bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In search of the beginnings of a foodsemic boom in the history of English
Authors: Kowalczyk Aleksandra
Published: December 2024

Food unquestionably plays a vital role in our lives, as it is essential for our day-to-day existence. It is multifacetedly mirrored in the way we picture the world and communicate with one another. Frequently, food names are deployed metaphorically/metonymically to conceptualize either human beings themselves and/or various aspects and features of their existence. Sometimes, such metaphors are analysed from a synchronic perspective, for example by Martsa (2001, 2013) and Kövecses (2002) and they are perceived as a means of communication. However, food metaphors may be analysed from a diachronic perspective and, as shown by Kleparski (2008, 2012), Kudła (2009, 2016), and Kowalczyk (2015, 2017) among others, in the history of English, food metaphors are traceable in various historically distant periods, and abound especially in most recent periods of the history of English when there are high levels of foodsemic figurative extensions. As shown by Kowalczyk (2024), between the years 1800-1950, there were over 130 cases of food-related metaphor. These numbers stand in sharp contrast to the humble beginnings of food metaphor in Old English and the Early Modern English period. The aim of this paper is to specify the period of intensification and heightened productivity of this phenomenon. The 16th century will be highlighted as the time of a true foodsemic boom that sparked off the process of blooming of this metaphorical mechanism. In the late Middle English period, which spans the 14th and 15th century, only a handful of food-related metaphors are registered and supported by historical lexicographic sources. By contrast, during the course of the 16th century, there were around two dozen food-related cases of metaphorization.
A critical overview of the cultural elements in four EFL textbooks used in Croatian secondary schools
Authors: Molnar Draženka , Prtenjača Zvonimir
Published: December 2024

The significance of integrating cultural elements into foreign language (FL) teaching has been widely recognized by many researchers (Kramsch, 1998; Byram, 2008; Sercu, 2010). Consequently, in recent years, cultural content analysis of English textbooks has received considerable attention. Impelled by the newly reexamined pedagogical standards and the existing National Curriculum in Croatia, this paper provides a critical overview of the cultural elements in four English textbooks for secondary schools used in Croatian EFL classrooms. As one of the three existing domains in the English Language Curriculum, intercultural communicative competence (ICC) is perceived as an inevitable and integral part in successful foreign language learning. The paper is divided into a theoretical and an analytical part. The former gives a brief overview of the previous and contemporary research in the field of textbook analysis and the importance of intercultural communicative competence in the foreign language learning. The second provides both qualitative and quantitative results of the representations of cultural elements such as topics, visuals, audio material, values and cultural activities. Qualitative analysis of the textbooks is elaborated separately, and quantitative results are presented collectively for all four textbooks. Textbook material is examined against Amanda Hilliardʼs analytic kit, which combines three frameworks for the most appropriate multi-layered analyis of the cultural content. The results of the analysis corroborate some of the previous research findings pointing at the overemphasis of specific topic areas, representation of ethnic minorities in the visuals, accents in audio materials and overly positive perspectives of the target culture. The article concludes with some practical suggestions for further modernization of the intercultural activities which would strengthen studentsʼ skills such as tolerance for ambiguity, empathy and adaptability.
Development of an energy-efficient cctv camera system for real-time human detection using YOLOv8 model
Authors: Deshpande Meghana , Agarwal Alok , Kamathe Rupali
Published: December 2024

Human recognition is widely used in variety of fields such as autonomous vehicles, surveillance field, automatons, assisting blind peoples and many more. Many machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) algorithms exist for video analysis the main motive of these algorithms is to find human in complicated image. The research presented in this paper focuses on the development of an energy-efficient, smart CCTV camera system for real-time human detection, utilizing the YOLOv8 (You Only Look Once) model. The problem addressed is the need for more advanced, autonomous surveillance systems capable of human detection under various background conditions, overcoming the limitations of traditional CCTV systems, which require constant manual monitoring. The proposed system was trained on the PASCAL VOC 2012 dataset and optimized through hyperparameter tuning, achieving high accuracy and real-time performance. Key results demonstrate that the YOLOv8 model, implemented on the NVIDIA Jetson Nano platform, offers remarkable accuracy, precision, and energy efficiency. It consistently detects human figures in real-time, even in non-ideal conditions like poor lighting or complex backgrounds. This success can be attributed to YOLOv8’s cross-stage partial network (CSPNet) architecture, which enhances its ability to process images quickly and accurately, ensuring it meets the demands of continuous surveillance. The distinguishing features of this system are its energy-efficient design and adaptability to diverse environmental conditions. These characteristics not only solve the challenge of real-time human detection but also make the system a robust and scalable solution for modern security and surveillance applications
Developing of neural network computing methods for solving inverse elasticity problems
Authors: Kaliuzhniak Anastasiia , Kudin Oleksii , Belokon Yuriy , Kruglyak Dmytro
Published: December 2024

This paper examines the use of neural network methods to solve inverse problems in the mechanics of elastic materials.
The aim is to design physics-informed neural networks that can predict the parameters of structural components, and the physical properties of materials based on a specified displacement distribution.
A key feature of the specified neural networks is the integration of differential equations and boundary conditions into the loss function calculation. This approach ensures that the error in approximating unknown functions has a direct impact on optimizing the network's weights. As a result, the resulting neural network approximations of unknown functions comply with the differential equations and boundary conditions.
To test the capabilities of the designed neural networks, inverse problems involving the bending of plates and beams have been solved, focusing on determining one or two unknown parameters. Comparison of predicted and exact values demonstrates high accuracy of the constructed neural network models, with a relative prediction error of less than 3 % across all cases.
Unlike analytical methods for solving inverse problems, the primary advantage of physics-informed neural networks is their flexibility when addressing both linear and nonlinear problems. For instance, the same network architecture can be employed to solve various boundary-value problems without modification. Compared to classical numerical methods, the parallelization capability of neural networks is inherently supported by modern software libraries.
Therefore, the application of physics-informed neural networks for solving inverse elasticity problems of plates and beams is effective, as evidenced by the achieved relative errors and the computational robustness of the method. In practice, the proposed solution can be used for relevant calculations during the design of structural elements. The developed software code can also be integrated into automated design systems or computer algebra systems
Identifying the effect of adding catalytic converter briquette mix variations employing the microwave method with sulfuric acid activation to reduce emissions in motor vehicles
Authors: Syamsuri Syamsuri , Yuliawati Evi , Kusuma Maritha Nilam , Triono Mohammad Rizaldhy , AlFandi Farizal Luthfi
Published: December 2024

The use of fossil fuels in transportation equipment, especially motorized vehicles, will have an extraordinary effect on air pollution. The percentage of air pollution from transportation sources in Indonesia is 70.5 % CO, 18.34 % HC, 8.89 % NOx, 0.88 % SOx, and 1.33 % particulate matter. Given the danger of exhaust emissions, especially carbon monoxide, which can cause death for humans who inhale it, efforts are needed to control air pollution from motorized vehicles. There are several methods that can be applied, one of which is to use adsorbents. Activated carbon can be used as an adsorbent.
In this experimental research, briquettes with a diameter of 20 mm and a length of 30 mm were made. A mixture of coconut shell charcoal briquettes and wood charcoal briquettes 65–25 % (Model 1), 55–35 % (Model 2), and 45–45 % (Model 3) was used. The microwave method and sulfuric acid activation for 1 hour were applied. Testing with the object of the study was performed on a 4-stroke motor vehicle (Honda Supra 125) 2012 with an engine speed of 2,000 rpm. Emission tests were carried out using a gas analyzer. The performance test of a motorbike engine where adsorbents are installed in the exhaust gas was conducted using a dyno test. The results show that this briquette mixture can reduce carbon monoxide (CO) gas emissions by 71.6 % compared to without a catalytic converter. In addition, gas emissions of hydrocarbons (HC) were seen to be reduced by 88.8 % in comparison with an engine without a catalytic converter. Engine performance tests showed no significant impact on torque and power due to the use of this adsorbent.
In conclusion, a mixture of coconut shell charcoal briquettes and wood charcoal briquettes activated with sulfuric acid, which is used to reduce exhaust gas emissions in motor vehicles can be applied
Defining patterns in the intensification of hemp stalk retting processes
Authors: Sheichenko Viktor , Rogovskii Ivan , Skoriak Yuliia , Petrachenko Dmytro , Shevchuk Misha , Sheichenko Denys , Titova Liudmyla , Sivak Igor
Published: December 2024

The object of this study is the technological operations of primary hemp stalk processing, factors that intensify the retting process, and stalk crushing.
The task addressed was the identification of technical and technological solutions that would enable intensification of the production processes for hemp retting.
Based on the research results, it was established that placing the flattened stems in natural and polypropylene bags, compared to cellophane bags, accelerates the preparation time of retted stalks in a vertical position by 1.19 times, and in a horizontal position by 1.38 times. The retting time for horizontally placed crushed stalks with weekly moistening twice a week is 2.16 times shorter than for uncrushed ones.
It was determined that the process of crushing pre-prepared and cured stalks, whether in a vertical or horizontal position, allows for a significant reduction in retting period by 2.14 times, and for freshly cut stalks – by 1.27 times.
The intensity of the reflected light flux changed in the case of reaching the retting phase for unflattened stems with their vertical placement from the initial 32.0 lux to 18.0 lux. In flattened stems under the conditions of their vertical placement – from 50.7 to 16.3 lux, respectively. In the case of horizontally placed crushed stalks, the light intensity at the retting phase was 20.3 lux.
The lowest fiber breaking load value of 5.0 daN was established for the retted stalks obtained from freshly cut flattened stems in a vertical position, as well as in non-flattened stems in the vertical (7.0 daN) and horizontal (3.5 daN) positions
Determining the dynamic indicators of the pneumatic spring for high-speed rolling stock in the zone of a rail joint along a railroad track
Authors: Kuzyshyn Andrii , Kovalchuk Vitalii , Royko Yuriy , Hermaniuk Yuliia , Tereshchak Yuriy , Pulariia Andrii
Published: December 2024

The object of this study is the pneumatic spring of the high-speed railroad rolling stock that moves over the rail joint of a railroad track with a vertical ledge.
The task solved was establishing the dynamic behavior of the rubber cord shell of the pneumatic spring of the high-speed railroad rolling stock, taking into account the design features of the railroad track, namely the rail joint.
The methodology for experimental testing of the pneumatic spring of the high-speed railroad rolling stock using the proposed dynamic test installation is given. Experimental tests of the pneumatic spring were carried out within the rail joint of the railroad track, which has a vertical ledge of 7.0 mm. It was established that the maximum value of the accelerations of the rubber cord shell of the pneumatic spring occurs in the vertical plane. The maximum vertical accelerations of the rubber cord shell of the pneumatic spring were 2.4 m/s2, horizontal transverse accelerations – 0.85 m/s2, and horizontal longitudinal accelerations – 0.9 m/s2.
It was determined that the deformations of the pneumatic spring in the vertical plane are higher than the deformations in the horizontal plane. The value of the maximum vertical deformations of the pneumatic spring was 4.1 mm, while the maximum value of horizontal deformations was 1.2 mm.
The natural frequencies and logarithmic decrements of oscillations damping were determined based on the obtained records of the free oscillations of the rubber cord shell of the pneumatic spring. It was established that the value of the first natural frequency of oscillations of the pneumatic spring is 3.21 Hz.
The logarithmic decrement of oscillation damping of the rubber cord shell of the pneumatic spring was determined based on the constructed graph of oscillation damping with an approximating exponent. It is 0.2147.
The obtained values of the dynamic indicators of the new pneumatic spring could be used in the future to control changes in the physical and mechanical properties of the rubber cord shell of the pneumatic spring under the operational conditions of the railroad track. In practice, engineers and scientists will be able to take into account the obtained dynamic parameters of the spring when designing and improving the pneumatic spring for high-speed train movement
Development of a methodology for assessing innovation activities for management purposes for oil and gas companies
Authors: Aitimova Diana , Alibekova Gulnaz , Serikbayev Serik , Shadiyeva Aigul , Yesmagulova Nurgul , Kamali Karlygash , Ibadildin Nurkhat , Primbetova Saule
Published: December 2024

The study focuses on the innovation activity of oil and gas companies, solving the problem of evaluating this activity and presenting the results:
– the author's methodology for assessing the innovation activity of oil and gas companies has been developed, the results of which allow to fix the development point in the range of [0–0.5) – “Inert”), [0.5–0.7) – “Developing” and more than 0.7 – “Active”. For each range, management strategies for the future are recommended;
– the 5 oil and gas companies were evaluated according to three criteria. In the group of indicators “Investments” the best result is Total (0.95), in the group of indicators “Human resources” all companies showed a high result, on patent activity the European companies have a high result (0.81–0.83). Kazakhstan organizations, having more than sufficient human resources in the R&D sector, are not financed at a competitive level, which leads to a low level of patent activity of companies;
– according to the result of the innovation activity assessment, the companies were distributed as follows: “Inert” – TCO (0.43) and KPO (0.32), “Developing” – Shell and ENI (0.68), “Active” – Total (0.81).
The results suggest that the calculated method for determining indicators can be used to assess the innovation activity of oil and gas companies, considering the production factor.
The results highlight the development of a methodology for assessing the innovation activity of oil and gas companies based on three main criteria, aimed at improving management.
The methodology can be used by oil and gas companies and government agencies interested in industry development
Development of a mathematical model for the cooling channel of a liquid propellant rocket engine’s chamber with respect for variations in coolant density
Authors: Sliusariev Volodymyr , Bucharskyi Valeriy
Published: December 2024

This study focuses on the processes occurring within the cooling channels of a liquid rocket engine chamber. It is important to note that, from a design-stage efficiency prediction perspective, the cooling system is the most critical part of the engine chamber. This is because it cannot be tested without costly and labor-intensive fire tests. Therefore, mathematical models of heat transfer and fluid dynamics must describe accurately all processes taking place in the chamber.
The study emphasizes accounting for the change in the density of the propellant component within the cooling channels. To verify the importance of this issue, an analysis was conducted on the changing parameters of the propellant components in the cooling channels of an engine. The assessment revealed that even when using high-boiling propellant components and moderate heating in the cooling channels, density changes can exceed 25 %.
This paper presents the results of developing a model for the flow of propellant in the cooling channels of a liquid rocket engine chamber, taking density changes into account. The model builds on a cooling channel model previously developed by the authors. An equation that accounts for density variations was derived using established principles of fluid mechanics.
Using the developed mathematical model, test calculations were performed, and the simulation results were compared with and without considering density changes. Furthermore, a comparison was conducted with calculated data available in the literature on heat transfer in the RD107 engine chamber, revealing an error margin of no more than 1.5 %.
The resulting mathematical model may be recommended for use in the design of new rocket engine chambers with regenerative cooling
Synthesis of polyethersulfone/titanium dioxide membranes: analysis of morphology, mechanical properties, and water filtration performance
Authors: Mataram Agung , Firdaus Aneka , Yanis Muhammad , Dani Rahma , Nasir Subriyer , Ismail Ahmad Fauzi , Othman Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan
Published: December 2024

The increasing demand for clean water, driven by population growth, urbanization, and industrial activities, has led to significant challenges in public health, the economy, and the environment. Effective water purification technologies are essential to address this issue. This study explores using polyethersulfone (PES) polymer-based membranes reinforced with titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles for antifouling applications. The membranes were fabricated using an electric field treatment method. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed a pore size distribution between 1,170 μm and 7,122 μm, demonstrating that this method can be adjusted to create membranes with specific filtration characteristics. Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) analysis showed surface roughness between 150 and 500 nm, indicating that the membrane's surface morphology can be customized to improve performance. Mechanical testing showed that the tensile strength of the membranes varied with the addition of TiO2: the pure PES membrane (TI0) had a tensile strength of 2.12 MPa, while the TI1 membrane (20 % PES, 1 % TiO2) exhibited a decrease to 1.84 MPa. The TI2 membrane (30 % PES, 1 % TiO2) showed an increase in tensile strength to 3.86 MPa, confirming the reinforcing effect of TiO2 on the membrane's mechanical properties. Clean Water Permeability (CWP) testing indicated flux values of 2558.9 L/m2·h·bar for TI0, 1263.1 L/m2·h·bar for TI1, and 2763.9 L/m2·h·bar for TI2, highlighting the optimal balance of mechanical strength and permeability in TI2. The PES/TiO2 composite membrane, made using an electric field method, shows promise for water filtration due to its enhanced permeability, providing an efficient solution for water treatment
Defining indicators for the anaerobic fermentation process of aquaculture wastewater sediments
Authors: Golub Gennadii , Yaremenko Oksana , Kucheruk Petro , Marus Oleh , Tsyvenkova Nataliya , Nadykto Volodymyr , Chuba Viacheslav , Yarosh Yaroslav
Published: December 2024

The object of this study is the process of anaerobic fermentation of wastewater sludge from aquaculture. It was established that the exponential dependence adequately describes the experimental data on the change in the level of decomposition of dry organic matter (DOM) and the specific yield of biomethane per unit of decomposed DOM of aquaculture wastewater sediment depending on the time of anaerobic fermentation. The maximum level of DOM decomposition during anaerobic fermentation achieved in 38 days was 0.74 relative units at a process speed of 0.108 relative units per day. The integrated level of DOM decomposition over 21 days of anaerobic fermentation can reach only 0.43 relative units, and the integrated level of DOM decomposition is set at the level of 0.033 relative units per day. The output of biogas and biomethane during anaerobic fermentation over 21 days of anaerobic fermentation reached 4.083 and 2.627 l, respectively. At the same time, the concentration of biomethane in biogas on day 7 of fermentation reached 74‒75 % and remained at this level until day 21. The maximum level of specific yield of biomethane during anaerobic fermentation reached on day 38 was 803.936 ml in terms of normal conditions per gram of decomposed DOM with a rate of change of the specific yield of biomethane of 0.207 ml in terms of normal conditions per gram of decomposed DOM per day. The integrated specific yield of biomethane over 21 days of anaerobic fermentation could reach 580‒590 ml in terms of normal conditions per gram of decomposed DOM. With a fermentation time of 21 days, the specific output of biomethane has an optimal value depending on the periodicity of loading the reactor, which is 1.48‒1.49 m3 of biomethane per one m3 of biomass in the reactor in one day with a periodicity of loading the reactor once per time from 4.5 to 6 days. The research results could be used to determine the volume of biomethane production and electricity based on it during the anaerobic fermentation of aquaculture wastewater sludge
Enhancing sustainable urban areas through digital green infrastructure: achieving tangible outcomes
Authors: Rzayeva Ulviyya , Balayev Rasul , Ahmadzadeh Emin , Mirzammadova Konul
Published: December 2024

The object of this research is integrating green infrastructure into sustainable urbanization zones within the context of digitalization. The problem addressed is the difficulty of ensuring urban sustainability without considering the green infrastructure in urban and suburban areas. The article argues that city sustainability cannot be effectively addressed without integrating green corridors that connect urban and suburban zones. The research proposes using optimization and simulation models to plan and manage the expansion of green corridors in sustainable urban areas. The results highlight the importance of a joint approach to green infrastructure development in urban and suburban areas, showing that interconnectivity is crucial for long-term environmental sustainability. Findings were interpreted by illustrating how simulation models can be used to assess the effectiveness of green infrastructure in real-time. The research demonstrates that the digital modeling of green corridors enhances planning precision, ensuring better connectivity between the city and surrounding areas. The key features that solved the problem include an optimization model, which enabled efficient planning for green corridor expansion, improving connectivity between urban and suburban areas. The paper uses digital simulation tools that allow for real-time assessment of green infrastructure's sustainability impact, leading to better-informed decision-making. The results are applicable in urban planning and sustainability management within rapidly urbanizing cities. The findings are most effective when cities have access to digital tools and aim to enhance green infrastructure's role in sustainability strategies
Devising approaches to adjusting a strength gain by modified white cements with different c3a content
Authors: Pushkarova Kateryna , Kushnierova Liliia , Tereshchenko Larysa
Published: December 2024

The object of this study is the mechanism for adjusting a strength gain by modified systems based on white cements with different C3A content.
Since white cements  have an increased content of the C3A mineral, they are characterized by a drop in strength of up to 10 % in the late stages of hardening. To stabilize the properties of such cements, it is advisable to use modifying additives.
It has been established that when a plasticizing additive with a high C3A content is introduced into cement in a small amount (0.5...1 %), as a result of chemical interaction with the mineral C3A, its residue in the liquid phase is not enough to disperse silicate phases. This reduces viscosity of the system. That subsequently leads to a decline in the strength of cement stone, up to 15 %. At the same time, the addition of a plasticizing additive to a system with a low content of C3A turns out to be more effective even at a lower dosage.
Modification of cement systems with nano-CaCO3 additives helps stabilize the phase composition of new formations and guarantees the durability of the resulting cement stone. Nano-CaCO3 changes the composition of new formations toward more thermodynamically stable compounds. The introduction of a nano-CaCO3 additive leads to a significant increase in the rate of hydration and creates conditions for the formation of carbonate ettringite. The latter contributes to the directed synthesis of low-base fibrous hydrosilicate phases, including tobermorite, and prevents the conversion of hydroaluminate phases, which eliminates the decline in strength in white cements with an increased content of C3A.
Applying modified systems will make it possible to stabilize the strength characteristics of not only white but also colored cements, the introduction of pigments to which leads to a decrease in their strength. This approach will make it possible to effectively use such systems as a basis for decorative concrete and mortars
Devising an innovative method for improving decision-making efficiency at polymers processing companies in automotive industry
Authors: Prystynskyi Serhii , Palyvoda Olena , Plavan Viktoriia , Lozovyi Oleg , Hrytsenko Andrii
Published: December 2024

Enabling the development of technologies for the production of polymer materials directly determines the possibility of achieving the standards of sustainable development in the automotive industry, since polymer composites are used in modern cars as components of almost all assemblies and mechanisms. The expansion of plastics application in the car structure contributes to the reduction of fuel consumption and wear of parts. Technological changes encourage enterprises to constantly improve decision-making methods regarding the introduction of innovative technologies.
This paper reports an innovative method devised for making management decisions at enterprises specializing in the processing of polymers for the automotive industry, which makes it possible to increase production efficiency. Based on the Ishikawa diagram and the PDCA cycle application, management tools and procedures for making production and technological decisions have been developed using the methodology of finding root causes and verifying factors influencing existing production problem. A set of indicators that make it possible to reduce the number of management errors has been substantiated; they increase the reliability of verifying received intermediate results of decisions. The selection of verification indicators was carried out taking into account the specificity of polymer production technologies.
An improved decision-making management procedure is presented, which was embodied in an updated decision-tracking protocol. Unlike its basic version, it contains additional control points: target date of verification, date of verification, and result of verification. An experimental study showed that the application and observance of the full PDCA cycle increases the overall effectiveness of management by 63 %, which in turn has a positive effect on the company's sustainability in a competitive environment
Identifying the influence of the concentration of surfactants on the technological indicators of aerosol emulsion
Authors: Putyatin Bogdan , Bliznjuk Olga , Masalitina Nataliia , Bezpal'ko Valentyna , Zhukova Liubov , Filenko Olesia , Horiainova Viktoriia , Ponomarova Maryna , Ryabev Anton , Beliuchenko Dmytro
Published: December 2024

The object of the study is an emulsion system containing emulsifiers (Emulgin B2, Lanett SX), wetting agents (propylene glycol, glyceryl cocoate) and sodium laureth sulfate as a foaming agent. The main problem solved in the study is to ensure rational technological properties of emulsion systems in aerosol form under variable storage and use conditions. The results obtained showed that to ensure maximum emulsion stability during 7 and 30 days of storage, the optimal concentrations of Emulgin B2 are 2.75…3.0 %, and Lanett SX is 2.0…2.5 %. To achieve the desired foaming ability (80…85 %) and foam stability (75…80 %), it is recommended to use sodium laureth sulfate at a concentration of 0.20…0.22 %. It was found that the wetting agents – propylene glycol (7 %) and glyceryl cocoate (1.5 %) – provide optimal system viscosity within 35…40 mPa·s. The stability of the emulsion is ensured by the formation of strong interfacial films using Lanett SX, while Emulgin B2 improves the thermal stability of the system. Foaming properties are provided by the ability of sodium laureth sulfate to reduce interfacial tension, however, too high concentrations can lead to foam oversaturation and deterioration of its stability. The features of the obtained results are that specific concentration limits of the components are justified, at which the necessary stability and functionality of the emulsion system are ensured. This allows solving the problem of achieving optimal characteristics of the emulsion system during storage and use, ensuring comfortable application to the skin and a stable foam structure. The scope of application of the obtained results is the cosmetic industry
Identifying the influence of project delivery system (PDS) characteristics on green construction project performance
Authors: Mas Pertiwi I G A Istri , Zaika Yulvi , Puspa Negara Kartika , Solimun Solimun , Agung Wibowo Mochamad
Published: December 2024

This study examines the influence of Project Delivery System (PDS) features on green construction project performance by comparing Design-Bid-Build (DBB), Design-Build (DB), and Construction Management (CM) methods. The research problem is to analyze the influence of key characteristics (leadership, communication, mindset, teamwork, team chemistry, experience, competence) of the three PDS methods on achieving green construction project performance. The research objects were 109 respondents (team leader, vice president manager, project manager, site manager, site engineer, general superintendent, and supervisor) in five major cities in Indonesia. The results of the MANOVA analysis showed that leadership was the most influential factor in the three methods. CM excels in time, quality, and green building performance, DB excels in Occupational Health and Safety (OHS), and DBB excels in cost. Experience and competence are less influential factors, thus concluding that soft skills play a significant role in the successful implementation of green construction projects, providing valuable insights for industry practitioners and emphasizing the need to prioritize the development of leadership and interpersonal skills alongside technical expertise when implementing green construction projects through various PDS methods in Indonesia, which ultimately contributes to the advancement of sustainable construction practices in the rapidly growing building sector in the region. These findings provide insights for selecting optimal PDS methods in green construction projects
Implementation of knowledge distillation in developing a prediction model to know the performance of air transportation vocational education using machine learning
Authors: Rumani Daniel D , Nasution Darmeli , Nugroho Okvi
Published: December 2024

The object of this research is the performance of air transportation vocational education. The problem in this research that must be solved is the complexity of the model in machine learning which requires a long processing time and requires high resources, so the knowledge transfer process in knowledge distillation must be carried out carefully so that the student model can capture and reproduce knowledge from the teacher's model. without loss of accuracy and problems such as Good Corporate Governance, Organizational Flexibility, and Strategic Change Management variables, which are interrelated and difficult to model accurately. The results obtained are in the form of a model that can predict vocational education performance by utilizing machine learning and knowledge distillation. The interpretation of this research is to apply the XGBoost machine learning algorithm and knowledge distillation. The characteristics and characteristics obtained are that the teacher model has the best performance in terms of loss, while the student model with distillation shows a significant reduction in loss compared to training without distillation. Thus, the distillation process is proven to help student models capture knowledge from teacher models, producing prediction accuracy of up to 90 % and being an efficient alternative in predicting the influence of main factors on the performance of air transportation vocational education. These findings are expected to provide a significant contribution to the development of more efficient and effective prediction models in the context of vocational education, especially in the field of air transportation
Devising a technology for manufacturing hollow cast steel structures with composite and reinforced non-metallic functional filler
Authors: Shinsky Oleg , Kvasnytska Iuliia , Shalevska Inna , Kaliuzhnyi Pavlo , Neima Oleksandr
Published: December 2024

The object of this study is the structure of hollow steel modules filled with various types of functional materials, as well as the technology of their production using lost foam casting.
Computer simulation of hydrodynamic and heat-mass exchange processes and solidification was carried out to establish the laws and prerequisites for designing state-of-the-art hollow cast structures and to devise their production technology. The study investigated the influence of reinforced steel elements and reinforcement directly from the liquid alloy of the shell on the peculiarities of hydrodynamic, heat-mass transfer processes, and solidification during the production of hollow steel structures with functional fillers.
It has been determined that the presence of polystyrene membranes in the functional filler for subsequent reinforcement from the liquid phase of the shell metal affects the hydrodynamics of filling the casting. In the thin channels formed in the filler, the metal flow rate increases from 2 m/s to 8 m/s in the upper channels, and from 3 m/s to 12 m/s in the lower channels, which is associated with an increase in metallostatic pressure.
The presence of metal reinforcement in the functional filler and the reinforcement of the functional material from the liquid phase of the shell metal accelerates the heating of the non-metallic filler by 1.2–1.4 and 1.4–1.8 times, respectively. Reinforcement also helps increase the maximum heating temperature of the functional filler by 200–300 °C, which creates better conditions for its sintering.
The grades of steels for their use as a matrix alloy in the production of hollow cast castings were determined; their structure and physical-mechanical properties were studied. The recommended modes of heat treatment of low-alloy steel to obtain the required properties have been determined.
The study reported here is a theoretical prerequisite for verification in the manufacture of experimental cast hollow structures with metallic and non-metallic reinforcing phase
Devising a computer method to recognize and analyze spectrometric signals parameters
Authors: Reva Sergiy , Tsybliyev Denys
Published: December 2024

The object of this study is computerized systems for measuring the parameters of spectrometric signals digitized using special hardware. The task addressed in the research is to improve the process of filtering the usable pulse signal from noise and increase the accuracy of measuring pulse parameters by devising a new method of analysis. In order to verify the performance of the new method in comparison with several already known ones, input data arrays with predetermined parameters were prepared using computer simulation. A special algorithm was also developed to verify each detected pulse. As a result, the main characteristics of the methods, such as signal recognition accuracy and data processing speed, were obtained for several scenarios with different durations of modeling process and different pulse generation intensities. Comparative performance metrics were provided for all described software analysis methods. Ultimately, in the studied scenarios, the devised method showed better recognition ability than the considered alternative methods.
The key features of the proposed method are the use of software filters built on the basis of the application of Fast Discrete Fourier Transform (FDFT) algorithms and further computer processing of the signal using a mechanism for correcting the amplitudes of superimposed pulses. This makes it possible to filter the signal from noise without significantly changing the usable component and to more accurately determine the amplitudes in case of their frequent superposition. In practice, the devised method could be used to improve existing and design new computer systems of spectral analysis
Structural performance evaluation of mobile solar-powered battery swap station for electric motorcycles
Authors: Prasetya Sonki , Rahman Haolia , Todaro Muhammad , Tullah Muhammad Hidayat , Prasetyono Eka , Fadil Jazuli , Nugroho Mochamad Ari Bagus , Suprianto Teguh , Hayusman Lauhil Mahfudz , Zainuri Fuad
Published: December 2024

This study introduces a structural design and static analysis of a Mobile Battery Swap Station for electric motorcycles, powered by solar energy, to address the critical need for sustainable and off-grid charging infrastructure. As the adoption of electric motorcycles continues to grow, driven by the demand for eco-friendly transportation alternatives, the lack of widespread and accessible charging infrastructure poses a significant barrier to their widespread use. In many regions, the expansion of traditional grid-connected charging stations is hindered by high installation costs, space limitations in urban environments, and logistical challenges in remote or underserved areas. The design focuses on a robust, mobile frame made from hollow iron of AISI 1010 steel, supporting the integration of photovoltaic (PV) panels to supply renewable energy directly to the battery-swapping system. Using Finite Element Analysis (FEA), the station’s structural integrity was evaluated under a uniformly distributed load of 700 kg, simulating real-world loading conditions for components essential to electric motorcycle operations, including PV mounts and battery racks. Results show a maximum displacement of 4.541 mm, a peak stress of 57.716 MPa, and a Factor of Safety (FOS) of 2.9, confirming the design’s ability to securely and stably support the necessary equipment for battery swapping. This mobile, solar-powered solution advances sustainable infrastructure for electric motorcycles, enabling flexible, grid-independent battery swapping that is particularly beneficial in urban areas and remote locations. This station contributes to greener mobility solutions tailored for electric motorcycles, aligning with broader efforts to support eco-friendly transportation systems
Identifying the effect of varying acid concentration and solid/liquid ratio in the leaching extraction of magnesium from ferronickel slag
Authors: Febriana Eni , Napitupulu Aldo Yansen Tambor , Soedarsono Johny Wahyuadi , Munir Badrul , Siradj Eddy Sumarno , Kaban Agus Paul Setiawan , Mertoprawiro Martina Yttria , Jaya Kadek Ambara
Published: December 2024

Indonesia is the country with the largest nickel reserves and production levels in the world. Each ton of nickel production can produce eight tons of by-products in the form of ferronickel slag, which continues to increase due to the minimal recycling process of these by-products. This study aimed to determine the impact of changes in acid concentration and solid/liquid ratio on the leaching extraction of magnesium from ferronickel slag and characterize the transformation of ferronickel slag at each stage of the process. The research was conducted using the alkali fusion method and continued with water leaching and acid leaching using Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) as the solvent. The first step in the investigation was milling to get a powder with the particle size ≤127 µm. The sample powder was subsequently mixed with the Na2CO3 additive in a 50:50 (w/w) ratio and roasted for 60 minutes at 1000 °C. The water leaching procedure was then conducted for 60 minutes at 100 °C, a 1:10 (w/v) ratio, and a stirring speed of 400 rpm. The filtrate and residue were then separated using a filtration process. An acid leaching utilizing HCl with concentration variations of 0.5, 1, and 1.5 M, and solid/liquid ratio (s/l) variations of 1:20, 1:30, and 1:40 (w/v) was performed on the residue. The results of acid leaching were then filtrated again. The filtrate was then characterized by ICP-OES testing. Based on the analysis results, it can be stated that the percentage of magnesium extraction increases as the solid/liquid ratio (s/l) increases but decreases with the increase in HCl concentration. The optimum percentage of magnesium extraction is 64.12 %, which was achieved with the leaching conditions of a solid/liquid ratio (s/l) of 1:40 (w/v) and a HCl concentration of 0.5 M
Devising a deorbitation strategy for Kazakhstani’s KazEOSat-1 spacecraft
Authors: Zhumazhanov Berik , Kulakayeva Aigul , Ashurov Abdikul , Baktybekov Kazbek , Zhetpisbayeva Ainur , Uskenbaev Daniyar , Zhumazhanov Bexultan , Zylgara Aigerim , Kargulova Aliya
Published: December 2024

The object of this study is the process of deorbiting the KazEOSat-1 spacecraft, which has completed its active service life in low Earth orbit. The main problem is the lack of an effective technique to deorbit KazEOSat-1, taking into account its technical characteristics, orbital parameters, and the need to minimize risks to the environment and other objects in orbit.
As part of the work, a software model was built that takes into account the initial orbital parameters of the device, which are essential for planning and performing deorbiting maneuvers. The model is designed to accurately calculate the descent trajectory, taking into account the laws of celestial mechanics and the influence of atmospheric conditions. The optimal deorbiting strategy was selected based on an analysis of various methods for calculating orbital maneuvers aimed at reducing fuel consumption and minimizing environmental risks. This included a comparative analysis of existing approaches and the selection of the most suitable ones under the given mission parameters.
The results of the simulation using precise modeling methods in the MATLAB software environment allowed us to determine the main deorbiting parameters, such as the altitude at which the maneuvers begin, the required velocity impulses, the total fuel consumption, and the expected time before entering the dense layers of the atmosphere. Based on the obtained data, practical recommendations were formulated for the KazEOSat-1 deorbit. The first stage, the active controlled deorbit, is carried out by operating the low-thrust engine and braking by the Earth’s atmosphere, allowing the spacecraft to descend from 758 km to 444 km in 2.5 days. The second stage, the passive uncontrolled deorbit, continues the descent to 103 km in 969 days, using only atmospheric braking. The third stage, the uncontrolled drop, begins after reaching 103 km and ends with a drop to the Earth in 834 seconds
A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DO SABER GEOGRÁFICO NA PROMOÇÃO DE UMA CONSCIÊNCIA AMBIENTAL
Authors: Pereira Franklin Bianca , Oliveira Natan Barboza de
Published: December 2024

Diante da atual problemática mundial evidenciada pelo sistema capitalista de exploração, maximizada pela globalização pós década de 1970, o mundo torna-se mais objetificado, mantendo uma relação desarmônica entre homem/meio que propicia o surgimento de diversos problemas. Diante desse cenário alarmante, torna-se necessário a discussão sobre temáticas ambientais dentro da sala de aula. Nesse sentido, este artigo tem por objetivo investigar como a geografia, enquanto componente curricular que contempla assuntos de interesse social/ambiental contribui na fase escolar para uma proposta de percepção ambiental, estimulando a consciência positiva sobre as ações antrópicas na natureza. A metodologia da pesquisa possui um caráter quali-quantitativo dividida em duas etapas: a priori pela revisão bibliográfica que permeou a construção teórica, assim como a pesquisa de campo, com aplicação de questionários contendo questões objetivas e subjetivas. Os agentes envolvidos da pesquisa foram alunos da 3ª série do ensino médio da Escola Cidadã Integral Professora Maria José Costa de Albuquerque, com o propósito de analisar a participação da geografia no processo de percepção ambiental. Os resultados obtidos asseguram sobre a importância da geografia nos cenários de entendimento da consciência ambiental, em que os alunos de forma majoritária veem a geografia como caminho para o desenvolvimento sustentável.
DESLOCAMENTOS CENTRADOS NO AUTOMÓVEL: ANÁLISE DA MATRIZ DE MOBILIDADE URBANA NA CIDADE DE MARINGÁ/PR
Authors: Ramos Diego Vieira , Valques Igor José Botelho , Santil Fernando Luiz de Paula
Published: December 2024

A mobilidade é um atributo da cidade, destinado à locomoção de pessoas, bens, serviços, conhecimento e cultura e está condicionada às características locais, às estratégias da gestão pública, a disponibilidade de veículos, vias e todos os elementos da infraestrutura destinadas ao processo de ir e vir. Tem se tornado um dos principais temas no universo do planejamento e da gestão, pública, em que se busca medidas efetivas de se melhoras as condições de deslocamento no ambiente urbano. O que reforça a necessidade de se desenvolver estudos capazes de diagnosticar as deficiências e as potencialidades da matriz de transporte em cidades de médio porte. Assim, a presente pesquisa teve por objetivo diagnosticar as condições atuais dos deslocamentos na cidade de Maringá/PR. Por meio de uma metodologia quali-quantitativa, espera-se demonstrar as principais ações voltadas a potencialização de modalidade alternativas de transporte, verificar os principais problemas ligados a locomoção urbana e expor os pontos a serem melhorados no planejamento e gestão do tema. Tais procedimentos demonstraram que o poder público local tem investido no ciclo transporte como alternativa ao uso do automóvel, no entanto, ainda faltam ações voltadas a integração entras as modalidades de transporte. Fatos que se permite concluir que o planejamento atual, apesar de buscar se aproximar dos preceitos da mobilidade a sustentável, ainda é aposta na visão rodoviárista de construção do espaço urbano.