bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Driving mechanism of drift-step-recovery diodes
Authors: Fang Xu , Song Huimin , Wu Yun , Liang Hua , Xia Wenfeng , Qiao Hanqing , Xie Jialing , Shi Yiping , Yi Chaolong , Li Yinghong
Published: August 2021

Parameters governing forward and reverse pumping of a device mechanism have an important influence on the cutoff and output characteristics of a drift-step-recovery diode (DSRD). Therefore, we analyzed the driving circuit for the DSRD that was used to adjust pumping parameter values. With multiple modules in parallel, a driving method exploiting narrow-pulse pumping is proposed in developing a high-repetition-frequency DSRD pulse generator. In experiments and simulations, one key factor affecting the working stability of this pulse generator operating at repetition frequencies in the megahertz range was found that helped in further optimizing the parameter settings of our 2 kV DSRD driving circuit. From this insight, a 2 kV–5 MHz all-solid-state high-repetition-frequency pulse generator based on the DSRD was developed.
Hidden coexisting firings in fractional-order hyperchaotic memristor-coupled HR neural network with two heterogeneous neurons and its applications
Authors: Ding Dawei , Jiang Li , Hu Yongbing , Yang Zongli , Li Qian , Zhang Zhixin , Wu Qiujie
Published: August 2021

The firing patterns of each bursting neuron are different because of the heterogeneity, which may be derived from the different parameters or external drives of the same kind of neurons, or even neurons with different functions. In this paper, the different electromagnetic effects produced by two fractional-order memristive (FOM) Hindmarsh–Rose (HR) neuron models are selected for characterizing different firing patterns of heterogeneous neurons. Meanwhile, a fractional-order memristor-coupled heterogeneous memristive HR neural network is constructed via coupling these two heterogeneous FOM HR neuron models, which has not been reported in the adjacent neuron models with memristor coupling. With the study of initial-depending bifurcation behaviors of the system, it is found that the system exhibits abundant hidden firing patterns, such as periods with different topologies, quasiperiodic firings, chaos with different topologies, and even hyperchaotic firings. Particularly, the hidden hyperchaotic firings are perfectly detected by two-dimensional Lyapunov stability graphs in the two-parameter space. Meanwhile, the hidden coexisting firing patterns of the system are excited from two scattered attraction domains, which can be confirmed from the local attraction basins. Furthermore, the color image encryption based on the system and the DNA approach owns great keyspace and a good encryption effect. Finally, the digital implementations based on Advanced RISC Machine are in good coincidence with numerical simulations.
Synchronization transition in the two-dimensional Kuramoto model with dichotomous noise
Authors: Sarkar Mrinal
Published: August 2021

We numerically study the celebrated Kuramoto model of identical oscillators arranged on the sites of a two-dimensional periodic square lattice and subject to nearest-neighbor interactions and dichotomous noise. In the nonequilibrium stationary state attained after a long time, the model exhibits a Berezinskii–Kosterlitz–Thouless (BKT)-like transition between a phase at a low noise amplitude characterized by quasi long-range order (critically ordered phase) and an algebraic decay of correlations and a phase at a high noise amplitude that is characterized by complete disorder and an exponential decay of correlations. The interplay between the noise amplitude and the noise-correlation time is investigated, and the complete, nonequilibrium stationary-state phase diagram of the model is obtained. We further study the dynamics of a single topological defect for various amplitudes and correlation time of the noise. Our analysis reveals that a finite correlation time promotes vortex excitations, thereby lowering the critical noise amplitude of the transition with an increase in correlation time. In the suitable limit, the resulting phase diagram allows one to estimate the critical temperature of the equilibrium BKT transition, which is consistent with that obtained from the study of the dynamics in the Gaussian white noise limit.
Flow field characteristics of a confined, underexpanded transient round jet
Authors: Thawko A. , van Hout R. , Yadav H. , Tartakovsky L.
Published: August 2021

The flow field of an impulsively started round, confined nitrogen jet was investigated using combined high speed schlieren imaging and particle velocimetry (PIV) measurements. PIV measurements were carried out at five different, normalized times (55 ≤t*≤ 392) relative to jet intrusion into a constant volume chamber. Between 100 <t*< 250, the NPR linearly increased to that for a moderately underexpanded jet (NPR ≈ 3.5). Distributions of the mean flow and Reynolds normal and shear stresses revealed two different stages in jet development. In stage I (t* = 55–103), prior to clear shock cell appearance, the jet was characterized by a leading, toroidal vortex whose induced recirculatory motion inhibited the growth of the trailing jet's shear layer instabilities and radial spreading. In stage II (t* = 196 and 392), the jet became moderately underexpanded (NPR ≥ 2) and close to the nozzle exit, flow characteristics resembled those of a “co-annular” jet. The co-annular region did not extend beyond 15 D. An analysis of instantaneous vortex numbers and strengths further supported the two identified stages in jet development and their connection to shear layer instability growth. Based on the distributions of mean flow and Reynolds stresses, it was shown that the static pressure gradient along the jet's centerline is mainly governed by the dynamic pressure gradient. Gradients of the Reynolds normal and shear stresses play a minor role. Important for gaseous fuel injection at high injection pressures, results point at limited mixing during stage I and enhanced mixing during stage II.
A unified hybrid lattice-Boltzmann method for compressible flows: Bridging between pressure-based and density-based methods
Authors: Farag G. , Coratger T. , Wissocq G. , Zhao S. , Boivin P. , Sagaut P.
Published: August 2021

A unified expression for high-speed compressible segregated consistent lattice Boltzmann methods, namely, pressure-based and improved density-based methods, is given. It is theoretically proved that in the absence of forcing terms, these approaches are strictly identical and can be recast in a unique form. An important result is that the difference with classical density-based methods lies in the addition of fourth-order term in the equilibrium function. It is also shown that forcing terms used to balance numerical errors in both original pressure-based and improved density-based methods can be written in a generalized way. A hybrid segregated efficient lattice-Boltzmann for compressible flow based on this unified model, equipped with a recursive regularization kernel, is proposed and successfully assessed on a wide set of test cases with and without shock waves.
Energetics of polymeric carbon monoxide
Authors: Bonev S. A. , Lipp M. J. , Crowhurst J. C. , McCarrick J. F.
Published: August 2021

The transformation of carbon monoxide (CO) from a molecular liquid to a polymeric solid under isothermal compression at room temperature is investigated using first principles theory. We report structural and thermodynamic properties from ambient density up to 2.45 g/cc obtained using density functional theory molecular dynamics simulations, including hybrid exchange corrections. The theoretical results are compared with newly obtained polymeric CO samples, synthesized in a large volume press. The explosive performance of polymeric CO is predicted and discussed. Under most favorable assumptions, it is found to be comparable to trinitrotoluene.
Moiré excitons in defective van der Waals heterostructures
Authors: Guo Hongli , Zhang Xu , Lu Gang
Published: August 2021

Significance

Defects are inevitable in van der Waals (vdW) materials, but their role on moiré excitons remains unknown. While both moiré and defect potentials can trap excitons in twisted vdW heterostructures, their interplay has not been explored thus far. In this work, we perform first-principles simulations to elucidate the interplay of the defect and moiré potentials in tailoring the excitonic properties in twisted vdW heterostructures. Our work provides an in-depth study of defect-trapped moiré excitons in vdW heterostructures and establishes defect engineering as a promising strategy to tailor optoelectronic responses on demand.
A filamentous archaeal virus is enveloped inside the cell and released through pyramidal portals
Authors: Baquero Diana P. , Gazi Anastasia D. , Sachse Martin , Liu Junfeng , Schmitt Christine , Moya-Nilges Maryse , Schouten Stefan , Prangishvili David , Krupovic Mart
Published: August 2021

Significance

Egress of most eukaryotic enveloped viruses, including such human pathogens as HIV-1, Ebola, and coronaviruses, occurs via budding through cellular membranes, a process concomitant with virion assembly. Archaea are also infected by enveloped viruses, but how their virions are assembled and released from the cells remained largely unknown. We show that virions of Sulfolobus islandicus filamentous virus (SIFV) are assembled and enveloped in the cell cytoplasm. Instead of budding, SIFV induces the formation of pyramidal structures, which penetrate the cell envelope and serve as portals for virion release. Comparison of the infection cycles of evolutionarily related enveloped and nonenveloped filamentous archaeal viruses suggests that the primary role of the lipothrixvirus membrane is to protect the genome against extreme environmental conditions.
Methane release from carbonate rock formations in the Siberian permafrost area during and after the 2020 heat wave
Authors: Froitzheim Nikolaus , Majka Jaroslaw , Zastrozhnov Dmitry
Published: August 2021

Anthropogenic global warming may be accelerated by a positive feedback from the mobilization of methane from thawing Arctic permafrost. There are large uncertainties about the size of carbon stocks and the magnitude of possible methane emissions. Methane cannot only be produced from the microbial decay of organic matter within the thawing permafrost soils (microbial methane) but can also come from natural gas (thermogenic methane) trapped under or within the permafrost layer and released when it thaws. In the Taymyr Peninsula and surroundings in North Siberia, the area of the worldwide largest positive surface temperature anomaly for 2020, atmospheric methane concentrations have increased considerably during and after the 2020 heat wave. Two elongated areas of increased atmospheric methane concentration that appeared during summer coincide with two stripes of Paleozoic carbonates exposed at the southern and northern borders of the Yenisey-Khatanga Basin, a hydrocarbon-bearing sedimentary basin between the Siberian Craton to the south and the Taymyr Fold Belt to the north. Over the carbonates, soils are thin to nonexistent and wetlands are scarce. The maxima are thus unlikely to be caused by microbial methane from soils or wetlands. We suggest that gas hydrates in fractures and pockets of the carbonate rocks in the permafrost zone became unstable due to warming from the surface. This process may add unknown quantities of methane to the atmosphere in the near future.
ERPP practices in the Arab world
Authors: Abusalim Anoud
Published: August 2021

Limited empirical research addresses how Arabic-speaking English as an Additional Language (EAL) scholars approach
research writing and its associated challenges despite that many Arabic-Speaking EAL scholars are engaging in global knowledge
production outside and inside the Arab World. This is even more the case now than in the past as some Arab universities are
prompting proactive research agendas that encourage publishing in high-impact English language journals. This paper examines 20
empirical studies that investigated the research writing and publishing practices of Arabic-speaking EAL scholars, and analyzes
the content of those studies according to the scholars’ research drivers and the accompanying challenges they faced when
publishing their research in English. This paper also highlights how these challenges are experienced in different universities
and countries, emphasizing the complexity of English for Research Publishing Purposes (ERPP) practices even within the same
linguistic group. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the growing ERPP scholarship by serving as a starting point for more
systematic research on Arabic-speaking EAL scholars.
Differential object marking in Catalan
Authors: Irimia Monica Alexandrina , Pineda Anna
Published: August 2021

In this paper we provide a comprehensive picture of differential object marking in Catalan, focusing on both the empirical facts and their theoretical contribution. We support some important conclusions. First, Catalan differential object marking is quite a robust and widespread phenomenon, contrary to what prescriptive grammars assume. Second, we show that, from a formal perspective, Catalan differential object marking cannot be completely subsumed under hierarchical generalizations known asscales. The contribution of narrow syntax mechanisms and nominal structure is fundamental, supporting recent views byLópez (2012)or Ormazabal and Romero (2007,2010,2013a,b), a.o. Building on these works as well as on observations initially made byCornilescu (2000)andRodríguez-Mondoñedo (2007), a.o., we adopt an analysis under which canonical, animacy-based differential marking results from the presence of an additional (PERSON) feature, beyond Case. This structural make-up is not only at the core of differences marked objects exhibit from unmarked objects with a Case feature, but also derives the prominence of differential marking on (animates) under information-structure processes, in the high left (and right) periphery, in contexts of the type discussed by Escandell-Vidal (2007a,b,2009).
Well-prefaced constructed dialogue as a marker of stance in online abortion discourse
Authors: Fleckenstein Kristen
Published: August 2021

This paper offers an analysis of well-prefaced constructed dialogue as a stance-taking resource
in written discourse on abortion. Drawing from four corpora collected from editorials, blogs, Twitter, and Reddit, I demonstrate
that writers use the discourse marker well to indicate a stance of disalignment and convey negative attitudinal
information when there is tension between the writer’s beliefs and those expressed in the constructed dialogue; the discourse
marker allows the writer to position and align themself to construct a specific identity that reinforces a positive-self,
negative-other evaluation.
Validation of ambulatory monitoring devices to measure energy expenditure and heart rate in a military setting
Authors: Gilgen-Ammann Rahel , Roos Lilian , Wyss Thomas , Veenstra Bertil J , Delves Simon K , Beeler Nadja , Buller Mark J , Friedl Karl E
Published: August 2021

Objectives.To investigate the validity of different devices and algorithms used in military organizations worldwide to assess physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) and heart rate (HR) among soldiers. Design. Device validation study. Methods. Twenty-three male participants serving their mandatory military service accomplished, firstly, nine different military specific activities indoors, and secondly, a normal military routine outdoors. Participants wore simultaneously an ActiHeart, Everion, MetaMax 3B, Garmin Fenix 3, Hidalgo EQ02, and PADIS 2.0 system. The PAEE and HR data of each system were compared to the criterion measures MetaMax 3B and Hidalgo EQ02, respectively. Results. Overall, the recorded systematic errors in PAEE estimation ranged from 0.1 (±1.8) kcal.min−1 to −1.7 (±1.8) kcal.min−1 for the systems PADIS 2.0 and Hidalgo EQ02 running the Royal Dutch Army algorithm, respectively, and in the HR assessment ranged from −0.1 (±2.1) b.min−1 to 0.8 (±3.0) b.min−1 for the PADIS 2.0 and ActiHeart systems, respectively. The mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) in PAEE estimation ranged from 29.9% to 75.1%, with only the Everion system showing an overall MAPE <30%, but all investigated devices reported overall MAPE <1.4% in the HR assessment. Conclusions. The present study demonstrated poor to moderate validity in terms of PAEE estimation, but excellent validity in all investigated devices in terms of HR assessment. Overall, the Everion performed among the best in both parameters and with a device placement on the upper arm, the Everion system is particularly useful during military service, as it does not interfere with other relevant equipment.
Cutting cosmological correlators
Authors: Goodhew Harry , Jazayeri Sadra , Lee Mang Hei Gordon , Pajer Enrico
Published: August 2021

The initial conditions of our universe appear to us in the form of a classical probability distribution that we probe with cosmological observations. In the current leading paradigm, this probability distribution arises from a quantum mechanical wavefunction of the universe. Here we ask what the imprint of quantum mechanics is on the late time observables. We show that the requirement of unitary time evolution, colloquially the conservation of probabilities, fixes the analytic structure of the wavefunction and of all the cosmological correlators it encodes. In particular, we derive in perturbation theory an infinite set of single-cut rules that generalize the Cosmological Optical Theorem and relate a certain discontinuity of any tree-level n-point function to that of lower-point functions. Our rules are closely related to, but distinct from the recently derived Cosmological Cutting Rules. They follow from the choice of the Bunch-Davies vacuum and a simple property of the (bulk-to-bulk) propagator and are astoundingly general: we prove that they are valid for fields with a linear dispersion relation and any mass, any integer spin and arbitrary local interactions with any number of derivatives. They also apply to general FLRW spacetimes admitting a Bunch-Davies vacuum, including de Sitter, slow-roll inflation, power-law cosmologies and even resonant oscillations in axion monodromy. We verify the single-cut rules in a number of non-trivial examples, including four massless scalars exchanging a massive scalar, as relevant for cosmological collider physics, four gravitons exchanging a graviton, and a scalar five-point function.
Construction cost effectiveness comparison on I-girder bridge and box culvert
Authors: Hidayat Irpan , Suangga Made , Hartanto Felix
Published: August 2021

One of the most important aspects in bridge construction is cost. A study case has been carried out in Balikpapan-Samarinda highway STA 45+990.946. In that specific location, a bridge is needed as a local road. The ongoing project is constructing a 90 m long I-girder concrete bridge. In this research, as opposed to I-girder concrete bridge, box culvert is designed and then calculate the cost. The budget calculation for bridge construction costs refers to the Unit Price Analysis Guidelines (AHS) in the Public Works Sector and General Specifications. Under the AHS Guidelines, work items are divided into 10 job divisions. The recapitulation of the construction cost budget shows that box culvert construction costs are less than I-girderbridge. In earthworks and structural works, it is the most significant cost difference between box culvert and I-girder bridge. In earthworks, the costs required to the box culvert construction is higher than the I-girder bridge construction. Meanwhile, the construction cost of the box culvert in structural works is less than the I-girder bridge.
Risk factors analysis affecting project time delay in construction projects using CATWOE analysis
Authors: Rachmayanti Wahyu , Arumsari Putri
Published: August 2021

Project delays is one of the disadvantages in project development. Risk factors are risk that are identified as a factor that causes a certain event. Risk factors consist of various kinds factors that can affect of project delays. The purpose of this research is to identify risk factors and determine conceptual model that explain the dominant factors using CATWOE analysis. The dominant factors of this research is design changes and conceptual model that chosen are the second conceptual model.
Rigid pavement optimization by using empirical mechanistic method and Kenpave software
Authors: Gabriela Shinta , Dwidarma Nataadmadja Adelia
Published: August 2021

This research was undertaken on TNC Main Road to CBD project with the aim to find an optimum design, by using Manual Perkerasan Jalan 2017 and Kenpave software. The existing pavement was redesigned to achieve a design life of 40 years, instead of 20 years. The design was also compared with other alternative designs that were obtained from past research study. The analysis was done by comparing the maximum stress values, maximum deflection values, and material cost per meter. It can be concluded for this study that the pavement modification using slag aggregates in concrete mixture as the surface layer was the most optimum pavement design as it has the lowest maximum stress and deflection values, and thus lowest cracking index and longer designed life, with a reasonable construction material cost.
Construction management risk and digital technology: lens of civil engineering, industrial engineering and architecture of eco waste water treatment construction
Authors: Meilani  , Soebandrija Ken
Published: August 2021

The sector of oil and gas, chemical and petrochemical constitute, in global perspective, are considered country’s economic investment and profits; and deemed as escalating global demand. There are challenges in handling its Waste Water Treatment (WWT) and Eco Friendly Construction (EFC). The objective of this paper is to elaborate the Construction Management Risk (CMR) and Digital Technology (DT) through the Research Methodology of Multidisciplinary Lens of Civil Engineering, Industrial Engineering and Architecture toward WWT and EFC. In this paper, the WWT refers to the case study of Sulfidic Spent Caustic (SSC).The aforementioned CMR is integrated with DT in term of Construction Management Risk System, known as CMRS. This CMRS constitutes, yet not limited to Trilogy of Client, Head Office Manager, and CEO toward Several Sites of Constructions. In this paper, the contribution of Civil Engineering constitutes the discourse and elaboration on Construction Management Risk Systems (CMRS) along with its implementation on WWT and EC. Meanwhile, the contribution of Industrial Engineering constitutes the Key Performance Indicators (KPI) and its Safety Dimensions in Construction Management. Subsequently, the Architecture contribution constitutes efficient construction implementation within the efforts to combine the balance among quality, cost, and delivery lead time.
Sustainability and affordability analysis for One Million Housing Program a case in Cileungsi District Bogor Regency West Java
Authors: Cahyani Dian Ratri , Dita Rarasati Ayomi
Published: August 2021

To spur economic growth, the Indonesian government initiates regional development, which include naming Cileungsi District Bogor Regency West Java as industrial area, which causing migration level to this area to increase. An efficient industrial area considers the housing for its employees, unfortunately, the fulfilment of housing is still a considerable problem in Cileungsi District. One Million Housing Program is a program by the government to accommodate the growing needs of affordable housing for low-income workers. However, the housing provided through this program is still considered unsustainable. This paper aims to analyse the sustainability and affordability of these housings and give improvement to the housing that can be implemented. The research used questionnaires, interviews, and observation. The data acquired through questionnaires is processed by using validity and reliability test. The houses that are being analysed are not entirely sustainable and affordable. There are several aspects of the house that are not sustainable such as the accessibility, energy and water efficiency, material and quality, and house size. These housings are only affordable for those who have an income of > IDR 4.000.000.
Performance of Wearing Surface with Addition of Wetbond-SP
Authors: DwidarmaNataadmadja Adelia , Prahara Eduardi , Setyandito Oki , Sudiyono Kris Ade , Leonardo Lie Jose
Published: August 2021

Having a pavement that lasts until its designed life is a goal for road engineers. Moisture-induced pavement distresses in flexible pavement are often found during initial stage of pavement lifetime. Previous study has shown that, based on laboratory test, using an anti-stripping agent named Wetbond-SP at dosage of 0.5% of binder weight can improve the moisture susceptibility and increase the stability of the asphaltic mixture. This research project aims to evaluate the performance of asphaltic mixture with 0.5% Wetbond-SP when subjected to actual traffic and climate condition. It was found that the laboratory test result showed an unsatisfactory result for the asphaltic mixture, but when the mixture was applied as patching infield, it can be seen that the patching performs reasonably well with only minor ravelling occurred 27 days after the patching works were completed, despite the fact there were few heavy rainfalls occurred. The research results also indicated that the usage of marginal aggregates is possible and needed to be explored further.
Geofoam: A potential for Indonesia’s soil problem II
Authors: Gunawan A
Published: August 2021

Indonesia is a country with a fair amount of hills and mountains. Having a tropical climate and high rainfall, landslides/slope failures are a common occurrence in Indonesia. According to the Indonesian National Board for Disaster Management, 355 slope failures occurred in 2019, with 81 casualties. To aggravate the problem, global warming and climate change result in extensive dry period and higher intensity rainfall. Slope failures can become more frequent in the near future. Common mitigation of slope failure includes construction of retaining structures, or by reducing water infiltration by the use of shotcrete. In this paper, the use of geofoam to mitigate slope failures is introduced, followed by a case study.
Green building construction rating assessment in The LL Dikti Office Building, XIV Biak Region, Papua
Authors: Papare Vidi J.D. , Maretha Sujana Caroline
Published: August 2021

The number of CO2 emissions produced by buildings harms the environment. Green building is an action to reduce negative impacts on the surrounding. This research had conducted to assess the rating of green building concepts that applied to the LL Dikti building, Papua. The result is the accumulation of points from each criterion such as land use, energy efficiency and conservation, water conservation, material resource, and cycle, indoor air health and comfort, and building and environment management. The total acquisition result for the building was 41 points and awarded the silver rating. Several things can do to increase the rating, such as install a kWh meter to measure electricity consumption in each load group and equipment system, use of alternative water sources, and the existence of installations or facilities to sort and collect household-like waste.
Use of Cyperus alternifolius and Eichhornia crassipes for removing heavy metal from shrimp farm effluent in wetlands
Authors: Chi-Tuan Mai , Tran Thanh , Quang-Tuong Luong
Published: August 2021

Water quality deterioration by nutrient enrichment from shrimp farming has been a concern in recent years, especially heavy metal in water resource. Phytoremediation technology using aquatic weed in wetlands increasingly applied to remediate the eutrophic waters. Objectives of this research were to evaluate the effectiveness and potential of both Cyperus alternifolius and Eichhornia crassipes in lab scale constructed wetland in reducing heavy metal as iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) using phytoremediation technologies in 1, 3, 7, 10, and 14 days. The results showed that the survival rates (SVR) of both aquatic plants in the experiment was the highest (100%) after 14 days of treatment. As a result of Zn, Fe, Cu concentration in control and experimental plot tended to decrease from start time to 14 days, concentration of iron were 0.0 mg/l in both the experiment and control plot at 14 days, the experiment plot showed effectively used in reducing a concentration of zinc and copper between the day 1 and day 14. To conclude, the results indicated that both plants could be used in wetlands engineered for iron and copper remediation.
Development of Dictionary and Checklist based on WBS (Work Breakdown Structure) of Structure Works in Stadium Construction for Safety Planning
Authors: Ikarwitaza Pandu Anugerah , Riantini Leni Sagita , Latief Yusuf
Published: August 2021

Stadium is a complex structure, needing sturdy structure components while also maintaining its function as a stadium. Stadium construction requires meticulous planning and calculation, as it will be used by many people simultaneously. Therefore, a certain tool is needed to assist the construction planning and control the structural work, so that every work detail can be defined in a detailed manner. The breakdown of each work into smaller work elements is important to minimalize the chance of error, by using Work Breakdown Structure or WBS. This research focuses on the development of the WBS into a WBS dictionary and checklist. The research methodology applied are experts’ validiation, survey and interview of respondents, as well as descriptive statistical analysis. Therefore, this research’s findings are expected to minimize errors from happening during the construction phase of a stadium structure.
Plant Redesign for pH Neutralization Process of Textile Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Yulia Elfi , Ekawati Estiyanti , Budi Eko Mursito
Published: August 2021

This study reports the redesign of a laboratory-scale pilot plant for textile wastewater treatment, especially in the pH neutralization process. The goal was to improve the plant structure, to facilitate more efficient process control. The result was a modular wastewater treatment plant that easy to operate and more efficient. A microcontroller controlled the plant. The plant was equipped with sensors and actuators to enable process monitoring and control in real-time. The control system was able to maintain the waste pH close to the setpoint (pH 8.5) despite the process disturbances.
Priority Determination of Repairing Embankment Dam using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Case Studies: Saguling Dam and Djuanda Dam
Authors: Juliastuti  , Rico I. , Cahyono C , Wijayanti Y.
Published: August 2021

Damage to the body of the dam requires fast handling, so it is necessary to repair the damage. But with a lot of damage and limited funds, a priority is needed to improve the damage to be repaired first. The research objective is to identify damages to the body of the dam based on visual and instrumentation inspection, make an assessment using the Condition Index method, and determine repair priorities by using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method and assisted by the Expert Choice program. The study was conducted at the Saguling Dam and Djuanda Dam. The results showed that the condition index of the body of the Saguling Dam is 4.044 while in the body of the Djuanda Dam is 4.149. The priority for damage repair in the Saguling Dam is sedimentation, while the Djuanda Dam is seepage.
Biomimicry comparison studies before and during Covid-19 pandemic in product design innovation
Authors: Lestari Dina
Published: August 2021

Technological advances bring changes and impacts in many aspects of human life, and it is also affecting product design innovation learning system, one of the examples is the students’ dependence on the internet in finding references to their design ideas. In this research, students are introduced to an environmental observation-based learning method known as biomimicry to create innovative product designs. Respondents in this research were students of the product design study program at the Universitas Agung Podomoro Jakarta which were divided into 2 groups as a comparison. The observation process was carried out before and during the Covid-19 pandemic in different locations and objects. The method used in this research is a participatory qualitative method with a comparative and correlational approach. The purpose of this research is to study and evaluate product design innovative learning systems by observing comparative biomimicry before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The conclusion is that after comparing biomimicry observations to students before and during the Covid-19 pandemic occurred, it turns out that there are significant differences in skills, conceptual, and creativity aspects resulting from the learning process in two different groups of students.
The effect of job stress to employee performance: Case study of manufacturing industry in Indonesia
Authors: Sari Deasy Lastya , Storyna Helen , Intan Ribka , Sinaga Putri , Gunawan Fergyanto E. , Asrol Muhammad , Redi A. A. N. Perwira
Published: August 2021

The manufacturing industry in Indonesia is proliferating, contributing almost a quarter of Indonesia’s gross domestic product (GDP). This development encourages companies engaging in the industry to increase production capacity. As a result, the employees are demanded to work harder as the manufacturing sector rises. Overwork can result in fatigue, stress and various health problems. However, work stress is a common problem faced in almost all industries and often affects employee performance. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of work stress on employee performance in the manufacturing industry in Indonesia. The sample of this research is 93 employees at the staff level who work in various manufacturing companies. This study uses partial structural data analysis techniques using SPSS version 20.0. These techniques are used to analyze the effect of work stress and work environment on employee performance. The results showed that work stress and work environment has a significant impact on employee performance with the value of R = 0.972. Based on the survey result, non-standard working hours and poor relationship with colleagues/superiors contribute to the creation of work stress which has an impact on low performance. Thus, this study suggests the organization to perform a proper stress management as a solution to work stress by implementing flexible working hours and holding discussion forums and meetings between employees. Therefore, employees will be more motivated to improve work productivity.
Clustering in food waste analysis: case study at student cafeteria
Authors: Viyanto Billy , Laurence  , Christiani Agustina
Published: August 2021

Food waste is one of the most recent global issues that is getting more attention nowadays. Food waste is all food that is not consumed or thrown away even though it is fit for human consumption. This paper presents a method of direct weighing of edible food that is not consumed in the student canteen. Based on preliminary observations, food is classified into carbohydrates, vegetables, meat and others. The results of weighing data show more accurate results compared to previous study. With a total of 226 data, the research was focused on the carbohydrate and vegetable variables. The computer algorithm using the elbow method shows the unsupervised K-Means clustering of 4 clusters. The quality of the clustering method is good, with an average silhouette coefficient of 0.6. This research can be used as a basis for further studies on food waste and life cycle assessment.
Amine-based vapor-phase crosslinking processes of polyimide-based membranes for energy efficient separations
Authors: Mangindaan Dave
Published: August 2021

Membrane processes are crucial in the industrial and engineering chemistry, for separation and purification of not only chemicals but also gases and wastewater treatment. In order to obtain high quality products from membrane processes, the membranes must be engineered to cater such performance, namely by chemical crosslinking process. One of the emerging crosslinking methods is the vapor phase crosslinking (VPC). The advantages of VPC for enhancing membranes are usage of fewer amounts of chemicals, with specific crosslinking of the top selective layer only (no unnecessary crosslinking of bulk layer). Therefore, membranes can boost their quality without sacrificing much of their productivity (quantity of flux). In this paper, several utilization of amine molecules for VPC of polyimide membranes for gas separations, pervaporation (gas-liquid separation), and organic solvent nanofiltration (OSN) are covered. The performance enhancements of the polymeric membranes for the aforementioned processes are summarized. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms of the VPC of the amine-based vapors are reviewed, based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier-transform infrared characterizations. It was found that there are several possible scenarios of interaction between amines and polyimides, which are not only involving crosslinking (combination of several polymeric chains), but also grafting, and sometimes chain scissions. The investigation of molecular mechanism of the amine-based VPC process provides insights to the relationship between structural configurations towards the separation performance of various types of membrane processes, which paves way for the development of membranes of the future.
Visual Exploration through Visual Communication Design Work Creation as an Introduction Attempt of Marine Biodiversity phase 2 – Nudibranchs
Authors: Witabora J , Homan D K
Published: August 2021

Nudibranchs are a part of marine biota that have a very interesting visual appearance. There are over 3,000 species of nudibranchs that have been discovered. Their varied visual appearances, in both shapes and colours, have made nudibranchs very popular in Underwater Macro Photography (UMP). Nudibranchs’ visual appearances can be a big potential if processed through visual communication design, especially illustration. Nudibranchs’ visual strength and illustration’s fluidity can give life to nudibranchs’ visual appearances and make them a part of Indonesia’s maritime culture. By introducing nudibranchs to Indonesians, especially the young generations, the researchers hope that the young generations will gain more interest in the ocean. This research seeks to elevate nudibranchs as maritime visual ambassadors in the effort of developing Indonesians’ maritime paradigm.
DNAku Consumers Profile: One of The First Direct to Customer Genetics Testing in Indonesia
Authors: Parung Deby Erina , Azizatikarna Kians , Amirulloh Dian , Listiyaningsih Erlin , Mahesworo Bharuno , Budiarto Arif , Simon  , Pardamean Bens
Published: August 2021

DNAku test is one of the first direct to customer genetics testing in Indonesia. DNAku test came with a different approach as it gave their customer reports of their genetic predisposition to corresponding traits. Four months after launch, we create consumer report of this genetics testing based on DNAku questionnaire results. We applied three statistical methods, including descriptive statistics, multivariate normality test, and t-test to the demographic data of the DNAku customers. The result shows population clusters which may represent population groups that are interested in genetics testing. The questionnaire also has questions about the customer’s lifestyle. The results of these questions were processed to find the lifestyle of DNAku customers.
COVID-19 Testing Pipeline: Lesson Learned
Authors: Amirulloh Dian , Sudigyo Digdo , Budiarto Arif , Nurlaila Ika , Listiyaningsih Erlin , Andrew  , Simon  , Pardamean Bens
Published: August 2021

The transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) in Indonesia is seen to be uncontrollably increasing that urges the government to leverage the capacity for the disease detections. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), rapid test and computed tomography (CT) scan are the most common methods to determine if one has been infected regardless of whether or not the common symptoms of such Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) surface. Among these three, RT-PCR is considered the gold standard for qualitative and quantitative assessment of SARS CoV-2 detection. The present paper aims at elaborating the framework of Roche’s RT-PCR machine employed specifically for SARS CoV-2 detection performed by Genetics Indonesia which is deemed to be efficient and relatively quicker than other detection kits. RT-PCR machine detected SARS Cov-2 with RNA amplification curve equals to 10 copies RNA below the cut off value of Crossing point (Cp) positive control. Also elucidated in the paper is the implementations of EAV RNA and LightCycler® 96 RT-PCR System through which analysis time, amounts of individual required sample, as well as the reagents, can be accordingly reduced.
Digitalization of Small Batik Industry: UI/UX design to support Batik Lasem E Commerce
Authors: Saptaputra Emanuel , Basiroen V.J. , Septian Darren Eka
Published: August 2021

Batik Lasem was once one of the six biggest industries during Dutch Colonialism. However, this industry began to experience extinction until now. It was caused by the difficulty of young Lasem to continue in this industry. They tendto work in modern sector inside or outside Rembang. Because of that they had experienced some difficulties to promote with a wider range. The objective of this project is to create application that can help Batik Lasem entrepreneurs in terms of promotion and sales. Research methods that used for this study is qualitative. This research taken from both online and offline (books, journals, internet, or interview). Deeply interview with Batik Lasem entrepreneurs with Santoso Hartono, Katrin, and Rahmini will be held. After that to get more informations an interview with Dante Hidajat will be held. She is a professional writer who did a research about Batik lasem.
An IoT Solar Lamp With PV System
Authors: Gunawan A F , Wibawa A G , Linggarjati J
Published: August 2021

This research paper aims to increase the efficiency of electric usage via IoT technology. An IoT Solar Lamp is a system that aims to use solar energy as the alternative green energy to reduce AC power line consumption from our national grid system (PLN). There has been some successful product such as this one (e.g. branded Sonoff switch), but it has not used Solar PV as the main source of green energy. Therefore this system is unique because it promotes green energy usage in household application. This remote controlled lamp has 2 pieces of solid-state relay that choose electricity supplies, either from the AC power line or from the battery. The battery will be charged by a 50Wp solar panel and this system uses NodeMCU-ESP8266 that has connectivity to the internet, such that the users can choose voltage supply source and turn the lamp on or off, with a smartphone. The result of this study shows that the system can be powered by 12Volt-18Ah battery for approximately 3 hours.
Automatic Pet Feeder with Solar PV System
Authors: Airikala A V , Prasetya H C , Linggarjati J
Published: August 2021

Everything that has been done within the scope of this research is aimed towards designing a device with a solar voltage source, that is capable of directly and automatically feeding a pet animal by adhering to the schedule and conditions pre-determined by the user. The design utilizes the ESP8266 Wi-Fi module as a controller that receives weight data about the pet’s food inside a container. The Arduino also controls a servo that opens the container based on the parameters set by the user via a Blynk app in a smartphone. This system includes a relay to switch from a wall socket adapter power supply to a battery connected to a solar panel. The obtained results satisfy the purpose of the research. The device was able to operate well using the utility grid and it can last for two hours solely on a 12 V 6Ah lead-acid battery. The device is 100 % accurate in adhering to the user’s schedule, responding with an average delay time of 1.4375 seconds between the Blynk application to the ESP8266 system.
Shelf life of Microencapsulated and Free Cells of Lactobacillus plantarum IS-10506 at Different Temperatures
Authors: Wusqy N. K. , Surono I. S.
Published: August 2021

Survival of microencapsulated probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum IS-10506 ofdadih origin at different storage conditions has been investigated. L. plantarum cells suspension was dispersed in Flocel pH 101 mixed with skim milk powder and dried by Fluid Bed Dryer (FBD) at 37°C for 2 hours, then microencapsulated by 4.75% (w/v) sodium alginate and 5.5% (w/v) calcium chloride. The microencapsulated and free cells probiotics were packed in standing aluminium pouch and stored at three different temperatures, 24°C (room temperature), 4°C (chiller), and-20°C (freezer) for 24 weeks, and the viable counts of probiotic were enumerated using MRS Agar medium every two weeks. Microencapsulated and free cells of probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum IS-10506 showed stable viability at -20°C for 24 weeks. At 4°C free cells showed significant decreased of viability while microencapsulated cells showed stable viability at week 24. Storage at 24°C led to significant loss of viability (p< 0.05) of both free cells and microencapsulated cells after 8 and 10 weeks, respectively, to undetectable level. Moisture content in both of free cells and microencapsulated cells at 24° C significantly increased at week 2. While at 4°C, there was significant increase of moisture content observed in free cells at week 2, and microencapsulated cells showed significant increase of moisture content at week 10. Likewise, at -20°C, moisture content of both free and microencapsulated cells showed significant increase at week 2 and 10, respectively.
Daylighting simulation analysis for sun shading on hotel design in West Jakarta
Authors: Maharani Yulianti B , Wijaksono S , Mariana Y
Published: August 2021

The main objective for this paper is focused on an evaluation of sun-shading daylighting in a four-star hotel design mass. The daylighting has potential and considers as the best strategy for energy saving. Lowering energy costs can directly increase revenue, coupled with the potential for gradual increase in PLN electricity. Apart from financial and service benefits, saving energy is also a form of concern for the sustainability of the environment which has an impact on social life. The method that used in this paper is quantitative simulation, which is presented in the paper by specification of daylighting in a four-star hotel design on solstice day, 21st December. The simulation is done by Velux Daylighting Visualizer, with a couple of lost variables. The simulation for this condition represents two extreme cases for maximum and minimum daylight levels in annual evaluation.