bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Resistance Pattern of Carbapenem on Enterobacteriaceae
Authors: Pokharel Khilasa , Dawadi Bishwa Raj , Bhatta Chandra Prakash , Gupte Satish , Jha Beena
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Gram negative bacilli are the important causes of common clinical infections. Carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae are considered as important public health threat and is classified as urgent by the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention because of their progressive geographic dissemination and limited therapeutic alternatives. This study was done to find out the resistance pattern of Carbapenem among Enterobacteriaceae.Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in Clinical Microbiology laboratory from February 2018 to May 2018 after ethical approval. Organism was identified on the basis of its microscopic observation by performing Gram’s stain and by identification of morphology after its growth in culture media followed by its biochemical reactions. Antibiotic sensitivity test of isolated pathogens was done using Muller Hinton Agar by the standard disk diffusion technique of Kirby-Bauer method.Results: In our study, total 1055 sample belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae. From the family Enterobactericeae, 348 (27%) of the bacilli were found to be Carbapenem resistant. Among which most common bacteria was Klebsiella pneumoniae followed by Escherichia coli. All strains of Carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae were sensitive to Colistin, Polymyxin B and Tigecycline. Conclusions: Among Enterobacteriaceae, around one-third of the bacterial isolates were Carbapenem resistant. However, to reduce drug resistance antimicrobial stewardship programme and proper infection control measures is required.
GOOD GOVERNANCE DALAM TATA KELOLA PEREKONOMIAN MEMACU PADA PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI RAKYAT
Authors: Handayani Tri
Published: January 2019

Abstrak Kemajuan suatu bangsa ditentukan oleh pengelolaan dalam sistem tata kelola pemerintahan yang baik. Good governance merupakan sebuah konsep dalam tata kelola pemerintahan yang mendasarkan pada pengelolaan negara yang bersih, amanah dan jujur. Manajemen pengelolaan dalam sistem tata kelola perekonomian merupakan hal terpenting guna memajukan konsep maupun program ekonomi kerakyatan. Konsep dasar yang perlu ditekankan adalah koperasi sebagai soku guru perekonomian rakyat, di mana sistem tata kelolanya mengacu pada pasal 33 UUD 1945. Penerapan good governance akan mendukung pemerataan dalam pelaksanaan pembangunan maupun pemerataan hasil-hasil pembangunan. Dengan demikian pertumbuhan dapat dinikmati oleh seluruh rakyat sehingga kesejahteraan rakyat yang menjadi tujuan pembangunan ekonomi nasional dapat terwujud.Kata Kunci: good governance, pertumbuhan, ekonomi AbstractThe progress of a nation is determined by the management in a good governance system. Good governance is a concept in goverment management based on the country management that are clean, trustworthy and honest. The management in economical system is the most important to advance the concept and the populist economic program. The basic concept that needs to be emphasized is cooperative as a stake holder for people, where the governance system refers to Article 33 of UUD 1945. The implementation of good governance will support the equalization in development or in the result of the development. Thus the growth of the development can be enjoyed by all people, so the welfare of the people will become the goal of economic development can be realized.Keywords: good governance, growth, economic
APLIKASI HERMENEUTIKA DALAM FIQH PEREMPUAN (Studi Pemikiran Khaled Abou el Fadl tentang fiqh Perempuan dalam Fatwa CRLO)
Authors: Fadhilah Iman
Published: January 2019

Abstrak Evolusi konsep fiqh yang masih sering dipermasalahkan adalah tentang “fiqh perempuan”. Selama ini, product fiqh dianggap diskriminatif, tidak menghargai hak-hak perempuan bahkan terkesan melecehkan perempuan, ayat-ayat tentang waris, kesaksian dan wali banyak disinyalir hanya mengunggulkan kaum laki-laki. Dari segala lini kehidupan, proses metamorfosis fiqh mulai terasa, terlebih di abad modern sekarang ini. Dengan pesatnya ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi maka isu-isu persamaan hak, kebebasan, keadilan gender dan lain-lain terus menggejala di berbagai belahan dunia. Pemikiran Khaled Abou el Fadl telah melihat mekanisme perumusan dan pengambilan keputusan fatwa-fatwa yang dikeluarkan baik oleh pribadi-pribadi, tokoh-tokoh masyarakat dan lebih-lebih lembaga-lembagaa dan organisasi keagamaan pada umumnya. Salah satu kritik Khaled Abou el Fadl tentang fiqh perempuan adalah kritik dari fatwa yang dikeluarkan oleh CRLO yang cenderung mendiskriminasikan perempuan dalam berbagai aktivitas kehidupannya. Dalam konteks tersebut, pada dasarnya hal yang terpenting untuk dipahami dalam hermeneutik adalah bagaimana sesungguhnya hubungang teks (text) atau nash, penulis atau pengarang (author) dan pembaca (reader) dalam dinamika pergumulan pemikiran hukum Islam. Dengan demikian hal yang diperlukan adalah fiqh yang humanis dan tidak diskriminatif terhadap perempuan.Kata kunci: Hermeneutika, fiqh, perempuan  AbstractThe evolution of fiqh concept which still questionable is about “women fiqh”. During this time, fiqh product is considered discriminative, not respect to the women rights and even impressed harassed the women, verses about inheritance, testimony and trustee many allegedly only favor the men. By from all life aspects, the process of fiqh metamorphosis begin to feel, especially in modern century. By the rapid development of science and technology, issues of equality, freedom, justice, gender and etc keeps implicated in various parts of the world. Khaled Abou el Fadl’s thought has seen the formulation mechanism and decision making of the (fatwa2) issued by personal, public figures, and even religius foundation and institutions in general. One of  Khaled Abou el Fadls critics about the women fiqh is a critic from (fatwa) issued by CRLO that tend to discriminate the women in their various life activities. In that context, basically the most important thing to understand in hermeneutics is how the written text (text) or script, the writer or authors and the readers in dynamics of the struggle of Islamic legal thought. Thus the things needed is humanist fiqh and discriminative against the womenKeywords: hermeneutics, fiqh, woman
Distributive Justice Sharing System on Sharia Based Micro Finance Institutions (Empirical Study of BMT X in Semarang)
Authors: . Lasmiatun
Published: January 2019

AbstractBMT X is closer to the distributive justice "The principle of fair equality of opportunity", the First; Justice Depositary: For the results of the paid-up member of the BMT financing obtained in accordance with the number of the income or gains on the month, divided in accordance with its portion, Second; Storage and BMT justice: For the results received by members of the depositary in accordance with the results accepted by BMT, from members of financing in the portion or ratio multiply by agreement between BMT and members keeper, Third; despite the fine provisions enacted but is flexible according to the ability of members and funds channeled kebaitul maal, Fourth;  BMT X more synergy activities are better able to be brought closer to the economically disadvantaged even sociological, helping each other, give and take, and mutual benefit. Fifth; Trust and supervision between members and BMT X can be increased revenues members who do not always have to reduce the growth of business incomeKeywords: BMT, Member, Sharing, Justice, Revenue. مخلص البحث                         : خزينة المال الشرعية هو أقرب إلى العدالة التوزيعية "مبدأ المساواة العادلة للفرصة" (مبدأ المساواة في المعرض فرصة)، الأول العدل الوديع: لنتائج أعضاء المدفوع من التمويل ل خزينة المال الشرعيةوفقا لكمية حصل في الدخل أو المكاسب في الشهر، تنقسم وفقا لحصتها، وهما الوديع العدل و خزينة المال الشرعية: لالنتائج وفقا لأعضاء الوديع الواردة وفقا للنتائج مقبولة من قبلخزينة المال الشرعية ، التمويل عضوا ضرب من قبل جزء أو نسبة الاتفاق بينوأعضاء حارس، شروط الثالثة من الغرامات على الرغم من سريان ولكن مرنة وفقا لقدرة الأعضاء والأموال المقدمة للمال تصبح مقرا، الرابع آخر خزينة المال الشرعيةمزيد من التآزر التي يتم اقتصاديا أن يقدموا أكثر أقرب للمحرومين حتى السوسيولوجية، مما يساعد، الأخذ والعطاء، يمكن أن تكون مفيدة للطرفين، والثقة الخامس والإشراف بين الأعضاء و خزينة المال الشرعيةيمكن أن تكون زيادة أعضاء إيرادات الذين ليس لديهم دائما للحد من نمو الإيرادات التجارية.كلمات البحث:الألفاظ الأساسياة :خزينة المال الشرعية ، عضو ، مشاركة الأرباح, والعدل, والإيرادات
ETOS DAGANG ORANG ISLAM JAWA DAN BUDAYA DAGANG ETNIS CINA DALAM TANTANGAN PENINGKATAN PEREKONOMIAN INDONESIA
Authors: . Daryono , Anggraheni Dini
Published: January 2019

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan membuktikan keberhasilan etos dagang orang Islam Jawa dengan nilai-nilai moral yang sesuai pada masa itu. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kepustakaan (library research), data bersumber dari berbagai karya para ahli yang menjelaskan kedalaman maksud yang menunjukkan keberhasilan etos dagang. Metode dengan analisis isi (content analysis) dipadukan dengan hermeneutic ilmiah juga pendekatan sosiologis yang bersifat interpretasi sosiologik. Penelitian ini diharapkan bisa memperbaiki dugaan negatif pada etos dagang orang Islam Jawa yang mungkin justru bisa menjadi tantangan peningkatan perekonomian Indonesia sekarang dan yang akan datang.Kata Kunci : Etos , Dagang, Orang Islam, Jawa Abstract This study aims to prove the success of the Javanese Moslem’s trade ethos with the moral values of its time. The type of this research is library research; the data are derived from various works of experts which explain the depth of intent that shows the success of its trade ethos. The method used is content analysis combined with scientific hermeneutics as well as sociological approach which is sociological interpretation. This study is expected to improve the negative allegations on the Javanese Moslem’s trade ethos which might actually be a challenge to improve the Indonesian economy now and in the future. Keywords: Ethos, Trade, Moslem, Javanese
On the trends of long-range air pollution and the dynamics of comfort in climatic conditions in the first half of the twenty-first century in Russia
Authors: Makosko A. A. , Matesheva A. V. , Emelina S. V.
Published: January 2019

Changes in the general circulation of the atmosphere in a changing climate can lead to a noticeable redistribution of the amount of pollutants entering and areas affecting regions during long-range pollution. In this connection, a methodical approach has been formulated for assessing the trends of long-range atmospheric pollution for given environmentally significant zones, taking into account the predicted climate changes. Pollution indices, characterizing the amount of transported impurity in the latitudinal and meridional directions, are introduced, and calculations are made for January, April, July, October and the year for the period 1980—2050, which generally indicate well-defined trends in long-range atmospheric pollution. The study of the dynamics of the influence of changing weather and climatic conditions in specific areas on human activity in terms of comfort of living has been carried out.
I luoghi fertili per l'innovazione. uno studio sulla localizzazione delle start-up innovative in Italia
Authors: Antonietti Roberto , Gambarotto Francesca
Published: January 2019

Lo start-up d'impresa è uno strumento fondamentale per trasformare la conoscenza in nuovi prodotti/servizi innovativi. In Italia da pochi anni si è intervenuti a sostegno della nascita di nuove imprese innovative ma poca rilevanza viene data alle caratteristiche ambientali che favoriscono questo processo creativo. In questo lavoro, utilizzando il registro delle start-up innovative di Unioncamere e i sistemi locali del lavoro di Istat, analizziamo la distribuzione territoriale delle start-up per capire quali sono i fattori che ne influenzano maggiormente la nascita e la localizzazione. Dall'analisi emerge che i centri urbani di dimensioni mediograndi grazie alla varietà della loro economia, alla presenza di attori cruciali come i centri universitari e gli incubatori e alla performance economica aperta verso mercati internazionali caratterizzano gli habitat più fertili per sostenere la nascita di start-up innovative.
Una prospettiva dinamica per l'analisi del ciclo di vita degli spin-off
Authors: Caloffi Annalisa , Gambarotto Francesca , Sedita Silvia Rita
Published: January 2019

Il contributo si propone di contribuire alla comprensione della natura dei processi di trasferimento tecnologico, studiando il caso degli spin-off accademici. Sebbene questo meccanismo di trasferimento tecnologico sia tra i più studiati in letteratura, si ritiene che alcune delle sue peculiarità meritino un "plus" di attenzione. In particolare, si sono studiate le traiettorie evolutive degli spin-off, traendo le argomentazioni da evidenze empiriche raccolte da più fonti. Per prima cosa, è stata condotta un'indagine esplorativa che ha fornito informazioni sulle caratteristiche principali degli spin-off dell'Università di Padova; in secondo luogo, sono state condotte alcune interviste in profondità e applicata un'analisi del contenuto; in terzo luogo, sono state mappate le critical juncture di quattro spin-off studiati in dettaglio attraverso la metodologia dei casi di studio.
Trasferimento di tecnologia e scienza politica: il caso dello spin-off dell'università di Padova sherpa srl
Authors: Messina Patrizia
Published: January 2019

Nella concezione fordista dello sviluppo il "trasferimento tecnologico" viene riferito in modo pressoché esclusivo alla produzione di brevetti e spin-off provenienti dalle discipline ad alto contenuto tecnologico, tipico dei politecnici, finalizzati in genere alla produzione industriale. Nell'ambito di una economia della conoscenza, invece, il trasferimento di tecnologia viene inteso principalmente come "condivisione di sapere codificato" e riguarda l'intera gamma della conoscenza scientifica applicata, in grado cioè di generare innovazione nei processi di produzione del benessere della collettività. In questa seconda accezione del termine gli studi sulle politiche di sviluppo locale hanno permesso di elaborare un "sapere esperto" in grado di accompagnare gli attori locali in un percorso collaborativo di design e implementazione di strategie di sviluppo nell'ambito di processi di policy design partecipativi. Il saggio focalizza l'attenzione sull'esperienza maturata sul campo a questo riguardo, presentando il caso dello spin-off dell'Università di Padova Sherpa srl.
Índice de Calidad Financiera (ICF)
Authors: Rey Miró Damià , Piffaut Pedro V.
Published: January 2019

Una vez desencadenada la crisis económica que comenzó a mediados del año 2007, las autoridades financieras, así como los gobiernos de las principales economías del mundo desarrollado, comenzaron a enfatizar la importancia de anticipar y estimar los riesgos financieros sistémicos por sobre los riesgos de un determinado sector. Más allá de la solidez macroeconómica, los países estarán mejor preparados para convivir con la volatilidad potencial de las afluencias de capital si tienen mercados de renta variable de mayor calidad. Asimismo, la nueva directiva europea MIFID II (Markets in Financial Instruments Directive) que entrará en vigor a partir de enero de 2018, se inspira en las premisas de la seguridad, eficacia y transparencia del mercado hacia los inversores. El actual trabajo pretende desarrollar un indicador que refuerce y mida la calidad del mercado español, en particular el de renta variable, mediante el desarrollo de un nuevo indicador llamado ICF (Índice de Calidad Financiera) que muestra, de una manera objetiva, el grado de madurez y estabilidad del mercado.
Modelo de volatilidad a los precios de cierre de la acción PFCEMARGOS comprendidas entre 16/mayo/2013 al 31/mayo/2017
Authors: Cortes García Christian , Cangrejo Esquivel Álvaro
Published: January 2019

En este trabajo se presenta un modelo que explique la volatilidad de los retornos en los precios de cierre diarios de las acciones preferenciales de la empresa colombiana de cementos Argos S.A, al tomar como referencia la volatilidad histórica y los modelos de volatilidad GARCH, TGARCH, IGARCH, EGARCH y APARCH. Así mismo, se realiza un contraste con un modelo SVt-AR(1) para determinar la efectividad del modelo seleccionado por fuera de la muestra. El modelo que mejor explica la volatilidad condicional de los retornos y realiza pronósticos de precios es el IGARCH(16,16) con algunos parámetros nulos.
El sentimiento de los inversores sobre el tamaño en los múltiplos de valoración europeos
Authors: Rubio Martín Gracia
Published: January 2019

El objetivo de este documento es aportar una nueva perspectiva sobre los factores de control, diferentes a sector o industria, necesarios para el correcto uso de los múltiplos de valoración: MARKET-EBITDA, MARKET-SALES y MARKET-BOOK en el mercado europeo. Analizamos el papel del tamaño y sus interacciones con el resto de las variables, en especial aquellas relativas a rentabilidad y riesgo. Se ha desarrollado un modelo de valoración basado en datos de panel para empresas cotizadas europeas durante el período 2002-2013. Descubrimos que el tamaño incluye aspectos económicos de las empresas, pero también capta otros aspectos diferenciadores, demostrando que los inversores pagan diferente en cada ratio la misma magnitud económica en función del tamaño de las empresas. Por todo ello el tamaño es un factor de control importante, junto al resto de variables, para seleccionar el grupo de comparación y averiguar si una empresa está cara o barata frente a otras. Lo descrito ayuda a comprender por qué las empresas grandes evolucionan de un modo diferente a comparación de otras más pequeñas ante las mismas condiciones económicas o ciclos. El artículo está en consonancia con el marco teórico de valoración por múltiplos, así como con la teoría del efecto tamaño.
İrritabl Bağırsak Sendromuna Güncel Bakış
Authors: Yılmaz Birsen , Akbulut Gamze
Published: January 2019

İrritabl bağırsak sendromu (İBS), gastrointestinal sistem hastalıkları arasında en sık rastlanan, kronik fonksiyonel bir hastalıktır. Toplumun geniş bir kısmını etkilemesinin yanı sıra bazı hastalar semptomlarını normal kabul edip herhangi bir sağlık kuruluşuna başvurmamaktadır. Etiyolojisi tam olarak anlaşılamamıştır. Hastaların semptomlarına göre tedavi seçilse de genellikle yaşam tarzında değişiklikler (özellikle beslenmeye yönelik), farmakolojik tedavi ve psikolojik destek tedavinin temelini oluşturmaktadır. İrritabl bağırsak sendromlu hastalar için faydalı olabileceği düşünülen güncel diyet yaklaşımları: fermente oligo-, di- ve mono-sakkaritler ile poliollerden düşük (FODMAP) bir diyet, gaz yapıcı besinlerin, laktozun ve glutenin diyetten çıkarılması veya sınırlandırılması ve hastaların İBS alt sınıflarına göre posa miktarının artırılması ya da azaltılması şeklindedir. İrritabl bağırsak sendromunun etiyolojisinin anlaşılabilmesi ve yeni tedavi yöntemlerinin geliştirilebilmesi için daha fazla araştırmaya ihtiyaç vardır.
Gıda Katkı Maddelerinin Sağlık Üzerine Etkileri: Risk Değerlendirme
Authors: İnan Eroğlu Elif , Ayaz Aylin
Published: January 2019

Gıda katkı maddeleri, tüketiciye sunulan gıdaların görünüş ve lezzet gibi duyusal özelliklerini arzu edilen duruma getirmek, kalite özelliklerini korumak, gıda değerini korumak, raf ömrünü uzatmak ve gıda çeşitliliğini artırmak için teknolojik amaç doğrultusunda kullanılmaktadır. Gıda katkı maddelerinin araştırılması ve gıda endüstrisinde kullanımı, ekonominin yanı sıra ulusal gıda bilimi ve teknolojisinin gelişim düzeyini de gösteren önemli bir unsurdur. Son yıllarda yaşam tarzı ve beslenme alışkanlıklarının değişmesiyle birlikte işlenmiş ve ambalajlı gıdaların tüketimini arttırmıştır. Bu durum, bu kimyasal maddelerin tüketiminin artmasına bağlı olarak, kabul edilebilir günlük alım düzeylerinin aşma riskini beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu derleme yazıda gıda katkı maddelerinin sağlık üzerine etkilerinin incelenmesi ve risk değerlendirmesi yapılması amaçlanmıştır.
Sleeve Gastrektomi Uygulanan Hastalarda Ağırlık Kaybının Nonalkolik Yağlı Karaciğer İle İlgili Bazı Yeni Parametreler Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: Kahramanoğlu Aksoy Evrim , Göktaş Zeynep , Albuz Özgür , Akpınar Muhammet Yener , Öztürk Doğan , Buluş Hakan , Uzman Metin
Published: January 2019

Amaç: Morbid obez hastalarda bariatrik cerrahinin nonalkolik yağlı karaciğer hastalığı (NAYKH)’nın hem histolojik hem de karaciğer enzimleri üzerine olumlu etkisi olduğu bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı sleeve gastrektominin morbid obez hastalarda NAYKH ile ilgili bazı parametreler üzerine etkilerini incelemektir.

Bireyler ve Yöntem: Ocak 2017-Ocak 2018 tarihleri arasında sleeve gastrektomi ameliyatı yapılan 70 hasta çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Ameliyat öncesi ve ameliyatın 12. ayındaki laboratuvar parametreleri ve antropometrik ölçümleri hasta dosya arşivinden kaydedilmiştir. Hastaların Beden Kütle İndeksi (BKİ), Gamaglutamiltransferaz-platelet oranı (GPR), Mutlak nötrofil sayısı/Mutlak lenfosit sayısı (NLR), Mutlak platelet sayısı/Mutlak lenfosit sayısı (PLR), Mutlak monosit sayısının yüksek dansiteli lipoprotein (HDL)’e oranı (MHR), HOMA-IR, karaciğer enzimleri, toplam ağırlık kaybı (TWL), aşırı ağırlık kaybı (EWL) hesaplanmıştır.

Bulgular: Hastaların BKİ, HOMA-IR, karaciğer enzimleri, GPR, NLR, MHR değerlerinde 12. ayda anlamlı düşüş izlenirken PLR değeri açısından fark saptanmamıştır. TWL, EWL ve NAYKH parametreleri arasında korelasyon belirlenmemiştir.

Sonuç: Sleeve gastrektomi ameliyatı olmuş NAYKH hastaların takibinde GPR, MHR, NLR kullanılabilecek basit parametrelerdir.
Vardiyalı Çalışan İşçilerde Beslenme Durumu, Uyku Kalitesi ve Metabolik Sendrom Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: Çakmak Gökçe , Kızıl Mevlüde
Published: January 2019

Amaç: Vardiyalı çalışmanın sirkadiyen ritimde bozulma, yaşam şekli değişikliği, iş gerginliği ve stres gibi birçok faktörle ilişkili olduğu ve bu durumun sağlık problemlerini de beraberinde getirdiği düşünülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, vardiyalı çalışmanın beslenme durumu, uyku kalitesi, fiziksel aktivite ve metabolik sendrom (MetS) bileşenleri üzerine etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır.

Bireyler ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma İstanbul’da özel bir güvenlik firmasında vardiyalı çalışan 19-55 yaşları arasında 70 gönüllü birey (16 kadın, 54 erkek) ve 70 normal gün saati çalışan (kontrol) birey (16 kadın, 54 erkek) üzerinde yapılmıştır. Bireylerin demografik özellikleri, fiziksel aktivite kaydı, uyku kalitesi ve üç günlük besin tüketim kayıtları yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle soru formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Fiziksel aktivite düzeyi IPAQ kısa form kullanılarak, uyku kalitesi Pittsburgh Uyku Kalite İndeksi (PUKİ) kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca, bireylerin biyokimyasal bulguları (Açlık kan glukozu, HDL-kolesterol, Trigliserit düzeyleri) analiz edilmiş, antropometrik ölçümleri (vücut ağırlığı, boy uzunluğu, bel çevresi ve kalça çevresi) ve kan basıncı bulguları alınmıştır.

Bulgular: Bireylerin uyku kaliteleri incelendiğinde vardiyalı çalışan grubun %58.6’sı kötü uyku kalitesine sahipken kontrol grubunun sadece %17.1’inin kötü uyku kalitesine sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Vardiyalı çalışan kadınların %68.8’i hafif şişman veya obez iken, kontrol grubundaki kadınların %18.8’i hafif şişmandır. Vardiyalı çalışan erkeklerin %85.2’sinin ise hafif şişman veya obez olduğu saptanmıştır. IDF-2005 metabolik sendrom tanı kriterleri tek tek değerlendirildiğinde bel çevresi bileşeni ve MetS görülme oranı açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı fark olduğu görülmüştür (p<0.001). Bireylerin, enerji ve besin ögesi alımlarına bakıldığında hem kadın hem de erkek vardiyalı çalışanların daha yüksek enerji ve karbonhidrat alımları olduğu görülmektedir (p<0.05).

Sonuç: Bu çalışma, vardiyalı çalışmanın bireylerin uyku kalitelerini düşüren, obezite ve metabolik sendrom riskini arttıran bir durum olduğunu göstermektedir.
Украинскому научно-исследовательскому институту металлов – 90 лет
Authors: Stalinsky D.V. , Rudyuk A.S.
Published: January 2019

Рассмотрены этапы становления и развития Украинского научно-исследовательского института металлов (УкрНИИМет), созданного 30 октября 1928 г. для оказания научно-технической помощи предприятиям металлургической отрасли. В течение 90 лет институт находится на передовых рубежах металлургии, совершенствуя действующие и разрабатывая новые эффективные технологии для всех металлургических переделов. В настоящее время УкрНИИМет входит в состав ГП «УкрНТЦ «Энергосталь» и, сохраняя многолетние традиции, нацелен на успешную реализацию новых проектов в области металлургического производства, энерго- и ресурсосбережения, использования вторичных энергоресурсов и защиты окружающей природной среды. Ил.3. Библиогр.: 11 назв.
Ключевые слова: черная металлургия, сталь, чугун, непрерывная разливка стали, элементы верхнего строения железнодорожного пути, профили металлопроката, мелющие тела, стандартизация.
Herbal Products and Conventional Drugs – an Uneasy Alliance
Authors: Glynn John , Bhikha Rashid
Published: January 2019

This review examines the interaction between herbal remedies and conventional (orthodox) drugs. There has been a substantial increase in the consumption of herbal remedies in recent times for various reasons. They are often combined with one another, and are often used simultaneously with conventional drugs that are taken for a wide range of disorders, both acute and chronic. The probability of a real and substantial interaction between the therapeutic agents originating from different medical paradigms is likewise expanding. Whilst most of the herbdrug interactions are undoubtedly minor, benign, and harmless, there are reports of more serious interactions. Possible reasons for specific herb-drug interactions are examined, particularly from the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic perspectives

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(1) 2019 p.24-29
Potential Immuno-modulatory activity of Probiotics containing Lactobacillusacidophilus and Lacobacilluscasei to increase the ratio of IFN γ/IL-4 in patients with Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Wardani Andriana Tjitria Widi , Wiratno - , Fatmawati Dina
Published: January 2019

Aims: This study aimed to determine the effect of probiotic combination on ratio of IFN-γ: IL-4 levels in patients with allergic rhinitis.

Materials and methods: Single blind, randomized controlled trial.This study included 40 patients with severe allergic rhinitis according to WHO criteria. This study used 2 treatment groups with probiotics and placebo control group. IFN γ and IL-4 levels were evaluated using ELISA method. Data were analyzed using paired T test with 95% confidence intervals

Results and Discussion: In the treatment group, the levels of IFN-γ increased significantly (p<0.05).In contrast, IL-4 levels decreased significantly(p<0.05). There was a significant difference between the IFN-γ ratio: IL-4 treatment and control group (p <0.05).

Conclusion: The administration of combination of probiotics can improve the levels of IFN-γ/ IL-4 in patients with moderate to severe allergic rhinitis.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(1) 2019 p.42-45
Foetal outcome in pregnant women with anaemia
Authors: Singal Neerja , Taneja Bal Krishan , Setia Geetanjali , Singal Kiran Kumar
Published: January 2019

Objective: To find out the situation and causes of anaemia in pregnant women at MMIMSR during the study period with special reference to the severity of the disease and to find out foetal outcome in pregnant women with anaemia.

Methods: The study was conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MMIMSR, Mullana, Ambala(India). The study was carried out between the period of october 2012 to September 2014.A total of 200 cases of moderate and severe anaemia were included in the study on the basis of simple random sampling method and 200 cases of non anaemic subjects were included to serve as controls for the anaemic group, during the study period. Hb gm/dl was taken as criteria for deciding anaemia cases and also to classify them according to the severity. Cases were classified according to WHO criteria.

Results: Out of 200 cases of anaemia, 70% were moderately anaemic (Hb 7 – 9.9gm/dl) and 30% were severly anaemic (Hb < 7gm/dl). Microcytic hypochromic type of anaemia (82.5%) was more prevalent suggesting nutritional inadequacies as cause of anaemia. Adverse foetal outcome in the form of preterm birth (17%), still birth (3.5%), low birth weight babies (27.5%), neonatal morbidity (23.3%) was more in the anaemic group than non anaemic controls

Conclusion: Anaemia in pregnancy has adverse foetal outcome in the form of decreased birth weight, increased perinatal morbidity and mortality.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(1) 2019 p.63-72
Epidemiological characteristics of acute intestinal infection outbreaks in Ukraine Under the current conditions
Authors: Malysh Nina , Chemych Mycola , Doan Svitlana , Rodyna Roman
Published: January 2019

Objective: determination of epidemiological peculiarities of acute intestinal infections outbreak incidence in Ukraine for the period 2014-2017.

Materials and methods: Applying descriptive and analytical techniques of an epidemiological research method and statistical methods, using materials of the official statutory records of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, the nature of acute intestinal infection outbreaks by etiology, transmission routes and affected cohort groups was investigated.

Result and discussion: At the current stage AII outbreaks are registered every year and throughout Ukraine. Herewith, their specific gravity in total diarrheal infection incidence, excluding shigellosis and salmonellosis, is insignificant. Outbreak incidence levels in the industrial and tourist centres of Ukraine exceed similar rates in other regions by several times. Salmonelloses dominate in the nosological structure of outbreak incidence. The majority of outbreaks is transmitted by food. Most of diarrheal infection outbreaks are connected with catering facilities and children’s pre-school institutions, as well as with visiting festive occasions arranged at home. A rise in outbreak incidence is observed from May till September. Rotaviral enteritis outbreaks are more frequently registered in January through March.

Conclusion: The detected peculiarities of acute intestinal infection outbreak incidence shall be considered when developing regional programs of epidemiological surveillance over diarrheal infections.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(1) 2019 p.73-77
Clinical features of rheumatic heart disease in children and adults in Western Ukraine
Authors: Boyarchuk Oksana , Hariyan Tetyana , Kovalchuk Tetyana
Published: January 2019

Background: Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is still a big problem affecting children and adults in many countries all over the world.

Objectives: The aim of our study was to determine the clinical course of RHD in children and adults of Western Ukraine, to ascertain the reasons for development and progression of the disease, and outline prospects for its prevention.

Material and methods: The study included 32 children aged 11 to17 years and 35 adults aged 20 to 42 years with RHD. All patients underwent a standardized examination protocol, which consisted of detailed medical history, laboratory tests, ECG, Doppler echocardiography.

Results: The mean age in the children group was 15.8±1.5 years and in adults group - 35.4±7.3 years. Rural areas residents were the majority in both children and adults groups, 71.9% and 77.1% respectively. Recurrent acute rheumatic fever (ARF) was observed in 35.0% of children and in 54.3% adults with history of ARF. Long-term secondary prevention of streptococcal infections was satisfactory in 40.0% of child cases and in 31.6% of adult cases. The lack of compliance and poor health awareness among patients and their parents were most common reasons for inadequate prophylaxis. Subclinical RHD was diagnosed in 37.5% of child cases and in 45.7% of adult cases. Isolated mitral regurgitation (MR) was common in child cases (43.8%) while mitral stenosis (MS) (isolated or combined) was the most common in adult cases (88.6%). Clinical signs of heart failure were absent in half of child cases, but were present in all adult cases at functional class II and III (42.3% and 57.7% respectively). Atrial fibrillation occurred in 34.3% of adult cases.

Conclusion: MR is the predominant cardiac valvular lesion in children with RHD. Inadequate secondary prevention was identified as one of the main causes of development and progression of the disease, leading in adults to MS, combined valvular lesions, arrhythmic and infectious complications. Education of patients and their parents is very important for improving compliance with long-term prophylaxis. Special attention should be given to patients from rural areas and those with difficulties in adhering to antibiotic prevention regimes.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(1) 2019 p.87-93
Centella asiatica decrease bax expression In prefrontal cortex of rat models
Authors: Kuswati - , Wiyono Nanang , Akhmad Syaefudin Ali
Published: January 2019

Introduction: Centella asiatica is a herb, which has neuroprotective properties, thus, it can be used to prevent neural damage caused by stress and increased glucocorticoid level. Madecassoside, asiaticoside, asiatic acid, and madecassic acid that are contained inside Centellaasiatica extract have antioxidant and neuroprotective properties.

Method: This research is an experimental research using an animal model with post test-only control group design. We used samples from biologically stored product, in the form of 25 rat-brain tissue paraffin blocks. These brain tissues originated from 25 rat models that were divided into groups P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5. Group P1 was intervened with restrain stress.Group P2, P3, and P4 was intervened with restrain stress and ethanolic extract of Centella asiaticaat 150, 300, and 600 mg/kgBW/days, respectively. Group P5 was intervened with stress and fluoxetinat 10 mg/kgBW/days. On day 23, brain tissues were terminated, perfused, and extracted. Brain tissues were then made into paraffin blocks, turned into preparation pieces, histochemically stained, and cells that expressed caspace-bax were counted.

Results: There was a statistically significant difference of Bax expression between P1 group and P3, P4, and P5 (p=0,01). Bax expression in group P1 was significantly higher than P2, P3, P4, and P5. There was no statistically significant difference of Bax expression between group P1 and P2 (p=0,08).

Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of Centella asiatica was able to decrease Bax expression in prefrontal cortex of chronic restraint stress induced Spraque Dawley rat models.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(1) 2019 p.112-117
Awake fiberoptic intubation – A golden choice still? - Report of two Cases
Authors: Raghuraman MS , Krishnaprasad P , Vinod K , Kurehkar Pranjali , Dilipkumar G , Gnanasekar N
Published: January 2019

Abstract not available

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(1) 2019 p.141-144
Recurrent primary leiomyosarcoma of the seminal vesicle treated with curative radiotherapy.
Authors: Santacaterina Anna , Scimone Antonino , Parisi Silvana , Settineri Nicola , Platania Angelo , Acquaviva Grazia , Pergolizzi Stefano
Published: January 2019

A case of locally recurrent leiomyosarcoma of the left seminal vesicle, previously surgically resected, is described in a 65-year-old man. The patient underwent curative radiation therapy (61 Gy/33 fractions). Initially, he experienced a complete response after irradiation, but 15 months after treatment, progressive disease was recorded both in lung and bone, without evidence of local recurrence. The lack of efficient systemic therapies leads to a poor prognosis in this disease; clinical outcome in this patient seems to suggest the utility of radiotherapy in the very rare scenario of locally recurrent seminal vesicle leiomyosarcoma.

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(1) 2019 p.156-158
How a Journal Club Course Changed Learners’ Approach in a Medical Doctorate Program- an Analysis of the PhD Scholars’ Perspective.
Authors: Ahmed Tania
Published: January 2019

ABSTRACT

Background/Aim: A structured journal club course that counts towards the final assessment was introduced in a medical doctorate program course at King Edward Medical University, Pakistan. This study aims to explore its effects on the learning approach of PhD scholars. Methods: A qualitative study comprising of a focus group discussion, involving eight out of the total of thirteen PhD scholars was conducted in 2017. Focus group discussions were transcribed verbatim and codes and themes were identified using grounded theory. The findings were triangulated with data from teaching feedback forms of the course from all the thirteen PhD scholars from 2015 to 2017. Results: The participants described an overall positive effect of the course on their learning, including development of critical and scientific thinking. They also reported improvement in their clinical and teaching practice. They attributed these to the interactive nature of the course, role playing as author while presenting the assigned paper in journal club, help from the study guide, interdisciplinary peer learning and the awareness that they were being graded on their performance. Conclusions: A semester long structured journal club course that contributes to the final assessment may be an effective tool to teach medical doctorate students about the research process and critical appraisal skills.
SOSIALISASI DAN PENYULUHAN KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT DI RW 19 KELURAHAN TANJUNG UNCANG
Authors: Ryadin Agus Umar
Published: January 2019

Kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat kali ini dilaksanakan di RW 19, Kelurahan Tanjung Uncang, Kecamatan Batu aji, Kota Batam. Berdasarkan kondisi wilayahnya, daerah ini merupakan lingkungan warga yang menempati lahan kosong milik perseorangan ataupun perusahaan yang belum digunakan, yang biasa dikenal sebagai Ruli (Rumah Liar). Dilihat dari lingkungan tempat tinggalnya yang sebahagian besar adalah lahan kosong dimana tidak tersedianya fasilitas air bersih dan saluran pembuangan air (toilet) yang memadai, kebersihan lingkungan yang tidak dikelola dengan baik, dan beberapa hal penting lainnya, maka potensial permasalahan yang dapat timbul salah satunya adalah masalah kesehatan masyarakat, baik yang disebabkan oleh factor lingkungan maupun factor manusianya. Untuk itulah salah satu solusi yang tepat sebagai langkah awal untuk peningkatan kesehatan masyaraka tadalah dengan mengadakan Sosialisasi dan Penyuluhan Kesehatan Masyarakat, khususnya kepada warga RW 19, dalam ha lini adalah tentang Pentingnya Hidup Bersih dan Sehat, yang dijabarkan dalam “10 Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) di RumahTangga”, Dengan mengetahui hal-hal tersebut, diharapkan warga masyarakat dapat menerapkannya di dalam lingkungan rumah tangganya masing-masing sehingga tingkat kesehatan masyarakat bias menjadi lebih baik. Dengan meningkatnya tingkat kesehatan masyarakat maka kesejahteraannya pun dapat menjadi lebih baik.
KARYA KREATIF YANG MEMPUNYA NILAI EKONOMIS DENGAN PEMANFAATAN SAMPAH RUMAH TANGGA DI KELURAHAN SUNGAI PELUNGGUT, KECAMATAN SAGULUNG BATAM PROVINSI KEPULAUAN RIAU
Authors: Yona Mira
Published: January 2019

Kelurahan Sungai Pelunggut adalah salah satu kelurahan yang berada di kecamatan Sagulung Kota Batam, Kelurahan ini memiliki luas wilayah 5,2 Km² dengan jumlah penduduk 19.292 Jiwa. Berdasarkan penelitian yang di lakukan Kelurahan Sungai Pelunggut ini menghasilkan sampah terbanyak nomor tiga setelah Tiban Kampung, untuk mengurangi kuantitas sampah di Sungai Pelunggut ini, maka diadakanlah gerakan pemanfaatan sampah oleh ibu- ibu rumah tangga, dengan cara mengolah sampah menjadi produk yang bernilai ekonomis, yang tujuannya adalah menimbulkan kesadaran akan bahayanya sampah,  mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan, menambah pendapatan keluarga, dan menjadikan hidup sehat. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisa permasalahan, pemanfaatan limbah sampah dengan melibatkan Dinas Terkait,dengan cara memberikan berbagai macam pelatihan pembuatan produk dari sampah rumah tangga yang mempunyai nilai ekonomis, memonitor dan mendampingi proses selama kegiatan berlangsung dan membantu kegiatan pemasaran produk yang di hasilkan oleh ibu- ibu rumah tangga dengan cara melakukan kerjasama dengan dinas pasar, industry, swasta, dan dinas terkait lainnya, dengan adanya  kegiatan ini manfaat  yang dirasakan oleh masyarakat adalah , kurangnya sampah yang berserakan karna masyarakat sudah sadar akan bahayanya sampah dan pentingnya sampah dengan cara memanfaatkan sampah untuk menambah pendapatan keluarga, serta berkurangnya pencemaran lingkungan yang disebabkan oleh sampah dan berkurangnya penyebaran penyakit. Hidup lebih sehat.
PENGENALAN DISIPLIN BERLALU LINTAS TERHADAP ANAK USIA DINI DAN ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Rumbadi Rumbadi
Published: January 2019

Kemajuan teknologi berdampak sosial kepada anak-anak, yang keingintahuannya lebih besar. Tak jarang anak-anak di usia sekolah dasar mengendarai motor yang sebenarnya itu dilarang. Oleh sebab itu tujuan penulisan jurnal ini agar orang tua anak membimbing anak mereka pada jalur sesuai usianya. Metologi dalam penulisan jurnal ini menggunakan metodologi penulisan dari optic sosioligis/empiris, yaitu metodologi yang terjadi di tengah masyarakat (das sein). Untuk mengemudi ada aturannya yang batas-batas untuk mengendarai mobil atau motor diatur dalam UULLJ. Anak-anak yang mengendari motor atau mengemudikan kendaraan dibawah umur akibat orang tua mereka tidak disiplin.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN PERCAKAPAN DAN MENGEJA BILANGAN ANGKA DALAM BAHASA INGGRIS PADA SISWA SD DAN SMP DI RW 09 KELURAHAN SAGULUNG KOTA – KOTA BATAM
Authors: Santoso Cahyo Budi
Published: January 2019

Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana meningkatan kemampuan percakapan dan mengeja bilangan angka dalam Bahasa Inggris pada siswa SD dan SMP di RW 09 Kelurahan Sagulung Kota – Kota Batam. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini adalah metode langsung yaitu menuntun anak-anak  mengucapkan kata per kata, kalimat per kalimat dan melatih kemahiran siswa dalam mengucapkan Bahasa Inggris dengan baik dan benar. Hasil yang diperoleh Anak-anak mulai mengerti materi dasar yang diberikan (mengeja abjad dan angka dalam Bahasa Inggris), mengetahui pentingnya Bahasa Inggris dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, berani berkomunikasi / mampu mengenalkan dirinya secara sederhana menggunakan Bahasa Inggris
PENDAMPINGAN BIMBINGAN BELAJAR MATEMATIKA BERBANTUAN BUKU SAKU MELALUI MEDIA PERMAINAN MONOPOLI UNTUK MENANAMKAN MINAT BELAJAR SISWA DALAM BERHITUNG DI SDN 020 RW 02 KELURAHAN SEI LANGKAI
Authors: Gusmania Yesi , Agustyaningrum Nina
Published: January 2019

AbstrakPengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan sebagai salah satu kegiatan pengembangan diri bagi siswa didik dengan memberikan pengalaman belajar yang bermakna dan bervariasi. Berdasarkan survey studi lapangan  dengan masyarakat RW 02 kelurahan sei langkai bahawa mengalami kesulitan disaat menyelesaikan tugas yang diberikan disekolah yang berhubungan dengan masalah berhitung. Selain itu, penjelasan secara langsung oleh guru yang didominasi dengan pemberian ceramah. Hal ini disebabkan karena pembelajaran  yang dilaksanakan selama ini di SDN 20 sangat jarang menggunakan metode-metode yang inovatif dan media yang digunakan belum maksimal, sehingga kurangnya minat belajar siswa dalam operasi berhitung. Salah satu cara yang digunakan pendidik untuk meningkatkan minat belajar siswa, adalah dengan memberikan variasi media dengan menggunakan permainan monopoli. Permaianan monopoli dapat dilakukan secara berkelompok melalui pelaksanaan berupa prosedur permaian, stimulasi dan permainan monopolinya. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa: (1) siswa sangat antusias, ketika mereka disuruh untuk mengerjakan soal yang diberikan dan direspon dengan baik., (2) Pelaksanaan program pengabdian pada masyarakat ini sangat bermanfaat bagi siswa SDN 020, sehingga dapat diterapkan media berbantuan buku saku dengan metode permainan (monopoli) untuk  menanamkan minat belajar siswa dalam menghitung.  Kata Kunci : Buku saku, Permainan monopoli, minat belajar siswaAbstractThis community service aims to be a self development activity for student by providing meaningful and varied learning experience. Based on a field study survey with the community of  RW 02 Sei Langkai village that experienced difficulties when completing the assignment given in in school related to country problems. In addition, direct explanations by teacher dominated by giving lectures. This is because learning that has been carried out so far in SDN 20 very rarely uses innovative methods uses innovative method and the media used has not been maximized, resulting in a lack of interest in student learning in counting operations. One of the method used by educator to increase student learning interest is to provide media variations using monopoly games. Monopoly games can be done in groups hrough the implementation of game procedures, stimulation and monopoly play. The results show that : (1). Students were very enthuasiastic, when they were told to work on the questions given and responded well.(2). The implementation of this community service program is very beneficial for students SDN 20, so that it can be applied to pocket book assisted media using the game method(monopoly) to instill the concept of how to calculate easily.Keywords: Pocket book, Monopoly Game, Student Learning Interest.
PENGARUH BAHAN AJAR HANDOUT TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN PROSES PESERTA DIDIK KELAS VII PADA MATERI EKOSISTEM DI SMP NEGERI 3 BATAM TAHUN PELAJARAN 2012/2013
Authors: Kirana Hendra , Sari Nurhaty Purnama , Rahmi Rahmi
Published: January 2019

This research has been carried out in SMP Negeri 3 Batam is located on the street Kartini II Sekupang, Batam. While time research has been carried out in the second half Academic Year 2012/2013, from March to May of 2013. This study aims to prove the influence of handout materials to increase the skills of the students of class VII on ecosystem material in SMP Negeri 3 Batam Academic Year 2012/2013. Handout is a concise study materials are sourced from some of the literature relevant to the basic competencies and subject matter that is taught to students given by teachers to students to achieve learning goals. While the process skills of learners is the ability to collect information, manage information and communicate the results of using information to achieve learning objectives both on cognitive aspects or psychomotor aspects. Research using quasi-experimental methods. Affordable population is all students of class VII with the target population VII1 class as a class experiment with a treatment using learning materials and classroom handouts VII4 as classroom control by providing a treatment study using conventional materials. Cluster sampling using random sampling techniques. Research data is data science learning outcomes Biological processes in the form of skills, which is obtained using the test results to learn the instrument objective test (multiple choice). Data were analyzed with descriptive statistical analysis techniques and inferential statistical analysis using the t test of the parties at significant level (α.) = 0.05. Based on the analysis of the calculation results obtained descriptive study of students from the class experiment with a mean value of 83.6 and a mean value of 80 control classes. While the calculation of inferential analysis of testing hypotheses derived tcount 2,081 and the value ttable 2, 018. Thus the value of t greater than ttable which means a hypothetical zero (Ho) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted. Overall it can be concluded the research, analysis of the calculation of descriptive and inferential analysis proves that there are significant handout materials to increase the skills of the students of class VII on ecosystem material in SMP Negeri 3 Batam Academic Year 2012/2013.