bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MANIFESTATIONS OF THE COVID-19 EPIDEMIC: INSIGHTS FROM A CONTINUOUS RETROSPECTIVE OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus, Bandatskaya Maya I. , Samoilovich Elena O. ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Minsk, Republic of Belarus, Dronina Alina M. ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Minsk, Republic of Belarus, Franchuk Victor V. ,   City Polyclinic No. 28, Minsk, Republic of Belarus, Kazak Larisa G. ,   City Polyclinic No. 28, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Observational evaluations of vaccination effectiveness, particularly cohort studies, are hindered by differences in key characteristics between vaccinated and unvaccinated cohorts, leading to systematic errors. Hence, careful design and consideration of the specific epidemic process in a given setting are essential in assessing vaccination effectiveness. Aim. The study aimed to establish the manifestations of the COVID-19 epidemic process necessary for subsequent evaluation of COVID-19 vaccination efficacy in real-life settings. Materials and Methods. A continuous observational retrospective study was conducted to investigate the structure, dynamics, and COVID-19 morbidity rates of the adult population of Minsk, served by one of the polyclinics, from April 2020 to March 2023, using outpatient medical records (Form 025/u-07). Results. Seven waves of COVID-19 incidence, varying in level and circulating virus variants, were identified over 5-6 month periods. The frequency of recurrent COVID-19 cases was 8.3%, with the highest frequency observed during the 5th wave, coinciding with the arrival of the SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant. Incidence rates of recurrent cases were 6.7 cases per 100 persons per wave, 24% lower than the general population's incidence rate (8.8 cases per 100 persons per wave) (p<0.05). Statistically significant differences in incidence rates between age groups were observed, reaching 14.2 cases per 100 people per year, or 2.6 times higher. Conclusions. When assessing vaccination efficacy in real-life cohort studies, it is advisable to calculate rates separately for each COVID-19 wave. During the fifth and subsequent waves, the risk of COVID-19 development and other outcomes characterizing severity and consequences of infection should be considered. Differences in incidence rates between age groups necessitate stratification of compared groups by age and sex.
CRYOSUPERNATANT PLASMA FRACTION IN COMPLEX TREATMENT OF WIDESPREAD SOFT TISSUE PHLEGMON
Authors:   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia, Tseimakh Evgeny A. , Zinchenko Victor Yu. ,   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia; City Hospital No. 8, Barnaul, Russia, Lavrinenko Olga Yu. ,   City Hospital No. 8, Barnaul, Russia, Kalashnikov Alexander V. ,   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia; City Hospital No. 8, Barnaul, Russia, Shalabod Elena A. ,   City Hospital No. 8, Barnaul, Russia
Published: April 2024

The study aimed to compare the outcomes of treating patients with widespread soft tissue phlegmon complicated by sepsis using cryosupernatant plasma and freshly frozen plasma. A total of 61 sepsis-diagnosed patients were involved in the study, divided into two groups. Group 1 received complex treatment with cryosupernatant plasma (CSNP), while group 2 received fresh frozen plasma (FFP). The use of CSNP in the complex treatment of septic patients, as opposed to FFP, resulted in improved treatment outcomes, reduced progression of multiple organ failure, prevention of thrombotic and thromboembolic complications, decreased mortality, and faster normalization of hemocoagulation and fibrinolysis system indicators.
TRENDS IN BREAST CANCER: A DECADE OF MEDICAL AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS IN NOVOKUZNETSK
Authors:   Novokuznetsk State Institute for Advanced Medical Education – Branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia, Novokuznetsk, Russia, Shramko Svetlana V. , Zhilina Natalya M. ,   Novokuznetsk State Institute for Advanced Medical Education – Branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of Russia, Novokuznetsk, Russia, Dureev Victor N. ,   Kuzbass Clinical Pathology Bureau, Novokuznetsk, Russia, Sabantsev Maksim A. ,   Novokuznetsk City Clinical Hospital No. 1 named after G. P. Kurbatov, Novokuznetsk, Russia
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Breast cancer is a prevalent and socially significant disease affecting the female reproductive system. The incidence of breast cancer continues to rise globally, making early diagnosis crucial for preserving women's life and work capacity. Aim. This study aimed to analyze the incidence of breast cancer in Novokuznetsk city by age from 2011 to 2020 and identify high-risk areas for disease progression. Study Design and Methods. Using the licensed analytical package IBM SPSS Statistics-19 and data from the Kuzbass Clinical Oncological Dispensary, statistical analyses including estimation of median values, quartiles, Kendall's Tau correlation, and Mann-Whitney U test were conducted. Results. The results revealed a statistically significant increase in the absolute and relative (per 100,000 population) rates of breast cancer among female residents of Novokuznetsk from 2011 to 2020. Specifically, women aged 60-64 and 65-69 were identified as high-risk groups for breast cancer. Conclusion. In conclusion, women aged 60-69 are at a higher risk of developing breast cancer, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis for preserving women's health and well-being.
CLINICAL ASPECTS AND RISK FACTORS OF ARTERIAL HYPO- AND HYPERTENSION IN FIRST YEAR MEDICAL STUDENTS
Authors:   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia, Skudarnov Evgeny V. , Lobanov Yury F. ,   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia, Strozenko Lyudmila A. ,   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia, Malyuga Olga M. ,   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia, Dorokhov Nikolai A. ,   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia, Zenchenko Olesya A. ,   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia, Volkova Yulia V. ,   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia, Mikheeva Natalia М. ,   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia, Ponomarev Victor S. ,   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia, Boldenkova Irina Yu. ,   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia
Published: April 2024

Aim. This study aims to analyze objective examination results (blood pressure, heart rate, body weight, height), medical history, and hereditary data to identify risk factors for arterial hypo- and hypertension development among first-year medical students. Additionally, the study seeks to determine indications for health improvement and maintenance. Materials and Methods. A prospective study of 105 first-year students at the Institute of Pediatrics of Altai State Medical University, conducted in September-October 2023, was analyzed. The average age of the students was 17.4±0.5 years. Parameters studied included blood pressure measured by the Korotkoff method, heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and the Kettle index. The results of a voluntary questionnaire survey were also analyzed, considering gender, body weight, height, hereditary cardiovascular diseases, habits, sleep duration, associated diseases, and specific complaints. Results. In the total group of surveyed students, female students predominated at 78%. Approximately 33.3% of students exhibited either increased or decreased blood pressure, with every fourth female student experiencing decreased blood pressure. Risk factors for arterial hypo- and hypertension included aggravated heredity for arterial hypertension in over 50% of the examined students, excessive body weight in 16.2% of students, sleep and rest disorders in one-third of the examined, and concomitant somatic diseases in some students. Conclusion. The study identified blood pressure changes in 33.3% of the 105 first-year students, with 14.3% exhibiting elevated blood pressure and every fourth female student experiencing low blood pressure. The findings highlight the relevance of arterial hypertension among students and support the need for preventive methods to address cardiovascular pathology. Additionally, a high percentage of aggravated heredity for arterial hypertension was observed, emphasizing the significance of this risk factor. Arterial hypertension was statistically more prevalent in students with aggravated heredity and/or excessive body weight, particularly obesity of degree I or II (16.2% and 8.6%, respectively).
OPISTHORCHIASIS MORBIDITY IN ALTAI KRAI: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS (2011-2022)
Authors:   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia, Safyanova Tatyana V. , Lukyanenko Natalya V. ,   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia, Safronova Arina E. ,   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia, Rekhtina Ekaterina A. ,   Altai State Medical University, Barnaul, Russia, Cherkashina Elena N. ,   Office of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare in Altai Krai, Barnaul, Russia, Kalinina Ulyana V. ,   Office of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare in Altai Krai, Barnaul, Russia
Published: April 2024

Introduction. Currently, opisthorchiasis presents a pressing and socially significant challenge in practical healthcare. Among biohelminthiasis, opisthorchiasis holds the highest incidence and significantly impacts population health. Aim. This study aims to conduct a retrospective epidemiological analysis of opisthorchiasis incidence in the Altai Krai (AK) from 2011 to 2022. Materials and Methods. The study utilized statistical form No. 2 of the Federal State Statistical Observation "Information on infectious and parasitic diseases" for 2011-2022. Intensive and extensive indicators were calculated, along with the arithmetic mean (X) and standard error of the mean (m). Statistical analysis was performed using the Microsoft Excel program. The mapping method was employed to identify spatial patterns, correlations, and combinations of geographically expressed phenomena. Results. Between 2011 and 2022, there was a notable trend towards a 2-fold decrease in opisthorchiasis morbidity in the Altai region, with rates dropping from 54.44±1.500/0000 to 29.85±0.900/0000. This decrease, while significant, still represented an 8.5% excess compared to the Russian Federation. However, in 2022, there was a concerning spike in morbidity, which was 2.3 times higher than the levels seen in the period of 2020-2021. This increase could potentially be linked to reduced healthcare-seeking behavior due to the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic. The highest rates of infection were observed among the adult population and children aged 7 to 17 years, averaging at 39.63±4.200/0000. Urban areas showed a striking 64.9% excess in opisthorchiasis morbidity compared to rural regions. Specifically, twelve administrative districts, along with the cities of Barnaul and Belokurikha, stood out with rates exceeding 74.600/0000. This heightened prevalence was attributed to their proximity to the Ob River and water bodies hosting carp fish species infected with opisthorchis larvae, with an average long-term infection rate of 7.2%. Conclusions. The endemic nature of opisthorchiasis in the Altai region, centered around the Ob River, combined with the significant infection levels in carp fish consumed by the local population, underscores the urgent need for enhanced epidemiological surveillance. Utilizing modern mathematical data processing techniques is crucial to bolster the efficacy of therapeutic, diagnostic, and preventive measures against this parasitic invasion.
The contribution of universities to the production of basic scientific knowledge in Russia
Authors: Lovakova A. V. , Panova A. A.
Published: April 2024

Modern Russia inherited the Soviet scientific system, in which the university sector was rather weakly involved in research activities. However, by now the situation has changed significantly. The Russian government has actively stimulated the development of science in universities. It is shown in this article that the contribution of the university sector to the production of scientific knowledge has grown significantly and is already comparable with the contribution of the research sector in a number of indicators. The results of scientific research in both sectors—university and research—are published in journals of a comparable level, and the levels of citation of these publications are also comparable. Note that in economics, psychology and psychiatry, and social sciences, the university sector dominates. In addition, researchers from universities are more involved in international scientific collaboration. However, the sector itself is heterogeneous. Its main scientific achievements are related to the results obtained in leading research universities.
The first expedition of the Academy of Sciences: the journey of Ludovic Delisle de la Croyere to the city of Arkhangel'sk and Russian Lapland in 1727−1730
Authors: Petrovskii M. N.
Published: April 2024

The article is devoted to the history of the first astronomical and geographical expedition (April 9, 1727–February 18, 1730), organized by the Academy of Sciences and Arts in St. Petersburg and sent to the city of Arkhangel'sk (the future Arkhangel'sk received this official name in 1613) and the Russian Lapland. All work was supervised by the extraordinary professor of astronomy Louis Delisle de la Croyère (1687–1741). For the first time in the history of Russia, the latitudes of 14 settlements in the country and the longitude of Arkhangel'sk were determined using astronomical methods. In April–May 1728, Croyère was the first in the world to conduct gravimetric studies so far to the north. For three years, he conducted systematic observations of the meridional altitudes of the Sun and stars from the list of J.-N. Delisle, refraction of solar rays and northern lights, and the behavior of the magnetic needle, as well as meteorological observations.
The strategy of low-carbon development of Russia and the role of forests in its implementation
Authors: Ptichnikov A. V. , Schwartz E. A. , Popova G. A. , Baibar A. S.
Published: April 2024

The article analyzes the role of increasing greenhouse gas absorption in the Land Use, Land Use Change, Forestry (LULUCF) sector to achieve carbon neutrality in Russia. Recommendations are given for improving the text of the “Strategy for the socioeconomic development of the Russian Federation with low greenhouse gas emissions until 2050” (LCDS). The interest of the business community in investing in climate projects in LULUCF, especially in forest climate projects, is shown. The latest changes in legal regulation are presented, opening up the possibility of increasing the return on investment in forest climate projects, and a detailed analysis of the content of the operational plan for the implementation of the LCDS in the LULUCF sector (LCDS OP) is carried out. A prospective assessment of the balance of greenhouse gases in Russian forests in 2050 is given, assuming a constant volume of logging and the area of burned areas. The ratio of public and private investment in the implementation of activities and climate projects in LULUCF proposed in the LCDS OP was calculated (4: 1), which indicates an unjustified bias in the direction of public financing. The authors justify the need for significant refinement of the LCDS OP and continuation of work to find an optimal scenario for decarbonization of the Russian Federation using the LULUCF potential.
Canon Law Aspects of the Office of Provincial Superior in a Religious Institute: A Look at the Law of the Order of Preachers
Authors: Przytulski Mateusz
Published: April 2024

The study presents the office of provincial superior, starting with ordinaries and major superiors of religious orders. The office of prior provincial is characterised here on the basis of the law of the Order of Preachers (Dominicans). The following topics are covered: the relationship between the prior provincial and the ordinary of the place, authority in the Dominican Order, the basic powers of the prior provincial, requirements for a prior provincial candidate, and the functioning of the provincial during the provincial chapter.
A Concept from Sensor to Sustainability in Machining – An Interdisciplinary Approach over a Wide TRL Range
Authors: Ståhl Jan-Eric , Mikkelsen Anders , Lenrick Filip , Sandsten Maria , Alm Anna-Karin , Windmark Christina
Published: April 2024

This publication describes a concept that intends to enable an optimization of machining with regard to the balance between criteria related to technology, economy and sustainability. The work is of a discussion nature and intends to provide a framework for further research and development in the area. Previous research and development during the 80’s and 90’s is presented in general terms and in particular the reasons for its limited success in providing real-time feedback on machining operations are highlighted, despite very large financial investments even by today’s standards. Ongoing research worldwide in current process optimization and its associated building blocks will be highlighted, and identified important work is referenced. Below are new conditions that can be linked to both process knowledge and its modeling, as well as new conditions for developing integrated sensors that can handle the extreme environment in and around a processing operation. A previous limiting factor has been signal processing and signal transmission, which with new knowledge and developed technology in the last 10 years provides new conditions for process optimization in real time.The need for new and up-to-date principles for process optimization, which also integrate sustainability issues and environmental impact, has increased in importance in several respects. Important issues such as tool utilization, efficient use of materials and high time utilization have become relevant as these process results control both energy consumption and environmental impact. The geopolitical development linked to the availability of critical tool materials such as cobalt and tungsten also drives research issues that can generally optimize and streamline production processes.Finally, the publication describes the possibility of realizing a real-time feedback and optimized machining that takes into account technology, economy and sustainability, through interdisciplinary research across several levels of technology readiness (TRL). The results are expected to have positive effects on several production factors before, during and after machining. Developed technologies in machining can also make valuable contributions to the development of other products and production processes.
Navigating Production Automation as a Service: Unveiling Drivers, Benefits, and Challenges in Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Chirumalla Koteshwar , Ali Jalil Hassanin , Behnam Moris
Published: April 2024

The integration of production automation drives innovation in manufacturing by enhancing efficiency, quality, and cost reduction. However, the capital requirements of conventional automation solutions hinder many manufacturing companies. Production Automation as a Service (PAaaS) emerges as a cost-effective alternative, offering improved flexibility and efficiency. Yet, adopting PAaaS faces challenges: a lack of expertise, awareness, and cultural resistance. This study explores PAaaS implementation in manufacturing, identifying its specific needs and challenges. Qualitative research across ten diverse manufacturing companies reveals two key drivers: technological advancement and evolving business models. It highlights four primary benefits—cost-effectiveness, flexibility, efficiency, and product quality. Simultaneously, it addresses five significant challenges—legacy system integration, cybersecurity, internet dependency, expertise gaps, and downtime risks. To aid early decision-making, the study proposes a framework covering drivers, benefits, challenges, and suitable strategies. This study contributes to the ongoing discussion on smart production and automation development by focusing on business model innovation and the pay-as-a-service approach.
Paradoxes in the Digital Transformation of Production Systems
Authors: Ahlskog Mats , Granlund Anna , Badasjane Viktorija , Sauter Barrett
Published: April 2024

Digital transformation of production systems is a challenging task that demands radical responses from existing organizations. During the digital transformation of productions systems tensions occur that need to be managed and the purpose of this paper is to identify paradoxes in the digital transformation of production systems. Paradox theory has been applied as an analytical framework when identifying digital transformation paradoxes and tensions. A case study has been conducted and two manufacturing companies’ digitalization projects have been studied and analyzed in combination with data from workshops around digital transformation. The results were mapped into four types of paradoxes: organizing, performing, belonging, and learning. We conclude that the identified tensions are intertwined, and a major tension is the degree of standardization of technologies (standardization vs customization) and a more agile way of working (learning by doing vs learning before) doing is a trend within the digital transformation of production system. Our findings are relevant to operations managers and others interested in tensions during the digital transformation of production systems.
Anomaly Detection in Optical Monitoring of Laser Beam Welding
Authors: Nilsen Morgan
Published: April 2024

Robotized laser beam welding is one important process in manufacturing, offering efficient welding while minimizing the heat input. Nonetheless, this method is sensitive to various deviations, including fixture problems, heat-induced distortions, and inaccuracies in tool handling. Such deviations can lead to significant defects like lack of fusion, particularly when welding square butt joints without gaps. Detecting these defects through visual inspection or non-destructive methods is challenging. To address this, real-time monitoring and automatic intervention are necessary. One effective sensor for monitoring laser beam welding is the photodiode, which captures optical emissions from the process. Research has demonstrated correlations between these emissions and process stability. Photodiodes are cost-effective and easily integrated into welding tools, making them ideal for industrial applications. However, the challenge lies in analyzing the output signals and defining thresholds for identifying deviations from normal conditions. Thus, there’s a need for an automated method to set threshold values based on measured data. Machine learning offers a solution, particularly through supervised, unsupervised, or semi-supervised methods. Supervised machine learning requires labeled data, involving time-consuming experiments with nominal and deviating cases, making it less feasible for industrial setups. This paper suggests using unsupervised learning for anomaly detection, relying solely on data from nominal welding cases for model training. In this approach, a model is trained using photodiode data from a single nominal weld case and subsequently tested on data collected during experiments involving laser beam offsets during welding. The results demonstrate the promise of this method for monitoring closed square butt-joint laser beam welding, even with limited training data from nominal cases.
Sources of Complexity in the Development of Digital Twins in Manufacturing
Authors: Sanchez de Ocaña Adrian , Bruch Jessica , Aslanidou Ioanna
Published: April 2024

Digital twins have emerged as a critical technology to enable smart production. Digital twins can enhance the current production system by optimizing the current setup and facilitating decision-making based on facts rather than gut feeling. Despite the numerous benefits explored, digital twins have faced many challenges in developing and implementing production systems. Their complexity is causing a lack of digital twin implementations in the production system. This complexity can be traced back to physical and virtual entities and the digital twin development process. By conducting a case study in a global manufacturing company, this publication explores the sources of complexity when developing digital twins. The findings are organized around the digital twin development steps and their corresponding complexity. The number of different types of entities being modeled, the choice of the modeling approach, modeling low-frequency events, emergent phenomena, and the unpredictability and variability of the manufacturing process are all examples of structural and dynamic complexity that have been found to impede success in digital twin applications. This research has implications for managers who are involved in the development of digital twins in their organizations. It can help with methodological guidance when dealing with an undefined and complicated process of digital twin development.
Digitalization of Work Instructions in Production Plant
Authors: Garg Gaurav , Andersson Roy , Caporuscio Mauro
Published: April 2024

Digitization of the manufacturing and assembly sector is important to set up Industry 4.0. In this process, one of the key factors is the channel of sharing and distributing information on the shop floor. This study highlights the implementation of digital work instructions in the manufacturing and assembly sectors and finds the benefits that it could bring to the industry. The study was conducted in a large production plant with over five hundred workers in Malaysia and was carried out for almost a year. Whereas, most of the existing studies have been conducted in a controlled environment with a group of inexperienced workers in manufacturing and assembly tasks. In this article, the benefits and challenges of digital work instructions are studied over paper-based textual representation of assembly instructions. The study was conducted among groups of people with different roles, such as electrical assembly, mechanical assembly, and final quality check. The qualitative analysis is carried out based on the survey conducted among operators with different roles. Results show that digitalization eases the work for the quality inspection group. In contrast, people with other tasks are either neutral or find it more difficult to work with digitalized versions over paper-based instructions. In addition to this, some data-driven facts are presented, which help in improving the plant operations. This includes recording material shortages, optimizing working hours, and having real-time updates on production status which leads to effective production planning. At last, with the collected information, manufacturing plants can also optimize power utilization that impacts the environment in a positive direction.
The Interplay Between BIM Implementation Level and Perceived Benefits: Insights from Industry Practitioners
Authors: Gharaibeh Lina , Lantz Björn , Jaradat Mais , Eriksson Kristina
Published: April 2024

This research delves into the tangible economic impact of Building Information Modelling within the Swedish construction industry, with a particular focus on exploring the relationships among the level of BIM implementation, company size, and the perceived benefits derived from BIM. The study’s methodology involved conducting a questionnaire survey, from which a dataset of 128 responses was collected for comprehensive analysis. The study’s findings challenge prevailing assumptions by suggesting that the size of a company does not necessarily dictate its likelihood of implementing BIM. This contradicts earlier notions that larger companies have a more significant propensity for BIM adoption. Additionally, the research uncovers a positive correlation between higher levels of BIM implementation and the realization of greater benefits. This correlation underscores the potential of BIM in significantly enhancing construction project outcomes. By bridging empirical insights from industry professionals and a robust questionnaire survey, this study provides valuable contributions to the understanding of how BIM can improve performance in the construction sector. These results emphasize the importance of considering BIM’s potential benefits beyond the scope of company size and offer fresh perspectives on the dynamics between BIM implementation and perceived advantages in the construction project context.
Diagnostics of Opportunities – A Dialogue Tool for Addressing Digital Factory Maturity
Authors: Ericson Öberg Anna , Goncalves Machado Carla , Stålberg Lina
Published: April 2024

For over 15 years, the concept of Industry 4.0, now transitioning into Industry 5.0, has been a focal point for the manufacturing sector. Yet, the success of companies in embracing digital transformation varies. There are numerous models and assessment tools for assessing digital readiness and maturity. Several models have been developed over the years, but firms also realize no “one-size-fits-all” exists when testing them. Previous studies show that firms must take charge of their own digital transformation (DT) journey to find a path that suits their specific needs.This qualitative paper is driven by a case study supported by a within-case analysis conducted with a heavy-machine industry with fourteen production plants worldwide – data collected from 2020 to 2023.Volvo Construction Equipment (Volvo CE), created Factory 4 Tomorrow (F4T) to address Industry 4.0. The central challenge for the F4T initiative was how to facilitate an inside-outside approach to identify an inclusive maturity model that emphasizes learning and collaboration. A diagnostic of opportunities model was created to aid the organisation’s transformation journey. It aimed to support all plants by evaluating their maturity in digital transformation, identifying gaps, and support in prioritising. Unlike traditional models that assess and compare plant levels, this model aimed to foster awareness and alignment, establishing a shared language. Thus, a unique model was explicitly crafted for the firm. The process of developing the model itself enhanced awareness and alignment. Therefore, this paper explores the development process - failures and successes - to compile a digital transformation maturity model tailor-made to a firm’s needs and goals. The objective is to offer comprehensive advice for firms to implement DT initiatives effectively in a way that suits them.
Verschränkungen sicherheitsorientierter und (sozial)pädagogischer Zugänge und Arbeitsweisen in der Prävention islamistischer Radikalisierung
Authors: von Lautz Yannick , Bösing Eike , Kart Mehmet , Stein Margit
Published: April 2024

Die professionelle Auseinandersetzung mit islamistischer Radikalisierung bewegt sich in einem Spannungsfeld zwischen Sicherheitserwägungen und sozialpädagogischer Unterstützung. Während verschiedene sicherheitsbehördliche Akteur*innen vor allem auf die Gefahrenabwehr und den Schutz der Gesellschaft fokussieren, zielen sozialpädagogische Angebote insbesondere auf die Stärkung von Handlungsfähigkeit und (Re-)Integration der Klientel. Auf Grundlage einer qualitativen Interviewstudie mit Expert*innen des Handlungsfeldes werden die Verschränkungen und Kontrastierungen der institutionellen Strukturen und die daraus resultierenden Perspektiven auf die Fallarbeit und Koordination betrachtet sowie die damit zusammenhängenden Herausforderungen in der Kooperation der verschiedenen Akteur*innen analysiert. Sowohl sicherheitsbehördliches als auch zivilgesellschaftliches Handeln stellen notwendige Aspekte der Auseinandersetzung mit islamistischer Radikalisierung dar. Die Auswertung zeigt, dass sich auszuhandelnde Konflikte ergeben, die unter anderem Fragen nach gleichwertiger Anerkennung der jeweiligen Problemdeutungen und Handlungslogiken sowie den Umgang mit Daten betreffen. Die vorliegende Analyse verdeutlicht dabei, dass klare Trennlinien der Interventionsebenen sowohl die Akteur*innen der Sozialen Arbeit als auch die Sicherheitsbehörden in einer zielorientierten Wahrnehmung ihrer originären Aufgaben stärken können.
Effect of Fixed Position on Critical Performance of Aortic Valve in Vitro Testing
Authors: Sun Jianjun , Lu Wenbo , Zhang Qing , Guo Xinxia , Ma Ning , Liu Lili , Zhang Lei , Yang Jing
Published: April 2024

Objective — To determine the optimal fixation position by studying the effect of valve and valve fixation position on the key performance during in vitro hydrodynamic testing. Methods — Two self-expanding transcatheter aortic valves were fixed in three different ring positions, tested according to ISO 5840 standard method, and the key performance results were compared and analyzed. Results — When the fixed position of valve and valve ring was aligned with the bottom edge, the mean arterial pressure and regurgitant fraction were the smallest and the effective orifice area was larger. Conclusion — The fixed position of the valve and valve ring has a certain influence on the key performance of the hydrodynamic testing during in vitro testing. The lower fixed position will lead to the smaller effective orifice area. The higher fixed position will lead to the higher regurgitant fraction. Therefore, the optimal fixed position should be determined before the in vitro testing of the aortic valve.
Lifestyle in Breast Care and Evaluation of Health Education Effects
Authors: Xiao Minhua , Qi Mengmeng
Published: April 2024

This paper discusses the effect evaluation of lifestyle and health education in breast care. It emphasized the importance of health education in improving patient quality of life, reducing complications, improving the ability to perform activities of daily living, and relieving patient negative emotions and improving functional exercise compliance. The implementation methods of health education are introduced in detail, including the systematic health education plan, the application of the causal real cause introduction of health education promotion activities, and the effect of continuous health education. Lifestyle adjustments were discussed, including healthy eating habits, regular exercise, wearing suitable underwear, etc. The importance of psychological and social support, including the reduction of psychological stress, improving endocrine function and the effects of peer supportive health education. Finally, the readability of the breast cancer-related health education materials was assessed. These strategies and methods help to improve individual health awareness and behavior and promote health level.
The Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training and Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Body Mass Index and Cardiopulmonary Function in Obese College Students
Authors: He Huiting , Song Ziyu
Published: April 2024

Objective: To observe the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on body mass index (BMI) and cardiopulmonary function in obese college students.Methods: Fifty obese students from the first to third year of our university were randomly selected to participate in this study and were randomly divided into two groups, with 25 students in each group participating in different training programs. The groups were divided into HIIT and MICT groups, respectively, and they participated in high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training for 3 months. Before and after the different interventions, the average BMI, vital capacity, and resting heart rate were measured.Results: There was no significant difference in BMI measurements between the two groups of obese college students before the intervention (P>0.05). Before and after the intervention, both groups showed a significant decrease in average BMI compared to before the intervention (P<0.05). After the intervention, the average BMI of the MICT group was significantly lower than that of the HIIT group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in vital capacity and resting heart rate measurements between the two groups of obese college students before the intervention (P>0.05). After different interventions, both groups showed a significant increase in average vital capacity and a significant decrease in average resting heart rate compared to before the intervention (P<0.05). After the intervention, the average resting heart rate of the MICT group was significantly lower than that of the HIIT group (P<0.05).Conclusion: Both high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training can significantly improve BMI and cardiopulmonary function in obese college students, with moderate-intensity continuous training having certain advantages in improving BMI and resting heart rate.
Research Progress on Elderly Coronary Heart Disease with Frailty
Authors: Hu Junpei , Teng Jianhui , Liang Lihui
Published: April 2024

Coronary heart disease and frailty are age-related diseases that mainly occur in middle-aged and older people. The prevalence of frailty in elderly patients with coronary heart disease is about 21%-35%. The harm of senile coronary heart disease combined with frailty is mainly manifested in the increase of sensitiveness and vulnerability, coexistence of multiple diseases, hospitalization rate, mortality, and adverse outcomes. It is essential to explore the underlying mechanisms, identify the risk factors, and evaluate the degree of frailty in a multidimensional way for personalized treatment strategies, preventing or reversing the progression of frailty and improving patients' quality of life. This article mainly studies the related research progress of stable coronary heart disease with frailty.
Intrinsic Mechanisms of Facial Expression Recognition Defects in Children with Autism
Authors: Guo Dawei , Qiu Zhangna
Published: April 2024

The difficulty of facial expression recognition in autistic children mainly includes the inability to accurately understand the emotions and intentions of others, and shows the lack of facial expression response in social interaction. This defect has caused problems with their adaptation and understanding of others in social communication. Multiple hypotheses have been proposed about the intrinsic mechanism of facial expression recognition defects in children with autism. Children with autism may lack the development of psychological theory, causing them to correctly interpret and understand facial expressions with emotional[1]. Neurobiological factors may influence the areas of facial expression processing in the brain of autistic children, leading to their abnormalities in the transmission of neural circuits. In addition, children with autism may have abnormalities in brain function, making it difficult for them to effectively process and interpret information about facial expressions. Therefore, it is very important to further investigate the intrinsic mechanism of facial expression recognition defects in autistic children and the development of related treatments, which can help to improve the social communication ability and improve their quality of life of autistic children.
Progress in Pathogenesis of Pancreatitis with Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Hu Xiaoxue , Zhou Fachun
Published: April 2024

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common gastrointestinal disease. About 20% of patients with acute pancreatitis develop severe acute pancreatitis, often with multiple organ dysfunction and poor prognosis. In the process, about 10% of patients develop acute renal injury (AKI). Acute renal injury (AKI) is a major complication of severe pancreatitis with a case fatality rate of up to 75%. AP associated AKI (AP-AKI) has both common and significant differences from other AKIs associated with intensive care. Although its pathogenesis is not clear, systemic and regional inflammatory responses play a key role. Early detection, early and effective support and pathogen treatment can significantly improve the results.
Efficacy of levilimab for prevention of hospitalizations in the outpatients with COVID-19
Authors: Nizhenko T.N. , Sizova Zh.M. , Drozdov V.N. , Shikh E.V.
Published: April 2024

To evaluate the efficacy of early administration of levilimab for prevention of hospitalizations in outpatients with COVID-19.
The Investigative Study on Ayurveda Management and Preventive Measures for the Impact of Covid-19 among Elderly People
Authors:   Faculty of Indigenous Medicine, Gamapaha Wickramarachchi University of Indigenous Medicine, Sri Lanka, U.M.K Chathurangani , H.A.R.P Perera ,   Faculty of Indigenous Medicine, Gamapaha Wickramarachchi University of Indigenous Medicine, Sri Lanka
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Elderly people were most at risk of death from pandemics. There were more health and care facilities and preventive measures to the impact of COVID-19. Due to the rapid increase in mortality among elders, this literature review was done to reveal the management methods mentioned in Ayurveda regarding the prevention of COVID-19. And other criteria were how to correlate the Janapadodhwansha with pandemics and COVID-19, pandemic preventive measures for the elderly, clinical management of pandemics, and the suitable management to be taken after the infection. Data collection for the research was done as a literature review with authentic Ayurveda texts and 36 research articles published from 2010 to 2022. Electronic databases were used to review the related published works. According to the Ayurveda, Dinacharya, Rithucharya, Sadvritta, and Achara Rasayana inculcate discipline in a person and make righteous health habits. As a therapeutic measure, enhancing Vyadhikshamathwa is the main point of managing pandemic diseases in Ayurveda. Especially elderly people can be protected by using Rasāyana karma, Ojōwardhaka therapy, Vājikarana therapy, Lēhana karma, and yoga. Vayasthapana treatments are taken specially for increasing immunity and nourishment. Shōdhana treatments can be used to prevent the recurrence of the diseases in elderly people. It can be concluded from the review that the behavioral patterns, dietary regimens, and medications in Ayurveda can prevent COVID-19 among elderly people. Keywords: Elder people, pandemics, covid 19, Ayurveda management
Role of Ayurveda Basthi Karma (Enema) As A Geriatric Health Promotive Treatment (A Preliminary Review)
Authors:   University College of Kuliyapitiya, University of Vocational Technology, Sri Lanka, B.W.A.S Gunarathna , H.A.R.P Perera ,   Gampaha Wickramarachchi University of Indigenous Medicine, Yakkala, Sri Lanka, D.M.A.C.E Dissanayaka ,   Gampaha Wickramarachchi University of Indigenous Medicine, Yakkala, Sri Lanka
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Aging is a physiological phenomenon associated with the gradual decline of multisystem function at the cellular level. Musculoskeletal and neurological disorders are the most common conditions among the geriatric age group due to degenerative changes. According to Ayurveda, Vata dosha is the most prominent dosha in old age, and vitiation of Vata is the main causative factor for most disorders in the geriatric age. Ayurveda emphasizes a set of five therapies, probably for detoxification, purification, and rejuvenation purposes, known as Panchakarma. Among all five unique therapies, Basti karma (enema) is the most effective treatment for pacifying the vitiated Vata dosha (principle of movements). Basti karma means the medicated oil or herbal decoction is administered through the anal route. According to world statistics, by the year 2030, one in six people in the world will be aged 60 years or older; thereby, most people in old age should have access to better health care to maintain their physical, mental, and spiritual well-being. Hence, this study aimed to find the effect of Basti karma (enema) on managing common geriatric disorders through literature sources. According to the conclusions of the review, it is emphasized that Basti treatment acts more effectively in the management of a range of geriatric disorders through a balancing of specific doshas, and further, due to the broader therapeutic actions of Basti treatment, it acts as a rejuvenative, curative, and preventive therapy to improve the quality of life of the geriatric population. Keywords: Basti karma, Geriatrics, Ayurveda, Panchakarma, Vata dosha
Los tiempos de Dios
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Valencia Valencia José Luis
Published: April 2024

¿Pueden estar equivocados los designios y los tiempos divinos? Las historias de José Luis Valencia parecen todo, menos ficciones. Crónicas que hacen evidente la importancia que tiene un abrir y cerrar de ojos en nuestra vida y que nos enfrentan a nuestra vulnerabilidad humana. En los ocho relatos de este libro habitan la ternura, el miedo, el azar, la muerte y la esperanza. Los tiempos de Dios fue galardonado en el Concurso Nacional de Cuento Juan José Arreola 2020 por mantener una tensión sin concesiones alrededor de la violencia, un tema que logra tratar sin puntos de vista condescendientes.
La compañía de las liendres
Authors:   Universidad de Guadalajara, Acuña González Pedro Jafet
Published: April 2024

La compañía de las liendres permite asomarnos a un mundo paralelo cuya existencia roza con la cotidianidad; personajes que exhiben su humanidad en situaciones terribles; que de un recuerdo despiertan a criaturas marinas; que a partir de un viaje a la ciudad confrontan sus hábitos alimenticios; que al amar a una mujer dejan entrar a miles a su cama; y en cada caso, se enfrentan a su estilo de vida, a sus creencias y a lo que comerían para sobrevivir. Las palabras que guarda este libro resonarán en el lector por días, hurgando en lo profundo de sus ideas en busca de un sitio para habitar y poner huevecillos.
Pengaruh Kualitas Produk dan Penetapan Harga Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Pada Distro Kaos Miko Dumai
Authors: Dewi Julia Wana , Sutrisna Endang
Published: April 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui serta menilai bagaimana kualitas produk dan biaya berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian pelanggan T-Shirt Distro Miko Dumai. Statistik deskriptif dan kuantitatif digunakan sebagai metodologi penelitian dalam penelitian ini. Kuesioner yang berjumlah 26 pernyataan digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data, dan metode Accidental Sampling digunakan untuk mengambil sampel sejumlah 100 responden. Data penelitian yang dikumpulkan pada kuesioner diukur menggunakan skala Likert, dan analisis data serta evaluasi hipotesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan SPSS 26. Kualitas produk (X1) memiliki pengaruh yang baik serta cukup besar terhadap keputusan pembelian, selain harga (X2), menurut hasil uji studi. Kualitas produk (X1) dan harga (X2) mempunyai korelasi kuat dan positif bersamaan.