bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PO-273 Exercise, myocardial insulin resistance and myostatin
Authors: Zhang Yuli , Wang Songtao
Published: October 2018

Objective  Myostatin (MSTN) is a member of the TGF-β superfamily and is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth. MSTN is also expressed in other tissues such as heart and fat. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the occurrence of myocardial IR caused by myocardial MSTN expression, and to elucidate the regulation of MSTN expression by exercise and improve myocardial IR status and myocardial interstitial fibrosis.

Methods The literatures on exercise, myocardial IR, and myocardial MSTN published in recent years were reviewed and summarized.

Results 1.Myostatin, which is rarely expressed in myocardium under normal conditions, the appropriate amount of MSTN expression has anti-cardiac hypertrophy, and excessive MSTN expression can cause various cardiovascular diseases. In the IR state, the expression of myocardial inflammatory factors is increased, and MSTN is highly expressed. MSTN acts on the myocardium through various pathways, leading to the occurrence of myocardial fibrosis.  In the IR state, possible pathways for inducing high expression of MSTN include: (1) inflammatory factor TNF-α is elevated, and MSTN expression is induced by P38MAPK and NF-KB; (2) The transcription factor Smad-2/3/4 up-regulates the MSTN promoter activity; (3) Glucocorticoid up-regulates MSTN expression; (4) IGF-1 up-regulates MSTN expression via p38MAPK and transcription factor MEF-2; (5) AngII up-regulates MSTN via Ang1 receptor, p38MAPK and MEF-2;(6) urotensin-II and urocortin can stimulate MSTN expression;(7) The ERK-1/2-MEF-2 pathway up-regulates MSTN expression.  3. Possible pathways by which MSTN acts on the myocardium include:(1) MSTN induces Smad2/3 overexpression; (2) MSTN activates the NF-KB pathway; (3) MSTN activates miR-1 expression, inhibits HSP70, and decreases pAkt levels; (4) MSTN inhibits the PI3K-Akt pathway, leading to induction or damage of the downstream pathway.  Regular endurance exercise and resistance exercise improve myocardial IR and myocardial interstitial fibrosis involved in MSTN. This effect is mainly dependent on exercise can effectively improve the body's chronic inflammatory state, down-regulate the MSTN superior inducer, resulting in a series of cascade reactions.

Conclusions 1.MSTN expression in myocardial tissue is dose-dependent,proper expression of MSTN in the myocardium can prevent cardiac hypertrophy, and overexpression of MSTN can lead to various cardiovascular diseases. 2.Under the hyperglycemia and inflammation state, it can induce high expression of MSTN. After high expression of myocardial MSTN, it can participate in myocardial IR and can lead to myocardial interstitial fibrosis. 3. Exercise can effectively improve the chronic inflammatory state of the body, down-regulate the level of MSTN induction, improve myocardial IR status and IR-induced myocardial interstitial fibrosis.
PO-277 Nitric oxide generation in red blood cells induced by exercise
Authors: Zha Zhenghui , Zhang Yuli
Published: October 2018

Objective Vascular endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is considered to be the main enzyme source for NO production in blood vessels, and studies have shown that RBC may also express NOS and produce NO. The purpose of this study was to summarize the expression of NOS in vascular red blood cells caused by changes in hemodynamics, and to improve the bioavailability of NO, and to lay a theoretical foundation for exploring the mechanism of exercise to improve vasodilation.

Methods A literature review method was used to analyze related studies on exercise and RBC-NOS published in recent years.

Results Intravascular NO is one of the most important vascular signaling molecules, which has the function of relaxing blood vessels. NO is produced during the conversion of L-arginine into L-citrulline, which is mainly dependent on the regulation of vascular eNOS. RBC can express NOS under certain action, and RBC-NOS is mainly located on RBC membrane and cytoplasm; The regulatory mechanisms of RBC-NOS and eNOS have similarities and differences: RBC-NOS and eNOS are both dependent on Ca2+ regulation and phosphorylation of Serine 1177  via the PI3K pathway; however, since red blood cells do not have nuclei, endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi, they do not have other mechanisms of action of eNOS. Therefore, the vascular endothelium is not the only source of NO production. Red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets can produce NO. The amount of NO produced by red blood cells is significantly higher than that of white blood cells and platelets，it is another major source of NO production in blood vessels.The level of wall shear stress is the main determinant of NOS expression in blood vessels: On the one hand, exercise training can cause hemodynamic changes, increased shear stress, and induce changes in eNOS and RBC-NOS levels, increase NO bioavailability, and participate in the regulation of vasodilation.On the other hand, moderate-intensity exercise causes NO produced by RBC to increase red blood cell deformability and participate in vascular regulation.

Conclusions 1.Erythrocyte is an enzyme source that relies on hemodynamics to release NO from the blood vessel wall. It is regulated by Ca2+ and phosphorylates ser1177 through the PI3K pathway to participate in the regulation of the body.

2.Hemodynamic changes caused by exercise training can simultaneously induce the expression of eNOS and RBC-NOS, increase the bioavailability of NO, and jointly mediate vasodilation.
PO-284 Aerobic Exercise Preconditioning Prevents Behavioral Deficits in an Ovariectomized Rat Model of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Xiao Mengyun , Yang Luodan , Wu Chongyun , Peng Guangcong , Wang Ruimin , Zhang Guanguang
Published: October 2018

Objective Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) occurs in people who suffers reparative shocking, scary, or dangerous event. Evidences demonstrate that PTSD is associated with cognitive decline and depression. In the general population, women tend to show higher incidence of PTSD compared with men. Using the the ovariectomized rat model, the present work was designed to investigate the potential beneficial effect of aerobic exercise on the prevention of PTSD.

Methods Adult Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into the following four groups (n = 8-10 in each group): 1) naïve control group; 2) ovariectomized group (OVX), 3) OVX with PTSD group (OVX + PTSD), 4) OVX + exercise group (OVX + Exe), and 5) OVX + PTSD + exercise (OVX + PTSD + Exe). For exercise pretreatment groups, the rats were subjected to 30 min of treadmill exercise (30 min/day, 5 days / week) for continuous 4 weeks. Open field test and elevated plus maze were used to measure behavioral changes from day 59 to day 66. Hippocampal levels of 17β-estradiol (E2) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) level were measured.

Results 1. Results of open field and elevated plus maze test revealed that OVX animals exposed to PTSD showed obvious anxiety-like behavior compared to OVX animals without exercise. Intriguingly, anxiety-like behavior in OVX + PTSD group was significantly improved by aerobic exercise pretreatment in ovariectomized animals after PTSD. 2. Hippocampal levels of E2 and BDNF levels in the OVX + Exe group were significantly increased after aerobic exercise compared to these from OVX without exercise group.

Conclusions These findings demonstrated that aerobic exercise preconditioning can efficiently prevent anxiety-like behavior in the ovariectomized rats subjected to PTSD, a mechanism could be associate with the increased levels of E2 and BDNF induced by exercise treatment.
PO-300 Investigation On Dietary Nutrition Status of Chinese Elite Male Young Soccer Player
Authors: Zeng Dan , Wang Qirong , Fang Zilong
Published: October 2018

Objective To evaluate the dietary nutritional of Chinese Elite male young soccer player through the knowledge, attitude, behavior (KAP) survey and an adjusted dietary balance index （DBI）.

Methods Explored the dietary nutritional status of 30 Chinese Elite male young soccer players through the knowledge, attitude, behavior (KAP) survey. Diet status of 30 Chinese Elite male young soccer players was collected by food-weighing method. The dietary index of DBI-low bound score（LBS），DBI-high bound score （HBS） and DBI-diet quality distance （DQD） in the adjusted DBI-07 system and nutrient analysis were used to evaluate the dietary quality of athletes.

Results The average score of nutrition knowledge (general nutrition and sports nutrition knowledge) in the KAP questionnaire of Chinese Elite young players was 16.90±2.49, and the average score of nutritional attitude was 14.07±2.27. The mean score of the dietary behavior was 39.67±2.65. The total score average was 70.63±4.58.The results of the dietary intake survey showed that the percentage of calorie intake of Chinese Elite male young soccer players who eat three meals a day and snacks were 24.19%, 34.93%, 27.43%, and 13.45%. The proportion of energy intake of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins to total energy were 54.93%, 32.18%, and 11.53%, respectively. The results of the dietary quality survey showed that the median score of LBS of Chinese Elite male young soccer players was 21, the proportion of players with low level of intake was 83.3%, and the proportion of people with moderate and high levels of inadequacy was 16.7%. The median of HBS was 7.5,90.0% of players had low levels of dietary intake in excess, and 10.0% of players had moderate levels of dietary intake in excess. The median of DQD was 34.5. Among the players, 46.7% of athletes have low-level dietary imbalances, and 53.3% of players had moderate-to-high-level dietary imbalances.

Conclusions The score of nutritional attitudes and dietary behaviors of 30 Chinese elite male young soccer players are relatively better than that of nutrition knowledge. Young soccer players have unreasonable dietary behaviors. Excessively intake too much fat in the three major nutrients and snacks.The intake of protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, iron and zinc was inadequate .In terms of dietary intake, most players have high-level dietary imbalances, and players have inadequate dietary intake and excessive dietary intake.
PO-297 Effects of different exercise patterns on TWEAK and its signal in rat skeletal muscle
Authors: Zhang Nianyun
Published: October 2018

Objective To study the effects of different exercise patterns on TWEAK and its downstream NF-kB/ MuRF1 in rat skeletal muscle, and to explore the relationship between TWEAK and skeletal muscle metabolism by different exercise interventions.

Methods Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 12 weeks were randomly divided into 4 groups: quiet group, high-intensity intermittent swimming group, medium-intensity continuous swimming group, and ladder-moving group, with 8 rats in each group. The exercise group adopted high-intensity intermittent swimming training, medium-intensity continuous swimming training, and ladder training, and trained for 5 days per week for 8 weeks. The right gastrocnemius muscle of the rat was taken the next day after the last training. The expression of TWEAK, NF-KB, MuRF1 proteins was detected by Western Blot.

Results 1. The gastrocnemius muscle mass index exercise group was higher than the quiet group. 2. Compared with the quiet group, the expression of TWEAK in the exercise group was reduced, and the reduction in the ladder exercise group was more significant. 3. Compared with the quiet group, the expression of NF-KB and MURF1 was decreased in the exercise group, and the reduction in the ladder exercise group was more significant.

Conclusions  TWEAK may be involved in skeletal muscle catabolism. All three exercise patterns can alleviate skeletal muscle atrophy in rats, and the effect of ladder movement is more significant.
PO-203 Across generations maternal exercise in hypoxic environment on mitochondrial biosynthetic factors in rat skeletal muscle
Authors: Quan Helong , Zhang Yong , Shan Zhouxiang , Ji Lei , Lim Changhyun , Kim Changkeun
Published: October 2018

Objective Environmental and maternal exercise experienced even during the very earliest stages of life has the potential to cause developmental changes.The growing evidence demonstrated that diverse environmental stressors affect offspring in variousaspects in early stage of lifeand can be transmitted directly or indirectly by both parental lines.The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of across generations maternal exercise training under the hypoxic environment on mitochondrial biogenesis and angiogenesis related protein expressions of skeletal muscle in offspring ofmultiple generations.

Methods The experimental groups were divided into four groups as NCON (control in normoxia), NEXE (exercise in normoxia), HCON (control under hypoxia), HEXE (exercise under hypoxia), and studied for three generations. Exercise groups were run on animal treadmill at 60%-75% VO2maxfor one hour per day, five times per week for 10 weeks (seven weeks before conception and during conception for three weeks). Animals were sacrificed at a given time table and assayed mitochondrial biogenesis and angiogenesis related protein expressions using western blotting.

Results The major findings from the present study were firstly, maternal exercise training before and during conception under hypoxic environment increase in mitochondrial biogenesis and angiogenesis related proteins expressions in both maternal and offspring skeletal muscles, secondly, long term of exposure to hypoxic environment without exercise training increase in mitochondrial biogenesis and angiogenesis related proteins expressions in offspring skeletal muscles, and further increased when exercise training performed at hypoxic environment, lastly, there was no cumulative benefit by consecutively exposure for three generations under hypoxic environment, which is indicating world winning runners from high altitude dwellers may not relay on the duration of sojourn under hypoxic environment, but rather selection and training related factors.

Conclusions In summary, maternal exercise training before and during conception under hypoxic environment increase in mitochondrial biogenesis(PGC-1α, COX-Ⅳ, NRF-1, mtTFA) and angiogenesis(HIF-1α, VEGFtotal) related proteins expressions in both maternal and offspring skeletal muscles, especially exercise training stimulated the protein expressions under hypoxic environment than normoxic condition. Therefore, exercise capacity may be endowed by both hypoxic environment and exercise training at hypoxic environment.
PO-207 Effect of exercise intensity and diet on Glucose Metabolic factors in T2DM rat skeletal muscle
Authors: Ji Lei , Quan He Long , Kim Chang Keun , Yoon Chung Su
Published: October 2018

Objective This study was to examine the effect of different exercise intensity and diet on the expression of the metabolism related factors in T2DM rat skeletal muscles.

Methods Diet induced T2DM rat by a combination of low dose streptozotocin (STZ: 40mg/kg) and feeding of a high fat diet used as experimental animals. The rats trained on the treadmill for 8 weeks with low (40% max）and high (80% max) intensities of exercise on the treadmill for 8 weeks. The soleus (SOL) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles were excised. The western blotting was performed for the expression of AMPK, p-AMPK, PGC-1α，and GLUT-4 proteins.

Results The expression of AMPK, p-AMPK, PGC-1α，and GLUT-4 proteins in SOL and EDL muscles were higher in both training groups compared to the non-training groups. The AMPK was differently expressed to the recruitment pattern of muscle group during exercise; expressed higher in SOL during low intensity of exercise and also highly expressed in EDL during high intensity of exercise, whereas the PGC-1a was expressed a contrast phenomenon to AMPK expression in both muscle groups. The expression of p-AMPK in both muscle groups was higher in low intensity of exercise and normal diet groups than in high intensity of exercise and high fat groups. The AMPK, p-AMPK, PGC-1α，and GLUT-4 protein expression demonstrated significantly higher in normal diet with endurance training group than in high fat diet with endurance training group. 

Conclusions In summary, the expression of AMPK, p-AMPK, PGC-1α，and GLUT-4 proteins was differed with exercise intensities, diet and the type of muscles. These results indicated that the endurance training improved the insulin sensitivity according to the exercise intensity and diet in T2DM rats.
PO-210 Analysis on the Hotspot and Content of Exercise Therapy for the cerebral oxygen in Foreign Countries——Based on Visualization Research of Scientific Knowledge Map
Authors: Guo Xiaozheng , Wang Xing
Published: October 2018

Objective To analyze the hotspot of exercise therapy for cerebral oxygen . 

Methods  This study is based on academic literature between1982-2017，which are retrieved from Web of Science. The author uses the software of CitespaceIII to make visual analysis for1701 literatures.

Results There has been a steady growth in the publications， countries with most publications include American， Japan，England ,Germony； research institutions are mainly composed of universities in Europe and America； authors forms a major cooperative team but with no obvious cross regional and institutional cooperation；the research focus on the the influence of cerebral blood flow and metabolic、the pressure of carbon dioxide on cerebral oxygen during exercise which pay close attention to cognition； research hotspot is mainly concentrated on the link among cerebral blood flow 、metabolism、automatic control of the brain 、cognition and cerebral oxygen .

Conclusions in the individuals of cardiovascular diseases  research hotspot reveals low to moderate exercise is a better way to  improve cognition in view of cerebral oxygen.
Edukacyjne dziedzictwo reformacji – w 500. rocznicę wystąpienia Marcina Lutra
Authors: Nowicki Michał
Published: October 2018

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Dokąd zmierza materializm? Althusser/Darwin
Authors: Malabou Catherine
Published: October 2018

Autorka wykorzystuje Althusserowską koncepcję materializmu spotkania do rewizji darwinizmu oraz przemyślenia relacji między doborem w przestrzeni naturalnej i społecznej. W potocznym rozumieniu dobór społeczny zwany też społecznym darwinizmem opiera się na wyobrażeniu o rzeczywistości międzyludzkiej jako przestrzeni ciągłej walki i rywalizacji. W istocie nie ma on nic wspólnego z naturą, argumentuje Malabou, to samoutwierdzający się mechanizm władzy, który dyscyplinuje i eliminuje możliwość zaistnienia różnicy w systemie. Ta klisza pomija przygodność i ateleologiczny charakter doboru oraz „stan plastyczny” organizmów w teorii Darwina. Właśnie owych plastyczności i przygodności brakuje nam dziś w rzeczywistości społecznej.
Ponowoczesne delirium. Recenzja Islamofobii jako technologii władzy Moniki Bobako.
Authors: Dobosz Karolina A.
Published: October 2018

Autorka sytuuje książkę Moniki Bobako Islamofobia jako technologia władzy. Studium z antropologii politycznej w kontekście narastającego w ostatnich latach zainteresowania opinii publicznej problemem ksenofobii. Tekst zawiera rekonstrukcję przyjętej przez Bobako perspektywy metodologicznej – łączącej studia nad antysemityzmem z badaniami nad zachodnią islamofobią – która pozwala filozofce przedstawić islamofobię jako element konkretnego projektu polityczno-społecznego. Autorka wskazuje, że praca Bobako, ukazująca etiologię i funkcje islamofobii rozumianej przede wszystkim jako kod, za pomocą którego artykułują się bieżące (neoliberalne) niepokoje społeczeństw europejskich, pozostaje wyjątkowa w kontekście polskich studiów nad antymuzułmańską ksenofobią.
Ontologia przypadłości »jak gdyby« w teorii Heleny Deutsch: Narodziny teorii kobiet albo sondowanie granic psychoanalizy
Authors: Więckiewicz Agnieszka
Published: October 2018

Publikowany tekst jest propozycją nowego spojrzenia na teorię Heleny Deutsch, polskiej psychoanalityczki, jednej z najbliższych współpracownic Zygmunta Freuda oraz prekursorki badań nad psychologią kobiet. Wyjście od społeczno-kulturowej historii psychoanalizy umożliwi mi ponowne przyjrzenie się obecności i znaczeniu psychoanalityczek w ruchu freudowskim. W artykule rezygnuję z utartych sposobów ujmowania freudyzmu jako wrogiego emancypacji kobiet, na rzecz badania psychoanalizy w kontekście jej narodzin i funkcjonowania w okresie do wybuchu drugiej wojny światowej. Bardziej niż miejsce Deutsch w długiej tradycji psychoanalizy kobiet, interesuje mnie autorskie i rewelatorskie ujęcie kobiecego podmiotu jako osobowości „jak gdyby" zaproponowane przez polską lekarkę. Dowodzę, że Deutsch wpisywała się nie tylko w tradycję kobiet analityczek, skoncentrowanych głównie na praktyce klinicznej, lecz również — podobnie jak Freud — w swych pracach łączyła refleksję medyczną z literaturą i filozofią. (Re)lektura jej prac w świetle filozofii plastyczności Catherine Malabou stanowi propozycję a zarazem przyczynek do badania teorii Deutsch przez pryzmat kategorii podmiotowości, pamięci i plastyczności.
Neuroseksizm w działaniu, czyli jak nauka może wspierać lub obalać stereotypy na temat płci
Authors: Derra Aleksandra
Published: October 2018

Introduction to the translation of Cordelia Fine‟s article “Explaining, or Sustaining, the Status Quo? The Potentially Self-Fulfilling Effects of „Hardwired‟ Accounts of Sex Differences.”
GİLABURU (VIBIRNUM OPULUS L.) MEYVESİNDEN FENOLİK BİLEŞİKLERİN ULTRASON DESTEKLİ EKSTRAKSİYONU
Authors: ŞAKIYAN DEMİRKOL Özge , İŞCİ YAKAN Aslı , ALİFAKI Yaşar Özlem
Published: October 2018

Bu çalışmanın amacı gilaburu (Viburnum opulus L.)
meyvesinden fenolik bileşiklerin ultrason destekli ekstraksiyon sistemi ile
elde edilmesidir. Gilaburu meyvesinde bulunan yüksek miktardaki fenolik
bileşikler, hassas yapıları nedeniyle kolayca bozulabilmektedirler. Bu nedenle,
ekstraksiyon yöntemi olarak fenolik bileşiklere en az düzeyde zarar verecek
yenilikçi teknolojiler önem kazanmaktadır. Çalışmada, üç farklı katı:solvent
oranı (5:100, 10:100, 15:100) ve 6 farklı işlem süresi  kullanılarak (1 dk , 10 dk, 20 dk, 30 dk, 60
dk, 120 dk) su ile ekstraksiyon işlemi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bağımlı
değişkenler olarak toplam fenolik madde miktarı, antioksidan aktivite ve renk
değerleri belirlenmiştir. Toplam fenolik madde miktarı değerlerine göre optimum
katı: solvent oranı ve optimum ekstraksiyon süresi sırasıyla 5:100 ve 60 dakika
olarak bulunmuştur. Ek olarak L*, a*, b* ve toplam renk farkı değerleri toplam
fenolik madde miktarlarıyla yüksek oranda pozitif korelasyon göstermiştir.
ANTIFUNGAL EFFECT OF A BACTERIOCIN OF BACILLUS METHYLOTROPHICUS BM47 AND ITS POTENTIALAPPLICATION AS A BIOPRESERVATIVE IN TRADITIONAL BULGARIAN YOGURT
Authors: Tumbarski Yulian , Mineva Gergana , Yanakieva Velichka , Nikolova Radosveta , Deseva Ivelina , Mihaylova Dasha , Ivanov Ivan
Published: October 2018

Bacteriocins are biologically active compounds of proteinaceous nature synthesized by a large number of microorganisms, including members of bacterial genus Bacillus and lactic acid bacteria (LAB). The broad antimicrobial spectrum of bacteriocins against various spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms stimulated the research efforts for their investigation and potential application in different branches of food industry as natural preservatives. The promising antimicrobial activity of bacteriocins makes them suitable for application as biopreservatives and alternatives of chemical preservatives in dairy industry for production of fermented or non-fermented milk products. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the antifungal effect of a bacteriocin isolated from Bacillus methylotrophicus strain BM47 and the possibilities for its application as a potential biopreservative of traditional Bulgarian yogurt. The results demonstrated that the addition of a purified bacteriocin in dose of 1 AU/mL of milk led to significant reduction of the fungal spores and mycelial growth of the indicator microorganism Penicillium sp. in the yogurt, without a change of its organoleptic properties, and biochemical and microbiological parameters during the 4-week period of storage.
PURIFICATION OF AN EXO-INULINASE FROM BACILLUS SP. SG7
Authors: Ivanova Viara , Gavrailov Simeon , Pashkoulova Veronica
Published: October 2018

An exo-inulinase from strain Bacillus sp. SG7 was isolated and purified. A two-phase system PEG/Dextran, size-exclusion chromatography and ion-exchange chromatography were used in the purification process. The enzyme was purified to homogeneity with specific inulinase activity 18.47 U/mg protein and specific invertase activity 196.5 U/mg protein, purification fold of 10.44 and 27.4% yield. The molecular mass of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 56 000 Da. Strong inhibitors of enzyme activity are Pb, Hg, Zn and Cu ions with inhibition levels rising up to 55% for Cu and 95% for Pb. SDS totally inhibited the purified inulinase. The kinetic constants Km and Vmax for inulin as substrate were determined to be 1.0 mg/mL and 6.25 mg/mL.h, respectively. The pH optimum is at pH 7.0 and the enzyme is stable between pH 6.0 and pH 7.5, while retaining 100% of its initial activity between pH 6.5 and pH 7.0. The temperature optimum for the purified inulinase from strain Bacillus sp. SG7 was at 60°С. In the presence of inulin the purified inulinase sustains its activity at 100% for 55 minutes at 65°С. After the 70th minute the residual activity is 63% of the initial. The enzyme showed capacity to hydrolyse sucrose, raffinose and inulin from which it liberated only fructose units showing, therefore, an exo-action mechanism. The inulins from chicory (Cichorium intibus), from dahlia (Dahlia pinnata) and Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) roots were hydrolysed by the purified enzyme.
BIOGENIC SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES BY A NOVEL MARINE BACTERIA MARINOBACTER ALGICOLA: PROGRESSION FROM NANOSPHERES TO VARIOUS GEOMETRICAL SHAPES
Authors: Gupta Rashmi , Padmanabhan Padmini
Published: October 2018

Metal nanoparticle biosynthesis is gaining impetus as the process is cost-effective and ecofriendly with a variety of application of them in biomedical field. In this study, biosynthesis approach for the synthesis of gold nano particles (GNPs) has been investigated using marine bacteria, Marinobacter algicola isolated from Indian sector of Southern Ocean. The biosynthesis of GNP was the obtained by adding HAuCl4–1mM, to the bacterial cell lysate supernatant (CLS) maintained at pH 7.0, incubated at 30 °C for 24 h. The bio-reduction of auric chloride was supposedly accomplished by enzyme nitrate reductase from the bacterial cellular bio mass, and was established using the FTIR data. GNP characterization from SEM, AFM and TEM exhibited formation of various shaped GNPs like spherical, triangular, pentagonal and hexagonal, possibly from enzyme nitrate reductase which is relatively different from GNPs synthesized so far reporting only single shape from single enzyme. XRD analysis determined the FCC structure of GNPs. DLS result display the GNPs formed is of mean size of 4-168 nm with an average of 74 nm. Being able to control the shapes of nanoparticles as a time dependent factor can be considered path breaking leading to its multipurpose biomedical application. The present research also studied the antimicrobial effect of GNPs on various pathogens.
“Superdesignação” de professores na rede estadual de ensino de Minas Gerais
Authors: Amorim Marina Alves , Salej Ana Paula , Barreiros Brenda Borges Cambraia
Published: October 2018

RESUMO Este artigo apresenta parte dos resultados de pesquisa sobre os professores da rede estadual de ensino de Minas Gerais. Explorando o banco de dados da Secretaria de Estado de Educação de Minas Gerais, a pesquisa revelou quantos são os professores efetivos e contratados por tempo determinado nas escolas do estado de Minas Gerais e como os números de vínculos de trabalho oscilaram entre 2009 e 2014. Trata-se de informação aparentemente simples, mas de difícil acesso, o que a torna preciosa. O quadro de “superdesignação” relevado é, além de surpreendente, um problema grave na gestão da educação em Minas Gerais, que impacta na qualidade da educação pública e clama por um redirecionamento da ação do estado no campo educacional.
A figura do outro na educação comparada: uma perspectiva de aprendizagem comunicativa
Authors: Devechi Catia Piccolo Viero , Tauchen Gionara , Trevisan Amarildo Luiz
Published: October 2018

RESUMO Os estudos comparados em educação buscaram, historicamente, atender a diferentes preocupações e abordagens teóricas passando pela comparação das semelhanças e dessemelhanças entre os sistemas educativos nacionais, como estratégia para orientar as reformas educativas, até os estudos visando à produção de sentidos e de solidariedades simbólicas. Por isso, este artigo objetiva colocar em relevo os rastros históricos dos estudos comparados para contextualizar a evolução de suas discussões até o presente. O estudo, de natureza teórica, é referenciado na abordagem hemenêutico-reconstrutiva de Habermas. A atualidade da educação comparada revela que a compreensão científica tem exigido a investigação de contextos diversificados de modo que possa elucidar problemas comuns. Assim, entendemos que, ao se debruçar nos problemas educacionais, a educação comparada pode, por meio do discurso com o outro, encontrar caminhos cada vez mais adequados às nossas experiências no mundo vivido.
Universidade do Povo (1946-1957) educação de adultos e democratização da sociedade no projeto político-pedagógico de Paschoal Lemme
Authors: Xavier Cristiane Fernanda
Published: October 2018

RESUMO Este artigo analisa o sentido e as motivações pelas quais Paschoal Lemme (1904-1997) relevou o papel da educação de adultos no processo de democratização da sociedade, evidenciando a reverberação das suas ideias na Universidade do Povo (UP). A partir do entrecruzamento de fontes - relatório, cartilhas e jornais de época, as Memórias de Lemme e parte da sua produção intelectual -, considero que o projeto de sociedade idealizado por Lemme inovou ao associar educação de adultos, participação política e melhoria das condições econômicas dos trabalhadores e que o modelo educativo da UP foi aquele que melhor traduziu as aspirações do Educador.
Horizontes pós-coloniais da Pedagogia do Oprimido e suas contribuições para os estudos curriculares
Authors: Lima José Gllauco Smith Avelino de , Pernambuco Marta Maria Castanho Almeida
Published: October 2018

RESUMO Este artigo analisa as afinidades entre o pensamento pedagógico de Paulo Freire e as teorias pós-coloniais. Parte do entendimento de que a proposta problematizadora de educação paulofreireana questiona e traz a possibilidade da desconstrução das várias formas contemporâneas da colonialidade produzidas por meio de ações educacionais que reforçam condições de opressão que cerceiam a realização da dignidade humana. Quanto ao trato metodológico, prioriza a análise bibliográfica, dialogando com autores como Paulo Freire e alguns de seus intérpretes e com autores considerados pós-colonialistas. Como considerações, destaca que as afinidades entre o ideário pedagógico de Paulo Freire e as teorias pós-coloniais corroboram uma narrativa educacional como projeto político e pós-colonialista capaz de recuperar histórias locais e suas contradições como produtoras de um conhecimento insubmisso às plurais formas de opressão e subalternidade que inviabilizam a vida digna e a humanização das pessoas.
Do “limbo feliz” de Herculine ao “tecnogênero” de Preciado: um novo cenário para a abordagem psicanalítica da sexuação
Authors: Perelson Simone
Published: October 2018

Resumo: Partindo das formulações de Birman e Hoffmann, Claude Allouch e Geneviève Morel, busca-se, na primeira parte deste artigo, destacar a importância de o campo psicanalítico dar continuidade à verdadeira interlocução que Lacan estabeleceu com Foucault, empreendendo agora uma interlocução entre a teoria lacaniana da sexuação e as práticas e teorias provenientes do movimento queer. Na segunda parte, serão abordados O diário de Herculine, publicado por Foucault, e Testo junkie, de Paul B. Preciado, indicando-se algumas das semelhanças e das diferenças entre os regimes disciplinar e “farmacopornográfico” teorizados por estes dois autores, assim como entre as duas modalidades de resistência que eles colocam em cena.
The proscription of male homosexuality in the history of the institutionalized psychoanalytic movement
Authors: Bulamah Lucas Charafeddine , Kupermann Daniel
Published: October 2018

Abstract: This work aims to explore the historical proscription of gay candidates to the psychoanalytic training offered by the societies affiliated to the International Psychoanalytic Association (IPA). Through a research made in reports, archives and bulletins, it was found that the homosexual visibility movement that emerged in the 1970s brought into light both the institutional prejudice and the rationalizations that grounded it. The development of psychoanalytic theory and the model of psychoanalytical institutionalization are pointed out as key factors for the exclusionary practice.
Do gozo à erótica: crítica do prazer no Seminário Livro VII de Lacan
Authors: Rodrigues Malcom Guimarães
Published: October 2018

Resumo: A partir da análise crítica do modo pelo qual Lacan (1986) concebe a noção de prazer, em seu Seminário Livro VII, nosso objetivo é determinar as condições em que, considerando os critérios propostos por Aristóteles para definir tal noção, uma erótica pode resistir à tentação do gozo transgressor.
Um estudo psicanalítico das relações entre depressões neuróticas e desejo: aproximações possíveis
Authors: Borges Fernanda de Souza , Costa Paulo José da
Published: October 2018

RESUMO: Pretende-se neste artigo contextualizar a temática das depressões na neurose no cenário atual e, posteriormente, relacionar o abatimento e a deflação libidinal presentes nestes quadros com a função do desejo. Sugerimos que a depressão participa de uma nova economia libidinal na contemporaneidade. O depressivo contemporâneo vem caracterizando-se cada vez mais por uma posição de desistência dos embates inerentes à condição humana, refugiando-se cada vez mais numa posição protegida e paralisada, mais característica das inibições do que dos sintomas. Temas como os processos narcísicos e do luto surgem como horizonte para pensar as depressões neuróticas na contemporaneidade.
Silêncio e verbalização: a matriz metapsicológica de Karl Abraham e Robert Fliess
Authors: Gomes Sergio
Published: October 2018

Resumo: O presente artigo objetiva analisar a matriz metapsicológica do silêncio a partir das contribuições teóricas de Karl Abraham e Robert Fliess. Para Abraham, o silêncio é compreendido a partir dos conceitos de erotismo oral, uretral, genital e anal e da influência da libido e das zonas erógenas no desenvolvimento da personalidade e do caráter. Para Robert Fliess, o silêncio é entendido a partir do aparelho da linguagem descrito como uma descarga pulsional regressiva erótica, correspondendo assim a três formas particulares de fechamento esfincterianos: o silêncio erótico-uretral, o silêncio erótico-anal e o silêncio erótico-oral.
Simulacro e Ideia de Platão à psicanálise
Authors: Laureano Pedro Sobrino
Published: October 2018

Resumo: Buscamos desenvolver a questão acerca da filiação platônica da psicanálise freudiana e lacaniana. Desta maneira, nossa primeira tarefa é questionar a imagem de Platão como filósofo dogmático, preocupado com a transcendência da Ideia e desprezando a singularidade sensível. Pelo contrário, veremos como é através de uma contradição imanente à filosofia platônica que podemos compreender como a psicanálise pode ser filiada ao projeto platônico, mas apenas se admitirmos que a verdade do discurso de Platão aparece em suas falhas inerentes. Procuraremos delinear o espaço da verdade na psicanálise como sendo causado pelo encontro com o que Lacan chamou de real, buscando compreender as relações do real com o platonismo.
Calcutta’s Pulta Water Works: 150 years of silent service
Authors: Patra Parthajit , Dey Ayanangshu
Published: October 2018

Calcutta (Kolkata) served as the capital of colonial India from 1757 to 1911. It fundamentally resembled the urban setting of London. For over three centuries since its inception as an urban centre, Calcutta observed huge growth, endured political events, survived disasters, absorbed the influx of refugees and is now one of the most congested cities in the world. Prompted by its growth as a regional hub in the early nineteenth century and recognising the pressing need for an organised water supply system, the authorities started implementation of the very first surface-water-based supply scheme in Asia. Despite being situated next to River Hooghly, Calcutta’s water supply was designed to draw water from 22 km upstream. Pulta Water Works started operation in 1868 with only 27·3 million litres per day (mld) capacity, having simple water abstraction, treatment, supply, storage and distribution techniques. Now, this waterworks has an installed capacity of 1182 mld and employs advanced treatment technologies to serve more than half of the larger city area. This paper summarises the history of inception and development of Pulta Water Works, which still serves Calcutta and stands out as an emblem of sustainable urban water supply.
Accounting for Reinsurance Transactions in the Financial Accounts of the United States
Authors: Batty Michael
Published: October 2018

The net worth of households and nonprofit organizations grows by $249 billion to reflect the value of policies that were previously missing from the Financial Accounts of the United States (Financial Accounts). Businesses also capture $81 billion from previously missing policies. The rest of the world (ROW) sector loses $130 billion on net because they are the reinsurer for many of the policies that are newly recorded. This note describes these changes and their associated effects in more detail.
DOĞU KARADENİZ KIRSAL MİMARİSİNDE TAŞIYICI SİSTEM DETAYLARININ İRDELENMESİ
Authors: PINAR Emre
Published: October 2018

Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi kuzeyinde Karadeniz,
güneyinde kuzey Anadolu dağları ile çevrili Giresun ilinden başlayarak Sarp
sınır kapısına kadar uzanan dar bir sahil şeridi, gür ormanlar, derin vadiler
ve dik yamaçlara sahip neredeyse yılın tamamında yağış görülen bir bölgedir.
Kendine özgü iklim ve coğrafi koşulları bulunan bu bölgedeki insanlar geçmişten
günümüze kadar sorunlarına yenilikçi ve işlevsel çözümler aramış ve bu
doğrultuda eşsiz çözümler ortaya çıkarmışlardır. Bu çözümlerden biri de kırsal
alanlarda bulunan geleneksel Doğu Karadeniz yapılarındaki mimari çözümlerdir.
Bölgede bulunan malzemelerin basit fakat işlevsel biçimde bir araya getirilmesi
ile ihtiyaca yönelik oluşturulan yapılar bölgenin iklim şartlarına, heyelan
kaynaklı yeryüzü sarsıntılarına, zamana ve yanlış müdahalelere karşı koyarak
bütünlüğünü koruyabilmesi dikkat çekici bir durum olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır.
Doğu Karadeniz kırsal mimarisindeki geleneksel strüktürel yapının incelenmesini
konu alan bu çalışmada Rize ili Pazar ilçesine bağlı Yücehisar (Eski adı ile
Çarişka) köyünde bulunan yapı örnekleri ele alınmıştır. Bölgede yeni
yapılaşmanın az olması geleneksel yapıların mevcut halleri ile mevsimlik olarak
kullanılmaya devam edilmesi çalışma yapılan alanın önemini artırmaktadır.
Seçilen yapı örneklerine sonradan müdahalenin çok az olması ve yapısal bütünlüklerinin
bozulmamış olmasından ötürü araştırma kriterlerine uygun olarak görülmüş ve
çalışma bu alanda gerçekleştirilmiştir.
SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR KENT BAĞLAMINDA CİTTASLOW YAKLAŞIMI, EĞİRDİR İLÇESİNİN CİTTASLOW KRİTERLERİ AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ALAGÖZ Meryem
Published: October 2018

Sürdürülebilirlik, içinde bulunduğu koşullarda
ve varlığının her döneminde, gelecek nesilleri de dikkate alarak, yenilenebilir
enerji kaynaklarının kullanımına öncelik veren, çevreye duyarlı, enerjiyi,
suyu, malzemeyi ve bulunduğu alanı etkin şekilde kullanan, insanların sağlık ve
konforunu koruyan yapılar ortaya koyma faaliyetlerinin tümüdür. Sürdürülebilir
kentleşme yaklaşımı ise, kentsel gelişmenin etkilediği ve kentsel gelişmeyi
etkileyen tüm çevresel (yapılı çevre/doğal çevre), sosyal, ekonomik unsurları
birbiriyle ilişkili biçimde içermektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında Cittaslow
hareketi ve bir Cittaslow üyesi olan Isparta’nın Eğirdir ilçesinde yaşananlar
hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. İtalyanca Citta (Şehir) ve İngilizce Slow (Yavaş)
kelimelerinin birleşmesiyle türetilen Cittaslow kelimesi, Türkçe’de genellikle sakin
şehir olarak adlandırılmıştır. Cittaslow hareketi ile kentin doğasına,
esnafına, kültürüne, tarihine, yemeklerine, ürünlerine saygı duyarak ve sahip
çıkarak geliştirilmesi sosyal ve ekonomik hayatın canlanması amaçlanmıştır. Tarihi
ve doğal zenginlikleri olan Eğirdir ilçesi de Türkiye’de Cittaslow üyesi olan
on beş belediyeden birisidir. Çalışma kapsamında Eğirdir’de Cittaslow üyelik
sürecinde yapılan çalışmalar ve kentin sürdürülebilirliğine etkileri
incelenmiştir.
TOKAT MÜZESİ GÜMÜŞ YÜZÜKLERİ
Authors: ÇELİKBAŞ Ersin
Published: October 2018

Yüzükler, kadınlar ve erkekler tarafından süs eşyası, mühür, asalet, rütbe belirtme, nişan, tılsım, nazarlık, anahtar yüzükler ve zehir taşıma gibi işlevsel amaçlarla kullanılmışlardır. El parmaklarına bazen de ayak parmaklarına takılan yüzük halkalarının kesiti yarım daire, kare ince bant gibi farklı biçimlerde olabilmektedir. Düz halka yüzüklerin dışında, kaşlı yüzükler de kullanılmıştır. Yüzük formları zamanla değişerek yeni formlar ortaya çıkmıştır. Tokat Arkeoloji Müzesi’nde yer alan gümüş yüzükler bu makalede katalog çalışması olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında değerlendirilen gümüş yüzükler özellikle Roma ve Geç Roma Dönemi insanının sosyal ve ekonomik durumu, günlük yaşam standartları ve kültürü hakkında vereceği veriler açısından oldukça önemlidir. Müzedeki eserlerin tamamının Tokat ve çevresinden geldiği düşünüldüğünde, bu gurubun analizi Antik Çağ’da önemli bir yerleşim olan bölgenin sosyo- ekonomik kültürel konumu ve çevresindeki şehirler ile olan ilişkileri ve orada yaşayan insanların günlük yaşam şekli üzerine önemli veriler sağlayacaktır. Bu anlamda Tokat Müzesi’ndeki Roma Dönemi gümüş yüzüklerin kataloglanması sonucunda, o dönem Tokat ve çevresi hakkında önemli bilgiler elde edilecek ve bu veriler Arkeolojik araştırmalarda bulunulan diğer eserlerin karşılaştırılmasında kullanılarak ileride yapılacak çalışmalara dayanak oluşturacaktır.
Retórica do caminhar, uma geografia poética
Authors: Almeida Gabriel Antunes Ferreira de
Published: October 2018

Michel de Certeau analisa a arte de guerra com a qual o homem do cotidiano enfrenta as teias pesadas criadas pelas instituições e pelo sistema. O homem é capaz de criar no espaço dado por esses elementos, novos lugares e novos significados. Certeau traça uma história desta relação entre os modos de fazer e os modos de saber. A retórica, alimentada da μῆτις, passa a ser uma prática e um lugar teórico capaz de explicar essa dinâmica entre as forças dos mais fortes e dos mais fracos. O caminhar do pedestre nas ruas da cidade é a metáfora por excelência que Michel de Certeau usa para exemplificar a sua teoria das práticas cotidianas.
As catábases virgilianas (Geórgicas IV e Eneida VI): omniauincit amor
Authors: Penna Heloísa Maria Moraes Moreira
Published: October 2018

No livro IV das Geórgicas, em dois painéis narrativos, o pastor Aristeu e o poeta Orfeu realizam uma jornada pessoal em busca de alcançar objetivos distintos e com resultados bem diversos. Um paralelo de opostos pode ser traçado entre os dois heróis, que vai desde a descida a mundos inacessíveis até a subida ad auras superas com resultados antagônicos. Dentro da visão da totalidade e do continuum da obra virgiliana, a viagem transcendental desses dois personagens prenuncia a catábase de Eneias, no livro VI. Pode-se, então, verificar uma oposição entre Eneias e Orfeu e, por outro lado, uma aproximação entre Eneias e Aristeu. As Geórgicas, como obra do meio da carreira do poeta Virgílio, figura o deus de duas faces Jano: olha para o futuro (a Eneida) sem perder de vista o passado (as Bucólicas).
Uma literatura militante: sobre a correlação de movimento indígena e literatura indígena brasileira contemporânea
Authors: Danner Leno Francisco , Dorrico Julie , Danner Fernando
Published: October 2018

Desde fins de 1970, lideranças, intelectuais e comunidades indígenas organizaram-se em torno do movimento indígena, que congregou povos tradicionais do Brasil e da região amazônica (Venezuela, Equador, Peru, Colômbia, Bolívia), unificando e politizando sua luta, dando-lhe alcance internacional. Nesse contexto, emerge gradativamente a literatura indígena como arena e instrumento de defesa, promoção e publicização desse movimento, e como forma de autoexpressão e autoafirmação, através do relato da condição de exclusão, marginalização e violência sofridas por esses povos. Neste artigo, argumentaremos que a literatura produzida por eles alia-se diretamente ao movimento indígena, de modo a constituir um eu-nós lírico-político ativista, militante e engajado que funda e dinamiza uma voz-práxis política-politizante, carnal e vinculada, que parte da tradição ancestral, comunitária e xamânica e chega à crítica do presente, consolidando a figura do intelectual indígena como sujeito político que publiciza o próprio movimento indígena.
Hubungan kebiasaan merokok dan akne vulgaris pada remaja usia 15-17 tahun
Authors: Prakasita Cintantya , Meiyanti Meiyanti
Published: October 2018

LATAR BELAKANGAcne vulgaris merupakan penyakit self-limiting pada folikel pilosebasea yang sering ditemukan pada remaja. Prevalensi acne vulgaris terbesar terdapat pada remaja usia 16-18 tahun, yaitu sebesar 90%. Kejadian acne vulgaris disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor. Faktor yang berkaitan dengan patogenesis timbulnya acne vulgaris antara lain produksi sebum, jumlah Propionibacterium acne, kadar hormon androgen, stres psikis, usia, ras, familial, makanan, cuaca, dan rokok. Hasil penelitian sebelumnya tentang hubungan kebiasaan merokok dan acne vulgaris menunjukkan hasil yang belum konsisten. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kebiasaan merokok dengan acne vulgaris pada remaja usia 15-17 tahun.

METODEJenis penelitian ini merupakan observational analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan pada 69 remaja usia 15-17 tahun di wilayah Tomang, Jakarta Barat. Sampel dipilih secara consecutive non random sampling. Pemeriksaan acne vulgaris dilakukan oleh dokter spesialis kulit dan data kebiasaan merokok diperoleh dengan pengisian kuesioner. Analisis data menggunakan SPSS versi 24.0. HASILPada penelitian ini melibatkan 69 subyek yang mengalami acne vulgaris. Tiga puluh empat subyek berumur 15 tahun dan 35 subyek berumur 16 tahun. Empat puluh subyek berjenis kelamin perempuan dan 29 subyek laki-laki. Lima belas subyek memiliki kebiasaan merokok. Empat puluh delapan subyek mengalami acne vulgaris derajat ringan. Hasil uji Fisher tidak memperlihatkan hubungan merokok dengan acne vulgaris (p=1.000).

KESIMPULANTidak terdapat hubungan antara kebiasaan merokok dengan acne vulgaris.