bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Risk factors for implantable cardioverter defibrillator in patients with premature ventricular contractions in Olmstate County
Authors: Hu Shan , Liu Beilei , Cha Yong-Mei , Wu Gang
Published: January 2024

Background: Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) are
associated with an increased risk of implanting implantable cardioverter
defibrillator (ICD). Therefore, our study aimed to predict the risk
factors for implantable cardioverter defibrillator in patients with
premature ventricular contractions. Methods: A total of 309
patients (male 57%, mean age 66.73±16.12) in Olmstate Countywho had
premature ventricular contractions and received a 24-hour
electrocardiography monitoring were included between January 1994 and
September 2010 at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. All these patients
were continuously followed o Jun 2015. Student’s t-test, Chi-square,
univariate and multivariate Logistic regression models were used to
estimate the relationship between the risk factors and the incidence of
implanting implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) in PVCs
patients. Kaplan–Meier curve of survival in PVCs patients with ICD or
free-ICD. Results: The average follow-up time was 9.3±3.9
years, in which 43 (13.9%) patients died and 24 (7.8%) patients had
received ICD therapy. Sex, age, pulse pressure, early repolarization
syndrome (ERS), heart rate, PVC coupling interval, QRS duration, left
ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic
dimension (LVEDD) and left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVESD),
diabetes were significantly associated with the mortality and the
incidence of implanting ICD. Using a multivariate logistic regression
model adjusted for potential confounders, showed that LVEF (OR=0.916,
95% CI:0.881 to 0.953, p<0.001) and pulse pressure (OR=1.032,
95% CI:1.001-1.064, p=0.045) were independent factors for ICD implant
in PVCs patients. Moreover, implantation of ICD may not reduce mortality
in patients with ventricular premature. Conclusions: Increased
pulse pressure was associated a higher incidence of ICD in PVCs
patients, among many electrocardiographic and clinical variables
studied. We also showed that PVs patients with ICD were at high risk of
death, and the great pulse pressure was linked with higher morality in
PVCs patients.
A Comprehensively Dynamic Immune Response Acetylation Network Induced by Pathogen Puccinia polysora in Maize
Authors: Guo Jianfei , Ma Zhigang , Deng Ce , Ding Junqiang , Chang Yuxiao
Published: January 2024

Lysine-ε-acetylation (Kac) is a reversible post-translational
modification that plays important roles during plant-pathogen
interactions. Some pathogens can deliver secreted effectors that encode
acetyltransferase or deacetylases into host cell directly modify
acetylation of host proteins. However, how Kac dynamically affects
defense response remains unclear. We describe a highly dynamic Kac
catalog from pathogen colonization to symptom visible in maize. Mass
spectrometry-based approach was performed to quantify the protein
abundance and levels of Kac proteins in southern-corn rust
(SCR)-resistant and susceptible maize infected with Puccinia
polysora for 0h, 12h, 24h, 48h and 72h. Proteome-wide analysis
identified 7412 Kac site from 4697 proteins, in which 1732 Kac sites in
1006 proteins were quantified. Among them 1680 and 7128 Kac sites were
novelly found in quantified and identified dataset, respectively. The
Kac motif -Y/W/F-X-X-Kac-Y/P/T/S/N- was specifically found in this
study. The proteins involved in signaling transduction, defense
response, cell wall fortification, ROS scavenging, redox reaction and
proteostasis were differentially acetylated, and some of them Kac levels
presented converse pattern in SCR-resistant and susceptible maize. Our
acetylproteomics not only greatly extending our knowledge of in
vivo acetylation during plant-pathogen interactions but also firstly
providing a comprehensively dynamic Kac catalog for plant immune
response.
Illuminating the links between gut microbiome composition and diet in two omnivorous African viverrids
Authors: Storm Malou , Langkjær Emilia , Bodawatta Kasun , Simelane Phumlile , Denlinger Jason , Dias Celina , Conceição Ana da , Monadjem Ara , Bohmann Kristine , Poulsen Michael
Published: January 2024

Microbial communities in guts flexibly adjust to changes in host dietary
intakes, but the relationship between diet and gut microbiome is still
poorly studied in wild animals. DNA metabarcoding approaches are
frequently used to characterise diets or gut microbiomes of diverse
species. However, to date, no study has combined these approaches to
investigate diet-gut microbiome associations in wild mammals with
diverse and fluctuating dietary intakes, such as omnivores. Here, we do
this for two African mammals, Civettictis civetta and Genetta spp., from
the family Viverridae. We characterised bacterial communities and
identified taxonomic groups within diet by sequencing vertebrate,
invertebrate and plant markers on faecal samples. This led us to
establish diet compositions that diverged from what has previously been
found using visual identification methods for these species.
Specifically, while the two genera have been categorised into the same
dietary guild, we detected more animal-based diets in C. Civetta, and
higher proportions of plants consumed by Genetta spp. Diet similarity
correlated with gut microbiome similarity in Genetta spp., indicating
that plant consumption may be an important driver of gut microbiome
structure. The novel insights we provide into the omnivorous diet of C.
civetta and Genetta spp. highlight the importance of detailed
identification of the dietary guild of species, not only for ecology and
conservation, but also when researching how diet shapes the gut
microbiome.
The least-squares solutions of two kinds of matrix equations
Authors: Zhang Huiting , Yuan Yuying , Yuan Yongxin
Published: January 2024

In this paper, the least-squares solutions to the matrix equations
$AX_{1}+X_{2}A^{\ast}+BY_{1}C+C^{\ast}Y_{2}B^{\ast}=E$
and
$A^{\ast}X+X^{\ast}A+B^{\ast}YC+C^{\ast}Y^{\ast}B=D$
are discussed. By using the singular value decompositions and the
canonical correlation decompositions (CCDs) of some matrices, the
explicit expressions of the least-squares solutions to the above matrix
equations are provided.
Bat diversity and hantavirus infection in fragmented landscapes of south-eastern Brazil
Authors: Sabino-Santos Gilberto , Muylaert Renata L. , Maia Felipe Gonçalves Motta , Melo Danilo Machado , Vieira Thallyta Maria , Marques Marcio Schafer , Douglas Kirk , Goodin Douglas , Jonsson Colleen B. , Salazar-Bravo Jorge , Figueiredo Luiz Tadeu
Published: January 2024

Hantaviruses are zoonotic viruses harboured and assumed to be
transmitted to humans by rodents. Numerous species of hantaviruses have
been identified in a broad range of vertebrate animals expanding the
potential reservoirs and range of these viruses. To elucidate ecological
patterns influencing hantavirus infection among bats and then the
dynamics of hantavirus transmission in south-eastern Brazil, 275 bats
were captured from February 2012 to April 2014, in distinct landscapes
with varying forest amounts. We investigated potential ecological
correlates related to hantavirus infection among 53 bats tested for
serological evidence of infection. Areas with low intermediate values
for species diversity and high dominance of species had higher infection
counts than other areas, but the correlations were non-significant. With
intermediate amounts of percentage of forest cover presented higher
infection counts were observed. More studies should address differences
in probabilities of hantavirus infection across species since they may
have different ecological requirements. We report potential ecological
correlates for hantavirus infection among bats and provide data on bat
diversity and distribution across seven fragmented landscapes
compositions in the Neotropics. We suggest that bats may play an
underestimated role in the interspecies transmission dynamics of
hantaviruses, especially within the context of fragmented landscapes.
Significant response to targeted therapy for Cervico-Medullary pediatric low grade glial tumors with BRAFV600E mutation
Authors: Campino Gadi Abebe , Caspi Shani , Constantini Shlomi , Shrot Shai , Roth Jonathan , Nass Dvora , Lurye Michal , Toren Amos , Yalon Michal
Published: January 2024

Purpose: Children with unresectable cervico-medullary low-grade glial
tumors (CMTs) have poor progression-free survival when treated with
conventional chemotherapy and radiation. The BRAFV600E mutation occurs
in many low-grade glial tumors that are amenable for targeted therapy
using mutation-specific kinase inhibitors. However, these inhibitors’
effectiveness and best treatment duration in these tumors setting are
not defined. Method: Retrospective description of three cases of
childhood cervico-medullary low-grade tumor with BRAFV600E mutation and
their response to BRAF inhibitor therapy with Dabrafenib. Results:
Dabrafenib therapy was provided as first line for two patients and
second line for one patient with CMTs. All patients experienced rapid
tumor regression and significant and durable clinical and radiological
improvement. The targeted therapy was tolerated well in two patients
despite the long-term use of 3-5 years, while one patient stopped
therapy after 1 year due to serious adverse event that was reversible
upon discontinuing therapy. Conclusion: Dabrafenib was effective and
well-tolerated in two of the three patients. We observed clinical and
radiological response that demonstrates the role of targeted therapy as
alternative for adjuvant chemotherapy and radiation in BRAFV600E
unresectable tumors. These cases indicate the need to re-evaluate the
therapeutic approach in children with CMT, the early use of Dabrafenib
and the treatment duration and to explore the possible adverse and late
effects of this promising therapy.
Ana o 3 sIgE and diagnostic algorithms reduce overall cost of diagnosis of cashew allergy in children compared to skin prick test alone: a cost comparison analysis
Authors: Brettig Tim , Dalziel Kim , Koplin Jennifer , Dang Thanh , Lange Lars , McWillliam Vicki , Sato Sakura , Savvatianos Savvas , P Kirsten Perrett
Published: January 2024

Background: In the absence of a clear clinical history of
reaction, diagnosis of cashew allergy using skin prick tests (SPT) or
cashew-specific IgE requires a high number of oral food challenges
(OFC). We recently showed that Ana o 3 sIgE alone, or a two-step
diagnostic algorithm using cashew sIgE followed by Ana o 3 sIgE can
reduce need for OFC. We aimed to determine if either of these approaches
can provide a cost reduction to the health system compared to cashew SPT
alone. Methods: Pooled individual level data from 6 studies was
used to determine diagnostic accuracy and OFC rate. Two studies used
cashew SPT (n=567, 198 allergic), with 95% positive and negative
predictive values of ≥12mm and <3mm. Four studies were
included in the pathways for Ana o 3 sIgE alone or a 2-step algorithm
incorporating cashew and Ana o 3 sIgE (n=271, 156 allergic). Cut-offs
used were ≥8.5kUA/L and ≤0.1kUA/L for cashew sIgE and ≥0.35kUA/L and
≤0.1kUA/L for Ana o 3 sIgE. Costs were constructed based on unit prices
from hospital inpatient admissions, expenses incurred by families,
individual patient data on allergic reaction types and rates and
adrenaline autoinjector carriage, applying a health system perspective.
Results: Modelled data through the Ana o 3 pathway resulted in
a 46.43% cost reduction (\euro307,406/1000 patients)
compared to using cashew SPT alone (\euro573,854/1000
patients). The 2-step algorithm resulted in a 44.94% cost reduction
compared to SPT alone (\euro315,952.82/1000 patients).
Both the Ana o 3 pathway and 2-step algorithm resulted in a 79-80%
reduction in OFCs compared to SPT. Conclusions: Using Ana o 3
as a standalone test for cashew allergy diagnosis or a 2-step algorithm
incorporating cashew sIgE and Ana o 3 sIgE is accurate and results in a
large reduction in both OFCs and health system costs compared to cashew
SPT alone.
Testing for niche partitioning and specialization in plant-frugivore interactions using generalized joint attribute modeling
Authors: Yohe Laurel , Leiser-Miller Leith , Kaliszewska Zofia , Whitehead Susan , Santana Sharlene , Davalos Liliana
Published: January 2024

We use generalized joint attribute modeling (GJAM) to estimate how the
proclivity to consume different Piper species varies among three
syntopic Carollia species my depend on bat traits (e.g., body
size and age) or Piper fruit traits. How these ecologically and
morphologically similar bats coexist is unclear. Compared to the
Piper-specialist Carollia castanea, generalist C.
perspicillata had a higher proclivity for several Piper species
that were the lowest ranked for the specialist, indicating some degree
of niche partitioning. Piper proclivity estimates were associated
with bat forearm length and age after controlling for bat species,
reproductive condition and sex. However, neither fruit nor seed shape
influence dietary differences among bats. Understanding the mechanisms
of coexistence for closely related species with a high degree of
morphological and behavioral similarity is complex, but simultaneously
controlling for multiple sources of variation among different data types
allowed us to discover key differences in resource consumption and
traits contributing to niche partitioning among frugivores.
First experience: low junction-dose-gradient VMAT based on standard linac with true attachment free for total body irradiation
Authors: Xu Zhi-yuan , Yang Li , Jiang Xiaoqin , Zhou Cheng , Chen Longhua , Hui Tim
Published: January 2024

Purpose: We develop a new low junction-dose-gradient VMAT planning
technique to mitigate the position-induced dose error based on standard
linac with true attachment free. Methods: An eight years old girl
diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia underwent TBI in 2020. Target
volumes and organs at risk were contoured on 2 sets of CT scan done in
head-first supine and feet-first supine positions respectively. Two
component plans were then created in sequence, firstly a base plan that
covered the caudal half of the target volume with shallow dose gradient
toward the cranial end, secondly a plan that covered the cranial half
with matching dose gradient toward the caudal end. The final product was
a composite plan that is dosimetrically matched at the junction region
of the 2 component plans. Results: Average time for on-board image
position verification per fraction was 40.3 minutes. Average beam on
time per fraction was 37.2 minutes. Average time for changing from head
first to feet first treatment position and on board imaging verification
was 18.4 minutes. Average mean lung dose was 9.89 Gy, Maximum lens dose
was 7.6 Gy. Mean dose and maximum dose of planning target volume (PTV)
were 12.17 Gy and 13.65 Gy respectively. 98.23% of PTV was covered by
90 % of the prescribed dose. Mean dose and V10.8 of PTV are only
slightly different (0.49% - 1.89% and 0.26% - 1.04% respectively)
even with an error of 5 - 20mm longitudinal misalignments. Gamma passing
rate (3mm/ 3% Gamma criteria) are between 93.5% and 100%. Real-time
dose monitoring showed an overall deviation of -3.9% ± 5.51%.
Conclusions: Low junction-dose-gradient VMAT based on standard linac
with true attachment free for total body irradiation is feasible,
accurate, and reliable. It is worthy of clinical application.
Pain assessment in labouring women using self-report tools: a scoping review
Authors: Azizan Azha Syahril , Ismail Ainol Suraya , Kasim Aminatulmunirah , Yusoff Mohd Azam Mohd , Shafiei Raja Norfadilah Raja Ahmad , Basir Nur Hafizah Muhamad , Radzi Muhammad Aa'zamuddin Ahmad
Published: January 2024

Background Childbirth progress is much related to labour pain, whereby
the progress can be predicted using suitable pain assessment tools.
Objective To summarise methodology used for the assessment includes
scales, questionnaires, tests, and other methods used to assess pain
severity and childbirth progress in labouring women. Search strategy
Elsevier® Scopus and MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval
System Online, or MEDLARS Online accessed using PubMed®) were
systematically searched in November 2021. Selection criteria Original
research utilising pain assessment tools to assess pain severity and
labour progress. Data collection and analysis Data on study
characteristics, labour pain assessment tools, and labour evaluation are
qualitatively synthesised. Main results There are various types of pain
assessment tools that were identified. Nineteen (19) papers used the
Visual Analogue Scale to measure the pain in labouring women, 14 studies
used McGill Pain Questionnaire, and one (1) study used the questionnaire
in the Danish version, while seven (7) papers used numerical rating
scale in their studies to assess the labour pain in labouring women. For
the progression of labour, ten (10) research papers assess the labour
progress by examining cervical dilation and two (2) papers address the
duration of labour as the measurement in their studies. Conclusions Many
pains assessment tools are available to measure pain in labouring women.
Most articles used the Visual Analogue Scale to assess childbirth pain
with cervical dilatation to assess the labour progress. However, there
is still limited information available in the literature about suitable
pain assessment to predict labour progress.
Opportunities and challenges of incretins-based hypoglycemic agents treating of T2DM from the insight of physiological disposition
Authors: Xie Yaochen , He Qiaojun , Wang Xiaoyi , Wang Jincheng
Published: January 2024

The treatment on patients with T2DM who suffered from defective in
insulin secretion and inability of tissues responding to insulin
properly have been studied for decades. Currently, incretins-based
hypoglycemic agents have become a focus in treating T2DM and this kind
of drugs could be classified as GLP-1 receptor agonists which mimic the
function of GLP-1 and DPP-4 antagonists which avoid GLP-1 being
degraded. Both of them focused on GLP-1 polypeptide. Since
incretins-based hypoglycemic agents are widely used, the physiological
disposition is of great significance in discovering more effective drugs
and providing guidance on clinicals for treating T2DM. In the review, we
summarize the mechanisms of these two kinds of drugs and provide
information of the drugs currently be approved. In addition, the
physiological disposition of each type of GLP-1 receptor agonists and
DPP-4 antagonists are thoroughly reviewed. By this review, based on the
physiological disposition of these drugs, patients with different
situation could choose the drugs based on their physical conditions and
the need of supplementary treatment in avoid of drug interactions. We
also hope some drugs with novel structure with appropriate physiological
disposition could be inspired and invented.
Linking sediment microbial community traits to environmental changes in the Yarlung Tsangpo River
Authors: Liu Keshao , Hu Anyi , Zhang Lanping , Zeng Qiaoting , yan qi , Wang Feng , Zhang Zhihao , Xiao Xiong , Liu Junzhi , Liu Yongqin
Published: January 2024

Knowledge about the ecological patterns of abundant and rare bacteria in
regulated river ecosystems, especially with respect to their community
traits, is an important but poorly investigated subject. In this study,
we examined the community assembly of abundant and rare bacteria, as
well as their environmental adaptation, across complex environmental
gradients in sediments of the Yarlung Tsangpo River on the Tibetan
Plateau. Results showed that abundant taxa exhibited broader
environmental thresholds and stronger phylogenetic signals for
ecological traits than rare taxa. In contrast, rare taxa were more
sensitive to environmental changes and showed stronger phylogenetic
clustering. Although both subcommunities exhibited significant
distance-decay patterns, the abundant subcommunity was governed
primarily by dispersal limitation, while the rare subcommunity was
strongly driven by heterogeneous selection. The similar distribution
patterns but contrasting assembly mechanisms affecting abundant and rare
subcommunities resulted from the differences in environmental
adaptation. Forest area and total nitrogen were key factors in
determining the stochastic and deterministic assembly for abundant and
rare subcommunities, respectively. Additionally, rare taxa might play
potential roles in maintaining network stability, although they were
less connected and located more peripherally within the network.
Collectively, our study provides a new perspective for the ecological
signiﬁcance of abundant and rare bacteria in fluvial sediments, and
facilitates the prediction of microbial responses to ongoing
environmental changes in the Yarlung Tsangpo River.
Left Ventricle only single lead pacing in a patient with a tricuspid mechanical valve and a previous coronary sinus malfunctioning lead
Authors: Grazina Andre , Cunha Pedro Silva , Oliveira Mário
Published: January 2024

Prosthetic tricuspid valves make permanent pacing challenging. We
describe a case of a patient with several previous heart surgeries with
a mechanical tricuspid valve and a previous malfunctioning left
ventricle lead and recurrent syncope. A quadripolar lead was placed in
the coronary sinus, using a specific left ventricle sensing algorithm.
Trends in Pediatric Cancers over 10 years from a Hospital based Registry in Pakistan
Authors: Ali Ayesha Arshad , Pervaiz Saadia , Ashfaque Nabeel , Jabbar Adnan , Fadoo Zehra
Published: January 2024

BACKGROUND: In the absence of population based cancer registries,
hospital records can only highlight the importance of collection and
analysis of data to address the burden of cancer among children. For
this purpose, a hospital-based registry’s pediatric cancer data
(individuals aged 0-18 at diagnosis) from 2010 to 2019 was compiled and
analyzed at AKUH in Karachi, Pakistan. METHODS: A paper-based system is
used to record all interactions with patients at the hospital. A
dedicated team of Cancer Registrars transcribe this data onto a US based
registry software; CNExT. Registry data was extracted through software
generated reports and compiled for analysis. RESULTS: The total number
of children presented at our center was 2,694, out of which 1,673 were
males while 1,021 were females. Top 5 sites were bone marrow (n=887),
central nervous system (n=481), lymphoid tumors (n=294) bone (n=255) and
soft tissues (n=145). All other sites contributed to 632 cases, 23.5%
of the total patient population. Furthermore, 806 patients were aged
0-4, 627 were aged 5-9, 684 were aged 10-14 while 966 patients were
15-19 years old.. A consistent increase of 210% was noted during the
10-year period. CONCLUSION: Our database analysis shows that the top
cancer sites are consistent with other databases around the world.
Increase in numbers may reflect awareness and referral pattern
emphasizing the need for capacity building at the national level to
accommodate patients locally so families don’t have to travel over
provincial and international borders to receive treatment.
Direct evidence of the contribution of foliar absorption to cadmium contamination in rice grains and roots based on 108 Cd isotope labeling experiments
Authors: Zhu Zhen , Xu Zhangqian , Peng Jianwei , Tan Yifan , Yu Pengyue , Wang Maodi , Huang Ying
Published: January 2024

Excessive accumulation of cadmium (Cd) in rice due to continuous
anthropogenic emissions to farmlands has become a severe threat to food
safety. Previous studies have identified atmospheric depositions as the
major sources for Cd accumulation in soil and confirmed that Cd in the
soil is absorbed by roots and then translocated to the grains in rice.
However, the contribution of airborne Cd to grain accumulation in rice
is unknown. Therefore, the present study conducted a pot experiment
using stable Cd isotope ( Cd) labeling to
investigate the distribution and accumulation of foliar absorbed Cd in
rice and accurately quantify the contribution of foliar uptake to Cd
accumulation in grains. The results showed that the total Cd content in
rice increased with an increase in foliar exposure concentration, and
the content of Cd accumulation in leaves and husks showed a more
significant increment than grains and roots. The distribution of
Cd was the highest in roots, followed by shoots,
husks, and grains in control (CK) treatment without foliar exposure.
Meanwhile, under Cd foliar exposure, the
Cd content was the highest in husks, followed by
shoots, roots, and grains; the differences were significant at higher
exposure concentrations. The contribution of foliar uptake to the
accumulation of Cd in rice husks (48.96%–88.24%) was higher than that
in the shoots (23.13%–44.11%), followed by grains (22.13%–24.15%)
and roots (4.57%–21%). Husks showed a significant ability to absorb
and accumulate airborne Cd. Moreover, Cd labeling
showed that the foliar absorbed Cd got transported to the roots, with
1.24%–1.93% of airborne Cd transported to the roots through the
phloem; however, it accounted for 4.57%–15.21% of the total Cd
accumulation in roots. These results prove that foliar uptake
contributed significantly to Cd accumulation in rice. The study provides
a theoretical basis for preventing Cd accumulation in rice to ensure
food safety.
Changes in the rate of hospitalizations related to cocaine abuse in France: analysis of the national hospital discharge database
Authors: Eiden Céline , Roy Sophie , Malafaye Nicolas , Lehmann Michel , Peyriere Helene
Published: January 2024

In France, the abuse/misuse of psychoactive substances, including
cocaine, is monitored via spontaneous notifications, and under-reporting
is its main limitation. Therefore, the French national hospital
discharge database (PMSI) was used to identify all hospital stays
possibly due to complications related to cocaine use. Hospitalizations
for cocaine-related complications increased by 4-fold between 2010 and
2019. This increase was similar in men and women, and was observed in
each age category. Patients were mainly men, with a median age of 38.5
and 35.2 years for men and women, respectively, in 2019. Cocaine
poisoning in pediatric patients (0-9 years) concerned less than 10
patients in 2010 and 21 patients in 2019. PMSI data analysis shows an
overall increase of cocaine-related hospitalizations that can be linked
in part to an increasing recreational use. The increase of pediatric
cases of cocaine poisoning suggest a trivialization of these cocaine
consumption.
A new peptide alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by restricting oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress
Authors: Liu Nainxin , Li Yilin , Yang Ying , Shu Longjun , Liu Yixiang , Wu Yutong , Sun Dandan , Kang Zijian , Dong Ying , Zhang Yue , Ni Dan , Wei Ziqi , Li Shanshan , Yang Meifeng , Wang Ying , Sun Jun , Yang Xinwang
Published: January 2024

Background and Purpose: Ischemia reperfusion (I/R) is the main cause of
acute ischemic stroke injury. However, existing treatments for I/R
injury are relatively poor, and relevant drugs need to be further
explored. Experimental Approach: In this study, the neuroprotective
function and related mechanism of OL-FS13 were studied through rat I/R
model and PC12 cell model of oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation
model (OGD/R), combined with cell viability experiment, tissue H&E and
Nissl staining experiment and Western blot experiment. Key Results: In
this study, we identified a novel neuroprotective peptide (OL-FS13,
amino acid sequence: FSLLLTWWRRRVC) from the odorous frog species
Odorrana livida using a constructed cDNA library. OL-FS13 significantly
alleviated brain injury from cerebral I/R in rats by reducing infarct
volume in the brain, improving behavioral and histological
abnormalities, and rescuing PC12 cell from damage caused by oxygen
glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). Mechanistically, OL-FS13
increased the level of antioxidative enzymes to resist oxidative stress
induced by I/R and OGD/R by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and
alleviated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induced by OGD/R by
inhibiting the IRE1α/TRAF2/JNK pathway. Conclusion and Implications:
Collectively, the novel peptide exerted significant anti-stroke
activities by alleviating oxidative and ER stress via activation of Nrf2
signaling and suppression of the IRE1α/TRAF2/JNK pathway. Thus, this
research provides a potential drug candidate for the clinical treatment
of cerebral I/R.
Uniform a priori estimates for solutions of higher order fractional system
Authors: Zhang Rong
Published: January 2024

In this paper, we study the positive solutions of higher order
Lane-Emden system with Navier exterior conditions $$
\begin{cases} \
(-\Delta)^{s}u(x)=v^{p}(x) ,\
u(x)>0,\qquad \
x\in\Omega,\\
\ (-\Delta)^{s}v(x)=u^{q}(x)
,\ v(x)>0,\qquad
\
x\in\Omega,\\
\ u(x)=-\Delta
u(x)=\cdot\cdot\cdot=(-\Delta)^{m}
u(x)=0,\
x\in\Omega^{c},\\
\ v(x)=-\Delta
v(x)=\cdot\cdot\cdot=(-\Delta)^{m}
v(x)=0,\
x\in\Omega^{c},
\end{cases} $$ where $1
Dynamics of a diffusive predator-prey model with prey-stage structure and prey-taxis
Authors: Li Yan , Fan Xiuzhen , Hao Hui
Published: January 2024

This paper is concerned with a diffusive predator-prey model with
prey-taxis and prey-structure under the homogeneous Neumann boundary
condition. The stability of the unique positive constant equilibrium of
the predator-prey model is derived. Hopf bifurcation and steady state
bifurcation are also concluded.
An unusual cause of respiratory distress and airway obstruction in a neonate with Tuberous Sclerosis
Authors: Kumari Aakansha , Rastogi Sameer , Chaudhary Aman , Barwad Adarsh , Kumar Atin
Published: January 2024

We report a case of a 50-day old infant presenting to us post excision
of a nasopharyngeal mass leading to respiratory distress at birth.
Initial imaging had shown a clival mass and neuroimaging showed findings
suggestive of Tuberous Sclerosis. Histopathology of the excised mass was
suggestive of a chordoma. A rare association between Tuberous Sclerosis
and pediatric chordomas is known to exist and is exemplified by this
case report. We have also discussed the various challenges encountered
during the management of such patients due to the location of these
tumors and difficulty in using radiotherapy at a very young age.
Simulation-based training and standardised protocol for preventing massive transfusion in postpartum haemorrhage: a regional retrospective cohort study
Authors: Orita Yuji , Hashimoto Takashi , Maeda Takatsugu , Naito Yoshiki , Hamada Tomonori , Taniguchi Hiroko , Kirihara Nami , Tazaki Yukiko , Kobayashi Hiroaki , Kamitomo Masato
Published: January 2024

Objective: To evaluate obstetrical providers’ behaviours and maternal
outcomes of women transferred with postpartum haemorrhage before and
after introduction of a simulation-based training programme and
standardised protocol Design: A retrospective cohort study Setting: All
institutes operating deliveries in Satsuma Peninsula, Kagoshima
Prefecture, Japan Population and Sample: Patients transferred with
postpartum haemorrhage to Kagoshima City Hospital or Kagoshima
University Hospital were included. Data collected before (period 1:
2015–2017) and after (period 2: 2018–2020) programme initiation were
compared. There were 72 and 131 patients during periods 1 and 2.
Methods: Data from medical records were used to compare providers’
behaviours and outcomes between the two periods. Main outcome measures:
Effectiveness of the simulation-based training and standardised protocol
in postpartum haemorrhage, change in providers’ behaviours, and maternal
outcomes, including massive blood transfusion Results: Changes in
providers’ behaviours were observed after the programme. The rate of
shock index recording increased from 9.7% to 36.6%
(p<0.001), and the rate of using intravenous lines ≥20 gauge
increased from 91.7% to 100% (p=0.0017). The mean shock index on
arrival significantly decreased from 0.85 to 0.77 (p<0.05).
The massive transfusion (red blood cells ≥ 10 units) rate significantly
decreased from 43.1% to 26.0% (p<0.05). Clinical factors
related to massive transfusion were programme attendance, blood loss,
and coagulopathy. Programme attendance reduced the risk of massive
transfusion, while blood loss ≥2,200 g increased the risk. Conclusions:
Introducing the simulation-based training programme and using a
standardised protocol changed the providers’ behaviours and decreased
the massive transfusion rate for postpartum haemorrhage.
Spontaneous Pregnancy in a case with concurrent uterine artery embolization induced transient premature ovarian failure and Asherman syndrome: a case report
Authors: tarafdari azam , vahdani fahimeh ghotbizadeh , hadizadeh Alireza , khoshravesh sahar
Published: January 2024

Premature ovarian failure and Asherman syndrome are leading causes of
infertility. This case is a woman who after cesarian scar pregnancy and
uterine artery embolization developed premature ovarian failure and
Asherman syndrome. she underwent hysteroscopic adhesiolysis. she became
pregnant with low AMH levels and delivered the newborn without any
complications.
What types of uterine anomalies, if any, cause more pregnancy complications, compared to the other anomalies? An evaluation of a large population database.
Authors: Peero Einav Kadour , Badeghiesh Ahmad , Baghlaf Haitham , Dahan MH
Published: January 2024

Objective: to compare pregnancy risks between different congenital
uterine anomalies utilizing other congenital anomalies as a control
group in a large population database. Design, setting, and sample: A
retrospective population-based cohort study from the
Healthcare-Cost-Utilization
Project-Nationwide-Inpatient-Sample(HCUP-NIS) included-3,846,342
births(2010-2014). Of them 6195 deliveries were to women with bicornuate
uteri, 798 with arcuate uteri, 2255 with didelphys uteri, 802 with
unicornuate uteri and 1404 with septate uteri. Main Outcome Measures and
Results: After adjustent for confounders, women with bicornuate uteri
were more likely to deliver vaginally(aOR 1.4, 95%CI: 1.1-1.9),
P=0.01), less likely to deliver by cesarean(CD) and had lower risk of
SGA(aOR 0.8, 95%CI: 0.7-0.9, P=0.03) when compared to the other
anomalies (aOR 0.6, 95%CI: 0.5-0.6), P=0.0001). Pregnant women with
arcuate uterus had lower risks of preterm delivery((aOR 0.6, 95%CI:
0.5-0.8), P=0.0001), less chance of operative vaginal delivery(aOR 0.5,
95%CI: 0.2-0.9), P=0.04), and higher risk for CD(aOR 1.6, 95%CI:
1.4-2, P=0.0001). Pregnant women with didelphys uteri had higher risk of
PPROM(aOR 1.6, 95%CI: 1.3-1.9), P=0.0001), preterm delivery(aOR 1.5,
95%CI: 1.3-1.6), P=0.0001), CD(aOR 1.4, 95%CI: 1.2-1.5, P=0.0001) and
wound complications (aOR 1.6, 95%CI: 1.1-2.4), P=0.02). Pregnant
unicornuate uteri had increased risks of preterm delivery(aOR 1.4,
95%CI: 1.1-1.6), P=0.0001), CD(aOR 2, 95%CI: 1.6-2.5), P=0.0001) and
of SGA(aOR 1.8, 95%CI: 1.4-2.3, P=0.0001). Pregnant septate uteri had
higher risk of chorioamnionitis(aOR 1.5, 95%CI: 1.1-2.1), P=0.048) and
CD(aOR 1.4, 95%CI: 1.2-1.6), P=0.0001). Conclusion: We demonstrated
that there are different risks for certain adverse pregnancy and
neonatal outcomes in diverse uterine anomalies as compared to the other
anomalies
Re-emergence of Rabies in Mazowieckie Voivodship, Poland, 2021
Authors: Smreczak Marcin , Orłowska Anna , Trębas Paweł , Stolarek Agnieszka , Freuling Conrad , mueller thomas
Published: January 2024

Due to the oral vaccination of foxes against rabies most of the
territory of Poland was freed from rabies of non-flying mammals. In
January 2021 rabies was diagnosed in fox in the central part of
Mazowieckie Voivodship where rabies has not been detected since last 17
years. Subsequently, in the following months the rabies virus infection
spread southward reaching the voivodship of Świętokrzyskie in November
2021. Emergency actions were implemented aiming at rapid rabies
elimination.
Life-threatening Altered Mental Status Secondary to Memantine in an Adolescent Undergoing Cranial Radiotherapy for Medulloblastoma
Authors: Kim Kristine , Shah Yash , Croy Colleen , Lustig Robert , LaRiviere Michael , Kotch Chelsea
Published: January 2024

Memantine is used for neurocognitive protection in patients undergoing
cranial radiotherapy for central nervous system tumors and is assumed to
be well-tolerated. We present a case of memantine-induced altered mental
status requiring intensive care unit admission. An adolescent male with
relapsed, progressive medulloblastoma presented with severe altered
mental status shortly after the first fraction of palliative whole brain
radiotherapy. After extensive evaluation, his profound confusion was
attributed to memantine, which had been initiated one week prior.
Clinicians should be aware of the risk of altered mental status with
memantine, given the increased utilization and upcoming clinical trials
in pediatric patients.
Microcystin Contamination and Toxicity: Implications for Agriculture and Public Health
Authors: Melaram Rajesh , Newton Amanda , Chafin Jennifer
Published: January 2024

Microcystins are natural hepatotoxic metabolites secreted by
cyanobacteria in aquatic ecosystems. When present at elevated
concentrations, microcystins can affect water quality aesthetics,
contaminate drinking water reservoirs and recreational waters, disrupt
normal ecosystem functioning, and cause health hazards to animals,
plants, and humans. Animal and human exposures to microcystins generally
results from ingesting contaminated drinking water or physically
contacting tainted water. Much research has identified a multitude of
liver problems from oral exposure to microcystins, varying from
hepatocellular damage to primary liver cancer. Provisional guidelines
for microcystins in drinking and recreational water have been
established to prevent toxic exposures and protect public health. With
increasing occurrences of eutrophication in freshwater systems,
microcystin contamination in groundwater and surface waters is growing,
posing threats to aquatic and terrestrial plants, and agricultural soils
for crop production. These microcystins are often transferred to crops
via irrigation with local sources of water, such as bloom-forming lakes
and ponds. Microcystins can survive in high quantities in various parts
of plants (roots, stems, and leaves) due to their high chemical
stability and low molecular weight, increasing health risks for
consumers of agricultural products. Studies have indicated potential
health risks associated with contaminated fruits and vegetables sourced
from irrigated water containing microcystins. This mini-review compounds
the exposure risk to humans, plants, and the environment due to the
presence of microcystins in local waterways used for drinking and
irrigation. Additional studies are needed to understand the specific
health impacts associated with the consumption of
microcystin-contaminated agricultural plants.
Predictive Healthcare Analysis of Pakistan’s COVID-19 Pandemic Using Data Mining and Time Series Modelling
Authors: Kazi Abdul Karim , Andleeb Maria , Ahmed Saad , Asif Raheela , Nabeel
Published: January 2024

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has significantly spread worldwide and has come up with new challenges to the research community. This forced many affected countries to take stringent measures such as complete lockdown, shutting down businesses and trade, and travel restrictions, which has had a tremendous economic impact. Pakistan has also faced five waves of the deadly coronavirus. Therefore, having knowledge and foresight about how a country can contain the spread of COVID-19 will be of paramount importance to the government, policymakers, business partners, and entrepreneurs. In order to forecast the COVID-19 pandemic's spread, we apply AI-based forecasting models such as time series ARIMA, LSTM, fb Prophet, and VAR. These methods aid in informing public health authorities and policymakers' decisions about how to combat the pandemic. This paper demonstrates the promising potential of the time series model in forecasting COVID-19 cases and highlights the superior performance of the time series compared to the LSTM.
Vehicle Tracking System for Small Scale Areas Using Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Vohra Mohsin , Dr. Tayyab Yaqoob  , Jawad Ali Arshad  , Ahmed Razi
Published: January 2024

A real-time vehicle tracking system is designed for specific covering zones based on wireless sensor network (WSN) technology. In this designed WSN infrastructure the location of the vehicles is tracked using a Neo-6MV2 UBLOX GPS module which is placed on the vehicles. Furthermore, the Enhanced ShockBurst protocol is employed to transmit wirelessly acquired location data to a master/center (destination) node using the NRF24101+PA LNA modules. The location information of the vehicle is graphically represented for a security center using an ADO.net-based desktop application. It is used to record the vehicle location information at certain time intervals (minutes) in the MSSQL database. This system intimates the system administrator about the long ques/waiting time of vehicles outside the premeditated area. After the successful deployment of the proposed WSN system, it has been substantiated that the proposed system can be used as an alternative to other wireless network infrastructures like WIFI or GSM for the small-scale areas vehicle tracking.
Optimization approach of gamma spectrometer measurements for accurate radioactive materials characterization
Authors: Gawad Khaled , Hazzaa Mohamed , Shaban Sameh
Published: January 2024

The materials characterization based on gamma measurements is one of the main
features for verifying the radioactive materials for safeguards purposes.
This work focuses on the optimization approach in order to find solutions
that include some influence parameters, which should be taken into
consideration during measurements. The considered samples in our work are
certified reference nuclear materials of chemical composition (U3O8) with
different enrichment ratios ranging from 0.31 wt.% to 4.46 wt.%. The gamma
spectrometer based on a planar high-purity germanium detector of
high-resolution was used in the current study. The study of various setups
was experimentally carried out for different cans at different positions for
different energy lines. The verified parameters influencing the
characterization of the measured samples have been estimated. This approach
for the measurement setup of the measured gamma spectra has been successfully
explored to be very affected by different parameters such as the source to
detector position and the various enrichment ratios. Consequently, the
verified and characterized samples could be estimated based on this
optimization approach.
Problem of children of incarcerated parents and their position in social welfare
Authors: Djordjevic Violeta , Hrncic Jasna
Published: January 2024

Children of incarcerated parents (CIP) face numerous challenges in realizing
their rights, which have been largely overlooked in our scientific and
professional community, starting from their statistical tracking. This study
aims to present the research results related to the characteristics and
problems of CIP and their position within the social welfare system. A
mixed, descriptive and transfer design research was conducted. Data was
collected through questionnaires, interviews, and file analysis. The sample
included twelve children of incarcerated parents, seven of their parents
(who are not incarcerated), guardians or foster parents, and 16
professionals from the Center for Social Work (CSW) in Leskovac. It was
found that children of incarcerated parents have behavioural and social
relationship problems. The experiences of visitation with incarcerated
parents are stressful for these children. The majority of their guardians
have a negative attitude towards visitation with incarcerated parents. CSW
professionals do not implement measures and services specifically tailored
to the problem of these children because they are lacking in the welfare
system. It is necessary to develop and implement such measures in
collaboration with the criminal justice system.
Economic uncertainty as a circumstance of decision making about parenthood and childbearing: researches and policies
Authors: Sobot Ankica
Published: January 2024

This text deals with the effects of economic uncertainty on the
decision-making about becoming a parent or extending the family with another
child. The goal is to highlight the influences of these circumstances as a
significant determining factor of reproductive behaviour in post-industrial
societies. In research, economic uncertainty is operationalized through
employment, analyzing rates and stability. Gender roles are determinants of
positions in the private as well as in the public sphere and, because of
that, they are considered as key framework of consideration. Literature and
statistics testify to the disadvantages regarding women's employment as well
as to the negative impact of economic uncertainty either through delaying or
giving up parenthood and childbearing. We conclude that employment is a
significant precondition for positive decisions and at the same time, the
importance of certainty and stability in terms of employment is emphasized.
We underline the necessity of policies which create the conditions so that
childcare is not a factor that endangers women's employment or the job
security of both mothers and fathers.
Severe Hypoglycemia and Impaired Awareness of Hypoglycemia Persist in People With Type 1 Diabetes Despite Use of Diabetes Technology: Results From a Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: L. Sherr Jennifer , M. Laffel Lori , Liu Jingwen , Wolf Wendy , Bispham Jeoffrey , S. Chapman Katherine , Finan Daniel , Titievsky Lina , Liu Tina , Hagan Kaitlin , L. Gaglia Jason , Chandarana Keval , Bergenstal Richard , Pettus Jeremy
Published: January 2024

OBJECTIVE To determine how diabetes technologies, including continuous glucose monitoring and automated insulin delivery systems, impact glycemic metrics, prevalence of severe hypoglycemic events (SHEs), and impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH) in people with type 1 diabetes in a real-world setting within the US. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This retrospective, observational study with cross-sectional elements enrolled participants aged ≥18 years from the T1D Exchange Registry/online community. Participants completed a one-time online survey describing glycemic metrics, SHEs, and IAH. The primary objective was to determine the proportions of participants who reported achieving glycemic targets (as assessed by self-reported hemoglobin A1c) and had SHEs and/or IAH. Additional subgroup analyses were performed focusing on the impact of continuous glucose monitoring and insulin delivery modality. RESULTS 2,074 individuals with type 1 diabetes were enrolled (mean ± SD age: 43.0 ± 15.6 years; duration of type 1 diabetes: 26.3 ± 15.3 years). The majority of participants (91.7%) were using continuous glucose monitoring with one-half (50.8%) incorporating automated insulin delivery. Despite high use of diabetes technologies, only 57.7% reported achieving glycemic targets (hemoglobin A1c <7%). SHE and IAH still occurred, with approximately 20% of respondents experiencing at least one SHE within 12 months and 30.7% (95% CI: 28.7, 32.7) reporting IAH, regardless of continuous glucose monitoring or automated insulin delivery use. CONCLUSIONS Despite use of advanced diabetes technologies, a high proportion of people with type 1 diabetes don’t achieve glycemic targets and continue to experience SHEs and IAH, suggesting an ongoing need for improved treatment strategies.