bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The mismatch between experimental and computational fluid dynamics analyses for magnetic surface microrollers
Authors: Bozuyuk Ugur , Ozturk Hakancan , Sitti Metin
Published: April 2023

Magnetically actuated Janus surface microrollers is a promising microrobotic platform with numerous potential biomedical engineering applications. While the locomotion models based on a "rotating sphere on a nearby wall" can be adapted to surface microrollers, real-world dynamics may differ from the proposed theories/simulations. In this study, we examine the locomotion efficiency of surface microrollers with diameters of 5, 10, 25, and 50 µm and demonstrate that computational fluid dynamics simulations cannot accurately capture locomotion characteristics for different sizes of microrollers. Specifically, we observe a significant mismatch between lift forces predicted by simulations and opposite balancing forces, particularly for smaller microrollers. We propose the existence of an unaccounted force component in the direction of lift, which was not included in the computational fluid dynamics simulations. Overall, our findings provide a deeper understanding of the physical mechanisms underlying surface microroller locomotion and have important implications for future applications in biomedical engineering.
Immune response of the Almaco jack (Seriola rivoliana) against the infestation with Neobenedenia sp. in three cultivated temperatures
Authors: Valles-Vega Isabel , Pérez-Urbiola Juan Carlos , Tovar-Ramírez Dariel , Graham Andrea L. , Sicard-González Teresa , Ascencio Felipe
Published: April 2023

The Almaco jack (Seriola rivoliana) is a marine fish maintained in mariculture systems and frequently infested by monogenean parasites like Neobenedenia sp. Severe infestations can lead to high mortalities and economic losses for farmers. This study evaluated the effects of temperature on the immune response on Almaco jack infested with Neobenedenia sp. We exposed infested fishes at temperatures of 20°C, 24°C and 30°C for 20 days and took samples of different tissues at the beginning of the experiment, and after 3 and 20 days. The tissues considered were the skin, thymus, cephalic kidney, and spleen to evaluate the relative gene expression of different genes: Hsp70, IgM, IL-1β, IL-10, and MyD88. Our results showed an increase in IL-1β gene expression in the skin after 20 days of infestation but no significant effect of temperature on gene expression, despite increases in infestation rates with temperature. These results show that the parasite infestation induced a local response in the skin, but that temperature has a limited direct effect on the immune system of Almaco jack.
Texture-based brain networks for characterization of healthy subjects from MRI
Authors: Silveira Rafael Vinícius , Li Li Min , Castellano Gabriela
Published: April 2023

Background: Brain networks have been widely used to study the relationships between brain regions based on their dynamics using, e.g. fMRI or EEG, and to characterize their real physical connections using DTI. However, few studies have investigated brain networks derived from structural properties; and those have been based on cortical thickness or gray matter volume.
Purpose: The main objective of this work was to investigate the feasibility of obtaining useful information from brain networks derived from structural MRI, using texture features. We also wanted to verify if texture brain networks had any relation with established functional networks.
Methods: T1-MR images were segmented using AAL and texture parameters from the gray-level co-occurrence matrix were computed for each region, for 760 subjects. Individual texture networks were used to evaluate the structural connections between regions of well-established functional networks; assess possible gender differences; investigate the dependence of texture network parameters with age; and single out brain regions with different texture-network characteristics.
Results and discussion: Although around 70% of texture connections between regions belonging to the default mode, attention, and visual network were greater than the mean connection value, this effect was small (only between 7% and 15% of these connections were larger than one standard deviation), implying that texture-based morphology does not seem to subside function. This differs from cortical thickness-based morphology, which has been shown to relate to functional networks. Eighty out of 86 evaluated regions showed significant (ANCOVA, p<0.05) differences between genders. Forty-two out of 86 regions showed significant (ANCOVA, p<0.05) dependence with age; however, the R2 indicates that this is not a linear relation. Thalamus and putamen showed a very unique texture-wise structure compared to other analyzed regions.
Conclusions: Texture networks were able to provide useful information regarding gender and age-related differences, as well as for singling out specific brain regions. We did not find a morphological texture-based subsidy for the evaluated functional brain networks. In the future, this approach will be extended to neurological patients to investigate the possibility of extracting biomarkers to help monitor disease evolution or treatment effectiveness.
Mechanical properties of rooted soil under freeze-thaw cycles and extended binary medium model
Authors: Luo Wei , Xiang Bo , Liu Enlong , Zhao Haisong , Wu Kai , He Yunyong
Published: April 2023

In seasonally frozen soil, soil sometimes is affected by freeze-thaw cycles and root systems. In order to study its mechanical characteristics, a series of consolidation drained triaxial tests under different confining pressures (25,50,100,200 kPa), different freeze-thaw cycles (N = 0,1,5,15) and different root-containing conditions (r = 0,1,3) were carried out. The test results show that the specimens exhibit strain softening behavior and volumetric dilatancy phenomena and shear failure under lower confining pressure, and strain hardening and volumetric contraction, bulging failure under higher confining pressure. With the increase of freeze-thaw cycles, the bearing capacity of the sample decreases and the volume strain increases. With the increase of volume ration of roots in the sample, the bearing capacity increases and the volume strain decreases. Based on the binary medium model, the soil is abstracted into bonded elements and frictional element. At the same time, the bonded elements is transformed into frictional element when the bonded elements is broken during the loading process. Also, the root is abstracted into another non-destructive bonded elements material, which bears the load together. The linear elastic constitutive model was used for root and bonded elements, and the double-hardening model was used for friction elements. Considering the influence of freeze-thaw cycles, the extended binary model was derived here. Finally, the experimental results show that the predicted results of this model are in good agreement with the experimental results, and the new model can relatively well simulate the strain softening and volumetric dilatancy phenomena.
Analysis of Dynamic Electromagnetic Force in Synchronous Reluctance Motor Accounting for Rotor Eccentric
Authors: Tao Dajun , Pan Bo , Zhou Kailiang , Han Jichao , Lin Peng , Ge Baojun
Published: April 2023

Aiming at the influence of eccentric faults on the performance of synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM), the distribution characteristics and change rules of dynamic electromagnetic force before and after eccentric faults of SynRM were studied. A dynamic electromagnetic force calculation model combining eccentric fault finite element method and Maxwell tensor method is established under the influence of magnetic saturation. The dynamic electro-magnetic forces before and after the eccentric fault of the rotor surface, rotor magnetic ribs, and stator tooth wall are calculated, and the differences in the electromagnetic force distribution are analyzed in detail. The analysis methods and results of electromagnetic force provide a reference for the design and structure optimization of SynRM, and it also presents a theoretical guarantee for the smooth and orderly operation of SynRM.
The causal relationship between gut microbiota and immune skin diseases: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization
Authors: feng fei , Li Ruicheng , Tin Rui , Wu Xueyi , Zhang Nannan , Nie Zhenhua
Published: April 2023

Background Increasing evidence suggests that alterations in gut microbiota are associated with a variety of skin diseases. However, whether this association reflects a causal relationship remains unknown. We aimed to reveal the causal relationship between gut microbiota and skin diseases, including psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, acne, and lichen planus.Methods We obtained full genetic association summary data for gut flora, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, acne, and lichen planus from public databases and used three methods, mainly inverse variance weighting, to analyze the causal relationships between gut flora and these skin diseases using bidirectional Mendelian randomization, as well as sensitivity and stability analysis of the results using multiple methods.Results The results showed that there were 5 associated genera in the psoriasis group, 10 associated genera were obtained in the atopic dermatitis group, a total of 8 associated genera in the acne group, and 6 associated genera in the lichen planus group. The results corrected for false discovery rate showed that Eubacteriumfissicatena(p = 7.10E-05, OR = 1.44,95%CI: 1.20–1.72) and Lactococcus(p = 4.90E-04, OR = 1.37,95%CI: 1.15–1.65) and psoriasis, and Coprococcus-3(p = 0.001, OR = 2.39,95%CI: 1.41–4.03) and acne still showed a causal relationship. In contrast, in the reverse Mendelian randomization results, there was no evidence of an association between these skin diseases and intestinal flora.Conclusion We demonstrated a causal relationship between gut microbiota and immune skin diseases and provide a new therapeutic perspective for the study of immune diseases: targeted modulation of dysregulation of specific bacterial taxa to prevent and treat psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, acne, and lichen planus.
The constant force control based on an optimized environmental model for the robotic lapping of curved surface
Authors: Shi Yuxin , Wang Jinghang , He Xiangbo , Peng Yunfeng
Published: April 2023

During the curved surface lapping processing by robot, the surface quality of the processed workpieces cannot be fully guaranteed because of the uncontrollability of lapping contact force. Therefore, the accurate control of the contact force between the tool and the workpiece is important to improve the processing quality. This paper proposes an impedance control strategy based on an optimized environmental model to address the serious constraints brought by the uncertainty of the environmental model in impedance control on the compensation accuracy of contact force, and constructed a contact environmental model of elastic abrasives based on neural network algorithm, which improved the compensation accuracy of contact force through iterative iteration and prediction between the environmental model and the impedance model. Through comparison experiments, it is found that compared with the unoptimized method, the force control tracking error is reduced by 60.9%, the contact force variance is reduced by 25.7%, the contact force error during curved surface force control lapping process is reduced by 58.3% and the contact force variance is reduced by 52.5%, and the workpiece roughness Ra value is reduced by 37.2%. Therefore, the robotic constant force control system based on optimized environmental model can achieve a better force control effect, which can realize accurate and stable control of contact force during curved surface lapping process by robot, and has certain potential for engineering application.
Exploring the Solar System through Hydrogen Line Sprectum Radio Data Analysis
Authors: Dutta Pritam , Saraswat Rushil
Published: April 2023

This research paper provides an in-depth analysis of the solar system usinga technique called hydrogen line radio data analysis. This method involvesstudying the spectral line emitted by neutral hydrogen atoms, known as thehydrogen line or the 21-centimeter line. Astronomers use this technique toexamine the distribution and characteristics of hydrogen gas within the universe.The researchers examined hydrogen line radio data from a range of sources inthis study to investigate the properties of hydrogen gas throughout the solarsystem. The emphasis was on identifying the presence of hydrogen gas in thesolar system's planets, moons, and other objects. Their findings revealed thathydrogen gas is found in numerous solar system objects, including the big planetsJupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, as well as their moons. Furthermore,the researchers discovered hydrogen gas in comets and asteroids, indicatingthe presence of water, ice, and other volatile molecules. Overall, this researchdemonstrates the usefulness of hydrogen line radio data analysis in exploringthe properties of hydrogen gas within the solar system. It provides importantinsights into the composition and evolution of the solar system, and could alsobe applied to studying planetary systems beyond our own.
ERK Hyperactivation Serves as a Unified Mechanism of Escape in Intrinsic and Acquired CDK4/6 Inhibitor Resistance in Acral Lentiginous Melanoma
Authors: Rebecca Vito , Jagirdar Kasturee , Portuallo Marie , Wei Meihan , Wilhide Matthew , Bravo Jeremy , Robertson Bailey , Alicea Gretchen , Aguh Crsytal , Xiao Min , Godok Tetiana , Fingerman Dylan , Brown Gregory , Herlyn Meenhard , Guo Brian , Toska Eneda , Zabransky Daniel , Wubbenhorst Bradley , Nathanson Katherine , Kwatra Shawn , Goyal Yogesh , Ji Hongkai , Liu Qin
Published: April 2023

Patients with metastatic acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) suffer worse outcomes relative to patients with other forms of cutaneous melanoma (CM), and do not benefit as well to approved melanoma therapies. Identification of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) pathway gene alterations in > 60% of ALMs has led to clinical trials of the CDK4/6 inhibitor (CDK4i/6i) palbociclib for ALM; however, median progression free survival with CDK4i/6i treatment was only 2.2 months, suggesting existence of resistance mechanisms. Therapy resistance in ALM remains poorly understood; here we report hyperactivation of MAPK signaling and elevated cyclin D1 expression are a unified mechanism of both intrinsic and acquired CDK4i/6i resistance. MEK and/or ERK inhibition increases CDK4i/6i efficacy in a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model of ALM and promotes a defective DNA repair, cell cycle arrested and apoptotic program. Notably, gene alterations poorly correlate with protein expression of cell cycle proteins in ALM or efficacy of CDK4i/6i, urging additional strategies when stratifying patients for CDK4i/6i trial inclusion. Concurrent targeting of the MAPK pathway and CDK4/6 represents a new approach to improve outcomes for patients with advanced ALM.
The maximum augmented Zagreb index for interval graphs with edge-connectivity one
Authors: Malik Mehar Ali , Butt Muhammad Yasir , Asif Unaza , Irshad Alveena
Published: April 2023

The augmented Zagreb index (AZI) of graph is defined as the sum of weights of all edges uv of a graph G, where the weight of edge uv is calculated as (d(u)d(v) / d(u)+d(v)−2)3. In this paper, we examine the (maximum) AZI for graphs with edge connectivity one and examine the relative extremal graphs.
MSC: 5C35.
Effects of Orange Essential Oil on Some Parameters of Dulce De Leche Prepared with Plant-Based Hazelnut Milk and Cow's Milk Combinations
Authors: Yangılar Filiz
Published: April 2023

This study evaluated the use of orange essential oil (OEO) in conjunction with cow milk (CM) and hazelnut milk (HM) to fortify dulce de leche, due to the increased interest in plant-based foods in recent years. The "dulce de leche" (DL) formed from CM and HM, as well as CM:HM mixing rations of 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, and 25:75, are produced for this purpose and physicochemically characterized. When milk jam samples were made using hazelnut milk and orange essential oil, the values for dry matter, titration acidity, protein, oil, and ash were statistically significant (p<0.05). It was determined that the jams made with various milk combinations and orange essential oil had rheological characteristics with K values between 28.17 and 31.47, n values between 0.21 and 0.33, and R2 values between 0.96-0.99. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) values ranged from 10.04 to 44.65 m/kg, L* values ranged from 35.3-53.2, a* values ranged from -0.84 to -1.11, and b* values ranged from 3.78 to 11.3. The interaction between storage days was found to be statistically significant in terms of texture values (p<0.05). When the sensory evaluation findings were statistically evaluated, the general acceptance scores in the A and C samples were determined to be high.
Etiological characteristics and appropriate empiric antibiotic strategies of multidrug-resistant pathogens in patients requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gao Xinjing , Wang Wenjiao
Published: April 2023

Background: Delayed treatments of MDR infections in patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) supports associated with increased mortality. But, there was currently no relevant references available to guide early anti-infective treatments for them. The purpose of our study was to clarify etiological characteristics and empiric antibiotic strategies of MDR pathogens in ECMO patients.
Methods: The clinical data of 104 ECMO patients in Tianjin third central hospital were retrospectively collected from January 2014 to December 2022. There were 61 and 29 adult patients supported by veno-arterial (VA)-ECMO or veno-venous (VV)-ECMO for > 24 hours enrolled. Patients were divided into “group R” and “group N” by with or without MDR infections. Clinical characteristics of enrolled patients were collected. The data of MDR pathogens and anti-infection treatments against them were summarized.
Results: The rates of MDRinfections were 50.8% and 79.3% in VA-ECMO and VV-ECMO patients respectively. ECMO patients in group R presented poor prognostic indicators as expected. MDR pathogens detected were mainly MDR Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB) (91.6% in VA-ECMO patients and 92.5% in VV-ECMO patients, respectively). Sputum was the main source of MDR. There were 72.9% and 80% of MDR pathogens deprived from sputum in VA-ECMO and VV-ECMO patients respectively. MDR pathogens generally showed high drug-resistant prevalence to routine antibiotics, and anti-infection treatments against them were not optimistic. Cephalosporins, meropenem, linezolid and tigecycline were most selected antibiotics according to antimicrobial susceptibility tests in our study.
Conclusion: ECMO patients had high incidence of MDR infection, which mostly induced by MDR-GNB from sputum. Cephalosporins, meropenem, linezolid and tigecycline were appropriate empiric antibiotics against MDR pathogens in ECMO patients according to our study.
The role of astragaloside IV in extracellular matrix remodeling in fibrotic heart disease: Regulation of TRPM7-dependent macrophage function
Authors: Zhao Yi-Zhuo , Xu Ying , Feng Kai , Fan Xue-Ting , Ma Yun-Tian , Yan Hui-Ying , Liu Qian-Ru , Tang Yi-Qun
Published: April 2023

Background: Astragaloside IV (ASG), the main active constituent of Astragalus membranaceus, exerts protective effects against several diseases associated with myocardial fibrosis, while no data suggest its role on macrophages in the process of myocardial fibrosis. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory effects of ASG on macrophages during extracellular matrix remodeling in fibrotic heart disease
Methods and Results: Cardiac fibrosis of Sprague Dawley rats was induced by isoproterenol (5 mg/kg/day, s.c.) for 14 days, and ASG (10 mg/kg/day, 50 mg/kg/day, p.o.) treatment was administered from the 6th day of modeling. Histopathological changes and cytokines secretion by macrophages were observed. NIH-3T3 cells were incubated with the conditioned supernatant of the hypoxia model RAW 264.7 cells to investigate the involvement of macrophage-secreted cytokines. The results showed that cardiac fibrosis accompanied by infiltration of macrophages attenuated after ASG treatment. Importantly, ASG counteracted the activation of the miR-135a-TRPM7-TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway in primary macrophages and the increased levels of profibrotic cytokines in supernatants. In vitro, the conditioned medium secreted by RAW 264.7 macrophages stimulated the proliferation and differentiation of fibroblasts in a TRPM7-dependent manner. Moreover, patch-clamp data showed that ASG inhibited macrophage TRPM7 current in dose-dependent.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that macrophages promote the proliferation and differentiation of cardiac fibroblasts and remodeling of the extracellular matrix through paracrine function. In addition, TRPM7 may play an important role in the regulation of paracrine cytokines in macrophages. ASG remodeling the extracellular matrix and attenuating cardiac fibrosis by regulating macrophage activation via the miR-135a-TRPM7-TGF-β/Smads pathway.
Smith chart-based PSO algorithm for multi-objective engineering problems
Authors: Falloun Abdelbari , Dursun Yunus , Ozkaya Ufuk , Madi Abdessalam Ait
Published: April 2023

In this study, a new approach based on the Smith chart is proposed for multi-objective particle swarm optimization. With this approach, the position of each particle is updated according to the Smith chart’s impedance and admittance circles to determine the local best particle. The proposed method is applied to three test functions with different behaviors, namely concave, convex, and non-convex, and performance parameters are examined. In light of the obtained results, it has been observed that the proposed strategy offers successful convergence performance for multi-objective optimization applications and meets performance expectations with its obtained well-distributed solution set.
Dynamic prediction model of meteorological risk of offshore wind power
Authors: Tang Jiansong , Yang Ruijia , Dai Qiangsheng , Yuan Gaoteng , Mao Yingchi
Published: April 2023

In recent years, offshore wind farms, a crucial component of renewable energy, have attracted widespread interest and development worldwide. Nevertheless, offshore wind farms face a variety of meteorological risks during operation, including wind speed fluctuations, strong winds/storms, and extreme storms, which can have a significant impact on the safe operation and stable power generation of wind turbines. Existing methods for predicting meteorological risk frequently lack dynamism and adaptability, failing to meet the requirements of practical applications. This paper proposes a dynamic meteorological risk prediction method for offshore wind power based on hidden Markov models to address this issue. First, we propose four risk states based on the operation of offshore wind turbines under different wind speeds and meteorological conditions: extreme storm events, extreme ocean events, wind speed fluctuations, temperature fluctuations. Then, we construct state transition matrices and output matrices by collecting actual observational data (such as wind speed and wind direction) and combining expert experience and historical events. Finally, we use hidden Markov models to predict the risk states of offshore wind turbines in a dynamic manner. This paper uses artificially generated data to test and compare the performance of the proposed method, demonstrating that it significantly outperforms traditional Markov models and naive Bayes models in state prediction accuracy and is adaptable to some degree. In practical applications, the method can be continuously adjusted and optimized to improve prediction accuracy. By applying the dynamic meteorological risk prediction method for offshore wind power to actual scenarios, wind farm operators can receive real-time information about risks and take the necessary precautions to ensure the safe operation and stable power generation of wind turbines.
The more, the better? Social capital profiles and adolescent internalizing symptoms: A latent profile analysis
Authors: Pan Ye , Zhang Yifan , Ma Zijuan , Wang Dongfang , Ross Brendan , Huang Shuiqing , Fan Fang
Published: April 2023

Past research suggests that offline and online social capital are empirically linked to adolescent psychological adjustment. However, little is known regarding the implications of distinctive combinations of social capital for adolescent internalizing symptoms. The present study aimed to examine adolescent social capital patterns and their associations with internalizing symptoms by using Latent profile analysis. A cross-sectional web-based survey was conducted among 1595 Chinese adolescents (mean age = 14.30 years, 50.7% male). All adolescents completed self-report questionnaires on their perceived offline and online social capital, depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms. Latent profile analysis revealed four profiles of social capital: 1) Low Social Capital, 2) Moderate Social Capital, 3) High Social Capital, and 4) Only High Offline Social Capital. Further, analysis of covariance demonstrated that the Only High Offline Social Capital profile had significantly fewer internalizing symptoms than other three profiles. No statistical differences of internalizing symptoms were found between the other three profiles, except for the difference in anxiety symptoms between the Moderate Social Capital profile and the Low Social Capital profile. These findings suggest that the more social capital does not equal to the better mental health status. The social capital profiles and their associations with adolescent internalizing symptoms may provide practitioners with meaningful implications regarding the role of offline and online social capital in adolescent psychological adjustment.
Comparison of three typical lithium-ion batteries for pure electric vehicles from the perspective of life cycle assessment
Authors: Jiang Tingting , Wang Huifang , Jin Qiang
Published: April 2023

In the present study, environmental impacts of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has become a concern due the large-scale production and application. The present paper aims to quantify the potential environmental impacts of three LIBs in terms of life cycle assessment (LCA), as well as to identify hotpots and ways to reduce the environmental impacts. Three different batteries are compared in this study: lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (NCM) 811 batteries and NCM622 batteries. The results show that the environmental impacts caused by LIBs is mainly reflected in five aspects from eleven evaluation indexes. They are abiotic depletion (fossil fuels), global warming (GWP 100a), human toxicity, fresh water aquatic ecotox and marine aquatic ecotoxicity. Besides, the "Production phase" and "Assembly phase" of LIBs are the main sources of carbon emissions, the GHG emission of NCM622 battery is 1576 kg CO2-eq/kWh, which accounts for 37.5% of the total GHG emissions. The study shows that the hydrometallurgical method in the "Recycle phase" may not always be environmentally friendly, it can increase the indicators of human toxicity, fresh water aquatic ecotox and marine aquatic ecotoxicity. The precursor materials in NCM batteries and the electricity consumption of LFP batteries are sensitive factors to environmental impacts, which can be effectively improved by improving the process and optimizing the power structure. The findings are likely to provide the LIBs manufacturing sector with data. Suggestions for process optimization of China's LIBs industry were proposed based on the adjustment projection of China's LIB industry.
Interference with CHD1L inhibits proliferation, promotes apoptosis and G2/M phase arrest and enhances cisplatin sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells through PLK1
Authors: Qiao Kun , Guan Yuanxiazi , Xing Wenjing
Published: April 2023

Background Chromodomain helicase/ATPase DNA-binding protein 1-like gene (CHDIL) is an oncogene with abnormal expression in ovarian cancer (OC), but its regulatory effects on proliferation, apoptosis, cycle arrest and cisplatin resistance of OC and its mechanisms have not been reported.Methods The expression of CHD1L in OC cell lines was detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot. After constructing CHD1L interference plasmids in CAOV-3 cells, cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected by CCK8, EDU staining, TUNEL and Western blot. Flow cytometry and Western blot were used to detect cell cycle. CCK8 and TUNEL were used to detect the role of CHD1L in the sensitivity of OC cells to cisplatin. Next, RT-qPCR, Western blot and IP were used to investigate the relationship between CHD1L and Polo-like Kinase 1 (PLK1). Finally, the regulation mechanism of CHD1L on OC development and cisplatin sensitivity was investigated by concurrently silencing the expression of CHD1L and overexpressing PLK1 in cells.Results The expression of CHD1L and PLK1 in OC cell lines was abnormally elevated. Interference with CHD1L in OC cells could significantly inhibit the proliferation, promote cell apoptosis and cycle arrest, and promote the sensitivity of OC cells to cisplatin. This process might be achieved through activation of PLK1.Conclusion Interference with CHD1L inhibited proliferation, promoted apoptosis and G2/M phase arrest and enhanced cisplatin sensitivity of OC cells through PLK1.
Resveratrol Inhibits Zinc Deficiency-Induced Mitophagy and Exerts Cardioprotective Effects
Authors: Wang Pei , Yang Ying , Guo Jiabao , Ma Tingting , Hu Youcheng , Huang Luyao , He Yonggui , Xi Jinkun
Published: April 2023

Resveratrol (Res) has cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging and antioxidant effects; however, its mechanism remains unclear. Here we explored the protective effects of resveratrol on cardiomyocytes, focusing on the role of Zn2+ and mitophagy. Using the MTT/LDH assay, we found that addition of a zinc chelator TPEN for 4h induced mitophagy and significantly reduced cell viability, increased cytotoxicity and apoptosis in H9c2, while Res significantly inhibited these effects of TPEN. Similarly, Res inhibited TPEN-induced expression of mitophagy-associated proteins P62, LC3, PINK1, Parkin and TOM20. The mitophagy inhibitor 3-MA blocked the function of Res. At the same time, we found that Mfn2 siRNA could reverse the inhibition of mitophagy by Res through AMPK (adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase) and prevent the effect of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening. Thus, our data suggest that Res can exert mitochondrial protection by inhibiting mitophagy and preventing mPTP opening through AMPK-Mfn2 axis in myocardial cells.
Survival of Prey-Predator System in a Contaminant Environment
Authors: Makwana Kavita , A. Raveendra Babu , Misra O.P. , Jadon B.P.S.
Published: April 2023

The survival of prey predator food chain model in a toxin or contaminant environment is considered and discussed in this paper. The mathematical model is formulated with the help of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Mathematical equations assume that the growth of prey species is negatively impacted by organisms and environmental toxins. The mathematical model is analysed by considering the Jacobian matrix and positive definite functions. The analytical conditions are supported by the numerical simulations and verify them in the bounded region.
Mathematics Subject Classification (2000) 93A30 · 92D40 · 34D20
Survival benefit of radiotherapy and nomogram for patients with primary tracheal malignant tumors: A Propensity Score-Matched SEER Database Analysis
Authors: Zheng Zhen , Du Zhennan , Fang Zhongjie , Shi Yunbin , Chen Xue , Jin Ming , Liu Kaitai
Published: April 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to conduct a matched pair analysis to assess the impact of radiotherapy (RT) on patients with malignant tracheal tumors using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Additionally, a predictive nomogram was developed for patients with malignant tracheal tumors.
Methods: Propensity Score Matching (PSM) was used to minimize bias between the RT and no-RT groups. We utilized both univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses to identify independent prognostic factors for patients and subgroups. We developed a novel nomogram and evaluated its results using the C-index.
Results: A total of 648 patients between 1975 and 2019 were included, and 160 patients in RT were 1:1 propensity score-matched with no-RT. The independent prognostic factors for patients with tracheal malignant tumors were surgery, marital status, disease extension, pathology, and age. The independent risk factors for patients without sur-gery included RT and disease extension. The C-index confirmed that the nomogram accurately predicted the prognosis of patients with tracheal malignant tumors.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that RT may provide a survival benefit for tracheal cancer patients who did not undergo surgery. The nomogram can be a useful tool for predicting prognosis in patients with tracheal malignant tumors.
Pregnancy and Vestibular Challenges: A narrative review
Authors: Madrigal Jorge , Castillo-Bustamante Melissa , Moreno Andrea
Published: April 2023

Pregnancy includes several physical, hormonal, and psychological changes from conception to labor. The vestibular system is also affected during this life cycle and several challenges in patients who present vertigo or vestibular disorders during this time still being unregistered and there is a lack of information about how the vestibular system is affected during pregnancy, clinical and physiological correlation, and the expected results of vestibular testing in this population. Herein, we performed a review of expected physiological, clinical and vestibular testing results in pregnant patients to get the deepest understanding of the vestibular phenomenon during this time.
The Influence of Corporate Governance on Firm Performance During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Nasser AL-Hashimi Yusra , Sarhan AL-Toobi Jawaher , Ries Ahmed Essia
Published: April 2023

The main goal of this research to examine the relationship between Corporate Governance and Firm Performance During COVID-19. Quantitative method, this research used the source from 34 companies’ annual reports, were used secondary data for 2019 and 2020. The secondary data collected was verified utilizing Smart-Partial Least Squares 3.0. The findings found a positive relationship between corporate governance and financial performance in the financial sector for period 2019 and 2020. This indicates that the increase the governance tools will lead to enhancing and improving companies’ overall performance. This current work has added a new discussion to the knowledge body considering the corporate governance tools and their link with performance. Furthermore, conducting such study in the field of accounting provides new insight into the literature among both developed and emerging economies including Oman.
Experiential Learning Through the Creation of an Investment Lab
Authors: D. Kaya Halil , S. Kwok Julia , LaTurner Joseph
Published: April 2023

In this paper, using our actual experience as finance faculty, we go over the steps to build and run an Investment Lab at University. First, we explain how the curriculum may be changed in order to accommodate this experiential learning opportunity in a finance undergraduate program. We explain how a new course oriented towards portfolio management may be created. Next, we describe how the student body may benefit from this initiative. Why is an Investment Lab needed at a university? What are the disadvantages of not having an Investment Lab (i.e. losing market share to competition, not bridging between theory and practice, and so on)? What is the solution to these problems? We explain that the solution possibly requires a new “Applied Portfolio Management Concentration/Minor”. As an example, we show what courses may be included under this new minor. Then, we go over the operational plan, including the business plan. We propose the establishment of a four-course minor, the lab, and a student managed fund. We explain how the whole operation will be financed. Then, we present the timeline and explain what needs to be done throughout the whole process. Finally, we go over the costs in detail. We believe that this paper will help other universities that would like to start an Investment Lab.
Financial Evolution and Interdisciplinary Research
Authors: Njegovanović Ana
Published: April 2023

This paper (summary of the second chapter of the manuscript “quantum dance”) talks about the multidimensionality of finance through evolution, philosophy with interdisciplinary features (interweaving of neuroscience, mathematics, quantum physics, biology and artificial intelligence). The path of global financial systems that is dependent on emergency infusions, which in medical terms means that the solution is in the operation of the system itself and perhaps a new global finance, quantum finance? (“Economists aren’t trained in money: just imagine the chaos if physicists weren’t trained in gravity”) and financial decision-making. Evolutionary ideas have a long history in the social sciences dating back to Malthus, who played an inspirational role for Darwin (Hodgson, 1993). Veblen (1898) coined the term “evolutionary economics” and began the systematic use of the evolutionary approach in the social sciences (Veblen, 1904). Schumpeter (1911) laid the foundations for evolutionary economics in the 20th century. A decisive role in the creation of the economic branch was played by the works of Alchian (1950), Boulding (1981), Downie (1958), D. Friedman (1998), M. Friedman (1953), Hodgson (1993, 2004), Penrose (1952), Nelson (2018) and Nelson and Winter (1982). The intertwined journey of market outcomes through various cultural traits, trait selection and mutation pressures at different frequencies along with psychological and cognitive bias, network structure, information asymmetry, information waves and institutional environment is the way to study and understand the evolutionary process and social interactions in financial markets (Hirshleifer D ., Shiller R.J., Farmer J.D., Lo A.W., Lo A.W., ). The cultural characteristics of culture and its frequency in its dynamics increase or decrease, changing through individual and social learning. Beliefs and behaviors lead to the transfer of social interactions and observation, implying that culturally transmitted investor ideas or folk models influence trading behaviors and price outcomes. Social finance is characterized by an explicit and broader examination of social transmission processes, cultural characteristics and evolutionary dynamics.
Multilateral development banks investment behaviour in water and sanitation: Findings and lessons from 60 years of investment projects in Africa and Asia
Authors: Heidler Andri , Nesi Muhil , Nikiema Josiane , Lüthi Christoph
Published: April 2023

Multilateral development banks (MDBs) play a pivotal role in financing water and sanitation infrastructure projects and thus have a major impact on the development of basic services. Although information about the MDBs' investments is publicly available, it is dispersed and not easily comparable. A comprehensive compilation of MDBs' water and sanitation investments has long been lacking. To address this gap, we assess water and sanitation financing by the three MDBs most relevant to Africa and Asia between 1960 and 2020: the World Bank, the African Development Bank, and the Asian Development Bank. We compile a new dataset by drawing on 3,639 water and sanitation projects and assess territorial trends, technology choices, distribution of financial burdens, and reforms to institutional arrangements. We find that MDBs' investments align with changing patterns of urbanization and increasingly finance sanitation infrastructures including non-sewered technologies. However, our results also suggest that institutional reforms have addressed utility efficiency through investment in equipment and skills rather than through increased commercialization and private sector participation. The leverage effect of MDB investment on private financing is negligible, whereas co-financing from local governments dominates.
Spatial and temporal distributions of temperature and rainfall on tropical islands of Vietnam
Authors: Phan Thi Thanh Hang , Nguyen Hang Anh
Published: April 2023

This study presents the spatial-temporal distribution of temperature and rainfall on the tropical islands of Vietnam using observed data, and historical and future climate data extracted from the ACCESS-ESM1.5. Regarding spatial distribution, the average temperature increased from North to South while rainfall did not vary significantly. Regarding temporal distribution, this research employed the Mann–Kendall test at a 5% significance level to analyze the trend of climate change. According to the calculation result, only annual temperature tended to increase in all stations but at different rates. Other trends of climate change in maximum, temperature, minimum temperature, annual rainfall, and maximum 1-day rainfall are inconsistent and only found significant in islands with a long-observed period. Using 1970–2000 as the reference period with all R2 above 0.94, this research extracted and predicted climate trends in the period of 2021–2100 for areas above 1 km2 based on four scenarios which are SSP 1-2.6, SSP 2-4.5, SSP 3-7.0, and SSP 5-8.5. The projected maximum and minimum temperatures have shown increasing trends whereas the change in annual rainfall is not clear. The results of this study provide important implications for climate change adaptation scenarios and territorial planning of tropical islands.
Quality deterioration of an Indian urban water source near an open dumping site
Authors: Robert Sruthy , Luckins Nisha , Menon Ratish
Published: April 2023

In developing countries, the stress of drinking water is often due to the increase in population, and rivers are the most important source of water. In this study, the pollution of the Kadambrayar River, located in southern India, was evaluated. The river flows through major establishments in the city, and an open dumping site is located near its bank. The river was infested with water hyacinth, which is considered a bioindicator of pollution in water bodies. Sixteen water quality parameters were analyzed across eight sampling stations in the river and compared with the standard limits as per IS 10500:2012 and IS 2296:1992, WHO, ICMR. It was found that parameters such as DO, BOD, and Coliforms did not comply with the limits at any of the stations. The heavy metals were also analyzed for water and sediment samples, in which the concentrations of arsenic in water were seven times higher and chromium was 50 times higher than the national standard limit. Thus, it can be concluded that the quality of this drinking water source is declining abruptly, especially downstream near the dumpsite, affecting the ecosystem as well as human health when exposed to carcinogenic metals.
Legitimate Expectations of Privacy in the Era of Digitalization
Authors: Ostanina E. , Titova E.
Published: April 2023

This article contends that in the present era of digitalization people’s right to privacy should be protected no less than it was before the widespread use of digital technologies. When taking into account the fact that digitalization has led to a greater exchange of information, it is important that the ways and forms of protecting privacy undergo certain changes. Firstly, more emphasis should be placed on the use of methods for the self-protection of privacy rights, including restricting access to information and configuring website settings so that reviews and comments can be posted only by registered users, and not anonymously. Secondly, the legal means of protection should be improved to prevent violations of privacy rights from occurring as well as to ensure that rights which have been violated are properly restored. In the event of a violation of the secrecy of personal data, the authors recommend the use of class actions. When a violation of the secrecy of correspondence, medical information or telephone conversations by a business entity or the owner of a website occurs, a claim for compensation for moral damage should be available. However, the authors of the article propose modifying such a claim for compensation for moral damage to more closely model a claim for the recovery of punitive damages. Furthermore, the authors establish a connection between the protection of the right to privacy and the variety of relevant information on the topic that is freely available.
The Legal Issue of Deterrence of Algorithmic Control of Digital Platforms: The Experience of China, the European Union, Russia and India
Authors: Kharitonova Yu. , Malik N. S. , Yang T.
Published: April 2023

The authorities in a number of states are concerned about the need for public disclosure of the recommendation algorithms that are used in online services. The introduction of regulations aimed at software developers is frequently proposed as a potential solution to this problem of algorithm transparency. These requirements, which must be fulfilled by the developers of software products, can be administrative regulations or standards regulations. However, despite these efforts, in the absence of direct legislative regulation, users continue to encounter the possibility that a social network feed or a search service result may present content that is unequal or unclear. This is due to the fact that the logic behind these recommendations is not clear and is concealed by IT giants. The following are among the main provisions of legislative initiatives: the liability of digital platforms to publish the mechanisms of recommendation services, the responsibility to inform the user about the processing of personal data and the possibility for the user to refuse such processing. States have recognized the problem and are approaching it from different positions. Each region chooses what to prioritize in terms of the law. We see that for China and Europe, all areas of platforms are important, whereas for Russia, news platforms and video hosting are of interest and for India, social media is the most important platform category. However, in all of the countries, the requirements for the disclosure of the recommendation engine to a certain extent are expanding. The amount of information that is publicly available as well as the order in which it is disclosed are both variable. This study demonstrates the commonalities and differences in the approaches taken by various countries.