bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuromodulatory effect of 4-(methylthio)butyl isothiocyanate against 3-nitropropionic acid induced oxidative impairments in human dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells via BDNF/CREB/TrkB pathway
Authors: Kaur Prabhjot , Attri Shivani , Singh Davinder , Rashid Farhana , Singh Sharabjit , Kumar Avinash , Kaur Harjot , Bedi Neena , Arora Saroj
Published: March 2023

Mitochondrial impairment, energetic crisis and elevated oxidative stress have been demonstrated to play a pivotal role in the pathological processes of Huntington’s disease (HD). 3-Nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) is a natural neurotoxin that mimics the neurological dysfunctions, mitochondrial impairments and oxidative imbalance of HD. The current investigation was undertaken to demonstrate the neuroprotective effect of 4-(methylthio)butyl isothiocyanate (4-MTBITC) against the 3-NPA induced neurotoxicity in human dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells. The experimental evidence of oxidative DNA damage by 3-NPA was elucidated by pBR322 DNA nicking assay. In contrast, the 4-MTBITC considerably attenuated the DNA damage, suggesting its free radical scavenging action against 3-NPA and Fenton's reagent. The dose and time-dependent increase of 3-NPA revealed its neurotoxic dose as 0.5 mM after 24 h of treatment of SH-SY5Y cells in MTT assay. In order to determine the optimal dose at which 4-MTBITC protects cell death, the 3-NPA (IC50) induced cells were pretreated with different concentrations of 4-MTBITC for 1 h. The neuroprotective dose of 4-MTBITC against 3-NPA was found to be 0.25 μM. Additionally, the elevated GSH levels in cells treated with 4-MTBITC indicate its propensity to eliminate reactive species generated as a result of 3-NPA-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Likewise, it was determined through microscopic and flow cytometric experiments that 3-NPA's induced overproduction of reactive species and a decline in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) could be efficiently prevented by pre-treating cells with 4-MTBITC. To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism, the RT-qPCR analysis revealed that the pre-treatment of 4-MTBITC effectively protected neuronal cells against 3-NPA-induced cell death by preventing Caspase-3 activation, Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) upregulation, activation of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and Nrf2 induction. Together, our findings lend credence to the idea that pre-treatment with 4-MTBITC reduced 3-NPA-induced neurotoxicity by lowering redox impairment, apoptotic state, and mitochondrial dysfunction. The present work, in conclusion, presented the first proof that the phytoconstituent 4-MTBITC supports the antioxidant system, BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling, and neuronal survival in dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells against 3-NPA-induced oxidative deficits.
Bloch points and topological dipoles observed by X-ray vector magnetic tomography in a ferromagnetic microstructure
Authors: Hermosa Javier , Hierro-Rodríguez Aurelio , Quirós Carlos , Martín José I. , Sorrentino Andrea , Aballe Lucía , Pereiro Eva , Vélez María , Ferrer Salvador
Published: March 2023

Bloch points are small 3D magnetic textures with unit topological charge that require the use of advanced vector imaging techniques for their direct experimental characterization. Here we show results from the reconstruction of the magnetization field $${{{{{\bf{m}}}}}}\left({{{{{\bf{r}}}}}}\right)$$
m

r

of an elongated permalloy microstructure by X-ray vector magnetic tomography. A central asymmetric Bloch domain wall is observed, decorated by Bloch points arranged in several dipoles and a triplet. The analysis of the $${{{{{\bf{m}}}}}}\left({{{{{\bf{r}}}}}}\right)$$
m

r

map in terms of topological concepts provides a quantitative description of the Bloch points as topological monopoles connected by bundles of emergent magnetic field lines carrying a fractional topological flux. It also reveals the topological constraints that determine chirality transitions of the central domain wall in the vicinity of Bloch points, independent of specific material properties. This approach could be readily extended to the study of magnetic microstructures in arbitrary remanent configurations.
Iridium(i) complexes with bidentate NHC ligands as catalysts for dehydrogenative directed C–H silylation
Authors: Manguin Romane , Galiana-Cameo María , Kittikool Tanakorn , Barthes Cécile , Thongpaen Jompol , Bancal Etienne , Mallet-Ladeira Sonia , Yotphan Sirilata , Castarlenas Ricardo , Mauduit Marc , Sortais Jean-Baptiste , Baslé Olivier
Published: March 2023

Bidentate NHC-Ir(i) catalysts for selective dehydrogenative C–H silylation.
Dynamic stability of a blue multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence molecule without damaging the luminescence properties
Authors: Zhang Heming , Ke Lianbao , Nie Yufang , Wang Jiaxuan , Bi Hai
Published: March 2023

Steric effect induced stability recovery between the triplet and singlet states.
The effects of point defects on thermal-mechanical properties of BiCuOTe: a first-principles study
Authors: Jiang Ming , Guo Xing-Can , Zu Xiao-Tao , Singh Chandra Veer
Published: March 2023

The vacancies are found generally more stable than the interstitials. Some point defects may deteriorate the ability to resist external compression and reduce the phonon thermal conductivity.
Nitrogen and sulfur co-doped Ti3C2Tx MXenes for high-rate lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Cheng Renfei , Hu Tao , Yang Jinxing , Wang Zuohua , Wang Weizhen , Liang Yan , Yang Zhiqing , Zhang Hongwang , Wang Xiaohui
Published: March 2023

N,S co-doped multilayer Ti3C2Tx MXenes have a better electrochemical performance at a high rate, which attributed to their desirable interlayer-expanded structure, low diffusion barrier, and high ability of change in the oxidation state.
Self-assembly of colloidal metal–organic framework (MOF) particles
Authors: Fonseca Javier , Meng Lingxin , Imaz Inhar , Maspoch Daniel
Published: March 2023

The self-assembly of colloidal metal–organic framework (MOF) particles enables the development of novel ordered, porous superstructures for diverse applications. Herein, we discuss the strategies for the self-assembly of colloidal MOF particles.
Semi-heterogeneous g-C3N4/NaI dual catalytic C–C bond formation under visible light
Authors: Song Hai-Yang , Jiang Jun , Wu Chao , Hou Jia-Chen , Lu Yu-Han , Wang Ke-Li , Yang Tian-Bao , He Wei-Min
Published: March 2023

The semi-heterogeneous g-C3N4/NaI dual catalytic system driven C–C bond formation between quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones and arylhydrazines under blue light irradiation is reported for the first time.
A strong, tough and cost-effective biodegradable PBAT/lignin composite filmviaintrinsic multiple noncovalent interactions
Authors: Xiong Shao-Jun , Zhou Si-Jie , Wang Hao-Hui , Wang Han-Min , Shen Xiao-Jun , Yu Shixin , Li Hui , Zheng Lu , Wen Jia-Long , Yuan Tong-Qi , Sun Run-Cang
Published: March 2023

Organic solvent fractionated lignin with low molecular weight, uniform structure and rich hydroxyl groups was completely miscible with PBAT to synthesise a strong, tough and cost-effective biodegradable composite film.
Precise determination of 204Pb-based isotopic ratios in environmental samples by quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Authors: Grotti Marco , Vecchio Maria Alessia , Gobbato Dalia , Mataloni Matilde , Ardini Francisco
Published: March 2023

Precise and accurate measurement of 204Pb-based isotopic ratios by quadrupole ICP-MS at the part-per-billion concentration level was achieved.
Functionalized nanoparticles: Tailoring properties through surface energetics and coordination chemistry for advanced biomedical applications
Authors: Kumar Yogendra , Sinha A. S. K. , Nigam K. D. P. , Dwivedi Deepak , Sangwai Jitendra S.
Published: March 2023

Significant advances in nanoparticle-related research have been made in the past decade, and amelioration of properties is considered of utmost importance for improving nanoparticle bioavailability, specificity, and catalytic performance.
Magnetically induced stiffening for soft robotics
Authors: Gaeta Leah T. , McDonald Kevin J. , Kinnicutt Lorenzo , Le Megan , Wilkinson-Flicker Sidney , Jiang Yixiao , Atakuru Taylan , Samur Evren , Ranzani Tommaso
Published: March 2023

Stiffness modulation is paramount in the design of soft robotics and magnetorheological jamming beams, which combine magnetorheological fluid with scaffolding material, providing a novel method for achieving magnetically tunable stiffening ranges.
Pyrolyzed cobalt hexacyanocobaltate dispersed on reduced-graphene-oxide as an electrocatalyst of the oxygen reduction reaction in an alkaline medium
Authors: Zakrzewska B. , Jabłońska A. , Adamczyk L. , Dembińska B. , Kostuch A. , Strawski M. , Rutkowska I. A. , Kulesza P. J. , Marcinek M. , Cox J. A. , Miecznikowski K.
Published: March 2023

This article details the development of noble-metal free electrocatalytic materials based on Prussian blue analogue (metal–organic-type framework) immobilized on reduced graphene oxide for oxygen reduction reaction in alkaline medium.
A liquid chromatography-time-of-flight/mass spectrometry method for analysis of pesticides and transfer behavior in Radix Codonopsis and Angelica sinensis decoctions
Authors: Zhang Hongyan , Chang Qiaoying , Li Jian , Qiu Guoyu , Wu Fuxiang , Zhu Renyuan , Wang Xingzhi , Su Ming
Published: March 2023

A QuEChERS-LC-Q-TOF/MS analysis method for the detection of 255 pesticides in Radix Codonopsis and Angelica sinensis decoctions was established. The transfer behaviours of 22 frequently detected pesticides were analysed.
One-step topochemical transformation of MoAlB into metastable Mo2AlB2 using a metal chloride salt reaction
Authors: Baumler Katelyn J. , Adams Owen S. , Schaak Raymond E.
Published: March 2023

Reacting MoAlB with ZnCl2 forms the metastable boride phase Mo2AlB2, which contrasts the reactivity of ZnCl2 with related carbide/nitride phases.
Residual dipolar couplings as a tool for structural analysis of ionic liquids
Authors: de Melo Higor D. F. , Carvalho Daiane S. , Hallwass Fernando , Sternberg Ulrich , Navarro-Vázquez Armando
Published: March 2023

Swelling of an acrylonitrile/N-N-dimethylacrylamide copolymer  in ionic liquids provides residual dipolar couplings which are applied to conformational analysis of the bulk ionic liquid.
Kinetics of CN (v = 1) reactions with butadiene isomers at low temperature by cw-cavity ring-down in a pulsed Laval flow with theoretical modelling of rates and entrance channel branching
Authors: Thawoos Shameemah , Hall Gregory E. , Cavallotti Carlo , Suits Arthur G.
Published: March 2023

Continuous-wave-cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) coupled with a pulsed uniform supersonic flow (Laval flow) are used to measure the reaction kinetics of the reaction of CN (v = 1) with 1,3- and 1,2-butadiene isomers at low temperature.
Analysis of trace elements in uranium by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy, design of experiments, and partial least squares regression
Authors: Sadergaski Luke R. , Manard Benjamin T. , Andrews Hunter B.
Published: March 2023

Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectra were modeled with partial least squares regression models to quantify trace elements in uranium (20–5000 μg per g U) without chemical separations or matrix matched calibration standards.
Dual functions of metal ion detection and antibacterial activity of sulfur quantum dots
Authors: Tammina Sai Kumar , Priyadarshi Ruchir , Rhim Jong-Whan
Published: March 2023

Polyvinyl alcohol stabilized sustainable sulfur quantum dots were synthesized and studied for their dual functionality, i.e., metal ion detection and antimicrobial activity.
Anchored Cu single atoms on porous g-C3N4 for superior photocatalytic H2 evolution from water splitting
Authors: Zhou Tong , Wei Haitang , Xiao Bin , Lv Tianping , Duan Liangfei , Lu Qingjie , Zhang Jin , Zhang Yumin , Liu Qingju
Published: March 2023

Single Cu atom with special structure of Cu–N charge bridge broadens the response range of visible light, increases the efficiency of electron–hole separation and transfer, and reduces the hydrogen evolution reaction energy barrier.
A review on arsenic in the environment: contamination, mobility, sources, and exposure
Authors: Patel Khageshwar Singh , Pandey Piyush Kant , Martín-Ramos Pablo , Corns Warren T. , Varol Simge , Bhattacharya Prosun , Zhu Yanbei
Published: March 2023

Contamination, mobility, sources, and exposure of arsenic (one of the regulated elements) in the environment are investigated and discussed comprehensively.
Charge transport and heavy metal removal efficacy of graphitic carbon nitride doped with CeO2
Authors: Badawy Abdelrahman A. , Abdel Rehim Mona H. , Turky Gamal M.
Published: March 2023

Crystal lattice of CeO2in the presence of one oxygen vacancy accompanied with two generated Ce3+species.
Fine-tuning the sequential drug release of nano-formulated mutual prodrugs dictates the combination effects
Authors: Zhong Haiping , Li Xingwei , Yu Na , Zhang Xi , Mu Jingqing , Liu Tao , Yuan Bo , Yuan Xiaoyong , Guo Shutao
Published: March 2023

Nanoformulated mutual prodrugs able to release two drugs either in order or simultaneously which significantly affected the combination effects consistently in vitro and in vivo, and links the in vitro–in vivo optimization of therapeutic effects.
Synthesis of high-purity Li2S nanocrystals via metathesis for solid-state electrolyte applications
Authors: Smith William H. , Vaselabadi Saeed Ahmadi , Wolden Colin A.
Published: March 2023

Li2S is the key precursor for synthesizing thio-LISICON electrolytes employed in solid state batteries.
Grain-boundary engineering of Ni-rich cathodes prolongs the cycle life of Li-ion batteries
Authors: Cai Lele , Han Qiang , Zhu Huawei , Yu Haifeng , Hu Yanjie , Jiang Hao
Published: March 2023

Grain boundary engineering greatly improves the resistance of secondary particles to microcracks and enhances the thermal stability of nickel-rich cathodes, enabling long cycle life when operating at high temperatures.
Efficient fabrication of highly stretchable and ultrasensitive thermoplastic polyurethane/carbon nanotube foam with anisotropic pore structures for human motion monitoring
Authors: Yuan Qing-wen , Jiang Hao-wei , Gao Tian-yuan , Zhang Sen-hao , Jia Shun-heng , Wu Ting , Qu Jin-ping
Published: March 2023

The highly stretchable and ultrasensitive TPU/CNTs porous sensors with anisotropic pores have been fabricated efficiently for human motion monitoring.
Evolution and functional diversification of yeast sugar transporters
Authors: Donzella Lorena , Sousa Maria João , Morrissey John P.
Published: March 2023

While simple sugars such as monosaccharides and disaccharide are the typical carbon source for most yeasts, whether a species can grow on a particular sugar is generally a consequence of presence or absence of a suitable transporter to enable its uptake. The most common transporters that mediate sugar import in yeasts belong to the major facilitator superfamily (MFS). Some of these, for example the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hxt proteins have been extensively studied, but detailed information on many others is sparce. In part, this is because there are many lineages of MFS transporters that are either absent from, or poorly represented in, the model S. cerevisiae, which actually has quite a restricted substrate range. It is important to address this knowledge gap to gain better understanding of the evolution of yeasts and to take advantage of sugar transporters to exploit or engineer yeasts for biotechnological applications. This article examines the full repertoire of MFS proteins in representative budding yeasts (Saccharomycotina). A comprehensive analysis of 139 putative sugar transporters retrieved from 10 complete genomes sheds new light on the diversity and evolution of this family. Using the phylogenetic lens, it is apparent that proteins have often been misassigned putative functions and this can now be corrected. It is also often seen that patterns of expansion of particular genes reflects the differential importance of transport of specific sugars (and related molecules) in different yeasts, and this knowledge also provides an improved resource for the selection or design of tailored transporters.
Velocity‐free formation control for omnidirectional mobile robots with input saturation
Authors: Jia Yuxin , Jia Yingmin , Gong Kai , Zheng Wenhao
Published: March 2023

This paper presents a command‐filter‐based formation control scheme for the leader‐follower omnidirectional mobile robots (OMRs) subject to the absence of the velocity measurements, input saturation and unknown bounded disturbances. First, an adaptive velocity observer is designed based on a novel state transformation of the OMR dynamics. Then, a finite‐time command filtering strategy is proposed, where the Levant filter is used to estimate the time derivative of the virtual control law, and an error compensator with finite time convergence is constructed to eliminate the filtering error correspondingly. Moreover, the anti‐saturation module and adaptive law are designed to attenuate the influence caused by input saturation and external disturbances. The proposed control scheme can ensure that all signals of the closed‐loop system including the formation error are uniformly bounded, and the effectiveness is verified by the simulations results.
Efficient waveguide power combiners at mm‐wave frequencies
Authors: van Schelven Ralph M. , Spirito Marco , Cavallo Daniele
Published: March 2023

In this study, an efficient power combiner for mm‐wave frequency transmitters is investigated. The combiner is based on a parallel plate waveguide (PPW) excited with multiple parallel feeds. The Doherty power combiner scheme is also integrated in the proposed concept, to increase the efficiency of the amplifiers when implementing amplitude modulation. The advantage of the proposed PPW combiner with respect to other concepts, for example, the ones based on substrate‐integrated waveguide, is the wider bandwidth and the scalability to an arbitrary number of inputs. Measured results from a demonstrator realised in standard printed circuit board technology are presented. Two variations of the combiner are implemented, one terminated with a 50 Ω coaxial output, and another integrated with an antenna. In the latter case, the waveguide is folded so that both the power combiner and the antenna fit within a half wavelength size, and thus would be compatible with a dense antenna array implementation.
Optimal selection of single tuned passive filters to enhance post‐fault voltage recovery and power quality in a renewable integrated microgrid
Authors: Ahmed Mushfiqul , Masood Nahid‐Al , Aziz Tareq
Published: March 2023

The harmonic currents produced by nonlinear loads and renewable energy sources (RES) like PV and wind energy have had a growing impact on industrial distribution networks in recent times. Along with harmonic distortions, lack of adequate reactive power support in a heavily loaded renewable‐rich industrial network has made the operation vulnerable to fault‐induced delayed voltage recovery (FIDVR). Due to poor post‐fault voltage recovery, an industrial microgrid is exposed to cascading loss of distributed generators (DGs). Dynamic var sources are being used to prevent cascade tripping. However, they may result in deterioration of the network's THD scenarios. Single tuned passive filters are widely used to suppress harmonic contents. The goal of this work is to design filters so that these become capable to lower overall harmonic distortion while also minimizing the risk of blackouts caused by inadequate post‐fault voltage recovery. To determine the allocation and rating of single tuned passive filters in a renewable‐penetrated industrial microgrid, an optimization model is developed. To show the feasibility and efficacy of the proposed formulation, simulations are performed on a modified IEEE 43 bus system. The findings suggest that the proposed design methodology produces effective solutions to minimize the necessity of additional reactive power sources.
Fast GPU based acquisition with minimum loss and downsampling techniques for weak BeiDou SBAS signals
Authors: Tang Chengyao , Chen Lei , Lv Zhicheng , Xie Fang , Mou Weihua
Published: March 2023

For a receiver of the BeiDou Satellite Based Augmentation System (BDSBAS), the acquisition aims to coarsely estimate the pseudo‐code delays and carrier Doppler shifts of the received signals. The use of downsampling techniques to accelerate this acquisition process for weak signals has been an emerging topic. However, the acquisition probabilities of conventional algorithms with downsampling are inadequate and need to be enhanced to prevent excessive false alarms due to degradation of the peak signal‐to‐noise ratios (PSNRs) during acquisition. To improve signal acquisition performance, we introduce an enhancer function before downsampling to achieve the minimum PSNR loss during acquisition. Then, we use graphic processing unit (GPU) functions to speed up the processing loop, matrix multiplication and fast Fourier transform operations. We thus present a fast GPU‐based acquisition method by using minimum loss and downsampling techniques. Our experimental results show the remarkable effectiveness of our method for receiving weak BDSBAS signals as compared to legacy downsampling algorithms. This work seeks not only to solve the current issue of achieving fast acquisition of weak BDSBAS signals but also to inspire creative new ideas that spur further advances in this promising field in the future.
Extreme amplification regimes of the Schwarzschild gravitational lens
Authors: Bakala Pavel , Bakalová Alena , La Placa Riccardo , Falanga Maurizio , Stella Luigi
Published: March 2023

We investigated a complete set of relativistic images of a small source located at an arbitrary distance from a Schwarzschild black hole gravitational lens. This paper offers a description of a simple and efficient fully relativistic method for calculating the bolometric intensity amplification. We focused our analysis primarily on sources located at small radii and close angular distance from the caustic line, both behind and in front of the compact lens. We term the corresponding large deflection regime ‘extreme lensing’. We approximated the regime of fully-relativistic, extreme amplification of point sources by simple analytical formulae valid over a wide range of source distances. Using such approximations, we also derived formulae for the maximum amplification of extended sources close to or intercepted by the caustic line. Simple analytical approximations of the time delay between the brightest consecutive images in extreme amplification regimes are also presented.
Trajectoire intellectuelle d’une political ecology « latino-américaine » : une relecture émancipatrice des crises sociales et écologiques ?
Authors: Jenatton Morgan , Lamine Claire , Morales Helda , Durand Leticia , Brandenburg Alfio
Published: March 2023

L’écologie politique latino-américaine est un cadre théorique pour penser les relations société-nature et la transition écologique qui a émergé au cours des 25 dernières années et représente aujourd’hui un véritable courant de référence dans le monde luso- hispanophone. Cet article présente la trajectoire et les ramifications de ce cadre théorique, et montre comment il s’est développé dans le sillon de la littérature anglophone de la political ecology, tout en affirmant ses propres influences et objets d’étude en s’appuyant sur des paradigmes plus globaux – tels que le post-structuralisme et le tournant ontologique – mais aussi sur des références épistémologiques propres, notamment la pensée critique latino-américaine, les études décoloniales et divers concepts clés développés depuis cette géographie spécifique et dans une proximité étroite entre les sphères universitaires et militantes. Nous montrons que ce cadre, dans lequel l’émancipation joue un rôle clé, offre des pistes conceptuelles intéressantes pour aborder les crises sociales et écologiques actuelles et spécifiquement pour l’analyse des transitions écologiques des systèmes alimentaires.
On Deep Holes of Projective Reed-Solomon Codes over Finite Fields with Even Characteristic
Authors: XU Xiaofan
Published: March 2023

Projective Reed-Solomon code is an important class of maximal distance separable codes in reliable communication and deep holes play important roles in its decoding. In this paper, we obtain two classes of deep holes of projective Reed-Solomon codes over finite fields with even characteristic. That is, let [see formula in PDF] be finite field with even characteristic, [see formula in PDF], and let [see formula in PDF] be the Lagrange interpolation polynomial of the first [see formula in PDF] components of the received vector [see formula in PDF]. Suppose that the [see formula in PDF]-th component of [see formula in PDF] is 0, and [see formula in PDF],[see formula in PDF] where [see formula in PDF], and [see formula in PDF] is a polynomial over [see formula in PDF] with degree no more than [see formula in PDF]. Then the received vector [see formula in PDF] is a deep hole of projective Reed-Solomon codes [see formula in PDF]. In fact, our result partially solved an open problem on deep holes of projective Reed-Solomon codes proposed by Wan in 2020.
Multilingual Knowledge Graph Completion Based on Structure Features of the Dual-Branch
Authors: ZHANG Shijie , GAO Yongbin , YANG Shuqun
Published: March 2023

With the development of information fusion, knowledge graph completion tasks have received a lot of attention.​ some studies investigate the broader underlying problems of linguistics, while embedding learning has a narrow focus.​This poses significant challenges due to the heterogeneity of coarse-graining patterns. Then, to settle the whole matter,​ a framework for completion is designed, named Triple Encoder-Scoring Module (TEsm). The model employs an alternating two-branch structure that fuses local features into the interaction pattern of the triplet itself by perfectly combining distance and structure models. Moreover, it is mapped to a uniform shared space. Upon completion, an ensemble inference method is proposed to query multiple predictions from different graphs using a weight classifier. Experiments show that the experimental dataset used for the completion task is DBpedia, which contains five different linguistic subsets..​Our extensive experimental results demonstrate that TEsm can efficiently and smoothly solve the optimal completion task, validating the performance of the proposed model.​
Zurück in die Zukunft – ergotag 2023
Authors: Gerasch Leonie , Mischner Julia
Published: March 2023

Vom 3. bis zum 5. Februar 2023 fand die Therapiemesse TheraPro in Stuttgart statt. In diesem Rahmen veranstaltete Thieme den physiokongress und den ergotag. In verschiedensten Vorträgen konnten die Therapeut*innen Wissen und Inspiration für ihren Arbeitsalltag sammeln.
Like oder Dislike – Social-Media-Nutzung als Betätigung
Authors: Kranz Florence
Published: March 2023

Instagram, YouTube & Co besitzen eine hohe Anziehungskraft, vor allem für die jüngere Generation. Wie aber beeinflussen solche Social-Media-Plattformen die psychische Gesundheit? Und welche Rolle spielen sie für die psychosoziale Ergotherapie? Diesen Fragen sind Nela Küper und Nele Wolgast in ihrer Bachelorarbeit nachgegangen. Ihre Ergebnisse regen zum Nachdenken an und zeigen, dass es für Ergotherapeut*innen in diesem Themenfeld jede Menge zu tun gibt.
Förderung mit dem ersten Atemzug – Basale Stimulation
Authors: Baldsiefen Regina
Published: March 2023

Das Kind entwickelt sich über die Sinne. Ebenso entwickelt sich die entstehende Beziehung zwischen Eltern und Kind nach der Schwangerschaft und Geburt über die Sinne weiter: einander sehen, riechen, berühren, halten, hören, wiegen, küssen, liebkosen, streicheln. Auf Neonatologie und Kinderintensivstationen kommen alltägliche, wiederkehrende Situationen und Möglichkeiten zum Einsatz, in denen Kinder und Eltern gegenseitige Sinneserfahrungen an- und miteinander erleben können.
Schwierigkeiten im Patientenmanagement bei vermeintlich unauffälliger MR-Prostatografie
Authors: Drewes Lukas , Boschheidgen Matthias , Sommer Bernd , Radtke Jan Philipp , Lopez-Cotarelo Cristina , Giesel Frederik Lars , Antoch Gerald , Schimmöller Lars
Published: March 2023

N/A
Lower Extremity Reconstruction with Anterolateral Thigh Free-Flap Anastomoses: A Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis
Authors: Jinka Sanjay K.A. , Jinka Ashoka G.K. , Janis Jeffrey E.
Published: March 2023

Background The anterolateral thigh free flap is an option for repairing soft tissue defects of the distal lower extremity. This flap uses the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral (LCF) artery as the flap vessel. The recipient vessel in these flaps is often the anterior tibial (AT), posterior tibial (PT), or peroneal (P) arteries. Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) evaluation of anastomoses between these vessels can optimize outcomes.

Methods Thirty-eight CFD models were created to model end-to-side (ETS) and end-to-end (ETE) anastomoses for lower extremity reconstruction. Seven out of thirty-eight models represented ETS anastomoses between the LCF and AT arteries with varying anastomotic angles. Nine out of thirty-eight models represented 45-degree ETS anastomoses between varying diameters of the LCF and AT, PT, and P arteries. Nine out of thirty-eight models represented stenosis on the flap vessel and recipient vessel, pre- and post-bifurcation. Nine out of thirty-eight models represented ETE anastomoses, rather than ETS, with varying vessel diameters. Four out of thirty-eight models represented ETE anastomoses with varying regions and levels of stenosis.

Results Stasis of blood flow in ETS models increased as anastomotic angle increased in a logarithmic relationship (R
2 = 0.918). Flow was optimized overall as flap and recipient vessel diameters approached one another. In ETS models, flap vessel and postbifurcation recipient vessel stenosis were found to substantially increase stasis.

Conclusion Selection of flap and recipient vessels with similar diameters can optimize outcomes in microvascular anastomoses. In the context of lower extremity reconstruction with the ALT flap, the PT artery can be recommended as a first-line recipient vessel due to its similar vessel caliber to the LCF and relative ease of surgical access compared with the P artery. Avoidance of areas of stenosis is recommended to ensure laminar flow and reduce the operative difficulty associated with performing anastomoses on nonpliable arteries. Striving for increased acuity of anastomotic angles is recommended to optimize the flow in ETS microvascular anastomoses.
Trends of Autologous Free-Flap Breast Reconstruction and Safety during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic
Authors: Elmer Nicholas A. , Bustos Valeria P. , Veeramani Anamika , Hassell Natalie , Comer Carly D. , Manstein Samuel M. , Kinney Jacquelyn , Lee Bernard T. , Lin Samuel J.
Published: March 2023

Background Autologous free-flap breast reconstruction (ABR) is a valuable surgical option for patients following mastectomy. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a myriad of factors that have affected access to care, hospital logistics, and postoperative outcomes. This study aims to identify differences in patient selection, hospital course and severity, and postoperative outcomes for patients who underwent ABR during and prior to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods Patients undergoing ABR from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program 2019 to 2020 database were analyzed to compare sociodemographics, hospital course, and outcomes over the first postoperative month. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors predictive of complications based on the operative year.

Results In total, 3,770 breast free flaps were stratified into two groups based on the timing of reconstruction (prepandemic and pandemic groups). Patients with a diagnosis of disseminated cancer were significantly less likely to undergo ABR during the COVID-19 pandemic. On univariate analysis, there were no significant differences in postoperative complications between the two groups. When controlling for potentially confounding sociodemographic and clinical risk factors, the COVID-19 group was significantly more likely to undergo reoperation compared with the prepandemic group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion When comparing outcomes for patients who underwent ABR prior to and during the COVID-19 pandemic, we found a significant increase in the odds of reoperation for those who had ABR during the pandemic. Debridement procedures and exploration for postoperative hemorrhage, thrombosis, or infection increased in the prepandemic group compared to the COVID-19 group. Notably, operative times decreased.
Visual Perception of Breast Free Flap Size Is Influenced by Radiation Changes of Surrounding Tissue
Authors: Lu Yi-Hsueh , Wang Fei , Rothchild Evan , Greige Nicolas , Mehta Karan , Weichman Katie E. , Ricci Joseph A.
Published: March 2023

Background Microsurgical reconstruction for bilateral mastectomy defects after unilateral radiation often results in asymmetry, despite both flap tissues never being radiated.

Methods Photos of 16 patients who received prior radiation to one breast and underwent bilateral abdominal free flap reconstruction were taken postoperatively. Layperson and expert assessment were attained via online crowdsourcing and a panel of attending surgeons and senior residents. Stratification by interflap weight differences was done for subanalysis.

Results A total of 399 laypersons responded, with the majority (57.3%) reporting that the radiated breast appeared smaller than the nonradiated breast. When the photos were stratified by interflap weight differences, the photos with the radiated side flap weight over 3% more than nonradiated side were significantly more likely to be perceived by laypersons as the same size (odds ratio [OR] = 2.7; p < 0.001) and of similar aesthetic (OR = 1.9; p < 0.001) when compared with photos with same-sized flaps. Of the expert responses (n = 16), the radiated side was perceived as smaller 72.3% of the time and the nonradiated side appeared more aesthetic 52.7% of the time. Contrary to layperson responses, the experts tend to report the radiated side as smaller despite varying flap weight. Interestingly, expert raters were significantly more likely to rate the flaps of equal aesthetics when the radiated side has a flap larger by 3% or more (OR = 3.6; p < 0.001).

Conclusion Higher aesthetic scores were noted when larger flaps were inset to the radiated envelope by both laypersons and experts, suggesting potential technical refinement in reconstructive outcomes.
Pd(II)-Catalyzed Directing-Group-Aided C–H Arylation, Alkylation, Benzylation, and Methoxylation of Carbazole-3-carboxamides toward C2,C3,C4-Functionalized Carbazoles
Authors: Babu Srinivasarao Arulananda , Kaur Ramandeep , Singh Harcharan
Published: March 2023

We report the Pd(II)-catalyzed β-C–H arylation, alkylation, benzylation, and methoxylation of carbazole-3-carboxamide and carbazole-2-carboxamide substrates, assisted by the bidentate directing groups 8-aminoquinoline or 2-(methylthio)aniline, and construction of C2,C3,C4-functionalized carbazole motifs. The Pd(II)-catalyzed β-C–H arylation reaction was attempted using different directing groups such as 8-aminoquinoline, 2-(methylthio)aniline, 4-amino-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole, 4-methoxyquinolin-8-amine, and butan-1-amine. Through optimization of the reactions, 8-aminoquinoline and 2-(methylthio)aniline were found to be suitable directing groups and, especially, 2-(methylthio)aniline was found to be an efficient directing group in the Pd(II)-catalyzed β-C–H arylation, alkylation, and methoxylation of carbazole-3-carboxamide, carbazole-2-carboxamide substrates. An ample number of β-C–H arylated, alkylated, benzylated, and methoxylated carbazole-3-carboxamides were synthesized. The structures of representative β-C(2)–H arylated carbazole and β-C(2)–H methoxylated carbazole motifs were unequivocally confirmed by single-crystal X-ray structure analysis. Given the wide range of applications of carbazoles in chemistry, materials sciences, and medicinal chemistry and there have been constant efforts for developing new methods for synthesizing functionalized carbazoles. This work contributes to the expansion of the library of C2,C3,C4-functionalized carbazole motifs through a Pd(II)-catalyzed directing-group-aided site-selective β-C–H activation and functionalization of carbazole-3-carboxamides.
Pediatric Practices' Perceptions of Text Message Communication with Families: An American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), Pediatric Research in Office Settings (PROS) Study
Authors: Nekrasova Ekaterina , Fiks Alexander G. , Wynn Chelsea , Torres Alessandra , Griffith Miranda , Shone Laura P. , Localio Russell , Shults Justine , Unger Rebecca , Ware Leigh Ann , Stockwell Melissa S.
Published: March 2023

Background Text messages can be an effective and low-cost mechanism for patient reminders; however, they are yet to be consistently integrated into pediatric primary care.

Objective The aim of this study was to explore pediatric primary care clinician and staff perceptions of pediatric office text message communication with families.

Methods As part of the National Institutes of Health–funded Flu2Text randomized controlled trial of second-dose influenza vaccine text message reminders, we conducted 7 focus groups and 4 individual interviews in July–August 2019 with primary care pediatric clinicians and staff (n = 39). Overall, 10 Pediatric Research in Office Settings (PROS) pediatric practices in 10 states were selected using stratified sampling. Semi-structured discussion guides included perspectives on possible uses, perceived usefulness, and ease of use of text messages; practices' current text messaging infrastructure; and perceived barriers/facilitators to future use of texting. Two investigators independently coded and analyzed transcripts based on the technology acceptance model using NVIVO 12 Plus (intercoder reliability, K = 0.86).

Results Overall, participants were supportive of text reminders for the second-dose influenza vaccine, other vaccines, and appointments and perceived texting as a preferred method of communication for caregivers. Health information privacy and patient confidentiality were the main concerns cited. Only respondents from practices with no internal appointment text message reminder system prior to the study expressed concerns about technology implementation logistics, time, and cost.

Conclusion Text message reminders, for various uses, appear to be well accepted among a group of geographically widespread pediatric practices after participation in a trial of influenza vaccine text message reminders. Privacy, confidentiality, and resource barriers need to be addressed to facilitate successful implementation.
Upper Blepharoplasty: An Evidence-Based Assessment of Preoperative Considerations and Surgical Techniques
Authors: Maamari Robi Nicolas
Published: March 2023

Upper blepharoplasty is one of the most common facial plastic surgical procedures performed. Due to its growing popularity, an abundance of articles is available describing variations in the surgical technique and outcomes. As a result, it has become increasingly difficult to identify appropriate surgical literature validated by a high level of evidence. The purpose of this review is to identify and describe specific evidence-based components of the preoperative evaluation and surgical approach in upper blepharoplasty surgery.
Quantitative Study of Impurities in Bedaquiline Fumarate: Identification and Characterization of Its Three Degradation Products Using HPLC, LC/ESI-MS, and NMR Analyses
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Wen , Jiang Gang-Long , Li Guo-Jing , Chen Xiao-Yan , Zhou Ai-Nan , Liu Yu
Published: March 2023

The study aimed to establish a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the quantitative analysis of the related substances of bedaquiline fumarate. Nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry were used for characterization and assay. A chromatographic method was used for separation. The conditions used were: gradient elution system composed of methanol 0.01mol/L KH2PO4 and 0.01 mol/L K2HPO4 (pH = 4.1) with a flow rate of 1 mL/min, at 224 nm as the detection wavelength. In this study, three degradation products of bedaquiline fumarate have been disclosed for the first time. The related impurities and degradation products of the drug were well separated. The method provided linear responses within the concentration range, which varied from 0.20 to 10.08 μg/mL with limits of detection of 0.10 μg/mL and limits of quantification of 0.20 μg/mL. The mean percent recovery varied between 91.64 and 105.89%. The method was validated for other parameters such as specificity, stability, and robustness. This method was validated and worked well for the impurity studies and quality control analysis of the laboratory-prepared samples of bedaquiline fumarate.
Early Pre- and Postoperative Enteral Nutrition and Growth in Infants with Symptomatic Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
Authors: Larsen Ulla Lei , Zachariassen Gitte , Möller Sören , Førre Wilhelmine Ursin , Grøsle Ingvild , Halken Susanne , Herskind Anne Maria , Strøm Thomas , Toft Palle , Ellebæk Mark , Qvist Niels
Published: March 2023

Objectives Nutritional support during the neonatal and postoperative period in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is challenging and controversial. We aimed to report on early enteral nutritional support in symptomatic CDH patients during the pre- and postoperative period, including feasibility, associated factors with established full enteral nutrition, and weight at birth, discharge, and 18 months.

Methods We retrospectively collected data on nutrition: type and volume of enteral nutrition and parental support. Enteral feeding was introduced preoperatively from day 1 after birth, increased step-wised (breastmilk preferred), and resumed after CDH repair on the first postoperative day. Baseline data were available from our CDH database.

Results From 2011 to 2020, we identified 45 CDH infants. Twenty-two were girls (51.1%), 35 left sided (77.8%), and 40 underwent CDH repair (88.9%). Median (interquartile range) length of stay in the pediatric intensive care unit was 14.6 days (6.0–26.5), and 1-year mortality was 17.8%.

Postoperatively, 120 and 160 mL/kg/d of enteral nutrition was achieved after a median of 6.5 (3.6–12.6) and 10.6 (7.6–21.7) days, respectively. In total, 31 (68.9%) needed supplemental parenteral nutrition in a median period of 8 days (5–18), and of those 11 had parenteral nutrition initiated before CDH repair. No complications to enteral feeding were reported.

Conclusion Early enteral nutrition in CDH infants is feasible and may have the potential to reduce the need for parental nutrition and reduce time to full enteral nutrition in the postoperative period.
Gradient estimates for the insulated conductivity problem: The case of m-convex inclusions
Authors: Zhao Zhiwen
Published: March 2023

We consider an insulated conductivity model with two neighboring inclusions of m-convex shapes in Rd when m ≥ 2 and d ≥ 3. We establish pointwise gradient estimates for the insulated conductivity problem and capture the gradient blow-up rate of order ɛ−1/m+β with β=[−(d+m−3)+(d+m−3)2+4(d−2)]/(2m)∈(0,1/m) as the distance ɛ between these two insulators tends to zero. In particular, the optimality of the blow-up rate is also demonstrated for a class of axisymmetric m-convex inclusions.
Piezoelectric energy harvesting systems using mechanical tuning techniques
Authors: Liu Xuejin , He Lipeng , Liu Renwen , Hu Dianbin , Zhang Limin , Cheng Guangming
Published: March 2023

In this review, we review the recent research progress and results of piezoelectric energy harvesters applying mechanical tuning techniques in terms of literature background, methods of mechanical tuning, and practical applications. In the past few decades, piezoelectric energy harvesting techniques and mechanical tuning techniques have received increasing attention and made significant progress. Mechanical-tuning techniques are those that allow the resonant vibration energy harvesters the mechanical resonant frequency values to be adjusted to coincide with the excitation frequency. According to the different tuning methods, this review classifies mechanical-tuning techniques based on magnetic action, different piezoelectric materials, axial load, the variable center of gravity, various stresses, and self-tuning and summarizes the corresponding research results, comparing the differences between the same methods. In addition, the current application of the mechanical-tuning techniques is introduced, and the future development of mechanical tuning techniques is analyzed, facilitating the reader to better understand how mechanical-tuning techniques can improve the output performance of energy harvesters.
Transitions between dissipative localized structures in the simplified Gilad–Meron model for dryland plant ecology
Authors: Al Saadi Fahad , Parra-Rivas Pedro
Published: March 2023

Spatially extended patterns and multistability of possible different states are common in many ecosystems, and their combination has an important impact on their dynamical behaviors. One potential combination involves tristability between a patterned state and two different uniform states. Using a simplified version of the Gilad–Meron model for dryland ecosystems, we study the organization, in bifurcation terms, of the localized structures arising in tristable regimes. These states are generally related to the concept of wave front locking and appear in the form of spots and gaps of vegetation. We find that the coexistence of localized spots and gaps, within tristable configurations, yields the appearance of hybrid states. We also study the emergence of spatiotemporal localized states consisting of a portion of a periodic pattern embedded in a uniform Hopf-like oscillatory background in a subcritical Turing–Hopf dynamical regime.
Optical properties of circular Bragg gratings with labyrinth geometry to enable electrical contacts
Authors: Buchinger Quirin , Betzold Simon , Höfling Sven , Huber-Loyola Tobias
Published: March 2023

We present an optical study of various device designs for electrically contactable circular Bragg grating cavities in labyrinth geometries. To create an electrical connection between the central disk and the surrounding membrane, which are separated through air gaps, we introduce connections between the adjacent rings. We propose to rotate these connections, creating a labyrinth-like structure, to disable waveguiding and keep the mode confinement. To investigate how different arrangements and sizes of the connections affect the optical properties and to find the optimal design, six different layouts with either threefold or fourfold symmetry and one with twofold symmetry are investigated experimentally and by numerical simulations. Reflectivity measurements and simulations show that rotating the connections improves the mode confinement, far-field pattern, and Purcell factor compared to layouts with connections arranged in straight lines. We compare results between different layouts for different connection widths and perform polarization resolved measurements to investigate whether the connections create asymmetries in the photonic confinement that would impede the performance of the device.