bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of a GIS sensor layout based on global detection probability distribution evaluation
Authors: Li Peijiang , You Ting
Published: September 2021

Gas‐insulated switchgear (GIS) is an important power equipment. The implementation of health monitoring is limited by the number of sensors, and the global detection results of the system should be highly credible to ensure the reliability of the power supply system. To solve this problem, this study proposes a sensor layout optimization method based on global detection probability performance evaluation. Starting from the cost function, the GIS discharge detection problem is transformed into a Bayesian risk decision problem, the binary state of ‘with discharge’ and ‘without discharge’ is adopted to simplify the cost function and reduce the computing workload, and the objective function representing the global detection performance of the system is obtained. The solution of layout optimization is realized by the improved genetic algorithm. 3‐sensor, 4‐sensor and 6‐sensor layouts, which are digitally simulated at different detection rates, and then the distribution diagram of the global detection rate is obtained. On this basis, the feasibility and effectiveness of the optimization method are verified through an experiment. The results show that, compared with other sensor layout optimization methods, this optimization method can obtain the correct probability distribution of the detection rate globally and realize the graphical quantization of the detection performance distribution of the system so as to ensure the system performance.
A new model path for the development of smart leisure sports tourism industry based on 5G technology
Authors: Liang Feng , Mu Lili , Wang Dongle , Kim Byung‐Sik
Published: September 2021

In recent years, national and local governments have attached great importance to the development of tourism big data, and have proposed an active development of the ‘Internet + Tourism’ strategy to cultivate new forms of tourism in various forms. With the development of 5G technology, the tourism industry also needs to study new development paths. The traditional tourism industry cannot obtain relevant information of tourists on time, nor can it provide satisfactory services, which has brought troubles to the traditional tourism industry. However, with the support of 5G technology, smart tourism is increasingly meeting the needs of the public and improving the level of tourism services. Based on this, this paper proposes a new model path research for the development of the smart leisure sports tourism industry based on 5G technology. This paper adopts the literature method to learn the theoretical basis of 5G technology and smart tourism in depth; through 5G technology, establishes a multi‐dimensional resource allocation model for the smart leisure sports tourism industry, and conducts research on the influencing factors, information sources, channel factors and other aspects of the tourism industry. The general public's search for tourism strategies and attractions, food and specialty products, the use of online search information channels accounted for 70.3% and 69.3%, which further shows that the development of 5G technology has promoted the transformation and development of the sports tourism industry.
Hybrid attention mechanism for few‐shot relational learning of knowledge graphs
Authors: Ma Ruixin , Li Zeyang , Guo Fangqing , Zhao Liang
Published: September 2021

Few‐shot knowledge graph (KG) reasoning is the main focus in the field of knowledge graph reasoning. In order to expand the application fields of the knowledge graph, a large number of studies are based on a large number of training samples. However, we have learnt that there are actually many missing relationships or entities in the knowledge graph, and in most cases, there are not many training instances when implementing new relationships. To tackle it, in this study, the authors aim to predict a new entity given few reference instances, even only one training instance. A few‐shot learning framework based on a hybrid attention mechanism is proposed. The framework employs traditional embedding models to extract knowledge, and uses an attenuated attention network and a self‐attention mechanism to obtain the hidden attributes of entities. Thus, it can learn a matching metric by considering both the learnt embeddings and one‐hop graph structures. The experimental results present that the model has achieved significant performance improvements on the NELL‐One and Wiki‐One datasets.
Biomechanical comparison of backhand topspin against backspin between different level table tennis athletes using QUALSYS infrared acquisition
Authors: Guo Hailian
Published: September 2021

The technique of backhand topspin against backspin is important for table tennis players to gain more advantages in the confrontation. In this paper, a biomechanical analysis of backhand topspin against backspin was conducted with varsity and non‐varsity male table tennis players from Zhejiang Changzheng Vocational and Technical College. The QUALISYS infrared acquisition system collected the changes in the athletes’ limb movements, and the force platform collected the changes in the athletes’ limb moments in the ball striking process. The results showed that professionally trained athletes were able to achieve greater joint angles and provide greater torques to the shoulder, elbow and wrist joints at the moment of batting. The main purpose of this paper is to provide data reference for the improvement of backhand stroke technique by studying the pattern of limb movements of players when they perform backhand stroke. In summary, in order to improve the backhand technique of hitting backspin, athletes need to focus on training the shoulder, elbow and wrist joints to achieve greater variations of angles and greater torques. The novelty of this paper is collecting the body movements of backhand strokes in a more concise and fast way with the QUALISYS infrared acquisition system.
Brown dwarfs as ideal candidates for detecting UV aurora outside the Solar System: Hubble Space Telescope observations of 2MASS J1237+6526
Authors: Saur Joachim , Willmes Clarissa , Fischer Christian , Wennmacher Alexandre , Roth Lorenz , Youngblood Allison , Strobel Darrell F. , Reiners Ansgar
Published: September 2021

Context. Observations of auroral emissions are powerful means to remotely sense the space plasma environment around planetary bodies and ultracool dwarfs. Therefore successful searches and characterization of aurorae outside the Solar System will open new avenues in the area of extrasolar space physics.

Aims. We aim to demonstrate that brown dwarfs are ideal objects to search for UV aurora outside the Solar System. We specifically search for UV aurora on the late-type T6.5 brown dwarf 2MASS J12373919+6526148 (in the following 2MASS J1237+6526).

Methods. Introducing a parameter referred to as auroral power potential, we derive scaling models for auroral powers for rotationally driven aurora applicable to a broad range of wavelengths. We also analyze Hubble Space Telescope observations obtained with the STIS camera at near-UV, far-UV, and Ly-α wavelengths of 2MASS J1237+6526.

Results. We show that brown dwarfs, due to their typically strong surface magnetic fields and fast rotation, can produce auroral UV powers on the order of 1019 watt or more. Considering their negligible thermal UV emission, their potentially powerful auroral emissions make brown dwarfs ideal candidates for detecting extrasolar aurorae. We find possible emission from 2MASS J1237+6526, but cannot conclusively attribute it to the brown dwarf due to low signal-to-noise values in combination with nonsystematic trends in the background fluxes. The observations provide upper limits for the emission at various UV wavelength bands. The upper limits for the emission correspond to a UV luminosity of ~1 × 1019 watt, which lies in the range of the theoretically expected values.

Conclusions. The possible auroral emission from the dwarf could be produced by a close-in companion and/or magnetospheric transport processes.
Research on the Selection of Strategic Environment Analysis Models for Power Enterprises
Authors: Song Haixu
Published: September 2021

The paper analyses the advantages, shortcomings and applicability of the enterprise strategic environment analysis model. In addition, it analyses the characteristics of power enterprises which are different from ordinary enterprises. Based on this, the paper proposes the appropriate models which power enterprises should be selected. The study indicates that power companies are suitable to be used the PEST model as the basic method, while using the ecosystem analysis model and the environmental uncertainty analysis model as a supplement, so as to conduct comprehensive application and judgment.
Potential effects of temperature levels on soil bacterial community structure
Authors: Fang Jing , Wei Shuli , Shi Gongfu , Cheng Yuchen , Zhang Xiangqian , Zhang Fan , Lu Zhanyuan , Zhao Xiaoqing
Published: September 2021

Soil microorganisms play a crucial role in the response to global warming in terrestrial ecosystems. Soils with higher microbial diversity have more ecological functions, higher resistance to environmental stress and higher crop production capacity. At present, the research on the effect of temperature change on soil microorganisms mostly adopts the methods of outdoor infrared temperature measurement or exchange and transplantation of soil with different temperature zones. Here, we investigate how temperature gradients potentially affect soil bacterial communities to change. For this reason, we used indoor precise temperature control treatment and combined high-throughput sequencing with bioinformatics to systematically analyze the diversity and species composition of soil bacteria under different temperature gradients, and to clarify the variation trend and interaction relationships of different species with temperature gradients. The results showed that temperature significantly affected the Alpha diversity of soil bacterial communities (P<0.05).Soil bacteria has different sensitivity and adaptability to temperature. In the range of 0-40℃, insensitive bacteria includes Proteobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes and Chloroflexi. Sensitive bacteria includes Sphingomonas, Ellin6055 and norank_f_67-14. The main reaction types of two bacteria showed four trends: ① Proteobacteria and Sphingomonas showed an “arch” variation; ② Gemmatimonadetes and Chloroflexi showed “inverted arch”. ③ Norank_f_67-14 showed an “inverted S type” change; ④ Ellin6055 shows a” parabolic ” shape. In different classification levels such as phylum and genus, the higher the classification level is, the higher degree it is weakened by temperature on, and the lower the classification level is, the stronger effect temperature has on it. In short, when temperature changes, soil bacteria can respond positively or negatively according to their ability to adapt to temperature, and accordingly form certain regular changes.
Research on Innovation Promotion and Application of Guangzhou New Energy Automobile Industry
Authors: Zhang Xueyu , Li Wenyong
Published: September 2021

The new energy automobile industry has now formed a complete industrial chain. The cities in the Bay Area have a clear division of labor, sufficient technical reserves, and strong policy support. They are emerging industries that are mainly supported. With the continuous upgrading and transformation of the industry, the transformation and upgrading of the Guangzhou automobile industry is on the agenda. This paper discusses the current situation and problems of Guangzhou automobile industry. Analysis of Several Important Influencing Factors of Guangzhou Automobile Industry Innovation in Transformation and Upgrading. Through multi-factor comparison and data analysis, this paper puts forward the corresponding optimization path, in order to accelerate the transformation , upgrading of Guangzhou automobile industry innovation ecosystem and improve the incentive mechanism of Guangzhou new energy automobile industry innovation.
Energy Storage Application Technology and Operation Model on the Customer Side in China and Abroad
Authors: Zhiyong Shi , Caixia Wang , Ning Chen , Wei Yuan , Xiaoning Ye , Qinmiao Li
Published: September 2021

As a superior flexible resource in a new power system with new energy as the main body, customer-side energy storage has great potential for future development. It expounds the application technology and operation model of customer-side energy storage in the United States and Germany, analyzes the operation model of china's customer-side energy storage and calculates internal rates of return of general commercial and industrial customers with a unitary tariff and large industrial customers with two-part tariff, and puts forward suggestions to promote the development of china’s customer-side energy storage.
Research on the influence of the VREs’ penetration on the capacity of transmission lines
Authors: Chen Ning , Wang Caixia , Yuan Wei , Li Qionghui , Ye Xiaoning , Shi Zhiyong , Li Qinmiao , Xu Liang , Fan Hao
Published: September 2021

Under the trend of global carbon emission reduction and energy transformation, variable renewable energies (VREs mainly wind power and solar) will develop rapidly. Many countries have put forward ambitious VREs development plans, and a high penetration of VREs will have a significant impact on the grid. This paper focuses on the analysis of the influence of the VREs’ penetration on the capacity of transmission lines, establishes an analysis model based on mixed integer optimization and power transfer distribution factors (FTDFs), and uses this model to carry out a quantitative study on a typical system. Through the analysis of the research results, as the penetration rate of VREs increases, the transmission power of the transmission lines and the investment cost of the transmission lines will increase, and the line utilization rate will decrease. Utility companies should pay attention to the impact of future development of VREs on grid investment costs and recovery.
Quality Management and Evaluation of UHV Transformer Based on Cloud Matter Element
Authors: Chen Yingcui , Yu Xinru , Xie Wangyuan , Wu Chao
Published: September 2021

As the critical component of power control and transformation in UHV transmission link, the effective management of UHV Transformer's whole life quality cycle is an important guarantee for the safe and stable operation of power grid. In this paper, through the analysis of UHV Transformer quality management mode, on the basis of summarizing the existing management shortcomings, the cloud matter-element model of UHV Transformer quality statistics is constructed. This model realizes the uncertain transformation of qualitative concept and quantitative value through specific algorithm, and uses shorter time and better scheme to deal with the existing or potential quality problems of substation equipment. In this study, the scientific selection of quality statistical model is used to build the quality management system, carry out the operation status evaluation of UHV Transformer, and optimize and improve the quality control process and control measures.
Research on Power Data and Transmission Service Based on Satellite Resource Scheduling Algorithm
Authors: Chen Peiguang , Tian Zihao , Wang Dong , Zhu Yeyang
Published: September 2021

Significant improvement has been made in communication capability with the development of satellite communication technology, which plays a vital role in the application of power coefficient collection and transmission. The technological development of power Internet of Things contributes to the satellite resource optimization scheduling algorithm so that the requirements for satellite data of different subscribers and different priorities can be met to the maximum extent in a short period of time. Given this background, this paper proposed an optimized satellite resource scheduling algorithm that integrated family eugenics with simulated annealing.
Study on Gas Drainage Technology of Opening Closed Roadway
Authors: Zunyu Xu
Published: September 2021

In order to ensure the safe and rapid emission of high concentration gas when the mine opens the closed roadway, the gas emission method of the measure hole on the closed wall of the roadway and the extraction hole through the head of the roadway are studied. It solved the problems of difficult control of air volume, long gas emission time, easy overrun of return air flow gas concentration and large influence range in closed roadway gas emission. The practical results show that after the closed wall of -580 m track stone gate roadway is opened, the gas concentration in the airflow is 0.18 %, and the gas emission time is 2 min, which greatly shortens the gas emission time. There is no abnormal phenomenon in the segmented gas emission, and the safe gas emission is realized.
Research on Blockchain-Based Power Data Storage Scheme
Authors: Chen Peiguang , Tian Zihao , Wang Dong , Zhu Yeyang
Published: September 2021

Blockchain technology was invented for bitcoin. It serves as a new computing paradigm with a decentralized framework. For its characteristics such as decentralization, tamper-proofing, and traceability, this technology has been widely used in various industry sectors. Currently, the power industry, as China's basic energy industry, is closely linked to national economic development. In the power industry, power data storage and dispatching are of paramount importance. However, there are some security problems with traditional storage methods. Given this, this paper proposed a blockchain-based power data storage scheme, to enhance the security of power data storage.
Research on Promoting Night Tourism and Night Economic Development in Guilin City
Authors: Chenli Gong
Published: September 2021

In the historical period when China’s economy is committed to high-quality development, the nighttime economy has attracted much attention because of its huge consumption potential. With the rapid warming of tourism fever, night tourism is not only an important part of urban tourism development, but also injects vitality into the economic development of a city. Taking Guilin as an example, this paper makes an in-depth analysis of the potential of developing night tourism in Guilin, and puts forward suggestions from two aspects of macro-control environment and product development, so as to promote the vigorous development of night tourism and night economy in Guilin.
Research on the Package Feature Selection of Talent Attracting Factors in International Trade in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area
Authors: Lei Fei , Luo Liangmei , Yang Hang , Li Qinhui , Chen Feng
Published: September 2021

This paper designs a survey questionnaire based on the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area’s demand for talents in international trade, adds job types, filters through package features, and performs feature filtering with the error filter criteria set in this paper, and conducts logistic regression analysis on talent types, so as to realize the classification and dynamic analysis of talents. The dynamic needs of various types of talents in international trade in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area are drawn, and specific measures such as increasing salaries and benefits, reducing living costs, providing housing subsidies, solving children's employment problems, and ensuring quality of life are proposed for the development of international trade talents. Reducing the cost of talent migration can promote them to make more contributions to the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. This will help the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area government to attract outstanding international trade talents and formulate detailed and feasible strategies, which has certain reference significance.
The equity pledge of major shareholders and innovation investment -- Based on the empirical data of GEM listed companies
Authors: Jingning Li
Published: September 2021

This paper takes China’s GEM listed companies from 2007 to 2020 as the research object, and empirically tests the impact of equity pledge of major shareholders on enterprise innovation investment. It is found that the equity pledge of major shareholders will restrain the innovation investment of enterprises. Further research finds that enterprises with high internal control level, the inhibiting effect of equity pledge of major shareholders on innovation investment will be weakened, that is, internal control plays a negative regulating role.
Research on the influence of internet consumer finance on the consumption behavior of rural residents in China
Authors: Lei Meng
Published: September 2021

Internet consumer finance is in the midst of the sustainable development of the current situation, this paper focuses on Internet consumer finance influence on rural residents’ consumption in China, Through the analysis of selected data by SPSS software, the empirical study proves that the development of Internet consumer finance can promote the increase of rural residents’ consumption expenditure. but the development of rural Internet consumer finance there are still some problems, thus put forward a series of countermeasures and Suggestions, for the relevant personnel to improve a certain reference and help.
Research on Management Conflict Matrix of Cross-border E-commerce Logistics Based on TRIZ Model
Authors: Liu Junbing , Ruan Simei , Huang Yunji
Published: September 2021

Cross-border E-commerce and international logistics are national key projects. International logistics is more important as Cross-border E-commerce becomes the main form of international trade. Based on the features of Cross-border E-commerce logistics, this paper selects Guangdong, where developing factors of Cross-border E-commerce industry and international logistics industry are relatively complete, as the representative research site. Questionnaires are distributed to 503 researchers from Cross-border E-commerce companies and universities in Guangdong province. Researchers use SPSS to analyze the reliability and validity of the data, and adopt the TRIZ theory to construct a logistics conflict matrix. The positive factor is inversely proportional to the negative factor variable. On the one hand, the ideal state of logistics weakens as the negative factor of logistics increases; on the other hand, the ideal state of logistics strengthens as the positive factor of logistics increases.
Research on the Development Countermeasures of Sports Tourism Industry from the View of Low Carbon Economy
Authors: Bo Liu , Hui Guo
Published: September 2021

Low carbon economy is an important economic model that can promote its social transformation. Nowadays, low carbon economy has involved many industries. With the development of social economy, sports tourism industry is progressing continuously, and the proportion in social industry is getting higher and higher, which is of great practical significance to low-carbon economy. By analyzing the connotation of low-carbon sports tourism and the relationship, its development strategy is discussed.
Corporate Environmental Performance and Bank Credit Financing
Authors: Liang Zhijian , Wang Xueying
Published: September 2021

Taking listed companies in heavy polluting industries in China from 2012 to 2018 as research samples, this paper examines the impact of corporate environmental performance on credit financing capacity. The results show that good environmental performance contributes to the improvement of corporate credit financing capacity, which is embodied in more new loans, lower loan rates, longer loan maturities, and less possibility of mortgage guarantee requirements.
An Analysis of the Effective Path of Ideological and Political Education of College Students in the Background of New Media Industry Development
Authors: Liu Xiaomin , Wang Yalin
Published: September 2021

The rapid development of new media industry has not only changed the social network, but also set off a wave of change in many fields. At present, the new media industry has spread all over the society, and also caused scholars to think about the innovative reform of education.. The continuous progress of network technology has changed the learning and life style of college students, which not only broadens the channels for students to obtain outside information, but also strengthens the communication between students and teachers, and brings teachers and students closer together. As an important way to guide students' value orientation and cultivate students' discernment ability, teachers need to keep up with the development of new media, actively innovate educational methods, and also be alert to the challenges brought by new media technology to ensure the effectiveness of ideological education. This paper analyses the opportunity dilemma faced by ideological and political education in the context of new media, and proposes an effective path for education.
Feasibility Data of Traditional Sports Industrialization Development and Informatization Development Based on Big Data
Authors: Jiaji Sun , Yuezhong Li
Published: September 2021

Since the reform and opening up, China’s economy has been developing rapidly and the material living standard has been improving continuously. People begin to pay more attention to the mental and physical health. Therefore, more and more people take part in a variety of sports activities to exercise their body and watch large-scale sports events to cultivate the sports spirit. These changes have boosted the development of China’s sports industry, which is reflected in the continuous expansion of the scale of the sports industry, the deepening of the degree of industrial segmentation and the continuous innovation of the development concept. This paper mainly studies the feasibility data analysis of traditional sports industrialization development and informatization development based on big data. In this paper, by using the research methods of literature, observation, field investigation and logical analysis, the industrialization development of traditional sports is deeply studied and systematically combed. From the perspective of informationization, this paper makes an in-depth analysis of the current situation, existing problems, the importance of industrialization, and the advantages of industrialization of traditional sports, and makes a detailed exploration and elaboration of the opportunities brought by informatization to traditional sports industry and the development strategies of the industrialization of traditional sports in the future.
The Influence of Producer Service Industry Agglomeration on Industrial Structure Upgrading: Empirical Analysis Based on Threshold Model
Authors: Wu Huifen
Published: September 2021

This paper selects the panel data of 30 provinces and cities in China from 2009 to 2017, and uses the threshold effect model to investigate the non-linear relationship between producer services agglomeration and industrial structure upgrading by taking the agglomeration degree of producer services lagging one year as the threshold variable. The results show that the effect of producer services agglomeration on industrial structure upgrading shows an inverted “U” nonlinear relationship, that is, there is an optimal agglomeration level, and the agglomeration effect has a lag.
Research and Thinking on the Development of Hospital Informatization under the New Situation
Authors: Yao Liangwei , Zhang Qian , Li Xuehui , Xu Li
Published: September 2021

With the vigorous advancement of China’s medical reform and the continuous improvement of medical services, hospitals are increasingly demanding and relying on informatization. It can be said that informatization covers all aspects of hospital business and provide comprehensive, efficient, convenient and automated management and services for the normal operation of the hospital. At present, hospitals have gradually increased their investment in informatization, and the upgrading and transformation of informatization has also been continuously enhanced. However, there are still a large number of problems in the application of hospital informatization management. It is necessary for hospital informatization managers and executors to face relevant problems,understand the tasks and goals of the next stage of hospital informatization development. This paper mainly expounds the development status of hospital information system, lists the common problems in the application of hospital informatization, puts forward reasonable and effective informatization construction methods and strategies, and points out that the construction of integrated platform hospital data warehouse and health care cloud platform is the future development direction of hospital informatization.
An overview of COVID-19 vaccine candidates
Authors: Kang Jiayi , Peng Shiyuan , Zhang Wenxiao , Zuo Yue
Published: September 2021

For the past two years, people worldwide were experiencing one of the most massive pandemics, the COVID-19. It is caused by a virus that is called Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which mainly attacks the respiratory system. Since there is no previous experience treating the disease, the drug development process is extremely difficult. People in dire need of vaccines were urgently needed to restore their lives to normal. As time went by, medical staff and experts spent numerous amounts of time and effort studying this virus. Nowadays, as the vaccine technology of various countries was very mature, vaccines with various technological paths have entered the experimental stage one after another. Eventually, effective vaccines are finally ready for wild inoculation for everyone by collaborating with all medical researchers. Currently, there are four kinds of COVID-19 vaccines available in different countries. They are inactivated vaccines, mRNA-based vaccines, viral vector vaccines, and recombinant vaccines. Most of these COVID-19 vaccines are in Phase 3 and provided in different countries. Those vaccines were manufactured in different countries, and their general production and technical characteristics will be discussed in the following paragraphs. The main purpose is trying to provide some fundamental and comprehensive background knowledge about currently available COVID-19 vaccines. It could be a reference list for those audiences who have not decided to take which vaccine.
Lessons learned from COVID-19 outbreaks profile in combination with pathology, diagnosis, treatment and vaccines
Authors: Liu Ruizhe , Zhang Enqi
Published: September 2021

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which may lead to severe respiratory infection. Since December 2019, the first COVID-19 case was detected in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China. The virus has been spread worldwide, and many countries are still struggling with disease control. Therefore, this revision would provide experience accumulated and the lessons learned by China in the pandemic. The current work reviewed the basic information about COVID-19 in the aspects of pathology, diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and the major pandemic outbreaks in China. By summarizing and analyzing the measurements taken by the Chinese government and their corresponding outcomes on public health, it determined the progress made on the policies and their efficiency in the control of pandemics. With the sharing of these lessons, other countries can learn from establishing the COVID-19 surveillance system in China that would support their struggle on domestic public health.
Genetic mechanism of ASD-related monogenetic diseases
Authors: Chen Yuqing , Pang Yasong
Published: September 2021

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a series of neurodevelopmental disorders presented as behavioral abnormality such as problems with social, communication, and repetitive behaviors. There are four ASD-related monogenetic diseases worthy of analysis: fragile X syndrome, PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome, tuberous sclerosis complex, and Rett syndrome. These four monogenetic diseases are respectively caused by one gene and have something in common in phenotype while also have their unique features. All of them have been related to the same pathway: phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate kinase (PI3K) / protein kinase B (PKB or Akt) / mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, which plays a primary role in many physiological processes on a cellular level. Nowadays, there is no cure for these monogenetic diseases, thus much remains to be done to find ways to treat patients with the diseases mentioned above.
Expression of human G3BP1 inE. coli
Authors: Yang Ziwei
Published: September 2021

G3BP1 (Ras-GTPase-activating protein SH3 domain-binding protein) is responsible for normal RNA stress granule (SG) assembly and overexpressed in many cancer cells. Deletion of G3BP1 decreases the number and size of SGs. SGs are complex of RNA and proteins that stall translation of protein in response to stress. Given the function of G3BP1 in stress granule assembly and tumor suppression, it is believed that G3BP1 regulates cell growth and proliferation as well. Here, I constructed the recombinant protein expression vector and systemically optimized condition for the expression of human G3BP1 protein inE. coli. This research should be useful for investigating further functional analysis and atomic structure of G3BP1.
Major clinical advances of depression: now and future
Authors: He Peixin , Liu Xinyi , Wen Jiaqi , Zhang Ying
Published: September 2021

Depression, as one of the largest influence disorders, needs more attention on its growing patients. Medicine treatment has been seeing as the major treatment for depression. As one of the most commonly used medicine, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIS) increases serotonin levels to treat depression effectively, and the data from clinical data prove its value. Furthermore, Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) and Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) treat depression by affecting at least one neurotransmitter, generally is chemical in the brain and digestive system. Other therapies were mostly as an auxiliary, such as psychological therapy, Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT), Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), and Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS). These therapies often work effectively by stimulating neurotransmitters’ activity and increasing the activeness of the reward system. After new study and technology production, new development like ketamine can satisfy Individual Differences by more detailed inspection. Optogenetics in auxiliary treatment can be another way to increase the exactness of ECT and VNS after solving problems such as actual circuits in the whole network. In this review, we first focus mostly on drug treatments. We then summarize current information for other treatments and discuss the mechanisms that lead to in effect. Ultimately, we predict future development in the drug and optogenetics area. The previous study on depression treatment leads us a way to discover a future solution.
Ultra-high speed X-ray imaging of dynamic fracturing in cementitious materials under impact
Authors: Lukić Bratislav , Blasone Maria , Duplan Yannick , Forquin Pascal , Escauriza Emilio , Rutherford Michael , Chapman David , Eakins Daniel , Olbinado Margie , Rack Alexander
Published: September 2021

In this work the dynamic fracturing of an ultra-high strength cementitious material is probed with in-situ ultra-high speed X-ray phase-contrast diagnostics to investigate the phenomenology of dynamic fracture. Gas gun experiments were conducted on two characteristic samples with two different impact speeds, namely 80 and 190 m/s using the edge-on impact test configuration. The samples were placed within the intense X-ray beam providing an observation field of 12.8 mm in width and 8 mm in height. Thanks to equispaced 16 bunches of short X-ray pulses, the samples were imaged through an indirect detector arrangement using the Shimadzu HPV-X2 camera lens-coupled to a fast scintillator capturing through-thickness measurements with an interframe time of 1.06 µs. The comparison of fragmentation patterns between two samples revealed an important insight into velocity dependant spall formation as well as the effects of crack closure and bridging.
Application of the Photon Doppler Velocimetry (PDV) technique in tension-torsion Hopkinson bar experiments
Authors: Farbaniec Lukasz , Xu Yuan , Zhou Junyi , Patsias Sophoclis , Macdougall Duncan , Reed Julian , Petrinic Nik , Siviour Clive , Pellegrino Antonio , Eakins Daniel E.
Published: September 2021

The Photon Doppler Velocimetry (PDV) technique is used to capture simultaneously propagating elastic waves of longitudinal and shear nature in a Tension-Torsion Hopkinson Bar (TTHB) apparatus. The system uses a pair of probes per velocity measurement, which were taken on the opposite sides of the TTHB bar with a laser irradiated spot size of ~35 µm. The collected data were compared to the measurements obtained from the conventional strain gauge technique, and were in good agreement. The PDV method was effective in separating longitudinal and rotation signals even when they were superimposed on each other at the gauge location. This approach is also shown to be effective in detecting and accounting for the presence of bending waves in the TTHB bars.
A novel apparatus and methodology for the high frequency mechanical characterisation of ultrasoft materials
Authors: Graham Aaron , Siviour Clive R
Published: September 2021

Characterising the mechanical response of ultra-soft materials is challenging, particularly at high strain rates and frequencies [1]. Time Temperature Superposition (TTS) can sometimes be used to mitigate these limitations [2], however not all materials are suitable for TTS. Biological tissues are particularly difficult to test: in addition to the extreme softness, challenges arise due to specimen inhomogeneity, sensitivity to boundary conditions, natural biological variability, and complex post-mortem changes. In the current study, a novel experimental apparatus and methodology was developed and validated using low modulus silicone elastomers as model materials. The full field visco-elastic shear response was characterised over a wide range of deformation frequencies (100-1000+ Hz) and amplitudes using Digital Image Correlation (DIC) and the Virtual Fields Method (VFM). This methodology allows for the extraction of fullfield material properties that would be difficult or impossible to obtain using traditional engineering techniques.
Investigation on Fragmentation of Pyrophoric Alloy Samples during Taylor Test Using SPH
Authors: Santamaria Ferraro Evaristo , Seidl Marina , De Vuyst Tom
Published: September 2021

This study is the first part of a project that aims to assess and model impact-induced energy release (IIER). The present part of the work investigates the failure mode of brittle commercial pyrophoric alloy samples during Taylor impact tests. A series of ferrocerium specimens were shot against tungsten carbide anvils, with velocities ranging between 60 and 140 m/s. A Total Lagrangian SPH model was employed to simulate the deformation and impact-induced fragmentation of the cylinders using LSDYNA®. The modified Johnson-Cook constitutive model was applied in combination with the Cockcroft-Latham fracture criterion. The plastic deformation process, shear cracking, and fragmentation are well reproduced in the numerical results.
Numerical and experimental study on mechanical behaviour of the AlSi10Mg aluminium structures manufactured additively and subjected to a blast wave
Authors: Stanczak M. , Fras T. , Blanc L. , Pawlowski P. , Rusinek A.
Published: September 2021

The paper is related to energy absorptive properties of additively manufactured metallic cellular structures. The samples of Honeycomb, Auxetic, rhomboidal Lattice and a regular Foam are subjected to a dynamic compression due to the blast tests. The cuboidal samples are manufactured by the Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) method using AlSi10Mg aluminium powder. The experimental tests are performed by means of an Explosive Driven Shock Tube (EDST). The measured results of the transmitted forces in relation to the shortening of the samples allow to analyse the deformation processes of each selected geometry. In addition, the evaluation of the structural responses leads to identification of the structure properties, such as the equivalent stress over equivalent strain or the energy absorption per a unit of mass. Moreover, the process of compression is modelled numerically using the explicit code LS-DYNA R9.0.1. The obtained simulations provide the complete analysis of the experimentally observed mechanisms.
Experimental tests and numerical simulations of ballistic impact on laminated glass
Authors: Osnes Karoline , Holmen Jens Kristian , Grue Tormod , Børvik Tore
Published: September 2021

In this study, we investigate double-laminated glass plates under ballistic impact through experimental tests and numerical simulations. The experimental tests are used to determine the ballistic limit velocity and curve for the laminated glass targets, and to create a basis for comparison with numerical simulations. We tested two different glass pane configurations: (1) one double-laminated glass plate, and (2) two layers of double-laminated glass plates separated by an airgap. In the numerical study, we used finite element simulations that employed higher order elements and 3D node splitting to predict the residual velocities of the bullets in the experiments. Node splitting enabled modelling of fracture by element separation and was employed for the glass parts. The material and fracture models that we used for the glass and the PVB parts were simplified, but the numerical predictions proved to be in excellent agreement with the experimental results.
Effect of ceramic particles on the dynamic strength, deformation and toughness behavior of 42CrMo4
Authors: Koch Kevin , Kietov Volodymyr , Henschel Sebastian , Krüger Lutz
Published: September 2021

In this study, the effect of non-metallic inclusions on the material behavior of 42CrMo4 was investigated. By adding aluminum oxide particles to steel powder, different inclusion contents were simulated. The mechanical and fracture toughness properties were measured under dynamic loading. The damage was examined using the acoustic emissions. With an increasing inclusion content, a decreasing strength, deformability and fracture toughness were observed. The distribution of the inclusions along the surfaces of the prior steel particles lead to small distances between inclusions and favors the initiation of cracks at low stress. The early appearance of material damage was proven by acoustic emissions.
Some aspects of the behavior of metastable austenitic steels at high strain rates
Authors: Isakov Matti , Pun Lalit , Kuokkala Veli-Tapani , Hokka Mikko
Published: September 2021

Metastable austenite containing steels, i.e., steels capable of undergoing solid-state phase transformation from austenite to α´-martensite during plastic deformation, offer a very good combination of ductility, strength, and above all, exceptional strain hardening capability. In effect, in suitable plastic deformation conditions the relatively soft austenitic phase can transform to the harder α´-martensite, which increases the strain hardening rate of the material through various mechanisms. This special feature gives these kinds of alloys several beneficial properties, such as resistance against flow instabilities and increased capability to absorb deformation energy. For this reason, metastable austenite containing alloys have been extensively studied in the past. However, several open questions still remain, especially in the field of high rate deformation. This can be related to the great number and complexity of the related microstructural phenomena and their combined effects on the material response. The open questions affect both the metallurgy of the material and the numerical modeling of material behavior. The current contribution addresses some of these questions and their possible solutions, as well as gives an outlook on the possible future development directions.
Strain rate and temperature dependent strain localization of dynamically stretched lightweight bars: from metal to polymer
Authors: Zhang Longhui , Townsend David , Petrinic Nik , Pellegrino Antonio
Published: September 2021

This work studies the dynamic strain localization and constitutive relationship of a Ti3Al2.5V alloy in jet engine containment system and a transparent polycarbonate conceived for aircraft canopy application by Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique from quasi-static condition to high strain rates at different temperatures. The responses of two materials show significant strain rate and temperature sensitivities. Observations of Ti3Al2.5V alloy show that the dynamic local strain rate can reach values up to 1000 % of the nominal strain rate in the necking zone. However, dynamic local strain rate of polycarbonate soars up during strain softening then decreases rapidly with necking propagation, and eventually becomes 20 % of the nominal strain rate until fracture. Appropriate viscoplastic constitutive models are determined for both materials, which are incorporated in finite element simulations to reveal the trend of dynamic local strain rate evolution in dynamic tensile tests. The present work shows two different kinds of strain localization in typical lightweight materials, which should be addressed carefully from Split Hopkinson Tension Bar (SHTB) tests.
Experimental investigation on the effect of platform heating on the dynamic mechanical properties of selective laser manufacturing of AlSi10Mg alloy
Authors: Amir Ben , Grinberg Eyal , Gale Yuval , Sadot Oren , Samuha Shmuel
Published: September 2021

Additive manufacturing (AM) is one of the emerging promising technology technologies of manufacturing prototypes. The process of AM is based on melting powder by an energetic beam layer by layer to create a three-dimensional body. One of the lightweight alloys that is being used for AM is AlSi10Mg. The process of manufacturing is controlled by several tens of parameters most of which are determined by the machine manufacturer. One of the important parameters is the building platform temperature. In the present study we took samples from different heights of the building platform and measured the dynamic mechanical properties of each sample. It was noted that after a stress relief treatment (SRT) the difference in the static and dynamic mechanical properties along the building direction changed differently. The dynamic mechanical properties of samples that were fabricated in proximity to the building platform did not change after the SRT, while the mechanical properties of the samples that were fabricated far from the platform changed dramatically and became like those that were fabricated near the building plate.
Dual-Mobility Cups in Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Bellova Petri , Goronzy Jens , Riedel Roman , Grothe Tim , Hartmann Albrecht , Günther Klaus-Peter
Published: September 2021

Dual-mobility cups (DMCs) were introduced in France more than 40 years ago and are increasingly used not only in hip revision but also primary hip arthroplasty. Due to a simulated
large-head articulation and increased jumping distance, DMCs can contribute to a high range of motion in the hip joint and reduce the risk of instability. Numerous studies have reported low
dislocation rates and high survival rates in the mid-term follow-up. Nevertheless, long-term data, especially on primary hip replacement, remain limited, and the effect of recent designs and
material innovations is still unclear. Therefore, primary DMCs are mainly proposed in patients at high risk for dislocation (i.e. pelvitrochanteric insufficiency, compromised spinopelvic
mobility, neuromuscular disorders, obesity and femoral neck fractures). Based on a review of recently published studies referring to these indications, the current study discusses the
advantages and disadvantages of DMCs.