bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KLASTERISASI CALON MAHASISWA BARU MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA K-MEANS
Authors: Sucipto Adi
Published: March 2021

Teknologi Informasi berkembang dengan pesat dan penggunaannya juga semakin luas. Pengolahan data hingga pengambilan keputusan dapat dilakukan dengan bantuan perangkat Teknologi Informasi. Demikian juga dengan pengambilan keputusan untuk penerimaan mahasiswa baru. Sistem seleksi penerimaan mahasiswa baru di STMM menggunakan 2 (dua) jenis ujian yaitu CBT (Computer Based Test) dan wawancara yang dilaksanakan pada hari yang sama. Seleksi dengan menggabungkan 2 (dua) nilai tersebut dengan prosentase tertentu, sehingga didapatkan rangking calon mahasiswa baru. Berdasar pada permasalahan tersebut penulis pada kesempatan ini akan membuat klasterisasi data calon mahasiswa baru tersebut berdasar nilai CBT dan wawancara menggunakan algoritma K-Means. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola pengelompokan nilai CBT dan wawancara calon mahasiswa baru STMM Yogyakarta. Hasilnya Ada empat klaster, klaster pertama dengan anggota sebanyak 1059 data calon mahasiswa, terdapat 132 yang lolos seleksi atau 22,147% dari total lulus. Kemudian pada klaster kedua, dari 424 anggota terdapat 12 yang lolos seleksi atau sekitar 2% dari total lulus. Kemudian pada klaster ketiga, dari 659 anggota terdapat 447 yang lolos seleksi atau 75% dari total lulus . Dan pada klaster keempat, dari 547 anggota hanya 5 yang lolos seleksi atau 0,8% dari total lulus.
ANALISIS PENGALAMAN PENGGUNA PADA WEBSITE PROGRAM STUDI DESAIN KOMUNIKASI VISUAL UNIVERSITAS DIAN NUSWANTORO
Authors: Ihya'ulumuddin Dimas Irawan , Sulistiyawati Puri
Published: March 2021

Website merupakan media yang kini banyak digunakan untuk mendapatkan informasi melalui jaringan internet. Sebagai program studi dibidang seni dan desain, DKV Udinus (Desain Komunikasi Visual Universitas Dian Nuswantoro) menggunakan website sebagai media pendukung untuk menyampaikan informasi kepada mahasiswa mengenai profil jurusan, kurikulum, portofolio karya, kegiatan mahasiswa seperti pameran, sampai dengan alumni. Namun, selama ini belum pernah dilakukan evaluasi sehingga tidak dapat dilakukan pengukuran apakah website DKV sudah memenuhi aspek usability bagi pengguna. Oleh sebab itu dalam penelitian ini dilakukan evaluasi website DKV UdinusÂ  untuk mengukur kemudahan pengguna. Adapun proses evaluasi dalam penelitian ini menggunakan usability testing. Tahapan penelitian diawali dengan penyebaran kuesioner kepada mahasiswa dan dosen DKV Udinus sebagai responden. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penilaian dari 5 variable yang diujikan, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa aspek learnbility dan memorability pada website DKV Udinus memiliki penilaian yang cukup bagus. Namun penilaian 3 aspek lainnya masih rendah, sehingga masih diperlukan perbaikan berkaitan dengan aspek efficiency, error dan satisfaction untuk mempermudah penggunaan dalam mengakses informasi pada website DKV Udinus.
PENGEMBANGAN LKPD BERBASIS HOTS DAN AJARAN KI HADJAR DEWANTARA PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA KELAS IV SD
Authors: Sulistyawati Sinta , Arcana I Nyoman , Trisniawati Trisniawati
Published: March 2021

This research aims to: (1) develop Learners Worksheets (LKPD) based on Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) and the teachings of Ki Hadjar Dewantara (Tri N) in mathematics learning in grade IV elementary school and the materials of flat shape, (2) to test the feasibility of the Learners Worksheet created in this research. This research uses Research and Development (R&D) and uses the ADDIE development model. The subject of the research was the students of fourth-graders A and B of SD Winongo. The expert validation questionnaire and the student response questionnaire were used as the instruments of the research. Product eligibility is based on validator results. The results of the research are the product LKPD products based on HOTS and the Teachings of Ki Hadjar Dewantara on the flat shape material of class IV elementary school. Based on the validation research, LKPD products are suitable to use with an average of 78.6. Based on the result of the learner's responses indicate that the LKPD is suitable to use with an average of 48.9. It can be concluded that the development of the HOTS-based LKPD and the Teachings of Ki Hadjar Dewantara in the fourth-grade mathematics learning of elementary schools, is suitable and practical to use.Â
Rapid Recovery and Short Duration Anesthesia after Low Dose Ketamine and High Dose Dexmedetomidine in Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta)
Authors: Killoran Kristin E , Walsh Courtney A , Asher Jennifer L , Tarleton Molly B , Wilson Steven R
Published: March 2021

Anesthesia in rhesus macaques is required for many procedures. Although ketamine is the backbone of most anesthetic protocols, tolerance to the drug can develop, resulting in the need for higher doses to provide sufficient restraint. Combination with other drugs, such as α-agonists,
can be ketamine-sparing, providing for sufficient restraint at lower ketamine doses. In addition, because α-agonists are reversible, recovery from anesthesia has the potential to be much shorter. We hypothesized that use of a low dose of ketamine with a high dose of dexmedetomidine,
an α2 receptor selective agonist, in male and female rhesus macaques less than 15 y of age would provide adequate anesthesia for short procedures and that recovery would be faster than in macaques given a higher dose of ketamine (10 mg/kg) alone. We found that the combination, in conjunction
with atipamezole for reversal, provided smooth induction of anesthesia and significantly shorter recovery time than did ketamine alone, with no significant effects of sex. The combination of low dose ketamine and high dose dexmedetomidine also provided a 30-min window of anesthesia with analgesia
sufficient for mild to moderately painful procedures.
Synthetism as Dominant of A. Chudakov’s Autobiographical Novel “A Gloom Is Cast upon the Ancient Steps”
Authors: Bogdanova Olga Vladimirovna , Wang Jiao
Published: March 2021

The paper aims to reveal the dominant artistic features of A. Chudakov’s autobiographical novel “A Gloom Is Cast upon the Ancient Steps”. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the researchers for the first time analyse Chudakov’s text from the viewpoint of its genre specificity and try to identify its genre affiliation relying on the existing classification of modern autobiographical novels. The research findings are as follows: in Chudakov’s text, the philological component is less significant; the novel is of multi-genre nature and combines features of the autobiographical novel and the traditional “Bildungsroman” (partially “family novel”).
Irony and Humour as Tool of Realising Persuasive Strategies in Parliamentary Debates (by the Material of Debates in the German Bundestag)
Authors: Katamadze Mariya Olegovna
Published: March 2021

The purpose of the study is to determine pragmatic features of irony and humour functioning in parliamentary debates. The article considers the cases where irony and humour are used in a prepared speech, as well as in parliamentarians’ spontaneous comments, questions and answers. The work is novel in that it is the first to examine interactive nature of irony and humour in the context of polylogueness and multiple addressing of parliamentary debates in the systemic manner. As a result of the research, the author has compiled a typology of persuasive strategies, within the scope of which irony and humour are used in debates; identified functions of irony and humour, as well as some means and techniques of their realisation in speech and incorporation into the discussion.
Creolized Texts as Means to Increase Linguistic Politeness Degree in Virtual Communicative Space
Authors: Baev Evgeniy Vladimirovich
Published: March 2021

Relying on the linguistic politeness theory, the author reveals interrelation of iconic and verbal elements in creolized texts. Scientific originality of the study is conditioned by the fact that creolized texts in virtual communication are still poorly investigated and also by the fact that creolized texts are for the first time considered as face-threatening speech acts. Moreover, iconic elements of creolized texts are for the first time considered as elements of face-threatening speech acts. The research findings are as follows: the author analyses creolized texts containing iconic and verbal elements and functioning in virtual communicative spaces such as Telegram Messenger; describes pragmatic functions of language game in these texts; proposes a hypothesis on the role of iconic elements in face-threatening speech acts.
Developing Foreign-Language Speech Skills in Master’s Degree Students-Lawyers on the Basis of Fiction Texts Containing Modality
Authors: Belkina Elena Pavlovna
Published: March 2021

The paper describes methodology to form Master’s degree students’ foreign-language speech skills when teaching professional foreign language on the basis of fiction texts containing modal words. The article proposes a systematized set of tasks based on detective text fragments. Scientific originality of the study lies in the fact that the researcher proposes a four-stage model to form foreign-language speech skills in Master’s degree students of non-linguistic areas, taking into account their professional interests and the required level of foreign-language proficiency. The findings indicate that the proposed methodology promotes formation of Master’s degree students’ lexical competence required for successful intercultural communication.
Theme of Modernity in the Bashkir Drama of the 1930s
Authors: Gareeva Gulfira Nigamatovna , Sultanova Zilya Azatovna
Published: March 2021

The purpose of the study is to identify playwrights’ creative search in reflection of the theme of modernity and the concept of a new hero in the Bashkir drama of the 1930s. Scientific novelty of the study lies in identifying the trend of gradual transition of the Bashkir drama from musical and ethnographic plays, differing in topics and genres, to the theme of the historical past, from stage plays to realistic depiction of modernity, to dramas of characters, to psychological development of characters’ spiritual world. The research findings have shown that there appeared a qualitatively new artistic solution to topics and problems, nature of conflict and the concept of the image of a new contemporary hero in the Bashkir drama of the 1930s, as compared to previous stages of its development.
Kajian pengelolaan sampah rumah tangga (SRT) dan sampah sejenis sampah rumah tangga (SSRT)) di Kabupaten Teluk Bintuni
Authors: Riruma Nicolas , Sinaga Nurhaida , Lekitoo Marlyn N.
Published: March 2021

The objectives to be achieved from this research are to determine the amount of waste generation and characteristics, evaluate waste management in 2019, project a waste balance for 2020-2025, and identify the form of waste management policies, strategies and programs for 2020-2025 in Teluk Bintuni Regency.  The results of the study, the amount of waste generation was 3.46 l / o / h;  composition of organic waste 67.12%, plastic waste 26.30%, and other inorganic waste 6.75%;  managed waste 65.55%;  served population 76.90%;  implementation of operational technical standards 45.43%;  effectiveness of the role of local government 39.49% (less effective criteria);  low community behavior in waste management (69%), community perception in good waste management (81%);  projected waste balance for 2020-2025 waste generation 169,229.79 tons, 30% reduction target (44,427 tonnes), 70% handling target (122,596 tonnes), 100% managed waste by 2025 (169,229.79 tonnes);  2 forms of policies, 6 strategies and 17 waste management programs were identified for 2020-2025.
Advanced Age as a Risk Factor of Drug-Induced Diseases
Authors: Sychev D. A. , Ostroumova O. D. , Pereverzev A. P. , Kochetkov A. I. , Ostroumova T. M. , Klepikova M. V. , Ebzeeva E. Yu.
Published: March 2021

Some patients are more likely to have drug-induced diseases due to a number of risk factors, such as older age. The aim of the study was to analyse the effect of older age on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of medicines and the risk of developing drug-induced diseases. The analysis of scientific literature demonstrated that changes in the functions of body organs and systems caused by natural aging processes may potentially affect pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of medicines and increase the risk of adverse drug reactions. For instance, older people have a decreased cardiac output both at rest and during exercise, weight loss, loss of elasticity of elastic vessels, a reduced number of functioning nephrons, poorer renal filtration capacity, decreased liver volume, a reduced number of functioning hepatocytes, decreased hepatic blood flow. These changes directly affect absorption, metabolism, distribution, and excretion of medicines, which in turn can affect their safety profiles. Consideration of age-related changes in the functions of body organs and systems, regular monitoring of the efficacy and safety of the prescribed medicine, changing the dosage regimen, and revision of the treatment sheet by healthcare professionals will help optimize pharmacotherapy and reduce the risk of adverse reactions and drug-induced diseases in older patients.
Preclinical Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Chondroitin Sulfate
Authors: Mazukina E. V. , Shekunova E. V. , Kosman V. M. , Urakova I. N. , Kotelnikova I. G. , Fonarev M. Yu. , Ezhova E. A. , Zakalyukina E. V. , Makarova M. N. , Makarov V. G.
Published: March 2021

Chondroitin sulfate is used for osteoarthritis combination therapy. It should be taken into account that the structure and properties of polysaccharides included in chondroitin sulfate, as well as the raw materials used for its production, have a significant effect on its absorption, bioavailability, and, as a consequence, on the safety and efficacy of orally administered products.

The aim of the study was to assess toxic properties, local irritant effect, immunotoxicity, basic pharmacokinetic parameters, and therapeutic efficacy of the new Chondroitin sulfate product (produced by Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Moscow Endocrine Plant”, Russia) as compared to Structum (produced by “Pierre Fabre Medicament Production”, France).

Materials and methods: White Giant rabbits were used in the experiments. Toxicity, immunotoxicity and local irritation effects of the products were assessed following daily oral administration at the dose of 168 mg/kg (about 6 Maximum Recommended Therapeutic Doses) to male and female rabbits for 28 days. The follow-up period was 14 days. The pharmacokinetic study included blood sampling on days 1‒2 of the experiment, complete blood count and blood chemistry tests were performed on days 28 and 43. After killing the animals, pathomorphological and histological examinations were performed on their organs and tissues. Therapeutic efficacy was studied in an osteoarthritis model made by cruciate ligament transaction in rabbits. The animals received therapy at doses of 16.8 mg/kg, 33.6 mg/kg, and 67.2 mg/kg for 56 days starting from day 8 after the pathology induction.

Results: the medicines had no toxic, local irritant, or immunotoxic effect. The NOAEL was established at 168 mg/kg. The study demonstrated the comparability of the pharmacokinetic profiles of the studied products following single oral administration. The maximum concentration of the active ingredient (Cmax = 79 ± 6 μg/mL—Chondroitin sulfate; Cmax = 71 ± 4 μg/mL— Structum) in blood plasma was observed within 3–4 hours after administration. A decrease in the severity of cartilage structural damage was observed for the doses of 33.6 mg/kg and 67.2 mg/kg. The results of quantitative determination of sulfated glycosaminoglicans in the proteoglycans of the cartilage articular surface in the animals with osteoarthritis demonstrated an increase in the level of sulfated glycosaminoglicans in the groups treated with the maximum doses of the studied products, as compared to the other groups.

Conclusions: the obtained data confirm that the test product has a favourable safety profile, and therapeutic (chondroprotective) effect. All the tested properties of Chondroitin sulfate were comparable to those of Structum.
The Republic of Turkey on the Verge of its Centennial: Continuity or Change?
Authors:   Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Colombia, Rizo Marcelo Macedo
Published: March 2021

The modern Republic of Turkey is close to its 100th anniversary but it has substantially changed in comparison to the secular and Western-oriented state of its initial days. After almost two decades of the AKP rule and the dazzling Erdoğan leading figure, several transformations have been experienced as in politics, because of the ascending and consolidation of an Islamist ruling party; in economy, since Turkey had an impressive performance during the first decade of the AKP in power; as well as in social sphere, due the emergence of identities that challenged the prevalent Kemalist narrative. All these changes involve complexities and provoke tense debates within Turkish society, some of which can start to be solved through next elections. Hence year 2023 becomes a watershed in Turkish History and certain questions regarding if the current trend will persist or if new transformations will take place become relevant. The discussion necessarily implies to envisage a hypothetical scenario without Erdoğan and the consequences of his absence on Turkey’s near future.
Implementation of Defense Policy Against Threats for Securing International Shipping Lanes in the Sunda Strait
Authors:   Universitas Pertahanan, Indonesia, Prakoso Lukman Yudho
Published: March 2021

The Sunda Strait is one of the areas in the Indonesian Archipelago Sea Channel (ALKI) I. The flow of this voyage is used for international interests. Facing the factual and potential threats that occur today, the Sunda Strait waters has an important role for international interest, particularly in Indonesia, since the position of its capital city is relatively close. This study is using a qualitative descriptive method of phenomenology and using the theory of George Edward III. The results of the study indicate that the variable communication between related entities shows that it still needs to be optimized since it is still not integrated. In the variable resources of each entity related to the security of the Sunda Strait are still have many limitations, particularly in budgetary resources that are related to the availability of other resources. The disposition variable is still found by persons related to the attitude of the executor who makes the obstacle an opportunity to do negative things, and in the variable structure of the bureaucracy, opportunities are still found to optimize the security of the international shipping channel in the Sunda Strait.
Natural Resources, Property Rights, and the Domestic Logic of BIT Signing
Authors:   Seton Hall University, USA, Teo Terence K.
Published: March 2021

In contrast to the substantial scholarship on whether bilateral investment treaties (BITs) increase foreign direct investment (FDI), there is less work on what drives governments to sign these treaties in the first place. I develop a theory of treaty signing that emphasizes the domestic factors that motivate a government to sign BITs. Using a panel dataset of developing countries from 1960 to 2010, I find that governments scarce in natural resources are more likely to sign BITs compared to their richer counterparts. In addition, governments with middle levels of property rights are more likely to sign BITs compared to those with low or high levels. Finally, the most likely BIT signers are resource-scarce countries with middle levels of property rights. That strategic dynamics exist in BIT signing has implications for assessing the effects of these treaties in other issue areas such as trade, human rights, and the environment.
Defense Policy Analysis to Deal with Radicalism and Terrorism in Indonesian Universities
Authors:   Universitas Pertahanan, Indonesia, Prakoso Lukman Yudho
Published: March 2021

Indonesia has a diversity of ethnic groups, as well as the various religions practiced by its people. The impact of the development of the global and regional strategic environment. Indonesia also cannot remove the influence of the development of ideologies from outside which threatens the unity of the state. The research currently being carried out is to determine the extent to which state policy programs regarding state defense can be implemented in universities in Indonesia. This is interesting given the vulnerability of students to be influenced by radical understandings currently developing. Researchers analyzed the implementation of this state defense policy using the theory of Gerorge Edward III, which analyzes the focus under study using factors, Communication, Resources, Disposition and Bureaucratic Structure. The results of the research show that the state defense policy that has been implemented so far still needs to be further improved, so far the state defense program with the civic education model is only carried out at the beginning when students enter university. Furthermore, no more citizenship programs were found. the related entities also have not found the best model so that the state defense program can be integrated and interactive. The recommendation from the current research is that state defense in universities needs to be optimized again, considering that several cases were found to involve students from high schools. Students are the nation's human resource which is very valuable to determine this nation in the future. Policies on national defense, especially the state defense program in higher education, must receive serious attention from the government, so that the younger generation, especially students, can avoid radicalism and terrorism.
Should Ghana Legalize the Commercial Use of Motor Bikes and Tricycles as Means of Public Transport? A Case Study of Five Selected Regions in Ghana
Authors:   KAAF University College, Ghana, Jack John Kwane Adu , Amoah Emmanuel K. S. , Hope Eric , Okyere Frimpong
Published: March 2021

In the wave of raging debate, even on the floor of parliament, as to whether it would be expedient to commercialize Bikes’ usage in Ghana, it is important to look at its benefits or otherwise. Hence, the study sought to show whether Ghana should legalize the commercial use of motor cycles and tricycles operations. The design was a descriptive study which used quantitative tool to show public acceptance or rejection of commercializing the use of motorcycles and tricycles in Ghana. The study was based on the use of questionnaires for the data collection and were analyzed using Microsoft Excel. The sample population considered was Five (5) Regions in Ghana which are Central, Greater Accra, Bono, Bono East and Northern Regions. Questionnaires of 460 were drawn for the study. It was found out, among others, that many of the riders do not possess licenses; riders are aware of robbery incidents perpetuated by their colleagues; police harassments and passenger pressure are strong reasons for not observing traffic regulations; unfavorable road architecture; the activity is a good source of income. It was therefore recommended that, the okada/pragia/keke/motor king/motor kia operations should be legalized for commercial use with regulations and strict compliance by actors or operators.
The Relationship Between Work Pressures and Audit Performance in Tunisia
Authors:   Northern Borders University, Saudi Arabia, Akrimi Nesrine
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of auditor`s job pressures on audit performance. Using a sample of Tunisian listed companies and their signature auditors from 2013 to 2018, we demonstrate that job pressures does not impair audit performance in Tunisia.
Analysis of the Effect of Business Intelligence on Competitive Advantage through Knowledge Sharing and Organizational Innovation in Export Companies
Authors:   UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta, Indonesia, Kusmantini Titik , Mardiana Tri , Pramudita Rendy
Published: March 2021

This study aims to analyze the effect of business intelligence on competitive advantage through knowledge sharing and organizational innovation in export companies in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The list of companies was obtained from the Industry and Trade Office. The variables used in this research were business intelligence, competitive advantage, knowledge sharing, and organizational innovation. This study uses a sample of 83 companies, using puporsive sampling technique and data analysis techniques using Partial Least Square (PLS). The results of this study indicate that Business Intelligence has a positive effect on three other variables, namely knowledge sharing, organizational innovation, and competitive advantage, and that knowledge sharing and organizational innovation have a positive effect on competitive advantage. In addition, knowledge sharing and organizational innovation are able to mediate the effect of Business Intelligence on competitive advantage.
Oil and Mortality
Authors:   University of Hawaii at Manoa, USA, Sanginabadi Bahram
Published: March 2021

This paper investigates the impacts of a large and exogenous oil price shock in December 1973 on mortality rates of the major oil producer nations of the Middle East and North Africa. We use longitudinal data from 1960 to 2014 and we apply the difference-in-differences approach to investigate the main question of the research. Our findings show that the oil price shock did not lead to higher GDP per capita, but it did lead to lower mortality. These findings are puzzling. A possible explanation is that the oil price shock allowed for higher spending on publicly funded health care. We find a positive impact of the oil price increase on the number of hospital beds which perhaps suggests that higher oil revenues increased spending on public health and that possibly decreased mortality.
Spontaneous perforation of the stomach and duodenum in children with Ehlers‑Danlos syndrome
Authors: Amanova M. A. , Smirnov A. N. , Kholostova V. V. , Mannanov A. G. , Voina S. A. , Biryukova E. Yu. , Khavkin A. I.
Published: March 2021

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is based on hereditary systemic dysfunction of the connective tissue caused by impaired collagen synthesis. Depending on the individual mutation, the clinical manifestations of the syndrome can range from mild to life-threatening. The result of a violation of collagen synthesis is the proliferation of elastic fibers, loss of compactness and disorientation of collagen fibers, fragility of the vessel wall and expansion of their lumen. And, given that connective tissue fibers are present in almost every organ, the manifestations of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome are polymorphic and generalized, which often complicates the verification of this disease. The most clinically important is the Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome IV (vascular) type, which occurs as a result of mutations in the COL3A1 and COL1A1 genes and manifests itself in a tendency to spontaneous rupture of large arteries and hollow organs (intestinal perforation, strokes, rupture of the spleen, etc.), poor wound healing, fragility soft tissues, impaired hemostasis. The article describes our own experience of treating 4 patients with spontaneous ruptures of internal organs, including those of a recurrent nature.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adults: clinic, diagnostics, treatment. Guidelines for therapists, third version
Authors: Lazebnik L. B. , Golovanova E. V. , Turkina S. V. , Raikhelson K. L. , Okovityy S. V. , Drapkina O. M. , Maev I. V. , Martynov A. I. , Roitberg G. E. , Khlynova O. V. , Abdulganieva D. I. , Alekseenko S. A. , Ardatskaya M. D. , Bakulin I. G. , Bakulina N. V. , Bueverov A. O. , Vinitskaya E. V. , Volynets G. V. , Eremina E. Yu. , Grinevich V. B. , Dolgushina A. I. , Kazyulin A. N. , Kashkina E. I. , Kozlova I. V. , Konev Yu. V. , Korochanskaya N. V. , Kravchuk Yu. A. , Li E. D. , Loranskaya I. D. , Makhov V. M. , Mekhtiev S. N. , Novikova V. P. , Ostroumova O. D. , Pavlov Ch. S. , Radchenko V. G. , Samsonov A. A. , Sarsenbaeva A. S. , Sayfutdinov R. G. , Seliverstov P. V. , Sitkin S. I. , Stefanyuk O. V. , Tarasova L. V. , Tkachenko E. I. , Uspensky Yu. P. , Fominykh Yu. A. , Khavkin A. I. , Tsyganova Yu. V. , Sharhun O. O.
Published: March 2021

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Digestional diseases in Covid‑19 in children
Authors: Kharitonova L. A. , Osmanov I. M. , Ploskireva A. A. , Solodovnikova O. N. , Milova Yu. E.
Published: March 2021

The new coronavirus infection (COVID‑19) caused by the SARS-CoV‑2 coronavirus is rightfully recognized as a pandemic of the 21st century and poses a threat to the health of all human race. According to the World Health Organization, at October 4, 2020, were registered worldwide 34,804,348 confirmed cases of COVID‑19, including 1,030,738 deaths. According to currently available data, children accounted for 1 to 5% of patients diagnosed with COVID‑19 [4]. Children aged between 10–18 years dominated (45.9%), and patients first years of life accounted 26.1%. At the same time, over the period since the beginning of the pandemic, only a few fatal outcomes of the disease in children have been recorded in world statistics.

The high contagiousness of the SARS-CoV‑2 coronavirus, the ability for long-term replication, and tropism for the cells of the immune system provide the virus with the possibility of almost simultaneous multiple organ damage with the rapid development of complications of both the respiratory tract and other organs and systems.

The gastrointestinal tract is involved in this pathological process, representing one of the “shock organs”. In addition to common respiratory symptoms, some COVID‑19 patients experience dyspeptic disorders such as diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. Anal swab samples from patients positive for COVID‑19, are positive for SARS-CoV‑2 nucleic acid, and SARS-CoV‑2 were isolated from stool samples from COVID‑19 patients. In addition, in both adults and children, there is a strong association between damage to the digestive system and SARS-CoV‑2 infection. This review summarizes the manifestations and potential mechanisms of gastrointestinal manifestations in COVID‑19 in children.

The aim of the work is a review of current data on the lesion of the gastrointestinal tract in children with COVID‑19 infection, and its impact on the management of patients with chronic diseases of the digestive tract.

Materials and methods of research. Was carried out the analysis of publications in PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science systems in the period from December 2019 to June 2020, documenting the clinical course of COVID‑19 disease with gastrointestinal lesions. The following search terms are used: “COVID‑19”, “SARS-CoV‑2”, “coronavirus”, “SARS-CoV‑2 pandemic, epidemic”, “outbreak”, “diarrhea”, “gastrointestinal symptoms”, “stool”, “feces” without any language restrictions. The main source of information was full-text scientific publications of both, foreign and russian authors.

In addition, clinical cases of COVID‑19 were analyzed among patients of infectious departments of the Children’s Clinical Hospital named after Z. A. Bashlyaeva, Moscow. Clinical manifestations of the disease, data from laboratory and instrumental studies were evaluated. The most informative of them is given as a clinical example.
Formation of intestinal microbiocenosis in children born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Mayatskaya T. A. , Kharitonova L. A. , Papysheva O. V. , Zatevalov A. M.
Published: March 2021

Rationale. The global medical community currently studies the influence of microbiocenosis on macroorganism. The metabolome of the human gut microbiome may be a factor in the development of pathology in tissues and organs.

Objective. To improve the early diagnosis of intestinal microecology disorders in infants by determining the species composition and functional activity of the intestinal microflora to predict the health status of children born to mothers with diabetes.

Materials and methods. We studied the intestinal microbiocenosis in 60 infants aged 1–28 days, including 22 infants by healthy mothers (control group) and 38 infants by mothers with diabetes (study group). The following was evaluated: the species composition of the intestinal microbiocenosis; its functional state by concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA); the content of elastase and simple carbohydrates in feces. The species composition was studied by fecal next generation sequencing (NGS), SCFA concentration was studied by gas-liquid chromatography of acidified fecal supernatant, pancreatic elastase in fecal samples was quantified by ELISA, and fecal carbohydrate content was determined by Benedict’s test. The gut dysbiosis was measured by the biodiversity of the microbial community quantified in biology by Shannon index according to the formula:

 

 

where

 

 

and corresponds to the number of microbial species in the intestinal microbial community. Normalized Shannon index has a range of values from 0 to 1, convenient for the interpretation of the microbiocenosis condition. An increase in the biodiversity of the microbial community was associated with an increase in dysbiotic changes of the gut microbiocenosis. Statistical analysis was performed with Statistica 8.0 and MS Office Excel 2010.

Results. In children born by mothers with diabetes, the formation of microbial community at the stage of intestinal tract settlement occurs because of the increase of species biodiversity and formation of strong correlation between different classes of microorganisms, indicating a decrease of symbiont relationships of microbiocenosis with macroorganism normally mediated by intestinal epithelial cells condition and cooperation of the cells with intestinal mucosal barrier components. Due to the pronounced biodiversity and interspecies symbiosis of bacteria, compensatory mechanisms are formed in the colon for coexistence of macroorganism and microbiota. Thus, not only the butyric acid is produced in sufficient quantities but also the microbiota consumes SCFA releasing an increased amounts of iso-acids and promoting the growth of putrefactive microbial flora.
CTHRC1 is differentially expressed in lymph node metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: March 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). Between the breast and the brain reside the secondary lymphoid organ, the lymph nodes. We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that collagen triple helix repeat containing 1, CTHRC1, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Analysis of a separate microarray dataset revealed that CTHRC1 was also differentially expressed in brain metastatic tissues. CTHRC1 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in lymph node metastases as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of CTHRC1 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with patient post-progression survival, in lymph node positive patients but not in lymph node negative patients. Modulation of CTHRC1 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the lymph nodes and the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
Between the Regulatory State and the Networked Polity: Central-Local Government Relations in Sweden
Authors: Granberg Mikael , Granberg Mikael , Montin Stig
Published: March 2021

Governance research has become strikingly multifaceted in terms of theory, methods and empirical focus. More attention has been given to the spatial and scalar dimensions, and research are becoming more context-sensitive and process-oriented. Drawing upon on results from several research projects and programmes conducted by the authors and some other researchers this article offers an analysis of the development of Swedish central-local government relations since the 1990s. Analysing the constitutional, financial and multi-scalar/multilevel changes of these relations since the end of the Millenium, the strong neoliberal imprint upon ideology and practices is highlighted, showing how de-regulation gradually intermingled with re-regulation, combining market-driven, public welfare provision with measurement, evaluation and control. The article also bring to the fore sustainability, climate change and immigration as local policy fields characterized by horizontal capacity-building involving municipalities, private companies and civil society. Gradually municipal and regional government came under pressure by contextual challenges such as an elderly population, increasing number of school children and integration of immigrants. Related to this central state regulations and obligations multiplied and complicated local policy-making. As a broader discursive framework of the study the analysis is related to Antonino Palumbo’s (2015) exploration of post-war policy development in Europe in the light of two contesting, but complementary, ‘research programmes’, the Regulatory State and the Networked Polity. Finally, the article bring attention to the huge pandemic challenge facing humanity and governance at all levels beginning in spring 2020. What role municipalities will find in this critical juncture remains to be seen.
Asuhan Keperawatan Jiwa Pada Tn. J Dengan Risiko Perilaku Kekerasan
Authors: WAHYU ILHAM
Published: March 2021

Perilaku kekerasan merupakan salah satu respon terhadap stressor yang dihadapi oleh seseorang, respon ini dapat menimbulkan kerugian pada diri sendiri, orang lain, maupun lingkungan. Seseorang yang mengalami perilaku kekerasan sering menunjukkan perubahan pada perilaku seperti mengancam, gaduh, tidak bisa diam, mondar-mandir, cemas, intonasi suara keras, ekspresi tegang, bicara dengan semangat, agresif, nada suara meninggi dan bergembira secara berlebihan
Riskayanti.m
Authors: Riskayanti.m
Published: March 2021

Konsep ekonomi pada masa Rasulullah shalallahu alaihi wasallam
Asuhan Keperawatan Jiwa Pada Tn.S Dengan Risiko Perilaku Kekerasan
Authors: SAHPUTRA ANDI
Published: March 2021

Perilaku kekerasan merupakan salah satu respon terhadap streesor yang dihadapi oleh seseorang, respon ini dapat menimbulkan kerugian baik kepada diri sendiri, orang lain, maupun lingkungan. Seseorang yang2mengalami perilaku kekerasan sering menunjukan perubahan perilaku seperti mengancam, gaduh, tidak bisa diam, mondar-mandir, gelisah, intonasi suara keras, ekspresi tegang, bicara dengan semangat, agresif, nada suara tinggi dan bergembira secara berlebihan.
The Relationship Between Work Pressures and Audit Performance in Tunisia
Authors: Akrimi Nesrine
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of auditor`s job pressures on audit performance. Using a sample of Tunisian listed companies and their signature auditors from 2013 to 2018, we demonstrate that job pressures does not impair audit performance in Tunisia.
DCUN1D3 is differentially expressed in lymph node metastasis in human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: March 2021

Metastasis to the brain is a clinical problem in patients with breast cancer (1-3). Between the breast and the brain reside the secondary lymphoid organ, the lymph nodes. We mined published microarray data (4, 5) to compare primary and metastatic tumor transcriptomes for the discovery of genes associated with metastasis to the lymph nodes in humans with metastatic breast cancer. We found that defective in cullin neddylation 1 domain containing 3, DCUN1D3, was among the genes whose expression was most different in the lymph node metastases of patients with metastatic breast cancer as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Analysis of a separate microarray dataset revealed that DCUN1D3 was also differentially expressed in brain metastatic tissues. DCUN1D3 mRNA was present at decreased quantities in lymph node metastases as compared to primary tumors of the breast. Importantly, expression of DCUN1D3 in primary tumors of the breast was correlated with patient post-progression survival, in lymph node positive patients but not in lymph node negative patients. Modulation of DCUN1D3 expression may be relevant to the biology by which tumor cells metastasize from the breast to the lymph nodes and the brain in humans with metastatic breast cancer.
The effect of worked material hardness on stone tool wear
Authors: Rodriguez Alice , Yanamandra Venkata Sai Siva Kaushik , jd@nyu.edu  , Wang Zhong , Behera Rakesh Kumar , Iovita Radu
Published: March 2021

The identification of ancient worked materials is one of the fundamental goals of lithic use wear analysis and one of the most important parts of understanding how stone tools were used in the past. Given the documented overlaps in wear patterns generated by different materials, it is imperative to understand how individual materials' mechanical properties might influence wear formation. Because isolating physical parameters and measuring their change is necessary for such an endeavor, controlled (rather than replicative) experiments combined with objective measurements of surface topography are necessary to better grasp how polish formed on stone tools. Therefore, we used a tribometer to wear natural flint surfaces against five materials (bone, antler, beech wood, spruce wood, and ivory) under the same force, and speed, over one, three, and five hours. The study aimed to test if there is a correlation between polish formation and the hardness of the worked material. We measured each raw material's hardness using nano-indentation test, and we compared the surface texture of the polished flint bits using a 3D optical profilometer. The interfacial detritus powder was analyzed with a scanning electron microscope to look for abraded flint particles. We demonstrate that, contrary to expectation, softer materials, such as wood, create smoother polishes than hard ones, such as ivory.
Teachers Engagement
Authors: Sofanudin Aji
Published: March 2021

Pandemi covid-19 telah memaksa semua aspek kehidupan berubah, termasuk pembelajaran di madrasah aliyah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan teacher engagement guru dilihat dari jenis kelamin dan status sertifikasi guru madrasah aliyah di kabupaten Tegal. Penelitian ini menggunakan mix method dengan subjek penelitian sebanyak 302 guru madrasah aliyah. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa teacher engagement terdiri atas lima aspek yaitu vigor, dedication, absorpsion, job satisfaction, dan quitting intention. Dengan menggunakan lima aspek tersebut, diketahui bahwa ada perbedaan teacher engagement antara guru laki-laki dan perempuan. Guru laki-laki memiliki nilai teacher engagement lebih tinggi daripada guru perempuan. Mean teacher engagement guru laki-laki sebesar 4,62 sementara guru perempuan sebesar 4,55. Nilai rh sebesar 0,209 lebih besar daripada nilai rtabel baik pada signifikansi 5% ataupun 1 %. Ini menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan nilai teacher engagement antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Sementara mean guru yang sudah tersertifikasi (4,73) lebih tinggi daripada guru belum tersertifikasi (4,48). Nilai rh sebesar -0,001 menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan nilai teacher engagement antara guru sertifikasi dengan guru belum tersertifikasi pada Madrasah Aliyah di Kabupaten Tegal. Temuan ini perlu mendapatkan perhatian dari pengambil kebijakan di Kantor Kementerian Agama Provinsi Jawa Tengah.
The Sidi Ifni transect across the rifted margin of Morocco (Central Atlantic): Vertical movements constrained by low-temperature thermochronology
Authors: Charton Remi , Bertotti Giovanni , Arantegui Angel , Bulot Luc
Published: March 2021

The occurrence of km-scale exhumations during syn- and post-rift stages has been documented along Atlantic continental margins, which are also characterised by basins undergoing substantial subsidence. The relationship between the exhuming and subsiding domains is poorly understood. In this study, we reconstruct the evolution of a 50 km long transect across the Moroccan rifted margin from the western Anti-Atlas to the Atlantic basin offshore the city of Sidi Ifni. Low-temperature thermochronology data from the Sidi Ifni area document a ca. 8 km exhumation between the Permian and the Early/Middle Jurassic. The related erosion fed sediments to the subsiding Mesozoic basin to the NW. Basement rocks along the transect were subsequently buried by 1–2 km between the Late Jurassic and the Early Cretaceous. From late Early/Late Cretaceous onwards, rocks present along the transect were exhumed to their present-day position.
An ultrasound study of frequency and co-articulation
Authors: Saito Motoki , Tomaschek Fabian , Baayen Harald
Published: March 2021

Anticipatory coarticulation has been reported to be affected by word form frequency. However, it remains unclear whether frequency effect also modulates carry-over (perseverative) coarticulation. To investigate the interaction of word form frequency effect and carry-over/anticipatory coarticulations, ultrasound imaging was performed on the articulation of the vowel [a:] in German verbs. Effects of coarticulation were induced by controlling the verb’s suffixes and preceding pronouns. Contrary to the standard tongue contour analysis, we analyzed whole ultrasound images using Generalized Additive Models. We found more fronted tongue root, lower tongue body, and higher tongue tip in low-frequency words. By contrast, high-frequency words showed a more rounded tongue shape. This was reflected by the middle part of the tongue to be higher and the tongue root more retracted in high frequency words in comparison to low frequency words. These findings indicate more optimized tongue movements for higher frequency words.
Situational boundary conditions of digital stress: Goal conflict and autonomy frustration make smartphone use more stressful
Authors: Gilbert Alicia , Baumgartner Susanne , Reinecke Leonard
Published: March 2021

Mobile connectivity can negatively affect smartphone users by eliciting stress. Past research focused on stress-inducing potentials of smartphone use behaviours and, recently, on the cognitive-motivational engagement with online interactions. However, theoretical perspectives as the mobile connectivity paradox (Vanden Abeele, 2021) and the IM³UNE model (Schneider et al., 2021) further suggest that digital stress effects may be conditional. A preregistered experience sampling study (N = 123; 1,427 use episodes) investigated relationships of cognitive-motivational (online vigilance) and behavioural (communication load, media multitasking) smartphone use patterns with perceived stress and introduced two situational boundary conditions (goal conflict, autonomy need dissatisfaction). Results demonstrate that online vigilance can induce stress directly and indirectly via communication load. Goal conflict and autonomy need dissatisfaction moderated the influence of online vigilance and media multitasking on stress. Findings are discussed in context of effect directionality and the need to further investigate boundary conditions in digital well-being research.