bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A FORMAÇÃO DO PROFESSOR DE ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL ANOS INICIAIS E A DIFICULDADE EM TRABALHAR CARTOGRAFIA
Authors: HELENA DA ROCHA RIBAS MARCIA
Published: November 2024

A compreensão do espaço geográfico é fator essencial para que o educando possa construir seu aprendizado em sala de aula e entender o mundo que o cerca. Para que isso ocorra, ele tem de interpretar os elementos cartográficos. A Geografia aparece na grade curricular dos cursos de Pedagogia, mas de maneira superficial, não dando ao futuro docente um embasamento teórico e prático para que possa atuar nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental I. A cartografia tem uma grande importância para a Geografia como disciplina na escola. O uso de mapas no ensino e aprendizagem nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental I é essencial para o trabalho dos professores. Esta pesquisa objetivou investigar os conhecimentos cartográficos que o professor licenciado em Pedagogia, que trabalha nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental I da Escola 19 de Maio no município de Alta Floresta no estado de Mato Grosso, possui e como ele ministra esses conhecimentos em sala de aula, com as dificuldades apresentadas com os instrumentos cartográficos. O público-alvo dessa pesquisa foi um grupo de professores que possui licenciatura em Pedagogia e que atua nos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental I. A metodologia aplicada foi de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, efetivada por meio de um estudo de caso, revisão bibliográfica e de observação. Foram utilizados questionários com os professores, observação em sala de aula, verificando como o professor ministra e explica os conteúdos cartográficos para seus alunos, como também o nível de compreensão do aluno a partir dessas aulas. Foram explorados artigos e dissertações para embasamento teórico. Os resultados obtidos apontaram que os docentes investigados possuem um bom conhecimento cartográfico, mas ainda é necessário que haja um maior aperfeiçoamento nos saberes da Geografia, em especial na Cartografia, para auxiliar suas aulas, quer seja com a realização de cursos, palestras, oficinas, enfim, uma formação continuada, para, assim, torná-los mais seguros para trabalhar essa disciplina.
Fomentando vocaciones sustentables: educación emocional y herramientas visuales para la transición energética en la infancia
Authors: Lara-Llanderal Diana Eréndira , Cedano-Villavicencio Karla Graciela
Published: November 2024

El uso de herramientas pedagógicas ha demostrado ser fundamental en la formación de identidades y en la toma de decisiones tempranas en la infancia. Sin embargo, persiste una brecha de género en sectores como la ingeniería y la gestión energética, causada por la influencia de roles estereotipados que limitan la participación de mujeres en estos campos.  Este artículo presenta una herramienta visual diseñada para romper con estos estereotipos y promover vocaciones sustentables desde una edad temprana. La herramienta consiste en una figura femenina intercambiable, con atuendos que representan diferentes profesiones ligadas a las energías renovables, como científica, ejecutiva, electricista y profesora. A través del juego, esta herramienta permite: a) fomentar el interés por carreras sustentables y b) evaluar las emociones de las infancias al imaginarse en futuros roles profesionales. Se exploran tres formas de aplicar la herramienta en entornos educativos, así como métodos de evaluación y actividades sugeridas. Las metodologías en conjunto con la herramienta visual demuestran cómo el aprendizaje en ambientes no escolarizados es importante para lograr una literacidad energética efectiva que promueva el uso de conocimientos a futuro como por ejemplo la formación profesional de las infancias.
Current Transformer Saturation Detection Bases On Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Saidmurodov Begmurod , Odinaev Ismoil
Published: November 2024

Protection and automation (PA) system is an integral part of electric power systems. The algorithms of the PA system operate based on the use of analysis of the electrical mode parameters - current and voltage - obtained from instrument transformers. As a rule, these transformers operate based on the electromagnetism laws. Operational experience shows that the current transformers (CT) core under fault conditions can be saturated. As a result, the shape of the measured current is distorted, which can lead to maloperation of the PA system. In this paper, a method for solving the problem of CT core saturation based on the use of artificial neural networks for classification problems is proposed. The saturation problem is reduced to a binary classification problem, a description of the synthesis of DATASET is given. Computational experiments were carried out for the cases of balanced (the number of CT modes with and without saturation are the same) and imbalanced classes. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the model can reach 99%.
Accelerated Limitation of Frequency Reduction and Increase in Frequency in Small Power Systems
Authors: Odinabekov Mukhammadzhon , Sidikov Shokhrukh , Ghulomzoda Anvari , Makhmudov Karomatullo
Published: November 2024

The article is devoted to the issues of preventing shutdowns of generating equipment, in particular, gas piston units (GPU) in low-power power systems (LPPS) during active power gains/resets. A review of management and decision-making methods for preventing emergency shutdowns of power units at a power plant with its subsequent repayment, large frequency deviations in low-power power systems is carried out. The simulation of the automatic speed controller of the LPPS station is performed and its effect on frequency control in case of an imbalance of active power is considered. The requirements are substantiated and the algorithm of a special queue (express) of automatic frequency unloading (SQ AFU) is proposed.
Data Mining Approach to Select Parameters of Swarm Intelligence Algorithms for Optimal Placement Reactive Power Compensation
Authors: Matrenin Pavel , Tretiakova Elena , Tronin Artem
Published: November 2024

This study considers the problem of the parameter’s selection of the Particle swarm optimization algorithm. To find effective values of the algorithm parameters, the regression analysis, and rule-based classification have been applied. The regression analysis has allowed creating the model of dependency between values of the algorithm parameters and efficiency of solutions achieved. The classifier has approved allocating areas of the most effective values of the parameters. The areas obtained were used as the areas of possible values when searching extremum of regression curves per each of parameters. The effectiveness of parameters obtained has been compared with the parameters recommended by other researchers. It was found out that using the regression analysis and rule-based classifier allowed to select values of Particle swarm optimization algorithm parameters successfully. An example of using the method to solve the problem of optimal placement of reactive power compensation units in the electrical network is given.
Enhancing Reliability of Electricity Supply of City Electric Networks Cities
Authors: Andrey Borisovich Svyatykh  , Saidjon Sheralievich Tavarov  , Aleksandr Ivanovich Sidorov  , Shonazarova Shahnoza
Published: November 2024

A mathematical model is proposed to increase the reliability of power supply on the basis of reducing the technical cause of damage by the expressed relative probability of a flow of failure depending on power consumption. To test the adequacy of the proposed mathematical model, the data of daily winter and summer power consumption schedules are used to determine the dependence of the relative flow of failure from power consumption during peak hours.
Development of Mathematical Model for Determining The Relative Power Loss of Power Transmission Lines
Authors: Uyangasaikhan Bumtsend , Makhmudov Karomatullo
Published: November 2024

One of the many problems faced by the power transmission and distribution network in our country is the problem of reducing the power losses during power transmission. This article presents the results of a study on technical losses as a component of intensity losses. In this study, a mathematical model was developed to determine the relative power loss, taking into account both load and conditional-constant losses. For the selected research object, the relative power loss was determined using the mathematical model developed above using MATLAB software, and the results were displayed graphically, and corresponding appropriate conclusions were drawn. It can also be seen from the calculation results that when the cross-section of the line conductor increases or the resistance of the conductor decreases, the loading current increases and the relative power loss can become a smaller value.
Artificial Intelligence Techniques for Energy Forecasting
Authors: Kokin Sergey , Saidmurodov Begmurod , Dmitriev Stepan
Published: November 2024

Forecasting power consumption is a crucial aspect of managing cities and regions. Accurate forecasts ensure smooth and uninterrupted operation of consumer and industrial units. While the traditional methods of forecasting have been useful, the advent of big data has enabled the use machine learning techniques. In this paper, we discuss the applications of machine learning to power forecasting. We describe the technical details of the existing methods and highlight their strengths and weaknesses. We find that there is no single method that fits all scenarios. The optimal method depends on various factors including the characteristics of the data, the size of the data, and the forecasting horizon.
The Impact of Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles on the Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Expression of G1 Cell Cycle Progression Genes
Authors: Kuhestani Dehaghi Bentolhoda , Amirpour Mozhgan , Karami Najibe , Shafiei Mojtaba , Noorazar Leila , Keshavarz Ali , Vazifeh Shiran Nader , Dehghani-Ghorbi Mahmoud , Rahmani Seraji Hamide , Allahbakhshian Farsani Mehdi
Published: November 2024

Background: Leukemia progression is intricately linked to interactions with neighboring cells within the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM), and small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) emerge as vital mediators in facilitating these interactions. Objectives: This study examined the proliferation effects of sEVs-derived from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in the HL60 cell line on the cell cycle progression of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), a key element of the BMM. Methods: Small extracellular vesicles were isolated from the HL60 cell line supernatant, using the ExoCib kit, and characterized through flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein assay. bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were cultured and treated with various concentrations (20 μg/mL, 50 μg/mL, and 80 μg/mL) of AML-derived sEVs for 24, 48, and 72 hours. The effects on cell proliferation and viability were assessed, using methylthiazole tetrazolium test (MTT) and Ki-67 assays, while cell cycle progression and apoptosis were analyzed via flow cytometry. RT-qPCR was performed to evaluate the expression levels of CCND1, CDK4, CDK6, and AKT1 genes. Results: The proliferation effects of AML-derived sEVs on BM-MSCs were both dose- and time-dependent, with optimal effects observed at 50 μg/mL after 48 hours. Flow cytometry analysis revealed a significant increase in the G1 phase, showing a 1.8-fold change compared to the control group (P < 0.0001). RT-qPCR results demonstrated a significant upregulation of CCND1 (3.5-fold, P < 0.0001), CDK4 (3.2-fold, P < 0.0001), CDK6 (2.5-fold, P < 0.0001), and AKT1 (3.2-fold, P < 0.0001) expression levels, along with increased Ki-67 (2.3-fold, P < 0.0001) levels. Moreover, treatment with 50 μg/mL of AML-derived sEVs resulted in a notable reduction in BM-MSC apoptosis (0.57-fold decrease, P < 0.0001). Conclusions: Our findings revealed that AML extracellular vesicles could alter the gene expression associated with the proliferation of BMSCs to increase their proliferation by stimulating the cell cycle of MSCs through the G1 phase.
C-Phycocyanin and Phycocyanobilin as a Novel Adjuvant in Hepatitis B Vaccine
Authors: Abdali Nargess , Tabaripour Reza , Javadi Solaleh , Nasirikenari Mehrab , Birjandi Mehdi , Siavashi Vahid , Naghavi Mohammad Reza , Hasani Zahra , Ahmari Ali , Hanifi Hossein
Published: November 2024

Background: Vaccine adjuvants are components that enhance immune responses to an antigen. Given the importance of adjuvants, research on novel adjuvants with higher efficacy and fewer adverse effects remains crucial. Spirulina (Arthrospira sp.), an aqueous, photosynthetic, filamentous, spiral, multicellular microalga also classified as a cyanobacterium, is well known for its high protein content, vitamins, essential fatty acids, and amino acids. C-phycocyanin (C-PC) is one of the most significant proteins in Spirulina. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the adjuvant capabilities of three Spirulina-derived substances—Spirulina extract, C-phycocyanin (C-PC), and phycocyanobilin (PCB)—in conjunction with the Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Methods: Vaccine groups received the vaccine and adjuvants three times at two-week intervals, administered either orally or by injection in encapsulated or naked forms. To use the injectable form while preventing antigenic effects from the C-PC protein portion, the PCB portion was isolated and used as an injectable adjuvant. Results: The highest levels of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin 4 (IL-4) stimulation were observed in the naked PCB form with the vaccine. In both oral and injectable forms of PCB and C-PC, results indicated an increased expression of Hepatitis B surface antibodies (HBsAb) in response to the antigen. The absence of a significant difference between C-PC and Spirulina extract in oral form suggested that the adjuvant effect of this microalga was primarily due to the C-PC compound. Additionally, the injectable form of PCB led to the highest HBsAb expression level. This enhancement of the humoral immune response indicated that these compounds have potential as adjuvants in both oral and injectable forms. Conclusions: These findings suggest the potential for improved Hepatitis B vaccine efficacy with this novel adjuvant, paving the way for further evaluation with other vaccines.
Predictors of Post-operative ABG Changes to Pre-operative Levels in Kidney Transplant Patients, a Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Hashemian Morteza , Ebadzadeh Mohammad Reza , Mohammadi Reza , Mirzaei Mahboubeh , Abdoli Majid , Mohajerani Seyed Amir
Published: November 2024

Background: Kidney transplant is the treatment of choice for chronic renal failure (CRF), significantly improving patient outcomes. Fluid administration during surgery can lead to the accumulation of acid ions and electrolytes, inducing pH changes from the pre-operative to post-operative period, which may compromise transplant success. The impact of acid-base balance changes on transplant outcomes is crucial, yet research on predictors and arterial blood gas (ABG) changes post-kidney transplant is limited. Understanding ABG changes can enhance perioperative management, early detection of complications, and long-term graft function, thereby optimizing patient care and increasing transplant success rates. Objectives: To assess ABG changes before and after kidney transplant and identify predictors of post-operative acidosis in patients with renal failure through cross-sectional studies. Methods: In a retrospective cohort study, we included 97 patients who had undergone kidney transplant. During surgery, patients received crystalloid fluids, with 49 receiving only normal saline and 48 receiving only Ringer's lactate. Data collection involved the insertion of an arterial line after anesthesia induction, and the first ABG sample was obtained as a pre-operative measure. A post-operative measure was taken at the end of the surgery. Ethical considerations were followed throughout the study. Statistical analysis included paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test to compare pre- and post-operative ABG measures, with a significance level set at a P-value less than 0.05. Results: Total of 97 patients, which 65 (69.4%) were male and 32 (30.6%) were female and mean age was 38.6 ± 12.2. Variables significantly associated with post-op acidosis were fluid administered (OR: 3.25, 95% CI: 1.45 - 4.58), post-op central venous pressure (CVP) (OR: 2.31, 95% CI: 1.23 - 2.62, p < 0.05), post-op base excess (BE) (OR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.50 - 2.95, P < 0.05). HCO₃ (P = 0.010), BE (P = 0.002), pH (P = 0.023) were significantly lower in the normal saline group compared to the Ringer's group. Post-op pH and BE was also associated with increased post-op CVP. Post-op acidosis and post-op CVP were significantly associated with post-op BE. Conclusions: Post-operative ABG changes, including decreases in pH and HCO3, are key indicators of transplant outcomes, reflecting graft function and patient stability. These findings highlight the critical need for prompt management of ABG abnormalities to optimize transplant success and minimize complications, making vigilant monitoring a vital part of post-transplant care.
Aprender con la Inteligencia Artificial: aplicación en un aula sobre cartografía operativa
Authors: García-Pérez Sergio , Sancho-Mir Miguel
Published: November 2024

Artificial Intelligence has abruptly burst into the daily life of society and the reality of many sectors has been transformed, almost run over, by this technology almost without time to react, with consequences that are difficult to quantify today. Teaching is not exempt from this storm and research is needed to be able to use this powerful tool in an appropriate way. This paper presents the teaching innovation experience 'Learning with Artificial Intelligence: application in a cartography classroom', which encourages the development of personal critical thinking, of great importance for learning cartographic thinking and algorithmic logic; and introduces Artificial Intelligence in the procedural resolution of the challenges posed in the classroom in the use of GIS, giving students greater autonomy in a context characterized by uncertainty and strong changes in the use of tools and processes.

La Inteligencia Artificial ha irrumpido de forma abrupta en la cotidianeidad de la sociedad y la realidad de muchos sectores se ha visto transformado, casi atropellado, por esta tecnología casi sin tiempo a reaccionar, con consecuencias difícilmente cuantificables hoy en día. La docencia no está exenta de esta tormenta y es necesario investigar para poder utilizar esta poderosa herramienta de un modo adecuado. Esta comunicación presenta la experiencia de innovación docente ‘Aprender con la Inteligencia Artificial: aplicación en un aula sobre cartografía’, la cual fomenta el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico personal, de gran importancia para el aprendizaje del pensamiento cartográfico y la lógica algorítmica; e introduce la Inteligencia Artificial en la resolución procedimental de los retos planteados en el aula en el uso del GIS, otorgando a los estudiantes una mayor autonomía en un contexto caracterizado por la incertidumbre y fuertes cambios en el uso de herramientas y procesos.
Digitalmente analógico: simular (digitalmente) lo que representa (analógico)
Authors: Álvarez Agea Alberto
Published: November 2024

This communication addresses the possibility of using digital representation techniques such as an operational simulation that achieves the equivalent substitution of the images recording the analog representation of a project through physical models during the Architecture degree. Through an adaptation of the procedures considered in the academic program of Representation in 3 dimensions –a semester course during the second semester of the second year of the Architecture degree and which follows Representation in 2 dimensions– the results focus on the production of digital images that simulate analog models. A method subsequently used by many students in the architectural design studios, during both the process and in the presentation —in the stages of analysis, ideation and architectural expression— and which has also been used in the professional development of architectural projects.

Esta comunicación aborda la posibilidad de utilizar las técnicas de representación digital como una simulación operativa que logra la sustitución equivalente de las imágenes  que registran  la representación analógica de un proyecto por medio de modelos físicos en el proceso de formación de los estudiantes de Arquitectura. A través de una adecuación de los procedimientos considerados en el programa académico de la asignatura de Representación en 3 dimensiones —una asignatura semestral impartida en el segundo semestre del segundo curso de la carrera de Arquitectura y que sigue a Representación en 2 dimensiones— los resultados se orientan a la producción de imágenes digitales que simulen maquetas analógicas. Un aprendizaje empleado después por muchos estudiantes en las asignaturas de taller de diseño arquitectónico, durante su proceso y en su presentación —en las etapas de análisis, ideación y expresión arquitectónica—, y que ha sido también empleado en el desarrollo profesional de proyectos arquitectónicos.
Reto climático: proyectar para la subida del nivel del mar
Authors: Ovalle Costal Daniel , Guardiola-Víllora Arianna
Published: November 2024

This paper describes a teaching improvement experience in third and fourth year design studio within a combined engineering and architectural design MEng degree at the Bartlett School of Architecture, London. The proposal was developed over the first four weeks of the academic year as an “ice breaker” exercise. The aim of the exercise was to meet three objectives: a critical and rational approximation to climate change in a context of uncertainty around possible future scenarios, involving the students in their own learning, and leaning on the materiality of their projects by asking them to build a scale prototype that floated or negotiated rising sea levels in any other way. The results of this exercise were highly satisfactory for both faculty and students. The latter got very involved in the process, and were able to build a highly convincing discourse supported by very interesting physical prototypes.

En esta comunicación se describe una experiencia de mejora docente en tercer y cuarto curso proyectos en un triple máster en arquitectura e ingeniería en la Bartlett School of Architecture, Londres. Esta propuesta se desarrolló durante las cuatro primeras semanas de curso, a modo de ejercicio para “romper el hielo.” La intención era incidir en tres objetivos: una aproximación al problema del cambio climático de una manera crítica y racional ante la incertidumbre de los posibles escenarios futuros, implicar a los estudiantes en su propio aprendizaje, y profundizar en la materialidad real de los proyectos haciéndoles construir un prototipo a escala que flotase o se defendiera de la subida del nivel del mar por cualquier otro medio. Los resultados de este ejercicio fueron altamente satisfactorios para el profesorado y el estudiantado. Estos últimos se involucraron totalmente, construyendo un discurso totalmente convincente apoyado en prototipos muy interesantes.
Experiencia metodológica en la introducción de la perspectiva de género en el proyecto
Authors: Lopez-Bahut Emma
Published: November 2024

A pedagogical experience is presented that addresses the incorporation of the gender perspective in the teaching of the Area of Projects through the application of a system of different teaching methodologies concatenated that bet on the analogical in the process of ideation of the project but using, at the same time, technological and digital mechanisms. It is carried out in Proyectos_3 (second year), a subject in which the student stars to design, showing the importance of the ideation with traditional tools but still relying on digital tools or environments. This experience integrates, in the traditional project's workshop format, an assembly of methodologies that have served to successfully incorporate the gender perspective. In addition, it is linked as an academic pilot of a research project focused on the definition of a comprehensive methodology to plan and regenerate rural environments by implementing a circular, social and inclusive approach.

Se presenta una experiencia pedagógica que aborda la incorporación de la perspectiva de género en la docencia del Área de Proyectos mediante la aplicación de un sistema de diferentes metodologías docentes concatenadas que apuestan por lo analógico en el proceso de ideación del proyecto pero empleando, al mismo tiempo, mecanismos tecnológicos y digitales. Se realiza en Proyectos_3 (segundo curso), una asignatura en la que el alumando está iniciandose a proyectar, evidenciándose la importancia de la ideación con herramientas tradicionales pero sin dejar de apoyarse en herramientas o entornos digitales. Esta experiencia integra, en el formato tradicional de taller de proyectos, un ensamblaje de metodologías que han servido para incorporar la perspectiva de género exitosamente. Además, está vinculada como piloto académico de un proyecto de investigación centrado en la definición de una metodología integral para planificar y regenerar entornos rurales introduciendo un enfoque circular, social, e inclusivo.
Dibujar el diseño: técnicas de expresión artística aplicadas al diseño industrial
Authors: Prado Acebo Cristina , Río Vázquez Antonio Santiago
Published: November 2024

Being polyvalent, adapting to changes in society and technology, and moving fluently between the analogue and the digital is the reality faced by professionals in the architecture, engineering and industrial design sectors, as well as by the professors and students in the classrooms of these disciplines. In order to reflect on drawing and representation techniques, we took as a starting point the subject of Applied Artistic Expression Techniques, the first four-month period of a second year of a School of Industrial Design Engineering, where we deepened the importance of freehand drawing, combining this classic technique with its digital application. As a result, we observed the relevance of the sketch as a fundamental tool for the design and the project, observing a progression in the graphic representation capacity of the students, who enjoy these sessions, transferring this hobby to their free time.

Ser polivalente, adaptarse a los cambios de la sociedad y la tecnología, y moverse con fluidez entre lo analógico y lo digital es la realidad a la que se enfrentan los profesionales del sector de la arquitectura, la ingeniería y el diseño industrial, así como profesores y estudiantes en las aulas de estas disciplinas. Para reflexionar sobre las técnicas de dibujo y representación, tomamos como punto de partida la asignatura de Técnicas de Expresión Artística Aplicada, primer cuatrimestre de un segundo curso de una Escuela de Ingeniería en Diseño Industrial, donde profundizamos en la importancia del dibujo a mano alzada, combinando esta técnica clásica con su aplicación digital. Como resultado, constatamos la relevancia del boceto como herramienta fundamental para el diseño y el proyecto, observando una progresión en la capacidad de representación gráfica de los estudiantes, que disfrutan estas sesiones, trasladando este hobby a su tiempo libre.
Estrategias comunicativas para la arquitectura: del storyboard al reel de Instagram
Authors: Martín López Lucía , De Jorge Huertas Virginia
Published: November 2024

The aim of this exercise, in the CRPA course, is to learn to use the means of architectural graphic expression as a tool for communicating and narrating the project according to its use. Through a choreography of drawings combined with transitions, the aim is to tell the youngest students about an architectural project in a dynamic way. Two instruments are used for this, the storyboard to synchronise the visual rhythms of the sequences with a narrative order and the Instagram reel that allows the approach to the kinetic world. This text presents two analytical tables of the storyboards, and the reels submitted by the students, which have a dual function. On the one hand, they help the students to be aware of what they communicate and how they communicate it, and, on the other hand, they serve as a self-evaluation rubric guiding them in the process of developing the exercise in the transition from the analytical to the digital.

Este ejercicio de la asignatura de CRPA tiene como objetivo que el estudiantado aprenda a utilizar los medios de expresión gráfica arquitectónica como herramienta para la comunicación y la narración del proyecto en función de su uso. Busca con ello, a través de una coreografía de dibujos combinados con transiciones, contar a los más jóvenes de manera dinámica un proyecto de arquitectura. Para ello se utilizan dos instrumentos, el storyboard para sincronizar los ritmos visuales de las secuencias con un orden narrativo y el reel de Instagram que permite el acercamiento al mundo cinético. En este texto se presentan dos tablas analíticas de los storyboards y de los reels entregados por los estudiantes que tienen una doble función. Por un lado, ayudan a que los estudiantes sean conscientes de lo que comunican y como lo comunican y, por otro lado, sirven como rúbrica de autoevaluación guiándolos en el proceso de desarrollo del ejercicio en el paso de lo analítico a lo digital.
Narrativas visuales en la enseñanza de la arquitectura Post-Digital
Authors: González Jiménez Beatriz S. , Núñez Bravo Paula M.
Published: November 2024

The post-digital approach combines analog and digital tools to address a new understanding of the architect's role within today's society. As future professionals, it is crucial for our students to focus on the social function of architecture and achieve effective and evocative communication. Post-digital images, with their open-ended meanings, capture attention powerfully and invite people to pause, observe, and engage with the project. These non-realistic representations encourage more active interlocutor participation. Similarly, the process of creating such images involves prioritizing concepts and communication over the final outcome, allowing students to explore different aspects and meanings of the architectural project.

El enfoque post-digital combina herramientas analógicas y digitales para responder a una nueva concepción de la labor del arquitecto/a en el marco de la sociedad actual. Como futuros profesionales, es crucial que nuestro alumnado se enfoque en la función social de la arquitectura y en lograr una comunicación efectiva y evocadora. Las imágenes post-digitales, por su significado abierto, capturan la atención de manera poderosa e invitan a las personas a detenerse, observar e interesarse en el proyecto. Estas representaciones no realistas estimulan una participación más activa del interlocutor. Del mismo modo, el proceso de creación de este tipo de imágenes implica trabajar en los conceptos y la comunicación por encima del resultado final y permite al alumnado explorar diferentes aspectos y significados del proyecto arquitectónico.
Introducción de inteligencia artificial en la evaluación de asignaturas de teoría e historia
Authors: Fabré Nadal Martina , Sogbe Mora Erica
Published: November 2024

The emergence of ChatGPT and other generative Artificial Intelligence tools has raised concerns about their integration into the educational system, highlighting their potentialities as well as their risks and threats. Among the latter, the production of document falsification known as AI hallucination stands out. This communication explores mechanisms for introducing AI in the teaching of architectural theory and history through a specific approach: an assessment designed using ChatGPT in which response errors or hallucinations are induced to enhance students' critical thinking. The goal is to sensitize students to the potential for error without restricting the use of the tool, while simultaneously testing the knowledge acquired. To achieve this, fostering doubt as a critical engine and revaluing historical or primary documentary sources as a final verification mechanism will be crucial.

La aparición del ChatGPT y otras herramientas de Inteligencia Artificial generativa han despertado reticencias sobre su integración en el sistema educativo, perfilándose sus potencialidades, pero también sus riesgos y amenazas. Entre estos últimos, destaca la producción de falsedad documental conocida como alucinación de la IA. La comunicación explora mecanismos de introducción de IA en el ámbito docente de la teoría e historia de la arquitectura a través de un mecanismo concreto: una evaluación diseñada mediante el ChatGPT en la que se fuerza el error de respuesta o alucinación con miras a potenciar el pensamiento crítico del alumnado. El objetivo último será sensibilizar al estudiante de las posibilidades de fallo sin restringir el uso de la herramienta, comprobando al mismo tiempo los conocimientos adquiridos. Para esto será cardinal la incentivación de la duda como motor crítico y la revalorización de las fuentes documentales históricas o primarias como mecanismo de verificación final.
Haciendo arquitectura con las instalaciones: una experiencia mediante realidad virtual
Authors: García Herrero Jesús , Carrascal García Teresa , Bellido Palau Miriam , Gallego Sánchez-Torija Jorge
Published: November 2024

One of the challenges for fifth-year students of the Degree in Fundamentals of Architecture is the visualization and integration of installations in buildings. This paper describes one experience developed with a BIM model of a real sports building and its systems. This model was used to complemnet the visit to the real building, allowing students to observe the layout of the ducts and equipment in their context. Additionally, a practical session was held in the classroom where students interacted with the model on a 3D platform, achieving a comprehensive view of the building with its systems. This presentation analyzes the results and opinions of the students, which were mostly positive, although the experience reveals that there are still some technological challenges to overcome.

Uno de los desafíos para los alumnos de 5º curso del grado de Fundamentos de la Arquitectura es la visualización e integración de las instalaciones en los edificios. Esta ponencia describe una experiencia desarrollada con un modelo BIM de un edificio real de uso deportivo y de sus instalaciones. Dicho modelo se usó para enriquecer la visita al edificio real, permitiendo a los alumnos observar el trazado de las instalaciones en su contexto. Además, se realizó una sesión práctica en el aula donde los alumnos interactuaron con el modelo en una plataforma 3D, logrando una visión integral del edificio con sus instalaciones. Esta ponencia analiza los resultados y las opiniones de los alumnos, que fueron mayoritariamente positivas, aunque la experiencia revela que aún quedan algunos retos tecnológicos por superar.
Analogías de un viaje
Authors: Ávila Casademont Genís , de Gispert Hernández Jordi , Moliner Nuño Sandra , Sánchez Riera Albert
Published: November 2024

The Spanish Village in Barcelona contains 117 buildings that is the largest example of ordinary and vernacular architecture of several Spanish regions. Over time, some of the original examples have disappeared or been transformed. The copy, the replica, remains its genealogy. A living document on a full scale of what was or had been. This work is the result of a trip back to some of the places visited almost a hundred years ago, which served as inspiration to reproduce, reinterpret, re-project the fairgrounds. Conclusions will be drawn about similarities and divergences between the copy and the original as well as the transformations that were made to be adapted to a new place where they all had to live together. The analog experience of the trip combines the learning of drawing in situ and traditional data collection techniques with other more advanced and invasive digital techniques.

El Pueblo Español de Barcelona contiene 117 edificios que conforman la mayor muestra de la arquitectura, corriente, casi vernacular, de varias regiones españolas. Con el tiempo, algunos de los ejemplos originales han desaparecido o se han transformado. De su genealogía queda su copia, su réplica. Un documento vivo a escala real de lo que era, había sido o fue. Este trabajo es el resultado de un viaje de vuelta a algunos de los lugares visitados hace casi cien años, que sirvieron de inspiración para reproducir, reinterpretar, re-proyectar el recinto ferial. Se extraerán conclusiones sobre similitudes y divergencias entre copia y original, así como las transformaciones que se realizaron para ser adaptados a un nuevo lugar donde debían convivir todos juntos. La experiencia analógica del viaje compagina el aprendizaje del dibujo in situ y técnicas tradicionales de toma de datos con otras técnicas digitales más avanzadas e innovadoras.
Hitos infraestructurales como detonantes del proyecto de arquitectura
Authors: Loyola Lizama Ignacio , Latorre Soto Jaime , Ramirez Fernandez Rocio
Published: November 2024

The present text outlines the methodology used in the integration of two intermediate-level courses in the architecture program at the Universidad Católica del Maule, Chile, based on the valorization of the infrastructures that make up the peri-urban landscape of the city. In a context where access to reference works is limited and bibliographic review feels distant, an approach to the spatial and constructive reality of these infrastructures is proposed as a trigger for the project, through a metacognitive process that begins using analog tools for surveying, representation, and modeling, to generate new configurations of these artifacts and their parts. The workshop is presented as an opportunity to bring students closer to the complexity of the project and opens opportunities for reinterpreting the territory, postponing the review of references and the use of digital tools until the end of the process.

El presente texto recoge la metodología empleada en la integración de dos cursos del ciclo intermedio de la carrera de arquitectura en la Universidad Católica del Maule, Chile, a partir de la puesta en valor de las infraestructuras que componen el paisaje periurbano de la ciudad. En un contexto donde el acceso a obras de referencia es limitado y la revisión bibliográfica se siente lejana, se propone una aproximación a la realidad espacial y constructiva de estas infraestructuras como detonante del proyecto, a través de un proceso de metacognición que comienza utilizando herramientas análogas de levantamiento, representación y modelación, para generar nuevas configuraciones sobre estos artefactos y sus partes. El taller se presenta como una oportunidad de acercar al estudiante a la complejidad del proyecto, abriendo oportunidades de re lectura del territorio y postergando la revisión de referentes y el uso de herramientas digitales, solo hasta el final del curso.
Proyectar arquitectura: entre la postproducción manipulada y la cotidianidad ensamblada
Authors: Montoro Coso Ricardo , Sonntag Franca Alexandra
Published: November 2024

For several semesters in the two initial levels of Architectural Projects in the Bachelor's Degree in Architecture, different topics, heterogeneous locations and scales of intervention have been proposed. Among this forest of accidental contingencies, it is possible to trace several Ariadne's threads as pedagogical bases. Learning by doing; projecting from the experimental, from creativity, from intuition, from what is close at hand. Last spring semester, an operation of instinctive appropriation was introduced through the decontextualisation of forty planimetries of paradigmatic architectures by Alvar Aalto. An intuitive montage of different sequences linked to the flowering of digital butterflies. Projecting architecture, between assembled everyday life and manipulated post-production.

Durante varios semestres en los dos niveles iniciales de Proyectos arquitectónicos en el Grado de Arquitectura se han propuesto distintas temáticas, heterogéneas localizaciones y escalas de intervención. Entre todo este bosque de contingencias accidentales; es posible trazar varios hilos de Ariadna a modo de bases pedagógicas. Aprender haciendo; proyectando desde lo experimental, desde la creatividad, desde la intuición, desde lo cercano. El pasado semestre de primavera se introdujo una operación de apropiación instintiva a través de la descontextualización de cuarenta planimetrías de arquitecturas paradigmáticas de Alvar Aalto. Un montaje intuitivo de distintas secuencias vinculadas hacía el florecimiento de mariposas digitales. Proyectar arquitectura, entre la cotidianidad ensamblada y la postproducción manipulada.
De Grado a Postgrado: imaginarios colectivos en entornos digitales
Authors: Casino Rubio David , Pizarro Juanas María José , Rueda Jiménez Óscar , Ruiz Bulnes Pilar
Published: November 2024

The lack of references and sustainability strategies in urban transformation projects in vulnerable fabrics highlights the need to create a good practice manual. In view of this, a pilot experience is presented whose ultimate aim will be to create a collective imaginary: a catalogue of concepts and tools for the improvement of the urban habitat in these fabrics. To this end, the experimental work carried out by undergraduate students (Projects 1 and 2) in the first four-month period will be incorporated into the Master's classrooms as intuitive approaches. The different strategies proposed, grouped into labels and applied to the different places of work (Favela Rocinha in Brazil and Barrio de San Bernardo in Bogotá), make up the sought-after manual of good practices.  All of this is supported by the use of analogue and digital tools, as well as by a classroom model based on the workshop structure.

La falta de referencias para estrategias de sostenibilidad en los proyectos de transformación urbana sobre tejidos vulnerables, pone de manifiesto la necesidad de elaborar un manual de buenas prácticas. En este artículo presentamos una experiencia piloto cuyo último fin será crear un imaginario colectivo: un catálogo de conceptos y herramientas para la mejora del hábitat urbano en estos tejidos. A partir del trabajo experimental realizado por los alumnos de Grado en Proyectos 1 y 2 en el primer cuatrimestre, este trabajo se incorporará a las aulas del Máster como aproximaciones intuitivas. Las diferentes estrategias propuestas en ambos talleres, agrupadas en etiquetas y aplicadas a los diferentes lugares de trabajo (Favela Rocinha en Río y Barrio de San Bernardo en Bogotá), conformarán la base del manual de buenas prácticas completado con el empleo de herramientas análogicas y digitales, así como por un modelo de aula basado en la estructura del taller.
Estudio Paisaje: red de actores y recursos agroecológicos metropolitanos (ApS UPM)
Authors: Arques Soler Francisco , Lapayese Luque Concha , Martín Sánchez Diego , Udina Rodríguez Carlo
Published: November 2024

Estudio Paisaje represents a pedagogical experience that serves as a vehicle for engagement with the climate and ecosystems crises that shape our context. This "studio" is proposed as a pedagogical approach to Architectural Projects that seeks to expand the discipline's scope and operational methodologies. The aim is to provide students with the tools to co-design spaces and territories, implement multi-scale strategies, and form networks of more-than-human agents around urban agroecology. This knowledge transfer is explored in a twofold approach. On the one hand, it is developed in collaboration with the Cultural Landscape Research Group (GIPC) and the State Plan for R+D+i project, HERITAGESCAPES: Critical cartography of the metropolitan cultural landscape. On the other hand, it is transferred between teaching and society through a Learning and Service (ApS) project that brings together different social and institutional agents.

Estudio Paisaje es una experiencia docente que surge como herramienta de diálogo con el contexto de crisis climática y ecosocial que habitamos. Este “Estudio” impartido en la asignatura de Proyectos de Arquitectónicos se plantea como una aproximación pedagógica que busca expandir el alcance de la disciplina y sus metodologías operativas, con el objetivo de dotar a los estudiantes de herramientas para codiseñar espacios y territorios, implementar estrategias multiescalares y conformar redes de agentes más- que-humanos en torno a la agroecología urbana. Esta transferencia de conocimiento se explora en una doble vertiente: por un lado, entre la investigación y la docencia, desarrollándose en colaboración con el Grupo de Investigación Paisaje Cultural (GIPC) y el proyecto del Plan Estatal de I+D+i, HERITAGESCAPES: Cartografía critica del paisaje cultural metropolitano; y por otro lado la transferencia entre la docencia y la sociedad a través de un proyecto de Aprendizaje y Servicio (ApS) que congregó a diferentes agentes sociales e institucionales.
La autopsia de la idea: el boceto como herramienta de análisis aplicado a la docencia
Authors: López Cotelo Borja Ramón , Alonso Oro Alberto
Published: November 2024

"The autopsy of the idea" has been conceived as an introductory exercise to the Architectural Projects course in which students analyze a group of "case studies" previously selected by the teachers, using handmade drawing as the only tool. The whole activity is structured around three questions related to each of the analyzed works ("where", "what" and "how") that must be responded by means of the sketches. A set of "game rules" are established so as to consolidate a clear methodology and to enhance students' synthesis capability: the number of sketches must not exceed five and words or signs, if used, must be few and understood as a complement or a expressive booster of the images.

"La autopsia de la idea" se concibe como una actividad introductoria al curso de Proyectos, en la que el alumnado analiza una serie de "casos de estudio" previamente seleccionados por los docentes recurriendo al dibujo a mano alzada como única herramienta. Este ejercicio se estructura en base a tres preguntas referidas a cada una de las obras analizadas -el dónde, el qué y el cómo-, que deberán ser respondidas a través de los bocetos. Se fijan, con la intención de establecer una metodología clara y de fomentar la capacidad de síntesis en el conjunto de los estudiantes, unas "reglas del juego": el número de dibujos nunca será superior a cinco y las palabras o signos, si se utilizan, sólo serán escuetos complementos o refuerzos expresivos de las imágenes.
Enseñanza de teoría arquitectónica desde la autorregulación: la IA en el pensamiento reflexivo
Authors: San Andrés Lascano Gilda
Published: November 2024

The importance of self-recognition in a world where technology surrounds our daily life, the knowledge that the individual essence of the person exists is born from self-reflection. As part of the teaching of theoretical subjects in the architecture career of the Catholic University of Santiago de Guayaquil, a new teaching method was established in the relationship of identity recognition based on the study of the past, of one's own history to being able to understand and appreciate its context and thus establish a new project method for the future through the use of artificial intelligence. The result was an understanding of one's own being that was reflected in the products of their workload.

La importancia del reconocimiento propio en un mundo donde la tecnología rodea la vida diaria, de saber que existe la esencia individual de la persona nace de la auto-reflexión. Como parte de la enseñanza de materias teóricas en la carrera de arquitectura de la Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, se estableció un nuevo método de enseñanza en la relación del reconocimiento de identidad a partir del estudio del pasado, de la historia de uno mismo para poder entender y apreciar su contexto y así establecer un nuevo método proyectual para el futuro a través de la utilización de la inteligencia artificial. El resultado fue un entendimiento del propio ser que se reflejó en los productos de sus materias.