bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prospective Validation and Refinement of a Population Pharmacokinetic Model of Fludarabine in Children and Young Adults Undergoing Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Authors: Brooks Jordan T. , Solans Belen P. , Lu Ying , Kharbanda Sandhya , Dvorak Christopher C. , Lalefar Nahal , Long Susie , Gupta Ashish O. , Horn Biljana , Lamba Jatinder K. , Huang Liusheng , Apsel-Winger Beth , Keizer Ron J. , Savic Rada , Long-Boyle Janel
Published: November 2022

Fludarabine is a nucleoside analog with antileukemic and immunosuppressive activity commonly used in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Several fludarabine population pharmacokinetic (popPK) and pharmacodynamic models have been published enabling the movement towards precision dosing of fludarabine in pediatric HCT; however, developed models have not been validated in a prospective cohort of patients. In this multicenter pharmacokinetic study, fludarabine plasma concentrations were collected via a sparse-sampling strategy. A fludarabine popPK model was evaluated and refined using standard nonlinear mixed effects modelling techniques. The previously described fludarabine popPK model well-predicted the prospective fludarabine plasma concentrations. Individuals who received model-based dosing (MBD) of fludarabine achieved significantly more precise overall exposure of fludarabine. The fludarabine popPK model was further improved by both the inclusion of fat-free mass instead of total body weight and a maturation function on fludarabine clearance. The refined popPK model is expected to improve dosing recommendations for children younger than 2 years and patients with higher body mass index. Given the consistency of fludarabine clearance and exposure across its multiple days of administration, therapeutic drug monitoring is not likely to improve targeted exposure attainment.
Sex and Circadian Timing Modulate Oxaliplatin Hematological and Hematopoietic Toxicities
Authors: Dulong Sandrine , de Souza Lucas Eduardo Botelho , Machowiak Jean , Peuteman Benoit , Duvallet Gaelle , Boyenval Déborah , Roth Elise , Asgarova Afag , Chang Yunhua , Li Xiao-Mei , Foudi Adlen , Ballesta Annabelle
Published: November 2022

Oxaliplatin was nearly twice as hematotoxic, with optimal circadian timing differing by 6 h, in women as compared to men with colorectal cancers. Hence, we investigated sex- and timing-related determinants of oxaliplatin hematopoietic toxicities in mice. Body-weight loss (BWL), blood cell counts, bone marrow cellularity (BMC) and seven flow-cytometry-monitored hematopoietic progenitor populations were evaluated 72 h after oxaliplatin chronotherapy administration (5 mg/kg). In control animals, circadian rhythms of circulating white blood cells showed a peak at ZT5 in both sexes, whereas BMC was maximum at ZT20 in males and ZT13h40 in females. All BM progenitor counts presented robust rhythms with phases around ZT3h30 in females, whereas only three of them rhythmically cycled in males with a ≈ −6 h phase shift. In treated females, chronotoxicity rhythms occurred in BWL, WBC, BMC and all BM progenitors with the best timing at ZT15, ZT21, ZT15h15 and ZT14h45, respectively. In males, almost no endpoints showed circadian rhythms, BWL and WBC toxicity being minimal, albeit with a substantial drop in BM progenitors. Increasing dose (10 mg/kg) in males induced circadian rhythms in BWL and WBC but not in BM endpoints. Our results suggest complex and sex-specific clock-controlled regulation of the hematopoietic system and its response to oxaliplatin.
Heterogeneous Structural Disturbance of Cell Membrane by Peptides with Modulated Hydrophobic Properties
Authors: Dou Yujiang , Chen Haibo , Ge Yuke , Yang Kai , Yuan Bing
Published: November 2022

Extensive effort has been devoted to developing new clinical therapies based on membrane-active peptides (MAPs). Previous models on the membrane action mechanisms of these peptides mostly focused on the MAP–membrane interactions in a local region, while the influence of the spatial heterogeneity of the MAP distribution on the membrane was much ignored. Herein, three types of natural peptide variants, AS4-1, AS4-5, and AS4-9, with similar amphiphilic α-helical structures but distinct hydrophobic degrees (AS4-1 < AS4-5 < AS4-9) and net charges (+9 vs. +7 vs. +5), were used to interact with a mixed phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG) membrane. A combination of giant unilamellar vesicle (GUV) leakage assays, atomic force microscopy (AFM) characterizations, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations demonstrated the coexistence of multiple action mechanisms of peptides on a membrane, probably due to the spatially heterogeneous distribution of peptides on the membrane surface. Specifically, the most hydrophobic peptide (i.e., AS4-9) had the strongest membrane binding, perturbation, and permeabilization effects, leading to the formation of large peptide–lipid aggregates (10 ± 5 nm in height and 150 ± 50 nm in size), as well as continuous fragments and ridges on the supported membrane surface. The AS4-5 peptides, with a half-hydrophilic and half-hydrophobic structure, induced membrane lysis in addition to reconstruction. The most hydrophilic peptide AS4-1 only exhibited unstable binding on the supported membrane surface. These results demonstrate the heterogeneous structural disturbance of model cell membranes by amphiphilic α-helical peptides, which could be significantly strengthened by increasing the degree of hydrophobicity and/or local number density of peptides. This work provides support for the modulation of the membrane activity of MAPs by adjusting their hydrophobicity and local concentration.
Structural Analysis of Carbon Fiber 3D-Printed Ribs for Small Wind Turbine Blades
Authors: Ramírez-Elías Víctor A. , Damian-Escoto Noemi , Choo Kyosung , Gómez-Martínez Miguel A. , Balvantín-García Antonio , Diosdado-De la Peña José Angel
Published: November 2022

This work provides a structural analysis of small-scale 3D-printed wind turbine ribs subjected to compression. The ribs were manufactured according to NACA 23015 and NACA 633618 geometries, with polylactic acid (PLA) and polylactic acid with carbon fiber additives (CF-PLA). In addition, holes were manufactured into the sample bodies by either 3D printing or drilling for being compared with solid samples. The compression testing was performed by following the ASTM 695D standard, whereas the beginning and propagation of delamination were assessed with the ASTM 5528 standard. Experimental results revealed that 3D-printed built-in holes provided higher compression strength, hence higher structural efficiency, than the drilled samples. Significant improvement by adding carbon fiber additives into the PLA resin system in comparison to raw PLA was detected for at least one of the studied airfoil profiles. NACA geometries also represented a key parameter for avoiding stress concentration areas, as the FEM modeling supported. However, in damaged areas, fracture mechanisms were observed such as bead-bridging, which is a key parameter in reinforcing and consolidating the specimen bodies. Working in better interphase bonding and different additives between beads and layers is highly suggested for future studies.
Thermal Degradation of Organophosphorus Flame Retardants
Authors: Howell Bob A.
Published: November 2022

The development of new organophosphorus flame retardants for polymeric materials is spurred by relatively low toxicity, effectiveness, and demand for replacement of more traditional materials. To function, these compounds must decompose in a degrading polymer matrix to form species which promote modification of the solid phase or generate active radical moieties that escape to the gas phase and interrupt combustion propagating reactions. An understanding of the decomposition process for these compounds may provide insight into the nature of flame retardant action which they may offer and suggest parameters for the synthesis of effective new organophosphorus flame retardants. The thermal degradation of a series of organophosphorus esters varying in the level of oxygenation at phosphorus—alkyl phosphate, aryl phosphate, phosphonate, phosphinate—has been examined. Initial degradation in all cases corresponds to elimination of a phosphorus acid. However, the facility with which this occurs is strongly dependent on the level of oxygenation at phosphorus. For alkyl phosphates elimination occurs rapidly at relatively low temperature. The same process occurs at somewhat higher temperature for aryl phosphates. Elimination of a phosphorus acid from phosphonate or phosphinate occurs more slowly and at much higher temperature. Further, the acids formed from elimination rapidly degrade further to evolve volatile species.
Phosphine-Functionalized Core-Crosslinked Micelles and Nanogels with an Anionic Poly(styrenesulfonate) Shell: Synthesis, Rhodium(I) Coordination and Aqueous Biphasic Hydrogenation Catalysis
Authors: Wang Hui , Abou-Fayssal Chantal J. , Fliedel Christophe , Manoury Eric , Poli Rinaldo
Published: November 2022

Stable latexes containing unimolecular amphiphilic core-shell star-block polymers with a triphenylphosphine(TPP)-functionalized hydrophobic core and an outer hydrophilic shell based on anionic styrenesulfonate monomers have been synthesized in a convergent three-step strategy by reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization, loaded with [RhCl(COD)]2 and applied to the aqueous biphasic hydrogenation of styrene. When the outer shell contains sodium styrenesulfonate homopolymer blocks, treatment with a toluene solution of [RhCl(COD)]2 led to undesired polymer coagulation. Investigation of the interactions of [RhCl(COD)]2 and [RhCl(COD)(PPh3)] with smaller structural models of the polymer shell functions, namely sodium p-toluenesulfonate, sodium styrenesulfonate, and a poly(sodium styrenesulfonate) homopolymer in a biphasic toluene/water medium points to the presence of equilibrated Rh-sulfonate interactions as the cause of coagulation by inter-particle cross-linking. Modification of the hydrophilic shell to a statistical copolymer of sodium styrenesulfonate and poly(ethylene oxide) methyl ether methacrylate (PEOMA) in a 20:80 ratio allowed particle loading with the generation of core-anchored [RhCl(COD)TPP] complexes. These Rh-loaded latexes efficiently catalyze the aqueous biphasic hydrogenation of neat styrene as a benchmark reaction. The catalytic phase could be recovered and recycled, although the performances in terms of catalyst leaching and activity evolution during recycles are inferior to those of equivalent nanoreactors based on neutral or polycationic outer shells.
Systematic Parameter Estimation and Dynamic Simulation of Cold Contact Fermentation for Alcohol-Free Beer Production
Authors: Pilarski Dylan W. , Gerogiorgis Dimitrios I.
Published: November 2022

Global demand for Low-Alcohol Beer (LAB) and Alcohol-Free Beer (AFB) has surged due to flavor attributes, health benefits, and lifestyle changes, prompting efforts for process intensification. This paper aims to offer a detailed modelling basis for LAB manufacturing study and optimisation. A first-principles dynamic model for conventional beer manufacturing has been re-parameterized and used for dynamic simulation of Cold Contact Fermentation (CCF), an effective LAB and AFB production method, with concentrations tracked along plausible temperature manipulation profiles. Parameter estimation is pursued using industrial production data, with a detailed local sensitivity analysis portraying the effect of key parameter variation on sugar consumption, ethanol production, and key flavor component (ethyl acetate and diacetyl) evolution during (and final values after) CCF. Ethyl acetate (esters in general) affecting fruity flavors emerge as most sensitive to CCF conditions.
How Does Public Sentiment Affect the Socially Responsible Behavior of Construction Enterprises?
Authors: Dang Xiaoxu , Wang Shihui , Deng Xiaopeng , Zhang Ziming , Zhang Na , Mao Hongtao
Published: November 2022

The negative environmental impact of the construction sector has garnered global attention, and as the “primary force” in achieving the “double carbon” target, green development is urgent, and social responsibility practices cannot be postponed. An evolutionary game model was constructed by combining the rank-dependent expected utility (RDEU) theory and the evolutionary game theory to understand the interaction mechanism between participants’ emotions and decisions, taking into account the characteristics of construction enterprises and the public regarding irrational decisions under heterogeneous emotional combinations. The study demonstrates that: (1) there is probability in the choice of rational strategies, and emotion is an irrational factor that can affect strategy choice. (2) The evolutionary trend of the strategy choice of the game subjects is altered by emotional intensity and emotional propensity. The optimism of construction enterprises inhibits their socially responsible practice, and the pessimism of the public promotes the probability of their negative strategy choice. Furthermore, moderate optimism is a safety valve for the public’s positive strategy choice. (3) The interaction of emotional states leads to a heterogeneity of strategy choices exhibited under different combinations of emotions, with the emotions of construction companies having a more dominant influence on strategy. Finally, we make some feasible recommendations for improving social responsibility practices and preventing mass incidents by boosting emotional monitoring and guidance for construction businesses and the general public. Overall, this study provides important information about how to be socially responsible, maintain good relationships with the public, and protect the environment.
Carbon Capture from Post-Combustion Flue Gas Using a State-Of-The-Art, Anti-Sublimation, Solid–Vapor Separation Unit
Authors: Ababneh Hani , AlNouss Ahmed , Al-Muhtaseb Shaheen A.
Published: November 2022

This work attempts to address the quest of removing carbon dioxide from flue gas streams to help preserve the environment. It is based on a model that is able to describe the solid-liquid-vapour and solid-vapour phase equilibria for the ternary system of N2-O2-CO2 at pressures from 5 to 130 bar and over a wide range of temperature (140 to 220 K). Furthermore, a corresponding state-of-the art solid-vapor (SV) CO2 capture/separation unit is developed and introduced in this work. The SV unit was modeled using the Aspen Custom Modeler software by implementing the thermodynamic model developed before. It was then simulated using the Aspen Plus simulator; its performance was studied and analyzed. Moreover, the performance of the unit was optimized and compared to the most conventional corresponding technology used by the industry (i.e., amine-scrubbing). Results proved that for the same output clean gas composition, which contains only 0.3% CO2, the developed state-of-the-art SV unit consumes almost half of the energy required by the conventional process. Other advantages of the novel SV separation unit include the lower requirement of capital equipment, no need of additional agents (such as solvents) and the avoidance of product contamination with such additional agents.
A Dynamic Principal Component Analysis and Fréchet-Distance-Based Algorithm for Fault Detection and Isolation in Industrial Processes
Authors: Tarcsay Bálint Levente , Bárkányi Ágnes , Chován Tibor , Németh Sándor
Published: November 2022

Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI) methodology focuses on maintaining safe and reliable operating conditions within industrial practices which is of crucial importance for the profitability of technologies. In this work, the development of an FDI algorithm based on the use of dynamic principal component analysis (DPCA) and the Fréchet distance δdF metric is explored. The three-tank benchmark problem is studied and utilized to demonstrate the performance of the FDI method for six fault types. A DPCA transformation for the system was established, and fault detection was conducted based on the Q statistic. Fault isolation is also of critical importance for proper intervention to mitigate fault effects. To identify the type of detected faults, the fault responses within the PC subspace were analyzed using the δdF metric. The use of the Fréchet distance metric for the isolation of faults combined with DPCA for feature extraction is a novel technique to the best of the authors’ knowledge that provides a robust computational tool with low computational cost for FDI purposes that fits well into the Industry 4.0 framework.The robustness and sensitivity of the method was validated for a wide variety of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions, with findings indicating a possible average false and missed alarm rate of 0.1 and a macro-averaged F-score above 0.8 in all cases.
Evaluation of the Gas Emissions during the Thermochemical Conversion of Eucalyptus Woodchips
Authors: Silva João , Castro Carlos , Teixeira Senhorinha , Teixeira José
Published: November 2022

The combustion of solid biomass in industrial boilers involves a sequence of processes that include heating, drying, devolatilization, and char conversion. To maintain a repeatable and fully controlled environment, and to monitor all the dynamics involved in the phenomena at a real scale, field-scale experiments become necessary to perform investigations. In this way, to evaluate different thermochemical conversion conditions of biomass particles under an oxidative atmosphere, and to quantify the emission of the main gas compounds continuously, a small-scale reactor was developed and presented in this paper. Hence, in this work, larger particles of eucalyptus are burned at 400 and 800 °C under different stoichiometric conditions to understand the differences between different biomass conversion regimes (gasification and combustion). The analysis of the mass loss at the different temperatures was characterized by only two different and consecutive stages for both thermochemical conditions. The first region does not present the influence on the air flow rate; however, there is a significant difference in the second region. This fact highlighted the importance of the diffusion of oxygen during the char conversion. Regarding the quantification of the gas compounds, an increase of around 3 times in the CO and CO2 emissions when gasification occurs was observed at 400 °C. However, at 800 °C, the same trend was verified, also verifying a considerable amount of CH4.
The Structure of Liquid and Glassy Carbamazepine
Authors: Benmore Chris J. , Edwards Angela , Alderman Oliver L. G. , Cherry Brian R. , Smith Pamela , Smith Daniel , Byrn Stephen , Weber Richard , Yarger Jeffery L.
Published: November 2022

To enhance the solubility of orally administered pharmaceuticals, liquid capsules or amorphous tablets are often preferred over crystalline drug products. However, little is known regarding the variation in bonding mechanisms between pharmaceutical molecules in their different disordered forms. In this study, liquid and melt-quenched glassy carbamazepine have been studied using high energy X-ray diffraction and modeled using Empirical Potential Structure Refinement. The results show significant structural differences between the liquid and glassy states. The liquid shows a wide range of structures; from isolated molecules, to aromatic ring correlations and NH-O hydrogen bonding. Upon quenching from the liquid to the glass the number of hydrogen bonds per molecule increases by ~50% at the expense of a ~30% decrease in the close contact (non-bonded) carbon-carbon interactions between aromatic rings. During the cooling process, there is an increase in both singly and doubly hydrogen-bonded adjacent molecules. Although hydrogen-bonded dimers found in the crystalline states persist in the glassy state, the absence of a crystalline lattice also allows small, hydrogen-bonded NH-O trimers and tetramers to form. This proposed model for the structure of glassy carbamazepine is consistent with the results from vibrational spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance.
Inversion and Interconversion: A Comparative Study on the Negative Dimension of Adorno’s Inverse Theology and Pre-Qin Daoist Thought
Authors: Tao Feng
Published: November 2022

Negativity is an important dimension in both Adorno’s inverse theology and the theological thought of pre-Qin Daoism. Firstly, both have a negative thinking and approach. Adorno inherited the Jewish idea of “forbidden images” and negative theology, and his negative dialectics is just a negative method. The pre-Qin Daoist description of the Dao and its laws are also negative. Secondly, in terms of negative language, Adorno insists on a negative discourse, arguing that concepts cannot fully express objects, and that the purpose of philosophy is to “express the inexpressible”. The pre-Qin Daoist idea of “no name” is also a negative discourse. Adorno and Zhuangzi both attempted to express truth in a non-conceptual language. Finally, negativity is the essence of social criticism and redemption. Both Adorno and the pre-Qin Daoists were in the midst of social collapse. Adorno argued that redemption could only be expected from an inner criticism of society and through the art of negativity. And the philosophy of Laozi and Zhuangzi was ultimately understood as the spirit of Chinese art. However, Adorno’s negativity contains the idea of intermediation, while the negativity of Laozi and Zhuangzi’s thought is based on the idea of interconversion. The ideas of the two can be informed by each other.
Enhancing Reproducibility and Replicability in Remote Sensing Deep Learning Research and Practice
Authors: Maxwell Aaron E. , Bester Michelle S. , Ramezan Christopher A.
Published: November 2022

Many issues can reduce the reproducibility and replicability of deep learning (DL) research and application in remote sensing, including the complexity and customizability of architectures, variable model training and assessment processes and practice, inability to fully control random components of the modeling workflow, data leakage, computational demands, and the inherent nature of the process, which is complex, difficult to perform systematically, and challenging to fully document. This communication discusses key issues associated with convolutional neural network (CNN)-based DL in remote sensing for undertaking semantic segmentation, object detection, and instance segmentation tasks and offers suggestions for best practices for enhancing reproducibility and replicability and the subsequent utility of research results, proposed workflows, and generated data. We also highlight lingering issues and challenges facing researchers as they attempt to improve the reproducibility and replicability of their experiments.
Monitoring Ecological Changes on a Rapidly Urbanizing Island Using a Remote Sensing-Based Ecological Index Produced Time Series
Authors: Lin Lili , Hao Zhenbang , Post Christopher J. , Mikhailova Elena A.
Published: November 2022

Island ecosystems are susceptible to the considerable impacts of increasing human activities, landscape reconstruction, and urban expansion, resulting in changes in the ecological environment and urban ecological security issues. Remote sensing techniques can achieve the near-real-time ecological environment monitoring of these rapidly changing areas. The remote sensing-based ecological index (RSEI), as a comprehensive remote sensing ecological environment index, was adopted to dynamically monitor urban ecological quality (EQ) over time in this study, combined with the Landsat-based detection of trends in disturbance and recovery (LandTrendr) algorithm. Annual composite images were generated using Landsat 5, Landsat 7, and Landsat 8 imagery to extract four metrics (Greenness, Moisture, Heat, and Dryness) to calculate RSEI from 1991 to 2021. The ecological quality in the study area was evaluated using a five-level classification (poor, inferior, medium, good, and excellent), and the changes in EQ on a pixel basis were identified by the LandTrendr algorithm. The results showed that (1) the average value of the RSEI ranged from 0.47 to 0.57 over 31 years, indicating that EQ was maintained at the medium level; (2) the distribution of different EQ levels had visible patterns, and an area of 47.87 km2 was affected by a poor EQ at least once in 31 years; (3) 38.22 km2 of this area experienced EQ poor disturbance once, and 3.05 km2 of the area had poor disturbance twice. Urban expansion, forest degradation, and policy are the main factors causing the reduction of the RSEI. The results demonstrate that combining time series of RSEI and LandTrendr can effectively monitor the changes of EQ, which is helpful to identify the spatial–temporal variation patterns of EQ and provide valuable information for policymakers and protection.
Research on Area of Uncertainty of Underwater Moving Target Based on Stochastic Maneuvering Motion Model
Authors: Ma Shasha , Wang Haiyan , Shen Xiaohong , Sun Zhenxin , Sun Ning
Published: November 2022

Considering the influence of measurement error on target state estimation, there is an uncertain dispersion region for target position estimate, that is, the area of uncertainty (AOU, area of uncertainty). In underwater target tracking, the state estimation is point estimation without AOU estimation and its accuracy is poor in the early stage because of large measurement errors. Fast tracking with higher accuracy and AOU estimation are of great significance to time-sensitive target tracking. To improve the state estimation accuracy in the early stage, and estimate the AOU, a method of AOU estimation of underwater moving target is presented based on a stochastic maneuvering motion (SMM, stochastic maneuvering motion) model. The stochastic maneuvering motion model is established based on the Langevin equation to reflect the movement characteristics of an underwater moving target. Then, the target state is estimated with a noise adaptive Kalman filter by constructing the measurement equation and state equation according to measurement error characteristic and stochastic maneuvering model. Based on the physical significance of the error covariance matrix from the Kalman filter, the parameters of AOU are deduced. Simulation results of underwater target tracking and AOU estimation are presented to demonstrate the relative performance of the proposed algorithm compared with the adaptive Kalman filter. It is clearly shown from the results that SMM tracking algorithm achieves higher accuracy of state estimation in the initial stage of tracking, and the predicted AOU is consistent with the actual distribution of underwater moving targets while yielding more concentrated distribution, which reveals that estimated AOU can be precisely represented by the confidence ellipses. The presented approach and obtained results may be useful in time-sensitive target threat analysis and weapon strike applications.
Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals by Suaeda salsa in the Tidal Flat of the Liaohe Estuary
Authors: Liu Quan , Yi Tongxin , Li Qiuyu , Ju Huiyun , Wei Haifeng
Published: November 2022

In order to explore the bioaccumulation of heavy metals by Suaeda salsa and its ecological restoration capacity in the tidal flat of the Liaohe estuary, the absorption and reduction effect of Suaeda salsa on heavy metals was determined via a combination of on-site monitoring and experimental tests. The results showed that, under a high-salt environment, Suaeda salsa had a decreasing effect on heavy metals zinc, copper and lead, and the bioaccumulation coefficient BCFSs–Zn > BCFSs–Cu > BCFSs–Pb. When the concentration of heavy metal ions was high, Suaeda salsa could still survive, but the absorptivity was low, reducing its ability to repair heavy metal pollution. By correlating the research data with the population density of Suaeda salsa, the total removal of heavy metals was obtained, about 2008.6 kg Zn2+, 347.5 kg Cu2+, 376.1 kg Pb2+. This paper could provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the promotion and application of ecological restoration via Suaeda salsa.
Tele-Exercise in Non-Hospitalized versus Hospitalized Post-COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Stavrou Vasileios T. , Astara Kyriaki , Ioannidis Pavlos , Vavougios George D. , Daniil Zoe , Gourgoulianis Konstantinos I.
Published: November 2022

The purpose of our study was to investigate the effect of tele-exercise (TE) performed for 4 consecutive weeks on fitness indicators in hospitalized post-COVID-19 patients versus non-hospitalized patients. Forty COVID-19 survivors were included, and divided into two groups: non-hospitalized versus hospitalized. Body composition, anthropometric characteristics, pulmonary function tests, single-breath diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide, 6-min walk tests (6MWT) and handgrip strength tests were recorded before and after a TE regimen (3 sessions per week, 60 min each session, warm-up and cool-down with mobility exercises, aerobic exercise such as walking outdoors, and multi-joint strength exercises). Following TE, the 6-min walk distance and handgrip were increased in both groups, with a greater observed response in the non-hospitalized group (6MWT: 32.9 ± 46.6% vs. 18.5 ± 14.3%, p < 0.001; handgrip: 15.9 ± 12.3% vs. 8.9 ± 7.6%, p < 0.001). Self-assessed dyspnea and leg fatigue were reduced in both groups, while a higher percentage of reduction was observed in the non-hospitalized group (dyspnea: 62.9 ± 42.5% vs. 37.5 ± 49.0%, p < 0.05; leg fatigue: 50.4 ± 42.2% vs. 31.7 ± 45.1%, p < 0.05). Post- vs. pre-TE arterial blood pressure decreased significantly in both groups, with the hospitalized group exhibiting more prominent reduction (p < 0.001). Both groups benefited from the TE program, and regardless of the severity of the disease the non-hospitalized group exhibited a potentially diminished adaptative response to exercise, compared to the hospitalized group.
Interplay of Workplace Sustainability, Sustainable Work Performance, Optimism, and Resilience: The Moderating Role of Green Creativity in Luxury Hotels
Authors: Bharti Teena , Ojha Satish Chandra , Tiwari Aviral Kumar
Published: November 2022

This research study validates the importance of addressing employees’ workplace sustainability through agentic traits such as optimism and green creativity, which motivate employees to perform and deliver in an organization. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 485 employees of various luxury hotels in India, applying PROCESS Macro to test the conceptual model, which was proposed for this purpose. The study’s findings add to and go beyond earlier research in the expanding field of workplace sustainability. Research in the field of sustainable goals is still in its infancy; however, through the establishment of various novel connections, this study contributes to our theoretical understanding of this area of study. Moreover, the paper outlines key managerial implications in helping comprehend how to build and maintain a positive outlook and inculcate creativity for sustainable work performance.
In the Eye of the Hurricane: Careers under Lockdown
Authors: Mouratidou Maria , Grabarski Mirit K.
Published: November 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has created career disruptions and shocks for many individuals, due to layoffs, reduced work hours and increased work–life conflict. Our study aimed to explore individual-level perceptions of people regarding their careers during the first lockdown in the UK, and to test potential implications of the situation for individuals’ career sustainability. For a deeper understanding of these perceptions, we used a sequential mixed-methods research design. First, we conducted a qualitative study, using semi-structured interviews to explore how people perceive their careers during early stages of the pandemic. We identified two themes that characterize the common experiences during this time period, namely employer support and careful optimism, that play an important role in the way careers unfold. Then, in the quantitative study, we conducted an online survey to empirically test a research model that links the concept of employer support with employability, career satisfaction and mental well-being. We also investigate the mediating role of career empowerment, which is a motivational cognitive construct that captures individual cognitions of agentic control over one’s career. Our research provides a rich snapshot that depicts people’s perceptions of careers during a shock event, which has both theoretical and practical implications.
Effect of Situation Kinematics on Drivers’ Rear-End Collision Avoidance Behaviour—A Combined Effect of Visual Looming, Speed, and Distance Analysis
Authors: Xue Qingwan , Ouyang Xijun , Zhao Yi , Guo Weiwei
Published: November 2022

Considering the large proportion of rear-end collisions occurring in our daily life and the severity it may lead to, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of situation kinematics on drivers’ rear-end collision avoidance behaviour after brake onset. A wide range of lead vehicle deceleration scenarios were designed based on driving simulator experiments to collect drivers’ deceleration behaviour data. Different from measures (e.g., speed, the lead vehicle’s deceleration et al.) often adopted in previous studies, a visual looming-based measure at different time points was calculated combined with analysis of speed and distance to quantify situation kinematics in this study. The Spearman’s nonparametric rank correlation test was firstly conducted to examine the correlation between visual looming-based metrics and related deceleration behaviour. The mixed model was performed on drivers’ brake jerk and maximum deceleration rate, while the logistic model was then performed to predict the probability of the occurrence of rear-end collisions. Spearman’s nonparametric test showed that both deceleration ramp-up and drivers’ maximum deceleration rate increase significantly as the looming traces increase faster. Results of the logistic model indicated that the probability of occurrence of a potential collision might be higher if the situation at the brake onset is quite urgent and braking is moderate. It was demonstrated that both drivers’ deceleration ramp-up and maximum deceleration rate could be highly kinematic-dependent, and visual looming, driving speed, and distance can be useful information for drivers to take relative deceleration actions.
Development of the Methodology for Pipe Burst Detection in Multi-Regional Water Supply Networks Using Sensor Network Maps and Deep Neural Networks
Authors: Kim Hyeong-Suk , Choi Dooyong , Yoo Do-Guen , Kim Kyoung-Pil
Published: November 2022

Multi-regional waterworks are large-scale facilities for supplying tap water to the public and industrial parks, and interruptions in the water supply due to leaks result in massive social and economic damages. Accordingly, real-time, around-the-clock accident monitoring is necessary to minimize secondary damage. In the present study, a section of a large-scale waterworks transmission mains system with frequent changes in its physical boundaries was defined for sensor network map-based deep learning input and output. A deep neural network (DNN)-based pressure prediction model, able to detect pipe burst accidents in real-time using short-term data collected over periods within 1 month, was developed. A sensor network map refers to a sensor-based hierarchy diagram, which is expressed using a hydraulically divided area. A hydraulically independent area can be determined using known value information (e.g., the known flow, pressure, and total head) in a complex water supply system. The input data used for the deep learning model training were: the water levels measured at 1 min intervals, flow rates, ambient pressure, pump operation state, and electric valve opening data. To verify the developed methodology, two sets of real-world data from past burst accidents in different multi-regional waterworks systems were used. The results showed that the difference between the pressure as measured by pressure meters and an estimated pressure was extremely small before an accident, and that the difference would reach a maximum at the time point when an accident occurs. It was confirmed that an approximate estimation of an accident occurrence and accident location could be estimated based on predicted pressure meter data. The developed methodology predicts a mutual influence between pressure meters and, therefore, has the advantage of not requiring past data covering long time periods. The proposed methodology can be applied immediately and used in currently operational large-scale water transmission main systems.
Entropy-Maximization-Based Customer Order Allocation of Clothing Production Enterprises in the Sharing Economy
Authors: Zheng Feifeng , Kang Chunle , Song Qinrui , Liu Ming
Published: November 2022

With the rapid development of the sharing economy, more and more platform operators apply the sharing concept in manufacturing, which increases the efficiency of assets utilization. Considering the apparel industry, clothing enterprises or manufacturers may share their excess orders between each other via a manufacturing cloud platform. Under the traditional production mode, manufacturers focus on processing their individual orders. There may be a coexistence of insufficient and surplus production capabilities. Some manufacturers cannot meet their customer demands due to limited capabilities and some orders have to be rejected, while some other manufacturers may have excess capacities with insufficient demands. It results in loss of revenue, and it is not conducive to maintaining a good customer relationship. In this paper, we consider a shared system with multiple manufacturers that produce homogeneous products, and the manufacturers in the shared system can share customer orders with each other. Once any manufacturer cannot fulfill all of its orders, the unsatisfied ones will be shared with other manufacturers that have surplus capacities with the aim of improving the balance of resource utilization and risk resistance of all manufacturers on the platform. The entropy maximization theory is mainly adopted to facilitate the formulation of the objective function. We apply a Taylor expansion to reformulate the objective function and construct a mixed-integer quadratic programming (MIQP) model. We employ off-the-shelf solvers to solve small-scale problems, and also propose a two-stage constructive heuristic algorithm to solve large-scale problems. Numerical experiments are conducted to demonstrate the efficiency of the algorithm.
Spatial–Temporal Evolution Characteristics and Economic Effects of China’s Cultural and Tourism Industries’ Collaborative Agglomeration
Authors: Chi Yihan , Fang Yongheng , Liu Jiamin
Published: November 2022

In this era of industrial integration, the synergistic energy given collaborative agglomerations of the culture and tourism industries is crucial for fulfilling the potential of the underlying resources. The cultural grasp of artistic depths when fully supported can transform the cultural experiences for tourists and participants alike. In this study, the theory of spatial economics is used to analyze the spatial coupling degree of the Chinese culture and tourism industries from 2010 to 2019, based on the coupling coordination degree model. A spatial correlation test model was used to analyze the spatial–temporal evolution characteristics of industrial collaborative agglomeration, and a spatial vector autoregression model and impulse response function was used to analyze the economic effects of industrial collaborative agglomeration. The results show: (1) A coupling and coordination relationship exists between Chinese culture and the tourism industries. This collaborative bond is in the initial stage. (2) The overall spatial correlation between these industries can potentially provide significant and positive relationships among several components of the community, tourist, and cultural spectrum. The local spatial correlation of culture and tourism industries in Eastern China is ranked the highest; the central region is in the middle. The western region ranks the lowest. (3) The collaborative synergy of the cultural and tourism industries has a nonlinear economic effect on economic development, while the impacts of different industrial collaborative groups have the potential to strengthen the Chinese economy from a more technological perspective. This study provides theoretical support and recommendations for promoting the coordinated development of Chinese culture and tourism industries, which can also serve as an example for other regions seeking a stronger relationship between their culture, economic growth of the region as a whole, and the tourism industries.
Challenges and Opportunities Post Pandemic of Organizational Ergonomics to Promote the Social Sustainability in Cultural and Creative Industries: A Critical Review and Future Research Agenda
Authors: Murillo-Aviña Gloria Janeth , Mellink-Méndez Sialia Karina , López-Leyva Josué Aarón , Ramos-García Víctor Manuel
Published: November 2022

As background, the COVID pandemic affected the competitiveness and sustainability of cultural and creative industries around the world. In particular, social sustainability must be promoted in a formal framework, namely, an organizational ergonomics framework. However, there are not enough results and findings in the literature in this regard. This article shows a critical review of the literature related to the problem mentioned, intending to determine the opportunities, challenges, and controvertible aspects that could support development of the cultural and creative industries. As result, the main challenges are (1) the lack of reference frameworks and informality, (2) comparative understaffing, and (3) the strengthening of the value and supply chains. The opportunities are (1) cultural and creative industries as a new key element of strategic development for regional competitiveness, (2) cohesion and social belonging, and (3) the diversity of cultural and creative expressions. Finally, regarding the application of organizational ergonomics in the cultural and creative Industries to promote social sustainability, the theoretical and practical implications, managerial implications, and future research lines are discussed. In addition, the limitations of the research are explained, clarifying that the results generated are not conclusive, but rather that they establish a starting point for research, development, and innovation (R + D + i) in support of the orange economy.
Multi-Objective Optimal Design and Operation of Heat Exchanger Networks with Controllability Consideration
Authors: Gu Siwen , Zhuang Xiuna , Li Chenying , Zhang Shuai , Wang Jiaan , Zhuang Yu
Published: November 2022

Controllability reflects the ease that a process can be controlled in practical operating environment. However, an unclear influence between the HEN synthesis and the control structure selection has been not investigated for the work of controllability of heat exchanger network (HEN). To address this challenge, this paper proposes a multi-objective optimization method by considering both the quantitative measures of economic and controllability, i.e., minimizing the total annual cost (TAC) and the relative gain array number (RGAn). This method is developed using a HEN synthesis procedure where a model-based superstructure is employed to involve the set of the network configuration alternatives and all the potential control structures. The effects of minimum approach temperature (ΔTmin) on the multi-objective optimization problem are investigated to distinguish the consistent and opposite variations of TAC and RGAn. The consistent change enables us to solve the single objective optimization problem for economical HEN design as well as for taking controllability into account. The opposite change prompts the Pareto front of the two objectives in order to develop a trade-off strategy. Results indicate that this method helps in the determination of the relationship-based nature between network configuration and control structure to yield a HEN design with economic and controllability considerations.
Investigation of Lean Production Knowledge among Employees in Building Inspection Organizations
Authors: Keleş Abdullah Emre , Yılmaz Hatice Kübra
Published: November 2022

Currently, lean construction has become very important, with lean manufacturing, a philosophy of production that in the most basic sense refers to the elimination of waste and tries to eliminate anything that does not add value to the product or service, emerging as a Japanese business pattern. The aim of this study was to determine the lean production knowledge among employees in building inspection organizations. To measure the level of awareness in construction inspection institutions, which are the leading entities in the construction sector, and the level of awareness on this issue, a survey was conducted through face-to-face meetings with engineering employees residing in Adana province. The results were converted into datasets in the appropriate Microsoft Excel format. With these datasets, the reliability level of the survey was measured using the SPSS program, and the data were analyzed using WEKA software. The study used association rule learning, a data mining method. According to the results, the number of employees who knew the definition of lean production was less than half, at 47%, while the number of those who knew about the concept of lean construction was 44%. The results obtained according to three different class labels were statistically interpreted, and it was determined that the employees lacked knowledge and sufficient awareness about the subject.
Yield Management—A Sustainable Tool for Airline E-Commerce: Dynamic Comparative Analysis of E-Ticket Prices for Romanian Full-Service Airline vs. Low-Cost Carriers
Authors: Gabor Manuela Rozalia , Kardos Mihaela , Oltean Flavia Dana
Published: November 2022

For many years, the air travel market has been one of the most regulated sectors in economy. The airline industry was fast-growing until the COVID pandemic. However, it is still a main business sector considered by economists and policymakers highly competitive. Air transport has specific features contributing to the final price of a travel ticket and differentiating airline companies. The aim of this paper is to analyze if the concept of yield management is applied by the Romanian national full-service airline TAROM and to highlight which criteria could be used for evaluating airline companies, the differences between a full-service carrier (FSC) and a low-cost carrier (LCC) model, and the types of pricing techniques used by airline companies, of which consumers could take advantage. The methodology is based on the dynamic pricing analysis by a continuous online simulation method for the Romanian full-service carrier and two low-cost carriers. The research results confirm that for the investigated companies, yield management involves strategic control of available resources meaning to sell the product to the right customer at the right time for the right price and thus fill in a gap in international research. Being extremely competitive and customer-oriented, airline companies serve as an example for other businesses in which yield management can be applied.