bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Azerbaycan Milli Halı Müzesi ile İstanbul Türk ve İslam Eserleri Müzesinde Bulunan Halıların Sergileme Tekniklerinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Çolpan Gizem , Genç Mustafa
Published: May 2024

Kültürel, sosyal ve ekonomik boyutu artarak önem taşıyan ve toplumsal kimliğimizin ayrılmaz bir parçası olan kültür varlıklarının korunması, birçok bilim dalını ilgilendiren kapsamlı bir konudur. Bu çeşitliliği anlamak, değerlendirmek ve kültürün sürekliliğini sağlamak amacıyla müzeler oluşturulmuştur. Müzelerin temel işlevlerinden ilki koleksiyonları koruyarak kuşaktan kuşağa aktarılmasını sağlayacak imkânlar oluşturmaktır. Yapılan araştırmalara göre, müzelerde tarih ve kültürün yaşaması; doğru depolama, sergileme tekniklerinin uygulanmasına ve doğru çevresel koşulların sunulmasına bağlıdır. Bu durum eserlerin ömürlerinin uzamasında etkin rol oynamaktadır. Bu çerçeveden bakıldığında her dönem beğenilen, tarihe tanıklık eden, büyük bilgi birikimine ve Türk insanının üstün estetik anlayışına sahip kıymetli bir eşya olan “halı”nın müzelerde sergilenmesi önem arz etmektedir. Kültürümüzü ve sanatımızı sergileyen müzelerde; sergilenme prensipleri bulunmaktadır. Bu kapsamda çalışmada Azerbaycan Milli Halı Müzesi ile İstanbul Türk ve İslam Eserleri Müzesi sergi alanlarındaki halı koleksiyonları incelenerek, sergileme teknikleri ile ilgili karşılaştırma yapılmıştır. İstanbul Türk ve İslam Eserleri Müzesi Mayıs 2022 yılında, Azerbaycan Milli Halı Müzesi Mayıs 2023 tarihlerinde ziyaret edilmiş birer hafta süreyle alan araştırması yapılmıştır. Alan araştırmalarına ek olarak literetür tarama, görüşme, gözlem ve belgeleme gibi nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden faydalanılmıştır. Araştırma süreçlerinde Azerbaycan Milli Halı Müzesi’nde
6.000 halı mevcuttur. 250 tanesi sergilenmekte olup diğerleri depoda tutulmaktadır. İstanbul Türk ve İslam Eserleri Müzesi’nde 2.065 adet kayıtlı halı olduğu bilgisine ulaşılmıştır. Teşhirde 57, depoda 1643, etütlük (sergiye hazır durumda olan) ise 165 adet halı bulunmaktadır. Bu kapsamda çalışmada Azerbaycan Milli Halı Müzesi ile Türk ve İslam Eserleri Müzesi sergi alanlarındaki halı koleksiyonları incelenerek, sergileme teknikleri ile ilgili karşılaştırma yapılmıştır. Her iki müzenin de sergileme prensiplerine uyduğu, sergileme tekniklerinin ise geliştirilebilir nitelikte olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Effluent quality and reuse potential of wastewater treated in constructed wetlands in Southern Brazil
Authors: Sousa Arielle da Rosa , Pelissari Catiane , Laureano Andreza Thiesen , Sezerino Pablo Heleno
Published: May 2024

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the quality and reuse potential of treated effluents by constructed wetlands (CW) systems utilized for decentralized wastewater treatment in urban and rural scenarios in southern Brazil. The assessment, based on Brazilian discharge standards and wastewater reuse guidelines, revealed a close link between treatment efficiency and technological configurations, considering diverse inlet wastewater sources. Most CW treated effluents complied with regulatory standards for disposal, prompting the exploration of reuse scenarios in urban and agricultural settings. However, the study underscores the imperative for rigorous disinfection due to the limited microbiological removal capacity of CW. Overall, the research emphasizes the adaptability and resilience of CW in treating diverse wastewater compositions, highlighting their pivotal role in advancing circular economy principles within sanitation services. Importantly, the findings suggest significant potential for treated wastewater reuse in both urban and agricultural settings. Urban applications, including toilet flushing, floor washing, and garden irrigation, prove feasible for CW systems situated in residential and commercial buildings. Meanwhile, rural CW systems demonstrate suitability for reclaimed water directed toward crop fertigation, tailored to the specific needs and irrigation methods of various crops.
Galectin-3 and Severity of Liver Fibrosis in Metabolic
Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Sotoudeheian Mohammadjavad
Published: May 2024

Metabolic dysfunction-associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) is a chronic liver disease
characterized by the accumulation of fat in the liver and hepatic steatosis, which can progress
to critical conditions, including Metabolic dysfunction-associated Steatohepatitis (MASH), liver fibrosis,
hepatic cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Galectin-3, a member of the galectin family
of proteins, has been involved in cascades that are responsible for the pathogenesis and progression
of liver fibrosis in MAFLD. This review summarizes the present understanding of the role of
galectin-3 in the severity of MAFLD and its associated liver fibrosis. The article assesses the underlying
role of galectin-3-mediated fibrogenesis, including the triggering of hepatic stellate cells,
the regulation of extracellular degradation, and the modulation of immune reactions and responses.
It also highlights the assessments of the potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications of
galectin-3 in liver fibrosis during MAFLD. Overall, this review provides insights into the multifaceted
interaction between galectin-3 and liver fibrosis in MAFLD, which could lead to the development
of novel strategies for diagnosis and treatment of this prevalent liver disease.
Regulation of Fat Content in Triticale Based on Optimization of Technological Processing Modes
Authors: Kassymbek Rabiga , Iztayev Auyelbek , Balevi Tahir , Chomanov Urishbay , Tultabayev Muhtar , Zhumaliyeva Gulzhan , Aktokalova Gulnara , Shoman Assiya
Published: May 2024

Introduction

The aim of the study was to regulate the fat content based on the optimization of technological processing modes. A promising method of preparing grain for animal feeding is its preliminary germination. Sprouted grain is a dietary food product, as it increases the content of proteins, essential amino acids, and macro- and microelements in comparison with non-sprouted grain.

Methods

The purpose of this study was to regulate the fat content based on the optimization of technological processing modes. Regression equations describing the dependences of the quality indicators of the triticale grain germination modes on the factors tw, τ, w and tg affecting them were investigated and obtained. During the study of triticale grains, it was found that the most significant parameter affecting the germination process is the fat content. The optimization of the germination modes of triticale Leather grain was carried out by the method of nonlinear programming.

Results

During the study, it was found that the maximum fat content during germination of triticale grain was observed with the following technological parameters of germination: grain temperature = 30°C; germination time = 24 h; grain moisture = 13%; and grain temperature = 26°C. When controlling the fat content in triticale based on the optimization of technological modes, the target function was 2.83%.

Conclusion

The presented results and conclusion will allow to regulate the fat content in triticale grain during germination.
Artificial Intelligence–Based Co-Facilitator (AICF) for Detecting and Monitoring Group Cohesion Outcomes in Web-Based Cancer Support Groups: Single-Arm Trial Study
Authors: Leung Yvonne W , Wouterloot Elise , Adikari Achini , Hong Jinny , Asokan Veenaajaa , Duan Lauren , Lam Claire , Kim Carlina , Chan Kai P , De Silva Daswin , Trachtenberg Lianne , Rennie Heather , Wong Jiahui , Esplen Mary Jane
Published: May 2024

Background

Commonly offered as supportive care, therapist-led online support groups (OSGs) are a cost-effective way to provide support to individuals affected by cancer. One important indicator of a successful OSG session is group cohesion; however, monitoring group cohesion can be challenging due to the lack of nonverbal cues and in-person interactions in text-based OSGs. The Artificial Intelligence–based Co-Facilitator (AICF) was designed to contextually identify therapeutic outcomes from conversations and produce real-time analytics.

Objective

The aim of this study was to develop a method to train and evaluate AICF’s capacity to monitor group cohesion.

Methods

AICF used a text classification approach to extract the mentions of group cohesion within conversations. A sample of data was annotated by human scorers, which was used as the training data to build the classification model. The annotations were further supported by finding contextually similar group cohesion expressions using word embedding models as well. AICF performance was also compared against the natural language processing software Linguistic Inquiry Word Count (LIWC).

Results

AICF was trained on 80,000 messages obtained from Cancer Chat Canada. We tested AICF on 34,048 messages. Human experts scored 6797 (20%) of the messages to evaluate the ability of AICF to classify group cohesion. Results showed that machine learning algorithms combined with human input could detect group cohesion, a clinically meaningful indicator of effective OSGs. After retraining with human input, AICF reached an F1-score of 0.82. AICF performed slightly better at identifying group cohesion compared to LIWC.

Conclusions

AICF has the potential to assist therapists by detecting discord in the group amenable to real-time intervention. Overall, AICF presents a unique opportunity to strengthen patient-centered care in web-based settings by attending to individual needs.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.2196/21453
Just-in-Time Adaptive Intervention for Stabilizing Sleep Hours of Japanese Workers: Microrandomized Trial
Authors: Takeuchi Hiroki , Ishizawa Tetsuro , Kishi Akifumi , Nakamura Toru , Yoshiuchi Kazuhiro , Yamamoto Yoshiharu
Published: May 2024

Background

Sleep disturbance is a major contributor to future health and occupational issues. Mobile health can provide interventions that address adverse health behaviors for individuals in a vulnerable health state in real-world settings (just-in-time adaptive intervention).

Objective

This study aims to identify a subpopulation with vulnerable sleep state in daily life (study 1) and, immediately afterward, to test whether providing mobile health intervention improved habitual sleep behaviors and psychological wellness in real-world settings by conducting a microrandomized trial (study 2).

Methods

Japanese workers (n=182) were instructed to collect data on their habitual sleep behaviors and momentary symptoms (including depressive mood, anxiety, and subjective sleep quality) using digital devices in a real-world setting. In study 1, we calculated intraindividual mean and variability of sleep hours, midpoint of sleep, and sleep efficiency to characterize their habitual sleep behaviors. In study 2, we designed and conducted a sleep just-in-time adaptive intervention, which delivered objective push-type sleep feedback messages to improve their sleep hours for a subset of participants in study 1 (n=81). The feedback messages were generated based on their sleep data measured on previous nights and were randomly sent to participants with a 50% chance for each day (microrandomization).

Results

In study 1, we applied hierarchical clustering to dichotomize the population into 2 clusters (group A and group B) and found that group B was characterized by unstable habitual sleep behaviors (large intraindividual variabilities). In addition, linear mixed-effect models showed that the interindividual variability of sleep hours was significantly associated with depressive mood (β=3.83; P=.004), anxiety (β=5.70; P=.03), and subjective sleep quality (β=−3.37; P=.03). In study 2, we found that providing sleep feedback prolonged subsequent sleep hours (increasing up to 40 min; P=.01), and this effect lasted for up to 7 days. Overall, the stability of sleep hours in study 2 was significantly improved among participants in group B compared with the participants in study 1 (P=.001).

Conclusions

This is the first study to demonstrate that providing sleep feedback can benefit the modification of habitual sleep behaviors in a microrandomized trial. The findings of this study encourage the use of digitalized health intervention that uses real-time health monitoring and personalized feedback.
Comparison of Synthetic Data Generation Techniques for Control Group Survival Data in Oncology Clinical Trials: Simulation Study
Authors: Akiya Ippei , Ishihara Takuma , Yamamoto Keiichi
Published: May 2024

Background

Synthetic patient data (SPD) generation for survival analysis in oncology trials holds significant potential for accelerating clinical development. Various machine learning methods, including classification and regression trees (CART), random forest (RF), Bayesian network (BN), and conditional tabular generative adversarial network (CTGAN), have been used for this purpose, but their performance in reflecting actual patient survival data remains under investigation.

Objective

The aim of this study was to determine the most suitable SPD generation method for oncology trials, specifically focusing on both progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), which are the primary evaluation end points in oncology trials. To achieve this goal, we conducted a comparative simulation of 4 generation methods, including CART, RF, BN, and the CTGAN, and the performance of each method was evaluated.

Methods

Using multiple clinical trial data sets, 1000 data sets were generated by using each method for each clinical trial data set and evaluated as follows: (1) median survival time (MST) of PFS and OS; (2) hazard ratio distance (HRD), which indicates the similarity between the actual survival function and a synthetic survival function; and (3) visual analysis of Kaplan-Meier (KM) plots. Each method’s ability to mimic the statistical properties of real patient data was evaluated from these multiple angles.

Results

In most simulation cases, CART demonstrated the high percentages of MSTs for synthetic data falling within the 95% CI range of the MST of the actual data. These percentages ranged from 88.8% to 98.0% for PFS and from 60.8% to 96.1% for OS. In the evaluation of HRD, CART revealed that HRD values were concentrated at approximately 0.9. Conversely, for the other methods, no consistent trend was observed for either PFS or OS. CART demonstrated better similarity than RF, in that CART caused overfitting and RF (a kind of ensemble learning approach) prevented it. In SPD generation, the statistical properties close to the actual data should be the focus, not a well-generalized prediction model. Both the BN and CTGAN methods cannot accurately reflect the statistical properties of the actual data because small data sets are not suitable.

Conclusions

As a method for generating SPD for survival data from small data sets, such as clinical trial data, CART demonstrated to be the most effective method compared to RF, BN, and CTGAN. Additionally, it is possible to improve CART-based generation methods by incorporating feature engineering and other methods in future work.
Effect of Flavored on! Nicotine Pouch Products on Smoking Behaviors: Protocol for a Sequential, Multiple Assignment, Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Cheng Hui G , Rose Jed E , Karelitz Joshua L , Botts David R , Botts Tanaia L , Willette Perry N , Cohen Gal
Published: May 2024

Background

Cigarette smoking is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. For adults who smoke cigarettes and cannot or will not quit smoking, smoke-free products, such as nicotine pouches, have been recognized as a potential alternative to smoking combusted cigarettes to reduce harm due to cigarette smoking. The role of flavors in these smoke-free products in tobacco harm reduction has not been fully understood.

Objective

This study evaluates the effect of flavors in on! nicotine pouch products (research products) in the reduction of cigarette smoking among adults who smoke cigarettes in their natural environment.

Methods

This study uses a sequential, multiple assignment, randomized trial design. Approximately 400 eligible adults who smoke cigarettes will be enrolled and randomized to have access to either the Original (unflavored) on! nicotine pouch product only or a complete flavor profile (ie, Berry, Cinnamon, Citrus, Coffee, Mint, Original, and Wintergreen) of on! nicotine pouch products. After 3 weeks, participants in the Original-only arm will be randomized again, with half remaining in the Original-only arm and half having access to the complete flavor profile for another 3 weeks. Primary outcomes are expired-air carbon monoxide (CO) levels. Secondary outcomes are self-reported cigarette consumption and CO-verified cigarette abstinence.

Results

Recruitment and data collection started in September 2023 and is projected to last until March 2025. We anticipate completing the data analysis in 2025. As of May 2024, we have enrolled 314 participants.

Conclusions

This study will provide empirical evidence about the effect that flavor availability in smoke-free products may have in reducing cigarette smoking.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06072547; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06072547

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

DERR1-10.2196/56565
Application of Patient-Reported Outcome Measurements in Adult Tumor Clinical Trials in China: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Jia Yan , Li Qi , Zhang Xiaowen , Yan Yi , Yan Shiyan , Li Shunping , Li Wei , Wu Xiaowen , Rong Hongguo , Liu Jianping
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

International health policies and researchers have emphasized the value of evaluating patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in clinical studies. However, the characteristics of PROs in adult tumor clinical trials in China remain insufficiently elucidated.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to assess the application and characteristics of PRO instruments as primary or secondary outcomes in adult randomized clinical trials related to tumors in China.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study identified tumor-focused randomized clinical trials conducted in China between January 1, 2010, and June 30, 2022. The ClinicalTrials.gov database and the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry were selected as the databases. Trials were classified into four groups based on the use of PRO instruments: (1) trials listing PRO instruments as primary outcomes, (2) trials listing PRO instruments as secondary outcomes, (3) trials listing PRO instruments as coprimary outcomes, and (4) trials without any mention of PRO instruments. Pertinent data, including study phase, settings, geographic regions, centers, participant demographics (age and sex), funding sources, intervention types, target diseases, and the names of PRO instruments, were extracted from these trials. The target diseases involved in the trials were grouped according to the American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging Manual, 8th Edition.

RESULTS

Among the 6445 trials examined, 2390 (37.08%) incorporated PRO instruments as part of their outcomes. Within this subset, 26.82% (641/2390) listed PRO instruments as primary outcomes, 52.72% (1260/2390) as secondary outcomes, and 20.46% (489/2390) as coprimary outcomes. Among the 2,155,306 participants included in these trials, PRO instruments were used to collect data from 613,648 (28.47%) patients as primary or secondary outcomes and from 74,287 (3.45%) patients as coprimary outcomes. The most common conditions explicitly using specified PRO instruments included thorax tumors (217/1280, 16.95%), breast tumors (176/1280, 13.75%), and lower gastrointestinal tract tumors (173/1280, 13.52%). Frequently used PRO instruments included the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Core Questionnaire–30, the visual analog scale, the numeric rating scale, the Traditional Chinese Medicine Symptom Scale, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.

CONCLUSIONS

Over recent years, the incorporation of PROs has demonstrated an upward trajectory in adult randomized clinical trials on tumors in China. Nonetheless, the infrequent measurement of the patient’s voice remains noteworthy. Disease-specific PRO instruments should be more effectively incorporated into various tumor disease categories in clinical trials, and there is room for improvement in the inclusion of PRO instruments as clinical trial end points.
Assessing the Evolution and Influence of Medical Open Databases on Biomedical Research and Healthcare Innovation: A 25-Year Perspective with a Focus on Privacy and Privacy-Enhancing Technologies (Preprint)
Authors: Yang Albert , Pan Mei-Lien , Lu Henry Horng-Shing , Lien Chung-Yueh , Wang Da-Wei , Chen Chih-Hsiung , Tarng Der-Cherng , Niu Dau-Ming , Chiou Shih-Hwa , Wu Chun-Ying , Sun Ying - Chou , Chen Shih-Ann , Wang Shuu-Jiun , Sheu Wayne Huey-Herng , Lin Chi-Hung
Published: May 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

The integration of medical open databases with artificial intelligence (AI) technologies marks a transformative era in biomedical research and healthcare innovation. Over the past 25 years, initiatives like PhysioNet have revolutionized data access, fostering unprecedented levels of collaboration and accelerating medical discoveries. This rise of medical open databases presents challenges, particularly in harmonizing research enablement with patient confidentiality. In response, privacy laws such as Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act have been established, and privacy-enhancing technologies (PETs) have been adopted to maintain this delicate balance. PETs, including differential privacy, secure multiparty computation, and notably, federated learning, have become instrumental in safeguarding personal health information. Federated learning, in particular, represents a significant advancement by enabling the development and training of AI models on decentralized data. In Taiwan, significant strides have been made in aligning with these global data-sharing and privacy standards. We have actively promoted the sharing of medical data through the development of dynamic consent systems. These systems enable individuals to control and adjust their data-sharing preferences, ensuring transparency and continuity of consent in the ever-evolving landscape of digital health. Despite the challenges associated with privacy protections, the benefits, including improved diagnostics and treatment, are substantial. The availability of open databases has notably accelerated AI research, leading to significant advancements in medical diagnostics and treatments. As the landscape of healthcare research continues to evolve with open science and federated learning, the role of medical open databases remains crucial in shaping the future of medicine, promising enhanced patient outcomes and fostering a global research community committed to ethical integrity and privacy.
Disease Awareness in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Analysis of Baseline Data From the SMART-Finder Observational Study (Preprint)
Authors: Mueller Christian , Neusser Thomas , Thate-Waschke Inga , Nowicki Julia , Plominski Tomasz , Griesinger Regine , Kessner Stefanie , Martin Stephan
Published: May 2024

BACKGROUND

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common comorbidity of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Data on the determination of CKD-related biomarkers in a real-life setting in patients with T2DM in Germany are limited.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to determine the prevalence of CKD and risk factors, availability of urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) values, treatment satisfaction, and quality of life in patients with T2DM in Germany.

METHODS

SMART-Finder is a retrospective and prospective, observational, digital, patient-centered cohort study performed as part of the routine use of an adherence-supporting app. This baseline analysis was conducted from August to November 2023. Patients with T2DM in Germany actively using the MyTherapy app, allowing push notifications, and documenting use of diabetes medications, renin-angiotensin system inhibitors, finerenone, and/or blood glucose test strips were eligible for inclusion. Study materials (background information, electronic consent form, laboratory and electronic questionnaires) were provided directly to eligible patients via push notifications in the app. Participants completed an electronic case report form (eCRF) including questions on their blood pressure, most recent UACR, eGFR, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values in the past 12 months, the EQ-5D-5L, and the Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (DTSQ). The primary outcome was the proportion of patients with UACR ≥30 mg/g.

RESULTS

Of 9527 invited eligible patients, 101 completed the eCRF (61 male and 40 female; mean age: 54.2 years). Of the 101 patients, only 6 patients reported UACR values (3 had UACR ≥30 mg/g) and 9 patients reported eGFR values. Ninety patients provided HbA1c values. Forty-six patients had systolic blood pressure ≥130 mm Hg. The mean EQ-5D-5L index score was 0.7 (range, –0.1 to 1.0; 50 patients) and the mean DTSQ score was 28.8 (range: 9.0-36.0; 49 patients).

CONCLUSIONS

Patients with T2DM using an adherence-supporting app in Germany showed a lack of awareness of CKD-related biomarkers but high knowledge of HbA1c values. Future goals for diabetes management must include guideline-compliant testing of CKD-related biomarkers and open physician-patient communication.
Generative AI: A Promising, but Cautious, Ally in Children's Mental Health (Preprint)
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Mahbubur
Published: May 2024

UNSTRUCTURED

Generative artificial intelligence (AI), a powerful subfield of AI, is rapidly gaining momentum in both private and public sectors, demonstrating its applicability across diverse domains. The healthcare system is no exception, with researchers enthusiastically embracing its potential to provide valuable support across various healthcare domains. This article explores the transformative potential of Generative AI in addressing children’s mental health, considering its promises, challenges, and ethical implications. By highlighting the applications of Generative AI models in detection and support, the article emphasizes the need for cautious implementation due to risks such as bias, hallucination, and privacy concerns. Emphasizing a collaborative approach involving clinicians and robust governance, the article concludes by advocating for responsible integration, acknowledging Generative AI as an augmentation, not a replacement, for human expertise in the realm of children’s mental health.
Characterization of Fish Skin Hydrolysates Exhibiting Dipeptidyl Peptidase IV Inhibitory Activity
Authors: Miyamoto Honoka , Safitri Erwina , Nagai Takeshi , Saito Masataka
Published: May 2024

Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitors are antidiabetic drugs that can lower blood sugar levels. There are still few reports on the DPP-IV inhibitory activity of peptides obtained from discarded fish skin. Therefore, we prepared various enzymatic hydrolysates using the skins of six fish species and investigated their DPP-IV inhibitory effects. As a result, it was found that the DPP-IV inhibitory activity of yellowtail hydrolysate by Alcalase was higher than that of other enzymes. In addition, the IC50 after ethanol fractionation was found to be lower in yellowtail and eel skin hydrolysate. Amino acid composition analysis showed that the hydrolysate obtained from the skin of the yellowtail contained the highest amount of Gly, followed by Pro, Hyp, and Ala, indicating that it was a peptide derived from type I collagen. Fractionation with ethanol showed that the DPP-IV inhibitory components were contained in the low molecular weight fraction. The artificial digestion test observed no DPP-IV inhibitory activity or average molecular weight change. The DPP-IV inhibitory peptide obtained from fish skin has the potential to be applied as a food material to various food products.
Evaluation of Beef Retail Shelf-Life Following Extended Storage at Low Temperature
Authors: Gonzalez Sara V. , Zhai Chaoyu , Hernandez-Sintharakao Michael J. , Geornaras Ifigenia , Nair Mahesh N.
Published: May 2024

The storage of meat at temperatures below regular chilling can extend the storage shelf-life of fresh beef. However, the retail shelf-life of beef after extended storage has not been thoroughly investigated. This study evaluated the retail shelf-life of steaks derived from 10 upper two-thirds Choice beef inside rounds, bone-in ribeyes, and striploins that had been stored at low temperature (LT; −2.7 ± 0.3°C) for different periods of time. The subprimals were fabricated into 3 pieces, vacuum packaged, and randomly allocated to an LT storage time of 60, 75, and 90 d. After each storage time, subprimal portions were fabricated into steaks, overwrapped, and placed in a retail display case (3°C) for 7 d. Steaks were evaluated daily for instrumental and visual color and microbial levels (aerobic plate counts [APC], lactic acid bacteria counts, and Pseudomonas spp. counts) on days 0, 2, 4, and 7. For all subprimals, the initial redness (a* values) of LT75 and LT90 steaks was greater (P < 0.05) than that of LT60 steaks. In general, irrespective of LT storage time or retail display day, visual panelists did not detect differences in lean color and discoloration of steaks. For all subprimals, the APC of LT60 steaks on days 0, 2, and 4 of the retail display were lower (P < 0.05) than those of LT75 and LT90 samples. Samples from LT60 presented a longer microbial retail shelf-life than those from LT75 and LT90 due to lower initial microbial loads following LT storage. However, the retail shelf-life of samples from LT75 and LT90 was similar. Overall, these results demonstrated the impact of LT60, LT75, and LT90 on the retail shelf-life of different beef subprimals.
Trabajo social, una asignatura en constante transformación (Primera parte)
Authors: Tello Peón Nelia Elena
Published: May 2024

"Quiero ser capaz de ayudar a la gente de una manera lo más efectiva posible. Siempre quise hacer un trabajo que sirviera, que fuera más allá de la caridad. Llegué a la Autónoma de Nuevo León cuando la escuela estaba sumamente politizada por el movimiento de autonomía. La carrera de trabajo social tenía apenas cuatro años y era ya una licenciatura, no solo una formación a nivel técnico. En la escuela estaba en ese momento un grupo de estudiantes expulsados del TEC de Monterrey por haber intentado hacer la primera huelga. Entonces, la Escuela de Trabajo Social fue el receptorio de mucha gente que venía corrida de otras instituciones pero con una gran formación incluso de universidades europeas."
Predicción de la Conducta Infiel en Jóvenes Universitarios: Análisis de la Conducta Sexual y la Personalidad Sexual
Authors: Peña Peña Anibal Uriel , Mendoza González Brenda
Published: May 2024

La infidelidad es definida como el involucramiento emocional y/o sexual con diferentes parejas fuera de la relación comprometida. El objetivo de esta investigación es comprobar si la conducta sexual y la personalidad sexual predicen la conducta infiel en jóvenes estudiantes universitarios, participaron 626 personas, 313 hombres (50%) y 313 mujeres (50%) con edad entre 18 y 30 años (x̄ = 20.64; σ = 2.49), los criterios de inclusión fueron ser estudiantes universitarios y estar en una relación de pareja. Para medir las variables de estudio fueron utilizados el Inventario Multidimensional de Infidelidad (IMIN), el Inventario de Conducta Sexual y la Escala de Personalidad Sexual. Se analizaron los datos a través de la correlación producto momento de Pearson y a través una regresión lineal examinando las variables dependientes. Se concluyó que las conductas sexuales de Seducción y Contacto físico, así como los rasgos de personalidad sexual como Infiel, Restricción sexual y Liberal, fueron los predictores más significativos de la infidelidad.
Huellas de las Violencias en la Salud Mental de las Mujeres Migrantes Guanajuatenses
Authors: García Beristáin Karla Andrea , Cienfuegos Martínez Yessica Ivet
Published: May 2024

La violencia contra el cuerpo de las mujeres es un factor expulsor en los procesos migratorios, además de que desarrollarse en un contexto violento puede generar afectaciones a la salud mental (Barja, 2019; Petrzelová et al., 2015). El objetivo del estudio fue identificar las afectaciones a la salud mental reportados por mujeres guanajuatenses cuyas experiencias de migración interna y externa fueron atravesadas por las violencias contra las mujeres. Mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas, nueve mujeres hablaron de sus experiencias personales en torno al proceso migratorio, y los efectos de éstas en torno a su salud mental. Se realizó un estudio fenomenológico que permitió estructurar tres categorías de análisis: a) Dolor en tiempos de violencia, b) Entre el apoyo y la revictimización, y c) A veces debe haber tierra de por medio para sanar. Se encontró que las afectaciones a la salud mental se relacionaron con síntomas y procesos de tipo emocional, físico, cognitivo, conductual y relacional. La búsqueda de recursos para mejorar su salud mental las llevó a ser incomprendidas y revictimizadas. En consecuencia, la migración significó una alternativa de vivir en condiciones alejadas de las violencias, como una forma de resistencia y agencia.
Competitiveness and Logistics Performance Index: How does the infrastructure pillar perform in ASEAN countries?
Authors: Azwardi Azwardi , Fuadah Luk Luk , Syathiri Ahmad
Published: May 2024

This paper examines the impact of strategic sub-components of the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) on the Logistics Performance Index (LPI), positing a correlation between the LPI and selected GCI factors, specifically within the infrastructure domain—namely, the indicators of Road Quality, Rail Service Efficiency, Port Efficiency, Air Transport Efficiency, and Electrification. The objective is to identify which indicators within the infrastructure sector most significantly affect the Logistics Performance Index. In this study, the LPI is the dependent variable, while the five previously mentioned competitiveness indicators act as independent variables. Top of Form
A panel data regression analysis was employed to evaluate how these independent variables influence the dependent variable. The data for this study were derived from the World Bank, specifically the LPI of the World Bank and the World Economic Forum, covering countries in the ASEAN region from 2012 to 2020. The findings indicate that, among the five indicators, Port Efficiency significantly impacts the Logistics Performance Index in the ASEAN region. Furthermore, both Air Transportation Efficiency and Electrification significantly influence the Logistics Performance Index. Conversely, Road Quality and Rail Service Efficiency do not significantly affect the Logistics Performance Index in the ASEAN region.
Creature in the making
Authors: Elena Cirkovic
Published: May 2024

Elena Cirkovic is conducting a transdisciplinary research project at Aarhus University, the University of Lapland, the University of Helsinki, and the BioArt Society Finland on the complex interactions between Earth and outer space systems, as well as the limitations in communicating with the unknown and unpredictable. The associated artwork is aiming for simplicity, placemaking, and "non-disruptive" BioArt (to the extent possible).
The Sofu Seamount Present in the Source Area of the October 2023 Earthquake and Tsunami in Japan
Authors: Fujiwara Toshiya , Imai Kentaro , Obayashi Masayuki , Yoshida Kenta , Tada Noriko , Obana Koichiro , Fujie Gou , Ono Shigeaki , Kodaira Shuichi
Published: May 2024

On October 8, 2023 (UTC), unique earthquakes occurred in the
Izu-Ogasawara Arc, Japan, in which the P- and S-phases were barely
visible and only the T-phase was evident, followed by tsunamis that
reached islands in the Izu-Ogasawara Arc and a wide area of the Pacific
coast of southwest Japan. In the location where the T-phase source was
estimated, there is the Sofu Seamount which was previously unrecognized
as an active submarine volcano. A bathymetric survey of the seamount
conducted one month after the event revealed characteristics of the
seamount with a caldera and a central cone. Compared to the bathymetry
in 1987, the topography in the caldera had changed significantly such as
a crater forming in the central cone. This seamount is likely to be an
active volcano. The topographic changes on the caldera-sized scale that
occurred at the caldera can be explained as a source of the October
tsunami.
The influence of excavation support construction on the settlement of adjacent structures
Authors: Miszko Mateusz , Tankiewicz Matylda
Published: May 2024

The paper presents an examination of the subsoil settlement in the neighbourhood of a deep excavation with particular reference to the excavation support construction method. Analysis was carried out for a selected deep excavation with a residential building in the vicinity. The most used technologies were considered, i.e., sheet pile walls, soldier pile walls, bored pile walls, and diaphragm walls. A total of 14 wall variants were examined to investigate the differences that certain characteristics have on the surrounding area. The impact of excavation support was assessed for two anchorage level schemes, taking into account three excavation phases. On this basis, the settlement profile next to the excavation wall was determined, and the settlement of the adjacent building was calculated. A key factor identified was the trench wall support scheme. Furthermore, a strong correlation was found between the stiffness of the wall and the maximum settlement observed.
Emneansvarliges perspektiv på etikkundervisning i økonomiskadministrativ bachelorutdanning
Authors: Borgen Cathrine
Published: May 2024

De siste årene har media tatt opp stadig flere saker der ledere i både private og offentlige virksomheter ikke har fremstått som gode rollemodeller. Dette har bidratt til at en nå i større grad etterspør en utdanning som fremmer etisk refleksjon og ansvarlighet hos fremtidige ledere. Likevel finnes det få studier som belyser undervisningspraksis i etikk i økonomisk-administrativ utdanning i en norsk kontekst. Studien som denne artikkelen bygger på, ønsker å bidra til diskusjon, utvikling og refleksjon om hva som påvirker undervisningspraksis i etikkundervisningen i økonomisk-administrativ utdanning.
Denne studien undersøker emneansvarliges perspektiver på egen undervisningsplanlegging og hva som påvirker den. Studien bygger på data fra 14 semistrukturerte intervjuer med emneansvarlige i etikkemner ved bachelorutdanninger i økonomi og administrasjon. Analysen viser et mangfold av ulike valg knyttet til planlegging av undervisning, oppfatninger av hensikten med etikkundervisning og konsekvenser av ulike rammevilkår. Videre viser analysen at emneansvarlige opplever institusjonenes prioriteringer som styrende for planleggingen, noe de mener hemmer en undervisning preget av dialog og refleksjon. Analysen viser også en diskrepans mellom nasjonale minimumskrav og undervisningen som planlegges, noe som vil kreve videre oppmerksomhet i fremtiden.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT
Course managers’ perspectives on teaching ethics in business education
In recent years, the media has increasingly taken up cases where business leaders have not appeared as good role models. This is one of the reasons the business community is now demanding an education that promotes ethical reflection and responsibility in future managers. Nevertheless, there are few studies that shed light on teaching practices in ethics in business education in a Norwegian context. The study on which this article is based wants to contribute to discussion, development and reflection on what affects teaching practices in ethics courses in business education.
This study examines course managers’ perspectives on their own teaching planning and what influences it. The study is based on data from 14 semi-structured interviews with course managers in ethics courses in bachelor’s programs in business education. The analysis shows a diversity of choices related to the planning of teaching, the perception of the purpose of ethics teaching and the consequences of different framework conditions. Furthermore, the analysis shows that the institutions’ priorities govern the planning, which inhibits a teaching approach that encourages students’ dialogue and reflection. The analysis also shows a discrepancy between the teaching planned and national minimum requirements, which will require further attention in the future.
ANALYSIS AND IDENTIFICATION OF DAMAGE TO AMC 36-800/MA AN SHAN LATHES USING FAILURE MODE AND EFFECT ANALYSIS AND FAULT TREE ANALYSIS METHODS
Authors: Fuad Achmad Nur , Hidayat Hidayat , Rizqi Akhmad Wasiur
Published: May 2024

Maintenance emerges as a crucial intervention to ensure the sustained reliability of machinery. The AMC 36-800/MA AN SHAN lathe, a piece of equipment subject to extensive operational demands, frequently encounters breakdowns, thereby obstructing the seamless execution of maintenance activities for facilities. This investigation seeks to pinpoint the components responsible for the failures and malfunctions afflicting the lathe above. Employing the methodologies of Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), this study successfully identifies the components at the epicentre of the machine's vulnerabilities. The analysis culminates in delineating critical components by calculating Risk Priority Numbers (RPN), unveiling a pivotal RPN value of 309.57. Moreover, it isolates two components whose failure modes surpass the critical RPN threshold: the Drive Motor and the Fixed Head. The genesis of these failures can be attributed to the escalating operational intensity, elevated engine temperatures, and a maintenance regimen that is both sporadically scheduled and suboptimal. Keywords: Lathe AMC 36-800/Ma AN Shan, Failure mode, FMEA, FTA, RPN
Adapting Cloud Accounting As Creative Innovation And The Role Of Accountants In The Era Of Disruption
Authors: Pitria Ni Gusti Ayu , Haliah Haliah , Nirwana Nirwana
Published: May 2024

Cloud accounting is a pivotal innovation in contemporary accounting, significantly altering how accountants operate. This article delves into the effects of cloud accounting on the accounting profession, examining its role in an era marked by technological upheaval and how accountants adapt to persist. It elucidates the transition prompted by cloud accounting from traditional task execution, such as transaction recording, to a more analytical approach focused on deep data analysis through process automation. Yet, this transition does not render the accountant's role redundant; rather, it underscores the ongoing necessity for accountants to refine their competencies. These include analytical prowess, data interpretation skills, engagement with emerging technologies, a commitment to ethical standards, and a mastery of strategic consulting. Additionally, the article points out the critical need for accountants to continuously advance their technological understanding, embracing tools like Power BI and programming languages such as SQL, to stay pertinent and effective amidst disruptive trends. By exploring both hurdles and prospects, the narrative posits accountants at the forefront of delivering insightful, value-added recommendations to businesses navigating the digital revolution. By presenting a comprehensive analysis of the evolving landscape, the article projects a nuanced perspective on the accountant's future role, advocating for readiness and adaptation to harness the benefits presented by cloud technology in this transformative period
Enhancing Efficiency in Industrial Metal Roof Replacement: Utilizing Goal Programming for Cost Optimization
Authors: Sutanto Wilson , Prajitna Stefanus Hanifa , Harito Christian
Published: May 2024

This study explores the use of Goal Programming (GP) to optimise project management decisions in the construction industry, focusing on a case study of a roof replacement project. The construction industry is crucial to a country's development, contributing significantly to economic growth and employment rates. However, construction projects are often complex and resource-intensive. Project management is essential in ensuring the successful completion of construction projects. The study uses GP to address the time-cost trade-off in project management, aiming to minimise project costs while meeting project deadlines and quality requirements. The GP model considers various constraints, such as the availability of workers and equipment, project duration, and budget limitations. The study presents two optimisation options: a time-focused option and a cost-focused ed option. The time-focused option prioritises timely project completion, while the cost-focused option aims to minimise project costs. In the case study, the time-focused option is the most suitable choice. This approach allows the project to be completed in time as the alternative option delay delays the project far too unacceptable. Overall, the study demonstrates the effectiveness of GP in optimising project management decisions in the construction industry. By carefully evaluating project constraints and objectives, GP can help construction companies achieve the best possible outcomes in terms of cost, time, and quality. Keywords: Goal Programming, Construction Industry, Project Management, Time-Cost Trade-off, Optimization
Evaluación formativa en la sesión de Educación Física: prácticas y obstáculos
Authors: González Cabrera José Luis
Published: May 2024

En México la evaluación que desarrolla el docente en la sesión de Educación Física se caracteriza entre otros aspectos por asentar una calificación en una boleta de evaluación, por el contrario, poco se sabe sobre el aspecto pedagógico y los procedimientos que se utilizan para evaluar a los estudiantes. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue analizar los tipos, técnicas e instrumentos de evaluación que utiliza el educador físico en las sesiones de Educación Física en escuelas de nivel preescolar, primaria y secundaria de la Ciudad de México. Se realizó un estudio exploratorio tipo naturalista con enfoque mixto a una muestra no probabilística intencional de 90 participantes y los instrumentos utilizados fueron encuesta y una entrevista estructurada. Se establecieron tres categorías de análisis con respecto al tipo de evaluación, técnicas evaluativas en la sesión e instrumentos de evaluación aplicados a los alumnos. Las conclusiones señalan que existe confusión conceptual en términos de evaluación-calificación y se utilizan indiscriminadamente las técnicas e instrumentos, sin entender la diferencia entre ellos, lo cual no permite establecer una evaluación formativa en la sesión de Educación Física.
Allometry of nanoparticles in diesel-biodiesel blends for CI engine performance, combustion and emissions
Authors: Ahmeda Mohd Mujtaba , Palia Harveer Singh , Mohsin Khana Mohammad
Published: May 2024

Most countries in the world are facing two major challenges, one is the increase in the demand for energy consumption difficult to fulfill because of limited fossil fuel, and the second is the emission norms specified by many countries. Various methods are adopted to reduce emissions from engines but that leads to sacrificing the performance of CI engines. To eradicate this problem in the present study, the nanoparticles like (TiO2) are used with different particle sizes 10–30 nm, 30–50 nm and 50–70 nm induced in B20 (20% biodiesel and 80% diesel) with the constant volume fraction of 100 ppm, and utilized in the diesel engine without any modifications. The results showed that the incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles improves the combustion of hydrocarbons and reduces the emissions of CO, unburned hydrocarbon concentration, NOx and soot. Moreover, among three sizes of the nanoparticles, those with size 30–50 nm showed interesting results with the reduction in brake-specific energy consumption, NOx, smoke and HC by 2.9%, 16.2%, 35% and 10%, respectively, com-pared to other blends used in the study, and hence the blend with the nanoparticle of size 30–50 nm is expected to be a more promising fuel for commercial application in CI engines.