bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ajaran Kelepasan Dalam Lontar Tutur Kumara Tattwa
Authors: Yasa Putu Dana
Published: July 2020

Lontar Tutur Kumara Tatwa adalah salah satu  lontar yang diwarisi oleh orang Bali saat ini. Tutur Kumara Tatwa memiliki ajaran yang bernilai tinggi, di Lontar Tutur Kumara Tatwa menjelaskan mengapa orang mengalami penderitaan dan bagaimana melepaskan penderitaan atau keterikatan untuk benar-benar mendapatkan kebebasan abadi atau moksa. Beberapa perpustakaan suci yang diwarisi termasuk Lontar Tutur Kumara Tatwa memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan manusia terutama umat Hindu di Indonesia. Lontar Tutur Kumara Tatwa berisi ajaran filosofis mengapa manusia yang terlahir sebagai makhluk paling mulia benar-benar mengalami penderitaan yang luar biasa dan bagaimana melepaskan semua keterikatan. Dalam Tutur Kumara Tatwa (2003: 65) dijelaskan bahwa Bhatara Kumara bertindak sebagai gembala, ia hidup sendirian di sebuah rumah gembala bernama Argakuruksana, karena sudah lama berada di tempat gembala, ia merasa bosan. Dia berpikir bahwa apa yang dia lakukan dan alami hanyalah kemiskinan dalam kehidupan. Sebenarnya ia bukan gembala sapi, tetapi menggembalakan dasendriya (sepuluh nafsu). dalam Lontar Tutur Kumara Tatwa disebutkan ada delapan cara untuk bisa lepas dari kebapaan agar mencapai pembebasan, setiap manusia selalu merasa tertekan, karena di dalam dirinya masih ada keraguan, kebingungan yang membuat orang takut untuk mengambil tindakan. Untuk mengantisipasi pengaruh sifat astadewi, Lontar Tutur Kumara Tatwa menjelaskan bahwa ada delapan cara pembersihan batin untuk menghindari pengaruh kekotoran batin yang disebut asta lingga.
Menyingkap Tuhan melalui Pengetahuan Hindu dalam Teks Bhuwana Sangksepa (Kajian Teo-Filosofi)
Authors: Maheswari Prasanthy Devi
Published: July 2020

God is the object of science, in Hindu knowledge says that God is the main and first source of knowledge. Studying the scriptures is the main way in revealing knowledge about God. The purpose of this research is to find knowledge about God in the text Bhuwana Sangkṣepa. The benefit is to open up the insights and courage of academics in interpreting sacred texts. This text provides knowledge about God who is the Source of All, Transcendent God (God Beyond/Far from Human Understanding), God in Nirguna Brahma Terminology (Formless/Unmanifest), Transcendent-Immanent God (God is closer to understanding Humans), Nir-Saguna Brahman Terminology of God with Symbols (Nyasa), Immanent God (in consciousness or in the human mind). And then God in the Saguna Brahma Terminology (Manifested God) which includes the form of Gods (Sarva-Nama Rupa), God sink in the universe (macrocosm) and God resides in the Human Self (microcosm).
Argumen Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz terhadap Pembuktian Eksistensi Tuhan
Authors: Yogiswari Krisna S.
Published: July 2020

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz is a German philosopher who provides a comprehensive argument about the existence of God. Although Leibniz has made a mistake in thinking about God, the evidence of God's existence offered by him gives us an example and a strength to deepen our faith: Leibniz's courage is to deepen his faith and his strength to maintain God's existence. Also it seems that with evidence of harmony that had been built before, Leibniz fell into the trap of atheism implicitly because it denied the existence of a personal God and only relied on internal law. Regarding harmony that had been built before, according to Leibniz there was an internal law that worked within the monade. monade so that monades are a natura that has been determined and consequently has only one nature: the nature that governs everything. But the best is that not only for the whole in general, but also for individuals especially especially individuals who have love for God.
Sanksi Adat pada Larangan Perkawinan Exogami di Desa Pakraman Tenganan Pegringsingan, Desa Tenganan, Kecamatan Manggis, Kabupaten Karangasem, Provinsi Bali
Authors: Sudarma I Putu , Wisuda Pande Putu Toya
Published: July 2020

Tenganan Pegrisingan Indigenous Peoples Village, Karangasem, Bali belong to Bali Aga community which is still thick with customary ban on exogamy marriage. Violations of the marriage ban are subject to customary sanctions. Customary sanctions are not only imposed on the bride, but also the parents. Customary sanction on exogamy marriage is motivated by the preservation of tradition and kinship system and balance. In the context of traditional preservation, adat sanctions are  used to safeguard, maintain, and preserve endogamy as the most ideal model of marriage. In the context of the kinship system, customary sanctions are used to maintain the purity of lineages in the village. Conversely, in the context of equilibrium, adat sanctions are used for cosmic balance. The impact of adat sanction is exogamy marriage, that is, non-insurrection, does not obtain the welfare of his village, and loses the right of his village. In the context of non-divisiveness, marriage is very closed and limited because its citizens may only engage in endogamous marriage among their own adat folk. In the context of not obtaining the welfare of the village means a violation of endogamy, practically all bridegroom rights including the right to obtain the welfare of his village is lost. In the context of lost rights, all rights are revoked so that the bride has absolutely no rights in his village.
Awig-Awig-Awag-Awag-Uwug sebuah Solusi Sederhana di Tengah Semaraknya Upacara-Upakara
Authors: Wibawa Made Aripta
Published: July 2020

Almost simbolism Hindu religion in Bali has a supernatural power that sthrengthen at the roots to be manifested as Hindu culuture identity. Rites and ritual as banten, kajang, tedung, and umbul-umbul as manfensted Yantra, Tantra and Mantra . Like a stage body corpse as a tool to be lifted to cemestry the symbol off the spirit will go to heaven. Even a clan is a very identity on rites and performing Bali colourful without stoping, and glamour as well. But also the essence of ritual did not understand as long by the understanding philoshopy.
Tri Hita Karana dalam Teks Agastya Parwa
Authors: Saitya Ida Bagus Subrahmaniam
Published: July 2020

Agastya Parwa is an Old Javanese manuscript in the form of prose and is of relatively old age (Century IX-XI M). The Agastya Parwa text is closely related to the name Ṛṣi Agastya as a Hindu Mahaṛṣi who contributed to the spread of Hinduism from the Sindhu river valley throughout India, Central Asia, China, Japan, and Indonesia. According to the literature, the Agastya Parwa text belongs to the parwa group, the Agastya Parwa text is also used as a source for yajña, this means this text belongs to the ceremonial group, but there are also those who declare this text included in the ethics group because the text This contains teachings about ethics, but the text of Agastya Parwa also contains the teachings of God. Tri Hita Karana which means three causes of happiness, consists of parhyangan, pawongan, and palemahan. Parhyangan in this text is taught that devotion to God must be based on a sincere, unconditional sincerity that can cause good for someone in this life and in the life to come. The form of pawongan in the Agastya Parwa text is self-control, this is very important for someone, people who are able to control themselves will get enlightenment. Palemahan explains that animals and plants are human siblings because animals and plants are descended from the ṛṣi.
Totemisme dalam Teks Ādiparwa
Authors: Saitya Ida Bagus Subrahmaniam Saitya
Published: July 2020

Ādiparwa is an early part of the Mahābhārata. Ādiparwa can be considered to consist of 2 (two) separate sections. The first part, presents the framework of the Bhārata epics is the story of the sacrificial ceremony at the behest of King Janamejaya in order to destroy the dragons because King Parikṣit who was the father of King Janamejaya was killed by the Taksaka dragon. The second part
contains the genealogy of the Pandavas and Koravas, their birth and youth until the marriage of Arjuna to Subhadra. The ardiparwa text also presents another story, the story of Garuda which frees Dewi Winatā’s mother from slavery carried out by Dewi Kadrū. The story of the dragons, with the famous dragons, among others Takṣaka, Anantabhoga, and Bāsuki. The Mandara mountain range is also presented in the ipdiparwa text, the rotation of the Mandara mountain occurs in the sea of Kṣīra which then emerges kūrmarāja which assists the rotation. This is what gave rise to the concept of totemsime in Hinduism, especially in Ādiparwa texts.
REPRESENTASI KESETARAAN GENDER DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG PEMILU SERTA PENERAPANNYA BAGI PEREMPUAN BALI
Authors: Adi Widnyana I Made
Published: July 2020

The purpose of this paper is to see the extent to which the Election Law is able to address gender equality in politics and democracy and how Balinese women apply this provision as an opportunity to advance and align themselves in the political field by looking at the results of the elections in Bali. So based on that research method used is normative research that refers to the provisions of applicable regulations and is supported by sources of literature and supporting data.
It is known that the Election Law requires a 30% quota requirement for women's representation in the electoral process of each political party. This will be an opportunity for women to be able to align themselves and dilute the backwardness of men who used to dominate, although it is known that this cannot be said to be equal or balanced, but at least women are guaranteed their opportunity to be certain in politics through opportunities chosen rights they have.
Balinese women from the results of the implementation of the 2004 legislative elections to 2019 for women's representation in the Bali Provincial DPRD, were able to show a significant increase in representation, so it can be said that Balinese women from time to time are able to take advantage of opportunities and opportunities to participate in the political and democratic equalization.
Kegiatan Formative Research Pt.Kai (Persero) dalam Upaya Sosialisasi Pintu Keselamatan oleh Humas Daop 2 Bandung
Authors: Nurpijar Kaloka Hanas , Damayanti Trie , Ruchiat Nugraha Aat
Published: July 2020

This study aims to determine the activities formative research conducted by the Public Relations Daop 2 Bandung covering the analysis of the situation, organizations and the public.The method used is descriptive exploratory method to be more profound and accurate with qualitative data.The results of this study is the first phase of the analysis of the situation that has been done by the PR Daop 2 Bandung has implemented properly guided by several indicators that the analysis of the situation is reached plus has been working with Edan Community railroad Indonesia (Kesi).However, analysis of the situation which has been run by the Public Relations have several indicators or elements that are less maximized on the deepening of the data and facts and resulted in a lack of accurate analysis of the public in the third stage in the formative activities of this research. Analysis of the organization that has been built and observed by the Public Relations have also given an overview of how the organization in this company is running but some internal activities are still not able to be implemented with maximum coordination as its terms of internal meetings. Suggestions for Public Relations Daop 2 Bandung to keep attention to detail more than any analysis of the formative research in order to provide maximum results in a program or activity on the socialization of planning safety doors in Daop 2 Bandung. Formative research as one of the PR concept will be very helpful for PR practitioners in order to pay attention to research for the attainment of maximum activity or program.
Komunikasi Antarbudaya Dalam Program Acara Sandya Kala Gita (Studi Komunikasi Hindu di Radio Genta Bali)
Authors: Budiyasa I Dewa Gede Putu
Published: July 2020

Intercultural communication aims at forming harmonious life, bringing together two or more people from different cultures to form a new culture. Trust or religion is part of culture. Intercultural communication can basically form a new culture. Mass media plays an important role in people's lives in the process of sending information and reciprocal processes. This paper examines how the intercultural communication process is delivered through Radio media. The process of intercultural communication in the program Sandya Kala Gita is seen as a transactional process that affects the behavior of communicators and communicants intentionally, aware of the behavior to produce messages that are channeled through channels to stimulate or obtain certain attitudes or behaviors. Intercultural communication on the Sandya Kala Gita program shows implications for the strengthening of cognitive communicants, the affective formation of communicators and communicants, and behavioral development for communicators and communicants.
A Review on Numerical Analysis of RC Flat Slabs Exposed to Fire
Authors: Naji Hanadi F. , Khalid Nibras N. , Medhlom Mutaz K.
Published: July 2020

This paper aims at presenting and discussing the numerical studies performed to estimate the mechanical and thermal behavior of RC flat slabs at elevated temperature and fire. The numerical analysis is carried out using finite element programs by developing models to simulate the performance of the buildings subjected to fire. The mechanical and thermal properties of the materials obtained from the experimental work are involved in the modeling that the outcomes will be more realistic. Many parameters related to fire resistance of the flat slabs have been studied and the finite element analysis results reveal that the width and thickness of the slab, the temperature gradient, the fire direction, the exposure duration and the thermal restraint are important factors that influence the vertical deflection, bending moment and force membrane of the flat slabs exposed to fire. However, the validation of the models is verified by comparing their results to the available experimental date. The finite element modeling contributes in saving cost and time consumed by experiments.
The dynamics of family structure as a leading factor of decline in birth rate (on the example of Tuva Republic and Republic of Khakassia)
Authors: Troshkina Irina Nikolaevna , Karashpai Sailyk Mergenovna , Sat Aliya Viktorovna
Published: July 2020

The goal of this research is to examine family structure due to the decline in birth rate in Tuva Republic and Republic of Khakassia in the early Xxi century. The authors attempt to reveal the factors affecting the decline in birth rate, and determine other components of the dynamics of family structure (number of families, family size, parenthood status). The object of this research is the transformation of the structure of family institution, while the subject is the dynamics of current family structure in the two republics. The article reviews the leading factor of the dynamics of birth rate. The authors’ special contribution consists in covering the problem of decline in birth rate as a result of transformation of family structure in the regions of Southern Siberia. The scientific novelty lies in studying the regional component of decline in birth rate under the influence of a set of factors, including the transformation of family structure. The area of application of the research results is the activity of ministries and departments, as well as special courses in the university on the discipline Familistic. The following conclusions were made: 1) birth rate is affected by various factors, such as education of women, urbanization level, financial situation in family, household structure; 2) state of the key components in the dynamics of family is characterized by the increase in a number of households, reduction in their size, complication or simplification of family structure, prevalence of one-child and growth of the portion of two-children families.
Optimal Anchoring of a Urea-based Foldamer Inhibitor of ASF1 Histone Chaperone Through Backbone Plasticity
Authors: Mbianda Johanne , Bakail May , André Christophe , Moal Gwenaëlle , Perrin Marie E. , Guerois Raphaël , Becher François , Legrand Pierre , Traore Seydou , Douat Céline , GUICHARD Gilles , OCHSENBEIN Francoise
Published: July 2020

Sequence-specific oligomers with predictable folding patterns, i.e. foldamers provide new opportunities to mimic α-helical peptides and design inhibitors of protein-protein interactions. One major hurdle of this strategy is to retain the correct orientation of key side chains involved in protein surface recognition. Here, we show that the structural plasticity of a foldamer backbone may significantly contribute to the required spatial adjustment for optimal interaction with the protein surface. By using oligoureas as α-helix mimics, we designed a foldamer/peptide hybrid inhibitor of histone chaperone ASF1, a key regulator of chromatin dynamics. The crystal structure of its complex with ASF1 reveals a striking plasticity of the urea backbone, which adapts to the ASF1 surface to maintain the same binding interface. One additional benefit of generating ASF1 ligands with non-peptide oligourea segments is the resistance to proteolysis in human plasma which was highly improved compared to the cognate α-helical peptide.
Assessment Of Cardiovascular Risk In Patients Attending Hospital For The Treatment Of Other Disorders
Authors: Praveen Kumar T  , Shaik Sabiya  , Prashanthi P  , Chinna Eswaraiah M
Published: July 2020

Main objective our work was to assess the cardiovascular risk in patients attending hospital with other diseases and to determine the effect of each risk factor on CVD risk. The study was a prospective observational study conducted for a period of 6 months from June 2019 to Nov 2019 in tertiary care hospitals in Khammam region. 200 subjects were selected as per inclusion criteria. CVD risk was assessed using Framingham scale and ASCVD scores. Among all the participants in the study, 102 were males and 98 were females. Abnormal HTN, RBS, FBS, PPBS, total cholesterol and Low Density Lipoproteins were found more in male subjects than female subjects. Males of age group 51 to 60 and females of age group 41 to 50 were found to be more susceptible to CVD risk. Our study showed that the age, physical inactivity, dietary habits, obesity, smoking, alcohol, dyslipidemia, Hypertension and Diabetes had direct effect on cardiovascular risk.
Formulation and Evaluation of fixed dose combination of Nootropic drugs
Authors: Priyavarshini R  , Shweta Betala  , Amit B Patil
Published: July 2020

Cognitive functions are the critical brain functions responsible for the effective learning and understanding in the humans. They are responsible for various functions like attention, memory, reasoning and in turn helps to improve knowledge. Cognitive impairment is majorly seen in elderly as the brain is prone to neuro degradation. It may also occur in young adults due to poor diet or exercise. Improving cognition is of utmost importance and can be done by the use of cognition enhancers like Nootropics. This class of drugs is said to act by various mechanisms, which in turn leads to the betterment of the neurotransmission in the brain. They may act on acetylcholine, Gamma Butyric Acid, on the beta amyloid receptor or on NMDA. This research emphasis on the enhancement of cognition along with treating various neurodegenerative diseases like dementia, Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s. Nootropic drugs are chosen for this formulation as they exhibit a rationale in combination with each other since they follow distinctive route of mechanism to treat the diseases. They also show action by preventing the worsening of the disease and by curing the disease. Nootropics are known to have low toxicity leading to their wide acceptance and research. As compared to other combination of nootropic, in this combination, the side effects are reduced of one in presence of the other and show a much higher bioavailability. They cross the blood brain barrier and central nervous system half-life is longer as compared to the systemic half-life owing to their efficacy and superiority over other nootropics when it comes to treating cognition Fixed dose combination of these nootropic drugs is desired and the dose can’t be varied as they no longer show their effect if not used in the exact dose required. The dosage of this varied drug depends on the severity of the disease and patient condition. The research has helped to achieve the reduction in the total tablet mass from 1500 mg to 1420 mg with the use of few excipients. This made it easier for patients to swallow the tablet easily due to an oval shape of the tablet formulation.
Comparison of Health Outcomes in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis
Authors: Savitha R S  , Libina Thomas  , Manjunath S Shetty  , Kiran K K
Published: July 2020

Though several studies have assessed Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) and factors affecting HRQoL in maintenance haemodialysis (MHD) patients, there are limited data about health outcomes in diabetic and non-diabetic patients on MHD in Indian setup.The study aimed to compare Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) in diabetic and non-diabetic patients undergoing maintenance haemodialysis (MHD), to assess the effect of patient education on HRQoL, and factors affecting HRQoL in diabetic and non-diabetic patients undergoing MHD. This eight month prospective interventional study on ambulatory haemodialysis patients assessed HRQoL using the kidney disease quality of life (KDQoLTM-36) questionnaire at baseline, 3 months and 6 months. Comprehensive patient education was provided to patients during study period. Patient responses to questionnaire were compared between baseline and two follow-ups for all patients and between diabetic and nondiabetic patients.89 patients were enrolled into this study and 69 (30 diabetics and 39 non-diabetics) were followed up. The mean age of the study population was 46 ± 12 years. It was observed non-diabetic patients had better HRQoL than diabetic patients undergoing MHD. An improvement in HRQoL from baseline was observed after providing patient education. Male gender (p=0.032), high school education or lesser (p=0.049), smoking history (p=0.031) and dialysis for < three years (p=0.035) were factors with significant influence on HRQoL. Non-diabetic patients had better HRQoL when compared to diabetic patients undergoing MHD. Patient care focussed on factors contributing to lower HRQoL in patients undergoing MHD may improve health outcomes.
Drug – Drug Interactions Between Newer Anti- Retroviral Drugs And Anti Epileptics - A Review
Authors: Vaishnavi S  , Balaji S  , Ramesh M  , Mothi S N  , Swamy V H T  , Srirama B R
Published: July 2020

Drug – Drug Interactions (DDIs) are the leading cause of drug toxicity and emergence of drug resistance, ultimately leading to increased burden in People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLHIV). On an average 55 % of people on Anti Retroviral Therapy (ARVs) are co-administered with Anti Epileptic Drugs (AEDs). The introduction of newer anti-retroviral drugs such as dolutegravir, bictegravir, emtricitabine, doravirine are proven to have less side effects, high tolerability and effective decrease in the viral load, but the risk of DDIs still stands to be high. This review briefly describes about the pharmacokinetic properties of dolutegravir, bictegravir, emtricitabine, doravirine, mechanism of interaction between the above mentioned ARVs and AEDs, effect of DDIs on ARVs, effect of DDIs on interacting AEDs, outcome of DDIs and possible management of DDIs. The pharmacokinetic type of DDIs was observed between the ARVs and AEDs. The majority of DDIs were found affecting the metabolism and the absorption of the drugs. UGT1A1, CYP 3A are the two important classes of metabolic enzymes involved in the DDIs and p- glycoprotein (P-gp) is the transporter involved in the DDIs affecting the absorption. Significant interactions have been found in between the above mentioned newer ARV’s with carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, phenytoin and phenobarbitol.
Effectiveness of self help strategies (shs) for pcos on biochemical parameters among young adult girls
Authors: Tamilselvi S  , Nalini S J
Published: July 2020

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with the predominance of 5 to 7% among youthful grown-up is a main source of infertility and endocrine issue. Metabolic clutters, for example, increased levels of LH and FSH in these young ladies was normal and impacts soundness of the youthful grown-up with PCOS in long-term. Treatment of female infertility and other entanglements needs to have direct hormones and get exogenous hormone. In this investigation, levels of Luteinizing hormone (LH) and Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone among young adults with PCOS were measured. The consequence of this investigation demonstrated that LH, FSH and Free testosterone hormone levels were altogether extraordinary in this disorder. The adjustments in the hormones show an intense effect on the character of the young people. It is a time of existence with explicit wellbeing and formative needs and rights to create information and aptitudes figure out how to oversee feelings and connections, and secure properties and capacities that will be significant for getting a charge out of the immature years and expecting adult roles. To identify the effectiveness of self help strategies in reducing PCOS symptoms.
Obesity and Breast Cancer: Circulating Adipokines and Their Potential Diagnostic as Risk Biomarkers
Authors: Hind Shakir Ahmed
Published: July 2020

Obesity and cancer are two major epidemics of this century. Obesity is related to a higher risk of many types of cancer. Studies have accessed circulating adipokines, as key-mediators in obesity and breast cancer. The study is aimed to examine the circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-1, leptin, adiponectin, and resistin in premenopausal Iraqi women with breast cancer. The current study was performed during the period from June 2019 to December 2019 at Oncology unit/ Medical City Hospital-Baghdad. A total of 90 premenopausal women with BC/ stage II and III after 2nd dose of chemotherapy were contributed in this study as patients group. Their ages ranged from (35- 50) years in addition to 90 premenopausal healthy women were designated as a control group. There was a substantial rise (p < 0.05) in fasting serum glucose, total serum cholesterol, triacylglycerol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, CA15-3, insulin-like growth factor-1, leptin, leptin/adiponectin ratio, and resistin. While there was a substantial decrease (p= 0.01) in serum adiponectin in patients as paralleled to healthy. There was a considerable rise (p ≤ 0.05) in serum insulin-like growth factor-1, leptin, and resistin, while there was a reduced in serum adiponectin in obese patients as paralleled to overweight, but it was not significant. Additionally, circulating levels of insulin-like growth factor-1, leptin, and resistin were significantly increased (p= 0.001) in patients who had tumour size > 5 cm paralleled to those with tumour size 2-5 cm.Higher levels of serum leptin, resistin, and leptin to adiponectin ratio are related to improved breast cancer risk in Iraqi women. The clinical and pathological features of the tumour recommended that these adipokines might affect the development of breast cancer. Thus adipokines, in complicated and interrelated mechanisms, maybe drive breast cancer instigation and progression.
Study of effect of various treatments in clinically diagnosed patients of Carpal tunnel syndrome
Authors: Sahoo J.K.  , Joshi A.G
Published: July 2020

Carpal tunnel syndrome is the compression neuropathy in upper extremity. Several researches have been done to see the effect of various treatments separately. But very little research work is available for comparison of treatments. So the study was aimed to study the clinical and electrophysiological findings and their Comparision before and after various treatments. NCS was carried out in 200 CTS patients before and after 6weeks of treatment. Patients were divided into 4 groups. Group I- operative, Group II-medicinal treatment, Group III-exercise, Group IV-medicine+exercise. Clinical and electrophysiological parameters all groups were compared before and after treatment. Group (I), showed significant changes in all parameters except SNAP in operated Rt. Hand as compared to Lt. Hand. Group-II showed significant changes in DML,DML(diff.),DSL,DSL(Diff.)except CMAP,SNAP,&SCV in Rt. Hand but in Lt. hand DML,DML(diff.)DSL showed significant changes where as DSL(Diff.) CMAP,SNAP,&SCV were non-significant. Group-III showed significant changes in DML, DML(diff.),DSL,DSL(Diff.) but SCV,SNAP and CMAP were non-significant in Rt. hand but in Lt. hand only DML(diff.) was significant . Group-IV showed significant changes in all parameters except SCV in Rt. hand but in Lt. hand DML, DML (diff.),DSL, DSL(Diff.) were significant , where as SNAP, CMAP, and SCV were non-significant. It was concluded that maximum improvement was observed in clinical and electrophysiological parameters in operative group, then Medicine + exercise Group, then exercise Group and minimum in Medicinal treatment Group. So operative method is the method of choice for CTS; however the duration of treatment should be more so that further improvements can be seen in all parameters.
Botox: Therapy Beyond Beauty
Authors: Hetal Purohit  , Sweta Kale Pisulkar  , Rohit Mistry  , Chinmayee Dahihandekar  , Surekha Godbole  , Soniya Aswale
Published: July 2020

Botulinum toxin originated from the Latin term ‘botulus’ meaning ‘sausage’. Botulinum toxin is a bacterial extract which acts at the synaptic level and inhibits the neuronal uptake of acetylcholine causing inhibition of muscular contraction. This property of botox proves to be useful in various muscle spastic disorders. Commercially accessible under the brand label of Botox and is universally used in cosmetic field in managing wrinkles and crow lines correspondingly it has multitude of use in treating innumerable maxillofacial complex disorders like Temperomandibular disorders, Hypertonicity of lips, gummy smiles, Bruxism, trigeminal neuralgia and other types of facial pain. Botox is regarded as minimally invasive procedure with promising results in muscular disorders as well as cosmetic purpose. Botulinum when used in therapeutic doses proves to be boon to mankind. The effects are dose dependent as it comes with the black box warning. Overcoming this disadvantage of botox, the newly emerged Frotox ® based on the (Focussed Cold Therapy) is used nowadays and proves to be more efficacious.This article describes in detail about the origin of the toxin, it’s commercially available forms. It also describes the clinical technique, its pros and cons with instructions with patient as well as operator point of view.
Comparison of Analgesic Efϑicacy of subarachnoid Bupivacaine, Bupivacaine with Fentanyl and Bupivacaine with Nalbuphine An Intragroup Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Pratibha Deshmukh  , Medha A Sangawar  , Nikita Dhumne
Published: July 2020

Opioids are added to local anesthetics to extend theduration of spinal analgesia/anaesthesia.The present study was undertaken to compare the analgesic efficacy of subarachnoid hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% alone as a control,bupivacaine 0.5% with fentanyl and bupivacaine 0.5% with nalbuphine. Total 150 patients of either sex, ASA grade I and II, between 18 to 60 years and height 150 to 170 cm, posted for elective lower abdominal and lower limb surgeries were enrolled. They were divided into three equal groups. Group B: received 15mg hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5%(3ml) + 0.5ml normal saline, Group BF: received 15mg hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% (3ml) + Inj. Fentanyl25µg(0.5ml) and Group BN: received 15mg hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5%(3ml) + Inj. Nalbuphine 500µg(0.5ml). The sensorimotor blockade was significantly faster and prolonged in group BF and BN than group B. Quality of analgesia during the procedure was excellent in 90%, 94% and 94% in group B, BF and BN respectively. The duration of effective analgesia in group B (229.80± 43.542min) was significantly shorter in comparison with group BF (359.40 ± 45.955min) and BN (364.20 ± 38.34min), (P= 0.0001). Subarachnoid fentanyl 25µg and nalbuphine 500µg acts as an adjuvant to potentiate localanesthetic bupivacaine with the result that there is prolongation of sensory and motor blockade& extended duration of effective analgesia in early postoperative period, reducing the total consumption of rescue analgesics.
PERANCANGAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM DIAGNOSIS PENYAKIT DYSPEPSIA MENGGUNAKAN METODE BAYES
Authors: Mustofa Yasin Aril , KUMALA IRMA SURYA
Published: July 2020

Penyakit Dypepsia merupakan kumpulan keluhan/gejala klinis (sindrom) rasa tidak nyaman atau nyeri yang di rasakan di daerah abdomen bagian atas yang disertai dengan keluhan lain yaitu perasaan panas di dada dan perut, regurgitas, kembung, perut terasa penuh, cepat kenyang, sendawa, anoreksia, mual, muntah dan banyak mengeluarkan gas dari mulut. Data Medical Record RSUD Prof. Dr. H. Aloei Saboe Kota Gorontalo dari tahun 2013-2015, jumlah pasien penyakit Dyspepsia mencapai 2.666 orang, rata-rata setiap tahunnya ada sekitar kurang lebih 600 pasien penyakit Dyspepsia di rawat inap dan rawat jalan. Metode Bayes merupakan metode yang baik didalam mesin pembelajaran berdasarkan data training, dengan menggunakan probabilitas bersyarat sebagai dasarnya. Metode Bayes juga merupakan suatu metode untuk menghasilkan estimasi parameter dengan menggabungkan informasi dari sampel dan informasi lain yang telah tersedia sebelumnya. implementasi Sistem Diagnosis Penyakit Dyspepsia Menggunakan Metode Bayes dapat direkayasa, sehingga membantu dan memudahkan pihak RSUD Prof.Dr.H. Aloei Saboe Kota Gorontalo serta pihak masyarakat dalam mendiagnosa penyakit Dyspepsia.
GENDER GAP IN EDUCATION: THE CASE OF EASTERN & SOUTH-EASTERN REGIONS OF AFGHANISTAN
Authors: Totakhiel Najibullah
Published: July 2020

This research aims to find the size of the gender gap in education in the ten provinces of the Eastern Region (ER) and the South-Eastern Region (SER) of Afghanistan. Based on the World Economic Forum (WEF) approach to the gender gap, the study measures the educational gender gap index (EGGI) at both the regional and provincial level.

The study found that the regional EGGI is 0.30. This means that 70% of the gender gap remains. The EGGI in the ER is 0.35, while in the SER it is 0.25, which means that 65% and 75% of the gender gap remains in the ER and the SER respectively. Thus, the gap is smaller in the ER than in the SER. At the provincial level, the best performing province is Nangarhar, where 42% of the gap has been closed. The worst performing province is Wardak, where only 15% of the gap has been closed.

Of the six sub-indexes of the EGGI which were calculated from the primary data, the largest gender disparity is in the enrolment in tertiary level education, which has a gap of 69%. The second largest gap is 55% for the number of male and female schools. Both middle school enrolment and teacher gender ratio have similar sized gaps of 53%. The gaps for enrolment in primary education and secondary education are lower, at 30% and 43% respectively. The gap between the male and female student-teacher ratios is 73.6%. Furthermore, there is a 67.7% gap in literacy rate between males and females across the country.
The elastic, magnetic, and electrical properties of Sr1–уYуCoO3–x cobaltites in the composition range 0.2 ≤ y ≤ 0.3
Authors: Bushinsky M. V. , Tereshko N. V. , Chobot A. N. , Mantytskaya O. S. , Fedotova V. V. , Chobot G. M. , Pastushonok S. N.
Published: July 2020

Anion-deficient layered cobaltites Sr0.75Ln0.25CoO3–x (Ln is a lanthanide) have attracted the special attention of the scientists who study the nature of phase transformations in perovskite-like cobaltites, the anomalous behavior of the temperature magnetization of which is still the subject of scientific discussion. The purpose of this work is to investigate the regularity of changes in the elastic, magnetic, and electrical properties of layered cobaltites Sr1–уYуCoO3–x in the composition range 0.2 ≤ y ≤ 0.3 over a wide temperature range. The studied polycrystalline samples were obtained by the known ceramic technology in the air. Electron microscopic studies were performed on a LEO 1455 PV scanning electron microscope. The temperature dependence of the Young’s modulus was studied by the method of resonance vibrations in the frequency range 1000–6000 Hz and in the temperature range 100–450 K. X-ray phase analysis was performed on a DRON-3M diffractometer under Cu-Kα radiation. Magnetic measurements were performed using a physical property measurement system (Cryogenic Ltd.) in the temperature range 5–325 K. As a result of the studies, it was found that in the temperature range 25–300 K, Sr1–уYуCoO3–x solid solutions (0.2 ≤ y ≤ 0.3) are characterized by the semiconductor-like conductivity. No significant magnetoresistive effect was observed in this temperature range for the studied compositions. It was shown that the Sr1–уYуCoO3–x solid solution (у = 0.25) exhibits two magnetic phase transformations: low-temperature near 220 K and high-temperature at 350 K. The nearby compositions of the concentration range 0.2 ≤ y ≤ 0.3 exhibit magnetic phase transformations at temperatures above room temperature. No low-temperature phase transitions were detected in them. It has been established that magnetic phase transformations are accompanied by structural transitions at corresponding temperatures.
Packing dimensions of basins in the space of sequences
Authors: Bakhtin V. I. , Sadok B.
Published: July 2020

We consider a space of infinite signals composed of finite-alphabet letters. Each signal generates a sequence of empirical measures on the alphabet and a limit set corresponding to this sequence. The space of signals is partitioned into narrow basins consisting of signals with identical limit sets for the empirical measures, and the packing dimension is computed for each narrow basin.
Confinement in the two-dimensional yukawa theory with the Higgs mass generation mechanism
Authors: Shohonov D. A. , Shulyakovsky R. G.
Published: July 2020

We considered the two-dimensional theoretical field model of interaction of scalar and fermion fields with the Higgs potential. Contribution of instanton effects to total fermion propagator is calculated. Mass correction to the propagator in the presence of an instanton field is determined. The obtained results can be interpreted as confinement.
Estimation of the resource of pipes of the main circulation pipeline of a NPP by the criterion of crack resistance with account of operational degradation of properties
Authors: Bogdanovich A. V.
Published: July 2020

The results of an experimental determination of the characteristics of cyclic crack growth resistance of specimens made of stainless steel 08Kh18N12T are given. Compact samples 20 mm thick cut from Du 550–30 pipes of the primary circuit of the main circulation pipeline (MCР) were studied under eccentric tension in the initial state and after 100 thousand hours of operation in the conditions of the Novo-Voronezh NPP. Using a new engineering approach based on measuring the specimen tightening and constructing a cyclic elastoplastic fracture diagram for a specimen with a crack in the coordinates “tightening – the stress intensity factor, calculated taking into account the plasticity correction”, a calculated life estimation is given for the pipe of Du 550–30 MCР NPP, made of 08Kh18N12T steel, according to the criterion of cyclic crack growth resistance, taking into account operational degradation of properties caused by the running time of 100 thousand hours. The life (survivability), expressed in a number of cycles of change in internal pressure, for a pipe with the most dangerous defects (surface semi-elliptical crack and combined defect “pitting + crack”) is determined. An analysis of the influence of the level of initial damage and the type of hazardous defect on the survivability of the pipes is made. The results can be used to analyze damage and predict the life of pipes made of ductile metals and alloys, in cooling systems of reactors, as well as main pipelines of hydrocarbon transport.
Multilayered conductive films of semiconductor devices and integrated circuits
Authors: Emelyanov V. A. , Baranov V. V. , Emelyanov V. V.
Published: July 2020

The stress-migration phenomenon in films of alloy Al–Si which is observed at a current of high density (an order 105 А/mm2) is investigated. By results of researches the technical decision which allows quality raise of obtained film structures is offered. Its essence consists in formation in films the traps for migrating atoms of aluminium at course of a current of high density at the expense of formation the passive layer of TiN on the metal layer surface, for example, Al–1,5 %Si. In the presence of advanced relief of a surface of modern integrated circuits, for example with sub-micron sizes of the topology elements, the thickness and structure of metal current-carrying films on relief steps differs from what are located on planar sites. It leads to occurrence of essential gradients of mechanical pressure which are stress-migration motive power. As it is known, that temperature factor of linear expansion of aluminium is approximately 20 times, than SiO2, that causes active generation of dot defects in a layer of the alloy on the base of aluminium which is much more plastic than SiO2. Under the influence of a gradient of residual pressure, dot defects, existed in films, for example vacancies, come to movement mainly on border of metal - dielectric and in due course under the influence of a current of high density lead to formation of group defects in an alloy film, in particular emptiness, hills etc. Since stress-migration processes on these sites occur most intensively, as a result there is a rupture of films mainly on steps of a topological relief. Results of the research have passed approbation and can be used at manufacturing of silicon semi-conductor devices and integrated microcircuits.
Influence of the dispersion method of modified layered silicate on the structure and properties of mixed composites based on polyamide and functionalized polyolefin
Authors: Pesetskii S. S. , Krivoguz Yu. M. , Bogdanovich S. P.
Published: July 2020

The dependences of the structure and properties of polyamide 6 (PA6) with a functionalized polyolefin (FPO) mixtures on the dispersing method of organically modified clay Cloisite 30В (Cl30В) were studied. The concentration of Cl30B organoclay in PA6/fPO mixtures was constant and amounted to 3.0 wt.%, and the content of fPO varied from 10 to 50 wt.%. Compounding of the mixtures was carried out in the melt using a twin-screw extrusion reactor-mixer. Organoclay was introduced into the composition of the mixtures in two ways: simultaneously with all polymer components (one-stage process) and from the previously obtained Cl30B concentrate into fPO (two-stage process). It is established that the introduction of Cl30B organoclay into the composition of the PA6/fPO mixture using the two-stage technology makes it possible to obtain nanocomposites with increased yield strengths (5–6 %), tensile strength (9–15 %), and elongation at break (1.2–4 times) compared with nanocomposites prepared according to a single-stage technology. At the same time, nanocomposites obtained by a single-stage technology in which PA6 forms a dispersion medium, regardless of the type of incision and the test method, have higher impact resistance (up to 1.2 times) than materials prepared by the two-stage method. This is explained by differences in the degree of dispersion of the nanofiller and the level of interphase interactions between the polymer components and nanoparticles, as a result of which the crystallinity of the components in the mixtures changes, as well as the complex of their rheological and mechanical characteristics. It was also shown that Cl30B organoclay additives, irrespective to the method of its introduction, increase the thermal stability of PA 6/fPO mixtures in comparison with the initial PA6. The results can be used in the development of real technical nanocomposites with improved properties based on PA6 and fPO.
Kinematic analysis of the method increasing the accuracy of treatment of conic surfaces
Authors: Kozeruk A. S. , Dias Gonsales R. O. , Filonova M. I. , Kuznechik V. О. , Varopay E. N.
Published: July 2020

A method for processing high-precision conical surfaces under conditions of free grinding on a lever machine is proposed, which allows adjusting the process parameters taking into account the technological heredity of the workpiece from the point of view of the distribution pattern of the allowance to be removed from its surface. The scheme of implementation of the method in which the main links are a tool in the form of a faceplate and a separator for maintaining the required accuracy of its flatness. In order to develop a method of targeted control of the actuation of the working surface of the tool to maintain the required accuracy of its flatness, mathematical modeling of the motion patterns of the links of the actuator of the base machine, on which the proposed device for processing conical parts is installed, was performed. In the process of mathematical simulation structural analysis of the executive mechanism of the lever machine is carried out, connection between the generalized coordinate and provisions of links of the executive mechanism of the lever machine is established, position of the lever and the upper link in the vertical plane is probed, geometrical parameters of reflexive rotational motion of the upper link are considered, the ratio for calculation of length of a crank of the executive mechanism of the machine depending on amplitude of figurative movement of its output link is obtained. An analytical relationship has been established between the input and output links of the machine actuator, which makes it possible to calculate the length of the first of the marked links depending on the required amplitude of the oscillatory motion of the second of them and creates the prerequisites for the development of engineering methods for controlling the process of forming high-precision conical surfaces under conditions of free grinding.
The Digital Transformation of Italy’s Public Sector
Authors: Battisti Daniela
Published: July 2020

Italy’s digital performance does not fare well in the international rankings. Italy has tried disparate options for digitally transforming the public sector. Throughout the years, different governments introduced different types of governance but, unfortunately, the situation has not improved. Most recently, though, there have been signs of change. The country is experiencing a new awareness; the new challenges that the digital transition is generating are becoming a policy priority. Continuity and consistency in the country’s digital strategy are reasons to believe that the digital transformation of the public sector may be on the right track at last.