bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In VivoImaging of CNS Injury and Disease
Authors: Akassoglou Katerina , Merlini Mario , Rafalski Victoria A. , Real Raquel , Liang Liang , Jin Yunju , Dougherty Sarah E. , De Paola Vincenzo , Linden David J. , Misgeld Thomas , Zheng Binhai
Published: March 2018

In vivooptical imaging has emerged as a powerful tool with which to study cellular responses to injury and disease in the mammalian CNS. Important new insights have emerged regarding axonal degeneration and regeneration, glial responses and neuroinflammation, changes in the neurovascular unit, and, more recently, neural transplantations. Accompanying a 2017 SfN Mini-Symposium, here, we discuss selected recent advances in understanding the neuronal, glial, and other cellular responses to CNS injury and disease within vivoimaging of the rodent brain or spinal cord. We anticipate thatin vivooptical imaging will continue to be at the forefront of breakthrough discoveries of fundamental mechanisms and therapies for CNS injury and disease.
Delineating the Diversity of Spinal Interneurons in Locomotor Circuits
Authors: Gosgnach Simon , Bikoff Jay B. , Dougherty Kimberly J. , El Manira Abdeljabbar , Lanuza Guillermo M. , Zhang Ying
Published: March 2018

Locomotion is common to all animals and is essential for survival. Neural circuits located in the spinal cord have been shown to be necessary and sufficient for the generation and control of the basic locomotor rhythm by activating muscles on either side of the body in a specific sequence. Activity in these neural circuits determines the speed, gait pattern, and direction of movement, so the specific locomotor pattern generated relies on the diversity of the neurons within spinal locomotor circuits. Here, we review findings demonstrating that developmental genetics can be used to identify populations of neurons that comprise these circuits and focus on recent work indicating that many of these populations can be further subdivided into distinct subtypes, with each likely to play complementary functions during locomotion. Finally, we discuss data describing the manner in which these populations interact with each other to produce efficient, task-dependent locomotion.
Methane emissions from oil and gas production sites in Alberta, Canada
Authors: Zavala-Araiza Daniel , Herndon Scott C. , Roscioli Joseph R. , Yacovitch Tara I. , Johnson Matthew R. , Tyner David R. , Omara Mark , Knighton Berk
Published: March 2018

We performed ground-based measurements (downwind, site-wide characterization) of methane emissions from older light oil and natural gas production sites in Alberta, Canada (Red Deer region, 60 measured sites). We developed a distribution of site-based methane emissions and as previously found in production regions in the United States, a small fraction of the sites account for the majority of methane emissions: 20% of the sites emit three quarters of the methane from oil and gas production. Using empirically derived emission factors, we compared an estimate of regional methane emissions, to a top-down airborne-based measurement of the same region. The airborne measurement was 35% lower, though not statistically different (4,800 ± 3,200 vs. 3,100 ± 2,200 kg CH4 h–1). In Alberta, the majority of these oil and gas emissions go unreported under current reporting requirements. Effective mitigation will most likely require frequent monitoring to identify high-emitting sites as well as leaky components that we hypothesize are also a major contributor to emissions.
Analisis Makro Ekonomi Sebelum dan Sesudah Penerapan Redenominasi Mata Uang
Authors: Febrida Maria , Karolina Br. Sebayang Lesta
Published: March 2018

Rencana redenominasi rupiah di Indonesia menjadikan pengalaman beberapa negara yang telah menerapkan redenominasi mata uang penting untuk ditinjau dari sisi makro ekonomi saat sebelum dan sesudah redenominasi sehingga menjadi dasar pertimbangan bagi Indonesia mengambil keputusan dalam rencana penerapan redenominasi rupiah. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya perbedaan kondisi inflasi, nilai tukar, ekspor, penanaman modal asing (PMA) dan pertumbuhan ekonomi 1 tahun sebelum dan 1 tahun sesudah menerapkan redenominasi pada 20 negara yang telah menerapkan redenominasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan alat analisis uji beda dua rata-rata sampel berpasangan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa pada variabel nilai tukar terdapat perbedaan antara sebelum dan sesudah redenominasi yaitu nilai tukar semakin lemah setelah penerapan redenominasi, sedangkan pada variabel inflasi, ekspor, PMA, dan pertumbuhan ekonomi tidak terdapat perbedaan sebelum dan sesudah redenominasi.

 

Rupiah redenomination which planned by Indonesia make the experience of countries that have implemented the currency redenomination is important to be reviewed in terms of macroeconomic before and after the redenomination so that it becomes a basic consideration for Indonesia to take decisions in the plan of implementation rupiah redenomination. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is difference in the conditions of inflation, exchange rate, exports, foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic growth in the current 1 year before and 1 year after implementing the redenomination in the 20 countries that have implemented the currency redenomination. This study used a quantitative method, with analysis dependent sample t-test which showed that there is a difference between before and after redenomination in exchange rate variable is getting weaker after the implementation of the redenomination, while there is no difference before and after the redenomination in inflation, exports, FDI, and economic growth.
Determinan Kualitas Pembangunan Manusia di Kabupaten/Kota Provinsi Jawa Tengah
Authors: Yudhi Pramono Agung , Soesilowati Etty
Published: March 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis seberapa besar pengaruh pengeluaran pemerintah daerah sektor pendidikan, pengeluaran pemerintah daerah sektor kesehatan, rasio ketergantungan penduduk dan pendapatan perkapita terhadap pembangunan manusia yang diukur dengan IPM. Populasi penelitian terdiri dari 35 Kabupaten/Kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah, menggunakan data sekunder dari Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Jawa Tengah dan Biro Keuangan Sekretaris Daerah Provinsi Jawa Tengah dalam periode 2009 sampai 2013. Variabel penelitian ini indeks pembangunan manusia, pengeluran pemerintah daerah sektor pendidikan, pengeluaran pemerintah daerah sektor kesehatan, rasio ketergantungan penduduk, dan pendapatan perkapita. Dalam penelitian ini, digunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan analisis regresi data panel model efek tetap (FEM) dengan metode Generalized Least Square (GLS). Hasil penelitian ini dapat diketahui bahwa pengeluaran pemerintah daerah sektor pendidikan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap IPM, pengeluaran pemerintah daerah sektor kesehatan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap IPM, rasio ketergantungan penduduk berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap IPM, sementara pendapatan perkapita tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap IPM.

This research has purpose to analyze how much influence of the local government expenditure in educational sector, local government expenditure in health sector, dependency ratio, and per capita income of a human development measured by HDI. the population of this research consists of 35 regionals in Central Java and region bureau money secretary of Central Java province among 2009 and 2013 period. the variables used in this research are HDI, local government expenditure in educational sector, local government expenditure in health sector, dependency ratio, and per capita income. in this research, quantitative and regression analysis of Fixed Effect Model is used as well as Generalized Least Square method (GLS). The results of this research are the outcome of regional government in educational and health sector influence significance and positively to the HDI, dependency ratio significance and negatively influence to the HDI, while per capita income does not influence significance to the HDI.
Analisis Faktor – Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Remitansi di Kabupaten Cilacap
Authors: Wisnu Putra Anggriawan
Published: March 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pendapatan, kebutuhan keluarga di daerah asal dan pengeluaran konsumsi TKI terhadap remitansi baik secara simultan maupun parsial. Populasi dalam penelitian ini meliputi seluruh tenaga kerja yang pernah dan akan berangkat menjadi TKI di kabupaten Cilacap sebanyak 50 orang. Adapun sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Purpossive Sampling dimana semua anggota populasi digunakan sebagai sampel. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendapatan (X1), kebutuhan keluarga (X2), konsumsi pribadi (X3) dan remitansi (Y). Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini melalui wawancara terstruktur dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda dengan SPSS rilis 17. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pendapatan dan kebutuhan keluarga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap remitansi, sedangkan konsumsi pribadi berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap remitansi. Simpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu secara parsial pendapatan dan kebutuhan keluarga berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap remitansi. Ketika pendapatan dan kebutuhan keluarga meningkat maka remitansi akan meningkat begitu pula sebaliknya. Sedangkan konsumsi  pribadi memiliki pengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap remitansi, yang berarti ketika konsumsi pribadi mengalami kenaikan maka remitansi mengalami penurunan. Sedangkan secara simultan model regresi dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi remitansi. Variabel pendapatan berperan sebagai variabel paling dominan mempengaruhi remitansi.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of income, family needs in the area of origin and consumption expenditure of remittances migrant workers against either simultaneously or partially. The population in this study are the entire workforce ever and will go into migrant workers in Cilacap regency with the number of sample are 50 people. The sample used in this study is the purpossive sampling where all members of the population used as sample. Variables used in this research are Income (X1), the family needs (X2), private consumption (X3) and remittances (Y). Data collection methods used in this study through interviews using a structured questionnaire. The data analysis used is linear regression analysis with SPSS release 17. The results showed that Income and Family Needs had a positive and significant effect against to remittances , while private consumption had significantly negative influence Against to remittances. This study concludes that partially income and family needs had positive and significant impact on remittances. When income and family needs increases, remittances will increase and vice versa. While private consumption has a significant negative effect on remittances, which means when the personal consumption increases then remittances decreased. While simultaneously obtained the regression model can be used to predict remittances. Variable income serves as the most dominant variable affecting to remittances.
Analisis Potensi Pengembangan Pusat Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Kabupaten Karanganyar 2009-2013
Authors: Arumpaka Priangga Arumpaka
Published: March 2018

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kecamatan yang berpotensi sebagai pusat pertumbuhan ekonomi di Kabupaten Karanganyar. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yaitu berupa data times series dengan periode waktu tahun 2009-2013 yang bersumber dari BPS Provinsi Jawa Tengah, BPS Kabupaten Karanganyar dan jurnal serta literatur yang berkaitan dengan penelitian. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu Tipologi Klassen, Analisis Location Quotient (LQ), Model Rasio Pertumbuhan (MRP), Analisis Overlay, Analisis Skalogram. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa yang menjadi pusat pertumbuhan ekonomi di Kabupaten Karanganyar dan kawasan kerjasamanya adalah Kawasan Barat dengan pusat pertumbuhan ekonomi Kecamatan Gondangrejo, Kawasan Tengah dengan pusat pertumbuhan Kecamatan Karanganyar, Kawasan Timur dengan pusat pertumbuhan Kecamatan Matesih, dan Kawasan Selatan dengan pusat pertumbuhan Kecamatan Jumantono. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa terdapat empat kecamatan pusat pertumbuhan yang saling berinteraksi dengan kecamatan di sekitarnya.

 

This study aims to determine the potential districts as centers of economic growth in Karanganyar. The data used in this research is secondary data in the form of data time series with the time period of 2009-2013 taken from BPS Central Java province, BPS Karanganyar as well as journals and any other literatures which are related to the research. The analytical methods being used are Typology Klassen, Location Quotient analysis (LQ), Growth Ratio Model (MRP), Overlay analysis, and Schallogram analysis. The results of this study indicate that the center of economic growth in Karanganyar and its regional cooperation are the Western Region with the center of economic growth is in the District Gondangrejo, Central Region with the growth center is in Karanganyar, Eastern Region with Subdistrict Matesih as its center of economic growth, and South Region with Subdistrict Jumantono as its center. The conclusion is four sub-district as the center of economy growth interacting each other with the surrounding sub-district.
Strategi Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Petani Garam Melalui Pendayagunaan Aset Tanah Pegaraman
Authors: Ihsannudin Ihsannudin , Pinujib Sukmo , Subejo Subejo , Sumada Bangko Bertus
Published: March 2018

Madura bernilai strategis dalam produksi garam nasional, namun kenyataannya kondisi petani garam masih hidup di bawah garis kemiskinan. Penelitian bertujuan merumuskan strategi pemberdayaan petani garam melalui pendayagunaan aset pertanahan dengan pendekatan subsistem budaya-kelembagaan dan subsistem ekonomi. Guna mencapai hal tersebut, perlu diketahui  kondisi subsistem budaya-kelembagaan dan subsistem ekonomi petani garam. Selain itu, dikaji faktor-faktor penyebab ketidakberdayaan petani. Hasil analisis menunjukkan subsistem budaya menunjukkan bahwa usaha pegaraman adalah bagian budaya masyarakat yang mengakar dan tidak dapat dipisahkan dari masyarakat Madura. Sementara dari subsistem kelembagaan menunjukkan petani garam dikelompokkan menjadi petani pemilik tanah dan petani penggarap (mantong). Pendekatan subsistem ekonomi menunjukkan bahwa produksi garam sangat tergantung iklim dan cuaca dan masih menggunakan teknologi tradisional. Strategi pemberdayaan bagi petani pemilik tanah adalah dengan mengupayakan sertifikasi tanah untuk mendukung akses permodalan. Sementara untuk mantong diarahkan memperoleh redistribusi tanah oyek landreform yang kemudian disertifikasi. Tanah tanah yang telah disertifikasi tersebut nantinya dapat dilakukan konsolidasi tanah yang berperan pada peningkatan kuantitas dan kualitas produksi garam serta mereduksi biaya transportasi.  Tanah yang telah tersertifikasi juga dapat digunakan untuk agunan guna mengakses modal.

Madura has an important role in the national salt production. unfortunately, most of salt farmers in Madura are living under the poverty line. This paper discuss about the strategies to empower salt farmers through improving the access of lands, proposing culture-institutional and  economic subsytem approch. This strategy can be formulated by investigate the condition of the cultural- institutional and economic subsystem of salt farmers. In addition, also discussed the factors that cause the incapacities of the farmers to improve their welfare. The result based on cultural subsystem show that salt production is part of the Madura culture that deeply entrenched. Then, based on institutional subsystem show salt farmers can be divided into two type: the farmers that own their lands and peasant farmers (mantong). Meanwhile, based on economic sub system describe the existing salt production system is traditionally managed, highly dependent on the weather and climate condition. An empowerment strategy for the landowners is to get land registration to access the capital. While empowering for mantong directed to acquire redistribution on land reform object. Salt land that has been certified can be consolidated which contribute to increasing the quantity and quality of salt production and reduce transportation costs. Then salt that has been certified can be be used for collateral in order to access capital.
Dampak Realokasi Anggaran Belanja Subsidi BBM untuk Pembangunan Infrastruktur terhadap Perekonomian Indonesia
Authors: Anas Muhammad , Widodo Wahyu , Sugiyanto FX
Published: March 2018

Kondisi dan daya saing infrastruktur Indonesia belum memadai akibat belanja infrastruktur yang terhambat karena membengkaknya anggaran subsidi BBM. Pada akhir tahun 2014, pemerintah mereformasi anggaran belanja dengan memangkas anggaran subsidi BBM dan meningkatkan anggaran pembangunan infrastruktur. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dampak realokasi anggaran belanja subsidi BBM untuk pembangunan infrastruktur terhadap perekonomian Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan data yang bersumber dari BPS dan Susenas, penelitian ini menerapkan aplikasi Sistem Neraca Sosial Ekonomi (SNSE) sebagai alat analisis untuk melihat seberapa besar dampak kebijakan bagi pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pendapatan rumah tangga. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa realokasi anggaran subsidi BBM untuk pembangunan infrastruktur sosial (seperti pendidikan dan kesehatan) berpengaruh lebih besar terhadap perekonomian Indonesia dibandingkan infrastruktur fisik (seperti jalan dan jembatan). Meski pertubuhan ekonomi yang diperoleh melalui hasil simulasi belum mencapai target pembangunan, namun dalam jangka panjang pembangunan infrastruktur diharapkan mampu mengakselerasi pertumbuhan ekonomi.

Indonesia’s infrastructure has been inadequate and not competitive due to the lack of infrastructure spending because of the consistently increasing budget for fuel subsidy. Therefore, at the end of 2014, Government of Indonesia (GoI) reformed their budgeting policy by diverting fuel subsidy’s budget to develop infrastructure. The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of diverting Indonesia’s budgeting policy from fuel subsidy to infrastructure on its economy. Using data from Statistics Indonesia and National Survey of Social and Economy, this study applied Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) as the analytical tool to quantify the magnitude of the impact from the policy on Indonesia’s economic growth and household income. Simulation results indicated that developing social infrastructure (such as education and health) had a bigger impact on Indonesia’s economy than developing physical infrastructure (such as roads and bridges). Although the economic growth resulted from the simulation policy could not meet Indonesia’s target, infrastructure spending is expected to accelerate growth in the long run.
Analysis of Efficiency of Government Expenditure In Health Sector in Central Java Province in 2012-2014
Authors: Dian Puspitasari Eka , Pujiati Amin
Published: March 2018

Health is one of the important factors in the success of the economic development in a country. The Government has managed the health budgets of at least ten percent of the total of the available local government budget. However, the amount of health budget has not been balanced yet by the optimal achievement of health status. This research aims at analyzing the technical efficiency level of the expenditure cost and the health service system and the target of improvement in order to achieve the efficiency in Central Java province in 2012-2014. This research uses Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method that will yield a relative efficiency value. The research uses health budget as the input variable, uses facilities and health services as the intermediate output variable, and uses the health status as the outcome variable. The assumption used is: Variable Return to Scale (VRS) and the output oriented model. The results of research that use the DEA method show that with the cost technical efficiency there are only five regencies/cities (14.3%) that have achieved an efficiency of 100 percent. While with the system technical efficiency there are only eleven regencies/cities (31.4%) that have achieved an efficient condition. This means, most regencies/cities in Central Java Province have not still efficient yet in the use of expenditure of health sector budget.
Analisis SWOT untuk Menetapkan Strategi Bersaing Pada PT. Tarindo
Authors: Sunaryo Sunaryo , Rusdarti Rusdarti
Published: March 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini, mengetahui dan menganalisis kondisi lingkungan internal dan eksternal, serta alternatif strategi yang dapat dipilih. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data data primer dan   sekunder dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif terhadap SWOT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan; 1). Kondisi lingkungan internal PT. Tarindo dari faktor strenght terdiri dari umur perusahaan, karyawan, mutu produk, peralatan/mesin, jaringan pemasaran, dan standar ISO 9001:2008. Faktor weaknesses terdiri dari : variasi produk, tenaga ahli,  pendidikan karyawan, dan divisi R&D. 2). Kondisi lingkungan eksternal faktor opportunity terdiri dari : pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk, ekspor, bahan baku, dan desain baru.  Faktor threath terdiri dari : produk substitusi, gaya hidup modern, harga bahan baku, dan BBM. 3). Alternatif strategi S-O dengan teknis growth yang terfokus pada stabel growth. Alternatif strategi W-O dengan teknis stability yang terfokus pada aggressive maintenance. Alternatif strategi ST dengan teknis diversification yang terfokus pada conglomerate. Alternatif strategi W-T dengan teknis survival yang terfokus pada turn arround.

The purpose of this study, investigate and analyze the internal and external environmental conditions, as well as alternative strategies can be chosen. The data used in this study is data and the primary and secondary data were analyzed using descriptive analysis of SWOT. The results showed; 1). PT Tarindo internal environmental conditions of strenght factors consist of: the age of the company, employees, product quality, equipment / machinery, network marketing, and ISO standards. Factors weaknesses consist of: the variety of products, expertise, employee education, and R & D division. 2). External environmental conditions opportunity factors consist of: population growth, export, raw materials, and designs. Threath factor consisting of product substitution, modern lifestyle, the price of raw materials, and fuel. 3). Alternative strategies S-O with growth. Alternative strategies W-O with stability. ST strategic alternatives with technical diversification. Alternative strategies W-T with survival.
Dampak Pengembangan Pariwisata Terhadap Perekonomian Masyarakat Sekitar Objek Wisata di Dieng Kabupaten Wonosobo
Authors: Alim Irhamna Sani
Published: March 2018

Penelitian ini mengidentifikasi dampak yang ditimbulkan dari adanya pengembangan objek wisata terhadap kondisi perekonomian masyarakat sekitar. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Dieng, Kecamatan Kejajar, Kabupaten Wonosobo. Penelitian ini dilakukan karena meningkatknya pengunjung objek wisata dan pendapatan sektor pariwisata yang berpengaruh terhadap perekonomian masyarakat sekitar objek wisata. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif yang dilengkapi data kualitatif dan kuantitatif baik data primer maupun sekunder. Penelitian ini menggunakan alat Skala Likert untuk menentukan hasil penelitian. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran kondisi pariwisata, dan mengidentifikasi dampak yang ditimbulkan dari adanya pengembangan pariwisata terhadap kondisi perekonomian masyarakat sekitar. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan fasilitas, pelayanan objek wisata setelah adanya pengembangan, akan tetapi ada penurunan pada bidang kebersihan dan keamanan. Persentase pendapatan masyarakat mengalami peningkatan yang dihitung menggunakan Skala Likert dari 53,3% menjadi 68,5%, tingkat kesempatan kerja rendah dengan persentase hanya sebesar 29,5%.

This study identifies the impact of the tourism development of economic conditions surrounding community. This research was conducted in the village of Dieng, District Kejajar, Wonosobo regency. This research was done because of the rise in visitor attractions and tourism revenue that affect the economy of the surrounding community attraction. This research uses descriptive research method qualitative and quantitative data include both primary and secondary data. This study uses a Likert Scale tool to determine the results. The purpose of this study to describe the condition of tourism, and to identify the impact of the development of tourism on the economy of surrounding communities. The results of this study showed an increase in facilities and services, attraction after their development, but there is a decrease in the field of hygiene and security. The percentage of people's income has increased which is calculated using a Likert Scale from 53.3% to 68.5%, the low employment rate with a percentage of only 29.5%.
Unemployement and Poverty Determinants in Central Java
Authors: Wardhany Medha
Published: March 2018

This study aims to obtain information and results that can be run in programs of poverty alleviation and unemployment in a more effective and efficient in accordance with the expectations of all parties including the people who are still categorized as marginal. This study uses primary data sources derived from secondary data from Susenas and Sakernas for Macro and other related data such as Supas data, and SP 2010, ST2013 and PBDT 2015 for micro data and PODES data for regional support data. The method of analysis in this research is descriptive and explorative analysis of various data and information available. In addition, there will also be some statistical model calculations relevant to this study. The results of the study indicate that the main drivers of poverty reduction are economic factors, including accessibility, for those who do not work to work or those who are already working or trying to earn adequate income, other factors are demography, social, education and skills and environment. Based on the simulation of inflation data also greatly affect the poverty rate, including for some basic commodities such as rice, when inflation is enough large then the poverty rate will tend to increase.
Post-partum and non-post-partum relapsing Graves’ hyperthyroidism display different response to anti-thyroid drugs
Authors: Rotondi Mario , Capelli Valentina , Coperchini Francesca , Pinto Sara , Croce Laura , Tonacchera Massimo , Chiovato Luca
Published: March 2018

Design

Graves’ disease (GD) patients in remission after a full course of methimazole (MMI) therapy are at risk for a relapse of hyperthyroidism during the post-partum (PP) period, but whether this relapse may display any peculiarity is still unknown. Aim of this study was to compare GD patients undergoing a relapse of hyperthyroidism either in the PP period or not.

Methods

We retrospectively evaluated forty-three GD female patients in their childbearing age who experienced a relapse of hyperthyroidism. Eighteen of them relapsed in the PP period (i.e. within 12 months after delivery, PP group); the remaining 25 relapsed elsewhere during life (NPP group).

Results

Age at relapse, thyroid volume, thyroid function tests, TRAb titers, smoking habit, presence and degree of orbitopathy and duration of methimazole (MMI) treatment did not differ in the two groups. However, the remission rate was much greater (79%) in the PP as compared with the NPP (32%) group (P = 0.002). A significant reduction in TRAb levels occurred at 12-month MMI treatment in the PP (F = 9.016; P = 0.001), but not in the NPP group (F = 2.433; NS). At 12 months, the PP group had significantly lower mean TRAb levels (0.6 ± 1.1 U/L and 4.5 ± 4.7 U/L in the PP and the NPP group, respectively; P = 0.029).

Conclusions

Relapsing Graves’ hyperthyroidism in the PP period is more prone to undergo a remission after a second course of MMI treatment. In these patients, a conservative therapeutic approach is more appropriate.
Should the Philadelphia Property Tax Classification System Be Modified?
Authors: Carroll Jeffrey , McDonald John F.
Published: March 2018

This article reviews issues related to proposed changes to the Philadelphia taxation system. There are two proposed plans. The City plan proposes modest cuts to the wage tax and to the net income portion of the business income and receipts tax (BIRT). The plan proposed by the Philadelphia Growth Coalition includes larger cuts in these taxes combined with an increase in the property tax on commercial real estate. The increase in the property tax on commercial real estate is intended to make up for losses of revenue from the tax cuts and is proposed to create a property tax classification system in which different classes of property are taxed at different rates. These proposals have been studied by Econsult Solutions (2015), and their findings are scrutinized in this article. Also, this article includes information on the main example of a property tax classification system in Cook County, Illinois, as a cautionary tale.
Tautos ir nacionalinės valstybės ateitis moderniosios ,,Babelio bokšto“ vizijos perspektyvoje
Authors: Radžvilas Vytautas
Published: March 2018

[only abstract in English; full article and abstract in Lithuanian]

This article discusses the future prospects of nations and nation states in the era of globalization by critically analyzing the theoretical justifications of the philosophical idea that one of the inevitable consequences of globalization is a gradual disintegration of nations and nation states. The origins of this idea are traced back to the political theory of Immanuel Kant, particularly to Kant’s vision of a cosmopolitan, civil society and the concept of the worldwide confederation of republican states. The article introduces an argument that the position that Kant’s vision of the civil society and confederation of states is internally incoherent and utopian, and it should be viewed as a normative moral and political ideal (or, in Kantian terms, a maxim of the practical historical reason that every human being should strive for) rather than as a theoretically coherent and justified political project. This normative ideal of modernity is viewed as the driving force of history, since it facilitates attempts to implement it in practice and achieve the end result – a peaceful, global civil society. In such a state of peaceful coexistence, the nation, as a form of political organization, loses its relevance, and the nation state gets replaced by a cosmopolitan confederation of republican states.The modern vision of a cosmopolitan and apolitical global order is viewed as one of the most important ideas of political philosophy, which has a tremendous influence on the history and geopolitical development of the modern world. It is shown that, for over two centuries, this idea has been both a theoretical and an ideological inspiration for global governance projects. The article suggests that a conceptual “overlap” between the two conceptions of a nation – the traditional natural law and the modern constructivist one – may have been one of the primary reasons of why this idea has retained philosophical and political significance for over two centuries. The article defends the view that this conceptual confusion led to a theoretically and empirically unjustified conviction that the disintegration of nations and nation states will be an inevitable outcome of the development of the modern world, and that this conviction facilitates further political experiments aimed at realizing the utopian apolitical society.
Lietuvos valstybė kaip ideologinis projektas
Authors: Dementavičius Justinas
Published: March 2018

[only abstract in English; full article and abstract in Lithuanian]

The main goal of this article is to describe the establishment of the first Lithuanian Republic in 1918 as an ideological project. The focus here is on three ideological systems that are usually treated as closely linked to modern Lithuanian statehood – nationalism, Romanticism and conservatism. First, I deal with the question of nationalism (mostly treated as a form of ethnic nationalism) being the main grounding point for an independent Lithuanian state. I defend the thesis that the discourse of a national-state-building process and nationalism as a main ideological form is too narrow and one-dimensional. It can’t shed light onto the ideological polysemy and the quarrels that took place in 1918 and afterward. The argument is based on the interpretation of nationalism as a thin-centered ideology as it was described by Michael Freeden. The second thesis stresses that collective (national) self-understanding is undeniably important, but this interpretation does not predispose any state-building attempts. It requires a radical reinterpretation and transformation of known political reality, and this can only be achieved with political Romanticism as was described by Carl Schmitt. Finally, I introduce in the question of the place of conservative ideology in the state-building process. Modern Lithuanian statehood was reached through a radical reform of an old political system. That is why conservative thought, which usually stands for traditions and the established order, seems like an unnatural ideological ally for a new Lithuanian state. But if one would treat conservative thought as an ideology dealing with the issue of change and pointing to a natural community and history, it is then possible to find some specific traces of conservative imagination.
Patrones en las excursiones de swash en dos playas contrastantes: Playas Hollywood y Costa Verde, Colombia
Authors: Montaño-Muñoz Jennifer , Osorio-Arias Andres Fernando , Otero-Diaz Luis Jesus
Published: March 2018

La zona de swash es la parte de la playa que esta consecutivamente seca y húmeda debido al ascenso y descenso del mar producto del oleaje y la marea. Esta zona es de gran importancia en los sistemas de playas, ya que allí se desarrollan los procesos de erosión/acreción de la línea de costa y las inundaciones; por lo tanto, el entendimiento de las dinámicas que ocurren en esta zona son vitales para predecir y mitigar los posibles impactos en playas, dunas y estructuras costeras bajo diferentes escenarios climáticos.Mediciones de variables in situ como presiones, velocidades y concentraciones de sedimento en la zona de swash, fueron llevadas a cabo en dos playas en el Caribe Colombiano: Playa Costa Verde, (Ciénaga) y Playa Hollywood, (Cartagena). Los datos fueron usados para comparar los patrones de velocidades y concentraciones de sedimentos en la zona de swash debido a la influencia de la pendiente de la playa en esta zona y la influencia de las diferentes frecuencias de las ondas (infragravitatorias (IG) o Sea-Swell (SS)). Adicionalmente, se propone una aproximación para ligar pequeñas escalas espacio-temporales (ciclos de swash) con procesos espacio-temporales mayores (erosión-acreción).
Método de cálculo para la determinación de las tensiones en volantes de rayos rectos
Authors: Mendoza-Fernández Abdel , Goytisolo-Espinosa Rafael , Cabello-Eras Juan José , Jiménez-Borges Reinier
Published: March 2018

En el trabajo se profundiza en dos métodos de cálculo de sistemas hiperestáticos aplicables para la evaluación de la resistencia de volantes de llantas y rayos los que se aplican al volante de un molino de martillos. Los resultados de los métodos analíticos se validaron mediante un Análisis de Elementos Finitos resultando diferencias inferiores al 10%. Las tensiones equivalentes en la llanta se aproximan a cero en el plano medio del rayo y aumentan a medida que se aleja del mismo, y a lo largo de los rayos se mantienen constante. Se apreció además que en todos los casos estudiados las tensiones equivalentes disminuyen a medida que el número de rayos aumenta ya que se incrementa la rigidez de los volantes. En el trabajo se obtienen nomogramas que permiten determinar la tensión equivalente en la llanta en función del número de rayos y la velocidad de operación.
Enzymatic modification of cassava starch (Corpoica M-Tai) around the pasting temperature
Authors: Salcedo-Mendoza Jairo , Paternina-Urzola Sergio , Lujan-Rhenalds Deivis , Figueroa Flórez Jorge
Published: March 2018

Almidón de yuca variedad Corpoica – TAI fue modificado con α-amilasa comercial, para evaluar el efecto de la temperatura alrededor de la temperatura de pasta, tiempo de reacción y relación enzima/sustrato (E/S) sobre el grado de hidrólisis y producción de almidones modificados enzimáticamente. Los almidones modificados presentaron equivalentes de dextrosa (DE) entre 13 y 92 %, valores de rendimiento (Y) hasta del 45.5%. El análisis Microscopia de barrido electrónico (SEM) mostró que los gránulos presentaron exo-corrosión en concordancia con el grado de hidrólisis. La cristalinidad aumento después de la modificación y la morfología del granulo fue diferente comparada con el almidón nativo. Los almidones hidrolizados presentaron un aumento en la estabilidad (breakdown) y disminución en el asentamiento (setback). La temperatura de gelatinización se incrementó con la cristalinidad y disminuyó con el contenido de amilosa. Los almidones hidrolizados fueron más susceptibles a la retrogradación o pérdida de agua (sinéresis).
Development of a virtual earthquake engineering lab and its impact on education
Authors: Guerrero Luis Felipe , Gómez Pizano Daniel , Thomson Peter
Published: March 2018

El uso de las tecnologías de la información y las telecomunicaciones (TIC) para el desarrollo de instrumentos educativos como los laboratorios virtuales se ha convertido en una valiosa práctica de apoyo a la enseñanza en diferentes ámbitos de la formación profesional. En la actualidad se encuentran aplicaciones que van desde la virtualización de prácticas en ciencias básicas hasta la experimentación virtual en temas específicos de ingeniería. Este artículo describe el desarrollo del Laboratorio Virtual de Ingeniería Sísmica (SISMILAB) el cual incluye diferentes módulos con sus respectivas aplicaciones. Este laboratorio virtual fue desarrollado para facilitar el proceso de comprensión y aplicación de conceptos fundamentales relacionados con el campo de la ingeniería sísmica y fortalecer las experiencias académicas e investigativas del estudiante, dentro y fuera del aula. SISMILAB ha sido bien recibido por los estudiantes, facilitando la comprensión de conceptos, la interpretación de resultados y la enseñanza de diferentes fenómenos de la ingeniería sísmica. Finalmente, el artículo muestra el impacto en la enseñanza y el aprendizaje basado en métricas obtenidas de cuestionarios de evaluación realizados por estudiantes y profesores.
PROCESO DE INTEGRACIÓN DE AMÉRICA LATINA Y EL CARIBE
Authors: Herrera M. Luis Carlos
Published: March 2018

El presente artículo presenta un análisis del proceso de integración de América Latina y el Caribe, su nivel de complejidad, los distintos mecanismos existentes y su importancia para el desarrollo de los países de la región y el bienestar de la población. Para hacerle frente a este desafió, se recurrió en primera medida al análisis histórico (heurístico, crítico y síntesis) de los procesos de integración a nivel de Norte América, Centroamérica, Sur América y el Caribe. La segunda decisión metodológica, implicó estudiar desde la sociología política, la experiencia propia de cada mecanismo de integración; identificando logros, dificultades, retos y perspectivas, frente a la composición geopolítica de la región. Los resultados apuntan a que el proceso de integración latinoamericana y caribeña ha tomado décadas; ha sido un largo proceso con avances y retrocesos. En el proceso de integración se han tenido que superar situaciones difíciles, que provocaron la incorporación de temas como: la desigualdad social, el cambio climático, la seguridad alimentaria, justicia, democracia, participación ciudadana, corrupción.
Descripción del sistema fonemático del guatuso
Authors: Constenla U. Adolfo
Published: March 2018

El guatuso, lengua de la familia chibcha, es hablado por cerca de 200 personas en el cantón de Guatuso de la provincia de Alajuela, en el norte de Costa Rica. La información empleada en este artículo es resultado de investigaciones realizadas durante los años 1969 a 1978 y reanudadas durante el presente año de 1983. El estudio, presenta modiflcaciones importantes, sobre todo en el tratamiento de la interferencia del castellano y de los elementos suprasegmentales.
HUBUNGAN PARAMETER LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP GANGGUAN KESEHATAN KARANG DI PULAU TUNDA -– BANTEN
Authors: - Dedi , P. Zamani Neviaty , Arifin Taslim
Published: March 2018

Kondisi lingkungan dan aktivitas manusia menyebabkan terganggunya ekosistem pesisir khususnya terumbu karang. Gangguan kesehatan dan penyakit pada karang dapat terjadi karena perubahan kondisi lingkungan. Pulau Tunda merupakan pulau terluar yang berbatasandengan Teluk Jakarta dan Teluk Banten diasumsikan mendapatkan tekanan lingkungan dari pembangunan daerah tersebut. Penelitian ini mengkaji apakah parameter lingkungan memiliki hubungan dengan sebaran gangguan kesehatan karang.Survei lapangandilakukan pada Januari 2014. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode transek sabuk dengan lebar 1 x 1m pada kedalaman berkisar 3 – 5m. Hubungan parameter lingkungan dan kelimpahan penyakit karang dianalisis dengan Principal Components Analysisdan sebaran penyakit karang dianalisis dengan Correspondent Analysis.Dari hasil pengamatan, jenis gangguan yang terdapat pada lokasi pengamatan Pulau Tunda - Banten yaitu pemutihan karang (Full, Patches, dan Stripes) sedangkan gangguan kesehatan lainnya meliputi Cots, fishbite, PR, IG, SP dan SD. Pemutihan karang bentuk Patches merupakan bentuk pemutihan karang yang banyak ditemukan dari seluruh lokasi pengamatan dengan total koloni yang terserang sebanyak 91 koloni. Gangguan kesehatan SP (Spons Over) merupakan gangguan kesehatan yang sedikit (7 koloni) ditemukan pada lokasi pengamatan.Sebaran pemutihan karang memiliki hubungan terhadap salinitas, suhu dan fosfat sedangkan gangguan kesehatan karang SD dan SP memiliki hubungan terhadap konsentrasi nitrat dan silikat.
Tendencia de las cuentas por cobrar y ratios de actividad en la empresa Alpe Corporación S.A. en los periodos 2011 -2015
Authors: Umasi Olarte Betzabeth , Choquepuma Olarte Virginia
Published: March 2018

El trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo determinar la tendencia de las cuentas por cobrar y ratios de actividad en la empresa Alpe Corporación S.A. en los periodos 2011 a junio 2015. El nivel de estudio es descriptivo, predictivo, longitudinal y retrospectivo. La población de estudio está conformada por la cartera de clientes de la empresa, de los cuales se recolectó los datos para determinar y pronosticar la tendencia de las cuentas por cobrar y analizar los ratios de actividad para determinar la frecuencia de recuperación de cuentas por cobrar y la rotación trimestral de la empresa Alpe Corporación S.A. durante el periodo 2011 al 2017, teniendo como datos históricos disponibles del 2011 a junio de 2015. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó el paquete SPSS 20. Así mismo, se muestra el análisis del modelo ANOVA y el nivel de significancia y correlación entre la rotación de cuentas por cobrar y rotación trimestral del periodo 2011 al 2017 de la empresa, siendo la relación entre las variables es alta en el coeficiente de correlación r = ,986 y r2 = ,973. Es decir, la variación de la rotación trimestral explicada por el modelo de regresión lineal, por lo cual, se puede predecir la rotación trimestral a partir de la Rotación de cuentas por cobrar al 98.6%. A esto el valor P o sig = ,000 < ,05 (α) indica que el modelo propuesto de regresión es significativo. Luego, teniendo en cuenta que el nivel óptimo de rotación de las cuentas por cobrar es de 6 a 12 veces al año y de 60 a 30 días de periodo de cobro; para fines de este estudio se considera un periodo desde el año 2011 al segundo trimestre del 2015 de acuerdo a los datos históricos disponibles. Es así que el nivel óptimo de rotación de cuentas por cobrar es de 1.5 a 3 veces por trimestre y de 60 a 30 días de periodo de cobro normal. Los resultados manifiestan que la tendencia de las cuentas por cobrar y los ratios de actividad, evidencia la eficiencia de la empresa Alpe Corporación S.A. en el periodo 2011 al 2017. Por lo cual, la empresa convierte en efectivo sus cuentas por cobrar en la medida que los días aumentan y las veces de cobro disminuye en cada trimestre de cada año. Lo que significa que la rotación de cuentas por cobrar, así como la rotación trimestral, se encuentra en el nivel óptimo, concluyendo que la capacidad gerencial de la empresa es eficiente para generar fondos de manera efectiva administrando de forma adecuada los servicios prestados proyectados a los trimestres que falten de julio de 2015, 2016 y 2017
How To Learn To Understand Mathematics?
Authors: Duval Raymond
Published: March 2018

The cognitive core process of mathematical activity is the recognition of a same object in two semiotic representations whose respective contents have nothing in common with each other. It is also the recurrent and insuperable difficulty of comprehension in learning mathematics and the main impediment to solving problems for most students. The theory of registers provides a cognitive analysis of the way of working and thinking in mathematics. It highlights the key cognitive factors to be taken into account in Mathematics Education for all students up to the age of 16. To give an insight into the theory this paper focuses on two topics. How to introduce letters and elementary algebra? How to learn to solve problems in mathematics? And to avoid the confusion of words arising in Mathematics Education whenever we talk about « theories », we shallshow how to analyze in terms of registers the mathematical tasks related to these two topics. This allow us to identify the cognitive thresholds to be crossed to understand and to solve problems in mathematics. Analyzing mathematical activity in terms of registers is quite different from the prevailing mathematical view. This concerns the hidden face of mathematical activity and not its exposed face. We are broaching here the crucial issue about teaching mathematics to all students up to the age of 16. What should be its objectives and priority areas?Keywords: Register. Transformation of Semiotic Representation. Conversion. Treatment. Discursive operation.
Tecendo a educa��o permanente em sa�de no contexto hospitalar: relato de experi�ncia
Authors: Adamy Edlamar K�tia , Zocche Denise Antunes de Azambuja , Vendruscolo Carine , Metelski Fernanda Karla , Argenta Carla , Valentini Jussara Dos Santos
Published: March 2018

Objetivo: objetiva-se relatar e provocar reflex�es sobre a experi�ncia desenvolvida junto ao programa de extens�o de um curso de gradua��o em Enfermagem e sua inser��o em um servi�o de educa��o permanente em sa�de hospitalar da regi�o Oeste de Santa Catarina, Brasil. M�todo: para tecer essas reflex�es, fundamentou-se nos pressupostos da pol�tica nacional de educa��o permanente em sa�de, do Minist�rio da Sa�de, Brasil. Com o prop�sito de qualifica��o das unidades hospitalares, foram propostas tr�s a��es educativas: implementa��o do programa nacional de seguran�a do paciente; implanta��o e implementa��o do processo de enfermagem e capacita��o dos trabalhadores para o desenvolvimento de boas pr�ticas de enfermagem. Resultados: os princ�pios da pol�tica nacional de educa��o permanente em sa�de v�m contribuindo como ferramentas no processo de trabalho, e as mudan�as institucionais desenvolvem-se a partir das a��es desse programa. Conclus�o: apesar de a aproxima��o entre ensinoservi�o potencializar a autonomia dos profissionais de sa�de, alguns desafios s�o recorrentes, como a rotatividade de funcion�rios nos setores e a infraestrutura adequada para o desenvolvimento de atividades.