bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Normalization for Relative Cerebrovascular Reactivity in Multifocal Vascular Disease Patients Using Calibrated Perfusion and Temporal Shift
Authors: Wang Xiuyuan , Dogra Siddhant , Ishida Koto , Gupta Alejandro , Qiu Deqiang , Dehkharghani Seena
Published: August 2023

Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is a widely used estimation of hemodynamic stress and ischemic stroke risk but its semi-quantitative nature relegates it primarily to estimations of relative change by comparison to putatively normal territories. Diagnostic and prognostic utility is thus attenuated in commonly encountered patients with bihemispheric disease, thus we have tested approaches for identification of candidate healthy voxels accompanying perfusion imaging or inline calibration of BOLD temporal shift, optimized in a cohort of subjects with strictly unilateral macrovascular disease. Excellent agreement with normative CVR values was observed, suggesting its applicability in patients with multi-focal or ambiguous vascular disease patterns.
MR Multitasking-based Dynamic Imaging for Cerebrovascular Evaluation (MT-DICE): A Simulation Study for Accuracy Validation
Authors: Hu Zhehao , Wang Nan , Christodoulou Anthony , Shiroishi Mark , Zada Gabriel , Li Debiao , Fan Zhaoyang
Published: August 2023

MR Multitasking-based Dynamic Imaging for Cerebrovascular Evaluation (MT-DICE) technique is recently developed and has the potential to provide DCE- and leakage-corrected DSC-MRI parameters simultaneously with one 7.6-minute scan and a single-dose contrast injection. However, it remains a practical challenge to validate the technique against their respective references with repeated contrast injections in separate days. In this work, we perform a numerical simulation study to validate the accuracy of MT-DICE in the estimation of permeability and leakage-corrected perfusion metrics.
ECG-free 2D cardiac cine MRI with data-driven clustering
Authors: Ming Zhengyang , Colbert Caroline , Dan Ruan , Wu Holden , Christodoulou Anthony , Finn J. Paul , Hu Peng , Nguyen Kim-Lien
Published: August 2023

Conventional 2D cardiac cine imaging relies on ECG-gating whereas self-gated approaches mitigate ECG-dependency by assuming that cardiac motion is periodic with well-defined frequencies. This assumption breaks down when patients have irregular cardiac rhythm. We propose a segmented Cartesian golden step balanced steady-state free precession sequence (bSSFP) with motion navigators and a clustering algorithm to alleviate the dependency on regular motion assumptions and to emphasize the intrinsic similarity of mechanical motion. Compared to standard ECG-gated 2D bSSFP cine performed in normal sinus rhythm, initial validation using our approach achieved similar image quality and quantitative metrics for cardiac function.
DL-Based LV Volume Segmentation to Compare Respiratory-Corrected and 4D XD-GRASP Respiratory Motion-Resolved Whole-Heart Reconstructions
Authors: Yang Yitong , Shah Zahraw , Jacob Athira , Hair Jackson , Chitiboi Teodora , Passerini Tiziano , Yerly Jerome , Sopra Lorenzo , Piccini Davide , Hosseini Zahra , Sharma Puneet , Sahu Anurag , Stuber Matthias , Oshinski John
Published: August 2023

Rapid and accurate quantification of left ventricular volume is essential for studying cardiac function. In this work, two reconstruction techniques for free-breathing, ECG-gated, radial, golden-angle phyllotaxis acquisition of whole-heart CMR are assessed for their accuracy in quantifying left ventricular volume using deep learning (DL)-based automatic cardiac chamber segmentation. The off-line reconstruction that resolves 4D (3D+respiratory) images had better agreement between the DL-based segmentation and an expert’s manual segmentation than the in-line reconstruction that corrects for respiratory motion, as assessed by the average volume difference (p=0.026) and 3D Dice coefficients (p=0.032).
Improved strain analysis of cine images by deep learning from DENSE: Comparison of a 3D Unet and an optical-flow net
Authors: Wang Yu , Sun Changyu , Ghadimi Sona , Daniel Auger , Croisille Pierre , Viallon Magalie , Cao Jie , Cheng Yang , Scott Andrew , Ferreira Pedro , Oshinski John , Ennis Daniel , Bilchick Kenneth , Epstein Frederick
Published: August 2023

Cine DENSE provides both myocardial contours and intramyocardial displacements. We propose to use DENSE to train deep networks to predict intramyocardial motion from contour motion. Two workflows were implemented: a two-step FlowNet2-based framework with a through-time correction network and a 3D (2D+t) Unet framework. Both networks depicted cardiac contraction and abnormal motion patterns. The 3D Unet showed excellent reliability for global circumferential strain (Ecc) and good reliability for segmental Ecc, and it outperformed commercial FT for both global and segmental Ecc.
MRI-derived contractility index as an early measure of thoracic radiation therapy-induced subclinical cardiotoxicity
Authors: Ibrahim El-Sayed , Baker John , Bergom Carmen
Published: August 2023

Radiation therapy (RT) plays an integral role in treating a number of thoracic cancers, despite risks of radiation-induced cardiotoxicity. The purpose of this study is to investigate the capability of advanced the MRI-generated contractility index (ContractiX) for early detection of RT-induced cardiotoxicity in a pre-clinical rat model of thoracic cancer RT. While EF increased post-RT, peak systolic strain and ContractiX significantly decreased post-RT, with more relative reduction in ContractiX compared to strain. Therefore, ContractiX is a sensitive early marker for detection of subclinical cardiac dysfunction post-RT in pre-clinical models.
Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA) is associated with higher R2 relaxation rate: An ex-vivo MRI and pathology study
Authors: Yasar Md Tahmid , Tazwar Mahir , Tamhane Ashish , Evia Arnold , Bennett David , Schneider Julie , Arfanakis Konstantinos
Published: August 2023

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is characterized by deposition of amyloid-β protein in the walls of cortical and leptomemingeal small vessels. CAA is common in community-based older adults and has been associated with cognitive decline and dementia. To date, the association of CAA with the transverse relaxation rate, R2, remains unknown. This study in a large number of autopsied brains from community-based older adults showed for the first time that CAA is associated with higher R2, independent of other neuropathologies and demographic factors. The spatial pattern for this association derived from voxel-wise analysis included subcortical and frontal lobe structures.
A randomized controlled trial of statins to reduce inflammation in cerebral aneurysms using vessel wall MRI
Authors: Zhu Chengcheng , Kang Huibin , Tian Decai , Mossa-basha Mahmud , Levitt Michael , Hasan David , Yang Xinjian , Zhang Yisen
Published: August 2023

Aneurysm wall enhancement as shown on contrast-enhanced vessel wall MRI (VW-MRI) is a surrogate biomarker of intracranial aneurysm (IA) wall inflammation, and it is associated with IA symptoms, growth, and rupture. However, it hasn't been used in clinical trails for UIA treatment. We performed the first prospective randomized controlled trial on the effect of statins for changes in aneurysm wall enhancement as shown in VW-MRI. We found that statins decreased aneurysm wall enhancement of UIAs in a short term of 6 months. Our results suggest VWI-MRI has great potential in future image-guided clinical trails to investigate novel treatment of IAs.
Study of Aging Muscles using 3D Strain and Strain Rate Projected along Muscle Fiber DTI Eigenvector Directions
Authors: Cunnane Brandon , Malis Vadim , Sinha Usha , Hernandez Ryan , Hodgson John , Sinha Shantanu
Published: August 2023

Feasibility is shown of studying aging muscles using rapid, compressed sensing VE-PC technique at relatively high isometric forces to calculate projections of 3D strain and strain rate tensor along fiber eigenvectors calculated from DTI.
Fatty Acid Composition of Proximal Femur Bone Marrow in Subjects with Systemic Lupus Erythematous Using 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Authors: Martel Dimitri , Saxena Amit , Belmont H. Michael , Honig Stephen , Monga Anmol , Chang Gregory
Published: August 2023

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, inflammatory, multisystem disease predominantly affecting young women. Patients with SLE have a significantly worse health-related quality of life compared to healthy subjects or patients with other chronic diseases. MSK manifestations in SLE patients are common, including reductions in bone quality. Studies using magnetic magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) have shown that change in bone marrow fat amount and composition is associated with decreased bone quality. The aim of our study was to use MRS to assess differences of BMAT in SLE without treatment (n=28), SLE treated (n=15) and controls (n=21).
Bone marrow fat quantification on vertebral and lower extremities using in-vivo MR spectroscopy: diabetes patients v.s healthy control
Authors: Wu Po-hung , Xu Kaipin , Joseph Gabby , Li Yan , Li Xiaojuan , Link Thomas , Kazakia Galateia
Published: August 2023

Patients with type II diabetes (T2D) have increased fracture risk. Increased bone marrow fat is associated with increased fracture risk. We hypothesized that T2D patients will have altered bone marrow fat (BMF) and marrow composition biomarkers. In this study, we performed magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to quantify BMF and composition biomarkers at the spine in 37 T2D patients and 36 controls, and at the distal tibia in 30 T2D patients 32 controls. The results suggest that T2D may change vertebral marrow composition, particularly in men, which may be a factor in the development of increased bone fragility related to T2D.
COVID-19 as an Opportunity for Quality Improvement in MR Neuro Imaging.
Authors: Camerucci Emanuele , Thulasee Jose , Bernstein Matthew , Messina Steven , Kollasch Peter , Huston John
Published: August 2023

We took advantage of the COVID-19-related decrease in clinical volume to conduct a quality improvement project; we established a panel of 24 experts for reviewing currently used brain MRI sequences and proposing ways to improve image quality and/or decrease acquisition time. The proposed sequences were integrated in existing protocols and compared with the standard ones. We were able to improve 14 of the most used brain MRI sequences with an equal or improved image quality and reduced acquisition time. Hence, we were able to reduce the acquisition time of our Brain protocol and Epilepsy protocol by 29.2% and 40%, respectively.
Dose-Escalated Radiation Treatment Plans in Glioblastoma Based on Quantitative Magnetization Transfer using a 1.5T MR-Linac
Authors: Chan Rachel , Ruschin Mark , Lawrence Liam , Stewart James , Myrehaug Sten , Tseng Chia-Lin , Detsky Jay , Maralani Pejman , Lim-Fat Mary Jane , Soliman Hany , Stanisz Greg , Sahgal Arjun , Lau Angus
Published: August 2023

Hybrid MR/radiotherapy MR-Linac devices enable dose adaptation based on daily imaging. Saturation transfer MRI, including quantitative magnetization transfer (qMT) and chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST), have been shown to predict treatment response in glioblastoma. Here, in a proof-of-principle study, we demonstrated the feasibility of retrospectively generating dose-escalated radiation plans based on qMT semi-solid fraction maps acquired on the MR-Linac. Treatment plans with a 115-120% boost dose were successfully generated in all four patients and adhered to clinical organs-at-risk dose constraints.
Hippocampus Shape Characterization with 3D Zernike Transformation in Clinical Alzheimer’s Disease Progression
Authors: Zhu David , Gwo Chih-Ying , Deng An-Wen , Scheel Norman , Dowling Mari , Zhang Rong
Published: August 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease and the most common cause of dementia among older adults. We implemented 3D Zernike transformation to characterize the shape changes of hippocampus in 428 older subjects with high-quality T1-weighted volumetric brain scans. The hippocampus shape features characterized with 3D Zernike transformation, in complement to volume measures, may serve as a novel imaging marker to monitor clinical AD progression.
Abdominal DCE-MRI in mice with stack of stars sampling and KWIC image reconstruction
Authors: Pickup Stephen , Joaquim Miguel Romanello Giroud , Choi Hoon , Gupta Mamta , Clendenin Cynthia , Song Hee Kwon , Zhou Rong
Published: August 2023

Dynamic contrast enhanced MRI data in the abdomens of small animal models is often corrupted due to the effects respiratory and peristaltic motion. Here a DCE protocol that employs stack of stars sampling throughout was implemented and was shown to be robust with respect to motion artifacts. The sampling scheme also facilitates image reconstruction methods that employ view sharing, notably KWIC, yielding images with high temporal and spatial resolution. The protocol was demonstrated in an orthotopic murine model of pancreatic cancer. The resulting data were analyzed using the reference tissue method and provided high quality Ktrans and ve parameter maps.
Signal dropout reduction in PSF mapping based reverse gradient fMRI with reversed partial-Fourier acquisition
Authors: In Myung-Ho , Kang Daehun , Jo Hang Joon , Yarach Uten , Meyer Nolan , Trzasko Joshua , Huston John , Bernstein Matt , Shu Yunhong
Published: August 2023

An interleaved, reverse gradient fMRI (RG-fMRI) with a point-spread-function mapping-based approach was recently proposed to minimize geometric distortion and signal dropout in echo-planar-imaging (EPI) by acquiring a pair of EPIs with the opposite (forward and reverse) phase-encoding gradient polarity and combining them after distortion correction. This study showed that the effective echo-shift map can be reliably obtained from PSF mapping to predict local signal dropouts. The predicted echo-shifting can provide guidance for protocol optimization for RG-fMRI using partial Fourier (PF) acquisition.
Increased repeatability in blind source separation analysis of dynamic contrast enhanced MRI
Authors: Patel Dipal , Badalan Alexandru , Ahmed Zaki , Levesque Ives
Published: August 2023

Blind source separation can be used to linearly decompose DCE-MRI time-course data into a sparse set of time courses, or sources, and maps of coefficients, or weights, to describe the entire 4D dataset. This type of analysis generates in realistic time-courses for the wash-in and wash-out of the contrast agent, and maps of the distribution of these dynamics. In turn, these decompositions may hold diagnostic value. Random initialization typical of such algorithms makes the output unstable. This work sought design an approach to blind source separation analysis of DCE-MRI with lower variability and independent of NMF initialization.
Noise-Fill Interpolation Improves Statistical Power of Lesion Detection in Voxel-Wise Analyses
Authors: Fleysher Roman , Fleysher Lazar , Kim Namhee , Lipton Michael , Branch Craig
Published: August 2023

Image interpolation is inextricable in many image analysis steps including registration of low resolution images to a standard high resolution template. Interpolated images are often smoothed and their voxel intensities are not statistically independent which severely complicates subsequent statistical analysis at the group level. Difficult to account correlations lead to higher than expected false-positive rates. We propose a new, noise-fill, image interpolation method which avoids both spatial blurring and loss of statistical independence of the voxel intensities. We show that noise-fill interpolation improves sensitivity of lesion detection in simulated patient-specific voxel-wise cluster analyses compared to other typically used interpolation methods.
Localization of Prostate Cancer at 3-T Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging using Prostate Sector Map
Authors: Zabihollahy Fatemeh , Raman Steven , Wibulpolprasert Pornphan , Reiter Robert , Wu Holden , Sung Kyung
Published: August 2023

Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has a significant impact on prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis. However, it is important to realize its accuracy for PCa detection. In this study, we compare mpMRI with whole-mount histopathology (WMHP) images as a reference to discover the limitation of mpMRI for PCa lesion localization. The results are presented as a spatial probability map, corresponding to the prostate sector map used in Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System version 2.1 (PI-RADSv2.1), to highlight the regions on the prostate glands that require further attention from clinicians for a more accurate diagnosis of PCa and its treatment planning.
Super Resolution Enhanced PROPELLER for Retrospective Motion Correction
Authors: Levac Brett , Tamir Jonathan
Published: August 2023

PROPELLER based acquisitions have the unique ability to give low resolution images for each echo train acquired and are often used for motion correction. However, motion correction with PROPELLER can often be hindered due to the low resolution nature of each shot. We propose a technique which leverages recent advancements in super resolution neural networks to enhance low resolution PROPELLER shots for better inter-shot motion estimation.
3D Tissue Oxygenation Level Dependence MRI on head and neck cancers by using 3D Stack of Star acquisition and Variable Flip Angle T1 method
Authors: Kim Seong-Eun , Roberts John , Kholmovski Eugene , Hitchcock Ying , Anzai Yoshimi
Published: August 2023

Hypoxia is a common feature of most solid tumors, reflecting an imbalance of oxygen delivery and consumption. Tumor hypoxia is an indicator of a treatment resistance and overall poor prognosis in head and neck cancer. Change in tissue oxygen concentration level (TOLD) induced by breathing pure oxygen produces proportional change in tissue T1 relaxivity. The proposed technique, a motion insensitive 3D TOLD MRI using 3D VFA T1 Stack of Star sampling, has obvious advantages over conventional 3D VFA technique for reliable and accurate T1 measurements and a great potential for the assessment of tumor hypoxia in HNC patients.
Analytical T2 mapping refinement using the bSSFP elliptical signal model
Authors: Dong Yiyun , Hoff Michael
Published: August 2023

The elliptical signal model (ESM) for bSSFP imaging exhibits potential for quantitative imaging. Recent work proposed the first analytical T2 solution based on the bSSFP ESM, with instability at large T2 values. Instead of using the sum of squares (SOS) to combine multiple intermediate solutions, here a multi-step regional variance weighting methodology is proposed to generate a refined analytical T2 computation. The new method for T2 computation improves T2 computation performance relative to the SOS and near problematic dark bands, inspiring novel clinical applications of bSSFP in quantitative imaging.
Reconstruction May Benefit from Tailored Sampling Trajectories: Optimizing Non-Cartesian Trajectories for Model-based Reconstruction
Authors: Wang Guanhua , Noll Douglas , Fessler Jeffrey
Published: August 2023

This abstract explores non-Cartesian sampling trajectories that are optimized specifically for various reconstruction methods (CG-SENSE, penalized least-squares, compressed sensing, and unrolled neural networks). The learned sampling trajectories vary in the k-space coverage strategy and may reflect underlying characteristics of the corresponding reconstruction method. The reconstruction-specific sampling trajectory optimization leads to the most reconstruction quality improvement. This work demonstrates the potential benefit of jointly optimizing imaging protocols and downstream tasks (i.e., image reconstruction).
Advanced Signal Combination for Improved Image Quality in the Presence of Motion
Authors: Haji-valizadeh Hassan , Bhave Sampada , Wagner Jennifer , Sharma Samir
Published: August 2023

Motion is a major challenge in MRI. Averaging multiple acquisitions of the same target can help suppress motion artifacts. However, combining multiple acquisitions with equal weighting can produce non-diagnostic image quality if one acquisition suffers from significantly more motion artifacts than the other acquisition. For this study, a framework for suppressing motion artifacts was developed by assigning higher weighting to the acquisition with less motion. The performance of the proposed strategy, called advanced signal combination (ASC), was evaluated in sagittal T2-weighted C-spine MRI obtained with number of acquisitions=2. ASC was found to suppress motion artifact while maintaining SNR.
Artifact-specific MRI quality assessment with multi-task model
Authors: Lei Ke , Sharma Avishkar , Kin Cedric Sik , Zhu Xucheng , Bahrami Naeim , Alley Marcus , Pauly John , Vasanawala Shreyas
Published: August 2023

We present a CNN model that assesses diagnostic quality of MRIs in terms of noise, rigid motion and peristaltic motion artifacts. Our multi-task model consists of a set of shared convolutional layers followed by three branches, one for each artifact. We use dual-task training for two branches. We then utilize transfer learning for the third branch for which training data is scarce. We show that multi-task training improves the generalizability of the model, and transfer learning significantly improves the performance of the branch under data scarcity. Our model is deployed in clinically to provide warnings and artifact-specific solutions to technologists.
Fast Distortion-Free Structural Imaging near Metal at 7T
Authors: Mullen Michael , Garwood Michael , Yacoub Essa
Published: August 2023

Clinical MRI sequences for imaging near metallic implants are mainly multi-spectral approaches, with fast spin-echo acquisitions and large acceleration factors to achieve clinically relevant scan times. The authors previously reported a broadband, low flip angle method at 1.5T and 3T to image with large field inhomogeneity, such as near metallic implants, quickly relative to non-spatially selective multispectral approaches. Herein, modifications to the previous approach, dual polarity missing pulse steady-state free precession, are presented which achieve high spatial resolutions at 7T with a large 3D FOV in ~5 minutes.
Spherical Harmonic Active Shim Set Design for a Shoulder Cut-out MRI Platform
Authors: Lessard Eric , Handler William , Chronik Blaine
Published: August 2023

This simulation and electromagnetic design work explored the development of an active second order spherical harmonic shim set for eddy current compensation in a shoulder cut-out head and neck imaging platform. While the small radius shoulder cut-out shims can be driven faster and stronger than the larger radius complete cylinder shims they suffer in homogeneity and eddy current compensation. This difference in compensation is minimized with the addition of two purpose designed eddy current compensation coils.
Mobile application based monitoring system for RF coils at 7T Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Kandala Sri Kirthi , Fuentes Alberto , Turner Gregory , Sohn Sung-Min
Published: August 2023

Like most modern electronic devices, a mobile application based Radio Frequency (RF) coil monitoring system will make it easy to carry out any real-time changes to the RF coil. This work focuses on developing a mobile application based RF monitoring system, that allows the user to gather real-time RF coil characteristics and control the coil. It gives the user a chance to make changes when necessary. The opportunity to wirelessly implement such changes without physical contact with the coil, using a mobile application via Bluetooth is a step in the direction towards building next-generation RF coils for MRI.
Low-cost MR-compatible pneumatic respiratory motion simulator for development of MR-guided therapies
Authors: Kim Kisoo , Jones Peter , Diederich Chris , Ozhinsky Eugene
Published: August 2023

We developed a low-cost and simple MR-compatible respiratory motion simulator to support proof-of-concept studies of MR monitoring approaches with respiration-induced organ motion. The motion system integrates pneumatic control via an actuator subsystem outside the MRI and coupled via plastic tubing to a compressible bag for distention and retraction within the MRI motion subsystem and phantom within the MRI scanner. The proposed respiratory motion simulator provided consistent periodic respiratory motion with displacement in the range 3.7-9.0 mm. The respiratory simulator could be easily assembled with off-the shelf and 3D-printed parts, based on open-source design models.
Impact of Fat Droplet Sizes on R2* in Fat-Iron phantoms for Accurate Assessment of Hepatic Steatosis and Iron Overload Using MRI
Authors: Brasher Sarah , Morin Cara , Tipirneni-Sajja Aaryani
Published: August 2023

R2* correction is necessary for improving the accuracy of fat fraction quantification in assessing steatosis. However, the dephasing effects of concurrent iron overload may be dependent on the size of iron and fat particles. In this study, we controlled the size of fat droplets in fat-iron emulsion phantoms by traditional stir bar methods and homogenization. R2* and far fraction (FF) values were estimated with multi-spectral models that assume a common or independent R2* for water and fat. Our results show that R2* was slightly reduced in homogenized phantoms at higher fat fractions compared to stir bar phantoms.
Error Propagation in Absolute Metabolite Quantification for MR Spectroscopy of the Human Brain
Authors: Instrella Ronald , Juchem Christoph
Published: August 2023

Spectral quantification methods provide absolute concentration estimates of metabolites from data acquired using in vivo MR spectroscopy. Cramér-Rao Lower Bounds (CRLB) are commonly employed as a minimum estimate of concentration error; however, absolute quantification relies on more than simply the uncertainty of Linear Combination Modeling (LCM). The uncertainties of both metabolite (e.g. T1, T2) and sequence-specific parameters (e.g. TR, TE), are generally ignored, leading to a systemic overestimation of accuracy. In this study, we present an analysis using the propagation of uncertainty to derive a more comprehensive estimate of the overall error of metabolite quantification.
PET Recon with MR Priors: Application in Ambiguously Rated Amyloid PET Scans
Authors: Khalighi Mehdi , Zaharchuk Greg , Zeineh Michael , Davidzon Guido , Kennedy Gabriel , Young Christina , Greicius Michael , Poston Kathleen , Mormino Elizabeth
Published: August 2023

A recently developed PET recon with MR priors and motion correction method is applied to a set of ambiguously rated amyloid PET scans and is compared with regular TOF-OSEM PET recon using SUVR. The same comparison is done in a set of scans which were matched by clinical diagnosis. By using PET recon with MR priors, lower SUVRs for negative scans compared to increased SUVRs for positive scans were measured, which shows improvement in the ability to distinguish intermediate amyloid levels.
In Scan Room No-Interference High Efficiency Switching Power Supply with GaN
Authors: Sabate Juan , Snow Logan , Hu Huan , Buchwald Randy
Published: August 2023

A switching regulator implemented with GaN power semiconductors and air core inductors was shown not to create any noise that affected the scanner imaging. This was due to the selected switching frequency of 2.489MHz, which avoided harmonics at imaging frequencies of interest. The switching regulator size and thermal management at 90% does not require any additional support systems in the scan room. This demonstrates that GaN-based switching regulators can be a good solution to regulate voltages in the scan room and also significantly reduce the cabling and simplify installation.
High-resolution whole-brain diffusion MRI at 7 Tesla using 63-channel signal reception
Authors: Ma Xiaodong , Grant Andrea , Waks Matt , Auerbach Edward , Adriany Gregor , Ugurbil Kamil , Wu Xiaoping
Published: August 2023

There has been an increasing interest to acquire high-resolution diffusion MRI at ultrahigh field (≥7 Tesla) due to the increased SNR and improved parallel imaging performance. To fully capitalize on the benefit of ultrahigh field, it is desirable to image with many receiver coils. In this study, we acquired slice-accelerated whole-brain 1.05-mm isotropic diffusion images on an FDA-approved 7 Tesla scanner (Siemens Terra) using a homemade 63-channel head RF array with various slice and in-plane accelerations. We found that the use of 63 channels can achieve higher acceleration factors (up to 9-fold acceleration in total) while maintaining the image quality.
Techniques for Preparing and Scanning Neonatal Patients for MRI
Authors: Posh John
Published: August 2023

Neonatal Imaging can be challenging in MRI. New texts are often unsure of how to ensure the babies safety and "compliance". We present here are some basic techniques on how to prepare and scan neonatal patients in MRI
Proposal for an MRI protocol for cerebrospinal flows
Authors: ARBEAUMONT-TROCME Garance , VAN GYSEL julien , BALEDENT Olivier , METANBOU Serge
Published: August 2023

Flow MRI is useful for imaging flow from the LCS and blood in the craniospinal system. Currently, at the Amiens University Hospital, we are performing these sequences in clinical routine in patients with pathologies involving potential alterations in cerebral hemohydynamics such as hydrocephalus, intracranial hypertension, Arnold Chiari's malformation. This poster presents the specifics of the MRI flow sequence applied to brain flows.
Reducing motion artifacts on abdominal PET/MR images
Authors: Ravanfar Vahid , Khalighi Mohammad , Bobb Chad , Bahroos Emma , Seo Youngho , Jariwala Namasvi , Behr Spencer
Published: August 2023

Motion can pose a significant challenge for positron emission tomography (PET) reconstructions. A block sequential regularized expectation maximization reconstruction algorithm (Q.Clear, GE Healthcare) is used to increase the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of PET images. Respiratory motion compensation Quiescent Phase Gating (QPG), also called Q.Static, is used to reduce motion-induced artifacts by extracting data from the quiescent period. Q.Static performed without Q.Clear increases image noise as only ~50% of the counts are utilized for image reconstruction. However, Q.Static performed with Q.Clear improves image quality for whole-body PET without increasing the scan time.
A comparison of child and adult perceptions and experiences of having an MRI at 7T
Authors: Bridgen Pip , Colford Kathleen , Wilkinson Thomas , Sedlacik Jan , Vecchiato Katy , Casella Chiara , Tomi-Tricott Raphael , Carmichael David , O’Muircheartaigh Jonathan , Malik Shaihan , Giles Sharon , Hajnal Joseph , Hughes Emer
Published: August 2023

The aim of this study was to gather data from children on their subjective experiences when undergoing high field MRI and compare this to adult data collected with similar questionnaires. Seventeen children and twenty-six healthy adults had brain imaging at 7T. Their experiences which included: (a) acoustic noise, (b) anxiety, (c) metallic taste (d) vertigo (dizziness) and e) involuntary eye movement (nystagmus) or flashing lights were evaluated. We found that children scanned at 7T reported similar experiences to adults.
Non-Invasive MRI of Putamen Using Fused T1 MPRAGE and IR TSE FLAIR
Authors: Borkon Anna , DiBalsi Michael , Muehlmatt Amy , Smith Geary , Lucas Timothy
Published: August 2023

The innovative method of fusing T1-weighted magnetization prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo (MPRAGE) and inversion recovery turbo spin echo fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (IR TSE FLAIR) provides the whole brain image with improved tissue contrast and distinguishes the boundaries within the subcortical structures of the basal ganglia. The presented experiment uses non-invasive MRI-guided imaging to obtain an adequate therapeutic coverage infusing the AAV test article to the right and left Putamen. Results have shown that fused MPRAGE and IR TSE FLAIR acquisitions obtained non-invasively provides more reliable and precise imaging of the right and left Putamen targeted for gene therapy.
Noise Power Spectrum and Modulation Transfer Function in Deep Learning Based Reconstruction Method
Authors: Nasada Ryosuke , Yamamoto Tatsuhito , Hiramitsu Yoshiyuki , Ugusa Kenji , Ando Kumiko , Ishikura Reiichi
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of Deep Learning (DL) method in MRI using Noise Power Spectrum and Modulation Transfer Function. To evaluate the effect of DL method, we compared the results without DL method and the results with DL method in the NPS and the MTF using phantom MR images. Deep learning Reconstruction method in MRI has the ability to reduce the average NPS value by more than 48.7% in denoising and improve the spatial resolution by 50% at all DL intensities.
Anxiety relaxation during MRI with a patient-friendly audiovisual system
Authors: Matsumoto Koji , Shimokawa Kenji , Yokota Hajime , Kobayashi Eiichi , Hirano Yoshiyuki , Masuda Yoshitada , Uno Takashi
Published: August 2023

Many patients experience anxiety, not limited to claustrophobia, before magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination. Thus, to examine improvements to the environment during MRI examinations, this study employed a non-randomized controlled trial and evaluated whether a patient-friendly audiovisual system in the MR scanner room reduces patient anxiety. As a result, the patient-friendly audiovisual system compared to the traditional environment reduced anxiety in patients undergoing MRI examinations. Thus, this system can be used to provide a more patient-centered environment and may relieve the negative perceptions associated with MRI examinations.
Whole Body DWI at 3T with Inline Geometric Distortion Correction and Broadband RF Inversion
Authors: Kennedy Ben , Ball Iain
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this work is to reverse geometric distortion uniformly across all stations of whole body Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) at 3T for near perfect co-registration with cartesian imaging and correct alignment between stations for improved diagnostic confidence. This translation of a well established and published research technique translated in to clinical in-line application for geometric distortion correction in Whole Body DWI applications at 3T has revolutionised our confidence further in challenging regions of the body such as the thorax as well as vastly improved geometric stitching of multiple stations.
3D Cranial Nerve Imaging with Background Suppression at 3T
Authors: Kennedy Ben , Ball Iain
Published: August 2023

Clinical presentations of many cranial nerve symptoms are scanned without an obvious gross pathology. The gold standard in MRI of high resolution multiplanar imaging with and without contrast often result in no obvious anatomical or post contrast injection enhancement changes. It involves a 3D fast spin echo Short Tau Inversion Recovery (STIR) with addition Motion Sensitive Driven Equilibrium (MSDE) preparation pulses for blood vessel/flow suppression. This sequence is improving our diagnostic confidence of cranial nerve neuropathies/neuritis with validation of perceived clinical indications.
Constructing an Image Quality Comparison
Authors: Pelkola Kristina , Wallace Tess , Morriss Peter , Dugan Monet , Jaimes Camilo , Afacan Onur , Warfield Simon
Published: August 2023

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become an increasingly popular imaging exam for pediatric patients due to its high resolution, multiplanar capabilities, and lack of ionizing radiation [1]. MRI is highly beneficial by providing detailed imaging to assist in the diagnosis and treatment plan for patients, but before a sequence becomes part of an established clinical protocol, there are many trials performed and data collected. Novel sequences, such as the motion robust imaging technique MPnRAGE [2], are emerging to help alleviate clinical imaging dilemmas, like motion artifacts, but this data needs to be examined and understood to make advancements.
Analisis Pembelajaran KPK dan FPB Kelas 4 SD
Authors: Unaenah Een , Melyana Angele , Ummah Siti Azkiatul
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this study was to see how the learning of the Least Common Multiple (KPK) and Greatest Common Factor (FPB) learning is carried out in grade 4 of Elementary School (SD). The concepts of KPK and FPB have important relevance in the development of students' understanding of mathematics, but are often taught fundamentally without regard to prerequisite concepts and variations of effective learning models. In this study, using the literature study method, we explore the concepts of KPK and FPB, effective teaching strategies, and their benefits in developing students' understanding of mathematics. We also identify challenges that may arise in KPK and FPB learning and provide solutions to overcome these challenges. The results of the study found that with a strong understanding of KPK and FPB, students can develop better mathematical skills and be ready to face more complex mathematical concepts in the future. By implementing appropriate teaching strategies and handling challenges that arise, learning from KPK and FPB is expected to improve students' understanding of mathematics in grade 4 elementary school.
Immunohistochemistry Update in Dermatopathology and Bone and Soft Tissue Pathology
Authors: Bourgeau Melanie , Gardner Jerad M.
Published: August 2023

Context.—

Immunohistochemistry plays an important role in dermatopathology, particularly for melanocytic lesions and poorly differentiated malignancies. In the field of bone and soft tissue pathology, molecular methods remain the gold standard for diagnosis; however, immunohistochemistry targeting underlying molecular alterations represents a valuable screening tool, especially in areas with limited access to molecular testing.

Objective.—

To describe the utility and limitations of new and emerging immunohistochemical stains in the diagnosis of skin, soft tissue, and bone tumors.

Data Sources.—

A literature review of recently described immunohistochemical stains in the fields of dermatopathology and bone and soft tissue pathology was performed.

Conclusions.—

Immunohistochemistry is an important adjunctive tool for select entities in dermatopathology and bone and soft tissue pathology, and it provides pathologists with valuable evidence of their behavior, underlying molecular alterations, and line of differentiation. Furthermore, immunostains targeting molecular abnormalities have the potential to replace current molecular methods. Many of these recently described stains demonstrate higher sensitivity and specificity; however, limitations and pitfalls still exist, and correlation with morphologic and clinical findings remains essential for diagnosis.
Implementation of Green Practices in Improving Service Quality of Food & Beverage Department at Hotel Indigo Bali Seminyak Beach
Authors: Dewi Ni Putu Trisna Puspita , Mataram I Gusti Agung Bagus , Sudiarta Made , Budiarta I Putu
Published: August 2023

Purpose: This study aims to determine the implementation of green practices in improving the quality of service in the food & beverage department at Hotel Indigo Bali Seminyak Beach.

Research methods: The data collection methods used in this study were observations, questionnaires, interviews and literature studies. The analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative, namely explaining systematically the data obtained during the study, so as to describe the state or status of a problem clearly and descriptively quantitatively using a 4-level likert scale. The number of respondents used was 12 respondents from the food & beverage department staff.

Findings: Overall the application of green practices in service quality has been applied optimally. There are several stages in the process of improving service quality which in the application of green action the average value is 3.11 which means that it has been maximally applied, green food average value is 3.06 which means it is quite optimally applied, green dionation with an average value of 2.86 which is quite optimally applied.

Implication: There is a need to evaluations, conducting SOP training and conducting supervision while working.
Weakly monotone decreasing solutions to elliptic Schrodinger integral system
Authors: Chernysh Edward
Published: August 2023

In this article, we study positive solutions to an elliptic Schrodinger system in \(R^n\) for \(n\geq 2\). We give general conditions guaranteeing the non-existence of positive solutions and introduce weakly monotone decreasing functions. We also establish lower-bounds on the decay rates of positive solutions and obtain upper-bounds when these are weakly monotone decreasing.

For more information see https://ejde.math.txstate.edu/Volumes/2021/28/abstr.html
The problem with GBIF's Phylogeny Explorer
Authors: Page Roderic
Published: August 2023

GBIF recently released the Phylogeny Explorer, using legumes as an example dataset. The goal is to enables users to “view occurrence data from the GBIF network aligned to legume phylogeny.” The screenshot below shows the legume phylogeny side-by-side with GBIF data.
Pengaruh Kompensasi, Reward Dan Disiplin Kerja, Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pabrik Pengolahan Kelapa Sawit PT. Tani Prima Makmur
Authors: Tauwi Tauwi , Masyaili Masyaili , Izharuddin Pagala
Published: August 2023

Pengaruh Kompensasi, Reward dan Disiplin Kerja terhadap Kinerja karyawan pabrik kelapa sawit PT. Tani Prima Makmur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui “Pengaruh Kompensasi, Reward dan Disiplin Kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan pabrik kelapa sawit PT. Tani Prima Makmur. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh karyawan pabrik kelapa sawit PT. Tani Prima Makmur yang berjumlah 96 orang. Penentuan sampel dalam penelitian ini dilakukan secara sensus artinya seluruh populasi dijadikan sampel. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linear berganda Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Kompensasi, Reward dan Disiplin Kerja secara simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Kompensasi secara parsial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan, reward secara parsial berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan, disiplin kerja berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan pabrik kelapa sawit PT. Tani Prima Makmur.
Penyuluhan Kesehatan Tentang Penyakit Infeksi Menular Seksual (IMS) Pada Remaja
Authors: Hairuddin K , Passe Rosita , Sudirman Jumrah
Published: August 2023

Remaja dan dewasa muda usia (15-24 tahun) hanya merupakan 25% dari keseluruhan populasi yang aktif berhubungan seksual namun mewakili hampir 50% kasus baru IMS. Usia muda dan remaja merupakan individu yang paling beresiko untuk tertular PMS karena usia muda, remaja lebih mudah terpengaruh secara tidak proporsional. Indonesia merupakan Negara urutan ke-lima paling beresiko IMS di Asia, Total kasus IMS yang ditangani pada tahun 2018 adalah 140.803 kasus dari 430 layanan IMS. Jumlah kasus IMS terbanyak adalah di tubuh vagina (klinis) 20.962 dan servicitis/procitis (lab) 33.205 kasus. Dari perkiraan CDC yaitu 20 juta kasus infeksi baru per tahun, separuh di antaranya ialah orang muda berusia 15-24 tahun. Data dari UNFPA dan WHO menyebutkan 1 dari 20 remaja tertular IMS setiap tahunnya. Hal ini menunjukkan masih tingginya kejadian IMS di kalangan remaja. Sehingga perlu di lakukan Tindakan atau intervensi Kesehatan masyarakat melalui pemberian penyuluhan Kesehatan. Bentuk kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dilakukan dengan pemberian penyuluhan Kesehatan tentang penyakit infeksi menular seksual (IMS) sebagai sarana pemberian informasi kepada remaja. Kegiatan dilakukan pada remaja di SMK Megarezky Makassar. Hasil pengabdian masyarakat di peroleh bahwa mayoritas pengetahuan remaja adalah kurang sebanyak 28 orang (80%) sebelum dilakukan penyuluhan dan mayoritas pengetahuan remaja adalah baik sebanyak 31 orang (89%) setelah di berikan penyuluhan. Kesimpulan menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan remaja setelah di berikan penyuluhan dibandingkan sebelum dilakukan penyuluhan.
Penyuluhan dan Pemeriksaan Kesehatan di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Utama Muh. Ilham Budi , Asrun Budyanita
Published: August 2023

Kesulitan akses pelayanan seperti kurang memadainya fasilitas kesehatan yang tersedia dan umumnya tidak adanya kemampuan masyarakat secara ekonomi menjadi alasan masyarakat enggan untuk memeriksakan kesehatannya disaat sakit terlebih pada masa pandemi saat ini. Sehingga program ini untuk memberikan penyuluhan pentingnya pemeriksaan Kesehatan di masa pandemi dan memberikan layanan pemeriksaan kesehatan secara gratis oleh tenaga medis setempat dan pemberian obat kepada masyarakat yang menderita sakit. Berdasarkan hasil diperoleh gambaran masih terdapat masyarakat yang tidak memeriksakan dirinya disaat sakit terlebih dimasa pandemi ini, karena alasan biaya dan hoax berita jika sakit akan dicovidkan, serta dari hasil pemeriksaan kesehatan gratis diperoleh masyarakat yang mengalami gangguan kesehatan, diantara lain 56 orang menderita penyakit rheumatik, 40 orang menderita infeksi saluran pernafasan akut, 20 orang dengan kelainan saluran cerna, 20 orang menderita penyakit kulit, 18 orang menderita hipertensi. Diharapkan kegiatan ini dapat meningkatkankan kesadaran masyarakat untuk pentingnya menjaga kesehatan dan memeriksakan kesehatannya secara berkala di fasilitas kesehatan terdekat.
Pelatihan E-Commerce Bagi Generasi Muda di Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang dalam Menumbuhkan Semangat Millenial Agriculture Entrepreneur
Authors: Asra Reza , Mursalat Aksal , Irwan Muh.
Published: August 2023

Penggunaan smartphone yang didukung dengan jaringan internet semakin mempermudah dalam berbagai keperluan dan komunikasi di kalangan masyarakat Indonesia. Masyarakat perlu diberi pemahaman bagaimana mengelola komoditi pertanian dan peternakan bisa menjadi lebih kreatif sehingga menambah income. Pemuda dalam hal ini adalah penerus bangsa yang diharapkan mampu menjadi wirausahawan yang tangguh dan mampu mengikuti perkembangan zaman berdasarkan karakter yang dimilikinya. Kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat ini dilakukan di kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang yang menjadikan pemuda sebagai objek sasaran pelatihan. KNPI dipilih sebagai mitra karena organisasi tersebut merupakan representasi pemuda di kabupaten tersebut. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah metode Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) meliputi tahap persiapan kegiatan; sosialisasi dan penyuluhan pemanfaatan aplikasi e-commerce; pelatihan penggunaan aplikasi; serta evaluasi dan monitoring. Berdasarkan hasil kegiatan pengabdian pada masyarakat, dapat disimpulkan hasil kegiatan dapat membantu pelaku usaha mikro kalangan muda dalam meningkatkan pemasaran produk, membantu meningkatkan perekonomian pemuda, memberikan wawasan akan pentingnya dunia digital dan mengetahui cara berwirausaha yang efektif yang sesuai dengan hasil survey sebesar 84%. Perlu diperhatikan bahwa kegiatan ini tidak berhenti hanya pada saat kegiatan dilaksanakan. Namun, hal ini perlu adanya follow up bagi organisasi KNPI kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang, serta sebaiknya melakukan kolaborasi pemerintah kabupaten, sehingga pemuda yang ingin berwirausaha dapat berjalan dengan lancar dan efisien dan mampu memotivasi generasi muda yang lain untuk berwirausaha.