bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the Lipid Metabolism and Related Factors Among Male Employees in Guangzhou From 2017 to 2019 
Authors: wei wenting , jia yeran , zhan Wenfeng , Li Faping , Zhang Pingyou , Zhang Hongxuan
Published: September 2020

Background: To analyze abnormal plasma lipids during physical examination of adult men in a community hospital and to provide the basis for prevention and control measures. Methods: Fasting serum lipids (TG, TC, LDL-C, HDL-C) were measured in 439 adult men in a community hospital from 2017 to 2019. The results were analyzed by age. Results: The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 15.72%,19.36%, and 20.50% in 2017, 2018, and 2019, respectively. The abnormal rate of HDL-C increased significantly—from 2.96% in 2017 to 9.11% in 2018; it remained at 8.88% in 2019. The abnormal rate of TG and HDL-C increased gradually from age 50 years, and the highest was in those aged 60-65 years. The study also found that TC and LDL-C index levels peaked in the 55-65-year-old group; these levels then decreased with age. TG and LDL-C increased with age while HDL-C decreased with age. The increase in plasma lipid levels and obesity in young people was significantly higher than those in middle-aged people. Conclusion: The rate of dyslipidemia among adult men in Guangzhou increases over time and with age. The prevention and treatment of dyslipidemia (awareness, treatment, and control) should be urgently strengthened to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and improve the level of community health services.
Statistical Study of the Long-Period Induced Geoelectric Field Caused by Magnetic Storms and Its Implication on Mantle Exploration
Authors: Wu Siyuan , Yao Shuo , Liu Jianjun
Published: September 2020

The ground induced geoelectric field caused by magnetic storms is not only a hazard, but also a helpful tool to explore the underground conductivity. Especially, the long period (>105 s, LP) induced field deserves more concerns as it could reach the mantle. However, the occurrence rate and the period range of the LP induced geoelectric field during different magnetic storms are unclear. This statistical work examines the occurrence and the period upper limit in the whole solar cycle 23. The geoelectric field and geomagnetic field measured continuously at Memambetsu observatory in Japan from 1989 to 2008 are studied. The LP electromagnetic field is identified by the wavelet coherence spectra. The results show that the LP induced geoelectric field stably occurred during magnetic storms in the solar cycle. The LP induced field in the first three months of each year is significantly different from that in the three months around super magnetic storms. The longest period of the induced geoelectric field during the magnetic storms is 9x105 s. The period upper limit of the induced δ Ey is larger than that of the induced δEx, which significantly increases with the storm intensity range. The distribution of the LP δEx on the magnetic local time is asymmetric. To quantify the potential application of such a LP electromagnetic field on the mantle conductivity, we check the uncertainty of resistivity from inversion under the condition of plane-wave for layered medium. We set the sources to be the ring current and the field-aligned current in their real scales. As a result, the apparent resistivity is obtained within 10% uncertainty by δEy, and within 20% by δEx.
Al Doped ZnO Thermoelectrics Determined from Electronic Structure
Authors: Wan Rundong , Jiang Quanwei , Zhang Zhengfu , Kao-Walter Sharon , Lei Ying , Tian Guocai
Published: September 2020

For the aluminium doped wurtzite ZnO, comparing the Boltzmann transport theory calculated results and existing experiments, we acquire a few properties that are inaccessible otherwise. We find that the doping makes the samples metallic as the shifted Fermi levels are above the conduction band edge. We further find that the contradictory conclusions from two experiments with similar formula can be attributed to the quite disparate carrier concentrations and carrier mobility and the carrier mobility strong relates to the sample preparation.
Multi-omic Characterization of the Taxa-function Relationship in Infant Gut Microbiomes
Authors: Nguyen Quang P , Karagas Margaret R. , Madan Juliette C. , Dade Erika , Palys Tom J. , Morrison Hilary G. , Pathmasiri Wimal W. , McRitche Susan , Sumner Susan J. , Frost H. Robert , Hoen Anne G.
Published: September 2020

BackgroundThe infant intestinal microbiome plays an important role in metabolism and immune development with impacts on lifelong health. The linkage between the taxonomic composition of the microbiome and its metabolic phenotype is undefined and complicated by redundancies in the taxon-function relationships within microbial communities. To inform a more mechanistic understanding of the relationship between the microbiome and health, we performed an integrative statistical and machine learning-based analysis of microbe taxonomic structure and metabolic function in order to characterize the taxa-function relationship in early life.ResultsStool samples collected from infants enrolled in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study (NHBCS) at approximately 6-weeks (n = 168) and 12-months (n = 282) of age were profiled using targeted and untargeted nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy as well as DNA sequencing of the V4-V5 hypervariable region from the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. There was significant inter-omic concordance based on Procrustes analysis of sample distances (6 weeks: p = 0.056; 12 months: p = 0.001), however this association was no longer significant when accounting for phylogenetic relationships using generalized UniFrac distance metric (6 weeks: p = 0.376; 12 months: p = 0.069). Sparse canonical correlation analysis showed significant correlation, as well as identifying sets of microbe/metabolites driving microbiome-metabolome relatedness. Performance of machine learning models varied across different metabolites, with support vector machines (radial basis function kernel) being the consistently top ranked model. However, predictive R2 values demonstrated poor predictive performance across all models assessed (avg. R2: -5.06% -- 6 weeks; -3.7% -- 12 months). Conversely, the Spearman correlation metric was higher (avg. correlation: 0.344 – 6 weeks; 0.265 – 12 months). This demonstrated that taxonomic relative abundance was not predictive of metabolite concentrations. ConclusionsOur results suggest a degree of overall association between taxonomic profiles and metabolite concentrations. However, lack of predictive capacity for stool metabolic signatures reflects, in part, the possible role of functional redundancy in defining the taxa-function relationship in early life as well as the bidirectional nature of the microbiome-metabolome association. Our results provide evidence in favor of a multi-omic approach for microbiome studies, especially those focused on health outcomes.
Predictors of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Mothers with Under 5 Years Malnourished Children in Kiribati
Authors: Reiher Antje , Mohaammadnezhad Masoud , Alqahtani Nasser Salem
Published: September 2020

Background: Malnutrition among under 5 years old children is a common public health issue in both developed and developing countries. As mothers are the key persons responsible for their young children, this study aimed to assess the levels and predictors of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of mothers of malnourished children less than 5 years old on South Tarawa, Kiribati. Methods: This study is a cross sectional prospective design. This study conducted in pediatric ward and public health clinics of 11 public health centers on South Tarawa in Kiribati and among 82 mothers with under 5 years old malnourished children who were admitted to the Pediatric ward and public health clinics. The knowledge, attitude and practice on breastfeeding, weaning, diet and immunization was collected using a self-administrated validated questionnaire. Bivariate correlation and linear regression were applied and the significance level for this study was 5%.Results: Majority of the mothers (66%) were 19-32 years old, 69.5% were Roman Catholics, 67% had attended high-school, 46% had husbands as breadwinners and 85% were married. The participants had a low level of knowledge and middle level of attitude and practice on breastfeeding, weaning, diet and immunization. Education level (r=0.319, p=0.004) and breadwinner at home (r=-0.239, p=0.031) were positively correlated with attitude. The results of linear regression were significant, F (2, 81) = 6.757, p= 0.002, r2 = 0.146, suggesting that education level and breadwinner accounted for 15% of the variance in attitude score. Conclusion: This study showed the importance of mothers’ attitude towards malnutrition. Encouraging female education could be a potential target for future policies to reduce malnutrition in Kiribati.
Musical Preferences Correlate Architectural Tastes: An Initial Investigation of the Correlations Between the Preferred Attributes
Authors: Tayyebi Seyed Farhad , Demir Yuksel
Published: September 2020

Despite a large number of discussions on the analogical and technical interrelations between architecture and music, very few studies have looked at the interrelations between the appreciations of the attributes among them. This study investigates the correlations between the preferences of architectural and musical attributes to reflect how they generally interrelate with each other. The considered visual qualities related to architectural forms are symmetricity, complexity, rhythm, pattern, and stress; and the considered musical attributes are related to the main four categories of Genres, perceived psychological attributes, five factors of music, and 3-Factors (arousal, valence, and depth). To discover the correlations, at first, a survey was designed to gather individual appreciations of the attributes. The responses were then filtered to remove the invalid ones before Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis unveils the relationships between every single considered attribute. In total, 5,184 correlations have been thoroughly explored, and a number of strong correlations were discovered and discussed in a classified manner; for instance, rap-followers showed higher satisfaction to asymmetrical building façade. This study also confirms some musical attributes are stronger reflectors of architectural taste, like rap, jazz, sophisticated, poetic music. Lastly, this paper confirms the significant effects of demographic attributes on the discovered correlations.
Thymic carcinoma in a 2-year-old child: case description and literature review
Authors: Konopleva E. I. , Shevtsov D. V. , Kazaryan G. R. , Suleymanova A. M. , Abramov D. S. , Akhaladze D. G. , Shcherbakov A. P. , Druy A. E. , Kazaryan E. V. , Shamanskaya T. V. , Kachanov D. Yu. , Varfolomeeva S. R.
Published: September 2020

Thymic carcinoma (TC) belongs to a group of rare thymic epithelial tumours (TETs) arising from the anterior mediastinum. One of the most relevant established prognostic factors is complete surgical resection. Given the high invasive potential of TC a lot of patents at the diagnosis present with a locally advanced or metastatic disease, therefore complete resection could not be achieved, and a role of systemic therapy is increasing. Due to the rarity of this tumor type in children and adolescents, treatment approaches based on the guidelines for management of TETs in adults. In this article we report a case of TC in a 2-year-old boy. The literature review describes the current histological classification of the TET, approaches for systemic chemotherapy and local control in patients with TC.
Nephrogenic rests and nephroblastomatosis: literature review and clinical reports
Authors: Shats L. I. , Kondratiev B. V. , Belogurova M. B.
Published: September 2020

Nephrogenic rests and nephroblastomatosis describe persistence of embryonic renal parenchyma (metanephric blastema) beyond 36 weeks of gestation, when nephrogenesis is normally complete. This persistent metanephric blastema may transform into the Wilms tumor, and are detected in 30–40 % of unilateral nephroblstoma and nearly 100 % in bilateral cases. The risk of Wilms tumour is increased in any type of nephrogenic rests/nephroblastomatosis but it is higher in infants and in patients with intralobar nephrogenic rests. We cite below several studies described different types of nephrogenic rests, their connection with nephroblastoma development and the details of diagnostic. We refer to clinical examples, in that regard. Two cases are presented: bilateral diffuse hyperplastic perilobar nephroblastomatosis in one child and an infant with combination of perilobar nephrogenic rests in one kidney and Wilms tumour in the other kidney.
Atypical presentation of metastatic disease in patients with stage 4S neuroblastoma of the observation group: description of the clinical case
Authors: Smirnova L. A. , Kachanov D. Yu. , Shcherbakov A. P. , Akhaladze D. G. , Teleshova M. V. , Likar Yu. N. , Shamanskaya T. V.
Published: September 2020

The most common extracranial solid malignant tumor of childhood – neuroblastoma (NB) is characterized by the presence of two metastatic forms (stages 4 and 4S). Stage 4S is described to have metastatic spread to the liver, skin, and minimal bone marrow invasion. Certain rare localisations of NB metastases (pleura, testicles, and others) may not worsen the prognosis in children of the first year of life in the absence of severe bone marrow invasion and metastases to the skeletal bones. The article describes a clinical case of retroperitoneal NB with atypical metastasis to the pleura in a child of the first months of life with a favorable outcome with a minimum amount of chemotherapy.
The specifics of family losses in pediatric oncology and the dynamics of grief during analytical psychotherapy in pediatric oncology patients who lost one or both parents
Authors: Guseva M. A. , Tseitlin G. Ya. , Zhukovskaya E. V. , Lebed O. L. , Rumyantsev A. G.
Published: September 2020

Relevance. The experience of loss by a child receiving antitumor treatment is a factor in the development of psychopathologies.

Purpose to study is to study the specifics of family losses in pediatric oncology; to trace the dynamics of grief during analytical psychotherapy in children who have lost one or both parents.

Materials and methods. The study of the specifics of family losses was carried out by the method of retrospective analysis of the dynamics of family relations in 1298 families. To study the dynamics of grief in the process of psychotherapy, 13 children aged 3 to 13 years who lost one or both parents were selected.

Results. Antitumor treatment of the child is accompanied by prolonged separation from one, less often both parents, and, in 13.3 %, the loss of a mother or father as a result of a divorce/death. Burning in all the examined children was complicated with the appearance of a number of somatic, emotional-behavioral, mental symptoms that worsen their physical condition and psycho-emotional status. As a result of psychotherapy, the child can react to suppressed negative emotions, which leads to the disappearance of symptoms of grief.

Conclusion. The interaction of pediatricians, clinical psychologists, social work specialists is productive in order to provide timely psychotherapeutic assistance to the child before the manifestation of symptoms of complicated grief manifestation.
Children’s malignancies and their accounting: global and domestic trends
Authors: Volkova A. R. , Vakhitov Kh. M. , Kumirova E. V.
Published: September 2020

Malignant neoplasms occupy one of the leading places in the structure of infant mortality. This article provides an overview of current information on the epidemiological features and systems of cancer accounting in children in Russia and the world. The described methodologies for reporting cases of childhood cancer in developed countries can serve as a guideline for improving the domestic pediatric oncology service.
A Comprehensive Appraisal of Chalcones and Their Heterocyclic Analogs as Antimicrobial Agents
Authors: Salotra Riddhi , Utreja Divya
Published: September 2020

Owing to the growing demand for compelling antimicrobial agents, chalcones and
their heterocyclic derivatives have engrossed prodigious attention of medicinal chemists as an
effective clinical template for the synthesis of such agents on account of their structural diversity
and molecular flexibility. Chalcones are considered as a fortunate scaffold in the field of
both synthetic as well as natural product chemistry. They are reflected as a remarkable section
of logically occurring pharmacophores that possess a comprehensive scale of biological activities,
such as anti-cancer, anti-malarial, anti-viral and anti-inflammatory, rendering them
with a high degree of assortment and noble therapeutic profile. They act as a crucial intermediate
for the synthesis of novel heterocyclic skeletons holding biodynamic behavior. This
review emphasizes on different aspects of chalcones including their natural sources, recent
synthetic methodologies and evaluation of their anti-microbial potential. It is expected as a persuasive compilation on
chalcones that may benefit the experts to design potent and less toxic chalcone referents as medicinal agents.
Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Applications of Thiabendazole Derivatives: A Short Review
Authors: El Bourakadi Khadija , Mekhzoum Mohamed El Mehdi , Qaiss Abou El Kacem , Bouhfid Rachid
Published: September 2020

Thiabendazoles and their derivatives have a unique place in the field of
medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry. These synthesized compounds are used as
principal precursors for the synthesis of several new active heterocyclic molecules
that have diverse biological activities and play vital roles in other industrial fields.
This short review aims to provide current updates about the most bioactive thiabendazole
derivatives from synthesis to their functional applications in diverse fields
including biology, chemistry, materials, and agriculture.
Resistance Exercise Versus Aerobic Exercise Combined with Metformin Therapy in the Treatment of type 2 Diabetes: A 12-Week Comparative Clinical Study
Authors: Abdelbasset Walid Kamal
Published: September 2020

Backgrounds:

Both exercise and metformin are used to control blood glucose levels in
patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), while no previous studies have investigated the effect
of resistance exercise combined with metformin versus aerobic exercise with metformin in
T2DM patients.

Objectives:

This study was conducted to compare the effects of resistance exercise combined with
metformin versus aerobic exercise with metformin in T2DM patients.

Methods:

A total of fifty-seven T2DM patients with a mean age of 46.2±8.3 years were randomized
to three study groups; each group included nineteen patients. The first group conducted a
resistance exercise program (REP, 50-60% of 1RM, for 40-50 min) combined with metformin, the
second group conducted an aerobic exercise program (AEP, 50-70% maxHR, for 40-50 min) combined
with metformin, and the third group received only metformin without exercise intervention
(Met group). The study program was conducted thrice weekly for consecutive twelve weeks. Fasting
blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment of insulin
resistance (HOMA-IR), and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) were evaluated before and after
study intervention.

Results:

Significant differences were reported after the 12-week intervention inter-groups in the
outcome variables (p˂0.05). FBG, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, and VO2max improved significantly in the
REP group (p˂0.001) and also in the AEP group (p=0.016, p=0.036, p=0.024, and p=0.019 respectively)
while the Met group showed an only significant reduction in FBG (p=0.049), and non-significant
changes in HbA1c, HOMA-IR, and VO2max (p˃0.05). REP group achieved greater improvements
than AEP group (FBG, p=0.034; HbA1c%, p=0.002; HOMA-IR, p˂0.001; and VO2max,
p=0.024).

Conclusions:

Both resistance and aerobic exercise programs combined with metformin are effective
in controlling T2DM. Resistance exercise combined with metformin is more effective than aerobic
exercise combined with metformin in the treatment of T2DM.
Study of the Interaction of Zinc Cation with Azithromycin and its Significance in the COVID-19 Treatment: A Molecular Approach
Authors: Poupaert Jacques H. , Aguida Blanche , Hountondji Codjo
Published: September 2020

Introduction:

On account of the current COVID-19 pandemic, we have explored the importance of azithromycin and zinc in the treatment of the coronavirus disease by studying the interaction between the cation Zn++ and azithromycin with the tools of the semi-empirical quantum mechanics PM3 method.

Methods:

By this approach, the niche in which Zn++ is located was determined. Zn++ creates a strong clastic binding between an amine and a hydroxyl group located on the amino-hexose side-chain. Such an interaction serves as a shuttle and allows zinc cation to invade endocellular structures.

Results:

In this triple collaborative association, the role of hydroxychloroquine would be more that of a chaotropic agent at plasmic membranes, which facilitates access to the azithromycin-Zn++ equipage into key internal compartments.

Conclusion:

Finally, we show that both azithromycin and Zn++ are susceptible to play a direct role against the replication and the assembly of SARS-CoV-2 particles.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice of Dental Implants among Dental Interns in Saudi Arabia – A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Alzahrani Khaled , Alnafisah Abdulrahman Mohammed , Alzahrani Khalid Gohormallah , Alharbi Khalid Ghalib
Published: September 2020

Objective:

The aim of the study is to assess knowledge, attitude and practices of dental implants among dental interns in Saudi Arabia

Materials and Methods:

A self-designed, close-ended questionnaire was distributed among 205 interns chosen by stratified random sampling technique. The questionnaire consisted of 28 items pertaining to demographic characteristics, knowledge and practices of dental implants. Responses were coded and entered into spreadsheet software (Microsoft Excel 16.0.) and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, IBM Version 22.0) and contingency tables and chi-square test (χ2).

Results:

The majority of the participants were males (64.4%), between 24-26 years of age (64%) and had a GPA between 4-5 (63.4%). The majority of the participants gained knowledge of dental implants through theoretical lectures (98.5%), and most of them (80%) knew, what material, an implant was made up of. Almost all participants (91.7%) knew that dental implants had surface modifications. Most (64.4%) believed that case selection is the most important criteria for the success of dental implant therapy, and this differed significantly among participants with respect to GPA (p=0.03). Many participants (60%) believed that the most important advantage of dental implants over fixed prosthesis is that reduction of adjacent tooth is not needed, and this differed significantly between males and females (p=0.026). There was a significant difference (p<0.001) between males and females when it came to confidence in independently restoring teeth using dental implants. 63% of the participants were confident to use dental implants in their future practice.

Conclusion:

Knowledge of dental implants among dental interns is satisfactory, but this study reveals that participants lack practical experience and would like to acquire more clinical skills.

Limitations:

The response rate of participants from each university was low, which made comparisons between different universities difficult because sample size from some universities was very small, which could not produce statistically accurate results.
Healing Process with the use of a New Resorbable Synthetic Membrane
Authors: Alain Hoornaert , Christophe Rignont-Bret , Héléne Le hecho , Fabienne Wocjtiuk , Bénédicte Enkel , Pierre Layrolle
Published: September 2020

Background:

Currently, absorbable membranes tend to be used most frequently for guided bone regeneration. They have many advantages and the most commonly reported complication is early exposure.

Objective:

This retrospective study reports the healing process of soft tissues over a four-week period using synthetic absorbable membranes.

Study Design:

One-hundred and ten cases were included. Soft tissue healing was assessed from anonymized photographs, in accordance with the criteria of the Early Healing Index (EHI) (Watchelet al., 2003). Cohen's Kappa (K) test was used to estimate the reliability of the measures and the variability between the examiners. Chi-squared test and Fisher’s exact test were used to assess the combination of healing outcomes with respect to the type of surgical intervention.

Results:

At 1-week, 81% of the cases showed a Primary Closure (PC) when the membrane was not initially exposed. The score increased to 98% at 4-weeks. Healing at 1-week varied significantly according to the type of intervention, with 73% of primary closure for bone augmentation during implantation, versus 60% for bone augmentation before implantation and 46% for alveolar preservation (Chi-square test, p = 0.049). No statistically significant differences in the healing process were observed between the smoking and non-smoking groups.

Conclusion:

This clinical study shows that the safety and exposure rates of this new synthetic membrane are comparable to the data gathered in the literature concerning non-cross-linked collagenous membranes.
Integrated Management of HIV and NCDs within the Primary Health Care in the South African Context: A Comprehensive Literature Review
Authors: Murudi-Manganye Nthuseni Sharon , Makhado Lufuno , Sehularo Leepile Alfred
Published: September 2020

Introduction

Low and middle-income countries, including South Africa, are facing a challenge of the dual burden of chronic communicable and non-communicable diseases, which again pose a challenge to the improvement of patients’ clinical outcomes in the primary health care facilities. The introduction of innovative intervention to address the dual burden in South Africa created a challenge on nurses working at primary health care facilities to acquire a new set of skills to improve patients’ clinical outcomes. HIV programmes have shown great improvement in patients with HIV. However, there is still much to be done to improve NCD management. The aim of this review was to understand the status of integrated management of HIV and NCDs in South Africa and document the strengths and opportunities to sustain the implementation of integrated management of HIV and NCDs in PHC facilities in South Africa.

Methodology:

A comprehensive literature review of integrated management of HIV and NCDs in South Africa was conducted and complemented with a hand search literature in the form of policy documents and guidelines that were obtained from the National Department of Health.

Results:

A total of 17 out of 183 documents were analysed. Various strengths and opportunities, such as availability of approved guidelines and standardised training for nurses, are essential for the sustainability of integrated management of HIV and NCDs in Primary Health care facilities in South Africa.

Conclusion:

The CLR revealed that South Africa has strengths and opportunities which can be used to sustain integrated management of HIV and NCDs at PHC facilities and develop a model to strengthen the implementation of integrated management of HIV and NCDs in other provinces with minimal resources.
Cardiovascular Diseases Risk Factors Among Young Adults: A STEPwise-Approach-Based Study in Three University Setups in Morocco
Authors: Loukili Hamza , Malka Gabriel , Landrault Helene , Frej Driss , Amine Mohamed
Published: September 2020

Background:

Although chronic diseases, particularly cardiovascular diseases, are more likely to emerge during adulthood, their development begins earlier during childhood and adolescence. In this respect, we explored cardiovascular disease risk factors among students in three elite schools in Morocco.

Method:

The data collecting process was carried out using the French version of the STEPwise approach developed by the WHO to monitor Non-Communicable Diseases risk factors, producing thus standardized data and allowing wide comparability across similar studies. The investigation was conducted through on-site and online configurations. We only relied on the first and second sequences of the STEPS questionnaire in order to collect behavioral and physical data, on which our analysis was based. The choice of the population of Moroccan high intellectual potential youth is interesting, as they represent future physicians and leading engineers of tomorrow.

Results:

A total number of 325 subjects were surveyed. The prevalence of auto-reported diabetes and hypertension was respectively 3.31% and 8.54%. Alarmingly, a large proportion of respondents had undiagnosed hypertension. Besides, the prevalence of obesity was found to reach 6.17%, with no significant difference between gender groups.

Conclusion:

Hypertension appears to be largely undiagnosed which urges taking actions towards raising awareness among youth about chronic diseases and their risk factors as well as highlighting their preventability to prevent their future development.
Peripheral Blood Oxygen Saturation: A Non-invasive Prognostic Marker in Cancer Patients Treated with Radiation Therapy- A Pilot Study
Authors: David Savitha , Lokesh V
Published: September 2020

Aims:

1. To evaluate the prognostic value of SpO2 in cancer patients 2. To correlate between daily SpO2 values and tumor response to radiation.

Background:

Tumor hypoxia is an important prognostic factor in Oncology. It plays an important role in tumorogenesis, radiation resistance and tumor progression. Many invasive and in-vitro methods are available to assess the hypo-oxygenated status of tumors.

Objective:

We evaluated if SpO2 values measured from pulse oximetry could be used as an adjunct prognostic and predictive factor in oncology patients.

Methods:

Ten consecutive patients with locally advanced, non-metastatic disease were evaluated. Daily SpO2 measurements throughout the treatment and weekly haemoglobin values were noted. All patients received radical intent radiation therapy. Patients were categorised into two groups: poor SpO2 (<97mmHg) and better SpO2 (≥98mmHg).

Results:

Tumour response was higher in patients with better SpO2 (≥98mmHg). Patients with poor SpO2 (<97mmHg) presented with bulkier disease at diagnosis.

Conclusion:

Role of SpO2 as a prognostic and predictive factor should be explored further with in vitro and pH studies.
Monstruosidades e biomorfismos: figurações contemporâneas do humano na literatura e nas séries televisivas
Authors: Palha Joana
Published: September 2020

O artigo terá um foco duplo de leitura crítica: a produção poética do autor português contemporâneo Luís Miguel Nava, analisada a partir de um corpus constituído por duas obras específicas, O céu sob as entranhas (1989) e Vulcão (1994), obras estas que serão colocadas em diálogo, a partir de uma abordagem comparatista intermedial, com a série televisva britânica Black Mirror (2011), uma produção da provedora Zeppotron, posteriormente comprada pela afamada Netflix, escrita pelo argumentista Charlie Brooker. Esta série será por sua vez alvo de análise a partir de três episódios: “Be Right Back” (2013), “Playest” (2016) e “Black Museum” (2017). Assim, ressaltando noções teóricas centrais ao perfil dos dois campos mediáticos estudados, será explorado o tema da monstruosidade sob uma perspetiva contemporânea, dando relevo ao tópico do corpo. O trabalho visa contribuir globalmente para um entendimento dos objetos literários contemporâneos em articulação com outros produtos da cultura de massas, como os televisivos, entre os quais se tecem cada vez mais nexos intertextuais alternativos.
José de Alencar, identidade e imagem
Authors: Antonangelo Anderson Villadala
Published: September 2020

O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar de que maneira o advento da televisão e do cinema, ao longo do século XX, serviram como elementos de consolidação do projeto identitário iniciado pelos românticos após a independência do Brasil, sobretudo na figura de José de Alencar. O estudo terá como elemento central de análise as particularidades sociopolíticas dos principais contextos brasileiros do século XX em que a produção cinematográfica e televisiva de suas obras teve crescimento expressivo.
Del realismo decimonónico a la transmedialidad
Authors: Gutiérrez Sebastián Raquel
Published: September 2020

Este trabajo aborda un estudio sincrónico de un caso de transmedialidad cuyo texto base es una novela corta del escritor realista español José María de Pereda, Blasones y talegas (1871). En 1971 la televisión pública española encargó a un guionista, Carlos Vélez, y a una realizadora, Josefina Molina, la creación de un producto audiovisual que con la apariencia de una dramatización televisada, reelaborada el texto de Pereda convirtiéndolo en un programa de televisión para ser consumido por los espectadores del último tercio del siglo XX. La investigación señala los puntos de convergencia y de diferencia entre la obra de Pereda, el guion dramatizado y la versión televisiva.
From the Editor - May 2010
Authors: Stark Ernie
Published: September 2020

A letter from the editor.
Assessing the Efficacy and Acceptability of a Web-Based Intervention for Resilience Among College Students: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Enrique Roig Angel , Mooney Olwyn , Salamanca-Sanabria Alicia , Lee Chi Tak , Farrell Simon , Richards Derek
Published: September 2020

Background

College students are at elevated risk for developing mental health problems and face specific barriers around accessing evidence-based treatment. Web-based interventions that focus on mental health promotion and strengthening resilience represent one possible solution. Providing support to users has shown to reduce dropout in these interventions. Further research is needed to assess the efficacy and acceptability of these interventions and explore the viability of automating support.

Objective

This study investigated the feasibility of a new web-based resilience program based on positive psychology, provided with human or automated support, in a sample of college students.

Methods

A 3-armed closed pilot randomized controlled trial design was used. Participants were randomized to the intervention with human support (n=29), intervention with automated support (n=26), or waiting list (n=28) group. Primary outcomes were resilience and well-being, respectively measured by the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale and Pemberton Happiness Index. Secondary outcomes included measures of depression and anxiety, self-esteem, and stress. Outcomes were self-assessed through online questionnaires. Intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses were conducted.

Results

All participants demonstrated significant improvements in resilience and related outcomes, including an unexpected improvement in the waiting list group. Within- and between-group effect sizes ranged from small to moderate and within-group effects were typically larger for the human than automated support group. A total of 36 participants began the program and completed 46.46% of it on average. Participants were generally satisfied with the program and found it easy to use.

Conclusions

Findings support the feasibility of the intervention. Preliminary evidence for the equal benefit of human and automated support needs to be supported by further research with a larger sample. Results of this study will inform the development of a full-scale trial, from which stronger conclusions may be drawn.

Trial Registration

International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) 11866034; http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN11866034

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.1016/j.invent.2019.100254
Use of Smartphone Apps for Improving Physical Function Capacity in Cardiac Patient Rehabilitation: Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Tuttle Katherine , Kelemen Arpad , Liang Yulan
Published: September 2020

BACKGROUND

Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is an evidence-based approach for preventing secondary cardiac events. Smartphone apps are starting to be used in CR to give patients real-time feedback on their health, connect them remotely with their medical team, and allow them to perform their rehabilitation at home. The use of smartphone apps is becoming omnipresent and has real potential in impacting patients in need of CR.

OBJECTIVE

This paper provides critical examinations and summaries of existing research studies with an in-depth analysis of not only the individual studies but also the larger patterns that have emerged with smartphone apps in CR as well as their significance for practice change.

METHODS

A systematic review was conducted through broad database searches that focused on evaluating randomized controlled trials, in compliance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) expectations. A total of 43 articles were evaluated, and 6 were chosen for this review. The dates of the articles ranged from 2014-2020, and the studies focused on the population of cardiac outpatients who needed CR after suffering a cardiac event, with interventions using a smartphone that incorporated the CR standards of the American Heart Association. The outcomes measured were directed at focusing on improved exercise function capacity, valued at a significance level of P<.05, for improved 6-minute walk test (6MWT) and peak oxygen uptake (PVO2) results.

RESULTS

In the evaluated articles, the results were inconsistent for significant positive effects of CR smartphone apps on cardiac patients’ physical function capacity in terms of the 6MWT and PVO2 when using a smartphone app to aid in CR.

CONCLUSIONS

Because evidence in the literature suggests nonhomogeneous results for successful use of smartphone apps in CR, it is crucial to investigate the potential reasons for this inconsistency. An important observation from this systematic review is that smartphone apps used in CR have better clinical outcomes related to physical function capacity if the app automatically records information or provides real-time feedback to participants about their progress, compared to apps that only educate and encourage use while requiring the participant to manually log their CR activities. Additional factors to consider during these studies include the starting health of the patients, the sample sizes, and the specific components of CR that the smartphone apps are using. Overall, more clinical trials are needed that implement smartphone apps with these factors in mind, while placing stronger emphasis on using biosensing capabilities that can automatically log results and send them to providers on a real-time dashboard.
The affected factors of loss to follow up (LFU) among HIV patients with antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Sri Purwaningsih  , Yanri Wijayanti Subronto  , Erna Kristin
Published: September 2020

HIV infection is a global issue which is related to the increasing cases of HIV and AIDS in various countries including in Indonesia. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) that addressed for reducing the virus proliferation is not always followed by good medication adherence among patients. The ART loss to follow up (LFU) is a common problem in Indonesia. However, information concerning the affected factors of LFU among HIV patients with ART is limited. This study aimed to investigate the affected factors of LFU among HIV patients in the early two years of ART. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta among 369 medical records of HIV patients that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria were HIV patients who started ART in January 2008 to December 2012, aged > 17 years with a complete medical records. The data of sociodemography and medical status patients were obtained from medical record, ART, and pharmacy register of the patients. Patient characteristics observed in this study included demographic factors such as age, sex, residence, education level, risk factors, and also medical status factors such as clinical stage, tuberculosis (TB) co-infection, functional status, and CD4 cell counts. The data were analyzed using Kaplan Meier and Cox Proportional Hazard. The results showed that patients with TB co-infection in early therapy and working functional status were significant factors of LFU (p<0.05). Patients without TB co-infection were half as much protected from LFU compared to patients with TB infection (HR=0.50; 96%CI: 0.34-0.75). It can be concluded that TB coinfection in early therapy and working fuctional status are the significant factors that influenced the LFU incidents in the two years of early therapy.
Expression of VEGF-A And COX-2 mRNA in non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs treated rat primary colonic fibroblast
Authors: Andrew Limavanady  , Jonathan J  , Gloria Evita Thalia  , Rasya Mayora  , Ade Saputri  , Rahmi Ayu Wijayaningsih  , Eko Purnomo  , Fara Silvia Yuliani  , Woro Rukmi Pratiwi  , Dwi Aris Agung Nugrahaningsih
Published: September 2020

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is often used to shorten recovery time after surgery, including after colon anastomosis surgery. Studies showed that NSAIDs might involve in the development of colon anastomotic leakage. However, the effect of NSAIDs in colon anastomosis leakage is still a subject of controversy. Studies indicated that selectivity of COX-2 might have a role in the deleterious effect of NSAIDs in colon anastomosis. Disruption of VEGF-A by NSAIDs also suspected to be the culprit in the development of anastomosis leakage during NSAIDs treatment. This study aimed to investigate the NSAIDs effect toward VEGF-A and COX-2 mRNA in rat primary colonic fibroblast. The in vitro study was conducted using fibroblast isolated from rat colon. The isolated fibroblast was divided into 4 groups of treatment i.e.controlgroup, acetaminophen group, metamizole group, and ketorolacgroup. After 48 h of treatment, the cell was harvested and the RNA was isolated. The expression of VEGF-A and COX-2 mRNA was conducted using semi-quantitative PCR(sq-PCR). Both VEGF-A and COX-2 were not expressed in untreated rat colon fibroblast. However, VEGF-A mRNA washighly expressed in the ketorolacgroup. Interestingly, COX-2 mRNA couldbe seen in the ketorolac and metamizole groups but not in the acetaminophen group. The COX-2 mRNA expression wasthe highest in ketorolac treated rat colon fibroblast. It can be concluded that the effect of various kinds of NSAIDs towards VEGF-A and COX-2 mRNA expression of colon fibroblasts is different. This condition is duetotheir different inhibitory selectivity towards COX-1 and COX2.
Hand cleaning activities during COVID-19 pandemic and the manifestation on human skin: a retrospective study
Authors: Wicaksono Arko Jatmiko , Ummu Mastna Zuhri
Published: September 2020

Hand sanitizing is a popular hand-cleaning technique during the pandemic.In the present article, a retrospective study by observational and quantitative data analysis involving 155 respondents were collected through questionnaires. The most intense methods of hand-cleaningactivities (i.e. hand sanitizing, hand washing with soap, alcohol rubs, wet wipes, dried wipes and hand washing with water only)were investigated. Manifestation on human skin was evaluated personally by take into account to the real condition of the authors. Validity of the retrospective questionnaire was assessed by comparing it to the prospective journal which was considered as the reference method. As the result, hand-washing with soap is the most preferred hand-cleaning method during pandemic (94 %, total sample population n = 155). Adverse event by the usage of alcohol might observed especially during the first 4 months of the pandemic period.
Menabur Kebiasaan: Propaganda Gerakan Menabung Jepang (1941-1945)
Authors: Irianti Mufidha Brilian
Published: September 2020

Japan colonialism during World War II brought signifcant impact for Indonesia. Aside from political and social impacts, it has affected daily life. Japanese occupation was meant to recruit human resources from the region on behalf of the Pacifc War. Japan made efforts to capture the attention and cooperation of locals. Japanese propaganda used a variety of media to send the messages. One such propaganda consisted to persuade people to save in formal institutions. In order to reach people of all backgrounds, military government used a variety of mass media such as newspapers, magazines, movies, and radio as well as a kind of theatrical art and singing. The concern of the paper is to describe the strategies of Japanese savings propaganda. Exploring how government used media to persuade people to make saving accounts in modern fnancial institution.
Korporatisme Pedesaan Orde Baru: Program Tebu Rakyat Intensifikasi (TRI) di Wilayah Kerja Pabrik Gula Mojo Sragen, 1975-1998
Authors: Dwianto Prima
Published: September 2020

The Indonesian government has radically altered the structure of the national sugar industry by issuing Presidential Instruction no 9/1975 on the People’s Sugarcane Intensification Program (TRI) in order to increase sugar productivity. The dependence on the production process to sugar factories was replaced with the production process of the farmers from planting to harvesting. This research intends to document the socio-economic effects of the TRI program on farmers within the Mojo Sugar Factory work area in Sragen, Central Java, between 1975 until 1998. The result of the research has shown that farmers south of the Bengawan Solo river were resistant to the TRI program in favor of more lucrative rice farming. These farmers conducted social protests such as sugarcane field burnings. Farmers that lived north of the river supported the TRI program because planting sugarcane on non-irrigated fields was more profitable than planting other crops. This research shows that the TRI program has positively benefited to some farmers, a conclusion that is not shared by previous researches that point to only negative effect of the program.
Dangdut dan Rezim Orde Baru: Wacana Nasionalisasi Musik Dangdut Tahun 1990-an
Authors: Arjaya Derta
Published: September 2020

This research tries to answer two main questions. First, what was the reason for the nationalization of dangdut in 1990s period. Second, how was the discourse taken place and who benefited from the nationalization of the popular music. History method is applied in this research, by using sources, such as, magazines, newspapers, books, scientific works, which are spread in several places. The main inventions of this research are, firstly, the nationalization of dangdut was strongly related to the development of dangdut in the 1970’s to 1990’s periods. Secondly, the strategy of the regime to nationalize dangdut in the middle 1990s was conducted through supporting the development of positive dangdut. Third, the nationatization of dangdut in the 1990s benefited both the New Order regime and dangdut itself.
Dari Medan Perang Berburu Lapangan Pekerjaan: Pengangguran Revolusi di Yogyakarta Tahun 1950-an
Authors: Asmawati Rika Inggit
Published: September 2020

This research discusses about the social economic history of Yogyakarta during 1950s. The main problem is to analyze how the newly independent country of Indonesia dealt with unemployment after the revolutionary period. This research employs the historical method using primary and secondary sources, such as archives, newspapers, magazines, interviews, and reviews of relevant references. There are four conclusions in this research. First, although the period was called as the period of creating jobs, the unemployment number in early 1950s was increasing. Second, this unemployment problem was not primarily caused by the economic condition but also by demographic problems and the legacies from the Revolution Era. Third, people who were categorized as unemployed were not only labors, but also veterans. Fourth, for the government, solving this unemployment problem was the effort to create economic improvement for its society.