bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nghiên cứu chế tạo băng thử động cơ xe máy
Authors: Đoàn Phước Thọ , Nguyễn Thanh Tuấn
Published: May 2022

Băng thử được thiết kế và chế tạo xuất phát từ thực tế nghiên cứu về xe máy tại Việt Nam. Thành phần cấu tạo gồm hai con lăn đỡ và chịu tải trọng từ bánh xe truyền động của mô tô các chức năng bao gồm: đo tốc độ xe, xác định công suất động cơ, xác định lượng nhiên liệu tiêu thụ và suất tiêu hao nhiên liệu riêng có ích. Để xác định được các thông số yêu cầu thì băng thử có trang bị két đo chuẩn theo thể tích, cảm biến tốc độ bánh xe, bộ phận gây tải gồm máy phát một chiều và một phụ tải thuần trở có thể điều chỉnh công suất vô cấp. Các thông số này được kết xuất bằng phần mềm trên máy tính dưới dạng đồ thị và bảng biểu theo thời gian thực. Kích thước nhỏ gọn có thể di chuyển dễ dàng, các tính năng phù hợp trong nghiên cứu. Thực nghiệm cho thấy băng thử dễ dàng cài đặt và vận hành, kết quả thử nghiệm đạt yêu cầu. Kết quả nghiên cứu này góp phần đa dạng hóa nguồn cung cấp thiết bị thí nghiệm, đáp ứng các yêu cầu trong nghiên cứu về thử nghiệm động cơ xe máy, phù hợp với điều kiện thực tế tại Việt Nam
Slat Chain Conveyor with V-Block Assembly
Authors: Adinath Limbhore  , Yogesh Birajdar  , Shubhangi M. Handore
Published: May 2022

Chain conveyors are used for moving products down an assembly line and/or around a manufacturing or warehousing facility. Chain conveyors are primarily used to transport heavy unit loads, e.g. pallets, grid boxes, and industrial containers. These conveyors can be single or double chain strand in configuration. The load is positioned on the chains, the friction pulls the load forward. Chain conveyors are generally easy to install and have very minimum maintenance for users. Aimed to provide most segmented consumption and sales data of different types of Chain Conveyor, downstream consumption fields and competitive landscape in different regions and countries around the world, this report analyzes the latest market data from the primary and secondary authoritative source. The report also tracks the latest market dynamics, such as driving factors, restraining factors, and industry news like mergers, acquisitions, and investments. It provides market size (value and volume), market share, growth rate by types, applications, and combines both qualitative and quantitative methods to make micro and macro forecasts in different regions or countries.
Automatic Speed Control of Motor with Over Current and Thermal Protection
Authors: Mr. Sagar Raut  , Prof. (Mrs) B. S. Dani
Published: May 2022

This paper aims to design a controller to minimize the accidents of mechanical failure of industrial generators and motors under heavy load or malfunction. The controlling parameters such as the speed of motor is done via controlling the voltage and current fed to the motor. The speed control can be possible by using PWM technique. The factors which affect the motor can be sense using temperature and current sensor. The system also utilizes Over current & Thermal based backup protection scheme for failure protection.
Diabetes Prediction using Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
Authors: R. A. Jamadar  , Atharv Damle  , Om Patil  , Prajwal Zarekar
Published: May 2022

Diabetes is a fatal disease and its developments must be monitored continuously. If one is affected with this disease, it may stay throughout one’s life, depending upon the stage and severity. Furthermore, having too much glucose in the blood can cause health issues including kidney disease, heart disease, stroke, eye problems, dental disease, foot problems, nerve damage. So, one must take steps to avoid these complications and oversee one’s diabetes. The most common type of diabetes is type 1 and type 2. In this type of diabetes, the patient faces problems like the body is not able to produce or use insulin. In other kinds of diabetes, like gestational diabetes, which crop up during pregnancy. Gestational diabetes causes high blood sugar that can affect pregnant women’s and baby’s health. For diagnoses and administration of diabetes various Machine Learning and Data Mining methods are used. This study focuses on new developments in machine learning which have made significant impacts in the detection and diagnosis of diabetes. In this study, the machine learning algorithms are used to classify diabetes patients.
Effective Face Mask Detection by Deep ConvNeuralNets Learning for Covid-19 Prevention
Authors: Mr. Sangule Umesh  , Mr. Dhotre Shreeyash  , Mr. Raundal Yash  , Mr. Gaikwad Vikas  , Prof. Sharad M Rokade
Published: May 2022

In Recent years, COVID-19 is the buzzword in our society, since it is too much dangerous, believed as it is originated from China from the place of Wuhan in December 2019. This Disease is spreading from humans to humans through droplets and airborne. A methodology has to be developed recognize whether the people are wearing mask or not. Therefore, this paper proposes a framework to recognize the mask. Based on the features proposes a machine learning basis system which recognizes the mask from the inputted image. Existing system Only detecting the person who is not using a mask apart from that system will not predict whether the used mask safe or not. A better deep learning framework which predicts the people with mask or not so it will be helping the society is discussed and apart from that this, it extends the mean of finding what type of mask they are wearing also predicts the efficiency of mask so user can protect themselves from the dreadful corona virus.
Designing of Ultra-Wideband Microstrip Patch Antenna for WLAN Application – A Review
Authors: Miss. Deepali Ingle  , Dr. R. M. Deshmukh
Published: May 2022

As per the antenna theory, the main advantage of the microstrip patch antenna (MPA) is that it is small in size, suitable for flat and non-planar surfaces, and is simple to manufacture and low in cost using current printed circuit technology. Therefore, in this modern era, microstrip patch antennas are widely used in communication accessories. Ultra-Wide Band (UWB) technology is emerging as a promising solution to this problem. High data rates, large bandwidths and immunity to multipath interference are important features of UWB. UWB antennas must not create unwanted distortions and therefore good design is very important. This paper reviews the work done in this field to date and attempts to give an overall scenario of the research direction in UWB antenna design. This article has shown in the previous years of research that various antenna design methods in the ultra-wideband range, such as U-shaped cutting edge tapered grooves, DGS-based microstrip patch antennas, planar partially grounded patch antennas, and parasitic patch antennas, Fractal antennas and reconfigurable antennas.
Criminalização de mulheres pela lei de drogas nos discursos do Tribunal de Justiça de Sergipe
Authors: Souza Ithala Oliveira , Oliveira Ilzver De Matos , Souza Daniela De Andrade
Published: May 2022

Esse artigo se propõe a analisar a criminalização de mulheres pela Lei de Drogas através de uma sobreposição de marcadores sociais, como raça, classe e gênero nos discursos das decisões do Tribunal de Justiça de Sergipe. Ao longo do desenvolvimento, a proposta se alinha com uma crítica à Criminologia Feminista e à necessidade de um espaço epistêmico, onde seja atribuído às mulheres afro-latino-americanas a capacidade de falarem sobre si, suas trajetórias históricas e suas necessidades. Em especial, às mulheres negras, foco da pesquisa, visto que estão situadas na base das pirâmides sociais e, em decorrência das inúmeras vulnerabilidades que as atingem, mais propensas à persecução penal. O artigo apresenta e discute dados sobre a política genocida do estado e os interpreta sob a luz das discussões sobre os processos criminalizantes destas mulheres, a partir de um método descritivo, amparada pela revisão bibliográfica e análise documental. Demonstrou o descaso do poder judiciário em se atentar as diversas desigualdades sociais, raciais e de gênero que as mulheres condenadas pela citada lei estão submetidas, bem como a expressa motivação econômica e dos relacionamentos afetivos e/ou familiares na prática delitiva. A discussão se reveste de uma extrema necessidade visto que o ensino jurídico academicista não está preocupado em fazê-lo, tampouco o sistema está interessado em se reformular.
Democracia, crescimento e o fator civismo
Authors: Ribeiro Hilton Manoel Dias , Bittencourt Jamille Limeira
Published: May 2022

Este trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar a relação entre democracia e crescimento econômico, incorporando o fator “civismo” à análise. A partir de dois modelos, um de regressão logística ordenado e outro de dados em painel, busca-se identificar, primeiro, se o “nível de civismo” aumenta a probabilidade de indivíduos serem do tipo “democráticos”; segundo, no recorte para países, se o “nível de civismo”, associado à variável representativa de democracia, estão ligadas ao crescimento econômico. Os resultados revelam, para o recorte de indivíduos, que a participação política, o interesse político e o interesse por assuntos comunitários estão associados positivamente com a medida de democracia. Os resultados para o recorte de países indicam que: (i) a variável “democracia” isolada não tem associação significativa com o produto interno bruto per capita; (i) quando a medida de democracia é associada ao “nível de civismo”, estas revelam-se positivamente associadas à variável econômica (PIB per capita). A importância das instituições informais para a efetividade das instituições políticas não é novidade na literatura e as análises empíricas podem colaborar com as discussões teóricas. Assim, os resultados sugerem que o fator “civismo” pode se constituir como valor importante para o debate sobre a relação entre a democracia e o crescimento econômico.
O direito administrativo do medo na prática judicial: resultados das ações de improbidade administrativa julgadas pelo TJDFT entre 2015 e 2020.
Authors: Borborema Bruno Novaes
Published: May 2022

O artigo se propõe a demonstrar que o controle administrativo tem sido exercido de modo disfuncional no estado brasileiro, como decorrência de um padrão de atuação burocrático, sobreposição de funções e captura da função executiva pelos controladores a partir do uso de princípios, o que é capaz de gerar ineficiência, aumentar indevidamente os custos, afastar bons profissionais e limitar a inovação no serviço público. Primeiro, foi indicada a importância do controle e as causas pelas quais este se degenerou em excessos. Depois, se apontou a ação por ato de improbidade administrativa como grave instrumento do controle e quais as principais críticas que lhe são dirigidas. Na sequência, foi feito um estudo empírico, de natureza quantitativa, quanto às decisões do Tribunal de Justiça do Distrito Federal e Territórios (TJDFT) nas referidas ações. A relevância do trabalho se assenta na abordagem empírica de dados e por se inserir numa crescente corrente de pensamento que busca aprimorar o funcionamento dos mecanismos de fiscalização do exercício da função pública. A conclusão é que a proporção de decisões de improcedência e a disparidade de resultados a depender do órgão fracionário do tribunal confirmam a hipótese de que esse instrumento de controle tem sido utilizado de modo inadequado.
Uma resposta Dworkiniana para a colisão de princíipios de Direitos Humanos em tempos de COVID-19: direito à saúde versus direito de propriedade exclusiva sobre patentes farmacêuticas
Authors: Meleu Marcelino Silva , Thaines Aleteia Hummes
Published: May 2022

Argumentos de princípio justificam uma decisão política que deve garantir um direito de um indivíduo ou de um grupo, todavia, quando ocorre a colisão entre princípios fundamentais qual escolher? A resposta poderá partir de uma perspectiva procedural ou conteudística. Na primeira, ela advém de um processo subsuntivo/dedutivo. Na segunda, do mundo prático e da diferença ontológica. Com base na segunda perspectiva, de cariz Dworkiniana, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo enfrentar a contraposição entre o direito à saúde e o direito de propriedade intelectual inserto nas patentes farmacêuticas, ambos declarados Direitos Humanos Fundamentais. Com o advento do COVID-19 e a corrida por remédios, vacinas e insumos, há de se enfrentar a questão sobre o alcance de direito de propriedade das patentes farmacêuticas. Afinal, de propriedade privada ou mundial? O aprofundamento teórico do estudo baseou-se na pesquisa bibliográfica, utilizando-se o método dialético. Conclui-se que, em cenário de sindemia mundial, o direito de exclusividade sobre a propriedade de patentes farmacêuticas deve ser mitigado, face ao direito universal à saúde, o que representa uma adequação aos contornos de coerência e integridade propostos por Ronald Dworkin.
Ortognatik Cerrahi Vakalarında Ameliyat Öncesi 2 Boyutlu Görsel Tedavi Hedefi Sonuçlarının Tedavi Sonrası İle Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Soğancı Ahmet Ertan , Esen Alparslan , Metli Şule Nur
Published: May 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, ortognatik cerrahi tedavilerin sonucunu tahmin etmek için kullanılan 2 boyutlu görsel tedavi hedeflerinin, lateral sefalometrik ölçümlerdeki değerlerini tespit ederek, bu değerlerin cerrahi sonuçları ölçüm değerleri ile karşılaştırarak
incelemektir.
Gereç ve yöntemler: Bu çalışmaya yaş ortalaması 21.55 olan ve çift çene ortognatik cerrahi uygulanan iskeletsel sınıf III maloklüzyonlu toplam 20 hasta (11 kadın, 9 erkek) dahil edildi. Ameliyat öncesi lateral sefalometrik radyografi ölçüm değerleri(T1), ile
ameliyattan 1 ay sonrasındaki değerler(T2) ve ameliyat öncesi ölçümlerin 2 boyutlu yazılım kullanılarak kaydedildiği görsel tedavi
hedefleri değerleri(T3) ile karşılaştırılmıştır.
Bulgular: Yapılan sefalometrik ölçümlerde; SNA (T1-T2,T1-T3:P<0.001**,T2-T3:P=1.00), SNB (T1-T2, T1-T3:P<0.001** T2-
T3:P=0.509), ANB (T1-T2,T1-T3:P<0.001**, T2-T3:P=0.709),WITS (T1-T2,T2-T3:P<0.001*,T2-T3P=0.709), FMA (T1-T2:P<0.008*T1-
T3:P<0.007*, T2-T3:P=0.998), SnGoGN (T1-T2:P<0.005,T1-T3:P<0.043, T2-T3:P=0.682) değerlerinde ortognatik cerrahi öncesi ve
sonrası değerlerinde anlamlı fark bulunurken, görsel tedavi hedefleri ile tedavi sonrası değerleri arasındaki fark anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Nazolabial açı değerlerinde ise (T1-T2:P<0.047,T1-T3:P<0.001**,T2-T3:P<0.012*) hem tedavi başlangıcı ile tedavi sonu
değerlerinde hem de görsel tedavi hedefleri ve tedavi sonuçları arasındaki fark anlamlı bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Ortognatik cerrahi olacak hastalarda, görsel tedavi hedeflerinde iki boyutlu yazılım değerlendirmelerinin sert doku, iskeletsel planlama ve tahmin için kullanılabileceği ancak yumuşak doku değerlendirmeleri için yetersiz olduğu kanısına varılmıştır.
Appendices bij Nollet & Stienstra
Authors: Nollet Mayke , Stienstra Kim
Published: May 2022

  

The effect of teacher expectations on boys’ underperformance in reading Prior research indicates a gender gap in reading performance among primary school students in which boys underperform compared to girls. Based on theories on gender differences in teacher expectations and how low teacher expectations lead to low student reading performance, we, firstly, examined to what extent teacher expectations can explain this gender gap in reading performance. Secondly, by including theories on gender stereotype threat and stigmatization, we studied the possible ‘buffering’ effect of high teacher expectations against boys’ underperformance in reading. The 2016 Dutch PIRLS data were used to examine the mediating and moderating effect of teacher expectations on the effect of student gender on students’ actual reading performance. The conducted multilevel analyses show that, although the gender gap in reading performance indeed exists, teacher expectations do not significantly explain or buffer it. Limitations of the current research and implications for future research are discussed.
Appendix bij Van Helvoirt en Geurts
Authors: Helvoirt Daniëlle van , Geurts Nella
Published: May 2022

  

A key principle in Dutch society is that everyone should and can participate equally. However, Muslim citizens do not participate as much in society as other Dutch citizens. This paper explores when Dutch Muslims’ religious practices increase or decrease the likelihood to participate in formal and informal citizen initiatives by exploring the role of experienced discrimination and political trust as moderators on the individual level. Using MI-ID survey data, logistic regression analyses test hypotheses based on socialization and social identity theory. Results show that the individual context is key. Practicing collective religiosity is positively related to participation in an informal citizens’ initiative, and this effect is stronger when more discrimination is perceived. We moreover find that experiencing more political trust brings about a negative association between practicing individual religiosity and participation in an informal citizens’ initiative. With respect to formal citizens’ initiatives, we conclude that those who more often practice individual religiosity are more likely to participate, and that this association is stronger when more political trust and discrimination is perceived. As such, we conclude that insights in these conditions on the individual level offer insight in mixed findings in previous research.
Validity assessment of self-reported smoking status to detection of urine cotinine levels among patients with tuberculosis undergoing tobacco cessation treatment
Authors: Purushothama Jagannath , Badiger Sanjeev , Kumar Nanjesh , Baikunje Nandakishore , D'souza Neevan , D'Mello Mackwin , Olickal Jeby Jose
Published: May 2022

Introduction and Aim: Tobacco cessation programs by and large use self-reporting as the gold standard for assessing tobacco use. However, self-reporting may be skewed due to the socio-demographic profile and the context in which the respondents share their tobacco history after undergoing tobacco cessation treatment. It is therefore, imperative to validate the respondents’ self-reported smoking status in an effective manner. Hence, this study aimed in validating the self-reported smoking status of study participants with their urine cotinine levels in a randomized controlled trial on smoking cessation.
 
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Dakshina Kannada district of Karnataka to validate the self-reported smoking status of 300 participants. A seven-day point prevalence of smoking status was assessed based on a questionnaire and validated further using the semi-quantitative urine cotinine test at the end of a randomized smoking cessation study.
 
Results: The sensitivity and specificity of self-reported smoking status was 73.17% and 95.79% respectively. Other validity indicators like positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and accuracy were estimated to be 97.40%, 62.33%, 17.38%, 0.28%, and 80.33% respectively. Cohen’s kappa statistics showed a substantial agreement (k=0.61; SE= 0.04) between the two test methods. Educational status and the level of motivation to quit showed a significant association between the test methods.
 
Conclusion: Self-reported smoking status of participants is not sensitive in identifying smokers thus leading to under-reporting.
año de la modernización
Authors: Ibisate Francisco Javier
Published: May 2022

Cuestionamiento de las definiciones corrientes de modernización, impregnadas de economicismo. El autor recuerda que la modernización va más allá de la economía y propone como parámetro la satisfacción social. La modernización debe ser tan universal como la paz social. Si la satisfacción social no se produce, no se moderniza.
ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 51, No. 567-568, 1996: 59-76.
Iglesia salvadoreña en el siglo XX
Authors: González Luis Armando
Published: May 2022

No hay resúmenes disponibles. 

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 51, No. 567-568, 1996: 77-81.
Cultura y sociedad en El Salvador
Authors: González Luis Armando
Published: May 2022

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 51, No. 567-568, 1996: 90-93.
Enero-febrero
Authors: El Editor
Published: May 2022

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 51, No. 567-568, 1996: 95-102.
Derechos Humanos ; Acuerdos de paz ; La profesión militar
Authors: El Editor
Published: May 2022

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 51, No. 567-568, 1996: 127-135.
realidad económica y las opciones de una política económica alternativa
Authors: Martínez Nicolás
Published: May 2022

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 51, No. 570, 1996: 354-357.
Abril
Authors: El Editor
Published: May 2022

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 51, No. 570, 1996: 373-378.
Diciembre 1995
Authors: El Editor
Published: May 2022

No hay resúmenes disponibles.

ECA Estudios Centroamericanos, Vol. 51, No. 570, 1996: 379-384.
A profile of soccer injuries in selected league amateur indoor and outdoor soccer players in the greater Durban area
Authors:   , Archary Nigel Wayne
Published: May 2022

Objectives: To determine a profile of soccer injuries prevalent in amateur Indoor and Outdoor soccer players in the greater Durban areas. Methods: This study used the Outdoor Supersport corporate league and the Kwa-Zulu Natal (KZN) Indoor soccer league. A total of 103 out of a possible 147 players participated in the study which included 41 Outdoor and 62 Indoor players. The Indoor soccer players were contacted to complete the questionnaire at their match days at the Gale street Indoor soccer arena and the Outdoor players were contacted during their training sessions and/or match days. The researcher was present to answer any questions posed by the participants. In the case of participants having difficulty in understanding English, a bilingual Zulu translator accompanied the researcher in every interaction with the participants. Results: Out of a total of 103 participants, the foot/ankle (62.1%) was the most frequently injured site. This was followed closely by the knee (55.3%). The rest of the sites in descending order were wrist, back, head, elbow, shoulder, chest, genital and abdomen. All participants reported a first injury, 69 participants reported a second injury and 27 participants reported a third injury. Outdoor soccer players reported the knee as being the most affected area, while Indoor soccer players injured the foot/ankle frequently. Furthermore, age was stated as a significant positive correlation when compared with number of sessions missed, meaning the older the participants, the more sessions they missed. The findings suggest that the use of protective equipment can decrease injury rates due to the use of ankle guards decreasing missed sessions. Conclusion: The profile of soccer injuries in selected amateur league Indoor and Outdoor soccer players in the greater Durban area has been described in this study. In terms of number of injuries, there seems to be no significant differences iv between Indoor and Outdoor soccer players. With regard to site of injuries, the lower limb was affected more than any other body part. The Outdoor players showed more knee injuries than the Indoor players who showed higher incidences of foot/ankle injuries.
The relative effect of manipulation and core rehabilitation in the treatment of acute mechanical lower back pain in athletes
Authors:   , Campbell Jennifer
Published: May 2022

Objectives The objectives were to compare the relative effect of manipulation and core rehabilitation in the treatment of acute mechanical lower back pain in athletes. Project Design: The study design was a randomized controlled parallel group trial. A quantitative study was performed, by making use of a pre Ã Ã Ã Â¢ and post experimental investigation (Nansel et al. 1993 and Naidoo, 2002). Setting: Participants presenting with acute low back pain with an onset of 7 days or less, to the Chiropractic Day Clinic at the Durban University of Technology. Subjects: Thirty athletic participants, either male or female, between the ages of 18 and 45 years presented at the initial consultation which included participant screening and establishment of their suitability for the study. These were then divided into either group A (which received a manipulation) or group B (which received core exercises). Outcome measure: A correct contraction of the core stability muscles was maintained, with a decrease in pressure (in mm Hg) on a Pressure Biofeedback Unit, and an increase in length of time (in seconds). Results: It was found that there was no significant difference between the manipulation and the core rehabilitation groups. Although both groups showed v improvement with regards to their acute mechanical low back pain, the core rehabilitation group improved at a significantly faster rate than the manipulation group with regards to endurance on the stabilizer. Conclusions: Both treatments were equally beneficial for most of the quantitative outcomes measured in this study. However, for the outcome of time on the stabilizer, the core rehabilitation group improved at a significantly faster rate than the manipulation group (p=0.006).
A retrospective survey of the career paths and demographics of Durban University of Technology (DUT) chiropractic graduates
Authors:   , Black Elmi
Published: May 2022

Aims and Objectives: To assess the demographics, career paths and factors affecting chiropractic graduates of Durban University of Technology (DUT) from June 1994 to June 2007. Method: A retrospective qualitative survey was conducted on 62 chiropractic graduates of DUT. The sample represented 25.5% of the total chiropractic population. Raw data regarding the demographics, respondents’ perception of their education, current career paths, the factors responsible for affecting these career paths, as well as a profile of chiropractic practices in South Africa (SA) was obtained. All data acquired was assessed using SAS (Statistical Analysis System) version 9.1.3. The data was purely descriptive, describing respondents’ career paths and their experiences, and no specific hypothesis was investigated. Results: The average respondent was found to be a married, white male who started his chiropractic career at age 25-26 years. A total of 98.4% (n = 61) of the respondents were currently in practice, with 80.6% (n = 50) indicating career satisfaction. The majority (62.9%; n = 39) of respondents perceived there to be a growing acceptance of chiropractic within the medical community, whilst 98.4% (n = 61) stated that they are currently part of an active referral system between various other medical practitioners. 46% (n = 23) listed DUT as their preferred choice of chiropractic institution. Conclusion and Recommendations: The majority of respondents’ indicated DUT as the preferred choice of chiropractic institution due to its location and the system of chiropractic taught (diversified). However, shortcomings in the education were highlighted to be a lack of practically applicable knowledge taught at undergraduate level, most especially business skills and speciality areas and that respondents’ perceived the qualification not to be as versatile and widely accepted as other international chiropractic qualifications. Factors responsible for positively affecting the career paths of chiropractic graduates were indicated to be the personality type of the graduate, the means to finance a practice, support from parents and spouse or partner and the level of acceptance graduates received from the public and other professions within the medical sector. A recommendation for future studies is that a longer time period be given for questionnaires to be returned and a larger sample group be established in order to ensure that the sample group and total population is homogenous.
A study to determine the international federations' perception and utilization of chiropractors and other sports medical personnel
Authors:   , Cloete Kirsten Leigh
Published: May 2022

Objectives: To investigate the International Sports Federations’ (IFS) perception and utilization of chiropractors and other sports medical personnel, and to compare results between the executive committees and medical commissions within federations. Methods: A specially designed, quantitative questionnaire was used to collect data from the 65 federations belonging to the General Assembly of International Federations of Sport (GAIFS). The questionnaire distribution took place via e-mail, with the secretary of each federation being requested to forward a copy of the questionnaire to a member of the federation’s executive committee and medical commission respectively. Follow-up telephone calls were also made to further encourage a response from participants. After an 8-week period, returned questionnaires were collected and data was analyzed. Results: From the results obtained (30% response rate), it would seem that perceptions vary greatly. This is most evident when one compares the perceptions of the medical commission members to those of the executive committee members. The medical commission on a whole, appears to favour the more traditional medical professions, while the executive committee seems to be more holistic in their approach to treatment options. In terms of current utilization, chiropractors are currently represented on 16% of medical teams, although chiropractors are able, within their scope of practice, to provide 70% of the federations’ most requested techniques / modalities for competitions. There appears to be little / no criteria governing the selection of medical personnel, however most of the federations agreed that a chiropractor with a post-graduate diploma in sports injuries, would be seen in a more favourable light for selection. Conclusions: The perceptions and utilization of chiropractors and other sports medical personnel varies greatly between federations, which may be due to a number of factors related to the formulation of perception itself. In addition, there appears to be a discrepancy between the opinions of the executive committees and medical commission of the participating federations.
An in vitro investigation of the flexural strength and microstructure of "stick glass fiber" and "wire mesh" reinforced heat cured denture base acrylic
Authors:   , Kiilu Paul Muli
Published: May 2022

Globally in the field of Dental Technology, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) resin continues to be the popular material for the fabrication of denture bases in removable prosthodontics. However, the mechanical strength of the denture base is a concern due to fractures occurring intra-orally or when accidentally dropped. The objective of this in vitro investigation was therefore to evaluate and compare the flexural strength and microstructure of stick® glass fibre and wire mesh reinforced PMMA resin after thermocycling. The selection of the materials used in this study was based primarily on their popularity and availability in South Africa. These materials were selected to ensure that the results of this study would have further implicational value in the commercial dental industry when published. This investigation was conducted by means of fabricating a total of 90 PMMA resin specimens and divided in three groups consisting of 30 specimens each. Sample groups 1 and 2 were reinforced with stick® glass fibres and wire mesh respectively. The un-reinforced sample group was the control. All 90 specimens were thermocycled in water at temperatures between 5˚C and 55˚C for 2100 cycles. The flexural strength of each specimen was tested using a universal testing machine and the microstructure of the fractured surfaces was then analysed using scanning electron microscopes (SEM). SPSS version 15.0 was used for data analysis. A p-value of <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Data were analysed using parametric and non-parametric statistical methods. Statistically significant differences in flexural strength existed between the three sample groups (p<0.001) with the stick® glass fibre and wire mesh sample groups being significantly superior to the control. Furthermore there was a significant association between fracture modes and sample groups. Microscopic analysis revealed the presence of voids. Statistically, in terms of microstructure (% of voids present), a significant difference existed between all sample groups. With regards to surface texture of the compression and tension sides of the test specimens, significant differences existed between the three sample groups. Furthermore microscopic analysis revealed partial impregnation and distribution of the fibres to the PMMA resin matrix and un-bonding between the wire mesh and PMMA resin matrix. Statistically, the Mann-Whitney test was conducted to compare flexural strength between sample groups with and without voids. The flexural strength was higher in sample groups with voids than those without. This is an important finding from the clinical perspective because, in some structures of dentures, toughness is a desired property. Nevertheless in order to find the long-term data especially on clinical behaviour of these new fibre reinforcement systems, more studies should be conducted.
Training Tomorrow’s AI Workforce: The Latent Potential of Community and Technical Colleges
Authors: Gehlhaus Diana , Koslosky Luke
Published: May 2022

Community and technical colleges offer enormous potential to grow, sustain, and diversify the U.S. artificial intelligence (AI) talent pipeline. However, these institutions are not being leveraged effectively. This report evaluates current AI-related programs and the associated number of graduates. The authors find that few AI and AI-related degrees and certificates are being awarded today. They propose five recommendations to address existing challenges and harness the potential of these institutions to train tomorrow’s AI workforce.
Estrategias de ventas para mejorar la liquidez de la empresa DENIM ART. S.A. Lima, Perú 2020
Authors: Castillo Olivera Flor María , Cheverre Romero Noemi , Oblitas Otero Roberto Carlos
Published: May 2022

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo determinar la influencia de las estrategias de ventas en la liquidez de la empresa Denim Art. S.A. Lima 2020. Asimismo, la metodología fue de tipo básica, de diseño no experimental – transversal descriptiva y de enfoque cuantitativo; por consiguiente, la población estaba conformada por 14 colaboradores; por ende, la muestra estuvo conformada por el gerente general de la empresa Denim Art. S.A.; mientras la técnica que se empleó fue entrevista por medio del instrumento guía de entrevista. Por otro lado, en los resultados se obtuvo que el gerente general de la empresa Denim Art. S.A. opinó que la fidelización de los clientes es regular por la falta de marcas, asimismo el personal no realiza capacitaciones enfocadas a las ventas o en la captación de los clientes y por último, la empresa Denim Art. S.A. no empleó las plataformas digitales por la ausencia o demora en los programas virtuales. En cuanto a la liquidez la empresa no presenta un alto desempeño en la cuenta de activos por la ausencia de materiales y stock de los productos. Se concluyó que existe una correlación entre las variables de 0.679, una significancia de 0.000, por ende, se acepta la hipótesis de la investigación.
Planificación estratégica de tecnología de la información para la Universidad Técnica Luis Vargas Torres de Esmeraldas, basado en COBIT 2019
Authors: Sacón-Klinger Héctor Andrés , Patiño Susana , Rodríguez Vizuete Jaime Darío , Mora-Olivero Aldo Patricio , Quiñonez Godoy Néstor , Macías-Lara Richard Alejandro
Published: May 2022

COBIT 2019 (Gobierno, Control y Revisión de la Información y Tecnologías Relacionadas) presenta un ciclo de vida garantizando que los recursos de TI trabajen de modo holístico con relación a la institución sujeta a estudio. El presente trabajo de investigación se realizó con el objetivo de diseñar un Plan Estratégico aplicando la metodología COBIT 2019 en la Universidad Técnica Luis Vargas Torres de Esmeraldas (UTLVTE). La investigación fue de tipo descriptiva y aplicada, se inició el estudio con la identificación de las principales falencias por medio de la aplicación de la guía de diseño de COBIT 2019 a la gestión TI, partiendo de un instrumento de medición. Dentro de los resultados de la evaluación se evidenció como principales debilidades la gestión de aseguramiento, gestión del presupuesto y la deficiencia en la estabilidad de los servicios. La investigación permitió concluir en estrategias para la planificación del departamento TI, con la finalidad de ampliar el grado de madurez en el diseño y seguimiento de un plan de innovación, soporte y mantenimiento, para lograr una alta disponibilidad de servicios al usuario.
USO DE CREATINA EM PRATICANTES DE EXERCÍCIOS FÍSICOS E SUA CORRELAÇÃO COM INJURIAS RENAIS: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA
Authors: Chimelli Yuri Serpa , Magrani Gefson Couto
Published: May 2022

Atualmente a creatina é um dos aminoácidos mais utilizados por praticantes de atividades físicas que visam uma melhora da performance. Essa substância consegue otimizar o gasto energético por possuir a capacidade de carrear uma molécula de fosfato ao tecido muscular e doar esta para o ADP ( difosfato de adenonisa) restabelecendo ligações energéticas e elevando os níveis de ATP ( trifosfato de adenosina) musculares. Contudo, apesar da sua eficácia no aumento da força, essa substância tem sido muito debatida no meio científico, por haver relatos que sugerem sua associação a possíveis danos renais. Uma vez que o aumento desse elemento no organismo pode acarretar elevação da creatinina sérica oriunda de uma reação não enzimática que une a creatina com a fosfocreatina. Dessa forma, o objetivo dessa revisão de literatura é buscar se há  uma correlação entre injuria do parênquima renal associado ao uso de creatina.
Conditions favorable for secondary ice production in Arctic mixed-phase clouds
Authors: Pasquier Julie Thérèse , Henneberger Jan , Ramelli Fabiola , Lauber Annika , David Robert Oscar , Wieder Jörg , Carlsen Tim , Gierens Rosa , Maturilli Marion , Lohmann Ulrike
Published: May 2022

Abstract. The Arctic is very susceptible to climate change and thus warming much faster than the rest of the world. Clouds influence terrestrial and solar radiative fluxes, and thereby impact the amplified Arctic warming. The partitioning of thermodynamic phases (i.e. ice crystals and water droplets) within mixed-phase clouds (MPCs) especially influences their radiative properties. However, the processes responsible for ice crystal formation remain only partially characterized. In particular, so-called secondary ice production (SIP) processes, which create supplementary ice crystals from primary ice crystals and the environmental conditions that they occur in, are poorly understood. The microphysical properties of Arctic MPCs were measured during the Ny-Ålesund AeroSol Cloud ExperimENT (NASCENT) campaign to obtain a better understanding of the atmospheric conditions favorable for the occurrence of SIP processes. To this aim, the in-situ cloud microphysical properties retrieved by a holographic cloud imager mounted on a tethered balloon system were complemented by ground-based remote sensing and ice nucleating particle measurements. During six days investigated in this study, SIP occurred during 40 % of the in-cloud measurements and high SIP events with number concentrations larger than 10 L-1 of small pristine ice crystals in 3.5 % of the in-cloud measurements. This demonstrates the role of SIP for Arctic MPCs. The highest concentrations of small pristine ice crystals were produced at temperatures between -3 °C and -5 °C and were related to the occurrence of drizzle drops freezing upon collision with ice crystals. This suggests that a large fraction of ice crystals in Arctic MPCs is produced via the droplet shattering mechanism. From evaluating the ice crystal images, we could identify ice-ice collision as a second SIP mechanism that dominated when fragile ice crystals were observed. Moreover, SIP occurred over a large temperature range and was observed in up to 95 % of the measurements down to -24 °C due to the occurrence of ice-ice collisions. This emphasizes the importance of SIP at temperatures below -8 °C, which are currently not accounted for in most numerical weather models.
Particle size distribution and PM concentrations during synoptic and convective dust events in West Texas
Authors: Ardon-Dryer Karin , Kelley Mary C.
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Dust events are an important and complex constituent of the atmospheric system that can impact Earth’s climate, the environment, and human health. The frequency of dust events in West Texas has increased over the past two decades, yet their impact on air quality in this region is still unclear as there is only one air quality monitoring station that measures only PM2.5 concentrations (Particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm), and there is no information on other PM sizes or particle size distribution. The Aerosol Research Observation Station (AEROS) unit provides insight into the local variation of particle concentration during different dust events and allows for a better understanding of the impact of dust events on air quality. Since the west Texas area is prone to dust events, we were wondering if dust events generated by different meteorological causes (synoptic vs convective) will present similar particle concentrations or particle size distributions. In this project, three different dust events were measured by AEROS and compared. Each dust event originated from a different direction and lasted a different duration. One of the dust events was synoptic (April 10, 2019) and two were convective (June 5 and 21, 2019). Measurements of particle mass and number concentration, size distribution, and meteorological conditions for each dust event were compared. The Synoptic dust event (of April 10) was longer (12 h) and had stronger wind speed conditions (up to 22.1 m sec-1), while the two convective dust events lasted only 20 and 30 minutes and had lower wind speeds (up to 16.5 and 13.4 m sec-1 for June 5 and 21, respectively). Observation of PM based on daily and hourly values showed an impact on air quality, yet measurements based on daily and hourly values underestimate the impact of the convective dust events. Observations based on a shorter time scale (10-minutes) reveal the true impact of the two convective dust events. A comparison of particle size distribution showed that all three dust events had an increase of particles in the size range of 0.3 to 10 µm. Some particle sizes even increase the concentration by ~2 orders of magnitude compared to the time before the dust event. Leading us to speculate that the impact on air quality of convective dust events in this region is underestimated with the current (hourly basis) method.
Relationship between the stocks of carbon in non-cultivated trees and soils in a West-African forest-savanna transition zone
Authors: Ilboudo Tegawende Léa Jeanne , Diby Lucien NGuessan , Kiba Delwendé Innocent , Vågen Tor Gunnar , Winowiecki Leigh Ann , Nacro Hassan Bismarck , Six Johan , Frossard Emmanuel
Published: May 2022

Abstract. Carbon is a key element for the functioning and productivity of tropical soils. While the impact of organic inputs on carbon storage in these soils is known, little is known about the contribution of non-cultivated trees. In this study, we measured carbon content in non-cultivated trees (VC), soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil total nitrogen (TN) in different land uses in a West African forest – savanna transition zone. We used the Land Degradation Surveillance Framework for data collection and allometric equations to estimate the stocks of VC on a 10 km * 10 km landscape. Soil samples were taken in 160 sites at 0–20 cm, 20–50 cm, 50–80 cm and 80–110 cm depth in different land uses. We developed Partial Least Square regression models to predict SOC, TN and clay concentrations from mid-infrared soil spectra. We then considered soil bulk density to calculate the stocks of SOC and TN for each sampling depth and conducted a path analysis to identify the factors controlling these parameters. Our results showed that at landscape level, tree density and diversity explained most of VC stocks variability. SOC stock variability was mainly explained by clay content. The main drivers of TN stocks were clay and SOC stock. The VC and SOC stocks were not correlated with each other when considering all data. However, we found significant linear positive relationships between VC and SOC stocks for the land uses annual croplands, perennial croplands, grasslands and bushlands without soil depth restrictions until 110 cm. We concluded that in the forest-savanna transition zone, soil properties and topography determine land use, which in turn affects the stocks of SOC and TN and to some extent the VC stocks. Bushlands conservation and perennial trees cropping systems could be recommended for improved SOC storage.
Qualitative-quantitative protocol for studying the interaction between fungi and between fungi and bacteria to produce bio-fertilising co-inoculants 
Authors: Mocali Stefano , Canfora Loredana , Pinzari Flavia
Published: May 2022

The production, formulation and use on agricultural soils of biofertiliser or biostimulant mixtures containing several species of microorganisms is becoming increasingly common. The study of the interactions between the biological components of such products is less frequent. Often the marketed mixtures combine a high microbial load, in the form of both spores and propagules of fungi and bacteria whose positive or negative synergies are tested only to a limited extent, mainly because of the costs involved in field trials. The in vitro study of interactions between fungi or between fungi and bacteria is very important for understanding what can be expected in vivo, i.e. once microorganisms are released in large quantities into soils that already have local microbial communities.  The use of innovative techniques such as digital qPCR and phenotype microarrays now makes it possible to rapidly test thousands of interactions between two or more microorganisms. In this work, a method is proposed to evaluate the positive or negative effects of co-inoculums of different microorganisms on some main biological functions, and in particular the use of defined nutritive sources. The proposed protocol combines the application of commercial BiologR microplates with the quantification of the biomass of the individual co-inoculated strains by means of molecular tracing techniques and digital qPCR analysis. In vitro analysis of the effects of interactions is crucial because competition or commensalism can give rise to new compounds (i.e. enzymes, antibiotics, allopathic molecules) or behaviours (production of resistant structures, cellular apoptosis, changes in life cycle as perfect state inhibition or stimulation, etc.), which in turn can have definite effects on both the efficacy of the product and the variability of its properties.
CIOFC1.0: a Common Parallel Input/Output Framework Based on C-Coupler2.0
Authors: Yu Xinzhu , Liu Li , Sun Chao , Jiang Qingu , Zhao Biao , Zhang Zhiyuan , Yu Hao , Wang Bin
Published: May 2022

Abstract. As Earth system modeling develops ever finer grid resolutions, the inputting and outputting (I/O) of the increasingly large data fields becomes a processing bottleneck. Many models developed in China, as well as the Community Coupler (C-Coupler), do not fully benefit from existing parallel I/O supports. This paper reports the design and implementation of a Common parallel Input/Output Framework based on C-Coupler2.0 (CIOFC1.0). Parallelization by CIOFC1.0 can accelerate the I/O of large data fields. The framework also allows convenient specification by users of the I/O settings; e.g., the data fields for I/O, the time series of the data files for I/O, and the data grids in the files. The framework can also adaptively input data fields from a time-series dataset during model integration, automatically interpolate data when necessary, and output fields either periodically or irregularly. CIOFC1.0 demonstrates the cooperative development of an I/O framework and coupler, and thus enables convenient and simultaneous use of a coupler and an I/O framework.