bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cultural aspects of the EU-Whistleblowing Directive
Authors: Teichmann Fabian Maximilian Johannes , Wittmann Chiara
Published: June 2022

Purpose

The European Union’s Whistleblower Directive (WBD), or formally the “Directive (EU) 2019/1937 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2019 on the protection of persons reporting infringements of Union law” seeks to establish a uniform standard for whistleblowing protection across member state jurisdictions. Considering the international reach of the directive, it inevitably confronts divergent national attitudes towards whistleblowing. This paper aims to examine various cultural attitudes which have contributed to the common understanding of whistleblowing, under the directive.

Design/methodology/approach

The rhetoric on whistleblowing from a combination of business and national cultures is examined herein. A focus is cast on the information technology sector, which has traditionally protected trade secrecy over whistleblowing, under the guise of protecting of innovation. Moreover, the juxtaposition of American and German employment culture is testimony to the discrepancy in national narratives.

Findings

The WBD is both a symptom and a yardstick of modern employment culture in Europe. There are crucial clashes with trade secrecy which the directive has not resolved as well as an acknowledgement of the paradigm of legal thought which the directive pushes.

Originality/value

By reference to both business and national culture, this paper highlights the heterogenous conception of whistleblowing which the directive aims to reconcile. Whilst a vast amount of literature has covered isolated criticism of the WBD, a wider lens has not been cast to consider the pervasive influence of specific aspects on business culture.
“Through the looking glass: envisioning new library technologies” future of energy, transportation and place
Authors: Fernandez Peter
Published: June 2022

Purpose

Understanding the environmental motivations that shape these technological developments as well as how they interact with network effects will position libraries to create services and spaces that can thrive as transportation evolves.

 Design/methodology/approach

This column explores a series of interrelated emerging technologies that are poised to transform how libraries relate to the space around them.

Findings

As electronic vehicles and autonomous vehicles continue to transform the landscape, the decisions libraries make today will have reverberations in the coming decades.

Originality/value

Summarizes relevant existing literature and adds a framework (network effects, how climate change shapes the development) for libraries making relevant decisions.
Long‐term reproductive costs of snare injuries in a keystone terrestrial by‐catch species
Authors: Benhaiem S. , Kaidatzi S. , Hofer H. , East M. L.
Published: June 2022

Extensive bushmeat hunting is a major threat to wildlife conservation worldwide, particularly when unselective methods such as wire snares kill target and non‐target species (by‐catch). Animals that escape from snares have injuries of varying severity, with effects on performance that are largely unknown, as most studies typically focus on immediate mortality caused by snaring. Here, we assessed the life‐history costs of debilitating snare injuries in individually known female spotted hyenas Crocuta crocuta in three clans in the Serengeti National Park, Tanzania. This keystone predator is a regular by‐catch of illegal bushmeat hunting of herbivores in the Serengeti ecosystem. We monitored individuals which escaped from snares between May 1987 and March 2020 and survived long enough to return to their clan territories from commuting trips in the park and surrounding protected areas. Snares that inflicted debilitating injuries on females did not reduce longevity but did delay age at first reproduction and reduced both litter size and offspring survival to the age of 1 year. This long‐term decrease in reproductive performance likely resulted from increased inflammatory and immune responses to the snare injury and/or a decreased ability to travel the long distances necessary to feed on migratory herbivores. While our results are based on a relatively small sample of females with debilitating injuries, they suggest that the total population‐level costs of wire snares in terrestrial by‐catch species may be underestimated and that future studies may need to account for the potential reproductive costs of sublethal snare injuries.
Using biological invasions to improve plant defense theory
Authors: Endriss Stacy B. , Alba Christina , Hufbauer Ruth A.
Published: June 2022

Theory to explain how plants defend themselves against herbivorous insects is rich, but can be difficult to test. Biological invasions provide unique opportunities to test and improve upon plant defense theory, as plants experience predictable shifts in insect herbivory after introduction to a new range. Here, we use an invasion to evaluate the power of three cornerstone hypotheses to predict the evolution of defense against herbivorous insects. These three hypotheses represent increasing refinements of classic plant‐insect theory regarding optimal defense, and each rests on the same three assumptions: that introduced plant populations escape natural enemies, that insect herbivory reduces plant fitness, and that putative defenses decrease herbivory. These assumptions remain untested in most invasions, which likely contributes to conflicting support for many plant defense hypotheses. We provide evidence that these assumptions are met in common mullein, Verbascum thapsus L. (Scrophulariaceae), which we propose can thus be used as a model system to test plant defense theory. We find that the hypothesis that integrates predictions of within‐plant optimal defense theory and the evolutionary dilemma model (i.e., the ‘shifting defense allocation’ hypothesis) provides strong insights into both invasion and evolution of plant defense. Specifically, we show that introduced populations that escape important specialist herbivores increase the concentration of secondary compounds in high‐quality tissue in particular, in this case protecting valuable young leaves from generalist herbivores that dominate in the introduced range. We would not have detected this shift without exploring within‐plant defense allocation across native and introduced populations, a task rarely undertaken when assessing evolutionary change in plant defenses. This finding provides broad insight into how native and introduced plant populations alike may respond to shifts in herbivore pressure. We close by highlighting future directions of inquiry using introduced plant populations to develop and test plant defense theory more generally.
Plasma‐derived FVIII/VWF complex shows higher protection against inhibitors than isolated FVIII after infusion in haemophilic patients: A translational study
Authors: Bravo Maria Isabel , Pérez Alba , Raventós Aida , Grancha Salvador , Jorquera Juan Ignacio , Butta Nora Viviana , Álvarez‐Román Maria Teresa , Costa Montserrat , Willis Todd , Jiménez‐Yuste Victor
Published: June 2022

Introduction

Presence of von Willebrand factor (VWF) in FVIII concentrates offers protection against neutralizing inhibitors in haemophilia A (HA). Whether this protection is more evident in plasma‐derived (pd) FVIII/VWF or recombinant (r) FVIII concentrates remains controversial.

Aim

We investigated the protection exerted by VWF against FVIII inhibitors in an in vivo mouse model of HA exposed to pdFVIII/VWF or to various rFVIII concentrates.

Methods

Haemophilia A mice received the different FVIII concentrates after administration of vehicle or an inhibitory IgG purified from a commercial pool of HA plasma with inhibitors and FVIII:C recoveries were measured. Furthermore, using a novel clinically oriented ex vivo approach, Bethesda inhibitory activities (BU) of a commercial pool of HA plasma with inhibitors were assessed using normal plasma, or plasma from severe HA patients, without inhibitors, after treatment with the same concentrates.

Results

in vivo studies showed that pdFVIII/VWF offers markedly higher protection against inhibitors when compared with any of the FVIII products without VWF. More importantly, in the ex vivo studies, plasma from patients treated with pdFVIII/VWF showed higher protection against inhibitors (P values ranging .05‐.001) in comparison with that observed in plasma from patients who received FVIII products without VWF, regardless of the type of product evaluated.

Conclusion

Data indicate that FVIII+VWF complexes assembled in the circulation after rFVIII infusion are not equivalent to the naturally formed complex in pdFVIII/VWF. Therefore, rFVIII infused into HA patients with inhibitors would be less protected by VWF than the FVIII in pdFVIII/VWF concentrates.
Genome‐wide identification of the traf gene family in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) and analysis of their expression in response to bacterial challenge
Authors: Nie Zhiwei , Wang Bo , Zhang Zhixuan , Jia Zeming , Xu Runjie , Wang Heyu , Zhou Wei , Gong Yifu
Published: June 2022

Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor‐associated factor (TRAF) is a receptor protein that has important functions in the immune system. Nonetheless, there have been few reports of traf genes in teleost fishes. The present study aimed to identify the traf genes from the genomic information of yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco). Eight traf genes were identified and named, which are distributed on different chromosomes but have similar conserved protein domains. Phylogenetic and syntenic analyses demonstrated conservation of traf genes during evolution. In addition, yellow catfish has the relatively rare traf1 and traf5 genes. Gene structure and motif analysis revealed the homology and distribution diversity of the traf genes. Quantitative real‐time reverse transcription PCR was used to study the expression patterns of traf genes in healthy fish tissues and after infection by Aeromonas hydrophila. The results demonstrated significant changes in traf gene expression, indicating a potential role in innate immunity.
Impact of emotional intelligence on work performance: The mediating role of occupational stress among nurses
Authors: Alsufyani Abdulaziz Mohsen , Aboshaiqah Ahmad Eissa , Alshehri Fawzeih Ayed , Alsufyani Yasir Mohsen
Published: June 2022

Introduction

An occupational stress was reported as an inhibitor of optimal performance among nurses. Emotional intelligence (EI) has emerged as a successful behavioral buffer against occupational stress and as a facilitator for better performance. This study aimed to investigate the potential relationship between nurses' EI and their work performance; and to examine the mediating role of occupational stress.

Design

A predictive correlational design was adopted.

Method

Self‐reported questionnaires were administered to 391 full‐time bedside nurses recruited from one of the big hospitals in Saudi Arabia, between April and June 2021. Data were coded and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25.0. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were used to test the hypotheses. The significance level for all tests was set at p ≤ 0.05. Bonferroni correction method was used to control the family‐wise error rate.

Results

The findings revealed an affirmative association between nurses' EI and work performance (β = 0.69, p < 0.001; r2 = 0.483). Additionally, an inverse association was established between nurses' EI and their perception of occupational stress (β = −0.54, p < 0.001; r2 = 0.286), and between nurses' perception of occupational stress and work performance (β = −0.52; p < 0.001; r2 = 0.226). Additionally, our results showed that occupational stress played a mediating role in the relationship between nurses' EI and work performance.

Conclusion

This study presented a novel framework that includes two factors affecting work performance among nurses in Saudi Arabia. Our results suggest that EI is vital for effective work performance among nurses. Additionally, EI was found to be a useful coping strategy against occupational stress.

Clinical Relevance

EI has been described as a valuable asset for better performance and effective group cohesiveness among nurses. Optimal nurses᾽ performance leads to meeting patients᾽ needs and organizational goals.
When I say … microlearning
Authors: Thillainadesan Janani , Le Couteur David G. , Haq Inam , Wilkinson Tim J.
Published: June 2022

In the latest “When I Say…” instalment, microlearning is defined with illustrative examples as a valuable pedagogy characterised by short duration and focused content.
Maturation of the E. coli Glu2, Ile1, and Ala1B tRNAs utilizes a complex processing pathway
Authors: Mohanty Bijoy K. , Nichols Keri , Kushner Sidney R.
Published: June 2022

Despite significant progress in understanding the diversity of tRNA processing pathways in Escherichia coli, the mechanism for the maturation of tRNAs encoded within the rRNA operons has not received much attention. Here, we show that the Glu2, Ile1, and Ala1B tRNAs, encoded by 10 genes located between the 16S and 23S rRNAs in the seven rRNA operons, are matured via a RNase E‐independent processing pathway that utilizes at least six different enzymes. It has been shown that the Glu2 and Ile1‐Ala1B pre‐tRNAs released by initial RNase III cleavages of the 30S primary rRNA transcripts retain extended 5′‐leader (35–139 nt) and 3′‐trailer (166–185 nt) sequences. However, the 5′ maturation of the tRNAs by RNase P is inhibited until the trailer sequences are shortened to 1–4 nucleotides, initially by a second RNase III cleavage at 31–42 nucleotides downstream of the CCA determinant followed by exonucleolytic trimming. The RNase III cleaved Glu2 and Ile1‐Ala1B trailer fragments are degraded via PAP I‐ dependent exonucleolytic decay. Compared to the six previously characterized tRNA processing pathways, maturation of the Glu2, Ile1, and Ala1B tRNAs is considerably more complex and appears to be distinct from what occurs in Gram‐positive bacteria.
Political Context, White House Centralization, and the Timing of Presidential Nominations to the Federal Courts
Authors: Pottle Justin , Rogowski Jon
Published: June 2022

Judicial nominations offer presidents one of their most important and enduring sources of influence. Studying all vacancies in federal district courts from 1961 to 2018, we show that presidents announce nominations to vacant judgeships at systematically faster rates in districts that provided greater electoral support. This pattern emerged most clearly in the last four decades and has strengthened over time. Additional evidence illustrates how presidential nomination strategies have distributional consequences for the courts' institutional capacity. Our results provide suggestive evidence about how the centralization of presidential decision making affects nominations to the federal courts and highlight a mechanism through which the president can influence the institutional capacity of adjoining branches of government.
Farm‐scale models in fish aquaculture – An overview of methods and applications
Authors: Chary Killian , Brigolin Daniele , Callier Myriam D.
Published: June 2022

Models are important tools to address sustainability challenges associated with developing aquaculture at farm, regional and global scales. Farm‐scale models (FSMs), which are integrated mathematical models developed to simulate farm operations, can quantify energy, mass or economic input flows and predict a variety of outputs such as fish biomass, waste and by‐products. The variety of farming systems, equations available to build the models, and objectives of applications and intended users has resulted in the publication of wide range of FSMs. We performed a narrative review of 36 fish FSMs published from 1985–2021 to address several questions: Can the main characteristics of these models be defined? How do the farming system studied and the objectives of the study influence model development? What are the main modelling techniques available to simulate the main processes of a fish farm, and what are their advantages and disadvantages? How can FSMs help address sustainability challenges of aquaculture? This review discusses advances, limitations and future lines of research related to FSMs to help select existing models, or develop new ones, that are suitable for their intended use and users. The article is structured according to the main steps of the modelling process: (i) definition of scope and objectives; (ii) process formulation and model selection at individual, cohort and farm levels; (iii) implementation and evaluation; and (iv) applications (e.g. precision fish farming, IMTA modelling, supporting spatial management, life cycle assessment). At each step, recommendations are provided and research needs are stated.
Investigation of Rb+ milling rates using an ultracold focused ion beam
Authors: Xu S. , Li Y. , Vredenbregt E. J. D.
Published: June 2022

Several ion source alternatives for current focused ion beam (FIB) systems have been studied to achieve higher brightness, including cold atom ion sources. However, a study of ultracold ions interacting with often used materials is seldom reported. Here, we investigate milling on several typical samples in a prototype ultracold Rb FIB system at 8.5 keV beam energy. For polycrystalline metallic substrates, such as Cu and Au, patterns milled by Rb+ ions are observed to have reduced surface roughness but still high milling rates compared with those milled by Ga+ ions. Rb+ also shows similar sputter rates as 30 keV Ga+ on semiconductor substrates GaAs and InP. Special cases for Rb+ milling show that the Rb+ ion beam has a 2.6× faster sputter rate on diamond but a 3× slower sputter rate on Al compared with a normal 30 keV Ga+ ion beam. In general, an Rb+ ion beam is shown to be suitable for nanostructuring of several basic materials.
Identification of Copper Transporter 1 as a Receptor for Feline Endogenous Retrovirus ERV-DC14
Authors: Tury Sandrine , Giovannini Donatella , Ivanova Svilena , Touhami Jawida , Courgnaud Valérie , Battini Jean-Luc
Published: June 2022

Receptor usage is an important determinant of diseases induced by pathogenic retroviruses. In the case of feline leukemia viruses, three subgroups (A, B, and C) based on their ability to recognize different cell host receptors, respectively, the thiamine transporter THTR1, the phosphate transporter PiT1, and the heme exporter FLVCR1, are associated with distinct feline diseases.
Spatial variability of one-parameter model of soil water characteristic curve at field scale in black soil region of northeast China
Authors: Li Jizhen , Liu Jilong , Zhang Lingling , Xu Qing , Fu Qiang , Wu Yaoyu , Chen Junfeng , Lv Hang , Idimesheva Olga
Published: June 2022

The soil water characteristic curve (SWCC) is an important parameter for simulating soil water movement and solute transport, and has obvious spatial variability. The models fitting the SWCC generally contain two or more parameters, which makes the spatial variability of the soil water characteristic curve difficult to express. This paper established a one-parameter model of the soil water characteristic curve based on the Gardner model and analyzed its spatial variability with multifractal and joint multifractal methods. Parameter B in the one-parameter model had moderate variation. The local information leading to spatial variability of parameter B in the top soil layer (0–15 cm) and deep soil layer (15–20 cm) was its low values and high values, respectively. At the single scale, spatial variability of parameter B was mainly caused by the bulk density and clay content in the 0–5 cm soil layer, and by the bulk density and sand content in the 5–10, 10–15, and 15–20 cm soil layers. At the multiscale, the most obvious two factors that led to spatial variability of parameter B were the bulk density and silt content in the 0–5 cm soil layer, bulk density and sand content in the 5–10 cm soil layer, and bulk density and clay content in the 10–15 and 15–20 cm soil layers, respectively. The relationships between parameter B and soil properties had scale dependence.
Temperature effect of strong-coupling polaron in RbCl quantum wells with double asymmetric confined potentials
Authors: Xiao Wei , Miao Xiu-Juan , Ma Xin-Jun , Xiao Jing-Lin
Published: June 2022

In this study, the ground state properties of strong-coupling polaron in RbCl quantum wells (QWs) by using double asymmetric confined potential were theoretically investigated based on effective mass approximation. Ground state binding energy (GSBE), ground state energy (GSE), vibrational frequency (VF), and mean LO phonon number (MLOPN) were obtained as functions of asymmetric confinement potential parameters in QWs by using the unitary transformation method and linear combination operator. GSBE, GSE, VF and MLOPN were found to be increasing functions of asymmetric semi-exponential confinement potential (ASECP) parameter [Formula: see text] and decreasing functions of parameter [Formula: see text]. GSE was rapidly increased with the increase of confinement strength. GSBE, GSE, VF and MLOPN increase as the increasing (decreasing) of anisotropic parabolic confinement potential strength (confinement length). In addition, the temperature effect was evaluated by using quantum statistical theory. With the increase of temperature, GSE and GSBE decreased while VF and MNLOP increased.
1D and 2D Flow Routing on a Terrain
Authors: Arge Lars , Lowe Aaron , Svendsen Svend C. , Agarwal Pankaj K.
Published: June 2022

An important problem in terrain analysis is modeling how water flows across a terrain creating floods by forming channels and filling depressions. In this article, we study a number of
flow-query
-related problems: Given a terrain Σ, represented as a triangulated
xy
-monotone surface with
n
vertices, and a rain distribution
R
that may vary over time, determine how much water is flowing over a given vertex or edge as a function of time. We develop internal-memory as well as I/O-efficient algorithms for flow queries. This article contains four main algorithmic results:

(i) An internal-memory algorithm for answering
terrain-flow
queries: Preprocess Σ into a linear-size data structure so given a rain distribution
R
, the flow-rate functions of all vertices and edges of Σ can be reported quickly.

(ii) I/O-efficient algorithms for answering terrain-flow queries.

(iii) An internal-memory algorithm for answering
vertex-flow
queries: Preprocess Σ into a linear-size data structure so given a rain distribution
R
, the flow-rate function of a vertex under the single-flow direction (SFD) model can be computed quickly.

(iv) An efficient algorithm that, given a path
𝖯
in Σ and flow rate along
𝖯
, computes the two-dimensional channel along which water flows.

Additionally, we implement a version of the terrain-flow query and 2D channel algorithms and examine a number of queries on real terrains.
Compressed-DMD for Electromechanical Mode Estimation from High-Dimensional Ambient Data
Authors: Guo Shujia , Cai Guowei , Yang Deyou , Jiang Chao , Zhou Shuyu
Published: June 2022

Accurate and rapid estimation of electromechanical mode plays an important role in sensing the security situation of power systems. In this paper, the Compressed Dynamic Mode Decompensation (Compressed-DMD) based estimation approach was proposed to extract the electromechanical mode from high-dimensional ambient data measured by the synchrophasor measurement unit. To improve the efficiency of DMD in processing high-dimensional ambient data under the premise of ensuring calculation accuracy, the Compressed-DMD was introduced to generate the approximation of the high-dimensional left and right singular vectors by employing the aggressive random test matrices and truncated eigendecomposition. Simulation examples of IEEE 16-generator 5-area system and real measurements verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
Virtual versus Face-to-Face Cognitive Behavioral Treatment of Depression: Meta-Analytic Test of a Noninferiority Hypothesis and Men’s Mental Health Inequities
Authors: Charron Carly M. , Gorey Kevin M.
Published: June 2022

Global rates of depression have increased significantly since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is unclear how the recent shift of many mental health services to virtual platforms has impacted service users, especially for the male population which are significantly more likely to complete suicide than women. This paper presents the findings of a rapid meta-analytic research synthesis of 17 randomized controlled trials on the relative efficacy of virtual versus traditional face-to-face cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in mitigating symptoms of depression. Participants’ aggregated depression scores were compared upon completion of the therapy (posttest) and longest follow-up measurement. The results supported the noninferiority hypothesis indicating that the two modes of CBT delivery are equally efficacious, but the results proved to be significantly heterogeneous indicating the presence of moderating effects. Indirect suggestive evidence was found to support moderation by gender; that is, depressed males may benefit more from virtual CBT. Perhaps, this field’s most telling descriptive finding was that boys/men have been grossly underrepresented in its trials. Future trials ought to oversample those who have been at this field’s margins to advance the next generation of knowledge, allowing us to best serve people of all genders, those who live in poverty, Indigenous, Black, and other Peoples of Colour, as well as any others at risk of being marginalized or oppressed in contemporary mental health care systems.
Ultrasound Images under an Optimized Image Processing Algorithm in Guiding the Neurological Safety of Resection of Lumbar Disc Nucleus Pulposus in Spinal Surgery
Authors: Yin Kaiwei , Chen Yehai , Gao Shuying
Published: June 2022

This study was aimed at investigating the effect of an optimized image processing algorithm in ultrasound images and the influence of resection of lumbar disc nucleus pulposus in spinal surgery under the guidance of ultrasound images on the neurological safety of patients. A total of 60 patients with lumbar disc herniation were selected and divided randomly into the control group and observation group. Patients from the control group were treated with resection of lumbar disc nucleus pulposus by an X-ray-guided foraminal microscope, and patients from the observation group underwent the ultrasound image-guided surgeries with an optimized image processing algorithm. Then, the treatment of patients from the two groups was compared. The results showed that the radiotherapy time in the control group was

120
±
6.3
 
min

and the radiotherapy dose was

129
±
10.3
 
min
/
sec

, while the radiotherapy time in the observation group was

4.5
±
1.2
 
min

and the radiotherapy dose was

22
±
7.7
 
min
/
sec

. The time and dose of radiotherapy in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). In the control group, the numbers of significant effective cases, effective cases, and ineffective cases were 8, 16, and 6, respectively, while those in the observation group were 12, 18, and 0, respectively. The comparison between the groups showed that the number of effective cases and the number of effective cases in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the number of ineffective cases was significantly lower than that in the control group (

P
<
0.05

). In conclusion, ultrasound-guided percutaneous foraminal lumbar discectomy could improve patients’ clinical symptoms, promote clinical efficacy, and reduce postoperative pain symptoms, thereby accelerating the postoperative rehabilitation of patients. Moreover, it was extremely safe for the nerves.
Improvement of Biosynthetic Ansamitocin P-3 Production Based on Oxygen-Vector Screening and Metabonomics Analysis
Authors: Zhu Xiaolin , Hou Kaiyao , Zheng Peiyang , Zhong Wenya , Guo Jing , Zhao Xiyue , Hong Tingting , Cai Zhiqiang
Published: June 2022

A novel approach involving exogenous oxygen vectors was developed for improving the production of biosynthetic Ansamitocin P-3 (AP-3). Four types of oxygen vectors including soybean oil, n-dodecane, n-hexadecane, and Tween-80 were applied to explore the effect of exogenous oxygen vectors on AP-3 yield. It was observed that soybean oil exhibited a better ability for promoting AP-3 generation than the other three oxygen vectors. Based on the results of the single-factor experiment, response surface methodology was employed to obtain the optimal soybean oil addition method. The optimum soybean oil concentration was 0.52%, and the addition time was 50 h. Under this condition, the yield of AP-3 reached 106.04 mg/L, which was 49.48% higher than that of the control group without adding oxygen vectors. To further investigate the influence of dissolved oxygen on precious orange tufts actinomycetes variety A. pretiosum strain metabolism and AP-3 yield, metabolomics analysis was carried out by detecting strain intermediate metabolites at various stages under different dissolved oxygen levels. Moreover, differential metabolite screening and metabolic pathway enrichment analysis were combined to exploit the effect mechanism of soybean oil on AP-3 production. Results suggested that primary metabolic levels of the TCA cycle and amino acid metabolism increased with the increase in dissolved oxygen level, which was beneficial to the life activities of bacteria and the synthesis of secondary metabolic precursors, thus increasing the production of AP-3.
Developing a Marine Predator Algorithm for Optimal Power Flow Analysis considering Uncertainty of Renewable Energy Sources
Authors: Farhat Mohamed , Kamel Salah , Atallah Ahmed M. , Khan Baseem
Published: June 2022

Optimal power flow (OPF) is a crucial issue to maintain the reliable operation of power systems. However, achieving this objective is not easy, especially when renewable energy sources (RESs) are penetrated into the power system due to their uncertainty nature. This paper provides an optimal solution for the power flow problem including two different types of RESs based on a marine predator algorithm (MPA). The OPF model used in this paper has three different types of energy resources (thermal, wind, and solar). The output power from wind or solar generator has two probabilities either underestimation or overestimation consequently. These two probabilities have been translated into the objective function by two extra costs, penalty cost, and reserve cost, respectively. To check the validity of the proposed algorithm, it is applied to a modified IEEE-30 and IEEE-57 bus systems. The obtained results are compared with some recent optimization methods. The results show the effectiveness of marine predator algorithm in providing the optimal solution for the power flow problem with maintaining the power system constraints inviolate.
Design and Implementation of a Multidimensional Visualization Reconstruction System for Old Urban Spaces Based on Neural Networks
Authors: Wang Shuhua , Qin Anhua
Published: June 2022

This article presents an in-depth study and analysis of the construction of a convolutional neural network model and multidimensional visualization system of old urban space and proposes the design of a multifaceted visualization reconstruction system of old urban space based on a neural network. It also quantitatively analyzes the essential spatial attribute characteristics of urban shadow areas as nodes of the overall urban dynamic network in three dimensions—spatial connection strength, spatial connection distance, and spatial connection direction—summarizes the characteristics of urban old spatial structure from the perspective of a dynamic network, and then proposes the model of urban old spatial design from the perspective of an active network. The shallow depth of the network structure is used to reduce the parameters in the learning process of reconfigurable convolutional neural networks using data sets so that the model learns more general features. For the situation where the number of data sets is small, data augmentation is used to expand the size of the data sets and improve the recognition accuracy of the reconfigurable convolutional neural network. A real-time update method of multifaceted data visualization for big data scenarios is proposed and implemented to reduce the network load and network latency caused by charts of multidimensional data changes, reduce the data error rate, and maintain the system stability in the old urban space concurrency scenario.
Exploration on the Improvement of Cognitive Function and Inflammatory Response in Perimenopausal Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment by Self-Prepared Ningshen Prescription
Authors: Yang Wei , Ye Yumei , Cai Yan , Wang Guiyan , Wang Menghao , Zhang Xiaodan
Published: June 2022

Objective. To investigate the improvement of cognitive function and inflammatory response in perimenopausal patients with MCI by kidney-tonifying, blood-activating, and mind-nourishing. Methods. 80 perimenopausal patients with MCI who met the diagnostic criteria were divided into a therapy group (n = 40) and a control group (n = 40) according to the treatment method. The control group was given nimodipine (Bayer Pharmaceuticals) 30 mg, 3 times/day orally, while the therapy group was given a decoction of self-prepared Ningshen prescription on the top of the control group (glossy privet fruit, mulberry, aizoon stonecrop, dan-shen root, tuber fleeceflower stem, cyperus rotundus, citron). Patients in the 2 groups were assessed on the MocA scale, ADL scale, and TCM symptom score before and after 2 months of treatment, respectively, to observe whether there was any change in the scale scores and in the levels of inflammatory factors (hs-CRP, Hcy, and IL-1β) Pre- and posttherapy in the 2 groups. Observe the improvement of clinical symptoms and their safety in both groups (liver and kidney function indicators such as ALT, AST and Cr, dizziness, headache, decrease in blood pressure, flushing, and gastrointestinal reactions). Results. The efficacy of the therapy group was better than that of the control group; the MocA scale and ADL scale scores improved and the TCM symptom score decreased in both groups posttherapy, with the MocA scale and ADL scale scores improving more and the TCM symptom score decreasing more in the therapy group compared with the control group during the same period (

p
<
0.05

). The serum levels of hs-CRP, Hcy, and IL-1β decreased in both groups posttherapy, with the serum levels of hs-CRP, Hcy, and IL-1β decreasing more in the therapy group compared to the control group during the same period (

p
<
0.05

). The difference in adverse events between the two groups was not statistically significant when compared by a chi-square test (

p
>
0.05

). The differences in ALT, AST, and Cr levels between the control group and the treatment group before and after treatment were not significant (

p
>
0.05

). Conclusion. Ning Shen prescription can effectively prevent the continued development of cognitive dysfunction in perimenopausal patients with MCI, delay its natural course, and can improve the patients’ ability to perform daily activities and improve their TCM symptoms.
18F‐FDG MicroPET and MRI Targeting Breast Cancer Mouse Model with Designed Synthesis Nanoparticles
Authors: Rezaei Aghdam Hakimeh , Bitarafan Rajabi Ahmad , Sadat Ebrahimi Seyed Esmaeil , Beiki Davood , Abdi Khosrou , Mousavi Motlagh Seyed Shahaboddin , Kiani Dehkordi Banafsheh , Darbandi Azar Amir , Shafiee Ardestani Mehdi
Published: June 2022

The first aim of this study was the development of real‐time, quantitative, and noninvasive visual observation that necessitates different noninvasive multimodal imaging methods. Second, the design of a high‐sensitivity imaging free‐ligand green chemistry nanoprobe is a critical diagnosis of breast cancer mouse models. The gadolinium‐based nanoparticles as box‐Behnken design (BBD) experiment are synthesized. A small biomolecule L‐glutamine is attached to its surface nanoparticles as a template. Large surface‐area‐to‐volume ratios of nanoparticles enhance the capacity for interactions with biomolecules and present more sites for conjugation. G. 2‐Deoxy‐2[18F]fluoro‐D‐glucose ([18F]F‐FDG) is a quantitative and sensitive tracking instrument in Positron Emission Tomography (PET), also applicable for the in vivo and in vitro characterization of L‐glutamine SiGdNPs. Optical imaging was done for 4T1 breast cancer tumor‐induced mice. 18F‐NP uptake values were significantly higher in primary breast cancer and brain tumors than [18F]F‐FDG in PET at 30 min, injected (20 μl/g) via the tail vein with about 300 μCi of 18F‐FDG loading. After 15 min of the administration of injection (26 μl/g), the first passed the lung intravenously without any injury to the lung showing promising T1‐T2 MRI contrast properties. We receive these by application of a variety of imaging modalities, especially microPET and MRI.
Day-Ahead Economic Dispatch of Renewable Energy System considering Wind and Photovoltaic Predicted Output
Authors: Liu Xinghua , Li Xiang , Tian Jiaqiang , Wang Yubo , Xiao Gaoxi , Wang Peng
Published: June 2022

To alleviate the issues of global warming and energy crisis, countries are vigorously developing renewable energy technology. The integration of large-scale renewable energy, including wind energy, hydropower, and photovoltaic (PV), has a great impact on system operation scheduling and economic dispatch. This paper presents an economic dispatching method of wind-PV-CSP-hydro-battery system with wind and photovoltaic power generation as the main energy sources. The long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network is applied to predict wind and PV power, besides, the Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) method and the synchronous reduction algorithm are used to obtain 10 typical wind and PV power scenarios. A day-ahead economic dispatch model of wind-PV-CSP-hydro-battery mathematical model is established, and relevant constraints are considered. Concentrated solar power (CSP), hydropower stations, batteries, and transferable loads are used as flexible resources to increase the penetration rate of wind and photovoltaic power generation. Finally, three cases are tested to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed model. The results show that: (1) LSTM neural network can well predict the output power of wind and photovoltaic power generation with a small root mean square error (RMSE). (2) The introduction of transferable loads and CSP power station into the renewable energy power system can effectively reduce the fluctuation and curtailment rates of wind power and PV power generation.
Risk Prediction of E-Payment by Big Data Management Technology
Authors: Liu Fei
Published: June 2022

E-payment has penetrated every aspect of people’s daily life, and the development and application of E-payment technology have made life more convenient. Besides, the process of E-payment has endless hidden dangers, posing a great threat to payment security. In this context, risk assessment and prediction of E-payment are particularly important. Therefore, this paper mainly studies the E-payment analysis and prediction method based on big data technology. Specifically, this paper uses the BP neural network to extract E-payment data feature and compare and analyze the characteristic of different methods; finally, the payment risks are predicted based on the features, the simulation experiments show that the best result is obtained by the method proposed in this paper, and thus the effectiveness of the new method is verified.
Efficacy of Acupuncture Treatment for Postprandial Distress Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Du Jihang , Feng Yinhao , Yuan Qiang , Gong Haiping , An Jie , Wu Liu , Dai Qian , Xu Bojun , Wang Haozhong , Luo Jian
Published: June 2022

Objective. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to assess the efficacy of acupuncture treatment for postprandial distress syndrome (PDS). Methods. Search the Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase databases with acupuncture randomized controlled trials for the treatment of patients with PDS. Strictly according to inclusion and exclusion quality assessment standards, the qualified ones are used to study the optimum extraction and data by two independent reviewers. Stata 15.0 software was used for meta-analysis. Result. We initially identified 63 studies, of which five (1253 participants) were eventually included in our analysis. There were 643 cases in the experimental group and 610 cases in the control group. Acupuncture had a significant effect on the total therapeutic effect (OTE) at week 4 (OR 4.74, 95% CI 02.88-7.83,

Z
=
6.10

,

P
=
0
<
0.05

). Significantly improved NDI (Nepean dyspepsia index) scores of PDS patients at week 4 (SMD 0.61, 95% CI 0.48 to 0.74). Significantly improved NDI scores in PDS patients at week 16 (SMD 0.49, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.71). After acupuncture treatment, the SID (dyspepsia symptom index) score of PDS patients decreased significantly at week 4 (SMD-0.52, 95% CI -0.73 to -0.32) and week 16 (SMD-0.59, 95% CI -0.81 to -0.36). Postprandial satiety scores (SMD-0.63, 95% CI -0.76 to -0.50) and early satiety scores (SMD-0.51, 95% CI -0.64 to -0.37) were also significantly lower at week 4 after acupuncture. Conclusion. This study highlighted that the acupuncture could significantly improve the overall therapeutic effect of PDS patients, alleviate the symptoms of postprandial fullness and early satiety, and improve the quality of life of patients. Our results supported that acupuncture was an effective therapeutic strategy for postprandial distress syndrome.
Assessment of Ship-Overtaking Situation Based on Swarm Intelligence Improved KDE
Authors: Xue Han
Published: June 2022

This paper proposes a data-driven risk assessment model for ship overtaking based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO) improved kernel density estimation (KDE). By minimizing the mean square error between the real probability distribution of the ship overtaking point and the kernel density estimation probability distribution calculated by the current kernel density bandwidth, the longitude and latitude of the ship overtaking point are displayed by the color corresponding to the probability as the cost objective function of the search bandwidth of the algorithm. This can better show the distribution of the overtaking points of channel propagation traffic flow. A probability-based ship-overtaking risk evaluation model is developed through the bandwidth and density analysis optimized by an intelligent algorithm. In order to speed up searching the optimal variable width of the kernel density estimator for ship encountering positions, an improved adaptive variable-width kernel density estimator is proposed. The latter reduces the risk of too smooth probability density estimation phenomenon. Its convergence is proved. Finally, the model can efficiently evaluate the risk status of ship overtaking and provide navigational auxiliary decision support for pilots.
Calculation of Subsidence due to Longwall Mining with Overburden Grouting and Its Application
Authors: Ma Hewen , Ji Yadong , Wang Shidong
Published: June 2022

This paper presents a prediction method of mining-induced surface subsidence due to longwall mining with overburden grouting, which has been proven an effective method to mitigate the overburden failure. This paper proposes a partial overburden grouting (POG) mining method based on surface subsidence basin inversion and innovative longwall panel layout to mitigate overburden failure and subsidence. A prediction model of surface subsidence with overburden grouting, namely, overburden grouting equivalent calculation model (OGECM), is proposed. In this study, an engineering design process and method of POG was established, the strike and dip excavation length and grouting quantity combined as critical indicators for determining the key parameter in surface basin control. In applications at the field grouting test, the surface subsidence characteristics of POG on the side of the opening line of longwall panel were investigated through surface observation station and estimated surface subsidence reduction ratio based on OGECM with grouting compared with those without. The field measurement validated the new subsidence calculation method. POG technology applied to subsidence control has effectiveness in controlling the surface subsidence to less engineering cost but expanding the applications.
Big Data Perspective on Financial Operations Revenue Management Approach
Authors: Yang Jing
Published: June 2022

For the innovation of financial operation and revenue management work, in the background of the big data era, it should be necessary to establish an information-based financial management system. First, the problems that exist in the construction of information technology are unearthed, and then the information-based financial management system is established according to the requirements and future development plans in the context of big data. This study gives the basic concept of revenue management, takes the revenue management of road shuttle passenger transport as the object of research, establishes the road shuttle passenger transport multizone seat stock control model on the basis of the stock control method based on price, and gives the algorithm of multizone seat stock control. By specifically analyzing the characteristics of applicable revenue management, and then comparing the characteristics of the passenger transport industry, recommendations are made for revenue management methods to improve financial operating performance.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Trauma CT Imaging
Authors: Yan Yi , Hu Kai , Shek Kevin , Li Jun , Attalla Shady , Bonanni John Ross , Shankar Jai Jai , McPhee Lisa
Published: June 2022

Purpose. The goal of this study was to understand the impact of COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdown measures on the volume, rate, and type of trauma presenting to the emergency department (ED) by using trauma-initiated CT studies to capture patient data. Materials and Methods. We performed a retrospective observational study comparing patients undergoing CT scans for trauma during the 1st and 2nd lockdown periods compared to corresponding prepandemic months. During two lockdown periods, public places such as restaurants, libraries, parks, and shops across the province were shut down. Government-led messaging advised that people should stay at home and practice social distancing. The rate of trauma-initiated CT scans and the proportion of different types of traumas were compared between time periods. Results. There was no significant difference in overall trauma-initiated CT scans between the prepandemic and pandemic levels. Motor vehicle collision (MVC) cases decreased from 18.2% to 15.6% during the first lockdown period (

p

 = 0.049) and also reduced from 29.1% to 25.2% during the second lockdown period (

p

 = 0.013). Trauma from falls increased from 19.1% to 27.5% (

p

 = 0.036) during the first lockdown, despite no significant change during the 2nd lockdown. Furthermore, the percentage of stab injuries increased from 25.0% to 38.9% while blunt trauma decreased from 68.5% to 54.3% during two lockdowns (

p

 = 0.015). Conclusion. The total number of trauma-initiated CT scans did not significantly decrease during the lockdown periods. Stabbings and falls increased during lockdown periods while MVCs and blunt trauma decreased.