bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet to +2 °C (SWAIS 2C)
Authors: Patterson Molly O. , Levy Richard H. , Kulhanek Denise K. , van de Flierdt Tina , Horgan Huw , Dunbar Gavin B. , Naish Timothy R. , Ash Jeanine , Pyne Alex , Mandeno Darcy , Winberry Paul , Harwood David M. , Florindo Fabio , Jimenez-Espejo Francisco J. , Läufer Andreas , Yoo Kyu-Cheul , Seki Osamu , Stocchi Paolo , Klages Johann P. , Lee Jae Il , Colleoni Florence , Suganuma Yusuke , Gasson Edward , Ohneiser Christian , Flores José-Abel , Try David , Kirkman Rachel , Koch Daleen ,   the SWAIS 2C Science Team
Published: February 2022

Abstract. The West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) presently holds enough ice to raise global sea level by 4.3 m if completely melted. The unknown
response of the WAIS to future warming remains a significant challenge for
numerical models in quantifying predictions of future sea level rise. Sea
level rise is one of the clearest planet-wide signals of human-induced
climate change. The Sensitivity of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet to a Warming
of 2 ∘C (SWAIS 2C) Project aims to understand past and current
drivers and thresholds of WAIS dynamics to improve projections of the rate
and size of ice sheet changes under a range of elevated greenhouse gas
levels in the atmosphere as well as the associated average global
temperature scenarios to and beyond the +2 ∘C target of the
Paris Climate Agreement. Despite efforts through previous land and ship-based drilling on and along
the Antarctic margin, unequivocal evidence of major WAIS retreat or collapse and its causes has remained elusive. To evaluate and plan for the
interdisciplinary scientific opportunities and engineering challenges that
an International Continental Drilling Program (ICDP) project along the Siple coast near the grounding zone of the WAIS could offer (Fig. 1), researchers, engineers, and logistics providers representing 10 countries held a virtual
workshop in October 2020. This international partnership comprised of
geologists, glaciologists, oceanographers, geophysicists, microbiologists,
climate and ice sheet modelers, and engineers outlined specific research
objectives and logistical challenges associated with the recovery of Neogene and Quaternary geological records from the West Antarctic interior adjacent to the Kamb Ice Stream and at Crary Ice Rise. New geophysical surveys at these locations have identified drilling targets in which new drilling technologies will allow for the recovery of up to 200 m of sediments beneath
the ice sheet. Sub-ice-shelf records have so far proven difficult to obtain
but are critical to better constrain marine ice sheet sensitivity to past
and future increases in global mean surface temperature up to 2 ∘C
above pre-industrial levels. Thus, the scientific and technological advances developed through this program will enable us to test whether WAIS collapsed during past intervals of warmth and determine its sensitivity to a +2 ∘C global warming threshold (UNFCCC, 2015).
Simulating the Holocene deglaciation across a marine terminating portion of southwestern Greenland in response to marine and atmospheric forcings
Authors: Cuzzone Joshua , Young Nicolas , Morlighem Mathieu , Briner Jason , Schlegel Nicole-Jeanne
Published: February 2022

Abstract. Numerical simulations of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) over geologic timescales can greatly improve our knowledge of the critical factors driving GrIS demise during climatically warm periods, which has clear relevance for better predicting GrIS behavior over the upcoming centuries. To assess the fidelity of these modeling efforts, however, observational constraints of past ice-sheet change are needed. Across southwestern Greenland, geologic records detail Holocene ice retreat across both terrestrial-based and marine terminating environments, providing an ideal opportunity to rigorously benchmark model simulations against geologic reconstructions of ice-sheet change. Here, we present regional ice sheet modeling results using the Ice-sheet and Sea-level System Model (ISSM) of Holocene ice sheet history across an extensive fjord region in southwestern Greenland covering the landscape around the Kangiata Nunaata Sermia (KNS) glacier and extending outward along the 200 km Godthåbsfjord. Our simulations, forced by novel reconstructions of Holocene climate and recently implemented calving laws, assess the sensitivity of ice retreat across the KNS region to atmospheric and oceanic forcing. Our simulations reveal that the geologically reconstructed ice retreat across the bedrock landscape above sea-level in the study area was likely driven by fluctuations in surface mass balance in response to early Holocene warming – and likely not influenced significantly by the response of adjacent outlet glaciers to calving and ocean-induced melting. The impact of ice calving within fjords, however, plays a significant role by enhancing ice discharge at the terminus, leading to interior thinning up to the ice divide that is consistent with reconstructed magnitudes of early Holocene ice thinning. Our results, benchmarked against geologic constraints of past ice margin change, suggest that while calving did not strongly influence Holocene ice margin migration across terrestrial portions of the KNS forefield, it strongly impacted regional mass loss. While these results may provide an analog to how similar fjord-dominated regions of the GrIS may respond to future warming, they also illustrate that implementation and resolution of ice calving in paleo ice flow modeling is important towards making more robust estimations of past ice mass change.
Visual Interpretation of Synthetic Aperture Radar Sea Ice Imagery by Expert and Novice Analysts: An Eye Tracking Study
Authors: Gegiuc Alexandru , Karvonen Juha , Vainio Jouni , Rinne Eero , Bednarik Roman , Mäkynen Marko
Published: February 2022

Abstract. We demonstrate the use of eye tracking methodology as a non-invasive way to identify elements behind uncertainties typically introduced during the process of sea ice charting using satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery. To our knowledge, this is the first time eye tracking is used to study the interpretation of satellite SAR images over sea ice. We describe differences and similarities between expert and novice analysts while visually interpreting a set of SAR sea ice images. In ice charting, SAR imagery serves as the base layer for mapping the sea ice conditions. Linking the backscatter signatures in the SAR imagery and the actual sea ice parameters is a complex task which requires highly trained experts. Mapping of sea ice types and parameters in the SAR imagery is therefore subject to an analyst's performance which may lead to inconsistencies between the ice charts. By measuring the fixation duration over different sea ice types we can identify the features in a SAR image that require more cognitive effort in classification, and thus are more prone to miss-classification. Ambiguities in classification were found especially for regions less restrictive for navigation, consisting of mixed sea ice properties and uneven thicknesses. We also show that the experts are able to correctly map large sea ice covered areas only by looking at the SAR images. Based on the eye movement data, ice categories with most of the surface covered by ice, i.e. in ice charts fast ice and very close ice, were easier to classify than areas with mixed ice thicknesses such as open ice or very open ice.
Not enough parking, you say? A study of garage use and parking supply for single-family homes in Sacramento and implications for ADUs
Authors: Volker Jamey , Thigpen Calvin
Published: February 2022

Accessory dwelling units (ADUs) are increasingly touted as part of the solution to the intransigent housing shortages facing many metropolitan areas across the United States. But numerous barriers to ADU development persist, including opposition by neighboring households. One persistent question is whether ADU residents would overwhelm on-street parking in the predominately single-family neighborhoods where ADUs are typically built. That question is difficult to answer because there is a surprising dearth of research on the effective parking supply in single-family neighborhoods. We use a survey of homeowners in Sacramento, California, to investigate the supply and sufficiency of residential parking for single-family homes, including how households actually use their garages, and help answer the ADU parking conundrum. After estimating and accounting for actual garage use, we find that more than 75% of households have enough off-street parking available to park all their vehicles. When we combine off-street and on-street parking supplies, we find that households have an average of 1.6 more parking spaces available to them than they have vehicles. That parking surplus is more than enough to accommodate the average ADU tenant and their vehicle, belying claims that ADUs will overwhelm existing parking supplies in single-family neighborhoods.
Sessão 14 de outubro de 2021
Authors:   ACADEMIA NACIONAL DE MEDICINA
Published: February 2022

O evento, realizado de forma online, contou com a coordenação do presidente da Academia Nacional de Medicina (ANM), Rubens Belfort Jr., e do médico Protásio Lemos da Luz, da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (ABC). Na oportunidade, os coordenadores enfatizaram a trajetória do professor Krieger em benefício da Ciência e da Medicina e sua dedicação e competência para formação de novos profissionais
Experimental Investigation of Energy Consumption for the Process of Initial Heating of a Substrate to the Fermentation Temperature
Authors:   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Zablodskiy Nicolay , Spodoba Alexandr ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine, Spodoba Mihail ,   National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: February 2022

The aim of the work is to experimentally study the energy consumption for the process of initial heating of the substrate to the fermentation temperature in order to increase the energy efficiency of the biogas formation process. To achieve the goals set, a preparation and a series of experimental studies of the indicators of energy consumption for the process of initial heating of the substrate to the fermentation temperature were carried out. The working hypothesis is that the use of a heating cable built into the stirrer paddles reduces the energy costs for the process of initial heating of the substrate, increasing thus the energy efficiency of the biogas production. The most important result of the study was to obtain the dependences of the temperature change in the heating cable, substrate, reactor walls and energy consumption for heating and mixing during the initial heating of the substrate. The significance of the research results presented in the work lies in the fact that when using a heating cable built into the stirrer paddles, the process of initial heating of the substrate to the fermentation temperature occured faster on average by 16 minutes, and the amount of energy spent was also decreased on average by 6.6% for heating and 5.3% for mixing the substrate in a 40-liter biogas reactor. The implementation of the data obtained experimentally increased the energy efficiency of biogas production and the profitability of further processing of biogas into heat and electricity.
Method for Distinguishing the Digital Images in Different Formats
Authors:   Odessа Polytechnic National University Odesa, Ukraine, Kobozeva Alla , Bobok Ivan ,   Odessа Polytechnic National University Odesa, Ukraine, Kushnirenko Natalia ,   Odessа Polytechnic National University Odesa, Ukraine
Published: February 2022

Nowadays, the energy systems are considered to be the main vital factor for the functioning of society. Today, this part of the infrastructure cannot exist without the informative infrastructure, so it needs efficient information and cyber protection. To detect the data integrity violations is one of the main tasks in the field of information security. In the paper, the digital images are considered as information content. The image integrity violation often results in the change of the original storage format. The format change is an indicator of the image transformation. At the same time, this fact can be considered as an indirect indicator of its integrity violation. The effective method for distinguishing the original image in lossless format from the image re-saved to lossless format from lossy format is developed in the current work. The proposed method is an improvement of the method developed by the authors earlier. The method is based on the analysis of the number of non-intersecting image blocks, in which the normalized gap of maximum singular value increases due to the image's re-saving into a lossy format. The algorithmic implementation of the improved method allowed us to reduce the examination time in 38-56 times for more than 50% of images originally stored in lossy format compared to the prototype method. The algorithm efficiency was evaluated using Type I and Type II errors, as well as applying the accuracy coefficient (ACC). As a result of testing, Type I error was not detected, Type II error rate was 3.6%, ACC = 0.98. The obtained estimations are independent of the quality factor used when the image was initially saved in a lossy format. The developed algorithm is more efficient than almost all modern analogues, except for the prototype one. The theoretical basis of the proposed improved method makes it possible to use it for the study of the digital image integrity, violated by a minor disturbance, in particular for steganalysis in conditions of low capacity of the hidden communication channel
Real-Time Decision-Making Systems: Approaches to Construction
Authors:   Kharkiv National Air Force University named after Ivan Kozhedub Kharkiv, Ukraine, Zakharchenko Irina , Dmitriev Andrey ,   Kharkiv National Air Force University named after Ivan Kozhedub Kharkiv, Ukraine, Ovcharenko Veceslav ,   Kharkiv National Air Force University named after Ivan Kozhedub Kharkiv, Ukraine, Maslov Igor ,   Kharkiv National Air Force University named after Ivan Kozhedub Kharkiv, Ukraine, Pavlenko Maxim ,   Kharkiv National Air Force University named after Ivan Kozhedub Kharkiv, Ukraine, Timochko Alexandr ,   Kharkiv National Air Force University named after Ivan Kozhedub Kharkiv, Ukraine, Kryzhevska Ecaterina ,   Kharkiv National Air Force University named after Ivan Kozhedub Kharkiv, Ukraine
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this work is the development of mathematical tools for formalizing decisionmaking problems in open expert real-time control systems. The goal was achieved by defining and formally describing all the elements of a formal system. The most significant result was the proposed approach to formalization. With its help, within the framework of a single formalism, the dynamic properties of the subject area and the logical-analytical activity of the power system dispatcher, presented in different classes of formal logics, were described. The significance of the results obtained lies in the possibility of a rigorous description of various aspects of knowledge within the framework of a single formal apparatus with further pragmatic interpretation in the management process. The proposed approach was distinguished by using the axioms of aletic and deontic logics and the development of axioms that reflect the specifics of the problems being solved. The introduced system of basic concepts and relations makes it possible to classify many decision-making problems for the power systems management. The goals were described within the framework of a single formalism form the basis of the apparatus for formalizing the decision-making problems of the class under consideration. The formalization apparatus provides a description of the dynamic properties of the system within each aspect of knowledge of the content paradigm. The direction of further research is the construction of an appropriate formal theory based on the proposed formal system.
Integrated Method of Assessment the Type of Damages, their Localization and Predicting the Destruction of High-Voltage Electrical Equipment Insulators by the Partial Discharges Characteristics
Authors:   KSPEU Kazan, Russian Federation, Gataullin А.М. , Gubaev D.F. ,   KSPEU Kazan, Russian Federation
Published: February 2022

The aim of this study is to improve the accuracy of localization of defects in insulators and determine their type. This goal is achieved by solving the problem of combining contact and remote methods for polymer and porcelain insulators using model partial discharges. The most significant results are the regularities of the dynamics of the characteristics of partial discharges up to the prebreakdown situation for porcelain insulators, the study of the statistical distributions of partial discharges depending on their intensity, and the identification of the features of the statistical distribution of surface discharges. Part of the work is devoted to the study of the characteristics of partial discharges and their sources by spectra, polarity, statistical distributions, oscillograms, which is important from the point of view of automating the recognition of corona and internal partial discharges, as well as for the recognition of porcelain insulators destroyed by partial discharges. Regularities of changes in the statistical distribution of partial discharges up to the pre-breakdown situation were established. At the same time, the breakdown signs of the model discharge gap, the breakdown voltage values for defective and operable porcelain insulators are determined, which can be used to train models of artificial neural networks and recognize the pre-breakdown situation based on them. The most significant results were: assessment of the ohmic resistance of porcelain insulators by the characteristics of partial discharges, recognition of corona, internal and surface partial discharges of polymer insulators, localization of defects, using electromagnetic radiation sensors.
L’évaluation à distance vécue par les étudiants en situation de handicap
Authors: Wathelet Valérie , Vieillevoye Sandrine
Published: February 2022

Dans le cadre de la pandémie, depuis la session de juin 2020, de nombreux examens habituellement prévus en présentiel ont été menés à distance. À l’université, en avril 2020, les services d’accompagnement des étudiants en situation de handicap et les cellules technopédagogique et pédagogique ont uni leurs forces pour soutenir les enseignants dans l’aménagement de leurs examens et informer les étudiants pour s’y préparer et les passer. En février 2021, une enquête en ligne a été menée auprès des étudiants en situation de handicap; nous avons pu mettre en évidence des difficultés rencontrées, ce qui les aide et ce qui pourrait les aider. Cela a permis de dégager quelques bonnes pratiques pour les enseignants et pour les étudiants.
Évaluation des apprentissages et numérique : où en est-on?
Authors: Hébert Marie-Hélène
Published: February 2022

Dans le contexte de la pandémie de COVID-19 qui a entraîné des changements dans la manière d’évaluer les apprentissages des apprenants, ce neuvième numéro de la revue Médiations et médiatisations questionne la place que peut prendre le numérique dans l’évaluation pour faciliter la tâche des enseignants. Regroupant 14 contributions de formes et de contextes variés, il offre aux lecteurs de quoi inspirer leurs pratiques évaluatives ou travaux de recherche sur la question de l’évaluation.
The Green Economy and Ecosystem Services
Authors:   University of Guyana, de Souza Denise
Published: February 2022

The challenge is to access compensation … for aligning Guyana’s economic growth along a low carbon trajectory (outlined in the LCDS), and in so doing, mitigate the principal drivers of deforestation that lie outside the forest sector.
The Green Economy and Health
Authors:   University of Guyana, Rose Shanomae
Published: February 2022

Improvement in human well-being, whether called sustainable development or green economy, is to all our benefits.
An Assessment of Used Oil Management among Mechanics in Linden, Guyana
Authors:   University of Guyana, Franklin Melinda , Ketwaru Patrick ,   University of Guyana, Simmons Denise ,   University of Guyana
Published: February 2022

Environmental pollution that results from oil spills can be described as one of the most visible forms of pollution. Research has shown that a spill of used oil as little as one litre can contaminate as much as one million litres of freshwater. It is also one form of pollution in which the damages accrued can never really be valued in monetary terms. The absence of legislation governing the management of waste oil has resulted in management among waste oil generators being so poor that pollution has resulted. Although the Environmental Protection (Hazardous Waste Management) Regulations, 2000, of Guyana prohibits the improper disposal of hazardous waste, there is no formal system that allows for suitable disposal methods by outlining a safe method of doing so. The Regulations explicitly state that it does not apply to recovered oil and used oil filters.This research assessed the waste oil management practices among mechanics in Linden through the use of pre-tested questionnaires, with the aim of determining whether these practices were satisfactory. The overall practices were found to be generally poor since compliance with best practices for handling and disposal was well below 50% and contributed to unsatisfactory overall management practices.
The control of moldy risk during rice storage based on multivariate linear regression analysis and random forest algorithm
Authors: Deng Yurui , Cheng Xudong , Tang Fang , Zhou Yong ,   State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China,   Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China
Published: February 2022

Clarifying the mechanism of fungi growth is of great significance for maintaining the quality during grain storage. Among the factors that affect the growth of fungi spores, the most important factors are temperature, moisture content and storage time. Therefore, through this study, a multivariate linear regression model among several important factors, such as the spore number and ambient temperature, rice moisture content and storage days, were developed based on the experimental data. In order to build a more accurate model, we introduce a random forest algorithm into the fungal spore prediction during grain storage. The established regression models can be used to predict the spore number under different ambient temperature, rice moisture content and storage days during the storage process. For the random forest model, it could control the predicted value to be of the same order of magnitude as the actual value for 99% of the original data, which have a high accuracy to predict the spore number during the storage process. Furthermore, we plot the prediction surface graph to help practitioners to control the storage environment within the conditions in the low risk region.
A Comparative Application of Latin Hypercube Design and Box-Behnken Design Methods in Extracting Sesameoil
Authors: Aman Elmi Tufa Aman Elmi Tufa , Youmin Hu Youmin Hu , Shuai Huang Shuai Huang , Wenwen Jin Wenwen Jin , Fengcheng Li Fengcheng Li
Published: February 2022

In the past decades, most researchers focus on process optimization and extraction methods to improve oil extraction from oilseeds. However, no information available on comparative analysis of different design methods to improve the process. The objective of this study was to evaluate the applicability of Latin hypercube design (LHD) and Box-Behnken Design (BBD) in oil extraction. Experimental oil yield, analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the model, and practical observation were used to compare the methods. The result shows both methods can supply adequate data for experiments. The range of oil yield is 26 – 41% for BBD and 31 – 41% for LHD. Analytically, the ANOVA result indicates that the model constructed of the LHD experiment has a better prediction of observed oil yield at a regression coefficient (R2) of 0.98 and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 0.4 while BBD has R20.87 and RMSE 1.4. From the experiment result, BBD is more suit to design, efficient, and easier to extract oil. LHD has better design options, more flexible but less efficient in the experiment. For the given process conditions, theresult comparison empirically analyzed suggests both methods can be applied for oil extraction.
Prediction of Succinic Acid Extraction Efficiency in the Emulsion Liquid Membrane by using Machine Learning Techniques
Authors: Sevda G l Sevda G l , Aynur Manzak and G k en etinel Aynur Manzak and G k en etinel
Published: February 2022

This research aims to predict succinic acid concentration in the external phase during the emulsion liquid membrane process by using artificial neural networks along with a popular alternative method: k-nearest neighbor technique. The solute concentration values can be predicted by the proposed method without performing a great number of emulsion liquid membrane experiments. Several computer simulations were performed to demonstrate the success of the system. Simulation results showed that the estimated solute concentration values are very close to the achieved experimental results. The optimal conditions for emulsion liquid membrane were found to be: solvent kerosene, TOPO concentration (1%w/w), Amberlite LA-2 concentration (4%w/w), surfactant concentration (5%w/w), Na2CO3 concentration (5%w/v), modifier (decanol) concentration (2%w/w), mixing speed 300 rpm. The average accuracy percentages achieved by artificial neural network and k-nearest neighbor approaches were 88.75and#177;1.94% and 90.2and#177;1.2%, respectively.
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Supported Atomically Precise Palladium Nanoclusters Catalyzed Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols in Water
Authors: Taiping Gao Taiping Gao , Xiaolin Ma Xiaolin Ma , Xin Li Xin Li , Qiang Xu and Yubao Wang Qiang Xu and Yubao Wang
Published: February 2022

The first mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) supported atomically precise palladium nanoclusters catalyzed alcohol oxidation reactions in water have been achieved. The catalysts was synthesized with simple impregnation method and well characterized by TEM, FT-IR, XPS anddiffuse reflectance optical spectrum and the results proved that the Pd nanoclustersimmobilized into the pores of MSNs.The as-prepared catalyst show excellent activity for the alcohol oxidation reactions with high yield under extremely mild aqueous conditions utilizes 1 atmosphere of molecular oxygen as sole oxidant. The features of clean system, gram-scale oxidation and easy recovery catalyst make this method cost effectively and environmentally benign.
DNA Interaction and Biological Activities of Heteroleptic Palladium (II) Complexes
Authors: Muhammad Anwar Saeed Muhammad Anwar Saeed , Hizbullah Khan Hizbullah Khan , Muhammad Sirajuddin Muhammad Sirajuddin , Syed Muhammad Salman Syed Muhammad Salman
Published: February 2022

The manuscript describes the binding of DNA as well as biological studies of some mixed ligand dithiocarbamate Palladium (II) complexes (1-5). The observed compounds are of general formulae [PdCl(DT)(PR3)]. The dithiocarbamate “DT” and “PR3” groups are varied among the studied complexes as DT = bis[(2-methoxyethyl) dithiocarbamate)] (1 and 2), dibutyl dithiocarbamate (4 and 5), bis[(2-ethyl) hexyl dithiocarbamate)] (3); PR3 = triphenyl phosphine (1), benzy diphenyl phosphine (2), diphenyl-tert-butyl phpsphine (3), diphenyl-p-tolyl phosphine (4) and diphenyl-2-methoxy phenyl phosphine (5). The synthesized complexes were screened for DNA binding study via (UV Visible spectrophotometry and Viscometery) and biological activities such as anti-bacterial and anti-fungal, Molinspiration calculations and antioxidant potencies stimulated by hydrogen peroxide in human blood lymphocytes. In case of drug DNA interaction, complexes showed some sort of interaction with DNA solution. Almost all the complexes exhibited moderate antifungal and antibacterial behavior (against Gram positive and negative bacterial strains). The Molinspiration calculation study revealed that the said Pd (II) mixed complexes are biologically significant drugs having adequate molecular properties regarding drug likeness, except the log P values of complexes 3-5 because some structural adjustments must be done for enhancement of their bioavailability and hydrophilic nature. Regarding the antioxidant potential of complexes 1, 2 and 4, the H2O2 treatment of complexes violently decreased the action of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase and catalase and enhanced the level of thiobarbituric acid-reacting substances. Under experimental conditions, we conclude that all complexes act as anti-mutagens as they significantly suppress H2O2-induced oxidative damage at non-genotoxic concentrations.
Synthesis, Characterization and TheoreticalStudies of Nand#39;-(4-methoxybenzylidene)benzenesulfonohydrazide
Authors: H G zin Aslan and L tfiye Aydin H G zin Aslan and L tfiye Aydin
Published: February 2022

Nand#39;-(4-methoxybenzylidene)benzenesulfonohydrazide was synthesized and elemental analysis was conducted; IR, Raman, 1H, and 13C NMR spectral data were recorded. The potential energy surfaces (PES) of the Nand#39;-(4-methoxybenzylidene)benzenesulfonohydrazide molecule were obtained by selected degree of torsional freedom, which varied from 0o to 360and#186; in 4and#186; increments. The conformers were optimized by using a (DFT/B3LYP/6-31G(d,p)) basis set in the gas phase. The eleven conformers in the gas phase of the obtained molecule were determined and the most stable conformer (conformer 1) was re-optimized by three different basis sets of 6-31G(d,p), 6-311G(d,p), and LanL2Dz.
HOMO-LUMO analyses were performed. NBO analysis was performed to describe the around of intramolecular charge transfer. The vibrational spectra were measured in solid phase IR and detailed analysis of the vibrational spectra of conformer 1 was done; all the bands of the spectra were interpreted by the use of the potential energy distributions (PED) and the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) was plotted.
Particular Aspects on Applying Nanocarbon Quantum Dots for HIV Inhibition and Theranostics: a Review
Authors: Yaung Kwee Yaung Kwee , Alfinda Novi Kristanti and Mochamad Zakki Fahmi Alfinda Novi Kristanti and Mochamad Zakki Fahmi
Published: February 2022

Viral infection is a globally leading health issue, causing significantly unfavourable mortality with an adversely decreasing socio-economic growth. To solve those infections of global pandemic HIV specifically, the current utilization of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in human deficiency virus (HIV) theranostics has remarkably improved the life’s duration of patients infected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); however, the unfortunate drawbacks in combination with prolonged HAART therapy need to be used continuously along patient’s lifetime. Additionally, RNA virus of COVID-19 is also associated with viral pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome causing significant morbidity and mortality. Meanwhile, many scientific researchers have explored the successive novelty of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) as alternative to HIV or other related viruses theranostics in the field of antiviral drugs research, but the attempt has been still challenging to introduce perfect antiviral CQDs with excellent biocompatibility, drug resistance, and safety at several areas in the virus’s life cycle. On the contrary, CQDs-based nano-therapy is currently promising because those carbon quantum dots had multiple favourable properties, including significant antiviral response effects, water-soluble activity, color-tunable fluorescence, high yield, low cytotoxic behaviour, and promising biocompatibility. In this review, some effectively recent progress of promising CQDs forviral inhibition and theranostics explored by many studies are systematically summarized.
Efficient Construction of 4-aryl-5,8-epiminobenzo[7]annulenes based on a Cascade Michael/Cyclization Reaction
Authors: Dao Cai Wang Dao Cai Wang , Yi Luo Yi Luo , Jian Jun Li Jian Jun Li , Chi Zhang and Xiao Peng Liu Chi Zhang and Xiao Peng Liu
Published: February 2022

A practical method was developed for the gain of potentially biologically active 4-aryl-5,8-epiminobenzo[7]annulenes using tropinone as starting material with an azabicyclo[3.2.1]octan skeleton. In an effort to improve product yield, reaction process conditions were optimized and the cascade Michael/cyclization reaction went most smoothly using tetrahydrofuran as solvent in the presence of DBU at 60and#176;C for 10 hours. More diverse 4-aryl-5,8-epiminobenzo[7]annulenes were synthesized in good yields and structurally identified by NMR, FTIR and mass spectrometry analysis. The assembly of the heterocyclic core proceeds by a cascade Knoevenagel condensation, Michael addition and cyclocondensation sequence with a broad substrate applicability and good functional group tolerance.
Highly Active and Selective PtSnM1/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst for Direct Propane Dehydrogenation
Authors: Arshid M Ali Arshid M Ali , Abdulrahim A Zahrani Abdulrahim A Zahrani , Muhammad A Daous Muhammad A Daous , Muhammad Umar Seetharamulu Podila and Lachezar A Petrov Muhammad Umar Seetharamulu Podila and Lachezar A Petrov
Published: February 2022

This study is aimed to understand the role of alkaline earth elements (AEE) to the catalytic performance of PtSnM1/γ-Al2O3catalystfor the direct propane dehydrogenation (where M1 = Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba). All the catalysts were prepared by using wet impregnation.The overall catalytic performance of all the catalysts was studied at different reaction temperatures, feed composition ratios and GHSV. The best operating reaction conditions were575and#186;C, feed composition ratio of C3H8:H2:N2 = 1.0:0.5:5.5 and GHSV of 3800h-1. An optimal addition of “Ca” to PtSn//γ-Al2O3 catalyst, enhanced the catalytic activity of PtSnM1/γ-Al2O3 catalyst in comparison to other studied AEE. This catalyst had shown the highest propane conversion (~ 55.8 %) with 95.7 % propylene selectivity and least coke formation (7.11 mg.g-1h-1). In general, the increased catalytic activity of PtSnM1/γ-Al2O3 is attributed to the reduced coking extent during the reaction. In addition, the enhanced thermal stability of the PtSnCa/γ-Al2O3catalystis because of the protective layer betweenγ-Al2O3 and active metal, which allows the formation of active species such as PtSn, PtCa2 and Pt2Al phases?
Evaluating the Effect of Sewage Sludge on Bioactive Components of Momordicacharantia
Authors: Zohaib Saeed Zohaib Saeed , Ikram Ahmad Ikram Ahmad , Shahid Iqbal Shahid Iqbal , Umer Younas Umer Younas , Muhammad Pervaiz Muhammad Pervaiz , Rana Rashad Mahmood Khan Rana Rashad Mahmood Khan , Shahzad Sharif Shahzad Sharif , Abdullah M Asiri Abdullah M Asiri , Sher Bahadar Khan and Tahseen Kamal Sher Bahadar Khan and Tahseen Kamal
Published: February 2022

Momordicacharantia L. belongs to the family Cucurbitaceae. This plant has widely been reported for use in traditional medical systems for the treatment of diabetes, rheumatism, intestinal gas and malaria. The ethnicity of M. charantiais Asia, Africa and some parts of Europe where it is considered edible. Sewage sludge, a by-product of waste water treatment plant, contains several nutrients. These nutrients are known as beneficial for the better growth and good yield of the plants. The objective of this study is to optimize soil with different ratios of sewage sludge for increased growth of bioactive components in M. charantia. The plant was grown at six places; in soil containing 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% sewage sludge ratio as well as in pure soil and in pure sewage sludge. Fruit harvesting was carried out after 75 days. Methanol extract of M. charantia (Fruit) was subjected to analysis using GC-MS. Comparative quantification of 7,11-hexadecadienal, oleic Acid and stigmasterol were carried out. It has been found that the soil containing 60% sewage sludge yielded maximum quantity of 7,11-hexadecadienal, oleic Acid and stigmasterol. Therefore, optimization of soil with different ratios of sewage sludge is carried out and 60% ratio of sewage sludge in soil is recommended for the promising growth of Momordicacharantia.
Selective Removal of Hg2+ Ions from Water Using New Functionalized Silica Resin: Equilibrium, Thermodynamics and Kinetic Modeling Studies
Authors: Nida Shams Jalbani Nida Shams Jalbani , Amber R Solangi Amber R Solangi , Shahabuddin Memon Shahabuddin Memon , Ranjhan Junejo Ranjhan Junejo , Asif Ali Bhatti Asif Ali Bhatti
Published: February 2022

In current study, the diphenylaminomethylcalix[4]arene (3) was synthesized and immobilized onto silica surface to prepare a selective, regenerable and stable resin-4. The synthesized resin-4 has been characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) techniques. To check the adsorption capacity of resin-4, the batch and column adsorption methodology were applied and it has observed that the resin-4 was selectively removed Hg2+ ions under the optimized parameters. The maximum adsorption capacity was obtained at pH 9 using 25 mg/L of resin-4. Under the optimal conditions, different equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic models were applied to experimental data. The results show that adsorption mechanism is chemical in nature following Langmuir model with good correlation coefficient (R2=0.999) and having 712.098 (mmol/g) adsorption capacity. The energy of calculated from D-R model suggests the ion exchange nature of the adsorption phenomenon. Dynamic adsorption experiments were conducted using Thomas model. The maximum solid phase concentration (qo) was 7.5 and rate constant was found to be 0.176 with (R2=0.938) for Hg2+ ions. The kinetic study describes that the adsorption mechanism follows pseudo second order (R2=0.999). The thermodynamic parameters such as ∆H (0.032 KJ/mol) and ∆S (0.127 KJ/mol /K) and ∆G (-5.747,-6.306, -7.027 KJ/mol) shows that the adsorption of Hg2+ ion is endothermic and spontaneous. The reusability of resin-4 was also checked and it has observed that the after 15 cycle only 1.2 % adsorption reduces. Moreover, the resin-4 was applied on real wastewater samples obtained from local industrial zone of Karachi, Sindh-Pakistan.
Synthesis, Characterization and antioxidant activities of Semicarbazide and Thiosemicarbazide Derivatives
Authors: Abdul Manaf Abdul Manaf , Momin Khan Momin Khan , Khair Zaman Khair Zaman , Mahboob Ali Mahboob Ali , Faima Alam Faima Alam , Khalid Mohammed Khan and Basharat Ali Khalid Mohammed Khan and Basharat Ali
Published: February 2022

In this research work Semicarbazide, thiosemicarbazide derivatives 3 to 25 were synthesized by conventional methods with high percentage yield and reaction rate. 1H-NMR and EIMS spectroscopic techniques were used to elucidate the structure of the synthesized compounds. The effect of thiosemicarbazide and semicarbazide derivatives as an antioxidant agents were studied by DPPH free radical scavenging, ferric ion reducing, ferrous ion chelating assays. Higher DDPH radical scavenging activity exhibited by most of the compounds as compared to standard vitamin C. Excellent ferric ion reducing activity was indicated by compounds of theseriesas compared to standard vitamin C. However most of the compounds generally showed average ferrous ion chelating activity than standard EDTA.
Adsorption of the Orange Methyl Dye and Lead (II) by the Cationic Resin Amberliteand#174;IRC-50: Kinetic Study and Modeling of Experimental Data
Authors: Jaouad Bensalah Jaouad Bensalah , Mohamed Berradi Mohamed Berradi , Amar Habsaoui Amar Habsaoui , Omar Dagdag Omar Dagdag , Adblhay El Amri Adblhay El Amri , Omar El Khattabi Omar El Khattabi , Ahmed Lebkiri and El Housseine Rifi Ahmed Lebkiri and El Housseine Rifi
Published: February 2022

During this present study, we tested the adsorption performance of heavy metal ions; bivalent lead (Pb (II)) and the anionic dye (methyl orange (MO)) from model aqueous solutions with the ion exchange resin of the Amberliteand#174;IRC-50 type. This performance was evaluated using inductively coupled plasma (ICP) and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The pH of the solution was adjusted to 6.5 for the bath temperature, the initial mass concentration of Pb (II) and MO was adopted at 20 mg/L, the mass of the resin-type adsorbent Amberliteand#174;IRC-50 was taken at 0.1g and the adsorption capacity Qe was studied. The results obtained during this study show that the kinetic study of the adsorption was obtained at the contact time t = 30 min for the metal Pb (II) and at t = 60 min for the dye MO. These results also showed that the equilibrium of adsorption was reached at time t = 60 min with an adsorption performance of around 99% for Pb (II) and around 96% for MO. Note that the parameters of different mathematical models indicate that the adsorption process is spontaneous in the second degree.
The Effect Transparency, Accountability, Responsibility, Independency and Fairness on the Governance Performance of State Universities in Indonesia
Authors: Sulila Ismet
Published: February 2022

The universities’ high and low competitiveness in Indonesia is inseparable from the low quality of services and the management or governance in universities. As a public institution, a university or higher education has an obligation to carry out public services in the fields of education, research, and community service. To achieve superiority and good competitiveness, the university governance in Indonesia can be observable from the Key Performance Indicator. Besides, the implementation of the three pillars of higher education through the achievement of the key performance indicator results in the performance of good university governance. To achieve good governance performance, thus; transparency, accountability, responsibility, independency, and fairness are required. This present study aimed to reveal the effect of transparency, accountability, responsiveness, independency, and fairness on the governance performance of universities in Indonesia. At the same time, this study relied on the ex post facto research method. The findings based on partial and simultaneous testing depicted that the factors of transparency, accountability, responsibility, independency, and fairness positively and significantly affect the governance performance of state universities at Universitas Negeri Gorontalo.
SUMMARY OF ARTICLE "EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NURSING SERVICES IN COGNITIVE REHABILITATION IN STROKE"
Authors: Киспаева Т.Т. , Айтуова С.Ж. , Сейтбаева М.А. , Баширова Г.Р.
Published: February 2022

В статье приводятся результаты исследования оценки эффективности проводимой когнитивной реабилитации обученным медицинским персоналом в катамнезе через 6 месяцев после развития ишемического инсульта. В результате проведения когнитивной стимуляции путем стимуляции зрительной, аудиальной, кинестетической модальности обученным в рамках реформирования сестринского здравоохранения медицинским персоналом было выявлено достоверно значимое увеличение скорости переключения и концентрации внимания, объема зрительной памяти, что согласуется с данными литературы, свидетельствующими об иерархии восстановления в соответствии с онто-, филогенетическими принципами формирования когнитивных функций в онтогенезе. Полученные результаты показали эффективность проводимой когнитивной реабилитации и обусловили необходимость дальнейшего внедрения обновленной модели сестринской службы, что имеет не только медико-биологический, но и социально значимый аспект.

In this article the results of a study of evaluating the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation carried out by trained medical personnel in follow-up 6 months after the development of ischemic stroke are presented. As a result of cognitive stimulation by stimulating the visual, auditory, kinesthetic modality, the medical personnel trained in the framework of the nursing care reform revealed a significant increase in the speed of switching and concentration of attention, the volume of visual memory, which is consistent with literature data indicating the hierarchy of recovery in accordance -, phylogenetic principles of the formation of cognitive functions in ontogenesis. The results obtained showed the effectiveness of the ongoing cognitive rehabilitation and necessitated the further introduction of an updated model of nursing service, which has not only a biomedical, but also a socially significant aspect.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS AND HUNGER OF THE POPULATION IN KAZAKHSTAN IN THE 20S OF THE LAST CENTURY
Authors: Саятова А.С. , Аликеева Г.М. , Шахиева А.М.
Published: February 2022

В статье представлены редкие архивные материалы ЦГА РК о социальной драме населения Казахстане в 20-е годы прошлого века: причины и уровень беспрецедентного голода жителей республики, показатели заболеваемости и смертности детей-сирот, работа комиссий по борьбе с голодом и беспризорностью детей, санитарно-гигиенические условия детских домов для беспризорных детей.

The history of the formation and development of the Soviet system in Kazakhstan began with harsh political and economic mistakes, an aggressive system of food taxes, and a violent change in the traditional way of life of Kazakhs. Famine and drought in the early 1920s led to a complete decline in personal households. It led to unprecedented hunger, increased death rate, and mass homelessness of orphans. The lack of financing and food supplies to the starving provinces did not allow to effectively solving the problems of the population.
SPECIFIC CHANGES IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM IN PATIENTS WITH POSTOCOVIDAL SYNDROME
Authors: Ахророва Ш.Б. , Нуруллаев Н.Н.
Published: February 2022

Мы изучили функции надсегментарного отдела вегетативной нервной системы у больных с ПС. Были исследованы вегетативный тонус (ВТ), вегетативная реакция (ВР) и вегетативное обеспечение деятельности (ВОД). Проводился сравнительный анализ вышеуказанных показателей у 46 пациентов мужского и 32 - женского пола с контрольной группой. Вегетативные функции были исследованы в течении от 4 до 12 недель.Исследование вегетативных функций у пациентов ПС показало наличие у каждого из них как локальных и генирализованных, так и перманентных, пароксизмальных вегетативных расстройств.

We have investigated the functions of the suprasegmental division of the vegetative nervous system in patients with post-COVID syndrome (PS). During the research vegetative tone (VT), vegetative reaction (VR) and vegetative support of activity (VSA) were investigated. A comparative analysis of the aforecited indicators was carried out in 46 male and 32 female patients with the control group. Vegetative functions were investigated for 4 to 12 weeks. The investigation of vegetative functions in patients with PS showed the presence of local, generalized, permanent and paroxysmal vegetative disorders in each of them.