bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nutrient, pigment, suspended matter and turbidity measurements in the Belgian part of the North Sea
Authors: Mortelmans Jonas , Deneudt Klaas , Cattrijsse André , Beauchard Olivier , Daveloose Ilse , Vyverman Wim , Vanaverbeke Jan , Timmermans Klaas , Peene Jan , Roose Patrick , Knockaert Mark , Chou Lei , Sanders Richard , Stinchcombe Marc , Kimpe Philippe , Lammens Saskia , Theetaert Hannelore , Gkritzalis Thanos , Hernandez Francisco , Mees Jan
Published: April 2019

Through regular sampling surveys, the Flanders Marine Institute is generating long term data series for the Belgian coastal water and sand bank systems, a designated site in the Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) network. The data series is built on sampling activities initiated in 2002, but gradually upgraded and extended in the framework of the LifeWatch marine observatory and the Integrated Carbon Observation System (ICOS) participation. Nine nearshore stations are sampled monthly, with additional seasonal sampling of eight offshore stations. This paper presents the generated data series for nutrients, pigments, suspended matter and turbidity. The collection, methodology and processing of the 2002–2018 dataset is described, along with its data curation, integration and quality control. Yearly versions of the data are published online in a standardized format, accompanied with extensive metadata description and labelled with digital identifiers for traceability. Data is published under a CC-BY license, allowing use of the data under the condition of providing reference to the original source.
Broadband MIR harvester using silicon nanostructures
Authors: Magdi Sara , El-Diwany Farah , A. Swillam Mohamed
Published: April 2019

In this work, we propose an all-silicon-based super absorber in the mid infrared (MIR) spectral range. The presented structures are composed of n-doped silicon nanoparticles or nanowires embedded in intrinsic silicon. An intense absorption peak is observed and could be tuned across the MIR range. While nanoparticles give a single broad absorption peak, the nanowires structure shows a broadband absorption of more than 70% from λ = 5 to 13 µm reaching up to 99% at 7 µm. The absorption peak could be extended to more than 20 µm by increasing the length of the nanowire. Increasing the diameter of the nanoparticles gives higher absorption, reaching just above 90% efficiency at λ = 11 µm for a diameter of 1500 nm. Changing the geometrical parameters of each structure is thoroughly studied and analyzed to obtain highest absorption in MIR. The proposed structures are CMOS compatible, have small footprints and could be integrated for on-chip applications.
Boreal marine fauna from the Barents Sea disperse to Arctic Northeast Greenland
Authors: Andrews Adam J. , Christiansen Jørgen S. , Bhat Shripathi , Lynghammar Arve , Westgaard Jon-Ivar , Pampoulie Christophe , Præbel Kim
Published: April 2019

As a result of ocean warming, the species composition of the Arctic seas has begun to shift in a boreal direction. One ecosystem prone to fauna shifts is the Northeast Greenland shelf. The dispersal route taken by boreal fauna to this area is, however, not known. This knowledge is essential to predict to what extent boreal biota will colonise Arctic habitats. Using population genetics, we show that Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), beaked redfish (Sebastes mentella), and deep-sea shrimp (Pandalus borealis) recently found on the Northeast Greenland shelf originate from the Barents Sea, and suggest that pelagic offspring were dispersed via advection across the Fram Strait. Our results indicate that boreal invasions of Arctic habitats can be driven by advection, and that the fauna of the Barents Sea can project into adjacent habitats with the potential to colonise putatively isolated Arctic ecosystems such as Northeast Greenland.
Rapid detection of Bacillus ionophore cereulide in food products
Authors: Ducrest P. J. , Pfammatter S. , Stephan D. , Vogel G. , Thibault P. , Schnyder B.
Published: April 2019

Cereulide is a toxic cyclic depsipeptide produced by certain strains of Bacillus cereus found in soil and food products. While some harmless strains of Bacillus are used as probiotic, others can cause nausea and vomiting, and represent an important food safety concern. Current detection methods are time consuming and do not necessarily detect toxic cereulide. Here, we developed a rapid protocol using Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry that detects the toxin originating from a colony smear of B. cereus. The distinct molecular feature of the toxin peak at m/z 1,191 was clearly identified from bacterial extracts with a limit of detection (LOD) of 30 ng/mL. Final optimisation of the sample preparation was based on cereulide chelating cations to produce the alkali adduct [M + K]+ without the use of a MALDI matrix, and provided a 1,000-fold improvement of LOD with 30 pg/mL of cereulide. We evaluated the application of this method for the detection of cereulide in rice, milk, and different ready-to-eat meals. The proposed protocol is quick, easy and provides an improvement over conventional methods for the detection of B. cereus toxin.
Influence of pH Modification on Catalytic Activities of Metal-Doped IrO2 Nanoparticles
Authors: Kim Joo Yeon , Lee Hangil
Published: April 2019

The effects of pH variation on the catalytic activity of IrO2 nanoparticles (NPs) doped with Cr (an early transition metal) or Ni (a late transition metal) depending on the amount of defect structures on the NP surfaces were analyzed. It was found that both Cr@IrO2 and Ni@IrO2 NPs, fabricated under basic conditions (pH = 13.5) denoted as Cr@IrO2-B and Ni@IrO2-B, respectively, were the best catalysts among the eight tested ones. Moreover, it was confirmed that variation in pH resulted in the changes in the surface area (defect structure), which were considered to be responsible for the changes in the catalytic properties of these NPs. For the oxygen evolution reaction, these NPs exhibited relatively smaller overpotential (η) values than other tested Cr@IrO2- and Ni@IrO2-containing NPs. Furthermore, methylene blue degradation analysis and OH radical formation experiments by benzoic acid showed the same trend. Thus, we confirmed that the catalytic activity of transition metals doped IrO2 NPs fabricated under basic conditions can be improved.
Reversible Al3+ ion insertion into tungsten trioxide (WO3) for aqueous aluminum-ion batteries
Authors: Lahan Homen , Das Shyamal K.
Published: April 2019

Al3+ ion insertion/extraction in WO3 in an aqueous electrolyte is demonstrated.
Flexibility control in alkyl ether-functionalized pillared-layered MOFs by a Cu/Zn mixed metal approach
Authors: Schneemann Andreas , Rudolf Robin , Baxter Samuel J. , Vervoorts Pia , Hante Inke , Khaletskaya Kira , Henke Sebastian , Kieslich Gregor , Fischer Roland A.
Published: April 2019

With a Cu2+/Zn2+ mixed metal approach, the CO2 and thermally induced phase transition of flexible pillared-layered MOFs can be tuned.
Synthesis, conformational preferences, and biological activity of conformational analogues of the microtubule-stabilizing agents, (−)-zampanolide and (−)-dactylolide
Authors: Henry Jeffrey L. , Wilson Matthew R. , Mulligan Michael P. , Quinn Taylor R. , Sackett Dan L. , Taylor Richard E.
Published: April 2019

Zampanolide and dactylolide are microtubule-stabilizing polyketides possessing potent cytotoxicity towards a variety of cancer cell lines.
Facile synthesis of Pt-decorated Ir black as a bifunctional oxygen catalyst for oxygen reduction and evolution reactions
Authors: Fang Dahui , Tang Xuejun , Yang Limeng , Xu Dongyan , Zhang Hongjie , Sun Shucheng , Shao Zhigang , Yi Baolian
Published: April 2019

Ir black catalyzes the water reducing Pt2+to fabricate Pt@Ir as a bifunctional oxygen catalyst for both the ORR and OER.
A visualizable means for verifying the manner of charge transfer in WO3-based type-II heterostructures
Authors: Zhang Lulu , Yuan Jie , Jiang Cankun , Huang Xueyan , Zhao Yan , Gao Fan , Fang Zhibin , Liu Ping
Published: April 2019

Research into photocatalytic mechanisms and charge carrier transfer is of vital significance.
Purification and structural elucidation of carbon dots by column chromatography
Authors: Hinterberger Vanessa , Damm Cornelia , Haines Philipp , Guldi Dirk M. , Peukert Wolfgang
Published: April 2019

Purification and separation of CD solution into three fluorescent fractions.
Click-conjugated photon-upconversion nanoparticles in an immunoassay for honeybee pathogen Melissococcus plutonius
Authors: Poláchová Veronika , Pastucha Matěj , Mikušová Zuzana , Mickert Matthias J. , Hlaváček Antonín , Gorris Hans H. , Skládal Petr , Farka Zdeněk
Published: April 2019

A method for the conjugation of photon-upconversion nanoparticles with streptavidin via copper-free click-chemistry was introduced, and the prepared label was applied in an immunoassay for European foulbrood diagnosis.
Surface plasmon resonance enhanced direct Z-scheme TiO2/ZnTe/Au nanocorncob heterojunctions for efficient photocatalytic overall water splitting
Authors: Zhang Wenjun , Hu Yi , Yan Changzeng , Hong Daocheng , Chen Renpeng , Xue Xiaolan , Yang Songyuan , Tian Yuxi , Tie Zuoxiu , Jin Zhong
Published: April 2019

Surface plasmon resonance enhanced direct Z-Scheme TiO2/ZnTe/Au nanocorncobs exhibit efficient photocatalytic overall water splitting.
Selective sensing of Al3+ ions by nitrophenyl induced coordination: imaging in zebrafish brain tissue
Authors: Das Sujoy , Mukherjee Urmi , Pal Soumojit , Maitra Sudipta , Sahoo Prithidipa
Published: April 2019

A selective sensing of Al3+ ions by nitrophenyl induced coordination has been developed and applied for the detection of Al3+ in the brain tissue of zebrafish.
Leak-free million-fold DNA amplification with locked nucleic acid and targeted hybridization in one pot
Authors: Komiya K. , Komori M. , Noda C. , Kobayashi S. , Yoshimura T. , Yamamura M.
Published: April 2019

The leak-free DNA amplification reaction supplies a large quantity of single-stranded DNA for directing molecular nanodevices in response to nucleic acid stimuli.
Perylenequinonoid-catalyzed photoredox activation for the direct arylation of (het)arenes with sunlight
Authors: Zhang Shiwei , Tang Zhaocheng , Bao Wenhao , Li Jia , Guo Baodang , Huang Shuping , Zhang Yan , Rao Yijian
Published: April 2019

Sunlight along with cercosporin, produced by a new endophytic fungus, catalyzes the direct arylation of (het)arenes by a photoredox process.
Ultrahigh volatile iodine capture by conjugated microporous polymer based on N,N,N′,N′-tetraphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine
Authors: Wang Shun , Liu Yuchuan , Ye Yu , Meng Xianyu , Du Jianfeng , Song Xiaowei , Liang Zhiqiang
Published: April 2019

Conjugated microporous polymers based on N,N,N′,N′-tetraphenyl-1,4-phenylenediamine exhibit ultrahigh iodine vapor uptake and good CO2 adsorption.
Synthesis of monodisperse isomeric oligomers based on meta-/para- and linear/star-monomer precursors with Ugi–hydrosilylation orthogonal cycles
Authors: Li Chao , Han Li , Ma Hongwei , Shen Heyu , Yang Lincan , Liu Pibo , Hao Xinyu , Li Yang
Published: April 2019

Monodisperse oligomers were precisely prepared through orthogonal cycles of Ugi-4CRs and hydrosilylation coupling reactions, and the “monodisperse isomeric oligomers” were explored.
A novel route for the generation of Co/CoZn/CoNi layered double hydroxides at ambient temperature
Authors: Chen Liyong , Wang Huifang , Shen Xiaoshuang , Zhang Yingyue , Li Dezhi , Duan Chunying
Published: April 2019

Cobalt-based LDHs with high electrocatalytic OER performance are selectively produced by simply adjusting the amount of reagents in methanol.
SNP rs2596542G>A in MICA is associated with risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Haichuan , Cao Hui , Xu Zhong , Wang Dong , Zeng Yong
Published: April 2019

The association of major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related gene A (MICA) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs2596542G>A and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been broadly studied, with inconsistent results. Therefore, we conducted the current meta-analysis to better elucidate the roles of SNP rs2596542G>A in HCC. Eligible articles were searched in PubMed, CNKI, Wanfang, Embase, VIP, Web of Science, and CBM databases up to November 2018. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were applied. A total of 11 articles, including 4528 HCC patients and 16,625 control subjects, were analyzed. Results revealed that rs2596542G>A was significantly associated with HCC in the heterozygote (G/A versus A/A, P=0.006, OR = 0.854; 95% CI: 0.763–0.956); and dominant (G/G + G/A versus A/A; P=0.021; OR = 0.796; 95% CI: 0.655–0.967) genetic models. Nevertheless, we also detected significant associations between rs2596542G>A and HCV-induced HCC. Additionally, according to our analyses, SNP rs2596542G>A was not correlated with HBV-induced HCC. In conclusion, our findings suggest that MICA SNP rs2596542G>A is associated with HCC susceptibility amongst the Asian, Caucasian, and African ethnicity in certain genetic models. Specifically, MICA SNP rs2396542G>A is associated with risk of HCV-induced HCC, not HBV-induced HCC.
The resistant effect of SIRT1 in oxidative stress-induced senescence of rat nucleus pulposus cell is regulated by Akt-FoxO1 pathway
Authors: He Junsheng , Zhang Ailiang , Song Zhiwen , Guo Shiwu , Chen Yuwei , Liu Zhiyuan , Zhang Jinlong , Xu Xu , Liu Jinbo , Chu Lei
Published: April 2019

Objective: The senescence of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells induced by oxidative stress is one of the important causes of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Herein, we investigated the role and action mechanism of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) in oxidative stress-induced senescence of rat NP cell.

Methods: Premature senescence of rat NP cells was induced by sublethal concentration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (100 μM). SIRT1 was activated with SRT1720 (5 μM) to explore its effect on NP cells senescence. FoxO1 and Akt were inhibited by AS1842856 (0.2 μM) and MK-2206 (5 μM), respectively, to explore the role of Akt-FoxO1-SIRT1 axis in rat NP cells. Pretreatment with the resveratrol (20 μM), a common antioxidant and indirect activator of SIRT1, was done to investigate its role in senescent rat NP cells.

Results: The mRNA and protein levels of SIRT1 were decreased in H2O2-induced senescent rat NP cells, and that specific activation of SIRT1 suppresses senescence. And the Akt-FoxO1 pathway, as the upstream of SIRT1, might be involved in the regulation of H2O2-induced senescence of rat NP cells by affecting the expression of SIRT1. In addition, the resveratrol played an anti-senescence role in rat NP cells, which might affect the Akt-FoxO1-SIRT1 axis.

Conclusion: SIRT1 ameliorated oxidative stress-induced senescence of rat NP cell which was regulated by Akt-FoxO1 pathway, and resveratrol exerted anti-senescence effects by affecting this signaling axis.
Myosin Va and spermine synthase: partners in exosome transport
Authors: Timson David J.
Published: April 2019

A recent paper in Bioscience Reports (BSR20182189) describes the discovery of an interaction between the motor protein myosin Va and the metabolic enzyme spermine synthase. Myosin Va is a molecular motor which plays a key role in vesicle transport. Mutations in the gene which encodes this protein are associated with Griscelli syndrome type 1 and the ‘dilute’ phenotype in animals. Spermine synthase catalyzes the conversion of spermidine to spermine. This largely cytoplasmic enzyme can also be localized to the soluble fraction in exosomes. Mutations in the spermine synthase gene are associated with Snyder Robinson mental retardation syndrome. The interaction between the two proteins was detected using the yeast two hybrid method and verified by microscale thermophoresis of recombinant proteins. Knockdown of the MYO5A gene reduced the expression of mRNA coding for spermine synthase. The amount of this transcript was also reduced in cells derived from a patient with Griscelli syndrome type 1. This suggests that, in addition to a direct physical interaction between the two proteins, myosin Va also modulates the transcription of the spermine synthase gene. The mechanism for this modulation is currently unknown. These findings have implications for Griscelli syndrome type 1 and Snyder Robinson mental retardation syndrome. They also suggest that interactions between myosin Va and soluble exosome proteins such as spermine synthase may be important in the mechanism of exosome transport.
Being in a loop: how long non-coding RNAs organise genome architecture
Authors: Pisignano Giuseppina , Pavlaki Ioanna , Murrell Adele
Published: April 2019

Chromatin architecture has a significant impact on gene expression. Evidence in the last two decades support RNA as an important component of chromatin structure [Genes Dev. (2005) 19, 1635–1655; PLoS ONE (2007) 2, e1182; Nat. Genet. (2002) 30, 329–334]. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are able to control chromatin structure through nucleosome positioning, interaction with chromatin re-modellers and chromosome looping. These functions are carried out in cis at the site of lncRNAs transcription or in trans at distant loci. While the evidence for a role in lncRNAs in regulating gene expression through chromatin interactions is increasing, there is still very little conclusive evidence for a potential role in looping organisation. Here, we review models for the involvement of lncRNAs in genome architecture and the experimental evidence to support them.
Curve description by histograms of tangent directions
Authors: Köksal Ali , Özuysal Mustafa
Published: April 2019

The authors propose a novel approach for the description of objects based on contours in their images using real‐valued feature vectors. The approach is particularly suitable when objects of interest have high contrast and texture‐free images or when the texture variations are high so textural cues are nuisance factors for classification. The proposed descriptor is suitable for nearest neighbour classification still popular in embedded vision applications when the power considerations outweigh the performance requirements. They describe object outlines purely based on the histograms of contour tangent directions mimicking many of the design heuristics of texture‐based descriptors such as scale‐invariant feature transform (SIFT). However, unlike SIFT and its variants, the proposed approach is directly designed to work with contour data and it is robust to variations inside and outside the object outline as well as the sampling of the contour itself. They show that relying on tangent direction estimation as opposed to gradient computation yields a more robust description and higher nearest neighbour classification rates in a variety of classification problems.
Exploring the Potential Utility of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Practical Bridge Inspection in Louisiana
Authors: Darby Paul , Hollerman William , Miller John
Published: April 2019

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), especially those allowing programmed flight paths, with stops and hovering, e.g. the quad and hex rotor drones, have gathered attention in recently for as their potential use in certain envisioned applications that may be difficult, expensive, or dangerous to do manually. One poignant use case important to the State of Louisiana is that of bridge inspection. In the Lafayette District of LADOTD alone, more than 1600 bridges require annual inspection. In this paper, considerations and criteria important UAV-based bridge inspection in Louisiana are researched and analyzed; experiments with actual UAVs are conducted, and findings provide insight into the problem and potential solutions. The conclusion recommends further research items.
Development of Alternative Stabilization Methods for Transportation Infrastructure Based on Geopolymers
Authors: Huang Oscar D. , Samuel Rinu , Banerjee Aritra , Puppala Anand J. , Radovic Miladin
Published: April 2019

Current soil stabilization methods are often limited by durability and leaching issues and do not always offer sustainable treatments. This research explores the use of geopolymers to stabilize clays in the North Texas area. In recent years, geopolymer has received much attention as an eco-friendly and sustainable alternative to conventional chemical additives, since it can be processed at room temperature from aqueous solutions by utilizing waste materials and/or abounded natural sources. Two subgrade soils from North Texas were treated with GP mix at a ratio of 8 wt% dry GP to dry soil. GP is shown to reduce swelling and shrinkage potential of soil considerably while an increase in unconfined compressive strength is observed as well. Therefore, further studies are recommended to understand the mechanism of GP and soil bonding resulting in said changes.
Laboratory Testing of Self-Healing Polymer Modified Asphalt Mixtures Containing Recycled Asphalt Materials (RAP/RAS)
Authors: Shirzad Sharareh , Hassan Marwa M. , Aguirre Max A. , Cooper Samuel , Mohammad Louay N. , Negulescu Ioan I.
Published: April 2019

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of an innovative light-induced self-healing polymers in enhancing the durability of asphalt mixtures and improving its self-healing properties. Mixtures were prepared using two different binders, with and without recycled materials, and self-healing polymer. Results showed that the addition of recycled asphalt material to mixtures prepared with an unmodified binder negatively affected the healing recovery at room temperature. Furthermore, Self-healing properties of the mixtures were improved by increasing the healing temperature. The addition of 5% self-healing polymer to the control mixture, followed by UV light exposure resulted in an increase in self-healing properties of the mixtures prepared with PG 67-22 binder. Semi-Circular Bending (SCB) test results showed that the incorporation of self-healing polymer and 48 h of UV light exposure improved the cracking resistance. Loaded-Wheel Test (LWT) results showed that the self-healing polymer caused an increase in the rut depth of the samples prepared with an unmodified binder. However, the final rut depth was less than the acceptable rutting performance. Thermal-Stress Restrained Specimen Test (TSRST) test results showed that self-healing polymer improved the low temperature cracking performance of the mixtures.
Fracture Behavior Analysis of Semi-Circular Bending Test
Authors: Renteria David , Saadeh Shadi , Mahmoud Enad
Published: April 2019

The objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of air voids on the fracture properties of asphalt mixtures using SCB test in Discrete Element Method (DEM). Superpave and Coarse Matrix High Binder (CMHB) mixtures gradation were used to generate the percentages of aggregate, mastic, and air voids within the specimens. Aggregates and air voids were randomly generated for each asphalt mixture case. Model results illustrate that the crack initiation and propagation is controlled by the location of the aggregate particles and air voids in the mixture. Additionally, the absence of air voids above the tip of the notch increases the stiffness of the sample and increase its resistance to failure. The novelty of using DEM and the random generation technique for generating numerical specimens proved to be a useful approach in investigating the properties of the mastic, aggregate and interface as they relate to fracture of asphalt mixtures.
What are the Alternatives of PG Plus Tests for Modified Asphalt Binders?
Authors: Morshed MM Tariq , Hassan Mohammad Nazmul , Hossain Zahid
Published: April 2019

For characterizing the polymer modified binders, different state Departments of Transportation (DOTs) use different time consuming and empirical Performance Grade (PG) Plus test methods. Furthermore, the PG Plus tests are silent when asphalt binders are modified with chemicals such as polyphosphoric acid (PPA). But, the effects of the polymer are not accurately identified through these conventional tests such as Elastic Recovery (ER) and tenacity. The main goal of this study is to recommend alternative test method(s), which can possibly be pursued by using, a Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR). Thus, Multiple Stress Creep and Recovery (MSCR), ER-DSR, Frequency Sweep, and Binder Yield Energy Test (BYET) are being explored to find their effectiveness. Three PG binders (PG 64-22, PG 70-22 and PG 76-22) have been selected for this investigation. These binders have been prepared with styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) polymer, PPA, or a combination of both. Further, chemical tests such as SARA (Saturate, Aromatic, Resin, and Asphaltene) analysis and FTIR (Fourier-transform Infrared spectroscopy) are also being explored to fulfill the objectives. Preliminary findings suggest that the PG Plus tests deem to be obsolete. Also, a single test procedure is not sufficient to identify the presence and effectiveness of modifiers in the PG binders.
Carbon Sequestration of Soil and Plants along IH-35 in Bexar County, Texas
Authors: Rangel Lauren , Kapoor Vikram , Hutchinson Jeffrey , Dessouky Samer
Published: April 2019

Soil and vegetation were evaluated along IH-35 within Bexar County for carbon content. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the vegetative composition and carbon sequestration potential of vegetation along IH-35. Three 20 m transects were placed at each site and percent vegetative cover was estimated and above ground plant biomass and soil was collected from three 0.25 m2 subplots along each transect. Plant and soil samples were analyzed for carbon content using the loss-on-ignition method. Two non-native grasses, bermudagrass and King Ranch bluestem, were the dominant cover. Bermudagrass was more efficient in absorbing CO2 compared to King Ranch bluestem. The top 10 cm of soil in all samples contained more organic carbon than the lower 10 cm. Collection of field data has been completed and the soil and plant carbon content is being analyzed with the final results presented at the conference.
Preparation and Electrochemical Characterization of Concrete Containing Microencapsulated Calcium Nitrate Corrosion Inhibitor
Authors: Kim Changkyu , Goldsberry Reece , Karayan Ahmad Ivan , Milla Jose , Hassan Marwa , Castaneda Homero
Published: April 2019

We present the preparation and inhibition behavior of rebar in the presence of calcium nitrate (CN)-containing microcapsules with concentrations of 0.50, 2.00, and 5.00 wt.% in concrete. From both open circuit potential (OCP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy spectra, it was found that an addition of microcapsules containing CN corrosion inhibitor into concrete beams successfully repassivated or maintained the passivity of the rebar when the concrete was cracked. This corrosion inhibitor repassivated the rebar by forming a passive layer on the rebar surface under the crack. This repassivation process was evident by an increase of OCP values to more positive values or by stable OCP values at around -100 mV vs SCE. An increase in phase angle after corrosion activation for the sample with 2.00 wt.% microcapsule clearly showed this repassivation process. The optimum concentration for maintaining the passivity on rebar in the cracked concrete was found to be 5.00 wt.%.
Development of a Solar Prototype for Roadway
Authors: Hossain Md Fahim Tanvir , Dessouky Samer
Published: April 2019

This study is a preview of an ongoing project to develop a solar prototype for roadway to harness solar energy with the addition of transparent shield cover. Solar panel on roadway is a new research arena which has the potential to reform the conventional road network systems. Since pavements are often exposed to a great amount of solar energy throughout the day, they can be used to develop a technique which can accumulate and store this solar energy and later convert it into electricity. The development of the prototype involved selecting several polycarbonate materials as transparent shield covers containing different strength types and light transparency properties. In addition, it involved Finite Element Analysis of the prototypes under static load, Transmittance Spectra test for the transparent covers and generation of power using the prototypes. Initial results show a great potential of implementing this technique as a major pavement energy harvesting technology.
Susac-Syndrom: ein diagnostisches Chamäleon
Authors: Stefanou M. I. , Doycheva D. , Ebrahimi A. , Dörr J.-M. , Ziemann U.
Published: April 2019

Susac’s syndrome (SuS) is a rare, probably autoimmune endotheliopathy of the
central nervous system, retina and inner ear. It is characterized by a clinical
triad of encephalopathy, branch retinal artery occlusions (BRAOs) and
sensorineural hearing loss. To date, more than 300 cases of SuS have been
reported in the literature. However, SuS remains an under- and misdiagnosed
entity in the clinical setting. This report presents an exemplary case of a
patient, who was initially misdiagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple
sclerosis. At initial presentation, the patient did not demonstrate the complete
clinical triad, and the interval between symptom onset and diagnosis was 4
months. Typical diagnostic features, which enabled the diagnosis of SuS were: a)
MRI findings with T2-hyperintense snowball-like lesions of the corpus callosum
and subcortical white matter and hyperintense lesions in diffusionweighted
imaging with reduced apparent diffusion coefficient; b) BRAOs and vessel wall
hyperfluorescence in fluorescein angiography and a significant thickness
reduction of the inner retinal layers in optical coherence tomography; c)
bilateral sensorineural hearing loss. The patient was aggressively treated with
cyclophosphamide, rituximab, glucocorticoids and acetylsalicylic acid with a
good response to therapy. This report draws attention to the need to take SuS
into consideration in the differential diagnosis at the interface of
neurological, psychiatric, ophthalmological and otorhinolaryngological
disorders. As SuS may result in severe and persistent neurological deficits, an
interdisciplinary collaboration is fundamental for the prompt diagnosis and
initiation of adequate immunosuppressive treatment.
Die Beweiskraft ärztlicher Aufklärungsbögen
Authors: Wienke Albrecht
Published: April 2019

In Klinik und Praxis sind sie nicht mehr wegzudenken: ärztliche Aufklärungsbögen. Sie
dienen der Vorabinformation des Patienten, als Checkliste für den Arzt während des
persönlichen Aufklärungsgesprächs, der Dokumentation des Gesprächs und später als
Erinnerungsstütze, schließlich als Beweisstück im Prozess.
Ästhetische Behandlungen mit Fillern und das Management von
Nebenwirkungen
Authors: Barsch M. , Buhren B. A. , Gerber P. A.
Published: April 2019

Medizinisch-ästhetische Behandlungen sind für die tägliche dermatologische Praxis
von zunehmender Bedeutung. Als zentraler Bestandteil eines multimodalen
Therapiekonzeptes sind dermale und Volumenfiller aus der modernen ästhetischen
Therapie nicht mehr wegzudenken. Wegweisende Erkenntnisse zum Alterungsprozess
des Gesichtes und zur Sicherheit und Spezifika der verschiedenen Typen von
Füllstoffen der vergangenen Jahre bieten heute differenzierte
Anwendungsmöglichkeiten von Volumenaugmentation bis hin zu Hydratation oder
Kollageninduktion. Gleichsam sind aber auch der Markt an verfügbaren
Injektionsprodukten und die verschiedenen Indikationen und Injektionstechniken
nahezu unüberschaubar. Schließlich werden wir in der Praxis immer wieder mit
Komplikationen nach unsachgemäßer Anwendung oder den Langzeitkomplikationen von
in Deutschland längst nicht mehr verfügbaren Füllstoffen konfrontiert und auch
bei regelhafter Injektion sind Nebenwirkungen nicht ausgeschlossen. Die
vorliegende Arbeit soll einen Überblick über die am Markt verfügbaren aber auch
relevanten historischen bzw. obsoleten Filler und ferner über mögliche
Komplikationen und deren Management geben. Ferner finden sich persönliche
Bewertungen zu besonderen Indikationen bzw. Injektionstechniken.
Association between Cervical Spine Degeneration and the Presence of Dens Fractures
Authors: Betsch Marcel , Blizzard Sabina , Krishnamoorthy Bala , Yoo Jung
Published: April 2019

Purpose Results of a small case series indicate an increased risk of dens fractures in patients with osteoarthritis. The purpose of this retrospective cohort study was to analyze the relative risks associated with degeneration of the cervical spine in the occurrence of dens fractures in older patients.

Methods We performed a retrospective CT study of 1,794 patients > 55 years of age with and without dens fractures for signs of osteoarthritis (OA).

Results OA of the atlanto-dens interval (AdI) was present in 75.9% of fracture patients, whereas 63.5% of non-fracture patients had OA of the AdI (p = 0.04). In cases of osteoarthritis of the facet joints, we did find a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the dens fracture risk in patients with OA.

Conclusions This study indicates an association between OA of the cervical spine and the risk of sustaining a dens fracture. OA can lead to a reduction in the range of motion of the cervical spine. As a consequence, a relatively low-energy trauma can induce a forced sagittal motion, which will produce a torque at the base of the odontoid process resulting in a fracture.
Pharmacological treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with cavoatrial tumor thrombus – case series and literature review
Authors: Zhan Tianzuo , Sollors Janina , Steinebrunner Niels , Schlitt Hans , Stroszczynski Christian , Weiss Karl , Ebert Matthias , Teufel Andreas
Published: April 2019

Hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) that extend into the vena cava and the right atrium have a poor prognosis. Surgical approaches including partial hepatectomy and thrombectomy are the most frequently reported treatment options. However, most patients with advanced HCC are not eligible for complex surgical interventions due to reduced liver function, comorbidities, and metastases. At the same time, systemic treatment options of HCC have expanded in recent years. Here, we report 3 cases of patients with advanced HCC who developed a cavoatrial tumor thrombus (CATT) after initial surgical or interventional therapy. The patients were consequently treated with sorafenib or nivolumab. In all cases, the tumor responded to systemic treatment with disease stabilization or partial regression. Overall survival after diagnosis of CATT was 3 and 17 months for sorafenib and 7 + months for nivolumab. Compared to survival rates of alternative treatment options, systemic therapies demonstrated comparable outcomes. In summary, pharmacotherapy is an efficient and well worth option to treat patients with HCC and CATT and should be an integral part of a multimodal therapy concept.
Practical Aspects and Avoidance of Complications in Microendoscopic Spine Surgeries: A Review
Authors: Yadav Yad Ram , Lucano Angelo , Ratre Shailendra , Parihar Vijay Singh
Published: April 2019

Introduction Although the indications for endoscopic procedures have increased in recent times, there are also some limitations. This review discusses the practical points to prevent and treat complications in microendoscopic spine surgery.

Material and Methods A literature search was conducted for the relevant articles after a topic search on PubMed, Google Scholar, and Medline. The review is based on the experience of 1,574 spinal endoscopic procedures performed by the senior author.

Results Advantages of endoscopic surgery include better visualization, panoramic vision, and the ability to work around corners. Limitations with endoscopic procedures include proximal blind areas, obstruction in instrument handling due to a narrow corridor, disorientation, frequent lens fogging, loss of depth perception, and difficulty in achieving hemostasis, leading to complications and longer operative time during the learning curve.

Conclusion Surgeons need to learn endoscopic skills in addition to microsurgical ones to perform microendoscopic procedures properly. Attending live workshops, watching operative videos, visiting various departments, watching an experienced and accomplished endoscopic surgeon, proper case selection, a multidisciplinary team approach, practicing on models, hands-on cadaveric workshops, laboratory training, and simulators can improve results and shorten the learning curve.
Successful Management of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Monitoring N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Serum Levels in a Preterm Infant with Chronic Lung Disease: A Case Report
Authors: Seki Keigo , Iwashima Satoru , Uchiyama Hiroki , Ohishi Akira , Ishikawa Takamichi
Published: April 2019

We measured the serial changes in N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in a 6-month-old male infant with chronic lung disease (CLD) complicated by pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The patient was born at the 24th week of gestation weighing 695 g. At 1 month after birth, an echocardiogram confirmed the diagnosis of CLD with PAH. He was treated with inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) and oral sildenafil and discharged from the hospital. At 190 days of age, the patient was readmitted to our department because of a viral upper respiratory infection. At 195 days of age, his respiratory condition worsened with pulmonary edema and his NT-proBNP level was determined to be 10,117 pg/mL. The patient was immediately administered iNO, and his respiratory condition improved, and NT-proBNP levels decreased. However, he experienced repeated severe cyanosis attacks. Before the attacks, his NT-proBNP level was > 1,000 pg/mL. Therefore, we continuously administered iNO until his NT-proBNP level decreased to < 1,000 pg/mL. We safely discontinued iNO administration at 473 days of age. In conclusion, serial change in NT-proBNP is a surrogate marker with prognostic value in patients with PAH associated with CLD.
Intervenciones no farmacológicas para la disminución del dolor en cistoscopia
Authors: Guzman-Mejia Natalia , García-Perdomo Herney Andrés
Published: April 2019

Objetivo Generar una aproximación a las terapias no farmacológicas que disminuyan el dolor durante la realización de la cistoscopia.

Métodos Se realizó una búsqueda de la literatura para identificar artículos relevantes con respecto al tópico, utilizando como palabras clave: cistoscopia, dolor, terapia no farmacológica en cistoscopia y terapias alternativas. La búsqueda se hizo a través de Medline y Embase. Se realizó una revisión narrativa.

Resultados Aunque la cistoscopia flexible aumenta la tolerancia, especialmente en pacientes masculinos, el dolor sigue siendo inevitable durante la misma. Se han estudiado diferentes intervenciones no farmacológicas orientadas a disminuir el dolor y la ansiedad durante la cistoscopia, entre las que se encuentran: escuchar música, tomar la mano del paciente, ver el procedimiento en tiempo real, el aumento de la presión hidrostática, insuflación con aire y la hipnosis.

Conclusión Esas intervenciones podrían ser usadas como adyuvantes en la disminución del dolor y la ansiedad durante la cistoscopia, principalmente la masculina. Sin embargo, se requieren más estudios que comprueben su uso clínico apropiado.
Is There a Supporting Value of Platelet Distribution Width and Plateletcrit in the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis in Children?
Authors: Bilici Salim , Öztaş Tülin , Dursun Ahmet
Published: April 2019

This study was designed to investigate the diagnostic value of platelet distribution width (PDW) and plateletcrit (PCT) for acute appendicitis in childhood. A retrospective review was conducted of the records of 373 patients younger than 18 years who underwent appendectomy. Demographic data, white blood cell count, neutrophil count, and PDW and PCT values were recorded for all patients. A control group was formed of age- and gender-matched healthy children. The study results showed that the PDW level is not valuable as a marker for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children. PCT levels were determined to be statistically significantly increased in pediatric acute appendicitis with low specificity.
Bomb radiocarbon age validation for the long-lived, unexploited Arctic fish species Coregonus clupeaformis
Authors: Casselman John M. , Jones Cynthia M. , Campana Steven E.
Published: April 2019

The growth rates of freshwater fish in the Arctic would be expected to be very low, but some previous studies of lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) have reported relatively rapid growth and longevity estimates of less than 15 years. We used bomb radiocarbon chronologies to validate an ageing method based on otolith sections for lake whitefish in both an unexploited Arctic lake (MacAlpine Lake; longevity 50 years) and a lightly exploited temperate population (Lake Simcoe; longevity 49 years). Our results confirm previous suggestions that other ageing methods can seriously underestimate lake whitefish age after ~5–8 years. A Chapman–Robson estimate of instantaneous natural mortality rate (M) of 0.12 in the unfished Arctic lake was one-quarter of that measured in other Arctic lake whitefish populations, and one-third of that predicted by Pauly’s (1980) growth–temperature equation. The high estimates of M reported in other whitefish studies and by Pauly’s equation are almost certainly due to their being based on (incorrect) scale or surface otolith ages. Radiocarbon dating confirms that any attempt at predicting sustainable production for long-lived freshwater fishes like lake whitefish will need to be based on accurate ages derived from otolith sections.
Who will protect the health of rural residents in China if village doctors run out?
Authors: Yang Le , Wang Hongman
Published: April 2019

This paper discusses the current situation of Chinese village doctors and highlights the importance of increasing the number of village doctors for better health service and a stronger health system. This study reviewed relevant health policies and data from the Chinese Statistic Year Book 2016 to assess the current status of Chinese village doctors and clinics. The Chinese government has launched a set of healthcare reforms to strengthen primary health care (PHC), especially in rural areas. However, the recruitment and retention of village doctors has not been successful. The analysis of available data suggests that fewer doctors or graduated medical students want to work in village clinics and provide services for rural residents. It is widely recognised in China and other countries that a good PHC system protects the population’s health at low cost. To achieve a better health system, the Chinese government should strengthen PHC, expanding the village clinics’ coverage to improve access to PHC and basic public health, and introduce more sustainable policies to attract more PHC practitioners to Chinese villages.
Indium doping effect on properties of ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by sol–gel method*
Authors: Mourad S , El Ghoul J , Omri K , Khirouni K
Published: April 2019

Pure ZnO and indium-doped ZnO (In–ZO) nanoparticles with concentrations of In ranging from 0 to 5% are synthesized by a sol–gel processing technique. The structural and optical properties of ZnO and In–ZO nanoparticles are characterized by different techniques. The structural study confirms the presence of hexagonal wurtzite phase and indicates the incorporation of In3+ ions at the Zn2+ sites. However, the optical study shows a high absorption in the UV range and an important reflectance in the visible range. The optical band gap of In–ZnO sample varies between 3.16 eV and 3.22 eV. The photoluminescence (PL) analysis reveals that two emission peaks appear: one is located at 381 nm corresponding to the near-band-edge (NBE) and the other is observed in the green region. The aim of this work is to study the effect of indium doping on the structural, morphological, and optical properties of ZnO nanoparticles.
The productivity of kacang goat pre-weaning period in low-land and high-land in West Timor, Timor Island Indonesia
Authors: Nasich M , Sarah O L , Ciptadi G , Busono W , Budiarto A
Published: April 2019

This experiment aimed to determine and analyze the productivity of pre-weaning Kacang goats in the lowlands and highlands area of West Timor province, Indonesia. The results of this study were expected to be used as a reference for maintaining Kacang goats in Indonesia. This research was conducted in West Timor province, Timor Island. The material used in this study was 245 Kacang goats consisting of 96 does, and 149 kids. The research method used was the survey. The result showed that the average of litter size to Kacang goats in the lowlands were 1.6 + 0.63 heads and highlands 1.5 + 0.55. The average male birth weight in the lowlands was 1.7 + 0.32 kg, females 1.55 + 0.22 kg, while in the highlands, males were 1.62 + 0.15 kg, females 1.47 + 0.18 kg. The average weaning weight of males was 9.21 + 0.59 kg, females 8.65 + 0.65 kg in the lowlands and in the highlands, males 8.62 + 0.46 kg and females 8.27 + 0, 38 kg. From the results, it can be concluded that Kacang goats were considered more suitable to be maintained in the lowlands, however, even in the highlands it is also still considered good.
Reproduction characteristics of Simeulue Buffalo in Alafan district in Simeulue Island
Authors: Sari Eka Meutia , Mizan Khairul , Nashri Abdullah Mohd Agus
Published: April 2019

The purpose of this study was to identify the female buffalo reproductive characteristics in Alafan district of Simeulue Regency in Simeulue Island. This research used survey method in four villages within Alafan district, namely: Lafakha, Lubuk Baik, Lewak, and Langi. Fourty respondents of buffalo breeders we selected based on purposive sampling method, with the minimum requirement of breeder keep two productive buffalos which have been given birth twice and breeder have experience more than one year. Data collection done by interview and was discussion techniques. The parameters observed were: (a) conception period; (b) the age of buffalo have the first child; (c) calving intervals; and (d) service period. The data obtained processed and calculated averaged and then descended and described descriptively. The results showed that the female buffalo reproductive characteristics in Alafan district of Simelue Regency in Simeulue Island was good enough. The conception period was 10.46 months, the age of buffalo have the first child at 3.8 years (45.6 months), calving interval was 17.3 months, and service period was 7.5 months.
Integrated farming system of duck and rice in the coast of Tondano Lake in the Regency of Minahasa
Authors: Elly FH , Polakitan D , Salendu AHS , Pomolango R , Wantasen E
Published: April 2019

Farmers on the coast of Lake Tondano, mostly cultivate rice crops. In addition, duck farming also developed by farmers as the source of their income. Development of duck with rice was done with an integrated farming system. The problem was, whether integrated farming system of ducks and rice can provide benefits to farmers. This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the benefits of the integration of duck and rice farming. Determination of research locations in Minahasa Regency was carried out by purposive sampling. This determination was carried out with the consideration that the sample location was the center of development of integrated duck rice farming. Data analysis used was RC ratio and analysis of investment criteria (BC ratio, NPV dan IRR). Farmers’ income from the development of integrated duck rice farming was more than non integration. The results of the research show that the revenue of integrated of rice duck farming per year was Rp. 75,546,633 with the costs of Rp. 49,013,896. The RC value of the ratio was 1.54 which shows that integrated farming provides benefits for farmers. The results of the investment criteria analysis show that the integration of duck rice farming provides benefits to farmers. This was shown from the BC ratio which has a greater value one, the NPV was positive and the IRR was greater than the bank interest rate that applies in the study area. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the integration of duck and rice farming provides greater benefits for farmers. Suggestions that need to be submitted were suggestions for the government to socialize the development of ducks integrated with rice.