bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stereo pictures in this mount were not taken by view-master: an illustrated description of the view-master personal stereo system
Authors: Sheppard Jamie Powell
Published: June 2021

The View-Master is a beloved toy, well-known to many. However, most people are unaware of the View-Master Personal Stereo system for creating one’s own View-Master Personal Reels – an unusual combination of vernacular imagery and three-dimensional photography. Unfortunately, little has been written about this system, and the institutional collections of Personal Reels are limited.

This thesis describes the View-Master Personal Stereo system and establishes its place in the combined history of both amateur and stereoscopic photography. It reviews the history of View-Master and amateur stereoscopic systems, examines the View-Master cameras and accessories, follows the decline of mid-century amateur stereoscopic photography, and discusses users and collectors of the system.

The result is a compilation of information that both defines the View-Master Personal Stereo system and constitutes an argument that the View-Master Personal Reels have a place in institutional collections of vernacular photography.
Modelling of methoprene concentration at storm sewer outfall
Authors: Tam Cynthia
Published: June 2021

The objective of this report is to compare the predicted concentration of methoprene, a larvicide used in the City of Toronto to control the widespread of West Nile Virus by suppressing mosquito growth, at storm sewer outfall during a typical year rainfalls (1980 rainfalls) with the Interim Provincial Water Quality Objectives (IPWQO). The methoprene that is under investigation in this report is in form of ingot. Extending from an existing spreadsheet-based model that simulates the methoprene concentration within two monitored catch basins in the Newtonbrook sewershed of North York, methoprene concentration at the sewer outfall during the 1980 rainfalls is predicted by linear projection upon calibration of the model with the methoprene mass at the outfall measured in year 2005. Results show that predicted methoprene concentration at outfall exceeds the IPWQO in six days out of the one-hundred-day period. It is recommended that to better mimic the actual situation, traveling time effect and sensitivity analysis on catch basin sump volume be included in future study.
Sensitivity of Rodel Roundabout Delay Estimates to Input Parameters
Authors: Norouzi Nasim
Published: June 2021

Modern roundabouts are developed to increase the traffic capacity and decrease the traffic delay. They are popular around the world and are becoming common in Canada and the United States. A great design of a roundabout is to achieve the minimum delay. According to the research papers regarding the delay at roundabouts, it is expected the vehicle delay, the stop ratio at various traffic volumes, and the level of saturation of roundabouts are smaller than the amount of similar parameters on un-signalized intersections. The purpose of this thesis is clarification and measurement of the geometric parameters through the RODEL software to depict their influence on the sensitivity of roundabout delay. This study has been done through creation and analysis of numerous tables and graphs for various traffic volumes and peak periods. Furthermore, the required accuracy of each parameter in estimating delay of a planned roundabout is determined.

The outcome of this analysis indicates the effects of the geometric parameters on the roundabout delay. While the Half Width, Entry Width, and Flare Length have the greatest influence on the delay, the Entry Radius, Entry Angle (PHI), and Inscribed Circle Diameter have the least influence.
A New Shape Adaptive Motion Control System
Authors: Yang Zhiwei
Published: June 2021

In recent years there is a growing trend on integrating Computer Aid Design (CAD), Computer Aid Manufacturing (CAM) and Computer Aided Inspection (CAI). This thesis presents a new shape adaptive motion control system that integrates part measurement with motion control. The proposed system consists of five blocks: surface measurement; surface reconstruction; tool trajectory planning; axis motion control and part alignment In this thesis, the key technology used in surface measurement and surface reconstruction is spatial spectral analysis. In the surface measurement block, a new special spectrum comparison method is proposed to find out an optimal digitizing frequency. In the surface reconstruction block, different interpolation methods are compared in the spatial spectral domain. A spatial spectral B-Spline method is presented. In the tool trajectory planning block, a method is developed to select the motion profile first and then determine the tool locations according to the reconstructed surface in order to improve the accuracy of the planned path. In the part alignment, a three-point alignment method is presented to align the part coordinates with the machine coordinates. Based on the proposed methods, a software package is developed and implemented on the polishing robot constructed at Ryerson University. The effectiveness of the proposed system has been demonstrated by the experiment on edge polishing. In this experiment, the shape of the part edges is measured first, and then constructed as a wire-frame CAD model, based on which tool trajectory is planned to control the tool to polish the edges.
Transgressive actions and the production of public space : policy, people and urban space in Winnipeg's downtown
Authors: Stewart Etoile Catherine
Published: June 2021

Public space is planned space. The discourse that takes place among federal, municipal and local governments, as well as the interaction that takes place on the street between people, informs the agenda and values inherent in policy and social norms. Urban revitalization strategies and city bylaws produce public and private spaces, thereby informing the cityscape within which everyone interacts. This study examines the contribution, circulation and regulation of transgressive actions in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, in order to consider what these actions reveal about power relations in the urban environment and the production of public space. This research uses both a policy case study and urban theory to investigate the means by which public and private spaces are produced and imbued with the ideologies that shape and maintain these spaces in Winnipeg's downtown area.
Performance Analysis of Multispectral LiDAR in Land Cover Classification
Authors: Zulfiquar Khakan
Published: June 2021

The Optech Titan is the world’s first multispectral airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) sensor, a revolutionary sensor that includes three active imaging channels of different wavelengths for day or night mapping of complex environments. Multispectral imagery and monochromatic LIDAR have long existed as independent technologies and both systems have developed workflows to perform land cover classification. This project was undertaken to analyze the performance of Optech Titan’s three active imaging channels and LIDAR attributes in land cover classification. By processing selective parameters through the multispectral image land cover classification process, we can determine the accuracy performance of individual channels and attributes in land cover classification. The outcome of this process will measure the effectiveness of combining LIDAR attributes with multispectral imagery for land cover classification. The test site was a 600m x 600m residential neighbourhood in Oshawa, Ontario captured at point-spacing of 0.5 meter.

Multispectral imagery had an overall accuracy result of 77%. The most accurate land cover classification result from our testing was 77.5%. This was produced as a special index scenario by using the three intensities along with the nDSM. It is apparent from the results that the intensity-attribute provides the most useful information in land cover classification. The highest monochromatic LIDAR accuracy result of 70% came from Channel 2 (NIR - 1024 mm). Channel 2’s accuracy is only 7% lower than multispectral imagery result. Channel 1 and 3 had less-favorable results at 59.5% and 58% respectively. Individual land cover classification tests on Z-attribute and N-attribute produced unfavorable results of 37% and 47.5% respectively.
The tribe & the software tester
Authors: Wegier Pete
Published: June 2021

The human bind is truly a marvel and with it humanity has managed incredible feasts in so short a history it is staggering. Even so, the mind is flawed. Psychologists have shown time and again that we can fail-constantly and predictably-at even simple and common tasks, such as tracking changes in a visual scene. As software development races forward, and the need for human software testers continues, these cognitive biases must be considered and compensated for during the software testing process. This thesis examines a number of these biases and their applicability to software testing, it proposes the integration of aspects of psychology into the software testing process, and shows experimentally that the human software tester can very easily be tricked and manipulated in simple ways.
Harmonics in commercial building power systems
Authors: Charty Abdel H
Published: June 2021

Harmonics are increasingly becoming a major source of power quality problems in today's commercial power distribution systems. Although they have been present in power distribution systems since the early days of AC power systems, their level has dramatically increased and the effect on power distributions has been more and more noticeable in the last decade. This dramatic increase of harmonic levels is mainly due to the introduction of non linear loads such as personal computers, servers, variable frequency drives and UPS systems. Harmonic problems are especially common in commercial buildings housing large computer rooms where the concentration of nonlinear loads per square foot is very high, and continue to grow higher as the footprint of network and communication equipment becomes smaller. This report will provide a deep look at harmonics in power distribution systems in commercial buildings, their sources and the different ways by which they can affect electrical systems and power quality. Some of the solutions commonly used to deal with the problem of harmonics are reviewed, and a critical analysis of their effectiveness is provided. Computer simulations using Matlab Simulink have been developed to illustrate key points when possible.
Experimental testing on the compressive strength of solid steel round bars
Authors: Saliba Marwan
Published: June 2021

  

Solid steel round bars are used as legs, diagonals and horizontal members of a communication tower. The Canadian Standards, CAN/CSA-S16.1-94, AISC-LRFD Specifications of 1993, and the European Standard, Eurocode 3, provide the factored compressive resistance of structural steel members other than solid rounds. While, the Current Canadian Standard, CAN/CSA-S37-01 of 2001, for Antenna towers and Antenna Supporting Structures specifies empirical expressions for the compressive strength of solid rounds based on the SSRC column curves for non-solid-round bars and the results from experimental investigation on the compressive resistance of solid rounds carried out back to 1965. This thesis provides a summary of the available literature on the compressive strength of solid rounds as well as the results of recently tested large solid round bars. Correlation between the results from these tests and the current practice for the design of solid rounds is investigated. Recommendations to update the available code equations are drawn.
Investigation of Load Distribution Factors for Simply-Supported Composite Multiple Box Girder Bridges
Authors: Jawad Siham Kadhim
Published: June 2021

Composite box-girder bridges are recently used in modern highway urban system because of their profitable and structural aptitude advantages. North Americans Codes of Practice specify empirical equations for girder moment and shear forces in such bridges in the form of live load distribution factors. These factors were proven to be conservative in some cases and underestimate the response in other cases. Therefore, an extensive parametric study, using the finite-element modeling, was conducted to examine the key parameters that influence the load distribution factors of such bridges. A total of 276 prototype bridges were analyzed to evaluate girder bending moment, shear force and deflection distribution factors for simply-supported composite multiple box-girder bridges when subjected to CHBDC truck loading. Design parameters considered in this study were bridges span length, numbers of design lanes, number of box girders and girder spacing. Based on the data generated from parametric study, sets of simple empirical expressions were developed for bending moment; shear force and deflection distribution factors for such bridges. A correlation between the finite-element results with CHBDC and AASHTO-LRFD empirical expressions showed the former are more reliable in structural design of composite box-girder bridges.
Database Development for Ontario's Local Calibration of Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) Distress Models
Authors: Jannat Gulfam E.
Published: June 2021

The AASHTO Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) includes empirical distress models that need both global and local calibrations. The local calibration requires developing a database that would reflect local environments, design and maintenance practices in a particular jurisdictional region. The objective of the thesis is to develop a pavement database for local calibration before the MEPDG is to be implemented in Ontario. The database involves a hierarchical framework of the input parameters required for DARWin-ME, and the measured performance data are based on the MTO’s PMS-2. To demonstrate the validity of the developed database a preliminary local calibration including clustering analysis is carried out for the IRI and total rutting. The calibration-validation analysis suggests that the IRI model can be best clustered based on the geographical zone whereas the highway functional class is the best clustering parameter for rutting during the local calibration.
Making space for positive constructions of the mother-child relationship : the voices of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Charles Natalie
Published: June 2021

Unlike most research that employs attachment theory and ideologies of good mothering, this study takes a feminist theoretical perspective in order to explore positive aspects of the mother-child relationship, as described by mothers of children on the autism spectrum. Qualitative oral history interviews were conducted with five mothers of children diagnosed with ASD (autism spectrum disorder) in Toronto and York Region of Ontario. Four themes emerged from the data analysis: building a bond through learning and growth of the self; "you will grow with them and your love will grow"; "find support where you can from people who will understand", and all I want is the best for my child's future. The findings from this study indicate that mothers of children on the autism spectrum can experience their mother-child relationship as a positive bond, one that develops as result of the mothers' self reflection and growth, which they in turn attribute to the influence of their children, and give this bond back to their children through their mothering practices. The findings of this research study help to make the case that the scope of intervention services must be broadened to focus on facilitating, and acknowledging the positive side of the mother-child relationship amongst families of children on the autism spectrum.
Sound as Signifier: Communication and Expression Through the Sound of Clothing
Authors: Berkes Tala Kamea
Published: June 2021

Fashion, clothing, and dress have traditionally been evaluated on visual characteristics. This paper focuses on the aural qualities of clothing and on what is being communicated through sound. Semiotic theory, in particular denotation and connotation, discusses the ability of clothing to communicate through sound. Philosophical ideas of expression through music and sound emphasized the significance of feeling and experience in art and fashion. Five garments were designed as sound objects to explore this link between sound and clothing. The garments are featured in a video in which two musicians dance in the pieces. Musician Born Gold created an original film score from the recorded sounds of the pieces. These works attempted to direct the focus of fashion experience towards sound, without disregarding the cultural emphasis on visual aesthetics. The intention is to shift the way individuals relate to their clothing, to a fuller and more cognizant sensory experience.
A resource for the Edward S. Curtis Collection at the Art Gallery of Ontario
Authors: Patterson Mary Kate
Published: June 2021

This thesis intends to contextualize the Edward S. Curtis (1868-1952) material at the Art Gallery of Ontario into a resource document containing cataloguing and background information. The fully illustrated essay and document provide details of Curtis’s life’s work, The North American Indian (1907-1930). The thesis is divided into two parts: a research paper and a resource document. The first part is a research paper describing Curtis’s project and the literature surrounding it and culminating in a description of the sixty-eight pieces in the AGO collection. The second part is an illustrated resource document that catalogues one object per page and includes an extended note for each object. The AGO collection of Curtis material consists of sixty-five photogravures, one cyanotype, one postcard, and one film.
Heritage incentives programs in the province of Ontario: developing a standardized evaluation strategy
Authors: Miller Patrick  M.
Published: June 2021

Financial incentives and property tax rebates are common approaches used to
encourage the preservation and rehabilitation of heritage properties. The use of
these techniques is employed across a number of Ontario municipalities. The
purpose of this paper is to develop an evaluative strategy that can be used to
better understand the process and improve the function of these programs.
Through the review of a number of programs and relevant sources, a model was
developed to allow for program organizers to evaluate and improve their heritage
incentive strategies. This model incorporates both quantifiable indicators to
assess program performance and opportunities for participants to express their
opinions on the program process. The implementation of this program in local
municipalities could provide the opportunity to make evidence based
recommendations to improve the overall function of the heritage incentive
strategy.
Rheological Properties Of Self-Consolidating Concrete Incorporating Natural And Industrial Pozzolans
Authors: Mousa Asaad
Published: June 2021

Self-consolidation concrete (SCC) is the latest version of high performance concrete with excellent workability and high resistance to segregation and bleeding. The main objective of this project is to study the rheological properties of SCC incorporating natural and industrial pozzolans (silica fume and metakaolin, repectively) as supplementary cementing materials (SCMs). Use of such pozzolanic materials in the development of environmentally friendly and cost effective SCC can lead to sustainable construction.

In this project eleven SCC mixtures are developed by incorporating different percentages of silica fume (SF) and metakaolin (MK) as replacement of cement. However, the water cement ratio of all SCC mixtures are optimized so that all mixtures satisfied the requirements of SCC in terms of fresh properties such as workability, stability, passing ability, bleeding and segregation resistance.

This study particularly concentrates on evaluation of the rheological properties such as viscosity and yield stress of developed silica fume and metakaolin based SCC mixtures. The influence of SF and MK dosages on viscosity and yield stress of SCC mixtures are evaluated. Correlations among fresh and rheological properties are developed and critically reviewed to make recommendations.
Celebrity humanitarianism and international development an analysis of Oprah, Bono, and Angelina Jolie in Africa
Authors: Petrie Chantal
Published: June 2021

Sub-Saharan Africa has become a popular destination for Hollywood celebritites to embark on humanitarian missions, in attempt to combat the problems of poverty, AIDS, and underdevelopment in Africa. However, celebrity humanitarians take for granted that development giving is an altruistic enterprise that can only bring about positive results for the communities and peoples involved. Using three celebrity case studies, I will show how humanitarian giving can result in unforeseen consequences, even when the gift of development is given with altruistic intentions. The celebrities analyzed in this thesis including Oprah Winfrey, Paul (Bono) Hewson, and Angelina Jolie, each adopt Western consumerist strategies that are incompatible with the diverse values and worldviews found in Africa. In addition, development giving provides an unsustainable solution for a collective global future, and is not exempt from forms of inequality, dependency, domination, and exploitation that privilege the Western subject through dehumanizing others.
Speech-based human emotion recognition
Authors: Tabtabae Talieh Seyed
Published: June 2021

Automatic Emotion Recognition (AER) is an emerging research area in the Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) field.

As Computers are becoming more and more popular every day, the study of interaction between humans (users) and computers is catching more attention. In order to have a more natural and friendly interface between humans and computers, it would be beneficial to give computers the ability to recognize situations the same way a human does. Equipped with an emotion recognition system, computers will be able to recognize their users' emotional state and show the appropriate reaction to that. In today's HCI systems, machines can recognize the speaker and also content of the speech, using speech recognition and speaker identification techniques. If machines are equipped with emotion recognition techniques, they can also know "how it is said" to react more appropriately, and make the interaction more natural.

One of the most important human communication channels is the auditory channel which carries speech and vocal intonation. In fact people can perceive each other's emotional state by the way they talk. Therefore in this work the speech signals are analyzed in order to set up an automatic system which recognizes the human emotional state. Six discrete emotional states have been considered and categorized in this research: anger, happiness, fear, surprise, sadness, and disgust.

A set of novel spectral features are proposed in this contribution. Two approaches are applied and the results are compared. In the first approach, all the acoustic features are extracted from consequent frames along the speech signals. The statistical values of features are considered to constitute the features vectors. Suport Vector Machine (SVM), which is a relatively new approach in the field of machine learning is used to classify the emotional states.

In the second approach, spectral features are extracted from non-overlapping logarithmically-spaced frequency sub-bands. In order to make use of all the extracted information, sequence discriminant SVMs are adopted.

The empirical results show that the employed techniques are very promising.
Stripping Them of Legal Status: The Making and Unmaking of the Exotic Dancer Visa Program
Authors: Rimniceanu Alise
Published: June 2021

This paper explores the factors which influenced the making and unmaking of this controversial and internationally unique temporary visa program. Through a review of literature, public documents, and media records I deconstruct this policy; analyze its rationalities, assumptions and mechanisms; and conclude with a discussion on the implications for foreign-born exotic dancers whose lives are marked by Canadian politics turmoil. I argue that the government's decision to discontinue the program has negatively impacted the human rights and quality of life of foreign-born exotic dancers who, quite possibly, made the dangerous transition to the existing group of undocumented workers in Canada. While the Exotic Dancer Visa Program was problematic in many ways these migrant women were protected by legal status, thus decreasing, but not eliminating, their vulnerability as women, as immigrants, and as workers.
Skills and strategies used to manage aggression and conflict with children in residential settings
Authors: Kroll Tina
Published: June 2021

Residential settings are intended to address more serious problems which include childhood disorders, behavioural issues and emotional disturbance. Dealing with aggressive behaviours has begun to represent a multifaceted issue within residential settings indicating the need to examine the most frequently used skills and strategies of Child and Youth Workers when managing children and youth with aggressive tendencies.

It is important to implement skills and strategies that will decrease the aggressive tendencies present in children and youth however the challenge is in determining whether these approaches are productive in residential settings to manage the daily conflict and aggression that occurs.

This study is a secondary analysis of data from a study focused on Evidence-Based Practices in Group Care. The purpose of this analysis is to examine the interventions used by Child and Youth Workers to manage aggressive behavior within residential settings and determine what role if any education plays in the reported choice of the strategies they use.
A novel framework for compressed sensing brain MRI edge detection and de-noising
Authors: Zamyadi Rouzbeh
Published: June 2021

In this thesis a novel edge detection technique is developed that employs compressed sensing image reconstruction techniques. The ability of compressed sensing noise reduction is combined with wavelet transforms, acting both as a sparsifying transform as well as an edge detection media. The proposed design was implemented and simulated on a brain phantom. The simulation results were provided for a variety of different sets of variables, and the differences were explained. The results obtained are compared with other edge detection techniques already in use. One important comparison criteria is the visual quality of images; according to which the proposed technique presents improved noise reduction and edge preservation. In addition to qualitative evaluation a method of quantitative measurement based on structural content is also utilized. It is found that the values for such a measure of the proposed method is 1.0755, 1.0174 and 0.5590 for Gaussian, Speckle, and Salt & Pepper noise types respectively. These results indicate that this novel method also improves edge preservation, while the visual quality inspection indicates how much noise has been suppressed.
Bluehoc-based simulation study of user data throughput in Bluetooth-enabled devices
Authors: Rahat Syed
Published: June 2021

Bluetooth technology aims at allowing short-range communication between portable and/or fixed devices. It uses short-range radio links to replace cables between Bluetooth-enabled devices. In this way, it is similar in purpose to the Infrared Data Association (IrDA), however, Bluetooth is a radio frequency (RF) technology utilizing the unlicensed 2.5 GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band. The key features of Bluetooth technology are robustness, low power and low cost with its primary market for data and voice transfer between communication devices and PCs.

In this project, a simulation study is done with three major goals in mind: (i) to gather expertise on and evaluate a Bluetooth simulation tool called Bluehoc for further use, (ii) to gather measurements of some Bluetooth characteristics such as throughput in post connection state and (ii) to describe a model that can be used to get maximum throughput for voice and data applications. We also review some of the key aspects in Bluetooth simulation and present models of the Bluetooth devices to get maximum throughput. We show that user data transfer rate (throughput) between Bluetooth master and slaves is effected by distance, number of slaves and slave's start time.
Fact and fiction : representations of prostitution in contemporary British news media and novels
Authors: Aspevig Kristen Antonia Harris
Published: June 2021

Prostitution remains a controversial issue in the United Kingdom. The period of 2000 to 2009 saw a range of disparate solutions, from legalization to abolition, debated by policy makers and feminists and covered extensively in the news media. The debates raised questions about the public's rights, the treatment of prostitution as a legitimate form of work in the liberal economy, the limits on women's choice to enter sex work, and the extent of violence and harm experienced by sex workers. Definitions of prostitution are enacted via a complex relationship between legal and cultural discourses. The media uses certain tropes that create discursive boundaries in the debates. The first principal research question is, "How are competing discourses of prostitution conveyed in contemporary British news media?" The project provides an empirical analysis of the competing constructions of prostitution in British news media over the last decade, focusing on the depiction of sex workers, clients and the phenomenon of prostitution generally. Previous operationalizations of Habermas' theory of communication suggest that it is an effective approach for revealing distortions in media discourses. The study operationalized the validity claims of Truth, Sincerity and Legitimacy and systematically applied them to a sample of 342 articles from The Daily Mail and The Guardian, theoretically representing both the popular political right- and left-leaning framings of issues. Key findings of this project were that many media discourses are distorted compared to empirical realities, and that they are often expressed in dualisms and dichotomies. Media constructions of prostitution also reflect long-standing cultural themes. Nineteenth-century discourses of prostitutes as "fallen" -- simultaneously doomed victims and immoral seducers -- also appeared in many of the media characterizations of sex workers today. Finally, the dissertation argues that the neo-Victorian novels of Michel Faber and Sarah Waters consider prostitution with particular attention of the persistent historical cultural tropes. A second key finding of the project is that literature provides alternative ways of conceptualizing questions of "choice" and "harm." By including an examination of literature, the dissertation explores alternative, more nuanced perspectives that may allow superior understandings of the phenomenon than many of the "factual" media accounts.
Camera Work And The Alfred Stieglitz Collection At The Metropolitan Museum Of Art
Authors: Friedman Meredith A.
Published: June 2021

The Metropolitan Museum of Art (MMA) holds a significant portion of the personal art collection of Alfred Stieglitz (1864-1946), photographer, publisher, gallery dealer and champion of photography. The Department of Photographic is home to 733 photographic objects by Stieglitz and artists whose work he collected, and 349 publications from Stieglitz's library, including his personal set of Camera Work, a journal he conceived published, and edited from 1903 to 1917. This thesis is an applied project that focuses on cataloguing Camera Work in The Museum System (TMS), the MMA's collection database system. The 191 prints and photographs in the Stieglitz Collection, which are associated with reproductions in the journal, are cross-referenced within the newly created bibliographic records. The thesis provides background information on Stieglitz, his collection at the MMA and Camera Work, along with detailed description of the project, cataloguing methodology, and an illustrated appendix listing and illustrating each of the 191 collection objects with their respective issues and reproduction methods.
A Case Study in Actual Building Performance and Energy Modeling with Real Weather Data
Authors: Mehta Cherag
Published: June 2021

As part of this study, an issue has been identified with regards to there being a performance gap with energy efficient buildings. This has been validated through literature review in the areas of occupancy behavior, modeling accuracy and reviewing energy consumption of energy efficient buildings. In order to analyze the error generated between predicted and actual energy performance, a case study approach has been adopted. The Ron Joyce Centre is a LEED Gold Certified building that is part of the McMaster University campus in Burlington. Actual energy performance data has been collected along with detailed drawings to analyze its predicted energy performance using real weather data over a two-year period in eQUEST. The results indicate that eQuest is able to predict electrical consumption within 0.72% of actual on an annual basis. However, natural gas consumption is more erratic and inconsistent based on heating degree days and has fluctuating values with differences ranging between 21% to 4.5% on monthly basis. The overall predicted energy consumption for 2012 is 1096133 kWh and 33227 m
New Migration Motives and New Settlement Challenges: Integration Experience of Korean Immigrants in the Toronto CMA
Authors: Oh Byung Chun
Published: June 2021

This paper explores the migration motives and the integration experiences of recent Korean immigrants in the Toronto CMA, who are significantly different from their previous cohorts in terms of migration motives, socio-economic status, and settlement experiences. These differences can be attributed to changes in social transformation and economic development in Korea as well as to accelerated globalization and global migration trends. Recent Korean immigrants are characterized as middle-income earners who possess higher levels of education, skills, and wealth, with a strong desire to educate their children in developed Western countries where English is an official language. Despite recent Korean immigrants' increased human capital, their labour market integration has experienced great difficulties mainly due to a lack of Canadian official language skills. In addition, since the end of the twentieth Century, Korean migrants have increasingly been choosing Canada over the United States as their destination of migration. This shift indicates that Koreans are looking for new answers in search of better lives for their futures.
Free Vibration Analysis Of Horizontally Curved Composite Concrete Deck Over Steel I-Girder Bridges
Authors: Wodzinowski Radek A.
Published: June 2021

Curved composite I-girder bridges provide an excellent solution to problems of urban congestion, traffic and pollution, but their behavior is quite complex due to the coupled bending and torsion response of the bridges. Moreover, dynamic behavior of curved bridges further complicates the problem. The majority of curved bridges today are designed using complex analytical methods; therefore, a clear need exists for simplified design methods in the form of empirical equations for the structural design parameters. In this thesis paper, a sensitivity study is conducted to examine the effect of various design parameters on the free-vibration response of curved composite I-girder bridges. To determine their fundamental frequency and corresponding mode shape an extensive parametric study is conducted on 336 straight and curved bridges. From the results of the parametric study, simple-to-use equations are developed to predict the fundamental frequency of curved composite I-girder bridges. It is shown that the developed equations are equally applicable to curved simply supported and composite multi-span bridges with equal span lengths.
International Students as Immigrants : Transition challenges and strengths of current and former students
Authors: Kelly Nicole T.
Published: June 2021

Despite recent government policies aimed at attracting international students as immigrants, little research has involved this population directly. This study explores the experiences of international students in their transition to permanent resident. Data gathered from fifteen semi-structured interviews with current and former international students seek to answer: Why do international students decide to remain in Canada after graduating? What challenges do they face during this transition? What strengths do they possess and what strategies do they use to help them become permanent residents? The findings suggest differing levels of need for support services during their transition and the strong impact of individual decisions on integration success. Participants and the author make recommendations for improving the immigration process.
Audio description in the Chinese community
Authors: Xue Fei
Published: June 2021

The motivation of this research is to apply audio description to films designed for or about the Chinese community. It aims to examine the differences and similarities of expectations and evaluations of audio description between the Chinese and Canadian communities. An integrated audio described film was produced for the film, ‘Magical Coincidence’. Two phases of interviews were conducted among Chinese and Canadian participants. The results show that differences exist not only in nationalities, but also in genders. This research confirms the necessity of applying audio description to films for the Chinese community, and provides suggestions for the production process.
Collision prediction on combined horizontal and vertical alignments of two-lane rural highways
Authors: You Qing Chong
Published: June 2021

This study investigates the safety effects of combined horizontal and vertical alignments using accident occurrences on two-lane rural highways in Washington. Eight statistical models were developed to establish the relationships between vehicle accidents and their associated factors for eight combinations of alignments by the Poisson, negative binomial, zero-inflated Poisson, and zero-inflated negative binomial. Three selected models were validated. The findings show that degree of curvature is the most successful predictor for horizontal curves combined with vertical alignments. A minimum ratio of 25 of vertical curve radius to horizontal curve radius is recommended for a curve with radius of smaller than 6000 ft (or 1830 m). Vertical curves have relatively little influence on accident occurrences at horizontal tangents. The grade value and length of a grade increase accident occurrences when a horizontal curve or tangent is on a grade. A smaller curve should be avoided introducing at a steep grade.
How she sees it: cataloguing and rehousing the Arleen Schloss Super 8mm film collection at Anthology Film Archives
Authors: Mark Traci
Published: June 2021

This thesis is an applied cataloguing project wherein 180 Super 8mm films by multidisciplinary artist Arleen Schloss were catalogued at Anthology Film Archives from January-June 2016. Schloss is known mainly for her performance work within the Downtown New York art scene in the late 1970s/1980s, and for founding A's, a performance and art venue available for artists to show and experiment with their work. The objective of this thesis project was to catalogue Schloss's Super 8mm film collection at Anthology, while also conducting research on her artistic practice during the period she was most actively making films. There are two chapters; the first explores Schloss's background as an artist and gives context for the Downtown New York art scene and her place within it. The second chapter is a case study that details the cataloguing process of Schloss's Super 8mm films, and it also provides preservation recommendations for future use.
Investigation of the effect of magnetic field on the chemical oxygen demand removal of wastewater
Authors: Jagadeesh Anup
Published: June 2021

This study investigated the effect of magnetic field on the biological treatment of wastewater at varied liquid volumetric flow rates. Wastewater quality is measured by Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) which quantifies the amount of oxygen required to chemically oxidize organic compounds present in the water. The results obtained from the present study show that at the flow rate of 6.7 x 10⁻⁵ m³s⁻¹ there was a significant effect on the COD removal. At lower flow rates the magnetic field had more time to act on the microorganisms which in-turn increased the COD removal rate. However at flow rates 3.3 x 10⁻⁴ to 1.2 x 10⁻⁴ m³s⁻¹ the effect of the applied magnetic field on the COD removal decreased slightly.
Vapour Diffusion Open Arctic Wall: A Comparison of Moisture Accumulation Potential Versus Other Cellulose Superinsulation Strategies
Authors: Brun Cory
Published: June 2021

Superinsulation is becoming increasingly attractive in the construction of energy efficient new homes or energy retrofit projects. By increasing the thermal insulation inside walls, new possible unforeseen building durability issues arise that were otherwise not present during standard 2”x6” construction, as there is less potential for drying. The reduced drying is often attributed to using low permeance materials in the building enclosure. One method to combat the reduced drying potential is to use the highest permeable vapour diffusion open materials for all building enclosure components such as the “Arctic Wall”. The purpose of this study is to determine how the Arctic Wall performs in Fairbanks, Alaska in addition to other climates, and how it also compares with other common vapour diffusion open methods.

The results of experimental simulation using WUFI 5.2 hygrothermal software have shown that all vapour diffusion open walls have a potential for condensation that is most dominated by the heating load across the climates that were tested. The Arctic Wall was found to be safe to use in all climates using the tested methods, but still poses a potential risk due to potential condensation due to air leakage. The results of this study have shown that the Arctic Wall performed on par with other vapour diffusion open strategies.
Modeling of the Lightning Return Stroke Current at a Tall Structure Using the Derivative of the Heidler Function
Authors: Bitner Kristofer
Published: June 2021

Traditionally tall structures have been modeled as simple lossless transmission lines. This model is inadequate for the CN Tower, which may be modeled as a series of transmission lines with different characteristic impedances resulting in a reflection coefficient at each discontinuity. Analysis shows that these vary significantly and are related to the ratio of the current derivative peak to the current derivative 10%-90% risetime, suggesting that they are frequency dependent. The magnitude of the reflection from the return stroke front, if it does exist, is much smaller that was previously proposed. An alternative approach to modeling, based on modeling the current derivative, is proposed and it is found to provide a better match with the measured waveforms. The CN Tower is modeled as a series of uniform lossless transmission lines and the channel is represented by the MTLL model. The features of the measured magnetic field waveform are well reproduced.
Flexural Strengthening of Reinforced Concrete Beams with Mechanically Bonded Steel Plates
Authors: Kashif Syed Ali
Published: June 2021

Steel plate bonding technology is widely accepted for the strengthening of reinforced concrete structures. Researches in the past showed that epoxy bonded steel plated composite beams are highly prone to variation in temperature and environmental conditions. This research study introduces a novel approach to steel plate composite beam in which bond between the concrete and the steel plate is provided by welding the steel plate to the legs of the uniformly spaced stirrups. Experimental investigation showed that the parameters such as interface connections, geometric dimensions, stirrups spacing and thickness of steel plate have a great influence on the strength, deformation and failure characteristics of such composite beams. A finite element model has been developed using commercial software, ABAQUS, to predict the strength of such composite beams and its performance is validated through experimental results. The direct finite element simulation of proposed composite beams with developed finite element model gives an average of experimental to predicted strength ratio of 0.99, which comfirms the accuracy of prediction. The finite element model is then used to simulate a large number of numerical beams with varying geometric and material properties to formulate design guidelines. Design charts are developed and their performance is validated through test results with experimental to design chart predictions giving an average value of 0.94. Design procedures for such beams are illustrated with calculated design examples. Such simple design procedures can be adopted in the actual design of proposed composite beams in practical applications.
Electrochemical removal of zinc and nickel ions from wastewater using porous electrodes
Authors: Sabir Qazi
Published: June 2021

Simulated wastewater containing Ni++ and Zn++ was treated using an electrochemical cell. Porous aluminum cathode and porous stainless steel anode were used in a flow-through configuration. For porous catholdes, both aluminium foam and corrugated aluminum plates having perforations were used. To study the effects of applied voltage and volumetric liquid flux on the removal of Ni++ and Zn++, the electrochemical cell was operated for 48 hours at different applied voltages of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 V, and at different volumetric liquid fluxes both in the laminar (0.00471 and 0.00943 m³.m-².s-¹) and turbulent regimes (0.01414, 0.01886 and 0.02357 m³.m-².s-¹). For the maximum removal of both nickel and zinc ions, the optimum applied voltage and volumetric liquid flux were found to be 12 V and 0.02357 m³.m-².s-¹, respectively; under these operating conditions, the concentrations of Ni++ and Zn++ in the simulated wastewater were reduced by 85.5% and 98%, respectively. Operating beyond an applied voltage of 12 V, the removal of Zn++ was slightly improved and achieved a maximum value of 99.05% at 25 V; however, an opposite trend was observed in case of Ni++ removal, which finally decreased to 56% at 25 V., because of the excessive precipitation of Ni++ as nickel hydoroxide.
Using Sensors (IoT) to Monitor and Improve the Efficiency of Living Green Infrastructure in Urban Development (Literature Review)
Authors: Afroze Zarin
Published: June 2021

The use of information and communication technology for environmental purposes in urban development can help establish a smart city. Creating a network of sensors that monitor the various parameters of living structure would allow industry professionals to better manage, plan and design storm water mitigation practices. By using IoT, the data from the sensors is stored in the cloud where it can be retrieved and analyzed as needed. There are currently monitoring systems that focus on one particular aspect of the urban environment such as storm water, air pollution or green roofs but this literature review focuses on how these individual approaches can be combined into one to monitor various aspects of living infrastructure including hydrological, atmospheric, soil based and ecological. Based on the literature available, several limitations are identified that need to be addressed before such a monitoring system is possible and can be incorporated into mainstream practice.