bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH RETURN ON ASSETS (ROA) DAN CAPITAL ADEQUACY RATIO (CAR) TERHADAP HARGA SAHAM PADA BANK UMUM SWASTA NASIONAL DEVISA YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA (BEI) PERIODE 2014-2018
Authors: Rahayu Ayu , Rahmi Palupi Permata
Published: May 2021

Harga saham merupakan salah satu indikator keberhasilan pengelolaan
perusahaan dimana kekuatan pasar di dalam pasar bursa ditunjukan dengan
adanya transaksi jual beli saham di pasar modal. Sehingga prestasi yang
didapatkan perusahaan dilihat dari perkembangan jual beli yang dibentuk di
dalam laporan keuangan. Pada Bank Umum Swasta Nasional Devisa yang
terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) Periode 2014-2018 harga saham
mengalami fluktuatif. Dimana pada setiap bank di beberapa tahunnya ada yang
mengalami kenaikan dan ada juga yang mengalami penurunan. Selama Periode
pengamatan data laporan keuangan perusahaan yang telah di audit. Metode
penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan
deskriptif dan verifikatif. Jenis data sekunder dan teknik pengumpulan data
melalui dokumentasi. Populasi di dalam penelitian ini adalah Bank Umum
Swasta Nasional Devisa yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI), sepanjang
tahun 2019 ada 23 bank dan sampel penelitian, yaitu 4 bank dengan
menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis
deskriptif, uji asumsi klasik, uji regresi linear berganda, dan uji hipotesis baik
secara parsial dan simultan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa (1) Harga
saham (Y) cenderung menurun dengan rata-rata (mean) sebesar 606,10 persen, (2)
Return On Asset (ROA) (X1) cenderung meningkat dengan rata-rata (mean)
sebesar 1,4790 persen, (3) Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) (X2) cenderung meningkat
dengan rata-rata (mean) 18,3950 persen, (4) Secara parsial, Return On Asset (ROA)
Determinants of Students Satisfaction in Private Universities: A Case of Pakistan
Authors: Ammara Awais  , Ramiz Ur Rehman  , Muhammad Ishfaq  , Muhammad Akram Naseem
Published: May 2021

Currently, Pakistan is facing serious challenges. Education is one of these. Education plays significant role in the development of any country. Pakistan's economic survey (2016-2017) reveals that its literacy rate has decreased from 60% to 58% which is alarming. No doubt this situation has prevailed due to insufficient educational institutions but the students' dissatisfaction in the existing educational institutions is also the reason for this downfall. This study addressed this issue by utilizing primary data collected from five private sector universities in particular. The results showed that higher education not only focusses on the academic aspect (measured through sixteen items) for the students but on the social aspect (measured through seventeen items) also as the later contributes towards the student satisfaction levels.
Impact of Brainstorming Strategy in Dealing With Knowledge Retention Skill: An Insight Into Special Learners' Needs In Saudi Arabia
Authors: Mona Saleh Alanazi
Published: May 2021

The present study aimed to identify the effect of the brainstorming strategy in the treatment of some memory disorders among special learners in Saudi Arabia. The researcher followed a semi-experimental approach to achieve the goals of research. The sample consisted of primary school students who had been identified as having learning difficulties. The control group was taught in a traditional way. Both validity and reliability of the tools were checked by the researcher. The results revealed significant differences between pre and post measurements of the performance of the group which had been exposed to brainstorming strategy. The results also showed significant differences between the mean scores obtained by students of both control and experimental groups.
Exploration of the Development of Children's Empathy
Authors: Shih-Tseng Tina Huang  , Vinh-Long Tran-Chi
Published: May 2021

Empathy is an important social skill. It is believed to play an essential role in socioemotional and moral development. The current study aimed to explore empathy development during childhood especially among students in the primary and middle schools located in Southern Vietnam. Bryant's Empathy Index for children and adolescents was administrated on 403 children, including 210 boys and 193 girls. The results showed that there was no significant difference between boys and girls in affective empathy. The results further indicated that there is a significant grade difference on affective empathy with the fourth-grade students being placed higher than those of the second and the sixth grades. A separate analysis was conducted for each of the dependent variables. It was found that the fourth graders were significantly higher than the second and the sixth graders on Understanding Feelings, Feelings of Sadness and Bryant's Empathy Index respectively. The result also showed that the Vietnamese version of Bryant's Empathy Index has acceptable reliability and can be used for future research.
Relevance of Soft Skills in Career Success
Authors: Mitashree Tripathy
Published: May 2021

In this fast transforming business economy caused by globalization, it has become incredibly important that employees keep on upgrading their hard skills and polish their soft skills if they aspire for a career that not only pays them well but also promises better opportunities in career development. Though the importance of soft skills is recognised in everyday life, in maintaining interpersonal relationships, in buildings strategies for success, its implications are mainly found in organisations and workplaces. Soft skills, however, play a significant role in building a career. Today to succeed and survive in the competitive workplace employees are expected to change their attitude, attention, and commitment to work. Besides, they are also expected to develop other abilities like effective communication skills, teamwork, leadership qualities, stress management, emotional intelligence etc. Competition is progressively increasing across workplaces worldwide. The need to be fit, flexible and existing is highly intrinsic. Soft skills thus help deal with challenges as they offer essential factors to influence the success of the employees and the organisations. This paper focuses on discussing the relevance of soft skills in career success, job satisfaction, creating a better work atmosphere and bringing about productivity at the workplace.
Progress of IBSA Countries Towards Universal Primary Education: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Sarabjit Kaur
Published: May 2021

Free and compulsory primary education remains a priority area in the international policy perspective, starting from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948 to the formulation of Sustainable Development Goals in 2015. Under the impact of globalization, an impressive expansion in the access to primary education has been observed in recent decades and the global trends in enrolment rates across the developing world have attested this fact. However, many developing countries, such as India, Brazil and South Africa (IBSA), are still struggling with the goal of quality primary education for all. The IBSA countries are emerging economies and very proactive in addressing past inequalities prevalent in their countries. With the cooperation of international organizations, national policy planning and other initiatives, these countries have performed quite well in the educational attainment. But even today, these countries have not achieved the goal of quality primary education for all. This paper reviews the attainment of free and compulsory primary education in these countries, along with the challenges faced in the achievement of universal primary education. These challenges may hinder the progress of these countries towards the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal.
Investigating the Relationships Among Students' Chemistry Motivations, Achievement Goal Orientation, Classroom Engagement, Gender, Class and Positive Teacher Behaviours Through Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Fatma Alkan
Published: May 2021

The study aimed to investigate how high school students' achievement goal orientation, positive teacher behaviour, classroom engagement, gender and class perceptions are related to chemistry motivation. The research was designed using relational survey model. The sample consisted of 688 high school students. Chemistry motivation questionnaire, achievement goal orientations scale, positive teacher behaviours scale and classroom engagement inventory were used as data collection tools. The correlations between the variables were examined using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results showed that there were positive and significant correlations between chemistry motivation and achievement goal orientations, achievement goal orientations and positive teacher behaviours, classroom engagement and positive teacher behaviours. Negative and significant correlations were also found to exist between achievement goal orientation and classroom engagement, positive teacher behaviours and chemistry motivation. Achievement goal orientations and positive teacher behaviours were also found to be significantly related to class engagement.
Fashion as an Aesthetic Form of Life
Authors: Abate Elena
Published: May 2021

Fashion is an aesthetic practice that concerns the ordinary sphere of our life: it is associated with everydayness and it is a source of endless aesthetic experiences. The purpose of this paper is to validate a new perspective on fashion based on Wittgenstein’s later aesthetic conception. In Philosophical Perspectives on Fashion (2017), Matteucci introduces the idea of combining the Wittgensteinian concept of “form of life” with fashion. In accordance with this thesis, the paper aims at showing how fashion is constituted as a “form of life”. Specifically, I shall argue that fashion is an “aesthetics form of life” which structurally employs a language of an aesthetic type ––one with a specific grammar (or set of rules) of its own. I claim that there is in fashion a contact point between the grammar of language and socially encoded aesthetic responses: fashion follows slavishly its own grammar, through its cyclical seasonality, while at the same time tending to creatively reinvent itself. Thus, anyone who daily commits to the practices of fashion acquires sensitivity to its rules, contributing to a social dialectic of identification/diversification typically belonging to fashion itself. Finally, on the basis of the claim that fashion is a “form of life”, and indeed since fashion is primarily an aesthetic practice, I claim that Wittgenstein’s aesthetic notions can coherently be related to fashion as well: concepts such as ‘aesthetic reaction’, ‘gesture’, and ‘correctness’ will be shown to be crucial to an analysis of the aesthetic phenomenon of fashion.
Synthesis, Characterization and Photo Degradation Studies of New Mixed Ligand Transition Metal Complexes of Mefenamic Acid and Glutamine
Authors: Abdullahe Zeyad Safauldeen , Abbas Bayader F. , ahmed Athraa Salman , Mohammed Lubna F. , Shaaban Hanan Kd. , Khamis Wessal M.
Published: May 2021

Dentate ligands 2-[(2,3-dimethylphenyl)amino]benzoic acid (Mefenamic acid ) and 2,5-diamino-5-oxopentanoic acid(glutamine) were used as bidentate Lewis base to prepare solid complexes with Molybdenum (V), Tungsten (V)) and Lanthanum(III). The Photo degradation study was achieved for the complexes solutions in methanol. The prepared complexes were characterized by using spectroscopy methods like FTIR, UV-visible, Melting points and flame atomic absorption spectroscopy were calculated for all complexes. Furthermore the molar conductance of 0.001 M solutions in acetonitrile and magnetic susceptibility were performed to elucidate the proposed geometry and structures of prepared complexes. Magnetic susceptibility displayed that complexes had not diamagnetic properties. Photo kinetic study was done for La and Mo Complexes to study the photo sensitivity of prepared complexes. Half time of the complexes` photo reaction were achieved and order of reactions were calculated which appear that photo reaction of LaIII complex was from the first order and constant of reaction was calculated (1.62x10-2) min-1 and half time of reaction was (62.112) min. Also, order reaction of Mo (III) complex was from first order too, the value of constant of reaction was (1.88 min-1) and half time of reaction was (26.6) min. TGA analysis of MoIII was done.
CONSERVATIVE TREATMENT OF A TOOTH WITH INCOMPLETE ROOT DEVELOPMENT AND A LARGE PERIAPICAL LESION - A CASE REPORT
Authors:   Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria., Hristov Krasimir , Gateva Nataliya ,   Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Published: May 2021

Background: Regenerative endodontic procedures have become increasingly popular in recent years. This paper reports the use of regenerative endodontics in the treatment of a large cyst-like inflammatory periapical lesion in an immature permanent tooth. Case report: A 12-year-old boy with a submucosal abscess in the upper jaw visited the Department of Pediatric Dentistry. Previous injury in the area was reported. The X-ray showed a well-defined large osteolytic lesion engaging the apical part of the root. The initial treatment plan included creation of MTA plug and apical surgery. Throughout the treatment course, the patient skipped his appointments and returned 8 months later. The initial working length couldn't be reached, and a hard barrier was present in the middle portion of the root canal. The CBCT showed that the size of the lesion had decreased significantly. Bone-like tissue with a density similar to surrounding spongiosis was observed in the root canal. There was no change in the contour and length of the root walls. Conclusion: Regenerative endodontics could be successfully used in the treatment of some immature permanent with necrotic pulp and large periapical lesions.
Peristiwa Ketidakpastian Pada Pelaksanaan Tol Layang A.P.Pettarani Seksi III Kota Makassar
Authors: Tambunan Rebecca S , Sopacua Helen A.I. , Latupeirissa Josefine E
Published: May 2021

Jalan Tol Layang A. P. Pettarani merupakan proyek kontruksi yang memakan waktu cukup lama dan kompleks sehingga dapat menimbulkan ketidakpastian yang akhirnya akan memunculkan berbagai macam risiko. Dampak risiko tersebut dapat mempengaruhi  produktivitas,  kinerja/performance,  kualitas  dan  anggaran  biaya  proyek.  Kesuksesan proyek konstruksi sangat tergantung dari kemampuan manager proyek dalam mengelola risiko yang terjadi. Manajemen risiko meliputi langkah- langkah yang terkait usaha pelaksanaan perencanaan manajemen risiko, identifikasi, tanggapan, dan monitoring serta pengawasan pada suatu proyek. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi, menganalisis, serta mengetahui respon risiko-risiko yang dominan terjadi, dengan menggunakan metode pengumpulan data primer berupa kuisioner dengan menggunakan skala likert, matriks Probability x Impact, Risk Map dan wawancara, dimana pada penelitian ini didapatkan sebelas variabel risiko yang dominan terhadap proyek ini.
Evaluation and Insilico Analysis of Genes Involved in Hypothyroidism
Authors: Masood Ammara , Mubeen Hira , Iqbal Nadia
Published: May 2021

To evaluate the expression of genes that involved in hypothyroidism by multiple alignment of nucleotide sequences of genes study the functional unit of genes that involve in production of thyroid hormones. The thyroid gland is part of endocrine gland and regulates much vital body function (breathing, heart rate, body weight, body temperature also involve in development, growth, protein production and  it also control the central and peripheral nervous system, muscle strength and menstrual cycle). Hypothyroidism is a condition in which thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormone. To find the genetics information than by using bioinformatics tools several genes that were involved in hypothyroidism were identified but six genes TSHR, TPO, THRB, TG, IYD, DUOX2 and their motifs were studied in detail to understand the basic domains involved in this disease.
Synergistic Effect of the Combination of Commercial Essential Oils with Standard Antibiotics: In vitro Evaluation
Authors: Mehboob Aneela , Abbas Tanveer
Published: May 2021

The aim of this investigation was to determine the antibacterial activity of essential oils and  to assess the outcomes produced by the combinations of antibiotics and essential oils. To execute this research, gold standard and conventional methods were used. Antibacterial potency of five essential oils namely Citrus limon, Elettaria cardamomum, Lavandula angustifolia, Nigella sativa and Prunus dulcis were tested against Escherichia coli, Serratia fonticola, Serratia liquefaciens, Citrobacter freundii and Staphylococcus aureus recouped from street foods of Karachi. Among five of them, Citrus limon and Lavandula angustifolia were the most potent essential oils showing highest antibacterial activity in their undiluted form with the exception of Staphylococcus aureus but their mix at different concentrations successfully inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Serratia fonticola. Synergistic outcomes were achieved against all the tested bacterial strains from the mix of essential oils and antibiotics, however antagonistic results were also obtained. This exploration underpins the application of essential oils alone and in combinations with antimicrobial agents to improve the affectability of ineffective drugs and aides in the advancement of new antimicrobial drugs to treat bacterial infections utilizing therapeutic plants.
Synthesis and Characterization of Homo and Mixed Ligand Complexes of Fe(III) with Hydroxypyridinone and Hydroxypyranone Type Ligands
Authors: Zahid Kanwal , Nisar Shazia , Imad Saima , Perveen Shazia , Ghaffar Shazia , Fatima Nasreen
Published: May 2021

Hydroxypyridinone and hydroxypyranone are known to be used for the treatment of iron overload by chelation therapy for a long time. Both the ligands have their own side effects when used as medicines. In the present study homo and mixed ligand complexes of both the ligands with iron were prepared and characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometry, Potentiometric study, IR spectroscopy, SEM/EDX and XRD. Overlay spectra obtained from UV-visible spectroscopy of our studied system show the formation of different types of species and confirm that mixed ligand complex is different from the other two systems. Potentiometric titration curves of homo and mixed ligand complexes show the formation of different types of species at different pH and confirm the formation of mixed ligand complex. The comparative results of SEM images of these systems show different surface topologies and hence conform to the formation of mixed ligand complex.
Quality of Antenatal, Labour and Delivery Services in Selected Districts in Malawi, Zambia and Zimbabwe: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Haruzivishe Clara Opha
Published: May 2021

Background: High Maternal and Neonatal Mortality Ratios persist in Sub-Saharan Africa despite increasing perinatal care coverage. This suggests that coverage alone is not adequate to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Quality of care should be the emphasis of maternal and child care services. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional multicentre study was conducted in selected health facilities in Zambia, Malawi and Zimbabwe using purposive sampling. A World Health Organization-WHO 2016 Quality of Maternal and New-born assessment Framework and the WHO (2015) Service Availability and Readiness Assessment tool were used for data collection. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Scientist (SPSS) version 24.0. Results: Less than 43% of the health facilities satisfied at least three of the five Performance Standards of availability and adequacy of Antenatal infrastructure and supplies. Regarding Antenatal processes/care, an observation was the most common performance standard satisfied by 70.6% of all health facilities assessed while less than 30% fulfilled all other standards. Only 57.1% of the health facilities satisfied 5 of the 11 standards for labour and delivery infrastructure, while only 55.6% of the Health facilities satisfied only two of the 13 standards of Labour and delivery care. Conclusion: To achieve a significant and sustainable reduction in maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, there is a need for investment and improvement in maternity care services infrastructure and processes as opposed to focusing on mere attendance of Antenatal, and deliveries by trained birth attendants.
PLANT LEAF IMAGE RECOGNITION SYSTEM
Authors: Kulkarni Gaurav , Kumbhar Chandrashekhar
Published: May 2021

Plants play a vital role in our day-to-day life. Hence, a good understanding of plants is needed to help in identifying new or rare plant species. Such identification will in turn improve the drug industry, balance the ecosystem as well as the agricultural productivity and sustainability. We often come across various plants with different variety of leaves and flowers every single day. We try to recognize it, but we fail. So we need some system which can tell us about the leaf/flower instantly. So, to solve such problems, we introduce a plant recognition system (PRS) which tells you the details about a leaf by just uploading the image of the leaf. For this system, we use image processing and some identification techniques which can recognize the leaf by its structure, colour, shape etc and fetch the details about it and provide the details of it to the user. This paper gives a understanding about the different methods used under image processing and various methods and algorithm used to identify that leaf in a short and simple way. Object recognition and detection are techniques with similar end results and implementation approaches. Therefore, it requires heavy pre-processing and implements various processes to obtain the end results.
GOMUTRA: A PANACEA FOR ALL DISEASES
Authors:   Deputy Director, Chinmaya Degree College, Haridwar,  Corresponding Author: drsandhyavaid@gmail.com, Vaid Dr. Sandhya
Published: May 2021

Cow is cited as Aditi (Mother of all Gods) in Ancient Hindi texts. In Artharaveda, Cow is said as adobe of 33Cr Hindu deities. Cow Urine (CU); the liquid metabolic excretion of Cow, is treated as sacred and pious in India. CU has diversified uses. It is used in raw and refined forms. Research reveals that CU distillate (CUD) is even more effective in therapeutic applications. CUD; Gomutra Ark or Kamdhenu Ark, was used since ancient times in Indian, Chinese and Egyptian civilizations. CU is also used in Myanmaar, Nepal, Nigeria and Zimbabwe as curator [1,2]. Variants of CU are also sold in departmental stores in America, Britain, Canada, Germany and India. Several Cow Urine Concoctions (CUC) serve as curative agents against deadly ailments. Being easily available, having long shelf life and economically cheaper; Gomutra variants are now becoming alternative medicines against innumerable diseases [3-6]. Biochemical composition of CU makes it perfect supplement against various disorders. CU of milking Cow contains 95% Water, 2.5% Urea and 2.5% Enzymes, Hormones, Minerals and Salts. pH of fresh CU ranges from 7.27 to 8.74. CU from a healthy Cow is pale yellow colored. Traces of Gold are found in CU of Gir Cows. Gold ions are generated when blood vessels of Cow hump comes in contact with sunrays. On an average about 18 Lit/Day of CU can be collected from an Indian Cow. Branded CUD can be easily obtained @ of Rs 250/500 ml in India. Advances on Gomutra are so prominent that America granted US Patent No: 6410059 and No: 6896907 for the medicinal ability of CU, especially as Anticancer, Antifungal, Antibiotic and Bioenhancer agent [16]. Present text is an overview of applications of Gomutra, particularly therapeutic applications.
Naxalism collapse in Bihar
Authors:   Faculty of Social Sciences,V.K.S. University, Ara-Bihar, thakur Pappu , singh Dr. Narad
Published: May 2021

नक्सलीय समस्या हमारे देश के लिए बड़ा आंतरिक खतरा बन गया है। खासकर 2007 में प्रधानमंत्री मनमोहन सिंह की टिप्पणियों के बाद, यह एक चिंता का विषय बन गया है और साथ ही अकादमिक बहस का विषय भी है। इस मुद्दे को बड़े पैमाने पर और गहनता से संबोधित करने के लिए नवीन विचार और नए सिरे से योजना बनाई गई है। इस पृष्ठभूमि में, मध्य बिहार का एक मामला अध्ययन इस मुद्दे पर प्रकाश को केंद्रित करने के लिए प्रासंगिक हो जाता है। यह एक स्थापित तथ्य है कि बिहार में नक्सलवाद ने मध्य बिहार के माध्यम से अपना रास्ता बनाया था। जब काउंटरिंसर्जेंसी तंत्र ने पश्चिम बंगाल और आंध्र प्रदेश में नक्सलवाद के पहले बुलबुले को कुचल दिया, तो उसे मध्य बिहार में अपना प्रजनन क्षेत्र मिला। मध्य बिहार में बार-बार नरसंहार और नक्सल आतंक देश के लिए 1980 और 1990 के दशक में चिंता का विषय बन गया। यह तर्क देता है कि बदलती सामाजिक-आर्थिक परिस्थितियों के साथ-साथ अन्य कारकों ने मध्य बिहार में माओवादी लोकप्रियता और ताकत को व्यापक रूप से प्रतिबंधित कर दिया।
Religious analysis of art of Nepal and Tibet in the current global scenario
Authors:   Painting department,  Va. J. Sh. Gaya Prasad P.G. College, Sumerpur, Unnao, U.P. India  saurbhasaxena3@gmail.com, Saxena Dr. Saurabh
Published: May 2021

प्रस्तुत शोध-पत्र नेपाल एवं तिब्बत के प्राचीन कला का पुरातात्विक विश्लेषण प्रस्तुत करता है। धार्मिक आधार पर नेपाल एवं तिब्बत में व्याप्त प्राचीन पाल शैली के मुर्तियों चित्रों एवं पोथियों का धार्मिक विश्लेषण प्रस्तुत करता है। तथा नेपाल एवं तिब्बत की कला-संस्कृति का तुलनात्मक अध्ययन प्रस्तुत करता है। ​
The Nexus Between Security Sector Governance/Reform and Sustainable Development Goal-16: An Examination of Conceptual Linkages and Policy Recommendations
Authors: Dursun-Özkanca Oya
Published: May 2021

This Security Sector Reform (SSR) Paper offers a universal and analytical perspective on the linkages between Security Sector Governance (SSG)/SSR (SSG/R) and Sustainable Development Goal-16 (SDG-16), focusing on conflict and post-conflict settings as well as transitional and consolidated democracies. Against the background of development and security literatures traditionally maintaining separate and compartmentalized presence in both academic and policymaking circles, it maintains that the contemporary security- and development-related challenges are inextricably linked, requiring effective measures with an accurate understanding of the nature of these challenges. In that sense, SDG-16 is surely a good step in the right direction. After comparing and contrasting SSG/R and SDG-16, this SSR Paper argues that human security lies at the heart of the nexus between the 2030 Agenda of the United Nations (UN) and SSG/R. To do so, it first provides a brief overview of the scholarly and policymaking literature on the development-security nexus to set the background for the adoption of The Agenda 2030. Next, it reviews the literature on SSG/R and SDGs, and how each concept evolved over time. It then identifies the puzzle this study seeks to address by comparing and contrasting SSG/R with SDG-16. After making a case that human security lies at the heart of the nexus between the UN’s 2030 Agenda and SSG/R, this book analyses the strengths and weaknesses of human security as a bridge between SSG/R and SDG-16 and makes policy recommendations on how SSG/R, bolstered by human security, may help achieve better results on the SDG-16 targets. It specifically emphasizes the importance of transparency, oversight, and accountability on the one hand, and participative approach and local ownership on the other. It concludes by arguing that a simultaneous emphasis on security and development is sorely needed for addressing the issues under the purview of SDG-16.
Energy efficiency in maize crops in different regions of Brazil
Authors:   Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Guareschi Roni Fernandes , Silva Elderson Pereira da ,   Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Urquiaga Segundo ,   Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Alves Bruno José Rodrigues ,   Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Boddey Robert Michael ,   Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Sarkis Leonardo Fernandes ,   Universidade Federal de Lavras, Jantalia Claudia Pozzi ,   Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária
Published: May 2021

Assessment of energy efficiency (EE) enables the evaluation of the sustainability of agrosystems, as well as decision-making regarding reduction in production costs and environmental pollution and even to increase production in a sustainable way. In this context, the objective of this study was to assess energy efficiency in maize in different regions of Brazil. For this purpose, 32 areas of maize crop distributed across the major producing states and regions were assessed. Energy inputs and outputs of agricultural operations and/or agricultural inputs were calculated by multiplying the amount used by their calorific value or energy coefficient at each stage of production. Energy efficiency was calculated as the ratio between the total output energy and the total input energy during the production process. For every megajoule (MJ) of energy consumed in the production of second-crop maize and first-crop maize seasons, 9.9 and 8.7 MJ respectively of renewable energy were produced in the form of grain. In both maize cropping seasons, most of the energy use was attributed to fertilizers, herbicides and fuel. To be representative the evaluation of energy efficiency of the maize crop should be performed in different Brazilian cultivation regions, as it will represent different edaphoclimatic and management conditions spread over the national territory within an agricultural year.
Functional potential and food safety of fresh-cut ‘Paluma’ guava under edible coatings
Authors:   Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Melo Fernanda dos Santos Nunes de , Silva Silvanda de Melo ,   Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Sousa Alex Sandro Bezerra de ,   Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Rodrigues Antônio Augusto Marques ,   Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Melo Raylson de Sá ,   Universidade Federal do Ceará, Lima Renato Pereira ,   Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Silva Mariany Cruz Alves da ,   Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Santos Eduardo Felipe da Silva ,   Universidade Federal da Paraíba
Published: May 2021

Guava is a fruit rich in antioxidants and its value can be enhanced by fresh-cut processing, which increases convenience for consumption. The objective of this study was to evaluate the changes in bioactive compounds, total antioxidant activity (TAA) and microbial quality in slices of fresh-cut (FC) ‘Paluma’ guava coated with chitosan at 2% (Q), calcium chloride at 1% (CC), calcium chloride at 1% + sodium alginate at 1% (CC + A), calcium chloride at 1% + chitosan at 2% (CC + Q), and control (T - without coating). Coated slices were packed in trays, wrapped with PVC film and kept at 3 ± 1 °C and 75 ± 4% RH for 12 days and evaluated for ascorbic acid, lycopene, β-carotene, total extractable polyphenols (TEP), and TAA by ABTS+- and DPPH . Ascorbic acid content of slices did not differ by coatings, but TEP was higher in slices coated with Q. The TAA by DPPH was higher in slices coated with Q, however, by ABTS+- it was higher in those coated with Q, CC and CC + Q. No thermotolerant coliforms or Salmonella were detected in FC guava from any treatment. However, slices coated with Q showed the lowest counts of total coliforms and molds and yeasts. Therefore, the application of Q coating provided microbiological safety to FC guava, still maintaining the levels of bioactive compounds and TAA superior to the control slices, which can characterize this as a healthy FC product, with superior functional potential.
Evaluation of the effects of emotional intelligence status on the communication skills of the faculty of medicine students
Authors: KURNAZ AY Merve , SULAIMAN Tasnim Musa , GARABLI Nefise , ACAR Yusuf , UZUNOGLU Ihsan , AKKUS Mehmet , TOPUZOGLU Ahmet
Published: May 2021

Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the emotional intelligence levels of the faculty of medicine students and to determine the
effects of emotional intelligence levels on communication skills, and the effect of sociodemographic factors on emotional intelligence
and communication skills.
Materials and Methods: The faculty of medicine students constituted the sample of this descriptive study. The research was completed
with a total of 225 students selected by the haphazard sampling method from each year of a six – year medical school. The data were
collected using a questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic characteristics, the Emotional Intelligence Assessment Scale (EIAS),
and the Communication Skills Evaluation Scale (CSES).
Results: In our study, 44.4% (n = 100) of the participants were male , 55.6% (n = 125) were female. Approximately, 46.7% (n = 105)
had low, 44.4% (100) had normal and 8.9% (n = 20) had high emotional intelligence. The communication skills mean score was found
to be statistically significantly higher in female than in male. There was a moderate level of a positive correlation between emotional
intelligence and communication skills.
Conclusion: In conclusion, participants with a high level of emotional intelligence have better communication skills. In training
programs, more emphasis can be given to emotion management, emotional intelligence, and communication skills.
Ultrasound guided steroid injection of subacromial bursa: morphologic and clinical effects on patients with supraspinatus tendon calcifications
Authors: ANDAC BALTACIOGLU Nurten , SANAL TOPRAK Canan , SOYDEMIR Efe , DOKUR Mehmet Mithat
Published: May 2021

Objective: Subacromial injection (SAI), due to its ease of application and increased patient tolerability, is one of the preferred invasive
therapies. In this study, we aimed to evaluate effectiveness of ultrasound-guided SAI in patients with supraspinatus calcific tendinitis
by assessment of roentgenograms and clinical appraisal.
Patients and Methods: Thirty-five patients with supraspinatus tendon calcifications as revealed by the roentgenography underwent
ultrasound-guided SAI. Pre-treatment the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaire (QuickDASH) scores and
Gartner’s Classification of calcific tendinitis were obtained. Clinical follow-up was scheduled at 1st, 3rd and 6th months posttreatment
along with a single roentgenogram planned at 6th month.
Results: A total of 53 SAIs were performed on 36 shoulders, 21 female and 14 male patients. Mean size of calcifications were 12.3
and 7.1 mm, pre-treatment and at 6th month, respectively. Pre and post-injection calcification mean sizes in the group with clinical
improvement were 13.6 and 5.7 mm; whereas, in group without diminished symptoms, they were 11.8 and 9.4 mm demonstrating a
statistically significant intergroup difference (p<0.05). Pre-injection QuickDASH mean score was 52.2; this showed improvement at
1st, 3rd and 6th months post-treatment; 20.7, 22.2 and 19.5, respectively.
Conclusion: Subacromial injection is a well-tolerated, easily applicable, safe and effective treatment for pain alleviation in supraspinatus
calcific tendinitis.
Clinicopathological features of trichoblastomas and malignant variant: trichoblastic carcinoma
Authors: CAVUS OZKAN Melekber , CINEL Zeliha Leyla
Published: May 2021

Objective: Trichoblastomas are rare benign tumors of the skin appendages with epithelial and mesenchymal components that exhibit
differentiation to the follicular germinative epithelium and particularly to the follicular stroma of the skin. Our aim was to contribute
to already limited literature data in order to gain more insights into the treatment and follow-up of patients with this condition.
Methods and Materials: A total of 9 patients with trichoblastoma and 1 patient with malignant trichoblastoma were surgically treated
between 2016 and 2020 at the Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, School of Medicine, Marmara University.
Results: Of the 10 patients with trichoblastoma, 5 were female and 5 were male, with a median age of 49 years. The smallest and
largest lesion lenghts were 0.4 and 2 cm, respectively. Seven lesions had developed in the head and neck region, while 2 were in the
trunk. One of our cases was a 45-year old female patient with a malignant trichoblastoma presented with a lesion in the right side of
the lower lip.
Conclusion: Trichoblastomas are rare tumors that affect both sexes equally and are seen most commonly in the head and neck region.
Recurrence rates were found to be low when they were treated with negative surgical margins.
Chiasm and Meaning in 1 Chronicles
Authors: Berger Yitzhak
Published: May 2021

This study proposes that chiastic structures encompass at least the first half of 1 Chronicles, helping to underscore the rejection of Gibeon and the Saulides in favor of Jerusalem and the line of David. This approach offers promising solutions to several long-standing difficulties regarding the Chronicler’s choice and arrangement of material. Of methodological consequence, it emerges that the Chronicler relied heavily upon design in order to generate new meaning from texts already in circulation.
Prevalence of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, Producing Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBLs) from Clinical Specimen in Khuzestan, Iran
Authors: Besharati Zadeh Sahar , Shakib Pegah , Zolfaghari Mohammad Reza , Farajzadeh Sheikh Ahmad
Published: May 2021

Background: A major problem in the treatment of the infectious diseases healthcare centers is extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria. Objectives: The aim of present study was to identify the antibiotic sensitivity pattern and prevalence of the blaCTX, blaTEM, and blaSHV genes in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. Methods: In this study, E. coli and K. pneumoniae specimens were collected in Shushtar hospitals, Khuzestan (southwest Iran), from March to October 2015. Sensitivity antibiotic pattern performed by disc diffusion method. Double disc synergy test (DDST) done for identifying ESBLs isolates and PCR for blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M genes. Results: One hundred E. coli and 30 K. pneumoniae isolates were collected from different specimens. The highest rates of antibiotic resistance related to cefotaxime and aztreonam in E. coli and K. pneumoniae. ESBL-harboring K. pneumoniae and E. coli were 13.5 and 28%, respectively. Overall, bla TEM was the most prevalent ESBL gene. Conclusions: In this study, the rate of antibiotic resistance was high, and due to the carrying of coding genes on mobile genetic elements and the ability of these elements to carry genes that create resistance to other antibiotic families, identification and isolation of these isolates are essential to find effective antibiotics and eliminate the infection.
Digital Collections at a Distance: Telework during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Gentry Laura M.
Published: May 2021

This case study explores how one team tasked with the creation of digital collections at The University of Alabama Libraries succeeded at telework to carry on its essential functions despite not being able to digitize new content from March through July 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic. Managers of similar units will gain strategies to create similar telework projects at their institution and lessons learned while working and supervising employees remotely.
Book Review: Sudden Selector’s Guide to Geography and GIS
Authors: Bozich Tamara
Published: May 2021

As stated in the foreword, “The ongoing purpose of the sudden selector’s series is to provide current information on selection in specific subject areas in order to assist selectors in creating a manageable process in unfamiliar subject territories” (vii). This new entry in the series does just that; it provides new geography and geographic information systems (GIS) selectors with a baseline knowledge of the field. It accomplishes this by introducing the subject and a broad review of valuable tools and resources.
Liminal moods and sense-making under conditions of uncertainty
Authors: Wrbouscheck Markus , Slunecko Thomas
Published: May 2021

Researchers have begun to recognize the importance of intuition and strategies of affectively grounded sense-making, specifically in the context of late modern societies which are characterized by high degrees of uncertainty, risk and rapidly changing environments. In fact, affectivity has been considered one of the most central features of today´s permanently liminal forms of life. However, the roles of different varieties of affective experience have not yet been fully taken into consideration. Drawing from Gilbert Simondon´s theory of individuation, we here focus on moods specifically and develop a theoretical perspective on how moods functionally contribute to situated sense-making under conditions of uncertainty. We thereby hope to contribute to solving some of the problems psychologists keep having with mood experiences. At the same time, we think that our approach will prove fruitful for studying processes of sense-making in undecided and open (social) environments
Stereospecificity of hydride transfer and molecular docking in FMN‐dependent NADH‐indigo reductase of Bacillus smithii
Authors: Yoneda Kazunari , Sakuraba Haruhiko , Araki Tomohiro , Ohshima Toshihisa
Published: May 2021

In this study, we investigated the stereospecificity of hydride transfer from NADH to flavin mononucleotide (FMN) in reactions catalyzed by the FMN‐dependent NADH‐indigo reductase expressed by thermophilic Bacillus smithii. We performed 1H‐NMR spectroscopy using deuterium‐labeled NADH (4R‐2H‐NADH) and molecular docking simulations to reveal that the pro‐S hydrogen at the C4 position of the nicotinamide moiety in NADH was specifically transferred to the flavin‐N5 atom of FNM. Altogether, our findings may aid in the improvement of the indigo dyeing (Aizome) process.
Flicker‐Free Fringe‐Field Switching Liquid Crystal Display Operable at Extremely Low Frequencies for Power Saving
Authors: Choi Jun-Chan , Lee Jae-Won , Lee Dong-Jin , Park YungKyung , Kim Hak-Rin
Published: May 2021

A fringe‐field switching (FFS) liquid crystal (LC) mode used with a negative dielectric LC (n‐LC) that is operable at an extremely low‐frequency signal voltage regime, without image flickering, is proposed. By doping charge‐trapping fullerenes (doping concentration: 0.2 wt%) into a low‐resistivity polyimide LC alignment layer of the FFS n‐LC mode, the mobile ionic‐charge density within the n‐LC layer can be drastically decreased. Thus, excellent voltage‐holding ratios of 98.24% and 87.91% are achievable in the proposed FFS n‐LC mode at low operation frequencies of 0.5 Hz and 0.2 Hz, respectively, corresponding to the improvement rates of 155.69% and 1127.05% at each operation frequency, compared with the FFS n‐LC mode without the fullerene doping case. The evaluation results by the modulation flicker level reveal that the operation frequency of the proposed device scheme can be decreased significantly (≈0.2 Hz) without inducing the perceptible image‐flickering problems.
Fabrication of CuO/TiO2/Ti Monolithic Catalyst for Efficient and Stable CO Oxidation
Authors: Tang Xinyue , Wang Junchao , Liu Xiaojue , Yang Liu , Liu Baodan , Jiang Xin
Published: May 2021

This work reports a novel strategy to in situ grow TiO2 nanosheets on flexible Ti mesh as ideal support, and to modify CuO active components through multi‐step methods. The CuO/TiO2/Ti monolithic catalyst can realize the complete CO oxidation at 110 °C without the assistance of any noble metal and the outstanding long‐term stability can be also achieved. When using urea as deposition precipitant, CuO particle size will increase obviously with the reaction time longer than 6 h, which is adverse to the catalytic performance, showing the significant impact of CuO particle size on the CO oxidation capability. The deposition reaction carried out in different solutions is also investigated and the results show that CuO/TiO2/Ti catalysts synthesized in acid and alkaline condition exhibit superior catalytic performance owing to the high content of Cu1+/0 and adsorbed oxygen species (Oα) on surface, large surface area, and excellent redox capacity compared with that in reductive solution. More importantly, the as‐synthesized CuO/TiO2/Ti monolithic catalysts show outstanding low‐temperature performance and excellent long‐term stability, indicating the overwhelming advantage of in situ grown catalysts. It is expected that the peculiar in situ growth technology is capable of extending to monolithic catalysts for multiple applications in the future.
A Practical Synthetic Route to Artepillin C and Drupanin
Authors: Zhao Xue‐Zheng , Wang Lu , Li Xiao‐Ya , Zhang Qing‐Qing , Li Wei , Lin Ai‐Jun , Xu Jin‐Yi , Wu Xiao‐Ming , Xie Wei‐Jia
Published: May 2021

Synthesis of Artepillin C, a natural product with diverse biological activities, as well as Drupanin were accomplished. A two‐step continuous CuCN‐meditated prenylation of protected 3,5‐dibromo‐4‐hydroxybenzaldehyde, followed by HWE reaction efficiently provided desired diprenylated p‐cinnamic acid backbone structure.
State‐of‐the‐art of lumbar puncture and its place in the journey of patients with Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Hampel Harald , Shaw Leslie M. , Aisen Paul , Chen Christopher , Lleó Alberto , Iwatsubo Takeshi , Iwata Atsushi , Yamada Masahito , Ikeuchi Takeshi , Jia Jianping , Wang Huali , Teunissen Charlotte E. , Peskind Elaine , Blennow Kaj , Cummings Jeffrey , Vergallo Andrea
Published: May 2021

Recent advances in developing disease‐modifying therapies (DMT) for Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the recognition that AD pathophysiology emerges decades before clinical symptoms, necessitate a paradigm shift of health‐care systems toward biomarker‐guided early detection, diagnosis, and therapeutic decision‐making. Appropriate incorporation of cerebrospinal fluid biomarker analysis in clinical practice is an essential step toward system readiness for accommodating the demand of AD diagnosis and proper use of DMTs—once they become available. However, the use of lumbar puncture (LP) in individuals with suspected neurodegenerative diseases such as AD is inconsistent, and the perception of its utility and safety differs considerably among medical specialties as well as among regions and countries. This review describes the state‐of‐the‐art evidence concerning the safety profile of LP in older adults, discusses the risk factors for LP‐associated adverse events, and provides recommendations and an outlook for optimized use and global implementation of LP in individuals with suspected AD.
Undiagnosed tracheomalacia accompanied with accidental expiratory central airway collapse after tracheal intubation
Authors: Sonoda Seijiro , Sato Kozo , Takagi Yoshito , Sato Yumiko , Murao Fumi , Koide Yasuhiro , Oda Toshiyuki
Published: May 2021

Background

A patient with undiagnosed tracheomalacia undergoing surgery experienced accidental expiratory central airway collapse after tracheal intubation. Here, we aimed to diagnose tracheomalacia from the preoperative data.

Case Presentation

A 73‐year‐old man, scheduled for abdominal surgery, had a clinical history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Preoperative chest computed tomography revealed a lateral narrowing of the tracheal shape. After tracheal intubation, we could not manually ventilate the inflated lung. Emergent bronchoscopy findings, including severe expiratory tracheal collapse, indicated a diagnosis of tracheomalacia. We could fully ventilate the patient by moving the endotracheal tube near the tracheal carina and finally changing it to a double‐lumen tube. Airway collapse did not occur under spontaneous breathing.

Conclusion

Accidental expiratory central airway collapse could occur in patients with undiagnosed tracheomalacia during surgery. A diagnosis of tracheomalacia should be presumed from a deformed trachea on preoperative imaging and history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.