bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Electronic training course "Ecological Chemistry"
Authors: Ermishina E.Yu. , Belokonova N.A. , Naronova N.A.
Published: December 2024

"The electronic training course ""Ecological Chemistry"" is compiled in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education as an additional professional program for the specialties:
31.05.01 - General Medicine, approved by the order of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation dated August 12, 2020 No. 988 (as amended by No. 1456 dated November 26, 2020),
31.05.02 - Pediatrics, approved by the order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated August 12, 2020 No. 965,
31.05.03 Dentistry, approved by the order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated August 12, 2020 No. 984.
The requirements of professional standards 02.009 ""General Practitioner"" (approved by the order of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation dated March 21, 2020) are taken into account. 2017, No. 293-n), 02.008 ""District pediatrician"" (approved by the order of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation dated 03/27/2017, No. 306n and registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on 04/17/2017, reg. No. 46397), ""Dentist"" (approved by the order of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation dated 05/10/2016, No. 224 n. (registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on 06/02/2016, reg. No. 42399)). The purpose of the course is to provide students with the necessary amount of theoretical and practical knowledge in environmental chemistry, so that graduates can improve their competencies in accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education
Course objectives:
1. To develop an understanding of the structure and transformations of organic and inorganic substances that underlie life processes in unfavorable environmental conditions and affect these processes, in direct connection with the biological functions of these compounds.
2. To develop skills in assessing the physical and chemical properties of various compounds (organic and inorganic) and skills in working with devices.
The course duration is 72 hours. The course consists of two didactic units"
Electronic training course "Normal Physiology"
Authors: Maklakova Irina Yurievna , Gagarina Elena Mikhailovna , Bogoslovskaya Larisa Valerevna , Pestryaev Vladimir Anatolevich
Published: December 2024

"Electronic training course ‘Normal physiology’ is compiled in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education specialty 31.05.01 - Medicine (specialist level), approved by the order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation from 12 August 2020 № 988 and taking into account the requirements of the professional standard 02.009 ‘Physician-Therapist (Physician-therapist, district)’, approved by the order of the Ministry of Labour and Social Protection of the Russian Federation from 21 March 2017 № 293n.
The purpose of the course is to master the students the necessary amount of knowledge on normal physiology, necessary for the formation of competencies in accordance with the federal state educational standard of higher education in the specialty ‘Medicine’, the ability and readiness to perform the labour functions required by the professional standard ‘Physician-medicine (doctor-therapist, district)’.
Course objectives:
To lay down an understanding of:
- mechanisms of functioning of organs and systems of the body;
- the work of functional systems, their regulation and self-regulation in interaction with the environment;
- methods of assessing the state of the body and its systems;
- To develop skills and abilities to study the state of the organism and its systems.
The labour intensity of the course is 252 hours."
Professional video hosting for educational video resources
Authors: Tkachenko Tatyana Yakovlevna , Shestakova Anastasia Alexandrovna , Berhold Natalia Borisovna , Koloman Igor Ivanovich
Published: December 2024

The electronic training course "Professional video hosting for educational video resources", the volume of 18 hours. It contains 4 blocks of theory, three interactive tests and a final task, which is a practical task for working on the Russian video hosting platform «Kinescope». The course is complemented by a full set of methodological materials.
First-Order Prudence and Its Implications for Precautionary Savings and the Risk-Free Rate
Authors: Ebert Sebastian , Karehnke Paul
Published: December 2024

First-order prudence

Prudence is widely known for inducing saving in response to future risk—precautionary saving. In “First-Order Prudence and its Implications for Precautionary Savings and the Risk-Free Rate,” Sebastian Ebert and Paul Karehnke revisit this important implication by providing definitions of first- and second-order prudence that parallel Segal and Spivak’s (1990) definitions of first- and second-order risk aversion. Second-order prudence means that the decision-maker is almost prudent-neutral for small risks, whereas under first-order prudence, small risks remain a major concern. In the expected utility (EU) framework and when utility is smooth, prudence is second order. In that case, a small, positive-mean risk to future wealth reduces savings because of the consumption smoothing motive, but it can increase savings under first-order prudence. The latter is the case for non-EU theories, such as rank-dependent or reference-dependent utility, but also in the EU framework with a novel utility function that the authors propose. They further show that, in equilibrium, first-order prudent preferences predict realistically low risk-free rates, thereby resolving the so-called risk-free rate puzzle.
Validity and Reliability of a Novel Jumping Jacks Test for Estimating Maximal Oxygen Consumption in Healthy Young Adults
Authors:   Sports Science Program, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Khamjing Chadaporn , Ngukhiew Aujima ,   Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Kasemsah Abdulchukkri ,   Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Konghakote Supatcha ,   Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Yaicharoen Pongson ,   Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, Pratanaphon Sainatee ,   Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
Published: December 2024

Jumping jacks are high-intensity exercises known to improve aerobic fitness and reduce cardiovascular disease risk. However, their effectiveness as a predictor of aerobic fitness has not been well-established. This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the jumping jacks test (JJT) for estimating aerobic capacity. Twenty-nine healthy adults completed the JJT and the Bruce treadmill protocol to volitional failure, one week apart, in a randomised crossover trial. Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) was measured using a gas analyzer. The correlation between VO2max from both tests was assessed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and a VO2max prediction equation was developed via stepwise linear regression. Reliability was evaluated in another 16 participants who repeated the JJT twice, one week apart, with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots used for analysis. Our results revealed that VO2max was 34.94 ± 5.02 mL/kg/min for the JJT and 32.15 ± 5.28 mL/kg/min for the Bruce protocol. Significant correlations were found for VO2max (r=0.724, P<0.000) and HRmax (r=0.578, P=0.001), but not for the timed test (r=0.240, P=0.219) or RPE (r=0.324, P=0.093). Two prediction models for VO2max from the JJT were developed: 1) 0.532 × (height, cm) – 54.716, and 2) 0.394 × (height, cm) – 0.310 × (body fat, %) – 25.132, explaining 44.4% and 55.1% of the variance in VO2max, respectively. The repeatability of the JJT for VO2max was excellent (ICC=0.954, P=0.921). In conclusion, the JJT is a valid and reliable method for estimating VO2max in young, healthy adults, offering a practical alternative for assessing aerobic capacity.
Comparative investigation of biological indices and biochemical compounds of reproductive indicators in male and female Pangasius nasutus
Authors: TORSABO DONALD , ATAGUBA GABRIEL AROME , IBER BENEDICT TERKULA , NOORDIN NOORDIYANA MAT , IDRIS NURIZZATI , KOH IVAN CHONG CHU , ABDUH MUHAMMAD YAZED , PIAH RUMEAIDA MAT , ABOL-MUNAFI AMBOK BOLONG
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Torsabo D, Ataguba GA, Iber BT, Noordin NM, Idris N, Koh ICC, Abduh MY, Piah RM, Abol-Munafi AB. 2024. Comparative investigation of biological indices and biochemical compounds of reproductive indicators in male and female Pangasius nasutus. Biodiversitas 25: 3105-3115. Pangasius nasutus (Bleeker, 1863) is an emerging freshwater aquaculture species with known difficulties in the aspect of reproduction in captivity. This study examined biological, biochemical, and fatty acid profiles of P. nasutus obtained from cage culture systems in Pahang, Malaysia as indicators of sexual maturity. A total of 73 samples (43 females and 30 males) of fish were used to collect data on biological indices, biochemical composition, and fatty acid percentages. Otolith growth marks were examined and counted under a microscope for age determination. The results showed a female to male sex ratio of 1.5:1 and the age structure skewed towards three years old fish. The Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) was significantly high for females and with a significantly low difference in the Coelomic Fat Index (CFI) in comparison with the males. Protein and lipid were found to be highest in the testes of males and the liver of females respectively. Saturated Fatty Acids (SFA) and Monounsaturated Fatty Acids (MUFA) significantly differ between males and females in the liver and gonads, in addition to highest Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA) also recorded in the gonads of 3 years fish. The current study reveals that P. nasutus reaches sexual maturity at a minimum age of 3 years, with an average body weight of 1099.27±21.5 g and an average total length of 48.36±0.45 cm. Significant differences between fatty acid groups highlight the need for lipid nutrition in the broodstock of P. nasutus for the supply of adequate energy and essential fatty acids for their gonad development.
Molecular detection and hematological profile of Trypanosoma evansi in livestock
Authors: QUDSIYATI NILA , NURCAHYO RADEN WISNU , PRIYOWIDODO DWI , INDARJULIANTO SOEDARMANTO
Published: December 2024

Abstract. Qudsiyati N, Nurcahyo RW, Priyowidodo D, Indarjulianto S. 2024. Molecular detection and hematological profile of Trypanosoma evansi in livestock. Biodiversitas 25: 3154-3159. Trypanosoma evansi, which assaults a variety of hosts and is found around the world, and is the causative agent of Surra sickness. The greatest Surra outbreak occurred in Indonesia in 2010-2012, primarily in Sumba, killing about 2,000 animals. The research purpose is to confirm T. evansi infection in livestock and determine hematological parameters in naturally infected livestock compared to non-infected (control). This study used molecular and parasitological testing techniques to identify Surra illness in the field. The buffy coat technique, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and thin blood smear test are used in the research methodology. Hematological parameters (red blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration, mean cell volume, mean cell hemoglobin, mean cell hemoglobin concentration, red cell distribution width, and white blood cell count) were analyzed. According to the PCR results, out of 222 blood samples, only 1 horse blood sample from Sumba shows a positive result for T. evansi. PCR is the most effective diagnostic tool for trypanosomiasis. This was the first time T. evansi DNA was discovered in Konga Loko Hamlet, Karuni Village, Sumba, Indonesia.
Polarization state control for high-peak-power applications
Authors: Starodubtseva E. M. , Tsymbalov I. N. , Gorlova D. A. , Ivanov K. A. , Savel’ev A. B.
Published: December 2024

The use of circularly polarized high-peak-power ultrashort pulses has various applications in extreme field science. Commonly used quarter-wave plates are unsuitable here, while multi-mirror schemes are technically complicated. We have demonstrated that simple PET film, 20.5µm thick, can be used to manipulate the polarization state of the high-peak-power beam and achieve ellipticity of up to 0.8 with negligible nonlinear phase distortion. Furthermore, the film can withstand 103 shots at an intensity of I=3⋅1012W/cm2 without sustaining visible damage. Thus, PET film is suitable for long-term use in a PW laser system, with a 20 cm beam diameter. We confirmed this experimentally by measuring the angular distribution of the second harmonic from the plasma channel created in an undercritical gas plume, with a 1 TW femtosecond Ti:Sa laser.
Methods and tools for spectral optical analysis
Authors: Pozhar Vitold E.
Published: December 2024

In this issue, we publish several of the scientific papers given at the 17th International Science and Engineering Conference on Optical Methods of Flow Investigation—2023 (OMFI-2023), which was held 26–30 June 2023 at the Moscow Power Engineering Institute National Research University, with the support of the Institute for Thermal Physics (Siberian Department, Russian Academy of Sciences) and the Scientific and Technological Center for Unique Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences These papers, as well as two additional papers (by V. V. Kocharovskiĭ et al. and A. S. Bobe et al., respectively) included in the special issue, describe current research areas in the development of techniques and devices (primarily spectrographic) for optical analysis of objects. These papers can be arbitrarily divided into two groups.
Acoustic effects on Bessel light beam characteristics in scattering media
Authors: Belyi Vladimir N. , Kazak Nikolai S. , Ropot Piotr I. , Khilo Nikolai A.
Published: December 2024

Subject of study. This study examines the propagation of
Bessel light beams in scattering media under acoustic interaction.
Aim of study. The study aims to
investigate speckle contrast reduction, or the “enlightenment” of a
scattering medium, as Bessel light beams propagate through it, using
the acoustic impact on the medium. Method. Speckle structure suppression is achieved by
generating multiple statistically independent field realizations
through acoustic influence on the scattering media. Main results. The study explores how the
properties of the scattering medium and the parameters of acoustic
impact affect speckle contrast reduction. A theoretical explanation is
provided, suggesting that both a coherent component and additive noise
are present in the field of a Bessel light beam traveling through the
medium. The coherent component arises from the self-reconstruction
effect of the Bessel beam. The study demonstrates that speckle
structure reduction is maximized by acoustic impact, which increases
the number of statistically independent realizations of the speckle
field during image capture. Both pulse and continuous acoustic impacts
are shown to effectively suppress the noise component in a Bessel
light beam. Experimental results illustrate the enlightenment effect
during Bessel beam propagation in liquid scattering media. Practical significance. The acoustically induced
speckle contrast reduction observed in scattering media has practical
applications for transmitting optical images through scattering
environments, enhancing tomographic imaging depth, and enabling
optical communication in free space.
Simulating the influence of optical-system parameters on the error in determining the orientation and position of a fiducial marker
Authors: Shmatko Ekaterina V. , Sivov Nikita Yu. , Eremin Danil V. , Poroykov Anton Yu.
Published: December 2024

Subject of study. This study investigates the influence of optical-system parameters on the error in determining the orientation and position of fiducial markers. Aim of study. This study determines the dependencies of absolute error in position and orientation on various influencing factors. Method. The error in a machine-vision system is assessed based on fiducial markers using computer-image modeling in the Unity 3D graphics system. Main results. Over 100,000 images of AprilTag markers in different positions and orientations were synthesized and processed during the simulation. The results of this simulation yielded the dependencies of absolute position and orientation errors on the distance between the camera and marker, the rotation angle of the marker, and the focal lengths of the camera. Practical significance. The obtained results may be utilized to optimize the placement of markers on the platform, select the optimal video camera positions and lens focal lengths, and implement adjustments in the image-processing algorithm. These changes can improve measurement accuracy in systems used for developing orientation algorithms for microsatellites.
Super-resolution microscopy using the nonlinear behavior of fluorescent molecules
Authors: Temma Kenta
Published: December 2024

Fluorescence microscopy is an indispensable tool for observing biological samples due to its less invasiveness, target specificity, and single-molecule sensitivity. The development of super-resolution techniques such as stimulated emission depletion (STED) [1], single-molecule localization [2], and structured illumination microscopy (SIM) [3] have overcome the limitation in spatial resolution, expanding the capability for imaging with higher spatial resolution beyond the classical diffraction limit. However, most of the super-resolution techniques fully exhibit their resolving capability only near the surface of samples, due to the requirement of complex illumination patterns or single molecule detection. These techniques are often hampered by background light from out-of-focus or optical aberrations, making the observation of internal structure difficult, especially in thick samples.
Anomalous Measurement of Imbert-Fedorov Shift at Surface Plasmon Resonance
Authors: Olaya Cherrie May , Hayazawa Norihiko , Balgos Maria Herminia , Tanaka Takuo
Published: December 2024

The interaction of a real optical beam and a planar interface results in an apparent shift of the reflected beam with respect to the prediction of geometric optics. The reflected beam could be displaced along the optical axis, called Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift, or transverse to the optical axis, called Imbert-Fedorov (IF) shift [1,2]. GH shift arises from the diffraction corrections in the reflection coefficients while IF shift originates from the spin-orbit (SOI) interaction of photons due to the conservation of total angular momentum. IF shifts are typically observed under circularly polarized source or under 45° linearly polarized source which correspond to the eigenmode of the shift [3]. As such, upon excitation of surface plasmon resonance under p-polarized illumination, GH shifts occurs whereas no IF shift is expected. In our previous works [7], we demonstrated significant enhancement of GH shifts at the SPR region that agree well with theoretical calculations. In this work, however, we show a large anomalous IF shift measured at the SPR angle.
Generation of structured light beams on HOPS and HyPS using multiplexed holograms
Authors: Singh Sumit Kumar , Kinashi Kenji , Tsutsumi Naoto , Sakai Wataru , Jackin Boaz Jessie
Published: December 2024

Structured light beams, particularly those with vortices, are highly significant in various applications due to their unique properties. These beams are found to be used in optical trapping, optical communications, and optical computations. Structured light beams with vortices can be categorized into scalar vortices, characterized by uniform polarization distribution, and vector vortex beams, characterized by non-uniform polarization distribution. Vector vortex beams are typically created by combining a vortex beam with a certain topological charge (l1) and right circular polarization (RCP) with another vortex beam with a topological charge (l2) and left circular polarization (LCP).
Plasmonic nanowire based intracellular material delivery
Authors: Inose Tomoko
Published: December 2024

The technology for introducing biomolecules such as proteins and DNA into cells is widely used as a method to artificially control cell functions, ranging from basic biology to the pharmaceutical field. Methods employing liposomes, viral vectors, and the electroporation have been currently widely used, although these methods show low introduction efficiency or cell toxicity to some cell types. Another method for introducing biomolecules into cells is microinjection.1) This method physically introduces micro/nano needles directly into the cells, ensuring that biomolecules are reliably delivered within a cell.
Capillary-Interactions based Single-step and Scalable Fabrication of Gap-tuneable Plasmonic Nanostructures
Authors: Sahu Renu Raman , Ramasamy Alwar Samy , Gupta Tapajyoti Das
Published: December 2024

A scalable and single-step method (Fig 1a) exploiting capillary interactions (Fig 1b) for creating sub-100nm (Fig 1c, 1d) non-coalescent metallic(Ga) nanodroplets on Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), a bio-compatible elastomeric substrate, is shown herein. The nanoscale gap between Gallium nanodroplets thus formed allows for spectrally dependent electric field enhancement (Fig 1e), owing to plasmon hybridization of neighboring Ga nanodroplets. The substrate, PDMS, allows not only for gap tuneability but also actively participates in determining the Ga nanosphere sizes. It thus enables numerous potential technologies involving mechanochromic sensing (Fig 1f, 1g) and display applications (Fig 1h).
Self-Assembled Silicon Metasurface for Mechanically Tunable Optical Properties
Authors: Hu Yongan , Probst Patrick T. , Habil Mojtaba Karimi , Sugimoto Hiroshi , Fujii Minoru
Published: December 2024

The metasurface approach is an effective way to manipulate light at the nanoscale. Dielectric metasurfaces benefit from low losses as compared to their plasmonic counterpart, which comprises metal nanoparticles. Moreover, Mie-resonant dielectric metasurfaces support magnetic resonances in addition to electric ones. In a 2D array, the resonance from the individual nanoparticles interferes with the Rayleigh anomalies (RAs) of the periodic structure to produce a collective surface lattice resonance (SLR). In-situ control over this lattice resonance can be realized by employing external stimuli like mechanical deformation.[1] Due to its elastic, inert and nontoxic properties, PDMS is popular as stretchable substrate. Conventionally, 2D metasurface arrays are fabricated via electron beam lithography. Nevertheless, this method is time-consuming, requires expensive facilities and is challenging to combine with stretchable substrates.
Evaluating Single Event Effects in Radiation-Tolerant Chips Using Short-Pulse Laser
Authors: Hung Chien-Ping , Yu Shih-Bo , Li Jia-Han
Published: December 2024

Radiation-tolerant chips are essential for high-reliability applications in aerospace, military, and nuclear industries, as they withstand high radiation levels without performance degradation. Short pulse lasers are used to test these chips, offering high precision and the ability to simulate various radiation effects in a controlled setting, providing valuable insights into their performance and reliability.
Enhanced Red Emission in Europium-Doped Niobate Phosphors for High-Efficiency Warm White LEDs
Authors: Poria Kanishk , Deopa Nisha , Shahi Jangvir Singh
Published: December 2024

Rare-earth doped crystalline materials are of significant interest for photonic and optoelectronic applications, particularly in phosphor-converted white-light-emitting diodes (pc-WLEDs), which offer high brightness, energy efficiency, compact size, durability, and environmental friendliness. However, pc-WLEDs lack a red color component. To address this, europium-doped niobate-based phosphors were synthesized using a high-temperature solid-state reaction technique at 1300°C[1].
Magnetic brightening and its dynamics of defect-localized excitons in monolayer WSe2
Authors: Xiang Yubei , Shinokita Keisuke , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Matsuda Kazunari
Published: December 2024

Quantum light sources, in particular solid-states single-photon emitters have attracted considerable attention due to their crucial roles in the field of quantum information technologies. Recently, defects in two-dimensional monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides, such as tungsten diselenide (WSe2), have been demonstrated to be promising candidates for stable and bright quantum light sources [1,2]. However, the external controllability of single-photon emission has not been fully understood.
Exciton-driven Floquet-Bloch States in 2D Semiconductors
Authors: Pareek Vivek , Bacon David , Zhu Xing , Chan Yang-Hao , Bussolotti Fabio , Chan Nicholas S , Urquizo Joel Pérez , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Man Michael K. L. , Madéo Julien , Qiu Diana , Goh Kuan Eng Johnson , da Jornada Felipe H. , Dani Keshav M.
Published: December 2024

Floquet engineering, in which a temporal periodic drive breaks the continuous temporal symmetry and dynamically engineers the electronic structure, has attracted enormous attention in condensed matter physics. However, only a handful of studies have experimentally demonstrated Floquet effects driven by optical fields [5,6]. In this talk, we will discuss the experimental observation of the Floquet-Bloch states induced by the excitons in 2D semiconductors.
Diffraction-based on-chip optical neural network with high computational density
Authors: Liu Wencan , Huang Yuyao , Sun Run , Fu Tingzhao , Chen Hongwei
Published: December 2024

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence has led to substantial progress in various fields with deep neural networks (DNNs). However, complex tasks often require increasing power consumption and greater resources of electronics. On-chip optical neural networks (ONNs) are increasingly recognized for their power efficiency, wide bandwidth, and capability for light-speed parallel processing. In our previous work [1], we proposed on-chip diffractive optical neural networks (DONNs) to offer the potential to map a larger number of neurons and connections onto optics. To further improve the computational density and integration level, we proposed ultra-compact DONNs designed with the structure re-parameterization algorithm [2] and experimentally verified their performance [3], which increased the computational density by more than an order of magnitude.
Highly efficient and aberration-corrected spectrometer and monochromator for extreme ultraviolet high harmonic light source
Authors: Li Jie , Xu Hao , Li Kui , Wang Yutong , Tang Jiyue , Ma Yongjun , Li Ruixuan , Niu Jin , Zhang Guangyin , Ke Changjun , Fan Zhongwei
Published: December 2024

The unique EUV and soft X-ray light sources based on high harmonic generation have been successfully utilized for probing femtosecond-to-attosecond dynamics in atomic, molecular, and solid-state systems in the EUV and soft X-ray spectral regions. However, due to the relatively low conversion efficiency of the high harmonic generation process, the applicability of these sources has been predominantly limited to spectroscopy, where fewer photons are required. Here, we report on the development of a spectrometer optimized for EUV light sources to address the low throughput efficiency over a broad spectral range, and to achieve a tunable, monochromic, aberration-free mode of operation. Our approach combines high efficiency, high spectral resolution, broad spectral range, and polarization-maintaining at the same time. This simple design is also cost-effective and easy to use for a vast range of EUV and soft X-ray wavelengths.
Self-assembly of dopant molecules on MoS2 monolayer for degeneracy/heavily doping
Authors: Jain Puneet , Yotsuya Shotaro , Nagashio Kosuke , Kiriya Daisuke
Published: December 2024

Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are class of materials with general formula MX2, where M is transition metal element from group IV, V, and VI (Mo, W, etc.); while X is chalcogen (S, Se, or Te). As the thickness of TMD decreases from bulk to monolayer, 2D TMDs exhibits a series of specific properties. Among all TMDs, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is one of the few with a natural layered structure, indicating that MoS2 can be stripped easily using scotch tape, to obtain high-quality MoS2 monolayer, without complicated chemical synthesis. MoS2 monolayer is an emergent semiconductor having a direct bandgap of 2.4 eV, and has potential applications in nanoelectronics, optoelectronics, and flexible electronics, etc.1)
Temperature Dependence Analysis for β-Ga2O3 Studied by Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy
Authors: Liu Shuang , Agulto Verdad C. , Iwamoto Toshiyuki , Kato Kosaku , Murakami Hisashi , Kumagai Yoshinao , Yoshimura Masashi , Nakajima Makoto
Published: December 2024

In recent years, beta-gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3) has attracted attention as an emerging ultrawide-bandgap semiconductor material. For β-Ga2O3 semiconductor application, it requires a thorough study of its temperature dependence to determine its performance under multiple temperature environments. THz-TDS is a powerful technique [1-5] for accurately measuring the refractive index of semiconductors. By analyzing the transmitted THz field, we can calculate the refractive index of the sample in the THz region. Subsequently, the obtained data can be fitted with the Drude-Lorentz model to analyze the transport properties of the material. This study aims to provide valuable insights into the study of β-Ga2O3, which is essential for advancing its application prospects in various fields.
Terahertz micrometer-scale imaging based on spintronic emitters
Authors: Dai Ruochen , Isosaki Shinya , Zhang Jiaming , Kato Kosaku , Agulto Verdad C. , Nishitani Shojiro , Nishitani Mikihiko , Yoshimura Masashi , Nakajima Makoto
Published: December 2024

In recent years, the terahertz (THz, 0.1–10 THz) region has attracted significant research attention, which can be exploited for nondestructive applications such as biomedical, materials inspection, and security [1-3]. Therefore, high spatial resolution imaging at THz region of interest is a highly desirable capability in imaging applications. Due to the Abbe diffraction limit, the minimum spatial resolution of microscopy at a given wavelength is λ/2. For imaging in the THz band, this limit is on the order of hundreds of microns. To go beyond this limit, we propose in this study a THz imaging method in which the object is set directly on top of a spintronic THz emitter (STE) made of ferromagnetic/non-magnetic heterojunction, which emits a terahertz signal with a peak frequency of 1THz. A femtosecond laser beam to excite an STE can be focused into a spot size with a diameter of a few microns. Therefore, the excited THz radiation is confined in a few microns just above the STE, which enables the micrometer-scale imaging of an object on top of the STE. Our results demonstrate a spatial resolution of 2.5 μm, below λ/100 for 1 THz.
Silicon Waveguide Output Coupler Based on Nanohole Array
Authors: Chung Ya-Cin , Shih Min-Hsiung , Chang Shu-Wei , Tsai Wan-Shao
Published: December 2024

Silicon waveguide output couplers based on nanohole array structures is presented around 1550 nm [1]. Compared with conventional grating couplers on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platforms, the presented coupler shows less fabrication complexity since only one-step etching is required in both waveguide and coupler regions.
Unidirectional plasmons propagation
Authors: Yoshida Subaru , Li Tongyao , Umakoshi Takayuki , Verma Prabhat
Published: December 2024

To excite surface plasmons efficiently, the surface plasmons must receive energy from incident light, in which conservation of momentum must be satisfied between light propagating in free space and the surface plasmons. However, the momentum of light propagating through air never matches the momentum of surface plasmons. One solution is to use a grating as a plasmon coupler. This allows the momentum of the incident light to match the momentum of the surface plasmons for efficient surface plasmon excitation. However, in this method, the direction of propagation of surface plasmons cannot be controlled due to the diffraction.
Enhancing SERS Sensor Reliability with Intensity-Based Self-Referencing Using 4-Amino Thiophenol
Authors: Yadav Arti , Srivastava Sachin Kumar
Published: December 2024

The performance parameters such as limit of detection, and dynamic range of a surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-based sensor are limited by laser power, integration time of the detector of the spectrometer (IntT), and ambient conditions [1]. The intensity-based self-referencing mechanism offers an innovative solution, providing independence of sensor performance on these factors. Integration of 4-Amino thiophenol (4-ATP) as a self-referenced layer with SERS sensor offers the advantage of independence of Raman signal on the laser power, integration time, or ambient conditions.
Real-time movies of photo-induced azo-polymer motions obtained by high-speed atomic force microscopy
Authors: Yang Keishi , Chan Feng-Yueh , Inouye Yasushi , Verma Prabhat , Uchihashi Takayuki , Ishitobi Hidekazu , Umakoshi Takayuki
Published: December 2024

Azo-polymer thin film, containing azo-benzene molecules, forms unique surface reliefs due to photoisomerization reaction under light irradiation [1]. It has been considered to be a promising material for various optical application. In addition, the formation of complex reliefs by optical vortex and skyrmion has recently attracted much attention in topological and quantum optics [2]. In previous, the formation process of azo-polymer has been studied by observing distinct deformed structures at different irradiation times using atomic force microscopy (AFM). To reveal the formation mechanisms, real-time nanoscale visualization of the azo-polymer deformation process is highly desirable.
Optimizing Spontaneous Parametric Down Conversion in Metasurfaces with Inverse Design
Authors: Cai Marcus , Li Neuton , Fan Tongmiao , Zhang Jihua , Ma Jinyong , Neshev Dragomir N. , Sukhorukov Andrey A.
Published: December 2024

Spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) is one of the most versatile techniques for the generation of correlated photon pair, whose quantum state is essential for photon entanglement that underpins many quantum applications like secure communication, quantum metrology and lithography and quantum imaging [1]. Inverse design of effective SPDC has been achieved by structured crystals with shaped pump beams [2]. Another popular platform for SPDC is nanofabricated structures with sub-wavelength thickness called metasurfaces, as they could achieve drastic enhancement of nonlinear light-matter interactions [3]. There remains the possibility to use inverse design to optimize metasurfaces for SPDC.
James C. Wyant, A Scholar and a Gentleman
Authors: Mahajan Virendra N.
Published: December 2024

Professor James C. Wyant, was the epitome of a scholar and a gentleman. He possessed extraordinary technical skills, demonstrated exemplary leadership, and displayed monumental philanthropy. He received Ives Medal and Quinn Prize of Optica and the Gold Medal of SPIE, and was president of these societies.
Simplifying Photon Detection and Analysis with Swabian Instruments’ Time Taggers
Authors: Perera-González Mireia , Moioli Matteo , Mornacchi Edoardo , Kolarczik Mirco
Published: December 2024

Swabian Instruments' Time Taggers significantly advance photonics research through their picosecond resolution, ultra-low jitter, versatile multi-channel capabilities, and innovative software architecture. These features enhance the precision and efficiency of Photon Number Resolution (PNR) experiments.
Direction Curvature Laser Sensor Based On Supermodal Interference In a Seven-Core Fiber
Authors: Martínez-De-León A. L. , Roque-Mata A. K. , Alonso-Cruz J. R. , Amezcua-Correa R. , Antonio-Lopez J. E. , Salceda-Delgado G.
Published: December 2024

A laser sensor for direction bending measurement is presented. It is based on a seven-core fiber (SCF) Mach-Zehnder interferometer in a laser cavity. Wavelength and intensity changes determine the magnitude and direction of bending, respectively.
Differences between InGaN solar cells graded
Authors: Martínez-Revuelta Rubén , Solís-Cisneros Horacio I. , Fong-González Ariel , Camas-Anzueto Jorge L. , Grajales-Coutiño Rubén
Published: December 2024

Using a finite element numerical calculation software (SILVACO), were made simulations for InxGa1−xN solar cells with graduated absorbent layers with Indium mole fractions ranging from 10% to 50%, with an increase of 10% for each simulation.
Quantum Random Light and the Quantum Gaussian-Schell Model
Authors: Dawkins Riley B. , Hong Mingyuan , You Chenglong , Magaña-Loaiza Omar S.
Published: December 2024

We present a novel scheme, utilizing inherent complex-Gaussian statistics, for quantizing a random, partially-coherent light source. This theory is then experimentally verified by studying the surprising quantum correlations between this classical, macroscopic source’s multiphoton subsystems.
Slowing the Maturation and Wrinkling of Candida tropicalis Colonies with Methylene Blue Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Conde-Cuatzo M Gloria , Salazar-Morales Mayra F. , Spezzia-Mazzocco Teresita
Published: December 2024

Candida can cause opportunistic infections. This study investigates photodynamic therapy (PDT) with methylene blue (MB) on Candida tropicalis, showing it slows colony maturation and wrinkling, suggesting its potential as an alternative treatment amid rising antifungal resistance.
Estimation of Molecular Dissociation Energies of Organic Solvents Using a Supercontinuum Source with 53% of Degree of Polarization
Authors: Martínez-Suárez D. H. , Steinberg D. , Saito L. A. M. , Thoroh de Souza E. A. , Zapata J. D.
Published: December 2024

Applying Infrared Spectroscopy, dissociation energies of the CH, CC and OH molecular bonds of acetone and isopropanol were obtained using a 1 − 5 µm broadband supercontinuum source, as originated from 40 cm highly nonlinear fiber.
Laser Tuning Based On the Angle Position Of a Microfiber Mach-Zehnder Interferometer
Authors: Salceda-Delgado G. , Martinez-Rios A. , Enriquez.Gomez L. F.
Published: December 2024

A tunable optical fiber laser is presented. It is based on the bending of an optical microfiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer. The laser emissions can be tuned by factors around 0.405 nm/° via bending the interferometer.
Direct measurement of the polarimetric parameters of a retarder with diattenuation and depolarization
Authors: Bruce Neil C. , Ulloa-Peña Efren , Rosete-Aguilar Martha , Rodríguez-Herrera Oscar G. , Flores Luis Muñoz
Published: December 2024

A method is presented to measure the polarimetric parameters, including depolarization, for a retarder with diattenuation. The method calculates the values of the diattenuation, retardance, the axes of the sample, as well as its depolarization.
Generation of Partially Coherent Sources with Circular Coherence Using a Digital Micro-Mirror Device
Authors: Moreno-Acosta Pedro , Rickenstorff-Parrao Carolina , Ramirez-San-Juan Julio C , Ramos-Garcia Rubén
Published: December 2024

Partially coherent Besinc pseudo-Schell model sources are generated, for first time, by means of their pseudo mode representation. Pseudo modes are encoded and displayed on a DMD. Self-focusing property and circular coherence are observed.
The Evergreen Tree: James C. Wyant Connecting Dots
Authors: Kim Daewook
Published: December 2024

Professor James C. Wyant, founding dean of the Wyant College of Optical Sciences at the University of Arizona, passed away on Dec. 8, 2023, at 80. He profoundly impacted the international optics community and inspired many.
A Polymer-coated Mach-Zehnder based on NZ-DSF to improve curvature sensitivity
Authors: Martinez-Ramirez Laura G. , Hernández-Romano Iván , Guzmán-Cano Cipriano , Marrujo-García Sigifredo , Fernandez-Jaramillo Arturo A. , Gallegos-Arellano Eloisa , Rojas-Laguna Roberto , Sierra-Hernandez Juan M.
Published: December 2024

Here, we propose an in-line fiber optic Mach Zehnder interferometer for measuring curvature based on non-zero dispersion-shifted fiber (NZ-DSF), a waist-enlarged technique, and a polymer. It was observed that curvature sensitivity increased to 7.01 nm/m-1.
Effects on Weed Plants caused by IR-Laser Radiation as a Growth-Control Method
Authors: Leon-Zenteno Andres , Gutiérrez-Miceli Federico Antonio , Camas-Anzueto Jorge Luis , Mota-Grajales Rafael , Perez-Patricio Madain , Gomez-Perez Joel , Joya-Davila Jose Gregorio
Published: December 2024

laser as a weed-control method is studied widely. Investigations around this subject are important. In this study, weed plants were irradiated with IR-CO2-laser, and the effects were analyzed. Optimal power and time values were evaluated.
Design and realization of beamforming optics for short-distance free-space optical (FSO) communications
Authors: Barrón Rebeca Baltazar , Gutiérrez-Martínez Celso , Torres-Fórtiz J. Alfredo , Meza-Pérez Jacobo
Published: December 2024

Beamforming optics for short distance FSO links is designed and laboratory tested. The transmitting optics is designed to collimate a diverging laser beam. The receiving optics concentrates light in a fiber-pigtailed photodetector. Results are reported.
Chromatic dispersion effects by sub-100 fs pulses on a non-linear confocal positioner based on a GaP photodiode
Authors: Delgado-Aguillon J. , Ruiz Camilo , Rosete-Aguilar M. , García-García Enrique , Méndez Cruz , Garduño-Mejia J.
Published: December 2024

A nonlinear confocal positioning system was implemented for a ti:sapphire laser, where chromatic dispersion plays an important role for pulses below 100 fs. We use an astigmatic positioning system to characterize the chromatic aberration introduced.
Optical characterization of a reverse geometry contact lens
Authors: Martín Isaías Rodriguez-Rodriguez , Carla Velázquez-Velasco , Johana Yadira Diego-Hernández , Itzel Muñoz-Juárez , de la Cruz Marcela López , Carmen Bates-Souza Mary , Rafael Izazaga-Pérez , Daniel Aguirre-Aguirre , Brian Vohnsen , Rufino Díaz-Uribe
Published: December 2024

The radius of curvature of each surface of a reverse geometry contact lens (RGCL) as a first quantitative characterization is reported. The convex surface is measured with a TOCO topographer, the concave with a ZYGO interferometer.
Development of Tools for Bubble Characterization in Microfluidic Systems Using Intelligent Vision System
Authors: Gomes Antonio Arleques , Nario Arian P. , da Silva E. Drigo , Samad Ricardo E. , de Rossi Wagner
Published: December 2024

We present the first results in the development and validation of tools for analyzing speed, size and quantity of bubbles in gas-liquid two-phase flow in microfluidic mixers, using an intelligent image capture system.
Self-powered depth-sensing surfaces
Authors: Jiang Brian , Datta Shamik , Ngo Huan T. , Yang Zhenming , Mesforush Shaghayegh , Arjomandbigdeli Tara , Fuentes-Hernandez Canek
Published: December 2024

High-power and privacy concerns of current depth perception technologies limit their general use in many applications. We present an approach to achieve self-powered depth sensors based on distributed photodiode networks with a limited field-of-view.
Non-Interaction of Waves (NIW): Consequences in interpreting the various physics phenomena
Authors: Roychoudhuri Chandrasekhar
Published: December 2024

Superposition Principle cannot become manifest without the action of a detector. This has serious consequences in interpreting many classical and quantum physics phenomena. We present examples of prevailing incongruent interpretations in classical and quantum optics.
Superficial Modification of Optical Sensors to Improve Refractometric Response
Authors: Serrano-Arévalo Karla Ivonne , Rodríguez-Sevilla Erika , Alonso-Murias Monserrat , Monzón-Hernández David , Pérez-Aguilar Héctor
Published: December 2024

In this study, we present a simple approach to enhance the refractive index response of a multi-modal interferometric device using graphene oxide and gold nanorods as sensitive nanomaterials in a hetero-core structure.
Carbon Quantum Dots as Sensors of Bifenthrin and Abamectin in Water Samples
Authors: Cázares-Hernández Rosaura , Rodríguez B.A.G. , Cerecedo-Núñez H.H.
Published: December 2024

The present work explores the viability of using carbon quantum dots derived from table sugar as an optical sensor for residues of agrochemicals commonly used in crops, specifically bifenthrin and abamectin.
High-efficiency, cryogenic-compatible grating couplers on an AlN-on-sapphire platform through bottom-side coupling
Authors: Zhou Yiyu , Shen Mohan , Li Chunzhen , Yang Likai , Xie Jiacheng , Tang Hong X.
Published: December 2024

Sapphire is a commonly used substrate for wide-bandgap III-nitride photonic materials. However, its relatively high refractive index results in low transmission efficiency in grating couplers. Here, we propose and demonstrate that the transmission efficiency can be significantly enhanced by bottom-side coupling. A metal reflector is deposited on the top side of the chip, and the fiber array is glued to the bottom side of the substrate. We experimentally achieve a transmission efficiency as high as 42% per coupler on an aluminum nitride (AlN) on a sapphire platform at the telecom wavelength. In addition, the grating couplers show a robust performance at a cryogenic temperature as low as 3 K for both transverse-electric (TE) and transverse-magnetic (TM) modes. Our results can be useful to a wide range of sapphire-based applications that require low coupling loss and cryogenic operation.
Potassium dose and nutritional diagnosis of virus-free garlic
Authors: Paviani Angela Cristina , Feltrim Anderson Luiz , Wamser Anderson Fernando , Rozane Danilo Eduardo , Wolschick Neuro Hilton , Hahn Leandro
Published: December 2024

Potassium (K) fertilizer application in garlic (Allium sativum L) is commonly based on current cultivars that are normally infected with phytopathogenic viruses. Garlic are being developed using meristem culture, but methods for K diagnosis in this type of garlic need to be validated. The objective was to evaluate methods for diagnosing nutritional status of virus-free garlic as a result of K doses through use of a specific K+ meter in soil solution and foliar sap, and to determine foliar K content and its relationship with yield and quality of bulbs. Treatments consisted of K2O doses: 0, 50, 100, 250 or 500 kg ha-1 established in 5 separate locations. In all locations, K2O was applied in a single dose, before planting and incorporated in the 0-0.2 m layer. Response of garlic to K fertilization was low, with marketable yield being significant at a single location, with the highest marketable yield associated with 309 kg ha-1 of K2O. The K content of the soil solution and the K in the foliar sap increased with application of increasing K dose. Due to the low response of marketable yield of garlic to K fertilization, technologies of nutritional diagnosis of K was not efficient. Therefore, future studies should focus on different soil K concentrations to validate the sensibility of these technologies.