bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mortalidad y vulnerabilidad ambiental en los municipios de la cuenca y la ribera del Usumacinta del trienio 2014-2016.
Authors: Ochoa Torres María del Pilar , Muños Hernández José , Freyermuth Enciso Graciela
Published: August 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la relación entre la vulnerabilidad ambiental y la mortalidad por causas asociadas a las condiciones medioambientales entre la población de los municipios de Campeche, Chiapas y Tabasco que forman parte de la cuenca del río Usumacinta. Se utilizó un modelo de autocorrelación espacial que permite observar la relación entre el índice de vulnerabilidad ambiental durante 2016, y la tasa de mortalidad por causas asociadas a condiciones medioambientales, variables que interrelacionadas permiten reconocer los efectos del cambio climático en la salud (SSA/INEGI). Se identificó un clúster de municipios con un elevado registro de causas de mortalidad que a su vez se encuentran correlacionados con una elevada vulnerabilidad ambiental a la que está expuesta la población
Reflexiones en torno a la historia de las relaciones entre tojolabales, tseltales y chujes
Authors: Guerrero Martínez Fernando
Published: August 2020

El trabajo parte de la consideración de que el idioma tojol-ab’al es una lengua mixta, surgida a partir del contacto entre tseltal y chuj, según estudios lingüísticos recientes. Tomando en cuenta esto, se analiza la información disponible acerca de la historia de dichos pueblos mayas y sus relaciones, mediante la articulación de datos provenientes de documentos coloniales y su estudio desde la disciplina histórica, con aquellos derivados de investigaciones etnográficas. Se muestran las pruebas que permiten hablar de una región multilingüe en la que confluyeron diversos grupos en el siglo XVI, mientras que, desde la visión de los habitantes actuales, historia y mito se entrelazan para explicar movimientos poblacionales y vínculos entre comunidades a lo largo del tiempo. El análisis invita a considerar uno de los escenarios hipotéticos propuestos desde la lingüística para el tipo de contacto que pudo haberse dado entre tseltal y chuj.
De rerum natura: orígenes y usos de las metáforas biológicas en la teoría archivística clásica
Authors: Araujo Juan Facundo
Published: August 2020

Este trabajo se propone analizar los antecedentes y fundamentos de las metáforas de índole biológica en la teoría archivística. En primer lugar, se examinará la retórica orgánica como ordenador intelectual para explicitar el Contrato Social moderno presente en Thomas Hobbes, Herbert Spencer y Jean-Jacques Rousseau. La lectura que realiza Michel Foucault sobre este corpus resulta clave para evidenciar esa unión entre la teoría biológica positivista del siglo XIX y el discurso del poder. Posteriormente, procederemos a examinar el impacto de esta metáfora biopolítica en los postulados clásicos de la archivística desde fines del siglo XIX: la noción del fondo de archivo como un todo orgánico en el Manual Holandés, el documento de archivo como evidencia en Hilary Jenkinson y la teoría del ciclo vital de Theodore Schellenberg.
The Problems of Consumer Protection in Fintech Peer To Peer Lending Business Activities in Indonesia
Authors: Disemadi Hari Sutra , Yusro Mochammad Abizar , Balqis Wizna Gania
Published: August 2020

Industrial Revolution 4.0 has influenced the development of technology and information. The presence of financial technology (fintech) especially fintech peer to peer lending in Indonesia is proof that the Industrial Revolution 4.0 has had an influence on economic aspects as a fundamental aspect of the country. The implementation of fintech peer to peer lending in providing alternative financing to consumers is currently faced with several problems, especially issues related to consumer protection. This study uses a normative legal research method with a statutory approach. This research shows that the state has tried to provide preventive protection to consumers through several regulations, namely Bank Indonesia Regulation Number 19/12/PBI/2017 concerning the Implementation of Financial Technology that regulates the procedures for implementing fintech in Indonesia and also the OJK Regulation Number 77/POJK.01/2016 on Information Technology-Based Lending and Borrowing Services that regulates OJK's supervisory function in implementing fintech peer to peer lending in Indonesia. This protects consumers through the regulation of digital-based savings and loan providers which must be officially registered to guarantee the legality of the organizer, electronic documents by statutory provisions, and dispute resolution mechanisms in the event of a dispute related to fintech peer to peer lending business activities.
A Comprehensive Force Majeure Model Clause in Corporate Transactions in Indonesia
Authors: Dinar I Gusti Agung Ayu Gita Pritayanti , Budiartha I Nyoman Putu
Published: August 2020

Force majeure clause is presented in various models, from the simple to the complex ones that contain comprehensive descriptions, provisions, and notifications set out in an agreement with the details of the consequences of force majeure events. Force majeure clause serves as a complementary core clause and a renegotiating tool for the parties in the case of any event occurring beyond their reasonable control, which is important enough not to be overlooked by business actors. The Covid-19 pandemic which is currently ongoing worldwide, which has been declared as a global pandemic by World Health Organization (WHO) on 11 March 2020, has had a huge impact on the social life and the world economy which is very unsettling for business people, banks, and the society in general. The research questions investigated in this study are: (i) What are the factors causing failures in the performance of contractual obligations? (ii) What is a comprehensive force majeure model clause for corporate transactions in Indonesia? This study employs the normative legal research method. A normative legal research is guided by the characteristics of the object of the research, yet remains limited by the expected outcome of the norms initially established. The theories applied in investigating the problems in this research are the will theory (wilstheorie), trust theory (vertrouwensttheorie), and statement theory (verklaringstheori). In this study, will be identified a comprehensive force majeure clause enables the party who experiences a force majeure event to waive some provisions in the contract agreement.
Geographic and Racial/Ethnic Variation in Glycemic Control and Treatment in a National Sample of Veterans With Diabetes
Authors: Hunt Kelly J. , Davis Melanie , Pearce John , Bian John , Guagliardo Mark F. , Moy Ernest , Axon R. Neal , Neelon Brian
Published: August 2020

OBJECTIVE

Geographic and racial/ethnic disparities related to diabetes control and treatment have not previously been examined at the national level.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a national cohort of 1,140,634 veterans with diabetes, defined as two or more diabetes ICD-9 codes (250.xx) across inpatient and outpatient records. Main exposures of interest included 125 Veterans Administration Medical Center (VAMC) catchment areas as well as racial/ethnic group. The main outcome measure was HbA1c level dichotomized at ≥8.0% (≥64 mmol/mol).

RESULTS

After adjustment for age, sex, racial/ethnic group, service-connected disability, marital status, and the van Walraven Elixhauser comorbidity score, the prevalence of uncontrolled diabetes varied by VAMC catchment area, with values ranging from 19.1% to 29.2%. Moreover, these differences largely persisted after further adjusting for medication use and adherence as well as utilization and access metrics. Racial/ethnic differences in diabetes control were also noted. In our final models, compared with non-Hispanic Whites, non-Hispanic Blacks (odds ratio 1.11 [95% credible interval 1.09–1.14]) and Hispanics (1.36 [1.09–1.14]) had a higher odds of uncontrolled HBA1c level.

CONCLUSIONS

In a national cohort of veterans with diabetes, we found geographic as well as racial/ethnic differences in diabetes control rates that were not explained by adjustment for demographics, comorbidity burden, use or type of diabetes medication, health care utilization, access metrics, or medication adherence. Moreover, disparities in suboptimal control appeared consistent across most, but not all, VAMC catchment areas, with non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic veterans having a higher odds of suboptimal diabetes control than non-Hispanic White veterans.
Strategies to Improve Annual Diabetic Foot Screening Compliance at a Family Clinic
Authors: Cooksey Carlie
Published: August 2020

The project site is a primary care practice in Southeast Texas
that provides efficient and easily accessible preventive care to patients of
all ages and demographics. Given that Texas has the highest uninsured rate in
the United States, this clinic also prides itself on offering affordable
options for self-pay patients. The clinic is staffed by two providers, an
office manager, two medical assistants, a biller, and a front desk clerical staff
member. This family clinic is unique in that it serves as a teaching clinic for
medical, nurse practitioner, and physician assistant students. Healthcare
professional trainees are directly supervised by licensed providers during
their learning experience. The clinic treats ~2,000 patients annually, 156 of
which have been diagnosed with diabetes. Of those with diagnosed diabetes, 70%
are >50 years of age.
Managing Hyperglycemia In The Covid-19 Inflammatory Storm
Authors: Admin Ada , Gianchandani Roma , Esfandiari Nazanene H. , Ang Lynn , Iyengar Jennifer , Knotts Sharon , Choksi Palak , Pop-Busui Rodica
Published: August 2020

A
novel Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) is now at global pandemic levels
causing significant morbidity and mortality. Patients with diabetes are particularly
vulnerable and more likely to get severe complications when infected with this
virus. Although the information continues to emerge, here we provide our
perspective on initial outcomes observed in hospitalized patients with diabetes
and the potential role played by the pro inflammatory metabolic state in these
patients that promotes fertile ground for the virus’ inflammatory surge,
resulting in severe insulin resistance and severe hyperglycemia. The rapidly
evolving renal failure, hypotension, pressor and steroid use, and variable
nutritional support further complicates their management. Thus, timely implementation
of glucose management protocols addressing these complex scenarios while also
following COVID-19 related trajectories in inflammatory biomarkers and are
cognizant of the health care provider exposure may substantially affect
morbidity and mortality.
Las TIC que influyen en un mayor uso del Internet en Oaxaca
Authors: Jiménez García Martha , Pérez Soto Francisco
Published: August 2020

Los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) han indicado la importancia del acceso a las tecnologías de información y comunicación (TIC), así como del acceso al Internet, pues esto propicia innovación, lo cual ayuda a generar empleos y crecimiento económico. Por tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las TIC como factores que inciden en un aumento del uso del Internet en Oaxaca, México. En el método, se tomaron los datos de la Encuesta Nacional sobre Disponibilidad y Uso de las TIC en los Hogares (Endutih) realizada por el Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (Inegi), en específico aquellos pertenecientes al estado de Oaxaca. La muestra fue de 1859 personas. Se elaboró un modelo de regresión lineal múltiple por mínimos cuadrados ordinarios. En los resultados se encontró que se tiene un mayor uso del Internet a través de: 1) Tutoriales (0.7269) de cualquier tema de interés (a través de YouTube o de otras plataformas), 2) Conversaciones telefónicas (0.11609) a través de Skype o WhatsApp, 3) Mensajes instantáneos (2.9041) por medio de WhatsApp, Messenger o Twitter, 4) Lecturas (0.2647) de periódicos, revistas o libros, 5) Audiovisual (0.14672) como películas, series, conciertos y otros audiovisuales de pago (Netflix, Clarovideo, Blim, OTT) y 6) Escuchar música gratis (0.36497) que no sea radio AM y FM (Spotify, Google Play Music, entre otros). Se concluye que los mensajes instantáneos, los tutoriales y la música son los que tienen un mayor impacto en el aumento del uso del Internet, por lo que las campañas de publicidad para anuncios de difusión y venta de productos artesanales de Oaxaca deben ser a través de estos medios, pues son los más utilizados en Oaxaca.
Korelasi Input Siswa Tahun Pertama Jurusan Teknik Listrik SMK Dengan Capaian KKM Tahun Pertama
Authors: Sahuri Yunisha , Habibullah Habibullah , Dewi Citra
Published: August 2020

Input siswa menentukan kelansungan siswa di tingkat selanjutnya yaitu SMA/SMK , dan di Sekolah menengah kejuruan tidak hanya mempelajari pelajaran khusus jurusan tertentu saja tapi juga mempelajari pelajaran umum yang menujang pelajaran siswa pada pelajaran kejuruan seperti pelajaran Matematika dan IPA terkhusus jurusan teknik instalasi tenaga listrik sangat penting untuk mempelajari pelajaran tersebut dan pemahaman pealajaran Matematika dan IPA tersebut bisa dilihat dari nilai UN SMP/MTs siswa sebagai input siswa dan  untuk kelasungan pemahaman siswa di tingkat SMK dilihat dari capaian KKM siswa tahun pertama SMK. Maka di kaji hubungan input siswa yaitu nilai UN SMP/MTs pada mata pelajaran Matematika dan IPA dengan capaian KKM tahun pertama siswa SMK pada mata pelajaran DLE dan Fisika. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMK N 1 Padang dan penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji hubungan input siswa dengan capaian KKM tahun pertama siswa SMK. Metode yang di gunakan pada penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriftif dengan pengumpulan data dan hasil wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya hubungan input siswa dengan capaian KKM tahun pertama siswa SMK dari pengelompokan data nilai yang di ambil pada 1 kelas X jurusan TITL sebanyak 30 siswa dan di perkuat dengan hasil wawancara terhadap siswa SMK.
Alat Pemberian Pakan Ikan Otomatis
Authors: Putra Aditya Manggla , Pulungan Ali Basrah
Published: August 2020

Pada paper ini ditawarkan sebuat alat pemberi pakan ikan otomatis pada sebuah kolam uji. Dengan alat ini pemberian pakan ikan akan dilakukan sesuai dengan waktu yang telah ditentukan, alat ini juga akan memberikan pakan ikan sesuai bobot ikan yang terdapat dalam pada kolam uji sehingga mempermudah peternak ikan dalam pembudidayaan ikan. Alat ini memiliki sensor load cell yang berfungsi untuk menimbang berat pakan yang akan ditumpahkan kedalam kolam uji, dan 2 motor servo yang berfungsi sebagai akuator untuk membukan dan menutup celah pada wadah penimbangan atau ke dalam kolam uji. Pada penelitian ini alat bekerja dengan baik, sehingga pemberian pakan ikan dapat diberikan dengan waktu yang telah ditentukan, dan jumlah pakan ikan sudah diatur sesuai bobot ikan yang terdapat pada kolam.
Pengembangan Lembar Kegiatan Peserta Didik Berbasis Pembelajaran Kreatif dan Produktif di SMK Negeri 1 Sumatera Barat
Authors: Fajri Imil , Asnil Asnil
Published: August 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan Lembar Kegiatan Peserta Didik berbasis pembelajaran Kreatif dan Produktif pada mata mata pelajaran pekerjaan dasar elekromekanik di kelas X TITL SMK Negeri 1 Sumatera Barat..Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian Reserch and Development (R&D). Model pengembangan yang digunakan mengacu pada pengembangan model 4D dengan empat tahap pokok, yaitu, pendefinisian (define), perancangan (design), pengembangan (develop) dan penyebaran (disseminate). Jenis data yang dipakai yaitu data kuantitatif dan pengumpulannya menggunakan instrumen angket. Adapun teknik analisa data dalam penelitian tersebut yaitu deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: penilaian Validasi  materi yang mencakup aspek didaktik, konstruksi dan teknis mendapat skor rata-rata 0,83 dengan kriteria Valid. Kepraktisan media LKPD dilakukan oleh guru mata pelajaran dan siswa, dengan memperoleh rata-rata 97,45% dari guru dan siswa 86,09% dengan kriteria sangat Praktis yang artinya LKPD sangat layak diterapkan sebagai bahan ajar. Keefektivan media LKPD dapat terlihat dari hasil belajar siswa yang memperoleh ketuntasan belajar sebanyak 90%.
@KemluRI :Diplomasi Digital?
Authors: Kurniawati Erna , Rachmawati Iva , Dewi Machya Astuti
Published: August 2020

Sejalan dengan ide mengenai pentingnya penggunaan teknologi digital pada pratek diplomasi maka Kementrian Luar Negeri melalui Direktorat Informasi dan Diplomasi Publik menginiasi upaya untuk menyelenggarakan praktis diplomasi publik melalui sejumlah media sosial termasuk facebook. Artikel ini menyoal pemaknaan diplomasi digital oleh Kementrian Luar Negeri Indonesia melalui Facebook yang sudah mulai diselenggarakan semenjak tahun 2010. Melalui metode intepretif atas berita unggahan pada facebook Kementrian Luar Negeri antara tahun 2018-2019 dan dan respon yang diberikan atas komentar netizen, maka artikel ini mengajukan asumsi bahwa Kementrian Luar Negeri masih memaknai diplomasi digital sebagai alat diplomasi yang sederhana, yaitu sebagai diseminasi informasi publik. Tujuan diplomasi digital sebagai bagian dari diplomasi publik guna memengaruhi persepsi publik belum sepenuhnya diakomodasi.
EVALUASI PERFORMA PEMBORAN TERHADAP INVISIBLE LOST TIME UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KINERJA DAN EFISIENSI PADA SUMUR B DAN D PADA PEMBORAN SUMUR PANAS BUMI
Authors: Sabar Fernandez , Kasmungin Sugiatmo
Published: August 2020

Kegiatan pemboran saat ini dituntut untuk dapat menggunakan waktu efektif dan efisien untuk dapat mencapai target kedalaman dalam waktu yang cepat dikarenakan biaya operasional yang besar. Hal ini juga menjadi prioritas pada saat ini pada pemboran di Panas Bumi dimana performa dalam pemboran di panas bumi hanya selama ini hanya berupa hasil penentuan waktu produktif dan waktu tidak produktif. Peninjauan lebih jauh untuk dapat mengukur besaran performa belum pernah diukur di dalam evaluasi identifikasi yang diketahui sebagai ILT (Invisible Lost Time). Pada penelitian ini, waktu merupakan faktor terpenting dalam kinerja pemboran, untuk menuju efektif dan efisien menjadi kata kunci untuk mengukur kinerja pemboran dengan melakukan identifikasi KPI dari setiap aktivitas pemboran tersebut beserta target dimana masing-masing KPI. Perhitungan dilakukan pada 2 sumur panas bumi dengan evaluasi kembali kinerja selama waktu pemboran dimana waktu tidak produktif dengan waktu yang produktif memiliki waktu rata-rata sebesar 28 hari tanpa komplesi. Pembagian KPI (Key Performance Indicator) dibagi menjadi 2 aktivitas berupa Flat time dan Non Flat time yang menunjukkan perbandingan performa crew pada masing-masing trayek dimana crew siang memiliki performa yang lebih baik dari crew malam. Hasil pengukuran ILT (Invisible Lost Time) bila dibandingkan dengan sumur yang sedang dikerjakan tidak mencapai target dengan performa rata-rata sebesar 20% atau rata-rata 5 hari waktu pemboran terhadap 2 sumur. Dengan biaya operasi pemboran sebesar 1 milyar rupiah per hari menunjukkan potensi efisiensi sebesar 10 milyar untuk dua sumur.
PENINGKATAN DAYA DAN TORSI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SOFTWARE “BITEDIT” DI MESIN I-VTEC TYPE HONDA JAZZ
Authors: Fauzan Ramadhan Fikri , Lesmana I. Gede Eka
Published: August 2020

Mesin yang berbasis Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI) banyak digunakan karena menghasilkan performa yang tinggi dengan konsumsi bahan bakar yang sedikit dan gas emisi buang rendah. Namun ketika kendaraan berbasis EFI sudah digunakan lebih dari 5 tahun biasanya akan mengalami penurunan kinerja motor bersin yang berpengaruh pada performa ataupun kecepatan kendaraan tersebut. Oleh karena itu harus dilakukan servis tuninguntuk meningkatkan kinerja motor pembakaran dalam dengan cara menyetting (Engine Control Unit) ECU dari mobil tersebut agar menormalkan atau memperbaiki daya yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini melakukan program remapping ECU dengan menggunakan software BitEdit yang diaplikasikan pada mesin I-VTECtype honda jazz. Berdasarkan data penelitian, setelah dilakukan remapping pada spesifikasi dasar terdapat peningkatan jarak tempuh kendaraan, efisiensi kendaraan, daya, dan torsi. Hasil pengujian daya juga menunjukkan peningkatan setelah dilakukan remapping yaitu dengan selisih daya terbesar mencapai 10.21 kW. Selain itu hasil pengujian torsi menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan torsi yaitu rata-rata sebesar 5.7 N.m.
PEMBERIAN IZIN USAHA PERTAMBANGAN KHUSUS MINERAL LOGAM (EMAS) DI KABUPATEN NAGAN RAYA, PROVINSI ACEH
Authors: Pratiwi Nadia Ayu , Sari Elsi Kartika
Published: August 2020

Dalam melakukan kegiatan usaha pertambangan terdapat wewenang untuk mengatur, mengurus, dan mengawasi pengelolaan atau pengusahaan bahan galian (tambang) dengan adanya hak penguasaan negara yang mempunyai kewajiban untuk mempergunakannya sebesar-besarnya untuk kemakmuran rakyat Indonesia dan penguasaan ini diselenggarakan oleh Pemerintah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui  pemberian Izin Usaha Pertambangan di Kabupaten Nagan Raya, Kabupaten Aceh berdasarkan UU No. 4 Tahun 2009 tentang Pertambangan Mineral dan Batubara. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian yuridis, menggunakan data sekunder, dianalisis secara kualitatif. Analisis   data   dalam   penelitian   ini   menggunakan   analisis   kualitatif. Analisis kualitatif yang  dilakukan  bertitik  tolak  dari  analisis empiris, yang  dalam  pendalamannya  dilengkapi  dengan  analisis  normatif. Pemberian Wilayah Izin Usaha Pertambangan (WIUP) khususnya untuk batubara diperoleh dengan cara mengajukan permohonan wilayah, sebagaimana dimaksud pada Pasal 8 ayat (4) PP No. 23 Tahun 2010 Tentang Pelaksanaan Kegiatan Usaha Pertambangan Mineral dan Batubara. Dalam Pasal 23 PP No. 23 Tahun 2010 Tentang Pelaksanaan Kegiatan Usaha Pertambangan Mineral dan Batubara bahwa meliputi persyaratan: Administratif; Teknis, Lingkungan; dan Finansial. Selain itu juga berdasarkan Pasal 28 PP No. 23 Tahun 2010 Tentang Pelaksanaan Kegiatan Usaha Pertambangan Mineral dan Batubara bahwa dapat diberikan oleh: Menteri, untuk WIUP yang berada dalam lintas wilayah provinsi dan/ atau wilayah laut. Kesimpulan secara logika deduktif. Pemberian Izin Usaha Pertambangan di Kabupaten Nagan Raya, didasarkan Qanun Aceh Nomor 15 Tahun 2013 tentang Pengelolaan Pertambangan Mineral dan Batubara tepatnya pada Pasal 4 Ruang Lingkup Qanun dan Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 3 Tahun 2015 tentang Pemerintahan yang bersifat Nasional di Aceh.
COMPRESSIVE BEHAVIOUR OF TIN SLAG POLYMER CONCRETE CONFINED WITH CARBON FIBRE REINFORCED EPOXY
Authors: Abu Hassan Shukur , Hanan Umar Abdul , Yazid Yahya Mohd , Wahit Mat Uzir
Published: August 2020

Terak timah adalah hasil sampingan proses peleburan.Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji tingkah laku mampatan kolum konkrit polimer (PC) berisi terak timah yang dibalut dengan polimerdiperkuat fiber karbon (CFRP). Kajian ini dijalankan dengan tiga bilangan lapisan CFRP yang berlainan. Ciri-ciri mekanikal sampel seperti tekanan maksimum (maximum stress), ketegangan (strain) dan modulus keanjalan (elasticity modulus) ditentukan oleh ujian mampatan. Tekanan mampatan maksimummeningkat dengan ketara kepada 103% untuk PC yang tidak terkurung berbanding PC terkurung. Sementara itu untuk satu lapisan hingga dua lapisan hanya meningkat 14.9% dan kes yang sama untuk dua lapisan hingga tiga lapisan hanya mendapat peningkatan kira-kira 13.6%. Modulus mampatan meningkat kira-kira 26% hingga 39% untuk PC yang tidak terkurung berbanding satu lapisan PC terkurung. Modulus mampatan untuk PC yang satu lapisan, dua lapisan dan tiga lapisan hampir sama iaitu perbezaan tidak lebih daripada 10%. Nisbah pemanjangan bagi PC yang tidak terkurung berbanding dengan PC berkurung satu lapisan menunjukkan penurunan yang besar. Bilangan lapisan dua dan tiga menunjukkan penurunan nisbah kemuluran yang sedikit berbanding satu lapisan. Kekuatan satu-lapisan PC terkurung meningkat dengan ketara kira-kira 104.8% berbanding PC yang tidak terkurung. Sementara itu, untuk bilangan lapisan terkurung yang lebih dari satu hanya meningkat sedikit. Keberkesanan pengurungan meningkat sebanyak dua kali untuk satu lapisan PC terkurung berbanding PC yang tidak terkurung. Sementara itu, bilangan lapisan terkurung yang lebih dari satu, keberkesanan pengurungan hanya meningkat sedikit. Kesimpulannya, peningkatan jumlah lapisan terkurung lebih dari satu tidak memberikan perubahan yang signifikan terhadap sifat mekanik.Kata kunci: CFRP, konkrit polimer,  pengurungan, sanga timah
Algoritma Kriptografi Triple Des dan Steganografi LSB sebagai Metode Gabungan dalam Keamanan Data
Authors: Rantelinggi Parma Hadi , Saputra Eka
Published: August 2020

Keamanan data merupakan hal yang terpenting dalam proses komunikasi data, yang menjadi faktor penting dalam transmisi data jarak jauh seperti tranmisi untuk pengiriman data yang terditribusi lewat internet dalam jumlah pengguna yang banyak, sehingga sangat rentan dan memungkinkan pihak lain dengan sengaja menyadap dan mengubah data sehingga merugikan pihak pemilik data. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan algoritma TripleDES yang merupakan salah satu algoritma kriptografi untuk menjaga kerahasiaan data dengan mengubah pesan yang dikirim dalam bentuk kode-kode tertentu, dimana algoritma TrpleDES ini melakukan proses enkripsi sebanyak tiga kali. Setelah data di sandikan proses selanjutnya  data disisipkan dalam model metode steganografi LSB yang mekanisme kerjanya merekayasa nilai bit terakhir dalam satu byte data, kedua kombinasi model keamanan ini data sulit untuk dipecahkan oleh pihak lain yang tidak bertanggung jawab. Dalam proses percobaan ini media gambar yang digunakan pada saat menyisipkan pesan hasil ukurannya bertambah sedikit lebih besar dari ukuran asli media gambar karena sudah terdapat pesan rahasia di dalam media gambar tersebut.

 

Abstract

Data security is crucial in a data communication process. It is an important factor in long-distance data transmissions such as data transmission distributed over the internet loaded with a large number of other users. This causes the transmission very vulnerable and allows other parties to intentionally tap in and possibly change the data that might be harmful for the data owner. In this study a TripleDES algorithm is used. It is one of the cryptographic algorithms that maintains the confidentiality of data by changing sent messages in the form of certain codes. The advantage of the Triple DES algorithm is because this algorithm performs the encryption process three times. After the data has been encrypted, the process is then inserted into the LSB steganographic model, whose mechanism works to engineer the value of the last bit into one byte of data. The combination of the two security models are difficult to breach by other irresponsible parties. In this experimental process, the image used to insert the message results in a size that is slightly larger than the original size of the image media because there is already a secret message in the media image.
“It Never Happened”: The Perpetuation of Female Powerlessness and Male Superiority in Nigerian Christian Films
Authors: Idowu-Faith Bimbola Oluwafunlola
Published: August 2020

The feminine image, as a gendered discourse, requires attention to ethical and gender details so that its textual representations do not promote biases and discriminations but rather counter them. While previous studies have investigated the gendering of the feminine figure in secular Nollywood, few have extended similar investigations to Nigerian Christian/evangelical films. This article attends to this gap with the feminist stylistic/textual analysis of Tumini’s Song (2005) and Never Happened (2008). Chronicling the lives of girls who defy a childhood characterised by abuse and social oppression and grow into womanhood defined by personal fulfilment and the erasure of the past because of their Christian faith, it is implied that the two films advocate sociocultural conditions in which vulnerable females have a right to life and self-fulfilment. However, because the films are sermon films that intend to teach the doctrines of forgiveness and divine retribution, they neither formulate appropriate responses to the breaches of women’s rights nor counter women’s constant vulnerability. Consequently, the films perpetuate female powerlessness and male superiority rather than countering these dynamics. This article concludes that Christian films may need to pay attention to ethical and gender issues alongside their intent to proselytise.
Khawuleza—An Instantiation of the Black Archive
Authors: Kumalo Siseko H.
Published: August 2020

South African history is such that Blackness/Indigeneity were excluded from institutions of knowledge production. Contemporarily, the traditional University is defined as an institution predicated on the abjection of Blackness. This reality neither predetermined the positions and responses, nor presupposed complete/successful erasure of Blackness/Indigeneity owing to exclusion. I contend and detail how theorising, thinking about and through the Fact of Blackness, continue(d)—using the artistic works of Mhlongo, Makeba, Mbulu, and contemporarily, Leomile as examples. Analysing the music of the abovementioned artists, a move rooted in intersectional feminist approaches, will reveal modes of theorising that characterised the artistic expressions that define(d) the country. Theory generation, so construed, necessitates a judicious philosophical consideration if we are to resurrect the Black Archive. I conclude with an introspective question aimed at inspiring similar projects in other traditions that constitute the Black Archive, i.e. African languages and literature, theatre, art practice and theory.
Considerações terminológicas sobre a fonologia da Libras
Authors: Cardoso Silvana Alves
Published: August 2020

Debatida por André Xavier, Thiago Steven e Elisane Alecrim, a mesa redonda intitulada Aspectos fonético-fonológicos da Libras trata da apresentação das pesquisas dos seus respectivos membros, no que diz respeito à temática fonético-fonológica da Libras. Xavier, com o foco nas Expressões Não Manuais (ENM) lexicais da Libras, objetiva saber quantos e quais são os articuladores empregados da realização das ENM lexicais e se tais ENM são estáveis ou dinâmicas na sinalização. Santos, com interesse na expressão de intensidade na Libras, visa pesquisar e analisar a expressão de intensidade em Libras. E Alecrim, com ênfase no sistema de notação da Configuração de Mão, propõe uma comparação, a partir de dados da Libras, entre três sistemas de notação: Stokoe (1960), Liddell e Johnson (1989) e Johnson e Liddell (2011).
ANALISIS FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRODUKSI KELAPA DALAM (Cocos nucifera Linn) PADA LAHAN GAMBUT DAN LAHAN MINERAL DI KABUPATEN INDRAGIRI HILIR PROVINSI RIAU
Authors: Khairizal  , Sisca Vaulina  , Hajry Arief Wahyudy
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT

In Indragiri Hilir Regency, coconut grows on peat land and mineral land. The difference in land conditions will affect the amount of production and income that farmers will receive. The objectives of this study are: (1) To determine the characteristics of Deep Coconut farmers on peat land and mineral land in Indragiri Hilir Regency. (2) Analyzing the production and income of Deep Coconut farmers on peat land and mineral land in Indragiri Hilir Regency. (3) Analyzing what factors influence the production of Deep Coconut on peat land and mineral land in Indragiri Hilir Regency. This study uses a survey method. The research location was determined in Kempas District for peat land and Concong District for mineral land. The sample is determined by purposive sampling, which is based on the age of coconut plants with a range of 10-15 years. Data were analyzed descriptively qualitatively and quantitatively, using the Cobb-Douglas production function. The results of the study show that (1) peat land and mineral land farmers have relatively the same characteristics farmers, the age of productive farmers, average education level graduating from elementary school, number of family dependents 3-4 people and having experience in farming for 20-29 years. (2) Coconut production on peat land is greater than mineral land, as well as income. (3) Factors that significantly affect coconut production on peat land are land and the number of productive plants, while for mineral land, they are processed.

Keywords: Coconut, Peat Land, Mineral land, Cobb-Douglas
Coronavirus canSAR – a Data-Driven, AI-Enabled, Drug Discovery Resource for the Research Community
Authors: Mitsopoulos Costas , Antolin Albert A. , Villasclaras Fernandez Eloy , Micco Patrizio Di , Micca Ioan L. , Tym Joseph E , Che Ka Hing , Campbell James , Sanfelice Domenico , Collins Ian , Workman Paul , Al-Lazikani Bissan
Published: August 2020

We describe an AI-enabled, integrated Coronavirus drug discovery knowledgebase, free for the research community. Its goal is to make accessible up to date information relevant to drug discovery for SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses. It builds on great knowledge from across therapeutic areas and provides unbiased, systematic, objective information to empower the international effort.
The role of cavity losses on non-adiabatic couplings and dynamics in polaritonic chemistry
Authors: Antoniou Panayiota , Suchanek Figen , Varner James F. , Foley Jonathan
Published: August 2020

We present a non-Hermitian formulation of the polaritonic structure of azobenzene strongly coupled to a photonic mode that explicitly accounts for the fleeting nature of the photon-molecule interaction. This formalism reveals that the polaritonic non-adiabatic couplings that facilitate cis-trans isomerization can be dramatically modified by photonic dissipation. We perform Fewest-Switches Surface Hopping dynamics on the surfaces that derive from our non-Hermitian formalism and find that the polaritonic isomerization yields are strongly suppressed for moderate to large photon dissipation rates. These findings highlight the important role that the finitelifetime of photonic degrees of freedom play in polaritonic chemistry.
Kinetic Reference Potential, pH-Effect, and Energy Recovery in Electrolysis of Water
Authors: Binninger Tobias , Heinritz Adrian , Mohamed Rhiyaad
Published: August 2020

The electrolysis of water will likely become of superior importance for a sustainable energy economy. However, the electrocatalysis of electrochemical water splitting is complicated and the origin of significant energy losses. Among the heavily discussed open questions in this field at present is the origin of experimentally observed differences between electrolysis kinetics in acidic vs. alkaline electrolyte, and the effect of high-pressure operation on electrolyser performance. Our thermodynamic analysis reveals answers and fundamental connections between these questions by the definition of balanced reactive conditions and the kinetic reference voltage of the electrolysis reaction. Unlike the reversible cell voltage, the kinetic reference voltage Ukin is not biased by product H2 and O2 concentrations, and it represents a reliable intrinsic reference point for electrolysis kinetics. At standard temperature T = 25◦C, its value is Ukin = 1.441 V, which is in remarkable agreement with commonly observed onset voltages for macroscopic electrolysis rates. We define the reactive excess overvoltage ηrxs = Ukin − Urev as the difference between the kinetic reference voltage and the reversible cell voltage. Comparing the hydrogen evolution (HER) and oxygen evolution (OER) half-cell reactions in acidic vs. alkaline electrolyte, we find an asymmetric and pH-dependent distribution of ηrxs among HER and OER. Increasing the electrolysis gas pressure results in a reduction of ηrxs due to an increased free energy content of the evolved gases. Our analysis provides a new perspective on activation losses in water electrolysis, on pH-effects in hydrogen and oxygen evolution electrocatalysis, and on high-pressure electrolysis as a means for energy recovery.
A Continuum Model with Differential Evolution on Binary Phase Diagram of Ionic Surfactant Aqueous Solution
Authors: SHI YU , Beck Thomas L.
Published: August 2020

We develop a continuum thermodynamic model basing on the cell model at three perspectives.

First, incorporate the Helfrich free energy as amphiphilic molecules aggregate surface free energy; Second, modify the Poisson-Boltzmann equation by introducing the ion-specic dispersion interaction energy of the counter-ion in aqueous region with the aggregate surface to obtain the concentration distributions of both the surfactant monomer and the counter-ions;

Third, include the temperature dependence of chemical potential for the standard state transition, allowing for calculations on the binary phase diagram of a series of potassium carboxylate as well as of sodium carboxylate soaps.

The differential evolution algorithm is applied to obtain the global minimum of the required criteria, including the boundary conditions of the electrostatic potential, the optimization of aggregate size with respect to the total free energy and the equilibrium of monomers transferring between the aggregate and aqueous region. The specific-ion effect are presented in the aggregate surface tensions and in the counter-ions distribution within the aqueous regions. The continuum model gives good agreement with the dimension sizes and phase boundaries (lamellar-cylindrical and cylindrical-micellar) which are determined with thermodynamic measurements.
Rational, Reproducible, and Rigorous Computational Enzymology: The Case of Catechol-O-Methyltransferase
Authors: Summers Thomas , Cheng Qianyi , Palma Manuel , Pham Diem-Trang , Kelso III Dudley , Edwin Webster Charles , DeYonker Nathan
Published: August 2020

The efficiency, accuracy, and replicability of enzyme simulations is often hampered by ad hoc model design. To address this problem, we have developed the Residue Interaction Network ResidUe Selector (RINRUS) toolkit. RINRUS utilizes residue contact networks to automate construction of rational quantum mechanical cluster models. This work examines this problem by computing the reaction kinetics and thermodynamics for 508 models of the active site of catechol-o-methyltransferase, an enzyme which catalyzes the methyl transfer from S-adenosyl methionine cofactor to catechol substrates. Our results demonstrate using RINRUS to rationally design small and accurate active site models.
Geometries and Terahertz Motions Driving Quintet Multiexcitons and Ultimate Triplet-Triplet Dissociations via the Intramolecular Singlet-Fissions
Authors: Kobori Yasuhiro , Fuki Masaaki , Nakamura Shunta , Hasobe Taku
Published: August 2020

Importance of vibronic effects has been highlighted for the singlet-fission (SF) that convert one high-energy singlet exciton into doubled triplet excitons, as strongly correlated multiexcitons. However, molecular mechanisms of spin conversion processes and ultimate de-couplings in the multiexcitons are poorly understood. We have analyzed geometries and exchange couplings of the photoinduced multiexcitons in the pentacene dimers bridged by a phenylene at ortho and meta positions [denoted as o-(Pc)2 and m-(Pc)2] by simulations of the time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance spectra. We clarified that terahertz molecular conformation dynamics plays a role on the spin conversion from the singlet strongly coupled multiexcitons 1(TT) to the quintet state 5(TT). The strongly coupled 5(TT) multiexcitons are revealed to possess entirely planar conformations stabilized by mutually delocalized spin distributions, while the intramolecular de-coupled spin-correlated triplet pairs generated at 1 microsecond are also stabilized by distorted conformations resulting in two separately localized biradical characters.
SAMPL7 Challenge Overview: Assessing the Reliability of Polarizable and Non-Polarizable Methods for Host-Guest Binding Free Energy Calculations
Authors: Amezcua Martin , Mobley David
Published: August 2020

The SAMPL challenges focus on testing and driving progress of computational methods to help guide pharmaceutical drug discovery. However, assessment of methods for predicting binding affinities is often hampered by computational challenges such as conformational sampling, protonation state uncertainties, variation in test sets selected, and even lack of high quality experimental data. SAMPL blind challenges have thus frequently included a component focusing on host-guest binding, which removes some of these challenges while still focusing on molecular recognition. Here, we report on the results of the SAMPL7 blind prediction challenge for host-guest affinity prediction. In this study, we focused on three different host-guest categories -- a familiar deep cavity cavitand series which has been featured in several prior challenges (where we examine binding of a series of guests to two hosts), a new series of cyclodextrin derivatives which are monofunctionalized around the rim to add amino acid-like functionality (where we examine binding of a two guests to a series of hosts), and binding of a series of guests to a new acyclic TrimerTrip host which is related to previous cucurbituril hosts. Many predictions used methods based on molecular simulations, and overall success was mixed, though several methods stood out. As in SAMPL6, we find that one strategy for achieving reasonable accuracy here was to make empirical corrections to binding predictions based on previous data for host categories which have been studied well before, though this can be of limited value when new systems are included. Additionally, we found that methods using the AMOEBA polarizable force field had considerable success for the two host categories in which they participated. The new TrimerTrip system was also found to introduce some sampling problems, because multiple conformations may be relevant to binding and interconvert only slowly. Overall, results in this challenge tentatively suggest that further investigation of polarizable force fields for these challenges may be warranted.
A Rational Design of a Multi-Epitope Vaccine Against SARS-CoV-2 Which Accounts for the Glycan Shield of the Spike Glycoprotein
Authors: Martin William R. , Cheng Feixiong
Published: August 2020

The ongoing global health crisis caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus which leads to Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has impacted not only the health of people everywhere, but the economy in nations across the world. While vaccine candidates and therapeutics are currently undergoing clinical trials, there is yet to be a proven effective treatment or cure for COVID-19. In this study, we have presented a synergistic computational platform, including molecular dynamics simulations and immunoinformatics techniques, to rationally design a multi-epitope vaccine candidate for COVID-19. This platform combines epitopes across Linear B Lymphocytes (LBL), Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTL) and Helper T Lymphocytes (HTL) derived from both mutant and wild-type spike glycoproteins from SARS-CoV-2 with diverse protein conformations. In addition, this vaccine construct also takes the considerable glycan shield of the spike glycoprotein into account, which protects it from immune response. We have identified a vaccine candidate (a 35.9 kDa protein), named COVCCF, which is composed of 5 LBL, 6 HTL, and 6 CTL epitopes from the spike glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2. Using multi-dose immune simulations, COVCCF induces elevated levels of immunoglobulin activity (IgM, IgG1, IgG2), and induces strong responses from B lymphocytes, CD4 T-helper lymphocytes, and CD8 T-cytotoxic lymphocytes. COVCCF induces cytokines important to innate immunity, including IFN-γ, IL4, and IL10. Additionally, COVCCF has ideal pharmacokinetic properties and low immune-related toxicities. In summary, this study provides a powerful, computational vaccine design platform for rapid development of vaccine candidates (including COVCCF) for effective prevention of COVID-19.
Diselenide Crosslinks for Enhanced and Simplified Oxidative Protein Folding
Authors: Mousa Reem , Hidmi Taghreed , Pomyalov Sergei , Lansky Shifra , Khouri Lareen , Shalev Deborah E. , Shoham Gil , Metanis Norman
Published: August 2020

The oxidative folding of proteins has been studied for over sixty years, providing critical insight into protein folding mechanisms. A well-known folding model for many disulfide-rich proteins is that of hirudin. Hirudin, the most potent natural inhibitor of thrombin, is a 65-residue protein with three disulfide bonds, and folds through plagued pathway that involve highly heterogeneous intermediates and scrambled isomers. The formation of scrambled species is known to limit the rate and efficiency of in vitro oxidative folding of many proteins.In the current manuscript we describe our recent work, intended to overcome the limitations of scrambled isomers formation during oxidative protein folding. In this research we deeply investigate the utility of introducing diselenide bridges at the three native disulfide crosslinks as well as at a non-native position on hirudin’s folding, structure and function. Our studies demonstrated that, regardless of the specific positions of these substitutions, the diselenide crosslinks enhanced the folding rate and yield of the hirudin analogs, while reducing the complexity and heterogeneity of the process, and reducing the formation of scrambled isomers.A parallel, equally important, objective of our study was to test if diselenide substitutions have structural and functional effects. Crystal structure analysis as well as functional studies indicated that diselenide crosslinks maintained the overall structure of the protein without causing major changes in function and structure. To substantiate these conclusions, we provide inhibition studies and high-resolution crystal structure of the wild-type hirudin and its seleno-analogs. Taken together, we believe that the choice of hirudin as the model in this study has implications beyond its specific folding mechanism, and will serve as a useful methodology for the in vitro oxidative folding of many complex disulfide-rich proteins.
Kekulene: On-Surface Synthesis, Orbital Structure, and Aromatic Stabilization
Authors: Haags Anja , Reichmann Alexander , Fan Qitang , Egger Larissa , Kirschner Hans , Naumann Tim , Werner Simon , Vollgraff Tobias , Sundermeyer Jörg , Eschmann Lukas , Yang Xiaosheng , Brandstetter Dominik , Bocquet François C. , Koller Georg , Gottwald Alexander , Richter Mathias , Ramsey Michael G. , Rohlfing Michael , Puschnig Peter , Gottfried Michael , Soubatch Serguei , Tautz F. Stefan
Published: August 2020

We revisit the question of kekulene’s aromaticity by focusing on the electronic structure of its frontier orbitals as determined by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. To this end, we have developed a specially designed precursor, 1,4,7(2,7)-triphenanthrenacyclononaphane-2,5,8-triene, which allows us to prepare sufficient quantities of kekulene of high purity directly on a Cu(111) surface, as confirmed by scanning tunneling microscopy. Supported by density functional calculations, we determine the orbital structure of kekulene’s highest occupied molecular orbital by photoelectron tomography. In agreement with a recent aromaticity assessment of kekulene based solely on C–C bond lengths, we conclude that the π-conjugation of kekulene is better described by the Clar model rather than a superaromatic model. Thus, by exploiting the capabilities of photoemission tomography, we shed light on the question which consequences aromaticity holds for the frontier electronic structure of a π-conjugated molecule.