bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unlocking Access to Healthcare: Evaluating the Efficacy of AI-Driven Diagnosis in a Mobile Application
Authors: Zheng Mylyn , Grant Adam
Published: June 2024

In today's fast-paced world, accessing quality healthcare can often feel like an uphill battle. Whether hindered by geographical barriers, long waiting times, or financial constraints, many individuals struggle to receive timely diagnoses for their health concerns. Recognizing this pressing need, we've developed an innovative solution in the form of our cutting-edge app[7].Harnessing the power of artificial intelligence, our app offers users a seamless pathway to diagnosis based on their reported symptoms. Our journey began with meticulous research to identify the most reliable AI technology, leading us to integrate ChatGPT, a state-of-the-art Large Language Model renowned for its ability to mimic professional medical responses accurately [8]. To ensure seamless functionality, we complemented this AI prowess with a robust Firebase database, facilitating efficient data storage and retrieval [9].Following rigorous development and testing phases, we're thrilled to announce that our app delivers unparalleled accuracy in diagnosis. Our trials revealed an impressive average accuracy rating of 1.8 out of 2 for common illnesses, underscoring the reliability and efficacy of our diagnostic algorithms. While initial evaluations highlighted room for improvement in symptom diversity across a spectrum of 21 illnesses, our focus on refining the app's capabilities for prevalent conditions has yielded remarkable results.Ultimately, our app stands as a beacon of accessibility in the realm of basic healthcare. By bridging the gap between individuals and vital medical expertise, we're empowering users to take proactive control of their well-being, irrespective of their circumstances. With our unwavering commitment to innovation and excellence, we're proud to revolutionize healthcare delivery and make a meaningful difference in people's lives.
LEARNING FOR CHILDREN WITH DOWN SYNDROME
Authors: Olivia Francisca , Ferreira Sampaio Salma , Florêncio Rutemara
Published: June 2024

This article addresses the learning of children with Down Syndrome (DS). The objective was to understand how the teaching and learning process of children with DS occurs and how their limitations can be overcome and/or alleviated. Bibliographical research, with a qualitative, exploratory approach, allowed us to understand the main characteristics presented by children with DS, as well as those that imply learning disorders and, also, about how these subjects learn and which techniques and methods help in their schooling process. During this study, it was possible to observe the importance of mediation in the educational process of children with DS, as well as the means used to stimulate the understanding of educational content and guarantee the same learning opportunities.
HELP PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY TO BUILD MEANINGFUL PERSONALIZED HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE
Authors: Barreto Amilcar , Pe-curto Antonio , Tachibana Gillian , Lavorgna Luigi , Gouveia Pedro , Maida Elisabetta , Sousa Conceição , Melo Lopes Pedro , Joel Pedro , Bela Cardoso Patricia , Ribeiro Eduardo , Guerra Norberto , Lopes Camilo Joana , Moital Ines , Pedrosa Hugo , Pinato David , Sousa Rita
Published: June 2024

Unlike the consumer industry, biopharma, medical technology, and wellness companies have struggled to build meaningful, personalized patient and healthcare professional (HCP) experiences. The increase in drug launches and growing competition across therapy areas has made it challenging for brands and organizations to stand out from the crowd, whether for new molecules vs. legacy brands in an established treatment area and their generic counter-parts or for new molecules in a rare disease where trust is not yet earned. The customers’ needs and preferences are changing at lightning speed. The hierarchy of engagement has transformed, disrupting the dynamic between patients and healthcare professionals. Studies (1, 2) show that drug marketers too often turn various aspects of their product profile into signals – and may inadvertently “reinforce the habitual behavior the marketer is trying to change”. We encourage pharmaceutical companies to use a “data-driven approach to uncover new opportunities for growth” and improvement, and we’re committed to delivering results that make a difference for the patient, HCPs and for the system (value-based healthcare approach). Applying the Brand Leadership Circle, a new strategic tool, will help understand the patients’ journey and other stakeholders’ needs to implement successful approaches in marketing, communications and services using systematic research methods and techniques.
Diagnóstico y manejo de la anemia en el embarazo: estudio comparativo en mujeres de zonas urbanas y rurales
Authors: Barja-Ore John , Guillén-Calle Brandon E. , Rodriguez-Clemente Nicole
Published: June 2024

Objective: To compare the diagnosis and management of anemia during pregnancy in urban and rural women. Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study, based on an analysis of a national health survey from 2022. Records of 18889 women with a pregnancy in the last 5 years were included. Frequencies and weighted percentages were estimated; in addition, the chi-square test was applied at a significance level of 0.05. Results: 94% of women were screened for anemia; this procedure was more frequent in urban areas (94.9%) compared to rural areas (91.1%). Most women were not diagnosed with anemia, but there was no difference between rural (29.8%) and urban (28.3%) areas. Regarding indication and adherence to treatment for anemia, this was significantly higher in urban couples, at 96.7% and 65.5%, respectively. Conclusion: In urban areas, the percentage of women of anemia ruling out, as well as treatment indication and compliance was higher. The diagnosis of anemia showed no differences between the two areas.
Predicción de la valoración del recién nacido según el estado nutricional materno: modelo basado en árboles de decisión
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú, Ramos-Purihuaman Katherine C. , Santos-Rosales Yuly R.
Published: June 2024

Objective: To determine whether it is possible to predict the assessment of the newborn according to maternal nutritional status through a decision tree model. Methods: Cross-sectional analytical study. A total of 326 medical records of pregnant women from a Peruvian public hospital were reviewed, in 2021. The newborn was assessed using the APGAR score, gestational age at birth, birth weight, weight and height for gestational age. Maternal nutritional status included pregestational body mass index and gestational weight gain. The prediction was made using a supervised machine learning model called a “decision tree.” Results: The APGAR score at one minute and height for gestational age were not possible to predict by maternal nutritional status. The probability of having full-term gestational age at birth is 97.2% when gestational weight gain is > 5.4 kg (p = 0.007). The highest probabilities of adequate birth weight were with gestational weight gain between 4.5 kg (p < 0.001) and 17 kg (p < 0.001) and with pregestational body mass index ≤ 36.523 kg/m2 (p = 0.004). Finally, the highest probability of adequate weight for gestational age is when gestational weight gain is < 11.8 Kg (p < 0.001) and with a pregestational body mass index ≤ 36.523 Kg/m2 (p = 0.005). Conclusions: It is possible to predict the assessment of the newborn based on the mother’s nutritional status using machine learning
Autopercepción corporal y su impacto en la función sexual orgásmica en estudiantes mujeres de educación superior
Authors: Araneda F Madelin , Rivera R Karina , Rivera S Fernanda , San Juan R Danissa , Cerda A Barbara
Published: June 2024

Objective: Analyze the perception of body image and its impact on orgasmic sexual function in female higher education students in Chillán, 2021. Methods: Quantitative, analytical, cross-sectional study. Four variables were evaluated: demographic data, body image, orgasm and sexual function. A Google Form was used for female students between 18 and 44 years of age, from higher education in the city of Chillán. Subsequently, the data obtained were compiled and tabulated in the statistical program SPSS 23. Results: The most frequently altered dimensions of the female sexual function index were: satisfaction (80.6%), arousal (73.8%), and orgasm (51.5%). 99.0% of the respondents had sexual dysfunction. Regarding the relationship between the arousal dimension and the poor body image produced by one’s own body (p = 0.019; r = -0.223), there was a statistically significant correlation, but not between the total scores of both instruments (p = 0.34; r = 0.09). Finally, the correlations between the dimension of pain at the time of sexual intercourse and self-depreciation due to physical appearance were positively correlated (p = 0.049; r = 0.196). Conclusion: The orgasm was observed to be altered by the perception of how the respondents felt about their own body, which would create a negative body image leading to body dissatisfaction.
Estrés laboral y desempeño profesional en Personal de Salud del área de Ginecología y Obstetricia de un Hospital Peruano en el año 2023
Authors:   Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomédicas Universidad Ricardo Palma. Lima, Perú, Quintana-García Lynn A. , Díaz León Camila G. , Chienda Tantaleán Piero M. , Vela-Ruiz José M. , Lama Morales Ricardo Aldo , Alatrista  Gutiérrez, Vda. de Bambarén María Del Socorro
Published: June 2024

Objective: To describe the relationship between work stress and professional performance in the Gynecology and Obstetrics service at the Sergio Bernales Hospital during the year 2023. Methods: Quantitative, observational, prospective and cross-sectional study. The study participants were health personnel working in the Gynecology and Obstetrics service of the Sergio E. Bernales National Hospital. Results: Health personnel have a medium level of work-related stress (45.4%), followed by 29.3% with a high level and 25.3% with a low level of work-related stress. Resident physicians (18; 100%) and obstetricians (26; 46.2%) predominantly showed a medium level of work-related stress. Medium and high levels of stress were associated with a good level of performance (26 people; 45.6%) and 15 interviewees (26.3%), respectively, and very good performance: 18 people (56.3%) and 13 (40.6%). Conclusions: It should be noted that 57,6% of the personnel have a good professional performance, with obstetricians being the majority in this group. It was observed that medium and high levels of work stress predominated among health personnel; however, a medium level of professional performance was found. The findings reveal that the majority of respondents managed to maintain good professional performance despite experiencing medium or high levels of job stress, suggesting the complexity of the relationship between stress and job performance in this health care setting.
Estudio comparativo de guías de atención prenatal en Latinoamérica
Authors:   Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Biomédicas (INICIB). Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad Ricardo Palma, Lima, Perú., Ortiz Ramos Valeria Antuanne , Itusaca Dueñas Nora Nicole , Ulloa Ordoñez Lucia Victoria , Vela Ruiz José Manuel , Desposorio-Robles Joyce , Alatrista Gutierrez  Vda. Bambaren María del Socorro
Published: June 2024

Objective: To perform a comparative synthesis of prenatal care guidelines in Spanish-speaking countries of Latin America. Methods: The most up-to-date prenatal care guidelines from each Latin American country were selected, and their criteria were presented in a comparative table. Results: It was evident that the majority of prenatal care guidelines share criteria guided by recommendations from the World Health Organization (WHO). However, there are differences that depend on the epidemiological risk or exposure present in each country. Conclusion: Through this research, it has been reaffirmed that prenatal care plays a crucial role in promoting maternalfetal health by allowing the early detection and management of risk factors, as well as providing adequate care and monitoring during pregnancy.
Barreras de acceso a la atención de la salud según la nacionalidad peruana – venezolana, en puérperas de un Hospital Público del Perú
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú., Blanquillo-Reyes Allison Katherine , Santos-Rosales Yuly R.
Published: June 2024

Objective: Analyze the barriers to access to health care according to Peruvian - Venezuelan nationality in postpartum women in a Public Hospital of Peru 2022 – 2023. Methods: Observational, analytical, prospective and cross-sectional study; included a sample of 284 postpartum women of Peruvian and Venezuelan nationality, from the San Juan de Lurigancho Hospital, selected by stratified sampling. The data collection technique was a survey and the instrument was a valid and reliable questionnaire. Pearson’s chi-square or Fisher’s exact test was used to determine the difference. The association was assessed using the Poisson regression test and the sense of regression using the crude and adjusted prevalence ratio. Results: 87,3 % of postpartum women were Peruvian and 12,7 % Venezuelan. The most frequent barriers to access to health care in Peruvians were availability: not having all the services necessary for care (p < 0,001) and acceptability: feeling that their beliefs or customs were affected (p < 0,001). Venezuelan postpartum women reported as barriers to acceptability: having received different treatment for being a migrant (p < 0,001) and having felt discrimination during care (p = 0,007). Conclusions: There is a significant difference in the barriers to access to health care in postpartum women, with availability and acceptability barriers occurring in Peruvian women and the latter in Venezuelan women.
Fotocoagulación láser guiada por ultrasonido para el tratamiento del secuestro broncopulmonar fetal. Reporte de dos casos exitosos en Venezuela.
Authors:   Grupo Medicina Fetal Venezuela., Pérez-Wulf Juan , Márquez C Daniel , Lugo L Carlos , Ayala H Víctor , Robles T Stefanía , Di Muro Jonel , Cohen H Ruben , Scialom C Victoria
Published: June 2024

Bronchopulmonary sequestration is a malformation of the respiratory system consisting of non-functioning bronchial and pulmonary tissue, separated from the tracheo-bronchial tree and fed by a blood vessel from the systemic circulation. The incidence is 1 in 5000 births, ranging from 0.15% to 6.45% of pulmonary pathologies. The prognosis is generally favorable, with spontaneous regression of the lesion reported in 50% to 75% of patients. It can cause mass effect, compressing the heart and lung to the point of generating hemodynamic changes and heart failure. There are multiple procedures for treatment and management, mainly in large cases and hydropic fetuses, to improve perinatal prognosis. We present the first two cases of bronchopulmonary sequestration treated in Venezuela by laser photocoagulation of the nutrient vessel and their perinatal evolution, with 100% survival and without any complications recorded in the perinatal period.
Larval Biometry as an Endpoint in Chronic Sea Urchin Assays Echinometra lucunter (Linnaeus, 1758)
Authors: Deucher Karoliny N. , Vieira Danielle Cristina , Resgalla Jr. Charrid
Published: June 2024

This study was carried out with the aim of contributing to the improvement of the evaluation of sea urchin embryo-larval tests, reducing its analysis subjectivity and also to solve the problems associated with the morphology of different Echinodermata larvae used in ecotoxicological tests.  In this regard, the larval size technique (biometrics) was applied as an endpoint in sub-lethal assays using the reference toxicants zinc sulfate and potassium dichromate as a standard for calibrating the EC50 estimate (Median Effective Concentration) and NOEC (No Observed Effect Concentration). The tests, using the sea urchin species Echinometra lucunter, were carried out between the years 2017 to 2019 and were analyzed by two methods, the traditional one (counting normal larvae and those with developmental delay) and biometrics based on the maximum length of the larvae obtained in the treatments. It was established that the minimum number of measurements of the different stages of development (egg, embryo and larva) was 35 (n) per replicate. For the tests carried out over 15 months, it was verified, based on the Wald Test, that there is a seasonality in the sizes of the larvae. The EC50 of the metals tested was similar between the traditional and biometric methods when adopting the size of 18-hour-old larvae as a reference for 100% effect, but there was disagreement between the methods when the size of the eggs is considered as the total effect. On the other hand, the estimates of the NOEC were more sensitive by the biometry method, in disagreement with the traditional method.
The Role of Manganese in Toxicity Assays Using Algae in Environmental Samples
Authors: Arenzon Alexandre , Raya-Rodriguez M. T.
Published: June 2024

Studies using ecotoxicological assays have been employed in the evaluation of the quality of ground water. In these studies, several authors suggested that bioassays using algae are more sensitive for this kind of environment. To have a better knowledge on the applicability of bioassays utilizing algae as test organism in the monitoring of ground water, we analyzed 75 samples from a total of 19 monitoring wells from an industrial area in the Metropolitan region of Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. The toxicity of these samples was evaluated using Selenastrum capricornutum (USEPA, 1994) as test organism. In addition, pH, electrical conductivity, chlorides, total hydrocarbons, phenols, ammoniacal nitrogen, total dissolved solid and metals (Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr, Mn, Zn, Hg, Ni) were also analyzed. Samples were collected twice a year between 2001 and 2003. Results demonstrated a high frequency of samples with inhibitory effect on S. capricornutum (72%), and statistical analyses showed a statistically significant correlation (α = 0.05) between manganese concentrations and the observed toxicity for S. capricornutum (r = 0.298). Considering: (1) the low availability of manganese to organisms as a result of its natural precipitation as manganese oxides; (2) the efficiency of manganese in sequestering metals from the aquatic environments by adsorption, ionic exchange, or co-precipitation; (3) the occurrence, for some micro algae species, of competitive interactions between nutrients and inhibitory metals; (4) the fact that manganese could sequester metals like Zn, Co, Ni e Cu (used as micro-nutrients) through the formation of stable co-precipitates of manganese oxides; and (5) the constant input of oxygen in the samples during the running time of the bioassays with algae, due to the orbital agitation of the experimental flasks, it is concluded that the interference of manganese on the bio-availability of the micronutrients added to the samples during the experiment may have occurred.
OSTEOLOGIA DESCRITIVA DO MEMBRO PÉLVICO DE EQUINOS
Authors: Mothé Gabriele Barros , Dutra Camila Anselmé , Junior Aguinaldo Francisco Mendes
Published: June 2024

The pelvic limb of equines performs vital functions such as weight support, locomotion, and impact absorption. Its main bones include the ilium, ischium, pubis, femur, patella, tibia, fibula, and the bones of the tarsus, metatarsus, and phalanges. The ilium, ischium, and pubis form the pelvis, which connects the limb to the trunk and supports the body’s weight. The femur, the largest bone of the limb, articulates with the pelvis and tibia, allowing for wide and powerful movements. The patella, located in front of the knee, facilitates limb extension. The tibia and fibula, situated in the leg, support and distribute weight, while the bones of the tarsus, metatarsus, and phalanges form the foot structure, essential for impact absorption and propulsion. Studying the osteology of the pelvic limb is fundamental for veterinarians and students, as it allows for a detailed understanding of the structure and function of the bones, facilitating the diagnosis and treatment of injuries, and improving animal management and welfare practices. However, detailed information on the osteology of the equine pelvic limb is scarce in scientific articles, being mostly dispersed in specialized books. This hinders quick and practical access to the necessary knowledge. Based on this, this article aims to fill this gap by offering a comprehensive and accessible description of the anatomy of the bones of the equine pelvic limb. By consolidating this information, it is hoped to contribute to the advancement of knowledge and the improvement of practices in the field.
OSTEOLOGIA DESCRITIVA DO MEMBRO TORÁCICO DE EQUINOS
Authors: Mothé Gabriele Barros , Dutra Camila Anselmé , Junior Aguinaldo Francisco Mendes
Published: June 2024

The thoracic limb of equines plays vital roles that are fundamental for the locomotion, support, and athletic performance of these animals. Composed of various bones, each bony structure has a specific and crucial role. The scapula, for instance, connects the limb to the trunk and serves as an insertion point for muscles that facilitate movement. The humerus, being the long bone of the arm, is essential for the strength and mobility of the limb. The radius and ulna form the forearm, allowing the flexion and extension movements necessary for walking, trotting, and galloping. The carpal bones, metacarpals, phalanges, and sesamoids make up the structure of the wrist and fingers, essential for stability and weight distribution during locomotion. Studying the osteology of the thoracic limb of equines is of utmost importance, as osteological problems such as fractures, osteoarthritis, or deformities can compromise locomotion, cause pain, and reduce the animal’s performance capacity. The health and integrity of the bones are fundamental for the well-being and productivity of equines, especially in sports and work activities. Although this anatomical information is widely found in books, there is a scarcity of scientific articles that address the osteology of equines in a detailed and descriptive manner. Therefore, this article aims to describe the osteology of the thoracic limb of equines, providing a more accessible and detailed reference for professionals in the field, contributing to a better understanding and management of these animals’ health.
OSTEOLOGIA DESCRITIVA DO CRÂNIO DE BOVINOS
Authors: Mothé Gabriele Barros , Dutra Camila Anselmé , Junior Aguinaldo Francisco Mendes
Published: June 2024

The bovine skull performs vital functions, protecting the brain and sensory organs, as well as providing structure and support for the head. Composed of various bones, such as the frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal, maxillary, and mandibular bones, each has a specific role. The frontal bone, for instance, forms the forehead and part of the orbital cavities, while the occipital bone protects the posterior part of the brain and articulates with the vertebral column. The mandible, essential for mastication, is one of the most robust bones, supporting the molar and premolar teeth, which are fundamental for grinding fibrous foods. The nasal and maxillary bones form the structure of the snout and house the incisor teeth, important for grasping food. Studying the osteology of the bovine skull is crucial for understanding the functional anatomy and health of the animals. Detailed knowledge of the bone structure aids veterinarians and animal scientists in identifying anomalies, fractures, and bone diseases, as well as being fundamental for surgical procedures and imaging diagnostics. These detailed anatomical informations are generally found in specialized books, not in scientific articles. Therefore, this article aims to describe the osteology of the bovine skull, providing an accessible and practical reference for students and professionals in the field. A deep understanding of bovine cranial anatomy is essential to ensure the well-being and productivity of the animals, directly reflecting the efficiency of agricultural practices.
Kano Sporcularının Müsabaka Günü Yaşadıkları Duyguların Çeşitli Değişkenlere Göre İncelenmesi
Authors: Demir Abdurrahman , Kabakçı Alper Cavit , Korkmaz Deniz
Published: June 2024

Sporda duygular, başarıyı belirleyen faktörlerden biridir. Farklı branşlarındaki sporcular üzerinde psikolojik faktörlerin detaylı bir şekilde incelenmesine rağmen durgunsu kano sporcuları üzerinde yapılan araştırmaların yetersiz olduğu görülmüştür. Bu nedenle bu araştırmanın amacı durgunsu kano sporcularının müsabaka günü yaşamış oldukları duyguların incelenmesidir. Araştırmaya 166 erkek (𝑥̅yaş 15.12±1.29), 102 kadın (𝑥̅yaş=15.33±1.44) sporcu olmak üzere toplam 268 durgunsu kano sporcusu katılmıştır. Araştırmada veriler, Demografik Bilgi Formu ve Spor Duygu Ölçeği üzerinden toplanmıştır. Verilerin istatistiksel analizinde, katılımcıların cinsiyet değişkenine göre Spor Duygu Ölçeği alt boyutlarının değerlendirilmesi için Bağımsız Örneklem T-Testi, milli olma değişkenine göre ise Mann-Whitney U Testi kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca, spor yaşları ile Spor Duygu Ölçeği alt boyutları arasındaki ilişkiyi test etmek amacıyla Pearson Korelasyon Testi uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular, kano sporcularının spor duygu ölçeği kaygı ve coşku alt boyutlarında erkek sporcular lehine anlamlı fark olduğu, sporcuların spor yaşları ile spor duygu ölçeği keyifsizlik alt boyutu arasında hafif düzeyde pozitif yönlü bir ilişkinin olduğu, milli sporcu olma değişkenine göre spor duygu ölçeği mutluluk ve coşku alt boyutları arasında anlamlı farklılık olduğunu göstermiştir. Sonuç olarak müsabaka günü kadın durgunsu kano sporcularının daha fazla kaygı ve coşku duygularını yaşadıkları, deneyim arttıkça kano sporcularının keyifsizlik gibi negatif duyguları daha çok yaşadıkları, milli sporcuların ise mutluluk ve coşku duygularını daha çok yaşadıkları söylenebilir.
Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, crystal structure and computational studies of two new N-aroyl-N′-(2,4,6-tribromophenyl)thioureas
Authors: Arslan Nadide Burcu , Aydin Fatma
Published: June 2024

Two new compounds, N-benzoyl-N'-tribromophenylthiourea (I) and 4-nitrobenzoyl-N'-tribromophenylthiourea (II), were synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, and X-ray single crystal diffraction techniques. The molecular geometry of compounds I and II in the ground state has been calculated by using the density functional theory (DFT) method with the B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) basis set and compared with the experimental data. The calculated results show that the optimized geometry can reproduce well the crystal structural parameters. A detailed vibrational spectral analysis has been carried out, and assignments of the observed fundamental bands have been proposed on the basis of peak positions. The scaled theoretical frequencies show very good agreement with the experimental values. Frontier molecular orbitals energies (HOMO and LUMO), energy gap, and global chemical reactivity parameters such as ionization potential, electron affinity, chemical hardness, and chemical softness have been calculated, and the sites of electrophilic and nucleophilic regions where the molecular interactions likely to happen are identified. The molecular electrostatic potential and thermodynamic properties of the title compounds were investigated by theoretical calculations.
Excited states of diphenylacetylene (tolan): Near and vacuum UV polarization spectroscopy
Authors: Nguyen Duy Duc , Jones Nykola C. , Hoffmann Søren Vrønning , Spanget-Larsen Jens
Published: June 2024

The UV absorbance spectrum of the important chromophore diphenylacetylene (tolan) is investigated by Synchrotron Radiation Linear Dichroism (SRLD) spectroscopy using stretched polyethylene as an anisotropic solvent. The investigation covers the range of 58,000-28,000 cm–1 (172-360 nm). The observed linear dichroism provides information on the transition moment directions of the four main absorbance bands A, B, C, and D at 33,300, 44,400, 51,000, and 57,000 cm-1 (300, 225, 196, and 175 nm). The experimental wavenumbers, intensities, and polarization directions are compared with the results of quantum chemical calculations using the semiempirical all-valence-electrons method Linear Combination of Orthogonalized Atomic Orbitals (LCOAO) and Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT) with the functional CAM-B3LYP. Magnetic Circular Dichroism (MCD) B-terms predicted with LCOAO suggest that a number of optically weak transitions may be observed by MCD spectroscopy.
Evlenecek Adayların Birbirine Bakmalarının Şer'î Sınırları
Authors: Bekdemir Sezai
Published: June 2024

Eşler arasında huzur ve mutluluğun temin edilmesi, evliliğin şer’î gayelerinden biridir. Bu gayenin gerçekleşmesi, eş adaylarının (hâtıb ve mahtûbenin) birbirlerini beğenmelerine; aralarında ülfet ve uyumun sağlanmasına bağlıdır. Maslahata binâen Şâri’, nikâh akdinden önce eş adaylarının birbirlerini görmelerini tavsiye etmiştir. Normal şartlarda birbirlerine yabancı olan karşı cinslerin birbirlerine bakmaları şer’an yasaklanmıştır. Ancak bazı özel durumlarda belirli sınırlar çerçevesinde “bakma” eylemi caiz görülmüştür. Evliliğe niyet etmek de bu özel durumlardan biri olarak kabul edilmiştir. Fıkhî açıdan aralarında nikâh akdi bulunmayan namahrem erkek ve kadının birbirlerine bakmaları, zaruret ve zaruret mesabesindeki bir ihtiyaca dayanılarak caiz görülmüştür. Evlenmeyi düşünen birinin eş adayına bakması da bu minvalde değerlendirilmiştir. Hâtıb ve mahtûbe arasındaki bakmayı ruhsat olarak değerlendiren fukaha bu bakmanın caiz olması için birtakım şartlar ileri sürmüştür. Bunlardan; evlilik niyeti taşıma, fitneden hali olma ve halvetten sakınma şartları üzerinde ittifak edilirken mahtûbeden izin alma ve şehvetten kaçınma gibi şartlarda ihtilaf edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda tarafların birbirlerine bakmalarının şer’î sınırları mezheplerin yaklaşımları doğrultusunda tespit edilmeye çalışılacaktır. Mevcut çalışmamız ile evlenme aşamasındaki bireylere, meşru dairede görüşme ve birbirlerine bakmanın ölçülerinin verilmesi amaçlanmaktadır.
Arap Dili ve Belagatında Lafız ve Mana İlişkisine Dair Bir İnceleme
Authors: Cesur Süleyman
Published: June 2024

İnsanı diğer varlıklardan ayıran ve üstün kılan en önemli özellik onun konuşma yeteneğinin olmasıdır. Bu sayede diğer insanlarla iletişim kurarak duygu ve düşüncelerini aktarır. Bunun için de dil olgusunu araç olarak kullanmış ve onu geliştirmiştir. İnsan, çevresindeki varlık ve olayların zihne yansıyan anlamlarını dile getirmek için lafızlar üretmiştir. Tarih boyunca varlıkları anlama ve isimlendirmek için dilciler ve bu konuyla ilgili diğer bilim insanları çalışma ve incelemeler yapmışlardır. İsimlendirilen varlıkların göstergelerine lafız/kelime ve bunların zihindeki tasavvurlarına mana/kavram ismini vermişlerdir. Bu konuyla ilgilenen bilim insanları lafzın delalet ettiği varlığın; gerçek varlığı, zihindeki varlığı, lafızdaki varlığı ve yazıdaki varlığı olarak dört kısımdan ibaret olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Zihindeki varlık manayı, ses düzlemindeki varlık lafzı ifade etmektedir. Belagat ilminin ilgilendiği konu lafız, mana ve bunlar arasındaki ilişkidir. Sözün yerinde, zamanında ve etkili söylenmesini esas alan belagat ilminde düşüncelerin anlaşılır ve etkili biçimde ifade edilebilmesi için ortaya konulan kural ve kavramlar lafız ve mana üzerine odaklanarak bu ilmin konularının temelini oluşturmuştur. Dil kurallarının gelişmesinde dinî ve edebî metinlerin doğru okunup anlaşılma çabası da önemli bir neden olmuştur. Aristo, kelimeleri inceleyerek yapılarına göre sınıflandırmıştır. Hicri II. yüzyıldan itibaren İslam dünyasında Kur’ân ve hadislerin dilsel işlevselliği, iç dinamiklerin etkisi ve Abbâsîler döneminde felsefe, mantık kitaplarının tercümeleriyle birlikte dil ile ilgili kavramlar ve kurallar geliştirilmiştir. Makalede klasik ve çağdaş dönemdeki belagat ve dilcilerin lafız ve mana konusuna yaklaşımları ele alınarak incelenmeye çalışılacaktır.
Training and Mentoring for Students of the TPQ Al-Qur'an Education Park, Bulu Village, Batang Regency in the Haflah Akhirussanah Performance
Authors: Arditya Prayogi  , Singgih Setiawan  , Ahmad Tabi'in  , Moh. Muslih
Published: June 2024

Currently, the existence of the Al-Qur'an Education Park is important, because apart from being a place for religious learning, it can also accommodate other activities, especially in this case Islamic art. One of the moments of an Islamic performance is usually shown in the haflah Akhirussanah activity. Thus, this service activity is carried out in the form of accompanying and training TPA students to encourage children/students to appear confident and motivate children to achieve better achievements. This service activity uses the service learning method by providing direct guidance to the objects of service (TPA students). From the results of the activities, we got an idea that the haflah Akhirussanah event went according to the activities that had been planned. The students looked enthusiastic and enthusiastic in participating in a series of activities starting from preparatory exercises to holding the event. The students seemed to show seriousness and activeness in preparing various activities to be presented on stage. It is hoped that in the future all parties can provide a platform for these students to show their activeness.
Accompaniment Application of the Talaqqi Method for Increase Ability Reading the Qur’an, Ladies of the Assembly Ta'lim Pandai Sikek
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Fatimah Harfitriani  , Annisa Aulia  , Annisa Harianja  , Auliana Muslimah  , Humaidah Farisa Aina Nuha Lubis  , Khosyanti Salsabila Hasibuan  , Khosyanti Salsabila Hasibuan
Published: June 2024

The "Majelis Ta'lim Pandai Sikek" is a group of community mothers who are active in Quran reading activities in mosques. Many issues arise in Quran reading, such as a lack of understanding of Quranic reading, where individuals merely read without grasping the Makharij al Huruf (articulation points of letters) or understanding the meanings of Quranic verses. To address this, specific methods are needed to enhance the Quran reading abilities of the mothers in the Majelis Ta'lim Pandai Sikek community. The Talaqqi method has been proven effective in improving Quranic recitation skills. The goal of this activity is to provide guidance to the Pandai Sikek community in improving their Quranic recitation using the Talaqqi method. This activity is conducted by lecturers from the University of Muhammadiyah West Sumatra and students from the Community Service Program (KKNT) of the As-Sunnah Islamic High School in Deli Serdang. The results indicate an improvement in the Quranic recitation abilities of the Pandai Sikek community. Initially, twenty mothers faced issues with Quranic recitation related to articulation points, but by the end of the program, seventeen mothers could recite fluently according to the correct articulation points. Four mothers who initially struggled with Quranic recitation could read fluently by the end of the program. Challenges encountered during the implementation of the activity include some mothers leaving the sessions midway to attend to household activities.
Improving Literacy of Fiqh Muamalah and Islamic Economics Through Community-Based Research Method
Authors: Alim Muhammad Nurul , Dian Amand Nasution  , Fauzan Agung Pratama  , Ikhlasul Amal Wishri  , Muhammad Nugraha  , Maulana Ahmad Abadi  , Tri Hidayatullah  , Taufik Hidayat  , Wizhar Al Giffari
Published: June 2024

This KKNT was held in the month of Ramadhan 1445 H on 16-30 May 2024 in collaboration with the management of Al Istiqamah Mosque (BKM) in the BDSN complex Tangga Batu 1 Village, Kec. Permaksian, Kab. Toba, North Sumatra. Based on prior observation, research, and interviews, several problems were identified namely the lack of literacy in fiqh muamalat knowledge and the lack of teachers who teach children the subject of Arabic language, tahsin and tahfidh and the Koran. These problems need to be resolved by conducting programs. The method used was community-based research (CBR). The result of this community service shows that the number of communities who attended the sermons was still below expectations while the participation and enthusiasm of children in the subjects of Arabic language, tahsin and tahfidh, and the Koran was very high. This community service is expected to enhance the community literacy of fiqh muamalah and Islamic Economics. It is suggested that community awareness in learning religious knowledge must be improved to increase their participation.
The Effect Of Providing Rolling Massage To Public Mothers On Breast Milk Explosion At PMB Ruri Cisauk In 2023
Authors: Sri Rahayu Yuliana , Rismayanti Tetin
Published: June 2024

Background The prevalence of successful breastfeeding coverage for postpartum mothers is still very low, namely 51% of 78 mothers during 2023 and in 2022 as many as 48% of 109 mothers, from the results of interviews many mothers complained that breast milk was not coming out, babies did not want to breastfeed and other. Based on researchers' observations, many postpartum mothers give formula milk on the grounds that breast milk does not come out or there is little breast milk. The purpose of the study was to study the effect of rolling back massage on breast milk expenditure in puerperal mothers at PMB Cisauk in 2023. This research method is a Quasy Experiment, one group pre-post design, the population in this study is all postpartum mothers who were at PMB Cisauk on 29 October-25 November 2023, totaling 20 people using total samplingwith a sample size of 20 respondents, using data namely primary data with observation, analysis using the T-Dependent Test. Research results: From the statistical test results of the dependent t test, it is known that there is an effect of rolling back massage on breast milk production in postpartum mothers in PMB Cisauk in 2023 with a value of P=0.000. Conclusions and Suggestions: it is hoped that health workers can provide additional information and socialize or provide counseling when carrying out postpartum visits to families and husbands about the benefits of rolling massage to the community, especially breastfeeding mothers, to increase their breast milk output so that later mothers can breastfeed exclusively.
UNDERSTANDING IDENTITY THEFT AND FRAUD
Authors: Merdović Boro , Jovanović Biljana
Published: June 2024

Identity theft and identity fraud represent the fastest-growing forms of computer crime, having significant consequences for individuals, corporations, and financial institutions. The advancement of science and technology has endangered personal security and created opportunities for criminals to easily and deceitfully obtain financial benefits or jeopardize the security of corporations and major financial institutions. As a relatively new form of computer crime, identity theft has necessitated the alignment of criminal legislation with the emerging situation. The goal of this paper is to clarify the terminological ambiguities present in this field and highlight the current relevance of the issues related to identity theft and fraud associated with identity theft. By reviewing relevant scientific literature and applying quantitative and qualitative content analysis, comparative analysis, and comparative and historical methods, we will emphasize the importance of clear and precise definitions of identity theft and its legal incrimination. We will point out the different forms of identity theft, the most common ways it occurs, the consequences it causes, and the possibilities for prevention. Research results have shown that identity theft is expanding and that there is a need for harmonizing joint measures at an international level. Also, based on the obtained results, we can conclude that it is necessary to undertake educational measures for vulnerable categories of the population to minimize the consequences of this form of crime. Practical implications of this research indicate the need for developing a greater number of studies in this field, with particular focus on specific forms of identity theft and identity fraud.
THE QUESTION OF LEGAL SUBJECTIVITY OF A COOPERATIVE FOUNDER
Authors: Končar Sonja , Prokopović Igor
Published: June 2024

The current aspiration towards development and improvement of the cooperative sector in Serbia, observed in the context of modern business conditions and imperative market demands regarding the establishment of sustainable development of business entities, provides at the same time an opportunity to evaluate the legislative solutions within this area. The paper shall first, through observing the elements of the cooperative identity, determine the general features of a cooperative and its importance in the modern economic environment, and then, by analyzing the legal regulations of Serbia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Montenegro, using a comparative method, it shall critically enlighten our legal regulation as it pertains to the regulation of the establishment of cooperatives with an emphasis on the question of legal subjectivity of a cooperative founder. It is the aim of the research in this paper to: 1) examine whether the answer to the question of legal subjectivity of the cooperative founder as envisioned by our legislation, observed in the context of modern market conditions, contributes to the sustainable development of the cooperative and to the improvement of its economic potential, and 2) to propose de lege ferenda solutions that would create a more stimulating legislative framework within the area regulating the question of legal subjectivity of a cooperative founder.
SECURITY DIMENSION OF OPEN BALKANS: CONTEMPORARY SECURITY CHALLENGES AS A CHANCE FOR REGIONAL SECURITY PLATFORM
Authors: Gjurovski Marjan , Arnaudov Mitko
Published: June 2024

The Open Balkans initiative primarily is focused on the cooperation within the economic framework between participating actors. But, bearing in mind reached declarations between Albania, North Macedonia and Serbia related to the cooperation in the fields of security, there are no doubts that this initiative also could provide a contribution in the regional security infrastructure, at this moment between participating states, but later also within the whole Western Balkans region. Leading research question of this paper is whether Open Balkans, as an initiative with pre-dominant economic sign, could also contribute in the process of creation regional security sustainability from the contemporary security threats angle. From the theoretical point of view, contribution of this paper is foreseen in the context of analysis how much regional cooperation in the field of security could contribute in wider security infrastructure. Primarily the research would be focused on the so-called soft-threats, which do not include "traditional" security threats such as territorial integrity, possibilities of foreign aggression, as well as traditional ways of war.
PHENOMENOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF VIDEO GAME
Authors: Filipović Aleksandar
Published: June 2024

In the era of digitalization, globalization, and the fourth industrial revolution, human knowledge is rapidly increasing every day, and the amount of information and data being generated is growing at unimaginable scales, transcending all barriers and becoming crucial in almost all spheres of life. Digital technologies and computers are increasingly permeating culture and everyday life, transforming traditional cultural forms and practices and creating space for profound anthropological changes. This process reaches its peak in the phenomenon of video games, which, although initially conceived as a means of entertainment, have evolved into a dominant form of virtual culture. Video games have quickly surpassed their original purpose, becoming a ubiquitous phenomenon that contributes to the creation of new sociocultural practices and the expansion of anthropological identity. With their unique virtual-interactive tools, video games open up space for a new understanding of creativity, life, freedom, art, and aesthetic values, while carrying significant political and ethical implications. Like any new phenomenon, video games are a field with insufficiently developed and systematized scientific theory, interpretation, and understanding of basic concepts. Science needs to focus on the ontology and epistemology of video games to better understand their essence and place in the contemporary world, providing answers that only the philosophy of video games, with its metaphysics as a way of understanding and describing the era of video games, can offer. This work is an attempt to identify and understand certain phenomenological and noumenal aspects of video games, thus making an additional step towards the systematic philosophical study and deconstruction of video games, one of the most important phenomena of the modern world.
Democracy Promotion and Public Diplomacy: US Efforts to Communicate with the Peoples of the Middle East in the Early Years of the 21st Century
Authors: Yukaruç Umut
Published: June 2024

The attacks of 11 September 2001 led to a significant shift in the importance placed by the United States on the region of the Middle East in its overall foreign policy. The United States intervened in Afghanistan and Iraq in the wake of the attacks, and the resulting policies negatively impacted its image more than ever before. While combating terrorism, the United States also sought to engage with the people of the Middle East in order to promote democracy within the region. In addition, public diplomacy has emerged as an effective method for democracy promotion, with the objective of reaching the people of the region through the use of new communication channels. Some theories view this approach as a logical choice. However, in the first years of the 21st century, the image of the United States continued to be negative among the peoples of the region. The article discusses the role of public diplomacy as an important tool for democracy promotion and attempts to explain why the American image in the Middle East has not improved through this approach alone. To this end, it first defines the concept of democracy promotion and then analyses the potential role of public diplomacy in this context. Finally, it analyses the US public diplomacy efforts until 2005 and discusses the effectiveness of these strategies.
Roles and influence of tutoring in critical stages of Peruvian higher education
Authors: Salvador Rosado Carmela Elisa , Salvador Rosado Jesús Antonio , Vargas Vásquez Luis Manuel , La Torre Bocanegra Rosana , Puican Rodriguez Victor Hugo
Published: June 2024

This study investigated the influence of tutoring on the entry, retention, and graduation of students at a national university in Peru. Through a quantitative approach, it analyzes how tutoring affects these key stages, using data from 223 students. The results show a positive valuation of tutoring, significantly correlated with better retention and academic success rates. The research underlines the importance of personalized tutoring in improving student performance and well-being, highlighting its role in adaptation and motivation during university life. It also suggests the need for policies to ensure the quality and consistency of these interventions. This work not only adds to the existing literature by detailing the impact of tutoring in a Peruvian context, but also guides universities in formulating more effective programs to support students, potentially transforming the student support structure in educational institutions.