bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CHANNEL LEVEL PROTOCOLL PARAMETERS
Authors:   Tashkent State Technical University, Karimov Sh , Cho Y
Published: April 2021

There is justification for a simulation model for assessing channel level protocols. The effect of the data link layer protocol parameters on the data transfer function is analyzed. The data link protocol parameters have been specified and split into two categories, which are customizable and not configurable. In the work, parameters such as the acceptable information frame size are related in detail to the tunable data link protocol parameter; service personnel format; time-out value; unconfirmed frame window size, etc. That nominal data transfer rate, error-correcting codes used, etc. are non-configurable parameters.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE OPTIMAL DESIGN OF A CYCLONE APPARATUS WITH A FLUIDIZED BED FOR THE PROCESS OF METALS PNEUMATIC SEPARATION IN THE COMPOSITION OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE
Authors:   Tashkent State Technical University, Yusupbekov N , Yunusov B , Gulyamov Sh , Yunusov I , Kasimov F
Published: April 2021

Recycling of techno genic waste accumulated in recent years in Uzbekistan is currently a pressing problem. In this regard, this paper examines the issue of studying the process of enrichment of man-made waste in a cyclone with a fluidized bed. To conduct the experiment on experimental advanced devices with extended zones five types of samples of techno genic waste with the limits of 0.072÷0.078mm, 0.064÷0.070mm, 0.057÷0.063mm, 0.046÷0.055mm and 0.041÷0.044mm have been prepared. Nomograms have been obtained using mathematical models to determine particle size limits, which ensure good separation. Experiments have been carried out on the separation of techno genic waste in three structures of a cyclone with a fluidized bed: cylindrical, cylindrical with one extended zone and cylindrical with two extended zones. The best results are obtained in a fluidized bed machine with one extended zone. The following results were obtained for a sample with a 0.041÷0.044 mm limit size: the number of Mo increased 40 times, Ag increased 20 times, Mn increased 2.5 times, Cu increased 1 time, Ti increased 6.6 times, Ni decreased 125 times and the number of Si in the selected sample decreased from 20% to 12%.
LABORATORY STUDY OF PARAMETERS OF CONTOUR BLASTING IN THE FORMATION OF SLOPES OF THE SIDES OF THE CAREER
Authors:   Tashkent State Technical University, Zairov Sh , Urinov Sh , Tukhtashev A , Borovkov Y
Published: April 2021

Explored theoretically the interaction of explosive charges in the preliminary gap formation in quarries. A methodology has been developed for conducting experimental studies of blast well contour explosions on models, which allows one to investigate crack formation on volumetric models and wave interaction using high-speed video recording of the explosion process in transparent models, as well as determine the parameters of explosion stress waves in samples of real rocks. Theoretical and laboratory researches have established that only the creation of a screening gap for the entire height of the non-working ledge allows you to get a virtually undisturbed array with a high-quality surface of the slope
RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS ON THE STATE OF THE SIDES OF DEEP QUARRIES
Authors:   Tashkent State Technical University, Mahmudov D , Kadirov V , Karimov Sh , Hamraev Y
Published: April 2021

The article considers the influencing technological factors of mining operations on the state of the quarry sides. In technological processes, the stability of the sides of rock and semi-rock rocks and the value of the angle of inclination of the sides is most affected by drilling and blasting operations. It is determined that effective technological schemes in the zone of residual deformations should be carried out taking into account the geological structure of the contour array. Changing the opening scheme is associated with the development system and mining mode. To ensure the safety of the sides of deep quarries, several variants of schemes, crevice formation in the contour zone and methods for controlling deformation processes are recommended.
CONDITIONS OF FORMATION OF SULFIDE WATERS IN PARAGENESIS WITH EVAPORITE AND OIL AND GAS-BASED FORMATIONS IN THE ARTESIAN POOLS OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN
Authors:   Tashkent State Technical University, Juraev M , Bimurzaev G , Razykov B , Khaidarov B
Published: April 2021

The lithological-facies factor is considered with the aim of studying the natural and geological conditions in which hydrogen sulfide waters are formed in gas and oil fields in the artesian basins of the Republic of Uzbekistan. The distribution of hydrogen sulfide waters is closely related to the areas of joint development of halogen rocks and oil and gas complexes. Since the term “paragenesis” refers to the joint finding of minerals or chemical elements genetically related, this map is a map of the paragenesis of hydrogen sulfide waters with evaporites and oil and gas complexes. In the absence of one of the necessary conditions (sulfates or petroleum organics), hydrogen sulfide waters of high concentration are not formed. Hydrogen sulfide waters in the identified anticlinal structures are formed due to the presence of insignificant gas and oil deposits, which are not of industrial importance
AN ALGORITHM FOR CONTROLLING A TRACTION ASYNCHRONOUS DRIVE THAT MINIMIZES ELECTRICAL POWER LOSSES
Authors:   Tashkent State Technical University, Burhanhodjaev A , Berdiev U , Iksar E , Kayumov C
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the improvement of traction and energy performance main-line locomotives due to more complete use of possibilities of flexible microprocessor control and efficient algorithm that provides reduction of electrical losses in the traction asynchronous drive over the entire range working capacity. In the best way for a promising loco is tract with using a traction asynchronous drive. Such kind of tract drives allow completely use of the coupling mass of loco compares with collector track drive, due to the absence of a collector it is possible to increase the active length of the rotor and high reliability which makes it possible to realize increased axial power
SELF-HEATING AND SPONTANEOUS COMBUSTION ANGREN BROWN COAL
Authors:   Tashkent State Technical University, Israilov M , Akbarov T , Nurboboyev Y
Published: April 2021

The article presents the issues of prevention and prevention of processes related to ensuring safe and comfortable working conditions in the development of coal deposits, namely the study of spontaneous combustion of coal Angren deposit. Chemical activity of coals at low temperatures contributing to spontaneous combustion is emphasized, as well as the influence of hot climate in the region on the increase in chemical activity of coals. In this connection, climatic conditions of the region have been studied, i.e., increased temperature (from +250 to +500C) gives a sharp increase in the chemical activity of Angren coal. The main parameter that characterizes reservoir properties and filtration coefficient, showing the ability of the reservoir to let fluid through under the influence of the applied pressure gradient, is determined. The causes of spontaneous combustion are studied, depending on the rate of oxygen sorption by coal, reducing its pre-injection of water into the coal bed before excavation, the method of calculation of determining the incubation period of spontaneous combustion of coal is given
INCREASING CALIBRATION ACCURACY OF THE HUMIDITY CONTROL MEASURING DEVICE OF BULK MATERIALS
Authors:   Tashkent State Technical University, Uljaev E , Narzullaev Sh , Erkinov S
Published: April 2021

For increasing accuracy of a measuring device, before carrying out measurement, implementation of graduation, which consists of the establishment of correlation dependence between indications of the measuring device and humidity of specific material, is required. For the creation of calibration dependence of the developed measuring device as the measured 10 test samples of ammonium nitrate (nitrogen) with humidity from 0% to 2.5%, with different intervals are selected. For determination of the humidity content of ammonium nitrate, it is measured the dependence of the frequency on the humidity content of the sample. For each test, several values of frequencies of the measuring generator entered in the table with a calibration frequency are received. In this work, the short review of the known methods on the creation of calibration dependence is carried out, the impossibility of application of exact methods for an objective solution because of removal need of an excessively large number of experimental data at the calibration of the measuring transducer is set and for some other reasons. The analysis of the application of some classes of functions is made for the approximation of an output characteristic. However, the described methods above should be exposed to modification and simplification. In this regard, it is offered to use the least-squares method for improvement of calibration characteristic of a measuring device in the work, the function of calibration dependence in the form of a polynom of the seventh degree is made and matrixes of a system of equations of derivatives of first order are constructed. Further, the help of applying the software environment of Mathcad calculates the made systems of equations. For this, the coefficients of the system of equations are presented in the form of a matrix, and the free terms - in the form of a vector. Further, utilization of the Gaussian method, correction factors were found, on the basis of which a mathematical model of the calibration dependence was built that allows for the optimal accuracy of the calibration of the measuring device.
A METHOD FOR CLASSIFYING ECG SIGNALS WITH DIFFERENT POSSIBLE STATES ON A MULTILAYER PERCEPTRON
Authors:   Tashkent State Technical University, Nematov Sherzod , Talatov Y
Published: April 2021

To automatically determine the state of the cardiovascular system based on the recorded ECG signals, an artificial neural network is trained to classify signals into various possible states. At the same time, the parameters of heart rate variability (HRV) were extracted from the ECG signals and used as input functions for the neural network. HRV is the fluctuation in the time intervals between adjacent heartbeats. For this, the architecture of a neural network based on a multilayer perceptron and a method for obtaining the necessary parameters in the learning process have been developed, and the classification efficiency has been checked and evaluated
METROLOGICAL CERTIFICATION AND TEST CONDITIONS FOR VERIFICATION EQUIPMENT
Authors:   Tashkent State Technical University, Turgunbaev A , Usmanova H , Abdurakhmanov O
Published: April 2021

The article analyzes the metrological certification and test conditions for verification equipment. The main tasks of metrological certification, test conditions, accuracy characteristics of verification equipment, primary, repeated and periodic, expert and inspection certification of verification equipment are considered in the article. Besides, the major tasks of the testing equipment certification are considered as well. They are: establishing the current testing equipment eligibility in accordance with its purpose, establishing the actual reproducibility values of test conditions implemented by testing equipment and assessing the technical characteristics compliance of testing equipment with the safety, hygienic and other special requirements
COSMOSTRUCT URAL MODEL OF THE MALGUZAR MOUNTAINS FOR ORE BEARING DATA PROCESSING ON THE LAIYAGUN MINERALIZED ZONE
Authors:   Tashkent State Technical University, Abdullayev A , Zokirov O , Anna G , Kutie E , Akhmedov Sh
Published: April 2021

Analysis of geological prospecting, geological surveying, geochemical and other materials of the territory of the Malguzar Mountains allows us to note that here the ore-bearing formations are Silurian formations (sandstones, gravelstones, shales), crumpled into folds, which are complicated by a series of faults of north-west strike, zones of splitting and etc. These structures are rectilinear, their zone is characterized by the presence of small fracture structures, areas of swellings (Liyagun mineralized zone) and splits (Ardakshan area). The reason for these swelling and splitting, where gold mineralization is noted, remains not fully studied. The importance of studying these features of ore-controlling faults is determined by the confinement to their zones of gold mineralization and geochemical halos of the main 5 ore chemical components. Consequently, the identified ring structures of the Malguzar Mountains are signs of deep granitoid magmatism, with which gold ore mineralization is genetically related. In the course of the study, linear structures of northeastern striking were established, which, together with northwestern and sublatitudinal faults, form the block structure of the study area
Investigation of BSA adsorption performances of metal ion attached mineral particles embedded cryogel discs
Authors: ACET Ömür
Published: April 2021

Blood plasma is rich in albumin protein. Albumin has some physiological duties. Investigations over separation of albumin has been paid considerable interest for its excellent potential in blood protein production. Natural pumice particles are non-toxic, reasonably priced and alternative adsorbents with excellent adsorption performance. In order to study the adsorption performance of BSA on composite cryogel discs with immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC), Cu+2-attached natural pumice particles were designed and they were embedded into cryogel generated medium. Cu2+-attached natural pumice particle embedded composite cryogel discs (Cu2+-NP-ECDs) were synthesized through polymerization of gel-former factors at minus temperatures. The characterization experiments of the Cu2+-NP-ECDs were accomplished via SEM, FTIR experiments. The experiments were studied in a batch system. The highest amount of adsorbed BSA (356,8 mg/g particles) onto discs was obtained at pH 7.0 (phosphate buffer), 4 mg/mL concentration of BSA. As a result of conducted 30 adsorption-desorption experiments periods, there was no important change in adsorption performance of composite discs.
Synthesis, spectroscopy, and photophysical properties of newly magnesium (II) phthalocyanine
Authors: PİŞKİN Mehmet , ÖZTÜRK Ömer Faruk , ODABAŞ Zafer
Published: April 2021

2(3),9(10),16(17),23(24)-tetrakis-2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy substituted magnesium (II) phthalocyanine, which has very good solubility in polar and non-polar solvents and does not aggregate, was synthesized. Its structure was characterized by spectroscopic methods such as elemental analysis, UV-vis, FT-IR, MALDI-TOF mass and 1H NMR. It has very good solubility in polar aprotic solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide, N, N- Dimethylformamide, tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, and non-polar solvents such as toluene, chloroform. Its aggregation properties have been studied both in the solvents mentioned above and in N, N- Dimethylformamide at different concentrations. Its photophysical properties were determined in N, N-dimethyl formamide. The effects of the nature and presence of 2,6-dimethoxyphenoxy group, which is an antioxidant derivative, on the phthalocyanine skeleton on the spectroscopic and photophysical properties were investigated by comparing it with unsubstituted magnesium (II) phthalocyanine. It can be a good nominee for various technological applications in that it does not aggregate and has good solubility in polar and non-polar solvents, as well as better and favorable fluorescence properties than its analog in the previous study.
Assessment of normal reference values for thyroid uptake of technetium-99m pertechnetate in a Saudi population
Authors: Alshahrani Awad , Syed Gulam M. , Khan Altaf H. , Numani Shah P. , Alnaim Abdulaziz , Alanazi Faisal , Mahzari Moeber M.
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND:

Thyrotoxicosis is a common medical problem. Thyroid nuclear imaging with either I
123
or technetium-99m (Tc-99m) pertechnetate are used to determine the cause. Although I
123
has been the standard technique, Tc-99m pertechnetate is now commonly used, acceptable and easier to perform. The commonly used normal value of Tc-99m pertechnetate is 1–4%, but lower normal values have been reported in different populations.

OBJECTIVE:

Determine normal reference range of Tc-99m pertechne-tate thyroid uptake for thyroid scintigraphy in Saudi Arabia.

DESIGN:

Retrospective, cross-sectional.

SETTING:

Nuclear medicine service at tertiary care center in Riyadh.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

We used data from biochemically euthyroid patients who underwent a thyroid Tc-99m pertechnetate scan while having parathyroid scintigraphy for hyperparathyroidism between April 2009 to April 2019. Medical records and biochemical thyroid function tests were reviewed and Tc-99m pertechnetate thyroid uptake values were determined for each patient.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:

Thyroid uptake of Tc-99m pertechne-tate in euthyroid patients.

SAMPLE SIZE:

167

RESULTS:

The mean and median uptake of Tc-99m pertechnetate in euthyroid patients were 0.86% and 1.0%, respectively, and the inter-quartile range was 0.0–1.0%. The normal reference range in the study population was 0.2-2%. Thyroid uptake inversely correlated with age in females (r=−0.37,
P
<.001), males (r=−0.46,
P
=.001), and for all patients (r=?0.39,
P
<.0001).

CONCLUSION:

The range for normal thyroid Tc-99m pertechnetate was lower than the standard 1-4% range. Moreover, uptake decreased with age. Further studies are needed to establish the normal age-adjusted uptake for the thyroid Tc-99m pertechnetate scan.

LIMITATIONS:

Single center and retrospective.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST:

None.
A Rare Case of Generalized Tetanus Complicating Breast Cancer: A Consequence of Harmful Cultural Practices.
Authors: D. Waziri Garba , A. Adeiza Mukhtar , U. Toli Ibrahim , Iwuozo Emmanuel
Published: April 2021

Tetanus infection is a public health disease and is still a cause of high morbidity and mortality in developing countries compared to the developed countries of the world. Apart from the traditional risk factors for tetanus, ignorance and harmful cultural practices greatly increase the risk and poor outcomes of tetanus in our country. We report this case of fatal generalized tetanus infection from necrotic fungating tumour following application of traditional herbal medication to highlight the link between a non-communicable disease, an infectious disease and poor health seeking behaviour in a global health context. We also reviewed similar cases reported in the literature. Patient consent was sought for before her death and patient confidentiality was assured.
Emergency Contraceptives: Knowledge, Attitude and Prescription Practice of Primary Healthcare workers in Sokoto Metropolis, Northwest Nigeria.
Authors: O. Raji Mansur , Wakkala Sahiha , Salma Mustapha Ummu , Danmalam Usman , A Raji Ismail , O. Raji Hadija , Ezenwoko Ahunna
Published: April 2021

Background: Emergency contraception refers to methods of contraception that can be used to prevent pregnancy after sexual intercourse. About thirty percent of all pregnancies, and 61% of all unintended pregnancies, ended in an induced abortion in Nigeria, and many women with unwanted pregnancies decide to end them by abortion. Healthcare providers' knowledge and attitude towards emergency contraception is very important for dissemination of awareness, consumer acceptance and use of contraceptives, as health care workers interact with large numbers of women and are reliable sources of information. This study aimed to assess healthcare workers' emergency contraception knowledge, attitude and prescription practice. Materials and Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study. Healthcare workers providing services in Primary Health care facilities of Sokoto metropolis were studied. Using formula for sample size estimation for crosssectional study, a total of 419 respondents were recruited into the study using systematic sampling technique. The instrument of data collection was a structured interviewer administered questionnaire and data was collected by means of Open Data Kit for android App and analysed using IBM SPSS statistical software package version 23. Univariate and bivariate analysis were conducted; level of significance was set at 5%. Results: Few (39.9%) respondents knew that Intra uterine contraceptive devices can be used for emergency contraception, only 15.4% knew how emergency contraceptives work. Most (75.4%) believed that emergency contraceptives should be available only on prescription; and 30.5% felt that emergency contraceptive pills promote irresponsible behaviour. More than half of the respondents (56.5%) had prescribed within the last one month, 48.7% of them prescribed less than 5 times within the month. Only 27(8.0%) have ever prescribed emergency contraceptive pills in advance of need. Conclusion: The study respondents had good knowledge of emergency contraceptives, albeit, with some misconceptions, they also demonstrated good attitude, however, the prescription practice was fair.
Effect of traditional sun-drying and oven-drying on carotenoids and phenolic compounds of apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.)
Authors: Derardja Ala eddine , Barkat Malika
Published: April 2021

Background: The indubitable role of phytochemicals such as carotenoids and phenolic compounds in human health has prompted the researchers to study the factors affecting the stability and the availability of these compounds. Aims: This study investigates the effect of two drying processes; oven-drying (OD) and traditional sun-drying (TSD) on carotenoids and phenolic compounds of apricots. Material and Methods: OD was performed at 65°C, and TSD was performed by direct exposure of apricot to sunlight at daytime temperatures around 40°C and relative humidity between 25 and 35%, following an Algerian traditional method of drying. Carotenoids and phenolic compounds were extracted, and then total carotenoids (TC), total phenolic compounds (TPC), total flavonoids (TF) and total tannins (TT) were spectrophotometrically quantified. The free radical scavenging activity (FRSA) of the phenolic extracts was measured by the DPPH method. Results: Carotenoids and phenolic compounds were significantly affected by both drying methods. OD decreased TC and TT by 44% and 12%, respectively, and increased TPC and TF by 4%. TDS affected negatively all the measured components, where TC, TPC, TF, and TT decreased by 67%, 15%, 43%, and 36%, respectively. However, the highest FRSA was reported for the TSD apricots (40%) followed by OD apricots (36%), and fresh apricots (32%). Conclusions: The effect of drying on apricot antioxidants depends on the applied drying method and the studied component. The direct sunlight exposure and the duration of drying condemned TSD to be more harmful on carotenoids and phenolic compounds compared to OD, where carotenoids where more fragile during TSD. In addition, OD improved the content of phenolic compounds by improving their extractability. However, TSD apricots seem to be a better source of free radical scavenging compounds. Keywords: Apricot, traditional sun-drying, oven-drying, carotenoids, phenolic compounds.
Beneficial Effects of a Fermented Maize product with Its Supernatant, Lactobacillus fermentum and Lactobacillus brevis in Rat Model of Colitis
Authors: Audu Haruna J. , Abiodun Oyindamola A. , Ayeni Funmilola A.
Published: April 2021

Background: African fermented foods such as maize cereal (Ogi ) and its supernatant (Omidun) are reservoirs of beneficial lactobacilli and carboxylic acids. Based on their constituents, their beneficial effect in a rat model of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulphonic (TNBS) acid-induced colitis was assessed in comparison with two lactobacilli in a rat model of colitis. Methods: Female Wistar rats were distributed into seven groups of 5 rats each; the rats were pretreated for 14 days prior to colitis induction with Ogi, Omidun, L. fermentum, L. brevis and 7 days post colitic induction. Colitis was induced by an intracolonic administration of TNBS. The response of the rats to treatment was assessed macroscopically and biochemically. Results: Treatment with the Dexamethasone, Ogi and Omidun resulted in a significant reduction in colonic damage score and weight/length ratio (p<0.05). Treatment with Ogi, Omidun, L. brevis, and dexamethasone significantly prevented depletion of colonic glutathione and superoxide dismutase. The up-regulation of myeloperoxidase activity was inhibited in all treated colitic rats (p<0.05). However, Ogi appears to produce a better protective effect than the other treatment groups. Conclusions: This study reports that Ogi protects Wistar rats against the deleterious effect of trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid better than pure lactobacilli strains.

Keywords: Fermented food, lactic acid bacteria, inflammation, oxidative stress.
State Constitutional Rights to Bear Arms Ten Years After Heller/McDonald
Authors: Monea Nino C.
Published: April 2021

N/A
Diagnostic Accuracy of High-Resolution CT in Early Diagnosis of COVID-19 Patients with Comparison to Reverse Transcriptase-PCR
Authors: Khan Usman , Sharif Sana , Khalid Fareeha , Rehman Asif , Rashid Hussain
Published: April 2021

Objective: To determine the accuracy of high-resolution CT (HRCT) in early diagnosis of COVID-19 in comparison to Reverse-Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Study Design and Setting: This was a retrospective study, conducted in Department of Radiology, PNS Shifa Hospital, Karachi from April 2020 to June 2020. Methodology: A total of 115 patients were included in the study who presented with symptoms. Patient’s data such as demographic details, clinical presentations, RT-PCR reports and HRCT reports were collected from the record of the hospital. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS-25. Results: Out of 115 study participants, 98(85.2%) were male and 17(14.8%) were female with the average age of 50.53 (±18.64) years. Fever along with cough was the most common clinical presentation, presented by 91(79.1%) subjects. In comparison to RT-PCR, sensitivity of HRCT was 96.2%, its specificity standing at 60% with the overall accuracy of 93.19%. Moreover, mortality Rate of these symptomatic patients was 11.30% (13 out of 115). The average age of the expired patients was 67.07 (±11.45) years and the age of discharged patients was 48.31 (±17.92) years. The difference in age was statistically significant (p-value <0.001). Conclusion: Highly specific and sensitive diagnostic tests for COVID-19 have not yet been developed. High resolution CT chest has high sensitivity for early diagnosis of COVID-19, hence HRCT should be incorporated as a primary tool in assessment criteria of hospitalized patients for early diagnosis of COVID-19.
The Emotional Burden of COVID 19 in Frontline Health Care Workers at A Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan
Authors: Kakar Muhammad Siddique , Rauf Shehzad , Jalal Umer , Khan Waseem Ahmed , Gul Isbah
Published: April 2021

Objective: To assess the levels of depression, anxiety and stress in frontline health care workers dealing with COVID 19 patients. Study Design and Setting: This cross-sectional study was conducted at PNS Shifa hospital from 1st June 2020 to 14th June 2020. Methodology: Total n=124 health care workers were assessed using Depression, Anxiety and stress scale(DASS 21). All health care workers who dealt with COVID 19 patients were approached and asked to participate after an informed consent. The scale was administered by a doctor who contacted the health care workers directly working with COVID 19 patients through video call and those previously working in this pandemic were contacted in person. The SPSS 20 package program was used for statistical analysis. Quantitative Variables like age were described as mean ± SD. Cross tabulation and Chi- Squared Test were used to identify which of the independent variables had significant influence on the outcome. Results: Total 31(25%) health care workers out of 124 exhibited features of depression whereas 49(39.5%) health care workers showed features of anxiety. Total n=26(21%) health care workers were found to be under stress. It was also seen that depression and anxiety was more common in females and health care workers working as residents, house officers and nursing assistants. Conclusion: This study showed COVID 19 can cause significant distress in health care workers therefore all health care workers dealing with COVID 19 patient should be regularly monitored for psychological symptoms.
Lack of Evidence for Non-Local Muscle Fatigue and Performance Enhancement in Young Adults
Authors: Power Gerard M.J. , Colwell Emily , Saeterbakken Atle Hole , Drinkwater Eric J. , Behm David G.
Published: April 2021

Post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE) is an improvement to voluntary muscle performance following a conditioning activity. There is evidence of fatigue resistance deficits in non-exercised muscles following unilateral fatiguing exercise of a contralateral muscle. The purpose of this study was to determine if a unilateral conditioning exercise protocol could induce PAPE in a contralateral, non-exercised muscle in young healthy adults. Thirty-two recreationally trained (n = 16) and athletically trained (n = 16) participants (16 males; age: 22.9 ± 2.03 years; height: 1.81 ± 0.06 m; weight: 82.8 ± 9.43 kg, and 16 females; age: 23.1 ± 2.80 years; height: 1.67 ± 0.07 m; weight: 66.4 ± 11.09 kg) were randomly allocated into two groups (dominant or non-dominant limb intervention). The experimental intervention, involved a conditioning exercise (4-repetitions of 5-seconds knee extension maximal voluntary isometric contractions: MVIC) with either the dominant (DOM) (n = 16) or non-dominant (ND) (n = 16) knee extensors with testing of the same (exercised) or contralateral (non-exercised) leg as well as a control (no conditioning exercise: n = 32) condition. Testing was performed before, 1-minute and 10-minutes after a high intensity, low volume, conditioning protocol (2 sets of 2x5-s MVIC). Pre- and post-testing included MVIC force and F100 (force developed in the first 100 ms: a proxy measure of rate of force development) and unilateral drop jump (DJ) height and contact time. There were no significant MVIC peak force or EMG nor DJ height or contact time interactions (intervention x limb dominance x time). The pre-test (0.50 ± 0.13) dominant leg MVIC F100 forces exceeded (p = 0.02) both post-test and post-10 min by a small magnitude 8.7% (d = 0.31). There was also a significant (p = 0.02) time x intervention leg x testing leg intervention, although it was observed that the control condition was as likely to demonstrate small to large magnitude changes as were the dominant and non-dominant legs. Following the conditioning activity, there was no significant evidence for non-local improvements (PAPE), or performance decreases.
Identification of Continental Wetlands Using Different Orbital Remote Sensors
Authors: Silva Isadora Taborda , Chaves Jéssica Rabito , Figueiredo Helen Rezende , Ferreira Bruno Silva , Encina César Claudio Cáceres , Pessi Dhonatan Diego , Silva Normandes Matos , Guaraldo Eliane , Paranhos Filho Antonio Conceição
Published: April 2021

This paper evaluates the potential of false-color composite images, from 3 different remote sensing satellites, for the identification of continental wetlands. Landsat 8, Sentinel-2 and CBERS-4 scenes from three different Ramsar sites (i.e., sites designated to be of international importance) two sites located within the Mato-Grossense Pantanal and one within the Sul-mato-grossense were used for analyses. For each site, images from both the dry and rainy seasons were analyzed using Near-Infrared (NIR), Shortwave Infrared (SWIR), and visible (VIS) bands. The results show that false-color composite images from both the Landsat 8 and the Sentinel-2 satellites, with both SWIR 2-NIR-BLUE and NIR-SWIR-RED spectral band combinations, allow the identification of wetlands.
TiO2 NANOTUBES FOR PHOTOCATALYTIC DEGRADATION OF METHYLENE BLUE
Authors:   National Center for Materials Study and Testing, Technical University of Moldova, Ciobanu Vladimir , Plesco Irina ,   National Center for Materials Study and Testing, Technical University of Moldova
Published: April 2021

Titanium dioxide remains one of the most studied semiconductor for photocatalytic applications due to its low cost production, reduced toxicity, ability to break down the organic pollutants and possibility to achieve complete mineralization. In this work, we report on results of the photocatalytic activity of titanium dioxide nanotubes fabricated by electrochemical anodization technique in an electrolyte solution containing a mixture of hydrofluoric acid, ethylene glycol and phosphoric acid. The morphology and crystallinity of the obtained nanotubes were investigated by means of electron microscopy and it was found that nanotubes have a constant outer diameter of 200 nm and an internal conical shape where the diameter gradually decreases from 120 nm at the wide end to 50 nm at the narrow end. The transmission electron microscopy investigation defined two different phases of titanium dioxide obtained after annealing of amorphous TiO2 in air at 650 °C and 850 °C. Photocatalytic activity of the samples have been evaluated in methylene blue solution in the presence of dispersed nanotubes under visible and UV irradiation by means of UV/Vis spectroscopy. Anatase phase TiO2 shows the best performance degrading 85 % of dye in 25 min under UV illumination, while rutile phase with anatase inclusions shows the best results with a 50 % decay of dye concentration in 25 min under visible light illumination.
THE INFLUENCES OF THE ASYMMETRIC GAIN SATURATION EFFECT ON THE DYNAMICS OF InGaAsP FABRY-PEROT LASERS
Authors:   Technical University of Moldova, Dobrovolschi Veronica , Pirtac Constantin ,   Technical University of Moldova, Tronciu Vasile ,   Technical University of Moldova
Published: April 2021

This paper reports on the influence of the asymmetric gain saturation on the dynamics of InGaAsP Fabry-Perot lasers. The results are obtained by numerical simulations of multimode rate equations. The gain saturation effects that results in competition phenomena among lasing modes are investigated. A hopping multimode case is examined in detail. With means of the bifurcation analysis the regions with instabilities in the evolution of the mode intensities have been found. The following operation in the plane of two parameters are obtained: stable single mode, stable multimode, bistabile, and multimode hopping. The pulse traces of amplitudes of modes are plotted to illustrate the observed behaviors. Finally, the influence of linewidth enhancement Henry factor on the laser behavior is investigated.
A REVIEW OF WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK POTENTIAL IN NIGERIA AS A TOOL FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Authors:   Department of Computer Engineering, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Oyedeji Ajibola
Published: April 2021

The emerging trend in the world of technology and Information Technology has posed so many opportunities and challenges. Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a relatively new and rapidly developing technology due to the advancement and development of the micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) technology. The application areas of wireless sensor and wireless sensor network in the society as tools towards achieving sustainable development range from the health sector through the use of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) to a safer, cleaner and healthier environment. This paper highlights and discusses the potentials of wireless sensor network technology in realizing sustainable development in our society, Nigeria as a case study. WSNs can be employed to improve access to quality health services, increased food production through precision agriculture to a better quality of human resources.
SPECTRAL SPACE AS A METHOD FOR DATA CRYPTO PROTECTION USING THE FAST FOURIER TRANSFORM
Authors:   Technical University of Moldova, Balabanov Anatoly , Kunev Vyacheslav ,   Technical University of Moldova, Colesnic Victor ,   Technical University of Moldova
Published: April 2021

The article proposes to solve the problem of real-time application (on-line) of asymmetric bit-by-bit (flow or phoneme block, 32-, 64-,…, n-bits block) encryption of the linear and / or non-linear formants of the spectrum lines of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) as an indirect analogue of a voice message. For this, modernized RSA-m algorithms are used and the spectrum of the voice message in the form of linear formants of number theory, while maintaining the high level of cryptographic resistance inherent of the RSA algorithm. The peculiarity of these algorithms consists in the fact that different lengths of cryptographic keys are used, which are changed with a sufficient frequency, depending on the required level of cryptographic resistance. This feature of the algorithms implements statistically independent encoding of the original message, by encrypting the adequate formants of the original message, i.e. a process characterized by a reduction (compression) of the amount of initial information and its redundancy, as well as an increase of its entropy (the average amount of information per character, phoneme or discrete (n-bit output from the ADC), because in a compressed context, statistically frequent sounds, letters, words, phonemes and even discrete, will be absent, which will significantly complicate the decryption (cryptanalysis) of the message.
STRESS - STRAIN STATE OF THE LOCAL AREA IN THE BUILDING ELEMENT WITH STRUCTURAL DEFECT
Authors:   Pridneprovsk State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Kolokhov Victor , Savytskyi Mykola ,   Pridneprovsk State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Sopilniak Artem ,   Pridneprovsk State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: April 2021

Evaluation of the building element technical state relies on verification calculations using estimated construction material properties. Physical and mechanical properties are estimated predominately by using non-destructive test methods. The accuracy of these methods is affected by the level of stress-strain state of the structural element and present structural defects. The variability of the concrete properties over time under constant loads is a determining factor for the durability and reliability of the structural element. The influence of the physical and mechanical characteristics of a construction material on the deformation process of the local area of the structural element adjacent to the structural defect has been investigated. The research has been performed on structural models using software systems "LIRA SAPR" and "SOLIDWORKS". A structural model having dimensions of 100 x 100 x 400 mm was used for the study. Materials of concrete grades C12/15 through C25/30 with corresponding properties have been used. Load parameters for modeling of the deformation process varied from 0.1 to 0.5 of the ultimate loads. Performed calculations made it possible to obtain fields of stress, deformation and displacement under different model parameters and stress levels.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Pregnant Women Attending the Antenatal Clinic of Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria towards the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic
Authors: West Boma Awoala , Aitafo Josephine Enekole , Bietonka Kalio Dango Genesis
Published: April 2021

Background: COVID-19, a new respiratory infection was declared a global pandemic in 2020. Pregnant women are at risk because of their physiologic and immunologic changes. Preventive measures are essential as there is no definite cure. This study was therefore carried out to determine the knowledge, attitudes and practices of pregnant women attending antenatal clinic of Rivers State University Teaching hospital, Nigeria towards the COVID-19 pandemic.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted at the antenatal clinic of the hospital over 6weeks. Scores assessing knowledge, attitudes and practices were allocated and graded based on specific stratified demarcations.
Results: Two hundred and six respondents (81.4%) were assessed to have good knowledge. Fifty-one (20.2%) had overall good attitude while 67(26.5%) had good practice of preventive measures. The commonest symptoms of COVID-19 recalled were cough 169(27.8%), shortness of breath 153(25.1%) and fever 145(23.7%). Parity, mother’s and spouse’s level of education and occupation were significantly associated with knowledge levels while age of the mothers was associated with the attitude towards COVID-19 infection. Parity, mother’s and spouse’s level of education and occupation were significantly associated with the practice levels. There was an association of good knowledge and good attitude levels with good practice level (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Although pregnant women in Port Harcourt generally had good knowledge, majority of them had poor attitude and practice towards the pandemic. We therefore recommend strengthening public health education campaigns (including via antenatal clinic health talks, television and social media), providing evidence-based policies and debunking of wrong beliefs.

Key words: COVID-19; Knowledge; Attitude; Practice; Pregnant women.
FORMULASI DAN EVALUASI TABLET DARI FRAKSI AKTIF ANTIOKSIDAN DAUN CINCAU HIJAU (Premna oblongata Miq.)
Authors: Najihudin Aji , Nuari Doni Anshar , Sriarumtias Framesti Frisma , Julaikho Yosi Roila
Published: April 2021

Daun cincau hijau secara tradisional telah digunakan sebagai bahan utama pembuatan makan dan minuman. Penggunaannya sebagai makan dan minuman memberikan manfaat kesehatan bagi masyarakat. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, perlu adanya pengkajian aktivitas farmakologi dan pengembangan sediaan farmasi agar memudahkan dalam penggunaannya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan dari fraksi yang paling aktif dari daun cincau hijau (Premna oblongata Miq.) dan menentukan formulasi sediaan tablet yang tepat untuk fraksi tersebut. Daun cincau hijau dilakukan proses ekstraksi dan fraksinasi. Hasil fraksi kemudian dilakukan pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dengan metode DPPH. Fraksi etil asetat daun cincau hijau (FEADCH) diformulasikan kedalam sediaan tablet dengan berbagai pengikat diantaranya PVP, Na CMC dan Pasta Amylum. Tablet dibuat dengan metode granulasi basah kemudian dievaluasi meliputi uji organoleptik, keseragaman bobot, keseragaman ukuran, friabilitas, friksibilitas, dan kekerasan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan aktivitas antioksidan paling baik dari daun cincau hijau adalah fraksi etil asetat dengan nilai 46,938 ppm dan formulasi tablet fraksi etil asetat daun cincau hijau (Premna oblongata Miq.) yang paling baik adalah formula 1 dengan pengikat PVP.Â Kata kunci:Â  daun cincau hijau, formulasi tablet, fraksi etil asetat
SELF ACCEPTANCE AND SIGNIFICANT OTHER AS PSYCHOSOSIAL RESOURCES FOR FEMALE NARRANT RESILIENCE WITH LIFETIME PENALTIES
Authors: Hamzah Imaduddin
Published: April 2021

Punishment while in prison places individuals in a limited environment and experiences  pressure. Conditions of pressure can be felt even higher when inmates experience a life  sentence. This study aims to explore the factors of resilience of female prisoners with life  sentences. Research using semi-structured interviews of five female inmates at the Women  Correctional Institution, Malang punished with life imprisonment. Data were analyzed with a  qualitative interpretative phenomenological analysis approach. The results of the study  conclude that the factors that make female prisoners resilient to life sentences are self acceptance and significant other.
LEGAL POLITICS IN THE GOVERNANCE OF PROVIDES AND ROUTES IN INDONESIA
Authors: Priyatmono Budi
Published: April 2021

The management policy of Prison is still experiencing obstacles from various problems that have arisen at the end. Frequent occurrences of vulnerability, chaos and escape are part of the governance of poor prisons. This study uses descriptive normative research. There are two main issues raised are: 1. How is the legal politics in the management of correctional institutions in Indonesia? and 2. How is the management of correctional institutions in supporting the improvement of correctional performance in Indonesia? so that there are still many problems that result from errors in correctional governance. To improve the performance of prisons requires adequate facilities and infrastructure and professional officers in carrying out their duties and functions. So the conclusion is that management needs to be done that can improve prisons that have experienced cracks and their management requires involvement of various elements including facilities and infrastructure and resources adequate human.
COMMUNITY INFORMATION SYSTEMS: URGENCY AND CHALLENGES IN DEVELOPMENT - IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF SPACE TRANSITION THEORY
Authors: Dwijayanti Yuni Sri , Sulhin Iqrak
Published: April 2021

This journal discusses Correctional Information Systems as a system that produces information from systems that work manually transitioning to computeized and online system. Correctional information system is essentially generated from fact-sourced data that is developed into information. In its development, the penal information system also developed along with the times. The Correctional System Database that has been utilized by the Directorate General of Corrections is a material for researchers to see the urgency and challenges in the development of correctional information systems at this time. The complexity of the tasks and functions of correctional requires good data management. Fact or evidence as data are collected, processed to produce information for decision making/leadership policies. This research is a qualitative research with exploratory type. Data merging technique used is the study of literature, interviews with Delphi techniques with expert speakers. The results of this study indicate the fact that there is a transition to the development of correctional information systems from several aspects (based on functions). Constraints greater than human resources. The purpose of the emergence of correctional information system is the challenges faced and the problems that will arise due to the prevention of information generated from the system.
MECHANISM TO OVERCOME STIGMA IN PUBLIC CLIENTS - A CASE STUDY OF DRUG CLIENTS AT CLASS I PRIVATE VOCATIONAL SCHOOL, JAKARTA SELATAN
Authors: Sudirman Kania Anjani , Sulhin Iqrak
Published: April 2021

The research discusses the coping stigma mechanism by drug correctional clients at Class I Correctional Center South Jakarta. Research is a qualitative study and uses the method of unstructured interviews, which are conducted by interviewing narcotics correctional client and correctional supervisor who are directly related to correctional client in providing social guidance. Guidance provided to correctional clients is an effort of correctional institutions to achieve successful social reintegration. The social reintegration program in the penal system in Indonesia regarding planning assistance and supervision of criminals so that they stop committing crimes and can successfully return to the community. However, the results of the study indicate that stigma in the community towards ex-convicts still leads to negative stigma. As one of the extraordinary crimes, drugs abuse have a large impact and multi-dimensional against social, cultural, economic, and political. This makes former drug convicts more vulnerable to negative stigma in society. The results also showed that each correctional client had a different view of the stigma in the community regarding ex-convicts. Because they have different views on stigma, the coping stigma mechanism by the drug correctional client are also different. Stigma on ex-convicts in the community is seen as adversity. To overcome the adversity, correctional clients will go through resilience process including coping stigma mechanism. In the resilience process found support from the community and having a stable job will helps correctional clients overcoming the stigma given by the community.