bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing the quality of teachers' work with an emphasis on individualized educational programs
Authors: Bjelopoljak Šejla
Published: December 2022

The specificity of work in regular classes is certainly emphasized by the competencies of teachers to respond to the challenges of individualization of teaching and to provide an individual plan of progress in the educational process, depending on the planned support to the child. Teachers are often dissatisfied due to high expectations of themselves or the system, and there is no empirically based feedback on the quality of their work. In practice, there are also arguments at the expense of poor-quality work that teachers attach more importance to teaching content at the expense of the most important factor in the educational process - students. However, what if these facts do not apply to teachers who are child-oriented? Namely, the aim of the paper was to examine the quality of teachers' work in the process of creating individualized educational programs taking into account the challenges, working with students of different ages in the classroom and subject teaching. The results confirm that the teachers individualize educational programs in cases of support due to the developmental difficulties of children and that there is no statistically significant difference in work depending on the age of the children. This category of teachers is homogeneous. The results also confirm that it is unjustified to talk about the orientation to educational areas and only then to the student. Only 2.3% of teachers are impressed by the areas of socialization, literacy, mathematics and school skills when designing individualized educational programs. At the same time, this way of working speaks in favor of the teacher as the role model by which we can achieve the quality of upbringing and education for every child.
Börtön mint a szabadság kapuja? A hagyományos zsidóság álláspontja a börtönbüntetéssel kapcsolatban
Authors: Faith Aser Ákos
Published: December 2022

Aim: According to Jewish religious philosophy, the purpose of life is to transform the world into a deeply spiritual place pleasing to God. To put someone behind bars is to prevent him from fulfilling this duty. Yet, there is good reason to believe that prison, with proper spiritual guidance, is also an opportunity for prisoners to evaluate themselves realistically and objectively and to plan steps for improvement and spiritual growth. It is the truth of this view that I wish to explore in this paper.Methodology: To prove this hypothesis, I drew on relevant passages from the Jewish religious tradition, as well as the well-known theory of Sir Isaiah Berlin, one of the most prominent twentieth-century exponents of contemporary social philosophy, who described two possible approaches to the concept of freedom, and my own experience as a prison chaplain in Hungarian penitentiaries.Findings: The prisoners were all men of Jewish origin between the ages of 20 and 60. Although the Jewish religion has also built up a system of institutions for the administration of justice, the practice of imprisonment is absent from Jewish religious law. Yet, in the light of my experience, it can be said that for the perplexed, the state of deprivation of freedom creates a valuable opportunity for repentance, for choosing a moral life. The task of the prison chaplain is to catalyse the process of spiritual growth.Value: In the course of my pastoral ministry, it became clear to me that in the prison environment – away from social pressures and in forced solitude – inmates have the opportunity to evaluate themselves realistically and objectively, and to plan steps for improvement and spiritual growth.
A Börtönlelkészi Szolgálat múltja, jelene és jövője egy rendhagyó interjú keretében bemutatva
Authors: Kovács Mihály
Published: December 2022

The activity and operation of the Prison Chaplain Service can effectively contribute to the realization of the professional objectives of the penitentiary organization, but in the optimal case it clearly supports incident-free, safe detention, increasing the willingness of prisoners to cooperate, and the development of realistic goals for reintegration after their release. It is important that, in daily practice, the prison chaplains serving in penitentiary institutions, with the individual and group counseling activities and sessions they provide, complement the sessions held by reintegration officers and psychologists, thereby also strengthening dynamic security, in view of the recent increase in the number of prisoners. In the case of prison chaplains, it is important to point out that their civil, pastoral vocation is somewhat overridden by their status as prison chaplain, which imposes additional duties on them, as they not only have to act as a representative of their own church as chaplains, but also deal with prisoners belonging to other denominations as prison chaplains. In some cases, all of this can be accompanied by a kind of role conflict, despite this, the prison chaplains resolve their internal conflicts and try to support the enforcement of the punishment goals with their operations and professional activities. Almost eight years have passed since the interview about the prison chaplain service was published, so in view of the time that has passed and the changes that have taken place in the meantime, it is certainly relevant to interview the prison chaplaincy coordinators of the Roman Catholic, Reformed and Evangelical denominations, as well as the Israelite prison chaplain with national jurisdiction, in an irregular interview.
Melanism in the grass snake Natrix natrix (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve, Romania
Authors: Fănaru Geanina , Telea Alexandra E. , Gherghel Iulian , Melenciuc Raluca
Published: December 2022

Animal colouration has a significant ecological role in defence, reproduction, and thermoregulation. In the case of melanism, it is a complex topic. Besides potential disadvantages such as higher risk of predation, melanistic ectotherms may have certain physiological advantages such as more efficient thermoregulation in colder climates and thus, reduced basking time. The common grass snake (Natrix natrix) is a widespread species throughout Europe and Asia. It exhibits a wide range of colour polymorphisms, from olive to dark grey, even albinistic and melanistic. Between 2016 and 2021, we conducted fieldwork in the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (DDBR) with the aim to document the geographic range of melanistic grass snakes. We categorised the melanistic expressions of N. natrix individuals as melanotic, completely melanistic, and partially melanistic. Melanistic snakes were encountered in all six localities visited, suggesting that the occurrence of melanistic grass snakes in the DDBR is geographically widespread. We observed both juveniles (n=2) and adults (n=11) with melanism, suggesting that individuals are born melanistic. However, the proportion of melanistic individuals in the general population of N. natrix from the DDBR is unknown. Only at Histria locality we studied the proportion of melanism in the grass snake population and 6.3% of the snakes caught were melanistic. Body size comparisons are not statistically significant because of the low sample size. The N. natrix melanistic morph’s geographical distribution in the DDBR is most likely due to an interaction of climate and habitats, which offer a thermal advantage in the face of predation pressure.
Ecomorphological differences among forest and rock dwelling species of Darevskia Arribas, 1999 (Squamata, Lacertide) in the Elburz Mountains, Iran
Authors: Yousefkhani Seyyed Saeed Hosseinian , Nabizadeh Hossein , Grismer L. Lee
Published: December 2022

Ecological pressure is the major driver of morphological adaptation. Different habitat preferences even among closely related species, often result in the evolution of different body shapes. In the present study, we employed geometric morphometric and principal component analyses (PCA) to compare body shape and head plate morphology among seven species in the genus Darevskia Arribas, 1999 from the Elburz Mountains, Iran that occur in either rocky or forested habitats. The geometric morphometric analysis and the PCA of meristic characters recovered a wide degree of overlap between the rock and forest dwelling species. The PCA of the morphometric characters showed wide separation among the rock and forest dwelling species as well as among some of the rock dwelling species. These results strongly suggest that body shape is correlated with the habitat type whereas head plate morphology and scale meristics are not. Furthermore, the results suggest that the rock dwelling species may be occupying and navigating their microhabitat in different ways. Ecological observations are needed to test this hypothesis.
Characteristics of July 2019 Cherna Mesta River flash flood
Authors: Gerdjikov Ianko , Dotseva Zornitsa , Pavlova-Traykova Eli , Vangelov Dian
Published: December 2022

One of the biggest rivers in the southern part of the Balkan peninsula – the Mesta River is wellknown for frequent flash floods, especially in the upper river course. As a result of severe storms and related heavy rain in mid-July 2019, the Cherna Mesta River flooded, and this resulted in heavy damage to the road infrastructure and water-supply systems. All data indicate that this was not a usual water flood, instead at peak flow, the river carried a huge amount of gravel. Our mapping of erosional and depositional features related to the 2019 event, as well as geomorphological analysis, allows for distinguishing distinct sectors along the river valley. Most hazards are defined in the lower reaches of the Cherna Mesta River, where the processes of channel aggradation and lateral erosion are pronounced. The field analysis of the flood-related deposits indicates the operation of debris flood and hyperconcentrated and water flood processes.
Fernand Poidevin, poète, photographe, chantre de la Baie de Somme
Authors: Zeisler-Decout Marie-Claude
Published: December 2022

Fernand Poidevin, photographe et poète, installé au Crotoy et ami de Paul Eudel. Ses poèmes s’ancrent dans la vie quotidienne près de la Baie de Somme.
La Baie de Somme dans l’œuvre poétique linéaire et spatiale de Pierre Garnier
Authors: Garnier Violette
Published: December 2022

Pierre Garnier, né à Amiens, a toujours été sensible à la Baie de Somme et aux oiseaux qui la peuplent. Violette Garnier explore ce thème des oiseaux dans sa poésie, qu’elle soit linéaire ou spatiale, écrite en français, en picard ou en allemand. P. Garnier appréciera également le Parc ornithologique du Marquenterre créé en 1973 en bordure de la Baie de Somme.
Les Mystères de la côte : le littoral dans les romans policiers
Authors: Compère Daniel
Published: December 2022

Depuis le début du XX e  siècle, cette côte inspire des récits policiers écrits par des auteurs du littoral ou se déroulant sur le littoral, donnant même naissance à des collections spécialisées.
Coopération, autonomie et territoire politique : les Systèmes alimentaires locaux aux États-Unis
Authors: Nasr Clémence
Published: December 2022

Au sein de la tendance des circuits courts alimentaires, les Systèmes alimentaires locaux (SAL) se distinguent en raison de l’importance attachée à l’échelle locale et à la proximité géographique entre producteurs et consommateurs. Aux États-Unis, ils pointent également la revitalisation de la communauté. La littérature se concentre précisément sur les risques inhérents à cette échelle : idéalisation et, surtout, repli identitaire et sécession par rapport à la société nationale. Si cette analyse est justifiée, elle n’épuise pas la réalité des SAL. Nous voulons montrer, en les considérant depuis le point de vue de la philosophie sociale, que ceux-ci renferment la possibilité que se mettent en place de véritables rapports coopératifs débouchant sur la maîtrise collective du cycle alimentaire. Dès lors, le territoire agri-alimentaire local revêt une dimension politique qui ne relève pas de l’identité, mais bien de l’aspiration à une forme d’autonomie.
La souveraineté alimentaire au cœur des mobilisations décoloniales et anti-capitalistes : le cas de la communauté autochtone Navajo pendant la pandémie de covid-19
Authors: Clément-Picos Eugénie
Published: December 2022

Cet article analyse l’évolution du rôle des fermier·es Dinés * de la réserve amérindienne Navajo, dans le Sud-ouest des États-Unis. La nation Navajo cristallise les problèmes du sud-ouest du pays : accès à l’eau, à l’alimentation, manque d’emplois, crise climatique et gouvernance. Dans une perspective ethnographique, les différentes formes de violence rencontrées sont analysées à partir des pratiques et discours des fermier·es. Entre négociations et tensions avec les ONG, les autorités tribales et fédérales, les fermier·es doivent combiner un idéal d’autonomie en interdépendance avec les attentes de la communauté Navajo et la réalité économique. Cet article propose un matériau original pour l’examen et la compréhension des luttes environnementales et défis alimentaires pendant la pandémie de covid-19.
Avec le genre : les familles face à des défis éducatifs
Authors: Couchot-Schiex Sigolène
Published: December 2022

Le genre sature le social et s’invite depuis une dizaine d’années dans le débat public et politique. Les familles ne peuvent pas échapper aux multiples questions que pose le genre qui concerne à la fois les dimensions individuelles, collectives, institutionnelles. Cet article présente une synthèse visant à conforter les conceptualisations autour du genre et à illustrer les effets de la socialisation genrée. La présentation est articulée autour des thématiques identitaires et de l’expérience de socialisation enfantine et adolescente dans les structures éducatives de la petite enfance, de l’école et périscolaires. Une synthèse sur les défis éducatifs ponctuera chacun de ces axes.
L’animal de compagnie dans la vie des enfants au développement typique et atypique et de leur famille
Authors: Dollion Nicolas , Grandgeorge Marine
Published: December 2022

L’environnement social des enfants et adolescents revêt une importance majeure dans leur développement. Négligé pendant longtemps, il est désormais de plus en plus reconnu que l’animal de compagnie joue lui aussi un rôle essentiel. C’est au travers d’une revue de littérature des bienfaits des animaux dans la vie des enfants et adolescents au développement typique, mais aussi atypique (ici illustré avec les troubles du spectre autistique) que nous aborderons les dernières connaissances relatives à cette question. En nous intéressant également aux effets plus larges de l’animal sur l’ensemble de la sphère familiale, nous relèverons aussi certains points de vigilance associés aux défis de la vie d’un groupe familial avec un ou des animaux.
La cinquième branche : mythe, réalité, objectif ? Une analyse, deux ans après…
Authors: Ferras Benjamin
Published: December 2022

La « branche autonomie » a été créé en 2020, au terme de revendications constantes des représentants des personnes âgées et des personnes handicapées. Revenir sur cette revendication et les conséquences des réformes introduites à partir de 2005, à la suite de la création de la Caisse nationale de solidarité pour l’autonomie, est plus que jamais nécessaire. Identifier les chausse-trappes des notions de « branche » et de « risque » permet de cerner la spécificité des prises en charge de ces publics. L’intégration de cette branche en LFSS constitue une avancée souhaitable. Elle n’est cependant en aucun cas un deus ex machina . Au-delà, la question technique et l’approche principielle sont secondaires. Il s’agit avant tout d’apprécier les modalités dans lesquelles, aujourd’hui et demain, nos aînés et nos concitoyens les plus fragiles et frappés par le sort seront protégés et les conditions dans lesquelles ils peuvent accéder à une dignité qui ne manque que quand on ne peut pas ou plus y prétendre. La réflexion propose donc plusieurs jalons pour relever les défis qui s’offrent à nous.
L’exemple des Ehpad, quels besoins, quelle attractivité ?
Authors: Verger Philippe
Published: December 2022

Les temps modernes connaissent une transformation profonde des lieux et une optimisation des moyens consacrés à l’accompagnement des grands âgés et des personnes en situation de handicap. Au fil des siècles et des décennies, nous sommes passés des « maisons d’hospitalité » tenues par des religieux aux iv e et v e  siècles qui accueillaient des « malheureux » et des malades trop âgés, et après plusieurs étapes, aujourd’hui, à des établissements spécialisés avec un bâtimentaire et des technologies adaptées et des personnels professionnalisés. Notre regard se portera plus particulièrement sur les organisations contemporaines des forces vives mises en œuvre pour l’accompagnement et l’hébergement des personnes âgées.
Éclipses de lune, éclats de bronze
Authors: Wang Julia
Published: December 2022

Cette brève étude aborde le rituel antique gréco-romain de conjuration des éclipses lunaires par le tintement du bronze. Autour de cette pratique aussi mystérieuse que répandue, nous proposons quelques pistes de réflexion sur le rapport synesthésique entre lumière et son, sur les propriétés spécifiques du bronze et sur les logiques qui le lient à la lune.
À l’heure de la chouette
Authors: Emel Maryse
Published: December 2022

L’éclipse est ce passage entre nuit et jour, le lieu de la rencontre du mythe et de la science. Elle nous fait passer du clair à l’obscur, de la caméra au projecteur. Entre image et concept, sensation et raison, prise de vue et montage, elle figure l’incertitude dans un jeu de représentations vacillantes.
À la fin de l’éclipse, le visage sort de l’ombre
Authors: Fleury Vincent
Published: December 2022

Le progrès scientifique donne parfois l’impression d’être linéaire, orienté dans le sens d’un accroissement constant de la précision, au fil du travail des chercheurs. Cependant, dans certaines circonstances, des explications alternatives, ou concurrentes, d’un même phénomène se succèdent avec des éclipses et des réapparitions d’idées anciennes. C’est le cas en embryologie où se font concurrence l’approche physique, morphologique, et l’approche biologique ou génétique. Ce ballet conceptuel est lié fondamentalement à une dualité irréductible de l’univers : la multiplicité des phénomènes observés s’explique par un ensemble très réduit de lois, qui expliquent tout, mais pas dans le détail. Ainsi la physique démontre que les visages, par exemple, se rapportent à un visage idéal universel, sans pouvoir prédire aucun visage particulier.
Multi-fractional-differential operators for a thermo-elastic magnetic response in an unbounded solid with a spherical hole via the DPL model
Authors: Moaaz Osama , Abouelregal Ahmed E.
Published: December 2022

The current research aims to investigate thermodynamic responses to thermal media based on a modified mathematical model in the field of thermoelasticity. In this context, it was considered to present a new model with a fractional time derivative that includes Caputo-Fabrizio and Atangana-Baleanu fractional differential operators within the framework of the two-phase delay model. The proposed mathematical model is employed to examine the problem of an unbounded material with a spherical hole experiencing a reduced moving heat flow on its inner surface. The problem is solved analytically within the modified space utilizing the Laplace transform as the solution mechanism. An arithmetic inversion of the Laplace transform was performed and presented visually and tabularly for the studied distributions. In the tables, specific comparisons are introduced to evaluate the influences of different fractional operators and thermal properties on the response of all the fields examined.
Likelihood-Free Dynamical Survival Analysis applied to the COVID-19 epidemic in Ohio
Authors: Klaus Colin , Wascher Matthew , KhudaBukhsh Wasiur R. , Rempała Grzegorz A.
Published: December 2022

The Dynamical Survival Analysis (DSA) is a framework for modeling epidemics based on mean field dynamics applied to individual (agent) level history of infection and recovery. Recently, the Dynamical Survival Analysis (DSA) method has been shown to be an effective tool in analyzing complex non-Markovian epidemic processes that are otherwise difficult to handle using standard methods. One of the advantages of Dynamical Survival Analysis (DSA) is its representation of typical epidemic data in a simple although not explicit form that involves solutions of certain differential equations. In this work we describe how a complex non-Markovian Dynamical Survival Analysis (DSA) model may be applied to a specific data set with the help of appropriate numerical and statistical schemes. The ideas are illustrated with a data example of the COVID-19 epidemic in Ohio.
Deciphering the biodesulfurization potential of two novel Rhodococcus isolates from a unique Greek environment
Authors: Glekas Panayiotis D. , Martzoukou Olga , Mastrodima Maria-Eleni , Zarkadoulas Efstathios , Kanakoglou Dimitrios S. , Kekos Dimitris , Pachnos Michalis , Mavridis George , Mamma Diomi , Hatzinikolaou Dimitris G.
Published: December 2022

Sustainable biodesulfurization (BDS) processes require the use of microbial biocatalysts that display high activity against the recalcitrant heterocyclic sulfur compounds and can simultaneously withstand the harsh conditions of contact with petroleum products, inherent to any industrial biphasic BDS system. In this framework, the functional microbial BDS-related diversity in a naturally oil-exposed ecosystem, was examined through a 4,6-dimethyl-dibenzothiophene based enrichment process. Two new Rhodococcus sp. strains were isolated, which during a medium optimization process revealed a significantly enhanced BDS activity profile when compared to the model strain R. qingshengii IGTS8. In biocatalyst stability studies conducted in biphasic mode using partially hydrodesulfurized diesel under various process conditions, the new strains also presented an enhanced stability phenotype. In these studies, it was also demonstrated for all strains, that the BDS activity losses were decoupled from the overall cells' viability, in addition to the fact that the use of whole-broth biocatalyst positively affected BDS performance.
Excepcionalidad agrícola, trabajadores agrícolas migrantes y la pandemia - evidencia de Polonia como nuevo país de destino de inmigrantes
Authors: Fiałkowska Kamila , Matuszczyk Kamil , Szulecka Monika
Published: December 2022

Este artículo, basado en el trabajo de campo etnográfico que los autores realizaron entre los trabajadores agrícolas migrantes estacionales en Polonia, analiza el impacto de las soluciones de vía rápida del COVID-19 adoptadas en el sector sobre la situación general de los trabajadores agrícolas migrantes en la agricultura. Basados en la evidencia del campo así como en el análisis de políticas realizado en los últimos meses, argumentamos que las soluciones de vía rápida y las exenciones adoptadas en Polonia (como en muchos de los estados miembros de la UE) durante la pandemia de 2020-2021 no son únicas, sino que manifiestan la política de excepcionalismo agrícola de larga data. Esto tiene implicaciones prácticas sobre la salud y la seguridad de los trabajadores agrícolas migrantes y, paradójicamente, puede traducirse en un empeoramiento de sus condiciones de trabajo y de vida en las explotaciones. En este contexto, queremos arrojar luz sobre las dificultades de los trabajadores agrícolas durante la pandemia, para comprender mejor su posición, que resulta de la intersección de factores que aumentan las vulnerabilidades de los trabajadores agrícolas (temporalidades, aislamiento, baja sindicalización, intensificación del trabajo). Para comprender mejor el impacto de las soluciones especiales en el fenómeno del trabajo estacional, es necesario tener en cuenta la perspectiva de los empresarios. En conjunto, estas observaciones nos permiten trazar un cuadro más completo de la situación de los trabajadores agrícolas durante la pandemia en Polonia, un nuevo país de destino de inmigrantes.
Esenciales pero olvidados. Migrantes recogiendo frutas durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en Valencia
Authors: Torres Pérez Francisco , Pérez Alonso Yaiza
Published: December 2022

Este artículo aborda la situación de los trabajadores inmigrantes en La Ribera del Xúquer, una comarca citrícola valenciana, desde el confinamiento de marzo de 2020 hasta abril de 2021. Se realizaron dos períodos de trabajo de campo, el segundo en pandemia, con observación, contactos informales y entrevistas a 55 informantes clave, con diferentes perfiles. Si bien las situaciones de riesgo en la recolección son comunes a todos los trabajadores, españoles e inmigrantes, estas afectan con menor o mayor intensidad según la posición que se ocupa en la estructura de trabajo etnofragmentada, el origen y, de forma más amplia, las condiciones sociales y de vida. La situación de pandemia y las medidas adoptadas han reforzado la segmentación étnica del mercado de trabajo preexistente. Por un lado, los trabajadores fijos discontinuos, españoles e inmigrantes arraigados en la zona; por otro lado, los trabajadores temporales y de ETT, inmigrantes casi en su totalidad, que acumulan riesgo, precariedad laboral y social.
Las controversias de los actores y la gobernanza territorial en las cercanías del sur de Fez (Marruecos)
Authors: Akdim Mariam , Aboubakr Sabiri , Akdim Hamid , Alami Anouar
Published: December 2022

Este artículo analiza las controversias de los actores sobre el desarrollo suburbano en las cercanías del sur de Fez (la comuna de Ain Chkef, Marruecos). Estas controversias están afectando en gran medida el desarrollo local e imponen cargas costosas en términos de impactos en los sistemas locales.
Se analizan en este artículo estas controversias utilizando una metodología espacial sintética basada en datos socio-espaciales y cartografía de ArcGis. El papel de la propiedad de la tierra en las intensas controversias de los actores en el área se discute en términos de las oportunidades que ofrece para la inversión y como un factor de conflicto entre los titulares de derechos, operadores y otros actores en desarrollo. Las controversias a veces están vinculadas a cuestiones relacionadas con el valor de la tierra, el desarrollo de actividades (gentrificación, zonas de actividad y actores que disputan puestos), y a la ubicación de equipos principales o recursos ambientales. La gobernanza y la dirección del desarrollo local en estas condiciones es compleja, ya que el tomador de decisiones debe asimilar las necesidades de los actores y todos los parámetros que influyen en los suburbios, para desarrollar la gobernanza convergente sugerida como una solución. Incluye visiones claras, un mayor conocimiento de los intereses territoriales, los factores clave de la gestión territorial y las causas y motivaciones de las controversias de los actores para encontrar soluciones y respuestas adaptadas a sus preguntas. La gobernanza convergente debe ser anticipativa, comunicativa y capaz de crear las convergencias de los actores.
Por lo tanto, las realidades complejas de los suburbios pueden entenderse mejor utilizando el enfoque de gobernanza convergente con una consideración adicional de la relación y la territorialidad que integran los factores de influencia contextuales locales, regionales y externos.
Alternativas para la medición de la delincuencia urbana y la identificación de zonas criminógenas. Nuevos indicadores basados en la presencia de población
Authors: Moreno Jiménez Alejandro , Grijalva Eternod Aurea Esther
Published: December 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es proponer formas alternativas de medición de las tasas de delincuencia en los entornos urbanos, comparando la utilización de la presencia de población y la medición tradicional, es decir, la población residencial. El análisis se realiza para tres tipos de delitos: violencia intrafamiliar, robo a persona y robo a negocio. Para ello, se sigue una metodología de análisis espacial de los datos de la Zona Metropolitana de Guadalajara (ZMG) en México. En los resultados se comprueba que, para algunos tipos de delitos, la presencia de población puede identificar con mayor precisión a la población en riesgo, lo que puede constituir una herramienta de política pública muy útil de cara a la prevención del delito, pues además de lograr una estimación más precisa del fenómeno, se pueden identificar las zonas generadoras y atractoras del crimen.
De la parálisis al movimiento. La transformación de la sociedad y de las mentalidades durante el franquismo (1952-1969): una mirada desde el atrasado sur
Authors: Hernández Burgos Claudio , Román Ruiz Gloria
Published: December 2022

Este artículo analiza el panorama socioeconómico, cultural y político que encontraron los jóvenes sutistas (pertenecientes al SUT, Servicio Universitario del Trabajo) a su llegada a las zonas donde desarrollaron sus actividades. Su foco se centra principalmente en el mundo rural andaluz, cuyas deficitarias condiciones socioeconómicas favorecieron la puesta en marcha de los primeros campos de trabajo del SUT. De un lado, explora cómo esta mísera realidad condicionó las actitudes sociopolíticas de dichos jóvenes. De otro, examina la recepción y el calado de los discursos y políticas oficiales entre los habitantes de esta zona. Partiendo de fuentes archivísticas provinciales, nacionales e internacionales, se defienden tres ideas principales. Primero, que los miembros del SUT aceleraron su proceso de politización tras entrar en contacto con una realidad paupérrima que contradecía los discursos propagandísticos del régimen. Segundo, que a pesar de que la actitud de los habitantes del agro evolucionó de la apatía y el inmovilismo hacia una creciente politización y movilización, las ambigüedades y las contradicciones resultaron predominantes. Tercero, aun cuando dicha atonía pudo favorecer la estabilidad del Estado franquista, su combinación con la creciente insatisfacción con el régimen, obstruyó la capacidad de las organizaciones de la dictadura para integrar a la población dentro del régimen y, como consecuencia, sus posibilidades de supervivencia.
Actitudes críticas y «conciencia social» entre los estudiantes durante el franquismo (c. 1950-c. 1975)
Authors: Fuertes Muñoz Carlos
Published: December 2022

El objetivo del artículo es reflexionar de forma panorámica sobre el creciente avance de las actitudes críticas entre los estudiantes españoles a partir de los años cincuenta, con su consiguiente distanciamiento de la dictadura franquista. Se prioriza el análisis de testimonios retrospectivos de universitarios, si bien estos serán contrastados con otras fuentes, como las encuestas o los informes oficiales y diplomáticos. Después de constatar el alcance y límites de la extensión de las actitudes críticas entre la juventud estudiante de los años cincuenta, sesenta y setenta, se estudian diversas dimensiones y factores que contribuyen a explicarlo. Entre otras conclusiones, se enfatiza que el cambio actitudinal iba mucho más allá de la demanda de mayores libertades políticas, asociándose también con transformaciones morales y culturales, así como con el desarrollo de una «conciencia social» ante las desigualdades y problemáticas socioeconómicas.
Campos de trabajo internacionales de la UNESCO y el Servicio Universitario del Trabajo. Hacia un modelo de participación social en la Universidad franquista (1952-1968)
Authors: Canales Ciudad Daniel
Published: December 2022

Uno de los motores que vertebran la historiografía del movimiento estudiantil durante el franquismo es el lento proceso de politización, que abocó a los hijos e hijas de la burguesía sostenedora del régimen a la lucha antifranquista. Habitualmente, se ha señalado la relevancia del Servicio Universitario del Trabajo (SUT) en aquel proceso, siendo, sin embargo, una experiencia todavía abierta a su estudio. Su largo recorrido, entre otras cosas, nos permite conectar con los aprendizajes desplegados por las nuevas generaciones de estudiantes en actividades cuya naturaleza estaba en sintonía con la experiencia de campos de trabajo internacionales de posguerra promocionados por la UNESCO. Este artículo tratará de rastrear los contactos entre este organismo y el SUT, los cuales, como buscamos demostrar, facilitaron la integración del servicio español en el nuevo contexto internacional de postguerra. También pretendemos señalar cómo el trasvase de ideas y métodos de trabajo determinaron el desarrollo de nuevos mecanismos de participación e implicación social en el mundo universitario. Aquellos aprendizajes evidenciaron los límites, rigideces y carencias del régimen, alumbrando recorridos de cuestionamiento, crítica y ruptura con la dictadura. Todo ello nos ayuda a situar al SUT como una experiencia determinante en el proceso de recomposición de una cultura democrática durante el franquismo.
L’enseignement de la perception sonore comme outil de conscientisation écologique
Authors: Goday Pascale
Published: December 2022

La détérioration de l’environnement se manifeste par une perte inquiétante de toutes les formes de diversité au sein du monde vivant, dont la diversité des sons. L’écologie sonore (Schafer, 1977), parent pauvre de tous les combats écologiques actuels, est pourtant un marqueur important du bouleversement écologique. Proposer aux nouvelles générations une éducation au et par le sonore permettrait d’appréhender le monde par les sons (Barbanti, 2016). En percevant le son dans sa diversité, nous relions notre propre écoute à celle des autres et à celle du monde, nous prenons ainsi davantage conscience de notre environnement, ce qui incite à l’adoption d’un mode de vie responsable et plus globalement, à la reconstruction du réseau de relations personne-société-environnement (sonore) à l’échelle individuelle, communautaire et biosphérique (Sauvé, 1997).
La dimension affective de l’éducation au changement climatique : étude mixte au cycle 3 de l’enseignement primaire français
Authors: Déduit Camille , Polo Claire
Published: December 2022

Dans le contexte actuel du dérèglement global du climat, l’école ne peut faire l’impasse sur ce changement majeur et ses risques. En France, la rentrée 2020 a donc été caractérisée par un renforcement de l’éducation relative à l’environnement dans les programmes scolaires, plus spécifiquement d’une éducation au changement climatique. Or, une telle éducation comporte une dimension émotionnelle importante ; elle peut générer par exemple de l’anxiété ou de la colère. Nous nous interrogeons donc sur la façon dont l’éducation au changement climatique est appréhendée au plan émotionnel auprès des élèves. Issus d’une double approche qualitative (analyse du cadrage affectif des ressources pour l’enseignement) et quantitative (questionnaire auprès des élèves), les résultats de notre recherche montrent un positionnement paradoxal des supports didactiques, présentant une tonalité émotionnelle certaine, mais sans mention explicite des émotions. Par ailleurs, on retrouve des émotions intenses dans les déclarations des élèves, parfois associées à leur compréhension des phénomènes ou à leur propension à l’action. Nous pointons de possibles effets spécifiques de l’inquiétude ou de la colère, à confirmer dans des travaux futurs.
Lorsque l’œuvre d’art aide à repenser la problématique environnementale
Authors: Morel Maia
Published: December 2022

Les moyens d’action souvent privilégiés pour la sauvegarde de la planète comme la sanctuarisation de zones protégées et la gestion de la production/consommation paraissent aujourd’hui insuffisants pour endiguer la dégradation de notre environnement. Nous proposons dans cette contribution une double réflexion qui vise (1) à alimenter le débat sur le rapport de l’Homme à la Nature et (2) à montrer comment l’art contemporain peut contribuer à sensibiliser le public et à le mobiliser pour une prise en charge élargie et critique de la problématique environnementale. Après avoir remis en question la vision occidentale traditionnelle du duo Nature/Culture, nous rappellerons comment l’art contemporain s’est tourné vers des problématiques sociétales, donnant naissance à l’art écologique. Nous montrerons ensuite comment celui-ci peut être arrimé à l’éducation relative à l’environnement (ERE) et ce, à partir d’exemples extraits de la plateforme Arts&Ere qui offre des ressources pédagogiques en ERE à partir des arts.
Cyber Kill Chain Analysis of Five Major US Data Breaches
Authors: Sebastian Glorin
Published: December 2022

Data breaches are a major concern for both US and global corporations. With more companies allowing their employees to be working remote, providing them a secure work environment has been a priority for employers. The Interpol 2020 report on cyber breaches mentions that the number of cyber-attacks has multiplied in the last year. The IBM Data Breach Report of 2021 notes that data breach costs rose from USD 3.86 million to USD 4.24 million, while the average cost was USD 1.07 Mil higher in breaches where remote work was a factor in causing the breach. Given this environment of increased cyber breaches, it is important to learn from previous major data breaches to understand the root cause which led to the compromise of information security and the steps which could have effectively prevented the same. This paper evaluates five major data breaches in US history using Lockheed's Cyber Kill Chain Analysis, since the details of these breaches have never been documented for research and also proposes an eight-step cyber-attack prevention plan.
Determinants of Customer Satisfaction on Health Insurance in Sri Lanka
Authors: Madushani D.D.L. , Buddhika H.J.R.
Published: December 2022

Customer satisfaction has become a major consideration in determining the rapid growth in the insurance business. This study emphasizes factors affecting customer satisfaction on health insurance, awareness of consumers about health insurance concept and market, and consumer perceptions about health insurance providers. The data was collected through a structured questionnaire distributed among people who have health insurance policies. The 152 responses were collected via a convenient sampling method. The analysis showed that lifestyle issues, customer awareness, and type of policy significantly impact customer satisfaction with health insurance. Insurance company claim settlement showed a moderate positive insignificant relationship with customer satisfaction. Lifestyle issues, customer awareness, and type of policy show a moderate positive significant relationship with customer satisfaction. People are willing to engage with insurance companies who are maintaining their brand name by doing CSR activities. The slow growth in general insurance due to the contraction in health insurance and the volatility of the growth in industry. Therefore, understanding the factors of the customer satisfaction on health insurance policies within Sri Lanka is important: due to limited number of studies regarding this. Further health insurance companies can consider lifestyle issues, customer awareness, and type of policy to improve the sales of the company going forward to enhance the market share in the industry.
Factors Affecting to the Unethical Behavior of Insurance Salespeople: Evidence from Sri Lankan Insurance Industry
Authors: Abewardhana S.D. , Buddhika H.J.R.
Published: December 2022

There are limited studies on the unethical behaviour of insurance salespeople in Sri Lanka that focused on organizational factors that affect for unethical behaviour of insurance salespeople. The Ethical Impact Theory (EIT) and the Theory of Bounded Rationality theory used as a unique feature in the study. The sample of 330 insurance salespeople confirmed from the top 05 life and top 05 general insurance companies in Sri Lanka based on market capitalization and simple random sampling method. The data collected via questionnaires. The Researcher used income, benefits, job satisfaction, inability to identify customer needs, failure to fulfil responsibilities, sales target, coaching by the supervisor, and ethical training as independent variables. The data analysed using correlation and multiple regression analysis. The study revealed that income, benefits, job satisfaction, failure to fulfil responsibilities, sales target and coaching by supervisors have a significant positive relationship with the unethical behaviour of insurance salespeople whereas job satisfaction indicated a strong positive relationship. Study concludes that there is a negative impact on coaching by supervisor and unethical behaviour of salespeople in the Sri Lankan Insurance industry. The study is limited only to investigating the reasons for unethical behaviour. Further scholars, can study the consequences of these unethical behaviours and can conduct in-depth interviews to find more insights.
Excision and reconstruction of port site umbilical endometrioma; practices of aesthetic gynaecology in a low resource setting
Authors: Bandara Sajith , Sampath Chameera , Jayawardane Haritha , Weliwitiya Sachini , Abesinghe Dulanga
Published: December 2022

The presence of endometrial tissues outside the uterine cavity is known as endometriosis. Villar’s node, also known as umbilical endometriosis, is a rare condition that accounts for 0.5-1% of all extra-pelvic diseases. Electrocautery combined with surgical removal of the umbilical nodule and a recreation of an aesthetically appealing umbilicus is the treatment of choice. The surgical technique of local excision of umbilical endometrioma, neo umbilical reconstruction with four flap technique and post-operative management in low resource settings where plastic surgery facilities are not available have been discussed in the article.
Pretreatment gametocyte carriage in symptomatic patients with Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax infections on the Thai-Myanmar border
Authors: Martviset Pongsakorn , Kitvatanachai Sirima , Tarasuk Mayuri , Muhamad Phunuch , Na-Bangchang Kesara
Published: December 2022

Background&objectives: Changes in parasite biology, particularly the gametocytogenesis process, could be one of the important contributing factors for worldwide malaria resurgence. The present study investigated the prevalence rates of pretreatment gametocyte carriage and density in Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax infections in the low malaria-endemic area on the Thai-Myanmar border.

Methods: One hundred and twenty-six blood samples were collected from patients with signs and symptoms of malaria who attended malaria clinics. Malaria positive cases detected by microscopic examination were confirmed by species-specific nested-PCR in 97 (29 and 68 samples for P. falciparum and P. vivax, respectively).

Results: The proportion of P. vivax and P. falciparum-infected samples was 70.1: 29.9%. The density in P. falciparum positive samples [median (95%CI): 10,340 (5280-19,200) μ/l] was significantly higher than P. vivax positive samples [4508 (3240-6120) μ/l]. Sixteen out of twenty-nine (55.2%) and 36 out of 68 (52.9%) P. falciparum- and P. vivax-infected samples, respectively, were gametocyte-positive. Gametocyte density in the P. falciparum-infected[124 (69-253) /μl] was significantly higher than that of the P. vivax-infected [54 (45-70)/μl] samples. A significant correlation between gametocyte density and pretreatment parasitemia was only detected in P. falciparum-infected, but not P. vivax-infected samples.

Interpretation & conclusion: The observed high prevalence rates of pretreatment gametocyte carriage of both malaria species, which serves as a large malaria reservoir, particularly in P. falciparum infection, could have a significant impact on malaria control in the endemic populations.
Seasonal abundance and infection of Japanese encephalitis vectors from Gorakhpur district, Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Paulraj Philip Samuel , Thenmozhi Velayutham , Mishra Sunil Kumar , Nagaraj Jaganathasamy , Paramasivan Rajaiah
Published: December 2022

Background & objectives: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a major public health problem in many states of India. Uttar Pradesh state contributes 75% of the total cases reported. A longitudinal study was undertaken to find out the seasonal abundance, infection in the JE vectors in Gorakhpur region of Uttar Pradesh, and intervention strategies like indoor residual spraying and long-lasting insecticidal nets were adopted.

Methods: The vector abundance was monitored from July 2013 to August 2016 at fortnightly intervals and identified using standard mosquito identification keys and screened for viral infection. Intervention measures like indoor residual spraying with lambda-cyhalothrin 10% WP at 25 mg/m2 in 58 gramasabha in Bhathat Block and long-lasting insecticidal nets were distributed @ 2 LLIN for each household with 5-6 members in 5 villages of Korabar block.

Results: A total of 5,36,609 mosquitoes constituting 34 species and 10 genera were collected during this study period. Among the JE vector, peak abundance of Culex tritaeniorhynchus was recorded just before the JE season from July to October in all the blocks. There was a marked reduction in the density of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus from July compared to baseline year 2014 in Bhathat Block where indoor residual spraying (IRS) was performed in June 2015. The vector density declined in 5 villages of Khorabar Block where long-lasting impregnated bed nets (LLINs) were distributed during July 2016.

Interpretation & conclusion: The present study provided knowledge about the seasonal JE vector density and JE virus infection in mosquitoes during the monsoon season in Gorakhpur region of Uttar Pradesh. IRS and the personal protection measure like LLINs were distributed to interrupt the JE transmission in this area which gave encouraging results.
Correlated prevalence of hydrocele and microfilaremia in Amazon (Belém, 1951-2005)
Authors: de Oliveira Neves Dilma Costa , Fraiha-Neto Habib , de Nazaré Martins da Silva Ana , Lins Jennings Yara Lúcia , Martins da Silva Ana Paula , Nunes Cristina , Sodré Roberta Nice , Corrêa Teixeira Cláudio Eduardo
Published: December 2022

Background & objectives: For decades, the city of Belém in Brazil’s eastern Amazon was the second city in the country with highest prevalence of cases of filariasis due to Wuchereria bancrofti infection. However, this prevalence decreased over time until reaching null records, concomitantly with a decrease in frequency of recorded hydrocele cases. In this context, we analyzed cross-sectional data to evaluate the degree of correlation between prevalence of positive blood microfilariae results during surveillance screening occurred along 54 years (1951–2005) and prevalence of hydrocele cases recorded in the same time period.

Methods: The dataset regarding hydrocele cases was obtained from two local hospitals. The Endemic Diseases Control Division of the Health Surveillance Department of the Municipal Health Department of Belém provided dataset regarding positive blood microfilariae cases. Prevalence calculus and linear correlation statistics were performed.

Results: Both positive blood microfilariae and hydrocele cases are well correlated statistically in absolute frequency (r = 0.871, 95%CI = 0.788 to 0.923, R2 = 0.759, p < 0.0001) and in prevalence (r = 0.835, 95%CI = 0.732 to 0.901, R2 = 0.698, p < 0.0001).

Interpretation & conclusion: We have concluded that blood microfilariae detection and hospitalized hydrocele cases are well correlated in our dataset. In addition, these results support the hypothesis that hydrocele prevalence can be useful to filariasis surveillance and control in endemic areas. However, limitations to hydrocele prevalence as an epidemiological indicator of filariasis are evidenced.