bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Deformation Temperatures on High Temperature Tensile Instability of Austenitic Stainless Steel
Authors: Bian Hongxia , Zhu Liang , Zhou Hui , Tu Peng
Published: October 2014

The characteristics of instability have been investigated on two low nickel austenite stainless steel at the temperatures of 950–1200 °C through the uniaxial tensile test and tensile unload test. The results show geometrical instability is not concurrent with load instability in high temperature tensile. The deformation of specimens are uniform before the load instability, then appear non-uniform in some local area of specimen but they do not directly lead to the geometric instability. With the increase of deformation temperature, load instability strain and strain hardening exponent n are both no obvious variation, and load instability true strain is close to n and depends on n. The geometric instability strain and strain rate sensitivity coefficient m both increase with the increase of temperature, and the strain between load instability and geometric instability depends on m and is the main part of the geometric instability strain.
Topicalization versus Left-Dislocation in Biblical Latin
Authors: Bortolussi Bernard , Sznajder Lyliane
Published: October 2014

Latin and Old French exhibit a fairly similar range of constructions emphasizing the Topic: Topicalizations and Left-Dislocations. Our aim is to investigate the hypothesis of a continuity from Latin to Romance languages. In this context we look into the data provided by the Vulgate. Indeed Jerome's choices in his translation of the Biblical texts reveal the level of vitality of each construction.

Actually Jerome chooses Topicalizations rather than Left-Dislocations, although Left-Dislocations were the usual way of emphasizing Topics in Biblical Hebrew. After a summary of Archaic and Classical Latin constructions, we compare Jerome's strategies on the one hand with the data from Vetus Latina, on the other hand with some contemporary texts, such as Augustine's
Some remarks on the prehistory of omnis and other Latin pronouns and adjectives meaning ‘all’ or ‘whole’
Authors: Martzloff Vincent
Published: October 2014

The Latin quantifier
Some remarks on intensification of nouns in Latin
Authors: Napoli Maria
Published: October 2014

The phenomenon of intensification – intended as the strategy of scaling upwards or downwards the semantic content of linguistic entities belonging to different word classes (i.e., not only adjectives but also nouns and verbs) – has received a great deal of attention from both a synchronic and a diachronic point of view. This paper investigates intensification of Latin nouns in the light of recent research in theoretical linguistics on this topic, by giving a preliminary account of some issues related to the Latin state of affairs. I will examine the strategies employed to intensify nouns in some Plautus' and Cicero's texts, by focusing on the use of adverbs as intensifiers expressing a high degree or the highest degree. Moreover, it will be shown that the approach followed in this paper, based on the individuation of the degree meaning of adjectives, may cast new light on their use as nominal intensifiers in the Latin language. It will be further suggested that in Latin nouns may be strengthened by intensifiers independently of their being gradable or not, as happens in modern languages.
Single-phase high-entropy alloys – an overview
Authors: Kozak Roksolana , Sologubenko Alla , Steurer Walter
Published: October 2014

The term “high-entropy alloys (HEAs)” first appeared about 10 years ago defining alloys composed of n=5–13 principal elements with concentrations of approximately 100/n at.% each. Since then many equiatomic (or near equiatomic) single- and multi-phase multicomponent alloys were developed, which are reported for a combination of tunable properties: high hardness, strength and ductility, oxidation and wear resistance, magnetism, etc. In our paper, we focus on probably single-phase HEAs (solid solutions) out of all HEAs studied so far, discuss ways of their prediction, mechanical properties. In contrast to classical multielement/multiphase alloys, only single-phase multielement alloys (solid solutions) represent the basic concept underlying HEAs as mixing-entropy stabilized homogenous materials. The literature overview is complemented by own studies demonstrating that the alloys CrFeCoNi, CrFeCoNiAl0.3 and PdFeCoNi homogenized at 1300 and 1100°C, respectively, for 1 week are not single-phase HEAs, but a coherent mixture of two solid solutions.
An Introduction to Lifetime Testing by Thermogravimetry
Authors: Blaine Roger
Published: October 2014

The history of lifetime testing by thermogravimetry is traced from its origin in the electrical industry in the early 20th century, through the development of synthetic polymers and the development of thermal analytic methods, to the present where thermal analytic standards are available. The impact of thermal analysis, especially thermogravimetry, on the past, present, and future of lifetime testing is explored.
Collaborative Directing and Teaching
Authors: Huber Aubrey A. , McRae Chris
Published: October 2014

In this essay, the relationship between directing and critical approaches to pedagogy is considered as a starting place for theorizing directing as an act of critical performative pedagogy. Performance and directing create opportunities for relational, collaborative, and experiential approaches to students, learning, and the classroom. Connecting critical approaches to pedagogy with the act of directing offers new ways of conceptualizing both the act and the role of the director, as well as transforms the way we approach and work to enact critical performative pedagogy in our classrooms.
Umbilical Cord Blood Transplantation to Treat Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease in 2 Young Boys
Authors: Wishnew Jessica , Page Kristin , Wood Susan , Galvin Leo , Provenzale James , Escolar Maria , Gustafson Kathryn , Kurtzberg Joanne
Published: October 2014

Pelizaeus-Merzbacher Disease (PMD) is a rare X-linked recessive leukodystrophy caused by mutations in the proteolipid protein 1 gene on the Xq22 chromosome. PMD is a dysmyelinating disorder characterized by variable clinical presentation and course. Symptoms range from mild motor deficits to progressive spasticity and neurologic decline resulting in death at an early age. There is no definitive curative treatment. This report presents the clinical course of 2 young boys with PMD who are the first known patients to receive umbilical cord blood transplantation as a therapeutic intervention to stabilize disease progression. Pretransplantation evaluation revealed that both patients had significant motor deficits as well as delayed cognitive function as compared with age-matched peers. Brain imaging revealed varying degrees of hypomyelination. Both patients received myeloablative chemotherapy followed by an unrelated donor umbilical cord blood infusion, which they tolerated well with no major transplantation-related complications. At 7-years and 1-year posttransplantation, respectively, both boys are making slow neurocognitive improvements and show no evidence of functional decline. Imaging results show stable or improving myelination. Although the results of unrelated donor umbilical cord blood transplantation in these 2 boys with PMD are encouraging, longer-term follow-up will be necessary to assess the effect of this treatment on the variable natural disease course.
Off-Hours Admission to Pediatric Intensive Care and Mortality
Authors: McCrory Michael C. , Gower Emily W. , Simpson Sean L. , Nakagawa Thomas A. , Mou Steven S. , Morris Peter E.
Published: October 2014

BACKGROUND:

Critically ill patients are admitted to the pediatric ICU at all times, while staffing and other factors may vary by day of the week or time of day. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether admission during off-hours is independently associated with mortality in PICUs.

METHODS:

A retrospective cohort study of admissions of patients <18 years of age to PICUs was performed using the Virtual PICU Systems (VPS, LLC) database. “Off-hours” was defined as nighttime (7:00 pm to 6:59 am) or weekend (Saturday or Sunday any time). Mixed-effects multivariable regression was performed by using Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 (PIM2) to adjust for severity of illness. Primary outcome was death in the pediatric ICU.

RESULTS:

Data from 234 192 admissions to 99 PICUs from January 2009 to September 2012 were included. When compared with regular weekday admissions, off-hours admissions were less likely to be elective, had a higher risk for mortality by PIM2, and had a higher observed ICU mortality (off-hours 2.7% vs weekdays 2.2%; P < .001). Multivariable regression revealed that, after adjustment for other significant factors, off-hours admission was associated with lower odds of mortality (odds ratio, 0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.85–0.97; P = .004). Post hoc multivariable analysis revealed that admission during the morning period 6:00 am to 10:59 am was independently associated with death (odds ratio, 1.27; 95% confidence interval, 1.16–1.39; P < .0001).

CONCLUSIONS:

Off-hours admission does not independently increase odds of death in the PICU. Admission from 6:00 am to 10:59 am is associated with increased risk for death and warrants further investigation in the PICU population.
Remastered and Remaindered
Authors: Ellis Sarah Reichardt
Published: October 2014

With the 1948 film Portrait of Jennie producer David O. Selznick wanted to create the motion picture version of “high” art. By using the music of Claude Debussy as the basis for the film’s score, Selznick aimed for a score that would lend the movie the intrinsic quality of “great” art. Yet a closer look at decisions regarding music for Jennie shows how Selznick could not control the signifying process. Jennie thus provides us with an important site for understanding the complexity of musical signification. The use of Debussy’s music as the basis for the majority of the film’s score not only projects the image of “high” art, but also that of the banal. In opposite fashion, a “popular” song left out of the score, due to its supposed banality, through the years takes on a new kind of artful quality, achieving the timelessness that Selznick desperately sought for his movie.
Statistic, probabilistic, correlation and spectral analyses of regenerative braking current of dc electric rolling stock
Authors: A. V. Nikitenko  , M. O. Kostin
Published: October 2014

Purpose. Defining and analysis of the probabilistic and spectral characteristics of random current in regenerative braking mode of DC electric rolling stock are observed in this paper. Methodology. The elements and methods of the probability theory (particularly the theory of stationary and non-stationary processes) and methods of the sampling theory are used for processing of the regenerated current data arrays by PC. Findings. The regenerated current records are obtained from the locomotives and trains in Ukraine railways and trams in Poland. It was established that the current has uninterrupted and the jumping variations in time (especially in trams). For the random current in the regenerative braking mode the functions of mathematical expectation, dispersion and standard deviation are calculated. Histograms, probabilistic characteristics and correlation functions are calculated and plotted down for this current too. It was established that the current of the regenerative braking mode can be considered like the stationary and non-ergodic process. The spectral analysis of these records and “tail part” of the correlation function found weak periodical (or low-frequency) components which are known like an interharmonic. Originality. Firstly, the theory of non-stationary random processes was adapted for the analysis of the recuperated current which has uninterrupted and the jumping variations in time. Secondly, the presence of interharmonics in the stochastic process of regenerated current was defined for the first time. And finally, the patterns of temporal changes of the correlation current function are defined too. This allows to reasonably apply the correlation functions method in the identification of the electric traction system devices. Practical value. The results of probabilistic and statistic analysis of the recuperated current allow to estimate the quality of recovered energy and energy quality indices of electric rolling stock in the regenerative braking mode. But the correlation and spectral analysis is required to determine the electromagnetic compatibility of the electric rolling stock in the regenerative braking mode with the subsystems and the electric traction devices.
Estimation of irreversible damageability at fatigue of carbon steel
Authors: I. O. Vakulenko  , O. N. Perkov  , M. Knapinski  , D. M. Bolotova
Published: October 2014

Purpose. Damageability estimation of carbon steel in the conditions of cyclic loading. Methodology. The steel fragments of railway wheel rim and rail head served as material for research with chemical composition 0.65 % С, 0.67 % Mn, 0.3 % Si, 0.027 % P, 0.028 % S и 0.7 % C, 0.82 % Mn, 0.56 % Si, 0.025 % P, 0.029 % S accordingly. The microstructure of tested steels corresponded to the state of metal after a hot plastic deformation. The fatigue research was conducted in the conditions of symmetric bend using the proof-of-concept machine of type «Saturn-10». Full Wohler diagrams and the lines corresponding to forming of sub-and micro cracks were constructed. The distribution analysis of internal stresses in the metal under cyclic loading was carried out using the microhardness tester of PMT-3 type.Findings. On the basis of fatigue curves for high-carbon steels analysis the positions of borders dividing the areas of convertible and irreversible damages were determined. The article shows that with the growth of carbon concentration in the steel at invariability of the structural state an increase of fatigue limit is observed. At the same time the acceleration of processes, which determine transition terms from the stage of forming of submicrocracks to the microcracks occurs. The research of microhardness distribution in the metal after destruction confirmed the nature of carbon amount influence on the carbon steel characteristics. Originality. Regardless on the stages of breakdown site forming the carbon steels behavior at a fatigue is determined by the ration between the processes of strengthening and softening. At a cyclic loading the heterogeneity of internal stresses distribution decreases with the increase of distance from the destruction surface. Analysis of metal internal restructuring processes at fatigue loading made it possible to determine that at the stages prior to incubation period in the metal microvolumes the cells are already exist with inhomogeneous position of crystalline structure defects and, primarily, dislocations. Practical value. Increase of carbon content from 0.65 to 0.7%, in the conditions of cyclic loading of steel with the structure of lamellar pearlite is accompanied by the fatigue durability increase approximately on 40%. The increase of carbon content in steel accelerates transition from the stage of forming the convertible damages of internal structure to irreversible ones that is confirmed by the increase of angular coefficient of French curves.
Derivative of set measure functions and its application (theoretical bases of investment objectives)
Authors: A. A. Bosov  , P. A. Loza
Published: October 2014

Purpose. It is necessary to develop the theoretical fundamentals for solving the investment objectives presented in the form of set function as vector optimization tasks or tasks of constrained extremum. Methodology. Set functions and their derivatives of measure are used as research of investment objectives. Necessary condition of set function minimum is proved. In the tasks for constrained extremum the method of Lagrange is used. It is shown that this method can also be used for the set function. It is used the measure for proof, which generalizes the Lebesgue measure, and the concept of set sequence limit is introduced. It is noted that the introduced limit over a measure coincides with the classical Borel limit and can be used in order to prove the existence of derivative from set function over a measure on convergent of sets sequence. Findings. An algorithm of solving the investment objective for constrained extremum in relation to investment objectives was offered. Originality. Scientific novelty lies in the fact that in multivariate objects for constrained extremum one can refuse from immediate enumeration. One can use the proposed algorithm of constructing (selection) of options that allow building a convex linear envelope of Pareto solutions. This envelope will let the person who makes a decision (DM), select those options that are "better" from a position of DM, and consider some of the criteria, the formalization of which are difficult or can not be described in mathematical terms. Practical value. Results of the study provide the necessary theoretical substantiation of decision-making in investment objectives, when there is a significant number of an investment objects and immediate enumeration of options is very difficult on time costs even for modern computing techniques.
Possibility research of the use of energy reserve of aerial ropeway drives taking into account the twisting forces diagrams
Authors: YU. K. Goryachev  , A. S. Kuropyatnik  , M. R. Izmaylov
Published: October 2014

Purpose. It is necessary to study the formalization of approaches to determination of energy reserves of aerial ropeways drives taking into account the twisting forces diagrams. Methodology. To determine the energy reserves the twisting forces diagrams were used. A method is based on the comparative analysis of areas of braking and power operation modes of ropeway drive. Their area depends on the road profile (length and overfall of clearance heights, carrying rope deflection) and location of the drive station (on the lower or the upper supporting points). Findings. The application of the method of energy accumulation in the braking mode with its subsequent consumption in the power mode enables to use the energy reserves of drives. Taking into account the relief, it is possible on the stage of planning to set the parameters the road profile, as well as to locate the drive station so that on the twisting forces diagram the areas of braking mode alternated with the areas of the power mode and were approximately equal in size. This, in turn, will save the electric power in the process of operation. Originality. The approach to determination of energy reserves of the aerial ropeway drives is offered. Practical value. The use of the offered method will help (before the construction) to calculate such a road profile, which will increase the areas of braking mode. The latter in turn will positively affect the size of the accumulated energy.
Operation study of different structural options of flexible flows for car repair using simulation modeling
Authors: V. V. Myamlin
Published: October 2014

Purpose. The article is aimed to improve the methods of car repair organization using the search of rational structures of flexible flows. Methodology. For operation analyses of the car repair flows the simulation modeling was used. The initial data for random value generation of cars repair duration are the statistical data. They were collected at the existing car repair enterprises. Findings. Obtained results show that at the same amount of modules the flexible repair flow is more efficient. Flexible flow increases the working capacity, improves the removal of cars from one module and reduces car detention time in repair. Originality. There were identified the mechanisms, which allow establishing links between the different structural variants of flexible flow and their operational performance. Concrete data that give a fresh look to the organization of car repair production were obtained. Practical value. These results can be used in designing the new perspective enterprises for car repair and also under reconstruction or expansion of existing enterprises in order to transfer them to the flexible flow. It is recommended to incorporate the obtained results and try to put them into production during designing and construction of new car enterprises.
Experimental research of dynamic qualities of freight cars with bogies of different designs
Authors: Myamlin S. V. , Ten O. O. , Neduzha L. O.
Published: October 2014

Purpose. With the advent of new designs of freright cars the task of designing the more modern bogies, assessment of their dynamic properties depending on the type and structure of pecularities, accounting the axle loadings, providing the dynamic and running characteristics, meeting the conditions of impact on the track, stability, and frame forces intensity etc. becomes especially important. In order to launch the new production into manufacture and to assess the dynamic properties using different designs of bogies the running testes were conducted. They allowed one to compare the dynamic performance of the new bogie with the existing models. Methodology. The study was conducted using the method of numerical integration and mathematical modeling of dynamic loading of freight cars using the software package «Dynamics of Rail Vehicles» («DYNRAIL»). Findings. The results of studies of dynamic characteristics of open cars with new and worn wheels of bogie models 18-9771, 18-9770 and 18-578 in graphical and tabular form are presented. All figures are within the normative values and do not exceed the maximum admissible ones. Originality. When designing the bogie for loading 23.5 t/axle almost all available technical solutions to improve the characteristics of the freight car bogies (elastic bearers, cassette bearing in axle boxes, axle boxe adapter of original design, bilinear central spring suspension, etc.) were used. Practical value. As a result of the engineering works on projecting and manufacturing of the improved designs of freight car bogies a new design was received. It is highly competitive with the dynamic qualities of the best ones. Made choice of rational values of elastic-dissipative parameters of the bogie allows one to create standard series of running gears for freight cars for promising operating conditions.The results are of practical importance. They have found reflection in the number of author’spublications in special and semi-populareditions.
Application prospects of threaded joint of armature
Authors: Radkevych A. V. , Netesa A. N.
Published: October 2014

Purpose. One of the main technological operations of buildings construction on the basis of monolithic frame systems is the production of mesh reinforcement. The current interest is the new ways specification of advanced bonding armature techniques without reliability weakness and design of the building in whole, as well as the finding of use prospects of screw-threaded joint of armature as the most technological and economic method of re-bars joints. Methodology. Advantages and disadvantages analysis of existing rebar compound technologies was implemented by couplings of different types and constructions. The most promising vertical constructions for the vertical bars joints in frameworks were determined. Findings. Researches of existing technologies of rebar joints by the couplings of different construction were carried out. The installation method of mesh reinforcement of vertical structural elements with the use of the special catching devices was developed. It allows considerably accelerating installation of mesh reinforcement. Originality. Regularity of labor intensiveness change of mesh reinforcement installation of columns at armature joint in vertical position by threaded couplings with the help of catching devices using special construction was determined. This allows substantially reducing the labor expenditures during installation of these elements. Dependency of labor intensiveness and cost of lap welding armature joints, by tub-seam welding and by thread coupling depending on its diameter was designated. Regularity of labor intensiveness changes of installation at armature joints by different methods taking into account preparatory works was defined. Practical value. The analysis of mechanical armature joints techniques was conducted. It will allow selecting methods of armature joints to increase the speed of construction works more economical and effective.
Trophic phylogenetics: evolutionary influences on body size, feeding, and species associations in grassland arthropods
Authors: Lind Eric M. , Vincent John B. , Weiblen George D. , Cavender-Bares Jeannine , Borer Elizabeth T.
Published: October 2014

Contemporary animal–plant interactions such as herbivory are widely understood to be shaped by evolutionary history. Yet questions remain about the role of plant phylogenetic diversity in generating and maintaining herbivore diversity, and whether evolutionary relatedness of producers might predict the composition of consumer communities. We tested for evidence of evolutionary associations among arthropods and the plants on which they were found, using phylogenetic analysis of naturally occurring arthropod assemblages sampled from a plant‐diversity manipulation experiment. Considering phylogenetic relationships among more than 900 arthropod consumer taxa and 29 plant species in the experiment, we addressed several interrelated questions. First, our results support the hypothesis that arthropod functional traits such as body size and trophic role are phylogenetically conserved in community ecological samples. Second, herbivores tended to co‐occur with closer phylogenetic relatives than would be expected at random, whereas predators and parasitoids did not show phylogenetic association patterns. Consumer specialization, as measured by association through time with monocultures of particular host plant species, showed significant phylogenetic signal, although the strength of this association varied among plant species. Polycultures of phylogenetically dissimilar plant species supported more phylogenetically dissimilar consumer communities than did phylogenetically similar polycultures. Finally, we separated the effects of plant species richness and relatedness in predicting the phylogenetic distribution of the arthropod assemblages in this experiment. The phylogenetic diversity of plant communities predicted the phylogenetic diversity of herbivore communities even after accounting for plant species richness. The phylogenetic diversity of secondary consumers differed by guild, with predator phylogenetic diversity responding to herbivore relatedness, while parasitoid phylogenetic diversity was driven by plant relatedness. Evolutionary associations between plants and their consumers are apparent in plots only meters apart in a single field, indicating a strong role for host‐plant phylogenetic diversity in sustaining landscape consumer biodiversity.
Unfolding Potential as Dynamic Emergence: A View From the Theory of Complex, Nonlinear Dynamic Systems
Authors: Geert Paul van
Published: October 2014

The process of unfolding learning and developmental potential is discussed from the viewpoint of complex dynamic systems. After a brief overview of the notions ofunfoldingandpotentialin the context of development and education, a definition ofcomplex dynamic systemsis given, emphasizing the aspects of self-organization and emergence. The concept ofnonergodicityis introduced, which implies that statistical relationships between variables applying to samples of independent individuals (the classical methodological setup of educational and developmental research) do not necessarily apply to statistical relationships found in individual time series. The consequences of complexity and nonergodicity for empirical research in education and development are presented in the form of four methodological design steps, with illustrations of usable methods and empirical research focusing on individual educational and developmental trajectories.
Learning Potential Is Related to the Dynamics of Scaffolding: An Empirical Illustration of the Scaffolding Dynamics of 5-Year-Olds and Their Teacher
Authors: Ensing Annemieke , van der Aalsvoort Geerdina M. , van Geert Paul , Voet Silke
Published: October 2014

We propose a new definition of learning potential as an emergent phenomenon. It emerges in the process of creating a unique scaffolding situation through the real-time interaction between teacher and child. We provide a model for analyzing the behavioral sequences within these scaffolding dynamics and illustrate it with the data of two qualitatively representative children working on a curriculum-related task with their teacher. It is hypothesized that if the dyads truly create their own dynamic scaffolding–related situation as presented in the model, they are expected to differ in terms of their temporal patterns in a nontrivial way. Analyses showed significantly different patterns for both dyads. We conclude that, in applied settings, an analysis of the dynamic patterns of scaffolding creation might provide important information about learning potential, in addition to information obtained with standardized dynamic tests.
Study Time Allocation, Retrospective Confidence, Gender, and Recall Performance: Does MemorySelf-Efficacy Matter?
Authors: Krueger Lacy E. , Sifuentes Cristina M.
Published: October 2014

We examined factors associated with self-regulated learning in a multitrial verbal learning task. Eighty males and 80 females (ages 18–25 years) completed a memory self-efficacy (MSE) questionnaire before being administered a Swahili-English memory task, in which participants received an unlimited amount of time to study each translation and complete cued recall tests across three study-test trials. We hypothesized that MSE, gender, and subsequent study time allocation (STA) based on prior recall performance and retrospective confidence judgments (RCJs) would be related to memory performance. There were gender differences in recall rates on subsequent trials, but no other gender effects were observed. Our results suggested that general beliefs about memory capabilities (MSE), control processes (STA), and monitoring processes (RCJs) are related to recall performance in a multitrial self-regulated learning task, and that the influence of these variables differs by recall trial and whether individuals are in more extreme MSE groups.
Morphological and functional outcome of scleral buckling surgery compared to primary vitrectomy in patients with retinal detachment
Authors: Stamenkovic Miroslav , Stefanovic Ivan , Sencanic Ivan , Jaksic Vesna , Mavija Milka , Babovic Sinisa
Published: October 2014

Background/Aim. Among the proposed operative techniques for retinal
detachment (RD) the most commonly applied are classical method with scleral
buckling and pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). The aim of this paper was to
determine which surgical intervention of these two leads to better
morphological results in terms of the applied retina and better functional
outcomes in terms of visual acuity (VA) of the operated eye in patients with
RD. Methods. A retrospective study on the comparative section of the effects
of scleral buckling surgery and PPV in uncomplicated rhegmatogenous RD was
performed. In a 2-year period 97 patients, i.e. 98 eyes with RD were operated
on (68 eyes with scleral buckling surgery vs 30 by PPV). Results. In the
group with classically operated detachment, the retina was applied in 52
(76.5%) cases vs 30 (100%) patients in PPV group (p < 0.05). Postoperative VA
in logMAR was significantly better in both groups compared to preoperative
VA: in the classically operated was 1.89 ? 1.04 preoperatively vs 0.98 ? 0.70
postoperatively, while in the PPV group, preoperative value was 2.56 ? 0.67
vs 1.31 ? 0.74 postoperatively (p = 0.001). Conclusion. PPV in uncomplicated
forms of RD gives better anatomical results than scleral buckling surgery. VA
was significantly improved in both observed groups, while its mean value was
postoperatively better in the group that was operated with the classical
method. The reason for this could be due to better VA in baseline in the
scleral buckling surgery group.
Perceived parental acceptance/rejection, some family characteristics and conduct disorder in adolescents
Authors: Kostic Jelena , Nesic Milkica , Stankovic Miodrag , Zikic Olivera
Published: October 2014

Background/Aim. Conduct disorder is characterized by repetitive and
persistent presence of dissocial, aggressive and defiant behavioral patterns,
thus represents important public issue with comprehensive and far-reaching
consequences both for the individual and society. The aim of this study was
to investigate the differences in sociodemographic family characteristics and
the prominence of parental acceptance/rejection dimensions in groups of
adolescents with and without conduct disorder, as well as to examine the
connection between parental acceptance/rejection dimensions and externalizing
symptoms in the group of adolescents with conduct disorder. Methods. This
research was conducted on 134 adolescents, aged 15 to 18, using the Parental
Acceptance/Rejection Questionnaire (PARQ child), Youth Self-Report (YSR), and
a questionnaire constructed for the purpose of this survey. Results. The
results showed that the number of adolescents with conduct disorder coming
from divorced families was significantly higher than from complete families
(44.8% vs 13.4%, respectively; p < 0.001). Also, in this group of adolescents
there was a statistically significantly higher number of parents suffering
from psychiatric disorders compared to the controls (31.3% vs 8.9%;
respectively; p = 0.001). The perceived rejection dimension and the total
index of maternal acceptance/ rejection were significantly higher in
adolescents with conduct disorder than in those with no such disorder (132.30
? 38.05 vs 93.91 ? 26.29 respectively; p < 0.001). Similar results were found
for paternal acceptance/rejection dimension (129.40 ? 39.58 vs 86.10 ? 15.95
respectively; p < 0.001). Adolescents with conduct disorder and severe
perceived maternal and paternal rejection showed a significantly higher
average score on the subscale of externalizing symptoms (14.55 ? 4.45 and
13,27 ? 5,05) compared to adolescents with conduct disorder and lower total
index of parental acceptance/rejection (8.32 ? 5.05 and 8.28 ? 5.08).
Conclusion. The results suggest that adolescents with conduct disorder
perceive their parents as more rejecting and less warm and supportive
compared to adolescents without conduct disorder. The perception of
significant and severe parental rejection was associated with a significantly
higher averaged score on the subscale of externalizing symptoms in the group
of adolescents with conduct disorder compared to those with no such disorder.
It was found that adolescents with conduct disorder most often come from
large families, have divorced parents or parents with multiple psychiatric
disorders.
Erratum
Authors: Urednistvo U
Published: October 2014

The article ?Age-related structural changes in the myenteric nervous plexus
ganglion along the anterior wall of the proximal human duodenum - a
morphometric analysis?. Vojnosanit Pregl 2013; 70(2): 177-81. Listed the
authors as: Predrag Mandic, Snezana Lestarevic, Tatjana Filipovic, Natasa
Djukic, Milena Saranovic. The list of authors should read as: Predrag
Mandic, Snezana Lestarevic, Tatjana Filipovic, Natasa Djukic-Macut,
Milena Saranovic.
Article retraction notice
Authors: Urednistvo U
Published: October 2014

The article ?An interactive algorithm for large scale multiple objective
programming problems with fuzzy parameters through TOPSIS approach?, by
authors Mahmoud A.ABO-SINNA, Tarek. H.M.ABOU-EL-ENIEN, published in YUJOR,
Vol 21, No 2, 2011, was retracted at the request of the editors because the
authors infringed professional codes by submitting the above article to
YUJOR after their substantialy the same article, with the same title ?An
interactive algorithm for large scale multiple objective programming
problems with fuzzy parameters through TOPSIS approach?, was accepted for
publication and published in another journal, Applied Mathematics and
Computation,Volume 177, Issue 2, 15 June 2006, Pages 515?527.

 Link to the retracted article 10.2298/YJOR1102253A
Social Media Adoption and Corporate Disclosure
Authors: Zhou Mi (Jamie) , Lei Lijun (Gillian) , Wang Jianling , Fan Weiguo (Patrick) , Wang Alan G.
Published: October 2014

This study examines 9,861 public firms to investigate the current adoption status of two popular social media platforms (Facebook™ and Twitter™) and their application in corporate disclosure. The investigation is based on the framework defined by Meek, Roberts, and Gray (1995) and on variations in platform, industry, firm size, time, and intensity (i.e., accounts owned, messages released, and user interaction). The results show that 49 percent of the firms have adopted one platform, and 30 percent have adopted both platforms. However, the numbers of new adopters on both platforms have been decreasing continuously since 2010, even though more than half of the firms are yet to adopt either platform. The results also show that 7.06 percent and 3.45 percent of Facebook and Twitter messages, respectively, are related to corporate disclosures. On average, users respond more quickly to disclosures released on Twitter (13 minutes) than on Facebook (25 minutes), whereas disclosures on Facebook have longer user engagement (427 minutes) than those on Twitter (10 minutes).
Ultramorphological Assessment of Dentin-Resin Interface After Use of Simplified Adhesives
Authors: Marghalani HY , Bakhsh T , Sadr A , Tagami J
Published: October 2014

This study assessed dentin-resin interface integration in Class I cavities restored with simplified adhesives by using a focused ion-beam milling (FIB) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Class I cavities (1.5-mm depth with dentin thickness of ∼0.5 mm, 4-mm length, and 2-mm width) were prepared on freshly extracted, sound human molars. Two all-in-one adhesive systems (Scotchbond/Single Bond Universal [SUD] and Xeno-V+ [X5D]) were used and compared with a two-step etch-and-rinse system (Prime&Bond NT [NTD]). The adhesives were applied according to the manufacturers' guidelines. A universal resin composite (Filtek Z350 XT Universal) was used to restore the cavities in one bulk filling and was irradiated at 550 mW/cm2 for 40 seconds by a quartz-tungsten-halogen light (Optilux 501). After exposure to liquid nitrogen coolant, the specimens were milled to nanoscale thickness by FIB to view and then assess the area of dentin-resin interface by TEM. Unlike the unfilled X5D, a noticeably smooth transition zone at the dentin-resin interface was shown for the SUD and NTD adhesives. The SUD demonstrated an uneven hybrid layer with clearly demineralized collagen bundles. Ultramorphologically, dispersed needlelike apatite crystals were detected within the partially demineralized dentin or the hybrid layer of both compositionally different all-in-one simplified adhesives. Conversely, these crystals were entirely absent from the hybrid layer of the etch-and-rinse NTD adhesive. In the X5D group, a bright band was noted beneath the hybrid layer. The methacryloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate monomer containing ultramild self-etch adhesive (SUD) was still validated in terms of its capability in dentin adhesion.
Development of Novel Formulations to Enhance in Vivo Transdermal Permeation of Tocopherol
Authors: Nada Aly H. , Zaghloul Abdelazim A. , Hedaya Mohsen M. , Khattab Ibrahim S.
Published: October 2014

Tocopherol represents a big challenge for transdermal permeation owing to its extreme hydrophobicity and large molecular mass. The aim of the present study was to develop alpha-tocopherol (T) topical formulations and evaluate their ex vivo and in vivo permeation. Franz diffusion cells were used for ex vivo permeation, and neonatal rats were used for in vivo permeation. Seven gel formulations and 21 liquid formulations were investigated for physical stability, viscosity and permeation of T. Analysis of T was performed by a validated HPLC method using a UV detector. The ex vivo permeation from gel and emulsion formulations was very poor (0.001-0.015 %). Highest permeation was observed from monophasic liquid formulations containing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), tocopheryl polyethylene glycols (TPGs), propylene glycol, ethanol and 9.5 % T. The in vivo results demonstrated higher retention in the epidermis compared to subcutaneous tissues, 1377 and 1.13 μg g-1, respectively. Increasing T concentration from 4.8 to 9.5 % did not increase the amount permeated or % of T retained. It was concluded that simple solutions of T in the presence of DMSO and TPGs were more promising systems for effective transdermal permeation compared to gel, emulsion or oleaginous systems.
Rings Whose Modules are ⊕ -Cofinitely Supplemented
Authors: Türkmen Ergül
Published: October 2014

It is known that a commutative ring R is an artinian principal ideal ring if and only if every left R-module is ⊕-supplemented. In this paper, we show that a commutative ring R is a semiperfect principal ideal ring if every left R-module is ⊕-cofinitely supplemented. The converse holds if R is a max ring. Moreover, we study maximally ⊕- supplemented modules as a proper generalization of ⊕-cofinitely supplemented modules. Using these modules, we also prove that a ring R is semiperfect if and only if every projective left R-module with small radical is supplemented.
A Study on the Para-Holomorphic Sectional Curvature of Para-Kähler Cotangent Bundles
Authors: Druţă-Romaniuc S. L.
Published: October 2014

We obtain the conditions under which the total space T *M of the cotangent bundle, endowed with a natural diagonal para-Kähler structure (G, P), has constant para-holomorphic sectional curvature. Moreover we prove that (T *M,G, P) cannot have nonzero constant para-holomorphic sectional curvature.
The Dynamics of Slovak-Hungarian Relations – The Shift from Language Issues to Legal and Symbolic Questions
Authors: Mihálik Jaroslav , Marušiak Juraj
Published: October 2014

Language practice and its official recognition are considered crucial markers of national identities in the region of Central/Eastern Europe. The issue of language rights used to be a vital aspect of the agenda in national movements in the former Austrian (Austrian- Hungarian) Monarchy, together with the process of territorializing and constructing of national identities in the region since the nineteenth century. The protection, persistence, preservation and further development of the national language was introduced as part of the moral obligations and commitments of the members of a community to the constructed national community.

This article examines two discrete yet related research questions that address language. The first one is based on dependence theories and analyzes to what extent the contemporary language policy of the Slovak government and political elites as well as its institutional and legal framework are affected by the decisions adopted in the past which created certain institutional as well as mental frameworks of shaping of the language policy. The second research question is related to the place of the “language issue” in contemporary Slovak domestic political discourse and its role in bilateral relations between Slovak Republic and Hungary with regard to the EU accession in 2004.
Brominated Dioxins: Little-Known New Health Hazards - A Review
Authors: Piskorska-Pliszczyńska Jadwiga , Maszewski Sebastian
Published: October 2014

This article reviews the present state of the science concerning the polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PBDDs) and dibenzofurans (PBDFs). Everywhere in the world people are exposed to anthropogenic origin chemicals. Some of them are long-lived organic compounds, which persist over the years in the environment. Persistent organic pollutants, such as organohalogen compounds, accumulate in environmental and biological compartments and have adverse effects on the health of humans and animals. Little is known about the brominated and mixed chloro/bromo dioxin and furans. Existing literature suggests that brominated dioxins and furans have similar toxicity profiles to their chlorinated analogues. The exposure data are extremely limited, showing a major data gap in estimating the potential environmental and health risk of these chemicals. The rapid increase in the use of brominated flame retardants (the main source of these pollutants) has raised the level of concern over environmental and health damage from brominated dioxins and furans. It is likely that human as well as wildlife exposure to these contaminants will increase with their greater use. The findings reported here present strong evidence of the PBDDs and PBDFs as an emerging new class of contaminants.
Application of in situ PCR for the Detection of Bovine Leukaemia Virus (BLV) Infection in Dendritic Cell cultures
Authors: Iwan Ewelina , Szczotka Maria , Kuźmak Jacek
Published: October 2014

The aim of the study was to develop an in situ PCR (IS-PCR) method for detection of bovine leukemia virus (BLV) in cell cultures. Samples from five BLV positive and five BLV negative cows were collected and dendritic cells (DCs) from blood, bone marrow, spleen, and lymph node were cultured. Cultures prepared from healthy animals were infected with BLV. After two weeks, the cells were tested by nested PCR and IS-PCR for the presence of proviral DNA. As a positive control adherent cell line permanently infected with BLV was used. BLV was successfully detected by IS-PCR in DCs from naturally infected cattle and DCs infected in vitro. In control, non-infected DCs, the results of the reaction were negative. The results of provirus detection by IS-PCR were similar with these performed with nested PCR. Additionally, IS-PCR provides many advantages, like specific localisation of infection and smaller number of cells needed as template for PCR.
Serological Study on Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus Infection in Pig Population in Poland Between 2008 and 2011
Authors: Lipowski Andrzej
Published: October 2014

In total, 14 608 pig sera, collected between 2008 and 2011, were tested with ELISA using antibodies specific for bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV). All doubtful and positive samples were retested by virus neutralisation test (neutralising peroxidase-linked assay). The BVDV seroreagents were detected in 11 (68.75%) out of 16 provinces, the seroprevalence varied from 0.1% to 1.04% (average 0.31%). The obtained results indicate that the prevalence of BVDV infection in pig population in Poland is low.
Ovarian Histopathological Changes in Mares with Uterine Endometrosis
Authors: Katkiewicz Maria , Witkowski Maciej , Zając Sylwester
Published: October 2014

The aim of the study was to find out the relationship between the progression of endometrosis and the appearance of the structural microscopic changes in mares’ ovaries. The investigation was performed on slaughtered mares of various age and breed. Four groups each received a portion of the specimens, and designation to group was according to the stage of endometrosis determined on the basis of Kenney’s classification. Uterine and ovarian sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin. The results of the microscopic evaluation were compared between mares classified into specific Kenney’s categories. It was shown that an increase in ovarian follicular cysts was related to mares’ ages and correlated with significant progression of the endometrosis. These observations suggest that the same aetiological factors may take part both in triggering disorders of ovarian oo/folliculogenesis and in spurring uterine endometrosis. Further more detailed methods of investigation are needed to elucidate the mechanisms of both disease processes.