bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Applying Nursing Theory to Perioperative Nursing Practice
Authors: Gillette Veronica A.
Published: August 2006

The perioperative nursing role has evolved from that of task‐oriented specialists to patient‐centered professionals. The concept of caring is significant to perioperative nurses and is manifested by the many caring behaviors perioperative nurses demonstrate toward surgical patients. This article describes how the element of caring is an essential function of perioperative nursing and relates the perioperative nursing role to the work of three nursing theorists (ie, Florence Nightingale; Virginia Henderson, RN, AM; Carol L. Montgomery, RN, PhD).AORN J64 (Aug 1996) 261–270.
A Patient Classification System for Ambulatory Surgery Centers
Authors: Kusler‐Jensen Jane A.
Published: August 2006

A well‐developed and operational patient classification system can lessen problems associated with determining and allocating nursing personnel. This article discusses the development of such a tool in a freestanding ambulatory surgery center and includes a tool for facilities that want to develop similar classification systems. AORN J 64 (Aug 1996) 273–277.
From Grim to Green Pastures: Meditations for the Sick and their Caregivers
Authors: Markey Bernadine T.
Published: August 2006

From Grim to Green Pastures: Meditations for the Sick and their Caregivers By Richard L. Morgan 1994, 81 pp $9.95 paperback
Nursing: The Finest Art
Authors: Seifert Patricia C.
Published: August 2006

Nursing: The Finest Art, second ed By M. Patricia Donahue 1996, 535 pp $52.95 hardcover
Bloodless Medicine and Surgery
Authors: Maness C.P. , Russell S.M. , Altonji P. , Allmendinger P.
Published: August 2006

Our hospital is a center for bloodless medicine and surgery (CBMS). It is one of 56 such centers located in the United States. The mission of the center is to provide surgical and medical treatment without the administration of blood or blood‐related products. Patients' rights to autonomy and self‐determination are respected. Development of the CBMS program required the writing and implementation of specific guidelines, developing standards of care, revising existing policies and procedures, and educating staff members. The CBMS program is multifaceted and multidisciplinary. AORN J 67 (Jan 1998) 144‐152.
Blood and Blood Product Use in Perioperative Patient Care
Authors: Dreger Vicki , Tremback Thomas
Published: August 2006

A variety of health care personnel are involved in the collection, storage, and administration of the 20 million units of blood products that are transfused into millions of patients each year. This article reviews blood transfusion practices, nursing care guidelines, and new developments to help perioperative nurses prevent or ameliorate adverse transfusion outcomes in surgical patients. AORN J 67 (Jan 1998) 154–190.
Study on Effect of Methods of Preoperative Education in Women
Authors: Lookinland Sandra , Pool Madonna
Published: August 2006

The authors' repeated measures experimental study at a 359‐bed community medical center located in California compared the effect of preadmission structured education with postadmission unstructured education on the outcomes of patient satisfaction, postoperative recovery, and return to functional status. Power analysis for a large effect size was used to determine the sample size of 50 adult females scheduled for open abdominal surgery. The authors used valid and reliable tools to measure the dependent variables and their findings suggest that same‐day admission surgical patients who receive preadmission structured education have improved clinical outcomes, are more satisfied, are more likely to meet the targeted discharge date, and return to prior functional status sooner. AORN J 67 (Jan 1998) 203‐213.
Development of Professional Excellence Puts Best Foot Forward
Authors: DeMello Ann B. , Pagragan Cindy S.
Published: August 2006

In today's changing market, any employee can be laid off, anytime, anywhere. Perioperative nurses everywhere are at risk of losing their jobs. Creating or updating a resume, filling out applications, and facing job interviews can be intimidating. Highly qualified candidates may not be selected for a position; however, the best prepared and most determined often are. This article outlines techniques for a well‐written resume, good communication skills, and a “dressed for success” appearance that are essential in projecting professional excellence. AORN J 67 (Jan 1998) 214‐221.
Spousal Coping During the Surgical Wait
Authors: Reichert Amy L.
Published: August 2006

Spousal Coping During the Surgical Wait, D Trimm, Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing, Vol 12, June 1997, 141–151
Bilateral Lung Volume Reduction Surgery for Treatment of Emphysema
Authors: Dickey Desise M.
Published: August 2006

Patients suffering from chronic pulmonary emphysema can benefit from a new surgical technique that offers them relief from chronic dyspnea and declining quality of life. Bilateral lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) involves an innovative surgical stapling technique for removing emphysematous lung tissue. To prevent persistent air leaks, surgeons use bovine pericardium strips to reinforce surgical staple lines created during bilateral LVRS. Perioperative nurses should understand the disease process of chronic pulmonary emphysema, bilateral LVRS techniques, and possible postoperative complications to provide quality nursing care for patients undergoing LVRS procedures. AORN J 63 (Feb 1996) 355–372.
Surgical Treatment of Emphysema Using Bovine Pericardium Strips
Authors: Allen Gloria M.
Published: August 2006

Chronic pulmonary emphysema (CPE) damages lung tissue, causing it to lose elasticity and no longer exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide efficiently. In the past, lung transplantation was the only surgical treatment for CPE. Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) using bovine pericardium strips is a surgical approach that removes emphysematous lung tissue, allows healthy lung tissue to reexpand, and improves the functioning of the intercostal muscles and diaphragm. Surgical stapling devices buttressed with strips of bovine pericardium are used in LVRS procedures to reduce air leaks along staple lines. Patients with CPE who have undergone LVRS procedures using bovine pericardium strips have experienced a dramatic increase in their ability to exchange air, allowing them to have more normal lifestyles. AORN J 63 (Feb 1996) 373–388.
An Approach to the Retrieval of Thoracic Organs for Transplantation
Authors: Lloyd‐Jones H. , Wheeldon D.R. , Smith J.A. , Potter C.D.O. , Wallwork J. , Large S.R.
Published: August 2006

A critical, worldwide shortage of thoracic organs exists. The donor management program at Papworth Hospital, National Health Service Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom, allows satisfactory transplantation of thoracic organs that initially appear unsuitable. The perioperative organ retrieval team members assess the cardiovascular status of all potential donors and manage suboptimal hemodynamics with hormonal replacement therapy consisting of triiodothyronine, antidiuretic hormone, epinephrine, and insulin. These donors' cardiovascular and pulmonary functions must be within acceptable limits at the time of organ excision. Our standardized approach facilitates objective decision making regarding the appropriate use of donor organs and has increased the number of available donor organs at Papworth Hospital by 30%. Morbidity and mortality rates in thoracic organ recipients have not increased since the authors developed the standardized approach, and more patients have benefited from thoracic organ transplantation. AORN J 63 (Feb 1996) 416–426.
AORN's Multisite Clinical Study of Bloodborne Exposures in OR Personnel
Authors: Thompson Julie
Published: August 2006

Perioperative nurses are participating in a multisite clinical study to identify risk factors for blood and body fluid exposures in OR settings and to create a surveillance database that can be used to assess the benefits of strategies to prevent these exposures. The project is funded by a grant from Becton Dickinson, Franklin Lakes, NJ, to the AORN Foundation and is coordinated by an AORN Headquarters nurse in collaboration with the primary investigator at the University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville. This article reports the study's implementation and current status. AORN J 63 (Feb 1996) 428–434.
Intraoperative Nursing Care as Experienced by Surgical Patients
Authors: Hankela Sirpa , Kiikkala Irma
Published: August 2006

Researchers studied the expectations and experiences related to intraoperative nursing care of patients who underwent hip replacement procedures with regional anesthesia at University Hospital, Tampere, Finland. They used patients' perspectives to develop a conceptual framework that describes quality intraoperative nursing care. AORN J 63 (Feb 1996) 435–442.
Sexual Harassment and Hostile Environments in the Perioperative Area
Authors: Kaye Judy
Published: August 2006

Nursing has dealt with sexual harassment since the era of Florence Nightingale. Despite legislation and increased media attention, perioperative nurses continue to experience frustration, embarrassment, and psychological and economic repercussions because of sexual harassment. Prevention of sexual harassment must encompass individuals, employers, and the health care profession as a whole. Individuals can take steps to stop sexual harassment by reporting the incidents and confronting the harassers. Employers have a legal responsibility to maintain work environments that discourage sexual harassment. Policies and procedures strictly prohibiting sexual harassment should be well publicized and supported strongly by management. Sexual harassment prevention programs should include medical staff members, because studies indicate most harassers are physicians. Awareness and prevention are the first steps to establishing and maintaining healthy workplaces that are free of sexual harassment. AORN J 63 (Feb 1996) 443–449.
Testing Prototype Products in the Operating Room
Authors: Routledge Janice D. , Henderson Lesley J.
Published: August 2006

Historically, the discussion of which products to use in a hospital has centered around disposable versus reusable products; however, new technology has produced a line of products that are not only disposable but degradable. Perioperative staff members at Redmond Regional Medical Center, Rome, Ga, participated in the testing, evaluation, and use of these prototype products during their development. AORN J 63 (Feb 1996) 450–451.
Emotional Distress Reported by Women and Husbands Prior to a Breast Biopsy
Authors: Girard Nancy J.
Published: August 2006

Emotional Distress Reported by Women and Husbands Prior to a Breast Biopsy, LL Northouse, Nursing Research, Vol 44, July/August 1995, 196–201
Mastering Documentation
Authors: Parfitt Janice M.
Published: August 2006

MASTERING DOCUMENTATION Edited by Matt Cahill 1994, 236 pp $44.95 hardcover
Health Care Work Redesign
Authors: Shaner‐Christy Patricia A.
Published: August 2006

HEALTH CARE WORK REDESIGN Edited by Kathleen Kelly 1995, 278 pp $39.95 hardcover
Pharmacy Practice and the Law
Authors: Stevens Janice E.
Published: August 2006

PHARMACY PRACTICE AND THE LAW By Richard R. Abood, David E. Brushwood 1994, 355 pp $49 hardcover
Perioperative Nursing in Israel
Authors: Waugaman Wynne R. , Lasensky Dorothy J.
Published: August 2006

Perioperative nursing in Israel's Hadassah Medical Organization hospitals—Ein Kerem and Mt Scopus—reflects quality patient care practices paralleling those in US hospitals. Although these two hospitals, both located in Jerusalem, represent only 5% of the hospital beds in Israel, they receive more than 60% of referrals made to all Israeli hospitals. Throughout Israel's tumultuous history, the Hadassah Medical Organization has served the country during both war and peace. In 1991, Mt Scopus was designated as the hospital on duty in case of a chemical attack during the Gulf War. The authors provide an overview of perioperative nursing at the Ein Kerem and Mt Scopus Medical Centers of the Hadassah Medical Organization and describe one American nurse's experience as a volunteer in the Mt Scopus Medical Center OR during the Gulf War. AORN J 64 (Nov 1996) 691–701.
Surgical Instrument Manufacturing in Southern Germany
Authors: Bower Janet O.
Published: August 2006

Most of the finer surgical instruments are manufactured in a small town in southern Germany. The creation of these instruments follows a complex process that has evolved since the turn of the century. This article discusses the history of the town's instrument manufacturing and the process the craftsmen follow as observed by the author. AORN J 64 (Nov 1996) 710–714.
Managing Patients with Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: McEwen Donna R. , Sanchez Maria M. , Rosario Ana , Allen Wilhelmenia E.
Published: August 2006

The diagnosis of pancreatic cancer is devastating for patients and family members because of the high morbidity and mortality rates associated with the disease. Regardless of the stages of their illnesses or the treatments they receive, only 3% of patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer survive five years or more after diagnosis. Compassionate, knowledgeable, supportive nursing care is necessary throughout all stages of pancreatic cancer. This article provides perioperative nurses with information about the diagnosis, treatment, and palliative care for patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. AORN J 64 (Nov 1996) 716–735.
The Role of the Anesthesia Care Coordinator in Preadmission Testing
Authors: Swanson Heidi L. , Scheb Diane M.
Published: August 2006

Surgery delays and cancellations are costly to hospitals and emotionally distressful to patients. At Sarasota (Fla) Memorial Hospital, staff members developed a critical pathway—the preanesthesia collaborative care track, called “the Track,” to address problems associated with preparing patients for surgery. The Track is designed to facilitate preoperative patient assessments and nursing interventions that achieve desirable patient outcomes and to enhance the delivery of quality health care to surgical patients. The RN anesthesia care coordinator of the Track assists in early patient‐problem identification and ensures that appropriate clinical data are available for perioperative nurses, anesthesiologists, and surgeons to avoid last‐minute delays and cancellations of scheduled surgical procedures. AORN J 64 (Nov 1996) 776–780.
A Perioperative Educators Network Promotes Collegiality
Authors: Beck Sandra M. , Utz Pamela K.
Published: August 2006

The term collegiality, as defined in the AORN professional performance standards, identifies an obligation for perioperative nurses to advance their specialty and contribute to the growth of peers and colleagues. Networking is a personally inspiring and cost‐effective way to accomplish many of the goals set forth in these standards. A group of perioperative nurse educators in southeastern Michigan recognized this opportunity and combined resources to achieve collegiality and reach common goals. The benefits of increasing contacts, sharing resources, and gaining peer support contribute to the ultimate goal of providing quality education for perioperative staff members. AORN J 64 (Nov 1996) 786–791.
Preventing Intravasation in Women Undergoing Hysteroscopic Procedures
Authors: Bennett Kaye L. , Ohrmundt Christine , Maloni Judith A.
Published: August 2006

Hysteroscopic procedures, which are an alternative to hysterectomy for surgical treatment of menorrhagia and uterine fibroids, place women at risk for intravasation of uterine distention fluid. Intravasation can produce fluid overload, pulmonary edema, congestive heart failure, and electrolyte imbalances. To examine risk factors for and evaluate nursing interventions to decrease the incidence of intravasation, the researchers compared mean arterial pressures (MAPs) and intrauterine pressures (IUPs) in two groups of women undergoing elective outpatient hysteroscopic procedures. The experimental group consisted of 20 women in whom fluid infusion pump pressures were maintained below the women's MAPs. The control group consisted of 20 women whose fluid infusion pump pressures were set at random. Distention fluid deficits and the total infused distention fluid volume differed significantly between the two groups, supporting the study hypothesis that maintaining equilibrium between women's IUPs and MAPs decreases the risk of uterine distention fluid absorption into the vasculature and fluid overload complications. Perioperative nurses need to monitor women's MAPs before and during hysteroscopic procedures and maintain fluid infusion pump pressures at or below women's MAPs to decrease the potential for intravasation. AORN J 64 (Nov 1996) 792–799.
A Prospective Randomized Double‐Blinded Study of the Effect of Intravenous Fluid Therapy on Adverse Outcomes on Outpatient Surgery
Authors: Leske Jane B.
Published: August 2006

A Prospective Randomized Double‐Blinded Study of the Effect of Intravenous Fluid Therapy on Adverse Outcomes on Outpatient Surgery, S Yogendran, Anesthesia and Analgesia, Vol 80, April 1995, 682–686
Urinary Incontinence in Adults: Acute and Chronic Management
Authors: Hruschak Julie
Published: August 2006

Urinary Incontinence in Adults: Acute and Chronic Management, By the US Department of Health and Human Services 1996, 154 pp $6 paperback
Nurse's Clinical Guide to Wound Care
Authors: Lyon Karen Carter
Published: August 2006

Nurse's Clinical Guide to Wound Care, By Cathy Thomas Hess 1995, 304 pp $26.95 spiralbound
Intraoperative Positioning of Surgical Patients
Authors: McEwen Donna R.
Published: August 2006

All perioperative team members are responsible for the safe positioning of surgical patients. Circulating nurses coordinate the positioning of patients during intraoperative periods of care. Skilled perioperative nursing interventions afford patients safe and comfortable positioning during surgery, ensure optimal exposures of surgical sites, and prevent postoperative complications (eg, pressure injuries, neuropathies, cardiovascular and respiratory compromises). Perioperative nurses should have a working knowledge of anatomy and physiology, patient risk factors, Injury mechanisms, potential complications, and positioning devices before placing patients in required perioperative positions. AORN J 63 (June 1996) 1059‐1079.
Laparoscopic Extraperitoneal Herniorrhaphy
Authors: Collins Lynnette G.
Published: August 2006

Laparoscopic extraperitoneal (LEP) herniorrhaphy procedures allow direct visualization and repair of many types of hernias (eg, direct, indirect, femoral, sliding, bilateral). Common complications of open herniorrhaphy procedures are avoided when LEP herniorrhaphy procedures are used because the peritoneum is not entered. The placement of synthetic mesh in the preperitoneal space during LEP hernlorrhaphy procedures prevents inadvertent contact with peritoneal contents and minimizes patients' risks of adhesions, bowel obstructions, fistulas, and intraabdominal vascular injuries. Improved anatomic presentation and optimal patient outcomes are achieved with this approach. AORN Journal 63 (June 1996) 1089‐1098.
Accuracy of Chemical Dot Thermometers in Critically Ill Adults and Children
Authors: Gaberson Kathleen B.
Published: August 2006

Accuracy of Chemical Dot Thermometers in Critically Ill Adults and Children, RS Erickson, LT Meyer, TM Woo, IMAGE: Journal of Nursing Scholarship, Vol 28, Spring 1996, 23–28
Infection Control for the Health Care Worker
Authors: Neuendorf Marcia
Published: August 2006

second ed By Leigh G. Donowitz 1995, 57 pp free paperback
Laparoscopic Distal Pancreatectomy Proceclures in a Rural Hospital
Authors: Clark Gregory J. , Onders Raymond P. , Knudson J. Duane
Published: August 2006

Laparoscopic surgical procedures are replacing traditional, more invasive surgical procedures—even in small, rural hospitals. During a period of 12 months, the authors performed laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy procedures on two patients at a 20‐bed hospital in North Dakota. Although surgeons in other countries have reported performing laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy procedures, this is the first published report of a US surgical team performing this procedure. Laparoscopic dissection of the distal pancreas allows preservation of patients' spleens, decreases postoperative pain and length of hospitalization, and permits patients to return to activities of daily living more quickly than with traditional open pancreatectomy procedures. AORN J 65 (Feb 1997) 334–343.
Development of a Patient‐Centered Preprocedure Program
Authors: Hoeksema Janice , Munski Joann
Published: August 2006

Staff members at Blodgett Memorial Medical Center, Grand Rapids, Mich, developed and implemented a prototype for a new patient‐centered preadmission testing (PAT) program. Using continuous improvement principles, an implementation team improved the existing PAT program by increasing patient satisfaction, reducing duplication of care and services, and avoiding delayed or canceled surgical procedures in the OR. The implementation team then designed a preprocedure learning process in which nurses performed patient assessments, coordinated information between departments, and made appropriate referrals. AORN J 65 (Feb 1997) 388–395.
Changes in Occipital Capillary Perfusion Pressures During Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Fawcett Debra L.
Published: August 2006

Changes in Occipital Capillary Perfusion Pressures During Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery, JA Steinmetz, DK Langemo, Advances in Wound Care, Vol 9, May/June 1996, 28–32
Using Nursing Case Management to Improve Health Outcomes
Authors: Phillips Susan S.
Published: August 2006

Using Nursing Case Management to Improve Health Outcomes By Michael Newell 1996, 289 pp $49, hardcover
Breast Cancer in the Nineties
Authors: Buyske Jo , Mackarem Gasan , Ulmer Brenda C. , Hughes Kevis S.
Published: August 2006

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women and is the second (after lung cancer) leading cause of cancer deaths in women. Knowledge of breast cancer and its epidemiology, natural course, and response to treatment continue to evolve, making the survival rates for patients with breast cancer more optimistic. Women with breast cancer must decide, in partnership with expert physicians and nurses, what their options are for screening, diagnosis, and treatment. This article provides an overview of options available to women diagnosed with breast cancer.
Developing Behavioral Objectives for Perioperative Staff Development
Authors: Beitz Janice M.
Published: August 2006

Behavioral objectives (ie, clear statements that describe intended instructional outcomes) are a crucial component of educational planning for perioperative staff development. Properly written objectives promote positive learning outcomes such as increased motivation, better retention of information, and improved instructional accountability. This article describes the advantages of using behavioral objectives, gives a historical perspective of their development, presents a practical “how‐to” approach to formulating them, and delineates their link to the selection of appropriate evaluation methods.
Increasing OR Efficiency with a Specialty Services Manual
Authors: Au Yue‐Kong , Bynum Patrick S. , Poole Tammy
Published: August 2006

The successful operation of a modern ophthalmology OR is dependent on a knowledgeable, well‐educated nursing staff. To improve communication and teamwork between ophthalmology surgeons and nursing staff members at the Louisiana State University Medical Center‐University Hospital, Shreveport, we developed an OR manual. We reduced our level of frustration by producing a manual that facilitates the day‐to‐day operation of the surgical services department. The manual provides consistent information for our ophthalmic surgical procedures; functions as a reference source; and promotes an efficient, productive OR. Although we designed this manual for the ophthalmology surgical service at our medical center, its structure can be applied to other surgical specialties.
Frequency, Manifestations, and Correlates of Impaired Healing of Saphenous Vein Harvest Incisions
Authors: Leske Jane S.
Published: August 2006

Frequency, Manifestations, and Correlates of Impaired Healing of Saphenous Vein Harvest Incisions, DD Wipke‐Tevis, Heart & Lung, Vol 25, March/April 1996, 108–116
Pocket Guide to the Operating Room
Authors: Carlton Jeffrey S.
Published: August 2006

Pocket Guide to the Operating Room, second ed By Maxine A. Goldman 1996, 655 pp $29.95 paperback
Ethics in Emergency Medicine
Authors: Logan Robin
Published: August 2006

Ethics in Emergency Medicine, second ed By Kenneth V. Iserson, Arthur B. Sanders, Deborah Mathieu 1995, 540 pp $39.95 paperback
Transcultural Perioperative Nursing in Berlin
Authors: Vane Betsy , Singleton Carolyn J.
Published: August 2006

Political events and military base closures in the early 1990s caused the US Army Hospital, Berlin, to extend care to include British military forces and to contract the services of civilian German surgeons and nurses. This article describes transcultural perioperative nursing in Berlin from 1991 to 1994. It also compares the differences between American, British, and German military and civilian expectations of OR nurses, anesthesia care providers, and surgeons and explores nursing education, licensing, practice issues, and socialized medicine in a transcultural environment. AORN J 63 (March 1996) 533–544.
Promoting Perioperative Nursing through International Cooperation
Authors: Hendel Tova , Nomberg Malka
Published: August 2006

Adequate development of human resources is a challenge facing all societies and nations, especially those in transition from one development stage to another. Through international cooperation programs, perioperative nurses can share and exchange knowledge, experience, and expertise. They also can expand their clinical horizons, fostering collegiality and friendships and further advancing nursing professionalism internationally. In Israel, we developed and implemented a special, short‐term course for perioperative nurses from developing countries. Planners and participants found this course to be an outstanding experience. AORN J 63 (March 1996) 548–554.
Video‐Assisted Thoracoscopic Releases of Scoliotic Anterior Spines
Authors: Nymberg Susan M. , Crawford Alvin H.
Published: August 2006

Anterior thoracic discectomy procedures with endplate ablations and posterior spinal fusions are advocated for patients with severe scoliosis. These surgical procedures traditionally are accomplished through extensive open thoracotomy incisions. At Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, surgical team members have used a minimally invasive procedure, video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), to release the anterior spines of patients with scoliosis. This surgical technique has many benefits, including reduced blood loss, decreased postoperative pain, and improved postoperative pulmonary function. Perioperative nurses play key roles in the team approach to patient care through provision of preoperative education programs for patients and family members, organization of OR equipment, anticipation of possible intraoperative complications, and postoperative patient care planning. The implementation of a VATS program within an institution requires a significant financial investment and a long‐term commitment to the ongoing education of OR personnel. AORN J 63 (March 1996) 561–575.
You Can Be in Jeopardy
Authors: Ford Donna A. , Brown Dianne M.
Published: August 2006

Clinical nurse educators are challenged continually to develop interesting and meaningful education sessions for staff members. At the Mayo Medical Center, Rochester, Minn, clinical nurse educators in the surgical services department created an education session based on the television game show Jeopardy. Staff members found they could remember information presented during the education session more easily because of the game show format. AORN J 63 (March 1996) 583–589.
A Perioperative Elective for College Credit
Authors: Brown Margaret B. , Hill Beryl J. , Brouse Suzanne H.
Published: August 2006

The authors developed a collaborative perioperative elective course between the Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, and Indiana University Southeast, New Albany. The course is for students studying for bachelor of science degrees in nursing and is offered as a four‐hour elective. The course allows nursing students to participate more in surgical procedures; learn the proper use, care, and cleaning of surgical instruments; and learn nursing theory. Students' and staff members' responses have been favorable. AORN J 63 (March 1996) 590–598.
Effect of Continuously Warmed IV Fluids on Intraoperative Hypothermia
Authors: Ellis‐Stoll C.C. , Anderson C. , Cantu L.G. , Englert S.J. , Carlile W.E.
Published: August 2006

The investigators examined the effect of infusing continuously warmed (ie, 37.0° C [98.6° F]) IV fluids in two groups of middle‐aged female patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy procedures. They hypothesized that increasing IV fluid temperature during surgery would decrease patients' risk for hypothermia. One group of patients received prewarmed IV fluids that cooled to room temperature during surgery. The second group received IV fluids that were warmed continuously by a fluid warmer during the surgical procedures. Analyses of covariance, with the first intraoperative temperature measurement treated as the covariate, revealed nonsignificant results at the P <.05 level. The results suggest that administering continuously warmed IV fluids intraoperatively has no significant effect on maintaining patients' body temperatures during short laparoscopic surgical procedures. AORN J 63 (March 1996) 599–606.
Application of Prediction Levels to OR Scheduling
Authors: Dexter Franklin
Published: August 2006

Many perioperative managers record operating room times (ORTs) and use average ORTs to facilitate scheduling of elective surgical procedures. A second statistic, the upper 95% prediction level (ie, 95% chance the next ORT will be less than the upper prediction level) can be calculated from previous ORTs and used in scheduling elective procedures. The author used eight elective surgical procedures to test a distribution‐free method for calculating ORT upper prediction levels. Upper prediction levels can provide perioperative managers better knowledge than average ORTs to facilitate decision making during the scheduling of elective surgical procedures. This method can be used to find upper prediction levels for any desired measure of procedure duration (eg, surgeon, scheduled procedure‐specific times).AORN J63 (March 1996)607–615.
Cost‐Effectiveness of Laser Ablation of the Prostate
Authors: McConnell Edwina A.
Published: August 2006

Cost‐Effectiveness of laser ablation of the prostate, T Jackson, International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care, Vol 11, Summer 1995, 595–610
Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery
Authors: Spellman Jana R.
Published: August 2006

Alexander's Care of the Patient in Surgery, 10th ed By Margaret Huth Meeker, Jane C. Rothrock 1995, 1,369 pp $61.95 hardcover
Health Care Administration
Authors: MacMillan Carllene B.
Published: August 2006

Health Care Administration, second ed Edited by Lawrence F. Wolper 1995, 700 pp $79 hardcover
Hope and Hopelessness: Critical Clinical Constructs
Authors: Calhoun Marlene J.
Published: August 2006

Hope And Hopelessness: Critical Clinical Constructs By Carol J. Farran, Kaye A. Herth, Judith M. Popovich 1995, 272 pp $21.95 paperback
HIV Care: A Comprehensive Handbook for Providers
Authors: Hidalgo Baldemar J.
Published: August 2006

HIV Care: A Comprehensive Handbook for Providers By Laurie J. Andrews, Laurie B. Novick 1995, 250 pp $19.95 paperback
The Nature and Role of Ideology in the Modern Cambodian State
Authors: Slocomb Margaret
Published: August 2006

After regaining independence from France in 1953, Cambodia was ruled by successive regimes according to specific ideologies which were presented as charters for constructing a modern state. For the past 20 years, however, Cambodian politics has been dominated by the seemingly non-ideological Prime Minister Hun Sen. In his public rhetoric and the stated goals of the current regime, it may be possible to identify if not ideology, then ideas about how the Cambodian people are to be governed in a post-ideological era.
Reassessing Tradition in Times of Political Change: Post-War Cambodia Reconsidered
Authors: Hughes Caroline , Öjendal Joakim
Published: August 2006

This collection of articles focuses on the interrelationship of tradition and change in the Cambodian context. In doing so, it seeks to achieve a number of objectives: first, to contribute to the debate over the role of ‘culture’ in political life in Cambodia; second, to challenge some of the preconceptions about the nature of ‘culture’ in general, and Cambodian culture in particular, upon which that debate has been based; and third, to achieve these first two aims by bringing together in productive dialogue recent speculations on Cambodia in the disciplines of political science and anthropology. As such, the symposium seeks to reflect on the relationship between culture and politics; the implications of different framings of this relationship for the politics of contemporary international engagement with Cambodia; and the implications of these for the disciplinary lenses commonly adopted by political scientists and anthropologists.
The Tyranny of Proximity: Power and Mobility in Colonial Cambodia, 1863–1954
Authors: Edwards Penny
Published: August 2006

Often typecast as sedentary and static in Western writings, Cambodians have long been on the move. This article explores the misrepresentation of such mobility in colonial narratives, and contrasts the stereotype of the static Khmer with the mobilization of recruits in the First World War, the activities of protesters in Cambodia and political devices like the Royal Tour.
The Politics of Gifts: Tradition and Regimentation in Contemporary Cambodia
Authors: Hughes Caroline
Published: August 2006

This paper seeks to elucidate the symbolic and coercive dimensions of gift-giving in contemporary Cambodia. It is argued that gift-giving is enacted in such a way as to make self-conscious references to aspects of Cambodian ‘tradition’, but that these references are less important, in compelling assent, than the overt sense of threat that accompanies the donation of gifts. It is argued that the hitching of traditions of giving to mechanisms of inclusion and exclusion is widely rejected as lacking in any kind of cultural legitimacy, but that there are few opportunities available for the poor to make such rejection explicit. In this circumstance, acceptance of practices of regimentation as ‘traditional’ represents a strategy of surrender, rather than a culturally induced response.
Recast(e)ing Identity: Transformation of Inter-caste Relationships in Post-colonial Rural Orissa
Authors: TANABE AKIO
Published: August 2006

Caste in contemporary Indian society has often been seen as a remainder of waning tradition. Advent of egalitarian liberalism and/or capitalism is taken to be the force of change which is destroying or restricting the relevance of caste in contemporary society. Against such a view, this paper will argue that caste remains an important frame of reference for defining people's identity especially in rural society. In particular, I would like to discuss the role of people's agency in the reshaping of caste in contemporary rural Orissa. It is the aggregate efforts of different groups of people in local situations to constantly redefine the form and meaning of caste that maintains its relevance. I feel this aspect has been neglected in many previous theories, which have tended to consider caste concerns merely in terms of the presence or absence of ‘hierarchy’ or in terms of ‘substantialized’ group formations.
Robert Hart in China: The Significance of his Irish Roots
Authors: O'LEARY RICHARD
Published: August 2006

As Inspector General of the Maritime Customs Service, Robert Hart (1835–1911), born in County Armagh in Ireland, was a chief fiscal administrator of the Chinese Empire. Hart was a British citizen, yet he was employed by the Chinese government and was responsible for hundreds of Western (mostly British) and thousands of Chinese employees. His ability to straddle cultures has been noted by the historians Bruner, Fairbank and Smith who refer to a trait of cultural sensitivity that was unusual among the merchants of the treaty ports in China. The source of this cultural sensitivity is of interest and some insights can be gleaned from his Irish origins. The employment under Hart of many persons from Ireland, family and others, in the Chinese Maritime Customs (CMC) has also raised questions about nepotism and favouritism. We will see that Hart did not only favour his family but was generally well disposed to long-standing acquaintances, whether they were Irish or not. Furthermore, his Irish contacts in both Ireland and China were of advantage to him in his career and his attainment of higher social status. Our examination of Hart's network of Irish contacts and his ideas about Ireland also reveal his multi-national identity. This seemed to allow Hart to be both pro-British while also retaining a critical perspective, as might be expected by someone who by place of birth, social class and religion was not from the heart of the English establishment.
Robert Hart and the Chinese Maritime Customs Service
Authors: VAN DE VEN HANS
Published: August 2006

In September 2003, academics from China, Europe and the USA gathered at Queen's University Belfast. They came first to attend an exhibition and then to present and discuss papers on the career in China of Robert Hart. Largely forgotten in Britain and even Northern Ireland, although not in the academic field of Chinese Studies, Robert Hart was born in County Armagh and studied at Queen's before travelling to Hong Kong in 1854 as a young recruit to the British Consular Service for China and Japan. He soon found himself despatched to the British consulate at Ningbo to study consular procedures and learn Chinese with the aid of a Chinese tutor and one of the Confucian classics, the Mencius. At this time, much of south China was engulfed by the Taiping Rebellion, which was inspired by Christianity.
Sealing the Mouth of Outrage Notes on the Meaning and Intent of Hart's These from the land of Sinim
Authors: KING FRANK H. H.
Published: August 2006

Seal up the mouth of outrage for a while,

Till we can clear these ambiguities,

And know their spring, their head, their true descent…

And let mischance be clove to patience.

–Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet

Sinim. A name…taken by many scholars as meaning China under the name Ts'in, but modern opinion mostly regards it as referring to Syene…

–Couling, Encyclopaedia Sinica (1917)
Robert Hart and China's Statistical Revolution
Authors: EBERHARD-BRÉARD ANDREA
Published: August 2006

In 1890 Robert Hart was elected Honorary Fellow of the Royal Statistical Society. Hart had sent copies of the statistical publications of the Maritime Customs Service regularly to the Society, but he himself was no statistician. He did publish one piece in the Journal of the Statistical Society of London, but this was no more than an extract of a conclusion Hart wrote to reports written by the Commissioners at China's Treaty Ports on local opium consumption. But Hart, as Inspector General of the Maritime Customs Service, bore general responsibility for its publications and involved himself deeply in its statistical projects. H. B. Morse, who would serve as Statistical Secretary, wrote: ‘while weak in the fiscal and economic field, he was a marvel in organisation and the direction of the work of others’. Within the Customs Service, it was the Statistical Secretary who had immediate responsibility for the statistical publications of the Customs. He was stationed in Shanghai, China's busiest port, rather than Beijing, where the Inspectorate had its offices close to the Zongli Yamen, the Qing agency overseeing China's relations with Western countries.
Politics, Power and the Chinese Maritime Customs: the Qing Restoration and the Ascent of Robert Hart
Authors: HOROWITZ RICHARD S.
Published: August 2006

On 6 November 1865, Robert Hart, the 30-year-old Inspector General (I.G.) of the Imperial Maritime Customs Service, presented to his supervisors in the Zongli Yamen, the Qing Empire's new foreign office, a long memorandum critiquing Chinese administrative practices and offering suggestions for improvement. He criticized corruption and inefficiency at all levels of government, called for tax reform, greater specialization and better technical education of officials, improving contacts with the outside world, and promoting foreign methods and technology. The memorandum, written in Chinese, was entitled the ‘Bystander's View’ (juwai pangguan lun). A few months later it was submitted by the Zongli Yamen to the throne, and together with a similar tract by British diplomat Thomas Wade, distributed to senior Qing officials for comment. It had little impact at the time. But forty years later, when the Empress Dowager Cixi reportedly told the author that she wished she had followed his advice, it became a foundation stone of the mythology of Robert Hart, a symbol of the failure of the Qing court to take full advantage of the Portadown native's wisdom. Hart's premise, encapsulated in the title, was that as an outsider to the Qing system he could see problems that insiders could not. ‘The true face of Mount Lu can only be seen in its entirety by one who stands away from it.’ But the memorandum, for all of its notoriety, was uncharacteristic of Hart.
Foreign Devils, Finance and Informal Empire: Britain and China c. 1900–1912
Authors: PHIMISTER IAN
Published: August 2006

‘An imperial policy is essentially a commercial policy’

(Charles Addis, 1905)

‘Look at the way we have swindled the Chinese in the case of the Pekin Syndicate and still worse in the case of the Chinese Engineering and Mining Company’

(G.E. Morrison, 1906)
India's Unfinished Journey Transforming Growth into Development
Authors: NAYYAR DEEPAK
Published: August 2006

This paper situates the economic performance of independent India in historical perspective to evaluate the past and reflect on the future. It shows that the turning point in economic growth was circa 1951 in the long twentieth century and circa 1980 in India since independence. Thus, it is not possible to attribute the turnaround in India's performance to economic liberalization beginning 1991. During the period 1950–1980, economic growth in India was respectable, for it was a radical departure from the past and no worse than the performance of most countries. During the period 1980–2005, economic growth in India was impressive, indeed much better than in most countries. The real failure in both these periods was India's inability to transform this growth into well-being for all its people. And India's unfinished journey in development cannot be complete as long as poverty, deprivation and exclusion persist. Even so, with correctives, it should be possible to reach the destination.
Organum at Notre-Dame in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries: rhetoric in words and music
Authors: GROSS GUILLAUME
Published: August 2006

This article investigates the methods of elaboration used in making organum at the cathedral of Notre-Dame in Paris during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Its aim is to show how and why tripla and quadrupla came to be composed as an expression of their cultural context and to investigate conditions determining the elaboration of these virtuosic pieces destined for the celebration of the greatest feasts in the new cathedral.
An English composer in royal and aristocratic service: Robert Chirbury, c. 1380–1454
Authors: BUCKLE ALEXANDRA
Published: August 2006

Four compositions in the first layer of the Old Hall Manuscript (GB-Lbl, Add. MS 57950) are attributed to R. Chirbury (or R. Chyrbury). This article argues that the Robert Chirbury who ended his days as Dean at the Collegiate Church of St Mary, Warwick was this composer. His career included stints at the Chapel Royal and probably also earlier employment in the London diocese, as well as service in the household of Richard Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick. Moreover, this individual can be differentiated from similarly named men in the Register of the London St Nicholas Fraternity of Parish Clerks, and the assertion that the composer was employed at St George's, Windsor can be discounted.
Liturgical chant bibliography 15
Authors: PAUCKER GÜNTHER MICHAEL
Published: August 2006

Liturgical chant bibliography 15 maintains the previously established subdivisions: (1) Editions and facsimile editions, (2) Books and reprints, (3) Congress reports, (4) Chant journals, (5) Collections of essays and dictionaries, (6) Articles in periodicals and Festschriften. Additions to previous bibliographies, for the most part reviews, precede the current bibliography.
The astrobiological case for renewed robotic and human exploration of the Moon
Authors: Crawford I.A.
Published: August 2006

An ambitious programme of lunar exploration will reveal much of astrobiological interest. Examples include: (i) better characterization of the impact cratering rate in the Earth–Moon system, with implications for understanding the possible ‘impact frustration’ of the origin of life; (ii) preservation of ancient meteorites blasted off Earth, Mars and Venus, which may preserve evidence of the early surface environments of these planets, as well as constraining models of lithopanspermia; (iii) preservation of samples of the Earth's early atmosphere not otherwise available; (iv) preservation of cometary volatiles and organics in permanently shadowed polar craters, which would help elucidate the importance of these sources in ‘seeding’ the terrestrial planets with pre-biotic materials; and (v) possible preservation of extraterrestrial artefacts on the lunar surface, which may permit limits to be placed on the prevalence of technological civilizations in the Galaxy. Much of this valuable information is likely to be buried below the present surface (e.g. in palaeoregolith deposits) and will require a considerable amount of geological fieldwork to retrieve. This would be greatly facilitated by a renewed human presence on the Moon, and may be wholly impractical otherwise. In the longer term, such lunar operations would pave the way for the human exploration of Mars, which may also be expected to yield astrobiological discoveries not otherwise obtainable.
On the possibility of terrestrial planet formation in hot-Jupiter systems
Authors: Fogg Martyn J. , Nelson Richard P.
Published: August 2006

About a fifth of the exoplanetary systems that have been discovered contain a so-called hot-Jupiter – a giant planet orbiting within 0.1 AU of the central star. Since these stars are typically of the F/G spectral type, the orbits of any terrestrial planets in their habitable zones at ~1 AU should be dynamically stable. However, because hot-Jupiters are thought to have formed in the outer regions of a protoplanetary disc, and to have then migrated through the terrestrial planet zone to their final location, it is uncertain whether terrestrial planets can actually grow and be retained in these systems. In this paper we review attempts to answer this question. Initial speculations, based on the assumption that migrating giant planets will clear planet-forming material from their swept zone, all concluded that hot-Jupiter systems should lack terrestrial planets. We show that this assumption may be incorrect, for when terrestrial planet formation and giant planet migration are simulated simultaneously, abundant solid material is predicted to remain from which terrestrial planet growth can resume.