bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunogenicity of the Monovalent Omicron XBB.1.5-Adapted BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccine against XBB.1.5, BA.2.86, and JN.1 Sublineages: A Phase 2/3 Trial
Authors: Gayed Juleen , Bangad Vishva , Xu Xia , Mensa Federico , Cutler Mark , Türeci Özlem , Şahin Uǧur , Modjarrad Kayvon , Swanson Kena A. , Anderson Annaliesa S. , Gurtman Alejandra , Kitchin Nicholas
Published: April 2024

We report neutralization titer data against contemporary SARS-CoV-2 sublineages from an ongoing, open-label, phase 2/3 trial of a single 30-μg dose of monovalent Omicron XBB.1.5-adapted BNT162b2 vaccine. Healthy participants had previously received ≥3 doses of a US-authorized mRNA vaccine, with the most recent being a bivalent Omicron BA.4/BA.5-adapted vaccine administered ≥150 days before study vaccination. In this analysis, Omicron XBB.1.5, BA.2.86, and JN.1 serum neutralizing titers were assessed at baseline and 1 month after vaccination in a subset of ≥18-year-olds (N = 40) with evidence of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. Immunogenicity was also evaluated in a demographically matched group of participants who received bivalent BA.4/BA.5-adapted BNT162b2 in another study (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05472038). The XBB.1.5-adapted BNT162b2 vaccine elicited higher XBB.1.5, BA.2.86, and JN.1 neutralizing titers than those elicited by bivalent BA.4/BA.5-adapted BNT162b2. Overall geometric mean fold rises in neutralizing titers from baseline to 1 month after vaccination were higher among participants who received XBB.1.5-adapted BNT162b2 than those who received bivalent BA.4/BA.5-adapted BNT162b2 for XBB.1.5 (7.6 vs 5.6), slightly higher for JN.1 (3.9 vs 3.5), and similar for BA.2.86 (4.8 vs 4.9). ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05997290.
Quality of Life after Mastectomy with or without Breast Reconstruction and Breast Conserving Surgery in Breast Cancer Survivors; A Cross-Sectional Study at a Tertiary Hospital in GHANA
Authors: Nsaful Josephine , Nartey Edmund T. , Dedey Florence , Bediako-Bowan Antoinette , Appiah-Danquah Rita , Darko Kwame , Ankrah Levi Nii Ayi , Akli-Nartey Cynthia , Annan Jessie Yaoteokor , Dei-Asamoa Jessica , Ahene-Amanquanor George Amanquanor , Clegg-Lamptey Joe-Nat
Published: April 2024

(1) Background: Breast cancer is the leading malignancy worldwide and in Ghana it has a poor overall survival. However, approximately 50% of cases are early stage disease and with advances in breast cancer treatment and improvement in survival, quality of life (QOL) becomes as im-portant as treatment of the disease. (2) Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study of survivors who had breast conserving surgery (BCS), mastectomy only (M) and mastectomy with breast re-construction (BRS) from 2016 to 2020 at a tertiary hospital in Ghana, comparatively assessing their QOL using EORTC QLQ C-30 and EORTC QLQ BR-23. (3) Results: The study participants had an overall Global Health Status (GHS) median score of 83.3 [IQR: 66.7-91.7] with no significant differences between the surgery types. The BRS group had a statistically significant lower median scores for the Functional scale (82.8 and 51.0) and the highest scores for the Symptomatic scale (15.7 and 16.5). Body image was significantly lowest for the BRS group 83.3 [68.8-91.7] and highest 100 [91.7-100] for the BCS group (p < 0.001). (4) Conclusion: There is a need to develop support systems tailored at improving the QOL of breast cancer survivors taking into consideration the type of surgery performed.
Dry and Wet Spells in Poland in the Period 1966–2023
Authors: Wibig Joanna
Published: April 2024

The aim of this study is to present the spatial and temporal variability of the frequency of dry and wet days and dry and wet spells against the background of changes in precipitation and atmospheric circulation. The study is based on daily precipitation totals from 46 meteorological stations in Poland for the years 1966-2023. Additionally seven circulation indices were used: GBI, NAO, AO, EA, EA/WR. SCAND ana AMO. Dry days are defined as days without precipitation. Wet days are days with at least 1 mm of precipitation. It was shown that dry spells are much more common that wet spells, are longer and cover larger areas. Long term changes in annual characteristics of dry and wet days and spells are statistically insignificant. Only the length of the longest dry spell in the year increases. However, there are significant changes in their annual cycles. Spring is drier, in summer months, precipitation decreases in the south and increases in the north, November and December, symbols of gloomy rainy weather, are increasingly drier, rainy weather moved to January and February. The impact of circulation varies with seasons and NAO, Ao, SCAN and GBI indices have the strongest impact.
Hospitalisations Due to Dental Infection—A Clinical Audit From a Public Hospital
Authors: Ullah Mafaz , Irshad Muhammad , Yaacoub Albert , Carter Eric , Cox Stephen
Published: April 2024

Background: The aim of this audit is to evaluate the characteristics of dental infections requiring hospitalisations, which may help improve preventative and management policies.
Methods: This study retrospectively evaluated the patients’ records admitted to a public hospital due to dental infections between 2018 and 2019.
Results: A total of 102 patients, mostly in thirties with equal gender distribution were admitted with dental infections, presenting with pain (100%), swelling (99%), Trismus (40.2%), dysphagia (27.4%), fever (21%) >37°C, Tachycardia (24.75%) and Tachypnoea (9.3%). Most patients presented (68%) on weekends, outside regular working hours and public holidays. 54 (52.5%) patients had taken prior antibiotics. Dental Caries, smoking, mental health issues and illicit drug use were featured strongly. The majority of patients (56.4%) underwent treatment under local anaesthesia. The total length of hospital stay was 271 days (mean 2.66). Augmentin was the most prescribed antibiotics. Complications were reported in 8.8% patients, primarily related to airway compromise.
Conclusion:
Dental infections leading to hospitalizations continue to be a burden on the healthcare system. A notable finding was the presentations primarily on weekends, outside regular hours and public holidays and the majority requiring dental intervention under local anaesthesia. Provision of on call emergency dental services may reduce length of hospital stay and admissions.
Pyrethroids Have Become a Barrier to the Daily Existence of Molluscs
Authors: Saha Raja , Dutta Sangita Maiti
Published: April 2024

Molluscs are significant species in aquatic ecology. Molluscs are crucial for maintaining ecological balance as secondary consumers and serving as bioindicator species in biomonitoring systems. Molluscs are threatened by pesticides such as commonly used pyrethroid insecticides. Pyrethroids are typical insecticides used to control insects in agriculture and gardening. Pyrethroids are increasingly being utilized in both agricultural and human activities. Pyrethroids enter aquatic bodies through rainfall and drainage systems. The use of pyrethroids is becoming a significant concern for aquatic creatures, particularly molluscs. The discussion will focus on the increasing issue of pyrethroids becoming a nightmare for molluscs. Pyrethroids, due to their lipophilic nature, pose a significant risk to molluscs by affecting their metabolites, producing reactive oxygen species, and influencing neurotransmitter actions. Molluscs are crucial organisms in aquatic ecosystems, and their threats warrant significant discussion and attention. This review will delve into the behaviour of pyrethroids on molluscs.
Technology Acceptance Level of Dark Web Users
Authors: Çelik H.Eray , Ziyanak Serbest
Published: April 2024

“Dark Web” usually describes a new world of e-living space perceived as a place, free from con-straints, in which its main actors generally are criminal, unstable, and mentally disturbed individ-uals. Nowadays, advancements in information and internet technologies have made the Dark Web more accessible in recent decades. The Dark Web is a virtual world component; therefore, as-sessing users’ behavior may be crucial in understanding motivation to use it. This study aims to discuss the behavior patterns of Dark Web users within the theoretical framework of the technol-ogy acceptance model via a structural equation model. The resulting structural equation model showed that considered causal relationships were statistically significant.
Study on Fault Diagnosis Technology for Efficient Swarm Control Operation of Unmanned Surface Vehicles
Authors: Jeong Sangki , Kim Min Kyu , Pak Heayong , Kim Yoon Chil , Ji Dae-Hyeong
Published: April 2024

This study aimed to learn disturbance information to effectively control multiple small unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) for marine research purposes at sea. The learned disturbance information was used to investigate the control of multiple USV swarms based on the leading–following formation technique. Numerous studies have already been conducted on swarm control using drones in the air; however, there has been a paucity of studies on swarm control in the sea. Contrary to swarm control in aviation, the fluid density of the sea is high, and the environment is constantly changing; thus, a robot system would be significantly affected by disturbances. This ultimately influences the maintenance of swarm formations and the accomplishment of missions [1,2]. Therefore, it is difficult to control numerous moving objects while maintaining a formation at sea by using the existing aerial drone swarm control technology. To solve this problem, we learned a long short-term memory (LSTM) model with time-series marine environmental data to predict maritime disturbances. Thereafter, the model was applied to a mission-based position control algorithm of each USV constituting the swarm to design a marine unmanned floating vessel swarm control system that can be applied to various marine environments. Specifically, to effectively control numerous small USVs for marine research purposes, ocean currents are learned using the LSTM algorithm, and the predicted ocean currents are used to generate a swarm USV control system for USV formations. In this study, a control system model of several small USVs equipped with two rear thrusters and a front lateral thruster was designed. The LSTM algorithm was learned using the previous ocean current data, and the velocity of the following ocean currents was predicted. The predictions were then used as a system disturbance to determine the thrust of the controller. To measure ocean currents in the sea when each USV moves, the velocity, azimuth, and position (latitude, longitude) data from the GPS mounted on the USV were used to measure the velocity and direction of the hull's movement. Further, the flow rate was measured using a flow rate sensor on a small USV. The USV movement and position were controlled using an artificial neural network-PID (ANN-PID) controller. This study entailed a comparative analysis of the designed USV model results and those generated by the simulator, including the behavior control rule of the USV swarm and the path of the actual USV swarm at sea. It was verified that the effectiveness of the USV mathematical model and behavior control rules. By comparing the movement path of the swarm USV with and without the disturbance learning algorithm and ANN-PID control algorithm applied to the designed simulator, the position error and maintenance performance of the swarm formation were analyzed, and the application results were compared.
Sound-Evoked Neural Activity in Normal Hearing Tinnitus: The Effect of Frequency and Simulation Side
Authors: Safazadeh Shahin , Renken Remco A , Thioux Marc , Dijk Pim van
Published: April 2024

Tinnitus is a common phantom auditory percept, believed to be related to plastic changes in the brain due to hearing loss. However, tinnitus can also occur in absence of any clinical hearing loss. Then, since there is no hearing loss, the mechanisms that drive plastic changes remain largely enigmatic. Previous studies showed subtle differences in sound-evoked brain activity associated with tinnitus in subjects with tinnitus and otherwise, normal hearing, but the results are not consistent across studies. Here, we aim to investigate those differences using monaural rather than binaural stimuli. Sound-evoked responses were measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in participants with and without tinnitus. All participants had clinically normal audiograms. The stimuli were pure tones with frequencies between 353 and 8000 Hz, presented monaurally. A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the response in the auditory cortex revealed no difference in tonotopic organization, which confirmed earlier studies. A GLM analysis showed hyperactivity in the lateral areas of the bilateral auditory cortex. Consistent with the tonotopic map, this hyperactivity mainly occurred in response to low stimulus frequencies. This may be related to hyperacusis, which was associated with tinnitus found in the parahippocampus. This may reflect an interference between tinnitus and spatial orientation.
Beyond Entertainment: The Role of Nostalgic Content-Creation in Shaping Healthy Digital Communities -the Unique Case of Tim Rowett and Grand Illusions
Authors: Misirlis Nikolaos
Published: April 2024

This study examines Tim Rowett's YouTube channel, "Grand Illusions," which captures and maintains positive viewer engagement in the digital domain. Through a comprehensive YouTube channel analysis, this paper identifies key factors contributing to its success, including collaboration and influence, educational impact, legacy and continuity, personal style, and community engagement. Rowett, known for his extensive toy collection and in-depth knowledge of their mechanics and history, employs an educational and engaging presentation style that fosters a positive and inclusive online community. His approach entertains and educates, making him a valuable digital resource that inspires viewers of all ages. This research proposes the CECCE (Collaboration, Education, Continuity, Community Engagement) model as a framework for content creators seeking to replicate the success of "Grand Illusions." The study emphasizes the potential of tailored, passionate content to cultivate healthy digital communities and underscores the significant role of digital content creators in shaping online culture. The proposed framework will guide creators to achieve similar success.
Optical, Electrical, Structural and Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Undoped and Tungsten-Doped Vanadium Dioxide Thin Films
Authors: Tien Chuen-Lin , Chiang Chun-Yu , Wang Ching-Chiun , Lin Shih-Chin
Published: April 2024

The undoped and tungsten (W)-doped vanadium dioxide (VO2) thin films were prepared by electron beam evaporation associated with ion-beam assisted deposition (IAD). The influence of different W-doped contents (3%-5%) on the optical, electrical, structural, and thermos-mechanical properties of VO2 thin films was investigated experimentally. Spectral transmittance results showed that with the increase of W-doped contents, the transmittance in the visible light range (400-750 nm) decreases from 60.2% to 53.9%, and the transmittance in the infrared wavelength range (2.5 μm to 5.5 μm) drops from 55.8% to 15.4%. As the W-doped content increases, the residual stress in the VO2 thin film decreases from -0.276 GPa to -0.238 GPa, but the surface roughness increases. For temperature-dependent spectroscopic measurements, heating the VO2 thin films from 30°C to 100°C showed the most significant change in transmittance for the 5% W-doped VO2 thin film. When the heating temperature exceeds 55°C, the optical transmittance drops significantly, and the visible light transmittance drops by about 11%. Finally, X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to evaluate the microstructure characteristics of VO2 thin films.
Physical and Mechanical Analysis of Fiberboard Made Of MDF Residues and Phase Change Materials
Authors: Rodríguez Gustavo E. , Bustos Ávila Cecilia , Cloutier Alain
Published: April 2024

The wood-based panel industry is experiencing an excessive accumulation of solid residues from the production of medium-density fiberboard (MDF) panels and moldings. It is possible to create new MDF products with acceptable physical and mechanical properties by revaluing MDF residues. Additionally, those products’ thermal properties can be improved by incorporating phase change materials (PCMs). This study aims to develop a wood-based fiberboard made of MDF residues, capable of storing thermal energy. Two types of PCMs, two PCM ratios, and two types of adhesives were used to produce eight different types of panels. The vertical density profile, thickness swelling, water absorption, internal bond (IB), and static bending properties – modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) – were determined for each panel type. The specific heat of the panels was also determined. The results show the panels’ densities were greater than 700 kg/m3. Thickness swelling in water improved by 23% compared to the reference value of the control panel PCMs after PCM incorporation. The highest IB value was 1.30 MPa, which is almost three times the minimum required by regulation standards. The incorporation of PCMs reduced the panels’ bending properties compared to the properties of the control panels. Even though the values obtained are sufficient to comply with the minimum values set out in ANSI standard A208.2 with a MOE value of 2072.4 MPa and the values obtained are sufficient to comply with the minimum standards with a MOE value of 2072.4 MPa and a MOR value of 16.4 MPa. When microencapsulated PCM is used, the specific heat of the panels is increased by more than 100% over that of the control panels. This study develops a feasible alternative for using MDF residues: to create fiberboard that is capable of storing thermal energy and has adequate physical and mechanical properties.
Modeling flows with porous inserts using QGD-system of equations
Authors: Churbanova Natalia Gennadievna , Trapeznikova Marina Alexandrovna , Emets Vladislav Valerevich
Published: April 2024

The paper proposes a model for calculating the “free flow–porous medium” flow, based on a generalized quasi-gasdynamic system of equations involving the Darcy–Forchheimer terms. Test calculations are presented for flows in a channel containing a porous plug and in a lid–driven cavity partially filled with a porous medium.
Research on The Current Situation of Chinese Language Teaching in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Zhypar Sulaimanova
Published: April 2024

In today's world, global economic integration is accelerating, and the integration of countries in the political, economic, and cultural fields is further deepening. Language is a communication tool for countries to understand each other and an essential component of international cooperation. Today, learning foreign languages and spreading national languages are increasingly being incorporated into a country's foreign policy strategy, which positively impacts its internal development and helps it expand its influence to other countries. With the increasing popularity of Chinese language and culture abroad, the interest of Kyrgyz citizens in Chinese is also constantly increasing. It is essential to promote Chinese culture and the Chinese language in Kyrgyzstan. The teaching of Chinese in primary and secondary schools and universities in Kyrgyzstan, as well as the work of Confucius Institutes, have provided new impetus and energy for developing cooperation between the two countries. The article analyzes the opportunities and challenges of foreign language and Chinese language teaching in Kyrgyzstan through case analysis, comparative analysis, and literature review. The author concludes that the successful teaching of the Chinese language in education in Kyrgyzstan is inseparable from the political, economic, and cultural support of Kyrgyzstan and its partner countries.
Forty-Eight Years in Ottoman Service: General Inspector of Quarantines Dr Bartoletti Efendi and His Activities [1840-1888]
Authors: Yılmaz Özgür
Published: April 2024

Foreign specialists were employed in the Ottoman Empire's health services, particularly during the 18th century onwards. The Ottomans required international cooperation to implement reforms to combat epidemics during the global epidemics of the 19th century. As a result, many foreign physicians joined the Ottoman medicine service. Therefore, numerous foreign physicians began serving with the central health organization in Istanbul and the quarantine units established in the provinces. Some physicians made significant contributions to the Ottoman sanitary administration through their positions, time in Ottoman service, and activities. Dr Bartoletti, who was born in Istanbul in 1808, was one of these specialists. After medical education in Italy, he started his Ottoman service as a quarantine doctor and became a member of the Sanitary Council. He also represented the Ottoman Empire at the international medical conferences held in Paris, Istanbul and Vienna and performed important duties in Ottoman sanitary affairs during his forty-four years of service. By examining Dr Bartoletti's activities between 1840 and 1888, this study aims to contribute to the existing literature on this field.
Severe Hemodynamic Collapse During Humerus Stabilization with Photodynamic Implant
Authors: Sabharwal Samir , Boland Patrick J. , Vaynrub Max
Published: April 2024

Case:

We present 2 cases of severe hemodynamic collapse during prophylactic stabilization of impending pathologic humerus fractures using a photodynamic bone stabilization device. Both events occurred when the monomer was infused under pressure into a balloon catheter.

Conclusion:

We suspect that an increase in intramedullary pressure during balloon expansion may cause adverse systemic effects similar to fat embolism or bone cement implantation syndrome. Appropriate communication with the anesthesia team, invasive hemodynamic monitoring, and prophylactic vent hole creation may help mitigate or manage these adverse systemic effects.
Treatment challenges and outcomes of older patients with acute myeloid leukemia from India
Authors: Singh Suvir , Lionel Sharon , Jain Hasmukh , Rajendra Akhil , Nayak Lingaraj , Selvarajan Sushil , Samuel Prasanna , Ahmed Rayaz , Aggarwal Narendra , DS Pavitra , Byreddy Poojitha , John M Joseph , Mishra Kundan , Kumar Suman , Paul Mobin , Abraham Latha K , Kayal Smita , Ganesan Prasanth , Philip Chepsy C , Das Damodar , V Sreeraj , Mehta Prashant , PK Jayachandran , Raghavan Vineetha , Bala Stalin Chowdary , Ram Bharath , Majumdar Swaratika , Prakash Om , U Barath , Bagal Bhausaheb , Abraham Aby , Kapoor Rajan , Bhurani Dinesh , Sengar Manju , Mathews Vikram
Published: April 2024

Globally, overall survival (OS) of older patients with AML continues to be suboptimal with very little data from India. In a multicenter registry analysis, we evaluated 712 patients with AML older than 55 years. Only 323 (45.3%) underwent further treatment, of which 239 (74%) received HMAs, and 60 (18%) received intensive chemotherapy (IC). CR was documented in 39% of those receiving IC and 42% after HMAs. Overall, 100 (31%) patients died within 60 days of diagnosis, most commonly due to progressive disease (47%) or infections (30%). After a median follow-up of 176 days, 228 (76%) of patients had discontinued treatment. At one year from diagnosis, 211 (65%) patients had died, and the median OS was 186 days (IQR, 137–234). Only 12 (3.7%) patients underwent stem cell transplantation. Survival was significantly lower for those older than 60 years (p < 0.001). Patients who died had a higher median age (p = .027) and baseline WBC counts (p = .006). Our data highlights suboptimal outcomes in older AML patients, which are evident from 55 years of age onwards, making it necessary to evaluate HMA and targeted agent combinations along with novel consolidation strategies to improve survival in this high-risk population.
The Impact of Strategic Leadership on Strategic Performance in Higher Education Institutions: The Mediating Role of Change Management
Authors: Alamad Tamara , Alrawashedh Nahed Habis , Alhawamdeh Hamzeh , Harahsheh Alaa Ahmad , Zraqat Omar , Hussien Lina Fuad , Zureigat Qasim , Alkhawaldeh Bashar Younis
Published: April 2024

This study aims to identify the impact of strategic leadership (SL) in enhancing strategic performance (SP) using the balanced scorecard (BSC) approach in Jordanian higher education institutions. In addition to identifying what change management (CM) can provide in explaining the role of SL in enhancing SP. The study population consisted of all official universities in Jordan, which numbered (11) official universities. The study followed a comprehensive survey method, where questionnaires were distributed to all official universities. The sampling unit consisted of deans of colleges in official Jordanian universities. The sample size was 350 respondents. The recovered questionnaires were (238) questionnaires. The results of analyzing the study data indicated that there was an effect for all dimensions of SL on SP. The study also found that all dimensions of SL affect SP in Jordanian official universities. Finally, the results of the data analysis indicated that the CM variable plays a mediating role in the impact of SL on SP. Based on the results, the study recommends the need for Jordanian official universities to pay attention to strengthening aspects of SL among current and future leaders and raising them to higher levels.
Changes in biochemical compositions and salinity tolerance responses of different bread wheat cultivated in an arid and semi-arid climate
Authors: Norouzi Saeed , Akbari Gholamali
Published: April 2024

The present study aimed to investigate different responses of some wheat cultivars under salinity conditions. Accordingly, two experiments were performed as Petri and farm studies. Therefore, the effects of different salinity levels (control, 4, 8, and 12 dS.cm− 1) were firstly studied on seed germination indices and some growth traits of six bread wheat cultivars (Chamran-2, Mehrgan, Marvdasht, Narin, MS-89-13, and MS-90-13) using a factorial based on the completely randomized design in the Petri experiment for ten days in three replications. Then, responses of the best cultivars selected were compared in both normal and saline farms as combined analysis based on the randomized complete block design during two 2020–2021 and 2021–2022 growing seasons in three replications. The Petri data showed that germination responses against salinity levels were negatively concentration-dependent. The best germination prcentage, T50, shoot length, and leaf protein for all cultivars were obtained under the control treatment. Among cultivars, the highest germination percentage, shoot length, and leaf protein and the lowest T50 of all cultivars were achieved for the Chamran-2 and the minimum values of root length and root length stress tolerance index traits for the MS-89-13 × 12dS.m− 1 salinity interaction. Farm experiment data showed that maximum values for the plant height, 1000-grain weight, grain and biological yields, pigments, grain protein, wet gluten, and gluten index were achieved for plants grown under normal conditions and second year of the experiment. Chamran-2, and then Mehregan, had more proper conditions and had longer plants, heavier grain weight, and higher grain and biological yields. However, the maxium values for wet gluten and gluten index indices were obtained for Mehregan and Narin cultivars, respectively. The highest straw yield was obtained under Chamran-2 cultivar×Normal farm×Second year interaction. The highest catalase activity were recorded for saline conditions and first year of the experiment and the highest superoxide dismutase activity was observed for the Narin cultivar×Saline conditions×Second year interaction. Eventually, considering the predominant characteristics of the farm experiments, Chamran-2 and Mehrgan cultivars can be cultivated in the southern regions of Iran and similar areas as a reference.
Analysis of influencing factors on survival prognosis of hemodialysis patients
Authors: Jiang Bin , Ma Xiaoli
Published: April 2024

Background
Maintenance hemodialysis patients often have various comorbidities, which affect the quality of life of patients. We aimed to investigate the factors influencing the survival and prognosis of dialysis patients.
Methods
The admitted dialysis patients in our hospital from 2016 to 2018 were followed up. The general data, dialysis treatment indexes and test indexes of death group and survival group were compared, and the influence of the above indices on survival prognosis was analyzed.
Results
COX proportional hazard regression model analysis demonstrated that age (RR = 1.036, P = 0.000), primary disease (RR = 0.258, P = 0.003), diabetes (RR = 4.400, P = 0.001), initial pathway (RR = 0.390, P = 0.000) and dialysis frequency (RR = 0.532, P = 0.000) were the factors influencing the survival time of dialysis patients.
Conclusions
Old age, diabetes mellitus, central venous catheterization and low dialysis frequency are risk factors to reduce survival time of patients. Further observation of the dynamic changes of the above indicators to explore their correlation with survival prognosis may have more guiding value in clinical work.
Do preventive child examinations in general practice reduce the risk of overweight and obesity?
Authors: Heuckendorff Signe , Brund Rene , Eggertsen Charlotte , Thomsen Janus , Fonager Kirsten
Published: April 2024

Objective: This study aims to investigate the association between attendance at routine preventive child health examinations in general practice and the risk of overweight and obesity in Danish children at age six, with a specific focus on children of parents with psychosocial risk factors.
Methods: Utilizing nationwide Danish registers, a population-based birth cohort of 725 926 children born between 2000-2012 was analyzed. Information on preventive health examination attendance and BMI data were obtained. Statistical analyses, including modified Poisson regression, were conducted to assess the relationship between examination attendance and overweight/obesity risk.
Results: The study found no significant association between attending these examinations and a reduced risk of overweight at age six in the overall population. In the subgroup of children of parents having 10 years of education of less, non-attendance was associated with a slightly increased risk of overweight, ranging from eight to nine percent. Regarding obesity risk, a dose-response correlation was observed, indicating that missing examinations increased the risk of obesity. Children of parents with psychosocial risk factors, particularly those with parents of low educational attainment, faced increased obesity risks, with the highest risk observed in children of parents with 10 years of education or less who missed all examinations, showing a four- to five-fold increase compared to children of parents with 14 years of the education or more attending all or missing only one exam (reference).
Conclusion: Although routine preventive child health examinations may not directly reduce the risk of overweight, they could potentially mitigate obesity risk, especially in vulnerable populations. Further research is warranted to understand the underlying mechanisms and to develop targeted interventions to address health disparities in childhood obesity.
Investigation of oceanic wave solutions to a modified (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schrodinger coupled system
Authors: Oluwasegun Kayode , Ajibola Samuel , Akpan Udoh , Akinyemi Lanre , Senol Mehmet
Published: April 2024

This paper explores the oceanic wave characteristics exhibited by a modified integrable generalized (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schrodinger system of equations through variable coefficients. Two newly modified methods, specifically the improved nonlinear Ricatti equation method and the improved sub-equation method, have been proposed to investigate the aforementioned nonlinear system. Through the utilization of these methods, we successfully obtain traveling and solitary waves solutions for this nonlinear system. We emphasize several constraint conditions that serve to guarantee the existence of these solutions. More comprehensive information about the physical dynamical representation of some of the solutions presented is illustrated through graphical depictions. The Mathematica software package is employed to produce both three-dimensional and their corresponding contour plots, thereby improving the visualization and comprehension of the solutions. This paper illustrates that the two proposed approaches provide straightforward and efficient means of acquiring various types of soliton, rational, trigonometric, hyperbolic and exponential solutions. Moreover, they present a more potent mathematical tool for addressing a variety of other nonlinear partial differential equations that hold significance in the field of applied science and engineering.
A damaged sawtooth detection system based on YOLOv5
Authors: 王 晨羽 , Li Guoping , 毕 俊波
Published: April 2024

In the tool processing industry, the problem of tool tooth breakage often occurs, so the location, detection and identification of the damaged tooth are very important for the high-precision machining of equipment with sawtooth. Aiming at the problem of low accuracy of existing algorithms for small targets, this paper designs an improved YOLOv5 damaged tooth detection algorithm to improve the detection accuracy. In this paper, we first make a data set about damaged sawteeth. Then add a small target detection layer to improve the feature extraction ability of the model. Then the RCSOSA backbone network is used to replace the YOLOv5 backbone network to further enhance the feature extraction capability of the model. Finally, ECA attention mechanism is added to enhance the channel features of the feature map. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the improved YOLOv5 algorithm reaches 92.8%, and the recall rate and average accuracy are increased by 9.9% and 7.6% compared with the original YOLOv5.
Verhandlungen von Künstlicher Intelligenz und zugehörigen Medienkompetenzen in Online-Kommentaren
Authors: Sūna Laura , Hoffmann Dagmar
Published: April 2024

Der Beitrag analysiert, wie Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) und die zugehörigen Medienkompetenzen in Online-Kommentarspalten von Nutzer:innen verhandelt werden. Im Zentrum der empirischen Untersuchung stehen Online-Kommentare, die auf Nachrichtenportalen bzw. zu Beiträgen über KI auf Plattformen wie Instagram, YouTube sowie Facebook verfasst wurden und einen Teil des öffentlichen Diskurses über KI sichtbar machen können. Durch die Beschreibung der Verständigung über KI zeigt die vorliegende Studie auf, wie KI-Narrative in der Argumentation um Technikfolgenabschätzung aufgegriffen werden. Das schliesst Vorstellungen über KI und KI-bezogene Kompetenzen ein und veranschaulicht nicht zuletzt, inwieweit KI-bezogene Kompetenzen von den Kommentator:innen sowohl für ihre eigene Lebensführung und Alltagsbewältigung als auch für die Gesellschaft allgemein als bedeutsam erachtet werden. Identifiziert werden technikoptimistische und dystopische, technikpessimistische Narrative, wie man sie mitunter aus Science-Fiction kennt. Beide Narrative gelten als essenzielle Referenz für das Wissen der Kommentierenden über KI, zudem prägen sie deren Meinung zu dieser Querschnitttechnologie. Vor dem Hintergrund des Selbstbildes eines kompetenten Bürgers/einer kompetenten Bürgerin und des überspitzten Fremdbildes von wenig kompetenten Mitbürger:innen werden diverse Kompetenzanforderungen an die Gesellschaft reklamiert. Die sich als kompetent ausgebenden Nutzer:innen fordern die Aneignung umfassenden Wissens über KI-Technologien, eine kritisch-reflexive Bewertungs-, Daten- und Informationskompetenz sowie eine affektiv-soziale Medienkompetenz.
MAGNETIC RESONANCE AND COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF PRIMARY FALLOPIAN TUBE CANCER
Authors: Sumtsov Dmytro , Skulbeda Artem , Sumtsov Georgy , Nikitina Iryna
Published: April 2024

Primary fallopian tube cancer (PTC) is a rare, highly malignant and difficult to diagnose disease. It accounts for 1.3–1.8% of all cases of cancer of the female genital organs and at least 4–6% of cancer of the uterine appendages. Epidemiological studies indicate an increase in the incidence of PTС. For example, according to American authors, from 2001 to 2014, it increased 4 times. Clinical manifestations of PTС are nonspecific and in the early stages of development, the tumor is disguised as other diseases, such as hydro-hematosalpinx, chronic inflammatory diseases, ovarian-menstrual cycle disorders, uterine leiomyoma, and others. Even in specialized oncology hospitals, reliable preoperative diagnoses range from 0 to 10-13%, and in the general medical network, even during operations, false diagnoses reach 50%. Without additional methods of examination, it is almost impossible to make a reliable diagnosis of PTС before surgery. Previously, for the purpose of diagnosing primary fallopian tube cancer, X-ray methods were used, then sonography, and nowadays magnetic resonance tomography (MRT) and computer tomography (CT) have started to be used in parallel with sonography.
The aim of the study: to demonstrate cases of examination and diagnosis of primary fallopian tube cancer before surgery by MRT and to review the literature on the specified problem.
Materials and methods: the study was conducted on the basis of the Sumy Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary during 2015-2022. Four patients were examined by the magnetic resonance method and 15 women by the computer tomography method; an analysis of 26 scientific sources of the world's periodical literature on the problems of MRІ diagnosis of PTC was carried out; statistical processing of the material.
Results and discussion: In almost two patients with primary fallopian tube cancer examined by MRT, correct diagnoses were made before surgery, and out of 15 examined by the CT method, only two cases revealed a suspicion of PTC.
Conclusions. In the diagnosis of primary fallopian tube cancer, MRT has significantly greater capabilities than sonography and computer tomography.
Numerical modelling of the warping behaviour at the first layer-build plate interface in 3D-printed models produced via the fused deposition modelling process
Authors: Ramful Raviduth
Published: April 2024

The material structure of 3D-models printed via the fused deposition modelling (FDM) technique is mainly affected in the z-direction of the 3D-print as a result of the layer-by-layer approach which tend to exhibit a deformation behavior corresponding to a type of transversely orthotropic material. Moreover, uncontrolled parameters such as printing temperature and printing speed have been reported to adversely affect 3D-print quality leading to undesired effects such as distortion and warpage. The additive manufacturing process is a relatively new field in advanced manufacturing where further research and innovation are required to overcome the limited strength and structural performance observed in presently 3D-printed components. In line with the above, this study proposes the numerical investigation of the warping behavior in PLA (Polylactic acid) - based 3D printed models by considering the finite element method (FEM) software of LS-DYNA. The warping investigation was specifically centered on the cooling cycle prevailing between the layer-by-layer structures. The findings of this study showed that warpage would most likely occur in the thermal process model corresponding to abrupt change in temperature due to a buildup of strain between the bottom most layers of the 3D model and the build plate. The findings of this study, which shed light on the warping behaviour in 3D-models, has direct implications on the final quality of 3D-printed components.
Methods of detection and localization of the sources of noise and vibration on car gearboxes: a review
Authors: Sann Samnang , Tomeh Elias , Petr Tomas
Published: April 2024

One of the primary sources of noise and vibration in automobiles is gearboxes. Shafts, gears, and bearings are the main causes of noise and vibration in vehicle gearboxes. Various studies have reported that vibrations’ root cause is bearing excitation. Besides bearing fatal defects or extreme structure resonance amplification, gear mesh is the primary source of high-frequency vibration and noise, even in newly built units. Gear damage detection is frequently crucial in automotive gearboxes and vehicle safety. Furthermore, vibrations caused by shaft imbalances, shaft misalignments, and other factors can cause noise and vibrations in the drivetrain's transfer path. In addition, the vibration of an automobile gearbox is closely related to poor design, construction quality, and production accuracy. This paper reviewed previous research and methods on car gearboxes for conventional vehicles. It was obvious that frequency analysis and order analysis were commonly used in noise and vibration analysis on car gearboxes. Envelope analysis is usually used to analyze bearing faults. Finally, rolling-element bearing diagnostic techniques were also reviewed.
Station Rotation Teaching Korean Grammar to Potential Foreign Language Teachers
Authors: Larionova Irina
Published: April 2024

In this article, the author presents the technology of organizing classes in Korean as a second foreign language based on the method of station rotation teaching. According to the method, the class is divided into independent groups with independent learning paths, information sources, and assessment. As a result, students take responsibility for their own learning. The research objective was to substantiate and provide methodological support for the process of teaching Korean grammar based on the technology of training stations. The list of research methods included interview, testing, and observation. The experiment featured students who studied Korean as a second foreign language at the East Kazakhstan University. The article describes the learning path and provides sample tasks for each stage. The effectiveness was tested using some diagnostic tools and five-point scale evaluation criteria developed by the author. The experiment considered some specifics of teaching Korean grammar to Russian-speaking students. For instance, the Korean language knows a variety of ways to express a goal with further specification; it is impossible to explain grammatical forms by translating them into Russian; grammatical forms of indirect speech are based on subordinate citation, etc. The assessment showed definite positive results in the development of grammatical skills. The method of station rotation teaching proved effective in teaching Korean grammar to university students and self-acquisition of grammatical knowledge.
Exploring the Soil-water Retention Characteristics for Unsaturated Soil Using Coconut Shell Waste for Subgrade Improvement
Authors: Hafiz Harith , Kechik Fakhrurazi Awang , Ibrahim Aniza , Misnon Noor Aina , Daud Mohd. Nazrin Mohd , Abu Hassan ZulkifliI
Published: April 2024

Introduction

Suction distribution has a major impact on the stability of unsaturated soil because it affects seepage and shear strength. The Air Entry Value (AEV) and Residual Water Content (RWC) variations determine the Soil-Water Characteristic Curve (SWCC), which is a crucial component of suction distribution. The subgrade is submerged in water during a flood event, which has an impact on the AEV and RWC, and lowers their performance. Crushed Coconut Shell (CCS), a waste product, has been recycled in this study and used as an addition to increase subgrade strength by enhancing AEV and RWC. Currently, researchers abroad confirm that CCS improves subgrade performance. Nevertheless, the optimum content of the soil-CCS mixture varies based on the soil type of the respective regions. Moreover, there is a lack of scholarly research examining the enhancement of AEV and RWC affected by CCS following a flood occurrence.

Aim

This research study sought to determine the deviations of AEV and RWC for the optimum CCS content of unsaturated soil in Malaysia.

Methods

In this research, control samples and soil mixed with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, and 2.5% of CCS were used. The pressure plate extractor equipment and analysis generate SWCC, which characterises the AEV and RWC parameters and quantifies the performance of submerged subgrade because of a flood event.

Results

The outcome revealed a significantly higher AEV for mixed soil as compared to the control sample. The AEV for the control sample was 10 kPa, whereas that for the optimum mixture of soil-CCS of 0.5% was 25 kPa. Therefore, it has been confirmed that the use of CCS has a positive impact on AEV and RWC. This, in turn, is expected to improve the overall performance of the subgrade when subjected to submersion in water.

Conclusion

The objective of this study was to assess the characteristics and potential applications of hazardous waste by transforming it into a soil improvement agent. This research supports Chapter 8 of the 12th Malaysia Plan 2021–2025: Environmental Sustainability: Improving Resilience to Climate Change and Disasters, and Chapter 6 of the Green Technology Master Plan Malaysia 2017–2030: Waste.
Work Stress and Professional Burnout in Greek Police Officers
Authors: Kostas Christos , Vlastos Dimitris D. , Theofilou Paraskevi
Published: April 2024

Background

The purpose of the study was to explore the views of Greek police officers on the factors that may cause occupational stress and contribute to the development of burnout.

Methods

The study was conducted during the months of February to May 2023 and the sample of the study consisted of 101 active police officers working in various departments and regions of Greece. The research instrument was a questionnaire consisting of four parts (demographic data, two job stress scales and a burnout scale).

Results

The results of the study show that Greek police officers have moderate levels of occupational stress, while it was found that they are not particularly affected by burnout syndrome. It was also shown that their demographic characteristics affect their job stress and burnout. More specifically, it was found that occupational stress among male police officers was lower than among female police officers. Complementarily, this study indicated that police officers did not show a higher mean level on the dimensions of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization but a higher mean level on the dimension of personal achievement.

Conclusion

Therefore, from the overall results, the police officers involved in our study do not seem to be particularly affected by burnout syndrome. It is worth mentioning that the good prevention practices suggested in the study's discussion on managing occupational stress will contribute to the improvement of the police profession in Greece and further reduce the levels of occupational stress and burnout.
ئەركەكانی ناونیشان لە دەقدا، شیعری جەلالی مەلەكشا بەنموونە
Authors: Qadir Abbas Muhammed
Published: April 2024

The title has a crucial role in a literal text. Writers thoroughly deal with it because the title is the initial point where the reading of the text begins. Readers construct their standpoints on the text according to the title; in other words, this standpoint, which always comes into existence from the title, makes them read the text. Gerard Genette, who was a thinker, theorist, and critic, has given the title some duties in texts. In this research, we have identified those duties to analyze the titles of some of Jalal Malaksha’s texts; moreover, he was one of those poets who had cautiously chosen the titles of his texts.