bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear amplification of the magnetic induction signal in a magnetomodulation sensor with an amorphous ferromagnetic core
Authors:   Yu. P. Bulashevich Institute of Geophysics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sokol-Kutylovskii Oleg
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this work is to show the possibility of using a magnetic field-controlled nonlinearity of the amplitude change in an oscillatory LC-circuit containing a core made of an amorphous ferromagnetic alloy with compensated longitudinal magnetostriction, which makes it possible to obtain a high conversion coefficient of weak magnetic field sensors operating at room temperature. Methods. A practical method for constructing magnetomodulation sensors of magnetic induction with a fixed magnetic displacement field, which corresponds to the maximum steepness of the nonlinear characteristic of an oscillatory circuit with an amorphous ferromagnetic core in the region of autoparametric resonance, is considered. Results. It has been shown that the stable conversion factor of a 35 mm long sensor based on an oscillatory circuit with autoparametric amplification at a modulation frequency of 256 kHz can reach 10 mV/nT, which allows, with the available element base, to record signals of a weak alternating magnetic field with an amplitude of 0.03 pT/Hz1/2 in the frequency range 10...1000 Hz. It is noted that the excitation of the sensor by a weak harmonic magnetic field of a high frequency and the constant presence of the amorphous ferromagnetic core near the state of technical saturation significantly reduces the level of intrinsic magnetic noise of the magnetomodulation sensor. Conclusion. Magnetomodulation sensors with autoparametric amplification of the magnetic induction signal can find application in geophysics, magnetobiology and biomedicine.
Multielectrode registration of episodic discharges generated by weakly electric fishes
Authors:   A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the RAS, Olshanskiy Vladimir , Zlenko Dmitry ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Orlov Andrey ,   A. N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the RAS, Kasumyan Alexander ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moller Peter ,   Hunter College, MacMahon Eoin ,   Biosphere Environmental Ltd, Xue Wei ,   Harbin Engineering University
Published: March 2022

Purpose of this study introduces a multielectrode array (MEA) registration system in order to generate electric field images of the episodic discharges generated by weakly electric fish. A multielectrode registration system has several important features: the design of the multielectrode lattice, the amplifier circuit, the choice of reference points for differential measurements, the recovery of the absolute values of the electric field potentials, and the application of principal components analysis. Methods. There are several advantages of our MEA registration as compared with the traditional twoelectrode registration: (a) the signal-to-noise ratio is significantly increased, (b) it is possible to construct the spatial distribution of the electric field for a single electric discharge, (c) the signals’ sources can be easily separated and identified, and (d) quantitative data on the electrical potential distribution can be obtained throughout the entire experimental tank. Results. The results illustrate an example of applied MEA registration. Electric discharges were recorded from a weakly electric catfish, Clarias gariepinus, using an array of 8 x 8 electrodes at a sampling rate of 20 kHz. Data show oscillograms and two-dimensional plots of the spatial distribution of the electrical field.
ESP as a tool for the formation of universal and professional competencies of future lawyers
Authors:   Petrozavodsk State University, Sherekhova Olga M.
Published: March 2022

At the time of increasing globalization and international integration, specialists in various professional spheres face new challenges of modern society which relate to the introduction of new technologies, the search for modern approaches to solving professional problems, as well as the urgent need for an effective exchange of professional information with colleagues from foreign countries. Therefore, it is very important for a professional to speak English fluently and be able to use the language in a professional context. The analysis of pedagogical research, as well as the study of the students’ needs allows us to conclude that it is necessary to use modern approaches of teaching a foreign language, taking into account students’ future profession. This paper discusses the experience of teaching ESP in a non-linguistic university based on the course for law students prepared by the professors of Petrozavodsk State University. The communicative and personality-oriented approaches fundamentally form the basis for this course. It contains texts and exercises connected with students’ future profession. It enables teachers to successfully involve students in collaborative activities in foreign language classes, which makes it possible to increase their motivation for the subject, and also contributes to universal and professional competencies development necessary for the successful work of a competitive lawyer.
The genesis of individuality as a philosophical problem
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Mukhortov Anton S.
Published: March 2022

The article raises a number of philosophical problems related to the concept of “individuality”. The subject areas of philosophy, for which the conceptualization of individuality is important, are defined. The main plot is the opposition of the individual and the universal. Thus, the problem of the status of individuality has epistemological, axiological and ontological aspects. The article discusses possible options for conceptualizing individuality. The key point is the analysis of the individuality’s genesis and the establishment of its ontological status. The work emphasizes that the approach to the study of individuality should be precisely genetic, and not historical, because this is not a study of the past, but a study of the current present. The previously existing ideas about individuality still exist today. Thus, the problem of the genesis of individuality turns out to be not only the problem of definition and conceptualization, but also the problem of grasping an actually changing and transforming set of ideas. Therefore, the ontological status of individuality becomes a complex conceptual task, the outlines for the solution of which are presented in the article. It is worth noting that the genesis of individuality, as a philosophical problem, has remained on the periphery of philosophical research for a long time, although it was implicitly present in them, therefore this work is relevant.
Global in the discourse of metamodernism: The problem of origins
Authors:   Dostoevsky Omsk State University, Ovodova Svetlana P.
Published: March 2022

The article examines the representation of the global phenomenon in the discourses of modernity and metamodernity. In the domestic reception, metamodernism is often represented as post-postmodernism. A significant discrepancy in assessments of a fairly integral phenomenon of modern philosophy of culture, which is metamodernism, can be explained. The methodological guidelines of metamodernism are still in development. Theorists of metamodernism continue their search, the establishment of interaction between postirony, authenticity, new sincerity, depth, historicity, affect, selfhood, and superhybridity. In this regard, the analysis of the methodology of metamodernism is possible not only by studying its individual attitudes, but by referring to the foundations of the metamodern discourse. Highlighting the key models of the global in the discourses of modernity and postmodernity allowed us to assess their representation in the metamodern program. The philosophy of modernity is characterized by the idea of the global as the idea of the history taken outside of it (G. Hegel), as the idea that is formed in the process of history (K. Marx). Postmodernism reduces these models to the level of simulacra. The distinction of the local is characteristic of postmodern deconstructivism. Metamodernism in its research practice combines the discourse of the global and the local, offering options for the return of history to human life.
The figure of Aristotle in the domestic intellectual atmosphere of the 19th century
Authors:   Saratov State Medical University named after V. I. Razumovsky, Pavlova Daria A.
Published: March 2022

A researcher dealing with the topic of the presence of Aristotle’s philosophy in the modern Russian space of the humanities is faced with the task of comprehending the origins of the attitude towards Aristotle in the history of Russian science. Aristotle in Russia, unlike Europe, is represented in a rather limited way, and even where he is present, modern Russian philosophy uses a rather narrow layer of thought from his heritage. The article is devoted to the theme of a special attitude to the figure of Aristotle in the field of domestic social and humanitarian thought of the XIX century. During the formation of Russian philosophy as an independent phenomenon of global culture, Aristotle also falls into the field of view of its founders. The interest in Aristotle was not originally of a scientific (historical-philosophical or philological) nature, but stemmed from current socio-political disputes, which would later become known as the disputes between Slavophiles and Westernizers. Aristotle in this case acts as a part of world culture, in which domestic intellectuals of the 19th century claim to a special place. This era is considered as a period that laid the basic principles of attitude towards Aristotle in Russia in the 20th century. Such principles are the attitude towards Aristotle as a historian of science and as a part of world culture.
Mechanisms of emotional response in children with mental retardation
Authors:   Crimean Engineering and Pedagogical University named after Fevzi Yakubov, Ushakova Vladislava R.
Published: March 2022

The article examines the characteristic mechanisms of the emotional response of children with mental retardation. The study of domestic authors on this issue is carried out within the framework of identifying the specifics of emotional manifestations and assessing the emotional response in children and adults. A comparison is made of the characteristics of perception, differentiation and understanding of various emotions, the manifestation of emotional reactions by children with disabilities and children with normal mental development. The study involved 260 children aged 9–10 years, including 130 children with mental retardation and 130 schoolchildren with normal mental development. Research methods are projective methods and conversation. Children with mental retardation carry out the identification of emotions using a more non-verbal channel, differentiate the bodily response to situations, experience difficulties in verbalizing their emotions and isolating cause-and-effect relationships between the situation and the emotion. Children with normal mental development perceive and differentiate emotions through verbal manifestations, highlight causal relationships between the situation and emotion, and verbalize their emotional manifestations.
Intercultural virtual industrial tours as a means of linguo-professional component of foreign language teaching for engineering students
Authors:   K. Minin Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University, Voronina Daria K.
Published: March 2022

Profession-oriented component in foreign language teaching at a university is considered essential for compliance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of Higher Education within the competence approach. Information technology and the Internet resources involvement contribute much to the increased opportunities of professional development in foreign language training. The virtual reality technology development has a certain value for foreign language teaching process. Virtual excursion technologies are used as socio-cultural and country studies specific components of the process. Innovative virtual industrial tours are considered by the author as a means of profession-oriented exercises and task development for engineering students. The aim of the article is to justify virtual industrial tours introduction into foreign language teaching process for IT and technical education students. The author also gives a problem-based task of a virtual tour to the Google office in London as an example. The conclusion is made that there are plenty of opportunities for introducing virtual industrial tours into foreign language teaching and developing professional foreign language communicative competence.
Trends in the transformation of social practices and personal identification
Authors:   Saratov State Law Academy, Erohin Vladimir S.
Published: March 2022

The article is devoted to the analysis of transformations of social practices and the corresponding forms of personal identification. The article defines the concepts of "practice" and "social practice", and indicates their important components. The author asserts that standardization, massification and virtualization are significant trends in the transformation of social practices and personal identification. The problem investigated in the article is that changes in the structure of society determine the need for an individual to adapt to them through the use of social practices. Thus, the transformation of the conditions of social existence entails a change in the social practices implemented by a person, and, as a result, the transformation of his or her personal identification. The purpose of the work is to identify the essence of standardization, mass production and virtualization as trends in the transformation of social practices and personal identity of an individual. The methodological basis of the work is a logical analysis that allows us to determine the influence of the trend of transformation of social practices on the achievement of personal identity by a person. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the substantiation of the connection between the transformations of a person’s social practices and the transformations of the forms of his or her personal identification. It is argued that the basis for such a transition is the development of technical means that fundamentally change the conditions of human social existence.
Professional training of future specialists in public administration to work in the conditions of innovative public administration
Authors:   Lugansk State Pedagogical University, Provotorova Nataliia V.
Published: March 2022

The article is devoted to the study of professional training of future specialists in public administration to work in the conditions of innovative public administration. The purpose of the article is to determine the features of specialists in public administration in the framework of new management models. The analysis of such models as “new state (public) management” (New Public Management), “good Government” (Good Governance), project management, and “electronic government” (e-government) is presented and the problems of their implementation in public authorities determined by the professional competence of specialists are described. The indicators and conditions of effective professional activity of specialists in the field of public administration within the framework of the designated management models are highlighted. The article presents the abilities, skills, and competencies necessary for future specialists to carry out activities in innovative public administration. Attention is focused on the need of developing professionally important qualities of future specialists that contribute to the effectiveness of innovative professional activities. In this regard, the structure of professionally important qualities necessary for successful professional activity in innovative public administration is presented. As a solution to the problem of training modern specialists, it is proposed to create a pedagogical model for the formation of professional readiness of future specialists in the field of public administration.
TERRITORIAL BRANDING AS A FACTOR OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION
Authors: Sych V. A. , Yavorska V. V. , Kolomiyets K. V. , Hryhoriev O. V.
Published: March 2022

The article deals with the issues of territorial branding as a tool for the strategic development of cities and regions. In the context of global globalization processes there is a rigid competition between territories for resources: human, financial flows, tourist flows. Understanding this issue by territorial communities, authorities in Ukraine led to the development and approval of marketing strategies of individual Ukrainian cities. The creation and widespread distribution of Ukrainian territorial brands will enable domestic cities, both large and small, rural areas and regions, followed by a chosen strategy, solve their social and economic tasks. The purpose of the article is to analyze the basic methodological principles that are used in the Ukrainian practice of territorial branding and its impact on socio-economic development.
It is determined that the geographical position and global geopolitical role of the territory, natural resource potential of the territory, national-cultural features of the country and its regions, current visual policies and symbols of the territory are affected. Investigated that in today Ukraine there are clearly formed brands of territories that already make their positive contribution to the socio-economic Development of cities, rural areas and regions in general.
SUBORDINATION OF FLUCTUATIONS OF GROUNDWATER LEVELS IN THE SOUTHERN BUG RIVER BASIN TO CLIMATE CHANGE
Authors: Shevchenko O. L. , Skorbun A. D. , Charny D. V.
Published: March 2022

Problems Statementand Purpose. Prolonged flooding of territories, as well as modern drought, are only polar consequences of one, so far irreversible process – rising air temperature. And these events do not fit into normal cycles with high and low water levels. The aim of this work is to find evidence that the driving force or the main factorin changing the groundwater regime is the increase in air temperature and related meteorological events that affected the intra-annual redistribution of precipitation, groundwater recharge and surface runoff.
Data & Methods. The degree of connection of GWL fluctuations with regime-forming factors was determined by statistical methods: wavelet analysis and multiplecorrelation analysis.
Results. It is established that the depth of groundwater level (GWL), which was affected by the temperature in the upper part of the basin of the Southern Bug river, reaches 3.5–4.5 m after 1989. Signs of changes in the groundwater regime are manifested in the results of assessing the degree of violation of the statistical stability of a number of observations of GWL: the transition from random to hyperrandom data occurs in 1982–1983. According to the results of different statistical analysis over the past 40 years, the temperature has become dominant in terms of the impact on the regime of GWL 2.5–4.0 m. This refutes the traditional (based on observations of 1950–1970’s) statement that that the regime of groundwater with GWL 3.0–4.5 m is determined primarily by the regime of precipitation, and the active influence of surface air temperature (evaporation from GWL) in the forest-steppe zone extends only to a depth of 2.0–2.5 m. Extremes on the chronological graphs of the GWL regime and on integral curves are associated with abnormal changes in seasonal and monthly temperatures, which reflect the manifestations of global warming. It is likely that these anomalous events (primarily the transition to positive valuesof winter temperatures) cause changes in rhythm in the GWL mode (from 5–6 years cycles to 7–8 years ones and vice versa), which can be used for forecasting. From 1975 for GWL 0.5–2.0 m and from 1986 for GWL 2.5–4.0 m, due to the increase in the temperature of the cold period and increased GWL supply through infiltration, the GWL was raised. This process was accompanied by a 7–8 year cycle of changing. Deepening of the drought in the Southern Bug River Basin upper waters from 2003–2004, is manifested by the appearance and consolidation of 5–6 year cycle for smaller, and from 2011–2014 – for larger GWL, and by a significant weakening and disappearance of 7–8 year rhythms.
THE VARIANT NATURE OF THE BRITISH WOMEN'S SPEECH BEHAVIOR
Authors: Vykhor O.F. , Rudik I.V.
Published: March 2022

The question of prosodic variation in women’s speech has been analysed in the present article. Women’s of different social position (age and profession) speech behavior is in the centre of the given investigation. Women’s speech, being the subject of the analysis, allowed to reveal their specific peculiarities and arrange their speech behavior. The aim of the investigation is to define prosodic markers of women`s speech behavior. The subject of investigation is variation of women`s speech prosodic models. The object is unprepared monological speech of TV announcers and university lecturers as representatives of the analysed professions. The following tasks have been set: to distinguish main trends in gender linguistics, with the aim of defining speech behavior; to conduct phonetic analysis; to reveal differentiating prosodic characteristics, identifying women's speech behavior. In accordance with the aim and tasks of investigation, perceptive auditory analysis was applied which allowed to identify and interpret the analysed phonetic data and method of intoning was used to describe speech intonation. The concluded investigation allowed to analysed contemporary British women`s speech behavior with the help of prosodic peculiarities of their speech. The auditory analyses allowed to come to the following conclusions: speech behavior of successful women-announcer is characterized by prevalence of Falling Scale and Falling terminal tone, which identify them as confidant, categorical in speech women, who can convince interlocutors, influence them, as the main aim of announcers speech is to reach the listener, to make information maximum available and understandable. Speech behavior of university lecturers is characterised by more variable character. Their speech is dominated by Rising, Wavy scales, which is explained by peculiarities of the profession: they masterfully use their voice tember, and high tonality of speech testify their skills to adopt speech behavior to communication conditions. Thus prosodic means, which form during the act of communication may characterise the speaker`s originality, different by age and profession.
LANGUAGE MEANS OF REPRESENTATION OF ARTISTIC SPACE IN THE SHORT STORY BY JACK LONDON “AN ODYSSEY OF THE NORTH”
Authors: Каlinyuk O. O. , Stepanyuk N. V. , Terekhova L. V.
Published: March 2022

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the functioning of open and closed space in the artistic text. The purpose of this article is to explore the verbal means of creating artistic space in Jack London's short story from the North Cycle "An Odyssey of the North". It was extremely important in the course of the research to find out the essence of artistic space and the peculiarities of its organization in the text, to consider the main classifications and types of artistic space; to explore the artistic space in the short story in the context of types of information, types of presentation and narrative-compositional forms; as well as to compile frequency lists of the lexical markers that represent the artistic space in the short story and to provide a semantic description of the spatial markers and to determine their stylistic functions in the text. The artistic space in the story is mostly an open exact space. The closed artistic space is represented by only a few touches of the description of the main character's hut. The deployment of artistic space is carried out nonlinearly. Due to retrospection, the real space of the plot is interrupted by the description of the events that developed earlier, and therefore are considered new spatial markers. The real artistic space of the short story is the north of Canada – the Klondike, the imaginary artistic space is the space and its markers that function in the story, that odyssey, told by the protagonist. Both direct and indirect spatial markers take part in the actualization of artistic space in the short story. Direct spatial markers are introduced with the help of toponyms – astonyms and potamonyms and form the megaspace of the short story; and also common names meaning means of transportation and common names with generalizing local reference. Indirect spatial markers are realized with the help of lexical means that define meteorological phenomena, representatives of fauna, clothing items containing this seme. Among the lexical means that represent the imaginary artistic space of the text of the short story, toponyms are dominant. By genre, the artistic space in the short story can be defined as psychological. We see the prospects for further research in a comparative analysis of the means of realization of artistic space in the rest of the short stories that make up the North Cycle of Jack London's short stories.
VISUALIZATION OF INFORMATION IN THE ENGLISH POLYCODE DICTIONARY ENTRY
Authors: Tomchakovskyi O. G.
Published: March 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the informational potential of the polycode dictionary entries in English learner’s lexicography. The communicative specificity of learner’s dictionaries consists in their targeting to a clear segment of the readership. These are non-native speakers of English, studying it as a foreign language and living outside the area of its functioning, and, therefore, outside the situational context. The features of users to whom learner’s dictionaries are addressed determine the content and presentation of lexicographic material, which is aimed primarily at expanding the vocabulary of the reader and, moreover, familiarizing him more closely with the culture of Englishspeaking society. The main task of a lexicographic article in an explanatory dictionary is to provide a certain amount of information necessary for the reader to adequately understand a particular word of interest. To solve this problem, compilers of dictionaries resort to using both typesetting and pictorial non-verbal communication means. A polycode lexicographic article is a combination of two definitions of the same sememe, which are made with signs of two different semiotic systems: symbolic (linguistic) and iconic (pictographic). In the explanatory dictionaries of the English language, two types of paragraphic characters are used: these are typed and depictive non-verbal means. Typed non-verbal communication means include font accents, background and font color, special icons and symbols (arrows, triangles, rulers, frames) that mark different quanta of information in the article. Depictive non-verbal means of communication include abstract-logical and pictographic ones. The analysis of the informational potential of polycode articles in English learners’ dictionaries gives grounds to claim that the appearance of the pictographic component in any case optimizes the transmission and perception of information.
La sociedad cotidiana por medio de los campos figurativos de La estación violenta (1958) de Octavio Paz
Authors: Delgado Del Aguila Jesús Miguel
Published: March 2022

Este artículo tiene como propósito corroborar la cosmovisión de Octavio Paz, a partir de la inacción de la sociedad cotidiana, que es notoria en un fragmento del poema “Máscaras del alba” de La estación violenta (1958). Su crítica contra el sistema por la ausencia de compromiso social y político revela dos conceptos que fundamenta Mijaíl Bajtín en Estética de la creación verbal: su intencionalidad como autor y la expresión concomitante en función del género discursivo empleado. Para comprobar estas dos premisas, incluiré como instrumento metodológico los campos figurativos o las provincias figurales que aborda Stefano Arduini, que comprenden los tropos de la metáfora, la metonimia, la sinécdoque, la metonimia, la elipsis, la antítesis y la repetición, además de sus variaciones.
Estrategias metacognitivas en la escritura de folletos turísticos con estudiantes de Séptimo de Básica
Authors: Nievecela Guamanrrigra Narcisa de Jesús , Rodríguez Tannia Edith
Published: March 2022

Esta investigación surgió de una experiencia de aula en torno a la escritura de folletos turísticos. Su punto de partida fue la observación de las dificultades que presentaba un grupo de estudiantes del séptimo de EGB en la producción de escritos de calidad, en el que se pudo ver que sus procesos escriturales no eran conscientes ni reflexivos. Con el propósito de comprender el aporte del uso de estrategias metacognitivas en el estudiantado, se planteó una investigación cualitativa, con diseño de investigación-acción que adoptó como medio de intervención la secuencia didáctica (SD). Para su implementación, se seleccionó el folleto turístico como género para ejercitar la producción escrita. Por fin, la evaluación del proceso demostró que la aplicación de estrategias metacognitivas, mediante la secuencia didáctica, no solo fortaleció la composición escrita de los estudiantes sino también incrementó su gusto por la escritura.
Analysis and Prospects for the Use of Non-Tariff Regulation Measures in Order to Ensure Safety when Moving Goods across the Customs Border
Authors:   Postgraduate Student of the Law Faculty of the Russian Customs Academy, Vorobyova-Bogdan Victoria R.
Published: March 2022

This article is devoted to one of the most pressing issue nowadays — the safety at moving goods across the customs border. The report discusses the legal framework governing this institution of law, the analysis and outlooks of it in the Eurasian Economic Union.
On Some Issues of the Application by Military Courts of Legislation on the Seizure of Property of Those Guilty When They Commit Corruption Crimes
Authors:   PhD (Law), Izotov Daniil M. , Kharitonov Stanislav S. ,   PhD (Law), Professor
Published: March 2022

The article briefly highlights the main norms and legal acts that define the concept and signs of corruption crimes, using examples of judicial practice, some issues of the application by military courts of legislation on the seizure of property of those guilty when they commit corruption crimes are considered.
Determination of Heavy Metals in Tobacco Leaves and Their Growing Soils in Assosa District, Benshangul Gumuz Regional State, Ethiopia
Authors: MELKAMU Tsegaye , GURE Abera , ASERE Tsegaye Girma
Published: March 2022

Tobacco is a commercial plant that can accumulate heavy metals in its leaves. In this study, we investigated the levels of selected heavy metals (Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb) in tobacco leaves and their growing soils from Assosa District, Benshangul Gumuz Regional State, Ethiopia. Both samples were collected from five tobacco farmlands. The samples were digested before quantitative determinations of the metals via inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Repeatability and recovery studies were used to evaluate the efficiency of the method. Repeatability was evaluated by analyzing replicate samples and expressed as relative standard deviations (RSD) were below 10.0. Recovery or percent recovery (%R) studies, which were performed by spiking known concentrations of metals into the samples, ranged from 85.67 - 111.33% and 84.25 - 114.00% for tobacco leaves and soil samples, respectively, indicating that the employed method is valid for the analysis of the metals. The concentrations of metals in tobacco leaf samples were: 0.75 -1.18 mg/kg, Mn; 0.11-0.21 mg/kg, Cu; 0.58-1.16 mg/kg, Zn; and not quantified (NQ) - 0.01 mg/kg, Cd. In soil samples, their concentrations were: 1.59-8.04 mg/kg, Mn; 0.32 - 0.38 mg/kg, Cu; and 0.29 - 1.26 mg/kg, Zn; and 0.17 - 0.31 mg/kg, Pb. Except in one tobacco leaf sample, Pb was below the limit of quantification (LOQ). Similarly, in all soil samples, the concentration of Cd was below LOQ. The findings indicate that the concentrations of the studied heavy metals in both tobacco leaves and soil samples are below their WHO permissible limits in soil and plants. However, the levels of Zn in Amba and Basha tobacco leaves were higher than the WHO permissible limit in plants.
Multi-morbidities Associated with Tuberculosis in South Africa: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Authors: Sineke T , Hirasen K , Loveday M , Long L , Evans D
Published: March 2022

Background: The concept of multi-morbidity is typically defined as the concurrent existence of more than one infectious and/or chronic condition in one person. We conducted a systematic review to quantify and describe the extent of multi-morbidities associated with tuberculosis (TB) in South Africa.

Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis were developed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA). Searches were conducted in PubMed inclusive of MEDLINE using a combination of keywords ‘Tuberculosis’, ‘HIV’, ‘Diabetes’, as well as other non-communicable disease-related terms. Only studies providing data for South Africa and those published in English from January 2013 to December 2019 were included.

Results: A total of 1772 publications were reviewed, of which 81 (4.6%) were identified for full-text review. Of these, 17 (21%) publications, representing 23,839 study participants with at least one multi-morbidity, were included in the final analysis. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) was the most commonly occurring co-morbidity reported (16/17 publications; 94.1%), followed by diabetes (6/17; 35.3%), smoking (4/17; 23.5%) and alcohol consumption (2/17; 11.8%). Pooled prevalence estimates for co-morbidities were 65% [95% confidence interval (CI): 59–70%], 6% [95% CI: 4–10%], 27% [95% CI: 8–51%] and 73% [95% CI: 70–77%], respectively.

Conclusions: HIV is the most common co-morbidity associated with TB in South Africa. However, other prevalent conditions and patient characteristics known to be strongly associated with TB were not consistently reported. Having a holistic understanding of TB and its associated multi-morbidities is critical to prevent further disease development and to manage patients with existing multi-morbidities more effectively.
Wybrane praktyki zarządzania wiekiem w ocenie starszych pracowników
Authors: Lubrańska Anna
Published: March 2022

Starzenie się zasobów pracowniczych stanowi przedmiot zainteresowania demografów, ekonomistów, przedstawicieli nauk społecznych oraz nauk z zakresu organizacji i zarządzania. Wśród rozwiązań problemu uwagę zwraca idea zarządzania wiekiem. Stanowi ona element zarządzania zasobami ludzkimi, sprzyja efektywnemu wykorzystaniu jednostkowego potencjału, możliwości i kompetencji pracowników, z zachowaniem wartości różnorodności wiekowej. Celem badań była ocena częstości stosowania praktyk z zakresu zarządzania wiekiem w polskich firmach, widziana z perspektywy starszych pracowników. W badaniu uczestniczyli pracownicy w wieku 56–78 lat (n = 243). Do analizy wykorzystano ankietę własną dotyczącą: rozwoju i doskonalenia zawodowego, polityki szkoleniowej, ochrony i promocji zdrowia, elastyczności zatrudnienia, ergonomii i bezpieczeństwa pracy, polityki emerytalnej. Badani w swoich firmach najwyżej ocenili starania o bezpieczeństwo pracy, kontrolę zagrożeń, a najniżej działania z zakresu polityki okołoemerytalnej.
Some remarks on the revitalisation of small towns: the Polish perspective
Authors: Marszał Tadeusz , Masierek Edyta
Published: March 2022

This article concentrates on issues relating to the revitalisation of urban space in the Polish context, with a particular focus on small towns. It discusses the development of small towns after World War II, the changes that took place after Poland’s accession to the European Union, current legal framework, and the directions for revitalisation planning and implementation in Poland. The article is based on publications dealing with revitalisation processes, materials provided by annually-held conferences dedicated to small towns, and studies analysing revitalisation programmes of towns which got involved in pilot activities within the framework of the project called The Model Revitalisation of Cities. The authors highlight the benefits that a well-prepared revitalisation brings; they also discuss the limitations and problems facing local governments in the course of meeting this challenge. The article can provide inspiration for researchers to undertake studies in order to examine and evaluate the preparation and implementation of revitalisation processes as well as their effect on the resolution of social, economic, functional, spatial, technical, and environmental problems diagnosed in degraded areas. The paper should also be useful to local governments developing their revitalisation programmes.
Wpływ pandemii na funkcjonowanie platformy wynajmu krótkoterminowego Airbnb w miastach – przegląd literatury
Authors: Kacprzak Karolina
Published: March 2022

Pandemia COVID-19 wpłynęła na branżę turystyczną na całym świecie, w tym na platformę wynajmu krótkoterminowego Airbnb. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przedstawienie rezultatów przeglądu literatury na temat pandemii COVID-19 i Airbnb w miastach. Analizą objęto wyselekcjonowane artykuły z baz danych ScienceDirect, Scopus oraz Web of Science. Uzyskane wyniki pozwoliły wyróżnić widoczne trzy główne grupy tematów, skupiające uwagę badaczy. Należą do nich: ilustracja wpływu pandemii na platformę Airbnb, przyszłość serwisu, kierunki dalszych badań. Uwzględniając powyższe oraz przedpandemiczną dyskusję nad Airbnb w miastach, zaproponowano również inne potencjalne problemy badawcze w kontekście analizowanego zjawiska.
Aktywność turystyczna kieleckich seniorów w latach 2015–2019
Authors: Kopacz-Wyrwał Iwona
Published: March 2022

Celem opracowania jest przedstawienie analizy dotyczącej aktywności turystycznej seniorów w Kielcach w latach 2015–2019. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na preferencje, motywy oraz ewentualne ograniczenia dotyczące podejmowania aktywności turystycznej przez osoby starsze. Przyjęto, że senior to osoba w wieku co najmniej 55 lat. W artykule prezentowane są wyniki badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych w 2020 r. wśród kieleckich seniorów (n = 371). Sporządzona analiza wykazała zależności między wiekiem, wykształceniem, sytuacją materialną oraz kondycją zdrowotną a aktywnością turystyczną osób starszych, a także dowiodła, że w dzisiejszych czasach aktywność ta jest dla seniorów bardzo istotnym elementem stylu życia.
Cuantificación de la validez de contenido por criterio de jueces
Authors: Escurra Mayaute Luis Miguel
Published: March 2022

El presente estudio evalúa tres formas de cuantificar la validez de Contenido por criterio de Jueces: el Índice de Acuerdo (IA), la Prueba Binomial (PB) y el coeficiente V de Aiken (V); computados en base a todas las respuestas posibles asignadas por 10 jueces a un ítem. Los resultados permiten concluir que el coeficiente V de Aiken es el más adecuado para determinar este tipo de validez, ya que permite obtener valores factibles de ser contrastados estadísticamente según el tamaño de la muestra de jueces seleccionada.
ARTI PENTING COMMON HERITAGE OF MANKIND DALAM REZIM PENGATURAN AREA DAN PERKEMBANGANNYA [The Importance of the Common Heritage of Mankind Principle in the Regulation of the Area Regime and Its Development]
Authors: Merdekawati Agustina , Triatmodjo Marsudi , Hasibuan Irkham Afnan Trisandi , Purnamawati Vivin , Rahma Nahda Anisa
Published: March 2022

UNCLOS 1982 adopted the Common Heritage of Mankind (CHM) principle for the newly established Area regime. The Area regime governs the utilization of the minerals in the deep seabed and ocean floor and the subsoil thereof beyond the limits of national jurisdiction. The CHM principle requires the utilization of the Area to be carried out for the benefit of all mankind. There is no universally agreed-upon definition and scope of the CHM principle, even within the law of the sea sector. The utilization activities in the Area will soon expand to the use of genetic resources, which poses the question on whether the CHM principle should also apply. This research attempted to find the core philosophy of the CHM principle, independent from the UNCLOS 1982 provisions, to better understand its scope and meaning, and how it may impact our understanding of the Area regime. This study is normative legal research and utilized secondary data. The study concluded that the CHM principle has its roots from the res communis, adopted in response to the inability of the latter to ensure fair access to natural resources. The principle has its own independent character outside of UNCLOS 1982 and may be applied to govern the utilization of genetic resources outside states’ jurisdiction under a dedicated international legal instrument. 

Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak: Kehadiran UNCLOS 1982 membawa pembaharuan dalam hukum laut internasional dengan mengadopsi prinsip Common Heritage of Mankind (CHM) dalam rezim pengaturan baru untuk Area. Rezim pengaturan Area berlaku terhadap pemanfaatan sumber daya mineral pada dasar laut dan lapisan tanah di bawahnya yang berada di luar batas-batas wilayah yurisdiksi negara. Prinsip CHM mengatur bahwa aktivitas pemanfaatan harus membawa kemanfaatan bagi seluruh umat manusia. Masih terdapat perbedaan pendapat mengenai definsi dan lingkup prinsip CHM bahkan dalam konteks hukum laut. Perkembangan pemanfaatan Area mencakup sumber daya genetik menimbulkan pertanyaan mengenai sejauh mana sumber daya dapat disebut suatu CHM. Penelitian ini mengkaji filosofi dari prinsip CHM di luar konteks UNCLOS 1982 untuk memperdalam pemahaman atas prinsip tersebut dan dampaknya terhadap pemahaman pengaturan Area. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif, dengan menggunakan data sekunder. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa prinsip CHM berakar dari konsep res communis yang didorong oleh keinginan untuk menciptakan keadilan akses terhadap sumber daya alam. Sebagai konsep yang independen dari UNCLOS 1982, prinsip CHM dapat diterapkan terhadap sumber daya genetik di luar yurisdiksi negara di bawah instrumen hukum internasional tersendiri.
KEKUATAN HUKUM SURAT PERNYATAAN PENGUASAAN FISIK SEBAGAI ALAS HAK PENGURUSAN HAK ATAS TANAH [Legal Enforcement of A Statement Letter of Land Utilization as the Legal Basis to Obtain Land Rights]
Authors: Gunanegara Gunanegara
Published: March 2022

A person or legal-person who utilises state land or customary land needs a title to be able to apply for land rights. The form and type of the title used is only accepted if it is in accordance with the regulation of UUPA juncto PP No. 24 of 1997. That norm regulated basis of land rights has changed after enactment of PP No. 18 on the year 2021. Whoever utilise of the land as be a title to apply for land rights could be proofed by a statement letter. How a legal force of statement letter to apply for land rights in land law as a legal issue of this research. Aim of the research is juridical-analysis concerning statement letter as proof of land utilisation for land rights basis. The research was conducted using normative juridical research methods, and the conclusion that the statement letter regulated by PP No. 18 of 2021 actually has a little bit of legal force, because it has a unilateral ownership claim and it is unauthentic letter.

Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak: Orang yang menguasai tanah negara atau tanah adat memerlukan alas hak untuk dapat mengajukan permohonan hak atas tanah. Bentuk dan jenis alas hak yang digunakan hanya diakui jika sesuai dengan yang diatur UUPA juncto PP No. 24 Tahun 1997. Ketentuan baru soal alas hak berubah bersamaan dengan diundangkannya PP No. 18 Tahun 2021. Disebutkan bahwa penguasaan fisik atas tanah adalah alas hak untuk permohonan hak yang dibuktikan dengan surat pernyataan penguasaan fisik (SPPF). Bagaimana kekuatan hukum SPPF sebagai alas hak untuk permohonan hak ditinjau dari hukum pertanahan menjadi masalah hukum di penelitian ini. Tujuan peneltian untuk menganalisis SPPF sebagai alas hak permohonan hak atas tanah. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif, dan kesimpulannya bahwa SPPF yang diatur PP No. 18 Tahun 2021 sejatinya mempunyai kekuatan hukum pembuktian yang tidak kuat, karena bermaterikan pengakuan sepihak dan berkualifikasi di bawah tangan.
SIMBOLISMO, SEMBLANTES DO TEMPO E TRAJETO ANTROPOLÓGICO EM A INCRÍVEL HISTÓRIA DE ADALINE
Authors: Heloisa Juncklaus Preis Moraes  , Leidiane Coelho Jorge  , Luiza Liene Bressan  , Ana Caroline Voltolini Fernandes
Published: March 2022

Este estudo tem por objetivo fazer uma análise do filme A incrível história de Adaline (2015) buscando-se apresentar a dimensão simbólica existente na narrativa por meio da hermenêutica simbólica. Foram traçados paralelos entre a teoria do Imaginário e o processo de inversão da angústia existencial vivenciado pela personagem Adaline, cuja interação social e afetiva foi substancialmente afetada por conta de um fenômeno que barrou os efeitos de tempo. A narrativa nos permite discutir teoricamente as questões de simbolismo e semblantes do tempo e, especialmente, o conceito de trajeto antropológico na perspectiva da antropologia do imaginário de Gilbert Durand (2002).
Analysis of the Ideas about the Russian language in the All-Russian Identity: Expert Discourse
Authors: Arutyunova Ekaterina
Published: March 2022

The article analyzes the meanings given by experts to the Russian language in the all-Russian identity based on the materials of in-depth and expert interviews and focus groups. The experts were humanities scientists, university and school teachers, journalists, public and ethnic activists from Moscow, Kazan, Ufa, Nalchik and some other Russian cities. The analysis of the discourses of these translators of the meanings of Russian identity is important for creating a picture of the meanings of the national language of Russians disseminated and supported by them, since they participate in the formation of mass consciousness and can set the directions of perception of Russian identity in the circles covered by their influence.
The key sets of ideas about the Russian language in the Russian identity are associated with the following interpretations of it. Russian language is considered by universalist discourses as the cultural code of Russians, often associating it with the literary-centricity of all-Russian and Russian ethnic culture. Such discourses note the importance of its functionality and influence, and also regard it as the language of Russian everyday life and the life of the state, in which school education plays an essential role, thus “cementing” society.
In the discourses of experts in the republics, other facets of the perception of the Russian language are also important. First of all, it is considered as a “language of interethnic (interethnic) communication”, which is the result of the influence of Soviet national policy, established terminology, in particular, in the understanding of the nation, most often in the ethnic sense and the opposition of Russian and native languages. In the historical context, it can be considered as an intermediary language, an instrument of familiarization with world culture. Ethnocentric discourses often emphasize the role of the Russian language as the language of the state and/or the language of the dominant people, including actively contrasting it with native languages and emphasizing the damage to them. The interpretation of the Russian language as the national language of Russians, its positive perception as an all-Russian integrator in such discourses are complicated.