bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EFFECTIVENESS OF TREATMENT OF COWS WITH SUBCLINICAL MASTITIS
Authors:   Saratov State Agrarian University named after N. I. Vavilov, Semivolos Alexander Methodievich , Semivolos Sergey Alexandrovich ,   Saratov State Agrarian University named after N. I. Vavilov, Tokarev Dmitry Nikolaevich ,   Saratov State Agrarian University named after N. I. Vavilov
Published: October 2024

The article presents the results of clinical, laboratory and microbiological studies. Laboratory studies of the contents of the udder of cows in production conditions found that out of 368 cows, subclinical mastitis was detected in 115 animals (31.25%). Whereas clinical forms of mastitis were registered only in 13 animals (3.53%), of which 46.15% were catarrhal, 38.46% catarrhal-purulent and 15.38% purulent. In total, various forms of mastitis were noted in 34.78% of cows. The microbiome of the contained udder of cows with subclinical mastitis was represented mainly by coccoid forms, much less often isolated bacteria of the intestinal group, their associations (Staphylococci: S. aureus, Streptococci: S. aqalactiae, S. pioqenes, S. uberis, their associations). Microbiological studies have shown that the microbiome of the udder contents in subclinical mastitis turned out to be sensitive to dienomast, tetramast, mastomycin and septogel, and insensitive to mastilex, mastiet forte, naphthopenzal DC, which determined the choice of drugs for the treatment of cows with subclinical mastitis. Laboratory studies using the diagnosticum masttest showed that recovery was faster after using mastomycin (3.2 ± 0.01 days). After the use of dienomast, recovery was noted after 3.6 ± 0.02 days, and tetramast – 4.3 ± 0.02 days. In the control group, no recovery of animals was registered during the experiment. The materials of the conducted experimental studies have shown that the preparations dienomast, mastomycin and tetramast make it possible to achieve 100% recovery of cows with subclinical mastitis, but the use of dienomast, which has not only high therapeutic efficacy, but also lower cost, should be considered more appropriate. The shortest recovery time of cows during mastomycin treatment was obviously influenced by the more frequent (3 times) administration of this drug compared to dienomast and tetramast, which certainly has an impact on increasing the cost of treatment of animals.
DIAGNOSTICS AND ADDITIVE THERAPY OF MYCOPLASMOSIS OF SMALL CATTLE
Authors:   Saratov State Agrarian University named after N. I. Vavilov, Agoltsov Valery Aleksandrovich , Ligidova Mariana Mukhamedovna ,   Saratov State Agrarian University named after N. I. Vavilov, Padilo Larisa Pavlovna ,   Saratov State Agrarian University named after N. I. Vavilov, Kalabekov Mutalif Ibragimovich ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V.M. Kokov
Published: October 2024

The aim of the study was to test the complex drug entrikima, which includes: enrofloxacin, trimethoprim and tilmicosin phosphate, on lambs and goats, in farms with mycoplasmosis problems. Before the start of the drug testing, 3 samples from each animal species (6 in total) were taken from diseased lambs and goats in the form of a smear from the nasal passages (during life), as well as after their death from the lungs and articular fluid. Bacteriological studies of a nasal smear isolated P. multocida isolates from 6 samples in 6, and S. isolates were found in 3 samples. sp. hamolisierend, in 2 samples of isolates P. haemolytica and M. mycoides subsp. mycoides. When examining the light corpses of fallen lambs and goats, 3 samples were also taken from each animal species. At the same time, P. multocida isolates were isolated from 6 samples in 6, S. isolates were found in 4 samples. sp. hamolisierend, in 3 samples of P. isolates. haemolytica and M. agalactiae and in 2 M. mycoides subsp. mycoides. In the study of articular fluid from the corpses of fallen lambs and goats, 3 samples were also taken from each animal species. At the same time, isolates were isolated in 6 samples out of 6. - S. sp. hamolisierend, isolates were found in 4 samples: P. haemolytica, M. agalactiae и M. mycoides subsp. mycoides. To confirm the diagnosis obtained by bacteriological studies, a molecular genetic diagnostic method (PCR) was also used. In PCR, the results obtained during bacteriological studies of the lungs were confirmed. The genomes of pathogens: M. mycoides subsp. mycoides, M. agalactiae P. haemolytica and S. sp. hamolisierend were detected in all 6 samples. For the treatment of lambs and goats, a 5% solution of entrikim was used orally at a dose of 0.5 cm3 / 1 kg of body weight twice a day for 7 consecutive days. 3 days after the end of the course of treatment, a nasal smear was taken for complex laboratory studies (bacteriological and molecular genetic). PCR studies have established that the applied therapy did not fully have a positive effect on the release of the organism of young cattle from certain types of mycoplasmas, in particular, the M. agalactiae genome was detected in one sample out of six (16.6%), as well as in two samples out of six genomes of P. multocida and S. sp. Hamolisierend (33.3%).
REINDEER HUSBANDRY IN THE OLENEKSKY DISTRICT OF THE REPUBLIC OF SAKHA (YAKUTIA)
Authors:   Arctic State Agrotechnological University, Alekseev Egor Denisovich , Popkova Tuyaara Vladimirovna ,   Oleneksky Department of Agriculture
Published: October 2024

The indicators of reindeer husbandry in the Olenek Evenki National District of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) are considered. The Evenk breed of reindeer is bred in the area. The main production indicators of the Municipal Unitary Enterprise "Oleneksky", the Municipal Unitary Enterprise "Zhilindinsky" of the Oleneksky district of the RS (Ya) are considered. The dynamics of the deer population, the safety of the livestock, the business output of tuguts, and other indicators are estimated. The accepted technology of keeping animals is considered, a brief description of the periods of keeping is given. In the district, the average safety of the deer population is 71% (this indicator has increased by 4% compared to the previous year), and the business output of tuguts is 54% (which is 2% higher compared to last year). In the Municipal Unitary Enterprise "Oleneksky" – the safety of the reindeer population was 78% (or 2% higher compared to the previous year), and the business output of tuguts was 56%, respectively (which is slightly lower than last year by 1%). In the Municipal Unitary Enterprise "Zhilindinsky" – the safety of the deer population was 78% (which is 8% lower compared to the previous year), and the business output of tugut was 54% (or 3% higher compared to last year). Thus, the data analysis shows a positive trend in the increase in the number of deer in the Olenek Evenki National District of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Based on the materials of enterprises, additional measures and recommendations for improving the economic activities of the farms of the district are proposed.
ENERGY SAVING DURING IRRIGATION WITH A MULTI-SUPPORT SPRINKLER MACHINE "VOLGA-SM"
Authors:   Volga Scientific Research Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Land Reclamation, Ryzhko Nikolay Fedorovich , Ryzhko Sergey Nikolaevich ,   Volga Scientific Research Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Land Reclamation, Smirnov Evgeny Stanislavovich ,   Volga Scientific Research Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Land Reclamation, Goryunov Dmitry Gennadievich ,   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov
Published: October 2024

Multi-bearing sprinkling machines "Fregat" are widely used in our country and have a significant mass and high metal consumption, and high pressure is required for irrigation, which makes it necessary to use high-energy-intensive units at pumping stations. The purpose of the study is to determine the directions for improving the design of the machine to reduce the high metal consumption and energy intensity of irrigation. The article presents the technical and energy characteristics of irrigation of the multifunctional sprinkling machine of the cable-stayed design "Volga-SM" with a polyethylene pipeline. Based on the required pressure values for the optimal operation of the hydraulic drive of the last trolley and the end sprinkler, as well as taking into account the pressure losses along the length of the steel and polyethylene pipeline, the pressure values at the machine inlet were determined depending on the modification of the machine and water consumption. The use of a double pipeline (steel, for supplying water to the hydraulic drives of carts and polyethylene, for supplying irrigation water to sprinklers), will reduce the pressure at the machine inlet from 0,47-0,7 MPa to 0,35-0,45 MPa, depending from the length of the machine and its modification. Energy saving for watering DM "Volga-SM" reaches 34-55%. The design features of the machine are substantiated, which will allow the application of aggressive fertilizers and chemicals only through a polyethylene pipeline and near-surface irrigation devices. This will prevent the ingress of aggressive chemicals into the steel pipeline and structural elements of the machine, reduce their corrosion and increase the service life. Installation of butterfly valves in front of polyethylene pipelines will exclude the supply of irrigation water into sprinklers, which will ensure the movement of the machine across the field without irrigation. Technical solutions are given to further reduce the pressure at the inlet to the machine to 0,2-0,28 MPa and reduce the consumption of electricity for irrigation.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF THE DRIP IRRIGATION SYSTEM OPERATION PROCESS
Authors:   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin, Sukharev Denis Vladimirovich , Litvinova Lilia Aleksandrovna ,   Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin
Published: October 2024

The article discusses the definition of "mathematical modeling". Mathematical modeling is considered one of the key methods of modern hydrology. This is the process of determining the ratio of a certain mathematical object to a real object, called a mathematical model, in the formation of the study of mathematical theories, as well as models that provide features of selected objects. Modeling significantly expands the capabilities of the latter in its fundamental research activities, as well as in the field of its practical application. Whole aspects are considered as a basis for building large systems and the basis for forming a methodology for their synthesis and analysis. The task is to study modern methods and means of scientific research. The problem of irrigation is raised, which faces obstacles of varying complexity, due to many factors, the neglect of which leads to inconsistency in the modification of the modeled process. The fundamental areas of application of the mathematical modeling method in hydraulic reclamation are described, including unsafe hydrological actions, hydraulic structures, forecasts, natural expertise of water management concepts, hydrodynamic actions in ponds, agricultural modeling of river flow, water movement in the channel network, circulation of elements in aquatic ecosystems, channel processes, hydrogeological conditions, conditions of reclamation solutions, rational use and protection of underground water in reclaimed territories, taking into account their impact on the environment. The analysis of drip irrigation is revealed, as well as the regression equation of a series of experiments using modeling. Collecting the necessary information allows you to make a choice of the experimental area of the factor space. The experimental conditions are presented in the form of an experiment planning matrix in natural and normalized notation. The calculation of regression coefficients for planning with a double number of influencing factors leads to the result of constructing an experimental plan.
TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF THE FORMATION OF DURUM WHEAT YIELD IN THE CHERNOZEM ZONE OF THE SOUTHERN VOLGOGRAD REGION
Authors:   Federal Research Center for Agroecology, Integrated Land Reclamation and Protective Afforestation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Belyaev Alexander Ivanovich , Petrov Nikolay Yuryevich ,   Volgograd State Agrarian University, Pugacheva Anna Mikhailovna ,   Federal Research Center for Agroecology, Integrated Land Reclamation and Protective Afforestation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zvereva Galina Nikolaevna ,   Volgograd State Agrarian University
Published: October 2024

Relevance. In the course of the experiment, ways to improve technological techniques for increasing the yield of grain crops against the background of preserving the natural fertility of the soil have been developed. Modern varieties of grain crops were studied against the background of the use of new generation biologics. The object of research was traditional durum wheat varieties, zoned in the Lower Volga region and modern varieties, characterized not only by high plasticity and adaptability to arid conditions, but also capable of having a positive effect on the course of soil microbiological soil processes. Materials and methods. The experiment was conducted during 2018...2022 on the land use territory of the farm "Eliseev A.N.", located in the chernozem zone of the southern Mikhailovsky district of the Volgograd region. The subject of the study was the varieties of hard spring and winter wheat: Krasnokutka 13, Don elegia, Aksinite and Agate Donskoy with the use of biofertilizers and mineral fertilizers for the specified yields according to the recommended method of Dospekhova B.A. (2011). Results and conclusions. The conducted experiment for 5 years showed that along with the traditional use of calculated doses of mineral nutrition to obtain a given yield threshold for varieties of hard spring and winter wheat, new types of biofertilizers are rightfully an alternative to them. With less expensive funds for their purchase, they are able to bring the yield of spring durum wheat to 3.05 t / ha (Don Elegia variety) and winter durum wheat to 3.84 t / ha (Aksinit variety) with the use of biofertilizer Gumi 20. The effect of biofertilizers with the complex application of the above was more clearly reflected. The highest yield threshold was obtained on the Gumi 20+N221Р87К135 variant on the Aksinit variety and it amounted to 6.62 t/ha (with a planned yield threshold of 6.00 t/ha). In spring durum wheat varieties, the maximum yield was obtained on the Don Elegia variety (5.32 t/ha) using the Gumi 20+N221Р87К135 variant. Based on the analysis of the obtained yield data, conclusions were formulated about the mechanism of obtaining the specified yield thresholds of different durum wheat varieties belonging to the spring and winter type.
TECHNOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF LAMB PROCESSING
Authors:   Don State Agrarian University, Shirokova Nadezhda Vasilyevna , Kazarova Izabella Gaykovna ,   Don State Agrarian University
Published: October 2024

Modern animal husbandry imposes increasingly stringent requirements for assessing the productivity of animals, therefore, an urgent task is to increase the indicators of meat productivity. The study of the economic and biological characteristics of sheep and the rational use of their genetic potential in the production of competitive mutton and its processed products is characterized by relevance and requires extensive study and scientific and industrial justification. The development of functional food products of a new generation is an innovative direction in the food industry, which is of extremely important practical importance and social efficiency. An increase in the degree of adequacy and balance of the composition of food products can be achieved only due to their multicomponence. On the basis of theoretical generalizations and experimental studies in the laboratory of molecular genetic expertise and at the Department of Food Technologies of the Don State Agrarian University, technological aspects of improving the efficiency of processing lamb meat have been developed, allowing for a scientifically sound way to carry out the process of regulating the composition and properties of functional food products in the process of their production. The evaluation of slaughter indicators, the analysis of functional and technological properties of sheep meat of the Soviet Merino breed was carried out. The dose of introducing the protein module to the level of VUS and ZHUS of model minced meat was determined, and subsequently a recipe for cutlets with the introduction of a protein module was developed. An organoleptic evaluation of the control and test sample was carried out, and the content of amino acids was also studied. The objects of the study were minced meat systems based on minced lamb of the Soviet merino breed of the Hashun type, as well as chopped semi-finished products with the introduction of a multicomponent protein mixture into the formulation. Thus, the formulation and characteristics of the nutritional value of chopped semi-finished products based on lamb, with a multicomponent protein mixture for functional nutrition, have been developed.
DYNAMICS OF HISTAMINE CONTENT IN THE BLOOD AFTER THE USE OF A COMBINED INSECTICIDAL DRUG
Authors:   All-Russian State Center for Quality and Standardization of Medicines for Animals and Feed, Sklyarov Oleg Dmitrievich , Rakhmatullin Emil Kasymovich ,   Federal Center for Toxicological, Nasybullina Zhanna Ravilevna ,   Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety, Kadikov Ilnur Ravilevich ,   Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation and Biological Safety
Published: October 2024

Pyrethroid preparations are used as insecticides and are recommended for the control of ectoparasites in domestic animals, since they are considered relatively non-toxic, or rather less toxic to vertebrates than to insects. The study of the dynamics of histamine content after the use of pyrethroid insecticidal drugs and the study of the features of the allergenic effect of veterinary drugs remains a little-studied area of veterinary clinical pharmacology and toxicology. Insecticidal-acaricidal preparation Creolin-X for external use in the form of a homogeneous oily liquid, transparent in a thin layer, with the smell of coal oil, from dark brown to black-brown. As an active substance it contains: cypermethrin – 2.5%. Creolin-X is a contact drug active against sarcoptoid, ixodic, demodectic mites, lice, fleas, hair eaters, blood–sucking insects and zoophilic flies. Auxiliary substances: carboniferous creolin without phenolic – up to 100%. The purpose of this study is to study the dynamics of histamine content in the blood of calves and to identify the involvement of histamine in the formation of allergic potential after exposure to Creolin-X. Single spraying of calves with Creolin-X in concentrations of 0.2% and 1% did not cause toxic effects in animals. When studying the histamine content in the blood of calves, a significant decrease or increase in 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after the use of the drug was not established. A single application of Creolin-X to the skin did not affect the duration of histamine shock in guinea pigs. Creolin-X does not have an allergenic effect when applied to the skin.
HEMATOBIOCHEMICAL STATUS OF DOGS WHEN USING BIOCOMPOSITION COATING OF IMPLANTS TO ACCELERATE BONE CONSOLIDATION
Authors:   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N. I. Vavilov, Artemyev Dmitry Alekseevich , Kozlov Sergey Vasilyevich ,   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov, Klokov Vladimir Sergeevich ,   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N. I. Vavilov, Bugaenko Dmitry Alekseevich ,   Veterinary Clinic DoctorVet
Published: October 2024

Injuries of the musculoskeletal system of dogs occur in more than 30% of the total number of non-infectious pathologies. In veterinary and humane traumatology, the problems associated with fractures and their complications have not been fully resolved. Due to the use of different methods of osteosynthesis using different implants (spokes, bone plates, osteofixers, pins), it is quite important to apply coatings for these materials that met such specified needs as: thickness, morphological heterogeneity, roughness, porosity, adhesive strength and antibacterial effect to accelerate the consolidation processes. The article shows the results of studies on the dynamics of hematological and biochemical parameters of groups of experimental animals (dogs), in view of the use of osteoplastic biocomposition coating for implants (spokes) in intramedullary and extra-focal osteosynthesis of tubular bones. Animal blood samples (n=120) served as the material for research. The purpose of this study was to assess the dynamics of hematological and biochemical parameters of blood during the implantation of spokes with the developed osteoplastic biocomposition coating. A group of authors, based on the dynamics of hematological parameters, determined that the coating developed by them, consisting of hydroxyapatite, methyluracil, amoxicillin and polylactide, does not cause hematopoiesis inhibition and acute inflammatory reaction. Based on the dynamics of biochemical parameters, it was determined that this coating does not have hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, the absence of a negative effect of this material on the process of bone restoration and the formation of a callus was determined. The developed coating, from the point of view of the authors, allows for a sufficiently high degree and speed of consolidation of bone fragments with the prevention of bacterial contamination.
ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF ENTRIKIM IN THE TREATMENT OF FARM ANIMALS WITH MYCOPLASMOSIS
Authors:   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov, Agoltsov Valery Aleksandrovich , Ligidova Mariana Mukhamedovna ,   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov, Padilo Larisa Pavlovna ,   Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov, Kalabekov Mutalif Ibragimovich ,   Kabardino-Balkarian State Agrarian University named after V.M. Kokov
Published: October 2024

The objects of research were calves of 10-30 days of age, with an average weight of 40 kg, piglets from 2 weeks to 4 months of age, with an average weight of 14 kg and lambs of a month of age, with an average weight of 14 kg, with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of mycoplasmosis. A 10% solution of entrikim (enrofloxacin + trimethoprim + tilmicosin) was administered orally to calves as a drug at a dose of 1.0 cm3 / 1 kg of body weight twice a day for 7 consecutive days. Piglets and lambs were treated with a 5% solution of entrikim in doses of 5 cm3 / kg of live body weight, twice a day for 7 days. The economic efficiency of additive therapy for the treatment of mycoplasmosis of calves with entrikim was 24.11 rubles. per 1 rub. of costs, with the therapeutic effectiveness of entrikim in acute mycoplasmosis in calves was 85.7%, with chronic - 62.5%. The economic efficiency of the use of entrikim in piglet mycoplasmosis caused by M. hyopneumoniae was 18.3 rubles per 1 rub. , with a therapeutic efficacy in the subacute course of 90.7%, and in the chronic course of 74.4%, the economic efficiency of the use of enterkim in mycoplasmosis on lambs averaged 18.3 rubles per 1 rub of costs. Therapy of lambs and goats using the complex drug entrikima allowed to improve piglets from mycoplasmosis caused by: M. capricolum subsp. capricolum, M. mycoides subsp. mycoides with 100% efficiency, and M. agalactiae with 83.4%.
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF IMPACT INVESTING AS A TOOL FOR THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY
Authors:   Institute of Economics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Bondar Dina Pavlovna
Published: October 2024

The article discusses a new, dynamically developing direction of investment - impact investing, which is gaining more and more popularity in the world. The problem of finding tools to solve social and environmental problems exists, and therefore new tools appear every year, among which impact investments can be distinguished. In such a short time of its existence, impact investments have proven themselves to solve complex social and environmental problems and have shown their high efficiency. This article discusses the definitions of impact investing; the essence, criteria and modern market of impact investments are described; the existing theoretical and methodological approaches to the definition of impact investments are generalized and systematized. Research was conducted in the most popular areas of impact investment - ecology, agriculture and food, commercial real estate, community development, energy, construction and others. The key features of impact investing are disclosed. Based on the study of various approaches, the definition of impact investment was proposed. The main problems hindering the development of impact investments are identified. Impact investing can solve a wide range of social and environmental problems, from mitigating the effects of global warming to providing basic health care to third world countries. Impact investments have two goals: to achieve a significant and measurable positive social or environmental impact; getting financial results. In order to determine the impact investment, a combination of three features is used: a combination of financial and social result; conscious intention to create a social (environmental) result; assessment and measurement of positive social (environmental) outcome.
ORGANIZATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE STUDY OF THE HOUSING CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM
Authors:   Saratov State Technical University named after Gagarin Yu.A., Zhulina Elena Gennadievna , Murygina Nadezhda Viktorovna ,   Saratov State Technical University named after Gagarin Yu.A., Belyaeva Olga Vladimirovna ,   Russian University of Cooperation
Published: October 2024

In modern socio-economic conditions, the housing construction system is complex in many respects and one of the most significant in the life of modern cities, since it is designed to meet the current needs of the population for new housing, job creation and at the same time solve strategic tasks of housing renovation. All this directly affects the demographic situation and social stability in society. However, the existing research methods in the field of housing construction are characterized by a lack of consistency and wide diversity. First of all, this is due to the presence of a narrow circle of stakeholders in the results of high-quality housing research and an insufficiently complete and transparent empirical research base. According to the authors, in order to conduct a study of the housing construction system, it is advisable to develop a research program based on the processes of collecting, analyzing and interpreting empirical data. This will allow you to draw correct and reasonable conclusions. The article outlines the essential structural elements of the research program of the Russian housing construction system, examines its basic directions and identifies sections of the program with the main groups of indicators highlighted. The state of the housing construction system, and, consequently, the results of its research are influenced by many factors. Not all of them are amenable to correct accounting and forecasting. Among them: the material (financial) capabilities of the population, the cost of housing in the primary and secondary market, the development of demographic processes, the potential of construction organizations, etc. The influence of various factors that are not directly related to the housing construction system may also be decisive.
Korelasi antara Intensitas Nyeri dan Kualitas Hidup Terkait Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut pada Pasien Endodontik
Authors: Arifin Fadil A. , Aslan Sarahfin , Febriany Mila , Husein Husnah
Published: October 2024

Abstract: Endodontic pain can inhibit activity and negatively impact patient's quality of life. This study aimed to find out the correlation between the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores and oral health-related quality of life using the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) in endodontic patients. A total of 199 patients were referred to UNHAS RSGMP for endodontic treatment. The entire patient determined the intensity of the pain they were experiencing using VAS on a scale between 0 and 10. The patient was then instructed to fill out a 12-question GOHAI questionnaire. The statistical analysis used was the Spearman correlation test. The results showed that the average age of the patients in this study was 35.3 years, with the female patient dominating the samples (66.3%). The Spearman's correlation test showed that there was a positive and significant correlation between GOHAI scores and VAS scores, with an r-value of 0.177 and a p-value of 0,012. In conclusion, high intensity of pain correlates with low quality of life in endodontic patients, highlighting the need for dentists and endodontists to accurately execute endodontic pain, therefore, promptly improvement of endodontic patients' quality of life can be achieved.
Keywords: endodontic; orofacial pain; quality of life; Visual Analogue Scale; General Oral Health Assessment Index
 
Abstrak: Nyeri endodontik dapat menghambat aktifitas hingga berdampak buruk pada kualitas hidup penderita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui korelasi antara skor Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) dan kualitas hidup terkait kesehatan gigi dan mulut dengan menggunakan General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) pada pasien endodontik. Sebanyak 199 pasien dirujuk ke RSGMP UNHAS untuk dilakukan perawatan endodontik. Seluruh pasien menentukan intensitas nyeri yang sedang dialami menggunakan VAS dengan skala antara 0 dan 10. Selanjutnya pasien diinstruksikan untuk mengisi kuesioner GOHAI sebanyak 12 butir pertanyaan. Jenis analisis statistik yang digunakan ialah uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan rerata usia pasien ialah 35,3 tahun, dengan pasien perempuan yang mendominasi sampel (66,3%). Hasil uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan adanya korelasi positif dan bermakna antara skor GOHAI dan skor VAS dengan nilai r sebesar 0,177 serta nilai p sebesar 0,012. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat korelasi antara GOHAI dan VAS dimana tingginya intensitas nyeri dapat menyebabkan rendahnya kualitas hidup pada pasien endodontik. Dokter gigi dan endodontis diharapkan mampu melakukan penatalaksanaan nyeri endodontik dengan tepat agar dapat segera memperbaiki kualitas hidup pasien endodontik.
Kata kunci: endodontik; kualitas hidup; nyeri orofasial; Visual Analogue Scale; General Oral Health Assessment Index
On the coupled effect of a MIS-based anode and AlGaN-polarized super-junction to reduce the local electric field for AlGaN/GaN Schottky barrier diodes
Authors: He Jingting , Huang Fuping , Wang Zhizhong , Gao Xuchen , Tian Kangkai , Zhang Yonghui , Chu Chunshuang , Cai Shuting , Sun XiaoWei , Zhang Zi-Hui
Published: October 2024

This work employs advanced physical models with the help of technology computer-aided design tools to systematically design and investigate AlGaN/GaN Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs), focusing on enhancing forward conduction and reverse blocking characteristics. A recessed metal/insulator/III-nitride (MIS) anode is demonstrated to manage electric field distribution. The incorporation of a 1 nm thick Al2O3 layer enables a reduced leakage current and a significant increase in breakdown voltage (BV). Subsequently, tailored field plates (FPs) further improve the BV of the MIS SBD to ∼1650 V but strong electric field magnitude will be found at the edge of the FP. Hence, a MIS SBD with a graded AlGaN barrier layer (MIS-GA SBD) is designed, featuring a gradient decrease in Al content along the [0001] direction. The generation of negative polarization charges within the barrier functions as a super-junction, significantly homogenizing the electric field. As a result, the MIS-GA SBD achieves a remarkable BV exceeding 3500 V, highlighting its strong potential for high-voltage power electronic applications.
Microwave artificial neurons based on magnetic tunnel junction nano-oscillators for image recognition and denoising
Authors: Zhang Like , Liu Zhenhao , Zeng Kexin , Luo Yanxiang , Zeng Junwei , Fang Bin , Zeng Zhongming
Published: October 2024

We report a microwave artificial neuron based on magnetic tunnel junction spin torque nano-oscillator (STNO). Based on STNO neurons, the three-layer full connected artificial neural network (ANN) are constructed to recognize handwritten digit with a produced accuracy of up to 90.95%. To address noise inherent in real circuits leads to poor recognition accuracy, we harness the frequency mutation characteristics of the STNO output near the critical threshold current for denoising handwritten digits corrupted by noise. Before and after denoising using the aforementioned ANN, the recognition accuracy is improved from 55.98% to 88.76%.
Características epidemiológicas da desnutrição em crianças e adolescentes no Brasil
Authors: Freitas Ana Beatriz Brito de , Costa Maíra Damasceno , Nóbrega Francisco  Ricardo Resende da , Costa Barbara Bendzius , Santos Samya  Maria Freitas dos , Reis Taís Aparecida Gomes , Santos Priscila Antão dos , Rufino João Luiz , Miranda Yara Farias , Santos Pâmela Mendes dos , Melo Leandra Rafaela Alencar de , Monteiro Maria Allice Vieira , Gomes Severiano  Janeo da Silva , Santos Alessandra Santana dos
Published: October 2024

A desnutrição infantil constitui um sério desafio de saúde pública, afetando milhões de crianças ao redor do planeta. Essa condição clínica, caracterizada pela ingestão inadequada de nutrientes fundamentais, pode resultar em consequências físicas e cognitivas graves. As causas são multifacetadas, englobando pobreza, falta de acesso a alimentos nutritivos e deficiências na educação nutricional. A desnutrição compromete não apenas o crescimento e o desenvolvimento infantil, mas também eleva a suscetibilidade a doenças. Um estudo epidemiológico de natureza descritiva e abordagem quantitativa, utilizando dados do Sistema de Informação e Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS), foi realizado com recorte temporal de 2017 a 2023, considerando as variáveis de ano de atendimento, regiões do Brasil e faixa etária de menores de 1 ano a 14 anos. Conforme os dados analisados, foram registradas 30.012 internações por diagnósticos relacionados à desnutrição em crianças e adolescentes, com uma taxa de mortalidade de 1,98%, o que gera um alerta significativo. Além disso, entre os anos avaliados, 2022 apresentou 5.569 internações, enquanto a maior taxa de mortalidade ocorreu em 2018, com 2,29%. A região Nordeste destacou-se com 11.590 casos de desnutrição, e a região Norte apresentou uma taxa de mortalidade de 4,05%, a mais alta no período analisado. A faixa etária mais afetada foi a dos menores de 1 ano, com 118.472 internações, e a maior taxa de mortalidade registrada. Logo, estratégias são necessárias para minimizar essas hospitalizações como educação em saúde e nutricional, criação e fortalecimento de programas sobre alimentação, acompanhamento nutricional e no desenvolvimento infantil. Essas estratégias, quando implementadas de forma conjunta e coordenada, podem contribuir significativamente para a redução das internações e mortes por desnutrição infantil.
Como eu Faço Ecocardiograma Focado em Unidade de Terapia
Intensiva Neonatal – Fundamental?
Authors: Lianza Alessandro Cavalcanti , Morhy Samira Saady
Published: October 2024

Com o avanço tecnológico, o exame físico não é mais suficiente para uma avaliação mais assertiva de pacientes criticamente enfermos, principalmente em reécm-nascidos prematuros onde os sinais clínicos podem não ser interpretados de forma objetiva. Desta forma, há um grande interesse no treinamento de médicos neonatologistas para sua realização, determinando que os grandes centros mundiais já o façam de forma permanente nos seus programas de residência e educação médica continuada. O presente artigo de revisão trata da nossa experiência no ensino do ecocardiograma focado institucional.
Variations of pest and disease attacks on horticultural and non-horticultural crops in South Sumatra
Authors: Arsi Arsi , Gunawan Bambang , Suparman Suparman , Tricahyati Titi , Hesti Hesti
Published: October 2024

Horticultural crops of olericultural types that were given a lot of chemical pesticides cause many negative impacts such as the emergence of pests and pathogens that were immune to pesticides, the emergence of new pests, increased pest populations and secondary pathogens, reduced populations of beneficial insects (predators). The study aimed to consider the use of pesticides by farmers to eradicate pests and diseases in horticulture and non-horticulture in South Sumatra. The research was conducted in South Sumatra Province. The research was conducted in 7 districts and 1 city, namely Indralaya District, North Indralaya District, Air Kumbang District, South Pemulutan District, Gelumbang District, Belitang Mulya District, Tanjung Batu District, and Palembang City, which was conducted from May to September 2022. Data were collected using the Secondary Variables method with Purposive sampling technique and processed into analyzed data. The results of this study showed that the most horticulture cultivated by farmers was eggplant(Solanum melongena L.). While for non-horticulture the most widely cultivated by farmers was corn(Zea mays). The percentage of pest attacks on non-horticultural land was 57.36%, the percentage of pest attacks on horticultural land was 68.28%. Variations in pest and disease attacks that occur in 180 farms on horticultural and non-horticultural crops in South Sumatra. Horticultural crops that are widely cultivated in South Sumatra include cucumber, long beans, and eggplant. Meanwhile, non-horticultural crops are corn, rice, and rubber. Spodoptera frugiperda was a pest that has been found to damage corn crops and Leptocorisa sp species that damage food crops (No Horticulture). Counseling was provided to farmers to find out the types of pests that could attack and the symptoms and diseases in plants to know how to control them.
Development of biofortified rice for reduce stunting rates in South Sumatra Province
Authors: Sopiana Rina
Published: October 2024

Lack of the element Zn in the body was one of the serious problems of malnutrition in Indonesia because it reduces endurance, productivity and quality of human life, and was one of the factors causing stunting. Stunting is worrying because it can cause problems with a child's growth and
development, which is characterized by the child's height being below standard. One of the factors
causing stunting is reduced consumption of zinc (Zn), especially in pregnant women and children.
Deficiency of the element Zn in the body can be corrected by consuming foods that contain Fe and Zn. This writing aims to inform and convey the idea that one of the efforts that can be made to reduce
stunting rates is through the development of Biofortified rice which will produce nutritious rice. To
evaluate the impact of rice development, an evaluation was carried out on rice production and its
effect on reducing stunting in several districts in South Sumatra. The method used was interviews,
recapitulation of primary and secondary data. Biofortified rice cultivation efforts had been carried out in South Sumatra since 2021 in South OKU (1000 ha), in 2022 in Lahat (1000 ha), and in 2023 in eight districts (8000 ha). In general, Biofortified rice production in South OKU Regency (5.28 tons dry Grain/ha) and Lahat Regency (5.08 tons Harvested Dry Grain/ha). Based on the 2021 Indonesian Nutritional Status Survey (INSS) saw a decrease in the average prevalence of stunting in South Sumatra in 2022 to 18.6%, which decreased from 24.8% in 2021, including in Biofortified rice development districts. Based on the fact that the development of Biofortified rice can be an effort to reduce stunting, The Regional Government was increasingly expanding rice cultivation in almost all districts/cities.
Recycling of water treatment plant sludge for copper adsorption from aqueous solutions
Authors: Riyanti Anggrika , Hadrah Hadrah , Zeusica Sihombing Arisanti Monica
Published: October 2024

Recent studies have explored various adsorbent materials that are low-cost, available in quantity, and effective for heavy metal removal, one of them is the Water Treatment Plant (WTP) sludge. The study aimed to investigate the potential of recycling Water Treatment Plant sludge into an adsorbent for Cu (II) removal. The sludge adsorbent was carbonized by using a furnace at 600°C for 2 hours. This study was conducted in batch. The adsorbent effectiveness was analyzed by varying the dosage, contact time, and activation of the sludge adsorbent on Cu (II) removal. The adsorption isotherm was analyzed using the Langmuir and Ferundlich models, and the kinetic study used pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order model. The results showed the removal efficiency of Cu (II) for both activated and non-activated sludge adsorbents reached 98.6–99.9%. The addition of dosage did not affect the increase in Cu (II) adsorption capacity. Activation of the adsorbent increased the adsorption capacity of Cu (II) with the equilibrium time at 60–90 min, shorter than the non-activated adsorbent at 90–120 min. The adsorption isotherm model for both adsorbent types fitted well to the Langmuir model, indicating the adsorption process occurs in a single layer on a homogeneous surface. The adsorption kinetics followed pseudo-second-order with a high correlation coefficient. Water treatment sludge, an industrial by-product, has the potential to be an effective and low-cost adsorbent material for Cu removal.
The role of superior varieties in increasing rice productivity on tidal lands in South Sumatra
Authors: Sri Ratmini Niluh Putu , Hutabarat Pandu , Khusniyati Siti
Published: October 2024

The development of tidal land as agricultural land is one opportunity to meet food needs. The study aimed to determine the contribution of superior varieties in increasing tidal rice productivity in South Sumatra. The research was conducted in Banyuasin Regency in 2021 using survey and interview methods. The number of sub-districts where sampling was taken was 9 sub-districts which are representative of low tide land. The data collected in this research were the results of harvested dry grain (tiles), the varieties used, the type and dose of fertilizer used, planting methods and cropping index. Apart from primary, secondary data was also collected  as supporting data in the form of land area for each region and climatic conditions. The data taken was tabulated and analyzed  descriptively. The research results show that the productivity level of superior rice varieties is higher than the district average productivity. Increasing productivity by applying superior varieties reaches 1.5 t/ha.
ОТРИМАННЯ БАГАТОКОМПОНЕНТНИХ ХРОМОВАНИХ ПОКРИТТІВ НА ДЕТАЛЯХ, ЯКІ ЕКСПЛУАТУЮТЬСЯ В АГРЕСИВНИХ УМОВАХ ЕЛАСТОМЕРНОГО ВИРОБНИЦТВА
Authors: Середа Б.П. , Удод А.М.
Published: October 2024

Дана стаття присвячена дослідженню технології отримання багатокомпонентних хромованих покриттів на деталях, які експлуатуються в агресивних умовах еластомерного виробництва. Зокрема, розглядається використання методу саморозповсюджуючогося високотемпературного синтезу (SHS), що дозволяє отримувати покриття з високою корозійною стійкістю завдяки утворенню пасивних оксидних плівок на поверхні. Проведено аналіз актуальності проблеми підвищення надійності та довговічності деталей в умовах агресивного впливу, який свідчить про необхідність впровадження ефективних методів захисту машин та установок. Стаття розглядає методику отримання багатокомпонентних хромованих покриттів з використанням технології SHS, а також вплив режиму теплового самовоспламенення з розбавленням порошкової суміші на ефективність отримання покриттів і їх корозійну стійкість. Проведено дослідження корозійної стійкості отриманих покриттів в агресивних середовищах, таких як водний розчин соляної кислоти, азотна кислота та сірчана кислота, що мають концентрацію 15%. На основі результатів досліджень зроблено висновок про ефективність застосування багатокомпонентних хромованих покриттів для підвищення корозійної стійкості деталей, які експлуатуються в агресивних умовах еластомерного виробництва. Дана стаття має практичне значення для підвищення довговічності та надійності машин і установок, особливо в умовах еластомерного виробництва, де важлива стійкість деталей до агресивних середовищ та корозії.
ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ СТВОРЕННЯ ТАБЛИЦЬ І ДЕЯКИХ ОБЧИСЛЕНЬ НА МОВІ ПРОГРАМУВАННЯ LATEX ДЛЯ МАТЕМАТИЧНИХ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ
Authors: Губаль Г.М.
Published: October 2024

У статті розглядається система LaTeX. Виконано автоматизацію створення даних у математичних дослідженнях за допомогою створених нових макросів у системі LaTeX на мові програмування LaTeX. Створено нові макроси, які генерують матриці випадкових чисел, розмірності яких можна ввести на етапі виконання макросів, які обчислюють і друкують суми введеної кількості доданків, піднесених до заданого степеня, які друкують рядки введених таблиць при заданій умові, які обчислюють і друкують суму елементів рядків і стовпців введених таблиць.
ЗЕЛЕНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ У СУЧАСНОМУ БУДІВНИЦТВІ: АНАЛІЗ ВІДНОВЛЮВАНИХ МАТЕРІАЛІВ ТА ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ЕНЕРГОЕФЕКТИВНИХ СИСТЕМ
Authors: Фрідлянд М. М.
Published: October 2024

Зелені технології у будівництві набувають все більшого значення у сучасному світі, спонукаючи до переосмислення підходів до створення споруд. Це дослідження зосереджено на вивченні різноманітних аспектів використання зелених технологій, зокрема – їхнього впливу на енергоефективність та екологічну стійкість будівельних об’єктів. Вивчено використання екологічно чистих матеріалів у будівництві, розробку альтернативних джерел енергії, впровадження ефективних методів утилізації відходів та створення оптимальних систем опалення та охолодження. Розглянуто широкий спектр аспектів використання зелених технологій у будівництві й висвітлено ефективність та можливості використання екологічно чистих матеріалів (біорозкладних композитів, відновлюваних дерев’яних матеріалів та інших натуральних ресурсів). Зосереджено увагу на розвитку альтернативних джерел енергії (сонячна та вітрова енергія, геотермальні системи та інші інноваційні технології), які дозволяють забезпечувати будівлі чистою та ефективною енергією.Розглянуто різноманітні методи утилізації відходів у будівництві, зокрема – переробку сміття, використання вторинних матеріалів та розробку систем водоочищення та вентиляції. Важливим аспектом є також аналіз оптимальних систем опалення та охолодження, включаючи використання випромінювальних поверхонь, теплових насосів та енергоефективних конструкцій. Висновки дослідження можуть слугувати основою для подальшого розвитку сталого будівництва та сприяти створенню енергоефективних та екологічно стійких споруд, що відповідають сучасним вимогам до житла та інфраструктури. Ця стаття може бути корисною різним зацікавленим сторонам: так, будівельні компанії та розробники зможуть залучити більше клієнтів і зменшити негативний вплив на навколишнє середовище, використовуючи зелені технології; архітектори та дизайнери зможуть створювати більш стійкі та ефективні будівлі, відповідні сучасним екологічним стандартам; громадські організації та екологічні активісти можуть використовувати цю інформацію для просування сталого будівництва.
ВУГЛЕПЛАСТИК НА ОСНОВІ АЛІФАТИЧНОГО ПОЛІАМІДУ
Authors: Чигвінцева О.П. , Бойко Ю.В.
Published: October 2024

Досліджено вплив температури переробки на термічні, теплофізичні, фізико-механічні і трибологічні властивості вуглепластику на основі аліфатичного поліаміду ПА-6,6. Встановлено, що оптимальний комплекс експлуатаційних характеристик має вуглепластик, відпресований при температурі 518К. Розроблений вуглепластик має високу теплопровідність і міцнісні характеристики, низькі значення питомої теплоємності, температурного коефіцієнта лінійного розширення і коефіцієнта тертя, а також гарну зносостійкість, що дозволяє рекомендувати його до застосування як матеріал конструкційного призначення