bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
عقيدة أهل السنة والجماعة في الأنبياء والرسل
Authors: الجوير محمد بن أحمد
Published: May 2023

This research aims to explain one of the important and fundamental parts of Islamic faiths stated in the famous hadith of Gabriel, which is (Belief in the Messengers of Allah almighty). It aims to highlight its value and importance in the light of Quran and Sunnah, because it is one of the foundations of the creed, and it is required to believe in it, with the obligation to believe in all the prophets and messengers without differentiating and discrimination among them. Allah Almighty sent his prophets and messengers for a lofty mission and to convey his guidance to humankind, in order to save them from ignorance and loss, to save them from Allah’s wrath and punishment. Furthermore, they were assigned the task to unite the nation in one faith, social norms, and political, moral, individual, and collective life system, which has been revealed and certified by divine authority. Therefore, it has been declared by the holy Qur’an and Sunnah, that no one would be considered a Muslim until and unless he admits and believes in the Prophets, revealed books, and other revealed manuscripts.
المحتكمات المقاصدية ودورها في الترجيح الفقهي - برامج تسلية الأطفال نموذجا -
Authors: Rabie Laouar
Published: May 2023

This article aims to discuss the role of Shari’ah’s objectives in preferring jurisprudential rules in case of conflict between two rules, cornering children’s entertainment programs, which are considered an important source of Islamic law. Objectives of shari’ah are based upon the collective wisdom of the texts of Qur’an and Sunnah.  Therefore, Muslim jurists have always tried to consider it in the derivation of rules of Islamic jurisprudence. Through the implementation of these provisions, the researcher is inclined to prefer the legitimacy of entertainment and education using programs like animation, singing and chants, electronic games, school theater, fairy tales, drawing, etc.  Furthermore, this legitimacy does not negate the prohibition of certain images through which the fundamentals of religion are violated, and the intention of the street is wasted.
دلالة الأفراد في الجرح والتعديل لابن أبي حاتم حرف الباء أنموذجا
Authors: محمد عزيز العازمي
Published: May 2023

This research examines the significance and reasons of those twenty-two narrators of Hadith, which was declared afrād by ibn abī ḥātim in al-jarḥ wa al-taʿdīl. Before this, Imam Bukhari had included these among the afrād and described them in one chapter. It is not appropriate to claim that only the strangeness of their names is their only reason, but by looking at the biography of these narrators, it becomes clear that there are things related to the narrator in terms of ignorance. In addition, other things have nothing to do with the narration, but rather with the characteristics of the narrators, such as the uniqueness of the nickname, such as abū hind al-darārī. To find out the factors due to which these sources of Hadith have been declared unique, an attempt has been made.
الفوائد الـحِسَانُ في مصطلح الحديث للشَّيخ محمَّدِ بن عبد العالي الـجَعْفَريِّ البُوْتِيْجيِّ من علماء القرن الحاديَ عشَرَ دراسةً وتحقيقًا
Authors: ALGALLAF Faisal syed Muhammad Al-Qallaf
Published: May 2023

This article aims to edit and study a manuscript “ written by Sheikh Moḥammad ibn ʻAbdil-ʻĀlī Al-Jaʻfarī Al-Būtījī in the discipline of Hadith and its sciences, which existed in the sulīmānīaẗ  Library in Istanbul. The science of  hadith is the precise criterion for distinguishing the authentic and stable from the Prophet - peace be upon him - from the weak traditions  which do not prove it, so the scholars took great care to achieve and edit it, and classified it many works, varied in their purposes and methods. The author of this Manuscript was a prominent Muslim scholar of the Eleventh century and his academic work has been acknowledged and highly appreciated by later scholars, unfortunately, this booklet has remained unpublishable, which is why I made this book a research topic so it can be brought in public view, scholars, and students can benefit from it.
Beban Kerja Caregiver Dalam Mendampingi Lansia Dengan Demensia di Sasana Tresna Werdha RIA Pembangunan Jakarta Tahun 2022
Authors: Jumiarti Jumiarti , Suratmi Tri , Rahardjo Tri Budi W
Published: May 2023

Caregiver adalah orang dewasa yang berperan dalam memberikan pendampingan kepada lansia yang mengalami ketergantungan ringan, sedang, berat sampai total. Caregiver dapat berasal dari anggota keluarga maupun orang yang terlatih sebagai caregiver lansia yang bekerja untuk memberi layanan pendampingan di panti wreda. Karakteristik lansia di panti wreda beragam, diantaranya lansia penyandang demensia. Lansia dengan demensia mengalami perubahan pada aspek fisik, psikologis, hubungan sosial, dan kemandirian pada aktivitas sehari-hari yang mempengaruhi kualitas hidup. Perubahan pada lansia demensia, kemampuan caregiver, dan lingkungan kerja merupakan kondisi yang dapat menimbulkan stres pada caregiver sehingga berisiko mengalami burn out. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran beban kerja caregiver dalam mendampingi lansia dengan demensia di Sasana Tresna Werdha (STW) RIA Pembangunan. Penelitian adalah studi kasus dengan pendekatan kualitatif, teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi partisipan, telaah dokumen, dan focus group discussion kepada sepuluh responden. Analisis data menggunakan metode Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) dengan hasil wawancara ditranskrip menggunakan teknik verbatim. Hasil penelitian diperoleh gambaran tentang beban kerja berlebih pada caregiver dalam mendampingi lansia dengan demensia akibat faktor kelelahan emosional yang berkaitan dengan lansia kelompok usia tua, kurangnya keterampilan caregiver dalam mendampingi lansia dengan demensia, pendapatan yang rendah, waktu kerja, dan lingkungan kerja secara psikologis. Dibutuhkan kebijakan manajemen dalam menangani lansia dengan demensia di panti wreda, pelatihan khusus penanganan lansia dengan demensia, dan pemberian insentif yang memadai.
Keikutsertaan Ibu Hamil Dalam Melakukan Vaksinasi Covid-19 Pada Masa Pandemi (Rekomendasi Pogi)
Authors: Sari Fitria , Adawiyah Asyifa Robiatul , Ambarwati Kusmayra , Jannah Miftahul
Published: May 2023

COVID-19 selama kehamilan dikaitkan dengan risiko morbiditas dan mortalitas. Wanita hamil yang terkena COVID-19 berat berisiko mengalami persalinan preterm hingga kematian. 95% dari pasien yang dirawat di rumah sakit dan/atau meninggal karena COVID-19 adalah pasien yang tidak divaksinasi. Tujuan: mengetahui perbedaan antara keikutsertaan ibu hamil dalam melakukan vaksinasi COVID-19 dengan persepsi kebijakan pemerintah dalam penanganan COVID-19, persepsi vaksin COVID-19, dan penerimaan vaksin COVID-19 serta korelasi antara variabel dependen. Metode: Rancangan penelitian menggunakan cross-sectional uji. Sampel pada penelitian adalah seluruh ibu hamil di Pulau Jawa dan luar Pulau Jawa sebanyak 234 orang menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Waktu penelitian dilakukan pada Bulan September 2022 sampai dengan Januari 2023. Analisis menggunakan metode T-Independen dan korelasi regresi. Hasil: Pada penelitian ditemukan terdapat perbedaan antara status vaksinasi ibu kebijakan penanganan COVID-19, mean skor tertinggi pada status vaksin 2 yaitu 25,07 (95%CI: 24,37-25,77);  persepsi tentang vaksin COVID-19, mean skor tertinggi pada status vaksin 2 yaitu 25,06 (95%CI: 24,39-25,72); dan penerimaan vaksin, mean skor tertinggi pada status vaksin booster yaitu 36,83 (95%CI: 35,08-38,58). Kesimpulan: Dalam upaya peningkatan status vaksin pada ibu hamil, tenaga kesehatan perlu melakukan edukasi tentang manfaat ibu hamil melakukan vaksinasi. Sehingga tidak ada rasa ketakutan atau kekhawatiran ibu hamil terhadap vaksinasi COVID-19.
ВКЛАД АКАДЕМИКА Б.Г.ГАФУРОВА В РАЗРАБОТКЕ ПРОБЛЕМ НАЦИОНАЛЬНО – ОСВОБОДИТЕЛЬНОГО ДВИЖЕНИЯ НАРОДОВ ВОСТОКА
Authors: Мамадалиев И.А.
Published: May 2023

В настоящей статье в виде тезисов, в основном рассказывается о развитии востоковедческой науке и главным образом бесценного вклада, выдаюүегося ученого, политика и государственного деятеля академика Бободжана Гафурова.В настояүей статье всего лишь дается всего лишь слегка обзор по его трудам по проблемам востоковедения, ибо эти труды по содержанию являются весьма широки, что в одной маленькой статье не только охватить, но и даже в отдельно взятом моменте они очень велики. Несмотря на широту и содержательности нами сделана попытка вкратце преподнести читателю обзорный материал с целью ознакомить теми трудами академика Бободжана Гафурова, который посвятил только по проблеме Востока и национально-освободительное движение народов Востока.
КЫРГЫЗ-ИРАН ДИПЛОМАТИЯЛЫК МАМИЛЕЛЕРИ: АБАЛЫ ЖАНА КЕЛЕЧЕГИ
Authors: Матназаров С.А. , Камаева К.К. , Матмусаева А.А.
Published: May 2023

Бул илимий макалада кыргыз-иран дипломатиялык кызматташтыктары, абалы жана келечек пландары талдоого алынган.
КЫРГЫЗДАРДЫН ЖАНА АФРИКАЛЫКТАРДЫН МАДАНИЯТЫНДАГЫ АНАЛОГИЯЛАР
Authors: Мурзакметов А.
Published: May 2023

Кыргыздардын жана африкалыктардын маданиятындагы аналогиялар
ШЕТЕЛ ТАРИХШЫЛАРЫ ҚАЗАҚСТАНДАҒЫ ИНДУСТРИАЛИЗАЦИЯ ЖӨНІНДЕ
Authors: Мұхитов К.С.
Published: May 2023

Бұл мақалада шетел тарихышларының 20 жылдары орын алған индустриализация үрдісі жөнінде жазған еңбектері талқыланады. Сонымен қоса осы үрдістің Қазақстанға тигізген пайдасы мен оның әлеуметтік зардабы сөз болады. Кеңесүкіметі кезінде бұл үрдіс бір жақты зерттелген болатын. Онда индустриализацияның тек пайдалы жағы ғана жазылды. Дегенмен, сол жылдары батыс елдерде бұл үрдіске сын көзбен қарап, оның зиянды жағы кеңінен жазылды. Қазақстан егемен ел болған соң бұл үрдісті кеңінен зерттеуге мүмкіншілік алды.  Осыған орай бұрын-соңды айтылмай келген шетел тарихшыларының пікірі талдана бастады. Бұл мақалада индустриализация жөнінде және оның тигізген әлеуметтік зиянытуралы шетел тарихшыларының пікірі талқыланады.
ОБ ОТРАЖЕНИИ КЫРГЫЗСКО-КАЗАХСКИХ ВЗАИМООТНОШЕНИЙ XVII-XVIII ВВ. В НАУЧНЫХ ТРУДАХ ЧОКАНА ВАЛИХАНОВА
Authors: Сапаралиев Д.Б.
Published: May 2023

Значение богатого творческого наследия казахского ученого Чокана Валиханова в изучении истории народов Центральной Азии как в качестве источника, так и исторического исследования не проходяүе. В данной статье мы произвели подборку и анализ сведений Чокана Валиханова o кыргызско-казахских взаимоотношениях XVIIXVIIIвеков на основе выявленных новых документальных источников и  устных народных преданий этих народов, а также новейших исторических исследований ученых специалистов. В результате этого уточнены и дополнены некоторые,казалось бы, бесспорные хронологические даты и даются новые обөяснения по дискуссионным моментам не только из истории кыргызско-казахских взаимоотношений рассматриваемого периода, но и народов Центральной Азии вцелом.
ИРАН-СЕМИТ КОНЦЕПТТЕРИНИН КЫРГЫЗ ТИЛИНДЕГИ ОРДУ
Authors: Сапарбаева А.А.
Published: May 2023

Бул макалада тил, тилдин өнүгүүсү, чыгыш тилдеринен кыргыз тилине ар тараптуу тийгизген таасири каралат. Иран –семит сөздөрүнүн кыргыз тилинин өнүгүшүнө тийгизген таасирине өзгөчө көөүл бурулат.
XX КЫЛЫМДЫН 80 – ЖЫЛДАРЫНДАГЫ ЯПОНИЯДАГЫ ЭКОНОМИКАЛЫК КАЙРА КУРУУЛАР
Authors: Сатыбалдыева Ч.Т. , Арзыкул кызы Н. , Таир кызы Г. , Имадинова Д.З.
Published: May 2023

Бул илимий макалада XX кылымдын 80 – жылдарындагы Япониядагы экономикалык кайра түзүүлөр жана анын негизги багыттары талдоого алынган.
ЧЫГЫШ ТИЛДЕРИНДЕГИ ТЕРМИНДЕРДИ КЫРГЫЗ ТИЛИНДЕ КИРИЛ ЖАЗМАСЫНДА ЧАГЫЛДЫРУУ КӨЙГӨЙЛӨРҮ ТУУРАЛУУ
Authors: Чоротегин Тынчтыкбек
Published: May 2023

Бул макалада заманбап кыргыз тилинде кирил жазмасында чыгыш элдеринин тилдериндеги терминдерди так, даана чагылдыруунун заманбап системасын калыптандыруу маселеси козголгон. Автор чыгыш терминдерин түздөн-түз кыргызтилине шайкеш кабыл алууга чакырат. Кыргыз тили, орус тилине салыштырмалуу, чыгыш тилдерине окшош болгон бир катар үнсүз жана үндүү тыбыштарга ээ.
ТҮРК ЖАНА БАШКА ЭЛДЕРДИН ЭТНО-МАДАНИЙ БАЙЛАНЫШТАРЫ
Authors: Халматов Х.А.
Published: May 2023

Макалада түрдүү элдердин этно-маданий байланыштары чагылдырылган. Анда кыргыз, өзбек, казак жана башка элдердеги окшош салттарга анализ берилген.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ ФАКТОРОВ НА «СОЦИАЛЬНУЮ СПЛОЧОННОСТЬ» МЕЖДУ СИРИЙСКИМИ И ЛИВАНСКИМИ СООБЩЕСТВАМИ
Authors: Юнас Аммар
Published: May 2023

Ливан принимает приблизительно 1.1 миллиона сирийских беженцев, зарегистрированных УВКБ ООН, который составляет приблизительно 25% ливанского населения. 17 Студентов из 10 национальностей провели исследование врайоне Захла Ливана, чтобы измерить воздействие экономических факторов на социальные сплоченности среди сирийцев и ливанских общин. В течение 6 дней проводились 5 подробных интервью, 5 фокус-групп и 281 обзор ливанцев и сирийцев. Результаты исследования показывают, что напряженные отношения между ливанским и сирийским народами увеличиваются из-за формальных ограничений, роста неформального сектора экономики и помогают полученным беженцам.
КЫРГЫЗ – КЫТАЙ ДИПЛОМАТИЯЛЫК БАЙЛАНЫШТАРЫНЫН ТҮЗҮЛҮШҮ ЖАНА ӨНҮГҮҮ ТАРЫХЫ: АБАЛЫ ЖАНА КЕЛЕЧЕГИ
Authors: Гимазитдинов И.Р. , Тухтаматов А.С. , Мырзаканова С.Т.
Published: May 2023

Бул илимий макалада, Кыргыз-кытай дипломатиялык байланыштарынын түзүлүшү, калыптанышы жана өнүгүү тарыхы, учурдагы абалы жана келечеги тууралуу баяндалат.
¿Cómo se representa la guerra entre Rusia y Ucrania en Twitter? Análisis retórico de los memes más populares
Authors: Gómez-Muñoz Xavier Alejandro , Muñoz-Pico Hilda Paola
Published: May 2023

Paralelamente a las representaciones de los medios de comunicación, los memes se han constituido en un instrumento poderoso de los usuarios en internet para transmitir opiniones y expresar emociones sobre la guerra. Esto ha dado lugar a un fenómeno comunicativo impensado: hablar sobre este hecho con humor, a pesar de los miles de muertos y millones de desplazados. Dado su carácter persuasivo y difusión exponencial, los memes aportan a la creación de la opinión pública y la realidad social. Por esa razón, este estudio pretende descifrar y describir los significados que predominan en los memes más populares sobre este acontecimiento e identificar su intención emocional o cognitiva, la retórica y el estilo del humor que emplean, su finalidad y, en el caso de los memes considerados perjudiciales o dañinos, sus objetivos y público al que apunta el daño. A partir de un análisis retórico y de contenido aplicado a los 10 memes más populares en Twitter se encontró que estos tienen una alta carga moral: señalan los errores de otros. Las críticas están dirigidas a América Latina, a Putin, a los medios de comunicación occidentales y la Organización del Tratado del Atlántico Norte (OTAN). La emoción y la intención predominantes son el miedo y la crítica social. El carácter intertextual de los memes implica tres grados de dependencia semántica. Estos resultados dan cuenta de que detrás de su humor aparentemente inofensivo se permean ideologías, perspectivas y críticas sociales que encuentran apoyo en la red.
Experiential - Participatory Teaching Techniques in Primary Education: Exploring the Views of Greek Teachers
Authors: Evangelou Filippos
Published: May 2023

This research seeks to explore the views of Greek teachers in primary schools on the use of experiential - participatory teaching techniques in the classroom. More specifically, it seeks to investigate whether the use of experiential - participatory techniques will: improve the quality of teaching; make appropriate use of modern learning principles in the context of the functioning of the educational group; and make appropriate use of the specific characteristics, educational needs and interests of students. The research sample consisted of two hundred and ten Greek teachers. A structured questionnaire was used to conduct the research and collect data. The main findings of this research are coded as follows: (a) A very high percentage of teachers state that the quality of teaching is improved by using experiential - participatory teaching techniques, (b) A very high percentage of teachers state that by using experiential - participatory teaching techniques, modern learning principles are appropriately utilized in the context of the educational team functioning, (c) A fairly high percentage of teachers state that the use of experiential - participatory teaching techniques exploits the specific characteristics, educational needs and interests of students.
Phenotypic Assay of Virulence Factors, Biofilms and Antibiotic Resistance among Enterobacterial Uropathogens from Cancer Patients
Authors: Adenipekun E.O. , Lawal A.O. , Nwaokorie F.O. , Ogbonnaya G. , Iwalokun B.A.
Published: May 2023

Background: Virulence factors are associated with Enterobacterial uropathogens in cancer patients. Antimicrobial resistance in association with biofilm formation has intensified the pathogenicity of these uropathogens leading to high morbidity and therapeutic failures. Objective: This study determined and correlated the phenotypic virulence factors, antimicrobial resistance and biofilm forming Enterobacterial uropathogens in cancer patients. Materials and Methods: One hundred and seven (107) samples were collected randomly and processed between April and October, 2018. Twenty-five (25) isolates were recovered and characterized. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing against ten antimicrobials was performed using Kirby Bauer method. Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) was determined with double disk synergy test. Virulence markers haemagglutinin was detected with haemagglutination test, haemolysin was detected by red cell haemolysis and biofilm formation was determined with the Congo red agar on all the isolates. Results: Out of the twenty-five (25) isolates, E. coli (72%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (24%) and Proteus mirabilis (4%) were isolated. 92% isolates were resistant to cefotaxime and 80% resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. 24% were positive for, ESBL, 4% for haemolysin test, 60% for haemagglutination and 40% for biofilm formation. From this study virulence markers were distributed among the isolates, however antibiotic resistance did not determine the presence or type of virulence markers. Conclusion: The present results may assist in developing strategic management of antibiotic therapy in cancer patients with urinary tract infections.
Fertility Assessment of Green Coconut Water in Experimentally Induced Hyperprolactinaemia in Female Sprague-Dawley Rats
Authors: Bakare A.A. , Oremosu A.A.
Published: May 2023

Background: The majority of the causes of female infertility have been associated with imbalances in reproductive hormones particularly hyperprolactinaemia. Green coconut water has been shown to demonstrate estrogenic effect. Objective: To determine the effects of green coconut water on fertility rate in hyperprolactin-induced infertility in female Sprague- Dawley rats. Methods: One hundred and twenty-five cyclic female Sprague-Dawley rats were used for this study. The rats were divided into 6 experimental study groups (I-VI). In experimental study Group I, animals were induced with hyperprolactinaemia and withdrawn to check for recovery. Experimental study Group II animals were post-treated with green coconut water and Group III animals were the co-administered group. In experimental Group IV, animals were pre-treated and Group V animals received green coconut water only. Experiment Group VI was the control group where animals received distilled water only. Results: All the animals in the control group were pregnant and carried their individual pregnancy to full term with typical number of foetuses. There was no foetus seen in the uterus of the induced animals after 20 days of assumed gestation after mating was confirmed. The number of foetuses in the hyperprolactin animals increased following treatment with green coconut water. Conclusion: The results from this investigation have demonstrated that green coconut water is an effective pro-fertility agent in the management of hyperprolactin-induced infertility.
Prevalence and Intensity of Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis among School-Age Children in Densely Urban Populations of Lagos, Nigeria
Authors: Agomo C.O. , Kuku A.A. , Odejide F.T. , Orok A.B.
Published: May 2023

Background: Soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) is common in areas with poor sanitation and hygiene affecting mostly school- age children. Morbidity associated with STH is dependent on intensity of infestation while the frequency of mass deworming of children is determined by the prevalence of STH in a given population. Objectives: The study was conducted to determine the prevalence and intensity of STH among school-age children attending public schools in Lagos State, Nigeria. Methods: Four hundred and forty three children aged 5-14 years attending public schools in Lagos Mainland and Mushin Local Government Areas (LGAs) were recruited into the study. Faecal samples were analysed by Kato Katz method for the presence of eggs and larvae of helminths. Demographic characteristics of the pupils were captured using a questionnaire. Results: A total of 443 children [Mushin: 200; Ebute Metta: 243] consisting of 222 (50.1%) boys and 211 (49.9%) girls participated in this study. The prevalence of STH was 14.9% (66/443) [Ebute Metta 20.2%; Mushin 8.5%; p=0.001]. More boys 41 (18.5%) were infested with STH than girls 25 (11.3%) (p=0.034). The mean age, weight and height of pupils were not associated with infestation with STH (p>0.05). The prevalence of the parasites species were: Ascaris lumbricoides 59 (13.3%), Trichuris trichiura 3 (0.7%), hookworm 2 (0.5%), coinfestation of A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura 2 (0.5%). Of the 66 children with STH infestation, 61 (92.4%) were light intensity infestations while 5 (7.6%) had moderate intensity infestation. Conclusion: Prevalence of STH was low and characterized by light intensity infestations in urban Lagos. Ascaris lumbricoides was the most prevalent helminth species.
Toxicological Evaluation of a Dissolvable and Disinfectant Condom in Rodents
Authors: Awodele O. , Popoola T.D. , Tomoye O. , Afolayan G. , Nwigwe I. , Oyibo W.
Published: May 2023

Background: Dissolvable and disinfectant male condoms are designed to dissolve fully in the vagina within 1–2 minutes, releasing activated elements with antimicrobial as well as spermicidal action. However, this supposed benefit might also be a source for concern, as it could make them toxic. Objectives: This study evaluates the toxicological profile of a new dissolvable and disinfectant condom using rodent toxicological models. Methods: Using standard models, we conducted acute, sixty days sub-chronic, micronuclei induction, skin sensitivity, vaginal irritation and teratological toxicity tests (doses ranging from 200 to 3200 mg/kg) on the condom sample. Results: Oral LD 50 was estimated to be >3200 mg/kg. No observed changes in biochemical and haematological parameters were observed on sub-chronic exposure; however, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level was significantly increased at 1600 mg/kg. A significant increase in the incidence of micro-nucleated cells was observed in the micronucleus assay while no toxic effect was observed in the skin sensitivity test. Histological assessment revealed the incidence of vasculitis and fibrosis in the condom exposed vagina in the vaginal irritation test. Foetal resorption (100%) was observed in the 3200 mg/kg group in the teratological test. No incidence of growth retardation, gross malformations, histopathologi-cal, biochemical and haematological differences were observed at first filial when compared with control. Conclusion: Micronuclei induction possibly due to lipid peroxidation effects, the incidence of vagina fibrosis/vasculitis and foetal resorptions at doses lower than possible human exposure suggest some caution in the use of this product.
Considering a New Approach of Teaching in University of Lagos: Perception of Final Year Medical and Dental Students
Authors: Osinubi A.A.A. , Odebiyi D.O. , Odugbemi T.O. , Balogun M.R. , Igwilo I.A. , Medubi L.J. , Olabiyi O. , Ademuyiwa A. , Ajayi O.F. , Uti O. , Ogunsola F.T.
Published: May 2023

Background: Case-based learning (CBL) is often a small group teaching method used to stimulate and underpin the acquisition of knowledge, skills and attitudes through active involvement of the students. It is now promoted in many universities because it teaches important concepts and facts within the context of authentic or real-world situations. Objectives: The objective of this study was to assess the perception of final year medical students to a proposed new teaching method (CBL) in the College of Medicine of the University of Lagos (CMUL), Lagos, Nigeria. Methods: A total of 45 final year medical (34, 75.6%) and dental (11, 24.4%) students of the CMUL participated in this survey. They were taken through two cases using CBL coordinated by two different facilitators. Each teaching session took about 45 min.; thereafter they were required to complete a pre-tested self-administered questionnaire which collected information on socio- demographic characteristics, perception of the proposed new teaching method (CBL) and comparison with previous experiences of being taught with the traditional method (TM). The data were then collated and analysed using Microsoft Excel 2010. Results: Most (29, 64.5%) of the participants were less than 25 years with a male to female ratio of 1:1. All the participants agreed that CBL fosters student-teacher interaction. The majority of the students agreed that CBL effectively fulfilled learning objectives (44, 97.8%), promoted student participation (44, 97.8%), encouraged teamwork (42, 93.3%), was relevant to their current level of study (42, 93.3%) and their future practice (42, 93.3%), and is likely to promote acquisition of knowledge (41, 91.2%) while only 35 (77.7%) felt it stimulated them to look forward to next class. All the participants opined that CBL is more interesting, makes learning fun, student-centred, encourages team work and is a better way of developing their critical reasoning skills. The TM of teaching was perceived by 30% of the participant as providing better factual knowledge on the subject matter. Three-quarters of the participants welcome the use of CBL for teaching in the CMUL. Conclusion: The majority of the final year medical and dental students of the University of Lagos found CBL to be beneficial in all the assessed parameters and overwhelmingly approved the use of CBL in the CMUL.
Antioxidant Potential of Methanol Extract of Xylopia aethiopica Leaves
Authors: Oyedeji T.A. , Ehigie A.F. , Nwaechefu O.O.
Published: May 2023

Background: Plants possess an array of phytochemicals and are mostly used in the treatment of diseases associated with high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Xylopia aethiopica is a plant widely found in tropical Africa and used traditionally as spices in food and for the treatment of skin infection in Nigeria. The leaves are used in the management of boils, wounds, cough and menstrual pain in women. Objective: This study assessed the phytochemicals and antioxidant potentials of the methanol extract of X. aethiopica (MEXA) leaves. Methods: The leaves of X. aethiopica were extracted with methanol. Qualitative phytochemical screening, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were determined. In vitro antioxidant potential of the methanol extract of X. aethiopica leaves was assessed by evaluating its reducing power, the extent of inhibition of 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS), 1,1, Diphenyl 2, picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl (OH), nitric oxide (NO) and lipid peroxidation. Results: The result of the phytochemical screening of the MEXA leaves showed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides and polyphenols. Total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were 49.42±2.7 mg/GAE/100 g and 28.3±1.8 mg/QE/100 g, respectively. Also, the reducing power of MEXA leaves increased with increasing concentration of the extract. Furthermore, MEXA leaves significantly (p< 0.05) inhibited ABTS, DPPH, hydroxyl and nitric oxide radicals in a concentration-dependent manner. The extract also significantly (p<0.05) inhibited Fe2+-induced lipid peroxidation in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the methanol extract of Xylopia aethiopica leaves possesses potent phytochemicals which could significantly scavenge free radicals and may be useful in treatment of diseases associated with high levels of reactive oxygen species.
Antidiabetic Effect of Aqueous Root Extract of Strophanthus hispidus in Fructose-induced Type 2 Diabetic Sprague Dawley Rats
Authors: Fageyinbo M.S. , Akindele A.J. , Agbaje E.O.
Published: May 2023

Background: Strophanthus hispidus DC. (Apocynaceae) (SHP) is used in African traditional medicine in the treatment of several diseases including diabetes. Objective: The study sought to explore and scientifically validate the antidiabetic activity of Strophanthus hispidus in fructose- induced Type 2 diabetic Sprague Dawley rats. Methods: S. hispidus (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg p.o.), glibenclamide (5 mg/kg p.o.), normal saline (10 mL/kg p.o.; diabetic control) and distilled water (10 mL/kg p.o.; normal control) were administered once daily for 28 days to 12 weeks fed fructose rats with homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) >1.5 and fasting blood glucose (FBG) level >200 mg/dL. Measurement of FBG and body weight of the fructose-induced Type 2 diabetic rats was carried out at 7 days interval. On day 28, blood samples were collected for assessment of serum biochemical parameters, including albumin (ALB), total protein (TP), creatinine, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), bilirubin and urea; serum insulin; and haematological (haemoglobin, Hb and glycated haemoglobin, HbA1c) parameters. The liver of rats was harvested for glycogen assay. Results: S. hispidus-treated fructose-induced Type 2 diabetic rats produced significant (p<0.05) day-dependent reduction in FBG level and significant (p<0.05) increase in HDL and TP levels compared with diabetic control rats. In addition, significant (p<0.05) decrease in TG, LDL, TC, AST, ALT, ALP, bilirubin, creatinine and urea levels was produced compared with diabetic control rats. Furthermore, significant (p<0.05) increase in serum insulin and liver glycogen levels was also observed. S. hispidus- treated diabetic rats displayed significant (p<0.05) increase in Hb and decrease in HbA1c levels. Conclusion: The findings in this study showed that S. hispidus possesses beneficial antidiabetic property in Type 2 diabetes. This validates its use in African traditional medicine in the treatment of diabetes.
Plasma Ferritin Levels, Oxidative Stress and Nephropathy in Diabetes
Authors: Azenabor A. , Kolawole A. , Williams O. , Ekun O. , Ozuruoke D.
Published: May 2023

Background: Elevated plasma levels of ferritin and oxidative stress have been associated with diabetic nephropathy; the onset of which is insidious. The early stages of glomerular hyper filtration often go unnoticed in the majority of subjects. This limit the precision of creatinine based glomerular filtration rate estimates. Objective: We sought to document the role of plasma ferritin and oxidative stress markers in the early detection of nephropathy in diabetes mellitus (DM). Subjects and Methods: This was a cross sectional analytical study conducted on 360 participants, comprising of 220 with DM and 140 age matched apparently healthy control individuals. Fasting blood samples were collected for the estimations of glucose, plasma ferritin, urea, creatinine and oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione and catalase). Results: The mean ferritin levels in DM (83.77 ± 4.18 ng/ml) was significantly higher than the controls (55.60 ± 10.41ng/ml) (p = 0.004) . A significant correlation of ferritin and malondiadehyde (r = 0.422, p = 0.050) was observed in DM. Inverse associations of creatinine and superoxide dismutase (r = -0.298, p = 0.011), as well creatinine and catalase (r = -0.270, p = 0.022) were observed in DM. Possible predictors of nephropathy include ferritin, superoxide dismutase, catalase and reduced glutathione. Conclusion: Elevated plasma ferritin levels in addition to some antioxidant enzymes, notably superoxide dismutase and catalase, contribute to the pathogenesis of nephropathy in DM.
Evaluation of Zidovudine, Lamivudine and Nevirapine Plasma Concentrations and Factors influencing their Plasma Drug Exposure in Children Aged 2–14 Years Living with HIV at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital
Authors: Nwaiwu O. , Akinleye M.O. , Akindele A.J. , Akanmu A.S. , Adeyemi O.O.
Published: May 2023

Background: Plasma concentrations of antiretroviral drugs have become important determinants of treatment success, treatment failure and toxicity. There is a paucity of antiretroviral plasma concentration data in our local paediatric human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) literature in Nigeria. Objective: To evaluate plasma concentrations of zidovudine, lamivudine, and nevirapine after 2 years of combination therapyand to determine factors that influence plasma drug exposure in children aged 2–14 years living with HIV. Subjects and Methods: This was a cross-sectional prospective study in which plasma concentrations of zidovudine, lamivudine and nevirapine were simultaneously determined using a simple, rapid and sensitive high performance liquid chromatographic method with UV detection. Plasma concentrations obtained were compared to published data (Cmin and Cmax ) and regulatory reference data (C max only). Results: The median plasma concentrations were 0.062, 1.435 and 4.450 μg/mL for zidovudine, lamivudine and nevirapine respectively. Supratherapeutic plasma zidovudine, lamivudine and nevirapine levels occurred in 33%, 22% and 26% of patients respectively. Supratherapeutic levels were however not significantly associated with adverse events (p>0.05).At 2 years,age (p=0.018) was significantly associated with zidovudine concentrations, with older children having higher levels. There was a perfect agreement between adherence and plasma concentrations of nevirapine (p=0.020). Conclusion: Plasma concentrations were similar to levels previously reported in children with therapeutic, supratherapeutic and nevirapine supratherapeutic levels. There were no observed significant associations between plasma drug concentrations and toxicity. The clinical relevance of observed significant higher levels of plasma zidovudine with increasing age, and supratherapeutic plasma exposures of zidovudine, lamivudine and nevirapine needs further investigations.
Screening for Tuberculosis Infection among Asymptomatic Students of a Nigerian Tertiary Institution: Comparing Three Different Methods
Authors: Oyedeji K.S. , Olotu H.B. , Odeniyi O.M. , Ushie N.S.
Published: May 2023

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) screening is not common among asymptomatic individuals despite its global health threat. Exposure of undergraduate medical and allied students to infections, for example TB, during clinical postings and their living conditions underscores the reason for investigating these asymptomatic students living in the hostel of a tertiary institution in a resource poor setting. Further, Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) is adjudged the best method for screening Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) but due to its cost, the use of Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was explored in this study. Objective: To explore and compare the use of tuberculin skin test (TST), chromatographic rapid blood test and TB ELISA screening technique for detection of TB infection among asymptomatic students in a medical hostel. Method: One hundred and twenty apparently healthy medical and allied students of the College of Medicine of the University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria, were enrolled in this study. Questionnaires were administered to consented participants and TB detection was performed using TST, ELISA and chromatographic rapid blood test methods. Results: The prevalence of asymptomatic TB using ELISA was 36.7% and 29.2% for TST. These results showed agreement when tested statistically (X 2 = 1.646; P = 0.199; concordance agreement of 65.8%; 95% CI) while no TB was detected using the chromatographic rapid blood test kit. The positive and negative predictive values of ELISA were 66.7% and 100% respectively. When tested statistically, there was correlation between TB detection and contact with persons having active TB. Conclusion: It could be suggested that ELISA and TST method can be used for TB detection among asymptomatic individuals in a resource poor setting where IGRA may be expensive and uncommon.
從社會資本談社區型社會企業的發展與創新：以東片寶石村社會企業為例
Authors: 梁易慈 梁易慈 , I-Tzu Liang 王仕圖
Published: May 2023

本研究為了解社區型社會企業發展過程，運用那些社會資本於其發展和創新服務中。研究以屏東縣東片寶石村社會企業為研究對象。結果發現，該社會企業運用之社會資本包含組織規範與制度、成員的共同理念、對社區與社會企業之使命與責任、與社區之互動關係、與社區建立信任關係、多元資源取得管道、以及社會網絡。社會資本對於該社會企業之創新，包括組織規範與制度、與社區之互動策略的創新、以及多元資源取得管道。本研究針對該組織及公部門提出相關建議。對社會企業之建議包含提升組織人力資本、建立與消費者的信任關係、運用社會網絡資源、以及組織運作模式之傳承。對於公部門之相關建議，則有建立資訊交流平台和協助社會企業人力培訓。

 

This study examined the development process of a community-based social enterprise (CBSE) to understand the social capital used by CBSE in innovative services. This study took the social enterprise of Dongpian Baoshi Village in Pingtung County as the research target. The findings indicate that social capital used in the development of CBSE includes the following: organizational norms and institutions, common ideas of the members, the mission and responsibility of the community and social enterprise, interactions with the community, the trust relationship with the community, multiple channels for obtaining resources, and the social network. Social enterprise innovation based on social capital includes organizational norms and institutions, interactive strategies with the community, and multiple channels to obtain resources. Recommendations for developing social enterprises can be divided into suggestions for the organization and the public sector.

 
從陌生人到工作夥伴：新北市培力中心社區紮根歷程
Authors: 黃珮玲 黃珮玲 , Pei-Ling Huang 呂佳蓓
Published: May 2023

社區紮根於本文意指深入底層，打下基礎，同時也關注利害關係人的網絡串連，並提升社區意識、社會參與及社會資本。自2017年迄今，新北市社區培力中心秉持雙軌目標進行社區紮根工作，包含：1.政策目標及2.願景目標，且發展出四階段歷程：1.建立品牌與社區盤點、2.社區能力培力及福利社區化推廣、3.社福議題發展及深化、及4.多元議題發展；就社區紮根成效而言，共分成四項說明：1.社區參與及自主延續性提升、2.共識凝聚為社區紮根之本，3.任務編組朝結構化發展，及4.願景目標成為紮根軸心。文末針對新北中心之未來省思及展望提出兩點說明：1.深化社區培力者及轉譯者角色、2.強化面對變動的韌性及耐力。

 

Community rooting refers to deepening the foundation at the grassroots level, while also focusing on network connections among stakeholders and enhancing community awareness, social participation, and social capital. Since 2017, the Community Empowerment and Development Center of New Taipei City has upheld a dual-track approach, which includes: (1) policy objectives and (2) vision objectives, and four stages: (1) establishment of brand and community inventory, (2) community capacity building and welfare community promotion, (3) development and deepening of social welfare issues, and (4) development of diverse issues. The effectiveness includes: (1) enhancement of community participation and sustainability, (2) consensus as the foundation of community rootedness, (3) task grouping towards structured development, and (4) realization of vision objectives as the core of rootedness. Finally, two points are proposed for future concerns: (1) deepening the roles of community empowerment practitioners and translators, and (2) strengthening resilience and endurance in the face of changes.

 
Exposición de la economía y el sistema bancario españoles a los terceros países materiales
Authors: Andres-Escayola Erik , Berganza Juan Carlos , Lara Begoña , Vidal Elena
Published: May 2023

Motivación

El Banco de España realiza un ejercicio anual de identificación de terceros países de fuera del Espacio Económico Europeo con los que las entidades de crédito españolas mantienen exposiciones de relevancia. Por ello, es importante analizar la exposición de la economía española a estos «países materiales» desde diferentes perspectivas.

Ideas principales

• En 2022, el Banco de España identificó a Reino Unido, Estados Unidos, México, Brasil, Turquía, Chile, Perú y Colombia como terceros países materiales para el sistema bancario español. En este artículo se describe la exposición bancaria, comercial y financiera de la economía española a estos países.

Entre ellos, destaca la exposición al Reino Unido, que ocupa el primer lugar en la mayoría de las variables consideradas. Estados Unidos obtiene asimismo cuotas muy elevadas.

Entre las economías emergentes, destaca la exposición española a Brasil y México en activos y pasivos bancarios y en inversión extranjera directa con origen en España. Respecto al resto de los países, la exposición es de mucha menor cuantía, siendo mayor en el caso de Chile y Turquía que en el de Colombia y Perú.
Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary: Clinical features, treatment, and outcome factors: A study report of 25 cases
Authors: El Abbassi Imane , Joudar Imane , Khalloufi Chadia , Ennachit Mohammed , Benhessou Mustapha , El Kerroumi Mohammed
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Ovarian granulosa tumors are malignant tumors belonging to the group of sexual cord and stromal tumors. Two histological forms are distinguished: a form of adult which is the most common, and a much rarer juvenile form.

Case Report: Our study is retrospective and concerned 25 cases of ovarian granulosa tumor, collected at the Mohammed VI center for the treatment of gynecological mammary cancers at the Ibn Rochd University Hospital in Casablanca during the period from January 2010 to December 2021. It aims to study the clinical, radiological, anatomopathological, therapeutic, and prognostic features of this tumor.

Conclusion: Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary is a rare malignancy with a particularly slow evolution; got is characterized by the frequency of the stages localized, its tendency to late recurrence. The prognosis of the tumor granulosa of the ovary is relatively good and depends mainly on the stage (FIGO).
La experiencia turística imposible.
Authors: Mansilla Jose , Yanes Torrado Sergi , Espinosa Zepeda Horacio
Published: May 2023

La economía de Menorca depende del turismo y la construcción. Considerada “Reserva de la Biosfera”, sus principales atractivos están vinculados al sol y la playa. Consecuentemente, su política turística apuesta de forma decidida por la promoción y la atracción de visitantes. La capital de la isla, Maó, cuenta con una planificación estratégica que, sin embargo, deja de lado importantes recursos que podrían ponerse al servicio del turismo. Este es el caso de les Festes de Gràcia, las cuales han quedado fuera de su posible inclusión dentro del abanico de elementos a disposición del turismo experiencial. En el presente artículo se exploran las causas de esta exclusión a través de un trabajo etnográfico prolongado sobre el terreno y centrado en esta particular fiesta del archipiélago balear.
Direito fundamental ao trabalho: o problema da efetivaçãoe judicialização das políticas públicas
Authors: Nomizo Silvia Leiko
Published: May 2023

No Brasil, com o intuito de proteger e promover a dignidade de pessoa humana é estabelecida uma séria de direitos e garantias, ditos fundamentais, previstos no texto constitucional, em legislações infraconstitucionais e em documentos internacionais ratificados pelo país. Dentre esses direitos e garantias existem os direitos sociais, incluindo-se o direito ao trabalho, cuja fundamentalidade e efetivação são temas que geram bastante discussão nos dias atuais, constituindo-se na problemática que ensejou esta pesquisa. O presente trabalho visa verificar a questão da fundamentalidade e da efetivação do direito ao trabalho, como destaque na questão da judicialização das políticas públicas. A metodologia empregada para a elaboração do trabalho consiste em realização de pesquisas bibliográfica e documental, de natureza qualitativa, empregando-se ainda os métodos monográfico e dedutivo. Ao final, pode-se concluir que o direito ao trabalho é um direito fundamental e que carece da criação e implementação de políticas públicas voltadas à sua efetivação, bem como constatou-se que a judicialização das políticas públicas não pode ser considerada como uma afronta a tripartição dos Poderes.
Proposta metodológica para avaliação de cursos de Bacharelado em Engenharia Ambiental e Sanitária
Authors: Paula Junior Luiz Affonso de , Nóbrega Marcelo de Jesus Rodrigues da
Published: May 2023

A avaliação da educação superior brasileira atravessou e continua vivenciando intensas adequações, podendo ser considerado um processo vivo. Neste contexto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo propor uma nova metodologia para avaliação das matrizes e conteúdos curriculares dos cursos de Bacharelado em Engenharia Ambiental e Sanitária. Para isso, realizou-se uma análise descritiva, partindo da legislação vigente, das atribuições e competências profissionais estabelecidas pelo CONFEA, dos Projetos Pedagógicos, matrizes curriculares e ementas das disciplinas dos cursos ofertados por instituições públicas. Por meio do percurso metodológico empregado, tornou-se possível observar que os cursos necessitam de adequações. Em relação às atribuições e competências relacionadas ao controle de vetores biológicos e transmissores de doenças; às instalações prediais sanitárias; e ao saneamento dos alimentos, as mesmas são tratadas por poucas instituições ou até mesmo desconsideradas. Assim, contribui-se para a formação de profissionais possivelmente limitados e/ou alijados da realização de atividades inerentes à sua profissão.
The sensorially and socially adapted architecture: an analysis of the environment and its impact on the learning of students with (TEA)
Authors: Silva Carine Dantas da , Leal Débora Araújo
Published: May 2023

This theme addresses the links between autism and built space, a theme on the rise in the scientific world around the world. The adopted methodology was the bibliographical research. As responsible for creating environments that meet the needs of their users, architects around the world seek to discuss the relationships between the architectural guidelines necessary for the construction of a space adapted to people with ASD. Bearing in mind that autism causes limitations in the individual's sensory perception and our senses, a discussion is necessary to understand the spatial influence on people with autism and how more friendly environments can be offered to their sensory needs. Despite the evidence of the importance of the environment for the learning of autistic people, the law does not guide or mention the adaptation of the physical space. The purpose of this paper is to identify, in the light of Space Syntax, a theory that studies the configuration of physical spaces and their influences on the relationships established upon them, the architectural criteria used in the elaboration of learning spaces aimed at people with ASD and how these criteria are configured in the analyzed projects.
Communication and information technologies and teaching the Portuguese Language: nuances of a public school in Santo Estevão - BA
Authors: Leal Rute Araújo , Araújo Francisco Roberto Diniz , Leal Débora Araújo
Published: May 2023

The article aims to demonstrate how communication and information technologies contribute to the teaching of Portuguese in a public school in Santo Estevão - BA. The methodology permeated by qualitative research was adopted through field research and bibliographical study and legislative documents, in addition to authors who address ICT. It was verified in the results through the interviews collected in the field, that the Technologies of the Information and Communication (ICT), make possible to the student the direct contact with the globalization. It can also be used as a methodological resource, enabling the teacher to use it as a new tool in the teaching-learning process. Therefore, it is expected that educational practices seek to overcome the inconveniences regarding the handling of technological equipment and enable an education focused on the formation of the human being, preparing him to live in a society that lives in constant transformations, and that does not ignore the reality of all. those who are inserted in their social and historical context.