports for individuals with special needs” were discussed with relavant literature and recommendations for further research and practives were presented.
THE RIGHT TO GAMBLE: AN ANALYSIS OF GAMBLING ‘INDUSTRIES’ IN MALAYSIA FROM CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL PERSPECTIVES
Authors: Ahmad Nisar Mohammad , Mohd Salleh Mohd. Mahyeddin , Ab. Halim Mustafa ‘Afifi
Published: December 2019

This article aims to analyse the gambling activities in Malaysia against the backdrop of human rights and federal constitution. It instigates for effective efforts to be carried out to, at least, minimise the gambling activities, if not to stop them totally. Based on limited sources in the existing literature, this article initially identifies the definitions of gambling and its status from the perspectives of Islam and other religions. It then examines whether gambling is consistent with the very notion of freedom of religion in this country which makes Islam as its religion. Furthermore, to get an accurate perspective of this ‘industry’ and the laws related to it, this article analyses some selected prominent gambling companies and the existing laws followed by some recommendations for solutions. In sum, this article affirms that gambling is neither a good habit nor does it represent the culture of Malaysian people. It in fact contributes towards social ills within the society and therefore needs to be strongly combated.
Біоплівки. Сучасний стан і перспективи антимікробної терапії
Authors: Вринчану Н. О. , Дудікова Д.М. , Гринчук Н. І. , Недашківська В. В.
Published: December 2019

Огляд присвячений аналізу сучасних даних щодо механізмів стійкості біоплівок до антимікробних засобів та пошуку нових активних речовин з антибіоплівковою активністю. Проведений аналіз літературних джерел показав, що біоплівка є гетерогенною багатоклітинною структурою, стійкість якої до впливу зовнішніх факторів (у т. ч. антимікробних речовин) визначається будовою позаклітинного матриксу, наявністю сигнальної системи (Quorum sensing), а також здатністю до переходу в метаболічно неактивний стан. Для підвищення ефективності антибіоплівкової терапії як перспективні розглядають речовини, які: 1) руйнують позаклітинний матрикс або підвищують його проникність; 2) впливають на систему Quorum sensing і синтез автоіндукторів; 3) впливають на метаболічно неактивні клітини або викликають їхню реверсію до активного стану. З метою подолання стійкості біоплівок окрім пошуку таргетних молекул також розглядають можливість застосування не антимікробних препаратів, створення молекул, подібних до білків людини та мікроорганізмів, а також застосування вірусів бактерій – бактеріофагів. Цей огляд може бути підґрунтям для дослідників, які прагнуть вивчати антибіоплівкові властивості нових речовин і розробляти потенційні лікарські засоби.
Immunohistochemical expression of BerEP4, CK7 and EMA in basal cell carcinoma of the skin
Authors: Bartoš Vladimír
Published: December 2019

The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression status of BerEP4, EMA and CK7 in cutaneous basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and to find out whether there is some difference in the expression pattern related to the anatomic location of lesions. Biopsy specimens from 32 cases of BCC of the skin were enrolled. All samples were immunohistochemically stained for EpCAM (clone BerEP4), EMA (clone E29), and CK7 (clone OV-TL 12/30). All cases (32/32; 100%) were strongly positive for BerEP4, while the vast majority of tumors (28/32) were completely negative for EMA. Four BCCs (12.5%) exhibited a focal staining for EMA, but it was only sporadic and did not exceed 5% of tumor epithelium. Cytoplasmic expression of CK7 was found in 19 cases (19/32; 59.4%). Comparing both, the chronically sun-exposed and the intermittently sun-exposed anatomic locations, the percentages of CK7-positive BCCs were 47.8 and 88.9%, respectively. In conclusion, all lesions showed a strong expression of BerEP4, the use of this marker is helpful especially in individuals suspected of having multifocal BCC with many microlesions, morpheic BCC, or BCCs with mixed histomorphology.
Induction of reparative dentin by calcium silicate-based material as direct pulp capping agent
Authors: Hossain Mozammal , Sajedeen Mahmood , Nakamura Yukio
Published: December 2019

This study was performed to examine whether calcium silicate could induce reparative dentin formation without eliciting any adverse effect in direct pulp capping of premolar teeth. Twenty participants who need extraction of their 4 healthy permanent premolar teeth for orthodontic reasons were included in this study. Following the surgical procedure, the exposed pulp tissue was treated either with calcium silicate or covered with calcium hydroxide paste. On day 3, 7, 14 and 28, the experimental teeth was extracted and examined using light microscopy and histometric analysis to observe the inflammatory changes and the amount of reparative dentin formation. The results showed that in the calcium silicate treated teeth, substantial amounts of dentine-like tissue was formed on day 14 and mostly located on the exposure site. It was also observed in the calcium hydroxide treated teeth but dentin-like tissue located at a distance from the exposure site. The total amount of reparative dentine formed in the calcium silicate-treated teeth was significantly higher (p<0.005) than in the calcium hydroxide-treated specimens. In conclusion that the calcium silicate indices pulpal wound healing and reparative formation in the exposed teeth without affecting the normal function of the remaining pulp.
Intralesional steroid and ultrasound therapy in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: Hasan Md. Israt , Ahmed Syed Mozaffar
Published: December 2019

The study aimed to compare the effects of intralesional steroid injection and ultrasound therapy for the treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome. A total 130 patients divided into 2 groups: a) One group (n=65) received intralesional corticosteroid injection along with wrist splint, exercise, naproxen sodium 500 mg tablet and omeprazole 20 mg capsule twice daily for 2 weeks; b) Another group received (n=65) ultrasound therapy (10 min/day, 3 days/week for 4 weeks) along with  Wrist splint for 4 weeks, exercises for 4 weeks, naproxen sodium 500 mg tablet and omeprazole 20 mg capsule twice daily for 2 weeks. The patients were followed-up 2 weekly for 4 weeks. The visual analogue score, symptom severity scores and functional status scores were significantly improved within each group at week 2 (p<0.05) and week 4 (p<0.05) except for the symptom severity score at (p>0.05). The improvement in symptom severity scores and functional status scores in the intralesional steroid group was more than in the ultrasound therapy group after 4 weeks.
Biyoplastiklerin Biyodegradasyonu
Authors: KÖKSAL Özge , AYDIN ER Bilge , ARDALI Yüksel , SAĞLAM Mustafa
Published: December 2019

Günümüze bakıldığında
plastikler yarı sentetik veya sentetik bileşiklerden yapılan, kolay şekil
verilebilen, üretiminin kolay olması, suya, kimyasal maddelere ve çevresel
değişimlere (ışık, sıcaklık vb.) karşı duyarlı olması sebebiyle kullanımları
oldukça geniş bir yer tutmaktadır. Üretime paralel olarak artış gösteren
plastik atık kirliliği de hem çevreyi hem de fosil yakıt kaynaklarını önemli
ölçüde tehdit etmektedir. Gelişen çevre bilinci ile birlikte daha çevre dostu
malzemeler olan biyoplastiklerin bu konuda önemli bir alternatif olduğu
düşünülmektedir. Biyoplastikler genel tanımı, bitkisel katı ve sıvı yağlar,
bitki nişastaları veya mikroorganizmalar gibi yenilenebilir biyolojik
kaynaklardan elde edilen plastikler olarak ifade edilmektedir. Alternatif olarak
biyoplastiklerin tercihi ile yenilenebilir kaynakların artışının da
sürdürülmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Tarımsal atıklar gibi yenilenebilir kaynakların
tüketilmesi ve farklı çevrelerde biyolojik olarak ayrışması biyoplastiklerin
daha kolay benimsenmesini sağlamıştır. Biyoplastiklerin biyodegradasyonu sahip
oldukları fiziksel ve kimyasal yapılarından kaynaklanmaktadır. Biyoplastiklerin
çevre dostu ürünler olması, kullanılan teknolojilere uyum sağlamaları nedeniyle
kullanımlarındaki artış ile gelecekte plastiklerin yerini alacağı
düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, biyoplastiklerin biyobozunurluk durumları
incelenmiştir.
Road kills of amphibian and reptile species in Edirne and Kırklareli Provinces of Turkey
Authors: BÜLBÜL Ufuk , EROĞLU Ali İhsan , KUTRUP Bilal , KURNAZ Muammer , KOÇ Halime , ODABAŞ Yasemin
Published: December 2019

Many wild animals are exposed to road-kills in the world. Amphibians and reptiles which live near the roads are the most endangered groups among vertebrates related to the road-kills. However, there are only few studies related road-kills of amphibians and reptiles in Turkey. We recorded 23 individuals (6 amphibian individuals belonging to 2 species and 17 reptile individuals belonging to 9 species) exposed to road-kills on the E87 highway on 18-22 June of 2016 in Kırklareli province while we found 134 individuals (114 amphibian individuals belonging to 3 species and 20 reptile individuals belonging to 8 species) killed on the E90 highway on 22-25 June of the same year in Edirne province The individuals killed more often belonged to Pelophylax ridibundus and Bufotes variabilis in Edirne province while the species more affected by road-kills were Pelophylax ridibundus, Lacerta trilineata, Dolichophis caspius and Testudo graeca in Kırklareli province.  The results of this short-term study show that there is a need for long-term studies to show that amphibians and reptiles exposed to road-kills are very common.
Analisa Biaya Pengobatan Demam Tifoid Berdasarkan Clinical Pathway Di Rumah Sakit Harapan Bunda
Authors: Hazmen Pieter , Kumala Shirly , Sarnianto Prih
Published: December 2019

Clinical pathways are used in quality and cost control with indicators of length of stay. Cases of typhoid fever at Harapan Bunda Hospital include the criteria for the first rank of High Volume in 2018 and Problem Prone in the cost of treatment. The purpose of the study is to analyze the cost of treatment based on the implementation of clinical pathways in antibiotic therapy. Observational research with comparative studies of the use of injection antibiotics based on clinical pathway implementation. Retrospective data collection with dependent outcome therapy variables (cost and length of stay) while the independent variable regimen of antibiotic use. The population of typhoid fever patients according to the criteria for the implementation of clinical pathway ICD code (A0.10) 571 patients. Samples using total sampling that fulfills the criteria of direct inclusion are made into samples divided by the antibiotic regimen of the payment system, the group with the least amount excluded. There were 4 observation groups: generic ceftriaxone (n = 52) branded ceftriaxone (n = 51), generic cefotaxime (n = 53) and branded cefotaxime (n = 57) totaling 213 patients. Satatistic test results of length of stay (p> 0.05) explained that they did not have a significant difference, the average value (5.1596). Medical expenses for generic cefotaxime (Rp 4,072,002,6792), generic cherryax (Rp 4,479,480,4808), branded cefotaxime (Rp 6,945,258,3333) and branded ceftriaxone (Rp 7,296,933,5686). Conclusions based on JKN (AMiB) antibiotic payment systems are cheaper than general and the cheapest cefotaxime cheapest generic antibiotics.
User Center Design Knowledge Management System Berbasis Android Pada Usaha Mikro Kecil Menengah (UMKM) Kota Bekasi
Authors: Retnoningsih Endang , Khasanah Fata Nidaul
Published: December 2019

Abstract
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) have a strategic role in development and have chosen as the main work program of the government. In order to compete, the SMEs must make technology as the main supporting infrastructure for UMKM activities. The importance of knowledge as a strategic asset in UMKM encourages the need for a knowledge management system (KMS). Knowledge and experience are sustainable resources as competitive advantages. Therefore, it is necessary to build a Knowledge Management System information system that is used to store and utilize the knowledge possessed to find solutions to problems that should be addressed by UMKM. The KMS will help UMKM to share their experiences and knowledge. User Centered Design (UCD) is the method chosen because each stage involves the UMKM Diskop and the UMKM users. Through the use of mobile technology, that is widely used by the community, an android-based knowledge management system was created to support the development of UMKM in the city of Bekasi.
 
Keywords:  Business Actors, Knowledge Management, SMEs, System Design, UCD
 
Abstrak
 
Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) mempunyai peranan strategis terhadap pembangunan, sehingga dijadikan program kerja utama pemerintah. Agar dapat bersaing para pelaku UMKM harus menjadikan teknologi sebagai infrastruktur pendukung utama kegiatan UMKM. Pentingnya pengetahuan sebagai aset strategis di UMKM mendorong dibutuhkannya sistem manajemen pengetahuan (Knowledge Management System). Knowledge dan pengalaman merupakan sumber daya yang berkelanjutan (sustainable resources) sebagai daya saing kompetitif (competitive advantages). Oleh karena itu perlunya membangun sistem informasi Knowledge Management System (KMS) yang digunakan untuk menyimpan dan memanfaatkan knowledge yang dimiliki untuk menemukan solusi dari masalah yang di hadapi UMKM. KMS yang dibuat akan membantu pelaku UMKM untuk berbagi pengalaman maupun pengetahuan yang dimiliki. User Centered Design (UCD) merupakan metode yang dipilih karena setiap tahapannya melibatkan Diskop UMKM dan pelaku UMKM sebagai user. Melalui pemanfaatan mobile teknologi yang banyak digunakan masyarakat, maka dibuat sistem pengelolaan pengetahuan berupa KMS berbasis Android yang mendukung kegiatan perkembangan UMKM kota Bekasi.
 
Kata kunci: Desain Sistem, Knowledge Management, Pelaku Usaha, UCD, UMKM
Animasi Interaktif Pengenalan Flora Dan Fauna Di Indonesia Pada SD 03 Cakung Jakarta Timur
Authors: Lubis Riski Aditya , Herlawati Herlawati
Published: December 2019

Abstract
 
In the city, elementary-school children are less familiar with flora and fauna. An animation application was proposed to assist them in learning flora and fauna as well as to help teachers and parents in teaching elementary-school children to understand the flora and fauna. Data were collected from various sources and the software to build such applications was prepared, i.e. Adobe Flash. To develop the application, a life cycle method was used, including: concept, design, material collecting, assembly, testing, and distribution. Testing results showed that the proposed application can be used as an additional learning material and help students to understand a subject more easily. In addition, teaching flora and fauna for children in Indonesia needs a strategy through additional facility in the class. To attract attention, it is necessary to create a class situation that makes children motivated to learn as well as the use of aids or media when the teacher is teaching. Also, the rapid advances in technology, especially information technology, encourage people to develop learning media that can be used anytime and anywhere outside the classroom. The proposed application was called Interactive Animation of Introduction to Flora and Fauna in Indonesia, and was implemented in SD 03 Cakung, East Jakarta, Indonesia.
 
Keywords: Interactive animation, Flora, Fauna, Instructional Media.
 
Abstrak
 
Sekarang ini, anak SD kurang begitu mengenal flora dan fauna. Animasi ini diharapakan mampu membantu mereka dalam mencari informasi flora dan fauna. Animasi ini dapat membantu masyarakat terutama orang tua dan guru SD bisa mengajarkan kepada anak-anak mereka untuk lebih mengenal flora dan fauna. Pengumpulan data dari informasi flora dan fauna dari berbagai sumber perlu dilakukan, serta menyiapkan software yang dibutuhkan untuk membangun aplikasi. Langkah berikutnya yaitu membangun aplikasi dengan adobe flash sebagai media pembuatannya. Dalam pembuatan animasi ini digunakan metode multimedia development life cycle, terdapat tahapan-tahapan meliputi concept, design, material collecting, assembly, testing, dan distribution dalam pembentukan kerangka pemikiran dalam multimedia development life cycle. Berdasarkan hasil uji aplikasi pada siswa Selain itu multimedia pembelajaran ini juga dapat membantu guru menyampaikan materi pengenalan hewan dengan lebih mudah. Mempelajari flora dan fauna di Indonesia perlu adanya cara atau strategi yang dapat memudahkan anak-anak dalam belajar. Untuk menarik perhatian, perlu diciptakan situasi kelas yang membuat anak-anak termotivasi untuk belajar. Salah satu caranya adalah dengan penggunaan alat bantu mengajar atau media ketika guru mengajar. Maka hasil dari penelitiran ini adalah sebuah program “Animasi Interaktif Pengenalan Flora Dan Fauna Di Indonesia Pada SD 03 Cakung Jakarta TImur Dengan Metode Multimedia Development Life Cycle”.
 
Kata kunci: Animasi Interaktif, Flora, Fauna, Media Pembelajaran.
Back to the future? Crisis of constitutional democracy and traces of a Bolshevik past
Authors: Shubhra Nagalia
Published: December 2019

Today, the world over a debate is going on regarding the usefulness of the forms of democracy that different states have adopted over time. The meaning and associations with the concept of democracy and its attendant political forms have changed at critical points in history. These changes have been attributed both to, evolutionary and revolutionary impulses that have expanded or transformed the ways in which democracy and the relationship of its political forms with the people had been primarily understood. The most enduring association of democracy with freedom and equality is a historical product that came into being with the onset of capitalism with its philosophical basis in political liberalism. The dominance of capitalist liberal democracy has given such stability to this association that “democracy” can no longer be imagined in any other political imaginary and that its associated meanings of freedom and equality are self-evident and inherent not only to the concept itself but to capitalism. The paper interrogates such ahistorical understanding of the concept of democracy and recuperates the radical history of contentions over its meanings and its most abiding political form i. e. constitutional democracy. The transcendence of national boundaries towards a global citizenship has put a strain on the fundamental operative terrain of constitutional democracy. The values of freedom and equality laid out in the Constitution premised on a liberal contract are more undermined today, than ever before with transnational capital and global citizenship breaking the bounds of constitutional purview. This has brought the concept and political forms of constitutional democracy into a state of crisis today. Can re-looking at the past traces of suppressed contentions over the meaning and forms of democracy give us any insight as to how we can work through the constitutional crisis today? If the meaning and associations with democracy is not eternal but historical, can we bring it them within other political imaginaries?
Fejer means of rational Fourier – Chebyshev series and approximation of function |x|s
Authors: Patseika Pavel G. , Rouba Yauheni A.
Published: December 2019

Approximation properties of Fejer means of Fourier series by Chebyshev – Markov system of algebraic fractions and approximation by Fejer means of function |x|s, 0 < s < 2, on the interval [−1,1], are studied. One orthogonal system of Chebyshev – Markov algebraic fractions is considers, and Fejer means of the corresponding rational Fourier – Chebyshev series is introduce. The order of approximations of the sequence of Fejer means of continuous functions on a segment in terms of the continuity module and sufficient conditions on the parameter providing uniform convergence are established. A estimates of the pointwise and uniform approximation of the function |x|s, 0 < s < 2, on the interval [−1,1], the asymptotic expressions under n→∞ of majorant of uniform approximations, and the optimal value of the parameter, which provides the highest rate of approximation of the studied functions are sums of rational use of Fourier – Chebyshev are found.
Hypersingular integro-differential equations with power factors in coefficients
Authors: Shilin Andrei P.
Published: December 2019

The linear hypersingular integro-differential equation of arbitrary order on a closed curve located on the complex plane is considered. A scheme is proposed to study this equation in the case when its coefficients have some particular structure. This scheme providers for the use of generalized Sokhotsky formulas, the solution of the Riemann boundary value problem and the solution in the class of analytical functions of linear differential equations. According to this scheme, the equations are explicitly solved, the coefficients of which contain power factors, so that along with the Riemann problem the arising differential equations are constructively solved. Solvability conditions, solution formulas, examples are given.
EKSISTENSI PEMBANGUNAN MASYARAKAT DAN DESA DI KAWASAN PERKOTAAN KABUPATEN PATI
Authors: Suroso Suroso
Published: December 2019

ENGLISHRealizing developed villages is a challenge for village development. This study aimed (1) to identify the existence of village development based on Village development Index (IDM) in the sub-districts having urban areas and (2) to analyze the needs of development based on the village typology. This study applied descriptive-quantitative approaches. This study was conducted in three sub-districts, namely Pati, Juwana, and Tayu. The primary data were obtained through interviews with competent key informants. Meanwhile, the secondary data were collected through related document observations. The study used descriptive analysis. The results of the study showed that the existence of village development in these three sub-districts had IDM growth, but only some villages were able to reach the higher-level during 2017-2019. The villages in Pati sub-district needed economic development (IKE), but the villages in Juwana and Tayu sub-district needed environmental development (IKL). Following the national policy, village development should consider the real condition of village typology, potencies and local characteristics. INDONESIAUpaya mewujudkan desa maju merupakan tantangan pembangunan desa. Tujuan penelitian adalah: (1) mengidentifikasi eksistensi pencapaian pembangunan masyarakat dan desa berbasis IDM di Kecamatan yang memiliki kawasan perkotaan; dan (2) menganalisis kebutuhan pembangunan berdasarkan tipologi desa di area studi. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif-kuantitatif. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Pati, Juwana, dan Tayu yang merupakan kecamatan yang memiliki kawasan perkotaan di Kabupaten Pati. Penelitian menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan dengan wawancara dengan narasumber yang kompeten. Sementara itu, pengumpulan data sekunder dilakukan dengan mereview dokumen yang relevan. Selanjutnya data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa eksistensi pembanguunan desa di kecamatan yang memiliki kawasan perkotaan mengalami peningkatan IDM tetapi hanya sedikit desa yang mampu mengalami tranformasi tipologi setingkat lebih baik antara kurun waktu tahun 2017-2019. Secara umum pembangunan desa di Kecamatan Pati lebih membutuhkan pembangunan ekonomi (IKE), tetapi pembangunan desa di Kecamatan Juwana dan Tayu lebih membutuhkan pembangunan lingkungan (IKL). Relevan dengan kebijakan nasional, pembangunan desa agar bertitik tolak dari kondisi riil tipologi desa, potensi dan karakteristik lokal desa.
The use of fluorescein in ophthalmic practice
Authors: Plotnikova Elena
Published: December 2019

The structure of the primary ophthalmologist appoint¬ment at the outpatient department has changed over the last 10-20 years. Universal computerization, the use of tablets and smartphones, being in air-conditioned rooms are accompanied by an increase in the number of patients with complaints of eye redness, dryness and discomfort. The use of vital dyes for biomicroscopy of the eye anterior segment is a simple and informative method for the early detection of diseases of conjunctiva and cornea. Practical recommendations regarding the use of fluorescein in the daily ophthalmic practice, diagnostic features of obtained patterns in diseases of the eye anterior segment as well features that help to assess the fit of contact lenses are giv¬en in the article.
Social Aspects of Big Data Technology Implementation
Authors: Balyakin Artem , Taranenko Sergey , Nurbina Marina , Titov Mikhail
Published: December 2019

Big Data is supposed to be one of the main traits of new coming digital era. Its technological aspects are usually widely discussed, whereas social peculiarities are mostly neglected. We present main approaches to Big Data, and argue that despite seeming revolutionary technology, Big Data can be treated as a new tool to produce knowledge. That means, it generates the same risks and challenges as other breakthroughs we witnessed previously. To our viewpoint, cultural aspects should be as counted as a main issue in Big Data implementation. Since the inability to control big data through prohibiting some peculiar features it possesses, we argue that one should focus on such practical steps as terminology improvements, and the evaluation of societal outcomes of the new technology.
An Educational Model of Graduation Project for Students at Automation and Computer Engineering
Authors: Rosca Sebastian , Riurean Simona , Leba Monica , Ionica Andreea
Published: December 2019

The upcoming engineers, students at Automation and Computer Engineering, acquire, during four years of education, a tremendous theoretical information in different areas connected with their educational field of study. From solid mathematical backgrounds to electronics and automation and many other subjects become a stock of incredible useful database for future engineers. The lack of adequate practical work that allow them to connect and get aware on how to use information acquired, lead, in most of the situation, to a useless database of information. This paper presents a model of a good practice work and aims to be a useful example for students in the last year of study on how to handle and realize, starting from one idea and finishing with a working prototype, their graduation project. The example here is a low cost, handy, a real time data acquisition and duplex wireless data communication system. It consists of two modules. The first one is a glove used by an operator, equipped with an Arduino board with a gyroscope, accelerometer and full duplex communication parts that sends movements commands to a mobile robot. The mobile robot is equipped with a camera sending video streaming related to the immediate space and a network of sensors with the aim to acquire environmental data and sent them remotely to the first module.
A Generalized MILP Formulation for the Period-Aggregated Resource Leveling Problem with Variable Job Duration
Authors: Tarasov Ilia , Haït Alain , Battaïa Olga
Published: December 2019

We study a resource leveling problem with variable job duration. The considered problem includes both scheduling and resource management decisions. The planning horizon is fixed and separated into a set of time periods of equal length. There are several types of resources and their amount varies from one period to another. There is a set of jobs. For each job, a fixed volume of work has to be completed without any preemption while using different resources. If necessary, extra resources can be used at additional costs during each time period. The optimization goal is to minimize the total overload costs required for the execution of all jobs by the given deadline. The decision variables specify the starting time of each job, the duration of the job and the resource amount assigned to the job during each period (it may vary over periods). We propose a new generalized mathematical formulation for this optimization problem. The formulation is compared with existing approaches from the literature. Theoretical study and computational experiments show that our approach provides more flexible resource allocation resulting in better final solutions.
Harvest of Southern Highbush Blueberry with a Modified, Over-The-Row Mechanical Harvester: Use of Handheld Shakers and Soft Catch Surfaces
Authors: Sargent Steven A. , Takeda Fumiomi , Williamson Jeffrey G. , Berry Adrian D.
Published: December 2019

Fresh market southern highbush blueberries are typically hand-harvested which requires an extensive labor force over a relative short period of time. With rising production costs and labor availability issues, interest in mechanical harvesting options is increasing. In 2017, an over-the-row (OTR) harvester was modified to reduce purchase cost while making hand labor more efficient. The picking heads were removed and dual worker stations were added on each side of the unit. Handheld olive shakers were suspended at each station. Experimental catch plates were installed on one side of the OTR harvester and soft, inclined surfaces over the rigid conveyors on both sides. ‘Meadowlark’ and ‘Farthing’ blueberries were harvested with this system and compared to those manually harvested by a commercial harvest crew. Samples from each harvest method were then commercially cooled and mechanically harvested fruit were commercially packed to determine packout data. Fruit firmness, bruise severity and composition were determined after one day at room temperature (22 °C) and after seven and fourteen days of storage at 1 °C. Average packout was very high for mechanically harvested fruit, 87% for ‘Meadowlark’ and 91% for ‘Farthing’. Initial firmness of both cultivars was lower for mechanically harvested fruit (208 g/mm) than hand-harvested fruit (243 g/mm). Fruit from the three treatments softened during storage, and although ‘Meadowlark’ remained firmer than ‘Farthing’ during storage, there were no differences due to catch surfaces. Hand-harvested fruit had no severe bruising (>20% of cut surface area) at harvest, increasing to 2% after seven days, while mechanically harvested fruit from both fruit collection surfaces had 3% initial severe bruising that increased to 22% during storage. ‘Farthing’ had slightly higher soluble solids content and significantly higher total titratable acidity compared to ‘Meadowlark’. Additional modifications must be made to the next-generation OTR harvester to further reduce blueberry harvest and handling impacts.
Erratum: Alvar-Beltrán, J. et al. Effect of Drought, Nitrogen Fertilization, Temperature and Photoperiodicity on Quinoa Plant Growth and Development in the Sahel. Agronomy 2019, 9, 607
Authors:   Agronomy Editorial Office
Published: December 2019

The authors wish to correct the following erratum in this paper [...]
A Two-Year Simulated Crop Rotation Confirmed the Differential Infestation of Broomrape Species in China Is Associated with Crop-Based Biostimulants
Authors: Hayat Sikandar , Wang Kai , Liu Bo , Wang Yue , Chen Fangjie , Li Pufang , Hayat Kashif , Ma Yongqing
Published: December 2019

In Yanqi County of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China, broomrape species (Orobanche cumana Wallr and Phelipanche aegyptiaca Pers.) contribute to significant losses of processing tomato and sunflower. During the past decades, a significant infestation pattern was observed between these broomrape species with no scientific peer-reviewed explanation. A two-year pot experiment simulating the crop rotation and an independent hydroponic experiment were performed to address the problem and indicate the main reason behind the differential infestation pattern. Different varieties of three crops (sugar beet, pepper, and wheat) were grown in rotation with tomato and sunflower to identify a crop-rotation induced control mechanism on these two broomrape species. Germination bioassays were performed in vitro to identify stimulation of plant biochemicals collected as methanolic shoots/roots extracts and root exudates on the germination patterns of broomrape seeds. Results indicated that sunflower broomrape soil seed banks reduced during the two-year crop rotation; however, Egyptian broomrape seed banks did not alter and the resulting parasitism significantly reduced tomato growth. Seed germination bioassays confirmed that the methanolic shoot/root extracts successfully stimulate sunflower broomrape seeds germination but fail to stimulate Egyptian broomrape seeds germination. Root exudates collected from hydroponically grown crops also confirmed differential germination patterns in both broomrape species. Current results are of vital importance to explain the control effect of a crop rotation system and moreover, lay the foundation to study the genetic evolution of broomrape species that results in their differential germination responses to natural stimuli.
Evaluation of Myosin Heavy Chain Isoforms in Biopsied Longissimus Thoracis Muscle for Estimation of Meat Quality Traits in Live Pigs
Authors: Park Min Young , Ryu Youn-Chul , Kim Chung-Nam , Ko Kyung-Bo , Kim Jun-Mo
Published: December 2019

Estimating meat quality prior to slaughter will be beneficial for the rapid identification of specific traits or poor quality pork compared to a conventional assessment at postmortem. In this study, we identified and quantified myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms from a biopsied longissimus thoracis muscle of pigs, and determined their correlation with postmortem muscle fiber characteristics and meat quality. MHC slow and fast isoforms proportions from biopsied samples correlated with postmortem percentage of type I and type IIB muscle fibers, respectively (p < 0.05). The percentage of the biopsied MHC slow isoform showed a positive correlation with pH at 45 min postmortem, and negative correlations with filter-paper fluid uptake and drip loss in pork (p < 0.05). Furthermore, clustering the pigs into three groups based on the biopsied MHC isoform proportions was not only significantly associated with muscle fiber number and proportions of muscle fiber area, but also correlated with pH at 45 min postmortem and the National Pork Producers Council color score (p < 0.05). Collectively, our findings indicate that the biopsied MHC isoforms serve as parameter for estimating meat quality, with the association between the higher proportion of MHC slow isoforms and pH at 45 min postmortem in particular being indicative of better pork quality.
Association of Rs339939442 in the AHR Gene with Litter Size are Inconsistent among Chinese Indigenous Pigs and Western Commercial Pigs
Authors: Zhang Qian , Huang Ruihua , Ma Xiang , Jiang Nengjing , Zhou Wuduo , Gao Chen , Zhao Moran , Niu Peipei , Zhang Zongping , Li Qiang , Zhou Juan , Li Pinghua
Published: December 2019

Eastern and Southern Chinese pigs have been imported to Western countries to improve economic traits including fertility in Western pig breeds by intensive selecting Chinese advantage genes. It was reported that the selected Asian-derived non-synonymous mutations including rs339939442 (G > T) in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) gene could increase litter size in multiple European commercial lines. The objective of this study is to identify whether rs339939442 in the AHR gene is polymorphic and has an influence on the litter size in 10 pig populations including five Chinese indigenous breeds, one cultivated breed, one lean-type breed, two North American lean-type breeds, and one European lean-type breed. We found that rs339939442 had polymorphism in all 10 populations, whereas rs339939442 was associated with litter size only in French Yorkshire (FRA-Y) and Chinese cultivated Suhuai (SH) pigs containing approximately 75% British Yorkshire pigs ancestry. Our results indicated that rs339939442 in the AHR gene was a potential marker to improve litter size in European commercial lines and the pigs containing ancestries of European commercial lines, whereas this locus maybe not a causal mutation affecting the litter size but only in linkage disequilibrium with the causal mutation for litter size.
The Dual-Purpose Hen as a Chance: Avoiding Injurious Pecking in Modern Laying Hen Husbandry
Authors: Giersberg Mona Franziska , Spindler Birgit , Rodenburg Bas , Kemper Nicole
Published: December 2019

Dual-purpose strains, with hens housed for egg laying and roosters kept for meat production are one alternative to the killing of male day-old chickens. However, dual-purpose hens seem to have additional advantages compared to conventional layers, for instance, a lower tendency to develop behavioral disorders, such as feather pecking and cannibalism. In the present study, three batches of about 1850 conventional layers (Lohmann Brown plus, LB+) and 1850 dual-purpose hens (Lohmann Dual, LD) each, all of them with untrimmed beaks, were observed during production (20–71 (56) weeks of life) in a semi-commercial aviary system. The aim was to investigate whether the hybrid and batch affected the occurrence of injurious pecking, and to identify a detailed time course of the damage caused by this behavior. Therefore, the hens’ plumage and skin condition were assessed as an indicator by means of a visual scoring method. The LB+ hens had higher production performances and higher mortality rates compared to the LD hens. Plumage loss in the LB+ flocks started at 23 to 25 weeks of age, and deteriorated continuously. The LD hens showed only moderate feather loss on the head/neck region, which started at 34 to 41 weeks and remained almost constant until the end of the observations. Compared to feather loss, injuries occurred in the LB+ hens with a delay of several weeks, with a maximum of 8% to 12% of hens affected. In contrast, skin injuries were observed only sporadically in single LD hens. In all batches, hybrid had an effect on the occurrence of feather loss (p < 0.05). Within the LB+ strain, the proportions of hens affected by plumage loss and injuries differed among batches (p < 0.05), whereas this was not the case in the LD flocks. Thus, severe feather pecking and cannibalism seemed to occur in the conventional layer hybrids but not in the dual-purpose hens, though both genetic strains were raised and managed under the same semi-commercial conditions. Therefore, keeping dual-purpose hens should also be considered as an alternative approach to avoid injurious pecking in laying hen husbandry.
Influence of Housing Conditions on Reliability of Immunocastration and Consequences for Growth Performance of Male Pigs
Authors: Kress Kevin , Weiler Ulrike , Schmucker Sonja , Čandek-Potokar Marjeta , Vrecl Milka , Fazarinc Gregor , Škrlep Martin , Batorek-Lukač Nina , Stefanski Volker
Published: December 2019

Immunocastration is a sustainable alternative to piglet castration but faces limited market acceptance. The phenomenon of non-responders has not to date been examined in detail, but adverse and stressful housing conditions (e.g., mixing of groups) might impair the success of vaccinations. Therefore, we evaluated the influence of housing conditions on the immune response after two Improvac® vaccinations at an age of 12 and 22 weeks, respectively. Boars, immunocastrates and barrows (n = 48 each) were assigned to three different housing conditions (n = 36 enriched, n = 36 standard n = 72 repeated social mixing). Immune response was quantified by measuring GnRH-binding and its consequences for testosterone concentrations, development of the genital tract and boar taint. Growth performance was evaluated via average daily gain (ADG). GnRH-binding and testosterone levels revealed that immunocastration reliably suppressed testicular functions after the 2nd vaccination. Housing conditions did not modify testicular function but influenced ADG as animals under mixing grew slower than those under enriched conditions. Gonadal status had only a slight impact on ADG except in immunocastrates, which showed a temporarily higher ADG after the 2nd vaccination. The results show that immunocastration is a reliable procedure under different housing conditions and competitive in terms of growth performance.
Review on Genomic Regions and Candidate Genes Associated with Economically Important Production and Reproduction Traits in Sheep (Ovies aries)
Authors: Gebreselassie Gebremedhin , Berihulay Haile , Jiang Lin , Ma Yuehui
Published: December 2019

Sheep (Ovis aries) is one of the most economically, culturally, and socially important domestic animals. They are reared primarily for meat, milk, wool, and fur production. Sheep were reared using natural selection for a long period of time to offer these traits. In fact, this production system has been slowing the productivity and production potential of the sheep. To improve production efficiency and productivity of this animal through genetic improvement technologies, understanding the genetic background of traits such as body growth, weight, carcass quality, fat percent, fertility, milk yield, wool quality, horn type, and coat color is essential. With the development and utilization of animal genotyping technologies and gene identification methods, many functional genes and genetic variants associated with economically important phenotypic traits have been identified and annotated. This is useful and presented an opportunity to increase the pace of animal genetic gain. Quantitative trait loci and genome wide association study have been playing an important role in identifying candidate genes and animal characterization. This review provides comprehensive information on the identified genomic regions and candidate genes associated with production and reproduction traits, and gene function in sheep.