bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Taking the “Red Hat” off Chinese Private Entrepreneurs
Authors: Wang Junmin
Published: August 2016

China's new capitalists, who have arisen from the booming private sector in the postcommunist era, are widely regarded as supporters of China's authoritarian political regime—the oft-cited “red capitalists.” Challenging the common view on the close connections between private entrepreneurs and political elites, this study applies an agency-centered perspective to examine how private entrepreneurs' organizational strategies in coping with formidable institutional environments created by the government have shaped their political values. From statistical analysis of a firm-level nationally representative data set, I find little evidence in the existing literature for the often depicted “redness” of Chinese private entrepreneurs. Although political connections that entrepreneurs seek to build with the government help mitigate the effects of institutional obstacles on their political opinions, such entrepreneur-state connections alone lead to entrepreneurs' unfavorable views on the polity. Private entrepreneurs' organizational innovations and particularly collaborative innovations beyond the firm level are found to significantly shape their political values, contributing to their potential role as political opponents in the future.
Pregnenolone sulfate regulates prolactin production in the rat pituitary
Authors: Kang Eun-Jin , Hong So-Hye , Lee Jae-Eon , Kim Seung Chul , Yang Hoe-Saeng , Yi Pyong in , Lee Sang-Myeong , An Beum-Soo
Published: August 2016

Pregnenolone sulfate (PS) is a neuroactive steroid hormone produced in the brain. In this study, the effects of PS on synthesis and secretion of rat pituitary prolactin (PRL) were examined. To accomplish this, GH3 rat pituitary adenoma cells were treated with PS, which showed significantly increased mRNA and protein levels of PRL compared with the control. The mechanism of action responsible for the effects of PS on PRL synthesis and secretion was investigated by pretreating cells with inhibitors of traditional PRL- or the PS-related signaling pathway. PS-stimulated PRL transcription was significantly reduced by inhibitors of PKA, PKC and MAPK, but unchanged by GABAAR and NMDAR inhibitors. Western blotting analysis revealed that the total ERK1/2 level was upregulated in a time-dependent manner following PS treatment. An approximate 10% increase in GH3 cell proliferation was also observed in response to PS relative to the control. In the animal study, levels of PRL in the pituitary and in serum were elevated by PS. PS-stimulated PRL synthesis was also found to be associated with decreased expression of PRL target genes such as GNRH1, FSHB and LHB. These findings show that PS upregulates PRL synthesis and secretionin vivoandin vitrovia MAPK signaling, suggesting that it has the potential for use as a therapeutic hormone to treat PRL-related disorders such as hypoprolactinemia and low milk supply.
All-World Solar Collector Optimum Slope Determination Basing on Site Latitude and Day Number
Authors: S. Soulayman  , M. Alhelou  , W. Sabbagh 
Published: August 2016

A rule of thumb says that a solar collector should be orientated towards Equator; is it valid all over the world? A rule of thumb says that solar collector should have a latitude tilt value; is it valid all over the world and all over the year? The present work focuses on presenting an algorithm for determining the optimum tilt angle all over the world and for any collector azimuth angle. The Earth surface, located between latitudes 66.45oS and 66.45oN, is divided into 3 characteristic zones. The first zone is the tropical between latitudes 23.45oS and 23.45oN. The second zone is the mid-latitude zone between 23.45oN and 43.45oN and between 23.45oS and 43.45oS. The third zone is the high-latitude zone between 43.45oN and 66.45oN and between 43.45oS and 66.45oS. For each of these zones an adequate method is proposed for calculating the solar collector optimum tilt. Moreover, four simple equations are proposed for predicting daily optimum tilt angle and optimum tilt angle for any number of consecutive days. The yearly possible energy gain in relation that received by a horizontal surface and latitude tilted surface is also calculated on the basis of daily optimum tilts. It is found that the above mentioned rules of thumb are not applicable for a number of consecutive days in the year
Recycling of Raw Materials, Silicon Wafers and Complete Solar Cells from Photovoltaic Modules
Authors: Ewa Klugmann-Radziemska 
Published: August 2016

Photovoltaic modules (PVs) are an attractive way of generating electricity in reliable and maintenance-free systems with the use of solar energy. The average lifetime of photovoltaic modules is 25 to 30 years. To offset the negative impact of photovoltaic modules on the environment, it is necessary to introduce a long-term strategy that includes a complete lifecycle of all system components from the production phase through installation and operation to disposal. Recycling of waste products and worn-out systems is an important element of this strategy. Environmental benefits of recycling are related not only to the limited space of landfills, but also to energy saving, raw materials and emission reduction. An important argument for the recycling of photovoltaic modules is the reduction of energy consumption at their production stage through the reuse of existing purified materials. The paper presents selected methods of recycling of used or destroyed PV modules and photovoltaic cells and the results of practical experiments.
PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION AND THE STATUS OF THE WOMAN IN SOCIETY OF THE XVIII CENTURY
Authors: Vlasova Olha P. , Kostyuk Nataliia P.
Published: August 2016

The purpose. The objective of this paper is to illustrate how the biological basis of the “natural” male and female characteristics is subjected to doubt in the books of the women-writers - “feminists before feminism” despite the dictatorship of the specific gender norms of the philosophical concepts of that period. These very concepts of the classical philosophy determined ideology, psychology and reasoning of both sexes in the Enlightenment including both public and private spheres. The “picture” of the sociocultural realia of that period is analyzed with the help of the gender which is used here not only as a role or feature but as methodology. The scientific novelty lies in constructing a more complete polyphonical picture of the sociocultural life in the epoch of the Enlightenment in rejecting the “one-sex” interpretation of the philosophy and culture of that period in assuring that there were two subjects in the Enlightenment history and culture-representatives of both sexes. The analysis of philosophical texts and fiction allows to make a conclusion: early feminists were sure that the rational capabilities of men and women do not differ the sexual differences are irrelevant in the problems of intellectual and moral education.
FREEDOM OF THE INFORMATION SPACE. IS IT A REALITY OR ILLUSION?
Authors: Korableva Elena V.
Published: August 2016

The purpose: to define and analyze the limits of freedom and personal fulfillment in the information space in accordance with the change of the vector information and technical characteristics of social development. Methodology of scientific cognitive activity allows you to explore new educational requirements, acquisition of new skills, knowledge and new ways of thinking that can provide adequate person entering into a different social environment to change the parameter; identify behavioral change person's standards and values. Scientific novelty reflected in the correlation of real human freedom posed by the technological capabilities of the time, and the imaginary freedom that can undermine the stability of the information society on a number of basic directions of its development. Conclusions: 1) socialization in the new socio-cultural information space involves the formation of a complex system of person's intellectual and emotional development. It demands ability to interact with a lot of information, ability to define a kind of needed information and self-nalysis of information and communication space and behavior. 2) There is a lot of freedom in media space nowadays. People faced with the problem of increasing the amount of information. То fit into information flow human should change the way he thinks: develop skills in algorithmic approach to information processing, structured analytical thinking. It requires a structured analytical thinking. 3) The open architecture of the Internet space allows creating new areas and communities. It expands the boundaries of existing online communities. The new communicative surroundings are radically transforming traditional communication between people. It is destroying channel information, experience and spiritual values created by men. Absolute informational availability creates an illusion of complete human’s independence from social relations and personal communication, isolates people from each other, deprives of a sense of belonging and creates the position of bystander. 4) So called freedom has created new life strategies and undermines the stability of the information society.
Accuracy of the malaria epidemiological surveillance system data in the state of Amazonas
Authors: WIEFELS Alexandre , Wolfarth-COUTO Bruna , FILIZOLA Naziano , DURIEUX Laurent , MANGEAS Morgan
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT The Epidemiological Surveillance System for Malaria (SIVEP-Malaria) is the Brazilian governmental program that registers all information about compulsory reporting of detected cases of malaria by all medical units and medical practitioners. The objective of this study is to point out the main sources of errors in the SIVEP-Malaria database by applying a data cleaning method to assist researchers about the best way to use it and to report the problems to authorities. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of the data collected by the surveillance system and its accuracy. The SIVEP-Malaria data base used was for the state of Amazonas, Brazil, with data collected from 2003 to 2014. A data cleaning method was applied to the database to detect and remove erroneous records. It was observed that the collecting procedure of the database is not homogeneous among the municipalities and over the years. Some of the variables had different data collection periods, missing data, outliers and inconsistencies. Variables depending on the health agents showed a good quality but those that rely on patients were often inaccurate. We showed that a punctilious preprocessing is needed to produce statistically correct data from the SIVEP-Malaria data base. Fine spatial scale and multi-temporal analysis are of particular concern due to the local concentration of uncertainties and the data collecting seasonality observed. This assessment should help to enhance the quality of studies and the monitoring of the use of the SIVEP database.
Osteoporose autorreferida em população idosa: pesquisa de base populacional no município de Campinas, São Paulo
Authors: Rodrigues Iara Guimarães , Barros Marilisa Berti de Azevedo
Published: August 2016

RESUMO: Introdução: A osteoporose é uma doença multifatorial que predispõe o indivíduo a sofrer quedas e fraturas, provocando incapacidade funcional e uma consequente redução da qualidade de vida. Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência e fatores associados à osteoporose autorreferida na população de idosos residentes em Campinas, São Paulo (ISACAMP 2008). Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal, com amostra probabilística tomada por conglomerados em 2 estágios totalizando 1.419 idosos residentes na área urbana. Foram estimadas as prevalências de osteoporose autorreferida segundo variáveis socioeconômicas e demográficas, morbidades, problemas e comportamentos de saúde. Foram estimadas razões de prevalências brutas e ajustadas por meio de regressões simples e múltipla de Poisson utilizando os comandos svy do software Stata 11.0. Resultados: Encontrou-se uma prevalência de osteoporose de 14,8%, que foi significativamente mais elevada: no sexo feminino, nos indivíduos que autrorreferiram cor de pele branca, naqueles que relataram menos de 7 horas de sono/dia, nos idosos com reumatismo/artrite/artrose, asma/bronquite/enfisema, tendinite, tontura, insônia, transtorno mental comum, IMC > 27, autoavaliação da saúde como ruim e muito ruim e nos que relataram ocorrência de queda nos últimos 12 meses. Conclusão: O presente estudo, por meio da identificação dos fatores associados à osteoporose, identificou subgrupos idosos com maior prevalência da doença, podendo contribuir com essas informações para o aprimoramento de programas de saúde voltados ao controle da doença e de suas consequências.
Testando o Modelo da Casa da Capacidade para o Trabalho entre profissionais do setor hospitalar
Authors: Martinez Maria Carmen , Latorre Maria do Rosário Dias de Oliveira , Fischer Frida Marina
Published: August 2016

RESUMO: Objetivo: Testar o Modelo da Casa da Capacidade para o Trabalho, verificando a hierarquia das dimensões propostas para um grupo de trabalhadores do setor hospitalar. Métodos: Estudo de coorte (2009-2011) conduzido com 599 trabalhadores de um hospital na cidade de São Paulo. Foi usado um formulário com questões sobre dados sociodemográficos, estilo de vida e condições de trabalho, e as versões brasileiras da Escala Estresse no Trabalho, Desequilíbrio Esforço-Recompensa, Work-Related Activities That May Contribute To Job-Related Pain and/or Injury e Índice de Capacidade para o Trabalho (ICT). Foi realizada análise de regressão logística hierárquica: as variáveis independentes foram alocadas em níveis de acordo com as dimensões do modelo teórico para avaliar os fatores associados ao comprometimento da capacidade para o trabalho (CT). Resultados: As variáveis associadas ao comprometimento da CT em cada dimensão foram: (a) dimensão sociodemográfica: idade < 30 anos (p = 0,20), (b) dimensão saúde: história de acidente de trabalho (p = 0,029), (c) dimensão competência profissional: baixo nível educacional (p = 0,008), (d) dimensão valores: intensificação do excesso de comprometimento (< 0,001), e (e) dimensão trabalho: intensificação do desequilíbrio esforço-recompensa (p = 0,009) e das demandas elevadas (p = 0,040). Conclusão: Os resultados do estudo confirmaram as dimensões propostas para o Modelo da Casa da Capacidade para o Trabalho, indicando que ele é válido como representação de um construto multidimensional de determinação multicausal, podendo ser utilizado na gestão da CT.
Machado de Assis, exercício literário
Authors: LINS ÁLVARO
Published: August 2016

Resumo O artigo trata da relativização como marca fundamental da ficção de Machado de Assis. Destacando a capacidade do escritor de afirmar negando, salienta que cada crítico de Machado, ao falar dele, fala na verdade de si mesmo, porque a obra machadiana se constitui como um espelho onde as fisionomias mais diferentes e contraditórias podem encontrar a sua forma e a sua expressão. Insistindo no caráter enigmático da ficção de Machado, o artigo ressalta ainda o mistério insondável de suas criaturas, a ausência de fronteiras nítidas entre a verdade e o erro, a contiguidade do amor e do ódio, a coexistência do bem e do mal.
"A Carolina", soneto de Machado de Assis em música de Hostílio Soares
Authors: SANTOS MAURO CAMILO DE CHANTAL , OLIVEIRA ARNON SÁVIO REIS DE , OLIVEIRA PATRÍCIA VALADÃO ALMEIDA DE
Published: August 2016

Resumo Este artigo trata da abordagem do soneto "A Carolina", de Machado de Assis, pelo compositor Hostílio Soares, que o musicou em uma canção para canto e piano. Aspectos composicionais e históricos envolvendo essa composição serão abordados. Serão observados, ainda, apontamentos sobre a relação texto-música presente nessa composição. O objetivo é divulgar parte da obra do compositor mineiro Hostílio Soares, assim como valorizar a obra de Machado de Assis junto à canção de câmara brasileira. Ainda, o presente artigo objetiva proporcionar o entendimento da construção musical dessa canção para um público não versado na linguagem da música.
Dualidade e ironia em Esaú e Jacó
Authors: COSTA ANA MARIA MEDEIROS DA
Published: August 2016

Resumo O artigo aborda o tema da ironia no texto de Machado de Assis, a partir de uma leitura da psicanálise. Propõe os conceitos de narcisismo das pequenas diferenças a partir de Freud, na análise do romance Esaú e Jacó. Situa a escolha forçada como impossibilidade de escolha, nas posições dos personagens construídos nesse romance. Desenvolve como a dualidade de opostos é transposta na narrativa pela construção da ironia.
Desenvolvimento de Habilidades Metafonológicas e Aprendizagem da Leitura e da Escrita em Alunos com Síndrome de Down
Authors: BARBY Ana Aparecida de Oliveira Machado , GUIMARÃES Sandra Regina Kirchner
Published: August 2016

RESUMO: este artigo teve como objetivo investigar os resultados produzidos pela aplicação de um programa de intervenção pedagógica que englobou o ensino do alfabeto associado ao treinamento de habilidades metafonológicas com vistas à aprendizagem da leitura e escrita. Participaram da pesquisa cinco crianças e adolescentes com Síndrome de Down, com idades entre 9 e 15 anos que estavam iniciando o processo de alfabetização. A pesquisa contou com a aplicação de pré-teste, intervenção, pós-teste 1 e pós-teste 2. No pré-teste e nos pós-testes 1 e 2 foram aplicados testes de vocabulário, consciência fonológica, prova de conhecimento de letras, e prova de leitura e de escrita de palavras e pseudopalavras. Durante a intervenção foi implementado um programa de ensino dos nomes e sons das letras, associado ao treinamento de habilidades metafonológicas com ênfase no processamento fonológico. Os resultados mostram que o ensino explícito dos nomes e sons das letras, associado ao treinamento de habilidades metafonológicas e das conexões entre fonemas e grafemas possibilitou aos alunos com Síndrome de Down a compreensão do princípio alfabético e aprendizagem da leitura e da escrita. Conclui-se que as habilidades desenvolvidas na intervenção possibilitaram, por meio da mediação fonológica, aos participantes a aprendizagem inicial da linguagem escrita.
Cuidado Parental à Criança com Paralisia Cerebral: uma Revisão Sistemática da Literatura
Authors: AFONSO Tatiana , RAMOS Maely Ferreira Holanda , FRANÇA Irlana Lessa , PONTES Fernando Augusto Ramos , SILVA Simone Souza da Costa e
Published: August 2016

RESUMO: o objetivo da presente revisão foi refletir sobre estudos empíricos acerca da percepção dos pais sobre os cuidados dirigidos ao filho com paralisia cerebral. A busca eletrônica se deu nas bases de dados Psynet APA e utilizou protocolo adaptado a partir das diretrizes da Cochrane Collaboration. A amostra inicial foi composta por 279 estudos, a partir da qual foram realizados dois testes de relevância: o teste de relevância I - aplicado aos resumos dos artigos por um pesquisador e o teste de relevância II- aplicado por dois juízes externos que realizaram a leitura dos artigos na íntegra. Vinte e dois artigos foram selecionados. Os objetivos relatados foram submetidos ao Nvivo 10 software para análise de cluster por decodificação e aplicação de análise de conteúdo. Tais análises revelaram cinco grandes categorias analíticas: reabilitação (serviços centrados na família, percepção dos pais e qualidade de vida das mães durante a reabilitação); experiência nos cuidados diários (dificuldades das mães, a experiência dos pais, sobrecarga e tempo de cuidado); apoio (sofrimento dos pais, apoio do parceiro, estresse, necessidades dos pais, percepção do suporte recebido, problemas comportamentais da criança e serviço de cuidado formal); satisfação dos pais (práticas de serviços centrados na família e a experiência dos pais durante os procedimentos cirúrgicos experimentados pelas crianças) e experiência na alimentação. Concluiu-se que a satisfação dos pais em relação ao apoio recebido e aos serviços especializados se mostrou baixa.
Gender features of presentation of neurodynamic function in elite combat athletes
Authors: Korobeinikova L.
Published: August 2016

To study the neurodynamics features in elite athletes from a gender perspective. The used of the following methods "Sensory-motor reaction", "Functional mobility of nervous processes", "Reaction to a moving object", "Endurance of the nervous system." The two groups of elite judokas with different sexes were studied. Revealed that male athletes higher performance and better visual perception of the effectiveness of visual information processing, the study of neural function, compared with women, which suggests the presence of cognitive component depending on the perception and processing of information from the floor in athletes. It is revealed that the male athletes, in terms of information load, better perform spontaneous, high-speed, but not enough trained motor actions, as compared to women.
The redeeming features of reaction of the 8-formyl-7-hydroxychromones with malononitrile
Authors: Lozinski Oleg , Shokol Tatyana , Shishkin Oleg , Medvediev Vladimir , Khilya Vladimir
Published: August 2016

A range of 4H,8H-pyrano[2,3-f]chromen-4,8-diones have been prepared using Knoevenagel reaction of the 8-formyl-7-hydroxychromones with malononitrile. The 4H,8H-pyrano[2,3-f]chromen-4,8-dione derivative was also obtained through the acid hydrolysis of the 8-imino-4H,8H-pyrano[2,3-f]chromen-4-one. 8-Formyl-7-hydroxychromone 1 was found to add two molecules of malononitrile through Michael addition resulting in formation of the 2-[8-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-9-cyano-2-methyl-4-oxo-4H,10H-pyrano[2,3-f]chromen-10-yl]malononitrile.
Caracterização socioeconômica e condição de saúde oral de idosos atendidos em uma clínica-escola de odontologia
Authors: Ribeiro Isabella Lima Arrais , Ribeiro Eduardo Dias , De Abrantes Waldemir Gonçalves , Sonoda Celso Koogi
Published: August 2016

Este estudo tem como objetivo caracterizar socioeconomicamente e identificar as condições de saúde oral e os hábitos de pacientes idosos atendidos em uma clínica-escola de Odontologia. Realizou-se um estudo quantitativo com dados secundários de 126 prontuários de pacientes idosos na clínica-escola do Centro Universitário de João Pessoa-PB. A média de idade foi de 67,3 anos; com 72,2% do gênero feminino; 61,1% brancos; 43,7% eram tabagistas; 28,6% etilistas e 0,8% usuário de drogas. Observou-se que 49,2% dos prontuários tinham registro de lesão/alteração na mucosa oral. O uso de prótese dentária foi verificado em 54,8% e a necessidade do uso em 65,9%. Esse estudo revelou as condições de saúde, bem como as necessidades de cuidado requeridas pelos idosos que procuram o serviço de Odontologia, sendo necessário olhar a essa demanda, bem como às peculiaridades que envolvem o atendimento ao idoso, no intuito de atendê-lo de forma integral, visando proporcionar um aumento na qualidade de vida.Descritores: Saúde bucal; Idoso; Mucosa bucal.
Tendência temporal da morbidade e mortalidade por neoplasia de mama e fatores de risco em mulheres residentes das capitais da região sudeste do Brasil: 2008-2014
Authors: Leite Marco Aurélio Ferreira de Jesus , Oliveira Carlo José Freire de , Zanetti Hugo Ribeiro , Abrahão César Augusto França , Puga Guilherme Morais
Published: August 2016

Este estudo tem como objetivo descrever a taxa de mulheres insuficientemente ativas, excesso de peso, internações e óbitos por neoplasia de mama das capitais da região sudeste do Brasil. Trata-se de pesquisa quantitativa utilizando dados informatizados do Ministério da Saúde, sendo estes os de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico e Banco de Dados do Sistema Único de Saúde com foco nos níveis de atividade física, índice de massa corporal, número de internações e óbitos por neoplasia da mama entre o período de 2008 a 2014. No decorrer dos anos analisados houve maior similaridade nas alterações do percentual de mulheres com excesso de peso e do número de internações por neoplasia da mama em todas as capitais do sudeste. Contudo o sobrepeso é um dos principais fatores de risco para morbidades da neoplasia mamaria em mulheres residentes da região sudeste do Brasil.Descritores: Neoplasias da mama; Obesidade; Estilo de vida sedentário; Saúde pública.
Técnica de edición de genes CRISPR / CAS9. Retos jurídicos para su regulación y uso en Colombia
Authors: Lamprea Bermúdez Natalia , Lizarazo-Cortés Óscar
Published: August 2016

La técnica de edición de genes CRISPR/Cas9 ha aparecido en el horizonte y los investigadores colombianos están empezando a conocerla y utilizarla. Este artículo explica el funcionamiento de la tecnología y sus campos de aplicación, los debates bioéticos desarrollados alrededor de ésta, la solicitud de patente en trámite y algunas consideraciones sobre su regulación de acuerdo al material genético que sea empleado. Esto con el propósito de dar una primera mirada al panorama legal que tendría el uso de esta herramienta en Colombia. En lo referente a la solicitud de patente en trámite, esta busca proteger el sistema de edición de genes con variantes de sus elementos fundamentales y múltiples usos, su estudio de patentabilidad por parte de la oficina de patentes colombiana será un reto por el análisis de las excepciones de patentabilidad que se aplican. De otra parte, la regulación sobre manipulación genética en humanos, incluyendo embriones, solo está permitida si las modificaciones son realizadas con fines terapéuticos o de investigación. Finalmente, está por definir si la regulación tradicional de OGM es aplicable a plantas, animales y microorganismos modificados por esta técnica. Se muestran las limitaciones del derecho penal y derecho de patentes y se sugiere establecer una regulación integral próximamente.
Factor personal e institucional en el desarrollo del “cuidado humano de ayuda confianza”, de la teoria de Jean Watson en los enfermeros del servicio de medicina 3B del Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, 2013
Authors: Sebastián Llancari Carolina , Velásquez Carranza Doris
Published: August 2016

La teoría del cuidado humano de Watson sostiene que ante el riesgo de deshumanización en el cuidado del paciente, se hace necesario el rescate del aspecto humano por parte de los profesionales de enfermería. Objetivos: determinar el factor personal e institucional en el desarrollo del “cuidado humano de ayuda-confianza”, de la teoría de Jean Watson en los enfermeros en el Servicio de Medicina 3B del HNGAI. Material y métodos:estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Población conformada por el total de enfermeros (35), que cumplieron los criterios de selección. Instrumento fue elaborado por las autoras. Las técnicas de recolección de datos fueron la encuesta y la observación; los instrumentos, un cuestionario estructurado auto administrado y una guía deobservación. Los datos recolectados procesados utilizando el paquete estadístico de STATA v 12. Resultados: la frecuencia del factor personal (motivación, satisfacción profesional y relaciones interpersonales) está presente en un 60% y el factor institucional (capacitación) en un 80%. De las dimensiones observadas, se obtuvo la comunicación eficaz (97,14%), coherencia y acogida no posesiva (88,57%) y empatía (77,14%). Conclusiones: el factor personal e institucional están siempre presentes en el desarrollo del “Cuidado humano de ayudaconfianza” y en los enfermeros observados se encontró que se brinda el cuidado aplicando el cuarto factor según sus dimensiones.
Comportamiento alimentario de los adolescentes durante el periodo de preparacion para el ingreso a la universidad
Authors: Juárez-Souquón Patricia , Tacza-Valverde Carmen , Alayo-Sarmiento Margarita
Published: August 2016

Objetivos: describir los comportamientos alimentarios de los adolescentes durante la etapa de preparación para el ingreso a la universidad. Material y métodos: el estudio fue descriptivo y de corte transversal, se realizó en elaño 2015, en un centro preuniversitario del distrito de Lima, la población fue de 1400 estudiantes de 15 a 17 años, se obtuvo una muestra de 303 adolescentes. Resultados: el 50,5% de los adolescentes consume tres comidas aldía, 10,9% solo consume una comida, 4,6% nunca desayuna y 0,3% nunca almuerza. El almuerzo y la merienda o lonche son realizados en el centro educativo. Los días laborales comen sin compañía; salvo en el almuerzo, quecomen con sus compañeros. La actividad que la mayoría realiza mientras come durante los días laborales, es ver televisión. Los alimentos y productos que gustan consumir más son: pollo 92,7%, agua 89,4%, pollo a la brasa 82,8%;los que menos prefieren, son las legumbres 49,2%. El 75,2% manifestó que en compañía de sus pares consumen comida rápida, el 35% optó por snacks. El 57.1% dedica entre 15 a 30 minutos para almorzar. Conclusiones: losadolescentes realizan 3 comidas diarias, el lugar donde almuerzan es el centro educativo, en compañía de sus pares prefieren consumir comida rápida; durante los días laborales realizan sus comidas sin compañía, y mientras comen suelen ver televisión y usar las redes sociales, en el entorno familiar consumen alimentos nutritivos y variados.
Calidad del sueño y somnolencia diurna excesiva en mujeres puérperas atendidas en un hospital general. Estudio comparativo.
Authors: Maraví Sánchez Arnaldo A. , Montero Gago Freddy M. , Rodríguez Hurtado Diana , Guillén Pinto Daniel
Published: August 2016

Objetivos: Describir la calidad del sueño y somnolencia diurna excesiva en mujeres puérperas. Material y métodos:El estudio fue observacional y descriptivo de una serie de casos y se llevó a cabo en la consulta externa del Servicio de Pediatría y Gineco-Obstetricia del Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia en Lima, Perú. Se constituyeron tres grupos, el primero conformado por puérperas, el segundo por madres no puérperas y el tercero por nulíparas.Además de un instrumento de filiación, se utilizaron las escalas de Pittsburgh y Epworth. El nivel de significación estadística (α) fue de 0,05. Resultados: La edad de las participantes osciló entre 15 y 35 años, con una media de 26,7±4,9años. El 90% [IC 95% 80,2 – 99,7] de puérperas presentó mala calidad del sueño y las de mayor edad (28 ± 5,3 años)la experimentaron con mayor intensidad. La probabilidad de este resultado en el grupo de puérperasfue 4,5 [IC 95% 1,2 – 17,1] veces mayor con respecto a las nulíparas. A su vez, el 35% [IC 9 5% 19,6 – 50,4] de puérperas presentó somnolencia diurna excesiva. Conclusiones: La mala calidad del sueño y la somnolencia diurnaexcesiva fueron más frecuentes en las puérperas en relación a las madres no puérperas y las nulíparas. Fue también más frecuente que la somnolencia diurna excesiva en las puérperas y, dentro de ellas, en las de mayor edad. Las mujeres puérperas muestran 4,5 veces más probabilidades de experimentar un sueño de mala calidad y 6,6 veces más de presentar somnolencia diurna excesiva en comparación con las nulíparas.
Perfil clínico y epidemiológico de pacientes atendidos en el Centro de Salud Mental “Moisés Heresi” de Arequipa - Perú, entre los años 2011 y 2013.
Authors: Zegarra-Valdivia Jonathan , Cazorla Pérez Ernesto , Chino Vilca Brenda
Published: August 2016

Diferentes estudios revelan que las enfermedades neuro-psiquiátricas originan la mayor carga de enfermedad o peso relativo de discapacidad en el mundo. Conocer la prevalencia e incidencia de estos trastornos es de vital importanciapara entender cómo afectan a una región en particular y así poder generar políticas preventivas y de intervención en la realidad sanitaria. Objetivos: Conocer la prevalencia e incidencia de los trastornos mentales en el sur del Perúentre los años 2011-2013. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo realizado mediante la consulta y análisis de historias clínicas. A través de un muestreo no-probabilístico se analizaron 1489 historias clínicas de los pacientesnuevos atendidos entre los años 2011 y 2013 en un centro de salud mental de referencia para la macro-región sur. Resultados: El 70% de los pacientes atendidos en el periodo de estudio comprendía a adultos jóvenes y adultosde edad media, económicamente activos y solteros. Los trastornos del humor tuvieron una prevalencia durante el periodo 2011 al 2013 de 22,3%, seguidos de los trastornos psicóticos (18,3%), y los trastornos por consumo de sustancias (15,2%). Se encuentran diferencias en torno al género. Conclusiones: Los pacientes atendidos fueron en su mayoría adultos jóvenes y adultos de edad media, lo que incrementa los años de vida saludable perdidos por tratarse de trastornos que tienden a la cronificación. Los trastornos del humor, psicóticos y trastornos por consumo de sustancias son los más prevalentes dentro de la población.
PENGUKURAN NILAI TUKAR NELAYAN DI KABUPATEN TANAH LAUT PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Budiono Edi , Mahyudin Idiannor , Bandung Riswandi
Published: August 2016

Penelitian  bertujuan untuk mengukur nilai tukar nelayan dan tingkat ekonomi kesejahteraan nelayan di Kabupaten Tanah Laut Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan.  Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif.  Data yang didapat dengan metode survei,  sedangkan data sekunder  dari instansi pemerintah terkait.  Nilai tukar nelayan yang diukur selama bulan nopember 2012 – pebruari 2013.  Penelitian menggunakan formula Indeks Laspeyres yang dikembangkan dan pengujian dengan teori ekonomi kesejahteraan.Perhitungan nilai tukar nelayan dalam  penelitian didapatkan enam  formula, yaitu (1) NTN-pemilik  (2) NTN-perseorangan  (3) NTN-juragan (4) NTN-ABK terampil (5) NTN- ABK biasa  dan (6) NTN-tradisional.  Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan NTN Kabupaten Tanah Laut berada diatas seratus dan INTN berada diatas satu.  Sedangkan tingkat ekonomi kesejahteraan nelayan mengalami kenaikan.Purpose of the research was to measure trade turn and economic welfare of  fisherman living  in the Sea Land Regency  South Borneo Province.  The research use descriptive method in valving that primary data were obtained by survey and secondary data oven collected from relevant government agencies.  Exchange rate index of thratmen was measured during 4 months (November 2012 – February 2013).  Index formulation was developed Laspeyres the economic welfare of the fisherman.Analysis of fisherman trade term found 6 formulation, in cloding (1) NTN-owner (2) NTN-individual (3)-NTN squire (4) NTN-skilled crew (5) NTN-ordinary crew and (6) NTN-traditional. Research results showed that NTN for Tanah Laut district was above 100  and INTN was above 1.  Eventhough economic welfare of fisherman was increase.
ANALISIS EFISIENSI PEMASARAN IKAN PATIN (Pangasius Sp) DI CINDAI ALUS KABUPATEN BANJAR PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN
Authors: Haryanti Diana , Sri Mahreda Emmy , Mustika Rina
Published: August 2016

There are problems happening in the marketing system of fresh catfish in Cindai Alusin which the profits received by merchants or middlemen are higher than retailers. The share or benefits received by fish farmers in Cindai Alus are higher than merchants and retailers. This share is as the selling price of fresh catfish from the farmers to the collectors and then to be sold again to the retailers, and finally to the consumers with a higher price.This study is aimed at finding out the marketing channels of fresh fish, especially catfish  (Pangasius sp) in Cindai Alus area, finding out the marketing agents either as producers or consumers, determining the differences in the marginal level of marketing and profitability of each agents as well as factors affecting the margin, finding out the share price received by the producers from the consumers price in different marketing channels, and finding out the structure, behavior and market performance of catfish (Pangasiussp) in Cindai Alus.This study applied survey and interview as methods of data analysis. The data collected included primary data, i.e. data from the fish farmer the main source which obtained through a structured interview (with questionnaire), as well as secondary data obtained from various sources, such as the results from other research, literature study and information from related institutions relevant to the study.The results showed that the pattern of marketing channels of fresh catfish (Pangasius sp) from the farmers to the final consumers in Cindai Alus consists of 4 patterns and marketing participants consist of manufacturers, merchants from local or from other regions, and retailers. In addition, the share percentage received by the fish farmers are efficient by 87.26%, and the marketing system of fresh catfish in Cindai Alus is considered as imperfect competition structure or oligopsony in which the amount of sellers are bigger than the buyers.
China against Hollywood: Visible and Invisible Walls
Authors: Tian Chuanmao
Published: August 2016

Hollywood’s global expansion has been met with resistance in many countries. To resist Hollywood, some countries have developed their own way according to their tradition and relationship with the US in politics, economy, culture and diplomacy. Since the People’s Republic of China was founded, mainland China’s government policy, main-stream ideology, cultural values, economic status and relationship with the US have been ever changing. China is assumed to have adopted various measures to resist Hollywood. The current study suggests that game theory can provide a broad and useful guiding framework in analyzing the relationship, the strategic interactions in particular, between China and Hollywood. This article has discussed the interactions between China and Hollywood at the three stages, namely the planned-economy period (1949-1977), the transitional period of reform and opening-up (1978-1993) and the opening period of China’s film market to the West including Hollywood (1994-2009). It is argued that the game between China and Hollywood at each stage is characterized by the corresponding political and economic policies. As a result of this ongoing game, both parties will co-exist through cultural diversities and Hollywood’s expansion in China.
Optimality Analysis in K-Policy – Generalized Erlang Service Queueing Model
Authors: Bhuvaneeswari S. , Kumar B. Ramesh , Solaiappan R. , Murugesan S.
Published: August 2016

This paper, we develops a nonlinear programming approach to construct the membership function of the performance measure in bulk arrival queueing system , in that the arrival and service rates are fuzzy numbers. The basic idea is transform to a “Generalized k – phase Erlang Fuzzy queue with infinite capacity to a family of conventional Generalized k – phase Erlang  Service queue with infinite capacity by applying - cut approach, and a pair of mixed integer nonlinear programs are formulated to calculate the upper and lower bound of the system performance measure at the different possibility level of . For practice use, the defuzzification of performance measures is also provided via Robust ranking method and carried out the defuzzification performance (Optimization)  using Chi square distribution of the goodness fit and to analyze the interval of confidence optimality. A numerical example is included.
Evaluating Public Health Interventions: 4. The Nurses’ Health Study and Methods for Eliminating Bias Attributable to Measurement Error and Misclassification
Authors: Spiegelman Donna
Published: August 2016

The Nurses’ Health Study and many other large longitudinal cohorts around the world use the food frequency questionnaire to assess dietary intake over time, and to relate diet to health.

Controversies concerning this questionnaire’s ability to adequately measure diet have led to a flurry of methods for evaluating the magnitude of measurement error and misclassification in exposure assessment, and for correcting the point and interval estimates of effect on the basis of these assessment methods for this error. Nurses’ Health Study investigators have been in the forefront of these developments and their applications, although hundreds of other investigators have also used them.

This commentary provides an overview of the methods and their uses, and concludes with remarks on their potential applications in the evaluation of public health interventions.
In-Situ Stress Perturbations and Determinations Near a Fault and Their Impacts on Hydraulic Fracturing Design
Authors: Wang Yarlong , Mi Qiangbo
Published: August 2016

Stress perturbations near a fault are of great importance for fracturing and drilling design in petroleum engineering. Gravitational, tectonic, and earth structure related effects are major concerns for in-situ stresses determinations. The stress magnitude change, principal stress rotations and the range of these changes can be crucial for fracturing propagation, their geometry change, and ultimately the productivity. A field case is studied, focusing on quantified stress perturbations, the procedure for far field stress determination, and stress redistribution near a hydraulic tip for re-directed propagation analyses.
Integrated Production Analysis Using the Concept of Dynamic Drainage Volume: Modelling, Simulation and Field Applications
Authors: Yuan Bin , Zheng Da , Ghanbarnezhad Moghanloo Rouzbeh
Published: August 2016

This paper adopts an empirical-analytical hybrid model of dynamic drainage volume (DDV) into a novel workflow of integrated production analysis to evaluate and predicate the performance of multi-stage fractured horizontal well (MFHW). A weak (integral) form of macroscopic mass balance model with moving boundary is developed for the expanding productive region (drainage volume) during long-term transient-flow regimes in non-static shale reservoirs saturated with compressible fluids. An analytical-empirical formulation of DDV is derived using concept of impulse response and multi-variable regression method, which includes the effects of different diffusivity within both stimulated-reservoir volume (SRV) and unstimulated matrix, fracture half-length, and fracture spacing etc. The effects of stress-dependent reservoir and pressure-dependent fluid properties on production analysis are incorporated by a pressure-dependent correction factor. To verify the accuracy of our integrated analysis, firstly, we start with a synthetic simulation example with known parameters. In the next stages, several field examples are examined with our integrated analysis approach to evaluate and predicate the performance of MFHW.

The size of DDV and associated average reservoir pressure, recovery factor (RF) and phase saturation (oil/gas/water) are achieved. The half-length of primary fracture and diffusivity within SRV are also evaluated by coupled with a correction factor, and the ultimate drainage volume (estimated as ultimate recovery, EUR) is also predicated at abandonment condition, which indicates the maximum size of system affected by single-well production for us to optimize well spacing. Moreover, the contributions of both unstimulated-reservoir matrix and stimulated-reservoir volume (SRV) are quantified with changing time, respectively.

The proposed approach has the following novel contributions: (1) capability to ascertain DDV and associated average reservoir pressure throughout different transient-flow regimes; (2) coupled the non-static, fluid compressibility, multi-phase flow and moving flow boundary effects into production history analysis; and 3) simplicity and efficiency; does not require comprehensive inputs as opposed to sophisticated numerical simulations, but could obtain almost all of the necessary parameters for evaluation and predication.
Reducing Uncertainties of Fracture Characterization on Production Performance by Incorporating Microseismic and Core Analysis Data
Authors: Gamboa Edith Sotelo , Sun Jianlei , Schechter David
Published: August 2016

Hydraulic fracture treatments may induce complex network geometries that are challenging to incorporate in numerical flow simulators. To capture this complexity, we propose a workflow that integrates a semi-stochastic Discrete Fracture Network (DFN) generator constrained by Microseismic events, core data and an efficient Perpendicular Bisector (PEBI) grid generator for the explicit discretization of the network. We applied this workflow to evaluate the effect of DFN related uncertainties on production performance.

We developed a DFN model that constrains the location of natural fractures by microseismic events and samples fracture characteristics from core-data-based Probability Density Functions (PDFs). The model also interconnects natural and hydraulic fractures through a geomechanics-based algorithm. For an efficient fracture discretization, we developed a PEBI meshing technique capable to conform to low-angle intersections of extensively clustered network, incorporating optimization algorithms that reduce highly skewed cells, and ensure good mesh quality. Finally, to evaluate the impact of DFN related uncertainties on production, we implemented an efficient Monte Carlo (MC) methodology that minimizes flow simulations.

We implemented the workflow in a stage of a hydraulic fracture treatment to evaluate the impact of two type of DFN related uncertainties on production: those coming from the randomness of DFN modeling and those coming from the lack of accurate knowledge of PDF parameters. We show that the proposed DFN modeling approach can be applied to calculate the "Fluid-Producing DFN (FP-DFN)," which is the network area connected to the well and able to produce, to minimize flow simulations for the MC runs. After performing efficient-based MC simulations with our DFN model, we were able to generate the FP-DFN Cumulative Density Function (CDF) incorporating the aforementioned uncertainties. From this CDF, different percentiles were selected with the respective DFN realizations for fluid simulations. We show that the developed PEBI meshing algorithm is capable to grid efficiently these complex DFN geometries with good mesh quality. Finally, 20-year production simulations suggest that a difference of several MSTB between the lowest and highest percentiles may exist revealing the effect of the DFN related uncertainties on production.

Our integrated workflow provides a methodology to efficiently model and mesh explicitly complex DFN systems for numerical fluid simulations, incorporating microseismic and core data. Furthermore, this methodology, together with the implementation of an efficient MC technique, allows a quantitative evaluation of the impact on production forecast of DFN related uncertainties.