bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Blend wheat AL-type hybrid and using SSRs to determine the purity of hybrid seeds
Authors: Nie Yingbin , Kong Dezhen , Cui Fenjuan , Sang Wei , Mu Peiyuan , Xu Hongjun , Tian Xiaoming
Published: December 2021

Heterosis is a promising approach to increase wheat yield from a limited planting area. In this study, a fine quality restorer line 99AR144-1 and three stable male sterile lines, AL18A, AL36A and AL20A, were assigned as male and female, respectively. Seeds of the wheat line 99AR144-1
and three male sterile lines were mixed according to different proportions and then planted at an experimental farm at the Xinjiang Academy of Agri- Reclamation Sciences from 2013 to 2016. When the mixed sowing ratios of combinations 2 (AL36A × 99AR144- 1) and 3 (AL20A × 99AR144-1)
were 6 to 8%, the seed production yields were higher than the control; the yield of hybrid seed production increased by 98.8 and 19.9%, respectively. This increase was attributed to a rise in the outcrossing seed setting rate. Further, this study used the Xbarc-8 SSR (simple sequence
repeat) molecular marker to identify the purity of blend hybrid seeds and establish a regression equation for hybrid seed purity testing. The coefficient of the regression equation were 0.9878 and 0.9689 respectively, which shows that the purity of hybrids can be accurately predicted by using
this equation. This method can quickly and accurately identify the seed purity in mixed seed production.
Reduced pituitary size in subjects with mutations in the THRB gene and thyroid hormone resistance
Authors: Heldmann Marcus , Chatterjee Krishna , Moran Carla , Rogge Berenike , Steinhardt Julia , Wagner-Altendorf Tobias , Göttlich Martin , Schacht Hannes , Schramm Peter , Brabant Georg , Münte Thomas F , Cirkel Anna
Published: December 2021

Background

Thyroid hormone action is mediated by two forms of thyroid hormone receptors (α, β) with differential tissue distribution. Thyroid hormone receptor β (TRβ) mutations lead to resistance to thyroid hormone action in tissues predominantly expressing the β form of the receptor (pituitary, liver). This study seeks to identify the effects of mutant TRβ on pituitary size.

Methods

High-resolution 3D T1-weighted magnetic resonance images were acquired in 19 patients with RTHβ in comparison to 19 healthy matched controls. Volumetric measurements of the pituitary gland were performed independently and blinded by four different raters (two neuroradiologists, one neurologist, one neuroscientist).

Results

Patients with mutant TRβ (resistance to thyroid hormone β, RTHβ) showed elevated free tri-iodothyronine/thyroxine levels with normal thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, whereas healthy controls showed normal thyroid hormone levels. Imaging revealed smaller pituitary size in RTHβ patients in comparison to healthy controls (F(1,35) = 7.05, P  = 0.012, partial η2 = 0.17).

Conclusion

RTHβ subjects have impaired sensitivity to thyroid hormones, along with decreased size of the pituitary gland.
TREM1 fosters an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Zhao Yang , Zhang Cangang , Zhu Yanan , Ding Xi , Zhou Yikun , Lv Hongjun , Lin Yuxuan , Wu Yuan , Shi Bingyin , Fu Jiao
Published: December 2021

The immunosuppressive microenvironment is associated with poor prognosis in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC); however, the molecular mechanisms involved are unknown. Among the triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cell (TREM) family, we found that TREM1 expression in PTC was significantly higher than that in normal tissues. TREM1 overexpression was associated with BRAFV600E
profiles and advanced tumor stages. Furthermore, TREM1 mRNA expression was negatively correlated with promoter methylation status. Specifically, hypomethylation of CpG site cg06196379 in the TREM1 promoter was related with poor patient disease-free survival (DFS) and a high PTC recurrence rate. Mechanistically, TREM1 was mainly expressed in malignant epithelial cells but not in macrophages in PTC by single-cell analysis. PTC tissues with high TREM1 levels had enhanced infiltration of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and decreased infiltration of CD8+ T cells. Our study confirms that hypomethylation-mediated overexpression of TREM1 in PTC cells promotes an immunosuppressive microenvironment by enhancing Treg infiltration. We recommend the future use of therapeutic strategy targeting TREM1 for the treatment of PTC.
El aprendizaje basado en retos frente a la enseñanza tradicional de las instalaciones en Arquitectura
Authors: Gallego Sánchez-Torija Jorge , García Herrero Jesús , Bedoya Frutos César
Published: December 2021

Las instalaciones son un ámbito de conocimiento al que normalmente se presta poca atención dentro de la arquitectura. Su desconocimiento por parte de muchos profesionales hace que se obvie la necesidad de resolver el metabolismo del edificio durante su proceso de diseño. En esta situación, ante el problema de cómo enseñar instalaciones a los alumnos de arquitectura, el presente artículo pretende indagar si el aprendizaje que se obtiene utilizando la metodología del aprendizaje basado en retos resulta más profundo y significativo que el aprendizaje que se obtiene a través de la enseñanza tradicional. Para ello, se realiza una encuesta a los alumnos que han cursado la asignatura de 5º curso en la Escuela Técnica Superior de Arquitectura de Madrid “Proyecto de instalaciones”  que se desarrolla mediante la metodología del aprendizaje basado en retos. Se entiende que dichos alumnos también han cursado la asignatura de 4º “Instalaciones y servicios técnicos” que se desarrolla mediante la metodología de enseñanza tradicional. Los alumnos claramente valoran mejor la asignatura de 5º que la de 4º. La mejora que más se repite por parte de los alumnos es la propuesta de plantear la asignatura de 4º curso, con un enfoque más tradicional, como la asignatura de 5º curso, que aplica la metodología de aprendizaje basado en retos. Incluso llegan a manifestar que tras 8 meses, el tiempo que transcurre entre que termina la primera asignatura y comienza la segunda, ya no recuerdan lo aprendido: “En mi opinión no debería darse tan por supuesto que sabemos o nos acordamos de la asignatura de 4º en la asignatura de 5º", dice un alumno en la encuesta.
A innovación na formación profesional en Galicia: proxectos relevantes e iniciativas con potencial didáctico e de transferencia
Authors: Barreira Cerqueiras Eva María , Rego Agraso Laura , Mariño Fernández Raquel
Published: December 2021

Hoxe en día falar de proxectos de innovación educativa non é algo novidoso nas diferentes etapas educativas. Sen embargo, aínda segue a ser unha cuestión pouco visibilizada na Formación Profesional (FP) que, en moitas ocasións, queda reducida a propostas relacionadas co uso de recursos TIC nos procesos de ensino-aprendizaxe. Ante isto, podemos preguntarnos cal é a situación dos proxectos e potencial de innovación naqueles estudios de vocación eminentemente práctica en Galicia. Este traballo pretende achegarnos ao que se está a facer no ámbito da innovación nos centros de FP galegos, unha realidade pouco visibilizada e estudada que, sen embargo, recolle unha gran diversidade de accións, iniciativas e proxectos en materia de innovación educativa. Para iso, levouse a cabo unha investigación descritiva, de carácter exploratorio e eminentemente cualitativa na que, a partir da análise de fontes documentais primarias, como son as distintas resolucións das convocatorias anuais de premios á innovación en FP, se pretendeu responder ás seguintes preguntas de investigación: estase innovando nos centros de FP? Que tipo de proxectos son os considerados innovadores polas administracións e premiados? Que familias profesionais son as involucradas? Que tipo de centros participan máis da innovación? Analízanse así, as convocatorias de premios á innovación en FP dos anos 2019 e 2020 na comunidade autónoma de Galicia, na cal se presentaron en total 144 propostas innovadoras, das cales foron finalmente premiadas, 86. A modo de conclusión, realízase unha análise crítica da situación actual da innovación na FP en Galicia, aportando referentes a ter en conta e valorándoa á luz do papel que debe xogar a FP no marco da construción dunha cidadanía so século XXI.
Early Outcomes of Emergency Surgery for Left-Sided Mechanical Valve Thrombosis
Authors: Saleh Hesham , Azzam Mohamed , Swailum Ahmed AH , Farouk Alaa
Published: December 2021

Background: Valve thrombosis is a potentially lethal complication of mechanical cardiac valves. We examined the clinical characteristics as well as the early outcomes of patients undergoing emergency surgery for left-sided mechanical valve thrombosis.
Methods: Between January 2012 and May 2020, 104 consecutive patients were offered an emergency redo surgery for acute mechanical valve thrombosis. Ninety-seven of these patients were included in the current study.
Results: The mean age was 34.2 ± 10.3 years. Most of the patients were females (61 patients), and 27 patients (27.8%) were pregnant. The mitral valve was the site of thrombosis in 81 patients. Inadequate anticoagulation was found in 60.8% of patients. The overall early mortality was 32.9% (32 patients) with an operative mortality of 25.7%. Outcomes in the pregnant subgroup tended to be worst with a maternal mortality in the range of 37%, and with fetal and neonatal survival as low as 33.3%.
Conclusion: The overall mortality in cases of mechanical valve thrombosis warranting surgery remains high. Since inadequate anticoagulation seems to be one of the major precipitating factors, the current study highlights the need for improvements in anticoagulation practices. The use of tissue valves should also be contemplated more seriously in some younger patients, especially females expressing the desire for future pregnancies.
Aspects of linguistic ageing in literary authors across time
Authors: Klaussner Carmen , Vogel Carl , Bhattacharya Arnab
Published: December 2021

This work offers an investigation into linguistic changes in a corpus of literary authors hypothesised to be possibly attributable to the effects of ageing. In part, the analysis replicates an earlier study into these effects, but adds to it by explicitly analysing and modelling competing factors, specifically the influence of background language change. Our results suggest that it is likely that this underlying change in language usage is the primary force for the change observed in the linguistic variables that was previously attributed to linguistic ageing.
Distributed implementation of neuroevolution of augmenting topologies method
Authors:   NTUU ", Achour I.Z. ,   KPI", Doroshenko A.Yu. ,   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2021

Despite the neuroevolution of augmenting topologies method strengths, like the capability to be used in cases where the formula for a cost function and the topology of the neural network are difficult to determine, one of the main problems of such methods is slow convergence towards optimal results, especially in cases with complex and challenging environments. This paper proposes the novel distributed implementation of neuroevolution of augmenting topologies method, which considering availability of sufficient computational resources allows drastically speed up the process of optimal neural network configuration search. Batch genome evaluation was implemented for the means of proposed solution performance optimization, fair, and even computational resources usage. The proposed distributed implementation benchmarking shows that the generated neural networks evaluation process gives a manifold increase of efficiency on the demonstrated task and computational environment.
On the way to creating Ukrainian national cloud of open science
Authors:   Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics NAS of Ukraine, Svistunov S.Ya. , Perkonos P.I. ,   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Subotin S.V. ,   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine, Tverdochlib Ya.M. ,   Institute of Software Systems NAS of Ukraine
Published: December 2021

Modern conditions of science development, which are characterized by a significant increase in the volume of information, require new approaches to computational methods and new approaches to information processing. The article considers approaches to creating conditions and tools based on cloud technologies for more effective cooperation of research teams working on similar scientific problems. The article analyzes the stages of development of the European Open Science Cloud and presents the strategy of building the National Open Science Cloud. The article presents the main results of the development of a common information resource for scientific researches at the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, which can be considered as a prototype of the National Open Science Cloud, which integrates into the European Open Science Cloud.
LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES STRAIN BN3 RESPONDS TO ACYL HOMOSERINE LACTONE (AHL) BY EXPRESSION OF VIRULENCE GENE (HLYA) AND GENE RESPONSIBLE FOR BIOFILM (SRTA)
Authors: Naik Milind Mohan , Naik-Samant Sanika , Salkar Komal , Manerikar Veda
Published: December 2021

Listeria monocytogenes, a foodborne pathogen and well known causative agent of listeriosis in humans that is also known to form biofilm on utensils used in the dairy industry is well studied for peptide-based Quorum sensing system (agr QS system). In the present study, we are reporting L. monocytogenes strain BN3 to respond to an acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) by expression of virulence gene (hlyA) and the gene responsible for biofilm formation (srtA) using Real-Time PCR technology. It revealed that in L. monocytogenes, hlyA gene (encodes listeriolysin O) expression increased 0.7-fold in response to 500 nM AHL (C4-HSL treated) as compared to control. Also, in response to 500 nM AHL, (C4-HSL treated) strain BN3 showed 27-fold up-regulation of srtA gene (encodes enzyme sortase) as compared to control. Our study confirmed the cross-talk between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria since L. monocytogenes strain BN3 responds to C4-HSL, which is normally produced by Gram-negative bacteria. Here, we suggest targeting both agr based QS and AHL based QS system together in L. monocytogenes to tackle biofilm formed on milk cans in dairy industries and when treating listeria infections.
MORPHOLOGICAL AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF DIFFERENT CASSAVA VARIETIES IN RELATION TO THE QUALITY ATTRIBUTES OF THEIR GARI (ROASTED FERMENTED CASSAVA GRITS)
Authors: Karim Olayinka Ramota , Akintayo Olaide Akinwunmi
Published: December 2021

Gari is the most popular cassava product in West Africa. Therefore, the suitability of any cassava root introduced into this region for gari production is important. This study determined some selected morphological and chemical characteristics of six cassava varieties (TMS 30001, TMS 30572, TME 419, TMS 98/0505, TMS 98/0581 and Biofortified) being promoted for widespread cultivation in Kwara State, Nigeria. The yield, physical, chemical and sensory attributes of gari made from these roots were also investigated. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was conducted to identify parameters contributing to major sensory variations in the gari samples while correlation analysis was adopted to determine relationships between cassava and gari properties. Biofortified cassava had the highest root size attributes. Moisture, starch and cyanide contents of the cassava roots were 64.01-77.38%, 31.47-61.94% and 40.52-58.86 mg/kg, respectively. TMS 30001 had highest pulp-to-peel ratio (3.96) and gari yield (20.11%). The particle size distributions, angles of repose, pH, and total titratable acidity of the gari samples differed significantly (p≤0.05).  Cyanide content of gari from TMS 98/0581 was above WHO recommended safe limit of 10 mg/kg while gari from TMS 30001 had highest sesnory ratings, except in taste. PCA revealed overall acceptability, taste and colour as the top three sensory components contributing to variation in the gari samples. Root size negatively correlated with dry matter, starch content and gari yield. It was concluded that the various cassava varieties exhibited some distinct morpholgical and chemical characteristics which influenced their potentials for gari production.
COMPOSITION AND PROPERTIES OF HIGH-POLYMER DNA FROM GONADS OF DIFFERENT SPECIES OF HYDROBIONTS
Authors: Pozdnyakova Yulia M. , Pivnenko Tatyana Nikolaevna
Published: December 2021

The method was elaborated for obtaining high-polymer DNA from male gonads of hydrobionts as a potential macromolecular matrix for production of preparations for various purposes. A comparative analysis of chemical composition and activities of endogenous proteases and deoxyribonucleases was performed for four fish species and a sea scallop and bovine spleen (as the main source of raw materials) in order to identify factors that affected the degree of DNA depolymerization in the process of its isolation. The DNA content of male gonads of the hydrobionts exceeded that in the bovine spleen 4-11 times. It was found that the activity profiles of endogenous proteases in gonads of all studied hydrobionts were generally similar (with the exception of that in pollock). Nucleases of various species were characterized by a wide range of activity values. The degree of DNA depolymerization, qualitative and quantitative composition of protein and lipid components of the obtained preparations determined the possibility of their use as medical drugs. The method of obtaining the target product with the use of salt extraction and ethanol precipitation was supplemented by proteolysis in order to remove residual protein to a value of no more than 5% of dry weight. A stepwise change in the composition of the preparations and in the DNA characteristics in the process of isolation and purification was shown. The obtained preparations were evaluated by spectral analysis with comparison of the obtained data with phage λ DNA, by electrophoresis for determination of molecular mass and by estimation of hyperchromic effect.
IN VITRO EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT LOCALLY AVAILABLE PRESERVATIVES AGAINST THE FUNGUS CAUSING TOMATO FRUIT ROT DISEASE
Authors: Nizamani Safia , Khaskheli Asad Ali , Jiskani Muhammad Mithal , Nizamani Imtiaz Ahmed , Khaskheli Allah Jurio , Poussio Gul Bahar , Khaskheli Sajad Ali , Khaskheli Muhammad Ibrahim
Published: December 2021

The post-harvest tomato fruit rot caused by Alternaria solani is a major threat to the tomato fruits. Our main objective of this study was to assess the locally available plant based preservatives against post-harvest tomato fruit rot. The in-vitro antifungal effect of 09 different treatments (07 plants based = black pepper, red pepper, turmeric, clove, garlic, onion and papaya seed and 02 chemical preservatives = Potassium metabi-sulphate, PMS and Sodium benzoate, SB) showed significant (P < 0.05 = 0.0000) variation among the treatment groups. Black pepper followed by red pepper and turmeric remained the best antifungal and preservative after 05, 10 and 15 days after treatment (DAT) in B-group (inoculated and uninjured fruits). However, in A-group (inoculated and injured fruits), lowest infection percent was recorded for black pepper followed by red pepper and turmeric after 05, 10 and 15 DAT. The response of all treatments was obvious after 15 DAT. No infection of test fungus was recorded when black pepper and red pepper were applied. Whereas, with the application of turmeric (8.33%) and garlic (9.33%) lowest infection percent was observed with no significant difference. The response of onion (4.33%), papaya seed (6%), clove (7.66%) and SB (15%) appeared moderate with no significant difference. After 30 days, the lowest number of spoilt fruits were recorded with the treatment of black pepper (01) and red pepper (01) followed by turmeric (02), clove (02), onion (02) and SB (02) in B-group. Based on best physical structure, maximum numbers of tomato fruits were observed in clove (04) followed by black pepper (03) and SB (03) when treated without any injury (B group). While in case of A group, almost all fruits in all treatments become spoilt after 30 days of treatment. It has been proved that locally available plant based preservatives have an excellent antifungal and preservative potential against post-harvest tomato fruit rot disease caused by Alternaria solani. These plant based preservatives increase the shelf-life of tomatoes without any health hazards. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time conducted study, where antifungal and preservative potential of locally available plant products against post-harvest tomato fruit rot caused by Alternaria solani have been explored.
OPTIMIZATION OF MEDIA COMPONENTS AND PROCESS PARAMETERS FOR MICROBIAL MEDIATED REMEDIATION OF AZO DYES: A REVIEW
Authors: Uppala Rajeswari , Muthukumaran AZhaguchamy
Published: December 2021

Azo dyes are one of the most commonly used synthetic dyes with enormous applications in the textile industry. The recalcitrant properties of azo dyes could be attributed to the highly complex chemical organization. The limitations such as high cost and emergence of secondary toxic pollutants as by-products associated with physicochemical mode of degradation urged researchers to explore potential alternatives. Microorganisms having versatile metabolic pathways and adaptations to different environmental conditions gained the attention of researchers to exploit them for azo dyes degradation in a cost-effective manner.  The azo dye degradation using microbial sources proved to be a promising approach as compared to conventional physicochemical approaches. Microorganisms can induce different metabolic pathways in response to the external environment. The biodegradation efficacy of the microorganisms-based approach can be maximized by optimizing the culture media and process parameters. Optimization techniques predict the conditions required to increase the efficacy of azo dyes degradation by microbial sources and also decrease the number of experimental runs to achieve the maximum percentage of degradation. Interaction of variables such as medium components and process parameters can be determined using optimization tools. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based optimization approaches were discussed in this review with special emphasis on microbial degradation of azo dyes.
ZN AS A VITAL MICRONUTRIENT IN PLANTS
Authors: Nandal Vandana , Solanki Manu
Published: December 2021

Macro and micronutrients are vital for the growth and productivity of the plants. Zinc (Zn) is considered to be one of the essential micronutrients for the growth and development of cereals as well as fodder crops. It is also a regulatory cofactor for all those enzymes which are required for the synthesis of chlorophyll, proteins and carbohydrates. The functioning of these enzymes is affected significantly due to Zn deficiency and there will be a retarded growth and productivity of plants. Deficiency of Zn is a universal problem among cereal crops. The concentration of Zn varies from 6-1.2 mg/kg in various soils, whereas its concentration reaches 20-300 ppm in plants. Zn deficiency leads to chlorosis in the leaves of plants. Various reasons affect the availability of Zn in the plants, which include soil type, pH of the soil and availability of other nutrients that work antagonistically for the absorption of Zn. Zn applied as the fertilizer gets converted into unavailable form by making insoluble complexes and thus not available for plants. Hence the best alternative to this issue is the use of Zn solubilising bacteria (ZSB). These ZSB will accumulate in the rhizosphere zone of the plants and will reduce the requirement of the applied Zn fertilizer. It will prevent Zn toxicity in the soil and will enhance the uptake of other macronutrients like phosphorus to the plants.
CURRENT SCENARIO OF SARS-CORONAVIRUS 2: EPIDEMIOLOGY; POST-COVID-19 AND GLOBAL IMPACTS
Authors: Priya Vishnu , Govindaraj Prasannaraj , Subbiah Ramasamy , Mohan Makesh
Published: December 2021

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly contagious strain of coronavirus that causes Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, which has distressed the world's health and wealth. This Global Pandemic outbreak has affected public health enormously at various customs. The investigation of SARS-CoV-2 is still at infancy; however, based on the available reports, this review gives an overview of the epidemiology, genomic landscape, diversity of SARS-CoV-2, viral genome pathogenic interactions, associating factors for COVID-19 infections, post-COVID-19, disease manifestations with their comorbidities, the major obstacles and the preventive measures along with current vaccine strategies of SARS-CoV-2. This review also summarizes all the relevant evidence of COVID-19 illness, which can provide valuable information on the SARS-CoV-2 genome and its mode of action strategies, thus delivering additional knowledge about COVID-19.
BIOENGINEERING OF THE CIRCULAR BACTERIOCIN FROM ENTEROCOCCUS FAECIUM NKR-5-3 BY NNK-SCANNING TO ENHANCE ITS BIOACTIVITY
Authors: Perez Rodney , Aguimatang Riziel Hannah , Zendo Takeshi , Sonomoto Kenji
Published: December 2021

Bacteriocins are gene-encoded antimicrobial peptides that are traditionally appreciated as safe food preservative in the food industry and as possible alternative to conventional antibiotics in the pharmaceutical industry. Enterocin NKR-5-3B is a well characterized circular bacteriocin that possess exceptional stability due to the circular nature of its structure. In this paper, a mutant library of this bacteriocin was constructed through NNK-scanning whereby the presumed critical residues were targeted hoping to obtain bacteriocin derivatives with enhanced bioactivity. Thirteen (13) mutant phenotypes exhibited bioactivity enhancement relative to the native bacteriocin. The most notable bioactivity increases were observed from the phenotypes expressing V32C, V32A, and L40G that exhibited 233, 217, and 200% relative bioactivity, respectively. In-silico analyses of the resulting bacteriocin derivatives showed significant changes in the physico-chemical properties of the bacteriocin derivatives, particularly its hydrophobicity index, as a consequence of the introduced mutation. The V32C bacteriocin derivative which exhibited the strongest bioactivity enhancement was found to exhibit a reduction of the molecular surface hydrophobicity and isoelectric point. These changes may have contributed in the enhancement of its bioactivity. The identification of these critical mutations is highly valuable as basis for future studies on the rational design of bioengineered bacteriocins with enhanced bioactivity.
Improving Shared Situation Awareness for High-risk Therapies in Hospitalized Children
Authors: Sosa Tina , Mayer Beth , Chakkalakkal Bindu , Drozd Alisha , Hater Karen , Johnson Andrea , Nasr Alexander , Seger Brandy M. , Meyer Rachel , Dewan Maya , White Christine M. , Brady Patrick W.
Published: December 2021

BACKGROUND

High-risk therapies (HRTs), including medications and medical devices, are an important driver of preventable harm in children’s hospitals. To facilitate shared situation awareness (SA) and thus targeted harm prevention, we aimed to increase the percentage of electronic health record (EHR) alerts with the correct descriptor of an HRT from 11% to 100% on a high-acuity hospital unit over a 6-month period.

METHODS

The interdisciplinary team defined an HRT as a medication or device with a significant risk for harm that required heightened awareness. Our aim for interventions was to (1) educate staff on a new HRT algorithm; (2) develop a comprehensive table of HRTs, risks, and mitigation plans; (3) develop bedside signs for patients receiving HRTs; and (4) restructure unit huddles. Qualitative interviews with families, nurses, and medical teams were used to assess shared SA and inform the development and adaptation of interventions. The primary outcome metric was the percentage of EHR alerts for an HRT that contained a correct descriptor of the therapy for use by the care team and institutional safety leaders.

RESULTS

The percentage of EHR alerts with a correct HRT descriptor increased from an average of 11% to 96%, with special cause variation noted on a statistical process control chart. Using qualitative interview data, we identified critical awareness gaps, including establishing a shared mental model between nursing staff and the medical team as well as engagement of families at the bedside to monitor for complications.

CONCLUSIONS

Explicit, structured processes and huddles can increase HRT SA among the care team, patient, and family.
Pediatric Discharge From the Emergency Department Against Medical Advice
Authors: Weaver Meaghann S. , Morreim Haavi , Pecker Lydia H. , Alade Rachel O. , Alfandre David J.
Published: December 2021

In this Ethics Rounds we present a conflict regarding discharge planning for a febrile infant in the emergency department. The physician believes discharge would be unsafe and would constitute a discharge against medical advice. The child’s mother believes her son has been through an already extensive and painful evaluation and would prefer to monitor her well-appearing son closely at home with a safety plan and a next-day outpatient visit. Commentators assess this case from the perspective of best interest, harm-benefit, conflict management, and nondiscriminatory care principles and prioritize a high-quality informed consent process. They characterize the formalization of discharge against medical advice as problematic. Pediatricians, a pediatric resident, ethicists, an attorney, and mediator provide a range of perspectives to inform ethically justifiable options and conflict resolution practices.
Hearing the inaudible
Authors: Mouillot François
Published: December 2021

This article considers multiple ways in which, one year into the COVID-19 pandemic, the Hong Kong experimental music scene has been impacted by the global health crisis and the social restrictions it has imposed on its actors. Using insights from three active local experimental music musicians and event organizers, it argues that three main tendencies are currently at play in the scene: adaptation, internationalization and extinction. It concludes that while the COVID-19 pandemic has allowed some actors the possibility to break down the relative isolation characteristic of the Hong Kong experimental music landscape, it appears to largely compound pre-existing structural issues within the scene.
Changes in microbial composition and quality characteristics of yellowfin tuna under different storage temperature
Authors: Wang Di , Deng Jianchao , Li Xupeng , Yang Xianqing , Chen Shengjun , Zhao Yongqiang , Li Chunsheng , Wu Yanyan
Published: December 2021

Yellowfin tuna is one of the commercially important fish varieties, and inappropriate storing may deteriorate its safety and quality. This study aimed to investigate the microbial composition and quality characteristics of yellowfin tuna stored at different temperatures for varying amounts of time. With an increase in the storage temperature and storage time, the biogenic amines, the total volatile basic nitrogen TVB-N, and the total viable cell count steadily increased, which influenced the quality of tuna. The most significant histamine concerning food safety reached levels of 21.25, 235.05, 1166.18, and 3799.29 mg/kg, respectively. The values of total viable cell counts were increased to 7.04, 7.97, 8.24, and 8.91 log CFU/g after storage at 0, 4, 10, and 20 °C for 12 days, 7 days, 7 days, 3 days, respectively. Additionally, changes in microbial composition were evaluated by high-throughput sequencing, and the results showed that Pseudomonas was the dominant spoilage bacteria in yellowfin tuna. The bacterial dynamics and their correlation with biogenic amines and TVB-N in yellowfin tuna were analyzed. A positive correlation between Pseudomonas, Shewanella, Morganella, Acinetobacter, and biogenic amines was found. Pseudomonas showed significant correlation with histamine, cadaverine, and putrescine. This study provides insights into yellowfin tuna quality and microbial composition, which provide theoretical guidance for maintaining seafood safety and quality during distribution and storage.
Vantagem competitiva: um estudo sobre recursos e capacidades estratégicos em empresas de cervejas artesanais
Authors: Martins Julianne Ferraz Alonso , Augusto Cleiciele Albuquerque
Published: December 2021

O presente estudo teve como objetivo compreender, à luz da Visão Baseada em Recursos (VBR), como os recursos e capacidades estratégicos influenciam na vantagem competitiva em cervejarias artesanais na cidade de Maringá. Para tanto, foram coletados dados através de entrevistas semiestruturadas com sócios das empresas, sendo tratados e interpretados por meio do método de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados obtidos revelam que os recursos distintivos das empresas investigadas consistem, sobretudo, em recursos físicos e organizacionais. Observou-se que os recursos físicos contribuem para a eficiência da produção e, consequentemente, para a qualidade do produto. Por sua vez, os recursos organizacionais contribuem no desempenho das organizações no sentido de as empresas apresentarem estratégias mais robustas para atingir seu foco. Assim, conclui-se que os recursos e capacidades distintos influenciam o desempenho da organização e geram vantagens para suas respectivas empresas.
Responsabilidade ética do profissional da contabilidade vista sobre a percepção dos alunos de graduação do curso de Ciências Contábeis de uma universidade privada localizada na cidade de Goiânia - GO
Authors: Barros Cinthya Gomes Martins , Santos Geovane Camilo , Alcoforado Eduardo Alvim Guedes
Published: December 2021

A escolha pela profissão é optativa! Porém, a partir do momento que se toma tal decisão, as obrigações profissionais são imperativas. Assim, os códigos de éticas auxiliam o profissional quanto a sua conduta, respeito aos colegas e a sociedade. Nesse sentido, este estudo busca identificar os conhecimentos dos alunos do curso de Ciências Contábeis de uma universidade privada localizada na cidade de Goiânia, quanto às responsabilidades éticas previstas no Código de Ética do Profissional Contador (CEPC). Os dados foram coletados mediante questionário, aplicado via plataforma eletrônica, aos alunos do curso de Ciências Contábeis da referida universidade. Foram obtidas 177 respostas, tratadas mediante estatística descritiva, testes de hipóteses não paramétricos – Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon e Kruskal-Wallis – para comparar as respostas por grupos e nuvens de palavras. Os resultados revelaram que 53% dos respondentes ainda não leram o CEPC e que os estudantes acertaram a maioria das punições previstas no mesmo. Os resultados também revelaram que o sexo e a experiência profissional não influenciam no conhecimento quanto ao CEPC, porém a leitura e cursar a disciplina de ética possui influência em algumas assertivas dispostas no documento. Conclui-se que o CEPC é importante para guiar a conduta profissional em relação à classe contábil e à sociedade.
Planejamento como fomento na organização orçamentária: um estudo multicaso
Authors: Passos Ederlande
Published: December 2021

Com a criação da Constituição de 1988 o planejamento tornou-se eficiente, onde são buscados organização, direção e controle.Compõe de um sistema integrado a um orçamento para que possa gerar um bom desempenho da Gestão e o alcance de seus objetivos, tendo assim um controle das despesas. O objetivo deste trabalho e evidenciar o planejamento municipal, com base na constituição de 1988 destacando a criação dos instrumentos: o Plano Plurianual (PPA), Lei Orçamentária Anual (LOA) e a Lei das Diretrizes Orçamentárias (LDO) criadas para melhorar a visibilidade e o andamento da gestão pública. Este trabalho foi constituído em um estudo bibliográfico, com aplicação de um questionário semi-estruturado e entrevista a três gestores de planejamento das cidades localizados no Recôncavo da Bahia. Constatou-se que os gestores utilizam um planejamento defasado, montado a partir de um modelo já existente, sem a participação da população, tendo em vista apenas o cumprimento da lei.
Підвищення ефективності методів акумулювання енергії відновлювальних джерел
Authors: Косой Б.В. , Грудка Б.Г. , Зімін О.В.
Published: December 2021

У даний час зростає інтерес до відновлювальних джерел енергії (ВДЕ). Незважаючи на це, в енергетичних системах високої продуктивності переважно використовуються вугілля, нафта, природний газ, а також енергія, що виробляється гідроелектростанціями та атомними електростанціями. Перші три джерела сформували так звану вуглецеву енергетику, якій притаманні два основні недоліки: обмеженість ресурсів та збільшення викидів СО2 у навколишнє середовище, незважаючи на вимоги Кіотського протоколу. Більшість ВДЕ характеризуються нерівномірним виробництвом та споживанням енергії, тому необхідно забезпечувати також її зберігання. Можна зауважити, що чим більше виробляється електроенергії вітру і сонця, тим сильніше виявляється потреба в системах накопичення і зберігання цього виду енергії. Сприятливим фактором для впровадження ВДЕ при цьому є різке зниження вартості одиниці встановленої потужності, яка включає в себе експлуатаційні і капітальні витрати. У статті розглядаються відносно нові типи ВДЕ, які дають змогу зберігати енергію у вигляді води (PSHE), компримованого повітря (CAES) та кріогенних рідин – повітря та азот (CES). За допомогою цього способу можна реалізовувати всі процеси виробництва, розподілу, зберігання та застосування електричної енергії у різні періоди часу. Розглянуто питання створення ефективного обладнання для тривалого зберігання тепла, що виробляється з електроенергії, яка виробляється сонячними панелями та вітрогенераторами. Тепло, яке отримується у такий спосіб, можна довго зберігати у теплоізольованих контейнерах, що заповнюються базальтовою крихтою. Актуальність цих досліджень підтверджується міжнародним енергетичним агентством: «ВДЕ вже є другим за величиною джерелом електроенергії у світі, але їх використання все ще необхідно прискорювати, якщо ми хочемо досягти довгострокових цілей у галузі клімату, якості повітря та доступу до енергії»
Investigation of the Fluid Dynamics of Lubrication in the Gaps of the Gas Distribution Mechanism of the Internal Combustion Engine
Authors:   Volgograd State Technical University, Vasilyev Alexander , Ageev Evgenij ,   Volgograd State Technical University
Published: December 2021

The method of calculating the fluid dynamics of the lubricant in the gaps is considered on the basis of a generalized mathematical model of the dynamics of the gas distribution mechanism. The results of its use for the drive of the engine exhaust valve are presented. It is shown that the developed methods and algorithms provide a more accurate determination of the dynamic and tribological characteristics of the gas distribution mechanism.
Decarbonization of the Economy – the General Trend of Development of Russia and Its Regions in the 21st Century
Authors:   Federal Research Centre the Southern Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Mitrofanova Inna
Published: December 2021

Today the issue of Russia’s low-carbon development and the necessity in cutting down Greenhouse emissions, first of all, carbon dioxide (СO2) is very acute. Over the recent years a lot of documents and regulatory legal acts have appeared in Russia, one way or another related to the decarbonization of the economy, including “National Climate Change Adaptation Plan”, the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation “On Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions”, “Strategy for the Long-Term Development of Russia with Low Greenhouse Gas Emissions up to 2050”, draft Federal Law “On State Regulation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Removals”, “The Plan for the Development of Hydrogen Energy in Russia up to 2050”. Russia needs a network of carbon landfills, its own non-discriminatory system for measuring the balance of greenhouse gases, this is the most important factor of national security today. In the near future, the system of calculations will be worked out on the territory of seven regions: the Chechen Republic, the Krasnodar Krai, Kaliningrad, Sakhalin, Sverdlovsk, Novosibirsk and Tyumen Regions. Since 2020, a pilot project of a carbon landfill has been implemented in Kaluga Region, on lands located within the borders of the Ugra National Park. To finance these projects, it is necessary to attract funds from national projects, first of all, the NP “Clean Air”. Carbon farms are a complex of technologies that enable the absorption of greenhouse gases, and so far for Russia it is mainly forest rather than agricultural technologies. There are about 11 million square kilometers of forests in Russia, and this is a unique reservoir for absorbing CO2, so the 21st century is the century of Russia, which has every chance to become the most important player in the sequestration industry. It is fundamentally important for Russia to become a world leader and gain a high rate of carbon farms development throughout the country. However, there is an acute shortage of qualified personnel for this type of activity in the country, so one of the strategic tasks for Russian universities today is to train specialists for the new sequestration industry in the conditions of a new and inevitable reality – total decarbonization of the economy.
International Aspects of the COVID-19 Infodemic
Authors: Pivovarova Oksana A. , Gorbatov Sergej J. , Korotkova Ekaterina О. , Kamynina Natalya N.
Published: December 2021

At present, the speed and scale of the dissemination of false health information has increased significantly, due to the Internet and social networks, which has become a serious problem and challenge for the worlds public health systems. The issue of spreading implausible news has become most acute against the background of the COVID-19 pandemic. Since February 2020, the World Health Organization has introduced the term infodemiс, which characterizes the rapid growth of unreliable and false reports of a pandemic by analogy with the spread of the virus. The purpose of this article is to study the issues of the emergence and ways of spreading misinformation about health, to consider approaches for taking effective response measures in the conditions of infodemiс. The article was prepared using a systematic review of research publications based on strict selection criteria in the bibliographic databases PubMed, ScienceDirect, as well as online resources that addressed the issues of dissemination and countering false information in the field of healthcare. Countering disinformation needs to be done through correcting information, purposeful refutations based on evidence, implementing initiatives to improve the media literacy of the population, as well as by improving the supervision of social networks. Coordinated interaction between governmental and international organizations, the scientific community, the media, and global Internet social media platforms is crucial in this process.
Study of Citizens of CIS Countries Receiving Medical Services on the Territory of the Russian Federation: Insights for Development of the Export of Medical Services (Based on Material of Focus Group Interviews)
Authors: Aksenova Elena I. , Bogdan Ignat V. , Gataulin Radik G. , Grin Sabina I. , Kriukova Kseniia K. , Pravednikov Alexandr V. , Radetskaia Alla V. , Chistyakova Darya P.
Published: December 2021

Background. The export of medical services is one of the most dynamically developing areas both in the structure of the world economy and in the structure of world health care. By decree of V.V. Putin of May 7, 2018 On national goals and strategic objectives of the development of the Russian Federation the need to increase the volume of exports of medical services was outlined. The real experience of receiving medical care by foreign citizens living in the territory of the Russian Federation has a serious impact on the broadcasted image of Russian medicine. Sociological research aimed at studying the opinion of foreign citizens about domestic medicine is a promising tool for ensuring a targeted approach in the export of medical services. Aims to study the opinion on the Russian medicine among foreign citizens of the CIS countries living in the territory of the Russian Federation in order to form an effective strategy for promoting medical services provided for foreigners in the territory of the Russian Federation. Methods. The focus group interviews with citizens of the CIS countries who received medical services and residing in Russia were held. For the analysis, the text data encoding procedure was carried out. At the same time, the study was not aimed at revealing the prevalence of opinions, statistical criteria were not used. An adapted COM-B model was used as a theoretical basis for the analysis, and the BCW (Behavior change wheel) method was used to develop recommendations. Results. The study examined some important details of the image of Russian medicine in the opinion of group participants (good equipment, reliable ambulance, feeling of conveyor belt, bureaucracy, etc.). The results are structured using the adapted COM-B model. The study identified the main strategies used by foreign citizens when seeking medical care. Insufficient awareness of foreign citizens about their rights in the field of medical provision in the territory of the Russian Federation was revealed. The main channels of communication used by citizens of the CIS to select a medical organization / specialist for seeking help have been studied, it is primarily word of mouth. It has been established that in order to be attractive, for Russian medicine its not enough to have advantages, they should be perceived as sufficient to overcome the convenience of conservative respondents to refer to native, familiar, as well as the fear of the stranger. Based on the results obtained using the BCW model, the recommendations have been developed and interventions have been proposed to promote medical services provided in the Russian Federation among foreigners.
HLA-DQA1*04:01 is related to a higher multiple sclerosis lesion load on T2/Flair MRI sequences
Authors: NORO Fabio , ALVES-LEON Soniza Vieira , FONTES-DANTAS Fabricia Lima , VALLE BAHIA Paulo Roberto , ANDREIUOLO Rodrigo Ferrone , RUEDA LOPES Fernanda Cristina , PEREIRA Valeria Coelho Santa Rita , ABI-HAILA Livia de Almeida Afonso , COUTINHO Renan Amaral , ARAUJO Amanda Dutra de , MARCHIORI Edson
Published: December 2021

ABSTRACT Background: The genetic predisposition to multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with HLA alleles, especially HLA-DRB1*15:01. Objective: To identify associations between findings in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and genetic features in a Brazilian cohort of patients with MS. Methods: We retrospectively studied data from 95 consecutive patients with MS. Two independent observers who were blinded to the clinical data identified black holes and enhanced lesions on T1 MRI sequences, and counted and measured contrast-enhanced lesions on T2 and Flair (fluid attenuation inversion recovery) sequences. Cases were classified according to lesion size, number, and volume. The HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQB1, and HLA-DQA1 alleles, and the rs4774, rs3087456, rs6897932, rs731236, and rs1033182 single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified by polymerase chain reaction amplification with sequence-specific primers using the One Lambda Inc. Kit, Canoga Park, CA, USA. Results: Patients with the HLA-DQA1*04:01 allele had lesion load (adjusted for age, sex, and MS duration) above median compared with patients with other HLA-DQA1 alleles (p=0.02). There were no differences among all the other HLA alleles and single nucleotide polymorphisms and lesion load. Conclusions: The correlation of the HLA-DQA1*04:01 allele with a higher lesion load on T2/Flair MRI sequences suggests that the presence of this allele is associated with the risk of greater MS severity.