bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of Coronary Sinus Aspiration During Coronary Angiography to Attenuate the Risk of Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Predisposed Patients
Authors: Diab Osama Ali , Helmy Mostafa , Gomaa Yasser , El-Shalakany Reem
Published: January 2017

Background—

The incidence of contrast-induced acute kidney injury is strongly related to the amount of the given contrast. Our objectives were to evaluate the efficacy and safety of coronary sinus aspiration (CSA) procedure to reduce the volume of the given contrast and attenuate the risk of contrast-induced acute kidney injury.

Methods and Results—

The study included 43 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and renal impairment (creatinine 1.5–3 mg/dL) who were candidates for coronary angiography. Eighteen patients were subjected to CSA procedure during coronary angiography (CSA group), and 25 patients served as a control group. Periprocedural standard care was given. In CSA group, the coronary sinus was cannulated via subclavian or femoral venous approaches, and aspiration was done directly from a transseptal sheath (8 patients) or through a balloon occlusion catheter placed through the sheath (10 patients) simultaneously during each coronary injection. Estimated volume of aspirated contrast was calculated based on the percentage reduction in hematocrit value of the aspirate in relation to the patient’s baseline hematocrit. Fraction of aspirated contrast was calculated by dividing estimated volume of aspirated contrast over the volume of injected contrast×100. Both study groups were matched in clinical and laboratory data, as well as volume of injected contrast. In CSA group, mean fraction of aspirated contrast was 39.35±10.47%. One patient in the CSA group, compared with 9 patients in the control group, developed contrast-induced acute kidney injury (
P
=0.028).

Conclusions—

CSA during coronary angiography could effectively remove more than one third of the given contrast and may reduce the incidence of contrast-induced acute kidney injury in selected patients.
Effects of Reduced Kidney Function Because of Living Kidney Donation on Left Ventricular Mass
Authors: Altmann Ursula , Böger Carsten A. , Farkas Stefan , Mack Matthias , Luchner Andreas , Hamer Okka W. , Zeman Florian , Debl Kurt , Fellner Claudia , Jungbauer Carsten , Banas Bernhard , Buchner Stefan
Published: January 2017

Living kidney donation is associated with a small but significant increase in cardiovascular mortality. In addition, mildly decreased kidney function is associated with an increase of left ventricular mass and with cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic kidney disease. To investigate this association, we evaluated the impact of mildly decreased kidney function after living kidney donation on subclinical cardiac structural and functional changes. In this prospective cohort study, cardiac and renal magnetic resonance imaging and laboratory analyses were performed in 23 living kidney donors (mean age 54±10 years, 52% male) before donation and at 4 and 12 months after nephrectomy. Mean estimated glomerular filtration rate was 102±15 mL min
−1
1.73 m
−2
before donation and 70±13 mL min
−1
1.73 m
−2
at 12 months (
P
<0.001). Left ventricular mass increased from 112±22 to 115±23 g (
P
<0.001). In addition, heart rate was significantly increased (65±7 to 74±14;
P
=0.04). Concurrently, kidney and adrenal gland volume increased from 163±33 to 195±34 mL (
P
<0.001) and from 7.6±2.2 to 8.4±2.4 mL (
P
=0.032), respectively, as did procollagen type III (Δ0.11 ng/mL,
P
<0.001) and not N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (Δ14 pg/mL,
P
=0.25). The mild decrease in kidney function after living kidney donation leads to a significant but clinically negligible increase in left ventricular mass 12 months after living kidney donation. This study of a longitudinal analysis of living kidney donors provides direct evidence of a kidney–heart link.
Managing the Ancestral Way of Life in the Roman Diaspora: The Mélange of Philosophical and Scriptural Practice in 4 Maccabees
Authors: Tolonen Anna-Liisa , Uusimäki Elisa
Published: January 2017

Portrayals of figures of the Israelite narrative are used in 4 Maccabees 1:1-3:18 to discuss the philosophical nature of Judaism. To illustrate the intellectual cultural milieu of the composition, we analyse the notion of (a) ancient philosophy as a way of life and (b) commentary as an intellectual exercise which are part of the author’s lifestyle. He introduces skills of life management into the lives of past figures to promote his notion of virtue. The author (re)casts familiar stories as descriptions of situations in which characters are challenged both rationally and emotionally; thus, he provides the audience with an opportunity for spiritual exercise by means of identification with these characters. This mélange of philosophical and scriptural practice shows that the principles of 4 Maccabees cannot be reduced to either Greek philosophy or Jewish law. Rather, they constitute a philosophical lifestyle which is aligned with both divine law and lived experience.
A new species of Ophiomegistus Banks (Acari: Paramegistidae) from Papua New Guinea
Authors: KLOMPEN HANS , AUSTIN CHRISTOPHER C.
Published: January 2017

A new species of Ophiomegistus, O. spectabilis, is described from New Guinea. This represents the 13th species of this genus from New Guinea skinks. A re-evaluation of host and locality data for the genus shows a host range restricted to squamates, especially skinks, but no obvious specificity for individual skink species. Specificity for small geographical areas seems more likely.
Revision of the genus Centistes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Euphorinae: Centistini) of Costa Rica
Authors: AGUIRRE HELMUTH , DE ALMEIDA LUIS FELIPE VENTURA , SHAW SCOTT RICHARD
Published: January 2017

This paper provides the first taxonomic revision for the euphorine genus Centistes from a Neotropical country. Twenty-three new species are described: C. achterbergi sp. n., C. acuticaudatus sp. n., C. auricephalus sp. n., C. auristigma sp. n., C. bicaudatus sp. n., C. cabecares sp. n., C. cartagoensis sp. n., C. chorotegus sp. n., C. compactus sp. n., C. curvicaudatus sp. n., C. gauldi sp. n., C. hansoni sp. n., C. hirsutus sp. n., C. janzeni sp. n., C. laticaudatus sp. n., C. longicaudatus sp. n., C. marshi sp. n., C. muertensis sp. n., C. ornamentum sp. n., C. pilosus sp. n., C. puntarenensis sp. n., C. sergeyi sp. n., C. zurquiensis sp. n. A taxonomic key, including the two previously described species, C. epicaeri Muesebeck and C. gasseni Shaw, is presented. As a whole, the Centistes exhibit their highest diversity in the premontane cloud forests.
A study of the genus Agrilaxia Kerremans, 1903 from French Guiana (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Anthaxiini)
Authors: BÍLÝ SVATOPLUK
Published: January 2017

Description of four new species of the genus Agrilaxia Kerremans, 1903 from French Guiana: Agrilaxia (Agrilaxia) angustiptera sp. nov., A. (A.) antennata sp. nov., A. (A.) nigra sp. nov. and A. (A.) nigropurpurea sp. nov. New distributional data are given for Agrilaxia (A.) chrysifrons (Kerremans, 1896) and the previously unknown male genitalia of this species is illustrated.
Description of the tadpoles of Proceratophrys cristiceps (Anura: Cycloramphidae, Odontophrynini)
Authors: DA SILVA VIEIRA WASHINGTON LUIZ , DA SILVA VIEIRA KLEBER , SANTANA GINDOMAR GOMES
Published: January 2017

The tadpoles of Proceratophrys cristiceps (Müller, 1884) are described based on specimens collected in a temporary pool at the Estação Experimental de São João do Cariri, in the municipality of São João do Cariri, Paraíba State, in NE Brazil. Tadpoles in stage 39 had a total length of 30.31 mm, a body length of 12.45 mm (corresponding to 41.07% of their total length), were ovoid shaped in dorsal view, slightly depressed in lateral view, and with a dental formula 2(2)/3(1). The morphological characteristics of the tadpole P. cristiceps were compared with other tadpoles of four species belonging to the Proceratophrys bigibbosa group.
Uwagi o sowietyzmach w polszczyźnie etnicznej i radzieckiej w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym (na materiale „Encyklopedycznego słownika wyrazów obcych. Pochodzenie wyrazów, wymowa, objaśnienia pojęć, skróty, przysłowia, cytaty” Trzaski, Everta, Michalskiego i moskiewskiej „Trybuny Radzieckiej” z lat 1927–1938)
Authors: Graczykowska Tamara
Published: January 2017

Observations on the Soviet Vocabulary in the Ethnic Polish Language and the Soviet Polish Language in the Interwar Period (Based on Trzaska-Evert-Michalski “Encyclopedic Dictionary of Foreign Words” and “Trybuna Radziecka,” 1927–1938)The paper discusses the Soviet vocabulary extracted from “Trybuna Radziecka”, a cen­tral Polish weekly published in Moscow in 1927–1938 and edited by Polish left‑wing intelligentsia, living in the USRR as political émigrés in this period as well as some Sovietisms included in the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Foreign Words, edited by S. Lam, published by Trzaska-Evert-Michalski in Warsaw in 1939. The author tries to demon­strate that the new realities of life and state power in the Soviet Union had immense influence on the Polish language in Russia in the interwar period, and especially on the language of “Trybuna Radziecka.” This weekly was imbued with Sovietisms. They were in common use of the Poles living in Soviet Russia in the interwar period. The Soviet vocabulary in Trzaska-Evert-Michalski dictionary represents two layers. The first one includes lexical items fully assimilated by the Polish language, e.g. kołchoz, komsomolec. The second one contains exotic words, used occasionally, e.g. ispołkom, krasnoarmiejec, otlicznik, piatiletka. Uwagi o sowietyzmach w polszczyźnie etnicznej i radzieckiej w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym (na materiale Encyklopedycznego słownika wyrazów obcych. Pochodzenie wyrazów, wymowa, objaśnienia pojęć, skróty, przysłowia, cytaty Trzaski, Everta, Michalskiego i moskiewskiej „Trybuny Radzieckiej” z lat 1927–1938)W artykule omówiono słownictwo radzieckie zarejestrowane w Encyklopedycznym słowniku wyrazów obcych wydanym w 1939 r. w Warszawie przez Trzaskę, Everta, Michalskiego, pod redakcją S. Lama i jednocześnie odzwierciedlone w „Trybunie Radzieckiej”, która ukazywała się w Moskwie w latach 1927–1938. Sowietyzmy zamieszczone w słowniku Trzaski i in. można podzielić na dwie grupy. Pierwszą grupę stanowią wyrazy, które nigdy nie były w powszechnym użyciu w komunikacji językowej Polaków, mogły się pojawiać okazjonalnie w tekstach publicystycznych, zyskując odcień żartobliwy czy ironiczny. Zapożyczenia te nie są zasymilowane (np. ispołkom, krasnoarmiejec, otlicznik, piatiletka). Grupę drugą tworzą wyrazy będące jedynymi nazwami określonych desygnatów, niezbędnych do opisania socjalistycznej rzeczywistości w Rosji radzieckiej. Są one całkowicie przyswojone przez język polski (np. agitka, kołchoz, komsomolec). W odróżnieniu od polszczyzny ogólnej, w pore­wolucyjnej polszczyźnie radzieckiej wszystkie te jednostki występowały bez żadnych ograniczeń (często świadczy o tym ich duża frekwencja tekstowa oraz rejestracja w innych źródłach radzieckich).
Słowniki w Wielkim Księstwie Litewskim – przyczynek do historii (zachodnio)ruskiej leksykografii i leksyki
Authors: Citko Lilia
Published: January 2017

Dictionaries in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania – a Contribution to the History of (Western)Ruthenian Lexicography and Word-Inventory In the article an attempt to describe the oldest Western Ruthenian dictionary has been made. The analysis is based on the following texts: 1) Leksis s tolkovanīem slovenskikh mov prosto  of the first part of the 16th century, 2) Leksis siriech rechenïia v"krat"tsie s"bran(")ny. I īz slove(n)skago iazyka naprosty(ĭ) ruskīĭ diale(k)t istol(")kovany L,Z  by L. Zizaniy (Vilno 1596), 3) Leksīkon slavenorosskīĭ ī imen tl"kovanīe  by P. Berynda (Kiev 1627), 4) Sinonima slavenorosskaia (the end of the 17th century). The focus of attention is directed to lexicographic specificity of the antique texts, the elements of their macro- and microstructures, sources and techniques of material documentation, which made it possible to observe the evolution of lexicographers` methodological procedure in the range of the structure of an entry, e.g.: efforts to introduce grammatical information, qualifiers (mostly etymological and stylistic), and material exemplification.Dictionaries, which were essentially used to learn the language of liturgical celebration, contained religious vocabulary. It should be noted, however, that their authors introduced Ruthenian words of various thematic groups and stylistic registers to the translated parts of lexicons. In Berynda`s dictionary Polish loan words appeared as entries. Słowniki w Wielkim Księstwie Litewskim – przyczynek do historii (zachodnio)ruskiej leksykografii i leksykiW artykule podjęto próbę charakterystyki najstarszych słowników zachodnioru­skich na podstawie kilku źródeł: 1) Leksis s tolkovanīem slovenskikh mov prosto z pierwszej połowy XVI w.; 2) Leksis siriech rechenïia v"krat"tsie s"bran(")ny. I īz slove(n)skago iazyka naprosty(ĭ) ruskīĭ diale(k)t istol(")kovany L,Z  W. Zizaniego (Wilno 1596); 3) Leksīkon slavenorosskīĭ ī imen tl"kovanīe  P. Beryndy (Kijów 1627); 4) Sinonima slavenorosskaia  (koniec XVII w.). Głównie uwagę skupiono na specyfice leksykograficznej zabytków, elementach ich makro-i mikrostruktury, źródłach oraz sposobach dokumentacji materiału. Pozwoliło to zaobserwować pewną ewolucję warsztatu metodologicznego leksykografów w zakresie budowy artykułu hasłowego, jak np. próby wprowadzania informacji gramatycznej, kwalifikatorów (głównie etymologicznych, stylistycznych) oraz egzemplifikacji materiałowej.Słowniki, przeznaczone zasadniczo do nauki języka liturgicznego i lektury ksiąg cerkiewnych, gromadziły przede wszystkim leksykę religijną. Należy jednak zauważyć, że do przekładowej części leksykonów ich autorzy wprowadzali słownictwo ruskie należące do różnych grup tematycznych i rejestrów stylistycznych. W charakterze wyrazów hasłowych słownika Beryndy mogły występować również pożyczki polskie.
The Use of the Lexical Exponents of Hypothetical Modality in Polish and Lithuanian
Authors: Roszko Danuta
Published: January 2017

The Use of the Lexical Exponents of Hypothetical Modality in Polish and LithuanianIn this article the author focuses on the issue of hypothetical modality[1] in Polish and Lithuanian. A list of the basic exponents of hypothetical modality in both languages is presented. However, the focus is mainly placed on the lexical exponents. On the basis of one of the six groups, which describes a high degree of probability (H5), the differences between the use of the lexical exponents in both languages are examined. In the study, multilingual corpora resources, including The Polish-Lithuanian parallel corpus Clarin-PL., are utilized.[1] [In the academic literature, for the notion described herein, the term of epistemic modality is also used.  Nevertheless, in this paper I will continue to use the term of hypotheticality, which I borrowed from the studies on modality, conducted in Polish-Bulgarian cooperation (Slavic Institute of Polish Academy of Sciences and Institute for Bulgarian Language of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences).] O użyciu wykładników leksykalnych modalności hipotetycznej w językach polskim i litewskimW artykule autorka porusza zagadnienie modalności hipotetycznej[1]  w językach polskim i litewskim. Przedstawia wykaz podstawowych wykładników modalności hipotetycznej w obu językach. Główną uwagę skupia jednak na wykładnikach leksykalnych. Na przykładzie jednej z sześciu grup, opisującej wysoki stopień prawdopodobieństwa (H5), omawia różnice użycia wykładników leksykalnych w obu językach. W badaniach wykorzystuje wielojęzyczne zasoby korpusowe, w tym Polsko-litewski korpus równoległy Clarin-PL.[1] [W literaturze przedmiotu na oznaczenie opisywanych tu treści stosowany jest również termin epistemiczności. Niemniej jednak w tej pracy autorka pozostaje przy terminie hipotetyczności, który zapożycza z badań nad modalnością, prowadzonych we współpracy polsko-bułgarskiej (Instytut Slawistyki PAN i Instytut Języka Bułgarskiego BAN).]
NFLUX Satellite-Based Surface Radiative Heat Fluxes. Part I: Swath-Level Products
Authors: May Jackie C. , Rowley Clark , Barron Charlie N.
Published: January 2017

The Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) ocean surface flux (NFLUX) system originally provided operational near-real-time satellite-based surface state parameter and turbulent heat flux fields over the global ocean. This study extends the NFLUX system to include the production of swath-level shortwave and longwave radiative heat fluxes at the ocean surface. A companion paper presents the production of the satellite-based global gridded radiative heat flux analysis fields. The swath-level radiative heat fluxes are produced using the Rapid Radiative Transfer Model for Global Circulation Models (RRTMG), with the primary inputs of satellite-derived atmospheric temperature and moisture profiles and cloud information retrieved from the Microwave Integrated Retrieval System (MIRS). This study uses MIRS data provided for six polar-orbiting satellite platforms. Additional inputs to the RRTMG include sea surface temperature, aerosol optical depths, atmospheric gas concentrations, ocean surface albedo, and ocean surface emissivity. Swath-level shortwave flux estimates are converted into clearness index values, which are used in data assimilation because the clearness index values are less dependent on the solar zenith angle. The NFLUX swath-level shortwave flux, longwave flux, and clearness index estimates are produced for 1 May 2013–30 April 2014 and validated against observations from research vessel and moored buoy platforms. Each of the flux parameters compares well among the various satellites.
Inversion of Potential Vorticity Density
Authors: Egger Joseph , Hoinka Klaus-Peter , Spengler Thomas
Published: January 2017

Inversion of potential vorticity density with absolute vorticity and function η is explored in η coordinates. This density is shown to be the component of absolute vorticity associated with the vertical vector of the covariant basis of η coordinates. This implies that inversion of in η coordinates is a two-dimensional problem in hydrostatic flow.

Examples of inversions are presented for (θ is potential temperature) and (p is pressure) with satisfactory results for domains covering the North Pole. The role of the boundary conditions is investigated and piecewise inversions are performed as well. The results shed new light on the interpretation of potential vorticity inversions.
Soil Moisture Influence on Seasonality and Large-Scale Circulation in Simulations of the West African Monsoon
Authors: Berg Alexis , Lintner Benjamin , Findell Kirsten , Giannini Alessandra
Published: January 2017

Prior studies have highlighted West Africa as a regional hotspot of land–atmosphere coupling. This study focuses on the large-scale influence of soil moisture variability on the mean circulation and precipitation in the West African monsoon. A suite of six models from the Global Land–Atmosphere Coupling Experiment (GLACE)-CMIP5 is analyzed. In this experiment, model integrations were performed with soil moisture prescribed to a specified climatological seasonal cycle throughout the simulation, which severs the two-way coupling between soil moisture and the atmosphere. Comparison with the control (interactive soil moisture) simulations indicates that mean June–September monsoon precipitation is enhanced when soil moisture is prescribed. However, contrasting behavior is evident over the seasonal cycle of the monsoon, with core monsoon precipitation enhanced with prescribed soil moisture but early-season precipitation reduced, at least in some models. These impacts stem from the enhancement of evapotranspiration at the dry poleward edge of the monsoon throughout the monsoon season, when soil moisture interactivity is suppressed. The early-season decrease in rainfall with prescribed soil moisture is associated with a delayed poleward advancement of the monsoon, which reflects the relative cooling of the continent from enhanced evapotranspiration, and thus a reduced land–ocean thermal contrast, prior to monsoon onset. On the other hand, during the core/late monsoon season, surface evaporative cooling modifies meridional temperature gradients and, through these gradients, alters the large-scale circulation: the midlevel African easterly jet is displaced poleward while the low-level westerlies are enhanced; this enhances precipitation. These results highlight the remote impacts of soil moisture variability on atmospheric circulation and precipitation in West Africa.
Developing a Convective-Scale EnKF Data Assimilation System for the Canadian MEOPAR Project
Authors: Jacques Dominik , Chang Weiguang , Baek Seung-Jong , Milewski Thomas , Fillion Luc , Chung Kao-Shen , Ritchie Harold
Published: January 2017

This study discusses the construction of a high-resolution ensemble Kalman filter system (the HREnKF) developed for the Marine Environmental Observation Prediction and Response (MEOPAR) network. The HREnKF runs at a horizontal resolution of 2.5 km and is intended to provide forecasts at lead times up to 12 h. This system was adapted from the global EnKF system in operation at Environment and Climate Change Canada. As a first development step, only the most necessary modifications have been implemented. The changes include an hourly cycling frequency, smaller localization radii, and the explicit representation of microphysical processes. To assess its performance and orient future developments, the HREnKF was continuously cycled for a period of 12 days. Verification against surface observations reveals that the skill of the forecasts initialized from the HREnKF is comparable to that of control forecasts also integrated at a resolution of 2.5 km. A key component of this study is the comparison of correlation estimated from ensembles at resolutions of 2.5, 15, and 50 km. At 2.5 km, correlation lengths are smaller than those found at 15 and 50 km. These short correlation lengths demand a high observational density, which is not available over the west coast domain where the HREnKF was tested. The spatial and temporal variability of the correlations is also assessed for the HREnKF system. It is found that correlation patterns are complex and do not generally decrease monotonically away from the reference point around which they are estimated. This result is important as it indicates that separation distance may not be the ideal parameter to use as a basis for localization strategies.
A Biomechanical Study of a Novel Asymmetric 6-Strand Flexor Tendon Repair Using Porcine Tendons
Authors: Wong Yoke Rung , Tay Shian Chao
Published: January 2017

Background: This study evaluated the biomechanical performance of a novel asymmetric 6-strand flexor tendon repair technique without locking loops. Methods: Twenty porcine flexor tendons were equally repaired by using the asymmetric technique and compared with the modified Lim-Tsai repair technique. The ultimate tensile strength, load to 1-mm gap force, stiffness, and mechanism of failure were measured. Results: The asymmetric repair technique had significantly higher tensile strength (63.3 ± 3.7 N) than the modified Lim-Tsai repairs (46.7 ± 8.3 N). Conclusions: A novel flexor tendon repair technique with improved biomechanical performance may be available for use in flexor tendon repairs.
CML patients with deep molecular responses to TKI have restored immune effectors and decreased PD-1 and immune suppressors
Authors: Hughes Amy , Clarson Jade , Tang Carine , Vidovic Ljiljana , White Deborah L. , Hughes Timothy P. , Yong Agnes S. M.
Published: January 2017

Key Points

Increased immune suppressors and PD-1 abrogates effector responses in CML patients at diagnosis. Enhanced net effector immune responses and decreased PD-1 and immune suppressors may promote sustained deep molecular response in CML.
2017 ERS/ATS standards for single-breath carbon monoxide uptake in the lung
Authors: Graham Brian L. , Brusasco Vito , Burgos Felip , Cooper Brendan G. , Jensen Robert , Kendrick Adrian , MacIntyre Neil R. , Thompson Bruce R. , Wanger Jack
Published: January 2017

This document provides an update to the European Respiratory Society (ERS)/American Thoracic Society (ATS) technical standards for single-breath carbon monoxide uptake in the lung that was last updated in 2005. Although bothDLCO(diffusing capacity) andTLCO(transfer factor) are valid terms to describe the uptake of carbon monoxide in the lung, the termDLCOis used in this document. A joint taskforce appointed by the ERS and ATS reviewed the recent literature on the measurement ofDLCOand surveyed the current technical capabilities of instrumentation being manufactured around the world. The recommendations in this document represent the consensus of the taskforce members in regard to the evidence available for various aspects ofDLCOmeasurement. Furthermore, it reflects the expert opinion of the taskforce members on areas in which peer-reviewed evidence was either not available or was incomplete. The major changes in these technical standards relate toDLCOmeasurement with systems using rapidly responding gas analysers for carbon monoxide and the tracer gas, which are now the most common type ofDLCOinstrumentation being manufactured. Technical improvements and the increased capability afforded by these new systems permit enhanced measurement ofDLCOand the opportunity to include other optional measures of lung function.
Phase angle is associated with the length of ICU stay in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Polegato Bertha Furlan , Herrera Monique Aguilar , Pereira Bruna Letícia Buzati , Silva Renata Aparecida Candido , Gonçalves Andrea Freitas , Cavallari Karelin Alvisi , Costa Nara Aline , Tanni Suzana Erico , Azevedo Paula Schmidt , Dorna Mariana Souza , Zornoff Leonardo Antonio Mamede , de Paiva Sergio Alberto Rupp , Minicucci Marcos Ferreira
Published: January 2017

Background

The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between phase angle (PhA), sarcopenia, and the length of stay (LOS) in the coronary intensive care unit (ICU) in patients with non-ST acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS).

Methods

This was a prospective observational study that evaluated 80 patients with NSTE-ACS over the age of 18 years, admitted to the ICU from January to June 2014. Upon admission, the patients’ demographic information was recorded. Handgrip strength and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) were performed, and blood samples were taken within the first 72 h of admission. All of the patients were followed during their ICU stays.

Results

We evaluated 80 patients, five were excluded due to impossibility of assessing handgrip strength, and seven patients were not subjected to BIA. Thus, 68 patients with a mean age of 63.3 ± 13.1 years were included in the analysis. Among these patients, 60.1% were male, 27.9% of the patients had sarcopenia, 8.8% had LOSs ≥8 days, and median phase angle was 6.5 (6.1–7.3)°. Multiple logistic regression adjusted for age and gender revealed that PhA was not associated with the presence of sarcopenia. Additionally, PhA (OR 0.337; CI 95% 0.118–0.961; p = 0.04) but not sarcopenia (OR 0.517; CI 95% 0.055–4.879; p = 0.56) was associated with an increased LOS.

Conclusions

PhA is associated with LOS in patients with NSTE-ACS. Additionally, there was no association between PhA and sarcopenia.
Trends and prospects in mining geophysics
Authors: Paterson Norman R.
Published: January 2017

The importance of mining in Canada can be recognized from some rather impressive statistics. Almost $2 billion are spent annually by the industry in Canada, of which $600 million are on salaries. The mining industry promotes new rail routes (Chibougamau, Thompson, Mattagami, etc.) and provides 40% of all rail traffic. Mining products constitute 33% of Canada's exports.
Non-orthogonal central moments relaxing to a discrete equilibrium: A D2Q9 lattice Boltzmann model
Authors: De Rosis Alessandro
Published: January 2017

A novel D2Q9 lattice Boltzmann scheme based on the relaxation of central moments is presented. Differently from previous efforts, here we introduce a non-orthogonal basis of moments which relax to a discrete local equilibrium. Under these choices, our proposed model recovers exactly the BGK collision kernel if a unique relaxation rate is adopted. Numerical tests involving well-consolidated canonical problems highlight the excellent properties of the algorithm in terms of accuracy, convergence and stability. Moreover, our formulation shows an intelligible derivation and a simple practical implementation.
Deformity Poems and Other Nasties
Authors: Dickie Simon
Published: January 2017

This essay discusses two categories of eighteenth-century comic verse that were mainstream in their time but are now almost forgotten. They have little or nothing to do with the satiric traditions that dominate critical attention. Part 1 explores a mass of comic verse tales, direct descendants of the medieval fabliau. In the process, it explores a best-selling anthology of them, the Noble brothers' The Muse in Good Humour (1744–85), and the career of Matthew Prior, the greatest contemporary producer of this genre and by far the most prominent English poet between Dryden and Pope. While often offensive in content, eighteenth-century verse tales remain quick and colloquial, still leaping off the page after 250 years. Their easy tetrameter couplets and plain diction remind us that neoclassical strictures only stretched so far. Part 2 introduces a stranger and less-appealing set of texts: cruel poems about physical defects and disabilities. Few texts could be more alien to current norms about the eighteenth century as an Age of Sensibility. Yet these “deformity poems” were produced in vast quantities and in every conceivable form, from epigrams about squinters, to long and absurdly sentimental tales about hunchbacks in love. Both professionals and amateurs seem to have used them as technical exercises—as a way of amusing themselves and showing off their skill at mimetic versification. As such, deformity poems illustrate the everyday uses of verse in this culture: they were written by everyone, circulated in and out of print, and constantly adapted to new audiences and new occasions.
The Accidental President
Authors: Gurib-Fakim Ameenah
Published: January 2017

World Policy Journal speaks with Dr. Ameenah Gurib-Fakim, a biochemist who became the first female president of Mauritius. She discusses the importance of integrating science into politics, what prevents women from rising into positions of power, and how her country pulled off its "economic miracle."
Neither Truth nor Reconciliation
Authors: Sambhi Natalie
Published: January 2017

Natalie Sambhi, a research fellow at the Perth USAsia Centre, examines the violence in Indonesia in 1965-66, when an estimated 500,000 people were murdered. The Indonesian army, which instigated the slaughter, continues to prevent the country from reckoning with its bloody past. The impasse between survivors and the military establishment makes it difficult-even dangerous-to take steps toward a national reconciliation.
The Macrohistory of Microhistory
Authors: Cohen Thomas V.
Published: January 2017

In the classic microhistorical mode, this article begins with the tale of the author's quirky, accidental entry into microhistory. It then frames his own practice in the social history of the 1980s, before moving to an apologia for microhistory not as a field but as a practice. The article posits five further traits of microhistory: its insistence on the dense connectedness of things; its professed ignorance or very partial knowledge; its invitation to the reader to share doubt; its bridled intimacy with the elusive past; its half-baffled engagement with story as device and historical fact. The article then ponders the utility of microhistory for newer lines of inquiry since the linguistic turn flowed and began to ebb, considering agency, materiality, the body, the new spatial turn, experience, and time, and finally proposing the value of microhistory for the macroquestions of globalizing scholarship.
Microhistory and Microcosm: Chinese Migrants, Spanish Empire, and Globalization in Early Modern Manila
Authors: Gebhardt Jonathan
Published: January 2017

This article looks at the lives of don Pedro Quintero Tiangnio and don Juan Felipe Tiamnio, two migrants from southeastern China who became powerful and influential figures in Manila—both within Spanish colonial society and in the Chinese overseas community—during the late seventeenth century. Their life stories, set against the backdrop of an early modern “global city,” shed light on the cross-cultural interactions that were critical to early modern globalization, as they contributed to the cultivation of global trade and participated in the far-reaching projects of Spanish imperial expansion and Chinese overseas settlement. Applying the practices of microhistory to world history, the article uses a microscopic lens and focuses it on a microcosm, a locale (like early modern Manila) where people from different parts of the world came together, interacted, clashed, and ultimately coexisted with one another.
Propriedade psicológica, poder e intenção de compartilhar conhecimento
Authors: D'Arrigo Fernanda Pauletto , Bertolini Ana Virginia Albercini Giordani , Prantz Claudia , Dorion Eric Charles
Published: January 2017

O ambiente organizacional é cenário para o desenvolvimento de inúmeras relações de poder. O sentimento de poder pode estar relacionado à posição ocupada, a influência sobre os demais, além do conhecimento sobre os produtos, processos e rotinas da organização. O fato de deter conhecimento gera o sentimento de poder na organização e com isso, compartilhar este conhecimento pode criar a sensação de perda do poder. Por isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar a influência da propriedade psicológica na intenção de compartilhar este conhecimento com os demais membros e o sentimento de poder do indivíduo na organização. Para identificar tal influência, a pesquisa d e abordagem quantitativa descritiva, ouviu 89 diretores de uma associação de jovens empreendedores da região da Serra Gaúcha, no Rio Grande do Sul. A análise dos dados indica que a propriedade psicológica do conhecimento afeta a intenção de compartilhar conhecimento tácito e explícito com os demais membros da organização.
Influenciadores da Percepção de Eficácia do Boicote e Intenção de Boicotar
Authors: Cruz Breno De Paula Andrade , Botelho Delane
Published: January 2017

Este artigo investiga, por meio de um experimento, o efeito das variáveis Responsabilidade Social Corporativa (RSC), Gênero e Tipo de Bem na Percepção de Eficácia do Boicote (PEB) e Intenção de Boicotar (IB). Os resultados evidenciam que quanto menor a percepção de RSC do consumidor em relação a uma empresa, maior é a sua PEB e IB - ou seja, respectivamente, o consumidor percebe individualmente que o seu boicote é uma ação importante para que a empresa mude seu comportamento; e ele tem intenção de boicotar quando a empresa parece não ter uma orientação para RSC. Embora estudos evidenciem que mulheres estejam mais propensas a boicotar que homens, não houve aqui diferença de gênero em relação a PEB e IB nesta amostra. E o fato do produto analisado ser um produto de luxo não identificou-se menor PEB desse produto quando comparado a bens essenciais. Entretanto, verificou-se que a intenção de boicotar (IB) é maior para um bem essencial quando comparado a um bem de luxo. Ou seja, as características de um bem de luxo podem levar o consumidor a um conflito interno em relação ao boicote pelo fato do bem de luxo apresentar características peculiares que os tornam singulares.
Estratégias de poder de gestores intermediários no Brasil
Authors: Bastoni Marco Antonio , Tonelli Maria Jose , Silva Andre Luis
Published: January 2017

Os gestores intermediários têm sido responsávei, desde o início da industrialização, pela formação da classe média no Brasil. A perda do trabalho representa uma grande ameaça a esse grupo social, ao impactar a continuiade de uma condição econômica e social privilegiada num país desigual, como o Brasil. O objetivo desta pesquisa qualitativa, teórico-empírica, é discutir as estratégias de sobrevivência usadas por gestores intermediários em contexto organizacional. A base empírica de dados decorre de entrevistas em profundidade com quinze gestores intermediários atuantes em uma multinacional brasileira; uma empresa de capital misto luso-espanho-brasileiro; e uma multinacional norte-americana. Conclui-se que os gestores intermediários se utilizam de várias estratégias de poder, sendo patente o surgimento de redes de relacionamento informais, que são poderosas, por colocarem em ação regras e politicas corporativas qu estabelecem relacionamentos extracompanhia fortalecido pela troca de "favores".
Simulating Civil Disorder:AnAgent-based Modeling Approach
Authors: Kurland Justin , Chen Peng
Published: January 2017

This paper introduces a preliminary agent-based simulation model that seeks to analyze individual-level behaviors. The model is guided by theory and previous empirical studies on riot simulation. Data on the evolution of the contagion processamong assembled civilian agents is collected to better understand how the ratio of various civilian groups affectsriot development. Numerous variables including the severity of punishment in the form of increased jail sentences for activist civilian agents, the ratio of police to civilian agents, and various contagion thresholds among civilian agents are analyzed. Results from the simulation suggest among other thingsthat thegreaterthe density of activistcivilian agents attending public demonstrationsthe more powerful the contagion and the more quicklyapeaceful protest can be transformed into to a riotous mob. Additionally, increasing levels of guardianship in the form of policedecreases the likelihood of a riot occurring even when group emotions escalate.Limitations of the current model are discussed in addition to the findings, and the future direction of agent-based models on riot simulation.
An Introduction to Data Mining Applied to Health-Oriented Databases
Authors: Jesus M. A. , Estrela Vania
Published: January 2017

The application of data mining (DM) in healthcare is increasing. Healthcare organizations generate and collect large voluminous and heterogeneous information daily and DM helps to uncover some interesting patterns, which leads to the manual tasks elimination, easy data extraction directly from records, to save lives, to reduce the cost of medical services and to enable early detection of diseases. These patterns can help healthcare specialists to make forecasts, put diagnoses, and set treatments for patients in health facilities. This work overviews DM methods and main issues. Three case studies illustrate DM in healthcare applications: (i) In-Vitro Fertilization; (ii) Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR); and (iii) Organ transplantation.
Testing of Multithreaded Code under Deterministic and Predictable Environment
Authors: Alghamdi Mohammad , Alrifai Mohammed , Alsulbi Khalil , Alhalabi Wadee , Yousry Moustafa
Published: January 2017

This report focuses on the execution of multithreaded programs and finding bugs and errors in those programs. Testing is done to determine if the code written runs correctly or not. The report also covers comparison of traditional testing tools with the new and efficient systematic testing tool called CHESS. The repost explains in detail about the testing technique of CHESS including how it identifies and handles bugs in multithreaded programs. The various experiments performed using different outputs have also been discussed and their respective results have also been shown in order to determine the behavior of CHESS tool when it is provided random inputs. Using this input did not lead to non-deterministic test and the execution time increases exponentially.
The painful total ankle arthroplasty
Authors: Vulcano E. , Myerson M. S.
Published: January 2017

The last decade has seen a considerable increase in the use of in total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) to treat patients with end-stage arthritis of the ankle. However, the longevity of the implants is still far from that of total knee and hip arthroplasties.

The aim of this review is to outline a diagnostic and treatment algorithm for the painful TAA to be used when considering revision surgery.

Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:5–11.
Qualitative α-defensin test (Synovasure) for the diagnosis of periprosthetic infection in revision total joint arthroplasty
Authors: Sigmund I. K. , Holinka J. , Gamper J. , Staats K. , Böhler C. , Kubista B. , Windhager R.
Published: January 2017

Aims

The diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains demanding due to limitations of all the available diagnostic tests. The synovial fluid marker, α-defensin, is a promising adjunct for the assessment of potential PJI. The purpose of this study was to investigate the qualitative assessment of α-defensin, using Synovasure to detect or exclude periprosthetic infection in total joint arthroplasty.

Patients and Methods

We studied 50 patients (28 women, 22 men, mean age 65 years; 20 to 89) with a clinical indication for revision arthroplasty who met the inclusion criteria of this prospective diagnostic study. The presence of α-defensin was determined using the qualitative Synovasure test and compared with standard diagnostic methods for PJI. Based on modified Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) criteria, 13 cases were categorised as septic and 36 as aseptic revisions. One test was inconclusive.

Results

The Synovasure test achieved a sensitivity of 69% and a specificity of 94%. The positive and negative likelihood ratios were 12.46 and 0.33, respectively. A good diagnostic accuracy for PJI, with an area under the curve of 0.82, was demonstrated. Adjusted p-values using the method of Hochberg showed that Synovasure is as good at diagnosing PJI as histology (p = 0.0042) and bacteriology with one positive culture (p = 0.0327).

Conclusion

With its ease of use and rapid results after approximately ten minutes, Synovasure may be a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of PJI. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:66–72.
The quality of randomised controlled trials involving surgery from the hand to the elbow
Authors: Kim J. M. , Zimmerman R. M. , Jones C. M. , Muhit A. Al , Higgins J. P. , Means Jr K. R.
Published: January 2017

Aims

Our purpose was to determine the quality of current randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in hand surgery using standardised metrics.

Materials and Methods

Based on five-year mean impact factors, we selected the six journals that routinely publish studies of upper extremity surgery. Using a journal-specific search query, 62 RCTs met our inclusion criteria. Then three blinded reviewers used the Jadad and revised Coleman Methodology Score (RCMS) to assess the quality of the manuscripts.

Results

Based on the Jadad scale, 28 studies were of high quality and 34 were of low quality. Methodological deficiencies in poorly scoring trials included the absence of rate of enrolment, no power analysis, no description of withdrawal or dropout, and a failure to use validated outcomes assessments with an independent investigator.

Conclusion

A large number of RCTs in hand, wrist, and elbow surgery were of suboptimal quality when judged against the RCMS and Jadad scales. Even with a high level of evidence, study design and execution of RCTs should be critically assessed. Methodological deficiencies may introduce bias and lead to statistically underpowered studies. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:94–9.
Assessment of resuscitation as measured by markers of metabolic acidosis and features of injury
Authors: Weinberg D. S. , Narayanan A. S. , Moore T. A. , Vallier H. A.
Published: January 2017

Aims

The best time for definitive orthopaedic care is often unclear in patients with multiple injuries. The objective of this study was make a prospective assessment of the safety of our early appropriate care (EAC) strategy and to evaluate the potential benefit of additional laboratory data to determine readiness for surgery.

Patients and Methods

A cohort of 335 patients with fractures of the pelvis, acetabulum, femur, or spine were included. Patients underwent definitive fixation within 36 hours if one of the following three parameters were met: lactate < 4.0 mmol/L; pH ≥ 7.25; or base excess (BE) ≥ -5.5 mmol/L. If all three parameters were met, resuscitation was designated full protocol resuscitation (FPR). If less than all three parameters were met, it was designated an incomplete protocol resuscitation (IPR). Complications were assessed by an independent adjudication committee and included infection; sepsis; PE/DVT; organ failure; pneumonia, and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Results

In total, 66 patients (19.7%) developed 90 complications. An historical cohort of 1441 patients had a complication rate of 22.1%. The complication rate for patients with only one EAC parameter at the point of protocol was 34.3%, which was higher than other groups (p = 0.041). Patients who had IPR did not have significantly more complications (31.8%) than those who had FPR (22.6%; p = 0.078). Regression analysis showed male gender and injury severity score to be independent predictors of complications.

Conclusions

This study highlights important trends in the IPR and FPR groups, suggesting that differences in resuscitation parameters may guide care in certain patients; further study is, however, required. We advocate the use of the existing protocol, while research is continued for high-risk subgroups. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:122–7.
The epidemiology and trends in management of acute Achilles tendon ruptures in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Sheth U. , Wasserstein D. , Jenkinson R. , Moineddin R. , Kreder H. , Jaglal S. B.
Published: January 2017

Aims

The aims of this study were to establish the incidence of acute Achilles tendon rupture (AATR) in a North American population, to select demographic subgroups and to examine trends in the management of this injury in the province of Ontario, Canada.

Patients and Methods

Patients ≥ 18 years of age who presented with an AATR to an emergency department in Ontario, Canada between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2013 were identified using administrative databases. The overall and annual incidence density rate (IDR) of AATR were calculated for all demographic subgroups. The annual rate of surgical repair was also calculated and compared between demographic subgroups.

Results

A total of 27 607 patients (median age, 44 years; interquartile range 26 to 62; 66.5% male) sustained an AATR. The annual IDR increased from 18.0 to 29.3 per 100 000 person-years between 2003 and 2013. The mean IDR was highest among men between the ages of 40 and 49 years (46.0/100 000 person-years). The annual rate of surgical repair dropped from 20.1 in 2003 to 9.2 per 100 AATRs in 2013. There was a noticeable decline after 2009.

Conclusion

The incidence of AATR is increasing in Ontario, while the annual rate of surgical repair is decreasing. A sharp decline in the rate of surgical repair was noted after 2009. This coincided with the publication of several high-quality RCTs which showed similar outcomes for the ‘functional’ non-operative management and surgical repair. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2017;99-B:78–86.
Study of the influence of neighboring amino acids on proline conformation
Authors: Cancino Herrera Jose Elias , Noriega Salvador , Tilvaldyev Shehret , Montellano Alfredo Villanueva , Flores Ortega Alejandra
Published: January 2017

DFT calculations made at the B3LYP/6-31+G(d) level were used to investigate how the incorporation of a second amino acid into the backbone affects the conformational preferences of proline. Specifically, the this research studied the second amino acids L-proline and L-alanine and the trans isomerism of the peptide bonds. The lowest energy minimum has been found to have a different conformation for the two systems investigated; while the third presents a different conformation. The results obtained offer evidence of the influence of these systems on the conformational preference of proline.