bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
"Political empowerment of Iraqi women after 2005 (obstacles and solutions)"
Authors: Assist.Lect. Shahabaa Hikmat Elias
Published: September 2023

political empowerment is one of the important topics in society, which indicates the importance of political empowerment of women in the exercise of their political role, in a way that achieves progress and reform in Arab societies, and this naturally reflects on the impact of political empowerment on Iraqi women, through strengthening their position and participation in the political field and access To political decision-making positions, and if this indicates anything, then it indicates the desire and ability of Iraqi women to assume the full responsibility entrusted to them in this field as well as their enjoyment of political rights.

Based on this, the issue of political empowerment of Iraqi women goes beyond their exercise of political work in light of the constitution, Iraqi law, and the international framework, and includes respect for their presence, expression of their ideas, and their participation in official institutions in the state.

Many political, economic, and social factors have been reflected on the issue of political empowerment of Iraqi women after 2005, which is considered one of the most important challenges that Iraqi women face in their political work, especially after the political transformation in 2005, so it requires more efforts instead of finding solutions and getting rid of those challenges. Afflicting Iraqi women in their political work.

The research shows the conceptual approach to political empowerment as well as the motives for political and legal empowerment and the international framework. In addition to this, the political empowerment of Iraqi women in official institutions was presented, and the focus was on the most important obstacles and solutions to the political empowerment of Iraqi women.
PENGARUH BIAYA PEMELIHARAAN KENDARAAN TERHADAP PENDAPATAN (Studi pada PT.Andalas Galuh Praja Kawali Ciamis)
Authors: Rustendi Endang , Puspitasari Endah , Usmar Dani
Published: September 2023

Biaya pemelihraan kendaraan pada PT.Andalas Galuh Praja lebih bersifat fluktuatif. Faktor penyebab terjadinya fluktuatif pada umur kendaraan dikarenakan tidak stabilnya kendaraan yang beroperasi. Hal ini terlihat dari besarnya biaya pemelihraan kendaraan yang dikeluarkan PT.Andalas Galuh Praja. Sehingga pemelihraan kendaraan pada setiap tahunnya tidak sama dan akan berdampak pada naik turunnya pendapatan yang diterima. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) bagaimana biaya pemeliharaan kendaraan di perusahaan, (2) bagaimana pendapatan di perusahaan           (3) bagaimana pengaruh biaya pemeliharaan kendaraan terhadap pendapatan pada Perusahaan PT.Andalas Galuh Praja. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitis dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui data primer yaitu data yang diperoleh langsung dari sumber data dimana penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Perusahaan PT.Andalas Galuh Praja dan data sekunder yaitu data yang diperoleh dari sumber-sumber literatur yang berkaitan dengan penelitian. Teknik analisis data meliputi analisis koefisien korelasi, analisis koefisien determinasi dan pengujian hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kenaikan biaya pemeliharaan kendaraan akan mempengaruhi pendapatan sebesar 81,00% pada Perusahaan PT.Andalas Galuh Praja. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian diketahui bahwa nilai t hitung lebih besar dari t tabel (3,576 >3,182). t hitung diperoleh 3,76. Artinya terdapat pengaruh biaya pemeliharaan kendaraan terhadap pendapatan  dapat diterima dan teruji kebenarannya.
Identification of Flavonoid Compounds in Ethanol Extract of Majapahit plant (Crescentia cujete) Leaves and their Potential as Anticancer
Authors: Martha Rahma Diyan , Fatimah Fatimah , Danar Danar , Parbuntari Hesty
Published: September 2023

The Majapahit plant is commonly found in Indonesia but is rarely used due to a lack of information about its potential. One of the secondary metabolites commonly found in this plant are flavonoids. Therefore, this study aims to determine the distribution of flavonoid compounds in the Majapahit plant, particularly their potential as anticancer activty. Leaf material from Majapahit plants was extracted using the maceration technique, while the flavonoid compounds in the extract were identified using LCMS (Shimadzu LCMS-8040 LC/MS). The identification results showed that about 97 compounds were detected, including 14 flavonoids. The flavonoid compounds found include Quercetin, Chlorogenic acid, Kaempferol 3-O rhamnoside, Acacetin 7-rutinoside, Fortunellin, Kaempferol 3-[6”-(3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutarl) glucoside], Didymin, Diosmin, Hesperidin, Rutin, Citrusoside C, Citrusoside D, Narirutin 4'-glucoside, and Kaempferol 3-[6”-(3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl)glucoside] -7-glucoside. The highest composition of the identified flavonoid compounds was found in Kaempferol 3-O rhamnoside, with a 3.90%
Pengembangan E-module Menggunakan Aplikasi Flip Pdf Professional Pada Materi Fungsi Komposisi
Authors: Adelia Febri Nanda , Rahmi Rahmi , Melisa Melisa
Published: September 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk merancangE-module dengan aplikasi Flip Pdf Professional yang valid dan praktis ditinjau dari kemandirian belajar oleh siswa.Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X IPS SMAN 1 X Koto Kabupaten Tanah Datar. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan dengan model ADDIE dengan tahapan sebagai berikut yakni tahap Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation dan Evaluation. Instrumen penelitian adalah angket validasi, angket uji praktikalitas dan angket kemandirian belajar siswa.Berdasarkan hasil penilaian validator yaitu pakar media dan pakar materi diperoleh persentase penilaian akhir kevalidan media pembelajaran 89% dengan kategori sangat valid. Nilai akhir uji coba kepraktisan dengan guru dan siswa diperoleh persentase 86,47% dengan kategori sangat praktis, hasil uji kemandirian belajar siswa diperoleh nilai rata-rata 74,17% dengan kategori mandiri. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa E-module menggunakan aplikasi Flip Pdf Professional pada materi komposisi fungsi dan fungsi invers sudah layak digunakan
Analisis Bibliometrik: Tren Penelitian Etnomatematika dalam Pembelajaran Matematika Di Indonesia (2017 – 2022)
Authors: Muhammad Ilham , Marchy Febrinna , Naser Abdurrahman do muhamad , Turmudi Turmudi
Published: September 2023

Etnomatematika telah menjadi tren dalam bidang Pendidikan budayaserta melestarikan keberadaan nilai – nilai budaya dimasa depan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tren dan mengidentifikasi publikasi terkait etnomatematika dalam Pembelajaran Matematika. Tren publikasi yang memiliki jumlah dokumen terbanyak, klasifikasi peringkat lembaga atau universitas, jurnal dan dokumen serta penggunaan keyword bersama dengan menggunakan database dari google scholar. Metode yang digunakan adalah analisis bibliometrik. Sebanyak 246 dokumen yang terkumpul dari aplikasi Publish or Perish (PoP) menggunakan database google scholar yang kemudian disatukan dalam 1 file dengan format RIS dan dimasukkan kedalam aplikasi VOSviewer untuk mendapatkan network visualization dan overlay visualization. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tren publikasi terkait etnomatematika dalam Pembelajaran Matematika di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya (2017-2022). Adapun jumlah dokumen terbanyak yaitu pada lembaga “Indraprasta PGRI University”, pada jurnal “Jurnal Cendekia Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika”, pada artikel (Hardiarti, 2017). Permainan menjadi keyword etnomatematika yang paling banyak digunakan, Keyword yang menjadi tema baru adalah pengembangan modul, video pembelajaram kearifan lokal, dan ornamen masjid.
Pengembangan LKPD Berbasis Pendekatan Realistic Mathematics Education
Authors: Chandra Asnul , Hidayati Abna
Published: September 2023

LKPD merupakan salah satu bahan ajar yang berperan sebagai pendukung dalam proses belajar. LKPD dapat digunakan untuk meringankan tugas guru, dan mengaktifkan siswa dalam proses belajar. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mengembangkan LKPD berbasis pendekatan RME. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan atau Research and Development dengan menggunakan model pengembangan 4-D (Define, Design, Develop, Desseminate). Pengolahan data  dari penelitian ini dianalisis menggunakan lembar validasi, lembar praktikalitas, dan soal tes. Lembar validasi digunakan untuk mengetahui kelayakan LKPD berbasis pendekatan RME. Lembar praktikalitas digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan apakah LKPD berbasis pendekatan RME mudah dan efesien untuk digunakan. Soal tes digunakan untuk menghitung seberapa efektivitas dari LKPD berbasis pendekatan RME dapat diaplikasikan dalam prooses pembelajaran. Berdasarkan hasil validasi ditemukan bahwa rata-rata penilaian dari validator sebesar 89 dengan sangat valid. Hasil respon praktikalitas pembelajaran secara keseluruhan diperoleh skor 105, rata-rata 92, dengan kategori sangat praktis. Hasil perhitungan score N-Gain adalah 75% dengan kriteria sangat efektif. Maka dari itu, pengembangan LKPD berbasis pendekatan RME dinyatakan valid, praktis dan efektif untuk digunakan di kelas II SD sebagai bahan ajar tambahan saat belajar matematika.
Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Matematika Berbasis Discovery Learning Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Peserta Didik SMP Kelas VIII
Authors: Yuswar Tarinur , Asmar Ali , Arnawa I Made
Published: September 2023

Tujuan matematika yang wajib dikuasai pelajar salah satunya ialah pemecahan masalah. Tetapi dalam praktiknya, siswa mengalami kesukaran menyelesaikan masalah matematik. Tujuan penelitian ini meluaskan alat pembelajaran matematika berdasarkan discovery learning yang sahih, mudah dan tepat guna dalam meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah Karena itu, kami meluaskan alat pembelajaran tipe discovery learning yang diharapkan dapat menaikkan keterampilan pemecahan masalah matematika pelajar, dan penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang menerapkan model pengembangan Plomp. 3 fase Plomp yaitu fase penelitian, fase protoype dan fase penilaian. Subjek penelitian ini adalah pelajar kelas VIII SMPN 34 Padang. Pada tahap penelitian  dilakukan analisis kebutuhan, analisis kurikulum, analisis karakteristik pelajar dan analisis konsep. Disaat bentuk dasar dirancang RPP dan LKS berbasis discovery leraning, kemudian dilakukan penilaian formatif untuk mengetahui validitas dan kepraktisan produk. Pada tahap penilaian dilakukan evaluasi dengan uji kepraktisan dan keefektifan yang terbatas. Data kepraktisan diambil dari lembar pelaksanaan RPP, angket kepraktisan guru, angket kepraktisan pelajar. Data keefektifan diperoleh dari hasil belajar pelajar berupa tes akhir untuk melihat seberapa baik pelajar dapat memecahkan masalah matematika. Hasil penelitian ini valid dan praktis. Valid karena memenuhi kriteria valid baik konten maupun desain. Praktis sebab mudah digunakan dan dipahami
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Adaptif Dengan Teknik Detour Untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konsep Matematika Peserta Didik
Authors: Putra I Kadek Jeki Lesmana , Ardana I Made , Suweken Gede
Published: September 2023

Penggunaan media pembelajaran yang dapat mengakomodasi keberagaman gaya belajar dan kemampuan peserta didik sangat dibutuhkan dalam pembelajaran yang berpusat kepada peserta didik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan produk media pembelajaran adaptif dengan teknik detour terkait materi kaidah pencacahan yang valid, praktis dan efektif untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep matematika peserta didik. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik media dan pelaksanaan pembelajaran menggunakan media adaptif. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian desain dengan menggunakan model Plomp yang terdiri dari 3 fase, yaitu tahap studi pendahuluan, pengembangan prototipe, dan penilaian. Metode yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah observasi, wawancara, angket dan tes. Hasil uji validitas produk menunjukkan bahwa media memiliki nilai validitas 3,48 yang berada dalam kategori valid. Rata rata skor keterlaksanaan memperoleh skor 3,58 dan mencapai kategori sangat praktis, rata rata skor respon peserta didik 3,47 pada kategori praktis dan rata rata skor respon guru 3,75 pada kategori sangat praktis. Hasil uji efektivitas dari hasil tes pemahaman konsep memperoleh skor 96,47 berada pada kriteria tuntas dengan persentase ketuntasan 100%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa media pembelajaran adaptif dengan teknik detour pada materi kaidah pencacahan berkualitas valid, praktis dan efektif dalam meningkatkan pemahaman konsep matematika peserta didik.
Kepraktisan Penggunaan Laboraturium Virtual Dengan Pendekatan STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering And Mathematics) Di Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Dewi Mera Putri , Fitria Yanti
Published: September 2023

The purpose of this study is to describe the practicality of developing virtual laboratories in thematic learning with the STEM approach in elementary schools. The research conducted is development research. The development model used is 4D (define, design, develop, and disseminate. This data collection technique uses practicality test questionnaires by educators and uses student response questionnaires in individual, small group, and limited group trials. The data in this practical instrument is then analyzed quantitatively by carrying out calculations using the practicality formula.Based on the results of the practicality test the virtual laboratory that was developed was included in the very practical category with the percentage of practicality tests obtained by educators obtaining an average total score of 87.64%.Group trials conducted on three people students obtained an average total score of 89.89%, small group trials consisting of 6 students obtained an average total score of 84.10%. Furthermore, limited group trials were conducted on 20 students obtaining an average total score of 91.94% It can betconcludedtthat the virtual laboratory d developed already meet the very practical criteria
Learning Obstacle Materi Volume Bangun Ruang Sisi Datar Prisma Segitiga Pembelajaran Matematika Kelas V SdN 80 Palembang
Authors: Portuna Nanda Dwi Ayu , Fuadiah Nyiayu Fahriza , Surmilasari Nora
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hambatan belajar (learning obstacle) yang dialami peserta didik kelas V (A) SDN 80 Palembang pada materi volume prisma segitiga. Adapun jenis learning obstacle yang menjadi fokus dalam penelitian ini yaitu ontogenic learning obstacle, epistemological learning obstacle dan didactical learning obstacle. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif sebagai metode penelitian. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas VA SDN 80 Palembang. Learning obstacle diperoleh berdasarkan hasil analisis RPP, bahan ajar, hasil tes diagnostik learning obstacle materi volume prisma segitiga dan hasil wawancara peneliti dengan guru dan peserta didik.   Hasil penelitian ditemukan learning obstacle berupa epistemological learning obstacle ontogenic learning obstacle dan didactical learning obstacle. 1) Jenis learning obstacle yang dialami peserta didik yaitu keterbatasan konteks dalam memahami konsep materi volume bangun ruang prisma segitiga yang termasuk kedalam epistemological learning obstacle ; 2) learning obstacle yang terkait perangkat pembelajaran baik itu dari RPP, bahan ajar maupun pengajaran dari guru yang termasuk kedalam didactical learning obstacle dan 3) Ontogenical learning obstacle yang terlihat pada penelitian ini yaitu peserta didik kurang memahami konsep materi volume bangun ruang sisi datar prisma segitiga yang dapat dilihat dari bahwa sebagian besar siswa belum mampu membedakan bangun datar dan bangun ruang
Pengembangan Lembar Kerja Siswa Berbasis Learning Circle 5e Menggunakan Geogebra Untuk Melatih Kemampuan Representasi Matematis
Authors: Wulandari Kathrin Nur , Syamsuri Syamsuri , Fathurrohman Maman , Novaliyosi Novaliyosi
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar berbantuan Geogebra yang valid, praktis dan efektif untuk melatih kemampuan representasi siswa melalui pembelajaran 5e. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan prosedur 4D yang telah dimodifikasi yaitu tahap pendefinisian, perancangan, dan pengembangan. Instrumen penelitian terdiri dari lembar validasi ahli untuk menilai kevalidan, kuesioner respons siswa untuk menilai kepraktisan dan keefektifan LKS dan applet Geogebra. Penelitian ini menghasilkan LKS berbantuan Geogebra berbasis pembelajaran 5e untuk melatih kemampuan representasi siswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar berbantuan Geogebra valid melalui penilaian dari ahli materi mendapatkan rata-rata skor 4.93 dari skor maksimal 5 dengan kriteria sangat baik dan ahli media mendapatkan rata-rata skor 4.00 dari skor maksimal 5 dengan kriteria sangat baik. Angket respon siswa diperoleh rata-rata skor 2.95 dari skor maksimal 4 yang menunjukkan bahan ajar hasil pengembangan memiliki kualitas praktis dengan kriteria baik. Secara keseluruhan LKS yang dikembangkan dinilai valid, praktis dan efektif untuk pembelajaran, sehingga layak digunakan dalam pembelajaran matematika di tingkat SMA.
Analisis Bibliometrik Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah Terhadap Berpikir Kritis Matematis Siswa Pada Publikasi Ilmiah Menggunakan VOSviewer
Authors: Kurniawan Ilham , Humaira Humaira , Akbar Muhammad Rifqi , Mahesa Salwa , Rahmawati Andira , Nafisah Zuhrufatun , Muntazhimah Muntazhimah
Published: September 2023

Salah satu inovasi model pembelajaran pada penelitian sebelumnya memperlihatkan adanya hubungan yang erat terkait Problems based Learing dengan kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis. Problem Based Learning (PBL) atau dalam bahasa Indonesia yaitu Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah  merupakan inovasi dalam pembelajaran karena dalam Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah (PBM) kemampuan berpikir siswa betul-betul dioptimalisasikan melalui proses kerja kelompok atau tim yang sistematis, sehingga siswa dapat memberdayakan, mengasah, menguji dan mengembangkan kemampuan berpikirnya secara berkesinambungan. Penelitian ini dikembangkan melalui analisis bibliometrik data yang diekstraksi dari database Google scholar dengan pengumpulan data menggunakan media Publish or Perish (PoP) dan visualisai data menggunakan VOSviewer. Metadata untuk 300  artikel  model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning pada kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa yang diekstrak dari database Google Cendekia menggunakan perangkat lunak Publish or Perish (PoP). Artikel ini diterbitkan hingga 2022. Kemudian kami menggunakan perangkat lunak VOSviewer untuk melakukan visualisasi jaringan, overlay, dan kepadatan. Hasil yang di dapat berdasarkan data yang terkumpul menyatakan bahwa masih sangat besar kemungkinan untuk memperdalam penelitian terkait Problem Based Learning dan kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa.
Kompetensi Strategis Siswa SMP dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Matematika
Authors: Fachruddin Achmad , Juniati Dwi , Rahadjeng Budi
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kompetensi strategis siswa SMP peraih medali olimpiade matematika internasional dalam menyelesaikan masalah matematika khususnya pada topik aljabar. Kompetensi strategis merupakan kemampuan siswa dalam merumuskan, merepresentasikan, dan menyelesaikan masalah. Subjek penelitian adalah satu siswa laki-laki dan satu siswa perempuan SMP sederajat yang pernah mendapatkan medali olimiade matematika di tingkat internasional baik medali emas, perak, maupun perunggu dalam 2 tahun terakhir.  Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui tugas pemecahan masalah, wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Indikator yang dinilai mencakup merumuskan, merepresentasikan dan memecahkan masalah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada tahap merumuskan masalah, kedua subjek membaca dan membayangkan situasi dan kondisi dari permasalahan yang ada, subjek laki-laki tidak menuliskan pada lembar jawaban tentang informasi apa saja yang diketahui di soal, sedangkan subjek perempuan menuliskan dengan lengkap informasi yang diketahui di soal. Pada tahap merepresentasikan, subjek laki-laki menuliskan dalam bentuk simbol atau sketsa matematis sedangkan subjek perempuan menuliskan semua kemungkinan bentuk aljabar yang memenuhi. Pada tahap memecahkan masalah, subjek laki-laki cenderung menggunakan cara yang lebih singkat dan efektif, sedangkan subjek perempuan bekerja lebih runtut dan rinci yaitu mendaftar semua kemungkikan biaya yang harus dikeluarkan, kedua subjek mendapatkan jawaban yang sama dan benar.
Analisis Potensi Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro di Sungai Patihan Kabupaten Madiun
Authors: Syah Ardian , Sunaryantiningsih Ina , Sari Churnia
Published: September 2023

Air merupakan sumber energi terbarukan yang menjadi kebutuhan masyarakat. Sudah selayaknya air dikembangkan untuk kebutuhan seperti listrik. Contohnya adalah air sungai yang dikembangkan menjadi pembangkit listrik tenaga mikrohidro. Sungai Patihan merupakan sungai yang berlokasi di Kabupaten Madiun, Provinsi Jawa Timur, Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui potensi dari Air Sungai Patihan untuk dijadikan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro (PLTMH). Perhitungan analisa  dilakukan terhadap debit air, tinggi jatuh efektif, potensi daya listrik yang bisa dihasilkan di Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro (PLTMH). Analisa akan melalui metode observasi lalu dimasukkan ke rumus yang akan digunakan untuk mengukur data debit air, tinggi jatuh air, daya listrik Setelah itu akan dilakukan perbandingan perhitungan menggunakan software. Software yang digunakan adalah Homer. Hasil dari perhitungan manual didapatkan rata-rata potensi daya sebesar 741 kW, sedangkan perhitungan menggunakan perhitungan simulasi software Homer didapatkan rata-rata potensi daya sebesar 742,2 kW. Setelah dilakukan perhitungan manual dan software lalu terdapat selisih. Perhitungan manual dan menggunakan software Homer terdapat perbedaan 1,2 kW.
In Silico Screening and Evolution of Promising Novel Anti-Virulents Against Salmonella ATPase
Authors: Xu Lexi , Shen Norah
Published: September 2023

Our current treatments for bacterial infections are under threat by the growth of antibiotic resistance in many different pathogens. Of these pathogens, Salmonella is a particularly widespread microbe, infecting over a million people annually as the leading source of food-borne diseases. One potential solution for antibiotic-resistant Salmonella is virulence inhibition of the bacteria’s T3SS injection system, which has been shown to destroy Salmonella’s proliferative abilities. Here, we identify fourteen compounds, primarily novel ligands, that exhibit high in-vitro potential as Salmonella inhibitors by attacking the ATPase InvC protein vital for T3SS injection–an enzyme that has not been previously evaluated for small-molecule inhibition. We also present a statistical analysis of AutoGrow4, a virtual structure-based molecular design tool that evolves ligands to better suit a target protein using Autodock Vina binding affinity calculations. Together, these create an entirely open-source workflow towards computational identification and evaluation of novel chemical treatments.
Cerium oxide catalyzed disproportionation of hydrogen per-oxide: a closer look at the reaction intermediate
Authors: Finocchiaro Giusy , Ju Xiaohui , Mezghrani Braham , Berret Jean-Francois
Published: September 2023

Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs) have recently gained increasing interest as redox enzyme-mimetics to scavenge the intracellular excess of reactive oxygen species, including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Despite the extensive exploration of CNP scavenging activity, there remains a notable knowledge gap regarding the fundamental mechanism underlying the CNP catalyzed disproportionation of H2O2. In this Letter, we present evidence demonstrating that H2O2 ad-sorption at CNP surface triggers the formation of stable intermediates known as cerium-peroxo complexes (Ce-O22-). The cerium-peroxo complexes can be resolved by Raman scatter-ing and UV-Visible spectroscopy. We further demonstrate that the catalytic reactivity of CNPs in the H2O2 disproportionation reaction increases with the Ce(III) fraction. The developed ap-proach using UV-Visible spectroscopy for the characterization of Ce-O22- complexes can poten-tially serve as a foundation for determining the catalytic reactivity of CNPs in the dispropor-tionation of H2O2.
Optical and EPR Detection of a Triplet Ground State Phenyl Nitrenium Ion
Authors: Qiu Yunfan , Du Lili , Cady Sarah , Phillips David , Winter Arthur
Published: September 2023

Nitrenium ions are important reactive intermediates participating in synthetic chemistry and biological processes. Phenyl nitrenium ions (Ph-NH+) typically have closed-shell singlet ground states with large singlet–triplet energy gaps, while little is known of triplet nitrenium ions regarding their reactivity, lifetimes, spectroscopic signatures, and electronic configurations. In this work, m-pyrrolidinyl-phenyl hydrazine hydrochloride (1) is synthesized as the photoprecursor to photochemically generate the corresponding m-pyrrolidinyl-phenyl nitrenium ion (2), which is computed to adopt a π,π* triplet ground state. A combination of femtosecond (fs-) and nanosecond (ns-) transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy, cryogenic continuous-wave electronic paramagnetic resonance (CW-EPR) spectroscopy, computational analysis, and photoproduct studies, elucidated the complete photolysis pathway of this photoprecursor and offers the first direct experimental detection of a ground state triplet nitrenium ion. Upon photoexcitation, 1 is optically pumped to singlet excited states, followed by internal conversion (IC) to S1 on the sub-picosecond timescale, where bond heterolysis occurs and the NH3 leaving group is extruded in 1.8 ps, generating a vibrationally-hot, spin-conserving closed-shell singlet phenyl nitrenium ion (12) that undergoes vibrational cooling in 19 ps. Subsequent intersystem crossing (ISC) takes place in 534 ps, yielding the ground state triplet phenyl nitrenium ion (32), with a lifetime of 0.8 μs. Unlike electrophilic singlet phenyl nitrenium ions, this triplet phenyl nitrenium reacts through sequential H atom abstractions, resulting in the eventual formation of the reduced m-pyrrolidinyl-aniline as the predominant stable photoproduct. Supporting the triplet ground state, continuous irradiation of 1 in a glassy matrix at 80 K forms a paramagnetic species consistent with the triplet nitrenium ion by cryogenic CW-EPR spectroscopy.
Cation Dynamics as Structure Explorer in Hybrid Perovskites – the Case of MAPbI3
Authors: Drużbicki Kacper , Gila-Herranz Pablo , Marin-Villa Pelayo , Gaboardi Mattia , Armstrong Jeff , Fernandez-Alonso Felix
Published: September 2023

Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites exhibit remarkable potential as cost-effective and high-efficiency materials for photovoltaic applications. Their exceptional chemical tunability opens further routes for optimizing their optical and electronic properties through structural engineering. Nevertheless, the extraordinary softness of the lattice, stemming from its interconnected organic-inorganic composition, unveils formidable challenges in their structural characterization. Here, by focusing on the quintessential methylammonium lead triiodide, MAPbI3, we combine first-principles modeling with high-resolution neutron scattering data to identify the key stationary points on its shallow potential energy landscape. This combined experimental and computational approach enables us to benchmark the performance of a collection of semi-local exchange-correlation functionals and to track the local distortions of the perovskite framework, hallmarked by the inelastic neutron scattering response of the organic cation. By conducting a thorough examination of structural distortions, we introduce the IKUR-PVP-1 structural dataset. This dataset contains nine mechanically stable structural models, each manifesting a distinct vibrational response. IKUR-PVP-1 constitutes a valuable resource for assessing the thermal behavior in the low-temperature perovskite phase. In addition, it paves the way for the development of accurate force fields, enabling a comprehensive understanding of the interplay between structure and dynamics in MAPbI3 and related hybrid perovskites.
Two domains of Tim50 coordinate translocation of proteins across the two mitochondrial membranes
Authors: Genge Marcel G , Roy Chowdhury Shalini , Dohnálek Vít , Yunoki Kaori , Hirashima Takashi , Endo Toshiya , Doležal Pavel , Mokranjac Dejana
Published: September 2023

Hundreds of mitochondrial proteins with N-terminal presequences are translocated across the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes via the TOM and TIM23 complexes, respectively. How translocation of proteins across two mitochondrial membranes is coordinated is largely unknown. Here, we show that the two domains of Tim50 in the intermembrane space, named core and PBD, both have essential roles in this process. Building upon the surprising observation that the two domains of Tim50 can complement each otherin trans, we establish that the core domain contains the main presequence-binding site and serves as the main recruitment point to the TIM23 complex. On the other hand, the PBD plays, directly or indirectly, a critical role in cooperation of the TOM and TIM23 complexes and supports the receptor function of Tim50. Thus, the two domains of Tim50 both have essential but distinct roles and together coordinate translocation of proteins across two mitochondrial membranes.
Methodological Studies of G. I. Medvedev
Authors:   Irkutsk State University, Volosova E. B.
Published: September 2023

The article deals with the methodological concept of the Siberian archaeologist G. I. Medvedev. The central element of his thoughts was the analysis of the features of the archaeological material. He thought quite original for his time, questioning the main thesis of Soviet archaeology about an archaeological object as an objective source of sociohistorical information. The artifact indicates only the fact of the activity and the time of stay of the subjects of the ancient society, and also provides information about the “physically reliable” parameters. It turns out that any social reconstructions, even of the functions of fossil artifacts, are conjectural, and sometimes fantastic. The rationale for this conclusion is based on an understanding of the specific conditions for the formation of artifacts. This conclusion logically led to the interest of Medvedev, a scientist and methodologist, in the question of how to ensure the reliability of the knowledge produced by archaeologists. His research in this area led him to the project “geoarchaeology”. Medvedev's methodological concept has been formed for several decades and has been presented in scientific papers of different years. In the 1970s, the author and a group of like-minded people in the archaeological laboratory of the Irkutsk State University accumulated experience in conducting morphological and technological studies of stone and ceramics, offered justification for their compliance with the features of archaeological sites. In the candidate's and then doctoral dissertations, practical experience was collected and comprehended, some theoretical ideas were formulated. Even then, Medvedev identified two areas of his research – geoarchaeological and cultural-historical, dividing them not only by subject, but also by the degree of reliability of the results. In the 1990s and 2000s, there was a comprehension and theoretical formulation of the concept of geoarchaeology, which Medvedev considered as a condition for overcoming the difficulties of archaeological knowledge, achieving reliability, objectivity, and reliability of the knowledge produced. The elements of this concept can be considered the definition of geoarchaeology as a science, the definition of its subject area and cognitive boundaries, the analysis of geoarchaeological objects and directions of their study, the identification of the structure and methods of research, the concept of “recognition threshold”, the steps of presenting the author's conclusions.
Assessment of Ukrainians perceptions toward European Union values: empirical results
Authors: Nosova O.
Published: September 2023

The paper aims to assess changes in the public perceptions of European Union values in Ukraine in the conditions of external aggression. It explores how conflict escalation affects the public views in different groups, and changes attitudes and beliefs regarding adopting European Union values in society. The paper analyses the concepts of value and demonstrates the devaluation of cultural and social values in some population groups. The methodology applies a survey based on online interviews and descriptive statistics methods. The Schwartz methodology in the World Values Survey 2020 is used to create a survey questionnaire. An online survey of Ukrainians’ worldviews of European Union values perceptions was conducted for Ukrainian citizens in all regions except for the territories, occupied in 2022. The survey results highlight the trend of commitment of a major part of Ukrainian citizens to European Union values. The research demonstrates the inconsistencies in the importance and satisfaction of social values and stereotypes, compliance with the law, personal freedom and human rights, level of economic freedom, and commitment to European integration. These contradictions will be resolved through the development of favorable conditions and of beliefs and convictions of people that support the adoption and dissemination of European values.
Drugs: Stages of drug development and methods to control the high usage of drugs
Authors: Jyoti  , Bhumika Tuli , Santosh Kumar
Published: September 2023

Drug development is a complex and lengthy process that involves several stages, from the discovery of a potential drug molecule to its approval for marketing and distribution to patients. The drug development process typically takes several years and involves extensive testing and evaluation to ensure the safety and efficacy of the drug. All the possible effects based on drugs, such as addiction, drug abuse, alcohol use, drug development, drug discovery, and the use of drugs by students, are studied in this paper. This paper discusses how the rating of drug use changes over time and how to control it. This crucial information has been presented in this paper to regulate individual's use of drugs and reduce the world's susceptibility to drugs.
A literature review on vaccine hesitancy, acceptance, and anti-vaccination trends and future prospects for public health
Authors: Kashif Khan , Uzma Bibi , Shafaat Ullah
Published: September 2023

It is conceivable that not immunizing a child endangers both the child and others. If an outbreak occurs, the unvaccinated child is at risk. Smallpox, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, yellow fever, measles, and polio are some diseases that have been successfully controlled through vaccines. Vaccines have also played a crucial role in avoiding several illnesses. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have recommended and demonstrated the safety and efficacy of these vaccinations. The number of doses required to provide optimal vaccination protection is a crucial component in determining the efficacy of a vaccine. Vaccines against infectious diseases have been shown to be successful throughout history, and several studies have demonstrated their safety and efficacy. However, the number of children who do not get vaccines is increasing. There are several reasons why parents choose not to vaccinate their children, including health concerns, financial restrictions, religious convictions, and a lack of faith in science and immunizations. This review begins with the methodology of conducting a literature search to obtain relevant data for the study. Google Scholar, PubMed, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) were used as search databases. The entire review has three parts, such as vaccines from the past to the present, reasons for avoiding vaccines, and the problem of non-vaccination. An organized search strategy was employed to collect literature from PubMed, CINAHL, and Google Scholar. Boolean operators (AND/OR) were used to extract relevant publications. Publications were retrieved after applying certain filters, such as a time frame of ten years, full text availability, English language, and studies involving human subjects. For theoretical literature, the PMC library and Pakinet were searched. Subsequently, some studies were excluded based on irrelevance after reading the abstract and full article and checking for duplication. Most of the studies included in the review were conducted in Western countries, with a few from Asia and one from Pakistan. The literature search utilized the MESH typology.
Antifungal activities of Lactobacillus brevis strain NCTC13768 isolated from
"budu fish" against spoilage fungi in dried fish
Authors: Yusra  , Yempita E. , Ainul M. , Nurul H.
Published: September 2023

Fungi contamination of foods including raw and processed fish results in deterioration of
food quality. The use of biological agents in the form of microbes containing antifungal
activities is a promising solution and is essential to study. This study aimed to determine
the antifungal activities of the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from "budu fish", a type
of fermented dried fish against the growth of pathogenic fungi found in dried sepat
(Trichogaster trichopterus). A total of six LAB isolates (B-1.6, B-1.8, B-1.14, B-2.1, B2.3, and B-2.5) were used to identify the antifungal activities conducted with an overlay
method. The LAB identification was carried out based on morphological and biochemical
leading to the result that the six LAB isolates were Lactobacillus sp. and Pediococcus sp.
bacteria. All of the LAB isolates formed inhibition zones against the growth of Mucor sp.,
Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Penicillium nigricans fungi. Lactobacillus
sp. B-1.6 isolate had the highest antifungal activity, and through PCR identification, it
was found that this bacterium was Lactobacillus brevis strain NCTC13768. Lactobacillus
brevis strain NCTC13768 produced an antifungal chemical that caused morphological
harm to Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger. All of the isolates tested in this
investigation are promising antifungals that could be employed to improve the safety of
dried fish.
Consumer preferences towards goat milk and goat milk products: a mini review
Authors: Zulkifli T.I.N.T.M. , Syahlan S. , Saili A.R. , Pahang J.T. , Ruslan N.A. , Suyanto A.
Published: September 2023

This review article focuses on recent findings on consumer preferences regarding goat
milk and its products. Consumer preferences are not a new occurrence that has enticed
academics to perform countless studies. Unfortunately, most previous studies in
Malaysia's community were not conducted from a social science perspective. Therefore,
this study reviewed several past studies that investigated Malaysian consumer preferences
for goat milk and its products. The review employed Preferred Reporting Items for
Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach. Research articles included
in the review were obtained from major journal databases (i.e., Scopus, Science Direct,
and Web of Science) which yielded twenty-six publications. Findings have formulated
four main themes: socio-demographic perspective, goat milk preferences, barriers to goat
milk consumption among the consumers, and the most consumer choice for goat milk and
its product based on the thematic analyses. Moreover, the results found that most of the
studies analysed health and nutritional benefits as the most important reasons for the
potential consumption of goat milk. Furthermore, gender, age, and religion can influence
different levels of acceptance towards goat milk. The study also revealed that price, lack
of knowledge, taste, lack of availability, non-habit culture, and smell can influence
consumers' consumption of goat milk and its products.
The equivalence test of functional properties and sensory characteristics of
transgenic and nontransgenic soybean-based soy flour
Authors: Astawan M. , Nazhifah N. , Wulandari N. , Wresdiyati T. , Febrinda A.E.
Published: September 2023

In Indonesia, approximately 70% of soybeans are imported to fulfill domestic demands.
Most of the imported soybeans are transgenic soybeans or Genetically Modified
Organisms (GMO). The soybeans are judged to have a better grain quality, are relatively
uniform in grain size and colour and are more readily available. One of the local soybeans
in Indonesia having the potential to compete with the imported soybean quality is
Grobogan soybean. One of the processed soybean products having good potential to be
developed is soy flour. This study was conducted to determine the effect of the soybean
variety types (imported transgenic, imported nontransgenic and local grobogan) on
functional properties and sensory characteristics within the produced flour. The soy flour
production process began with the soybean washing and soaking phase, followed by
boiling, dehulling, drying, milling using a pin disc mill and sifting using a size 60 mesh.
The soy flour was subjected to analyses of the functional properties and sensory
characteristics. The local grobogan soy flour has a water absorption capacity (2.66 g/g),
oil absorption capacity (0.91 g/g), foaming capacity (107.14%), emulsion capacity (100%)
and PDI (11.63%) equal to those of the imported soy flour (transgenic and nontransgenic).
The local grobogan soy flour is even superior in the foam stability and emulsion stability
parameters. The local grobogan soy flour also has a more preferable score in all of the
sensory attributes tested (colour, texture, aroma and overall) than those of imported soy
flour (both transgenic and nontransgenic), even though they were not significantly
different statistically, which is as good as the flour made from imported soybeans.
Exploring the challenges faced by female executives in the Malaysian oil palm
plantation industry: a qualitative study
Authors: Roslam A.I.A. , Mohammad Azam N.H. , Aziz N.N.H. , Saili J. , Zulkefli F. , Kamil M.Z. , Sapak Z. , W.Y. Sharifah Mazenah , Saili A.R.
Published: September 2023

Study regarding the life experiences of female executive planters in Malaysia's oil palm
plantation sector is sparse. This gap is significant as Malaysia's plantation sector is
beginning to hire more female employees, especially at the executive levels such as
assistant manager and estate manager posts. Female employees account for 20-25% of the
total plantation workforce in Malaysia, according to major palm oil companies. Despite
their significant contribution and role in an oil palm plantation, females’ efforts have been
overshadowed by their male colleagues. This raises the question of why this situation
occurs and how it affects female executive planters in Malaysian oil palm plantations.
Hence, this research aimed to establish and assess the individual experiences of female
executive planters. The focus will be on the current situation of female executives in the
oil palm plantation industry, together with the challenges faced by female executives
when working in the oil palm plantation industry. A qualitative study was conducted with
eight female executive planters who participate in the oil palm plantation industry in
Peninsular Malaysia to identify their life experiences, assess the current situation, and
explore the challenges faced working as executive planters in the oil palm plantation
industry in Malaysia. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data from the
participants using the snowball sampling method based on the availability of female
executive planters in Peninsular Malaysia. The data were analysed using Thematic
Analysis (TA) and categorized into six themes. The analysis revealed that their current
situation and challenges were associated with job nature, acceptance, physical work,
safety, managing worker, and stereotypes. These findings were expected to have
significant information to add to the literature on female roles and their participation in the
oil palm plantation industry. Thus, it can help to formulate plans to enhance the situation
for the female executive planter in the oil palm plantation industry in the future.
Returning Home: New Zealand Museums’ Outgoing Repatriation Practice
Authors:   , McEwan-Nugent Lauren
Published: September 2023

This thesis examines contemporary New Zealand museum repatriation practice, focusing on returns of ancestral remains and objects from New Zealand museums to source communities overseas. The literature review identified a gap in the museum studies literature for a study of outgoing repatriation that is grounded in museum practice. Utilising a Kaupapa Māori methodology and a New Zealand-oriented decolonisation lens, this research centres current professional museum practice, the ways in which it is influenced and shaped by Māori cultural practices, and the interface between policy and practice in the dynamic engagement zones of repatriation. As a Pākehā researcher, the Kaupapa Māori and decolonisation theories guided my approach to this sensitive topic.

I employ an action research-informed methodology which utilises case studies, semi-structured interviews, and policy discourse analysis of policy documents to present a snapshot of contemporary museum repatriation practice. The research centres on two recent, distinctive case studies. The first case study examines the 2018 return of ancestral remains from Canterbury and Otago museums to the people of Rapa Nui (Easter Island). The second case study examines a 2016 long-term loan from Te Papa, New Zealand to the Bishop Museum, Hawaiʻi, which became an unconditional repatriation in 2019. The returned ʻahu ʻula and mahiole, jewels in New Zealand’s national museum collection, originally belonged to Hawaiian high chief Kalaniʻōpuʻu, who gifted them to Captain James Cook in 1779.

The findings of this thesis reveal that Māori cultural practices lead museum repatriation practice in New Zealand, including how ancestors and objects are cared for, repatriation processes and ceremonies, and museum relationships with Indigenous source communities. In centring museum practice, this thesis contributes to the project of ensuring museum studies reflects museums’ operational reality. A recent survey of museum holdings and a new national repatriation policy have led to the formation of Ngākahu and the New Zealand Repatriation Research Network which bring resource-poor museum practitioners together to maximise the efficacy of their repatriation work.
Application of Multimodal Analgesia Based on the ERAS Concept in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Surgery for Gynecological Tumors
Authors: Peng Jun , Shen Xiang , Deng Yanfang , Yang Xinghui , Buwu Yuezhimu
Published: September 2023

Objective: The application effect of multimodal analgesia based on the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS)concept in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery for gynecological tumors. Methods: 48 patients with laparoscopic surgery for gynecological tumors were included, selected from January to December 2022, and randomly divided into the control group and observation group, with 24 cases in each group, to compare the effects. Results: The pain scores at each time point in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the recovery time of analgesic gas and out-of-bed activity, and postoperative length of stay were shorter than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Laparoscopic technology brings benefits to patients with gynecological tumors, realizes minimally invasive treatment, and reduces damage, but postoperative pain is still a key factor affecting prognosis. Multimodal analgesia based on the concept of ERAS can play a significant role in relieving pain, which has an important impact on improving the physical and mental state of patients and accelerating postoperative recovery.