bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
No Pyro, No Party: Social factors, deliberate choices, and shared fan culture determine the use of illegal fireworks in a soccer stadium
Authors: Merkelbach Inge , Dewies Malte , Noordzij Gera , Denktas Semiha
Published: June 2021

Lighting illegal fireworks inside soccer stadiums is a worldwide and persistent problem. Despite rules and regulations as well as rigorous enforcement, the use of illegal fireworks in football stadium is increasing rather than decreasing. Little is yet known about the causes and predictors of this behavior, preventing the development of effective interventions or communication strategies. We therefore conducted a qualitative study, using semistructured interviews with both supporters of a large Dutch soccer club who participated in lighting fireworks, and with professionals who dealt with illegal fireworks in daily practice. Semi-structures interviews were based on hooliganism literature as well as the COM-B model. We concluded that hooliganism and lighting illegal are distinctly different phenomena, although they share some underlying constructs. From a behavioral perspective, using the COM-B model as a framework, reflective motivation was identified as the strongest facilitator of lighting fireworks, which appeared to be an important part of supporter life and shared culture. Quick interventions that target automatic behavior, such as nudges, will probably thus not be successful in changing this behavior. Supporters suggest compromise between supporters and professionals as preferred future direction. Reported feelings of stigmatization by and feeling unappreciated by professionals, could interfere with successful implementation of this direction. Professionals however contradict negative to have judgements of supporters. Building a bridge between supporters and professionals should be a first step towards a solution.
Under Representation of Women in Labour Force, Comparatively Sweden and Turkey
Authors: Ozturkmen Guliz
Published: June 2021

Social Policy and Employment Chapter of EU Acquis has recently been continuing to be an important subject. Social Policy and Employment is related closely with improving working conditions and socio-economic factors. Socio-economic factors and good working conditions in a country determines women participation in labour force and job quality. In this context, job quality and representation of women in labour force has been important subjects of social policy for a while. Within this scope this study explores how job quality effects participation of women in labour force by comparing Sweden and Turkey. Additionally, it investigates whether low job quality leads to underrepresentation of women in labour force. Document analysis and secondary sources are used in this qualitative research. The results show that the determinants of job quality in this study effects Swedish and Turkish women’s representation in labour force. Moreover, low job quality leads to underrepresentation of women in labour force.
COVID-19 and adult congenital heart disease services: impact on support and advice from nurse specialists
Authors: Anthony James , Prabhakar Chethan Ram Kasargod , Clift Paul , Hudsmith Lucy
Published: June 2021

Although the focus on service provision in response to the COVID-19 pandemic has mainly been on acute and particularly intensive care, it is important to consider other services that are still needed. This is especially the case for vulnerable patients with long-term conditions, such as those under the care of an adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) service. The authors conducted a survey of ACHD nurse specialists in centres across the UK to acertain what they were planning in terms of the redeployment of nurse specialists. The results showed a range of plans with an average of half of nurses per centre being moved, but with 65% of the workforce planned to be redeployed to deal with the pandemic. The telephone advice service at the authors' own level 1 centre showed a significant increase in patients seeking advice when compared with the previous year, with large peaks following major Government announcements. Access to specialist advice for patients with complex conditions is of vital interest, for those in a wide range of specialities.
Developing online training in wound care
Authors: Newport Lesley , Roberts Danny
Published: June 2021

Lesley Newport, Tissue Viability Clinical Lead Nurse, Tissue Viability Skin Team ( lesley.newport@merseycare.nhs.uk ), and Danny Roberts, Quality Improvement Lead, Centre for Perfect Care, Mersey Care NHS Foundation Trust ( danny.roberts@merseycare.nhs.uk ), runners-up in the Tissue Viability Nurse of the Year category in the BJN Awards 2021
The Implementation of Research-Based Learning Model in the Basic Science Concepts Course in Improving Analytical Thinking Skills
Authors: Suyatman Suyatman , Saputro Sulistyo , Sunarno Widha , Sukarmin Sukarmin
Published: June 2021

This study aimed to analyze the Research-Based Learning (RBL) model implementation in the natural sciences in improving students’ analytical thinking skills. This study employed a mixed-method with a sequential exploratory design. Data collection began with qualitative data and then continued with quantitative data. Qualitative data collection techniques used observation and interviews, while quantitative data collection used essay tests. Sampling was carried out before the research implementation. The samples were students of the PGMI IAIN Surakarta Study Program, Indonesia, which consisted of 34 pre-service elementary school teachers. The research was conducted in the odd semester of the 2019/2020 academic year. Quantitative data analysis techniques used a quasi-experimental design with one group pretest-posttest. Based on the results of four observations on the research treatments, the mean was 3.714, in which the values of preliminary activities were 3.625, core activities were 3.714, and closing activities were 3.75, used a rating scale (1-4) with the very good category. The RBL model implementation in the natural sciences in the concept of energy can improve the analytical thinking skills of students, as evidenced by the N-gain value was 56.57%in the medium category. This increase was obtained from the mean of the pretest score (46.84) and the post-test score (76.9), by using a rating scale (0-100). The research findings provide ideas to lecturers and researchers in improving the student's analytical thinking skills through the application of innovative learning models in the topic of the concept of energy.
Normalisation of the Speculative Frame Method and Its Application to the Housing Market in Poland
Authors:   Department of Spatial Analysis and the Real Estate Market, Institute of Spatial  Economy and Geography, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and  Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland, Brzezicka Justyna , Wisniewski Radosław ,   University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Poland
Published: June 2021

This article proposes the normalisation of the speculative frame method for identifying real estate bubbles, price shocks, and other disturbances in the real estate market. This index-based method relies on time series data and real estate prices. In this article, the speculative frame method was elaborated and normalised with the use of equations for normalising data sets and research methodologies. The method is discussed on the example of the Polish housing market.
Decomposing Housing Unaffordability
Authors:   Mercatus Center at George Mason University, Arlington, Virginia, USA, Furth Salim
Published: June 2021

A US household is considered ‘rent burdened’ when its rent exceeds 30% of its income. This simple ratio can be decomposed to better understand the sources of unaffordability across space. To demonstrate this new approach, I rewrite the equation for rent burden as a sum of four factors: rent gap, income gap, excess size cost, and demographic baseline, and show that US rental unaffordability is mostly the result of low incomes. Focusing on the New England region, however, I show that high rent is the primary cause of unaffordability in high-cost, high-wage metro areas. This decomposition can help affordability advocates prioritise strategies appropriately across space.
Introduction to the Special Issue: Short-term Rentals and the Housing Market
Authors:   School of Architecture, Design and Planning, University of Sydney, Australia, Gurran Nicole , Redmond Declan ,   School of Architecture, Planning and Environmental Policy, University College Dublin, Ireland
Published: June 2021

Editorial.
Short-Term Rentals and the Residential Housing System: Lessons from Berlin
Authors:   Curtin University, Western Australia, Australia, Crowe Adam
Published: June 2021

The increasing professionalisation of Airbnb-style short-term rentals has emerged within a grey space between residential housing and hotel accommodation. Subsequently, an array of contestations have arisen, due in no small part to the intangibility of online short-term rental platforms as well as the absence of clear regulation at the municipal level. In urban settings already confronted with housing issues such as supply shortages and reduced affordability, recent studies show how the proliferation of short-term rentals can amplify housing market pressure while feeding into the broader urban processes of gentrification, touristification, and displacement. Using Berlin, Germany, as a site of analysis, this paper explores the expansion of short-term rentals in relation to various policy interventions designed to regulate the conversion of residential housing into tourist accommodation.
Understanding Short-Term Rental Regulation: A Case Study of Lisbon (Portugal)
Authors:   IST, Department of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Geo-resources, Lisbon, Portugal, Almeida Joana , Oliveira Frederico ,   PBH, Municipal Foundation of Culture, Belo Horizonte, Brazil, Silva Jorge ,   IST, Department of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Geo-resources, Lisbon,  Portugal
Published: June 2021

Notwithstanding the positive impacts of short-term rentals (STRs), it is often their negative effects that have been raising pressing questions for urban planners and public policy-makers, including changes in housing dynamics, conflicts between residents and visitors, tourism gentrification phenomena, unfair competition practices, and tax evasion, among other externalities. Because of this, short-term rental regulation has become an important item on the political agenda of municipalities that live daily with these issues. In order to contribute to a better understanding of STR regulatory approaches, this paper investigates how Lisbon (Portugal) has been responding to the effects attributed to STRs. It can be concluded that the main negative impact of STR in Lisbon is its effects on the housing prices increase and that the main STR regulation measure is focused on zoning: definition of zones for the application of differentiated STR rules and management.
Design and mathematical analysis of a metasurface-based THz bandpass
filter with an equivalent circuit model
Authors: Paul Ananga , Nilotpal  , Bhattacharyya Somak , Dwivedi Smrity
Published: June 2021

This paper presents successive studies of single-, double-, and
triple-layered metasurface-based bandpass filters along with their
equivalent circuit modeling and mathematical analyses. A
triple-layered bandpass filter operating in the THz region is reported
exhibiting flattop passband response while maintaining transmission of
more than 95% over the entire passband starting from the design of a
single-layered bandpass filter configuration. A stepwise mathematical
analysis is carried out for the single-layered structure and compared
with the simulation data, where the two results have been found in
good agreement. Thereafter, the study is extended for double- and
triple-layer bandpass filters. The triple-layered structure offers a
very steep transition between passband and stopband with noise-free
background, and thereby offers a potential candidate for 6G
communication.
Distortion correction based on off-axis Schwarzschild two-mirror hyperspectral imager
Authors: Yang Lei , Nie Boyang , Wei Lidong , Xu Li , Jing Juanjuan , Zhou Jinsong , He Xiaoying , Feng Lei , Li Yacan
Published: June 2021

A new method of distortion correction based on the off-axis Schwarzschild two-mirror hyperspectral imager is proposed in this paper. The polynomial model is used to indicate the distortion in the pushbroom direction and the correction method is based on linear feature. The radial distortion model is used to indicate the vertical pushbroom direction of distortion and the correction method is based on the cross ratio invariance. Compared with the common precision angle measurement method, this method is simple and efficient. This method can be applied to the distortion correction of the non-mapping pushbroom hyperspectral imager.
Flexible dynamic structural color based on an ultrathin asymmetric Fabry-Perot cavity with phase-change material for temperature perception
Authors: Zhao Jiancun , Zhou Yi , Huo Yihui , Gao Bo , Ma Yungui , Yu Yiting
Published: June 2021

Dynamic structural color has attracted considerable attentions due to its good tunable characteristics. Here, an ultrathin asymmetric Fabry-Perot (FP)-type structural color with phase-change material VO2 cavity is proposed. The color-switching performance can be realized by temperature regulation due to the reversible monoclinic-rutile phase transition of VO2. The various, vivid structural color can be generated by simply changing the thickness of VO2 and Ag layers. Moreover, the simple structural configuration enables a large-scale, low-cost preparation on both rigid and flexible substrates. Accordingly, a flexible dynamic structural color membrane is adhered on a cup with a curved surface to be used for temperature perception. The proposed dynamic structural color has potential applications in anti-counterfeiting, temperature perception, camouflage coatings among other flexible optoelectronic devices.
Introduction and measurement of the effective Verdet constant of spun optical fibers
Authors: Yao Penghui , Chen Xiaojun , Hao Peng , Xiao Hao , Ding Zhenyang , Liu Tiegen , Steve Yao X.
Published: June 2021

We introduce the term effective Verdet constant to describe the effect of spun fiber fabrication parameters on the Faraday polarization rotation sensitivity in response to a longitudinal magnetic field along the fiber. We obtain the expression of the effective Verdet constant of a spun fiber showing that it is always less than that of an ideal fiber free of birefringence by a factor relating to the ratio of spin twist rate to unspun fiber retardation per unit length. The larger the ratio, the closer the effective Verdet constant to that of the ideal fiber is. By measuring the polarization rotation in spun fibers with a highly accurate polarization analysis system made with binary polarization rotators, we experimentally obtain the effective Verdet constants of three different high birefringence spun fibers from three different manufactures at 1310 nm, with values of 1.07 × 10−6 rad/A, 1.05 × 10−6 rad/A, and 1.04 × 10−6 rad/A, respectively, which are 98%, 96%, and 95% of that of the ideal fused silica fiber free of birefringence. Our work is important for understanding the Faraday Effect in the spun optical fibers, as well as for quantifying the Faraday sensitivity of different spun fibers for electrical current and magnetic field sensing applications.
Telocytes: An Emerging Component of Stem Cell Niche Microenvironment
Authors: Rosa Irene , Marini Mirca , Manetti Mirko
Published: June 2021

Telocytes (TCs) are newly identified interstitial cells characterized by thin and long cytoplasmic processes, called telopodes, which exhibit a distinctive moniliform shape and, often, a sinuous trajectory. Telopodes typically organize in intricate networks within the stromal space of most organs, where they communicate with neighboring cells by means of specialized cell-to-cell junctions or shedding extracellular vesicles. Hence, TCs are generally regarded as supporting cells that help in the maintenance of local tissue homeostasis, with an ever-increasing number of studies trying to explore their functions both in physiological and pathological conditions. Notably, TCs appear to be part of stem cell (SC) niches in different organs, including the intestine, skeletal muscle, heart, lung, and skin. Indeed, growing evidence points toward a possible implication of TCs in the regulation of the activity of tissue-resident SCs and in shaping the SC niche microenvironment, thus contributing to tissue renewal and repair. Here, we review how the introduction of TCs into the scientific literature has deepened our knowledge of the stromal architecture focusing on the intestine and skeletal muscle, two organs in which the recently unveiled unique relationship between TCs and SCs is currently in the spotlight as potential target for tissue regenerative purposes.
RD internationalization, domestic technology alliance, and innovation in emerging market
Authors: Li Jingjing , Liu Gang , Ma Zihan
Published: June 2021

Although R&D internationalization plays an important role in enterprises’ globalization, few studies explore the mechanism of R&D internationalization and emerging market companies’ innovation, or the relationship between R&D internationalization, domestic technology alliances and absorptive capacity. How does the R&D internationalization of emerging market enterprises affect the innovation of those enterprises? Under fierce market competition, do absorption capacity and domestic technology alliances have a significant impact on enterprise innovation? From the perspective of the knowledge-based view, this paper studies 185 enterprises undergoing R&D internationalization in China from 2012 to 2017, using high-dimensional Poisson fixed effects model, we use instrumental (HDFE IV) estimation to explain the impact of R&D internationalization on the innovation of the parent company and the mechanism behind it. The study finds that R&D internationalization positively promotes the parent company’s innovation, and domestic technology alliances and absorptive capacity play a partial mediator role in R&D internationalization. In the face of fierce market competition, domestic technical alliances play a significant role in promoting enterprise innovation, while absorptive capacity plays a negative role in promoting enterprise innovation with the moderating effect of market competition.
Evaluation of the design and implementation of municipal ice cleat distribution programs for the prevention of ice-related fall injuries among older adults in Sweden
Authors: Holmberg Robin , Gustavsson Johanna , Bonander Carl
Published: June 2021

Introduction

The risk for outdoor falls tends to increase during winter due to icy road conditions. Several Swedish municipalities have introduced programs that provide their senior citizens with a pair of ice cleats in an attempt to tackle this problem. In this paper, we perform a process evaluation to identify potential barriers to the success of these programs and analyze the logic of their design.

Methods

We sent a survey to all 290 Swedish municipalities to collect data on the characteristics of ice cleat distribution programs. We also performed focus-group interviews with older adults to gain insight into their thoughts about ice cleat programs. We synthesized our data with existing literature on ice cleats and behavior change theory to populate a logic model to identify and analyze hidden assumptions and potential flaws using program theory analysis.

Results

On average, about 40% of the eligible population living in the intervention municipalities collected a pair of ice cleats. While we identified some other, but mostly minor, barriers to implementation, the main barrier appears to be a lack of scale (i.e., insufficient procurement and distribution of ice cleats), as 90% of all purchased ice cleats were eventually distributed. While previous research suggests that ice cleats can decrease injury risks if worn, we find that there is limited evidence on the effects of distribution on ice cleat use. Our interviewees emphasized the potential utility of ice cleats for staying safe and active during winter but stressed that ice cleats need to be user-friendly and of high-quality to increase the likelihood that a distribution program encourages behavior change.

Conclusion

Existing ice cleat distribution programs appear to have reached a meaningful share of the targeted population. Additional research is required to assess their effects on ice cleat use and injury rates.
The impact of timetable on student’s absences and performance
Authors: Larabi-Marie-Sainte Souad , Jan Roohi , Al-Matouq Ali , Alabduhadi Sara
Published: June 2021

Student’s academic performance is the point of interest for both the student and the academic institution in higher education. This performance can be affected by several factors and one of them is student absences. This is mainly due to the missed lectures and other class activities. Studies related to university timetabling investigate the different techniques and algorithms to design course timetables without analyzing the relationship between student attendance behavior and timetable design. This article first aimed at demonstrating the impact of absences and timetabling design on student’s academic performance. Secondly, this study showed that the number of absences can be caused by three main timetable design factors: namely, (1) the number of courses per semester, (2) the average number of lectures per day and (3) the average number of free timeslots per day. This was demonstrated using Educational Data Mining on a large dataset collected from Prince Sultan University. The results showed a high prediction performance reaching 92% when predicting student’s GPA based on absences and the factors related to timetabling design. High prediction performance reaching 87% was also obtained when predicting student absences based on the three timetable factors mentioned above. The results demonstrated the importance of designing course timetables in view of student absence behavior. Some suggestions were reported such as limiting the number of enrolled courses based on student’s GPA, avoiding busy and almost free days and using automated timetabling to minimize the number of predicted absences. This in turn will help in generating balanced student timetables, and thus improving student academic performance.
Effect of prebiotics on growth and health of dairy calves: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lopes R. Branco , Bernal-Córdoba C. , Fausak E. D. , Silva-del-Río N.
Published: June 2021

Prebiotic supplementation has been studied as a means to enhance growth and health in dairy calves; however, results seem to be inconsistent across studies. The first objective of the future review is to identify, summarize, appraise, and discuss the current literature on the prebiotic supplementation for dairy calves. The second objective is to evaluate the effect of prebiotic supplementation on growth and health of dairy calves. Eligible studies will be non-randomized and randomized controlled trials in English, Spanish, or Portuguese that examined the supplementation of prebiotics to dairy calves (up to 6 months of age) and reported growth or health outcomes. The main growth outcomes will be average daily gain, feed efficiency, and main health outcomes will be fecal score and diarrhea incidence. A search will be conducted in Biosis, CAB Abstracts, Medline, Scopus, and the Dissertations and Theses Database with the support of a UC Davis librarian. Two reviewers independently will screen the titles and abstracts of retrieved studies. The screening of full manuscripts will be performed by one reviewer. The data extraction will be executed based on pre-tested forms. Risk of bias will be assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool. If feasible, a random-effects meta-analysis will be conducted. Heterogeneity will be evaluated with I2 statistic. If possible, publication bias will be investigated by using funnel plots, Begg’s adjusted rank correlation, and Egger’s test. The certainty of the evidence will be determined using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations) approach. The proposed review will contribute to the current knowledge on prebiotic supplementation for dairy calves; this information may guide management decision at the farm level and identify gaps of knowledge to be addressed in future research. The protocol is registered in Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/ar5g2/) and available in the Systematic Reviews for Animals and Food (http://www.syreaf.org/contact/).
The effect of human amnion epithelial cells on lung development and inflammation in preterm lambs exposed to antenatal inflammation
Authors: Papagianis Paris Clarice , Ahmadi-Noorbakhsh Siavash , Lim Rebecca , Wallace Euan , Polglase Graeme , Pillow J. Jane , Moss Timothy J.
Published: June 2021

Background

Lung inflammation and impaired alveolarization are hallmarks of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). We hypothesize that human amnion epithelial cells (hAECs) are anti-inflammatory and reduce lung injury in preterm lambs born after antenatal exposure to inflammation.

Methods

Pregnant ewes received either intra-amniotic lipopolysaccharide (LPS, fromE.coli055:B5; 4mg) or saline (Sal) on day 126 of gestation. Lambs were delivered by cesarean section at 128 d gestation (term ~150 d). Lambs received intravenous hAECs (LPS/hAECs: n = 7; 30x106cells) or equivalent volumes of saline (LPS/Sal, n = 10; or Sal/Sal, n = 9) immediately after birth. Respiratory support was gradually de-escalated, aimed at early weaning from mechanical ventilation towards unassisted respiration. Lung tissue was collected 1 week after birth. Lung morphology was assessed and mRNA levels for inflammatory mediators were measured.

Results

Respiratory support required by LPS/hAEC lambs was not different to Sal/Sal or LPS/Sal lambs. Lung tissue:airspace ratio was lower in the LPS/Sal compared to Sal/Sal lambs (P<0.05), but not LPS/hAEC lambs. LPS/hAEC lambs tended to have increased septation in their lungs versus LPS/Sal (P = 0.08). Expression of inflammatory cytokines was highest in LPS/hAECs lambs.

Conclusions

Postnatal administration of a single dose of hAECs stimulates a pulmonary immune response without changing ventilator requirements in preterm lambs born after intrauterine inflammation.
Multilevel geospatial analysis of factors associated with unskilled birth attendance in Ghana
Authors: Bediako Vincent Bio , Boateng Ebenezer N. K. , Owusu Bernard Afriyie , Dickson Kwamena Sekyi
Published: June 2021

Background

Globally, about 810 women die every day due to pregnancy and its related complications. Although the death of women during pregnancy or childbirth has declined from 342 deaths to 211 deaths per 100,000 live births between 2000 and 2017, maternal mortality is still higher, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, where 86% of all deaths occur.

Methods

A secondary analysis was carried out using the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey. A sample total of 4,290 women who had a live birth in the 5 years preceding the survey was included in the analysis. GIS software was used to explore the spatial distribution of unskilled birth attendance in Ghana. The Geographic Weighted Regression (GWR) was employed to model the spatial relationship of some predictor of unskilled birth attendance. Moreover, a multilevel binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with unskilled birth attendance.

Results

In this study, unskilled birth attendance had spatial variations across the country. The hotspot, cluster and outlier analysis identified the concerned districts in the north-eastern part of Ghana. The GWR analysis identified different predictors of unskilled birth attendance across districts of Ghana. In the multilevel analysis, mothers with no education, no health insurance coverage, and mothers from households with lower wealth status had higher odds of unskilled birth attendance. Being multi and grand multiparous, perception of distance from the health facility as not a big problem, urban residence, women residing in communities with medium and higher poverty level had lower odds of unskilled birth attendance.

Conclusion

Unskilled birth attendance had spatial variations across the country. Areas with high levels of unskilled birth attendance had mothers who had no formal education, not health insured, mothers from poor households and communities, primiparous women, mothers from remote and border districts could get special attention in terms of allocation of resources including skilled human power, and improved access to health facilities.
Systemic complement activation levels in Stargardt disease
Authors: Dhooge Patty P. A. , Runhart Esmee H. , Li Catherina H. Z. , de Kat Angelino Corrie M. , Hoyng Carel B. , van der Molen Renate G. , den Hollander Anneke I.
Published: June 2021

Purpose

Preclinical research provides evidence for the complement system as a potential common pathway in Stargardt disease (STGD1) and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) leading to retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) loss. However, systemic complement activation has not yet been assessed in STGD1 patients. We conducted a cross-sectional case-control study to assess systemic complement activation in STGD1 patients and its association with disease severity.

Methods

Systemic concentrations of complement component C3 and its degradation product C3d were compared between 80 STGD1 patients and 80 controls that were frequency matched for age and sex. The C3d/C3 ratio was used as parameter of systemic complement activation. Within the STGD1 cohort, we additionally examined the association between the C3d/C3 ratio, demographic and behavioural factors (age, sex, smoking and BMI), and measures of disease severity (age at onset, visual acuity, and area of atrophy).

Results

The C3d/C3 ratio did not significantly differ between patients (mean C3d/C3 ratio 3.5±1.4) and controls (mean C3d/C3 ratio 3.6±1.0), mean difference -0.156 (p = 0.804, independent samples t-test). The overall effect size was 8% (95% confidence interval, 3–15%). Elevated C3d/C3 ratios (>8.1) were found in three patients who all had a concomitant inflammatory condition at the time of blood draw. Within the patient cohort, C3 levels were associated with sex (mean difference -134, p = 0.001, independent samples t-test) and BMI (correlation coefficient 0.463, p<0.001, Spearman’s Correlation).

Conclusions

Systemic complement levels were not elevated in STGD1 patients compared to age and sex matched controls and was not associated with STGD1 severity. Considering the continued absent proof of a systemic contribution of the complement system to RPE loss in STGD1 patients, we hypothesize that complement activation in STGD1 is more likely a local process. In light of upcoming complement-targeted therapies, further studies are needed that measure complement levels in the eye of STGD1 patients.
The mitochondrial genome of the semi-slug Omalonyx unguis (Gastropoda: Succineidae) and the phylogenetic relationships within Stylommatophora
Authors: Guzmán Leila Belén , Vogler Roberto Eugenio , Beltramino Ariel Aníbal
Published: June 2021

Here we report the first complete mitochondrial genome of the semi-slug Omalonyx unguis (d’Orbigny, 1836) (Gastropoda: Succineidae). Sequencing was performed on a specimen from Argentina. Assembly was performed using Sanger data and Illumina next generation sequencing (NGS). The mitogenome was 13,984 bp in length and encoded the 37 typical Metazoan genes. A potential origin for mitochondrial DNA replication was found in a non-coding intergenic spacer (49 bp) located between cox3 and tRNA-Ile genes, and its secondary structure was characterized. Secondary structure models of the tRNA genes of O. unguis largely agreed with those proposed for other mollusks. Secondary structure models for the two rRNA genes were also obtained. To our knowledge, the 12S-rRNA model derived here is the first complete one available for mollusks. Phylogenetic analyses based on the mitogenomes of O. unguis and 37 other species of Stylommatophora were performed using amino acid sequences from the 13 protein-coding genes. Our results located Succineoidea as a sister group of Helicoidea + Urocoptoidea, similar to previous studies based on mitochondrial genomes. The gene arrangement of O. unguis was identical to that reported for another species of Succineoidea. The unique rearrangements observed for this group within Stylommatophora, may constitute synapomorphies for the superfamily.
Physico-chemical aspects of Thai fermented fish viscera, Tai-Pla, curry powder processed by hot air drying and hybrid microwave-infrared drying
Authors: Choopan Warongporn , Panpipat Worawan , Nisoa Mudtorlep , Cheong Ling-Zhi , Chaijan Manat
Published: June 2021

The objective of this research was to comparatively investigate the effect of hot air drying (HA) and hybrid microwave-infrared drying (MI) on physico-chemical characteristics of Thai fermented fish viscera, Tai-Pla, curry powder (TCP). HA was carried out at 60°C, 70°C, and 80°C and MI was carried out at a microwave power of 740, 780, and 810 W with a constant infrared heating power (500 W) for different drying times to obtain the final moisture content ≤ 12.0% and the water activity (aw) ≤ 0.6. The quality characteristics of TCP were governed by HA temperature and MI output power. TCP dried using HA and MI at all conditions had similar contents of protein, lipid, ash, fiber, and carbohydrate (p>0.05). The fastest drying rate was detected when MI at 810 W for 40 min was applied (p<0.05). In this condition, TCP had the lowest browning index (A294 and A420) and the highest lightness (L* value) (p<0.05). TCP dried with MI at all powers had higher phenolic content and lower TBARS compared to HA (p<0.05). However, no significant differences in DPPH• scavenging activity were observed among TPC made by HA and MI (p>0.05). Similar Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra with different peak intensities were observed in all samples, indicating the same functional groups with different contents were found. The bulk density of all TCP ranged from 0.51 g/mL to 0.61 g/mL and the wettability ranged from 24.02% to 26.70%. MI at 810 W for 40 min effectively reduced the drying time (5-fold faster) and lowered the specific energy consumption (18-fold lower) compared to the HA at 60°C for 210 min. Therefore, MI is a promising drying technique to reduce the drying time and improve the overall quality of TCP.
Fatty infiltration in cervical flexors and extensors in patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy using a multi-muscle segmentation model
Authors: Paliwal Monica , Weber Kenneth A. , Smith Andrew C. , Elliott James M. , Muhammad Fauziyya , Dahdaleh Nader S. , Bodurka Jerzy , Dhaher Yasin , Parrish Todd B. , Mackey Sean , Smith Zachary A.
Published: June 2021

Background

In patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) that have spinal cord compression and sensorimotor deficits, surgical decompression is often performed. However, there is heterogeneity in clinical presentation and post-surgical functional recovery.

Objectives

Primary: a) to assess differences in muscle fat infiltration (MFI) in patients with DCM versus controls, b) to assess association between MFI and clinical disability. Secondary: to assess association between MFI pre-surgery and post-surgical functional recovery.

Study design

Cross-sectional case control study.

Methods

Eighteen patients with DCM (58.6 ± 14.2 years, 10 M/8F) and 25 controls (52.6 ± 11.8 years, 13M/12 F) underwent 3D Dixon fat-water imaging. A convolutional neural network (CNN) was used to segment cervical muscles (MFSS- multifidus and semispinalis cervicis, LC- longus capitis/colli) and quantify MFI. Modified Japanese Orthopedic Association (mJOA) and Nurick were collected.

Results

Patients with DCM had significantly higher MFI in MFSS (20.63 ± 5.43 vs 17.04 ± 5.24, p = 0.043) and LC (18.74 ± 6.7 vs 13.66 ± 4.91, p = 0.021) than controls. Patients with increased MFI in LC and MFSS had higher disability (LC: Nurick (Spearman’s ρ = 0.436, p = 0.003) and mJOA (ρ = -0.399, p = 0.008)). Increased MFI in LC pre-surgery was associated with post-surgical improvement in Nurick (ρ = -0.664, p = 0.026) and mJOA (ρ = -0.603, p = 0.049).

Conclusion

In DCM, increased muscle adiposity is significantly associated with sensorimotor deficits, clinical disability, and functional recovery after surgery. Accurate and time efficient evaluation of fat infiltration in cervical muscles may be conducted through implementation of CNN models.
Crianças e infância: desde o cotidiano a educação infantil do campo no território transxingu
Authors: Pinho Vilma Aparecida , Freitas Léia Gonçalves
Published: June 2021

Este artigo objetiva refletir sobre a educação de criança em idade pré-escola que desenvolvem a sua formação em escolas do campo na trama cotidiana da partilha de experiências com crianças maiores e com possibilidades de aprendizagens diferentes. A metodologia utilizada foi a pesquisa de campo com abordagem qualitativa. Em relação aos resultados, os dados analisados apontaram que o processo de ensino e aprendizagem das crianças pequenas atendidas em escolas do campo, considera em seu desenvolvimento a formação socioeducativa na trama cotidiana de experiências, considerando nesse percurso os deslocamentos nos espaços, as formas de organização dos ambientes e das atividades propostas, o reconhecimento de seus direitos e a realização de práticas portadoras de movimentos amplos, constituidoras da ampliação biopsicossocial.
Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TICs) e trabalho docente: desafio pedagógico
Authors: Garcia Pires Pierre André , Silva Liziany Lopes da
Published: June 2021

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo geral analisar os desafios pedagógicos frente às tecnologias de informação e comunicação. Também apresenta como objetivos específicos situar o leitor nas mudanças organizacionais da sociedade, da educação e das tecnologias, fazendo uma análise sobre a mediação pedagógica e o uso das tecnologias; por fim, verificar os impactos da informatização das escolas. A metodologia utilizada nesse artigo foi a bibliográfica e empírica. A educação na forma institucionalizada assumiu grandes responsabilidades com o tempo, que além de ser a responsável por transmitir os conhecimentos produzidos socialmente, elas têm uma responsabilidade social profunda. Educadores precisam, para garantir que essa educação atenda as exigências de qualidade vigente, compreender seu contexto histórico-social, econômico e ideológico; aos professores entender sua responsabilidade como mediador pedagógico, ter bem estabelecido suas metodologias no uso das tecnologias de informação e comunicação, além de discutir a importãncia da formação continuada para o processo educacional. Assim, as discussões realizadas neste trabalho estão embasadas em Frigotto (2006), Moran (2015), Lima e Moura (2015), Heller (2004), Meirieu (2005), Moran, Macetto, e Behens (2007), entre outros.
Aspectos históricos do teatro na legislação educacional: uma reflexão teórico-crítica
Authors: Castro Leonardo Augusto Madureira de , Ferreira Isabella Fernanda
Published: June 2021

Resumo

Com o intuito de melhor compreender os caminhos pelos quais o Teatro se desenvolveu dentro do âmbito educacional, este artigo busca nos principais documentos legais, tais como as Leis de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional (LDBN) que discorrem sobre arte e educação como a Lei nº 9.394/96 e os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais (PCN’s), traçar um paralelo entre as discussões de autores da área, como Barbosa e Santana e as principais mudanças e caminhos no qual o Teatro, e em consequência a Arte, sofreu ao longo de tantos anos, buscando deslumbrar possíveis encaminhamentos sobre possibilidades de enfrentamentos e novas perspectivas para a área sem sínteses téoricas em coerência com a dialética negativa proposta pela Teoria Crítica.

Palavras-chave: Teatro; Legislação; Teoria Crítica
Sei como sou? Análise dos processos metacognitivos utilizados pelos estudantes em situações de atividades escolares
Authors: Rosa Cleci Teresinha Werner , Ribeiro Cassia de Andrade Gomes , Rosa Alvaro Becker da
Published: June 2021

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo descrever um estudo sobre as formas como estudantes do ensino médio identificam recorrer aos seus processos metacognitivos durante a realização de atividades de aprendizagem, bem como confrontá-las com as manifestações detectadas por observadores externos em duas situações distintas. Para isso, recorre à aplicação de um questionário metacognitivo e, a partir dele, seleciona um grupo de estudantes que são analisados durante duas atividades. Os alunos participantes constituem dois grupos distintos, os que declaram recorrer aos processos de pensamento metacognitivo e os que admitem ter dificuldades para isso. Dos resultados se pode inferir que tais grupos não se mantêm distintos quando investigados frente aos novos instrumentos de pesquisa. Com isso, conclui-se que a amostra investigada apresenta dificuldades para identificar seus processos metacognitivos.
Infância, cinema, lirismo: a poética do sonho de Wadjda
Authors: Vasconcelos Michele de Freitas Faria de , Prates Rui Benevides , De Melo Marcos Ribeiro
Published: June 2021

Aproximando imagens cinematográficas, poéticas e traquinagens, este artigo procura desestabilizar certezas sobre infância e relações de gênero. Experimentando uma etnografia de tela, nos encontramos com “O sonho de Wadjda”, em uma dupla caminhada: acompanhando os passos da menina-personagem e da diretora do longa-metragem, Haiffa Al Mansour, em suas possibilidades de transver, desdizer, inventar realidades. Enquanto esta subverte seu lugar de mulher-cineasta na cultura androcêntrica/patriarcal árabe, Wadjda, guiada pelo desejo de comprar uma bicicleta verde, põe em xeque as engrenagens religiosa e escolar que limitam seu território existencial. Mansour e Wadja reinventam a própria vida e, assim, nos convidam a embarcar em devires-criança e devires-mulher.
O conceito de politização da maternidade como legado de pesquisa
Authors: Vione Schwengber Maria Simone , Klein Carin
Published: June 2021

O artigo aborda argumentos engendrados por Meyer (2003; 2005; 2006; 2009) sobre o conceito de politização da maternidade. As disputas em torno da maternidade no século XXI ocorrem marcadas pelo fortalecimento dos feminismos e em resposta ao adensamento de algumas práticas culturais e políticas que operam com recursos econômicos, simbólicos e educativos em alguns eixos: o controle sobre os corpos das mulheres, a maternidade e o lugar do Estado. Apresentamos análises decorrentes de duas pesquisas de doutorado, uma com foco nas responsabilidades individuais de uma politização da maternidade e outra voltada para a responsabilização coletiva pela via das políticas de inclusão social. A primeira examina a politização do corpo grávido, e a outra discute a politização da maternidade no âmbito de políticas públicas brasileiras, sobretudo, no Primeira Infância Melhor/RS.
Entrevista com Guacira Louro
Authors: Seffner Fernando
Published: June 2021

Sem resumo
Políticas de atenção à diversidade: do pagamento da dívida social ao respeito à diferença
Authors: Graff Patrícia
Published: June 2021

As políticas de atenção à diversidade constituem a materialidade da presente pesquisa, que tomou o deslocamento de ênfase entre a desigualdade e o direito à diferença como foco de análise, buscando entender com a educação se coloca nesse quadro ao se propor a reduzir uma dívida social histórica direcionada a alguns grupos identitários específicos. Vinculada ao campo dos Estudos Foucaultianos, a pesquisa usou os conceitos de prática e de normalização como ferramentas, no exercício analítico empreendido sobre um conjunto de materiais publicado pelo Ministério da Educação. Os resultados apontam que as políticas de atenção à diversidade fazem circular práticas de normalização da diferença e têm se mostrado insuficientes para reduzir as desigualdades e para atenuar as práticas de discriminação, na Contemporaneidade.
Ticking Time Bomb: Implications of the Covid-19 Lockdown on E-Waste Management in Developing Countries
Authors: Adejumo Oludamilola , Oluduro Olubisi Friday
Published: June 2021

The coronavirus pandemic has altered the course of events globally since the outbreak of the corona virus disease (COVID-19) late 2019 further giving credence to the long standing beliefthat the world is indeed a global village. There have been different responses by countries to the raging pandemic including imposition of lockdowns, quarantine and isolation. The imposition of the lockdown whether full or partial, has not been without major consequences leading to resort to information, communication and technological (ICT) based measures to minimize the effect of the lockdown and as an alternative to physical interactions. The use of ICT devices to bridge the gaps created by the lockdown on schools, business offices and other sectors, has led to increased use of electronic devices. The challenge of electronic waste (e-waste) management in developing countries has been on for a while and the increased use of electronic devices is likely to compound the challenge during, and post COVID-19. Whilst the development of ICT based options as viable alternative to face-to-face interactions may not be a negative development, the paper argues that the existing frameworks are inadequate to manage the resultant increase in e-waste in most developing countries and that there is need more than ever before for developing countries to exercise caution in embracing these ICT based options without putting in place measures to ensure that there is increased capacity to manage and dispose the e-waste created thereby.
KORESPONDENSI MANUSIA DAN KOSMOS DALAM KOSMOLOGI SUFISME IBNU 'ARABI DAN ACHMAD ASRORI AL-ISHAQI
Authors: Yaqin Ainul
Published: June 2021

This research aims to determine the ihwal of correspondence between humans and cosmos according to the Sufism cosmological’s thingking of Ibn ‘Arabi and al-Ishaqi, which of course these two ideas will be compared. This ihwal correspondence caused a polemic because it was closely related to divine thing. In the Sufism cosmology, humans and the cosmos were placed in a position that aimed at reflecting God’s self-manifestation. To determine the ihwal correspondence, this research use library research method. Meanwhile to achieve the result of data analysis as expected, the study uses inductive and comparative method also analysis from hermeneutic theory of Hans-Georg Gadamer. The result of this research determine that Ibn ‘Arabi and al-Ishaqi approve this two entity that become one each other to keep and preserve the actualization of God’s self-manifestation. But, according al-Ishaqi, this correspondence places the universe as part of human, because human is macrocosm and cosmos is microcosm. This thought different with Ibn ‘Arabi which positions human as part of the universe with the cosmic structure that said human is microcosm and cosmos is macrocosm. Despite different this specification, human and cosmos have to complement each other to achieve His-determination like interaction between subjects each other.