bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prescribing antibiotics when the stakes are higher — do GPs prescribe less when patients are pregnant? A retrospective observational study
Authors: Fossum Guro Haugen , Gjelstad Svein , Kværner Kari J , Lindbaek Morten
Published: May 2018

Background

Most oral antibiotics are prescribed by GPs, and they are therefore the most important influencers with regard to improving antibiotic prescription patterns. Although GPs’ prescription patterns in general are well-studied, little is known about antibiotic prescription patterns in pregnancy.

Aim

To study GPs’ antibiotic prescriptions in respiratory tract infections (RTIs) during pregnancy, and assess differences, if any, between pregnant and non-pregnant patients.

Design & setting

Retrospective observational study combining prescription data from the Norwegian Peer Academic Detailing (Rx-PAD) study database, pregnancy data from the Norwegian birth registry, and pharmacy dispension data from the Norwegian Prescription Database (NorPD).

Method

Records of patient contacts with 458 GPs, between December 2004 and February 2007, were screened for RTI episodes. Similar diagnoses were grouped together, as were similar antibiotics. Episodes were categorised according to whether the patient was pregnant or not, and included women aged 16–46 years. Logistic regression models were used to assess odds ratios (ORs), and calculated relative risks (cRRs) were produced. The authors also adjusted for clustering at various levels.

Results

Overall prescription rate for RTI episodes was 30.8% (n = 96 830). The cohort was reduced to include only episodes with women pregnant in the study period (n = 18 890). The antibiotic prescription rate in pregnancy was 25.9% versus 34.2% in the time before and after pregnancy (cRR = 0.66 [95% confidence intervals {CI} = 0.68 to 0.81]).

During pregnancy, 83.0% of the antibiotic prescriptions were picked up at a pharmacy, compared to an 86.6% filling rate in non-pregnant patients. The difference was not significant when adjusting for clustering at the patient level.

Conclusion

Norwegian GPs prescribe fewer antibiotics overall when patients are pregnant and, when they do prescribe, choose more narrow spectrum antibiotics for RTIs. This indicates a possible lower target rate for GP prescriptions to females. A low antibiotic dispension rate during pregnancy may represent a discussion topic in the consultation setting, to address possible reasons and avoid under-treatment.
Controversias con los medicamentos sintomáticos de acción lenta para la Osteoartritis (SYSADOAs)
Authors: Vidal Neira Luis Fernando , Vidal Wilman Maritza
Published: May 2018

La osteoartritis es una enfermedad de patogenia compleja y etiología multifactorial, clínicamente se caracteriza por su naturaleza heterogénea con expresiones fenotípicas distintas. El diagnóstico clásicamente se ha establecido en base a la combinación de las características clínicas y los hallazgos radiológicos compatibles con cambios degenerativos en la articulación afectada. Entre los medicamentos disponibles para el manejo de la osteoartritis se cuenta con los analgésicos de acción rápida (Ej. Paracetamol, antiinflamatorios no esteroideos); los medicamentos sintomáticos de acción lenta (denominados SYSADOAs por sus siglas en inglés: Symptomatic Slow-Acting Drugs for Osteoarthritis); y finalmente se considera un tercer grupo, los medicamentos modificadores de la enfermedad (denominados también DMOA por sus siglas en inglés: “Disease modifying OA drugs”), pero como grupo es inexistente, porque ningún medicamento ha demostrado el potencial para remodelar o renovar la estructura de la articulación afectada. Se reconoce que algunos de los SYSADOA podrían tener también efecto estructural.Se ha propuesto que un SYSADOA, debe de cumplir cuatro objetivos: Proporcionar alivio de los síntomas, disminuir el requerimiento de medicación sintomática concomitante (analgésicos, AINEs, etc.), prevenir el daño estructural y evitar (o retardar) el requerimiento de cirugía de reemplazo articular. Diferentes estudios clínicos y metanálisis encuentran evidencia que apoya la eficacia sobre el control del dolor de los SYSADOAs, pero con una heterogeneidad importante.El propósito de este artículo es revisar las razones por las cuales existe discrepancia sobre la eficacia sintomática de los SYSADOAs, entre las cuales se encuentran la baja calidad metodológica de algunos estudios clínicos, las características y la naturaleza de la molécula específicamente empleada, las variaciones en la molécula original, el estatus de registro (medicamentos de venta libre o bajo prescripción), el procesamiento y la fuente de financiación de los estudios clínicos entre otros.
The Effect of Biologic and Targeted Synthetic Drugs on Work- and Productivity-related Outcomes for Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Iragorri Nicolas , Hofmeister Mark , Spackman Eldon , Hazlewood Glen S.
Published: May 2018

Objective.

To systematically review the effects of biologic therapies for psoriatic arthritis [secukinumab, ustekinumab, adalimumab, etanercept, certolizumab pegol (CZP), apremilast, golimumab (GOL), or infliximab (IFX)] on work productivity.

Methods.

A systematic review of Medline, EMBASE, CENTRAL, andClinicalTrials.govwas conducted to identify randomized controlled trials reporting on work productivity outcomes at the end of the placebo-controlled double-blind period.

Results.

There were 7959 records identified. Full text of 377 records was further assessed for eligibility, of which 5 trials were included. All included trials were assessed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool, and 4 out of 5 were judged to be of low risk of bias in most domains. Improvements in self-assessed work productivity were observed in 5 trials (IFX, GOL, CZP, ustekinumab, and apremilast), ranging from a mean difference of −0.9 to −1.8 on a 1–10 scale of self-assessed work productivity (negative change represents improvement), although statistical significance of the results was not reported for CZP and apremilast. Treatment with CZP resulted in a statistically significant reduction in absenteeism (200 mg) and presenteeism (200 and 400 mg). IFX and GOL reported a nonsignificant reduction of absenteeism. The Work Productivity Survey, the Work Limitations Questionnaire, and visual analog scales were used to measure work productivity.

Conclusion.

Treatment with IFX, GOL, CZP, ustekinumab, and apremilast resulted in improvements in self-reported work productivity. A pooled analysis was not possible because of the clinical heterogeneity of the trials and variability in outcome reporting.
An Outsourced Health-enhancing Physical Activity Program for People with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Study of the Maintenance Phase
Authors: Nordgren Birgitta , Fridén Cecilia , Demmelmaier Ingrid , Bergström Gunnar , Lundberg Ingrid E. , Nessen Thomas , Dufour Alyssa B. , Opava Christina H.
Published: May 2018

Objective.

To describe changes of health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA), health perception, and functioning during the second year of a 2-year support program, determine aspects of adherence and response, and describe perceptions of the program.

Methods.

Out of 220 individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 177 participated in the followup. Group support, strength training, and moderate-intensity aerobic activity were encouraged. Data collection included HEPA, perceived health, functioning, and perceptions of the program. Participants with unchanged/improved general health perception and at least 2 of aerobic capacity, grip strength, or timed standing were considered responders.

Results.

Current and maintained HEPA decreased from 82% to 75% (p = 0.0141) and from 41% to 27% (p < 0.0001) during the second year. Minor declines in quality of life and activity limitation occurred (p = 0.0395 and 0.0038, respectively), while outcome expectations for benefits of physical activity increased (p = 0.0010 and 0.0186) and waist circumference tapered off (p = 0.0070). Strength training was performed on average 41 and 35 times among responders (n = 54) and nonresponders (n = 105), respectively (p = 0.2708); HEPA 194 and 171 days, respectively (p = 0.0828); and support group meetings 12 and 10 times, respectively (p = 0.0943). Strength training, aerobic activity, and short text message reminders were perceived as most valuable; step registration and the self-monitoring walk tests were less appreciated.

Conclusion.

About one-fourth of the originally sedentary individuals with RA sustained their new HEPA behaviors after 2 years and most improvements of health and functioning were sustained. Structured use of behavior change techniques and a second year to support maintenance with a reduced program might help patients with RA to sustain HEPA behavior.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Bilateral Hands Is More Optimal Than MRI of Unilateral Hands for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Mo Ying-Qian , Yang Ze-Hong , He Hai-Ning , Ma Jian-Da , Liang Jin-Jian , Zeng Wei-Ke , Shi Guang-Zi , Shen Jun , Dai Lie
Published: May 2018

Objective.

To explore the advantages of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of bilateral hands in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods.

Consecutive patients with active RA were recruited for clinical assessments, radiographs, and MRI of bilateral hands. Bilateral hands were scanned simultaneously on 3.0 T whole-body MRI system and were scored on synovitis, osteitis, and bone erosion according to the RA MRI scoring (RAMRIS) system.

Results.

Among 120 patients included, wrist bones and metacarpophalangeal joint (MCPJ) 2 proximal showed bone erosion in early RA. The second to fifth metacarpal bases and the second to fourth MCPJ distal showed more bone erosion in mid-stage or late-stage RA. When MRI of dominant unilateral hand was analyzed, MRI synovitis and osteitis in 5% of wrists and 3 MRI features in 5–14% of MCPJ were misdiagnosed (McNemar test, all p < 0.05). There were 46% wrist synovitis, 29–52% MCPJ2–5 synovitis, 45% wrist osteitis, and 20%–34% MCPJ2–5 osteitis not detected by joint tenderness and/or swelling. When the clinically more severe hand was selected for MRI of unilateral hand according to physical examination, MRI synovitis in 5% of wrists and 3 MRI features in 7–15% of MCPJ were misdiagnosed (all p < 0.05). Scatter plots and linear regression analyses were used to illustrate RAMRIS between dominant or selected hand (Y values) and nondominant or nonselected hand (X values). All linear models were markedly different from a Y = X linear model, indicating the dominant or clinically more severe hand could not represent the contralateral hand to evaluate RAMRIS.

Conclusion.

MRI of bilateral hands is more optimal than MRI of the unilateral hand in RA.
La chatte et le psychanalyste (Le cas Colette)
Authors: Ardeven François
Published: May 2018

Les animaux domestiques parfois s’invitent en séance. Et c’est Freud lui-même qui dans son étude du petit Hans y insiste : s’il y avait une pédagogie de la psychanalyse, ce serait en somme juste de rappeler que l’humain est d’abord un Erdtier, un mammifère terrestre. On veut étudier ici d’un point de vue métapsychologique le cas de La chatte de Colette (dont l’Enfant et les Sortilèges, avec Ravel à la musique, avait poussé Mélanie Klein à écrire un article sur cette œuvre en affinité avec ses propres concepts). On veut aussi de façon très pragmatique à travers la réflexion d’un analyste sur la présence de sa chatte  –  souvent juste évanescente  –  pendant les séances, étudier le transfert (à trois) que cela induit chez les patients, et le relier aux quatre « dispositions de l’être » qu’en écart avec Claude Lévi-Strauss étudie Philippe Descola dans son œuvre majeure Par-delà nature et culture.
Aripiprazole-Induced Neutropenia: Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Felin Tricia , Naveed Sadiq , Chaudhary Amna M.
Published: May 2018

Aripiprazole is a third-generation atypical antipsychotic medication, which is widely used for various psychiatric disorders across the lifespan. Aripiprazole can cause side effects including headache, insomnia, agitation, nervousness, lightheadedness, dizziness, somnolence, akathisia, and weight gain. Neutropenia is a less frequent side effect of aripiprazole. The current article reviews a case of a 10-year-old African American boy who developed neutropenia with aripiprazole. It is important for clinicians to be aware of this rare side effect. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 56
(5), 21–24.]
Mobilization Therapy in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit: A Multidisciplinary Quality Improvement Initiative
Authors: Colwell Blair R. L. , Williams Cydni N. , Kelly Serena P. , Ibsen Laura M.
Published: May 2018

Background

Mobilization is safe and associated with improved outcomes in critically ill adults, but little is known about mobilization of critically ill children.

Objective

To implement a standardized mobilization therapy protocol in a pediatric intensive care unit and improve mobilization of patients.

Methods

A goal-directed mobilization protocol was instituted as a quality improvement project in a 20-bed cardiac and medical-surgical pediatric intensive care unit within an academic tertiary care center. The mobilization goal was based on age and severity of illness. Data on severity of illness, ordered activity limitations, baseline functioning, mobilization level, complications of mobilization, and mobilization barriers were collected. Goal mobilization was defined as a ratio of mobilization level to severity of illness of 1 or greater.

Results

In 9 months, 567 patient encounters were analyzed, 294 (52%) of which achieved goal mobilization. The mean ratio of mobilization level to severity of illness improved slightly but nonsignificantly. Encounters that met mobilization goals were in younger (P = .04) and more ill (P < .001) patients and were less likely to have barriers (P < .001) than encounters not meeting the goals. Complication rate was 2.5%, with no difference between groups (P = .18). No serious adverse events occurred.

Conclusions

A multidisciplinary, multiprofessional, goal-directed mobilization protocol achieved goal mobilization in more than 50% of patients in this pediatric intensive care unit. Undermobilized patients were older, less ill, and more likely to have mobilization barriers at the patient and provider level.
ROLE OF CYTOKINES AS MOLECULAR MARKER OF DENGUE SEVERITY
Authors: Sehrawat Priyanka , Biswas Ashutosh , Kumar Prabhat , Singla Paras , Wig Naveet , Dar Lalit , Sood Rita
Published: May 2018

Objective: Dengue infection is a rapidly spreading vector-borne disease and is endemic in Indian subcontinent. It has varied manifestations ranging from subclinical infection to severe fatal shock syndrome. This study aimed to estimate cytokine level in dengue patients and correlate them with dengue severity.Methods: Cases of Dengue fever diagnosed in the Department of Medicine of our institute from July 2015 to November 2016 were included in the study. The clinical features, biochemical, hematological and radiological parameters along with cytokine levels (Interferon-gamma, Interleukin-6 and Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha) were recorded in all patients.Results: Out of 80 confirmed cases of dengue included in the study, 50 had non severe dengue (Group 1) and 30 patients had severe dengue (Group 2). The mean levels of serum TNF-α in group 2 (213.17±266.9 pg/mL, median= 62.5 pg /ml) were significantly higher than the mean levels in patients in dengue group 1 (112.8±213.1 pg/mL, median=20pg/ml) (p<0.043). Similarly, the mean levels of serum IFN-γ in group 2 (28.4±56.2 pg/mL, median=10.5pg/ml) were significantly higher than the mean levels in patients in group 1 (11.8 ± 9.2pg/mL, median=8.5pg/ml) (p<0.002). The levels of IL-6 were also higher in severe dengue group as compared to non severe dengue but these results were not significant (p>0.05).Conclusion: Increased cytokines may play a role in pathogenesis of severe manifestations of dengue and can be targeted to halt the progression of disease severity
Human T-cell leukemia virus type І associated with an increased risk of primary malignant neoplasm
Authors: Nakaya Aya , Fujita Shinya , Satake Atsushi , Nakanishi Takahisa , Azuma Yoshiko , Tsubokura Yukie , Konishi Akiko , Hotta Masaaki , Yoshimura Hideaki , Ishii Kazuyoshi , Ito Tomoki , Nomura Shosaku
Published: May 2018

The correlation between human T-cell leukemia virus type І (HTLV-І) infection and malignant neoplasms other than adult T-cell lymphoma (ATL) remains unknown. We analyzed the frequency of primary malignant neoplasm in HTLV-І-seropositive patients. From January 2006 to December 2016, 203 patients were diagnosed as HTLV-І-seropositive at Kansai Medical University Hospital. Among them, 32 developed a primary malignant neoplasm. Their median age was 64 years old, 63% of them were male, and 69% of them were HTLV-I carriers. This group had the following distribution of ATL subtypes: 31% smoldering type, 0% chronic type, 3% acute type, and 3% lymphoma type. Among them, 53% was hematology malignancy, and solid tumor was 47%. The most frequent type of hematological malignancy was T-cell lymphoma (23%), followed B-cell lymphoma (16%), and myelodysplastic syndromes (6%). The most frequent primary solid tumor locations were the lung (15%), followed by the colon (9%), prostate (6%), kidney (6%), cervix (2%), breast (2%), liver (2%), pancreas (2%), and oral cavity (2%). Our results suggest that HTLV-Іinfection is often associated with the development of other malignant neoplasms. Therefore, HTLV-І-positive patients should be made aware of their increased risk for the onset of a malignant neoplasm and undergo increased surveillance.
GROWTH AND ENDOCRINE FUNCTION IN TUNISIAN THALASSEMIA MAJOR PATIENTS
Authors: GUIRAT Naouel
Published: May 2018

Beta-thalassemia major (TM) is among prevalent hereditary disorders imposing high expenses on health-care system worldwide. The patient’s survival is dependent on lifetime blood transfusion which leads to iron overload and its toxicity on various organs including endocrine glands. This article provides an overview of  endocrine disorders in beta-TM patients. This single center investigation enrolled 28 beta-TM patients (16 males, 12 females)  regularly transfused with packed red cell since early years of life. For each patient were determined: age, sex, number of transfusions received, history of splenectomy and anthropometric parameters. Evaluation for hormonal status including growth, gonadal, thyroid, adrenal cortex, and parathyroid glands was done for all patients. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to diagnose osteoporosis. Assessment of iron overload status was performed by measuring the serum ferritin concentration and the results of magnetic resonance imaging T2*. Growth retardation was found in 16 of the 28 studied patients (57 %).Thirteen among them had delayed puberty. Spontaneous puberty was achieved in 16 cases. Growth hormone (GH) deficiency was found in 10 cases (35 %). Seventeen among the studied patients (60 %) developed disorders of glucose homeostasis. Subclinical hypothyroidism was found in six patients (21 %). Intensive chelation therapy had allowed the reversibility of this complication in five cases. Adrenal Insufficiency was found in 9 cases (32%). Hypoparathyroidism has occurred in one case. Ten of the 28 studied patients had osteoporosis (35%). Twenty-three of the 28 studied patients (82%) had at least one endocrine complication.
LABORATORY BIOMARKERS TO FACILITATE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS BETWEEN MEASLES AND KAWASAKI DISEASE IN A PEDIATRIC EMERGENCY ROOM: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: Buonsenso Danilo , Macchiarulo Giulia , Supino Maria Chiara , La Penna Francesco , Scateni Simona , Marchesi Alessandra , Reale Antonino , Boccuzzi Elena
Published: May 2018

This retrospective study was conducted to analyze clinical and laboratoristic parameters to individuate specific differences and facilitate differential diagnosis between Measles and Kawasaki Disease (KD) at first evaluation in a emergency room. We found similar clinical features as duration of fever and number of KD criteria (p >0.5) but significant differences in white blood cell count, neutrophils, CRP and LDH levels (p < 0.001). LDH value ≥ 800 mg/dl had sensibility of 89% and specificity of 90% for Measles while CRP ≥ 3 mg/dl had sensibility 89% and specificity of 85% for KD. The combined use of CRP, LDH and AST showed accuracy of 86.67%.
Exhaled Nitric Oxide is Not a Biomarker for Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: López José W. , Loader Maria-Cristina I. , Smith Daniel , Pastorius Daniel , Bravard Marjory , Caviedes Luz , Romero Karina M. , Clark Taryn , Checkley William , Ticona Eduardo , Friedland Jon S. , Gilman Robert H.
Published: May 2018

To reduce transmission of tuberculosis (TB) in resource-limited countries where TB remains a major cause of mortality, novel diagnostic tools are urgently needed. We evaluated the fractional concentration of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) as an easily measured, noninvasive potential biomarker for diagnosis and monitoring of treatment response in participants with pulmonary TB including multidrug resistant–TB in Lima, Peru. In a longitudinal study however, we found no differences in baseline median FeNO levels between 38 TB participants and 93 age-matched controls (13 parts per billion [ppb] [interquartile range (IQR) = 8–26] versus 15 ppb [IQR = 12–24]), and there was no change over 60 days of treatment (15 ppb [IQR = 10–19] at day 60). Taking this and previous evidence together, we conclude FeNO is not of value in either the diagnosis of pulmonary TB or as a marker of treatment response.
Case Report: Hemianopia: From Suspected Glioblastoma to the Diagnosis of Ectopic Schistosomiasis Haematobium Infection in a Traveler Returning from the Republic of the Congo
Authors: Loridant Séverine , Mouahid Gabriel , Cornu Marjorie , Allienne Jean-François , Leroy Jordan , Maurage Claude-Alain , Fréalle Emilie , Assaker Richard , Zairi Fahed , Dutoit Emmanuel , Moné Hélène , Sendid Boualem
Published: May 2018

Schistosomiasis due to Schistosoma haematobium is a widespread disease usually affecting the urinary tract associated with hematuria and kidney disorders. Neurological damage is rarely reported and symptoms are nonspecific and may suggest brain tumors such as glioma. We describe the first double ectopic haematobium schistosomiasis case involving the brain and intestine.
The Governance of International Migration
Authors: Üstübici Önay Aysen E.
Published: May 2018

As concern about immigration has grown within Europe in recent years, the European Union has brought pressure to bear on countries that are allegedly not sufficiently governing irregular migration with and within their borders. This book looks at that issue in Turkey and Morocco, showing how it affects migrants in these territories, and how migrant illegality has been produced by law, practiced and negotiated by the state, other civil society actors, and by migrants themselves. Aysen Üstübici focuses on a number of different aspects of migrant illegality, such as experiences of deportation, participation in economic life, and access to health care and education, in order to reveal migrants' strategies and the various ways they seek to legitimise their stay.
Borders and Mobility in South Asia and Beyond
Authors: Jones Reece , Ferdoush Md. Azmeary , Schendel Willem , Harris Tina , Boyle Edward , Zulfigur Rahman Mirza , Rasel Azizul , Rajagopalan Kavitha , Chakraborty Ananya , Wright Andrea , Weir James , Amin Rohullah , Zorko Marta , Sur Malini , van Meeteren Masja , Shah Riddhi , Trivedi Tana
Published: May 2018

Migration and borders are at the center of political debates in South Asia and around the world as more people migrate in search of safety and opportunity. This book brings a deep engagement with individuals whose lives are shaped by encounters with borders by telling the stories of a poor Bangladeshi women who regularly crosses the India border to visit family, of Muslims from India living in Gulf countries for work, and the harrowing journey of a young Afghan man as he sets off on foot to Germany. The international and interdisciplinary work in this book contributes to this moment by analyzing how borders are experienced by migrants and borderlanders in South Asia, how mobility and diaspora are engaged in literature and media, and how the lives of migrants are transformed during their journey to new homes in South Asia, the Middle East, North America, and Europe.
TARGET TRANSFORMATION CONSTRAINED SPARSE UNMIXING (TTCSU) ALGORITHM FOR RETRIEVING HYDROUS MINERALS ON MARS: APPLICATION TO SOUTHWEST MELAS CHASMA
Authors: Lin H. , Zhang X. , Wu X. , Tarnas J. D. , Mustard J. F.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Quantitative analysis of hydrated minerals from hyperspectral remote sensing data is fundamental for understanding Martian geologic process. Because of the difficulties for selecting endmembers from hyperspectral images, a sparse unmixing algorithm has been proposed to be applied to CRISM data on Mars. However, it's challenge when the endmember library increases dramatically. Here, we proposed a new methodology termed Target Transformation Constrained Sparse Unmixing (TTCSU) to accurately detect hydrous minerals on Mars. A new version of target transformation technique proposed in our recent work was used to obtain the potential detections from CRISM data. Sparse unmixing constrained with these detections as prior information was applied to CRISM single-scattering albedo images, which were calculated using a Hapke radiative transfer model. This methodology increases success rate of the automatic endmember selection of sparse unmixing and could get more accurate abundances. CRISM images with well analyzed in Southwest Melas Chasma was used to validate our methodology in this study. The sulfates jarosite was detected from Southwest Melas Chasma, the distribution is consistent with previous work and the abundance is comparable. More validations will be done in our future work.
UAV-BASED CROPS CLASSIFICATION WITH JOINT FEATURES FROM ORTHOIMAGE AND DSM DATA
Authors: Liu B. , Shi Y. , Duan Y. , Wu W.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Accurate crops classification remains a challenging task due to the same crop with different spectra and different crops with same spectrum phenomenon. Recently, UAV-based remote sensing approach gains popularity not only for its high spatial and temporal resolution, but also for its ability to obtain spectraand spatial data at the same time. This paper focus on how to take full advantages of spatial and spectrum features to improve crops classification accuracy, based on an UAV platform equipped with a general digital camera. Texture and spatial features extracted from the RGB orthoimage and the digital surface model of the monitoring area are analysed and integrated within a SVM classification framework. Extensive experiences results indicate that the overall classification accuracy is drastically improved from 72.9 % to 94.5 % when the spatial features are combined together, which verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.
3D RECONSTRUCTION FROM UAV-BASED HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGES
Authors: Liu L. , Xu L. , Peng J.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Reconstructing the 3D profile from a set of UAV-based images can obtain hyperspectral information, as well as the 3D coordinate of any point on the profile. Our images are captured from the Cubert UHD185 (UHD) hyperspectral camera, which is a new type of high-speed onboard imaging spectrometer. And it can get both hyperspectral image and panchromatic image simultaneously. The panchromatic image have a higher spatial resolution than hyperspectral image, but each hyperspectral image provides considerable information on the spatial spectral distribution of the object. Thus there is an opportunity to derive a high quality 3D point cloud from panchromatic image and considerable spectral information from hyperspectral image. The purpose of this paper is to introduce our processing chain that derives a database which can provide hyperspectral information and 3D position of each point. First, We adopt a free and open-source software, Visual SFM which is based on structure from motion (SFM) algorithm, to recover 3D point cloud from panchromatic image. And then get spectral information of each point from hyperspectral image by a self-developed program written in MATLAB. The production can be used to support further research and applications.
THE FOUNDATION GPS WATER VAPOR INVERSION AND ITS APPLICATION RESEARCH
Authors: Liu R. , Lee T. , Lv H. , Fan C. , Liu Q.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Using GPS technology to retrieve atmospheric water vapor is a new water vapor detection method, which can effectively compensate for the shortcomings of conventional water vapor detection methods, to provide high-precision, large-capacity, near real-time water vapor information. In-depth study of ground-based GPS detection of atmospheric water vapor technology aims to further improve the accuracy and practicability of GPS inversion of water vapor and to explore its ability to detect atmospheric water vapor information to better serve the meteorological services. In this paper, the influence of the setting parameters of initial station coordinates, satellite ephemeris and solution observation on the total delay accuracy of the tropospheric zenith is discussed based on the observed data. In this paper, the observations obtained from the observation network consisting of 8 IGS stations in China in June 2013 are used to inverse the water vapor data of the 8 stations. The data of Wuhan station is further selected and compared with the data of Nanhu Sounding Station in Wuhan The error between the two data was between -6mm-6mm, and the trend of the two was almost the same, the correlation reached 95.8 %. The experimental results also verify the reliability of ground-based GPS inversion of water vapor technology.
STUDY ON CONTOROL POINTS LAYPUT BASED ON OBLIQUE PHOTOGRAPHY
Authors: Liu W. , Luo G. , Cai Z.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. In practical projects, suitable high-precision control points are often added in the adjustment calculation so as to accurately recover the relationships between different light beams at the time of photography and finally obtain the results of high-precision oblique photography data. This paper studies the layout of control points of oblique photography data, and provides certain theoretical and practical guidance to the data processing application of actual oblique photography projects under the circumstance that there is no corresponding specification as the guidance for data processing of oblique photography at present.
MT-INSAR LANDSLIDE MONITORING WITH THE AID OF HOMOGENEOUS PIXELS FILTER
Authors: Liu X. J. , Zhao C. Y. , Wang B. H. , Zhu W. F.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. SAR interferograms are often contaminated by random noises related to temporal decorrelation, geometrical decorrelation and thermal noises, which makes the fringes obscured and greatly decreases the density of the coherent target and the accuracy of InSAR deformation results, especially for the landslide monitoring in vegetated region and in rainy season. Two different SAR interferogram filtering methods, that is Goldstein filter and homogeneous pixels filter, for one specific landslide are compared. The results show that homogeneous pixels filter is better than Goldstein one for small-scale loess landslide monitoring, which can increase the density of monitoring points. Moreover, the precision of InSAR result can reach millimeter by comparing with GPS time series measurements.
REMOTE SENSING ANALYSIS OF VOLUME IN TAIHU LAKE: APPLICATION FOR ICESAT/HYDROWEB AND LANDSAT DATA
Authors: Liu Y. , Li Y. , Lu Y. , Yue H.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. In order to evaluate the fluctuation of Taihui Lake, ICESat/Hydroweb and Landsat data recorded from 1975 to 2015 were used to examine changes in lake level and area, derived from Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI) and Modified Normalized Difference Water Index (MNDWI), which are combined to indirectly evaluate water volume variations and water balance of Taihu Lake. The results show that the time series of lake area and volume variations of Taihu Lake exhibit a gradually increasing trend from 1975 to 2015 and the value rose from 2320.07 km2 and −0.0470 km3, respectively in 1975 to 2341.06 km2 and 0.2759 km3, respectively in 2015. The water level of Taihu Lake demonstrates a fluctuating trend during 1975–2015 and the value changed from 0.9826 m in 1975 to 1.1359 m in 2015. There was a moderate correlation for Taihu Lake (R2 ≈ 0.65) between water level and surface area. The water volume changes was in very good agreement for lake level changes and surface area variations (R2 > 0.85). Combining with lake level and area changes, water balance of Taihu Lake was acquired and it shows a positive water budgets of 0.0092 km3 during past 40 years.
COUPLING ANALYSIS OF HEAT ISLAND EFFECTS, VEGETATION COVERAGE AND URBAN FLOOD IN WUHAN
Authors: Liu Y. , Liu Q. , Fan W. , Wang G.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. In this paper, satellite image, remote sensing technique and geographic information system technique are main technical bases. Spectral and other factors comprehensive analysis and visual interpretation are main methods. We use GF-1 and Landsat8 remote sensing satellite image of Wuhan as data source, and from which we extract vegetation distribution, urban heat island relative intensity distribution map and urban flood submergence range. Based on the extracted information, through spatial analysis and regression analysis, we find correlations among heat island effect, vegetation coverage and urban flood. The results show that there is a high degree of overlap between of urban heat island and urban flood. The area of urban heat island has buildings with little vegetation cover, which may be one of the reasons for the local heavy rainstorms. Furthermore, the urban heat island has a negative correlation with vegetation coverage, and the heat island effect can be alleviated by the vegetation to a certain extent. So it is easy to understand that the new industrial zones and commercial areas which under constructions distribute in the city, these land surfaces becoming bare or have low vegetation coverage, can form new heat islands easily.
DECOMPOSITION TECHNIQUES FOR ICESAT/GLAS FULL-WAVEFORM DATA
Authors: Liu Z. , Gao X. , Li G. , Chen J.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. The geoscience laser altimeter system (GLAS) on the board Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat), is the first long-duration space borne full-waveform LiDAR for measuring the topography of the ice shelf and temporal variation, cloud and atmospheric characteristics. In order to extract the characteristic parameters of the waveform, the key step is to process the full waveform data. In this paper, the modified waveform decomposition method is proposed to extract the echo components from full-waveform. First, the initial parameter estimation is implemented through data preprocessing and waveform detection. Next, the waveform fitting is demonstrated using the Levenberg-Marquard (LM) optimization method. The results show that the modified waveform decomposition method can effectively extract the overlapped echo components and missing echo components compared with the results from GLA14 product. The echo components can also be extracted from the complex waveforms.
AUTOMATIC GLOBAL REGISTRATION BETWEEN AIRBORNE LIDAR DATA AND REMOTE SENSING IMAGE BASED ON STRAIGHT LINE FEATURES
Authors: Liu Z. Q. , Li P. C. , Huang S. H. , Ye C. L. , Ma Q. , Yang J. J.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. An automatic global registration approach for point clouds and remote sensing image based on straight line features is proposed which is insensitive to rotational and scale transformation. First, the building ridge lines and contour lines in point clouds are automatically detected as registration primitives by integrating region growth and topology identification. Second, the collinear condition equation is selected as registration transformation function which is based on rotation matrix described by unit quaternion. The similarity measure is established according to the distance between the corresponding straight line features from point clouds and the image in the same reference coordinate system. Finally, an iterative Hough transform is adopted to simultaneously estimate the parameters and obtain correspondence between registration primitives. Experimental results prove the proposed method is valid and the spectral information is useful for the following classification processing.
ACCURATELY CALCULATING THE SOLAR ORIENTATION OF THE TIANGONG-2 ULTRAVIOLET FORWARD SPECTROMETER
Authors: Liu Z. , Li S.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. The Ultraviolet Forward Spectrometer is a new type of spectrometer for monitoring the vertical distribution of atmospheric trace gases in the global middle atmosphere. It is on the TianGong-2 space laboratory, which was launched on 15 September 2016. The spectrometer uses a solar calibration mode to modify its irradiance. Accurately calculating the solar orientation is a prerequisite of spectral calibration for the Ultraviolet Forward Spectrometer. In this paper, a method of calculating the solar orientation is proposed according to the imaging geometric characteristics of the spectrometer. Firstly, the solar orientation in the horizontal rectangular coordinate system is calculated based on the solar declination angle algorithm proposed by Bourges and the solar hour angle algorithm proposed by Lamm. Then, the solar orientation in the sensor coordinate system is achieved through several coordinate system transforms. Finally, we calculate the solar orientation in the sensor coordinate system and evaluate its calculation accuracy using actual orbital data of TianGong-2. The results show that the accuracy is close to the simulation method with STK (Satellite Tool Kit), and the error is not more than 2 %. The algorithm we present does not need a lot of astronomical knowledge, but only needs some observation parameters provided by TianGong-2.
A METHOD OF GENERATING DEM FROM DSM BASED ON AIRBORNE INSAR DATA
Authors: Lu W. , Zhang J. , Xue G. , Wang C.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Traditional methods of terrestrial survey to acquire DEM cannot meet the requirement of acquiring large quantities of data in real time, but the DSM can be quickly obtained by using the dual antenna synthetic aperture radar interferometry and the DEM generated by the DSM is more fast and accurate. Therefore，it is most important to acquire DEM from DSM based on airborne InSAR data. This paper aims to the method that generate DEM from DSM accurately. Two steps in this paper are applied to acquire accurate DEM. First of all, when the DSM is generated by interferometry, unavoidable factors such as overlay and shadow will produce gross errors to affect the data accuracy, so the adaptive threshold segmentation method is adopted to remove the gross errors and the threshold is selected according to the coherence of the interferometry. Secondly DEM will be generated by the progressive triangulated irregular network densification filtering algorithm. Finally, experimental results are compared with the existing high-precision DEM results. The results show that this method can effectively filter out buildings, vegetation and other objects to obtain the high-precision DEM.
REMOTE SENSING APPLICATIONS WITH HIGH RELIABILITY IN CHANGJIANG WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Ma L. , Gao S. , Yang A.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Remote sensing technology has been widely used in many fields. But most of the applications cannot get the information with high reliability and high accuracy in large scale, especially for the applications using automatic interpretation methods. We have designed an application-oriented technology system (PIR) composed of a series of accurate interpretation techniques,which can get over 85 % correctness in Water Resource Management from the view of photogrammetry and expert knowledge. The techniques compose of the spatial positioning techniques from the view of photogrammetry, the feature interpretation techniques from the view of expert knowledge, and the rationality analysis techniques from the view of data mining. Each interpreted polygon is accurate enough to be applied to the accuracy sensitive projects, such as the Three Gorge Project and the South - to - North Water Diversion Project. In this paper, we present several remote sensing applications with high reliability in Changjiang Water Resource Management,including water pollution investigation, illegal construction inspection, and water conservation monitoring, etc.
CROSS VALIDATION ON THE EQUALITY OF UAV-BASED AND CONTOUR-BASED DEMS
Authors: Ma R. , Xu Z. , Wu L. , Liu S.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) have been widely used for Digital Elevation Model (DEM) generation in geographic applications. This paper proposes a novel framework of generating DEM from UAV images. It starts with the generation of the point clouds by image matching, where the flight control data are used as reference for searching for the corresponding images, leading to a significant time saving. Besides, a set of ground control points (GCP) obtained from field surveying are used to transform the point clouds to the user’s coordinate system. Following that, we use a multi-feature based supervised classification method for discriminating non-ground points from ground ones. In the end, we generate DEM by constructing triangular irregular networks and rasterization. The experiments are conducted in the east of Jilin province in China, which has been suffered from soil erosion for several years. The quality of UAV based DEM (UAV-DEM) is compared with that generated from contour interpolation (Contour-DEM). The comparison shows a higher resolution, as well as higher accuracy of UAV-DEMs, which contains more geographic information. In addition, the RMSE errors of the UAV-DEMs generated from point clouds with and without GCPs are ±0.5 m and ±20 m, respectively.
SEA ICE THICKNESS MEASUREMENT BY GROUND PENETRATING RADAR FOR GROUND TRUTH OF MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING DATA
Authors: Matsumoto M. , Yoshimura M. , Naoki K. , Cho K. , Wakabayashi H.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. Observation of sea ice thickness is one of key issues to understand regional effect of global warming. One of approaches to monitor sea ice in large area is microwave remote sensing data analysis. However, ground truth must be necessary to discuss the effectivity of this kind of approach. The conventional method to acquire ground truth of ice thickness is drilling ice layer and directly measuring the thickness by a ruler. However, this method is destructive, time-consuming and limited spatial resolution. Although there are several methods to acquire ice thickness in non-destructive way, ground penetrating radar (GPR) can be effective solution because it can discriminate snow-ice and ice-sea water interface. In this paper, we carried out GPR measurement in Lake Saroma for relatively large area (200 m by 300 m, approximately) aiming to obtain grand truth for remote sensing data. GPR survey was conducted at 5 locations in the area. The direct measurement was also conducted simultaneously in order to calibrate GPR data for thickness estimation and to validate the result. Although GPR Bscan image obtained from 600MHz contains the reflection which may come from a structure under snow, the origin of the reflection is not obvious. Therefore, further analysis and interpretation of the GPR image, such as numerical simulation, additional signal processing and use of 200 MHz antenna, are required to move on thickness estimation.
IMPROVING LAND COVER MAPPING: A MOBILE APPLICATION BASED ON ESA SENTINEL 2 IMAGERY
Authors: Melis M. T. , Dessì F. , Loddo P. , La Mantia C. , Da Pelo S. , Deflorio A. M. , Ghiglieri G. , Hailu B. T. , Kalegele K. , Mwasi B. N.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. The increasing availability of satellite data is a real value for the enhancement of environmental knowledge and land management. Possibilities to integrate different source of geo-data are growing and methodologies to create thematic database are becoming very sophisticated. Moreover, the access to internet services and, in particular, to web mapping services is well developed and spread either between expert users than the citizens. Web map services, like Google Maps or Open Street Maps, give the access to updated optical imagery or topographic maps but information on land cover/use – are not still provided. Therefore, there are many failings in the general utilization –non-specialized users- and access to those maps. This issue is particularly felt where the digital (web) maps could form the basis for land use management as they are more economic and accessible than the paper maps. These conditions are well known in many African countries where, while the internet access is becoming open to all, the local map agencies and their products are not widespread.
REFINED SIMULATION OF SATELLITE LASER ALTIMETER FULL ECHO WAVEFORM
Authors: Men H. , Xing Y. , Li G. , Gao X. , Zhao Y. , Gao X.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. The return waveform of satellite laser altimeter plays vital role in the satellite parameters designation, data processing and application. In this paper, a method of refined full waveform simulation is proposed based on the reflectivity of the ground target, the true emission waveform and the Laser Profile Array (LPA). The ICESat/GLAS data is used as the validation data. Finally, we evaluated the simulation accuracy with the correlation coefficient. It was found that the accuracy of echo simulation could be significantly improved by considering the reflectivity of the ground target and the emission waveform. However, the laser intensity distribution recorded by the LPA has little effect on the echo simulation accuracy when compared with the distribution of the simulated laser energy. At last, we proposed a refinement idea by analyzing the experimental results, in the hope of providing references for the waveform data simulation and processing of GF-7 satellite in the future.
FREQUENCY ANALYSIS OF MODIS NDVI TIME SERIES FOR DETERMINING HOTSPOT OF LAND DEGRADATION IN MONGOLIA
Authors: Nasanbat E. , Sharav S. , Sanjaa T. , Lkhamjav O. , Magsar E. , Tuvdendorj B.
Published: May 2018

Abstract. This study examines MODIS NDVI satellite imagery time series can be used to determine hotspot of land degradation area in whole Mongolia. The trend statistical analysis of Mann-Kendall was applied to a 16-year MODIS NDVI satellite imagery record, based on 16-day composited temporal data (from May to September) for growing seasons and from 2000 to 2016. We performed to frequency analysis that resulting NDVI residual trend pattern would enable successful determined of negative and positive changes in photo synthetically health vegetation. Our result showed that negative and positive values and generated a map of significant trends. Also, we examined long-term of meteorological parameters for the same period. The result showed positive and negative NDVI trends concurred with land cover types change representing an improve or a degrade in vegetation, respectively. Also, integrated the climate parameters which were precipitation and air temperature changes in the same time period seem to have had an affecting on huge NDVI trend area. The time series trend analysis approach applied successfully determined hotspot of an improvement and a degraded area due to land degradation and desertification.