bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reviewing the impact of AI on renewable energy efficiency and management
Authors: Adetomi Adewumi  , Chinelo Emilia Okoli  , Favour Oluwadamilare Usman  , Kehinde Andrew Olu-lawal  , Oluwatobi Timothy Soyombo
Published: February 2024

In recent years, the intersection of artificial intelligence (AI) and renewable energy has emerged as a pivotal domain with transformative potential. This review delves into a comprehensive review of the impact that AI technologies have had on enhancing efficiency and management in the renewable energy sector. The integration of AI into renewable energy systems has ushered in a new era of optimization, addressing challenges and unlocking opportunities for sustainable energy production. AI's role in renewable energy begins with its ability to analyze vast datasets generated by energy systems, weather patterns, and consumption trends. Machine learning algorithms have been employed to predict energy demand, optimize grid operations, and enhance forecasting accuracy, thereby contributing to the increased efficiency of renewable energy sources. This application is crucial for overcoming the intermittent nature of renewable sources such as solar and wind power. Moreover, AI-driven technologies facilitate the intelligent management of energy storage systems, enabling better utilization of excess energy during peak production periods. Advanced control mechanisms, empowered by AI, have significantly improved the coordination of diverse energy sources, ensuring a seamless integration of renewable energy into existing power grids. Additionally, AI-driven predictive maintenance has proven instrumental in reducing downtime and optimizing the performance of renewable energy infrastructure. The review also explores the potential environmental and economic benefits of AI in renewable energy, emphasizing the role of smart grids, demand response systems, and decentralized energy production. As the world strives towards a sustainable energy future, this review offers valuable insights into the ongoing evolution of AI technologies and their impact on revolutionizing the efficiency and management of renewable energy systems. The findings presented here contribute to the growing body of knowledge aimed at accelerating the global transition to cleaner and more sustainable energy solutions.
Prevalence of bleeding on probing among patients at the periodontology clinic of Universitas Airlangga Dental Hospital
Authors: Eka Fitria  , Muhammad Iqbal Jalaluddin  , Adilia Suci Maulidia
Published: February 2024

Background: Periodontal disease is a prevalent global oral health concern, impacting tooth loss in adults. This study investigates the prevalence of bleeding on probing (BOP) and its correlation with various factors. Objectives: To determine prevalence of bleeding on probing among patients at the periodontology clinic of Universitas Airlangga dental hospital. Material and Methods: Utilizing a cross-sectional observational design, the research analyzes data from the Periodontology Clinic of RSGM Universitas Airlangga. Sample size calculation involves total sampling from 2022 patient records meeting specific criteria. The study explores BOP, gender, age, and tooth region variables, with data processed in Microsoft Excel and analyzed descriptively. Conclusion: The majority of patients at Airlangga University's Dental Hospital experience BOP >10%. The highest percentage of BOP >10% is found in males, and the most prevalent age group is 35 to ≥65 years. Sextants 1 and 6 (posterior) show the highest incidence of BOP, with 81 occurrences.
Giant Baker’s Cyst open surgery excision: A case report
Authors: Abdelhamid BOUHOU  , Khalil Sahbani  , Kamal Lahrach  , Amine Marzouki  , Fawzi Boutayeb
Published: February 2024

We report the case of a 55-year-old patient with a giant popliteal cyst associated with grade 2 gonarthrosis, causing pain and discomfort on knee flexion. MRI revealed a voluminous cloistered cystic mass communicating with the joint cavity, unmodified after contrast, measuring 200×80mm, associated with femorotibial and femoropatellar chondropathy. the patient underwent complete open surgical excision of the cyst with repair of the capsule. After 06 months of follow-up no recurrence of the cyst was observed. The aim of this article is to present a successful surgical management of a symptomatic giant popliteal cyst.
Smart coffee aromas: A literature review on electronic nose technologies for quality assessment
Authors: Ira Mae Gallo Caray  , King Paulo Ramos Ditchon  , Edwin Remeroso Arboleda
Published: February 2024

One of the most important aspects of coffee's sensory experience is its scent, which is affected by roasting, microbial contamination, and place of origin. Electronic noses (ENs), which provide quick and precise identification of intricate odor patterns linked to microbial activity, have become highly effective instruments for evaluating coffee odors. This study examines the most recent uses of EN technology for evaluating coffee scent and emphasizes how important it is for assuring the safety and quality of the final product. The integration of ENs with artificial neural networks (ANNs) improves their precision in fragrance profile prediction and classification. Moreover, real-time smell profile monitoring is made possible by automated systems that use ENs, which helps with quality control in the coffee manufacturing process. Beyond the coffee business, EN technology is used in many other areas, including food safety, medical diagnostics, and environmental monitoring. Through innovation in fragrance analysis and quality control, this multidisciplinary approach promotes customer confidence and product integrity across industries.
Husband's support on the incidence of baby blues in mothers: A literature review study
Authors: Sri Dewi Tiara Rahmi  , Diah Indriani
Published: February 2024

The puerperium is a period of recovery starting from the completion of labor until the gynecological apparatus returns to its pre-pregnancy state. The duration of the postpartum period lasts for 6-8 weeks. The incidence of postpartum blues in Indonesia (2016) according to USAID (United States Agency for International) is 31 births per 1000 Indonesian population. The aim is to determine the husband's support for the incidence of baby blues in mothers. The method in this study uses a literature review, with the number of articles being 5 articles using the same keywords. The results of the literature review of the five journals found that husband support affects the incidence of baby blues in mothers. In conclusion, based on the analysis that has been done, it is concluded that mothers who are in the postpartum period and lack good support from their husbands will experience baby blues on average. One of the risk factors that can influence the incidence of baby blues is husband support. Husband's support has a big or significant influence on the incidence of baby blues experienced by postpartum mothers.
Thermodynamics of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose
Authors: Michael Ioelovich
Published: February 2024

In this research, the thermodynamical analysis of the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose samples with different crystallinity has been performed. Calorimetric methods were used to determine the combustion enthalpies of cellulose samples and enthalpies their interaction with water. As a result, the standard formation enthalpies of dry and wet cellulose samples as well as of glucose solutions were calculated. In addition, also the standard entropies were found. Based on the obtained parameters, the thermodynamic functions of the hydrolysis reaction at the standard temperature (298 K) were calculated. It was established that the hydrolysis process of semi-crystalline cellulose samples is exothermic. Since reaction enthalpy is negative and the temperature-entropy factor is positive, the Gibbs potential of this process becomes negative, which contributes to the implementation of enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose at standard temperature. Moderate enhancement in temperature to optimal value (323 K) increases the negative Gibbs potential and thereby promotes the hydrolysis of cellulose substrates. A correlation was found between the negative value of the Gibbs potential and the concentration of the resulting glucose solutions. It was also shown that the enzymatic hydrolysis of completely crystalline cellulose cannot be performed even at optimal temperature due to the zero value of the Gibbs potential.
Thinking Across Capability Model for Accessibility of People's Business Credit (KUR) Capital for Micro Business Actors
Authors: Suryawati Dina , Hidayah Nurussyamsil , Rohman Hermanto
Published: February 2024

This research examines the central government's facilitation to foster the resilience of MSME actors through capital financing, namely the People's Business Credit (KUR) program. The implementation of capital assistance through KUR remains problematic, especially the accessibility. The main objective is to analyse the problem situations and dynamics of micro-business capital and provide recommendations in the form of an adaptive and innovative policy construction model to the government. This research utilises the Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) perspective, which can transform a complex, unstructured problem into a more structured problem situation and build a conceptual model that fits the context of the existing problem. The results indicate that the primary problem is the dominance of the KUR program’s policy control by the central government, which complicates capital accessibility, especially for micro businesses, and limits the authority of local governments. The proposed conceptual model focuses on thinking across capabilities, which allows the adoption of thoughts, opinions, and ideas outside the inherent cultural framework to create innovative and adaptive policy outcomes. The two main dimensions of the model application are delegated task and authority, which is the power to delegate and provide insight or the ability to produce innovative and adaptive thinking. This resulted in two recommendations for the mandate mechanism to local governments, namely (1) authorising local governments to make recommendations for business status based on mapping to provide a guarantee for micro-businesses (2) the authority of local governments to work with banks to facilitate the distribution and bureaucratic management of KUR financing to micro businesses.
Interpretazioni della storia in Cina
Uso politico e letture del passato
Authors: Miranda Marina , Giunipero Elisa
Published: February 2024

The text examines the issue of interpreting PRC history from a variety of perspectives, ranging from the Communist Party’s reinterpretation of its own past to the instrumental use of the so-called ‘historical nihilism’, from the practice of historical analogy with reference to current political events to the historiographical approach of Global History. The volume also explores the complex relationship between history and memory – public and individual – as it unfolds in modern and contemporary Chinese literature. Finally, to complete the overall picture, historical narratives of television production and specific examples of the gendered history of the Hakka minority are included.
Introduzione
Authors: Miranda Marina , Giunipero Elisa
Published: February 2024

Il presente volume prende spunto dal tema di una giornata di studi organizzata dall’Associazione Italiana per gli Studi Cinesi (AISC), dedicata ad alcune recenti letture e interpretazioni politiche del passato nella Repubblica Popolare Cinese (RPC), svoltasi nel settembre 2022, a Milano, presso l’Università Cattolica. Oltre ai contributi presentati in tale sede, sono qui raccolti testi su altri aspetti emersi nell’ambito del dibattito sviluppatosi sia durante lo stesso incontro, sia successivamente, tra le associate e gli associati dell’AISC, che hanno risposto a una apposita call for papers, concorrendo a tracciare un quadro più ampio e articolato delle tematiche in questione.
Nichilismo storico e nuovi media nella RPC
Ricerca accademica e controllo politico
Authors: Negro Gianluigi
Published: February 2024

This paper provides an overview of the phenomenon of ‘online historical nihilism’ (wangluo lishi xuwuzhuyi 网络历史虚无主义) in the People’s Republic of China. This research maps the political and academic discussion on the new form of nihilism through the analysis of Chinese official documents and scholarly debates. The first part of the article highlights the political and academic relevance of historical nihilism in China, emphasizing its relationship with new media. The second part focuses on the Chinese academic discussion of online historical nihilism. The final section examines the norms and ad hoc initiatives promoted by state-run online portals and private online platforms aimed at limiting forms of online historical nihilism.
Il passato in TV: analisi delle narrazioni storiche della produzione televisiva cinese
Authors: Varriano Valeria
Published: February 2024

This paper examines the interplay between history and television in the People’s Republic of China, investigating how this medium has played a pivotal role in reinforcing public memory and providing frameworks for validating individual memories. To delineate the components of these frameworks, we have considered narrations of personal stories in which historical events provide a context for the character’s experience. In addition, two documentary series serve as quintessential instances of history’s narrative as articulated by ordinary citizens and prominent political leaders. Ultimately, the study highlights how Chinese television uses historical narratives to ‘reconfigure’ the present within an ‘orthodox depiction of history’, where uncertainties and conflicts find their ‘appropriate’ resolution.
Efforts to Improve the Ability to determine the Things of Paragraphs through The Circ Learning Model in Class V Students of SD N Kembang putihan
Authors: Nugraheni Dian Siwi
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this study was to determine the increase in the ability to determine the main idea by using the CIRC learning model. The action hypothesis is that the CIRC learning model can improve the ability to determine the main idea of ​​a paragraph. This type of research is classroom action research. Data collection techniques using tests and observations. The research instrument is a test sheet and an observation sheet. The data analysis technique used is quantitative and qualitative. The results showed that the use of the CIRC learning model could improve the ability to determine the main idea of ​​a paragraph. This increase can be seen from the average in the first cycle of 60.52 and an increase in the second cycle of 88.23. The above results are reinforced by the results of observations of learning activities. The percentage in the first cycle was 64.9% in the sufficient category, and increased in the second cycle by 88.23 in the very good category.
Improving Mathematics Learning Outcomes through Student Teams Achievement Divisions Learning in Grade I Elementary School Students
Authors: Dewi Indarwati
Published: February 2024

The purpose of this research is to improve the student learning outcomes in mathematics through the aplycation of the STAD type cooperative learning model. This type of research is Classroom Action Research. This research consisted of two cycles. The subject of this research were the 1st grade students of SD Negeri 3 Kalikotes with total of 29 students, consisting of 10 male students and 19 female students. The data collecting technique used observation, test, and documentation. The instruments of this research were observation sheets and test. Data analysis in this research used qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis. The result showed that the use of the STAD type cooperative learning model could improve student learning outcomes, this can be seen from the acquisition of class average scores from student test results at each stage of the cycle. The increase is, the class average value in pre-cycle is 54,48, in cycle I is 70,52 and in cycle II is 82,59.

Keywords: student learning outcomes, mathematics, STAD
Upaya Peningkatan Hasil Belajar Biologi Melalui Penggunaan Model Discovery Learning Materi Pemanasan Global Pada Peserta Didik Kelas X-3 SMAN 19 Palembang
Authors: Vebynindia  , Alpendi  , Nizkon  , Rosmawati Resmi
Published: February 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar Peserta didik setelah mengikuti proses pembelajaran dengan menggunakan model Discovery Learning pada materi pemanasan global. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Negeri 19 Palembang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri dari empat tahapan yaitu perencanaan, tindakan, observasi dan refleksi. Subyek penelitian ini adalah Peserta didik kelas X yang berjumlah 40 Peserta didik. Lembar observasi model pembelajaran penemuan dan hasil pre dan post test dijadikan sebagai instrumen penelitian. Pencapaian kriteria kesempurnaan minimal meningkat yaitu rata-rata hasil belajar kognitif Peserta didik siklus I 61,28%meningkat menjadi 81,28% pada Siklus II selesai, dan hasil belajar dengan menggunakan model Discovery Learning pada Siklus I Peserta didik meningkat 55%. menjadi 92,5 persen pada siklus II. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar Peserta didik meningkat dari Siklus I ke Siklus II. Dengan demikian, Siklus II memenuhi indikator ketercapaian hasil belajar Peserta didik, sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model Discovery Learning terhadap hasil belajar Peserta didik pada materi pemanasan global SMA Negeri 19 Palembang dapat diterima.
DARBELERİN ABC(Ş)’Sİ ARJANTİN, BREZİLYA, ŞİLİ (CHILE) VE TÜRKİYE ÜZERİNE KARŞILAŞTIRMALI BİR DEĞERLENDİRME
Authors: GEZGÜÇ KAYA Gözde Müşerref
Published: February 2024

Askeri darbeler ülkelerin siyasi tarihlerinde dönüm noktasıdır. Karşılaştırmalı siyaset açısından da darbeler önemli siyasal olayların başında gelmektedir. Farklı ülkelerde meydana gelen darbeleri karşılaştırmak darbeler tarihini anlamak ve yorumlamak açısından önemlidir. Türkiye’deki darbeler açısından geniş bir literatür bulunurken, farklı ülkelerde meydana gelen darbeleri karşılaştırmalı bir yöntemle değerlendiren çalışmalar azdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye ve Latin Amerika’da, aynı dönemde yaşanan askeri darbelerin ne gibi benzerliklerinin ve farklılıklarının olduğunu ortaya koymaktır. Çalışma kapsamında Latin Amerika’da darbelerin ABC’si (Argentina-Brazil-Chile) olarak değerlendirilebilecek Arjantin, Brezilya ve Şili ile Türkiye karşılaştırılacaktır. Karşılaştırmaya konu olan darbeler, Arjantin 1976, Brezilya 1964, Şili 1973 ve Türkiye 1980 askeri darbeleridir. Bu darbeler, Dönemini/devrini, Arka planını/altyapısını, Retoriğini, Bürokrasisini, Ekonomik yorumu ve Etkisi olmak üzere belirlenen referans noktaları üzerinden değerlendirilmiştir. Referans noktaları “DARBE” ismi verilen bir modele dönüştürülmüştür. Bu modelin daha sonra benzer çalışmalarda fayda sağlayabileceği düşünülmektedir.
ERKEN VE ORTA BİZANS DÖNEMİ (4 – 12. YY.) ANADOLU KİLİSELERİNDE SYNTHRONON VE BÖLGESEL ÖZELLİKLERİ
Authors: KAYA Erkan
Published: February 2024

Erken ve Orta Bizans Dönemi kiliselerinde synthronon hakkında yapılan bu araştırma; litürjik bir kuruluş olan synthrononun bölgesel özelliklerini açıklamayı amaçlamıştır. Hıristiyanlığın yayılma süreciyle birlikte önem kazanarak erken dönemden itibaren öncül örnekleri bulunan synthronon, Bizans İmparatorluğu’nun sonuna kadar simgesel varlığını sürdürmüştür. Araştırma; Bizans mimarisinde Anadolu kiliselerinde bulunan örnekler üzerinden synthrononun bölgesel özelliklerinin belirlenmesi ve bölgesel farklılıkların karşılaştırmalı olarak tespit edilmesini konu edinmiştir. Araştırma, Anadolu’da tespit edilen synthronon örneklerini biçim ve işlev açısından değerlendirmektedir ve Anadolu synthronon tipolojisi üzerine yapılan kapsamlı ilk çalışmadır.
Araştırma kapsamında; İ.S. 3. yüzyıldan 12. yüzyıla kadar olan süreçte synthrononla ilgili litürjik geleneklerin Hıristiyanlıkta yerleşmeye başladığı ilk dini kurallardan Geç Bizans Dönemi uygulamalarına kadarki değişim aktarılmaya çalışılmıştır. Geleneklerdeki değişimlerin mimariye doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak yansımaları da göz önünde bulundurulmuş ve araştırma kapsamına dahil edilerek konu hakkında detaylı bilgiler verilmiştir. Sonuç olarak synthrononun her açıdan litürjik geleneklerle şekillenen ve ihtiyaçlara göre değişen bir yapıya sahip olduğu görülmüştür.
Araştırma kapsamında; İ.S. 3. yüzyıldan 12. yüzyıla kadar olan süreçte litürjik geleneklerin Hıristiyanlıkta yerleşmeye başladığı ilk dini kurallardan Geç Bizans Dönemi uygulamalarına kadar yaşanan değişim aktarılmaya çalışılmıştır. Geleneklerdeki değişimlerin mimariye doğrudan veya dolaylı olarak yansımaları da göz önünde bulundurulmuş ve araştırma kapsamına dahil edilerek konu hakkında detaylı bilgiler verilmiştir. Sonuç olarak synthrononun her açıdan litürjik geleneklerle şekillenen ve ihtiyaçlara göre değişen bir yapıya sahip olduğu görülmüştür.
2022 Wallace Foundation Distinguished Lecture Education Reform, Past and Present: Asking Equity Questions and Looking for Hope
Authors: Datnow Amanda
Published: February 2024

Drawing on a set of studies conducted over 3 decades, this article provides a reflection on what has been learned by centering equity questions in research on educational reform. These studies reveal the need to explore educators’ belief systems, emotions, and agency in relation to reform. They also underscore the co-constructed nature of reform and the importance of attending to context and scale. Although prior research reveals the complex challenges educators, policymakers, and communities face in promoting educational change with social justice aims, it also provides lessons for a hopeful path forward. Pursuing an equity agenda in this pivotal moment requires deep thinking about how we conduct research on educational reform, prepare the next generation of scholars, and work across disciplinary and national boundaries.
Transfer Learning Empowered Bone Fracture Detection
Authors:   Faculty of Computer Sciences, Department of Computer Science, Lahore Garrison University, DHA phase 6, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan, Baig Muhammad Daniyal , Ul Haq Hafiz Burhan ,   Faculty of Computer Sciences Department of Information Technology, Lahore Garrison University, DHA phase 6, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan, Akram Waseem ,   Faculty of Information Technology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan, Shahzad Awais ,   Faculty of Computer Sciences, Department of Computer Science, Lahore Garrison University, DHA phase 6, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
Published: February 2024

Detection of bone fractures using modern technology has significant implications in medical analysis and artificial intelligence. This importance is especially pronounced in the realm of deep learning. Deep learning techniques find extensive application in the field of medicine and disease classification. The early identification of bone fractures is crucial for efficient treatment planning and patient care. Our research proposes a transfer learning-based model for predicting bone fractures using a dataset of bone X-ray images. These images will be classified into two categories: normal and bone fracture, based on extracted features. Our proposed model, the Bone Fracture Detection Transfer Learning Algorithm (BFDTLA), achieved an average accuracy of 97% on the dataset. The BFDTLA model demonstrated superior performance when compared to previous quantitative and qualitative research studies. This research focuses on the early detection of bone fractures using transfer learning algorithms, emphasizing the significance of accurate and timely diagnosis.
Vietnam Symposium of Development 2023 Proceeding: Embedding Sustainability into Development
Authors: Symposium of Development Vietnam
Published: February 2024

Diễn đàn Phát triển Việt nam (Vietnam Symposium of Development - VSOD) 2023 đã được tổ chức từ ngày 16 tới 19 tháng 12, năm 2023 tại Trung tâm Quốc tế Khoa học và Giáo dục liên ngành ICISE, Quy Nhơn, Bình Định với chủ đề “Nhúng Bền vững vào Phát triển”. Diễn đàn đã nhận được sự tham gia tích cực của 21 chuyên gia khách mời, 33 báo cáo viên, và 120 người tham dự, với tổng số 55 bài trình bày, phiên thảo luận, và hoạt động tương tác xoay quanh ba nhóm chủ đề: Giảng dạy cho một tương lai Phát triển bền vững, Phát triển bản thân và tập thể với lối sống bền vững, và Phát triển địa phương không quên bền vững.
Quantifying Thoracolumbar Fascia Deformation to Discriminate Acute Low Back Pain Patients and Healthy Individuals Using Ultrasound
Authors: Brandl Andreas , Wilke Jan , Horstmann Thomas , Reer Rüdiger , Egner Christoph , Schmidt Tobias , Schleip Robert
Published: February 2024

Objective: To examine the reliability and discriminative validity (patients vs. healthy individuals) of an ultrasound (US) measurement method for the quantification of thoracolumbar fascia deformation (TLFD). Design: Cross-sectional study with US assesment and rater blinding.Setting: Manual therapy clinic, university laboratory.Participants: aLBP patients (n = 16) and healthy individuals (n = 15).Interventions: Participants performed a standardized trunk extension task. US measurements of TLFD were carried out independendly by two raters by imaging the TLF in the starting and ending positions of the movement.Main Outcome Measures: Intrarater and interrater reliability were calculated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and minimal dedectable changes (MDC) were calculated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the cut-off for TLFD to discriminate the study groups. Kappa statistics were performed to assess rater agreement in discrimination.Results: Intrarater ICC was .92 with an MDC of 5.54 mm and the interrater ICC was .78 with an MDC of 8.70 mm (all p < .001). The cut-off for TLFD was 6 mm with a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 93.75%. The raters agreed with a κ of 0.74 (p < .001).Conclusion: Reliability of the US method for assessing TLFD is moderate to excellent, and the ability to discriminate aLBP patients from healthy individuals is moderate. The method could be used to capture an additional parameter in morphological aLBP screenings.
Leveraging social relations modelling and social network analysis to understand the structure and nature of interpersonal dynamics in groups
Authors: Evans M. Blair , Benson Alex J
Published: February 2024

Social relations and social network approaches can address the distinct challenges of studying interpersonal phenomena and the patterns of relationships within groups, yet they continue to be under-utilized in sport and exercise domains. In the current paper, we encourage the use of advanced quantitative tools from social relations and social network approaches to use group members’ perceptions of one another or their interpersonal ties to study interpersonal dynamics. We specifically articulate the need for these tools within a domain of research that we term small group interpersonal dynamics. Such research acknowledges the dyadic components of groups by collecting data about team member interactions and relationships to study the emergence and maintenance of relationships, or how relationships influence group members. We describe why sport and exercise scholars should ‘care’ about social relations and network approaches, identify how scholars can design studies and articulate research questions that align with these approaches, and communicate key methodological considerations for each approach. Because the optimal analysis tool for one’s approach to study relationships in groups depends on several factors, we emphasize the need to seek congruence between theory, strategies to gather and manage data, and analyses.
Mobile money and the social contract: Experimental evidence from Ghana
Authors: Yeandle Alexander , Doyle David
Published: February 2024

Mobile money platforms are ubiquitous in many emerging economies. Hailed for raising financial inclusion and economic wellbeing, governments have now turned to mobile payments as a source of tax revenue. Transaction levies are often regressive, unpopular, and can encourage a return to cash. We present experimental evidence that they may also harm tax morale - a core component of the social contract between citizen and state. We present results from a survey experiment in Ghana, in which priming a recent mobile transaction levy significantly lowers support for the state’s right to collect taxes and willingness to comply with tax laws. We combine this with focus group discussions and analyse effect heterogeneity to examine two pre-registered explanations: transaction taxes cost citizens more than they expect to gain (reciprocity) and provoke particular backlash from non-government voters (partisanship). Our findings suggest that taxing mobile money can undermine efforts to expand fiscal capacity, while raising important mechanistic and policy questions for future research.
Review: यज्ञ एक शिक्षण भी, उच्चस्तरीय विज्ञान भी (Yagya conveys enlightening philosophical teachings and is also a high level science) - a discourse of Revered Pandit Shriram Sharma Acharya
Authors: Mishra Saurabh , Mishra Alka
Published: February 2024

This article presents English translation and discussion of some excerpts of a discourse of Revered Pandit Shriram Sharma Acharya (Acharyashri), in which, with reference to the Vedic and other ancient scriptures, Acharyashri explains in detail various enlightening philosophical teachings (which include righteous knowledge, diligent endeavors, virtuous emotions thoughts actions, propagation of virtues, generosity, caring, etc.) and scientific principles (purification of the physical and subtle environment, sharing, therapy for physical / mental / spiritual ailments, creation of parjanya (prana - vital life force), leaving vicious tendencies and adopting virtuous tendencies, etc.), associated with the physical and subtle virtuous conduct of the fire-ritual of yagya, which can lead to the awakening of divinity (virtuous tendencies) in human beings, and revival of the ancient era of truth and harmony (Satyug) on the earth; this in turn can lead to the solution of various problems faced by humanity today, both at the individual and the global level.
Linking menopause-related factors, depression, APOE ε4, and proxies of biological aging in the UK Biobank cohort
Authors: Crestol Arielle , de Lange Ann-Marie G , Schindler Louise , Subramaniapillai Sivaniya , Nerland Stener , Oppenheimer Hannah , Westlye Lars T. , Andreassen Ole A. , Agartz Ingrid , Tamnes Christian K. , Barth Claudia
Published: February 2024

Background: Menopause is an endocrine aging process marking the end of females’ reproductive years. In a subset of females, postmenopausal status has been linked to accelerated aging and neurological decline. A complex interplay between reproductive-related factors, mental disorders, and genetics may influence brain function and accelerate the rate of aging in the postmenopausal phase. Methods: Using multiple regressions corrected for age, we investigated the associations between menopause-related factors (i.e., menopausal status, menopause type, age at menopause, and reproductive span) and proxies of cellular aging (leukocyte telomere length, LTL) and brain aging (white and gray matter brain age gap, BAG) in 13,780 middle- and older-aged females from the UK Biobank (age range 40 – 70). We then determined how these proxies of biological aging were associated with each other, and evaluated the effects of menopause-related factors, history of depression, and APOE ε4 genotype on BAG and LTL, examining both additive and interactive relationships. Results: We found that postmenopausal status and older age at natural menopause were linked to longer LTL and lower BAG. Surgical menopause and longer natural reproductive span were also associated with longer LTL, but not BAG. BAG and LTL were not significantly associated with each other. The greatest variance in each proxy of biological aging was most consistently explained by models with the addition of both history of depression and APOE ε4 genotype. Conclusion: Overall, this study demonstrates a complex interplay between menopause-related factors, depression, APOE ε4 genotype, and proxies of brain and cellular aging, with results potentially being influenced by a disproportionate number of healthier participants among postmenopausal females. Future longitudinal studies incorporating heterogeneous samples are an essential step towards advancing female health.
The development and diversity of religious cognition and behavior: Protocol for Wave 1 data collection with children and parents by the Developing Belief Network
Authors: Weisman Kara , Ghossainy Maliki , Williams Allison J , Payir Ayse , Lesage Kirsten A , Reyes-Jaquez Bolivar , Amin Tamer G. , Anggoro Florencia K. , Burdett Emily , Chen Eva E , Coetzee Lezanie , Coley John , Dahl Audun , Dautel Jocelyn , Davis Helen Elizabeth , Davis;Davis Elizabeth L , Diesendruck Gil , Evans Denise , Feeney Aidan , Gurven Michael , Jee Benjamin , Kramer Hannah J , Kushnir Tamar , Kyriakopoulou Natassa , McAuliffe Katherine , McLaughlin Abigail , Nichols Shaun , Nicolopoulou Ageliki , Rockers Peter , Shneidman Laura , Skopeliti Irini , Srinivasan Mahesh , Tarullo Amanda R. , Taylor Laura K. , Yu Yue , Yucel Meltem , Zhao Xin , Corriveau Kathleen H. , Richert Rebekah
Published: February 2024

The Developing Belief Network is a consortium of researchers studying human development in diverse social-cultural settings, with a focus on the interplay between general cognitive development and culturally specific processes of socialization and cultural transmission in early and middle childhood. The current manuscript describes the study protocol for the network’s first wave of data collection, which aims to explore the development and diversity of religious cognition and behavior. This work is guided by three key research questions: (1) How do children represent and reason about religious and supernatural agents? (2) How do children represent and reason about religion as an aspect of social identity? (3) How are religious and supernatural beliefs transmitted within and between generations? The protocol is designed to address these questions via a set of nine tasks for children between the ages of 4 and 10 years, a comprehensive survey completed by their parents/caregivers, and a task designed to elicit conversations between children and caregivers. This study is being conducted in 39 distinct cultural-religious groups (to date), spanning 17 countries and 13 languages. In this manuscript, we provide detailed descriptions of all elements of this study protocol, give a brief overview of the ways in which this protocol has been adapted for use in diverse religious communities, and present the final, English-language study materials for 6 of the 39 cultural-religious groups who are currently being recruited for this study: Protestant Americans, Catholic Americans, American members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Jewish Americans, Muslim Americans, and religiously unaffiliated Americans.
This document will be updated.
Authors: Author
Published: February 2024

This document will be updated
The Heart of Monetary Economics: A Novel Diagram Depicting the Relationships Between Aggregate Monetary Variables
Authors: Zinn Jesse Aaron
Published: February 2024

This work introduces the Heart of Monetary Economics, a novel figure that depicts the relationships between aggregate monetary variables. The figure contains more information than the Venn diagram that shows how the monetary base and money supply have currency in circulation as their intersection. A distinguishing feature of the heart is that it illustrates how the net amount of financial capital generated by depository institutions equals the difference between the money supply and the monetary base. As such, the figure may aid students learning about money creation. This work also points out a nearly identical figure that contains the same information as the heart. It also provides a proof that these two figures are the only two with their general shape consistent with the relationships they display.
Local Indicators of Dispersion: A Relational Approach to Measuring Inequality
Authors: Mejía Ramón Andrés G. , Munson Jessica
Published: February 2024

This paper presents a novel approach to measuring inequality, centering on the principles of relationship and subjectivity. We describe the limitations of traditional metrics like Gini indexes in capturing the complex, inherently relational nature of inequality. By considering inequality as a series of subjective judgments made by individuals within their social cohorts, this study introduces a method where observations on inequality are aggregated both locally and globally, offering a nuanced view that accounts for both in-group and out-group disparities and proposing an inferential procedure to identify significant disparities at multiple levels. The approach is demonstrated through a case study on global wealth inequality, showcasing the dynamic and multifaceted nature of economic disparities across trading blocs.
Radial Distribution Function of Hard Spheres at Different Densities
Authors: Khanal A. , Gyawali S. , Khati P. , Khanal S. P. , Adhikari N. P.
Published: February 2024

The model of hard sphere system has important part in modern theories of liquids. Hard sphere fluid is considered as the most intensively studied system among all model fluids. The thermodynamic and structural properties of real fluids can be studied with the help of hard spheres fluid. The exact solution of Ornstein-Zernike (OZ) equation with Percus-Yevick (PY) along with the equation of state provides an approximate analytical expression for radial distribution function (RDF). This work intends to study the radial distribution function of Hard sphere (HS) using the PY approximation for different densities ranging from low to high to find out their structural properties, packing behavior, phase transitions, and thermodynamics. We use FORTRAN program for this purpose. At low densities, the RDF has a single peak at a distance corresponding to the hard sphere diameter, indicating that the particles are well-  separated and not interacting with each other like gaseous. As density increases, the peak becomes broader and shifts to smaller distances, indicating that the particles are coming into closer contact and interacting more strongly with each other. The height of the peak also increases, indicating that there is a greater probability of finding a particle at a certain distance from another particle.
Simulating and Analyzing the Electronic Structure of a Spherical Amorphous SiO2 Nanoparticle of Finite Radius
Authors: Dhakal C. P. , Rai K. B.
Published: February 2024

This study focuses on the electronic structure and properties of amorphous SiO2 nanoparticle with a radius of 18 Å using Density Functional Theory and the Orthogonalized Linear Combination of Atomic Orbital method. Through employing appropriate statistical techniques, three distinct models (I, II, and III) of amorphous SiO2 nanoparticle with an 18 Å radius are generated based on the continuous random network structure incorporating periodic boundaries. The calculated Total Density of States and Partial Density of States reveal insights into the electronic interactions within the nanoparticle. The band gap values are assessed at both less accurate and more accurate potentials such that the band gap increases from 2 eV to 4.2 eV with higher potentials for Model I, where surface atoms has dangling bonds stabilized by hydrogen atoms. Model II, consisting of all surface silicon atoms bonded to four oxygen atoms, exhibits a band gap of 1 eV, increasing to 1.8 eV with higher potentials. Model III, saturated with hydrogen atoms, shows a band gap of 4 eV, decreasing to 3.75 eV at higher potentials. The introduction of the more accurate potential serves to minimize the gap states initially observed with the less accurate potential. The electronic structure calculations provide crucial information for understanding the electronic interactions within the amorphous SiO2 nanoparticle with implications for their applications in various fields such as biomedicine, catalysis, electronics, and nanotechnology.
Effect of Hubbard Potential (U) on Mn Doped BiTeI
Authors: Bhattarai D. , Shahi D. B. , Ghimire M. P.
Published: February 2024

In recent years, Bismuth tellurohalide has gained significant attention as a possible candidate for spintronics applications. Among them, BiTeI is one such layered material that shows Rashba spin splitting responsible for transport phenomenon. On the basis of density functional theory calculations using full-potential local-orbital code, we studied the electronic and magnetic properties of Bi2TeMnI2 compound. Our study shows an energy band gap of 1.18 eV for the parent material BiTeI. The main contribution around the Fermi level are from the Bi-6p, I-5p and Te-5p states. Upon doping Mn atom independently to Bi, Te and I site, we found that Te site is energetically most favorable. With Mn doped to Te site, the material is found to transform to ferromagnetic semiconducting state with magnetic easy-axis along [001] with magnetic moment of 3 μB per unit cell. The magnetic moment is found to alter interestingly with the implementation of Hubbard-potential (U). The value first reduces to 1 μB for U = 3 eV and starts changing with increasing value of U. Due to internal ferromagnetic ordering and strong correlation effect, this compound seems to be a promising candidate for spintronics and quantum computing.
Peran Koperasi Bagi Pelaku Usaha Koperasi dan UMKM
Authors: Kasidi Kasidi , Marliyah Lili , Setyaningsih Sri , Widayati Sri
Published: February 2024

Koperasi bagi bangsa Indonesia merupakan Badan Usaha Ekonomi yang sesuai dengan cita-cita bangsa Indonesia, sebagaimana di amanatkan dalam pasal 33 ayat 1 UUD 1945, yang menyatakan bahwa perekonomian Indonesia di susun sebagai usaha bersama berdasar atas azas kekeluargaan dan pasal tersebut menyebutkan bahwa kemakmuran masyarakatlah yang diutamakan, bukan kemakmuran orang per orang, serta bangun perusahaan yang sesuai dengan pasal 33 itu adalah badan usaha yang berbentuk Koperasi. Latar belakang kegiatan pengadian pada masyarakat ini adalah memberikan pemahaman bagi ibu-ibu kelompok PKK desa Kalisari, Kecamata Kradenan, Kabupaten Grobogan dalam usaha merintis berdirinya Koperasi Simpan Pinjam. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini adalah agar kelompok PKK desa Kalisari memiliki pengetahuan perkoperasian dan mampu mendirikan badan usaha ekonomi yang berbentuk Koperasi. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini adalah kemauan dan kesediaan kelompok ibu-ibu PKK desa Kalisari untuk mendirikan badan usaha ekonomi berbentuk Koperasi, yaitu Koperasi Simpan Pinjam (KSP) sebagai salah satu wadah bersama menghimpun dana permodalan bagi usaha Koperasi dan UMKM.
Penyuluhan Tentang Implementasi Pendidikan Dalam Keluarga di Kelurahan Karangjati Kabupaten Semarang
Authors: Sukoco Sukoco , Sayekti Sri
Published: February 2024

Pembangunan bidang pendidikan telah menunjukkan perkembangan yang positif  secara akademis, hal ini tentunya bukan menjadi satu-satunya indikator keberhasilan proses pendidikan. Namun keberhasilan di bidang akademik masih perlu diimbangi dengan pendidikan karakter yang sekarang ini menjadi sorotan tajam masyarakat, karena banyak fenomena kenakalan remaja seakan sulit dibendung dan diatasi. UU RI Nomor 20 tahun 2003 menyebutkan bahwa:“Pendidikan berfungsi mengembangkan kemampuan dan membentuk watak serta peradaban bangsa yang bermartabat dalam rangka mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa. Secara khusus tujuan pengabdian ini: 1. Melakukan identifikasi yang berkaitan dengan implementasi pendidikan dalam keluarga; 2. Memberikan ceramah dan dialog dengan masyarakat berkaitan dengan implementasi pendidikan dalam keluarga; 3. bentuk-bentuk implementasi pendidikan dalam keluarga dalam praktik kehidupan sehari-hari. Pelaksanaan pengabdian ini menggunakan metode ceramah dengan dialog interaktif yang memberikan kesempatan kepada pembina, pengurus, serta anggota masyarakat untuk menyampaikan pendapat, tanggapan maupun pertanyaan serta seluas-luasnya. Simpulan hasil pengabdian ini menunjukkan bahwa: 1. Sebagian besar masyarakat beranggapan bahwa pendidikan sepenuhnya menjadi tanggung jawab sekolah; 2. Pengabdian ini memberikan wawasan kepada masyarakat tentang peran penting keluarga dalam pembentukan karakter anak; 3. Pendidikan tidak hanya mencakup prestasi akademik semata, akan tetapi karakter menjadi hal yang sangat penting.
Edukasi dan Pemeriksaan Hemoglobin Sebagai Gerakan Sehat tanpa Anemia pada Siswa SMK Nurul Islami Semarang
Authors: Elawati Nunung Eni , Lestari Catur Retno , Dewi Restu Ayu Eka Pustika , Syaifulloh Moh , Nahdah Athifah Ari
Published: February 2024

Remaja merupakan tahap transisi dari masa kanak-kanak menuju dewasa, yang ditandai dengan pertumbuhan fisik yang cepat, sehingga membutuhkan asupan gizi yang memadai termasuk zat besi. Asupan zat besi yang kurang dapat menimbulkan anemia pada remaja. Tujuan pengabdian masyarakat ini untuk memberikan edukasi dan pemeriksaan hemoglobin serta pengukuran antropometri kepada remaja di SMK Nurul Islami Semarang mengenai anemia dan upaya pencegahan anemia pada remaja. Pengabdian ini dilakukan dengan metode sosialisasi dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD) serta pengecekan kadar Hemoglobin dan antropometri pada siswa-siswi SMK Nurul Islami Semarang. Kegiatan ini diikuti oleh 35 siswa. Hasil pengabdian menujukkan bahwa  siswa SMK Nurul Islami Semarang tidak terindikasi anemia, dengan rata-rata siswa memiliki kadar hemoglobin normal sebanyak memiliki rata-rata kadar hemoglobin normal sebanyak 30 orang (85,71%),yang didukung dengan rata-rata IMT siswa berstatus gizi baik (65,71%), dengan ukuran LILA normal sebanyak 27 orang (77,14%) meskipun beberapa memiliki tekanan darah rendah yaitu sebanyak 24 orang (68,57%). Dengan adanya pengecekan kadar hemoglobin dan antropometri pada kegiatan pengabdian ini siswa siswi menjadi lebih memahami pentingnya pencegahan anemia dengan mengonsumsi tablet penambah darah dan makanan yang bergizi dengan didukung aktivitas fisik.
Operasi Katarak di RS Telogorejo: Jalan Pembuka Terangnya Dunia
Authors: Kwartawati Nana Noviada , Harjanti Agnes Isti , Slamet Slamet , Rahayu Sri
Published: February 2024

Survei Kebutaan Rapid Assessment of Avoidable Blindness (RAAB) pada 2014-2016 oleh Persatuan Dokter Spesialis Mata Indonesia (Perdami) dan Badan Litbangkes Kementerian Kesehatan menyebut angka kebutaan mencapai 3% dan katarak merupakan penyebab kebutaan tertinggi (81%). Dari jumlah tersebut, sekira 90 persen ganggguan penglihatan terdapat di wilayah penduduk berpenghasilan rendah, dan 82 persen kebutaan terjadi pada usia 50 tahun atau lebih. Diperkirakan pengeluaran rata-rata per pasien yang menderita kebutaan adalah hampir dua kali lipat dari biaya lainnya dan untuk buta dengan dua mata diperkirakan akan mengeluarkan biaya berkisar 12.175 – 14.029 US $ atau sekira Rp170 juta sampai Rp196 juta rupiah. Selain itu, juga ditambah dengan biaya tidak langsung yang cukup besar karena kerugian produktivitas. Jika dibiarkan rawan terjadi tsunami katarak. Artinya, seiring bertambahnya Usia Harapan Hidup (UHH) diperkirakan pada tahun 2030 itu semua penduduk di atas usia 50 tahun akan semakin banyak terpapar katarak. Sekadar diketahui, rata-rata UHH meningkat dari usia 63 tahun pada 1990 mejadi 69 tahun pada 2017. Ini artinya peningkatan usia harapan hidup akan berdampak pada peningkatan penyakit- penyakit degeneratif. Termasuk pada peningkatan kasus katarak, dan gangguan penglihatan lainnya yang diakibatkan oleh penyakit degeneratif seperti Diabetes Melitus dan Glaukoma.