bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Muhammad Shahrur's millenial interpretation of women’s issues
Authors: Herlambang Saifuddin
Published: August 2023

Background: This study examines Muhammad Shahrur's theory of limits and women’s issues. This theory adjusts the muhkamat verses to remain relevant to sociocultural conditions while remining within the jurisdiction of Allah SWT. Shahrur's approach conveyed women as different from traditional ulema, and controversial. Therefore, it is necessary to describe Shahrur's theory and interpretation on women issues. 

Methods: This was an exploratory bibliographic study using descriptive-hermeneutic analysis. Two of Shahrur's books were selected and five chapters from Al-Kitāb wa Al-Qur’ān, Qirā’ah Mu’āshirah and five chapters from Nahw Ushūl al-Jadīdah Li al-Fiqh al-Islāmy; Fiqh al-Mar'ah . 

Results: Shahrur’s interpretations on women issues are:  a) relationships between teenagers of the opposite sex without marriage or living together is "halal" if it follows their will, without a contract, being accompanied by syecih or permission, b) The maximum limit of hijab is to cover the entire body except the face and palms. In contrast, the minimum limit covers the juyūb, including cleavage under the armpits, body parts, genitals, and buttocks. Apart from these, it does not include intimate parts and adapts to the community. c) women's intimate parts are shown only to the seven groups; brothers, fathers, children of a sibling, parents of one's wives and their children, d) Polygamy has both an upper limit and lower limit. Shahrur allows polygamy under two conditions: widows with children whose husbands left them to protect them, polygamy has two limitations, limit for quantity and limit for quality, e) the law of adultery has a lower and upper limit.  

Conclusion: According to Shahrur, women's issues are divided into four limits, sometimes they are at the upper limit and sometimes at the lower limit. Shahrur's linguistic approach finally led him to draw a conclusion that the product of Islamic law is highly dependent on the sociocultural context.
Dynamics of single mothers’ semantic strategies in Anglophone non-fiction
Authors: Sergeev Dmitrii
Published: August 2023

The article discusses how the increasing number of self-help books for single mothers is meeting the demand for positive narratives about their experiences, which are often stereotyped in the media. The books offer a powerful tool for self-reflection, and content analysis reveals semantic strategies that authors use to construct, negotiate, and reframe single motherhood. The authors aim to challenge societal expectations and redefine what constitutes a family. There are still conflicting messages that perpetuate negative stereotypes and stigmas about single mothers, propelling identity negotiation. The seven principal semantic strategies applied in the texts include reframing, renaming, normalization, direct or indirect confrontations, distinctions, self-labelling, and vernacular. By using semantic strategies, authors aim to empower single mothers, challenge negative stereotypes, and create a sense of community. While there are limitations to the self-help genre, it remains a powerful tool for self-reflection, self-empowerment, and the construction of identity.
Targeted recruitment and the role of choice in the engagement of youth in a randomised smartphone-based mental health study in India, South Africa, and the UK: results from the MindKind Study
Authors: Sieberts Solveig K. , Burn Anne-Marie , Carey Emma Grace , Carlson Sonia , Fernandes Blossom , Kalha Jasmine , Lindani Simthembile , Marten Carly , Neelakantan Lakshmi , Ranganathan Swetha , Sams Nichole , Scanlan Erin Joy , Shah Himani , Sumant Sushmita , Suver Christine , Tummalacherla Meghasyam , Velloza Jennifer ,   The MindKind Consortium, Areán Patricia A. , Collins Pamela Y. , Fazel Mina , Ford Tamsin , Freeman Melvyn , Pathare Soumitra , Zingela Zukiswa , Doerr Megan
Published: August 2023

Background: The global ubiquity of smartphone use among young people makes them excellent candidates for collecting data about individuals’ lived experiences and their relationships to mental health. However, to-date most app-based studies have been conducted in North America and Europe. Understanding young people’s willingness to participate in app-based research and share information about their mental health is key to understanding the feasibility of broad-scale research using these approaches. We aimed to understand the recruitment and engagement approaches influencing young peoples’ (aged 16-24) participation in app-based studies of mental health. We hypothesised that providing a choice of study topics will improve engagement.

Methods: We developed a 12-week pilot study of mental health implemented in the MindKind app, designed to assess participants’ willingness to engage in remote mental health research, both actively and passively. Enrollees were randomised to one of two different engagement arms, either selecting their study topics of interest or receiving a fixed assignment of study topics, in order to understand the role of choice in study engagement. This pilot study was conducted in India, South Africa, and the United Kingdom. Different recruitment strategies were employed in each location.

Results: The MindKind Study recruited 1,034 (India), 932 (South Africa) and 1,609 (UK) participants. Engagement differed by country with median days of activity = 2, 6, and 11 for India, South Africa, and UK, respectively. Most surprisingly, participants given a choice of study topics showed lower engagement relative to participants assigned to fixed topics (Hazard Ratio = 0.82).

Conclusions: We observe equal or better engagement compared to previous comparable app-based studies of mental health. While providing participants a choice of study topics showed no advantage in our study, our qualitative analysis of participant feedback provides additional suggestions for improving engagement in future studies.
Near Infrared Spectroscopy: Applications In Pharmaceutical Industry
Authors: George Matilda
Published: August 2023

This work explores the comprehensive development of a near infrared (NIR) spectroscopic analytical technique for high-throughput applications for the determination of pharmaceutical raw materials and excipients in a pharmaceutical formulation. Advancements in the NIR spectrometry as quality and process control tool have been discussed. The applications include analyses of different types of samples, manufacturing and identification of active pharmaceutical ingredients based on specified experimental design. The samples were measured in diffusion or reflectance mode in a fourier-transform NIR spectrometer. Additionally, chemometric software was employed for quantitative interpretation of bands. The spectrometry can be utilized for identification of raw materials, their size, polymorphism and blend homogeneity.
Cytotoxicity Activity of Crude Extract Produced by Marine Isolate (MS19) from Sea Water collected from Bay of Bengal, India
Authors: P Lalitha , P Gayathri , K A Paari
Published: August 2023

Marine microbes comprises approximately a half of the total global biodiversity.  Sea offers an enormous resource for novel bioactive compounds and it has been classified as the largest remaining reservoir of natural molecules to be evaluated for drug activity. Marine bacteria have been received attention of researchers due to their innate potential to produce diverse compounds that attracts biological properties such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. In this study, we reported isolation of 10 strains from sea water and tested them with standard biochemical test and their potential to utilize carbon sugar, to confirm the Actinomycetes character. Among the isolates 10 and 1 was recorded to be gram positive. Carbon utilization test revealed that all the isolates utilized dextrose and none of the isolates utilized ducitol. Strain MS19 a non-motile, catalase positive, oxidase positive, and round shape strain was isolated from sea water of the Bay of Bengal.
Voice Biometric System - Authentication Over the Voice Command from Remote Place - A Case Study
Authors: Hassan Khan M K Amjad , P S Aithal
Published: August 2023

The entire globe has been focused on the security of the data system for the past decade. With every passing day, the requirement to secure virtual data becomes much more difficult. Professionals are exploring towards advanced techniques to secure the access to system infrastructure as the threat to key information such as customer data. Numerous cases are reported daily in which an unauthorized users and fraudsters gained illegal access to system and then used confidential data such as customer information and compromised them. Lakhs of rupees have indeed been lost as a result of this personification, as well as legal issues that are best avoided especially in the banking sector. For a firm, these occurrences frequently result in a decrease in market value and a loss of trust. Passwords, OTPs are no more secure.
Impact of Colours of FMCG Packaging on Consumer buying Behavior
Authors: M C Saraniya , Thaj Husna , Bhide Kaushik , Khadir Fezeena
Published: August 2023

Colour influences human perceptions and invokes feelings and emotions in them. Around the globe, the meaning of colours changes according to cultures, places, traditions and other demographics. Colour preferences develop in humans from a very young age and change with age. Different colours have different emotions associated with them. Warm colours tend to increase arousal than cool colours. Colour is an important factor as far as branding is considered. The packaging colours of products speak for the product itself. Different products have stereotypical colours associated with them. Colours of FMCG product which are mostly bought on impulse based need to call out for customers. In this research, we have studied how colour influences the buying behavior of the consumers. Through this research, the colours tend to influence consumers based on different age groups has also been studied. This study can be used as an essential tool for FMCG businesses to increase the reach of their products among customers.
Assessment of Quality Service in Public Sector Banks: an Empirical Analysis (an Application of Linear Model)
Authors: Raheem A. Abdul
Published: August 2023

Customer service in banks is being talked about everywhere. In various forums, in the press and in conversations, customer service is in the news. Customer's service in banks is a systematic concept. A successful bank of the future will be the one that excels in customer service and provides them a range of service and product and does continues exercise in improving its potential to serve well. The very nature of service marketing requires that service organization should devote more attention on offering efficient service to the Customers. As the service invisible they can gain confidence and good will through efficient and prompt Customer service only. Among the services Public sector Banks play an important role in marketing various types of needs of customers. The public sector banks work on the good will of the customers. The best way of servicing and prospering in the competitive environment is through providing prompt, relevant and efficient customer service at reasonable cost
Work Ethics and Value System - a Fact Finding Study of Corporate Practices
Authors: James Leena , Shelvi Uma
Published: August 2023

The concept of work ethics and value system is a strategic factor which shapes how efficiently the companies do business Ethics in work and value system touches every facet of Human Resource. Efficient incorporation of these concepts optimizes the human capital of the organisation.

In this era of global competition, ethics and value system comes as a survival technique, and this paper is an attempt to publicize the tremendous growth opportunity of it as a sustainabilily technique.

The rapid growth of companies globally, poses numerous puzzles. Why it is occurring, and why do people care about it? This paper proposes an explanation for many of these puzzles in terms of the increasing importance of work ethics and value system in the organizations.
Obesity and osteoarthritis - analysis of relationships in patients undergoing primary hip arthroplasty
Authors: Misiło Adriana , Sosna Monika
Published: August 2023

With attention to the increasing onset of disease, the number of typical diseases of old age is also increasing. Osteoarthritis is one of the most common diseases that affect elderly people. It forces to introduce various methods of treatment, support the improvement of the benefits and quality of life of patients. If the disease is severely advanced, an effective treatment is to replace the joint which is destroy. The results of the study is a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent hip arthroplasty in the first age of 2023.
Does a gluten-free diet result in nutritional deficiencies? – a review of literature
Authors: Świercz Aleksandra , Żurek Urszula , Tołwiński Ignacy , Kędzierska Zofia , Antkowiak Klaudia , Dadas Klaudia , Małachowska Dominika , Ciecierski-Koźlarek Hubert , Shved Kateryna
Published: August 2023

Introduction and purpose:

Gluten-free diet have gained immense popularity in recent years, both as a treatment for coeliac disease and as a lifestyle choice for those who believe it is healthier. However, concerns have been raised about potential nutrient inadequacies resulting from the elimination of gluten-containing grains. The purpose of this review is to assess the state of knowledge regarding the impact of a gluten-free diet on nutritional status.

Materials and methods:

A comprehensive search was conducted using electronic database PubMed to identify relevant studies published between 1999 and 2022. Keywords such as "gluten-free diet" and "nutritional deficiencies" were used in combination with Boolean operators to refine the search.

A brief description of the state of knowledge:

Analysis of studies revealed that individuals adhering to a gluten-free diet may be at risk of nutritional deficiencies including micronutrients such as vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin B complex along with minerals, in particular iron, zinc, calcium, magnesium as well as fibre. Furthermore, higher levels of fat and sugar were observed in the composition of gluten-free products.

Conclusions:

Based on the current body of literature, it is evident that a gluten-free diet results in certain nutritional deficiencies. Individuals following gluten-free diet should be aware of potential risks and take appropriate measures to ensure a well-balanced and nutrient-rich diet. Nutritional guidance should be provided to individuals to address specific nutrient deficiencies associated with a gluten-free diet.
Poisoning and suicide attempts in adolescent girls - a problem we need to be aware of
Authors: Tomkiewicz Maria , Tomkiewicz Maciej , Sosnowska Weronika , Brzozowska Aleksandra , Tchórz Michał , Taracha Kalina , Tkaczyk Rafał , Tomczyk Jakub , Świątek Gabriela
Published: August 2023

Introduction and purpose: Poisoning among children and adolescents is occurring on an ever-increasing scale. Women are particularly susceptible to intentional poisoning, and they predominate in the statistics of self-poisoning. The aim of the study is to analyze cases of poisoning in girls under 18 years of age hospitalized in the Clinical Toxicology and Cardiology Department of the Stefan Cardinal Wyszynski Regional Hospital in Lublin in 2022, taking into account the type of substance ingested, the place of residence of the patients and comorbidities.Material and methods: The study was retrospective in nature. It used the analysis of medical records of 84 cases of intoxication in girls under 18 years of age.Results: During the time period studied, 84 girls aged 13-18 were hospitalized for poisoning. Most of the cases were urban residents (64.3%). The toxic substances causing poisoning were mainly drugs (63.1%), narcotics (17.9%) and ethanol (17.8%). Poisoning of an intentional nature involved 80 (95.2%) cases, 37 (44%) cases were suicide attempts. In 54 (64.3%) cases, the patient was burdened with a mental illness, the most common being depressive disorders. There were no deaths in the study group.Conclusions: Due to the increasing phenomenon of mental disorders, as well as intentional poisoning among adolescent girls, special emphasis should be placed on psychological care, pedagogical care, of girls in adolescence. This is the time when girls have problems with acceptance of their bodies, with acceptance among peers. Parents and teachers should be made aware of this.
Wound packing trainee construction
Authors: Pokora Szymon , Pokora Karolina , Sojka Paweł , Stefanowicz Agata , Pokładnik Dominika , Poloczek Alicja , Szczerba Jakub , Jeleń Katarzyna , Podsiedlik Adam , Popiołek Joanna
Published: August 2023

Haemorrhage is one of the main causes of death in injuries in both civilian and military conditions. Controlling bleeding is the most important task facing the rescuer when helping a casualty. There are many ways to control bleeding, but these methods are often misused. Most of the methods described have their roots in battlefield medicine developed on the basis of experience from armed conflicts. Currently, there is a clear trend towards adapting tactical medicine solutions for civil rescues because they are effective and simple. Increased awareness among civilian rescuers and regular training will hopefully lead to more effective help for injured people. The authors' work focused on the construction of an effective trainer to mimic a hip wound and a practical examination of how training affects the time to stop bleeding using the wound packing technique.
focus on Sjogren’s Dry Eye Disease - pathogenesis, patient management, and new advancements in therapy
Authors: Uram Ewa , Bogacz Rafał , Gaik Magdalena , Magda Inga , Woźniak Justyna , Womperski Karol , Osuch Magdalena
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Sjogren’s syndrome (SS) is a systemic chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease of unknown etiology that primarily affects exocrine glands. Most commonly Sjogren’s syndrome presents with dryness of the mouth and eyes, but it can also affect major organs and systems of the body and increase the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Due to non-specific symptoms that pose diagnostic challenges and a lack of standardized screening tools and classification criteria, the global incidence and prevalence of the disease are hard to evaluate. Studies estimate that Sjogren’s syndrome affects between 400,000 to 3.1 million adults worldwide and most likely is a condition significantly underdiagnosed. 

Aim of the study: Review of current knowledge about Sjogren’s dry eye disease, underlying pathologies, diagnostic problems, and current treatment options with a focus on the most recent advancements in therapy. 

Methods and materials: A review of chosen literature in the PubMed database, MDPI database, and GoogleScholar in the years 2000-2023 was conducted using the following keywords: “Sjogren’s syndrome”, “Sjogren’s syndrome ophthalmology”,  “Sjogren’s dry eye syndrome”, “Sjogren’s syndrome associated dry eye”, “Lymphoma in Sjogren’s syndrome”, “Diagnosing Sjogren’s syndrome dry eye”, “Sjogren’s syndrome epidemiology”.

Results: Sjogren’s syndrome is a far from rare autoimmune disease that affects many organs of the body and can significantly lower quality of life and increase mortality and morbidity. Due to its surreptitious symptom onset, Sjogren’s syndrome is commonly underdiagnosed. New diagnostic and treatment modalities for Sjogren’s syndrome dry eye are on the horizon. 

Conclusions: Standardized, internationally recognized criteria and a high level of clinical suspiciousness are needed for a timely and accurate diagnosis of Sjogren’s syndrome. Quick diagnosis is a significant facilitating factor for maintaining a high quality of life in Sjogren’s syndrome dry eye.
Organization of a sporting event based on the act of December 2nd, 2021 on support for the preparation of the 3rd European Games 2023
Authors: Borek Dominik , Tomanek Mateusz
Published: August 2023

The management of a major sporting event is a multi-faceted issue that involves organizational, legal, social, economic and ethical layers. The article deals with a special sports event - the European Games. It is a multidisciplinary event that has the status of the so-called Continental Games. The competition offers the opportunity to obtain Olympic qualification in certain sports. It is the second such important sports event after EURO 2012 organized on Polish territory (Jankowski 2023). The issue of organizing a large-scale sports event will be presented from the perspective of applying the provisions of the Law of December 2, 2021 on Supporting the Preparation of the Third European Games in 2023. It should be borne in mind that this is a dedicated legal act established by the Polish legislator for the organization of this event. In the pages of this article, I will try to make a preliminary assessment of this document and encourage a broader discussion of the European Games initiative itself. The latter in the international literature is only the backdrop of broader considerations and has not lived to see a serious academic discussion as to its attractiveness and real impact on a given local community and regional development. The research methods used in this study are the dogmatic-egg method, requiring the author to examine the poor views of doctrine to date and analyze the legal regulations on which I have relied in describing the management of a mass sports event such as the European Games. It should be emphasized that this is the third such event in a row, which so far has been mainly organized in urban space-Baku 2015, Minsk 2019. For the first time, the event involves the entire region and tourism promotion that touches not only the main organizing city-Krakow, but also a region like Malopolska. In addition, this is the first time an event of this stature has been organized in a city that is not the capital of a country.
Coexistence of Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B (MEN2B) - a case report
Authors: Kędra Kamila , Bielak Maciej , Michalik Izabela , Zarańska Julia , Aab Arkadiusz , Bielak Karolina
Published: August 2023

Introduction: MEN 2B syndrome is distinguished by the occurrence of medullary thyroid cancer, pheochromocytoma, mucosal neuromas, marfanoid features, and skeletal anomalies, including kyphoscoliosis, joint laxity, pes cavus, and, in a smaller number of cases, slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE).

Case report: We describe a case report of a 15-years-old patient with the diagnosis of the MEN2B syndrome with a rare manifestation of Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE). A 15-year-old female presented to the orthopedics out-patient department (OPD) with complaints of pain around the right hip and knee and walking with a limp for approximately four months. Additionally, the feeling of enlarged thyroid gland was reported. X-ray confirmed the presence of the SCFE, while thyroid biopsy revealed the presence of  medullary thyroid cancer (MTC). Thus, the diagnosis of MEN2B was made.

Conclusion: Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) can occasionally be a manifestation of MEN 2B syndrome. It is important for physicians to be aware of this association, as it can contribute to the early detection of a potentially life-threatening condition.
Conformación informal de barrios en Soacha. Actores, comunidades autoorganizadas y gobernanza
Authors: Botero Ospina María Elena , Noreña Wiswell María Isabel
Published: August 2023

En medio de un contexto de proliferación y persistencia de los asentamientos de conformación informal en Colombia, mediante un recorrido teórico-metodológico, este libro se teje con los hallazgos de tres estudios de caso. Desde el enfoque de los estudios tradicionales, la formación de estos asentamientos se concibe como una consecuencia de la vulnerabilidad socioeconómica de los actores sociales; mientras que en esta propuesta analítica, centrada en la perspectiva situacional, se profundiza en los aspectos decisionales, como el análisis de la relación precio-calidad, la posibilidad de mantener las identidades rurales que viajan con las personas a los centros urbanos, el escape de extensos procesos burocráticos, la posibilidad de generar un patrimonio familiar y la importancia de las redes comunitarias que se generan en estos asentamientos. Los hallazgos invitan al reconocimiento del tejido relacional de estas comunidades, al igual que de sus formas de autoorganización y coproducción, y pretenden aportar a los anaqueles de las políticas de acceso a suelo y vivienda, la gobernanza y la gestión de nuevas formas de habitar los territorios, para garantizar el derecho a la ciudad de manera plural.
Disease Bundling or Specimen Bundling? Cost- and Capacity-Efficient Strategies for Multidisease Testing with Genetic Assays
Authors: Bish Douglas R. , Bish Ebru K. , El Hajj Hussein
Published: August 2023

Problem definition: Infectious disease screening can be expensive and capacity constrained. We develop cost- and capacity-efficient testing designs for multidisease screening, considering (1) multiplexing (disease bundling), where one assay detects multiple diseases using the same specimen (e.g., nasal swabs, blood), and (2) pooling (specimen bundling), where one assay is used on specimens from multiple subjects bundled in a testing pool. A testing design specifies an assay portfolio (mix of single-disease/multiplex assays) and a testing method (pooling/individual testing per assay). Methodology/results: We develop novel models for the nonlinear, combinatorial multidisease testing design problem: a deterministic model and a distribution-free, robust variation, which both generate Pareto frontiers for cost- and capacity-efficient designs. We characterize structural properties of optimal designs, formulate the deterministic counterpart of the robust model, and conduct a case study of respiratory diseases (including coronavirus disease 2019) with overlapping clinical presentation. Managerial implications: Key drivers of optimal designs include the assay cost function, the tester’s preference toward cost versus capacity efficiency, prevalence/coinfection rates, and for the robust model, prevalence uncertainty. When an optimal design uses multiple assays, it does so in conjunction with pooling, and it uses individual testing for at most one assay. Although prevalence uncertainty can be a design hurdle, especially for emerging or seasonal diseases, the integration of multiplexing and pooling, and the ordered partition property of optimal designs (under certain coinfection structures) serve to make the design more structurally robust to uncertainty. The robust model further increases robustness, and it is also practical as it needs only an uncertainty set around each disease prevalence. Our Pareto designs demonstrate the cost versus capacity trade-off and show that multiplexing-only or pooling-only designs need not be on the Pareto frontier. Our case study illustrates the benefits of optimally integrated designs over current practices and indicates a low price of robustness.

Funding: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation [Grant 1761842].

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2022.0296 .
Examining the factors that influence medication administration errors and the reporting of these among mental health nurses in the hospital setting: a systematic review
Authors: Casey Pearl , Mahony James O , Lehane Elaine , McCarthy Suzanne
Published: August 2023

Background/Aims

A medication administration error is defined as ‘any difference between what the patient received or was supposed to receive and what the prescriber intended in the original order’. Medication administration errors are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. They occur frequently in the mental health setting and pose a serious risk of patient harm. The factors leading to medication administration errors in the mental health care setting is under researched and the potential for mental health services to prevent harm from medication administration error is unknown. The aim of this study was to understand factors that influence medication administration errors, and the reporting of these, among mental health nurses in the mental health hospital setting.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (2015) checklist. A total of 3625 studies were identified, nine of which were included for final review. The CINAHL, Cochrane, EMBASE, Medline, Medline Ovid, Psych Info and PubMed databases were searched, as well as grey literature.

Results

Medication administration errors and their reporting are complex, multifaceted and show organisational and individual overlap. Heavy workload, staffing shortages, differing levels of experience, ward dynamics, lack of knowledge, interruptions, communication and patient interaction contributed to the occurrence of medication administration errors. Key factors included rationale on why not to report an error, lack of knowledge regarding how to report, what to report, as well as fear and stigma.

Conclusions

Many factors lead to the occurrence of a medication administration error or why they are not reported. More education is needed to help reduce medication administration errors. Further research may understand the behavioural patterns of mental health nurses and at-risk behaviour. This may help identify adequate interventions to reduce the risk of medication administration errors in this setting.
DUAL MOBILITY IMPLANTS IN HIGH-RISK PATIENTS AND PERIPROSTHETIC FRACTURE: “A PERFECT STORM”
Authors: Jones Stephen , Raj Sunil , Magan Ahmed
Published: August 2023

Dual mobility (DM) is most often used by surgeons to reduce instability in high risk patients. NJR data on DM has not demonstrated a reduction in all cause revision and has reported an increase in revision for peri-prosthetic fracture (PPF). The aim of our study was:

Report outcome of DM used in high-risk patients including non-revision re-operations (dislocation & PPF).

Comparison with conventional bearing THA (cTHA) with local, national and NJR benchmarking data.

Retrospective cohort assessment of falls risk for patients receiving DM.

Prospective F/U of a DM implant since 2016 and enrolled into Beyond Compliance (BC). Primary outcome measure all-cause revision with secondary outcome including any re-operation and Oxford Hip Score (OHS). All patients were risk stratified and considered high risk for instability. Complications were identified via hospital records, clinical coding linkage, NJR and BC. Benchmarking data for comparison was obtained from same data sources we also considered all B type PPF that occurred with cemented polished taper stem (PTS).

159 implants in 154 patients with a mean age 74.0 years and a maximum F/U of 6.7 years. Survivorship for all-cause revision 99.4% (95% CI 96.2–99.8). One femoral only revision. Mean gain in OHS 27.4. Dislocation rate 0.6% with a single event. Patients with a PTS rate of Type B PPF 2.1% requiring revision/fixation. Compared to cTHA this cohort was significantly older (74.0 vs 68.3 years), more co-morbidity (ASA 3 46.5% vs 14.4%) and more non-OA indications (32.4% vs 8.5%). Relative risks for dislocation 0.57 (95%CI 0.08–4.1) and PPF 1.75 (95%CI 0.54–5.72). Every patient had at least one risk factor for falling and >50% of cohort had 4 or more risk factors using NICE tool.

The selective use of DM in high-risk patients can reduce the burden of instability. These individuals are very different to the “average” THA patient. A “perfect storm” is created using a high-risk implant combination (DM & PTS) in high-risk falls risk population. This re-enforces the need to consider all patient and implant factors when deciding bearing selection.
EFFECT OF A LEG LENGTH-EVENING DEVICE ON GAIT NORMALITY WHILE WEARING VACUUM ORTHOSES
Authors: Wendlandt R. , Herchenröder M. , Hinz N. , Freitag M. , Schulz A.-P.
Published: August 2023

Vacuum orthoses are being applied in the care of patients with foot and lower leg conditions, as ankle fractures or sprains. The lower leg is protected and immobilized, which increases mobility. Due to the design, the orthoses lead to a difference in leg length, i.e. the side with the orthosis becomes longer, which changes the gait kinematics. To prevent or mitigate the unfavourable effects of altered gait kinematics, leg length-evening devices (shoe lifts) are offered that are worn under the shoe on the healthy side. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of such a device on the normality of gait kinematics.

Gait analysis was conducted with 63 adult, healthy volunteers having signed an informed consent form that were asked to walk on a treadmill at a speed of 4.5km/h in three different conditions:

barefoot - as reference for establishing the normality score baseline

with a vacuum orthosis (VACOPed, OPED GmbH, Germany) and a sport shoe

with a vacuum orthosis and a shoe lift (EVENup, OPED GmbH, Germany)

Data was sampled using the gait analysis system MCU 200 (LaiTronic GmbH, Austria). The positions of the joint markers were exported from the software and evaluated for the joint angles during the gait cycle using custom software (implemented in DIAdem 2017, National Instruments).

A normality score using a modification of the Gait Profile Score (GPS) was calculated in every 1%-interval of the gait cycle and evaluated with a Wilcoxon signed rank test.

The GPS value was reduced by 0.33° (0.66°) (median and IQR) while wearing the shoe lift. The effect was statistically significant, and very large (W = 1535.00, p < .001; r (rank biserial) = 0.52, 95% CI [0.29, 0.70]).

The significant reduction of the GPS value indicates a more normal gait kinematics while using the leg length-evening device on the contralateral shoe. This rather simple and inexpensive device thus might improve patient comfort and balance while using the vacuum orthoses.
Women Reading and Women Writing and Men Writing Women Who Read and Write: (Re-) Considering Women's Literate Practices and the Ethics of Women's Literacy in Malory's Morte Darthur
Authors: Elmes Melissa Ridley
Published: August 2023

Abstract: Sir Thomas Malory's efforts in his Morte Darthur to represent Queen Gwenyvere and Queen Isode as being no more or less flawed than their male counterparts betray his own ethical uncertainty as author and adapter of his source materials for an audience including women.
Comparison and analysis of the results of measuring chromatic dispersion angles based on the three-hole optical observation method
Authors: Li Yang , Hou Zaihong , Jing Xu , Qin Laian , Cheng Yilun , Wang Gangyu
Published: August 2023

A method of the three-hole optical observation is presented that can measure the chromatic dispersion angle with the advantage of overcoming the influence of out-of-focus images on the measurement results, especially those that are out-of-focus due to the ambient temperature change. This paper uses the refractive index model and the actual meteorological data to calculate the chromatic dispersion angles during the observation period for comparison and analysis to demonstrate the reliability of the optical observation. The optical observation results are generally consistent with the calculated results, but the local distribution is relatively discrete. Additionally, the optics method applies to the observation targets under arbitrary paths in the dynamic atmosphere, and the observed results can better reflect the real atmosphere condition of the chromatic dispersion angle, providing more accurate data for research in related fields.
Intra-block pyramid cross-scale network for thermal radiation effect correction of uncooled infrared images
Authors: Zhou Yixin , Shi Yu , Zhang Yaozong , Hua Xia , Huang Likun , Hong Hanyu
Published: August 2023

Thermal radiation effects can greatly degrade the image quality of uncooled infrared focal plane array detection systems. In this paper, we propose a thermal radiation effect correction network based on intra-block pyramid cross-scale feature extraction and fusion. First, an intra-block pyramid residual attention module is introduced to obtain fine-grained features from long-range IR images by extracting cross-scale local features within the residual block. Second, we propose a cross-scale gated fusion module to efficiently integrate the shallow and abstract features at multiple scales of the encoder and decoder through gated linear units. Finally, to ensure accurate correction of thermal radiation effects, we add double-loss constraints in the spatial–frequency domain and construct a single-input, multi-output network with multiple supervised constraints. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art correction methods in terms of both visual quality and quantitative evaluation metrics.
Self-started Kerr-lens mode-locked thin-disk oscillator
Authors: Yang Tingting , Liu Heyan , Wu Fan , Chen Hongshan , Wang Qing , Wei Zhiyi , Zhang Jinwei
Published: August 2023

Kerr-lens mode-locking (KLM) has been widely used in thin-disk oscillators to generate high-power femtosecond pulses. Here we demonstrate a Kerr-lens mode-locked Yb:YAG thin-disk oscillator that can be self-started under two configurations. The first can deliver 13-W, 235-fs pulses at a repetition rate of 103 MHz; the second delivers 49 W at a repetition rate of 46.5 MHz, whose corresponding pulse energy of 1.05 µJ is, to the best of our knowledge, the highest energy ever obtained in self-started Kerr-lens mode-locked oscillators. A new method to initiate KLM in the form of optical perturbation in a thin-disk oscillator has also been demonstrated.
Spiking ruby revisited: self-induced periodic spiking oscillations leading to chaotic state in a Cr:Al2O3 laser with cw 532-nm pumping
Authors: Otsuka Kenju , Sudo Seiichi
Published: August 2023

This paper reexamines a 60-year-old mystery of spiking behavior in ruby lasers with a cw 532-nm pump, paying special attention to mode matching between the pump and lasing beam within a ruby crystal placed in a semi-confocal laser cavity. Periodic spiking oscillations were observed in a limited pump power regime, where spikes obeying the generic asymmetric hyperbolic function appeared at a repetition rate around 50 kHz and with a 130-150 ns width and 0.1-0.6 µJ energy depending on the pump power. The physics of the spiking behavior based on Kleinman’s mechanical approach and a plausible interpretation for the periodic spiking oscillation in terms of self-induced mode matching between the pump and laser beams through the self-induced Kerr-lens effect are addressed. The statistical nature inherent to spiking and the associated self-organized critical behavior in the quasi-periodic spiking oscillations as well as chaotic states occurring outside the periodic spiking regime are clarified from a nonlinear dynamics point of view and intriguing statistical properties inherent to chaotic oscillations in usual solid-state lasers subjected to external modulations are shown to be present in the self-induced instabilities of the ruby laser
Quasi phase matching using frozen waves without periodic poling
Authors: Alghannam Fahad
Published: August 2023

In this article, we show that quasi-phase matching can be accomplished by manipulating one of the pump beams without any periodic poling. We analyze the simple case where one of the interacting beams have a periodic pattern and the others are assumed to be plane waves. We present comparisons of the efficiency of some nonlinear processes with quasi-phase matching achieved through our method and the conventional method. We demonstrate that some patterns of the pump beam can be more efficient than conventional periodic poling.
Reflection sensitivity of dual-state quantum dot lasers
Authors: Jin Zhiyong , Huang Heming , Zhou Yueguang , Zhao Shiyuan , Ding Shihao , Wang Cheng , Yao Yong , Xu Xiaochuan , Grillot Frédéric , Duan Jianan
Published: August 2023

This work experimentally and theoretically demonstrates the effect of excited state lasing on the reflection sensitivity of dual-state quantum dot lasers, showing that the laser exhibits higher sensitivity to external optical feedback when reaching the excited state lasing threshold. This sensitivity can be degraded by increasing the excited-to-ground-state energy separation, which results in a high excited-to-ground-state threshold ratio. In addition, the occurrence of excited state lasing decreases the damping factor and increases the linewidth enhancement factor, which leads to a low critical feedback level. These findings illuminate a path to fabricate reflection-insensitive quantum dot lasers for isolator-free photonic integrated circuits.
Solution-processed halide perovskite microcavity exciton-polariton light-emitting diodes working at room temperature
Authors: Liu Tianyu , Ran Peng , Su Yirong , Chen Zeng , Lai Renchen , Shen Weidong , Ma Yaoguang , Zhu Haiming , Yang Yang (Michael)
Published: August 2023

Exciton-polaritons offer the potential to achieve electrically pumped perovskite polariton lasers with much lower current thresholds than conventional photonic lasers. While optically pumped exciton-polaritons have been widely studied in halide perovskites, electrically-pumped polaritons remain limited. In this study, we demonstrate the use of a solution-processing strategy to develop halide perovskite polariton light-emitting diodes (LEDs) that operate at room temperature. The strong coupling of excitons and cavity photons is confirmed through the dispersion relation from angle-resolved reflectivity, with a Rabi splitting energy of 64 meV. Our devices exhibit angle-resolved electroluminescence following the low polariton branch and achieve external quantum efficiencies of 1.7%, 3.85%, and 3.7% for detunings of 1.1, −77, and −128  meV, respectively. We also explore devices with higher efficiency of 5.37% and a narrower spectral bandwidth of 6.5 nm through the optimization of a top emitting electrode. Our work demonstrates, to our knowledge, the first room-temperature perovskite polariton LED with a typical vertical geometry and represents a significant step towards realizing electrically pumped perovskite polariton lasers.
Analytical and diagnostic performance characteristics of reverse-transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification assays for dengue virus serotypes 1–4: A scoping review to inform potential use in portable molecular diagnostic devices
Authors: Arkell Paul , Mairiang Dumrong , Songjaeng Adisak , Malpartida-Cardenas Kenny , Hill-Cawthorne Kerri , Avirutnan Panisadee , Georgiou Pantelis , Holmes Alison , Rodriguez-Manzano Jesus
Published: August 2023

Dengue is a mosquito-borne disease caused by dengue virus (DENV) serotypes 1–4 which affects 100–400 million adults and children each year. Reverse-transcriptase (RT) quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays are the current gold-standard in diagnosis and serotyping of infections, but their use in low-middle income countries (LMICs) has been limited by laboratory infrastructure requirements. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assays do not require thermocycling equipment and therefore could potentially be deployed outside laboratories and/or miniaturised. This scoping literature review aimed to describe the analytical and diagnostic performance characteristics of previously developed serotype-specific dengue RT-LAMP assays and evaluate potential for use in portable molecular diagnostic devices. A literature search in Medline was conducted. Studies were included if they were listed before 4th May 2022 (no prior time limit set) and described the development of any serotype-specific DENV RT-LAMP assay (‘original assays’) or described the further evaluation, adaption or implementation of these assays. Technical features, analytical and diagnostic performance characteristics were collected for each assay. Eight original assays were identified. These were heterogenous in design and reporting. Assays’ lower limit of detection (LLOD) and linear range of quantification were comparable to RT-qPCR (with lowest reported values 2.2x101 and 1.98x102 copies/ml, respectively, for studies which quantified target RNA copies) and analytical specificity was high. When evaluated, diagnostic performance was also high, though reference diagnostic criteria varied widely, prohibiting comparison between assays. Fourteen studies using previously described assays were identified, including those where reagents were lyophilised or ‘printed’ into microfluidic channels and where several novel detection methods were used. Serotype-specific DENV RT-LAMP assays are high-performing and have potential to be used in portable molecular diagnostic devices if they can be integrated with sample extraction and detection methods. Standardised reporting of assay validation and diagnostic accuracy studies would be beneficial.
Design and field evaluation of a lateral flow cassette device for point-of-care bilirubin measurement
Authors: Shapiro Alyssa , Mtenthaonga Prince , Mjumira Rowland , Reuben Margaret , Samuel Ayodele , Bond Meaghan , Carns Jennifer , Schwarz Richard , Johnston Ryan , Mangwiro Lucky , Odedere Opeyemi , Miros Robert , McHugh Sean , Kawaza Kondwani , Dube Queen , Ezeaka Chinyere , Richards-Kortum Rebecca
Published: August 2023

Neonatal jaundice is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and neonates born in low and middle-income countries bear a disproportionate burden. We previously developed a low-cost, point-of-care system to measure total serum bilirubin (TSB) in neonates. This device was effective at detecting and monitoring jaundice; however, the disposable strips were difficult to produce at scale. Here, we report a new lateral flow cassette design, called BiliDx, that was produced at scale using traditional manufacturing techniques. We evaluated the performance of BiliDx at sites in Nigeria and Malawi. The lateral flow strip consists of plasma separation membranes, nitrocellulose, and a plastic cassette. We evaluated the performance of the strips and reader at two hospitals located in Nigeria and Malawi compared to reference standard TSB. We also assessed performance for samples with high direct bilirubin (DB) and high hematocrit (HCT). We collected 1,144 samples from 758 neonates (TSB ranged from 0.2 to 45.9 mg/dL). The mean bias of BiliDx measurements in the validation set was +0.75 mg/dL, and 95% limits of agreement were -2.57 to 4.07 mg/dL. The mean bias and limits of agreement were comparable for samples with HCT < 60% and HCT ≥ 60%, and for samples with low and intermediate DB levels; the samples with high DB levels had wider 95% limits of agreement (-4.50 to +3.03 mg/dL). Error grid analysis shows that 96.9% of samples measured with BiliDx would have resulted in the same clinical decision as the reference standard. This performance is comparable to previous results that used a handmade two-dimensional strip. Additionally, error grid analysis shows that all 20 samples with high DB levels would have resulted in the same clinical decision as the reference standard. This evaluation supports the use of BiliDx lateral flow cassettes to provide accurate point-of-care measurements in low-resource settings.