bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
No inferioridad entre dos agentes de bajo volumen (Picosulfato de Sodio/Citrato de Magnesio vs. Sulfato de Sodio/Potasio/Magnesio) en la preparación de colon para procedimientos diagnósticos: estudio observacional
Authors: Pérez-Riveros Erika D. , Rey R. Margarita , Mendoza De Molano Belén , Robayo Juan Carlos , Solano Mariño Jaime , García Duperly Rafael , Gómez Andrés , Pinto Carta Renzo , Ardila Gerardo , De la Hoz-Valle Jose , Sierra-Arango Fernando
Published: December 2020

Introducción: el cáncer colorrectal es un problema de salud pública; sin embargo, la detección temprana reduce su morbimortalidad. La colonoscopia es el procedimiento de elección para detectar lesiones premalignas y el éxito depende de una limpieza adecuada. El objetivo es evaluar el desempeño de dos preparaciones de bajo volumen empleados en un hospital de alto nivel.

Materiales y métodos: estudio prospectivo en adultos que asistieran a colonoscopia en la Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Colombia. Las preparaciones se evaluaron con la escala de Boston, con puntaje ≥ 6 puntos para una limpieza adecuada. Se realizó un análisis de regresión logística para establecer la efectividad de los medicamentos con un cálculo de no inferioridad del 3 %-5 %.

Resultados: 598 pacientes fueron evaluados. El 49 % (293) fue expuesto al picosulfato de sodio/citrato de magnesio y el 51 % (305) fue expuesto al sulfato de sodio/potasio/magnesio. Con un promedio de Boston de 6,98 ± 1,86 (78 % con puntaje de Boston ≥ 6) y 7,39 ± 1,83 (83 %), respectivamente (p = 0,649). Según el análisis de la presencia y frecuencia de síntomas no deseados, el picosulfato fue mejor tolerado (p < 0,001).

Conclusiones: los estudios de preparación intestinal en pacientes de un escenario real son muy escasos.Los medicamentos de bajo volumen obtuvieron una efectividad global y por segmento de colon similar, confirmando la no-inferioridad; el picosulfato de sodio/citrato de magnesio fue mejor tolerado. Un estudio de costo-efectividad podría definir esto según las necesidades de la población de estudio.
Childhood Cancer Survivors and Distance Education Challenges: Lessons Learned from the COVID19 Pandemic
Authors: Carey Lisa , Ruble Kathy , Pare-Blagoev Juliana , Milla Kimberly , Thornton Clifton , Henegan Sydney , Jacobson Lisa
Published: December 2020

Background: Pediatric cancer patients and survivors have historically
struggled to receive adequate educational supports. In the Spring of
2020, the COVID19 pandemic forced an emergency switch from traditional
in-person education models to distance education. Methods: The current
study presents initial data from a quality improvement project which
included a round of qualitative interviews conducted with parents of
pediatric oncology patients at risk for educationally-relevant
neurocognitive impacts of disease or treatment. The focus of the
interviews was patient experiences of education and instructional
delivery during the COVID19 school closures in Spring of 2020 and the
beginning of the 2020-2021 school year; interviews were conducted via
videoconference and transcripts were analyzed using a phenomenological
approach. Results: Three emergent themes were found regarding the shared
experiences of distance schooling for children with cancer during the
COVID19 school closures: 1) attention, 2) mental health, and 3) access
to instruction. This study describes and explores each theme and offers
suggestions for changes to provider service delivery as a result of new
pandemic-related schooling needs.
Harnessing multilayer networks to predict metacommunity responses to global environmental change
Authors: McFadden Tyler , Dirzo Rodolfo
Published: December 2020

Species interact both within and across communities, forming complex
networks of biotic interactions and spatial links that underpin
ecosystem functioning. However, while recent technological advances
permit the analysis of increasingly complex and realistic ecological
networks, data availability remains a major challenge. Here, we present
a novel approach that uses readily available ecological data to build
spatially-structured species interaction networks and predict
metacommunity responses to environmental change. Predictive Multilayer
Networks (PMNs) model the distributions, interspecific interactions, and
spatial connectivity of multiple species across a landscape and quantify
network structure and stability. We provide a proof-of-concept using a
simulated plant-pollinator community, measure network centrality to
identify areas of high functional connectivity, and compare land cover
scenarios to predict effects of forest loss and restoration on PMN
connectance and robustness. PMNs synthesize network approaches from
community and landscape ecology and offer a flexible, predictive
approach for examining the spatial dynamics of species interactions.
Evidence for tactically antagonistic selection on body size and the sword in a wild population of the swordtail fish, Xiphophorus multilineatus
Authors: Liotta Melissa , Abbott Jessica , Morris Molly , Rios-Cardenas Oscar
Published: December 2020

Intralocus conflict has been well documented between the sexes, but much
less is known about the potential for this genetic conflict in other
polymorphisms, such as alternative reproductive tactics. Here we
investigate two of three criteria necessary for demonstrating intralocus
tactical conflict: the ARTs have different phenotypic optima for a
shared trait, and one or both ARTs are not at their phenotypic optima
for a shared trait. We address these two criteria in Xiphophorus
multilineatus, a live-bearing freshwater fish that has two male
alternative reproductive tactics, a behaviorally fixed courter male and
a behaviorally plastic sneaker male that switches between courtship and
force-copulatory behavior. We used measures of reproductive success from
a wild population to estimate selection gradients on three tactically
dimorphic traits involved in sexual selection: body size, body shape,
and sword length. We present evidence that both body size and sword
length are experiencing tactically antagonistic selection, providing
evidence for both criteria. Additionally, selection on body shape in
sneaker males appears to be buffered due to behavioral plasticity. Our
study provides novel insight from a wild population into the role that
intralocus tactical conflict can play in constraining ARTs from reaching
their respective phenotypic optima despite tactical dimorphism.
Parent Perspectives on Educational and Psychosocial Intervention for Recent-Onset Type 1 Diabetes in Their School-Age Child: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Marker Arwen M. , Monzon Alexandra D. , Goggin Kathy , Clements Mark A. , Patton Susana R.
Published: December 2020

OBJECTIVE

The recent-onset period of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in early school-age children should include comprehensive, parent-focused T1D education as well as family-centered resources and support to help with adjustment. Here, we present parent/caregiver perspectives on specific areas of concern during the recent-onset period of T1D and their preferred timing for different topics related to T1D education.

METHODS

Parents/caregivers of 5- to 9-year-old children with T1D completed a card-sorting task and qualitative interview to describe ongoing areas of concern and preferred educational topics during the first year after T1D diagnosis.

RESULTS

Thirteen parents/caregivers (aged 35.1 ± 6.9 years) of a child with T1D (aged 8.9 ± 0.8 years, 11.3 ± 7.0 months post-diagnosis) completed the card-sorting task, and 11 completed the qualitative interview. Parents/caregivers endorsed four preferred stages of education: basic education and T1D survival skills during month 1 post-diagnosis, application and practice of T1D skills from months 1–3, access to community supports to cope with anxiety and distress from months 3–6, and support to build autonomy and manage burnout beyond month 6 post-diagnosis. Parents/caregivers endorsed four main themes for ongoing concerns: anxiety, autonomy, distress, and support.

CONCLUSION

Parents endorsed four time points for education and psychosocial services within the first year of a T1D diagnosis. Parents/caregivers may benefit the most from psychosocial interventions 3–6 months post-diagnosis, once they have had sufficient time to develop basic T1D management skills. These findings support the need for regular parent psychosocial screening and access to scalable psychosocial interventions in the first year post-diagnosis of T1D.
Perpustakaan dalam Pengembangan Makerspace sebagai Pendukung Metode Pembelajaran Blended Learning di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0
Authors: Wilanda Ratih Desnita , Hapsari Ninda , Marlini Marlini
Published: December 2020

The library has a facility called makerspace which is considered to have a big influence on the blended learning method, especially in the era of the industrial revolution 4.0, developments have been very advanced and flexible thus libraries can easily follow changes in providing services for the user. The research method used in this research is qualitative research with a descriptive analysis method. The results obtained from this study are the perceived influence of makerspace services on blended learning and also the efforts of libraries in makerspace services to the blended learning method.
Unpacking Reflective Practice in the Praxis of English Language Teaching in Indonesia
Authors: Ahsanu Muhamad , Purwati Tuti , Wardani Erna
Published: December 2020

This paper portrays the ways Indonesian English Language Teaching (ELT) practitioners review and reflect on their practice, seek to expand new ideas and techniques they can apply in their classrooms. This study aims to enhance our understanding of what it is actually that Indonesian ELT practitioners are doing, understanding, and what they are trying to achieve in their classroom activities. This study investigates explanative answers to a single research question: In what ways are Indonesian ELT practitioners reflective in their classroom practice? This study conducted at secondary schools and universities uses a qualitative approach, utilizing observation, interviews, and documents as data collection methods, and content analysis as a means of data analysis. This research involved four participants selected purposively and voluntarily. Its findings, analysis, and interpretation are presented descriptively. The major finding of this study suggests that Indonesian ELT practitioners are reflective in three ways: being reflective within the process of their teaching, known as “reflection-in-action, being reflective in their post-teaching referred to as “reflection-on-action, ” and being reflective in their future improvement planning known as “reflection-for-action.” The practitioners’ reflexivity aims to improve the quality of their teaching, which can potentially affect the quality of their students’ learning. Thus, arguably Indonesian ELT practitioners have performed the praxis in their language teaching through reflective practice.
Revisiting Grammar Teaching in a Saudi EFL Context: Teachers’ Perceptions and Practices
Authors: Yousef Abduh Mariam , Algouzi Sami
Published: December 2020

In language, meaning is conveyed and received through words and grammar. A phrase or a sentence is not a random collection of words. In the absence of grammar, words hang together without any real meaning. Thus, grammar plays an essential role in language teaching. With adequate grammar explanations in meaningful contexts and practice, some serious errors in learners' language can be avoided. This study aimed at examining the relationship between teachers’ perceptions of grammar teaching and their actual practices in a Saudi EFL context. Questionnaires and classroom observation checklists were used to gather information about teachers' perceptions of grammar teaching and to compare that with their practices. The paper sought to find answers to these questions: 1) What are teachers’ perceptions of grammar teaching? 2) Do teachers’ perceptions of grammar correlate with their actual teaching in EFL classes? 3) What are teachers’ perceptions of problems, if any, hindering their practice of grammar teaching? The sample consisted of 23 teachers who completed a questionnaire discussing their perceptions of grammar teaching and practice. Six of these teachers were observed teaching grammar in classes. The findings revealed that there was a negative correlation between teachers' perceptions of grammar teaching and their perceptions of their grammar classes. Also, there was a negative correlation between teachers' perceptions of grammar teaching and the observed classes. However, teachers' perceptions of their classes were mostly reflected in observation cards, and they were positively correlated. Further, the study revealed teachers' tendency towards traditional methods of teaching where the meaningful practice was overlooked.
Conditions à la transformation des pratiques langagières d’enquête en histoire scolaire: une étude de cas en primaire
Authors: Doussot Sylvain
Published: December 2020

L’article revient sur des études de cas qui montrent les capacités des élèves à mobiliser des pratiques qui ont à voir avec celles des scientifiques. Deux types d’enquêtes sont ainsi possibles en classe d’histoire : suivre des procédures de critique documentaire pour établir une vérité, ou articuler la recherche de la vérité par analyse des traces du passé et recherche du sens. Nous documentons les conditions du passage de l’un à l’autre de ces types d’enquête par l’analyse d’un cas de travail autonome d’élèves de fin de primaire. Ce cas questionne l’idée que le développement des compétences se ferait par la maitrise de règles décrivant la pensée historienne, et il met en lumière que des compétences scolaires peuvent aider les élèves à dépasser les habitudes de la discipline scolaire.
PERAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM PENGEMBANGAN TRADISI KERIS DI KABUPATEN SUMENEP, MADURA
Authors: Sudrajat Unggul
Published: December 2020

Keris merupakan benda hasil budaya bangsa Indonesia yang memiliki nilai seni yang indah dan nilai ekonomi yang tinggi. Oleh karena itu, budaya pembuatan keris tetap dipertahankan di beberapa daerah, salah satunya di Kabupaten Sumenep. Tradisi pembuatan keris di Sumenep diperkirakan sudah ada sejak zaman Kerajaan Majapahit dan masih terus bertahan hingga kini. Pesatnya perkembangan industri dan jumlah perajin keris di Sumenep menjadikan Sumenep sebagai Kota Keris Indonesia. Selama mempertahankan budaya keris tersebut, masyarakat Sumenep sempat menghadapi beberapa kendala, antara lain konflik antara perajin keris dan pedagang keris, konflik pedagang keris dan aparat, serta menjamurnya kasus keris prosesan. Bagaimana masyarakat Sumenep mengatasi konflik-konflik tersebut? Bagaimana perhatian dari para pemangku kepentingan, baik pemerintah, organisasi keris, serta masyarakat untuk bersama-sama mengatasi konflik-konflik tersebut? Tulisan ini bertujuan menguraikan peran pemerintah daerah dalam pengembangan keris di Kabupaten Sumenep. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara, observasi, dan analisis dokumen, yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan interpretative phenomenological analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tradisi pembuatan keris di Sumenep pernah mengalami pasang surut. Tetapi setelah dilakukan revitalisasi budaya yang melibatkan banyak pihak, termasuk pemerintah daerah pembuatan keris di Sumenep berkembang pesat hingga mencapai skala industri.
Ilustração em Arqueologia: Tipos, normas e conceitos
Authors: Rocha Leonor
Published: December 2020

"Ilustração em Arqueologia - Tipos, normas e conceitos" pretende ser um livro didáctico que apoie e ensine todas as pessoas que pretendam aprender a desenhar espólios e estruturas arqueológicas. O livro está dividido em capítulos que conduzem o leitor desde a história e evolução desta disciplina, até chegarmos aos últimos avanços proporcionados pelas novas tecnologias informáticas que permitem, actualmente, finalizar os desenhos a lápis de forma mais expedita e simplificada.
Analisis Perbandingan Metode Alpha Miner, Inductive Miner dan Causal-Net Mining dalam Proses Mining
Authors: Hasyim Rissa Aulia , Yaqin Muhammad Ainul , Utomo Adi Heru
Published: December 2020

Tidak semua algoritma proses mining dapat mendeteksi semua skenario model proses, sehingga dilakukan eksperimen dengan mecoba 3 jenis algoritma terhadap 9 skenario model proses bisnis yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan algoritma yang paling cocok untuk setiap skenario model proses. Kami menggunakan 3 algoritma proses mining diantaranya alpha miner, inductive miner dan causal-net mining. Kami mengusulkan solusi dengan menggunakan aplikasi ProM untuk mengecek kecocokan 3 algoritma yang digunakan terhadap 9 skenario. Selain itu, untuk mendukung hasil proses mining menggunakan ProM, kami mengukur nilai similarity dengan membandingkan model proses pada dataset dengan hasil proses mining menggunakan ProM. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran similarity diketahui bahwa eksperimen menggunakan algortima alpha miner. Pada figure 8 memiliki nilai tingkat similarity paling tinggi yaitu dengan nilai 0.89. Sedangkan tingkat similarity paling kecil, didapati pada figure 7 menggunakan alpha miner dengan nilai 0.12.
Simulasi Model Proses Tebang Muat Angkut (TMA) On Farm pada Tanaman Tebu
Authors: Khamidatullailiyah Yayang Galuh Nur , Yaqin Muhammad Ainul , Utomo Adi Heru
Published: December 2020

Masalah yang sering terjadi pada saat musim Tebang Muat Angkut (TMA) tebu yaitu kapasitas produksi tebu yang tidak memenuhi target produksi pabrik dan terjadinya penumpukan antrian transportasi pada proses bongkar tebu. Untuk meminimalisir terjadinya masalah pada proses TMA maka peneliti melakukan simulasi untuk menganalisa waktu yang efektif. Software yang digunakan dalam membuat simulasi TMA yaitu AnyLogic. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan tiga source yang merepresentasikan tebu, lahan, dan transportasi. Delay time, waktu kedatangan, dan kapasitas merupakan variabel yang akan diuji coba. Jenis waktu kedatangan yang digunakan yaitu arrival rate dan arrival schedule. Peneliti  menggunakan model discrete event simulation karena simulasi ini menerapkan proses pemodelan sistem yang berkaitan dengan waktu penjadwalan. Dari percobaan yang telah dilakukan, diperoleh waktu kedatangan source tebu 1/seconds, source lahan 1/hours, dan source transportasi 1/hours. Lalu kapasitas muat dari transportasi sebesar 600 tebu. Kemudian, delay time tebang dan bundle tebu  0.5,1,1.5 seconds; muat  0.5,1,1.5 hours; angkut 2,3,4 hours; dan bongkar 0.5,1,1.5 seconds. Estimasi waktu terbaik pada simulasi menggunakan arrival rate sebesar 33.30 seconds, sedangkan pada arrival schedule estimasi waktu sebesar 33.72 seconds.
South African Indian Women as Custodians of Subversive Knowledge: A Decolonial Reading of Francine Simon’s Poetry
Authors: Govender Arushani
Published: December 2020

This article uses feminist perspectives on decoloniality as a lens for analysing selected poems from Francine Simon’s début collection, Thungachi (2017). Simon is a South African Indian woman poet from Durban, raised by Catholic parents of Tamil linguistic heritage. Her poetry collection, while feminist and experimental, deeply captures the experiences of dispossession and loss that define the large majority of South African Indians, with particular focus on the women whose voices remain marginalised in the South African literary canon. Framed by decolonial theory, this study serves the interests of decolonising research praxis, and thereby the nature of the knowledge produced. I conducted in-depth interviews with Simon and use them as a supplementary device in executing a literary analysis of two poems: “Betel Nut”, and “Tamil Familiars”. These poems emphasise the use of South African Indian English and the role that South African Indian women occupy as custodians of the cultural archive in maintaining fragments of precolonial ontologies. This article finds that it is necessary to critique Simon’s poetry within a decolonial, feminist framework in order to uncover its cultural complexities and contributions to counter-discourse against the Western, objectivist knowledge paradigm.
Editorial and Dedication: Decoloniality in/and Poetry
Authors: Shoro Katleho Kano , Newfield Denise , Byrne Deirdre
Published: December 2020

Editorial
Poem: My Poetry Wants Women
Authors: Deane Kirsten
Published: December 2020

Poem
Língua de herança, adolescência e avaliação
Authors: Ringhofer Daniella Fernandes Delgado , Bolacio Filho Ebal Sant´´´ Anna
Published: December 2020

Νo presente trabalho, reflete-se inicialmente acerca de aspectos históricos relacionados ao conceito de Língua de Herança, focando principalmente na situação do Português como Língua de Herança no sistema público escolar austríaco. Em um segundo momento, é discutida a temática POLH e adolescência no que tange às demandas avaliativas especificamente surgidas nos últimos anos no contexto austríaco. Após reflexões acerca de conceitos relevantes ligados à avaliação, é feito um relato de um projeto piloto conduzido em 2019 no sistema de ensino público austríaco em que foram aplicados testes de proficiência de POLH nos moldes de exames de proficiência para jovens em idade escolar existentes para o idioma alemão em escolas alemãs fora do território alemão; exames esses que foram concebidos levando-se em consideração o conceito de letramento em avaliação. Por último, é apresentada uma análise do experimento que apresentou resultados bastante satisfatórios e pode servir de base para futuros exames de proficiência de POLH nos países de língua alemã.
Parasites of graylings (Thymallidae: Thymallus) from the northern continental coast of the Okhotsk Sea
Authors: Pospekhov V. V. , Atrashkevich G. I. , Orlovskaya O. M.
Published: December 2020

For the first time, generalized data on parasites of two subspecies of arctic grayling (Thymallus arcticus pallasi and Th. a. mertensi) from the largest salmon rivers of the northern coast of the Okhotsk Sea, as the Taui, Yama and Gizhiga, are presented. In total, 39 species of parasites are found including 38 helminth species belonging to 26 genera, 19 families, 5 classes and 3 types (Plathelminthes, Nemathelminthes, and Acanthocephales), and 1 parasitic copepod (Crustacea; Arthropoda). Among the flatworms, trematodes have the highest species diversity — 19 species belonged to 8 genera of 6 families, and cestodes are presented by 6 species (6 genera of 5 families). Nematodes are presented by 8 species (8 genera of 5 families), and acanthocephalans — by 5 species (4 genera, 3 families, 2 classes). The graylings parasites are distributed with 2 ecological groups: the freshwater parasites including 29 species (4 cestodes, 16 trematodes, 5 nematodes, 3 acanthocephalans, and 1 copepod) and the marine parasites including 10 species (2 cestodes, 3 trematodes, 3 nematodes, and 2 acanthocephalans). Th. a. mertensi from the Taui River basin is distinguished by the highest diversity of parasites (32 species), their high diversity is observed for the same species from the Gizhiga (20 species), and for Th. a. pallasi from the Yama (24 species), as well. More than a half of helminths (22 species) are noted by medical and veterinary importance and/or are able to spoil organoleptic properties of the seafood.
Nickel-Catalyzed Reversible Functional Group Metathesis between Aryl Nitriles and Aryl Thioethers
Authors: Delcaillau Tristan , Boehm Philip , Morandi Bill
Published: December 2020

We describe a new functional group metathesis between aryl nitriles and aryl thioethers. The catalytic manifold nickel/dcype is essential to achieve this fully reversible transformation in good to excellent yields. Furthermore, the cyanide and thiol-free reaction showed high functional-group tolerance and great efficiency for late-stage derivatization of commercial molecules. Finally, synthetic applications demonstrated its versatility and utility in multistep synthesis.
A New Twist on an ‘Old’ Ligand: A [Mn16] Double Square Wheel and a [Mn10] Contorted Wheel
Authors: Brechin Euan , Milios Constantinos J. , Tziotzi Thomais , Coletta Marco , Gray Mark , Dalgarno Scott , Lorusso Giulia , Evangelisti Marco , Campbell Cameron
Published: December 2020

Ligand design remains key to the synthesis of coordination compounds possessing specific topologies, nuclearities and symmetries that direct targeted physical properties. N,O-chelates based on ethanolamine have been particularly prolific in constructing a variety of paramagnetic 3d transition metal complexes with fascinating magnetic properties. Here, we show that combining three ethanolamine moieties within the same organic framework in the form of the ligand 1,3,5-tri(2-hydroxyethyl)-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (LH3) leads to the formation of two highly unusual Mn wheels. Reaction of Mn(NO3)2·6H2O with LH3 in basic methanolic solutions leads to the formation of [MnIII 12MnII 4(µ3-O)6(µ-OH)4(µ3-OMe)2(µOMe)2(L)4(LH)2(H2O)10](NO3)6(OH)2 (1) and [MnIII 10(µ3-O)4(µ-OH)4(µ-OMe)4(L)4(H2O)4](NO3)2 (2); the only difference in the synthesis being the ratio of metal:ligand employed. The structure of the former describes two offset [MnIII 6MnII 2] square wheels, linked through a common centre, and the latter a single [MnIII 10] wheel twisted at its centre, such that the top half is orientated perpendicular to the bottom half. In both cases the L 3- /LH2- ligands dictate the orientation of the Jahn-Teller axes of the MnIII ions which lie perpendicular to the triazacyclohexane plane. Direct current magnetic susceptibility and magnetisation data reveal the presence of competing exchange interactions in 1 and strong antiferromagnetic interactions in 2. Given the simplicity of the reactions employed and the paucity of previous work, the formation of these two compounds suggests that LH3 will prove to be a profitable ligand for the synthesis of a multitude of novel 3d transition metal complexes
Electrically-Induced Mixed Valence Causes Resistive Switching in Copper Helical Metallopolymers
Authors: Greenfield Jake L. , Di Nuzzo Daniele , Evans Emrys , Senanayak Satyaprasad P. , Schott Sam , Deacon Jason T. , Peugeot Adele , Myers William K. , Sirringhaus Henning , Friend Richard , Nitschke Jonathan
Published: December 2020

Controlling the flow of electrical current at the nanoscale typically requires complex top-down approaches. Here we use a bottom-up approach to demonstrate resistiveswitching within molecular wires that consist of double-helical metallopolymers and are constructed by self-assembly. When we expose the material to an electric field, we determine that approximately 25% of the copper atoms oxidise from Cu(I) to Cu(II) without rupture of the polymer chain. The ability to sustain such high level of oxidation is unprecedented in a copper-based molecule: it is made possible here by the double helix compressing in order to satisfy the new coordination geometry required by Cu(II).This mixed-valence structure exhibits a 104-fold increase inconductivity, which is projected to last over 10 years. We explain the increase in conductivity as being promoted by the creation, upon oxidation, of partly filled dz2orbitals aligned along the mixed-valence copper array; the long-lasting nature of the change in conductivity is due to the structural rearrangement of the double-helix, which poses an energetic barrier to re-reduction. This work establishes helical metallopolymers as a new platform for controlling currents at the nanoscale.
Aptamer-Based Detection of Fumonisin B1: A Systematic Comparison with Conventional and Other Novel Methods
Authors: Mirón Mérida Vicente Antonio , Gong Yun Yun , Goycoolea Francisco
Published: December 2020

Mycotoxin contamination is a current issue affecting several crops and processed products worldwide. Among the diverse mycotoxin group, fumonisin B1 (FB1) has become a relevant compound because of its adverse effects in the food chain. Conventional analytical methods previously proposed to quantify FB1 comprise LC-MS, HPLC-FLD and ELISA, while novel approaches integrate different sensing platforms and fluorescently labelled agents in combination with antibodies. Nevertheless, such methods could be expensive, time-consuming and require experience. Aptamers (ssDNA) are promising alternatives to overcome some of the drawbacks of conventional analytical methods, their high affinity through specific aptamer-target binding has been exploited in various designs attaining favorable limits of detection (LOD). So far, two aptamers specific to FB1 have been reported, and their modified and shortened sequences have been explored for a successful target quantification. In this critical review spanning the last eight years, we have conducted a systematic comparison based on principal component analysis of the aptamer-based techniques for FB1, compared with chromatographic, immunological and other analytical methods. We have also conducted an in-silico prediction of the folded structure of both aptamers under their reported conditions. The potential of aptasensors for the future development of highly sensitive FB1 testing methods is emphasized.
Developing a Paper-Based Antigen Assay to Differentiate Between Coronaviruses and SARS-CoV-2 Spike Variants
Authors: Hristov Delyan , Rijal Hom , Gomez-Marquez Jose , Hamad Kimberly
Published: December 2020

COVID-19 first appeared in December of 2019 in Wuhan, China. Since then it has become a global pandemic. A robust and scalable diagnostics strategy is crucial for containing and monitoring the pandemic. RT-PCR is a known, reliable method for COVID-19 diagnostics which can differentiate between SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses. However, PCR is location dependent, time consuming and relatively expensive. Thus, there is a need for a more flexible method which may be produced in an off-the-shelf format and distributed more widely. Paper-based immunoassays can fulfill this function. Here we present the first steps towards a paper-based test which can differentiate between different between the Spike protein of various coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-1, SARS-CoV-2 and CoV-HKU1 with negligible cross reactivity for HCoV-OC43 and HCoV-229E in a single assay which takes less than 30 minutes. Furthermore, our test can distinguish between fractions of the same Spike protein. This is done by an altered assay design with four test line locations where each antigen builds a unique, identifiable binding pattern. The effect of several factors, such as running media, immunoprobe concentration and antigen interference is considered. We find that running media has a significant effect on the final binding pattern where human saliva provides results while human serum leads to the lowest signal quality.
The chromatin landscape of primary synovial sarcoma organoids is linked to specific epigenetic mechanisms and dependencies
Authors: Boulay Gaylor , Cironi Luisa , Garcia Sara P , Rengarajan Shruthi , Xing Yu-Hang , Lee Lukuo , Awad Mary E , Naigles Beverly , Iyer Sowmya , Broye Liliane C , Keskin Tugba , Cauderay Alexandra , Fusco Carlo , Letovanec Igor , Chebib Ivan , Nielsen Petur Gunnalugur , Tercier Stéphane , Cherix Stéphane , Nguyen-Ngoc Tu , Cote Gregory , Choy Edwin , Provero Paolo , Suvà Mario L , Rivera Miguel N , Stamenkovic Ivan , Riggi Nicolò
Published: December 2020

Synovial sarcoma (SyS) is an aggressive mesenchymal malignancy invariably associated with the chromosomal translocation t(X:18; p11:q11), which results in the in-frame fusion of the BAF complex gene SS18 to one of three SSX genes. Fusion of SS18 to SSX generates an aberrant transcriptional regulator, which, in permissive cells, drives tumor development by initiating major chromatin remodeling events that disrupt the balance between BAF-mediated gene activation and polycomb-dependent repression. Here, we developed SyS organoids and performed genome-wide epigenomic profiling of these models and mesenchymal precursors to define SyS-specific chromatin remodeling mechanisms and dependencies. We show that SS18-SSX induces broad BAF domains at its binding sites, which oppose polycomb repressor complex (PRC) 2 activity, while facilitating recruitment of a non-canonical (nc)PRC1 variant. Along with the uncoupling of polycomb complexes, we observed H3K27me3 eviction, H2AK119ub deposition and the establishment of de novo active regulatory elements that drive SyS identity. These alterations are completely reversible upon SS18-SSX depletion and are associated with vulnerability to USP7 loss, a core member of ncPRC1.1. Using the power of primary tumor organoids, our work helps define the mechanisms of epigenetic dysregulation on which SyS cells are dependent.
Polycomb mutant partially suppresses DNA hypomethylation–associated phenotypes in Arabidopsis
Authors: Rougée Martin , Quadrana Leandro , Zervudacki Jérôme , Hure Valentin , Colot Vincent , Navarro Lionel , Deleris Angélique
Published: December 2020

In plants and mammals, DNA methylation and histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3), which is deposited by the polycomb repressive complex 2, are considered as two specialized systems for the epigenetic silencing of transposable element (TE) and genes, respectively. Nevertheless, many TE sequences acquire H3K27me3 when DNA methylation is lost. Here, we show inArabidopsis thalianathat the gain of H3K27me3 observed at hundreds of TEs in theddm1mutant defective in the maintenance of DNA methylation, essentially depends on CURLY LEAF (CLF), one of two partially redundant H3K27 methyltransferases active in vegetative tissues. Surprisingly, the complete loss of H3K27me3 inddm1 clfdouble mutant plants was not associated with further reactivation of TE expression nor with a burst of transposition. Instead,ddm1 clfplants exhibited less activated TEs, and a chromatin recompaction as well as hypermethylation of linker DNA compared withddm1. Thus, a mutation in polycomb repressive complex 2 does not aggravate the molecular phenotypes linked toddm1but instead partially suppresses them, challenging our assumptions of the relationship between two conserved epigenetic silencing pathways.
高速铁路运营安全管理探析
Authors: 宗 成强
Published: December 2020

高速铁路运营安全管理是保证高速铁路建设发展和整体经济效益最大化的关键所在。新时期高速铁路运输事业快速发展，为国家发展战略、城市经济与居民交通出行奠定了稳定基础。论文通过对高速铁路运营安全管理存在问题进行分析，探讨了安全管理的方法策略
TDS智能干选机在煤矿中的研究与应用
Authors: 高 嵩
Published: December 2020

论文介绍了TDS智能矸选系统的作用意义，从技术报告中阐述了智能矸选系统在内蒙能源某矿应用的主要特点，在与其他洗选系统比较中进一步扩大了其优越性，最后从效益分析中确定了智能矸选系统的推广意义。
南水北调中线古运河枢纽暗渠进口叠梁检修闸门、埋件安装施工及质量管理
Authors: 郭 晓雯
Published: December 2020

在研究叠梁闸门的结构特点、现场施工状况、设备安装流程的基础上，立足于现有的施工设备和技术条件，采取安全、经济可靠的施工方法和技术措施对施工过程以及施工质量加以控制，既保证了安装质量，也加快了安装进度。
The landscape of COVID-19 clinical trials in Latin America and the Caribbean: assessment and challenges
Authors: Carracedo Sarah , Palmero Ana , Neil Marcie , Hasan-Granier Anisa , Saenz Carla , Reveiz Ludovic
Published: December 2020

A considerable number of clinical trials is being conducted globally in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, including in low- and middle-income countries such as those in the Latin America and Caribbean region (LAC). Yet, an abundance of studies does not necessarily shorten the path to find safe and efficacious interventions for COVID-19. We analyze the trials for COVID-19 treatment and prevention that are registered from LAC countries in the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and identify a trend towards small repetitive non-rigorous studies that duplicate efforts and drain limited resources without producing meaningful conclusions on the safety and efficacy of the interventions being tested. We further assess the challenges to conducting scientifically sound and socially valuable research in the LAC region in order to inform recommendations to encourage clinical trials that are most likely to produce robust evidence during the pandemic.
ALGUNS ASPECTOS DO PRINCÍPIO DA PRECAUÇÃO NO ÂMBITO INTERNACIONAL E INTERNO E AS SUAS (RE)DEFINIÇÕES NA INCERTEZA E NO RISCO
Authors: Bühring Marcia Andrea
Published: December 2020

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo principal verificar o tratamento dispensado ao princípio da precaução ao longo dos anos. Para tanto, o método utilizado foi o hipotético-dedutivo, e a técnica utilizada foi a revisão bibliográfica, que se justifica com a apresentação de forma linear dos principais aspectos do princípio estruturante e fundante da responsabilidade civil por dano ambiental, na ordem internacional e interna brasileira, no que se refere a legislação e aspectos tanto doutrinários como jurisprudenciais relevantes. Como conclusão, mostrar além das definições, também as redefinições necessárias na era da incerteza e do risco.
UM PESO, DUAS MEDIDAS: O ABATE RELIGIOSO ENTRE A DIGNIDADE DO ANIMAL NÃO HUMANO E DISCRIMINAÇÃO
Authors: Bittencourt Rocha Nicolle
Published: December 2020

Será analisada a relação entre a naturalidade do abate religioso no âmbito da igreja católica e a indignação referente ao abate religioso praticado pelas religiões de matriz africana. Dessa forma, serão abordadas duas perspectivas acerca do sacrifício religioso, em que a primeira revela a primazia da vedação de crueldade e a segunda demonstra a naturalização do abate religioso pertinente a determinadas religiões, sugerindo uma condição de preconceito e discriminação. Para tanto, a presente pesquisa utilizará do método bibliográfico, valendo-se da interpretação de dispositivos constitucionais e de normas constantes no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro pertinente à proteção animal e liberdade religiosa.
ANÁLISE DO PLANO DE PARTO COMO MECANISMO DE PREVENÇÃO DA VIOLÊNCIA OBSTÉTRICA SOB A ÓTICA DOS DIREITOS DA PERSONALIDADE
Authors: Moraes Carlos Alexandre , Yoshioka Anara Rebeca Ciscoto , Bonini Geisieli Mariany
Published: December 2020

Os direitos reprodutivos são direitos de personalidade e a violência obstétrica, marcada pela apropriação dos corpos gestantes pela equipe de saúde, constitui uma violação destes direitos. Assim, utilizando-se de método hipotético-dedutivo e pesquisa bibliográfica, buscou-se analisar se o plano de parto previne ou não essa violência de gênero. Estudos demonstram que quando aplicada, essa ferramenta empodera a pessoa e previne a violência; mas que é de difícil aproveitamento nos sistemas de saúde. Portanto, são necessárias políticas públicas que viabilizem a utilização do plano de parto pela pessoa e sua aplicação pela equipe técnica.
(IN)EXISTÊNCIA DE INDICAÇÃO GEOGRÁFICA AFETA AO COMPLEXO CULTURAL DO BUMBA MEU BOI: RECURSO ENDÓGENO COMO ESTRATÉGIA PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO LOCAL
Authors: Menezes André Francisco Cantanhede de , Ferreira Jussara Suzi Assis Borges Nasser
Published: December 2020

Objetivou-se neste estudo investigar se o Bumba Meu Boi, na forma praticado no estado do Maranhão, afigura-se como instrumento hábil à concretização do escopo desenvolvimentista a partir do advento de uma indicação geográfica. Trata-se de pesquisa de caráter exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa e delineamento fundado na verificação documental, utilizando-se dialeticidade. Conclui-se que o Complexo Cultural do Bumba Meu Boi do Maranhão se apresenta como recurso endógeno fundado na relação entre o elemento espacial (território) e o elemento humano, a partir de tradições culturais, constituindo em ativo regional intangível a ser utilizado como estratégia de desenvolvimento daquela comunidade.
RELAÇÃO OBRIGACIONAL ENTRE MÉDICO-PACIENTE: MEDICAMENTOS “OFF-LABEL” E RESPONSABILIDADE CIVIL
Authors: Corrêa Daniel Marinho , Amaral Ana Cláudia Zuin Mattos do
Published: December 2020

Em tempos pandêmicos ocasionados pelo coronavírus, verifica-se a ausência de tratamentos eficazes; com a urgência e a necessidade nascidas da desesperança, muitos recorrem para o uso de terapias não comprovadas, como a hidroxicloroquina, para as quais existem poucas evidências de eficácia. Nesse cenário, constata-se que não existe distinção na responsabilidade por prescrição “off-label” na conjuntura pandêmica e fora desta, no que concerne às suas consequências jurídicas no campo da responsabilidade civil. Utilizando-se o método dedutivo, confirma-se que as regras legislativas presentes no sistema jurídico brasileiro vão ao encontro do disposto no direito comparado, caminhando para a responsabilidade objetiva do médico.
A DESCONSIDERAÇÃO DA PESSOA JURÍDICA E A LEI DE LIBERDADE ECONÔMICA
Authors: CALURI LUCAS NAIF
Published: December 2020

A Lei da Liberdade Econômica trouxe novidades significativas no mundo jurídico, em especial no instituto da desconsideração da personalidade jurídica. Há uma nova perspectiva nas relações entre os particulares, dando-se mais valor ao princípio da autonomia da vontade das partes e o viés liberal. O presente trabalho, realizado com supedâneo na revisão bibliográfica da doutrina, enfrentará as novidades legislativas. O estudo traçará as novas linhas oferecidas pelo legislador, analisando-se detidamente o artigo 50 do Código Civil e a maior proteção aos negócios jurídicos firmados entre particulares.
ELECTRODOS MODIFICADOS CON NANOPARTÍCULAS DE ORO Y SU APLICACIÓN EN BIOSENSORES ELECTRIQUÍMICOS QUE UTILIZAN "HORSERADISH PEROXIDASE" COMO SISTEMA DE BIORECONOSIMIENTO BIOLÓGICO: DETECCIÓN DE PERÓXIDO DE HIDRÓGENO
Authors: Fernández Martínez Lenys Mercedes
Published: December 2020

Las reacciones de transferencia de electrones de biomoléculas son un foco importante de extensas investigaciones en Químicas, Físicas y Bioquímicas. La electroquímica proporciona herramientas poderosas para estudiar procesos de transferencia de electrones en sistemas bioquímicos, siendo las enzimas moléculas de particular interés. Entre los nanomateriales para la inmovilización enzimas sobre superficies electródicas, las nanopartículas de oro son una buena alternativa por sus propiedades: biocompatibilidad, alta propiedades electroáctivas, fuerte capacidad de adsorción, relación superficie-volumen y alta actividad catalítica. El peróxido de hidrógeno (H2O2), sustrato de la enzima "Horseradish Peroxidase", desempeña papeles críticos en sistemas industriales, biológicos, farmacéuticos y muchos otros campos. El nivel de concentración de H2O2 es un parámetro biológico significativo en el estudio de la enfermedad como el Alzheimer, infarto de miocardio, enfermedad de Parkinson, Cáncer, etc. Por lo anterior, es de gran importancia desarrollar métodos eficientes para la detección sensible y selectiva de H2O2 bajo condiciones fisiológicas. En el presente manuscrito, se revisan el uso de nanopartículas de oro en electrodos modificados enzimáticos (biosensores) para la determinación de H2O2. Los resultados más relevantes indican que las nanopartículas de oro favorecen la transferencia directa de electrones entre la proteína redox y el electrodo. Las nanopartículas de oro, proporcionan un entorno natural para la inmovilización biomolecular que permite su mayor estabilidad y tiempo de vida sobre el electrodo.
Personality traits in citizen expectations towards public services
Authors: Hjortskov Morten
Published: December 2020

Prior expectations are an important determining factor of how citizens evaluate politicians, government and public services. Typically, citizen expectations are divided into two main categories: predictive (“will”) expectations and normative (“should”) expectations. Theories of expectations say that predictive expectations are the sterile and indifferent prediction of future events, while normative expectations have a foundation in personal norms and values and express how the world should look according to the individual. Therefore, normative expectations should have antecedents more closely related to the individual’s personality than predictive expectations. However, these theoretical claims regarding the nature of the two different expectation types have not yet been tested empirically. Examining broad personality traits (Big Five) and The Maximizing Tendency trait, this exploratory study analyzes whether different personality antecedents explain the two types of expectations. Results show that the personality traits agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness correlate positively, and extraversion negatively, with normative expectations. None of the traits correlate with predictive expectations. These results have implications for politicians’ efforts to shape citizens’ expectations, the citizen satisfaction literature, including work considering the expectation-disconfirmation model, and for further research on citizen expectations.
Изучение подлинности растительного сырья методом петиолярной анатомии на примере некоторых видов рода горец Persicaria Mill.
Authors: Гудкова А. , Агафонов В. , Негробов В. , Щепилова О. , Чистякова А. , Сорокина А. , Сливкин А.
Published: December 2020

Эффективным методом диагностики и подтверждения подлинности растительного сырья является петиолярная анатомия — анатомо-гистологический анализ структуры черешка листа. Род горец Persicaria Mill. чрезвычайно перспективен в плане использования в лечебных и производственных целях. Объектами изучения выступали горец почечуйный, горец щавелелистный, горец шероховатый, горец узловатый, горец войлочный, горец Бриттингера, горец перечный, горец малый и 2 формы горца земноводного. Несмотря на характерный для данного рода полиморфизм видов, в работе приведены главные критерии отнесения представителей рода Persicaria Mill. к тому или иному виду и определения их подлинности по анатомическим характеристикам рахиса при фармакогностическом анализе.
Una fosa común en el interior de Argentina: el Cementerio de San Vicente
Authors: Olmo Darío , Salado Puerto Mercedes
Published: December 2020

Forensic anthropology had a fundamental role to play in the process of investigations about State Terrorism in Argentina during the last century, and still does: that of exhuming the unidentified bodies still buried in common and individual graves and of analyzing the recovered remains towards their identification and determination of the cause of death. In the case described here, forensic anthropological and archaeological skills were essential in locating the mass graves at San Vicente, Córdoba, distinguishing among disappeared and non-disappeared dead, determining identity, and reconstructing the manner in which the disappeared were killed.
Dos generaciones, un entierro: perspectivas osteobiográficas aplicadas al sitio Banda Meridional del Lago, Embalse de Río Tercero, Córdoba, Argentina
Authors: Zárate Paloma , González Claudina , Tavarone Aldana , Fabra Mariana
Published: December 2020

The aim of this article is to reconstruct, from an osteobiographical perspective, the life history of a woman who inhabited the mountainous region of Córdoba during the final late Holocene, considering two stages during her life, childhood and adulthood. From a social bioarchaeological perspective, it is interesting to “humanize the past”, combining bioarcheological and archaeological information with a fictional narrative story, an alternative form to the main genre of archaeological and bioarcheological writing. We conducted osteobiographical studies, including the determination of sex, estimation of age and laterality, and detected macro- and microscopic pathological lesions, as well as entesial and degenerative changes. Isotopic (δ13C, δ15N), archaeobotany (silicophyitolites and starches contained in dental tartar) and genetics (mitochondrial lineage) information were incorporated into the case study. This study allowed us to explore a single unique life story, shaped by the sociocultural dynamics of a village community. The corporeal experiences of this woman concede us a way to comprehend her health, her diet, habits and uses of the body. In particular, her burial, together with an infant located at her feet in a ceramic vessel, leads us to (re)think the relationships between the dead, the living and their ancestors, from a relational perspective and overcoming merely biological associations.