bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Alocação Eficiente de vBBUs e VPONs em uma Arquitetura Cloud-Fog RAN Virtualizada sobre TWDM-PON
Authors: Tinini Rodrigo Izidoro , Santos Matias R. P. dos , Kamienski Carlos , Figueiredo Gustavo Bittencourt , Batista Daniel Macêdo
Published: January 2022

Para diminuir a latência e o consumo de energia em redes 5G, operadores têm adotado a arquitetura Cloud Radio Access Networks (CRAN) com um fronthaul TWDM-PON. Apesar de reduzir o consumo de energia, a carga de dados no fronthaul da CRAN é alta, podendo aumentar as latências e diminuir a cobertura da rede. Assim, neste artigo, consideramos a arquitetura Cloud-Fog RAN (CF-RAN), que usa fog nodes para diminuir a carga do fronthaul. Para esta arquitetura, nós propomos uma heurística baseada em grafos que dinamicamente ativa fog nodes e dimensiona a banda do fronthaul. A proposta provê soluções ótimas de um ILP, é capaz de mitigar a probabilidade de bloqueio e reduz o consumo de energia em até 58% em comparação com heurísticas base.
Estratégia de Priorização para Alocação de Núcleo e Espectro em Redes Ópticas Elásticas SDM
Authors: Costa Ismael A. , Lacerda Jr Jurandir C. , Soares André C. B.
Published: January 2022

A técnica de Multiplexação por Divisão Espacial (SDM) expande as possibilidades de transmissão de dados em Redes Ópticas Elásticas (EON), utilizando ﬁbras Multi-Núcleo. Ao utilizar mais de um núcleo no mesmo enlace pode ocorrer o problema do crosstalk. Este artigo propõe o algoritmo de Priorização de Grupos de Núcleos e Intervalos de Espectro (PGNIE) para reduzir o problema do crosstalk. A proposta evita alocar em slots já ocupados nos núcleos próximos. Em relação a estratégias existentes em outros trabalhos da mesma área o algoritmo obteve uma diminuição na probabilidade de bloqueio de circuito em pelo menos 70,32%, e uma melhora na probabilidade de bloqueio de banda em pelo menos 71,70%.
Resumo de Grandes Volumes de Dados com Filtro de Bloom: Uma Abordagem Eficiente para Aprendizado Profundo com Redes Neurais Convolucionais em Fluxos de Rede
Authors: Lopez Martin Andreoni , Mattos Diogo M. F.
Published: January 2022

Este artigo propõe a aplicação de ﬁltros de Bloom para a geração de resumos de dados bidimensionais a partir de ﬂuxos em uma janela de uso da rede formando um mapa de bits. Após a geração dos resumos, o artigo aplica o aprendizado profundo, composto por camadas de rede neural convolucional, para a segmentação do mapa de bits. A segmentação do mapa de bits é uma tarefa da visão computacional que é eﬁcientemente provida por redes neurais convolucionais. As principais contribuições do artigo são (i) a proposta de uma técnica de resumo bidimensional de dados em uma janela de ﬂuxos através de ﬁltros de Bloom; (ii) a aplicação do aprendizado profundo com redes neurais convolucionais em ﬂuxos de redes e (iii) a execução otimizada da proposta em unidades de processamento gráﬁco (GPU). A proposta é avaliada sobre um conjunto de dados real de um provedor de acesso de banda larga e os resultados demonstram a eﬁciência dos ﬁltros usados e a precisão superior a 0,90 do aprendizado profundo com treinamento incremental.
Zivilgesellschaft liche Beratung und digitale Rechtsdienst leistungen – alte und neue Anwälte schwacher Interessen ?
Authors: Schillen Philip , Apitzsch Birgit , Rehder Britta , Vogel Berthold
Published: January 2022

Kommerzielle digitale Rechtsdienstleister, die den Bürger*innen über sogenannte Legal Technologies Rechtsberatung und -durchsetzung anbieten, haben sich in verschiedenen Politikfeldern etabliert – auch im Sozialrecht, beispielsweise bei Klagen gegen Hartz-IV-Bescheide oder in den Bereichen Altersversorgung und Gesundheit. Dabei treten viele Anbieter mit dem expliziten Anspruch auf, schwachen Interessen zu ihrem Recht zu verhelfen, die anderweitig kaum durchsetzungsmächtig wären. Mit ihrem Geschäftsmodell betreten die neuen Akteure ein Politikfeld, in dem bereits zahlreiche zivilgesellschaftliche und verbandliche Angebote zur Rechtsberatung und Rechtsdurchsetzung existieren. Vor diesem Hintergrund beschäftigt sich der Aufsatz auf der Basis empirischer Forschungen mit den Selbstbeschreibungen der verschiedenen Akteurstypen als „Advokat der Schwachen“. Mit diesem Vergleich geraten neben der Frage, wie mit den verschiedenen Angeboten strukturell benachteiligten Personengruppen ermöglicht wird, ihre Rechte niedrigschwellig und kostengünstig geltend zu machen, auch Fragen der sozialpolitischen Wirksamkeit und des Beratungsansatzes in den Blick.
Die Architektur der Lebenswelt
Authors: Arnold Florian
Published: January 2022

According to an old view the world as such does not exist. That's why we had to invent it, over and over again, in order to be able to live in it. Behind the problem of habituation lies the world we live in, a construction of self-evident things, however which in itself remains essentially opaque. Blumenberg's philosophical anthropology reconstructs this being-in-the-world as the ongoing process of a conceptual self-habitation: the path of human development leads from the primeval forests via the savannahs and caves to the first houses, the end of which development once seemed to be marked by a firmly established architectonics of reason. However, as we are bound to experience in the wilderness of digitalization, this abode was not to be permanent, for homemade reasons. Did we drive ourselves out of the world or did we fall into the trap of our own world designs?
Inquiry-Based Fieldwork as Pedagogy for Exploring the World of Gendered Toys and Children’s Clothes
Authors: Odhiambo Calvin
Published: January 2022

Through the use of a class activity where students survey children’s toy and clothing department stores, this chapter examines the use of inquiry-based fieldwork as pedagogy for exploring issues of gender socialization and gender inequality. This chapter starts with a discussion of the literature on inquiry-based teaching and learning, then it discusses how to conduct an effective inquiry-based fieldwork. This is followed by a description of an application of this pedagogy in an Introduction to Sociology class, including the procedures, findings, and analysis, then situates these observations and findings within the existing literature on inequality and learning. The paper then concludes with an evaluation of the effectiveness of this pedagogy, and suggestions to instructors who may consider using this pedagogy.
Salt Stress and Plant Molecular Responses
Authors: Khalid Chaudhry Usman , Neslihan Öztürk Gökçe Zahide , Fuat Gökçe Ali
Published: January 2022

Plants being sessile suffer from several abiotic stresses during growth. These include drought, salinity, heavy metal, temperature, and nutrient stress. Salt stress is one of the devastating abiotic stresses that plant suffers under natural growth conditions. It is more common in arid regions due to excessive evaporation, which causes the accumulation of inorganic salts disrupting the plant metabolism. It also triggers the influence of drought stress, as plants are unable to absorb water. Additionally, it also causes oxidative stress in plant tissues. Thereby, plant adaptation to salt stress, rely on signals and pathways that help plant in establishing cellular ionic and osmotic homeostasis. Stress-responsive transcription factors play crucial roles in the regulation of gene expression in responses to salt stress. Moreover, genome editing has gained much attention for the engineering of traits for the better adaptation of plants to salt stress. This chapter elucidated the plant\'s physio-biochemical responses and molecular mechanisms to salt stress.
Minimally Invasive Aortic Valve Surgery
Authors: Djordjevic Anze , Knez Igor
Published: January 2022

Minimally invasive aortic valve surgery by definition means performing procedures through alternative approaches without the need to divide the sternum completely. Even though this contributes towards lowering the mortality and morbidity of patients, minimally invasive techniques have to be tailored to the unique patient as well as surgeon characteristics. With the advancements made in invasive cardiology techniques, the line between invasive cardiology and minimally invasive cardiac surgery is becoming thinner and thinner. We are presenting state-of-the-art techniques and outcomes for surgical aortic valve replacement via upper mini-sternotomy or anterior right mini-thoracotomy. In addition, aortic valve repair and valve-sparing procedures through a minimally invasive approach are discussed.
No Sustainability without Planning for It: Scope and Dimensions for Sustainable Rural Planning in Zimbabwe
Authors: Chirisa Innocent , Matai Jeofrey , Mutambisi Tafadzwa
Published: January 2022

This chapter explores and discusses the instrumentality of planning in the pursuit of rural sustainability using Zimbabwe as a case study. This is against the background that there is a growing bias towards urban areas in terms of planning for sustainability even though there are still more people living in rural places than in urban areas and that urban areas largely depend on rural areas for resources. The chapter argues that sustainability in rural areas is a function of deliberate planning. It engages the qualitative research approach, making use of document reviews and key informant interviews as data collection instruments. It is revealed that sustainability in rural Zimbabwe can remain a pie in the sky if the current approaches to planning are not revisited. Sustainability being plural and multidimensional concept, planning for it requires a multi-stakeholder approach, transcending rural and urban areas, the public and private sector, civic organisations and the rural communities as well as strong institutional arrangements that provide for transparent governance.
Endoscopic Approach to Ectopic Pregnancy
Authors: Rosales-Ortiz Sergio , Na Shieli Barrón Martínez Tammy , Augusto De La Cruz Vázquez Carlos , Fugarolas Marín José , Vega León Alejandra , Márquez-Acosta Janeth , Santacruz Baez Smarth , Apolo Aguado Pérez Rogelio
Published: January 2022

Minimally invasive surgery is an option in the management of ectopic pregnancy, it may be rupture, not rupture, or complement of medical treatment. In addition to the known advantages of endoscopic surgery in the field of obstetrics, it allows better conservative management of the fallopian tube and ovaries, allowing a better reproductive prognosis. The surgical technique to be performed of the clinical findings, the hemodynamic status, and the anatomical location of the ectopic pregnancy. Salpingectomy is performed in the ruptured ectopic pregnancy, assessing the integrity of the contralateral salpinge. Linear salpingostomy is performed on unbroken ectopic pregnancy preserving the fallopian tube, in the literature, this technique has reported maintenance of the fertility rate. In case of a cervical or niche ectopic pregnancy, resectoscopy is recommended.
Preisach Hysteresis Model – Some Applications in Electrical Engineering
Authors: Bermúdez Alfredo , Gómez Dolores , Venegas Pablo
Published: January 2022

In this chapter we recall the well-known hysteresis Preisach model, widely employed in the area of magnetism. Some applications of this model in electrical engineering are also described, with a specific focus on the estimation of electromagnetic losses in electrical machines, the simulation of magnetization-demagnetization processes arising in magnetic particle inspection, and the mathematical modeling of batteries for electric vehicles.
Dottrina del carattere e conoscenza di sé. Il giovane Nietzsche interprete di Schopenhauer a partire dai Beiträge zur Charakterologie di J. Bahnsen.
Authors: Apollonio Simona
Published: January 2022

Il presente saggio mette in evidenza come i Beiträge zur Charakterologie (1867) di Bahnsen abbiano rappresentato un primo filtro interpretativo per la ricezione in Nietzsche di alcuni importanti temi della filosofia di Schopenhauer. Il giovane Nietzsche condivide non solo la critica di Bahnsen al radicale dualismo posto da Schopenhauer tra volontà e intelletto, ma anche la tesi che le inclinazioni intellettuali derivino dalla peculiarità del carattere individuale. Le osservazioni di Bahnsen sulla dottrina del carattere di Schopenhauer rappresentano la chiave interpretativa con cui Nietzsche spiega la sua adesione alla filosofia di Schopenhauer. Dal punto di vista di Nietzsche l’affinità con Schopenhauer è prova di un carattere incapace di soddisfare il suo bisogno metafisico attraverso il ricorso alla religione. Nietzsche concorda anche con Bahnsen sul fatto che l'eccessiva auto-riflessione inibisca l'azione e l'espressione autentica del carattere individuale e, di conseguenza, che la voce dell'istinto sia preferibile alla guida dell'intelletto.
Religion and Ethics in Schopenhauer
Authors: Ito Takao
Published: January 2022

Schopenhauer’s theory of religion is mainly discussed in his ethics. Therefore, conventional studies often argue that Schopenhauer made an attempt to make a rational justification of religion through the process of recognising the reason for religion’s existence in its ethical values. However, his theory of religion contains other aspects which cannot be discussed soley in terms of the above view, for he not only observed subtle differences between religion and ethics but even considered that religion could go against ethics at times. For this reason, we cannot simply say that Schopenhauer used ethics as a means to make a rational justification of religion. Rather, he viewed ethics as a standard for criticising religions, though he did not deny religion. He neither affirmed nor denied religion. Based on his ethics, he simply engaged in a philosophical analysis of a human activity called religion as he considered such an approach to be the appropriate one for a philosopher. On that account, what is important here is where in religion Schopenhauer saw the conditions for ethical values. From that point of view, this paper reinterprets his thought through descriptions in his major work, The World as Will and Representation, with an intention to offer a new reading of Schopenhauer’s  theory of religion.
Unity and universality in Schopenhauer's spherical cosmology
Authors: Corrêa da Silva Luan
Published: January 2022

The purpose of this speech is to present the philosophical image of the sphere, used by Schopenhauer, as a privileged hermeneutic resource for the understanding of his metaphysics and cosmology. With this image, it is possible to articulate a set of logically contradictory conceptual oppositions, such as uno/multiple, universal/particular, whole/part, eternal/temporal, rest/movement, presented by the philosopher in the terms “will” and “representation”. Concretely, it is about understanding the difficult interaction between the micro and macrocosm of nature, as well as the relationship between the interiority of self-consciousness and the exterior and empirical one, in the individual. With recourse to the sphere, it becomes possible to understand, finally, the philosophical thesis that articulates, in terms of irreducible perspectives of the same world, the “metaphysical identity of the will” with the “plurality of its appearances”.
Prenatal and perinatal risk factors for allergic disease development
Authors: Filipović Đorđe , Filipović Ivana , Lacković Milan , Mihajlović Slađana
Published: January 2022

For allergic diseases to develop, three components must be present: heredity, allergen contact and environmental factors. Allergic diseases are the most common chronic diseases in children and adolescents. This paper aims to present the latest findings on prenatal and perinatal risk factors for the development of atopic disease. The analysis was conducted by researching papers from the MEDLINE and PubMed databases published before September 2021. It has been determined that a mother's immune system during pregnancy plays a key role in the development of the fetus and affects the overall well-being of her offspring later in life. Immune dysregulation during the gestation period is proven to be associated with adverse maternal, fetal and neonatal outcomes. Contrary to the long-established belief that amniotic fluid is a sterile medium, it is now known that the fetus receives its first dose of probiotics by swallowing amniotic fluid. In connection with that, the microbiota of the mother greatly affects the microbiome of the newborn. Premature birth, cesarean delivery, intrapartum administration of antibiotics and other drugs can all harm the formation of the baby's microbiome. Understanding the importance of environmental factors in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases as well as the old hygiene hypothesis concept in the light of microbial disorders, it is clear that all previously mentioned parameters can have a very important impact on the development of allergic diseases in children.
Influence of emotion distribution and classification on a call processing for an emergency call center
Authors: Bojanić Milana , Delić Vlado , Karpov Alexey
Published: January 2022

The article addresses the influence of two aspects on speech emotion recognition utilization for an emergency call center: a frequency of a caller experiencing certain emotional state and classification methods used for speech emotion recognition. In situations when more simultaneous calls in an emergency call center are received, the aim is to detect more urgent callers, e.g. in a life threating situation, and give them priority in a callers' queue. Three different emotion distributions based on the corpora from real-world emergency call centers are considered. The influence of those emotion distributions on the proposed call redistribution and subsequent time savings are reported and discussed. Regarding speech emotion classification, two approaches are presented, namely the linear Bayes classifier and a multilayer perceptron-based neural network. Their recognition results on the corpus of acted emotional Serbian speech are presented and potential application in an emergency call center is discussed.
Nuevos escenarios en la gestión de eventos tras el COVID-19 desde la perspectiva operativa.
Authors: Moreno Clemente Carlos
Published: January 2022

La pandemia provocada por el coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 ha derivado en una situación nueva para el sector de los eventos, derivando en una brusca interrupción de su actividad. Durante los últimos meses, gracias a los ensayos y pruebas piloto que se han realizado internacionalmente, se han identificado medidas y acciones a implementar por parte de los organizadores de eventos para poder garantizar una reducción del riesgo por contagio. El presente artículo analiza la situación sobrevenida al sector y presenta una serie de conclusiones basadas en los estudios previos en materia de seguridad en eventos y en los recientes ensayos realizados, planteando nuevos escenarios con acciones operativas a considerar en los eventos futuros, en pro de reforzar la seguridad y la prevención.
Blogs en pandemia: protocolo y eventos durante el estado de alarma
Authors: GOMEZ REQUEJO MARIA
Published: January 2022

El presente estudio analiza impacto de la situación sanitaria en la temática de los posts publicados en los blogs de protocolo y eventos, durante el periodo que media entre el 14 de marzo de 2020 y el 9 de mayo de 2021, meses en los que en España ha estado en vigor el estado de alarma debido a la pandemia de COVID-19. 

La pandemia y sus fases han cambiado las reglas de juego habituales en la organización de eventos y han repercutido en el protocolo. ¿En qué medida las publicaciones han reflejado estos cambios? y ¿cómo ha evolucionado el contenido de los posts que publican los blogueros de protocolo y eventos durante la pandemia?
El verso libre en Blas de Otero: libertad y teoría poética
Authors: Moreno Escamilla Ezequiel
Published: January 2022

El uso del verso libre en la obra del poeta social Blas de Otero (1916-1979) es decisivo en su quehacer literario por cuanto supone el vehículo idóneo para conseguir una palabra más popular y llana una vez se abandona la corriente existencialista de sus primeros libros. Sin embargo, tras este giro formal y temático, el autor comienza una nueva fase poética que, queriendo reunir el espacio individual y el de la inmensa mayoría, sea capaz de representar la realidad que circunda al poeta, la vida, que acabará conformando un concepto determinante. Con este propósito, la liberación progresiva de su escritura, que desciende incluso a la práctica de la prosa, halla en el versolibrismo su expresión definitiva. Aunque no se logre de forma sistemática un verso libre ajeno a la métrica tradicional, la obra final de Otero (1968-1977) está imbuida de los beneficios teóricos, prácticos y expresivos de esta forma poética.
“Refranes o proverbios en romance” de Hernán Núñez (II): traducción, equivalencia y fraseometría de los refranes gallegos y catalanes
Authors: Pla Colomer Francisco Pedro
Published: January 2022

La paremia, en tanto estructura lingüística cercana al verso, es campo de estudio fecundo para examinar los patrones orales que configuran las expresiones fijas de una lengua dada. Desde esta perspectiva, la presente investigación tiene como finalidad el estudio del ritmo, metro y rima de los refranes gallegos y catalanes y sus correspondencias castellanas en la compilación póstuma de Hernán Núñez, a saber, los Refranes o proverbios en romance (1555). En este caso, se aborda el análisis sistemático de aquellas unidades que presentan una forma traducida al castellano para, de este modo, describir las características principales de este refranero impreso multilingüe.
Rodrigo Olay Valdés. “El endecasílabo blanco: la apuesta por la renovación poética de G. M. de Jovellanos”. Oviedo, Instituto Feijoo de Estudios del Siglo XVIII, 2020.
Authors: Moreno Pedrosa Joaquín
Published: January 2022

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Clase social y acceso a la universidad
Authors: Villar Aguilés Alícia , Hernàndez Dobon Francesc J.
Published: January 2022

La universidad es una institución que tiene más de ocho siglos de antigüedad. En la mayor parte de su historia, si no en toda, favoreció la desigualdad de género y de etnia, excluyendo durante siglos a las mujeres y a las minorías étnicas y relegándolas más recientemente a posiciones subalternas. Este artículo se centra en la desigualdad de clases sociales, que lógicamente intersecta con las otras.
The university is an institution that is more than eight centuries old. For most of its history, if not all, it favored gender and ethnic inequality, excluding women and ethnic minorities for centuries and relegating them more recently to subordinate positions. This article focuses on the inequality of social classes, which logically intersects with the others.
Inclusiveness of labor and civil service activities in the EAEU member-states
Authors: Girfanova Arina Radikovna
Published: January 2022

Leaning on the analysis of the normative legal framework for facilitating the employment of persons with health limitations in the EAEU member-states, this article examines the mechanism of inclusion the disabled in civil service. The goal of this research lies in determination of trends and range of problems, search for successful cases, as well as objectification of possible prospects for the development of inclusiveness in terms of civil service relations. The author dwells on the existing legislation that regulates labor relations, social security, and public service; as well as the empirical data that allow forming a holistic representation on the situation in this sphere. The novelty of this work lies the assessment of current state and outlining the possibilities for inclusion of persons with disabilities in civil service of the group of post-Soviet countries. Refutation of the practice of assignment of quotas in civil service in the EAEU member-states does not entail the search for other options for development of inclusiveness of civil service relations. The conclusion is made that the solution to the problem of inclusiveness in civil service consists in the fundamental revision of the approach towards implementation of the policy of economic inclusion of persons with health limitations.
Evolution of foreign policy priorities of the Western Balkan countries in the context of their European and Euro-Atlantic
Authors: Echimovich Mariana , Danilov Vitaliy Alekseevich , Mardonova Zarina Fazlitdinovna , Karpukhin Maxim Kirillovich
Published: January 2022

This article traces the evolution of foreign policy priorities of the Western Balkan countries in the context of their European and Euro-Atlantic integration over the period from the mid-1990s to 2020. The key goal lies in the analysis of formation and development of the European and Euro-Atlantic vectors in foreign policy of the Western Balkans. The relevance of the selected topic is defined by fact that all Western Balkan countries are somehow involved in the European and Euro-Atlantic integration processes, which prompts transformations in their home and foreign policy. In post-Cold War era, the Western Balkans depart from their foreign policy course, which they have followed since the end of the World War II. The conflicts that were related to dissolution of Yugoslavia underline the expansion of influence of the North Atlantic Alliance as the major “peacekeeper”, and the European Union, which took on the role of post-conflict settlement. In the under their influence. Tracing the evolution of foreign policy priorities of the Western Balkans within the framework of their European and Euro-Atlantic integration defines the scientific novelty of this research. The acquired conclusions can be implemented in theoretical and practical activity. The article explores the regional initiatives of NATO and EU, which were aimed at stabilization of the Western Balkan region through transformation of state and social institutions, development of interstate cooperation, and involvement in regional integration processes. For determination of the role of the European Union and NATO in foreign policy of the Western Balkans, the author analyzed the doctrinal documents of the Western Balkan countries, which highlighted the priority of European and Euro-Atlantic vector.
Peculiarities of formation of students’ competences in the sphere of radio communication during their study at the specialization “work of local police officers”
Authors: Baumtrog Viktor Etmontovich
Published: January 2022

The article contains the author’s technique of formation of radio communication skills during the process of local police officers training within the practical lessons in the discipline “Special technique of internal affairs bodies”. This technique helps to form necessary competences in the sphere of service radio communication with minimum participation of a teacher in the process of radio communication. The research contains samples of educational materials (procedure charts, radio communication control charts for the operator of the main communication station, a radio communication control chart for the teacher), necessary for a lesson. The author considers the knowledge assessment criteria for the section “Means of communication of internal affairs bodies”, related to radio communication. The topicality of the research is determined by the necessity to form stable skills of using service radio communication and radio exchange during the local police officers service. The author emphasizes that pedagogical literature doesn’t cover this issue.  The scientific novelty of the research consists in the development of the author’s technique of formation of practical skills of radio communication within the educational process preparing the future local police officers. The technique contains the action plan for a teacher, the samples of educational materials, and knowledge assessment criteria, and helps to effectively form radio communication competences of students. The main approaches of this research can be used for other specializations.   
The institution of testament in emergency circumstances as the atypical form of expression of will of the testator: relevant issues of law enforcement
Authors: Vronskaya Mariya Vladimirovna , Maslyuk Pavel Maksimovich
Published: January 2022

Succession law implies several types of testament, one of which is the testament in emergency circumstances. From the scientific perspective, such form of expression of will is referred to as atypical and acts as a subject of this research. Such method of documentation of the last will of the testator is intended to facilitate the usual form of testament due to the extraordinariness of the situation the person found himself in. However, the analysis of the civil legislation of the Russian Federation and judicial practice demonstrates that the norms on the testament in emergency circumstances contain more impediments than facilitation of the procedure. This determines the problem of the legal phenomenon under review. The article examines the norms of succession law that regulate the testament in emergency circumstances, doctrinal provisions on the effectiveness of its legal regulation, as well as judicial practice on the matter for the detecting the problems and ambiguities of this legal phenomenon, which is given special attention, since all shortcomings of the legislator are usually manifested through law enforcement. The novelty of this research lies in analysis of the practice of application of the institution of testament disposal in emergency circumstances in order to determine the range of relevant issues and proposals aimed at the improvement of legal regulation of the atypical form of testament. The conclusion is made on the possibility of using electronic or technical means for certification of testament in emergency circumstances; refutation of the provisions of the Chapter 2, Paragraph 1 of the Article 1129 that stipulate the validity of such testament, presence of two witnesses, and handwritten expression of last will with the signature of the testator as mandatory requirements; need for legislative consolidation of the signs of extraordinariness of situation, and determination of situations that should be regarded by law enforcement officials as life-threatening, which also include sudden deterioration of health.
Doctrinal arrangement of social-territorial structure of the Soviet system in 1918 (based on the materials of the Commission for Drafting the Constitution of the Soviet Republic under the All-Russian Central Executive Committee)
Authors: Korovin Kirill Sergeevich
Published: January 2022

Based on the vast array of archival materials, the article reconstructs the discussions that took place in the process of adoption of the 1918 Constitution of the RSFSR. It is worth noting that the issues that are somehow related to the model of the Soviet federation were the most discussed. Such situation existed due to the fact that the Marxism-Leninism ideology was initially internationalistic, and the Bolsheviks were enormously interested in expanding their influence. The federation was also a fully legal instrument for uniting the communist parties of various countries into economic, military and political alliance. Although V. I. Lenin had a dialectical perception of federation and the state, this did not diminish the interest of the members of the commission to this problematic. The question of federalism was strictly practical and tactical, since the fate of the world socialist revolution depended on the extent to which the federation would be proletarian and unique. Therefore, the members of the commission had to solve the issues associated with the type of federation, ethnic question, the administrative-territorial division of the state, and representation in the councils. The latter was of crucial importance, since both the social base of the political regime and the governability of the entire Soviet state depended on the content of the Soviet institutions. Therefore, the Bolsheviks placed emphasis namely on the representation of workers, rather than peasants. The conclusion is made that the legal issues of the structure of the Soviet federation were equally as important as the ideological arrangement of the Soviet state.
γ-paired dominating graphs of cycles
Authors: Eakawinrujee Pannawat , Trakultraipruk Nantapath
Published: January 2022

A paired dominating set of a graph \(G\) is a dominating set whose induced subgraph contains a perfect matching. The paired domination number, denoted by \(\gamma_{pr}(G)\), is the minimum cardinality of a paired dominating set of \(G\). A \(\gamma_{pr}(G)\)-set is a paired dominating set of cardinality \(\gamma_{pr}(G)\). The \(\gamma\)-paired dominating graph of \(G\), denoted by \(PD_{\gamma}(G)\), as the graph whose vertices are \(\gamma_{pr}(G)\)-sets. Two \(\gamma_{pr}(G)\)-sets \(D_1\) and \(D_2\) are adjacent in \(PD_{\gamma}(G)\) if there exists a vertex \(u\in D_1\) and a vertex \(v\notin D_1\) such that \(D_2=(D_1\setminus \{u\})\cup \{v\}\). In this paper, we present the \(\gamma\)-paired dominating graphs of cycles.
Edge homogeneous colorings
Authors: Madaras Tomáš , Onderko Alfréd , Schweser Thomas
Published: January 2022

We explore four kinds of edge colorings defined by the requirement of equal number of colors appearing, in particular ways, around each vertex or each edge. We obtain the characterization of graphs colorable in such a way that the ends of each edge see (not regarding the edge color itself) \(q\) colors (resp. one end sees \(q\) colors and the color sets for both ends are the same), and a sufficient condition for 2-coloring a graph in a way that the ends of each edge see (with the omission of that edge color) altogether \(q\) colors. The relations of these colorings to \(M_q\)-colorings and role colorings are also discussed; we prove an interpolation theorem for the numbers of colors in edge coloring where all edges around each vertex have \(q\) colors.
Structure parameters design of InP based high electron mobility transistor epitaxial materials to improve radiation-resistance ability
Authors: Zhou Shu-Xing , Fang Ren-Feng , Wei Yan-Feng , Chen Chuan-Liang , Cao Wen-Yu , Zhang Xin , Ai Li-Kun , Li Yu-Dong , Guo Qi ,   Hubei Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang 441053, China,   State Key Laboratory of Functional Materials for Informatics, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China,   CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
Published: January 2022

In order to improve the radiation-resistance ability of the InP based high electron mobility transistor (InP HEMT) by optimizing the epitaxial structure design, a series of InP HEMT epitaxial structure materials with different structure parameters is grown by gas source molecular beam epitaxy. These samples are irradiated at room temperature by a 1.5-MeV electron beam at the same irradiation fluence of 2 × 1015 cm–2. The electrical properties of the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) for InP HEMT epitaxial materials before and after irradiation are measured by Hall measurements to obtain the changes of the normalized 2DEG density and electron mobility along with the epitaxial structure parameters. The relation between 2DEG radiation damage and epitaxial structure parameters (such as Si-δ-doping density, spacer thickness, channel thickness and channel In content) of InP HEMT epitaxial structure materials is analyzed. The results show that the 2DEG of the InP HEMT epitaxial structure material with higher Si-δ-doping density, thinner spacer thickness, thicker channel thickness and lower channel In content has lower radiation damage, which possesses the stronger radiation-resistance ability.
A new ancient lineage of ablepharine skinks (Sauria: Scincidae) from eastern Himalayas with notes on origin and systematics of the group
Authors: Mirza Zeeshan A. , Bragin Andrey M. , Bhosale Harshal , Gowande Gaurang G. , Patel Harshil , Poyarkov Nikolay A.
Published: January 2022

The Himalayas represent a renowned biodiversity hotspot and an important biogeographic realm that has influenced origin and diversification of multiple taxa. A recent herpetological investigation of the eastern Himalayas of the Indian state of Arunachal Pradesh led to the discovery of a unique lineage of ablepharine skink, which is herein described as a new genus along with a new species. The findings are based an integrated taxonomic approach incorporating data from external morphology, microCT scans of the skull and molecular data. The molecular phylogeny of ablepharine skinks is also presented that suggests taxonomic amendments. Discovery of this unique lineage of skinks further highlights the biogeographic importance of the eastern Himalayas as a source for origin of several relic biota.
ANÁLISIS DE LAS HABILIDADES MATEMÁTICAS PARA EL CÁLCULO DE DOSIS DE MEDICAMENTOS EN ESTUDIANTES DE ENFERMERÍA
Authors:   Fundación Universitaria del Area Andina (Colombia), Fajardo Zapata Alvaro Luis , Caicedo Murte Nidia Patricia
Published: January 2022

INTRODUCCIÓN: Los estudiantes de enfermería deben desarrollar habilidades matemáticas para una vez que sean profesionales de esta disciplina no tengan obstáculos con la dosificación de medicamentos, que es una de las funciones que deben desarrollar en el ámbito clínico, y cuya equivocación podría poner en riesgo la seguridad y vida del paciente. OBJETIVO: Analizar de qué manera las habilidades para las matemáticas básicas afecta la realización del cálculo de las dosis de medicamentos por parte de los estudiantes de enfermería en una institución universitaria. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: investigación descriptiva transversal realizada a través del instrumento “Habilidad matemática para el cálculo de las dosis de medicamentos” compuesto por 13 preguntas abiertas y aplicado a 256 estudiantes de los ocho semestres que componen un programa de enfermería. RESULTADOS: El estudio evidenció serias deficiencias en la resolución de situaciones que involucran distintas habilidades matemáticas básicas que debe poseer un estudiante de enfermería. Solo el 30,7% de los estudiantes pudo resolver las situaciones clínicas en las cuales tenía que realizar el cálculo de las dosis de medicamentos; también en el manejo de los porcentajes se encontró dificultades, ya que apenas el 42% logró resolver la situación planteada. La interpretación de conceptos matemáticos básicos mediante la utilización de gráficos fue interpretada adecuadamente por el 50,2%. CONCLUSIÓN: Los hallazgos de la presente investigación, mostraron que deben buscar estrategias de aprendizaje que mejoren las habilidades de los estudiantes de enfermería para la dosificación de medicamentos.
Utility of Serum Transaminases in Predicting Disease Severity in Dengue Fever- A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Singh Anurag , Manrai Manish , Manrai Kavita , Jambunathan Prashant , Aggarwal Vivek , Govind Rajath
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Thrombocytopenia has been known to be a manifestation as well as predictor of severe dengue. However, use of additional biomarkers like Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)/Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) alone or in conjunction with platelet count may help in early and better predictability of severe dengue cases. Aim: To determine the correlation between transaminase elevation and severity of dengue fever. Materials and Methods: This was a single centre, cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary care centre of Western Maharashtra. Total 110 hospitalised patients with a diagnosis of suspected dengue fever, based on clinical signs and symptoms with a positive NS1 antigen test (non structural protein 1)/Immunoglobulin M (IgM) test using rapid test kits were taken as study population. The patients were clinically evaluated on daily basis for development of any warning signs and symptoms along with monitoring of haematological and biochemical parameters. For statistical analysis the technique of percentages, mean and Pearson ‘r’s were employed using IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS 20.0) version for windows. The p-value of 0.05 was considered as significant value. Results: Out of 110 patients, 83 were males and 27 females. Clinical fluid accumulation was seen in 5 patients (4.5%), bleeding manifestations and fluid accumulation in 4 (3.6%) and bleeding manifestations in 17 (15.5%). Negative correlation was observed between thrombocytopenia with bleeding manifestations (r=-0.17, p=0.04), whereas positive correlation was seen in incidence of bleeding with serositis (r=0.19, p=0.04), AST with serositis (r=0.21, p=0.02) and ALT with Packed Cell Volume (PCV) (r=0.22, p=0.01). Conclusion: Additional biomarkers like AST and ALT alone or in conjunction with platelet count can also help in early prediction of severity of dengue fever.
Epley’s Maneuver versus Semont’s Maneuver in the Treatment of Posterior Semicircular Canal Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo: A Cohort Study
Authors: Keerthana Ramesh Guna , Prabakaran Somu , Rajasekaran S , Priya K , Navin RB Namasivaya
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV) is the most common cause of vertigo in otorhinolaryngological practice. Canalolithiasis and cupulolithiasis are the main theories which describe the pathophysiology of BPPV. Particle repositioning maneuvers are non invasive, simple, bedside procedure that are better tolerated by patients and give symptomatic relief. Aim: To compare the effectiveness of Epley’s vs Semont’s maneuver in the treatment of Posterior Semicircular Canal (PSC) BPPV. Materials and Methods: A cohort study was conducted in Otorhinolaryngology Department of Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute from October 2020-March 2021. A total of 108 patients who reported to the outpatient department and were diagnosed with PSC BPPV were included in this study. A detailed clinical history was recorded audio vestibular examination was conducted and Dix-Hallpike maneuver were performed to confirm the diagnosis. Following which, patients were subjected to treatment with either Epley’s maneuver or Semont’s maneuver. A total of 54 patients were treated with Epley’s maneuver and 54 patients were treated with Semont’s maneuver. Patients were followed-up one week after performing the maneuver. In case of presence of persistent symptoms, the maneuver was repeated upto a maximum of three times. Successful treatment was assessed based upon the patient’s symptomatic improvement of vertigo and a negative Dix-Hallpike test which was performed at the follow-up. Data was presented in proportion (descriptive statistics) and chi-square test was used. The p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: In a total of 108 cases, the most common age group affected by BPPV was that of 21-40 years. Left side BPPV was noted in 50 (46.3%) patients, right side BPPV in 48 (44.4%) patients and 10 (9.3%) patients were found to have bilateral BPPV. Fifty two patients responded well for Epley’s maneuver and had complete resolution of symptoms on first follow-up and 46 patients responded to Semont’s maneuver and improved symptomatically. Conclusion: Greater number of patients improved symptomatically in the first visit itself with Epley’s maneuver compared to Semont’s maneuver. Hence, Epley’s maneuver is the preferred initial treatment and effective modality for PSC BPPV.
Effect of Art Therapy on Cognitive and Psychological Well-being of Patients with Major Mental Disorders- An Experimental Study
Authors: Sharmila S , Mathias Thereza , Shivakumara J , Jacob Jaison
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Psychological and recreational activities have been found to be useful in the field of psychiatry. ‘Art Therapy’ uses therapeutic use of art within the professional role in the personal development of the patient by creating art and finding meaning through them. People can improve their awareness of self and cope with symptoms of stress, anxiety, and traumatic experiences. They can also improve cognitive abilities and gain pleasure in making art. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of art therapy on cognitive functions and psychological well-being among mentally ill patients admitted with major mental disorders. Materials and Methods: An evaluative approach with a pre- experimental, one group pre and post-test design was adopted to select 60 patients admitted with major mental disorders in a selected psychiatric unit, Udupi, Karnataka, India through purposive sampling technique. Data collection was done from 1st December 2019 to 31st January 2020. Information was collected through Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) Scale and Psychological General Well-being Index (PGWBI) Scale. The pretest was conducted on the first day. Art therapy sessions were conducted for four consecutive days. Post-test assessments were done on the seventh and fourteenth day. Results: The mean baseline MoCA score was 16.70±4.04 which improved to 19.10±4.07 on 7th day and 21.28±4.33 on 14th day. Similarly, baseline score of PGWBI was 35.28±13.94 which improved to 53.58±13.88 on 7th day and further increased to 81.80±17.69. Conclusion: Art therapy has a strong effect on the psychological well-being of the patients with mental illnesses and is effective in improving cognitive functions and psychological well-being.
Role of Transtympanic Steroid in Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Agarwal Vinish Kumar , Bist Sampan Singh , Sharma Mukesh , Kumar Lovneesh , Mathur Aditya
Published: January 2022

Introduction: Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL) is medical emergency in otology. The diagnosis and treatment of sudden SNHL remains a matter of discussion as no single treatment is gold standard. Antivirals, systemic and intratympanic steroids, vasodilators, antioxidants and hyperbaric oxygen therapy are a few treatment options for sudden SNHL. Aim: To assess role of transtympanic steroid in sudden SNHL cases in view of frequency specific gain and average hearing gain. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Otorhinolaryngology Department of a tertiary teaching hospital, in which records of total 27 patients with diagnosis of sudden SNHL from 1st January 2019 to 31st December 2020 were analysed. All enrolled patient underwent pure tone audiometry before treatment, after 3rd transtympanic injection and On 7th day follow-up. post follow-up. All patient received three transtympanic 0.5 mL methyl prednisolone injection on day 1, day 3 and day 5 of treatment. Pretreatment and post- treatment frequency specific hearing threshold and frequency specific hearing gain along with average hearing gain were assessed. Statistical analysis was done using student paired t-test independent t-test and one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test. Results: Total 35 case ears were analysed among 27 patients as 8 patients had bilateral sudden SNHL. Average gain for frequency 250 Hz, 500 Hz, 1000 Hz, 2000 Hz and 4000 Hz were 18 dB, 25 dB, 27 dB, 28 dB and 30 dB, respectively. There was average 42% audiometric gain in hearing after transtympanic steroid injection. Cases who received treatment within four days had average gain of 48.5% while those who came after four days had average hearing gain of 39%. Hearing gain in <40 years and >40 years was 44.3% and 41.8% respectively. Hearing gain in bilateral ear was 42.9% and in unilateral ear was 43.5%. Conclusion: Sudden SNHL has high emotional and social impact on patient and family as it has influence on life quality. Transtympanic steroid injection promises good outcome in all patients with sudden SNHL. However, early diagnosis and early management of sudden SNHL is the key in significant success.