bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Taxonomic review of the Northeast Asian species of Kisaura (Philopotamidae) with description of a new species

Authors: UY CHRISTINE JEWEL C. , KUHARA NAOTOSHI , BAE YEON JAE
Published: July 2019

The Northeast Asian species of Kisaura Ross, 1956 (Philopotamidae) are re-examined and males and females of a new species from South Korea are described and illustrated. Kisaura coreana sp. nov. closely resembles K. tsudai (Botoşǎneanu, 1970) and K. hattorii (Kuhara, 1999) described from Japan, but distinguished from the latter two species by the shape of the spiniform processes of segment X in the male genitalia. Further, we conclude that K. kisoensis (Tsuda, 1939) is not a synonym of K. aurascens (Martynov, 1934) because of differences in the genitalia, which was also supported by molecular data. Also, the Neighbor Joining tree shows a clade including both the Japanese species K. nozakii (Kuhara, 1999) and K. borealis  (Kuhara, 1999) with high bootstrap values, especially that for K. nozakii, collected from Hoshu Shiga, Kanzaki-gawa, Kazakoshi-dani (99% bootstrap value). This high value could reflect the possibility that they are the same species and just having differences based on geographic variation in morphological traits. These two species will be the subject of future studies.
The importance of shredding caddis larvae (Trichoptera: Limnephilidae) in leaf litter breakdown
Authors: GELLERT MARTA , KWIATKOWSKA KATARZYNA , MAJECKI JANUSZ
Published: July 2019

In field and laboratory experiments, we assessed the role of caddisfly larvae in leaf decomposition occurring in headwaters with a focus on the breakdown of alien Quercus rubra leaves. A field experiment was conducted at two sites: in Wolbórka Spring and 150 m downstream. Eight 0.5 x 0.5 m “mats” were constructed. 1m2 of one type of fallen leaves: Quercus robur, Acer pseudoplatanus, Quercus rubra and Alnus glutinosa was placed in each mat. The caddisfly assemblages on the leaf mats consisted of 550 shredder larvae and 394 predatory larvae of Plectrocnemia conspersa. Among the 4 shredder species in both years, the larvae of P. nigricornis dominated on all leaf species at both sites. In the laboratory experiment, ten Vth instar larvae of Potamophylax nigricornis were placed in to each of four square (30 x 30 cm) boxes containing 500 cm2 of Q. robur, A. pseudoplatanus, Q. rubra and A. glutinosa leaves. The length of time of leaf decomposition was measured in the laboratory. The fastest loss of leaf surface was noted with respect to A. glutinosa (in the field as well as in the laboratory). Shredders collected from Q. rubra mats were numerous and the breakdown rate of leaf litter in the field as well as in the laboratory experiments was similar to Q. robur and A. pseudoplatanus. The number of caddis corresponded with the time of decomposition, which in 2014 was 20 days shorter than in 2013.
New additions to the Brazilian fauna of the genus Scytodes Latreille (Araneae: Scytodidae) with emphasis on the Atlantic Forest species
Authors: RHEIMS CRISTINA A. , BRESCOVIT ANTONIO D.
Published: July 2019

The present study is the fourth of a series dealing with the Brazilian Scytodidae fauna and emphasizes the Atlantic Forest species. Nevertheless, other undescribed species from different biomes were also included, in order to supply as much knowledge possible on the Neotropical Scytodidae fauna. Thirty two species are newly described: Scytodes tapacura n. sp., S. itabaiana n. sp., S. saaristoi n. sp., S. una n. sp. and S. guapiassu n. sp., S. maromba n. sp., S. tyaia n. sp., S. jurubatuba n. sp., S. bocaina n. sp., S. genebra n. sp., S. itapecerica n. sp., S. antonina n. sp. and S. chopim n. sp., S. pintodarochai n. sp., S. ytu n. sp., S. tabuleiro n. sp., S. maquine n. sp., S. chapeco n. sp., S. imbituba n. sp., S. ilhota n. sp. and S. turvo n. sp. from the Atlantic Forest, S. tapuia n. sp., S. adisi n. sp., S. mangabeiras n. sp., S. marlieria n. sp., S. nambiobyrassu n. sp. and S. vassununga n. sp., from Cerrado (Brazilian savannah), S. sincora n. sp., from Caatinga, S. caratinga n. sp., S. domhelvecio n. sp., S. brignolii n. sp. and S. bonito n. sp., from transition areas between Cerrado and Atlantic Forest. In addition, Scytodes lineatipes Taczanowski is considered a senior synonym of S. romitii Caporiacco. With this paper the number of native Brazilian species of Scytodes is increased from 41 to 73, representing almost 40% of the Scytodes fauna of the world.
Chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from parrots and parakeets of the genera Cyanoliseus and Enicognathus in Chile and Argentina, with descriptions of a new species
Authors: CICCHINO ARMANDO , GONZÁLEZ-ACUÑA DANIEL
Published: July 2019

The following three species of parrots: Enicognathus leptorhynchus (King) (Choroy = Slender-billed Parakeet), E. ferrugineus (-Müller) (Cachaña = Austral Parakeet) and Cyanoliseus patagonus (Vieillot) (Tricahue or Barranquero Parrot = Burrowing Parrot) from Southern Chile and Argentina were examined for chewing lice. Four louse species were found: Psittacobrossus patagoni Price and Beer and Heteromenopon macrurum (Eichler) ex the Austral Parakeet, Paragoniocotes meridionalis Guimarães, H. macrurum and P. patagoni ex the Burrowing Parrot, and H. macrurum and a new species of Paragoniocotes Cummings ex the Slender-billed Parakeet and the Austral Parakeet. P. meriodionalis is a new record for Chilean fauna, and E. leptorhynchus is a new host for H. macrurum. Paragoniocotes enicognathidis n. sp. is described and illustrated, discussing the morphological affinities with its close relatives.
Five new species of Pelthydrus Orchymont, 1919 from China and adjacent countries (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)
Authors: BIAN DONGJU , SCHÖNMANN HEINRICH , JI LANZHU
Published: July 2019

Five new species of the genus Pelthydrus Orchymont, 1919 (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) are described from China (Pelthydrus grossus sp. nov., P. subgrossus sp. nov., P. longifolius sp. nov., P. rosa sp. nov. and P. yulinensis sp. nov.); all belong to the Pelthydrus jendeki species group. Their distribution in China and adjacent countries (Thailand, Laos) is presented.
Typhlocybella maidica (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae: Dikraneurini), new species from Argentina
Authors: CATALANO MARÍA INÉS , PARADELL SUSANA LIRIA , DE REMES LENICOV ANA MARÍA MARINO
Published: July 2019

The tribe Dikraneurini, belonging to subfamily Typhlocybinae, is represented in the Afrotropical, Australian, Indomalayan, Nearctic, Neotropical and Paleartic regions with 201 genera and 31 subgenera recognized (Balme 2007). The genus Typhlocybella Baker, 1903 includes the following four species: Typhlocybella minima Baker, 1903 from Nicaragua, T. maculata Caldwell & Martorell, 1952 from Puerto Rico, T. parva Ruppel & DeLong, 1953 from Mexico and T. minuta (DeLong 1924) from Florida (USA) (Baker 1903, DeLong 1924, Caldwell & Martorell 1952, Ruppel & DeLong 1953). T. minima has been found on papaya, grasses, weeds, bushes, while T. maculata has been captured on grasses (Caldwell & Martorell 1952).
A new species of Aceria (Acari: Eriophyidae) damaging sowthistles, Sonchus spp. (Asteraceae), in Australia with notes on Aceria sonchi (Nalepa, 1902)
Authors: KNIHINICKI DANUTA K. , MCCARREN KATHRYN L. , SCOTT JOHN K.
Published: July 2019

A new species of eriophyoid mite from Australia is described and illustrated. Aceria thalgi sp. n. causes severe curling and rolling of leaves of common introduced sowthistle, Sonchus oleraceus L. It also affects introduced Sonchus asper (L.) Hill and native Sonchus hydrophilus Boulos. The native species may be the original host for this mite. Aceria thalgi sp. n. is shown to be a separate species to Aceria sonchi (Nalepa), which forms distinctive leaf galls on Sonchus spp. in southern Europe. English translations of past descriptions of A. sonchi are included for comparison. Historical observations and records from New South Wales suggest that A. thalgi sp. n. has been known for at least 80 years prior to its recent rediscovery in Western Australia. This implies that the newly described species may be widespread across the continent. There is also a past record of similar damage symptoms occurring on sowthistles in New Zealand. Aceria thalgi sp. n. has the potential to be a useful biological control agent in Australia and Canada, where sowthistles are major weeds of agriculture.
A new species of Phasmahyla Cruz, 1990 from the Atlantic Forest in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Amphibia, Hylidae, Phyllomedusinae)
Authors: DE CARVALHO-E-SILVA ANA MARIA PAULINO TELLES , DA SILVA GUILHERME RAMOS , CARVALHO-E-SILVA SERGIO POTSCH
Published: July 2019

A new species of the genus Phasmahyla Cruz, 1990 is described from the state of Rio de Janeiro in southeastern Brazil, and is compared with the other six species of the genus. The new species, Phasmahyla cruzi, is characterized by its small size, males measuring from 30.5 mm to 34.2 mm, and a female 41.6 mm; smooth skin; inner parts of legs and flanks slightly orange-colored, with numerous small, round, violet blotches; inner areas of the hands and feet slightly orange, and outer areas green with small round violet blotches; tympanum partially covered by the supratympanic fold; snout short and truncated; large eyes; palpebral membrane with white reticulation, pigmented over their entire area; combined lengths of the femur and tibia are greater than the mean snout-vent length; tarsus large, with the outer margin smooth or slightly crenulated; males with a visible nuptial pad from the base of the first finger to the inner carpal tubercle; tadpoles with one to three white spots on the distal third of the tail musculature; tail fins higher than the body, tail length equal to 67% of total body length; oral disc large and wide, with reduced indentation on dorsal margin and no indentation on ventral margin; tooth row formula 0-1/2(1); total length from 40.1 mm to 46.4 mm in stage 37. The new species was found above 200 m asl, from the municipalities of Mangaratiba to Parati, state of Rio de Janeiro.
Report on some Plesionika Bate, 1888 and first record of Stylopandalus Coutiére, 1905 (Caridea, Pandalidae) from Brazilian waters
Authors: CARDOSO IRENE
Published: July 2019

The Brazilian expeditions REVIZEE Central Fishery and Campos Basin Deep Sea Environmental Project collected samples from the southwestern Atlantic, between depths from 200 to 2200m. These expeditions sampled three Plesionika Bate, 1888 species: Plesionika edwardsii (Brandt, 1851), P. ensis (A. Milne Edwards, 1881) and P. miles (A. Milne Edwards, 1883). Besides that, one species of Stylopandalus Coutiére, 1905, a genus never recorded on Brazilian coast before, was collected. These four pandalids were redescribed and figured.
A redescription of Blethisa multipunctata aurata Fischer von Waldheim, 1828 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Elaphrinae)
Authors: GOULET HENRI , SH. GERMAN S. LAFER , MORITA SEIJI
Published: July 2019

Blethisa aurata Fischer von Waldheim, 1828 is redescribed based on recently collected specimens. The taxon is kept as a subspecies of B. multipunctata (Linnaeus 1758). This subspecies is known from forested regions on the Pacific watershed of Russia and Hokkaido (Japan), and Alaska (United States) and subarctic regions of the Northwest Territories (Canada). Blethisa inexspectata Goulet and Smetana, 1983 is a new synonym of B. multipunctata aurata. The remaining North American specimens originally assigned under B. multipunctata aurata (boreal east of Yukon and the Rocky Mountains) belong to B. hudsonica Casey, new status.
New species of the genus Epiphragma Osten Sacken from Yunnan, Southwest China (Diptera, Limoniidae)
Authors: MAO MENG , YANG DING
Published: July 2019

The subgenus Epiphragma (Epiphragma) Osten Sacken, 1860 is recorded from Yunnan (Southwest China) for the first time. The following five species with two dark rings on the femora are described as new to science: E. mediale sp. nov., E. yunnanense sp. nov., E. ancistrum sp. nov., E. breve sp. nov. and E. elongatum sp. nov. Their relationships with closely related species are discussed. A key to the species of the subgenus Epiphragma from China is presented for the first time.
A new species of the genus Crossodonthina (Collembola: Neanuridae: Lobellini) from China
Authors: LUO YONGZHENG , CHEN JIAN-XIU
Published: July 2019

The genus Crossodonthina Yosii, 1954 is briefly introduced and a new Chinese species, Crossodonthina bidentata, from Zhejiang Province, is described in the present paper. It is distinguished from all known members of the genus by two unique characters: tubercles Di fused on Abd. V and the unique structure of the mandibles and maxillae. Its labral chaetotaxy (2/5, 2), setae on furcular remnant and morphology of macrosetae (M) are also unusual for the genus. It is similar to the Chinese species, C. montana Lee & Kim, 1990 and C. hainana Xiong et al., 2005, in having 2+2 eyes, 8 sensory setae on Ant. IV, 1 inner tooth on unguis, 4+4 setae on ventral tube and in the body dorsal chaetotaxy. However, it differs from them in the setae on cephalic tubercles Oc, setae on furcular remnant and the morphological feature of macrosetae (M), as well as the fusion of Di tubercles on Abd. V and the structure of mandibles and maxillae. A key to world species of the genus is provided.
A new species of casque-headed tree frog, genus Aparasphenodon Miranda-Ribeiro (Amphibia: Anura: Hylidae), from the Atlantic Rainforest of southern Bahia, Brazil
Authors: PIMENTA BRUNO V. S. , NAPOLI MARCELO F. , HADDAD CÉLIO F. B.
Published: July 2019

A new species of Aparasphenodon is described from patches of arboreal restinga within the Atlantic Forest Biome, in a region known as Baixo Sul in southern Bahia, northeastern Brazil. Aparasphenodon arapapa sp. nov. is promptly diagnosed from other Aparasphenodon mainly by having small size (male snout-vent length 57.4–58.1 mm), loreal region flattened and wide, and canthus rostralis rounded and poorly elevated. The wide and flattened snout resembles that found in Triprion and Diaglena, and possibly is a parallelism (homoplasy) related to the phragmotic behavior of casque-headed tree frogs to their microhabitat usage. The decision to allocate the new species in the genus Aparasphenodon is discussed in detail, as the single morphological synapomorphy of the genus, the presence of a prenasal bone, is insufficient to morphologically relate the new species to Aparasphenodon, Triprion, or Diaglena.
A new brevicipitid species (Brevicipitidae: Callulina) from the fragmented forests of the Taita Hills, Kenya
Authors: LOADER SIMON P. , MEASEY G. JOHN , DE SÁ RAFAEL O. , MALONZA PATRICK K.
Published: July 2019

A new species Callulina dawida is described from the Taita Hills, Kenya. It is distinguished from other members of the genus on the basis of the degree of digital expansion. The species further differs from other members of the genus based on molecular sequence comparisons and on its call. The morphological variation in the new species is described, including a comparison of internal and external characters and sexual dimorphism with other species of Callulina. The conservation status of the species, on the basis of its restricted distribution and land use changes in the area, is considered to be of high concern. An updated key of the species of Callulina is provided.
New water mites species of the genus Feltria Koenike (Acariformes, Feltriidae) from the Asian Russia
Authors: TUZOVSKIJ PETR V. , SEMENCHENKO KSENIA A.
Published: July 2019

Illustrated descriptions of two water mite species, Feltria (Feltria) aculeata sp. n., Feltria (Feltria) ussuriensis sp. n., and one new subspecies, Feltria (Feltria) cornuta rossica ssp. n., from running waters of the Asian Russia are presented.
Cyrtodactylus erythrops (Squamata: Gekkonidae), a new cave-dwelling gecko from Mae Hong Son Province, Thailand
Authors: BAUER AARON M. , KUNYA KIRATI , SUMONTHA MONTRI , NIYOMWAN PIYAWAN , PANITVONG NONN , PAUWELS OLIVIER S. G. , CHANHOME LAWAN , KUNYA TUNYAKORN
Published: July 2019

A new cave-dwelling species of Cyrtodactylus Gray is described from Mae Hong Son Province in northern Thailand. The new species, C. erythrops sp. nov., is characterized by its moderate size (snout-vent length to at least 78 mm), relatively large, closely-spaced, flattened tubercles in 18–20 irregular rows at midbody, low number of ventral scales across midbody (28), absence of precloacal groove, presence of precloacal and femoral pores separated by a diastema, broad subcaudal plates, and dorsal pattern of dark spots and blotches. It is the fifth species of cave-dwelling Cyrtodactylus recorded from Thailand and its discovery adds to the mounting evidence that this genus exhibits unprecedented levels of localized endemism throughout tropical Southeast Asia.
A new species of Gastrophrynoides (Anura: Microhylidae): an addition to a previously monotypic genus and a new genus for Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: ONN CHAN KIN , GRISMER L. LEE , AHMAD NORHAYATI , BELABUT DAICUS
Published: July 2019

A new species of microhylid frog of the genus Gastrophrynoides is described from Gunung Besar Hantu, in the state of Negeri Sembilan, adding a new generic record to the family Microhylidae of Peninsular Malaysia and an additional species to the previously monotypic genus Gastrophrynoides. This new species can be distinguished from its only congener, G. borneensis by having an immaculate, grayish brown dorsum (instead of a spotted one); a longer snout (2.6–3.0 vs. 2.0–2.5 times diameter of eye); and a single, large, oval outer metacarpal tubercle beneath the hand (instead of smaller, paired, rectangular outer metacarpal tubercles in G. borneensis).
New records for the genus Diaditus (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Stenopodainae) in America north of Mexico
Authors: BLINN ROBERT L.
Published: July 2019

New distribution records are presented for Diaditus tejanus and D. semicolon. Diagnoses and images are presented for distinguishing these taxa.
The tadpole of Eupsophus nahuelbutensis (Anura: Neobatrachia): external morphology, chondrocranium, and comments on its natural history
Authors: NUÑEZ JOSÉ J. , ÚBEDA CARMEN A.
Published: July 2019

The tadpole of the endemic Chilean frog Eupsophus nahuelbutensis is described. The description includes external morphology, chondrocranium, and comments on natural history and systematics. This tadpole is endotrophic-nidicolous and unpigmented, resembling other larvae of the genus. In spite of its endotrophy and some typical traits of nidicolous tadpoles, the larva of E. nahuelbutensis does not differ significantly from a generalized exotrophic larvae. In addition, ecomorphological and biological characteristics of the tadpole of E. nahuelbutensis are discussed and compared with other members of Eupsophus.
Description of a new species Perissobasis heroni (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae: Deraeocorinae), found on Coffea arabica, and with a key to Neotropical species of the genus
Authors: FERREIRA PAULO SÉRGIO F. , UCELI LORENA F. , COELHO LÍVIA A. , PIROVANI VICTOR D.
Published: July 2019

The newly discovered plant bug Perissobasis heroni is described from specimens collected in Campos Altos city, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, on coffee (Coffea arabica). It was found with a rich arthropod fauna associated with coffee foliage. A diagnosis, description, photographs of the adult male, and selected structures and illustrations of male genitalia are provided to facilitate recognition. A key to species of Perissobasis is also included.
A new endemic genus of Oecleini from Seychelles (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae)
Authors: HOLZINGER WERNER E.
Published: July 2019

A new genus, Fipsianus gen. nov., from Seychelles is described. It is closely related to the genera Volcanalia, Eumyndus, Borbonomyndus and Nesomyndus. Fipsianus, is endemic to the granitic “inner islands” and comprises two species, Fipsianus picturatus (Distant , 1917) comb. nov. (type species; synonym Volcanalia varicolor Distant, 1917, syn. nov.) on Mahé and Silhouette islands and Fipsianus andreae sp. nov. on Praslin island. Both species are monophagous on the thief palm Phoenicophorium borsigianum.
Annotated key to the genera of Mymaridae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) in Argentina
Authors: ALBARRACIN ERICA LUFT , TRIAPITSYN SERGUEI V. , VIRLA EDUARDO G.
Published: July 2019

A key to the genera of Mymaridae occurring in Argentina is given, and information on the 178 determined and several undetermined species in 35 genera is provided, including data on their distribution and host associations. New host records are provided for several species of Anagrus Haliday and Gonatocerus Nees. The genus Kikiki Huber & Beardsley is recorded for the first time from the New World, and the genera Australomymar Girault, Camptopteroides Viggiani, Gahanopsis Ogloblin, Myrmecomymar Yoshimoto, and Ptilomymar Annecke & Doutt are reported for the first time from Argentina. Eucleruchus Ogloblin, syn. nov. is synonymized under Cleruchus Enock, and its type species E. neivai Ogloblin is transferred to Cleruchus as C. neivai (Ogloblin), comb. nov.
Iocoris nodulifemoralis, a new genus and new species of Harpactorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Reduviidae) from China
Authors: ZHAO PING , LUO ZHAOHUI , CAI WANZHI
Published: July 2019

A new monotypic genus, Iocoris, is erected to accommodate an undescribed unique species, Iocoris nodulifemoralis sp. nov., in the reduviid subfamily Harpactorinae from China. A key is provided to distinguish the new genus from other closely related genera. The dorsal habitus and other diagnostic characters are illustrated. The type specimens are preserved in the Entomological Museum of China Agricultural University, Beijing.
Comparison of the predatory rotifers Pleurotrocha petromyzon (Ehrenberg, 1830) and Pleurotrocha sigmoidea Skorikov, 1896 (Rotifera: Monogononta: Notommatidae) based on light and electron microscopic observations
Authors: WILTS EIKE F. , BININDA-EMONDS OLAF R. P. , AHLRICHS WILKO H.
Published: July 2019

In the course of phylogenetic investigations across Rotifera, we reinvestigated Proales sigmoidea (Skorikov, 1896) and found significant similarities with respect to its morphology, ecology and behaviour to Pleurotrocha petromyzon (Ehrenberg, 1830). Both species feed on stalked ciliates and show a similar habitus as well as similar virgate trophi. We here present new morphological details for both species based on light and electron micrographs. In light of our results, we suggest the reassignment of Proales sigmoidea to Pleurotrocha Ehrenberg, 1830. To further support our case, we provide additional comparisons with other species of the latter genus, including Pleurotrocha robusta (Glasscott, 1893), for which we present additional information.
New genus of Megalopsalidinae (Arachnida: Opiliones: Monoscutidae) from north-eastern Australia
Authors: TAYLOR CHRISTOPHER K. , HUNT GLENN S.
Published: July 2019

Neopantopsalis n. gen. represents a previously unrecognised radiation of Opiliones from Queensland and northern New South Wales. Neopantopsalis quasimodo n. sp. is described from specimens examined but never published by the late G. S. Hunt. N. pentheter n. sp., N. psile n. sp. and N. thaumatopoios n. sp. are also described, while Pantopsalis continentalis and Spinicrus camelus are recombined as N. continentalis n. comb. and N. camelus n. comb., respectively. Neopantopsalis is distinguished from other genera of Monoscutidae by humps on the dorsal prosomal plate, lengthened spine rows on leg I, reduced bristle groups on the penis, and a long, dorsoventrally flattened glans. Male dimorphism is postulated for N. quasimodo, N. pentheter and N. psile, with rarer minor males that are considerably smaller and have less developed secondary sexual characteristics than the more common major males. A new terminology is introduced to facilitate descriptions of the propeltidium of Megalopsalidinae.
New and less known Orthoptera (Insecta) from the island of Socotra (Yemen)
Authors: MASSA BRUNO
Published: July 2019

A list of nine species of Orthoptera collected on Socotra is reported. Three of them were previously unrecorded on the island (Trigonidium cicindeloides, Paratettix subpustulatus and Acrotylus insubricus) and one (Ochrilidia socotrae n.sp.) was undescribed. Further systematic notes on Glomeremus pileatus, G. mediopictus, Pyrgomorpha conica tereticornis, Acrotylus incarnatus and Sphingonotus insularis are included. The East African Acrotylus meruensis, previously considered synonym of A. incarnatus, is proposed as a valid species, distinct from the latter.
Taxonomic re-examination of the hermit crab species Pagurus forceps and Pagurus comptus (Decapoda: Paguridae) by molecular analysis
Authors: MANTELATTO FERNANDO LUIS , PARDO LUIS MIGUEL , PILEGGI LEONARDO GOMES , FELDER DARRYL L.
Published: July 2019

The current taxonomy of two poorly known hermit crab species Pagurus forceps H. Milne Edwards, 1836 and Pagurus comptus White, 1847 from temperate Pacific and Atlantic coastlines of South America is based only on adult morphology. Past studies have questioned the separation of these two very similar species, which occur sympatrically. We included specimens morphologically assignable to P. forceps and P. comptus in a phylogenetic analysis, along with other selected anomuran decapods, based on 16S ribosomal gene sequences. Differences between samples putatively assigned to either P. forceps and P. comptus were moderate, with sequence similarity ranging from 98.2 to 99.4% for the fragments analyzed. Our comparison of mitochondrial DNA sequences (16S rRNA) revealed diagnostic differences between the two putative species, suggesting that P. forceps and P. comptus are indeed phylogenetically close but different species, with no genetic justification to support their synonymization. The polyphyly of Pagurus is not corroborated here among the represented Atlantic species, despite obviously complex relationships among the members of the genus.
The cosmopolitan spider Cryptachaea blattea (Urquhart 1886) (Araneae: Theridiidae): Redescription, including COI sequence, and new synonymy
Authors: VINK COR J. , DUPÉRRÉ NADINE , PAQUIN PIERRE , FITZGERALD BRIAN M. , SIRVID PHIL J.
Published: July 2019

Cryptachaea blattea (Urquhart 1886) new combination, a cosmopolitan species of the spider family Theridiidae, is redescribed, including notes on its distribution and DNA sequences from the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1. Based on morphological evidence and mitochondrial DNA sequences, Cryptachaea acoreensis Berland 1932 is a junior synonym of Cryptachaea blattea.
Revision of the Afrotropical Xorides Latréille, 1809 (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Xoridinae), with description of three new species
Authors: VARGA OLEKSANDR
Published: July 2019

Twelve species of Xorides Latréille, 1809 are recorded from the Afrotropical region, three species described as new: X. nigrithorax sp. n., X. rufofacialis sp. n., and X. simoni sp. n. The males of X. maculiceps (Cameron, 1906) and X. praestans (Tosquinet, 1896) are described for the first time. The following synonymies are established: X. maculiceps (Cameron, 1906) = X. maculatus (Benoit, 1952) syn. n.; X. aciculatus (Benoit, 1952) = X. similis (Benoit, 1952) syn. n. Xorides serratitibia (Enderlein, 1914) is placed as incertae sedis. A key to the Afrotropical Xorides species is provided.
Taxonomic structure and variability of Selenocephalus obsoletus (Germar, 1817) (Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Selenocephalini)
Authors: TISHECHKIN DMITRI YU.
Published: July 2019

Comparative investigation of morphology and calling signals of Selenocephalus obsoletus (Germar, 1817) from different localities in Western Europe, Bulgaria, Ukraine, and Russia showed that this species includes two subspecies. S. obsoletus obsoletus occurs in the Mediterranean, S. obsoletus rossicus Zachvatkin, 1945, stat. n. is distributed from the steppes of Eastern Europe up to Bulgaria; the boundary between two subspecies in the Balkans coincides with the boundary of the Mediterranean Region. Lectotypes of Selenocephalus rossicus Zachvatkin, 1945 and Selenocephalus rossicus tesquicola Zachvatkin, 1945 are designated; the synonymy S. obsoletus rossicus = S. rossicus tesquicola syn. n. is established.
A new mayfly Thraulus species (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Peninsular India
Authors: BALASUBRAMANIAN CHELLAIAH , MUTHUKATTURAJA MARIMUTHU
Published: July 2019

A new mayfly species Thraulus thiagarajani sp. nov. is described and characterized by dorsal lamella of abdominal gill I lanceolate, lamella of gills II- VII subequal to or slightly larger than dorsal lamella; posterior margin of labrum not strongly convex. Imago of the species with patterned femora and tergum. Hind wings have no coloration at base, much smaller than forewing. Costal projection is present at 0.6 of hind wing.
Organizational Decision-Making Structures in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Shrestha Yash Raj , Ben-Menahem Shiko M. , von Krogh Georg
Published: July 2019

How does organizational decision-making change with the advent of artificial intelligence (AI)-based decision-making algorithms? This article identifies the idiosyncrasies of human and AI-based decision making along five key contingency factors: specificity of the decision search space, interpretability of the decision-making process and outcome, size of the alternative set, decision-making speed, and replicability. Based on a comparison of human and AI-based decision making along these dimensions, the article builds a novel framework outlining how both modes of decision making may be combined to optimally benefit the quality of organizational decision making. The framework presents three structural categories in which decisions of organizational members can be combined with AI-based decisions: full human to AI delegation; hybrid—human-to-AI and AI-to-human—sequential decision making; and aggregated human–AI decision making.
How to Observe Users’ Movements in Virtual Environments: Viewpoint Control in a Power Wheelchair Simulator
Authors: Alshaer Abdulaziz , O’Hare David , Archambault Philippe , Shirley Mark , Regenbrecht Holger
Published: July 2019

Objective

We describe a networked, two-user virtual reality (VR) power wheelchair (PWC) simulator system in which an actor (client) and an observer (clinician) meet. We then present a study with 15 observers (expert clinicians) evaluating the effect of three principal forms of viewpoint control (egocentric-egomotion, egocentric-tethered, and client-centric) on the observer’s assessment of driving tasks in a virtual environment (VE).

Background

VR allows for the simulation and assessment of real-world tasks in a controlled, safe, and repeatable environment. Observing users’ movement behavior in such a VE requires appropriate viewpoint control for the observer. The VR viewpoint user interface should allow an observer to make judgments equivalent or even superior to real-world situations.

Method

A purpose-built VR PWC simulator was developed. In a series of PWC driving tasks, we measured the perceived ease of use and sense of presence of the observers and compared the virtual assessment with real-world “gold standard” scores, including confidence levels in judgments.

Results

Findings suggest that with more immersive techniques, such as egomotion and tethered egocentric viewpoints, judgments are both more accurate and more confident. The ability to walk and/or orbit around the view significantly affected the observers’ sense of presence.

Conclusion

Incorporating the observer into the VE, through egomotion, is an effective method for assessing users’ behavior in VR with implications for the transferability of virtual experiences to the real world.

Application

Our application domain serves as a representative example for tasks where the movement of users through a VE needs to be evaluated.
Can Emotions Capture the Elusive Gain-Loss Framing Effect? A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Nabi Robin L. , Walter Nathan , Oshidary Neekaan , Endacott Camille G. , Love-Nichols Jessica , Lew Z. J. , Aune Alex
Published: July 2019

Although recent streams of research have suggested that emotions play a key role in generating framing effects, little is known about the affective dimension of gain and loss framing and its potential impact on persuasion. The current study adopted a meta-analytical approach, synthesizing over 30 years of literature ( k = 25, N = 5,772), to investigate this issue. The results indicate that message frame type directs the emotional response elicited in the audience, with gain frames inducing positive emotions ( d = .31, p = .02) and loss frames inducing negative emotions ( d = .22, p = .001). In turn, the experience of positive emotions enhances the influence of gain frames ( b = .18, p = .045), whereas negative emotions augment the effects of loss frames ( b = −.70, p = .01). These findings confirm that emotional responses may offer a pathway through which gain- and loss-framed messages exert persuasive influence. The study integrates the results with the emotions-as-frames perspective and proposes several promising avenues for future research.
Association of Toll-Like Receptor Polymorphisms With Nasal Polyposis
Authors: Kesici Gülin Gökçen , Kargın Kaytez Selda , Özdaş Talih , Özdaş Sibel
Published: July 2019

Nasal polyposis is a disease characterized with chronic inflammation of the nasal mucosa. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are defined as essential receptors of the innate immune system and may play in the development of nasal polyposis. A total of 71 patients with nasal polyposis and 74 healthy controls were included in this study. Three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs); TLR2 (2258 A>G), TLR4 (896 A>G), and TLR4 (1196 C>T) were analyzed in all patients. The degree of pair-wise linkage disequilibrium and the genotype and haplotype analyses were conducted using regression in this logistic model and the Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction (MDR) software package was used to construct all possible interactions among different genotype variants belonging to the TLR gene. There was significant difference in genotype and allele frequencies of the TLR4 (1196 C>T) polymorphism between the nasal polyposis and control groups (0.017). Also, it was observed that the probability of nasal polyposis was 62.7% in the presence of TLR4 (1196 C>T) polymorphism with asthma ( P = .007). As a conclusion, this study showed that TLR4 and TLR2 polymorphisms were predisposing factors for nasal polyposis. Further functional studies investigating the consequences of loss of TLR function are needed.
Challenges to Diabetes Self-Management in Emerging Adults With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Ramchandani Neesha , Way Niobe , Melkus Gail D’Eramo , Sullivan-Bolyai Susan
Published: July 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study undergirded by Meleis’s Transition Framework was to explore developmental, situational, and organizational challenges experienced by a diverse group of emerging adults (18-29 years old) with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). Their perspectives on creating a developmentally informed diabetes self-management (DSM) program that supports transitional care were also explored.

Methods

A purposive sample of emerging adults with T1DM was recruited from the pediatric and adult diabetes clinics of an urban academic medical center. Those who consented participated in either a single focus group or a single interview. Self-reported demographic and clinical information was also collected.

Results

The sample was comprised of 21 emerging adults, with an average age of 23.6 ± 2.6 years, diabetes duration of 14.7 ± 5.0 years, and 71% female. Four main themes emerged: (1) finding a balance between diabetes and life, (2) the desire to be in control of their diabetes, (3) the hidden burden of diabetes, and (4) the desire to have a connection with their diabetes provider. Use of insulin pumps and continuous glucose monitors and attendance at diabetes camp decreased some of the DSM challenges. Different groups of individuals had different perspectives on living with diabetes and different approaches to DSM.

Conclusions

The emerging adults in this study had a strong desire to be in good glycemic control. However, all participants described having a hard time balancing DSM with other competing life priorities. They also desired personalized patient-provider interactions with their diabetes care provider in clinical follow-up services. Even though the study sample was small, important themes emerged that warrant further exploration.
Looking for the Cosmopolitical Fish: Monitoring Marine Pollution with Anglers and Congers in the Gulf of Fos, Southern France
Authors: Gramaglia Christelle , Mélard François
Published: July 2019

Following a controversy over the construction of a waste incinerator in the Fos-sur-Mer industrial area (France), residents pointed to the lack of knowledge of the industry’s cumulative impact on their health and environment. Under pressure, some of their elected representatives supported the creation of an independent scientific organization, the Ecocitizen Institute for Pollution Awareness ( Institut écocitoyen pour la connaissance des pollutions [IECP]). Its objective was to conduct localized scientific research on the effects of pollution and to lobby the administration to change its regulatory practices. This paper examines the efforts made to ensure that the “undone science” gets done, by focusing on the specificities of this industrialized site. We look at a participatory biomonitoring experiment that aimed to document pollution in the Gulf of Fos where scientists working for the IECP accepted anglers’ requests and switched from an acknowledged sentinel species to another species. We tell the many stories that were shared with us about how conger qualified as a more suitable “cosmopolitical fish” in the study of pollution. Elaborating on actor–network theory and multispecies ethnographies, we discuss the appropriateness of congers as the newly appointed sentinel species. We argue that this demonstrates the importance of the “ecology of relations” in maintaining the livability of the area.
Toxicologic Pathology Forum*: Commentary on “Opinion on Designation of Adverse and Nonadverse Histopathological Findings in Toxicity Studies: The Pathologist’s Dilemma”
Authors: Patrick Daniel J. , Troth Sean P.
Published: July 2019

In the article “Opinion on Designation of Adverse and Nonadverse Histopathological Findings in Toxicity Studies: The Pathologist’s Dilemma,” the authors Gopinath and Mowat provide a framework for designation of adversity supplemented with photomicrographic examples. Given that adversity designation can significantly impact the no observed adverse effect level and clinical trial design, it is important to carefully consider all of the criteria by which such assignments are made. We highlight some of the specific assertions within the article that could benefit from a more detailed discussion. Our primary criticism surrounds the authors’ primary reliance on histopathology in isolation for adversity designation, which in our opinion provides an overly simplified depiction of the process. We provide additional perspective on how context beyond histopathology often plays a critical role in adversity designation and highlight areas where inclusion of some of these scenarios would have provided the reader a more realistic view of the complex process of assigning adversity.

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Primary accessory thyroid carcinoma with negative 99mTcO4− SPECT/CTimaging: a case report and literature review
Authors: Ma Yibo , Qian Feng , Wang Jianfeng , Liu Yanping , Liu Shuiqing
Published: July 2019

Introduction

In contrast to orthotopic thyroid carcinoma, primary accessory thyroid carcinoma is very rare. We herein report a case involving primary accessory thyroid carcinoma in a patient with normal ultrasonography of the orthotopic thyroid and negative 99mTcO4− single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scintigraphy. Case presentation: A computed tomography (CT) scan showed soft tissue nodules at the left anterior edge of the thyroid cartilage. To determine whether the mass was accessory thyroid tissue, 99mTcO4− SPECT/CT was performed, and the findings were negative. However, pathological examination after resection showed that mass was a primary accessory thyroid papillary carcinoma. The 1-year follow-up ultrasound showed no lesion at the orthotropic thyroid and neck incision sites.

Conclusions

This case suggests that negative 99mTcO4− SPECT/CT imaging may not completely exclude the possibility of thyroid carcinoma. A punch biopsy or postoperative pathological examination is necessary for the diagnosis.
Desmoplastic trichilemmoma of the scalp: case report and literature review of immunohistochemical staining features
Authors: Zhong Shan , Wang Li , Mei Xue-ling
Published: July 2019

Desmoplastic trichilemmoma (DT) of the scalp is a rare disease. In this report, we describe a 67-year-old man who had a small papule lesion around the hairline of the left scalp for more than 40 years. The lesion had rapidly grown to become a solitary, round, 15-mm neoplasm within 6 months. Histopathological examination showed that the mass was composed of a peripheral layer of columnar cells with nuclear palisading resembling the outer root sheath; the mass was surrounded by a thickened glassy basement membrane. The stroma in the center of the mass displayed solid, hyaline degeneration and an eosinophilic pattern, streaked with epithelial cords or islands. Immunohistochemical evaluation showed diastase-resistant, periodic acid–Schiff-positive desmoplastic stroma at the center, and Ber-EP4-negative tumor cells (CD34-positive focally and Bcl-2-positive at the periphery). The tumor was completely resected, and no recurrence occurred during the follow-up period. In this report, we also summarize immunohistochemical features from previous reports of DT, facilitating differential diagnosis of DT from some invasive skin tumors.
Prostate imaging reporting and data system correlation with Gleason score: Pathological aspects of magnetic resonance imaging findings
Authors: Yokoo Patricia , de Oliveira Salvador Gabriel Lucca , Castillo Jesus José André Quintana , Basso Ana Carolina Nicoletti , Amaral Rafael Sarmento do , de Campos Rafael Olinto Pelaez , Barreto Renan Arrais Ykeda , Orozco Oscar Fernando Ghattas , Cavalli Alexandre Cavalheiro , Zaparolli Mauricio
Published: July 2019

Objective:

Prostate cancer has a high prevalence and mortality, being the most diagnosed urologic cancer. Prostatic magnetic resonance imaging showed high sensitivity in the detection of clinically significant neoplasia and agreement with the Gleason score. Therefore, we attempted to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the prostate imaging reporting and data system, using biopsy and prostatectomy as the reference standard. The secondary goal of correlating prostatic magnetic resonance imaging findings and anatomopathological samples is obtained.

Materials and Methods:

We retrospectively analyzed seventy-nine 1.5 Tesla prostatic magnetic resonance imaging scans in patients aged 31 to 86 years, performed at the Clinical Hospital of the Federal University of Paraná between January 2015 and February 2018.

Results:

Considering all 79 patients, prostatic magnetic resonance imaging was able to diagnose tumor in 47 patients (59.4%). Considering the peripheral zone, the prostatic magnetic resonance imaging had a sensitivity of 75.0% (95% confidence interval: 52.1%–98.0%), specificity of 89.5% (95% confidence interval: 66.0%–100%), 94.4% positive predictive value (95% confidence interval: 71.0%–100%), 66.7% negative predictive value (95% confidence interval: 43.0%–69.0%), 83.8% Positive Likelihood Ratio (PVR) (95% confidence interval: 60.0%–100%), 27.9% Negative Likelihood Ratio (RVN) (95% confidence interval: 5.0%–50.0 %), and accuracy of 86.3% (95% confidence interval: 63.0%–100%). The receiver operating characteristic curve obtained demonstrated the sensitivity variation according to the prostate imaging reporting and data system score of the patients, obtaining an area under the curve of 84.8 for a prostate imaging reporting and data system cutoff of 3.

Conclusion:

The use of the prostate imaging reporting and data system score is useful for the screening and classification of prostate cancer, due to its easy reproducibility, even in a population with an unknown prostate cancer prevalence, which can be easily correlated with biopsy studies and/or radical prostatectomy.
Three-Level Meta-Analysis of Single-Case Data Regarding the Effects of Peer Tutoring on Academic and Social-Behavioral Outcomes for At-Risk Students and Students With Disabilities
Authors: Moeyaert Mariola , Klingbeil David A. , Rodabaugh Emily , Turan Merve
Published: July 2019

Meta-analysis of single-case experimental designs may further knowledge about evidence-based practices for students needing remedial or special education. To contribute to evidence-based practice, a multivariate multilevel meta-analysis was used to synthesize the effectiveness of peer tutoring interventions on both academic and social-behavior outcomes. In total, 46 single-case studies met all inclusion criteria. Peer tutoring had a statistically significant effect on both academic and social-behavior outcomes, with a slightly larger effect on academic outcomes. Peer tutoring also had a significant effect on the trend in academic outcomes during the treatment phase (indicating that the intervention becomes more effective over time), but the effect on trends was slightly less than for social outcomes. Including moderators such as gender, age, disability type, and study quality reduced the amount of between-case and between-study heterogeneity. Limitations and implications of these findings are discussed.
Neuronal Intranuclear Inclusion Disease: Longitudinal Case Report of Motor and Nonmotor Symptoms
Authors: Vermilion Jennifer , Johnson Mahlon , Srinivasan Jayasri , Mink Jonathan W.
Published: July 2019

Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease is a rare, neurodegenerative disorder with onset in childhood. We report a single case natural history over 10 years and present a review of juvenile parkinsonism and neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease. Our patient was initially seen at the University of Rochester at age 12 years after 4 years of progressive dysarthria, dysphagia, and clumsiness. His neurologic examination was notable for parkinsonism. He had excellent initial response to levodopa, but subsequently developed dopa-induced motor fluctuations, dyskinesias, psychosis, and dystonia. Later in the course, he developed multiple nonmotor symptoms and ultimately died from respiratory failure. Neuropathology demonstrated large eosinophilic nuclear inclusions and small ubiquitin-related modifier 1 (SUMO-1) immunoreactivity, confirming the diagnosis of neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease. This diagnosis should be considered in a patient presenting with juvenile parkinsonism. Clues to the diagnosis include early-onset dopa-induced dyskinesias, gastrointestinal dysfunction, and oculogyric crises.
The Fight Within: Parent-Educators Advocating for their Children with Autism Inside their Own School Districts
Authors: Fogle Keri C. , Hoppey David , Allsopp David H.
Published: July 2019

Parents have advocated for the educational rights of their children with disabilities for decades, and more so since the reauthorization of the Individuals With Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). Advocating for one’s child while working as an employee in the same school district where your child receives special education services comes with unforeseen complexities. Using a heuristic case study approach, this inquiry intended to discern the experiences, barriers, and perceptions of job security of two parent-educators with children with autism. Findings suggest unanticipated experiences and challenges within their dual, parent-educator role as indicated by the theory of responsible advocacy. Perceived employment consequences related to advocating from within the school system are also discussed along with implications for such parent-educators and their role in improving parent–school partnerships in special education.