2185. In vitro activity of aztreonam-avibactam (ATM-AVI), cefiderocol (FDC), and cefepime-taniborbactam (FEP-TAN) against multi-species, NDM-producing Enterobacterales causing a local outbreak
Authors: Kline Ellen G , Squires Kevin M , Haidar Ghady , Snyder Graham , Harrison Lee , Van Tyne Daria , Shields Ryan K 
Published: November 2023

Background

New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM)-producing Enterobacterales are increasing in the US. Recommended treatment (tx) options include ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) plus ATM or FDC. We assessed the in vitro activity of tx options in the setting of a multi-species NDM outbreak.

Methods

Patient isolates were identified through active carbapenemase testing and characterized by whole-genome sequencing. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for ATM, ATM-AVI, ceftazidime, CZA, FDC, FDC-AVI, FEP and FEP-TAN were determined by broth microdilution. AVI and TAN were tested at 4 mg/L. Index isolates were defined as the first NDM-producing isolate per species per patient.

Results

48 isolates from 24 patients were included from 2018-2023; 73% of isolates were collected in the last year. 17% of patients were infected with &gt;1 NDM-producing species. Among index isolates (n=29; Table 1) comprising 10 species, the most common species were E. cloacae complex (15), E. coli (3), and K. aerogenes (3). Isolates harbored NDM-5 (72%) or NDM-1 (28%). Other β-lactamases included ACT (15), SHV (7), TEM (7), and CTX-M (6) variants. 93%, 93%, and 69% of index isolates were susceptible to ATM-AVI, FEP-TAN, and FDC, respectively; corresponding MIC50 values were 0.06, 0.5, and 2 mg/L, respectively (Table 2). FDC susceptibility improved to 86% with addition of AVI.

Among serial isolates (n=19), rates of susceptibility were 89%, 84%, and 16% for ATM-AVI, FEP-TAN, and FDC, respectively (Table 3). Two patients were treated with CZA-ATM. In 1 case ATM-AVI MICs increased against E. coli from 16 to &gt;128 mg/L post-CZA-AVI tx, attributed to an insertion (YRIN) and substitution (A417V) in ftsI (PBP3). Overall, 4 isolates (all E. coli) from 2 patients were non-susceptible to ATM-AVI, FEP-TAN, and FDC. All were related by WGS and harbored CMY-145, NDM-5, and a YRIN duplication in PBP3.

Conclusion

During a multi-species NDM outbreak we found ATM-AVI and FEP-TAN demonstrated potent in vitro activity against clinical isolates. Susceptibility rates for both β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitors was higher than FDC, suggesting they may be preferred for tx in the absence of timely susceptibility testing. The activity of each agent is compromised by NDM-producing strains that harbor PBP3 mutations.

Disclosures

Ghady Haidar, MD, Allovir: Grant/Research Support|AstraZeneca: Advisor/Consultant|AstraZeneca: Grant/Research Support|Karius: Advisor/Consultant|Karius: Grant/Research Support|NIH: Grant/Research Support Ryan K. Shields, PharmD, MS, Allergan: Advisor/Consultant|Cidara: Advisor/Consultant|Entasis: Advisor/Consultant|GSK: Advisor/Consultant|Melinta: Advisor/Consultant|Melinta: Grant/Research Support|Menarini: Advisor/Consultant|Merck: Advisor/Consultant|Merck: Grant/Research Support|Pfizer: Advisor/Consultant|Roche: Grant/Research Support|Shionogi: Advisor/Consultant|Shionogi: Grant/Research Support|Utility: Advisor/Consultant|Venatorx: Advisor/Consultant|Venatorx: Grant/Research Support