bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Danian Normapolles from the conglomeratic formation near Panagyurishte and Strelcha (Sredna Gora Mountains, Bulgaria)
Authors: Pavlishina Polina
Published: January 2023

The paper presents description and illustrations of 10 Normapolles species obtained from the conglomeratic formation near Panagyurishte and Strelcha and new for the Bulgarian palynoflora. They belong mainly to the genera Nudopollis, Oculopollis, Semioculopollis and Interporopollenites. The taxa are considered to be stratigraphically important. Their concurrent ranges and correlation to the already known assemblages of the same age in the Normapolles province suggests a latest Maastrichtian to early Paleocene (most probably Danian) age for the conglomeratic formation.
The pre-Callovian stratigraphic gap in the Central Balkanids: a key for the interpretation of other Early-Middle Jurassic gaps in Bulgaria
Authors: Belivanova Veneta , Sapunov Ivo
Published: January 2023

The pre-Callovian stratigraphic gap in the Central Balkanids is distributed in the Etropole, Teteven, Troyan, Kazanluk, Gabrovo and Turgovishte Districts. To the west (village of Gintsi, Sofia District) and to the east (the section of well R-3 Yunak, District of Yarn a) of the gap uninterrupted Bathonian-Callovian rock successions exist. In its western and eastern parts the pre-Callovian stratigraphic gap is a diastem. In these localities the gap embraces minimum duration. In the western diastem the duration of the gap is from the Late Bathonian to the Early Callovian. In the eastern diastem the duration of the gap is probably in the framework of the Late Bathonian. In many localities where the gap is diastem the boundary between the basement and the cover is marked by hardgrounds. In its central part (Troyan, Kazanluk and Gabrovo Districts) the pre-Callovian stratigraphic gap is with much longer duration. This is caused by the intensive submarine washout of the earlier deposited Middle and Lower Jurassic sediments. In limited localities the Callovian from the cover lies directly even above Upper Triassic rocks. Almost everywhere the cover of the gap is represented by condensed Middle-Upper Callovian micritic limestones. They are rich of ammonites. The main microfacies type is mudstone/wackestone with filaments from thin-shelled bivalves. It is correlated with the Standard Microfacies Type 3 (SMF 3) - "pelagic mudstone and wackestone". It is formed in the lower part of the deep sublittoral, which is in consent with the ba thymetric interpretations based on the characteristics of the respective faunal spectra. The Callovian limestones in conditions of uninterrupted sedimentation show similar microfacies characteristics. In the localities where the pre-Callovian gap is a diastem, the conclusions for the microfacies characteristics and for the faunal spectra of the Bathonian sandy bioclastic limestones are similar. The microfacies type is bioclastic-lithoclastic packstonelrudstone, which can be attributed to some extent to the SMF 4 - "bioclastic-lithoclastic packstone". It may be supposed that the features of this texture direct to a more shallow parts of the deep sublittoral. Almost the same characteristics have the Bathonian limestones and marls in conditions of uninterrupted sedimentation. In general, the pre-Callovian gap is realized in submarine conditions, which are connected with the deep sublittoral. There are four stages in the transition between normal sedimentation and submarine gap: normal sedimentation (in which biostratigraphic superposition is traceable) → slow sedimentation (condensations) → submarine stratigraphic gaps (as a result of non-deposition - diastems) → submarine stratigraphic gaps (as a result of submarine washout).
Features of some Early-Middle Jurassic diastems in Bulgaria
Authors: Belivanova Veneta , Sapunov Ivo
Published: January 2023

Almost all studied here diastems are situated in the Western Balkanids, and only one is in the Central Forebalkan. They are differentiated in two groups. The first group encloses diastems with cover represented by the deep water micritic limestones of the Yavorets Formation in which exist more or less shallow-water elements. Some of them are exotic in the low-energy textures (the localities near the town of Belogradchik and by the Ledenika Cave, Vratsa District). The faunal spectra indicate conditions of the deep subtidal - depths about 100-200m. The second group unify diastems created by marine transgressions which were not accompanied by sedimentation. The latter began with delay in the course of deepening of the basin (the localities Desivichki Dol and the village of Mitrovtsi, Montana District, as well as the village of Glozhene, Teteven District and probably the village of Zgorigrad, Vratsa District). In connection to the different regimes in sedimentation, as a result of marine transgressions and the deepening of the sea-basin, we introduce here some new terms for the different types of sediments. We name syntransgressive sediments those that have accompanied the marine transgressions. They are covered by the posttransgressive sediments, deposited with the deepening of the basin. When the marine transgression is not accompanied by sedimentation and the first sediments have been deposited with the deepening of the basin, these sediments are called initial posttransgressive sediments. The localities or areas with initial postransgressive sedimentation possessed a positive relief and resulted in formation of diastems. Their basements always are older than the Jurassic and usually are covered by hardgrounds. The significance of such type of diastems is bigger than has been regarded in the past.
Biostratigraphy of the Paleocene of the coastal part of East Stara Planina based on small benthic Foraminifera
Authors: Valchev Boris
Published: January 2023

An attempt to elucidate the biostratigraphical importance of Paleocene benthic foraminifera of the coastal part of East Stara Planina is presented. Three zones and two subzones were defined. The zones are: Clavulunoides trilaterus Local Taxon Range Zone (Late Early Paleocene – Late Paleocene), Bathysiphon sp. – Oridorsalis megastomos Local Assemblage Zone (Early Paleocene) and Bathysiphon sp. – Saccammina placenta Local Assemblage Zone (Middle – Late Paleocene). The last zone was divided into two subzones: Bathysiphon microrhaphidus Abundance Subzone (Middle Paleocene) and Saccammina placenta Abundance Subzone (Late Paleocene). The zones were successfully correlated to the conventional planktic foraminiferal and calcareous nannoplankton ones, defined in the same area. The taxonomical composition and the structure of the zonal assemblages indicates different paleoecological parameters in the northern and the southern part of the studied area and shows the strong dependence of benthic foraminifera on paleoenvironment.
Thermodynamic basis for distinguishing the acid-sulphate and adularia-sericite alteration types of rock in epithermal deposits and genetic analogy with the metasomatites of the formation classification
Authors: Kanazirski Milko
Published: January 2023

The study of mineral equilibria in the K2O-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O-SO3 system permits to propose thermodynamic basis for distinguishing the acid-sulphate and adularia-sericite alteration types of volcanic rokcs and frequently associated subvolcanic intrusive rocks in the epithermal deposits. The fields of the acid-sulphate and adularia-sericite types of alteration are divided by the fields of the advanced argillic alteration without sulphatebearing minerals and the sericitiztion in the prognostic paragenetic diagram of the mineral equilibria in the system studied. This study presents theoritical arguments for the existence of the two end paragenetic incompatible types of wall rock alteration in epithermal deposits. The advanced argillc alteration of the rocks is subdivided of the acid-sulphate and acid-chlorine types of alteration. The mineralogical synonyms of the acide-sulphate type are kaolinite-alunite and alunite alteration types and of the acid-chlorine type are kaolinite, pyrophyllite and dickite-pyrophyllite types wallrock alteration. The study of the system is basis for genetic interpretations of the advanced argillic, sericitic, greisen, K-silicate and adularia-sericite alteration.
The swarm seismic activity (august 2001) near Yambol city – Central East Bulgaria
Authors: Dimitrova Sonya
Published: January 2023

The paper describes the investigations of the local seismic swarm occurred near Yambol and surroundings during August 2001. The main event occurred on 13 August (origin time 14:26: 12.05 GMT, magnitude more than 4.5, coordinates 42.57 N, 26.48 E, approximate depth – about 15 km, maximum observed intensity – VI MSK). It was preceded and followed by several felt earthquakes and many (more than 100) not felt, registered only by the local seismic station 1MB earthquakes. The development of the seismic process is discussed. The recent seismic activity decrease very fast in time – no more than two weeks, which is unusual behavior of such seismic process. The comparative study about the relationships between this recent swarm and the swarm occurred during 1909 shows some similarities and some differences discussed in the paper. For the first time the full catalogue of this swarm is published. It consists of two parts. Table 3 – the earthquakes registered on more than 3 seismic stations (which allows the exact parameters determination) and very weak seismic events, registered only by the local station 1MB. For these events only the exact time and the magnitude is possible to be determined (Table 4).
The Breast Cancer Steroid/HER-2 Receptor Profile Immunohistochemistry in Imo State: A Private Center Experience
Authors: Bernard Kafor , Kingsley Anochiwa , Ikechukwu Nweke
Published: January 2023

Background: Breast cancer, the most frequent cancer in women, has been reported to be quite widespread in Africa, with aggressive forms of the disease being the most common. Nigeria's infrastructure is inadequate for the estimation. Indigenous African women have a low rate of hormone receptor positivity, and triple negative breast cancer is the most common phenotype. The expression of hormone receptors and human epidermal growth factors 2 is critical for determining the prognosis, management approaches, and decision-making in breast cancer. In Imo state, there is a scarcity of information on hormone receptors (ER and PR) and HER 2 expression. The goal of this study is to look into the molecular subgroups of breast cancer based on surrogate immunohistochemical markers.
Methods: Clinicopathologic information on female breast cancer patients was obtained from our computer database. From 2017 to 2019, the immunohistochemical biomarker results on oestrogen, progesterone, and HER2 were evaluated in a group of female patients diagnosed with breast cancer at Rose Medical Services.
Results: There were 131 cases involved in this study. The mean age of the patients was 47.07±0.05 of all breast cancers. The oestrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, and HER2 positive rate were 65.6%, 46.6%, and 13.7% of breast cancers respectively. The proportion of luminal A subtype, Luminal B subtype, HER2 over expression and TNBC were 64.1%, 13%, 3.1%, and 19.8% respectively.
Conclusion: Despite the small sample size of our investigation, we were able to conclude that hormone receptor positive subtypes may prevail in Imo state breast cancer patients, followed by TNBC, and then HER2 positive subtypes. Our findings demonstrate the enormous range of breast cancer receptor markers and subtypes found across the United States and beyond. A larger prospective breast cancer investigation is recommended to confirm the current findings.

Key words: Hormone receptors, Oestrogen, Progesterone, Human epidermal growth factor 2, Triple negative breast cancer
Effectiveness of a Psychosocial Intervention on Perceived Stress and Depression among Children of Alcoholic Parents
Authors: Anil Basu Rathod , C Shriharsha , S. Natekar Deelip
Published: January 2023

Background: Every child has a basic need and it is the responsibility of the parents to give them what they need. Everyone wants to be a good parent, but not everyone has mastered the art of good parenting. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess the effectiveness of a Psychosocial Intervention on Perceived Stress and Depression among Children of Alcoholic Parents studying at selected high schools of Bagalkot.
Methodology: this was a randomized controlled trial with pre-test post-test control group design. A simple random sample of 4 high schools of Bagalkot out of 10 schools was selected. Then two schools were selected as experimental schools and two were selected as control schools by using lottery method. Children of alcoholics were identified by using the CAST (Children of Alcoholics Screening Test), socio demographic information of Children of Alcoholic was gathered using structured socio-demographic profile and Perceived Stress & Depression were assessed using Cohen’s Perceived stress scale & Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale for Children (CES-DC) respectively. Data were analyzed in terms of objectives of the study.
Findings: Result indicates that most of the children of alcoholic of both experiment group (60%) and control group (63.33%) were moderately stressed and most of the children of alcoholic of both experimental group (56.67%) and control group (63.33%) were significantly depressed. A statistically significant difference was found between post test perceived stress score of experimental group and control group subjects [t=8.958,p<0.05]. Similarly, there was a statistically significant difference found between post test depression scores of experimental group & control group subjects [t=6,p<0.05]. No significant association was found between pre test perceived stress scores with their selected socio-demographic variables of children of alcoholic of both experimental & control group. There was a significant association between pre test depression with only family monthly income (χ2=7.847,p<0.05).
Conclusion: the findings of the study concluded that the children of alcoholics had perceived stress & depression. The implementation of Psychosocial Intervention to experimental group has decreased their perceived stress & depression effectively as compared to control group.

Keywords: Children of Alcoholic parents, Perceived Stress, Depression, Effectiveness, Psychosocial Intervention and Socio-demographic variables.
LAMPU LED SEBAGAI PILIHAN YANG LEBIH EFISIEN UNTUK LAMPU UTAMA SEPEDA MOTOR
Authors: Simatupang Joni Welman , Santoso Fajar Heru , Santoso Fajar Heru , Bramasto Ria , Bramasto Ria , Afristanto Sasfitra Decky , Afristanto Sasfitra Decky , Baheli Harun Maya , Baheli Harun Maya
Published: January 2023

Pada awalnya, LED hanya untuk peralatan elektronik. Namun, seiring berjalannya waktu LED menjadi pilihan utama lampu otomotif masa depan karena bentuknya yang kecil, konsumsi dayanya yang rendah dan radiasi panas yang rendah. Terkait regulasi pemerintah yang mewajibkan penggunaan lampu siang hari untuk kendaraan roda dua, maka teknologi pencahayaan lampu LED sangat tepat mengingat beban lampu yang tinggi perlu konsumsi daya yang rendah. Terbukti sekarang pabrikan maupun suku cadang non-pabrikan mulai menggeliat dalam memproduksi lampu LED untuk otomotif karena prospek yang tinggi.Teknologi ini telah diterapkan pada kendaraan bermotor maupun mobil keluaran terbaru. Regulasi yang memungkinkan pada siang hari menggunakan lampu (DRL/Daily Running Light) sebagai syarat keamanan diawali dari Eropa dan Amerika untuk kendaraan roda empat dan sekarang di Indonesia wajib menyalakan lampu pada siang hari untuk kendaraan roda dua. Kondisi seperti ini sangat prospektif bagi pelaku industri otomotif untuk menggunakan teknologi terbaru lampu LED dan meninggalkan penggunaan lampu Halogen maupun HID (High Intensity Discharge) yang kurang efisien karena konsumsi daya dan radiasi panas yang tinggi serta masa atau ketahanan lampu yang rendah dan tidak ramah lingkungan.Metode yang digunakan dalam jurnal ilmiah ini adalah pengujian intensitas cahaya dengan menggunakan contoh pembanding antara motor pabrikan yang menggunakan lampu LED dan non LED, serta survei dan pengambilan data  ke bengkel sepeda motor.Keuntungan dari pemakaian LED sebagai lampu utama adalah konsumsi daya yang rendah tetapi intensitas yang tinggi dibandingkan dengan halogen yang mengeluarkan daya yang tinggi tetapi kuat intensitas cahaya rendah, jika dibandingkan HID meski intensitas cahaya hampir sama tetapi panas lampu yang ditimbulkan cukup tinggi. LED juga memperpanjang usia pakai komponen elektrik aki (accumulator), alternator, serta konsumsi bahan bakar yang lebih irit. Harga pasaran lampu LED untuk komponen pengganti lampu halogen masih tinggi, tetapi sebanding dengan kualitas pencahayaan dan pengaruh positif terhadap komponen lainnya.
ANALISA SISTEM SINKRONISASI ( SUPPLY PLN DAN GENERATOR SINKRON TIGA FASE) DALAM BENTUK ALAT TRAINER LABORATORIUM
Authors: GUNAWAN SETIA , PRAMUWIGNYO EKO
Published: January 2023

Semakin berkembangnya teknologi di era sekarang khususnya dunia ketenagalistrikan, semakin besar juga kebutuhan akan tenaga listrik. Setiap manusia selalu mempergunakan tenaga listrik dalam kehidupan sehari-hari seperti dalam penggunaan perangkat-perangkat elektronik, mesin-mesin industri dan masih banyak lagi. Untuk mengatasinya perlu adanya inovasi-inovasi dalam bidang tenaga listrik. Yang bisa menopang penggunaan beban yang besar. Salah satu langkah mengatasi hal tersebut adalah dengan menggabungkan beberapa sumber tenaga listrik dengan alat sinkronisasi. Alat sinkronisasi merupakan alat yang dapat mendeteksi tegangan, frekuensi, sudut fasa dan urutan fasa. Dalam pembuatan alat penelitian ini, memerlukan kontaktor dengan coil 110 volt sebagai kontak tegangan, relay frekuensi untuk membaca nilai frekuensi dan sistem lampu terang redup sebagai urutan fasanya. Untuk penelitian ini, dilakukan metodologi penelitian dengan pengujian alat sinkronisasi di laboratorium dan dengan simulasi menggunakan software proteus 8 serta perhitungan data dari rumus yang ada. Hasil alat sinkronisasi dan analisa alat tersebut dapat bekerja dengan baik pada nilai tegangan 55 volt dari generator sinkron, dan tegangan 55 volt dari jaringan PLN. Generator sinkron ini diberi penguatan sebesar 31,3 Va.s dari power supply sanfix dengan arus yang mengalir sebesar 0,25 A. Penguatan arus pada generator sinkron sangatlah diperlukan dalam pembangkitan listrik dari generator. Pada nominal tegangan sinkronisasi sebesar 55 V hanya dapat menanggung beban diatas 1 H. Pada beban resistif nilai tegangan tidak berkurang karena memiliki faktor daya yang baik yaitu bernilai 1. Sedangkan pada beban induktif nilai tegangan dapat berkurang diakibatkan faktor daya yang >1.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM ALARM KEBAKARAN TERINTEGRASI BERBASIS ARDUINO
Authors: HUTAPEA HERWIN , SETIAWAN YANO ROY
Published: January 2023

Dalam memenuhi kebutuhan keamanan untuk mendeteksi dini kebakaran diperlukan sebuah sistem keamanan yang dapat dimonitoring dan terintegrasi untuk memberikan informasi secara tepat dan cepat agar kebakaran yang terjadi tidak berkembang menjadi lebih besar. Dengan terdeteksinya cikal bakal kebakaran maka intervensi untuk mematikan api dapat segera dilakukan, sehingga dapat meminimalisasi kerugian sejak awal. Rancang bangun sistem alarm kebakaran terintegrasi berbasis arduino ini menggunakan arduino sebagai pengontrol utama dan kemudian menggunakan komponen penunjang seperti sensor asap dan sensor panas yang dipasang dibeberapa tempat yang berfungsi sebagai deteksi kebakaran, exhaust fan yang akan menyala pada saat sensor asap aktif untuk membuang asap dari dalam ruangan, buzzer yang berfungsi sebagai alarm peringatan pada saat sensor aktif, LCD Display yang berfungsi sebagai monitoring pada saat kondisi normal dan pada saat sensor aktif akan menampilkan alamat dimana letak sumber kebakaran terjadi. Tujuannya untuk mepermudah dan bertindak lebih cepat kelokasi terjadinya deteksi kebakaran sehingga proses pemadaman dan evakuasi dapat dilakukan langsung pada titik yang mengalami kebakaran
IMPLEMENTASI SENSOR KEMIRINGAN SUDUT UNTUK ALAT BANTU (GRAB) GANTRY LUFFING CRANE (GLC)
Authors: Kaladewa Yudhistira , Santoso Kukuh Aris
Published: January 2023

Pada tahun 2017 PT. Port Of Tanjung Priok membeli alat bantu (grab) untuk kegiatan bongkar curah seperti gula, soda, gandum dan sulfur. Bahan tersebut berbentuk serbuk yang di mana sebagian besar merupakan bahan makanan. Grab tersebut menggunakan sistem hidraulik dengan tanki tidak bertekanan. Permasalahan yang dihadapi ketika grab bahan curah di lumbung kapal dalam posisi miring. Jika kemiringan melebihi 15º sesuai dengan batas yang ada pada manual book maka kemungkinan besar oli akan keluar melalui breather pada tutup tanki. Dengan ditambah sensor kemiringan pada grab dapat meminimalisir terjadinya tumpahan oli. Modul sensor kemiringan ini menggunakan sensor MPU6050 yang di dalamnya sudah terintegrasi dua sensor yaitu Accelerometer dan Gyroscope. Dengan menggunakan Arduino Uno sebagai pusat sistem yang sangat mudah untuk di program karena menggunakan bahasa pemrograman C++ yang mudah dipahami pemula. Data dari sensor MPU6050 akan di olah oleh Arduino Uno dan dikirim dengan Modul Radio Frequency yaitu transmitter STX882 dan receiver SRX882 dan diolah Arduino Uno pada kabin operator untuk memperingati jika melebihi batas kemiringan yang ditentukan. Peringatan berupa bunyi buzzer dan tampilan karakter pada LCD 2x16. Dari peringatan tersebut operator langsung sigap untuk memposisikan grab ke posisi seimbang sehingga meminimalisir tumpahan oli. Grab dengan penambahan sensor kemiringan menghasilkan nilai rata-rata efisiensi 11,03% lebih unggul dalam jumlah material curah yang di bongkar dari kapal ke mobil truk. Kegiatan operasi dapat berjalan lancar karena pengurangan waktu mengisi ulang oli hidraulik dan menjaga terkontaminasi bahan curah
ANALISIS KONSUMSI ENERGI UNTUK EFISIENSI KELISTRIKAN PADA PENGGUNAAN SISTEM TATA CAHAYA APRON FLOOD LIGHT BANDAR UDARA
Authors: Yasa I Wayan Sugara
Published: January 2023

Bandar Udara Internasional I Gusti Ngurah Rai - Bali adalah salah satu Bandara yang dikelola oleh perusahaan BUMN pengelola jasa kebandar udaraan PT. Angkasa Pura I (Persero). Salah satu fasilitas dalam mendukung keselamatan penerbangan adalah fasilitas Airfield Lighting System (ALS). Fasilitas AFL yang dimiliki Bandar Udara Internasional I Gusti Ngurah Rai – Bali diantaranya adalah Apron Flood Light baik Apron Flood Light Utara dan Apron Flood Light  Selatan yang digunakan sebagai penerangan alat bantu pilot saat parkir pesawat pada saat malam hari dan cuaca buruk, selain itu juga sebagai penerangan aktifitas ground handling di area apron.. Dalam aturan  pencahayaan Apron Flood Light harus memenuhi 20 lux pada sisi terjauh pesawat (ekor pesawat). Kondisi saat ini, Apron Flood Light Selatan menggunakan lampu jenis Metal Halida yang mana lampu jenis tersebut merupakan lampu boros energi dan pencahayaan tidak sesuai standar. Dengan mengganti dengan jenis lampu LED, diharapkan konsumsi energi listrik lebih hemat dan pencahayaan yang dihasilkan sesuai standar.Dari pembahasan tugas akhir ini, pemakaian energi listrik Apron Flood Light dengan menggunakan lampu terpasang (Metal Halida) sebesar 14.400 KWh/ Bulan sedangkan pemakaian energi listrik dengan menggunakan lampu jenis LED (peluang penghematan energi listrik) sebesar 5.994 KWh/ Bulan, maka adanya peluang penghematan pemakaian energi listrik sebesar 8.406 KWh/ Bulan atau sebesar 58,375 %.
RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM KENDALI AKUAPONIK AUTOMATIS BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLLER DENGAN SUMBER ENERGI LISTRIK TENAGA SURYA
Authors: Akbar Muhammad Ho , Hutapea Herwin
Published: January 2023

Akuaponik merupakan suatu metode cocok tanam sekaligus budidaya ikan secara bersamaan, air yang berada dikolam ikan akan naik ke atas untuk memberikan supply air ke tanaman begitu juga sebaliknya. Metode ini sangat berguna di perkotaan yang mana lahan pertanian maupun lahan terbuka sudah jarang kita jumpai, sehingga perlu dibuat sistem kendali akuaponik automatis berbasis Mikrokontroller dengan sumber energi listrik tenaga surya sistem ini dikendalikan oleh satu arduino yaitu arduino mega 2560 yang di harapkan sistem ini dapat dijadikan solusi alternatif untuk mengatasi permasalahan sirkulasi air akuarium dan juga air tanaman, pengamatan ketinggian air dan keadaan pH air dan juga pakan ikan secara otomatis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sensor ketinggian air akan membaca kondisi ketinggian kolam jika kondisi air kolam kurang dari 2,00 Cm maka pompa akan menyala untuk mengisi air kolam agar normal Kembali, motor servo berhasil bergerak memutar sebesar 180° (pakan jatuh dengan bantuan gaya gravitasi) selama 15 detik setiap hari pada jam jam yang telah ditentukan.
RANCANG BANGUN PROTOTYPE SISTEM PENGENDALI DAN MONITORING GENSET BERBASIS INTERNET OF THINGS (IoT)
Authors: Tjahjadi Gunawan , Alam Syah , Yenita Nur Rahma , Muttaqien Encep Zaenal
Published: January 2023

Makalah ini mengusulkan rancang bangun prototipe sistem yang dapat mengontrol dan memonitoring tegangan, arus dan daya keluaran dari generator set (genset) di lokasi pelanggan berbais Internet of Things (IoT) secara real time dan dapat diakses menggunakan smartphone. Relay 5V digunakan sebagai pengganti saklar manual, untuk mengontrol relay tersebut digunakan mikrokontroler Nodemcu ESP8266 dan aplikasi smartphone blynk sebagai pengontrol dan monitor yang berbasis IoT (Internet of Things). Modul ini menggunakan alat ukur digital yang berasal dari pembacaan sensor PZEM004T yang digunakan untuk melakukan pengukuran arus, tegangan dan daya generator agar menjadi lebih efisien dan efektif. Dari hasil pengujian didapatkan bahwa modul yang diusulkan dapat digunakan memonitor tegangan, arus dan daya keluaran dari genset dengan jarak maksimal 20 meter dan rata-rata delay 1.2 detik. Tingkat kesalahan dari modul yang diusulkan adalah masing-masing 0.05%, 0.35% dan 1.01 % untuk pembacaan tegangan, arus dan daya dibandingkan dengan hasil pembacaaan yang ditunjukkan pada perangkat genset di lapangan. Penelitian ini dapat direkomendasikan untuk diaplikasikan sebagai monitoring arus dan daya pada genset secara real time untuk keperluan maintenance di bidang electrical engineering.
PENERAPAN GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM PADA SISTEM SOUL TRACKING MOBILE JUNCTION BERBASIS INTERNET OF THINGS
Authors: Ramadhani Andhika
Published: January 2023

Soul Tracking Mobile Junction (STMJ) merupakan alat yang berfungsi untuk mengetahui koordinat dan suhu tubuh pendaki yang dapat dipantau melalui Aplikasi Android. Karena banyaknya minat pendaki gunung yang ada di Indonesia, juga meningkatkan resiko kecelakaan yang dapat  terjadi dalam pendakian. Untuk mengurangi resiko tersebut maka perlunya suatu sistem alat yang dapat membantu petugas setempat dalam pemantauan lokasi dan kondisi pendaki. Dengan GPS yang tertanam dalam STMJ maka dipastikan dapat melacak keberadaan pendaki sehingga mengurangi risiko kecelakaan pendaki. GPS mendapatkan sinyal lokasi dari satelit yang akan di terima oleh STMJ. Dari hasil pengujian di dapati kesalahan mutlak (absolute error) dari modul GPS yang digunkan STMJ Sender adalah 4,1 m dalam pengujian keakuratan lokasi. Durasi rata – rata dari pengujian dengan berpindah tempat dalam kondisi perangkat tidak aktif / mati adalah 1293 detik. Durasi rata – rata dari pengujian dengan berpindah tempat dalam kondisi perangkat aktif / hidup adalah 74 detik. Durasi rata – rata dari pengujian pada tempat yang sama adalah 86 detik.
ANALISA PENYEBAB TERBAKARNYA MOTOR INDUKSI TIGA PHASA DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SIMULASI MATLAB
Authors: Alpha Kusuma Ridho , Setiawan Riskie
Published: January 2023

Di zaman modern sekarang ini tenaga listrik memegang peranan yang sangat penting didalam kehidupan sehari hari baik dalam bidang industri maupun pabrik. Peralatan industri umumnya menggunakan motor induksi sebagai penggeraknya. Didalam implementasinya motor induksi digunakan untuk keperluan sistem dalam otomatisasi, maka dari itu diperlukan adanya pemantauan secara berkala dan secara otomatis. Tiga phasa salah satu faktor yang memiliki potensi menjadikan adanya kerusakan atau kegagalan motor induksi, tiga phasa merupakan kelebihan beban yang membuat arus listrik yang mengalir melebihi dari batas amannya. Selain itu ketika motor beroperasi kemungkinan bisa terjadi vibrasi yang berlebihan. untuk mencegah kedua hal tersebut terjadi, tindakan monitoring secara berkala dan otomatis diperlukan sehingga motor induksi terhindar dari parahnya kerusakan bahkan di beberapa kasus sampai terbakar. Apabila kerusakan tidak bisa dihindari maka diperlukan perbaikan terhadap motor induksi tersebut. Dengan adanya hal tersebut, maka penulis tertarik untuk melaksanakan studi kasus selama melakukan penelitian di PT Rachmat Perdana Adhimetal dengan bermaksud untuk bisa lebih mendalami tentang motor induksi tiga phasa, khususnya untuk mengetahui penyebab terbakarnya motor induksi. Dalam penelitian ini penulis berusaha untuk mencari beberapa penyebab terbakarnya motor induksi tiga phasa akan tetapi membatasi penelitian penyebab terbakarnya dikarenakan adanya perubahan beban. Penelitian ini disertai dengan simulasi melalui matlab dengan melihat efek dari perubahan beban terhadap arus stator, rotor, rpm, elektromagnetic dan rotor speednya.
RANCANG BANGUN ALAT BANTU TONGKAT TUNANETRA BERBASIS ESP32
Authors: Mufit Choirul , Hambali Imam
Published: January 2023

Seorang Penyandang tunanetra ialah bagian dari masyarakat pada umumnya yang memiliki kewajiban dan hak yang sama sebagai warga negara, dan memiliki derajat yang sama sebagai manusia ciptaan yang Maha Kuasa, Berdasarkan tingkat gangguannya Tunanetra Di katagorikan menjadi dua yaitu buta total (total Blind) dan yang masih mempunyai sisa penglihatan (Low Vision). Tidak semua orang diciptakan dengan keadaan mata yang normal, ada beberapa yang mengalami gangguan melihat sejak lahir. Orang mengalami gangguan untuk melihat bisa disebut penyandang tunanetra. Penyandang tunanetra mempunyai kekurangan untuk melihat, tetapi mereka masih bisa melakukan kegiatan, walau tak jarang harus dibantu dengan alat untuk mempermudah dan memperingan aktivitasnya. Maka Dari itu Sangat di butuhkan alat bantu jalan tunanetra berupa tongkat, Tongkat merupakan alat bantu tunanetra yang simple kegunaan tongkat sangat riskan sekali yaitu agar tunanetra dapat berjalan sendiri dan mandiri, alat bantu yang biasanya dipergunakan tunanetra pada umumunya adalah tongkat.Pada penulisan laporan ini penulis mengggunakan metode penulisan sebagai berikut : untuk memperoleh teori-teori dasar serta teori penunjang, penulis melakukan pencarian dari berbagai sumber baik dari buku-buku, literatur maupun makalah yan didapat dari perpustakaan dan internet.dijelaskan bagaimana hasil pengujian keseluruhan sisitem dari tongkat cerdas tunanetra , ketika pengguna berjalan maju maka tongkat akan mendeteksi halangan di depannya dengan kisaran jarak 0-50 cm , kemudian bila terdepat gundukan , batu, polisi tidur dan sebagainya maka tongkat akan mendeteksi pada kisaran jarak 0-40 cm, selain itu tongkat juga dapat mendeteksi adanya genangan air dengan jarak 40 sampai dengan batas maksimum sensor , tongkat ini juga dapat mendeteksi sebuah halangan yang terdapat di samping kanan dan samping kiri tongkat dengan kisaran jarak masing masing 0-35 cm.Pemakaian sensor ultrasonik yang terlalu banyak dapat memperlambat esfesiensi sensor dalam merespon jarak, Penelitian ini telah menghasilkan tongkat tunanetra dengan menggunakan teknologi sensor untuk membantu kewaspadaan dan mobilitas tunanetra yang mampu mendeteksi objek pada jarak yang telah ditentukan dengan output berupa suara, Pengoperasian Terdapat tombol yang digunakan untuk menghidupkan dan mematikan sistem. Semua masukan dan keluaran sensor Akan diproses menggunakan ESP 32, Dari hasil pengujian keseluruhan sistem, dapat disimpulkan bahwa tongkat dapat berjalan secara optimal sesuai dengan diagram Blok yang telah disusun oleh penulis.
Ethical Hacking: White Hat Hackers
Authors: Kumawat Vikram , Pal Priyanshi , Jha Pradeep
Published: January 2023

Nowadays the demand for Computers and Smart phones has increased so much that people cannot complete their work except these two things. Whether we do our own business or work in a company or bank, computers are used everywhere. To run a company or to run a business, it is necessary to use a computer because with its help we do a lot of work and calculations in a few minutes. Similarly, to how minor and large obstacles must be overcome in order to complete any assignment, many problems must be overcome when dealing with computers. For decades, hacking has been a huge part of the computing world. It is a large field that encompasses a wide range of issues. If we first determine when this hacking occurred, we will learn that it was first utilized in 1960 by MIT, and that at the same time, the term "hacker" was coined and later became well-known.
Contribution to the analysis of coexistence between 5G operating at 10.5 GHz and DTH satellite system operating in Ku band
Authors: Batista Faro Pinto Felipe , Camilo Alexandre Luciano , Cerqueira Sodré Junior Arismar
Published: January 2023

This work presents an analysis of the coexistence between an FSS (ES) (Fixed Satellite Service - Earth Station) DTH (Direct-to-home) system and a signal operating at 10 GHz band, a possible band to be identified for the fifth generation of mobile systems (5G) in International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Region 2. The main contribution of the research was to analyze whether the TV signal received by FSS (ES) can be affected by the adjacent channel operation of 5G base stations operating at 10.5 GHz. Therefore, for this assessment, a CW (Continuous wave) carrier at 10.5 GHz was used and radiated by a log-periodic antenna. The FSS (ES) antenna was pointed towards Star One C2 satellite, located at 70 W orbital position, to be able to obtain TV channels. Moreover, to measure the power level of the signal received by the LNBF, a horn antenna was coupled above the LNBF, and, using the spectrum analyzer, we analyzed the interference level. As a result, a power threshold of -64 dBm, was obtained for the 5G interferer signal that blocks the TV channels received the Ku-band FSS system with the LNBF model used. Furthermore, the LNBF starts operating in a saturated region, so non-linear effects such as distortion and intermodulation start to appear. Therefore, from the experiment carried out, the results considering the proposed scenario and the LNBF model show that a 5G signal operating in an adjacent band to the DTH satellite system can cause interference depending on the 5G power level that reaches the LNBF. As future work, it is intended to evaluate other LNBF models and also a possible protection distance between the systems.
Design of Components for Liquefaction of Nitrogen Using DWSIM
Authors: KS Ruthu , L Bhagyalakshmi , Diddi Sreelakshmi
Published: January 2023

The field of Cryogenics deals with low temperature refrigeration applications such as liquefaction of gases. The various cryogenic cycles such as the Linde cycle, Claude cycle, Kapitza cycle help in liquefaction of various gases such as nitrogen, helium etc. Of all the three cryogenic cycles, Linde cycle was chosen as it is the simplest cycle. Liquid nitrogen has wide applications in various industries like food processing and transportation, medicine, medical therapy, manufacturing of computers etc. Operating variables such as flow rates, temperature, pressure, energy in a thermal system operating in a steady state can be calculated by a process simulation. Since design of plants is a cost and time-consuming process in reality, chemical engineers use simulators to simulate design and operation of a chemical plant and its equipment which saves money and time. Today, many simulators are in use. DWSIM was our choice for the project as it was open software, easy to work on and gave accurate results.
Impact of Soil and Water Conservation on Household Income in East Shoa Zone of Oromia
Authors: Bati Beriso , Esmael Yasin
Published: January 2023

This study was conducted to assess the impact of Soil and Water Conservation (SWC) intervention on the livelihood of smallholder farm households in terms household income and productivity. To meet this objective primary data was gathered in 2010 from 120 sample respondents (50 SWC program participants and 70 non-participants). Descriptive and inferential statistics (Logistic regression) and propensity score matching (PSM) models were used to address the stated objectives. The analysis of mean difference in outcome variables before matching result indicated that the mean total crop yield for SWC practiced respondent households is 29.10 and 27.80 quintal/ha having 1.30 quintal difference in the study. In the meantime total annual crop income of households who participated in SWC program was 33,903 and 33,808.40 birr. Except sex of the household, Market information, amount of land cultivated, Education and farm experience influenced the probability of HH participation in SWC positively and significantly at 10% expect land cultivated at 5% level. Nominal results of analysis of treatment effects indicate that there was a sign of positive impact on both of the variables considered due to SWC program. However, the changes in crop productivity and gross household income could not be statistically justified as there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of these variables. The possible reason could be that SWC programs are not short-term nature and impacts are to be realized gradually with increased adoption and intensification of activities.
Investigating the Impact of Financial Development Channel on Domestic Investment in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Ulrich EKOUALA MAKALA , Esperance NYINAWUMUNTU , Bouzid Khalil Nait
Published: January 2023

Our study aims to investigate whether the Keynesian or Neoclassical view of the financial sector's impact on domestic investment is pertinent in the context of East, Central, and Southern Africa. Using panel data from nineteen African countries (1980-2020), the study employs the fixed effects with robust standard errors and without AR (1) disturbances’ assumption. Further, the paper estimates the fixed effects with country-specific effects and AR (1) disturbances’ assumption and adjusted for autocorrelation, finally, the study employs the random effects with instrumental variables to deal with the presence of endogeneity in the data. Our empirical results highlight a negative relationship between the financial factors and domestic investment in our study. The country fixed effect revealed globally a negative correlation with domestic investment. The empirical findings seem to support the neoclassical view; however, the pertinence of such a result is not effective in the context of Africa where the capital market is incomplete, and the rationing of credit and government inferences exist in the capital market, as it is contrary to the neoclassical assumptions of conventional models.
KAJIAN ETNOMUSIKOLOGI NYANYIAN DESA YO DAY NENGO SEBAGAI PENGIRING TARIAN LEGO-LEGO PADA MASYARAKAT DESA KAMAIFUI, KECAMATAN MATARU, SUKU ABUI, KABUPATEN ALOR
Authors: Huka Relin Yosi , Letma Imanuel , Nafi Novi Marliyani
Published: January 2023

This study aims to describe and analyze the singing accompaniment to the Lego-lego dance entitled Yo Day Nengo Village, in the people of Kamaifui village, Mataru sub-district, Alor district, the authors obtained the results, namely. The method used is a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach, especially ethnomusic. The results showed (a) Lego-lego is a traditional dance belonging to the Kamaifui people; (b) the traditions that are still maintained by the people of Kamaiifui village to this day are the cakalele dance, war dance, gong and moko as traditional musical instruments and women's belis tools, and the Lego-lego dance. (c) The function of Yo Day Nengo Village singing is as a means of communication, a function of aesthetic appreciation, a function related to social norms, a function of entertainment, a function as a symbolic representation. (c) Yo Day Nengo Village Song is an accompaniment song that is general in nature and easy to be sung by all levels of society. (d) The text of the Yo Day Nengo Village song contains syllabic and melismatic. (e) The scale of the singing of Yo Day Nengo Village consists of five notes.
Plague Fiction: Reading About Epidemics During Covid-19
Authors: Roswall Amanda
Published: January 2023

How do we use literature during the time- and space-altering experience of a pandemic? That is the central question posed by the research project Lockdown Reading. During 2020 and 2021, Lockdown Reading collected information about pandemic reading habits through surveys and interviews, resulting in a collection of 860 survey responses and 68 qualitative interviews. Building on Lockdown Reading’s data collection, this paper presents one reading trend of 2020/2021: the interest in reading fiction about epidemics in general and Albert Camus’ 1947 novel, The Plague, in particular. Unsurprisingly, The Plague is not the only piece of plague fiction that appears in Lockdown Reading’s data. Novels such as José Saramago’s Blindness (1995), Emma Donoghue’s The Pull of the Stars (2020), Ling Ma’s Severance (2018), Liam Brown’s Skin (2019), and Emily St. John Mandel’s Station Eleven (2015) are also frequently seen. But The Plague has appeared with a particular regularity in surveys, interviews, and in the press, exemplifying the idea that plague fiction is the ideal case-reading “for the moment”. In this paper, I will explore some possible reasons for the novel’s newfound popularity and present a reading of The Plague that takes readers’ responses into account.
Examining Pandemic Futurity
Authors: Booth Rob
Published: January 2023

‘The future’ is difficult to define. As with ‘time’ more generally, it has twin social and ontological connotations. This essay considers what Adam and Groves (2007) call “the present future” and “the future present”. The former being “process-based perspectives on futurity” like anticipatory knowledge practices and the latter being “the future as both an effecting process and/or as living” (Adam and Groves, 2007: 176). Covid-19 reinforces the necessity for the futures we envisage and enact in the twenty-first century to diverge from anthropocentrism towards an ethics of care whilst simultaneously acknowledging structural impediments to environmental, economic, and epidemiological justice. This article reaches these considerations in two ways. The first examines how the pandemic has transformed lived relationships with the future. The second links these relationships with the future to broader political temporalities including future-oriented governance. It is worth noting further here that these reflections are oriented predominantly towards the experience of the pandemic in the United Kingdom, given the extent to which they derive from my own experience. I believe, however, that they give rise to ideas and themes relevant in diverse historico-geographical contexts.
A new hearth? Defining social units during the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Fendel Victoria
Published: January 2023

Slogans like ‘stay safe, stay apart’ stare at us at train stations, shopping malls, community centres and the like. The link between safety and separation has become a theme over the course of the Covid-19 pandemic. The social units to be separated are the household and the bubble, the former an established social unit, the latter a pandemic creation. During the pandemic, strict rules govern (i) household mixing, including variously the rule of 1 other person, the rule of 6 and the rule of one other household, (ii) shielding, which is a prohibition on mixing, and (iii) bubbles, including childcare, care and support bubbles. These rules were perceived in various ways by the population subjected to them, with one prominent theme being the restriction of personal freedom (Duffy 2020). Three research questions emerge from this situation: (i) (How) does the household as a social unit fit into modern-day society?(ii) What is the process of defining successfully a basic social unit?(iii) (How) can one persuade people to trade their liberty for safety?
Determination of Risk Factors Associated with the Development of Cervical Cancer in Mirpur, AJK
Authors: Ali Ijaz , Anjum Muhammad Usman , Afridi Raheel
Published: January 2023

Background: Cervical cancer is an important public health issue. Numerous factors are associated with the development of cervical cancer. Aim: To understand various contributory and risk factors associated with the development of cervical cancer in our area. Study design: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Duration and place of study: Mohi-ud-Din Islamic Medical College, Mirpur AJK from October 2021 to March 2022. Methods: Volunteering women were included in the study. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect data. The proforma included demographic and epidemiological information as well as about the various risk factors which were associated with the development of cervical carcinoma. A detailed medical history was taken and special emphasis was placed on the gynecological history including obstetrical and menstrual history as well as sexual and reproductive history together with contraception usage. Results: There were 753 study participants and their mean age was 56.80±10.51years. The mean age of first sexual intercourse was 17±2.80 years and the average number of pregnancies was two. About 14.61% of our study population was smoker. Hormonal contraception was practiced by 64.01% while 11.29% preferred intra-uterine contraceptive device as a mode of contraception. The prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases was 10.49% and out of these diseases, condylomatosis accounted for 05.84% of cases while syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus were responsible for 04.78% of cases collectively. Conclusion: There are various risk factors associated with the development of cervical cancer. Most important of them are younger age at marriage or sexual activity, use and duration of contraception usage and smoking. There is a need to arrange awareness campaigns among masses to raise awareness about the risk factors and also about the benefits of early screening so as to prevent the development of cervical cancer. Keywords: Human Papilloma Virus, Risk Factors, Cervical Cancer, Women, Contraception, Screening