bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role of Clofazimine in Management of Reactions in Leprosy
Authors: Pai V V
Published: December 2024

Clofazimine is a synthetic dye that has been used in the treatment of leprosy since many years. Its role in the treatment of lepra reactions was subsequently recognized. When the dose of 300 mg/day is used, it doubles the serum concentration of the drug and supposedly exerts potent anti-neutrophilic effect and inhibits of prostaglandins. Our personal experience with high dosages of clofazimine in type II lepra reactions and review of the literature suggests that clofazimine has been extremely useful in providing good and satisfactory results in leprosy patients suffering from these embarrassing conditions. The anti-inflammatory effect of clofazimine is greatly useful in managing recurrent and chronic type II reactions with its steroid-sparing effect and providing an alternate and in expensive option.
Navigating the New Frontier: Exploring Emerging Trends and Strategies in Startup Innovation
Authors: Madanchian Mitra , Taherdoost Hamed
Published: December 2024

INTRODUCTION: The contemporary business world is witnessing a proliferation of startups, each striving to carve its niche amidst fierce competition and rapid technological advancements. In this landscape, the ability to innovate and adapt swiftly is paramount for startup survival and growth. This introductory section sets the stage by highlighting the importance of innovation in today's entrepreneurial endeavors.
OBJECTIVES: This paper aims to examine the current trends driving startup innovation and explore innovative tactics employed by startups.
METHODS: To fulfill the objectives of this study, a comprehensive research methodology was employed. Leveraging techniques derived from social network analysis, qualitative interviews, and extensive literature review, this research endeavors to provide a holistic understanding of the dynamics of startup innovation. By employing a multidisciplinary approach, this study aims to capture the nuanced interplay of factors influencing innovation in the startup ecosystem.
RESULTS: Key findings include the prominence of sustainability, remote work integration, and the pivotal role of AI and machine learning in startup strategies.
CONCLUSION: This paper concludes by consolidating insights and offering guidance for navigating the dynamic terrain of startup innovation.
Causative Agents of Fungal Keratitis in Northeastern Iran: A 3-Year Tertiary Care Hospital Study
Authors: Moghadam Shaghayegh , Zarrinfar Hossein , Naseri Ali , Sadeghi Javad , Najafzadeh Mohammad Javad , Zhou Ya Bin , Houbraken Jos
Published: December 2024

Infectious keratitis is a significant ocular disease that, if left untreated, can lead to blindness. Fungi are among the causative agents that can result in severe symptoms. Keratitis infections are prevalent globally, with a higher incidence reported in tropical and subtropical regions. The current research focused on the molecular diagnosis of fungal keratitis and its prevalence over a 3-year period in northeastern Iran. The study involved the collection of 38 corneal scraping specimens from the Eye Specialized Hospital of Khatam in Mashhad, northeastern Iran. These specimens were cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar, and the isolates were identified using DNA-based techniques. Among the patients studied (n = 38), 22 (58%) cases were caused by Aspergillus species (A. flavus, n = 17, A. fumigatus, n = 3; A. terreus, n = 1; A. tubingensis, n = 1), seven (18%) by Neocosmospora species (N. falciformis, n = 4; N. solani, n = 3), three (7%) by Candida albicans, two (5%) by Fusarium annulatum, and one case each (2%) by Penicillium chrysogenum, Cladosporium cladosporioides, and Cytospora sp. In addition, one case had a combined infection of A. flavus and P. glabrum. The results indicate a higher incidence of fungal keratitis in males, particularly in the age range of 40–60 years. Aspergillus sp., and specifically A. flavus, had the highest prevalence. Cladosporium cladosporioides is reported for the first time in this area as causal agent of keratitis. Additionally, this is the first report of keratitis likely caused by Cytospora species.
Performance of the Bioline™ Malaria Ag Pf/Pan and Bioline™ Malaria Ag Pf/Pv for Malaria Diagnostics: Madagascar In-Country Evaluation
Authors: Rakotoarisoa Malalanandrianina A. , Rakotomanga Tovo A. , Fenomanana Jocia , Musango Laurent , Raobela Oméga , Salava Julien , Andrianarivelo Andry M. , Kialozafy Maximilienne , Andrianaivoniaina Fanambinantsoa C. , Rasolozakandrainibe Fanirisoa , Mandrosovololona Vatsiharizandry , Rakotondrandriana Antsa , Razanatsila Armel , Rabarisoa Hajalalaina , Menard Didier , Rakotosaona Rianasoambolanoro , Ratsimbasoa Arsène
Published: December 2024

Malaria remains a significant public health concern in Madagascar. The WHO recommends using parasitological methods to confirm Plasmodium infection before treatment. This study evaluated the performance of two rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), Bioline™ Malaria Ag Pf/Pan (Abbott Point of Care, Princeton, NJ) and Bioline™ Malaria Ag Pf/Pv (Abbott Point of Care, Princeton, NJ), compared with microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as reference methods. A prospective, diagnostic performance study was conducted in two malaria-endemic districts with different epidemiological contexts: Ifanadiana (Plasmodium falciparum [P. falciparum] transmission) and Mandoto (Plasmodium vivax transmission). Symptomatic patients and asymptomatic individuals aged 3–81 years were enrolled between April and July 2023. Finger prick blood samples were used for RDTs, Giemsa-stained blood films, and molecular analysis. Among 675 participants (401 symptomatic, 274 asymptomatic), the performance for detecting P. falciparum and non-falciparum/vivax malaria in symptomatic patients for Bioline™ Malaria Ag Pf/Pan was 96.5% (95% CI: 93.4–98.4%) and 91.5% (95% CI: 82.5–96.8%) sensitivity and 76.0% (95% CI: 64.7–85.1%) specificity, and the performance for Bioline™ Malaria Ag Pf/Pv was 95.0% and 91.5% sensitivity and 76.0% specificity. In asymptomatic individuals, the performance was 90.3% (95% CI: 83.4–95.0%) and 33.3% (95% CI: 4.3–77.7%) sensitivity and 85.4% (95% CI: 78.9–90.6%) specificity for Bioline™ Malaria Ag Pf/Pan and 80.6% (95% CI: 80.1–93.1%) and 0% (95% CI: 0–84.2%) sensitivity and 86.0% (95% CI: 79.7–91.0%) and 86.1% (95% CI: 79.7–91.0%) specificity for Bioline™ Malaria Ag Pf/Pv. Rapid diagnostic test performance varies with local epidemiology in symptomatic patients. The results emphasize the need for careful consideration of RDT use based on local epidemiology and clinical context. Both RDTs could be used when microscopy and PCR are unavailable.
Antropografia. Zarys metodologiczny
Authors: Darmach Krystian
Published: December 2024

In the presented text, the author discusses a modest proposal of practicing the humanities that was developed by him. Anthropo-graphy, as the name suggests, is a combination of the two terms of anthropology and ethnography. It is also their specific synthesis and reduction. The very name suggests the meaning – it reveals author’s idea as well as his research and writing attitude. Anthropos – anthropology “unburdened” from logos (in the sense of law) as a nomothetic science that seeks universal and objective laws governing the reality under study. The author wanted to redirect this way of thinking and go beyond this way of understanding anthropology. Secondly, ethnography without the ethno prefix, which also suggests a specific tradition of thinking, which the author also wanted to give up while remaining with the term graphia, graphos referring to description and writing. Because anthropography is all about recording, describing human (cultural) reality and for documentation, registration of activities, manifestations, experiences, relationships that define contemporary people. Combining these two research attitudes, directions of thinking and observing the city in research, the author developed his own methodological proposal, the model of anthropography. A model based on several postulates. A model that is constantly evolving, open, emerging and summarizing what the author thinks is necessary, which should be taken into account when conducting research activities. Anthropography is an idiosyncratic description, documentation of methods, not only of practicing scientific creativity, but more importantly, a record of ways of cultivating existence, tracing its course revealed in human activities, cultivating culture (referring to the etymology of this concept), which enables a person to act in the world, functioning in relation to oneself, to another person and to the broadly understood community; collective.
Quartum datur? O suwerenizmie i konstytucyjnym obowiązku wykonania wyroków sądów międzynarodowych
Authors: Małaszkiewicz Michał
Published: December 2024

W historycznym wyroku z 11 maja 2005 r. w sprawie traktatu akcesyjnego polski Trybunał Konstytucyjny sformułował znany passus dotyczący trzech możliwych rozwiązań sytuacji nieusuwalnej sprzeczności prawa Unii Europejskiej i postanowień Konstytucji Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej. Te trzy wyjścia dostępne dla polskiego ustawodawcy to decyzja o zmianie Konstytucji, spowodowanie zmian traktatów, albo – ostatecznie – decyzja o wystąpieniu z Unii Europejskiej. Nieco ponad 15 lat później, w czasie rozprawy w budynku TK, popierając wniosek o stwierdzenie niezgodności z konstytucją postanowień TUE, przedstawiciel ministra spraw zagranicznych powiedział: „Trzy scenariusze, rysowane w orzecznictwie Trybunału Konstytucyjnego, nie są scenariuszami wyłącznymi”. „Czwarte wyjście” oznaczałoby w tym ujęciu niewykonywanie wyroku sądu międzynarodowego i „kontynuowanie dialogu”. Czy tak rozumiane czwarte wyjście może być zaakceptowane?
Transformacja cyfrowa i tworzenie innowacyjnej gospodarki Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Britchenko Igor
Published: December 2024

W artykule uznano transformacje cyfrową za kluczowy czynnik rozwoju gospodarczego, szczególnie w kontekście Unii Europejskiej, która dziś stoi przed złożonymi wyzwaniami geopolitycznymi i gospodarczymi. Celem badania jest zbadanie kluczowych kierunków i narzędzi transformacji cyfrowej w Unii Europejskiej oraz ich wpływu na kształtowanie strategii cyfryzacji mających na celu zapewnienie konkurencyjności i stabilności gospodarek krajów Unii Europejskiej w kontekście globalnym. Uwzględniono specyfikę procesów kształtowania innowacyjnej gospodarki w Unii Europejskiej w procesie cyfrowej transformacji systemu gospodarczego oraz tendencje kryzysowe powstające pod wpływem czynników zewnętrznych. Badane są strategie i inicjatywy, które Unia Europejska podejmuje, aby zapewnić promocje rozwoju cyfrowego i tworzenie sprzyjającego środowiska do wprowadzania innowacji. Pod uwagę brane są czynniki charakteryzujące proces transformacji cyfrowej, takie jak infrastruktura cyfrowa, rozwój technologii cyfrowych, stymulowanie rozwoju kompetencji cyfrowych oraz wsparcie cyfrowych startupów. Określono specyfikę kształtowania źródeł finansowania transformacji cyfrowej systemu gospodarczego Unii Europejskiej oraz inicjatyw regulacyjnych mających na celu stymulowanie innowacyjnej przedsiębiorczości i rozwoju technologii cyfrowych w warunkach współczesnych wyzwań kryzysowych. Udowodniono, ze konsekwencja takiego podejścia jest ukształtowanie konkurencyjnej i zrównoważonej gospodarki Unii Europejskiej, która spełnia współczesne wymagania i zapewnia zrównoważony wzrost gospodarczy w warunkach niepewności i zmian. Uwzględniany jest także wpływ transformacji cyfrowej na warunki rynkowe i ekosystem biznesowy Unii Europejskiej, w tym aspekty otoczenia biznesowego, tworzenie miejsc pracy i wspieranie innowacyjnych pomysłów. Zbadano szanse i wyzwania towarzyszące procesowi transformacji cyfrowej w warunkach kryzysów gospodarczych, w szczególności w kontekście zmian w krajobrazie społeczno-gospodarczym. Określono strategiczne kierunki transformacji cyfrowej mające na celu zapewnienie stabilności i rozwoju gospodarki europejskiej w warunkach nieprzewidywalności i niestabilności.
Blood on the Plaza
Authors: Ana Canales-Molina
Published: December 2024

Exploration of the pivotal events surrounding the Tlatelolco Massacre of October 2, 1968, and its profound impact on Mexican society, politics, and international relations. The research delved into the complex dynamics leading up to and following the tragic event, examining the role of student activists, and the actions of the Mexican government under President Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, and the broader implications for issues of social justice and governmental control of social classes, not only in Mexico but globally.
Understanding Indigenous Land Rights and Dispossession
Authors: Chavez Samantha
Published: December 2024

The paper titled "Understanding Indigenous Land Rights and Dispossession: The Legacy of the Doctrine of Discovery" explores the historical and contemporary impacts of the Doctrine of Discovery on Indigenous land rights. Rooted in medieval European thought and later adopted by the United States, the Doctrine of Discovery provided legal justification for the acquisition of Indigenous lands and the displacement of Indigenous peoples. The paper discusses the legal frameworks, such as Johnson v. McIntosh, that institutionalized the doctrine, diminishing Indigenous sovereignty and property rights. It highlights the ongoing ramifications of the doctrine, with Indigenous communities facing continued legal and social challenges. The analysis of scholarly interpretations reveals a consistent theme of Indigenous dispossession and marginalization due to the doctrine, despite some historians arguing its effects are overstated. The essay traces the evolution of these scholarly views and examines the enduring influence of the Doctrine of Discovery on Indigenous land rights and sovereignty.
THE DYNAMICS OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE LAW ENFORCEMENT RELATED TO THE ELIMINATION OF THE INVESTIGATION STAGE IN THE DRAFT CRIMINAL PROCEDURE CODE
Authors: Rochmadi Rochmadi , Nurdin Boy
Published: December 2024

This study examines the impact of the elimination of the investigation stage in the Draft Criminal Procedure Code (RUU KUHAP) on the dynamics of criminal law enforcement in Indonesia. The study utilizes various data sources, including legislative texts, government regulations, judicial decisions, and academic literature related to the topic, in order to understand the legal foundation governing the issue. The author analyzed the data through a qualitative approach, employing comparative legal analysis to evaluate the implications of various legal provisions, exploring their effectiveness and relevance in law enforcement practice. Furthermore, the author engaged in thematic analysis to explore the broader impacts of these reforms on legal practice and the enforcement of the criminal law, assessing the effectiveness and relevant of the existing legal framework in light of the proposed reforms. The results demonstrate that the abolition of the investigator position in the draft criminal procedure code has significant implications for the criminal procedural law system in Indonesia, paving the way for further discussions on improving criminal procedure and enhancing the effectiveness of law enforcement. This research could contribute to refining the legal framework and operational practices in Indonesia to ensure a balance between effective crime control and the protection of civil liberties.
Analisis Marketing Mix 7P terhadap Minat Kunjungan Ulang Pasien di Klinik Khasanah Medika dan Baitul Syifa Tahun 2024
Authors: Reza Prianugraha Aditya , Rahim Agus Hadian , Sukajie Bambang
Published: December 2024

Number of repeat visits from old patients in 2023 at the Baitul Syifa Clinic is 74%, while at the Khasanah Medika Clinic ber of patient visits has an impact on low clinic income, so that Marketing Mix 7P can be used as an appropriate marketing strategy to increase patient interest in repeat visits. The purpose of this research analyze influence Marketing Mix 7P on interest in re-visiting patients at the Baitul Syifa Clinic and Khasanah Medika Clinic and analyzing the variabels that have the most dominant influence on interest in re-visiting patients. This type of research is quantitative research by design cross sectional. Sampling technique with Purposive sampling. The subjects of this research were outpatients at the Baitul Syifa Clinic and Khasanah Medika Clinic. The number of samples in this study was 100 patients from each clinic. The research instrument uses a questionnaire with statistical tests chi square. The research results stated that Marketing Mix 7P has a significant effect on interest in repeat visits by Baitul Syifa clinic patients, including variabels Product with a value of 81% (p=0,000), Price with a value of  79% (p=0,000), Promotion with a value of  78% (p=0,000), Place with a value of 80% (p=0,000), People (p=0,000), Process with a value of 80% (p=0,000), and Physical Evidence with a value of  78% (p=0.000), whereas Marketing Mix at the Khasanah Medika clinic which consists of Product with a value of 80% (p=0,000), Price with a value of 80% (p=0,000), and Place with a value of 78% (p=0.000) has a significant effect on patient interest in repeat visits, other variabels, namely Promotion with a value of 43% (p=0,909), People with a value of 67% (p=0,970), Process with a value of 68% (p=0,268), and Physical Evidence with a value of 48% (p=0.983).
Analisis Peluang dan Tantangan Menggunakan Aplikasi Gojek atau Grabfood Bagi Pengembangan UMKM di Kota Palangkaraya
Authors: Sari Mutia Angelina , Takari Dedi
Published: December 2024

This study aims to analyze the opportunities and challenges faced by Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in utilizing the Gojek and Grabfood applications in Jekan Raya District, Palangka Raya City. The method used is a mixed approach with surveys and in-depth interviews with MSME owners. The results show that this application provides significant opportunities, such as wider market access and reduced marketing costs. However, challenges in the form of fierce competition, high commission costs, and technological limitations are also faced by MSME actors. This study recommends technology training and community collaboration as strategic steps to maximize the potential of MSMEs.
Descontos Condicionados e Incondicionados na Tributação do Consumo
Authors: Mendes Moreira André , Antunes Pedro Henrique Neves
Published: December 2024

O artigo busca definir o conceito de desconto “condicionado”, que atrai a incidência do ICMS e demais tributos sobre o consumo. Para tanto, são inicialmente expostos os dois sentidos do termo: o ordinário e o técnico. Demonstra-se, então, que a equivocidade decorrente da ambiguidade é a principal causa das controvérsias tributárias sobre a temática. Como solução, aponta-se como imperativa a adoção do conceito jurídico de condição – deixando de lado sua acepção ordinária, que consideraria “condicionado” todo e qualquer desconto concedido. Ao lado das explicações teóricas, são ofertados exemplos para ilustrar os argumentos.
Reforma Tributária sobre o Consumo e a Inexistência de Ruptura Paradigmática
Authors: Leão Martha
Published: December 2024

O trabalho tem como objetivo examinar os efeitos produzidos pela Reforma Tributária sobre o Consumo (EC n. 132/2023) sobre o Sistema Constitucional Tributário. São duas as perguntas a serem endereçadas: a primeira, saber se a inclusão dos novos princípios e de novas competências imporia uma mudança na interpretação das limitações constitucionais ao poder de tributar (art. 150 da Constituição), afastando-se de um sistema formal de previsibilidade, para estabelecer, a partir de então, um sistema mais fluido em nome da ponderação de princípios; e a segunda, responder se a inclusão das novas competências, mais amplas em suas respectivas materialidades, também imporia uma nova interpretação relativamente às regras de competência, afastando-se de um sistema de rigidez conceitual por um sistema mais flexível de outorga de competências. Responder a essas questões é fundamental para entender a abrangência das mudanças introduzidas no Sistema Constitucional Tributário a partir da EC n. 132/2023 e o papel exercido pelas normas constitucionais que não sofreram alterações.
Production of Functional Fermented Sausage from Goat Meat with the Addition of Lactulose, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Bifidobacterium animalis
Authors: Çalışkan Zühal , Dinçoğlu Ahmet Hulusi , Şen Erdi , Yurdakul Ozen , Keyvan Erhan , Kahraman Hatice Ahu
Published: December 2024

The main goal of this study is to create safe and functional fermented sausages (Turkish dry-fermented sausage) from goat meat by combining probiotics and lactulose (1%) with traditional starter cultures. Group A was created with sausage dough to which only starter culture and spice mixture were added. Bifidobacterium animalis and Lactobacillus acidophilus cultures were added to group B, and 1% lactulose was added to group C, in addition to the control group's combination. By adding Bifidobacterium animalis and Lactobacillus acidophilus cultures, as well as lactulose, to group D, four distinct sausage samples were formed. Lactic acid bacteria levels increased throughout ripening, ranging from 5.27 to 6.98, and remained steady during storage, from 4.96 to 5.84. During ripening, the quantity of B. animalis increased, especially in groups B and D, which included lactulose. Water activity decreased during ripening and further decreased during storage. The latest water activity values fell below 0.79. pH values also decreased during ripening and storage. The final pH values were measured between 5.31 and 5.42. When the physico-chemical properties such as pH, dry matter, and water activity of the sausage samples were evaluated throughout the shelf life, although significant differences were observed in these parameters between the groups, they could not be associated with probiotic and prebiotic contributions. On the last day of storage, the samples with the addition of probiotic cultures and lactulose showed the lowest hardness values. In sensory analyses, it was observed that the groups containing lactulose received the highest scores and were generally accepted. The data obtained showed that adding probiotics and prebiotics to sausage caused positive changes in the quality of the product.
A Traditional Fermented Product ‘Kishk’
Authors: Khedr Sara , Güran Hüsnü Şahan
Published: December 2024

The preservation of food through fermentation dates back to ancient times. With the understanding of its positive effects on health, fermented foods have become commonly consumed today. Kishk, a traditional fermented product among fermented foods, is widely produced in different countries, especially in the Eastern Mediterranean, North Africa, and the Middle East. It is similar to tarhana and is made by fermenting and drying a mixture of milk or fermented milk products (yogurt, buttermilk, churned buttermilk "Shanina," or Labneh), along with bulgur or other cereals and salt. The production of kishk can vary from country to country and even within different regions of the same country. This variation makes it difficult to standardize kishk production worldwide. This study aims to provide general information about kishk, which is relatively unknown in Turkey but broadly produced and consumed with love worldwide, especially in Arab countries.
A Study about the Relationship between Environmental Awareness and the Level of Awareness of Green Marketing Activities
Authors: Karaköse Arzu , Dal Nil Esra
Published: December 2024

The aim of the study is to determine whether the environmentalism, economics, consciousness, responsibility, sensitivity and media dimensions, which are effective on environmental awareness and environmentally friendly product awareness, differ with green product purchasing behavior according to the demographic characteristics of green consumers and to determine the relationship and effects between them. The quantitative method was adopted in the study and the data were collected by convenience sampling method. The sample size of the study, which collected data with an online questionnaire, consists of 404 participants. In the study; frequency analysis, descriptive statistics, validity, reliability and normality test, independent sample t test, anova analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis were conducted. Within the scope of the study, the level of environmental awareness and awareness of environmentally friendly products and marketing activities of the participants differ according to age and educational status. According to the environmental awareness and environmentally friendly product awareness of the participants, their satisfaction with the product they purchased differs. Participants' awareness of green marketing activities shows a significant difference according to their satisfaction with the purchased product. There is a positive relationship between environmental awareness and awareness of environmentally friendly products and awareness of green marketing activities. Environmental awareness and environmentally friendly product awareness affect the level of awareness of green marketing activities. It has been determined that individuals with environmental awareness have green product purchasing behavior and most of them have environmental awareness. In addition, the majority of the participants were found to be sensitive about environmental pollution.
Meningkatkan Manajemen SDM sebagai Faktor Keunggulan Kompetitif dalam Pariwisata dan Industri Perhotelan
Authors: Manurung Gerhard Grandnaldy , Darmilisani  , Melody Try Yana  , Sherly Anesha  , Khalida Zia Zuriana
Published: December 2024

Industri pariwisata dan perhotelan sangat bergantung pada sumber daya, khususnya sumber daya manusia. Beberapa penelitian telah menunjukkan bahwa daya saing dan keberlangsungan bisnis di pasar dipengaruhi langsung oleh kualitas sumber daya manusia di industri ini.Penelitian ini secara khusus menganalisis karateristik sumber daya manusia yang berbeda dalam inhdustri perhotelan dan pariwisata berfokud pada kualitas pekerjaan yang ditawarkan. Banyak peneliti menemukan berbagai masalah yang dihadapi pekerja pariwisata, seperti upah yang rendah dan jam kerja yang lama, beban kerja yang tinggi, serta sifat proyek yang seringkali bersifat sementara atau paruh waktu akibat ﬂuktuasi musiman. Kondisi ini membuat perusahaan-perusahaan di sektor pariwisata dan perhotelan kesulitan dalam mencari dan mempertahankan tenaga kerja yang berkualitas, yang pada akhirnya berdampak pada daya saing mereka di pasar. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk memberikan perhatian lebih pada pengelolaan kualitas sumber daya manusia di industri ini.
GENOTYPE-ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION ON THE SEED QUALITY OF MAIZE HYBRID PROGENITORS (Zea mays L.)
Authors: Hernández-Caldera Rocío Edelmira , Gámez-Vázquez Alfredo Josué , García-de los Santos Gabino , Zepeda-Bautista Rosalba , Arellano-Vázquez José Luis , Avila-Perches Miguel Angel
Published: December 2024

The environmental conditions at the multiplication site have an impact on seed quality. Parents capable of counteracting changes in production environments are required to maintain and conserve the excellent attributes of maize (Zea mays L.) seed. This study sought to determine the effects of genotype and environment on the physical and physiological traits of single crosses and inbred lines, which are the progenitors of trilineal maize hybrids adapted to the High Valleys of Mexico. During the spring-summer 2014 and 2015 cycles, nine inbred lines, three single crosses, and three hybrids were evaluated in Coatlinchán, Celaya, and San Luis de la Paz, Mexico, in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The hectoliter and thousand-seeds weight, commercial seed percentage, standard germination, and after-cold test were evaluated. A pooled analysis of variance and multiple comparison of means with Tukey (p ≤ 0.05) were performed. The site regression model (SREG) was used to account for the genotype-environment interaction. The best environments for physical quality were San Luis de la Paz 2014; for a thousand-seeds weight (295.3 g), Coatlinchán 2015; for hectoliter weight (74.7 kg hL-1), Coatlinchán 2014; and for commercial seed percentage (76 and 73.3 %), San Luis de la Paz 2014. With the exception of Celaya 2014, the environments were statistically equal for physiological quality in standard germination, and San Luis de la Paz 2015 (82 %) was the best environment for germination after cold exposure. Regarding the genotype-environment interaction, parents M-47xM-46 and M-55xM-54 performed best for physical quality and M-43xM-44 for physiological quality at San Luis de la Paz; thus, seed production from these parents is possible in this location.
Physico-Chemical and Microbiological Quality of the Surface Water of the Nostoc Commune of the Andean Communities of Huancavelica, Peru
Authors: Carhuapoma-Delacruz Victor , Jurado-Escobar Melanio , Vasquez-Paquiyauri Lisseth Alexandra , Huamán-Cusi Brian , Huamán-Jurado Rodrigo , Castrejón-Valdez Manuel
Published: December 2024

Objective: The purpose was to evaluate the physicochemical and microbiological quality of surface water from the Nostoc commune of Andean communities in Huancavelica-Peru, and to compare its variation in relation to its distribution and environmental conditions.
 
Theoretical Framework: Surface water quality depends on anthropogenic factors. The physico-chemical and microbiological surface water quality indicators of the Nostoc commune are important for environmental monitoring, biomass production and social economic livelihoods.
 
Method: Samples of surface water from streams and ponds were considered as biological material. The physicochemical and microbiological analyses were determined according to the protocol and recommendations established in the Standard Methods for the Examination of Wastewater of APHA (2012) and ECA (2017). 
 
Results and Discussion: The results revealed that the physicochemical and microbiological parameters of surface waters of streams and ponds inhabited by Nostoc commune meet the guidelines established by ECA and APHA, with variations to their geographical distribution and environmental conditions. Meteorologically, Nostoc commune is common at altitudes between 4240 and 5877 masl, with temperatures of 4-14°C and relative humidity of 20-60% varying between January and April.
 
Research Implications: The study shows the surface waters of the Nostoc commune to be unsuitable for agricultural and human use. It is crucial for public and environmental health as a balancer of surface water quality.
  
Originality: It offers unprecedented contributions to the literature on the quality of the surface water of the Nostoc commune habitat. The relevance and value of this algae as a viable source of water utilization for agricultural and public health purposes is evident.
Exploring Sports Films and SDG4 from a Cross-Cultural Perspective: A Comparative Study of Leap (2020) and Dangal (2016)
Authors: Tang Yangyang , Pek Lim Seong
Published: December 2024

Objective: The aim of this study is to explore the educational values in sports films Leap (2020) and Dangal (2016) and their contributions to audience identity formation, with a particular focus on promoting SDG 4.
 
Theoretical Framework: This research is grounded in cultural dimension theory and social identity theory, examining how educational narratives in these films contribute to equality in education, gender equality, and social inclusion, which are key aspects of SDG 4.
 
Method: A mixed-methods approach combining content analysis, sentiment analysis, and cross-cultural comparison was employed. Audience reviews from platforms such as Douban were analyzed to capture emotional responses and cultural identification with the educational themes in both films.
 
Results and Discussion: The discussion and findings indicate that Leap and Dangal highlight the intersection of cultural values and SDG4, illustrating how breaking gender biases and promoting equal opportunities contribute to social transformation across diverse cultural contexts, while resonating with global audiences through universally relatable narratives.
 
Research Implications: This study contributes to the understanding of how sports films can serve as educational tools in shaping audience perceptions about equality in education, gender equality, and social responsibility, aligning with SDG 4.
 
Originality/Value: This research provides a novel cross-cultural perspective on the educational impact of sports films from China and India, offering valuable insights for future research on the global role of cinema in promoting quality education and social change.
The Differential Privilege in the Arbitration Agreement Unilateral Arbitration Clause
Authors: Awad Hani Mounes , Elhadedy Asmaa Saad , Almalki Adnan Ayza , Almutairi Osama Abdullah , Al-Damour Renad Salem Saleh
Published: December 2024

Objective: Since the Contract is a binding code for contracting parties “pacta sunt servanda”, each party is bound by the obligations they have voluntarily undertaken through the contractual bond. As a result, parties may agree to settle any disputes that may arise between them through arbitration rather than resorting to the courts.
 
Theoretical Framework: Comparative jurisprudence and legal opinions have shown divided stances on this type of arbitration agreement, with some supporting and others opposing it. Using a comparative descriptive-analytical approach, this study examines this particular form of arbitration agreement.
 
Method: the methodology based of three approaches, The descriptive approach will be employed to present the issue of the unilateral arbitration clause. The analytical and comparative approach will be utilized to explore the stances of countries that are major global arbitration hubs.
 
Results and Discussion: The study discussed the possibility of accepting or rejecting the unilateral arbitration clause in Arab legislations, considering that they follow the UNCITRAL law, as it was applied to the UAE law due to the existence of judicial applications.
 
Research Implications: The Study reached several conclusions, including that British courts accept this type of agreement. However, despite rulings by both French and Emirati courts, their respective stances have not been entirely clarified.
 
Originality/Value: the arbitration agreement be drafted clearly to express the parties' intent to resort to arbitration, that standard arbitration clauses suggested by arbitration centers be utilized, or that an unrestricted arbitration clause be drafted to avoid any practical issues in its application which are effect deeply on sustainable development goals(SDGs).
Recurrent Diabetic Ketoacidosis in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors:   Department of Child Health, Sanjiwani Regional General Hospital, Gianyar, Bali, Indonesia, Ari Swandewi Gusti Ayu Sri , Windiyanto Romy ,   Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Udayana, Bali, Indonesia
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is one of the serious complications that is often found in pediatric cases of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). Diabetic ketoacidosis mostly occurs in patients with low glycemic control. Currently, many studies are assessing risk factors for recurrent ketoacidosis, including young age, male gender, patients with comorbidities (psychiatric diseases, alcohol or substance abuse, other chronic diseases), and patients with socioeconomic factors. The incidence of recurrent diabetic ketoacidosis in children and adolescents is becoming more frequent. Risk factors that often trigger the incidence of diabetic ketoacidosis are important to understand to reduce the incidence of recurrent DKA.

Case Presentation: This study reported a 17-year-old adolescent patient with a history of type 1 diabetes mellitus who had recurrent diabetic ketoacidosis. Patients come with complaints of nausea and vomiting, accompanied by a feeling of weakness. The results of the blood glucose test were 565 mg/dL. In urinalysis, a reduction of glucose was obtained (+3), and ketonuria with urinary ketones was obtained with a result of +3. A blood gas analysis showed a blood pH of 7,367 mmHg with HCO3 of 16.6 mmol/L and PCO2 of 28.6 mmHg. The initial management of the patient was given a loading of 0.9% NaCl fluid as much as 500 cc/hour for 2 hours, then 0.9% NaCl fluid as much as 500 cc mixed with KCL 10 meq at a rate of 75 ml/hour. The patient was also given an insulin drip to correct blood glucose levels in the form of 5 IU of insulin diluted with 0.9% NaCl, as much as 50 cc. During treatment, the patient's condition tends to stabilize, and the patient is discharged from the hospital by continuing with routine treatment with subcutaneous insulin.

Conclusion: Diabetic ketoacidosis is one of the complications with high morbidity and mortality, especially in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. There are several risk factors associated with recurrent DKA in patients. Known risk factors for DKA allow health workers to prevent the occurrence of a recurrence of DKA.
The Transition towards Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: A Systematic Review of Cases from Community Pharmacies
Authors:   PhD in Clinical Pharmacy (USM Malaysia), College of Pharmacy, Uruk University, Baghdad, Iraq., Ibrahim Inas Rifaat , Majeed Ibrahim Adham ,   Assistant professor in Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Uruk University, Baghdad, Iraq., Fareed Yahya Yahya Zaki ,   Professor in Clinical Biochemistry, Dean of College, College of Pharmacy, Uruk University, Baghdad, Iraq.
Published: December 2024

This review aims to assess the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in community pharmacy by analyzing the most recent studies and identifying trends, gaps, and future directions for integrating AI technologies in these settings. A systematic literature review was performed on the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, looking at papers from 2019 to 2024. The search was further refined using the terms "AI in pharmacy," "telepharmacy," or "clinical decision support systems." Fourteen studies were included in the review after applying specific inclusion and exclusion criteria for further analysis. AI technologies have potential effects on community pharmacy practice. The most beneficial impact was noted in medication management, where 15% of medication errors were reduced, and patient compliance improved by 10%. In telepharmacy, AI supports encouraging adherence and access to pharmacy services where geographical barriers exist. However, there are concerns such as lack of privacy for system users, implementation costs, and onboarding pharmacists to such systems. AI has significant supportive and transformative capabilities for community pharmacy, but crucial barriers must be overcome first. Addressing the barriers and their ethical aspects is critical for further research.
Percepción del alumnado universitario sobre la aplicación de una metodología cooperativa en la formación inicial del profesorado de Educación Física: un estudio cualitativo
Authors: Solera-Alfonso Adrián , Delfa-de-la-Morena José Manuel , Marconnot Romain , Mijarra-Murillo Juan-José , García-González Miriam , Romero-Parra Nuria , Bores-García Daniel
Published: December 2024

Introducción: el aprendizaje cooperativo (AC) es una metodología activa que pretende desarrollar la competencia de trabajo en equipo y favorecer la implicación del alumnado en su aprendizaje.
Objetivo: conocer la percepción del alumnado de implementar estrategias metodológicas que favorezcan el AC en la educación superior.
Metodología: se llevó a cabo un Proyecto de Innovación Educativa con alumnos de asignaturas de Educación Física de los grados de Educación Primaria y Educación Infantil de la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos. El diseño de la investigación fue cualitativo, realizándose entrevistas semiestructuradas y grupos de discusión cuyas transcripciones fueron analizadas mediante el software MAXQDA.
Resultados y discusión: entre las dificultades percibidas en los equipos de trabajo destacan los problemas con la gestión de los tiempos, con la toma de decisiones consensuadas y el diferente nivel de implicación entre sus integrantes. Entre los facilitadores percibidos destacan la posibilidad de aprendizaje entre iguales y la posibilidad de especialización.
Conclusiones: a pesar de las dificultades percibidas, trabajar cooperativamente parece favorecer el desarrollo de competencias sociales en los futuros docentes.
PURPOSIVE SAMPLING: A REVIEW AND GUIDELINES FOR QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
Authors: Memon Mumtaz Ali , Thurasamy Ramayah , Ting Hiram , Cheah Jun-Hwa
Published: December 2024

Purposive sampling has been extensively utilized across research disciplines, particularly in business and management studies. While existing literature has primarily focused on its application in qualitative research, the rationale for using it in quantitative contexts remains underexplored, leaving researchers with limited practical guidance. Moreover, much of the available literature is found within academic texts, specifically books, which may not always provide sufficiently actionable guidance on successfully implementing and reporting purposive sampling in quantitative research. This editorial addresses these gaps by presenting structured guidelines specifically tailored for applying purposive sampling in quantitative research. It provides practical recommendations for systematically implementing and transparently reporting purposive sampling. The editorial discusses different types of purposive sampling, including criterion sampling, maximum variation sampling, and theoretical sampling, and illustrates their applications in quantitative contexts. It also discusses how purposive sampling can be combined with other techniques, such as snowball sampling and quota sampling, to enhance data quality and relevance. Detailed step-by-step guidelines are presented for employing purposive sampling and reporting its use in quantitative studies in a robust manner. Additionally, we put forward a salient checklist for authors and reviewers to ensure rigor, transparency, and consistency in reporting. This work contributes to the growing discourse about sampling by presenting one of the first comprehensive frameworks for employing purposive sampling in quantitative research. By guiding researchers to adopt purposive sampling with greater rigor and transparency, we hope it will be useful to establish the representativeness of data and provide more credible estimations to explain or predict the phenomena under investigations.
ANALISIS PENYEDIAAN SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA YANG OPTIMAL TERHADAP WAKTU PENYELESAIAN PROYEK PADA PROYEK KONSTRUKSI
Authors: Praganingrum Tjokorda Istri , Pradnyadari Ni Luh Made Ayu Mirayani , Wangsa Anak Agung Ratu Ritaka , Renita Ni Made Indah Wiwin
Published: December 2024

Proyek konstruksi dapat berjalan dengan baik apabila dalam pelaksanaanya telah dilakukan perencanan, penjadwalan serta pengendalian yang baik. Pada kenyatannya di lapangan sering sekali mengalami banyak masalah berkaitan dengan pengalokasian sumber daya manusia sehingga menyebabkan permasalahan dalam penjadwalan konstruksi dan proyek akhirnya mengalami keterlambatan. Agar tidak terjadinya keterlambatan pada waktu penyelesaian proyek, maka penelitian ini dilakukan agar mengetahui penyediaan sumber daya manusia yang optimal menggunakan metode Triall and Error dengan dibantu aplikasi Microsoft Project 2007 dalam pengolahan data. Data yang diolah adalah data yang telah dianalisis sebelumnya. Penulis melakukan pengolahan data terhadap data perencanaan proyek yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan Microsoft Project. Proses analisis ini melibatkan penggunaan hasil analisis data yang telah diperoleh sebelumnya, yang selanjutnya dilakukan analisis terhadap penyediaan sumber daya manusia (Resource Sheet) sehingga mendapatkan hasil yang optimal. Penyediaan sumber daya yang optimal sebanyak 25 orang, mandor sebanyak 15 orang, dan tukang sebanyak 13 orang.
REKONSTRUKSI PASCA BENCANA DENGAN METODE POKMAS
Authors: Putra I Ketut Anzas Dwi Anggara , Ismail Dr. Razi , Prihandono Dion Eko
Published: December 2024

Indonesia berada di jalur cincin api yang menyebabkan intensitas gempa bumi yang tinggi, menjadikannya sebagai salah satu negara dengan risiko bencana yang signifikan. Salah satu peristiwa bencana besar adalah gempa yang melanda Kabupaten Lombok Utara pada 5 Agustus 2018, dengan magnitudo 7 pada skala Richter. Bencana ini menyebabkan 483 orang meninggal, 783 orang terluka parah, 570 orang mengalami luka ringan, dan kerusakan pada 23.098 unit rumah. Pemerintah Indonesia membentuk Kelompok Masyarakat (POKMAS) sebagai mekanisme pendistribusian dana dan percepatan rekonstruksi. Selain itu, BNPB juga menyiapkan fasilitator sebagai pengawas dalam pelaksanaan rekonstruksi di Lombok. Namun, penting untuk dicatat bahwa tidak semua anggota POKMAS atau fasilitator memiliki kompetensi di bidang konstruksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas metode rekonstruksi pascabencana menggunakan studi kasus gempa Lombok Utara pada tahun 2018. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif dengan studi kasus, dan data dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan wawancara dengan pihak-pihak terkait rekonstruksi kualitas perumahan pascabencana. Data kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis konten. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode rekonstruksi berbasis Kelompok Masyarakat (POKMAS) efektif dalam mempercepat pembangunan dan meningkatkan perputaran ekonomi di masyarakat setempat.
AI-Driven Healthcare Chatbots: Enhancing Access to Medical Information and Lowering Healthcare Costs
Authors:   Concepts IT Inc, USA, Kumar Manoj
Published: December 2024

The AI-driven healthcare chatbots and virtual assistants represent a revolution in patient interaction with their readily available, efficient, and costeffective medical support. Such technologies employ advanced natural language processing along with machine learning for the timely delivery of medical
information, symptom checking, triaging, and appointment scheduling. The respective advice and guidance given by the chatbots reduce superfluous
doctor visits, increase patient involvement, and manage the overall healthcare process much more smoothly. This has provided the health system with
ample opportunity to focus its resources on critical cases since this would give more time to consultations that require urgent attention. This article
discusses the potential of AI-driven healthcare chatbots to transform access to medical information, improve patient satisfaction, and reduce healthcare
expenditure while discussing challenges related to data privacy and diagnostic accuracy
Framework of Hub and Spoke Data Governance Model for Cloud Computing
Authors:   USA, Kiran Koppichetti Ravi
Published: December 2024

As data increasingly becomes a strategic asset, organizations encounter challenges managing and governing data effectively, especially in cloud environments.
Large organizations with multiple business units worldwide often have a predominantly decentralized structure and a variety of data sources. This paper
provides a framework for designing a practical data governance model for globally distributed organizations that use the hub-and-spoke model to run
their business and operations strategically. Manufacturing, retail, logistics, and healthcare organizations are some of the few industries that gain great value
with this framework. The framework addresses the growing need to manage distributed data silos while balancing centralized control with local flexibility.
The paper identifies five critical decision domains central to governance success and introduces the concepts of dataset rating and scope, which are vital for
designing a robust data catalog. As organizations are rapidly expanding worldwide and adapting different cloud technologies and creating data silos, this
framework provides a scalable solution for organizations to achieve governance objectives.