bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ENVOLVIMENTO ESPORTIVO E ESCOLAR: PERCEPÇÕES DE ALUNOS-ATLETAS DO PROGRAMA “BASQUETEBOL PARA TODOS”
Authors: Maciel Larissa Fernanda Porto , Folle Alexandra , De Souza Paulo Henrique Xavier , Vaz Gilberto , Salles William Das Neves
Published: October 2021

O objetivo deste estudo quantitativo e descritivo foi analisar o envolvimento esportivo e escolar sob a perspectiva de alunos-atletas do Programa Basquetebol Para Todos. A coleta das informações foi realizada com 80 alunos-atletas por meio de questionário. Os dados foram analisados por intermédio de recursos estatísticos descritivos (frequência simples e percentual) e inferenciais (teste Qui-quadrado ou teste Exato de Disher), com auxílio do software SPSS (versão 21). Na percepção dos alunos-atletas, o envolvimento esportivo em termos competitivos não modifica o tempo dedicado aos estudos, bem como as demandas escolares não alteram a presença nos treinos, sugerindo que quanto maior o tempo destinado aos treinos esportivos, maior o tempo dedicado aos estudos extracurriculares. Além disso, constatou-se a predominância de comunicação entre pais e treinadores com relação ao desempenho esportivo e escolar dos alunos-atletas, além de ambos incentivarem jogadores e filhos a se tornarem atletas de alto rendimento. Relativamente às estratégias de estudos fora da sala de aula, evidenciou-se que as crianças preferem estudar individualmente e com antecedência para as atividades escolares. Os principais benefícios percebidos para os estudos, advindos do envolvimento esportivo são a concentração, o compromisso e a redução do estresse, enquanto as influências negativas não foram destacadas. Conclui-se que a produção de evidências a este respeito auxiliará na participação em práticas esportivas articuladas com o desenvolvimento integral da criança, inclusive a escolar, com o intuito de disponibilizar informações para pais e treinadores sobre o nível de cobrança por eles implementado em relação ao envolvimento esportivo e escolar na percepção das crianças envolvidas.
Types of resistance and collective forced negotiation in mining
Authors: Azamar Alonso Aleida
Published: October 2021

English Abstract:
This article analyzes resistance and negotiation processes between different sectors of the population of Mazapil, Zacatecas, and the management of the Peñasquito mining company. This analysis is done through an assessment made from the perspective of environmental privatization and resistance movements to this type of activity. The research included a qualitative methodology with an ethnographic approach that was carried out in rural and marginalized areas, where the presence of the State is weak, and the population lacks adequate mechanisms and tools for negotiations in equitable conditions. The results indicate that most of the interviewees are in favor of negotiation, although the type of relation among them tend toward conflict over the control of available resources.

Spanish abstract:
Este artículo analiza los procesos de resistencia y negociación entre diferentes sectores de la población de Mazapil, Zacatecas y los responsables de la empresa minera Peñasquito, a través de una valoración desde el enfoque de la privatización ecologista y los movimientos de resistencia ante este tipo de actividades. La investigación incluyó metodología de corte cualitativo con un enfoque etnográfico que se ejecutó en áreas rurales y marginales donde la presencia del Estado es débil y la población adolece de mecanismos y herramientas adecuadas para una negociación en condiciones equitativas. Los resultados señalan que en su mayoría los entrevistados se encuentran a favor de la negociación, aunque el tipo de relación entre estos tiende hacia el conflicto por el control de los recursos disponibles.

French abstract:
Cet article analyse les processus de résistance et de négociation entre différents secteurs de la population de Mazapil, au Zacatecas, Mexique, et les responsables de la société minière Peñasquito, à travers une évaluation fondée sur la privatisation environnementale et les mouvements de résistance à ce type d’activité. La recherche s’appuie sur une méthodologie qualitative et une approche ethnographique menées dans des zones rurales et marginales où la présence de l’État est limitée et où la population manque de mécanismes et d’outils adéquats pour négocier dans des conditions équitables. Les résultats indiquent que la plupart des personnes interrogées sont favorables à la négociation, alors que leurs relations s’organisent autour du conflit pour le contrôle des ressources.
Crisis múltiples, neodesarrollismo y megaproyectos en la región sureste de México
Authors: Rodríguez Wallenius Carlos A.
Published: October 2021

English Abstract: This article analyzes the extractivist and dispossession modalities in the Mexican neodevelopmental proposal to face the multiple crises accentuated by the COVID-19 pandemic. With the qualitative narrative method applied to social processes, four infrastructure and extractivist megaprojects are analyzed. Neodevelopmental policies of the current government insist on carrying out works as a strategy to create jobs, reactivate the economy, and promote well-being, especially for the southeast region with high rates of socioeconomic inequality. The findings point to an increase in investment and job creation and a rejection by various communities and organizations that consider that their ways of life are being threatened by the efforts of the neodevelopmental government to build megaprojects before and during the pandemic.

Spanish Abstract: Este artículo analiza las modalidades extractivistas y de despojo en la propuesta neodesarrollista mexicana para enfrentar las crisis múltiples acentuadas por la pandemia de la COVID-19. Con el método cualitativo narrativo aplicado a procesos sociales, se analizan cuatro megaproyectos de infraestructura y extractivistas. Las políticas neodesarrollistas del gobierno actual insisten en realizar obras como una estrategia para crear empleos, reactivar la economía y fomentar el bienestar, especialmente para la región sureste con altos índices de desigualdad socioeconómica. Los hallazgos señalan un incremento en la inversión y en la generación de empleos pero también un rechazo de varias comunidades y organizaciones que consideran que sus formas de vida están siendo amenazadas frente a los esfuerzos del gobierno neodesarrollista por construir megaproyectos antes y durante la pandemia.

French Abstract: Cet article analyse les modalités extractivistes et de dépossession incluses dans la proposition néo-développementaliste mexicaine afin de faire face aux crises multiples accentuées par la pandémie de Covid-19. Avec la méthode narrative qualitative appliquée aux processus sociaux, quatre mégaprojets d’infrastructures et d’extraction sont analysés. Les politiques néo-développementalistes du gouvernement actuel insistent sur la réalisation de travaux comme stratégie pour créer des emplois, réactiver l’économie et promouvoir le bien-être, en particulier pour la région du sud-est qui connaît des taux élevés d’inégalités socio-économiques. Les résultats indiquent une augmentation des investissements et de la création d’emplois, mais aussi un rejet de la part de diverses communautés et organisations qui considèrent que leurs modes de vie sont menacés par les efforts du gouvernement néo-développementaliste pour construire des mégaprojets avant et pendant la pandémie.
Time to return to work after elective lumbar spine surgery
Authors: Singh Supriya , Ailon Tamir , McIntosh Greg , Dea Nicolas , Paquet Jerome , Abraham Edward , Bailey Christopher S. , Weber Michael H. , Johnson Michael G. , Nataraj Andrew , Glennie R. Andrew , Attabib Najmedden , Kelly Adrienne , Hall Hamilton , Rampersaud Y. Raja , Manson Neil , Phan Philippe , Thomas Kenneth , Fisher Charles G. , Charest-Morin Raphaële
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE

Time to return to work (RTW) after elective lumbar spine surgery is variable and dependent on many factors including patient, work-related, and surgical factors. The primary objective of this study was to describe the time and rate of RTW after elective lumbar spine surgery. Secondary objectives were to determine predictors of early RTW (< 90 days) and no RTW in this population.

METHODS

A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from the multicenter Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network (CSORN) surgical registry was performed to identify patients who were employed and underwent elective 1- or 2-level discectomy, laminectomy, and/or fusion procedures between January 2015 and December 2019. The percentage of patients who returned to work and the time to RTW postoperatively were calculated. Predictors of early RTW and not returning to work were determined using a multivariable Cox regression model and a multivariable logistic regression model, respectively.

RESULTS

Of the 1805 employed patients included in this analysis, 71% returned to work at a median of 61 days. The median RTW after a discectomy, laminectomy, or fusion procedure was 51, 46, and 90 days, respectively. Predictors of early RTW included male gender, higher education level (high school or above), higher preoperative Physical Component Summary score, working preoperatively, a nonfusion procedure, and surgery in a western Canadian province (p < 0.05). Patients who were working preoperatively were twice as likely to RTW within 90 days (HR 1.984, 95% CI 1.680–2.344, p < 0.001) than those who were employed but not working. Predictors of not returning to work included symptoms lasting more than 2 years, an increased number of comorbidities, an education level below high school, and an active workers’ compensation claim (p < 0.05). There were fourfold odds of not returning to work for patients who had not been working preoperatively (OR 4.076, 95% CI 3.087–5.383, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

In the Canadian population, 71% of a preoperatively employed segment returned to work after 1- or 2-level lumbar spine surgery. Most patients who undergo a nonfusion procedure RTW after 6 to 8 weeks, whereas patients undergoing a fusion procedure RTW at 12 weeks. Working preoperatively significantly increased the likelihood of early RTW.
Clinical accuracy and initial experience with augmented reality–assisted pedicle screw placement: the first 205 screws
Authors: Liu Ann , Jin Yike , Cottrill Ethan , Khan Majid , Westbroek Erick , Ehresman Jeff , Pennington Zach , Lo Sheng-fu L. , Sciubba Daniel M. , Molina Camilo A. , Witham Timothy F.
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE

Augmented reality (AR) is a novel technology which, when applied to spine surgery, offers the potential for efficient, safe, and accurate placement of spinal instrumentation. The authors report the accuracy of the first 205 pedicle screws consecutively placed at their institution by using AR assistance with a unique head-mounted display (HMD) navigation system.

METHODS

A retrospective review was performed of the first 28 consecutive patients who underwent AR-assisted pedicle screw placement in the thoracic, lumbar, and/or sacral spine at the authors’ institution. Clinical accuracy for each pedicle screw was graded using the Gertzbein-Robbins scale by an independent neuroradiologist working in a blinded fashion.

RESULTS

Twenty-eight consecutive patients underwent thoracic, lumbar, or sacral pedicle screw placement with AR assistance. The median age at the time of surgery was 62.5 (IQR 13.8) years and the median body mass index was 31 (IQR 8.6) kg/m2. Indications for surgery included degenerative disease (n = 12, 43%); deformity correction (n = 12, 43%); tumor (n = 3, 11%); and trauma (n = 1, 4%). The majority of patients (n = 26, 93%) presented with low-back pain, 19 (68%) patients presented with radicular leg pain, and 10 (36%) patients had documented lower extremity weakness. A total of 205 screws were consecutively placed, with 112 (55%) placed in the lumbar spine, 67 (33%) in the thoracic spine, and 26 (13%) at S1. Screw placement accuracy was 98.5% for thoracic screws, 97.8% for lumbar/S1 screws, and 98.0% overall.

CONCLUSIONS

AR depicted through a unique HMD is a novel and clinically accurate technology for the navigated insertion of pedicle screws. The authors describe the first 205 AR-assisted thoracic, lumbar, and sacral pedicle screws consecutively placed at their institution with an accuracy of 98.0% as determined by a Gertzbein-Robbins grade of A or B.
Outcome after resective epilepsy surgery in the elderly
Authors: Rácz Attila , Menne Kathryn , Borger Valeri , Hampel Kevin G. , Vatter Hartmut , Helmstaedter Christoph , Elger Christian E. , Surges Rainer
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study was to compare complications, seizures, and neuropsychological outcomes after resective epilepsy surgery in patients ≥ 60 years of age who underwent operations to younger and matched controls.

METHODS

Charts of 2243 patients were screened for operated patients in the authors’ center between 2000 and 2015. Patients with available postsurgical follow-up data who were operated on at the age of 60 years or older and matched (by gender, histopathology, and side of surgery) controls who were between 20 and 40 years of age at the time of surgery were included. Outcomes regarding postoperative seizure control were scored according to the Engel classification and group comparisons were performed by using chi-square statistics.

RESULTS

Data of 20 older patients were compared to those of 60 younger controls. Postoperative seizure control was favorable in the majority of the elderly patients (Engel classes I and II: 75% at 12 months, 65% at last follow-up), but the proportion of patients with favorable outcome tended to be larger in the control group (Engel classes I and II: 90% at 12 months, p = 0.092; 87% at last follow-up, p = 0.032, chi-square test). The surgical complication rate was higher in the elderly population (65% vs 27%, p = 0.002), but relevant persistent deficits occurred in 2 patients of each group only. Neuropsychological and behavioral assessments displayed considerable preoperative impairment and additional postoperative worsening, particularly of verbal skills, memory (p < 0.05), and mood in the elderly.

CONCLUSIONS

The overall favorable postsurgical outcome regarding seizure control and the moderate risk of disabling persistent neurological deficits in elderly patients supports the view that advanced age should not be a barrier per se for resective epilepsy surgery and underscores the importance of an adequate presurgical evaluation and of referral of elderly patients to presurgical assessment.
A standardized model for in vitro testing of sutures and patches for watertight dural closure
Authors: Ebel Florian , Wanderer Stefan , Jesse C. Marvin , Schär Ralph T. , Zubak Irena , Ulrich Christian T. , Raabe Andreas
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE

CSF leaks are common complications of spinal and cranial surgeries. Several dural grafts and suture techniques are available to achieve watertight dural closure, but the effectiveness of these techniques remains unclear. The authors developed a standardized in vitro model to test available grafts and suture techniques alone or in combination to find the technique with the most watertight dural closure.

METHODS

A fluid chamber with a dural fixation device, infusion pump, pressure gauge, and porcine pericardium as a dural equivalent was assembled to provide the reusable device for testing. The authors performed dural closure in 4 different fashions, as follows: A) using running versus simple interrupted suture technique and different suture materials to close a 3-cm incision; B) selecting commonly used sealants and dural patches in combination with a running suture; C) performing duraplasty (1.5 × 1.5–cm square defect) with different dural substitutes in a stand-alone fashion; and D) performing duraplasty with different dural substitutes in a double-layer fashion. Each technique was tested 6 times. The hydrostatic burst pressure (BP) was measured and compared using the Kruskal-Wallis test or the Mann-Whitney U-test. Values are reported as mean ± SD.

RESULTS

There was no significant difference between the running and simple interrupted suture technique (p = 0.79). Adding a patch or sealant to a suture resulted in a 1.7- to 14-fold higher BP compared to solitary suture closure (36.2 ± 24.27 cm H2O and 4.58 ± 1.41 cm H2O, respectively; p < 0.001). The highest BP was achieved by adding DuraSeal or TachoSil (82.33 ± 12.72 cm H2O and 74.17 ± 12.64 cm H2O, respectively). For closing a square defect, using a double-layer duraplasty significantly increased BP by a factor of 4–12 compared to a single-layer duraplasty (31.71 ± 12.62 cm H2O vs 4.19 ± 0.88 cm H2O, respectively; p < 0.001). The highest BP was achieved with the combination of Lyomesh and TachoSil (43.67 ± 11.45 cm H2O).

CONCLUSIONS

A standardized in vitro model helps to objectify the watertightness of dural closure. It allows testing of sutures and dural grafts alone or in combination. In the authors’ testing, a running 6-0 monofilament polypropylene suture combined with DuraSeal or TachoSil was the technique achieving the highest BP. For the duraplasty of square defects, the double-layer technique showed the highest efficacy.
The neurosurgical management of sinonasal malignancies involving the anterior skull base: a 28-year experience at The MD Anderson Cancer Center
Authors: Mehta Gautam U. , Passer Joel Z. , Raza Shaan M. , Kim Betty Y. S. , Su Shirley Y. , Kupferman Michael E. , Hanna Ehab Y. , DeMonte Franco
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE

Sinonasal malignancies that extend to the anterior skull base frequently require neurosurgical intervention. The development of techniques for craniofacial resection revolutionized the management of these neoplasms, but modern and long-term data are lacking, particularly those related to the incorporation of endoscopic techniques and novel adjuvant chemotherapeutics into management schema. The present study was performed to better define the utility of surgical management and to determine factors related to outcome.

METHODS

Patients who underwent surgery between 1993 and 2020 were included in this retrospective cohort study. Only patients with greater than 6 months of clinical and radiological follow-up were included. Outcome measures included progression, survival, and treatment-related complications.

RESULTS

Two hundred twenty-five patients were included. The mean clinical follow-up was 6.5 years. The most common histological diagnosis was olfactory neuroblastoma (33%). Overall, metastatic disease and brain invasion were present in 8% and 19% of patients, respectively, at the time of surgery. A lumbar drain was used in 54% of patients. When stratified by decade, higher-stage disease at surgery became more frequent over time (15% of patients had metastatic disease in the 3rd decade of the study period vs 4% in the 1st decade). Despite the inclusion of patients with progressively higher-stage disease, median overall survival (OS) remained stable in each decade at approximately 10 years (p = 0.16). OS was significantly worse in patients with brain invasion (p = 0.006) or metastasis at the time of surgery (p = 0.014). Complications occurred after 28% of operations, but typically resulted in no long-term negative sequelae. Use of a lumbar drain was a significant predictor of complications (p = 0.02). Permanent ophthalmological disabilities were observed after 4% of surgical procedures. One patient died during the perioperative period. Finally, major complications (Clavien-Dindo grade ≥ IIIb) decreased from 27% of patients in the 1st decade to 10% in the 3rd decade (p = 0.007).

CONCLUSIONS

The surgical management of sinonasal malignancies with anterior skull base involvement is effective and generally safe. Surgical management, however, is only one facet of the overall multimodal management paradigms created to optimize patient outcomes. Survival outcomes have remained stable despite more extensive disease at surgery in patients who have presented in recent decades. The safety of such surgery has improved over time owing to the incorporation of endoscopic surgical techniques and the avoidance of lumbar spinal drainage with open resection.
Cerebrospinal fluid shunting protocol for idiopathic intracranial hypertension for an improved revision rate
Authors: Galloway Luke , Karia Kishan , White Anwen M. , Byrne Marian E. , Sinclair Alexandra J. , Mollan Susan P. , Tsermoulas Georgios
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunting in idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is associated with high complication rates, primarily because of the technical challenges that are related to small ventricles and a large body habitus. In this study, the authors report the benefits of a standardized protocol for CSF shunting in patients with IIH as relates to shunt revisions.

METHODS

This was a retrospective study of consecutive patients with IIH who had undergone primary insertion of a CSF shunt between January 2014 and December 2020 at the authors’ hospital. In July 2019, they implemented a surgical protocol for shunting in IIH. This protocol recommended IIH shunt insertion by neurosurgeons with expertise in CSF disorders, a frontal ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt with an adjustable gravitational valve and integrated intracranial pressure monitoring device, frameless stereotactic insertion of the ventricular catheter, and laparoscopic insertion of the peritoneal catheter. Thirty-day revision rates before and after implementation of the protocol were compared in order to assess the impact of standardizing shunting for IIH on shunt complications.

RESULTS

The 81 patients included in the study were predominantly female (93%), with a mean age of 31 years at primary surgery and mean body mass index (BMI) of 37 kg/m2. Forty-five patients underwent primary surgery prior to implementation of the protocol and 36 patients after. Overall, 12 (15%) of 81 patients needed CSF shunt revision in the first 30 days, 10 before and 2 after introduction of the protocol. This represented a significant reduction in the early revision rate from 22% to 6% after the protocol (p = 0.036). The most common cause of shunt revision for the whole cohort was migration or misplacement of the peritoneal catheter, occurring in 6 of the 12 patients. Patients with a higher BMI were significantly more likely to have a shunt revision within 30 days (p = 0.022).

CONCLUSIONS

The Birmingham standardized IIH shunt protocol resulted in a significant reduction in revisions within 30 days of primary shunt surgery in patients with IIH. The authors recommend standardization for shunting in IIH as a method for improving surgical outcomes. They support the notion of subspecialization for IIH shunts, the use of a frontal VP shunt with sophisticated technology, and laparoscopic insertion of the peritoneal end.
The Woven EndoBridge (WEB) device: feasibility, techniques, and outcomes after FDA approval
Authors: Mouchtouris Nikolaos , Hasan David , Samaniego Edgar A. , Saiegh Fadi Al , Sweid Ahmad , Abbas Rawad , Naamani Kareem El , Tahir Rizwan , Zanaty Mario , Khanna Omaditya , Chalouhi Nohra , Tjoumakaris Stavropoula , Gooch M. Reid , Rosenwasser Robert , Jabbour Pascal
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE

Wide-neck bifurcation cerebral aneurysms have historically required either clip ligation or stent- or balloon-assisted coil embolization. This predicament led to the development of the Woven EndoBridge (WEB) aneurysm embolization system, a self-expanding mesh device that achieves intrasaccular flow disruption and does not require antithrombotic medications. The authors report their operative experience and 6-month follow-up occlusion outcomes with the first 115 aneurysms they treated via WEB embolization.

METHODS

The authors reviewed the first 115 cerebral aneurysms they treated by WEB embolization after FDA approval of the WEB embolization device (from February 2019 to January 2021). Data were collected on patient demographics and clinical presentation, aneurysm characteristics, procedural details, postembolization angiographic contrast stasis, and functional outcomes.

RESULTS

A total of 110 patients and 115 aneurysms were included in our study (34 ruptured and 81 unruptured aneurysms). WEB embolization was successful in 106 (92.2%) aneurysms, with a complication occurring in 6 (5.5%) patients. Contrast clearance was seen in the arterial phase in 14 (12.2%) aneurysms, in the capillary phase in 16 (13.9%), in the venous phase in 63 (54.8%), and no contrast was seen in 13 (11.3%) of the aneurysms studied. Follow-up angiography was performed on 60 (52.6%) of the aneurysms, with complete occlusion in 38 (63.3%), neck remnant in 14 (23.3%), and aneurysmal remnant in 8 (13.3%). Six (5.5%) patients required re-treatment for persistent aneurysmal residual on follow-up angiography.

CONCLUSIONS

The WEB device has been successfully used for the treatment of both unruptured and ruptured wide-neck bifurcation aneurysms by achieving intrasaccular flow diversion. Here, the authors have shared their experience with its unique technical considerations and device size selection, as well as critically reviewed complications and aneurysm occlusion rates.
Usefulness of anterior column release for segmental lordosis restoration in degenerative lumbar kyphosis
Authors: Park Jin-Sung , Lee Chong-Suh , Choi Youn-Taek , Park Se-Jun
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE

Three-column osteotomies (3COs) for surgical correction of lumbar kyphosis show a strong correction capacity, but this procedure carries high morbidity rates. The anterior column release (ACR) technique was developed as a less invasive procedure. In this study the authors aimed to evaluate sagittal alignment restoration using ACR and to determine factors that affect the degree of correction.

METHODS

This study included 36 patients (68 cases) who underwent ACR of more than one level for adult spinal deformity. Parameters for regional sagittal alignment included segmental lordosis (SL). The parameters for global sagittal alignment included pelvic incidence, lumbar lordosis, sacral slope, pelvic tilt, and sagittal vertical axis (SVA). In addition, the interdiscal height (IDH) and difference of interdiscal angle (DIDA) were measured to evaluate the stiffness of the vertebra segment. The changes in SL were evaluated after ACR and the change of global sagittal alignment was also determined. Factors such as the location of the ACR level, IDH, DIDA, cage height, and additional posterior column osteotomy (PCO) were analyzed for correlation with the degree of SL correction.

RESULTS

Thirty-six patients were included in this study. A total of 68 levels were operated with the ACR (8 levels at L2–3, 27 levels at L3–4, and 33 levels at L4–5). ACR was performed for 1 level in 10 patients, 2 levels in 20, and 3 levels in 6 patients (mean 1.9 ± 0.7 levels per patient). Mean follow-up duration was 27.1 ± 4.2 months. The mean SL of the total segment was 0.4° ± 7.2° preoperatively and increased by 15.3° ± 5.5° at the last follow-up (p < 0.001); thus, the mean increase of SL was 14.9° ± 8.1° per one ACR. Global sagittal alignment was also improved following SL restoration with SVA from 101.9 mm to 31.4 mm. The degree of SL correction was correlated with the location of ACR level (p = 0.041) and was not correlated with IDH, DIDA, cage height and additional PCO.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrated that the mean correction angle of SL was 14.9 per one ACR. The degree of disc space collapse and stiffness of segment did not affect the degree of correction by ACR.
Burden of pediatric neurosurgical disease in a rural developing country: perspectives from southwest Nigeria
Authors: Oyemolade Toyin A. , Adeleye Amos O. , Olusola Ayodele J. , Ehinola Busayo A. , Aikhomu Ebosetale P. , Iroko Anita A.
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE

The proportion of the global burden of neurosurgical disease represented by pediatric neurosurgical pathology is unknown, especially in lower-middle income countries (LMICs) where there exists no known data-driven literature on the subject. In this study, the authors aimed to quantify the pediatric neurosurgical disease profile in a rural area of a developing country.

METHODS

This was a prospective observational study of all pediatric neurosurgical patients managed at a single center over a 30-month period.

RESULTS

Overall, 226 pediatric patients were included in the study (150 males and 76 females, male/female ratio 2:1), accounting for 20.4% of the total patient population during the study period. The modal age distribution was the 0- to 4-year-old group (32.3%), and head injury was the most common presentation, occurring alone in 157 patients (69.5%). Hydrocephalus alone was seen in 21 patients (9.3%) and in combination with myelomeningocele in 4 patients (1.8%). Brain tumors were found in 6 patients (2.7%), infective lesions in 6 patients (2.7%), and encephaloceles in 2 patients (0.9%). The treatment outcome was good in 170 patients (75.2%). Fourteen patients (6.2%) were referred to more advanced health facilities for specialized care; 29 patients (12.8%) were discharged against medical advice, mostly because of financial constraints; and 8 patients (3.5%) died. Several surgical cases could not be performed because of sundry logistical constraints.

CONCLUSIONS

Pediatric neurosurgical disease accounted for one-fifth of the neurosurgical workload at a tertiary health facility in southwest Nigeria. Trauma was the most common presentation, and optimal in-hospital treatment, including surgery, was hampered by severe logistical constraints in a significant proportion of the cases.
PERJANJIAN PINJAM MEMINJAM FINTECH DIHUBUNGKAN KATA SEPAKAT PARA PIHAK SESUAI KETENTUAN PASAL 1320 KUHPERDATA DAN UNDANG UNDANG ITE
Authors: Wulandani
Published: October 2021

Abstrak

Di era teknologi saat ini, kredit keuangan elektronik melalui perusahaan Financial Technology yang Peer 2 Peer (P2P) Lending telah menjadi salah satu alternatif peminjaman dana dengan cepat. Walaupun memberi kemudahan, akan tetapi pinjaman daring juga memiliki banyak masalah dan risiko kepada masyarakat atau calon peminjam yang melakukan transaksi pinjaman. Cepatnya laju perkembangan tersebut tidak dibarengi dengan sosialisasi dan pemahaman yang baik sehingga dampaknya baru terasa ketika terjadi banyak masalah pasca transaksi.

 

Dari penelitian hukum yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa bentuk kesepakatan yang terjadi antara para pihak yaitu pada saat pemberi pinjaman dan penerima pinjaman sepakat atau menyetujui terhadap syarat maupun ketentuan yang diberikan oleh platform penyelenggara yang diikuti dengan pernyataan kehendak. Pernyataan kehendak tersebut dilakukan dengan cara menekan tombol persetujuan (klik agreement) berupa mengklik centang pada platform. Dalam hal terjadi gagal bayar akibat debitur wanprestasi, debitur tetap mendapat perlindungan atas hak-haknya. Pemberi pinjaman dapat melakukan upaya-upaya untuk memperoleh haknya sebagai kreditor yang diwakilkan oleh penyelenggara dalam urusannya dengan penerima pinjaman. Penyelesaian sengketa dapat melalui non-litigasi maupun litigasi sesuai dengan yang diperjanjikan.

 

 

Kata Kunci: Perjanjian Fintech, terjadinya kata sepakat, perlindungan hukum.
Feeling boundary by Brownian motion in a ball
Authors: Serafin G.
Published: October 2021

We establish short-time asymptotics with rates of convergence for the Laplace Dirichlet heat kernel in a ball. So far, such results were only known in simple cases where explicit formulae are available, i.e., for sets as half-line, interval and their products. Presented asymptotics may be considered as a complement or a generalization of the famous “principle of not feeling the boundary” in case of a ball. Following the metaphor, the principle reveals when the process does not feel the boundary, while we describe what happens when it starts feeling the boundary.
The mediating role of job autonomy between performance feedback and work performance: A millennial perspective
Authors: Ulrych Wojciech
Published: October 2021

BACKGROUND:

During such an uncertain time like a pandemic, job autonomy can play a pivotal role. It can build bridges between performance feedback and work performance in the millennial workplace. To do so, a set of management practices must be put in place to meet millennial needs.

OBJECTIVE:

This paper’s aim is to explore how job autonomy can be used at its best in the context of the millennial generation and the relationship to both performance feedback and work performance.

METHODS:

A theoretical performance feedback-work performance model mediated by job autonomy has been built based on current literature and empirical research. The research sample consisted of 185 purposefully selected working students from the Faculty of Management at the University of Łódź.

RESULTS:

Individual autonomy can play a positive mediating role between performance feedback and work performance in the millennial workplace. Job autonomy is a partly mediating construct regarding the model.

CONCLUSIONS:

Job autonomy is an important tool to improve individual performance through individual-tailored performance feedback. This study shows how a line manager can be a more future-oriented coach and an effective listener rather than just being somebody who constantly monitors their work.
Cattaneo–Christov heat flux effect on MHD peristaltic transport of Bingham Al2O3 nanofluid through a non-Darcy porous medium
Authors: El-Dabe Nabil T.M. , Abou-Zeid Mohamed Y. , Oauf Mahmoud E. , Mostapha Doaa R. , Mohamed Yasmeen M.
Published: October 2021

The present investigation analyzes the influence of Cattaneo–Christov heat and mass fluxes on peristaltic transport of an incompressible flow. The fluid is obeying Bingham alumina nanofluid. The fluid flows between two co-axial vertical tubes. The system is expressed by a varying radially magnetic field with respect to the space. Soret effect and non-Darcy porous medium are taken into account. The governing system of equations is tackled by utilizing the approximations of long wave length with low Reynolds number and with the help of homotopy perturbation method (HPM). It is noticed that the axial velocity magnifies with an increase in the value of Bingham parameter. Meanwhile, the value of the axial velocity reduces with the elevation in the value of the magnetic field parameter. On the other hand, the elevation in the value of thermal relaxation time leads to a reduction in the value of fluid temperature. Furthermore, increasing in the value of mass relaxation time parameter makes an enhancement in the value of nanoparticles concentration. It is noticed also that the size of the trapped bolus enhances with the increment in the value of Bingham parameter. The current study has many accomplishments in several scientific areas like medical industry, medicine, and others. Therefore, it represents the depiction of the gastric juice motion in the small intestine when an endoscope is inserted through it.
Securing LSB embedding against structural steganalysis
Authors: Powell Brian A.
Published: October 2021

This work explores the extent to which LSB embedding can be made secure against structural steganalysis through a modification of cover image statistics prior to message embedding. LSB embedding disturbs the statistics of consecutive k-tuples of pixels, and a kth-order structural attack detects hidden messages with lengths in proportion to the size of the imbalance amongst sets of k-tuples. To protect against kth-order structural attacks, cover modifications involve the redistribution of k-tuples among the different sets so that symmetries of the cover image are broken, then repaired through the act of LSB embedding so that the stego image bears the statistics of the original cover. We find this is only feasible for securing against up to 3rd-order attacks since higher-order protections result in virtually zero embedding capacities. To protect against 3rd-order attacks, we perform a redistribution of triplets that also preserves the statistics of pairs. This is done by embedding into only certain pixels of each sextuplet, constraining the maximum embedding rate to be [Formula: see text] bits per channel. Testing on a variety of image formats, we report best performance for JPEG-compressed images with a mean maximum embedding rate undetectable by 2nd- and 3rd-order attacks of 0.21 bpc.
Caracterização qualitativa de ovos de codornas japonesas acondicionados em diferentes tipos de embalagens
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Lana Sandra Roseli Valerio' , Lana Geraldo Roberto Quintão ,   Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Barros Júnior Romilton Ferreira de ,   Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Leão Ana Patrícia Alves ,   Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Santos Daniel Silva ,   Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Ayres Iva Carla de Barros ,   Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Lima Luiz Arthur dos Anjos ,   Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Figueiredo Anderson Neves ,   Universidade Federal de Alagoas
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of eggs of quails in different packages and storage periods, under refrigeration. 360 Japanese quail eggs were collected, using a completely randomized design, in a 3x10 factorial scheme (packages x periods), stored in cardboard, polystyrene and plastic packages, in different storage periods, with 12 replications. There was an increase in weight loss as the storage period was prolonged. For HU values, specific gravity, albumen height and albumen and yolk pH, interaction between packaging and storage periods was observed. Quail eggs under refrigeration, stored in cardboard, Styrofoam and plastic packaging, remain in excellent quality for up to 45 days.
YOUTH HEALTH MANAGEMENT SPHERE
Authors: Kononchuk Antonina I. , Svatenkova Tetyana , Svatenkov Oleksandr V. , Kononchuk Danylo I.
Published: October 2021

Introduction. Health at 10% depends on the medicine level, 20% - on the environment state, 20% - on heredity and 50% - on lifestyle. The healthy lifestyle is forming by: value awareness, conscious attitude, health support; healthy lifestyle; spirituality development; saving and promotion health life. Ukrainian adolescents` health self-assessment is lower than their peers in Europe: every five teenager consider his health mediocre or bad (27%); every third teenager has smoking experience. One in ten teenagers first smoke a cigarette at 11 or earlier, 7% smoke every day; one in seven among 11-year-old and 76% 17-year-old have alcoholic drinking experience; every nine teenagers (aged from 11 to 13 years) tries cannabis at least once. Among 12 million reported sexually transmitted diseases 3 million occur among adolescents.

Purpose. The purpose of the paper is to study the youth awareness level in the health field; to create a youth health center model.

Methodology. An extensive literary review of relevant articles and youth health research reports for the period 2009-2020, was performed using Medline, PubMed and Google databases, with the following key words: "the Ukrainian youth health state, the number of chronically ill among Ukrainian youth, the bad habits spread in the Ukrainian youth environment, youth for a healthy lifestyle". We used a descriptive cross-sectional survey with open-ended and closed-ended questions about attitude to a healthy lifestyle (n = 688).

Results. Youth consider the health as the most comprehensive definition, which is enshrined in the scientific literature (67,7%). Family remains the most influential social institution for young people today. Unemployment, low medical care level and high HIV/AIDS rates are the most important health concerns.

Conclusions. Influencing the safe behavior formation factors is defined, the young people attitude the healthy lifestyle and the mentioned factors have been described. The model of the Youth Health Support and Conservation Centre is presented
INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES IN PRESCHOOLERS: MENTAL HEALTH DETERMINANTS DURING THE PRENATAL, NATAL AND POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT STAGES
Authors: Boriak Oksana. V. , Chobanian Anna , Kolyshkin Oleksandr , Kosenko Yurij , Dehtiarenko Tetiana , Kolyshkina Alla
Published: October 2021

Introduction. A person’s mental health is a successful performance of a mental function, the result of which is a productive activity, establishing relationships with other people and an ability to adapt to change and cope with adverse life circumstances. Particularly acute is the issue of the potential negative impact of impaired development on the mental health and social functioning of children with mental and physical disabilities.

Purpose. The purpose of the paper was to identify correlations between the mental health indicators of mentally retarded preschoolers and the specifics of the prenatal, natal and postnatal stages of their development.

Methodology. Analysis of special medical, psychological and pedagogical literature; comparison and systematization of research material to determine the mental health indicators of preschoolers of mild and moderate degrees of mental retardation; mathematical methods of statistics.

Results and Discussion. These studies show that the events of the prenatal/natal period have a significant impact on the further life of the child. It is a clear fact that close interaction between the mother and the unborn child is confirmed (the child learns to perceive the world together with the mother).  However, for the relatively harmonious mental health and social functioning of a child with mental retardation, the mother’s behavior after the birth of the child is of paramount importance. This study does not reveal the entire specifics of mental health indicators of MRP, because the article presents the results of a study covering senior preschool age. School-age children were left out of consideration.

Conclusions. The obtained results confirm the conditionality of mental retardation by negative factors of prenatal, natal and postnatal stages of development. It is important to correctly diagnose the existing manifestations of mental health disorders exactly at the preschool age, in order to implement appropriate measures for correction and development
Analysis of current approaches to the treatment and quality of life improvement in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease in case of its combination with the syndrome of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia
Authors: Romash Iryna
Published: October 2021

When the structure of the connective tissue is disturbed, the probability of developing pathology of the internal organs increases. The gastrointestinal tract is one of the systems that is most often involved in the pathological process in the case of such disorders. Due to its mesenchymal origin, the esophagus is one of the first to suffer.

Normalization of mineral metabolism, correction of immunological and bioenergetic status are the main tasks in the treatment of such patients. Therapy with magnesium drugs, vitamins, anabolic drugs, ?-blockers, aldosterone antagonists, and amino acid drugs should also be used for this purpose. Patients in this group should also take drugs that contain vitamin D3
АНАЛІЗ ЕКОНОМІКО-ГЕОГРАФІЧНИХ ПІДХОДІВ ДО ІДЕНТИФІКАЦІЇ РЕГІОНАЛЬНИХ КЛАСТЕРІВ
Authors: Васильченко Анастасія Олегівна , Дем`янов Сергій Олександрович
Published: October 2021

This article is devoted to the study of economic and geographical approaches to cluster identification at the regional level. Most modern research on the identification of regional clusters is aimed at studying economic aspects, almost completely ignoring geospatial factors. The aim of the research is to analyze economic and geographical approaches to the identification of clusters at the regional level, taking into account the problem of variability of area units. The subject of the research is the study of approaches to the identification of clusters at the regional level. The study used such methods as: comparative, statistical, descriptive, systemic, analysis and synthesis. Research hypothesis. Identifying methodological limitations of cluster identification methods at the regional level in the context of economic and geographical approaches will allow a more comprehensive consideration of the cluster potential of the territory, determine the confidence interval and identify cluster structures at different levels of aggregation. The statement of basic materials. This article considers economic and economic-geographical methodological approaches to the identification of regional clusters (model of intersectoral balance, multi-sector analysis, localization and specialization coefficients, Ellison-Glaser index, Duranton-Overman method of the smallest distances, Propulsive indicators, etc.); the classification of methods of identification of regional clusters which take into account aggregation of territories is given; the technique of primary estimation of cluster potential of the territory and typology of industries on a parity of regional and branch conditions of development is offered; the index of spatial clustering is analyzed. The originality and practical significance of the research is due to the geospatial factors of clustering (MAUP) in the identification of regional clusters, which allows to determine the geographical boundaries and the unique clustering threshold for clusters at different levels of aggregation. Analysis of economic and geographical approaches to the identification of regional clusters taking into account the geospatial aspects of clustering allows to determine the degree of concentration / dispersion at certain intervals of distances with justification of clustering thresholds at different levels of aggregation. Conclusions and perspectives of further research. The economic-geographical approach to the identification of regional clusters, in contrast to the economic one, takes into account the MAUP factor, which allows to use it at different levels of aggregation and to determine geographical boundaries and a unique clustering threshold. However, further research is needed on methods for identifying regional clusters in order to develop an integrated approach that will take into account as many factors as possible and allow the most accurate identification of potential cluster formations.