bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of Drug Combinations for Chronic Pelvic Pain: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Authors: Mohiuddin Mohammed , Park Rex , Wesselmann Ursula , Pukall Caroline , Jarvi Keith , Nickel Curtis , Doiron Christopher , Gilron Ian
Published: April 2021

Background

Chronic pelvic pain with various etiologies and mechanisms affects men and women and is a major challenge. Monotherapy is often unsuccessful for chronic pelvic pain, and combinations of different classes of medications are frequently prescribed, with the expectation of improved outcomes. Although a number of combination trials for chronic pelvic pain have been reported, we are not aware of any systematic reviews of the available evidence on combination drug therapy for chronic pelvic pain.

Objective

We have developed a protocol for a systematic review to evaluate available evidence of the efficacy and safety of drug combinations for chronic pelvic pain.

Methods

This systematic review will involve a detailed search of randomized controlled trials investigating drug combinations to treat chronic pelvic pain in adults. The databases searched will include the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, and EMBASE from their inception until the date the searches are run to identify relevant studies. The primary outcome will be pain relief measured using validated scoring tools. Secondary outcomes, where reported, will include the following: adverse events, serious adverse events, sexual function, quality of life, and depression and anxiety. Methodological quality of each included study will be assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool.

Results

The systematic review defined by this protocol is expected to synthesize available good quality evidence on combination drug therapy in chronic pelvic pain, which may help guide future research and treatment choices for patients and their health care providers.

Conclusions

This review will provide a clearer understanding of the efficacy and safety of combination pharmacological therapy for chronic pelvic pain.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42020192231; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=192231

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/21909
Medical Students’ Perceptions of Play and Learning: Qualitative Study With Focus Groups and Thematic Analysis
Authors: Van Gaalen A E J , Jaarsma A D C , Georgiadis J R
Published: April 2021

Background

In times where distance learning is becoming the norm, game-based learning (GBL) is increasingly applied to health profession education. Yet, decisions for if, when, how, and for whom GBL should be designed cannot be made on a solid empirical basis. Though the act of play seems to be intertwined with GBL, it is generally ignored in the current scientific literature.

Objective

The objective of our study was to explore students’ perceptions of play in leisure time and of GBL as part of a mechanistic, bottom-up approach towards evidence-informed design and implementation of GBL in health profession education.

Methods

We conducted 6 focus group discussions with medical and dentistry students, which were analyzed using thematic analysis.

Results

A total of 58 students participated. We identified 4 major themes based on the students’ perception of play in leisure time and on the combination of play and learning. Our results indicate that, while play preferences were highly various in our health profession student cohort, pleasure was the common ground reported for playing. Crucially, play and the serious act of learning seemed paradoxical, indicating that the value and meaning of play are strongly context-dependent for students.

Conclusions

Four key points can be constructed from our study. First, students play for pleasure. Perceptions of pleasure vary considerably among students. Second, students consider play as inefficient. Inefficiency will only be justified when it increases learning. Third, play should be balanced with the serious and only be used for difficult or tedious courses. Fourth, GBL activities should not be made compulsory for students. We provide practical implications and directions for future research.
Effects of Self-focused Augmented Reality on Health Perceptions During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Web-Based Between-Subject Experiment
Authors: Seals Ayanna , Olaosebikan Monsurat , Otiono Jennifer , Shaer Orit , Nov Oded
Published: April 2021

Background

Self-focused augmented reality (AR) technologies are growing in popularity and present an opportunity to address health communication and behavior change challenges.

Objective

We aimed to examine the impact of self-focused AR and vicarious reinforcement on psychological predictors of behavior change during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, our study included measures of fear and message minimization to assess potential adverse reactions to the design interventions.

Methods

A between-subjects web-based experiment was conducted to compare the health perceptions of participants in self-focused AR and vicarious reinforcement design conditions to those in a control condition. Participants were randomly assigned to the control group or to an intervention condition (ie, self-focused AR, reinforcement, self-focus AR × reinforcement, and avatar).

Results

A total of 335 participants were included in the analysis. We found that participants who experienced self-focused AR and vicarious reinforcement scored higher in perceived threat severity (P=.03) and susceptibility (P=.01) when compared to the control. A significant indirect effect of self-focused AR and vicarious reinforcement on intention was found with perceived threat severity as a mediator (b=.06, 95% CI 0.02-0.12, SE .02). Self-focused AR and vicarious reinforcement did not result in higher levels of fear (P=.32) or message minimization (P=.42) when compared to the control.

Conclusions

Augmenting one’s reflection with vicarious reinforcement may be an effective strategy for health communication designers. While our study’s results did not show adverse effects in regard to fear and message minimization, utilization of self-focused AR as a health communication strategy should be done with care due to the possible adverse effects of heightened levels of fear.
Teleconsultation in the Management of Elective Orthopedic and Spinal Conditions During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Prospective Cohort Study of Patient Experiences
Authors: Melian Christina , Frampton Christopher , Wyatt Michael Charles , Kieser David
Published: April 2021

Background

The global adoption of teleconsultation has been expedited as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. By allowing remote communication, teleconsultation may help limit the spread of the virus while maintaining the crucial patient-provider relationship.

Objective

The aim of this study is to evaluate the value of teleconsultation compared to in-person visits in the management of elective orthopedic and spinal procedures.

Methods

This was a prospective observational cohort study of 853 patients receiving orthopedic and spinal care at a private outpatient clinic in New Zealand. Patients were randomly divided into two groups: (1) patients receiving telephone consultation remotely, and (2) patients receiving in-person office consultations at the outpatient clinic. All patients received telephone consultations for 4 weeks during the mandated COVID-19 lockdown, followed by 4 weeks of telephone or in-person consultation. Patient preference, satisfaction, and duration of visit were recorded. Comparisons of patient preference between groups, visit type, sex, and location were performed using chi-square tests; similarly, satisfaction scores and visit durations were compared using a general linear model.

Results

We report that 91% (353/388) of patients in the telephone group preferred teleconsultation over in-person office visits during the COVID-19 lockdown (P<.001). A combined-group analysis showed that 55.3% (446/807) of all patients preferred teleconsultation compared to 31.2% (252/807) who preferred in-person office visits (P<.001). Patients in the telephone group reported significantly higher satisfaction scores (mean 9.95, SD 0.04, 95% CI 9.87-10.03) compared to patients in the in-person group (mean 9.53, SE 0.04, 95% CI 9.45-9.62; P<.001). Additionally, in-person consultations were significantly longer in duration compared to telephone consultations, with a mean visit time of 6.70 (SE 0.18) minutes, 95% CI 6.32-7.02, compared to 5.10 (SE 0.17) minutes, 95% CI 4.73-5.42 (P<.001).

Conclusions

Patients who use telephone consultations are more likely to prefer it over traditional, in-person visits in the future. This increased preference, coupled with higher patient satisfaction scores and shorter duration of visits, suggests that teleconsultation has a role in orthopedic surgery, which may even extend beyond the COVID-19 pandemic.
Forecasting Future Asthma Hospital Encounters of Patients With Asthma in an Academic Health Care System: Predictive Model Development and Secondary Analysis Study (Preprint)
Authors: Tong Yao , Messinger Amanda I , Wilcox Adam B , Mooney Sean D , Davidson Giana H , Suri Pradeep , Luo Gang
Published: April 2021

BACKGROUND

Asthma affects a large proportion of the population and leads to many hospital encounters involving both hospitalizations and emergency department visits every year. To lower the number of such encounters, many health care systems and health plans deploy predictive models to prospectively identify patients at high risk and offer them care management services for preventive care. However, the previous models do not have sufficient accuracy for serving this purpose well. Embracing the modeling strategy of examining many candidate features, we built a new machine learning model to forecast future asthma hospital encounters of patients with asthma at Intermountain Healthcare, a nonacademic health care system. This model is more accurate than the previously published models. However, it is unclear how well our modeling strategy generalizes to academic health care systems, whose patient composition differs from that of Intermountain Healthcare.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate the generalizability of our modeling strategy to the University of Washington Medicine (UWM), an academic health care system.

METHODS

All adult patients with asthma who visited UWM facilities between 2011 and 2018 served as the patient cohort. We considered 234 candidate features. Through a secondary analysis of 82,888 UWM data instances from 2011 to 2018, we built a machine learning model to forecast asthma hospital encounters of patients with asthma in the subsequent 12 months.

RESULTS

Our UWM model yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.902. When placing the cutoff point for making binary classification at the top 10% (1464/14,644) of patients with asthma with the largest forecasted risk, our UWM model yielded an accuracy of 90.6% (13,268/14,644), a sensitivity of 70.2% (153/218), and a specificity of 90.91% (13,115/14,426).

CONCLUSIONS

Our modeling strategy showed excellent generalizability to the UWM, leading to a model with an AUC that is higher than all of the AUCs previously reported in the literature for forecasting asthma hospital encounters. After further optimization, our model could be used to facilitate the efficient and effective allocation of asthma care management resources to improve outcomes.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/resprot.5039
Amplitude versus offset (AVO) modelling and analysis for quantitative interpretation of porosity and saturation: A case study for Sawan gas field, middle Indus basin, Pakistan
Authors: Rizwan Muhammad
Published: April 2021

Porosity and water saturation are among the important reservoir parameters in terms of reservoir monitoring which in turn are necessary for placement of future production wells. Amplitude versus offset (AVO) modelling and analysis technique have been utilized for quantitative interpretation of porosity and water saturation. For AVO modeling, Gassmann fluid substitution model in connection with 2D seismic angle gathers were used for reservoir monitoring over Sawan-4 and Sawan-7 wells. AVO modellingresults showed significant increase of density log by substituting gas by water, moderate increase of P-wave velocity and no change in S-wave velocity. Moreover, AVO modelling proved a strong relationship between porosity and reflection amplitude for all offset ranges. The class IV anomaly was evident for all porosities down to 5%. From fluid substitution modelling it is evidentthat changes in water saturation do not change the AVO effect significantly which further substantiate by investigation of pre-stack time migration (PSTM) gathers verifying the modelling results. The amplitude relationship between Sawan-4 and Sawan-7 is close to the modelled result. The amplitude and the AVO behaviour indicate lower porosity or significantly reduced sand thickness in the vicinity of Sawan-4 and Sawan-7 wells.
Assessing groundwater vulnerability by pollution mapping in Iran: Case study Hamadan – Bahar plain
Authors: Oroji Balal
Published: April 2021

El agua subterránea es vulnerable a la contaminación debido a actividades humanas. Un aspecto fundamental de su manejo es la localización de la vulnerabilidad. El acuífero de Hamadan-Bahar se encuentra en la parte central de la provincia de Hamadan al oeste de Irán, y es una reserva económica prioritaria ya que se utiliza tanto en irrigación como para consumo doméstico. A partir de 2005 se han desarrollado en Irán modelos numéricos para evaluar la vulnerabilidad y varios indicadores hidrológicos de contaminación potencial del agua. La aplicación de métodos como DRASTIC, SINTACS, SI y GOD ha mostrado que las zonas de mayor vulnerabilidad se encuentran al sur y al oeste del acuífero de Hamadan-Bahar. Los resultados indican que con los modelos DRASTIC, SI, GOD y SINTACS, el 7.1, 44.21, 29.56 y 20.16 por ciento de las áreas tienen un alto potencial de vulnerabilidad. Considerando el modelo DRASTIC el 33.6 % del área de estudio presenta una vulnerabilidad baja a la contaminación, mientras que el 29.4% presenta vulnerabilidad moderada. La precisión de los modelos se evaluó aplicando una regresión lineal entre los valores observados de nitratos y la vulnerabilidad estimada por contaminación en los pozos medidos. Una correlación significativa se observó entre los nitratos medidos y el potencial de contaminación evaluada con el modelo DRASTIC p<0.05, sin embargo con los modelos GOD, SINTACS e IS no se observó una correlación significativa. Los resultados mostraron que el modelo DRASTIC fue el mejor para estimar la vulnerabilidad del agua subterránea a la contaminación en los pozos medidos.
Geoelectrical Combined Sounding-Profiling Configuration for Characterizing the Sedimentary Phosphatic Environment in Al-Sharquieh Deposits Mine in Syria
Authors: Asfahani Jamal
Published: April 2021

En este trabajo se propone y adapta la configuración geoeléctrica combinada sondeo perfil para caracterizar el entorno fosfato sedimentario en la mina Al-Sharquieh, Siria. El electrodo C en el arreglo propuesto de tres electrodos no está fijo en el infinito, sino que se modificó brevemente y es móvil, donde OA=OB=OC=AB/2. La transformación del gradiente también se modificó para tomar en cuenta la pequeña modificación geométrica del arreglo de los tres electrodos. El trabajo muestra varias formas útiles para representar los datos de resistividad obtenidos con esta adaptación. Las medidas convencionales de resistividad pAB aparentemente tradicionales, tienen baja resolución, contrariamente a la transformación del gradiente que muestra, en todos los ejemplos analizados, alta resolución en todas direcciones. La transformación del gradiente es muy sensible a los márgenes verticales de las variaciones litológicas, de las zonas fracturadas y de falla, y por lo tanto puede utilizarse como una herramienta cualitativamente útil para interpretar los datos tradicionales de Sondeo Vertical Eléctrico (VES). Se puede obtener un máximo de información geoeléctrica cuando pAB, la transformación del gradiente y pAC/ pBC se interpretan conjuntamente, tal como se presenta en este trabajo. Las variaciones litológicas del entorno de fosfato sedimentario en la mina de Al-Sharquieh se caracterizan utilizando el método propuesto de tres electrodos. Su eficacia puede probarse en varias aplicaciones en exploración minera y estructural.
Evaluation of the leakage origin in Abu Baara earthen dam using electrical resistivity tomography, northwestern Syria
Authors: Al-Fares W. , Asfahani J.
Published: April 2021

Se propone un enfoque geofísico integrado para identificar las posibles zonas de fuga dentro de la roca madre de la subestructura cercana al cuerpo de la presa. Este enfoque incluye investigación geofísica basadas en la tomografía de resistividad eléctrica (ERT, por sus siglas en inglés) y datos tradicionales de sondeo VES. La obtención de datos se llevó a cabo en la presa de tierra Abu Baara, ubicada en los márgenes del sur de la llanura de Al-Ghab al noroeste de Siria; el embalse corriente abajo, y la cresta de la presa. Los resultados adquiridos se interpretaron mediante el uso de diferentes técnicas, en particular la de Pichgin y Habibullaev. En los alrededores de la presa se distinguieron tres bloques principales que distinguió las rocas subestructurales. Los depósitos aluviales se superponen a una roca de piedra caliza y un lecho rocoso con dolomita con valores de resistencia que oscilan entre 300 y 1200 m. Se identificaron varias características anómalas estructurales dentro del lecho rocoso de carbonato duro. Estas características están relacionadas de forma mínima con elementos tectónicos como fallas, fracturas o cavidades kársticas. El segundo bloque central parece estar relacionado con una estructura con fallas o hundimientos que coinciden con el valle principal. Este valle se encuentra completamente lleno de depósitos aluviales de más de 50 m de espesor. Por lo tanto, son consideradas las principales causas de los procesos de fuga de la presa. El enfoque geofísico integrado presentado y propuesto en este documento podría aplicarse fácilmente en otras represas similares que sufren problemas de fugas. Palabras clave: estudio ERT, técnica de Pichgin y Habibullaev, filtración, Abu Baara Earthdam, Siria.
Caracterización de asperezas de sismos recientes en la zona de subducción de Michoacán-Colima-Jalisco, México
Authors: Martínez López M.R. , Mendoza C.
Published: April 2021

Se determinaron de manera sistemática los modelos de deslizamiento de los sismos de magnitud Mw mayor a 7 ocurridos desde el año 1980 en la zona de subducción de Michoacán-Colima-Jalisco utilizando ondas P y SH registradas a distancias telesísmicas y una parametrización que permite una amplia flexibilidad en la duración de la dislocación sobre el plano de falla. Para los distintos eventos las áreas de valores altos de deslizamiento no se empalman y forman un patrón entrelazado de asperezas adyacentes con espacios entre ellas que podrían identificar zonas de mayor deslizamiento en sismos futuros. El análisis sistemático de los sismos permitió investigar las incertidumbres de las asperezas. Estas incertidumbres se determinaron utilizando un simple procedimiento de muestreo donde se realizaron 300 inversiones independientes para cada evento tomando en cuenta posibles errores en la geometría de la falla, la profundidad del hipocentro y la velocidad de ruptura. Las dimensiones de las asperezas parecen mantenerse dentro de un mismo rango, lo que implicaría la existencia de asperezas relativamente homogéneas en esta porción del contacto interplaca. Las duraciones de dislocación de las asperezas estan bien restringidas y se escalan con el tamaño del evento. Para eventos Mw ~7.5 las duraciones son de ~5s y para sismos de Mw 8.0 los valores son de ~12s. Las caídas de esfuerzo calculadas para las asperezas son menores a 2.0 MPa, consistente con valores estimados para sismos de subducción en general. Los resultados indican que el muestreo de los parámetros de entrada ofrece una alternativa para evaluar las propiedades e incertidumbres de las asperezas en zonas de subducción. Además los resultados tienen implicaciones importantes para la evaluación del potencial sísmico y para el desarrollo de leyes de escalamiento.
Crecimiento económico y distribución del ingreso en Perú
Authors: Varona-Castillo Luis , Gonzales-Castillo Jorge Ricardo
Published: April 2021

En el presente artículo se analizan los determinantes causales de la distribución del ingreso en Perú (DIP) durante el periodo 1985-2017. Se cuenta con evidencia empírica que apoya la hipótesis sobre que el nivel del PIB per cápita y el crecimiento económico ralentizado y no sostenido de la economía ha empeorado la DIP, reflejada en una relación de causalidad en forma de W, no cumpliéndose la hipótesis de U-invertida de Kuznets, que refleja una economía dual con diferencias de productividad, bajos niveles de capital humano y debilidad institucional. Se recomienda equilibrar la relación mercado-estado-sociedad con políticas de economía de libre mercado y no rentistas, políticas de inversión en capital humano, innovación y tecnología, fortalecimiento del capital social –en la dirección del crecimiento económico endógeno– del desarrollo humano inclusivo y sostenible.
Educación financiera y su efecto en el ingreso en México
Authors: Mungaray Alejandro , Gonzalez Arzabal Nidia , Osorio Novela Germán
Published: April 2021

La educación financiera es un factor importante para incrementar los niveles de bienestar en países con alto grado de desigualdad, pues permite a los ciudadanos mejorar su participación en las actividades económicas a través de decisiones financieras. En el presente trabajo se construye un índice de educación financiera para México. El modelo econométrico demuestra que el aumento en el índice de educación financiera es relevante para aumentar el ingreso mensual promedio de los mexicanos. Los resultados sugieren que el rezago en educación financiera de la población mexicana radica en la escaza inclusión social debido a la desigualdad y los altos niveles de endeudamiento, ya que esto limita que los esfuerzos públicos o privados realizados tengan éxito.
Comparison of Household Income In In-Hospital Outcomes After Implantation of Left Ventricular Assist Device
Authors: Ebner Bertrand , Karetnick Morgan , Grant Jelani , Vincent Louis , Maning Jennifer , Olarte Neal , Olorunfemi Odunayo , Colombo Rosario , Chaparro Sandra
Published: April 2021

Introduction: Due to the inability to keep up with the demand for heart
transplantation, there is an increased utilization of left ventricular
assist devices (LVAD). However, paucity of data exists regarding the
association of household income with in-hospital outcomes after LVAD
implantation. Methods: Retrospective cohort study using the NIS to
identify all patients ≥18 years who underwent LVAD implantation from
2011-2017. Statistical analysis was performed comparing low household
income (≤50th percentile) and high income (>50th
percentile). Results: A total of 25,503 patients underwent LVAD
implantation. The low-income group represented 53% and the high-income
group corresponded to 47% of the entire cohort. The low-income group
was found to be younger (mean age 55 ±14 vs. 58 ±14 years), higher
proportion of females (24% vs. 22%), and higher proportion of blacks
(32% vs. 16%, p<0.001 for all). The low-income group was
found to have higher prevalence of hypertension, chronic pulmonary
disease, smoking, dyslipidemia, obesity and pulmonary hypertension
(p<0.001 for all). However, the high-income cohort had higher
rate of atrial tachyarrhythmias and end-stage renal disease
(p<0.001). During hospitalization, patients in the high-income
group had increased rates of ischemic stroke, acute kidney injury, acute
coronary syndrome, bleeding and need of extracorporeal membrane
oxygenation (p<0.001 for all). We found that the unadjusted
mortality had an OR 1.30 (CI [1.21-1.41], p<0.001) and
adjusted mortality of OR 1.14 (CI [1.05-1.23], p=0.002). Conclusion:
In patients undergoing LVAD implantation nationwide, low-income was
associated with increased comorbidity burden, younger age, and fewer
in-hospital complications and all-cause mortality.
Ensino Médio com Intermediação Tecnológica (EMITec): análise da proposta curricular
Authors: Carneiro Eudite Fernandes , Eugenio Benedito Gonçalves
Published: April 2021

Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa que investigou a política curricular para o Ensino Médio no Estado da Bahia. O foco do texto são os indícios do processo de recontextualização discursiva, presentes na política curricular da proposta do Ensino Médio com Intermediação Tecnológica (EMITec). Apresentamos um panorama geral do programa, destacando a organização curricular e evidenciamos algumas discussões sobre as influências presentes na produção do discurso do EMITec. Para isso, transitamos por alguns conceitos fundamentais da teoria do dispositivo pedagógico de Basil Bernstein (1996; 1998), especialmente sua produção sobre a recontextualização pedagógica dos discursos. Com base nos apontamentos realizados, podemos inferir que os princípios recontextualizadores imprimidos ao EMITec produzem novos e diferentes discursos.
A gestão democrática escolar no contexto da Nova Gestão Pública (NGP): um enfoque no PNE (2014-2024)
Authors: Pena Neide , Castilho Ana Elisa Cunha Anderi , Borges Patrícia Adriane Soares
Published: April 2021

Este artigo discute a implementação da gestão democrática como princípio orientador a ser observado nas políticas públicas para a Educação Básica nas instituições de ensino públicas, no contexto de um novo modelo de gestão denominado “Nova Gestão Pública” (NGP) e “gerencialismo”. O objetivo do trabalho foi confrontar os atos normativos que regulamentam a gestão democrática com os princípios que caracterizam a NGP. Metodologicamente, através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, estudos em torno da NGP, atos normativos que regulamentam a gestão democrática no Brasil e dados de monitoramento das metas do “Plano Nacional de Educação” PNE (2014-2024) foram articulados. A análise colocou em evidência dificuldades para a efetivação da gestão democrática no contexto da NGP e propõe que as mudanças desse novo modelo de gestão não podem ser empecilhos para novas conquistas da educação. Entretanto, no que se refere à efetivação da gestão democrática na realidade concreta das escolas, é possível dizer que há um longo caminho a percorrer.
Proposições preliminares para organização do ensino na pré-escola
Authors: Barbosa Eliza Maria , Silva Janaina Cassiano
Published: April 2021

Neste trabalho apresentamos os resultados de uma pesquisa cujo objetivo era revelar os conteúdos ensinados às crianças pré-escolares da rede pública de um município no interior do estado de São Paulo. Participaram do estudo onze instituições, sendo trinta e seis turmas de crianças de quatro anos e trinta e duas turmas de crianças com cinco anos. Foram observadas setenta e duas atividades desenvolvidas pelas professoras de quarta etapa e sessenta e quatro por professoras de quinta. O pressuposto teórico-metodológico está pautado no materialismo histórico-dialético. Este pressuposto compõe uma parte das sínteses teóricas da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural e da Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica, também tomadas nessa pesquisa como fundamentos. Os resultados indicam que os conteúdos ensinados às crianças se concentram em conceitos das diversas áreas do conhecimento, sem que se observe concomitantemente o ensino de conteúdos cujo objetivo é promover o desenvolvimento de novos hábitos, acuidades motoras, perceptivas, mnemônicas, entre outras.
Evaluation of hand injury management at the emergency department - are we getting better?
Authors: Nikolic Jelena , Marinkovic Marija , Lekovic Dragana , Djozic Isidora
Published: April 2021

Background/Aim. Hand injuries are one of the most common injuries seen in emergency departments. Inadequate treatment can lead to prolonged healing, complications, significant morbidity, and serious disability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiology, risk factors, and treatment of hand injuries in one tertiary care level clinical center. Methods. This study was designed as a descriptive retrospective epidemiological study that involved all patients with hand injuries treated at the University Clinical Center of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia for seven years. The authors collected sociodemographic and clinical data such as age, gender, mechanism of injury, type of injury, days of hospitalization, type of defect reconstruction, the time of in-jury, the timing of surgery, and reasons for operative treatment delay. For every hospitalized patient the Modified Hand Injury Severity Score (MHISS) was calculated. All data were analyzed using SPSS IBM 21.0 software. Results. From 2012 to 2018, 34,796 patients were treated for hand injury at the University Clinical Center of Vojvodina, with 554 (1.6%) hospitalized patients. The mean age of patients was 43.2 years; the majority of them (87.55%) were men, and most (47.2%) were injured at home. Most injuries occurred during knife handling. The average length of stay for hospitalized patients was 4 days. MHISS score for most patients was over 50 and was classified a s severe. It was noticed that the waiting time for operation became shorter throughout the selected years. Conclusion. Hand injuries present a complex problem that can sometimes be underestimated by patients. The requirement of highly specialized hand surgeons, sometimes special equipment (e.g., microscope), multiple operations, prolonged rehabilitation, possible invalidity, and high cost of treatment calls for careful evaluation of the problem and the development of proper strategies in order to be able to lower the costs and obtain better medical care for all people with higher injury risk.
Anti-PD-1 therapy activates tumoricidic properties of NKT cells and contributes to the overall deceleration of tumor progression in a model of murine mammary carcinoma
Authors: Jovanovic Marina , Gajovic Nevena , Jurisevic Milena , Sekulic Sofija , Arsenijevic Nebojsa , Jocic Miodrag , Jovanovic Milan , Lukic Ruzica , Jovanovic Ivan , Radovanovic Dragce
Published: April 2021

Background/Aim. Immune checkpoint therapy is a well-established therapeutic approach in the treatment of malignant diseases and is thought to be mostly based on facilitating the adaptive immune response. However, the cells of the innate immune response, such as natural killer T (NKT) cells, might also be important for a successful anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (anti-PD-1) therapy, as they initiate the antitumor immune response. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of anti-PD-1 therapy on the immune response against tumors. Methods. For tumor induction, 4T1 cells synergic to BALB/c back-ground were used, after which mice underwent anti-PD-1 treatment. After the mice were sacrificed, NKT cells, dendritic cells (DCs), and macrophages derived from spleen and primary tumor tissue were analyzed using flow cytometry. Results. Anti-PD-1 therapy enhanced the expression of activating molecules CD69, NKp46, and NKG2D in NKT cells of the tumor and spleen. This therapy activated NKT cells directly and indirectly via DCs. Activated NKT cells acquired tumoricidic properties directly, by secreting perforin, and indirectly by stimulating M1 macrophages polarization. Conclusion. Anti-PD-1 therapy activates changes in DCs and macrophages of primary tumor tissue towards protumoricidic activity. Since anti-PD-1 therapy induces significant changes in NKT cells, DCs, and macrophages, the efficacy of the overall antitumor response is increased and has significantly decelerated tumor growth.
LINGUISTIC AND DIDACTIC ASPECTS OF DETERMINING AND DEVELOPING COMPETENCIES OF A SPECIALIST NECESSARY IN THE FIELD OF BUSINESS COMMUNICATION IN TRAINING FUTURE TRANSLATORS
Authors: TSUPIKOVA ELENA V.
Published: April 2021

The article discusses the definition and substantiation of competencies of a specialist in the field of business communication. The purpose of the article is to examine the interaction of communicants in business communication and to determine a complex of competencies necessary for successful business interaction, developed by future translators in the learning process. Some results of experimental work aimed at developing these skills through the organization of study process are given.
Pengaruh Kepemimpinan Visioner Kepala Madrasah terhadap Kedisiplinan Guru di MAN 2 Samarinda
Authors: Marantika Marantika , Dahlan Dwi Nur Aini
Published: April 2021

Visionary leadership is a capability to make changes by having new visions and ideas, thinking ahead, carrying out stages of mutual interconnection that can influence and motivate teachers and their students. This research aims to find out the effect of leadership of Madrasah Principal Visionary to Teacher Discipline. The type of this research is quantitative research. The population in this study were all 60 teachers in MAN 2 Samarinda. The data of this research is obtained from questionnaire, observation and documentation. The data analysis technique uses product moment correlation formula, determinant coefficient (R²) and t test. The results of this study shows the results of the t-test value of 3.5090> t table 2.00172, which means that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. The meaning is there is a correlation between variable X and Y, product correlation 0.416. That means there is a strong correlation between visionary leadership variable and teacher discipline variable. Percentage of visionary leadership for teacher  discipline is 17.30% (strong enough), the factors that cause these results include: giving the best performance without analyzing / following new era, inability to change teachers knowledge into strategy, and treating teachers differently causing conflicting duties. The supporting and inhibiting factors in managing teacher discipline include: teacher personalitty, the headmaster teachers supervision.
Analysis of osseous tissue temperature during preparation of recipient bed for cylindrical implants
Authors: Ivashchenko AV , Yablokov AE , Tlustenko VS , Postnikov MA , Popov NV , Tlustenko VP , Tugushev VV , Cherezova NI , Mukhina AA , Belanov GN
Published: April 2021

In the early 21st century, robot-assisted dental implant surgery became a popular alternative to classic implant placement protocols. Postoperative complications are often provoked by poor compliance with surgical guidelines for implant placement, resulting in the overheating of the osteotomy site. The aim of this study was to measure the temperature of osseous tissue at the dental implant site during classic and robot-assisted dental implant placement performed at different cooling modes. Avital skeletonized mandibles of Vietnamese pot-bellied pigs were used as an experimental model. The recipient bed was prepared following the classic surgical protocol. Three cooling modes were tested: no irrigation, irrigation with sterile saline at 25–30 ml/min and standard 75 ml/min irrigation recommended by the standard surgical protocol. The temperature of the isotonic solution was 25 °С. The study showed that both classic and robot-assisted dental implant placement techniques are safe if there is sufficient irrigation and good compliance with the surgical protocol.
Respecting patient autonomy: voluntary informed consent in modern medicine
Authors: Grebenshchikova EG , Chuchalin AG
Published: April 2021

The article reveals the most influential in modern bioethics approach to understanding voluntary informed consent as a way to implement the principle of respect for patient autonomy, which is determined by both legal regulation and socio-cultural factors. The authors discuss the main elements of informed consent, its specificity in clinical trials, and criteria for autonomous choice.
OUTSOURCING SUPPLY CHAIN: SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW ON INNOVATION DRIVER FACTORS TOWARDS COLLABORATIVE NETWORK
Authors: Hamidin Dini , Rofaida Rofi
Published: April 2021

Innovation and collaboration are essential to every organization in order to compete with its competitors. Outsourcing is done to distribute part of the responsibility of the parent organization so that it can be focused on its core business. The purpose of this literature review study is to determine innovation in collaborative networks related to the outsourcing supply chain. The SLR methodology was used in this study, while the database was taken from 6 sources, i.e., Emerald, Sage Journal, SpringerLink, IEEE, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online Library, and obtained 50 appropriate articles relevant to the topic. The literature review resulted that there are six trend innovations as collaboration network drivers. The future trends of innovation will be the dominance of research leading on three innovation trends, namely collaborative innovation, Innovation ecosystem, and open innovation in line with the development of technology and information disclosure.
Pertumbuhan, hasil, dan fenologi ratun hanjeli varietas Batu pada kondisi kekeringan
Authors: Putri Yuliar Syelvia , Nurmala Tati , Irwan Aep Wawan
Published: April 2021

Abstrak. Tanaman hanjeli (Coix lacryma-jobi) merupakan salah satu tanaman pangan lokal fungsional yang berpotensi sebagai bahan pangan, pengobatan medis, dan kerajinan. Permasalahan pada komoditas hanjeli adalah umur panen yang lama dan produktivitas rendah saat penanaman hanjeli ratun di musim kemarau. Perlakuan ratun diharapkan mampu mempersingkat pertumbuhan vegetatif hanjeli sehingga didapatkan umur panen yang genjah dan memberikan informasi mengenai frekuensi penyiraman yang tepat untuk meningkatkan produktivitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pertumbuhan, hasil, dan fenologi hanjeli ratun var. stenocarpa. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Ciparanje, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran, dari Februari hingga September 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif augmented. Tanaman hanjeli ditanam di  kadar air tanah 60% (frekuensi penyiraman setiap hari) dan  kadar air tanah 30% (frekuensi penyiraman empat hari sekali). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan pada komponen pertumbuhan, hasil, dan fenologi tanaman hanjeli ratun terhadap frekuensi penyiraman berbeda. Waktu panen pada tanaman ratun lebih cepat dibandingkan tanaman utama.Kata Kunci: Fenologi, Frekuensi penyiraman, Hanjeli batu, Ratun.   Abstract. Job’s tears (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) is  local functional food that can be used for food, medical treatment and crafts. The problems are long harvest period and low productivity when cultivate Job Tear’s raton in dry season. The treatment of ratoon is expected to be able to suppress vegetative growth of the job's tears and  give information about appropriate of watering frequency to increase productivity. This research aims to study phenologycal, growth, and yield of job’s tears ratoon. The study was conducted in February 2019–September 2019 at Ciparanje Experimental Station, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor. This research was used descriptive method. Job’s Tears plants were cultivated in 60% of soil water content (daily watering frequency) and 30% soil water content (watering frequency every four days). The result showed there are differences of growth, yield, and phenologycal of the Job Tear’s plant to different watering frequency. Time of harvest Job Tear’s plant ratoon is faster than the main crop.Keywords: Job’s tears var Stenocarpa, Phenology, Ratoon, Watering frequency.
Pengaruh macam media tanam dan konsentrasi zat pengatur tumbuh terhadap pertumbuhan stek dua nodus melati
Authors: Safitri Rina , Rahayu Tri , Widiastuti Libria
Published: April 2021

Abstrak. Hormon auksin, giberelin, sitokinin, dan asam traumalin, serta media tanam yang tepat diketahui dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tunas dan akar pada stek. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi zat pengatur tumbuh dan macam media tanam terhadap pertumbuhan stek melati (Jasminum sambac L.) dengan dua nodus. Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola faktorial. Perlakuan terdiri dari dua faktor dan tiga kali ulangan. Faktor yang pertama yaitu konsentrasi dari campuran zat pengatur tumbuh, terdiri dari taraf 0; 0,15; dan 0,30 mL/L. Faktor kedua yaitu campuran media tanam dengan perbandingan sama, terdiri dari taraf tanah dan pupuk kandang; tanah dan cocopeat; serta tanah, pupuk kandang, dan cocopeat. Analisis data menggunakan uji Jarak Berganda Duncan pada taraf nyata 5%. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat pengaruh interaksi antara konsentrasi zat pengatur tumbuh dengan macam media tanam terhadap pertumbuhan stek dua nodus melati. Pengaruh konsentrasi zat pengatur tumbuh 0,30 mL/L secara mandiri memberikan pertumbuhan paling baik pada kecepatan tumbuh dan tinggi tunas stek. Pengaruh media tanam tanah dan pupuk kandang secara mandiri memberikan pertumbuhan paling baik pada kecepatan tumbuh dan tinggi tunas.Kata Kunci: Dua nodus, Media tanam, Melati, Stek, Zat pengatur tumbuh. Abstract. The plant hormones such as auxin, gibberellin, cytokinins, and traumalic acid, as well as appropriate growing media, are known to increase shoot and root growth on cuttings. This study aims to determine the effect of the concentration of plant growth regulators and the growing media on the growth of two nodes jasmine (Jasminum sambac L.) cuttings. The experiment used a factorial completely randomized design. The treatment consisted of two factors and three replications. The first factor was the concentration of a mixture of plant growth regulators, consisted of levels: 0; 0.15; and 0.30 mL/L. The second factor was mixture of growing media with the same ratio, consisted of levels: soil and manure; soil and cocopeat; and soil, manure, and cocopeat. Data analysis used the Duncan Multiple Range test at the 5% significant level. The results showed that there was no interaction effect between the concentration of growth regulators and the growing media on the growth of two nodes of jasmine cuttings. The single effect of concentration of plant growth regulator 0.30 mL/L gave the best growth at the growth rate and shoot height. The single effect of soil and manure gave the best growth at growth rate and shoot height.Keywords: Two Nodes, Growth regulators, Growing media, Cuttings, Jasmine
La modernidad en llamas: Nietzsche y Heidegger
Authors: Constante Alberto
Published: April 2021

La controversia de Heidegger con Nietzsche tiene una meta próxima y una lejana: la meta próxima es exponer que en el pensamiento de Nietzsche habita una metafísica y que ésta es la que marca nuestra época; la meta lejana consiste para Heidegger en hacer patente que la metafísica se expresa en nuestra época mediante el dominio tecnológico de la tierra y que quizá sea posible otro inicio que no sea el de la metafísica. Pero lo importante es escuchar a Nietzsche, preguntar con él, por él, y eso quiere decir preguntar al mismo tiempo contra él, pero en favor de la filosofía occidental.
Nietzsche y el método crítico-genealógico
Authors: Carrión Arias Rafael
Published: April 2021

Una de las principales y fundamentales aportaciones de Nietzsche a la Historia de la Filosofía es su método. Éste toma forma desde su actividad filológica, y aunque con el desarrollo de su pensamiento va cambiando su objeto, en lo esencial permanece como una de las formas de análisis crítico más originales de la modernidad. Este trabajo busca exponer las líneas maestras de este método, tal y como luego acabará siendo aplicado en el Nietzsche de madurez para la crítica desmistificadora de la metafísica y la moral.
Sobre «cómo vivir». El «espíritu libre» interpelado por Sócrates
Authors: Hanza Kathia
Published: April 2021

El artículo aborda la manera en que la clásica pregunta socrática sobre «cómo vivir» es asumida por Nietzsche en la obra intermedia. Se trata de mostrar cómo la renuncia a la moral no contradice la aspiración de dar forma a la vida de manera racional. Para ello, se consideran las implicancias de la pérdida moderna de toda obligatoriedad normativa y se estudia el vínculo entre el «espíritu libre», desasido de certezas, y el «gusto», entendido como instrumento para desprenderse de abstractas pretensiones morales.
El pensamiento de Nietzsche en la construcción de la estética del futurismo y de la pintura metafísica
Authors: Sáenz María Olga
Published: April 2021

En el siglo XIX , Francia desplazó a Italia de su secular trayectoria como centro generador de las artes. Frente a este hecho, tanto Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, creador del Futurismo italiano, como Giorgio de Chirico, de la Pintura Metafísica, aportaron su particular poética al arte moderno europeo. Ambos recibieron una influencia decisiva del pensamiento filosófico de Friedrich Nietzsche: Marinetti conceptualizó la creación artística bajo la premisa «arte=vida» intentando trascender la crisis del mundo de Occidente. De Chirico construyó su obra pictórica trastocando su significado original, con el fin de discernir su segunda apariencia, dentro de un ámbito espectral, metafísico, para representar con metáforas plásticas «el eterno retorno».
Verdad, incorporación y probidad (Redlichkeit) en Nietzsche
Authors: Lemm Vanessa
Published: April 2021

En este artículo pretendo mostrar que para Nietzsche el concepto de verdad que potencia la vida es la verdad entendida como Redlichkeit (probidad). Adicionalmente, sostengo que la Redlichkeit posibilita una concepción de la vida filosófica inherentemente política, la cual, sin embargo, se encuentra en tensión con la concepción tradicional de la verdad ubicada en la base de las formas de vida sociales y políticas. El presente ensayo está dividido en cuatro secciones: en la primera, presento la relación entre verdad e incorporación en Nietzsche. Luego, en la segunda sección, paso a distinguir entre la verdad filosófica y la verdad política o convencional con el fin de mostrar, en la tercera sección, que estas dos concepciones de la verdad reflejan dos tipos de incorporación, los cuales representan dos concepciones diferentes de la vida política en sociedad con otros. Mientras que la verdad política o convencional sienta las bases para una forma de vida social o política fundada en una dominación igualadora del otro, la verdad filosófica produce una forma de vida social y política caracterizada por la apertura hacia el otro. Esta apertura asume la forma de una amistad agonística que favorece la búsqueda (proba) de la verdad (filosófica). Defiendo que una forma de vida social y política basada en la verdad filosófica potencia el crecimiento cultural y espiritual de la misma. En la sección final de este ensayo, propongo que esta idea de la verdad filosófica incorporada y potenciadora de la vida se encuentra ejemplificada en la concepción de Nietzsche de la verdad como Redlichkeit.
Esa enfermedad en la piel de la tierra que es el «hombre»
Authors: Cragnolini Mónica
Published: April 2021

Así habló Zaratustra puede ser leído como un texto ontológico en el que se presentan diversos «modos de ser». El modo de «ser humano», en la figura del «último hombre» supone una transformación continua de la vida animal en beneficio de la «humanización». La cultura, como «espiritualización», implica dominar la vida animal, usufructuarla, negarla. Ese «otro modo de ser» que es el Übermensch supone otro vínculo con lo viviente, un vínculo no sacrificial que analizaremos en este artículo.