bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Automatic Reclaimed Wafer Classification Using Deep Learning Neural Networks
Authors: Shih Po-Chou , Hsu Chun-Chin , Tien Fang-Chih
Published: May 2020

Silicon wafer is the most crucial material in the semiconductor manufacturing industry. Owing to limited resources, the reclamation of monitor and dummy wafers for reuse can dramatically lower the cost, and become a competitive edge in this industry. However, defects such as void, scratches, particles, and contamination are found on the surfaces of the reclaimed wafers. Most of the reclaimed wafers with the asymmetric distribution of the defects, known as the “good (G)” reclaimed wafers, can be re-polished if their defects are not irreversible and if their thicknesses are sufficient for re-polishing. Currently, the “no good (NG)” reclaimed wafers must be first screened by experienced human inspectors to determine their re-usability through defect mapping. This screening task is tedious, time-consuming, and unreliable. This study presents a deep-learning-based reclaimed wafers defect classification approach. Three neural networks, multilayer perceptron (MLP), convolutional neural network (CNN) and Residual Network (ResNet), are adopted and compared for classification. These networks analyze the pattern of defect mapping and determine not only the reclaimed wafers are suitable for re-polishing but also where the defect categories belong. The open source TensorFlow library was used to train the MLP, CNN, and ResNet networks using collected wafer images as input data. Based on the experimental results, we found that the system applying CNN networks with a proper design of kernels and structures gave fast and superior performance in identifying defective wafers owing to its deep learning capability, and the ResNet averagely exhibited excellent accuracy, while the large-scale MLP networks also acquired good results with proper network structures.
What Experts Appreciate in Patterns: Art Expertise Modulates Preference for Asymmetric and Face-Like Patterns
Authors: Gartus Andreas , Völker Mark , Leder Helmut
Published: May 2020

This study set out to investigate whether and how aesthetic evaluations of different types of symmetric, as well as abstract vs. representational patterns are modulated by art expertise. To this end, we utilized abstract asymmetric, symmetric, and “broken” patterns slightly deviating from symmetry, as well as more representational patterns resembling faces (also symmetric or broken). While it has already been shown that symmetry preference decreases with art expertise, it was still unclear whether an already established relationship between art expertise and preference for abstract over representational art can be similarly found as a preference for abstract over representational patterns, as these are non-art objects. Nevertheless, we found profound differences in aesthetic preferences between art experts and laypersons. While art experts rated asymmetric patterns higher than laypersons, as expected, they rated face-like patterns lower than laypersons. Also, laypersons rated all other types of patterns higher than asymmetric patterns, while art experts rated the other patterns similar or lower than asymmetric patterns. We found this both for liking and for interest ratings. As no differences between art experts and laypersons were found regarding memory recognition of new and old patterns, this effect is not likely due to differences in memory performance. In sum, this study further extends our knowledge about the influence of art expertise on aesthetic appreciation.
Improving the Accuracy of Tesseract 4.0 OCR Engine Using Convolution-Based Preprocessing
Authors: Sporici Dan , Cușnir Elena , Boiangiu Costin-Anton
Published: May 2020

Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is the process of identifying and converting texts rendered in images using pixels to a more computer-friendly representation. The presented work aims to prove that the accuracy of the Tesseract 4.0 OCR engine can be further enhanced by employing convolution-based preprocessing using specific kernels. As Tesseract 4.0 has proven great performance when evaluated against a favorable input, its capability of properly detecting and identifying characters in more realistic, unfriendly images is questioned. The article proposes an adaptive image preprocessing step guided by a reinforcement learning model, which attempts to minimize the edit distance between the recognized text and the ground truth. It is shown that this approach can boost the character-level accuracy of Tesseract 4.0 from 0.134 to 0.616 (+359% relative change) and the F1 score from 0.163 to 0.729 (+347% relative change) on a dataset that is considered challenging by its authors.
Oscillation Criteria for First Order Differential Equations with Non-Monotone Delays
Authors: Attia Emad R. , El-Morshedy Hassan A. , Stavroulakis Ioannis P.
Published: May 2020

New sufficient criteria are obtained for the oscillation of a non-autonomous first order differential equation with non-monotone delays. Both recursive and lower-upper limit types criteria are given. The obtained results improve most recent published results. An example is given to illustrate the applicability and strength of our results.
Canonical Description for Formulation of Embedding Gravity as a Field Theory in a Flat Spacetime
Authors: Paston Sergey , Semenova Elizaveta , Sheykin Anton
Published: May 2020

We consider the approach to gravity in which four-dimensional curved spacetime is represented by a surface in a flat Minkowski space of higher dimension. After a short overview of the ideas and results of such an approach we concentrate on the study of the so-called splitting gravity, a form of this description in which constant value surface of a set of scalar fields in the ambient flat space-time defines the embedded surface. We construct a form of action which is invariant w.r.t. all symmetries of this theory. We construct the canonical formalism for splitting gravity. The resulting theory turns out to be free of constraints. However, the Hamiltonian of this theory is an implicit function of canonical variables. Finally, we discuss the path integral quantization of such a theory.
Intramuscular Neural Distribution of Rhomboid Muscles: Evaluation for Botulinum Toxin Injection Using Modified Sihler’s Method
Authors: Yi Kyu-Ho , Lee Hyung-Jin , Choi You-Jin , Lee Ji-Hyun , Hu Kyung-Seok , Kim Hee-Jin
Published: May 2020

This study describes the nerve entry point and intramuscular nerve branching of the rhomboid major and minor, providing essential information for improved performance of botulinum toxin injections and electromyography. A modified Sihler method was performed on the rhomboid major and minor muscles (10 specimens each). The nerve entry point and intramuscular arborization areas were identified in terms of the spinous processes and medial and lateral angles of the scapula. The nerve entry point for both the rhomboid major and minor was found in the middle muscular area between levels C7 and T1. The intramuscular neural distribution for the rhomboid minor had the largest arborization patterns in the medial and lateral sections between levels C7 and T1. The rhomboid major muscle had the largest arborization area in the middle section between levels T1 and T5. In conclusion, botulinum neurotoxin injection and electromyography should be administered in the medial and lateral sections of C7−T1 for the rhomboid minor and the middle section of T1−T7 for the rhomboid major. Injections in the middle section of C7−T1 should also be avoided to prevent mechanical injury to the nerve trunk. Clinicians can administer safe and effective treatments with botulinum toxin injections and other types of injections by following the methods in our study.
Questions and Concerns Re: Blue Water Footprints Reported in “Water Footprint of Meat Analogs: Selected Indicators According to Life Cycle Assessment”
Authors: Santo Raychel E. , Kim Brent F. , Nachman Keeve E.
Published: May 2020

The article “Water Footprint of Meat Analogs: Selected Indicators According to Life Cycle Assessment,” Water 2019 11: 728 by Fresán et al. analyzes the water footprints (WFs) of 39 meat analogs and their associated eutrophication and ecotoxicity potential. We have several questions and concerns about the WFs presented in this study, which in some cases are an order of magnitude larger than those reported for similar products in other published works. Additionally, at least some of the WFs of other meat analogs and conventional meats—to which the authors compare their results—appear to misrepresent the cited literature. We encourage the authors to provide clarification on how the WF values for meat analogs are so much higher than those reported in other studies and to verify the comparison values reported from other sources.
Improvement of Non-Hydrostatic Hydrodynamic Solution Using a Novel Free-Surface Boundary Condition
Authors: Cunha Augusto Hugo Farias , Fragoso Carlos Ruberto , Chalegre Cayo Lopes Bezerra , Motta-Marques David
Published: May 2020

Hydrodynamic models based on the RANS equation are well-established tools to simulate three-dimensional free surface flows in large aquatic ecosystems. However, when the ratio of vertical to horizontal motion scales is not small, a non-hydrostatic approximation is needed to represent these processes accurately. Increasing efforts have been made to improve the efficiency of non-hydrostatic hydrodynamic models, but these improvements require higher implementation and computational costs. In this paper, we proposed a novel free-surface boundary condition based on a fictional sublayer at the free-surface (FSFS). We applied the FSFS approach at a finite difference numerical discretization with a fractional step framework, which uses a Neumann type of boundary condition to apply a hydrostatic relation in the top layer. To evaluate the model performance, we compared the Classic Boundary Condition Approach (CBA) and the FSFS approach using two numerical experiments. The experiments tested the model’s phase error, capability in solving wave celerity and simulate non-linear wave propagation under different vertical resolution scenarios. Our results showed that the FSFS approach had a lower phase error (2 to 5 times smaller) than CBA with a little additional computational cost (ca. 7% higher). Moreover, it can better represent wave celerity and frequency dispersion with 2 times fewer layers and low mean computational cost (CBA δ t = 2.62 s and FSFS δ t = 1.22 s).
Wastewater Reclamation in Major Jordanian Industries: A Viable Component of a Circular Economy
Authors: Saidan Motasem N. , Al-Addous Mohammad , Al-Weshah Radwan A. , Obada Ibrahim , Alkasrawi Malek , Barbana Nesrine
Published: May 2020

Water scarcity remains the major looming challenge that is facing Jordan. Wastewater reclamation is considered as an alternative source of fresh water in semi-arid areas with water shortage or increased consumption. In the present study, the current status of wastewater reclamation and reuse in Jordan was analyzed considering 30 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The assessment was based on the WWWTPs’ treatment processes in Jordan, the flowrates scale, and the effluents’ average total dissolved solid (TDS) contents. Accordingly, 60% of the WWTPs in Jordan used activated sludge as a treatment technology; 30 WWTPs were small scale (<1 × 104 m3/day); and a total of 17.932 million m3 treated wastewater had low TDS (<1000 ppm) that generally can be used in industries with relatively minimal cost of treatment. Moreover, the analysis classified the 26 million m3 groundwater abstraction by major industries in Jordanian governorates. The results showed that the reclaimed wastewater can fully offset the industrial demand of fresh water in Amman, Zarqa, and Aqaba governorates. Hence, the environmental assessment showed positive impacts of reclaimed wastewater reuse scenario in terms of water depletion (saving of 72.55 million m3 groundwater per year) and climate change (17.683 million kg CO2Eq reduction). The energy recovery assessment in the small- and medium-scale WWTPs (<10 × 104 m3/day) revealed that generation of electricity by anaerobic sludge digestion equates potentially to an offset of 0.11–0.53 kWh/m3. Finally, several barriers and prospects were put forth to help the stakeholders when considering entering into an agreement to supply and/or reuse reclaimed water.
Evaluation of a Distributed Streamflow Forecast Model at Multiple Watershed Scales
Authors: Madsen Tyler , Franz Kristie , Hogue Terri
Published: May 2020

Demand for reliable estimates of streamflow has increased as society becomes more susceptible to climatic extremes such as droughts and flooding, especially at small scales where local population centers and infrastructure can be affected by rapidly occurring events. In the current study, the Hydrology Laboratory-Research Distributed Hydrologic Model (HL-RDHM) (NOAA/NWS, Silver Spring, MD, USA) was used to explore the accuracy of a distributed hydrologic model to simulate discharge at watershed scales ranging from 20 to 2500 km2. The model was calibrated and validated using observed discharge data at the basin outlets, and discharge at uncalibrated subbasin locations was evaluated. Two precipitation products with nominal spatial resolutions of 12.5 km and 4 km were tested to characterize the role of input resolution on the discharge simulations. In general, model performance decreased as basin size decreased. When sub-basin area was less than 250 km2 or 20–40% of the total watershed area, model performance dropped below the defined acceptable levels. Simulations forced with the lower resolution precipitation product had better model evaluation statistics; for example, the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) scores ranged from 0.50 to 0.67 for the verification period for basin outlets, compared to scores that ranged from 0.33 to 0.52 for the higher spatial resolution forcing.
A Coupled Hydrologic–Hydraulic Model (XAJ–HiPIMS) for Flood Simulation
Authors: Wang Yueling , Yang Xiaoliu
Published: May 2020

To protect ecologies and the environment by preventing floods, analysis of the impact of climate change on water requires a tool capable of considering the rainfall-runoff processes on a small scale, for example, 10 m. As has been shown previously, hydrologic models are good at simulating rainfall-runoff processes on a large scale, e.g., over several hundred km2, while hydraulic models are more advantageous for applications on smaller scales. In order to take advantages of these two types of models, this paper coupled a hydrologic model, the Xinanjing model (XAJ), with a hydraulic model, the Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)-accelerated high-performance integrated hydraulic modelling system (HiPIMS). The study was completed in the Misai basin (797 km2), located in Zhejiang Province, China. The coupled XAJ–HiPIMS model was validated against observed flood events. The simulated results agree well with the data observed at the basin outlet. The study proves that a coupled hydrologic and hydraulic model is capable of providing flood information on a small scale for a large basin and shows the potential of the research.
Evaluation of an Inexpensive Handwashing and Water Treatment Program in Rural Health Care Facilities in Three Districts in Tanzania, 2017
Authors: Davis William , Massa Khalid , Kiberiti Stephen , Mnzava Hosea , Venczel Linda , Quick Robert
Published: May 2020

Unsafe water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) conditions in healthcare facilities (HCFs) can increase the risk of disease transmission, yet WASH coverage is inadequate in HCFs in most low- and middle-income countries. In September 2017, we conducted a baseline survey of WASH coverage in 100 HCFs in three rural Tanzanian districts. Based on needs calculated from the baseline, we distributed handwashing and drinking water stations, soap, and chlorine solution; we repeated the survey 10 months later. The intervention improved coverage with handwashing stations (82% vs. 100%, p < 0.0001), handwashing stations with water (59% vs. 96%, p < 0.0001), handwashing stations with soap and water (19% vs. 46%, p < 0.0001), and handwashing stations with soap and water within 5 m of latrines (26% vs. 53%, p < 0.0001). Coverage of drinking water stations increased from 34% to 100% (p < 0.0001) HCFs with at least one drinking water station with free chlorine residual (FCR) > 0.2mg/ml increased from 6% to 36% (p < 0.0001), and in a sample of HCFs, detectable E. coli in stored drinking water samples decreased from 46% to 5% (p < 0.001). Although the program increased access to handwashing stations, drinking water stations, and safe drinking water in HCFs in rural Tanzania, modest increases in soap availability and water treatment highlighted persistent challenges.
Sources of Salinization of Groundwater in the Lower Yarmouk Gorge, East of the River Jordan
Authors: Möller Peter , De Lucia Marco , Rosenthal Eliahu , Inbar Nimrod , Salameh Elias , Magri Fabien , Siebert Christian
Published: May 2020

In the Lower Yarmouk Gorge the chemical composition of regional, fresh to brackish, mostly thermal groundwater reveals a zonation in respect to salinization and geochemical evolution, which is seemingly controlled by the Lower Yarmouk fault (LYF) but does not strictly follow the morphological Yarmouk Gorge. South of LYF, the artesian Mukeihbeh well field region produces in its central segment groundwaters, an almost pure basaltic-rock type with a low contribution (<0.3 vol-%) of Tertiary brine, hosted in deep Cretaceous and Jurassic formations. Further distal, the contribution of limestone water increases, originating from the Ajloun Mountains in the South. North of the LYF, the Mezar wells, the springs of Hammat Gader and Ain Himma produce dominantly limestone water, which contains 0.14–3 vol-% of the Tertiary brine, and hence possesses variable salinity. The total dissolved equivalents, TDE, of solutes gained by water/rock interaction (WRI) and mixing with brine, TDEWRI+brine, amount to 10–70% of total salinity in the region comprising the Mukheibeh field, Ain Himma and Mezar 3 well; 55–70% in the springs of Hammat Gader; and 80–90% in wells Mezar 1 and 2. The type of salinization indicates that the Lower Yarmouk fault seemingly acts as the divide between the Ajloun and the Golan Heights-dominated groundwaters.
Systolic inter-arm blood pressure difference and risk of cognitive decline in older people: a cohort study
Authors: Clark Christopher E , Thomas Daniel , Llewellyn David J , Ferrucci Luigi , Bandinelli Stefania , Campbell John L
Published: May 2020

Background

Systolic inter-arm difference in blood pressure (IAD) and cognitive decline are both associated with cardiovascular disease; therefore, it was hypothesised that IAD may be predictive of cognitive decline.

Aim

To examine associations of IAD with cognitive decline in a community population.

Design and setting

A prospective study of older Italian adults enrolled in the InCHIANTI study.

Method

Univariable and multivariable associations of IAD were explored with declines in mini mental state examination (MMSE) scores, Trail Making Test A and B scores, and a composite outcome representing substantial decline in any of these scores. Backward stepwise regression was used to adjust observed associations of IAD with cognitive decline.

Results

The rate of decline for MMSE scores in 1133 participants was greater with IAD ≥5 mmHg or ≥10 mmHg. On univariable analyses continuous IAD was associated with the composite outcome (odds ratio [OR] 1.16 per 5 mmHg of IAD, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.02 to 1.31). Substantial decline in MMSE score was seen with IAD ≥5 mmHg (OR 1.41, 95% CI = 1.03 to 1.93), and in the composite outcome with IAD ≥5 mmHg (OR 1.44, 95% CI = 1.10 to 1.89) or ≥10 mmHg (OR 1.39, 95% CI = 1.03 to 1.88). After multivariable adjustment, an IAD ≥ 5 mmHg remained associated with reductions in the composite outcome, reflecting declining cognitive performance (OR 1.46, 95% CI = 1.05 to 2.03).

Conclusion

An IAD ≥5 mmHg is associated with cognitive decline in a representative older population. Given that systolic inter-arm differences in blood pressure are easily measured, confirmation of these findings could inform individualised treatment for the prevention of cognitive decline and dementia.
Improving access to organ donor registration in general practice: a feasibility study
Authors: Penn-Jones Catrin P , Papadopoulos Chris , Randhawa Gurch , Asghar Zeeshan
Published: May 2020

Background

Organ donor registration helps guide decision making for families. UK general practice provides the facility to register on the NHS Organ Donor Register, but only to new patients. An intervention was developed to present a registration opportunity to existing patients in this setting.

Aim

To assess the feasibility and acceptability of an organ donation intervention implemented in UK general practice.

Design and setting

The intervention ran in a large practice in Luton in the UK, for 3 months in 2018. A single practice feasibility study was conducted using an embedded experimental mixed methods design.

Method

Staff were trained to ask patients in consultations if they wished to join the register, and leaflets and posters were displayed in the waiting room. Data on feasibility and acceptability were captured using SystmONE questionnaires, surveys, and focus groups.

Results

Over 3 months, in 12.4% of face-to-face consultations, patients were asked if they would like to join the register (812 of 6569), and 244 (30.0%) of these patients joined the register. Common reasons staff did not ask patients were due to telephone consultations, lack of time, and it not being appropriate. Nurses and healthcare assistants performed prompted choice more than doctors (23.4%, 17.1%, and 1.6% respectively). Certain clinic types, such as phlebotomy or routine clinics, facilitated asking compared to those where patients presented with unknown or more serious issues.

Conclusion

The intervention was found to be feasible and acceptable by some staff and patients. Feasibility criteria were met; therefore, the intervention can progress to further testing.
O protagonismo juvenil como forma de reaproximar o adolescente da leitura
Authors: Siqueira Thais Batista
Published: May 2020

O objetivo deste artigo é investigar se a promoção do protagonismo juvenil reaproxima os adolescentes dos anos finais do ensino Fundamental 2 (8º e 9º anos) das práticas de leitura. Privilegia-se os estudantes 8ºs e 9ºs anos pelo fato de ser esta a faixa etária na qual as pesquisas Retratos da Leitura no Brasil mostram queda no gosto pela leitura. Adotamos como referencial teórico os trabalhos de Calligaris (2013), Becker (2003), Petit (2013) e Butlen (2015) e os dados produzidos pela série de pesquisas acima mencionada. Analisamos ainda entrevista e produção textual de um adolescente de 9º ano, obtidas em trabalho de campo realizado em sala de leitura de uma escola municipal da cidade de São Paulo, utilizando a abordagem qualitativa (estudo de caso).
O literário e seus sentidos em meio digital: uma proposta intermidiática de leitura
Authors: Carmo Valéria Rocha Aveiro do
Published: May 2020

Este estudo pretende refletir sobre os efeitos de sentido, senso estético e capacidades leitoras a partir da recepção dos contos de fada “À procura de um reflexo”, do livro Doze reis e a moça do labirinto do vento (1978) de Marina Colasanti, e “O aniversário da infanta”, da obra The happy prince and other fairy tales (1888), de Oscar Wilde. A linguagem literária será oferecida a seis turmas de 6º ano do Ensino Fundamental, por meio de diferentes suportes, incluindo a ferramenta digital discutida neste artigo. O que se aspira é apreender o impacto da compreensão e gosto pelo texto literário, por estudantes, no contexto da modernidade líquida, ao alocar as histórias em um suporte que favoreça a integração entre linguagens. O material a ser utilizado foi organizado no sway, ferramenta do Office para apresentações online que, além de acessível aos professores em geral, possui capacidades interativas e hipermidiáticas.
Perspectiva dialógica de educação e de leitura: algumas reflexões
Authors: Almeida Maria de Fátima Xavier da Anunciação de
Published: May 2020

Neste trabalho realizamos uma reflexão teórica para pensarmos nas ressonâncias trazidas pelas teorias de educação e de leitura que fossem bases à prática educativa do/a professor/a de português. Apropriamo-nos dos referenciais de educação de Paulo Freire e do pensamento filosófico-linguístico de M. Bakhtin e de pensadores de seu Círculo linguístico, uma vez que o/a professor/a de português, no continum de sua formação, necessita se apropriar de teorias de educação, linguagem e de leitura para fundamentar a sua prática docente. Isso significa dizer que em toda prática educativa há um posicionamento político, pois não existe prática educativa neutra, apolítica. Demonstramos a nossa tese apresentando os fundamentos de educação de Paulo Freire e de leitura (linguagem) de M. Bakhtin. A dialogicidade, para Freire, é a essência da educação como prática da liberdade, da educação problematizadora. Desse modo, o diálogo é um fenômeno humano, que se configura na palavra, sendo essa um meio para que o realize. Já Bakhtin teoriza a leitura como compreensão responsiva, por isso, ativa, do tema da enunciação, ou seja, no ato de ler – compreender/construir sentidos - o leitor necessita compreender os sentidos completos, únicos da enunciação dentro do contexto de sua produção.
O romantismo brasileiro em foco: análise das representações de educação literária no manual didático “Português Contemporâneo: Diálogo, Reflexão e Uso”
Authors: Pires Jaine Neves , Santos Oton Magno Santana dos
Published: May 2020

O presente trabalho se constitui como uma pesquisa bibliográfica a fim de investigar como os conteúdos das representações presente no manual didático Português Contemporâneo: diálogo, reflexão e uso, da segunda série do ensino médio sugerem formas de apropriação da temática “Romantismo brasileiro”, a partir de modelos de educação literária indicados aos professores e aos estudantes de uma escola pública estadual do ensino médio de Brumado (BA). Dessa feita, iniciamos o processo de análise com base em conceitos de educação literária, livro didático e escolarização da literatura, proposto por autores como Roxane Rojo, Maria José Coracini, Rildo Cosson, Célia Cassiano e Cyana Lahy-Dios, entre outros. A partir da História cultural de Roger Chartier, sustentamos o referencial teórico deste artigo com os conceitos de representação e apropriação. A coleta de dados compreenderá a análise e interpretação dos dados encontrados na investigação.
Livros de literatura nas escolas: o que dizem as pesquisas sobre os acervos literários do Programa Nacional Biblioteca da Escola (PNBE)?
Authors: Corrêa Carlos Humberto Alves , Lemos Aline do Nascimento
Published: May 2020

Este trabalho se debruça sobre o que dizem as pesquisas que versam sobre os acervos de literatura infantil do Programa Nacional Biblioteca da Escola (PNBE). Para tanto, apresentamos um mapeamento geral das pesquisas realizadas sobre o referido acervo no período de 2004 a 2016. Em seguida, analisamos os estudos que abordaram, especificamente, a fase de recepção e utilização dos livros desse acervo literário. Em termos metodológicos, nosso trabalho resulta de um levantamento bibliográfico realizado em bancos de dados que disponibilizam a produção acadêmica brasileira. O esquema interpretativo sugerido por Chartier (1990) serviu de aporte teórico de análise. Os dados levantados permitem afirmar que as pesquisas atestam relativa eficiência do Programa em termos de seleção e distribuição dos acervos literários às escolas públicas e um relativo fracasso nas suas ações para tornar efetiva a utilização desses acervos no cotidiano das escolas.
Políticas e programas de formação continuada no Brasil: condução de práticas de leitura e escrita nas salas de alfabetização
Authors: Guedes Rodrigo da Silva
Published: May 2020

O presente texto traça uma linha histórica das Políticas e Programas de Formação Continuada para professores alfabetizadores a partir da década de 80. Objetiva identificar os programas e as marcas didáticas que são indicadas para as práticas escolares, sobretudo, as táticas relacionadas à leitura e escrita, muito presentes no fazer dos professores alfabetizadores. Com o advento do Construtivismo na década de 80; a “Década da Alfabetização” e os programas de formação continuada para professores alfabetizadores: PCN’s em Ação, PRALER, TRILHAS, PROFA, Letra e Vida, Ler e Escrever, Pró-Letramento, Pacto Nacional pela Alfabetização na Idade Certa, pudemos observar um direcionamento didático acerca das práticas realizadas pelos professores acerca da leitura e escrita em nosso país.
The effect of a care plan based on the Roy adaptation model on general health in hemodialysis patients; a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Nobahar Monir , Saffari Mohadese , Babamohamadi Hassan , Sotodehasl Nemat , Mirmohammadkhani Majid
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Evidence suggests that end-stage renal disease (ESRD) significantly affects general health in the patients, causing their general health to be poorer compared to the general population. The Roy adaptation model (RAM) is the best one for ESRD patients. Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the effect of a RAM-based care plan on general health in hemodialysis patients. Patients and Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial conducted on 60 hemodialysis patients in Iran. The data collected using a demographic questionnaire and the general health questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28). In the intervention group, the Roy assessment form was completed and the RAM-based care plan was then trained in four group sessions over 4 weeks. Individual sessions were also held if required and patients followed-up for 2 weeks. The control group received only routine care. At the end of the follow-up, general health was re-assessed in the patients. The findings were analysed using t test, the chi-square test and the McNemar test. Results: Despite observing no significant differences between the two groups in terms of general health levels before the intervention (P=0.530), the difference was significant after the intervention (P=0.028), since the mean score of general health decreased by 4.07 in the intervention group compared to before the intervention (P=0.003). The intervention significantly affected the subscales of somatic symptoms (P=0.013), anxiety and insomnia (P=0.006), social dysfunction (P=0.016) and depression (P=0.031). Conclusion: The findings suggested the positive effects of using the RAM on general health in hemodialysis patients. The RAM is therefore recommended that be used as a holistic care approach to improving general health in these patients
Evaluation of colistin nephrotoxicity and urinary level of kidney injury molecule-1 in hospitalized adult ICU patients
Authors: Vazin Afsaneh , Malek Maryam , Karimzadeh Iman
Published: May 2020

Introduction: Colistin is a cationic polypeptide antibiotic used for treatment of gram-negative infections. Nephrotoxicity is one of the most common adverse effects of colistin. Objectives: To determine the epidemiology of colistin nephrotoxicity and also to compare the changing pattern of kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) in urine with serum creatinine and urine during the treatment with colistin in patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU). Patients and Methods: During 13 months, all patients admitted to adult ICUs of two university hospitals without any documented history of acute or chronic kidney diseases receiving at least one week of colistin were included. Required demographic, clinical, and paraclinical data of the study population was collected. Urinary and serum levels of creatinine, urea, sodium, potassium, magnesium, and KIM-1 were measured at six time points including days zero, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14 of colistin treatment. Results: Six patients (18.18%) developed nephrotoxicity during colistin treatment. Nephrotoxicity was resolved without any intervention in three individuals. None of studied demographic, clinical and laboratory characteristics of the patients had a significant association with the incidence of colistin nephrotoxicity. The pattern of KIM-1 urine level during the course of colistin treatment did not differ significantly among patients with and without nephrotoxicity. The accuracy of KIM-1 urine level in detecting colistin nephrotoxicity was significantly lower than that of serum creatinine on days 0th, 3rd, 5th and 7th. Conclusion: Nephrotoxicity of colistin is a common complication, usually reversible, KIM-1 was not more accurate than serum creatinine or urine in detecting nephrotoxicity of colistin.
Detection of a Pack-Photon: A Theoretical Analysis
Authors: Jessii Prince
Published: May 2020

The Observational prove which will result in the final acceptance of the Theory of Everything is the detection/discovery of a pack photon. In this paper, an analysis on the nature and existence of a pack-photon is described, this includes major characteristics and properties. A clue which will help certain organizations with telescopes/photon detectors at the outer space to detect a pack photon is also explained in this paper.
A STUDY OF COMPARING CONCEPTUAL AND PERFORMANCE OF K-MEANS AND FUZZY C MEANS ALGORITHMS (CLUSTERING METHOD OF DATA MINING) OF CONSUMER SEGMENTATION
Authors: Sinambela Yunita , Herman Sukrina , Takwim Ahsani , Widianto Septian Rheno
Published: May 2020

Consumers an important asset in a company that should be maintained properly especially potential customers. Tight competition requires companies to focus on the needs of the customer wants. Consumer segmentation is one of the processes carried out in the marketing strategy. To support the grouping process results consumers or consumer segmentation data mining is the support of a very important role. Based on mapping studies on data mining in support of consumer segmentation obtained two algorithms are often used for consumer segmentation include a K-Means Clustering and Fuzzy C-Means clustering. The attributes used for mining in customer segmentation processes are customer data, products, demographics, consumer behavior, transactions, RFMDC, RFM (Recency, Frequency Monetary) and LTV (Life Time Value). And it is important to combine the clustering algorithm to algorithm Classification, Association, and CPV to get the potential value of each cluster.
DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM FOR EMPLOYEE EMPLOYMENT REMAINS USING PROFILE MATCHING METHOD IN PT. HYPER MEGA SHIPPING
Authors: Agustin Frasstio , Setiawan Santoso
Published: May 2020

The company is a place of production, where humans function as a driving force and executor to realize the company's goals that have been set previously. Every employee in a company must always try to improve their abilities and achievements. So he can get a good career path according to his dream. To facilitate the implementation of the permanent employee appointment process of each employee, a decision support system is created which aims to facilitate the process. One of the methods used in making decisions on the appointment of permanent employees is Profile Matching. The decision support system for the Profile Matching and gap analysis process is based on data at PT. Hyper Mega Shipping, Profile Matching Method is carried out to determine the appointment of permanent employees based on two aspects, namely Performance and Work Culture. The results of the selection process in the form of a final employee score as a recommendation for decision-makers to determine which employees will get the promotion of permanent employee appointments.
MENSAJE DEL PRESIDENTE DE LA SOMEFI
Authors: Cruz-Izquierdo Serafín
Published: May 2020

Estimados colegas y amigos:Es un honor presentar el número 3 del Volumen 39 de la Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana (RFM), en el que se publican las notas científicas que aprobaron el proceso editorial de la Revista, y que fueron propuestas por la comunidad científica en el marco del XXVI Congreso Nacional y VI Internacional de Fitogenética, organizado por la Sociedad Mexicana de Fitogenética A.C. (SOMEFI) con el apoyo entusiasta de la Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco (UJAT), y que se llevará a cabo del 23 al 30 de septiembre en la Cd. de Villahermosa, Tabasco, México.
Oder Nehri Havzası’nda Yaşayanları Tehdit Eden Beşeri ve Doğal Faktörler
Authors: ŞAHBAZ Hüseyin
Published: May 2020

Çalışmada araştırma sahası olarak Orta Avrupa’nın önemli akarsularından birisi olan Oder Nehri’nin havza alanı seçilmiştir. Oder Nehri, Vistül’den sonra Polonya’nın en uzun ikinci akarsuyudur. 118.861 km²’lik bir drenaj alanına sahip olan Oder; Polonya, Çekya ve Almanya’nın paylaştığı sınıraşan bir nehir havzasıdır. Aynı zamanda Oder Nehri, inşa edilen kanallar aracılığıyla büyük sanayi ve ticaret bölgeleri arasındaki ulaşımı sağlayan önemli bir suyoludur. Bu araştırmanın amacı, Oder Nehri Havzası’nda yaşayanları tehdit eden beşeri ve doğal faktörlerin neler olduğunu belirlemektir. Araştırma kapsamında literatür taraması yapılarak konuyla ilgili veriler temin edilmiştir. Metin analizi yöntemiyle gözden geçirilen bu verilerden şu sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır: Tarım arazilerini ve kırsal yerleşmeleri sel ve taşkınlardan korumak amacıyla bu nehrin kolları üzerinde acil depolama yapıları inşa edilmiştir. Ancak bu yapıların hacimleri, büyük sellerle gelen suları depolayacak kapasitede değildir. Bu yüzden meydana gelen büyük sellerde nehrin yukarısındaki rezervuarlardan büyük miktarlarda su bırakılmakta ve bu da ekonomik kayıplara sebep olmaktadır. Ayrıca yoğun sanayileşmiş bölgelerden ve maden sahalarından geçmesi nedeniyle Oder’in suları, ağır metal kirliliğinin de tehdidi altındadır. Havzada yaşanan ve gelecekte daha da etkili olması beklenen bir diğer sorun da, küresel ısınmadır. Nitekim iklim değişikliğine bağlı olarak havzada kuraklığın gittikçe artması ve sıcaklık artışına bağlı olarak Oder’in haliç bölgesindeki su kalitesinde birtakım değişimlerin olması beklenmektedir. Bunlardan başka Polonya ve Almanya arasındaki tarihsel süreç, Oder Havzası sakinlerini tehdit etme potansiyeline sahip bir başka konudur. Nitekim geçmişte yaşanan iki dünya savaşından yenik çıkan Almanya, bu harplerde asırlardır aralarında ihtilafa konu olan ve Oder Havzası’nı da içine alan toprakları, Polonya’ya bırakmak zorunda kalmıştır.
Sinfonía del Nuevo Mundo: el modelaje espacio-temporal de HGIS de las Indias, una infraestructura SIG para la América hispana borbónica
Authors: Stangl Werner , Stangl Paul
Published: May 2020

Este artículo aborda las dificultades básicas del modelado de una infraestructura SIG para la historia de la Hispanoamérica borbónica, donde se busca reconstruir una docena de “niveles” territoriales y el desarrollo de poblaciones dentro de América. El trabajo pretende incluir la región comprendida desde California y Luisiana hasta la Patagonia, para un período de 108 años (1701-1808). Por la multiplicidad de incertidumbres en diferentes aspectos (espaciales, temporales, cualitativos), resulta particularmente difícil diseñar un modelo de las entidades territoriales y su cambio a través del tiempo. Se explica cómo hemos intentado aislar diferentes tipos de incertidumbres, creando cronologías parciales en lugares incluidos dentro de la base de datos. Concretamente, analizaremos la forma como fueron ensambladas las diferentes partes y se integraron a una geodatabase con una cronología de validez única, basada en búsquedas SQL sobre las cronologías parciales. Además, presentaremos el workflow implementado para posibilitar la conversión automática de simples tablas en shapefiles a través del interfaz de nuestro sitio-web. A modo de conclusión, será presentado el workflow y un gráfico sinóptico del sistema que visualiza cómo las diferentes partes interactúan para formar una infraestructura estable para un SIG espacio-temporal, el cual fácilmente puede reimplementarse para otras áreas y períodos históricos.
Reproducibilidad en AGILE: Experiencias, logros y recomendaciones
Authors: Granell Carlos , Hofer Barbara , Nüst Daniel , Ostermann Frank O. , Sileryte Rusne
Published: May 2020

Este artículo describe las experiencias, actividades realizadas, recursos generados y recomendaciones para la promoción e incentivación de prácticas en investigación reproducible en el campo de la ciencia de la información geográfica. Aunque el artículo se centra en la comunidad y conferencia AGILE (Association of Geographic Information Laboratories in Europe), creemos que los recursos y lecciones aprendidas pueden ser extrapolables a comunidades y asociaciones científicas afines en otras regiones, como puede ser Latinoamérica. En este sentido, hacemos especial hincapié en la descripción de las directrices para la redacción de artículos reproducibles propuestas en el seno de AGILE, así como en una serie de recomendaciones dirigidas principalmente a asociaciones y organizadores de conferencias científicas para la adopción y promoción paulatina de dichas prácticas. Se trata pues de una llamada a la comunidad Latinoamérica de la ciencia de la información geográfica a que consideren los recursos aquí detallados con el fin de incentivar la investigación reproducible en sus comunidades científicas.
Patrones espaciales asociados a la infestación comunitaria por vectores de la enfermedad de Chagas
Authors: Ramírez-Hernández Gabriela , Mas Jean-François , Ramsey Janine M.
Published: May 2020

Factores socioculturales y ambientales afectan el contacto en el paisaje entre triatominos infectados con Trypanosoma cruzi y la población humana, etiología de la enfermedad de Chagas. En este trabajo se analizan los efectos de la estructura del paisaje sobre la presencia de triatominos (vectores) en asentamientos humanos de una zona rural de Oaxaca, México. Mediante la búsqueda y colecta participativa de vectores, se calcularon índices de infestación en 35 localidades, en 2005 y en 2015. Se elaboró cartografía de cubierta y uso de suelo para ambas fechas y se estimó la cobertura de cada cubierta dentro de diez áreas de influencia. Se encontraron dos especies principales en el ambiente doméstico: Triatoma dimidiata Haplogrupo 2 (Hg2) y Triatoma mazzottii. La altitud, la densidad de vivienda y el área de bosque tropical son factores que permitieron explicar la presencia de cualquier de triatominos en ambiente doméstico. Se identificaron zonas prioritarias para implementar acciones a corto y mediano plazo y así atender casos actuales y detener la incidencia de esta zoonosis.
Atlas escolares para la educación geográfica de niños y jóvenes
Authors: Reyes Nunez José Jesús
Published: May 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar de manera concisa el surgimiento y desarrollo de los atlases escolares desde el siglo XVIII hasta nuestros días. Una vez definido su significado, se presentan brevemente las tareas que se realizan durante la edición de atlases de este tipo, así como algunos ejemplos. En esencia, las etapas de la creación de un atlas escolar no han variado mucho, sin embargo los soportes en que se publican, sí. Somos testigos de la evolución de los soportes: de las ediciones impresas en papel primero, después los soportes electrónicos (CD), y actualmente la web. Se ofrecen también ideas sobre las posibilidades que pueden brindar las aplicaciones hechas para dispositivos móviles y qué nuevas investigaciones se realizan para diversificar y optimizar el uso de los atlas escolares en el futuro.
Transformasi Arsip Dalam Menghadapi Era Digital
Authors: Fitri Muhammad
Published: May 2020

Perkembangan teknologi informasi saat ini sangat berkembang pesat dan memiliki suatu pengaruh yang cukup besar dalam kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia bahkan dunia. Hal ini karena hampir seluruh lapisan masyarakat mempunyai suatu teknologi, salah satunya yaitu smartphone. Tidak terkecuali dalam hal Kearsipan, perlu adanya suatu inovasi di bidang teknologi yang mampu menggelola arsip dengan baik, dalam hal ini untuk mengikuti perkembangan zaman di era Revolusi Industri 4.0 atau era digital saat ini. Perkembangan teknologi informasi di era digital yang cepat dan signifikan mempengaruhi secara esensial pengelolaan arsip. Sebagai respon dari perkembangan teknologi informasi, kebanyakan institusi kearsipan memberikan penekanan pada dimensi teknis seperti ketersediaan infrastruktur ataupun memenuhi standar dan kebijakan. Padahal, faktor manusia kerap memainkan peran penting dalam transisi model atau sistem pengelolaan. Kata Kunci: Transformasi, Arsip, dan Era Digital
ІСИХАЗМ В ДУХОВНІЙ КУЛЬТУРІ ВІЗАНТІЇ ТА КИЇВСЬКОЇ РУСІ
Authors: Сапожнік Ольга
Published: May 2020

Розглянуто ідею транспозиції ісихазму у світоглядну і музичну культуру православ’я Київської Русі; окреслено зв’язок культур Візантії та Київської Русі в царині християнського культурного контексту й релігійно-мистецького світогляду. Означено сакральні сенси транспонування духовної практики ісихії в мистецтво та естетосферу православ’я, зокрема, їх прояв у художньо-символічних та образно-евокативних формах, зокрема й церковних музичних практиках, що забезпечує вкорінення естетики ісихазму в архетипах і метаобразах етнокультурної ідентифікації українців.
ПРОБЛЕМИ СТАНОВЛЕННЯ КАНОНУ У ВІЗАНТІЙСЬКІЙ ІКОНОПИСНІЙ ТРАДИЦІЇ
Authors: Козінчук Віталій
Published: May 2020

Аналізується історичний розвиток іконографічного канону. Наводиться низка грецьких і латинських термінів, які належать до теорії та практики іконопису. Історія іконографічного канону в українському мистецтвознавстві і культурології практично не досліджена. У науковій розвідці подається відповідь на питання про те, що таке «канон», «чин освячення ікон», «техніка ікони» та ін. Здійснено історичний огляд розвитку іконографічного канону на основі опрацьованих авторитетних наукових джерел.
ХОРОВИЙ ПЕРФОРМАНС ЯК НОВИЙ НАПРЯМ У СУЧАСНОМУ КУЛЬТУРНОМУ ПРОСТОРІ
Authors: Антіпіна Інна
Published: May 2020

Досліджено новаторську тенденцію в хоровому виконавстві, спричинену пошуком сучасних форм актуалізації хорового співу. Спираючись на результати власних спостережень та аналіз діяльності камерного хору ім. Д. Бортнянського під керівництвом І. Богданова, виявлено нові культурні складові хорових проектів (перформансів). Визначено практичну значимість культурно-просвітницьких заходів даного типу та можливі шляхи розвитку цього напряму. Висвітлено роль використанні психологічних прийомів маніпуляції з елементами тренінгу та використання новітніх інтерактивних технологій в проекті «Welcome to rabstvo».
КОМОДИФІКАЦІЯ КУЛЬТУРНОЇ СПАДЩИНИ В СИСТЕМІ ТУРИСТИЧНИХ ПОСЛУГ
Authors: Дичковський Степан
Published: May 2020

Розглядається питання необхідності захисту матеріальної та нематеріальної культурної спадщини різних країн світу, зокрема й України, яка є ключовим елементом збереження своєрідності країни, розвитку історичної свідомості й впливовим чинником формування єдиної української національної ідентичності. Проаналізовано концепцію культурної спадщини як національне та наднаціональне надбання й важливий інформаційно-культурний ресурс туризму, що потребує наукового та правового обґрунтування понятійного апарату з метою розробки державної стратегії охорони пам’яток культури.
СПЕЦИФІКА ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ ПРОДЮСЕРАВ АНТРЕПРИЗНИХ ТЕАТРАХ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Гапчук Юлія
Published: May 2020

Розглянуто специфіку діяльності та визначено роль продюсера в антрепризних театрах України. З’ясовано, що новий виток розвитку продюсерства зумовлений не лише складністю комплексу економічних та творчих завдань сучасності, але й перспективами подальшого розвитку театрів приватної форми власності, якими є антрепризи. Показано, що у театрах антрепризного типу роль продюсера виконували не економісти та підприємці, а виключно митці – актори, режисери, драматурги. Означена тенденція зберігається й донині, проте діяльність продюсера трансформувалася та вдосконалилася. Констатовано, що сучасний український продюсер бере участь в усіх процесах на шляху виготовлення театрального продукту, починаючи від ідеї постановки до прокату вистави.