bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic Effects of Punica granatum (Pomegranate): An Updated Review of Clinical Trials
Authors: Eghbali Samira , Askari Sayyedeh Fatemeh , Avan Razieh , Sahebkar Amirhossein
Published: November 2021

Punica granatum L. belongs to the Punicaceae family which is distributed around the world. Different parts of pomegranate like seed, peel, juice, and leaves are rich in potential bioactive compounds. These plants have found application in traditional medicine such as in treatment of gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and endocrine diseases, among others. The present review aimed to summarize the current research on the traditional and scientific applications of P. granatum with regard to the phytochemical content and clinical applications that may be useful for future drug development. Information about P. granatum was obtained from local classic herbal literature and electronic databases, such as PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. Several phytochemical constituents including polyphenolics, flavonoids, anthocyanosides, alkaloids, lignans, and triterpenes have been reported from the plant. Randomized clinical trials have provided evidence as to the pharmacological activities of pomegranate in several diseases including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, oral cavity disorders, endocrine disorders, and cancer. The present review has provided an insight into the traditional applications of the plants, and some of them have been validated by scientific evidence, particularly their applications as treatment of cardiovascular and endocrine diseases.
Camellia japonica Essential Oil Inhibits α-MSH-Induced Melanin Production and Tyrosinase Activity in B16F10 Melanoma Cells
Authors: Ha Si Young , Jung Ji Young , Yang Jae-Kyung
Published: November 2021

Essential oils are aromatic oils extracted from the leaves, stems, peels, petals, and roots of aromatic plants grown in nature or grown in organic methods and have various medical effects as natural substances. The essential oil extracted from Camellia japonica seeds exhibits various functional properties; however, its tyrosinase inhibitory activity has not been investigated extensively. This study is performed to investigate the chemical composition and tyrosinase inhibitory activity of Camellia japonica seed essential oil (CJS-EO). Hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (42.36%) and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (23.28%) are the two primary components of CJS-EO, as identified via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The inhibitory activities of CJS-EO and positive control arbutin are further evaluated against mushroom tyrosinase. The results show that CJS-EO and arbutin inhibit tyrosinase activity. Moreover, CJS-EO significantly inhibits melanogenesis in the α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-treated group, and a significant amount of melanin is suppressed. To ascertain the cause of the CJS-EO tyrosinase inhibitory effect and melanin reduction effect, genetic and protein analyses are performed. Based on our results, we tentatively conclude that CJS-EO can inhibit melanocytes from harmful factors such as tyrosinase-related protein. These results demonstrate that CJS-EO possesses potent antityrosinase activity and may be a good skin-whitening agent.
A Fuzzy Logic and Multilevel Analysis-Based Evaluation Algorithm for Digital Teaching Quality in Colleges and Universities
Authors: Han Zhong
Published: November 2021

To address the limitations of the university digital teaching quality assessment algorithms as well as the large evaluation mistakes in the existing algorithms, this paper presents a unique university digital teaching quality evaluation method based on multilevel analysis. First, the existing state of digital teaching quality evaluation in colleges and universities is studied to develop an evaluation index for digital teaching quality. Then, to identify and compute the weight of digital teaching quality indicators, an index weight evaluation matrix is built and the weight of digital teaching quality assessment indicators is plotted using a multilevel structure tree model. Then, from the top to the bottom of the tree, this paper computes the hierarchical ranking of assessment indicators. Additionally, this paper computes the membership degree of index evaluation, normalises the evaluation indicators, and completes the digital teaching quality assessment with the digital teaching confidence calculation. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method’s digital teaching quality assessment index has a high degree of accuracy and low evaluation error.
Research on Spectrum Feature Identification of Indoor Multimodal Communication Signal
Authors: Chen Yunfei , Liu Yang , Fan Xintao
Published: November 2021

In order to solve the problem of large signal acquisition error caused by radio wave multipath effect in indoor environment, firstly, the signal source carried on the motion platform is collected for spectrum signal, and the signal processed by wavelet threshold denoising algorithms extracted and stored for spectrum feature extraction. Then, after data training and identification, the signal source is input into the system in random mode for identification. The experimental results show that the improved fuzzy clustering algorithm (FCA) is 12.7% higher than the spectrum envelope extraction method (SEEM) in the recognition rate of spectrum characteristics of different modes of signal source.
SLC41A3 Exhibits as a Carcinoma Biomarker and Promoter in Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Chang Qimeng , Xu Yayun , Wang Jianfa , Jing Hui , Rao Longhua , Tang Weiguo , Zhang Ziping , Wu Xubo
Published: November 2021

Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma (LIHC) is the fifth widely occurred carcinoma, which is thought to be the second primary contributor of carcinoma-associated death. There are almost 788,000 death tolls worldwide. Solute carrier family 41 member 3 (SLC41A3) is a member of solute carrier family 41, and it is the key point of numerous researches. Our research attempted to explore the links between SLC41A3 and LIHC through public databases. Higher expression of SLC41A3 displayed an intimate association with higher pathological stages and poorer prognosis. GO and KEGG analysis revealed the possible regulatory pathways of SLC41A3. Additionally, we carried out cell functional experiments to determine the expression of SLC41A3 in the cell lines of LIHC, as well as the effects of its silence on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Our data showed that SLC41A3 was greatly increased in the cell lines of LIHC. Moreover, silencing SLC41A3 impeded LIHC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro. Collectively, our study demonstrated that highly expressed SLC41A3 was a probable indication of LIHC occurrence, and SLC41A3 could be regarded as a prospective target in the treatment of LIHC.
Advances of Traditional Chinese Medicine Regulating Connexin43 in the Prevention and Treatment of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Liu Keke , Lv Meng , Ji Xiaodi , Lou Lixia , Nie Bo , Zhao Jiuli , Wu Aiming , Zhao Mingjing
Published: November 2021

Gap junctions are the main form of interaction between cardiomyocytes, through which the electrochemical activities between cardiomyocytes can be synchronized to maintain the normal function of the heart. Connexins are the basis of gap junctions. Changes in the expression, structural changes (e.g., phosphorylation and dephosphorylation), and distribution of connexins can affect the normal electrophysiological activities of the heart. Myocardial infarction (MI) and concurrent arrhythmia, shock, or heart failure can endanger life. The structural and functional damage of connexin (Cx) 43 in cardiomyocytes is a central part of the pathological progression of MI and is one of the main pathological mechanisms of arrhythmia after MI. Therefore, increasing Cx43 expression has become one of the main measures to prevent MI. Also, intervention in Cx43 expression can improve the structural and electrical remodeling of the myocardium to improve MI prognosis. Here, research progress of Cx43 in MI and its prevention and treatment using Traditional Chinese Medicine formulations is reviewed.
Curcumin Administered in Combination with Glu‐GNPs Induces Radiosensitivity in Transplanted Tumor MDA‐MB‐231‐luc Cells in Nude Mice
Authors: Li Mengjie , Lin Ling , Guo Tingting , Wu Yujian , Lin Jiayi , Liu Yuanyuan , Yang Ke , Hu Chenxia
Published: November 2021

Curcumin is a type of plant polyphenol extracted from Curcuma longa L. rhizome, which demonstrates antitumor activity in breast cancer cells in vitro. To investigate the combined effect and possible mechanism of curcumin and glucose‐gold nanoparticles (Glu‐GNPs), the radiosensitivity of breast carcinoma xenografts was assessed in nude mice. MDA-MB-231 cells labeled with firefly luciferase were inoculated into the mammary fatty pads of nude mice to establish a transplantation tumor model of human breast cancer. The tumor‐bearing mice were treated with different drugs (curcumin, Glu‐GNPs, and cisplatin) for 3 weeks prior to radiotherapy. The body weights and tumor volumes of the mice were measured in regular intervals. Tumor bioluminescence intensity was determined in real‐time using an in vivo bioluminescence imaging system to monitor tumor growth. Transplanted tumor tissue samples were taken for hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, and the expression of VEGF, HSP90, HIF‐1α, and MMP9 was evaluated via reverse transcription‐quantitative PCR or immunohistochemistry. The results revealed that the breast tumor‐bearing nude mouse model was successfully established, as evidenced by a stable expression of luciferase. Curcumin inhibited the growth of tumors without causing significant weight loss in mice. Furthermore, additive inhibition was demonstrated when curcumin was administered in combination with Glu‐GNPs and irradiation. Tumor bioluminescence intensity was decreased in the model group following curcumin, Glu‐GNPs, and irradiation treatment. HE staining demonstrated that transplanted tumors were malignant, with necrotic tissue exhibited centrally. It was concluded that curcumin administered in combination with Glu‐GNPs and X‐ray irradiation could reduce the protein expression of VEGF, HSP90, HIF‐1α, and MMP9 in tumor tissue when compared with the model group. Curcumin and Glu‐GNPs administered with X‐ray irradiation significantly inhibited tumor growth and induced radiosensitivity, which may be associated with the inhibition of angiogenesis in tumor tissue.
Evaluation of Identification and Susceptibility for Candida Spp. Isolated Directly from Positive Blood Culture Bottles
Authors: Celestino de Souza Ândrea , Goldani Luciano Z. , Roesch Eliane Würdig , Lutz Larissa , Barth Patricia Orlandi , André de Souza Sampaio Paulo , Aquino Valério Rodrigues , Pereira Dariane Castro
Published: November 2021

Determination of the susceptibility profile of isolates of Candida from blood culture bottles is extremely important for correctly guiding patient pharmacotherapy. The aim of this study was to compare the results of analysis of Candida isolated directly from blood culture bottles by the VITEK MS MALDI-TOF identification system and the fluconazole disk diffusion assay with those of standard identification methods. Testing directly from the bottle allowed results 24 to 48 hours quicker than the standard method. There was a categorical agreement of 51.64% (47 of 91 samples) between the results of analysis directly from the bottle and analysis by the standard method. Regarding species identification, there was 96.15% agreement for Candida parapsilosis (25 of 26 samples). Categorical agreement between the rapid and standard disk diffusion methods was 95%, and the agreement between the rapid disk diffusion method and the broth microdilution method was 97%. Only minor errors in the rapid method were observed: 3 (5%) in the standard disk diffusion method and 2 (3%) in the broth microdilution method. Our study concluded that the rapid disk diffusion method for fluconazole is a fast, easy, reproducible, and consistent method. Its timely implementation for testing antifungal agents in the clinical microbiology laboratory can help reduce profile release times, thus helping to determine the most appropriate antifungal treatment.
The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Smilax china L. Extract on LPS-Stimulated THP-1 via Downregulation of MAPK and NF-κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Jiang Siyi , Wei Qiong , Ye Xiaochuan , Luo Dan , Zhang Xiaoyan , Li Zhenglei , You Pengtao , Huang Xianzhang , Liu Yanwen
Published: November 2021

Background. Traditional Chinese medicine Smilax is the rhizome of liliaceous plant Smilax china L., which is used to treat pelvic inflammatory disease and anxieties. Purpose. To investigate the mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity of the extract from Smilax china L. (ES). Methods. The components of ES were identified by UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS. The anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated in xylene-induced ear oedema and egg white-induced plantar swelling test. Cell viability was examined by CCK-8 assay. The inflammatory mediators, proinflammatory cytokines, and MAPK and NF-κB signals in LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells were determined using ELISA, real-time PCR, and Western blot, respectively. Results. 20 compounds of ES were confirmed by comparing with the reference substance. ES displayed more prominent anti-inflammatory activity than the positive control “Jin Gang Teng” capsule in the in vivo acute inflammatory model. ES suppressed the expression of PGE2 and 6-Keot-PGF1α, and the ratio of IC50 (COX-1)/IC50 (COX-2) of ES was 3.15, which indicated that ES could selectively inhibit COX-2. ES dose-dependently (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/L) decreased the production and mRNA levels of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Furthermore, ES significantly decreased LPS-induced phosphorylation of p38, JNK, ERK1/2, and p65, inhibiting the expression of IKKα and the degradation of IκBα. Conclusion. The results suggested that ES could selectively inhibit the activity of COX-2, and the anti-inflammatory effect of ES was associated with the inhibition of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α via negative regulation of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways in LPS-induced THP-1 cells.
Invisible informality and the contribution of information modeling to data-based urban regulation
Authors: Lima Mariana Quezado Costa , Freitas Clarissa Figueiredo Sampaio , Cardoso Daniel Ribeiro
Published: November 2021

Recent studies have established the role of urban planning policies in feeding the growth of informal settlements in Brazilian cities, through the socio-spatial exclusion of low-income residents. The difficulties of reversing this exclusionary logic are due to several complex factors. A factor less discussed in Brazilian literature, which has began to draw the attention of scholars, is the invisibility of the informal city. This research assumes that it is necessary to regulate the urban form of precarious informal settlements, in order to prevent the deterioration of urban environmental quality. We highlight the importance of compiling data about their urban form and their built environment, in order to contribute to a reality-based regulatory policy for these settlements. After discussing the phenomenon of urban informality in Fortaleza, we applied a methodology that combines Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and City Information Modeling (CIM), to support the redefinition of urban rules for precarious settlements of informal origin. This procedure will reveal not only the extent of the inadequacies of the (past and current) land use and occupation codes, but will also present some potentialities of GIS and CIM to inform its redefinition.
Proposição para um modelo de implementação computacional: indicadores para o verde urbano (IVU)
Authors: Neves Thayssa Barbosa da Silva , Labaki Lucila Chebel
Published: November 2021

A cobertura vegetal é considerada como um elemento essencial no equilíbrio ambiental e biofílico da paisagem urbana. Entretanto, as áreas destinadas a essas têm sofrido com uma redução progressiva de prioridade de preservação e manejo, tanto em áreas consolidadas como em zonas de expansão urbana, evidenciando a necessidade de se reforçar/recriar ferramentas voltadas para a regulação deste parâmetro na legislação urbana. Propõe-se nesta pesquisa, portanto, um sistema de ferramentas denominado como Indicadores para o Verde Urbano (IVU), definido como uma implementação computacional de indicadores que, por meio de uma abordagem algorítmico-paramétrica, permite estabelecer a correlação existente entre os parâmetros de densidade construída e densidade vegetada. Para validar o sistema proposto, aplicou-se o IVU em testes hipotéticos e reais, sendo estes últimos realizados no bairro Altiplano Cabo Branco (João Pessoa – PB – Brasil). Os valores calculados nas situações hipotéticas serviram de base para o encaminhamento da aplicação do IVU em situações reais, cujo os resultados puderam ser confrontados com dados microclimáticos da cidade de João Pessoa (Ribeiro, 2014). Espera-se que a metodologia proposta pelo Indicadores para o Verde Urbano (IVU) possa auxiliar a fornecer dados de fundamental importância para alcançar maiores níveis de amenização do rigor climático que incide gradualmente nos grandes núcleos urbanos, assim como, contribuir para a promoção da implementação de medidas mais equitativas e ambientalmente qualificadas.
Editorial V17 N1 (2022)
Authors: Paraizo Rodrigo Cury , Vizioli Simone Helena Tanoue
Published: November 2021

Esta edição especial da revista Gestão & Tecnologia de Projetos (GTP) é a quinta iteração da parceria entre a Sociedade Ibero-americana de Gráfica Digital (SIGraDi) e a revista. Neste número, temos artigos pertencentes tanto ao congresso realizado em 2020, de natureza virtual, mas sediado em Bogotá, na Colômbia, pela Universidade Católica de Bogotá; e também artigos do congresso de 2019, realizado no Porto, em conjunto com o congresso da sociedade europeia Education and research in Computer Aided Architectural Design in Europe (eCAADe).
Oral manifestation of multiple myeloma: a case report
Authors: Tenório Jefferson da Rocha , Milani Basílio de Almeida , Matuck Bruno Fernandes
Published: November 2021

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a relatively uncommon oncohematological condition characterized by abnormal proliferation of plasma cells. Oral manifestations of MM can occur in soft and intraosseous parts. We present a case of a 69-year-old man diagnosed with MM and undergoing chemotherapy, referred to the dental service complaining of a nodular swelling in the maxilla. An incisional biopsy was conducted and the histopathological analysis showed a monoclonal proliferation of plasma cells with a positive CD 138 immunophenotype, which allowed the diagnosis of extramedullary plasmacytoma. The outcome of the case was unfavorable and the patient died. We emphasize the importance of diagnosing MM extramedullary disease in the maxillofacial region.
Blood Pressure Trajectory Groups and Outcome After Endovascular Thrombectomy: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Petersen Nils H. , Kodali Sreeja , Meng Can , Li Fangyong , Nguyen Cindy Khanh , Peshwe Krithika U. , Strander Sumita , Silverman Andrew , Kimmel Alexandra , Wang Anson , Anadani Mohammad , Almallouhi Eyad , Spiotta Alejandro M. , Kim Joon-Tae , Giles James A. , Keyrouz Salah G. , Farooqui Mudassir , Zevallos Cynthia , Maier Ilko L. , Psychogios Marios-Nikos , Liman Jan , Riou-Comte Nolwenn , Richard Sébastien , Gory Benjamin , Quintero Wolfe Stacey , Brown Patrick A. , Fargen Kyle M. , Mistry Eva A. , Fakhri Hiba , Mistry Akshitkumar M. , Wong Ka-Ho , de Havenon Adam , Nascimento Fábio A. , Kan Peter , Matouk Charles , Ortega-Gutiérrez Santiago , Sheth Kevin N.
Published: November 2021

Background:

Elevated blood pressure after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) has been associated with an increased risk of hemorrhagic transformation and poor functional outcomes. However, the optimal hemodynamic management after EVT remains unknown, and the blood pressure course in the acute phase of ischemic stroke has not been well characterized. This study aimed to identify patient subgroups with distinct blood pressure trajectories after EVT and study their association with radiographic and functional outcomes.

Methods:

This multicenter retrospective cohort study included consecutive patients with anterior circulation large-vessel occlusion ischemic stroke who underwent EVT. Repeated time-stamped blood pressure data were recorded for the first 72 hours after thrombectomy. Latent variable mixture modeling was used to separate subjects into five groups with distinct postprocedural systolic blood pressure (SBP) trajectories. The primary outcome was functional status, measured on the modified Rankin Scale 90 days after stroke. Secondary outcomes included hemorrhagic transformation, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, and death.

Results:

Two thousand two hundred sixty-eight patients (mean age [±SD] 69±15, mean National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale 15±7) were included in the analysis. Five distinct SBP trajectories were observed: low (18%), moderate (37%), moderate-to-high (20%), high-to-moderate (18%), and high (6%). SBP trajectory group was independently associated with functional outcome at 90 days (
P
<0.0001) after adjusting for potential confounders. Patients with high and high-to-moderate SBP trajectories had significantly greater odds of an unfavorable outcome (adjusted odds ratio, 3.5 [95% CI, 1.8–6.7],
P
=0.0003 and adjusted odds ratio, 2.2 [95% CI, 1.5–3.2],
P
<0.0001, respectively). Subjects in the high-to-moderate group had an increased risk of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (adjusted odds ratio, 1.82 [95% CI, 1–3.2];
P
=0.04). No significant association was found between trajectory group and hemorrhagic transformation.

Conclusions:

Patients with acute ischemic stroke demonstrate distinct SBP trajectories during the first 72 hours after EVT that have differing associations with functional outcome. These findings may help identify potential candidates for future blood pressure modulation trials.
Relative values
Authors: Godetzky Albert
Published: November 2021

Created in the 1580s and owned by the Amsterdam merchant Jacob Rauwaert, the three paintings by Cornelis van Haarlem considered in this article add an important dimension to the artist’s focus on the human figure by underscoring how the animal played an equally important part in Cornelis’s practice. Seen together, the paintings exhibit the attention to both human and animal bodies that Karel Van Mander encouraged artists to pursue. Yet, the hierarchy of human over animal indicated by Van Mander’s writings is, I argue, subverted by the particularly violent iconographies of Cornelis’s paintings. Suggesting human fallibility and a potential breakdown in the natural order, the paintings can be seen as reflecting the social conditions permeating life in the Netherlands during the Dutch Revolt. This article concludes by speculating how a dialectic of violence, one that encouraged beholders to recognise a relativity of viewpoints, may have served the paintings’ first owner.
Hunting grounds for painters
Authors: Saß Maurice
Published: November 2021

This article focuses on the intersection of the hunt and art as it is reflected in three early modern depictions of artists as successful hunters: Gabriel Metsu’s Hunter getting dressed after bathing, Ary de Vois’s Self-portrait as a hunter, and Rembrandt’s A dead bittern held high by a hunter. These three self-referential paintings show different ways in which the hunt and dead animals were used to characterise artistic practice, and to what extent they were underpinned by the semantics of other forms of ‘the chase’: the pursuit of love, knowledge, and power.
An insect’s-eye view
Authors: Greer Joan E.
Published: November 2021

This article is concerned with representations of insects and insect habitats in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Dutch art and print culture. It adopts an eco-critical approach, with an eye toward multispecies studies. The article considers the ecologically conceived image of bees, butterflies, and other insects gathering pollen from a wide range of flowering plant life in Theo van Hoytema’s lithograph announcing the Biological Exhibition: the Life of Plants and Animals held in 1910 at the Royal Zoological Botanical Gardens in The Hague. This closely observed water’s-edge environment is considered in the context of the wider body of works on paper done by Van Huitema especially during the seminal period of the 1890s, and within the growing print culture surrounding the Dutch naturalist and environmental movements in the early years of the twentieth century.
Virtual and Open Integration of Culture for Education (VOICE) with Science Teacher Candidates from Korea during COVID-19
Authors: Yoon Jiyoon , Ko Yeonjoo , Lee Hyunju
Published: November 2021

Cultural competencies and confidence in teaching diverse students are needed to close achievement gaps between mainstream and minority students in science. In this study, an online teacher education program, Virtual and Open Integration of Culture for Education (VOICE), was designed to help retain teacher candidates’ science affinities and cultural competency during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thirty-two Korean teacher candidates were selected as culturally responsive instructors who were able to reduce their cultural bias and preferences about Korean culture and develop culturally responsive instruction. VOICE proceeded through (1) “collaborating,” by connecting seminar speakers worldwide; (2) “designing,” by creating culturally responsive science activities based on Korean culture; and (3) “performing,” by communicating with American students, teacher candidates, teachers, and parents. Pre- and post-survey results show that VOICE increased the teacher candidates’ cultural proficiency and interest in science. Guidelines for research on designing online programs to enhance teacher candidates’ science affinities and cultural competencies are provided.
Mathematical Study of Nonlinear Mixed Convection Unsteady Flow in a Parallel Plate Inclined Channel in the Proximity of Time Periodic Boundary Conditions: Flow Reversal
Authors: Venkateswarlu M. , Bhaskar P. , Makinde O. D.
Published: November 2021

This report is executed to examine the task of assimilating parameters on bipartite convection stream structure in a sloped pipeline while certain plate is disorderly warmed. The dictating motivation and energy identifications are ascertained and consequent expressions for thermal reading,
liquid movement, fanning friction and stress flatten are acquired. The purpose of non-linear Boussinesq simulation is to escalate liquid movement, inverse stream generation at the channel plates, stress flatten, and fanning factor. In particular, the liquid motion escalates at the channel
left portion and depletes at the channel right portion with the progress of time. A particular case of our development shows an excellent compromise with the previous consequences in the literature.
Numerical Study of Interface Tracking for the Unsteady Flow of Two Immiscible Micropolar and Newtonian Fluids Through a Horizontal Channel with an Unstable Interface
Authors: Chandrawat Rajesh Kumar , Joshi Varun , Bég O. Anwar
Published: November 2021

The dynamics of the interaction between immiscible fluids is relevant to numerous complex flows in nature and industry, including lubrication and coating processes, oil extraction, physicochemical separation techniques, etc. One of the most essential components of immiscible flow is
the fluid interface, which must be consistently monitored. In this article, the unsteady flow of two immiscible fluids i.e., an Eringen micropolar and Newtonian liquid is considered in a horizontal channel. Despite the no-slip and hyper-stick shear stress condition at the channel edge, it
is accepted that the liquid interface is dynamic, migrating from one position to the next and possibly get absolute change; as a result, The CS (continuum surface) model is integrated with the single moment equation based on the VOF (volume of fluid) approach to trace the interface. The immiscible
fluids are considered to flow under three applied pressure gradients (constant, decaying, and periodic) and flow is analyzed under seamless shear stress over the entire interface. The modified cubic b-spline differential quadrature method (MCB-DQM) is used to solve the modeled coupled partial
differential equations for the fluid interface evolution. The advection and tracking of the interface with time, wave number, and amplitude are illustrated through graphs. It is observed that the presence of micropolar parameters affects the interface with time. The novelty of the current
study is that previous studies (which considered the smooth and unstable movement of the micropolar fluid, the steady stream of two immiscible fluids, and interface monitoring through different modes) are extended and generalized to consider the time-dependent flow of two immiscible fluids
namely Eringen micropolar and Newtonian with a moving interface in a horizontal channel. For the decaying pressure gradient case, which requires more time to achieve the steady-state, the peak of the waves resembles those for the constant pressure gradient case. The
interface becomes steady for a more extensive time when a constant pressure gradient is applied. The interface becomes stable quickly with time as the micropolar parameter is decreased for the constant pressure gradient case i.e., weaker micropolar fluids encourage faster stabilization
of the interface. With periodic pressure gradient, the interface takes more time to stabilize, and the crest of the waves is significantly higher in amplitude compared to the constant and decaying pressure cases. The simulations demonstrate the excellent ability of MCB-DQM to analyze
complex interfacial immiscible flows.
Differential Effects of Work and Family Support on the Relationship Between Surface Acting and Wellbeing: A Self-Determination Theory Approach
Authors: Xiang Chang C , Wang Xu , Xie Ting T , Fu Cheng L
Published: November 2021

Surface acting—the management of emotional displays as part of a nurse’s work role—is increasingly getting scholars’ attention in organizational behavior. Previous research focused on the relationship between surface acting and outcomes (such as psychological well-being) on the basis of resource-centric theories, ignoring the subjective stance of surface acting provider. According to self-determination theory, surface acting affects an individual’s well-being through stimulating autonomous or controlled work motivation. Taking nurses as the subjects, the current study proposed that surface acting would affect job satisfaction and further psychological well-being through nurses’ controlled work motivation, and work and family support would moderate the above relationships in diverse directions. An online survey of n = 342 nurses working at a hospital in central China was conducted, evaluating surface acting, job satisfaction, psychological well-being, workplace support, and family support. Results indicated that surface acting negatively influenced nurses’ psychological well-being through job satisfaction. In addition, the results highlighted the two-faced aspect of social support, in which work support positively moderated the relationships between surface acting, job satisfaction, and psychological well-being, while family support intensified the abovementioned relationships negatively. These findings have important implications for surface acting, social support research, and managerial practices.
Introduction: The First World War and its Aftermath: Literary Networks and Cultural Encounters
Authors: Bullock Philip Ross , Permiakova Sofia , Stedman Gesa
Published: November 2021

This introduction offers a survey of some important critical approaches to the ways in which the First World War and its aftermath have been studied, conceptualized, represented and commemorated. In particular, it notes recent scholarly interest in issues of gender, as well as a focus on widening the geographical range of the conflict beyond a dominant European paradigm. A recurrent theme is the emergence of new types of modernity in the post-war era, and the ways in which literature and the arts do not merely reflect that modernity, but actively shape and constitute it.
Co-producing Human and Animal Experimental Subjects: Exploring the Views of UK COVID-19 Vaccine Trial Participants on Animal Testing
Authors: Vanderslott Samantha , Palmer Alexandra , Thomas Tonia , Greenhough Beth , Stuart Arabella , Henry John A. , English Marcus , Naude Rebecca de Water , Patrick-Smith Maia , Douglas Naomi , Moore Maria , Hodgson Susanne H. , Emary Katherine R. W. , Pollard Andrew J.
Published: November 2021

Preclinical (animal) testing and human testing of drugs and vaccines are rarely considered by social scientists side by side. Where this is done, it is typically for theoretically exploring the ethics of the two situations to compare relative treatment. In contrast, we empirically explore how human clinical trial participants understand the role of animal test subjects in vaccine development. Furthermore, social science research has only concentrated on broad public opinion and the views of patients about animal research, whereas we explore the views of a public group particularly implicated in pharmaceutical development: experimental subjects. We surveyed and interviewed COVID-19 vaccine trial participants in Oxford, UK, on their views about taking part in a vaccine trial and the role of animals in trials. We found that trial participants mirrored assumptions about legitimate reasons for animal testing embedded in regulation and provided insight into (i) the nuances of public opinion on animal research; (ii) the co-production of human and animal experimental subjects; (iii) how vaccine and medicine testing, and the motivations and demographics of clinical trial participants, change in an outbreak; and (iv) what public involvement can offer to science.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Underweight Children
Authors: Johnson Courtney , Leavitt Taylor , Daram Shiva P. , Johnson Romaine F. , Mitchell Ron B.
Published: November 2021

Objectives

To determine predictors of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in underweight children and to describe the demographic, clinical, and polysomnographic characteristics of an ethnically diverse population of underweight children with OSA.

Study Design

Case‐control study.

Setting

University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children’s Medical Center of Dallas

Methods

Underweight children aged 2 to 18 years who underwent a polysomnogram for suspected OSA between January 2014 and December 2020 were included. Underweight was defined as body mass index <5th percentile per Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines. Children with apnea‐hypopnea index <1.0 served as a control group. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the predictors of OSA. Significance was set at P <. 05.

Results

An overall 124 children met inclusion criteria: mean age, 6.4 years; 50% female; 44% Hispanic, 31% African American, and 18% Caucasian. A total of 83 children had OSA (apnea‐hypopnea index ≥1.0). Height was negatively correlated with OSA (odds ratio, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.88‐0.99; P =. 02) while allergic rhinitis (odds ratio, 2.97; 95% CI, 1.24‐7.08; P =. 01) and tonsillar hypertrophy (odds ratio, 3.38; 95% CI, 1.42‐8.02; P =. 01) were predictors for the presence of OSA. No demographic or clinical characteristics were predictors for severe OSA.

Conclusion

Underweight children with OSA, as compared with those without OSA, are more likely to have decreased height, tonsillar hypertrophy, and allergic rhinitis. There are no predictors of severe OSA in underweight children. We recommend polysomnography for the diagnosis of OSA in symptomatic underweight children with large tonsils, especially when they have a history of allergies.
Refugee Status, Settlement Assistance, and the Educational Integration of Migrants’ Children in the United States
Authors: Khuu Thoa V. , Bean Frank D.
Published: November 2021

Initial relations between the host society and migrants are likely to influence whether and to what degree migrants receive tangible and intangible settlement support that might affect their children's educational integration. As part of the 1980 Refugee Act, the United States officially began to provide settlement support to one group of migrants - refugees, thus institutionalizing more favorable host-society relations for refugees compared to non-refugee migrants. This article assesses the general idea that post-1980 US refugees will show higher levels of integration than non-refugees by testing the specific hypothesis that refugees’ foreign-born children will attain (by adulthood) higher levels of educational attainment than their non-refugee counterparts. As expected, we find that more schooling is completed among refugees’ children than among non-refugees’ children, all else being equal. We also observe that the level of governmental support at arrival is positively associated with educational attainment among refugees’ children. As expected, schooling differentials also drop in accordance with arrival-period declines in support due to drops in refugee children's schooling. The results highlight the pivotal roles that initial host-society/migrant relations play in fostering refugee integration and underscore the potential societal benefits from adopting and maintaining settlement policies for migrants.
Force sensing in robot-assisted keyhole endoscopy: A systematic survey
Authors: Hadi Hosseinabadi Amir Hossein , Salcudean Septimiu E.
Published: November 2021

Instrument–tissue interaction forces in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) provide valuable information that can be used to provide haptic perception, monitor tissue trauma, develop training guidelines, and evaluate the skill level of novice and expert surgeons. Force and tactile sensing is lost in many robot-assisted surgery (RAS) systems. Therefore, many researchers have focused on recovering this information through sensing systems and estimation algorithms. This article provides a comprehensive systematic review of the current force sensing research aimed at RAS and, more generally, keyhole endoscopy, in which instruments enter the body through small incisions. Articles published between January 2011 and May 2020 are considered, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The literature search resulted in 110 papers on different force estimation algorithms and sensing technologies, sensor design specifications, and fabrication techniques.
Sortition-infused democracy: Empowering citizens in the age of climate emergency
Authors: Mulvad Andreas Møller , Popp-Madsen Benjamin Ask
Published: November 2021

This article addresses two great global challenges of the 2020s. On one hand, the accelerating climate crisis and, on the other, the deepening crisis of representation within liberal democracies. As temperatures and water levels rise, rates of popular confidence in existing democratic institutions decline. So, what is to be done? This article discusses whether sortition – the ancient Greek practice of selecting individuals for political office through lottery – could serve to mitigate both crises simultaneously. Since the 2000s, sortition has attracted growing interest among activists and academics. Recently it has been identified in countries like the UK and France as a mechanism for producing legitimate political answers to the climate challenge. However, few theoretical reflections on the potentials and perils of sortition-based climate governance have yet emerged. This article contributes to filling the gap. Based on a critique of the first successful case of sortition used to enhance national environmental policy – in Ireland in 2017–18 – we argue that sortition-based deliberation could indeed speed up meaningful climate action whilst improving the health of democratic systems. However, this positive outcome is not preordained. Success depends not only on green social movements getting behind climate sortition but also on developing flexible, context-specific designs that identify adequate solutions to a number of problems, including those of power (providing citizens’ assemblies with clear agenda-setting prerogatives beyond non-binding consultation); expertise (allowing assembly participants to influence which stakeholders and experts to solicit inputs from); and participation (engaging wider parts of the citizenry in the deliberative process).
Wide-Awake Brachioplasty: A Safe and Effective Technique for Local Anesthesia
Authors: Phelan Alannah L. , McAuliffe Phoebe , Albert Mark G.
Published: November 2021

Brachioplasty is a popular body contouring surgery which treats upper arm deformity related to both aging and massive weight loss. Demand for brachioplasty is growing, as the volume of bariatric surgery performed in the United States has doubled in the last decade.1 Local anesthesia offers multiple benefits for both patients and providers: it avoids anesthetic risks and anesthesia costs, decreases operating room time, and facilitates a more rapid recovery for patients. Brachioplasty is typically performed under general anesthesia or moderate sedation; this study details a successful technique to perform brachioplasty under wide-awake local anesthesia with high patient satisfaction and an excellent safety profile.
Truth and Christian Ethics: A Narratival Perspective
Authors: Wynn Mark
Published: November 2021

In this article, I consider some of the forms that truthfulness can take in the Christian life. Drawing on the notion of storied identity, I address the following questions. In general terms, what does it take to live truthfully with respect to some narrative? More exactly, how might that truthfulness be realized in bodily terms? And, finally, how might living truthfully with respect to a narrative contribute to the further elaboration of the narrative? I examine these questions with reference to the concerns of Christian ethics in particular, by taking as my focus the kind of storied truthfulness that is embodied in the practice of neighbour love, and the question of how that truthfulness may be extended through participation in the eucharist.
Nonsmooth control based on finite-time disturbance estimator for the translational oscillator with a rotational actuator system with nonvanishing disturbances
Authors: Wu Xianqing , Zhao Yijiang
Published: November 2021

In this article, the stabilization and disturbance estimation of the translational oscillator with a rotational actuator with nonvanishing disturbances are considered. Different from existing methods, a disturbance estimator is designed to eliminate the effects of unexpected external disturbances. As far as we know, this article presents the first finite-time disturbance-estimator-based nonsmooth control scheme for the translational oscillator with a rotational actuator system. Specifically, first, a series of changes of coordinates is made for the model of the translational oscillator with a rotational actuator system. Then, a disturbance estimator is presented to estimate uncertain disturbances and a nonsmooth control scheme is designed to ensure the convergence of all the states. Furthermore, rigorous theoretical analysis is given. Finally, simulation tests are carried out and the obtained results demonstrate that the designed approach exhibits better control performance and stronger robustness than the existing methods.
Preprint paper platforms in the academic scholarly communication environment
Authors: Chaleplioglou Artemis , Koulouris Alexandros
Published: November 2021

Academic scholarly communication is the predominant business of researchers, scientists, and scholars. It is the core element of promoting scientific thought, investigation, and building up solid knowledge. The development of preprint platform web interfaces, server repositories of electronic scholarly papers submitted by their authors and openly available to the scientific community proposed a new form of academic communication. The distribution of a preprint of a scientific manuscript allows the authors to claim the priority of discovery, in a manner similar to the conference proceedings output, but also creates an anteriority that prevents protection by a patent application. Herein, we review the scope and the role of preprint papers platforms in academia, we explore individual cases, arXiv, SSRN, OSF Preprints, HAL, bioRxiv, EconStor, RePEc, PhilArchive, Research Square, viXra, Cryptology ePrint Archive, Preprints.org, ChinaXiv, medRxiv, JMIR Preprints, Authorea, ChemRxiv, engrXiv, e-LiS, SciELO, PsyArXiv, F1000 Research, and Zenodo, and discuss their significance in promoting scientific discovery, the potential risks of scientific integrity, as well as the policies of data distribution and intellectual property rights, the plus and minus, for the stakeholders, authors, institutions, states, scientific journals, scientific community, and the public. In this review we explore the scope and policies of the existing preprint papers platforms in different academic research fields.
Scaling the Innovativeness of Start-ups in India
Authors: Dash Ajitabh
Published: November 2021

The primary objective of this study is to develop and validate a multi-dimensional scale for measuring the innovativeness of start-up firms in India. Start-ups, by virtue of their lean structure, are in a position to innovate quickly; and they iterate fast enough to get desired outputs in their innovation to market journey. Wang and Ahmed (2004, European Journal of Innovation Management, 7, 4, 303–313) developed and validated their construct by drawing their sample from within the UK (England, Wales and Scotland). This study investigates whether the construct retains its structural consistency in the context of start-up firms operating in India. Primary data was collected through a predesigned self-administered questionnaire from a random sample of 220 respondents working at the senior executive level in start-up firms in India. The period of study was three months from January to March 2018. SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 20.0 and AMOS (Analysis of Moment Structure) version 20 were used to compute and analyse the data. The most significant contribution of the present study is a construct for measuring innovativeness based on statistically significant evidences which can be meaningfully used to compare innovation across start-ups in different industries and regions.
Discriminant Dimensional Personality Inventory Among Owners with Special Reference to Small-scale Industries in Dindigul District, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Thavaraj H. Samuel , Haorei Well
Published: November 2021

Small-scale industries play an important role in the economic development of the country. In India more than 50 per cent of workforces are self-employed ( Thavaraj, 2012 , International Journal of Business Management & Research, 2, 53–57). In spite of its importance, the small-scale sector is beset with the problem of sickness. A personality inventory is an evaluation tool that helps people to learn about their personality types. Personality inventory can teach what occupation and work environment are a good fit for an individual and guides to choose the right career. The purpose of the research work is to identify the dimensional personality inventory (DPI) variables that discriminates the owners of small-scale industries of ordinary (profit-making) units and highly sick units. The sample size of the study is 316 small-scale industrial units. The stratified proportionate random sampling technique was adopted to distribute the sample in the population. The researchers have used structured interview schedule to collect data from the respondents on their DPIs. It is revealed through this study that there are significant differences that are identified in the case of activeness, assertiveness, emotional stability, responsibility, decisiveness and leadership. The higher discriminant coefficients are identified in the case of emotional stability and leadership.