bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Species Delimitation in Sciadocladus (Pterobryellaceae, Bryophyta)
Authors: SÁNCHEZ-GANFORNINA DIEGO , BELL NEIL E.
Published: December 2023

Sciadocladus is a distinctive genus of large dendroid mosses restricted to New Zealand, New Caledonia and the Solomon Islands. Of the two extant species, S. kerrii is endemic to New Zealand, while S. menziesii is found in New Zealand, New Caledonia and the Solomon Islands. Populations of S. menziesii from New Caledonia and the Solomons have been recognised as subspecies splendidum, distinct from the New Zealand populations.
Given the geographical isolation of the two subspecies of S. menziesii, we hypothesised that the endemic S. kerrii could have arisen in situ in New Zealand through speciation from S. menziesii subsp. menziesii. This would make these two taxa more closely related to each other than S. menziesii subsp. menziesii is to S. menziesii subsp. splendidum, challenging the species concept of S. menziesii. We tested this hypothesis by conducting a phylogenetic analysis of molecular data from multiple exemplars of Sciadocladus, including material from both New Zealand and New Caledonia. The results show all specimens of S. menziesii strongly supported as monophyletic, sister to a clade comprising S. kerrii specimens, thus rejecting the hypothesis and corroborating the established taxonomy. Implications for interpretation of the phylogeographic history of the genus are discussed.
Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverwort and Hornwort names published 2021−2022
Authors: SÖDERSTRÖM LARS , HAGBORG ANDERS , KONRAT MATT VON
Published: December 2023

Centralization and standardization of biodiversity data increases accessibility and can lead to the development of checklists and other resources as powerful and important tools for taxonomy and conservation. The publication of new liverwort and hornwort names remains vastly scattered across dozens of journals. Thus we continue the longstanding index series of published names of liverworts and hornworts with 2021 and 2022. The list herein includes the following: six higher taxon names, 15 generic names, 81 infrageneric names, 187 specific names, 32 infraspecific names, three infrageneric autonyms and 13 infraspecific autonyms. Among them are 24 names of fossils as well as six illegitimate and 64 invalid names. Six older names omitted in the earlier indices are included.
Understanding the Spatiotemporal Variability of Tropical Orographic Rainfall Using Convective Plume Buoyancy
Authors: Nicolas Quentin , Boos William R.
Published: December 2023

Mechanical forcing by orography affects precipitating convection across many tropical regions, but controls on the intensity and horizontal extent of the orographic precipitation peak and rain shadow remain poorly understood. A recent theory explains this control of precipitation as arising from modulation of lower-tropospheric temperature and moisture by orographic mechanical forcing, setting the distribution of convective rainfall by controlling parcel buoyancy. Using satellite and reanalysis data, we evaluate this theory by investigating spatiotemporal precipitation variations in six mountainous tropical regions spanning South and Southeast Asia, and the Maritime Continent. We show that a strong relationship holds in these regions between daily precipitation and a measure of convective plume buoyancy. This measure depends on boundary layer thermodynamic properties and lower-free-tropospheric moisture and temperature. Consistent with the theory, temporal variations in lower-free-tropospheric temperature are primarily modulated by orographic mechanical lifting through changes in cross-slope wind speed. However, winds directed along background horizontal moisture gradients also influence lower-tropospheric moisture variations in some regions. The buoyancy measure is also shown to explain many aspects of the spatial patterns of precipitation. Finally, we present a linear model with two horizontal dimensions that combines mountain wave dynamics with a linearized closure exploiting the relationship between precipitation and plume buoyancy. In some regions, this model skillfully captures the spatial structure and intensity of rainfall; it underestimates rainfall in regions where time-mean ascent in large-scale convergence zones shapes lower-tropospheric humidity. Overall, these results provide new understanding of fundamental processes controlling subseasonal and spatial variations in tropical orographic precipitation.
Developmental trajectories and cooperating genomic events define molecular subtypes of BCR::ABL1-positive ALL
Authors: Bastian Lorenz , Beder Thomas , Barz Malwine J. , Bendig Sonja , Bartsch Lorenz , Walter Wencke , Wolgast Nadine , Brändl Björn , Rohrandt Christian , Hansen Björn-Thore , Hartmann Alina M. , Iben Katharina , Das Gupta Dennis , Denker Miriam , Zimmermann Johannes , Wittig Michael , Chitadze Guranda , Neumann Martin , Schneller Folker , Fiedler Walter , Steffen Björn , Stelljes Matthias , Faul Christoph , Schwartz Stefan , Müller Franz-Josef , Cario Gunnar , Harder Lana , Haferlach Claudia , Pfeifer Heike , Gökbuget Nicola , Brüggemann Monika , Baldus Claudia D.
Published: December 2023

Distinct diagnostic entities within BCR::ABL1-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are currently defined by the International Consensus Classification of myeloid neoplasms and acute leukemias (ICC): “lymphoid only”, with BCR::ABL1 observed exclusively in lymphatic precursors, vs “multilineage”, where BCR::ABL1 is also present in other hematopoietic lineages. Here, we analyzed transcriptomes of 327 BCR::ABL1-positive patients with ALL (age, 2-84 years; median, 46 years) and identified 2 main gene expression clusters reproducible across 4 independent patient cohorts. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of fluorescence-activated cell-sorted hematopoietic compartments showed distinct BCR::ABL1 involvement in myeloid cells for these clusters (n = 18/18 vs n = 3/16 patients; P < .001), indicating that a multilineage or lymphoid BCR::ABL1 subtype can be inferred from gene expression. Further subclusters grouped samples according to cooperating genomic events (multilineage: HBS1L deletion or monosomy 7; lymphoid: IKZF1-/- or CDKN2A/PAX5 deletions/hyperdiploidy). A novel HSB1L transcript was highly specific for BCR::ABL1 multilineage cases independent of HBS1L genomic aberrations. Treatment on current German Multicenter Study Group for Adult ALL (GMALL) protocols resulted in comparable disease-free survival (DFS) for multilineage vs lymphoid cluster patients (3-year DFS: 70% vs 61%; P = .530; n = 91). However, the IKZF1-/- enriched lymphoid subcluster was associated with inferior DFS, whereas hyperdiploid cases showed a superior outcome. Thus, gene expression clusters define underlying developmental trajectories and distinct patterns of cooperating events in BCR::ABL1-positive ALL with prognostic relevance.
Adrenal cortical adenoma arising in the setting of renal–adrenal fusion: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Wang Samuel R. , Morris Richard , Taraif Suad , Aneja Amandeep
Published: December 2023

Background

Renal–adrenal fusion is a rare entity resulting from incomplete encapsulation of the adrenal gland and kidney. Only 18 cases have been reported in English literature to date.

Case presentation

Our patient is a 77-year-old African American female who presented with a systolic blood pressure of 200 mmHg. Computed tomography showed an enhancing 9 × 6 cm mass anterior and medial to the left kidney. The patient underwent a left adrenalectomy with partial nephrectomy. Gross and histologic examinations revealed an adrenal cortical adenoma and renal–adrenal fusion.

Conclusion

Renal–adrenal fusion may pose a diagnostic challenge, particularly when there is a concurrent adrenal adenoma. It is important to be aware of this uncommon anomaly to avoid misdiagnosis and overtreatment.
Structure-Function Analysis of p57KIP2 in the Human Pancreatic Beta Cell Reveals a Bipartite Nuclear Localization Signal
Authors: Choleva Lauryn , Wang Peng , Liu Hongtao , Wood Olivia , Lambertini Luca , Scott Donald K , Karakose Esra , Stewart Andrew F
Published: December 2023

Mutations in CDKN1C, encoding p57KIP2, a canonical cell cycle inhibitor, underlie multiple pediatric endocrine syndromes. Despite this central role in disease, little is known about the structure and function of p57KIP2 in the human pancreatic beta cell. Since p57KIP2 is predominantly nuclear in human beta cells, we hypothesized that disease-causing mutations in its nuclear localization sequence (NLS) may correlate with abnormal phenotypes. We prepared RIP1 insulin promoter-driven adenoviruses encoding deletions of multiple disease-associated but unexplored regions of p57KIP2 and performed a comprehensive structure-function analysis of CDKN1C/p57KIP2. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoblot analyses confirmed p57KIP2 overexpression, construct size, and beta cell specificity. By immunocytochemistry, wild-type (WT) p57KIP2 displayed nuclear localization. In contrast, deletion of a putative NLS at amino acids 278–281 failed to access the nucleus. Unexpectedly, we identified a second downstream NLS at amino acids 312–316. Further analysis showed that each individual NLS is required for nuclear localization, but neither alone is sufficient. In summary, p57KIP2 contains a classical bipartite NLS characterized by 2 clusters of positively charged amino acids separated by a proline-rich linker region. Variants in the sequences encoding these 2 NLS sequences account for functional p57KIP2 loss and beta cell expansion seen in human disease.
Strategic Masochism
Authors: Perat Katja
Published: December 2023

This essay examines how Stanisław Lem mobilizes the genre of science fiction to portray regional Central European concerns as structural conditions of semiperiphery. The essay centers on Lem’s interest in illegibility, which defines him as a novelist and a critic, showing how his argument against the US monopoly within the genre of science fiction is reflected in his novels. Focusing on Lem’s paralleling of female masochism and epistemological critique, the essay reads Solaris as a novel invested in inspecting the interrelatedness of systems of oppression.
Postoperative Complications After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Versus Upfront Surgery in Gastric Adenocarcinoma: A Population-Based Nationwide Study in Finland
Authors: Putila Emilia , Helminen Olli , Helmiö Mika , Huhta Heikki , Jalkanen Aapo , Kallio Raija , Koivukangas Vesa , Kokkola Arto , Laine Simo , Lietzen Elina , Louhimo Johanna , Meriläinen Sanna , Pohjanen Vesa-Matti , Rantanen Tuomo , Junttila Anna , Ristimäki Ari , Räsänen Jari V. , Saarnio Juha , Sihvo Eero , Toikkanen Vesa , Tyrväinen Tuula , Valtola Antti , Kauppila Joonas H. ,   the FINEGO Group
Published: December 2023

Background

To date, no large population-based studies have compared complications and short-term outcomes between neoadjuvant chemotherapy and upfront surgery in gastric cancer. More nationwide studies with standardized reporting on complications are needed to enable international comparison between studies. This study aimed to compare postoperative complications between neoadjuvant therapy and upfront surgery after gastrectomy for gastric adenocarcinoma in a population-based setting.

Methods

This population-based study based on the Finnish National Esophago-Gastric Cancer Cohort included all patients 18 years of age or older undergoing gastrectomy for gastric adenocarcinoma in Finland during 2005–2016. Logistic regression provided odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), both crude and adjusted for key confounders. Different types of complications were graded based on the Esophagectomy Complications Consensus Group definitions, and major complications were assessed by the Clavien-Dindo scale.

Results

This study analyzed 769 patients. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy did not increase major postoperative complications after gastrectomy for gastric cancer compared with upfront surgery (OR, 1.12; 95% CI 0.81–1.56). Furthermore, it did not increase pneumonia, anastomotic complications, wound complications, or other complications.

Conclusions

Neoadjuvant therapy is not associated with increased postoperative complications, reoperations, or short-term mortality compared with upfront surgery in gastric adenocarcinoma.
Competing to Commit: Markets with Rational Inattention
Authors: Cusumano Carlo M. , Fabbri Francesco , Pieroth Ferdinand
Published: December 2023

Two homogeneous-good firms compete for a consumer’s unitary demand. The consumer is rationally inattentive and pays entropy costs to process information about firms’ offers. Compared to a collusion benchmark, competition produces two effects. As in standard models, competition puts downward pressure on prices. But, additionally, an attention effect arises: the consumer engages in trade more often. This alleviates the commitment problem that firms have when facing inattentive consumers and increases trade efficiency. For high enough attention costs, the attention effect dominates the effect on prices: firms’ profits are higher under competition than under collusion. (JEL D11, D21, D43, D83, L12)
Association of the GHRd3 polymorphism with adult height and type 2 diabetes in a Saudi Arabian population from Jazan Province: A case-control study
Authors: Al-hakami Reham G. , Mashraqi Alaa Y. , Shannaq Rola Ali Atiah , Alshaikh Nalah A. , Kaabi Yahia A.
Published: December 2023

Objectives: This study investigated the association of the GHRd3 polymorphism with height and type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: This case-control study included a total of 284 participants, divided into healthy controls (n = 142) and patients with T2DM (n = 142), recruited from Jazan University Hospital, southwest of Saudi Arabia in the period between January to September 2022. The GHRd3 polymorphism was genotyped using multiplex PCR. The correlation between height and genotypes was analyzed using one-way analysis of variance. The association between GHRd3 polymorphism and T2DM was assessed using logistic regression analysis.

Results: The data showed a significant difference between the means of heights associated with each GHRd3 genotype, flfl, fld3, and d3d3. Logistic regression analysis showed no association between GHRd3 variants and T2DM.

Conclusion: Homozygous GHRd3 polymorphism carriers, d3d3 genotype, were taller than fld3 or flfl carriers in our population. None of the GHRd3 variants were associated with T2DM. Thus, the GHRd3 polymorphism has growth-related actions with a minor contribution to T2DM. However, more studies with a larger sample size are required to confirm these findings.

doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.7686

How to cite this: Al-hakami RG, Mashraqi AY, Shannaq RAA, Kaabi YA. Association of the GHRd3 polymorphism with adult height and type 2 diabetes in a Saudi Arabian population from Jazan Province: A case-control study. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(3):308-312.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.7686

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Online system for analyzing currents in the upper ionosphere according to Swarm satellite data
Authors: Belov Ivan , Soloviev Anatoly , Pilipenko Vyacheslav , Dobrovolskiy Mikhail , Bogoutdinov Shamil , Kalinkin Kirill
Published: December 2023

In this paper, we describe the TeslaSwarm online system [http://aleph.gcras.ru/teslaswarm] for visualizing field-aligned currents in the upper ionosphere, using data from Swarm low-orbit satellites. The system provides researchers with a simple and convenient tool for event selection and detailed analysis of currents and electromagnetic fields in the upper ionosphere. The system user can select satellite passages over a given region, visualize the geomagnetic field structure and field-aligned currents, compare the pattern of field-aligned currents with the auroral particle precipitation map, using the OVATION-Prime model, and save the selected parameters in a file in text format. We demonstrate advantages of the developed system over its foreign analogues. In practice, the collection and pre-processing of raw data for experiments make up about 80 % of all work with data. The proposed online system largely saves the user from the most time-consuming work of choosing the required satellite passage segments and calculating the characteristics of interest from raw measurements.
Reviewing the current treatment approaches for vitiligo – analysis of literature
Authors: Ślusarczyk Daniel , Żmuda Bartłomiej , Jakubowska Wiktoria , Pisera Piotr , Kiełkowicz Aleksandra , Popińska Zuzanna , Pactwa Filip , Żuberek Michał
Published: December 2023

Introduction:

Vitiligo is a relatively common systemic, idiopathic disease within the spectrum of pigmentary disorders. Clinically, it presents as depigmented patches on the skin, resulting from the loss or dysfunction of melanocytes. Despite not impacting life expectancy, vitiligo should not be perceived merely as a cosmetic defect, given its potential to burden daily life and the frequent experiences of stigmatization by patients.

Aim of the study:

The aim of this study was to summarize the existing knowledge regarding the treatment of vitiligo. The current treatments in practice, alongside potential new methods, were summarized and described.

Materials and methods:

The literature available in the PubMed database was reviewed using the following keywords: “Vitiligo”, “Vitiligo treatment”, “Vitiligo new treatment methods”, “Targeted therapies for vitiligo”.

Conclusions:

Vitiligo is a multifactorial and still inadequately understood disorder, leading to a lack of fully safe and effective treatment. As in the management of other diseases, there should be a push for highly personalized treatments for patients. This approach takes into account the differences among patients and ensures a better chance of a positive clinical response. To achieve this goal, it's necessary to explore new treatment methods and expand ongoing research efforts. Also, raising awareness of vitiligo is key to increasing acceptance, support and understanding for those affected by the disease.
Information systems project management practice in Portugal - looking at the past to perspective the future
Authors: Takagi Nilton , Oliveira Carlos Ueslei Rodrigues de , Escobar Fernando , Trigo António , Rodrigues Luis Silva
Published: December 2023

The study of Information Systems Project Management (ISPM) practice is fundamental for developing knowledge in this field. Over the past few years, several studies have been conducted in organizations by professionals and academics to identify approaches, processes, tools, and techniques, among other relevant aspects of project management practice. The use of these practices can be related to various factors, such as trends in the world of work or even the cultural context. In this way, an insight into the context of a given region can support actions to improve ISPM practice and raise success rates in information systems projects. This paper presents the results of a systematic literature review that seeks to synthesize how project management on information systems is practiced in Portugal and identify opportunities for developing the project management body of knowledge.
An Investigative Study of Medicinal Herbs for Anti-obesity Potential: (A-Review)
Authors: Ghai Roma , Chaudhary Sneha , Nagarajan Kandasamy , Goel Richa , Mishra Shardendu Kumar , Tholia Naveen Kumar , Ali Nazakat , Kaurav Monika
Published: December 2023

Obesity is stated to be a notable concern for public health and plays a significant role in the development of numerous non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including conditions affecting the heart, metabolism, and the nervous system. The use of medicinal plants to maintain normal weight and excellent health has been researched for a very long time. However, sufficient empirical data are still lacking to support the scientific notion of the use of herbal products for weight management. Obesity has traditionally been treated with herbal remedies from both domestic and international sources, including Ayurveda (Indian Traditional Medicine System). This article provides a brief overview of obesity-related disorders and their epidemiology, then discusses the potential anti-obesity effects of plants including Salvia plebian, Glycine max, Curcuma longa, Camellia sinensis, Moringa citrifolia, and others using validated tested animal models. It also focuses on the active phytochemical components that give these substances their anti-obesity properties, such as daidzein, ginsenosides, curcuminoids, zingiberene, curcumene, and ellagitannin. The paper was compiled after going through marketed formulations used worldwide, clinical trials and patents based on herbal products for obesity. This review can assist numerous researchers in conducting additional research on exploring the potential.
Determination of Caffeic acid in Cigarette Smoke and Urine by Electrochemical Methods Using Supramolecular Electroactive Materials grafted in Screen Printed Carbon Electrode
Authors: Ali Syed Kashif , Gambhir Geetu , Khuwaja Gulrana , Shabi Sayeed , F. Saleh Safaa , Ibrahim Angum M. M. , Noureideen Amal. A. , Abdelgadir Mohammed Mawada Abubaker
Published: December 2023

Selective determination of caffeic acid, was carried out by using Screen Printed Carbon Electrode (SPCE) to give a reliable, scalable, and inexpensive electrochemical method with enhanced analytical performance. SPCE was first activated by linear sweep voltammetry using KOH solution, followed by its electrochemical grafting with cyclodextrins. Britton Robinson buffer (BRB) solution having pH 8.1, demonstrated a clear electrocatalytic impact towards caffeic acid oxidation, which indicated a greater current response compared to the activated electrode in the cyclic voltammetric and square wave voltammetric (SWV) investigations. The SWV waves at the activated SPCE was used under ideal conditions to produce a linear calibration curve with detection limits of (LoD, 4 sb/m) and quantification limits of (LoQ, 11 sb/m) of 0.38 M and 1.1 M, respectively.
Evaluation of Lead Removal by Activated Citrus Sinensis Biochar Impregnated with Calcium Alginate Beads
Authors: Kachhwaha Vandana , Kumari Pooja , Giri Naresh , Mishra Pallavi
Published: December 2023

This study introduces an innovative method of using activated carbon derived from orange peels incorporated into calcium alginate beads to remove lead from synthetic water efficiently. This novel approach demonstrates remarkable effectiveness in addressing lead pollution in water. Established techniques such as SEM and FTIR were employed to characterize the adsorbents created in the laboratories. Batch studies confirmed the lead adsorbed were conducted to evaluate the efficiency of lead removal, with the highest removal efficiencies achieved at pH 6.5 (90.3%), an adsorbent dose of 2 mg (90.3%), a contact time of 50 minutes (92.3%), and an initial lead solution concentration of 20 ppm (93.2%). The study employed various adsorption models, including Langmuir, Freundlich, and Tempkin models. The Langmuir model exhibited an excellent fit to the adsorption isotherm at 60 °C, as indicated by a high linear regression correlation coefficient. For the bioadsorption process, pseudo-second-order kinetics fits well (R2 = 0.9992). The analytical results verify that activated carbon from discarded orange peels and calcium alginate beads effectively removes Pb, offering an encouraging solution for water purification challenges.
Cu2ZnSnS4 Thin Film Solar Cell Construction Using Chemical Technique
Authors: Y B Kishore Kumar , Babu G Suresh , A S Swapna Smitha , Reddy M Surya Sekhar , Y B Kiran
Published: December 2023

Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) presents itself as a potential quaternary semiconductor absorber layer in the field of thin film heterojunction solar cells. The conventional spray pyrolysis method has been used in the present investigation. X-ray diffraction results confirm the structure of the deposited films as kesterite. The lattice parameters are determined to be a = 0.5436 nm and c = 1.0856 nm. The material exhibits an energy gap of 1.5 eV and an optical absorption coefficient exceeding 104 /cm. CZTS films exhibit a p-type nature. The deposited films are kept on the hot surface for some time after the chemical spray pyrolysis is finished, which contributes to improved crystallinity. Using chemical synthesis techniques, a Cu2ZnSnS4 thin film solar cell is constructed. These solar cells exhibited an efficiency of 0.5%. Ongoing efforts are directed towards achieving reasonable efficiency levels.
Synthesis, Characterization, Density Functional Theory Studies and Antioxidant Activity of Novel Hydrazone Ligands and their Metal Complexes
Authors: Suleman Veyan Taher , Al-Daher Abdul Ghany Mohammed
Published: December 2023

Novel hydrazone ligands (HL) derived from 2,5-hexandione and benzoyl hydrazine (HDBH), 2-furoyl hydrazine (HDFH), or 2-picolinoyl hydrazine (HDPH) were used to synthesize mononuclear Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) complexes of the general formula [M(L)2].xH2O (x= 0-3). The hydrazone ligands and the isolated complexes were characterized by, spectral, thermal analysis, molar conductance, and magnetic moment measurements. Beside, density functional theory (DFT) computations have been to study structures and energetic of the ligand and its complexes. The IR spectral information suggests that the ligands exhibit monobasic tridentate behavior through their ONO donor atoms. The metal complexes were determined to possess monomeric octahedral geometry. The DPPH antioxidant capability of both the ligand and their metal complexes was evaluated.
Green Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activities of Some Aromatic Hydrazones
Authors: Yadav Vijay Kumar , Bhandari Meena , Singh Satbir
Published: December 2023

The condensation reaction of Benzil with semicarbazide followed by a triazine ring formation and then subsequent interaction with substituted aromatic aldehydes, resulted in synthesis of aromatic hydrazone derivatives (C1 – C4). These derivatives have been synthesized via greener method using acetic acid rather than conc. Sulfuric acid. The resultant compounds were analyzed using spectral (1H-NMR, IR) and elemental analysis. The in-vitro analysis of these compounds portrayed prominent activity against bacterial and fungal strains.
Cyanogenic Glycoside Content and Quality Characteristic of Maesil (Prunus mume) Chung according to its Preparation Conditions
Authors: Bae Si-Yeon , Jang Chae Min , Park Su-Won , Lee Hyunjun , Lee Jihyun , Lee Kwang-Won , Kim Hyun-Seok
Published: December 2023

This study investigated the changes in the cyanogenic glycoside (CN-Glc) content of maesil chung (MC) prepared according to its preparation conditions (i.e., maesil part, sugar type, maesil-sugar mixing ratio, liquid separation) and sugaring-ripening period and the quality characteristics of their products finalized through filtration and heat treatment (85°C, 30 min) with the 6-month ripened MC. The CN-Glc content dramatically decreased when the maesil flesh, isomaltooligosaccharide, maesil:sugar ratio of 5:5, and liquid separation after the 4-month sugaring were applied to the MC production. The CN-Glc content decreased with the ripening period. There was no effect of filtration and heat treatment on the CN-Glc reduction of the MC product. The sugar type predominantly affected the soluble solid and total carbohydrate content of the MC products, and their contents increased in the order of high-fructose corn syrup > sucrose > isomaltooligosaccharide. The MC product at a maesil:sugar ratio of 6:4 exhibited the higher organic acid content. There was no direct association between the total polyphenolic compound content and the preparation conditions of the MC product. Overall, the use of maesil flesh as a maesil ingredient and more than 6-month ripening after liquid separation may be a pivotal factor in producing the cyanogenic glycoside-reduced maesil chung.
Preparation and Quality Characteristics of Noodles Added With Baromi 2 Floury Rice
Authors: Jeong Gyeong A , Park Hye-Young , Kwak Jieun , Lee Chang Joo
Published: December 2023

This study investigated the quality characteristics and optimal conditions of noodles produced by adding Baromi 2 Garu floury rice to wheat flour. The lightness of samples with floury rice increased, while the lightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*) decreased after cooking compared to before cooking. The weight, volume, and moisture absorption rate of cooked noodles decreased compared to wheat, but turbidity increased as the amount of rice flour increased. In addition, compared to the control with 20% rice flour, GR-20 (flour replacement by 20% Garu floury rice) with floury rice had lower turbidity, showing less cooking loss. The hardness, gumminess, and chewiness of noodles with floury rice decreased as the floury rice content increased, while springiness, cohesiveness, and adhesiveness increased. The elongation force and distance decreased as the amount of floury rice increased. Therefore, the optimal amount of floury rice to replace wheat flour would be 20%. Adding excessive amounts of floury rice to processed foods requires additional processes, such as adding food additives or changing the processing method to control physical properties.
A Study on the Optimization of Culture Conditions to Increase Microalgae Productivity as Alternative Protein Food Material
Authors: Oh Hae Won , Lee Seung Hwan
Published: December 2023

Protein is an essential nutrient for humans to sustain life, but it is predicted that it will be challenging to secure protein through the traditional livestock industry in the future. Microalgae has high future value as an alternative protein food source due to resource utilization and sustainability advantages. In order to increase productivity, the culture conditions of microalgae, Chlorella vulgaris, Dunaliella salina, and Scenedesmus obliquus were examined in this study. The optimal culture conditions of C. vulgaris were mixotrophic culture, 25°C culture temperature, 7.0 initial pH, 10% initial inoculation, stirring culture, 3000 Lux light intensity, and 24L:0D light/dark cycle period with red LED. For D. salina, the optimal culture conditions were mixotrophic culture, 20°C culture temperature, 8.0 initial pH, 10% initial inoculation, stirring culture, 6000 Lux light intensity, and 12L:12D light/dark cycle period with white LED. For S. obliquus, the optimal culture conditions were mixotrophic culture, 30°C culture temperature, 8.0 initial pH, 10% initial inoculation, stirring culture, 4500 Lux light intensity, and 14L:10D light/dark cycle period with fluorescent light. These findings can be used as important information for increasing the production of microalgae as an alternative protein material resource in the future.
Pixel-reassigned line-scanning microscopy for fast volumetric super-resolution imaging
Authors: Li Hongjin , Liu Gan , Zhong Qiuyuan , Chen Shih-Chi
Published: December 2023

Super-resolution microscopy has revolutionized the field of biophotonics by revealing detailed 3D biological structures. Nonetheless, the technique is still largely limited by the low throughput and hampered by increased background signals for dense or thick biological specimens. In this paper, we present a pixel-reassigned continuous line-scanning microscope for large-scale high-speed 3D super-resolution imaging, which achieves an imaging resolution of 0.41 µm in the lateral direction, i.e., a 2× resolution enhancement from the raw images. Specifically, the recorded line images are first reassigned to the line-excitation center at each scanning position to enhance the resolution. Next, a modified HiLo algorithm is applied to reduce the background signals. Parametric models have been developed to simulate the imaging results of randomly distributed fluorescent beads. Imaging experiments were designed and performed to verify the predicted performance on various biological samples, which demonstrated an imaging speed of 3400 pixels/ms on millimeter-scale specimens. These results confirm the pixel-reassigned line-scanning microscopy is a facile and powerful method to realize large-area super-resolution imaging on thick or dense biological samples.
Wide-range pH sensor based on cascaded MZI up-down tapered hetero-core structured
Authors: Hussein Sura , Al-Hayali Sarah Kadhim , Al-Janabi Abdulhadi
Published: December 2023

In this article, we describe the first demonstration of an optical fiber sensor based on two cascaded architectures of Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) with up-down-tapered (UDT) hetero-core fiber structure for simultaneous pH measurement at two different spatial locations. The two fiber structures, namely structures I and II, were fabricated by sandwiching a 45 mm and 60 mm long piece of no-core fiber (NCF) between two single-mode fibers (SMF), respectively. By inserting a down taper between two adjacent up tapers in the NCF section using the over-fusion splicing technique, the UDT hetero-core fiber structure was achieved. The down taper works as an optical attenuator, while the two up tapers each function as a fiber splitter/combiner. By cascading the two sensor structures I and II, two distinct interference dips were obtained, resulting in dual sensing points (so-called: sensing points I and II). According to experimental results, it was shown that the proposed sensing points I and II are pH-sensitive, and exhibit sensitivities of 1.0428 nm/pH and -1.7857 nm/pH for simultaneous measurement for each point as the pH ranged from 8 to 14 and from 1 to 7 pH, respectively. The obtained results show that the proposed dual point pH sensor has the potential to be used for the simultaneous detection of pH parameters in any environment and at various places.
SparsePro: An efficient fine-mapping method integrating summary statistics and functional annotations
Authors: Zhang Wenmin , Najafabadi Hamed , Li Yue
Published: December 2023

Identifying causal variants from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) is challenging due to widespread linkage disequilibrium (LD) and the possible existence of multiple causal variants in the same genomic locus. Functional annotations of the genome may help to prioritize variants that are biologically relevant and thus improve fine-mapping of GWAS results. Classical fine-mapping methods conducting an exhaustive search of variant-level causal configurations have a high computational cost, especially when the underlying genetic architecture and LD patterns are complex. SuSiE provided an iterative Bayesian stepwise selection algorithm for efficient fine-mapping. In this work, we build connections between SuSiE and a paired mean field variational inference algorithm through the implementation of a sparse projection, and propose effective strategies for estimating hyperparameters and summarizing posterior probabilities. Moreover, we incorporate functional annotations into fine-mapping by jointly estimating enrichment weights to derive functionally-informed priors. We evaluate the performance of SparsePro through extensive simulations using resources from the UK Biobank. Compared to state-of-the-art methods, SparsePro achieved improved power for fine-mapping with reduced computation time. We demonstrate the utility of SparsePro through fine-mapping of five functional biomarkers of clinically relevant phenotypes. In summary, we have developed an efficient fine-mapping method for integrating summary statistics and functional annotations. Our method can have wide utility in understanding the genetics of complex traits and increasing the yield of functional follow-up studies of GWAS. SparsePro software is available on GitHub at https://github.com/zhwm/SparsePro.
An efficient constructive heuristic for the rectangular packing problem with rotations
Authors: Zhao Xusheng , Rao Yunqing , Qi Peng , Lyu Qianhang , Yang Piaoruo , Yu Shoubo
Published: December 2023

The rectangular packing problem has been extensively studied over the years due to its wide application in industry. However, most of the research efforts are devoted to positioning techniques of the rectangles for various problem variants, the efficient implementation of the packing procedure is relatively less studied. In this paper, we propose an efficient constructive algorithm for the rectangular packing problem with rotations. We design a preprocess procedure with four data structures to store the information used for item selection. The gaps on the skyline are categorized into three types according to their associated edges for the placement procedure, during which the item is searched and packed in a descending order of the fitness value. The entire constructive phase takes a time complexity of O(nlogn). For the packing improvement phase, we optimize the packing through random perturbation on the sequence and orientation of the item. Three classes of stochastic problems are generated ranging from small-scale to extra-large-scale, the recorded running time confirms the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. We also test the proposed algorithm on the benchmark problem C21, N13, NT, Babu and CX, the computational results show that it delivers a good performance.
Multiocular defect in the Old English Sheepdog: A canine form of Stickler syndrome type II associated with a missense variant in the collagen-type gene COL11A1
Authors: Stanbury Katherine , Stavinohova Renata , Pettitt Louise , Dixon Chris , Schofield Ellen C. , Mclaughlin Bryan , Pettinen Inka , Lohi Hannes , Ricketts Sally L. , Oliver James A. , Mellersh Cathryn S.
Published: December 2023

Multiocular defect has been described in different canine breeds, including the Old English Sheepdog. Affected dogs typically present with multiple and various ocular abnormalities. We carried out whole genome sequencing on an Old English Sheepdog that had been diagnosed with hereditary cataracts at the age of five and then referred to a board-certified veterinary ophthalmologist due to owner-reported visual deterioration. An ophthalmic assessment revealed that there was bilateral vitreal degeneration, macrophthalmos, and spherophakia in addition to cataracts. Follow-up consultations revealed cataract progression, retinal detachment, uveitis and secondary glaucoma. Whole genome sequence filtered variants private to the case, shared with another Old English Sheepdog genome and predicted to be deleterious were genotyped in an initial cohort of six Old English Sheepdogs (three affected by multiocular defect and three control dogs without evidence of inherited eye disease). Only one of the twenty-two variants segregated correctly with multiocular defect. The variant is a single nucleotide substitution, located in the collagen-type gene COL11A1, c.1775T>C, that causes an amino acid change, p.Phe1592Ser. Genotyping of an additional 14 Old English Sheepdogs affected by multiocular defect revealed a dominant mode of inheritance with four cases heterozygous for the variant. Further genotyping of hereditary cataract-affected Old English Sheepdogs revealed segregation of the variant in eight out of nine dogs. In humans, variants in the COL11A1 gene are associated with Stickler syndrome type II, also dominantly inherited.
Dietary eating patterns, dairy consumption, and anxiety: A systematic literature review
Authors: Movva Naimisha , Reichert Heidi , Hooda Naushin , Bylsma Lauren C. , Mitchell Meghan , Cohen Sarah S.
Published: December 2023

Background

Nutrition affects both physical and mental health but evidence is mixed regarding potential associations between anxiety and diet, particularly dairy consumption. We conducted a systematic literature review (SLR) of dairy consumption and/or various dietary patterns and risk of anxiety.

Methods

Literature searches were conducted in PubMed and Embase. All study designs except case reports, small case series, and SLRs were considered for inclusion. Reference lists of previously published SLRs were reviewed for any relevant additional studies. Studies of populations without dairy sensitivities exploring the association between dietary patterns and/or dairy consumption and anxiety published through May 2022 were identified using predefined eligibility criteria. Study quality was determined using the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Quality Criteria Checklist.

Results

For this SLR, 132 studies were included; 80 were cross-sectional. Studies examined different dietary patterns (e.g., Mediterranean, gluten-free) and anxiety using various anxiety scales, with 19 studies specifically reporting on whole dairy consumption and anxiety. Dairy consumption was significantly associated with a lower risk of anxiety in 7 studies, while the remaining 12 studies showed no significant associations. Evidence was mixed for the association between various dietary patterns and anxiety, but more studies observed a lower risk of anxiety with greater adherence to “healthy” diets (e.g., Mediterranean, diet quality score, vegetarian/vegan) than a higher risk. Notable heterogeneity in study populations, time periods, geographical locations, dietary assessment methods, and anxiety scales was observed.

Conclusions

The results of this SLR suggest a potential link between diet including diary consumption and anxiety, but future studies, especially with longitudinal designs that measure diet and anxiety at several timepoints and comprehensively adjust for confounders, are needed to fully understand the relationship between diet and anxiety.
ANTI–CORRUPTION EDUCATION IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Authors: Kazantseva O.L.
Published: December 2023

Despite the formation of the legal and organizational foundations for the fight against corruption, theproblem of corruption continues to worsen. The article is devoted to topical issues of combating corruptionin the field of education, attention is paid to the useful experience gained at the Altai State University indeveloping new approaches to preventing negative situations in the educational field. The university activelycarries out anti-corruption education and anti-corruption training of employees and students. At the sametime, countering corruption in the field of education requires further improvement of regulatory legal actsand the introduction of new tools and methods.
AXIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PRINCIPLE OF HUMANISM IN CRIMINAL LAW
Authors: Maximov A.G.
Published: December 2023

Criminal law principles are the conceptual basis for the formation of an effective criminal law. In thecurrent Russian legislation, the principles have received normative consolidation, which is positive, theprinciples themselves in this regard should be the basis for the formation of criminal law norms. The authorof the work, using the integration method, studies the principle of humanism, both in general scientificand in a narrowly sectoral meaning, explores the axiological meaning of the principle of humanism. Theintegrative method in scientific research allows us to consider legal phenomena, processes, objects of legalregulation on the basis of methodological approaches of other sciences, not only the humanities, but alsousing mathematical methods, techniques of cybernetics. The article analyzes the criminal-legal significance  of the principle of humanism from the perspective of the ratio of punishment and correction, as well as thepriorities of the implementation of the principle under consideration. The author identifies independentelements by means of which the axiological meaning of the principle of humanism is realized in modernRussian criminal law. Such elements include — content, structural, model.
ON THEORETICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE TERMS “TERROR” AND “ERRORISM”
Authors: Starodubtseva M.A.
Published: December 2023

It should be noted the existing variety of terms used as synonyms for the concept of “terrorism”, forexample, “terror” and “act of terrorism”. The synonymization of these concepts is typical, in particular,for political, sociological, journalistic literature. However, this approach does not correspond to legalmethodology and does not take into account the specific situation in which the specified crime is committed.Therefore, the legal studies on which the dissertation relies in his work usually pose the problem ofdistinguishing between these terms.Difficulties also arise when trying to define the very term “terrorism” at the international or domesticlevels. The author believes that the main factor hindering the search for a unified approach to the definitionof terrorism and its legalization, and as a result, the development of coordinated, united internationalmeasures to combat it, is the extreme politicization of assessments, especially when it comes to state andinterstate terrorism.
Use of Over-the-Scope Clips in the Management of Refractory Postbanding Ulcer Bleed in a Patient After Liver Transplant
Authors: Sharma Disha , Bashir Hamidu Rukaiya , Viana Rodriguez Gracia , Canakis Andrew , Chatila Ahmed , Goldberg Eric
Published: December 2023

Postbanding ulcer bleeds (PBUBs) are an uncommon complication of variceal band ligation. They are often treated with proton pump inhibitors in addition to endoscopic interventions such as epinephrine injections, hemostatic clips, electrothermal cautery, or further band ligation. Over-the-scope clips are being increasingly used for the management of acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeds, but their use in the management of PBUBs has been reported only once before. We present a 24-year-old man with alcohol-associated decompensated cirrhosis with recurrent PBUB, despite multiple endoscopic interventions, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt, and liver transplant, treated successfully with an Ovesco clip.
ศึกษาความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างปัจจัยด้านคุณลักษณะของงานกับพฤติกรรมการเป็น สมาชิกที่ดีของพนักงานในอุตสาหกรรมการผลิตแห่งหนึ่ง เขตนิคมอุตสาหกรรมนวนคร จังหวัดปทุมธานี
Authors: Phapakdee Sedthaphol , Leerungruangporn Chanya , Yodapikul Kornyachat
Published: December 2023

This research aimed to study 1) the level of the perceived job attribute factors, 2) the organizational citizenship behavior of the employees, and 3) the relationship between the job attributes and the organizational citizenship behavior. This research used a quantitative approach. The population included employees in the manufacturing industries in the Navanakorn Industrial Estate, Pathum Thani Province, Using a simple random method; the sample size was 152 people. The research tool was a questionnaire. Data were analyzed by statistics, percentage, mean, and standard deviation and Pearson's Correlation. The results found that most respondents were females aged between 31-40 years old, having a diploma/high vocational education level and work period between 16-20 years. Employees perceived the factors related to job characteristics at a moderate level. The high level of perception were Cooperation at work. The rest were at a moderate level, arranged as follows: Challenging work, Freedom in working, Career advanced opportunity, Assigned work matched the abilities. Employees had the organizational citizenship behavior at a high level, arranged as followed: Diligence to work, Commitment to the organization, Confidence in the organization, being honest to the organization, having good attitudes towards working, and Pursuing knowledge about the job. The job attributes were correlated to the good citizenship behavior of employees in the organization with a statistically significant level at 0.05.