bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
State and prospects of microirrigation’ application in the context of climate change
Authors: Romashchenko M. I. , Shatkovskyi A. P. , Vasiuta V. V. , Zhuravlov O. V. , Usatyi S. V. , Usata L. G. , Ovchatov I. M.
Published: January 2021

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state, reasonably promising directions for the development of microirrigation methods in Ukraine through the prism of climatic transformations. The dynamics of the areas of agricultural crops irrigated using microirrigation methods in the world and in Ukraine, as well as the structure of the areas of micro-irrigation in the context of regions of Ukraine and types of crops are shown. The largest agricultural enterprises, which are domestic leaders in the introduction of microirrigation methods, equipment manufacturers and suppliers of technical means of microirrigation, have been identified. The current stage of development of microirrigation in Ukraine is defined as a level of high understanding of technologies of its application and constantly growing use of opportunities and expansion of spheres of application of these methods of irrigation. The essential importance of domestic research institutions in the development and popularization of microirrigation methods is emphasized. With the use of theoretical methods of scientific research (analysis and synthesis, comparison, classification and generalization), the most significant scientific results of IWPaLM NAAS are systematized and a list of prepared regulatory and methodological documents in the direction of microirrigation is given. The need of Ukraine in microirrigation systems for agricultural crops for the period up to 2030 is given, trends and promising directions for the development of microirrigation methods that correspond to both the global trend of environmentally friendly irrigation and the principles of resource and energy conservation are given. The importance of state support for the introduction of microirrigation methods in terms of increasing the amount of budgetary allocations under the existing programs of state support for the agricultural sector of the Ukrainian economy is determined.
Understanding Peacebuilding and State Building: Post-Conflict African Challenges
Authors: Bereketeab Redie
Published: January 2021

The article examines peacebuilding and state building in post-conflict situation in Africa.
System dynamic modeling of risk management in construction projects: A systematic literature review
Authors:   Mercu Buana University, Indonesia, Wardito Endit , Purba Humiras Hardi ,   Mercu Buana University, Indonesia, Purba Aleksander ,   Lampung University, Indonesia
Published: January 2021

This literature review discusses risk management research with System Dynamic modeling. Literature is reviewed by summarizing the research that has been done and examining research findings, research relationships, and research problems that require further research. The risk management paper with System Dynamic modeling (2000-2020) is reviewed by dividing risk into 3 groups, namely: internal risk, external risk, and project risk. Each group is further divided into technical risks and non-technical risks. The results of the study stated that risk management with System Dynamic modeling has not been widely used as evidenced by research (2000-2020); there are only 25 papers that match the keywords and can be written reviews. Ten internal risk papers include: project members, location risk, document risk & information. External risk papers are only found in 2 papers that discuss: weather risk and social risk, while the project risks are found in 13 papers discussing: cost risk, time risk, work quality risk, and construction risk.
Breast Cancer Survivors' Compliance to Personal Training Versus Group-Based Exercise
Authors: Hidde Mary C. , Bandera Victoria , Covington Kelley R. , Jankowski Catherine M. , Leach Heather J.
Published: January 2021

Background: This study reports on breast cancer survivors' compliance to the exercise prescription (ExRx) of a personal training (PT) or group-based (GB) exercise intervention.

Methods: Breast cancer survivors who had completed chemotherapy and/or radiation within the previous year were randomly assigned to PT or GB. All participants completed supervised aerobic and resistance training sessions twice per week for 8 weeks. Compliance to aerobic and resistance exercise intensity (i.e., % heart rate reserve, and % 1-repetition maximum [1-RM]) and aerobic exercise duration ExRx is reported, and average aerobic and resistance exercise intensity was calculated. Independent t tests compared percent compliance and average intensity between PT and GB. The proportion of participants above or below ExRx was examined using frequencies.

Results: ExRx compliance ranged from 64% to 98%. Compliance to aerobic exercise intensity and duration was higher in PT than GB (P < 0.05). Average upper body resistance training exercise intensity was higher in PT (73% 1-RM) vs GB (56% 1-RM) (P = 0.01). Noncompliance to aerobic ExRx was more commonly due to intensity or duration below the ExRx. Noncompliance to resistance training ExRx was distributed equally above or below ExRx.

Conclusion: Compliance to aerobic ExRx and average upper body resistance training intensity was higher in PT, suggesting that exercise professionals in GB settings should consider closely monitoring breast cancer survivors' adherence to ExRx.
Health Protocol Sanctions in Sorong Mayor Regulation Number 17 of 2020
Authors: R. A. Sakti Ramdhon Syah
Published: January 2021

This study aims to analyze the legal sanctions for public health protocols in Article 7 of Sorong Mayor's Regulation Number 17 of 2020. The type of research used in this study is a type of juridical normative research which is analyzed qualitatively with a statutory approach. The results of this study indicate that the sanctions in the form of monetary fines as stipulated in Article 7 paragraph (2) letter a do not have a firm legal basis, and tend to have the potential to disrupt economic activities to improve people's welfare, especially in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Pembelajaran Menulis Umpasa (Pantun) dalam Bahasa Batak Toba
Authors: Pasaribu Bella Novitria
Published: January 2021

Kebudayaan yang ada di Indonesia sangat beragam dan banyak sekali keunikan yang ditemukan. Diperlukan pelestarian kebudayaan agar tidak terjadi yang namanya punah. Budaya merupakan bagian dari diri masyarakat Indonesia. Salah satunya adalah warisan budaya dari suku Batak toba, yaitu Umpasa. Pantun dalam bahasa Batak Toba ini perlu ditelusuri atau dikaji kembali agar tetap bisa terjaga keberadaannya dan bisa diturunkan ke generasi-generasi selanjutnya. Umpasa merupakan bagian dari sastra lisan. Masyarakat Batak Toba biasanya menuturkan umpasa pada acara-acara adat, seperti acara adat pernikahan, kematian, acara adat memasuki rumah, dan lain sebagainya. Sama halnya dengan pantun, umpasa juga memiliki ciri-ciri yang membangun terbentuknya sebuah umpasa. Bedanya adalah pantun di kaji dalam bahasa Indonesia, sedangkan umpasa menggunakan bahasa Batak Toba.
Temporal Clustering of Disorder Events During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Campedelli Gian Maria , D'Orsogna Maria Rita
Published: January 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has unleashed multiple public health, socio-economic, and institutional crises. Measures taken to slow the spread of the virus have fostered significant strain between authorities and citizens, leading to waves of social unrest and anti-government demonstrations. We study the temporal nature of pandemic-related disorder events as tallied by the "COVID-19 Disorder Tracker" initiative by focusing on the three countries with the largest number of incidents, India, Israel, and Mexico. By fitting Poisson and Hawkes processes to the stream of data, we find that disorder events are inter-dependent and self-excite in all three countries. Geographic clustering confirms these features at the subnational level, indicating that nationwide disorders emerge as the convergence of meso-scale patterns of self-excitation. Considerable diversity is observed among countries when computing correlations of events between subnational clusters; these are discussed in the context of specific political, societal and geographic characteristics. Israel, the most territorially compact and where large scale protests were coordinated in response to government lockdowns, displays the largest reactivity and the shortest period of influence following an event, as well as the strongest nationwide synchrony. In Mexico, where complete lockdown orders were never mandated, reactivity and nationwide synchrony are lowest. Our work highlights the need for authorities to promote local information campaigns to ensure that livelihoods and virus containment policies are not perceived as mutually exclusive.
Komunikasi Guru dengan Siswa Membangun Motivasi Belajar Siswa
Authors: Vitasari Wulan
Published: January 2021

Jika terjadi sebuah jalinan kasih sayang, cinta, ikatan, dan pemahaman satu sama lain dalam sebuah keluarga, membentuk keluarga yang harmonis tidak lain tidak bukan adalah keuntungan dalam menjalin komunikasi yang baik. Komunikasi yang baik memberikan hal yang bermanfaat, bermanfaat bagi banyak orang dan tentunya bermanfaat untuk diri sendiri. Dengan berkomunikasi dapat mengetahui perasaan orang lain yang sedang dekat dengan kita, apakah orang tersebut mempunyai kualitas perasaan yang tinggi terhadap diri kita sendiri. Oleh sebab itu, tidak mungkin seseorang merasakan cinta dan kasih sayang jika tidak menjalin komunikasi yang baik, bahkan bisa dikatakan harmonis. Kalimat-kalimat yang diucapkan membuat seseorang yang merasakan cinta dan kasih sayang tentunya memiliki perasaan nyaman. Sungguh, betapa pentingnya menjalin komunikasi, tidak kenal maka tidak sayang, oleh sebab itu mari kita saling mengenal dengan cara menjalin komunukasi yang hangat dan baik.
STRATEGI GURU DALAM MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN SISWA MELALUI PENULISAN PANTUN
Authors: Astutin2505 Liya
Published: January 2021

Pendidikan merupakan wadah dalam menjalani sebuah kehidupan. Apalagi hidup ditanah melayu yang kental akan adatnya, salah satunya warisan adat dari nenek moyang yang masih terjaga kelestarianya adalah pantun. Dalam kehidupan orang melayu khususnya daerah riau, pantun bukan hanya digunakan pada waktu acara resmi saja melainkan digunakan dalam kegiatan sehari-hari. Pantun dapat digunakan bagi kalangan anak-anak, remaja, hingga orang dewasa. Sebagai alat pemelihara bahasa dan seni, pantun juga berfungsu sebagai penjaga fungsi kata dan kemampuan dalam menjaga alur berfikir. Pantun melatih seseorang untuk berfikir tentang makan berkata sebelum berujar. Sebagai mahasiswa program studi pendidikan bahasa dan sastra indonesia sudah selayaknya ikut serta dalam melestarikan adat melayu yang dapat dijunjung tinggi diberbagai mancanegara.
Karakteristik guru yang efektif dalam pembelajaran
Authors: Marnelizah Mona
Published: January 2021

Dalam proses belajar mengajar sering kali muncul pertanyaan “Apakah mengajar merupakan sebuah seni atau ilmu pasti?”. Hal ini disebabkan karena mengajar tidak hanya sebatas menyampaikan materi pelajaran, suatu hal yang dapat dilakukan secara sama antara satu guru dengan yang lainnya. Mengajar akan menampilkan kepribadian, spontanitas, dan emosi seorang guru yang berhubungan dengan “ketrampilan seni” (artistry) seseorang dalam mengajar dan mencipta. Dengan kata lain guru berperan untuk membentuk apakah siswa akan menjadi seniman, politikus, guru, atau memiliki ketrampilan lainnya yang disesuaikan dengan kemampuan dan keunikan masing- masing siswa.
Langkah-langkah Uji Validitas Dan Realibilitas Instrumen Dengan Menggunakan SPSS
Authors: Arsi Andi , HERIANTO H.
Published: January 2021

Artikel Uji Validitas dan Uji Reabilitas dengan SPSS ini menggunakan kolerasi product moment. Validitas dan Reliabilitas bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana kuesiner yang dibuat tepat dan dapat di andalkan untuk sebuah penelitian. Sebelum kita melakukan pengujian baiknya kita ketahui terlebih dahulu apa dan bagaimana suatu kuesioner bisa dikatakan valid dan reliabel. Uji validitas dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat kevalidan dari instrumen (kuesioner) yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data yang diperoleh dengan cara mengkorelasi setiap skor variable jawaban responden dengan total skor masing-masing variabel, kemudian hasil korelasi dibandingkan dengan nilai kritis pada taraf siginifikan 0,05 dan 0,01 .
MANAJEMEN DISTRIBUSI KOMODITAS HARGA BAHAN PANGAN DI INDONESIA DENGAN METODE LEAST COST
Authors: Salsabila Nafila , tannady hendy
Published: January 2021

Penyelenggaraan Makanan Institusi/massal (SPMI/M) adalah penyelenggaraan makanan yangdilakukan dalam jumlah besar atau massal. Batasan mengenai jumlah yang diselenggarakan disetiap negara bermacam-macam, sesuai dengan kesepakatan masing – masing serta akan melaluiproses panjang dalam penyelenggaraan pori makanan tersebut. Permasalahan transportasi yangberhubungan dengan distribusi barang dan jasa dari berbagai sentra produksi ke beberapa lokasipenjualan. Pendistribusian memegang peran penting karena tanpa adanya pola distribusi yangtepat, maka proses pendistribusiannya dapat memakan biaya yang tinggi dan waktu yang relatiflama. Salah satu solusi program linear dalam pendistribusian barang adalah dengan menggunakanmetode transportasi, supaya pendistribusian barang berjalan seefektif mungkin denganpengalokasian biaya yang minimum. Metode Least Cost merupakan salah satu teknik solusi dalamtransportasi. Metode ini didasarkan pada aturan atau pengalokasian normatif dari persediaan dankebutuhan sumber dalam suatu matriks transportasi tanpa perhitungan besar-besaran ekonomis.
Upaya Peningkatan Mutu Pendidikan Sekolah
Authors: Firnando Atno
Published: January 2021

Di dalam konteks pendidikan, pengertian kualitas atau mutu dalam hal ini mengacu pada proses pendidikan dan hasil pendidikan. Dari konteks “proses” pendidikan yang berkualitas terlibat berbagai input (seperti bahan ajar: kognitif, afektif dan, psikomotorik), metodologi (yang bervariasi sesuai dengan kemampuan guru), sarana sekolah, dukungan administrasi dan sarana prasarana dan sumber daya lainnya serta penciptaan suasana yang kondusif. Dengan adanya manajemen sekolah, dukungan kelas berfungsi mensingkronkan berbagai input tersebut atau mensinergikan semua komponen dalam interaksi (proses) belajar mengajar, baik antara guru, siswa dan sarana pendukung di kelas atau di luar kelas, baik dalam konteks kurikuler maupun ekstra-kurikuler, baik dalam lingkungan substansi yang akademis maupun yang non akademis dalam suasana yang mendukung proses belajar pembelajaran.
On the optimistic performance evaluation of newly introduced bioinformatic methods
Authors: Buchka Stefan , Hapfelmeier Alexander , Gardner Paul P , Wilson Rory , Boulesteix Anne-Laure
Published: January 2021

Most research articles presenting new data analysis methods claim that “the new method performs better than existing methods”, but the veracity of such statements is questionable. Our manuscript discusses and illustrates consequences of the optimistic bias occurring during the evaluation of novel data analysis methods, that is, all biases resulting from, for example, selection of datasets or competing methods; better ability to fix bugs in a preferred method; and selective reporting of method variants. We quantitatively investigate this bias using a topical example from epigenetic analysis: normalization methods for data generated by the Illumina HumanMethylation450K BeadChip microarray.
Perceived COVID-19 risk is attenuated by ingroup trust: Evidence from three empirical studies
Authors: Cruwys Tegan , Stevens Mark , Donaldson Jessica L , Cardenas Diana , Platow Michael J. , Reynolds Katherine J , Fong Polly
Published: January 2021

Background: The social identity model of risk taking proposes that people take more risks with ingroup members because they trust them more. While this can be beneficial in some circumstances, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic it has the potential to undermine an effective public health response if people underestimate the risk of contagion posed by ingroup members, or overestimate the risk of vaccines or treatments developed by outgroup members. Methods: Three studies (two prospective surveys, one experiment) with community-based adults tested the potential for the social identity model of risk taking to explain risk perception and risk taking in the context of COVID-19. Results: Study 1 was a two-wave study with a pre-COVID baseline, and found that people who identified more strongly as a member of their neighborhood pre-COVID tended to trust their neighbors more, and perceive interacting with them during COVID-19 lockdown to be less risky. Study 2 (N=2033) replicated these findings in a two-wave nationally representative Australian sample. Study 3 (N=216) was a pre-registered experiment which found that people indicated greater willingness to take a vaccine, and perceived it to be less risky, when it was developed by an ingroup compared to an outgroup source. We interpret this as evidence that the tendency to trust ingroup members more could be harnessed to enhance the COVID-19 response. Conclusions: Across all three studies, ingroup members were trusted more and were perceived to pose less health risk. These findings are discussed with a focus on how group processes can be more effectively incorporated into public health policy, both for the current pandemic and for future contagious disease threats.
A longitudinal study of mental wellbeing in students that transition into PhD study
Authors: Scarf Damian , Winter Taylor , Riordan Benjamin , Hunter John , Tustin Karen , Gollop Megan , Taylor Nicola , Kokaua Jesse , Poulton Richie
Published: January 2021

Journal editorials, career features, and the popular press, commonly talk of a graduate student mental health crisis. To date, studies on graduate student mental health have employed cross-sectional designs, limiting any causal conclusions regarding the relationship between graduate student and mental health. Here, we present the first longitudinal study on mental health in PhD students. Data were drawn from a longitudinal study of undergraduate students in New Zealand, allowing us to compare students who did, and did not, transition into PhD study following the completion of their undergraduate degree. Using multilevel Bayesian regression, we detected a 0.09 standard deviation decrease in mental health for students who enter PhD study. This finding is orders of magnitude smaller than one might expect based on previous cross-sectional research and provide an important message; that poor mental health is not an inevitable consequence of graduate study.
Neuroscience of the Yogic Theory of Mind and Consciousness
Authors: Tripathi Vaibhav , Bharadwaj Pallavi
Published: January 2021

Yoga as a practice and philosophy of life has been followed for more than 4500 years with known evidence of Yogic practices in the Indus Valley Civilization. A plethora of scholars have contributed to the development of the field, but in last century the profound knowledge remained inaccessible and incomprehensible to the general public. Last few decades have seen a resurgence in the utility of Yoga and Meditation as a practice with growing scientific evidence behind it. Significant scientific literature has been published, illustrating the benefits of Yogic practices including asana, pranayama and dhyana on mental and physical well being. Electrophysiological and recent functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) studies have found explicit neural signatures for Yogic practices. In this article, we present a review of the philosophy of Yoga, based on the dualistic Sankhya school, as applied to consciousness summarized by Patanjali in his Yoga Sutras followed by discussion on the five vritti (modulations of mind), practice of pratyahara, dharana, dhyana, different states of samadhi, and samapatti. We introduce Yogic Theory of Mind and Consciousness (YTMC), a cohesive theory that can model both external modulations and internal states of the mind. We propose that attention, sleep and mind wandering should be understood as unique modulatory states of the mind. YTMC allows us to model the external states, internal states of meditation, samadhi and even the disorders of consciousness. Further, we list some testable neuroscientific hypotheses that could be answered using YTMC, analyse the benefits, outcomes and possible limitations.
The Curious Case of Left-Wing Authoritarianism: When Authoritarian Persons Meet Anti-Authoritarian Norms
Authors: Conway Lucian Gideon , McFarland James , Costello Thomas H , Lilienfeld Scott Owen
Published: January 2021

Left-Wing Authoritarianism (LWA) has a controversial history in psychology. Some researchers have expressed skepticism about the existence of LWA, whereas others have argued that LWA is a valid construct. In the present article, we offer a framework to reconcile these two perspectives by proposing that ideologically-based authoritarian norms are sometimes in conflict with the processes that create authoritarian individuals. In Western political contexts, authoritarian norms are more likely to occur on the conservative side of the political spectrum; but authoritarian persons can occur in both conservatives and liberals. In our model, left-wing authoritarians thus often occupy the space where forces influencing authoritarianism are in conflict. We review existing evidence related to the model, derive four hypotheses from the model, and discuss criteria for falsifying the model. We conclude by considering the model’s place in current research on the complexities of ideology.
Knowing me, knowing us: Personal and collective self-awareness enhances authentic leadership and leader endorsement
Authors: Steffens Niklas K , Wolyniec Nathan , Okimoto Tyler , Mols Frank , Haslam S. Alex , Kay Adam
Published: January 2021

In the present research, we examine how two aspects of leader self-awareness — namely, leader awareness of their (a) personal identity and (b) collective (group) identity — influence perceptions of authentic leadership and leader endorsement. Study 1 provides experimental evidence that (a) leader personal self-awareness has a somewhat stronger impact on perceptions of their authentic leadership than leader collective self-awareness, but that (b) leader collective self-awareness self has a stronger impact on leader endorsement. These findings are replicated in a second field study with political leaders, and in a third experimental study with workplace supervisors. Results suggest that for leaders to seen as authentic and garner support, they need to be seen as aware not only of who they are as individuals, but also of who they are as members of the collective they seek to lead. Implications for theories of the nature of self, authenticity, and leadership are discussed.
About the combinatorics of language, politics and identity
Authors: Mukhamyarov Nail , Yanush Olga
Published: January 2021

The article discusses the conceptual ways of interaction of cognitive structures reflecting the diverse forms of co-presence of the phenomena of language, identity and politics in their peculiar combinatorics – variants of compatibility in both ontological and epistemological senses. The types of conjugation of linguistic functioning (communicative practices and situations, individual and group behavior) with relations about identity and with political dimensions that arise on this basis, form a complex with a multilateral turnover of roles. Analytical reflections in this area, understandably, also form a fragmented and even polarized picture. On one flank, such conjugation is interpreted in the spirit of isomorphism (in the logic of mutual substitution and unambiguous mapping), in the form of a synthesis, which is based on a certain general ascriptive nature, or essentialist principles of understanding. Identity is set even before identification is attempted, and language is present as an attribute, that is, inseparable. The diametrical position lies in the divergence of language and identity, since the abstract vision of “language” as a system does not at all presuppose a conscious unity of the participants in communication and the carriers of verbal behavior. In the “middle” zone, there is a wide range of judgments regarding the fact that language and identity can interact at the level of modi (but not attributes). Linguistic subjectivity reflects both the motivation for mutual understanding (communicative function) and the need for identification. This leads to logical consequences – languages and identity touch in the plane of the symbolic, and political influence can occur both in terms of traditionally understood language policy, and language politics. The article is distinguished by significantly less institutionalization, the absence of “hard” formal procedural grounds and decisions. Semantic properties in this case suggest a much wider agent composition, and multilevel structures (macro-, meso- and microscales). The expediency of analytical development of this type of politics is associated with the possibility of flexible response to the correlation of language and politics in their situational dynamics, including at the “grassroots” level.
Problems of virtual religious identity
Authors: Romanova Anna , Chernichkin Dmitriy
Published: January 2021

In the modern world, religious identity continues to be one of the most important markers of a person's place in society. However, it is no longer just a mandatory prescribed identity, but actively transgresses under the influence of numerous problems of the modern world. By transgression of religious identity, the authors of the article understand its transformation, both in the direction of changing the level of religiosity as the confessional affiliation. This transgression is associated with a number of social factors – globalization, constant migration processes, value changes, and active spiritual search. With the advent of virtual space and virtual identity, there is another vector of transgression – towards the virtualization of religiosity. The main purpose of this article is to identify and systematize the main problems, related to the influence of virtual religious space on the transgression of religious identity in the real world and the formation of a new type – virtual religious identity. The main method is complex analysis. The article shows that problems with virtual religious identity begin at the categorical level, since they reflect the diversity of vectors of transgressive processes. In modern society, the transgression of religious identity is becoming a frequent phenomenon and variable, since a modern person can change both their religious affiliation and the nature of their religiosity several times during their life. But only virtual space offers unlimited possibilities-from the creation of new religious virtual associations to the appearance of many new fantasy religious identities. The main problem of further development of virtual identity will be the transformation of the level of sacredness, which will either lead to further secularization of the virtual religious space – or to the search for new forms of virtual sacredness.
Unresolved problems in the theory of state identity policy in Russian political science
Authors: Popova Olga
Published: January 2021

The article analyzes the state of research of the state policy of identity in Russian political science as one of the most significant in the theoretical and political-practical terms of the topics of interdisciplinary body of knowledge about identity. The author shows two stages in the development of this issue in Russian political science, brings evidence of the institutionalization of this area of research. The article provides an overview of the scientific landscape of Russian research on the problem of state policy of identity, uncovers the strengths and weaknesses, as well as the stages of the formation of this topic, and determines the most significant discrepancies in the views of Russian researchers. Special attention has been given to the problem of the relationship between civil and national-state identity as a result of the implementation of the state policy of identity, the change in the role of traditional social and political institutions in this process. The problems of reducing the role of traditional and political institutions in the process of forming the political attitudes of citizens are stressed. The paper cites selected excerpts from expert interviews to confirm the differences in the views of scientists. The author focuses on the systemic problems of the development of modern Russian political science, which limit the possibilities of development of its individual directions. Among them there are unjustified subjective feelings of the seconddary nature of research and theoretical attitudes of Russian scientists, unfounded popularization of certain topics, “fashion” for specific scientific approaches, the development of citation practices on the “regional” principle. In addition, the results of the developments of scientists are in demand in real politics, which can also have its side negative effects, for example, in the form of the development of ideas about the fundamental possibility of forming a unified national-state identity with given parameters in large social groups and political communities.
Regime and state breakdown: dissolution of the Soviet Union
Authors: Haiting Fei
Published: January 2021

The mechanism of causality between the breakdown of political regime and the disintegration of a state is an important topic in political science. The dissolution of the Soviet Union is a typical example. The aim of perestroika was the transformation of the political regime by renewing the top elite and inclusion of mass groups in the system of government. The initiators of the reform planned to achieve their goals through the general reconstruction of relations between the CPSU and the Soviet state, the redistribution of power from the party elite to the Soviet one concentrated in the Councils of People’s Deputies at various levels. In practice, the implementation of two reforms at once (distancing the party from the authorities and optimizing governance) led to the split of the entire political elite. The struggle of opposing elite groups for dominance led to the paralysis of state power, the loss of control over what was happening in the country. As a result, the interests of elite groups began to prevail over the national interests and ultimately led to the destruction of the state. Thus the authorsubstantiates the thesis that the destabilization of a regime as a result of the inter-elite struggle leads to the destruction of a state. The problem of elite renewal and consolidation and the transfer powers from the party elite to the state one becomes important.
यौनिकताका कोणबाट ‘आवरण’ उपन्यासको विश्लेषण Yaunikataka Konbata "Aabaran" Upanyasko Vishleshan
Authors: खनाल Khanal राजेन्द्र Rajendra
Published: January 2021

प्रस्तुत लेख यौनिकताको सैद्धान्तिक स्वरूप निर्माण गरी त्यसका आधारमा ‘आवरण’उपन्यासको विश्लेषणमा केन्द्रित छ । यस लेखमा विपरीत लिङ्गी, समलिङ्गी, द्विलिङ्गी,अन्तरलिङ्गी तथा परिवर्तित लिङ्गी यौनिकताको सैद्धान्तिक स्वरूप प्रस्तुत गरिएको छ ।प्रस्तुत लेखमा उपन्यासका लैङ्गिक तथा यौनिक सन्दर्भहरूको सोदाहरण विश्लेषण गरीनिष्कर्षात्मक मूल्याङ्कनसमेत गरिएको छ । आवरण उपन्यास यौनिक तथा लैङ्गिक हिंसाखेप्न बाध्य तेस्रो लिङ्गीहरूका समस्यामा आधारित छ । उपन्यासका तेस्रो लिङ्गी रअन्य पात्रहरूको स्वभाव तथा प्रवृत्ति गतिशील छ । उपन्यासमा यौनिक अल्पसङ्ख्यकप्रतिअभिभावक तथा समाजको सकारात्मक बुझाइ हुनुपर्ने, तिनको जैविक अवस्थाको विशेषख्याल गर्दै सम्मानपूर्ण व्यवहार गर्नुपर्ने पक्षतर्पm सङ्केत गरिएको छ । कृतिमा वैचारिकपरिवर्तन, जिम्मेवारीबोध तथा स्वीकारलाई प्रस्तुत गर्दै तेस्रो लिङ्गीहरूलाई मूल प्रवाहीकरणगरिएको छ ।
Food Security in Nepal: A Review
Authors: Chemjong Badal , KC Yadav
Published: January 2021

Nepal has improved food security situation in recent years, but still considered as a poor country in the world. The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the food security situation in Nepal. Food insecurity in Nepal has been associated with susceptibility to natural disasters, such as drought, governance, earthquake, floods, and landslides, vulnerability to fluctuations in global prices, civil turmoil, disease and poor infrastructures. Pandemic COVID-19 is degrading the daily life of the people and driving to food insecurity in the country. Mostly western Nepal and Terai region seems to be more vulnerable to disasters and food insecurity. In Nepal, 4.6 million people are food-insecure, with 20 percent of household mildly food-insecure, 22 percent moderately food-insecure and 10 percent severely food-insecure. This problem needs to be solved by a clear and sound policies and strategy by putting natural resources conservation in consideration.
КОНФЛИКТ КАПИТАЛА И «ЖИВОГО ТРУДА» В ФИЛОСОФИИ ПОСТОПЕРАИЗМА
Authors: Наумова Е. И.
Published: January 2021

This article is about the key problem of the conflict between «living» labour and capital which is connected with the reflection of relevant tendency of capitalism development. In contrast to Marx’s thesis on expansion of «living» labour by capital, Post-operaists postulate the autonomy of affective labor from capital that allows to present the concept of «multitude» as critical in relation to the contemporary forms of capitalism development. The purpose of this article is to show the conflict character of both of these approaches and emphasize heuristic potential of this antagonism for the analysis of relevant forms of capitalism development.
Assédio nas plataformas digitais: estudo das relações de trabalho das jornalistas no MA
Authors: Bueno Thaísa , Carvalho Michelly , Amorim Janaina Lopes
Published: January 2021

Resumo: Este artigo trata da midiatização do assédio sofrido por jornalistas nas redações de Imperatriz (MA). O objetivo foi compreender o papel das plataformas digitais nas situações de assédio, já que em levantamento exploratório verificou-se que todas tinham vivido esse tipo de violência no cumprimento de suas funções. Foram ouvidas 19 jornalistas. Conclusivamente, a pesquisa mostra que a sensação de distanciamento que a mediação produz encoraja o assédio e até favorece algumas investidas, mas também tem garantido às profissionais formas de se defender por meio das provas materiais que a ferramenta produz.
Da suspeita ao encanto na pesquisa em jornalismo
Authors: Deuze Mark , Witschge Tamara
Published: January 2021

Neste artigo, propomos uma reflexão crítica sobre as lentes que adotamos ao pesquisar o jornalismo e a comunicação. A adoção de uma lente de admiração pode aumentar nossa capacidade de considerar a rica diversidade encontrada no campo. Por meio de uma variedade de projetos de pesquisa, mostramos como, com encantamento, podemos não apenas entender o devir (becoming) do jornalismo, mas também abrimos espaço para o seu “devir-se” (becoming with): mostramos como somos cúmplices no futuro do jornalismo. Focando a natureza paradoxal das práticas jornalísticas a partir daquilo que aprendemos com nosso trabalho junto aos jornalistas, abrimos-nos para a singularidade da vida jornalística.
Fotografia sintetizada
Authors: Pereira Sílvio Da Costa
Published: January 2021

Construída tanto na captura quanto naedição, a fotografia little planet ou tinyplanet (lp/tp) é uma imagem sintetizadaa partir de uma foto 360, que também ésintética (pois costurada a partir de duas oumais fotografias retangulares). Sua estéticaé portanto engendrada a partir da interaçãoentre humanos e não humanos. Tais imagensgeram possibilidades de comunicação visualque não são nem realistas nem abstratas.E por isso nos ajudam a pensar o própriostatus da fotografia no mundo digital.
Interações programáticas em 15 Milhões de Méritos, de Black Mirror
Authors: Mendes Conrado Moreira
Published: January 2021

Neste artigo, à luz da sociossemiótica desenvolvida por Eric Landowski, analisa-se o episódio 15 Milhões de Méritos, do seriado britânico Black Mirror, que narra uma sociedade de vigilância, futurista e distópica, em que os personagens, monitorados por um sistema  autômato,  são obrigados a produzir eletricidade pedalando em bicicletas ergométricas enquanto assistem compulsoriamente a programas de televisão. Este trabalho se guia pela seguinte pergunta: como se constroem as interações – principalmente as programáticas – no referido episódio?
A não-materialidade das coisas
Authors: Terra Tatiana
Published: January 2021

A não-materialidade das coisas se mostram na confluência de uma vida incessante. Coisas que se transformam e coexistem nas relações dos movimentos naturais reveladas no escape do controle do olhar, na contemplação, em um instante. Neste lugar, elas tomam para si o protagonismo da cena, invertendo o ponto de vista, alternando perspectivas, abrindo possibilidades para o entendimento de outras realidades possíveis, quando as coisas se revelam naquilo que não é antecipado, em um momento de suspensão
As trocas de comissão técnica e suas ressonâncias em equipes do futebol profissional: uma análise psicossocial
Authors: Castellani Rafael Moreno , Scarcelli Ianni Regia
Published: January 2021

Objetiva-se identificar condições e justificativas frente às trocas de comissões técnicas no futebol, analisar suas ressonâncias em equipes do futebol profissional buscando compreender decorrências psíquicas/comportamentais nesses processos. Partiu-se de revisão bibliográfica, observações e entrevistas com atletas, integrantes de comissão técnica e dirigentes de três clubes profissionais do futebol brasileiro. Dentre os motivos argumentados favoráveis às mudanças estão ausência de resultados positivos/vitórias, pressão, precipitação dos clubes, despreparo/equívoco dos dirigentes, dificuldades/problemas de relacionamento, como perda de comando/liderança do treinador. Contudo, a partir de uma análise psicossocial, foram constatadas outras ressonâncias na produção da equipe que requerem elaboração de um esquema conceitual e referencial comum ao grupo, ligada a processos de comunicação e aprendizagem, necessário a uma adaptação ativa frente a situações de mudança. Mostra-se necessária uma atenção às ansiedades básicas que emergem nesse processo que, se não “trabalhadas”, podem levar o grupo ao modo estereotipado e burocratizado de se relacionar com sua tarefa.
Checagem corporal, busca pela muscularidade e compromisso com exercício em ingressantes da Força Aérea Brasileira
Authors: Kneube Daniele , Teixeira Paula Costa , Carvalho Pedro Henrique Berbert de , Alvarenga Marle Dos Santos , De Piano Ganen Aline Piano
Published: January 2021

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o grau de compromisso com o exercício e sua relação com estado nutricional e imagem corporal entre recrutas da Força Aérea Brasileira. MÉTODO: Avaliaram-se 117 recrutas quanto ao desempenho físico, estado nutricional no ingresso e após 15 semanas de treinamento. Variáveis de imagem corporal e exercício foram coletadas pelo Male Body Checking Questionnaire, Drive for Muscularity Scale e Commitment Exercise Scale. Realizou-se regressão linear simples e múltiplas para verificar os fatores associados. RESULTADOS: A maioria era eutrófica. A checagem corporal, busca pela muscularidade e compromisso com exercício físico correlacionaram-se. Excesso de peso, desejo em ser mais musculoso e chatear-se por não ir ao treino associaram-se à checagem corporal. O número de flexões de braços, abdominais e escore de busca pela muscularidade associaram-se ao compromisso com o exercício. Após treinamento houve melhora do desempenho físico, diminuição do percentual de gordura e aumento da checagem muscular global. CONCLUSÃO: Houve associação entre imagem corporal e o grau de compromisso com exercício nestes recrutas, cujos escores não se alteraram após treinamento.
INSTRUMENTOS DE AVALIAÇÃO EM PSICOLOGIA DO ESPORTE: PERSPECTIVAS NO CONTEXTO ESPORTIVO BRASILEIRO
Authors: Da Silva Walan Robert , Vieira Ericles De Paiva , Medeiros Thiago Emannuel , Cardoso Fernando Luiz
Published: January 2021

O objetivo da presente pesquisa foi identificar os principais estudos que buscaram construir, adaptar e/ou validar instrumentos voltados a psicologia do esporte no contexto esportivo brasileiro. A busca sistemática foi realizada no portal de periódicos – CAPES e foi conduzida no mês de novembro de 2018. Estudos psicométricos em psicologia do esporte com instrumentos voltados ao contexto brasileiro foram incluídos. A amostra final contou com 17 estudos, sendo que dois estudos construíram algum instrumento e 15 validaram e/ou adaptaram. Com base nos resultados foi possível identificar que poucos instrumentos são criados para o contexto esportivo brasileiro.
SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT E TEMPO DE PRÁTICA EM ATLETAS DE ESPORTES DE COMBATE
Authors: Gaia Jhonatan Wélington Pereira , Coswig Victor Silveira , Ferreira Rodrigo Weyll , Penna Eduardo Macedo , Pires Daniel Alvarez
Published: January 2021

O objetivo do estudo foi investigar se o tempo de prática como atleta federado afeta a percepção das dimensões de burnout em esportes de combate. A amostra foi composta por 36 atletas, todos do sexo masculino, praticantes de modalidades esportivas de combate. O instrumento utilizado foi o Questionário de Burnout para Atletas (QBA). Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e inferencial. Os resultados mostraram que os atletas estão em condições desejáveis do ponto de vista psicofisiológico. A dimensão exaustão física e emocional apresentou os menores indicadores (1,4), sendo significativamente menor quando comparada à dimensão reduzido senso de realização esportiva (2,0) (p=0.004), indicando a ausência de sobrecarga psicofisiológica. No entanto, ao considerarmos o tempo de prática dos participantes, a dimensão reduzido senso de realização esportiva foi significativamente maior nos atletas menos experientes (p=0,02). Portanto, atletas menos experientes apresentaram os maiores indicadores nesta dimensão, o que demanda cuidado no estabelecimento de metas nos anos iniciais para os atletas de modalidades esportivas de combate.Palavras-chave: Burnout; Psicologia do esporte; Esporte de combate
RELAÇÃO DA ATIVIDADE FÍSICA SOBRE ASPECTOS COGNITIVOS EM PARTICIPANTES DE UNATI: O Estado da Arte
Authors: GOMES FABIO RICARDO HILGENBERG , Arruda Mariana Lacerda , Farias Neméia De Oliveira , Oliveira Valdomiro De , Vagetti Gislaine Cristina
Published: January 2021

Este estudo realizou uma revisão sistemática sobre a possível relação da atividade física (AF) em aspectos cognitivos em participantes da Universidade Aberta a Terceira idade (UNATI). A identificação dos artigos relevantes para esta revisão foi realizada por meio da busca sistematizada em (10) onze bases de dados eletrônicas e um Portal. Foram considerados os artigos publicados em português, inglês e espanhol. Utilizou-se descritores que caracterizam os componentes da AF e da Cognição, de acordo com o DECS/MESH e a palavra-chave Universidade Aberta a Terceira Idade (e suas siglas UNATI, U3A e PUAM) em inglês, português e espanhol. Foram encontrados 8879 títulos, e 11 artigos corresponderam aos critérios de inclusão e fizeram parte do estudo. Na literatura, os efeitos da atividade física na cognição não são unanimes, mas mostra-se como um preditor em alguns aspectos cognitivos, e que o programa de extensão UNATI é um excelente espaço de promoção da AF.
Variação da identidade do estudante-atleta de elite: análise dos Jogos Universitários Brasileiros
Authors: Quinaud Ricardo Teixeira , Possamai Kauana , Gonçalves Carlos , Capranica Laura , Carvalho Humberto Moreira
Published: January 2021

O presente estudo buscou analisar a identidade do estudante-atleta universitário em relação ao gênero, região do país, contexto acadêmico (tipo de instituição de ensino superior e área de conhecimento [curso]) e contexto esportivo (horas de treino semanal e tipo de modalidade esportiva. Foram coletados 311 (172 mulheres) estudantes-atletas com a utilização do questionário Baller Identity Measurament Scale, validado para o contexto brasileiro e considerado nas dimensões de afetividade e identidade social. Análise multinível e pós-estratificada foi adotada. De modo geral, o contexto acadêmico e contexto esportivo parecem ter influência na identidade do estudante-atleta universitário de elite.
Rearing larvae and juveniles of rainbow trout with different amino acid nutrition
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kondratiuk V.
Published: January 2021

The article considers the efficiency of using complete compound feeds with different levels of lysine and methionine in rearing larvae and juveniles of rainbow trout. The purpose of the experiment was to establish the effect of different amino acid levels in nutrition of juvenile trout on its productivity. For this purpose, five experimental groups were formed by the method of analogues. The experiment lasted 35 days and was divided into two periods: equalizing (5 days) and main (30 days). During the equalizing period, the experimental fish consumed feed of the control group. In the main period, the levels of lysine and methionine in experimental feeds for different experimental groups of trout ranged from 2.9 to 3.3% and from 0.95 to 3.15%, respectively. It is proved that increasing the content of lysine and methionine in feed for larvae and juveniles of rainbow trout to the levels of 3.2 and 1.1%, respectively, promotes increase in their weight by 10.7% (p <0.01) and growth intensity - by 6.4-11.1%, while further increase in these amino acids content in the feed reduces the productivity of fish. Polynomial equations for determining the juvenile fish weight at any stage of rearing at a high level of determination for each of the experimental groups have been calculated. It was found that with an increase in the content of lysine and methionine in feed to the levels of 3.2 and 1.1%, respectively, reduces feed costs per 1 kg of weight gain in trout larvae and juveniles by 4.1%, and a further increase in levels of these amino acids to 3.3 and 1.15%, respectively, increase this index by 1.1%. The experimental fish survival ranged from 83.9 to 85.1%. In the production of trout according to the criteria of maximum productivity and to the economic optimization criteria, it is recommended to use complete feed with the level of lysine - 3.2% and methionine - 1.1% for feeding trout larvae and juveniles.
Re-print: Maintenance (r) Alpha Lipoic Acid Reduces Sudden Cardiac Death in Geriatric Diabetes Mellitus II Patients
Authors: L Murray Gary , Colombo Joseph
Published: January 2021

Background: Diabetes carries a two-fold risk of Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD). Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy (DAN), often progressing to Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy (CAN, critically low parasympathetic tone [P]), increases death 3.5-fold over 5 years, half sudden or non- renal. Oxidative stress is a major cause of DAN. Also, increased sympathetic tone (S), High Sympathovagal Balance [SB>2.5] increases SCD risk. Objective: Dysautonomic diabetic II patients were treated with the antioxidant (r) Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA), autonomic function followed, and Sudden Death (SD) compared to untreated patients. Methods: 133 patients (mean age 66y/o) with DAN or CAN, diagnosed using the ANX 3.0 Autonomic Monitor (Physio PS, Inc., Atlanta, GA) was offered (r)-ALA: 83 agreed (Group 1), and 50 refused (Group 2). P and S were re- measured up to 3 times/yr (mean f/u 6.31 yrs); SCDs were recorded. Results: A 43% Relative Risk Reduction (RRR) in SCD occurred with (r)- ALA (25% SCD Group 1 vs. 44% SCD Group 2, p=0.0076). Initial to final patients with high SB or CAN were 21.7%-12% (p=0.010), 10.8%- 15.7% (p=0.045), Group 1 vs. 24%-22% (p=ns), 6%-12% (p=0.083), Group 2. Only Group 1 survivors increased mean resting P. The progressive increase in P’s decline, increasing CAN risk, in the other patients correlated with mortality (p<0.001) and (r) ALA dose. Initially, Group 1 had insignificantly less high SB (p=0.449) and significantly more CAN (p=0.013) vs. Group 2. Finally, Group 1 had significantly less high SB (p=0.0967) vs. Group 2, also improving to insignificantly more CAN (p=0.261). Conclusion: (r)-ALA was associated with a 43% RRR of SCD and favorable P and S changes.