bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INITIAL BASES OF PHILOSOPHICAL AND LEGAL IDEAS OF JOHANN GOTTLIEB FICHTE
Authors: Афанасьевский В.Л.
Published: December 2023

Статья посвящена экспликации базовых представлений философско-правового учения И. Г. Фихте. Автор исходит из положения, согласно которому фихтеанские философско-правовые представления напрямую вытекают из его наукоучения как общефилософской концепции. В своей философии права Фихте пытается рассмотреть ту проблематику, которая осталась неразрешенной в философии права И. Канта. Ключевой темой фихтеанской философии права выступает вопрос о реальности наряду с моим Я также и других Я. Отсюда высвечивается базовая проблема фихтеанской философии права – выявление условий возможности существования человеческого сообщества. Автор демонстрирует, что существование Я возможно только совместно с другими Я. Поэтому подчеркивается, что Фихте делает большой шаг вперед в понимании человеческого субъекта в качестве социального существа. Далее отмечается, что эта тенденция находит свое выражение и в трактатах Г. В. Ф. Гегеля. Правовые феномены, как считает Фихте, имеют своим источником стремление всех Я достичь свободы. Однако индивиды приходят к необходимости учитывать свободу других. Поэтому стремление к свободе всегда ограничивается свободой других. Именно стремление и ограничение свободы и является истоком правовых феноменов. Таким образом, подчеркивает автор, право и социальность необходимо дедуцируются из самосознания Я.

The article explication is devoted to the basic ideas of I.G. Fichte's philosophical-legal doc-trine. The author proceeds from the position according to which Fichtean philosophical and legal conceptions are directly derived from his scientism as a general philosophical concept. In his philosophy of law, Fichte attempts to address those issues that remained unresolved in I. Kant's philosophy of law. The key theme of the Fichtean philosophy of law is the question of the reality of other selves in addition to mine. Hence, the basic problem of the Fichtean philosophy of law – the identification of the conditions of the possibility of the existence of the human community – is highlighted. The author demonstrates that the existence of the self is possible only in conjunction with other selves. Therefore, it is emphasized that Fichte takes a great step forward in understanding the human subject as a social being. It is further noted that this tendency also finds its expression in the treatises of G. W. F. Hegel. Legal phenomena, according to Fichte, have as their source the striving of all selves to achieve freedom. However, individuals come to the necessity to take into account the freedom of others. Therefore, the striving for freedom is always limited by the freedom of others. It is the striving and limitation of freedom that is the origin of legal phenomena. Therefore, the author emphasizes that law and sociality must be deduced from the self-consciousness of the Self.
ISSUES OF RECRUITMENT OF PENAL OFFICERS OF INSTITUTIONS AND BODIES OF THE PENAL SYSTEM
Authors: Панарин Д.А. , Брыков Д.А.
Published: December 2023

Представленный материал изложен с учетом базовых принципов теории уголовно-исполнительного права и пенитенциарного законодательства, образующих содержательное наполнение паспорта научной специальности 5.1.4 «Уголовно-правовые науки», в контексте рассмотрения отдельных аспектов юридической природы деятельности персонала учреждений и органов УИС, понятие и уголовно-исполнительный статус которого закреплены в ст. 24 Закона об учреждениях и органах уголовно-исполнительной системы Российской Федерации от 21.07.1993 № 5473-I (в ред. от 06.02.2019 № 4-ФЗ). Авторы на основе комплексного системного подхода с учетом анализа репрезентативного эмпирического материала вскрывают проблемные участки в возможности эффективной организации уголовно-исполнительного процесса с точки зрения поиска надлежащих механизмов стимулирования служебной деятельности работников УИС с учетом воздействия дополнительных мотивационных инструментов с целью исключения негативных факторов оттока от прохождения службы и снижения катастрофического некомплекта личного состава учреждений и органов УИС в условиях современной действительности.

The presented material is presented taking into account the basic principles of the theory of penal enforcement law and penitentiary legislation, which form the content of the passport of the scientific specialty 5.1.4 «Criminal Law Sciences», in the context of considering certain aspects of the legal nature of the activities of the personnel of institutions and bodies of the penal system, the concept and penal status of which are fixed in Article 24 of the Law on Institutions and the bodies of the penal enforcement system of the Russian Federation» dated 21.07.1993 no. 5473-I (as amended. dated 06.02.2019 no. 4-FZ). The authors, on the basis of a comprehensive systematic approach, taking into account the analysis of representative empirical material, reveal problematic areas in the possibility of effective organization of the penal enforcement process in terms of finding appropriate mechanisms to stimulate the performance of employees of the criminal justice system, taking into account the impact of additional motivational tools in order to exclude negative factors of outflow from service and reduce the catastrophic shortage of personnel of institutions and bodies of the criminal justice system in conditions of modern reality.
РЕЦИДИВ ПРЕСТУПЛЕНИЙ В РОССИЙСКОМ УГОЛОВНОМ ПРАВЕ: ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ ПОНЯТИЯ, ПРИЗНАКИ[
Authors: Терещенко А.И.
Published: December 2023

В статье анализируется понятие одной из существующих форм множественности преступлений – рецидива преступлений, вычленяются присущие ему признаки. Прослеживается эволюция регламентации рецидива в российском уголовном законодательстве, начиная с XIX в., по сегодняшний день. Именно этот исторический период определен наиболее важным для целей исследования. При этом отмечается, что усиление ответственности за преступные деяния, которые были совершены повторно, практически всегда было свойственно отечественному уголовному праву, о чем свидетельствуют памятники права XIV–XIX вв. Освещается многообразие мнений и суждений, высказываемых в доктрине о понятии рецидива, его признаках. Устанавливается факт неоправданного уменьшения современным российским законодателем признаков рецидива преступлений в УК РФ. Констатируется, что излишняя краткость, не позволившая отразить в УК РФ все ключевые признаки рецидива преступлений, – это главный недостаток легального определения рецидива. Результатом теоретического исследования стало предложение о внесении изменений в УК РФ, призванное способствовать совершенствованию регламентации уголовной ответственности при наличии рецидива преступлений. Обоснована целесообразность изменения редакции ст. 18 (ее ч. 1) УК РФ. Помимо аргументов в пользу такого решения приводится и наиболее оптимальное определение рецидива преступлений.

The article analyzes one of the existing forms of the multiplicity of crimes – the crime recidivism, and singles out its inherent features. The evolution of the recidivism regulation in the Russian criminal legislation is traced, starting from the 19th century to the present day. It is this historical period that is determined to be the most important for the purposes of the study. At the same time, it is noted that the strengthening of responsibility for criminal acts that were committed repeatedly was almost always characteristic of domestic criminal law, as evidenced by the monuments of law of the XIV–XIX centuries. The variety of opinions and judgments expressed in the doctrine about the concept of relapse and its signs is highlighted. The fact of unjustified reduction by the modern Russian legislator of recidivism signs of crimes in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is established. It is stated that excessive brevity, which did not allow to reflect in the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation all the key recidivism signs of crimes, is the main drawback of the legal definition of recidivism. The result of a theoretical study was a proposal to amend the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, designed to improve the regulation of criminal liability in the presence of recidivism. The expediency of changing the wording of Art. 18 (her part 1) of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. In addition to the arguments in favor of such a decision, the most optimal definition of recidivism of crimes is also given.
PROBLEMATIC ISSUES OF REGIME MAINTENANCE AND SECURITY IN CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF THE COMBINED TYPE
Authors: Южанин В.Е. , Горбань Д.В.
Published: December 2023

В статье подвергаются комплексному анализу проблемные вопросы обеспечения режима и безопасности в исправительных учреждениях объединенного типа. В рамках реализации раздела VII Концепции развития уголовно-исполнительной системы Российской Федерации на период до 2030 года, утвержденной Распоряжением Правительства Российской Федерации от 29 апреля 2021 г. № 1138-р, предусматривается разработка проекта и строительство учреждения объединенного типа. В связи с этим необходимо более детально продумать вопросы обеспечения безопасности подозреваемых, обвиняемых, осужденных, содержащихся в указанных видах учреждений, сотрудников и работников данных учреждений и иных лиц, посещающих учреждения объединенного типа в соответствии с действующим законодательством. Предложена теоретическая модель учреждения объединенного типа. Сделан вывод о том, что в целях обеспечения безопасности в учреждениях объединенного типа необходимо более подробно изучать личность подозреваемых, обвиняемых и осужденных. Также необходимо научно проработать и нормативно закрепить систему перекатегоризации осужденных. Кроме того, рассматриваются вопросы обеспечения безопасности отдельных категорий осужденных: бывших работников судов и правоохранительных органов, осужденных за преступления террористической и экстремистской направленности, осужденных за должностные и экономические преступления.

The article presents a comprehensive analysis of problematic issues of regime and security in correctional institutions of the combined type. As part of the implementation of section VII of the Concept for the development of the penal system of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 approved by the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated april 29, 2021 no. 1138-r, it is planned to develop a project and build a joint type institution. However, in view of the establishment of institutions of this type, it is necessary to think in more details well as the safety of suspects, accused, convicted persons held in these types of institutions, employees and employees of these institutions and other persons visiting institutions of a combined type in accordance with current legislation. A theoretical model of a combined type institution is proposed. It is concluded that in order to ensure security in joint-type institutions, it is necessary to study in more detail the identity of suspects, accused and convicted persons. It is also necessary to scientifically work out and normatively fix the system of recategorization of convicts. The issues of ensuring the safety of certain categories of convicts are also considered: former employees of courts and law enforcement agencies convicted of crimes of terrorist and extremist orientation, convicted of official and economic crimes.
FEATURES OF THE INITIAL STAGE INVESTIGATION OF A IATROGENIC CRIME
Authors: Яворский М.А. , Романова Н.В.
Published: December 2023

Одной из основных задач, стоящих перед государством, является защита и охрана здоровья граждан в России. В свою очередь борьба с правонарушениями и, в том числе уголовно наказуемыми деяниями в рассматриваемой сфере общественных отношений, сегодня стало одним из приоритетов в работе правоохранительных органов. Как известно, успех любого расследования зависит от правильного планирования. В статье акцентируется внимание на криминалистическом значении сложнейшего этапа многоцелевой поисково-познавательной деятельности следователя по расследованию ятрогенных преступлений – первоначального этапа, в ходе которого осуществляется сбор и накопление данных о многих обстоятельствах произошедшего. С учетом различных точек зрения ученых и практиков проанализированы особенности первоначального этапа расследования преступлений ятрогенного характера, показана специфика планирования первоначального этапа расследования таких деликтов. На основе анализа следственно-судебной практики по делам о ятрогенных преступлениях авторами представлен разработанный алгоритм первоначального этапа их расследования. Рассматриваемая тема будет интересна широкому кругу специалистов-теоретиков и практических работников в сфере правоохранительной деятельности, а также преподавателям дисциплин криминалистического цикла и студентам юридических вузов.

One of the main tasks facing the state is the protection and protection of the health of citizens in Russia. In turn, the fight against offenses, including criminal offenses in this area of public relations, has today become one of the priorities in the work of law enforcement agencies. As you know, the success of any investigation depends on its proper planning. The article focuses on the forensic significance of the most complex stage of the multi-purpose search and cognitive activity of the investigator in the investigation of iatrogenic crimes – the initial stage, during which the collection and accumulation of data on many circumstances of the incident is carried out. Taking into account the different points of view of scientists and practitioners, the features of the initial stage of the investigation of crimes of an iatrogenic nature are analyzed, and the specifics of planning the initial stage of the investigation of such torts are shown. Based on an analysis of investigative and judicial practice in cases of iatrogenic crimes, the authors present a developed algorithm for the initial stage of their investigation. The topic under consideration will be of interest to a wide range of theoreticians and practitioners in the field of law enforcement, as well as teachers of forensic disciplines and students of law schools.
COMMUNICATION QUALITIES OF PERSONALITY AND THEIR ROLE IN SOCIALLY IMPORTANT PROFESSIONS
Authors: Зуева Е.Г. , Корепанова Ю.Н.
Published: December 2023

Коммуникативные качества личности – важнейший элемент успешного взаимодействия между людьми. В статье рассматриваются профессионально значимые коммуникативные качества личности (на примере сотрудников территориальных подразделений органов внутренних дел). Проведено эмпирическое исследование с использованием психодиагностического инструментария: Методика диагностики уровня эмпатических способностей (В. В. Бойко), Диагностика коммуникативной социальной компетентности (КСК), Диагностика коммуникативной толерантности (В. В. Бойко). В исследовании приняли участие 156 сотрудников органов внутренних дел, из которых 67 сотрудников (1 группа) территориальных подразделений органов внутренних дел г. Санкт-Петербурга и Ленинградской области (проходящие первоначальную подготовку на базе общего среднего образования по профессии «Полицейский») и 89 сотрудников (2 группа), обучающихся на 2-м курсе Санкт-Петербургского университета МВД России. По результатам проведенного исследования выявлены значимые различия показателей коммуникативной социальной компетентности и показателей эмпатии у сотрудников на начальном этапе профессиогенеза. Определено, что сотрудники, проходящие профессиональное обучение, имеют более низкие показатели эмпатии и более высокие показатели эмоциональной устойчивости.

The communicative qualities of a person are the most important element of successful interaction between people. The article examines professionally significant communicative qualities of a person (by the example of employees of territorial divisions of internal affairs bodies). An empirical study was conducted using psychodiagnostic tools: A method for diagnosing the level of empathic abilities (V. V. Boyko), Diagnostics of communicative social competence (KSK), Diagnostics of communicative tolerance (V. V. Boyko). The study involved 156 employees of the internal affairs bodies, of which 67 employees (group 1) of the territorial divisions of the internal affairs bodies of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region (undergoing initial training on the basis of general secondary education in the profession of «Policeman») and 89 penal officerss (group 2) enrolled in the 2nd year of St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. According to the results of the study, significant differences in indicators of communicative social competence and indicators of empathy among employees at the initial stage of occupational genesis were revealed. It was determined that penal officers undergoing professional training have lower empathy scores and higher emotional stability scores.
SPECIFICS OF MOTIVATION OF CONVICTED PERSONS TO WORK
Authors: Яворский М.А. , Гусева Е.В. , Курушин С.А.
Published: December 2023

В статье рассмотрены особенности трудовой деятельности, трудовой активности и трудовой мотивации осужденных. Указанные категории имеют тесную взаимосвязь со средствами исправления осужденных, применяемыми в современной пенитенциарной практике. В статье рассматривается ценность и необходимость труда осужденных, проблемы организации труда и привлечения к нему осужденных, отмечается, что низкая трудовая занятость в местах лишения свободы отражается на исправлении осужденных. Авторы уверены, что отсутствие качественного и долгосрочного результата в уголовно-исполнительной системе по исправлению осужденных требует пересмотра модели трудовой активности осужденных. Указываются особенности мотивации осужденных к трудовой деятельности. Рассматриваются факторы мотивации как движущей силы трудовой деятельности осужденных, а также организационные составляющие мотивации. В заключение статьи подчеркивается важность применения административных, социально-психологических, педагогических методов и форм трудовой активности осужденных, использование которых направлено на исправление осужденных. В связи с этим необходимо применять особые подходы для повышении мотивации осужденных. Мотивация оказывает влияние на содержание труда осужденных, а при достижении трудовых и профессиональных успехов обеспечивает исправление осужденных.

The article is devoted to the consideration of issues related to the peculiarities of labor activity, labor practice and labor motivation of prisoners. The categories under consideration have a close relationship with the means of correction of convicts used in modern penitentiary practice. The article examines the value and necessity of the work of prisoners, the problems of organizing work and attracting convicts to it, and notes that low employment in places of deprivation of liberty is reflected in the correction of convicts. The authors are confident that the lack of high-quality and long-term results in the Penal System for the correction of prisoners requires a revision of the model of labor activity of convicts. The features of the motivation of convicts to work are indicated. Factors of motivation are considered as the driving force behind the work activity of convicts, as well as the organizational components of motivation. In conclusion, the article emphasizes the importance of using administrative, socio-psychological, pedagogical methods and forms of labor activity of convicts, the use of which is aimed at the correction of convicts. In this regard, it is necessary to use special approaches to increase the motivation of convicts. Motivation influences the content of the work of convicts, and upon achieving labor and professional success, ensures the correction of convicts.
Revitalizing the Conference on Disarmament: Workshop Report
Authors:   UNIDIR, Sebban Fanny , Revill James , Kleffmann Johanna , Hessmann Dalaqua Renata , Zhang Vivienne
Published: December 2023

The Conference on Disarmament (CD) has played a significant role in the negotiation of several major multilateral agreements that continue to contribute to global peace and security. More recently, however, negotiation in the CD has reached an impasse, leaving it unable to make progress on its agenda at a point of growing geopolitical tension. To address this issue, the United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR), with the support of France and Germany, organized a high-level retreat in Montreux, Switzerland, on 22–23 June 2023 to discuss ideas to revitalize the work of the CD and its relationship with the wider disarmament machinery. Seventy-nine participants from 60 States (including 51 CD Member States and 9 States that have applied for Observer status to the CD) participated in the retreat in their personal capacity. This report provides a factual summary of the discussion in Montreux.
Prospects for the use of wind energy for heat supply to coastal consumers of the Murmansk region
Authors:   Northern Energetics Research Centre of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Minin Valerii A. , Krivtsov Sergei I. ,   Northern Energetics Research Centre of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2023

A state of heat supply to remote coastal consumers of the Murmansk region is estimated. This article proposes to use the local energy resource — wind energy — which has a sufficiently high potential in coastal areas. It is shown that joint operation of boiler houses and wind power plants can contribute to significant fuel savings and the reduction of the prime cost of the generated thermal energy.
Experimental investigation of electromagnetic wave propagation on a substation grounding system
Authors:   Northern Energetics Research Centre of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Kolobov Vitalii V. , Barannik Maksim B. ,   Northern Energetics Research Centre of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ivonin Viktor V. ,   Northern Energetics Research Centre of the Kola Science Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2023

Experimental investigations of the propagation of electromagnetic waves in the grounding wire were carried out at the operating 150 kV substation. The wave propagation velocities obtained during the experiment are in the range of 50–100·106 m/s. Thus, the obtained wave propagation velocity along the grounding grid of the substation is several times less than the speed of light, which can radically change the design approaches of the grounding in term of lightning protection.
Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Digital Berbasis Masalah Kesehatan Lingkungan pada Matakuliah Praktikum Pengendalian Vektor dan Rodent dengan Memanfaatkan Sistem Pengelolaan Pembelajaran (SIPEJAR)
Authors: Muhammad Al-Irsyad  , Mika Vernicia Humairo  , Aditya Yudha Pratama  , Erica Ardhana Fathimah Azzahra  , Naufal Faizul Rafi  , Febrianty Quratul Aini  , Hani Constantia  , Rosiana Fadilatul Aini
Published: December 2023

Keterbatasan bahan ajar yang diintegrasikan dengan SIPEJAR sebagai Learning Management System (LMS) pada matakuliah Praktikum Pengendalian Vektor dan Rodent di Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, Fakultas, Universitas Negeri Malang dinilai masih kurang menunjang perkuliahan praktikum selama ini yang hanya digunakan sebagai pengumpulan laporan praktikum dan pelaksanaan ujian. Keterbatasan tersebut dinilai belum secara optimal menunjang proses pembelajaran mahasiswa dan kurang mempresentasikan digitalisasi serta kemajuan teknologi informasi saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan bahan ajar digital yang berbasis pada masalah kesehatan lingkungan dengan memanfaatkan SIPEJAR berupa e-modul, video penjelasan, motion grafis, infografis, audio, assessment tools serta slide presentasi. Penelitian ini diharapkan menghasilkan bahan ajar digital yang diintegrasikan di SIPEJAR untuk memudahkan dan meningkatkan hasil belajar mahasiswa pada mata kuliah Praktikum Pengendalian Vektor dan Rodent. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian (Research and Development). Teknik analisis data menggunakan presentase kelayakan bahan ajar dilihat dari validitas yang dilakukan oleh ahli media dan pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bahan ajar dikategorikan “sangat layak dan baik” berdasarkan presentase penilaian ahli media sebesar 80,3% (layak dan baik) dan penilaian ahli pembelajaran sebesar 82,1% (sangat layak dan baik).
Riesgo de Desarrollar Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2, en los Próximos 10 Años, en los Pacientes de 25 a 60 Años que Acuden a la UMF 53 Durante el Año 2023, al Usar la Escala de FINDRISC
Authors: Hernández Mosqueda César Ulises , Cruz Galindo Maribhy Dinorha , Gaitán Fraga Ma. Alejandra
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Identificar el riesgo de desarrollar Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 en los próximos 10 años, en los pacientes de 25 a 60 años que acuden a la UMF 53 durante el año 2023, mediante la escala FINDRISC. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, prospectivo, transversal y descriptivo con enfoque cuantitativo en el que se incluyeron a 383 pacientes que acudieron a la UMF 53, de 25 a 60 años, sin diagnóstico de diabetes, por simple disponibilidad, el cálculo de muestra se llevó a cabo con la herramienta: “Raosoft sample size calculator”, a partir de una muestra total de 118,432 obtenida de ARIMAC (Área de Información Médica y Archivo Clínico) de la Unidad de Medicina Familiar  53  con: una proporción del 50%, nivel de confianza del 95%. Una vez seleccionados se les invitó a participar en el estudio, en caso de aceptar, se firmó el consentimiento informado, se procedió con la toma de peso, talla y presión arterial, posteriormente con el cálculo de índice de masa corporal y toma de glucemia, se llenó el cuestionario, se clasificó de acuerdo al puntaje, se capturó la información obtenida en una base de datos en Excel y se realizó el análisis estadístico usando el programa SPSS25.Resultados: Se analizó una muestra de 383 pacientes  que acudieron a la clínica 53 en León Guanajuato, de ambos sexos, entre los rangos de edad de 25 a 60 años, en los cuales se encontró que: De 383 pacientes: riesgo bajo: 8 pacientes (2.1%), riesgo ligeramente elevado: 46 pacientes (12 %), riesgo moderado: 76 pacientes (19.8%), riesgo alto: 192 pacientes (50.1%), riesgo muy alto: 61 pacientes (15.9%).Conclusiones: La Diabetes Mellitus 2 es una enfermedad multifactorial, de gran impacto en la dinámica familiar, en éste caso existe un alto riesgo de desarrollo en los pacientes estudiados, varios de ellos se encuentran ya en condiciones de prediabetes según los criterios de actuales de la American Diabetes Association, y de la guía de práctica clínica Mexicana sobre diagnóstico y tratamiento de la Diabetes Mellitus 2, por lo que se debe concientizar a la población sobre su estado actual, y así disminuir el riesgo actual.
Neuralgia del Glosofaríngeo Asociada A Disfunción del Nodo Sino-Atrial: Reporte de Caso y Revisión de Literatura
Authors: Arreola Banda Francisco , García Maldonado Guillermo , Molinar Lechuga Marcela , Guzmán Rodríguez Nubia , Silerio González Juan Eduardo , Alcázar Quiñones Carlos Salvador , Cano Desilos Daisy Janeth
Published: December 2023

Introducción: La neuralgia del glosofaríngeo es un síndrome clínico caracterizado por paroxismos de dolor punzante en el área de distribución del noveno nervio craneal (IX). Representa del 0,2 al 1,3% de todos los tipos de neuralgias craneales y su asociación con arritmias cardíacas es extremadamente rara según la literatura. Metodología: Se realizó revisión de la literatura relacionada, identificando recomendaciones actuales sobre el abordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico de esta entidad. Caso Clínico: Se presenta el caso clínico de un paciente masculino en el cual se estableció el diagnóstico de disfunción del nodo sinusal secundaria a neuralgia del glosofaríngeo que debutó con episodios de sincope convulsivo relacionados con los paróxismos de dolor. Conclusión: La sospecha, identificación y tratamiento oportuno de esta entidad impactarán directamente en la calidad de vida de los pacientes, por lo que se recomienda tener una alta sospecha diagnóstica al valorar un paciente con paroxismos de dolor en el área de distribución del nervio glosofaríngeo, así como el apegarse a los criterios establecidos por la ICHD-III para un diagnóstico certero.
Características de las Gestantes con Amenaza de Parto Pretérmino. Una Perspectiva desde la Atención Prenatal
Authors: Medina Nolasco Evelyn Karla , Mendoza Buleje Elsa Reyna , Vilca Apaza Gladys Roxana , Mamani Fernández Nela Nelly
Published: December 2023

Introducción: Amenaza de parto pretérmino es un proceso sintomático clínico que sin tratamiento o cuando éste fracasa, conduciría al parto pretérmino. Objetivo: Describir las características sociodemográficas, obstétricas y patológicas de gestantes con amenaza de parto pretérmino. Material y método: Estudio retrospectivo, transversal, realizado en el centro de salud Ocobamba, Perú, período 2017 al 2021.  El universo fue 62 gestantes con amenaza de parto pretérmino, estudiadas en su totalidad. Se aplicó la técnica de análisis documental. Resultados: Las características sociodemográficas fueron: 45.17% tenía edades entre 18 y 35 años, 58.06% de estado civil conviviente,  67.74% con estudios secundarios y 51,61% fueron amas de casa. De las características obstétricas el 54.84% tenían entre 3 a 5 hijos, 64.52% tenía menos de 6 atenciones prenatales, 22.58% con antecedente de amenaza de parto pretérmino, 54.84% se encontraba con sobrepeso. Respecto a las características patológicas, el 35.48% de gestantantes tenía anemia, se encontró un alto porcentaje de infección urinaria (61.29%), 37.10% tuvo infección vaginal, 22.58% presentó ruptura prematura de membranas, 9.68% con preeclampsia y 1.61% tuvo diabetes. Conclusiones: Conocer las principales características de las gestantes, permite identificar riesgos, y la oportuna identificación y tratamiento durante la atención prenatal ayudará a prevenir el parto pretérmino.
La Escuela, Espacio de Socialización Secundaria y su Relación con la Reproducción de Estereotipos de Género
Authors: Díaz Cordero Aura Miguel
Published: December 2023

La formación del ser humano depende en gran medida de las situaciones contextuales cercanas a él; el carácter emerge de características propias de la cultura. Es así como los estereotipos inciden en la identidad que forman hombres y mujeres. El contexto escolar, es un espacio que no es ajeno a ese sistema de reproducción de estereotipos, de modo que actúa como un lugar de engranaje para las etiquetas que caracterizan las interacciones de lo masculino y femenino. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo el análisis la influencia de la escuela en la formación y reproducción de estereotipos de género. Se emplea un enfoque cualitativo, amparado bajo una etnografía feminista, en la cual los grupos focales y la observación participante, posibilitan la realización del estudio. Los datos se analizan a través de los registros de diarios de campo y entrevistas, producto de diversas actividades. La selección de las categorías, roles, estereotipos y espacios de socialización, permiten elaborar dichas actividades para la búsqueda de información. En esta investigación participan infantes, padres y madres de familia, así como docentes y directivas. Los hallazgos de este análisis, ponen de manifiesto que la escuela es un espacio en el que convergen estereotipos que refuerzan el androcentrismo proyectado luego desde una esfera social.
Evaluation of a cocoa dryer prototype using LabVIEW software and Arduino hardware
Authors: Rincon-Quintero A. D. , Del Portillo-Valdes Luis Alfonso , Sandoval-Rodriguez C. L.
Published: December 2023

In a country like Colombia, food drying plays an important role in the extension of technology so that farmers improve the quality of their productivity. The objective of this work is to develop a system for acquiring thermodynamic variables, to establish the energy efficiency of a product drying oven, specifically for cocoa beans using Arduino hardware and LabView software. This research begins by establishing the variables to be measured and recorded by the DHT11 sensors, such as temperature and humidity. These sensors are connected to an Arduino Uno board that has an Atmel microcontroller, which captures the information from each of these. An algorithm was also developed that captures the temperature and humidity data and sends it through the serial port to the LabView software, in which the visualization on the front panel and programming in the block diagram have been developed, being viewed from the HMI (Human Machine Interface). For the experimental tests, 3,309 grams of fermented cocoa beans were taken, and dried for 36 hours, removing a total mass of water of 1,650 grams. The results show an energy efficiency of 10.62%, concluding that the drying oven that takes advantage of the residual heat of an 18000 BTU condenser integrated with the proposed variable system is suitable for drying cocoa beans. Despite this efficiency being low, it meets the objective of removing moisture from them.
FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KELELAHAN KERJA PADA KARYAWAN PABRIK ROTI KARUNIA MANDIRI ANDUONOHU POASIA KOTA KENDARI TAHUN 2022
Authors: Mustofa Aji , Karimuna Siti Rabbani , Dewi Sri Tungga
Published: December 2023

Kelelahan kerja berarti berkurang atau hilangnya kesiagaan dan kemampuan untuk menampilkan keselamatan/keamanan yang tinggi di dalam bekerja. Semua jenis pekerjaan baik formal dan informal menimbulkan kelelahan kerja. Kelelahan kerja akan menurunkan kinerja, produktifitas kerja dan menambah kesalahan kerja. Pabrik roti merupakan salah satu jenis pekerjaan di bidang informal yang kurang mendapat perhatian pemerintah terkait fenomena kelelahan kerja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan kelelahan kerja pada karyawan pabrik roti di Pabrik Karunia Mandiri Anduonohu Poasia Kota Kendari Tahun 2022. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan desain penelitian analitik dan pedekatan cross-sectional. Analisis data menggunakan chi square dengan uji fisher’s exact. Populasi dari penelitian adalah seluruh jumlah karyawan Pabrik Roti Karunia Mandiri yaitu sebanyak 32 orang, dengan pengambilan sampel keseluruhan atau total sampling. Dalam penelitian ini instrument penelitian yang digunakan adalah kusioner, alat dokumentasi dan alat tulis serta komputer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai signifikansi variabel usia adalah 0,219, variabel jenis kelamin 1,000, variabel masa kerja 1,000, status perkawinan 0,195 dan variabel status gizi 0,006. Kesimpulan, tidak ada hubungan antara usia, jenis kelamin, masa kerja, status perkawinan dengan kelelahan kerja pada karyawan pabrik roti Karunia Mandiri Anduonohu Poasia Kota Kendari Tahun 2022. Ada hubungan antara status gizi dengan kelelahan kerja pada karyawan pabrik roti Karunia Mandiri Anduonohu Poasia Kota Kendari Tahun 2022.

Kata kunci: jenis kelamin, kelelahan kerja, masa kerja, status gizi, status perkawinan, usia
FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KECELAKAAN KERJA PADA PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN KANTOR WALIKOTA KENDARI TAHUN 2022
Authors: Aswar L. M. , Sabilu Yusuf , Pratiwi Arum Dian
Published: December 2023

Kecelakaan kerja ialah peristiwa yang tidak dapat diduga serta disangka. Tidak disangka dikarenakan kejadian itu tidak direncanakan serta tidak terjadi secara sengaja. Beberapa penyebab terjadinya kecelakaan kerja antara lain perilaku berisiko (88%), lingkungan yang tidak aman (10%), serta kejadian diluar kendali (2%). Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor risiko kecelakaan kerja pada pembangunan Kantor Walikota Kendari Tahun 2022. Teknik cross sectional dan metode kuantitatif dipergunakan sebagai desain penelitian. Sejumlah 72 orang dijadikan sebagai populasi pada studi ini yang semuanya dipekerjakan pada proyek pembangunan Kantor Walikota Kendari serta dipilih menjadi sampel menggunakan teknik total sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui penyebaran angket. Analisa data dilakukan dengan cara analisis univariat serta bivariat memakai Fisher Exact Test. Temuan dalam studi ini memperlihatkan bahwasanya tidak terdapat hubungan antara kepatuhan dengan kecelakaan kerja pada proyek pembangunan Kantor Walikota Kendari tahun 2022 (ρ-value=0,189), selanjutnya tidak ada hubungan pelatihan K3 dengan kecelakaan kerja pada proyek pembangunan Kantor Walikota Kendari tahun 2022 (ρ-value=0,260), tidak terdapat hubungan sikap kerja dengan kecelakaan kerja pada proyek pembangunan Kantor Walikota Kendari tahun 2022 (ρ-value=0,056), tidak terdapat hubungan stres kerja dengan kecelakaan kerja pada proyek pembangunan Kantor Walikota Kendari tahun 2022 (ρ-value=0,679), serta tidak terdapat hubungan kelelahan kerja dengan kecelakaan kerja pada proyek pembangunan Kantor Walikota Kendari tahun 2022 (ρ-value=0,433).

Kata kunci: kelelahan kerja, kepatuhan, pelatihan K3, sikap kerja, stres kerja
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEPATUHAN PENGGUNAAN APD PADA PEKERJA PT. WIJAYA KARYA BANGUNAN GEDUNG TBK TAHUN 2022
Authors: Irmayanti Irmayanti , Pratiwi Arum Dian , Yusran Sartiah
Published: December 2023

Kecelakaan akibat kerja di Indonesia semakin meningkat setiap tahunnya yang menyebabkan 80-85% kecelakaan industri disebabkan oleh kelalaian manusia, yaitu bekerja tanpa menggunakan alat pelindung diri (APD). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara persepsi, motivasi, dan supervisi dengan kepatuhan penggunaan APD. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan mengaplikasikan desain observasional analitik dan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh staf lapangan PT. Wijaya Karya Gedung Tbk yang berpartisipasi dalam proyek The Park Mall Kendari yang berjumlah 64 orang, Sampel dalam penelitian ini dipilih menggunakan teknik total sampling, dimana jumlah sampel yang diambil sebanyak 64 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam pengumpulan data yaitu kuesioner, lembar observasi dan dokumentasi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan antara persepsi dan kepatuhan penggunaan APD (p-value 0,240). Ada hubungan antara motivasi dan kepatuhan penggunaan APD (p-value 0,008) serta tidak terdapat hubungan antara pengawasan dan kepatuhan penggunaan APD (p-value 0,740). Adapun kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan antara motivasi dengan kepatuhan penggunaan APD pada pekerja PT. Wijaya Karya Bangunan Gedung Tbk serta tidak terdapat hubungan antara persepsi dan pengawasan dengan kepatuhan penggunaan APD pada pekerja PT. Wijaya Karya Bangunan Gedung Tbk.

Kata kunci: kepatuhan APD, motivasi, pengawasan, persepsi
Guillain-Barré syndrome associated with COVID-19 infection: A case report
Authors:   Department of Internal Medicine, Universitas Indonesia Hospital, Depok, Indonesia, Aini Muhammad Hafiz , Hidayat Rakhmad ,   Department of Neurology, Universitas Indonesia Hospital, Depok, Indonesia, Widjaya Nita ,   Department of General Medicine, Universitas Indonesia Hospital, Depok, Indonesia, Avisha Fhathia ,   Department of General Medicine, Universitas Indonesia Hospital, Depok, Indonesia, Lisman Heydi Marizky ,   Department of General Medicine, Universitas Indonesia Hospital, Depok, Indonesia, Fani Devi Nurfadila ,   Department of General Medicine, Universitas Indonesia Hospital, Depok, Indonesia
Published: December 2023

Coronavirus 2 or SARS-CoV-2 is predominantly manifests as a respiratory infection; however, it has been linked to a spectrum of neurological disorders such as vertigo, cephalalgia, cognitive impairment, myalgia, and anosmia. Emerging reports indicate several neurological illnesses that coincide with COVID-19, such as encephalitis and, notably, stroke. In this report, We present an instance of a patient infected with COVID-19 with Guillain-Barré Syndrome in this case report. Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) is an inflammatory polyradiculoneuropathy linked to various viral infections. We present the case of a 76-year-old female patient hospitalized with acute progressive symmetric ascending quadriparesis. Seven days before hospitalization, the patient experienced fever and cough with RT-PCR testing confirmed a positive COVID-19 infection. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed dissociation of cytoalbumin. Coronavirus stimulates inflammatory cells and produces various cytokines, leading to immune-mediated processes. GBS represents an immune-mediated disorder, with its pathogenesis intricately influenced by the pivotal role of molecular mimicry in its onset. Plasmapheresis was performed, resulting in an improved clinical outcome for the patient.
Analisis Pengaruh Disiplin Kerja, Komunikasi, Koordinasi, dan Motivasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Melalui Gaya Kepemimpinan Sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Afrizal Afrizal , Wahyuni Ika
Published: December 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh disiplin kerja, komunikasi, koordinasi, dan motivasi terhadap kinerja karyawan melalui gaya kepemimpinan sebagai variabel intervening. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif (quantitative method). Data kuantitatif penelitian ini menggunakan bantuan instrumen kuesioner. Teknik analisis data menggunakan structural equation modelling analysis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel koordinasi dan motivasi tidak mempengaruhi variabel kinerja karyawan, sedangkan variabel disiplin kerja dan komunikasi mempengaruhi variabel kinerja karyawan. Sementara itu variabel gaya kepemimpinan mempengaruhi variabel kinerja karyawan. Variabel disiplin kerja, komunikasi, koordinasi, dan motivasi mempengaruhi gaya kepemimpinan.
Condicionantes da aquisição de produtos da agricultura familiar para a alimentação escolar: uma análise comparativa em dois municípios paraenses
Authors: Alves Fábio , Silva Sandro Pereira , Valadares Alexandre Arbex , Bastian Lillian
Published: December 2023

Investigaram os fatores condicionantes para o grau de desempenho relacionado à aquisição de alimentos da agricultura familiar no âmbito do PNAE em dois municípios do estado do Pará: Ourém e Santa Izabel do Pará. De acordo com os autores, em que pese o contraste no cumprimento do dispositivo legal de inclusão da agricultura familiar no fornecimento de alimentos para os estudantes da rede pública, em ambos os municípios analisados, a pesquisa permitiu identificar uma série de fatores positivos que a relação da entrada dos produtores familiares no PNAE tem proporcionado a seus territórios, como o retorno de jovens ao campo, a expansão das áreas reservadas ao cultivo de alimentos e o aumento de renda das famílias.
Impactos estruturais da reforma trabalhista de 2017 sobre sindicatos de trabalhadores no Brasil
Authors: Campos André Gambier , Silva Sandro Pereira
Published: December 2023

Buscou problematizar a mudança institucional implementada pela Lei no 13.467/2017, conhecida como reforma trabalhista, sobretudo em seus aspectos relacionados à esfera da representação coletiva dos trabalhadores. As alterações decorrentes desse novo marco normativo impuseram uma transformação estrutural considerável sobre a dinâmica sindical brasileira, especialmente quanto aos mecanismos tradicionais de financiamento das entidades sindicais, o que compromete seriamente sua capacidade de prestação de serviços essenciais às suas respectivas bases sociais, como no caso dos serviços de mobilização laboral e contratação coletiva.
The Possibility of Employing an Artificial Intelligence Interpreter in the Criminal Justice System in a Society with Diverse Cultures
Authors:   Center for Public Interest & Human Rights Law Chonnam National University, Rhee Gina S.
Published: December 2023

The purpose of this paper is to stress the importance of safeguarding fundamental and protective rights for those who are socially marginalized in criminal proceedings, and to examine the introduction and necessity of legal AI technology in relation to language interpretation difficulties by presenting discrimination cases involving immigrants in criminal justice and execution procedures. Particularly, the author explores the possibility of employing AI to render judgments and broaden its application in relation to the language interpretation challenge in judicial proceedings affecting ethnic minorities. Through an analysis of the legal-tech industry in the United States, the author discusses the possibility of using artificial intelligence interpreters and proposes the introduction and use of new legal artificial intelligence technology.
The author explores the possibility of using artificial intelligence interpreters, analyzes cases and support systems in the United States, and presents directions to be pursued. Guidelines or protocols that reflect discussions such as whether interpreters can arbitrarily conduct interpretations and inform judges about potential problems caused by cultural differences are discussed by the author.
At present, the sole focus of discussion in Korea pertains to the enhancement of simple interpretation support, in regard to the protection of fundamental rights and defense rights for foreigners in judicial proceedings. However, the author emphasizes the use of artificial intelligence interpreters as ‘cultural mediators’ who understand and accurately explain subtle language expressions based on cultural differences on behalf of immigrants who may be vulnerable to legal responses due to language.
Double Trouble: Two Transits of the Super-Earth GJ 1132 b Observed with JWST NIRSpec G395H
Authors: May E. M. , MacDonald Ryan J. , Bennett Katherine A. , Moran Sarah E. , Wakeford Hannah R. , Peacock Sarah , Lustig-Yaeger Jacob , Highland Alicia N. , Stevenson Kevin B. , Sing David K. , Mayorga L. C. , Batalha Natasha E. , Kirk James , López-Morales Mercedes , Valenti Jeff A. , Alam Munazza K. , Alderson Lili , Fu Guangwei , Gonzalez-Quiles Junellie , Lothringer Joshua D. , Rustamkulov Zafar , Sotzen Kristin S.
Published: December 2023

The search for rocky planet atmospheres with JWST has focused on planets transiting M dwarfs. Such planets have favorable planet-to-star size ratios, enhancing the amplitude of atmospheric features. Since the expected signal strength of atmospheric features is similar to the single-transit performance of JWST, multiple observations are required to confirm any detection. Here, we present two transit observations of the rocky planet GJ 1132 b with JWST NIRSpec G395H, covering 2.8–5.2 μm. Previous Hubble Space Telescope WFC3 observations of GJ 1132 b were inconclusive, with evidence reported for either an atmosphere or a featureless spectrum based on analyses of the same data set. Our JWST data exhibit substantial differences between the two visits. One transit is consistent with either an H2O-dominated atmosphere containing ∼1% CH4 and trace N2O (

χ

ν

2

=
1.13

) or stellar contamination from unocculted starspots (

χ

ν

2

=
1.36

). However, the second transit is consistent with a featureless spectrum. Neither visit is consistent with a previous report of HCN. Atmospheric variability is unlikely to explain the scale of the observed differences between the visits. Similarly, our out-of-transit stellar spectra show no evidence of changing stellar inhomogeneity between the two visits—observed 8 days apart, only 6.5% of the stellar rotation rate. We further find no evidence of differing instrumental systematic effects between visits. The most plausible explanation is an unlucky random noise draw leading to two significantly discrepant transmission spectra. Our results highlight the importance of multivisit repeatability with JWST prior to claiming atmospheric detections for these small, enigmatic planets.
Nomenclatural comments on the alliance Pino sibiricae-Laricion sibiricae
Authors: Anenkhonov Oleg A.
Published: December 2023

The name Pino sibiricae-Laricion sibiricae was introduced in 1988 by Dostálek et al. and then again in 2004 by Ermakov. Further, the latter name, despite of homonymy, has been accepted in several Russian literature sources on the basis of a misapplication of ICPN Art. 37. The validity and legitimacy of the name introduced by Dostálek et al. are discussed and clarified, whereas Ermakov’s illegitimate homonym must be rejected according to Art. 31.

Taxonomic reference: Catalogue of Life Checklist, Version COL23.5 (https://doi.org/10.48580/dfs6) [accessed 16 November 2023].

Abbreviations: ICPN = International Code of Phytosociological Nomenclature (Theurillat et al. 2021).