bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A systematic review of the single-stage treatment of chronic osteomyelitis
Authors: Pincher Bethan , Fenton Carl , Jeyapalan Rathan , Barlow Gavin , Sharma Hemant K.
Published: November 2019

Background

Despite advances in surgery, the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis remains complex and is often associated with a significant financial burden to healthcare systems. The aim of this systematic review was to identify the different single-stage procedures that have been used to treat adult chronic osteomyelitis and to evaluate their effectiveness.

Methods

Ovid Medline and Embase databases were searched for articles on the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis over the last 20 years. A total of 3511 journal abstracts were screened by 3 independent reviewers. Following exclusion of paediatric subjects, animal models, non-bacterial osteomyelitis and patients undergoing multiple surgical procedures, we identified 13 studies reported in English with a minimum follow-up period of 12 months. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed for all studies. Non-recurrence was defined as resolution of pain without recurrence of sinuses or need for a second procedure to treat infection within the described follow-up period.

Results

A total of 505 patients with chronic osteomyelitis underwent attempted single-stage procedures. Following debridement, a range of techniques have been described to eliminate residual dead space including biologic and non-biologic approaches. These include musculocutaneous flaps, insertion of S53P4 glass beads or packing with antibiotic-loaded ceramic or calcium-sulphate pellets. The average follow-up ranged from 12 to 110 months. The most common organism isolated wasStaphylococcus aureus(35.2%). Non-recurrence ranged from 0 to 100%. Debridement alone was statistically significantly inferior to approaches that included dead space management (54.5% versus 90% non-recurrence). Biologic and non-biologic approaches to dead space management were comparable (89.8% versus 94.2% non-recurrence).

Conclusion

A wide range of single-stage procedures have been performed for the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis. In general, studies were small and observational with various reporting deficiencies. No one dead space management technique appears to be superior, but debridement alone that leaves residual dead space should be avoided.
Upregulation of microRNA-23b-3p induced by farnesoid X receptor regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of osteosarcoma cells
Authors: Wu Bin , Xing Chengjuan , Tao Juan
Published: November 2019

Background

The downstream targets of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) such as miRNAs have a potent effect on the progression of many types of cancer. We aim to study the effects of FXR on osteosarcoma (OS) development and the potential role of microRNA-23b-3p.

Methods

The expressions of FXR and miR-23b-3p in normal osteoblasts and five osteosarcoma cell lines were measured. Their correlations were analyzed by Pearson’s test and verified by the introduction of FXR agonist, GW4064. TargetScan predicted that cyclin G1 (CCNG1) was a target for miR-23b-3p. The transfection of FXR siRNA was performed to confirm the correlation between FXR and miR-23b-3p. We further transfected miR-23b-3p inhibitor into MG-63 cells, and the transfected cells were treated with 5 μM GW4064 for 48 h. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) and Western blot were performed for expression analysis. Cell proliferation, cell apoptosis rate, and cell cycle distribution were assessed by clone formation assay and flow cytometry.

Results

Scatter plot showed a positive correlation between FXR and miR-23b-3p (Pearson’s coefficient test R2 = 1.00, P = 0.0028). As CCNG1 is a target for miR-23b-3p, the treatment of GW4064 induced the downregulation of CCNG1 through upregulating miR-23b-3p. The inhibition of miR-23b-3p obviously promoted cell viability, proliferation, and cell cycle progression but reduced apoptosis rate of MG-63 cells; however, the treatment of GW4064 could partially reverse the effects of the inhibition of miR-23b-3p on OS cells.

Conclusions

Upregulated FXR by GW4064 can obviously suppress OS cell development, and the suppressive effects may rely on miR-23b-3p/CCNG1 pathway.
New insights on congenital pulmonary airways malformations revealed by proteomic analyses
Authors: Barazzone-Argiroffo C. , Lascano Maillard J. , Vidal I. , Bochaton-Piallat M. L. , Blaskovic S. , Donati Y. , Wildhaber B. E. , Rougemont A.-L. , Delacourt C. , Ruchonnet-Métrailler I.
Published: November 2019

Background

Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation (CPAM) has an estimated prevalence between 0.87 and 1.02/10,000 live births and little is know about their pathogenesis. To improve our knowledge on these rare malformations, we analyzed the cellular origin of the two most frequent CPAM, CPAM types 1 and 2, and compared these malformations with adjacent healthy lung and human fetal lungs.

Methods

We prospectively enrolled 21 infants undergoing surgical resection for CPAM. Human fetal lung samples were collected after termination of pregnancy. Immunohistochemistry and proteomic analysis were performed on laser microdissected samples.

Results

CPAM 1 and 2 express mostly bronchial markers, such as cytokeratin 17 (Krt17) or α-smooth muscle actin (ACTA 2). CPAM 1 also expresses alveolar type II epithelial cell markers (SPC). Proteomic analysis on microlaser dissected epithelium confirmed these results and showed distinct protein profiles, CPAM 1 being more heterogeneous and displaying some similarities with fetal bronchi.

Conclusion

This study provides new insights in CPAM etiology, showing clear distinction between CPAM types 1 and 2, by immunohistochemistry and proteomics. This suggests that CPAM 1 and CPAM 2 might occur at different stages of lung branching. Finally, the comparison between fetal lung structures and CPAMs shows clearly different protein profiles, thereby arguing against a developmental arrest in a localized part of the lung.
Real-time analysis of ATP concentration in acupoints during acupuncture: a new technique combining microdialysis with patch clamp
Authors: Wu Yong , Huang Meng , Xia Ying , Ding Guanghong
Published: November 2019

This paper introduces a new technique combining microdialysis with patch clamp to detect the changes in ATP (adenosine triphosphate) concentration in acupoints during acupuncture. The microdialysis probe was implanted into the Zusanli acupoint (ST 36) of adult SD (Sprague Dawley) rats to sample acupoint fluid containing ATP released during acupuncture. Then, the fluid with ATP was delivered in real time to 293 T cells overexpressing P2X3 receptors, with which we could carry out patch clamp experiments. The results showed that changes in membrane currents could reflect changes in the concentration of ATP. Thus, we can successfully detect ATP released in acupoints during acupuncture in real time. This technique provides us with a new way to study the mechanism of acupuncture signal initiation.
TRIal to slow the Progression Of Diabetes (TRIPOD): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial using wireless technology and incentives
Authors: Lim Robyn Su May , Gardner Daphne Su Lyn , Bee Yong Mong , Cheung Yin Bun , Bairavi Joann , Gandhi Mihir , Goh Su-Yen , Ho Emily Tse Lin , Lin Xinyi , Tan Ngiap Chuan , Tay Tunn Lin , Finkelstein Eric Andrew
Published: November 2019

Background

The outcomes for those with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Singapore are poor. In this TRIal to slow the Progression Of Diabetes (TRIPOD), we will evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a comprehensive diabetes management package (DMP), with or without a financial incentives program, M-POWER Rewards, in efforts to improve HbA1c levels for individuals with T2DM.

Methods/design

TRIPOD is a randomized, open-label, controlled, multi-center, superiority trial with three parallel arms: (1) usual care only, (2) usual care with DMP, and (3) usual care with DMP plus M-POWER Rewards. A total of 339 adults with sub-optimally controlled T2DM (self-reported HbA1c 7.5–11.0%) will be block randomized according to a 1:1:1 allocation ratio to the three arms. The primary outcome is mean change in HbA1c level at Month 12 from baseline. Secondary outcomes include mean change in HbA1c level at Months 6, 18, and 24; mean changes at Months 6, 12, 18, and 24 in weight, blood pressure, and self-reported physical activity, weight monitoring, blood glucose monitoring, medication adherence, diabetes self-management, sleep quality, work productivity and daily activity impairment, and health utility index; and proportion of participants initiating insulin treatment by Months 6, 12, 18, and 24. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios will be computed based on costs per improvement in HbA1c at Month 12 and converted to cost per quality-adjusted life year gained.

Discussion

The TRIPOD study will present insights about the long-term cost-effectiveness and financial viability of the interventions and the potential for integrating within usual care.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03800680. Registered on 11 January 2019.
Examining the effectiveness of general practitioner and nurse promotion of electronic cigarettes versus standard care for smoking reduction and abstinence in hardcore smokers with smoking-related chronic disease: protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Begh Rachna , Coleman Tim , Yardley Lucy , Barnes Rebecca , Naughton Felix , Gilbert Hazel , Ferrey Anne , Madigan Claire , Williams Nicola , Hamilton Louisa , Warren Yolanda , Grabey Jenna , Clark Miranda , Dickinson Anne , Aveyard Paul
Published: November 2019

Background

Despite the clear harm associated with smoking tobacco, many people with smoking-related chronic diseases or serious mental illnesses (SMI) are unwilling or unable to stop smoking. In many cases, these smokers have tried and exhausted all methods to stop smoking and yet clinicians are repeatedly mandated to offer them during routine consultations. Providing nicotine through electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) may reduce the adverse health consequences associated with tobacco smoking, but these are not currently offered. The aim of this study is to examine the feasibility, acceptability and effectiveness of general practitioners (GPs) and nurses delivering a brief advice intervention on e-cigarettes and offering an e-cigarette starter pack and patient support resources compared with standard care in smokers with smoking-related chronic diseases or SMI who are unwilling to stop smoking.

Methods/design

This is an individually randomised, blinded, two-arm trial. Smokers with a smoking-related chronic condition or SMI with no intention of stopping smoking will be recruited through primary care registers. Eligible participants will be randomised to one of two groups if they decline standard care for stopping smoking: a control group who will receive no additional support beyond standard care; or an intervention group who will receive GP or nurse-led brief advice about e-cigarettes, an e-cigarette starter pack with accompanying practical support booklet, and telephone support from experienced vapers and online video tutorials. The primary outcome measures will be smoking reduction, measured through changes in cigarettes per day and 7-day point-prevalence abstinence at 2 months. Secondary outcomes include smoking reduction, 7-day point-prevalence abstinence and prolonged abstinence at 8 months. Other outcomes include patient recruitment and follow-up, patient uptake and use of e-cigarettes, nicotine intake, contamination of randomisation and practitioner adherence to the delivery of the intervention. Qualitative interviews will be conducted in a subsample of practitioners, patients and the vape team to garner their reactions to the programme.

Discussion

This is the first randomised controlled trial to investigate whether e-cigarette provision alongside a brief intervention delivered by practitioners leads to reduced smoking and abstinence among smokers with smoking-related chronic diseases or SMI.

Trial registration

ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN59404712. Registered 28/11/17.
An adaptive retransmit mechanism for delay differentiated services in industrial WSNs
Authors: Chen Ye , Liu Wei , Wang Tian , Deng Qingyong , Liu Anfeng , Song Houbing
Published: November 2019

The Internet of Things (IoT) is the latest Internet development, with billions of Internet-connected devices and a wide range of industrial applications. Wireless sensor networks are an important part of the Internet of Things. It has received extensive attention from researchers due to its large-scale, self-organizing, and dynamic characteristics and has been widely used in industry, traffic information, military, environmental monitoring, and so on. With the development of microprocessor technology, sensor nodes are becoming more and more powerful, which enables the same wireless sensor networks (WSNs) platform to meet the different quality of service (QoS) requirements of many applications. Applications for industrial wireless sensor networks range from lower physical layers to higher application layers. The same wireless sensor network sometimes needs to process information from different layers. Traditional protocols lack differentiated services and cannot make full use of network resources. In this paper, an Adaptive Retransmit Mechanism for Delay Differentiated Services (ARM-DDS) scheme is proposed to meet different levels of delays of applications. Firstly, we analyze the impact of different retransmit mechanisms and parameter optimization on delays and energy consumption. Based on the results of the analysis, in ARM-DDS scheme, for routes with transmission delay tolerance, energy-saving retransmission mechanisms are used, and low-latency retransmission mechanisms are used for latency-sensitive routes. In this way, the data routing delays of different applications are guaranteed within bound and the energy consumption of the network is reduced. What is more, ARM-DDS scheme makes full use of the residual energy of the network and uses a small delay routing retransmit mechanism in the far-sink area to reduce end-to-end delay. Both theoretical analysis and simulation experiments show that under the premise of the same reliability requirements, ARM-DDS scheme reduces data transmission delay 12.1% and improves network energy utilization 28%. Given that the reliability requirements of the data stream are different, the scheme can also extend the network lifetime.
Recruitment and retention of fathers with young children in early childhood health intervention research: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Authors: Keys Elizabeth M. , Norris Jill M. , Cameron Emily E. , Bright Katherine S. , Tomfohr-Madsen Lianne M. , Benzies Karen M.
Published: December 2019

Background

Fathers are under-represented in research and programs addressing early childhood health and development. Recruiting fathers into these interventions can be hampered for multiple reasons, including recruitment and retention strategies that are not tailored for fathers. The primary aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to determine the effectiveness of recruitment and retention strategies used to include fathers of children (from conception to age 36 months) in intervention studies. The secondary aim is to investigate study-level factors that may influence recruitment and retention.

Methods

We will conduct searches for scholarly peer-reviewed randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental studies, and pre-post studies that recruited fathers using the following databases: MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), and CINAHL. English-language articles will be eligible if they recruited self-identified fathers of children from conception to age 36 months for health-promoting interventions that target healthy parents and children. Two reviewers will independently screen titles/abstracts and full texts for inclusion, as well as grading methodological quality. Recruitment and retention proportions will be calculated for each study. Where possible, we will calculate pooled proportional effects with 95% confidence intervals using random-effects models and conduct a meta-regression to examine the impact of potential modifiers of recruitment and retention.

Discussion

Findings from this review will help inform future intervention research with fathers to optimally recruit and retain participants. Identifying key factors should enable health researchers and program managers design and adapt interventions to increase the likelihood of increasing father engagement in early childhood health interventions. Researchers will be able to use this review to inform future research that addresses current evidence gaps for the recruitment and retention of fathers. This review will make recommendations for addressing key target areas to improve recruitment and retention of fathers in early childhood health research, ultimately leading to a body of evidence that captures the full potential of fathers for maximizing the health and wellbeing of their children.

Systematic review registration

PROSPEROCRD42018081332.
On implicit impulsive Langevin equation involving mixed order derivatives
Authors: Zada Akbar , Rizwan Rizwan , Xu Jiafa , Fu Zhengqing
Published: November 2019

In this paper, we consider a nonlocal boundary value problem of nonlinear implicit impulsive Langevin equation involving mixed order derivatives. Sufficient conditions are constructed to discuss the qualitative properties like existence and Ulam’s stability of the proposed problem. The main result is verified by an example.
Low-level retention forestry, certification, and biodiversity: case Finland
Authors: Kuuluvainen Timo , Lindberg Henrik , Vanha-Majamaa Ilkka , Keto-Tokoi Petri , Punttila Pekka
Published: December 2019

In managed forests, leaving retention trees during final harvesting has globally become a common approach to reconciling the often conflicting goals of timber production and safeguarding biodiversity and delivery of several ecosystem services. In Finland, the dominant certification scheme requires leaving low levels of retention that can benefit some specific species. However, species responses are dependent on the level of retention and the current low amounts of retention clearly do not provide the habitat quality and continuity needed for declining and red-listed forest species which are dependent on old living trees and coarse woody debris. Several factors contribute to this situation. First, the ecological benefits of the current low retention levels are further diminished by monotonous standwise use of retention, resulting in low variability of retention habitat at the landscape scale. Second, the prevailing timber-oriented management thinking may regard retention trees as an external cost to be minimized, rather than as part of an integrated approach to managing the ecosystem for specific goals. Third, the main obstacles of development may still be institutional and policy-related. The development of retention practices in Finland indicates that the aim has not been to use ecological understanding to attain specific ecological sustainability goals, but rather to define the lowest level of retention that still allows access to the market. We conclude that prevailing retention practices in Finland currently lack ecological credibility in safeguarding biodiversity and they should urgently be developed based on current scientific knowledge to meet ecological sustainability goals.
Hand hygiene – social network analysis of peer-identified and management-selected change agents
Authors: Lee Yew Fong , McLaws Mary-Louise , Ong Loke Meng , Amir Husin Suraya , Chua Hock Hin , Wong See Yin , Pittet Didier , Zingg Walter
Published: November 2019

Background

Hand hygiene compliance can be improved by strategies fostering collaborative efforts among healthcare workers (HCWs) through change agents. However, there is limited information about how change agents shape the social networks of work teams, and how this relates to organisational culture. The objectives of this study were to describe the influence of peer-identified change agents (PICAs) and management-selected change agents (MSCAs) on hand hygiene, perception of their leadership style by peers, and the role of the organisational culture in the process of hand hygiene promotion.

Methods

This study, stratified in pre-, during, and post-intervention periods, was conducted between February 2017 and March 2018 in two wards at a tertiary care hospital in Malaysia. Hand hygiene promotion was facilitated either by PICAs (study arm 1) or MSCAs (study arm 2), and the two wards were randomly allocated to one of the two interventions. Outcomes were: 1) perceived leadership styles of PICAs and MSCAs by staff, vocalised during question and answer sessions; 2) the social network connectedness and communication patterns between HCWs and change agents by applying social network analysis; and 3) hand hygiene leadership attributes obtained from HCWs in the post-intervention period by questionnaires.

Results

Hand hygiene compliance in study arm 1 and study arm 2 improved by from 48% (95% CI: 44–53%) to 66% (63–69%), and from 50% (44–55%) to 65% (60–69%), respectively. There was no significant difference between the two arms. Healthcare workers perceived that PICAs lead by example, while MSCAs applied an authoritarian top-down leadership style. The organisational culture of both wards was hierarchical, with little social interaction, but strong team cohesion. Position and networks of both PICAs and MSCAs were similar and generally weaker compared to the leaders who were nominated by HCWs in the post-intervention period. Healthcare workers on both wards perceived authoritative leadership to be the most desirable attribute for hand hygiene improvement.

Conclusion

Despite experiencing successful hand hygiene improvement from PICAs, HCWs expressed a preference for the existing top-down leadership structure. This highlights the limits of applying leadership models that are not supported by the local organisational culture.
Complete atrioventricular block due to timolol eye drops: a case report and literature review
Authors: Wang Zhuoying , Denys Ian , Chen Feng , Cai Lijie , Wang Xuecui , Kapusta Daniel R. , Lv Yongliang , Gao Juan
Published: December 2019

Background

Timolol Maleate is a non-selective beta-adrenergic blocker that is commonly used to treat open-angle glaucoma. Despite its topical administration, ophthalmic timolol enters systemic circulation and produces a systemic beta-adrenergic blockade. We report a case of long-term timolol use that uncovered and worsened an underlying cardiac conduction defect demonstrated as a third degree atrioventricular (AV) block.

Case presentation

A 62-year old male with a 13-year history of glaucoma was hospitalized due to shortness of breath, dizziness, and amaurosis. Electrocardiography indicated a heart rate (HR) of 29 bpm with complete atrioventricular (AV) block, and the HR was significantly increased with the treatment of isoprenaline. However, the patient experienced bradycardic episodes (− 20 Δbpm) immediately after self-administration of timolol eye drops. The AV block and bradycardia resolved 48-h after timolol cessation. The man was discharged 1 week later with an asymptomatic first-degree A-V block. However, he presented with a worsened A-V block at his one-year checkup.

Conclusion

We conclude that chronic topical timolol administration may aggravate a cardiac conduction defect leading to an AV block that is only temporarily resolved by timolol cessation. Patients taking timolol should be routinely monitored for cardiovascular aberrations and if any detected, immediately discontinue timolol therapy. Individuals experiencing timolol induced cardiovascular side effects should receive long term follow-up even if symptoms resolve, as they may be indicative of an underlying conduction defect.
Borderline personality disorder diagnosis in a new key
Authors: Mulay Abby L. , Waugh Mark H. , Fillauer J. Parks , Bender Donna S. , Bram Anthony , Cain Nicole M. , Caligor Eve , Forbes Miriam K. , Goodrich Laurel B. , Kamphuis Jan H. , Keeley Jared W. , Krueger Robert F. , Kurtz John E. , Jacobsson Peter , Lewis Katie C. , Rossi Gina M. P. , Ridenour Jeremy M. , Roche Michael , Sellbom Martin , Sharp Carla , Skodol Andrew E.
Published: December 2019

Background

Conceptualizations of personality disorders (PD) are increasingly moving towards dimensional approaches. The definition and assessment of borderline personality disorder (BPD) in regard to changes in nosology are of great importance to theory and practice as well as consumers. We studied empirical connections between the traditional DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for BPD and Criteria A and B of the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD).

Method

Raters of varied professional backgrounds possessing substantial knowledge of PDs (N = 20) characterized BPD criteria with the four domains of the Level of Personality Functioning Scale (LPFS) and 25 pathological personality trait facets. Mean AMPD values of each BPD criterion were used to support a nosological cross-walk of the individual BPD criteria and study various combinations of BPD criteria in their AMPD translation. The grand mean AMPD profile generated from the experts was compared to published BPD prototypes that used AMPD trait ratings and the DSM-5-III hybrid categorical-dimensional algorithm for BPD. Divergent comparisons with DSM-5-III algorithms for other PDs and other published PD prototypes were also examined.

Results

Inter-rater reliability analyses showed generally robust agreement. The AMPD profile for BPD criteria rated by individual BPD criteria was not isomorphic with whole-person ratings of BPD, although they were highly correlated. Various AMPD profiles for BPD were generated from theoretically relevant but differing configurations of BPD criteria. These AMPD profiles were highly correlated and showed meaningful divergence from non-BPD DSM-5-III algorithms and other PD prototypes.

Conclusions

Results show that traditional DSM BPD diagnosis reflects a common core of PD severity, largely composed of LPFS and the pathological traits of anxiousness, depressively, emotional lability, and impulsivity. Results confirm the traditional DSM criterion-based BPD diagnosis can be reliably cross-walked with the full AMPD scheme, and both approaches share substantial construct overlap. This relative equivalence suggests the vast clinical and research literatures associated with BPD may be brought forward with DSM-5-III diagnosis of BPD.
Early management of sepsis in medical patients in rural Thailand: a single-center prospective observational study
Authors: Rudd Kristina E. , Hantrakun Viriya , Somayaji Ranjani , Booraphun Suchart , Boonsri Chaiyaporn , Fitzpatrick Annette L. , Day Nicholas P. J. , Teparrukkul Prapit , Limmathurotsakul Direk , West T. Eoin
Published: December 2019

Background

The burden of sepsis is highest in low- and middle-income countries, though the management of sepsis in these settings is poorly characterized. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the early management of sepsis in Thailand.

Methods

Pre-planned analysis of the Ubon-sepsis study, a single-center prospective cohort study of Thai adults admitted to the general medical wards and medical intensive care units (ICUs) of a regional referral hospital with community-acquired sepsis.

Results

Between March 2013 and January 2017, 3,716 patients with sepsis were enrolled. The median age was 59 years (IQR 44-72, range 18-101), 58% were male, and 88% were transferred from other hospitals. Eighty-six percent of patients (N = 3,206) were evaluated in the Emergency Department (ED), where median length of stay was less than 1 hour. Within the first day of admission, most patients (83%, N = 3,089) were admitted to the general medical wards, while 17% were admitted to the ICUs. Patients admitted to the ICUs had similar age, gender, and comorbidities, but had more organ dysfunction and were more likely to receive measured sepsis management interventions. Overall, 84% (N = 3,136) had blood cultures ordered and 89% (N = 3,308) received antibiotics within the first day of hospital admission. Among the 3,089 patients admitted to the general medical wards, 38% (N = 1,165) received an adrenergic agent, and 21% (N = 650) received invasive mechanical ventilation. Overall mortality at 28 days was 21% (765/3,716), and 28-day mortality in patients admitted to the ICUs was higher than that in patients admitted to the general medical wards within the first day (42% [263/627] vs. 16% [502/3,089], p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Sepsis in a regional referral hospital in rural Thailand, where some critical care resources are limited, is commonly managed on general medical wards despite high rates of respiratory failure and shock. Enhancing sepsis care in the ED and general wards, as well as improving access to ICUs, may be beneficial in reducing mortality.

Trial registration

The Ubon-sepsis study was registered on clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02217592).
Test-retest reliability, internal consistency, construct validity and factor structure of a falls risk perception questionnaire in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Gravesande Janelle , Richardson Julie , Griffith Lauren , Scott Fran
Published: December 2019

Background

Older adults with type 2 diabetes (DM2) are at increased risk of falling due to complications including: diabetic peripheral neuropathy, diabetic retinopathy, autonomic neuropathy and diabetic foot ulcers. The purpose of this study was to determine the test-retest reliability, internal consistency, construct validity and to perform factor analysis of a new falls Risk Perception Questionnaire (RPQ) in older community-dwelling adults with DM2.

Methods

A prospective cohort of 30 community-dwelling older adults, ≥ 55 years, with DM2 was assembled. At baseline, perceived risk of falling, fear of falling and physical activity were measured. At time 2 (T2), at least 2 days later, perceived risk of falling was assessed again to determine the test-retest reliability of the RPQ. At time 3 (T3), approximately six weeks later, and time 4 (T4), at least 2 days after T3, perceived risk of falling was assessed by phone to determine the test-retest reliability of the RPQ when administered by phone.

Results

The RPQ demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability when delivered in person (ICC = 0.78, 95% Confidence Interval, CI: 0.59–0.89) and by phone (ICC = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.65–0.91), good internal consistency (α = 0.78) and adequate construct validity (r = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.20–0.74, p = 0.003) in older adults with DM2.

Conclusion

Given the good psychometric properties in this sample of persons with Diabetes, the RPQ has the potential to be used in clinical practice as a risk assessment and fall prevention tool. However, further testing needs to be done using a larger sample.
Zinc and boron co-doped nanotitania with enhanced photocatalytic degradation of Acid Red 6A under visible light irradiation
Authors: Mulpuri Ravi Kumar , Tirukkovalluri Siva Rao , Imandi Manga Raju , Alim Shaik Abdul , Kapuganti Venkata Divya Lakshmi
Published: November 2019

The present investigation summarizes the synthesis and characterization of zinc and boron co-doped TiO2 nano catalyst by sol gel method at relatively low temperature and explored the optimum reaction parameters for the degradation of Acid Red 6A (AR 6A) under visible light irradiation. The structural, morphological, surface properties of the synthesized photocatalysts were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, UV-Vis-Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy, X-ray Photo Electron Spectroscopy and Fourier Transform-Infra Red Spectroscopy. The findings of the characterization results revealed that Zn2+ ion was substitutionally doped into TiO2 lattice by replacing Ti4+ ion and a part of the boron substituted the oxygen in TiO2 lattice and the remaining amount was converted to B2O3 due to calcinations at 450 °C. The degradation of AR 6A was achieved at optimum reaction parameters, such as pH = 6 with a catalyst dosage 100 mg L−1 for the degradation of 5 mg L−1 of dye solution.
Modeling competence in science education
Authors: Chiu Mei-Hung , Lin Jing-Wen
Published: November 2019

Research on the understanding of the nature of models and modeling processes in science education have received a lot of attention in science education. In this article, we make five claims about the research on modeling competence in science education. The five claims are (1) the development of modeling competence in practice is essential to scientific literacy for twenty-first century citizens, (2) further research is needed to build a holistic and theoretical understanding of models and modeling knowledge (MMingK), (3) providing a modeling-based scaffolding framework for meaningful and active authentic learning is to enhance student’s engagement of scientific practice, (4) appropriate formative assessment instruments and evaluation rubrics to assess students’ modeling processes and products within the context of modeling practice should be developed, and (5) research on learning progression in modeling competence needs to be intertwined with MMingK and modeling practice. Implications for student learning and teacher professional development will be drawn from existing literature.
Use of serum bilirubin/albumin ratio for early prediction of bilirubin induced neurological dysfunction
Authors: Mosallam Dalia , Said Reem N. , Abd Elsamad Marwa A. , Abdelfatah Nada M.
Published: December 2019

Background

Kernicterus or bilirubin encephalopathy is a preventable cause of handicap, still occurs in our country. The aim of the current study was to assess the role of bilirubin/albumin ratio in improving the morbidity of the cases with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia and to estimate of the cutoff value for B/A ratio for prevention and early management of bilirubin-induced neurological dysfunction.

Results

The mean gestational age was 37.1 ± 2.11 weeks; the mean age of onset of jaundice was 2.36 ± 1.04 days; the mean level of total bilirubin was 26.14 ± 7.36 mg/dl. At chosen cutoff value of bilirubin albumin ratio (B/A) 6.68, sensitivity was 82% while specificity was 64% and accuracy was 95%.

Conclusion

Bilirubin encephalopathy still occurs in significant number in our country though it is a preventable cause of handicapping. TSB is a sensitive but not a specific indicator of ABE, B/A ratio is more specific indicator of the neurologic outcome and should be utilized in the decision of early intervention.
Integrated kinematic time-lapse inversion workflow leveraging full-waveform inversion and machine learning
Authors: Maharramov Musa , Willemsen Bram , Routh Partha S. , Peacock Emily F. , Froneberger Mark , Robinson Alana P. , Bear Glenn W. , Lazaratos Spyros K.
Published: December 2019

We demonstrate that a workflow combining emergent time-lapse full-waveform inversion (FWI) and machine learning technologies can address the demand for faster time-lapse processing and analysis. During the first stage of our proposed workflow, we invert long-wavelength velocity changes using a tomographically enhanced version of multiparameter simultaneous reflection FWI with model-difference regularization. Short-wavelength changes are inverted during the second stage of the workflow by a specialized high-resolution image-difference tomography algorithm using a neural network. We discuss application areas for each component of the workflow and show the results of a West Africa case study.
Rapid affinity purification of intracellular organelles using a twin strep tag
Authors: Xiong Jian , He Jingquan , Xie Wendy P. , Hinojosa Ezekiel , Ambati Chandra Shekar R. , Putluri Nagireddy , Kim Hyun-Eui , Zhu Michael X. , Du Guangwei
Published: November 2019

Cells are internally organized into compartmentalized organelles that execute specialized functions. To understand the functions of individual organelles and their regulations, it is critical to resolve the compositions of individual organelles, which relies on a rapid and efficient isolation method for specific organellar populations. Here, we introduce a robust affinity purification method for rapid isolation of intracellular organelles (e.g. lysosomes, mitochondria and peroxisomes) by taking advantage of the extraordinarily high affinity between the twin strep tag and streptavidin variants. With this method, we can isolate desired organelles with high purity and yield in 3 min from the post-nuclear supernatant of mammalian cells or less than 8 min for the whole purification process. Using lysosomes as an example, we show that the rapid procedure is especially useful for studying transient and fast cellular activities, such as organelle-initiated signaling and organellar contents of small-molecular metabolites. Therefore, our method offers a powerful tool to dissect spatiotemporal regulation and functions of intracellular organelles.
Nonsurgical endodontic management of dens invaginatus: a report of two cases
Authors: Abu Hasna Amjad , Ungaro Daniela Maria de Toledo , de Melo Allana Agnes Pereira , Yui Karen Cristina Kazue , da Silva Eduardo Galera , Martinho Frederico Canato , Gomes Ana Paula Martins
Published: December 2019

Dens invaginatus is a malformation affecting mainly the superior lateral incisors. It is defined as an infolding of the crown hard tissues, including the enamel and dentin, and can extend up to the root apex. Root canal treatment of this abnormality is considered difficult due to the complex anatomy presented by these teeth. This case series presents nonsurgical endodontic treatment in two cases of dens invaginatus (type II and III) in maxillary lateral incisors. This nonsurgical or conventional endodontic treatment results in healing of the periapical lesions associated with both cases, with no need for extra intervention e.g. surgical or invasive management. The manual instrumentation associated with sodium hypochlorite and calcium hydroxide were able to completely heal the lesions.  Radiographic exams were carried out to control and asses the healing. Nonsurgical treatment was successful in both cases with adequate repair after a 6-year follow-up with radiographic and tomographic assessments.
Development of subject representations at children of preschool age with visual impairment in the process of creative designing in the conditions of inclusive education
Authors: Осипова Лариса , Osipova Larisa , Дружинина Лилия , Druzhinina Liliya , Власова Ольга , Vlasova Ol'ga , Стахеева Юлия , Staheeva Yuliya
Published: December 2019

In teaching AIDS addresses issues related to the development of ideas about objects and the world of children of preschool age with visual impairments in an inclusive education. The possibilities of creative construction in the intensification of cognitive and speech development, the formation of adequate ideas about the objects of the surrounding reality in children with visual impairments both in the conditions of a specialized educational institution and in the conditions of inclusive education are shown. The organizational and content components of classes on creative construction with children with visual impairments are considered, the abstract of classes is offered.
Intended for students of faculty of correctional pedagogy, studying in the field 44.03.03 "Special (defectological) education" profiles "Preschool defectology", "Speech therapy", "Correctional", "principles of accounting"; in the direction 44.04.03 "Special (defectological) education", master program "Psychological and pedagogical support of children with disabilities", "Psychology-pedagogical support of persons with speech disorders", as well as for students enrolled in the various teaching professions. It will be useful for a wide range of professionals working with children.
TRIZ and Lean Philosophies Applied Together in Management Activities
Authors: Morgado Teresa L.M. , Sandiães Jorge , Navas Helena V.G.
Published: December 2019

Purpose: In the current market, the Portuguese industry faces strong competition from countries with substantially lower operating costs. The agri-food industry is also subject to increasing competition, both nationally and internationally. The utilization of methodologies that, in addition to continuous improvement, provide the development of creative and innovative solutions may be relevant for highlighting and differentiating between organizations. In this work, Teoriya Resheniya Izobretatelskikh Zadach and Lean Philosophies have been implemented together. Methodologies as Matrix of Ideality Matrix of Contradiction, Single Minute Exchange of Die, 5S and the Substance-Field analyses were used as complementary tools to improve the production management activities of agri-food sector. Strongly focused on the issues of time wastage and the organization and management of the filling line, the implementation of these methodologies led to a reduction of setup times, of the operators’ movement and an improvement in the line’s management and organization, and improve the results of 5S audits, depending on the work station. The aims of this study is the implementation of diferent methodologies, philosophies and tools to improve management activities.Methodology/Approach: The methodology presented in this work involves using Lean and TRIZ methodologies together. Namely Matrix of Ideality, the Matrix of Contradictions, SMED, 5S and the Substance-Field Analysis, were used to optimize the management activities, in agro-food industrial sector. The methodology strongly focused on the issues of time wastage, organization and management of an filling line.Findings: The implementation of methodologies led to a reduction of setup times by 60% to 70%, a reduction of the operators’ movement during format changes by 26.2%, and an improvement in the line’s management and organization by 9% to 12%, depending on the work station.Research Limitation/implication: In the management activities, the results are not universal. Therefore, the same methodology applied in another industrial sector will present differents results. Nevertheless, the application of this methodology and the tools choosen only make sense if it facilitates the management of improvements.Originality/Value of paper: There is a need and demand for innovative solutions that lead to continuous improvement, production processes optimization and resource saving. The combination of different validated methologies, with new concrete studies, is always in scientific and technical interest and continuously sought-after (demanded, welcome) by academic and industrial sectors.
Analysis of Types, Intensity, Methods and Effects of Process Innovations
Authors: Macurová Pavla , Peterková Jindra , Czerná Katarzyna
Published: December 2019

Purpose: The purpose is to provide knowledge about the intensity and types of process innovation in the business sphere, as well as the representation of entities involved in creating innovation, and about the effects of process  innovation.Methodology/Approach: Data from the statistical survey on innovation activities carried out by the Czech Statistical Office according to the Eurostat methodology were used, supplemented by some results of the own questionnaire survey. Methods of sorting, size arrangement, structure analysis, comparison, context analysis were used.Findings: The large enterprises were significantly more active than SMEs in implementing process innovations, as well as foreign affiliates were more active than domestic enterprises. Besides typical competitive advantages of process innovation benefits the benefits in ecology, occupational safety and reduced labour demand have also proved to be numerous. Co-operation of enterprises with universities has proved to be low. The lack of skilled workers and financial resources were the main obstacles to the innovation activity of enterprises.Research Limitation/implication: The research is focused on companies in the Czech Republic.Originality/Value of paper: The actual contribution of the article lies in the purpose-oriented comparison of process innovations between fields of enterprise activities, especially in the area of logistics innovations, in some aspects the comparison of process-innovation activities according to the size of the company and the ownership of the company.
AMBIGUIDADES DO VAMPIRO NA LITERATURA OITOCENTISTA
Authors: De Souza Topan Juliana
Published: November 2019

O vampiro é uma personagem mítica e literária que, nas últimas décadas, esteve presente em obras literárias, televisivas e cinematográficas de grande sucesso de público, como os filmes Drácula de Bram Stoker (1992) e Entrevista com o vampiro (1994), a série televisiva Buffy, a caça-vampiros (1997-2003) e a saga Crepúsculo, de Stephenie Meyer (2005-2008). Analisando narrativas vampirescas contemporâneas, David Roas aponta uma “domesticação” ou “naturalização do monstro”, já que vampiros convivem com humanos e se convertem em “mais uma raça ou espécie”, entre tantas no mundo. Roas identifica que o processo de humanização da figura do vampiro e a atenuação de seus aspectos monstruosos teriam se iniciado com a publicação de Entrevista com o vampiro (1976), de Anne Rice, a partir da caracterização de Louis como um vampiro belo, sensível e culpado por matar pessoas. Entretanto, ao analisar poemas e narrativas do final do século XVIII e do século XIX, o presente artigo pretende explicitar que tal processo se inicia muito antes, na transição da personagem vampiresca do universo mítico para obras literárias. Conclui-se, a partir da análise dos poemas Christabel, de Coleridge (1795) e A noiva de Corinto, de Goethe (1797), do conto A morta amorosa, de T. Gautier (1836), e dos romances Carmilla, a vampira de Karstein, de S. Fanu (1874) e Drácula, de B. Stoker (1897), que, desde o século XVIII, encontra-se uma ambiguidade na caracterização dos vampiros em obras literárias, nas quais se encontra uma alternância entre a descrição humanizada e monstruosa dos vampiros.
O DUPLO E O INQUIETANTE NO FANTÁSTICO DE GUY DE MAUPASSANT
Authors: Moreira Jorge De Azevedo
Published: November 2019

Este artigo se organiza em torno de algumas reflexões relacionadas às diferentes maneiras pelas quais o duplo, tema recorrente na literatura fantástica, figura em Guy de Maupassant. Para isso, partiremos de certos pontos teóricos ligados à antropologia (o confronto entre a mentalidade arcaica e a mentalidade positiva, tal como Jean Fabre define) e à psicanálise (a sensação de inquietante abordada por Sigmund Freud). Demonstraremos, além disso, que a própria estrutura das narrativas curtas de base realista do século XIX mantém importantes relações com o duplo, situação particularmente observável nos textos de Maupassant. É esse o ponto de vista proposto por Thierry Ozwald, segundo o qual o termo novela (nouvelle) só pode ser empregado para se referir às narrativas curtas daquele século, em razão do caráter fenomenológico destas: a novela marcaria uma crise da consciência individual, da qual o duplo é um signo. Nesse contexto, as narrativas de Maupassant nos mostram uma realidade instável, ameaçadora, até mesmo apavorante, com sua produção fantástica encarnando o paroxismo desse processo de crise subjetiva.