bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing the Effectiveness of Quantway®: A Multilevel Model With Propensity Score Matching
Authors: Yamada Hiroyuki , Bohannon Angel X. , Grunow Alicia , Thorn Christopher A.
Published: May 2018

Objective: Quantway is a Carnegie Math Pathways initiative, which redesigns the content, pedagogy, and structure of traditional developmental mathematics courses to simultaneously tackle traditional barriers to student success and support a broad range of developmental students in achieving their mathematics potential. Specifically, Quantway is a quantitative reasoning sequence that is comprised of a single term accelerated developmental mathematics course called Quantway 1 and a college-level mathematics course called Quantway 2. This study assesses the effectiveness of the developmental mathematics course, Quantway 1, during its first six semesters of implementation. Method: We used a hierarchical linear modeling technique to conduct propensity score matching across 37 student characteristics to compare the course performance of Quantway 1 students with matched comparison students from traditional developmental mathematics courses. Results: Quantway 1 students demonstrated significantly higher odds of success in fulfilling developmental mathematics course requirements and enrolling in college mathematics courses in the following year than matched comparison students. In addition, Quantway 1 effects were positive across all sex and race/ethnicity subgroups as well as in nearly all classrooms and colleges. Contributions: This study provides robust evidence that Quantway 1 increases student success in fulfilling developmental mathematics requirements and advances equity in student outcomes. Implications of and future directions for the Pathways are discussed.
Opinions on the use of technology to improve tablet taking in >65-year-old patients on cardiovascular medications
Authors: Holender Anita , Sutton Stephen , De Simoni Anna
Published: May 2018

Objective

This study was performed to evaluate the perceptions of the use of technology to improve cardiovascular medicine taking among patients aged >65 years.

Methods

This qualitative study used focus groups with people aged >65 years taking cardiovascular medications from two East London community centres. Thematic analysis was informed by the Perceptions and Practicalities Approach framework.

Results

Participants welcomed technologies they considered familiar, accessible, and easy to use. They valued the opportunity to receive alerts to help with forgetting and monitoring their treatment. More advanced technologies such as ingestible sensor systems were considered helpful for elderly people with significant cognitive impairments still living in the community because of improved monitoring by caregivers and clinicians and prolonging independence. Although generally adapting to the increase in technology in everyday life, participants raised a number of concerns that included potential reduction in face-to-face communication, data security, becoming dependent on technology, and worrying about the consequences of technological failure.

Conclusions

Participants raised a number of concerns and practical barriers that would need to be addressed for technologies to be accepted and adopted in this patient group.
Comparing Traffic Speed Deflectometer and Falling Weight Deflectometer Data
Authors: Levenberg Eyal , Pettinari Matteo , Baltzer Susanne , Christensen Britt Marie Lekven
Published: May 2018

In recent years the pavement engineering community has shown increasing interest in shifting from a stationary falling weight deflectometer (FWD) to moving testing platforms such as the traffic speed deflectometer (TSD). This paper dealt with comparing TSD measurements against FWD measurements; it focused on the comparison methodology, utilizing experimental data for demonstration. To better account for differences in loading conditions between the two devices a new FWD deflection index was formulated first. This index served as reference/benchmark for assessing the corresponding TSD measurements. Next, a Taylor diagram was proposed for visualizing several comparison statistics. Finally, a modern agreement metric was identified and applied for ranking comparison results across different datasets. Overall, the suggested methodology is deemed generic and highly applicable to future situations, especially for assessing the worth of emerging device upgrades or improved interpretation schemes (or both).
Exploring Gender-Related Experiences of Cancer Survivors Through Creative Arts: A Scoping Review
Authors: Saunders Stephanie , Hammond Chad , Thomas Roanne
Published: May 2018

Negative health consequences of cancer and its treatments are multifaceted. Research suggests numerous psychosocial benefits may be gained by cancer survivors who engage in arts-based practices. To grasp the breadth of this literature, we undertook a scoping review exploring the intersection between arts-based practices, gender, and cancer. Three databases were searched according to the following criteria: (a) participants older than 18 years, (b) use of arts-based practices, (c) explore cancer survivorship, and (d) gender-based analysis component. A total of 1,109 studies were identified and 11 met inclusion criteria. Themes extracted illustrate four transformative moments related to gender identities postcancer diagnosis: (a) fostering reflection after a cancer diagnosis, (b) constructing new narratives of gender postcancer, (c) navigating gender norms in search of support for new identities, and (d) interrogation of perceived gender norms. Findings demonstrate potential contributions of arts-based practices in shaping cancer-related gender identities. Future research should investigate these experiences across a wider population.
Perceived Barriers to Adherence to Hemodialysis Dietary Recommendations
Authors: Clark-Cutaia Maya N. , Sevick Mary Ann , Thurheimer-Cacciotti Jennifer , Hoffman Leslie A. , Snetselaar Linda , Burke Lora E. , Zickmund Susan L.
Published: May 2018

Barriers to following dietary recommendations have been described; however, they remain poorly understood. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore perceived barriers to adherence to dietary recommendations in a diverse hemodialysis patient population. Participants were eligible to participate in a semi-structured qualitative telephone interview prior to randomization for an ongoing clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of an intervention designed to reduce dietary sodium intake. Interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim and coded using an iterative qualitative process. In total, 30 (37% females, 53% Caucasians) participants, 63.2 ± 13.3 years, were interviewed. Time, convenience, and financial constraints hindered dietary adherence. Dietary counseling efforts were rated positively but require individualization. Ability to follow recommended guidelines was challenging. Suggestions for addressing barriers include technology-based interventions that allow patients to improve food choices and real-time decision-making, and permit tailoring to individual barriers and preferences.
Quantifying Patient-Reported Disability and Health While Waiting for Bunion Surgery
Authors: Sutherland Jason M. , Wing Kevin , Penner Murray , Younger Alastair , Liu Guiping , Veljkovic Andrea , Crump Trafford
Published: May 2018

Background:

Many patients with hallux valgus progress to experiencing pain and loss of function that requires corrective surgery when nonoperative treatments fail. The primary goal of this study was to measure changes in participants’ health while patients waited for their operative correction.

Methods:

Patients were prospectively recruited to complete a number of patient-reported outcome measures preoperatively. Baseline data collection was initiated in October 2014, and participants’ second surveys were returned by August 2017. The setting of the study was Vancouver, Canada. There were 80 participants in the study. The participation rate among eligible patients was 52.7%.

Results:

The average wait time for surgery exceeded 8 months, with a mean wait of 35.7 weeks. Baseline pain among participants was high. Only in the domain of foot- and ankle-related quality of life was the duration of wait time associated with participants’ change in health. The other 4 domains of foot function remained stable over the preoperative period.

Conclusion:

Preoperative health in this study was consistent with other research showing high pain and compromised foot function among patients failing nonoperative therapies for treatment of hallux valgus. This study found high pain and compromised foot function among patients waiting for hallux valgus surgery but only minor relationships between participants’ duration of wait time for operative correction of the first metatarsophalangeal joint and changes in patient-reported outcome scores.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, comparative study.
Vitamin D and Postoperative Vasopressor Use in Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: Javorski Michael J. , Kerolos Mina M. , Fareed Jawed , Perez-Tamayo R. Anthony
Published: May 2018

The use of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in cardiac surgery often leads to a systemic inflammatory response. Up to 25% of patients undergoing CPB for cardiac surgery are reported to develop vasoplegic syndrome in the acute postoperative period, in which the patients are refractory to vasopressors. The purpose of this study is to assess vitamin D deficiency as a risk factor for vasoplegia after using CPB. We performed a retrospective review of 1322 patients undergoing adult cardiac surgery requiring CPB. Forty-six patients with previously recorded 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) levels within 6 months of surgery met the conditions of this study. The mean level of 25(OH)D was 32.7 ng/mL (standard deviation [SD] = 15.1). The mean age of patients was 67 (SD = 10.1) years old, most were male (63%) and white (78%). Average CPB time was 140 ± 44 minutes. Postoperative vasopressor use was compared to individual preoperative 25(OH)D levels. As a secondary end point, postoperative vasopressor use and vasoplegia were analyzed between 3 groups: Vitamin D deficient defined as 25(OH)D ≤20 ng/mL (n = 7), vitamin D insufficient defined as 25(OH)D between 20 and 29 ng/mL (n = 15), and vitamin D sufficient defined as 25(OH)D ≥30 ng/mL (n = 24). There was no correlation between vitamin D levels and postoperative vasopressor use. The mean doses of postoperative vasopressor use were 0.088 µg/kg/min (standard error of the mean [SEM] = 0.032), 0.085 µg/kg/min (SEM = 0.037), and 0.072 µg/kg/min (SEM = 0.024) of norepinephrine equivalents for the vitamin D deficient, insufficient, and sufficient groups, respectively. Incidence of vasoplegia for each group was the following: 0.143 for vitamin D deficient, 0.067 for vitamin D insufficient, and 0.125 for vitamin D sufficient. In this pilot study, there does not appear to be a relationship between vitamin D and vasopressor use following cardiac surgery utilizing CPB; however, there appears to be a trend toward an increased vasopressor usage in patients with decreased vitamin D levels. A larger sample size and a prospective analysis are warranted to further assess the significance of the relationship between vasoplegia and vitamin D deficiency. With further investigation, vitamin D has the potential to become a low-cost, low-risk therapeutic for improving outcomes in CPB surgery.
Chronic and Subacute Meningitis: Differentiating Neoplastic From Non-Neoplastic Etiologies
Authors: Marrodan Mariano , Bensi Catalina , Alessandro Lucas , Muggeri Alejandro D. , Farez Mauricio F.
Published: May 2018

Background and Purpose:

Although incidence rates vary, infectious, autoimmune, and neoplastic diseases can all cause chronic and subacute meningitis (CSM). We report a Latin-American, single center, CSM case series, analyzing the main clinical characteristics as well as ancillary diagnostic methods differentiating neoplastic from non-neoplastic etiologies.

Methods:

Retrospective review of CSM cases from a single center in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Results:

Seventy patients with CSM diagnosis were identified, 49 with neoplastic and 21 with non-neoplastic meningitis. A history of previous cancer was significantly higher in neoplastic cases, whereas prevalence of autoimmune disease and fever was more common in non-neoplastic meningitis. C-reactive protein values were higher in non-neoplastic CSM, as was pleocytosis in cerebrospinal fluid analysis. The most frequent etiologies were breast and lung cancer for neoplastic meningitis cases; and idiopathic, tuberculous, and fungal infection for non-neoplastic cases.

Conclusions:

Chronic and subacute meningitis diagnosis is challenging in daily neurological practice. The results we report contribute information from Latin America regarding etiologies of CSM, which can be identified after a comprehensive evaluation in a majority of cases.
Finger drop sign—Characteristic pattern of distal weakness in Guillain-Barré Syndrome: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Chee Yong Chuan , Ong Beng Hooi
Published: May 2018

Guillain-Barré Syndrome is an acquired acute autoimmune polyradiculoneuropathy that commonly presents with limb weakness and occasional cranial nerve, respiratory and autonomic involvement. Although the classic description of Guillain-Barré Syndrome is that of a demyelinating neuropathy with ascending weakness, predominant bilateral finger drop as presenting feature has rarely been reported. A characteristic pattern of weakness involving the extensor components of the fingers known as “finger drop sign” has been first described to be specific in acute motor axonal neuropathy form of Guillain-Barré Syndrome in the literature. We report a case of acute motor-sensory axonal neuropathy, which showed characteristic pattern of predominant finger extensor weakness, and provide a summary of all reported cases to date. While previous reports suggested that this is a sign that carries good prognosis, our case report suggested otherwise as the patient succumbed to respiratory and autonomic complications. Further studies are needed to evaluate the clinical significance of this peculiar sign.
The dual essence of pleasure: Willing, imagining and planning the Saussurean sublime and beautiful in surviving daunting nature and culture
Authors: Chien Jui-Pi
Published: May 2018

This study seeks to update and expand the models of mind and consciousness that Ferdinand de Saussure conceived for the appreciation of linguistic signs. As a response to his theorization of the dual essence of language (a mixture of sounds and concepts), this study proposes a theorization of pleasure and understanding (a blending of different perspectives) deriving from our engagement with daunting situations in nature and culture. To begin with, the author discusses current neuroimaging findings that reveal how we may gain from low-arousal emotions. Certain benefits have been recognized that increase the pleasure and delight we may obtain through conscientious mental work rather than via instincts and preferences. Thus, in this context, the Saussurean network of differences is seen to be capable of generating motivated neural links that function to adjust our viewpoints. Further, in light of Adolphe Pictet’s mingling of philosophical aesthetics and linguistics, this study corrects a misapplication of another Saussurean model (a conjunction of our perceptions of time and space, synchrony and diachrony) in appreciating the Kantian notions of imagination and the sublime. Instead of judging this model as a revelation of one single ideal viewpoint, Pictet’s approach invites us to appreciate it as the functioning of a rigorous yet practical mind that is capable of devising multiple and useful perspectives. Notions of the sublime, the ugly and the beautiful are therefore equated as legitimate viewpoints that we should draw on so as to survive dealing with daunting situations in nature and culture. Finally, this study unifies and fortifies the Saussurean models through aligning them with a phenomenological approach to our memories, sensations and perceptions. Such integration empowers our imagination and confidence while we are widening our horizons to invent larger contexts for our objects of inquiry. All in all, the author cherishes the Saussurean models as a combination of the linguistic, the aesthetic and the moral laws that altogether sharpen our way of devising rationales that may boost the wellbeing of the community.
The epistemic role of intermedial visual artworks: An analysis of the photobooks Palast der Republik and Domesticidades
Authors: Vitral Letícia , Queiroz João
Published: May 2018

This paper presents, describes and analyses two photobooks: Palast der Republik and Domesticidades. We claim that, because of their highly iconic features, they can be regarded as epistemic artefacts (models) since they reveal information about their objects, as well as about their own morphological properties. The analysis focuses on (i) the kind of relations the photobooks establish with their respective objects (we claim that it is a mainly-iconic relation) and (ii) on the semiotic couplings that can be found in them – a type of interaction between semiotic resources (such as photographs, maps, written texts, illustrations, among others). We contextualize this analysis in relation to both a semiotic and an intermedial background.Further, we claim that the epistemic role of such artworks is directly related to their material and structural features that constrain the possibilities of manipulation and reasoning upon them. We conclude by presenting some of the information that was revealed by the manipulation of these photobooks, claiming that the semioticartefactual approach to models can be an epistemically interesting conceptual frame to thinking about artistic artefacts.
Biology for linguists: An obstacle or a royal path to concept building?
Authors: Sériot Patrick
Published: May 2018

Exchanging models, metaphors and analogies between biology and linguistics is well known, and August Schleicher’s book Die Darwinsche Theorie und die Sprachwissenschaft (1863) is a typical work in this line of thought. Nonetheless, there is a “counter-mainstream” to this, which is less well known, but extremely interesting to follow: orthogenesis, an explicitly anti-Darwinian theory in biology, the consequences of which are fascinating to observe in the history of ideas in Soviet linguistics as well as in Russian émigré linguistics in the inter-war period. Here the names of Nikolaj Troubetzkoy and Roman Jakobson are of primary importance if we consider that they received most of their inspiration from Goethe’s ‘morphology’ (‘Formenlehre’) and Lev Berg’s ‘nomogenesis’. The discussion between Georges Cuvier and Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire in 1830 is also an important landmark to highlight the specificity of a Russian and Central European structuralism which is extremely different from Saussure’s.
An Indirect Method for Quantitative Assessment of Production Risks based on Key Safety Requirements
Authors: Федорец А. , Fedorec A. , Коваленко М. , Kovalenko M.
Published: May 2018

A completely new method for quantitative risks assessment has been proposed by authors. The method is focused on practical application in specific national circumstances. The principle of state management for labor protection, and the concept of absolute security that are valid in the labor protection area do not allow apply direct risk assessment methods based on hazards’ proximate identification. Moreover, such a work requires a special training for experts, and great problems are connected with this too. On the other hand, the same factors helped for publication of almost incalculable number of normative legal acts and regulatory documents containing safety requirements. From the authors’ point of view the state safety requirements are nothing else than the regulatory protective measures, which have been established without prior hazard identification and risk assessment. The proposed method based on hazard identification through semantic analysis for wording of the protective measure to be followed by the analysis of residual risk assessment taking into account the implemented protective measure.
The Use of Dynamic Programming in Problems For Occupational Risks’ Management in Construction
Authors: Басараб А. , Basarab A.
Published: May 2018

The relevance of decrease in injury risk in construction is proved. A direction based on decrease in injury risk according to happened accidents’ research results has been considered. Statistical data for operational injuries in this branch are provided. A procedure for development of an optimum program for injury risk decrease with use of dynamic programming has been considered. A task for financing quota division on construction technology operations so that to maximize a general expected reduction of accidents number for all technological process is set. The offered approach has a big practical importance for traumatizing risk decrease in the construction production.
Comprehensive use of wood and agricultural waste in the energy sector of Siberia
Authors: Жуков Евгений , Jukov Evgeniy , Меняев Константин , Menyaev Konstantin , Таймасов Дмитрий , Taymasov Dmitriy , Гаврин Николай , Gavrin Nikolay
Published: May 2018

The article considers the methods of increasing technoeconomic and ecological indices of boilers of little and average power by the means of vertical-way combustion of alternative fuels (eg. husks, chips, wood waste). We analyzed the technology of combustion of solid fuels from plant biomass and revealed several issues in the combustion of light sailing particles. The article is dedicated to the investigation of the properties of alternative fuels, to the generation and refinement of furnace arrangements for combustion of low-grade fuels. The results of our work represent a new construction design of the furnace chamber for effective combustion of alternative fuels. The new construction design of the furnace chamber is obtained via the aerodynamic modelling with the use of the «SigmaFlame» software.
Reducing medicines waste: A general practice approach
Authors: Taylor Kate
Published: May 2018

Kate Taylor explores the scale of the medicines waste problem in the NHS, and outlines some strategies to avoid waste in general practice and improve medicine safety
How to improve patient satisfaction
Authors: Hancock Dave
Published: May 2018

A recent national survey showed a significant decline in public satisfaction with GP services. Dave Hancock considers the reasons and suggests possible remedies
Is your practice being paid for the work it does?
Authors: Domanska Barbara
Published: May 2018

Specialist medical accountant Barbara Domanska examines income streams and how practice managers should ensure they are paid for all the work carried out
Model funding
Authors: Moffat Polly
Published: May 2018

The authors of a major new study suggest that adjusting the way that funding is allocated might go some way to solving the problems facing general practice
Tackling LGBT bullying
Authors: Hardwick Sam
Published: May 2018

Almost half of all LGBT pupils face abuse at school simply because they are LGBT. Stonewall's Sam Hardwick looks at what we can do and signposts a range of resources
The mark of success: Part 1
Authors: Bromley Matt
Published: May 2018

Feedback is the latest fashion in the world of education, with research showing huge gains in pupil progress. In this new seven-part series Matt Bromley will dissect the feedback craze and examine what effective feedback actually looks like – both for the teacher and the student
Directional hyper-reduced model for evaluation of residual welding stresses in code_aster
Authors: Dinh-Trong Tuan , Ryckelynck David , Abbas Mickael , Hendili Sofiane
Published: May 2018

The welding process produces strains and residual stresses that must be taken into account to evaluate the final quality of the assembly. For that, the simulation of the process by a thermomechanical computation is very widely used. Numerical simulation uses many parameters (materials, heat source, boundary conditions) whose effects must be studied. But as the compuation becoming very expensive, massive parametric studies quickly become unusable. To reduce the computation time, we propose an approach based on the spatial and temporal similarity of thermal results, by a method of hyper-reduction on a slice of the domain.
Nonlinear Model Order Reduction: A system-theoretic viewpoint
Authors: Varona Maria Cruz , Gebhart Raphael
Published: May 2018

In this contribution, we consider nonlinear model order reduction from a system-theoretic viewpoint. To this end, we transfer the time domain interpretation of linear moment matching to nonlinear systems. For bilinear systems we hereby provide the time domain perception of Volterra series interpolation. For nonlinear systems we propose some simplifications to achieve a ready-to-implement, simulation-free model reduction algorithm.
PREIM for nonlinear parabolic problems
Authors: Benaceur Amina , Alexandre Ern , Ehrlacher Virginie , Meunier Sébastien
Published: May 2018

The purpose of PREIM (Progressive RB-EIM) is to reduce the offline costs of nonlinear parabolic reduced order models with accurate RB approximations in the online stage. The key idea is a progressive enrichment of both the EIM approximation and the RB space, in contrast to the standard approach where the EIM approximation and the RB space are built separately. PREIM uses high-fidelity computations whenever available and RB computations otherwise. Another key feature of each PREIM iteration is to select twice the parameter in a greedy fashion, the second selection being made after computing the high-fidelity solution for the firstly selected value of the parameter.
Multi space RB preconditioners for large-scale parametrized PDEs parametrized PDEs
Authors: Santo Niccolò Dal
Published: May 2018

We introduce a new two-level preconditioner for the efficient solution of large scale linear systems arising from the finite element (FE) discretization of parametrized unsteady Navier-Stokes (NS) equations. The proposed preconditioner combines a reduced basis (RB) solver, which plays the role of coarse component, with a fine grid preconditioner, in our numerical experiments a SIMPLE preconditioner. The RB coarse component is iteration dependent and is built upon a new Multi Space Reduced Basis (MSRB) method, where a RB space is built through the proper orthogonal decomposition algorithm and is tailored to each step of the iterative method at hand. The resulting operator is used as preconditioner in the flexible GMRES method. The Krylov iterations employed to solve the resulting preconditioned system target small tolerances with a very small iteration count and in a very short time. We show in this poster how to address the well-posedness of the RB coarse components and the efficient construction of the resulting preconditioner by means of hyper-reduction techniques. Simulations are carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed MSRB preconditioner in a large scale computational setting related to the NS equations in parametrized carotid bifurcations and compared to state of the art preconditioners.
Combining POD Model Order Reduction with Adaptivity
Authors: Gräßle Carmen , Hinze Michael
Published: May 2018

A crucial challenge within snapshot-based POD model order reduction for time-dependent systems lies in the input dependency. In the ‘offline phase’, the POD basis is computed from snapshot data obtained by solving the high-fidelity model at several time instances. If a dynamical structure is not captured by the snapshots, this feature will be missing in the ROM simulation. Thus, the quality of the POD approximation can only ever be as good as the input material. In this sense, the accuracy of the POD surrogate solution is restricted by how well the snapshots represent the underlying dynamical system. If one restricts the snapshot sampling process to uniform and static discretizations, this may lead to very fine resolutions and thus large-scale systems which are expensive to solve or even can not be realized numerically. Therefore, offline adaptation strategies are introduced which aim to filter out the key dynamics. On the one hand, snapshot location strategies detect suitable time instances at which the snapshots shall be generated. On the other hand, adaptivity with respect to space enables us to resolve important structures within the spatial domain. Motivated from an infinite-dimensional perspective, we explain how POD in Hilbert spaces can be implemented. The advantage of this approach is that it only requires the snapshots to lie in a common Hilbert space. This results in a great flexibility concerning the actual discretization technique, such that we even can consider r-adaptive snapshots or a blend of snapshots stemming from different discretization methods. Moreover, in the context of optimal control problems adaptive strategies are crucial in order to adjust the POD model according to the current optimization iterate.
Model Order Reduction for convection dominated problems
Authors: Bansal Harshit , Iapichino Laura , Rave Stephan , Schilders Wil , van de Wouw Nathan
Published: May 2018

Model Order Reduction (MOR) of systems of non-linear(parameterized) Hyperbolic Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) is still an uncharted territory in the scientific community. Moving discontinuities are representative features of this class of problems and pose a major hindrance to obtain effective reduced-order model representations, since typically bases with high spatial frequency are needed to accurately capture these moving discontinuities. We will discuss a MOR framework to efficiently capture the travelling dynamics of such systems. The motivation of this work is to enable the usage of multi-phase hydraulic models, such as the Drift Flux Model (DFM) [2] in developing drilling automation strategies for real-time down-hole pressure management.

The DFM is a system of multiscale non-linear PDEs, whose convective subset is conditionally hyperbolic. Convection dominated problems, such as the DFM, admit solutions, which possess a diagonal structure in space-time diagram and high solution variability. As a first step, we apply standard MOR approaches [4] to obtain a reduced-order representation of the DFM for a representative multi-phase shock tube test case. We capture the dynamics in an essentially non-oscillatory manner but we obtain a small dimensionality reduction. Since the dimension of the reduced model is still too large, we develop new techniques for deriving more efficient alternative reduced-order models for this class of problems.

We invoke the idea of the method of freezing [1] and combine it with non-linear reduced basis approximations [3] to develop an efficient reduced-order model representation, which we demonstrate for several benchmark problems. These benchmark problems embody the challenges faced in the reduced-order representation of the DFM. However, the existing MOR framework [3] lacks consideration of boundary conditions and multiple fronts. The main novelty of this work is in investigating the performance of combined approach of Method of Freezing and reduced basis approximations in dealing with merging (discontinuous) wave-fronts. Finally, we present numerical experiments and discuss the efficacy of above mentioned approach in terms of computational speed up and computational accuracy compared with standard numerical techniques.
Principal component analysis and optimal weighted least-squares method for training tree tensor networks
Authors: Haberstich Cécile , Nouy Anthony , Perrin Guillaume
Published: May 2018

One of the most challenging tasks in computational science is the approximation of high-dimensional functions. Most of the time, only a few information on the functions is available, and approximating high-dimensional functions requires exploiting low-dimensional structures of these functions.

In this work, the approximation of a function u is built using point evaluations of the function, where these evaluations are selected adaptively. Such problems are encountered when the function represents the output of a black-box computer code, a system or a physical experiment for a given value of a set of input variables. This algorithm relies on an extension of principal components analysis (PCA) to multivariate functions in order to estimate the tensors
$v_{\alpha}$
.

In practice, the PCA is realized on sample-based projections of the function u, using interpolation or least-squares regression.

Least-squares regression can provide a stable projection but it usually requires a high number of evaluations of u, which is not affordable when one evaluation is very costly. In [1] the authors proposed an optimal weighted least-squares method, with a choice of weights and samples that garantee an approximation error of the order of the best approximation error using a minimal number of samples.

We here present an extension of this methodology for the approximation in tree-based format, where optimal weighted least-squares method is used for the projection onto tensor product spaces. This approach will be compared with a strategy using standard least-squares method or interpolation (as proposed in [2]).
Parametric model order reduction for large-scale systems using Krylov subspace
Authors: Daming Lou , Weiland Siep
Published: May 2018

In this work, we propose a method for reduced order models that preserve the physical parameters and therefore enable the optimization of the design parameters, material properties or geometries. More specifically, for an arbitrary rational transfer function
$G(s,p)$
in the complex variables s and parameter p, we aim to find a low order rational
$G_r(s,p)$
that matches the moments in both frequencies and design parameters at dedicated points
$\mathcal{S}:=\{s_1,\dots,s_k\} \subset \mathbb{C}$
and
$\mathcal{P}:=\{p_1,\dots,p_{\ell}\}\subset \mathbb{R}$
. We construct the projection matrices along these two sets. An a-priori error bound has been derived that represents the local accuracy of the reduced model's transfer function nearby the points
$\mathcal{S}\times \mathcal{P}$
. Furthermore, this error bound allows for finding the optimal expansion points and truncation order. Simulation results show that both time domain and frequency domain indicate that the proposed method delivers good matching and outperforms the previous work.
A Reduced Basis Technique for Long-Time Unsteady Turbulent Flows
Authors: Taddei Tommaso
Published: May 2018

For turbulent flows, estimation of the entire solution trajectory through a low-dimensional Reduced Order Model might be unfeasible due to the slow convergence of the Kolmogorov N-width, and due to the sensitivity of the dynamical system to perturbations.

Nevertheless, it might still be possible to estimate the time-averaged solution and associated quantities of interest.

In this poster, we propose a Reduced-Basis technique for the estimation of long-time-averaged solutions of parametrized turbulent flows. The key elements of our approach are (i) a Greedy technique for the construction of a low-dimensional reduced space, and (ii) a constrained POD-Galerkin formulation of the reduced solution.

The Greedy technique relies on a novel residual indicator for the error in the long-time-averaged solution.

We present a number of numerical examples to illustrate our approach, and to demonstrate the effectivity of the error indicator.
Parameter space and model reduction with shape parametrization, by means of active subspace and POD-Galerkin methods for industrial and biomedical applications
Authors: Tezzele Marco , Ballarin Francesco , Mola Andrea , Rozza Gianluigi
Published: May 2018

In this work we present both industrial and biomedical applications, focusing on shape parametrization and parameter space reduction by means of active subspaces. In particular we introduce a combined parameter and model reduction methodology using a POD-Galerkin approach, and its application to the efficient numerical estimation of a pressure drop in a set of deformed carotids [2]. The aim is to simulate a wide range of possible occlusions after the bifurcation of the carotid artery. A parametric description of the admissible deformations, based on radial basis functions interpolation technique implemented in the PyGeM python package, is introduced. The use of the reduced order model acting on the reduced parameter space allows significant computational savings and better performances. Moreover we present the reduction of heterogeneous parameter space in a naval engineering problem, that is the hydrodynamic flow past the hull of a ship advancing in calm water [3], considering structural and shape parameters. The geometrical parametrization is done via free form deformation. Some perspectives on a complete shape optimization pipeline by means of Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) and POD with interpolation (PODI) are presented [1], together with the integration of the python packages PyDMD and EZyRB respectively.
JPAAP Guide for Authors - Submission
Authors: Editors JPAAP
Published: May 2018

Guidance for the process of submission to JPAAP.
Supporting Graduate Teaching Assistants’ (GTA) Continual Professional Learning: The Benefits of Using Action Learning
Authors: Stocks Claire Victoria
Published: May 2018

This paper describes the design and delivery of a new programme of support for PhD students who act as Graduate Teaching Assistants (GTAs) at a research intensive university. Although much attention has been paid to programmes that prepare GTAs for teaching, this scheme was intended to prepare them for continuing professional learning (CPL) about teaching. In this sense, then, the underpinning rationale for the scheme is different to most GTA programmes, and this has implications for the pedagogical approach taken. The design of the scheme was based on the premise that ‘learning in academia’ (i.e. learning about academic work and developing one’s practice) is different from ‘academic learning’, which the PhD participants are both familiar with and successful at (Trevitt, 2008). It follows then that the type of learning most likely to lead to development of practice, is a work-based, experiential approach undertaken by those in other practice-based professions like law, medicine and (non-HE) teaching. The paper describes the rationale and design of a development scheme which aims to prepare and equip GTAs for continuing professional learning during the PhD and on into their later careers. The benefits for the action learning approach are explored, both in terms of what it might offer participants, but also in terms of what it might offer to educational developers as learning set facilitators.
Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis: An Appropriate Methodology for Educational Research?
Authors: Noon Edward John
Published: May 2018

Interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) is a contemporary qualitative methodology, first developed by psychologist Jonathan Smith (1996). Whilst its roots are in psychology, it is increasingly being drawn upon by scholars in the human, social and health sciences (Charlick, Pincombe, McKellar, & Fielder, 2016). Despite this, IPA has received limited attention across educationalist literature. Drawing upon my experiences of using IPA to explore the barriers to the use of humour in the teaching of Childhood Studies (Noon, 2017), this paper will discuss its theoretical orientation, sampling and methods of data collection and analysis, before examining the strengths and weaknesses to IPA’s employment in educational research.
To What Extent can ‘Bring Your Own Device’ be an Enabler to Widening Participation in Higher Education for the Socially Disadvantaged?
Authors: Bass Michael , Movahed Siavosh Haghighi
Published: May 2018

Certain elements of higher education are historically regarded as being elitist and steeped in so much history and tradition that many institutions are unwilling to change to cater for the populations that they serve. Despite reams of government legislation and continued pressure from social groups the proportion of university students from socially disadvantaged backgrounds remains stubbornly low. This research aims to look beyond the financial and psychological support given to these groups and instead see what can be done to overcome the barriers to learning they face by utilising a Bring Your Own Device strategy. This research has focused on socially disadvantaged individuals from the UK and the findings have led to the conclusion that BYOD can be an enabler to widening participation. However, it is not an overarching solution for all and there is a distinct need for the technology to be properly integrated into teaching activities as some academic staff remain resolute to delivering in the traditional lecture format that does not facilitate engagement or interaction.
Endocarditis infecciosa por Aggregatibacter actinomicetemcomitans en un paciente con síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida.
Authors: Gomez Colussi Andrea Florencia , Crespo Alejandro Gustavo , Mendosa Maria Alejandra , Nagel Alicia , Gutiérrez Cesar Ernesto , Argarañá Maria Fernanda
Published: May 2018

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans es una bacteria Gram negativa que se encuentra formando parte de la microbiota normal de la cavidad oral en el hombre. Cuando existe un estado de inmunidad deprimida en el huésped, este microorganismo puede ocasionar cuadros infecciosos, entre ellos endocarditis. La endocarditis infecciosa (EI) es una enfermedad poco frecuente y grave, en particular si el agente causal es un microorganismo fastidioso, cuya identificación puede retrasarse.  El diagnóstico precoz de la enfermedad, la identificación temprana de los pacientes con más riesgo, así como un abordaje multidisciplinar pueden ser estrategias válidas para mejorar el pronóstico de estos enfermos. Reportamos el primer caso en Santa Fe de EI en paciente con inmunodeficiencia adquirida (VIH), sin antecedentes de cardiopatía. El tratamiento con ceftriaxona resultó eficiente y el paciente no requirió intervención quirúrgica.
Prevalencia y factores epidemiológicos de infecciones del tracto urinario causadas por Escherichia coli productora de betalactamasa de espectro extendido en el Sanatorio Adventista del Plata
Authors: Martinez Maria Valeria
Published: May 2018

La hidrólisis de antibióticos beta-lactámicos por betalactamasas es uno de los mecanismos de resistencia mas frecuentemente encontrados en enterobacterias. En el presente trabajo se estudió un total de 1.167 urocultivos que ingresaron en el laboratorio durante cuatro meses, de los cuales el 24,0% fueron positivos,  68,6% se identificaron como Escherichia coli y 8,9% fueron cepas productoras de betalactamasa de espectro extendido (BLEE), de las cuales todas fueron tipo CTX-M grupos 1,2 y 9. El 83,2% correspondieron a mujeres (X2=19,286; p=0,000), el 85,9% correspondió a infecciones de la comunidad (X2=1,258; p= 0,262) en un rango etario de 1-94 años. La mayoría de los aislamientos fueron resistentes a ciprofloxacina (86,7%) y trimetoprima/sulfametoxazol (80,0%).Aunque están muy discutidas las medidas de control de diseminación de E.coli productora de BLEE, no se puede negar la necesidad de implementar un uso correcto y responsable de los antibióticos para evitar la expansión de cepas resistentes.
Linfadenitis por Mycobacterium genavense
Authors: Vargas Marcela Fabiana , Longoni Silvia , Guerra Alejandra Cristina
Published: May 2018

La micobacteriosis atípica es una enfermedad granulomatosa crónica o aguda causada por micobacterias no tuberculosas que incluyen a un grupo de bacilos ácido alcohol resistentes pertenecientes al género Mycobacterium sp.  que afectan principalmente a pacientes con déficit del sistema inmunitario celular. Mycobacterium genavense es una especie relativamente nueva de micobacterias no tuberculosas reportada como causa de infecciones diseminadas oportunista en pacientes con severa inmunodeficiencia celular en el contexto del síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida en la infección por el Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (HIV/SIDA) y trasplantados de órganos sólidos bajo tratamiento inmunosupresor agresivo. Se presenta un caso de diagnóstico tardío de linfadenitis ganglionar diseminada por Mycobacterium genavense de dos años de evolución como enfermedad marcadora de HIV/SIDA. En el  análisis microbiológico la ausencia de crecimiento en los medios de cultivos sólidos habituales para micobacterias, y el crecimiento solo en medio liquido, requirió el análisis de técnicas moleculares con el método de polimorfismo de los fragmentos de restricción (PCR-RFLP) que permitió identificar al microorganismo causante de la enfermedad.
Malignus kevert Müller-cső-eredetű tumor komplex kezelése
Authors: Kalincsák Judit , Gőcze Péter , Bódis József , Kovács Krisztina , Stefanovits Ágnes , Bohonyi Noémi , Péntek Sándor , Papp Szilárd
Published: May 2018

Abstract:

Introduction and aim: The aim of our study was to evaluate the prognostic factors and treatment options of a very rare and highly aggressive type of uterine neoplasms, the malignant mixed Müllerian tumor, known as carcinosarcoma. Method: Between 2009 and 2017, 29 patients were treated with malignant mixed Müllerian tumor. At stage I, surgery and postoperative radiotherapy were performed. At stages II−IV, trimodal treatment (surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy) was administered. Results: The average age of patients was 68.51 (49–90) years, mean body mass index was 30.22 (20.90–37.22). We have experienced recurrence of disease after complete resection in 6 cases (4 of 6 patients did not accept radiation therapy). Local recurrence has occurred after an average 15.52 (6−36) months, distant metastasis with an average 19.2 (8–32) months. Overall survival was 11.92 (1–75) months. Six patients are free of tumours at the moment. Conclusions: As overall survival has not increased in recent decades by using combined chemotherapy, there is no congruent consensus associated with the optimal treatment. The standard surgical treatment is total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral oophorectomy, although due to high rates of recurrence and metastases, the necessity of lymphadenectomy and postoperative treatment is in the focus of recent studies. Though postoperative irradiation improves local control, the beneficial effect on overall survival is still not proven. Adjuvant chemotherapy decreases the rate of both pelvic and extrapelvic recurrence at the same time, although there is no recommendation for the optimal chemoterapeutic agent. Multimodal therapy should lead to better outcomes. Recently there are many ongoing studies with biologic and target therapies to improve efficiency, however, the relevant results will be disclosed in many years only, due to the small number of patients. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(19): 741–7747.
A hosszú távú protonpumpagátló kezelés következményei felnőtteken
Authors: Igaz Iván , Simonyi Gábor , Balogh Sándor , Szathmári Miklós
Published: May 2018

Abstract:

In the last few decades, proton-pump inhibitors have become the mainstay of the treatment of acid-related disorders. Despite their efficacy, these drugs are not without risks. Recently several articles have been published on their long-term adverse effects. Among these adverse effects, the higher risk of bone fractures, the vitamin B12 and magnesium deficiencies and the higher risk of Clostridium difficile infection may be relevant. As these drugs are prescribed more and more frequently all over the world, the knowledge of the long-term adverse effects is very important not only for the specialists but for the general practitioners as well. In this review, the authors discuss the recent findings in this field, emphasising that the long-term use of these drugs must be based on an adequate and strong indication. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(19): 735–740.