bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Stochastic methods for modeling the topological operating environment of an autonomous mobile agent
Authors: Kononov Yu.M. , Sapunov S.V. , Senchenko O.S. , Sliesariev V.V.
Published: February 2025

Stochastic methods are used to model the topological operating environment of an autonomous mobile agent that performs goal-directed movement or navigation.
For successful navigation, it is necessary to efficiently represent information about the environment, i.e. to create its map.
The topological representation focuses on the structural characteristics of the environment and the connections between different areas of space.
The model of this representation is a graph, where vertices represent important locations and edges represent possible paths between them.
In this paper, the environment is modeled as a graph with labeled vertices, where agents can move autonomously by recognizing the labels on these vertices.
This approach allows us to create an efficient navigation system without complex self-localization mechanisms.
In this paper, we distinguish two types of labelling that uniquely define the paths of agents on the graph according to the corresponding sequences of vertex labels.
These labellings are determined by constraints on the values of the labels in the neighborhood of each vertex of the graph and are called deterministic (D-) and strongly deterministic (SD-) labellings.
Since the vertex labels can be interpreted as natural numbers, graph labelling can be considered as a special case of the vertex coloring.
We consider the problem of constructing D- and SD-coloring on a graph.
The power of the set of colors used should be as small as possible, ideally minimal.
To solve this problem, we have studied the application of three most popular stochastic methods -- simulated annealing, ant colony optimization, and biological evolution - which have been shown to be effective for constructing proper coloring of large and complex graphs.
We have developed the software prototypes of the algorithms for constructing D- and SD-coloring, based on these methods
Also, the DSATUR algorithm, one of the most common greedy heuristics for constructing proper colorings, was modified to build D- and SD-coloring.
We performed a series of computational experiments to build proper, D-, and SD-coloring using the developed algorithms and a wide range of control parameters.
Experimentally, the advantage of the algorithm based on the simulated annealing method was revealed among other stochastic methods considered in the paper
Numerical analysis of the flexible manhole-soil interaction in mining areas based on the laboratory test results
Authors: Janoszek Tomasz , Kalisz Piotr , Zięba Magdalena
Published: February 2025

Horizontal soil strains, caused by underground mining, change the distribution and values of loads acting on a manhole. The result of significantly unbalanced distribution of horizontal loads on a flexible manhole is the cross-sectional deflection, which causes passive soil pressure. These loads may result in damage to manholes, leading to failures of the sewer system. The article employs numerical modelling to analyse the interaction between a flexible manhole and horizontally strained soil for the conditions of the performed laboratory tests. The numerical simulations were conducted with FLAC3D v.5.0. software, based on the finite difference method. The numerical analyses showed that in mining areas the cross-sectional deflection of flexible manhole risers depends on the horizontal soil strains, the ring stiffness of the risers and the foundation depths of manholes.
Gravitational waves in a quantum electrodynamic perspective
Authors: Avramenko Aleksandr G.
Published: February 2025

Resent scientific progress has suggested that gravitational waves can, under certain conditions, be reflected in a similar manner to electromagnetic waves. As a consequence, it is necessary for scientists to begin incorporating the theories of electromagnetic wave optics unto gravitational waves in order to better understand their physical behavior. This manuscript attempts to extrapolate the behavior of a gravitational wave trapped in a Fabry–Pérot cavity by utilizing theories used to model an electromagnetic wave trapped under similar conditions. Using classical optical theories, it is determined that a pair of microscopic black holes with a mass of ~7.38 × 1014 kg separated by a distance of 1 micron would generate a gravitation wave of approximately 100 GHz. Moreover, the shortcomings of classical theories of gravity are discussed as they are applied to microscopic scales.
Aerial infrared small target detection algorithm combined structure tensor and local contrast
Authors: Zhonghua Wang  , Bangsheng He  , Wenjie He
Published: February 2025

To solve the problem of false alarm rate in detecting infrared small targets under complex cloud backgrounds, a novel algorithm combining structure tensor and local contrast is proposed. The structure tensor can better describe the gradient distributions in the local image area, and its eigenvalues can also depict the characteristics of the area. Combining the weighted local contrast with eigenvalues, the small targets can be enhanced and the background can be suppressed. In addition, to highlight the target, the regional complexity is further used for weighting local contrast. The presented algorithm steps are as follows: firstly, Gaussian filtering is performed on the original image; secondly, the larger eigenvalue of the structure tensor matrix is used to calculate the local contrast through the difference operation; thirdly, the regional complexity is calculated by the gray difference between the central and surrounding regions for weighting the local contrast to generate a saliency map; finally, an adaptive threshold segmentation is performed on the saliency map to extract the real target. The comparative experiments show that the proposed algorithm can achieve the highest detection rate, lowest false alarm rate, and shortest running time.
Reconstructing computational spectra using deep learning’s self-attention method
Authors: Hao Wu  , Hui Wu  , Xinyu Su  , Jingjun Wu  , Shuangli Liu
Published: February 2025

Miniaturized computational spectrometers have become a new research hotspot due to their portability and miniaturization. However, there are several issues, like low precision and poor stability. Because the problem of spectrum reconstruction accuracy is very evident, we suggested a novel approach to raise the reconstruction accuracy. A library of optical filtering functions was acquired using the time-domain finite-difference (FDTD) method. A cross-correlation algorithm was then used to choose 100 sparse filter functions, which were then built as an encoding matrix and then, based on the encoding matrix, a self-attention mechanism algorithm to improve the accuracy. The reconstructed spectrum’s mean square error (MSE) is 0.0019, and its similarity coefficient (R2) is 0.9780. This self-attention mechanism spectral reconstruction technique will open up new possibilities for high-accuracy reconstruction for various computational spectrometer types.
Energy flow redistributions of azimuthally polarized Bessel–Gaussian beam modulated by phase plate in tight focusing system
Authors: Zijie Zhou  , Jinsong Li  , Guojin Feng  , Chenxu Lu  , Shuo Li
Published: February 2025

In this article, we investigate the energy flow redistributions of azimuthally polarized Bessel–Gaussian beams in the focal field by modulating the phase of the phase plate and the topological charge of the phase plate. The results indicate that an increase in phase change parameter will cause the energy flow distribution to shift towards the positive direction of the coordinate axis and result in energy flow separating, while an increase in m will gradually concentrate energy into the center area of the energy flow. The change in phase distribution will affect the shape of energy flow distribution and rotating the phase plate will also bring about changes in the energy flow distribution. These phenomena may contribute to particle capture and transport.
Color image encryption with semi-tensor product compressive sensing and quaternion discrete fractional Krawtchouk transform
Authors: Wen-Jun Yu  , Hong-Xing Ding  , Li-Hua Gong  , Zhong-Hua Fang
Published: February 2025

A color image encryption scheme is investigated by integrating the semi-tensor product compressive sensing (STP-CS) with the quaternion discrete fractional Krawtchouk transform (QDFrKT). To process the color components of plaintext image as a whole, the discrete fractional Krawtchouk transform (DFrKT) is popularized into the quaternion domain and the color image is secured by the QDFrKT. The image matrices are compressed with the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and the STP measurement matrix. Then the compressed matrices represented by quaternion algebra are re-encrypted by the double random phase encoding and the quaternion DFrKT. Subsequently, the nonlinear hyperchaotic Lorenz system is applied to pixel diffusion to obtain the encrypted image. The proposed reconstruction algorithm based on the grouping iterative reweighted least squares (GIRLS) can resume the decryption image with high precision. The efficiency, security and robustness of the image compression encryption algorithm for color images are evaluated.
Factors Influencing the Transition Intentions of LTCI Home Benefit Recipients to Facilities/Hospitals
Authors:   Korean Association of Health and Medical Sociology, Chang Sujie
Published: February 2025

The goal of elderly care in our society is Aging in Place (AIP). In line with this, the Long-Term Care Insurance (LTCI) system has strengthened home care services. Despite these efforts, many individuals still transition from home care to facility-based services. This study investigates the factors influencing LTCI home benefit recipients' intentions to transition to facility-based services. It aims to distinguish between transitions from home to nursing facilities and from home to long-term care hospitals to identify factors that promote or hinder AIP and derive practical implications for elder welfare. The research applies the Andersen Health Behavioral Model and the Family Caregiver Model to establish a framework. It examines the effects of predisposing factors (gender, age, living alone status), enabling factors (residential area, type of housing occupancy, elderly-friendly living space, satisfaction with home care services), and need factors (number of chronic diseases, long-term care eligibility level, dementia diagnosis, level of independent mobility) of home benefit recipients. Additionally, it considers predisposing factors (gender, age), enabling factors (household income), and need factors (care burden level) of family caregivers on the intention to transition to facility services. Analysis of data from the 2022 Long-Term Care Survey reveals that recipients who are monthly renters, live in less elderly-friendly environments, or have family caregivers with high care burden and income show higher intentions to transition to a facility. Distinct differences were found between transitions to nursing facilities and long-term care hospitals. No significant factors were found for transitions to long-term care hospitals. However, recipients satisfied with home care and living in elderly-friendly spaces preferred AIP over nursing facilities. Conversely, higher caregiver burden and household income increased intentions to transition to nursing facilities. These findings provide practical implications for enhancing elder welfare and promoting AIP.
The Greatest Common Divisor of Sets of Binomial Coefficients with Restrictions
Authors: Chung Chan-Liang , Yang Tse-Chung , Zhou Kanglun
Published: February 2025

Ram (1909) proved an elegant result for the greatest common divisor of a set of binomial coefficients, and many researchers have proved similar results along these lines. In this paper, we will turn to the results of the greatestcommon divisor of sets of binomial coefficients with  restrictions. Specifically, we give the answer to gcdA2(n) for several cases depending on the value of s = σp(n) where p | n−1. (Notations will be introduced below.) We raise some open questions and conjectures for the interested readers to pursuit.
From COVID-19 Crisis to Solutions for Community Conservation and Nature-Based Tourism Enterprises: The Case of Amboseli Ecosystem, Kenya
Authors: Makindi Stanley Maingi , Musau John Mwanzia , Mwawaza Stellah Mshai , Mugatsia Wedgener Sindani
Published: February 2025

The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19), a global pandemic, impacted livelihoods, economies and industries worldwide. The conservation and nature-based tourism sector was one of the leading economic casualties, resulting in a conservation crisis. Tourist attractions, hotels, sporting events, visits to cultural sites and most of the leisure activities that required travel and gatherings were destabilized by lockdowns, travel and other restrictions. This study aimed to assess the range of community conservation and nature-based tourism enterprises and their responses post-COVID-19 in the Amboseli ecosystem in Kenya. Using a bottom-up approach, a questionnaire survey targeting the local communities involved in conservation and ecotourism enterprises, and conservation agencies, was undertaken to understand how the measures taken to control the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and understand how the interventions and investments that were employed impacted their operations and programmes. The results show that the measures taken to contain the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic had significant impacts on local communities, conservation and nature-based tourism operations and programmes. Most communities and enterprises reported high impacts in activities related to loss of jobs and income, protecting biodiversity, loss of livelihoods for neighbouring communities, heightened threats from human-wildlife conflicts, and diminished support to development projects and neighbouring communities forcing some communities to turn to unsustainable conservation activities to support their livelihoods. Nevertheless, the study identifies the areas that need urgent support to strengthen the ability of communities and conservation enterprises to respond to future pandemics. They include funding to minimize human-wildlife conflicts and support the livelihoods of local communities, enhanced technical support and strengthening, and broadening collaborations and partnerships. This opens an opportunity for national dialogue between the government and conservationists to rethink the way that conservation and ecotourism-related enterprises are planned and the introduction of strategies on how to prevent and manage future pandemics of this nature.
Incidence Angle Effect on the Behaviour of a Flow around the Turbine Blades
Authors: Habib Merouane , Ismail Drai , Rachid Sahnoun
Published: February 2025

Our work involves a numerical simulation of a turbulent flow that crosses a turbine blade for different orientation angles using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code. The turbine's performance mainly depends on the characteristics and efficiency of the blades for optimal orientation angle position. The numerical simulation is based on the finite volume method for the differential equations discretization; different schemes have been used to solve these equations such as first upwind, second upwind, and power law. The turbulence model used in this study is the standard k-epsilon model. The equations governing the flow are solved by the Semi-Implicit Method for Pressure-linked Equations SIMPLE algorithm. The results obtained allow for identifying and characterizing the flow around the blade by plotting the dynamic field, the pressure coefficient, and the Mach number.
Real-time and Interoperable Software for Smart Grid Mission-Critical Functions using Open-Source Platforms
Authors: Uribe-Blanco Carlos E. , Alvarez-Cortes Victor , Espinosa-Reza Alfredo
Published: February 2025

A coherent proposal is presented, delineating the essential characteristics that must be met by a realtime and interoperable software solution that encompasses the critical functions of the smart grid, particularly through the utilization of open-source platforms. The document presents several potential development options, platforms, and open-source software; its primary objective is to provide the reader with a set of considerations for decision-making regarding the purchase or development of a software product of this type, as well as the minimum criteria that should be considered when choosing a full development option. The document reflects the author's experience.
Analysis of the Distribution Pattern of Genetic Biomarkers of Safety of Etiotropic Drugs for the Treatment of COVID-19 in Representatives of Ethnic Groups of the Volga Region and the Far East
Authors: Tuchkova S. N. , Abdullaev Sh. P. , Denisenko N. P. , Kryukov A. V. , Temirbulatov I. I. , Suleymanov S. S. , Kitaeva E. Y. , Shprakh V. V. , Sidukova E. E. , Sychev I. V. , Mirzaev K. B. , Sychev D. A.
Published: February 2025

The effectiveness and safety of favipiravir may be determined by polymorphisms of genes encoding enzymes involved in the biotransformation of the drug — AOX1 and CYP1A2. The aim of the study was to analyze the distribution frequency of allelic variants of genes encoding enzymes involved in the biotransformation of favipiravir AOX1 (rs55754655 and rs10931910) and CYP1A2*F1 (rs762551) among ethnic groups of the Volga region and the Far East. Material and methods. The study involved 497 volunteers from five ethnic groups: Russians, Mari, Mordvins, Nanai, and Buryats. The definition of belonging to an ethnic group was determined by double self-identification. Biomarker carriage was determined by the RT-PCR method. Results. Statistically significant differences between ethnic groups were observed in relation to the studied single nucleotide polymorphisms. The frequency of occurrence of the mutant allele C rs10931910 AOX1 among the Nanai differs from all ethnic groups except the Buryats, and the minor allele C rs55754655 AOX1 was significantly different among the Mari. A difference was found in the distribution of the A allele of rs762551 CYP1A2*F1 between the Buryat and Russian groups. Distribution patterns corresponded to frequencies in the larger populations from which the studied subpopulations originated. The frequencies of occurrence of the C allele of rs55754655 AOX1 were 10% in Russians, 5% in Mari, 3% in Buryats, 7.5% in Mordvins, 3.5% in Nanai. Allele C rs10931910 AOX1 was detected in 48%, 42%, 86%, 36%, and 77.5%, respectively, polymorphism of the CYP1A2*F1 gene rs762551 (mutant allele — A) — 65%, 55%, 68%, 70%, and 74%, respectively. Conclusion. There is heterogeneity in the distribution of polymorphisms of genes and enzymes that metabolize drugs, including favipiravir, which may be important when personalizing therapy for patients representing certain ethnic groups of the Russian Federation.
Studying and implementing foreign experiences in the sustainable development of mountain tourism services
Authors:   PhD student at Samarkand branch of Tashkent State University of Economics, Uzbekistan, o‘g‘li Alimov Abduvakil Komil
Published: February 2025

This article is devoted to the issues of sustainable development of mountain tourism services, studying the experience of foreign countries and analyzing the possibilities of using them in the development of mountain tourism in Uzbekistan. The article pays special attention to such aspects as ensuring environmental sustainability, developing infrastructure, attracting local residents and ensuring safety.

The experiences of countries such as Switzerland, Sweden, Denmark, Germany, Austria, Nepal and Georgia in developing mountain tourism will be analyzed and their adaptation to the conditions of Uzbekistan will be considered. In particular, foreign experiences will be studied in protecting mountain ecosystems, waste management, increasing energy efficiency, rational use of natural resources, developing transport communications, building accommodation and catering facilities, attracting local residents to the tourism sector and ensuring the safety of tourists.

The study uses regression analysis to identify the main factors affecting tourism revenue, and "Estimated number of tourists" is shown as the most important factor. Therefore, the article emphasizes the need to implement measures aimed at increasing tourist flow.

The analyses and conclusions presented in the article may be useful in developing a strategy for the sustainable development of mountain tourism in Uzbekistan.
KONSEP KONSUMSI DALAM EKONOMI ISLAM
Authors: Ananda Iva Ashari , Wahab Abdul , Juliasti Evin
Published: February 2025

In Islamic Economics, the goal of consumption is to maximize maslahah. According to Imam Syatibi, the term maslahah has a broader meaning than just utility or satisfaction in conventional economic terminology. Maslahah is the most important goal of Sharia law. Maslahah is the nature or ability of goods and services that support the basic elements and goals of human life on this earth. Meanwhile, this research uses qualitative research with the type of Library Research research.  The results of this research are that in Islam, a Muslim when consuming goods or services should pay attention to ethics and principles in consuming so that consumption goals can be achieved, namely: maintaining religion (al-din), maintaining life or soul (al-nafs), maintaining property or property (al-mal), intellectual maintenance (al-aql), and maintenance of family or descendants (al-nasl). In other words, maslahah includes the integration of physical benefits and elements of blessing
El Proceso de Inclusión de los Adolescentes con la Condición de Inteligencia Al Límite “Il” en el Bachillerato de la Unidad Educativa Zuleta
Authors: Ruiz Andrade Wendy Anabella
Published: February 2025

El artículo analiza el proceso de inclusión de adolescentes con inteligencia al límite (IL) en el Bachillerato Técnico de la Unidad Educativa Zuleta para el periodo 2023-2024. El estudio identifica deficiencias en la inclusión educativa de estos estudiantes, quienes enfrentan desventajas debido a sus necesidades específicas. La investigación propone diseñar estrategias educativas centradas en la adaptación curricular para mejorar su inclusión. Se emplearon métodos cualitativos, incluyendo entrevistas, encuestas a docentes, estudiantes y padres, observaciones de clase y análisis de documentos escolares. Los hallazgos revelan que los estudiantes con IL requieren adaptaciones curriculares personalizadas, como ajustes en el ritmo de aprendizaje y métodos de enseñanza que incorporen apoyo emocional y social. Las adaptaciones incluyen modificaciones en los contenidos y métodos de evaluación, que han mostrado mejoras significativas en el rendimiento académico y la inclusión de estos estudiantes. Se destaca la importancia de la colaboración entre docentes, especialistas y la comunidad educativa para el éxito de las estrategias implementadas. Se sugiere la formación continua de docentes y la evaluación periódica de las adaptaciones curriculares. Futuras investigaciones deberían expandirse a otras instituciones y analizar el impacto a largo plazo de estas adaptaciones. El estudio subraya la relevancia de estrategias educativas inclusivas y adaptaciones curriculares para promover una educación equitativa y accesible.
Efectos de las TICs en el aprendizaje y reducción de tiempo de enseñanza y autonomía en contextos virtuales. Revisión sistemática
Authors: Loor Valdiviezo Grace Carolina , Masalema Vaca Alexis Rubén , Zamora Vera Holger Ramon , Nuñez López Sonnia Liliana , Zambrano Duarte Rosa Gabriela
Published: February 2025

Las TIC han sido ampliamente utilizadas en el mundo como herramientas didácticas para el proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje. En el ámbito educativo son implementadas para mejorar el aprendizaje de los alumnos, su capacidad de estudiar y participar en el mundo laboral. Estas tecnologías de la información y comunicación presentan dos impactos: el primero, facilitan el acceso a la información, el trabajo en equipo y la interacción con el contenido, el segundo es que mejoran el flujo de aprendizaje, el rendimiento académico, la organización del aprendizaje, la memoria y el pensamiento crítico dentro y fuera del aula. El objetivo de este artículo es realizar una aportación acerca de las investigaciones que señalan los efectos positivos de las TICs en el aprendizaje y como se reflejan en la reducción de tiempos de enseñanza, la calidad y mayor autonomía en contextos virtuales. La metodología ha consistido en realizar una revisión sistemática en las bases de datos de Scopus, Scielo, Dialnet a partir de la selección de descriptores que han dado lugar a la búsqueda. Dicha búsqueda ha contado con dos criterios el de inclusión y exclusión que han permitido seleccionar 10 estudios para esta revisión. Los estudiantes reportan mejoras en su aprendizaje, tanto en las habilidades fundamentales como en el rendimiento académico. Además, las TICs tienen la capacidad de mejorar el aprendizaje cooperativo.
Perspectivas clínicas de los Neoplasmas Mieloproliferativos
Authors: Espinales Oñate Lizbeth Pamela , Aguirre Castro Sophia Alejandra , Rodriguez Alvarez Omar Antonio , Oscuez Mayorga Ana Cristina
Published: February 2025

Las neoplasias mieloproliferativas son trastornos clonales de células madre hematopoyéticas, caracterizadas por panmielosis, con maduración efectiva. Este trastorno hematológico incluye patologías como la policitemia vera, trombocitemia esencial, leucemia mieloide crónica, leucemia eosinofílica crónica, mielofibrosis primaria y leucemia neutrofílica crónica. Dichos trastornos están vinculados por similitudes morfológicas y propensión a las complicaciones trombóticas y a la transformación leucémica. Estos trastornos comparten alteraciones genéticas, como mutaciones en JAK2, CALR y MPL. El diagnóstico temprano es muy importante para tratamiento adecuado. La identificación genética es la base para poder comprender su patogénesis, pronóstico y responder a terapias dirigidas, mejorando el pronóstico y la calidad de vida.
De svenska rättskällornas historia
Authors: Hafström Gerhard
Published: February 2025

Beskrivning saknas.
Fria varurörelser i den Europeiska gemenskapen
Authors: Quitzow Carl Michael
Published: February 2025

Beskrivning saknas.
Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in individuals aged 40– 80 years in relation to varying Diabetes
Authors: Asghar Saima , Faisal Muhammad , Akram Sehrish , Ghalib Saba , Iqbal Hadia , Waseem Duaa
Published: February 2025

Objective: To determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in individuals aged 40– 80 years in relation to varying diabetes duration presented in ophthalmology out-patient department at Allied Hospitals.
Study design: It was a Descriptive hospital based study.
Place and duration of study: The study was conducted at Department of Ophthalmology, Eye OPD, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi from April 2023 to September 2023.
Material and Methods: The study comprised 100 diabetic retinopathy patients who visited the eye outpatient department of Allied Hospitals in Rawalpindi. In order to establish the phases, severity, and macula involvement of diabetic retinopathy, patients underwent a variety of diagnostic procedures. A thorough fundus examination with a slit lamp, an ophthalmoscope, a non-mydriatic fundus camera, and fundus angiography are some of these diagnostic techniques.
Results: Certain characteristics, such as gender, unilateral or bilateral involvement, different diagnostic procedures, the existence of maculopathy, and the types of DR—background, pre-proliferative, proliferative, diabetic maculopathy, and advanced stage—are used to draw conclusions. The research was conducted on a sample size of around 100 patients presented in ophthalmology outpatient department of the allied hospitals. Out of the total sample size, 60% of the patients presented were males and 40% were females. The majority of the timed is bilateral and accompanied by maculopathy. For a thorough diagnosis, fundus angiography is necessary for the majority of patients. It is possible to diagnose DR using a slit lamp alone, but since some symptoms are better seen on fundus photos, it is crucial that the patient be subjected to all diagnostic criteria for a thorough diagnosis.
Conclusion: As demonstrated by this study, diabetic retinopathy is a condition that can cause blindness and should be appropriately recognized in order to enable treatment. For the purpose early diagnosis is crucial.
Estudio de las aves con las comunidades cafeteras
Authors: Botero-Echeverri Jorge Eduardo , Lentijo-Jim�nez Gloria Mar�a
Published: February 2025

Se presenta una relaci�n de las especies de gavilanes que migran por la zona cafetera, la ruta que utilizan, c�mo viajan y el porqu� de su migraci�n. Para finalizar se incluyen los reportes de algunas personas, que desde tiempo atr�s han estado viendo el paso de estos gavilanes por la regi�n andina en su viaje desde las zonas de producci�n en Norte Am�rica, hacia otros sitios de Colombia o Suram�rica.
Los grandes mam�feros del parque los nevados
Authors: Botero-Echeverri Jorge Eduardo , Lotero Jorge , Casta�o Jhon , Lizcano Diego , Fern�ndez Guido , Arias Milton
Published: February 2025

El Parque Nacional los Nevados, fue creado en 1974, su conservaci�n ha acompa�ado la historia del desarrollo de la regi�n y provee valiosos servicios ambientales como el agua, permitiendo la conservaci�n de la fauna y la flora regionales. Es esta Biocarta se presenta la relaci�n de algunos de los mam�feros hallados en este Parque.
Nyiri Sándor: A múlt mindig velünk van
Authors: Bócz Endre
Published: February 2025

The author reviews the recently publicised memoir of Sándor Nyiri, a former deputy-attorney general and internal affairs under-secretary.
Voice Controlled Wheelchair for Physically Disabled People and Blind People
Authors: Hariharan S.  , Abinaya A.  , Anjuga V.  , Bhuvaneshwari V.
Published: February 2025

The work focuses on developing an innovative mobility solution that enhances independence and accessibility for individuals with physical and visual impairments. The proposed voice-controlled wheelchair is equipped with state-of-the-art speech recognition technology, enabling users to issue simple voice commands such as “forward,” “backward,” “left,” “right,” and “stop” to control its movements. The system incorporates a robust microphone array and noise-cancellation algorithms to ensure accurate voice recognition in diverse environments, including noisy settings. For blind users, the wheelchair is integrated with obstacle detection sensors and auditory feedback systems, which provide real-time navigation assistance and ensure safety during movement. The wheelchair's design prioritizes user-friendliness, adaptability to individual needs, and affordability, making it accessible to a wider population. The implementation involves training the speech recognition model using datasets tailored to regional accents and diverse linguistic patterns to enhance inclusivity. The obstacle detection mechanism leverages ultrasonic and infrared sensors, while the auditory feedback system employs synthesized speech alerts for directional guidance. Extensive testing with physically disabled and blind individuals in controlled and real-world scenarios demonstrates improved navigation efficiency, reduced dependency on caregivers, and higher user satisfaction. This project bridges the gap between technology and accessibility, empowering users to regain autonomy and confidence in daily life. By leveraging advanced voice control systems and safety enhancements, the project revolutionizes mobility solutions for individuals with disabilities, offering them a transformative tool to interact with their environment effectively.
Interstellar Pickup Ion Observations to 60 au
Authors: McComas D. J. , Shrestha B. L. , Livadiotis G. , Szalay J. R. , Zirnstein E. J. , Elliott H. A. , Brandt P. C. , Poppe A. R. , Singer K. N. , Stern A. , Verbiscer A. ,   the New Horizons Heliophysics Team
Published: February 2025

Prior to the Solar Wind Around Pluto (SWAP) observations from New Horizons, the only significant interstellar pickup ion (PUI) observations were taken inside 5.4 au from the Ulysses and 1 au missions. Here, we analyze SWAP data to provide the first comprehensive radial profile of interstellar PUIs in the outer heliosphere from ∼22 to 60 au. This study is the first to combine the low time resolution (one day) data inside 49.5 au with the high time resolution (half hour) data outside of that. We show that these two data sets can be reliably analyzed together in what is now a nearly continuous set of PUI observations. We derive radial gradients for all of the PUI parameters, as well as ratios to their solar wind counterparts from these combined data and extrapolate them out to a nominal termination shock distance at ∼90 au. We find that the fraction of PUIs to all ions in the solar wind continues to grow, reaching ∼18% by 60 au and extrapolated to be ∼30% at 90 au. The PUI internal pressure is ∼11% of the solar wind dynamic pressure at 60 au and expected to be ∼21% by 90 au. Such large values further highlight the importance of PUIs as the dominant driver of the physics of the outer heliosphere, as well as at the termination shock.
Magnetorotational Instability in Collisional Weakly Ionized Plasma with Distinct Species Velocities
Authors: Zhang Chenghao , Ren Haijun
Published: February 2025

In a differential rotating system, we use the incompressible multifluid model to investigate the dynamics of a weakly ionized plasma placed in a vertical background magnetic field with radial shearing. The equilibrium current is taken into account. The differences in velocities between charged species and neutrals are supposed to be related to the collisions. The analytical expression of the general local dispersion relation is derived and the effect of the shearing magnetic field is demonstrated in three different limiting cases. Momentum transfer to neutrals is neglected in the first case, and the instability criteria are provided with the involvement of magnetic field shearing. In the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) case, the previous results are reproduced when setting the equilibrium current density to zero, and the magnetic field structure is depicted to restrain/reinforce the instability in the Keplerian system with decaying/increasing shearing. In the last case, the finite collisions with weak ionization and ion Hall effects generate another unstable vertical mode compared with the MHD case and also alleviate the unstable waves propagated between the horizontal and vertical directions.
Continuous Gravitational Waves from Thermal Mountains on Accreting Neutron Stars: Effect of the Nuclear Pasta Phase
Authors: Li Hong-Bo , Shao Lijing , Xia Cheng-Jun , Xu Ren-Xin
Published: February 2025

As density increases, the shape of nuclei transitions to nonspherical “nuclear pasta” structures. The physical properties of the nuclear pasta, such as thermal conductivity and elasticity, have implications for detecting continuous gravitational waves from a rapidly rotating neutron star. In this work, we investigate the effect of the nuclear pasta on the quadruple moment, and find out that, compared with previous work, the quadrupole moment contributing to continuous gravitational-wave radiation can be up to 2 orders of magnitude larger. We also discuss the relationship between the quadruple moment and the maximum shear strain. Considering the properties of nuclear pasta, we study the detectability of known accreting neutron stars and compare predicted results to the detectable amplitude limits. These sources are well above the sensitivity curves for Cosmic Explorer and Einstein Telescope detectors. Our work advances the understanding of the properties of nuclear pasta and a possible mechanism for continuous gravitational waves.
The Eclipsing Binaries via Artificial Intelligence. II. Need for Speed in PHOEBE Forward Models
Authors: Wrona Marcin , Prša Andrej
Published: February 2025

In modern astronomy, the quantity of data collected has vastly exceeded the capacity for manual analysis, necessitating the use of advanced artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to assist scientists with the most labor-intensive tasks. AI can optimize simulation codes where computational bottlenecks arise from the time required to generate forward models. One such example is PHOEBE, a modeling code for eclipsing binaries (EBs), where simulating individual systems is feasible, but analyzing observables for extensive parameter combinations is highly time consuming. To address this, we present a fully connected feedforward artificial neural network (ANN) trained on a data set of over one million synthetic light curves generated with PHOEBE. Optimization of the ANN architecture yielded a model with six hidden layers, each containing 512 nodes, providing an optimized balance between accuracy and computational complexity. Extensive testing enabled us to establish ANN's applicability limits and to quantify the systematic and statistical errors associated with using such networks for EB analysis. Our findings demonstrate the critical role of dilution effects in parameter estimation for EBs, and we outline methods to incorporate these effects in AI-based models. This proposed ANN framework enables a speedup of over 4 orders of magnitude compared to traditional methods, with systematic errors not exceeding 1%, and often as low as 0.01%, across the entire parameter space.
Management and sustainability of ground-mounted solar parks requires consideration of vegetation succession as an omnipresent process
Authors: Zaplata Markus
Published: February 2025

In addition to the aspects of power generation, land use, aesthetics, nature conservation, and multifunctionality considered so far, there are still overlooked issues in the relatively new topic of solar landscapes. I reveal a connection with a supposedly not equally contemporary theme: ecological succession. Understanding succession provides the background for interrelationships, and explains why, in large solar parks, the occurrence of large operational disruptors, such as trees, cannot be sustainably countered with the usual maintenance measures. Woody plants benefit from the thousands of safe sites amongst the modular panel constructions, and softwoods often avoid being cut due to their flexibility, or grow back from their stumps. Stronger and stronger over time. Instead of relying exclusively on labour-intensive and costly mowing, managers can make use of grazing animals. In this way, simply anticipating the ecological succession process and taking it into account when planning and managing a solar park can boost overall sustainability. The recommendation makes connections with social dimensions and can result in ethically produced meat.
Expression of atherosclerosis-associated genes in peripheral blood of drug-naïve hypertensive subjects with newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Stoynev Nikolay , Dimova Ivanka , Rukova Blaga , Hadjidekova Savina , Nikolova Dragomira , Tankova Tsvetalina
Published: February 2025

Aim: To evaluate the expression of atherosclerosis-associated genes in peripheral blood of drug-naïve hypertensive subjects with newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Materials and methods: Eighteen subjects (15 males, 3 females), mean age 46.27 ± 12.07 years, divided into two groups: studied group - subjects with newly-diagnosed hypertension and newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes (n = 9), control group – normotensive individuals with newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes (n = 9) Gene expression analysis was performed with Human Atherosclerosis RT2 Profiler PCR Array.

Results: In gene expression analysis, 5 genes with increased expression in the studied group were found – CD44, ITGA5, ITGB2, PPARA and RXRA. No genes with decreased expression matching the criteria were found.

Conclusion: The presence of arterial hypertension in subjects with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes tends to increase the expression of CD44, ITGA5, ITGB2, PPARA and RXRA in the peripheral blood.
« Mères-tampon » ou doubles cibles ?
Authors: Daquin Alice
Published: February 2025

Au cœur des quartiers populaires de Marseille, avec l’aval du gouvernement, certaines mères tiennent un rôle d’intermédiaire entre les institutions et les jeunes de la cité. Stratégique, l’entre-deux peut aussi s’avérer fragile.
« La littérature est l’art le plus démocratique »
Authors: Hervieu-Léger Benoît , Marx William , Monti-Lalaubie Martin
Published: February 2025

Professeur au Collège de France, William Marx insiste sur l’importance de la littérature comme lieu de confrontation à l’altérité, en écho à la récente lettre du pape François sur le sujet. Entretien.
Réplique au temps présent
Authors: Dujin Anne
Published: February 2025

De jeunes poètes et poétesses témoignent d’un désir renouvelé d’engagement dans le monde. À condition de ne pas se leurrer sur les moyens par lesquels la poésie agit sur la société.
Lecture et écriture. Une exigeante vitalité
Authors: de Villeneuve Camille
Published: February 2025

Expérience sensitive et intime, la littérature est aussi l’espace du développement de la conscience, d’où se forge le changement social. À condition de la revisiter sans cesse, jusque dans ses propres tensions. Retour sur ce dossier en quatre points saillants.
« La dématérialisation n’abolira pas toute présence humaine »
Authors: Blondel Mélusine , Denoix Arnaud , Hervieu-Léger Benoît
Published: February 2025

La Plateforme de l’inclusion et la Mednum produisent des services numériques destinés à faciliter l’insertion professionnelle. Où l’interaction entre individus demeure centrale.
Traitement d’hémopathies malignes par des CAR T-cells
Authors: Alcantara Marion
Published: February 2025

Les Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cells sont des lymphocytes T génétiquement modifiés pour exprimer un récepteur à l’antigène chimérique. Ils font partie, en Europe, des médicaments de thérapie innovante. Après transduction in vitro , les lymphocytes T autologues sont réinjectés au patient : ils s’activent et prolifèrent in vivo après la reconnaissance d’un antigène spécifique exprimé par la tumeur de façon indépendante du complexe majeur d’histocompatibilité. Après avoir démontré leur efficacité clinique, deux CAR T-cells anti-CD19 (tisagenlecleucel [Kymriah ® ] et axicabtagene ciloleucel [Yescarta ® ]) sont désormais commercialisés pour le traitement des leucémies aiguës lymphoblastiques B et des lymphomes B non hodgkiniens, en rechute ou réfractaires. Cette efficacité révolutionnaire existe au prix d’une toxicité non négligeable, essentiellement représentée par le syndrome de relargage de cytokines et la neurotoxicité qui peuvent menacer le pronostic vital. Cet article présente un état des lieux des données cliniques actuelles dans les indications pour lesquelles les CAR T-cells sont approuvés. Les perspectives de développement dans d’autres hémopathies ainsi que les pistes pour augmenter l’efficacité et réduire la toxicité des CAR T-cells sont également discutées.
La médecine personnalisée : alors, c’est pour quand ?
Authors: Lhermitte Ludovic
Published: February 2025

La médecine personnalisée a pour but d’adopter une stratégie thérapeutique individualisée pour chaque patient. Ce paradigme gouverne la recherche fondamentale et translationnelle depuis plusieurs décennies, plus particulièrement dans le domaine de l’oncologie. Elle résulte du constat que les cancers sont des entités très hétérogènes et qu’il en existe pratiquement autant que de patients. La mise en œuvre de la médecine personnalisée implique la connaissance de marqueurs biologiques de prédiction, ou biomarqueurs, permettant d’anticiper la réponse au traitement. Après l’ère des marqueurs biologiques diagnostiques et pronostiques, s’ouvre donc celle des marqueurs dits « théranostiques ». La médecine personnalisée est un concept de longue date et son implémentation en pratique clinique prend du temps, mais la médecine actuelle connaît des progrès substantiels intégrant de plus en plus cette démarche. Cet article de culture médicale généraliste propose de présenter, au travers du modèle de l’onco-hématologie, comment la médecine personnalisée est en train d’incorporer la clinique en pratique. Il entrouvre les perspectives de la biologie de demain et souligne l’importance du biologiste dans ses interactions avec les cliniciens pour les choix thérapeutiques.
ExPRession-based E-Worksheet (EBEW): An effort to enhance student' computational thinking skills
Authors: Herlina Kartini , Abdurrahman Abdurrahman , Umam Ahmad Naufal , Nurjanah Ayu , Rabbani Ghani Fadhil , Pratiwi Ficha Aulia Indah
Published: February 2025

Nowadays, physics learning in the classroom should no longer only focus on achieving academics. It must prepare students to face challenges in the future. One of the abilities that are important for learners is problem solving, and the problem-solving ability that is becoming increasingly important in today's digital era is computational thinking skills. Although computational thinking skills can be developed through worksheets, their integration into learning practices remains suboptimal. This study examines the effects of the ExPRession-based E-Worksheet (EBEW) on enhancing students' computational thinking skills in physics education. A quantitative approach with a pre-test and post-test quasi-experimental design was employed, involving 59 students divided into two groups. The control group participated in a simple laboratory practicum using discovery learning-based worksheets, while the experiment group engaged in a practicum facilitated by EBEW. Both groups completed a pre-test prior to the learning sessions. Results suggest that students using EBEW showed significantly deeper CT skills as compared to those using discovery learning-based worksheets. EBEW’s structured learning phases, involving deep problem understanding, root cause analysis, predictive solution modeling, investigative procedures, and conclusion synthesis, effectively aided students in enhancing CT and problem-solving skills. These findings then suggest that EBEW not only enhances student learning on direct current circuit topics but also provides a readily extensible scaffold for broader STEM activities. This study underlines that EBEW has the potential to revolutionize physics learning with computational thinking by systemic processes of problem-solving. The present research was specifically directed toward DC circuits topic. However, the principles of EBEW are potentially applicable to other areas in physics for extended training in skills related to CT and to the reform of STEM education.
On periodic solutions of second-order partial difference equations involving p-Laplacian
Authors: Li Dan , Long Yuhua
Published: February 2025

By combining variational techniques with the saddle point theorem, we investigate the existence and nonexistence of periodic solutions to second-order partial difference equations involving p-Laplacians. Our obtained results generalize and complement some known ones. Finally, we display some examples and numerical simulations to show the validity of our main results.