bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Non-linear Adaptive Wiener Filter for Time Series Smoothing
Authors: Levada Alexandre
Published: November 2022

Often, in the analysis of time series and digital signals, a smoothing procedure is required to filter undesired random perturbations as noise and outliers in data. Among the most widely known techniques for time series smoothing, we have convolutional filters, simple exponential smoothing, triple exponential smoothing (Holt-Winters method) and linear adaptive filters, such as the Wiener filter. In this paper, we propose the NoLAW filter (Non-Linear Adaptive Wiener filter), a higher-order nonlinear extension for the adaptive Wiener filter, which is a linear statistical smoothing technique that assumes the hypothesis that the underlying series is corrupted by a zero mean, additive and independent Gaussian noise. Numerical experiments show that the proposed method is a computationally efficient and viable approach for filtering time series. Quantitative metrics show that the NoLAW filter is capable of producing better results than the usual linear Wiener filter, simple exponential smoothing and Holt-Winters method. Moreover, the computational cost of the proposed NoLAW is linear in the number of samples, which means that, asymptotically, it is equivalent to the regular Wiener filter.
Role of the membrane spanning 4A (MS4A) gene family in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zheng Zijun , Li Huiping , Guo Hui
Published: November 2022

Lung adenocarcinoma, which is the second most prevalent cancer in the world, has a poor prognosis and a low five-year survival rate. The MS4A protein family is crucial to disease development and progression, particularly for cancers, allergies, metabolic disorders, autoimmune diseases, infections, and neurodegenerative disorders. However, its involvement in lung adenocarcinoma remains unclear. In this study, we found that 12 MS4A family genes were up- or downregulated in lung adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, we described the genetic variation landscape of the MS4A family in lung adenocarcinoma. Notably, according to a function enrichment study of the MS4A family, the immune response-regulating signaling pathway and receptor signaling pathway on the surface of immune response-regulating cells were both found to be associated with the binding of an immunoglobulin. According to the Kaplan–Meier curve, patients with lung adenocarcinoma having poor expression of MS4A2, MS4A4A, MS4A7, MS4A14, and MS4A15 had a low overall survival rate. These five prognostic genes are substantially associated with immune-infiltrating cells, and a prognosis model incorporating them may more accurately predict the overall survival rate of patients with lung adenocarcinoma than current models. The findings of this study may offer creative suggestions and recommendations for the identification and management of lung adenocarcinoma.
Improving the quality attributes of mayonnaise enriched with phenolic extracts of fenugreek seeds and leaves during storage
Authors: Turker Izzet , Isleroglu Hilal
Published: November 2022

In this study, mayonnaise was enriched with phenolic extracts of fenugreek seeds (FSE) and fenugreek leaves (FLE), and quality attributes of the enriched mayonnaises were investigated during storage. FSE and FLE were added to mayonnaises at three different levels (0.05, 0.10 and 0.20%) and the samples were stored at 4°C for 12 weeks, and at 25°C for 6 weeks. Antioxidant activity, peroxide value, titratable acidity, color change, microbial and sensorial analysis were carried out. As a result, enrichment of mayonnaise with FSE and FLE improved its quality properties during storage. FSE and FLE added samples’ antioxidant activities were preserved ~ 87 and ~ 47% at 4°C, 81% and ~ 27% at 25°C, respectively. In addition, the increase in peroxide values of enriched mayonnaise with the extracts during storage was less than that of synthetic antioxidant (EDTA) added samples. The highest total color change (ΔE) was observed for FLE added samples for all the addition levels. Addition of FLE and FSE at the highest level (0.20%) was prevented the total aerobic mesophilic bacteria growth as 2.1 and 3.2 logs, and the total yeast/mold growth as 1.0 and 1.3 logs at 25°C, respectively. Sensory attributes (color, odor, taste, texture, overall acceptance) of the FSE and FLE added mayonnaises had higher scores than the control sample at the end of the storage.
Box Jenkins Neural Network Keynecian Reinforcement Learning Based Financial Big Data Analysis for Optimal Prediction
Authors: Wei Zhang Wei , P P. Pushpa
Published: November 2022

In the digital era, Economic and Finance information is huge and attainable. The financial industry is a key to stimulating the evolution of the national economy, and with the immense availability of huge data makes the process of financial data analysis both a time consuming and tedious decision making in the financial market. By analyzing this Economic and Finance information significantly and easily, valuable perceptions can be provided. For rational economic growth, information pertaining to economic affairs and likelihoods is critical to decision-makers like governmental bodies, financial institutions and banks. However, precise predictions have been demand owing to the intricacy and unpredictability of financial and economic systems in the midst of persistent changes in economic environments. This work provides to approaches for better economic prediction and decision-making using a novel method called, Multivariate Box Jenkins Neural Network-based Keynecian Reinforcement Learning (MBJNN-KRL). In this work, Financial Data Analysis Deep Economic Prediction model that contains a Multivariate Box Jenkins Long Short Term Memory Forecasting model, for better economic prediction and convergence speed even in case of large data is first designed. The deep reinforcement learning technique is then adapted to retrain neural networks and rebalance the aggregate expenditure periodically. We combined the multivariate Multivariate Box Jenkins Long Short Term Memory Forecasting and the Keynecian Reinforcement Learning models into a single integrated reinforcement learning model named Multivariate Box Jenkins Neural Network-based Keynecian Reinforcement Learning (MBJNN-KRL). Finally, distinct sets of experiments are carried out on real large-scale data set, and the results entirely prove the efficiency and robustness of the proposed method in arbitrary economic prediction based on financial data. Our empirical data revealed that the MBJNN-KRL method could attain combative financial performance compared to traditional methods in terms of predictive accuracy, convergence speed and prediction error.
Pathological Evaluation of Corneal Regrafts During Ten Years at a Tertiary Referral Center in Tehran, Iran
Authors: Amoli Fahime Asadi , Abdi Parisa , Nozarian Zohreh , Toosang Moones , Mohammadi Abbas , Sadeghi Reza
Published: November 2022

Purpose
To evaluate the histopathological and epidemiologic features of corneal regrafts over ten years.
Methods
A single-center retrospective analysis was performed on corneal specimens diagnosed as corneal graft failure retrieved from The Farabi Eye Hospital (Tehran, Iran) over a 10-year period. Also, Demographic data including sex, age, laterality, primary diagnosis, type of graft, cause of corneal regraft, associated eye diseases and systemic comorbidities were evaluated.
Results
Among a total of 3120 corneal grafts, 267 of them (8.55%) were regrafts. Main cause of graft failure was corneal ulcer. The most common type of grafting was penetrating keratoplasty (PK), but most common type of regrafting surgery was DSAEK. The Main causes of graft failure was Infectious keratitis. The most common histopathological finding was Bowman layer disruption (81%) and stromal scar (80%). Stromal edema, retro corneal fibrous, sub epidermal bulla and stromal vascularization were the other present findings. The inflammatory reaction was considered discrete in 59.45% of the cases and dominant cell type was polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs).
Conclusion
Infectious keratitis was the major cause of failure in our study. Considerable presence of histopathological changes such as retro corneal fibrous, sub epidermal bulla needs further investigations. Perhaps, proper education of infectious keratitis risk factors, as well as regular examinations and proper antibiotic prophylaxis can reduce the rate of the corneal graft failure
China’s Financial System - a Comparative Analysis of its Characteristics with Banking- or Market-based Financial Systems
Authors: Gottfried Oliver , Haake Anthony
Published: November 2022

Purpose: This study analyzes the future development of the Chinese Financial System (CFS) based on the theory of financial market development and the past regulatory changes within the Chinese financial system. The result of our study, a framework for the CFS’s development, may hold predictive power over future regulatory changes.
Design/Methodology/Approach: To assess the state of the CFS theory predicted evolution from being banking-based to market-based, we apply primary research and conduct expert interviews to analyze the evidence from internal stakeholders about the systems development. We conduct five interviews with three stakeholder groups: a.) Manager of growth-stage startups (Demand public/private equity and debt); b.) Equity investors (Supply private/public equity and debt); c.) Managers at State-owned banks (Supply debt).
Findings: We demonstrate that the CFS has the characteristics of a banking-based system as it relies on traditional debt financing provided by banks but also equity funding from stock markets. Those banks allocate capital based on market forces and aligned with the Chinese government’s long-term 5-year plan and are effective in stimulating growth on an industry level. While debt markets are more dominant there is also a strong equity funding system based on the respective stock markets.
Research and Practical implications/Originality: Our framework aids the reader in putting past and upcoming changes of financial systems into perspective. The detailed overview of the CFS offers an entry point to understanding Chinese financial regulation. It provides a theoretical perspective on the Chinese government’s long-term goals when applying our framework.
JEL: E51, E59, E61, E62
The Dynamics of Climate Change Science and Policy in Panama: A Review
Authors: Castillero Gustavo Cárdenas , Paton┼ Steven , Noriega┼ Rodrigo , Calderón Adriana
Published: November 2022

The local studies and reports indicate that the temperature of Panama has increased by approximately 1°C since the 1970s. More evidence shows a constantly rising sea level in the Guna Yala archipelago, coral bleaching on both coasts, and increasingly more frequent and extreme precipitation events throughout Panama. This study includes an analysis of over 400 scientific publications made by researchers from multiples centres and more than 20 Panamanian official reports due to Panama’s mandate and duties under the international climate accords. To summarise the results, the studies were gathered according to the climate change effects by Panamanian locations and analysed posteriorly using Rstudio and ArcMAP. The results indicate a significant increase in climate change research beginning in 2007. This study identified and examined the essential findings per hydroclimatic region, showing the trends, limitations, collaborations, and international contributions. Climate change research in Panama includes some of the longest-term meteorological, hydrological, oceanographic, and biological studies in the neotropics. The greatest number of identified climate change-related studies were conducted, at least in part, in the Barro Colorado Natural Monument located in central Panama. Other frequently used sites include Metropolitan Natural Park, Soberanía Park, the Panama Canal Watershed, and the Caribbean coast of the province of Colón and Bocas del Toro, primarily due to research carried out by Smithsonian Tropical Research-affiliated investigators. The tropical forests of Panama are some of the bests studied in the world, however, research has been concentrated in a relatively small number of locations and should be expanded to include additional areas to achieve a more complete and comprehensive understanding of how climate change will impact Panama in the future.
Automation, Education, and Population: Dynamic Effects in an OLG Growth and Fertility Model
Authors: Peralta Catarina , Gil Pedro
Published: November 2022

We address two main structural changes occurring in developed countries: the rise of automation and population ageing. We use an R&D-based growth model in an OLG framework with endogenous education and fertility, and automation in the production process. Our model is able to combine the growth of real wages over time and either a fall or an increase in birth rates, consistent with recent data regarding the birth rate by skill group. Moreover, our model allows for the study of the interplay between the effects of population ageing and those of automation. The results show a dynamics consistent with the US trends for the period covering 1970 to 2019. We also show the model's response to automation and demographic (fertility vs longevity) exogenous shocks and to policy instruments aiming to mitigate inequality.
JEL Codes: J11, J23, J24, O3, O4
First thrust measurements in ionic multi-propeller rotational engines
Authors: Ieta Adrian , Chirita Marius
Published: November 2022

Rotary ionic engines (RIEs) with multi-coaxial propellers (12.6 cm diameter) and their thrust-to-power ratios are investigated. Up to 40 mN thrust was obtained in single propeller RIE at 2600 rpm, 0.34mA, 37.5kV, and optimal ground diameter of 17cm. More thrust can be obtained with two and three propellers at constant current per propeller. Propeller interaction is minimal above 5 cm axial propeller-separation. Thrust-to-power ratios present a peak at low currents (maximum 30mN/W for 17cm ground diameter). Thrust-to-power variation can be assessed by the propeller kinetic energy-to-power ratio and also by the voltage- to-current ratio at currents larger than about 0.1mA.
Cycloserine-induced psychosis in patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review of case reports
Authors: Cotrina-Santome Alonso , Ulloa-Esqu Lizbeth , Vásquez-Quispe Shirley , Arevalo-Flores Martín , Pedraz-Petrozzi Bruno
Published: November 2022

Objectives

To describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of cycloserine (CS) - induced psychosis in adults diagnosed with drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB).

Materials and Methods

A systematic review of case reports was carried out according to PRISMA guidelines. Subsequently, information was extracted concerning sociodemographic variables, clinical characteristics of psychosis, treatment, and clinical outcomes, as well as the quality of the articles using a standardized tool (Joanna Briggs Institute -JBI- Case Reports Tool).

Results

Of 3416 articles, 20 reports from seven countries were included, encompassing 22 patients (68.18% male participants, mean age: 31.45 ± 10.88 years). Delusions (68.20%, primarily paranoid) were the most frequent psychotic symptom. The median duration of the psychotic episode was 13 days (interquartile range: 35). Other frequently appearing symptoms in CS-induced psychosis were aggressiveness (68.20%), insomnia (59.10%), hallucinations (54.50%), incoherent/disorganized speech (45.45%) and irritability (45.45%). After antipsychotic treatment (81.81% of the reported cases were treated with at least one antipsychotic), 95.50% presented improvement, while 4.54% died by suicide. Finally, after the quality assessment of studies using the JBI tool, 85.00% of the articles showed a low risk of bias.

Conclusions

CS-induced psychosis is a rare presentation, generally of short duration, that includes delusions (mostly paranoid) as its main psychotic symptom and shows mostly a symptom improvement after medical treatment.
PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022359551 (Date of registration: 22/09/2022)
Comparative Assessment of Seasonal Variations in the Quality of Surface water and its associated health hazards in Gold Mining Areas of Osun State, South-West Nigeria.
Authors: Olalekan Awogbami Stephen , Adewoye Solomon Olayinka , Henry Sawyerr Olawale , Raimi Morufu Olalekan
Published: November 2022

Industrial and urban development are contributing to an increase in global environmental degradation. Therefore, the release of heavy metals from mining-related operations into surface water is harmful to human health. But as anthropogenic influences on the environment grow, surface water characteristics are also altering, which has an impact on aquatic creatures. In order to analyze the acceptability of the surface water in the gold mining area for drinking and irrigation uses, different quality water assessment methodologies were incorporated in this research. In light of this, the purpose of the current study is to comprehend how the hydro-geochemistry and appropriateness of surface water for drinking and irrigation vary on a monthly basis. The study employed standardized analytical techniques. According to APHA recommendations, all sampling, conservation, transportation, and analysis were completed (2012). All collected samples were transported to the study lab while being kept in an icebox to prevent the degradation of the organic components. As a result, the study is focused on the contamination level in the surface water for a year. Overall, the study also highlights important pollutants that have an impact on the quality of the surface water as it passes through Osun State's gold mining regions. Finally, it has been determined that the following criteria are crucial for the stretch in each season of this research: DO, Hardness, Turbidity, Chloride, Potassium, Lead, TSS, Cadmium, Chromium, Manganese, Mercury, and Arsenic. Most of the physicochemical variables examined in this study fell within their corresponding standard limits. Based on the results of this study, the appropriate constituted authority is encouraged to continuously monitor and assess surface water quality suitability for drinking, domestic, and irrigation purposes in order to keep track of the effects of water contaminants and detect any changes in the water quality. To safeguard and maintain the groundwater quality and public health, it is advised that appropriate regulatory policies and water treatment procedures be employed in the area. Additionally, it is proposed that when enhancing water quality and investigating the sustainable use of water resources, surface water pollution should be taken into consideration. More research on report quality needs to be done in Nigeria's other mining environments in order to develop technical capacity. In the context of new contaminants and a changing climate, this study suggests additional research directions to enhance knowledge of surface water in a mining setting and sustainable surface water management in mining areas.
The Internet-of-Vehicle Traffic Condition System Developed by Artificial Intelligence of Things
Authors: Wu Hsin-Te
Published: November 2022

An Internet-of-Vehicle (IoV) system primary transmits traffic information and various kinds of emergency notices through Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) or Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I); however, the transmission of multimedia enables drivers to control route conditions better, such as road obstacles and the range of a construction site. Additionally, car accidents usually require relevant video records of the scene for investigation; surrounding cars could transfer the accident scene videos to help the police restore the detailed situation. Meanwhile, the multimedia messages of IoV need to go through security verification and privacy protection for the system to deliver push notifications and multimedia messages to social groups instantly.
The study aims to construct an IoV traffic condition system developed by Artificial Intelligence of Things (AIoT); the data transmitting method of this research is via the 6th Generation Network (6G Network), which has advantages of high transmission speed and Quality of Service (QoS) guarantee. Furthermore, the suggested system employs federated learning to ensure message security and privacy. The features of the researched system are: 1. Use Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Networks (R-CNN) to recognize the objects in cameras and judge if there are road obstacles and any constructions; 2. Capture car accident videos through federated learning, and send the encrypted evidence to relevant legal units; 3. Use push notifications to send multimedia messages to social groups instantly, marking the locations and the road conditions to help drivers control the conditions with the surroundings. This study expects to delivering videos and Global Positioning System (GPS) data for road condition recognition, improving driving safety.
Benchmarking Multi-Task Learning for Sentiment Analysis and Offensive Language Identification in Under-Resourced Dravidian Languages
Authors: Hande Adeep , Hegde Siddhanth U , Priyadharshini Ruba , Ponnusamy Rahul , Kumaresan Prasanna Kumar , Thavareesan Sajeetha , Chakravarthi Bharathi Raja
Published: November 2022

To obtain extensive annotated data for under-resourced languages is challenging, so in this research, we have investigated whether it is beneficial to train models using multi-task learning. Sentiment analysis and offensive language identification share similar discourse properties. The selection of these tasks is motivated by the lack of large labelled data for user-generated code-mixed datasets. This paper works on code-mixed YouTube comments for Tamil, Malayalam, and Kannada languages. Our framework is applicable to other sequence classification problems irrespective of the size of the datasets. Experiments show that our multi-task learning model can achieve high results compared with single-task learning while reducing the time and space constraints required to train the models on individual tasks. Analysis of fine-tuned models indicates the preference of multi-task learning over single-task learning resulting in a higher weighted F1-score on all three languages. We apply two multi-task learning approaches to three Dravidian languages: Kannada, Malayalam, and Tamil. Maximum scores on Kannada and Malayalam were achieved by mBERT subjected to cross-entropy loss and with an approach of hard parameter sharing. Best scores on Tamil was achieved by DistilBERT subjected to cross-entropy loss with soft parameter sharing as the architecture type. For the tasks of sentiment analysis and offensive language identification, the best-performing model scored a weighted F1-score of (66.8% and 90.5%), (59% and 70%), and (62.1% and 75.3%) for Kannada, Malayalam, and Tamil on sentiment analysis and offensive language identification, respectively.  The data and approaches discussed in this paper are Published in Github.
Indikation zur Ganzkörpercomputertomographie bei polytraumatisierten Kindern - Diagnostisches Potential des Glascow Coma Scale, des Unfallherganges und der klinischen Untersuchung
Authors:   , Daniel Klein
Published: November 2022

Diese retrospektive Arbeit aus 7 Jahren Schockraumdiagnostik hatte zum Ziel das diagnostische Potential des Glascow Coma Scales (GCS), des Unfallmechanismus, der Unfallschwere und der klinischen Untersuchung in Bezug auf die Indikationsstellung der Ganzkörper-Computertomographie (GKCT) bei polytraumatisierten Kindern zu untersuchen. Dazu wurden 100 Kinder, die in dem Zeitraum zwischen Juli 2007 und November 2016 einer GKCT unterzogen wurden, strukturell in Bezug auf Alter, Geschlecht, Unfallmechanismus, Unfallschwere, initiale GCS-Werte und bei Aufnahme, Ergebnisse der klinischen Untersuchung und FAST-Sonografie, ISS und Dosimetrie analysiert. Korrelationen zwischen allen klinischen Variablen und detektierter Pathologien in der GKCT wurden berechnet. Das mittlere Alter betrug 9,13 ± 4,4 Jahre (72% männliche und 28% weibliche Patienten). Bei 71% aller Patienten konnten relevante Verletzungen in der GKCT nachgewiesen werden. Mit 43% war der Kopf/Hals-Bereich am häufigsten betroffen. Es zeigte sich keine signifikante Korrelation zwischen dem Unfallmechanismus und der Verletzungsschwere, gemessen anhand des ISS (p>0,1), auch nicht zwischen der Unfallschwere und der Verletzungsschwere. Jedoch erschienen schwere Traumata nach mildem Unfallhergang und ohne Auffälligkeiten in der klinischen Untersuchung unwahrscheinlich. In diesen Fällen sollten selektive CT-Untersuchungen einzelner Körperregionen der GKCT vorgezogen werden, um die Strahlenexposition zu reduzieren. In diesem Zusammenhang zeigte der GCS-Wert bei Aufnahme ein gutes diagnostisches Potential in Bezug auf kraniozerebrale Pathologien. Daher empfehlen wir die Durchführung einer kranialen CT ab einem GCS-Wert von ≤ 13. Bezogen auf andere Körperregionen war der GCS nicht als zuverlässiger Index dienlich. Die Kombination aus Unfallschwere, äußeren Verletzungserscheinungen und dem thorakalen Auskultationsbefund eignete sich am besten zur Identifikation von thorakalen Pathologien. Im Bereich des Abdomens zeigten die Ergebnisse der FAST-Sonografie in Kombination mit muskulärer Abwehrspannung die besten Vorhersagewerte. Keine der getesteten Variablen ergab alleinstehend einen signifikanten Vorhersagewert für die diagnostizierten Pathologien in der GKCT. Auf Grund dessen sollte die Indikation zur GKCT bei polytraumatisierten Kindern stets individuell und anhand der Ergebnisse aller klinischer Variablen und Untersuchungen gestellt werden. Weitere Studien erscheinen sinnvoll, um die Auswirkung der diagnostizierten Pathologien in der GKCT auf das Notfallmanagement, die Interventionsbedürftigkeit und das finale Outcome der Kinder zu untersuchen.
THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES OF ENSURING THE TRANSPARENCY OF FINANCIAL RELATIONS AT DIFFERENT LEVELS OF THE ECONOMIC STRUCTURE
Authors: Zakharkina L. , Chukhno R.
Published: November 2022

One of the key ways to increase the effectiveness of public financial policy is to ensure the necessary degree of publicity and transparency of financial relations at all levels of the economic system. Transparency is an effective tool for preventing negative manifestations and abuses in the financial sphere in both public and corporate and personal finances. The aim of the work is to study the essence and content of the concept of transparency of financial relations at different levels of the economic system and its role in ensuring the financial security of the state. The article analyzes the latest research and publications on the transparency of financial relations and found that modern scholars are focusing their efforts on researching various aspects of this process and the features of ensuring its maximum effectiveness. The definitions of the concept of "transparency", which are present in modern scientific thought both in the general definition and with a focus on the level of public, corporate and personal finance, are considered. It was found that the vast majority of publications focus on the transparency of financial relations at the public and corporate levels, virtually ignoring the level of personal finance, where the need for publicity and transparency is also important. The bibliometric analysis of publications on this topic in the Scopus database showed the presence of close relationships with other economic and financial categories and concepts, which once again confirmed the relevance of these studies. The normative and legal framework formed in Ukraine during the period of independence, which regulates the transparency of financial relations at different levels of the economic system, has been comprehensively studied. It was found that the key legislative acts in this process are the Law of Ukraine "On Openness of Public Funds", the Law of Ukraine "On Accounting and Financial Reporting in Ukraine", the Law of Ukraine "On Prevention of Corruption" and a number of other legal documents. At the same time, despite the constant development of opportunities to ensure the transparency of financial relations in Ukraine, the level of shadowing of the economy and corruption remain quite high, which makes further research in this direction promising.
Culture-dependent evaluation of the respiratory microbiome in children with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Ishchenko Oksana , Koshova Iryna , Krushinska Tetiana , Kolesnikova Iryna , Stepanskyi Dmytro
Published: November 2022

The study aimed to assess the regional peculiarities of the respiratory profile of children with cystic fibrosis (CF) in the Dnipro region (Ukraine).

Methods. Children living in the Dnipro region and aged younger than 18 years old with molecular-genetic confirmation of CF were enrolled in the study. Lung colonization was evaluated using a culture-dependent method. Sputum, mucus from the posterior pharyngeal wall and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were utilized.

Results. The Firmicutes phylum was the most common and occupied 54.00 % of the general proportion. On the other hand, the Proteobacteria phylum demonstrated overexpression in CF airways and kept the second rank with 28.87 %.

Sorensen's species similarity coefficient showed an allied affinity between the microbial burden of oropharyngeal samples with nasopharyngeal and sputum, QS = 0.61 and 0.91, respectively. However, the species composition within the nasal cavity was distinct from sputum and BALF (QS=0.47).

The primary pathogens in childhood were S. aureus, H. influenza, P. aeruginosa and A. fumigatus. In contrast to gram-negative non-fermenters (GNNF), the prevalence of S. aureus isolates by age had a non-linear character. The commensal microbiota changed negatively with age. Among children under 12 years, the Streptococcus genus was identified in 23.08 % of the samples, but among the age category older than 15 – only in 9.22 %.

11.06 % of S. aureus had small colony variants (SCVs) morphotypes. Isolates of P. aeruginosa with the properties of SCVs were also found in children who underwent prolonged antimicrobial treatment. However, the most prominent was the mucoid phenotype – 34.31 % of isolates.

Conclusions. Along with conventional microbiological properties, obligate pathobionts in children with CF exhibited changes, resulting in difficulties in identification. These included auxotrophic modification into SCVs and mucoid transformation.

The culture-dependent technique gives crucial data about the profile of pathogens usually associated with CF, although it is sufficiently limited
Aspects of sexual life that are associated with the occurrence of depressive disorders and autonomic dysfunction among medical students of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya
Authors: Kucherenko Oksana , Chaika Hryhorii
Published: November 2022

Depressive disorders are widespread nowadays. First of all, this was affected by social isolation related to covid-19, and starting from 2022 – the war in our country. Depression and sexual life are connected and important, because a person with a depressive disorder cannot fully live a social and sexual life. As a result, the birth rate in the country and the population in general decreases. Therefore, the issue of studying the occurrence of depressive disorders in young sexually active and inactive people is extremely relevant.

The aim. The main objective of this work was to explore the different areas of sexual life of residents and its association with mental health. Additionally, differences in sexual life and mental health (depression) based on gender were also analyzed.

Materials and methods. An anonymous survey of 506 medical students of NPMMU, V has been conducted using a questionnaire that included 25 questions on various aspects of the sexual life of the respondents. The analysis of the obtained results of the study was carried out on the basis of the computer programme “Statistica 6.1” using nonparametric methods to evaluate obtained results.

The results. We found a statistically significant association between sexual activity and condition of mental health. Results regarding young adults, presented lower levels of sexual satisfaction and greater depression, whereas young women also exhibited higher levels of depression.

Conclusions. Sexual life has a positive effect on the mental and psychological health of respondents. This information should be conveyed to young people.
Eksplorasi Makna Kematian dan Kehidupan Melalui Tafsir Naratif Kisah Lazarus
Authors: Margaret Carmia
Published: November 2022

AbstractWorks of narrative analysis on the Lazarus’s story in the Gospel of John tend to see the progressions of its plots and characters as flat. This paper proposes an improvisation in the narrative approach of Lazarus’s story, which traces plots and characters within the thematic framework of “death” and “life.” Each character in the story experiences its own “death,” namely physical death; death by disbelief in Jesus; or deadly deep sorrow; but then Jesus gave way to “life,” through the promise of the bodily and eternal resurrection, the promise of salvation by faith in His name, and the promise of consolation in deep sorrow.

AbstrakPenelitian-penelitian naratif yang dilakukan terhadap kisah Lazarus dalam Injil Yohanes cenderung memandang datar progresi plot dan tokoh di dalamnya. Makalah ini mengusulkan sebuah improvisasi dalam kritik naratif kisah Lazarus, yaitu menelusuri plot dan tokoh dalam bingkai kerangka tema “kematian” dan “kehidupan.” Setiap tokoh dalam cerita mengalami “kematian” masing-masing, yaitu kematian ragawi; kematian karena ketidak-percayaan kepada Yesus; atau kematian karena dukacita mendalam; tetapi kemudian Yesus memberikan jalan menuju “kehidupan,” melalui janji kebangkitan tubuh dan hidup yang kekal, janji keselamatan oleh iman dalam nama-Nya, dan janji belarasa dalam dukacita.
Arketipe Kepribadian Naomi: Suatu Kajian Psikoanalitikal Carl Gustav Jung
Authors: Kasemetan Feliana Eliza , Ranimpi Yulius Yusak , Rungkat Merry Kristina
Published: November 2022

AbstractNaomi is one of the characters in the book of Ruth who experiences many challenges. The death of her husband and two sons left Naomi as a widow. Naomi has to survive with the status as a widow who haslimitations in social circles. This paper aims to analyze and describe Naomi’s personality archetypes using Jung’s psychoanalytic studies. The method used is descriptive analytic which is traced through historical traces, characterizations and conversations in the story. The results of the study prove that Naomi is able to survive and has the support of the archetypes contained within her. The archetypes are: anima-animus, shadow, persona, self, and the great mother. With the support of archetypes, Naomi is able to survive and show her bestqualities. 

AbstrakNaomi adalah salah satu tokoh dalam kitab Rut yang mengalami banyak tantangan. Kematian suami dan kedua putra membuat Naomi hidup menjanda. Naomi harus bertahan hidup dengan status janda yang memiliki keterbatasan dalam lingkungan sosial. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan mendeskripsikan arketipe kepribadian Naomi menggunakan kajian psikoanalitikal Jung. Metode yang dipakai adalah deskriptif analitik yang ditelusuri melalui jejak historis, penokohan dan percakapan dalam cerita. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa Naomi mampu bertahan hidup dan mendapat dukungan dari arketipe yang terdapat dalam dirinya. Arketipe tersebut adalah: animus (pikiran), shadow (bayangan), persona (topeng), self (diri), dan the great mother (ibu agung). Adanya dukungan dari arketipe membuat Naomi mampu bertahan hidup dan menunjukkan kualitas terbaik dirinya.
Teo Ekologi Kontekstual dalam Titik Temu antara Kejadian 1:26-31 dengan Konsep Sangkan Paraning Dumadi dalam Budaya Jawa
Authors: Panjaitan Firman
Published: November 2022

AbstractThis article supports the criticism of anthropocentrism as a factor in the environmental crisis. Using the cross-textual reading method, especially looking for similarities between the two texts in a balanced comparison, this study demonstrates the integration of humans and nonhuman creatures in the community of God. References for this thought are found in Genesis 1:26-31 and the Javanese philosophy of Sangkan Paraning Dumadi, a concept about cosmic consciousness asserting that God, human being and nature are one entity. This study attempts to build a contextual theo-ecology by examining the two texts equally. This resulted in a theological awareness that degrades anthropocentrism and replaces it with cosmocentrism emphasizing the unity of humans and non-humans as mutually sustaining God’s creatures.

AbstrakArtikel ini mendukung kritik terhadap antroposentrisme sebagai faktor penyebab krisis lingkungan. Menggunakan metode pembacaan lintas tekstual, khususnya mencari kesamaan kedua teks dalam perbandingan yang seimbang, artikel ini memperlihatkan bahwa manusia dan alam tergabung dalam komunitas Allah. Acuan dari pemikiran ini terdapat dalam Kejadian 1:26-31 dan filosofi Sangkan Paraning Dumadi, sebuah konsep tentang kesadaran kosmik yang menegaskan bahwa Allah, manusia dan alam adalah satu kesatuan. Melalui penelitian dua teks secara berimbang, artikel ini berupaya untuk membangun sebuah teoekologi kontekstual. Hasilnya adalah kesadaran teologis yang mendegradasi antroposentrisme dan menggantikannya dengan kosmosentrisme, yang menekankan kesatuan manusia dan alam sebagai ciptaan Allah yang saling melestarikan.
Determinants of non-performing financing in Indonesian Islamic banks: A regional and sectoral analysis
Authors: Fakhrunnas Faaza , Dwi Astuti Riska , Bekti Hendrie Anto Mohammad
Published: November 2022

This study examines the determinants of Islamic banks’ non-performing financing from the perspective of regional and sectoral aspects during the periods before and during the pandemic. The study adopts a dynamic panel data analysis, namely the Generalized Method of Moments, and assesses panel data from the Indonesian banking industry in 32 provinces from October 2018 to July 2021 on a monthly basis. The study uses non-performing financing as the dependent variable and regional inflation, total financing, financing to deposit ratio, and Islamic bank size as the dependent variables. The findings indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic generally influenced the performance of non-performing financing in Islamic banks. This was evident in the significant relationship between regional inflation, total financing, financing to deposit ratio, and the non-performing financing value. Moreover, in the sectoral analysis, a different level of impact was observed in each sector. The most severe impact was seen in the construction sector, while other sectors were less affected during the pandemic. The regional analysis shows that all provinces on Java Island, as the epicenter of the pandemic in Indonesia, did not perform better than the provinces outside Java. Concerning policy implications, the Indonesian Financial Services Authority must be more aware of the determinants of Islamic banks’ non-performing financing by considering sectoral and regional aspects. Furthermore, sectoral and regional-based policies should be developed to achieve and maintain the performance of Islamic banks’ non-performing financing.
Acknowledgments We are grateful to the Pusat Pengembangan Ekonomi (PPE), Faculty of Business and Economics, Universitas Islam Indonesia No. 259/KajurIE/XII/2021 for support and providing a research grant for the study
Photocatalysis coupled with adsorption of AC@Ni0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4 in peroxydisulfate assisted system efficiently enhance ciprofloxacin removal
Authors: Wang Bo , Cao Xuan , Li Shifeng , Yao Shuhua , Wang Haibo
Published: November 2022

Nickle-copper ferrite (Ni0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4) supported on activated carbon (AC) (AC@Ni0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4) was synthesized and used as adsorbent, photocatalyst, and activator of peroxydisulfate (PDS) to realize the removal of ciprofloxacin (CIP). AC@Ni0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4 properties were characterized by scanning electron microscope equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm plot of Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). A rapid removal rate (94.30%) of CIP was achieved on AC@Ni0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4/PDS/UV system with the condition of catalyst dosage 0.30 g/L, initial pH 7.3, PDS addition 0.20 mM, CIP concentration 10 mg/L (200 mL), UV 28 W, in 30 min. Free radical quenching experiments indicate that reactive species of superoxide (·O2−), holes (h+), sulfate radicals (SO4−·) and hydroxyl radicals (·OH) were produced and all worked. The reusability test demonstrated that AC@Ni0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4 could be recycled five times with minimal performance reduction for the removal of CIP. The XRD and SEM of the after used AC@Ni0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4 did not change significantly, which further showed its stability and recyclability. This work might provide new insight into the application of AC@Ni0.5Cu0.5Fe2O4 in photocatalysis coupled with adsorption in peroxydisulfate assisted system and has high potential in CIP removal.
Bacteriophages Concept and Applications: A Review on Phage Therapy
Authors: Singh Kuldeep , Kumar Pradeep , Sahu Rasti , Singh Ankit Kumar , Kumar Adarsh
Published: November 2022

The nature of phages was a matter of dispute, which was resolved in 1940, and it was
continued to develop their activity and application in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe. Bacteriophages
were first employed in 1919 to treat bacterial illnesses caused by Citrobacter, Enterobacter,
and Pseudomonas.

:

Bacteriophages range in complexity from simple spherical viruses with genome sizes of less than 5 kbp to
complicated viruses with genome sizes surpassing 280 kbp. They have two significant parts, head and tail,
and are made up of numerous copies of more than 40 distinct proteins. Bacteriophages have been demonstrated
to bind with receptors in the walls of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, ranging from
peptide sequences to polysaccharide moieties. Depending on the type of phage and the physiological state
of the bacterium, the life cycle may diverge into the lytic cycle or lysogenic cycle. Lytic-lysogenic switch
depends on a variety of inducing factors.

:

Bacteriophage therapy can be administered via several routes, but parenteral routes are the most effective.
Auto-dosing, single-dose potential, lack of cross-resistance with antibiotics, etc., are several advantages
of phage therapy over antibiotic treatment. Bacteriophages are attracting much attention because
of their potential advantages and wide applications as antibacterial agents, diagnostic technologies,
phage-based products, and biocontrol agents. They also have several applications in the food
industry, agriculture/crop, farm animal and bee protection, environmental, and biosensor development.
Recent Developments and Challenges in the Application of Fungal Laccase
for the Biodegradation of Textile Dye Pollutants
Authors: Magalhães Flávia F. , Pereira Ana F. , Cristóvão Raquel O. , Barros Rita A. M. , Faria Joaquim L. , Silva Cláudia G. , Freire Mara G. , Tavares Ana P. M.
Published: November 2022

According to the European Environment Agency, the textile industry is responsible for 20%
of global water pollution due to dyeing and finishing products, thus facing severe environmental challenges.
It is essential to design more biocompatible and sustainable treatment processes capable of
removing dyes from industrial wastewater to fight this environmental hazard. Chemical industries must
change traditional chemical-based concepts to more environmentally friendly and greener processes to
remove pollutants, including dyes. Enzymatic bioremediation is a smart tool and a promising alternative
for environmental pollutant degradation. The use of enzymes in dye decolourization makes the
process a green and clean alternative to conventional chemical treatments. Moreover, enzymemediated
biocatalysis decreases the formation of toxic by-products compared to chemical reactions.
The most used enzyme for the decolourization of dyes is laccase. Laccase is a multicopper oxidase
found in diverse organisms such as fungi. It promotes the oxidation of phenolic compounds and has a
wide range of substrate specificity, making it a promising enzyme for removing different dyes used by
the textile industry, including recalcitrant aromatic dyes. The present article gives a comprehensive
revision of textile dye decolourization, its types, recent developments in laccase-mediated dye bioremediation
technologies, the mechanism of biocatalysis, and their limitations and challenges. Emphasis
on the chemical pathways of laccase reaction mechanisms for dye bioremediation processes is also
provided. In addition, a brief overview of textile industries and the respective traditional treatment processes
for textile wastewater is presented.
Eco-friendly Synthesis of 2-Amino-4H-Chromene Catalysed by HRSPLAE
and Anti-cancer Activity Studies
Authors: Tonape Vasant T. , Kamath Aravind D. , Kamanna Kantharaju
Published: November 2022

Background:

Several types of catalysts have been cited in the literature. However, the current work showed that a multi-component reaction involving aldehydes, malononitrile, and resorcinol or α/β-naphthol could produce 2-amino-4H-chromene in a more environmentally friendly manner. The reaction is optimized by both stirring and microwave methods, but the reaction carried out under microwave irradiation is found to be faster with easy separation of the product with high yield and purity. The catalyst is analyzed for the presence of elemental composition using Flame Photometry (FP) and SEM-EDX. The synthesis of 2-amino-4H-chromenes is catalyzed by the new, green catalyst HRSPLAE (Water Extract of Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis plant dry leaves ash) within 3-5 min. The final product is analyzed by FT-IR, 1H-, 13C-NMR, and mass spectrometry techniques and the product obtained is free from the use of chromatographic separation with isolation and yield of 80–95%. Selected 2-amino-4H-chromene derivatives (4b and 4c) were screened for their anti-cancer and antimicrobial activity in vitro.

Methods:

The agro-waste sourced from Hibiscus rosa-sinensis plant dry leaves ash is utilized for the preparation of HRSPLAE catalyst, which is employed for the synthesis of 2-amino-4H-chromene derivatives under microwave irradiation.

Results:

2-Amino-4H-chromene derivatives were obtained from aromatic aldehyde, malononitrile, and resorcinol or α/β naphthol catalyzed by HRSPLAE. They were comprehensively evaluated using flame emission spectrometry, SEM, and EDX.

Conclusion:

HRSPLAE outperforms expensive catalysts. An efficient simpler workup without column chromatography for increased yield through a new unique green method for the synthesis of 2-amino-4H-chromene derivatives has been developed.