bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Species Diversity and Structure of Wing Scales of Euploea and Papilio Butterflies from Phromlaeng, Nam Nao National Park, Phetchabun Province
Authors: RUANGCHAI Sukhum , PHLAI-NGAM Sirikamon , TUNGPAIROJWONG Nisarat
Published: November 2020

This study focuses on species diversity of butterflies in the genera Euploea and Papilio in Nam Nao National Park. The butterflies were investigated every month for one year using insect nets. A total of 11 species, belonging to 2 genera and 2 families, were found. These were E. algea, E. camaralzeman, E. core, E. midamus, E. mulciber, E. radamanthus, E. sylvester, P. helenus, P. memnon, P. nephelus, and P. paris. The structure of the wing scales in different colour areas of 9 species was studied using a stereo microscope and a scanning electron microscope. The general structure of the wing scales of the butterflies of genus Euploea, independent of the colour it produces, is of longitudinal ridges, composed of tilted scutes, cross ribs that connect the ridges, and trabeculae, which link the cross ribs to the membrane of the wing scale’s upper lamina. In the Papilio species, there are 2 types of wing scales: one that exhibits blue-green iridescence and has wide-spaced ridges with concavities in between; and one displaying white, black, yellow, and red and has smaller widths between the ridges, with the space in between them containing a reticular pattern of cross ribs. The study of the wing scale microstructure of the butterflies in the Euploea and Papilio genera indicates that the patterns of the wing scale structure are genus-specific and that, despite showing similar colours, the wing scales are equipped with different mechanisms exemplifying diversity in structural coloration in nature.
Physico-Chemical Characteristics of Giant Featherback (Chitala lopis) and Mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson) Bone Gelatins and Their Potential as Gelling agents in Gel Mixtures for Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Soft Jelly Candies
Authors: YULIANI Yuliani , AGUNG Bambang Tri , MARWATI Marwati , CANDRA Krishna Purnawan
Published: November 2020

The gel strength of gelatin depends on its raw material. Fish gelatin shows a broad range of gel strengths. Giant featherback and mackerel bone gelatins have the gel strengths 220 and 38 Bloom, respectively. Here, we prepared roselle soft jelly candy using the single gelatin and mixtures gelatins from bovine, giant featherback, and mackerel sources. Roselle calyces extract has been used as a food additive to improve taste, aroma, and antioxidant content. The soft jelly candies (1.5 % w/v roselle extract and 12 % gelling agent) were prepared using three types of gelatin (giant featherback (GF), mackerel (M), and bovine (B)) in four mixtures (GF:B = 1:3, GF:B = 1:1, M:B = 1:3, and M:B = 1:1). This experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with three replications for each treatment. Physico-chemical and sensory characteristics of the jelly candies were determined. The data were analyzed by ANOVA continued by the LSD test. The results showed that water content, pH, gel strength, hardness, rigidity, and hedonic quality (taste, color, texture, and overall performance) of the roselle soft jelly candies were affected by choice of gelatin, but not total reducing sugar. Roselle soft jelly candy made with giant featherback and bovine gelatin (1:3) mix was the most preferred by the panelists.
Effects of the Nursing Therapeutics Program for Facilitating Patient Transition (NTPFPT) on Subjective Well-Being, Role Mastery, and Relationships’ Well-Being among Adult Stroke Patients in Bandung, Indonesia
Authors: KOSASIH Cecep Eli , PUNTHMATHARITH Busakorn , BOONYASOPUN Umaporn
Published: November 2020

This quasi-experimental, repeated measures design was used to examine the effects of the nursing therapeutics program for facilitating patient transition (NTPFPT) on subjective well-being, role mastery, and relationships’ well-being among adult patients who suffered from stroke in Indonesia. Purposive sampling was used to recruit the sample. The control group (n = 42) received the routine care, while the experimental group (n = 42) received the NTPFPT and routine care. The data were collected using 1) the subjective well-being inventory, 2) the role function mode, and 3) the brief family relationship scale. The Chronbach’s alpha coefficients of questionnaires 1 - 3 were .89, .77 and .89, respectively. Descriptive statistics, repeated measures ANOVA, one-way ANOWA, and t-test were used to analyze the data.
The results revealed that significant differences of the mean scores of subjective well-being, role mastery and relationships’ well-being were found between the control and experimental groups (p < .000) and between three times (e.g., Day 3 of hospitalization, T1; one day before discharge, T2; and one month after discharge, T3) within group (p < .000). Significant differences between all three pair wise comparisons of these three variables were found in the experimental group (p < .000) while, two pair wise comparisons showed significant differences in the control group. The mean scores of the three variables in the experimental group measured at T2 and T3 were significantly higher than those of the control group (p < .000) whereas those of measured at T1 showed no significant differences between two groups (p > .05). Thus, it is appropriate for nurses to provide the NTPFPT to stroke patients and families.
The results revealed that significant differences of the mean scores of subjective well-being, role mastery and well-being of relationships were found between the control and experimental groups (p < .000) and between three times (e.g., Day 3 of hospitalization, T1; one day before discharge, T2; and one month after discharge, T3)within group (p < .000).Significant differences between all three pair wise comparisons of these three variables were found in the experimental group (p < .000) whereas in the control group, only two pair wise comparisons were significant differences. The mean scores of the three variables in the experimental group measured at T2 and T3 were significantly higher than those of the control group (p < .000) whereas those of measured at T1 were non significant differences between two groups (p > .05). Thus, it is appropriate for nurses to provide the NTPFPT to stroke patients and families.
Salt Stress-Responsive Protein Interaction in Hordeum vulgare
Authors: SOMASUNDARAM Rajeswari , ARUMUGAM Somasundaram , SOOD Neeru
Published: November 2020

Salt stress affects crop productivity by altering the biology of the plant and limiting productivity. Hordeum vulgare is the most tolerant cereal crop, with rich genetic resources. The underlying molecular mechanism involved in salt stress response is yet to be comprehensively addressed. A total of 305 proteins are involved in the network. We attempted to find relationships between a few representative stress-responsive proteins of osmotic (pip1), ionic (K+/Na+ ratio in the leaf sheath, HvHAK, HAK4, NHX1 and Ha1), and oxidative stress (APX, CAT1, SOD1) from the public protein database to identify the most influential protein in the network. Further, the salt response proteins were analyzed for their enriched protein domains, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways, molecular functions, and cell localization. The graph theory analysis of the large data could provide clues for the identification of potential biomarkers for salt stress in barley. An experiment was performed in three accessions of H. vulgare to identify the reliability of the theoretical network relationship in biological systems. The expression of the above-mentioned proteins was further experimentally proven based on the expression and assay.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Quality of Life among Diabetic Men Living with Erectile Dysfunction
Authors: THONGTANG Pulawit , FONGKAEW Warunee , LOJANAPIWAT Bannakij , SANSIRIPHUN Nantaporn , CHALOUMSUK Nonglak
Published: November 2020

Diabetic erectile dysfunction (DED) is one of the most frequently occurring complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) in men, and past studies have usually overlooked the effect DED has on quality of life (QoL). The objectives of this study are to determine the prevalence of DED and to investigate QoL, and the factors that influence QoL, in Thai men who are living with DED. Five hundred and eighty-two Thai men living with diabetes who enrolled in the diabetic and general medical outpatient clinic at a tertiary hospital in the northern part of Thailand were surveyed to determine the prevalence of DED, as well as QoL and its influencing factors, for men living with DED. The average age of the men was 58.2 years old (±SD = 10.1, range = 34.3 - 80 years old). DED was found in 417 out of the 582 men (71.5 %). The International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) mean score was 17.03 (±SD = 3.47). The QoL was found to be at a moderate level (= 95.42 ±SD = 11.39). The QoL domains found to be at a good level were the psychological (= 23.84 ±SD = 3.42) and environmental domains (= 31.4 ±SD = 3.98), while domains found to be at a moderate level were the social relationships (= 10.77 ±SD = 1.93) and physical domains (= 24.9 ±SD = 3.13). The mean score of the QoL of men living with DED was lower than that of men without DED. The most important factor associated with poor QoL was severity of DED, while men who have a good QoL tend to have a higher education level and more frequent sexual intercourse (p < 0.05). The study showed that the prevalence of erectile dysfunction in Thai men living with DED was high. DED has a moderate impact on QoL, especially on the social relationship domain. The results suggest the importance of screening for DED in clinical settings for early detection of, and creating supportive strategies for treating men with, diabetes mellitus.
In vitro Phytochemical, Larvicidal and Antimicrobial Activities of Gum Arabic Extract
Authors: ALI Kauther Sir Elkhatim , SALIH Tanzeel Altaib Ali , DAFFALLA Hussien M.
Published: November 2020

The Gum Arabic of Acacia senegal (GA) has been reported to treat several diseases, such as kidney failure and cardiovascular and gastrointestinal disease. However, scarce investigation has been made into the phytoconstituents of GA. Obtained GA was macerated in water, then GA aqueous extract was subjected to phytochemical analysis using standard protocols and bioactivity screening by different procedures. Antimicrobial screening was performed using the cup-plate diffusion method against four bacterial strains and one fungi strain. The larvicidal activity was evaluated against the third instar of Culex quinquefasciatus. The phytochemical analysis showed that GA extract contains high amounts of saponins and alkaloids, moderate amounts of cardiac glycosides, and trace amounts of tannins. GA extract exhibited antimicrobial activity against the test organisms, with different zones of inhibition ranging 0 - 18 mm. The larvicidal activity showed significant perfection with increasing extract dose and exposure period with mortality up to 86.7 %. Results reveal that the crude extract of GA contains important biomolecules which has been proved to have substantial larvicidal and antimicrobial activities.
Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity and Inhibition of Tyrosinase Activity of Raphanus sativus var. caudatus Alef Extract
Authors: YONGPRADOEM Panadda , WEERAPREEYAKUL Natthida
Published: November 2020

This study was aimed to determine antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibition effects of the pod of Raphanus sativus L. var. caudatus Alef extract. The compounds consisted in the extracts were identified by HPLC from standard peak comparison. Pod was extracted by using 2 different solvents-dichloromethane (DCM) and water. The antioxidant activity was evaluated based on free radical scavenging (DPPH) activity and ferric reducing ability (FRAP) assay. The lightening effect was determined from the inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase in vitro. The results showed that DCM extract contained sulforaphene, protocatechuic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid, and ferulic acid.  The aqueous extract contained sulforaphene, protocatechuic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid, vanillic acid, and p-coumaric acid.  The DPPH· scavenging effect expressed as the IC50 values for DCM and aqueous extracts were 883.38 ± 22.9 and 1,160.49 ± 22.30 µg/mL, respectively. The reducing power of aqueous extract (218.27 ± 0.010 µM FeSO4 equivalent) was greater than DCM extract (166.34 ± 0.018 µM FeSO4 equivalent) at the same concentration (2,000 µg/mL).  However, both extracts showed lesser antioxidant activity than gallic acid, a positive control. DCM extract showed higher tyrosinase inhibitory effect than aqueous extract but lesser than kojic acid, a positive control. Both extracts at 2,000 µg/mL concentration exerted 42 and 19 % tyrosinase inhibition, respectively. In conclusion, the extraction solvent yielded different chemical constituents and thus the activities. The DCM extract exerted greater antioxidant activity and tyrosinase inhibition activity than the aqueous extract. The extract fractionation is required to get higher yields of bioactive compounds prior to further study and for cosmetics product development.
Potential Utilization of Low Quality Sweet Potato for Bioethanol Production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae TISTR5339
Authors: CHOOKLIN Supasit , NINUP-PATHAM Parichat , CHOOJIT Saovanee
Published: November 2020

This study was aimed to investigate the optimal condition of ethanol production that has 2 major stages: acid hydrolysis and fermentation processes. These processes came from low quality sweet potato (LQSP) which was destroyed by the sweet potato weevil. The main compositions of LQSP were starch and fiber which consist of 55.25 and 10.29 %, respectively. In this case, the starch can be hydrolyzed to reduce the sugar, followed by the fermentation of the reduced sugar to ethanol. For this experiment, the effecting factors on acid hydrolysis of LQSP and the ethanol fermentation condition were optimized by S. cerevisiae using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Box-Behnken design in order to maximize ethanol yield. It was found that the maximum reducing sugar concentration of 390.99 ± 5.35 g/L was obtained from the hydrolysis condition with 1 % (v/v) of sulfuric acid and 25 % (w/v) of LQSP. Accordingly, the effects of ammonium sulphate content (0.05 - 0.15 %), pH (4.5 - 5.5) and inoculum content (5 - 10 %) on ethanol production was determined by RSM using Box-Behnken experiment design with a total 17 sets of all trials. The results were found that the maximum experimental ethanol productivity of 5.98 g/L was obtained from the condition at 0.05 % of ammonium sulphate, pH 5.5 and 5.0 % of inoculum size to 90 mL LQSP based medium and incubated at 30 °C for 48 h. In addition, the scale-up of ethanol production was studied in 9 L fermenter which provided the maximum ethanol yield of 5.04 g/L. Therefore, it can be concluded that LQSP had a potential as a substrate for ethanol production.
Water Quality Measurements with a Simple Molecular Analysis (PCR-RFLP) of the Microbiome in a Metropolitan River System in Japan
Authors: NENENG Liswara , NUGROHO Rudy Agung , KOMAI Yukio , TAKAYAMA Naru , KAWAMURA Koji
Published: November 2020

Urbanization has affected natural freshwater environments by contamination with sewage, toxic chemicals, and excess nutrients, which cause algal bloom, pollution, and ecosystem degradation. To ensure sustainable use of natural waters, appropriate monitoring methods are required. This study aims to investigate the diversity of the microbial community in a metropolitan river system in Japan using a low-cost DNA-based approach, PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)-RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism), as a potential bioindicator of environmental change. Surface waters were sampled in seven sites in a river system. Water chemical parameters and concentrations of heavy metals were determined. Microbial DNA was extracted from the samples, ribosomal RNA was amplified with universal primers, and RFLP was scored by agarose gels. Water chemical analyses showed that surface water at the inflow point of a sewage treatment plant had signs of eutrophication. Heavy metal concentrations in surface water were low (< 0.01 ppm) in all sites. The PCR-RFLP analysis showed polymorphisms both in 16S and 18S rRNAs, indicating that the method can detect at least a part of the microbiome changes in a river system. Sequencing of some fragments found the sequence close to a ciliate isolated in wastewater treatment plants, implying contamination from sewage. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified the RFLPs associated with chemical water parameters, which could be bioindicators of environmental pollution. We also found the RFLPs independent of water quality parameters, suggesting that this simple DNA-based analysis can also detect biological changes in water ecosystems that are not quantified by chemical measurements of water quality.
Endosulfan Increases IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α Production in Pregnant Rats and Causes Fetal Brain Cell Apoptosis
Authors: ANDARINI Sri , MADJRI Asmika , SUJUTI Hidayat , ROMI Romi , PRATAMA Adi Surya , AZIS IIndra Jabbar , RIYU Elita , CATUR Tarbiyah , ARIADI Febri , MAHARANI Asri
Published: November 2020

Endosulfan is a persistent organic pollutant commonly used as an insecticide in Indonesia. It has been reported to cause teratogenic effects, i.e., to decrease humoral activity, produce inflammation, and induce apoptosis in various type of cells. This study investigated the effect of endosulfan on the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α in rats (Rattus norvegicus), as well as the incidence of fetal brain cell apoptosis. This experiment was carried out on pregnant rats divided into 4 groups: negative control (I), endosulfan: 1 mg/kg (II), 10 mg/kg (III), and 50 mg/kg (IV). The solution of endosulfan was given daily during the 20-day test period. Rat serum was collected for the measurement of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α using the ELISA kit. Fetal rat brains were taken and stained with Annexin V for apoptosis detection. The proinflammatory cytokine levels in Groups II, III, and IV were higher than in Group I, with significant increases of IL-1β (p = 0.016), IL-6 (p = 0.009), IL-17 (p < 0.001), and TNF-α (p < 0.001). The intensity of Annexin V in 4 groups of rats showed that the incidence of apoptosis increased with increasing endosulfan doses. In conclusion, the administration of endosulfan in pregnant rats increased the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, and TNF-α and triggered apoptosis in fetal brain cells.
Cryopreservation of Dendrobium cruentum Rchb. f. Seeds by D Cryo-plate and V Cryo-plate Techniques
Authors: PRASONGSOM Sasikarn , THAMMASIRI Kanchit , NARANGAJAVANA Jarunya , THITAMADEE Siripong , CHUENBOONNGARM Ngarmnij , PANVISAVAS Nathinee
Published: November 2020

Dendrobium cruentum Rchb. f. is a native Thai orchid species that has faced extinction because of its attractive characteristics. Consequently, conservation of this species is urgently needed. In this study, cryopreservation technique was applied to D. cruentum Rchb. f. seeds for long-term conservation. A successful protocol for D. cruentum Rchb. f. seed cryopreservation was developed by using D cryo-plate and V cryo-plate techniques. Seed viability was tested by TCC solution and 93.8 % of dyed seeds were shown. For cryo-plate technique, seeds were encapsulated over the cryo-plate by using 2 % (w/v) sodium alginate and polymerized with 100 mM CaCl2. Encapsulated seeds were desiccated by using a laminar airflow and PVS2 solution treatment with the same exposure time (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min). After cryopreservation, encapsulated seeds were cultured on modified VW agar medium. From the results, the maximum germination and regrowth percentage were observed; D cryo-plate technique with 60 min of dehydration time gave the highest germination (68.9 %) and regrowth (57.8 %). Thus, the excess of dehydration may cause the reduction of germination and plant regeneration. In conclusion, D cryo-plate technique proved to be appropriate for D. cruentum Rchb. f. seed cryopreservation.
Doenças do trabalho: africanos, enfermidades e médicos nas plantations, sudeste escravista (aproximações)
Authors: Viana Iamara da Silva , Gomes Flávio , Pimenta Tânia Salgado
Published: November 2020

A partir da década de 1990 se desenvolveram estudos históricos sobre doenças dos escravizados no Brasil com base em pesquisas sobre escravidão. Houve uma conexão entre estudos voltados para saúde e para escravidão, destacando-se as pesquisas sobre o pensamento médico sobre os africanos, a identificação das doenças, as práticas de cura e a assistência médica. Neste artigo analisamos as relações entre doenças e as condições de trabalho em áreas cafeeiras. Apresentando um panorama da historiografia, analisamos os impactos dos regimes de trabalho nos corpos dos trabalhadores africanos.
Size-segregated particle number and mass concentrations from different emission sources in urban Beijing
Authors: Cai Jing , Chu Biwu , Yao Lei , Yan Chao , Heikkinen Liine M. , Zheng Feixue , Li Chang , Fan Xiaolong , Zhang Shaojun , Yang Daoyuan , Wang Yonghong , Kokkonen Tom V. , Chan Tommy , Zhou Ying , Dada Lubna , Liu Yongchun , He Hong , Paasonen Pauli , Kujansuu Joni T. , Petäjä Tuukka , Mohr Claudia , Kangasluoma Juha , Bianchi Federico , Sun Yele , Croteau Philip L. , Worsnop Douglas R. , Kerminen Veli-Matti , Du Wei , Kulmala Markku , Daellenbach Kaspar R.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Although secondary particulate matter is reported to be the main
contributor of PM2.5 during haze in Chinese megacities,
primary particle emissions also affect particle concentrations. In
order to improve estimates of the contribution of primary sources to
the particle number and mass concentrations, we performed source
apportionment analyses using both chemical fingerprints and particle
size distributions measured at the same site in urban Beijing from
April to July 2018. Both methods resolved factors related to primary
emissions, including vehicular emissions and cooking emissions, which
together make up 76 % and 24 % of total particle number and
organic aerosol (OA) mass, respectively. Similar source types,
including particles related to vehicular emissions (1.6±1.1 µg m−3; 2.4±1.8×103 cm−3 and 5.5±2.8×103 cm−3
for two traffic-related components), cooking emissions (2.6±1.9 µg m−3 and 5.5±3.3×103 cm−3) and secondary aerosols (51±41 µg m−3 and 4.2±3.0×103 cm−3), were resolved by both methods. Converted mass
concentrations from particle size distributions components were
comparable with those from chemical fingerprints. Size distribution
source apportionment separated vehicular emissions into a component
with a mode diameter of 20 nm (“traffic-ultrafine”) and a
component with a mode diameter of 100 nm
(“traffic-fine”). Consistent with similar day- and nighttime diesel
vehicle PM2.5 emissions estimated for the Beijing area,
traffic-fine particles, hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA, traffic-related factor
resulting from source apportionment using chemical fingerprints) and
black carbon (BC) showed similar diurnal patterns, with higher
concentrations during the night and morning than during the afternoon
when the boundary layer is higher. Traffic-ultrafine particles showed
the highest concentrations during the rush-hour period, suggesting a
prominent role of local gasoline vehicle emissions. In the absence of
new particle formation, our results show that vehicular-related
emissions (14 % and 30 % for ultrafine and fine particles,
respectively) and cooking-activity-related emissions (32 %)
dominate the particle number concentration, while secondary particulate
matter (over 80 %) governs PM2.5 mass during the
non-heating season in Beijing.
The decline of alpine lichen heaths generates atmospheric heating but
subsurface cooling during the growing season
Authors: Aartsma Peter , Asplund Johan , Odland Arvid , Reinhardt Stefanie , Renssen Hans
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Lichen heaths are declining in abundance in alpine and arctic areas partly due to an increasing competition with shrubs. This shift in vegetation types might have important consequences for the microclimate and climate on a larger scale. The aim of our study is to measure the difference in microclimatic conditions between lichen heaths and shrub vegetation during the growing season. With a paired plot design, we measured the net radiation, soil heat flux, soil temperature, and soil moisture on an alpine mountain area in south Norway during the summer of 2018 and 2019. We determined that the daily net radiation of lichens was on average 3.15 MJ (26 %) lower than for shrubs during the growing season. This was mainly due to a higher albedo of the lichen heaths, but also due to a larger longwave radiation loss. Subsequently, we estimate that a shift from a lichen heath to shrub vegetation leads to an average increase in atmospheric heating of 3.35 MJ per day during the growing season. Surprisingly, the soil heat flux and soil temperature were higher below lichens than below shrubs during days with high air temperatures. This implies that the relatively high albedo of lichens does not lead to a cooler soil compared to shrubs during the growing season. We hypothesize that the thicker litter layer, the presence of soil shading, and a higher evapotranspiration rate at shrub vegetation are far more important factors in explaining the variation in soil temperature between lichens and shrubs. Our study shows that a shift from lichen heaths to shrub vegetation in alpine and arctic areas will lead to atmospheric heating, but has a cooling effect on the subsurface during the growing season, especially when air temperatures are relatively high.
Luminescence properties and dating of glacial to periglacial sediments from northern Switzerland
Authors: Mueller Daniela , Preusser Frank , Buechi Marius W. , Gegg Lukas , Deplazes Gaudenz
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Luminescence dating has become a pillar of the understanding of
Pleistocene glacial advances in the northern foreland of the Swiss Alps.
However, both quartz and feldspar from the region are equally challenging as
dosimeters with anomalous fading and partial bleaching being some of the
obstacles to overcome for the establishment of decisive chronologies. In
this study, luminescence properties of coarse- and fine-grained quartz,
feldspar, and polymineral fractions of eight samples from a palaeovalley,
Rinikerfeld in northern Switzerland, are systematically assessed. Standard
performance tests are conducted on all four fractions. Deconvolution of
luminescence signals of the quartz fractions is implemented and shows the
dominance of stable fast components. Reader-specific low preheat
temperatures are investigated on the infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL)
signal of feldspar. Thermal stability of this signal is found for low
preheats, and thermal quenching could be excluded for higher preheats.
However, anomalous fading is observed in the feldspar and polymineral IRSL
signals and two correction approaches are applied. For one approach, fading
corrected coarse-grained feldspar ages are consistent with those derived
from quartz. In general, coarse-grained quartz and feldspar, as well as the
fine-grained polymineral fraction of one sample, are in chrono-stratigraphic
agreement and present negligible evidence for partial bleaching. However,
ages derived from fine-grained quartz are found to underestimate those of
the coarse-grained quartz fractions. Hence, the impact of alpha efficiency
and water content on the dose rate and thus the ages are assessed. A
finite explanation for the observed discrepancies remains lacking, but this
systematic investigation of different luminescence signals allows for the
establishment of a chronology for the palaeovalley fill dating back to at
least Marine Isotope Stage 6 (MIS 6).
Design and Implementation of the Detection Software of Wireless
Microseismic Acquisition Station Based on Android Platform
Authors: Zhang Qimao , Qiao Shuaiqing , Zhang Qisheng , Liu Shiyang
Published: November 2020

Abstract. New energy acquisition devices are urgently required to address the increasing global energy consumption and increasing difficulty of energy exploitation. Devices for seismic exploration appear to be small in size, wireless and rapidly becoming more intelligent; hence, a traditional operating platform can no longer satisfy the demand of portable exploration device usage. This study investigates and develops hardware for a wireless microseismic acquisition station, then uses this hardware as a platform to address the distribution of wireless microseismic acquisition stations and deliver monitoring software based on the Android platform, which is portable, popular and has a large number of users. In large-scale field constructions, software can provide operators with visualised station layouts throughout the process, including positioning, ranging, angle measuring and network monitoring. It also offers a real-time network for monitoring small- and medium-sized microseismic acquisition station arrays under construction as well as other functions, such as intelligent control and real-time data monitoring of the status of the acquisition station. A drainage blast monitoring test is conducted on the system, showing positively monitored data and accurate results in the inverse operation. Moreover, the software and hardware are proven to be highly stable and portable through a post-construction test, which can help enhance the field construction efficiency.
Evaluation of a new snow albedo scheme for the Greenland ice sheet in the Regional Atmospheric Climate Model (RACMO2)
Authors: van Dalum Christiaan T. , van de Berg Willem Jan , Lhermitte Stef , van den Broeke Michiel R.
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Snow and ice albedo schemes in present-day climate models often lack a sophisticated radiation penetration scheme and do not explicitly include spectral albedo variations.
In this study, we evaluate a new snow albedo scheme in the Regional Atmospheric Climate Model (RACMO2) for the Greenland ice sheet, version 2.3p3, that includes these processes.
The new albedo scheme uses the Two-streAm Radiative TransfEr in Snow (TARTES) model and the Spectral-to-NarrOWBand ALbedo (SNOWBAL) module, version 1.2. Additionally, the bare-ice albedo parameterization has been updated. The snow and ice broadband and narrowband albedo output of the updated version of RACMO2 is evaluated using the Programme for Monitoring of the Greenland Ice Sheet (PROMICE) and Kangerlussuaq transect (K-transect) in situ data and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) remote-sensing observations. Generally, the modeled narrowband and broadband albedo is in very good agreement with satellite observations, leading to a negligible domain-averaged broadband albedo bias for the interior. Some discrepancies are, however, observed close to the ice margin. Compared to the previous model version, RACMO2.3p2, the broadband albedo is considerably higher in the bare-ice zone during the ablation season, as atmospheric conditions now alter the bare-ice broadband albedo. For most other regions, however, the updated broadband albedo is lower due to spectral effects, radiation penetration or enhanced snow metamorphism.
Assimilating near real-time mass balance observations into a model
ensemble using a particle filter
Authors: Landmann Johannes M. , Künsch Hans R. , Huss Matthias , Ogier Christophe , Kalisch Markus , Farinotti Daniel
Published: November 2020

Abstract. Glaciers fulfil important short-term functions like drinking water supply and they are important indicators of climate change. This is why the interest in near real-time mass balance nowcasting is high. Here, we address this interest and provide an evaluation of seven continuous observations of point mass balance based on on-line cameras transmitting images every 20 minutes on three Swiss glaciers during summer 2019. Like this, we read 352 near real-time daily point mass balances in total from the camera images, revealing melt rates of up to 0.12 meter water equivalent per day (m w.e. d−1) and the biggest total melt on the tongue of Findelgletscher with more than 5 m w.e. in 81 days. These observations are assimilated into an ensemble of three temperature index (TI) and one simplified energy balance mass balance models using an augmented particle filter with a custom resampling method. The state augmentation allows estimating model parameters over time. The custom resampling ensures that temporarily poorly performing models are kept in the ensemble instead of being removed during the resampling step of the particle filter. We analyse model performance over the observation period, and find that the model probability within the ensemble is highest on average with 58 % for an enhanced TI model, a simple TI model reaches about 19 %, while models incorporating additional energy fluxes have probabilities between 8 % and 15 %. When compared to reference forecasts produced with both mean model parameters and parameters tuned on single mass balance observations, the mass balances produced with the particle filter performs about equally well on the daily scale, but outperforms predictions of cumulative mass balance. The particle filter improves the performance scores of the reference forecasts by 91–97 % in these cases. A leave-one-out cross-validation on the individual glaciers shows that the particle filter is able to reproduce point observations at locations on the glacier where it was not calibrated, as the filtered mass balances do not deviate more than 8 % from the cumulative observations at the test locations. A comparison with glacier-wide annual mass balance by Glacier Monitoring Switzerland (GLAMOS) involving additional measurements distributed over the entire glacier, mostly show good agreement, but also deviations of up to 0.41 m w.e. for one instance.
”Det viktigaste är att växterna får leva och sånt”: en studie om att förebygga barns växtblindhet
Authors: Hammarsten Maria
Published: November 2020

Studien syftar till att bidra med en fördjupad förståelse av hur barns växtblindhet kan förebyggas genom en närstudie av hur barn uppfattar och använder en skogsträdgård. Det teoretiska ramverket utgår från barndomsforskning och dess antagande om det aktiva, sociala och kompetenta barnet. Studien omfattar 28 barn, varav majoriteten är 9 år, som medverkat via samtalspromenader med fotografering. Gibsons begrepp affordances har använts som analysverktyg. Analysen tar avstamp i de fotograferade företeelser som barnen anser är betydelsefulla, minnesvärda och speciella i skogsträdgården. Studiens resultat visar att växterna inklusive träd och buskar är framträdande företeelser genom de sinnliga, estetiska och emotionella affordances som de enligt barnens beskrivningar erbjuder. Denna studie indikerar att skogsträdgårdens miljö och skogsträdgårdspedagogernas edagogiska arbetssätt i olika miniprojekt med växter kan förebygga barns växtblindhet. Studiens slutsats är att det är dags att planera för att plantera i barns närliggande utomhusmiljö.
«Hva ser vi?» Om betydningen av den reflekterte observatør
Authors: Frønes Mona Halsaunet
Published: November 2020

Artikkelen omhandler betydningen av å være en bevisst og reflektert observatør til barns beste. Artikkelen presenterer og drøfter funn fra en ntervjuundersøkelse med tre barnehagelærere, hvor intervjuene satte søkelys på hvordan og hvorfor observasjon ble gjennomført i barnehagen. Et av punktene som diskuteres, er hvordan en ureflektert observasjonspraksis kan få negative konsekvenser for barns utviklingsmuligheter i barnehagen. Jeg diskuterer blant annet betydningen av å være reflektert i observasjonsarbeidet. Et spørsmål som stilles er hvilke muligheter observatøren har til å se og om observatøren ser det som forventes i en praksis preget av selektiv persepsjon. I artikkelen rettes et kritisk blikk på barnehagelærerens observasjonspraksis i en hverdag hvor det er stramme rammer rundt et observasjonsarbeid som ikke vektlegger refleksjon og samarbeid.
Evaluation of self-efficacy determinants in community-dwelling older adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain
Authors: Ziegler Flavia Gonçalves , Cabrera Marcos Aparecido Sarria , Almeida Aline Silva de , Alexandre Thaisa Morais , Pereira Amanda da Silva , Wesgueber Jessyca , Aoyagui Keila Mayumi
Published: November 2020

INTRODUCTION: Self-efficacy is defined as the strength of a person’s convictions in being able to perform a given activity and obtain the expected result. It may act as a potent mediator between chronic musculoskeletal pain and how older adults cope with their disabilities. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the determinants of self-efficacy beliefs and fear of physical exercise in community-dwelling older adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain. METHODS: This cross-sectional study recruited older adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Only individuals living in an urban area in southern Brazil and who reported pain for more than 3 months were included. A convenience sample was selected in a nonprobabilistic fashion. The study variables consisted of sociodemographic data; pain based on the Brief Pain Inventory and the Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs for Patients with Chronic Pain; and self-efficacy based on the Chronic Pain Self-Efficacy Scale. Also, simple questions were created for physical exercise beliefs. For statistical analysis, absolute and relative frequency, χ2 test, and Mann-Whitney U test were used as appropriate. RESULTS: The sample consisted of 193 older adults, mostly women with low level of education. Self-efficacy was best rated by older adults living alone and by those who were classified as exclusively nociceptive pain. CONCLUSION: Despite having chronic pain, older adults with higher self-efficacy feel confident in performing their tasks and have greater ability to cope with changes related to aging and to engage in self-care.
Effects of exergames and resistance training on well-being in older adults: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Meneghini Vandrize , Hauser Eduardo , Lourenço Camilo Luis Monteiro , Barbosa Aline Rodrigues
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of an exergame-based training compared to resistance training on the quality of life and symptoms of depression in older adults. METHODS: This was a two-arm, non-blinded, randomized clinical trial. Thirty-five participants (62.09 ± 7.11 years) were randomized either on the Exergame-based Training Group (n = 17) or the Resistance Training Group (n = 18). Sessions lasted 50 to 60 minutes, three times per week, for 13 weeks. For the Exergame-based Training Group, we used games that simulate sports and adventure activities through Xbox360 Kinect™. The Resistance Training Group performed ten exercises per session for upper and lower limbs using free weights and machines, following linear periodization and individualized loads. Quality of life and symptoms of depression were assessed using the World Health Organization Quality of Life assessment - an abbreviated version (WHOQOL-BREF) and the Geriatric Depression Scale, respectively. We performed a two-way analysis of variance (p ≤ 0.05). RESULTS: Only time effects were identified for overall quality of life, general health, and symptoms of depression. After the intervention, overall quality of life score increased (3.82 ± 0.95 versus 4.18 ± 0.53, p = 0.05), whereas symptoms of depression decreased (3.35 ± 1.73 versus 2.59 ± 1.54, p = 0.02) in the Exergame-based Training Group, and the general health improved in the Resistance Training Group (3.78 ± 0.81 versus 4.11 ± 0.68, p = 0.05) compared with the baseline scores. CONCLUSION: Both training groups improved different aspects of quality of life. The Exergaming-based Training Group improved the overall perception, whereas the Resistance Training Group improved the general health-related perception. Participants in the Exergame-based Training Group also decreased the number of symptoms of depression.
Cardiovascular drug labeling: Do they have information on necessary precautions for older people?
Authors: Marques Lucas Oliveira , Vasconcelos Roberta Coutinho , Baldoni André Oliveira , Pestana Ana Cristina Nogueira Rodrigues , Chequer Farah Maria Drumond
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the existence of information on drug labeling intended for health professionals on the precaution of cardiovascular drugs use in older people. METHODS: This is a documentary study, carried out with the analysis of data contained in drug labelings. The existence of information on precautions in the use of drugs for older people as described in the 2016 Brazilian Consensus on Potentially Inappropriate Drugs for Older People (Consenso Brasileiro de Medicamentos Potencialmente Inapropriados para Idosos de 2016). RESULTS: Of the 29 drugs belonging to the cardiovascular system group that should be avoided by older people and are available in Brazil, 15 are independent of the clinical condition. Of these fifteen, only three drugs (20%) have explicit information in accordance with the Consensus (methyldopa, digoxin, and spironolactone); two (13.33%) have missing explicit information; four (26.66%) have explicitly discordant information; and six drug labels (40%) were categorized as non-explicit information. Regarding drug precautions according to clinical condition, 14 drugs were included. Of these, 12 (85.71%) have equal contraindications of that of Consensus on their drug labels, however, non-explicit; and two (14.28%) contraindications are missing. CONCLUSION: Most drug labels lack information on the precautions for the use of drugs in older people.
Teaching geriatrics during the COVID-19 pandemic: experience of a brazilian medical school
Authors: Saraiva Marcos Daniel , Gorzoni Milton Luiz
Published: November 2020

INTRODUCTION: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the discipline of geriatrics at the Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences of São Paulo was adapted to a web-based learning environment due to social distancing measures. OBJECTIVE: To describe the full adaptation of the discipline of geriatrics to a web-based learning tool, of two activities that were developed including the current COVID-19 to illustrate some of the main concepts of geriatric medicine. METHODS: The course was fully adapted to the open-source course management system called MOODLE. The first activity was a COVID-19 clinical case discussion, whose main objective was to include COVID-19 in the content of our course, illustrating some of the main concepts of geriatrics. The second activity was a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) experience, done via videoconference, which also assessed the impact of social distancing measures on the health of older adults. RESULTS: A total of 43 medical students performed both activities, and 95% of the students considered the inclusion of the COVID-19 into the discipline of geriatrics useful, 88% approved the practical experience of CGA, and 84% felt that they contributed to the health of the interviewees after contact. CONCLUSION: Adapting our discipline to a web-based learning tool, while including the current COVID-19 in our course content and a practical experience of CGA via videoconference was possible and approved by students. The adoption of this initiative may not only be an academic strategy, but also a possible way to improve the quality of life of older people during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Frequency, acceptability, and selection: A case study of clause-embedding
Authors: White Aaron Steven , Rawlins Kyle
Published: November 2020

We investigate the relationship between the frequency with which verbs are found in particular subcategorization frames and the acceptability of those verbs in those frames, focusing in particular on subordinate clause-taking verbs, such as think, want, and tell. We show that verbs’ subcategorization frame frequency distributions are poor predictors of their acceptability in those frames—explaining, at best, less than ⅓ of the total information about acceptability across the lexicon—and, further, that common matrix factorization techniques used to model the acquisition of verbs’ acceptability in subcategorization frames fare only marginally better.
Constitucionalismo Digital e Jurisdição Constitucional: uma agenda de pesquisa para o caso brasileiro
Authors: Ferreira Mendes Gilmar , Oliveira Fernandes Victor
Published: November 2020

O artigo discute como princípios atribuídos ao Constitucionalismo Digital podem influenciar o controle de constitucionalidade de legislações como o Marco Civil da Internet. O texto sustenta que uma transformação teórica da jurisdição constitucional brasileira voltada à proteção de direitos fundamentais no ciberespaço requer (i) a redefinição da perspectiva tradicional de teoria da eficácia horizontal dos direitos fundamentais e ainda (ii) a abertura do controle de constitucionalidade à compreensão do fenômeno de re-territorialização da internet. Essas possibilidades são examinadas a partir das discussões acerca da responsabilidade dos intermediários on-line e da obtenção judicial de dados digitais por acordos MLAT.
Freudenthal fantasy on the bus, an American adaptation
Authors: Kerekes Judit , Jakab Tünde
Published: November 2020

In the 1960’s two mathematicians, Hans Freudenthal in the Netherlands and Tamás Varga in Hungary, had argued that people learn mathematics by being actively involved and investigating realistic mathematical problems. Their method lives on in today’s teaching and learning through the various components of cooperative and active learning, by taking ownership in learning, and learning through student dialogue. The goal is to create a welcoming classroom atmosphere in which play takes the front seat. One such scenario is visiting various (animal) stations at the zoo by bus (illustrated by pictures). Passengers are getting on and off the bus at each station (illustrated by arrows), which is modeled on the open number line. This adapted and modified action research was carried out with 5-yearl-old children in public schools of Staten Island, NY in 2019.

Subject Classification: 97D40, 97F20, 97F30
Better understanding mathematics by algorithmic thinking and computer programming
Authors: Fried Katalin , Fekete István , Princz Péter
Published: November 2020

Tamás Varga’s mathematics education experiment covered not just mathematics, but also other related topics. In many of his works he clearly stated that computer science can support the understanding of mathematics as much as mathematics supports informatics. On the other hand, not much later than the introduction of the new curriculum in 1978, personal computers started to spread, making it possible to teach informatics in classes and in extracurricular activities. Varga’s guided discovery approach has a didactic value for other age groups as well, not only in primary school. Its long-lasting effect can be observed even in present times. Having reviewed several educational results in the spirit of Tamás Varga, we have decided to present an extracurricular course. It is an open study group for age 12-18. Students solve problems by developing Python programs and, according to our experiences, this results in a deeper understanding of mathematical concepts.

Subject Classification: 97B10, 97B20, 97D50, 97N80, 97P20, 97P30, 97P40, 97P50, 97U70
Bouwbesluit 2012 en Bbl: bouwen op een duurzaam fundament
Authors: Franken A. (Anneke) , Koolen H. (Hans)
Published: November 2020

Bouwbesluit 2012 en Bbl: bouwen op een duurzaam fundament

In dit artikel wordt het juridisch kader van de belangrijkste aspecten van het Bouwbesluit 2012 (Bb) gegeven. In het artikel gaan auteurs in op de oorsprong en grondslag van het Bb (par. 2), de hoofdstukindeling, de begrippen en de verschillende gebruiksfuncties in het Bb (par. 3), de (minimum)eisen en de beschermingsniveaus (par. 4), het instrument gebruiksmelding (par. 5), de mogelijkheden van een gelijkwaardige oplossing (par. 6), de opbouw en systematiek van de functionele eisen en de prestatie-eisen (par. 7), bouw- en sloopwerkzaamheden in het Bb (par. 8), handhaving (par. 9), overgangsrecht (par. 10) en de verhouding tot de Wabo en de Wet kwaliteitsborging voor het bouwen (par. 11). Ook wordt ingegaan op de toekomst van het Bb onder de Omgevingswet (par. 12).