bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The communication of Courts of Accounts and Prosecution Services on social media: the challenges of accountability in the digital democracy
Authors: Viegas Rafael Rodrigues , Abrucio Fernando Luiz , Loureiro Maria Rita Garcia , Teixeira Marco Antonio Carvalho , Borali Natasha
Published: July 2022

Abstract This article deals with the communication of Brazilian Courts of Accounts and Prosecution Services on social media platforms Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram, since the opening of their accounts. The study innovates in the discussion about democratic controls over public administration in the so-called “digital democracy,” focusing on institutional communication of Courts of Accounts and Prosecution Services, showing that controllers also need to be concerned about their transparency and accountability. Having verified that they maintain professional communication departments that operate intensively on social media, with emphasis on the Federal Court of Accounts (TCU) and the Federal Prosecution Service (MPF) on Twitter, the article specifically analyzes the content of the two institutions’ communication in this platform by using the Iramuteq software. Both TCU and MPF kept posting a variety of content on Twitter since first opening their accounts and at important moments in recent political history. The research question addressed was: Does expanding communication channels necessarily mean greater accountability? The study found that these institutions, when communicating with society on social media, did not necessarily respond to the public accountability requirements that democratic theory implies.
Political effects on the discontinuation of participatory budgeting in municipalities
Authors: Azevedo Ricardo Rocha de , Cardoso Ricardo Lopes , Cunha Armando Santos Moreira da , Wampler Brian
Published: July 2022

Abstract The article analyzes the factors associated with the discontinuation of participatory budgeting (PB) in Brazilian municipalities with more than 50,000 inhabitants between 2000 and 2016. We used econometric models to estimate PB’s discontinuation based on political explanatory variables and people’s local participation. The results indicate that discontinuation is associated: (i) positively with the election of a different local government, regardless of the winning party’s ideology; (ii) positively with the election of a local government with a left-wing ideology’; (iii) negatively with the election of a non-left-wing local government; (iv) positively with the election of a left-wing local government replacing another left-wing government. Changes in local government where other non-left-wing parties replace non-left-wing parties had no significant effect on discontinuation. The results contribute to our knowledge by showing the local and contextual factors that explain the discontinuation of participatory budgeting; this should help guide the design of participatory public policies and allow practitioners to reflect on the mechanisms that could be adopted locally to avoid discontinuation. The article also contributes to the literature by demonstrating the association between discontinuation and changes in left-wing local governments, which may prompt future research, given the unexpected result.
Colecistectomias em coorte no sistema público brasileiro: o acesso à laparoscopia é universal após três décadas?
Authors: OLIJNYK JOSÉ GUSTAVO , VALANDRO ISABELLE GARIBALDI , RODRIGUES MARCELA , CZEPIELEWSKI MAURO ANTÔNIO , CAVAZZOLA LEANDRO TOTTI
Published: July 2022

RESUMO Introdução: a videocirurgia no Brasil iniciou em 1990 com a realização da colecistectomia laparoscópica, sendo incluída pelo sistema público de saúde em 2008. Avaliamos a situação atual do emprego desta tecnologia no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Métodos: de 2013 a 2019, 1.406.654 pacientes registrados no Departamento de Informática do SUS (DATASUS) foram analisados para calcular a taxa de colecistectomias laparoscópicas (CL) em relação a colecistectomias abertas (CA). Avaliaram-se características dos pacientes, apresentação da doença e mortalidade pós-operatória. Resultados: a taxa de CL atingiu 41,5%, com crescimento de 68%, sem ocorrer diminuição do número absoluto de CA. Já em Hospitais Universitários (HUs) a taxa de CL chegou a 91,96%. A técnica aberta em urgências esteve mais associada a pacientes masculinos, com 60 anos ou mais, à internação prolongada e em UTI. Aqueles submetidos à CL estiveram menos predispostos à morte pós-operatória, tanto em caráter eletivo (OR 0,49; IC 95% 0,42 - 0,56; NNT = 20) como na urgência (OR 0,23; IC 95% 0,20 - 0,25; NNT ≅ 1), conferindo efeito protetor. Conclusão: apesar do aumento da indicação da CL, a cirurgia aberta durante os anos estudados se manteve estável e a técnica mais utilizada no sistema público de saúde do Brasil. A efetividade de políticas de saúde pública para abreviar a completa implementação da videocirurgia no SUS necessita ser investigada em estudos epidemiológicos futuros, assim como seu impacto na morbimortalidade pós-operatória.
Comportamento no estado fresco e no estado endurecido de argamassas álcali-ativadas à base de cinza volante curadas em temperatura ambiente
Authors: Lima Lucas Pereira , Diógenes Daniel Gomes , Cabral Eduardo Bezerra , Nogueira Ricardo Emílio F.Q. , Costa Heloina Nogueira da
Published: July 2022

RESUMO A aplicação de materiais álcali-ativados em obras de engenharia ainda é limitada, principalmente, porque alguns precursores necessitam de cura térmica para que ocorra a ativação alcalina. Nessa perspectiva, o objetivo desta pesquisa é avaliar o comportamento no estado fresco e no estado endurecido de argamassas álcali-ativadas à base de cinza volante, curadas em temperatura ambiente. Para a produção das argamassas, utilizou-se um ativador alcalino composto de silicato e hidróxido de sódio, variou-se a relação entre solução ativadora e precursor (s/p) em 0,45, 0,55 e 0,65. Os produtos da reação de álcali-ativação foram identificados por espectroscopia de infravermelho (FTIR) e análises térmicas. No estado fresco foram executados os ensaios Flow Table e Squeeze Flow e no estado endurecido foram realizados ensaios de resistência à compressão e resistência à tração na flexão. Os resultados indicam a formação do gel N-A-S-H (aluminossilicato de sódio hidratado) como principal produto de reação. A trabalhabilidade e a resistência mecânica das argamassas álcali-ativadas foram influenciadas pela quantidade de solução alcalina e água adicional. Os resultados foram satisfatórios, registrou-se resistências à tração entre 5,4 MPa e 11,1 MPa e resistências à compressão entre 11,1 MPa e 33,3 MPa, aos 28 dias.
Effect of transcutaneous abdominal electrical stimulation in people with constipation due to spinal cord injuries: a pilot study
Authors: Santos Lívia Tech dos , Matos Gabrielle Silveira Rocha , Nogueira Paula Cristina , Simis Marcel
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effect of abdominal electrical stimulation (EE) on bowel movement frequency and feces consistency and expelled amount in people with constipation due to spinal cord injuries (SCI). Method: This is an experimental, crossover, randomized pilot study with two treatment groups: conventional intestinal rehabilitation and conventional rehabilitation associated with EE via 8- and 20-Hz Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) of the abdominal muscles. Both groups were followed for two weeks with daily 30-minute EE sessions. Participants were hospitalized in a rehabilitation institute in the municipality of São Paulo. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: This study included 10 people with SCI, of which most were male (70%), with a mean age of 39 years (SD = 16.37). EE, associated with conventional treatment, was more effective in increasing defecation frequency (p = 0.029) and amount of feces expelled (p = 0.031). Conclusion: Abdominal EE, associated with conventional treatment, helped to increase defecation frequency and amount of feces expelled in people with constipation due to SCI. This pilot study will serve as the basis for a future clinical trial with greater sampling and statistical evidence.
Estamos Prontos para Novas Tecnologias? A Relação entre os Valores Humanos e a Prontidão à Tecnologia Aplicada ao M-Commerce no Brasil
Authors: Fujihara Ricardo Ken , Montezano Lana , Alfinito Solange
Published: July 2022

Resumo Este estudo descreve a relação entre os valores humanos e a prontidão à tecnologia no mobile commerce ( m-commerce ) brasileiro. O presente estudo consistiu em uma pesquisa online que incluiu o Questionário Revisado do Perfil de Valores (PVQ-R), o Índice de Prontidão à Tecnologia TRI - 2.0 e questões socioeconômicas de todos os estados brasileiros (N=2.171). Nossa modelagem de equações estruturais mostrou que os valores humanos previram a prontidão à tecnologia a atitude e a intenção de compra online pelo celular. A autopromoção e a abertura à mudança influenciaram positivamente o fator condutor de prontidão à tecnologia, enquanto a autotranscendência influenciou negativamente o fator inibidor de tecnologia, tendo a conservação o influenciado positivamente. As contribuições teóricas e gerenciais desenvolveram um modelo conceitual envolvendo valores humanos, prontidão à tecnologia e intenção de compra online via celular. Este estudo pode ajudar no desenvolvimento de políticas públicas relacionadas à segurança da informação, visando aumentar a confiança do consumidor no uso de novas tecnologias no m-commerce .
Feasibility, seasonality and reliability of rainwater harvesting in buildings of a university in Campina Grande, Paraíba
Authors: Silva Maycon Breno Macena da , Brandão Igor Antônio de Paiva , Ribeiro Márcia Maria Rios
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT Urban areas in semi-arid regions are under chronic water stress. In this scenario, expanding water supply with decentralized sources that collaborate with Water-Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) may be relevant, such as rainwater harvesting (RWH) systems. In this respect, this study aimed to analyze the potential for the use of rainwater in public buildings in the Brazilian semi-arid region, integrating three aspects: environmental and economic feasibility, seasonality, and reliability. The results provide substantial evidence on the benefits of using rainwater, both from an environmental and an economic point of view. This use can significantly reduce the annual consumption of water from the public supply, which would reduce the demand from water bodies. It has also been found that there is considerable variation in the potable water savings potential throughout the year; the systems, however, still provide reliability.
Declining Affordability and Home Purchase Borrowing by Lower Income Households
Authors: Ringo Daniel
Published: July 2022

Recent increases in interest rates, combined with the rapid rise in house prices over the past two years, have eroded the affordability of homeownership. This note provides evidence that home purchase borrowing by below-average income households has fallen precipitously in 2022.
The Fed’s Inaugural Conference on the International Roles of the U.S. Dollar
Authors: Correa Ricardo , Goldberg Linda S. , Lerman Robert , Sun Bo
Published: July 2022

The U.S. dollar has played a preeminent role in the global economy since the second World War. It is used as a reserve currency and the currency of denomination for a large fraction of global trade and financial transactions.
Monetary Policy, Inflation Outlook, and Recession Probabilities
Authors: Vazquez-Grande Francisco , Ajello Andrea , Benzoni Luca , Schwinn Makena , Timmer Yannick
Published: July 2022

An inverted yield curve—defined as an episode in which long-maturity Treasury yields fall below their short-maturity counterparts—is a powerful near-term predictor of recessions. While most previous studies focus on the predictive power of the spread between long- and short-maturity Treasury yields, Engstrom and Sharpe (2019) have recently shown that a measure of the nominal near-term forward spread (NTFS), given by the difference between the six-quarter-ahead forward Treasury yield and the current three-month Treasury bill rate, dominates long-term spreads as a leading indicator of economic activity.
Liquidity in the Mortgage Market: How does the COVID-19 Crisis Compare with the Global Financial Crisis?
Authors: Pence Karen M.
Published: July 2022

The liquidity strains that contributed to the meltdown of the mortgage market in the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) re-emerged in the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) Crisis. Some of these strains were acute. For example, the dependence of mortgage real estate investment trusts (REITs) on short-term funding amplified market disruption in March 2020. However, other liquidity pressures had only minor repercussions for the overall mortgage market because of reforms since the GFC, a heavy government presence, and strong house prices. The lackluster performance of the private-label mortgage-backed securities market provides a glimpse of how the market might have performed in the absence of the heavy government presence.
Cost of Banking for LMI and Minority Communities
Authors: Migueis Marco , Suher Michael , Xu Jessie
Published: July 2022

Bank accounts are critical for participation in the modern economy. However, these accounts frequently require maintenance fees and incur overdraft charges. We assess whether minimum account balances to avoid fees, account maintenance fee amounts, and non-sufficient funds charges are systematically different in LMI and majority-minority communities, and find that they are generally higher. For example, the minimum account balance to avoid fees in a non-interest checking account is about $50 higher in LMI Census tracts than in higher income tracts, and $75 higher in majority-minority tracts. Differences in bank fees between LMI, majority-minority, and other communities result from various factors, including bank lending income, bank operating costs, and bank size.
An audit of trauma laparotomy in children and adolescents highlights the role of damage control surgery and the need for a trauma systems approach to injury in this vulnerable population
Authors: Reíd B , Kong V , Xu W , Thirayan V , Cheung C , Rajaretnam N , Manchev V , Bekker W , Bruce J , Laing G , Clarke D
Published: July 2022

BACKGROUND: This study reviews the indications and outcome of emergency laparotomy for paediatric trauma in a South African trauma centre. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of all children less than 18 years of age who underwent an emergency laparotomy for trauma between December 2012 and October 2020 at Grey's Hospital in Pietermaritzburg. RESULTS: During the eight-year period under review, a total of136 children of which 107 were male underwent a laparotomy for trauma. The median age was 14 years. There were 80 (57.1%) blunt mechanisms, and the rest were penetrating mechanisms. A total of 46 (33%) patients required ICU admission. Thirty-four patients developed a complication. These included nine cases of pneumonia, one case of renal failure, two patients developed abdominal collections, three wound-related complications, three neurological complications and one miscellaneous complication. There were seven (5%) deaths. The penetrating cohort were older than the blunt cohort. Solid viscera were more likely to be injured in the blunt cohort and hollow viscera more likely in the penetrating cohort. A total of 16 (11%) patients underwent damage control surgery (DCS). Of this cohort, there were three female children. Six sustained blunt trauma and ten penetrating trauma. A total of six (37%) of these children died. CONCLUSION: Emergency laparotomy for trauma in children is not infrequent in Pietermaritzburg and there is a high incidence of penetrating trauma in this cohort. The response to increased degrees of physiological derangement is the application of DCS. Ongoing efforts to develop and strengthen a paediatric trauma service appear to be justified.
Hacia un modelo explicativo del rendimiento académico: variables orécticas y cognitivas
Authors: González-Primo Francisco , Montes-Álvarez Pelayo , Postigo Álvaro , Menéndez-Aller Álvaro , García-Cueto Eduardo
Published: July 2022

Introducción: Razonamiento, creatividad, apertura, motivación, responsabilidad y neuroticismo son variables que habitualmente se han asociado con el rendimiento académico, sin embargo, apenas existen estudios que examinen conjuntamente los efectos de estos factores. El objetivo fue estudiar algunas de las variables que afectan al rendimiento académico y construir un modelo que las incluya. Método: 281 estudiantes universitarios (M = 21.16; DT = 3.14; 20% hombres) a los que se aplicaron el NEO-FFI, el Factor R del PMA, un test de creatividad y una escala de Motivación de Logro de forma presencial. Resultados: Los instrumentos utilizados obtuvieron unas buenas propiedades psicométricas. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en creatividad en función del sexo y en creatividad y razonamiento en función del tipo de estudios. Se propuso un modelo mediante ecuaciones estructurales para explicar el rendimiento académico. Conclusiones: El rendimiento académico puede explicarse a partir de varias variables: razonamiento, creatividad, apertura, motivación y responsabilidad.
Diagnostics and correction of microcirculation disorders and endothelial dysfunction in complex therapy of acute pancreatitis with antioxidant drugs
Authors: Samartsev Vladimir A. , Gavrilov Vasilii A. , Podtaev Sergei Yu. , Pushkarev Boris S. , Domrachev Andrei A. , Sidorenko Anastasiia Yu.
Published: July 2022

Objective. To assess the efficiency of using polypositional skin thermometry of high resolution with wavelet-analysis of the obtained curve as a screening noninvasive method for diagnostics and correction of microcirculatory disorders and endothelial dysfunction in complex therapy of acute pancreatitis using antioxidant drugs.
Materials and methods. A prospective open randomized study of 30 patients with acute pancreatitis was carried out. The polypositional skin thermometry of high resolution with wavelet-analysis of the obtained curve was chosen as a screening method of diagnostics of microcirculatory disorders and endothelial dysfunction. Measurement of temperature oscillation amplitude with an accuracy to 0,001 С was performed in conditions of skin heating with index finger. The study was implemented before and after calf blood deproteinized hemoderivative infusion.
Results. Reliable changes in skin temperature oscillation of the microcirculatory bed of the skin in the endothelial range on the days 1, 2 and 3 of drug infusion were detected. In the investigated group of patients, the phenomena of transitory organ dysfunction were arrested during 48 hours that proves the presence of pancreatitis of a moderate degree of severity. The temperature oscillation amplitudes of skin in neurogenic range significantly differed by the moment of arresting organ dysfunction.
Conclusions. The method of polypositional skin thermometry of high resolution with wavelet-analysis of the obtained curve can be offered as an instrument for assessment of endothelial dysfunction prior to appearance of clinical manifestations of acute pancreatitis. The calf blood deproteinized hemoderivative infusions applied as a metabolic therapy positively influence the endothelial dysfunction in acute pancreatitis of a moderate degree of severity.
Potential risk factors of atrial fibrillation recurrence after cryoballoon ablation
Authors: Novikov I. A. , Novikov P. S. , Mironov N. U. , Layovich L. Yu. , Malkina T. A. , Shariya M. A. , Sokolov S. F. , Maykov E. B.
Published: July 2022

Aim      To identify risk factors for recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) following cryoballoon ablation (CBA).

Material and methods  This prospective study included patients with paroxysmal AF who had undergone CBA (141 patients, median age 60 years, 3% men). The evaluation prior to CBA included clinical instrumental parameters (electrocardiography (ECG), 24-h ECG monitoring, echocardiography, contrast-enhanced cardiac multispiral computed tomography). Also, possible intraoperative indexes that could affect the CBA effectivity, were evaluated. The postoperative follow-up duration was 12 months. Effectivity was assessed during in-person visits at 3, 6, and 12 months, when questioning of patients and 24-h ECG monitoring were performed. CBA was considered ineffective if the patient had recurrences of any atrial tachyarrhythmia longer than 30 sec after the end of the 3-month “blind” period.

Results During the 12-month follow-up, recurrences of atrial tachyarrhythmia were observed in 46 (32.6 %) patients. Patients with ineffective CBA more frequently had AF during the first 3 months (71.7 % vs. 11.6 %; р<0.001). Such patients had a history of multiple ineffective treatments with antiarrhythmic drugs (AAD), common pulmonary venous (PV) collector (41.3 % vs. 20.0 %; р=0.008), and stroke/recurrent ischemic attacks (15.2 % vs. 5.2 %; р=0.047). Multifactorial regression analysis showed that the factors of AF recurrence included common PV collector (relative risk (RR) 2.35; 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.29–4.25; р=0.005), multiple ineffective AADs (RR 1.42; 95 % CI 1.08–1.86; р=0.011), and early AF recurrence (RR 7.57; 95 % CI 3.84–14.90; р<0.001).

Conclusion      Common PV collector and multiple ineffective AADs are risk factors of ineffective CBA. Early recurrences during the first 3 postoperative months are a significant risk factor of long-term AF recurrences.
Correlations between vessel stiffness and biomarkers of senescent cell in elderly patients
Authors: Sorokina A. G. , Efimenko A. Yu. , Grigorieva O. A. , Novoseletskaya E. S. , Basalova N. A. , Aleksandrushkina N. A. , Vigovskiy M. A. , Kirillova K. I. , Strazhesko I. D. , Orlov A. V. , Balatskiy A. V. , Samokhodskaya L. М. , Danilova N. V. , Dychkova U. D. , Akopyan A. A. , Kakotkin V. V. , Asratyan D. A. , Akopyan Z. A. , Orlova Ya. A.
Published: July 2022

Aim    To study the association between vascular wall stiffness and known markers for accumulation of senescent cells in blood, cells, and tissues of old patients.Material and methods    This study included male and female patients aged 65 years and older who were referred to an elective surgical intervention, that included a surgical incision in the area of the anterior abdominal wall or large joints and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. For all patients, traditional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and arterial wall stiffness (pulse wave velocity, PWV) were evaluated. Also, biomaterials (peripheral blood, skin, subcutaneous adipose tissue) were collected during the surgery and were used for isolation of several cell types and subsequent histological analysis to determine various markers of senescent cells.Results    The study included 80 patients aged 65 to 90 years. The correlation analysis identified the most significant indexes that reflected the accumulation of senescent cells at the systemic, tissue, and cellular levels (r>0.3, р<0.05) and showed positive and negative correlations with PWV. The following blood plasma factors were selected as the markers of ageing: insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21), and vascular endothelium adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1). A significant negative correlation between PWV and IGF-1 concentration was found. Among the tissue markers, P16INK, the key marker for tissue accumulation of senescent cells, predictably showed a positive correlation (r=0.394, p<0.05). A medium-strength correlation with parameters of the 96-h increment of mesenchymal stromal cells and fibroblasts and a weak correlation with IL-6 as a SASP (specific senescent-associated secretory phenotype) were noted. Results of the multifactorial linear regression analysis showed that the blood plasma marker, VCAM-1, and the cell marker, 96-h increment of fibroblasts, were associated with PWV regardless of the patient’s age.Conclusion    Stiffness of great arteries as measured by PWV significantly correlates with a number of plasma, tissue, and cellular markers for accumulation of senescent cells. This fact suggests PWV as a candidate for inclusion in the panel of parameters for evaluation and monitoring of the biological age during the senolytic therapy.
Coenzyme Q-10 in the treatment of patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Mareev V. Yu. , Mareev Yu. V. , Begrambekova Yu. L.
Published: July 2022

Aim    The aim of the study was evaluation of the effect of the coenzyme Q10 (Q10) treatment on all-cause and cardiovascular mortality of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Q-10 increases the electron transfer in the mitochondrial respiratory chain and exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. These effects improve the endothelial function and reduce afterload, which facilitates the heart pumping function. Patients with reduced left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) (CHFrEF) have low Q10.Material and methods    Criteria of inclusion in the meta-analysis: 1) placebo-controlled studies; 2) enrollment of at least 100 patients; 3) publications after 2010, which implies an optimal basic therapy for CHF; 4) duration of at least 6 months; 5) reported cardiovascular and/or all-cause mortality; 6) using sufficient doses of Q10 (>100 mg/day). The search was performed in CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, E-library, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases. All-cause mortality was the primary efficacy endpoint in this systematic review and the meta-analysis. The secondary endpoint was cardiovascular mortality. Meta-analysis was performed according to the Mantel-Haenszel methods. The Cochrane criterion (I2) was used for evaluation of statistical heterogeneity. The random effects model was used at I2≥50 %, whereas the fixed effects model was used at I2<50.Results    Analysis of studies published from 01.01.2011 to 01.12.2021 identified 357 publications, 23 of which corresponded to the study topic, but only 6 (providing results of four randomized clinical trials, RCT) completely met the predefined criteria. The final analysis included results of managing 1139 patients (586 received Q10 and 553 received placebo). Risk of all-cause death was analyzed by data of four RCTs (1139 patients). The decrease in the risk associated with the Q10 treatment was 36 % (OR=0.64, 95 % CI 0.48–0.87, р=0.004). The heterogeneity of studies was low (Chi2=0.84; p=0.84; I2=0 %). Risk of cardiovascular mortality was analyzed by data of two RCTs (863 patients). The decrease in the risk associated with the Q10 treatment was significant, 55% (OR=0.45, 95 % CI: 0.32–0.64, р=0.00001). In this case, the data heterogeneity was also low (Chi2=0.41; p=0.52; I2=0 %).Conclusion    The meta-analysis confirmed the beneficial effect of coenzyme Q10 on the prognosis of patients with CHFrEF receiving the recommended basic therapy.
Inclisiran – a new era in lipid-lowering therapy
Authors: Voevoda M. I. , Gurevich V. S. , Ezhov M. V. , Sergienko I. V.
Published: July 2022

Inclisiran is a novel hypolipidemic drug that inhibits synthesis of the PCSK9 protein through the process called RNA interference. Inclisiran is a double-stranded, modified RNA bound to the N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) carbohydrate molecule, a ligand of the acialoglycoprotein receptor, that is expressed by hepatocytes. After entering hepatocytes, inclisiran cleaves matrix RNA and, thereby, reduces the PCSK9 protein synthesis. This, in turn, enhances the uptake of circulating low-density lipoproteins (LDL) by specific receptors on hepatocytes, thereby lowering LDL levels in circulation. Efficacy and safety of inclisiran for lowering LDL cholesterol (C) in blood and its effect on the risk of clinical complications of atherosclerosis have been studied in the ORION program that includes multiple clinical trials. According to results of this program, inclisiran effectively reduces both LDL-C levels and the incidence of cardiovascular complications in the absence of clinically significant adverse reactions. An important advantage of inclisiran compared with other lipid-lowering drugs is the administration schedule (twice a year), which allows a considerable improvement of patients’ compliance with the treatment and also of the effectiveness of the hypolipidemic treatment.
Federal guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Chuchalin A. G. , Avdeev S. N. , Aisanov Z. R. , Belevskiy A. S. , Leshchenko I. V. , Ovcharenko S. I. , Shmelev E. I.
Published: July 2022

Currently, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a global health issue and one of the leading causes of death in the world. COPD therapy includes pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches that can significantly improve clinical symptoms and reduce frequency of exacerbations of the disease.

Methodology. The target audience of these clinical recommendations are therapists, general practitioners, and pulmonologists. Each thesis-recommendation about diagnostic and therapeutic procedures was graded according to the scales of classes of recommendations from 1 to 5 and the A, B, C scale of the levels of evidence. The clinical recommendations also contain comments and explanations to the theses together with algorithms for the diagnosis and treatment of COPD.

Conclusion. The presented clinical guidelines cover the latest information about the etiology and pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. These guidelines were approved by the Scientific and Practical Council of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation in 2021.
Design of a Photovoltaic System to Partially Supply Electrical Energy to a Residential Complex Located South of Bogotá, Colombi
Authors: Saavedra Deiver
Published: July 2022

The Torres de Bellavista residential complex has 1,500 apartments, distributed in five towers of thirty floors each, a nine-story building for approximately 750 parking spaces and other community infrastructure. Given the dimensions of this set, it is presumed that electricity consumption entails high economic and environmental costs, so one way to solve this cost is the use of alternative, non-conventional methods of electricity generation, for this reason, it is proposed to design a photovoltaic system that allows partial supply of electricity to the common and administrative areas of the residential complex. The calculations of the components of the photovoltaic system were carried out using the methodology of the worst month, which consists of finding the month in which the relationship between solar irradiation and electricity consumption makes it more difficult to satisfy the energy demand; When making the design under these conditions, it will be guaranteed that the rest of the year an electricity supply greater than the month of the calculations will be achieved. This methodology made it possible to demonstrate that, with the installation of 100 photovoltaic solar panels distributed on the roofs of the 5 towers and connected to the supply network, it is possible to satisfy up to 27% of the energy demand of the common areas. To achieve the objective of this proposal, an initial investment of COP 220,453,967 must be made, of which 50% must be financed by a bank. However, the investment can be recovered between 5 and 6 years after implementation, starting to generate returns for the rest of the estimated useful life of 25 years. The benefits of implementing this proposal are not only economic but also environmental, since it manages to reduce Greenhouse Gas-GHG emissions by 37.07 tCO2e for the first year of implementation.
A cross-sectional study to analysis perception of threat COVID 19 among doctors, nursing staff and medical technicians working at tertiary care canter during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Chouhan Vijay , Chaturvedi Manish , Narayan Parmar , Sharma Rahul
Published: July 2022

Front line healthcare workers are the primary section in contact with patients and are an important source of exposure to the infected cases in the healthcare settings, thus expected to be at a high risk of infections. Lack of knowledge for a new disease’ infection, or pandemic among health care personnel may result in form of delayed treatment and rapid spirit of infection.

: The study amid to find out the perfection of health care providers about COVID-19 the objectives of our study are to identify the perceived levels of stress and anxiety in the confined population to determine the experiences and psychosocial problems health care providers and to provide health education messages while taking part in the study.

This is a cross-sectional study conducted on 100 frontline health care workers that include Doctors, nurses, and clinical technicians in all departments who work in Covid dedicated hospital and covid dedicated health care center at government medical college Ratlam. The survey instrument constituted a Semi-structured pre-tested 27-close ended questionnaire. The 27-item questionnaire was divided into two sections (1) baseline sociodemographic information (20 items) (2) perceptions of the threat of COVID-19 (7 items 5 statements/5-point Likert scales.

In this study total of 118 health care providers/workers (HCWs) participated, 100 of whom completed the study questionnaire including 16 females and 84 men. The age of participants ranges from 20-to 50 years. After analysis of a total of seven-factor for perception to covid, we found that health care workers experienced different levels of psychological stress and anxiety.

Government higher authority and policymakers should keep point in their mind that pandemics/outbreaks lead to stress, anxiety and depression among health care workers hence policymakers will need to develop a well-integrated administrative and psychological response to the occupational along with psychological challenges that are caused by future pandemic/outbreaks of this nature, to maintain better patient wellbeing.
A study to observe the effectiveness of 10 days of Yoga program on reaction time and student’s perception of the introduction of Yoga training in the MBBS course curriculum
Authors: Goothy Sai Sailesh Kumar , Choudhary Anita , Rathore Siddharth , Mahadik Vijay Khanderao
Published: July 2022

Yoga was introduced to the MBBS curriculum on 12 June 2022. There is a need to obtain the perceptions of the students about this introduction of yoga training in their curriculum.

The present study was undertaken to observe the effectiveness of 10 days of the Yoga program on reaction time and to obtain the perceptions of first-year MBBS students about the introduction of Yoga training in the MBBS course curriculum.

A total of 150 first-year MBBS students studying at R.D. Gardi Medical College were part of the study after obtaining the voluntary, written, informed consent. Willing participants who practiced yoga for 10 days as per the protocol of NMC were recruited in the present study. The common protocol for Yoga was prepared by the Morarji Desai Institute of Yoga under the Ministry of Ayush. Auditory reaction time for high and low pitch sounds, and visual reaction time for red and green light were recorded using the RT apparatus for research manufactured by Anand Agencies, Pune. Both right-hand and left-hand responses were recorded. A standard questionnaire was used to record the perceptions of the students about the introduction of Yoga training in the MBBS course curriculum.

Both auditory and visual reaction times were decreased followed by the yoga program. The majority of the students agreed that yoga offers multiple beneficial effects. The majority of the students agreed that yoga practice has many psychological benefits. The majority of the students agreed that the overall effect of yoga was much beneficial. The majority of the students reported that major barriers were lack of motivation and lack of time for yoga. The majority of students agreed positively that the inclusion of yoga in the curriculum was beneficial to them.

The present study results explained that there was a decrease in the reaction time followed by yoga practice. The majority of students invited the move by the apex body incorporating Yoga in the curriculum.
Comparing and analysing working memory and its adjustments with classical instrumental background music in adolescents of diverse ethical origin – An RCT
Authors: Herlekar Shantala Shripad
Published: July 2022

Students use variety of music while studying. The aim was to analyse effect of instrumental, background music on working memory in medical students of Indian and Malaysian origin.

Age and gender matched 120 1st-year MBBS students (60 Indian and 60 Malaysian), were randomised into music and control groups equally. Music used was non vocal flute, raga malkauns. After 5 min of music/rest, working memory was assessed using Rey-Ostherrieth-complex-figure-test (ROCF). After another concentration task(SDMT) and a gap of 25min, recall of figure was assessed. Copy and recall figures were scored for 36 points.(significant p value<0.05).

There was no statistical difference between copy and recall score of ROCF when compared between music and control group of both ethnicities (p=0.223). Malaysian students performed significantly better in copy and recall score compared to Indian students.

Instrumental music does not seem to influence working memory, but it does not hamper it too. As a diverse population, Malaysian students are bestowed with efficient working memory than Indian students. Music has no differential influence on the working memory of the two ethnic groups. Students can be advised to use instrumental music, preferably of raga Malkauns, in background while studying which will not hamper their retention.
Novel innervation of accessory slip of lateral head of gastrocnemius muscle
Authors: Muthiyan Gayatri , Kasat Payal Arvind , Tarnekar Aaditya , Sontakke Bharat , Deshmukh Vishwajit , Arivalagan Arunkumar
Published: July 2022

The two heads of the gastrocnemius muscle, as well as the plantaris and soleus muscles, forms the superficial muscular group in the posterior compartment of the leg. The incidental occurrence of accessory slip of the lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle in the right lower limb, innervated by a twig from the common peroneal nerve, is described in this report. We identified an anomalous 8 cm long muscle in the right popliteal fossa during standard academic dissection of a male corpse at the Department of Anatomy. It was attached to the lateral side of the femur's popliteal surface proximally and joined the lateral head of the gastrocnemius distally. In the left lower limb, no similar variation was observed.
Estratégias pedagógicas no atendimento educacional especializado no ensino superior: um estudo comparado
Authors: Matos Ana Angelica Martins , Abrantes dos Anjos Rita De Cássia Araújo , De Oliveira Renato Brito , Guimarães Santos Soraya Dayanna
Published: July 2022

A partir da década de 90, os direitos sociais e educacionais de pessoas com deficiência têm sido representativos no cenário nacional e internacional. Nessa conjuntura, a proposta de uma educação inclusiva é cada vez mais recorrente na agenda das políticas públicas e presença constante nas discussões educacionais, articulando-se, principalmente, aos direitos humanos e a democracia. Considerando as contribuições da proposta da inclusão na educação superior, esta pesquisa teve o objetivo de investigar as estratégias realizadas pelos núcleos de acessibilidade e inclusão para a permanência de alunos com deficiência nas universidades, focalizando a oferta do Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE). Foram abordadas questões sobre os dados mais recentes da Educação Especial no ensino superior e realizado um estudo comparado, de caráter qualitativo, com descrição e análise de documentos e práticas organizacionais em duas universidades privadas (Alfa e Beta) de duas diferentes regiões do país .Os resultados evidenciaram que as ações desenvolvidas nas universidades apontam para a necessidade de fomentar uma atitude inclusiva, a qual precisa ser construída com reflexão coletiva de todos os envolvidos. A Universidade Alfa se destacou nas estratégias pedagógicas de atendimento individualizado ao estudante e tecnologias assistivas, enquanto na Universidade Beta há maior predominância de recursos, formação e suporte pedagógico ao docente. O estudo ressalta a importância dos Núcleos de Acessibilidade para a inclusão de estudantes com deficiência no ensino superior.
Percepção do Conceito de Plágio no curso de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade de Brasília
Authors: Ferreira Gomes Pedro Henrique De Siqueira , De Menezes Joao Paulo Cunha
Published: July 2022

Este trabalho consiste em uma pesquisa exploratória, buscando compreender a percepção de plágio acadêmico sob a ótica de discentes e docentes do curso de graduação em Ciências Biológicas da Universidade de Brasília. Para o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa foram elaborados e aplicados questionários com 144 estudantes de graduação e 9 professores do referido curso. As respostas obtidas foram sistematizadas e categorizadas segundo análise de conteúdo proposto por Bardin Os resultados indicam que os discentes sabem identificar condutas antiéticas no ambiente acadêmico, mas que, muitas vezes cometem tais práticas mesmo assim. Apontam, ainda, que os estudantes não possuem um conceito totalmente formado sobre plágio, nem sabem diferenciar formas de plágios, embora cursem disciplinas obrigatórias que abordem o assunto ao longo da graduação. Em relação aos professores, estes demonstram desconhecimento de documentos oficiais da UnB sobre má conduta científica. Tendem a falar sobre valores éticos e morais, ou sobre má conduta científica nas disciplinas que lecionam e, os que observam casos de plágio entre os alunos, relatam que esses são principalmente relacionados com cópia de partes de artigos. Dessa forma, observa-se que a prática de plágio é discutida ao longo do curso de graduação em Ciências Biológicas da UnB, entretanto é necessário realizar aprofundamento nessa discussão e buscar esclarecer as medidas a serem adotadas para evitar que essa prática se perpetue.
Matventura: jogo educativo para o ensino de matemática
Authors: Aguiar Giancarlo De França , Aguiar Bárbara De Cassia Xavier Cassins , Lebedieff Laura , Rodriguês Camila , Berchol Jonas
Published: July 2022

Este texto expõe reflexões sobre a utilização de jogos educativos no processo de ensino e aprendizagem, assim como, descreve o estudo e desenvolvimento de um jogo educacional chamado Matventura. O Jogo foi idealizado por estudantes do ensino técnico integrado do Instituto Federal do Paraná em colaboração com estudantes de graduação da Universidade Federal do Paraná. O game objetiva contribuir com o processo de aprendizagem de um conjunto de conteúdos de Matemática, de forma lúdica, interativa e participativa dos jogadores. Sua característica é reforçar/revisar tópicos fundamentais nas séries iniciais da educação secundarista. A utilização de jogos na educação é um campo criativo e recheado de significado, podendo potencializar de forma significativa o conhecimento através do espaço virtual. Tal ambiente pode capacitar os interessados a repensarem e construírem novos saberes, além de dar novos sentidos a muitos conceitos que, em geral, são abstratos para os ingressantes das séries iniciais do ensino médio.
As engenheiras civis na docência: um estudo de caso na UDESC
Authors: Pereira Manske Luisa , Inácio Myrrena
Published: July 2022

Apesar do aumento da participação feminina nas engenharias, a docência permanece como um campo predominantemente masculino. Neste artigo, objetivou-se investigar a participação feminina na docência de Engenharia Civil a partir do estudo de caso do Departamento de Engenharia Civil (DEC) da Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Campus Joinville. Foram analisados os dados referentes à distribuição de gênero nos departamentos das engenharias Civil, Elétrica, Mecânica e de Produção e Sistemas do Campus e ao perfil dos engenheiros e engenheiras civis docentes do DEC. Constatou-se que o curso de Engenharia Civil se destaca em termos de participação feminina em relação ao apresentado na literatura e à própria situação dos outros três cursos de engenharia no Centro de Ciências Tecnológicas (CCT). Dois departamentos – engenharias Elétrica e Mecânica – ainda possuem uma participação feminina abaixo de 10% de seus corpos docentes. Em especial, o DEC apresenta uma participação ativa das mulheres em termos de Dedicação Integral e em atividades administrativas e uma diminuição da participação masculina nas mesmas atividades. Dessa forma, é necessário que a docência seja vista como oportunidade de atuação para engenheiros e engenheiras civis, visando maior equidade, de forma que o crescimento do número de mulheres nesta carreira não seja por motivos de desinteresse por parte dos homens, culminando em mais um espaço de desigualdade de gênero.
Qualificação da aprendizagem no curso de Direito pela devolutiva da avaliação
Authors: De Oliveira Adival Aparecido , Caliatto Susana Gakyia
Published: July 2022

O estudo analisa, a devolutiva da avaliação aos estudantes de um curso de Bacharelado em Direito de uma instituição de ensino superior privada do interior do Estado de São Paulo. O objetivo foi investigar se a devolutiva é esclarecedora aos estudantes e lhes proporciona alguma qualificação na aprendizagem. Os resultados apontam que a devolutiva da avaliação da aprendizagem é benéfica e, por conseguinte, cooperadora no aprendizado, pois os participantes mencionaram estar satisfeitos com os feedbacks que recebem de seus professores, os quais são acessíveis quando fazem devolutivas. Assim sendo, sugere-se que a devolutiva, melhora o conhecimento sobre o conteúdo e permite retomar e compreender o que foi ensinado, qualificando a aprendizagem em sala de aula.
Ensino de Química, Tecnologias Digitais e Metodologias Ativas: uma experiência na formação inicial de professores
Authors: De Souza Reis Iago , Dias de Oliveira Brito Waldriléria , Salarolli Ruis Larissa
Published: July 2022

O presente artigo foi desenvolvido com base nos trabalhos realizados na disciplina Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação na Educação, ministrada durante o primeiro semestre de 2018, no curso de Licenciatura em Química da Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF). Este artigo tem como objetivo, apresentar o desenvolvimento de propostas pedagógicas a partir do uso integrado de tecnologias digitais e metodologias ativas, a fim de refletir sobre as potencialidades e peculiaridades que tais possibilidades oferecem para o ensino de Química. Em relação à natureza metodológica, este trabalho se classifica como um estudo descritivo do tipo relato de experiência, sendo realizado a partir das inferências de dois licenciandos matriculados na referida disciplina. Como resultado de tal experiência, as atividades propostas, denominadas desafios, foram registradas em portfólios digitais por meio do Google Sites. Tal experimentação possibilitou aos licenciandos a ampliação do entendimento sobre metodologias ativas e desenvolvimento teórico e prático sobre o uso de diferentes tecnologias digitais, indicando assim, suas contribuições positivas para a construção de habilidades e competências que fundamentam o saber-fazer docente.