bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Dynamic Evolution of the Ecological Footprint and Ecological Capacity of Qinghai Province
Authors: Guo Jing , Ren Jun , Huang Xiaotao , He Guifang , Shi Yan , Zhou Huakun
Published: April 2020

Based on the ecological footprint (EF) model, the dynamic changes in the per capita EF and per capita ecological carrying capacity (EC) in Qinghai Province from 2007 to 2017 were quantitatively analysed. The grey GM(1,1) prediction model was used to predict the per capita EF, per capita EC, and EF of ten thousand yuan of GDP. Additionally, the spatial change characteristics of the sustainable development status of the study area in four time periods were analysed using GIS technology. The results showed the following. (1) In the 11-year study period, Qinghai Province’s EF per capita grew gradually, increasing from 2.3027 hm2 in 2007 to 2.9837 hm2 in 2017. (2) The EC per capita in Qinghai Province remained a slight linear upward trend. (3) The environmental sustainability in Qinghai Province deteriorated over time. (4) According to the spatial characteristics, the overall sustainable development state changed markedly in the eastern region but was stable in the central and western regions. This paper proposes some countermeasures and suggestions to help Qinghai Province work towards sustainable development, such as controlling the population, adjusting the industrial structure, developing a low-carbon circular economy, and implementing ecological engineering.
New Business Models for Sustainable Spare Parts Logistics: A Case Study
Authors: González-Varona José M. , Poza David , Acebes Fernando , Villafáñez Félix , Pajares Javier , López-Paredes Adolfo
Published: April 2020

Additive manufacturing of spare parts significantly impacts industrial, social, and environmental aspects. However, a literature review shows that: (i) academic papers on the adoption of additive manufacturing have focused mainly on large companies; (ii) the methods required by SMEs to adopt new technologies differ from those employed by large companies; and (iii) recent studies suggest that a suitable way to help small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to adopt new additive manufacturing technologies from the academic world is by presenting case studies in which SMEs are involved. Given the increasing number of global SMEs (i.e., SMEs that manufacture locally and sell globally), we claim that these companies need to be assisted in adopting spare-parts additive manufacturing for the sake of resource and environmental sustainability. To bridge this gap, the purpose of this article is to present a case study approach that shows how a digital supply chain for spare parts has the potential to bring about changes in business models with significant benefits for both global SMEs (more effective logistic management), customers (response time), and the environment (reduced energy, emissions, raw materials, and waste).
Impact of Air Pollution Regulation and Technological Investment on Sustainable Development of Green Economy in Eastern China: Empirical Analysis with Panel Data Approach
Authors: Zhao Mingliang , Liu Fangyi , Song Yingjie , Geng Jiangbo
Published: April 2020

In eastern China, where air pollution is severe and government regulations are being tightened, green economic development has become the government’s goal. This paper makes an improvement in the measurement of the Green Total Factor Productivity (GTFP) index, and an intensity measure method reciprocal of the ratio of air pollutant emissions to the GDP is adopted to estimate the level of air pollution regulation. Applying an air pollution monitoring data sample of 87 cities in eastern China, empirically tests the relationship between air pollution regulation, technological investment, and green economic growth. The positive influence of air pollution regulation on GTFP in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is higher than that in the Yangtze River Delta region. Therefore, improving the coordinated monitoring mechanism of environment and economic development can achieve co-benefits. Technological investment can promote the improvement of GTFP, but it could have a negative impact on green technology progress in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. The output efficiency of technological investment should be improved. Technological investment has a positive influence on green technology efficiency and green technology progress in the Yangtze River Delta. The robustness test suggests that the influence direction and significance of the core variables were unchanged, which supports the research conclusion.
Vehicle Identity Recovery for Automatic Number Plate Recognition Data via Heterogeneous Network Embedding
Authors: Chen Yixian , He Zhaocheng
Published: April 2020

Automatic number plate recognition (ANPR) systems, which have been widely equipped in many cities, produce numerous travel data for intelligent and sustainable transportation. ANPR data operate at an individual level and carry the unique identities of vehicles, which can support personalized traffic planning. However, these systems also suffer from the common problem of missing data. Different from the traditional missing cases, we focus on the problem of the loss of vehicle identities in ANPR records due to recognition failure or other environmental factors. To address the issue, we propose a heterogeneous graph embedding framework that constructs a travel heterogeneous information network (THIN) and learns the embeddings of the entities to find the best matched vehicles for the unknown records. As a result, the recovery of vehicle identities is cast as an entity alignment task on a THIN. The proposed method integrates the vehicle group entities and context relations into the THIN for capturing the spatiotemporal relationships in vehicle travel and adopts a holographic embeddings model for better fitting the network structure. Empirically, we test it with a real ANPR dataset collected from Xuancheng, China, which has a densely-distributed camera network. The experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed graph structure under different missing rates. Further, we compare it with other embedding methods and the results support the superiority of holographic embeddings.
Crash Risk Assessment of Off-Ramps, Based on the Gaussian Mixture Model Using Video Trajectories
Authors: Xu Ting , Hao Yanjun , Cui Shichao , Wu Xingqi , Zhang Zhishun , Chien Steven I-Jy , He Yulong
Published: April 2020

The focus of this paper is the crash risk assessment of off-ramps in Xi’an. The time-to-collision (TTC) is used for the measurement and cross-comparison of the crash risk of each location. Five sites from the urban expressway in Xi’an were selected to explore the TTC distribution. An unmanned aerial vehicle and a camera were used to collect traffic flow data for 20 min at each site. The parameters, including speed, deceleration rate, truck percentage, traffic volume, and vehicle trajectories, were extracted from video images. The TTCs were calculated for each vehicle. The Gaussian mixture model (GMM) was proposed to predict the TTC probability density functions (PDFs) and cumulative density functions (CDFs) for five sites. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K-S) test indicated that the samples followed the estimated GMM distribution. The relationship between the crash risk level and influencing factors was studied by an ordinal logistic regression model and a naive Bayesian model. The results showed that the naive Bayesian model had an accuracy of 86.71%, while the ordinal logistic regression model had an accuracy of 84.81%. The naive Bayesian model outperformed the ordinal logistic regression model, and it could be applied to the real-time collision warning system.
Does M&A Financing Affect Firm Performance under Different Ownership Types?
Authors: Chen Jiaqi , Zhao Xi , Niu Xiaotong , Fan Ying Han , Taylor Grantley
Published: April 2020

Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are an essential way for enterprises to achieve sustainable development. As large sums of money are typically involved in M&A transactions, financing is a vital factor in outcomes. This study examines the relation between equity and debt financing of M&A on subsequent performance, and the effect of ownership (state-owned enterprises versus private-owned enterprises) on M&A performance in China. We are motivated to examine the relation between financing methods and M&A performance in China because the differences in ownership, resource availability and policy support by the government for many firms may affect subsequent performance. Using a large sample of Chinese A-share listed companies between 2009 and 2016, we find that equity-financed M&A transactions lead to significantly better performance than debt-financed transactions. Equity-financed M&A transactions of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) perform significantly better as compared to debt-financed M&A, whereas equity-financed M&A transactions of private-owned enterprises (POEs) have little effect on their performance. This study extends our insights into the relation between M&A financing types and firm performance under different ownership types in the context of emerging markets.
Impact of Cruising for Parking on Travel Time of Traffic Flow
Authors: Zhu Yating , Ye Xiaofei , Chen Jun , Yan Xingchen , Wang Tao
Published: April 2020

Cruising for parking creates a moving queue of cars that are waiting for vacated parking spaces, but no one can see how many cruisers are in the queue because they are mixed in with normal cars that are actually going somewhere. In order to mitigate the influence of cruising for parking on the normal cars, the park-and-visit cruising tests with GPS and cameras was applied to collect the behavior of the cruisers, and the videotapes of traffic flows were used to measure the volume of cruising cars and the traffic status of normal cars, simultaneously. On this basis, a parking time model based on proportional hazard-based duration model was proposed, and the factors affecting cruise for parking were analyzed, including the volume, search time, speed, acceleration, lane-change frequency, and distracted time of the cruising car. The multiple linear regression model was also established to compare with proportional hazard-based duration model results. The results indicated that between 9 and 56 percent of the traffic was cruising for parking, and the average search time was about 6.03 min. The low-speed, volume, high acceleration frequency, and lane-change times of cruising cars have a negative effect on shortening travel time of the normal traffic flow. Conversely, high-speed of cruising cars has a positive effect on shortening travel time of traffic flow. Moreover, travel time changes in varying degrees due to various factors. Under postulated conditions, the model can be used to estimate the travel time. It is hoped that this study will contribute to improve the planning and management of cruising for parking.
Conceptualizing Festival Attractiveness and Its Impact on Festival Hosting Destination Loyalty: A Mixed Method Approach
Authors: Li Jing , Dai Guangquan , Tang Jinwen , Chen Ying
Published: April 2020

A number of studies have been conducted to examine the attractiveness of tourism destinations. However, there has been little research done on festival attractiveness nor on its impact on destination loyalty. This study employed a mixed method approach to investigate the festivals in Guangzhou city, China. Firstly, through a qualitative method, the four dimensions of festival attractiveness were identified, i.e., strong festival atmosphere, harmonious interpersonal interaction, distinct cultural symbols and rich festival activities. Then, based on a cognitive–affective–conative model, a quantitative method was used to explore the mechanism through which festival attractiveness impacts sense of place and destination loyalty. Structural equation modeling showed that all dimensions of festival attractiveness have positive effects on place attachment, but not all of them have positive effects on place identity. Findings further indicate that place attachment has a positive effect on place identity, and that place attachment and place identity both have positive effects on destination loyalty. These results indicate that festival hosting destination loyalty follows the processes of both festival attractiveness cognition and destination affection evaluation.
Road User Costs for Highway Construction Projects Involving a Lane Closure
Authors: Choi Jaehyun
Published: April 2020

While for years most American State Highway Agencies (SHAs) have performed Road User Cost (RUC) calculations, no uniformity from state to state has been established. There is scant research available that documents the testing and validation of existing RUC calculation methods for highway rehabilitation projects. Especially scarce are studies addressing the unique problem of accurately calculating RUC in the event of lane closures. This research addresses this problem by describing and comparing two methods of making such calculations: A manual method developed by the Texas Transportation Institute (TTI), and adopted by many other state agencies, such as the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT), and a commercial software package.
Solid Waste Characterization and Recycling Potential for a University Campus in China
Authors: Zhang Dongyong , Hao Mengge , Chen Sida , Morse Stephen
Published: April 2020

Waste characterization is the first step to a successful waste management system. This paper explores the trend of solid waste generated on a university campus (Longzi Lake Campus of Henan Agricultural University) in China and the factors that influence the potential for recycling of the waste. Face-to-face interviews were carried out for 12 consecutive months on a campus in central China, and 416 interviewees were questioned. It was found that 7.32 tonnes of solid waste were generated on the campus each day, of which 79.31% were recyclable. The characterization of major waste streams are discussed, and the results are compared with comparable data from five universities in a range of other countries (Mexico, Canada, Malaysia, Nigeria, and Ethiopia). The annual growth of GDP per capita in China over the past five years before the research appeared to play an important role in the increasing of food waste on university campus, and the proportion of food waste is found to have a positive influence on recycling potential.
Crude Oil Contaminated Soil: Its Neutralization and Use
Authors: Ergozhin Yedil , Dzhusipbekov Umirzak , Teltayev Bagdat , Nurgalieva Gulzipa , Shakirova Aynur , Khudaibergenova Karlygash , Izmailova Galiya , Yelshibayev Nurlan
Published: April 2020

The paper represents the research results for the process of crude oil-contaminated soil neutralization with the use of a neutralizer obtained on the basis ofhumic substances. Using physical methods (gas and liquid chromatography, fluorimetry, atomic absorption spectrometry, IR spectrometry), the element and group compositionswere determined for the crude oil-contaminated soil, neutralizer, and neutralized soil. Optimal parameters were determined for the process of the crude oil-contaminated soil neutralization under laboratory conditions:weight ratios of the crude oil-contaminated soil, neutralizer and water, and the temperature and neutralization process duration. The technological scheme was developed for the neutralization of the crude oil-contaminated soil in field conditions. It was found that low-boiling point hydrocarbon fractions (C12–C17) disappear completely at neutralization, the content of high-boiling point hydrocarbon fractions (C20–C23) is essentially increased, and the content of oil components and metals, including the toxic ones, is decreased. The engineering characteristics for nine mixtures of the stabilized soil, containing the neutralized soil, were evaluated under laboratory conditions and the conditions were determined for their use in road construction (with regard to road category, characteristic pavement layer, minimal air temperature). An experimental road section was constructed with the use of the stabilized soil with neutralized soil (40%).
City-Level China Traffic Safety Analysis via Multi-Output and Clustering-Based Regression Models
Authors: Yan Xingpei , Zhu Zheng
Published: April 2020

In the field of macro-level safety studies, road traffic safety is significantly related to socioeconomic factors, such as population, number of vehicles, and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Due to different levels of economic and urbanization, the influence of the predictive factors on traffic safety measurements can differ between cities (or regions). However, such region-level or city-level heterogeneities have not been adequately concerned in previous studies. The objective of this paper is to adopt a novel approach for traffic safety analysis with a dataset containing multiple target variables and samples from different subpopulations. Based on a dataset with annual traffic safety and socioeconomic measurements from 36 major cities in China, we estimate single-output regression models, multi-output regression models, and clustering-based regression models. The results indicate that the 36 cities can be clustered into a metropolitan city class and a non-metropolitan city class, and the class-specified models can notably improve the goodness-of-fit and the interpretability of city-level heterogeneities. Specifically, we note that the effect of primary and secondary industrial GDP on traffic safety is opposite to that of tertiary industrial GDP in the metropolitan city class, while the effects of the two decomposed GDP on traffic safety are consistent in the non-metropolitan city class. We also note that the population has a positive effect on the number of fatalities and the number of injures in metropolitan cities but has no significant influence on traffic safety in non-metropolitan cities.
Analysis on Spatial Pattern and Driving Factors of Carbon Emission in Urban–Rural Fringe Mixed-Use Communities: Cases Study in East Asia
Authors: Zhu Xiaoqing , Zhang Tiancheng , Gao Weijun , Mei Danying
Published: April 2020

Urban-intensive areas are responsible for an estimated 80% of greenhouse gas emissions, particularly carbon dioxide. The urban–rural fringe areas emit more greenhouse gases than urban centers. The purpose of this study is to analyze the spatial pattern and driving factors of carbon emissions in urban–rural fringe mixed-use communities, and to develop planning methods to reduce carbon emissions in communities. This study identifies mixed-use communities in East Asian urban–rural fringe areas as industrial, commercial, tourism, and rental-apartment communities, subsequently using the emission factor method to calculate carbon emissions. The statistical information grid analysis and geographic information systems spatial analysis method are employed to analyze the spatial pattern of carbon emission and explore the relationship between established space, industrial economy, material consumption, social behavior, and carbon emission distribution characteristics by partial least squares regression, ultimately summing up the spatial pattern of carbon emission in the urban–rural fringe areas of East Asia. Results show that (1) mixed-use communities in the East Asian urban–rural fringe areas face tremendous pressure to reduce emissions. Mixed-use community carbon emissions in the late urbanization period are lower than those the early urbanization. (2) Mixed-use community carbon emission is featured by characteristics, such as planning structure decisiveness, road directionality, infrastructure directionality, and industrial linkage. (3) Industrial communities produce the highest carbon emissions, followed by rental-apartment communities, business communities, and tourism communities. (4) The driving factor that most affects the spatial distribution of carbon emissions is the material energy consumption. The fuel consumption per unit of land is the largest driver of carbon emissions. Using the obtained spatial pattern and its driving factors of carbon emissions, this study provides suggestions for planning and construction, industrial development, material consumption, and convenient life guidance.
Genetic Algorithm for Embodied Energy Optimisation of Steel-Concrete Composite Beams
Authors: Whitworth Alex H. , Tsavdaridis Konstantinos Daniel
Published: April 2020

The optimisation of structural performance is acknowledged as a means of obtaining sustainable structural designs. A minimisation of embodied energy of construction materials is a key component in the delivery of sustainable future designs. This study attempts to understand the relationship between embodied energy and structural form of composite floor plates for tall buildings, and how this form can be optimised to minimise embodied energy. As a search method based upon the principles of genetics and natural selection, genetic algorithms (GA) have previously been used as novel means of optimising composite beams and composite frames for cost and weight objective functions. Parametric design models have also been presented as optimisation tools to optimise steel floor plates for both cost and embodied carbon. In this study, a Matlab algorithm is presented incorporating MathWorks global optimisation toolbox GA and utilising Eurocode 4 design processes to optimise a composite beam for five separate objective functions: maximise span length; minimise beam cross-section; minimise slab depth; minimise weight; minimise deflected shape for each of the objective functions. Candidate designs are to be assessed for embodied energy to determine individual relationships. This study shows that it is possible to reduce the embodied energy of steel–concrete composite beams by genetic algorithm optimisation whilst remaining compliant to given design codes.
Sustainable Scheduling of Material Handling Activities in Labor-Intensive Warehouses: A Decision and Control Model
Authors: Carli Raffaele , Dotoli Mariagrazia , Digiesi Salvatore , Facchini Francesco , Mossa Giorgio
Published: April 2020

In recent years, the continuous increase of greenhouse gas emissions has led many companies to investigate the activities that have the greatest impact on the environment. Recent studies estimate that around 10% of worldwide CO2 emissions derive from logistical supply chains. The considerable amount of energy required for heating, cooling, and lighting as well as material handling equipment (MHE) in warehouses represents about 20% of the overall logistical costs. The reduction of warehouses’ energy consumption would thus lead to a significant benefit from an environmental point of view. In this context, sustainable strategies allowing the minimization of the cost of energy consumption due to MHE represent a new challenge in warehouse management. Consistent with this purpose, a two-step optimization model based on integer programming is developed in this paper to automatically identify an optimal schedule of the material handling activities of electric mobile MHEs (MMHEs) (i.e., forklifts) in labor-intensive warehouses from profit and sustainability perspectives. The resulting scheduling aims at minimizing the total cost, which is the sum of the penalty cost related to the makespan of the material handling activities and the total electricity cost of charging batteries. The approach ensures that jobs are executed in accordance with priority queuing and that the completion time of battery recharging is minimized. Realistic numerical experiments are conducted to evaluate the effects of integrating the scheduling of electric loads into the scheduling of material handling operations. The obtained results show the effectiveness of the model in identifying the optimal battery-charging schedule for a fleet of electric MMHEs from economic and environmental perspectives simultaneously.
Fuzzy Efficient Energy Smart Home Management System for Renewable Energy Resources
Authors: Zhang Ronggang , V E Sathishkumar , Jackson Samuel R. Dinesh
Published: April 2020

This article provides a fuzzy expert system for efficient energy smart home management systems (FES-EESHM), demand management, renewable energy management, energy storage, and microgrids. The suggested fuzzy expert framework is utilized to simplify designing smart microgrids with storage systems, renewable sources, and controllable loads on resources. Further, the fuzzy expert framework enhances energy and storage to utilize renewable energy and maximize the microgrid’s financial gain. Moreover, the fuzzy expert system utilizes insolation, electricity price, wind speed, and load energy controllably and unregulated as input variables to enable energy management. It uses input variables including insolation, electrical quality, wind, and the power of uncontrollable and controllable loads to allow energy management. Furthermore, these input data can be calculated, imported, or predicted directly via grid measurement using any prediction process. In this paper, the input variables are fuzzified, a series of rules are specified by the expert system, and the output is de-fuzzified. The findings of the expert program are discussed to explain how to handle microgrid power consumption and production. However, the decisions on energy generated, controllable loads, and own consumption are based on three outputs. The first production is for processing, selling, or consuming the energy produced. The second output is used for controlling the load. The third result shows how to produce for prosumer’s use. The expert method can be checked via the hourly input of variable values. Finally, to confirm the findings, the method suggested is compared to other available approaches.
Analysis of Fatal Accidents and Their Causes in the Korean Construction Industry
Authors: Park InSeok , Kim Jonghyeob , Han Sangwon , Hyun Changtaek
Published: April 2020

The construction industry is one of the most hazardous industries in many countries. Many studies have asserted that industrial accidents could be prevented by eliminating their root causes. However, given that accident occurrence processes are considerably complex and often invisible, it is difficult to identify and eliminate the root causes. Based on this recognition, this paper aims to analyze the causality of construction accidents on the basis of direct causes that are classified into unsafe actions (UA) and unsafe conditions (UC). A logistic regression is applied to examine associations between UAs and UCs and their significances in triggering construction accidents. Then, a Delphi method is applied to determine the relationships between direct and root causes of construction accidents. This study contributes to an improved understanding of the complex causal process of construction accidents, which is a necessary stepping-stone to prevent construction accidents. Meanwhile, only one-to-one combinations of UCs and UAs are considered in this paper. Thus, follow-up studies to examine the impact of one-to-many or many-to-many combinations are needed.
Sustainable Knowledge Investment Increases Employment and GDP in the Spanish Agricultural Sector More Than Other Investments
Authors: Cosculluela-Martínez Carolina
Published: April 2020

Investment in every type of asset increases GDP and net employment differently. This paper compares the effect produced by a permanent unitary shock in Sustainable Knowledge for the Primary Sector (SKPS) on the Spanish employment and GDP growth with the effect produced by the other fourteen capital stock types. The methodology used is a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), where the complementary capital can affect SKPS instantaneously. The results suggest that SKPS produces the second-highest, short and long-term effects on both labor and production, per Euro invested; moreover, the investment of 4.3 thousand euros is retrieved in the first year and increases net employment in one person after four years. Accordingly, the 5 million Euro Budget to invest in sustainable machinery and processing techniques increases net employment by 827 employees.
Application of Fuzzy and Rough Sets to Environmental Zonation for Concrete Durability: A Case Study of Shaanxi Province, China
Authors: Luo Daming , Wang Yan , Zhang Shaohui , Niu Ditao
Published: April 2020

The durability of concrete structures is influenced by various factors, and the durability damage mechanism is different when the structure is in different environmental conditions. This will have implications for improving the durability of concrete structures and extending its service life if the special environmental condition is taken into account in the durability design. Aimed at the environmental zonation for concrete durability, this paper investigated the durability factors influencing concrete structures in Shaanxi Province, China, including atmospheric temperature, precipitation, corrosive gas, and acid rain. The variations of the above-mentioned factors were analyzed and the indexes of environmental zonation were proposed. According to the zoning principle, the weights of zoning indexes calculated using fuzzy rough sets were used to divide Shaanxi Province into three first-level zones, namely the Freeze-Thaw Cycle Zone, the Neutralization–Freeze-Thaw Interaction Zone, and the Neutralization Zone. These three zones were then subdivided into nine second-level zones. The main mechanism of concrete deterioration and the environmental characteristics of all zones were then analyzed. The method proposed in this paper puts forward clear zoning indexes and quantifies them, which can improve the quality and accuracy of the zoning results. Moreover, the research achievements are helpful for engineers to reduce the impact of the environment on structure and the maintenance cost during the structural service life to a certain extent.
Alphaherpesvirus gB Homologs Are Targeted to Extracellular Vesicles, but They Differentially Affect MHC Class II Molecules
Authors: Grabowska Kinga , Wąchalska Magda , Graul Małgorzata , Rychłowski Michał , Bieńkowska-Szewczyk Krystyna , Lipińska Andrea D.
Published: April 2020

Herpesvirus envelope glycoprotein B (gB) is one of the best-documented extracellular vesicle (EVs)-incorporated viral proteins. Regarding the sequence and structure conservation between gB homologs, we asked whether bovine herpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1) and pseudorabies virus (PRV)-encoded gB share the property of herpes simplex-1 (HSV-1) gB to be trafficked to EVs and affect major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II. Our data highlight some conserved and differential features of the three gBs. We demonstrate that mature, fully processed BoHV-1 and PRV gBs localize to EVs isolated from constructed stable cell lines and EVs-enriched fractions from virus-infected cells. gB also shares the ability to co-localize with CD63 and MHC II in late endosomes. However, we report here a differential effect of the HSV-1, BoHV-1, and PRV glycoprotein on the surface MHC II levels, and MHC II loading to EVs in stable cell lines, which may result from their adverse ability to bind HLA-DR, with PRV gB being the most divergent. BoHV-1 and HSV-1 gB could retard HLA-DR exports to the plasma membrane. Our results confirm that the differential effect of gB on MHC II may require various mechanisms, either dependent on its complex formation or on inducing general alterations to the vesicular transport. EVs from virus-infected cells also contained other viral glycoproteins, like gD or gE, and they were enriched in MHC II. As shown for BoHV-1 gB- or BoHV-1-infected cell-derived vesicles, those EVs could bind anti-virus antibodies in ELISA, which supports the immunoregulatory potential of alphaherpesvirus gB.
Virus-Like Particle-Mediated Vaccination against Interleukin-13 May Harbour General Anti-Allergic Potential beyond Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: Foerster John , Molęda Aleksandra
Published: April 2020

Virus-like particle (VLP)-based anti-infective prophylactic vaccination has been established in clinical use. Although validated in proof-of-concept clinical trials in humans, no VLP-based therapeutic vaccination against self-proteins to modulate chronic disease has yet been licensed. The present review summarises recent scientific advances, identifying interleukin-13 as an excellent candidate to validate the concept of anti-cytokine vaccination. Based on numerous clinical studies, long-term elimination of IL-13 is not expected to trigger target-related serious adverse effects and is likely to be safer than combined targeting of IL-4/IL-13. Furthermore, recently published results from large-scale trials confirm that elimination of IL-13 is highly effective in atopic dermatitis, an exceedingly common condition, as well as eosinophilic esophagitis. The distinctly different mode of action of a polyclonal vaccine response is discussed in detail, suggesting that anti-IL-13 vaccination has the potential of outperforming monoclonal antibody-based approaches. Finally, recent data have identified a subset of follicular T helper cells dependent on IL-13 which selectively trigger massive IgE accumulation in response to anaphylactoid allergens. Thus, prophylactic IL-13 vaccination may have broad application in a number of allergic conditions.
Immunization with Human Cytomegalovirus Core Fusion Machinery and Accessory Envelope Proteins Elicit Strong Synergistic Neutralizing Activities
Authors: Cui Xinle , Cao Zhouhong , Wang Shuishu , Adler Stuart P. , McVoy Michael A. , Snapper Clifford M.
Published: April 2020

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) core fusion machinery proteins gB and gH/gL, and accessory proteins UL128/UL130/UL131A, are the key envelope proteins that mediate HCMV entry into and infection of host cells. To determine whether these HCMV envelope proteins could elicit neutralizing activities synergistically, we immunized rabbits with individual or various combinations of these proteins adsorbed to aluminum hydroxide mixed with CpG-ODN. We then analyzed serum neutralizing activities with multiple HCMV laboratory strains and clinical isolates. HCMV trimeric gB and gH/gL elicited high and moderate titers of HCMV neutralizing activity, respectively. HCMV gB in combination with gH/gL elicited up to 17-fold higher HCMV neutralizing activities compared to the sum of neutralizing activity elicited by the individual proteins analyzed with both fibroblasts and epithelial cells. HCMV gB+gH/gL+UL128/UL130/UL131A in combination increased the neutralizing activity up to 32-fold compared to the sum of neutralizing activities elicited by the individual proteins analyzed with epithelial cells. Adding UL128/UL130/UL131A to gB and gH/gL combination did not increase further the HCMV neutralizing activity analyzed with fibroblasts. These data suggest that the combination of HCMV core fusion machinery envelope proteins gB+gH/gL or the combination of gB and pentameric complex could be ideal vaccine candidates that would induce optimal immune responses against HCMV infection.
Introducción
Authors: Losiggio Daniela , Abadi Florencia
Published: April 2020

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Aby Warburg: el terror y la cura
Authors: Abadi Florencia
Published: April 2020

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Asclepio. Un texto sapiencial. Introducción, texto bilingüe y notas, de Claudia D'Amico
Authors: Torres Ressa Nicolás Raúl
Published: April 2020

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PETA PUZZLE 3D BERBASIS MOBILE AUGMENTED REALITY SEBAGAI PROTOTIPE MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN GEOGRAFI
Authors: Lahay Rakhmat Jaya , Mohamad Nurdin
Published: April 2020

Presentation of maps in paper form is still often done. The advancement of mobile devices and the support of augmented reality technology are alternatives in making map media presentations more interesting and interactive. This research aims to develop media prototypes in the form of educational games based on mobile augmented reality. Media development is carried out using a prototype approach. The developed media is able to display 3D map objects properly based on the results of black box testing and beta testing. Black box testing shows that the media functions as needed. Beta testing states that this application can be accepted with the percentage of survey results is 89.7%.
GERMINACIÓN Y EMERGENCIA DE Bursera linanoe (La Llave) Rzedowski, Calderón & Medina
Authors: Guzmán-Pozos Areli M. , Ramírez-Herrera Carlos , Aldrete Arnulfo , Cruz-Cruz Efraín
Published: April 2020

Bursera linanoe (La Llave) Rzedowski, Calderón & Medina es una especie que tiene valor económico y social. La germinación de las semillas es un problema para la propagación de esta especie. Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron determinar el efecto de escarificación, temperatura y periodo de almacenamiento sobre la germinación de semillas de B. linanoe y estimar la variación en características de emergencia entre árboles de esta especie. Las semillas se recolectaron de 20 árboles en el ejido Huautla, Tlaquiltenango, Morelos, México y se almacenaron a 15 ºC. Un ensayo se estableció inmediatamente después de la recolección de semillas. El segundo ensayo se realizó usando semillas que se almacenaron a -10, 4 y 25 ºC por cuatro y ocho meses. Dos tratamientos de escarificación se aplicaron a las semillas en ambos ensayos. La capacidad germinativa, valor pico y días para alcanzar el valor pico se registraron. Adicionalmente, un ensayo se estableció para evaluar emergencia de plántulas. En el primer ensayo las capacidades germinativas fueron 2 y 18.5 % para las semillas no escarificadas y escarificadas, respectivamente. El valor pico fue 0.09 y se alcanzó en 19 días para semillas no escarificadas, mientras que éste fue 0.46 y se alcanzó en 40 días para semillas escarificadas. En el segundo ensayo, la capacidad germinativa mayor (10.14 %) se encontró en las semillas que se escarificaron y almacenaron a 4 ºC por 4 meses, mientras que el valor menor (0.48 %) se registró en las semillas que se escarificaron y almacenaron a 25 ºC por ocho meses. Existe variación alta en la capacidad de emergencia de las plántulas entre árboles de B. linanoe. La germinación de semillas y la emergencia de plántulas fue baja y lenta.
CARACTERÍSTICAS NUTRICIONALES Y NUTRACÉUTICAS DE HORTALIZAS DE USO ANCESTRAL EN MÉXICO
Authors: Román-Cortés Nallely R. , García-Mateos Ma. del Rosario , Castillo-González Ana Ma. , Sahagún-Castellanos Jaime , Jiménez-Arellanes Ma. Adelina
Published: April 2020

En México, el consumo de verdolagas (Portulaca oleracea), quelites (Chenopodium spp.), quintoniles (Amaranthus spp.), huauzontles (Chenopodium spp.) y romeritos (Suaeda spp.) se mantiene desde épocas precolombinas. Actualmente, estas hortalizas forman parte de las costumbres y tradiciones culinarias y de la gran biodiversidad que se cultiva en el país; sin embargo, se desconoce su calidad nutricional y nutracéutica. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el contenido de minerales, composición proximal y nutracéuticos para contribuir a la revalorización alimentaria de estas hortalizas. Los análisis de minerales y proximal se realizaron mediante métodos convencionales y las concentraciones de nutracéuticos por análisis espectrofotométricos. El análisis de varianza y la prueba de medias (Tukey, 0.05) mostraron que las verdolagas tuvieron las concentraciones mayores de N, P, Fe, Mg, Mn, Cu y Zn; los quintoniles presentaron los contenidos mayores de Ca en comparación con los de las hortalizas restantes. Los contenidos de carbohidratos en orden decreciente fueron en huauzontles > quelites > quintoniles > verdolagas > romeritos, y en fibra cruda fueron en huauzontles > quelites > verdolagas > quintoniles > romeritos. Los Quintoniles y verdolagas presentaron los niveles mayores de proteína (26.2 y 25.9 % respectivamente en base a peso fresco), los huauzontles y los quelites tuvieron el mayor contenido de compuestos fenólicos (432.9 y 420.2 mg equivalentes de ácido gálico 100 g-1 de peso freso, respectivamente), de flavonoides (135.3 y 117.0 mg equivalentes de quercetina 100 g-1 de peso fresco, respectivamente) y actividad antioxidante (83.3 y 88.8 % de inhibición de radicales libres, respectivamente). La actividad antioxidante en huauzontles se asoció con los contenidos de compuestos fenólicos y flavonoides.
ACUMULACIÓN DE MATERIA SECA DURANTE LAS ETAPAS DE DESARROLLO DE VARIEDADES DE FRIJOL
Authors: Lépiz-Ildefonso Rogelio , Chavarín-Espinoza Iris E. , López-Alcocer José de J. , Rodríguez-Guzmán Eduardo
Published: April 2020

El conocimiento sobre inicio y duración de las etapas de desarrollo y producción de materia seca por estadio en variedades de frijol (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) es primordial para un buen manejo y producción del cultivo. El presente estudio se realizó para determinar la ocurrencia y duración de las etapas de desarrollo y la acumulación de materia seca en las variedades de frijol común de hábito de crecimiento determinado Bayomex, Canario Chiapas, Peruano 16 y Peruano Mostaza. El trabajo de campo se condujo en Zapopan, Jalisco, México bajo condiciones de secano bajo un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones. Se registraron los días al inicio de cada etapa y la materia seca acumulada en cada etapa, así como el rendimiento de grano. Se determinó la duración en días de cada etapa y se elaboraron curvas de acumulación de materia seca; se obtuvo la tasa media de crecimiento diario por etapa fenológica. Las variedades mostraron diferencias en las etapas de desarrollo de la fase reproductiva y en la duración del ciclo biológico. Bayomex y Canario Chiapas llegaron a madurez a los 82 y 85 d, y Peruano 16 y Peruano Mostaza a los 92 y 94 d, respectivamente. Se detectaron diferencias entre variedades en producción de materia seca total. La acumulación de materia seca fue lenta en las etapas iniciales, más alta en estados intermedios y se redujo hacia la madurez fisiológica. Se observó incremento de materia seca en las estructuras vegetativas hasta la formación de vainas y descenso en madurez fisiológica; las estructuras reproductivas mostraron acumulación pronunciada de materia seca entre formación de vainas y madurez. La tasa media de crecimiento diario fue mayor en las etapas intermedias. Los cultivares Peruano 16 y Peruano Mostaza mostraron ciclo biológico más largo, mayor producción de materia seca y rendimiento de grano.
GENOTIPO Y AMBIENTE DE PRODUCCIÓN AFECTAN LA COMPOSICIÓN FENÓLICA, ÁCIDOS CARBOXÍLICOS Y ACIDEZ TITULABLE DE CÁLICES DE Hibiscus sabdariffa L.
Authors: Sánchez-Feria César , Salinas-Moreno Yolanda , González-Hernández Víctor A. , Ybarra-Moncada Ma. del Carmen , Cruz-Huerta Nicacio , Soto-Hernández R. Marcos
Published: April 2020

Factores como las condiciones ambientales (A), genotipo (G) y la interacción entre éstos (G × A) determinan en algunos cultivos la calidad de frutos y flores. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar los efectos de G, A y G × A en la composición fenólica y variables de calidad de los genotipos de Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Negra Quiviquinta (cálices oscuros) y UAN 8 (cálices claros). Cada genotipo se cultivó en tres localidades de los estados de Colima, Nayarit y Oaxaca. Las variables de calidad determinadas fueron los contenidos de compuestos fenólicos solubles totales (CFST), antocianinas totales (AT) y porcentaje de acidez titulable (PAT). El análisis de antocianinas y la cuantificación de ácidos carboxílicos de cadena corta se realizaron por cromatografía líquida de alta resolución (HPLC). Los efectos de G, A y la interacción G × A fueron altamente significativos (P ≤ 0.01). Los contenidos de CFST y AT dependieron del genotipo (67 y 68 %, respectivamente), en tanto que el PAT fue muy influenciado por el ambiente (77 %). Entre localidades, la variedad Negra Quiviquinta tuvo un contenido promedio de CFST superior en 25 % al de UAN-8 (3355 ± 235 vs 2685 ± 256 mg EAG 100 g-1 MS). En AT, el contenido promedio entre localidades para la variedad Negra Quiviquinta fue 2.2 veces mayor en relación con la variedad UAN-8 (718 ± 184 vs 323 ± 73 mg EC3G 100 g-1 MS). El PAT promedio entre localidades fue semejante en ambos genotipos (20.0 y 21.8 %). Los ácidos orgánicos identificados fueron oxálico, tartárico, málico, cítrico y succínico; el ácido succínico fue el más abundante en ambos cultivares (509.0 ± 231 y 412.2 ± 118 mg 100 g-1 para Negra Quiviquinta y UAN 8, respectivamente). El ambiente de producción no modificó el perfil de las antocianinas, ni de los ácidos carboxílicos, únicamente sus porcentajes relativos.
VALORACIÓN AGROMORFOLÓGICA DE GERMOPLASMA DE MAÍZ AMARILLO EN VALLES ALTOS DE MÉXICO
Authors: Hernández-Vázquez Benjamín , Mendoza-Castillo Ma. del Carmen , Castillo-González Fernando , Pecina-Martínez J. Agapito , Delgado-Alvarado Adriana , Lobato-Ortiz Ricardo , García-Zavala J. Jesús
Published: April 2020

El potencial genético de los maíces nativos (Zea mays L.) y su adaptación a las condiciones agroclimáticas de cada región en particular puede ser utilizado en los programas de mejoramiento genético a fin de atender las demandas de grano a nivel local, regional y nacional, y así contribuir a minimizar la importación de maíz amarillo. El objetivo de este estudio fue valorar poblaciones de maíz amarillo de diferente origen geográfico de México, evaluar su comportamiento agromorfológico e identificar grupos o poblaciones adaptadas, con expresión favorable para ambientes de los Valles Altos de México. Se evaluaron 101 poblaciones de maíz de grano amarillo en 2014 y 2015 en Montecillo y Tecámac, Estado de México, y se registraron características morfológicas y agronómicas. Con el análisis de componentes principales y de conglomerados se definieron ocho grupos, los cuales mostraron diferencias significativas en las variables entre años, localidades, grupos e interacciones, que evidencian la diversidad y variabilidad del comportamiento del germoplasma evaluado. Los resultados permitieron observar la gama de opciones para aprovechar las características genéticas de las poblaciones, tales como la precocidad, porte de la planta, tamaño de mazorca y rendimiento de grano. Se pudo constatar que los materiales nativos presentan características agronómicas y de adaptación al ambiente que se pueden aprovechar en los programas de mejoramiento genético para áreas con condiciones óptimas o restrictivas.
PRODUCCIÓN FORRAJERA DE MIJO PERLA Y MAÍZ EN EL ALTIPLANO POTOSINO DE MÉXICO
Authors: Velázquez-Martínez Mauricio , Mendoza-Guzmán Samuel , Hernández-Guzmán Filogonio J. , Landa-Salgado Patricia , Nieto-Aquino Rafael , Mata-Espinosa Miguel A.
Published: April 2020

En México existen amplias áreas de escasa precipitación donde las lluvias son erráticas y mal distribuidas. Se evaluó bajo temporal el rendimiento de forraje verde y materia seca de cinco materiales de mijo perla (Pennisetum glaucum L.) y dos de maíz (Zea mays L.) en Altiplano Potosino de México. El estudio se realizó de julio a octubre de 2013 en los municipios de San Luis Potosí, Charcas y Matehuala. Los materiales de mijo perla fueron las variedades MF13, MDP13, MG13 y las líneas experimentales IP-6104 y HHVBC-tall. En Charcas se sembró la variedad de maíz Cafime y en Matehuala el criollo local. Se evalúo la producción de forraje verde y de materia seca (t ha-1) 90 días después de la siembra (dds) y rebrote a 45 dds en mijo perla. El diseño experimental utilizado fue completamente al azar con tres repeticiones. Los datos se analizaron con análisis de varianza y la comparación de medias se realizó con la prueba de Tukey (α = 0.05). Se observaron diferencias (P ≤ 0.0001) tanto en Charcas como en Matehuala en la producción de forraje total (primer corte y rebrote de mijo perla). En Charcas la producción fue similar entre MF13, MDP13, IP-6104 y MG13 (P > 0.05), y diferente (P ≤ 0.0001) a maíz Cafime y HHVBC-tall con 12.7, 12.3, 10.8, 10.0, 4.8 y 4.1 t ha-1, respectivamente. En Matehuala la producción de materia verde de MDP13, MF13 y maíz fueron diferentes (P ≤ 0.0001) a IP-6104 y HHVBC-tall, con 31.3, 29.9, 24.7, 14.9 y 14.7 t ha-1, respectivamente. La composición morfológica en todos los materiales vegetales tuvo la proporción decreciente tallos > hojas > inflorescencias > material muerto. El mijo perla produjo 16.6 % del forraje total en el rebrote. El mijo perla es una alternativa forrajera para climas de escasa precipitación, ya que produce forraje en dos cortes.
A Brief Explanation of Science Education
Authors: Setiawan Adib Rifqi , Si'ayah Syarofis
Published: April 2020

This work is to explains science education that is focused exclusively on ‘why’ and ‘how’ aspect.