bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ödemin Değerlendirilmesinde Yüz Tarama Sistemi ile Pletismografik Ölçüm Yönteminin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: ULU Murat , AKÇAY Hüseyin
Published: March 2019

Amaç: Gömülü
dişlerin çekimi çene cerrahisi alanında en sık yapılan işlemlerden biridir ve
işlem sonrası trismus, ağrı ve ödem meydana gelebilmektedir. Bu çalışmada gömülü
üçüncü molar dişlerin çekimi sonrasında oluşan ödemin değerlendirilmesinde 3
boyutlu ölçüm yöntemi ile konvansiyonel yöntemlerden biri olan esnek cetvelle
yapılan pletismografik ölçüm yönteminin 
kıyaslanarak değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Materyal ve metot: Çalışmaya
alt çenesinde bilateral, gömülü diş çekimi endikasyonu koyulmuş 18 yaş ve
üzerinde 60 hasta dahil edildi. Hastalar iki farklı gruba ayrıldı, çekim
sonrası hastaların yüzünün bir tarafına kinesio bant yapıştırılırken (KB grubu,
n:60) ;  karşıt tarafta yapılan diş
çekimi sonrası hastalara herhangi bir uygulama yapılmadı (kontrol grubu, n:60).
Ameliyattan hemen önce (T0), sonrası 2.(T1) ve 7.(T2) günlerde ödem ölçümleri
3dMD ve pletismografik yöntemlerle ayrı ayrı gerçekleştirildi.

Bulgular: Elde
edilen sonuçlara göre; T0-T1; T0-T2 zaman aralığında meydana gelen ödemin değerlendirilmesinde
3dMD ölçüm yötemi ile pletismografik ölçüm yöntemi arasında istatistiksel
olarak anlamlı bir korelasyon tespit edilmemişir (p>0,05).

Sonuç: Maksillofasiyal
bölgede yapılan cerrahi müdahalelerden sonra yumuşak dokuda meydana gelen
hacimsel değişikliklerin değerlendirilmesinde, dokuya doğrudan temas etmeden ölçüm
yapılabilmesine olanak tanıdığı için 3D tarama sistemlerinin daha güvenilir
sonuçlar verdiği düşünülmektedir.
Evaluation of the effects of zinc supplementation on the symptoms and duration of the disease in acute viral gastroenteritis
Authors: EL Cigdem , CELİKKAYA Mehmet Emin
Published: March 2019

Introduction: Acute viral
gastroenteritis is the second most common cause of high morbidity and mortality
in childhood. Viral gastroenteritis is the most common cause of severe diarrhea
and associated hospitalizations especially in toddlers. It has been shown that
the administration of 20 mg of zinc daily during acute diarrhea reduces the
duration of watery diarrhea by 25% and it has been reported to have protective
and therapeutic effects in the acute period. The aim of this study is to
retrospectively determine the beneficial effects of oral zinc supplementation
on the severity and duration of complaints of toddlers who were treated in our
clinic with the diagnosis of acute viral gastroenteritis.Methods: Toddlers who were hospitalized
in the Department of Pediatrics for acute viral gastroenteritis between October
2016 and March 2018 were included in the study. The study was retrospective and
the data of the patients were obtained from the patient files. The diagnosis of
acute viral gastroenteritis was made by detecting the adenovirus-rotavirus
antigen in the fresh stool specimens. The patients were divided into two
groups. Group 1: patients who received zinc supplementation in addition to
support treatment. Group 2: patients who received only supportive therapy.Results: The mean number of vomiting was
3.60 / day and watery diarrhea was 5.20 / day in group-1 while number of
vomiting was 6.1 / day and watery diarrhea was 8.9 / day in group-2 in the 36th
hour during treatment. The tolerability of oral feeding at 36 th hour was
49.39% ( 41) in group-1 and 45.07% (32) in group-2. The mean number of vomiting
and watery diarrhea in group-1 cases at 72th hours was 1.2 / day and 4.30 /
day, while in group-2 cases, 3.90 / day and 7.20 / day.

Conclusions: Although the physiopathology of the effects of zinc on gastroenteritis
is not yet fully understood, diarrhea is seen both as a cause and as a result
of zinc deficiency.  The fact that
patients with gastroenteritis benefit from zinc support suggests that zinc
enhances this effect by increasing intestinal immunity.
STUDENT READINESS AND CHALLENGE IN COMPLETING HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILL TEST TYPE FOR MATHEMATICS
Authors: Kusaeri Kusaeri , Hamdani Asep Saepul , Suprananto Suprananto
Published: March 2019

Mathematics teaching and learning should equip students with the ability to think critically and creatively and problem-solving skill to enable them to compete in the industrial revolution 4.0. This descriptive explorative study explores the readiness and challenges faced by Indonesian junior high school (SMP/MTs) student in solving HOTs type mathematics test using Islamic context. Data were collected from a test-based open-ended questionnaire distributed to 164 students in the 8th of five schools in Sidoarjo East Java comprising 2 junior madrasas (Islamic schools), 2 Islamic-based junior high schools and 1 public junior high school. Descriptive analysis using SPSS and categorization of responses (referring to response options in the questionnaire such as have ever-never, necessary-unnecessary, answered-not answered, etc) show that considering their experience, the students are “less ready” to face HOTs type mathematics test. However, students expect that they can be given more practices in doing HOTs type mathematics questions to help them get accustomed to this type of question. Being unaccustomed to non-routine and lengthy questions, lazy trait and being unfamiliar to Islamic terms used as the context of the question becomes the challenges for the students in facing HOTs type mathematics test.
Reliability of 3D dental and skeletal landmarks on CBCT images
Authors: Park Joorok , Baumrind Sheldon , Curry Sean , Carlson Sean K. , Boyd Robert L. , Oh Heesoo
Published: March 2019

Objectives:

To quantify reliability of three-dimensional skeletal landmarks and a comprehensive set of dental landmarks in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to determine the shapes of envelope of error.

Materials and Methods:

Three judges located 31 skeletal landmarks and 60 dental landmarks on the pre- and posttreatment CBCT images of 22 patients. Landmark error was determined by calculating the distance of deviation of landmark locations around their average. Standard deviation and mean radial spherical error were calculated. Scatterplots were constructed to characterize envelope of error.

Results:

The midline landmarks of the cranial base were highly reliable. Bilateral skeletal landmarks tended to have larger error than midline landmarks. Among the nonconventional landmarks, fronto-zygomatic suture, condyle, and mental foramen showed relatively high reliability. However, foramen spinosum and temporal fossa showed larger errors. Gonion was the least reliable landmark. Most dental landmarks were located more reliably than skeletal landmarks. The highest reliability was found at incisal edges. Mesiobuccal cusp of first molars also showed high reliability.

Conclusions:

There were differences in the size and shape of the distributions of errors of different landmarks. Most landmarks showed elongated envelopes. Bilateral structures tended to show greater errors than midline structures. Most dental landmarks were more reliable than skeletal landmarks.
The Use Of Podcast To Improve The Speaking Competency of The Tenth Grade Students of SMA Negeri 1 Amlapura In Academic Year 2015/2016
Authors: Dianithi A.S.
Published: March 2019

The objective of this research was to improve students’ English speaking competency by using podcast in teaching and learning. The subject of the research was the speaking competency of the tenth grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Amlapura, i.e. X MIA 1 class. The method used in this study was Classroom Action Research (CAR), conducted in two cycles. There were two kinds of data collected, the qualitative data were obtained from the questionnaires and observation checklist. The quantitative data were collected by conducting pre-test and post-test. The result of study showed that the main score of the students’ English speaking competency gained on the pre-test was 60.43, on the post-test 1 was 72.46 and on post-test 2 was 79.78 and 83.33% of students could pass the standard minimum score. It can be concluded that the students’ English speaking competency could be improved by using podcast in English teaching and learning.
Upaya Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar PKn Materi Pokok Pancasila sebagai Ideologi Negara melalui Metode Diskusi Kelompok
Authors: Mega Surya
Published: March 2019

Based on the results of observations, interviews and evaluation results of the implementation of Civics subject learning stated by the class XII Semester 1 teacher and student of SMK Negeri 60 Jakarta, the 2015/2016 academic year obtained data that the implementation of Civic Education learning in SMK Negeri 60 Jakarta still requires innovation from various aspects in accordance with PKn subject learning material. Pre-cycle results conducted by the researchers at the beginning of this study were low or below the KKM, which was 61.43 with the percentage of success in learning reaching 46.66%. Seeing such conditions Researchers are encouraged to make improvements through Classroom Action Research by applying group discussion learning methods where the application of group discussion learning methods is believed to be able to improve student learning outcomes to a level better. The main objectives in this study are: to find out the improvement of student learning outcomes in PKn subjects through the implementation of group discussion learning methods in students of class XII of the first semester of SMK Negeri 60 Jakarta in the 2015/2016 student year. The results obtained through data collection techniques, namely: observation, documentation tests and interviews, are: Learning outcomes cycle I is 75.6 while the results of Learning cycle II are 79.7. The conclusion of this study is "Through the application of learning methods to group discussions on Civics subjects with the subject matter of Pancasila as State Ideology can improve the learning outcomes of students of class XII of the first semester of SMK Negeri 60 Jakarta in the 2015/2016 school year.
Penerapan Model Example Non-Example dalam Pembelajaran Tema Peduli terhadap Makhluk Hidup Sub Tema Keberagaman Makhluk Hidup
Authors: Rojai Muhamad , Prasetyawati DH Dwi , Asri Untari Mei Fita
Published: March 2019

This reseach aims to knowing how application model Example Non-Example in learning theme Care To Creature Life Sub-Theme Diversity Creature Life In My Evironment Grade IV Lamper Tengah 02 Primary School Semarang. This reseach use type method reaseach quantitative is Pre-experimental desaign with Pretest – Posttest Desaign. Collection data in this reseach with test, observation, and documentation. In sampling wit Purposive Sampling. Result of hypothesis reseach on learning to show thitung = 3,9141 and ttabel with level significant 5% = 2,023, why thitung > ttabel then use model Example Non-Example in learning Theme Care To Creature Life Sub-Theme Diversity Creature Life In My Evironment grade IV Lamper Tengah 02 Primary School Semarang good in learning. Value in pretetst 59,3 in posttest 74,5. While KKM 65. Conclusion model learning Example Non-Example good use in learning Theme Care To Creature Life Sub-Theme Diservisty Creature Life In my Evironment Grade IV Lamper Tengah 02 Primary School Semarang.
Meningkatkan Minat & Hasil Belajar Siswa dalam Berkomunikasi Bahasa Inggris melalui Metode Role Play pada Mata Pelajaran Memproses Reservasi Siswa
Authors: Suardani Luh
Published: March 2019

Tujuan dari diadakannya penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan minat dan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran memproses reservasi dalam berkomunikasi bahasa Inggris pada mata pelajaran memproses reservasi  siswa kelas XI AP 2 semester ganjil SMK Negeri 2 Singaraja Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018 setelah diterapkannya metode role play. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK). Subjek dalam penelitian tindakan kelas ini adalah siswa kelas XI AP 2 semester ganjil SMK Negeri 2 Singaraja Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018 yang berjumlah 34 orang. Sedangkan objeknya adalah minat belajar dan hasil belajar siswa. Data minat belajar siswa dikumpulkan dengan lembar observasi, sedangkan data hasil belajar siswa dikumpulkan dengan tes unjuk kerja. Analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan analisis data deskriptif. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan metode Role Play dapat meningkatkan minat dan hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran memproses reservasi dalam berkomunikasi bahasa Inggris pada mata pelajaran memproses reservasi  siswa kelas XI AP 2 semester ganjil SMK Negeri 2 Singaraja Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018
Pengaruh Strategi Index Card Match Berbantuan Multimedia Pembelajaran Terhadap Motivasi dan Hasil Belajar IPS
Authors: Budiari Ni Putu Ayu Eka , Dantes Nyoman , Pudjawan Ketut
Published: March 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan strategi Index Card Match berbantuan multimedia pembelajaran terhadap motivasi belajar dan hasil belajar IPS siswa kelas V di gugus XI Kecamatan Buleleng. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu dengan desain penelitian posttest only control group design. Populasi penelitian ini yaitu seluruh siswa kelas V SD gugus XI. Sampel penelitian ini yaitu siswa kelas V SDN 1 Kampung Anyar yang berjumlah 21 orang dan kelas V SDN 3 Kampung Anyar yang berjumlah 19 orang. Data motivasi belajar IPS dikumpulkan dengan metode non tes berupa kuesioner motivasi belajar dan data hasil belajar dikumpulkan dengan metode tes berupa tes pilihan ganda. Data yang telah terkumpul dianalisis dengan analisis statistik deskriptif dan MANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Terdapat perbedaan motivasi siswa yang belajar dengan strategi Index Card Match berbantuan multimedia pembelajaran dan yang tidak  dengan nilai Fhitung = 1892,311 dan Ftabel = 4,10. (2) Terdapat perbedaan hasil belajar siswa yang belajar dengan strategi Index Card Match berbantuan multimedia pembelajaran dan yang tidak dengan nilai Fhitung = 61,1377 dan Ftabel = 4,10. (3) Secara bersama-sama terdapat perbedaan motivasi dan hasil belajar siswa yang belajar dengan strategi Index Card Match berbantuan multimedia pembelajaran dan yang tidak dengan F = 921,716 dan signifikansi <0,05. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa strategi Index Card Match berbantuan multimedia berpengaruh positif terhadap motivasi dan hasil belajar IPS
Geometry Concept on the Motifs of Woven Fabric in Kefamenanu Community
Authors: Deda Yohanis Ndapa , Amsikan Stanislaus
Published: March 2019

For the Kefamenanu community, the motif serves as the identity of the person who wears it. Nevertheless, the woven fabric must be present at cultural occasions, welcoming guests, and death ceremonies. The motifs of traditional woven fabric have not been developed by teachers to discuss the link between mathematics and local wisdom. The purpose of this research is to define and describe the mathematical concept of the motifs woven fabric to the students of primary and junior high schools. The present study uses a descriptive qualitative method to explain the geometry concept on the motifs of woven fabric. The ethnographic approach is also employed as an empirical and theoretical approach to provide description and analysis about a culture based on intensive field work. Collecting data were conducted using interviews and documentation. Interviews were conducted with several informants selected based on the consideration of researcher and suggestion by previous informant. Documentation was done using video recordings and photos. The results show the geometry concept of the motifs of woven fabric, such as reflection, rotation, translation, repetition, triangle and quadrilateral. The motifs of woven fabric owned by the Kefamenanu community contain particular local wisdom and are potentially used to convey the geometry concept in mathematics for primary and junior high schools.
Российско-турецкие отношения в контексте вывода американских войск из Сирии
Authors:   Diplomatic Academy of  the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federa-tion, Gayfutdinov Rinal Ilfatovich
Published: March 2019

The Russian-Turkish cooperation is analyzed within the framework of the American withdrawal from the Syrian Arab Republic. The research describes the effects of this action on the Russian Federation and the Republic of Turkey and highlights the risks re-lated to the deterioration of relationships between them. The paper emphasizes the aspects of bilateral relations in view of the current situation in the re-gion. The study summarizes the factors affecting the geopolitical situation in general and intergov-ernmental cooperation in particular. The U.S. troop withdrawal is regarded as a foreign policy maneuver and an important event for the entire region that changes the strategic balance of power. The author discusses the necessity of interaction between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Turkey in these political realities against the backdrop of their different foreign policy views and goals in the Syrian conflict.
Quality assurance of regulatory and urgent actions at the traffic accident site
Authors:   Crimean branch of Krasnodar University of  the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federa-tion, Martynyuk Sergey Nikolayevich
Published: March 2019

The research focuses on the Traffic Patrol Service activities in the field of road safety. The study pre-sents the statistical data on road traffic accidents in the Russian Federation for 2015-2018 in detail. The author discusses the topical issues related to the quality assurance and promptness of regulatory and urgent actions at the road traffic accident site. The emphasis is placed on the initial urgent actions of Traffic Patrol Service officers at car accident sites upon their arrival. The research considers a course of action for people involved in a road traffic acci-dent when fulfilling a form of European Accident Statement. The recommendations on the registra-tion of car accidents are proposed to traffic police officers since there is little relevant literature on this issue.
Tectonics and deep structure of Yugan-Koltogor zone of West Siberia Platform foundation
Authors: Ivanov K. S. , Kostrov N. P. , Stepanov A. E.
Published: March 2019

Research subject. The deep structure of the Yugan-Koltogor zone located in West Siberia was investigated with the purpose of detecting prospective oil and gas bearing areas.

Materials and methods. The methods of lineament extraction and the computer modelling of rock density were employed. Lineament extraction was conducted on the basis of geophysical data, including detailed (1 : 200 000) maps of anomalous magnetic and gravity fields. In order to detect faults, telemetering methods were used, along with the results of studies conducted to investigate core materials from wells in the region. The modelling of the deep structure of the pre-Jurassic basement was performed on the basis of its geological map by solving a direct problem while fitting geological body densities.

Results. Six largest faults of the Yugan-Koltogor zone identified on the geological map by a special sign “deep faults and regional schistosity zones” are of particular interest as possible oil bearing areas.

Conclusions. The modelling of the deep structure of the pre-Jurassic basement of the West Siberian Platform has shown the granite decompaction areas of the Yugan zone to be highly promising in terms of oil and gas deposits.
Exploring the Thermodynamic Criteria for Responsive Adsorption Processes
Authors: Evans Jack D. , Krause Simon , Kaskel Stefan , Sweatman Martin B. , Sarkisov Lev
Published: March 2019

We describe a general model to explore responsive adsorption processes in flexible porous materials.This model combines mean field formalism of the osmotic potential, classical density functional theory of adsorption in slit pore models and generic potential functions which represent the Helmholtz free energy landscape of a porous system.Using this model, we focus on recreating flexible adsorption phenomena observed in prototypical metal-organic frameworks, especially the recently discovered effect of negative gas adsorption (NGA).We identify the key characteristics required for the model to generate unusual adsorption processes and subsequently employ an extensive parametric study to outline conditions under which gate-opening and NGA are observed.This powerful approach will guide the design of responsive porous materials and the discovery of entirely new adsorption processes.
Chemical and Biochemical Approaches for the Synthesis of Substituted Dihydroxybutanones and Di-, and Tri-Hydroxypentanones
Authors: Widersten Mikael , Al-Smadi Derar , Enugala Thilak Reddy , Kessler Vadim , Mhashal Anil Ranu , Kamerlin Shina Caroline Lynn , Kihlberg Jan , Norberg Thomas
Published: March 2019

Polyhydroxylated compounds are building blocks for the synthesis of carbohydrates and other natural products. Their synthesis is mainly achieved by different synthetic versions of aldolcoupling reactions, catalyzed either by organocatalysts, enzymes or metal-organic catalysts. We have investigated the formation of 1,4-substituted 2,3-dihydroxybutan-1-one derivatives from para- and meta-substituted phenylacetaldehydes by three distinctly different strategies. The first involved a direct aldol reaction with hydroxyacetone, dihydroxyacetone or 2-hydroxyacetophenone, catalyzed by the cinchona derivative cinchonine. The second was reductive cross-coupling with methyl or phenyl glyoxal promoted by SmI2 resulting in either 5-substituted 3,4-dihydroxypentan-2-ones or 1,4 bis-phenyl substituted butanones, respectively.Finally, in the third case, aldolase catalysis was employed for synthesis of the corresponding 1,3,4-trihydroxylated pentan-2-one derivatives. The organocatalytic route with cinchonine generated distereomerically enriched syn products (de = 60−99 %), with moderate enantiomeric excesses (ee = 43−56%), but did not produce aldols with either hydroxyacetone or dihydroxyacetone as donor ketones. The SmI2-promoted reductive cross-coupling generated product mixtures with diastereomeric and enantiomeric ratios close to unity. This route allowed for the production of both 1-methyl- and 1-phenylsubstituted 2,3-dihydroxybutanones, at yields between 40−60%. Finally, the biocatalytic approach resulted in enantiopure syn (3R,4S) 1,3,4-trihydroxypentan-2-ones.
When Current Does Not Follow Bonds: Current Density in Saturated Molecules
Authors: Jensen Anders , Garner Marc Hamilton , Solomon Gemma C.
Published: March 2019

The tools commonly used to understand structure-property relationships in molecular conductance, inter-atomic currents and conductance eigenchannels, generally give us a sense of familiarity, with the chemical bonding framework and molecular orbitals reflected in the current. Here we show that while this picture is true for conjugated molecules, it breaks down in saturated systems. We investigate the current density in saturated chains of alkanes, silanes and germanes and show that the current density does not follow the bonds, but rather the nuclei define the diameter of a pipe through which the current flows. We discuss how this picture of current density can be used to understand details about the electron transport properties of these molecules. Understanding the spatial distribution of current through molecules, rather than simply the magnitude, provides a powerful tool for chemical insight into physical properties of molecules that are related to current flow.
pH Swing Cycle for CO2 Capture Electrochemically Driven through Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer
Authors: Aziz Michael , Kwabi David G.
Published: March 2019

We propose and perform a thermodynamic analysis of the energetic costs of CO2 separation from flue gas using a pH swing created by electrochemical redox reactions involving proton-coupled electron transfer from molecular species in aqueous electrolyte. Electrochemical reduction of these molecules results in the formation of alkaline solution, into which CO2 is absorbed; subsequent electrochemical oxidation of the reduced molecules results in the acidification of the solution, triggering the release of pure CO2 gas. We examined the effect of buffering from the CO2-carbonate system on the solution pH during this pH swing cycle, and thus on the open-circuit potential of a hypothetical electrochemical cell in a 4-step CO2 capture-release cycle. The thermodynamic minimum work input varies from 16 to 75 kJ/molCO2 as throughput increases, for both flue gas and direct air capture, with the potential to go substantially lower if CO2 capture or release is performed simultaneously with electrochemical reduction or oxidation. These values are compared with those for other separation methods. We discuss the properties required of molecules that would be suitable for such a cycle.
Programmable Synthesis of 2-Deoxyglycosides
Authors: Herzon Seth , Hoang Kevin M. , Lees Nicholas
Published: March 2019

Control of glycoside bond stereochemistry is the central challenge in the synthesis of oligosaccharides. 2-Deoxyglycosides, which lack a C2 substituent to guide stereoselectivity, are among the most difficult classes of glycoside bond constructions. Here we present a method to synthesize 2-deoxysaccharides with specified glycoside bond stereochemistry using a nucleophilic carbohydrate residue and the synthetic equivalent of an alcohol electrophile. Because the configuration of the nucleophile can be precisely controlled, both α- and β-glycosides can be synthesized from the same starting material in nearly all cases examined. Stereoselectivities in these reactions are often greater than 50:1 and yields typically exceed 70%. This strategy is amenable to the stereocontrolled syntheses of trisaccharide diastereomers, and a tetrasaccharide. Our method offers a fundamentally new approach to O-glycoside synthesis to enable downstream biochemical and natural product applications.
Continuous Flow Mode Biocatalytic Transamination Using Macrocellular Silica Monoliths: Optimizing Support Functionalisation and Enzyme Grafting
Authors: Biggelaar Ludivine van den , Soumillion Patrice , Debecker Damien
Published: March 2019

Transaminases are immobilized onto macrocellular silica monoliths and used for carrying a continuous flow mode transamination reaction. Monoliths were prepared via an emulsion-templated sol-gel method and functionalized by amino-moieties (APTES) in order to covalently immobilize the enzymes, using glutaraldehyde as a cross-linking agent. In order to obtain higher performance and improved reproducibility, we investigate the key parameters of APTES functionalization and of enzyme grafting. Four functionalization protocols were studied. It is shown that controlling the moisture levels in monolith and in the functionalisation solution led to a 3-fold increase in activity as compared to the previously reported data, and greatly improved the reproducibility. Additionally, we report a strong beneficial effect of running the enzyme immobilization at room temperature instead of 4°C, further enhancing the obtained activity. Finally, the popular method which consists in stabilizing the covalent attachment of the enzyme by reducing the imine bonds formed between the enzyme and the functionalized surface was investigated. We highlight a strong enzyme deactivation caused by cyanoborohydride, making this strategy irrelevant in this case. All in all, the improvements presented here for enzyme immobilization in macrocellular silica monoliths, lead to the preparation of more active materials for continuous flow mode biocatalysis.
Preparation and Crystal Structure of 1,2-Bis(2,5-Dimethylthiophen-3-Yl)ethane-1,2-Dione
Authors: Pakulski Paweł , Pinkowicz Dawid
Published: March 2019

Preparation, crystal structure and 1H NMR spectrum of 1,2-bis(2,5-dimethylthiophen-3-yl)ethane-1,2-dione is reported. The title compound is a convenient starting material for the preparation of photochromic diarylethenes with various backbones.
Increased Lipids Levels and Breast Cancer
Authors: PARLAK Ömer , KOCAÖZ Servet
Published: March 2019

Breast
cancer is the top cancer in women both in the developed and the developing
world. Metabolic heterogeneity may be present in all cancers. Dyslipidemia is
independently associated with the development of breast cancer. The present
study was carried out on serum samples from 100 breast cancer patients named
study group and 100 similar age normal women named control group. Lipid pattern
studies were carried out on study group and control group before any treatment.
The   serum   samples  
so   collected   were  
examined   for   Total cholesterol  (TC), 
High  density  lipoprotein 
cholesterol  (HDL),  Low density 
lipoprotein  cholesterol  (LDL) and 
Triglyceride  (TG)  concentrations. In the study group the
youngest patient was of 35 years old and oldest patient was of 83 years. Mean
age was 58.41±11.01 years. In the control group, the youngest patient was of 30
years and oldest patient was of 80 years. TC, LDL, TG levels increased in all
grades, which is similar in the of C-ERB-B2 positive status. Our study supports
the relationship between increased lipid levels and breast cancer. However,
there is a need for multiple center studies, including prospective, to be used
as a marker.
Genişlemiş Spektrumlu Beta-laktamaz Üreten Escherichia coli ve Klebsiella pneumoniae Suşlarında Piperasilin/Tazobaktam İnvitro Etkinliği
Authors: AYDEMİR Özlem , TERZİ Hüseyin Agah , KÖROĞLU Mehmet , ALTINDİŞ Mustafa
Published: March 2019

Piperasilin-tazobaktam
(TZP), genişletilmiş spektrumlu beta-laktamaz (GSBL) üreten Gram-negatif
bakterilerin  neden olduğu
enfeksiyonların tedavisi için sıklıkla tercih edilen bir ajandır. Bununla
birlikte, GSBL üreten bakterilerin neden olduğu ciddi enfeksiyonlara
Piperasilin-tazobaktamın etkinliği hakkında tartışmalar vardır. Bu çalışmada,
laboratuvara gönderilen örneklerden izole edilen GSBL pozitif bakterilerde
TZP'nin etkinliğini belirlemeyi amaçladık.
Servis ve poliklinik hastalarına ait kan, idrar, yara, trakeal aspirat
örneklerinden izole edilen 548 GSBL pozitif Escherichia
coli ve Klebsiella pneumoniae
suşu çalışmaya dahil edildi. Bakteri tanımlaması, antibiyotik duyarlılık
testleri ve GSBL tespitinde VİTEK 2® otomatize sistemi kullanıldı.
Çalışmamıza dahil edilen izolatların 307’si (%56) E. coli, 241’i (%43,9) K.
pneumoniae suşu idi. İzolatların TZP direnç oranları incelendiğinde; E. coli suşlarında TZP direnç oranı
%44,6 olarak saptanırken en yüksek direnç %47,6 ile trakeal aspirat
örneklerinde saptandı. K. peumoniae
suşlarında ise TZP direnç oranı %41 olarak bulundu. GSBL pozitif bakterilerin
neden olduğu enfeksiyonlarda TZP'nin etkinliğini gösteren yeterli çalışma
bulunmamakla birlikte, mevcut çalışmalar bu antibiyotiklerin etkinliğinin
enfeksiyon bölgesine ve şiddetine göre değiştiğini göstermektedir. PRP sonuç
bildirimi ile ilgili CLSI ve EUCAST arasında bir fikir birliği yoktur. Bu
nedenle, bu konuda daha kapsamlı bir çalışmaya ve TZP'nin sonuç raporunun
yeniden değerlendirilmesine ihtiyaç vardır.
Human DNA polymerase delta is a pentameric holoenzyme with a dimeric p12 subunit
Authors: Khandagale Prashant , Peroumal Doureradjou , Manohar Kodavati , Acharya Narottam
Published: March 2019

Human DNA polymerase delta (Polδ), a holoenzyme consisting of p125, p50, p68, and p12 subunits, plays an essential role in DNA replication, repair, and recombination. Herein, using multiple physicochemical and cellular approaches, we found that the p12 protein forms a dimer in solution. In vitro reconstitution and pull down of cellular Polδ by tagged p12 substantiate the pentameric nature of this critical holoenzyme. Furthermore, a consensus proliferating nuclear antigen (PCNA) interaction protein motif at the extreme carboxyl-terminal tail and a homodimerization domain at the amino terminus of the p12 subunit were identified. Mutational analyses of these motifs in p12 suggest that dimerization facilitates p12 binding to the interdomain connecting loop of PCNA. In addition, we observed that oligomerization of the smallest subunit of Polδ is evolutionarily conserved as Cdm1 ofSchizosaccharomyces pombealso dimerizes. Thus, we suggest that human Polδ is a pentameric complex with a dimeric p12 subunit, and discuss implications of p12 dimerization in enzyme architecture and PCNA interaction during DNA replication.
TRAINING OF EMPLOYEES OF SERVICE ENTERPRISES USING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Authors: Smirnova Zh. V. , Kochnova K. A.
Published: March 2019

Introduction: the article is devoted to the role of the training process for employees of service enterprises. More and more organizations, institutions, firms are focused on the creation and provision of various kinds of services to the population. And since the service sector in recent years is one of the most actively developing areas of activity, there is a need to improve the training of employees working in this field. As the authors of the article show, the structure of the content of in-house training and retraining of employees reflects the principles on which the training and functions that are performed by the in-house professional training are based. Throughout the world and in Russia in particular, the subject of increased attention is the introduction of information technology. Therefore, the authors consider in-house training of employees of a service company using the designated technologies. Materials and methods: the article identifies the basis for the functioning of the in-house personnel training system in market conditions and the integrated use of optimization procedures that allowed developing the target program for improving the personnel training system described in the work, which was adopted and implemented by Registration Agency LLC. Results: the article analyzes the process of training employees of service activities at the enterprise. The article describes the plan of interaction of Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University named after Kozma Minin with the organization LLC Registration Agency Discussion and Conclusions: the article discusses the organization of in-house employee training through the development and implementation of electronic educational programs aimed at improving the skills of service workers and the competitiveness of the organization. The result of implementation is to achieve benefits for both parties, that is, to increase the intensification of the organization’s activities "and improve.
Clinical Profile of Stroke Patients with Vertigo in Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung Neurology Ward
Authors: Khansa Amany , Cahyani Aih , Amalia Lisda
Published: March 2019

Vertigo often occurs from the ages of 18 to 79 years with a prevalence of 7.4%. Central vertigo is less common than peripheral vertigo, but it can worsen disability in stroke patients. This study aims to determine the profile of stroke patients with vertigo in Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung Neurology Ward. This is a retrospective descriptive study, using medical record data from 2013 to 2017, and collected 173 medical record data. The results showed that most stroke patients with vertigo were women (59%), the most age group was 55-64 years (34.1%), the most common type of stroke was ischemic stroke (75.7%), the most disturbance regarding the vertebrobasilar system was (72.8%), the most patients got the first stroke was (52.6%), 60.7% of patients suffered from hypertension, 23.1% of patients suffered from hyperlipidemia 40 (23.1%), and 22% of patients suffered from diabetes mellitus type 2. This study concludes that stroke patients who experience vertigo are more common in women, and in the 55-64 year age group. The most common stroke is ischemic in the vertebrobasilar system. Most symptoms in stroke patients with vertigo are dizziness not affected by position, vomiting and nystagmus. Hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus play an important role in the incidence of stroke in patients.

 

Keywords: vertigo, risk factor, stroke, vertebrobasilar
Pedestrians’ Speed Analysis for Two-Stage Crossing at a Signalized Intersection
Authors: Guo Yongqing , Wang Xiaoyuan , Meng Xinqiang , Wang Jie , Liu Yaqi
Published: March 2019

Pedestrian walking speed is an important and essential parameter for designing traffic signals at signalized intersections. However, there is a lack of understanding of pedestrian speed characteristics in a twice crossing. This paper focuses on analyzing the differences of pedestrians’ crossing speeds between the two stages, and identifying the major factors affecting the speed changes. Pedestrians were classified by age, gender and group size, and pedestrians’ speed characteristics of each group were analyzed. Besides, each age group were divided into five categories by gender and group size, and the effect sizes of gender and group size on speed-changing at the two stages were examined. The results show significant differences in walking speed on different gender and age groups, as well as on different group size. The young group has different factors affecting the speed change in the two directions, and the middle-aged and old groups have same factors affecting the speed change in the two directions. This study proposed a goal–oriented and time-driven behavior model for pedestrian two-stage crossing at signalized intersections, where the two directions have different pedestrian signal timing. The results also show that the proposed model is effective in simulating pedestrian speed characteristics of twice crossing. This research provides a theoretical basis for identifying pedestrian movement intention, optimizing signal timing, and improving pedestrian infrastructure at signalized intersections.
Utilization of Demolished Waste as Coarse Aggregate in Concrete
Authors: Halahla Abdulsamee M , Akhtar Mohammad , Almasri Amin H.
Published: March 2019

Demolishing concrete building usually produces huge amounts of remains and wastes worldwide that have promising possibilities to be utilized as coarse aggregate for new mixes of concrete. High numbers of structures around the world currently need to be removed for several reasons, such as reaching the end of the expected life, to be replaced by new investments, or were not built by the local and international standards. Maintaining or removal of such structures leads to large quantities of concrete ruins. Reusing these concrete wastes will help in saving landfill spaces in addition to more sustainability in natural resources. The objective of this study is to investigate the possibility of using old recycled concrete as coarse aggregate to make new concrete mixes, and its effect on the evolution of the compressive strength of the new concrete mixes.  Core samples for demolished concrete were tested to determine its compressive strength. The core test results can be thought of as aggregate properties for the new concrete. Then, the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of the new recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) were determined experimentally by casting a cubes and cylinders, respectively. It was found that the evolution of compressive strength of recycled aggregate concrete is similar in behavior to the concrete with natural aggregate, except that it is about 10% lower in values. It was also seen that water absorption for recycled aggregate is noticeably higher than that for natural aggregate, and should be substituted for in the mix design.
Stabilization of Expansive Soils Using Polypropylene Fiber
Authors: Hussein Sarah Adnan , Ali Haifaa Abd  Al-Rasool
Published: March 2019

Current research main aim is to study the effect of adding polypropylene fiber (PPF) on the behavior of expansive soil to reduce the swelling as percentage (0.5, 1 and 2%) of the weight of dry soil. Expansive soil used in this research was prepared artificially by mixing Ca-based bentonite from geological survey and mining company with sandy soil brought from Karbala city as percentage 80% bentonite to 20% sand of dry weight. Multiple laboratory tests have been carried are (Unconfined Compression Test, One-Dimensional Consolidation Test, Swelling Test, Sieve Analysis and Cycle Swell Shrink Test). A conventional odometer cell was modified to allow the study of swell- shrink cycle test to be carried out under controlled temperatures and surcharge pressure. The results showed that the increase in percentage of (PPF) led to decrease the swelling and to increase the unconfined compression strength. The wetting and drying results of (PPF) showed that with continuous cycles the effect of (PPF) keeps on reducing the swelling and the 2% of (PPF) produces less ratio of swell - shrink, which has obtained higher than 57 % in the improvement factor of swell and shrink.
An Experimental Study of Hybrid Machine Learning Models for Extracting Named Entities
Authors: Jiang Lei , Bolshakova Elena
Published: March 2019

The paper describes two hybrid neural network models for named entity recognition (NER) in texts, as well as results of experiments with them. The first model, namely Bi-LSTM-CRF, is known and used for NER, while the other model named Gated-CNN- CRF is proposed in this work. It combines convolutional neural network (CNN), gated linear units, and conditional random fields (CRF). Both models were tested for NER on three different language datasets, for English, Russian, and Chinese. All resulted scores of precision, recall and F1-measure for both models are close to the state-of-the-art for NER, and for the English dataset CoNLL-2003, Gated-CNN-CRF model achieves 92.66 of F1-measure, outperforming the known result.
gcn.MOPS: Accelerating cn.MOPS with GPU
Authors: Alkhamis Mohammad , Baniasadi Amirali
Published: March 2019

cn.MOPS is a frequently cited model-based algorithm used to quantitatively detect copy-number variations in next-generation, DNA-sequencing data. Previous work has implemented the algorithm as an R package and has achieved considerable yet limited performance improvement by employing multi-CPU parallelism (maximum achievable speedup was experimentally determined to be 9.24). In this paper, we propose an alternative mechanism of process acceleration. Using one CPU core and a GPU device in the proposed solution, gcn.MOPS, we achieve a speedup factor of 159 and reduce memory usage by more than half compared to cn.MOPS running on one CPU core.
Predicting high-cost patients by Machine Learning: A case study in an Australian private hospital group
Authors: Eigner Isabella , Bodendorf Freimut , Wickramasinghe Nilmini
Published: March 2019

Healthcare is considered a data-intensive industry, offering large data volumes that can, for example, be used as the basis for data-driven decisions in hospital resource planning. A significant aspect in that context is the prediction of cost-intensive patients. The presented paper introduces prediction models to identify patients at risk of causing extensive costs to the hospital. Based on a data set from a private Australian hospital group, four logistic regression models designed and evaluated to predict cost-intensive patients. Each model utilizes different feature sets including attributes gradually available throughout a patient episode. The results show that in particular variables reflecting hospital resources have a high influence on the probability to become a cost-intensive patient. The corresponding prediction model that incorporates attributes describing resource utilization achieves a sensitivity of 94.32% and thus enables an effective prediction of cost-intensive patients.
Defining discourse formulae: computational approach
Authors: Gerasimenko Ekaterina , Puzhaeva Svetlana , Zakharova Elena , Rakhilina Ekaterina
Published: March 2019

In this paper, we address the problem of automatic extraction of discourse formulae. By discourse formulae (DF) we mean a special type of constructions at the discourse level, which have a fixed form and serve as a typical response in the dialogue. Unlike traditional constructions [4, 5, 6], they do not contain variables within the sequence; their slots can be found in the left-hand or right-hand statements of the speech act. We have developed the system that extracts DF from drama texts. We have compared token-based and clause- based approaches and found the latter performing better. The clause-based model involves a uniform weight vote of four classifiers and currently shows the precision of 0.30 and the recall of 0.73 (F1-score 0.42).The created module was used to extract a list of DF from 420 drama texts of XIX-XXI centuries [1, 7]. The final list contains 3000 DF, 1800 of which are unique. Further development of the project includes enhancing the module by extracting left context features and applying other models, as well as exploring what DF concept looks like in other languages.
Comparison of Type I Interferon Expression in Adult and Neonatal Mice during Respiratory Viral Infection
Authors: Liang Zifeng
Published: March 2019

The aim of this paper is to identify the difference of type I interferon expression in 2- day neonatal and six-to-eight-weeks adult mice infected by Sendai virus (SeV), a single- stranded RNA virus of the family Paramyxoviridae. Sendai virus mimics the influence of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) on humans, but does not infect humans. Although RSV has a fatal impact on people across age groups, little is understood about this common virus and the disparity between neonatal and adult immune response to it. It has been suggested by past findings that Type I interferon mRNA is present in higher levels in adults than in neonates, however there is a greater amount of interferon proteins in neonates rather than adults. To test the hypothesis that neonates are more capable of interferon production and preventing the translation of viral protein, I observed mouse models of respiratory viral infection and determined the expression of IFN-α1, IFN-α2, IFN-α5, IFN-α6, IFN-α7, IFN-β in archived mouse lung tissue samples harvested on different days post-infection with quantitative real time PCR. Expression of Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH), a housekeeping gene expressed constitutively in all mouse models, was used as a positive control of the experiment. To determine the ideal concentration of primer used in qPCR, primer reconstitution, primer optimization, and gel electrophoresis were conducted in advance. In addition, technical replicates and biological replicates were used to reduce error and confirm results in qPCR. In accordance with previous discovery, I found an upward trend in adults’ interferon expression from post-infection day 1 to day 5, and levels off in day 7. In contrast, neonatal levels were much higher on day 1 and remained high over the course of infection. This explains how type I interferon expression is altered in neonates to help them clear the virus at the same efficiency as adults without causing inflammation. Future research on immune response differences in human infection should focus on the evaluation of interferon protein amounts, as well as the analysis of activation of molecules downstream of the type I interferon receptors, such as signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) protein family. It is also crucial to compare immune cells like macrophages and natural killer cell activity in adult and neonatal mice during viral infection.
Identifying DNA Sequence Motifs of Pdx-1 and NeuroD1 Transcription Factors
Authors: Aldarwish Hassan , Keller David , Harris Elena
Published: March 2019

Diabetes is a disease reported to be the 8th leading cause of death across the world. Nearly 38 million people worldwide have Type I diabetes caused by a dysfunction of beta cells that impairs insulin production. A better understanding of mechanisms related to gene expression in beta cells might help in the development of novel strategies for the effective treatment of diabetes. Two known transcription factors, Pdx-1 and NeuroD1, are shown to regulate gene expression in beta cells. Recently gene targets that are regulated by both Pdx-1 and NeuroD1 have been identified experimentally [7]. However, the motifs for this set of genes have not been found yet. Here we undertake the task of finding statistically overrepresented motifs in genes regulated by Pdx-1 and NeuroD1. The challenge of this project is to identify statistically significant pairs of motifs: one motif of each pair is for Pdx-1 and the other for NeuroD1. Commonly known motif-finding methods are usually restricted to finding a set of potential candidates, each of which is a single motif.