bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of monthly economic losses in Wuhan under the lockdown against COVID-19
Authors: You Shibing , Wang Hengli , Zhang Miao , Song Haitao , Xu Xiaoting , Lai Yongzeng
Published: July 2020

With the outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan, aggressive countermeasures have been taken, including the implementation of the unprecedented lockdown of the city, which will necessarily cause huge economic losses for the city of Wuhan. In this paper, we attempt to uncover the interactions between epidemic prevention and control measures and economic-social development by estimating the health loss and meso-economic loss from a human-oriented perspective. We implemented a compartmental model for the transmission dynamics and health burden assessment to evaluate the health losses, then estimated the direct and indirect economic losses of industries using the Input-Output model. Based on these estimates, the first monthly health losses and meso-economic losses caused by the lockdown was assessed. The overall policy effect of the lockdown policy in Wuhan was also investigated. The health loss and meso-economic losses are used to evaluate the health burden and loss of residents’ mental health, the direct economic loss of several worst-hit industries, and the indirect economic loss of all industries, respectively. Our findings reveal that the health burden caused by this pandemic is estimated to be 4.4899 billion yuan (CNY), and the loss of residents’ mental health is evaluated to be 114.545 billion yuan, the direct economic losses in transport, logistics, and warehousing, postal service, food, and beverage service industries reach 21.6094 billion yuan, and the monthly indirect economic losses of all industries are 36.39661994 billion yuan caused by the lockdown. The total monthly economic losses during the lockdown reach 177.0413 billion yuan. However, the lockdown policy has been considered to reduce COVID-19 infections by >180 thousand, which saves about 20 thousand lives, as well as nearly 30 billion yuan on medical costs. Therefore, the lockdown policy in Wuhan has obvious long-term benefits on the society and the total economic losses will be at a controllable level if effective measures are taken to combat COVID-19.
Non-resonant inelastic X-ray scattering spectroscopy: A momentum probe to detect the electronic structures of atoms and molecules
Authors: Wang Shu-Xing , Zhu Lin-Fan
Published: July 2020

Non-resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (NRIXS) is a new technique for atomic and molecular physics that allows one to measure the electronic structures and dynamic parameters of the ground and excited states of atoms and molecules in momentum space. There is a clearly understood physical picture of NRIXS, which reveals its remarkable advantages of satisfying the first Born approximation and being able to excite dipole-forbidden transitions. Various physical properties of atoms and molecules, such as their elastic and inelastic squared form factors, optical oscillator strengths, and Compton profiles, can be explored using NRIXS under different experimental conditions. In this paper, we review newly developed experimental methods for NRIXS, together with its characteristics and various applications, with emphasis on the new insights into excitation mechanism and other new information revealed by this technique. The intrinsic connections and differences between NRIXS and fast electron impact spectroscopy are elucidated. Future applications of this method to atomic and molecular physics are also described.
Ten key issues from the Global Wetland Outlook for decision makers
Authors: Finlayson C. Max , Gardner Royal C.
Published: July 2020

We summarise the main findings of the Global Wetland Outlook (2018) about the status of wetlands, including their biota and ecosystem services, the drivers of change in wetlands, and the responses being adopted by the Ramsar Convention. The Outlook, which is the Ramsar Convention’s flagship publication, generally paints a bleak picture of wetland status. On the basis of these findings, we identify 10 key issues for decision makers to consider and recommend actions to implement so as to reverse the overall downward trends for wetlands. A switch from documenting the change in wetland biodiversity towards more emphasis on taking decisions is needed to implement effective responses and reverse the negative trends for wetlands. Although further data are needed, we contend that failure to place greater emphasis on effective responses could lead to the Convention becoming an irrelevant force for the wise use of wetlands.
Seasonal diet preferences of chital deer in the northern Queensland dry tropics, Australia
Authors: Watter Kurt , Baxter Greg , Brennan Michael , Pople Tony , Murray Peter
Published: July 2020

Chital deer (Axis axis) were introduced to the Burdekin dry tropics of north Queensland, Australia, in the late 1800s. Here rainfall and plant growth are highly seasonal and a nutritional bottleneck for grazing animals occurs annually before the wet season. This study describes the seasonal changes in diet and diet preference of chital in this seasonally-variable environment. Rumen samples were taken from 162 deer from two sites over the wet and dry seasons of two consecutive years and sorted macroscopically for identification. Relative seasonal availability of plant groups was estimated using step point sampling of areas grazed by chital. Chital alter their diet seasonally according to availability and plant phenology. Chital utilised 42 plant genera including grasses, forbs, subshrubs, shrubs, trees and litter. Grass consumption ranged from 53% of biomass intake during the dry season to 95% during the wet season. The predominance of grass in the wet season diet exceeded relative availability, indicating a strong preference. Although grass contributed more than half of the dry season diet it was the least preferred plant group, given availability, and the least actively growing. Shrubs were the preferred plant type in the dry season, and least subject to seasonal senescence. Composition and quantity of seasonal pastures vary markedly in north Queensland, and chital alter their diet by consuming those plants most actively growing. The increased dry season intake of non-grass forage appears to be a strategy to limit the detriment resulting from the progressive deterioration in the quality of grass.
Sexually transmissible infections among female sex workers in Amsterdam between 2011 and 2016: does risk vary by work location?
Authors: van Dulm Eline , Marra Elske , Kroone Michelle M. , van Dijk Anna E. , Hogewoning Arjan A. , Schim van der Loeff Maarten F.
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
Female sex workers (FSW) are at risk for sexually transmissible infections (STI). This study aimed to investigate whether the risk for chlamydia and gonorrhoea differs by work location among FSW in Amsterdam. Additionally, trends in STI positivity rates between 2011 and 2016 were assessed. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of routinely collected clinical data during STI consultations of FSW by the Prostitution and Healthcare Centre (P&G292). Work location was categorised as window prostitution, escorts/homeworkers, clubs/brothels/private houses/massage salons and other. Results: In total, 7558 STI consultations of 2529 FSW in the period 2011–16 were included. Positivity rates for chlamydia and gonorrhoea were 6.6% and 2.0%, respectively. Infectious hepatitis B virus, syphilis and HIV were diagnosed in <0.2% of consultations. Positivity rates of chlamydia and rectal gonorrhoea differed significantly by work location (P < 0.001). Genital and rectal chlamydia and rectal gonorrhoea were significantly less likely among women working in window prostitution, except for the other-group. Risk factors for STI did not vary by work location. Among women working in window prostitution, positivity rates for oropharyngeal and genital chlamydia and genital gonorrhoea were significantly decreasing between 2011 and 2016 (P trend <0.05). Conclusions: The higher STI positivity among escorts/homeworkers and FSW in clubs/brothels/private houses/massage salons emphasises the need for extra attention to improve condom use and STI testing in this group. Factors associated with STI did not vary by work location, thus interventions, including those used by P&G292, to reduce STI risk, can be used for women at all work locations.
Peer-delivered point-of-care testing for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae within an urban community setting: a cross-sectional analysis
Authors: Bell Sara F. E. , Coffey Luke , Debattista Joseph , Badman Steven G. , Redmond Andrew M. , Whiley David M. , Lemoire Jime , Williams Owain D. , Howard Chris , Gilks Charles F. , Dean Judith A.
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background
The advent of fully automated nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) technology brings new public health opportunities to provide Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) point-of-care testing (POCT) in non-traditional settings. Methods: This pilot study evaluated the integration of the CT/NG Xpert diagnostic assay into an urban peer-led community setting providing HIV and syphilis POCT. A comprehensive protocol of testing, result notification, referral and follow up, managed by peer test facilitators, was undertaken. Results: Over 67 weeks, there were 4523 occasions of CT/NG testing using urine, oropharyngeal and anorectal samples with 25.7% (803) of the 3123 unique participants returning for repeat testing. The prevalence of CT and NG was 9.5% and 5.4% respectively. Where CT and or NG infection was detected, 98.4% (604/614) of participants were successfully notified of detected infection and referred for treatment. Evaluation Survey responses (11.4%, 516/4523) indicated a substantial proportion of respondents (27.1%, 140/516) ‘would not have tested anywhere else’. Of note, 17.8% (92/516) of participants reported no previous CT/NG test and an additional 17.8% (92/516) reported testing more than 12 months ago. A total of 95.9% (495/516) of participants ‘Strongly agreed’ or ‘Agreed’ to being satisfied with the service. Conclusion: The project successfully demonstrated an acceptable and feasible model for a peer-delivered community-led service to provide targeted molecular CT/NG POCT. This model offers capacity to move beyond the traditional pathology and STI testing services and establish community-led models that build trust and increase testing rates for key populations of epidemiological significance.
Specific targeting of ovarian tumor-associated macrophages by large, anionic nanoparticles
Authors: Haber Tom , Cornejo Yvonne R. , Aramburo Soraya , Flores Linda , Cao Pengpeng , Liu Alice , Mooney Rachael , Gilchrist Megan , Tirughana Revathiswari , Nwokafor Ugochi , Abidi Wafa , Han Ernest , Dellinger Thanh , Wakabayashi Mark T. , Aboody Karen S. , Berlin Jacob M.
Published: July 2020

Significance

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are abundant in tumor microenvironments and are predominantly immunosuppressive. The ratio between immunosuppressive M2 TAMs and proinflammatory M1 TAMs correlates with worse outcomes for many cancers, including ovarian cancer. TAMs are potential targets for immunotherapy, and here we show that, when relatively large (>100-nm) anionic nanoparticles are administered intraperitoneally (i.p.), they selectively accumulate in TAMs with high efficiency (>60% of injected dose). The composition of particles that achieve this targeting appears to be quite flexible. Thus, based on our results, many formulations can now be tested for targeted immunotherapy of ovarian cancer and other cancers of the i.p. cavity.
Regulatory T cells suppress Th17 cell Ca
2+
signaling in the spinal cord during murine autoimmune neuroinflammation
Authors: Othy Shivashankar , Jairaman Amit , Dynes Joseph L. , Dong Tobias X. , Tune Cornelia , Yeromin Andriy V. , Zavala Angel , Akunwafo Chijioke , Chen Fangyi , Parker Ian , Cahalan Michael D.
Published: July 2020

Significance

Regulatory T (Treg) cells mediate immune homeostasis, aid in tissue repair, and resolve inflammation in numerous autoimmune diseases; however, little is known about the role of Treg cell motility dynamics in immunoregulation. We imaged the organization and motility patterns of endogenous Treg cells in the spinal cord together with pathogenic Th17 cells in a mouse model of neuroinflammation. Treg cells exhibit repetitive-scanning motility, which may be important in suppressing Th17 cell effector functions by inhibition of Ca
2+
signaling and by limiting their access to APCs, thus limiting their reactivation in the spinal cord. These findings will help to understand how Treg cells prevent autoimmunity and dampen immune responses, and how autoimmune diseases can be effectively targeted using Treg-based cellular therapies.
Socotra Cormorants in the Arabian Gulf: a review of breeding biology, feeding ecology, movements and conservation
Authors: Muzaffar Sabir Bin
Published: July 2020

Seabirds form important components of marine ecosystems, serving as top predators that indicate long-term stability through feeding interactions. Many species of seabirds reside within the Arabian Gulf although their role in this marine system is not well characterized. Furthermore, oil exploitation and development activities have reduced many species significantly. In this review, I use the Socotra Cormorant (Phalacrocorax nigrogularis) as an example of the biology, movement and conservation of seabirds in the Arabian Gulf. Socotra Cormorants are among the most numerically abundant seabirds residing within the Arabian Gulf. The species has a restricted range spanning from Arabian Gulf, the Gulf of Oman and south into the Gulf of Aden. They are categorized as Vulnerable by the IUCN. Between 56,800-82,800 breeding pairs occur in the United Arab Emirates on 9-12 islands. Breeding season stretches from August to December although delayed or disrupted breeding could result in breeding seasons extending to March. They feed on small forage fish including anchovies (Encrasicholina spp.) with potentially high biomass of small fish taken annually totaling to 11,000-18,000 tons annually. Foraging activities occur in coastal, shallow waters under 15m in depth. On Siniya Island in the east, migration begins in December and birds fly to the central portion of the Arabian Gulf within waters of Abu Dhabi. Summer roosting areas could be associated with movement of fish in to deeper, low-productivity waters during the harsh summers. Patterns of foraging during the breeding season and migration after breeding activities highlight areas that need protection. Future protection of the species would require coordination between different jurisdictions within UAE as well as in Oman.
Constructing and deconstructing GATA2-regulated cell fate programs to establish developmental trajectories
Authors: Johnson Kirby D. , Conn Daniel J. , Shishkova Evgenia , Katsumura Koichi R. , Liu Peng , Shen Siqi , Ranheim Erik A. , Kraus Sean G. , Wang Weixin , Calvo Katherine R. , Hsu Amy P. , Holland Steven M. , Coon Joshua J. , Keles Sunduz , Bresnick Emery H.
Published: July 2020

Stem and progenitor cell fate transitions constitute key decision points in organismal development that enable access to a developmental path or actively preclude others. Using the hematopoietic system, we analyzed the relative importance of cell fate–promoting mechanisms versus negating fate-suppressing mechanisms to engineer progenitor cells with multilineage differentiation potential. Deletion of the murine Gata2−77 enhancer, with a human equivalent that causes leukemia, downregulates the transcription factor GATA2 and blocks progenitor differentiation into erythrocytes, megakaryocytes, basophils, and granulocytes, but not macrophages. Using multiomics and single-cell analyses, we demonstrated that the enhancer orchestrates a balance between pro- and anti-fate circuitry in single cells. By increasing GATA2 expression, the enhancer instigates a fate-promoting mechanism while abrogating an innate immunity–linked, fate-suppressing mechanism. During embryogenesis, the suppressing mechanism dominated in enhancer mutant progenitors, thus yielding progenitors with a predominant monocytic differentiation potential. Coordinating fate-promoting and -suppressing circuits therefore averts deconstruction of a multifate system into a monopotent system and maintains critical progenitor heterogeneity and functionality.
Lessons of COVID-19: Virtual conferences
Authors: Houston Stephanie
Published: July 2020

COVID-19 abruptly halted scientific conferences and seminars in mid-March, forcing the scientific community to either postpone or adapt to a virtual format. We caught up with Carla V. Rothlin, Elina I. Zúñiga, Hongbo Chi, Rino Rappuoli, and Matthew Krummel to find out about the pros and cons of virtual conferences and seminars and how these could change the nature of scientific conferences. Carla (CVR) and Elina (EIZ) established Global ImmunoTalks in April this year; Hongbo (HC) helped organize the Immunometabolism Mini-Symposia series in May and June; Rino (RR) was one of the scientific organizers of the Transforming Vaccinology Keystone, which moved to a virtual format in June; and Matthew (MK) has been organizing Eco Seminars at the University of California, San Francisco since 2019.
Steel surface defect classification using multi-resolution empirical mode decomposition and LBP
Authors: Samsudin Siti Salbiah , Arof Hamzah , Harun Sulaiman Wadi , Wahab Ainuddin Wahid Abdul , Idris Mohamad Yamani Idna
Published: July 2020

In this work we introduce Multi-Resolution Empirical Mode Decomposition (MREMD) as an image decomposition method that simplifies the implementation of Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) for bidimensional data. The proposed method is used in conjunction with the local binary pattern (LBP) to classify the images of six types of defects that can be found on the surface of rolled steel. The process starts by performing MREMD on the training images to obtain the first bidimensional intrinsic mode function (BIMF). Then features are extracted from the images and their first BIMF using the LBP. These features are used to train an artificial neural network (ANN) classifier. After training, given an unknown test image containing a defect, MREMD is applied on it to obtain its first BIMF. Next, LBP features are extracted from the image and its first BIMF and these features are fed to the trained ANN classifier to assign the image to one of the six defect classes. The classification process is carried out on 900 test images of the NEU database of six types of surface defects. The approach achieves an overall accuracy that is better than the result obtained using the LBP features alone. The main contribution of this paper is the introduction of multi resolution envelope interpolation using downsampling and upsampling with a fixed window size that reduces the execution time and decrease the sensitivity of the resulting BIMFs to the positions and number of extrema in the input image.
Smart quantum dot LEDs with simulated solar spectrum for intelligent lighting
Authors: Zhao Yue , Xue Dingke , Wang Jiatong , Lu Min , Shen Xinyu , Gao Xupeng , Yu William W , Bai Xue
Published: July 2020

LED light bulbs that simulate solar spectrum were fabricated using CdSe core–shell quantum dots in combination with GaN blue-light chips. They exhibited excellent optical properties such as white CIE coordinates of (0.33, 0.33), high color rendering index (CRI) of 98 and correlated color temperature (CCT) of 5352 K. Moreover, a circuit system was used to control the LEDs so that the lighting spectrum changes with the time in a day to simulate the actual solar spectrum. The results show that the sun-like spectrum smart bulbs not only have good optical properties and high electrical stability, but also can automatically adjust their spectrum according to the time, making the lighting natural. This work makes sun-like lighting conditions for some special environments to promote the application of smart bulbs in smart lighting.
Gravitational dipole moment from an exact solution with torsion
Authors: Hammond R T
Published: July 2020

Dipole fields are common in electromagnetism and may be viewed as the result of a positive and negative charge (or pole) which are close together. A dipole field in gravity is not expected to exist because negative mass has never been observed. However, an exact solution to the gravitational field equations with torsion is presented that does correspond to a dipole gravitational field, even though there is no negative mass. The theory is based on a non-symmetric metric tensor, and it is found there is a singularity in the metric tensor at the origin but no event horizon. Gravitational dipoles have been used to solve the dark matter problem.
Effective charge from lattice QCD *
Authors: Cui Z.-F. , Zhang J.-L. , Binosi D. , De Soto F. , Mezrag C. , Papavassiliou J. , Roberts C. D. , Rodríguez-Quintero J. , Segovia J. , Zafeiropoulos S.
Published: July 2020

Using lattice configurations for quantum ​​​​​chromodynamics (QCD) generated with three domain-wall fermions at a physical pion mass, we obtain a parameter-free prediction of QCD’s renormalisation-group-invariant process-independent effective charge,

. Owing to the dynamical breaking of scale invariance, evident in the emergence of a gluon mass-scale,

GeV, this coupling saturates at infrared momenta:

. Amongst other things:

is almost identical to the process-dependent (PD) effective charge defined via the Bjorken sum rule; and also that PD charge which, employed in the one-loop evolution equations, delivers agreement between pion parton distribution functions computed at the hadronic scale and experiment. The diversity of unifying roles played by

suggests that it is a strong candidate for that object which represents the interaction strength in QCD at any given momentum scale; and its properties support a conclusion that QCD is a mathematically well-defined quantum field theory in four dimensions.
Phenomenological advantages of the normal neutrino mass ordering *
Authors: Ge Shao-Feng , Zhu Jing-yu
Published: July 2020

The preference of the normal neutrino mass ordering from the recent cosmological constraint and the global fit of neutrino oscillation experiments does not seem like a wise choice at first glance since it obscures the neutrinoless double beta decay and hence the Majorana nature of neutrinos. Contrary to this naive expectation, we point out that the actual situation is the opposite. The normal neutrino mass ordering opens the possibility of excluding the higher solar octant and simultaneously measuring the two Majorana CP phases in future

experiments. Especially, the funnel region will completely disappear if the solar mixing angle takes the higher octant. The combined precision measurement by the JUNO and Daya Bay experiments can significantly reduce the uncertainty in excluding the higher octant. With a typical

sensitivity on the effective mass

, the neutrinoless double beta decay experiment can tell if the funnel region really exists and hence exclude the higher solar octant. With the sensitivity further improved to sub-meV, the two Majorana CP phases can be simultaneously determined. Thus, the normal neutrino mass ordering clearly shows phenomenological advantages over the inverted one.
Top quark pair production at complete NLO accuracy with NNLO+NNLL′ corrections in QCD *
Authors: Czakon Michał , Ferroglia Andrea , Mitov Alexander , Pagani Davide , Papanastasiou Andrew S. , Pecjak Benjamin D. , Scott Darren J. , Tsinikos Ioannis , Wang Xing , Yang Li Lin , Zaro Marco
Published: July 2020

We describe predictions for top quark pair differential distributions at hadron colliders, by combining the next-to-next-to-leading order quantum chromodynamics calculations and next-to-leading order electroweak corrections with double resummation at the next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy of threshold logarithms and small-mass logarithms. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to present such a combination, which incorporates all known perturbative information. Numerical results are presented for the invariant-mass distribution, transverse-momentum distribution, and rapidity distributions.
QCD phase diagram at finite isospin chemical potential and temperature in an IR-improved soft-wall AdS/QCD model *
Authors: Cao Xuanmin , Liu Hui , Li Danning , Ou Guanning
Published: July 2020

We study the phase transition between the pion condensed phase and normal phase, as well as chiral phase transition in a two flavor (

) IR- improved soft-wall AdS/QCD model at finite isospin chemical potential

and temperature T. By self-consistently solving the equations of motion, we obtain the phase diagram in the plane of

and T. The pion condensation appears together with a massless Nambu-Goldstone boson

, which is very likely to be a second-order phase transition with mean-field critical exponents in the small

region. When

, the critical isospin chemical potential approximates to vacuum pion mass

. The pion condensed phase exists in an arched area, and the boundary of the chiral crossover intersects the pion condensed phase at a tri-critical point. Qualitatively, the results are in good agreement with previous studies on lattice simulations and model calculations.
2νββ-decay to first 2+ states with partial isospin symmetry restoration from spherical QRPA calculations *
Authors: Fang Dong-Liang , Faessler Amand
Published: July 2020

Using partially restored isospin symmetry, we calculate the nuclear matrix elements for a special decay mode of a two-neutrino double beta decay – the decay to the first 2+ excited states. Employing the realistic CD–Bonn nuclear force, we analyze the dependence of the nuclear matrix elements on the isovector and isoscalar parts of proton–neutron particle–particle interactions. The dependence on the different nuclear matrix elements is observed, and the results are explained. We also provide the phase space factors using numerical electron wavefunctions and properly chosen excitation energies. Finally, we present our results for the half-lives of this decay mode for different nuclei.
Single-particle resonant states with Green’s function method *
Authors: Chen Cheng , Li Zhipan , Li Yuxiao , Sun Tingting
Published: July 2020

This study employs the relativistic mean field theory with the Green's function method to study the single-particle resonant states. In contrast to our previous work [Phys. Rev. C, 90: 054321 (2014)], the resonant states are identified by searching for the poles of Green's function or the extremes of the density of states. This new approach is highly effective for all kinds of resonant states, no matter whether they are broad or narrow. The dependence on the space size for the resonant energies, widths, and the density distributions in the coordinate space has been checked and was found to be very stable. Taking 120Sn as an example, four new broad resonant states

,

,

, and

were observed, and the accuracy for the width of the very narrow resonant state

was highly improved to

MeV. Further, our results are very close to those obtained using the complex momentum representation method and the complex scaling method.
Uplifting of AdS type to quintessence-like potential induced by frozen large-scale Lorentz violation *
Authors: Zhai Hanyu , Shen Jiayin , Xue Xun
Published: July 2020

The quintessence-like potential of vacuum energy can meet the requirements from both quantum gravity and the accelerating expansion of the universe. The anti-de Sitter (AdS) vacuum in string theory must be lifted to the meta-stable dS vacuum with a positive vacuum energy density to explain the accelerating expansion of the universe. Based on possible large-scale Lorentz violation, we define an effective cosmological constant that depends not only on the bare cosmological constant but also on the Lorentz violation effect. We find that the evolution of the effective cosmological constant exhibits the behavior of the quintessence potential when the bare cosmological constant originates from the string landscape, in contrast to the existence of a local minimum during evolution when the bare cosmological constant is supplied by the swampland. The critical value of the bare cosmological constant is approximately zero for the behavior transition. The frozen large-scale Lorentz violation can uplift the AdS vacua to an effective quintessence-like one in this sense.
Electron and positron spectra in three-dimensional spatial-dependent propagation model *
Authors: Tian Zhen , Liu Wei , Yang Bo , Fu Xue-Dong , Xu Hai-Bo , Yao Yu-Hua , Guo Yi-Qing
Published: July 2020

The spatial-dependent propagation (SDP) model has been demonstrated to account for the spectral hardening of both primary and secondary Cosmic Rays (CRs) nuclei above about 200 GV. In this work, we further apply this model to the latest AMS-02 observations of electrons and positrons. To investigate the effect of different propagation models, both homogeneous diffusion and SDP are compared. In contrast to the homogeneous diffusion, SDP brings about harder spectra of background CRs and thus enhances background electron and positron fluxes above tens of GeV. Thereby, the SDP model could better reproduce both electron and positron energy spectra when introducing a local pulsar. The influence of the background source distribution is also investigated, where both axisymmetric and spiral distributions are compared. We find that considering the spiral distribution leads to a larger contribution of positrons for energies above multi-GeV than the axisymmetric distribution. In the SDP model, when including a spiral distribution of sources, the all-electron spectrum above TeV energies is thus naturally described. In the meantime, the estimated anisotropies in the all-electrons spectrum show that in contrary to the homogeneous diffusion model, the anisotropy under SDP is well below the observational limits set by the Fermi-LAT experiment, even when considering a local source.
Observational constraints on Rastall gravity from rotation curves of low surface brightness galaxies *
Authors: Tang Meirong , Xu Zhaoyi , Wang Jiancheng
Published: July 2020

Rastall gravity is a modification of Einstein's general relativity in which the energy-momentum conservation is not satisfied and depends on the gradient of the Ricci curvature. It is currently in dispute whether Rastall gravity is equivalent to general relativity (GR). In this work, we constrain the theory using the rotation curves of low surface brightness (LSB) spiral galaxies. By fitting the rotation curves of LSB galaxies, we obtain parameter

of the Rastall gravity. The

values of LSB galaxies satisfy the weak energy condition (WEC) and strong energy condition (SEC). Combining the

values of type Ia supernovae and the gravitational lensing of elliptical galaxies on Rastall gravity, we conclude that Rastall gravity may be equivalent to general relativity.
Climate adaptability construction features of a traditional thatched cottage from the Korean-Chinese in the Yanbian area
Authors: Gao Songhua , Jin Guanghu , Quan Haogaong
Published: July 2020

Traditional Korean-Chinese in the Yanbian area thatched cottages are well known to provide comfortable indoor environments using traditional heating methods, such as the Ondol, a stone slab that is used to maintain a comfortable heating level indoors. To determine the construction features for traditional Korean-Chinese thatched cottages, temperature, relative humidity, and black globe temperature were measured both indoors and outdoors to determine the heating capacity of various rooms in the building in September. Overall, the indoor temperature and relative humidity are relatively stable even when the outdoor temperatures and humidity fluctuated greatly throughout the day. The test results verified the superiority of the heating capacity of a traditional Korean-Chinese cottage.
Research On The Design Of Outdoor Play Space for Children’s Activities In Urban Area
Authors: Han Rong , Wang Yuxin , Shao Dandan
Published: July 2020

It is worth considering how to plan an outdoor play space, let the children spend a good time on it. This paper focuses on planning such a place that provides children with outdoor space in urban area. First is an analysis of the characteristics with children’s psychological activities and their way to outdoor actions, the desire in different ages. Then combining with existent problems, this paper will illustrate aspects include selection for field, separated area and elements worked out for each scene.
Hydrological Observation of Qiantang River in the River Crossing Tunnel of Metro Line 8
Authors: Zhou Hanyu , Dong Haiyang , Lu Hanzhang , Li Zongyu , Chen Fanjun
Published: July 2020

Observation on hydrological characteristics and sediment concentration were conducted in this research, and data analysis and summary were carried out on vertical tidal current flow and vertical sediment concentration. The hydrological and sediment environment of Qiantangjiang Metro Line 8 river-crossing channel was investigated.
Numerical simulation of the stability of deep roadway surrounding rock based on FLAC3D
Authors: Xiao-liang Jia
Published: July 2020

In view of the problems such as roadway section deformation caused by the roadway’s violent bottom drum, causing the roadway transportation and maintenance difficulties, the numerical simulation calculation software FLAC3D was used, and the numerical calculation was obtained, which was the vertical stress, horizontal stress distribution and plastic area distribution of the surrounding rock after the excavation of the roadway, and the analysis obtained the mechanism of the roadway bottom drum: because the weak top plate of the coal layer was disturbed by the weak top plate of the coal layer closer to the bottom of the roadway. Then the underside rock pressure of the roadway because of the bottom drum and continuous dynamic redistribution, and gradually to the right and deep development, and eventually lead to the bottom drum gradually deterioration and show left and right asymmetrical characteristics.
Upgrading project of leachate treatment station in a landfill site in Beijing
Authors: Ke Li , Xinsheng LU
Published: July 2020

The technical route and design for the upgrading the leachate treatment station of a landfill site in Beijing were systematically introduced. By strengthening the advanced treatment and introducing chemical oxidation of the effluent by sodium hypochlorite, the standard of leachate treatment effluent meets the requirements of the Beijing DB11/307-2013 “Table 1” A level emission limits. At the same time, the original system is heated and heat preservation is used to meet the stable operation of the system in winter. It provides engineering design reference for the upgrading of landfill leachate treatment.
A Study on Automatic Form Optimization Procedures of Building Performance Design Based on “Ladybug+Honeybee”
Authors: Hu Jiaxi , Wang Zhenyu , Chen Wang
Published: July 2020

This paper discusses a method for integrating parametric design with building form automatic optimization for energy-saving, specifically presenting Ladybug+Honeybee, as a representative parametric building performance analysis tool, and the design methodology that are suitable for the early stage of the building scheme phase. In this study, an ideal procedure for integration of parametric modeling and building performance analysis was developed. The procedure includes four steps: 1) parametric form definition; 2) adaptability relationship analysis; 3) automatic form optimization; 4) simulation measurement and post evaluation. Taking a coastal hotel building in hot-summer-warm-winter area as an example to explore the automatic form optimization for energy-saving.
Numerical Investigation of key design parameters impact on energy consumption of commercial complex distributed atrium in cold area of China
Authors: Zhengyu Fan , Yihua Zhang
Published: July 2020

The high energy consumption of atrium in cold area is prominent. Both single and distributed atriums have been widely employed in commercial complex buildings, while their energy consumption performance and mechanism are not the same. Currently, far too little research has been carried out over energy-saving design of distributed atrium. In this study, the typical representative archetypes of distributed atrium, including chessboard, peripheral, series and road network types, have been numerically investigated. Through the energy consumption simulations, the impact and impartance of various design parameters such as proportion, height, plane layout, has been examined. Atrium proportion, height, general layout, aggregation and uniformity can be accounted as the key design parameters of the distributed atrium design. The simulation results that with the increase of the volume of atrium, the unit energy consumption increases. Compared with other types, the surrounding atrium is more energy-saving. With the improvement of plane uniformity of atrium, the total energy consumption of building increases. This study can provide valuable reference for the design of distributed atrium in cold area.
Review of Indoor Environmental Quality Evaluation Index Based on Regional Climate Connected Green Building
Authors: Sun Yanchao , Wang Binying , Liu Denglun
Published: July 2020

This article will review and analyses the indoor environment quality indicators in the existing green building rating system, both foreign and Chinese green building standards. Based on the relevance of ‘human climate architecture’, the indoor environment quality indicators which are intuitively perceivable, health related and connected to regions and climates will be sorted out, to establish the foundation for further indoor environmental quality index classification research.
A review of the application of renewable energy in the design standard system of public buildings in China
Authors: Zhengyu Fan , Zehui Yang , Liu Yang
Published: July 2020

Energy consumption in building sector remains high. Utilizing renewable energy in buildings can help to reduce the consumption of conventional energy. Through the research on the current standard system of public building design and related literature in China, this paper classifies the main standards involved in the common design process of public building. It aims to summarize the characteristics and shortcomings of renewable energy utilization in the field of public buildings in China, and put forward some suggestions. This paper presents the main technical contents and evaluating index system of the renewable energy utilization. It can be concluded that the practical existing problems are the weak connection between renewable energy utilization and architecture design. It is suggested that consideration of renewable energy application in the whole design process should be strengthened, and development suggestions of climate and site resource and energy conditions should be added.
Compressive strength and pore structure of cement paste with metakaolin
Authors: Li Chuang , Fan Yingfang , Yu Jian
Published: July 2020

Compressive strength, Ca(OH)2 content and pore structure of cement paste with metakaolin (MK) were investigated by compressive strength test, diffraction of x-rays, nitrogen adsorption test and mercury intrusion porosimetry. The results show that the addition of MK can improve the compressive strength of cement paste, reduce the content of Ca(OH)2 of cement paste, and reduce porosity of cement paste.
Study on non-limit active earth pressure of finite soil under T mode
Authors: Jian-xu Chen , Jin-liang Zhuang
Published: July 2020

Under the T (translation) mode, the active earth pressure of the limit soil is closely related to the displacement of the retaining wall and the width of the backfill of the wall. Based on the plane sliding assumption, fully considering the influence of the width of the backfill wall and the displacement of the wall on the internal and external friction angles, a balance equation is established, and the different backfill widths of the wall under any translational displacement are derived Formula of active earth pressure. The analysis shows that the fracture angle of the soil decreases with the increase of the soil width, decreases with the increase of the displacement or decreases first and then increases; the size of the active earth pressure of the limited soil decreases with the increase of the displacement; its soil Whether the pressure distribution intersects with the Coulomb earth pressure distribution depends on the width-to-height ratio of the fill. The intersection point gradually transitions from the bottom of the wall to the top of the wall as the ratio of displacement to the limit displacement increases, only when the width-to-height ratio is not less than 0.5 and the displacement reaches the limit. The solution in this paper is approximately equal to the Coulomb solution.
Research on the restrictive factors of the development of Chinese prefabricated buildings
Authors: Cheng Dan , Ma Jianxun
Published: July 2020

Prefabricated construction is one of the development directions of green construction in China. Its characteristics of fast construction speed and low energy consumption can promote the rapid development of prefabricated buildings. This paper compares the development of prefabricated components at home and abroad. Through literature review and questionnaire survey, five main factors restricting the development of prefabricated buildings are determined. After that, with the government and the market as the main body, the paper puts forward countermeasures to promote the development of prefabricated buildings from demand, technology, cost and other aspects.
Carbon emission modeling and analysis of building materialization process
Authors: Luo W J , Ma X C , Meng C Y , Xu L J , Tsou J Y , Yang S L , Mao Z C
Published: July 2020

The environmental properties of building assembly and recycled concrete are becoming highly related to the theme of the construction industry developments. Therefore, in order to account for the reduction effect of greenhouse gas arising from the combination of such two techniques, the building materialization process is divided into fabrication stage, transport stage, and site operation stage, and the calculation model for the assembled monolithic recycled concrete structures, ordinary assembled monolithic concrete structures, and cast-in-place concrete structures is established. Analyses and comparisons on the cases in Chongqing can be conducted owing to the model. The research results show that from the perspective of the entire materialization process, OAMCS can save 25.94% of carbon emissions compared to CCS per cubic meter of components, while AMRCS can further save 8.5% of carbon emissions compared to OAMCS per cubic meter of components, which can provide basic data for emission reduction and facilitate integration of the two techniques.
On the Renovation of Energy-saving Technology of Universities Teaching Buildings in the Cold Regions
Authors: Chen Li sheng
Published: July 2020

At present, construction industry march toward energy saving and environmentally friendly. Renovation of energy-saving technology of universities teaching buildings are on the track. However, particular measures should be taken to deal with the unusual natural environment in the cold regions. Based on the paper will mainly study the importance of the Renovation of energy-saving technology of universities teaching buildings discuss, the difficulties during the execution and analyze the specific means.
Effect of Building Form on Energy Consumption of Academic Library Buildings in Different Climate Zones in China
Authors: Deng Xinmei , Wang Mengyuan , Sun Dongxian , Fan Zhengyu
Published: July 2020

This research focuses on the energy efficiency of academic library buildings with their shape in four major climate zones in China. According to their varieties in shapes and their representativeness in current constructions, eight hypothetical models of four types (point, slab, block, comb) are built based on the form of actual academic library buildings in recent years. The relationship between the building forms and building energy consumption is simulated and analysed with the software Design Builder. Results show that with the same construction area, different building forms can lead to variations in energy consumption in different climate zones. The slab-type is relatively energy-saving in most climate zones, while the block-type and E-shaped comb-type are more suitable for hot summer and warm winter zone. The building shape coefficient is an important parameter for reducing energy consumption in severe cold and cold zone, but the role of building depth is also sensitive. This information is dedicated to the architects at the early design stage of a project from the perspective of energy consumption.
Application of peanut biochar as admixture in cement mortar
Authors: Han Tianhao
Published: July 2020

Nowadays, waste problem has become critical because of the increasing of population, so how to manage them is an important issue. Due to high content of carbon in daily waste, some researchers pyrolyzed these materials to make biochar which can be used in many fields. In civil engineering filed, concrete has become the main material used to build most of buildings, due to its excellent performance and low cost. As the main component of concrete, the using of mortar cement is a large number. Thus, this study aimed to research some information about peanut biochar which were from normal daily waste and measure some parameters about peanut biochar, then explored the feasibility of replacing part of mortar cement by peanut biochar.

This study researched different percentage mixing of peanut biochar (1%,3%) in cement mortar and measured some properties such as compressive strength to check the feasibility of using biochar in cement mortar under water curing. In these tests, mixing peanut biochar also can improve the 7-day and 28-day density of cement mortar. Meanwhile, 1% and 3% addition of peanut biochar in cement mortar does not perform an obvious improvement in 7-day compress strength, but a slight increase happens in 28-day compressive strength about these two different percentage of mixing. From these results, peanut biochar can be a replacement to mix into mortar cement.
Research on Comprehensive Energy Management System Technology
Authors: Jing Yiwen
Published: July 2020

This paper studies the research status of the energy internet and integrated energy management platform, the analysis of the improvement of energy efficiency and economic efficiency of clean energy of distributed power, and the establishment of mathematical models for some parts of the energy management system and analysis to evaluate different types of pluripotent complementary system of comprehensive benefits, from the three-dimensional aspects of economic, environmental and other aspects of system security level and the establishment of systems for comprehensive benefit evaluation system, and the various indicators and correlation tests standardization process. The case analysis of the proposed model is carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed evaluation model and the comprehensive benefits of the multi-energy complementary system in the park.