Analisis Rasio Prestasi Manajemen (RPM) Distribusi Air Irigasi pada Subak di DAS Ho
Authors: Rahayu Kori Ardy , Tika I Wayan , Gunadnya Ida Bagus Putu 
Published: October 2023

Abstrak

Irigasi didefinisikan sebagai sarana dalam memanfaatkan sumber daya air. Di Bali, pengelolaan irigasi dilakukan dengan membentuk organisasi bernama subak. Salah satu ciri subak adalah anggotanya memiliki satu sumber air yang sama dan mendapat pembagian air dari sumber tersebut secara adil. Pengaturan diperlukan dalam membagi dan mendistribusi air irigasi, agar jumlah air yang diberikan sesuai kebutuhan tanaman. Tingkat pemberian air irigasi masih belum sesuai di masing-masing subak, sehingga diperlukan evaluasi kinerja irigasi menggunakan analisis RPM. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sebaran nilai RPM dan strategi distribusi air irigasi pada subak. Analisis RPM dilakukan dengan mengukur debit tersedia, menggunakan pendekatan analisis data kuatitatif, dan dengan menghitung kebutuhan air irigasi menggunakan data rata-rata klimatologi 10 tahun terakhir periode 2012 – 2021 yang diperoleh dari BMKG Wilayah III Denpasar serta data hasil wawancara dengan pekaseh. Hasil analisis menunjukan kinerja irigasi katagori “baik” didominasi oleh subak pada DI Aya dengan sebaran nilai RPM 0,77 – 1,19; sedangkan katagori “sangat kurang” didominasi oleh subak pada DI Gadungan Lambuk dengan sebaran nilai RPM 0,00 – 0,36. Saat musim kemarau, semakin ke hilir menghasilkan kinerja jaringan irigasi “sangat kurang”. Supaya kinerja irigasi selalu dalam katagori “baik”, maka strategi distribusi air irigasi pada subak di DAS Ho dapat dilakukan dengan pergiliran pemberian air irigasi dan perbaikan jaringan irigasi yang bermasalah.

Abstract

Irrigation is defined as a means of utilizing water resources. In Bali, irrigation management in agriculture is carried out by forming an organization called Subak. One of the characteristics of subak is that its members have the same water source and receive a fair distribution of water from that source. Regulation is very necessary for dividing and distributing irrigation water so that the amount of water given to the land is in accordance with the needs needed by the plant. However, the level provision of water irrigation is still not appropriate for each subak. Thus, it is necessary to evaluate the performance of irrigation networks using MPR analysis. MPR analysis was carried out by measuring the available debit, using a qualitative data analysis approach, and by calculating irrigation water needed, using the average climatological data for the last ten years, from 2012 - 2021, obtain from BMKG Region III Denpasar and data from interview pekaseh. The results of the analysis show that irrigation performance with the good category is dominated by subak in DI Aya, with a distribution of MPR values of 0,77 – 1,19. Meanwhile, the very less category is dominated by subak in DI Gadungan Lambuk, with a distribution MPR values of 0,00 – 0,36. During the dry season, further downstream, the performance irrigation network is getting less and less. In order for irrigation performance to always be in a good category, the irrigation water distribution strategy for subtasks in DAS Ho can be carried out by rotating the distribution of irrigation water. If it doesn’t work, it is necessary to repair the problematic irrigation networks.