bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Recognition of Intersection Traffic Regulations From
Crowdsourced Data
Authors: Zourlidou Stefania , Sester Monika , Hu Shaohan
Published: July 2022

In this paper, a new method is proposed to detect traffic regulations at intersections using GPS traces. The knowledge of traffic rules of regulated locations can help various location-based applications in the context of Smart Cities, such as the accurate estimation of travel time and fuel consumption from a starting point to a destination. Traffic regulations as map features, however, are surprisingly still largely absent from maps, although they do affect traffic flow which in turn affects vehicle idling time at intersections, fuel consumption, CO_2 emissions and arrival time. In addition, mapping them using surveying equipment is costly and any update process has severe time constraints. This fact is precisely the motivation for this study. Therefore, its objective is to propose an automatic, fast, scalable and inexpensive way to identify the type of intersection control (e.g. traffic lights, stop signs). A new method based on summarizing the collective behavior of vehicles crossing intersections is proposed. A modification of a well-known clustering algorithm for detecting stopping and decelerating events is presented. These detected events are then used to categorize vehicle crossing of intersections into four possible traffic categories (p1: free flow, p2: deceleration without stopping events, p3: only one stopping event, p4: more than one stopping event). The percentages of crossings of each class per junction arm, together with other speed/stop/deceleration features, extracted from trajectories, are then used as features to classify the junction arms according to their traffic control type dynamic model). The classification results of the dynamic model are compared with those of the static model, where the classification features are extracted from OpenStreetMap. Finally, a hybrid model is also tested, where a combination of dynamic and static features is used, which outperforms the other two models. For each of the three models, two variants of the feature vector are tested: one where only features associated with a single junction arm are used (one-arm model) and another where features also from neighbouring junction arms of the same junction are used to classify an arm (all-arm model). The methodology was tested on three datasets and the results show that all-arm models perform better than single-arm models with an accuracy of 94\% to 97\%.
The effect of subcutaneous saline irrigation on wound complication after cesarean section: a randomized controlled trial
Authors:   Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital, Cairo, Egypt, Gomaa E.A. , Abou-Gamrah A.A. ,   Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital, Cairo, Egypt, Eltalbanty E.M.M. ,   Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital, Cairo, Egypt, Kamel O.I. ,   Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital, Cairo, Egypt
Published: July 2022

Cesarean delivery (also called cesarean section and cesarean birth) is often cited as the most common surgical procedure performed in an operating room in the United States. Over 1.2 million cesarean deliveries are performed yearly in the United States and comprise almost one-third of births. It is also a common procedure in many countries worldwide, and the rate is generally rising. Objective. The aim of the present study was to assess of the efficacy of subcutaneous saline irrigation of the wound on postoperative surgical site complications. Patients and methods. This prospective randomized controlled trial included 2890 women attending for elective cesarean section the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Ain Shams University Maternity Hospital. Results. The main results of the study revealed that wound irrigation was an independent predictor of reduced incidence of wound complications. Conclusion. This study found that the irrigation of subcutaneous tissue decreases postoperative hematoma and seroma formation in women undergoing primary cesarean section. Key words: subcutaneous saline irrigation, wound complication, cesarean section
Reducing recurrence rates of bacterial vaginosis. Complex treatment approach
Authors:   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Dobrokhotova Yu.E. , Borovkova E.I. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Zaydieva Z.S. ,   City Clinical Hospital No 40, Moscow, Russian Federation, Romanovskaya V.V. ,   Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2022

Objective. To reduce the recurrence rates of bacterial vaginosis by applying a complex two-stage approach to its treatment. Patients and methods. Patients with bacterial vaginosis were divided into three groups. Group 1 (n = 30) received treatment with Metronidazole (vaginal) 500 mg 2 times a day for 7 days; group 2 (n = 30) was treated with Lactobacillus casei rhamnosus Doderleini (1 vaginal capsule daily for 14 days); in group 3 (n = 29), patients received Acylact DUO (1 vaginal suppository daily for 10 days) at the second stage of treatment. Patient age in group 1 was 30.7 ± 4.4 years, in group 2 – 29.7 ± 4.3 years, in group 3 – 27.1 ± 2.4 years. Results. The qualitative and quantitative composition of the vaginal microbiota one month after treatment showed that patients in group 1 had the lowest level of Lactobacilli and the highest titers and diversity of microflora, while patients in group 3 had the highest level of Lactobacilli. Three months after the end of treatment, the level of bacterial contamination remained within the range of 5 lg in patients in groups 2 and 3, while patients in group 1 had it higher than 106 Ge/mL. The level of Lactobacilli in group 3 was higher than in groups 1 and 2. Absolute normocenosis of the vaginal microbiota was revealed in 56.7% of patients in group 1, in 80% of patients in group 2, and in 82.7% of patients in group 3 six months after the end of treatment. Conclusion. The use of a two-stage approach to bacterial vaginosis treatment is effective and reduces recurrence rates with a six-month follow-up. Key words: bacterial vaginosis, Acylact DUO, Lactobacillus crispatus
Efficacy of local cytokine therapy in the complex treatment of HPV-associated cervicitis
Authors:   Far Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Pestrikova T.Yu. , Astafyeva A.S. ,   Far Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation, Yurasova E.A. ,   Far Eastern State Medical University, Khabarovsk, Russian Federation
Published: July 2022

Objective. To study the efficacy of local cytokine therapy with Superlymph® 25 units in the complex treatment of chronic cervicitis (vaginitis) combined with other lower urinary tract infections and associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Patients and methods. We conducted a comprehensive examination of 123 women aged 18 to 35, who were divided into two clinical groups. The control group included 50 patients with clinical and laboratory parameters corresponding to the standard reference ranges. The study group included 73 patients diagnosed with HPV-associated cervicitis and lower urinary tract infections. The laboratory examination included a vaginal pH test using colposcopy (colpotest), bacterioscopic and bacteriological methods, and a real-time polymerase chain reaction method. HPV typing was performed using a “Quantum 21” test. Results. Local cytokine therapy in the complex treatment of chronic cervicitis in patients with lower urinary tract infections contributes to the statistically significant restoration of vaginal microbiocenosis, promotes the growth of Lactobacillus biotype (p < 0.001), reduces cervicitis and cystitis recurrence rates during the year (p < 0.001), accelerates HPV elimination and reduces viral load (p < 0.001). Conclusion. The use of local cytokine therapy with Superlymph® 25 units in the complex treatment of chronic cervicitis (vaginitis) in patients with lower urinary tract infections contributes to the restoration of vaginal microbiocenosis and reduction of cervicitis and cystitis recurrence rates during the year. Key words: human papillomavirus, cervicitis, lower urinary tract infections, cytokine therapy
Assessment of electrolyte balance and oximetry of umbilical cord blood in newborns with fetal growth restriction
Authors:   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Samchuk P.M. , Tsaroeva I.Kh. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Ishchenko A.I. ,   I.M.Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation, Azoeva E.L. ,   V.V.Veresaev City Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: July 2022

Objective. To study the characteristics of oximetry and electrolyte balance of umbilical cord arterial and venous blood in newborns with fetal growth restriction. Patients and methods. Laboratory analysis of oximetry and electrolyte balance in blood samples from the umbilical artery and vein in 40 newborns after vaginal delivery at term and uncomplicated pregnancy (the control group) and in 30 newborns with fetal growth restriction after vaginal delivery at term (the study group) was performed. Results. The analysis revealed that the levels of FHbF, pO2, sO2, FO2Hb, FCOHb, cCa2+ and ctO2 in umbilical cord venous blood in the study group were significantly higher than in the control group, while the levels of pCO2, p50, FHHb were significantly lower (p < 0.05). The comparative evaluation of pH, Hct, ctHb, cK+, FMetHb, cNa+, cCl–, mOsm showed no differences between the groups (p > 0.05). The levels of pCO2, FHbF, pO2, sO2, FO2Hb, FCOHb and ctO2 in umbilical cord arterial blood in the study group were significantly higher than in the control group, while the levels of p50, FHHb were significantly lower (p < 0.05). The comparative evaluation of pH, Hct, ctHb, FMetHb, cNa+, сК+, сСа2+, cCl–, mOsm showed no differences between the groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion. Statistically significant differences between the parameters of oximetry and electrolyte balance of umbilical cord arterial and venous blood in fetal growth restriction provide additional information for objective assessment of the newborn’s physical condition. Key words: blood gas analysis, umbilical cord arterial and venous blood, gas-electrolyte composition, gas analyzer, fetal growth restriction, umbilical cord blood oximetry
DIRECTORS OF THE KHARKIV TRACTOR PLANT AND THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: Pysarska Nataliia , Yepifanov Vitalii , Samorodov Vadym
Published: July 2022

The life's journey and contribution of the Kharkiv Tractor Plant directors to the enterprise's activities, including the production of examples of the new technique, were studied in the work. The practices analysis of each of the plant's seniors shows that these are people who are dedicated to their work and, no matter how the economic and political situation in the state develops, the directors tried to do everything for improving the enterprise's activities and modernising of the products. For the entire period of work (90 years), the Kharkiv Tractor Plant has produced more than three million tractors and other heavy-duty special-purpose machines. How the fate of the plant and its products is intertwined with the fate of the directors was shown
PROFESSIONAL-EXTREME COMPETENCE OF FUTURE PSYCHOLOGISTS OPERATIONAL AND RESCUE SERVICE
Authors: Sirko Roksolana , Hodii Liliia
Published: July 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of theoretical aspects of the concepts “competence”, “professional competence”, “professional-extreme competence” in various scientific sources. The etymology and lexical meaning of the term “competence” were analyzed, it was established that the development of professional-extreme competence is important for specialists working in extreme conditions and situations. Under professional-extreme competence we understand a complex system of activity-role (knowledge, skills, abilities) and personal (professionally important qualities) characteristics that provide the ability and willingness of the specialist to effectively perform professional tasks in special and extreme conditions.
FORMATION OF LEADERSHIP POTENTIAL OF INTELLECTUAL
Authors: Нura Tatyana , Ponomaryov Olexandr
Published: July 2022

The importance of the leadership qualities development of representatives of various strata of the intelligentsia as an important prerequisite for the successful implementation of their social mission is substantiated. It is shown that proper leadership potential in combination with high general and professional culture of an intellectual and his rich spiritual world significantly increases the opportunities and creative activity of an intellectual and his influence on the spirituality and culture of the general population. The meaning of the concepts of intelligence of a leader and leadership of an intellectual is analyzed, and their role in the processes of social development is revealed. The goals, content and nature of the formation of traits and qualities of leadership and intelligence of future professionals are revealed. The possibility of using the synergetic effect that arises as a result of targeted development of the qualities of intelligence and leadership of students as future professionals in the process of forming their professional and social competence is considered.
A COMMON GROUND BETWEEN NEUROSCIENCES AND ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN: EMPATHY, EMBODIMENT, EMOTION
Authors:   Politecnico di Milano, Italy Department of Architecture and Urban Design, Milan, Piazza Leonardo Da Vinci 32, Marco Marco , Bonenberg Agata ,   Politechnika Poznańska, Poland Wydział Architektury Dyrektor Instytutu Architektury Wnętrz i Wzornictwa Przemysłowego
Published: July 2022

In the last decade, the increasing popularity of neuroscience has involved architecture. Both neuroscientists and architects have endeavoured to understand how the experience of architecture works from the standpoint of cognitive functioning. This has been possible thanks to the neuroimaging techniques such as fMRI and discoveries like mirror neurons. These researches, despite their outstanding quality, are difficult to implement for what concerns the practice of architectural design. However, there is a common ground where architectural theory, phenomenology and neuroscience intersect, represented by empathy, embodiment, and emotion. They are the frame of the awareness of space and the counterpart of the visual perception. The main goal of design is to make the living space but to take a meaning, it has to be the “negative” of the human body. This process comes into existence through “old” tools, i.e. the mentioned empathy, embodiment, and emotion. Still, they can get a new meaning if their traditional hermeneutic is blended with the latest knowledge provided by neurosciences.
Efektifitas Pembelajaran Daring Di Mts Swasta Proyek Kandepag Pada Masa Pandemi Covid 19
Authors: Maulida Rizki , Syahputra Andrian
Published: July 2022

Pembelajaran selama covid 19 memberdayakan pembelajaran dalam jaringan yang umum disebut pembelajaran daring. Selama 2 semester pembelajaran daring sudah berlangsung di sekolah MTS Swasta Proyek Kandepag. Memandang waktu yang berlangsung dalam pembelajran during ini maka efektifitas pembelajaran juga harus dinilai di sekolah yang melaksanakan pembelajaran during. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat efektifitas pembelajaran di MTS Swasta Proyek Kandepag selama masa covid 19. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa MTS Swasta Proyek Kandepag sebanyak 283 siswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode survei yaitu memberikan angket kepada siswa yang dpat diisi secara online. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat dilihat bahwa 75% siswa menyatakan proses pembelajaran daring kurang baik dalam pelaksanaannya disekolah. Hal ini disebabkan karena sumberdaya manusia baik guru maupun siswa masih sangat rendah dalam memberdayakan tekhnologi yang dapat digunakan pada proses pembelajaran daring.
Diagnosis Diagnosa Kesulitan Siswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal SPLTV Melalui Pemetaan Kognitif Berbasis Polya dan Upaya Mengatasi dengan Scaffolding
Authors: Wahab Abdul Wahab A , Sunarti Sunarti
Published: July 2022

Abstrak.

 Penelitian ini mengungkap diagnosa kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan sistem persamaan linear tiga variabel dan upaya mengatasinya dengan tindakan scaffolding . Pendekatan yang dikakai dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Siswa diberikan 3 soal sistem persamaan linier tiga variabel, siswa kemudian dipilih 3 siswa yang dijadikan sebagai subjek penelitian yaitu siswa kategori berkemampuan matematis rendah, sedang dan tinggi dengan pertimbangan komunikasi yang baik di kelas X MIPA 6 SMA Negeri 1 Parepare. Data yang diperoleh dari hasil kerja siswa saat mengerjakan tes, saat wawancara, dan saat mempersembahkan scaffolding. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan melalui pemetaan kognitif berbasis polia bahwa kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan sistem persamaan linier tiga variabel: Pertama kesulitan memahami masalah (memahami masalah) kesulitan ini dapat terjadi akibat adanya lubang-lubang kognisi yang seharusnya tidak dialami siswa untuk jenjang kelasnya , seperti pengetahuan mengenai operasi, perhitungan aljabar, konsep dasar segitiga dll, Kedua rencana penyelesaian (Devising a plan)terlihat dari sulitnya siswa memodelkan masalah kontekstual ke dalam model matemis, Ketiga melakukan perencanaan penyelesaian (Melaksanakan rencana) terlihat melalui masih ada kesalahan siswa saat melakukan operasi perhitungan aljabar, maupun penggunaan prinsip/prinsip matematis yang benar. Dari kesulitan tersebut peneliti mencoba mengatasinya dengan melakukan tindakan scaffolding level 2 yang merujuk pada tehnis yang dikemukakan oleh Anghileri yang meliputi ( explaining, reviewing, and restructuring ).   

 

Kata Kunci: Scaffoling, Pemetaan Kognitif, Teori Polya
El impacto demográfico de la COVID-19 durante 2020 y sus diferencias regionales. ¿Cómo afectará la pandemia al futuro de la población española?
Authors: González Leonardo Miguel , Spijker Jeroen
Published: July 2022

Varios estudios han documentado el efecto de la COVID-19 en la mortalidad y en los nacimientos, pero se ha prestado menos atención a su impacto en las migraciones. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar qué consecuencias ha tenido la pandemia en los nacimientos, las defunciones y las migraciones durante 2020 en el conjunto de España y en las Comunidades Autónomas (CC.AA.) de Madrid, Cataluña, Baleares, Castilla y León, Asturias y Andalucía, comparando los datos registrados con una proyección de población en ausencia de pandemia. Seguidamente, se realiza una proyección hasta 2031 para evaluar el posible impacto, a nivel nacional, en dichos componentes demográficos, la población total y su estructura durante la próxima década según tres escenarios. Nuestros resultados muestran que en 2020 hubo un exceso de defunciones del 16,2 %, con un impacto desigual a escala regional. Los nacimientos se redujeron un 6,5 %, sin grandes variaciones entre las CC.AA. analizadas. Sin embargo, el componente más afectado fue la inmigración internacional, con un descenso del 35,9 %, mientras que la emigración disminuyó un 23,8 %. La reducción de la inmigración tuvo un gran impacto en las regiones más dinámicas y receptoras de flujos exteriores, liderando un notable descenso del crecimiento poblacional esperado sin pandemia, pese a que continuó siendo positivo. La caída de este componente, junto al exceso de mortalidad, también intensificó el decrecimiento poblacional en las CC.AA. en declive demográfico, que no fue compensado por un cambio de signo negativo a positivo en las migraciones internas. En cuanto a la proyección de población a nivel nacional hasta 2031, se observa que, si se recuperaran en 2022 los valores de migraciones internacionales y de fecundidad esperados sin pandemia, el tamaño y la estructura de la población apenar se verán afectados a medio plazo. No obstante, si la recuperación se prolongara, la estructura etaria se verá notablemente afectada, principalmente en las regiones con una dinámica demográfica recesiva.
Evolución del discurso de la Unión Europea sobre la seguridad en la región del Ártico
Authors: López Tárraga Ana Belén
Published: July 2022

El Ártico fue un relevante punto de tensión durante la Guerra Fría. Años después, el calentamiento global está produciendo transformaciones geográficas que dejan al descubierto diferentes posibilidades para la explotación de las riquezas árticas. Este abanico de oportunidades ha elevado las tensiones entre Rusia y Estados Unidos y Europa. Desde 2008, la Unión Europea está desarrollando su propia política para el espacio ártico, siendo la seguridad uno de los principales retos que ha de abordar como organización internacional. Este artículo examina esta política ártica europea a través de la teoría de los órdenes de justificación para identificar la evolución de las cuestiones relativas a la seguridad y la defensa en el discurso de la Unión Europea sobre el territorio ártico. Se ha utilizado el software N-Vivo para codificar el contenido de los documentos fundamentales publicados por la UE hasta 2021 referidos a la región ártica. Los resultados demuestran que los asuntos de seguridad han pasado de ocupar un segundo plano a constituir uno de los ejes fundamentales de la política ártica europea en la actualidad.
A Neonatal Sepsis Prediction Algorithm Using Electronic Medical Record (EMR) Data from Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH)
Authors: Ezeobi Dennis Peace , Wasswa William , Musimenta Angella , Kyoyagala Stella
Published: July 2022

BackgroundNeonatal sepsis is a significant cause of neonatal death and has been a major challenge worldwide. The difficulty in early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis leads to delay in treatment. The early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis has been predicted to improve neonatal outcomes. The use of machine learning techniques with the relevant screening parameters provides new ways of understanding neonatal sepsis and having possible solutions to tackle the challenges it presents. This work proposes an algorithm for predicting neonatal sepsis using electronic medical record (EMR) data from Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH) that can improve the early recognition and treatment of sepsis in neonates.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on datasets composed of de-identified electronic medical records collected between 2015 to 2019. The dataset contains records of 482 neonates hospitalized in Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda. The proposed algorithm implements Support Vector Machine (SVM), Logistic regression (LR), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), Naïve Bayes (NB), and Decision tree (DT) algorithms, which were trained, tested, and compared based on the acquired data. The performance of the proposed algorithm was evaluated by comparing it with the physician's diagnosis. The experiment used a Stratified K-fold cross-validation technique to evaluate the performance of the models. Statistical significance of the experimental results was carried out using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test. ResultsThe results of this study show that the proposed algorithm (with the lowest Sensitivity of 95%, lowest Specificity of 95%) outperformed the physician diagnosis (Sensitivity = 89%, Specificity = 11%). SVM model with radial basis function, polynomial kernels, and DT model (with the highest AUROC values of 98%) performed better than the other models in predicting neonatal sepsis as their results were statistically significant.ConclusionsThe study provides evidence that the combination of maternal risk factors, neonatal clinical signs, and laboratory tests effectively diagnose neonatal sepsis. Based on the study result, the proposed algorithm can help identify neonatal sepsis cases as it exceeded clinicians' sensitivity and specificity. A prospective study is warranted to test the algorithm's clinical utility, which could provide a decision support aid to clinicians.
Central Sensitization in Adolescents with Hypermobility Spectrum Disorder or Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome – a Feasibility Study
Authors: Hjalmarsson Elke Schubert , Fasth Anders , Ickmans Kelly , Mårdbrink Eva-Lott , Söderpalm Ann-Charlott , Lundberg Mari
Published: July 2022

Background: Pain is a major symptom in adolescents with Hypermobility Spectrum Disorder or Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome. Although the underlying mechanism causing generalized pain in children with Hypermobility Spectrum Disorder or Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome is unclear, central sensitization has been suggested as a possible explanation. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility of a study protocol investigating features of central sensitization in adolescents with Hypermobility Spectrum Disorder or Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome.Methods: Central sensitization features were measured in ten patients and nine healthy controls aged 13–17 years via experimental pain measurement quantifying primary and secondary hyperalgesia, endogenous pain modulation, and exercise-induced hyperalgesia.Descriptive statistics were used. Frequency, median, and range values were calculated.Results: The process of assessing primary and secondary hyperalgesia, endogenous pain modulation, and exercise-induced hyperalgesia was well tolerated by all participants (patients and controls). When assessing endogenous pain modulation via conditioned pain modulation, two participants in the patient group and three in the control group did not achieve a pain experience > 3 on the numerical rating scale when immersing their hand in cold water.Conclusion: This study investigated the feasibility, safety, and toleration of experimental pain measurements in adolescents with Hypermobility Spectrum Disorder or Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome. Although the test protocol proved to be sufficiently feasible for use with the participant group, it will need to be adapted in the main study in order to obtain more reliable data.Trial registration: Researchweb.org, project number 270501, date of registration 9 May 2019, https://www.researchweb.org/is/se/vgr/project/270501 Funding: This study has received funding from Region Västra Götaland’s Health and Medical Care Executive Board.
In vitro and preclinical evaluation of activities of Origanum vulgare essential oil and its two phenolic compounds on clinical isolates of Candida spp
Authors: Stringaro Annarita , Colone Marisa , Cecchetti Serena , Zeppetella Elisa , Spadaro Francesca , Angiolella Letizia
Published: July 2022

A limited therapeutic arsenal is currently available against Candida infections that show high resistance to antifungal agents. For this reason, there is a great need to prioritize testing therapeutic agents for the treatment of candidiasis. The use of essential oils and their phytoconstituents has been emphasized as a new therapeutic approach. The cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH), polysaccharide content, antimicrobial activity of essential oil from Origanum vulgare L. (OVEO), and its two phenolic compounds carvacrol and thymol were evaluated in four different Candida spp. (Candida albicans and emerging non-albicans Candida (NAC) species such as C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei). The results showed the deep differences between Candida species; for example, C. tropicalis revealed higher resistance than other strains to different natural molecule treatments. The ultrastructural variabilities in the biomembranes and cell walls of these Candida spp. might explain the different biological effects observed after OVEO, carvacrol and thymol treatments. Therefore, to study the biological effects of these natural compounds on Candida strains, the samples were observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Moreover, the release of cellular materials and their “in vivo” antimicrobial activity on infected G. mellonella larvae were evaluated.
On-line detection of orientation of cellulose nanocrystals in a capillary flow with polarization sensitive optical coherence tomography
Authors: Jäsberg Ari , Puisto Antti , Leppänen Ilona , Koponen Antti I , Alava Mikko J
Published: July 2022

Significant importance in the stiffness of materials, such as filaments and films, made of elongated components, has been attributed to orientation. Thus, the control of orientation during the manufacturing of materials has been the target of process optimization for long time. Measuring orientation during the process allows to better grasp the means to control it. In fact, such on-line tools would enable on-fly process control and optimization improving the flexibility with regards to the raw materials used, and the application requirements. In this article, we will discuss a method based on Polarization Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography utilized as a light-weight on-line measurement tool of particle (here cellulose nanocrystals) orientation for the purposes of manufacturing next generation products by providing the appropriate interpretation of the retardation images with the help of modelling.
Development and validation of peritoneal metastasis in gastric cancer based on simplified clinicopathological features and serum tumour markers
Authors: Yang Jia , Su Hongtao , Chen Tao , Chen Xinhua , Chen Hao , Li Guoxin , Yu Jiang
Published: July 2022

Background:
Peritoneal metastasis (PM) is not uncommon in patients with gastric cancer(GC), which affects the clinical treatment decisions, but the relevant examination measures are not efficient detection. Our goal is to develop a clinical radiomics nomogram to better predict peritoneal metastases.
Methods:
3480 patients from 2 centers were divided into 1 training, 1 internal validation, and 1 external validation cohorts (1949 in the internal training set and 704 in the validation set, and 827 in the external validation cohorts) with clinicopathologically confirmed GC. We recruited 11 clinical factors including age, sex, smoke or not, tumor size, differentiation, Borrmann type, Location, T stage, serum tumor markers (STMs) comprising carbohydrate antigen 19 − 9 (CA19-9), carbohydrate antigen 72 − 4 (CA72-2), and carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) to develop the radiomics nomogram. For clinical predictive feature selection and establish clinical models, the Statistical methods of analysis of variance (ANOVA), relief and recursive feature elimination (RFE) and logistic regression analysis were used. To develop combined predictive models, tumor diameters, type, tumor location, T stage and STMs were finally selected. The discriminative ability of the nomogram to predict PM is evaluated by the AUC, decision curve analysis (DCA) was conducted to evaluate the clinical usefulness of the nomogram.
Results:
The AUC of clinical models was 0.762 in the training cohorts, 0.772 in the internal validation cohorts, and 0.758 in the external validation cohort. However, when combined with STMs, the AUC was improved to 0.806,0.839 and 0.801 respectively. DCA analysed that the combined nomogram was of good clinical evaluation value to predict PM in GC.
Conclusions
The present study proposed a clinical nomogram with a combination of clinical risk factors and radiomics features that can potentially be applied in the individualized preoperative prediction of PM in GC patients.
Evaluation of Arsenic Pollution and Anaerobic Arsenic-Metabolizing Bacteria of Lake Van, the World's Largest Soda Lake
Authors: OMEROGLU ESRA ERSOY
Published: July 2022

Arsenic is responsible for water pollution in many places in the World and presents a serious health risk for people. Lake Van is in the position of the world's largest soda lake and there are no studies on seasonal arsenic pollution and arsenic resistant bacteria. So, it was aimed to determine arsenic amount of lake water and sediment, to isolate arsenic metabolizing anaerobic bacteria and their identification and determination of arsenic metabolism. Sampling was done from 7.5 meters to represent the four seasons. Metal contents were determined by using ICP-MS. Pure cultures were obtained using the hungate technique. Growth characteristics of the strains were determined at different conditions as well as at arsenate and arsenite concentrations. Molecular studies were also carried out for various resistance genes. Our results showed that Lake Van’s total arsenic amount changes seasonally. As a result of 16S rRNA sequencing, it was determined that the isolates were the members of 8 different genera had arsC resistance gene. In conclusion; for the sustainability of water resources, it is necessary to prevent chemical and microorganism-based pollution. It is thought that the arsenic resistant bacteria obtained as a result of this study will contribute to the solution of environmental arsenic pollution problems, as they are the first data and provide the necessary basic data for the bioremediation studies of arsenic from contaminated environmental habitat. At the same time, the first data that will contribute to the creation of the seasonal arsenic map of Lake Van are obtained.
Classical music restored fertility status in rat model of premature ovarian failure
Authors: Nazdikbin Nahideh , Ashrafi Mojtaba Alizadeh , Abbasi Hamed , Amjadi Farhad , Geranmayeh Mohammad Hossein , Shirazi Reza , Tamadon Amin , Rahbarghazi Reza , Mahdipour Mahdi
Published: July 2022

Background
The restorative effect of classical music was assessed on the cyclophosphamide-induced animal model of premature ovarian failure (POF).
Methods
Mozart's piano classical music (K.448) was used for up to 4 and 8 weeks. Rats were exposed to music 6 hours every day using a stereo system with a volume of 65–70 dB. Sera and ovarian tissue samples were collected for the evaluation of FSH, LH, and E2 and histopathological examination. At the same time points, samples were taken from the hypothalamus and hippocampus to monitor the expression of Ntrk2, Crh, and Pomc using real-time PCR. Mating trial was performed to evaluate the fertility status of POF rats.
Results
Histopathological examination revealed a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the numbers of morphologically normal follicles at all the developmental stages in POF rats after music therapy compared to the POF group (p < 0.05). Music therapy decreased FSH and LH levels to near-to-normal levels conidied with elevation of E2 (p < 0.05). Ntrk2, Crh, and Pomc expressions were down-regulated in POF rats. Music therapy increasaed the expression of Ntrk2 in the hypothalamus of POF rats (p < 0.05). In contrast, Crh and Pomc failed to reach the detection limit before intervention and four weeks after the intervention however, these genes were expressed eight weeks after music therapy. Fertility status was increased (p < 0.05) in terms of litter size in POF rats after being exposed to music compared to the non-treated POF control group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Results showed that music can exert therapeutic effects on POF rats via the alteration of sex-related hormones.
An electric circuit model of the Earth’s polar electrojets and field-aligned currents for the estimation of magnetospheric magnetic field from along-track Swarm magnetic data
Authors: Martinec Zdenek , Velimsky Jakub
Published: July 2022

This study deals with the analysis of Swarm vector magnetic data in order to create a circuit model of electric currents flowing in the Earth's polar ionosphere and the inner magnetosphere. The model is composed of a system of two dimensional electric currents representing the magnetic fields of three-dimensional ionospheric polar electrojets (PEJs), the field-aligned currents (FACs), magnetospheric ring currents (MRCs) and magnetospherically induced electric currents inside the Earth (MICs) for each Swarm track. The aim of this paper is to model PEJ and FAC magnetic fields in terms of electric currents on a track-by-track base, subtract those magnetic fields from along-track Swarm magnetic data and estimate the magnetospheric magnetic field (MMF) in discrete time bins. The proposed method is primarily intended to apply to Swarm signals recorded during magnetic storms. The electric circuit model is set up in three steps. After subtracting the main, lithospheric, Sq ionospheric and oceanic tidal magnetic fields from along-track Swarm magnetic signals, the residuals are grouped in 1-h time bins and adjusted by the magnetic field of a two-circular loop model of MRCs and MICs represented by 3✖2 parameters of the electric circular loops in the magnetosphere and the Earth. The adjustment is carried out for the X and Z magnetic field components only because the Y component contains a large signal due to FACs. In the second step, the modelled MRC-MIC magnetic field is removed from the original residuals and the reduced residuals are adjusted by the magnetic field of a system of two-dimensional electric circuits in the polar ionosphere and FACs. The circuit model is set up according to known geometry of PEJs and FACs. In the final step, the modelled magnetic fields of PEJs and FACs are subtracted from the original residuals and all three magnetic field components are adjusted by the MRC-MIC model, named MMC, in a similar way as in the first step. Reliability of the approach is demonstrated by the scatter plots of model MMC showing a significantly better agreement with Swarm magnetic field residuals than the existing MMFs.
Motion-amplitude-dependent nonlinear VIV model and maximum response over a full bridge span
Authors: Zhang Zhitian
Published: July 2022

Nonlinear vortex-induced vibration (VIV) performances of a bridge section are investigated in terms of motion amplitude (yT) dependent energy-trapping properties. Energy-trapping properties of a model undergoing a full-process from still to a limit cycle oscillation (LCO) state are determined. A van der Pol-type model is used to describe the amplitude-dependent VIV performances. Nonlinear parameter-amplitude relations, ε–yT and ξε–yT , are established. Nonlinear aerodynamic damping during the VIV lock-in range is separated into two parts: the initial damping which varies with the reduced wind speed, and the ε–related part which varies with both the reduced wind speed and the motion amplitude. The initial aerodynamic damping determines the threshold of VIV, while the ε–related part dominates the evolution process and the LCO. The identified nonlinear analytical model is capable of predicting VIV responses at higher mechanical damping ratios. The energy-trapping properties of a section model in time are transformed into nonlinear distribution properties in space along an elongated 3-D elastic bridge span. According to this “time-space” transformation, the convection coefficient, which links the maximum response of a 3-D structure with that of a 2-D sectional model can be determined. Compared with a constant-parameter analytical model, a nonlinear model results in significantly larger convection coefficients. Finally, parameter overflowing phenomena are revealed.
Oxidative Degradation of Dihydrofolate Reductase Increases CD38-Mediated Ferroptosis Susceptibility
Authors: Ma Yingying , Yi Meiqi , Wang Weixuan , Xiaohui Liu , Wang Qingtao , Liu Chongdong , Chen Yuling , Deng Haiteng
Published: July 2022

High expression of CD38 in tissues is a characteristic of aging, resulting in a decline in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and increasing cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, whether CD38 increases susceptibility to ferroptosis remains largely unexplored. Our previous study showed that CD38 overexpression decreased dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). In the present study, we confirmed that high expression of CD38 increased ROS levels and induced DHFR degradation, which was prevented by nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) replenishment. We further revealed that ROS-mediated sulfonation on Cys7 of DHFR induced its degradation via the proteasome pathway while C7A mutation abolished ROS-induced DHFR degradation. Moreover, oxidative degradation of DHFR was responsible for the increased ferroptosis susceptibility in cells in which CD38 was highly expressed. We also found that CD38 expression was higher in bone-marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs) from aged mice than that from young mice, while DHFR level was lower. Consequently, we demonstrated that BMDMs from aged mice were more susceptible to ferroptosis that can be reverted by NMN replenishment, suggesting that CD38 high expression rendered cells more susceptible to ferroptosis. Taken together, these results indicated that CD38-mediated NAD+ decline promoted DHFR oxidative degradation, thus resulting in increased cellular susceptibility to ferroptosis and suggested that NMN replenishment may protect macrophages from ferroptosis in aged mice.
One-pot preparation of magnetic nitrogen-doped porous carbon from lignin for efficient and selective adsorption of organic pollutants
Authors: Tian Yuxin , Yin Yanbo , Jia Zuoyu , Lou Hongming , Zhou Haifeng
Published: July 2022

Efficient and rapid capture of organic pollutants from wastewater is an urgent problem to be solved by adsorbents. Nitrogen-doped magnetic porous carbon (M-PLAC) with three-dimensional porous structure was synthesized from lignin to adsorb MB and TC in wastewater. M-PLAC had high specific surface area (1252.21 m2/g) and N element content (7.44%). The calculated equilibrium adsorption amount by M-PLAC for MB and TC was 645.52 and 1251.09 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption of MB and TC on M-PLAC conformed to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, demonstrating that the adsorption process was attributed to chemisorption. The excellent adsorption performance was a synergistic effect among various adsorption mechanisms. The removal of MB and TC by M-PLAC showed fast and efficient characteristics, and exhibited high selectivity for TC in binary system. In addition, M-PLAC was suitable for a variety of complex water environments and had good regeneration performance, demonstrating potential advantages in practical wastewater treatment.
ACCT: Automatic Cell Counting with Trainable Weka Segmentation
Authors: Kataras Theodore J. , Jang Tyler J. , Koury Jeffery , Singh Hina , Kaul Marcus
Published: July 2022

Counting cells is a cornerstone of tracking disease progression in neuroscience. A common approach for this process is having trained researchers individually select and count cells within an image, which is not only difficult to standardize but also very time-consuming. While tools exist to automatically count cells in images, the accuracy and accessibility of such tools can be improved. Thus, we introduce a novel tool ACCT: Automatic Cell Counting with Trainable Weka Segmentation which allows for flexible automatic cell counting via object segmentation after user-driven training. ACCT is demonstrated with a comparative analysis of publicly available images of neurons and an in-house dataset of immunofluorescence-stained microglia cells. For comparison, both datasets were manually counted to demonstrate the applicability of ACCT as an accessible means to automatically quantify cells in a precise manner without the need for computing clusters or advanced data preparation.
Molecular and Physiological Mechanisms of Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) Leaf and Root in Response to Nitrogen Deficiency
Authors: Lin Zheng-He , Chen Chang-Song , Zhao Shui-Qing , Liu Yuan , Zhong Qiu-Sheng , Ruan Qi-Chun , Chen Zhi-Hui , You Xiao-Mei , Shan Rui-Yang , Li Xin-Lei , Zhang Ya-Zhen
Published: July 2022

Background: As an economically important crop, tea is strongly nitrogen-dependent. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying the response of N deficiency in tea are not fully understood. Tea cultivar “Chunlv” [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] were cultured with nutrient solution with 0 mM (N-deficiency) or 3 (control) mM NH4NO3 in 6 L pottery pots containing clean river sands. Results: N deficiency significantly decreased N content and biomass,Chl content, NR, NiR and GOGAT activity, but increased the content of total flavonoids in tea leaves. N deficiency delayed the sprouting time of tea buds. By using RNA-seq technique and subsequent bioinformatics analysis, 3050 up-regulated and 2688 down-regulated DEGs were isolated in tea leaf in response to N deficiency. However, only 1025 genes were up-regulated and 744 down-regulated in roots. GO term enrichment analysis showed that 205 DEGs in tea leaves were enriched in seven GO terms and 152 DEGs in tea roots were enriched in 11 GO items based on P < 0.05. In tea leaves, most of GO-enriched DEGs were involved in chlorophyll a/b binding activities, photosynthetic performance and transport activities in tea leaves. But most of DEGs in tea roots were involved in the metabolism of carbohydrate and plant hormone with regard to the GO terms of biological processes. It is worth mentioning that N deficiency significantly increased the expression level of phosphate transporter genes, which indicated that N deficiency might impair phosphorus metabolism in tea leaves. Furthermore, some DEGs, such as NATs, probable anion transporter 3 and high affinity nitrate transporter 2.7, might be of great potential on improving the tolerance of N deficiency in tea plants and further study could work on this area in the future. Conclusions: These results increased our knowledge about physiological and molecular mechanisms of tea plant in response to N limited condition.
ABX-1431 inhibits the development of endometrial adenocarcinoma and reverses progesterone resistance by regulating the MGLL-ROS/AKR1C1 pathway
Authors: Jiang Jie , Qiu Chunping , Ma Xiaohong , Xia Min , Guo Kui , Wei Lina , Sun Rui , Liu Yao
Published: July 2022

Endometrial cancer is a common gynecological malignancy. With the delay of female fertility, conservative treatment with progesterone has been an important option for patients trying to preserve reproductive function. However, the progesterone resistance becomes a huge challenge and it is urgent to clarify the mechanism so as to propose a potential target and inhibit the development of endometrial adenocarcinoma and progesterone resistance. MGLL, an important factor involved in lipid mobilization, is overexpressed in many tumors, however the biological function of MGLL in the development of endometrial adenocarcinoma and the process of progesterone resistance still remains unclear. In this study, we first found MGLL was highly expressed in endometrial adenocarcinoma specimens by bioinformatics analysis, RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry and then we found the expression was further increased in progesterone resistant samples. Through in vitro and in vivo experiments, we demonstrated that overexpression of MGLL promoted tumor proliferation, metastasis and the occurrence of progestogen resistance, knockdown MGLL inhibited tumor proliferation, metastasis and reversed progestogen resistance. In addition, knockdown of MGLL can sensitize endometrial adenocarcinoma cells to progesterone by affecting ROS generation and reducing the expression of AKR1C1. Finally, it was verified that ABX-1431, MGLL inhibitor, reversed progesterone resistance and enhanced the sensitivity of endometrial adenocarcinoma to progesterone both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, the high expression of MGLL is involved in the occurrence and development of endometrial adenocarcinoma and progesterone resistance. Targeted inhibition of MGLL by inhibitors may be an effective method for the treatment of progesterone resistance in endometrial adenocarcinoma.