bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Logics for Sizes with Union or Intersection
Authors: Kisby Caleb , Blanco Saul , Kruckman Alex , Moss Lawrence
Published: June 2020

This paper presents the most basic logics for reasoning about the sizes of sets that admit either the union of terms or the intersection of terms. That is, our logics handle assertions All x y and AtLeast x y, where x and y are built up from basic terms by either unions or intersections. We present a sound, complete, and polynomial-time decidable proof system for these logics. An immediate consequence of our work is the completeness of the logic additionally permitting More x y. The logics considered here may be viewed as efficient fragments of two logics which appear in the literature: Boolean Algebra with Presburger Arithmetic and the Logic of Comparative Cardinality.
Explanations for Inconsistency-Tolerant Query Answering under Existential Rules
Authors: Lukasiewicz Thomas , Malizia Enrico , Molinaro Cristian
Published: June 2020

Querying inconsistent knowledge bases is a problem that has attracted a great deal of interest over the last decades. While several semantics of query answering have been proposed, and their complexity is rather well-understood, little attention has been paid to the problem of explaining query answers. Explainability has recently become a prominent problem in different areas of AI. In particular, explaining query answers allows users to understand not only what is entailed by an inconsistent knowledge base, but also why. In this paper, we address the problem of explaining query answers for existential rules under three popular inconsistency-tolerant semantics, namely, the ABox repair, the intersection of repairs, and the intersection of closed repairs semantics. We provide a thorough complexity analysis for a wide range of existential rule languages and for different complexity measures.
A Framework for Measuring Information Asymmetry
Authors: Salhi Yakoub
Published: June 2020

Information asymmetry occurs when an imbalance of knowledge exists between two parties, such as a buyer and a seller, a regulator and an operator, and an employer and an employee. It is a key concept in several domains, in particular, in economics. We propose in this work a general logic-based framework for measuring the information asymmetry between two parties. A situation of information asymmetry is represented by a knowledge base and a set of questions. We define the notion of information asymmetry measure through rationality postulates. We further introduce a syntactic concept, called minimal question subset (MQS), to take into consideration the fact that answering some questions allows avoiding others. This concept is used for defining rationality postulates and measures. Finally, we propose a method for computing the MQSes of a given situation of information asymmetry.
Adversarial Deep Network Embedding for Cross-Network Node Classification
Authors: Shen Xiao , Dai Quanyu , Chung Fu-lai , Lu Wei , Choi Kup-Sze
Published: June 2020

In this paper, the task of cross-network node classification, which leverages the abundant labeled nodes from a source network to help classify unlabeled nodes in a target network, is studied. The existing domain adaptation algorithms generally fail to model the network structural information, and the current network embedding models mainly focus on single-network applications. Thus, both of them cannot be directly applied to solve the cross-network node classification problem. This motivates us to propose an adversarial cross-network deep network embedding (ACDNE) model to integrate adversarial domain adaptation with deep network embedding so as to learn network-invariant node representations that can also well preserve the network structural information. In ACDNE, the deep network embedding module utilizes two feature extractors to jointly preserve attributed affinity and topological proximities between nodes. In addition, a node classifier is incorporated to make node representations label-discriminative. Moreover, an adversarial domain adaptation technique is employed to make node representations network-invariant. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed ACDNE model achieves the state-of-the-art performance in cross-network node classification.
Few-Shot Knowledge Graph Completion
Authors: Zhang Chuxu , Yao Huaxiu , Huang Chao , Jiang Meng , Li Zhenhui , Chawla Nitesh V.
Published: June 2020

Knowledge graphs (KGs) serve as useful resources for various natural language processing applications. Previous KG completion approaches require a large number of training instances (i.e., head-tail entity pairs) for every relation. The real case is that for most of the relations, very few entity pairs are available. Existing work of one-shot learning limits method generalizability for few-shot scenarios and does not fully use the supervisory information; however, few-shot KG completion has not been well studied yet. In this work, we propose a novel few-shot relation learning model (FSRL) that aims at discovering facts of new relations with few-shot references. FSRL can effectively capture knowledge from heterogeneous graph structure, aggregate representations of few-shot references, and match similar entity pairs of reference set for every relation. Extensive experiments on two public datasets demonstrate that FSRL outperforms the state-of-the-art.
A Practical Approach to Forgetting in Description Logics with Nominals
Authors: Zhao Yizheng , Schmidt Renate , Wang Yuejie , Zhang Xuanming , Feng Hao
Published: June 2020

This paper investigates the problem of forgetting in description logics with nominals. In particular, we develop a practical method for forgetting concept and role names from ontologies specified in the description logic ALCO, extending the basic ALC with nominals. The method always terminates, and is sound in the sense that the forgetting solution computed by the method has the same logical consequences with the original ontology. The method is so far the only approach to deductive forgetting in description logics with nominals. An evaluation of a prototype implementation shows that the method achieves a significant speed-up and notably better success rates than the Lethe tool which performs deductive forgetting for ALC-ontologies. Compared to Fame, a semantic forgetting tool for ALCOIH-ontologies, better success rates are attained. From the perspective of ontology engineering this is very useful, as it provides ontology curators with a powerful tool to produce views of ontologies.
Assessment of a concrete cable-stayed bridge after replacement of the closure segment
Authors: Li Hongjiang
Published: June 2020

The concept of replacement of the closure segment (RCS) emerged originally in a strengthening project for a concrete cable-stayed bridge and was intended to deal with a failure in the closure segment of the main girder. The construction procedure of RCS includes removing the failed closure segment, reconstructing the closure segment and finally improving the connection between the new closure segment and the original residual part of the main girder. Thus, a relatively complex conversion in structural state is involved. To assess the completed bridge after RCS, a finite-element model of a typical bridge is developed by using the software Dr. Bridge, and then a construction stage analysis is performed in the present study. Numerical results show that RCS eradicated the hidden structural safety danger while the structural integrity was improved to a certain extent. However, RCS had no significant influence on the geometric profile of the bridge deck, on the horizontal displacement at the top of each pylon and on tensions in the cable stays. As the stress condition in the new closure segment and associated joints between segments could not be improved by mere RCS, other strengthening measures should be taken to achieve a further structural state adjustment for the completed bridge. As a novel strengthening idea, RCS has a comparable advantage and remarkable economic benefit in dealing with local failure in the structure. Inevitably, it has some limitations in practical use.
Rational design of CoNi alloy and atomic Co/Ni composite as an efficient electrocatalyst
Authors: Huo Juanjuan , Lu Li , Shen Ziyan , Gao Hong , Liu Hao
Published: June 2020

Highly efficient, non-precious and stable electrocatalysts for both oxygen (O2) reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) have drawn attention as alternatives to noble-metal catalysts. The rational construction of dual-functional catalysts is meaningful because most nanomaterials can perform only a single electrocatalytic activity. Herein, nitrogen (N)-doped carbon (C) nanotubes encapsulating CoNi alloy (CoNi@NCNTs) nanoparticles coupled with a cobalt (Co) and nickel (Ni) dual atom hybrid are successfully designed and synthesized through a simple metal–organic-framework-assisted strategy, which are explored as a catalyst for ORR and OER. The optimized catalyst exhibits highly efficient bifunctional catalytic activity with a low voltage spacing of 0.78 V between an overpotential of 370 mV (at 10 mA/cm2) toward OER and a half-wave potential of 0.822 V toward ORR, as well as high durability. The excellent electrocatalytic performance should be attributed to the advantages of uniformly dispersed CoNi alloy nanoparticles, highly conductive nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes and the formation of metal–Nxspecies. This work provides a novel strategy for rationally designing bifunctional catalysts for reversible energy conversion.
Ensaio teórico sobre os vieses cognitivos nos julgamentos dos preparadores das demonstrações contábeis
Authors: Souza Paulo Vitor Souza de , Niyama Jorge Katsumi , Tibúrcio Silva César Augusto
Published: June 2020

Para o desenvolvimento da teoria contábil, é importante identificar e discutir aspectos comportamentais que podem influenciar o processo de julgamento e de tomada de decisão dos preparadores das demonstrações contábeis. O estudo caracteriza-se como ensaio teórico, pois aborda os efeitos cognitivos que podem afetar esse processo. A principal contribuição deste método consiste em considerar de forma conjunta peças teóricas separadas e contemplar uma perspectiva integrativa. Diversas práticas contábeis podem gerar vieses cognitivos, porém nesse ensaio serão tratados somente vieses advindos de práticas que permitem julgamentos, desconsiderando aquelas não provenientes do comportamento desses profissionais. São efeitos cognitivos que podem afetar o comportamento dos preparadores: impulsividade, ausência de ceticismo, otimismo natural e pessimismo, familiaridade, ajuste heurístico, excesso de confiança, aversão à perda, aversão à mudança e complexidade da tarefa. Estes aspectos podem ocasionar a falta de comparabilidade nos julgamentos realizados pelos indivíduos, mediante julgamentos que diferem de acordo com traços de personalidade dos decisores. A reflexão acerca da discussão desses aspectos comportamentais aplicados à contabilidade contribui para o desenvolvimento da contabilidade como ciência, por meio da integração da psicologia à ciência contábil. Para esses aspectos, elaboram-se questões que podem ser adotadas em estudos futuros, por meio da realização de semiexperimentos com profissionais contábeis.
Influência do posicionamento estratégico na adoção de práticas gerenciais financeiras no contexto de pequenas indústrias
Authors: Wernke Rodney , Junges Ivone , Barros Valentina Pires de
Published: June 2020

O objetivo do estudo foi identificar a influência do posicionamento estratégico na adoção de ferramentas gerenciais financeiras no contexto de pequenas indústrias da microrregião da Amurel e, adicionalmente, buscar resposta para hipótese acerca da possibilidade de que o nível de utilização das práticas de gestão financeira seja igual nas empresas de pequeno porte, independentemente do posicionamento estratégico adotado. Foi utilizada metodologia classificável como descritiva e quantitativa, sendo que a coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de questionário fundamentado na Teoria da Contingência, na análise do posicionamento estratégico e nas ferramentas gerenciais financeiras dos quatro estágios elencados pela International Federation of Accountants. Como resultados, têm-se que as práticas gerenciais do primeiro e do segundo estágio são as mais utilizadas (com média 55,91% e 69,32%, respectivamente), se comparadas com os instrumentos integrantes do terceiro (40%) e do quarto estágio (44,46%). A principal contribuição do estudo consiste em apontar evidência estatística de que o posicionamento estratégico escolhido por indústrias de pequeno porte não afeta o nível de utilização das ferramentas financeiras nesse contexto empresarial.
Características do professor ideal: uma percepção dos graduandos em Ciências Contábeis de uma universidade comunitária do estado de Santa Catarina
Authors: Prim Marcelo Manes , Bach Leonardo Eodesio , Martins Zilton Bartolomeu
Published: June 2020

A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo analisar essas características do professor ideal na percepção da população selecionada de uma universidade comunitária do estado de Santa Catarina. Quanto à metodologia, este estudo se classifica como quantitativo quanto à sua abordagem, descritivo quanto ao objetivo e, no que diz respeito aos procedimentos, conta com uma pesquisa de levantamento. Como instrumento de coleta de dados, aplicou-se um questionário validado e utilizado por Guelfi, Tumelero, Antonelli e Voese (2018), que contém 34 questões sobre quais características definem um professor ideal. A população desta pesquisa foi de 138 alunos, matriculados em 2018/2, resultando em uma amostra de 102 respondentes, que representa 73,91% da população. Os dados foram tabulados no software Microsoft Excel e foram utilizadas como técnicas de análise a estatística descritiva e univariada, por meio da frequência relativa, média, desvio-padrão, correlação e teste T, calculadas com o software IBM SPSS Statistics 22. Como principais resultados, verificou-se que as características mais relevantes indicadas pelos discentes foram ter conhecimento da teoria do assunto que está lecionando, ter conhecimento da prática do assunto que está lecionando e saber fazer a ligação entre teoria e prática. Já as características menos enfatizadas estão relacionadas aos atributos e ter beleza física, ser asseado (bem-vestido, cabelo penteado, sempre arrumado) e ter tom de voz agradável.
Editorial, Vol. 7, No. 2
Authors: De Gloria Alessandro
Published: June 2020

Editorial of the International Journal of Serious Games, Vol. 7, No. 2
Short-term effect of a synbiotic in salivary viscosity and buffering capacity; a quasi-experimental study.
Authors:   Pediatric Dentistry Clinic, School of Dentistry Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis, S.L.P., Mexico., Hernández Yolanda , Medina Briana ,   Pediatric Dentistry Clinic, School of Dentistry Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis, S.L.P., Mexico., Mendoza Edith ,   Pediatric Dentistry Clinic, School of Dentistry Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis, S.L.P., Mexico., Sánchez-Vargas Luis Octavio ,   Laboratory of Biochemical, Microbiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis, S.L.P., Mexico., Alvarado Diana ,   Health Sciences School, Universidad del Valle de México campus San Luis Potosí, San Luis, S.L.P., Mexico., Aranda-Romo Saray ,   Laboratory of Biochemical, Microbiology and Pathology, School of Dentistry Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis, S.L.P., Mexico.
Published: June 2020

Evaluate the effect of a synbiotic on salivary viscosity and buffer capacity. Materials and Methods: A follow-up one-week study was performed on 24 healthy volunteers in San Luis Potosí, Mexico, during July 2017. Volunteers must have had active tooth decay at the moment of study. All 24 patients were given a Lactiv® probiotic package, advising not to modify usual oral hygiene practices, and were followed up during 6 days. Primary output variable was salivary viscosity while the secondary was salivary buffer capacity. Salivary viscosity was assessed by using an Ostwald Pipette and buffer capacity with bromocresol purple. Results: A total of 8 male patients (33.3%) and 16 females (66.6%) patients were included, with an average age of 10.92 years. All the volunteers completed the study. Comparisons between pre- and post-treatment showed a decrease in salivary viscosity, while buffer capacity was showed to increase. Conclusion: The use of a synbiotic during a short period of time lowered the viscosity of saliva and increased salivary buffer capacity.
Characterization of patients with epithelial dysplasia and carcinoma in situ in the oral cavity, 2000 to 2014.
Authors:   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile., Martínez Carolina , Olivares Paulina ,   Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile., Martínez Benjamín ,   Facultad de Ciencias, Escuela de Odontología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile., Fernández Alejandra ,   Facultad de Ciencias, Escuela de Odontología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.
Published: June 2020

Objetive: To characterize patients diagnosed with oral epithelial dysplasia and carcinoma in situ, according to their severity, location, age, sex and smoking habits. Materials and Methods: A descriptive study, based on 126 histopathological reports of biopsies diagnosed with mild, moderate, severe epithelial dysplasia and carcinoma in situ, with information regarding anatomical location, age and gender of the patient, recorded in the biopsy reports of the histopathology services of the Faculty of Dentistry of Andrés Bello University and Major University, between the years 2000 and 2014. The dichotomous qualitative variables were described based on percentage and age using the Shapiro-Wilk test, presenting as average and standard deviation, in the STATA 12® program (StataCorpLP, Texas, USA). Result: A similar frequency was found for men and women diagnosed with OED, 53.17% and 46.83% respectively. A mild degree of OED was the most diagnosed in both sexes. The group most affected by OED was between 50 and 69 years old (57.94%) and the most frequent anatomic location was the lateral border of the tongue (34.13%). Conclusion: Most of the analyzed cases corresponded to mild degrees of dysplasia; however, it is important to always carry out a histopathological diagnosis of the lesion, patient follow-up and education regarding risk habits.
Living with transplant
Authors: Heinemann Laura L.
Published: June 2020

Organ transplantation is often held to epitomize the power and promise of biomedicine. Yet life after transplant does not so clearly mark an ‘after’ to illness, and instead requires close monitoring and treating for organ rejection, graft failure, or the side effects of medication regimens. Such medical domains are counterbalanced, in turn, by relations of kinship, friendship, home and work life. In this Position Piece, I call for attention to the interconnected tensions among these domains, focusing on one illustrative case example: that of Janet, a three-time kidney recipient. By detailing Janet’s lifelong imbrication of daily life with vulnerability and biomedical intervention, I delineate the mismatch between popular imaginings of transplant as ‘cure’ and the realities of living a life that is never quite beyond illness.
Question types of pre-service teachers at the implementation of a new learning model: a comparison between QASEE, RQA, and conventional learnings
Authors: SAPUTRİ Wulandari , COREBİMA Aloysius Duran
Published: June 2020

This research aims at analyzing the question types posed by pre-service teachers at the implementation of QASEE (Questioning, Answering, Sharing, Extending and Evaluating) learning and its comparison with RQA (Reading, Questioning, and Answering) learning and conventional learning. 107 pre-service teachers participated in this qualitative and quantitative research. The data of questions raised during the learning activities were collected using observation sheets. The collected questions were analyzed related to the content and were classified based on the revised version of Bloom’s taxonomy. The results were then analyzed descriptively. Based on the cognitive process dimensions, in the QASEE class, the most common question type found is the Q2 questions (59.34%) and only few Q1 questions (2.75%) are found; in the RQA class, the most common question type is the Q2 questions (67.22%) and only a small number of Q1 types (2.79%) are found, while in the conventional class, the Q1 and Q2 questions are found in the same frequency (32.35%). Based on the knowledge dimension, in the QASEE class, the most question type found is the QC questions (86.64%) and only few QF questions are found (1.75%); in the RQA class, the most question type found is the QC questions (83.94%) and only few QF questions (5.57%) are found, while in the conventional class, the frequencies of the QF and the QC questions are 32.35% and 44.12% respectively. Based on the cross-section dimension, in the QASEE class, the most question type found is the classify questions (57.60%) and only few list questions (0.42%) are found. In the RQA, the classify questions (63.40%) are also the most question type found and only few list questions (1.86%) were found, while in the conventional class, the most question type found are the list questions (32.35%), and the classify questions (32.35%). The QASEE learning has the most potential in encouraging pre-service teachers to produce better questions, because it has the highest frequency of HOT (Higher Order Thinking) and QM questions as well as the lowest frequency of list question, compared to the RQA and conventional learning.
Does the writing exposition text ability correlate to reading habit and discourse markers mastery?
Authors: MUHYIDIN Asep
Published: June 2020

This study aims to determine 1) the relationship between students’ reading habits with the ability to write exposition text, 2) the relationship between students’ discourse markers mastery with the ability to write exposition text, and (3) the relationship between students’ reading habits and discourse markers mastery with the ability to write exposition text. This research was conducted in the tenth grade students of SMA Negeri 4 Serang in the odd semester of the 2018/2019 school year. The research method used was a survey method with correlational techniques. The population was the students of grade X. There were 450 students consisting of 180 male and 270 female. The sample was taken using purposive sampling technique. The sample was 88 students. The test was used to obtain data on the students’ ability to write exposition texts and students’ mastery of discourse markers, while the questionnaire was used to to obtain data on students' reading habits. The results showed that: 1) there was a positive and significant relationship between the students’ reading habits and the students' ability to write exposition texts; 2) there was a positive and significant relationship between the students’ discourse markers mastery and the students' ability to write exposition texts; and 3) there was a positive and significant relationship between the students’ reading habits and the students’ discourse markers mastery with the students’ ability to write exposition texts.
The role of school principals in caring for gifted students
Authors: AL-OWEİDİ Alia , FREİHAT Ali
Published: June 2020

The current study aimed to identify the role of school principals in caring for gifted students in Ajloun governorate. The study sample consisted of (56) principals of public and private schools who were chosen by the survey method. A scale consisted of (27) items were distributed on three areas The role of the principal in providing the physical environment for gifted students consisted of (7) paragraphs.The role of the principal in discovering gifted students consisted of (6) paragraphs. The role of the principal in caring for gifted students and professional development for supervisors of gifted students consisted of (14) paragraphs. After verifying the indications of validity and reliability of the scale, the researchers applied the scale to the study members during the first semester of the academic year (2019/2020), and the results showed: The role of school principals in Ajloun Governorate in caring for gifted students was moderate, "and the absence of statistically significant differences due to the gender variable, the experience variable, the school stage variable, and the educational qualification variable.
Selección óptima de portafolios basada en cadenas de Markov de primer y segundo orden
Authors: Gómez Romero Juan Manuel , Jiménez Moscoso José Alfredo
Published: June 2020

En búsqueda de generar estrategias de inversión en pro de maximizar el rendimiento esperado y minimizar el riesgo, se estudian dos modelos de selección de portafolios óptimos. El primero se ajusta usando rendimientos logarítmicos, y en el segundo se emplea análisis de componentes principales (ACP) a estos rendimientos. Luego, para cada uno de ellos se establece su rendimiento ponderado y se crean unas medidas para establecer los estados de las cadenas de Markov de primer y segundo orden. Esto permite pronosticar si los portafolios conformados tendrán comportamientos alcistas o bajistas dadas las probabilidades de los estados de las cadenas de Markov. Se realiza una aplicación usando los retornos de precios de cierre diarios de 21 acciones del COLCAP, para el periodo comprendido desde enero de 2014 a octubre de 2017. Se concluye que en el mercado colombiano un portafolio conformado bajo ACP de los rendimientos tiene una mayor rentabilidad esperada y un menor riesgo a largo plazo, teniendo una precisión de pronóstico del modelo dados los vectores estacionarios de las cadenas de Markov.
Dinámicas e integración de los mercados financieros de los países del TLCAN
Authors: Anguiano Pita Javier Emmanuel , Ruiz Porras Antonio
Published: June 2020

El objetivo de este artículo es estudiar las dinámicas del proceso de integración de los mercados de valores gubernamentales, interbancarios, cambiarios y bursátiles de las economías del TLCAN. Para tal propósito, se emplea el modelo generalizado de factores comunes propuesto por Forni, Hallin, Lippi y Reichlin (2005) y series representativas de los rendimientos de los mercados analizados para el período comprendido entre enero de 1995 y diciembre de 2017. Los principales resultados sugieren que: 1) existen asimetrías en el tamaño de los mercados, 2) hay evidencia de cambios estructurales, 3) existen factores comunes entre los mercados financieros, 4) los mercados tienen niveles de integración diferenciados, y 5) los mercados cambiarios y bursátiles son los más sensibles a los componentes comunes. Estos hallazgos pueden ser útiles para analizar la evolución del TLCAN y para proponer políticas económicas y financieras regionales.
Poniendo a prueba la teoría de la reproducción del capital cultural en Colombia. Caso de las artes escénicas, conciertos y cine
Authors: Espinal Monsalve Nora Elena , Ramos Ramírez Andrey David , Gómez Hernández Luz Yadira
Published: June 2020

Tomando como referencia el enfoque teórico de la reproducción social y la transferencia intergeneracional de capital cultural de Bourdieu, en este artículo se evalúa el efecto causal de la participación cultural de los jefes de hogar sobre la participación cultural de los jóvenes en teatro, danza u ópera, conciertos y cine en Colombia. Utilizando los datos de la Encuesta de Consumo Cultural del 2014, se aplican tres metodologías: tratamientos endógenos, propensity score matching e inverse probability weighting. Los resultados aportan evidencia sobre la hipótesis de la transferencia intergeneracional del capital cultural, en la medida en que se observa que los jóvenes que conviven en hogares con jefes de hogar que participan en las actividades analizadas, tienen mayores probabilidades de participar en esas mismas actividades. Concretamente, se encontró que cuando el jefe de hogar asiste a eventos de las artes escénicas, la probabilidad de que los jóvenes en ese hogar también asistan crece entre 34,92 % y 40,90 %; en el caso de los conciertos el efecto es de entre 24,56 % y 25,81 %, mientras que para el cine varía entre 47,57 % y 48,96 %. Estos hallazgos pueden ser un insumo para diseñar y orientar políticas que permitan seguir acortando las brechas de participación cultural en el país. Este es el primer estudio en probar la magnitud de esta teoría y verificarla empíricamente en América Latina.
On Argentina’s Currency Crisis of 2018
Authors: Castillo-Ponce Ramon Amadeo , Lai Kon
Published: June 2020

In this note, we discuss the Argentinian crisis initiated in 2018. We identify the roots and contributing factors and provide comments on what may develop going forward.
Human Rights beyond Dichotomy between Cultural Universalism and Relativism
Authors: Hogemann Edna Raquel
Published: June 2020

The consolidation of relations of global society requires the progressive establishment of a global legal system, consisting of a system of rules - precisely, human rights - as the source and evaluation criteria of positive national rights. This essay aims to contribute to some extent using reflective dialectical methodology, establishing logical- argumentative criteria, based on the dialogue between authors to exercise a critical reflection of the official narrative on the universality of human rights, in addition overcoming the universalism/relativism dichotomy eurocentricaly established by a theory of human rights between universalism and cultural relativism.
Legal Philosophy and Cosmopolitan Constitutionalism. Debates on Morality, Unity, and Power
Authors: Núñez Donald Constanza
Published: June 2020

Cosmopolitan Constitutionalism is a specific proposal in the international legal debate, the goal of which is the application of constitutional principles at the global level to achieve the universal guarantee of human rights. The author proposes that if we want to respond to the question of whether this project is possible and desirable, we need to analyse whether this is a plausible proposal, considering the distinctive features of law in the transnational sphere. In this light, the principal aim of this work is to show the principal challenges that Cosmopolitan Constitutionalism presents for the classic debates of legal philosophy, considering the current conditions of the international sphere. In this paper, the three topics that are considered are the debates between morality and law, law and power, and law and unity. The topics are problematized from the perspective of two contemporary scholars of Cosmopolitan Constitutionalism: Luigi Ferrajoli and Jürgen Habermas.
URBAN TOURISM LOGISTICS IN CONDITIONS OF "OVERTOURISM"
Authors: Smyrnov Igor Georgiyovych
Published: June 2020

The purpose To reveal the essence of the phenomenon of "overtourism" and its manifestations in the logistics of urban tourism.

The methodology is based on the use of a basic logistic model of sustainable development of tourism and its varieties: principal, wide-spread and strategic. The conceptual bases of the logistic strategy of sustainable development of urban tourism in the conditions of " overtourism " are worked out, in particular the concept of tourist decentralization, the concept of reversible logistics, the concept of the impact of marketing on logistics and the concept of increasing requirements to the safety of tourists.

Scientific novelty for the first time considered the application of logistics of urban tourism in the conditions of "overtourism" and worked out the conceptual foundations of the corresponding logistic strategy.

Results 1. The basic logistic model of sustainable tourism development and its varieties and strategies of sustainable tourism has been developed. 2.The logistic strategy of sustainable tourism development under the conditions of "overtourism" and its conceptual bases in the form of the concept of tourist decentralization, the concept of reverse logistics, the concept of the impact of marketing on logistics, and the concept of increasing the requirements for security problems of tourism have been worked out.

Practical significance. The above-mentioned theoretical positions were checked on the example of the problems of tourism development in Ukrainian cities like Kyiv and Lviv, and relevant recommendations were developed and proposed
SOCIO-CULTURAL AND SOCIAL-ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF EXTENSION OF INDEPENDENT TRAVELS IN MODERN CONDITIONS
Authors: Antonenko Volodymyr Stepanovych , Khutkyy Volodymyr
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the article is to determine the main socio-cultural and socio-economic aspects of the emergence and spread of independent travel, trends in changing requirements and expectations of travelers in modern conditions.

Method. The basis of the conducted research is based on analytical, comparative-geographical and synthetic methods.

Results. On the basis of in-depth analysis of printed and electronic information sources, relevant information was obtained on the impact of socio-cultural and socio-economic factors on the spread of independent travel in modern conditions. It is shown that the growth of the interest of different sections of the population in the independent organization of their recreation or travel led to the emergence of independent travelers or sew-tourists. It was proved that the main objective factors that influenced the rapid development of independent tourism, in addition to the wide introduction of information technology and telecommunications in the sphere of tourism, was the change in the motivation of travel with a predominant emphasis on intercultural communication. Intercultural communication of travelers can and should improve relations between nations, as well as enrich their own national culture on the basis of studying another culture, through the absorption of another language.

Scientific novelty. The impact of the socio-cultural and socio-economic environment on the spread of independent travel in the modern conditions is substantiated substantially. Further development of knowledge about the tendencies of development of independent tourism in the conditions of deepening of globalization processes has been acquired.

Practical significance. The obtained results of the research are an important information base for the development of the tourism industry in the conditions of constant expansion of independent travel. The consideration of modern trends in the development of tourism is necessary in developing an effective marketing strategy for a tourist enterprise, diversifying its activities in the conditions of changing motivations and requirements of consumers of tourist services.
ENERGY FLOOR AS NEW TECHNOLOGY FOR ELECTRICITY EQUIPMENT IN HOTELS OF UKRAINE
Authors: Arpul Oksana Volodymyrivna , Spilchuk Anastasiya Yuriyivna , Melnyk Yuliia Viktorivna
Published: June 2020

The purpose of the article is to study the work of Energyfloor modules in hotels in Ukraine and their impact on energy conservation and sustainable innovations in buildings, public spaces. The Netherlands Energy Floor modules are an integral part of the Smart Floors Smart Grid. The grid can be used both for efficient energy management and for its diagnostics and can work by connecting to light-emitting diode lanterns, intelligent energy management systems.

Method: energy Floor is designed to apply pressure on the floor. The energy floor uses the movement of people as a source of energy. A kinetic energy is converted into an electric one, which results in a load on the floor. The energy output of these types of energy-saving tiles depends on the applied force; the higher voltage corresponds to a greater potential difference and, consequently, greater energy.

Results: in order to estimate the output power of one person passing through the center of the campus, it is important to determine the magnitude of the forces that experience the earth while walking. Using this concept, large hotels will be able to generate useful power up to 20 W per module. The scientific novelty of the results is to develop and substantiate the concept of using the Netherlands Energy Floor model as an alternative to power generation in hotels.

Practical significance: electricity can also be supplied back to the grid, used for energy applications that create a unique energy effect or enhance other customized local systems. This technology provides intellectual use of electricity in the hotel enterprises.
İstenmeyen Gebelikler ve İsteyerek Yapılan Düşüklerin Değerlendirilmesi
Authors: ŞENOĞLU Ayşe , ÇOBAN Ayden , KARAÇAM Zekiye
Published: June 2020

İstenmeyen
gebelikler ve buna bağlı oluşan isteyerek düşükler önemli bir kadın sağlığı
sorunudur ve üreme çağındaki kadınların başlıca ölüm nedenleri arasında yer
almaktadır. Gelişmekte olan ülkelerde her yıl, yaklaşık 25 milyon güvenli
olmayan kürtajın gerçekleştiği tahmin edilmektedir. Ayrıca her yıl anne ölüm
nedenlerinin %4.7-13.2'si güvenli olmayan düşüklerden kaynaklanmaktadır. Türkiye
Nüfus ve Sağlık Araştırması 2013 yılı sonuçlarına göre, tüm doğumların %13’ünün
istenmediği, gebeliklerin %11’inin planlanmadığı, kadınların %23’ünün en az bir
kez kendiliğinden düşük ve %14’ünün en az bir kez isteyerek düşük yaptığı
belirtilmiştir. Aile
planlamasının amaçlarından biri de istenmeyen gebeliklerin önlenmesidir. Kişisel veya dini inanışlar, gebelik riskleri
hakkında yeterince bilgi sahibi olunmaması, kadının karar verme hakkının
sınırlı olması, kontraseptif yöntemlere ulaşmada yetersizlik, kontraseptif
yöntemleri etkili ve doğru kullanmada başarısızlık, kontraseptif yöntemlerin
hiç kullanılmaması istenmeyen gebeliklerin oluşumuna neden olmaktadır. İstenmeyen
gebeliklerin önlenmesi için uygun aile planlaması yönteminin kullanılması ve
gebeliği önleyici korunma yöntemlerine her bireyin ulaşmasının sağlanmasında
ebeler önemli rol üstlenebilirler. Bu kapsamda alınacak önlemler sonucunda anne
ölümlerinin önemli oranda azalacağı düşünülmektedir.
Advers İlaç Reaksiyonlarına Yaklaşım
Authors: ERGÜN Yusuf , ALTINTAŞ AYKAN Duygun
Published: June 2020

Sağlık profesyonelleri advers
ilaç reaksiyonları ile, bilinenin aksine, klinik pratikte daha sık
karşılaşmaktadır. Farmakovijilans sisteminin spontan bildiriminden bağımsız
olarak, bu profesyoneller, özellikle hekimler, bu problemleri hızlı bir şekilde
çözmelidirler. Ancak, ilk önce advers olaylar ile ilaçlar arasındaki
nedensellik ilişkisini değerlendirmeleri gerekmektedir ve daha sonra gerekli
tedavi girişimleri başlatmalıdırlar. Hekimler ilaçların hastaların şikâyetlerindeki
olası rollerini görmezden gelip yeni tedavi hedeflerine yönelik daha fazla ilaç
yazma yoluna giderlerse, yeni advers olayların oluşması kaçınılmaz olacaktır.
Bu nedenle advers ilaç reaksiyonlarının varlığı her zaman doğru bir şekilde
sorgulanmalı ve gerektiğinde tedavi protokolündeki değişikliklerle hastanın
esenliği sağlanmalıdır. Bu derlemede advers ilaç reaksiyonlarının tipleri,
nedensellik analizi ile ilişkili prensipler ve temel tedavi yaklaşımları özetlenmiştir.
Ortodontik Tedavide İskeletsel Ankraj Amaçlı Olarak Kullanılan Mini Vidalar: Literatür Derlemesi
Authors: ALRAAWİ Mohammed , TATLI Ufuk , TOROĞLU M. Serdar
Published: June 2020

Dental ve iskeletsel maloklüzyonların ortodontik
tedavisinde ankraj kontrolü önemli bir gereksinimdir. Ankraj amaçlı kullanılan intraoral dental
elemanların yetersiz olması, ekstraoral apareylerin kullanımının hasta açısından zor olması ve
kooperasyon gerekliliği nedeniyle,
günümüzde ortodontik
tedavide ankraj kontrolünün tam olarak sağlanabilmesi için iskeletsel ankraj
üniteleri tercih edilmektedir. Bu amaçla, ortodontik mini vidalar kemik içine
yerleştirilen geçici ankraj üniteleri olarak kullanılmaktadır. Mini vidaların
boyut olarak küçük olması, kolay uygulama yöntemi, kemiğe mekanik olarak tutunmaları ve tedavi sonunda
kolay çıkarılabilmesi klinik
uygulamalarda daha popüler hale gelmelerine neden olmaktadır. Bu derlemenin
amacı ortodontik ankraj amaçlı kullanılan mini vidaların genel özellikleri, endikasyonları, avantajları ve komplikasyonlarını
güncel literatür bilgileri eşliğinde gözden geçirmektir.
Kinematics of Fault Slip Associated with the 4–6 July 2019 Ridgecrest, California, Earthquake Sequence
Authors: Pollitz Fred F. , Murray Jessica R. , Svarc Jerry L. , Wicks Charles , Roeloffs Evelyn , Minson Sarah E. , Scharer Katherine , Kendrick Katherine , Hudnut Kenneth W. , Nevitt Johanna , Brooks Benjamin A. , Mencin David
Published: June 2020

The 2019 Ridgecrest, California, earthquake sequence produced observable crustal deformation over much of central and southern California, as well as surface rupture over several tens of kilometers. To obtain a detailed picture of the fault slip involved in the 4 July M 6.4 foreshock and 6 July M 7.1 mainshock, we combine strong-motion seismic waveforms with crustal deformation observations to obtain kinematic and static slip models of both events. We sample the regional seismic wavefield for both the foreshock and mainshock with three-component records from 31 stations of the California Integrated Seismic Network. The deformation observations include Global Positioning System (GPS), Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR), and borehole strainmeter recordings of the dynamic strain field. These data collectively constrain the kinematic coseismic slip distributions of the events, with measurements variously observing coseismic slip from one event (e.g., seismic waveforms, kinematic solutions from continuous GPS, and strainmeter time series) or coseismic slip from both events combined (InSAR). We find that the foreshock ruptured two separate faults, one with left-lateral strike slip on a northeast–southwest-trending fault and the other with right-lateral strike slip on an orthogonal fault, with unilateral rupture propagation along both. The mainshock ruptured a series of northwest–southeast-trending faults with right-lateral strike slip concentrated in the uppermost 6 km with exceptionally low-rupture velocity averaging 1.0–1.5  km/s. A possible explanation for the low-rupture velocity is that the mainshock rupture expended relatively high energy, generating secondary fractures in off-fault deformation, which is consistent with field and seismic evidence of plastic deformation on small fault strands adjacent to the main rupture trace.
Kinematic Rupture and 3D Wave Propagation Simulations of the 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest, California, Earthquake
Authors: Hirakawa Evan , Barbour Andrew J.
Published: June 2020

We model the kinematic rupture process of the 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest, California, earthquake using numerical simulations to reproduce the elastodynamic wave field observed by inertial seismometers, high-rate Global Navigation Satellite System stations, and borehole strainmeters. This was the largest earthquake in Southern California in 20 yr and was widely felt throughout the region. The Mw 7.1 mainshock was part of a large sequence of ∼30,000 aftershocks and was notably preceded by an Mw 6.4 foreshock by 34 hr on fault structures that were once poorly understood. A large number of seismic and geodetic instruments measured the rupture process for both events, with many stations located in the near field. Hence, this is a rare opportunity to better understand complex earthquake processes that arise in an immature fault zone using advanced computing. Of the kinematic rupture models that we tested, our preferred is the simplest one that reproduces signals recorded by the three different geophysical datasets; it is composed of four distinct ruptures that progressively migrate to the southeast with delayed initiation times, and typical rupture speeds. This type of model does a better job at matching the recorded ground motions and deformations than does one composed of a continuous rupture with very low-rupture velocity, as proposed in other studies of this earthquake.
Near-Field Ground Motions and Shaking from the 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest, California, Mainshock: Insights from Instrumental, Macroseismic Intensity, and Remote-Sensing Data
Authors: Hough Susan E. , Yun Sang-Ho , Jung Jungkyo , Thompson Eric , Parker Grace A. , Stephenson Oliver
Published: June 2020

Shaking from the 6 July 2019 Mw 7.1 Ridgecrest, California, mainshock was strongly felt through southern California, but generated relatively minimal structural damage in Ridgecrest. We consider the extent to which a damage proxy map (DPM) generated from satellite-based Synthetic Aperture Radar images can detect minor damage throughout the town of Ridgecrest. The DPM does not, as expected, detect all minor structural damage to individual structures, nor can it distinguish between structural damage and earthquake-related movement that is not consequential. However, the DPM does confirm many instances of minor structural damage to larger structures and groups of smaller structures and in some instances suggests minor structural damage that is not apparent upon visual inspection. Although ambiguous identification of minor damage may not be useful to guide earthquake response, the identification of minor, possibly hidden damage is potentially useful for other purposes. Overall, the DPM confirms that structural damage was commensurate with modified Mercalli intensity no higher than 7 throughout Ridgecrest. We consider both instrumental and intensity data to explore further the distribution of near-field ground motions over the frequency range of engineering concern. Peak ground accelerations and peak ground velocities estimated from “Did You Feel It?” intensity data using the Worden et al. (2012) ground-motion intensity conversion equation (GMICE) are consistent with recorded instrumental data. Both instrumental and estimated mainshock peak accelerations are further consistent with predictions from both the Boore et al. (2014) ground-motion prediction equation (GMPE), but lower than predicted by the Atkinson and Wald (2007) and Atkinson et al. (2014) intensity prediction equations (IPEs). A GMPE such as Boore et al. (2014), which is constrained by a large global dataset, together with a well-constrained GMICE, may thus characterize expected shaking intensities for large earthquakes better than an IPE based on more limited intensity data.
Strategies for the prevention of malaria in pregnancy in Indonesia in the COVID-19 pandemic era
Authors: Prawira-Putra Andre , Lukito Theda , Ahmed Rukhsana
Published: June 2020

Malaria is one of the oldest infectious disease that continues to affect annually more than 200 million people globally. Pregnant women are the second most vulnerable group to malaria, besides children. A pregnant woman with malaria risks detrimental harm to herself and to her child resulting in adverse pregnancy outcomes. These adverse outcomes contribute to maternal, neonatal and infant morbidity and mortality. It is essential to protect pregnant women from malaria to improve the public health burden in malaria endemic countries.
Clinical study of nerve function impairment in newly diagnosed leprosy patients at a tertiary care center in Shahjahanpur district
Authors: Singh Amar , Pant Astha
Published: June 2020

Background: In leprosy nerve function impairment may result from pathological and immunological processes that take place in peripheral nerves. Prevalence rate of leprosy in India is 0.81 per 10,000 populations. The study was undertaken to determine the status of nerve function impairment at the time of registration for therapy in new leprosy patients.

Methods: History of the patients was taken and clinical examinations were performed and they were assisted for nerve function impairment by performing sensory test and voluntary muscle power.

Results: The most commonly affected nerve by function impairment was the posterior tibial, followed by the ulnar nerve. In the present study 29% patients had grade 1 disability and 10% had grade 2 disabilities.

Conclusions: The loss of nerve function and incapacitating deformities occurring in a small proportion of leprosy patients result in serious social and psychological impact in their quality of life. Therefore, early detection of nerve function impairment is needed to avoid complications and better management of leprosy.