bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Global disease burden attributed to unsafe sex in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Authors: Qiu Pei , He Hairong , Zhao Yuting , Yang Zejian , Li Shouyu , Ni Peng , Guo Yujie , Ji Chao , Zhang Chenchen , Zhang Huimin , Zhou Can , Wang Bo
Published: August 2023

Unsafe sex has become a public safety problem that endangers society, and research on deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) related to unsafe sex is valuable for global policy-making. We aimed to estimate the deaths and DALYs attributable to unsafe sex by country, gender, age group, and sociodemographic status from 1990 to 2019. We extracted data on disease burden from the Global Disease Burden 2019 (GBD 2019) database for unsafe sex, including deaths, DALYs and age-standardized rates (ASRs). Comparative analyses were performed on data about deaths, DALYs and the responding ASRs attributable to unsafe sex in different countries and regions using the Social Demographic Index (SDI). The global age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized DALY rate (ASDR) attributable to unsafe sex were 11.98 (95% uncertainty intervals (UI): 10.97–13.52) per 100,000 people and 570.78 (95% UI: 510.24–658.10) per 100,000 people, respectively. Both the ASMRs and ASDRs were the highest in southern sub-Saharan Africa and lowest in Australasia and decreased with increasing SDI levels. About unsafe-sex-related disease, HIV/AIDS has the highest ASMR [8.48 (95% UI: 7.62–9.95)/100,000 people] and ASDR [447.44 (95% UI: 394.82–533.10)/100,000 people], followed by Cervical cancer [ASMR: 3.40 (95% UI: 2.90–3.81)/100,000 people and ASDR: 107.2 (95% UI: 90.52–119.43)/100,000 people] and sexually transmitted infections excluding HIV [ASMR: 0.10 (95% UI: 0.08–0.11)/100,000 people and ASDR: 16.14 (95% UI: 10.51–25.83)/100,000 people]. The death and DALY burden caused by these three diseases were more serious in the over 75 years old age group. The 40–44 age group for men and the 35–39 age group for women had the highest population of unsafe sex-related deaths and DALYs, respectively. In addition, the burden of unsafe sex in women was more serious than those in men. Unsafe sex is an important risk factor for global disease burden and a leading cause of substantial health loss. We found that the risk of ASMRs and ASDRs attributable to unsafe sex had negative correlation with SDI levels. These results demonstrate that the need for revised policies that focus on efforts to reduce overall unsafe sex worldwide.
Broadband inhomogeneous lens with conical radiation pattern
Authors: Taskhiri Mohammad Mahdi , Fakhte Saeed
Published: August 2023

This manuscript presents a lens antenna with simultaneous broadside and conical beams. The lens is designed for the Ku band using the ray inserting method. The proposed conical radiation pattern is broadband due to good matching with the source and surroundings. The simulation is conducted using the CST microwave studio solver. Instead of complex antenna shapes used in other works, a simple circular patch ring and RF connector are used as the lens feed to generate broadside and omnidirectional conical patterns, respectively. To validate the performance of the designed lens and its two-port feed antenna, the lens structure is realized and fabricated using the 3D printing method. Polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) plastic material is utilized for constructing the lens in this work. The electromagnetic characteristics of PETG in the Ku band are accurately measured. The results of simulations and experiments demonstrate the good performance of the designed lens over a wide frequency bandwidth. The advantage of this designed structure over other works is its high gain and broad bandwidth.
Low-dose radiation induces unstable gene expression in developing human iPSC-derived retinal ganglion organoids
Authors: Katsura Mari , Urade Yoshihiro , Nansai Hiroko , Kobayashi Mika , Taguchi Akashi , Ishikawa Yukiko , Ito Tomohiro , Fukunaga Hisako , Tozawa Hideto , Chikaoka Yoko , Nakaki Ryo , Echigo Akinobu , Kohro Takahide , Sone Hideko , Wada Youichiro
Published: August 2023

The effects of low-dose radiation on undifferentiated cells carry important implications. However, the effects on developing retinal cells remain unclear. Here, we analyzed the gene expression characteristics of neuronal organoids containing immature human retinal cells under low-dose radiation and predicted their changes. Developing retinal cells generated from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were irradiated with either 30 or 180 mGy on days 4–5 of development for 24 h. Genome-wide gene expression was observed until day 35. A knowledge-based pathway analysis algorithm revealed fluctuations in Rho signaling and many other pathways. After a month, the levels of an essential transcription factor of eye development, the proportion of paired box 6 (PAX6)-positive cells, and the proportion of retinal ganglion cell (RGC)-specific transcription factor POU class 4 homeobox 2 (POU4F2)-positive cells increased with 30 mGy of irradiation. In contrast, they decreased after 180 mGy of irradiation. Activation of the “development of neurons” pathway after 180 mGy indicated the dedifferentiation and development of other neural cells. Fluctuating effects after low-dose radiation exposure suggest that developing retinal cells employ hormesis and dedifferentiation mechanisms in response to stress.
Gamma-induced interconnected networks in microporous activated carbons from palm petiole under NaNO3 oxidizing environment towards high-performance electric double layer capacitors (EDLCs)
Authors: Benwannamas Nurulsafeelanaria , Sangtawesin Tanagorn , Yilmaz Murat , Kanjana Kotchaphan
Published: August 2023

Activated carbons (ACs) were developed from palm petiole via a new eco-friendly method composed of highly diluted H2SO4 hydrothermal carbonization and low-concentration KOH-activating pyrolysis followed by gamma-induced surface modification under NaNO3 oxidizing environment. The prepared graphitic carbons were subsequently used as an active material for supercapacitor electrodes. The physiochemical properties of the ACs were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscope–energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms with Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The electrochemical performance of the fabricated electrodes was investigated by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Even treated with extremely low H2SO4 concentration and small KOH:hydrochar ratio, the maximum SBET of 1365 m2 g−1 for an AC was obtained after gamma irradiation. This was attributed to radiation-induced interconnected network formation generating micropores within the material structure. The supercapacitor electrodes exhibited electric double-layer capacitance giving the highest specific capacitance of 309 F g−1 as well as excellent cycle stability within 10,000 cycles. The promising results strongly ensure high possibility of the eco-friendly method application in supercapacitor material production.
Coherently driven quantum features using a linear optics-based polarization-basis control
Authors: Ham Byoung S.
Published: August 2023

Quantum entanglement generation is generally known to be impossible by any classical means. According to Poisson statistics, coherent photons are not considered quantum particles due to the bunching phenomenon. Recently, a coherence approach has been applied for quantum correlations such as the Hong–Ou–Mandel (HOM) effect, Franson-type nonlocal correlation, and delayed-choice quantum eraser to understand the mysterious quantum features. In the coherence approach, the quantum correlation has been now understood as a direct result of selective measurements between product bases of phase-coherent photons. Especially in the HOM interpretation, it has been understood that a fixed sum-phase relation between paired photons is the bedrock of quantum entanglement. Here, a coherently excited HOM model is proposed, analyzed, and discussed for the fundamental physics of two-photon correlation using linear optics-based polarization-basis control. For this, polarization-frequency correlation in a Mach–Zehnder interferometer is coherently excited using synchronized acousto-optic modulators, where polarization-basis control is conducted via a selective measurement process of the heterodyne signals. Like quantum operator-based destructive interference in the HOM theory, a perfectly coherent analysis shows the same HOM effects of the paired coherent photons on a beam splitter, whereas individual output intensities are uniform.
Deciphering the molecular basis of abiotic stress response in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) using RNA-Seq meta-analysis, systems biology, and machine learning approaches
Authors: Zinati Zahra , Nazari Leyla
Published: August 2023

Abiotic stress in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) may trigger distinct transcriptome responses, resulting in significant yield loss. More insight into the molecular underpinnings of the stress response can be gained by combining RNA-Seq meta-analysis with systems biology and machine learning. This can help pinpoint possible targets for engineering abiotic tolerance by revealing functional modules and key genes essential for the stress response. Therefore, to investigate the regulatory mechanism and key genes, a combination of these approaches was utilized in cucumber subjected to various abiotic stresses. Three significant abiotic stress-related modules were identified by gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Three hub genes (RPL18, δ-COP, and EXLA2), ten transcription factors (TFs), one transcription regulator, and 12 protein kinases (PKs) were introduced as key genes. The results suggest that the identified PKs probably govern the coordination of cellular responses to abiotic stress in cucumber. Moreover, the C2H2 TF family may play a significant role in cucumber response to abiotic stress. Several C2H2 TF target stress-related genes were identified through co-expression and promoter analyses. Evaluation of the key identified genes using Random Forest, with an area under the curve of ROC (AUC) of 0.974 and an accuracy rate of 88.5%, demonstrates their prominent contributions in the cucumber response to abiotic stresses. These findings provide novel insights into the regulatory mechanism underlying abiotic stress response in cucumber and pave the way for cucumber genetic engineering toward improving tolerance ability under abiotic stress.
A machine learning approach for thermodynamic modeling of the statically measured solubility of nilotinib hydrochloride monohydrate (anti-cancer drug) in supercritical CO2
Authors: Nateghi Hassan , Sodeifian Gholamhossein , Razmimanesh Fariba , Mohebbi Najm Abad Javad
Published: August 2023

Nilotinib hydrochloride monohydrate (NHM) is an anti-cancer drug whose solubility was statically determined in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) for the first time at various temperatures (308–338 K) and pressures (120–270 bar). The mole fraction of the drug dissolved in SC-CO2ranged from 0.1 × 10–5to 0.59 × 10–5, corresponding to the solubility range of 0.016–0.094 g/L. Four sets of models were employed to evaluate the correlation of experimental data; (1) ten empirical and semi-empirical models with three to six adjustable parameters, such as Chrastil, Bartle, Sparks, Sodeifian, Mendez-Santiago and Teja (MST), Bian, Jouyban, Garlapati-Madras, Gordillo, and Jafari-Nejad; (2) Peng-Robinson equation of state (Van der Waals mixing rule, had anAARD%of 10.73); (3) expanded liquid theory (modified Wilson model, on average, theAARDof this model was 11.28%); and (4) machine learning (ML) algorithms (random forest, decision trees, multilayer perceptron, and deep neural network with respective R2values of 0.9933, 0.9799, 0.9724 and 0.9701). All the models showed an acceptable agreement with the experimental data, among them, the Bian model exhibited excellent performance with anAARD%of 8.11. Finally, the vaporization (73.49 kJ/mol) and solvation (− 21.14 kJ/mol) enthalpies were also calculated for the first time.
Cross-species transcriptomics reveals bifurcation point during the arterial-to-hemogenic transition
Authors: Mo Shaokang , Qu Kengyuan , Huang Junfeng , Li Qiwei , Zhang Wenqing , Yen Kuangyu
Published: August 2023

Hemogenic endothelium (HE) with hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-forming potential emerge from specialized arterial endothelial cells (AECs) undergoing the endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition (EHT) in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros (AGM) region. Characterization of this AECs subpopulation and whether this phenomenon is conserved across species remains unclear. Here we introduce HomologySeeker, a cross-species method that leverages refined mouse information to explore under-studied human EHT. Utilizing single-cell transcriptomic ensembles of EHT, HomologySeeker reveals a parallel developmental relationship between these two species, with minimal pre-HSC signals observed in human cells. The pre-HE stage contains a conserved bifurcation point between the two species, where cells progress towards HE or late AECs. By harnessing human spatial transcriptomics, we identify ligand modules that contribute to the bifurcation choice and validate CXCL12 in promoting hemogenic choice using a human in vitro differentiation system. Our findings advance human arterial-to-hemogenic transition understanding and offer valuable insights for manipulating HSC generation using in vitro models.
Ablative radiotherapy improves survival but does not cure autochthonous mouse models of prostate and colorectal cancer
Authors: Schmidt Daniel R. , Gramatikov Iva Monique T. , Sheen Allison , Williams Christopher L. , Hurwitz Martina , Dodge Laura E. , Holupka Edward , Kiger W. S. , Cornwall-Brady Milton R. , Huang Wei , Mak Howard H. , Cormier Kathleen S , Condon Charlene , Dane Wittrup K. , Yilmaz Ömer H. , Stevenson Mary Ann , Down Julian D. , Floyd Scott R. , Roper Jatin , Vander Heiden Matthew G.
Published: August 2023

Background

Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) of cancer are powerful tools to study mechanisms of disease progression and therapy response, yet little is known about how these models respond to multimodality therapy used in patients. Radiation therapy (RT) is frequently used to treat localized cancers with curative intent, delay progression of oligometastases, and palliate symptoms of metastatic disease.

Methods

Here we report the development, testing, and validation of a platform to immobilize and target tumors in mice with stereotactic ablative RT (SART). Xenograft and autochthonous tumor models were treated with hypofractionated ablative doses of radiotherapy.

Results

We demonstrate that hypofractionated regimens used in clinical practice can be effectively delivered in mouse models. SART alters tumor stroma and the immune environment, improves survival in GEMMs of primary prostate and colorectal cancer, and synergizes with androgen deprivation in prostate cancer. Complete pathologic responses were achieved in xenograft models, but not in GEMMs.

Conclusions

While SART is capable of fully ablating xenografts, it is unable to completely eradicate disease in GEMMs, arguing that resistance to potentially curative therapy can be modeled in GEMMs.
Harnessing graphene oxide nanocarriers for siRNA delivery in a 3D spheroid model of lung cancer
Authors: Grilli Francesca , Hassan Eman M. , Variola Fabio , Zou Shan
Published: August 2023

Graphene oxide has been used as an effective nanocarrier for gene delivery in cancer cells in vitro.
Fabrication and in vitro investigation of hyperbranched poly-lysine-grafted warp knitted polypropylene sling for potential treatment of stress urinary incontinence
Authors: Zhao Shuying , Fang Meiqi , Li Yan , Wang Fujun , Li Hao , Wang Lu
Published: August 2023

Hyperbranched polylysine grafted polypropylene warp-knitted sling with mechanical compliance to prevent postoperative erosion.
Catalyst-free depolymerization of polycaprolactone to silylated monoesters and iodide derivatives using iodosilanes
Authors: Liu Xin , Kobylarski Marie , Berthet Jean-Claude , Cantat Thibault
Published: August 2023

We report the catalyst-free depolymerization of polycaprolactone with iodosilanes (Me3SiI and SiH2I2) into valuable functionalized monomer derivatives.
Dynamics of transition dipole moment orientation in representative fluorescent proteins
Authors: Khoroshyy Petro , Martinez-Seara Hector , Myšková Jitka , Lazar Josef
Published: August 2023

Dynamics of directional optical properties of representative fluorescent proteins illuminated by a combination of experimental and computational approaches.
The evolution of solvation symmetry and composition in Zn halide aqueous solutions from dilute to extreme concentrations
Authors: Dhakal Diwash , Driscoll Darren M. , Govind Niranjan , Stack Andrew G. , Rampal Nikhil , Schenter Gregory , Mundy Christopher J. , Fister Timothy T. , Fulton John L. , Balasubramanian Mahalingam , Seidler Gerald T.
Published: August 2023

Valence-to-core X-ray emission spectroscopy is combined with electronic structure theory and molecular dynamics simulations to quantify contact ion pairing in Zn halide aqueous electrolytes.
Electronic and photophysical properties of an atomically thin bowl-shaped beryllene encapsulated inside the cavity of [6]cycloparaphenylene (Ben@[6]CPP)
Authors: Sangolkar Akanksha Ashok , Kadiyam Rama Krishna , Faizan Mohmmad , Chedupaka Omshireesh , Mucherla Raghasudha , Pawar Ravinder
Published: August 2023

Atomically thin Be structure is stable inside the cavity of [6]CPP and provides opportunity to tune the electronic and photophysical properties for diverse applications.
Circularly polarized luminescence of natural products lycorine and narciclasine: role of excited-state intramolecular proton-transfer and test of pH sensitivity
Authors: Mazzeo Giuseppe , Fusè Marco , Evidente Antonio , Abbate Sergio , Longhi Giovanna
Published: August 2023

For natural product narciclasine circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) evidences excited state internal proton transfer (ESIPT), solvent dependence and dual fluorescence has been characterized.
Hydrophobic dye solubilization via hybrid imogolite nanotubes probed using second harmonic scattering
Authors: Dhaini Ali , Alfadel Raad Fadwa , Thill Antoine , Prelot Benedicte , Martin-Gassin Gaelle , Gassin Pierre-Marie
Published: August 2023

Second harmonic scattering experiments reveal the organization of hydrophobic dyes encapsulated inside a hybrid organic–inorganic nanotube.
Synthesis, stereochemical assignment, and enantioselective catalytic activity of late transition metal planar chiral complexes
Authors: Laws David , Poff Christopher D. , Heyboer Ethan M. , Blakey Simon B.
Published: August 2023

Planer chiral complexes emerge as powerful tools for enantioselective catalysis.
Physical properties of short chain aqueous organosulfate aerosol
Authors: Bain Alison , Chan Man Nin , Bzdek Bryan R.
Published: August 2023

Most physical properties of short chain organosulfate aerosol cannot be approximated by salts or similar sized organics.
Water-based eco-friendly fabrication of physicochemically crosslinked and highly wettable PU-rich electrospun PU/PEO nanofiber composites with exceptional chemical and thermal stability
Authors: Ohsawa Osamu , Mayakrishnan Gopiraman , Ge Yan , Zhu Chunhong , Watanabe Kei , Kim Ick Soo
Published: August 2023

Electrospun nanofiber composites derived from polyurethane (PU) or polyethylene oxide (PEO) have demonstrated exceptional chemical and thermal stability.
Functionalized cellulose monolith based affinity chromatography columns for efficient separation of protein molecules
Authors: Hinamoto Yusuke , Sugawara Akihide , Asoh Taka-Aki , Nandi Mahasweta , Uyama Hiroshi
Published: August 2023

Protein A immobilized cellulose monolith was fabricated as affinity chromatography carriers for selective adsorption and separation of immunoglobulin G (IgG) protein utilizing the affinity of Protein A towards the IgG antibody.
Interfacial engineering of a vertically stacked graphene/h-BN heterostructure as an efficient electrocatalyst for hydrogen peroxide synthesis
Authors: Zhao Yuying , Xu Xiang , Yuan Qixin , Wu Yuhan , Sun Kang , Li Bei , Wang Zeming , Wang Ao , Sun Hao , Fan Mengmeng , Jiang Jianchun
Published: August 2023

A vertically stacked graphene/h-BN heterostructure was fabricated and used for the electrocatalysis of the 2e− oxygen reduction reaction to synthesize H2O2. This strategy provides a new route for fabricating different vertically stacked heterostructures.
A photocatalytic traceless C–N bond formation/cleavage strategy enabling the use of (α-chiral) alkyl aldehydes as deoxygenative (chiral) alkyl radical equivalents
Authors: Bao Hanyang , Zheng Limeng , Liu Qian , Han Mingfeng , Li Ya , Bao Miao , Li Yuanqiang , Yan Pucha , Liu Yunkui
Published: August 2023

α-Chiral alkyl aldehydes were used as deoxygenative chiral alkyl radical equivalents for the first time in 4-CzIPN-catalyzed deoxygenative alkylation/cyclization of 2-biphenylisonitriles with alkyl aldehydes under photocatalytic conditions.
A novel HBI-based ratiometric fluorescent probe for rapid detection of trifluoroborate
Authors: Liang Gao , Minghao Zheng , Haiyi Liu , Jun Xiao , Tianhao Gong , Kunming Liu , Juanhua Li , Jinbiao Liu
Published: August 2023

A 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazole (HBI)-based ratiometric fluorescent probe, known as BTEP, was synthesized using 5-bromosalicylaldehyde as the raw material via Sonogashira coupling and condensation reaction.
Development of robust noble-metal free lanthanum, neodymium doped Li1.05Ni0.5Mn1.5O4 as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for electrochemical water splitting
Authors: Rajagopal Kayalvizhi , Kathiresan Murugavel , Rajaram Arulmozhi , Natarajan Abirami , Natesan Kumaresan
Published: August 2023

Li1.05Ni0.5Mn1.5O4, Li1.05Ni0.5 La0.10Mn1.40O4, and Li1.05Ni0.5 Nd0.10Mn1.40O4 as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for OER and HER applications.
Selective CO2hydrogenation over zeolite-based catalysts for targeted high-value products
Authors: Yan Penghui , Peng Hong , Vogrin John , Rabiee Hesamoddin , Zhu Zhonghua
Published: August 2023

Zeolites-based catalysts play a vital role in selectively producing methane, CO, methanol, ethanol, dimethyl ether, C2–C4olefins, aromatics, and C5+hydrocarbons during CO2hydrogenation.
NIR-II fluorescence and PA imaging guided activation of STING pathway in photothermal therapy for boosting cancer immunotherapy by theranostic thermosensitive liposomes
Authors: Long Qi , Yang Yuliang , Liao Fangling , Chen Haoting , He Dongyue , Li Shengliang , Li Pengcheng , Guo Weisheng , Xiao Yafang
Published: August 2023

A versatile PLDD was developed with the light-triggered promotion of anti-tumor immunity and NIR-II fluorescence and PA imaging profiles, soaring the therapeutic effect and providing accurate spatiotemporal imaging for photothermal immunotherapy.
A metal–organic framework-based fluorescence resonance energy transfer nanoprobe for highly selective detection of Staphylococcus Aureus
Authors: Qiao Jing , Chen Xuanbo , Xu Xingliang , Fan Ben , Guan Ying-Shi , Yang Hong , Li Quan
Published: August 2023

We report a nanoprobe for highly sensitive detection of S. aureus, relying on a MOF-based FRET process.
Enhanced stability and ultrahigh proton conductivity of hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks
Authors: Yang Qianqian , Li Xinyu , Xie Changsong , Wang Zhen , Kong Zhihui , Yang Jianjian , Kang Zixi , Wang Rongming , Sun Daofeng
Published: August 2023

A highly stable HOF-based composite (HDSD-1@Tp) was obtained by in situ reaction with HDSD-1. The introduction of NH4+ optimizes its proton conduction pathways, making HDSD-1@Tp-NH3 possess a high proton conductivity of 3.8 × 10−1 S cm−1.
Energy storage performance of NaNbO3 lead-free dielectric ceramics by doping Sr(Mg1/3Sb2/3)O3
Authors: Dong Qinpeng , Nong Peng , Pan Yue , Zeng Dafu , Xu Mingzhao , Zhou Huanfu , Li Xu , Chen Xiuli
Published: August 2023

Energy storage performance in NaNbO3 lead–free dielectric ceramics by doping Sr(Mg1/3Sb2/3)O3.
Efficient tensor model‐Toeplitz matrix iterative reconstruction for angle estimation with nested array
Authors: Zhan Chenghong , Hu Guoping , Zhao Fangzheng , Zhou Hao
Published: August 2023

This letter proposes an efficient tensor model for Direction of Departure (DOD) and Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation based on bistatic nested Multiple‐Input Multiple‐Output (MIMO) radar. Tensor offers a robust solution in characterizing multi‐dimensional data structures, ensuring data integrity, and has demonstrated remarkable effectiveness in the realm of multi‐dimensional parameter estimation. However, the complexity of traditional methods for constructing tensors is a major obstacle to practical applications. In response, this research introduces a novel approach that utilizes an iterative two‐dimensional Toeplitz matrix reconstruction method to rapidly derive expanded virtual covariance matrices prior to tensor construction. This streamlines the algorithm and improves efficiency. Numerical simulations have verified the superiority of this algorithm.
Improved direct current electrical properties of XLPE modified by graftable antioxidant and crosslinking coagent at a wide temperature range
Authors: Yang Xu , Zhao Hong , Zhang Chengcheng , Li Chunyang , Zhao Xindong , Yang Jiaming , Wang Xuan
Published: August 2023

To enhance the DC electrical performance of cross‐linked polyethylene (XLPE), the graftable antioxidant methacrylic acid 2‐hydroxy‐3‐(4‐anilinoanilino) propyl ester (GA), which contains carbonyl and amino groups, and the crosslinking coagent trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA), which contains carbonyl groups, are individually or co‐grafted onto XLPE. The slightly higher deep trap density introduced by higher grafting concentration of TMPTMA results in more significant suppression effect of conductance current and enhanced breakdown strength at a lower temperature, while the suppression effect for the conductance current at 90°C becomes weakened due to limited trap energy. Meanwhile, the deeper energy level introduced by GA suppresses the conductance current and improves the electrical strength of XLPE at 90°C more significantly. By co‐grafting, the conductance current of XLPE in a wide range temperature can be significantly reduced, especially for the temperature dependence of conductance current, which is beneficial to suppress the field strength reversal. The results of thermally stimulated current and molecular simulation show that the polar groups of two monomers introduce deep charge traps in XLPE. The co‐grafting system ensures the rationality of the crosslinking reaction kinetics and does not affect the cable manufacturing.
Non‐contact and anti‐interference diagnosis of SiC MOSFET module bond wire faults for EV wireless charging device
Authors: Ma Mingyao , Wang Ning , Wang Hanyu , Guo Weisheng , Wang Hai
Published: August 2023

SiC MOSFET modules are widely used for bidirectional wireless charging of electric vehicles. However, prolonged use can result in bond wire faults, leading to reliability issues. To address this problem, a non‐contact bond wire monitoring method that can be carried out using the charging coil of the wireless charging device is proposed. Here, two monitoring loops are constructed based on the circuit topology, and their impedance magnitudes are measured on the charging coil to avoid the influence of battery voltage on monitoring results. To detect the bond wire condition, the impedance magnitude difference of the two monitoring loops is chosen as an indicator, which is very sensitive to the bond wire lift‐off. However, the monitoring results may be influenced by the aging of resonant capacitors and the offset of the charging coil. In particular, the influence of the coil offset is significant. To mitigate this effect, a prognostic parameter calibration method is proposed. Experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method, which provides a promising solution for the reliable and safe operation of SiC MOSFET modules in wireless charging devices.
On the spectra of composite materials with different dissipation models
Authors: Bobyleva Tatiana , Shamaev Alexey
Published: August 2023

The article deals with the issues of qualitative behavior and methods for calculating the spectra of natural vibrations of a layered composite consisting of elastic and viscoelastic phases with dissipation. As a viscoelastic phase, it is proposed to consider a viscoelastic material with exponential aftereffect kernels, with aftereffect kernels in the form of Rabotnov functions, a material with Kelvin-Voigt friction and a material with fractional Kelvin-Voigt friction. A general scheme is given for studying the qualitative properties of the spectra of one-dimensional oscillations and a method for calculating one-dimensional oscillations, which consists in reducing the spectral problem to solving algebraic equations. The question of the convergence of natural frequencies of oscillations of composite samples to the natural frequencies of averaged boundary value problems, which are non-self-adjoint, is discussed.
Service properties of porous liquid glass concrete
Authors: Miryuk Olga
Published: August 2023

The article presents studies’ results of cementless lightweight concretes based on porous granular aggregate. Lightweight concrete components are specially synthesized from mixtures containing liquid sodium glass and thermal energy waste with various fineness. Thermal hardening of a matrix based on liquid glass and technogenic fillers at a temperature of 350ºС provided heat-insulating concrete with 480 kg/m3density and compressive strength of 4.7 MPa. The aim of the work is to study operational stability of lightweight concrete from genetically related components. Durability of lightweight concrete was evaluated in terms of hydro physical properties, resistance to frost and salt aggression, and cyclic heating. Methods of physical and mechanical testing of concrete have been used in the work. X-ray phase analysis and electron microscopy were used to study materials’ composition and structure. The results of complex tests showed stability of the structure of liquid glass concrete based on porous aggregate to the impact of operational factors. The lightweight concretes developed are characterized by a softening coefficient of 0.81; they withstood 50 cycles of alternating freezing and thawing, 20 cycles of cyclic exposure at a temperature of 1050ºС and 20 thermal cycles at a temperature of 250ºС; staying in aggressive sulfate and chloride magnesium solutions.
Intensity of Mass Transfer Processes in Concrete with Inhibitors in Chloride Corrosion
Authors: Konovalova Viktoriya , Rumyantseva Varvara , Korinchuk Mikhail
Published: August 2023

The article presents the results of a study of the effect of alkaline and alkaline-earth metal nitrates added to concrete cement stone on the intensity of mass transfer processes occurring during corrosion in a highly aggressive liquid chloride-containing medium. The studies were carried out on samples of cement stone from Portland cement of the CEM I 42.5 N brand with W/C = 0.3 in a 2 % MgCl2solution. As inhibitory additives, KNO3NaNO3, Ca(NO3)2, Zn(NO3)2, Mg(NO3)2were introduced into the cement mixture in an amount of 0.5 % by weight of cement. When additives of nitrates of alkaline or alkaline-earth metals are introduced into the cement mixture at the stage of concrete production, the rate of mass transfer corrosion processes decreases by 1.5 times. It was found that inhibitors do not have a significant effect on the change in the strength of concrete cement stone during chloride corrosion. The mass transfer indicators (coefficients of mass conductivity and mass transfer, the density of the flow of the transferred components) were determined, according to which the periods of reaching the limiting concentration of chloride ions at the surface of steel reinforcement in concrete during corrosion in 2 % MgCl2solution were calculated. To achieve such concentration of chloride ions at the surface of steel reinforcement in concrete without an inhibitory additive, it will take 174 days, in concrete with 0.5 % KNO3additive – 260 days.
Technology for the production of disubstituted pyrroles
Authors: Safarov Megli Djumayevich
Published: August 2023

In this work, we studied the catalytic synthesis of pyrrole and their derivatives from ketoximes and acetylene in the liquid phase under normal conditions in the presence of homogeneous catalysts. Mathematical modeling of the experiment was carried out using the Box-Wilson method and the optimal conditions for the synthesis of a number of pyrroles were found. The catalytic synthesis of pyrrole under vapor phase conditions in the presence of heterogeneous catalysts has been studied. Low-temperature polyfunctional catalysts have been developed that provide the highest yield of pyrroles.
Punching shear strength under static and dynamic loads
Authors: Trekin Nikolai , Krylov Vladimir , Andrian Konstantin
Published: August 2023

Modern domestic calculation methods and developed countries for determining the bearing capacity of monolithic reinforced concrete slabs for punching do not fully take into account all factors of design solutions and operating conditions. The available design provisions are made for the static operation of structures and there are no recommendations for taking into account the features of the dynamic impact on the overlap and the nature of the work of the node interfaces. The accepted empirical assumptions of the calculation, based on numerous experimental data, do not take into account the features of the stress-strain state of the coupling of the overlap with the column during destruction according to the punching scheme. This is due to the lack of computational models in which all the acting internal forces ensuring the resistance of the interface to penetration would be considered comprehensively. The complexity of the problem is due to the fact that the sections of the nodal interface are in an inhomogeneous stressed state. The stress-strain state of plates for punching under dynamic load is currently little studied. This article proposes a method for determining the bearing capacity of a symmetrical nodal coupling of a column with an overlap for punching under static and short-term dynamic loading. The proposed design model of the punching strength is based on the following prerequisites: the resistance to punching of a monolithic reinforced floor consists of the shear resistance along the surface of the reduced punching pyramid formed by the height of the compressed concrete zone; the strength of the concrete shear resistance increases due to volumetric compressive forces on the surface of the reduced punching pyramid; the angle of inclination of the faces of the punching pyramid depends on the loading speed. The obtained theoretical dependences are applicable under static and dynamic loading and are in satisfactory agreement with experimental data.
Settlement of foundation bases considering vibrocreep of sandy soils
Authors: Ter-Martirosyan Armen , Shebunyaev Alexander
Published: August 2023

Practice shows that the foundations of buildings located on a sandy base and transmitting dynamic loads to it receive undamped settlement, causing damage to structures and even the collapse of buildings, which best shows the relevance of the affected problem. The purpose of this work is to study and improve methods for quantifying the stress-strain state of sandy foundations operated under the influence of dynamic loads, taking into account the vibration creep of sandy soil. The authors conducted a laboratory study of the vibration creep of sandy soil under vibration on an experimental design of a soil dynamic ball viscometer and an analytical solution to the problem of foundation settlement under dynamic load. According to the results of laboratory studies, the authors have identified the relationship between the value of the viscosity coefficient η0 and the intensity of tangential τi and mean stresses σm, which is later used in analytical calculation. Taking into account the propagation of static stresses according to the dependencies of Kolosov G.V., the propagation of vibrations in plan and depth according to the dependencies of Savinov O.A., the change in the viscosity coefficient depending on the intensity of vibration acceleration according to Barkan D.D., Ter-Martirosyan A.Z., Sobolev E.S., a quantitative assessment of the settlement of the base was carried out. The dependences obtained by the analytical method are consistent with the tray and field results of early studies by other authors.
Peculiarities of the underflooding process in cohesive soils
Authors: Gryaznova Elena
Published: August 2023

The article deals with the peculiarities of underflooding of basements of buildings erected in cohesive soils. Conducted research has shown that a feature of these soils is the possibility of formation in them sporadically developed aquifer with a very low filtration coefficient. For this reason, this horizon is not always recorded during the survey and, accordingly, is rarely taken into account in the design. In order to save money, the construction is usually limited to waterproofing the basement walls and using loose material as backfill soils inthecavityslots.

Thus, in the backfilled excavation slots, a medium capable of accumulating water is formed. With thegradualfilling of this container, under the conditions of the impossibility of water drainage into the foundation mass, due to the small filtration coefficient and the creation of appropriate pressure gradients, as well as possible defects in waterproofing, there are stable leaks in the basements of buildings ready for operation.

The article analyzes the occurrence of such situations in a number of examples of erected buildings. The main sources of water ingress into the backfilled cavities of the excavation are indicated and a number of practical recommendations are given to avoid the occurrence of such situations in the future.
Crossbars of frame buildings when changing the sign of forces
Authors: Kurnavina Sofia , Tsatsulin Ilya
Published: August 2023

A large number of reinforced concrete frame buildings are located in seismically dangerous regions. In case of seismic impacts plastic strains and local destructions occur in elements of such buildings, which influence sufficiently on their bearing capacity and stress-strain state when changing the sign of internal forces. This fact is not taken into account in current Russian norms on earthquake-resistant construction. The numerical research of reinforced concrete beams behavior under action of alternating load with regard to elastic-plastic properties of concrete and reinforcement has been conducted. The evaluation of influence of plastic strain maximum value in tensed reinforcement on the relative bearing capacity of the beam when changing the force sign and on the limit value of coefficient of plasticity corresponding to the destruction of compressed zone of concrete has been made. The comparison of results of numerical simulation with the results of experimental tests of beams with the same parameters has been made, which has demonstrated good convergence of numerical calculations with experimental data both in terms of bearing capacity and deformations for plasticity coefficients less than 2.5. During the experiment it has been found that when changing the sign of internal forces the through cracks form in bending reinforced concrete elements throughout the entire section height, which close afterwards if the coefficient of plasticity for reinforcement deformations does not exceed 2.5. For greater values of coefficient of plasticity the through cracks closing doesn’t take place until the destruction of the specimens due to the rupture of reinforcement bars. According to the results of the study it was concluded, that the decrease by 40% of relative bearing capacity of beams compared with reference samples as the increase of coefficient of plasticity in the first semi cycle of loading takes place. Also with the increase of the coefficient of plasticity the three times decrease of the limit values of coefficients of plasticity, corresponding to destruction of compressed concrete, when changing the sign of forces is observed. The numerical calculations of beams models for 10 and 50 alternating load cycles have been conducted with cycle asymmetry coefficient equal to -1. The conclusion has been made that under the action of alternating load with the number of loading cycles not exceeding 50 and for maximum values of coefficient of plasticity not exceeding 1.62 the insignificant decrease of relative bearing capacity of beams, not exceeding 10%, takes place.
Analysis of reinforced concrete beams with indirect reinforcement according to limit state design
Authors: Manaenkov Ivan
Published: August 2023

When analyzing structures within the framework of the theory of limit state design, it is necessary to ensure sufficient reliability and safety at an acceptable level of risk. For these purposes, in engineering calculations, the mean experimental values of material strength are recalculated into design values. This article is devoted to the calculation of reinforced concrete beams with indirect reinforcement of the compressed area with transverse welded meshes for different accepted values of concrete strength (mean value of strength; design value of strength) and comparison of bearing capacity and deformations. For three series of tested beams, deformations were calculated at various stages of loading, and the bearing capacity was determined at the stage before peeling off the protective layer of concrete in the compressed area (operational stage). Calculations according to the method of the deformation model were carried out both on the basis of the mean experimental values of strength of concrete and reinforcement, and on the basis of the design values. It was found that in calculations based on the design values of the material strength, the ultimate deflections in some cases exceed the values obtained on the basis of the experimental mean strength values, which should not be. In this regard, it was indicated the need to calculate the parametric points of the design stress-strain diagram of concrete with indirect reinforcement according to the experimental mean strength values and only after that take into account the necessary reliability coefficients and obtain the final design values.
The stiffness of a reinforced concrete beam with random parameters the cracks formation
Authors: Deminov Pavel
Published: August 2023

The work of a reinforced concrete beam lying on an elastic foundation is considered, the deformation characteristics of which are described by a model with two Vlasov-Pasternak bed coefficients. The bed coefficients are considered as stationary random normally distributed functions of the x coordinate. Strength characteristics of concrete: cube strength and concrete tensile strength are assumed to be random variables with Gaussian probability density distributions. The concentrated forces approximating the columns of the building are applied at regular intervals and are assumed to be random normally distributed values. After the formation of cracks in the sections under concentrated forces in the beam, areas with a reduced bending stiffness are formed, and therefore the stiffness of the beam becomes variable along the length of the beam. The solution of the differential equation of bending of a beam with variable stiffness lying on an elastic foundation is proposed to be sought by a variational method minimizing the functional of the additional energy principle. The deflections of a beam with variable stiffness will be approximated by a function that satisfies the boundary conditions and the equilibrium condition. From the equality of the deflections of a beam with constant equivalent bending stiffness and deflections of a beam with variable bending stiffness due to cracking, the constant equivalent stiffness and its statistical parameters are determined. Knowing the constant equivalent bending stiffness of a concrete beam and using the known solutions of the bending equation of a beam lying on an elastic foundation with random properties, it becomes possible to find the probabilistic parameters of bending moments and shear forces and to determine the probability of the onset of limit states of the beam along the normal and inclined sections.
Face support pressure impact on the surface deformation during TBM tunneling
Authors: Nikonorov Roman , Rusanov Vladimir
Published: August 2023

There is currently an intense infrastructure development in large cities. One of the most significant projects are the structures for transport purposes, which include the subway. Underground structures construction in conditions of dense urban area is associated with the solution of complex geotechnical problems, such as ensuring the safety of surface buildings and structures located in the work impact zone and work safety during tunneling. Determination of the required tunneling parameters in the design process must take into account the difficulties of geological conditions and possible inaccuracies in defining these conditions.
Results Of Experimental Research Of Steel-Concrete Composite Beam Under Cyclic Freezing-Thawing
Authors: Istomin Andrey , Kudryavtsev Maksim
Published: August 2023

One of the ways to improve the efficiency and quality of reinforced concrete structures is the development and implementation of new building structures, the use of which ensures a decrease in material consumption and cost. These effective structures include steel-concrete structures. An important problem when using steel-concrete structures is to ensure the joint work of steel and concrete, which is determined by the adhesion of materials. Reinforced concrete structures must meet the requirements for safety, serviceability and durability. The question of the operation of steel-concrete structures with external reinforcement in the form of a box section remains poorly understood. At the same time, the question of the influence of cyclic freezing and thawing on the adhesion strength between the metal shell and concrete remains open. In order to identify the features of the work of bent steel-concrete elements with external reinforcement at alternating temperatures, experimental studies were carried out, the results of which on strength and deformability are presented in this article. Investigations were carried out in two directions: first, the influence of the CFT on the change in the adhesion strength between the metal shell and concrete under compression; the second influence of CFT on the joint work of concrete and metal in bent steel-concrete elements.
A new design proposal for composite beams with powder actuated shear connectors
Authors: Tonkikh Gennadiy , Chesnokov Denis
Published: August 2023

This paper introduces a proposal for the SP 266.1325800 code update, which is applied as a national building code for composite structure design in Russian and some CIS countries. The proposal is based on deep codes analyze and comparison and previous authors’ publications. The research is dedicated to nailed shear connectors’ behavior in composite beams with profiled sheeting. The proposal provides a less conservative approach for composite beams with ductile shear connectors and takes into account additional conditions, such as decking geometry and the structure’s performance under fire. The proposed methodology defines the main geometric characteristics of the composite cross-section before determining the shear connector type. If ductile connectors are chosen, it is recommended to use partial design methods for shear connection definition due to the economic benefits of the proposal. The proposal is verified on powder-actuated shear connectors and should be double-checked with other working examples and connector types. The results show that the structure designed according to the new proposal is 13% less utilized with a smaller quantity of shear connectors (22% less) under the same load. It provides benefits from the structure costs and labor time.