bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Internal state affects local neuron function in an early sensory processing center to shape olfactory behavior in Drosophila larvae
Authors: Odell Seth R. , Clark David , Zito Nicholas , Jain Roshni , Gong Hui , Warnock Kendall , Carrion-Lopez Ricardo , Maixner Coral , Prieto-Godino Lucia , Mathew Dennis
Published: September 2022

Crawling insects, when starved, tend to have fewer head wavings and travel in straighter tracks in search of food. We used the Drosophila melanogaster larva to investigate whether this flexibility in the insect’s navigation strategy arises during early olfactory processing and, if so, how. We demonstrate a critical role for Keystone-LN, an inhibitory local neuron in the antennal lobe, in implementing head-sweep behavior. Keystone-LN responds to odor stimuli, and its inhibitory output is required for a larva to successfully navigate attractive and aversive odor gradients. We show that insulin signaling in Keystone-LN likely mediates the starvation-dependent changes in head-sweep magnitude, shaping the larva’s odor-guided movement. Our findings demonstrate how flexibility in an insect’s navigation strategy can arise from context-dependent modulation of inhibitory neurons in an early sensory processing center. They raise new questions about modulating a circuit’s inhibitory output to implement changes in a goal-directed movement.
Effect of fermented rapeseed meal in the mixture for growing pigs on the gastrointestinal tract, antioxidant status, and immune response
Authors: Czech Anna , Nowakowicz-Debek Bożena , Łukaszewicz Marcin , Florek Mariusz , Ossowski Mateusz , Wlazło Łukasz
Published: September 2022

The ban on the use of zinc oxide has increased interest in probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics and organic acids, as well as fermented components in the diet of weaned piglets. This study assessed the effect of 8% fermented rapeseed meal in weaner diets on characteristics of the gastrointestinal tract, the small intestinal microbiota, and immune and antioxidant status. The effects were determined by measuring biochemical and haematological blood parameters, levels of class G, A and M immunoglobulins and IL-6, and the antioxidant potential of the plasma. After slaughter, the gastrointestinal tract was measured, the viscosity of the digesta was determined, and microbiological tests were performed. The results showed that the fermented component reduced the viscosity of the digesta and the length of segments of the gastrointestinal tract. It caused a statistically significant increase in lactic acid bacteria and a decrease in total bacteria. The haematological and biochemical analyses of the blood confirmed the biological activity of the fermented component. Pigs from group FR had significantly higher haemoglobin levels (p = 0.001), RBC count (p = 0.015), and haematocrit (Ht) value (p < 0.001) than the control animals. A diet including 8% rapeseed meal fermented usingBacillus subtilisstrain 87Y benefits gastrointestinal function by stabilizing and improving the function of the bacterial microbiota, inhibiting growth of certain pathogens, and strengthening immunity.
A magnetic antibody-conjugated nano-system for selective delivery of Ca(OH)2 and taxotere in ovarian cancer cells
Authors: Taheri-Ledari Reza , Zolfaghari Ehsan , Zarei-Shokat Simindokht , Kashtiaray Amir , Maleki Ali
Published: September 2022

An efficient strategy for cancer therapy is presented, in which a tumor mass is initially pretreated with calcium hydroxide, then treated with Taxotere (TXT). In this regard, an advanced delivery system based on iron oxide nanoparticles has been designed. The surface of nanoparticles was functionalized with sortilin (SORT-1, a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody) that specifically encodes caov-4 ovarian cancerous cells. Plasmonic heating of the incorporated gold nanoparticles in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has been exploited to control the release process of TXT. The in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo experiments have exhibited high efficacy of a seven-day pretreatment by Ca(OH)2 plus 14 days treatment program by Ca(OH)2@Fe3O4/PVA/Au-SORT nano-therapeutics, where more penetration ratio resulted in tumor growth inhibition by ca. 78.3%. As a result, due to showing high values of the anti-tumor properties and biosafety, the presented pretreatment strategy is suggested for more effective treatment on the aged tumors.
A Hidden Markov Model reveals magnetoencephalography spectral frequency-specific abnormalities of brain state power and phase-coupling in neuropathic pain
Authors: Fauchon Camille , Kim Junseok A. , El-Sayed Rima , Osborne Natalie R. , Rogachov Anton , Cheng Joshua C. , Hemington Kasey S. , Bosma Rachael L. , Dunkley Benjamin T. , Oh Jiwon , Bhatia Anuj , Inman Robert D. , Davis Karen Deborah
Published: September 2022

Neuronal populations in the brain are engaged in a temporally coordinated manner at rest. Here we show that spontaneous transitions between large-scale resting-state networks are altered in chronic neuropathic pain. We applied an approach based on the Hidden Markov Model to magnetoencephalography data to describe how the brain moves from one activity state to another. This identified 12 fast transient (~80 ms) brain states including the sensorimotor, ascending nociceptive pathway, salience, visual, and default mode networks. Compared to healthy controls, we found that people with neuropathic pain exhibited abnormal alpha power in the right ascending nociceptive pathway state, but higher power and coherence in the sensorimotor network state in the beta band, and shorter time intervals between visits of the sensorimotor network, indicating more active time in this state. Conversely, the neuropathic pain group showed lower coherence and spent less time in the frontal attentional state. Therefore, this study reveals a temporal imbalance and dysregulation of spectral frequency-specific brain microstates in patients with neuropathic pain. These findings can potentially impact the development of a mechanism-based therapeutic approach by identifying brain targets to stimulate using neuromodulation to modify abnormal activity and to restore effective neuronal synchrony between brain states.
Activation of neural lineage networks and ARHGEF2 in enzalutamide-resistant and neuroendocrine prostate cancer and association with patient outcomes
Authors: Ning Shu , Zhao Jinge , Lombard Alan P. , D’Abronzo Leandro S. , Leslie Amy R. , Sharifi Masuda , Lou Wei , Liu Chengfei , Yang Joy C. , Evans Christopher P. , Corey Eva , Chen Hong-Wu , Yu Aiming , Ghosh Paramita M. , Gao Allen C.
Published: September 2022

Background

Treatment-emergent neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) after androgen receptor (AR) targeted therapies is an aggressive variant of prostate cancer with an unfavorable prognosis. The underlying mechanisms for early neuroendocrine differentiation are poorly defined and diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are needed.

Methods

We performed transcriptomic analysis on the enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer cell line C4-2B MDVR and NEPC patient databases to identify neural lineage signature (NLS) genes. Correlation of NLS genes with clinicopathologic features was determined. Cell viability was determined in C4-2B MDVR and H660 cells after knocking down ARHGEF2 using siRNA. Organoid viability of patient-derived xenografts was measured after knocking down ARHGEF2.

Results

We identify a 95-gene NLS representing the molecular landscape of neural precursor cell proliferation, embryonic stem cell pluripotency, and neural stem cell differentiation, which may indicate an early or intermediate stage of neuroendocrine differentiation. These NLS genes positively correlate with conventional neuroendocrine markers such as chromogranin and synaptophysin, and negatively correlate with AR and AR target genes in advanced prostate cancer. Differentially expressed NLS genes stratify small-cell NEPC from prostate adenocarcinoma, which are closely associated with clinicopathologic features such as Gleason Score and metastasis status. Higher ARGHEF2, LHX2, and EPHB2 levels among the 95 NLS genes correlate with a shortened survival time in NEPC patients. Furthermore, downregulation of ARHGEF2 gene expression suppresses cell viability and markers of neuroendocrine differentiation in enzalutamide-resistant and neuroendocrine cells.

Conclusions

The 95 neural lineage gene signatures capture an early molecular shift toward neuroendocrine differentiation, which could stratify advanced prostate cancer patients to optimize clinical treatment and serve as a source of potential therapeutic targets in advanced prostate cancer.
Therapeutic nanosweepers promote β-amyloid removal from the brain for Alzheimer's disease treatment
Authors: Xu Huaibao , Zhao Yu , Qi Yilin , Xue Xue , Liu Yang
Published: September 2022

A therapeutic nanosweeper (NS) with Aβ removal capability is developed. NS can be efficiently delivered into brain by loading into neutrophils and significantly alleviate the pathological symptoms of Aβ deposition and neuronal apoptosis in AD mice.
New sustainable ternary copper phosphide thermoelectrics
Authors: Quinn Robert J. , Stevens Callum , Leong Hector , Huxley Andrew D. , Bos Jan-Willem G.
Published: September 2022

Two promising copper phosphides with large thermoelectric power factors are reported.
Nuclear Overhauser spectroscopy in hyperpolarized water – chemical vs. magnetic exchange
Authors: Epasto Ludovica Martina , Honegger Philipp , Che Kateryna , Kozak Fanny , Jörg Florian , Schröder Christian , Kurzbach Dennis
Published: September 2022

How to boost NMR signals of non-labile protons in hyperpolarized solutions.
Rational engineering of VS4 nanorod array on rose-shaped VS2 nanosheets for high-performance aluminium-ion batteries
Authors: Wang Yan , Shen Zihan , Lin Xirong , Ding Qian , Huang Xiaofei , Han Tianli , Zhang Huigang , Liu Jinyun
Published: September 2022

A novel VS2@VS4 composed of a VS4 nanorod array in situ grown on rose-shaped VS2 nanosheets for a high-performance Al-ion battery cathode is developed, which indicates the potential for rational engineering of emerging composites for energy-storage.
Promoting effect of water on light and phenanthroline–diphosphine Cu(i) complex-initiated iodine atom transfer cyclisation
Authors: Yang Xue , Yu Wei
Published: September 2022

Water can greatly facilitate the iodine atom transfer cyclisation of 2-allyloxy (or propargyloxy)-3-iodo tetrahydropyrans and tetrahydrofurans initiated by phenanthroline–diphosphine Cu(i) complexes under 455 nm light irradiation.
Correction: State-of-the-art advancements of atomically thin two-dimensional photocatalysts for energy conversion
Authors: Gao Wa , Li Zhengdao , Han Qiutong , Shen Yan , Jiang Chunhai , Zhang Yongcai , Xiong Yujie , Ye Jinhua , Zou Zhigang , Zhou Yong
Published: September 2022

Correction for ‘State-of-the-art advancements of atomically thin two-dimensional photocatalysts for energy conversion’ by Wa Gao et al., Chem. Commun., 2022, 58, 9594–9613, https://doi.org/10.1039/D2CC02708A.
An ab initio kinetics study on 2-methyl-2-butanol oxidation induced by ˙OH radicals
Authors: Guo Shuyan , Zhu Yuxiang , Zhao Hao , Zhou Chong-Wen
Published: September 2022

Rate constants and thermochemical data for H-atom abstraction reactions from 2-methyl-2-butanol by hydroxyl radicals and the subsequent β-scission reactions of the product radicals were calculated.
Two-dimensional electronic structure for high thermoelectric performance in halide perovskite Cs2Au(i)Au(iii)I6
Authors: Liu Junyan , Tang Gang , Zhou Jinjian , Hong Jiawang
Published: September 2022

Halide perovskite Cs2Au(i)Au(iii)I6 possesses high in-plane power factor due to its 2D electronic properties, as well as ultralow lattice thermal conductivity, leading to ZT value ∼4 at 800 K.
Effects of p–d orbital mixings on magnetocrystalline anisotropy for D3d-symmetric ferromagnetic semiconducting monolayers
Authors: Shen Chenhai , Li Xueping , Wang Tianxing , Wang Guangtao , Xia Congxin
Published: September 2022

The p–d bond strength determines the shift of the bonding–antibonding transition point, affecting the mechanism underlying changes in magnetocrystalline anisotropy.
Peptide mimotopes to emulate carbohydrates
Authors: Matsubara Teruhiko
Published: September 2022

This review describes the design and preparation of peptide mimotopes, their structural and functional mimicry properties, and their advantages over that of glycan ligands in developing a therapeutic strategy to treat glycan-related diseases.
Catalytic oxidation of formaldehyde over a Au@Co3O4 nanocomposite catalyst enhanced by visible light: moisture indispensability and reaction mechanism
Authors: Liu Qiuxia , Wang Yuelong , Wen Meicheng , Guo Yunlong , Wei Yupeng , Li Guiying , An Taicheng
Published: September 2022

A Au@Co3O4 core–shell nanocomposite was prepared for the mineralization of formaldehyde under dark conditions and visible-light irradiation. The Au@Co3O4 core–shell nanocomposite has significantly promoted the photocatalytic formaldehyde oxidation.
Capsaicin regulates dyslipidemia by altering the composition of bile acids in germ-free mice
Authors: Gong Ting , Li Chuangen , Li Shiqiang , Zhang Xiaojuan , He Zhongming , Jiang Xianhong , He Qiuyue , Huang Rongjuan , Wang Yong , Liu Xiong
Published: September 2022

The improvement of lipid metabolism by capsaicin (CAP) has been extensively studied, mostly with respect to the vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) ion channel and intestinal flora.
Potential of food-derived bioactive peptides in alleviation and prevention of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Zhao Le , Li Dan , Qi Xiaofen , Guan Kaifang , Chen Haoran , Wang Rongchun , Ma Ying
Published: September 2022

Memory and cognitive impairment are the principal clinical symptoms of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
Comment on “Excitation and ionization processes of chlorine in molybdenum dichloride dioxide flakes using the glow discharge mass spectrometry technique” by S. Mushtaq, J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 2022, 37, 584
Authors: Weiss Zdeněk
Published: September 2022

This note contains evidence that charge transfer from argon ions to neutral molybdenum atoms is a major excitation mechanism of the Mo II spectrum in an argon glow discharge.
Ultra-sensitive determination of mercury by atmospheric pressure glow discharge atomic emission spectrometry coupled with cold vapor generation
Authors: Rong Rong , Cai Zhaoqing , Li Xiaoyan , Wang Zheng
Published: September 2022

In this work, DC glow discharge atomic emission spectrometry coupled with cold vapor generation was used to achieve the ultra-sensitive analysis of mercury, with good anti-interference ability.
Enzyme immobilization: polymer–solvent–enzyme compatibility
Authors: Asaduzzaman Fnu , Salmon Sonja
Published: September 2022

Immobilization improves enzyme stability, allows easy enzyme separation from reaction mixtures, and enables repeatable use over prolonged periods, especially in systems requiring continuous chemical reactions.
Super-soft, firm, and strong elastomers toward replication of tissue viscoelastic response
Authors: Dashtimoghadam Erfan , Maw Mitchell , Keith Andrew N. , Vashahi Foad , Kempkes Verena , Gordievskaya Yulia D. , Kramarenko Elena Yu. , Bersenev Egor A. , Nikitina Evgeniia A. , Ivanov Dimitri A. , Tian Yuan , Dobrynin Andrey V. , Vatankhah-Varnosfaderani Mohammad , Sheiko Sergei S.
Published: September 2022

Brush-like thermoplastic elastomers combine softness, firmness, strength, and damping on par with soft tissues, which is vital for biomedical device and adhesive applications.
Packing and trimer-to-dimer protein reconstruction in icosahedral viral shells with a single type of symmetrical structural unit
Authors: Rochal Sergei B. , Konevtsova Olga V. , Roshal Daria S. , Božič Anže , Golushko Ivan Yu. , Podgornik Rudolf
Published: September 2022

Modelling morphological transformation in Flavivirus proteinaceous shells at maturation. Locally periodic arrangement of pr peptides makes the dimeric state energetically more favorable at a low pH level.
Excellent performance supercapacitors with the compounding of Ni(OH)2 and ZIF-67 derived Co–C–N nanosheets as flexible electrode materials
Authors: Li Dequan , Shen Congcong , Lu Qiang , Yan Ruihan , Xiao Bin , Zi Baoye , Zhang Jin , Lu Qingjie , Liu Qingju
Published: September 2022

A unique composite structure consists of ZIF-67 derived Co–C–N nanosheets and Ni(OH)2 nanoparticles was successfully prepared on the carbon cloth, the optimum electrode material exhibits an ultrahigh specific capacitance of 2100 F g−1 in 1 A g−1.
Highly efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitter based on the 5H-benzo[d]benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]imidazole donor
Authors: Raikwar Manish Mannulal , Kim Seung Chan , Lee Jun Yeob
Published: September 2022

A donor–π-acceptor-type TADF emitter (BzITz) was designed and synthesized using 5H-benzo[d]benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]imidazole as a fused rigid electron donor and a benzonitrile merged triazine unit as an electron acceptor.
Palladium-catalyzed desulfonylative aminocarbonylation of benzylsulfonyl chlorides with o-aminobenzaldehydes/o-aminoacetophenones for the synthesis of quinoin-2(1H)-ones
Authors: Dai Weiqi , Miao Ren-Guan , Zhao Ruyi , Qi Xinxin , Wu Xiao-Feng
Published: September 2022

A straightforward and efficient synthesis of quinoin-2(1H)-ones has been explored via a palladium-catalyzed desulfonylative aminocarbonylation of benzylsulfonyl chlorides with o-aminobenzaldehydes/o-aminoacetophenones.
The application of photoelectrocatalysis in the degradation of rhodamine B in aqueous solutions: a review
Authors: Yusuf Tunde Lewis , Orimolade Benjamin O. , Masekela Daniel , Mamba Bhekie , Mabuba Nonhlangabezo
Published: September 2022

The pollution of the water environment by industrial effluents is an ongoing challenge due to the rate of industrialisation and globalisation.
Synthesis and evolution of physicochemical properties of new pharmaceutically active ionic liquids – tetracainium salicylate and tetracainium ibuprofenate
Authors: Rapaić Maksim , Panić Jovana , Teofilović Branislava , Grujić-Letić Nevena , Gadžurić Slobodan , Vraneš Milan
Published: September 2022

Evolution of physicochemical parameters such as thermal stability, density, viscosity and electrical conductivity at various temperatures for two pharmaceutically active ionic liquids – tetracainium salicylate and tetracainium ibuprofenate.
Silver-catalyzed cascade cyclization and functionalization of N-aryl-4-pentenamides: an efficient route to γ-lactam-substituted quinone derivatives
Authors: Fang Zeguo , Xie Lin , Wang Liang , Zhang Qian , Li Dong
Published: September 2022

The synthesis of γ-lactam and related 2-oxazolidinone substituted quinone derivatives through a Ag2O-catalyzed cascade cyclization and functionalization of N-ary-4-pentenamides and N-aryl allyl carbamates has been developed.
RSC Advances Outstanding Student Paper Awards 2021
Authors: Dr Laura Fisher, Executive Editor for RSC Advances
Published: September 2022

In 2021, RSC Advances launched an award series to recognise the hard work of students. These awards recognise outstanding work published in the journal, for which a substantial component of the research was conducted by a student.
Correction: Temperature-sensitive foaming agent developed for smart foam drainage technology
Authors: Jia Wenfeng , Xian Chenggang , Wu Junwen
Published: September 2022

Correction for ‘Temperature-sensitive foaming agent developed for smart foam drainage technology’ by Wenfeng Jia et al., RSC Adv., 2022, 12, 23447–23453. https://doi.org/10.1039/D2RA04034D.
Rapid optimisation of API crystallisation in a segmented flow reactor with a continuous, variable temperature gradient
Authors: Robertson Karen , Seeberger Peter H. , Gilmore Kerry
Published: September 2022

A continuous flow reactor capable of a continuous, variable temperature gradient allows for the rapid optimization of reproducible crystallization conditions and control of crystal growth of small organic molecules.
Cellulose hydrogenolysis to alcohol and ketone products using Co@C catalysts in the phosphoric acid aqueous solution
Authors: Xin Haosheng , Wang Haiyong , Hu Xiaohong , Zhuang Xiuzheng , Yan Long , Wang Chenguang , Ma Longlong , Liu Qiying
Published: September 2022

Combining encapsulated Co@C catalyst and H3PO4 aqueous solution, high value-added chemicals that are widely used in various fields can be obtained from renewable biomass materials.
Total syntheses of naturally occurring antiviral indolosesquiterpene alkaloids, xiamycins C–F via Csp3–H functionalization
Authors: Munda Mintu , Nandi Rhituparna , Gavit Vipin R. , Kundu Sourav , Niyogi Sovan , Bisai Alakesh
Published: September 2022

Enantioenriched enone 8 was synthesized via three key transformations: ipso-nitration of abietane diterpenoids to furnish o-bromo nitroarene 11, Suzuki coupling with phenylboronic acid, and Cadogan's reductive ring closure to craft a carbazole ring.
Pre-lithiated Li4+xTi5O12 (0 ≤ x ≤ 3) anodes towards building high-performance Li-ion capacitors
Authors: Divya Madhusoodhanan Lathika , Lü Hong-Yan , Lee Yun-Sung , Aravindan Vanchiappan
Published: September 2022

A 180° faradaic shift is observed for a completely pre-lithiated Li4Ti5O12 anode when paired with an activated carbon cathode. The optimum range of pre-lithiation certainly enables attaining high energy and high power Li-ion capacitors.
Rational design, application and dynamic evolution of Cu–N–C single-atom catalysts
Authors: Hu Yaning , Ying Dou , Sun Zhiyi , Li Bing , Zhou Hexin , Wang Shuo , Hu Xuemin , He Kuan , Qu Ming , Chen Wenxing , Chen Zhuo , Yang Wenxiu
Published: September 2022

This review summarizes the recent research progress on the preparation strategy, regulation mechanism of the coordination environment, catalytic performance and dynamic evolution process of Cu–N–C single-atom catalysts.
Water-soluble vitamins in the feed of high-yield lactating cows during the milking period
Authors: Golovey V. V. , Vyayzenen G. N. , Golovey A. V.
Published: September 2022

The aim of the work is to show how to increase the productivity of cows, to improve the feeding system, to introduce intensive, promising, effective, resource-saving milk production technologies, including the implementation of measures for the production and use of domestic vitamin feed products (preparations). The studies were carried out by the example of highly productive dairy cows with an annual productivity of over 6000 kg of milk per lactation. The type of feeding is the silage – hayage silage concentrate, the rations are balanced in terms of nutrients, biologically active substances and metabolic energy. It corresponded to the generally accepted norms of animal feeding in the country (M., RAAS, 2003). The diets of cows during the milking period included Vitaminol and a phytocomplex (of 13 medicinal forage herbs), 10 g, 15 g and 20 g per head per day. When milking cows (100 days), fed with Vitaminol, more milk was produced ranging from 2.7 to 9.9 %, the phytocomplex increased milk yield from 8.4 to 16.3 %. The consumption of metabolic energy of diets per 1 kg of milk is lower in cows of the experimental groups when using different doses of Vitaminol ranging from 2.8 to 9.9 %, and the phytocomplex allowed ranging it from 8.3 to 16.1 % compared to the control variant. To increase metabolic processes in the body, productivity and supply of water-soluble vitamins and mineral macronutrients in cows under the conditions of a year-round stable method of keeping, the rations included the optimal dose of Vitaminol and the phytocomplex (separately) amounting to 20 g per head a day. Vitaminol serves to replenish the body of highly productive lactating cows during the period of milk production with missing biologically active substances, vitamin nutritional value of milk, increase the digestibility of organic substances in rations, and improve metabolic processes.
Cultivation efficiency of new varieties of winter soft wheat in the north-eastern zone of the Krasnodar Territory
Authors: Golovko A. S. , Kuvshinova E. K.
Published: September 2022

The paper presents a comparative assessment of new varieties of winter soft wheat cultivated in the north-eastern zone of the Krasnodar Territory. It provides the results on yield, grain quality and cost efficiency of their cultivation. On average over the years of study the Alekseich and Bezostaya 100 varieties have consistently provided high actual grain yields for the predecessor of peas – 6.67 and 6.55 t/ha, respectively. The highest grain quality was formed by the Bezostaya 100 variety. The average protein content over three years was 13.3%, gluten content 2 – 4.6%, grain unit – 806 g/l. Bezostaya 100 and Alekseich varieties ensured a high profit of 38,625-39,885 rub/ha and a level of profitability of 128-132% when cultivating the predecessor of peas. The study resulted in conclusions and proposals to the production to increase the efficiency of growing winter soft wheat varieties in Kuban.
Qualitative indicators of protein concentrates from pea and chickpea flour
Authors: Kolpakova Valentina , Ulanova Ruzaliya , Kulikov Denis , Bessonov Vladimir
Published: September 2022

A comparative analysis of the qualitative indicators of food and feed protein concentrates (PC) from pea and chickpea flour was carried out. The chickpea PC contains more protein than the pea PC: 83.22±0.35 and 71.78±0.35% on dry matter (DM), respectively, the biological value adjusted for protein digestibility (PDCAAS) in the pea PC (96%) is higher than that in the chickpea PC (76%). The PCs differed in the content of essential amino acids, copper, cobalt, manganese, nickel, the amount of flavonoids and foaming ability. Higher foaming capacity and lower foam stability in the chickpea PC correlated with higher flavonoid content and percent parallel β-structure and anti-parallel 310-helix proteins. A fodder biomass with a protein content of 61.68-64.10% and a biomass with a cultural liquid with 50.60-53.56% protein on DM were obtained. Biologically valuable concentrates differed in the mass fraction of fat, soluble, insoluble carbohydrates, potassium, magnesium, cobalt, manganese, sodium and the ratio of saturated:unsaturated fatty acids. A correlation was found between the amount of flavonoids, the optical density at D590 nm, and the color of preparations (correlation coefficient R=0.895). It is recommended to use the PCs for food purposes, serum concentrates, in feed for various animals.
Theoretical foundations and practical methods of disposal of manure drains of livestock complexes in the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Safiollin Faik , Suleymanov Salavat , Trofimov Nikolai , Lukmanov Anas , Gabbasov Ilfat
Published: September 2022

Irrigation creates a unique way to dispose manure effluents from livestock complexes in specially designated agricultural sewage farms (ASF). Theoretical foundations and practical methods of using manure runoff and selecting crops taking into account their incomplete dehelminthization were developed by the team of authors of this study. It was established that the use of manure effluents after their stepwise preparation ensures the production of 56.9 t/ha of green mass of perennial grass with production profitability from 58 to 86%, 57.0 t/ha of corn and 46.7 t/ha of feed mixtures against 33.8 t/ha on the control version of the experiment. These cultures go through the conservation stage. In this regard, they are environmentally friendly sources of feed in the diets of various groups of animals.
Evaluation of the gonadotropic preparation effect on the hormonal status of the infertile cows
Authors: Bogdanova Nataliya
Published: September 2022

To study of the effect of the gonadotropic preparation on the hormonal status of the infer-tile cows, 47 red-and-white cows belonging to the breeding farm (Voronezh Region, Russian Federation), having an ovarian hypofunction, at the age from 3 to 8 years old and with the live weight of 480-600 kg, were included in the experiment. The animals in the experimental group (n=27) received a single dose of placental gonadotropin, i.e. Follimag at the 1000 I.U. dose. The animals not injected with the preparation (n=20) formed the negative control group. Cows’ blood samples were taken before injection, 4, 8 and 14 days after it. The hormone concentration (progesterone, es-tradiol-17β) was determined in blood serum by the immunoenzymometric analysis. Introducing the preparation led to the increase of the progesterone level in the blood of the experimental group cows on average of 2.85 times and estradiol-17β increased by 23.2% as compared with the background, progesterone increased 1.95 times and estradiol-17β by 9.0 % compared with the control on the 14th day of the experiment. It was established that the degree of the ovarian hormonepoietic reaction manifestation and its direction in prescribing the exogenous gonadotropins depends on the time of the preparation injection relative to natural waves of the follicles growth. Using the gonadotropic preparation provided a 21.6-time increase in the blood content of progesterone on the 14th day of the experiment and that of estradiol-17β of 1.29 times, when injected at the beginning of the follicles growth wave. When administered at the follicular atresia stage, it led to an increase in the progesterone level of 2.1 times and that of estradiol-17β of 1.29 times.
Ways to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from arable machinery and tractor units
Authors: Khafizov Camill A. , Khafizov Ramil N. , Nurmiev Azat A. , Sinitsky Stanislav A.
Published: September 2022

The article is devoted to the search for ways to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the technological operation of plowing. Ways to reduce CO2 emissions were determined on the basis of computational experiments conducted using a mathematical model of an arable unit compiled according to the efficiency criterion - the minimum integral emission of carbon dioxide. Integral CO2 emission, in addition to direct and indirect CO2 emissions over the life cycle of the arable unit, includes CO2, which could be absorbed from the atmosphere by the crop lost due to the influence of the parameters of the unit. The influence of the parameters of the tractor and the unit on the emission of carbon dioxide during its manufacture, technical and production operation is analyzed. Computational experiments were conducted to identify the influence of some external factors (field area, seasonal load volume, etc.) on the efficiency of the arable unit.
Vermiculax drug effect on blood parameters, immune response, calcium and phosphorus, and weight of laying hens
Authors: Orlov Matvey , Zaycev Vladimir , Seitov Marat
Published: September 2022

This paper presents the experiment on 160 laying hens of the white Leghorn breed divided into 4 groups. Group I (taken as a control group) was given a basic diet (OR). Group II had OR + Vermiculax at a dosage of 30 mg per 1 kg of the laying hen weight. Group III had OR + Vermiculax at a dosage of 37 mg per 1 kg of the laying hen weight. Group IV consumed OR + Vermiculax at a dosage of 44 mg per 1 kg of the laying hen weight. According to the results of the study, we came to the following conclusions. The drug Vermiculax increases the content of erythrocytes (by 21.45%) and hemoglobin (by 4.94%), which indicates the prevention of anemia, increases the index of total protein by 30.57%, calcium by 0.7% and inorganic phosphorus in the blood by 4.16%. Thus, it affects phagocytic processes, increases the immune response and absorption processes; increases the activity of macrophages and affects the process of degranulation of polymorphonuclear neutrophils, which in turn increases lysozyme activity by 3.9%. This is a sign of strengthening the natural antibacterial barrier. There is an increase in the retention of calcium in the body by 115.32% and phosphorus by 107.94% (on the 30th day of the study). In addition, increased retention of calcium by 8.3% and phosphorus by 8.5% (on the 180th day of the study) was observed. There is an increase in the deposition of calcium in the body by 132.8% and phosphorus by 133.45% (on the 30th day of the study), and increased retention of calcium by 66.36% and phosphorus by 66.4% (on the 180th day of the study). There is a high dynamic in weight gain by the second month of the study (increased by 21.88%), as well as a decrease in the level of feed consumption per weight gain of 1 kilogram by 13.33%.
Effect of biological products on spring wheat cultivation
Authors: Bobrenko I. A. , Goman N. V. , Kormin V. P. , Popova V. I. , Boldysheva E. P.
Published: September 2022

The studies of the meadow-chernozem soil of the Omsk region, showed that biological products are effective when used for spring wheat by seed treatment. When comparing their action, it was noted that a greater effect was obtained from the use of the variants Azotobacterin+Phosphobacterin and Azotobacterin+Phosphobacterin+Humate K. The improvement of the nutritional conditions of plants when applying biological fertilizers and biological products has a positive effect on the content of the number of amino acids in the grain, which without fertilizers increases from 9.59% up to a maximum of 9.92% with Humat K.
Development of safety system in salmon fish farms of the Murmansk region
Authors: Ivanitskaya O. A. , Kalinina N. R. , Kravets P. P. , Shoshina E. V. , Malaeva A. V.
Published: September 2022

The study presents the development of a biosafety system in aquaculture activities on the territory of the Murmansk region, accounting for the existing scientific developments and recommendations. The authors’ scientific and practical experience in cultivating the hydrobionts in the conditions of the Polar region is the core of the study. The materials for the development of the regional biosafety program of salmon cages farms were the longstanding epizootic and ichthiopathological studies of the department of fish physiology and diseases, aquaculture objects of the Murmansk Regional Animal Disease Control Center (2013–2019). The most significant risks for salmon net farms of the Murmansk region are: carrying out activities in the zone of risky fish farming; lack (or scarcity) of high-quality nursery material of domestic origin, absence of the center for research and prevention of fish diseases; the absence of the specialized enterprise for aquaculture waste disposal. The developed system of practical safety of aquaculture enterprises in the region will allow managing the risks through certain efforts and events. The principles of biosafety system development in accordance with the environmental requirements and associated conditions for maintaining the epizootic and ichthyopathological safety in the commercial cultivation of fish are considered. Preventive measures to maintain epizootic safety in fish farms have been developed. Suggestions and recommendations are formulated to conduct safe aquaculture activities in the conditions of the Murmansk region. A integrated approach to biosafety through certain risk management activities is aimed at solving the problems of preserving the health of cultivated objects resulting in the maximal feasibility of the enterprise and maintaining the biodiversity of natural communities and environmental sustainability in the region.
Physical and chemical environmental factors’ influence on the proteolytic potential of probiotic microorganisms’ individual representatives
Authors: Маkarevich Е. V. , Kozhukhova E. V. , Zaychikova D. S. , Litvinova M. U. , Krivenko O. G.
Published: September 2022

This work is devoted to the study of sanitary and hygienic monitoring of fishery water use objects in Murmansk region. The paper presents assessment of the ecological and sanitary conditions of fishery reservoirs in the Arctic region of the Kola and Tuloma rivers for the period 2016-2018 based on the use of microbiological, hydrochemical and parasitological indicators, as well as the integral index of surface water pollution. Hydrochemical studies consisted of determining the biochemical oxygen consumption, the mass content of NH4+, NO2-, NO3-, iron, and dissolved O2. The assessment of the river waters sanitary state was carried out by means of microbiological and parasitological methods. The microbiological parameters were used to determine the number of common and thermotolerant coliform bacteria, coliphages, and the presence of intestinal infections pathogens. The water of rivers does not meet the hygienic standards in terms of hydrochemical indicators in seventeen percent and in terms of microbiological indicators in five percent of cases. According to parasitological indicators, hygienic standards meet the requirements. In five points of water sampling, the water of the Tuloma and Kola rivers was evaluated as pure according to the integral hydrochemical index value and belongs to the second category of quality. In general, the high-water quality of Murmansk region rivers was noted. In conclusion, it should be emphasized that systematic monitoring of water supply sources is necessary to obtain an idea of the indicators’ variability and to assess the rivers pollution degree.
Details of artificial reproduction of Atlantic salmon (Semga) at the Umba fish hatchery
Authors: Semenikhina M. , Minchenok E. , Kovaleva T.
Published: September 2022

The world's demand for fish products for food and industrial purposes has already significantly exceeded the reproduction capacity of wild fish. Further increasing exploitation of natural fish populations leads to a sharp reduction in their numbers and degradation of population biodiversity. The only way to solve the problem is to develop artificial reproduction of fish. This applies primarily to salmon, which are the most valuable and popular types of fish. In the Murmansk region, there are three fish hatcheries that carry out artificial reproduction of Atlantic salmon. Factory reproduction at the Umba Fish Hatchery (URZ) is currently an important and necessary process, since the plant is the only fish hatchery for reproductive purposes in the Tersk district. The article reveals the peculiarities of reproduction of Atlantic salmon (salmon) in the URZ. A brief description of the Umba River is given. The main fish-breeding activities are covered: catching and keeping of producers, collection of sexual products and fertilization, incubation of eggs, keeping of larvae and their transfer to external nutrition, factory tagging of juveniles, release of juveniles in the Umba River and its tributaries. The peculiarity of the Umba plant in contrast to the other two fish hatcheries of the Kola Peninsula is shown. The question of the necessity of the existence of the Umba fish hatchery and the prospects for its development is highlighted. The reasons for the decline in the number of salmon in Umba are listed. Recommendations for restoring the abundance and preserving the intraspecific biodiversity of the Umba River salmon are provided.
Role of agriculture in climate change and adaptability: Use of innovative technologies in the Russian agricultural sector for climate conservation and protection
Authors: Kryukova I. V. , Lagun A. A. , Golubeva S. G. , Yakovleva E. N.
Published: September 2022

Global climate change poses two major challenges to the agricultural sector of the economy. First, it is necessary to assess the value and extent of its impact on atmospheric pollution by greenhouse gases, and, based on this, to determine priorities and the emission reduction strategy. The second concerns the adaptation of agriculture to threats and the use of causes from global climate change. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to disclose these two aspects. First, the national contribution of agriculture to greenhouse gas pollution was studied using the example of the Russian Federation according to the author’s methodology. Then the directions of the state adaptation policy towards the studied sector in the light of climate change are proposed. The results of the study can be useful in developing the adaptation strategy, increasing the flexibility of the agricultural sector of different countries to climate change.
The prospects of AI and IoT technology development effect on the carbon market regulation
Authors: Mikhailov Dmitry , Shazhaev Ilman , Chumanskaya Vera , Abramov Victor , Iskandarov Zafar , Grempel Valery
Published: September 2022

The problems of regulating the carbon quota market, which is formed both at the state level of individual countries and at the supranational level within the framework of international associations, for example, such as the Conference of the Parties to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, are considered. At the moment, the issue of rational regulation of measures to reduce the negative effects of climate change while maintaining the pace of economic development is extremely urgent. Artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things technologies play an important role in solving this issue, which allow optimising production processes and achieving zero emissions in a growing economy. The authors see the prospect of further research in the search for specific measures to regulate the carbon market, in creating favourable economic, social and political conditions for their implementation, as well as in maintaining and stimulating the exchange of experience in this area at the international level.
La paralysie laryngée, du diagnostic au traitement
Authors: Garnier Paul , Dekerle Bastien , Manassero Mathieu
Published: September 2022

La paralysie laryngée est une cause fréquente d’obstruction des voies aériennes supérieures chez le chien et dans une moindre mesure chez le chat. Les animaux atteints sont préférentiellement des chiens de grande race d’âge avancé. La paralysie laryngée résulte d’une atteinte neuromusculaire du larynx. Rarement congénitale, elle est plus fréquemment acquise et peut être le reflet d’une cause sous-jacente systémique telle qu’une polyneuropathie. Les animaux sont présentés pour des anomalies respiratoires non spécifiques (stridor, intolérance à l’effort, dyspnée, toux, changement de voix et pouvant aller jusqu’à une cyanose et des pertes de connaissance) qui sont en général peu visibles jusqu’à ce que l’atteinte soit bilatérale. Le diagnostic de certitude se fait par observation directe du larynx par laryngoscopie sous sédation : un défaut d’abduction d’un ou des deux cartilages aryténoïdes est alors visible pendant l’inspiration, faisant obstacle au passage de l’air. Un traitement médical doit être instauré rapidement suivi d’une prise en charge chirurgicale, la procédure recommandée étant une latéralisation cricoaryténoïdienne unilatérale. Le pronostic après intervention est généralement bon à excellent malgré un risque de bronchopneumonie par fausse déglutition à vie.
La sténose nasopharyngée chez le chat
Authors: Canonne-Guibert Morgane
Published: September 2022

La sténose nasopharyngée est une affection peu fréquente qui correspond au rétrécissement d’intensité variable du nasopharynx par un tissu membrano-fibreux en position caudale dans environ ¾ des cas. Son origine chez le chat est le plus couramment congénitale. Dans ce contexte, une sténose nasopharyngée est alors responsable d’un stertor inspiratoire et expiratoire chez le jeune chat et la présence d’une respiration buccale est finalement peu rapportée. Dans une faible minorité de cas, un facteur favorisant sera découvert (rhinite virale, rhinosinusite idiopathique, passage d’un corps étranger…). Le diagnostic de confirmation est très accessible puisqu’il repose sur a minima une endoscopie nasopharyngée, complétée ou remplacée selon la disponibilité, par un examen tomodensitométrique. La prise en charge apparaissait frustrante lorsque la dilatation de l’orifice sténosé était pratiquée par ballonnet ; la mise en place de stent permettait de réduire le risque de récidive ultérieure mais la tolérance locale était malheureusement mauvaise. Actuellement, d’après l’expérience de plusieurs auteurs et une dernière étude, il semble conseillable face à une sténose classique à savoir focale, membrano-fibreuse et caudale, de procéder dans un premier temps à une dilatation au clamp courbe, suivie si possible d’un bougiennage au doigt. En pratique, une à deux procédures sont alors suffisantes à long terme. Dans le cas d’évolution réfractaire ou de sténose étendue en longueur, une technique chirurgicale de palatoplastie rostrale semble bénéfique cliniquement à long terme et très bien tolérée.
Differentialtherapeutische Zugänge zum distalen
Radioulnargelenk und zur distalen Ulna
Authors: van Schoonhoven Jörg
Published: September 2022

Im Bereich des distalen Radioulnargelenkes und des ulnokarpalen Handgelenkes
befinden sich eine Vielzahl anatomischer Strukturen auf engem Raum. Daher
müssen sich die Zugänge an der konkret zugrundeliegenden
Pathologie orientieren. Dazu kann das distale Radioulnargelenk von einem
dorsalen oder einem palmaren Zugang operativ zugängig gemacht werden.
Die knöchernen Eingriffe zur Behandlung der Arthrose des DRUG mit
Resektionsverfahren am Ulnakopf und die destabilisierenden ligamentären
Verletzungen des ulnokarpalen Bandkomplexes bedürfen eines dorsalen
Zugangs unterschiedlicher Ausdehnung. Dieser Zugang erlaubt eine exzellente
Darstellung des Ulnakopfes und der wesentlichen Ansatzstellen des ulnokarpalen
Bandkomplexes. Die arthroskopisch unterstützte, knöcherne
Refixierung des ulnaren Abrisses des ulnokarpalen Bandkomplexes kann
über unterschiedliche minimalinvasive Zugänge erfolgen.
Pathologien, deren Ursache im palmaren Bereich des distalen Radioulnargelenkes
liegen, wie die palmare Luxation des Ulnakopfes im distalen Radioulnargelenk
oder die Vernarbung der palmaren Gelenkkapsel mit subsequenter
Pronationskontraktur müssen auch von palmar operativ zugängig
gemacht werden. Demgegenüber erfolgen die verschiedenen
Osteosyntheseverfahren bei Frakturen im Bereich des Ulnakopfes über
einen lateralen distalen Zugang, der zwischen der Flexor und der Extensor carpi
ulnaris Sehne mittig über dem Processus styloideus ulnae und dem
lateralen Ulnakopf angelegt wird. Im Bereich des Ulnaschaftes erfolgen sowohl
die elektiven Ulnaverkürzungsosteotomie, als auch die Osteosynthesen von
Frakturen über einen ulnopalmaren Zugang.
Phosphine-Catalyzed Z-Selective Carbofluorination of Alkynoates Bearing an N-Heteroarene Unit
Authors: Tobisu Mamoru , Fujimoto Hayato , Yamamura Shisato , Takenaka Namiki
Published: September 2022

We report herein on the phosphine-catalyzed Z-selective carbofluorination of alkynoates bearing an N-heteroarene unit, by using acyl fluorides as bifunctional reagents. This reaction proceeds through a pentacoordinate fluorophosphorane(V) intermediate, resulting in the formation of a C–F bond by a ligand coupling process. The Z-selectivity is attributed to the thermodynamic stabilization of a Z-isomer by orbital interactions between lone pair electrons of an N-heteroarene and the π* orbital of a carbonyl group.