bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Potencial de uso de declaração ambiental de produto para auxiliar em compras públicas verdes na construção civil
Authors: Timm Janaine Fernanda Gaelzer , Passuello Ana Carolina Badalotti
Published: March 2021

Resumo As compras públicas movimentam quantia considerável de recursos financeiros e têm o potencial de induzir práticas mais sustentáveis. Entretanto, permanecem barreiras para a sua efetiva implementação. O Programa das Nações Unidas para o Meio Ambiente aponta que um instrumento para auxiliar as compras públicas verdes (CPV) são fichas com informações ambientais, que facilitam a escolha e comparação entre alternativas e podem ser baseadas em técnicas de gestão ambiental como a avaliação do ciclo de vida (ACV) e/ou em declarações ambientais de produto (DAP). O objetivo deste artigo é explorar a abordagem do ciclo de vida nas CPV por meio da análise de DAP, e como suas informações podem integrar um instrumento para a construção civil. O trabalho conta com quatro etapas: análise do contexto; avaliação da estrutura das DAP; identificação das barreiras e oportunidades; investigação das DAP em CPV. Observa-se que o emprego das DAP nas fichas facilita o processo de elaboração e atualização delas, pois elas permitem a comparação entre produtos e a análise do equivalente ambiental, enquanto a ACV garante respaldo científico. Os resultados da revisão crítica mostram, ainda, que CPV são incipientes no contexto brasileiro, mas podem ser expandidas através do instrumento proposto no presente trabalho.
Analyzing the early structural build-up of accelerated cement pastes
Authors: Dorn Tobias , Hirsch Tamino , Stephan Dietmar
Published: March 2021

Extrusion-based additive manufacturing imposes high requirements on the material stability right after the extrusion. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the chemical reactions that determine the early reduction in processability is necessary. Accelerators are especially considered here, which have a major influence on the early reaction. This study contributes to these issues by analyzing the influence of 0.1 wt% TEA (triethanolamine) and 2.0 wt% Ca(NO3)2 on the hydration of two CEM I 52.5 R. The hydration was analyzed by isothermal heat flow calorimetry and in-situ X-ray diffraction. Vicat needle penetration, a penetrometer of own design, and ultrasonic P-wave velocity development were used to monitor the early change in workability. The obtained results indicate that ettringite formation is the main factor influencing workability during the first 60 min of hydration. Afterwards, the influence of ettringite is exceeded by the formation of C–S–H. Ca(NO3)2 was shown to enhance C–S–H formation and had no significant effect on the workability during the first 60 min of hydration while rapidly decreasing workability during the induction period. TEA was shown to increase brownmillerite dissolution and ettringite formation and, consequently, promote the workability loss during the initial hydration period. The time of initial and final setting determined by the Vicat needle test depended mainly on the formation of C–S–H phases.
Briefing: Beyond Brexit: trade and procurement implications for the UK construction industry
Authors: Charlson Jennifer
Published: March 2021

The UK left the EU, commonly referred to as ‘Brexit’, on 31 January 2020. From 31 December 2020, new EU law does not apply and the European Court of Justice no longer has jurisdiction in the UK. The new EU–UK relationship, which began on 1 January 2021, is explained. The majority of the provisions of the EU–UK Trade and Cooperation Agreement (TCA) came into force in the UK on 31 December 2020. Significant issues for the construction industry are detailed, including supply chain concerns, the ‘level-playing-field’ implications, restrictions on the movement of people, limitations on the recognition of professional qualifications and different product standards. Regarding procurement, the TCA has mandated consideration of environmental, labour and social issues and that UK and EU suppliers must be treated equally in both the UK and EU. The UK is now an independent signatory to the World Trade Organization’s Agreement on Government Procurement. Northern Ireland, as an outcome of the Northern Ireland Protocol, has in effect remained in the EU’s single market for goods.
BP in Young Adults with CKD and Associations with Cardiovascular Events and Decline in Kidney Function
Authors: Kula Alexander J. , Prince David K. , Flynn Joseph T. , Bansal Nisha
Published: March 2021

Significance Statement

Although young adults (aged 18–40 years) with CKD are at risk for poor cardiovascular and renal outcomes, with hypertension an important and potentially modifiable risk factor, they are largely absent from observational studies and clinical trials of BP in patients with CKD. To address this knowledge gap, this observational study provides a description of BP and its relation to outcomes specifically in young adults with CKD. It demonstrates that among young adults with CKD, higher BP is associated with cardiovascular events (particularly heart failure) and CKD progression. The study’s findings may provide a foundation for future work to develop best practices for BP management in young adults with CKD and improve outcomes.

Background

BP is an important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular events and CKD progression in middle-aged or older adults with CKD. However, studies describing the relationship between BP with outcomes in young adults with CKD are limited.

Methods

In an observational study, we focused on 317 young adults (aged 21–40 years) with mild to moderate CKD enrolled in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study. Exposures included baseline systolic BP evaluated continuously (per 10 mm Hg increase) and in categories (<120, 120–129, and ≥130 mm Hg). Primary outcomes included cardiovascular events (heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, or all-cause death) and CKD progression (50% decline of eGFR or ESKD). We used Cox proportional hazard models to test associations between baseline systolic BP with cardiovascular events and CKD progression.

Results

Cardiovascular events occurred in 52 participants and 161 had CKD progression during median follow-up times of 11.3 years and 4.1 years, respectively. Among those with baseline systolic BP ≥130 mm Hg, 3%/yr developed heart failure, 20%/yr had CKD progression, and 2%/yr died. In fully adjusted models, baseline systolic BP ≥130 mm Hg (versus systolic BP<120 mm Hg) was significantly associated with cardiovascular events or death (hazard ratio [HR], 2.13; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.05 to 4.32) and CKD progression (HR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.10 to 2.58).

Conclusions

Among young adults with CKD, higher systolic BP is significantly associated with a greater risk of cardiovascular events and CKD progression. Trials of BP management are needed to test targets and treatment strategies specifically in young adults with CKD.
Sociality of Journalism and Mass Media:Methodological Approaches
Authors: Korkonosenko Sergey
Published: March 2021

The concept of sociality in respect to journalism and mass media has not been studied in detail. Meanwhile, it is a significant and detached characteristic which deserves targeted studying. In social science, sociality is determined as interaction between people based on shared values. The author correlates this definition with academic views on the social function of journalism, as well as tries to find the balance between IT factors and social factors in the current period of evolution of journalism. Special attention is given to the integrative role of journalism in everyday life. In the context of of sociality, journalism and mass media are considered societal phenomena, taking into account all clarifications of typological features of certain mass media and other communication channels.
The article provides a review of research papers on the topic, including national and foreign publications. The aim is to study the content and determine trends in the development of sociality of journalism and mass media. The key methodology applied by the author is a combination of institutional and socio-cultural approaches to studying socialtity. The first one emphasizes orderliness of social relationships, whereas the second focuses on particular attributes of people’s community that make up the content of social life. The socio-cultural view on sociality helps to identify peculiarities of journalism culture in a country, namely, in Russia, where it derives from the social diversity and multi-cultural environment.
The research enables the author to make certain inferences regarding the growing influence of journalism and mass media on the way social interaction is organized.
An Analysis of Representation of Activities of Russias and Chinas Political Leaders in Rossijskaja Gazeta and Zhjen'min' Zhibao
Authors: Lin Chuanzhao
Published: March 2021

Currently, Russia’s and China’s political leaders’ activities are the focus of journalists’ and mass media’s attention in both countries. Besides, the way the national leader is represented in mass media has a significant impact on the information agenda both inside and outside each country. The author of the article studies the features of this media representation, and makes a content analysis by quality and quantity of publications in Rossijskaja Gazeta and Zhjen’min’ Zhibao newspapers in the period 2018–2019. Basing on the results of a comparative analysis of the research data, the author makes an inference that peculiarities of the representation of the political figures’ activities largely depend on the topical political agenda, ideological attitudes, national historical and cultural features, the international context, and the national leader’s personality. Mass media, being an intermediary between authorities and public, play the leading role in establishing communication between them and making it effective, which is a prerequisite for the state’s successful development. People's trust in authorities may be considered important factor of stable social, political and economic development. Media representation of the national leaders of Russia and China, two of the world’s superpowers, is not only an important form of interaction inside the countries, but also a key factor of successful international cooperation. The topicality of the study is determined by the intensifying mediatization of politics in general, and growing awareness of the dependence between the global media image of a national leader and that of the country he or she runs. Moreover, for a complete picture, it is necessary to identify job factors for journalists working in this sphere, and compare the approaches to representing the national leaders and their actions in the two countries.
Mortality in the Novosibirsk Region in the 1990s
Authors:   Kuibyshev Branch of the Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Burmatov Alexander ,   Institute of History SB RAS
Published: March 2021

The article examines the evolution of population mortality in the Novosibirsk region on the eve and during the period of radical economic reforms. This is a period of dramatic growth in mortality, a sharp decline in life expectancy until 1994, and a gradual increase in life expectancy in 1995–1998.
A study on pattern of lower respiratory tract infections in children below 12 years of age admitted to KIMS hospital, amalapuram.
Authors:   Professor & Head, Department of Paediatrics, Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Foundation, Amalapuram, Andhra Pradesh, India, Ramesh Dr. T.V. , Kanth Dr. Nadakuditi Naveen ,   Resident, Department of Paediatrics, Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Foundation, Amalapuram, Andhra Pradesh, India, M Dr. Swagath ,   Resident, Department of Paediatrics, Konaseema Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Foundation, Amalapuram, Andhra Pradesh, India
Published: March 2021

Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARI) in children less than five years are the leadingcauses of mortality. A study was conducted to know the incidence of different types of LRTIs and thecommon causative organisms. Methods: Routine investigations were carried out on 824 hospitalizedchildren over 18 months and with special investigations like X-ray chest, USG chest, blood culture,pleural fluid analysis, tuberculin skin test, and CBNAAT for tuberculosis.the data were analyzed.Results: Out of 100 cases, 2 cases were diagnosed as tuberculosis. Others, i.e., 97 improved anddischarged. The minimum hospital stay was 3 days, and the maximum was 21 days. The incidenceof LRTI in children was maximum (48%) in 1 – 4 years age and Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM )was detected in 72% children. PEM I was maximum (35%) followed by PEM II (16%), PEM III(12%) and PEM IV (9%. Bronchopneumonia was diagnosed maximum (52%) followed bybronchiolitis (12%). Mantoux test was positive in 21%. Staphylococcus aureus was isolatedmaximum and no significant drug resistance was identified. Conclusion: Maximum incidence ofLRTIs were detected between the age group of 1 – 4 years, malnutrition was an associated factor.
Relationship Between the Use of Digital Devices and Personal and Emotional Development in Preschool Children
Authors: Veraksa A.N. , Bukhalenkova D.A. , Chichinina E.A. , Almazova O.V.
Published: March 2021

As the use of electronic media device is becoming widespread in preschool children, there is an obvious need to explore this new social situation of development and to analyse the effects of digital environment on children’s personality and emotional development.The paper presents data from 65 studies conducted from 2010 to 2020 which were aimed at exploring the effects of screen time and electronic content on child development at preschool age.The results suggest that viewing of inappropriate content is associated with higher aggression levels and lower levels of social skills and prosocial behavior, whereas viewing of appropriate content is associated with higher prosocial behavior and social skills level.The amount of viewing (screen time) is related to higher levels of aggressive behavior and lower levels of prosocial behavior, social skills and cognitive aspects of personality and emotional development.
Developing Structural Components of Ecological Consciousness to Promote Civic Identity Formation
Authors: Sorokoumova E.A. , Cherdymova E.I.
Published: March 2021

The article deals with the development of structural components of environmental consciousness for the formation of an individual’s civic identity.The psychodiagnostic research was conducted using the data collected from the first- to fourth-year students.In total, 130 students from various fields of study participated in this study, including students in the Humanities, Natural Sciences, and Technology departments.The study was carried out using the techniques developed by the authors and the technique by S.D.Deryabo and V.A.Yasvin ‘EZOP’.To check the relationship between the ecological attitude and the civic identity of the individual, we used mathematical methods.We hypothesized that the civic identity, which reflects the affiliation of an individual to the civil society of a particular state, has a complex multi-component structure and includes the structural components of the ecological consciousness; therefore, by promoting the development of the structural components of the ecological consciousness, we can contribute to the formation of the civic identity as well.Based on the obtained results, we conclude that the ecological consciousness and its structural components (in particular, the ecological attitude) are closely related to the civic identity of the individual.We show that developing environmental attitudes in students has a positive impact on the formation of their civic identity.This study concludes that there is a direct relationship between the development of environmental attitudes and such structural components of the civic identity as the attitude towards other, people, family, homeland, and nature.
Agriculture Monitoring System Using IoT: A Review Paper
Authors: Ali Hasnain Hafiz Saad Ahmad,
Published: March 2021

In recent years evolution of Internet of Things has brought revolution in many different sectors.  The agriculture sector has become efficient and cost effective due to role of IoT. Monitoring systems has become the crucial part of agriculture. In past few years lot of work is been done and many systems has been purposed in this regard. In this paper we are going to make comparison between 4 different agriculture monitoring systems. We are also going to discuss what type of hardware including different sensors are used in those systems. We are also going to discuss software and platform on which those applications run. We will also discuss processing mechanism and what kind of algorithms are used in these systems and in the last we are going to make a comparative table based on these parameters.
Accuracy of Model Estimation versus Tanaka and Johnston Arch Length Analysis
Authors: White Lauren M , Kirk Nathan E , Dean Jeffrey A
Published: March 2021

Objectives: This study examines how accurate pediatric dentists are at estimating dental arch lengths by comparing their model estimations (guesstimating the arch length without measuring) to the Tanaka and Johnston mixed dentition arch length analysis. Study Design: This study consisted of two parts, a survey of practitioners and a model estimating and measuring component. The survey was designed and given to 44 pediatric dentists to determine how many were practicing orthodontics and using arch length analyses routinely. Then 18 pediatric dentists and 13 pediatric dental residents examined 20 sets of mixed dentition models and estimated how much space was available. These estimations were compared to the calculated gold standard, the Tanaka and Johnston arch length analysis of the same models. Results and Conclusions: More than half of the dentists surveyed that practice comprehensive orthodontics use arch length estimates. Pediatric dentists and pediatric dental residents are just as good as each other at estimating arch length. Pediatric dentists and pediatric dental residents underestimated arch length by –3.6 and –3.1 mm, respectively. More research needs to be done to determine if model estimation is a clinically acceptable way to judge arch length.
Teledentistry Platforms for Orthodontics
Authors: Park Jae Hyun , Rogowski Leah , Kim Janet H , Al Shami Sumayah , Howell Scott E I
Published: March 2021

Technology has transformed almost every aspect of our lives. Smartphones enable patients to request, receive, and transmit information irrespective of the time and place. The global pandemic has forced healthcare providers to employ technology to aid in ‘flattening the curve. The Novel Coronavirus, which is responsible for COVID-19, is transmitted primarily through person-to-person contact but may also be spread through aerosol generating procedures, so many clinics have severely limited interpersonal interactions. The purpose of this article is to provide helpful information for those orthodontists considering some form of remote practice. Various HIPAA-compliant telecommunication or teledentistry systems that can be used for orthodontic treatment are introduced and discussed. Detailed information about each platform that can potentially be used for orthodontics is provided in Figure 1. The authors do not endorse any of the products listed and the included software is not all inclusive but instead is a glimpse into the options available.
Seismic Waveform Data from Greece and Cyprus: Integration, Archival, and Open Access
Authors: Evangelidis Christos P. , Triantafyllis Nikolaos , Samios Michalis , Boukouras Kostas , Kontakos Kyriakos , Ktenidou Olga-Joan , Fountoulakis Ioannis , Kalogeras Ioannis , Melis Nikolaos S. , Galanis Odysseus , Papazachos Costas B. , Hatzidimitriou Panagiotis , Scordilis Emmanuel , Sokos Efthimios , Paraskevopoulos Paraskevas , Serpetsidaki Anna , Kaviris George , Kapetanidis Vasilis , Papadimitriou Panayotis , Voulgaris Nicholas , Kassaras Ioannis , Chatzopoulos George , Makris Ioannis , Vallianatos Filippos , Kostantinidou Kyriaki , Papaioannou Christos , Theodoulidis Nikos , Margaris Basil , Pilidou Sylvana , Dimitriadis Iordanis , Iosif Paris , Manakou Maria , Roumelioti Zafeiria , Pitilakis Kyriazis , Riga Evi , Drakatos Giorgos , Kiratzi Anastasia , Tselentis G.-Akis
Published: March 2021

The National Observatory of Athens data center for the European Integrated Data Archive (EIDA@NOA) is the national and regional node that supports International Federation of Digital Seismograph Networks and related webservices for seismic waveform data coming from the southeastern Mediterranean and the Balkans. At present, it serves data from eight permanent broadband and strong-motion networks from Greece and Cyprus, individual stations from the Balkans, temporary networks and aftershock deployments, and earthquake engineering experimental facilities. EIDA@NOA provides open and unlimited access from redundant node end points, intended mainly for research purposes (see Data and Resources). Analysis and quality control of the complete seismic data archive is performed initially by calculating waveform metrics and data availability. Seismic ambient noise metrics are estimated based on power spectral densities, and an assessment of each station’s statistical mode is achieved within each network and across networks. Moreover, the minimum ambient noise level expected for strong-motion installations is defined. Sensor orientation is estimated using surface-wave polarization methods to detect stations with misalignment on particular epochs. A single data center that hosts the complete seismic data archives with their respective metadata from networks covering similar geographical areas allows coordination between network operators and facilitates the adhesion to widely used best practices regarding station installation, data curation, and metadata definition. The overall achievement is harmonization among all contributing networks and a wider usage of all data archives, ultimately strengthening seismological research efforts in the region.
Sakarya Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesine Başvuran Hastaların HOMA-IR Değerlerinin Yaş ve Cinsiyet Faktörü Açısından Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ÖZDİN Mehmet , YAZAR Hayrullah , MUNDAN Durhasan
Published: March 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, farklı rahatsızlıklar sebebiyle hastanemizin farklı polikliniklerine başvuran bireylerin HOMA-IR değerlerini tespit etmek amaçlanmıştır. Bu çalışma, bireylerin insülin direncini belirlemek için yapılmıştır.
Materyal Metot: Çalışmamızda, hastanemizin farklı polikliniklerine başvuran 7815 hastaya ait veriler incelenerek insülin direnci parametreleri kaydedildi. Materyal olarak 7815 hasta (1740 erkek, 6075 kadın) değerlendirildi. Bu çalışmada insülin direnci; homeostatic model değerlendirme (HOMA) metoduyla ölçüldü. Homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) skoru ≥ 2.7 değerlere sahip olan bireylerin insülin direnci olduğu kabul edildi.
Bulgular: Hastanemizin farklı polikliniklerine müracaat eden hastaların yaş ortalaması 40.89±0.16 yıl olarak hesaplandı. Bu hastaların 4681’i (%59.90) insülin dirençli olduğu hesaplandı. İnsülin direnci olan ve olmayan grup arasında yaş ve cinsiyet açısından istatistik olarak anlamlı bir farklılık (p<0.001) bulundu.
Sonuç: Toplamda 7815 kişi değerlendirildi. Hastaneye başvuran bireylerin %59.90’ı (4681 kişi) diabetes mellitusa yakalanma riskinin daha yüksek olduğu sonucuna varıldı. Diyabet hastalarında rutin olarak HOMA-IR testinin yapılması önerildi. Bu bulguların diyabetik olmayan hastalarda da bulunması kardiyovasküler mortalite riskini artıracağından daha yakın takip edilmesi gerektiği kanaatine varıldı.
Assessing Ethanol Yield from Fermented Juice of Local and Exotic Sweet Sorghum Varieties Grown in Sudan
Authors: Abdalbagi Salma I. , Mohammed Maarouf I.
Published: March 2021

An experiment was conducted in 2017 at Alwaha Project, Khartoum State to study the potential of ethanol yield from fermented juice of local and exotic sweet sorghums. 40 genotypes were arranged in RCB design. Juice yield, ethanol yield as percentage of fermented juice, actual and theoretical ethanol yields were studied. The Baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) was used in the fermentation process. ANOVA tests, correlation and regression analysis of actual vs theoretical ethanol yield were performed. Significant differences were detected among genotypes for ethanol yields. High ethanol yields as percentage from fermented juice were obtained, but ethanol yield per hectare was relatively low due to low juice yields. The genotypes BlueRibbon and KensasCollies from exotic materials; 5AbjSG51 and S.154 Ab70 from local materials were identified as promising for ethanol production. Correlation between actual ethanol yield and Juice yield was positive and highly significant. Regression analysis indicated that theoretical ethanol yield was little bit overestimated. It was concluded that juice yield is more crucial than ethanol concentration in maximizing ethanol yield of sweet sorghum. More efforts are needed to develop high juice-yielding genotypes. Juice maximization can also be achieved by using efficient milling devices and optimizing cultural practices.
Riesgo climático y definición de estrategias financieras para su mitigación en el sector agua y saneamiento en ALC: Inundaciones: Implicaciones de los acuerdos de París (NDCs) en la gestión de riesgo
Authors: López José Luis
Published: March 2021

En el presente documento se resume un análisis de las implicaciones que tendría el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones y los acuerdos de Paris (COP21/ NDCs), específicamente en lo referente a la reducción del riesgo de inundaciones y aludes torrenciales en América Latina y El Caribe. Este documento forma parte del componente de Inundaciones del estudio llamado Riesgo climático y definición de estrategias financieras para su mitigación en el sector agua y saneamiento en ALC (2018).
ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT STATE OF TEACHING THE SUBJECT OF GEOGRAPHY OF PUPILS WITH MILD INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY
Authors: Sulovska Monika , Tomaskova Miroslava , Vancova Alica
Published: March 2021

The article maps the current state of learning the subject geography for pupils with a mild degree of mental disability in the condition of special classes and special primary schools in Slovakia. The aim of the research was to identify, describe and analyze the needs of teachers of geography in these two educational environments. The data was obtained from 78 teachers of geography by using the questionnaire method. The analysis of data revealed the biggest shortcomings not only in the methodological support of this subject but also in the absence of teacher´s education. Statistically based research results point not only to the absence of digital educational content but also to the more frequented use of digital technologies, to which a new form of distance education has contributed to a large extent.
Бунт гревтунгов во Фригии в 399–400 гг.: пример неудачной адаптации варваров в Восточной Римской империи
Authors: Назаров Андрей Дмитриевич
Published: March 2021

статье анализируются причины и характер восстания готов-гревтунгов во Фригии в 399–400 гг. Регулярные части из этих варваров были сформированы в 395–396 г. и отправлены на защиту Осроены от гуннов-хионитов. После окончания военных действий они были переведены обратно во Фригию, в которой проживали с 386 г. Следом гревтунги подняли мятеж, поводом к чему стал отказ препозита священной опочивальни Евтропия вознаградить варваров за боевые успехи. Это решение было воспринято готами как игнорирование заслуг, которое они предпочли компенсировать за счет грабежа городов и деревень в диоцезе Азия. Мигрировавшие в империю в 386 г. гревтунги были объединением воинов, идентичность которого основывалась на совместном участии в военных походах. Соответственно, многие проблемы, возникавшие перед ними, они пытались решать, используя грубую силу. Отдельного внимания заслуживает мотивация командира отряда гревтунгов Трибигильда. Несмотря на то, что этот военачальник находился в восточноримской армии на постоянной службе, он продолжал восприниматься рядовыми готами как вождь, который должен обеспечить справедливое распределение добычи. Трибигильд же рассматривал бунт против императора как способ сохранить авторитет в глазах своих сородичей и соратников.
Финансовое положение России при Временном правительстве в 1917 г.: новый взгляд на историографию вопроса
Authors: Пушкарёва Ирина Михайловна
Published: March 2021

В статье отражена история финансов России при Временном правительстве в 1917 году. Обобщающая достижения российской историографии, она обращает внимание на общие черты политики Временного правительства, на роль банков в обстановке ухудшения экономического положения народа в стране, на взаимоотношения России с союзниками в Первой мировой войне – Англией и Францией. Бессилие правительства в обстановке политического кризиса толкало тех, кто имел доступ к экономическим рычагам управления, к радикальным мерам: распродаже национальных богатств, к свободному доступу в страну представителей иностранного капитала. В особенности привлекательными казались им богатые ископаемыми сибирские земли, золотоносные рудники Алтая, окраинные земли на Дальнем Востоке, острове Сахалин. Автор убежден, что остановить «кровопускание российской финансовой системы» могли только радикальные усилия крепкой государственной власти.
Impact of Government Expenditure on Economic Growth In Sub-Saharan Africa: A Validity of Wagner’s Law
Authors: Kolapo Funsho , Bolanle Azeez , Mokuolu Joseph , Oluwaleye Taiwo , Alabi Kehinde
Published: March 2021

The study investigated the impact of government expenditure on economic growth with special inclination to testing the Wagner’s law in Sub Saharan Africa between 1986 and 2018. Adopting the Panel first generation tests as well as the Panel Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Pairwise Causality techniques, it was revealed that government expenditure causes economic growth rendering the Wagner’s law is invalid in the Sub-Saharan region. Also, it was further discovered that capital and recurrent expenditure exert negative effect on economic growth while total expenditure has positive effect on economic growth in the region. Therefore, based on the negativity of capital and recurrent expenditure, it is recommended that capital and recurrent expenditure must be monitored effectively to ensure that its increase will not exert any negative effect on economic growth while stringent measures as well as checks and balances must be adopted to curb corruption in Sub-Saharan Africa to ensure that funds are used exclusively for their intended purposes especially those pertaining to capital projects.
Perspectiva de Género y Cooperativas No Agropecuarias en Cuba. Potenciales contribuciones desde la asesoría jurídica
Authors: Rodríguez Musa Orestes , Valle Ríos Deibby
Published: March 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo es fundamentar algunas propuestas destinadas a contribuir, desde la asesoría jurídica, con el fortalecimiento de la equidad de género en las Cooperativas No Agropecuarias de la provincia de Pinar del Río. Para ello primero se caracteriza, desde una perspectiva de género, la realidad de estas formas asociativas en la provincia. A continuación, se analiza teóricamente el proceso de asesoría jurídica, así como su contribución a la identidad cooperativa. Por último, se argumenta un conjunto de potenciales contribuciones desde el proceso de asesoría jurídica a la equidad de género en las Cooperativas No Agropecuarias del territorio.

Recibido: 26 noviembre 2018Aceptado: 21 diciembre 2018
Las «benefit corporations» norteamericanas
Authors: Zavala Ortiz de la Torre Iñigo
Published: March 2021

La Benefit Corporation es la nueva forma de empresa social surgida en el panorama legislativo norteamericano. Sobre la base de una estructura de sociedad mercantil capitalista, se pretende poder obtener resultados en beneficio del interés general. Este tipo social, trata de aunar los legítimos intereses financieros de los accionistas, con los de los otros stakeholders de la compañía. Para ello los administradores deberán aplicarse en la obtención de beneficios, pero a través del ejercicio de una actividad empresarial que, en su conjunto, tenga un impacto positivo en la sociedad y en el medio ambiente. Este impacto positivo, deberá poder ser, a su vez, objeto de evaluación a través de su contraste con normas estandarizadas, ideadas y aprobadas por terceros.

Recibido: 10 junio 2013Aceptado: 30 julio 2013
Do uso fraudulento das cooperativas de trabalho no Brasil
Authors: Rangel Rosso Nelson Rocco Antonio
Published: March 2021

O arcabouço normativo protetivo que reveste o trabalhador, o qual possui a finalidade de humanizar e dar um conteúdo ético social ao lucro proveniente da atividade capitalista, é constantemente atacado pelo empresariado que busca, de toda forma, reduzir os custos com os direitos básicos/fundamentais do trabalho, fruto de um processo histórico de constitucionalização. Um dos subterfúgios utilizados tem sido a constituição fraudulenta de cooperativas de trabalho, com o fim de desnaturar um verdadeiro vínculo empregatício, onde o empregador simularia essa relação por meio de um contrato de prestação de serviço com a cooperativa de trabalho, sendo esta uma intermediária de mão-de-obra, indo contra todos os postulados axiológicos do cooperativismo. A pesquisa em tela faz uso de uma metodologia de análise qualitativa, usando-se os métodos de abordagem hipotético-dedutivos de caráter descritivo e analítico, tendo por fundo analisar os novos enunciados normativos da Lei n.º 12.690 de 2012, que veio criar o marco regulatório das cooperativas de trabalho com fito de proporcionar uma clareza na relação jurídica entre o contratante e o contratado de forma a distinguir a relação empregatícia e a relação de prestação de serviço feito por uma cooperativa, de sorte a desestimular a prática odiosa do desvirtuamento do cooperativismo.

Recibido: 10 enero 2014Aceptado: 17 septiembre 20144
La función inspectora en materia de sociedades cooperativas
Authors: Díez Ácimas Luis Ángel
Published: March 2021

Las diferentes leyes reguladoras de las sociedades cooperativas en el Estado Español recogen en su articulado una parte dedicada a fijar las líneas básicas de las relaciones de este tipo de sociedades con la administración pública, incluyendo el ejercicio de la función inspectora y sancionadora por parte de ésta en materia de sociedades cooperativas. Partiendo del análisis de las diferentes leyes, se realiza este estudio sobre dicha función inspectora, reflejando como se recogen en aquéllas, materias tales como la atribución de la función inspectora, los sujetos responsables, la tipificación de infracciones y sanciones, las normas básicas del procedimiento sancionador, así como las medidas de intervención temporal de las cooperativas y su descalificación, lo que nos permitirá concluir que, también, en esta materia hay considerables diferencias entre las leyes aplicables.

Recibido: 20 septiembre 2014Aceptado: 10 octubre 2014
Las agencias de viajes receptivas cubanas: una quimera entre un modelo societario y un modelo cooperativo
Authors: Martínez Montenegro Isnel
Published: March 2021

Las empresas de intermediación turística en los países receptores, adquieren la forma de compañías mercantiles. En Cuba la intermediación turística se desarrolla a través de las agencias de viajes, y la ley prohíbe otras modalidades de intermediadores. En este sentido una propuesta de quimera entre el modelo societario existente y el cooperativo pudiera contribuir al desarrollo de la comercialización de los productos turísticos, logrando una mejor gestión si se logra, además, que funcionen incorporando los principios del cooperativismo moderno.

Recibido: 23 octubre 2015Aceptado: 30 noviembre 2015
Development of a centralized, remote clinical pharmacy service to enhance primary care
Authors: Finkelstein Rachel J. , Parker Christopher P. , Levy Barcey T. , Carter Barry L. , Kennelty Korey
Published: March 2021

More than 50% of Americans possess at least one chronic condition and another 25% suffer from two or more, leaving primary care teams tasked to care for the chronic, acute, and preventive care needs of their large patient panels. Pharmacists can reduce the burden on busy providers by effectively managing chronic diseases as members of health care teams. Many private physician practices lack the resources to include pharmacists on their teams.  A centralized, remote clinical pharmacy services model allows pharmacists to remotely manage chronic disease in patients in collaboration with primary care providers. The purpose of this report is to describe how a centralized, remote clinical pharmacy team was developed, trained, and effectively integrated into multiple, diverse primary care settings across the U.S.
Thermodynamic Characteristics of a Series of Antimony Compounds: Standard Formation Enthalpy of Antimony Oxychloride SbOCl
Authors: Gurov A.A. , Ozhogina A.N. , Solovyev S.N.
Published: March 2021

The present work opens a series of publications devoted to the description of the results of determination or clarification of the formation enthalpies of certain antimony compounds that are of significant applied interest to science and technology. The measurement results of enthalpy of interaction crystalline SbCl3 and water with formation of crystalline SbOCl are given. On the basis of the obtained and literature data, the value of standard formation enthalpy of the product of this interaction --- antimony oxychloride SbOCl at temperature 298.15 K is calculated. This value coincided with the reference values within the margin of error. An attempt was made to determine the dissolution enthalpy of SbCl3 in a two-molar aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid: the obtained approximate value of this characteristic was --30 ± 2 kJ/mol
Nonequilibrium Fluctuations of a Brownian Particle in a Medium with Production of Entropy
Authors: Morozov A.N.
Published: March 2021

The study statistically describes Brownian motion in a locally nonequilibrium medium, taking into account the production of entropy, and proposes to describe the nonequilibrium fluctuations of the velocity of a Brownian particle using a linear integro-differential equation. The characteristic functions of fluctuations of the Brownian particle velocity are obtained, which make it possible to carry out a complete statistical description of Brownian motion in a medium with the production of entropy. Findings of research show that the variance of these fluctuations increases with time according to the logarithmic law. The correlation function of fluctuations of the Brownian particle velocity is calculated and it is shown that it consists of two terms. The first term, which has a power-law dependence, describes equilibrium fluctuations, and the second, which has a logarithmic dependence, describes nonequilibrium fluctuations
COVİD-19 SALGININ BIST TEKNOLOJİ ENDEKSİ (XUTEK) ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ
Authors: SOY TEMÜR Ayşe
Published: March 2021

Çin’in Wuhan kentinde ortaya çıkıp, hızla tüm dünyada yayılarak salgına dönüşen Covid-19 finansal piyasaları derinden etkilemiştir. Bazı sektörlerde bu etki daha fazla hissedilirken; gıda, teknoloji, temizlik gibi ihtiyaçlara yönelik tüketici taleplerinin artması bu sektörlerin daha düşük seviyede etkilenmelerini sağlamıştır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, Covid-19 vaka değişimlerinin Borsa İstanbul (BIST) üzerindeki etkisinin ve BIST’teki değişimlerin Teknoloji Endeksi’ne (XUTEK) kayıtlı işletmelerin hisse senet değerlerinde meydana getirdiği değişimleri incelemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda kullanılan veriler; endeks ve hisse senetleri için 2 Ocak 2020’den 30 Kasım 2020’ye kadar olan zaman aralığını kapsayan bir önceki güne kıyasla değişim oranlarını içeren veriler olup, finance.yahoo.com adresinden alınan günlük kapanış verileri kullanılarak hesaplanmıştır. Vaka sayılarına ilişkin veriler ise, Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de vaka sayılarının hızla artış göstermeye başladığı tarihler olan 23 Ocak ve 20 Mart 2020’den 30 Kasım 2020’ye kadar olan zaman dilimine ilişkin günlük verilerdir. Bu veriler ise, sırasıyla https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus ile https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/ adreslerinden elde edilmiştir. Araştırmada kullanılan veriler, EViews programı kullanılarak öncelikle durağanlığın tespiti için Birim Kök Testine tabi tutulmuştur. Ardından ise, En Küçük Kareler Basit Linear Regresyon Modeli ile analize gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucuna göre, Covid-19 vaka sayılarındaki değişim oralarının BIST100 üzerinde, BIST100’deki değişimlerin de XUTEK’e kayıtlı işletmelerin hisse senetlerinde anlamlı bir etkisinin bulunmadığı belirlenmiştir.
Significance of sarcopenia in the development of postoperative complications in patients after pancreas resection
Authors:   Siberian State Medical University, Koshel A.P. , Drozdov E.S. ,   Tomsk Regional Oncology Hospital, Topolnitskiy E.B. ,   Siberian State Medical University, Klokov S.S. ,   The medical center of G. K. Zherlov, Dibina T.V. ,   The medical center of G. K. Zherlov, Zarubin V.V. ,   Emergency Hospital
Published: March 2021

The aim of the research. To evaluate the effect of sarcopenia on the incidence of postoperative complications in patients who underwent resection interventions on the pancreas, as well as the development of a simple clinical diagnosis of sarcopenia. Material and methods. Th e study included 109 patients, including 59 (54.1 %) men and 50 (45.9 %) women. All patients included in the study were operated on with subsequent morphological examination of the removed preparations. Diagnosis of the presence of sarcopenia in a patient was carried out using computed tomography (CT) and calculating the musculoskeletal index. Also, all patients underwent calculation of the psoas major muscle index (IBPM) equal to the ratio of the area of the psoas major muscle on one side to the square of the patient’s height. Th e patients were divided into two groups. The control group (68 patients) included patients without sarcopenia. The main group consisted of 41 patients who were diagnosed with sarcopenia. Results. Among patients in the compared groups, there were no statistically signifi cant diff erences in age, sex, ASA score and body mass index. Th ere was no statistically signifi cant diff erence in the incidence of major complications (Clavien-Dindo III / IV) (p = 0.2), however, the incidence of postoperative infectious complications was signifi cantly higher in patients from the study group compared to the control group (63.4 % versus 39.7 %, respectively, p = 0.01), as well as the incidence of postoperative clinically signifi cant pancreatic fi stulas (36.6 % versus 17.6 %, respectively, p = 0.02), as well as mortality (9.8 % versus 1.5 %, respectively, p = 0.04). The average postoperative bed-day was 19.9±7.8 days in the main group, 14.2±5.1 days in the control group (p = 0.03). According to the study, the value of IBP in the diagnosis of sarcopenia is < 3,5 сm2 /м2 (AUC – 0,83) for men and < 2,7 сm2 /м2 (AUC – 0,87) for women. Conclusion. Sarcopenia is associated with a higher incidence of postoperative infectious complications, clinically signifi cant pancreatic fi stulas, mortality, as well as with a longer postoperative bed-day in patients who underwent resection of the pancreas
Back сruroraphy and hernioplasty for diaphragm hernias of various sizes
Authors:   Tver State Medical University, Rosenfeld I.I.
Published: March 2021

The aim of the research. The work considers the results of posterior cruraraphy along with hernioplasty, using polypropylene and biocarbon implant in surgical treatment of diaphragmatic hernias of various sizes. Material and methods. Totally 716 patients were divided into 3 study groups, based on the size of esophageal hernia defect: group I (314 people) – with small and medium size of hiatal hernias, who underwent posterior cruraphy; group II (323 patients) – with large hernias: subgroup 1 (92 patients) underwent posterior cruraphy, subgroup 2 (231 patients) – underwent hernioplasty. Subgroup 2 was divided into: subgroup A (89 people) – plastic surgery with polypropylene implant and subgroup B (142 people) – plastic surgery with biocarbon implant. Group III (79 patients) – patients with giant hiatal hernias: subgroup A (29 people) – plastic surgery with polypropylene implant and subgroup B (50 patients) – biocarbon construction. Results. While comparing group Ӏ with group II, subgroup 1 signifi cant diff erences were found in the degrees and types of hernias. Th e age of patients was not statistically important. While comparing subgroup 1 with subgroup 2 of group II, statistically insignifi cant diff erences were revealed in degrees and types of hernias. Th e age of patients was also statistically insignifi cant. While comparing subgroup A with subgroup B of group II, insignifi cant diff erences were revealed in degrees and types of hernias. While comparing subgroup 2, group II with group III, the diff erence turned out to be signifi cant in types and degrees of hernias. While comparing subgroup A with subgroup B, group III, statistically insignifi cant diff erences were revealed in the degrees and types of hiatal hernias. Conclusion. Posterior cruraphy in small and medium diaphragmatic hernias differed in types, degrees and size of hernia defect in comparison to the one in large hernias. Posterior cruraphy with plasty for large hernias did not diff er signifi cantly according to any of the criteria. Plastic surgery by polypropylene implant with biocarbon in case of large hernias did not diff er signifi cantly by any criteria. Plastic surgery for large hernias compared to giant ones, diff ered only in the degree and types, as well as in hernia defect size. Plastic surgery by polypropylene implant with biocarbon in giant hernias did not differ in any criteria, except for gender distribution, which was not signifi cant, that made it possible to compare treatment results in these subgroups more correctly.
Inovações tecnológicas e organizacionais nos serviços intensivos em conhecimento no Brasil
Authors: Teixeira André Luiz da Silva , Oliveira Vanessa Criscuolo Parreiras de , Mendes Philipe Scherrer , Lopes Daniel Paulino Teixeira , Rapini Márcia Siqueira
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar empiricamente a relação entre inovações tecnológicas (IT) e organizacionais (IO) nas empresas brasileiras dos Serviços Intensivos em Conhecimento (SICs), discutindo seus diferentes determinantes, persistência e uma possível relação de mão-dupla entre esses dois tipos de inovações. Foram analisadas 595 empresas presentes na Pesquisa de Inovação e Pesquisa Anual de Serviços no período 2009 a 2014. Os resultados revelam uma influência cruzada entre IO e IT: as IO internas são induzidas pelas IT de produto prévias enquanto aquelas induzem IT de processo. Também se observam efeitos cumulativos para esses três tipos de inovações, com maior importância para a IT de produto. Ademais, encontra-se que diferentes inovações são favorecidas por diferentes características organizacionais e esforços inovativos, identificando um papel limitado dos esforços em P&D interno.