bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Santé mentale et bien-être : l’apport des arbres et des forêts au bénéfice de différentes populations en Grande-Bretagne
Authors: O’Brien Liz , Ambrose-Oji Bianca , Wheeler Benedict
Published: May 2019

Cet article étudie l’apport potentiel des arbres et de la forêt au bien-être mental de différentes populations en Grande-Bretagne. Nous utilisons un cadre conceptuel qui distingue trois niveaux différents de mobilisation : la vie quotidienne, la promotion de la santé par la nature et les soins par les thérapies vertes. Des études de cas en Grande-Bretagne sont ensuite proposées pour illustrer chacun de ces trois niveaux de mobilisation. Celles-ci montrent que les approches pratiques et les interventions évoluent rapidement en Grande-Bretagne. Enfin, nous examinons les principales trajectoires et mécanismes qui relient la santé mentale et le bien-être, aux arbres et à la forêt. Nous discutons ensuite des niveaux de preuves des études actuellement disponibles au plan international et appelons à l’adoption d’approches homogènes dans et entre les pays par l’usage de méthodologies capables d’exprimer les nuances qui caractérisent ces relations complexes entre arbres, forêts et bien-être et santé mentale.
L’évaluation d’impact sur la santé peut-elle influencer les politiques d’espaces verts dans l’espace urbain ?
Authors: Jabot Françoise , Gall Anne Roué-Le
Published: May 2019

L’urbanisation croissante de ces dernières décennies et l’augmentation de la densité populationnelle ont fortement contribué à diminuer les contacts des populations avec la nature. En réaction à ce phénomène, la considération accordée à la place de la nature dans l’espace urbain n’a cessé de croître, confortée par une demande sociale d’un environnement urbain plus vert. L’évaluation d’impact sur la santé est une démarche qui a pour but d’anticiper les conséquences sur la santé de politiques, projets, ou lois, avant leur mise en œuvre et de suggérer des réajustements afin de limiter les impacts négatifs et renforcer les impacts positifs. Elle se développe en France depuis 2010 et concerne majoritairement les projets d’aménagements urbains au sein desquels la restructuration des espaces verts constitue un enjeu important. Cet article interroge la capacité de l’EIS à influencer les choix d’aménagement urbain et faire des politiques plus vertes, plus équitables et plus favorables à la santé.
De quelles preuves scientifiques disposons-nous concernant les effets des forêts et des arbres sur la santé et le bien-être humains ?
Authors: Nilsson Kjell , Bentsen Peter , Grahn Patrik , Mygind Lærke
Published: May 2019

Dans la société actuelle, les maladies liées au mode de vie jouent un rôle de plus en plus important dans les causes de mauvaise santé. L’accès et le séjour dans des environnements qui contiennent des éléments naturels tels que les forêts, les parcs et les jardins ont attiré l’attention pour leur capacité à favoriser la santé et le bien-être humains. Un domaine de recherche à part entière s’est développé pour expliquer et attester du lien entre accès et activités dans la nature et santé humaine. L’action COST E39 « Forêts, arbres et la santé et le bien-être humains », initiée en 2004 et achevée en 2009, avait pour but de réunir des chercheurs européens qui travaillent sur les différents aspects de la relation entre nature et santé. Ses principaux résultats ont été présentés dans le livre Forests, Trees and Human Health publié en 2011. Cet article porte sur trois questions de recherche centrales concernant la relation entre nature et santé : les effets réparateurs, instauratifs et salutaires sur la santé humaine, les effets sur la santé des activités physiques de plein air et les interventions thérapeutiques telles que les jardins thérapeutiques et les bains de forêt. Une revue systématique de la recherche menée à la suite de l’action COST, permet d’aboutir aux conclusions suivantes : 1) Un nombre remarquable de publications de recherche mettent en évidence une corrélation statistique entre l’accès à la nature et aux espaces verts et l’activité physique humaine et la santé. Cependant, peu d’études établissent une relation de cause à effet permettant d’affirmer que l’accès aux espaces verts entraîne une plus grande activité physique et une meilleure santé. 2) La recherche existante sur les activités de plein air dans des environnements naturels fait état d’un certain nombre d’associations positives et effets sur la santé, dont certains sont solidement appuyés par des preuves, bien que sujets à des réserves quant à l’applicabilité immédiate des conclusions qu’on peut en tirer. 3) Beaucoup d’études montrent que des thérapies fondées sur la nature fonctionnent et donnent lieu à des effets clairement positifs, mais la qualité de ces études fait l’objet de sérieuses critiques. Enfin, les auteurs recommandent qu’une plus grande place soit accordée aux recherches sur les bénéfices économiques tirés des effets que la nature procure sur la santé et d’élargir la base théorique des études. De plus, une meilleure intégration de ces connaissances dans les politiques de la santé et leur mise en œuvre pratique dans le cadre de l’urbanisme et de la gestion des forêts sont à envisager.
La forêt et les arbres : une perspective de santé publique
Authors: Sanchez-Badini Olivia , Innes John L.
Published: May 2019

Historiquement, les forêts ont été une source de bois de construction, de combustible et de fourrage pour les sociétés humaines. Elles leur ont également fourni des biens et services liés à la santé physique, mentale, sociale et spirituelle. Compte tenu des priorités concurrentes pour le financement des soins de santé, la recherche sur les forêts et la santé est importante dans une perspective d’économie de la santé. La fréquentation des forêts (y compris les zones sauvages, les forêts exploitées et les forêts urbaines) pour améliorer la santé et le bien-être de l’homme, et peut-être pour prévenir les maladies à une fraction du coût des interventions médicales, constitue un important débouché pour la gestion forestière au xxi e  siècle. Bien que ces bienfaits soient largement reconnus, on constate un manque d’information en ce qui concerne les politiques et les approches de santé publique en relation avec les forêts et les arbres. La littérature disponible suggère que la majorité des acteurs dans le domaine de la santé publique ont une perception ambivalente de l’environnement naturel. Cependant, un changement de paradigme est en cours, et un nouveau domaine de recherche s’intéresse aux impacts positifs des arbres et des forêts sur la santé et le bien-être humains. Alors qu’en Europe et au Japon, de nombreux praticiens de la santé soulignent les vertus de la forêt, les professionnels de la santé et l’industrie de la santé associée en Amérique du Nord restent largement axés sur le traitement plutôt que sur des approches préventives. Ce point de vue commence à changer – en grande partie grâce au plaidoyer de la foresterie et des organisations de loisirs – mais la priorité au traitement plutôt qu’à la prévention reste une attitude profondément ancrée dans l’industrie de la santé.
Les forêts et la santé publique : l’expérience et les espérances autrichiennes. Le projet Green Care Wald
Authors: Mannsberger Gerhard
Published: May 2019

Le projet Green Care Wald a été développé depuis 2014 par les autorités autrichiennes, dont le Centre de recherche autrichien pour la forêt [1]. Son objectif est d’améliorer le bien-vivre dans la société autrichienne en regroupant toutes les initiatives et activités relatives à la forêt pour créer des sources de revenus supplémentaires et en soutenant le développement rural. La présentation des sources du projet (les résolutions de Vienne de 2003, l’étude Green Public Health menée avec la collaboration de l’Université médicale de Vienne et la BOKU), de son développement, de ses réalisations (en particulier des brochures de conseils pratiques) est suivie de considérations plus générales sur l’avenir prometteur pour les interactions entre forêts et santé humaine.
A Systems Approach to Cultivate a Flourishing Nurse Workforce
Authors: D'Alfonso Jim , Winter Peggi B.
Published: May 2019

Large integrated health care systems face myriad challenges in bridging national nursing strategy with functional workstream initiatives. The example of a regional Workforce Workstream is outlined to demonstrate how a national nursing agenda may be successfully operationalized to unite and advance an organization's mission, vision, and values.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2019;50(6):248–251.]
Quality and Safety Education for Nurses Teamwork and Collaboration Competency: Empowering Nurses
Authors: Armstrong Gail
Published: May 2019

Improving the safety of health care continues to be a high priority for U.S. health care systems. One of the core competencies identified to improve health care safety focuses on improving teamwork. This article focuses on tools nurses can employ to improve health care team communication, thereby enhancing health care teamwork.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2019;50(6):252–255.]
Emerging Theories Influencing the Teaching of Clinical Nursing Skills
Authors: Kardong-Edgren Suzan , Oermann Marilyn H. , Rizzolo Mary Anne
Published: May 2019

Background:

Recognition is increasing that many psychomotor skills essential for safe nursing practice are not being retained. New theories and methods are emerging that, when applied in an organized pedagogical model, could influence initial learning and the retention of critical psychomotor skills.

Method:

This article explains and applies emerging educational theories and concepts relevant to skills teaching in nursing.

Results:

Theories and concepts on cognitive load, deliberate practice, mastery learning, overlearning, spaced learning, and skill decay are integrated to provide a framework for teaching skills in nursing. An example is included of using this framework for skills instruction and practice.

Conclusion:

This framework may improve the nurse educator's ability to prepare learners to perform skills safely in both the skills laboratory and patient care settings and to retain skills.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2019;50(6):257–262.]
The Importance of Patients' Perceptions of Technology: Reminders for Nursing Care Delivery
Authors: Waidley Ericka K.
Published: May 2019

Background:

This study investigates hospitalized patients' perceptions of nurses' use of technology in care delivery and provides an overview of the professional debate regarding high-touch versus high-technology nursing practice.

Method:

A mixed-methods qualitative study combined concepts from phenomenology and narrative analysis to allow the nurse researcher to engage with the patient to solicit patient stories. This approach acknowledges the researcher's role as a nurse, which cannot be fully eliminated from the patient stories and analysis of their experiences. The combined methodology also focuses on a phenomenological approach that uses a semistructured interview as a mechanism to gather data specific to questions about the patients' perspective of the influence of technology on patient care.

Results:

Five main themes were identified from patient interviews: Noise/Lack of Sleep, Emotional/Patient Engagement, Individualized Care, Patient and Nurse Knowledge Levels (related to technology), and the Benefits/Challenges of Care (related to technology).

Conclusion:

Nurses are missing opportunities to improve their practice and the quality of patient care when using technology as an adjunct to care delivery.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2019;50(6):263–267.]
Figure-of-eight Reconstruction of the Sternoclavicular Joint: Outcomes of Sport and Work
Authors: Gowd Anirudh K. , Liu Joseph N. , Garcia Grant H. , Cabarcas Brandon C. , Agarwalla Avinesh , Nicholson Gregory P. , Romeo Anthony A.
Published: May 2019

Instability of the sternoclavicular joint is a challenging condition given the proximity of neurovascular structures and minimal osseous constraint, and little is known regarding return to activity. A prospectively maintained institutional registry was retrospectively queried for all sternoclavicular joint reconstructions performed from 2005 to 2016. All included patients were asked to answer questions from a previously established survey to assess return to sport, work, and satisfaction following surgery. Ten patients (12 shoulders) were available for long-term follow-up (71.4%; range, 26–145 months). There were significant improvements in both visual analog scale (−2.3±3.0) and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (+29.7±29.6) scores (
P
<.001, respectively). Seven patients reported good to excellent satisfaction, and all patients reported they would undergo the surgery again in hindsight. Regarding sports, 4 of 9 (44.4%) were able to return to sport, 1 of 9 (11.1%) was able to return to same or better intensity, and 4 of 8 (50%) were able to perform a push-up having done so prior to injury. In total, 3 of 7 (42.9%) returned to work, with 1 of 7 (14.3%) returning to same or better intensity. None of the heavy-duty workers were able to return to their preinjury level of duty. Although figure-of-eight reconstruction of the sternoclavicular joint provides consistent clinical improvement and acceptable levels of patient satisfaction, most patients were unable to return to preinjury activity. Patients should be counseled preoperatively regarding appropriate expectations. Workers with strenuous responsibilities should be advised to find alternative employment opportunities. [
Orthopedics
. 2019; 42(4):205–210.]
Analysis and Application of Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Practice Model
Authors: Whelan Elaine Gilligan
Published: May 2019

ABSTRACT

Curriculum design in nursing education has become an increasingly sophisticated process throughout the past decade. "Theories" of nursing have emerged, and have become the basis for various curricula models. One model which is relevant to nursing education, practice and research, is that of Dorothea Orem.

Nurse educators are constantly bombarded with material regarding various nursing "theories." Each nurse educator would benefit by having some familiarity with the models of the major theorists of our day. Dorothea Orem's theory is the basis for numerous curricula across the country. Since curriculum design and redesign affords faculty the opportunity to pursue alternative approaches to the present blueprint of their academic program, material must be succinctly presented which affords one an overview of such theories as that of Orem.

This paper is an attempt to address that need.
Selling with evidence
Authors: Koessler Frédéric , Skreta Vasiliki
Published: May 2019

We study the informed‐principal problem in a bilateral asymmetric information trading setting with interdependent values and quasi‐linear utilities. The informed seller proposes a mechanism and voluntarily certifies information about the good's characteristics. When the set of certifiable statements is sufficiently rich, we show that there is an ex ante profit‐maximizing selling procedure that is an equilibrium of the mechanism proposal game. In contrast to posted price settings, the allocation obtained when product characteristics are commonly known (the unravelling outcome) may not be an equilibrium allocation, even when all buyer types agree on the ranking of product quality. Our analysis relies on the concept of strong Pareto optimal allocation, which was originally introduced by Maskin and Tirole (1990) in private value environments.
Communication and cooperation in repeated games
Authors: Awaya Yu , Krishna Vijay
Published: May 2019

We study the role of communication in repeated games with private monitoring. We first show that without communication, the set of Nash equilibrium payoffs in such games is a subset of the set ofε‐coarse correlated equilibrium payoffs (ε‐CCE) of the underlying one‐shot game. The value ofεdepends on the discount factor and the quality of monitoring. We then identify conditions under which there are equilibria with “cheap talk” that result in nearly efficient payoffs outside the setε‐CCE. Thus, in our model, communication is necessary for cooperation.
Hunters and Their Perceptions of Public Access: A View from Afield
Authors: Fontaine Joseph J. , Fedele Alexis D. , Wszola Lyndsie S. , Messinger Lindsey N. , Chizinski Christopher J. , Lusk Jeffery J. , Decker Karie L. , Taylor J. Scott , Stuber Erica F.
Published: May 2019

Declining hunter participation threatens cultural traditions and public support for conservation, warranting examination of the forces behind the downward trajectory. Access to lands for hunting, an often-cited reason for nonparticipation, may play a critical role in the retention and recruitment of hunters. Meeting the access needs of a diverse hunting constituency requires understanding how hunters use and perceive access opportunities, particularly public-access sites. Given that perceptions of access are entirely place based and degrade with time, traditional postseason survey methods may fail to adequately quantify the value of public access to the hunting constituency. To overcome the potential limitations of postseason surveys, we conducted on-site assessments of hunter perceptions of habitat quality, game abundance, ease of access, and crowding as well as whether the experience met the hunters' expectations and their likelihood to return to hunt. Over 3 y, we interviewed 3,248 parties of which 71.5% were hunting. Most parties (65.9%) reported having no private access within the region of Nebraska where they were interviewed. Parties (67.6%) were largely limited to two or fewer hunters, most of whom were adult males (84.3%) who were, on average, 41.2 y old. The perception of public-access sites was generally positive, but 43.1% of parties indicated that game abundance was below average despite 59.2% of parties seeing game and 37.3% harvesting at least one animal. Similar to other explorations of hunter satisfaction, we found game abundance, and in particular harvest success, had the most consistent relationship with hunter perception of public access. By surveying multiple types of hunters across sites that encompass a range of social and ecological conditions, we gained a broader understanding of how hunters perceive public access in real time, which will help to inform future management decisions to foster and improve public-access programs.
Educating for a Sustainable World
Authors: Zohar Asaf , Newhouse David R.
Published: May 2019

Educating for a sustainable future and learning to live within our planetary limits is the most pressing challenge of our times. In this chapter, the authors present an emerging model of transcultural education that brings together Indigenous and western knowledges. This approach aims to engage learners from different cultures and knowledge traditions with the purpose of guiding them through ideas and processes of imagining, listening, speaking, and working together in a way that respects differences, acknowledges common ground, and seeks to co-create new knowledges. Bringing together Indigenous and Western knowledges in this manner creates a unique context that can potentially build the mindsets, skills, and dispositions that are needed for living and managing sustainably. A pedagogy grounded in this approach can potentially promote student interest and engagement across cultural and social divides, foster successful learning about bridging social inequalities, and cultivate an ethos of social, cultural, and environmental responsibility.
Urbanization and Its Implication for Sustainable Development in a Circular Economy
Authors: Onuoha Mgbeodichinma Eucharia
Published: May 2019

Only about 25% of the world's land area and soil can be viewed as sustainable for agriculture. The rest of the soils are too dry, too wet, steep, rocky, cold, shallow, acidic, alkaline, or saline to allow the growing of crops. The major problems lie on the harshly increasing need for agricultural products due to rising populations as well as to the world desire to attain ever higher living standards. Food shortage, increase in toxic chemical in production, and urbanization are three inseparable things. One way to solve food shortage is to increase agricultural production. However, increase of agricultural production involves a package of measures that must be fitted to the specific situations in each case. Those measures are the use of high-yielding crops like cassava and varieties and a set of treatments designed to optimize growing conditions. Among such treatments is the use of nature-based solution like the use of cassava waste in feeding of livestock, use of cassava waste as a manure, minimizing losses of water and nutrients due to runoffs.
Integrating Inner and External Dimensions for Holistic Sustainability
Authors: Bejarano Erica A. Berejnoi , Rodriguez Natalia , Gibbons Leah V. , Sykes Chloe , Morrison Beth Ann , Tekola Sarra Z. , Gabriele Adam D. , Fastiggi Mary , Cloutier Scott A.
Published: May 2019

Over the past century, sustainability scholars and scientists have largely focused on the complex relationships between society, economy, and environment. The authors refer to this approach as external sustainability research, which positions the built and natural environment as key to a sustainable future. Yet, our external environment is a manifestation of deeply held beliefs, values, attitudes, and perceptions of the world—the inner dimensions of sustainability. Within sustainability science, a deeper understanding of the inner dimensions could promote lasting external sustainability measures, strategies, and interventions. This chapter envisions sustainability as a holistic collection of internal and external guiding principles that can be enhanced through practice. First, the authors draw on perspectives from “Western sustainability” and Indigenous philosophies. Next, case studies integrating holistic sustainability approaches are shared. They conclude by integrating the primary literature with the case studies and call on sustainability science to more deeply consider the inner dimensions.
#teachingbydesign
Authors: Mahaffey Cat , Walden Ashlyn C.
Published: May 2019

Much attention has been drawn toward issues of accessibility, but changes in course design have been slow at best. This chapter aims to expand notions of accessibility beyond students with visual or hearing impairments to include students with colorblindness, dyslexia, or anxiety; and students disadvantaged by socioeconomics, gender, or race. More specifically, this chapter serves as a call for instructors to incorporate accessibility practices in their course designs and to explicitly teach students what accessibility is and how to incorporate its principles into their writing/designing/creating processes.
Augmented Reality-Based Training Systems for Teaching Health and Safety Procedures in Construction
Authors: García-Pereira Inma , Portalés Cristina , Casas Sergio , Vidal-González María , Gimeno Jesús
Published: May 2019

Traditional teaching methods are not always efficient, especially in areas where the concepts to teach relate to physical work that must be done outside the classroom. This is the case of the construction sector, where the teaching of safety procedures is crucial to reduce the number of accidents, but traditional methods fail to highlight the importance of these procedures. The use of computer simulation through new technologies such as augmented reality (AR) can engage more students in order to better understand the concepts. In addition, they can visualize virtual elements superimposed on the real world to simulate the real situations they will later face in construction. This chapter deals with the simulation, by means of AR technology, of teaching procedures in the construction sector. It presents ARFAT, an application for mobile devices that makes use of AR to teach health and safety procedures about three elements: formwork, scaffolds, and falsework.
The Entrepreneurial Orientation
Authors: Valdez-Juárez Luis Enrique , Ramos-Escobar Elva Alicia , Borboa-Álvarez Edith Patricia
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this chapter is to analyze the opportunities for entrepreneurship, the behavior of the entrepreneurial orientation, and the orientation towards the market that is developed in the SME, and the effects which exert in the innovation and the profitability in the field of SMEs. The research is based on a sample of 1012 commercial, services, and industrial enterprises in the Northwest region of Mexico. The data collection was carried out during the period from September to December 2016, through a self-directed survey to the manager. The relations estimates have been tested through the Structural Equation System (Hervas-Oliver, Sempere-Ripoll, and Boronat-Moll) based on the variance with the PLS technique, supported by the software SmartPLS version 3.2.6. The results demonstrate that entrepreneurial orientation has a significant influence on innovation activities and on the profitability of SMEs. Also, the innovation has a significant positive influence on the profitability. In addition, market orientation shows significant and negative effects on the profitability of SMEs. For these types of companies, it is important that they focus their efforts on customers, the market and the main competitors. This investigation contributes to the development of the literature on entrepreneurial behavior and dynamic capabilities.
Entrepreneurial Orientation and Dynamic Capabilities
Authors: Coelho Ana Sofia , Lisboa Ana , Pinho José Carlos M. R.
Published: May 2019

Currently, small and medium enterprises that are family businesses (SMEFs) assume an important role in the global economy. Further, innovation and flexibility became vital to firms' survival and prosperity in the market during these volatile times. Firms should not only possess critical resources, but also be able to recombine them. Characterized by resource restrictions, SMEFs can rely on dynamic capabilities to access resources and be competitive in the market. In this regard, networking capabilities (NC) and resource combinations (RC) such as exploitative and explorative product development and on market-related capabilities emerge as key dynamic capabilities. This chapter examines the role of Entrepreneurial Orientation (EO) on NC and RC. Using a qualitative method of in-depth case study, the chapter analyzes 12 Portuguese SMEFs.
The Moderating Effect of Family Firm Status on the Entrepreneurial Orientation-Performance Relationship
Authors: Hernández-Linares Remedios , López-Fernández María Concepción , Burns Laura Victoria Fielden
Published: May 2019

Although management literature mostly reports a positive association between entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance, it also recognizes that different business contexts may prompt different manifestations of entrepreneurial orientation. Considering that family firms constitute the backbone of most economies across the globe, and based on arguments from socioemotional wealth perspective, this research aims to examine the moderating effect of being a family firm on the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance. The empirical study is based on primary information obtained from the chief-executive-offices of 402 small and medium-enterprises (SMEs) from Portugal, a country located in southwestern Europe, and one that has been scantly investigated by the literature in the confluence between entrepreneurial orientation and family firms. Results show that the family firm status weakens the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and performance in the Portuguese SMEs.
Innovation and Entrepreneurship During Economic Crises
Authors: Pereira Elisabeth T.
Published: May 2019

The main goals of this chapter are to present an overview of the relevance of innovation and entrepreneurship in modern economies and analyze the importance of these two concepts in modern economies during economic and financial crises, as a relevant way to perform economies to prevent and to overcome crises, in an evolutionary perspective. The understanding of different frameworks of innovation, with a particular emphasis on the effects of innovation and entrepreneurship supported by governmental incentives, is studied through an integrated framework of innovation to overcome economic crises in long business cycles over time. The present chapter bases its analysis on a wide literature review and analysis of case studies that will show the importance of innovation and entrepreneurship during crises and to overcoming crises.
Characterization of Companies Based on Willingness to Innovate and Competitiveness
Authors: Martínez-Azúa Beatriz Corchuelo , Martín-Vegas Felipe
Published: May 2019

Companies, as agents of innovation systems, play a fundamental role in the innovative activity of economies. Nevertheless, the existence of barriers to innovation is becoming a low willingness to innovate by companies despite being an important element of competitiveness. These two perceptions are fundamental when deciding to innovate. It also influences the perception of government intervention to encourage innovation. The objective of this study is to analyze the characteristics of Extremaduran companies based on perceptions they have about these two variables: willingness to innovate and assessing innovation as an essential element of competitiveness. Data come from an ad hoc questionnaire focused mainly on variables related to innovation. Obtained results show four profiles of companies based on these characteristics and these results permit to connect them to perceived obstacles to innovation and demanded public policies. The characterization of the companies may be useful for public policies design to stimulate innovation.
The Internationalization of SMEs
Authors: Vlacic Bozidar , González-Loureiro Miguel , Eduardsen Jonas
Published: May 2019

This chapter aims at providing a theoretical explanation for the observed heterogeneous internationalization behavior of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). In this chapter, the authors propose a conceptual framework of how the entrepreneurs' cognitive systems affect the internationalization decision making in SMEs, and supplement extant normative theories of venture's internationalization with entrepreneurial and psychological constructs. The proposed framework suggests that entrepreneurs' cognitive systems (expertise-based intuition System-X and the analytic System-C) moderate the relationship between the perception of environmental validity and the venture's internationalization decisions. This approach explains how entrepreneurs perceive the environment in such a way that some will recognize an international business opportunity, evaluate alternatives and, finally, decide to start and grow an international venture by following any of the extant patterns of internationalization, namely a sequential, gradual and slow pace or an accelerated and not necessarily sequential approach.
Managing Customer Credit to Reduce the Company's Risk and Overdue Credits
Authors: Lisboa Inês , Costa Teresa , Teixeira Nuno
Published: May 2019

Most companies give credit to customers when selling products or providing services. It has advantages as more customers may be willing to negotiate with the company, but it increases the company's risk. Therefore, the company must analyze the pros and cons of giving credit. This chapter summarizes all information needed for a company to establish credit policy for each customer or group of customers. First, credit risk and customers' credit risk are explained to call the attention to the need to manage it. Then it shows how a company can manage credit to maximize its value and reduce its risk. The inputs needed to determine a customer credit policy are explained. Credit risk models are presented. And finally, a recovery method to collect overdue credits is presented. This chapter aims the help the company to solve liquidity and solvency problems and to stablish long-term relationships with customers.
Understanding Online Falsehood From the Perspective of Social Problem
Authors: Pal Anjan , Banerjee Snehasish
Published: May 2019

The perspective of social problem has been used to analyze a variety of disconcerting phenomena over the years. These run the gamut from unemployment and drug addiction to sexual assault and child labor. Meanwhile, digital technology has now cemented itself firmly as a dominant social phenomenon. As its by-product, it has engendered online falsehood—often manifested as fake news or rumors—that easily becomes viral on the internet. Yet, research has not examined the phenomenon of online falsehood through the lens of social problem hitherto. Therefore, this chapter seeks to explain how the issue of online falsehood has now turned into a problem for the digital society. With a social constructionism paradigm, the chapter draws on the literature about the construction of social problems. A typology of online falsehood is also proposed. The chapter concludes with an urgent call to combat online falsehood.
Misleading Media Portrayals in a Globalized World
Authors: Chajdas Tymoteusz
Published: May 2019

This chapter discusses the phenomenon of media power and dissemination of misleading and spurious representations. The author argues that global mass media can increasingly be seen as devices of control. This is inferred from a frequent use of Orientalist discourses when portraying the Middle East, which bestows the media messages with hidden power structures. These messages, along with the emergence of social media and a high saturation of visual media, contribute to strengthening of media power. This enables the state to justify its control and political actions. By drawing on Orientalism and by exploring media portrayals of the Middle East, this chapter suggests that misrepresentations produced by the media should be seen as a violent rhetoric which aims at acting to discipline Middle Eastern bodies and trapping them in a cycle of alienation. The analysis discusses media coverage of the 2015 Paris terrorist attacks, the war in Iraq, and 9/11. The author suggests that through the practice of alienating subjects from society, mass media create an opportunity for them to turn to extremes.
The Fundamental Roles of Technology in the Spread of Fake News
Authors: Dale Thomas
Published: May 2019

Following the 2016 United States Presidential Election, fake news has been the subject of much discussion, research and, ironically, news. This chapter examines how technology enables the creation and spread of fake news stories through the democratization of creation tools, by exploiting the increasing difficulty of discerning between amateur and professional content through digital publication, and, arguably most significantly, through the indiscriminate curation of content through algorithms. These three technological factors together have exponentially compounded the spread of fake news by enabling creators with new opportunities for profit and influence and weakening readers' ability to effectively assess the value of the content they consume or share.
Fake Online News
Authors: Adikpo Janet Aver
Published: May 2019

Today, the media environment has traversed several phases of technological advancements and as a result, there is a shift in the production and consumption of news. This chapter conceived fake news within the milieu of influencing information spread in the society, especially on the cyberspace. Using the hierarchy of influence model trajectory with fake news, it was established that it has become almost impossible to sustain trust and credibility through individual influences on online news content. The primary reason is that journalists are constrained by professional ethics, organizational routines, and ownership influence. Rather than verify facts and offer supporting claims, online users without professional orientation engage in a reproducing information indiscreetly. The chapter recommends that ethics be reconsidered as a means to recreate and imbibe journalistic values that will contend with the fake news pandemic.
Online Romance in the 21st Century
Authors: Lamphere Renee D. , Lucas Kweilin T.
Published: May 2019

The rapid advancement of technology has changed the dating world for millions of people. While dating scams are not a new phenomenon to the online dating community, a new form of scam known as “catfishing” is also taking place. Catfishing is the verb used to describe the actions of a “catfish,” a person who creates falsified online profiles on social networking sites with the purpose of fraudulently seducing someone else. In addition to talking about online dating scams and catfishing, this chapter will also examine “mail order” marriages and the potential impact of this practice.
Engaging Students With Authentic Ways to Learn New Words
Authors: Loranc-Paszylk Barbara , Firla Magdalena
Published: May 2019

This chapter investigates the impact of storytelling on second language (L2) vocabulary recall among secondary school students. Increasing learners' command of vocabulary is a crucial factor in learning foreign languages. One way to increase effectiveness of vocabulary learning is through the use of storytelling. The study used a within-subject design, and the participants (n=45) were tested on their vocabulary learning in three conditions: digital storytelling (use of animated videos), storytelling (audio narration only), and explicit vocabulary learning with the use of word list and definitions. Quantitative analyses of students' vocabulary test results revealed both audio-based storytelling and digital storytelling to be effective techniques of learning new words in the L2 classroom.
The Executive Function of the Brain as Applied to L2 Instruction in the Diverse Classroom
Authors: Vergara Reyna E.
Published: May 2019

This chapter explores the executive function (EF) of the brain and its relevance in the second language (L2) classroom through a methodology that focuses on form as content. The author emphasizes the scaffolding of vocabulary and grammar in order to effectively break down content into manageable parts. The chapter also examines the three Rs, reception, retention, and reproduction, as imperative principals when introducing new material in a language class. Reception refers to the way in which the content is introduced, retention is the presentation of the material, and reproduction is the guided practice. The ultimate aim of the chapter is to help language educators realize that knowledge of the executive function of the brain and the skills associated with strengthening a weakness in this area can enhance instruction and productivity in the diverse L2 classroom.
Using Classroom Assessment Data to Guide Instruction
Authors: Johnson Toni P.
Published: May 2019

It is important that assessments used in a classroom reflect the standards that students are expected to achieve. When this occurs, the data collected can be used as indications of a student's proficiency in a language. This chapter focuses on how the data collected in the classroom can be used to guide instruction. The author begins with an overview of assessments that are available to foreign language teachers. This is followed by information on data collection and analysis. The second half of the chapter focuses on how to use the data to develop lessons that provide all students with the instruction they need in order to be successful in the foreign language classroom. Examples of analysis of authentic data and changes in classroom elements, as well as the need for a mastery mindset, are also presented.
Exploring the Blockchain Technology Application in the Chinese New Retail Business Model
Authors: Li Yuhong , Subramanian Nachiappan
Published: May 2019

While the new retail is revolutionizing retailing in China, the supply chain of the new retail has a few problems or potential risks which will decrease the customer satisfaction level. However, the implementation of one of the cutting-edge technologies—the blockchain—can revolutionize the supply chain of the new retail in China. This qualitative piece uses multiple interviews to find out the specific outcomes blockchain will make for the supply chain of the new retail in China. The major contribution is to fill the gap of the academic literature as well as the business application and such as the new retail in China to increase supply chain security and efficiency with blockchain.
Evaluation of Influence of Principles Involved in Industry 4.0 Over Coal Industries Using TISM
Authors: Sankaranarayanan Bathrinath , Rahul K.  , Pradeep J.  , Ponnambalam S. G. , Saravanasankar S.
Published: May 2019

Coal is the major source of energy in the world. But, the process of extraction and use of coal has adverse effects on the environment. In this chapter, the authors try to reduce these effects by considering the principles and technologies involved in Industry 4.0, also known as the Fourth Industrial Revolution. From a few expert reviews and research works, eight crucial factors were taken into account and were analyzed. The eight factors are consumer, water resources, smart transportation, smart factory, smart grid, smart mining, smart home, and renewable energy. The analysis has been made using the total interpretive structural modeling (TISM) method. The model distinctly demonstrates the influence of the principles of Industry 4.0 over coal industries. This chapter also aims to pave the way for future research and tries to contribute towards the sustainable extraction and usage of coal in energy industries. Consumer plays the most influential role in this regard.
Financing the Green Building Retrofitting Investments
Authors: Mitrica Eugen
Published: May 2019

The main financial barrier of large scale implementation of green building retrofitting investments is due to the relatively large investment volume needed, compared to the future flow of yearly energy savings or/and yearly estimated differences of incomes collected, if the building is a commercial building (commercial center, office building, hotel or even residential rental building). The uncertainty implicitly involved in this estimation, both for the future savings and for the yearly differences of incomes, which are usually not very large, both make these investments apparently not so attractive for private investors, especially for owners of residential buildings, with limited self-financing power. Nevertheless, from the society point of view, the benefits created by saving the energy and consequently reducing the carbon foot print, can be very attractive. That is why the public support is often used as an “impulse solution” for implementation of these investments. The Cost Benefit Analysis methodology, particularized for these investments, is presented in this chapter.
Phenomena Implied by Sustainable and Green Retrofitting
Authors: Gradinaru Giani Ionel , Moise Alina Paula , Caplescu Raluca Dana
Published: May 2019

With all the new technology and scientific progress, the human population is significantly increasing, and the planet will hardly support the overpopulation. The increase of the carbon footprint and natural resources decrease with each human. Society must find solutions to use resources in a smart way, reducing the ecological impact and stopping the cities from sprawling. Instead of extending the manmade environment and using more resources, we can act on what we have, upgrading our buildings by using sustainable and green retrofitting and making them energy efficient and environmentally friendly, while covering our cultural, social and psychological needs. Overpopulation, as well as depopulation/migration, greatly affects architecture. This study aims at finding retrofit solutions and strategies in an attempt to improve the existing urban environment quality and buildings' energy efficiency, provide interior comfort and contribute to aesthetic urban image, as well as doing so in a cheap and efficient way.
Considerations Regarding the Green Retrofitting of Residential Buildings From Human Wellbeing Perspectives
Authors: Felseghi Raluca Andreea , Şoimoşan Teodora Melania , Filote Constatin , Răboaca Maria Simona
Published: May 2019

Currently, buildings are considered to be a continuously evolving organism that over time has to be treated, rehabilitated, and upgraded to meet the requirements set by the user at a certain stage. Buildings are a central element of the EU member states' energy efficiency policies, accounting for about 40% of final energy consumption, and 36% of greenhouse gas emissions, and about 75% of buildings are not energy efficient. Recent applications and studies establish that green retrofitting has maintained older existing buildings to increase energy efficiency, optimize building performance, increase occupants' satisfaction, and boost economic return while decreasing greenhouse gas emissions. In this regard, this chapter aims to address the main factors that negatively affect the performance of residential buildings and presents the common green retrofitting measures that can be taken to ensure the state of human well-being in residential buildings.
Heating Systems
Authors: Şoimoşan Teodora Melania , Felseghi Raluca Andreea , Răboacă Maria Simona , Filote Constantin
Published: May 2019

Within the current context of energy, there are several ways to meet the challenges of durable development. Efficiency in energy use, considered to be the fifth energy source, as well as the use of sustainable energy sources represent critical objectives. Nowadays, almost 50% of the total energy consumption in Europe is consumed by building heating and cooling. The current heat demand is mainly covered by conventional energy—fossil fuels. Consequently, there is a significant growth potential for the use of renewable energy sources (RES) in order to produce heat. One can expect in the near future that the energy systems would include a larger percentage of renewable sources, so the increase of the RES share is one of the main objectives of the thermoenergetic field. This chapter approaches heating system typology, the performance indicators used to asses the hybrid heating systems, and at the same time synthetising the assumptions of ensuring the optimum operating conditions.
Perspectives on Executive Coaching, Mentoring, and Counselling From Indian Mythologies
Authors: Bhushan Uma , Seow Thomas
Published: May 2019

The purpose of this chapter is to point towards how modern-day coaching can benefit from the ancient wisdom of the world's oldest surviving civilization extant in India. Drawing from academic literature, this chapter looks into one instance of mentoring and coaching from each of the two great Indian epics, Ramayana and Mahabharata, to define what constitutes coaching, the attributes of an effective coach, hallmarks of good coaching, and characteristics of a good coachee. With the insights and understanding offered in this chapter, coaches can quickly and effectively guide their coachees to achieve more confidence and motivation. This contributes both to the understanding and knowledge in the mechanism of coaching as well as to the practice and methodology of coaching.
Work Environment Factors Affecting the Transfer of Training in Female Workers in the Apparel Sector of Sri Lanka
Authors: Wijekoon Sayuri Piyumindi
Published: May 2019

With the increased investment in training and development initiatives, the organizations wishing to enhance their return on investment must understand the factors that influence transfer of training. This research analyzes the impact of the work environment factors on the transfer of training. Data were garnered through a questionnaire from a sample of 100 female workers in an apparel manufacturing company in Sri Lanka. Partial least squares structural equations modeling was used to analyze the proposed model and it could achieve the coefficient of prediction (R2) of transfer of training as high as 82%, implying the significance of supervisor support, peer support, openness to change, and personal outcomes – positive on transfer of training, while feedback reported no significant impact. Further, positive personal outcomes had the strongest influence on transfer of training. Therefore, practitioners should take into account the contributions associated with each environmental factor and especially to ensure that training transfer outcomes are positive and valued by the employees.