bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparative effectiveness of packaging design pheromone product to sustainable pest management of rhinoceros beetle in oil palm plantation
Authors: Hendarjanti Henny
Published: April 2024

The rhinoceros beetle (Oryctes rhinoceros L.) is the primary pest of oil palm plants. Rhinoceros beetle pest attacks cause severe damage to immature and mature plants. They produce an aggregation pheromone identified as ethyl-4-methyloctanoate (E4-MO). Rhinoceros beetles use this pheromone to find suitable habitats for foraging and breeding in the landscape of oil palm plantations. The mass use of pheromone traps has been used to monitor and capture imago stages of O. rhinoceros in the implementation of integrated pest management. Many commercial E4-MO pheromone products have been developed on the market with different packaging designs. The research aimed to determine packaging designs that increase attractiveness and effectiveness in catching rhinoceros beetles. The research was conducted at an oil palm plantation in Indragiri Hulu Regency, Riau. This research was an experimental method. The four design pheromone (permeable sachet, micropore sachet, tube dispenser and double dispenser) were installed in each oil palm planting block (planting area ± 30 ha/block). The number of installations for each design is three units/block with five replications. The assessment of rhinoceros beetle catches was carried out over four months. The results showed significant differences in the catch of rhinoceros beetles. The 4th month of observations showed that the double dispenser packaging design resulted in a higher total catch of rhinoceros beetles, with an average of 161.40. Meanwhile, permeable sachets, microporous sachets, and tube dispensers were 138.20, 139.80 and 91.00 beetles, respectively. Determining the pheromone packaging design is crucial to providing an effective and efficient pest management strategy.
ESTIMASI SUMBERDAYA NIKEL LATERIT DI KABUPATEN BANGGAI PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGAH
Authors: Malim A. N. L. , Amsah L. O. Y. , . Surianti
Published: April 2024

Estimasi sumberdaya memiliki peranan penting dalam mengetahui nilai kuantitas suatu endapan. Perhitungan sumberdaya dilakukan sebelum proses penambangan dilaksanakan. Perhitungan sumberdaya ini salah satunya dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah proses penambangan layak untuk dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sumberdaya nikel laterit pada PT Anugrah Sakti Utama. Metode inverse distance wighting digunakan untuk penentuan estimasi sumberdaya nikel laterit pada Zona Limonit dan Saprolit karena sesuai dengan kondisi yang terdapat pada daerah penelitian. PT Anugrah Sakti Utama menetapkan  kadar COG Ni ≥ 1.5 % dan densitasnya 1.5 ton/m3. Daerah pengaruh horizontal yang digunakan 25 meter sedangkan daerah vertikal satu (1) meter dalam melakukan estimasi sumberdaya. Hasil perhitungan estimasi sumberdaya dengan COG Ni ≥ 1.5 %  diperoleh volume endapan bijih nikel laterit sebesar 18.703.124 m3 dan tonase sumberdaya yang terindikasi sebesar 28.054.688 ton.
PELATIHAN ONLINE IMPLEMENTASI SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI DALAM ARTIKEL ILMIAH BAGI PESERTA DIDIK SMP SE-KALIMANTAN TIMUR
Authors: Sulaeman Nurul Fitriyah , Syam Muliati , Hakim Abdul , Nuryadin Atin , Mabrurah Fanzuruni Fauhatun
Published: April 2024

Pelatihan Online Implementasi Sains dan Teknologi dalam Artikel Ilmiah bagi Peserta Didik SMP Se-Kalimantan Timur ini bertujuan untuk melatih Guru dan Peserta Didik pada jenjang SMP mengimplementasikan sains dan teknologi dalam penulisan artikel ilmiah. Pelatihan dilaksanakan secara online pada 30 Mei 2022 melalui zoom meeting dan diikuti 11 guru serta 41 peserta didik se-Kalimantan Timur. Indikator keberhasilan kegiatan antara lain terlaksananya seluruh rangkaian kegiatan dan terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan peserta didik terkait implementasi sains dan teknologi dalam artikel ilmiah. Tahapan pelaksanaan kegiatan meliputi: 1) Tahap persiapan; 2) Tahap pelaksanaan; dan 3) Tahap monitoring, evaluasi dan pelaporan. Hasil evaluasi kegiatan menunjukkan kegiatan pelatihan mencapai seluruh indikator keberhasilan kegiatan dengan nilai N-Gain untuk peningkatan kemampuan peserta didik sebesar 0,2. Hasil ini menunjukkan perlunya dilakukan perlombaan karya tulis ilmiah bagi siswa SMP sebagai dukungan terhadap perkembangan kemampuan imlementasi sains dan teknologi
EVALUATION OF HYDRO ALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF CLERODENDRUM INFORTUNATUM LEAF FOR ANTIASTHEMATIC ACTIVITY
Authors: Sravya B  , Eeda Keerthi  , Kodiganti Mamatha  , Cankara Aishwarya  , Gunturi Srilekha  , G Jesu Deepika  , Kankamamidi Maheshwar Reddy
Published: April 2024

The present study is directed towards the hydroalcoholic extract of Clerodendrum infortunatum leaf categorized by antiasthmatic plants. Many herbal formulations are available for asthma but scientific validation and standardization is very difficult for this formulations. Phytochemical evaluation of the crude drugs such as ash value, extractive value were carried out and complies the limit given by quality standards of medicinal plants (ICMR). The fingerprint analysis was carried out for the Clerodendrum infortunatum, and compared the Rf values with gallic acid for the confirmation. The prepared hydroalcoholic extract of Clerodendrum infortunatum was subjected to determination of physical and chemical evaluations and the results complies as per the standards. The pharmacological findings concluded that the hydroalcoholic extract of Clerodendrum serratum could reverse asthmatic condition and reduced the total and differential WBC cell count in BALF, retained protein and MDA level in lung tissue, increased intact mast cells thus preventing its degranulation and mediators release. This Polyherbal hydroalcoholic extract of Clerodendrum serratum formulation is could be a promising new therapeutic approach for the treatment of clinical asthma.The stability studies and clinical trials to be carried out in future.
Enhancing prehospital ACS management: Insights from the 2023 ESC guidelines
Authors: Jakubowski Adam , Sosiński Daniel , Rzepnicka Zofia , Ładny Jerzy Robert , Nadolny Klaudiusz , Wojewódzka-Żelezniakowicz Marzena
Published: April 2024

Aim: This paper aims to elucidate the key changes and insights from the 2023 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines for prehospital management of Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS).
Material and methods: The guidelines are thoroughly analyzed, focusing on diagnostic tools, treatment strategies, and pharmacological interventions. Specific attention is given to the utilization of electrocardiogram (ECG) in ACS diagnosis, oxygen therapy thresholds, the use of nitrates and contraindications, morphine and alternative pain management, aspirin administration, and the application of beta-blockers and benzodiazepines.
Results: The guidelines emphasize the critical role of the 12-lead ECG in early ACS diagnosis, categorizing patients based on ST-segment elevation. Revised oxygen supplementation protocols and cautious use of nitrates are highlighted, considering their potential harmful effects. Alternatives to morphine for pain management and the importance of prompt aspirin administration are stressed. The guidelines also advocate for the use of intravenous beta-blockers in certain patients and recognize the role of benzodiazepines in managing stress-related symptoms. The importance of rapid treatment in reperfusion strategies and the use of ECG telemetry in enhancing communication with medical facilities are underscored.
Conclusions: The 2023 ESC guidelines present a comprehensive and updated approach to the prehospital management of ACS. They emphasize the need for rapid and accurate diagnosis, judicious use of pharmacological interventions, and the importance of standardized care protocols. These guidelines are pivotal in improving patient outcomes, reducing mortality and morbidity, and necessitate continued education and adaptation by emergency medical personnel.
ІННОВАЦІЙНИЙ РОЗВИТОК РЕГІОНУ НА ОСНОВІ КЛАСТЕРНОГО ПІДХОДУ
Authors: Гойко А. Ф. , Цифра Т. Ю.
Published: April 2024

У статті розглядаються питання щодо посилення розвитку конкурентоздатності українських регіонів, де провідна роль належить кластерам, які створюють основи для інноваційного розвитку територій. Розглянуто аспекти, умови та етапи реалізації механізму збалансованого розвитку регіону внаслідок створення кластерів. При цьому основна увага приділяється їх інноваційній орієнтованості як головному фактору підвищення конкурентоздатності регіональної та національної економіки. Особливо підкреслюється важлива роль держави і регіональних органів управління у формуванні ефективної кластерної політики. Наголошується, що при формуванні кластерів та плануванні їх розвитку обов'язково мають бути враховані рамки регіональних стратегій. Розкрито позитивні наслідки створення кластерів та їх вплив на економічний розвиток і конкурентоспроможність регіонів. Наводяться аргументовані приклади створення кластерів у багатьох країнах світу, як основи найбільш успішних економік. Зазначається, що процес кластеризації повинен здійснюватися відповідно до наявного потенціалу регіону, зокрема, економічного, соціально-економічного, ринкового, кадрового, трудового, виробничого, ресурсного, фінансового та інших видів. Висвітлено фактори, що стримують розвиток кластерів та основні аспекти створення кластерів, а соме: теоретичний; організаційно-правовий; інформаційний; соціально-економічний. Подано схему реалізації кластерного підходу у певної послідовності дій, представлених на схемі у вигляді етапів виконання конкретних робіт та досягнення відповідних їм результатів.
Understanding how children are coping with climate change anxiety by exploring coping strategies and supportive interventions
Authors: Jackson Jessica Eve , Rawson Rebecca , Colman Rory , Brooks-Ucheaga Michelle , Kotera Yasuhiro
Published: April 2024

Climate change presents a significant threat to both the planet and humans, impacting our physical health and mental well-being. The challenges that it presents underscore an imperative to execute immediate and concerted actions. These threats, even if circumvented timely, will have repercussions persisting into the future, implying that (i) our children have been born into unprecedented times and (ii) as future adults, they will find themselves facing the major consequences of climate change. These ramifications can negatively affect their mental health and well-being. In this commentary, we put forward our viewpoints regarding the effect of climate change anxiety on this population group and discuss the coping strategies and supportive interventions used to cope with said anxiety. Empowering children to engage in climate action has been recognized as a coping strategy while equipping them with knowledge and resources on climate change and providing safe spaces and experiences in nature are identified as supportive interventions. However, further empirical research evidence is needed to determine the next steps to address the extent of the impact of climate change anxiety and prepare our children for the future.
Lifelong learning, well-being, and climate justice activism: Exploring social movement learning among Australia’s Knitting Nannas
Authors: Larri Larraine J.
Published: April 2024

The participation of older people in social movement learning presents a unique perspective on lifelong learning opportunities and well-aging in later life. Australia’s Knitting Nannas Against Gas and Greed exemplifies how older women have challenged the “double jeopardy of old age” embodied in ageist sexism and become well-regarded anti-coal seam gas environmental activists. This article explores how engagement in environmental activism has fostered a learning ecology, which promotes transformative and emancipatory learning dispositions that benefit well-aging. A significant gap exists in transformative environmental adult educational research in relation to the motivation for and engagement of older women in environmentalism. Drawing on my Ph.D. research, I identify how women acquire environmental and ecological literacy, develop activist skills, and cultivate emancipatory learning dispositions. They benefit from being part of a supportive community of older women, enhancing their quality of life. This phenomenon is referred to as “Nannagogy.”
 
The Relationship Between Physical Activity and Nutritional Status Based on Body Mass Index for Age Percentiles in Elementary School Children in Ciherang Village
Authors: Susy Olivia Lontoh  , Yohanes Firmansyah  , Ernawati Ernawati  , Santoso Alexander Halim , William Gilbert Satyanegara  , Bryan Anna Wijaya  , Fiona Valencia Setiawan  , Nicholas Setia  , Daniel Goh
Published: April 2024

Physical activity is crucial for children, and it is also useful in the prevention of obesity. In today's modern lifestyle, children are becoming more inactive, which puts them at risk of being overweight and obese. Studies have shown that physical activity and dietary changes can help reduce weight in obese children. Therefore, researchers are interested in studying the relationship between physical activity and nutritional status in children. This cross-sectional study was conducted in February-March 2024 at 5 Ciherang Elementary Schools. Children who meet the inclusion criteria will be asked questions about physical activity using the IPAQ questionnaire, followed by a measurement of body weight and height, and then nutritional status will be interpreted using the BMI per age chart from CDC. Two hundred forty-six children met the inclusion criteria, and it was found that there was no significant difference in the mean value of IPAQ between nutritional status groups based on BMI/Age (p-value = 0.844). In this study, it was found that there was no significant difference between physical activity duration and nutritional status in children.
Correlation of Physical Activity with Behavioral, Emotional, and Psychosocial Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study of 5 Elementary Schools in Ciherang Village
Authors: Agustina Agustina  , Fransisca Iriani R Dewi  , Lontoh Susy Olivia , Yohanes Firmansyah  , William Gilbert Satyanegara  , Valentino Gilbert Lumintang  , Kasvana Kasvana  , Geoffrey Christian Lo
Published: April 2024

Physical activity is essential for children, but unfortunately, it has decreased due to the development of technology. Sedentary behavior in children can cause growth disorders, such as obesity, diabetes, heart disease, and high blood pressure. It can also affect child development, including emotional and behavioral disorders, decreased self-confidence, and symptoms of depression. This cross-sectional study was conducted in February-March 2024 in five Ciherang Elementary Schools. The study included 246 children who met the inclusion criteria. Physical activity was assessed using the IPAQ questionnaire, while emotional and behavioral disorders were assessed using the pediatric symptom checklist 17 (PSC-17) questionnaire. Their mean age was 11.83 years. The mean IPAQ score was 62.21 (16.45), and the mean PSC-17 score was 11 (2 – 27). The study found no significant correlation between physical activity and emotional, behavioral, and psychosocial disorders (internalization; p-value = 0.322, attention; p-value=0.515, and externalization; p-value=0.059, and total PSC17 score; p-value=0.944). However, a correlation was found between physical activity and externalizing behavior, with an r-correlation value of 0.121 and an R square of 0.016. Physical activity is associated with externalizing behavior, particularly in children between 10 and 14.
The Influence of Employee Engagement and Employee Welfare on Employee Retention Through Business Management Talent Strategies
Authors: Anggraini Dewi Ratih , Rahadi Dedi Rianto
Published: April 2024

This research aims to investigate the influence of employee engagement and happiness on employee retention through the implementation of talent management strategies in the context of Business Management. The research method uses Structural Equation Modeling - Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) using Smart-PLS software. The research population includes employees at PT ABC Cikaarang . Data collection was carried out using a questionnaire. The research results show high reliability in the variable measurement tools used, especially employee engagement, employee retention, employee welfare, and talent management. Hypothesis analysis confirms the existence of a significant influence between employee engagement, employee retention, and talent management. However, it was found that the relationship between employee well-being and talent management was not significant. The implication is that increasing employee engagement and happiness can strengthen the relationship with employee retention and talent management, which will have a positive impact on human resource management in business organizations. These findings provide theoretical contributions regarding the dynamics of key human resource management variables, while providing practical guidance for organizational leaders..
The Influence of Social Media Strategy, Corporate Entrepreneurship and Innovation Capability on Firm Performance Mediated by Managing Business Strategy in Cosmetic Companies in Jabodetabek
Authors: Destiana Nadia Stefanie , Arafah Willy , Kusnadi
Published: April 2024

The aim of the research is to analyze the influence of social media strategy, corporate entrepreneurship, innovation capability on the firm performance of cosmetic business actors mediated by managing business strategy. The research method used in this research is hypothesis testing. This research is quantitative, using a questionnaire given to 193 policy actors, owners, or leaders of cosmetics companies in the Jabodetabek area. Data analysis used SPSS and PLS.3.20 software with the Structural Equation Model (SEM) multivariate analysis method. The results of this research have a direct influence on the variables of social media strategy, corporate entrepreneurship, innovation capability and have a significant and positive effect on firm performance. Social media strategy has no negative influence on managing business strategy. The variable corporate entrepreneurship and innovation capability has the strongest influence on managing business strategy. The direct influence of managing business strategy on firm performance. The indirect influence of social media strategy on firm performance through managing business strategy results are unsupportive or negative. The indirect influence for corporate entrepreneurship, innovation capability has a significant and positive influence on firm performance which is mediated by the managing business strategy of cosmetic business actors. The strongest influence is the innovation capability variable on firm performance which is mediated by managing business strategy. The research implications of the existence of a social media strategy are not yet optimal in supporting the managing business strategy of cosmetic business actors and this needs to be paid attention to by cosmetic business actors in the process of utilizing social media in marketing strategies, especially in promotional strategies through digital marketing. Corporate entrepreneurship and innovation capability the results of this research significantly strengthen the influence of corporate entrepreneurship and innovation capability on the firm performance of cosmetic business actors. Managing business strategy as mediation of social media strategy has not been able to improve the firm performance of cosmetic business actors
Influence Methodstory Telling on Public Communication Skills Among Students of SDN 3 Mekarsari, Depok, West Java
Authors: Subiakto Vania Utamie
Published: April 2024

For some students, public speaking is new, although they often take the form of presentations in class. When primary school students realize that the public speaking method is a character education for the younger generation and provides creative development for multi-faceted communication, the implementation of the public speaking method takes on a new color. This requires in-depth training in implementing narrative methods for primary school students. This can be done by communicating ideas or suggestions verbally or verbally. Although they have spoken frequently since childhood, in practice many people have difficulty expressing these expressions according to the rules of public speaking. On this basis, the author will study the impact of storytelling method on the public communication skills of students in SDN 3 Mekarsari Depok, West Java. The purpose of this study is to understand the extent of public speaking skills among primary school students in Depok, West Java, before the implementation of storytelling method, and to understand the extent of the impact of storytelling method on students’ public speaking skills SDN 3 Mekarsari, Depok, West Java. The method used in this study is quantitative research method. This study is a pre-experimental study or pseudo-experiment. The design employed pretest and posttest groups. Within a group, pretests and posttests were administered before any treatment. The subjects of this study included 45 students from SDN 3 Mekarsari Cimanggis Depok, West Java. This number was determined based on the selection of primary school children based on respondents as they are easily accessible and recognize the Alpha Generation who are able to develop storytelling practices that increase confidence and improve social literacy. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The researchers collected samples from 45 students at SDN 3 Mekarsari Cimanggis Depok, West Java. The researchers did not switch the population from Class 1 to Class III because switching from Class 1 to Class III would be premature and there were concerns that the measurements might be invalid. The population of fourth to sixth grade students in this study is 214, or 20%, so the sample of this study includes 45 students. Therefore, when specifying the sample size for this study, the researchers mentioned hair. Hair stated that the sample size can be determined by the number of ratings x the scale value. Data collection techniques in this study used testing and observation.
Antioxidant potential of Buriti (Mauritia flexuosa) pulp flour in diabetic rats
Authors: Nunes Lage Nara , Macedo Lopes Juliana Márcia , Pereira Renata Rebeca , Ferreira da Costa Guerra Joyce , Albuquerque Pereira Mariana de Fátima , Silva Maisa , de Freitas Bonomo Larissa , de Lima Wanderson Geraldo , Silva Marcelo Eustáquio , Pedrosa Maria Lúcia
Published: April 2024

Buriti pulp flour (BPF) contains significant levels of antioxidants. This study evaluated the effect of BPF on biomarkers of oxidative damage in the liver, heart, and pancreas of diabetic rats. The chemical composition, antioxidant capacity, and polyphenol content of BPF were determined. Thirty-six female Fisher rats were divided into four groups: control (C); control + BPF (CB); diabetic (D); diabetic + BPF (DB). Diabetes was induced by treatment with streptozotocin. Thirty days after the induction of diabetes, glucose, total cholesterol and triacylglycerides serum levels, aminotransferase and paraoxonase activities were evaluated. Oxidative damage to lipids and proteins was assessed through thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and protein carbonyl analyses, respectively. Histopathological analyses were also performed. BPF contained high concentrations of phenolic compounds, lipids, and fibers, and exhibited a high capacity to neutralize the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. Diabetes was evidenced by equivalent high levels of glucose in plasma from rats in the D and DB groups. Diabetic rats in both groups also presented the same increased activity of aminotransferases. Protein carbonyl levels were increased in liver, heart, and pancreas in the D compared with C group. Although treatment with BPF did not result in any histopathological alterations, it reduced significantly the levels of TBARS in the heart and protein carbonyls in the liver and heart. No effect on blood glucose and tissue histology was observed following treatment with BPF. However, BPF diminished oxidative damage in liver and heart, indicating a possible antioxidant potential in vivo, in addition to in vitro.
Planteamiento de Biorremediación y Prácticas Ancestrales en la Laguna de Colta, Chimborazo-Ecuador para Mejorar la Calidad de Agua que Sale del Sistema Lacustre
Authors: Veloz Goyes Diego Fernando
Published: April 2024

La presente propuesta se basa en plantear un manejo ambiental mediante biorremediación y prácticas ancestrales en un segmento de la Laguna de Colta mediante el uso de Ingahuachos con plantas acuáticas para mejorar la calidad de agua que sale del sistema lacustre, considera la problemática socioeconómica y ambiental que tiene la laguna de Colta y los habitantes que se sustentan de esta, lo que se plantea en este estudio es demostrar que a través de una técnica ancestral agrícola como los Ingahuachos se puede generar un uso adecuado del recurso hídrico, bajar los niveles de contaminación del agua, crear un agro ecosistema adecuado para la producción agrícola en altura, y a su vez generar una conciencia ambiental de adaptación al cambio climático en el sector.  Tomando en cuenta que se utilizará elementos del entorno (Totora, Azolla, Papiro) accesibles a la población de sector, se rescata un conocimiento ancestral y a su vez se da una alternativa sustentable y sostenible a la problemática de la laguna de Colta. Una vez implementado se pretende que pueda ser imitado o aplicado en todos los sectores de la laguna.  Las encuestas realizadas validan la estrategia de fitorremediación de las aguas de la Laguna de Colta mediante el uso de ingahuachos y plantas nativas de la zona. Las proyecciones del proyecto una vez implementado dan un panorama viable en la factibilidad de este, puesto que no requiere una gran inversión y a su vez cumple con parámetros de sustentabilidad.
Predicción del rendimiento académico mediante modelos de regresión logística y el análisis discriminante
Authors: Torres López Casio Aurelio , Pachas Huaytan Jorge Vladimir , López Gómez Henri Emmanuel , Sánchez Soto Juan Manuel , Ortiz Fernández Jaime Humberto
Published: April 2024

Esta investigación dio respuesta a la interrogante ¿cuáles son las variables significativas que inciden en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes en los primeros semestres de estudios de una escuela profesional de la facultad de ingeniería de una universidad privada de la región Junín?, el objetivo general fue: Identificar las variables significativas que inciden en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes en los primeros semestres de estudios y la hipótesis general que se contrastó: Las variables significativas que inciden en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes en los primeros semestres de estudios son las características individuales y socioeconómicas, variables de preingreso y el desempeño académico previo. El método general de investigación fue el científico, los métodos específicos fueron el observacional, documental, hipotético, descriptivo y estadístico. El tipo de investigación fue la Aplicada, de nivel explicativo – predictivo, de diseño no experimental – transversal, la población estuvo conformada por los estudiantes de una escuela profesional correspondiente a los semestres 2022 I, 2022 II y 2023 I, el tipo de muestreo fue el aleatorio. La principal conclusión, el mejor modelo identificado es el de regresión logística y análisis discriminante, que combina en forma adecuada la significancia global, nivel de predictibilidad, posibilidad de manejo de las variables del modelo y la eficacia de políticas educativas específicas. Este mejor modelo tiene un p-valor (valor de probabilidad) de 0 y un coeficiente de determinación R2 del 88.41 %, siendo las variables relevantes, la edad del estudiante, el promedio ponderado de las calificaciones del período anterior de estudios y el ingreso familiar agregado; la recomendación más importante, que los resultados de esta investigación sirvan de orientación para crear nuevas estrategias que solucionen el problema del bajo rendimiento académico, propiciando la reducción del índice de abandono estudiantil.
Characteristics of Plastic Waste-Based Activated Carbon: A Preliminary Review
Authors: Muhammad Adam Akmal Azuan  , Siti Amira Othman
Published: April 2024

This review encompasses an overview of the existing literature related to the transformation of solid plastic waste into activated carbon for wastewater treatment and explores its diverse applications. The transformation of plastic waste into activated carbon has gained significant attention in recent years due to its potential to address two critical environmental issues, which are plastic waste management and wastewater treatment. The literature reveals various techniques employed to transform solid plastic waste into activated carbon. Studies emphasize the favourable properties of plastic waste-based activated carbon, including high surface area and porosity, enabling effective adsorption of pollutants in wastewater. The material has demonstrated promising results in removing contaminants such as dyes, pharmaceuticals and heavy metals. Additionally, its diverse applications extend beyond wastewater treatment to include air purification, energy storage and catalyst support.
Optimization of Parameters for Polydiacetylenes Vesicles using Response Surface Methodology as a Function of Calorimetric Sensor
Authors: Syazwani Mohd Faizo  , Naurah Mat Isa  , Roshafima Rasit Ali  , Nur Fathin Amirah Shafie  , Mohd Yusof Hamzah  , Zatil Izzah Tarmizi
Published: April 2024

Polydiacetylenes (PDAs) are well-known materials that can be used as colorimetric stimulations sensors. PDA-based materials are usually produced though the self-assembly in an aqueous solution. Since the responses of PDA vesicles produced under different conditions changed, the PDA vesicles must be optimized. It was employed to optimize the irradiation dosage, concentration, temperature and solvent ratio for PDA vesicles by using the Box-Behnken experiment design. Box-Behnken Design (BBD) can help reduce the number of tests needed by analyzing several combinations of variable levels at the same time. The peak of optical shift characteristics of PDAs vesicles was enhanced in parallel with the optimization of optimal parameters. As a consequence, the conditions with the maximum optical absorbance as evaluated by UV-Vis Spectroscopy were preferable. Therefore, the results indicate that this model is reliable and can precisely identify the maximum response peak. It was concluded that the BBD experimental design concept could be effectively used to optimize the parameters for the formation of PDAs vesicles with the fewest number of experimental runs possible. The PDAs vesicles formed under these conditions will be used for further characterization and testing. As a consequence, the best optimal conditions for 10,12-pentacosadyinoic acid (PCDA) vesicles can be concluded at 2.0 mM monomer concentration, 65 degree celsius processing temperature and 50:50 solvent ratio used between chloroform and tetrahydrofuran.
La gaita as an intercultural bridge, for the creation of music seedbeds, which facilitates the recovery of values and ancestral culture
Authors: Hernández-Pérez Danelys Eugenia , Carmona-Villa Yomaira , Luna-Jaraba Pablo José
Published: April 2024

This research is based on an ancestral cultural reference of the municipality of Ovejas, Sucre: The gaita music, from the scenario of the Educational Institution "San Rafael", which is constituted in its intangible heritage of local, national and international recognition, with the objective of designing a ludic-didactic strategy, based on the creation of seedbeds, as a tool that promotes values, skills and traditions; In this process it is necessary to explore secondary information and, especially, the primary information obtained technically and methodologically through direct observation, surveys, semi-structured interviews, participative thematic workshops and other techniques that allowed to know the subject with a greater level of depth and objectivity; as a result of this process, qualitative data and quantitative information were found that supported the formulation of strategies to minimize the problem and improve the reality. It is necessary that, in the operationalization of the alternative proposals presented in a structured manner, by category of analysis, there is the active participation of all members of the educational community, with the involvement of citizens in general, so that there is an approximation between what was proposed in the research and a social reality that will benefit from these academic and pedagogical initiatives.
Parking Occupancy Detection using Computer Vision Techniques
Authors: Katiyar Ashish , . Seema
Published: April 2024

The surge in vehicle numbers on roads contributes significantly to traffic congestion and management challenges, particularly evident in developing nations like India where the influx of cars exceeds road and parking capacity. Addressing these issues necessitates the implementation of sophisticated parking management systems. This project focuses on two key objectives: detecting vehicle occupancy within marked parking slots and analyzing parking data. Using the parking lot near IIT Kanpur main gate as a reference, video data was collected for 14 consecutive days, enabling the evaluation of vehicle occupancy and parking patterns. Object detection algorithms such as Mask-RCNN and YOLO-v5 were employed to identify occupied parking spaces within the lot. Various methods, including HAAR cascade-based classifiers, DNN-based systems utilizing ResNet classifiers, and RCNN with IoU, were tested for detecting vehicles within allotted slots. The data collected was stored in CSV format for analysis. This project aims to provide insights into detecting parking space availability and analyzing parking data to optimize time and fuel efficiency. In the Mask-RCNN approach, pre-occupied spaces are denoted by red boxes, while green boxes represent available parking spots. Similarly, YOLOv5 was utilized to count cars in video frames and identify available parking spaces. The YOLO Annotation Toolbox facilitated the extraction of parking space coordinates from recorded video frames, which were then visualized in QGIS for further analysis.
Loan Approval Prediction System Using Machina Learning
Authors: Prasad P V V S V , Nageswara Rao P.V
Published: April 2024

With the growth of the banking sector, the identification of reliable borrowers that must maintain the natural core income and asset accumulation becomes a key issue. Despite all security measures, reliability of customers remains an unclear question. To tackle this barrier, banking management which is directed towards customer loan repayment consistency is required. Credit approval is a significant aspect of economy since it determines the allocation of credit-linked funds. Today, machine learning is known for its power to automate and scale up the processing of application for loans. This project will begin with data collection which will consist of data on historical (regarding the past) loan applications and the borrower profiles. The dataset has features of the credit score, income, previous work experience, debt-to-income ratio, and loan repayment record. This way, the models learn through the strengths to find good features and the reasons for accepting a loan. They are the experts in these areas and can forecast the potential patterns and connections of the data. Within the scope of this work, the supervised algorithms used are logistic regression, decision trees, random forests, and support vector machines. These algorithms are applied to the dataset available to often produce results like binary classification and regression. The adoption of machine learning among financial institutions is intended for a faster processing of loans which is their benefit. What is credit scoring, it is a tool which automate manual loan application review thereby increases efficiency. The machine-learning algorithms that analyse applications for loans could cut down on the possibilities of human biases and mistakes which are an inherent part of the process. Also, ML uses the model to recognize borrowers who may default and subsequently lower the likelihood of default. Part of the task involve utilizing historical credit market data and implementing ML algorithms to develop a highly accurate and reliable loan approving system based on trained-data, random forests, the stream of loans and reliable clients.
Candidate Main-belt Asteroids for Surface Heterogeneity
Authors: Hasegawa Sunao , Marsset Michaël , DeMeo Francesca E. , Hanuš Josef , Binzel Richard P. , Bus Schelte J. , Burt Brian , Polishook David , Thomas Cristina A. , Geem Jooyeon , Ishiguro Masateru , Kuroda Daisuke , Vernazza Pierre
Published: April 2024

Large terrestrial bodies in our solar system like the Earth, Mars, Mercury, and the Moon exhibit geologically complex surfaces with compositional heterogeneity. From past studies using large telescopes and spacecraft, it was shown that asteroids with diameters larger than 100 km also show surface heterogeneity at hemispheric scales, while on smaller objects, such features remain to be detected. Here, we investigate candidates for surface heterogeneity in a sample of 130 main-belt asteroids using multiepoch spectroscopic data from the MIT–Hawaii Near-Earth Object Spectroscopic Survey, which has been observing asteroids for about 20 yr using a self-consistent observation technique. Twelve conservative candidates with spectra more than 3σ apart from each other at 2.4 μm and 52 optimistic candidates for surface heterogeneity are detected. These candidates include eight objects already reported as being heterogeneous. Our study suggests that the size boundary between small homogeneous asteroids and larger heterogeneous objects, if it exists, is lower than 100 km. A-type asteroids have a higher proportion of heterogeneous candidates than other asteroids. This may be because olivine, which is the main surface constituent of these objects, reacts more efficiently to space weathering with respect to pyroxene, such that a similar range of surface ages will translate into a wider range of optical-to-near-infrared spectral slopes in the case of A-type bodies.
Modeling JWST MIRI-MRS Observations of T Cha: Mid-IR Noble Gas Emission Tracing a Dense Disk Wind
Authors: Sellek Andrew D. , Bajaj Naman S. , Pascucci Ilaria , Clarke Cathie J. , Alexander Richard , Xie Chengyan , Ballabio Giulia , Deng Dingshan , Gorti Uma , Gaspar Andras , Morrison Jane
Published: April 2024

[Ne ii] 12.81 μm emission is a well-used tracer of protoplanetary disk winds due to its blueshifted line profile. Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI)-Medium Resolution Spectrometer (MRS) recently observed T Cha, detecting this line along with lines of [Ne iii], [Ar ii], and [Ar iii], with the [Ne ii] and [Ne iii] lines found to be extended while the [Ar ii] was not. In this complementary work, we use these lines to address long-debated questions about protoplanetary disk winds regarding their mass-loss rate, the origin of their ionization, and the role of magnetically driven winds as opposed to photoevaporation. To this end, we perform photoionization radiative transfer on simple hydrodynamic wind models to map the line emission. We compare the integrated model luminosities to those observed with MIRI-MRS to identify which models most closely reproduce the data and produce synthetic images from these to understand what information is captured by measurements of the line extents. Along with the low degree of ionization implied by the line ratios, the relative compactness of [Ar ii] compared to [Ne ii] is particularly constraining. This requires Ne ii production by hard X-rays and Ar ii production by soft X-rays (and/or EUV) in an extended (≳10 au) wind that is shielded from soft X-rays, necessitating a dense wind with material launched on scales down to ∼1 au. Such conditions could be produced by photoevaporation, whereas an extended magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) wind producing equal shielding would likely underpredict the line fluxes. However, a tenuous inner MHD wind may still contribute to shielding the extended wind. This picture is consistent with constraints from spectrally resolved line profiles.
The Initial Conditions of Clustered Core Collapse: Multiwavelength Analysis of Oph A SM1N and N6 at 100 au Resolution
Authors: Friesen Rachel K. , Bourke Tyler L. , Caselli Paola , Di Francesco James , Li Zhi-Yun , Pineda Jaime E.
Published: April 2024

We present new Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) continuum and NH2D, N2D+, and H2D+ line emission at matched, ∼100 au resolution toward the dense star-forming cores SM1N and N6 within the Ophiuchus molecular cloud. We determine the density and temperature structure of SM1N based on radiative transfer modeling and simulated observations of the multiwavelength continuum emission at 0.8, 2, and 3 mm. We show that SM1N is best fit by either a broken power-law or Plummer-like density profile with high central densities (n ∼ 108 cm−3), and an inner transition radius of only ∼80–300 au. The free-fall time of the inner region is only a few ×103 yr. The continuum modeling rules out the presence of an embedded first hydrostatic core (FHSC) or protostar. SM1N is therefore a dynamically unstable but still starless core. We find that NH2D is likely depleted at high densities within SM1N. The nonthermal velocity dispersions increase from NH2D to N2H+ and H2D+, possibly tracing increasing (but still subsonic) infall speeds at higher densities as predicted by some models of starless core contraction. Toward N6, we confirm the previous ALMA detection of a faint, embedded point source (N6-mm) in 0.8 mm continuum emission. NH2D and N2D+ avoid N6-mm within ∼100 au, while H2D+ is not strongly detected toward N6. The distribution of these tracers is consistent with heating by a young, warm object. N6-mm thus remains one of the best candidate FHSCs detected so far, although its observed (sub)millimeter luminosity remains below predictions for FHSCs.
Fossil Signatures of Main-sequence Convective Core Overshoot Estimated through Asteroseismic Analyses
Authors: Lindsay Christopher J. , Ong J. M. Joel , Basu Sarbani
Published: April 2024

Some physical processes that occur during a star's main-sequence evolution also affect its post-main-sequence evolution. It is well known that stars with masses above approximately 1.1 M
⊙ have well-mixed convective cores on the main sequence; however, the structure of the star in the neighborhood of the convective core regions is currently underconstrained. We use asteroseismology to study the properties of the stellar core, in particular convective boundary mixing through convective overshoot, in such intermediate-mass stars. These core regions are poorly constrained by the acoustic (p) mode oscillations observed for cool main-sequence stars. Consequently, we seek fossil signatures of main-sequence core properties during the subgiant and early first-ascent red giant phases of evolution. During these stages of stellar evolution, modes of mixed character that sample the deep interior can be observed. These modes sample the parts of the stars that are affected by the main-sequence structure of these regions. We model the global and near-core properties of 62 subgiant and early first-ascent red giant branch stars observed by the Kepler, K2, and TESS space missions. We find that the effective overshoot parameter, α
ov,eff, increases from M = 1.0 M
⊙ to M = 1.2 M
⊙ before flattening out, although we note that the relationship between α
ov,eff and mass will depend on the incorporated modeling choices of internal physics and nuclear reaction network. We also situate these results within existing studies of main-sequence convective core boundaries.
The Reservoir of the Per-emb-2 Streamer
Authors: Taniguchi Kotomi , Pineda Jaime E. , Caselli Paola , Shimoikura Tomomi , Friesen Rachel K. , Segura-Cox Dominique M. , Schmiedeke Anika
Published: April 2024

Streamers bring gas from outer regions to protostellar systems and could change the chemical composition around protostars and protoplanetary disks. We have carried out mapping observations of carbon-chain species (HC3N, HC5N, CCH, and CCS) in the 3 mm and 7 mm bands toward the streamer flowing to the Class 0 young stellar object (YSO) Per-emb-2 with the Nobeyama 45 m radio telescope. A region with a diameter of ∼0.04 pc is located to the north at a distance of ∼20,500 au from the YSO. The streamer connects to this northern region, which is its origin. The reservoir has high density and low temperature (

n

H

2

≈
1.9
×

10

4

cm−3, T
kin = 10 K), which are similar to those of early-stage starless cores. By comparison of the observed abundance ratios of CCS/HC3N to the chemical simulations, the reservoir and streamer are found to be chemically young. The total mass available for the streamer is derived to be 24–34 M
⊙. It has been estimated that, if all of the gas in the reservoir were to accrete onto the Per-emb-2 protostellar system, the lifetime of the streamer would be (1.1–3.2) × 105 yr, suggesting that the mass accretion via the streamer would continue until the end of the Class I stage.
Formation of Polar Crown Filament Magnetic Fields by Supergranular Helicity Injection
Authors: Chen Huanxin , Xia Chun , Chen Hechao
Published: April 2024

To understand the magnetic fields of the polar crown filaments (PCFs) at high latitudes near polar regions of the Sun, we perform magnetofrictional numerical simulations on the long-term magnetic evolution of bipolar fields with roughly east–west polarity inversion lines (PILs) in a 3D spherical wedge domain near polar regions. The Coriolis-effect-induced vortical motions at the boundaries of several supergranular cells inject magnetic helicity from the photospheric boundary into the solar atmosphere. Supergranular-scale helicity injection, transfer, and condensation produce strongly sheared magnetic fields. Magnetic reconnections at footpoints of the sheared fields produce magnetic flux ropes (MFRs) with helicity signs consistent with the observed hemispheric helicity rule. The cross-sectional area of MFRs exhibits an uneven distribution, resembling a “foot-node-foot” periodic configuration. Experiments with different tilt directions of PILs indicate that the PCFs preferably form along PILs with the western end close to the polar region. The bending of PILs caused by supergranular flows, forming S-shape (Z-shape) PIL segments, promotes the formation of dextral (sinistral) MFRs. The realistic magnetic models we obtained can serve as starting points for the study of the plasma formation and eruption of PCFs.
White Dwarf Merger Remnants: The DAQ Subclass
Authors: Kilic Mukremin , Bergeron Pierre , Blouin Simon , Jewett Gracyn , Brown Warren R. , Moss Adam
Published: April 2024

Four years after the discovery of a unique DAQ white dwarf with a hydrogen-dominated and carbon-rich atmosphere, we report the discovery of four new DAQ white dwarfs, including two that were not recognized properly in the literature. We find all five DAQs in a relatively narrow mass and temperature range of M = 1.14–1.19 M
⊙ and T
eff = 13,000–17,000 K. In addition, at least two show photometric variations due to rapid rotation with ≈10 minute periods. All five are also kinematically old, but appear photometrically young, with estimated cooling ages of about 1 Gyr based on standard cooling tracks, and their masses are roughly twice the mass of the most common white dwarfs in the solar neighborhood. These characteristics are smoking gun signatures of white dwarf merger remnants. Comparing the DAQ sample with warm DQ white dwarfs, we demonstrate that there is a range of hydrogen abundances among the warm DQ population and that the distinction between DAQ and warm DQ white dwarfs is superficial. We discuss the potential evolutionary channels for the emergence of the DAQ subclass, suggesting that DAQ white dwarfs are trapped on the crystallization sequence and may remain there for a significant fraction of the Hubble time.