bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The New England Town Meeting
Authors: Zimmerman Joseph F.
Published: May 2024

In this groundbreaking study, Zimmerman explores the town meeting form of government in all New England states. This comprehensive work relies heavily upon surveys of town officers and citizens, interviews, and mastery of the scattered writing on the subject. Zimmerman finds that the stereotypes of the New England open town meeting advanced by its critics are a serious distortion of reality. He shows that voter superintendence of town affairs has proven to be effective, and there is no empirical evidence that thousands of small towns and cities with elected councils are governed better. Whereas the relatively small voter attendance suggests that interest groups can control town meetings, their influence has been offset effectively by the development of town advisory committees, particularly the finance committee and the planning board, which are effective counterbalances to pressure groups.

Zimmerman provides a new conception of town meeting democracy, positing that the meeting is a de facto representative legislative body with two safety valves—open access to all voters and the initiative to add articles to the warrant, and the calling of special meetings to reconsider decisions made at the preceding town meeting. And, as Zimmerman points out, a third safety valve—the protest referendum—can be adopted by a town meeting.
A New, Peculiar State
Authors: Graziosi Andrea
Published: May 2024

Using a variety of old and new archival sources to examine the emergence of the Soviet system (1917-1937), this combined approach offers chronologically coherent and original construction of some crucial stages and problems in Soviet history. The past two centuries have produced an extraordinary number of new states—more than 30 in 20th-century Europe alone. It is within this turbulent context that one must analyze the rise of the Soviet state, an entity that would prove fragile in the long run despite its all-powerful facade. An examination of the extreme features and peculiarities of the Soviet variant offers revealing insights into this exceptional historical process and contributes to a wider understanding of the European Forty Year War (1912-1953).

Graziosi devotes particular attention to Soviet solutions to the peasant and nationality problems, as well as to the pre-eminent role of ideology, the rise of personal despotism, and the unusual degree of penetration between state and economy. Using a variety of interpretations, he applies concepts from political, economic, and social history to the Soviet phenomenon without losing sight of its connections with more general European developments. The life of a Bolshevik leader is used to provide an overview of the whole period from six points of view: psychology, ideology, despotism, nationality, relations with the West, and economic building. Also, an analysis of industrialization based on the accounts of foreign workers who often met a tragic fate in the great purges contributes significantly to an assessment of the role that myth building played in the Stalinist repression of the Soviet working class.
Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm
Authors: Hutchison Kevin
Published: May 2024

[T]his book is a testament to America's crusade to protect, preserve, and perpetuate the values of democracy. From the foreword by Major General John H. Admire, USMC Highly recommended for academic and large public libraries Reference Books Bulletin
Organizational Downsizing, Discrimination, and Corporate Social Responsibility
Authors: Karake-Shalhoub Zeinab
Published: May 2024

Organizational restructuring and corporate downsizing can have a significant impact on the perceived social responsibility and responsiveness of any firm. This book analyzes the phenomenon by identifying the nature and types of structural or functional relationships that exist between downsizing and organizational performance variables, on the one hand, and organizational social responsiveness on the other. It looks at changes in the use of various restructuring techniques to improve efficiency and effectiveness and the effects of these changes on the organizational citizenship standing in the community. It goes on to add to the understanding of the general phenomenon of downsizing by examining its relationship to the level and pervasiveness of corporate social responsibility.

Karake-Shalhoub addresses three questions. First, is corporate downsizing related to improvement in organizational financial performance? Second, is there any relationship between downsizing and corporate social responsibility? Third, what is the nature of this relationship? The book will be attractive to management theory scholars, social responsibility and ethics researchers and practitioners, organizational development researchers and practitioners, and human resource scholars.
Painting without Permission
Authors: Rahn Janice
Published: May 2024

More than ever education students are required to study the social context of youth culture in order to understand and design meaningful, motivational curiculum. There is a need to bridge the gap between theory and practice and to address the critical issues which confront the education of youth today. In studying hip-hop graffiti, the author explores a crucial but neglected area in the contemporary training of youth workers and educators. The author interviewed ten hip-hop graffiti writers of various race, class, and gender by audiotape and reviewed them until patterns emerged as themes, mainly issues concerning public space and community. She continued her relationship with the participants over a five-year period to observe the diversity and transformation of individuals within graffiti culture. The study begins with a literature review from Web resources, books, and subculture magazines on graffiti in order to define The Structure of Traditional Hip-Hop Graffiti Culture. This chapter lays the basic foundation familiar to all writers and points to the main issues in order to analyze how individual writers conform to or deviate from the standard subculture. The author addresses the complex issues which are layered behind a residue of illegally painted signatures, characters, and text. There is a need for the voices of young people to be heard, especially those who have found artistic integrity, and awareness of civic and political issues on their own terms. Youth are in an ongoing struggle to construct personal identities and communities that they want to live in. Hip-hop graffiti is only one example where they have created a space, within a peer-run environment, to respect and encourage their political powers, ideas, and skills. The book asks whether an understanding of how adolescents learn outside of school can generate alternative sites for curriculum theorizing.
Poetry People
Authors: Vardell Sylvia M.
Published: May 2024

Dr. Sylvia Vardell's new children's poetry reference book provides a comprehensive introduction to more than 60 contemporary young people's poets. Focusing primarily on those who are still actively writing today, the author includes poets appropriate for young children through young adults. Each entry features brief biographical information, highlights selected poetry books authored, showcases awards won, notes related Web sites, and provides suggestions for making connections (programming ideas, related books and activities). The book is ideal for librarians who serve children and young adults, as well as for teachers and others who work with children and young adults. Beginning with Arnold Adoff the list of poets is both impressive and informative. A sample: Francisco Alarcon, Aileen Fisher, Douglas Florian, Nikki Giovanni, Kristine O'Connell George, Jane Yolen, Eloise Greenfield, John Ciardi and many more!
Pop Culture India!
Authors: Kasbekar Asha
Published: May 2024

The over-the-top musicals of Bollywood may be the most familiar aspect of Indian popular culture, but there are many more, all explored in this fascinating volume.

Pop Culture India! Media, Arts, and Lifestylefollows the rise of modern India's pop culture world, especially since the 1980s, when relaxed censorship and economic liberalization led to an explosion in movies, music, mass media, consumerism, spiritual practices, and more. It is a captivating introduction to a diverse nation whose appetite for entertainment has led to some surprising twists and turns in recent history.

How did a popular Indian television series spark a change in government and the rise of Hindu nationalism? Are some Bollywood film companies laundering money for organized crime, or even al Qaeda? What accounts for the overwhelming popularity of that quaint vestige of colonialism, cricket? The answers, and many more intriguing insights, await the reader inPop Culture India!
Postmodern Hollywood
Authors: Booker M.  Keith
Published: May 2024

Postmodernism is essential to American culture today. We can see its manifestations on billboards and on television; we can hear its tone on the radio and in everyday conversation; and we can even sense its outlook in how we live our lives. This volume presents an accessible and brief summary of postmodernism, especially as it pertains to American cinema-one of the central players and leading lights in the development of this cultural attitude. Four distinct sections investigate postmodernist fragmentation, musical use, and pastiches of previous television shows and cinematic genres in such films as Quentin Tarantino'sPulp Fiction, David Lynch'sMulholland Drive, and Sofia Coppola'sMarie Antoinette.

Discussions of the phenomenon of postmodernism have established certain characteristics that are typical of postmodernist culture. These characteristics include formal fragmentation, a tendency toward a particular kind of nostalgia, and the use of materials and styles borrowed from previous films and other cultural products. This volume presents a brief summary of the characteristics that have typically been associated with postmodernism, especially as they pertain to film. It illustrates those characteristics with discussions of a wide variety of American films of the past thirty years, noting how those films participate in the phenomenon of postmodernism. Emphasis is on popular, commercial films, rather than the more esoteric, experimental products that have sometimes been associated with postmodern film.

Booker's work contains detailed discussions of a wide variety of American films—including classics likeSullivan's TravelsandThe Last Picture Show, and recent successes such asScream, Natural Born Killers, Memento, Moulin Rouge, andFight Club—noting how these films participate in the phenomenon of postmodernism, and how they have helped to shape its current form.
Powers Reserved for the People and the States
Authors: McAffee Thomas B. , Bybee Jay S. , Bryant A.  Christo
Published: May 2024

American judges and legal scholars have long misunderstood the intended meaning of the Ninth Amendment and its relationship to the Tenth. Because of misinterpretation, the Ninth and Tenth Amendments have not been used to fulfill their original purposes. The limited and unlimited powers of the federal government have been shaped greatly by that error. In this book the authors clarify the actual meaning of the Ninth Amendment and its connection to the Tenth Amendment in order to provide a clear understanding of the full potential of the two amendments. Historical and contemporary details are included to provide an appreciation of the intended purpose of the amendments.
Practical Evaluation Techniques for Librarians
Authors: Applegate Rachel
Published: May 2024

Evaluation is essential to library management: it provides the data that underlies informed and effective decision-making. This book is a one-volume, how-to guide to library evaluation techniques, planning, and reporting.

Library professionals—regardless of whether they operate in a school, public, or academic library setting—need to have effective evaluation skills in order to be accountable to stakeholders and to effect informed improvement.Practical Evaluation Techniques for Librariansprovides information and guidance that is highly useful and accessible for all librarians looking to intelligently manage the strengths and weaknesses of their library as well as communicate its value to its stakeholders.

Rather than focusing on data-gathering methods appropriate for researchers, the book concentrates on data collection at the local level that enables informed managerial decision-making. It describes and compares techniques that can be used with any level or type of resource—staffing, software, and expertise, for example—in any size library. Author Rachel Applegate makes it clear that accountability is everywhere and imperative, and any librarian can learn the simple techniques to benefit from evaluation.
Determination of Left Main Coronary Artery Luminal Area Using CT Angiography in Individuals with Un-Obstructive Coronary Arteries
Authors: Aziz Zohair , Shahzad Syed Khurram , Rehman Fahd Ur , Khan Ismail Ahmed , Khawaja Asma Zafar , Shafique Hafiz Muhammad , Siddiqui Abdul Hameed , Khan Zahoor Aslam
Published: May 2024

Objective: To assess the Minimal Luminal Area of the left main coronary artery in cardiac patients having un-obstructed coronary arteries.
Study Design: Analytical, Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology/National Institute of Heart Diseases Rawalpindi Pakistan, from April-Sep 2023.
Methodology: Total eighty six individuals with low risk pre-test probability for Coronary artery disease (via CAD consortium calculator) underwent a CT angiogram and their Left Main Coronary Artery Minimal Luminal Area was calculated using dedicated software over a 2-month period. Approval from the Ethical Review Board was sought. Sampling was done by using non-probability consecutive sampling. Student t-test was applied to find the mean difference of LM-MLA between factors such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, gender, and smoking status with Minimal Luminal Area. Pearson correlation was applied to find correlation between Left Main Coronary Artery Minimal Luminal with age, BMI, BSA, and LV-mass. p<0.05 was taken as statistically significant.
Results: Out of total n=86 individuals, 67(77.9%) were males and 19(22.1%) were females with average age of 45.78±11.40 years. The mean Minimal Luminal Area of study sample was 12.07±4.17mm2 with males having a mean Minimal Luminal Area of 12.79±4.31mm2 and females having a mean MLA of 9.50±2.26mm2. It was noted that an increased LV mass leads to an increase in LM-MLA (r=0.579, p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Variety of factors influence the Left Main Coronary Artery Minimal Luminal which means local guidelines would have to be set up to dictate treatment threshold in patients with  ...
Перспективи розвитку необанків в Україні (на прикладі Monobank)
Authors: Дорошенко Ігор
Published: May 2024

Обґрунтовано актуальність розвитку необанків в Україні. Розглянуто основні напрями цифровізації банківських продуктів на прикладі Monobank. Окреслено основні перспективи розвитку необанків в Україні з урахуванням досвіду Monobank.
Müasir təhsil mühitində yeni qiymətləndirmə texnologiyalarinin əhəmiyyəti
Authors: Səfərova Humay Dilman
Published: May 2024

Azərbaycan təhsilinin son illər davamlı inkişafı, dünyanın aparıcı ölkələrinin təhsil sahəsində əldə etdikləri təcrübəsinin öyrənilərək təhsilimizə tətbiqi, bu sahədə qazanılan nailiyyətlərin hər bir ölkə vətəndaşının sevinclə qarşıladığı ən mühüm hadisələrdən biridir desək, bizcə yanılmarıq. Ölkəmizdə təhsil sahəsində aparılan islahatların, əsaslı dəyişikliklərin, həyata keçirilən yeniliklərin bir məqsədi, amalı var: təhsilin keyfiyyətinin yüksəldilməsi, dünyanın inkişaf etmiş ölkələrinin qəbul edəcəyi mütərəqqi və mükəmməl bir təhsil sisteminin yaradılması. Artıq bu sahədə bir neçə mühüm addım atılmaqdadır. Təhsil tariximizdə ilk dəfə olaraq həyata keçirilən yeni qiymətləndirmə sistemi də təhsil sahəsində tətbiq edilən yeniliklərdən biridir. Yeni qiymətləndirmə çox geniş və əhatəli bir proses olmaqla təhsil sahəsində bütün fəaliyyətlərin “Azərbaycan Respublikasının ümumi təhsil pilləsinin dövlət standartı və proqramları” sənədində müəyyən olunmuş tələblər istiqamətində təkmilləşdirməsinə və bununla da təhsilin keyfiyyətinin yüksəldilməsinə təkan verir.
Ukraine and the European Union: political communication during war
Authors: Hurytska Mariia , Shmyha Yuliia
Published: May 2024

The study delves into the realm of political communication between Ukraine and the European Union. This is a pressing matter given that collaboration between the two entities has become pivotal for both sides. Ukraine and the EU are embarking on a new phase of cooperation, necessitating an understanding of the nuances of political communication amidst times of conflict. This research aims to dissect the methods and strategies of communication employed by Ukraine and the EU in the midst of military events. It seeks to evaluate the efficacy and outcomes of such communication endeavors, along with their influence on shaping public opinion and fostering international cooperation.
Ecologically friendly water-based polyuretnanes materials
Authors: Savelyev Yuri , Robota Lyudmila , Brykova Alexandra
Published: May 2024

Environmentally friendly and economically feasible materials for multipurpose purposes on the basis of waterborn polyuretnanes with using naturally renewable and available raw materials as fragments of the polymer’s macrochain and structure, combining this with using advantages of are created.
Prospects for integrating ai into inclusion for people with visual impairments
Authors: Tarasov Nikita , Khamula Orest
Published: May 2024

The use of artificial intelligence has the potential to address the inclusion challenges of people with visual impairments, resulting in greater inclusion and accessibility in all areas of their lives. Vision loss, which can occur for a variety of reasons, has a significant impact on people's daily lives. Although today's assistive technologies are effective, there are also limitations that prevent them from being fully effective. The purpose of this article is to explore the integration of artificial intelligence, as well as its prospects and potential for improving the inclusion and accessibility of people with visual impairments. Examining the current state of inclusion and AI-based technologies designed to improve accessibility and inclusion, it is important to understand how such innovations can improve the quality of life of people with visual impairments. But the use of artificial intelligence in this topic raises topics such as ethical issues that should be considered. Understanding the technical challenges involved in integrating artificial intelligence into inclusion for people with visual impairments and developing solutions to overcome these barriers are key to the successful adoption of these technologies. In addition, research into the potential impact of artificial intelligence on inclusivity and accessibility will demonstrate the potential of using artificial intelligence to increase the autonomy of people with visual impairments. The purpose of this article is to contribute to existing research by providing information on the potential of artificial intelligence to facilitate engagement and accessibility of visually impaired people.
Exploring Interest Group Social Media Activity on Facebook and Twitter
Authors: Macdonald Maggie , Gunderson Anna , Widner Kirsten
Published: May 2024

This article investigates how American interest groups' social media activity differs across Facebook and Twitter using a dataset of nearly 13 million posts from 1,500 organizations from 2016 to 2020. We find that interest groups use the two platforms differently. Groups are more likely to use Facebook for organizational maintenance and are more politically- and policy-focused on Twitter. Among groups, their type matters. Citizens' groups and unions are the most active users and get the most attention from others, while business groups are the least active and engaged with. We also highlight engagement between elected officials and interest groups on these platforms. This article encourages scholars to think critically about how the distinct audiences and affordances of Facebook and Twitter may provide different types of opportunities for interest groups — and other political actors — to reach social media users. This is especially important given the growth of social media and its potential to be a transformative tool for substantive policy change.
Hubungan Pola Komunikasi Penyuluh Pertanian Lapangan (PPL) dan Efektivitas Kelompok Tani Di Kecamatan Tanjung Raja Kabupaten Lampung Utara
Authors: Arlia Nurfa Mita , Yanfika Helvi , Hassanudin Tubagus , Nikmatullah Dewangga
Published: May 2024

Kegiatan penyuluhan pertanian merupakan upaya untuk dapat mengubah sikap, pengetahuan, dan perilaku petani. Pengembangan kemampuan petani dapat dilakukan melalui komunikasi yang efektif terhadap kelompok tani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola komunikasi yang dilakukan oleh Penyuluh Pertanian Lapangan (PPL) dan menganalisis hubungan antara pola komunikasi PPL dan efektivitas kelompok tani. Data pada penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif dan analisis korelasi dengan metode Rank Kendall’s-tau. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa PPL di Kecamatan Tanjung Raja Kabupaten Lampung Utara menerapkan komunikasi dengan pola satu arah, dua arah dan multi arah. Pola komunikasi dua arah merupakan pola yang paling efektif diantara PPL dan kelompok tani di Kecamatan Tanjung Raja Kabupaten Lampung Utara. Hasil pengujian hipotesis rank Kendall’s-tau menunjukkan terdapat hubungan nyata antara pola komunikasi yang dilakukan oleh PPL dengan efektivitas kelompok tani di Kecamatan Tanjung Raja Kabupaten Lampung Utara. Efektivitas kelompok tani dan komunikasi penyuluh memiliki hubungan yang erat dan saling mempengaruhi. Implikasi dari temuan ini adalah pola komunikasi dua arah dan multi arah yang didukung dengan peningkatan frekuensi dan intensitas penyuluhan menjadi kunci dalam mencapai efektivitas kelompoktani.
Strategi Peningkatan Regenerasi Petani pada Usahatani Sayuran Dataran Tinggi
Authors: Putri Hermawati Anneke , Musyarofah Neni , Haryanto Yoyon , Kusuma Wardani Intan , Bhirawa Anoraga Satria
Published: May 2024

Rendahnya minat generasi muda pada usahatani menyebabkan rendahnya regenerasi petani, sehingga dikhawatirkan akan mengancam keberlanjutan usahatani. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) mendeskripsikan minat generasi muda pada usahatani sayuran dataran tinggi, (2) mendeskripsikan tingkat regenerasi petani melalui penumbuhan minat generasi muda pada usahatani sayuran dataran tinggi, (3) menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi regenerasi petani melalui penumbuhan minat generasi muda pada usahatani sayuran dataran tinggi, (4) merumuskan rekomendasi strategi peningkatan regenerasi petani melalui penumbuhan minat generasi muda pada usahatani sayuran dataran tinggi. Penelitian dilaksanakan April sampai dengan Juni 2023 di Kecamatan Lembang Kabupaten Bandung Barat. Populasi ditentukan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, sehingga didapat sampel berjumlah 96 orang yang mewakili dari 2.284 jumlah populasi menggunakan rumus slovin. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara, kuesioner dan studi literatur. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif, dan analisis jalur (path analysis), serta formulasi hasil kedua analisis untuk merumuskan strategi peningkatan regenerasi petani melalui penumbuhan minat generasi muda pada usahatani sayuran dataran tinggi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa minat generasi muda pada usahatani sayuran dataran tinggi termasuk ke dalam kategori sedang sebesar 74,27%, regenerasi petani pada usahatani sayuran dataran tinggi termasuk ke dalam kategori sedang sebesar 75,03%. Faktor internal, akses informasi dan minat generasi muda secara nyata mempengaruhi regenerasi petani. Strategi peningkatan regenerasi petani pada usahatani sayuran dataran tinggi dilakukan dengan meningkatkan minat generasi muda, meningkatkan akses informasi dan pengetahuan, keterampilan dan motivasi. Hal ini diharapkan mengatasi permasalahan rendahnya regenerasi petani.
ANÁLISE DAS CARACTERÍSTICAS FÍSICAS DE ELEGIBILIDADE E DO DESEMPENHO NO TIRO PARADESPORTIVO: UMA REVISÃO NARRATIVA DA LITERATURA
Authors: Mendes Clayton de Oliveira , Oliveira Rafael Miranda , Ferreira Samuel Nunes , Cavalli Luis Fernando Sper
Published: May 2024

Introdução: O tiro paradesportivo é uma modalidade oriunda do tiro olímpico cujo a prática se condiciona a uma série de caracteristicas físicas determinantes à elegibilidade e ao desempenho. Objetivo: Revisar a literatura científica sobre as características físicas relacionadas à elegibilidade e ao desempenho tiro paradesportivo. Revisão Bibliográfica: A literatura demonstra que são características físicas necessárias para a prática do tiro paradesportivo as deficiências que contemplam potência muscular prejudicada, deficiência de membro, hipertonia, ataxia, atetose, amplitude passiva de movimento prejudicada e diferença de comprimento das pernas, sendo elencadas como características físicas determinantes aos resultados aquelas nomeadas de perfil antropométrico, força muscular, equilíbrio e resistência cardiorrespiratória. Conclusão: Os avaliadores e treinadores devem voltar atenções às características físicas relacionadas à elegibilidade e ao desempenho para a implementação de processos avaliativos e programas de treinamento do tiro paradesportivo.
Combining low and high frequency microwave radiometer measurements from the MOSAiC expedition for enhanced water vapour products
Authors: Walbröl Andreas , Griesche Hannes J. , Mech Mario , Crewell Susanne , Ebell Kerstin
Published: May 2024

Abstract. In the central Arctic, high quality water vapour observations are sparse due to the low density of meteorological stations and uncertainties in satellite remote sensing. Different reanalyses also disagree on the amount of water vapour in the central Arctic. The Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of the Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) expedition provides comprehensive observations that are suitable for evaluating satellite products and reanalyses. Radiosonde observations provide high quality water vapour estimates with a high vertical but a low temporal resolution. Observations from the microwave radiometers (MWRs) onboard the research vessel Polarstern complement these observations through high temporal resolution. In this study, we demonstrate the high accuracy of the combination of the two MWRs HATPRO (Humidity and Temperature Profiler) and MiRAC-P (Microwave Radiometer for Arctic Clouds – Passive). For this purpose, we developed new retrievals of integrated water vapour (IWV) and profiles of specific humidity and temperature using a Neural Network approach, including observations from both HATPRO and MiRAC-P to utilize their different water vapour sensitivity. The retrievals were trained with ERA5 data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and synthetic MWR observations simulated with the Passive and Active Microwave radiative TRAnsfer tool (PAMTRA). We applied the retrievals on the synthetic and real observations and evaluated them with ERA5 and radiosondes launched during MOSAiC, respectively. To assess the benefit of the combination of HATPRO and MiRAC-P compared to single MWR retrievals, we compared the errors with respect to MOSAiC radiosondes and computed the vertical information content of the specific humidity profiles. The root mean squared error (RMSE) of IWV was reduced by up to 15 %. Specific humidity biases and RMSE were reduced by up to 75 and 50 %, respectively. The vertical information content of specific humidity could be increased from 1.7 to 2.4 degrees of freedom. We also computed relative humidity from the retrieved temperature and specific humidity profiles and found that RMSE was reduced from 45 to 15 %. Finally, we show a case study demonstrating the enhanced humidity profiling capabilities compared to the standard HATPRO based retrievals. The vertical resolution of the retrieved specific humidity profiles is still low compared to radiosondes but the case study revealed the potential to resolve major humidity inversions. To which degree the MWR combination detects humidity inversions, also compared to satellites and reanalyses, will be part of future work.
ARMTRAJ: A Set of Multi-Purpose Trajectory Datasets Augmenting the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) User Facility Measurements
Authors: Silber Israel , Comstock Jennifer M. , Kieburtz Michael R. , Russell Lynn M.
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Ground-based instruments offer unique capabilities such as detailed atmospheric thermodynamic, cloud, and aerosol profiling at a high temporal sampling rate. The U.S. Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) user facility provides comprehensive datasets from key locations around the globe, facilitating long-term characterization and process-level understanding of clouds, aerosol, and aerosol-cloud interactions. However, as with other ground-based datasets, the fixed (Eulerian) nature of these measurements often introduces a knowledge gap in relating those observations with airmass hysteresis. Here, we describe ARMTRAJ, a set of multi-purpose trajectory datasets that helps close this gap in ARM deployments. Each dataset targets a different aspect of atmospheric research, including the analysis of surface, planetary boundary layer, distinct liquid-bearing cloud layers, and (primary) cloud decks. Trajectories are calculated using the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model informed by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts ERA5 reanalysis dataset at its highest spatial resolution (0.25 degrees) and are initialized using ARM datasets. The trajectory datasets include information about airmass coordinates and state variables extracted from ERA5 before and after the ARM site overpass. Ensemble runs generated for each model initialization enhance trajectory consistency, while ensemble variability serves as a valuable uncertainty metric for those reported airmass coordinates and state variables. Following the description of dataset processing and structure, we demonstrate applications of ARMTRAJ to a case study and a few bulk analyses of observations collected during ARM’s Eastern Pacific Cloud Aerosol Precipitation Experiment (EPCAPE) field deployment. ARMTRAJ is expected to become a near real-time product accompanying new ARM deployments and an augmenting product to ongoing and previous deployments, promoting reaching science goals of research relying on ARM observations.
IMUV: A Digital Twin for Mediation to Discover and Exchange on Territories
Authors: Livebardon Mathieu , Machado Valentin , Samuel John , Chanfray Didier , Toussaint Jean-Yves , Gesquiere Gilles
Published: May 2024

Abstract. Urban digital twins are becoming increasingly popular across various domains, including urban planning and studies of cultural heritage. However, current digital twins lack an important aspect compared to their physical counterparts: the ability to exchange, discuss, and mediate in a dedicated location around a specific object. We require a place where we can exchange with experts, similar to what we can do on a university campus, and support participative science. In this article, we propose IMUV, a flying campus integrated with the urban digital twin. IMUV not only supports 3D urban visualization but also provides an online space where users can exchange and collaborate in both the real-world and online environments. We describe the conception, development, and evaluation of the proposed platform, highlighting its potential to bridge the gap between physical and virtual urban environments and facilitate collaborative decision-making processes. With the evolution of modes of working, such as remote work, we are also studying how online spaces can go beyond simple video conferencing. This article presents a proof-of-concept that can serve as a basis for such studies.
Dynamic Geospatial Data Integration: A Case Study of Moving Objects in Munakata City, Japan Using OGC API Moving Features and Sensorthings API
Authors: Santhanavanich Thunyathep , Padsala Rushikesh , Betz Matthias , Coors Volker
Published: May 2024

Abstract. The effective tracking and analysis of moving objects within urban environments presents a complex challenge that necessitates robust geospatial data integration. Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) APIs offer standardized approaches to managing dynamic geospatial information. This paper presents a case study of real-time moving object tracking including buses and trains in the city of Munakata, Japan, utilizing two prominent OGC APIs: OGC API Moving Features and OGC SensorThings API. The study explores the implementation of both APIs, examining their strengths and limitations in handling real-time location updates and associated sensor data generated by moving buses. The research provides insights into the practical suitability of each API model for dynamic object tracking, offering valuable guidance for practitioners seeking to optimize geospatial data integration within smart cities and intelligent transportation systems.
Evolutionary Computing for Multi-Objective Sustainable Urban Spatial Planning
Authors: Barr Stuart , Dawson Richard
Published: May 2024

Abstract. The processes of urbanisation and climate change are necessitating the transformation of cities towards sustainable cities that are robustly adapted to natural hazards, while simultaneously reducing energy and resource usage to mitigate further climatic change. Frequently such objectives conflict with each other, negatively affecting sustainability as a whole. For example, urban intensification with the intention of lowering transport energy costs has been found to exacerbate urban heat islands, increase flood risk and lead to poor health outcomes. This paper presents the use of an evolutionary computing spatial optimisation framework as one method by which multiple positively and negatively correlated sustainability objectives can be evaluated in time and space to assist urban planning. A coupled genetic algorithm and pareto optimisation approach is used to evaluate spatial configurations of future development against sustainability objectives (e.g., reduced heat risk, minimal flood risk, brown field development, optimal mobility). The developed approach is evaluated in a Greater London Authority (GLA) case study that simulates future urban development patterns that satisfy projected population growth whilst being sensitive to climate induced hazards and current planning policies. The spatial optimization framework developed significantly improves upon the existing urban development plan with the Pareto-front found to be 35% better than the proposed spatial plan for London. However, trade-offs between objectives were found to exist, most notably it was not possible to achieve a pairwise optimization between heat and flood risk and urban sprawl and heat risk.
Turbine Repositioning Technique for Layout Economics (TRTLE) in Floating OffshoreWind Farms – Humboldt Case Study
Authors: Alkarem Yuksel Rudy , Huguenard Kimberly , Kimball Richard , Hallowell Spencer , Verma Amrit , Bachynski-Polić Erin , Nejad Amir
Published: May 2024

Abstract. This study investigates the farm-level effects of designing a uniform turbine repositioning (TR)-enabling mooring system on the efficiency and economics of a floating wind farm at the south-west Humboldt wind energy area, characterized by its deep waters. Four layout concepts with possibility for shared anchors are investigated. These concepts vary in terms of number of mooring lines per wind turbine. The 2-line configuration allows the platforms to have large excursions around their undisplaced positions when the system is loaded compared to a typical 3-line and 4-line configurations. The relative displacements of the wind turbines as a function of varying wind speeds and directions and their subsequent impacts on wake losses are studied. When allowing TR, wake effects can be reduced. Annual energy production increases of up to 1.3 % are achieved. Furthermore, through strategic farm-level management of mooring orientations for the 2-line setup, the proposed design achieves 50 % and 31 % reduction in anchor count and total mooring length, respectively, for the tetragonal design, compared to a conventional baseline design. The hexagonal design reaches 20 % and 27 % reductions of these quantities. A preliminary cost analysis shows a 27 % cost reduction compared to the baseline mooring system, giving a financial window for increasing reliability to the mooring system.
Pengelolaan Limbah Sampah Plastik dengan Menggunakan Metode Ecobrick di Desa Cikakak
Authors: Siti Septia Aprilia
Published: May 2024

Ecobrick adalah botol plastik padat yang mengandung sampah non-biologis dan dapat digunakan untuk membuat kerajinan tangan dan bahan bangunan. Sebuah teknologi kolaboratif yang disebut Ecobrick dapat membantu mengatasi masalah sampah plastik tanpa mengeluarkan biaya yang besar. Pendekatan ini menawarkan cara baru untuk menangani sampah plastik, yang sulit diuraikan oleh alam. Metode yang dilakukan menggunakan metodologi kualitatif dan teknik observasi, serta sesi pembelajaran pembuatan ecobrick dengan pendekatan 3R yaitu Reduce, Reuse, dan Recycle Hasil dari sosialisasi dan praktek tentang meminimalisir sampah plastik dengan metode Ecobrick, mahasiswa dan siswa SD Neglasari dan SD Gagog berhasil membuat meja dan gapura yang bermanfaat dan estetik
Through Silence She Speaks: The Rearticulation of the Female Voice in King Lear
Authors: Guerrini-Maraldi Larissa
Published: May 2024

This essay explores the minimal dialogue and voice of Cordelia in relation to feminine resistance and rearticulation through silence and the female body. I will investigate the methods through which Cordelia is silenced and restricted by the central male patriarchal authority figure, her father Lear. Her death will function as a key point of examination, as it is through this silence that Lear is unable to impose his language onto her voice, and is instead situated in her position of voicelessness. This essay aims to demonstrate how Cordelia forms an alternative mode of communication, one that is difficult to interpret for the patriarchal ear and therefore challenging or impossible to control. She becomes valuable, even becoming the lynchpin of the play, in imparting one of the central themes of the text; that human beings should mean and feel what they say rather than rely on false, flattering dialogue.
SHAH MOHAMMED REZA PAHLAVI AND AYATOLLAH KHOMEINI: IN LIGHT OF SHI'I HISTORY
Authors: Mubina Narjis, Prof. Dr. Abdul Rashid Khan
Published: May 2024

The Iranian Revolution talks about to happenings involving the rebellion of the Pahlavi dynasty under Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, who was held up by the United States, and its subsequent removal with an Islamic Revolution of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, who was helped by various leftist and Islamist organizations and Iranian student movements. The Iranian Revolution was a mainstream, nationalist and Shi’a Islamic revolution that ousted an autocratic kingdom with a theocracy built on “Guardianship of the Islamic Jurists” (or velayat-e faqih). This research goes to light the relationship between Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi and Ayatollah Khomeini in Iran, in the context of Shi'i history. This research paper hypothesizes three types of human relationships which are grounded on, the exchange system, the integrative system, and the threat system. Reza Khan (the father of Mohammed Reza Pahlavi) had established it through a military coup d'etat in 1921; the threat system looked to lead in Iran throughout the Pahlavi rule which was finished in December, 1979 by Ayatollah Khomeini. Under threat system, detachment and legality occur as major variables. Actions, events, writings, and vocalizations of main community figures are engaged to establish the inequality between intent and outcome of the Shah's policies, and between world views and consequent activities of the Shah and Khomeini. This paper also argues the nature of the rule of Mohammed Reza Pahlavi, and into the role of Ayatollah Khomeini as voice of the opposition, charismatic leader, and as "prince" who legitimates his own threat system.
THE RISE OF POPULIST PHENOMENON IN INDIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR INDIA`S RELATION WITH PAKISTAN AND CHINA
Authors: Zaid Bin Inam
Published: May 2024

This study endeavors to qualitatively analyze the surge of populism in India through an interpretative paradigm in order to contextualize the phenomenon with respect to non-western settings. It is imperative to operationalize the western originated concept of populism in India to analytical understand its causes and effects. The trans-continental phenomenon of populism manifest itself in India due to the economic and political factors that are played at discursive level by the political leaders. The preferred medium used by the populists is digital media as compared to the mainstream media due to the former`s less constraints on content moderation and control. The populist government in India derive legitimacy of their legislative actions based on self-other dialect. Therefore, populism in India would have implications for Pakistan and China. The contentious and Hobbesian nature of anarchy based on constructed binary identities, grounded on nationalism and civilizational perspective, makes the region prone to intractable instability. The undecided territorial and border disputes of India with Pakistan and China, along with the Kashmir issue, would makes it difficult to develop a pragmatic policy options to achieve regional stability and peace.
LEGAL FOUNDATIONS OF INTERGENERATIONAL EQUITY: AN ISLAMIC APPROACH TO ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE
Authors: ,Mr. Arshad Nawaz Khan Ms. Parveen Gul, Dr. Bahadar Ali
Published: May 2024

This research paper explores a strong ethical basis of Islam for intergenerational environmental justice and highlights how the present generations protect the world for the benefit of future generation. It also examines, through an in-depth examination of Quranic verses and Hadiths, that how Islam provides a comprehensive framework for sustainable environmental practices with a special focus on connection between the teachings of Islam and want for intergenerational justice in environmental stewardship.
NEW SAUDI IRAN NEXUS: PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES FOR PAKISTAN
Authors: Hamid Hussain, Ali Bogheiry, Syed Fassi Ali
Published: May 2024

Diplomatic relations between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the Islamic Republic of Iran were severed in 2016. This is the result of the two nations' rapprochement, mediated by China. The two nations have committed to resolving the issues that divide both of them. Pakistan shares strong ties with Saudi Arabia and Iran. Given their proximity to each other and as neighbors, Saudi Arabia and Iran are frequently discussed in Pakistan's domestic and international policy discourses. The recent reconciliation between Saudi Arabia and Iran may signal a dramatic shift in the regional balance of power and have far-reaching effects on Pakistan both positively and negatively. Furthermore, Pakistan has praised the restoration of diplomatic relations between Iran and Saudi Arabia as a noteworthy achievement and has welcomed the pact as a step towards regional peace and stability. In addition to maintaining balanced diplomatic ties with both Iran and Saudi Arabia without feeling pressure to choose a side or mediate a dispute between them, Pakistan can gain from increased economic collaboration with both countries, especially by participating in the projects and initiatives spearheaded by China. The accord has been praised by Pakistan as a positive step towards regional stability and peace. However, Pakistan has both chances and challenges as a result of the new Saudi-Iranian alliance. On the one hand, the warming relations between Saudi Arabia and Iran may contribute to lowering regional tensions and open up new opportunities for collaboration between neighboring nations. Conceptually it can also result in more rivalry between China and the US for influence in Pakistan and the surrounding area. This study is to investigate Pakistan's opportunities and difficulties in light of the emerging Saudi-Iranian relationship.
THE IMPACT OF THE US-CHINA-RUSSIA RIVALRY ON THE ARCHITECTURE OF INTERNATIONAL SECURITY AT THE GLOBAL AND REGIONAL LEVELS
Authors: Dr. Suwaibah Qadri
Published: May 2024

In the altering global political landscape, paradigm shifts in power balance always have repercussions on the established international order. In this regard, it has been witnessed in recent years that the US-China-Russia rivalry has significant implications for the architecture of international security at both global and regional levels. On one hand, China appears to have expressed discomfort with the US-centric global security framework and aspires to lead the reform of global security governance towards a new paradigm of 'partnership and mutually beneficial outcomes'. While China has supported Russia's interpretation of the conflict in Ukraine and views Russia as a potential ally in its narratives, there are inconsistencies in its stance towards Russia. This suggests that China's foreign and security policy, including the prospect of cooperation and confrontation, is still in the making. In contrast, the United States views China and Russia's support for oppressive regimes as counterproductive, while China and Russia view the United States' democracy and human rights promotion and military intervention in certain regions as problematic. However, there is potential for cooperation between the US and China in areas such as peacekeeping, promoting global stability, and reducing the risk of inadvertent escalation. Consequently, the evolving relationship between these three powers and their impact on the global security landscape highlight the need for a deeper understanding of their respective interests and the potential for cooperation or conflict in various regions. Thus, keeping these notions into consideration, this paper attempts to assess the global chessboard where these major powers engage in a multifarious struggle for dominance. For this, the research endeavours to shed light on the evolving nature of global security structures as well as how this tripartite power play influences security landscapes across the world. The paper seeks to offer a panoramic view of the contemporary international order, which is shaped and reshaped by the interplay of forces between the U.S., China, and Russia.