bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Patient motivation as a predictor of digital health intervention effects: A meta-epidemiological study of cancer trials
Authors: Yan Yuqian , López-Alcalde Jesús , Stallings Elena , Jimenez Tejero Elena , Witt Claudia M. , Barth Jürgen
Published: July 2024

The objective of this meta-epidemiological study was to develop a rating that captures participants’ motivation at the study level in digital health intervention (DHI) randomised controlled trials (RCTs). The rating was used to investigate whether participants’ motivation is associated with the effect estimates in DHI RCTs for cancer patients. The development of the rating was based on a bottom-up approach involving the collection of information that captures participants’ baseline motivation in empirical studies from the Smartphone-RCCT Database. We specified three indicators for rating: indicator 1 captures whether the study team actively selects or enhances the motivation of the potential study participants; indicator 2 captures the study participants’ active engagement before the treatment allocation; and indicator 3 captures the potential bond and trust between the study participants and the person/institution referring to the study. The rating of each indicator and the overall rating varies between high motivation, moderate motivation, and low motivation. We applied the rating across 27 DHI RCTs with cancer patients. We performed meta-regression analysis to examine the effect of patient motivation on quality of life (QoL), psychological outcomes, and attrition. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) indicated moderate to poor inter-rater reliability. The meta-regression showed that cancer patients’ overall motivation before engaging in the intervention was associated with the treatment effect of QoL. Patient motivation was not found to be associated with psychological outcomes or attrition. Subgroup analyses revealed that the clinical effects of DHIs were more prevalent in the high-motivation subgroups, whereas the low-motivation subgroups were unlikely to show intervention benefits. The likelihood of dropouts from DHIs seems to be especially high among the low-bond (indicator 3) subgroup. We suggest using single indicators since they reflect specific content. Better reporting about baseline motivation is required to enable meaningful interpretations in not only primary studies but also in evidence syntheses.
Dual species transcriptomics reveals conserved metabolic and immunologic processes in interactions between human neutrophils and Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Authors: Potter Aimee D. , Edwards Vonetta L. , D’Mello Adonis , Gray Mary C. , Shetty Amol C. , Forehand Amy L. , Westlake Camille S. , Lamb Evan R. , Zhao Xuechu , Ragland Stephanie A. , Criss Alison K. , Tettelin Hervé
Published: July 2024

Neisseria gonorrhoeae (the gonococcus, Gc) causes the sexually transmitted infection gonorrhea. Gc is a prominent threat to human health by causing severe lifelong sequelae, including infertility and chronic pelvic pain, which is amplified by the emergence of “superbug” strains resistant to all current antibiotics. Gc is highly adapted to colonize human mucosal surfaces, where it survives despite initiating a robust inflammatory response and influx of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs, neutrophils) that typically clear bacteria. Here, dual-species RNA-sequencing was used to define Gc and PMN transcriptional profiles alone and after infection. Core host and bacterial responses were assessed for two strains of Gc and three human donors’ PMNs. Comparative analysis of Gc transcripts revealed overlap between Gc responses to PMNs, iron, and hydrogen peroxide; 98 transcripts were differentially expressed across both Gc strains in response to PMN co-culture, including iron-responsive and oxidative stress response genes. We experimentally determined that the iron-dependent TbpB is suppressed by PMN co-culture, and iron-limited Gc have a survival advantage when cultured with PMNs. Analysis of PMN transcripts modulated by Gc infection revealed differential expression of genes driving cell adhesion, migration, inflammatory responses, and inflammation resolution pathways. Production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL1B and IL8, the adhesion factor ICAM1, and prostaglandin PGE2 were induced in PMNs in response to Gc. Together, this study represents a comprehensive and experimentally validated dual-species transcriptomic analysis of two isolates of Gc and primary human PMNs that gives insight into how this bacterium survives innate immune onslaught to cause disease.
Clothes shopping is a chore: Plus-size men’s experiences of clothes shopping in the United Kingdom
Authors: Owen Craig , Smith Sarah
Published: July 2024

The body positivity movement has called for greater inclusion of diverse body types within the fashion industry. Although a growing number of high street womenswear brands now include plus-size ranges and employ curvier models to represent them, UK menswear is still trailing far behind. Fashionable clothing for larger men is scarce, and the lack of research literature on the clothes shopping experiences of UK plus-size male consumers reflects this gap. The current research is the first study to explore male plus-size consumers’ experiences of clothes shopping in the United Kingdom. Semi-structured interviews were conducted online with ten plus-size men, and reflexive thematic analysis was used to generate two key themes. First, the ‘we struggle to fit in’ theme explores plus-size men’s problematic experiences of fitting into shopping environments, fitting in with their peers’ shopping experiences and fitting into clothes. The second theme, ‘we little care about what we wear’, identifies how the men dismissed clothes shopping, fashion and appearance concerns and identified gender differences as a means to justify these actions. Together, these themes demonstrate that plus-size men experience clothes shopping as a chore. Ultimately, we advise menswear brands to use these findings to facilitate a more welcoming, supportive and enjoyable shopping experience for plus-size men.
Viewers’ sensations: Using skin sensor technology to assess wearable technology
Authors: Rolling Virginia , Courtney Steph , Teel Karla P.
Published: July 2024

Wearable technology garments have been displayed for aesthetic evaluation in museums. With the additional multisensory cues in wearable technology garments such as digital sounds and LED lights, this study examined 44 museum visitors’ electrodermal activity (EDA) sensory responses to a wearable technology garment in a museum. Results support that apparel with music-only sensory cues (rather than lights-only, no music or lights and both music along with lights) created an enhanced sensory response due to viewers of the music-only garment having the highest EDA response after accounting for their baseline EDA. It is suggested that apparel designers and museum curators consider incorporating music and even music with lights into their designs for display at museums to promote enhanced sensory engagement for viewers. Conversely, it is not recommended that designs utilize lights-only in these designs without the presence of music.
Can you be unique by wearing fast fashion? Exploring South African contemporary female consumers’ creative behaviour towards fast fashion uniqueness
Authors: Kempen Elizabeth
Published: July 2024

Contemporary female consumers manage their appearance through current fashion trends and styles. The desire to be unique drives consumers to develop appearances that are perceived to differentiate them from others. In a world where fast fashion delivers multiple copies of one fashion item, it is difficult to imagine if fast fashion could deliver a unique appearance. Little research has considered the possibility of achieving fast fashion uniqueness. The behaviour of South African female consumers and their desire for fast fashion uniqueness as proposed in the theory of the need for uniqueness has also not been researched. The purpose of this study was to determine the meaning of fast fashion uniqueness and the behaviour related to the dimensions of uniqueness. An exploratory descriptive qualitative study was used to determine the fast fashion unique experiences of female fashion shoppers in South Africa. Thematic analysis of electronic individual interviews revealed the meaning of uniqueness manifested through mechanisms of self-expression and design creativity. Contribution to uniqueness theory is expressed through a socially acceptable appearance typified by creative choice counter-conformity behaviour. Unpopular choice counter-conformity behaviour was expressed through precautionary and guarding behaviour. Avoidance of similarity behaviour resulted in similarity acceptance behaviour characterized by helplessness and acceptance of fast fashion duplication, due to the inability to avoid similarity experienced during fast-fashion retail purchases. Coping strategies and avoidance behaviour tactics were applied to avoid fashion similarities. Fashion creativity serves as the mechanism through which contemporary fast fashion consumers achieve fast fashion appearance uniqueness. Fast fashion retailers in South Africa may need to improvise fashion offerings and give consumers alternative appearances to accommodate the creative uniqueness that female consumers are compelled to apply to achieve fast fashion uniqueness.
Objektibotasun zientifikoaren esanahi orokorraren auzia
Authors: Requejo Aramendi Iñaki
Published: July 2024

Egun objektibotasun zientifikoaz hitz egitea horrek dituen hainbat ulerkeraz jardutea da. Adostasun zabala dago zientziaren filosofoen artean objektibotasun-balorazioak hainbat modutan egiten direla testuinguruaren arabera. Testu honek argudiatu nahi du ulerkera horiek ideia orokor komun bat dutela. Horretarako, gaiaren inguruko egungo hainbat ideia deskribatzen dira, besteak beste, arrisku epistemikoaren edo ulerkera negatiboaren ideia (Koskinen 2018). Horren harira, argitzen da arriskuan oinarritzen den ulerkera ez dela nahikoa, esanahi orokor bat eratu nahi badugu. Hau da, arriskuan oinarritzen den ikuskera negatiboa txanponaren alde bakarra da, beste aldean ikuskera positiboa du: ez da soilik arrisku epistemikoak identifikatzeko, ekiditeko edo leuntzeko prozesuak gehitzea, baizik eta balio ez-epistemiko legitimoak onartzeko prozesuak gehitzea ere bada. Eta azken horrek egun garatzen hasi den zedarritze-irizpide berriarekin du erlazioa. Hori islatzeko, kasu praktiko bat lantzen da: ekologian gertatu diren ebidentzien aukeraketa selektiboa.
Hitzaurrea: Inklusioaren bidea saretzen: giza eskubideak, hezkuntza eremuen kalitatea eta parte hartzea
Authors: Amenabarro Iraola Esti , Ozerinjauregi Beldarrain Nagore
Published: July 2024

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Zergatik klase ertaineko hainbat gurasok Eskola Publikoa hautatzen dute? White flight-aren aurkako fenomenoa eta euskara. Kasu-azterketa bat.
Authors: Asenjo Garde Iban
Published: July 2024

Eskola-segregazioa, hau da, ikasleen banaketa desberdina eskoletako ezaugarri pertsonal edo sozialen arabera, gizarte-desberdintasunean eragiten duena, euskal hezkuntza sistemaren arazo nagusienetako moduan identifikatu da azken urteotan. Euskal eskola-segregazioaren oinarri nagusietako bat gurasoek beraien seme-alaben ikastetxea hautatzeko duten ahalmena dela azpimarratzen da, zeinak white flight (WF) fenomenoa ahalbidetzen duen. Baina WF-aren aurkako fenomenoa ere agertzen da literatura akademikoan, alegia, klase ertaineko hainbat familiak eskola publikoaren aldeko hautua egiten dute balore aurrerakoietan oinarrituta. Beraz, ikerketa honen helburu nagusia WF-aren aurkako fenomenoa Euskal Herrian (EH) aztertzea da. Hots, EHko gurasoek beraien seme-alaben ikastetxea hautatzeko dituzten argudio nagusiak arakatu asmoz eta metodologia kualitatibo batez baliatuz, bi ikastetxe (Eskola Publikoa eta Ikastola itundua) baino ez dauden 10.000 biztanleko herri batean oinarritu da kasu-azterketa hau. Horretarako, bi ikastetxeetako gurasoei egindako elkarrizketak baliatu ditugu (n=9) eta jasotako informazioa aztertzeko NVivo Release softwareren laguntza izan dugu. Emaitzen artean agertzen zaizkigu batetik, eremu politiko-administratiboan eskola-inklusioa eta –segregazioa lantzen duten dokumentu ofizial ugari daudela eta, bestetik, maila sozioekonomiko ertaineko gurasoek eskola publikoaren aldeko hautua ezkerreko baloreetatik ez ezik, euskararen defentsatik ere egiten dutela. Honenbestez, literatura akademikoan jasotzen den WF-aren aurkako mugimendua EHan bertako ezaugarri propio bati loturik, euskaren atxikimenduari, agertzen dela ondorioztatu daiteke.
Miért hálásak az egyetemi hallgatók oktatóiknak?
Authors: Dósa Ildikó , Dósa Katalin , Szobonya Réka , Fűzi Beatrix
Published: July 2024

A 21. században világszerte, így Magyarországon is a felsőoktatási intézményekben paradigmaváltás jelent meg: a frontális, az oktató által közvetített tananyagátadás mellett egyre nagyobb hangsúlyt kap a hallgatóvagy tanulásközpontú módszerek terjedése, a tanulási légkör, az oktató-hallgató viszony javítására, illetve az intézmények tanítási-tanulási kultúrájának jobbítására való törekvés. A változások a teljes oktatási ökoszisztémát érintik: a hallgatói élmény és a hallgatói elégedettség öregbíti az oktatási intézmények hírnevét, javíthatja a rangsorokban elfoglalt helyét, vonzerejét. A hallgatói élmény és az elégedettség által generált magasabb motivációs szint serkenti a diákok személyes fejlődését, fokozza sikerességüket tanulmányaik, és vélhetően munkaerőpiaci szereplésük során. A hallgatói jóllét elérésében az intézményi infrastruktúra, az adminisztrációs támogatás mellett kiemelkedő szerepe van az oktatók tevékenységének. Nincs konszenzus az oktatói kiválóság konkrét meghatározásáról, azonban a nagyrészt objektív (például akadémiai teljesítmény) szempontok mellett egyre nagyobb nyomatékot kapnak egyéb elemek (például hallgatókkal való bánásmód, támogató attitűdök, kapcsolatkezelési kompetenciák). A hallgatók oktatókkal szembeni elvárásainak, véleményének összegyűjtése mellett nagy hatással lehet az oktatási ökoszisztémára a hallgatói köszönetnyilvánítások megismerése. A diákok által kifejezett hála megragadja a tanítási munka azon elemeit, amelyek különösen értékesek a diákok számára, amelyek személyesen előreviszik őket, rámutatnak azokra az oktatói gyakorlatokra, viselkedésekre, attitűdökre, amelyekben a hallgatók szeretnék megerősíteni oktatóikat. Írásunkban a Budapesti Gazdasági Egyetemen a Thank-a-Teacher (TAT) program keretében összegyűjtött hallgatói hálaüzenetekben felfedezhető fókuszokat, mintázatokat kerestük, vizsgáltuk ezek előfordulását és kombinációit. Egyetemünk diákjai elsősorban a tanulásukat támogató oktatói erények, másodsorban a foglalkozásokon kívülre is kisugárzó emberi vonások miatt hálásak, valamint kiemelték a szakmai és magánéletükre hosszú távon is kiható pozitív, formáló hatást és a lenyűgöző szaktudást.
Ultrasound Characteristics Can Predict Response to Biologics Therapy in Stricturing Crohn's Disease
Authors: Ma Li , He Yudi , Li Wenbo , Xiao Mengsu , Zhou Mengyuan , Qin Jing , Yang Hong , Liu Wei , Zhu Qingli
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Stricture is a common complication in Crohn's disease (CD). Accurate identification of strictures that poorly respond to biologic therapy is essential for making optimal therapeutic decisions. The aim of this study was to determine the association between ultrasound characteristics of strictures and their therapeutic outcomes.

METHODS:

Consecutive CD patients with symptomatic strictures scheduled for biologic therapy were retrospectively recruited at a tertiary hospital. Baseline intestinal ultrasound was conducted to assess stricture characteristics, including bowel wall thickness, length, stratification, vascularity, and creeping fat wrapping angle. Patients were followed up for a minimum of 1 year, during which long-term outcomes including surgery, steroid-free clinical remission, and mucosal healing were recorded. Statistical analyses were performed.

RESULTS:

A total of 43 patients were enrolled. Strictures were located in the ileocecal region (39.5%), colon (37.2%), anastomosis (20.9%), and small intestine (2.3%). The median follow-up time was 17 months (interquartile range 7–25), with 27 patients (62.8%) undergoing surgery. On multivariant analysis, creeping fat wrapping angle > 180° (odds ratio: 6.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1–41.1) and a high Limberg score (odds ratio: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.4–6.0) were independent predictors of surgery, with an area under the curve of 0.771 (95% CI: 0.602–0.940), accuracy of 83.7%, sensitivity of 96.3%, and specificity of 62.5%. On Cox survival analysis, creeping fat >180° was significantly associated with surgery (hazard ratio, 5.2; 95% CI: 1.2–21.8; P = 0.03). In addition, creeping fat was significantly associated with steroid-free clinical remission (P = 0.015) and mucosal healing (P = 0.06).

DISCUSSION:

Intestinal ultrasound characteristics can predict outcomes in patients with stricturing CD who undertook biologic therapy.
Acercamiento al estado del arte sobre la revisión de textos académicos
Authors: Parra Hoyos Edwin Leandro , Caro Lopera Miguel Ángel , Zambrano Valencia Juan David
Published: July 2024

Este artículo examina el estado de la cuestión sobre la revisión de textos académicos en los diferentes niveles de escolaridad formal y en algunos dominios disciplinares. El propósito es analizar medio centenar de investigaciones de los contextos hispanohablante y anglosajón de los últimos 20 años para describir el panorama investigativo en este sentido, con la idea de tejer una reflexión, a su vez, sobre la escritura en el aula de clases a partir de una pregunta: ¿Cómo aprenden a escribir los estudiantes? Con ello en mente, se sigue el protocolo de revisión sistemática exploratoria; razón por la que se definen variables bibliométricas: bases de datos, año y tipo de publicación, revista, autores, institución e idioma, y se agrupa el corpus de textos en cuatro categorías: la revisión desde un enfoque cognitivo (8 trabajos), la revisión desde un enfoque sociocognitivo (15 trabajos), la revisión desde un enfoque sociocultural (16 trabajos) y la revisión desde un enfoque epistémico (11 trabajos). Tal análisis permite evidenciar una evolución en las investigaciones sobre escritura académica. Se concluye, de un lado, que existe la necesidad de transformar la revisión de textos en tema de indagación en el ámbito de la educación primaria, secundaria y media, pues el 70% de las pesquisas estudiadas se llevan a cabo en niveles de educación superior. De otro, se confirma que la revisión de textos constituye un objeto de análisis que ofrece múltiples posibilidades de trabajo en el salón de clases.
Misuse of large language models: Exploiting weaknesses for target-specific outputs
Authors: Klinkhammer Dennis
Published: July 2024

Prompt engineering in large language models (LLMs) in combination with external context can be misused for jailbreaks in order to generate malicious outputs. In the process, jailbreak prompts are apparently amplified in such a way that LLMs can generate malicious outputs on a large scale despite their initial training. As social bots, these can contribute to the dissemination of misinformation, hate speech, and discriminatory content. Using GPT4-x-Vicuna-13b-4bit from NousResearch, we demonstrate in this article the effectiveness of jailbreak prompts and external contexts via Jupyter Notebook based on the Python programming language. In addition, we highlight the methodological foundations of prompt engineering and its potential to create malicious content in order to sensitize researchers, practitioners, and policymakers to the importance of responsible development and deployment of LLMs.
Retos pendientes en la interpretación de la cláusula antiabuso del régimen de reestructuración empresarial: los motivos económicos válidos y la ventaja fiscal a regularizar
Authors: Prósper Almagro Ana Belén
Published: July 2024

El presente trabajo analiza las principales implicaciones derivadas, de una parte, de las distintas Sentencias emitidas por el TJUE relativas a la correcta interpretación de la cláusula antiabuso contemplada en el art. 15 de la Directiva 2009/133/CE del Consejo y, de otra parte, la transposición de dicha previsión a nuestro ordenamiento jurídico español, repasando para ello la evolución de los distintos criterios administrativos y jurisdiccionales vertidos sobre sus aspectos más conflictivos. Entre los mismos, se hace especial hincapié a los términos “motivos económicos válidos” y “fraude o evasión fiscal”, en tanto que piezas fundamentales sobre las que se sustenta la referida cláusula antiabuso, así como el término “ventaja fiscal”, en tanto que elemento clave para poder determinar cómo se deberán regularizar aquellas operaciones de reestructuración en las que se no aprecie la concurrencia de todos los requisitos necesarios para su aplicación.
Las Ayudas de Estado a partir del pacto verde europeo: un nuevo impulso hacia la transición energética
Authors: Salassa Boix Rodolfo , Salamanca Samudio Laura
Published: July 2024

El trabajo parte de la premisa de que los beneficios tributarios ambientales son medidas tributarias claves para alcanzar los nuevos compromisos ambientales del Pacto Verde Europeo, que tales medidas pueden implicar ayudas de estado incompatibles con el mercado interno de la Unión Europea y que ello está llevando a modificar la normativa para ampliar su implementación. A partir de ello, nuestro objetivo consiste en determinar el grado de compatibilidad de las ayudas de estado con la protección ambiental a la luz de la reformulación normativa motivada por el mencionado pacto y su coordinación con la libre competencia del mercado interno.
La fiscalidad en las previsiones normativas de la Unión Europea en el fit for 55: un especial análisis de la directiva de la fiscalidad de la energía
Authors: González Aparicio Marta
Published: July 2024

En este trabajo se analizan las propuestas fiscales derivadas del paquete de medidas “Fit for 55” u “Objetivo 55”, planteado por la Unión Europea como mecanismo para alcanzar los compromisos recogidos en el Pacto Verde Europeo, derivados del Acuerdo de París y, particularmente, el objetivo, para el año 2030, de reducir un 55% las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero respecto a los datos de 1990 y el logro de la neutralidad climática en el año 2050. Aunque las medidas legislativas recogidas en el “Objetivo 55” son de diversa índole, algunas afectan de manera directa a la fiscalidad, destacando entre éstas una profunda reforma de la Directiva de la Fiscalidad de la Energía, vigente desde el año 2003.
Procedimientos, derechos y garantías El precinto cautelar de cajas de seguridad por la inspección tributaria frente al derecho a la intimidad de los contribuyentes
Authors: Rodríguez-Bereijo León María
Published: July 2024

La polémica suscitada tras algunos pronunciamientos jurisprudenciales, como la STSJ de la Comunidad Valenciana 1311/2020, de 22 de julio, en torno a la cuestión de si la adopción por parte de la Administración Tributaria de la medida cautelar consistente en el precinto de cajas de seguridad de los obligados tributarios puede vulnerar, no ya su derecho fundamental a la inviolabilidad del domicilio, sino su derecho a la intimidad y, por tanto, si este derecho fundamental puede entenderse suficientemente garantizado mediante los presupuestos, límites y el procedimiento general para la adopción de esta medida cautelar contemplado en la LGT, se encuentra planteado ante el TS. En una serie de autos, ATS 7770/2023, de 1 de junio de 2023; ATS 7751/2023, de 8 de junio de 2023 y ATS13052/2023, de 4 de octubre de 2023, el TS ha admitido a trámite casacional la cuestión de dilucidar si es constitucionalmente posible, desde la perspectiva de los derechos fundamentales a la intimidad personal y a la inviolabilidad del domicilio, proceder al precinto de cajas de seguridad sin la correspondiente autorización judicial o sin el consentimiento de su titular, de acuerdo con lo previsto en los arts. 146 LGT y 181 del RGGIT. Aunque en el caso de los Autos de 1 y 8 de junio de 2023 el precinto recae sobre cajas titularidad de contribuyentes personas jurídicas, mientras que en el Auto de 4 de octubre de 2023 la medida afecta a obligados tributarios personas físicas. El Tribunal Supremo se ha pronunciado sobre esta cuestión en dos recientes sentencias que aquí comentamos, la STS 511/2024, de 21 de marzo, en relación con las personas jurídicas y la STS 549/2024, de 2 de abril, en relación con las personas físicas.
La idoneidad del procedimiento de devolución de ingresos indebidos en el IBI mediando liquidaciones firmes afectadas por una alteración catastral: efectos en otros impuestos que configuren su base imponible sobre el valor catastral
Authors: Mories Jiménez María Teresa
Published: July 2024

El Tribunal Supremo, en Sentencia 1753/2023, de 21 de diciembre, establece como doctrina legal el derecho a la devolución de las cuotas del Impuesto sobre Bienes Inmuebles indebidamente ingresadas a través del procedimiento del devolución de ingresos indebidos del artículo 224.1.3º LGT, en aquellos casos en que, como consecuencia de un procedimiento de subsanación de discrepancias del art. 18 TRLCI, se reduce el valor catastral que afecta a liquidaciones firmes del Impuesto sobre Bienes Inmuebles, poniendo de manifiesto la desconexión existente en este sistema dual entre los procedimientos de gestión catastral y tributaria. En esta sentencia se hace una interesante labor de recapitulación de la jurisprudencia sobre la materia, que pone de manifiesto actuaciones contrarias al principio de buena administración por parte de algunos ayuntamientos. Aunque la Sentencia se refiere al IBI, entendemos que su contenido puede extrapolarse a otros impuestos de gestión compartida, tan relevantes como el IIVTNU o el IAE.
Editorial
Authors: Stuchlíková Iva , Kucharská Anna , Papageorgi Ioulia
Published: July 2024

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Analysis of the efficiency of theoretical knowledge and practical skills acquisition by intern doctors using the “Body Interact” virtual patient simulator in the conditions of today’s challenges
Authors: Kolesnyk M. Yu. , Mykhailovskyi Ya. M.
Published: July 2024

The aim of the work is to evaluate the efficiency of theoretical knowledge and practical skills acquisition by intern doctors using the body interact virtual patient simulator in distance (offline) and traditional (online) form of education.
Materials and methods. The study involved 22 interns in the second year of study of the specialty “Internal Diseases”. 17 of them studied in offline format, 5 – in distance (online) format. The efficiency of theoretical knowledge acquisition was evaluated based on the results of the Integrated License exam “KROK 3. General Medical Training”. The efficiency of practical skills acquisition was determined by passing scenarios of providing medical care using the virtual patient simulator “Body Interact”.
Results. It has been established that the effectiveness of traditional (offline) and distance (online) learning is comparable in terms of theoretical knowledge acquisition which is evidenced by the comparative results of passing the Integrated License exam “KROK 3. General Medical Training”. The results of passing the state license integrated exam “KROK 3. General medical training” and the virtual patient “Body Interact” had no correlation, which indicates the insufficient representativeness of the test assessment regarding the practical skills acquisition. Traditional (offline) learning is more effective in practical skills acquisition, which is confirmed by the better results of passing scenarios of providing medical care using the virtual patient program “Body Interact” in the group of traditional form of education compared to the group of online learning.
Conclusions. Utilizing virtual patient simulation technology such as “Body Interact” in the training of intern doctors not only enhances the acquisition of theoretical educational material but also offers an opportunity to practice practical skills. This is particularly valuable in light of resource constraints resulting from COVID-19 and martial law. Implementing the “Body Interact” virtual patient technology into daily educational practices, especially in the context of distance learning, is advisable.
SAVUNMA HARCAMALARININ EKONOMİK BÜYÜMEYE ETKİSİ: SEÇİLMİŞ G20 ÜLKELERİ ÜZERİNE BİR PANEL VERİ ANALİZİ
Authors: Çiçek Menekşe , Ince Yenilmez Meltem , Kabakçı Günay Eylül
Published: July 2024

Savuma harcamaları ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişki literatürde uzun zamandır tartışılan bir konudur. Savunma harcamalarının ekonomik büyüme üzerinde hem olumlu hem de olumsuz etkilerinin olduğunu savunan birçok görüşün mevcut olması literatürde bu ilişki üzerinde bir uzlaşı sağlanamadığını ortaya koymaktadır. Günümüzde birçok ülkenin bütçesinden savunma harcamalarına ayırdıkları miktar kamu bütçe giderlerinin büyük bir kısmını oluşturması bu konu üzerinde yapılacak çalışmaların ilerlemesi adına önem taşımaktadır. Savunma harcamalarının ekonomik büyümeye etkilerini derinlemesine araştırmak hem ekonomi politikalarını hem de ulusal güvenlik stratejilerini daha iyi şekillendirilmesine yardımcı olabilecek öneriler bulunmasına yardımcı olacaktır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Stockholm Uluslararası Barış Araştırmaları Enstitüsü (SIPRI)’nden alınan verilerle 2021 yılında en çok savunma harcaması yapan beş G20 ülkesi (ABD, İngiltere, Rusya, Çin ve Hindistan)’ nin 2000-2021 yılları arasındaki panel veri setini kullanarak savunma harcamalarının ekonomik büyümeye olan etkilerini panel regresyon yöntemi kullanarak test etmektir. Çalışmanın ampirik bulguları savunma harcamaları ile ekonomik büyüme arasında pozitif bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir.
An experimental study of some mechanical properties and absorption for polymer-modified cement mortar modified with superplasticizer
Authors: Sh. Humadi Hanaa , Ali Zainab S. , Jabal Qusay A. , Jawad Alaa H.
Published: July 2024

Polymer-modified concrete and mortars are widely used with different purposes in precast concrete and prestressed concrete structural elements, bridge decks, buildings, and repair requirements because of their significant behavior under different conditions, such as durability against freezing and thawing, ability to absorb impact loads and good mechanical properties compared to ordinary concretes. This study aims to improve some mechanical properties of cement mortar by using styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) latex, a superplasticizer, and also decreasing the absorption level to lower values by using these two admixtures. The study shows that using 10% SBR by weight of cement increases the compressive strength from 28.6 to 30.8 MPa and decreases the absorption from 2.3 to 1.7% which gives durability for cement mortar. This study also shows the development in strength achieved by using SBR superplasticizer simultaneously, and absorption decreases to only 0.76% for 10% SBR mixes. In comparison, it was 1.75% for mixes with SBR only.
Optimizing heat transport in a permeable cavity with an isothermal solid block: Influence of nanoparticles volume fraction and wall velocity ratio
Authors: Rajarathinam Muthu , Khan Muhammad Ijaz , Abdullaeva Barno Sayfutdinovna , Abbas Tehseen , Awwad Fuad A. , Ismail Emad A. A.
Published: July 2024

This study examines the influence of wall velocity ratio on mixed convective heat transport in a permeable cavity containing an isothermal solid block at its center. The analysis considers the characteristics of various flow variables, i.e., Darcy number, wall velocity ratio, Richardson number, and volume fraction of suspended nanoparticles, on heat transport and material flow characteristics. The principal equations are solved implementing the semi-implicit method for pressure linked equations algorithm, and the outcomes are compared with existing literature. The study shows that rising estimations of Darcy number, velocity ratio, Richardson number, and nanoparticles volume fraction lead to improved heat transfer rates. For example, at high Richardson number (100) and solid volume fraction (0.05), increasing the velocity ratio from 0.5 to 1.5 results in a 6% (5%) upsurge in heat transport rate. Conversely, at smaller Richardson number (0.01), the heat transport rate upsurges by 29% (28%). Similarly, at high Darcy numbers and low wall velocity ratios, a 3% (4%) escalate in heat transport rate is observed with an increase in nanoparticles concentration from 0 to 0.05, while a 9% (8%) increase in thermal performance is achieved at low Darcy numbers. The study emphasizes the importance of optimizing the combination of nanoparticles volume fraction, Darcy number, velocity ratio, and Richardson number to maximize thermal performance in the porous cavity.
Recasting Mary McLeod Bethune’s Legacy
Authors: Warren Kim Cary
Published: July 2024

From the 1930s until the time of her death in 1955, Mary McLeod Bethune was the most well-known African American woman in the United States. A race and gender leader commonly referred to as the “First Lady of the Struggle,” Bethune famously led the largest black women’s club, had regular meetings in the White House, and helped with the founding of the United Nations. Because of her achievements, Bethune’s name and likeness have been used on a U.S. postal stamp, numerous schools, and statues. This article examines two memorials to Bethune—showing how Bethune’s words and likeness have been used as a historical corrective, as well as an extension of the legacy that Bethune determined to leave before she died in 1955. First, I examine the National Council of Negro Women’s many frustrating years of fundraising for a Bethune memorial in Lincoln Park in Washington, D.C. That memorial, erected in 1974, became the first statue of a woman or an African American person dedicated on federal land in the U.S. capital. The second statue I examine is the 2022 statue of Bethune erected in the U.S. Capitol Building. There, the state of Florida decided to replace its long-standing statue of a white, male Confederate general in favor of a newly commissioned statue of Bethune, a black, female educator and civil rights leader as a way to rehabilitate and redefine the state’s image. Finally, the article shows how Bethune had hoped to be memorialized by her survivors, as evidenced in the form of an auto-eulogy, an essay that she wrote for future generations of readers.
The Indian, Chinese, and Mormon Questions
Authors: Martin Nicole
Published: July 2024

This article examines how the cultural concept of the American home shaped Reconstruction politics in the American West. In a post-Civil War era in which Republicans sought a national culture and homogenous citizenry, ideas about what made a proper home became a powerful way to measure the potential inclusion of western minority groups. Three “questions”—the Indian, Chinese, and Mormon Questions—became some of the most pressing and passionately debated political controversies of the period. Historians have tended to treat these questions separately, but American congressmen, policy makers, and reformers discussed the three groups in remarkably similar ways. Ultimately, these Americans asked a single question—who had the right to possess homes and, by extension, American citizenship. These commentators, the article argues, saw Native peoples, Chinese immigrants, and Mormons as unfit for U.S. citizenship for three main reasons: their failure to create proper homes, their threat to white homes, and their occupation of land that could otherwise be settled with white homes and families. When examined together, the western questions reveal how the American home, born in an emancipatory moment, became a blunt and violent tool of Reconstruction in the West.
Kosinj - arheološka istraživanja s kraja 20. stoljeća
Authors: Šmalcelj Novaković Pia
Published: July 2024

The Kosinj area has been mentioned in historical sources since the second half of the 11th century and there is no doubt that the valley was of great importance within medieval Croatia, as evidenced by the founding of the first Croatian printing house, as well as indications of the existence of a seat of the ban. However, no major archaeological research which would indeed have established more about the medieval settlement of this area has ever been carried out, although there was a plan to build a reservoir lake in Upper Kosinj since the late 20th century. However, it is less known that at that time, pilot studies were conducted in Kosinj, whichwere supposed to establish positions for further research to define and protect the archaeological heritage. This paper presents the results of test excavations of 5 potential medieval sites: Antun Padovanski-Gornji Kosinj (Modern Age cemetery), chapel of St. Ana- Gornji Kosinj (grave older than the Medieval church), Mlada Nediljica (Late Medieval and Modern Age cemetery), Mlakvena greda (Romanesque church and Medieval graves) and Krš, Trokutić-Old Graveyard (Medieval cemetery?).
Izvori za povijest Like u zbirci Vjesnikove novinske dokumentacije
Authors: Lemić Vlatka
Published: July 2024

Vjesnik’s newspaper documentation collection, known as Vjesnik’s Hemeroteque, or »Newspaper’s archives« consists of more than 6,100 folders/boxes with articles from newspapers and magazines published in the Yugoslav and Croatian media in the period 1962-2006. It was formed and shaped by documentarists and Documentary Services of Vjesnik Publishing House and since 2013 is kept in Croatian State Archives. By using example of Lika region, this paper presents the content and possibilities of exploring this information source, which present a unique newspaper collection and testimony of society and the time it documents.
Jedinstvena kronika 1990-ih iz ondašnje i današnje perspektive jednoga od najznačajnijih ličkih intelektualaca
Authors: Bošnjak Milan
Published: July 2024

Bežen, Ante: Zov ranjenog zavičaja: o vremenu Domovinskog rata i poraća iz ličke perspektive, Državni arhiv u Gospiću – Veleučilište Nikola Tesla u Gospiću, 2023.
The tolerance and the Recognition of the Other in the Peace Agreement between the Colombian Government and Farc-Ep
Authors: Acevedo Suárez Aurymayerly , Botero-Bernal Andrés
Published: July 2024

This document presents an analysis of tolerance and recognition of the other in the text of the peace agreement signed between the Colombian government and the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia People’s Army (FARC-EP), and its implication in the success of the Agreement and the construction of a stable and lasting peace. A documentary review was conducted and the hermeneutic method was followed toanalyze philosophical texts that address the concept of tolerance and recognition of the other. Then, a dialogue was established with the text of the Final Agreement. It is concluded that the final Agreement expressly emphasizes tolerance, but not recognition of the other. However, there are relevant aspects in the text of the Agreement, such as forgiveness and reconciliation, that require going beyond tolerantacts, especially when a Peace Agreement is going to be implemented to end an armed conflict that involves negative feelings that make it difficult to advance in national reconciliation.
Estudio de revisión sistemática sobre el acoso escolar en el contexto de la educación física y la actividad física
Authors: Carrasco-López Salustio Humberto , Del Pino Villegas Fabián Alonso , Garrido Branada Benjamín Eduardo , Gómez Urrutia Tatiana Estefany , Lagos Alarcón Consuelo Mara , Valenzuela-Jiménez Alinne , Cornejo Améstica Miguel , Salas Bravo Carlos , Gomez Campos Rossana , Cossio-Bolaños Marco
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Aggressive behaviors such as bullying or School Bullying (SB) in the population are not an isolated event and seriously affect the socio-emotional health of those who suffer it. Objective: The aim of this study was to carry out a systematic review of existing publications on Physical Education (PE) and Physical Activity (PA). Materials and Methods: A research was designed based on PRISMA methodology. The search for information was developed in four databases WOS, PUBMED, SCIELO and ELSEIVER between the years 2015 to 2020. Results: A total of 53 articles were found, after being analyzed by inclusion and exclusion criteria, 18 studies were considered for analysis. Spain, Brazil and Colombia concentrate a greater number of publications with great variability of sample size for both females and males mainly during adolescence. The most used concepts were Bullying; Victimization, School Violence, Cyberbullying, Cyberbullying, Self-esteem within the context of PE and PA. Conclusion: The need to make the problem visible in PE and PA is highlighted, due to its impact on physical and emotional health and motor learning.
Characteristics of markers of ovarian reserve in women with transfusion-dependent beta thalassaemia major with a successful pregnancy outcome
Authors: Sciacca Monica , Talaulikar Vikram , Chatterjee Ratna , Bajoria Rekha
Published: July 2024

Objective: Spontaneous fertility and successful pregnancies have been reported in well-chelated and transfused women with beta thalassaemia major (BTM) however majority of women are sub fertile due to hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) and lack of ovulation. Little is known about the effect of iron overload on ovarian follicles and whether ovarian reserve is affected by the condition or treatment. The predictive value of markers of ovarian reserve in relation to live birth in this group of women remains unclear. The aim of this study was to characterize the markers of ovarian reserve in women with transfusion-dependent beta thalassaemia major who had at least one successful live birth. Study design: This is a retrospective study in which we collected data from 12 women with transfusion-dependent BTM and at least one successful live birth from our thalassaemia clinic between July 2007 to June 2022. Patient demographics, medical history, menstrual history, hormonal parameters (serum levels of FSH, oestradiol, TSH and AMH) and antral follicle count were recorded. Serum levels of ferritin, cardiac T2*, liver iron concentration and thyroid function results were recorded from clinic visit prior to either natural conception or assisted conception treatments. Results: There was a wide variation in serum levels of AMH and antral follicle counts amongst women with BTM who had a successful live birth. Low serum AMH levels were noted in 4 women with HH with a background of BTM (33.3%) as compared to the established normal ranges for women of similar age. Also, low AFC counts were noted in 7 women (out of which 6 had HH) with BTM (58.3%) as compared to the established normal ranges for women of similar age. Conclusion: Levels of serum AMH and antral follicle counts appeared lower in up to half the women with BTM and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with a successful live birth as compared to established normal ranges for women of similar age suggesting that these markers may not accurately reflect the ovarian reserve for all in this group of women. There are limited data about the predictive value of contemporary markers ovarian reserve such as serum AMH and AFC levels in predicting successful fertility or pregnancy outcomes in women with transfusion dependent BTM and larger studies are needed.
Tattoo in patients undergoing lumbar and thoracic subarachnoid puncture. Prevention behaviors
Authors: Imbelloni, MD, PhD Luiz Eduardo , Calaça Rivoli, MD Anna Lúcia , Neto, MD, PhD Sylvio Valença de Lemos , Cristina Pinho, MD Ana , Casali, MD, PhD Tolomeu A A , Carneiro, MD, MSc, PhD Antonio Fernando
Published: July 2024

The number of patients with tattoos and which are operated is increasing significantly in recent years. Some complications, mainly in neuraxial anesthesia, have been reported are unconvincing due to the lack of real evidence-based material. Tissue coring and deposition of epithelial cells in the CSF is a known entity. However, the theoretical risk exists and the anesthesiologist questions whether to puncture the neuraxial in patients with a tattoo at the puncture site. More organic pigments are being used and the precise composition of tattoo inks remains unknown. As a conduct for asepsis and antisepsis during spinal puncture (lumbar and thoracic), 14 steps were described to avoid neurological complications during spinal anesthesia. This approach during anesthesia in the neuraxial area meant that I never had a neurological complication, nor the appearance of an epidermoid tumor. Thus, a total of 17 steps that must be followed exactly when performing the puncture on the back of tattoo patients. If there is no pigment-free skin area available, a superficial skin incision is the method of choice.
Fauna and Flora of Gunung Datuk Recreational Forest, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia: A Brief Documentation
Authors: Garba Jega Bilyaminu , Charles Rejaram Micheal , Mustaf Muskhazli , Wan Solahudin Wan Mohd Syazwan , Nulit Rosimah , Abu Bakar Noraini , Salihu Abba Hammanjoda , Kong Yap Chee
Published: July 2024

The biodiversity of forests in Negeri Sembilan, such as the Gunung Datuk Recreational Forest, is remarkably diverse and supports a wide array of fauna and flora species. These species play crucial roles in nutrient cycling, pollination, medicinal and providing habitats for other species. The study documented nine (9) plant species of the Kingdom Plantae and family Ebenacae, Dioscoreaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, Arecaceae, Rubiaceae, Polypodiaceae, Piperaceae and Poaceae, four (4) fungal species of the kingdom Fungi and family Physalacriaceae, Podoscyphaceae, Omphalotaceae and Amanitaceae and five (5) animal species from the kingdom Animalia and family Trigoniulidae, Zephroniidae, Scincidae, Arebidae and Formicidae. The species abundance in the forest emphasizes the interconnectedness of biodiversity and its role in maintaining the ecological balance. This study integrates ecology, environmental science, and cultural values, providing a holistic framework for managing biodiversity. Preserving the forest biodiversity of Gunung Datuk is crucial for ecological stewardship, safeguarding cultural heritage, and ensuring sustainable development for future generations. This fosters a harmonious coexistence where biodiversity and human needs are harmonized.
Isoxazole-containing sulfanilamides as new antibacterial agents: in silico study, synthesis and in vitro evaluation
Authors: Hodyna Diana M. , Pavliuk Oleksandr V. , Baran Maria M. , Yevdokymenko Vitaliy O. , Kovalishyn Vasyl V. , Metelytsia Larysa O.
Published: July 2024

The QSAR models previously created by the OCHEM web platform were used for the research and design of novel isoxazole derivatives as antimicrobial agents. Based on the created virtual set of promising isoxazole derivatives, a number of potential antibacterial agents were selected for synthesis and further research. A convenient synthetic sequence for obtaining initial isoxazole-containing sulfonylamides and preparative methods for the synthesis of target sulfonylamides of the isoxazole series, in particular, using ring-closing metathesis reactions, were worked out. The results of in vitro antimicrobial activity evaluation of synthesized compounds with predicted high activity showed that a series of isoxazole-containing sulfonylamides are promising antimicrobial agents with a wide spectrum of antibacterial action, especially against multidrug-resistant E. coli, A. baumannii and S. aureus bacterial pathogens. In vivo assessment of the acute toxicity of the studied compounds on the D. magna as a known biosensor proved that most of the studied isoxazole derivatives can be attributed to the class of slightly toxic substances according to the classification developed by Passino and Smith for hydrobionts
Synthesis of novel pyrimido[4,5-e]indolizine- and pyrimido[5,4-c]quinolizine-6-carboxylic acids
Authors: Muzychka Luibov V. , Muzychka Oksana V. , Zinchenko Anna M. , Smolii Oleg B.
Published: July 2024

An effective method for the synthesis of previously undescribed 1,3,4,5,6a,7,8,9-octahydropyrimido[4,5-e]indolizine- and 1,3,4,5,7,8,9,10-octahydro-2H-pyrimido[5,4-c]quinolizine-6-carboxylic acids by hydrolysis and decarboxylation of new spiro-substituted derivatives was proposed. The corresponding spirocyclic derivatives were obtained by boiling of 6-dialkylamino-1,3-dimethyl-5-formyluracils with Meldrum's acid in acetonitrile. The reaction proceeds according to the tert-amino effect mechanism without the release of Knoevenagel condensation products