bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Additive on Phase Composition and Microstructure of Silica Brick Matrix
Authors: Zhu Jing Jing , Gu Hua Zhi , Chen Shu Feng , Peng Tian Xing , Peng Nai
Published: March 2013

The silica matrix specimens were prepared by adding microsilica and MoSi2 powder. The mixture were pressed to cylinder and then sintered at 1200oC, 1250oC, 1300oC and 1400oC for 8h respectively. The phase compositions of specimens were analyzed by X-ray diffusion and the tridymite crystal morphology and grain sizes were observed by SEM. The results show that with the addition amount of MoSi2 powders increase, the intensity of tridymite diffraction peaks first strengthen slightly and then decrease, becoming more and more amorphous process, while the diffraction peaks of residual quartz phase enhance. When adding 2.5% MoSi2, the precipitation of CaMoO4 phase reduces the O/Si ratio in the liquid phase, and promotes the generation of tridymite, so the number of tridymite increase, but the crystal size decreases. With the sintering temperature increase, the intensity of tridymite diffraction peaks increase, the residual quartzite amount reduces.
Luminescent Properties of a Novel Red-Emitting Phosphor Ca1.95P2O7:0.05Eu3+, B3+, M+ (M=Li, Na, K) for White Light-Emitting Diodes
Authors: Yan Mi Fang , Xue Li Hong , Yan You Wei
Published: March 2013

A series of Ca1.95P2O7:0.05Eu3+, B3+, M+ (M=Li, Na, K) phosphors were prepared by combustion synthesis method using boric acid as flux and M+ as charge compensator. The crystal structure and luminescent properties were investigated. The emission spectra show that the most intensive emission peak is located at 612nm, corresponding to the 5D0-7F2 transition of Eu3+. The phosphors can be efficiently excited by 394nm and 464nm light, which are matched well with the emission wavelength of near UV and blue light-emitting chips, respectively. The results show that boric acid is effective in improving the luminescence intensity, and the optimum molar ratio of boric acid to the pyrophosphate is 0.09. The relative emission intensities of Eu3+ (5D0-7F2) in Ca2P2O7:Eu3+ phosphors with M+ (M=Li, Na, K) introduced as charge compensator are significantly enhanced, and the phosphor added with Na+ show the strongest emission.
Microwave-Assisted Preparation and Physical Characterisation of Iron Oxyhydroxides Adsorbents for Arsenic Removal from Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Lu Meng Nan , Nikoloski Aleksandar N. , Singh Pritam , Parsonage Dale , Das Radhanath Prasad , Zhang Li Bo , Li Wei , Peng Jin Hui
Published: March 2013

A novel method for preparation of iron oxyhydroxide materials, involving aqueous precipitation followed by microwave assisted aging is investigated. The produced materials are characterized by XRD, SEM, EDX and TEM spectroscopy and BET analysis. The materials show physical characteristics dependent on preparation procedure. The adsorptive properties of the materials for arsenic are studied by batch adsorption techniques. It is found that the rate of arsenic upload depends strongly on the degree of crystallinity of the materials. The adsorption capacity is approximately 55 mg/g. The physical characterization of the arsenic loaded adsorbents show that the adsorption process modifies the morphology of the materials. Over 4% of arsenic atoms are incorporated into the particle matrix.
Strong Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy with High Thermal Stability in Annealed Co/Native Oxide/Pd Multilayers
Authors: Lv Qin Li , Cai Jian Wang , Li Tao
Published: March 2013

A novel perpendicular magnetic material was obtained in the annealed Co/native oxide/Pd multilayer films. Upon thermal annealing in a vacuum, a sharp transition of magnetic anisotropy from in-plane to out-of-plane is observed for the Co/native oxide/Pd multilayers with 20 Å Co layers. These annealed Co/native oxide/Pd multilayers possess extremely large effect perpendicular anisotropy field (Heff) and perpendicular anisotropy energy (Ku), with the maximum Heff of 17 kOe and Ku of 5.1×106 erg/cm3 obtained in the annealed Co(20 Å)/native oxide/Pd(10 Å) multilayers. Moreover, the large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy sustains with annealing temperature varying from 200°C to 400°C, indicative of high thermal stability. The present results open the way to a third alternative for the realization of thermally stable perpendicular magnetic electrodes of tunnel junctions.
Theoretical Studies of the Spin Hamiltonian Parameters for Fe0 and Mn– in Silicon Center
Authors: Kuang Min Quan , Wu Shao Yi , Song Bo Tao , Hu Xian Fen
Published: March 2013

The spin Hamiltonian parameters (g factors and the hyperfine structure constants) for the octahedral interstitial Fe0and Mn in silicon are theoretically investigated using the perturbation formulas of these parameters for a 3d8ion under octahedral environments based on the cluster approach. The theoretical results show good agreement with the experimental data, and the ligand contributions should be considered due to the strong covalency of the systems. The interstitial occupation of the above novel 3d8impurities of rare valence states in silicon is discussed.
First-Principles Study on Energy Property and Stability of Y3Al5O12 Crystal
Authors: Song Qing Gong , Zhao Hui , Chen Yi Fei , Kang Jian Hai , Guo Yan Rui
Published: March 2013

The geometrical structure of Y3Al5O12 (YAG) crystal was optimized by using first-principles calculation scheme, i.e. generalized gradient approximation (GGA) with the PW91 exchange correlation potential and “on the fly” pseudo-potential (OTFPP). The obtained lattice parameters are in good accordance with experimental results reported in the literature. This confirms the validity of the present GGA-OTFPP scheme. The total energy, populations, and contour maps of total charge density of YAG system were calculated with the same scheme. The derived formation energy (-2.396eV) indicate the good stability of the structure. The obtained Mulliken charge populations of atoms, overlap populations, as well as contour maps of total charge density congruously show that YAG crystal is a mixed bond material with stronger ion bond and weaker covalence bond.
Removal of Iron in Nickel Precipitation Residue Wastewater with Magnesium Oxide
Authors: Liu Yan Na , Zhang Zhao Shu , Xia Ju Pei
Published: March 2013

The wastewater with iron is a threat to health of human and environment. MgO was used to remove iron and the effect of MgO added amount, the reaction time and temperature on the removal of iron ion were investigated. The removal rate of iron ion was more than 99% and the optimal added amount of MgO was 2.5 g/L with reaction time for 40 min at 25 oC. The results of study on the use of MgO as a water treatment reagent to treat wastewater containing iron ion indicated that MgO had an excellent performance to treat wastewater with iron.
Preparation of La0.9SR0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3-δ Electrolyte Films Deposited by RF Magnetic Sputtering
Authors: Yang Jian Jun , Ma Wen Hui , Yu Jie , Chen Xiu Hua , Xing Jie , Li Rui
Published: March 2013

La0.9Sr0.1Ga0.8Mg0.2O3-d (LSGM) electrolyte materials were synthesized using solid state reactions. The LSGM material film was deposited by radiofrequency magnetic sputtering on La0.7Sr0.3Cr0.5Mn0.5O3-d (LSCM) substrates. The analysis results show the films did not form but formed some “mountains” when deposited for 4 h. While the depositing time extended to 12 h, a dense and uniform film with perovskite phase was obtained, and the element amounts of the film were closed to those of the LSGM materials.
Study on the Dielectric Properties of Biomass Material of Tobacco Stems
Authors: Zi Wen Hua , Zhang Xiao Long , Wang Lan , Peng Jin Hui , Chen Lin
Published: March 2013

An Agilent E4980A precision the LCR meter was used to estimate the effect of frequency, moisture content, position, location and variety on dielectric properties for biomass material of tobacco stems at microwave frequency of 2MHz. The dielectric properties of tobacco stems were significantly affected by frequency and moisture content. Both dielectric constant and dielectric loss factor rapidly declined first and then slowed with increasing frequency at lower moisture content. Increasing the moisture content, dielectric constant increased with the increasing frequency by orders of magnitude, while dielectric loss factor increased first and then decreased with dielectric relaxation emerging, where the dipolar relaxation frequency and the max of the dielectric loss factor also increased. Dielectric properties of the biomass material of tobacco stem were also affected by position, location and variety to some degree. The dielectric properties variation of K326 and Yun 87 was similar to each other which reflected their same genetic characteristics. At the frequency of 2MHz, dielectric constant and dielectric loss factor were mainly at 50-100 and 0.005-0.020, respectively.
Design and Fabrication of SiO2 Coated Al Thin Films with High Performance for Solar Front Reflectors
Authors: Xu Yong Jun , Liao Jun Xu , Cai Qi Wen , Yang Xiao Xi , Liu Yu Ping
Published: March 2013

The SiO2 coated Al thin films deposited on glass substrate for solar front reflectors were designed using Essential Macleod Program (EMP) and successfully fabricated by magnetron sputtering. The obtained thin films showed high reflectivity (up to 89.51%) under the light wavelength ranged from 250 to 2500 nm, which was identical with calculated results. Moreover, the thin films showed high anti-corrosion properties after the harsh abrasion tests. The high performance of the thin films was mainly attributed to the SiO2 layer, which served as a good protection without serious degradation of reflectivity, demonstrating the bright prospects for outdoor solar front reflectors.
Influence of Additives on Modification of Sodium Silicate and its Molding Sand Properties
Authors: Wang Li , Zhang Yi
Published: March 2013

The additive ZY, citric acid and ammonium chloride were used to modify sodium silicate and the influence of modified sodium silicate on the properties of molding sand has been investigated in this paper. The experimental results showed that the additives made the viscosity of sodium silicate increase and its surface tension reduce, the gel particle size of sodium silicate hardened by CO2 gas refine, leading to the strength at room temperature and the collapsibility of molding sand improved. The mechanism of sodium silicate modified by additives was also analyzed and it was concluded that the ZY was the best for modification of sodium silicate among experimental additives.
Influence of Granulating Equipment on the Quality of Artificial Aggregate
Authors: Cerný Vit , Sokol Pavel , Drochytka Rostislav , Helanová Ester
Published: March 2013

One of the technologies which enables the increase of the use of fly-ash for construction purposes is the production of light cold-hardened artificial aggregate. Balling of fly-ash is possible in two ways – on the granulating plate and by means of cylindrical granulator. This article leads with the evaluation of the quality of grains produced on the granulating plate and on cylinders and, at the same time, it evaluates the suitability of the use of fly-ash from conventional and fluid burning.
Relationship between Mineral Characteristics and Frictional Property of Pavement Stones
Authors: Yang Fa , Liu Qing Quan , Xiong Rui , Cao Dong Wei , Xiao Wang Xin , Zhao Lei , Tu Shuai
Published: March 2013

In order to study the impact of stone mineral composition and micro-structure on its frictional properties, 3 pavement stones used commonly were selected and researched experimentally. In the research, the frictions were measured by the specially designed facility of the State Key Laboratory of Tsinghua University and the mineral characteristics were conducted by the flake inspection, respectively. In addition, the Polishing Stone Value, abrasion value, impact value and crushing value of the 3 stones was tested. The results denote that the broader the size distributing range of compositing minerals and the greater the hardness, the larger the frictional coefficient, which indicates the mineral characteristics of pavement stones are especially essential for frictional property.
The Structural Performance of Precast Lightweight Foam Concrete Sandwich Panel with Single and Double Shear Truss Connectors Subjected to Axial Load
Authors: Mohamad Noridah , Hassan Najmuddin
Published: March 2013

The progressive research upon the issue on renewal technology that can improve the construction industry has initiated the study of Precast Lightweight Foam Concrete Sandwich Panel (PLFP) as an alternative to Industrialize Building System (IBS). This paper reports the analysis of structural behavior of PLFP with double shear connectors under axial load. The PLFP panel consists of two wythes which enclosed a layer of polystyrene layer. Six (6 mm) rebar was used as the vertical and horizontal reinforcement and 9 mm steel bar bent at 450 was used as the connector. Full scaled panel was tested under axial load till failure. It was found that PLFP panel with double shear truss connector has higher ultimate strength capacity compared to PLFP with single shear connectors ehen tested under axial load.
Analysis on the Decoration of Traditional Dwellings in Shanxi Province - Taking Dwellings in Ding Village of Xiangfen County as an Example
Authors: Liang Shuang , Wang Jin Ping
Published: March 2013

Building decoration of dwellings in Shanxi is taken as the carrier of the ancient history and culture, art and science, having the very high historical, artistic and scientific value, and Ding village in Xiangfen is one of the typical representatives which can show the decoration art of traditional dwellings in Shanxi. The thorough analysis and research is conducted based on field investigation and research, by taking Ding village in Xiangfen as an example, and from the characteristics, types, techniques, and moral of the architectural decoration, which plays a certain guiding role in understanding traditional dwellings in Shanxi.
Investigation of the Pozzolanic Reaction in Silica Fume-Cement Paste by 29Si MAS NMR
Authors: Wang Lei , He Zhen , Dong Yun
Published: March 2013

Pozzolanic reactivity of silica fume(SF) in silica fume-cement (SFC)pastes was studied by 29Si MAS NMR combined with deconvoluton technique, respectively. The experimental results indicate that SF possess an high pozzolanic reactivity. About 41% of SF at 3d and about 96% at 120d have reacted in a paste with SF of 10% in mass. In the highly alkaline environment of the cement paste, monomers formed after the covalent bonds of Si-O-Si in SF were broken, which can connect C-S-H dimers to form highly polymerized C-S-H, and increase the ACL of C-S-H.
Approximate Elastodynamic Directional-Cloak with Isotropous Homogeneous Material
Authors: Lu Xiang Yang , Hu Jin
Published: March 2013

Recently, the transformation method has been extended to control solid elastic waves in case of high frequency or small material gradient. An important device in practice, the approximate elastodynamic directional-cloak with isotropic homogeneous materials, can be designed based on this method. In this paper, this device’s design method is discussed in detail and its effect on cloaking arbitrary shaped obstacles is explored. It is also shown that this useful device cannot be designed based on the conventional transformation elastodynamics. Examples are conceived and validated by numerical simulations.
Constitutive Modeling of Mechanical Behavior of Metallic Materials with Nanocrystalline Surface Layer
Authors: Wang Yao Mian , Zhang Cong Hui
Published: March 2013

A constitutive model, adopting the modified Khan, Huang and Liang (KHL) viscoplastic model to describe plastic deformation of metallic materials with different grain sizes in the range of nanometers to micrometers at different strain rates, was presented to simulate the mechanical behavior of iron sample with nanocrystalline surface layer. Stress-strain curve and yield stress of the iron sample were calculated by means of this model. Influence of grain size distribution in the cross section was also investigated. The simulation results indicate that the yield stress can be increased after the formation of the nanocrystalline surface layer. And an increment of the fraction of the nanocrystalline layer can improve the yield stress further.
Research on Formability of Aluminum Alloy 2024 Sheet by Viscous Pressure Forming
Authors: Gao Tie Jun , Wang Yao , Liu Jian Guang , Wang Zhong Jin
Published: March 2013

Viscous pressure forming(VPF) using a semi-solid, flowable, highly viscous and certain rate sensitive macromolecule polymer as the forming flexible-die is a good forming method for high strength, low plasticity, complex sheet metal parts. In this paper, the bulging process of aluminum alloy 2024 sheet is carried out by combining methods of experiments with numerical simulation. Influences of viscous medium properties on the geometry of bulging specimens, thickness distribution and the pressure field of viscous medium are analyzed, and the limit bulging heights of aluminum alloy 2024 sheets are obtained. The research results show that choosing viscous medium with high rate sensitivity in the forming process can increase the non-uniformity of viscous pressure field, improve the viscous pressure bulging property of aluminum alloy 2024 sheet, and ameliorate the distribution uniformity of wall thickness of bulging specimens.
The Orientation Effect on Inelastic Electron Tunneling Spectroscopy in Octanethiolate Molecular Junctions
Authors: Leng Jian Cai , Ma Hong , Ma Yong
Published: March 2013

A first-principles computational method is developed to study the inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy (IETS) of octanethiolate molecular junctions with different orientation of the molecule adsorbed on the Au(111) surface. We have demonstrated that IETS is very sensitive to the orientation of the molecule. The computational results demonstrate that the IETS has certain selection rule for vibrational modes, where the modes with the same direction as the tunneling current have greatest contribution to the IETS.
CTOD Evaluation for HAZ Toughness of Offshore Structure Steels with Heavy Thickness Based on API RP 2Z
Authors: Miao Ting , Miao Zhang Mu , Hu Ling , Zhang Xiang Kui , Qian Wei Fang
Published: March 2013

The CTOD (Crack Tip Opening Displacement) evaluation and control for HAZ (Heat Affected Zone) toughness of welded joints are the most effective measures to the security of steel structures. This paper address the problem of the newly developed offshore structure steel API 2W 50Z with heavy thickness of 100mm. In accordance with the American Petroleum Institute standard Recommended Practice 2Z (API PR 2Z), the CTOD tests of two critical positions of HAZ in three kinds of heat inputs were carried out in low temperature (-10°C). All of these CTOD testing and assessments are finished under the witness of American Bureau of Shipping (ABS). The result shows that all of the CTOD values are greater than the required value (0.38mm) in API RP 2Z. This indicates that the newly developed offshore structure steel (API 2W 50Z) meet the requirement of the toughness. Further, the CTOD testing and assessments in several international standards about weld joints of steel plates are also compared and discussed in this paper.
Synchrotron Radiation SAXS Study of Microvoids Structure of PAN Fiber during Spinning Process
Authors: Gao Xue Ping , Zhu Bo , Chen Yang
Published: March 2013

The microvoids structure changes of the PAN fibers were characterized by synchrotron radiation SAXS. The synchrotron radiation SAXS patterns and the changes of scattering intensity show that after various fiber spinning process, microviods were gradually oriented in parallel with the fiber axis, and the number of the microvoids was decreased. Fankuchen tangent method was used to deal with the experimental data. After the first coagulation bath, a large number of microvoids were formed in fibers, the aspect ratio was close to 1.0, the shape was nearly spherical, and the radius of gyration (Rg) was 14nm. During plasticizing drawing and washing process, the dimension of microvoids was decreased. Rg was 10nm, the aspect ratio reached 1.6, the shape of the microvoids was nearly ellipsoidal, and the microvoids exhibited preferred orientation along the fiber axis direction. After the processes drying collapsing and drawing in vapor, the scattering intensity of fiber drastically decreased, the number of microvoids significantly reduced, Rg turned to 12.9nm, and the aspect ratio reached 1.9. During heat setting process, the aspect ratio of microvoids reduced, but Rg slightly increased.
Effect of Pre-Shot Peening on Plasma Nitriding Kinetics of Austenitic Stainless Steel
Authors: Shen Lie , Wang Liang , Xu Jiu Jun , Shan Ying Chun
Published: March 2013

The fine grains and strain-induced martensite were fabricated in the surface layer of AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel by shot peening treatment. The shot peening effects on the microstructure evolution and nitrogen diffusion kinetics in the plasma nitriding process were investigated by optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results indicated that when nitriding treatments carried out at 450°C for times ranging from 0 to 36h, the strain-induced martensite transformed to supersaturated nitrogen solid solution (expanded austenite), and slip bands and grain boundaries induced by shot peening in the surface layer lowered the activation energy for nitrogen diffusion and evidently enhanced the nitriding efficiency of austenitic stainless steel.
Investigation of Nano-ZnO on Properties of Coatings Based on Fluorinated Polyurethane Emulsion
Authors: Zhang Zhan Ping , Qi Yu Hong , Wang Shuai
Published: March 2013

To develop environmentally friendly antifouling coatings, based on fluoro-modified polyurethane emulsion, eight coatings were prepared in which the content of nano-ZnO powder is respectively 0%, 0.2%,0.4%,0.6%,0.8%,1.0%,1.2% and 1.4 wt% in mass. Based on the measurement of mechanical and optical properties, surface roughness, morphological observation of coatings by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), the influence of nano-ZnO was investigated on impact resistance, hardness, adhesive and flexibility, gloss, hydrophobicity, morphology and roughness of the coatings. The results showed that adding some nano-ZnO powder in paint did not affect the mechanical properties of the coatings, but it influenced obviously the surface topography and characteristics. The gloss reduces and the roughness increases with the content of nano-ZnO. The water contact angle is only 76.5° for the coating without nano-ZnO. The coating changed from hydrophilic to hydrophobic when nano-ZnO content increases up to 0.8 wt%, water contact angle excesses 90°, max water contact angle is up to 97.8° for coating with 1.4 wt % nano-ZnO powder.
Preparation and Properties of Cathodic Plasma Electrolysis Ni-P Coatings
Authors: Zhang Peng , Wang De Ren , He Ye Dong
Published: March 2013

Cathodic plasma electrolysis (CPE) is an emerging surface engineering technology in the recent years. In present work CPE was successfully used for deposition Ni-P coatings on carbon steel. The deposition experimental results show that CPE possesses high coating deposition rate, faster than 4 μm/min. SEM observations unveil the bonding between Ni-P coating and substrate is metallurgical. XRD diagram analysis indicates that the phases of as-deposited Ni-P coating are Ni and Ni3P, transformed from amorphous to crystallized state. The corrosion resistances of CPE and electroless plating (EP) coating have also been discussed by polarization curves in 3.5% NaCl solution at room temperature. Scratch tester was applied to study film-substrate adhesion of CPE Ni-P coating comparing with EP Ni-P coating.
Synthesis of Ortho Phthaloyl Chloride Using Triphosgene by Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Tang Xuan , Cheng Xi Tao , Huang Feng Lin
Published: March 2013

A simple approach for the synthesis of Ortho Phthaloyl Chloride(OPC) was studied .Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the synthesis conditions of OPC. A 4-factor central composite design (CCD) was used for experimental design and analysis to obtain the optimal processing parameters, such as amount of triphosgene(BTC), amount of catalyst, reaction temperature and time. The 3-D response surface and the contour plots derived from the mathematical models were applied to determine the optimal conditions. The optimum reaction conditions were as follows: amount of BTC 62 g, amount of cat. 3.3 g, reaction temperature 75°C, reaction time 5 h. Under these conditions, The yield of OPC was 96.61%. Comparison of predicted and experimental values revealed good correspondence, implying that empirical model could be used to adequately describe the relationship between the factors and response in OPC synthesis process.
Microstructures of Surface Alloyed Carbon Steel Fabricated by Ferrous-Tungsten and Carbon Powders
Authors: Guo Chang Qing
Published: March 2013

A surface alloyed process that adopted ferrous-tungsten and carbon powders as reactants to in-suite synthesize WC reinforcement particles with the assistance of molten carbon steel was attempted in this paper. Results showed that the surface alloyed layer is dense and there are no obvious defects. Microstructures from surface to core are consisted of three different layers, i.e., the top surface alloyed layer, the interim transitional layer and the bottom matrix steel. There are no any WC particles formed in the surface alloyed layer which is consisted of dendrite matrix and inter-dendritical net eutectics and carbides. The net carbides have two types: one is WC or W2C; the other is M7C3. Few large metal tungsten particles are distributed at part bottom of the surface alloyed layer. The microstructure in the transitional layer is consisted of large amounts of pearlites and certain amounts of net carbides.
Dissolution of Pyrite Particles by Chemical Oxidation and Bioleaching
Authors: Wu Zhi , Zhong Shui Ping , Huang Zhong Sheng , Ruan Ren Man , Wu Zeng Ling , Zou Gang
Published: March 2013

Dissolution of pyrite by chemical oxidation and bioleaching were studied with using short-term batch experiments. The results show that the rate of oxidative dissolution of pyrite increases with the increasing concentration of ferric in ferric sulfate solutions. With the corresponding in the bioleaching, the leaching rate of pyrite is markedly affected by the Eh of the solution. The ferric/ferrous ratio controls the relative rate of the oxidation reactions involved in the process. Additionally, the leaching rate of pyrite is controlled by the pH. The phase analysis of products indicated that S2- 2oxidation can produce S0 and SO2- 4under these conditions. On the basis of predecessors and using these species，the simplest expected oxidation mechanism is S2O2- 3regarded as the intermediate mechanism during the oxidation process.
Effect of pH on PCP Remediation by Smectite Supported Pd / Fe
Authors: Liu Bing Tao , Zhu Guang Yu , Pu Jia Yi
Published: March 2013

Due to its influence on iron corrosion and involvement in dechlorination reaction, the concentration of H+ is crucial to the reactivity and efficiency of nanosized Pd /Fe. In this study, PCP dechlorination by smectite-templated Pd/Fe was studied and the effect of pH on PCP dechlorination was investigated in detail. The reaction rate constant is critically dependant on the reaction pH over the range 6.0~10.0. The dechlorination rate increases rapidly with decreasing the reaction pH value when the pH is 6.0~8.0. The rate change is up to 3.346 folds with decreasing of per pH unit while it decreases down to 0.3338 when pH is in the range 8.0~10.0. The reductive efficiency of zero-valent iron (ZVI) was further investigated by spiking excess PCP in the reaction system. The maximal reaction efficiency of ZVI for PCP dechlorination attains to 78% when pH is 9.0. The difference between the dechlorination rate and reductive efficiency with respect to reaction pH suggest that ZVI could not be effectively utilized to reduce PCP under acidic condition.
Aluminum Removal from Leach Liquor of Nitric Acid Pressure Leaching Laterite Ores
Authors: Ma Bao Zhong , Wang Cheng Yan , Yang Wei Jiao , Yin Fei , Chen Yong Qiang
Published: March 2013

In this paper, the removal of aluminum in leach liquor of nitric acid pressure leaching laterite was investigated, and a new method of aluminum removal by precipitation with calcium sulphide was presented. The effect of reaction temperature, pH value before ageing and ageing time on the removal of aluminum were examined in details. The optimum conditions were determined as follows: reaction temperature 40 °C, pH 3.9~4.1 (before aging) and aging time 30 min. Compared with the traditional precipitation method, the loss of nickel and cobalt was less than 1% in the obtained aluminum precipitate slag, which is 3% lower than that by the traditional method; the filtration rate of aluminum precipitate slurry was faster than the traditional method, when the filtration press was controlled at -0.04 MPa, the filtration rate of aluminum precipitate slurry could reach 0.109 m3/(h•m2), which is 6.5 times higher than that obtained by the traditional method.
Atmospheric Acid Leaching of a Ferruginous Nickel Laterite
Authors: Liu Kui , Su Xue Mei
Published: March 2013

A ferruginous nickel laterite was leached by sulfuric acid at atmospheric pressure. Nickel extraction was largely dependent on sulfuric acid concentration and leaching temperature. Besides these two factors, leaching time and liquid/solid ratio also influenced cobalt extraction significantly. Nickel was easier to be extracted than cobalt. About 95% nickel and cobalt could be extracted when leaching with 5mol/L sulfuric acid for 2h at 100°C, and the acid consumption was 1.417kg H2SO4/kg dry ore.
Study on Effect of Complexing Agent Addition on Flotation Index of Copper-Nickel Sulfide Ore
Authors: Li Xian Hai , Zhang Qin , Mao Song
Published: March 2013

The gangue mineral surface inevitably enriches some copper ions, nickel ions and other metal ions when copper-nickel sulfide ore is ground and in the flotation process. These ions can activate the gangue minerals so as to influence the selective separation of valuable minerals and gangue minerals. This paper, based on the ore property, found that complexing agent LXA could make nickel grade increase to 7.88% from 6.32%, but the recovery rate reduced by 15.61%; complexing agent LXH1 could make nickel grade and recovery rate increase by 0.6% and 1.3% respectively by comparing the flotation effect in the presence of complexing agent EDTA, LXH1, sodium thiosulfate and LXA respectively.
Study on Continuous Leaching Process of Vanadium Bearing Clinker
Authors: Gao Guan Jin
Published: March 2013

The continuous leaching conditions was simulated by means of laboratory equipments based on industrial production, some single factor tests were performed to investigate the effects of soaking time, the number of washing, washing liquid to solid ratio and temperature of the continuous leaching on the soluble vanadium (SV) content of residue. The results show that the SV content residues could reduce to 0.17% after optimization of process parameters in comparison with industrial production, furthermore the results have good stability and repeatability.
Study on the Influence of CaO on Reduction Smelting for the Laterite Ore
Authors: Yang Wei Jiao , Wang Cheng Yan , Ma Bao Zhong , Yin Fei , Chen Yong Qiang
Published: March 2013

Physical properties of the charge, such as viscosity, basicity and melting temperature, are key factors for the reduction smelting of laterite ore. In this study, CaO is used to improve the properties of the ore. The effect of CaO on the properties before and after smleting is studied and the dosage of CaO is optimized. The results show that the properties of the smelted ore after the addition of CaO are improved as follows: the basicity of 0.55, the density of 2.86 g/cm3, the melting temperature of 1320 oC, the viscosity of 0.82 Pa•s (at 1500 oC), the specific conductivity of 0.64 Ω-1•cm-1 (at 1500 oC). The results also show that 99.87% of nickel is recovered and nickel in the alloy is concentrated to 14.82% while nickel in the slag is as lower as 0.004%.
Terminal Optimization Control for Converter Steelmaking Based on the Auxiliary Resources Operating Characteristics
Authors: He Zhi Peng , Zhang Hua , Wang Yan Hong
Published: March 2013

The end point control for converter steelmaking is important operation in converter smelting later stage, and the end point control level directly affects the production efficiency and product quality. From the point of view of auxiliary resources operating characteristics, we analyzed the steelmaking end point control process, established the terminal forecast model based on DRNN type neural network, and established terminal optimization control model using improved particle swarm optimization algorithm to solve, and finally drew converter terminal optimization control strategy. Through the simulation, the optimal results show that: When the end forecast error (ω[△C]＜±0.03%), hit rate is 93.1%, and with (ω[△T]＜±12°C), hit rate is 94%, supplementary blowing oxygen time is 2.3 min, and materials resources saving 15%. For promoting the work of energy saving and emission reduction of Converter steelmaking process, it has important practical significance.
The Geometry Structure and Molecular Vibrational Property of the Zeatin
Authors: Yuan Kun , Zhu Yuan Cheng , Yang Ling Juan , Wang Zhi Bo
Published: March 2013

Zeatin belongs to the derivation of purine, and the C=C is one of the functional groups in the zeatin structure. So, there are trans- and cis- structures for the zeatin molecule. Interestingly, the trans-zeatin has biological activities, but the cis-zeatin has no obvious biological activity. The trans-zeatin is the first separated cell cytokinins from the plant tissue. And the zeatin, especially trans-zeatin has important and extensive applications in many research fields. In this study, the Geometries of the trans-zeatin and cis-zeatin were optimized by using the density function Becke, three-parameter, Lee-Yang-Parr, DFT/B3LYP/6-31G method. Additionally, FT-IR experiments were conducted for the trans-zeatin. The geometry structures and molecular vibrational property of the zeatin were simply discussed.
Comprehensive Utilization Research Progress of a High Mg Phosphate Tailings in China
Authors: Tan Zhi Dou
Published: March 2013

A high Mg phosphate tailings comprehensive utilization research is essentially leaching to remove the magnesium and phosphorus in it and eventually made containing magnesium and phosphorus or other nutrients compound fertilizer. Phosphate tailings utilization in China were introduced, focused on a high Mg phosphate tailings chemistry, phase composition and reaction characteristics and kinetics of the dissolution results. High Mg phosphate tailings comprehensive utilization to achieve industrialization needs more extensive and deeper researches.
Comprehensive Recovery of Carbon and Iron from Fly Ash
Authors: Liu Jia , Zhang Qin , Mao Song , Li Xian Hai , Zhang Shen Jun
Published: March 2013

Fly ash, which is nominally solid wastes generated during the combustion of coal, contains plenty of valuable minerals. Thus, comprehensive recovery of these valuable minerals not only solves environmental pollution problems but also realizes secondary utilization and added values increase of fly ash resources. The Joint process flow of flotation and magnetic separation was adopted in the experiments to recover carbon and iron from fly ash comprehensively, and good technical indexes had been obtained. Flotation separation was conducted on a sort of fly ash whose ignition loss was about 17%. And the ignition loss of concentrates and tailings obtained are above 55% and below 5%, respectively, which can be for further use. Based on the relatively high contents of iron in flotation tailings, magnetic separation for iron enrichment was carried on subsequently. After concentration, the content of Fe2O3 in iron concentrate is above 60%.
Impact of Pre-Desliming on Flotation of Low-Grade Zinc Oxide Ore from Lanping
Authors: Zhao Wen Juan , Liu Dian Wen , Zhang Xiao Lin , Zeng Shu Qin , Xu Guo Yin , Feng Qi Cheng
Published: March 2013

Zinc oxide ore from Lanping contained large amount of fine slime which badly deteriorated flotation performance, and it complexly intergrowed with plenty of alkaline gangues with calcium and magnesium. In order to investigate the impact of pre-desliming on flotation, experiments of direct flotation and pre-desliming flotation were carried out in the work. Finally, a zinc recovery of 88.73% with a Zn grade of 13.93% was obtained in direct flotation test, and a higher zinc recovery of 95.25% with a Zn grade of 13.56% was achieved by pre-desliming flotation. Pre-desliming flotation test was superior to direct flotation test, because of an increase of nearly 7% in zinc recovery under the condition of similar Zn grade. At the same time, dosage of sulfurization agent used in pre-desliming flotation was lower by 46.67% than that in direct flotation, which obviously improved the availability of sulfurization agent. So both product index and economic benefit were enhanced after pre-desliming.
Geological Characteristics of the Changdong-Manxu Pb-Zn Deposit in Ninger, Yunnan and its Ore-Search Prospects
Authors: Zhang Huan , Li Jun , Luo Tong Wei , Lv Wen Li
Published: March 2013

Since the 1950s, the Changdong-Manxu Pb-Zn deposit has ever been explored for ore bodies by a number of Geology Parties，On the basis of studying the regional metallogenic geological background, Geologic characteristics of the deposits, ore-controlling geological factors, they thought the deposit belongs to sedimentary transformation type stratabound lead-zinc ore deposit ,which controlled by fault structures. According to the features of ore-controlling fault features and metallogenic conditions，it is possible to find large to super-large ores inside and outside the tectonic zones of the deposit.
Mining Design Optimization Research on the Northern Section of 8 Coal Seam in West No.1 Mining Area in Pansan Mine
Authors: Wang Hua , Fang Chang Cai , Shu Yi Guo , Yang Li Xin , Jiang De Fu , Huo Li Jie
Published: March 2013

Water in Lower Aquifer of Quaternary is one of the mine water inrush sources during working faces being mining in the Northern Section of 8 Coal Seam in West No.1 Mining Area. Water flowing fractured zone, F1 fault, F22-a fault and F48 fault are main water-conducting channels in mining. According to the analysis of geology and hydrographical geology of the mine area, and combined with “Water Prevention Regulation of Coal Mines” and “Regulations of pillar leaving and coal mining under building, water, railway and mail shaft and tunnel”, stope layout was optimized, i.e. the minimum waterproof coal(rock) pillar between working face and Lower Aquifer Quaternary is 70 meter, the waterproof coal(rock) pillar between working face and F1 fault, F22-a fault, F48 fault is 70~95 meter, 70~75 meter, 80~90 meter respectively. Each shallow waterproof coal (rock) pillar of fault is narrow at the top and tends to increasingly widen at the bottom.
Investigation on Removing Acid-Consuming Gangue from a Copper Tailings by Reverse Flotation
Authors: Liu Dan , Wen Shu Ming , Xian Yong Jun , Deng Jiu Shuai
Published: March 2013

A technology route of “Reverse flotation of acid-consuming gangue minerals–Acid leaching for copper–Extracting–Electrodepositing” is proposed for recovery copper from tailings with high content of calcium oxide and high content of combined copper oxide. The effect of the main factors involving regulator dosage, collector type and dosage was investigated. On this regard, a open-circuit flotation test scheme was proceeded, by which a concentrate was obtained with 3.84% of CaO grade, 71.57% of CaO recovery, 0.82% of Cu grade and 79.76% of Cu recovery. This concentrate can be directly used for the production of sulfuric acid leaching and preparation of electrolytic copper. This technology can be used to fully utilize Cu from tailings, which will help to extend raw material sourcing for Chinese Cu industry.
Research and Industry Application of New Process of Low Copper Oxide Ore
Authors: Wen Ya , Fang Jian Jun , Mao Ying Bo , Wang Shan , Wei Zhi Cong , Song Kai Wei , Zeng Shu Qin , Jia Xiao Dong , Yuan Jing Jie
Published: March 2013

The experiments of refractory copper oxide ore which comes from Tangdan of Yunnan Province were studied in laboratory using bulk flotation process and a new process that Ammonia leaching-Extraction-Electrode position-Residue flotation under normal temperature and pressure respectively. The results show that new process, compared with bulk flotation, had an effect to add 10.8 percent points to recovery. And then it is confirmed by industry experiment. So it is successfully applied to industry production and technology indicators were improved dramatically.
Research on Scandium Recovery and Extraction Process
Authors: Xu Guo Yin , Liu Dian Wen , Wang Pu Rong , Xu Bing Liang , Zhao Wen Juan
Published: March 2013

Some methods and application status for Recovery of scandium and extraction of high purity scandium oxide from materials containing scandium were summarized . some corresponding recovery methods and extraction processes were suggested.
Reliability Analysis of Ventilation System Based on Fuzzy Fault Tree
Authors: Meng Jun
Published: March 2013

The fuzzy Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) of mine ventilation system is set up based on thorough composition of the system, with triangular fuzzy number being used as probability of elementary event and “mine ventilation system fault” being deemed as top event. In this paper, the reliability of FTA has been analyzed and applied to a mine in Gansu Province. The result shows that the minimum cut set of fault tree is 549 and the main reason why it has a huge number of minimum cut set is Level 1，Event 7，“Monitoring feedback system failure”. The reliability of top event and Level 1 event is low, and fuzzy failure probability of top event is (0.009, 0.014, 0.009), the maximum of which is 2.3% of it. The degree of fuzzy importance of elementary event is the highest in Level 1，Event 7. The maximum of fuzzy importance is 0.0843 by the normalization and the rest vary from 0.0050 to 0.0100 mostly.
Seepage Law of Gas-Containing Coal on Loading Condition
Authors: Liu Zhen , Qin Xiao Qiang , Dai Lin Chao , Hong Ting , Jia Chuan
Published: March 2013

To further study, mesoscopic percolation evolution of gas-containing coal on loading conditions, this paper uses a self-developed loading system in seepage experiments to study the permeability changes of gas-containing coal on loading conditions, and it conducts CT reconstruction scan experiments on some pressure points. The results show that the permeability of coal samples decreases with increasing axial pressure when the air inlet pressure and confining pressure remain constant. It can be drawn by observation of the coal pore three-dimensional reconstructed images that when axial pressure increases to a certain value as well as other stress conditions remain unchanged, continue to increase the axial compression, coal pores and fissures appear contraction and even close, and the permeability of coal gets a reduction.
The Pre-Controlling Technology of Spontaneous Combustion in Gutter-Up Gob for Fully Mechanized Top-Coal Caving Face
Authors: Xiao Yang , Li Shu Gang , Deng Jun , Wang Xu
Published: March 2013

In China, as popularizing the technology of fully mechanized top-coal mining and increasing the strength and depth of mining, the gutter-up gob can be formed. But the work of fire preventing and extinguishing for its coal spontaneous combustion is more complexity and difficulty. In this paper, based on geology parameters and mining practice for 93up12 fully mechanized top-coal caving face in Nantun coalmine, the form and character of gutter-up gob are analyzed. According to the hidden danger of high temperature for spontaneous combustion in the gob, we adopt the comprehension technologies of fire extinguishing and preventing which include sealing air-leakage, grouting, and injecting compound gel with fly-ash, foam of retarding oxidation, liquid carbon dioxide, and gas of nitrogen. By putting in practice the pre-controlling technology in gutter-up gob and monitoring data of target gases, it obtains a good effect and ensures the safety in production of the fully-mechanized top-coal caving face.
Fault Intelligent Diagnosis of Coal Mine Hoist Based on GCFNN
Authors: Dong Li Li , Ding Qing Qing
Published: March 2013

Equipment running subtle condition can’t be clearly expressed by clustering result of explicit affiliation in the fuzzy neural network fault diagnosis. In order to solve the problems in the present, the integration of grey clustering theory and fuzzy neural network was researched, and the fault intelligent diagnosis methods based on grey clustering fuzzy neural network (GCFNN) was proposed, the structure and the algorithm of GCFNN were designed, and the model of GCFNN was established. In coal mine hoist hydraulic subsystem fault diagnosis as an example, the feasibility and validity of the method is simulated and verified. The experiment results show that GCFNN can make a correct diagnosis, express more detailed equipment condition information. The method proposed provides basis for the maintenance of the mine hoist, and provides a new approach for the fault diagnosis of the other mine equipment.
Deep Sliding Parameter Shutdown Research on 1000MW Supercritical Unit
Authors: Pan Feng Ping , Sun Wei Peng
Published: March 2013

Shutdown in condition of sliding pressure operation can quickly make the temperature of cylinder lower, which makes it possible to shorten the repair time. This paper studies the curve of sliding parameters of 1000MW ultra-supercritical units and suggests the optimization curves and precautions for million units in the parameters of the deep sliding down. It provides a good reference to other same power plants.
Study on Running Deviation and Adjusting Deviation of Belt Conveyor's Structure Based on Synchronous Technology
Authors: Wang Xue Jun , Ding Yan Fang , Liu Hong Bin , Chi Yi Lin , Xu Ping
Published: March 2013

Belt conveyor is widely used in a variety of automated production lines and bulk material transportation is one of the most important applications. In order to improve the accuracy of the belt conveyors, it is need not only to strictly control the production crafts, more importantly, to improve the rationality of the structure and design level. Running deviation and adjusting deviation problem are important issues to be considered in a belt conveyor design process. In this study, the 3D synchronous technology of Solid Edge ST4 will be applied in the design of the belt conveyor to design a new type of anti-deviation structure. In the design process, we combine the synchronous technology with modular technology and top-down assembly modeling techniques to confirm the subject and adjust deviation. The key is the application of synchronous technology in 3D design and the new structure in Running Deviation and Adjusting Deviation. It turned out that the application of above technology can reduce design errors and avoids the repeated design, thus greatly improving the efficiency of the engineer's design. Meanwhile, the study of running deviation can make the structure of adjusting deviation come true.