bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of cell surface hydrophobicity and biofilm formation as pathogenic determinants among ESBL producing uropathogenic Escherichia coli
Authors: Anandkumar H  , Nigudgi Amaresh , Hajare Vinay , Biradar Sunil
Published: December 2021

The attachment of the bacteria to the host cell and ability to invade the cell are regarded as important steps in the infectious process. The hydrophobicity of the microbial surface plays a critical role in the adherence of bacteria to the surface. The ability of biofilm formation can increase survival chance of microorganism, as cell growing in biofilm are highly resistant to the components of the immune system and many antimicrobial agents. Infection caused by ESBL- producers are associated with severe adverse outcomes and may be related to increased virulence of these strains.

: A total of 100 urinary were selected for the study, of which 50 strains were from ESBL producers and 50 from non- ESBL-producing uropathogenic(UPEC) strains. The urinary isolates that were resistant to at least one of the three indicator cephalosporins (cefotaxime, cefpodoxime and ceftazidime) were tested for ESBL production by quantitative E-strip method. All the 100 urinary strains were tested for cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) by salt aggregation method and Biofilm production by tissue culture plate method.

Among ESBL producers, 19 (38%) were CSH positive and 34 (68%) were biofilm producers. However among non-ESBL producers, 05 (10%) were CSH positive and 12 (24%) were biofilm producers. Statistically significant difference (<0.001) was seen in the occurrence of CSH and biofilm production between ESBL and non ESBL producing UPEC isolates.

In the present study, it was found that the ESBL producing isolates had a higher ability to form biofilm and CSH; both of them are among the important virulence factors associated with cell surface adherence which is the first step in bacterial infection.
A study of biofilm production and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern among urinary isolates
Authors: Joshi Pankaj A , Rajmane Ashwini , Shikhare Vishakha , Ramteerthakar Meena , Kulkarni Vanita
Published: December 2021

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most commonly acquired bacterial infection. Bacterial biofilms play an important role in urinary tract infections and are responsible for persistent infections as well as higher antimicrobial resistance. The microbial biofilms pose a public health problem as the microorganisms in the biofilms are difficult to treat with antimicrobial agents. So the present study was undertaken with the aim to study biofilm production and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of urinary isolates.

Aerobic bacterial isolates from urine samples submitted to microbiology laboratory for culture were included in the study. The isolates were tested for biofilm formation by Congo red agar method and Christensen tube method. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed on these isolates by Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method as per CLSI guidelines. A total of 293 Gram negative bacilli and 59 Gram positive cocci were tested for biofilm production and antimicrobial susceptibility testing.

: Gram‑negative organisms were predominant (83.24%) of all the isolates. Biofilm production was detected in 47% of the isolates. 51.7%), were the most common biofilm producing Gram negative bacilli followed by (44.32%). Amongst Gram positive cocci, (77.8%) was the most common biofilm producing organism. Biofilm producing urinary isolates displayed relatively less percentage of antimicrobial susceptibility than biofilm non producers.

Biofilm forming isolates showed higher antimicrobial resistance as compared to biofilm non producer. Early detection of biofilm production in urinary isolates may aid clinicians in treatment of urinary tract infections.
Customer relationship management and higher education in India
Authors: Karunakaran N , Bayavanda Chinnappa T
Published: December 2021

Educational institutions worldwide are undergoing fundamental shifts in how they operate and interact with their “customers”, students, alumni, donors, and faculty members. Higher education, especially the management education has been changing rapidly and educational institutions are compelled to focus and shift their strategies on student community, faculty members, and industrial organizations so that they remain relevant to the society at large. A nation can remain competitive and its economy can continue grow, only if the quality of knowledge provided by higher education institutions becomes meaningful. Technological, economic, sociological, and governmental forces are altering education dramatically, impacting its institutions, teachers, students, funding sources, and basic function in society. To unlock potential and help talented people to gain advanced training, whatever their background, requires customer-centric approach to education.
Role of kitty party in micro finance
Authors: Tailor R. K. , Sharma Palak
Published: December 2021

Traditionally, women all over the world have been saving time in their busy schedule to share with others. Kitty parties allow women to move from the humdrum of normal life to meet friends and engage. They provide women with a way to establish friendships, share grievances, practice self-care, and find comfort in the sisters built during this encounter. Each month, a group of women come together for a cat party filled with local music, games, and local delicacies. During this circle, each guest contributes a set amount of money to a bag called a kitty. This kitty is designed for a specific member every month. At the end of the kitty party, that member takes his or her winning money home and is responsible for hosting the next kitty party. This process continues until all the women in the group have found the kitty once, and then it starts again. This paper is focused for micro finance through kitty party.
Inter-American Development Bank Quarterly Business Review: Third Quarter 2021
Authors:   Inter American Development Bank
Published: December 2021

The 2021 third quarter edition of the Quarterly Business Review (QBR) provides management with a status of the Bank's performance. The QBR reports on outputs, lending program priorities and organizational indicators on a quarterly basis to allow management to monitor progress in achieving corporate results. This periodic monitoring supports evidence-based decision making and allows for timely identification of deviations from targets and enables effective implementation of measures to address them.
Grid Lifespan Enlargement for Assessment in Multihop Wireless Detector Facilities
Authors: S Mr. Muthukumar. , Senduraja Dr. Dinesh
Published: December 2021

In energy limited wireless sensor networks, both local quantization andmultihop transmission are essential to save transmission energy and thus prolong the network lifetime. The goal is to maximize the network lifetime, defined as the estimation task cycles accomplished before the network becomes nonfunctional.The network lifetime optimization problem includes three components: Optimizing source coding at each sensor node, optimizing source throughput at each sensor node.Optimizing multihop routing path. Source coding optimization can be decoupled from source throughput and multihop routing path optimization and is solved by introducing a concept of equivalent 1-bit Mean Square Error (MSE) function. Based on optimal source coding, multihop routing path optimization is formulated as a linear programming problem, which suggests a new notion of character based routing. It is also seen that optimal multihop routing improves the network lifetime bound significantly compared with single-hop routing for heterogeneous networks. Furthermore, the gain is more significant when the network is denser since there are more opportunities for multihop routing. Also the gain is more significant when the observation noise variances are more diverse.
Caracterización de la piscicultura en Santander. Estudio aplicado en Bajo Simacota, El Carmen de Chucurí, San Vicente de Chucurí y Barrancabermeja
Authors: Rueda Barrios Gladys Elena , Bohórquez Farfán Ledis , Reyes Figueroa Juan Carlos
Published: December 2021

Este libro es resultado del proyecto de investigación “Caracterización de las condiciones sociales, económicas y tecnológicas de las unidades productivas del sector piscícola en Santander" de la Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana Seccional Bucaramanga. El estudio permitió establecer las condiciones de 53 unidades productivas piscícolas ubicadas en zonas rurales de los municipios de Simacota, El Carmen de Chucurí, San Vicente de Chucurí y Barrancabermeja, en el departamento de Santander (Colombia). La investigación tiene un enfoque mixto (cuantitativo-cualitativo), con un alcance descriptivo y exploratorio. Los principales resultados permiten observar la piscicultura como una gran oportunidad para garantizar la seguridad alimentaria de campesinos y poblaciones rivereñas.
THE LEGAL FUTURE OF A WILL IN FAVOR OF THE SPOUSE IN MARRIAGE DISSOLUTION (PART ONE)
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law of the Russian Academy of Advocacy and Notaries PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Myskin Anton V.
Published: December 2021

A fairly common practice in the field of civil trafficking is the situation when one of the spouses in his lifetime makes a will in favor of the other spouse. However, marriage between spouses can subsequently be dissolved. And on this basis, the question of the subsequent legal fate of the drawn up will quite naturally arises. What will happen to such a will? Will it automatically become effective upon dissolution of the marriage, or does the ex-spouse have to make a separate act to cancel or amend his earlier will? And what will happen to the will if the testator spouse enters into a new marriage? It is the search for answers to these questions that this article is devoted to.
ISSUES OF INTERACTION BETWEEN PERSONS INVOLVED IN THE ELECTRONIC DOCUMENT FLOW IN THE NOTARIAL SPHERE
Authors:   Associate Professor of the Department of Civil Law and Procedure of the Pitirim Sorokin Syktyvkar State University PhD (Law), Associate Professor, Kurova Natalya N. , Stroganova Natalya K. ,   Legal Counsel at T.I. Filimonova's Notary Office
Published: December 2021

The given article is devoted to certain legal issues arising in information field during participants’ communication on electronic document management while performing notarial acts. In the presented study the key legal acts establishing the major regulations of interdepartmental cooperation of notary and governmental bodies and organizations as well as corresponding contractual acts on information communication in the notary field have been analyzed. Some difficulties in information exchange confirmed by specific examples from notarial practice have been defined which enabled introduction of some legislative proposals on improvements in remote electronic document management communication format. In conclusion the importance of information cooperation expansion has been underlined alongside with importance of remote notarial service introduction requiring additional legal regulation, particularly in the field of electronic infrastructure specification.
Problems of Intellectual Piracy and Counterfeiting in the EAEU Countries
Authors:   Doctoral Student of the Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Law, Department of Civil Law., Kanatov T.K.
Published: December 2021

This article discusses the problematic issues of intellectual piracy and counterfeiting in the EEU countries. Analyzed international instruments, given the statistics in the context of the EEC according to the ECA, the FCS, the types of the main groups of counterfeit goods moved across the customs border, the issues of online trading of counterfeit products, given the statistics of the market size of counterfeit products. The legal characteristics of the concepts of «counterfeit», «intellectual piracy» from the point of view of legislation, doctrine and practice are given. In order to prevent offenses, special tables of «counterfeit indices» developed by the Russian Anti-Piracy Organization to help law enforcement agencies and copyright holders, which allows them to independently identify counterfeit copies without the involvement of experts, as well as the table of the Moscow Center for Independent Comprehensive Examination and Certification of Systems and Technologies, which proposed to use a system of criteria for protecting computer disks with computer programs from counterfeiting according to certain criteria, are considered. Purpose. To investigate current problematic issues of intellectual piracy and counterfeiting in the EAEU countries. Methodology: system-structural, concrete-sociological, historical-legal, social-legal, comparative-legal, statistical methods of work were used in writing the article. Results. Proposals and conclusions based on the analysis of international legislation, as well as regulatory legal acts of the EAEU countries that were in force at the moment. The relevance and practical significance of the article lies in the analysis of intellectual piracy and counterfeiting in the EAEU countries. The special significance of this study lies in the fact that the developed theoretical provisions of this work can be used in the future for further study and consideration of issues related to counterfeiting and intellectual piracy in the doctrine and legislation of the EAEU countries. With this research, the author invests a significant resource in the theoretical part of civil law. Novelty/originality/value: The article has a high scientific value, as it is one of the first attempts to consider topical issues of intellectual piracy and counterfeiting in the EAEU countries.
Convergence of Artificial Intelligence and Intellectual Property Rights
Authors:   Editor in Chief, Head of Research Department of Protection of Intellectual Property of the National Scientific Research Institute of Intellectual Property (NSRIIP), Emeritus Professor of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Doctor of Law, Professor, Zenin I.A.
Published: December 2021

The purpose is to identify and evaluate the doctrinal definitions of the concept and recommendations on ensuring the protection of the results created by AI as products of the functioning of its technologies using the norms of the current copyright, patent and other legislation. At the same time, the goal of scientific evaluation of the existing legal definitions of the concept of AI and its accompanying categories is pursued. The methodology includes methods of logical, historical, systematic and comparative legal analysis of legal definitions, methods of translation (implementation) of doctrinal categories in normative legal acts, interpretation of differences in copyright and patent protection of the results of human creative activity and the need to take them into account when deciding on the possibility of legal protection of products generated by artificial intelligence. Result. As part of the assessment of the existing doctrinal and legal definitions of the concept of AI, its technologies and the possibilities of protecting the protective results created in the course of their operation, conclusions are drawn in favor of legal structures. In the sense of the latter: artificial intelligence is recognized as a human-created “complex of technological solutions”; operations performed by this complex are not identified with human actions, but are recognized only as their similarity (“imitation»); the results of these operations are not equated with the creative achievements of the natural (human) mind, but are recognized as their visibility, which can only be compared (“compared”) with the products of the cognitive functions of the human brain as the results of its “intellectual activity”.
Prospects of Digitization in State Registration of Intellectual Property Items
Authors:   Federal Institute of Industrial Property, department of ensuring the functioning of applied information systems, leading engineer. otd44161@rupto.ru, Ponkratov A.I.
Published: December 2021

Purpose. The article highlights the problem of inconsistency with the requirements of today used in the FIPS digital data presentation formats when interacting with applicants and in internal office systems. A description of the factors that led to its occurrence is given. Methods. Based on the results of the analysis of the processing of applications, the composition of the components of applications and the list of types of information contained in them are formed. On its basis, the subject of research is determined — text, graphic, audio, video and mixed (text with embedded objects) types of formats. The following is a description of the national project “Digital Economy” with an emphasis on architecture, technical requirements and the tasks to be solved for processing documents. In accordance with it, assessment criteria are determined (pairs “domestic” — “foreign”, “free” — “proprietary”, “paid” — “free of charge”) and basic functional units (web components for publishing and software for viewing, editing and conversion). As a research method, a comparative analysis of the percentages of the above functional units for the selected digital formats is used. Results. Shows the overall percentages of objects found by web components for publishing and software for viewing, editing, and interconverting selected digital formats. For software, its classification is given. A final assessment is formed and a conclusion is made about the generally good prospects for using the found objects in the newly developed FIPS information systems. Discussion: the results obtained are complete and relevant, as they assess the prospects for the applicability of the digital formats that exist right now for representing intellectual property objects. In the future, due to the influence of the factors listed in the article, it is advisable to repeat the study with some frequency. Also, the results of this study can be recommended to applicants - to reduce financial costs for the purchase of software used in the preparation of applications.
Telemedicine: The Status and Development Prospects
Authors:   FSBVOU VO “Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov” (branch, Moscow), Ph.D., associate professor, department of military health management, Allamyarova N.V.
Published: December 2021

Legislation in the field of e-health, adopted in 2017, opens up fundamentally new opportunities in the development of medical care using telemedicine technologies. The article provides an analysis of regulatory legal documents that establish the legal framework for the provision of medical care using telemedicine technologies. An assessment is given of the current state of the legal regulation of telemedicine in Russia. The main legal risks are identified in the practical implementation of telemedicine technologies, including the risks of identifying participants in telemedicine consultations. The procedure for transferring and entering information into the federal register of electronic medical documents and the integrated electronic medical record is not defined. The legal and organizational problems in regulating the interactions of medical organizations with the unified state health information system and other information systems are identified. The law on telemedicine requires adjustment and refinement of existing regulatory legal acts, procedures, standards for the provision of medical care with detailed regulation of tools and situations of their application. For the further development of digital health care, in particular telemedicine, electronic document management, electronic prescriptions and a unified state health information system, it is necessary to develop comprehensive rules for all telemedicine service providers. Due to the current situation in healthcare, now is the perfect time to create telemedicine technologies and other e-health products that will help in solving public health problems.
Street-Art as a Work of Fine Art
Authors:   Honorary Lawyer of Russia, Acting Head of the Department of Copyright, Related Rights and Private Law Disciplines, Russian State Academy of Intellectual Property, Professor of the Department of Civil and Criminal Law and Procedure Sochi State University, Doctor of Law, Professor, Aliev T.T.
Published: December 2021

Purpose. Street art has exploded: it pervades our back alleys, surrounds us at bus-stops, covers billboards, competes with advertising and generally serves as urban wallpaper in most cities. But what is street art? A far cry from mere graffiti, street art has gained some social acceptance, but it remains neither officially sanctioned like public art, nor institutionally condoned, like its more traditional artistic cousins in museums. Somewhere in between these two extremes, street art has emerged, occupying a metaphysically suspect grey area between illegal activity and bona fide art. This paper explores the nature of this emerging art form. Methods. The basis of the presented research was the following methods: analysis, synthesis, system analysis, deductive method and the method of comparative law. Results. Street art in modern society is a fairly popular type of activity, but there is no legal regulation of this area directly. The question is raised about the need to improve the methods of protecting the rights of authors to modern works of art and, in particular, to street art. There is a need for regulatory legal regulation in the field of copyright protection in the field of street art. It is proposed to clarify the existing legal norms in the field of intellectual property law, and in particular in the category of copyright, or to fill in the gaps by using the general principles of civil law. The problems of the implementation of copyright on the works of street art are studied, a distinction is made between legal and illegal works of street art. Discussion. The issue of creating separate regulations governing street art is quite controversial today. Taking into account the popularization of this area every day more and more, this problem is becoming more acute, it is necessary to understand how street art figures protect their violated rights and legitimate interests
Por qué no estábamos preparados para el coronavirus
Authors: Quammen David
Published: December 2021

Este artículo de David Quammen, autor del recomendable libro Contagio. La evolución de las pandemias, hace una breve síntesis de las últimas investigaciones sobre las enfermedades epizoóticas, causadas por virus que saltan de otras especies animales a la especie humana, y es una especie de adenda al epílogo de la versión en castellano, titulado “Fuimos nosotros quienes creamos la epidemia del coronavirus”.En este artículo Quammen argumenta que a Estados Unidos le ha ido peor que a otros países, no porque haya carecido de información o de financiación, sino porque no aprendió las lecciones de los últimos brotes.
Coronavirus y granjas industriales. Nuggets y murciélagos: cómo cocinamos las pandemias de hoy
Authors: Barruti Soledad
Published: December 2021

Se atienden las consecuencias de la COVID-19, pero no las causas que provocaron 200 nuevas enfermedades como la del coronavirus en las tres últimas décadas. Ninguna fue producto de la mala suerte. La relación depredadora con la naturaleza, la crueldad y la insalubridad en las granjas industriales, la pérdida de potencia de los antibióticos y la ambición empresarial (en cuarentena se destruyeron 2200 hectáreas de bosques en la Argentina) hacen de nuestro mundo un lugar bizarro y cada vez más peligroso.
Instituciones políticas y manejo de la pandemia: pruebas PCR masivas
Authors: Cortes German Petersen
Published: December 2021

Una rama de la literatura sobre economía política argumenta que las instituciones políticas son importantes en el manejo de desastres (hambrunas, pandemias, etc.) y, en particular, que los regímenes democráticos son más efectivos que los autoritarios. La masificación de las pruebas de SARS-CoV-2 es un caso quepone a prueba esta hipótesis. La evidencia de 85 países indica que la relación entre democracia y pruebas no es lineal ni directa sino curvilínea, con bajos y altos niveles de democracia asociados a la masificación y niveles medios —anocracias— asociados con pocas pruebas.
Sobre la dinámica del crecimiento económico
Authors: Lorente Luis
Published: December 2021

Este artículo defiende la necesidad de sustituir las teorías del crecimiento más difundidas hoy por un análisis dinámico de la economía, libre de equilibrios yde trayectorias óptimas. Sintetiza las principales características de una posible teoría alternativa, en la que la innovación es la causa primaria del crecimiento observado durante los últimos dos siglos. Esboza también un nuevo método de análisis dinámico y expone alguno de sus principales resultados. Finaliza con algunas conclusiones y recomendaciones de política económica.
Глиадины: структура и токсичные эпитопы
Authors:   Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук, Новосибирск, Россия, Виниченко Н.А.
Published: December 2021

В обзоре показаны особенности структуры глиадинов, а также распределение эпитопов, связанных с целиакией, среди глиадинов разных типов. Рассмотрено несколько приоритетных подходов, позволяющих ускорить создание сортов пшеницы с улучшенным составом глютена (клейковины), безопасного для здоровья.
Клонирование и экспрессия гена целлюлазы Penicillium sp. ‘occitanis’ в Komagataella phaffii T07, выделение и анализ свойств
Authors:   Курчатовский геномный центр ИЦиГ СО РАН, Новосибирск, Россия, Розанов А.С. ,   Лаборатория молекулярных биотехнологий ИЦиГ СО РАН, Новосибирск, Россия, Воскобоев М.E. ,   Курчатовский геномный центр ИЦиГ СО РАН, Новосибирск, Россия,   Лаборатория молекулярных биотехнологий ИЦиГ СО РАН, Новосибирск, Россия, Богачева Н.В. ,   Курчатовский геномный центр ИЦиГ СО РАН, Новосибирск, Россия,   Лаборатория молекулярных биотехнологий ИЦиГ СО РАН, Новосибирск, Россия, Коржук А.В. ,   Курчатовский геномный центр ИЦиГ СО РАН, Новосибирск, Россия,   Лаборатория молекулярных биотехнологий ИЦиГ СО РАН, Новосибирск, Россия, Шляхтун В.Н. ,   Курчатовский геномный центр ИЦиГ СО РАН, Новосибирск, Россия,   Лаборатория молекулярных биотехнологий ИЦиГ СО РАН, Новосибирск, Россия, Мещерякова И.А. ,   Курчатовский геномный центр ИЦиГ СО РАН, Новосибирск, Россия,   Лаборатория молекулярных биотехнологий ИЦиГ СО РАН, Новосибирск, Россия, Романцев В.А. ,   Акционерное общество «Эфирное», г. Алексеевка, Белгородская область, Россия, Бочков Д.В. ,   Курчатовский геномный центр ИЦиГ СО РАН, Новосибирск, Россия, Задорожный А.B. ,   Курчатовский геномный центр ИЦиГ СО РАН, Новосибирск, Россия,   Лаборатория молекулярных биотехнологий ИЦиГ СО РАН, Новосибирск, Россия, Пельтек С.Е. ,   Курчатовский геномный центр ИЦиГ СО РАН, Новосибирск, Россия,   Лаборатория молекулярных биотехнологий ИЦиГ СО РАН, Новосибирск, Россия
Published: December 2021

Проведены клонирование и анализ свойств целлюлазы Penicillium sp. ‘occitanis’. Ген был обнаружен в геномных данных базы NCBI. Получена плазмида pPZL-4xBGLU-Pocc, несущая четыре копии конструкции, экспрессирующей ген целлюлазы P. sp. ‘occitanis’. Плазмида была клонирована в штамм дрожжей Komagataella phaffii T07 под контроль промотора и терминатора гена AOX1. Было клонировано четыре копии экспрессирующей конструкции. В результате получен штамм K. phaffii T07 BGLU-4xPocc. Максимальный уровень экспрессии этого штамма составил ~4 000 000 Ед/л культуральной жидкости при культивировании в 5-литровом биореакторе. Полученный белок, согласно данным гельэлектрофореза, дает полосу ~39.5 кДа, что соответствует расчетной массе, и обширную область примерно от 42 до 70 кДa. Формирование этой области говорит о возможном гликозилировании белка при экспрессии в K. phaffii. Анализ свойств фермента показал, что температурный оптимум активности составляет 55–65 °С, рН оптимум – примерно 1.5–2. Фермент сохраняет 50 % активности при pH от 1.5 до 6 и от 30 до 80 °С. Он стабилен при температуре ниже 75 °С в течение 4 ч, но при 85 °С за 4 ч теряет 50 % активности. Фермент устойчив при рН от 4 до 7.5.
Familias uruguayas con maltrato infantil: estresores y apoyo social en contexto de pobreza
Authors: Fernández Rodríguez María Eugenia , Cracco Cattani Cecilia Valentina
Published: December 2021

El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido caracterizar a familias con presencia de maltrato infantil y abuso sexual en situación socioeconómica deficitaria en relación con estresores familiares y apoyo social, y analizar sus implicancias para las intervenciones psicosociales. La muestra estuvo conformada por 40 adultos a cargo del cuidado de niños, niñas y adolescentes que asisten a servicios especializados en maltrato infantil en Uruguay. Los resultados indicaron graves situaciones de vulnerabilidad socioeconómica, feminización de cuidados, polivictimización de los niños, alto número de estresores y baja percepción de apoyo social. Se concluye en la importancia de considerar estas variables al momento de diseñar intervenciones psicosociales que propongan cambios a nivel de parentalidad bien tratante que puedan ser sostenidos en el tiempo
Conflicto, salud y satisfacción: diferencias por etapa en parejas de la Ciudad de México
Authors: Flórez Rodríguez Yanitza Nicole , Sánchez Aragón Rozzana , Figueroa Peña María Fernanda , Gómez Delgado Yamile Andrea , Rosero Díaz del Castillo Sonia María
Published: December 2021

Las relaciones atraviesan por diferentes situaciones que pueden generar inestabilidad y disgustos o conflictos entre los miembros de la pareja, que repercuten en ella favoreciendo la insatisfacción, frustración o hasta el término de la relación afectando en gran medida la salud y el bienestar de la persona. Por dicha razón, el objetivo principal fue conocer la relación entre los motivos e importancia del conflicto con la salud y la satisfacción con la relación. Para ello se trabajó con 240 personas (50% mujeres y 50% hombres), con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 75 años que se encontraron dentro de una de las cuatro etapas del ciclo de la pareja: desarrollo, mantenimiento con hijos pequeños y grandes y disolución.
Good is stronger than bad for eudaimonic well-being
Authors: Martínez-Zelaya Gonzalo , Bilbao Ramírez Marian , Páez Rovira Darío
Published: December 2021

Perceived changes in basic beliefs and growth related to life events were examined in three studies. A representative sample (N = 885), a sample of students and their families (N = 291) and a sample of students (N = 245) responded with a list of positive and negative life events, a scale of changes in basic beliefs and a post-traumatic growth scale. Positive events were strongly associated with changes in basic beliefs, while only weak associations were found for negative events. In addition, negative changes in basic beliefs were associated with growth only in negative life events and positive changes in basic beliefs were generally associated with growth.
Densidad seca al aire y características cuantitativas de elementos xilemáticos de conducción en 10 especies de Malvaceae en Venezuela
Authors: Uzcátegui Rojas Mariangel , Valero Styles Will , León Hernández Williams J.
Published: December 2021

Se presenta el estudio de la relación entre la densidad seca al aire y características cuantitativas de los vasos (frecuencia y diámetro de vasos, área de lumen) para diez especies de Malvaceae que crecen en Venezuela: Catostemma commune, Eryotheca globosa, Ochroma pyramidale, Pachira quinata, Guazuma ulmifolia, Apeiba tibourbou, Heliocarpus americanus, Uladendron codesurii, Sterculia apetala y Sterculia pruriens. La densidad se determinó en muestras acondicionadas al 12 % de humedad y para la medición de las características de los vasos se prepararon láminas de secciones transversales utilizando los procedimientos convencionales de microtecnia xilemática. Las mayores frecuencias y menores diámetros de vasos se presentaron en Guazuma ulmifolia y Uladendron codesurii; mientras que las menores frecuencias y mayores diámetros de vasos los presentaron especies de las subfamilias Bombacoideae y Sterculioideae. La densidad seca al aire mostró un alto grado de variación, encontrándose especies que van desde la categoría de muy baja densidad (Ochroma pyramidale, Pachira quinata, Apeiba tibourbou, Heliocarpus americanus, Sterculia apetala) hasta muy alta densidad (Uladendron codesurii). La relación entre la densidad y las características de los vasos presentó una baja correlación lo que indica la posible existencia de otras características anatómicas que ejercen mayor influencia sobre esta propiedad física.
Infinity Substitute in Finding Exact Minimum of Total Weighted Tardiness in Tight-Tardy Progressive 1-machine Scheduling by Idling-free Preemptions
Authors: Vadim Romanuke
Published: December 2021

A job schedule ensuring the exact minimum of total weighted tardiness can be found with the respective integer linear programming problem model, in which the infinity showing that the respective states are either forbidden or impossible is substituted with a sufficiently great positive integer. An open question is whether the substitute can be selected so that the computation time would be decreased. Thus, it is ascertained that, whichever job lengths and its priority weights are, substituting the infinity with just “a sufficiently great positive integer” is never recommended. To decrease the computation time on average, it is strongly recommended to select the infinity substitute as multiple maximum over finite decision variable weights in the exact model. It is sufficient to take 2 to 5 such maxima as the infinity substitute. However, the shortened computation time is not guaranteed for solving a single or few scheduling problems. It is only an expected benefit, which builds up as a few hundred scheduling problems are solved at least.
Variation of Some Plant Growth Parameters in Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) with Copper Application
Authors: ÖZYAZICI Gülen , BEKTAŞ Yasemin
Published: December 2021

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of different copper (Cu) concentrations on some plant growth parameters in coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). The study was perfomed at the Agricultural Biotechnology growth room, Faculty of Agriculture, Siirt University (Turkey). In the study, the coriander Mardin province population was used as plant material. Five different doses of Cu (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 ppm) were applied to plants. Plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm), the number of branches per plant, the number of umbel per plant, the number of seeds in the main umbel, plant fresh, and dry weights (g) were determined. According to the results, the effect of different Cu concentrations in all growth parameters except stem diameter and number of branches were found to be significant. In the current study, plant height, stem diameter, number of branches, number of umbel, number of seeds in the main umbel, and plant fresh weight and dry weights were ranged between 41.31-52.79 cm, 1.57-2.18 mm, 3.07-5.71 per plant, 2.57-4.86 per plant, 13.36-37.86 per plant, 2.33-4.12 g and 0.239-0.550 g, respectively. In the study, it was concluded that coriander can be included in phytoremediation programs in Cu-contaminated areas.
THE USE OF A RESPIRATORY SAMPLE IN ANALYSIS OF MICROCIRCULATION AND MECHANISMS OF ITS REGULATION BY LDF METHOD IN NORMAL AND IN HYPOXIA
Authors: Ovchinnikova O. A
Published: December 2021

The state of microcirculation was assessed by laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) using a LAKK-02 computerized analyzer. The skin was tested in the Zaharna-Ged zone in the sitting position of the subject with an 8-minute recording before and after smoking at rest and after applying the breath test. When smoking even one cigarette, significant unfavorable changes in nutritional blood flow are observed, which indicate persistent vascular changes, deterioration of outflow from the microvasculature, which may indicate an increase in blood volume in the venular link and, in particular, this may be a sign of intravascular changes in the rheological properties of blood.
LIBERAL THINKING IN SALAF PESANTREN, IS IT POSSIBLE? (FREEDOM OF THOUGHT THE SANTRI MA’HAD ALY SUKOREJO, SITUBONDO)
Authors: Marjuni Marjuni , Raya Moch. Khafidz Fuad
Published: December 2021

The existence of Ma’had ‘Aly is an exciting thing and brings a narrative of controversy. Since being legalised in 2002, Ma’had ‘Aly has transformed into a modern Islamic educational institution under the auspices of a traditional Salaf pesantren. This article aims to explain Ma’had ‘Aly as an Islamic educational institution that specifically (takha??u?) produces fiqh experts and supports freedom of thought in exploring Islamic law. The research method uses a qualitative approach by studying documents extracted from the history of Ma’had ‘Aly, the takha??u? curriculum, and the Tanwirul Afkar (TA) bulletin. The results reveal the integration of the Ma’had ‘Aly curriculum, which is combined with the general curriculum and contemporary scriptures. Second, the controversy over TA as a forum for students to manifest their competence as fuqaha on various developing issues. Some of the controversial issues decided by TA were allowing interfaith marriages, allowing non-Muslim Indonesian President elections, and similarities between Islam and Christianity in relations and history. Some realities above show that Islamic liberal thought has emerged in salaf pesantren through Ma’had ‘Aly. The contribution of this research provides novelty that apparently Ma’had ‘Aly is trying to show that the door of ijtih?d in the excavation of Islamic jurisprudence is still wide open.
EFEKTIVITAS ABU CANGKANG SAWIT DALAM MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS MINYAK GORENG CURAH DAN MINYAK GORENG KEMASAN
Authors: Novita Lidya , Asih Esthy Rahman , Arsil Yuliana
Published: December 2021

Pemakaian minyak goreng berulang menyebabkan terjadinya oksidasi yang lebih tinggi pada minyak. Abu cangkang sawit dapat meningkatkan kualitas minyak jelantah karena bersifat adsorben. Tujuan penelitian ini menentukan efektivitas abu cangkang sawit dalam meningkatkan kualitas minyak jelantah dari pemakaian berulang minyak goreng curah dan kemasan ditinjau dari parameter kualitas minyak goreng sesuai Standard Nasional Indonesia (SNI). Metode dalam penelitian ini adalah menggunakan minyak curah dan kemasan dengan 4 kali pemakaian pada penggorengan ikan lele. Minyak jelantah hasil pengulangan kemudian diperlakukan dengan abu cangkang sawit pada kondisi optimum yang diperoleh pada penelitian sebelumnya yaitu perendaman 20 g abu cangkang sawit selama 2 minggu dalam 50 mL minyak jelantah. Hasil dalam penelitian ini diperoleh bahwa efektivitas abu cangkang sawit tertinggi yaitu pada pengulangan pemakaian minyak yang kedua kali (P2). Abu cangkang sawit lebih direkomendasikan untuk peningkatan kualitas minyak jelantah yang berasal dari minyak goreng kemasan (MK P2). Efektivitas abu cangkang sawit tertinggi pada MK P2 untuk parameter warna adalah sebesar 35,56%, kadar air 40,19%, asam lemak bebas 55,50%, angka peroksida 40,17%. Efektivitas abu cangkang sawit menurun dengan semakin banyaknya jumlah pemakaian minyak goreng.
ENERJİ TÜKETİMİ VE MAKROEKONOMİK DEĞİŞKENLERİN AMPİRİK ANALİZİ: TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: TOSUN Nergis
Published: December 2021

Enerji konusu ülke yönetimlerinin olduğu kadar akademik yazında da büyük ilgi görmektedir. Bu çalışmada da enerji tüketimi ile ekonomik büyüme, enflasyon, cari açık, ithalat değişkenleri arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla 1974- 2020 dönemini kapsayan 49 yıllık veri setine öncelikle durağanlığı incelemek amacıyla Fourier ADF Birim Kök Testi uygulanmıştır. Testin sonucuna göre değişkenlerin hepsinin I(1) seviyesinde durağan olduğu görülmüştür. Daha sonra seriler arasındaki eşbütünleşme ilişkisi Fourier ADL testi ile incelenmiştir. Analiz sonucunda değişkenler arasında uzun dönemli ilişki olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Değişkenler arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisi ise Toda Yamamoto (1995) nedensellik testi ile incelenmiştir. Analiz sonucunda ekonomik büyüme ile enerji tüketimi, ithalat ile enerji tüketimi arasında çift yönlü nedensellik, enerji tüketiminden cari açığa ve enflasyondan enerji tüketimine tek yönlü nedensellik elde edilmiştir.
PENGARUH PEREBUSAN DAN PEMADATAN TERHADAP SIFAT FISIS DAN ANATOMI KAYU JABON (Anthocephalus cadamba)
Authors: Nurrachmania Meylida , Rozalina Rozalina
Published: December 2021

Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan mutu kayu berkualitas rendah tersebut adalah dengan cara teknik densifikasi kayu atau pemadatan kayu dengan metode perebusan dan menganalisis pengaruhnya terhadap karakteristik kayu.Perebusan dilakukan selama 60 dan 12 menit dengan menggunakan kayu jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba) berukuran (10 x 5 x 2) cm pada papan tangensial, selanjutnya kayu dikempa panas (suhu 1700C) selama 3 menit dengan target pemadatan 50% dari ketebalan awal. Berdasakan hasil pengujian diperoleh nilai recovery of set untuk kontrol 64,93%; perebusan 60 menit 69,99% dan perebusan 120 menit 78,17%. Dan untuk kerapatannya setelah perlakuan: kontrol 0,58 gr/cm3; perebusan 60 menit 0,56 gr/cm3 dan perebusan 120 menit 0,60 gr/cm3.
SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI BORNEOL DARI α-PINENA GETAH PINUS (Pinus merkusii Jungh. & de Vriese)
Authors: Trisandi Pasaribu Gunawan , K. Waluyo Totok
Published: December 2021

Getah pinus diperoleh dari proses penyadapan pohon pinus (Pinus merkusii Jungh. & de Vriese). Setelah mengalami pengolahan, getah pinus akan menghasilkan produk berupa gondorukem dan terpentin. Pemanfaatan terpentin diantaranya untuk kosmetik, cat, campuran bahan pelarut, antiseptik, dan farmasi. Untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah produk terpentin dilakukan sintesis terpentin menjadi borneol. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik borneol yang diperoleh dari sintesis α-pinena menggunakan basa NaOH dan KOH. Metode yang dilakukan yaitu melalui reaksi reduksi logam natrium menggunakan dua jenis basa yaitu KOH dan NaOH. Senyawa yang diperoleh dikarakterisasi dengan FTIR, NMR, dan GCMS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari analisis FTIR 12 sampel hasil sintesis borneol menunjukkan puncak-puncak absorpsi yang cukup serupa dengan puncak yang muncul pada FTIR standar borneol. Hasil analisis NMR baik itu HNMR dan CNMR, jika dibandingkan dengan standar NMR senyawa α-pinena, kamfer, dan borneol, maka dapat dilihat bahwa puncak-puncak serapan masih menunjukkan perbedaan dengan ketiga senyawa tersebut. Hasil GCMS menunjukkan terbentuknya sintesis senyawa borneol dengan persentase 0,12-2,03%. Jenis basa dan asal terpentin yang digunakan tidak menunjukkan adanya perbedaan kadar borneol.
PENENTUAN DAN APLIKASI FORMULA PEREKAT NABATI DARI EKSTRAK KULIT KAYU MAHONI PADA LAMINASI KAYU JABON (Anthocephalus cadamba)
Authors: Abdurachman Abdurachman , Santoso Adi , Pari Rohmah
Published: December 2021

Kebutuhan perekat kayu berbasis fenolik dalam negeri tetap tinggi sedangkan bahan tersebut sampai saat ini merupakan bahan impor, sehingga diperlukan perekat alternatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan mempelajari karakteristik tanin mahoni dan formulasi efektif perekat alternatif berbahan baku ekstrak kulit pohon mahoni dengan ekstender tepung tapioka dan terigu industri untuk diaplikasikan pada produk komposit atau produk rekatan. Kulit kayu mahoni dipotong berukuran 2 cm x 1 cm x 0,1 cm, diekstraksi dengan air panas (70–80º C) pada perbandingan 1:3 (b/b, bahan/air) selama 3 jam dengan 2 kali pengulangan. Setelah produk ekstraksi disaring, filtratnya dikopolimerisasi menggunakan resorsinol dan formaldehida pada kondisi basa dan suhu kamar untuk menghasilkan resin tanin resorsinol formaldehida (TRF). Campuran tepung tapioka dan terigu industri (1:1 b/b) sebagai ekstender digunakan dalam aplikasi TRF pada pembuatan produk komposit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak cair kulit pohon mahoni ini dapat dikopolimerisasi membentuk resin yang dapat diaplikasikan sebagai perekat kayu dengan proses kempa dingin. Formula optimum perekat yang diperoleh adalah menggunakan campuran 0,25 mol resorsinol dan formaldehida 1 mol, dengan ekstender 15%, serta katalis (NaOH 40%) sebanyak 4% dari total bobot formula perekat. Karakteristik perekat tanin mahoni menyerupai perekat golongan fenolik tipe eksterior.
Potential of Hydroxybenzoic Acids From Graptopetalum paraguayense for Inhibiting of Herpes Simplex Virus DNA Polymerase – Metabolome Profiling, Molecular Docking and Quantum-chemical Analysis
Authors: Todorova Nadezhda Hristova , Rangelov Miroslav Angelov , Dincheva Ivayla Nedyalkova , Badjakov Ilian Kostadinov , Enchev Venelin Georgiev , Markova Nadezhda Vasileva
Published: December 2021

According to our previous investigation the total methanol extract from Graptopetalum paraguayense E. Walther demonstrates a significant inhibitory effect on HSV-1. To clarify what causes this inhibitory activity on HSV-1, a metabolic profile of the plant was performed. Three main fractions: non-polar substances, polar metabolites and phenolic compounds were obtained and GC-MS analysis was carried out. Since it is well known that phenolic compounds show a significant anti-herpes effect and that viral DNA polymerase (DNApol) appears to play a key role in HSV virus replication, we present a docking and quantum-chemical analysis of the binding of these compounds to viral DNApol amino acids. Fourteen different phenolic acids found by GS/MS analyses, were used in molecular docking simulations. According to the interaction energies of all fourteen ligands in the DNApol pockets based on docking results, DFT calculations were performed on the five optimally interacting with the receptor acids. It was found that hydroxybenzoic acids from phenolic fraction of Graptopetalum paraguayense E. Walther show a good binding affinity to the amino acids from the active site of the HSV DNApol, but significantly lower than that of acyclovir. The mode of action on virus replication of acyclovir (by DNApol) is different from that of the plant phenolic acids one, probably.
Evaluation of Kinetic Pseudo-Order in the Photocatalytic Degradation of Ofloxacin
Authors: Rytwo Giora , Zelkind Arye Lev
Published: December 2021

Ofloxacin is a highly efficient and widely used antibiotic drug. It is classified as a refractory pollutant due to its poor biodegradability. Consequently, it is commonly found in water sources, requiring efficient methods for its removal. Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) offer efficient alternatives since those yield complete degradation not achieved in adsorption or membrane processes. Previous studies suggest ofloxacin degradation follows a pseudo-first or -second order processes, whereas for full removal of refractory pollutants – lower pseudo-orders are required. Monitoring the actual “pseudo-order” degradation kinetics of ofloxacin is needed to evaluate any proposed AOP process. This study presents a simple procedure to evaluate pseudo-orders of AOPs. Photolysis of 20 mM ofloxacin solutions follow pseudo-zero order kinetics, with half-life times (t1/2) of approx. 60 min. TiO2 heterogenous catalyst show to have no influence at low concentration (0.2 mg L-1) but a significant reduction of half-life time (t1/2 = 20 min) and increase in pseudo-order (0.8) is measured at 2.0 mg L-1. Similar results are obtained with homogenous catalysis by 2.0 mg L-1 H2O2. The combination of H2O2 and TiO2 catalysts shows additional reduction in half-time life with increase in the pseudo-order to 1.2. The conclusions are (1) heterogenous and homogenous photocatalysis can effectively degrade ofloxacin, (2) combined photocatalysis yields higher pseudo-order, being less prone to achieve full removal, (3) analysis of specific pseudo-orders in AOPs of refractory pollutants helps to further elucidate the efficiency of the processes.