bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ROLE OF PSYCHOEMOTIONAL FACTORS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE IN CHILDREN: CHARACTER FEATURES
Authors: Shubina Margarita V. , Moskalenko Olga L. , Kasparov Eduard V.
Published: February 2023

At the moment, a huge amount of indisputable evidence has been accumulated of the connection of a person’s psycho-emotional state with the development of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Despite this, there is no single idea of the exact cause-and-effect relationships that occur when this pathology occurs. In addition, studies of this problem in children are very few.

Purpose: to establish the features of the psycho-emotional sphere in children with GERD and analyze their role in the development of GERD using the system-vector psychology of Yuri Burlan (SVP).

Materials and methods of research. 677 children aged 11 to 17 years were examined in the pediatric department of the Clinic of the Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North (Krasnoyarsk). GERD was diagnosed based on the results of testing according to the Russian version of the Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Questionnaire (GerdQ). R. Goodman’s questionnaire “Strengths and Difficulties” (SDQ) was used to characterize the psycho-emotional state of children. Panic attacks and asthenic syndrome were determined by specially developed and previously tested questionnaires (author D.M.N., Prof. Tereshchenko S.Yu.). To determine the strengths of the character, testing was used in the computer program “The Development and Well-Being Assessment” (DAWBA, R. Goodman et al.).

The results of the study prove the existence of causal relationships presented in the SVP between the established character traits (emotional lability, propensity for art, charity, attachment to loved ones, the desire to establish emotional connections, as well as the ability to study well at school) and the development of GERD.
REGIONAL FEATURES OF THE STRUCTURE OF OTOPATHOLOGY AMONG SCHOOLCHILDREN IN EASTERN SIBERIA, IDENTIFIED BY MEANS OF THE RegionLor INFORMATION SYSTEM
Authors: Ignatova Irina A. , Pokidysheva Lyudmila I.
Published: February 2023

The study of the structure of hearing pathology in schoolchildren of Eastern Siiri was carried out with the help of the RegionLor information system. The regional features of hearing pathology among schoolchildren were revealed, correlating with the results of studies we conducted earlier.

Purpose. To increase the effectiveness of specialized personalized medical care for children with hearing impairments in Eastern Siberia based on the analysis of regional features of the structure of otopathology using the RegionLor information system.

Results. The regional features of the structure of otopathology of schoolchildren in Eastern Siberia were determined using the RegionLor information system.

Conclusion. The RegionLor information system minimizes time and personnel reserves. Allows you to get a clear picture of the regional features of the structure of otopathology in schoolchildren. Thus, an economic effect is achieved: a reduction in the examination time and an improvement in the quality of diagnostic and therapeutic measures among the hearing-impaired children in Eastern Siberia.
RISKS OF SMALL BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT IN THE FIELD OF AGRICULTURE FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES IN RUSSIA
Authors: Trunin Grigory A. , Osokin Mikhail G.
Published: February 2023

Purpose. To investigate the risk factors of starting a business in agriculture for entrepreneurs with disabilities in Russia.

Materials and methods. A survey of 2052 disabled people was conducted (accepted 1979 questionnaires for analysis). A semi-structured personal interview was conducted with 71 respondents with business experience to identify risk factors. Qualitative primary research is based on in-depth interviews with 9 respondents. The respondents had business experience in the field of agriculture.

Results. The research shows that 31.5% of respondents have business experience. The conducted interview allowed us to identify 12 barriers to starting an entrepreneurial activity, the key ones are: loss of health, problems with sales, fear of losing your own savings, high taxation. In-depth interviewing allowed us to identify nine risk factors: 1. High labor costs with low profitability. 2. Risks of loss of health and active activity of the initiator of the project. 3. Direct or indirect discrimination. 4. Problems of arrangement of daily life and everyday life. 5. Poor level of economic training and education. 6. Insufficient knowledge in the field of marketing and sales. 7. Low level of support for projects by society and the inner circle. 8. Weak information support and broadcasting of positive experience. 9. Increased financial risks of entrepreneurs with disabilities.

Conclusion. Our clarification of the risks of small business development in the field of agriculture by entrepreneurs with disabilities makes it possible to: increase the effectiveness of state programs to support entrepreneurs with disabilities, improve training programs for entrepreneurs with disabilities and improve the accuracy of financial modeling.
DYNAMICS OF WBC INDICES IN POULTRY FOLLOWING ENROFLOXACIN ADMINISTRATION: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: Moiseeva Anna A. , Prisnyi Andrey A. , Skvortsov Vladimir N.
Published: February 2023

The goal of our research was to assess the effect of Enrofloxacin (fluoroquinolone antibacterial drug) on WBC indices of different kinds of poultry at young age. In order to study the dynamics we performed two series of experiments employing groups as follows: Group 1 – control group (one-day-old chicks, receiving pure drinking water), Group 2 – experimental group (one-day-old chicks, receiving Enrofloxacin via drinking water at concentration 200 g/L for 10 consecutive days), Groups 3 and 4 were made with one-day-old ducklings, the experiment design was the same as with chicks. Blood samples were drawn from every bird on Day 1, Day 3, Day 5, Day 7 and Day 9 after the drug withdrawal. We performed differential leukocyte count, leukogram was made and we also calculated leukocyte (hematological) indices. The data analysis showed reliable changes of blood indices both in chicks and in ducklings. The greatest changes in the results of both experimental groups as compared to the control groups were observed on Day 7, but they were not lasting. We observed more pronounced and lasting changes in the leukogram of Group 2, while duckling blood showed reliable changes of leukocyte indices. But all in all dynamics in WBC indices that we observed did not show toxic effect of the drug on bird organism.
STUDY OF THE CONTENT OF THE MOST IMPORTANT MACRO- AND MICROELEMENTS IN PLANT RAW MATERIALS SCUTELLARIA BAICALENSIS GEORGI AND SCUTELLARIA GALERICULATA L., GROWING ON THE TERRITORY OF THE ASTRAKHAN REGION
Authors: Uranova Valeria V. , Lomteva Natalia A. , Bliznyak Olga V.
Published: February 2023

Background. The expansion of the use of herbal medicine as a component of the complex treatment of diseases has led to the development of scientific and practical interest in the study of the chemical composition of plant materials. The high content of a wide range of biogenic elements in unofficial natural raw materials makes it possible to expand the raw material base of cultivated plant raw materials for medical purposes.

Purpose. It consists in determining the content of biogenic elements of different morphological parts (grass and roots with rhizomes) in the plant material of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Scutellaria galericulata L.

Materials and methods. The basis for the study was the method of atomic emission spectrophotometry, which makes it possible to study a wide range of chemical elements in plant materials. Grass and rhizomes with roots Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Scutellaria galericulata L., cultivated in the Astrakhan region, were selected as the subject of the study. Statistical processing of the study results was performed using the STATISTICA software package.

Results. As a result of an experimental study, it was found that the greatest amount of biogenic elements is contained in the roots and rhizomes of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Scutellaria galericulata L. The content of biogenic elements in plant materials significantly exceeds their daily requirement for humans.

Conclusion. The study revealed the prospects for further study and introduction into medical practice of raw materials Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and Scutellaria galericulata L., since this raw material has a high content of macro- and microelements.
INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF HIGH-CLASS ATHLETES-PARACHUTISTS IN THE DISCIPLINE DOME ACROBATICS
Authors: Popova Marina A. , Kalinin Andrey A. , Chistova Viktoriya V. , Loshkarev Alexander M. , Scherbakova Alexandra E. , Mylchenko Ivan V.
Published: February 2023

Dome acrobatics is the most difficult team skydiving discipline. The article is devoted to increasing the effectiveness of assessing the functional state of skydivers, optimizing professional selection for important competitions, and individual adaptation of the training program during training camps and after competitions. A comprehensive assessment of the psychological and functional state of the regulatory systems (central nervous and vegetative) of skydivers using standardized diagnostic computer programs of the Neurosoft-Polyspectr 8E complex (Russia) is supplemented by a method patented by the authors for assessing the professional suitability of specialists in dangerous professions to work in extreme conditions. The integrative index of professional fitness for extreme activities (STI) allows you to evaluate the effectiveness of training and predict sports results in extreme disciplines, including dome acrobatics. Based on the dynamics of STIs, an individual correction of the functional indicators of skydivers is carried out.
Financial Contagion in Network Economies and Asset Prices
Authors: Buraschi Andrea , Tebaldi Claudio
Published: February 2023

This paper studies intertemporal asset pricing in network economies when distress shocks can propagate through the network, similarly to epidemic outbreaks. Two classes of equilibria exist. In the first, idiosyncratic shocks are diversifiable and do not affect valuations; the consumption capital asset pricing model applies. In the second, idiosyncratic shocks generate nondiversifiable long-run cascades of shocks (financial pandemics) that introduce a new risk premium component unexplained by traditional systematic factors. We derive closed solutions for asset prices as a function of the network properties and discuss their properties. After a structural break (1984), we find evidence of a network risk premium that is statistically and economically significant.

This paper was accepted by Agostino Capponi, finance.

Funding: This work was supported by Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della Ricerca [Grant PRIN-2017TA7TYC] and Baffi CAREFIN. C. Tebaldi is a fellow of Baffi CAREFIN and Innocenzo Gasaprini Institute for Economic Research Centers.

Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4687 .
Rate This Transaction: Coordinating Mappings in Market Feedback Systems
Authors: Bolton Gary E. , Ferecatu Alina , Kusterer David J.
Published: February 2023

Reputation feedback systems assign feedback scores to traders with the aim of separating them according to reliability. There is now a substantial amount of literature on what these mechanisms do well and not so well. Conspicuously absent is a theoretical framework to guide thinking on improving these systems. Here we construct a prototype market, stylized and conceptual in nature, but also suitable for laboratory testing. We use the prototype to examine competing approaches to eliciting feedback from traders. Using entropy to benchmark informativeness, we show that the informativeness of feedback elicitation approaches depends on the ability to solve a coordination problem such that traders use a common mapping to turn experiences into ratings. In theory, different approaches can be about equally informative although the map to coordinate on is more ambiguous in some cases. We then test the approaches in the laboratory. The resulting data find that the most informative feedback is associated with the elicitation methods where the solution to the coordination problem is least ambiguous.

This paper was accepted by Yan Chen, behavioral economics and decision analysis.

Funding: Financial support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Research Foundation) through the Research Unit “Design & Behavior” [FOR 1371] is gratefully acknowledged. The authors thank the Dutch national e-infrastructure for support of the SURF Cooperative.

Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4694 .
Deep Learning in Asset Pricing
Authors: Chen Luyang , Pelger Markus , Zhu Jason
Published: February 2023

We use deep neural networks to estimate an asset pricing model for individual stock returns that takes advantage of the vast amount of conditioning information, keeps a fully flexible form, and accounts for time variation. The key innovations are to use the fundamental no-arbitrage condition as criterion function to construct the most informative test assets with an adversarial approach and to extract the states of the economy from many macroeconomic time series. Our asset pricing model outperforms out-of-sample all benchmark approaches in terms of Sharpe ratio, explained variation, and pricing errors and identifies the key factors that drive asset prices.

This paper was accepted by Agostino Capponi, finance.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4695 .
Rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) extract lip balm: optimization of the composition of beeswax and paraffin wax as a base
Authors: Tusilowati Defita Andri , Sugihartini Nining
Published: February 2023

One of the main components of lip balm is wax. The wax content in the lip balm works to improve the consistency. In this study, a lip balm was prepared to contain rosella flower extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), which contains anthocyanin and can be used as a natural dye. This study aimed to determine the effect of the combination of beeswax and paraffin wax as a wax base on the physical properties and physical stability of lip balm containing rosella flower extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) so that the optimum composition can be obtained. Rosella flower extract (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) was prepared by maceration method using 96% ethanol. The extract was formulated in eight formulas with variations of beeswax-paraffin wax and evaluated for physical properties (organoleptic, pH, melting point) and physical stability (organoleptic, pH every week). The optimum formula was obtained using a Simplex lattice design (SLD) with the help of Design-Expert® 10.0.1 software. The results of the simplex evaluation test using the one sample t-test at a 95% confidence level indicate that beeswax has a dominant influence in influencing pH and decreasing pH with design expert coefficient values of 2.09 and 0.50. Meanwhile, paraffin wax has a dominant influence on the melting point with a design expert coefficient value of 0.89. The composition of the two waxes did not affect the shape, texture, color, and scent based on organoleptic observations. The optimum formula for combining beeswax and paraffin wax is 8.02% and 12.31% to produce a product with a pH of 3.91, a melting point of 65.51ºC, and the ability to maintain the pH for four weeks.
ANALISIS KESALAHAN BERBAHASA PADA TATARAN FRASA DALAM PUTUSAN PENGADILAN KASUS TINDAK PIDANA KEJAHATAN TERHADAP NYAWA
Authors: Sulistyowati Ririn
Published: February 2023

Court order are a scientific product of the legal process, so there should be no mistakes in writing court order because this can have fatal consequences for the legal process that has been carried out. Phrases as the smallest level in the syntax used to form sentences must be written correctly in a court order to avoid misinterpretation of a court order. This study will describe the various language errors at the phrase level that can be found in court order on homicide act of criminal. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The data in this study are sentences containing language errors at the phrase level contained in a court order of homicide act of criminal in North Sumatra in 2020.  The conclusions in this study are made inductively. Based on the analysis in this study, it can be concluded that there are six types of language errors, namely the influence of regional languages, inappropriate use of prepositions, wording errors, excessive use of elements, errors in the use of superlative forms, and pluralization of plural forms.
Our Man in Amsterdam
Authors: Butter Richard
Published: February 2023

Urban life should be enhanced, not diminished, by transportation solutions
Social Network Diversity and Mental Health Among Mothers of Individuals With Autism
Authors: Dembo Robert S. , Mailick Marsha R. , Rudolph Abby E. , Huntington Nick , DaWalt Leann Smith , Mitra Monika
Published: February 2023

The present study examined the associations between networks of social relationships and psychological well-being among mothers of adolescents and adults with autism (n = 352) over a 12-year period of time. A structural equation modeling approach was used to delineate the relative impacts of network size and relationship diversity on maternal mental health, and to assess whether such effects are bidirectional. Mothers with more diverse relationships experienced reductions in depression and anxiety symptoms over time, and the psychological benefits of diversity remained after adjusting for network size. Results also suggest bidirectional links between network size, diversity, and maternal mental health. Research and clinical implications are discussed.
Friendship and Anxiety/Depression Symptoms in Boys With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Harkins Christina , Menezes Michelle , Sadikova Eleonora , Mazurek Micah
Published: February 2023

The transition to adolescence may be a challenging time for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This developmental period is marked by increased social demands and increasing anxiety and depression symptoms for many individuals with autism. As both of these factors may compound social difficulties and impact friendship experiences, this study explored the relations among autism symptom severity, internalizing symptoms, and friendship experiences in boys with and without ASD (with IQ > 75). Results showed that internalizing symptoms predicted quantity of close friendships in the ASD group. Given the observed relationship between internalizing symptoms and friendship experiences, social skills intervention programs should address possible internalizing symptoms associated with establishing/maintaining social relationships and perceived friendship quality.
Comparison of Two Interventions in Improving Comprehension of Students With Intellectual Disability
Authors: Cure Goksel , Yucesoy-Ozkan Serife
Published: February 2023

The purpose of this study was to compare the relative effects of word reading and story component interventions in developing reading comprehension of narrative texts with four students with mild levels of intellectual disability. A multielement design was used in this study. The findings revealed that the story component intervention was more effective and efficient than the word reading intervention in developing students' reading comprehension of narrative texts, and also indicated that both interventions were significantly effective in enabling subjects to answer literal questions. Only the story component intervention was significantly effective related to inferential questions. Finally, the findings revealed that students could generalize their reading comprehension skills to stories of different lengths.
Automated analysis framework for in vivo cardiac ablation therapy monitoring with optical coherence tomography
Authors: Huang Ziyi , Zhao Xiaowei , Ziv Ohad , Laurita Kenneth R. , Rollins Andrew M. , Hendon Christine P.
Published: February 2023

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive procedure that is commonly used for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. However, it is associated with a significant risk of arrhythmia recurrence and complications owing to the lack of direct visualization of cardiac substrates and real-time feedback on ablation lesion transmurality. Within this manuscript, we present an automated deep learning framework for in vivo intracardiac optical coherence tomography (OCT) analysis of swine left atria. Our model can accurately identify cardiac substrates, monitor catheter-tissue contact stability, and assess lesion transmurality on both OCT intensity and polarization-sensitive OCT data. To the best of our knowledge, we have developed the first automatic framework for in vivo cardiac OCT analysis, which holds promise for real-time monitoring and guidance of cardiac RFA therapy..
Nanosensitive optical coherence tomography for detecting structural changes in stem cells
Authors: Arangath Anand , Duffy Niamh , Alexandrov Sergey , James Soorya , Neuhaus Kai , Murphy Mary , Leahy Martin
Published: February 2023

Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that have been widely investigated for their potential to regenerate damaged and diseased tissues. Multiple pre-clinical studies and clinical trials have demonstrated a therapeutic response following treatment with MSCs for various pathologies, including cardiovascular, neurological and orthopaedic diseases. The ability to functionally track cells following administration in vivo is pivotal to further elucidating the mechanism of action and safety profile of these cells. Effective monitoring of MSCs and MSC-derived microvesicles requires an imaging modality capable of providing both quantitative and qualitative readouts. Nanosensitive optical coherence tomography (nsOCT) is a recently developed technique that detects nanoscale structural changes within samples. In this study, we demonstrate for the first time, the capability of nsOCT to image MSC pellets following labelling with different concentrations of dual plasmonic gold nanostars. We show that the mean spatial period of MSC pellets increases following the labelling with increasing concentrations of nanostars. Additionally, with the help of extra time points and a more comprehensive analysis, we further improved the understanding of the MSC pellet chondrogenesis model. Despite the limited penetration depth (similar to conventional OCT), the nsOCT is highly sensitive in detecting structural alterations at the nanoscale, which may provide crucial functional information about cell therapies and their modes of action.
Analog holographic wavefront sensor for defocus and spherical aberration measurement recorded in a photopolymer
Authors: Branigan Emma , Martin Suzanne , Sheehan Matthew , Murphy Kevin
Published: February 2023

An analog holographic wavefront sensor (AHWFS), for measurement of low and high order (defocus and spherical aberration) aberration modes has been developed as volume phase holograms in a photopolymer recording medium. This is the first time that high order aberrations such as spherical aberration can be sensed using a volume hologram in a photosensitive medium. Both defocus and spherical aberration were recorded in a multi-mode version of this AHWFS. Refractive elements were used to generate a maximum and minimum phase delay of each aberration which were multiplexed as a set of volume phase holograms in an acrylamide based-photopolymer layer. The single-mode sensors showed a high degree of accuracy in determining various magnitudes of defocus and spherical aberration generated refractively. The multi-mode sensor also exhibited promising measurement characteristics and similar trends to the single-mode sensors were observed. The method of quantifying defocus was improved upon and a brief study into material shrinkage and sensor linearity is presented.
Bidirectional wide-angle waveguide grating antennas with flat-top far-field patterns for optical phased arrays
Authors: Guo Yongjun , Guo Yuhao , Li Chunshu , Zhou Xiaoyan , Huang Zhanhua , Zhang Lin
Published: February 2023

To build advanced all solid-state LiDAR, optical phased arrays (OPAs) with a large field of view are highly desirable. As a critical building block, a wide-angle waveguide grating antenna is proposed here. Instead of aiming at the elimination of downward radiation of waveguide grating antennas (WGAs) to improve efficiencies, we in turn utilize the downward radiation and double the range of beam steering. In addition to widened field of views, the steered beams in two directions come from a common set of power splitters, phase shifters and antennas, which greatly reduces chip complexity and power consumption, especially for large-scale OPAs. Beam interference and power fluctuation in the far field due to downward emission can be decreased by specially designed SiO2/Si3N4 antireflection coating. The WGA exhibits balanced emissions in both the upward and downward directions, in which the field of view in each direction is more than 90°. The normalized intensity remains almost the same with a small variation of 10% from -39° to 39° for the upward emission and from -42° to 42° for the downward emission. This WGA is featured by a flat-top radiation pattern in far field, high emission efficiency and good tolerance to device fabrication errors. It holds good potential to achieve wide-angle optical phased arrays.
Inserting self-assembled InAs quantum dots into quantum cascade lasers to achieve a broadband free-running frequency comb and effective radio-frequency injection
Authors: Ma Yu , Gao Xu , Li Weijiang , Liu Junqi , Zhuo Ning , Yang Ke , Zhang Jinchuan , Zhai Shenqiang , Liu Shuman , Wang Lijun , Liu Fengqi
Published: February 2023

We present what we belive to be a new band design in which self-assembled InAs quantum dots (QD) are embedded in InGaAs quantum wells (QW) to fabricate broadband single-core quantum dot cascade lasers (QDCLs) operating as frequency combs. The hybrid active region scheme was exploited to form upper hybrid QW/QD energy states and lower pure QD energy states, which expanded the total laser bandwidth by up to 55 cm-1 due to a broad gain medium provided by the inherent spectral inhomogeneity of self-assembled QDs. The continuous-wave (CW) output power of these devices was as high as 470 mW with optical spectra centered at ∼7 µm, which allowed CW operation at temperatures up to 45 °C . Remarkably, measurement of the intermode beatnote map revealed a clear frequency comb regime extending over a continuous 200 mA current range. Moreover, the modes were self-stabilized with intermode beatnote linewidths of approximately 1.6 kHz. Furthermore, what we believe to be a novel π-shaped electrode design and coplanar waveguide transition way were used for RF signal injection. We found that RF injection modified the laser spectral bandwidth by up to 62 cm-1. The developing characteristics indicate the potential for comb operation based on QDCLs as well as the realization of ultrafast mid-infrared pulse.
Self-adaptive IR emitter with a solution-processed VO2 active layer for tunable radiative cooling
Authors: Ono Masashi , Tani Takeharu , Yoshihiro Tatsuya , Shirata Masashi , Saiki Toshiharu
Published: February 2023

Controlling the infrared (IR) emissivity of a photonic structure as a function of temperature is essential for regulating thermal emission. However, such self-adaptive radiative control often requires sophisticated fabrication processes to achieve the desired emissivity modulation, making large-scale implementation challenging. Here, we demonstrated a simple 1D photonic structure consisting of spin-coated VO2/ZnS/Al that does not require a costly vacuum deposition and/or lithography process for forming the active layer. Based on the phase change in VO2, over 50% modulation depth of peak emissivity was achieved in the atmospheric window. We also unraveled the optical constants of the solution-processed VO2 films using IR ellipsometry under temperature control, enabling realistic prediction of the emissive performance.
Dementia in India: An Overview
Authors: Chaudhary Neeru
Published: February 2023

Dementia is a rapidly growing concern in India, with a projected increase in the number of affected individuals in the coming years. People over the age of 60 are expected to account for 19.1% of the overall population by 2050. This population ageing is likely to be accompanied by a significant increase in the prevalence of dementia. A number of prospective longitudinal investigations on the aetiology of dementia have been conducted in North America and Europe; however, the conclusions of this research cannot be simply applied to the Indian population. In terms of socioeconomic, cultural, linguistic, geographical, lifestyle-related, and genetic aspects, India's population is extraordinarily varied. This review provides an in-depth look at the current situation of dementia in India, including its prevalence, risk factors, available treatments, and the impact it has on individuals, families, and society as a whole. Despite the increasing number of people living with dementia in India, the country still lacks adequate resources and awareness about the condition. This highlights the need for a comprehensive national strategy for the prevention, treatment, and care of people with dementia in India. With a growing aging population, addressing the issue of dementia in India is of utmost importance to ensure that affected individuals receive the care and support they need to live dignified and fulfilling life.
Health Risk Assessment of Gaseous Pollutants in the Ambient Environment of Rayong City, Thailand: The Initiative of the EEC Area
Authors: Kawichai Sawaeng , Sillapapiromsuk Sopittaporn , Bootdee Susira
Published: February 2023

The Eastern Economic Corridor (EEC) project initiative has an adverse impact on the increasing problem of air pollution. This research aims to determine ambient NO2, O3, and SO2 levels in the industrial area (IT) and urban area (UB) in Rayong city as part of a health risk assessment from 2018 to 2020. The average NO2, O3, and SO2 concentrations at IT site were ranged from 23.5–24.7 μg/m3, 42.7–56.7 μg/m3, and 12.5–14.0 μg/m3, while those at UB site were 14.8–20.7 μg/m3, 42.5–68.3 μg/m3, and 3.2–4.7 μg/m3, respectively. Their concentrations in dry season were higher than those in wet season at both IT and UB sites. The days in the IT site exceeded the daily WHO guideline of NO2 was 34.8–44.0%, while those in the UB site were 10.8–34.5%. The hazard quotient (HQ) values for a non-carcinogenic risk to human health caused by NO2 exposure indicated a medium hazard (HQ = 1.1–10.0), whereas the HQ values for SO2 and O3 indicated a negligible risk (HQ < 1.0). The total non-carcinogenic risk (HI) from air pollutants contamination being exposed concurrently, on the other hand, indicated risk levels that are likely to affect health, particularly children. Therefore, environmental management and protection in Rayong city are important for people who live in industrial and urban areas, especially during dry period.
Eumops perotis (Schinz, 1821) (Chiroptera, Molossidae): a new genus and species for Chile revealed by acoustic surveys
Authors: Rodríguez-San Pedro Annia , Pacheco Jaime A. , Beltrán Clemente , Allendes Juan Luis , Ugarte-Núñez Joaquín A.
Published: February 2023

Although 13 species of the genus Eumops have been documented in South America, none of them had been previously reported in Chile. Based on acoustic surveys, we report here the first record of this genus for the country. Fourteen echolocation sequences of the Western mastiff bat (Eumops perotis) were recorded in the valleys of Azapa, Lluta, and Camarones in the Arica and Parinacota region, northern Chile. Echolocation calls of E. perotis can be distinguished from other bat species in the region by its lower frequency range, longer call duration, and interpulse intervals. This finding adds a new genus and species for Chile and increases the known bat diversity in the country to 17 species.
The State of the Debate: Nuragic Metal Trade in the Bronze Age and Early Iron Age
Authors: Matta Valentina , Vandkilde Helle
Published: February 2023

This study examines the role of the Nuragic metal trade in the Mediterranean setting, seeking to advance the debate on this subject. Published metal-related data are considered alongside current interpretations. Although Sardinia is geologically rich in metals, including copper and lead (silver), scholars have nonetheless disagreed about the role of these metals in shaping the political economy of Nuragic Sardinia and its interaction with the outside world (c. 1350–720 BC). Traditionally the island has been seen as passively relying on the agency of foreign merchants from the eastern Mediterranean region. Lately, however, a divergent view has credited Sardinia with a more active and autonomous role in the Mediterranean marketplace. This study provides an analytical review of the complexity of such opinions, alongside isotope-derived and other archaeometallurgical evidence. As a scaffold for future inquiries, key features based on theoretical and historical perspectives are pulled together to form an exploratory model of Sardinia’s changing geopolitical position in the interlinked world of the Mediterranean between the Bronze and Iron Ages. The time around 1200 BC is identified as a major historical threshold.
Total Sleep Deprivation Increases Brain Age Prediction Reversibly in Multisite Samples of Young Healthy Adults
Authors: Chu Congying , Holst Sebastian C. , Elmenhorst Eva-Maria , Foerges Anna L. , Li Changhong , Lange Denise , Hennecke Eva , Baur Diego M. , Beer Simone , Hoffstaedter Felix , Knudsen Gitte M. , Aeschbach Daniel , Bauer Andreas , Landolt Hans-Peter , Elmenhorst David
Published: February 2023

Sleep loss pervasively affects the human brain at multiple levels. Age-related changes in several sleep characteristics indicate that reduced sleep quality is a frequent characteristic of aging. Conversely, sleep disruption may accelerate the aging process, yet it is not known what will happen to the age status of the brain if we can manipulate sleep conditions. To tackle this question, we used an approach of brain age to investigate whether sleep loss would cause age-related changes in the brain. We included MRI data of 134 healthy volunteers (mean chronological age of 25.3 between the age of 19 and 39 years, 42 females/92 males) from five datasets with different sleep conditions. Across three datasets with the condition of total sleep deprivation (>24 h of prolonged wakefulness), we consistently observed that total sleep deprivation increased brain age by 1–2 years regarding the group mean difference with the baseline. Interestingly, after one night of recovery sleep, brain age was not different from baseline. We also demonstrated the associations between the change in brain age after total sleep deprivation and the sleep variables measured during the recovery night. By contrast, brain age was not significantly changed by either acute (3 h time-in-bed for one night) or chronic partial sleep restriction (5 h time-in-bed for five continuous nights). Together, the convergent findings indicate that acute total sleep loss changes brain morphology in an aging-like direction in young participants and that these changes are reversible by recovery sleep.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSleep is fundamental for humans to maintain normal physical and psychological functions. Experimental sleep deprivation is a variable-controlling approach to engaging the brain among different sleep conditions for investigating the responses of the brain to sleep loss. Here, we quantified the response of the brain to sleep deprivation by using the change of brain age predictable with brain morphologic features. In three independent datasets, we consistently found increased brain age after total sleep deprivation, which was associated with the change in sleep variables. Moreover, no significant change in brain age was found after partial sleep deprivation in another two datasets. Our study provides new evidence to explain the brainwide effect of sleep loss in an aging-like direction.
CADMIUM CHALCOGENIDE THIN FILMS FOR POTENTIOMETRIC APPLICATIONS
Authors:   UFR-SSMT, Université Félix HOUPHOUET-BOIGNY de Cocody, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire, ESSI M. , CISSE G. ,   UFR-SSMT, Université Félix HOUPHOUET-BOIGNY de Cocody, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire,   INRA, UMR Eco & Sols, INRA-IRD-Cirad-SupAgro, 2 Place Viala 34060 Montpellier. France, FLAUD V. ,   ICGM, Université Montpellier. 34000 Montpellier, France
Published: February 2023

Sputtered nano devices based on chalcogenide glasses have been studied. Physical, chemical and electrochemical characteristics are presented. Cd-Ag-(Ge28Sb12Se60) and CdAg-(As2S3) miniaturised ion selective electrodes exhibit near-Nernstian response with a low detection limit versus cadmium (+II) species in solution. High reproducibility and high selectivity are observed. This is a favourable feature for measurements in natural water and waste effluents. Moreover, non-destructive in situ electrochemical technique that is capable of characterizing interfacial reactions has been successfully used. Indeed, Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy technique was used to provide information on fundamental processes that occur at the electrode – solution interface.
PHOTOBLEACHING IN GeSe2 AND SiO2/GeSe2 THIN FILMS
Authors:   College of Mechanics and Photoelectric Physics, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Anhui, 232000, China, SUN Y. J. , GAO J. ,   College of Mechanics and Photoelectric Physics, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Anhui, 232000, China, ZHANG C. Y. ,   College of Mechanics and Photoelectric Physics, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Anhui, 232000, China
Published: February 2023

We prepared GeSe2 film and GeSe2 covered by a layer of thin SiO2 (SiO2/GeSe2) to examine photo-induced effects. We found, upon sub-gap light illumination, transmission edge of both the films exhibit a blue shift, but the amount of the shift in SiO2/GeSe2 is less than that in GeSe2. Kinetics measurements of the photo-induced effects indicate that the both films exhibit PB behavior after more than few hundreds seconds illumination. Raman scattering measurements show that some of Ge-Ge and Se-Se bonds are broken and convert to Ge-Se bonds. All the results indicate that the change of the intrinsic structure upon illumination is dominated in the PB process.
CdS/CdSe HETEROSTRUCTURES GROWN BY CHEMICAL TECHNIQUES ON FLEXIBLE PET/ITO SUBSTRATES
Authors:   Faculty of Chemistry, Materials-Energy, Autonomous University of Querétaro (UAQ), C.P. 76010 Santiago de Querétaro, Qro, México, RODRÍGUEZ-ROSALES K. , NIETO-ZEPEDA K. ,   Faculty of Chemistry, Materials-Energy, Autonomous University of Querétaro (UAQ), C.P. 76010 Santiago de Querétaro, Qro, México, QUIÑONES-GALVÁN J. G. ,   Department of Physics, University Center for Exact Sciences and Engineering, Guadalajara University, Guadalajara, Jalisco, C.P. 44430, México., SANTOS-CRUZ J. ,   Faculty of Chemistry, Materials-Energy, Autonomous University of Querétaro (UAQ), C.P. 76010 Santiago de Querétaro, Qro, México, MAYÉN-HERNÁNDEZ S. A. ,   Faculty of Chemistry, Materials-Energy, Autonomous University of Querétaro (UAQ), C.P. 76010 Santiago de Querétaro, Qro, México, GUILLEN-CERVANTES A. ,   Department of Physics, CINVESTAV-IPN, Apdo. Postal 14-740, México D. F. 07360, México, DE MOURE-FLORES F. ,   Faculty of Chemistry, Materials-Energy, Autonomous University of Querétaro (UAQ), C.P. 76010 Santiago de Querétaro, Qro, México
Published: February 2023

Undoped and Mn-doped CdS films, CdSe films and CdS:Mn/CdSe heterostructures were deposited by chemical techniques. Undoped and Mn-doped CdS films were grown onto flexible PET/ITO substrates by chemical bath deposition at different temperatures. CdSe thin films were synthesized following a two stages process. In the first stage, CdO2 precursor films, were synthesized by chemical bath deposition at different deposition time. In the second stage, the CdO2 precursor films were transformed into CdSe films by immersion in a Se ionic solution. CdS, CdS:Mn, CdSe and CdS/CdSe samples were characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, UV-vis, Raman and room temperature photoluminescence spectroscopies. The structural characterization indicates that CdS and CdSe films with hexagonal phase were obtained. CdSe films showed the LO Raman mode with three order phonon replicas, an indication of the excellent crystalline quality of the samples.
THE CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRON-HOLE PAIRS GENERATED BY THE INTERACTION OF ELECTRON WITH MATTER, CASE OF CdS USING MONTE CARLO SIMULATION
Authors:   Laboratory of Semiconductor Devices Physics, University Tahri Mohammed of Bechar, Algeria, TIOUTI Z. , AZEDDINE B. ,   Laboratory of Semiconductor Devices Physics, University Tahri Mohammed of Bechar, Algeria, HELMAOUI A. ,   Laboratory of Semiconductor Devices Physics, University Tahri Mohammed of Bechar, Algeria
Published: February 2023

In this study, we use a Monte Carlo Calculation code to simulate the stopping range and the concentration of electron-hole pairs generated of each point in the solid targets under a bombardment, those electrons and holes generating a low electrical power source for many specialized applications. The model has been tested for CdS structure, under a bombardment of one electron with energy 50 - 150 KeV.
ROLE OF Au NANOSHEETS IN ENHANCING THE PERFORMANCE OF Yb/ZnS/CdS/Au TUNNELING PHOTOSENSORS
Authors:   Department of Physics, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine, ABUSAA M. , QASRAWI A. F. ,   Department of Physics, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine,   Faculty of Engineering, Atilim University, 06836 Ankara, Turkey, ASAAD B. M. ,   Department of Physics, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine, KHANFAR H. K. ,   Department of Telecommunication Engineering, Arab American University, Jenin, Palestine
Published: February 2023

In this study, the effects of Au nanosheets of thicknesses of 50 nm on the structural, electrical and photoelectrical properties of Yb/ZnS/CdS/Au (ZAC-0) devices is considered. Stacked layers of ZnS and CdS which are prepared by the thermal evaporation technique onto Yb substrates under vacuum pressure of 10-5 mbar exhibits rectifying characteristics. For these diodes a reverse to forward current ratios of ~105 at biasing voltage of 0.60 V is determined. Insertion of Au nanosheets between the stacked layers of ZnS and CdS increased the current values by three orders of magnitude and changed the current conduction mechanism from thermionic emission to tunneling under reverse biasing conditions. The ZAC-0 device, exhibit a barrier height lowering and barrier widening upon insertion of Au nanosheets. After the participation of Au nanosheets in the structure of the ZAC-0 devices, large photosensitivity and responsivity accompanied with high external quantum efficiency is observed. The responsivity to 406 nm laser radiation is biasing voltage dependent and reaches 135 mA/W at 0.60 V. The features of the Yb/ZnS/Au/CdS/Au photosensors nominate them as promising candidates for use in light communication technology as signal receivers.
OPTICAL AND STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF 100 MeV Ag SWIFT HEAVY ION IRRADIATED AMORPHOUS Ge24Se61Sb15 THIN FILMS
Authors:   Department of physics, D.A-V. College, C.S.J. M. University, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India-208001, PANDEY S. , CHAUHAN R. ,   Department of physics, D.A-V. College, C.S.J. M. University, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India-208001
Published: February 2023

Present study reports about change in structural and linear/nonlinear optical properties of amorphous Ge24Se61Sb15 thin films using 100 MeV silver (Ag) swift heavy ion (SHI) irradiation. The thin films were irradiated under 100 MeV Ag SHI for six different fluences (3x1010, 1x10 11, 3x1011, 1x1012, 3x1012, and 1x1013 ions/cm2 ). The XRD images of the pristine and irradiated (3x1012 ions/cm2 ) thin films confirm the amorphous nature of thin films. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrograph reveals that the fluence 1x1013 ions/cm2 is the upper limit of ion fluence. The loss of energy and stopping range of 100 MeV Ag SHI was calculated using SRIM-2006. The electronic energy loss dominates over nuclear energy loss, hence is mainly responsible for optical and structural changes. The optical transmission spectra of the pristine and irradiated thin films were recorded within the spectral range from 300 nm to 900 nm. The optical absorption coefficient was calculated by using the Lambert-Beer law. The optical band gap (Eg) was calculated by extrapolating the Tauc’s plot. The optical band gap (Eg) reduces from 1.59 eV (pristine) to 1.38 eV (3x1012 ions/cm2 ) and further increases to 1.48 eV (1x1013 ions/cm2 ). Linear and nonlinear refractive index were calculated using semi-empirical relations and both increases till fluence 3x1012 ions/cm2 , which is the consequence of bonding rearrangement as explained using Raman measurement.
SYNTHESIS OF CHALCOPYRITE CuInSe2 (CIS) NANOSHEETS USING VITAMIN C AS AN ADJUVANT AND PHOTOELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF CIS THIN FILMS
Authors:   College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining 810007, China, CHEN X. L. , ZHANG Y. M. ,   College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining 810007, China, WAN J. F. ,   Key College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining 810007, China, DU J. L. ,   College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining 810007, China, ZHAO Z. L. ,   College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining 810007, China, WANG G. ,   College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining 810007, China,   Key College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining 810007, China,   Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry and Ecological Environment Protection of the Qinghai Tiber Plateall, Qinghai University for Nationalities, Xining 810007, China
Published: February 2023

To prepare chalcopyrite-phase CuInSe2 (CIS) nanosheets, green reductants were screened by using them to reduce the valence state of copper sources using a N,N-dimethylformamide/triethylene glycol(DMF/TEG) mixed solvent. CuCl was used as the copper source, indium chloride as the indium source, selenium powder as the selenium source, TEG as the anionic solvent, DMF as the cationic solvent, and Vitamin C (Vc) as the reductant. The influences of reaction temperature, reaction time, and Vc amount on the phase and composition of synthetic CuInSe2 nanosheets were examined, and the results were used to propose a reaction mechanism. The optional reaction conditions were a reaction temperature of 260 oC, a reaction time of 16 h, and a Vc amount of 0.20 g. Chalcopyrite-phase CIS nanosheets were synthesized with particle sizes of 14 µm and a uniform particle size distribution. CuInSe2 thin films displayed good surface smoothness and compactness in a 5.5 µm spin-cast film. The thin film showed a bandgap of 1.08 eV, a carrier concentration of 5.26×1016 cm-3 , and a carrier mobility of 150.41 cm2 V -1 S -1 . The results showed that this strategy can be used to prepare chalcopyrite-phase CIS which could be used as a photosensitive layer for various optoelectronic devices.