bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Innovative approaches to customs inspections of participants in foreign economic activity
Authors: Gupanova Yu. E. , Lemak A. S.
Published: April 2021

With the adoption of the Strategy for the Development of the Customs Service of the Russian Federation until 2030, one of the priorities for customs authorities has become the introduction of new approaches to the organization and conduct of customs control after the release of goods.

The purpose of the research paper is to identify problematic aspects of the implementation of customs inspection technology and to substantiate innovative approaches to their implementation. The research methodology is based on the use of methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparison and description, which allowed a comprehensive study of the object.

The paper proposes a new approach, which provides for the centralization and concentration of control functions of customs control after the release of goods in authorized departments. This approach will improve not only the efficiency of the customs authorities for the implementation of supervisory functions after the release of goods but also the quality of customs administration in terms of creating a unified network of electronic customs offices, ensure the achievement of balance in the application of customs procedures facilitating and monitoring the implementation of foreign economic activity.

The authors define the main directions for improving the technology of customs inspections to ensure the implementation of the new approach. The formed recommendations based on the results of the study can be used in the practical activities of the customs authorities of the Russian Federation.
Emigration from Tajikistan to the Baltic States: trends and prospects of development
Authors: Rakhmonov A. Kh.
Published: April 2021

The article studies the relations between the Republic of Tajikistan and the Baltic States after gaining independence from the USSR. The paper considers the Baltic States as a new direction of emigration for citizens of Tajikistan. The author also pays attention to remittances from the Baltic States to the economy of Tajikistan. The purpose of the article is to identify new trends and directions of labor migration from Tajikistan to the Baltic countries. The objectives of the study are to determine the factors influencing the formation of new geographical directions of labor migration from Tajikistan. The main research method was the economic and statistical method, which includes the collection and processing of data on labor migration, as well as an assessment of the contribution of labor migration to the gross domestic product of Tajikistan as a sending country based on the author’s calculation methods. An important research method was conducting interviews with experts, as well as a secondary analysis of sociological surveys and Internet resources with stories of the life and migration of emigrants from Tajikistan to the Baltic countries.
Managing a firm in the face of change
Authors: Matskulyak I. D. , Kuligin V. D. , Matskulyak D. I.
Published: April 2021

The purpose of the publication is to study the management of the company in the context of economic changes associated with the introduction of innovations in its activities, their combinations, and taking into account the initiated entrepreneurs proper vision. In accordance with the goal, the following tasks are formulated: to achieve the company management potential, aimed at solving intra-company issues and at the same time transforming the entire market system; to identify duality of market regularity of its manifestation in modern economic environment and to propose a number of directions of its improvement on the basis of synergy of combined progressive trends introduced into production.

The research methodology is based on the fundamental difference between the division of labor inside of the company and similar structures and the social division of labor itself; a well-known postulate on the commonality and features of the homotypic economic phenomena, which are the market economy and its main link – a company, organization, enterprise, etc. in the article.

The results include a generalization of scientists’ views on the management of the company in conditions of change in labor, production and the economy, which occurs due to the introduction of innovations, their various combinations, into the entrepreneurial process. The company’s connection is disclosed not only with the market (exchange sphere), but also with the market economy as a cohesive whole. It is justified that both structures become the engine of economic growth. The company management itself is represented not only inside of it, but also outside, as the continuation and generation of a functioning market, market system. This is the key aspect of economic development.

In conclusion, it is concluded that the management of an entrepreneurial company under conditions of change becomes the basic tool for the progress of business entities, turns into a specific rational channel for introducing combined modernization of the economy, and the search for ways to resolve the contradiction between them as part and whole, becomes the driving force of social progress.
Analysis of typologies of money laundering in fulfillment of export transactions
Authors: Beketnova J. M.
Published: April 2021

Despite the high level of state control, the sphere of international trade is attractive to malefactors and can be used to with-draw dirty money abroad, or invest it in the legal economy under the guise of honestly earned income. To successfully solve the problem of laundering the proceeds of crime in the course of foreign economic transactions, a systematic approach and scientific understanding of the empirically obtained results are required. The purpose of the article is to study the current trends in the laundering of proceeds from crime in the conduct of foreign economic activity and methods of counteraction.

The paper considers the application of typological analysis in economics and other sciences. The author considers and systematizes typologies of legalization of monetary funds by means of price manipulations – by indicating the underestimated or overstated customs value of goods in the accompanying documentation, as well as by performing pseudo-export operations. The study concludes that the money laundering schemes have typical features, and the typological analysis can increase the effectiveness of the efforts of state bodies in the fight against illegal operations. The article defines the specificity of the analysis of financial monitoring objects, which is due to the high latency of deviant subjects and their activities, the large volume and heterogeneous nature of the information requiring analysis and interpretation, high requirements for professional knowledge and practical experience of expert analysts, as well as significant time costs for the analysis of each individual subject.
Organizational personnel career development
Authors: Filyasova Yu. A.
Published: April 2021

The aim of the study is to analyse opportunities for career development of organizational personnel. The object of the study includes processes providing organizational career development. The subject of the research is interdependence between personal professional development of employees and organizational performance. The research methods are description and analysis.

The processes providing career progression can be divided into direct, actively encouraging employees to improve professional skills, and indirect, creating favourable work environment and commitment to achieving organizational relevant goals. Under the modern conditions of societal transformations, it is highly important to pay closer attention to interrelation between personal development and organizational aims since a customary vision of career as vertical climbing a corporate ladder is receding into the past. Opportunities for continuous training, entrepreneurial activity, and multiple vacancies are changing a vision of career as a finite process within an organization. An essential role in the system of personnel management should be played by employee career development planning which establishes connections between financial and nonfinancial incentives, on the one hand, and employee performance, on the other hand, – with respect to their personal interests, social characteristics and motivation level.

The author concludes that two opposite tendencies influence personnel management system functioning: change and conservation. The necessity for change is caused by transforming market and social conditions, employee personal growth, and organizational life cycle. The tendency for status quo conservation is dictated by the desire of any system for stability and sustainability.
A Reactivity First Approach to Autonomous Discovery of New Chemistry
Authors: Caramelli Dario , Granda Jaroslaw , Mehr Hessam , Cambié Dario , Henson Alon , Cronin Leroy
Published: April 2021

We present a robotic chemical discovery system capable of learning the generalized notion of reactivity using a neural network model that can abstract the reactivity from the identity of the reagents. The system is controlled using an algorithm that works in conjunction with this learned knowledge, the robot was able to autonomously explore a large number of potential reactions and assess the reactivity of mixtures, including unknown datasets, regardless the identity of the starting materials. The system identified a range of chemical reactions and products, some of which were well-known, some new but predictable from known pathways, but also some unpredictable reactions that yielded new molecules. The search was done within a budget of 15 inputs combined in 1018 reactions, which allowed us not only to discover a new photochemical reaction, but also a new reactivity mode for a well-known reagent (p-toluenesulfonylmethyl isocyanide, TosMIC). This involved the reaction of six equivalents of TosMIC in a ‘multi-step, single-substrate’ cascade reaction yielding a trimeric product in high yield (47% unoptimized) with formation of five new C-C bonds involving sp-sp2 and sp-sp3 carbon centres. Analysis reveals that this transformation is intrinsically unpredictable, demonstrating the possibility of reactivity-first robotic discovery of unknown reaction methodologies without requiring human input.
Area Selective Deposition of Metals from the Electrical Resistivity of the Substrate
Authors: Nadhom Hama , Boyd Robert , Rouf Polla , Lundin Daniel , Pedersen Henrik
Published: April 2021

Area selective deposition (ASD) of films only on desired areas of the substrate opens for less complex fabrication of nanoscaled electronics. We show that a newly developed CVD method, where plasma electrons are used as the reducing agent in deposition of metallic thin films, is inherently area selective from the electrical resistivity of the substrate surface. When depositing iron with the new CVD method, no film is deposited on high-resistivity SiO2 surfaces whereas several hundred nm thick iron films are deposited on areas with low resistivity, obtained by adding a thin layer of silver on the SiO2 surface. Based on such a scheme, we show how to use the electric resistivity of the substrate surface as an extension of the ASD toolbox for metal-on-metal deposition.
Thermotropic Icy Road Sign with Light Scattering and Fluorescence Response
Authors: Booth Joshua , Young Robert , Richards Gonzales Andrés , meakin zachary , Preuss-Weber Corinna , Jaggers Ross , Bon Stefan
Published: April 2021

Prototypes of flexible, electricity-free, ice warning signs for roads and pavements have been developed. A thermotropic response in the form of an upper critical solution (UCST) type phase separation targeted near the freezing point of water manifests itself through light scattering as a clear-to-opaque transition. It is simultaneously amplified by an enhanced photoluminescence effect. The conceptual road sign application is a multi-lamellar flexible strip with an active layer of a polystyrene-based solution. The solvent is a plasticizer, here either dioctylphthalate (DOP) or its alternative 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester (DINCH). A collection of styrene-based macromolecules were made by free radical (co)polymerization, varying molecular weight and monomer feed composition. UCST type phase diagrams for the polymer solutions were constructed from cloud point data measured by a bespoke photographic set-up, in which up to 30 samples were measured simultaneously using both light scattering, that is opacity, and fluorescence. For the latter, the concept of restricted motion enhanced photoluminescence, often referred to as aggregation-induced emission (AIE), was used. Polystyrene labelled with tetraphenylethylene (TPE) was used for this. The contrast between ‘ON’ and ‘OFF’ states in the prototype ice warning signs was optimized by tuning the polymer concentration and the active layer thickness. Our prototype signs show full reversibility over many temperature cycles. We believe the concept can be of wider use in electricity-free signs and labels.
Perfect and Defective 13C-Furan-Derived Nanothreads from Modest-Pressure Synthesis Analyzed by 13C NMR
Authors: Matsuura Bryan , Huss Steven , zheng zhaoxi , Yuan Shichen , Wang Tao , Chen Bo , Badding John V. , Trauner Dirk , Elacqua Elizabeth , C.T. van Duin Adri , Crespi Vincent , Schmidt-Rohr Klaus
Published: April 2021

13C-enrichment of furan by custom synthesis followed by modest-pressure synthesis of 13C-enriched nanothreads enabled a detailed characterization of the reaction products by a full complement of advanced solid-state NMR techniques, with validation by ab initio calculation of chemical shifts. The 13C NMR spectrum was complex, with more than a dozen distinct features, but almost all (> 95%) represented CH moieties are as expected in nanothreads, with only 2–4% CH2, 0.3% C=O, and 0.3% COO groups, according to spectral editing. Different components were quantified by integration of the fully equilibrated direct-polarization spectrum. Symmetric and asymmetric alkene-containing rings as well as trapped furan were identified by 13C-13C and 1H-13C NMR. The most intriguing component observed was fully saturated perfect anti furan-derived nanothread segments, with two distinct, sharp peaks, accounting for ca. 10% of the material. The bonding patterns in these periodic structures deduced from DQ/SQ NMR was that of a [4+2] cycloaddition product. While the small number of chemically inequivalent carbon sites eliminated low-symmetry syn/anti threads, the large number of magnetically inequivalent ones (i.e., distinct C-H orientations) in CODEX NMR was incompatible with the high-symmetry syn threads. Anti threads with two chemically and eight magnetically inequivalent sites provide the only consistent fit of the experimental data. These conclusions were convincingly corroborated by quantum-chemical simulations, which showed good agreement of isotropic chemical shifts only for the anti threads. This represents the first molecular-level identification of a specific type of nanothread. The typical length of the perfect, fully saturated thread segments was around 14 bonds and they accordingly constitute small clusters (according to 13C and 1H spin diffusion analyses) which likely reside within an overall hexagonal thread packing along with other, less-perfect or less-saturated brethren. The relatively slow T1C relaxation confirms the nanometer-scale length of the periodic perfect structure, indicates that the perfect threads are particularly rigid, and enables their selective observation in 13C NMR.
A QuantCrit investigation of society’s educational debts due to racism and sexism in chemistry student learning
Authors: Van Dusen Ben , nissen jayson , Talbot Robert , Huvard Hannah , Shultz Mollee
Published: April 2021

The American Chemical Society holds supporting diverse student populations engaging in chemistry as a core value. We analyzed chemical concept inventory scores from 4,612 students across 12 institutions to determine what inequities in content knowledge existed before and after introductory college chemistry courses. We interpreted our findings from a Quantitative Critical (QuantCrit) perspective that framed inequities as educational debts that society owed students due to racism, sexism, or both. Results showed that society owed women and Black men large educational debts before and after instruction. Society’s educational debts before instruction were large enough that women and Black men’s average scores were lower than White men’s average pretest scores even after instruction. Society would have to provide opportunities equivalent to taking the course up to two and a half times to repay the largest educational debts. These findings show the scale of the inequities in the science education systems and highlight the need for reallocating resources and opportunities throughout the K-16 education system to mitigate, prevent, and repay society’s educational debts from sexism and racism.
Decommissioning Orphaned and Abandoned Oil and Gas Wells: New Estimates and Cost Drivers
Authors: Raimi Daniel , Krupnick Alan J. , Shih Jhih-Shyang , Thompson Alexandra
Published: April 2021

Millions of abandoned wells are scattered across the United States, causing significant methane emissions and creating a variety of health and environmental hazards. Governments are increasingly interested in decommissioning such wells via tougher regulations or direct spending, but want to do so efficiently. However, information on the costs of decommissioning wells is very limited. In this analysis, we provide new estimates of the costs of decommissioning oil and gas wells and the key drivers of those costs. We analyze data from up to 19,500 wells and find that median decommissioning costs are roughly $20,000 for plugging only, and $76,000 for plugging and surface reclamation. In rare cases, costs exceed $1 million per well. Each additional 1,000 feet of well depth increases costs by 20 percent, older wells are considerably more costly than newer ones, natural gas wells are nine percent more expensive than wells that produce oil, and costs vary widely by state. Surface characteristics also matter: each additional 10 feet of elevation change in the 5-acre area surrounding the well raises costs by three percent. Finally, we find that contracting in bulk pays off: each additional well per contract reduces decommissioning costs by three percent. These findings suggest that regulators can adjust bonding requirements to better match the characteristics of each well.
Through-Space Interaction: What, Where and How?
Authors: LIU Junkai , Zhang Haoke , hu lianrui , wang jun , Lam Jacky W. Y. , Blancafort Lluís , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: April 2021

Electronic conjugation through covalent bonds is generally considered as the basis for the electronic transition of organic luminescent materials. Tetraphenylethylene (TPE), an efficient fluorophore with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) character, its blue photoluminescence in aggregate state is always ascribed to the through-bond conjugation (TBC) among the four phenyl rings and the central C=C bond. Herein, systematic spectrometry studies and ab initio theoretical simulation were conducted for TPE and its derivatives, and intramolecular through-space interaction (TSI) between two vicinal phenyl rings is proved as the origin of the blue emission. Furthermore, aided by the evaluation of excited-state decay dynamics, the non-luminescent nature of TPE in solution is revealed as the result of excited-state evolution towards conical intersections via isomerization and cyclization. In aggregate state, the excited-state TSI (ESTSI) is stabilized by the restriction of intramolecular motions, and strong blue emission from through-space conjugation is induced. The mechanistic model of ESTSI delineated in this work provides a new strategy to design luminescent materials beyond the traditional theory of TBC, and expands the quantum understanding of molecular behavior into the aggregate level.
Sol-Gel Processing of a Covalent Organic Framework for the Generation of Hierarchically Porous Monolithic Adsorbents
Authors: Carrington Mark , Rampal Nakul , Madden David G. , O'Nolan Daniel , Casati Nicola Pietro Maria , Divitini Giorgio , Cepitis Ritums , Ilan Jesus A. Martin , Camur Ceren , Silvestre-Albero Joaquin , Zamora Felix , Taraskin Sergei , Chapman Karena W. , Fairen-Jimenez David
Published: April 2021

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as a versatile materials platform for applications including chemical separations, water purification, chemical reaction engineering and energy storage. Their inherently low mechanical stability, however, frequently renders existing methods of pelletisation ineffective contributing to pore collapse, pore blockage or insufficient densification of crystallites. Here, we present a general process for the shaping and densifying of COFs into centimetre-scale porous monolithic pellets without the need for templates, additives or binders. This process minimises mechanical damage from shear-induced plastic deformation and further provides a network of interparticle mesopores that we exploit in accessing analyte capacities above those achievable from the intrinsic porosity of the COF framework. Using a lattice-gas model, we accurately capture the monolithic structure across the mesoporous range and tie pore architecture to performance characteristics in both gas storage and separation applications. Collectively, these findings represent a substantial step in the practical applicability of COFs and other mechanically weak porous materials.
Degradation Kinetics and Solvent Effects of Various Long-Chain Quaternary Ammonium Salts
Authors: Kleijwegt Roel , Winkenwerder Wyatt , Baan Wim , van der Schaaf John
Published: April 2021

Surfactants such as quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) have been in increasing demand, for emerging new applications. Recent attempts at process intensification oftheir production, have disclosed the need for a better understanding of QAS thermal stability. This work aims to determine degradation kinetics of various QASs, and theassociated solvent effects. Degradation kinetics of four methyl carbonate QASs were determined in variouspolar solvents in stainless steel batch autoclaves. 1H NMR spectrometry was employed for online analysis of the reaction mixtures. The kinetic parameters were then usedto compare the thermal stability of the four compounds in the polar solvents. Water showed not degradation, and methanol (MeOH) was the solvent that provided thesecond-best stability. Water-MeOH mixtures may provide an overall optimum. More, and longer long-chain substituents increased the degradation rate. Thermogravimetric Analysis was used to obtain the thermal stability in a solid-state, i.e. solventless environment. Isoconversional analysis showed that no reliable kinetic parameters could be determined. Nevertheless, the data did allow for a compar-ison of the thermal stability of 14 different QASs. Furthermore, the relative instability of the compounds in solid-state demonstrated the challenges of solventless QAS production.
Multiplexed Small Molecule Ligand Binding Assays by Affinity Labeling and DNA Sequence Analysis
Authors: Cai Bo , Krusemark Casey
Published: April 2021

Small molecule binding assays to target proteins are a core component of drug discovery and development. While a number of assay formats are available, significant drawbacks still remain in cost, sensitivity, and throughput. To improve assays by capitalizing on the power of DNA sequence analysis, we have developed an assay method that combines DNA encoding with split-and-pool sample handling. The approach involves affinity labeling of DNA-linked ligands to a protein target. Critically, the labeling event assesses ligand binding and enables subsequent pooling of several samples. Application of a purifying selection on the pool for protein-labeled DNAs allows detection of ligand binding by quantification of DNA barcodes. We demonstrate the approach in both ligand displacement and direct binding formats and demonstrate its utility in determination of relative ligand affinity, profiling ligand specificity, and high-throughput small molecule screening.
Correlating the Structural Evolution of ZnO/Al2O3 to Spinel Zinc Aluminate with its Catalytic Performance in Propane Dehydrogenation
Authors: Nadjafi Manouchehr , Kierzkowska Agnieszka M. , Armutlulu Andac , Verel Rene , Fedorov Alexey , Abdala Paula M. , Müller Christoph
Published: April 2021

Zn-based Al2O3-suported materials have been proposed as inexpensive and environmentally friendly catalysts for the direct dehydrogenation of propane (PDH), however, our understanding of these catalysts’ structure and deactivation routes is still limited. Here, we correlate the catalytic activity for PDH of a series of Zn-based Al2O3 catalysts with their structure and structural evolution. To this end, three model catalysts are investigated. (i) ZnO/Al2O3 prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD) of ZnO onto γ-Al2O3 followed by calcination at 700 °C, which yields a core-shell spinel zinc aluminate/γ-Al2O3 structure. (ii) Zinc aluminate spinel nanoparticles (ZnxAlyO4 NPs) prepared via a hydrothermal method. (iii) A reference core-shell ZnO/SiO2 catalyst prepared by ALD of ZnO on SiO2. The catalysts are characterized in detail by synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Zn K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and 27Al solid state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR). These experiments allowed us to identify tetrahedral Zn sites in close proximity to Al sites of a zinc aluminate spinel phase (ZnIV–O–AlIV/VI linkages) as notably more active and selective in PDH relative to the supported ZnO wurtzite phase (ZnIV–O– ZnIV linkages) in ZnO/SiO2. The best performing catalyst, 50ZnO/Al2O3 gives 77% selectivity to propene (gaseous products based) at 9 mmol C3H6 gcat−1 h−1 space time yield (STY) after 3 min of reaction at 600 °C. On the other hand, the core-shell ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst shows an irreversible loss of activity over repeated PDH and air-regeneration cycles, explained by Zn depletion on the surface due to its diffusion into subsurface layers or the bulk. ZnxAlyO4 NPs gave a comparable initial selectivity and catalytic activity as 50ZnO/Al2O3. With time on stream, ZnxAlyO4 NPs deactivate due to the formation of coke at the catalyst surface, yet the extend of coke deposition is lower than for the ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts, and the activity of ZnxAlyO4 NPs can be regenerated almost fully using calcination in air.
THE SOCIAL COMPONENT AS A FACTOR OF ENSURING EFFECTIVE REPRODUCTION OF HUMAN CAPITAL AND INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TERRITORY
Authors: Ефремова Светлана Михайловна
Published: April 2021

Цель исследования - установить влияние социального компонента в системе воспроизводства и развития человеческого капитала. Для обеспечения оценки социального фактора проанализирован существующий методологический инструментарий и определен комплекс показателей, который позволит провести оценку степени влияния существующего социального пространства на развитие человеческого капитала и инновационную активность отдельной территории. Научная новизна - представлена методика и результаты анализа и оценки роли социального компонента как фактора обеспечения эффективного воспроизводства человеческого капитала и инновационного развития территории, выявлены проблемные зоны в системе его развития в современном экономическом пространстве.

The aim of the study is to establish the influence of the social component in the system of reproduction and development of human capital. To ensure the assessment of the social factor, the author analyzes the existing methodological tools and a system of indicators that allows assessing the degree of influence of the existing social space on the development of human capital and innovation activity of a particular territory. Scientific novelty consists in the analysis and evaluation of the role of the social component as a factor in ensuring the effective reproduction of human capital and innovative development of the territory, identifying problem areas in the system of its development in the modern economic space. The results of the study can be used for the development and justification of regional socio-economic development programs.
THE EFFICIENCY OF THE INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN A CORPORATION WITH STATE PARTICIPATION
Authors: Журавлева Дарья Николаевна
Published: April 2021

Цель статьи - определение сущности процесса автоматизации при принятии управленческих решений в корпорациях с государственным участием, выявление экономических эффектов от внедрения информационных технологий, а также определение влияния роли функциональной структуры внедряемой информационной системы на возможность принятия грамотного управленческого решения. Научная новизна представлена разработанными методическими рекомендациями для проведения сравнительного анализа информационных систем и их выбора с целью последующего рационального внедрения в систему корпоративного управления. Автором также доказана потребность внедрения такого эффективного управленческого инструментария

Currently, there is a demand for the automation of managerial decisions in corporations with state participation, which, in turn, face the need for competent allocation of resources in this area. The functional structure of the implemented system determines the economic efficiency of the system, the implementation result may be the benefits provided by information support from the entire complex of the information system. The object of the research is a tool for introducing the IT management system of a corporation. The author has formulated guidelines for a software comparative analysis of information systems for their rational implementation, and also proved the need for the implementation of effective management tools.
Penerapan media pembelajaran flashcard mengenal kata untuk anak berkebutuhan khusus di kelas inklusi
Authors: Stefani Ferenza Dwi , Samsiyah Nur
Published: April 2021

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kelas Inklusi SDN Sumbersari 01 Kecamatan Saradan dengan tujuan : (1) Untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan media pembelajaran flashcard mengenal kata untuk Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus di kelas inklusi SDN Sumbersari 01 (2) mendeskripsikan kelebihan Â dan kekurangan pada proses pembelajaran berlangsung di Kelas Inklusi. (3) mendeskripsikan kendala yang terjadi saat proses penerapan media pembelajaran flashcard berlangsung untuk Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus Di Kelas Inklusi SDN Sumbersari Penelitian ini dilaksanaka di SDN Sumbersari 01 dengan menggunakan sebuah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisa data menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data, dan menari kesimpulan hasil penelitian. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Penerapan Media Pembelajaran Flashcard Mengenal Kata Untuk Anak Berkebutuhan KhususÂ  Di Kelas Inklusi SDN Sumbersari 01 dapat berjalan dengan baik serta lancar, akan tetapi mengalami kendala dalam proses penerapannya dalam sebuah pembelajaran sehingga perlu mengusahakan dalam membimbing siswa secara lebih intensif agar kendala dapat diatasi
The relationship between actual and self-perceived physical fitness in adolescence
Authors: Bezjak Robert , Cecić Erpič Saša
Published: April 2021

The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between physical self-concept and actual indicators of physical fitness in early and mid-adolescence. Physical self-concept plays a significant role in adolescence, as this phase of life is characterised by many physical, mental, and emotional changes. A total of 427 Slovenian boys and girls from two age groups (early and middle adolescence) were studied. Physical self-concept was assessed with the Slovenian version of Physical Self-Description Questionnaire, while the Sports-educational Chart was used to measure physical fitness. The results showed that the older group scored better on all measures of physical fitness, except for general endurance. In terms of age-related differences in physical self-concept, older adolescents showed poorer physical perceptions of their strength and flexibility and higher global self-esteem compared to their younger peers. Correlation analysis showed that physical self-concept and actual indicators of physical fitness were related, despite incomplete overlap between psychological dimensions and objective measures. The obtained results can be transferred to physical education, as the development of a positive physical self-concept is one of the most important educational goals.
Perfil RDW de cães anêmicos comparado ao VCM e CHCM
Authors: Rodrigues Volnei Rebeque , Deboleto Sandriele Goes de Campos , Centenaro João Rogério , Braz Paulo Henrique
Published: April 2021

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo traçar um perfil do RDW de cães anêmicos comparados ao VCM (volume corpuscular médio) e CHCM (concentração de hemoglobina corpuscular média) de acordo com o tipo de anemia apresentada pelos pacientes caninos. Foram observados e tabulados os valores de VG (volume globular), VCM, CHCM e RDW (red cell distribution width/amplitude de distribuição dos glóbulos vermelhos) de 1.247 cães e separados em 4 classes de acordo com o valor do VG: classe 1 (VG abaixo de 25%); classe 2 (VG entre 25 e 35%); classe 3 (VG entre 35 e 45%) e classe 4 (VG acima de 45%) sendo que destes, 529 foram considerados anêmicos. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, para confirmar possível diferença entre classes para as variáveis VCM e RDW. Houve diferença estatística para VCM e RDW, porém não foi possível observar uma grande dispersão entre as mesmas, para as classes 1 (mais anêmicos) e 2 (menos anêmicos). Assim, pode-se afirmar que os cães se dispuseram de resultados hematimétricos com uma média dispersão de dados, justificados pelos coeficientes de variação do VCM e RDW.
Influência da remoção de plasma seminal por centrifugação na qualidade de sêmen canino resfriado
Authors: Pereira Fernanda Almeida , Lima Fernando Silva , Nascimento Gabrielle Bianca Alves , Silva Luana Souza , Oliveira Luisa Lima Nantes , Marques Poliany Ferreira , Aguiar Queren Hapuque Sousa Lima , Santos Fernanda Carlini Cunha
Published: April 2021

Durante o resfriamento de sêmen canino, o contato do plasma seminal por longo período com os espermatozoides pode afetar negativamente a composição da membrana plasmática e reduzir a capacidade de fecundação. A centrifugação para remoção do plasma também pode ter influência negativa sobre célula espermática, devido a danos celulares físicos, remoção de fatores inibidores da capacitação e aumento na produção de radicais livres. Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência da remoção de plasma seminal por centrifugação na qualidade de sêmen canino submetido a resfriamento. Foram coletados 19 ejaculados de caninos hígidos. Cada ejaculado foi avaliado quanto à qualidade espermática e dividido em dois tratamentos: 1) não-centrifugado: diluição e armazenamento sob resfriamento; 2) centrifugado: diluição, centrifugação a 600 × g por 15 minutos, descarte de sobrenadante, ressuspensão do pellet com diluente e armazenamento sob resfriamento a 5ºC por 48h. As amostras foram avaliadas quanto à motilidade, vigor, integridade de membrana e morfologia, às 24h e 48h de resfriamento. Os dados foram avaliados por estatística descritiva, ANOVA e a comparação entre médias pelo teste de Tukey. Foi verificada diferença significativa (p<0.05) quanto à motilidade às 24h (não-centrifugado 70,2±3,9% e centrifugado 61,9±3,3%); às 48h (59,5±3,9% e 47,6±4,7%, respectivamente) e às 24h quanto a defeitos espermáticos (11,4±0,7% e 14,7±1,2%, respectivamente). Como resultado, as amostras de sêmen canino não submetidas à remoção do plasma seminal por centrifugação apresentaram maior média de motilidade e morfologia normal durante o resfriamento a 5ºC por 48h.
Cultural Confidence in the Teaching of Chinese Contemporary Literary Classics
Authors: Wang Jun
Published: April 2021

Abstract: Taking the teaching of  as an example, this paper discusses the teaching problems of Chinese contemporary literature classics in the context of cultural self-confidence in the new era. In the course of teaching, we try to penetrate cultural factors into the analysis of literary works. This kind of classroom teaching method, from the human love of literature to the philosophical level of literature, and then to the aesthetic level of literature, goes deep layer by layer. In this way, cultural education has been brought into the scope of classroom teaching, which is of great significance to cultivate the cultural self-confidence of college students.
Study on the Mental Health Status and Intervention of College Students with Financial Difficulties
Authors: Dong Xue , Chen Qiaomin , Hu Yahua , Lu Yuecheng
Published: April 2021

The mental health of college students with financial difficulties is a matter of great concern to the society. The mainly psychological characteristics are academic difficulties, interpersonal avoidance, emotional distress, imbalanced personality development and others. The main problems of mental health education for students with financial difficulties are: there is not a precise psychological education system for students with financial difficulties. The society generally attaches importance to "economic poverty alleviation" but ignores "psychological poverty alleviation". Negative psychological problems are highlighted, while positive psychological capital training is ignored. This paper proposes to improve the psychological early warning assistance system for students with financial difficulties, to carry out mental health education in a targeted manner, and to cultivate the psychological capital advantages and sound personality of students with financial difficulties.
Thinking and Research on the Management Skills of Timbre in Contemporary Chinese Pop Music Production
Authors: Zeng Cheng
Published: April 2021

With the rapid development of music culture in China this year, people have higher and higher requirements for the quality of music. Professional music production technology also ushered in a period of rapid development. However, the rapid development of systematization also leads to different quality of technical means. More and more musicians realize the importance of learning how to scientifically manage and customize their own timbre library. In this paper, we will think about and study the management skills of timbre in Contemporary Chinese pop music production.
The Comparison of SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV Genome and Spike Protein Variations
Authors: Fikriani Choirun Nita , Ardana I Kade Karisma Gita , Listyorini Dwi
Published: April 2021

SARS-CoV-2 is a virus that has caused COVID-19 pandemic. This virus is a new variant of the SARS-CoV virus and also closely related to MERS-CoV, which caused similar acute respiratory infections. All these viruses recognize target cells by binding to the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) on Spike protein with receptors. This study aimed to determine the SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV genome structure, Spike protein sequence differences, and variations of RBD’s Receptor Binding Motif (RBM). This research was using data mining approach. Genome sequences were downloaded from NCBI, except for Indonesian samples were downloaded from GISAID. Genomic structures, Spike sequence, and RBD structure were analyzed using Bioedit, followed by protein modelling using SwissModel and PyMol applications. The result showed that the SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV genome shared the same genes yet in different numbers and length. SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein sequence was quite similar to SARS-CoV Spike protein, but very different to the Spike protein of MERS-CoV. There were variations of RBD’s RBM structure due to the mutations occurred among these viruses. It is suggested that these differences may increase the affinity between SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein to its hACE2 receptor which caused SARS-CoV-2 becomes more infective and spread wider than SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV, in turn. This result expected to be basic information for the development of SARS-CoV-2 introduction inhibition agent and spreading prevention.
Los biopolímeros y sus consecuencias: alogenosis iatrogénica
Authors: Ruiz Ortega María Gisella , Adum Ruiz John Hamilton , Alcívar Alcívar Fátima Sofia , Leone Jiménez Paolo Alessandro
Published: April 2021

Actualmente, los biopolímeros representan un problema de salud pública. Los biopolímeros son macromoléculas de diferentes orígenes, derivados del petróleo, de origen vegetal y muchos son de origen sintético. En este último caso, la mayoría son derivados de la silicona, pudiendo incluir otros materiales como metacrilato o colágeno entre otros. Una vez que se generan en el organismo humano las consecuencias producto del uso y aplicación de los biopolímeros, se produce una patología denominada por la comunidad médico científica como Alogenosis Iatrogénica. El objetivo del presente estudio consiste en plasmar los principales riesgos y complicaciones de la aplicación de los biopolímeros para la salud de las personas, así como sus principales signos y síntomas. El modelo de investigación es una revisión de tipo documental bibliográfico. Todos los biopolímeros pueden causar algún tipo de reacción a corto, mediano o largo plazo, no obstante, los productos y la aplicación ilegal incrementan este problema. Entre las principales complicaciones se encuentran: protuberancias, depresiones e irregularidades, dolor, equimosis o hematoma, y sobrecorrección, cicatrices a largo plazo, inflamación, irregularidades en la piel, edema, eritema, hiper o hipopigmentaciones, ulceraciones, endurecimiento, necrosis y fístulas, síntomas generalmente sistémicos, especialmente manifestaciones articulares, así como mialgias, poliartritis, fenómeno de Raynaud y enfermedades autoinmunitarias. En el peor de los casos se puede presentar la muerte del paciente. En conclusión, de la investigación se desprende que los estudios acerca de sus consecuencias y, en general, del uso de los biopolímeros es escaso. No sólo se desconocen sus cifras, sino que también se carecen de estudios que demuestren con precisión sus complicaciones, tampoco existe un tratamiento estándar comprobado. Mucho de esto se debe al creciente y muy lucrativo mercado negro de estos productos y la carencia en materia de regulación que existe por parte de la mayoría de los países.
Manejo quirúrgico de las ulceras por presión
Authors: Bazualdo Fiorini Enzo Renatto , Mariño Bayas Alicia Magdalena , Castillo Chico Gioconda Elizabeth , Chiriboga Calva María Isabel
Published: April 2021

El presente artículo de revisión, busca detallar el tratamiento de las ulceras de presión y cuando necesitan de la cirugía reconstructiva. Partimos por conceptualizar que una Ulcera de Presión es una herida que se produce sobre una prominencia ósea en las diversas partes corporales donde exista el compromiso de la Presión prolongada sobre los tejidos blandos subyacentes los cuales sufren la disminución de la microcirculación y sus cambios degenerativos consecuentes. Esta presión ejercida por la prominencia ósea puede ser aumentada por factores como el estado nutricional, las fuerzas de cizallamiento y fricción, la humedad de la piel, y la edad del paciente. Las Ulceras de Presión se clasifican en 4 grados definidos, de los cuales los tratamientos médicos como los cambios posturales cada dos horas, el uso de colchones neumáticos, uso de curaciones con cremas y apósitos, entre otros son de utilidad como medidas preventivas en los grados iniciales. Sin embargo las Ulceras de grado III y IV, deben ser manejados quirúrgicamente siempre y cuando el estado físico y la calidad de vida a futuro así lo permita. Si hablamos de localizaciones a nivel pélvico, las ulceraciones más frecuentes son las de la región Sacra y trocantéricas cuando el paciente está en decúbito prolongado, sin embargo son más frecuentes isquiáticas si permanece por largos periodos de tiempo sentados. El manejo quirúrgico es importante para evitar la complicación más peligrosa que es la osteomielitis. Los cirujanos plásticos en estos casos no preferimos usar colgajos Libres ni los injertos de piel, sin embargo podrían usarse en casos específicos. Los métodos de cobertura quirúrgica más frecuentes son los colgajos locales dermo-grasos y musculo-cutáneos, dependiendo de la experiencia de cada caso.
Diagnóstico y tratamiento de la gonorrea
Authors: Villacís Nieto José Miguel , Gavilanes Dávila Fátima Liliana , Valencia Intriago Alexander Jamil , Jiménez Campusano Joselyn Ismenia
Published: April 2021

La gonorrea es registrada como la segunda ITS más comúnmente contagiada a nivel mundial. Su propagación es mediante cualquier tipo de actividad sexual o contacto con el pene, la vagina, el ano, la uretra, e incluso, con la boca, la garganta o los ojos. Pueden padecerla cualquier persona, en especial, las sexualmente activas, que usualmente están comprendidas por aquellas con edades entre los 15 a 24 años, aunque igualmente existen riesgos de contagio en mujeres de 25 o más años de edad que tiene una nueva pareja sexual o varias parejas sexuales, o una pareja sexual con una infección de transmisión sexual; u hombres homosexuales o bisexuales. Su agente etiológico es la bacteria Neisseria Gonorrhoeae. El interés por desarrollar el presente estudio es el de recopilar fuentes cientificoacadémicas recientes a fines exponer sobre la el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de la gonorrea, con la finalidad de aportar un nuevo material útil tanto para el fortalecimiento del conocimiento médico científico como para que sirva de sustento en posteriores estudios e torno a la temática planteada. En ese sentido, se acordó desarrollar una investigación con diseño bibliográfico en el marco de una metodología de revisión. Con resultados, se ha logrado recabar la evidencia necesaria para exponer fundadamente sobre la gonorrea, aspectos generales, síntomas, complicaciones, resistencia antimicrobiana, diagnóstico y tratamiento. Se concluye que el diagnóstico de la gonorrea se efectúa en base a pruebas o exámenes que pueden consistir en: evaluación microscópica, cultivos de agentes patógenos, exámenes de ADN, pruebas de amplificación de los ácidos nucleicos (NAAT), entre otros. En cuanto al tratamiento de la gonorrea, en general, existe total coincidencia respecto a la administración de antibióticos combinados tales como: Ceftriaxona, cefpodoxima, doxiciclin, ciprofloxacina y Azitromicina, exceptuando el uso de la gentamicina y gemifloxacina, en casos de que el paciente a tratar sea alérgico a la Cefalosporina (Ceftriaxona).
МІЖЕТАПНА ОПТИМІЗАЦІЯ ОБРОБКИ ДАНИХ ОГЛЯДОВИХ РАДІОЛОКАЦІЙНИХ СИСТЕМ СПОСТЕРЕЖЕННЯ ПОВІТРЯНОГО ПРОСТОРУ
Authors: Zavolodko G. , Pavlova D.
Published: April 2021

В роботі проведено синтез та аналіз оптимальної структури обробки даних оглядових радіолокаційних систем спостереження, який показуэ що завдяки створенню тимчасової інформаційної бази сигнальних даних на потрібну кількість оглядів радіолокаційної системи спостереження, в кожному елементі якої зберігаються сигнальні дані з показниками якості та параметри їх отримання, вдається здійснити міжетапну наскрізну оптимізацію обробки сигналів, первинної та вторинної обробки даних систем спостереження повітряного простору на основі критерія Неймана-Пірсона та з’являється можливість швидше формулювати підготовку інформаційних повідомлень у межах поточного інформування, що істотно впливає на якість прийнятого рішення. Наведені розрахунки показали, які є переваги в якості обробки даних первинних радіолокаторів в порівнянні з варіантом поєднання даних, який здійснюється на рівні прийняття рішень про виявлення провітряного об’єкта в кожному каналі обробки сигнальних дани, та показує неодноманітність якісті прийняття рішення, що визначається як якістю, так і складом інформації, на основі якої приймаються рішення. Таким чином наведена структура призведе до якіснішого аналізу інформації про повітряний простор, який значною мірою забезпечує як безпеку країни, так і безпеку повітряного руху