bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Extreme βHCG levels in first trimester screening are risk factors for adverse maternal and fetal outcomes
Authors: Younesi Sarang , Eslamian Laleh , Khalafi Nikta , Taheri Amin Mohammad Mahdi , Saadati Pourandokht , Jamali Soudabeh , Balvayeh Payam , Modarressi Mohammad-Hossein , Savad Shahram , Amidi Saloomeh , Delshad Saeed , Navidpour Fariba , Yazdani Bahareh , Aasdi Fatemeh , Chagheri Samira , Mohammadi Yalda , Marsoosi Vajiheh , Jamal Ashraf , Ghafouri-Fard Soudeh
Published: January 2023

Multiples of the normal median (MoM) of free βHCG is a valuable parameter in evaluation of risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. In the current retrospective study, we assessed the maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women having free βHCG MoM levels < 0.2 or > 5 in their first trimester screening (FTS). Relative risk of trisomy 21 was significantly higher in patients having free βHCG MoM > 5. On the other hand, relative risk of trisomies 13 and 18 and Turner syndrome were higher in those having free βHCG MoM < 0.2. Other chromosomal abnormalities were nearly equally detected between those having free βHCG MoM < 0.2 or > 5. Relative risk of hydrocephaly and hydrops fetalis was higher when free βHCG MoM was below 0.2. On the other hand, relative risk of low birth weight was higher when free βHCG MoM was above 5. Moreover, frequency of gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, preterm delivery and vaginal bleeding increased with levels of free βHCG MoM. However, polyhydramnios had the opposite trend. Frequencies of premature rupture of membranes and pregnancy induced hypertension were highest among pregnant women having levels of free βHCG MoM < 0.2. The current study indicates importance of free βHCG MoM in identification of at-risk pregnancies in terms of both fetal and maternal outcomes. In fact, βHCG MoM < 0.2 or > 5 can be regarded as risk factors for adverse maternal or fetal outcomes irrespective of the presence of other abnormalities in the FTS results.
Filamentous structures in the cell envelope are associated with bacteroidetes gliding machinery
Authors: Shibata Satoshi , Tahara Yuhei O. , Katayama Eisaku , Kawamoto Akihiro , Kato Takayuki , Zhu Yongtao , Nakane Daisuke , Namba Keiichi , Miyata Makoto , McBride Mark J. , Nakayama Koji
Published: January 2023

Many bacteria belonging to the phylum Bacteroidetes move on solid surfaces, called gliding motility. In our previous study with the Bacteroidetes gliding bacterium Flavobacterium johnsoniae, we proposed a helical loop track model, where adhesive SprB filaments are propelled along a helical loop on the cell surface. In this study, we observed the gliding cell rotating counterclockwise about its axis when viewed from the rear to the advancing direction of the cell and revealed that one labeled SprB focus sometimes overtook and passed another SprB focus that was moving in the same direction. Several electron microscopic analyses revealed the presence of a possible multi-rail structure underneath the outer membrane, which was associated with SprB filaments and contained GldJ protein. These results provide insights into the mechanism of Bacteroidetes gliding motility, in which the SprB filaments are propelled along tracks that may form a multi-rail system underneath the outer membrane. The insights may give clues as to how the SprB filaments get their driving force.
TRIM24 controls induction of latent HIV-1 by stimulating transcriptional elongation
Authors: Horvath Riley M. , Dahabieh Matthew , Malcolm Tom , Sadowski Ivan
Published: January 2023

Binding of USF1/2 and TFII-I (RBF-2) at conserved sites flanking the HIV-1 LTR enhancer is essential for reactivation from latency in T cells, with TFII-I knockdown rendering the provirus insensitive to T cell signaling. We identified an interaction of TFII-I with the tripartite motif protein TRIM24, and these factors were found to be constitutively associated with the HIV-1 LTR. Similar to the effect of TFII-I depletion, loss of TRIM24 impaired reactivation of HIV-1 in response to T cell signaling. TRIM24 deficiency did not affect recruitment of RNA Pol II to the LTR promoter, but inhibited transcriptional elongation, an effect that was associated with decreased RNA Pol II CTD S2 phosphorylation and impaired recruitment of CDK9. A considerable number of genomic loci are co-occupied by TRIM24/TFII-I, and we found that TRIM24 deletion caused altered T cell immune response, an effect that is facilitated by TFII-I. These results demonstrate a role of TRIM24 for regulation of transcriptional elongation from the HIV-1 promoter, through its interaction with TFII-I, and by recruitment of P-TEFb. Furthermore, these factors co-regulate a significant proportion of genes involved in T cell immune response, consistent with tight coupling of HIV-1 transcriptional activation and T cell signaling.
Monitoring intramolecular proton transfer with ion mobility-mass spectrometry and in-source ion activation
Authors: Valadbeigi Younes , Causon Tim
Published: January 2023

Here, we show how intramolecular proton transfer can be induced and monitored with the example of polycyclic aromatic amines using in-source ion-activation and ion mobility-mass spectrometry.
Plasma activated water: a study of gas type, electrode material, and power supply selection and the impact on the final frontier
Authors: Gott Ryan P. , Engeling K. W. , Olson Joel , Franco Carolina
Published: January 2023

Ion concentrations of plasma activated water correlated well to changes in pH and conductivity with excellent agreement to theoretical calculations.
Photoelectric properties of the layered raspberry sandwich amorphous ZnCo2S4@MnCo2S4/CP composite counter electrode in semiconductor-sensitized solar cells
Authors: Liu Mingzhu , Wang Senyang , Cao Ying , Liang Chengyang , Geng Shitong , Guo Haipeng , Liu Ying , Luo Yanhong , Zhang Wenming , Li Ling
Published: January 2023

The unique amorphous composite ZnCo2S4@MnCo2S4 was successfully combined with carbon paper (CP) to prepare ZnCo2S4@MnCo2S4/CP as a counter electrode in the dye-sensitized solar cells, exhibited superior catalytic performance (PCE = 11.68%).
Rhodium and ruthenium complexes of methylene-bridged, P-stereogenic, unsymmetrical diphosphanes
Authors: Eusamio Javier , Medina Yaiza M. , Córdoba Javier C. , Vidal-Ferran Anton , Sainz Daniel , Gutiérrez Albert , Font-Bardia Mercè , Grabulosa Arnald
Published: January 2023

P-stereogenic, methylene-bridged unsymmetrical diphosphanes coordinate to Rh(i) and Ru(ii), forming different complexes. The complexes are active in catalytic reductions.
Nanosilver-loaded metal–organic framework UiO-66 with strong fungicidal activity
Authors: Chiericatti Carolina , Lozano Luis A. , Zamaro Juan M.
Published: January 2023

Green functionalization of the metal–organic framework UiO-66 with a high loading of dispersed cationic silver species, having an outstanding antifungal action.
A universal growth method for high-quality phase-engineered germanium chalcogenide nanosheets
Authors: Qu Junyu , Liu Chenxi , Zubair Muhammad , Zeng Zhouxiaosong , Liu Bo , Yang Xin , Luo Ziyu , Yi Xiao , Chen Ying , Chen Shula , Pan Anlian
Published: January 2023

Germanium chalcogenide nanosheets with controllable phase transition are synthesized by a hydrogen-mediated CVD strategy. The systematic investigation can facilitate researchers to screen reasonable materials to achieve different functions.
2D Metal–organic framework derived Co/CoSe2 heterojunctions with interfacial electron redistribution as bifunctional electrocatalysts for urea-assisted rechargeable Zn–air batteries
Authors: Li Huanhuan , Liu Yanyan , Huang Lulu , Xin Jie , Zhang Tengfei , Liu Ping , Chen Long , Guo Wen , Gu Tiantian , Wang Gang
Published: January 2023

Benefiting from the structure and interface engineering, the electrocatalyst of Co/CoSe2@CNx presents superior ORR/UOR bifunctional performance with high stability and high energy conversion efficiency for urea-assisted rechargeable Zn–air batteries.
How does precursor RNA structure influence RNA processing and gene expression?
Authors: Herbert Austin , Hatfield Abigail , Lackey Lela
Published: January 2023

RNA is a fundamental biomolecule that has many purposes within cells. Due to its single-stranded and flexible nature, RNA naturally folds into complex and dynamic structures. Recent technological and computational advances have produced an explosion of RNA structural data. Many RNA structures have regulatory and functional properties. Studying the structure of nascent RNAs is particularly challenging due to their low abundance and long length, but their structures are important because they can influence RNA processing. Precursor RNA processing is a nexus of pathways that determines mature isoform composition and that controls gene expression. In this review, we examine what is known about human nascent RNA structure and the influence of RNA structure on processing of precursor RNAs. These known structures provide examples of how other nascent RNAs may be structured and show how novel RNA structures may influence RNA processing including splicing and polyadenylation. RNA structures can be targeted therapeutically to treat disease.
The dynamic relaxation form finding method aided with advanced recurrent neural network
Authors: Zhao Liming , Sun Zhongbo , Liu Keping , Zhang Jiliang
Published: January 2023

How to establish a self‐equilibrium configuration is vital for further kinematics and dynamics analyses of tensegrity mechanism. In this study, for investigating tensegrity form‐finding problems, a concise and efficient dynamic relaxation‐noise tolerant zeroing neural network (DR‐NTZNN) form‐finding algorithm is established through analysing the physical properties of tensegrity structures. In addition, the non‐linear constrained optimisation problem which transformed from the form‐finding problem is solved by a sequential quadratic programming algorithm. Moreover, the noise may produce in the form‐finding process that includes the round‐off errors which are brought by the approximate matrix and restart point calculating course, disturbance caused by external force and manufacturing error when constructing a tensegrity structure. Hence, for the purpose of suppressing the noise, a noise tolerant zeroing neural network is presented to solve the search direction, which can endow the anti‐noise capability to the form‐finding model and enhance the calculation capability. Besides, the dynamic relaxation method is contributed to seek the nodal coordinates rapidly when the search direction is acquired. The numerical results show the form‐finding model has a huge capability for high‐dimensional free form cable‐strut mechanisms with complicated topology. Eventually, comparing with other existing form‐finding methods, the contrast simulations reveal the excellent anti‐noise performance and calculation capacity of DR‐NTZNN form‐finding algorithm.
Multi‐granularity re‐ranking for visible‐infrared person re‐identification
Authors: Wang Yadi , Zhang Hongyun , Miao Duoqian , Pedrycz Witold
Published: January 2023

Visible‐infrared person re‐identification (VI‐ReID) is a supplementary task of single‐modality re‐identification, which makes up for the defect of conventional re‐identification under insufficient illumination. It is more challenging than single‐modality ReID because, in addition to difficulties in pedestrian posture, camera shooting angle and background change, there are also difficulties in the cross‐modality gap. Existing works only involve coarse‐grained global features in the re‐ranking calculation, which cannot effectively use fine‐grained features. However, fine‐grained features are particularly important due to the lack of information in cross‐modality re‐ID. To this end, the Q‐center Multi‐granularity K‐reciprocal Re‐ranking Algorithm (termed QCMR) is proposed, including a Q‐nearest neighbour centre encoder (termed QNC) and a Multi‐granularity K‐reciprocal Encoder (termed MGK) for a more comprehensive feature representation. QNC converts the probe‐corresponding modality features into gallery corresponding modality features through modality transfer to narrow the modality gap. MGK takes a coarse‐grained mutual nearest neighbour as the dominant and combines a fine‐grained nearest neighbour as a supplement for similarity measurement. Extensive experiments on two widely used VI‐ReID benchmarks, SYSU‐MM01 and RegDB have shown that our method achieves state‐of‐the‐art results. Especially, the mAP of SYSU‐MM01 is increased by 5.9% in all‐search mode.
A clutter suppression algorithm via subspace‐weighted mixed‐norm minimisation
Authors: Wang Degen , Wang Tong , Cui Weichen , Zhang Xinying
Published: January 2023

Space‐time adaptive processing (STAP) struggles to effectively suppress clutter in the heterogeneous clutter environment due to the lack of training samples. In order to enhance clutter suppression performance of STAP, a subspace‐weighted mixed‐norm minimisation approach is given. First, a roughly estimated clutter subspace is obtained using the subspace augment (SA) approach. The weight vector is then designed using the association between the dictionary matrix and the noise subspace, allowing the algorithm to penalise sparse coefficients democratically. Finally, in order to solve the subspace‐weighted mixed‐norm minimisation problem, we derive a fast algorithm based on the alternating direction multiplier method (ADMM) framework. The proposed algorithm does not require iteratively updating the weight vector in contrast to the iterative re‐weighted (IRL1) algorithm. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in terms of computational efficiency and clutter suppression performance.
Relation between metallicities and spectral energy distributions of Herbig Ae/Be stars
Authors: Guzmán-Díaz J. , Montesinos B. , Mendigutía I. , Kama M. , Meeus G. , Vioque M. , Oudmaijer R. D. , Villaver E.
Published: January 2023

Context. Most studies devoted to Herbig Ae/Be stars (HAeBes) assume solar metallicity. However, the stellar metallicity, [M/H], is a fundamental parameter that can strongly differ depending on the source and may have important implications for planet formation. It has been proposed that the deficit of refractory elements observed in the surfaces of some HAeBes may be linked to the presence of cavities in their disks and is likely caused by Jovian planets that trap the metal-rich content.

Aims. This work aims to provide a robust test on the previous proposal by analyzing the largest sample of HAeBes characterized by homogeneously derived [M/H] values and stellar and circumstellar properties.

Methods. The spectra of 67 HAeBes, along with their well-known properties drawn from our previous work, have been collected from the ESO Science Archive Facility. Their [M/H] values were derived based on the comparison with Kurucz synthetic models. Statistical analyses were carried out with the aim to test the potential relation between [M/H] and the Meeus group I sources, with spectral energy distributions (SEDs) associated with the presence of cavities potentially carved by giant planets. We critically analyzed the eventual link between [M/H], the SED groups, and the presence of such planets.

Results. Our statistical study robustly confirms that group I sources tend to have a lower [M/H] (typically ~ −0.10) than that of group II HAeBes (~ +0.14). A similar analysis involving SED-based transitional disks, with infrared excess only at wavelengths of ≥2.2 µm, does not reveal such a relation with [M/H]. This result indicates that not all processes capable of creating holes in the inner dust disks end up having an effect on the stellar abundances. The spatial distributions of group I and II sources are similar, at least within the available range of distances to the galactic centre and the galactic plane, for which the observed [M/H] differences are not driven by environmental effects. In addition, group I sources tend to have stronger (sub-) mm continuum emission presumably related to the presence of giant planets. Indeed, literature results indicate that disk substructures probably associated with the presence of giant planets are up to ten times more frequent in group I HAeBes than in group II. Finally, along with the metallicities derived for the whole sample, surface gravities and projected rotational velocities are additional outcomes reported in this work.

Conclusions. We provide indirect evidence to suggest that giant planets are more frequent around group I/low [M/H] stars than around the rest of the HAeBes. However, a direct test of the previous hypothesis requires multiple detections of forming planets in their disks. Such detections have so far been limited to the candidate around the metal depleted ([M/H] = −0.35 ± −0.25) group I HAeBe star AB Aur, which is consistent with our findings.
Biomonitoring heavy metals (Cu, Li and Mn) in the Marchica Lagoon of Morocco usingMytilus galloprovincialis
Authors: Azizi Ghizlane , Akodad Mustapha , Layachi Mostafa , Baghour Mourad , Said Bellahcen , Ait Hmeid Hanane , Ngadi Hamza , Gueddari Hicham , Esseffar Sara , Riouchi Ouassila , Moumen Abdelmajid
Published: January 2023

Concentration of Copper, Lithium and Manganese were determined in the whole soft tissues ofMytilus galloprovincialis, collected from the two sites (Bni Ansar and Kariat Arekmane) of the Marchica lagoon of Morocco. The mussels were sampled on December and July of 2019. The ability of mussels to accumulate metals was arranged in the following order: Li < Cu < Mn. The levels of heavy metals inM. galloprovincialiswere higher (P<0.05) in December (7.38, 2.63 and 11.10 mg/kg d.w., for Cu, Li and Mn, respectively) than July (5.56, 1.85 and 7.24 mg/kg d.w., for Cu, Li and Mn, respectively) because of the environmental parameters of the seawater and the physiological status of the animal. The trends of accumulations of investigated metals in mussel were higher (P < 0.05) in samples from Bni Ansar than from Kariat Arekmane sites, because of the urban and industrial discharge that submitted the zone of lagoon near to the Bni Ansar city. The Mn concentration in the mussel exceeded the acceptable guidelines limits indicated by international organization, which suggests that consumption of bivalves represents a threat to human health. The studied mussel is suitable biomonitors to investigate heavy metals contamination in the coastal area of the Moroccan Mediterranean coasts.
Truncation errors and modified equations for the lattice Boltzmann methodviathe corresponding Finite Difference schemes
Authors: Bellotti Thomas
Published: January 2023

Lattice Boltzmann schemes are efficient numerical methods to solve a broad range of problems under the form of conservation laws. However, they suffer from a chronic lack of clear theoretical foundations. In particular, the consistency analysis and the derivation of the modified equations are still open issues. This has prevented, until today, to have an analogous of the Lax equivalence theorem for lattice Boltzmann schemes. We propose a rigorous consistency study and the derivation of the modified equations for any lattice Boltzmann scheme under acoustic and diffusive scalings. This is done by passing from a kinetic (lattice Boltzmann) to a macroscopic (Finite Difference) point of view at a fully discrete level in order to eliminate the non-conserved moments relaxing away from the equilibrium. We rewrite the lattice Boltzmann scheme as a multi-step Finite Difference scheme on the conserved variables, as introduced in our previous contribution. We then perform the usual analyses for Finite Difference by exploiting its precise characterization using matrices of Finite Difference operators. Though we present the derivation of the modified equations until second-order under acoustic scaling, we provide all the elements to extend it to higher orders, since the kinetic-macroscopic connection is conducted at the fully discrete level. Finally, we show that our strategy yields, in a more rigorous setting, the same results as previous works in the literature.
Barrieren und Förderfaktoren für die Implementierung eines Konzepts zur Förderung evidenzbasierten Arbeitens in der Physiotherapie – Eine Mixed-Methods-Studie
Authors: Böttinger Melissa J. , Elgeti Martin , Tschaggeny Dorothea , Wasner Mieke , Diermayr Gudrun
Published: January 2023

Hintergrund In der Physiotherapie in Deutschland besteht Bedarf an theoretisch und wissenschaftlich fundierten Implementierungsstrategien zur Förderung des evidenzbasierten Arbeitens (EBP). Bei der Entwicklung solcher Strategien ist es notwendig, die Rahmenbedingungen und Einflussfaktoren im individuellen Kontext zu erfassen und zu berücksichtigen. In diesem Zusammenhang wurde das „science4practice“-Konzept mit dem Ziel entwickelt, die Umsetzung von EBP in physiotherapeutischen Einrichtungen zu fördern.

Ziel Erhebung von Barrieren und Förderfaktoren für die Implementierung des „science4practice“-Konzepts.

Methode Im Rahmen einer Mixed-Methods-Studie wurden qualitative, semistrukturierte Interviews sowie eine quantitative Erhebung anhand eines Online- und Papierfragebogens durchgeführt. An den Interviews nahmen Geschäfts- und Therapieleitungen therapeutischer Einrichtungen sowie Physiotherapeut*innen ohne Leitungsverantwortung teil. An der quantitativen Befragung nahmen Physiotherapeut*innen ohne Leitungsverantwortung teil. Die Daten der Interviews wurden mittels thematischer Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet. Die Daten der quantitativen Erhebung wurden deskriptiv analysiert.

Ergebnisse Aus den 15 durchgeführten Interviews konnten die mangelnden Fähigkeiten zur Literaturrecherche und -bewertung, negative Erfahrungen mit Veränderungsprozessen sowie unzureichende Zugangsmöglichkeiten zu wissenschaftlicher Literatur als Barrieren abgeleitet werden. Als Förderfaktoren wurden die Unterstützung durch Vorgesetzte sowie die Verfügbarkeit von Ressourcen für die Implementierung des Konzepts identifiziert. Die Umfrageergebnisse von 47 Physiotherapeut*innen ohne Leitungsverantwortung zeigen kumulierte Zustimmungswerte („trifft voll zu“ und „trifft eher zu“) von 83–91 % für die Bereitschaft zur Umsetzung des „science4practice“-Konzepts. Durch die Zusammenführung der quantitativen und qualitativen Daten konnte die Bereitschaft des Teams zur Konzeptumsetzung abschließend als Förderfaktor eingeordnet werden.

Schlussfolgerung Die Studie identifiziert Barrieren und Förderfaktoren aus Sicht der Teilnehmenden mit und ohne Leitungsverantwortung. Einerseits unterstreichen die Daten national und international identifizierte Barrieren wie mangelnde wissenschaftliche Kompetenzen oder unzureichende Zugänge zu wissenschaftlicher Literatur. Andererseits zeigen die Ergebnisse das Potential des Konzepts als EBP-Implementierungsvorhaben in der Physiotherapie in Deutschland. Im nächsten Schritt sollten Studien durchgeführt werden, um die Machbarkeit des Konzepts zu überprüfen.
Empfehlungen zur strategischen Entwicklung der gesundheitlichen
Versorgung für Menschen mit Autismus-Spektrum-Störung (ASS) in
Bayern
Authors: Witzmann Markus , Dose Matthias , Noterdaeme Michèle
Published: January 2023

Als psychische Erkrankungen sind Autismus-Spektrum-Störungen (ASS) sowohl
in der DSM-V wie auch in der ICD 11 der Gruppe der neuronalen und mentalen
Entwicklungsstörungen eingeordnet. ASS sind Störungen, die
ausnahmslos in der frühen Kindheit beginnen. Eine valide,
frühzeitige Diagnosestellung ist Grundvoraussetzung für die
Bereitstellung angemessener Behandlungs- und Förderleistungen sowie
jeder Versorgungsplanung bezüglich aller relevanter Bereiche wie
Therapie und Frühförderung. Auf Basis eines partizipativ
angelegten wissenschaftlich begleiteten Entwicklungsprozesses zur Verfassung von
Empfehlungen einer ersten Bayerischen Autismus-Strategie in 2018 bis 2021 wurden
Prinzipien, Ziele, Handlungsfelder und Maßnahmen zur Optimierung der
Versorgung von Menschen mit ASS und deren Angehörigen erarbeitet. Dabei
zeigt sich vor allem ein Bedarf an Sensibilisierung zu ASS, der weiteren
Generierung und Bereitstellung von Wissen zu ASS, am Ausbau von fachspezifischen
Angeboten zur Früherkennung, Beratung und Diagnostik sowie ein
flächendeckender Zugang zu Frühförderung und
Therapie.
The Five-substitution Option Enhances Teams’ Running
Performance at High Speed in Football
Authors: López-Valenciano Alejandro , Moreno-Perez Víctor , Campo Roberto López-Del , Resta Ricardo , Coso Juan Del
Published: January 2023

The aim of this investigation was to describe how the introduction of the
five-substitution option affected football teams’ running performance. A
comparative analysis was performed in 17 professional football teams for the
2019-2020 (up to three substitutions) vs 2020–2021 (five substitutions
option) seasons in LaLiga. The five-substitution option increased the
number of substitutions (from 2.9±0.1 to 4.2±1.0
substitutions/match, respectively; p<0.01, Effect Size
(ES)=2.11) but it did not change the time selected for the first
substitution (from 57.5±13.0 to 56.2±13.7 min;
p=0.06, ES=0.1). Total running distance was similar between
seasons but running distance at 21.0–23.9 km/h (from
3.0±0.4 to 3.2±0.4 km; p=0.01, ES=0.6)
and at≥24.0 km/h (from 3.0±0.6 to
3.2±0.5 km; p=0.01, ES=0.3) were higher with the
five-substitution option. These increases were associated with a higher distance
covered by starting players (p<0.05) rather than an effect of substitute
players. With the five-substitution option, team coaches increased
the number of substitutions per match which enhanced the possibilities of the
team’s staff to manage players’ physical load. The
five-substitution option allowed also increased running performance
at≥21.0 km/h during the matches.
Why Median Severity and Ordinal Scale Severity Values should not be
used for Injury Burden Results: A Critical Review
Authors: Fuller Colin W
Published: January 2023

Injury burden is a composite measure of injury incidence and mean severity; this
parameter has been reported as an output measure from injury surveillance
studies in rugby for over 20 years. The benefits of reporting injury burden
results have, more recently, been recognised in other sports. This wider use of
injury burden as an output measure from injury surveillance studies has,
however, highlighted misunderstandings about how to calculate, present and
interpret injury burden data. The aim of this critical review is to explain why
median severity and ordinal severity scales should not be used to calculate and
report injury burden results in injury surveillance studies. Equations are
presented to show how injury burden results should be calculated, and graphs and
tables are presented to explain the errors that are introduced when median
severity and ordinal scales of severity are used instead of mean severity. This
critical review is intended to highlight the correct procedures for calculating,
reporting and interpreting injury burden results in order to avoid incorrect
results, conclusions and injury prevention recommendations being published.
Endoscopic trans-anal tube placement is a safe and helpful tool for colonic decompression: final results of a standardized single-centre retrospective assessment of 125 patients
Authors: Horn Andreas , Sabet Manij , Roghmann Florian , Meves Volker , Loss Martin , Hochberger Juergen , Benckert Christoph , Berger Andreas Wolfgang
Published: January 2023

Objectives Endoscopic trans-anal colonic decompression (ECD) may be requested in the case of massive colon distension, but evidence regarding success and safety issues remains scarce. The aim of this analysis is to examine the technical success, complications and clinical outcome in a large series of patients undergoing an ECD in various clinical scenarios. A standardized evaluation system was used to identify the pre-interventional risk parameters that might be helpful to guide clinical decision making.

Methods In this single-centre retrospective study, the modified Clavien–Dindo classification (CDC) was applied to assess technical success, complications and clinical outcome of 125 consecutive patients who underwent ECD between 2007 and 2020. Primary endpoint: post interventional 90-day mortality. Secondary endpoints: periprocedural complications (CDC event IV-V) and technical success rate. All Martin criteria for standardized reporting of complications were met. Uni- and multivariable analyses for prediction of complications were carried out.

Results The overall technical success rate was 90%. The periprocedural complication rate was low with 3%. Overall 90-day mortality was 31%. Univariable analyses showed a significant correlation between 90-day mortality and ASA≥4 (p<0.001, odds ratio [OR] 15.33), general anaesthesia (p=0.05, OR 21.42) and elevated serological infection parameters (p 0.028, OR 1.004). The pre-interventional multivariable model identified ASA ≥4 (p <0.001; OR 10.94) as the only independent risk factor.

Conclusions ECD is a safe, easily available, technical feasible, inexpensive and successful tool for colonic decompression in various colonic obstruction scenarios, even in critically ill patients. ASA Score ≥IV can be helpful to identify patients at risk for complications/mortality after ECD.
Revision of Failed Osteochondritis dissecans Surgical Treatment: Case Report
Authors: Maiotti Marco , Rossi Valentina , Armocida Daniele
Published: January 2023

Background Osteochondritis dissecans (OD) is one of the most
common cartilage lesions of the knee. Conservative treatment is recommended if the lesions are
stable with no loose bodies or there are open physes. Surgical intervention is recommended as
the primary treatment in symptomatic adults with unstable chondral lesions or with concomitant
loose bodies. Methods We describe a case of a patient suffering from
OD with a bone lesion in the weight-bearing area of medial femoral condyle. Arthroscopy was
performed and an osteochondral fragment from the medial femoral condyle was observed and two
articular loose bodies were removed. After months, the patient returned with pain and a locked
knee. magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) presented a new unstable chondral flap at the posterior
border of the previous lesion. Surgery was performed again, and at open examination, the
previous OD lesions were covered by regenerative tissue, with a lesion of 3 cm2 at
the inferior medial part of the chondral flap. The peripheral margins were cleaned, and a
subchondral crater was curetted. The subchondral lesion was debrided, and the flap was fixed
with pins and a central bioresorbable screws. Results Revision
surgery with fixation of the chondral flap using bioresorbable pins and screws led to
satisfactory results. Conclusion Open revision surgery allowed us a
more accurate assessment of the OD area to provide an effective fixation of the chondral flap
and in this circumstance, this should have been done after seeing the first MRI.
Pulmonary Sonography – Neonatal Diagnosis Part 2
Authors: Schwarz Simone
Published: January 2023

A healthy, air-filled lung can only be visualized by its artifacts, and pathologies of the lung are revealed by changes in these artifacts. Because ultrasound artifacts are predominantly used in pulmonary sonography to assess pathologic processes, the variability of sonographically imageable phenomena is limited. For this reason, different pulmonary diseases may present very similarly in ultrasound. Therefore, a correct interpretation of the findings is only possible in the clinical context, taking into account the age-dependent differential diagnoses.

The particular relevance of lung ultrasound in the treatment of neonatal patients results from a close correlation between the extent of sonographically-depictable pathologies and parameters of respiratory insufficiency. This suggests a direct correlation between ultrasound findings and the severity of lung injury. Lung ultrasound thus represents a unique, ubiquitously available, bedside, serial method for monitoring the pulmonary status.
Does Cerebral Oxygenation Change during Peripherally Inserted Central Catheterization in Preterm Infants?
Authors: Ercan Gözde , Imamoglu Ebru Y. , Şahin Özlem , Çolak Derya , Imamoglu Serhat
Published: January 2023

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effect of peripherally inserted central venous catheterization on cerebral oxygenation by near-infrared spectroscopy in very low birth weight preterm infants.

Study Design Forty-one preterm infants (gestational age ≤32 weeks and birth weight ≤1,500 g) requiring peripherally inserted central venous catheter were included. Hemodynamic data and cerebral regional oxygen saturation values measured by near-infrared spectroscopy were prospectively collected before (T0) and every 5 minutes for 30 minutes following catheterization. When compared with baseline (T0) values, those values having relative maximum changes in the first 15 minutes and between 15 and 30 minutes were defined as T15 max and T30 max, respectively. Any change of more than a 10% decrease in baseline cerebral rSO2 was considered clinically significant. Additionally, any changes exceeding 20% in heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure values were considered significant. Following catheterization, the time interval to reach the baseline for cerebral regional oxygen saturation was noted.

Results Cerebral regional oxygen saturation values at T15 max and T30 max were found to have decreased significantly in 46 and 22% of patients, respectively. A statistically significant difference was observed between these two time periods (p = 0.002); no significant differences in heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure, or cerebral fractional oxygen extraction values at T15 max and T30 max were observed. All patients reached their baseline cerebral regional oxygen saturation in a median of 25 (15–60) minutes.

Conclusion In very low birth weight preterm infants, monitoring cerebral regional oxygen saturation by near-infrared spectroscopy before and after peripherally inserted central venous catheterization may be useful in clinical practice. The assessment of factors affecting cerebral oxygenation and, in the case of low cerebral oxygenation, implementation of corrective actions before peripherally inserted central catheterization may offer a neuroprotective strategy.

Key Points
Risk Factors for Mortality or Major Morbidities of Very Preterm Infants: A Study from Thailand
Authors: Thatrimontrichai Anucha , Phatigomet Manapat , Maneenil Gunlawadee , Dissaneevate Supaporn , Janjindamai Waricha
Published: January 2023

Objective Very preterm neonates have high rates of composite outcomes featuring mortality and major morbidities. If the modifiable risk factors could be identified, perhaps the rates could be decreased especially in resource-limited settings.

Study Design We performed a prospective study in a Thai neonatal intensive care unit to identify the risk factors of composite outcomes between 2014 and 2021. The inclusion criterion was neonates who were born in our hospital at a gestational age (GA) of less than 32 weeks. The exclusion criteria were neonates who died in the delivery room or had major congenital anomalies. The composite outcomes were analyzed by multivariable logistic regression with adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and a 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results Over the 8-year study period, 555 very preterm inborn neonates without major birth defects were delivered. The composite outcomes were 29.4% (163/555). The medians (interquartile ranges) of GA and birth weights of the neonates were 29 (27–31) weeks and 1,180 (860–1,475) grams, respectively. By multivariable analysis, GA (aOR: 0.65; 95% CI: 0.55–0.77), small for GA (aOR: 4.93; 95% CI: 1.79–13.58), multifetal gestation (aOR: 2.23; 95% CI: 1.12–4.46), intubation within 24 hours (aOR: 5.39; 95% CI: 1.35–21.64), and severe respiratory distress syndrome (aOR: 5.00; 95% CI: 1.05–23.89) were significantly associated with composite outcomes.

Conclusion Very preterm infants who had a lower GA were small for GA, twins or more, respiratory failure on the first day of life, and severe respiratory distress syndrome were associated with mortality and/or major morbidities.

Key Points
Formamidine-Induced Translocative Rearrangement of 2-Pyrones to 2-Pyridone Analogues with a 1,5-Diketo Motif
Authors: Sharon Ashoke , Kumar Rajan
Published: January 2023

A new formamidine-induced translocative rearrangement of 2-pyrone analogues into 2-pyridone derivatives with a 1,5-diketo motif was identified. All the products were characterized by spectroscopic analysis. In addition, single-crystal X-ray structural studies of two molecules were performed.
Supraorbital Keyhole Approach—A Minimally Invasive Versatile Approach to Skull Base Lesions
Authors: Pai Balaji S. , Khandelwal Sandesh , Narayana Vishwanath , Maulyavantham Nagaraj Nagarjun
Published: January 2023

Background Over the last two decades, there have been development of approaches that are minimally invasive but achieve maximum effective results with minimal morbidity. The supraorbital keyhole approach (SOKHA) through the transciliary incision is minimally invasive approach that permits effective management of skull base lesions with minimal injury to the soft tissue and surrounding brain.

Aims The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SOKHA for skull base lesions.

Settings and Design This is a prospective study in a tertiary neurosurgical teaching institute in a metropolitan city.

Materials and Methods Twenty-one patients of various pathology were operated using the SOKHA through the “eye-brow incision.” The pathologies included pituitary adenoma, craniopharyngioma, epidermoid, tuberculum sella, and planum sphenoidale meningioma. The authors describe in detail the surgical approach employed by them for these various pathologies.

Results All neoplastic lesions in this series could be addressed effectively with near total or total excision. No fresh postoperative deficits were noted except a case who developed ipsilateral anterior cerebral artery infarction that resulted in lower limb weakness. One patient developed postoperative abscess requiring surgical excision. At follow-up, all patients revealed a cosmetic scar hidden by the eye brow.

Conclusion The SOKHA is an effective minimally invasive procedure with proven safety for the management of anterior, selected middle skull base lesions and to provide excellent cosmesis with minimal trauma to the adjacent brain. The authors, however, feel that it is technically demanding and surgeons should employ a stepwise progression from simple to more complex lesions.
A New Repair Technique in Pronator Quadratus in Management of Distal Radius Fracture: Comparison with Primary Repair and Unrepaired Techniques
Authors: Ayik Ömer , Bayram Serkan , Altan Murat , Engin Muhammed Çağatay
Published: January 2023

Objective We aimed to compare the functional and clinical results between our new repair technique in the groups with and without pronator quadratus (PQ) repair in distal radius fractures treated with plate fixation using the volar approach.

Methods The medical records of patients who underwent open reduction and volar plate fixation due to distal radius fracture between 2018 and 2020 were studied. In group A, PQ cannot be sutured or tension may occur, the intact radial fascia of the deep anterior fascia (DAF) was placed under the flexors toward the PQ and it was sutured with a 3-0 slow-absorbable monofilament suture to DAF. In group B, no repair was performed. In group C, PQ was sutured with traditional method. Range of motion (ROM) of wrist and handgrip strengths were measured at final examination. Pain was assessed with Visual Analogue Score (VAS), and functional status was evaluated with Quick - Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH). Complications which included tendinopathy, neuritis, tendon rupture due to plate irritation, implant failure, and malunion were also compared.

Results Seventy-seven patients (group A, 21, group B, 24, group C, 32 patients) were included in the final follow-up examination who met our inclusion criteria. Among the clinical, functional, and radiological results such as ROM, VAS, DASH, grip strength, and complications in the all group at a mean postoperative of 16.6 months no significant difference was observed.

Conclusion Although there was no significant difference between the groups in this study, we think that covering the plate may prevent long-term complications.
Do staff capacity and performance-based budgeting improve organisational performance? Empirical evidence from Chinese public universities
Authors: He Liying , Ismail Kamisah
Published: January 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has raised many issues for higher education institutions, one of which is the continued decline in funding and an increased emphasis on effectiveness and efficiency. Performance-based budgeting is being adopted in organisations to allocate resources more efficiently, and Chinese public universities are no exception. The present study explicitly aimed to examine the relationship among staff capacity, performance-based budgeting, and organisational performance in Chinese public universities. It also investigated the role of top management support as a moderator. A purposive sampling method was used to select a total of 271 participants who agreed to participate in an online survey. A multimethod approach combining partial least squares-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), the PROCESS macro and necessary condition analysis (NCA) was adopted. The PLS-SEM results indicated that performance-based budgeting had a positive relationship with university performance and served as a mediator between staff capacity and university performance. The moderated mediation results showed that top management moderated the relationship among the selected variables. The NCA results suggested that both staff capacity and performance-based budgeting are meaningful and significant necessary conditions for university performance. The combined results indicated how researchers and practitioners can identify the factors that are critical for university performance and result in the best possible outcomes. This is possibly the first study to use this multimethod approach in accounting research. Overall, this study offers valuable insights into performance-based budgeting implementation in higher education institutions and may serve as a guideline for public universities to improve the efficiency of funding, reduce costs and increase revenues.
Nonlinear oscillations, chaotic dynamics, and stability analysis of bilayer graphene-like structures
Authors: Acharjee Saumen , Dutta Nimisha , Devi Reeta , Boruah Arindam
Published: January 2023

In this work, we have investigated the nonlinear oscillations and chaotic dynamics of perturbed bilayer graphene-like structures. The potential energy surface (PES) of bilayer graphene-like geometries is obtained by considering interactions of a co-aligned and counter-aligned arrangement of atoms. We studied the dynamics using the Poincaré surface of section for co-aligned hydrofluorinated graphene (HFG) and counter-aligned hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and generalized it for other systems using various choices of interaction parameters. The nature of the oscillations is understood via power spectra and the Lyapunov exponents. We found that the PES is very sensitive to the perturbation for all bilayer graphene-like systems. It is seen that the bilayer HFG system displays chaotic oscillations for strong perturbation, while for the h-BN system, the signature of chaos is found for weak perturbation. We have also generalized the work for perturbed bilayer graphene-like geometries, considering different interlayer interactions and the strength of perturbation. We found a signature of transition from regular to quasiperiodic and finally chaotic oscillations tuned via the strength of the perturbation for these geometries. The nature of the equilibrium points for bilayer graphene-like systems is analyzed via Jacobian stability conditions. We found three stable nodes for co-aligned HFG and counter-aligned h-BN systems for all interaction strengths. Though all other nodes are unstable saddle nodes, the signature of a local bifurcation is also found for weak perturbation.
Douglas–Kroll and infinite order two-component transformations of Dirac–Fock operator
Authors: Inoue Nobuki , Nakajima Takahito
Published: January 2023

We extended the conventional Douglas–Kroll (DK) and infinite order two-component (IOTC) methods to a technique applicable to Fock matrices, called extended DK (EDK) and extended IOTC (EIOTC), respectively. First, we defined a strategy to divide the Dirac–Fock operator into zero- and first-order terms. We then demonstrated that the first-order extended DK transformation, which is the Foldy–Wouthuysen transformation for the zero-order term, as well as the second- and third-order EDK and EIOTC, could be well defined. The EDK- and EIOTC-transformed Fock matrix, kinetic energy operator, nuclear attraction operator, and density matrix were derived. These equations were numerically evaluated, and it was found that these methods were accurate. In particular, EIOTC was consistent with the four-component approach. Four-component and extended two-component calculations are more expensive than non-relativistic calculations due to small-component-type two-electron integrals. We developed a new approximation formula, RIS-V, for small-component-type two-electron integrals, including the spin–orbit interaction between electrons. These results suggest that the RIS-V formula effectively accelerates the four-component and extended two-component methods.
Asymmetry induces critical desynchronization of power grids
Authors: Jaros Patrycja , Levchenko Roman , Kapitaniak Tomasz , Kurths Jürgen , Maistrenko Yuri
Published: January 2023

Dynamical stability of the synchronous regime remains a challenging problem for secure functioning of power grids. Based on the symmetric circular model [Hellmann et al., Nat. Commun. 11, 592 (2020)], we demonstrate that the grid stability can be destroyed by elementary violations (motifs) of the network architecture, such as cutting a connection between any two nodes or removing a generator or a consumer. We describe the mechanism for the cascading failure in each of the damaging case and show that the desynchronization starts with the frequency deviation of the neighboring grid elements followed by the cascading splitting of the others, distant elements, and ending eventually in the bi-modal or a partially desynchronized state. Our findings reveal that symmetric topology underlines stability of the power grids, while local damaging can cause a fatal blackout.
Excitation energies of polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons by double-hybrid functionals: Assessing the PBE0-DH and PBE-QIDH models and their range-separated versions
Authors: Sandoval-Salinas M. E. , Brémond E. , Pérez-Jiménez A. J. , Adamo C. , Sancho-García J. C.
Published: January 2023

A family of non-empirical double-hybrid (DH) density functionals, such as Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (PBE)0-DH, PBE-QIDH, and their range-separated exchange (RSX) versions RSX-0DH and RSX-QIDH, all using Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof(PBE) exchange and correlationfunctionals, is applied here to calculate the excitation energies for increasingly longer linear and cyclic acenes as part of their intense benchmarking for excited states of all types. The energies for the two lowest-lying singlet 1La and 1Lb states of linear oligoacenes as well as the triplet 3La and 3Lb states, are calculated and compared with experimental results. These functionals clearly outperform the results obtained from hybrid functionals and favorably compare with other double-hybrid expressions also tested here, such as B2-PLYP, B2GP-PLYP, ωB2-PLYP, and ωB2GP-PLYP. The study is complemented by the computation of adiabatic S0–T1 singlet-triplet energy difference for linear acenes as well as the extension of the study to strained cyclic oligomers, showing how the family of non-empirical expressions robustly leads to competitive results.