bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Task-based Language Learning in Bilingual Montessori Elementary Schools: Customizing Foreign Language Learning and Promoting L2 Speaking Skills
Authors: Winnefeld Jana
Published: March 2021

Foreign language learning has been a part of German elementary schools for several years now. Montessori schools focusing on individual learning, i.e. mostly independent from the teacher and based on auto-education, interest, and free choice, are also asked to teach an L2. The original lack of a concept of L2 learning for this environment has brought forth different approaches. Bilingual education seems to be feasible and applicable in Montessori education. The downside to this is that even in a bilingual classroom the Montessori way of learning may not allow for very much oral production of the foreign language. The role of L2 production (cf. Swain 1985, 1995, 2005) for language acquisition has been theoretically claimed and empirically investigated. Output can have a positive influence on L2 learning (cf. e.g. Izumi 2002, Keck et al. 2006). This also applies to interaction (cf. Long 1996), where negotiation of meaning and modified output are factors supporting L2 development (cf. e.g. de la Fuente 2002, McDonough 2005). Task-based Language Learning (TBLL) presents itself as one way to promote oral language production and to provide opportunities for meaning-negotiation. Especially tasks with required information exchange and a closed outcome have been shown to be beneficial for the elicitation of negotiation of meaning and modified output. This paper argues that TBLL is a promising approach for the facilitation of L2 production and thus the development of speaking skills in a Montessori context. It also hypothesizes that TBLL can be implemented in a bilingual Montessori environment while still making the Montessori way of learning possible. Different tasks on various topics, examples of which are presented in this article, can lay the foundation for this. Offering such tasks in a bilingual Montessori elementary classroom promises to foster language production and the use of communication strategies like negotiation of meaning, both being facilitative for L2 acquisition. This hypothesis remains to be tested in future research.
Critical Participatory Looping: An Agencing Process for Mass Customization in Language Education
Authors: Murphey Tim , Falout Joseph
Published: March 2021

Critical Participatory Looping (CPL) (cf. Falout and Murphey 2010; Murphey and Falout 2010) involves returning processed data from surveys or assignments back to students for further reflection and analysis in small groups. CPL affords dialogical interaction among class members (including the teacher), which can encourage them all as agents developing their own self-determination through action—otherwise known as agencing (cf. Murphey 2010, Nelson and Murphey, 2011). In this paper we first describe the kinds of customization that invite agency, then for CPL provide three examples of teaching and researching with it, theorize on its processes and potential, and discuss its correlates with other domains and mass customization.
Nueva aproximación a la semántica de IR en gallego: contribución a un diccionario analítico de construcciones
Authors: Andión Xosé Soto
Published: March 2021

This article is based on our research about intransitive syntactic-semantic schemes and on our studies about the production of an analytical dictionary of structures for the Galician language. It centres on schemes with ir nucleus, schemes which imply actions with movement, process, states and other events. Some of the constructions presented can have equivalent structures in different Iberian romance languages; others are examples that are exclusive to the Galician. The results obtained can also be the basis for other contrastive or comparative projects and for the production of conventional and structural dictionaries.
How to Deal with Non-Dominant Languages – Metalinguistic Discourses on Low German in the Nineteenth Century
Authors: Langer Nils , Langhanke Robert
Published: March 2021

This paper discusses nineteenth-century metalinguistic discussions of Low German, an authochthonous of Northern Germany, which, having lost its status as a written language suitable for formal discourse during the Early Modern period, has since been reduced to the spoken domain. During the nineteenth century the language was on the verge of enjoying a revival, with original poetry being published and extensive discussions as to whether Low German ought to play a role in formal education. As this article shows, this discussion was intense and controversial. Comparing the views of Klaus Groth, the leading proponent of Low German in the second half of the nineteenth century, with the internal debates amongst school teachers - hitherto never discussed by the scholarly literature – this article demonstrates the intellectual and ideological split felt by these educational practioners in their views of Low German: on the one hand, they recognise the cultural value of Low German as the historical language of the North and the native language of the pupils they teach, on the other hand they agree with each other that the language of education and science, as well as national unity, can only be High German. We hope to show with our discussion not only how very similar modern thinking on the use of Low German is to these historical discussions but also how the status and perception of many regional and minority languages across the world has been subject to the same or very similar thoughts and pressures.
A Content Analysis of Colour-term Conceptual Metaphors in Modern Persian Poetry
Authors: Aliakbari Mohammad , Shabani Mohammad Baghery , Khosravian Fereshteh
Published: March 2021

This study sought answers related to the distribution of colour terms in Persian poems and their metaphoric reflection in poets' beliefs, ideas, or values. In so doing, 137 Persian verses from two poetry books with colour terms in content were considered for the analysis. Four raters who studied literature of Persian scrutinized the verses for the evaluation of the colour metaphoric conceptualizations. To validate the raters' suggestions, a focus group of sixteen commented on the recommended connotations. Results indicated that colours are not similarly distributed in Persian poems, are used with different conceptualizations and stood for both positive and negative connotations. Therefore, since colours are part of the authors' and speakers' daily lives to express information, knowledge of metaphoric expressions is suggested to be an inseparable part of language classes.
Zum geschlechtergerechten Sprachgebrauch am Beispiel deutscher und polnischer Stellenausschreibungen
Authors: Cieszkowski Marek
Published: March 2021

The subject of consideration is the issue of using terms for professions which linguistically discriminate women or men in German and Polish job offers. Problems connected with the above were presented in the context of achievements of feminist linguistics in Germany and comprise a critical view of language asymmetries in Polish as well as the way of presenting it in Polish scientific discourses.
A Rank Order of Accurate Use at the
Syntax-Pragmatics Interface:
Evidence from French and Spanish L2 Acquisition
Authors: Work Nicola
Published: March 2021

In an attempt to investigate the vulnerability of the syntax-pragmatics interface and to shed light on the acquisition of subjects and objects in two different languages, namely the [+null subject] language Spanish and the [-null subject] language French, this article presents evi-dence from a crossectional and crosslinguistic university classroom study. The experiment in-vestigated various linguistic structures whose use is determined by information structure: pre-verbal subjects, null subjects, postverbal subjects and in situ objects with preverbal subjects, in situ objects with null subjects, Clitic Left Dislocations (CLLD) with null and with postverbal subjects in Spanish; subject clitics, subject dislocations, c'est clefts and in situ objects with subject clitics, in situ objects with subject dislocations, CLLDs with subject clefts and with subject dislocations in French. 76 English learners of French, 67 English learners of Spanish as well as 5 native French controls and 8 native Spanish controls participated in the study. Re-sults of the rating task evaluating learners' pragmatic intuitions indicate a crosslinguistic rank order of acquisition.
Deutsche und polnische Phraseologie und Parömiologie im Kontakt und Kontrast
Authors: Szczęk Joanna
Published: March 2021

Das vorliegende Themenheft versammelt Beiträge, in denen der aktuelle Forschungsstand im Bereich der deutsch-polnischen und polnisch-deutschen Phraseologie und Parömiologie präsentiert wird. Die Idee zu diesem Themenheft ergab sich aus dem großen Interesse, dessen sich kontrastive Untersuchungen im Bereich der Phraseologie und Parömiologie erfreuen. Die Leistungen und Forschungsergebnisse der polnischen Germanistik sind daher nicht zu übersehen, zumal hier große Verdienste im Bereich der Phraseographie, Phraseodidaktik und der Untersuchung von semantischen Feldern in der Phraseologie aus kontrastiver Perspektive zu verzeichnen sind.
La traducció a Catalunya (2018-2019)
Authors: Comellas Casanova Pere
Published: March 2021

A Catalunya la traducció ha seguit tenint un paper molt rellevant en el món editorial durant els anys 2018 i 2019. La importància d’aquesta activitat s’evidencia en relació amb el total de llibres traduïts publicats, que continua sent molt més alt a Catalunya que a la mitjana de l’Estat espanyol. L’anglès segueix sent la llengua font més important, tot i que en alguns gèneres determinats apareguin altres llengües destacades, com ara el japonès (manga). Durant el període analitzat es destaca la importància d’algunes traduccions del rus, el xinès, el japonès, el grec clàssic, el polonès, el turc o el francès. Els premis a la traducció segueixen centrats en la traducció literària, classificats per llengües font i gèneres, i atorgats per institucions, d’entre les quals destaquen les universitats públiques. Hi segueix havent una important activitat de recerca sobre la traducció, que es manifesta en publicacions especialitzades, reunions científiques i tesis doctorals.
Anxiety, depression, stress, fear and social support during COVID-19 pandemic among Jordanian healthcare workers
Authors: Alnazly Eman , Khraisat Omar M. , Al-Bashaireh Ahmad M. , Bryant Christine L.
Published: March 2021

The emergence of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected health-care workers’ psychological and mental health. Few studies have been conducted examining the psychological effect of COVID-19 on health-care worker psychological health in Jordan. Therefore, the present study aims to assess the respective levels of fear, anxiety, depression, stress, social support, and the associated factors, experienced by Jordanian health-care workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic. This study adopted a cross-sectional, correlational design to collect data from 365 health-care workers in Amman, Jordan, from August 16th to 23rd, 2020. Along with collecting sociodemographic characteristics, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support electronically administered to participants. The majority of the participants (69.3%) were registered nurses. The mean overall score for the Fear of COVID-19 scale was 23.64 (SD + 6.85) which again exceeded the mid-point for the total score range (21), indicating elevated level fear of the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants had displayed extremely severe depression 40%, extremely severe anxiety 60%, and 35% severely distressed. Scores for depression (21.30 ± 10.86), anxiety (20.37 ± 10.80), stress (23.33 ± 10.87) were also high. Factors determined to be associated with psychological distress were being male, married, aged 40 years and older, and having more clinical experience. Assessment of social support indicated moderate-to-high levels of perceived support for all dimensions (significant other: 5.17 ± 1.28, family: 5.03 ± 1.30, friends: 5.05 ± 1.30). Weak significant correlations were found between social support and the other study variables (r < 0.22), indicating a weak association with fear, depression, anxiety, and stress, respectively. Overall, Jordanian health-care workers sample reported fear, depression, anxiety, and stress. The associated factors were being male, married, aged 40 years and older, and having more clinical experience. Regarding social support, participants primarily relied on support from their families, followed by support from friends.
Application of mosaicism ratio to multifetal gestations
Authors: Rafalko Jill , Caldwell Samantha , Soster Erica , Almasri Eyad , McLennan Graham , Liu Tong , Weinblatt Vivian , Cacheris Philip , McCullough Ron
Published: March 2021

Mosaicism ratio, or MR, is a laboratory metric that can be calculated using massively parallel sequencing data from cell-free DNA (cfDNA) screening. MR compares the amount of cfDNA present from a particular chromosome or chromosomal region to the overall fetal fraction of the specimen. In singleton gestations, MR may be used to refine the positive predictive value of an abnormal cfDNA screening result by identifying cases that could be impacted by various biological factors, such as placental mosaicism or prior co-twin demise. The current study was designed to examine the behavior of mosaicism ratio (MR) in multifetal gestations. Multifetal cfDNA specimens with positive results for trisomies 21, 18, or 13 and confirmed diagnostic outcomes were compiled to examine MR of the aneuploid chromosome based on the number of affected fetuses/placentas. A second multifetal cohort was assembled to analyze the MR of the Y chromosome in cases with at least one male fetus. For aneuploid cases, the average MR of affected singletons (used as a biological proxy for two affected twins) was significantly higher than the average MR for twins in which one fetus was affected. The average MR of the aneuploid chromosome for one affected twin was 52%, 42%, and 48% of that of singleton gestations for trisomy 21, 18, and 13 cases, respectively. MR cutoffs of 0.7 for trisomy 21, and 0.5 for trisomies 18 and 13 may help predict whether one versus both twins are affected with aneuploidy when clinical concern arises. For male cases, the Y MR of XX/XY gestations was 48% of the Y MR for XY/XY gestations. Using a Y MR cutoff of 0.8 allowed determination of XX/XY versus XY/XY gestations with 92.3–94.9% accuracy. Based on the data presented, MR may have utility in the analysis and interpretation of cfDNA data from multifetal gestations.
Characterization of the position of the extraocular muscles and orbit in acquired esotropia both at distance and near using orbital magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Kawai Manami , Goseki Toshiaki , Ishikawa Hitoshi , Tatsui Sonoko , Li Hongyang , Ukisu Ryutaro , Shoji Nobuyuki
Published: March 2021

Purpose

Age-related distance esotropia (ARDE) involves acquired esotropia at distance and phoria at near. However, distance-independent esotropia (DIE) exists esotropia both at distance and near. Thus, we examined the orbital magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings for DIE to assess differences in its characteristics.

Methods

This study was a retrospective case-control study. We evaluated the efficacy of the standard coronal MRI in patients with acquired esotropia and control patients with optic neuritis. Cases with strabismus in the control group were excluded. DIE was defined as having esotropia both at distance and near, and an angle of more than 10 prism diopters at near. The condition of the lateral rectus-superior rectus band, position of rectus muscles, and the volume ratio of the globe to the whole orbit (G/WO) were examined.

Results

The DIE group consisted of 12 eyes of 6 patients (77.3±7.7 years); ARDE group, 38 eyes of 19 patients (73.1±6.8 years); and control group, 34 eyes of 17 patients (70.9±4.3 years). The ratio of abnormality of the lateral rectus-superior rectus bands was higher in the DIE and ARDE groups than in the control group (p<0.01). The vertical angle of the lateral rectus deviated downwards in the control (-7.5±5.1°), ARDE (-12.2±9.1°), and DIE groups (-18.8±5.7°) (p<0.05). The tilting angle of the lateral rectus was tilted temporally in the control (-12.2±9.1°), ARDE (-20.0±8.6°) and DIE groups (-28.6±5.4°) (p<0.01). G/WO was higher in the DIE (0.28±0.01) and ARDE groups (0.27±0.02) compared to the control (0.25±0.03) group (p<0.01).

Conclusion

In comparison with the ARDE and control groups, the DIE group presented with abnormalities of the lateral rectus-superior rectus band, malposition of the lateral rectus, and differences in the G/WO. The DIE group showed a more severe form of ARDE.
Multi-pantallas en la primera infancia: familias del siglo XXI
Authors: Lozano Raquel , Quilez-Robres Alberto , Latorre-Cosculluela Cecilia , Cortés-Pascual Alejandra
Published: March 2021

En las familias de hoy en día, la televisión mantiene la pugna por ser la pantalla más empleada (91,7%) por los menores en la primera infancia en España. El objetivo es determinar el patrón de uso de las pantallas por infantes. En cuanto a la metodología se trata de una investigación mixta, de corte cuantitativo (estudio de encuesta) y cualitativo (grupos focales de discusión), realizada con 165 familias residentes en España con hijos de 4 y 5 años de edad. Los resultados muestran que el rol de los progenitores actuales es activo, en relación a una mayor sensibilización en cuanto al tratamiento de la información que consumen sus hijos. Sin embargo, señalan las dificultades para controlar completamente la situación. Aunque mayoritariamente acompañan a sus hijos durante el visionado, afirman que consumen programas no destinados a público infantil (77%). Por otra parte, muestran una elevada conciencia en materia de sexismo, pero no se han hallado diferencias en el grado de percepción del mismo. Es preciso señalar que si se han descubierto diferencias significativas asociadas al sexo de los hijos y al grado de preocupación por contenidos sexistas (ANOVA, f=7.179, p=.008) siendo las familias con hijas más proclives a rechazar estos programas. Sin embargo, estas no se mantienen en la percepción de contenidos sexistas (ANOVA, f=2.140, p=.121).
Análisis de la capacidad formativa de la televisión
Authors: Molina Santonja M.ª Dolores
Published: March 2021

Este artículo pretende mostrar un análisis de la capacidad educativa de los programas de televisión en España más allá del mero entretenimiento, la tabla de valores que presentan y su efecto en la sociedad a la que se dirigen. Para obtener estos resultados se han analizado 360 emisiones representativas de los programas de televisión. Esta muestra se ha extraído de los programas emitidos por Antena 3, desde el 1 de enero de 1992, fecha en la que comienzan a registrarse oficialmente las emisiones y sus datos de audiencia, hasta el 31 de diciembre de 2015, en horario de máxima audiencia, denominada Noche1, que comprende la franja que va de las 20:30 h a las 24:00 h. Los 360 programas que conforman la muestra se agrupan en 6 categorías: concursos, culturales, deportes, entretenimiento, ficción e información y 25 subgéneros con el fin de poder inferir resultados. El análisis del contenido y la estadística descriptiva concluyen que la capacidad básica de los contenidos audiovisuales radica en entretener, pero hasta un 82,2 % de los casos analizados también tiene capacidad educativa y/o cultural y el 14,7 % también informan. Además, todos los contenidos analizados aportan valores a la sociedad que los consume, aquellos que más valores transmiten son los programas de información y los que menos son los programas de ficción. Para obtener estos resultados se ha partido del estudio realizado por Marín, 1993. Siguiendo esa taxonomía de valores, los valores más transmitidos por la muestra son en orden descendente los informativos, los deportivos, los culturales, los concursos, el entretenimiento y, por último, la ficción.
A szemkamerás kutatás módszertani lehetőségei
Authors: Lázár Erika
Published: March 2021

A marketingkutatás folyamatos fejlődése mellett azt látjuk, hogy a neuromarketing módszertani lehetőségei korlátozottan tudnak megjelenni mind a tudományos kutatásokban, mind pedig a piaci gyakorlatban. Bár a tudástermelés folyamatos, mégsem tűnik egyértelműen tisztázottnak, mely kutatási problémák esetében kívánatos, ajánlott vagy éppen kérdéses az eszköz használata. A nemzetközi és hazai forrásokra támaszkodó szisztematikus irodalmi áttekintés célja a szemkamerás módszertannal (eye tracking) kapcsolatos jelenlegi ismereteink összegyűjtése és rendszerezése a marketing és az ehhez szorosan kapcsolódó tudományterületeken megjelent publikációk feldolgozása révén. Az eszköz felhasználásának lehetőségeire fókuszálva a kiválasztott tudományterületeken 2015 óta megjelent publikációk előre meghatározott szempontrendszer szerint kerülnek elemzésre, és az így ismeretek szintetizálása mentén foglalom össze az eszköz felhasználási lehetőségeit.
Association of Natural Antioxidants and Immunity in Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Vagga Anjali Ambadas , Butola Lata Kanyal , Khadhe Shivram G. , Meshram Komal Ajay
Published: March 2021

BACKGROUND A pandemic is when an infectious disease occurs in different parts of the world simultaneously and quickly spreads from person to person. The pandemic of the 21st century in the entire world is infection with the coronavirus. India now has the world's second-largest number of confirmed cases, next to US, following a recent increase in recorded infections. In case of serious corona infections, the out-ofcontrol immune system ultimately causes the patients' lungs to stop supplying oxygen to the body leading to respiratory failure. In some cases, the malfunctioning immune response in Covid-19 patients can drive the rapid decline in lung function. Symptoms of Covid-19, such as flu (influenza infection) similar to cold, can be avoided or mitigated and are mostly managed by combining a balanced diet with exercise and addition of antioxidants; the most common antioxidant is vitamin C in some form like raw or ripe fruits and vegetables is preferred and supplementations are also advised. Ascorbic acid is best known for its antioxidant properties and can scavenge damaging reactive oxygen species, thus protecting the body's cells and tissues from oxidative harm and dysfunction. However, vitamins also have many other significant body functions, many of which are known to promote good immune function. Vitamin C levels may be reduced during infection, and the demand for vitamin C enhances with the severity of the infection. Consequently, a possible antioxidant therapy may be suggested to get relief from the Covid-19 respiratory infection. An effective immune response relies on an appropriate diet and natural antioxidants, to hold infection at bay. KEY WORDS Natural Antioxidants, Vitamin C, Immunity, Covid-19, Pandemic
Avulsion and Replantation in Primary Dentition - A Review
Authors: Mopagar Viddyasagar Prabhakar , Phadnis Meghana Vasant , Joshi Sourabh Ramesh , Shetty Vikranth , Pendyala Gowri Swaminatham
Published: March 2021

Avulsion of a primary tooth is a disturbing type of traumatic injury occurring in children. Paediatric dentists are likely to encounter a child with an avulsed primary tooth routinely in their clinical practice. Tooth avulsions are common in permanent teeth. However, avulsions can be seen even in primary teeth. The question of replantation of the avulsed tooth has been a focus of debate and controversy since years. The primary and most important factor in these injuries is to calculate the riskbenefit ratio keeping the underlying permanent tooth in mind. Utmost importance has to be given on the care of development and normal eruptive movements of the succedaneous tooth. This is mandatory if any treatment like replantation is to be done. The amount of primary root resorption, stage of development of the underlying permanent tooth, type of splinting to be done etc. needs a lot of attention. Many authors have given their opinions regarding the replantation of primary teeth based on the type of tooth avulsed. Moreover, the evidence might differ as to whether or not replantation might alter the difficulty levels for the eruption process of succedaneous tooth. There is not much evidence regarding the benefits and risks of replantation post avulsion of primary teeth. However, individual authors have reported a successful outcome in their case reports. This article reports a review on avulsed primary teeth replantation. This would enable the dentists to analyze the risks and benefits associated with replantation, thereby guiding them to arrive at the best clinical decision. KEY WORDS Primary Tooth, Avulsion, Replantation.
Glomus Tumour of the Lip Mimicking Squamous Cell Carcinoma - A Rare Case Report
Authors: Boyacioglu Hatice , Koc Nagihan , Avcu Nihal , Gokoz Ozay
Published: March 2021

Glomus tumour is a rare soft tissue neoplasm arising from glomus body, which is in an arteriovenous anastomosis located particularly in the dermis. This tumour occurs most commonly in hands and feet, and is seldom found in other sites. The purpose of this report is to describe an unusual case of glomus tumour in the lip. A 17-year-old woman with a firm, painless and ulcerated lump in her lower lip was admitted to our clinic. Excisional biopsy was performed, and histopathological analysis revealed the lesion to be a subtype of glomus tumour called as a glomangioma. Most glomus tumours are benign and may be treated by simple surgical excision. A typical glomus tumour of the hand is readily diagnosed, but it may occur anywhere such as oral cavity or internal organs, and its small size and atypical anatomical site presents a diagnostic dilemma. Therefore, a glomus tumour should be considered in the differential diagnosis of mass in the lips. Glomus tumour was first mentioned by Wood as a painful subcutaneous tubercle.1,2 It is classified as a pericystic (perivascular) tumour by the World Health Organization. Perivascular tumours are most frequently noticed in the superficial soft tissues at any age and are not seen commonly in the oral cavity. Synonyms for glomus tumour include glomangioma, glomangiomyoma, glomangiomatosis, glomangiopericytoma, and Popoff tumour. 3 Glomus tumour is presumed to arise from glomus body, which may be defined as a special arteriovenous anastomosis located in the stratum reticular of the dermis. It is lined by smooth muscle and glomus cells.4 The glomus body has been implicated in playing a role in thermal regulation.5 It is ubiquitous but digits are the most common sites. Clinically, the lesion is usually seen as a painful nodule located in the nail bed of the distal phalanges. Occurrence in the oral cavity is particularly rare. In this article, we present a rare case of glomus tumour located in the lower lip mimicking a malignant tumour.
A gépészkarokon tanuló hallgatók vállalkozásalapítási motivációi
Authors: Szőke Szabolcs
Published: March 2021

A szerző dolgozatában magyar gépészhallgatók vállalkozásalapítási hajlandóságát ismerteti. A cikk megállapításai egy 2007-ben lefolytatott kérdőíves vizsgálaton alapulnak. A felmérés mintájául hét fővárosi felsőoktatási intézmény szolgált.1 A vizsgált intézmények közül háromnak van valamilyen gépészkara. A cikkben a szerző a gépészkarok hallgatóinak vállalkozásalapítási szándékaira koncentrál a teljes sokaság jellemzőivel összehasonlítva.
Arqueologia da Paisagem pelo viés geossistêmico: Sítio Arqueológico Piracanjuba, Munícipio de Piraju-SP
Authors: Daves Larissa Figueiredo , Barrocá Faccio Neide
Published: March 2021

Pesquisas referentes à relação da sociedade com o ambiente em tempos pretéritos mostram a relevância de estudos interdisciplinares entre a Geografia e a Arqueologia. Nesse sentido, realizou-se um estudo do Sítio Arqueológico Piracanjuba – um sítio lítocerâmico Guarani, localizado no Município de Piraju, SP, na região do Médio Rio Paranapanema, pelo viés teórico da Arqueologia da Paisagem. No perímetro do sítio arqueológico estudado, evidenciaram-se quatro núcleos de solo antropogênico (NSA), também denominados ‘manchas pretas’. Como resultado, o trabalho permitiu analisar o ambiente segundo os pressupostos geossistêmicos horizontais (geofácies e geótopo) e verticais (geohorizontes), a fim de abordar a representação e espacialização cartográfica do sítio em sua relação com as características do complexo físico-geográfico da área. Contribui-se, assim, para estudos a respeito da análise da paisagem de sítios arqueológicos em relação ao tempo pretérito com base em geoindicadores. As unidades de estratificação heterogênea evidenciaram a distinção de cada ambiente, perceptível pela altura de cada estrato de vegetação, além da sinuosidade e declividade da vertente em direção ao corpo d’água do Rio Paranapanema. A análise dos núcleos de solo antropogênico revelou a disparidade da datação por termoluminescência de fragmentos cerâmicos presentes no NSA1 de 1520 d.C. e no NSA 2 de 1355 d.C., apontando, provavelmente, para dois períodos de ocupação da área do sítio arqueológico.
Racial Capitalism and COVID-19
Authors: Edwards Zophia
Published: March 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought into sharp relief the deep structural problems affecting nonwhite racialized workers in the core and periphery. Yet, many social scientific analyses of the global political economy, at least in the pre-COVID era, are race neutral or willfully indifferent to the persistent racial pattern of global inequalities. Even if they do address legacies of colonialism, they ignore the ongoing racial logics of oppression embedded therein.
Whither China?
Authors: Crook Isabel , Magdoff Harry
Published: March 2021

In December 2002, Isabel Crook, a Canadian anthropologist who had spent most of her life in China and a longtime friend and supporter of Monthly Review, wrote a letter to the MR editors questioning the critical nature of coverage of China's capitalist road to socialism since the ascendance of Deng Xiaoping in the late 1970s. This short exchange with Harry Magdoff reflects the complex ways in which dedicated socialists sought to address changes in China and the clarity of the ideas expressed.
Calvi nist population of Saint Petersburg in the first half of the 18th century acc ording to the registers of Church parishes
Authors: Andreev A.
Published: March 2021

The article presents the results of new study of the St. Petersburg foreigners’ database compiled on the basis of register of Petersburg Calvinist parishes for the first half of the 18-th century. It identifies the national and social structures of Calvinist population, determines some demographic indicators (such as child mortality, national and religious parameters of kinship, the percentage of illegitimate children). The author believes that in the mid-1730s there were more than two hundred adult Calvinists of both sexes in St. Petersburg. The Calvinist population of the capital was approximately 40 % Dutch, 30 % Germans, 20 % French, and 8 % English. It was found that among the St. Petersburg Calvinists there were many people of intellectual professions, such as doctors, scientists, and teachers, who made up at least 7 % of all men in the parishes. The social composition of these parishes was not homogeneous, but it was balanced, because the main categories of city dwellers (artisans, merchants, and military personnel), judging by their minimal shares, were distributed evenly. The article suggests that interethnic and interfaith ties of the St. Petersburg Calvinists contributed to the large-scale Western European acculturation for many Russians without their traveling abroad.
Popu lation of Zlatous t in the years of the Great Patriotic war
Authors: Zhuravleva V. , Miroshnichenko M.
Published: March 2021

In the article for the first time in the Ural historiography based on published documents and archives analyzes the population of Zlatoust in 1941—1945, who was made a worthy contribution to the Victory. Was noted significant growth his. The main source of replenishment of the inhabitants of Zlatoust was migration, which during the war years exceeded the natural population growth, with the exception of 1942. Evacuated from areas undergoing temporary occupation arrived in the city together with industrial enterprises. The number of evacuated exceeded the housing and utilities facilities of the city. The crowding and overcrowding of dwellings sharply worsened the sanitary condition of the city, exacerbated the epidemic situation in it and created favorable conditions for the spread of infections. Zlatoust survived several epidemic outbreaks of typhoid fever, measles, dysentery, tuberculosis. Due to poor nutrition, people suffered from dystrophy. During the war years, the city experienced an increase in mortality with a drop in fertility, which led to a natural decrease of population. But the improvement of the state of healthcare allowed to the end of the war to reduce the morbidity and mortality of citizens.
Name P. A. Stolypin and its reforms in periodic print at the late of the 80s beginn ing of the 90s of the XX century
Authors: Gushchin I.
Published: March 2021

The article analyzes the currents of view on the Stolypin agrarian reform that appeared in periodicals during the era of “perestroika”. These articles, published in 1990, were published in the journals “Voprosy Economiki” and “Voprosy istorii”, where the authors describe the activities of P. A. Stolypin and his agrarian reform. In the journal “Voprosy ekonomiki” the authors consider the economic concept of P. A. Stolypin and the periods of its formation, as well as the goals and results of the Stolypin agrarian reform. As a result, the authors of the articles positively assess the agricultural transformations of P. A. Stolypin and set him up as an example for modern reformers. In the journal Voprosy istorii, the authors are professional historians, they give a detailed description of the events in Russia at the beginning of the twentieth century and therefore their assessment of the activities of P. A. Stolypin’s are more objective and less enthusiastic. It is noted that in the era of “perestroika” in public opinion, the name of P. A. Stolypin became popular, as many believed that, relying on the experience and practice of the Stolypin transformations, it is possible to overcome the crisis phenomena that had accumulated in the country by the mid-80s of the twentieth century.
Reform of 1965 and social programs of enterprises (on the example of providing housing to employees of ChTZ)
Authors: Petrov E.
Published: March 2021

The article describes the study of the impact of the 1965 reform on the social housing program at the Chelyabinsk tractor plant. It is possible to trace the dynamics of obtaining housing by the plant for distribution among its employees in the period from 1963 to 1971. A comparison with similar indicators of Zlatoust plants was made. The author concludes that the reform of 1965, contrary to the all-Union trend, had a negative impact on the already difficult situation with housing in the CHTZ.
Quiz EDUC: ferramenta para construção de quiz educacional
Authors: Martins Camila , Macedo Ricardo Tombesi , Silveira Sidnei Renato
Published: March 2021

O presente artigo apresenta o estudo e o desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta para construção de quiz educacional, destinada a professores e alunos dos Anos Finais do Ensino Fundamental, a Quiz EDUC. O objetivo desta ferramenta é o de fortalecer o aprendizado de conceitos trabalhados ao longo das aulas e, também, despertar no aluno o interesse pelos estudos, fazendo dela uma maneira divertida de estudar. Para validar a Quiz EDUC, foi realizado um estudo de caso, com professores e alunos de Escolas Públicas do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Os resultados apontam que a ferramenta Quiz EDUC é intuitiva, com uma interface simples, facilitando o aprendizado e a utilização por parte de professores e alunos.
Sala de aula invertida: reconstruindo o processo de ensino e de aprendizagem por meio de uma metodologia ativa
Authors: Silva Claudia Maria Bezerra da
Published: March 2021

A proposta da sala de aula invertida é a de que o aluno tenha o primeiro contato com o conteúdo previamente Ã  aula. A sala de aula passa a ser o local para esclarecer dúvidas e aprofundar o conhecimento em atividades práticas como resolução de problemas, projetos e discussão em grupo. Este artigo apresenta uma revisão da literatura que tem como objetivo refletir sobre a sala de aula invertida como metodologia ativa e as mudanças e os impactos da sua utilização para o processo de ensino e de aprendizagem. Conclui-se que o propósito da sala de aula invertida é favorecer uma melhor utilização do tempo e espaço em sala, incentivando o aluno ativo, com pensamento reflexivo e a maior interação entre os alunos e desses com o professor. Isso pode levar a impactos positivos, como a maior compreensão conceitual, desenvolvimento do pensamento crÃ­tico e redução no número de reprovações. Por outro lado, pontos negativos podem surgir, como aumento da carga horária de estudo prévio e dificuldade do aluno em se adaptar Ã  lógica da inversão das aulas.
Desenvolvimento de projetos como metodologia de ensino em escolas técnicas profissionalizantes
Authors: Correa Ana Paula Paula Melo
Published: March 2021

Este artigo apresenta uma metodologia de ensino fundamentada no desenvolvimento de projetos, os quais são realizados com objetivos especÃ­ficos no contexto do processo de ensino/aprendizagem, dentre os quais vale ressaltar, o protagonismo estudantil, o desenvolvimento de habilidades interpessoais e técnicas. Como também, contribuir com a aplicação dos conteúdos abordados nas disciplinas técnicas para o desenvolvimento de soluções e inovações tecnológicas.
Percepción sobre la violencia de género según el nivel educativo y el género
Authors: González Sala Francisco , Mora Valero Belén
Published: March 2021

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo comparar diferentes variables relacionadas con la violencia de género entre estudiantes universitarios y de otros niveles educativos y el género. La muestra está formada por 247 estudiantes. Los resultados apuntan diferencias estadísticamente significativas en función del nivel educativo en las variables percepción de los tipos de maltrato, aprobación de la violencia y tolerancia de conductas de riesgo, entre otras. La percepción de los estudiantes no universitarios frente a los universitarios los coloca en una situación de mayor riesgo ante la misma. Con respecto al género las diferencias se dan en algunas formas de actuar y en la percepción de los tipos de maltrato y a su aprobación. Estos resultados han de servir para orientar en la implementación de programas de prevención de la violencia de género y de relaciones de pareja saludables dentro del contexto educativo, en especial en los niveles no universitarios.
Demanda/Control y la Salud Mental en Profesionales de la Salud: Un estudio en Seis Países Latinoamericanos.
Authors: Juárez García Arturo , Vera Calzaretta Aldo , Merino Soto César , Gómez-Ortiz Viviola , Feldman Lya , Hernández Mendoza Elena
Published: March 2021

El Modelo Demanda/Control, mediante el cuestionario del contenido del trabajo (JCQ) es quizás el método más estudiado para explorar las condiciones psicosociales del trabajo relacionadas a los problemas de salud. Aunque es utilizado extensamente en Norteamérica y Europa, en Latinoamérica su uso es muy escaso. De esta forma, como parte de un estudio multicéntrico, se concentran datos (N=989) de seis países latinoamericanos (Argentina, Chile, Colombia, México, Perú y Venezuela) en los que se analiza la asociación entre las variables del modelo y la salud mental en profesionales de la salud. Los resultados mostraron que las demandas psicológicas, el control y apoyo social estuvieron relacionados a la salud mental en todas las muestras controlando por factores demográficos, sin embargo, los mejores predictores fueron diferentes dependiendo del país. El control fue el mejor predictor para Argentina (contribución relativa a R –CRR- 68.7), demandas para México (CRR 83.3) y Perú (CRR 27.6); y para Chile, Colombia y Venezuela, el apoyo social parece ser el más importante (CRR= 17.7, 41.9, 57.9 respectivamente). La relación universal de las variables del modelo Demanda/Control y la salud mental fue confirmada en este estudio. Se sugieren análisis psicométricos del JCQ enfatizando la evaluación de la invarianza y el posible funcionamiento diferencial de algunos ítems.
El desarrollo de la psicología en el Perú
Authors: Livia José
Published: March 2021

Se presenta el desarrollo histórico de la psicología peruana donde se destacan los aportes de Honorio Delgado y Walter Blumenfeld, la fundación de la Sociedad Peruana de Psicología en 1954 y el primer programa de formación de psicólogos instaurado en 1955 en la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos de Lima, asimismo la creación del Colegio de Psicólogos del Perú en 1980 y la promulgación de la Ley del Trabajo del psicólogo en el 2004. Respecto de la formación profesional se advierte que el pregrado tiene una duración promedio de 5 años, existe un sistema de acreditación que a la fecha solo dos escuelas profesionales de psicología han logrado cumplir los indicadores, no existiendo un sistema que regule la calidad de los post grados. Para ejercer la profesión es obligatoria estar colegiado y se encuentra en proceso la certificación profesional por competencias. Se destacan diversas investigaciones y se pone en evidencia la necesidad de potenciar estos aspectos. Se proponen retos y desafíos entorno de una psicología organizada, crear un sistema de información científica, un sistema para la evaluación de los test psicológicos y la necesidad de la acreditación de las Escuelas de pre y post grado.
Psicología jurídica: Hitos, desarrollos y desafíos
Authors: Urra Portillo Francisco Javier , Rodríguez Leonardo , Escaff Elías
Published: March 2021

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo dar a conocer algunos de los principales hitos, desarrollos y desafíos de la psicología jurídica, para ello se planteó una investigación de carácter documental con los siguientes indicadores: 1) Hitos históricos, 2) Áreas de aplicación, 3)desarrollo de revistas especializadas en psicología jurídica, 4) agremiaciones en psicología jurídica y forense, 5) la formación en posgrados, 6) conformación de listados de peritos, 7) guías, protocolos y programas, 8) Desarrollo en pruebas e instrumentos forenses, 9) avances en el área de familia e 10) Impacto de las neurociencias y la tecnología. Estos indicadores permiten dar cuenta de los principales avances y retos de la psicología jurídica especialmente en los países iberoamericanos.
GIS-Based Biomass Energy Sustainability Analysis Using Analytical Hierarchy Process: A Case Study in Medellin, Cebu
Authors: Galang Wenyville Nabor , Tabañag Ian Dominic , Loretero Michael
Published: March 2021

The increasing demand for energy accounts for an alternative energy source. The search for biomass being abundant in an agricultural country is a suitable option to power a community. This paper used Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), which includes the organized hierarchy of various selection criteria, the assessment of the relative value of criteria, the comparison and an aggregate rating of the alternatives for each criterion. Specifically, the methodology used was the combination of multi-criteria and weighted-overlay analysis in a Geographical Information System (GIS) environment to provide a spatial overview of the sustainable location for sugarcane residues production in Medellin, Cebu. The study was able to identify Caputatan Sur and Canhabagat as sustainable locations for sugarcane residue production with respect to topography, cultivation area and accessibility. These locations represent 26% of the total cultivation area and average sugarcane production of the locality. The result of this study is an initial step in the support for the utilization of sugarcane residues to answer energy demand in remote areas and further promote the use of indigenous resources for energy generation.
Evaluation of Soil Quality Status under Different Forest Tree Species in Nigeria
Authors: AKANBI Olorunfemi Sunday Ojo , Olayinka Onawumi Olufisayo
Published: March 2021

A study was carried out at Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan, South -western, Nigeria in the second quarters of 2018 to evaluate the current status and the distribution of some soil quality factors of study area. The study also aimed at suggesting strategies for efficient management of the soil quality factors in the study areas. Soil samples were collected under six (6) different forest trees species plantations. The samples were subjected to routine laboratory analytical protocol for the determination of both physical and chemical properties of the samples. Results implicated that the soil organic matter (SOM) of the study area varied from one forest plantation to the other. However, SOM was found to be highest under natural forest (NF) with a mean value of 3.90% while open field had the least with a mean value of 1.62%. Similar results were observed for soil total nitrogen (N). There was a significant (p<0.05)difference in the amount of exchangeable K contents (0.008cmol/kg) in soils under open field with less ground cover and forest tree species relative to soils under NF, Nauclea dideirichi (ND) and Mangifera indica (MI) respectively. Soils under NF significantly recorded the highest exchangeable Ca compared to open field and others. It can therefore be concluded that good agricultural management practises that will enhance soil quality factors and multi forest species cultivation be encouraged for effective and efficient nutrient management systems in the forest ecosystems for enhancement of bio diversities of both micro and macro organisms. However, due to population pressure on the available land for other non-agricultural purposes coupled with annual bush burning, inadequate rainfall, lack of good agricultural practices and non-availability of natural forest for farming, it has become imperative that agroforestry system of farming in which trees or shrubs are grown in association with crops is advocated.
The employment policy and vocational activity support system for people with intellectual disabilities in Poland: emancipation policy or apparent actions?
Authors: Woynarowska Agnieszka
Published: March 2021

This article presents problematics related to social policy and the system supporting the vocational activity of persons with intellectual disabilities in Poland. Analyses aimed at finding an answer to the question posed in the title are based on the results of a research project entitled Employment and disability. An analysis of the vocational experience of people with intellectual disabilities in Poland, which aimed at an exploration of the policy of the employment of persons with disabilities, practices in the area of employment services, and a reconstruction of the experience of subjects involved in the work situation: job coaches, persons with intellectual disabilities, and coordinators of employment projects. The methodological framework of the project was provided by the grounded theory set in social constructivism as presented in Charmaz’s works. The research material was collected in 25 workplaces employing persons with disabilities in various parts of Poland, mainly by means of in-depth interviews, observation, and field notes. The paper presents only a small  fragment of the research results. The analyses focus on the presentation of the assumptions, goals, and trends of the employment policy, ways of functioning of the system of support of the vocational activity of persons with intellectual disabilities, and the confrontation of these systemic assumptions with the experience of persons involved in the implementation of this employment policy in the Polish reality. The article is therefore a critical analysis of the current policy of the employment of persons with intellectual disabilities, unmasking the existing paradoxes and apparent actions in the system of vocational support and the labour market