bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Formation and development of the State balance of solid mineral reserves
Authors: ANISIMOVA ALLA , ERMILOVA GALINA , MELNIKOVA Tatyana
Published: September 2022

The State Balance of Solid Mineral Reserves (GBZ TPI) contains annually updated information on the state and changes in the reserves of solid minerals of the country. The GBS TPI reflects all information about deposits of solid minerals. The article traces the improvement of the structure and content of the GPP TPI for 85 years of the existence of the Russian Geological Fund.
Traffic-aware Routing with Software-defined Networks Using Reinforcement Learning and Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Jaafari Shohreh , Nassiri Mohammad , Mohammadi Reza
Published: September 2022

In recent years, the idea of software-defined networks (SDNs) has been proposed for better network management. This architecture has succeeded in optimizing network management functions and increased the ability to synchronize network equipment. Currently, one of the major issues in this architecture is the routing of packets flowing in the network. The main aim in the routing of packets is to increase the quality of services. Enhancement of the quality and productivity of these networks will increase user satisfaction. To this end, the present study proposes a mechanism for selecting the best route from among several existing routes to direct a flow on such a network. The proposed method examines the network parameters including bandwidth, delay, and packet loss on each link of the route by using artificial intelligence algorithms and changes the parameters reducing network productivity by means of fuzzy logic. Our evaluations show that the proposed method can select routes with high productivity and increase the quality of services on the network. Receiving feedback and modifying the fuzzy membership functions related to each mentioned criterion can maintain the effect of these parameters on an acceptable level after which all transmissions tend towards the optimum. Given the use of reinforcement learning methods which underpin some of the routing methods in SDNs, the proposed idea may gradually contribute to the provision of optimized services on the network.
Alarm Pattern Recognition in Continuous Process Control Systems using Data Mining
Authors: Belavadi Chetana , Sardar Vandana Sudhakar , Chaudhari Shilpa Shashikant
Published: September 2022

An alarm management system with the Human Machine Interface in a process control system is used to alert an operator of any abnormal situation, so that corrective action can be taken to ensure safety and productivity of the plant and quality of the product. An alarm system reporting many alarms even during the normal state of the plant is due to chattering alarms, duplicated alarms, intermittent equipment problems and certain alarms configured in the system which may not have any importance. In such a situation the operator may miss certain critical alarms leading to undesirable outcomes. So, to have an optimum alarm system, the unwanted alarms have to be identified and eliminated. In this paper, we propose an offline method to identify repetitive, frequent sequences or patterns using PrefixSpan and Bi-Directional Extension algorithms. With the identified sequences or patterns, plant operation experts can improve the effectiveness of the alarm system through alarm rationalization so that this will help the operator in making the plant more safe, reliable and productive. The main objectives of this work are the following: (i) to use a definitive method to represent alarm data in an alarm log which is Temporal data as Itemsets without a need for complex mathematical, statistical or visual methods; (ii) to use data mining algorithms for identifying Frequent sequences which can be implemented on a normal computing resource such as Personal computer; (iii) to apply the method to the complete alarm data available no matter how big they are; (iv) to study and establish that the chosen method is possible to be applied to larger sized datasets.
High Speed Approximate Carry Speculative Adder in Error Tolerance Applications
Authors: Gottem Ajay Kumar , Sundaramoorthy Arunmetha , Alagarsamy Aravindhan
Published: September 2022

Approximate adders were proposed as feasible solution in error-tolerant applications to provide a proper trade-off with accuracy over other circuit-based metrics like energy, area, and delay. State of art of approximate adders are shown in this work to improve the operational features significantly. To acquire a most benefits of approximation, in this paper approximation at lower echelons is presented. Two speculative adders are proposed, one with approximate adder cell and other with Parallel prefix Adder cell. Gate level implementation of proposed model are designed and implemented. The cost functions are compared against various FPGA standard architectures. Results of proposed approach indicate an average of 46% improvement in Area Delay Product (ADP) and compared with existing approximate adders.
Research and Implementation of Certificate Authentication System Based on Blockchain Technology
Authors: Wu Gang
Published: September 2022

Nowadays, in the process that the state attaches importance to the development of higher education, it is necessary to strengthen the management of students' degree certification, award certificates, examination certification, etc., so as to ensure the efficiency and transparency of education operation and protect students' future development. Taking the research and implementation of certificate authentication system based on blockchain technology as an example, this paper studies the design part of certificate authentication system and analyzes the implementation of chain code deployment of certificate authentication system based on blockchain technology. In this way, the level of certificate management in colleges and universities can be improved, the development of students can be better maintained, and the talents needed for national development can be trained.
EMİR ABDÜLKÂDİR EL-CEZÂİRÎ'NİN DİVANINDA EDEBİ SANATLAR
Authors: BEZCİ Ramazan
Published: September 2022

Emir Abdülkâdir el-Cezâirî, hem bir lider, hem bir mutasavvıf hem de şair kimliğiyle dikkatleri üzerine çeken tarihsel bir şahsiyettir. O, ince zekâsı, ilmi, cesaret ve savaşçı özelliği ile kendi zamanının parmakla gösterilen bir delikanlısı idi. Onun ailesi, dönemin Cezayir toplumunun en nüfuzlu ailelerinden biri olup Fransızların Cezayir’i işgali sırasında bu aile bağımsızlık mücadelesi önderliğini üstlenmiştir. Emir, babası Muhyiddîn b. Muhammed liderliğinde iki yıl Fransızlara karşı savaştıktan sonra, babası liderlik makamını ona bırakmıştır. O, savaş dehası ve cesareti ile Cezayir’in kurtuluş mücadelesinin simge ismi haline gelmiştir.
Bu çalışmada onun şair kimliğinin yansıması olarak divanındaki şiirlerinin barındırdığı edebi sanatlar ele alınacaktır. Zira Emir Abdülkâdir’in divanına yapılan en büyük eleştiri, onun şiirlerinin diğer şairlerin şiirleri kadar edebi olmadığı ve daha sığ ve basit kaldığı yönündedir. Böylece hem Arap edebiyat tarihçileri hem de Türk edebiyat tarihçileri tarafından gereken ilgiyi görmeyen Osmanlı Dönemi Arap edebiyatına da ışık tutulmaya çalışılacaktır.
Emir’in şiirlerini daha iyi değerlendirebilmek amacıyla onun hayatı hakkında kısa bilgiler verilmiş, sonra onun divanına yapılan tahkik ve baskılara değinilmiştir. Emir’in divanındaki şiirlerinde yer verdiği sanatsal örgüler incelenirken, yeterli ve kısa açıklamalardan sonra çalışmanın boyutu çerçevesinde birkaç örnekle değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, Emir’in divanındaki şiirlerin iddia edilenin aksine belagat unsurlarına ustaca yer verdiği görülmüştür.
De la extrañeza a la fascinación. Cineastas contemporáneas de animación experimental en España
Authors: Alcoz Albert
Published: September 2022

Analizar el cine de animación experimental realizado por mujeres en España a lo largo de la última década es el motivo principal de este artículo. Esclarecer la idiosincrasia de un conjunto de realizaciones creadas por cineastas femeninas que trabajan en la actualidad, dentro del panorama nacional, es el objetivo prioritario de una investigación inevitablemente parcial. En ella se establece un primer apartado que debate el concepto de “animación experimental” vinculado con la perspectiva de género y la cuestión identitaria. Describiendo tres procedimientos prácticos asociados a la experimentación fílmica, se estudia el trabajo de seis realizadoras audiovisuales de trayectoria consolidada. De este modo se indaga sobre los procesos de creación que se esconden en sus piezas, enfatizando su valor artístico y la reflexión teórica que desencadenan.
Exploraciones estéticas y simbólicas sobre la muerte y la infancia en los cortos stop motion de las realizadoras de la escuela de Jalisco
Authors: Gómez Gómez Carmen Elisa , Andalón Cecilia
Published: September 2022

Esta investigación desarrolla el análisis estético, formal e ideológico de tres cortometrajes de animación stop motion, filmados por Rita Basulto, Karla Castañeda y Sofía Carrillo en Jalisco, entre 2012 y 2017. Cada cineasta muestra una perspectiva diferente en su obra, pero con una riqueza de elementos en común, como el diseño apoyado en diferentes tradiciones pictóricas, incluyendo personajes que no intentan ser elegantes con una actitud convencional, sino que se califican como seres oscuros envueltos en atmósferas tenebrosas. Este estudio destaca qué misión posee el cine fantástico en cada cortometraje, complementando con el análisis sobre las atmósferas, estereotipos y algunas de las distinciones psicológicas más relevantes en cada caso de estudio.
Control multivaluado de sistemas hamiltonianos con puerto
Authors: Castaños Fernando
Published: September 2022

Se plantea el uso de leyes multivaluadas para el control de sistemas hamiltonianos con puerto. Se muestra que, si el control multivaluado satisface la propiedad de monotonía creciente, entonces la acción de control es pasiva, el sistema en lazo cerrado está bien definido y se logra la regulación de salida en forma robusta. Se propone una metodología concreta para construir controles máxima y monótonamente crecientes. El esquema de control se ajusta naturalmente a sistemas descritos originalmente por operadores multivaluados, como lo son los sistemas mecánicos con restricciones unilaterales y los circuitos con diodos y transistores.
Control por modos deslizantes de orden superior basado en funciones de Lyapunov
Authors: Moreno Jaime A. , Fridman Leonid
Published: September 2022

En este trabajo se presenta una panorámica del desarrollo de los métodos básicos de análisis y diseño de controladores y observadores por modos deslizantes de orden superior. Inicialmente se describen los controladores por retroalimentación de estados con una ley de control discontinua, que generan un modo deslizante de cualquier orden. Posteriormente se presenta una nueva clase de algoritmos por modos deslizantes de orden superior, que consisten en una retroalimentación de estados continua y una acción de control integral discontinua. Se describen también observadores por modos deslizantes, que estiman los estados del sistema en tiempo finito, y que permiten obtener un controlador por retroalimentación de la salida. Todos los diseños presentados se basan en el uso de funciones de Lyapunov (explícitas), que constituyen una contribución importante del grupo de trabajo de los autores en la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. La presentación es tutorial y solo se dan los resultados, dejando a un lado la formalización rigurosa y las pruebas matemáticas. Para ello se refiere al lector a la literatura pertinente. Se ilustran los resultados mediante simulaciones y la validación experimental en un sistema de levitación magnética.
Control de microrredes eléctricas de potencia: un enfoque hamiltoniano
Authors: Espinosa-Pérez Gerardo
Published: September 2022

En este trabajo se aborda el problema de control de Microrredes de potencia desde la perspectiva del Control Basado en Pasividad. Se presenta un esquema de control interno básico por medio del cual se garantiza que las variables asociadas a los convertidores de potencia tienden a valores de referencia pre-establecidos por un segundo esquema de control, el cual es responsable de un despacho de potencia adecuado. De manera especí­fica, se presentan tres alternativas de diseño para este segundo tipo de control. Los resultados presentados son una compilación de propuestas hechas bajo el enfoque de pasividad y explotan la propiedad fundamental de que las redes estudiadas exhiben una estructura de sistema Hamiltoniano Controlado por Puerto. En contraste con resultados frecuentemente utilizados en la literatura, para las contribuciones presentadas se incluye la prueba formal (matemática) de sus propiedades de estabilidad. Adicionalmente, se muestra como la estructura de los esquemas propuestos satisfacen todos los requisitos impuestos para obtener una implementación práctica atractiva.
Influence of alpha linolenic acid on the motility, viability, antioxidant activity and fertility of frozen-thawed New Zealand white rabbit buck semen
Authors: Fadl Aya Mohamed , El-Shahat Khaled Hafez , Abdelnaby Elshymaa Ahmed
Published: September 2022

Freezing and thawing processes result in production and accumulation of high concentrations of reactive oxygen species that are detrimental to spermatozoal motility and fertility. Therefore, supplementation of exogenous source of antioxidants to freezing diluent is crucial. The aim of the present study was to investigate for the first time whether supplementation of semen diluent with alpha linolenic acid (ALA) can improve motility, viability, membrane integrity, antioxidant status and fertility of post-thaw rabbit spermatozoa. Semen was collected and pooled from fifteen New Zealand white rabbit bucks. Semen samples were diluted with a tris-citrate-glucose (TCG) extender supplemented with ALA (0, 50, 75 and 100 μmol). Then, extended rabbit semen was cooled at 5°C and cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen. After thawing, spermatozoal quality parameters (individual motility %, viability %, osmotic resistance %, and acrosome integrity %), antioxidant activity (SOD, CAT, and GSH activities), lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde) and fertility (conception and kindling rates) were evaluated. Results revealed that supplementation of rabbit semen extender with 50 μmol ALA significantly (P<0.05) increased spermatozoal characteristics including motility (56.54%), viability (60.01%), acrosome status (72.66%) and membrane integrity (59.13%). The activity of semen antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GSH) showed a significant improvement with a marked decrease in lipid peroxidation. Moreover, the conception (73.30%) and kindling (70.00%) rates were significantly (P<0.05) higher in does inseminated with thawed semen treated with 50 μmol ALA in comparison with other concentrations (0, 75 and 100 μmol). In summary, supplementation of rabbit semen extender with 50 μmol ALA improved motility, viability, membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, antioxidant enzymes activity and fertility of post-thaw rabbit spermatozoa. Our findings suggested that higher concentrations of ALA are detrimental to post-thaw characteristics of New Zealand white rabbit buck spermatozoa. To achieve better results, the semen freezing extender should be supplemented with ALA at lower concentrations, especially 50 μmol.
Characterisation and functional analysis of the WIF1 gene and its role in hair follicle growth and development of the Angora rabbit
Authors: Zhao Bohao , Li Jiali , Zhang Xiyu , Bao Zhiyuan , Chen Yang , Wu Xinsheng
Published: September 2022

Growth and development of hair follicles (HF) is a complex and dynamic process in most mammals. As HF growth and development regulate rabbit wool yield, exploring the role of genes involved in HF growth and development may be relevant. In this study, the coding sequence of the Angora rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) WIF1 gene was cloned. The length of the coding region sequence was found to be 1140 bp, which encodes 379 amino acids. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the WIF1 protein was unstable, hydrophilic and located in the extracellular region, contained a putative signal peptide and exhibited a high homology in different mammals. Moreover, WIF1 was significantly downregulated in the high wool production in the Angora rabbit group. Overexpression and knockdown studies revealed that WIF1 regulates HF growth and development-related genes and proteins, such as LEF1 and CCND1. WIF1 activated β-catenin/TCF transcriptional activity, promoted cell apoptosis and inhibited cellular proliferation. These results indicate that WIF1 might be important for HF development. This study, therefore, provides a theoretical foundation for investigating WIF1 in HF growth and development.
Differentiation of carcinosarcoma from endometrial carcinoma on magnetic resonance imaging using deep learning
Authors: Saida Tsukasa , Mori Kensaku , Hoshiai Sodai , Sakai Masafumi , Urushibara Aiko , Ishiguro Toshitaka , Satoh Toyomi , Nakajima Takahito
Published: September 2022

Introduction

To verify whether deep learning can be used to differentiate between carcinosarcomas (CSs) and endometrial carcinomas (ECs) using several magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences.

Material and methods

This retrospective study included 52 patients with CS and 279 patients with EC. A deep-learning model that uses convolutional neural networks (CNN) was trained with 572 T2-weighted images (T2WI) from 42 patients, 488 apparent diffusion coefficient of water maps from 33 patients, and 539 fat-saturated contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images from 40 patients with CS, as well as 1612 images from 223 patients with EC for each sequence. These were tested with 9-10 images of 9-10 patients with CS and 56 images of 56 patients with EC for each sequence, respectively. Three experienced radiologists independently interpreted these test images. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for each sequence were compared between the CNN models and the radiologists.

Results

The CNN model of each sequence had sensitivity 0.89-0.93, specificity 0.44-0.70, accuracy 0.83-0.89, and AUC 0.80-0.94. It also showed an equivalent or better diagnostic performance than the 3 readers (sensitivity 0.43-0.91, specificity 0.30-0.78, accuracy 0.45-0.88, and AUC 0.49-0.92). The CNN model displayed the highest diagnostic performance on T2WI (sensitivity 0.93, specificity 0.70, accuracy 0.89, and AUC 0.94).

Conclusions

Deep learning provided diagnostic performance comparable to or better than experienced radiologists when distinguishing between CS and EC on MRI.
Can clot size and stenotic degree predict perfusion defects
on conventional computed tomographic pulmonary angiography in diagnoses of pulmonary embolism?
Authors: Choochuen Panjai , Kiranantawat Nantaka , Nirattisaikul Sitang , Khanungwanitkul Khanin , Chongsuvivatwong Virasakdi
Published: September 2022

Introduction

To evaluate clot size and stenotic degree on conventional computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA) with perfusion defect.

Material and methods

Fifty-two pulmonary embolism (PE) patients with 144 PE locations underwent dual-energy CTPA with an iodine distribution map. Each PE location was rated as to whether there was a perfusion defect. Clot size, stenotic degree, and other associated PE findings were evaluated. These findings were then correlated with whether the perfusion defect was present.

Results

There were no associations between demographics, clinical characteristics, anatomical data, and perfusion defect. The median iodine concentration ratio was 0.11. Imaging interpretation by 2 thoracic radiologists had excellent agreement. The clot size and stenotic degree in PE were significant predictors of perfusion defect on conventional CTPA. Lesions with higher degrees of stenosis had higher percentages of perfusion defect. The generalized estimating equation (GEE) logistic regression confirmed that clot size and stenotic degree could predict PE perfusion defects on conventional CTPA.

Conclusions

The 2 significant predictors of perfusion defect were occluded vessels in both small and large branches together, or complete occlusion of the pulmonary artery.
The Significance of soluble CD40 and CD40 ligand levels in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients
Authors: GÖK Veysel , ÖZCAN Alper , YILMAZ Ebru , KARAKÜKCÜ Musa , PATIROĞLU Türkan , ÖZDEMİR Mehmet Akif , ÜNAL Ekrem
Published: September 2022

Background and aim: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most prevalent malignant disorder in childhood. CD40 is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family. Soluble CD40 (sCD40) was previously found to be associated with poor prognosis in adult patients with hematologic malignancies such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and multiple myeloma. Experience in children, however, is rather limited. The present study aimed to investigate the significance of sCD40 and sCD40 ligand in children with ALL.

Materials and Method: This study recruited 44 children treated at Erciyes University, Division of Pediatric Hematology & Oncology between February 2008 and February 2010. We investigated the relationship between sCD40/sCD40 ligand at the diagnosis and remission during continuation phase with the prognosis of children with ALL. We also considered the data on treatment response, relapse, and outcome.

Findings: The participating patients (20 girls and 25 boys) were between 22 months - 18 years (mean 7.6 ± 4.6 years) and had leukocytes at diagnosis between 870 - 741,660/mm3 (median 15,150/mm3). Thirty-five patients were diagnosed with B, whereas nine were diagnosed with T phenotype. In this cohort, 13 patients were classified in the standard-risk (SR) group, 20 patients were put in the intermediate-risk (IR) group, and 11 patients were categorized in the (HR) group according to the Turkish Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Berlin Frankfurt Munich (TR-ALL BFM) protocol. The serum levels of CD40/CD40 ligand at diagnosis were 22.41±9.91 ng/ml and 15.17±5.49 ng/ml, respectively, whereas these levels at remission were 0.22±0.38 ng/ml and 1.04±0.51 ng/ml, respectively. We detected significant changes in CD40 and CD40 ligand levels (p = 0.008 and p<0.005, respectively) and early response on the 8th day. Although not significantly correlated with sCD40, the final outcome had a significant relationship with early response detected on the 8th day of treatment. We found the cut-off value of sCD40 to be 28.15 ng/dL in our cohort. The effect of sCD40 on event-free survival was clinically significant, but it did not yield statistical significance.

Conclusion: Overall, our findings suggest that sCD40 is measured as increased at diagnosis of childhood ALL. On the basis of its physiological effect, sCD40 may have a role in modulating antitumor response in pediatric ALL and be a useful prognostic marker.
Ocular pulse amplitude and hemodynamic in controlled asymmetric glaucoma: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Civelekler Mustafa
Published: September 2022

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between glaucoma severity, ocular pulse amplitude (OPA), and hemodynamic variables.

Methods: Thirty-one Asymmetric primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) cases (one eye with better MD, fellow eye with worst MD) who applied to the glaucoma outpatient clinic of Gulhane Military Medical Faculty Hospital between January 1, 2006, and June 30, 2007, were included in this cross-sectional study. Patients using beta-blockers or alpha-adrenergic agonists were excluded. The patients went on using glaucoma medications. Asymmetricity was assessed if a visual field means deviation (MD) difference ≥6 decibels existed between the eyes. Mean MD and pattern standard deviation, diurnal OPA, and intraocular pressure( IOP) (7 am, 9 am, 11 am, 1 pm, 3 pm, 5 pm, 7 pm, 9 pm,11 pm, 1 am, 4 am), central corneal thickness, peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), PSV/EDV, pulsatility index (PI), resistivity index (RI) for internal carotid artery and ophthalmic artery were measured with color Doppler ultrasonography.

Results: The differences in mean diurnal IOP and mean diurnal OPA between the eyes were statistically insignificant. Each diurnal IOP and OPA values and coefficient of variability of diurnal IOP and OPA were statistically insignificant between the groups. There was no significant difference in PSV, EDV, PSV/EDV, PI, and RI between the better-MD and worse-MD eyes. The correlations between mean IOP/mean OPA, and each diurnal IOP/OPA values were insignificant.

Conclusion: These results suggest that ocular hemodynamics are affected after a critical point in the evolution of glaucoma. The severity of glaucoma is not directly related to pulsatile ocular blood flow.
Triosephosphate isomerase deficiency in an infant
Authors: KARACA Merve , GÖK Veysel , ALAKUŞ SARI Ümmü , DÜNDAR Mehmet Akif , AYDIN Firdevs , ÖZCAN Alper , YILMAZ Ebru , CANPOLAT Mehmet , CEYLANER Serdar , KARDAŞ Fatih , KARAKUKCU Musa , ÜNAL Ekrem
Published: September 2022

Triosephosphate isomerase deficiency is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by progressive neuromuscular degeneration, seizure, dystonia, weak muscles, cardiomyopathy, hemolytic anemia, and death in early childhood. In the glycolytic pathway, dihydroxy acetone phosphate (DHAP) is converted to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate by an enzymatic reaction. The reaction is catalyzed by the TPI enzyme.  In TPI deficiency, erythrocyte viability is reduced due to insufficient anaerobic respiration and DHAP accumulation causes toxic effects on cells. A 2-month-old boy initially presented with infection and moderate anemia. Respiratory distress and neurological symptoms developed shortly thereafter. He was followed up with a mechanical ventilator for a long time. A homozygous pathogenic variant in the TPI1 gene was detected in the genetic analysis performed due to the progressive neurodegeneration and the need of intermittent erythrocyte transfusion in the follow-up. Here, an infant case with triosephosphate isomerase enzyme deficiency is presented.
Pelo direito de transgredir: Virginia Woolf e história intelectual
Authors: Guedes Ana Carolina De Azevedo
Published: September 2022

O presente artigo busca promover uma breve incursão no ensaio A torre inclinada (1940), produzida por Virginia Woolf, a fim de traçar as possibilidades do texto literário como artefato para a escrita de uma história intelectual como compreendida por Dominick LaCapra. O objetivo é demonstrar como a literatura encontra caminho de colaboração com a história para a compreensão de um acesso ao ethos intelectual inglês em vias do início da Segunda Guerra Mundial (1939-1941).
An exploration of hotel employees' work conditions and their effect on service delivery : Durban, KwaZulu-Natal
Authors:   , Ntshele Nosipho Pamela
Published: September 2022

The hotel industry is a service-oriented business; hence it is every hotel’s mission to receive guests consistently in order to be profitable. One of the factors that sets one hotel apart from another in this endeavour is the ability to recruit employees who are not only capable, but who give their all to enhance the customer experience. One of the objectives of the 2011 National Tourism Sector Strategy (NTSS) is to provide decent work and to develop employees working within the Tourism sector (Tourism 2011: 10). Despite this objective, there are perceptions that the hospitality industry does not provide a decent work environment and work conditions. This factor directly affects the job satisfaction of employees (Abuhashesh, Al-Dmour and Masa'deh 2019: 2). For this reason, this study aimed to establish through an empirical study the correlation between an employee’s level of job satisfaction and their working conditions in the hotel and leisure industry in Durban, KwaZulu-Natal. The study also sought to examine and identify, through a literature review and empirical study, the factors that affect job satisfaction (motivators and de-motivators) and the effect thereof on service delivery in the hotel and leisure industry. The literature review included literature and theories from within South Africa, as well as internationally, that are significant to working conditions and service delivery by hotel employees. A mixed method approach (a quantitative Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ) and a qualitative semi-structured interview) was used in this study to ascertain the levels of job satisfaction of hotel employees and the factors contributing to this statement. This study only focused on the departments where employees have direct contact with guests (Rooms Division, Food and Beverage, as well as the Housekeeping department). The quantitative data was analysed using SPSS version 26.0, a statistical software package and the qualitative data was analysed using the thematic analysis. The findings revealed a strong correlation between the employee’s level of job satisfaction and their working conditions. Findings further affirmed factors that affect job satisfaction as being hotel working conditions; relationship with colleagues; access to resources; job security; recognition; and salary/compensation. However, the results ascertained the levels of job satisfaction as not being a contributing factor towards work performance in the hotel. The study also includes a conceptual framework which could assist supervisors, managers and decision-makers, hotel officials and other stakeholders within the tourism and hospitality industry on strategies that may be explored to mitigate and prevent conditions that could lead to employee dissatisfaction in the hotel work environment
Linear Feedback Control Design for Fractional Order Cryptovirology Stabilization in a Blockchain System
Authors: Hadji Mohsen Mohamed , Ladaci Samir
Published: September 2022

This paper proposes a linear feedback control of design in order to stabilize the fractional order chaotic cryptovirology in a blockchain. An optimized feedback controller is obtained by the use of Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm (PSO). A numerical simulation shows the effectiveness of the proposed controller in stabilizing the system to an unstable fixed point.
Application of two different spectrophotometric approaches for the determination of a new antihypertensive combination: Graphical and statistical representation of the data
Authors: Magdy Ragaa , Hemdan Ahmed , Fares Nermine Victor , Farouk Maha
Published: September 2022

Speciﬁc, and precise spectrophotometric methods are developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of the binary antihypertensive mixture nebivolol hydrochloride and valsartan in the zero-order spectrum. The methods applied for the determination of this antihypertensive mixture are constant center spectrophotometric resolution technique, constant center spectrum subtraction resolution technique, and advanced concentration value. Nebivolol hydrochloride was determined by its zero order spectra at 280 and 213 nm while for valsartan it determined by its zero order spectra at 250 nm. All developed methods were applied for the determination of the cited drugs in the pharmaceutical formulation and the results obtained were statistically compared with each other and with those of the reported method. The comparison showed that there is no significant difference between the proposed methods and the reported method regarding both accuracy and precision.
Effective removal of arsenic (V) from aqueous solutions using efficient CuO/TiO2 nanocomposite adsorbent
Authors: Farooq Saima , Siddiqa Asima , Ashraf Sobia , Haider Sabtain , Imran Saiqa , Shahida Shabnam , Qaisar Sara
Published: September 2022

The groundwater is one of the biggest natural resources for providing drinking water to millions of people all around the globe. However, the presence of large amount of arsenic(V) in water causes serious health hazards to the consumers which necessitates the development of cost-effective remediation. The CuO/TiO2 nanocomposites were prepared by the precipitation-deposition method for the removal of the arsenate ion (AsO43-) from water. The prepared samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, and scanning electron microscopy to examine crystallite size and structure, material purity, textural features, morphology, and surface area. The effect of different operating parameters such as pH, contact time, initial concentration of arsenic(V) and nanocomposite dose on the removal rate of arsenic(V) was examined to optimize the adsorption performance of the CuO/TiO2 nanocomposite. In addition, the adsorption mechanism was studied by employing Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms to gain better understanding of the adsorption mechanism. The Freundlich adsorption isotherm fits well with the experimental data and the maximum adsorption capacity of the Langmuir model was found to be 90 mg/g for arsenic(V). The CuO/TiO2 nanocomposite shows remarkable adsorption performance for the treatment of arsenic(V) contaminated water samples. This study provides a cost-effective solution for the safe use of groundwater contaminated with arsenic.
Exploring the diastereoselectivity for Fischer indolization of L-menthone under different conditions, spectral characterization, and biological activities of new (2R,4aS)-2,3,4,4a-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole analogs
Authors: Younus Munisaa , Ahsan Marium , Huda Noor-ul , Khan Maria Aqeel , Rasheed Saima , Sadiq Rabia , Basha Fatima Zehra
Published: September 2022

Tetrahydrocarbazoles are important class of heterocycles that exhibit numerous biological properties. They are also found in several natural products. In the present study, Fischer indolization of L-menthone was investigated for diastereoselectivity using different reaction conditions. No appreciable diastereoselectivity was observed for the acids used except CuBr and boric acid at varying temperatures, where satisfactory results were obtained. In addition, a small library of new (2R,4aS)-2,3,4,4a-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole analogs was reported and structurally characterized using spectroscopic techniques herein. Additionally, the compounds were evaluated against different biological activities, such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitory, immunomodulatory, and anticancer activities and did not show any activity. As the synthesized library was found safe when tested against cytotoxicity in normal cell line, it will be explored for other biological activities in near future to identify its biological outcome.
iNOS inhibitors: Benzimidazole-coumarin derivatives to combat inflammation
Authors: Minhas Richa , Bansal Yogita
Published: September 2022

Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) plays an important role in the inflammatory processes via accelerating the production of nitric oxide (NO). The efforts to develop small molecules as selective inhibitors of iNOS are being reported across the globe. The current study explores varied benzimidazole-coumarin derivatives as anti-iNOS agents. Literature survey suggests 2-aminobenzimidazole, coumarin nucleus, and 4-atom linker as important structural components for iNOS inhibition. Target compounds were designed and synthesized by coupling 2-aminobenzimidazole with (un)substituted coumarin through different linkers. These were docked in iNOS (1QW4) and nNOS (1QW6) targets to ascertain their iNOS selectivity, and evaluated for NO and iNOS inhibitory activities in vitro. The most active inhibitors were subsequently evaluated for acute toxicity and anti-inflammatory activity using carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model in vivo. All compounds possessed moderate to good NO and iNOS inhibitory activities. Compounds 14a, 14b, 14d, and 14e were the most potent inhibitors in vitro. These were found to significantly reduce the inflammation. Compounds 14d and 14e have been identified as the most potent iNOS inhibitors to combat inflammation. These derivatives may serve as potential compounds as such against iNOS, or as leads for the development of novel anti-iNOS agents.
Evaluation of the effects of significant factors and interactions on the enrichment of arsenic and chromium by pipette tip solid phase extraction using novel P-ZrO2CeO2ZnO nanoparticles/alginate beads
Authors: Hokonya Nichodimus , Mahamadi Courtie , Muchanyereyi Netai Mukaratirwa , Gutu Timothy
Published: September 2022

The study seeks to determine the most significant factors affecting arsenic and chromium enrichment using novel P-ZrO2CeO2ZnO nanoparticles/alginate beads in order to minimize the total number of runs needed to successfully run the experiment. The effects of interactions between factors were also evaluated so that the optimum conditions which are not affected by the other factors are chosen for the experiments. The most significant factors on arsenic and chromium enrichment were screened for by using a half-factorial design, followed by the optimization of significant factors using the full-factorial design, and the interaction between factors was determined using ANOVA and interaction plots. The most significant factors for chromium recovery were sample volume, eluent flow rate, and sorbent dosage. For both chromium and arsenic recovery, interactions occurred between sample volume, dosage, and pH. The optimum conditions chosen for the experiment that gave favourable results for both metal ions were sample volume 5 mL, dosage 40 mg, pH = 7 and eluent flow rate 1 mL/min. This study showed that a preliminary screening step for the most significant factors for arsenic and chromium enrichment helps to reduce the number of total runs, and for the same experiment interactions between factors were present; hence, it is necessary to take this into account during the experimental design.
A new hydrazide functionalized Schiff’s base derivative: Insights into crystallography, Hirshfeld surface, and energy framework analysis
Authors: Malviya Vivek Prakash , Dutta Archisman
Published: September 2022

A new hydrazide functionalized Schiff’s base derivative, N'-(3,4-dichlorobenzylidene)-4-hydroxybenzohydrazide (I), has been synthesized using a solvent-assisted mechano-chemical grinding strategy and structurally characterized using elemental analysis, 1H NMR and crystallographic studies. The single crystal X-ray diffraction study depicts that molecule is puckered with two aromatic rings lying out-of-plane in near anti-configuration across the C=N bond. The weak interactions involved in supramolecular framework formation are Cl···O, Cl···Cl, Cl···H, Cl···N, C···H, and O···H contacts. The intermolecular O···H interaction being stronger than other dispersive interactions such as halogen bonding, interlocks the molecules in a 2D sheet-type packing. All the structure directing interactions involved in developing crystal architecture are addressed with Hirshfeld surface analysis and fingerprint plots. The energy framework analysis shows visualization of 3D topology of short contacts related to molecular packing of compound I which further clarifies the predominance of both Coulombic and dispersive energies in developing supramolecular architecture.
Editorial Board
Authors: Arslan Hakan
Published: September 2022

Editorial Board
EDUCAÇÃO EM SAÚDE: QUALIDADE NO CUIDADO HUMANIZADO POR MEIO DO ENFERMEIRO
Authors: Izidório Bruno Henrique Souza , Virgínio Jéssica de Abreu , Moraes Linda Amanda Gomes de , Badaró Mylena Aparecida de Souza , Marcial Rafaela Cintia da Silva , Fernandes Raphaella Pio Camargos
Published: September 2022

Objetivo: Demonstrar a partir dos enfermeiros e equipe de enfermagem, quanto ao cuidado humanizado ofertado ao paciente durante um processo de doença, de modo que, haja coerência nos atos e deveres e principalmente qualidade do trabalho ofertado. Métodos: Estudo descritivo-qualitativo desenvolvido a partir de uma pesquisa integrativa. Utilizado corte temporal de dez anos, de 2011 a 2020.  Resultados: É essencial que o enfermeiro e sua equipe trabalhem com coesão e qualidade determinada pela sua conduta, a fim de que haja educação em saúde ofertada com a máxima oportunidade de crescimento e que proporcione e capacite cada vez mais o profissional, para que crie e vivencie cuidados voltados principalmente para a dignidade da vida alheia e que o paciente com determinadas diretrizes, se sinta acolhido e tenha promoção voltada a sua saúde. Conclusão: Dessa forma concluímos que, há a necessidade de promover saúde, com eficácias voltadas à educação promoção e prevenção em saúde, desde que se desdenhe de forma qualitativa no tratamento e continuidade de determinantes em saúde-doença.
LEI MARIANA FERRER CRIMES SEXUAIS E OS AVANÇOS NA PROTEÇÃO DOS DIREITOS DAS MULHERES
Authors: Naves Luiza Linhares , Botelho Daniela Garcia
Published: September 2022

Em diversos casos a intolerância envolvendo a culpabilidade da vítima no Brasil é significativa, pois muitos ainda consideram que o crime sexual teria se dado em decorrência do comportamento da mulher, questionando sua roupa, seu modo de agir e até mesmo o local durante o ato criminoso. Sendo primordial proporcionar maior proteção às vítimas de crimes sexuais, avaliando as questões ligadas à dignidade sexual e os reflexos gerados pelo estupro, o advento da lei nº 14.425/21 torna-se fundamental gerando mudanças protetivas relevantes na legislação. Para tanto, procede-se à pesquisa bibliográfica. Parte-se da hipótese de que a lei nº 14.425/21 tem como base o caso da influenciadora digital Mariana Ferrer, a qual ocupava a posição de vítima de crime de estupro de vulnerável em um processo judicial, uma vez que estava sob efeito de álcool durante relações sexuais. No curso do processo, o advogado do réu expôs fotos da influenciadora humilhando-a visando inverter a situação a favor do seu cliente. Dessa forma, ressalta-se a necessidade de regular algumas situações ligadas à proteção de vítimas e testemunhas no curso das ações, principalmente acerca da coibição da prática de atos atentatórios à dignidade daquelas e estabelecer aumento de pena do crime de coação.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO TRATAMENTO HUMANIZADO EM PACIENTES TERMINAIS
Authors: Correia Ana Laura Silva , Perez Iara Maria Pires
Published: September 2022

A humanidade é um tema recorrente no setor saúde nos dias atuais, seja nas redes privadas ou públicas. É fundamental vinculá-la à prática de todo e qualquer profissional que componha equipes multidisciplinares em qualquer setor desenvolvido. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar, por meio da literatura e artigos científicos, como o tratamento humanizado de pacientes com diagnóstico avançado de câncer pode contribuir para a eficácia de seu tratamento por meio de recursos clínicos. A humanização no cuidado tem sido amplamente discutida em diversos estudos sobre sua importância, sua implementação, os desafios de sua implantação não somente no âmbito da terapia intensiva como em todos os graus de complexidade da assistência.
Hybrid water adsorption and solubility partitioning for aerosol hygroscopicity and droplet growth
Authors: Gohil Kanishk , Mao Chun-Ning , Rastogi Dewansh , Peng Chao , Tang Mingjin , Asa-Awuku Akua
Published: September 2022

Abstract. In this work, we studied the cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity and subsaturated droplet growth of phthalic acid (PTA), isophthalic acid, (IPTA) and terephthalic acid (TPTA), significant benzene polycarboxylic acids and structural isomers found in the atmosphere. Köhler theory (KT) can be effectively applied for hygroscopicity analysis of PTA due to its higher aqueous solubility compared to IPTA and TPTA. As with other hygroscopicity studies of partially water-soluble and effectively water-insoluble species, the supersaturated and subsaturated hygroscopicity derived from KT principles do not agree. To address the disparities in the sub- and supersaturated droplet growth, we developed a new analytical framework called the Hybrid Activity Model (HAM). HAM incorporates the aqueous solubility of a solute within an adsorption-based activation framework. Frenkel–Halsey–Hill (FHH) adsorption theory (FHH-AT) was combined with the aqueous solubility of the compound to develop HAM. Analysis from HAM was validated using laboratory measurements of pure PTA, IPTA, TPTA and PTA–IPTA internal mixtures. Furthermore, the results generated using HAM were tested against traditional KT and FHH-AT to compare their water uptake predictive capabilities. A single hygroscopicity parameter was also developed based on the HAM framework. Results show that the HAM-based hygroscopicity parameter can successfully simulate the water uptake
behavior of the pure and internally mixed samples. Results indicate that the HAM framework may be applied to atmospheric aerosols of varying chemical structures and aqueous solubility.
Measurement report: Characterisation and sources of the secondary organic carbon in a Chinese megacity over 5 years from 2016 to 2020
Authors: Wang Meng , Duan Yusen , Xu Wei , Wang Qiyuan , Zhang Zhuozhi , Yuan Qi , Li Xinwei , Han Shuwen , Tong Haijie , Huo Juntao , Chen Jia , Gao Shan , Wu Zhongbiao , Cui Long , Huang Yu , Xiu Guangli , Cao Junji , Fu Qingyan , Lee Shun-cheng
Published: September 2022

Abstract. To investigate impact factors and source area of secondary organic aerosols
in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region, a world-class urban agglomeration
in China, long-term measurements of organic carbon (OC) and elementary
carbon (EC) in particulate matter of less than 2.5 µm (PM2.5) with
hourly time resolution were conducted at a regional site in Shanghai from
2016 to 2020. Based on the 5-year measurements, the interannual, monthly,
seasonal, and diurnal variations in OC and EC, as well as OC subtypes, i.e.
secondary OC (SOC) and primary OC (POC), apportioned by the novel
statistical model of the minimum R2 method, and the formation pathways
of SOC, are presented. By examining the relationship between SOC and
temperature, as well as relative humidity (RH), we show that SOC formation
is greatly enhanced at high temperatures (> 30 ∘C), whereas it
correlates inversely with RH. In particular, we show that the
photochemical formation of SOC is the major formation pathway even in winter,
when solar radiation was supposedly less intense than in summer, which is
different from that in the north China plain, where aqueous phase chemistry is
found to be an important SOC formation pathway. Moreover, increased SOC
concentrations are also found to be associated with high wind speed
(> 5 m s−1) in winter, which is increased by 29.1 % (2.62
µg m−3) when compared with that during lower winds, suggesting
regional sources of SOC in winter. By analysing the potential source regions
using the concentration-weighted trajectory (CWT), the geographic regions of
SOC are found to be mainly associated with transport from outside Shanghai
(SOC > 3.5 µg m−3) including central and southern
Anhui, Zhejiang, and Fujian. The results from this study provide critical
information about the long-term trend of carbonaceous aerosol, in particular,
SOC, in one of the largest megacities in the world, and are helpful for
developing pollution control measures from a long-term planning perspective.