bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INCIDENCE, OUTCOME, AND MORTALITY PROFILE OF SOLID ORGAN INJURIES AMONG PATIENTS WITH BLUNT ABDOMINAL TRAUMA IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Singh Neetu , Kumar Samridh , Khadda Sandeep , ML Dawan
Published: December 2023

Objective: The objective is to evaluate the histopathology and establish a correlation between placental changes in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and fetal outcome. To access the solid organ injuries in blunt trauma abdomen patients with respect to management and outcome in a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: A prospective descriptive type of study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital including 100 study participants from December 2021 to November 2022. All the patients with the diagnosis of the blunt abdominal trauma were assessed clinically at the time of presentation. After obtaining written informed consent, the detailed information regarding the mode of injury, clinical presentation was collected and recorded. Records were maintained about nonoperative and operative management duration of stay and outcome of patients. The data collected were then entered into MS Excel sheet and analyzed using SPSS v20.0. The data were presented in the form of numbers and proportions.
Results and Conclusion: 76% of study participants reported to hospital within 6 h of trauma. 83% of patients had undergone conservative management, while 13% were managed surgically. The mortality rate among study participants was 5%.
Las Tasas de trueque en las caravanas de la Puna argentina
Authors: Abeledo Sebastián Humberto
Published: December 2023

This article presents an ethnographic study on shepherd trade caravans in Santa Rosa de los Pastos Grandes (Salta, Argentina), contributing discussion elements to a widely addressed topic: stability in barter rates. Based on data obtained from several interviews with protagonists and first-hand information, we briefly introduce the logic and dynamics of the caravans and how barter practices have transformed to date. The article proposes observing other types of variation beyond those cited in ethnographies from various places in the Andes that enable analysis and discussion of rate stability. To that end, it concentrates on three paradigm points: variations in the units of measurement by volume, market value as a reference for exchanges, and the distance traveled in search of better barter rates.
Emergency Power in Hungary and the COVID-19
Authors: Antal Attila
Published: December 2023

We live in an era of overlapping states of exceptions: the climate and ecological emergency, the permanent crisis of global capitalism, the migration crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic. Relying on the Hungarian political regime, this paper investigates how and why exceptional measures restructure our life. It can be argued that the main outcome of the exceptional measures is the rise of a new executive power, and it is demonstrated how heavily authoritarian regimes rely on the state of exception. It has been argued here that behind the strengthening of the emergency power there is the new rise of unlimited executive power, which is nothing more than the legal and political fulfilment of two-thirds majority power. Upon the case of the permanent state of exception of the Orbán regime, it can be said that the COVID-19 as an epidemiological crisis cannot be traced back to the Orbán administration, but the executive power has found a way to create a new political crisis based on the epidemic. The paper briefly discusses the impact of the 2022 Hungarian national election campaign period and the Russian aggression against Ukraine in February 2022 on the Hungarian emergency powers.
Grain Seed Treatment by a Low-Frequency Electromagnetic Field
Authors: Dorokhov A. S. , Chaplygin M. E. , Aksenov A. G. , Shibryaeva L. S. , Blinov N. D. , Chulkov A. S. , Podzorov A. V.
Published: December 2023

The paper notes the potential for enhancing seed productivity through exposure to an electromagnetic field. It touches upon both theoretical and practical considerations for developing an experimental laboratory plant for pre-sowing seed treatment using a low-frequency electromagnetic field and aiming to achieve a magnetobiological effect. (Research purpose) The study aims to investigate the influence of low-frequency electromagnetic field on the composition and properties of grain seeds. (Materials and methods) Standard emitters, characterized by a magnetic induction variability of 3-75 millitesla and a radiation frequency of 1-100 Hertz, were employed to ensure the necessary treatment parameters for a batch of seeds. (Results and discussion) The study investigates the impact of magnetization on the germination process, germination energy, and the physical and chemical properties of seeds subjected to different parameters of a low-frequency electromagnetic field (ranging from 3 to 75 millitesla in magnetic induction and a radiation frequency of 10-16 Hertz).The quality of the effect was analyzed with respect to the installation parameters and seed mass, ranging from 10 to 500 grams, across various cereal crops. Subsequently, specific modes were identified, and a functional irradiation program was devised to ensure a highly effective impact on seeds, optimizing their germination, sprouting and development. (Conclusions) The impact of a low-frequency electromagnetic field on the composition and properties of grain has been studied. An experimental laboratory plant with sources of a low-frequency electromagnetic field has been developed and irradiation modes have been justified. The pre-sowing treatment of an industrial batch, the magnetobiological effect is contingent upon several factors, including the crop type and variety, activation of a biological complex in a cell that initiates the development of a seedling, seed quality and moisture content, the presence of microorganisms on the surface, pathogenic ones included, and the characteristics of irradiation sources and energy parameters. The parameters of the low-frequency electromagnetic field were determined as follows: magnetic induction ranging from 3 to 75 millitesla, a frequency 10-16 Hertz, and seed weight varying from 10 to 500 grams. These identified parameters will be applied in the development of an industrial unit designed for the preparation of seed material and enhancement of its sowing properties.
Distribution of Heterogeneous, Highly Impure Soy Material in a Deep Air Channel
Authors: Moskovskiy M. N. , Borzenko S. I.
Published: December 2023

The paper highlights a lack of machines and equipment capable of cleaning highly impure soybean material efficiently and productively. Most of the existing grain cleaning machines are designed for the materials conforming to GOST 17109-88 that specifies weed and oilseed impurity contents of 2 and 6 percent, respectively. In reality, a typical soybean post-harvest waste often contains 20 to 60 percent of material unsuitable for extracting raw protein, that makes this type of material completely non–separable for this type of machine. (Research purpose) The research aims to determine the optimal efficiency of separating heterogeneous bulk mixtures in a vertically ascending air channel. (Materials and methods) To accomplish this, the authors employed a rotary batch classifier RBK 30 and a prototype sample of a precision air classifier PAC with column air flow accelerators. The paper defines impurity separation completeness and soybean waste separation efficiency in a novel pneumatic classifier, considering the accelerator thickness and the height above the processed material. (Results and discussion) The findings reveal that traditional pneumatic channels achieve no more than 20 percent of separation efficiency for highly impure soybean material, while the precision air classifier demonstrates approximately a 45 percent separation. (Conclusions) Typical air flow machines struggle with high impurity of material. The separation efficiency of highly impure material can be enhanced by equalizing the air flow velocity inside and above the layer of the separated material and installing a core air flow accelerator. The study indicates that the material being processed can be separated by air flow, provided a specialized pneumatic separation channel is used. Due to the ratio of the core accelerator height and the height above the material, the air flow velocity inside and above the separated layer is equalized.
Dependence of Tractor Traction Properties on Agricultural Machinery Connections
Authors: Iovlev G. A. , Goldina I. I.
Published: December 2023

Tractor traction properties depend on many factors including engine power, operating weight and tractor weight distribution across axles, dimensions, profile, gears range and gear count in the gearbox. Moreover, the tractor technical condition plays a vital role, encompassing aspects from the fuel system affecting the engine power output, to the chassis, influencing terrain traversability, maneuverability, and soil deformation. (Research purpose) The paper addresses several research problems. To investigate the impact of the agricultural machinery connections with the tractor on the tractor traction properties, and determine the impact of agricultural machinery weight, and grip width on the main technical and economic parameters. To analyze how geometrical parameters of tractors and agricultural machinery correlate with soil reactions under the machine support wheels as well as the front and rear wheels of the tractor. To determine the influence of the design characteristics of cultivators with varying working widths on the main operational properties of the machine-tractor unit. (Materials and methods) The study involves examining the operation of theBelarus 82.1tractor with cultivatorsKPS-4andKPS-5from different manufacturers. Various methods were employed, including calculation, calculation-construction, calculation-graphic analysis, economic-mathematical techniques, along with comparison, measurement, and description. (Results and discussion) This study identified indicators impacting the load redistribution transmitted to the tractor from mounted cultivators. Based on these indicators, alterations in soil reactions under cultivator support wheels and the tractor’s rear wheels were deduced. (Conclusions) The calculations on the effect of mounted cultivators with different working widths (different operating weight) on the redistribution of soil reactions between axles, enabled the determination of modifications in tractor traction force, machine-tractor unit productivity, and specific fuel consumption.
History of Modern Agronomy Physics: Contribution and Significance of A.F. Ioffe Works
Authors: Smyk A. F. , Guseva E. A. , Forsh E. A.
Published: December 2023

The paper highlights that research in the field of agricultural physics in this country began in the 1930s and is closely linked to the renowned physicist Abram Fedorovich Ioffe. Under his leadership, the world’s first Agrophysical Research Institute was established in 1932. A.F. Ioffe directed this institute from 1932 to 1942 and from 1954 to 1959. These periods are particularly noteworthy in terms of the scientist’s contributions to formulating and executing the institute’s objectives. (Research purpose) The paper aims to examine A.F. Ioffe’s role in the development of agrophysical science during his tenure as the director of the Agrophysical Institute from 1954 to 1959. (Materials and methods) The research is grounded in the analysis of archival materials, reports detailing research activities of the Agrophysical Research Institute, publications, and A.F. Ioffe’s engagements from 1932 to 1959. The study explores the role of physics in shaping and refining methods within domestic agricultural production. The paper presents the outcomes of theoretical and applied research conducted under the guidance of A.F. Ioffe, particularly focusing on the development of measuring instruments for integration into control systems within industrial agricultural production. (Results and discussion) It was revealed that during A.F. Ioffe’s leadership periods, the methodology of an «electronic agronomist» was developed, marking a global pioneering achievement. The paper shows the integration of advanced physics achievements into agriculture, and highlights the use of semiconductor devices to monitor the physical and chemical parameters of the soil, as well as external factors affecting crop life. (Conclusions) The paper underscores the pivotal role played by the scientist and organizer A.F. Ioffe during the emergence and development of domestic agronomic physics. It points out the primary directions of agrophysical work and the results achieved directly under the leadership of A.F. Ioffe. The paper also sheds light on their contribution to developing the main research directions in the field of agronomic physics, which continue to be pertinent in modern conditions.
Graph-theoretical optimization of fusion-based graph state generation
Authors: Lee Seok-Hyung , Jeong Hyunseok
Published: December 2023

Graph states are versatile resources for various quantum information processing tasks, including measurement-based quantum computing and quantum repeaters. Although the type-II fusion gate enables all-optical generation of graph states by combining small graph states, its non-deterministic nature hinders the efficient generation of large graph states. In this work, we present a graph-theoretical strategy to effectively optimize fusion-based generation of any given graph state, along with a Python package OptGraphState. Our strategy comprises three stages: simplifying the target graph state, building a fusion network, and determining the order of fusions. Utilizing this proposed method, we evaluate the resource overheads of random graphs and various well-known graphs. Additionally, we investigate the success probability of graph state generation given a restricted number of available resource states. We expect that our strategy and software will assist researchers in developing and assessing experimentally viable schemes that use photonic graph states.
Klaipėdos krašto oikonimų Jan Alzeik, andulen / Greger Zceyp, Wittblind kilmė
Authors: Kregždys Rolandas
Published: December 2023

Straipsnyje detalizuojami Klaipėdos krašto, t. y. Mažosios Lietuvos šiaurinės dalies palei Nemuno žemupį ir Baltijos jūrą, oikonimų Jan Alzeik, Andullen / Greger Zceyp, Wittblind formaliosios pateikties ypatumai bei pateikiama šių toponimų etimologinė analizė.
Hubungan Status Gizi dan Status Imunisasi dengan Kejadian Diare pada Balita di Puskesmas Putri Ayu Kota Jambi
Authors: Oktariana Mela , Hariyanti Reni , Riya Rosa , Sulastri Sulastri
Published: December 2023

In Indonesia, the death rate for children under five due to diarrhea in 2015 was 8,600 children under five, which is ranked 12th out of 15 countries with the highest death rate for children under five in the world and the highest in Southeast Asia. The aim of the research was to determine the relationship between nutritional status and immunization status with the incidence of diarrhea at the Putri Ayu Health Center, Jambi City. This research method is quantitative with a retrospective approach. The population in this study were all toddlers at the Putri Ayu Community Health Center, Jambi City, totaling 483 people with a sample size of 73 respondents. The sampling technique uses random sampling. Data analysis uses univariate and bivariate analysis with statistical tests using the Chi-Square Test. The results of research that has been carried out show that there is a relationship between nutritional status and the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers with outcomes (p=0.046) and there is a relationship between immunization status and the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers with outcomes (p=0.004) at the Putri Ayu Community Health Center, Jambi City in 2023. It can be concluded that there is a relationship between nutritional status and immunization status with the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers at the Putri Ayu Community Health Center, Jambi City in 2023.
Abstrak
Di Indonesia angka kematian balita akibat diare pada tahun 2015 sebanyak 8.600 balita yang menempati peringkat 12 dari 15 negara dengan angka kematian balita tertinggi di dunia dan tertinggi di Asia Tenggara. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan status gizi dan status imunisasi dengan kejadian diare di Puskesmas Putri Ayu Kota Jambi. Metode penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif dengan pendekatan restrospektif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini seluruh balita di Puskesmas Putri Ayu Kota Jambi sebanyak 483 orang dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 73 responden. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan random sampling. Analisis data menggunakan analisis univariat dan bivariate dengan uji statistik menggunakan Uji Chi-Square. Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan didapatkan bahwa ada hubungan antara status gizi dengan kejadian diare pada balita dengan hasil (p=0.046) dan ada hubungan status imunisasi dengan kejadian diare pada balita dengan hasil (p=0,004) di Puskesmas Putri Ayu Kota Jambi Tahun 2023. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan status gizi dengan status imunisasi dengan kejadian diare pada balita di Puskesmas Putri Ayu Kota Jambi Tahun 2023.
Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan ASI Eksklusif terhadap Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy pada Ibu Menyusui
Authors: Widayanti Arief , Mawardika Tina
Published: December 2023

Breast milk (ASI) is the optimal nutrition for infants compared to formula milk. One key factor in the success of exclusive breastfeeding is Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy (BSE), which can be enhanced through health education. This study aims to determine the impact of health education on exclusive breastfeeding on breastfeeding self-efficacy. The research employed a quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent (pretest and posttest) control group approach. The sample comprised breastfeeding mothers with infants aged 0 to 2 years, totaling 34 respondents divided into intervention and control groups. Purposive sampling was utilized for sample selection. The instrument employed was the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale Short Form (BSES-SF). Bivariate analysis was conducted using an independent t-test to examine whether there were differences in breastfeeding self-efficacy between the intervention and control groups. Results showed a significant p-value (0.000) < α (0.05), indicating an influence of exclusive breastfeeding health education on breastfeeding self-efficacy among breastfeeding mothers.
Abstrak
Air Susu Ibu (ASI) merupakan nutrisi terbaik bagi bayi dibandingkan dengan susu formula. Salah satu faktor keberhasilan pemberian ASI eksklusif adalah Breastfeeding Self- Efficacy (BSE). BSE bisa ditingkatkan dengan pemberian pendidikan kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pendidikan kesehatan tentang ASI eksklusif terhadap breastfeeding self-efficacy. Metode penelitian menggunakan  quasy experimental dengan pendekatan nonequivalent (pretest and posttest) with control group design. Sampel dalam penelitian ini  adalah ibu menyusui bayi berusia dari 0 bulan sampai dengan 2 tahun yaitu sebanyak 34 responden yang terbagi atas kelompok intervensi & kelompok kontrol. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling. Instrument yang digunakan adalah kuesioner breastfeeding self-efficacy scale short form (BSES-SF). Analisa bivariat menggunakan uji independent t test. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai signifikasi p value (0,000) < α (0,05) yang berarti ada pengaruh pemberian pendidikan kesehatan tentang ASI eksklusif terhadap breastfeeding self-efficacy pada ibu menyusui.
The effect of board diligence on the audit committee effectiveness during the COVID-19 crisis: Empirical evidence from French companies
Authors: Kaabi Ibtissem
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of board diligence on the audit committee’s effectiveness throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a sample of the top 164 non-financial French companies listed on CAC All-Tradable during 2020. The paper employs the ordinary least squares method to look at the relation between audit committee effectiveness score and board activity during the health crisis. The results indicate that board activity positively affects the effectiveness of the audit committee during the COVID-19 crisis. We find a significant positive association at the 1 percent level between company size and audit committee effectiveness scores related to companies in the medical sector. However, factors such as firm age and leverage had no impact on effectiveness. We recall that this line of research is very little explored in the world and that our study is the first to have addressed this issue in the French context. This result cements the notion to professionals, managers, and stakeholders who deem that the board of directors is a pillar of success and resilience, as it is considered the most relevant governance mechanism in critical situations.
Development of the Single Area Payments Scheme in the Visegrad Countries
Authors: Osztrogonácz Ivó
Published: December 2023

One of the most important date for the Visegrad Countries2 was year 2004, because of the accession to the EU. The four countries have to apply the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) which provides facilities for the farmers in form of direct payment, market measures, agricultural and rural development programs. The analyses of the direct payments development in the Visegrad Countries are necessary for the further CAP reform
Potrzeby rolników w zakresie wsparcia ze strony otoczenia instytucjonalnego w warunkach członkostwa Polski w Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Kata Ryszard
Published: December 2023

W opracowaniu dokonano charakterystyki potrzeb rolników w zakresie rożnych form wsparcia gospodarstw rolnych ze strony otoczenia instytucjonalnego w nowych uwarunkowaniach dla rolnictwa, jakie wynikają z członkostwa Polski w Unii Europejskiej. Zakres przestrzenny badań obejmuje makroregion rolnictwa rozdrobnionego. Analizie poddano te formy wsparcia oraz instytucje, które zdaniem rolników mogą najskuteczniej przyczynią się do przekształceń i rozwoju gospodarstw
Rozwój zrównoważony rolnictwa wobec wymogów Unii Europejskiej w zakresie ochrony środowiska
Authors: Oleszko-Kurzyna Bożena
Published: December 2023

Polityka Unii Europejskiej jest w coraz większym stopniu ukierunkowana na realizację strategii zrównoważonego rozwoju, która oznacza harmonizację ekonomicznych, społecznych i ekologicznych aspektów rozwoju. Szczególną rolę odgrywają tu kwestie ochrony środowiska, bowiem pojawiające się zagrożenia mogą w istotny sposób ograniczyć rozwój gospodarczy i cywilizacyjny przyszłych pokoleń. Warto podkreślić, że związki między rozwojem gospodarczym i społecznym a środowiskiem naturalnym dostrzeżono dopiero na przełomie lat 60. i 70. XX w. W polityce ekologicznej UE akcentuje się konieczność zintegrowania polityki ochrony środowiska z politykami sektorowymi, w tym z polityką rolną. Powstaje pytanie, czy istniejące instrumenty polityki rolnej UE są dobrze ukierunkowane z punktu widzenia celów środowiskowych, a zatem czy sprzyjają zrównoważonemu rozwojowi rolnictwa i obszarów wiejskich. W opracowaniu wskazano najważniejsze reformy WPR akcentujące potrzebę równoważenia skutków gospodarowania w rolnictwie na płaszczyźnie ekologicznej. Środowiskowe aspekty polityki rolnej UE pokazano z perspektywy Polski.
The Fast, the Feeble, and the Furious: Digital Transformation of Temporality in Clinical Care
Authors: Ihlebæk Hanna Marie
Published: December 2023

This chapter draws on material from an anthropological study among nurses working in a hospital cancer unit in Norway. Based on participant observation and interviews, the chapter explores how nurses in a Norwegian cancer ward apply various strategies in balancing multiple clinical rhythms, through their interaction with digital devices and platforms in their clinical work. To address this issue, perspectives inspired by science and technology studies (STS) on acceleration and the interrelationship between technology and temporality, as presented in works by Hartmut Rosa and Judy Wajcman, have been applied. The study identified ‘being ahead’, ‘falling behind’, and ‘working the system’ as three different behavioural strategies or responses among the nurses. These responses were accompanied by feelings of being fast, feeble, and furious in meeting expectations related to speed in various clinical situations. By discussing how nurses engage with digital tools, to control, avoid or oppose dominating conceptions of time in modern hospital care, the chapter contributes new empirical nuances to the literature on how digital technology has become an integral part of the management of health and welfare institutions, and how such managerial power works.
Pengaruh Minat, Motivasi, Penghargaan Finansial, dan Pengetahuan tentang Pajak Terhadap Pilihan Berkarir di Bidang Perpajakan (Studi pada Mahasiswa Akuntansi yang Mengikuti Program Relawan Pajak)
Authors: Ritayanti Ni Made , Riesty Masdiantini Putu
Published: December 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh minat, motivasi, penghargaan finansial, dan pengetahuan tentang pajak terhadap pilihan berkarir di bidang perpajakan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian dengan menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Metode pengumpulan data penelitian ini menggunakan kuesioner, studi pustaka, dan dokumentasi. Sumber data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dari hasil olah data kuesioner, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari data jumlah relawan pajak pada Kanwil DJP Bali dan berbagai literatur pendukung. Sampel penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 97 responden yang dipilih berdasarkan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa minat, motivasi, dan pengetahuan tentang pajak berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap pilihan berkarir di bidang perpajakan. Sementara itu, penghargaan finansial tidak berpengaruh terhadap pilihan berkarir di bidang perpajakan. Hal ini berarti penghargaan finansial bukanlah alasan utama bagi mahasiswa S1 akuntansi yang mengikuti program relawan pajak memilih karir di bidang perpajakan.

Kata Kunci : karir, perpajakan, relawan pajak
Pengaruh Growth Opportunity dan Profitabilitas Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan pada Perusahaan Sub Sektor Makanan dan Minuman yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia
Authors: Ramadhanti Sagita , Cipta Wayan
Published: December 2023

Abstrak

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menguji pengaruh growth opportunity serta profitabilitas terhadap nilai perusahaan. Desain penelitian yakni kuantitatif kausal. Subjek penelitian yakni Perusahaan Sub Sektor Makanan dan Minuman yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia serta objek penelitian adalah growth opportunity, profitabilitas, dan nilai perusahaan. Teknik penentuan sampel yang digunakan purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 18 perusahaan. Data dikumpulkan melalui pencatatan dokumen, dan dianalisis dengan analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) growth opportunity serta profitabilitas berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan, (2) growth opportunity berpengaruh positif serta signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan, (3) profitabilitas berpengaruh positif serta signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan pada Perusahaan Sub Sektor Makanan dan Minuman yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia.

 

Kata kunci: growth opportunity, nilai perusahaan, profitabilitas
A incorporação da História da Ciência no Ensino para a discussão dos raios-x na Educação Básica
Authors: Guimarães Lucas Peres
Published: December 2023

ResumoEsse trabalho tem como principal objetivo incorporar a abordagem da história da ciência no ensino dos raios-x no 8º ano do ensino fundamental, em uma escola municipal de Volta Redonda (RJ). Para isso, foi construída uma estratégia didática que foi dividida em dois momentos, totalizando duas aulas de cinquenta minutos. O primeiro momento tem como principal objetivo incorporar aspectos da história da ciência, como fio condutor do ensino dos raios-x, ressaltando aspectos sociais e culturais que a inserção dessa descoberta resultou para a sociedade da época e também para a atual. No segundo momento foi trabalhado no laboratório de ciências, com o modelo anatômico do esqueleto, um “raio-x” com papel de seda preto e a câmera do celular dos alunos, e em seguida eles fizeram uma legenda para a foto, e divulgaram em suas redes sociais. Durante a estratégia com os discentes foram colhidas as ideias prévias que estes possuíam sobre o raios-x demonstrado o contexto e as pessoas envolvidas. O uso dessa proposta didática demonstrou ser favorável a um ambiente para proporcionar a criação de hipóteses e de questionamento por parte dos educandos, demonstrando ser possível a incorporação da História da Ciência no Ensino resultando em aulas de ciências com uma maior criticidade na escola pública.Palavras-chave: Raios-x. História da Ciência. Ensino de Ciências.AbstractThe main objective of this work is to incorporate the approach to the history of science in the teaching of X-rays in the 8th grade of elementary school in a municipal school in Volta Redonda (RJ). For this, a didactic strategy was built that was divided in two moments, totaling two classes of fifty minutes. The first moment has as main objective to incorporate aspects of the history of science as a conductor thread of the teaching of X-rays, highlighting social and cultural aspects that the insertion of this "discovery" resulted for the society of the time and also for today. In the second moment, a "x-ray" with black silk paper and the camera of the students' cell phones was worked on in the science laboratory, and then they made a subtitle for the photo, and disseminated it in their social networks. During the strategy with the students the previous ideas they had about the x-ray demonstrated the context and the people involved. The use of this didactic proposal proved to be favorable to an environment to provide the creation of hypotheses and questioning on the part of the students, demonstrating that it is possible to incorporate the History of Science in Education resulting in science classes with greater criticality in public school.Keywords: X-rays. History of Science. Teaching of Science.
Outdoor Education: Perspectives of Teachers and Students in the Context of School in Nature as an Innovative Approach in Education
Authors: Cenić Dragan S. , Milosavljević Đukić Tatjana , Stojadinović Aleksandar M. , Spasić Stošić Ana D.
Published: December 2023

This research analyzed the opinions of primary school teachers and students regarding the benefits of outdoor education, using the example of School in Nature, for the organization of educational activities within the instruction process. It explored educational, social, recreational, and ecological aspects, as well as the existing differences in their opinions. The research was conducted on a sample of elementary school teachers and fourth-grade students in the Bor District in the Republic of Serbia. The research involved 223 participants (elementary school teachers N=73, and fourth-grade students N=150). A questionnaire was designed for the purposes of this research to assess the opinions of teachers and students towards the learning environment and the effectiveness of implementing outdoor education in the context of School in Nature. The research results indicate a compliance between teachers’ opinions about the significance of outdoor education, especially through School in Nature, and its benefits to the educational aspect of the teaching process. Students displayed positive attitudes related to social interaction in learning, emphasizing the development of positive social relationships and skills. Differences in opinions between teachers and students regarding the learning environment and the effectiveness of outdoor education in meeting learning objectives represent a significant starting point for better understanding the quality of the teaching process.
Enhancing Legally-Based E-Government Services in Education Through Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Spalević Žaklina , Kaljević Jelena , Vučetić Slaviša , Milić Petar
Published: December 2023

Through the utilization of artificial intelligence (AI), governments can automate the analysis of publicly available government datasets. This process aids in the recognition of patterns and the development of a more profound comprehension of various socio-economic factors and empowers governments to base their policy decisions on data, effectively tackling societal issues, and optimizing the allocation of resources. In this paper we present AI’s application in the realm of e-government, with particular emphasis on its potential influence on the advancement of this field through e-government services and their significance for a range of stakeholders. Moreover, we have conducted comprehensive review of existing literature on the subject and the identification of avenues for enhancement along with consideration of legislation as a potent instrument to guide the progression of AI within the sphere of e-government, thereby amplifying its transformative effect. We emphasize the importance of education in area of AI in order to ensure it’s high quality implementation in this and other areas.
PELATIHAN PENGGUNAAN APLIKASI GEOGEBRA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAGI GURU
Authors: Nurdin Erdawati , Muhandaz Ramon , Fitraini Depi , Nufus Hayatun , Fitri Irma
Published: December 2023

This community service is carried out in the form of training. This training aims to improve teacher competence in using the Geogebra application for mathematics learning. This training used a participatory action research approach. the training was conducted online and attended by 19 mathematics teachers in Pekanbaru. during the training participants showed a positive response and enthusiasm for developing interesting learning media using Geogebra software
Pendampingan Digital Marketing bagi Pengrajin Batik Minang Putiandam
Authors: Irianto Agus , Efi Agusti , Friyatmi Friyatmi , Putra Gilang Oritaliano , Febrina Suci
Published: December 2023

Batik Minang memiliki banyak potensi untuk menjadi produk yang lebih baik di wilayah Sumatera Barat. Namun, Batik Putiandam masih menghadapi sejumlah tantangan terkait pemasaran produk agar dikenal masyarakat luas. Pelatihan pemasaran digital bagi perajin batik adalah salah satu opsi yang ditawarkan untuk mengurangi masalah yang terjadi. Kelompok perajin batik Putiandam berpartisipasi dalam Pengembangan Produk Unggulan Daerah ini melalui kegiatan pelatihan dan praktik terbimbing. Para pengrajin dibekali teknik pembuatan kemasan produk, teknik foto produk fashion, dan pembuatan konten pemasaran digital. Pelaksanaan kegiatan pendampingan mencapai hasil sesuai dengan tujuan. Hasil dari kegiatan ini berupa packaging produk dan peningkatan skill mitra dalam promosi produk dalam bentuk pemasaran digital.
Implementasi Metode Role Playing dengan Media Kartu Bergambar untuk Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus Di Rusunawa Jatinegara Kaum
Authors: Tarjiah Indina , Supena Asep , Kurniawan Erfan , Putra Dava Permana , Prasetyo Bagus
Published: December 2023

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini merupakan lanjutan dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat sebelumnya yang telah dilakukan oleh Indina tarjiah, dkk pada tahun 2021 dan 2022. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat sebelumnya telah berhasis mengasesmen 14 anak lambat belajar pada aspek membaca dan menulis. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah mengimplementasikan panduan terkait peleksanaan pembelajaran Iqro dengan metode bermain peran dan menggunakan media kartu bergambar. Tujuan berikutnya adalah untuk mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar anak dan proses pembelajaran Iqro yang menarik, menyenangkan bagi anak lambat belajar. Metode pelaksanaan yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah wawancara, observasi, demontrasi, simulasi, diskusi dan pendampingan. Waktu pelaksanaan dilakukan selama enam hari pada tanggal 11 April, 02 Mei, 15 Mei, 16 Mei, 18 Mei, dan 25 Mei 2023. Hasil implementasi metode role playing dengan media kartu bergambar kepada 16 anak lambat belajar secara keseluruhan dapat mengatasi kesulitan yang dialami. 5 dari 16 anak sudah dapat mengatasi semua kesulitannya. 5 dari 16 anak sudah dapat mengatasi hampir semua kesulitannya.  4 dari 16 anak sudah dapat mengatasi setengah kesulitannya. Serta 2 dari 16 anak hanya beberapa saja yang dapat mengatasi kesulitannya.
Peningkatan Nilai Tambah Produk Gula Tebu dan Kemasannya Serta Strategi Pemasaran Untuk Meningkatkan Pendapatan Petani Gula Di Nagari Baringin Kabupaten Agam
Authors: Aimon Hasdi , Putra Hari Setia , Saputra Hendra Dani , Azhar Zul , Ar Nur Hasnah , Yeni Isra , Akbar Urmatul Uska , Artha Dwirani Puspa , Hendra Zul
Published: December 2023

Salah satu wilayah di Nagari Baringin Kabupaten Agam merupakan sentra budi daya tanaman tebu dan terdapatnya usaha rumah tangga yang mengelola tanaman tebu secara sederhana menjadi gula merah dalam bentuk gula merah batok yakni kelompok bungo tabu. Secara umum ditemukan permasalahan yakni kelompok bungo tabu belum memiliki peralatan dan mesin yang memadai dalam memproduksi gula tebu sehinga hasil produksi masih sedikit. Secara khusus permasalahan yang ditemukan yaitu: 1) nilai tambah yang dimiliki pada produk gula masih rendah, 2) belum adanya standar khusus pengemasan pada produk olahan dan 3) petani gula tebu tidak memiliki pengetahuan terkait pemasaran produk gula tebu. Permasalahan ini harus segera dicarikan solusinya agar kelompok bungo tabu memiliki pengetahuan dan keterampilan yang cukup sehingga bisa membantu perekonomian keluarga  dan terus berkembang guna memberikan manfaat kepada lingkungan dan perekonomian. Melalui kegiatan ini diharapkan 1) dapat membantu kelompok bungo tabu di Nagari Baringin dalam memproduksi gula tebu sehingga diharapkan akan meningkatkan penghasilan keluarga,  2) memiliki produk olahan gula tebu dan turunannya, 3) memiliki design dan kemasan yang sesuai standar penjualan serta 4) memiliki pengetahuan dan strategi pemasaran yang tepat untuk produk olahan gula tebu. Dalam kegiatan ini pendekatan yang dipakai adalah pendekatan social learning theory. Para peserta dalam program pelatihan diharapkan mampu mendapatkan dan mengaplikasikan kompetensi khusus yang didapat selama program pelatihan.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Kewirausahaan Ibu - Ibu PKK Mileneal Melalui Pelatihan Membuat Aneka Jajanan Sehat Kekinian Dalam Meningkatkan Pendapatana Rumah Tangga PKK Kelurahan Kubu Gadang
Authors: Ritonga Mentari , Ridhaningsih Fitria , Febriyanti Herlinda Fitri
Published: December 2023

Kehadiran kelompok Ibu PKK diharapkan menjadi salah satu wadah bagi masyarakat, terutama ibu-ibu untuk dapat memanfaatkan peluang usaha yang ada, agar dapat mandiri secara ekonomi. Kelompok Ibu PKK Kelurahan Kubu Gadang, menjadi satu satunya kelompok PKK yang ada di Kelurahan Kubu Gadang. Kegiatan yang sudah dijalankan oleh PKK ini pun beragam, namun masih terfokus pada kegiatan sosial seperti penyuluhan kesehatan terutama bagi perempuan, ibu dan anak, kegiatan gotong royong rutin guna terciptanya lingkungan yang bersih dan sehat, serta kegiatan bercocok tanam sederhana. Sementara untuk kegiatan terkait peningkatan kewirausahaan masih tergolong sangat kurang. Padahal peningkatan keterampilan kewirausahaan guna menciptakan masyarakat yang mandiri secara ekonomi merupakan salah satu tujuan dari PKK. Salah satu ide usaha yang dapat dikembangkan oleh PKK Kelurahan Kubu Gadang yaitu usaha aneka jajanan sehat kekinian. Meskipun banyak jenis makanan hasil industri atau pabrikan yang beredar di masyarakat, usaha makanan jajanan pasar masih menjadi pilihan sebagian besar masyarakat. Maka dari itu, dalam rangka peningkatan kemampuan kewirausahaan, ibu PKK Kelurahan Kubu Gadang sangat memerlukan pelatihan terkait pengetahuan dalam membuat aneka makanan jajanan sehat kekinian yang sesuai dengan permintaan pasar, cara menghitung modal atau harga pokok produk sehingga mampu memprediksi laba yang sebenarnya.
Strategi Pemasaran Produk Susu Sapi Perah Melalui Media Sosial Pasca Covid 19
Authors: Sentosa Sri Ulfa , Ariusni Ariusni - , Satrianto Alpon -
Published: December 2023

Tujuan dari kegiatan PKM adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan, keterampilan dan kemampuan mitra dalam hal strategi pemasaran   produk susu sapi perah melalui media sosial pasca Covid 19 di Kota Padang Panjang. Metode yang digunakan adalah pelatihan yang diikuti sebanyak 15 orang mitra. Hasil yang dicapai dalam kegiatan PKM  berupa: (1).Kehadiran peserta  mitra dalam kegiatan PKM sebesar 100%. (2).Peserta mitra mempunyai motivasi yang tinngi dalam mengikuti kegiatan  PKM  yang telihat dari semua peserta   hadir sesuai dengan waktu yang sudah dijadwalkan. (3).Nilai rata-rata pengetahuan peserta terhadap strategi pemasaran online untuk produk susu sapi segar dan olahan  sebesar 4,19 (kategori setuju)  dengan Total Capaian Responden (TCR) sebesar 83,75 berada dalam kategori baik.
Penguatan Kapasitas Pengelola Bank Sampah Kasaro Nagari Tanjung Balik dengan Pendekatan Berkearifan Lokal
Authors: Anhar Azwir , Putra Eka Vidya , Selaras Ganda Hijrah , Marten Threo Wanda , Sepriadi Ilham , Farikh Muhammad , Farma Siska Alicia
Published: December 2023

Masalah sampah dapat berimplikasi pada perubahan iklim, sehingga pengelolaan sampah yang baik dapat menjadi salah satu cara untuk mitigasi perubahan iklim. Selain itu, pengolahan dan daur ulang sampah yang baik membawa banyak manfaat, termasuk dari aspek ekonomi, khususnya melalui Bank Sampah. Bank Sampah Ka Saro saat ini memiliki 10 pengurus aktif dan 100 nasabah terdaftar. Namun jumlah nasabah aktif masih tergolong rendah (25%). Oleh karena itu, diperlukan upaya penguatan dan peningkatan kapasitas pengurus Bank Sampah Ka Saro dalam memberikan edukasi, dan mampu penyusunan program serta target jangka pendek, menengah, dan jangka panjang. Kegiatan dilaksanakan dengan metode pendampingan partisipatif. Program pengabdian berfokus pada penguatan kapasitas pengelola bank sampah dalam melaksanakan program edukasi bagi nasabahnya melalui training-of-the-trainers (ToT) bagi pengurus dan nasabah. Kedua peningkatan kerja sama mitra pengepul untuk menjual sampah yang dipilah, serta menjalin kemitraan dengan CSR perusahaan untuk mendukung pengembangan dan keberlanjutan Bank Sampah di masa depan. Berdasarkan evaluasi kegiatan yang dilakukan, diperoleh hasil peningkatan keterampilan pengurus dalam mengedukasi masyarakat, dan bertambahnya jumlah nasabah aktif menjadi 75%. Namun dari sisi lain, perlu diperhatikan peningkatan kesejahteraan pengurus bank sampah, kelayakan sarana dan prasarana sekretariat Bank Sampah, peningkatkan kepedulian akan sanitasi dan kebersihan pribadi pengurus Bank Sampah.
Dari Kumanis ke Kreativitas: “Diversifikasi Produk Ceta Bacorak Merambah Pasar dengan Sentuhan Inovatif"
Authors: Friyatmi Friyatmi , Evanita Susi , Pebriyeni Eliya , Febrina Suci
Published: December 2023

Ceta Bacorak salah satu produk unggulan dari Kabupaten Sijunjung yang memiliki potensi yang tinggi menjadi produk unggulan daerah, akan tetapi terdapat berbagai hambatan yang di alami oleh kelompok Kerajinan  Anak Nagari Ceta Bacorak Kumanis untuk mewujudkan hal tersebut baik itu dalam aspek produksi, pemasaran, maupun manajemen usaha. Salah satu solusi yang ditawarkan untuk mengurangi masalah atau hambatan yang dihadapi adalah dengan meningkatkan skill dalam membuat diversifikasi produk ceta bacorak melalui rangakaian pelaksanaan kegiatan dengan menerapkan metode FGD, pelatihan/workshop, latihan terbimbing, dan kegiatan praktek lansung mengerjakan setiap luaran yang ditargetkan (practice and action). Hasil pengabdian dianggap efektif karena mencapai tujuan kegiatan. Hasil pelatihan memberikan hasil yang nyata kepada mitra, dimana mitra telah mampu mengembangkan diversifikasi produk ceta bacorak.
Membangun Ketahanan Kesehatan Mental Remaja: Implementasi Pendampingan Literasi Kesehatan Mental Karang Taruna Desa Sumbersekar Kecamatan Dau, Kabupaten Malang
Authors: Apriani Rizka , Probowati Devy , Bariyyah Khairul , Qonita Fauziah Ilmi , Hidayatullah Hengki Tri
Published: December 2023

Tujuan pengabdian ini untuk meningkatkan  kepedulian pemuda karang taruna terhadap kondisi kesehatan mental pada masyarakat sekitar. Pengabdian dilaksanakan dalam 3 bentuk kegiatan yakni, penyuluhan materi kesehatan mental, pelatihan safety plan, dan juga pembentukan komunitas. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah teknik Ekspositori pada pemberian pemahaman awal yang mendasar, Brainstorming untuk memantik sikap dan kesadaran pemuda karang taruna dalam memotret isu gangguan mental, dan Case Study untuk mengupayakan langkah dan tindakan yang akan dilakukan oleh pemuda karang taruna dalam mengatasi permasalahan gangguan mental berdasarkan kondisi riil di lokasi pengabdian. Dari seluruh kegiatan pengabdian yang telah dilaksanakan, diketahui bahwa peserta memiliki tingkat literasi kesehatan mental yang cukup rendah sebelum mengikuti kegiatan pendampingan. Tingkat literasi kesehatan mental pada peserta kemudian meningkat setelah mengikuti serangkaian kegiatan pendampingan. Hal ini diketahui berdasarkan hasil pengisian instrumen pretest-posttest yang diberikan. Demikian juga saat pelaksanaan pengabdian, peserta sangat antusias dan mampu menyusun beberapa project safety plan bersama fasilitator. Tindak lanjut dari kegiatan penyuluhan dan pelatihan adalah pembentukan komunitas yang bertujuan sebagai wadah peningkatan kepedulian masyarakat terhadap kesehatan mental
What is a Style of Reasoning?
Authors: Sciortino Luca
Published: December 2023

In this paper I propose a solution to the crucial issue of the number of styles of reasoning. Ever since, in the 1980s, Ian Hacking outlined what he later called the ‘project of styles of scientific reasoning’, for short the ‘styles project’, he has never provided criteria for individuating styles of reasoning. Whether or not certain ways of thinking can be counted as styles of reasoning in the sense of Hacking is a question that has remained unanswered, despite its apparent relevance to various other controversial issues related to the styles project. I shall frame the issue within a view of categorization which begins with the later philosophy of Wittgenstein and culminates with the so-called theory of prototypes in psychological research. My conclusion will be that there is no clear boundary to the category of styles of reasoning and that degrees of category membership for a given way of thinking are determined by its degree of similarity to prototypes such as the statistical style of reasoning.
Incidencia del conflicto armado en la educación rural en Colombia
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma Latinoamericana, Galvis Céspedes Isabel
Published: December 2023

Colombia ha estado sumida en la violencia y en la guerra por más de cincuenta años, afectando de manera directa e indirecta a toda la población del territorio colombiano; sin embargo, la zona rural se constituye como una de las que ha tenido mayores implicaciones; allí el conflicto se fragua y se lleva a cabo a modo de enfrentamientos, desplazamientos, secuestro y muerte, teniendo por consecuencias realidades complejas cargadas de temor. La educación rural se inscribe en este contexto como un efecto colateral del conflicto, siendo afectada desde diversidad de factores: infraestructura deteriorada, reclutamiento forzado, preparación de docentes, asistencia de alumnos, entre muchos otros, haciendo de este modo que se transgreda el derecho fundamental de la educación y, sobre todo, de la vida. Este artículo presenta una revisión bibliográfica de lo anterior, a saber, la incidencia del conflicto armado en la educación rural en Colombia. Su objetivo principal radica en identificar la relación de las variables conflicto armado desde un enfoque sociopolítico y educación rural generando así un hilo de causalidad y comprensión entre ellas, analizando de manera cronológica acontecimientos que marcaron decisivamente el curso de la historia del país para posteriormente interpretarlos a la luz de la realidad de la escuela rural.