bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Preface
Authors: Bodwell Graham J.
Published: March 2014

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The most easterly point of North America was the setting for the 11th International Symposium on Novel Aromatic Compounds (ISNA-11), which took place on 14-18 August 2005 in the picturesque harbor city of St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. An atypically small, but nevertheless enthusiastic, group of 135 delegates representing 17 countries and 64 academic and industrial institutions participated in ISNA-11. The scientific program consisted of 107 posters (two sessions), 26 plenary lectures, and the Nozoe lecture, which was presented by Prof. Koichi Komatsu of Kyoto University.

The inaugural ISNA meeting was held in Sendai, Japan in 1970. Since then, ISNA meetings have been held at three- to four-year intervals at locations that cycle between Asia, North America, and Europe. In its infancy, the ISNA community was focused primarily on the definition and quantification of aromaticity, as well as the synthesis and study of compounds that exhibited the phenomenon, whatever it may be. Nourished by advances in synthetic methodology, analytical techniques, separation capabilities, and computational power, ISNA has blossomed over the intervening 35 years to embody a much broader and deeper set of interests. In particular, the twin issues of function and applications have emerged as integral components of ISNA's collective being.

The scientific topics of ISNA-11 were selected with an eye toward balancing the traditional areas of interest with its expansion in new directions. The 15 articles that appear in this issue embody these themes, which include:

the synthesis of aromatic compounds

theoretically interesting aromatic molecules

structural aspects of aromaticity

aromatic compounds for devices

fullerenes and nanotubes

molecular switches and machines

macrocyclic aromatic compounds

Debate about the status and future direction of ISNA was actively encouraged, and the overwhelming response was that ISNA is more vibrant and relevant than ever before. It is healthy and growing in many ways. It was therefore decided to move subsequent ISNA meetings to a two-year cycle. This will commence with ISNA-12, which will be held on Awaji Island (located near Kobe) in Japan on 22-27 July 2007. Professor Yoshito Tobe (Osaka University) will serve as conference chair. The responsibility for ISNA-13 was also awarded. It will be organized by Prof. François Diederich (ETH Zürich) and will be held at a yet to be determined European location in 2009.

Graham Bodwell

Rik Tykwinski

Conference Editors
Preface
Authors: Cogdell Richard J.
Published: March 2014

The 14th International Symposium on Carotenoids was held in Edinburgh, Scotland, UK 17-22 July 2005, under the chairmanship of Dr. George Britton. The International Symposium on Carotenoids is the official symposium for the International Carotenoid Society (http://carotenoidsociety.org), which supported the symposium as did IUPAC. Financial support was gratefully received from DSM Nutritional Products, BASF Ag, Cognis Deutschland, Fuji Chemical Company Ltd., Inexa Industria Extractora CA, Valensa International, Nu Skin International Inc., Cargill Inc., The Alcon Foundation Inc., Kemin Health, Access Business Group, and LycoRed Natural Products Industries Ltd.

The first International Symposium took place in Trondheim, Norway in 1966, and such meetings have continued at three-year intervals since then. Over that period of almost 40 years, the carotenoids field has expanded tremendously and diversified into many fields of study, especially human nutrition and health. There have also been continued advances in our understanding of the roles of carotenoids in photosynthesis and photochemistry, the regulation of their formation, de novo chemical synthesis, and the analytical techniques available for detailed structural analyses. The commercial importance of carotenoids has also significantly increased over the years; the current market was estimated to be around $887 million for 2004 and is expected to rise at an average annual growth rate of 2.9 % to just over $1 billion.

These areas were fully reflected in the 220 invited lectures, oral communications, and poster sessions. The seven articles that appear in this issue embody the themes of the symposium, namely:

- Carotenoids and Health: a series of themed sessions focusing on protection against disease, the eye, molecular and cellular processes, and nutrition

- Carotenoid Oxidation and Breakdown Products and Metabolites

- Carotenoids in Photosynthesis

- Carotenoid Biosynthesis

- Commercial Production and Applications

- Carotenoids and Nature: ecology, etc.

- Molecular Interactions of Carotenoids

Finally, we would like to thank everyone who contributed to a most successful symposium, including the local organizing committee, and look forward to the next meeting in 2008, which will be held in Okinawa, Japan and will be chaired by Prof. Hideki Hashimoto.

Richard J. Cogdell

Peter M. Bramley

Conference Editors
Preface
Authors: Nicotra Francesco , Garson Mary
Published: March 2014

In August 2007, IUPAC‚ Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry Division launched a combined Biomolecular-Biotechnology Symposium as a major component of the 41st IUPAC Congress in Turin, Italy. This four-day CHEM-BIO-TECH 2007 Symposium comprised IUPAC‚ 1st Symposium on Biotechnology held jointly with IUPAC‚ 8th Symposium on Bioorganic Chemistry, ISBOC-8.

In designing the program, the goal was to focus on work at the interface of biotechnology and biomolecular chemistry from which many key industrial and academic advances have sprung. The program embraced topics ranging from novel drug discovery, biosynthesis, biocatalysis, and organic synthesis through artificial biomolecules and other emerging biotechnological applications. Attention was also devoted to industrial experience in drug research and in biotechnological productions.

The special topics discussed during the symposium included:

- natural products synthesis, biosynthesis, and isolation

- industrial application of bioorganic chemistry and biotechnology

- bioorganic and bioinorganic chemistry, biosynthesis, and biocatalysis

- analytical methods applied to molecular recognition

This issue of Pure and Applied Chemistry comprises a collection of 11 papers based upon the invited lectures delivered at CHEM-BIO-TECH 2007. It offers readers an enduring record of the representative scientific contributions announced during the symposium, in an area of interface between chemistry and biology of great interest and relevant potential applications.

Francesco Nicotra and Mary Garson

Conference Chair and Co-chair
Preface
Authors: Tachibana Kunihide
Published: March 2014

The 18th International Symposium on Plasma Chemistry (ISPC-18) was held at Kyoto University in Kyoto, Japan from 26 to 31 August 2007 under the sponsorship of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) and the International Plasma Chemistry Society (IPCS). This is the second time that ISPC was held in Japan since ISPC-8 (Tokyo, 1987), and it was cosponsored by the 153rd Committee on Plasma Materials Science of Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS), the Japan Society of Applied Physics (JSAP), the Graduate School of Engineering at Kyoto University, the Kyoto Nanotechnology Cluster (Kyo-NANO), and the Research Institute for Applied Science (RIAS). Prior to the symposium the IUPAC Summer School on Plasma Chemistry was held from 23 to 25 August, and the Industrial Workshop on Plasma Chemistry followed the symposium on the afternoon of the last day.

ISPC is a biennial international conference with topics encompassing the whole area of plasma chemistry and plasma processing science from fundamentals to applications. There were 671 participants from 40 countries including 189 students. The topics covered the frontiers of nanotechnologies and biomedical and environmental applications as well as the traditional areas of plasma sources, diagnostics, modeling, and material syntheses. The symposium contained four plenary lectures, 21 topical invited talks, 179 oral presentations, and 547 poster presentations in the 14 categorized scientific topics. The industrial workshop consisted of 6 presentations and a panel discussion intended to focus on recycling technology for environmental issues.

The large number of high-quality contributed papers reflects the continuously growing interest of researchers in the areas of plasma chemistry. This issue of Pure and Applied Chemistry contains 13 papers based on the plenary lectures and topical invited talks presented at ISPC-18. I sincerely hope that this issue provides readers an overview of current and future scientific and industrial developments in plasma chemistry.

Kunihide Tachibana

Conference Chair
Preface
Authors: Tomkins Reginald P. T.
Published: March 2014

The 13th International Symposium on Solubility Phenomena and Related Equilibrium Processes (ISSP-13) was held at Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland, 27-31 July 2008. The symposium was sponsored by IUPAC, and arrangements were carried out by Trinity College, Dublin and University College, Dublin.

About 80 delegates attended the symposium from 27 different countries. The meeting comprised 8 invited speakers, 30 oral presentations, and 21 poster presentations.

The ISSP was first organized in 1984, is held in even-numbered years, and was an outcrop of the solubility data project where a team of experts provides critical compilations of solubility data of importance in various technologies.

Each symposium has a well-defined focus which incorporates experimental methods, data analysis, modeling, and predictive methods and general applications of solubility phenomena.

Previous symposia have focused on several themes related to solubility. These have included solubility phenomena related to atmospheric and environmental chemistry, solubility phenomena in physiology, medicine and pharmacology, solubility phenomena in salt industries, thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of solubility equilibria, and solubility phenomena related to waste processing, to name a few.

This issue of Pure and Applied Chemistry contains seven contributions from the invited lectures presented at the symposium: Modification of molecular organization of polymers by gas sorption: Thermodynamic aspects and industrial applications (J. P. Grolier, France); Solubility and related properties in hydrometallurgy (E. Königsberger, Australia); Thermodynamics of trivalent actinides and neodymium in NaCl, MgCl2, and CaCl2 solutions: Solubility, hydrolysis and ternary Ca-M(III)-OH complexes (V. Neck, Germany); A more realistic approach to speciation based on the stability constants database (L. Pettit, UK); Surface complexation and proton-promoted dissolution in aqueous apatite systems (S. Sjöberg, Sweden); Solubility and critical phenomena in reactive liquid-liquid systems (A. Toikka, Russia); and Dispersion of antimony from oxidizing ore deposits (P. Williams, Australia).

The conference program, as reflected both by the invited lectures as well as the oral communications and poster presentations, covered a variety of research areas such as: thermodynamics of species relative to nuclear waste storage, gas polymer interactions with reference to the petrochemical industry, hydrometallurgy, geochemistry, environmental aspects of solubility, as well as critical phenomena and the interpretation of a variety of phase diagrams.

Reginald P. T. Tomkins
Conference Editor
Preface
Authors: Hofman Tadeusz
Published: March 2014

The 20th International Conference on Chemical Thermodynamics (ICCT 2008) was held in Warsaw, Poland, 3-8 August 2008. It was organized jointly by the Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Polish Academy of Science, both Faculties of Chemistry of the Warsaw University of Technology and the Warsaw University, the Polish Chemical Society, and under the auspices of the International Association of Chemical Thermodynamics (IACT). This conference was significant in a line of traditional meetings gathering biennially chemical thermodynamists from all over the world. Almost 300 participants from 39 countries presented 153 oral presentations and 174 posters, among the former ones 12 plenary and 27 invited lectures were given by distinguished researchers.

The culminating event was the Rossini lecture given by Prof. Jürgen Gmehling from the University of Oldenburg in Germany, entitled "Present status and potential of group contribution methods for process development". Prof. Gmehling was awarded the prestigious Frederick D. Rossini Award, which has been given biennially to contemporary chemical thermodynamics for an outstanding contribution.

Five 2008 IACT Junior Awards were awarded to young scientists for notable achievements presented during the conference in the form of an oral communication.

The conference program was grouped into the following symposia:

- Molecular simulations of fluid and statistical thermodynamics

- Phase equilibria, supercritical fluids, and separation techniques

- Electrolyte solutions and non-electrolyte mixtures including reactive chemical systems

- Thermodynamics and properties in the biological, medical, pharmaceutical, agricultural, and food sectors

- Nanosystems, nanodevices, and advanced materials

- Thermochemistry, calorimetry, and molecular energetics

- Ionic liquids

- Surface and colloid chemistry

- Industrial thermodynamics and databases

- Thermodynamics frontiers and education

- Modulated and oscillation temperature techniques

- Environmental thermodynamics

This issue of Pure and Applied Chemistry presents 16 papers selected from the plenary and invited lectures delivered at ICCT 2008 with an emphasis on industrial thermodynamics and thermochemistry. We hope that this selection will provide insight into the scientific program of the conference.

The 21st International Conference on Chemical Thermodynamics will be held in Tsukuba, Japan, 1-6 August 2010.

Tadeusz Hofman

Conference Editor
Preface
Authors: Karakhanov Edward
Published: March 2014

The 2nd International IUPAC Conference on Green Chemistry (ICGC-2) was held 14-20 September 2008 aboard the ship "Alexander Radishev" traveling from Moscow to St. Petersburg, Russia. The conference was organized by the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Russian Foundation of Basic Research, the Russian Ministry of Education and Science, and M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University. The opening ceremony was held in the aula of the new Intellectual Center, Fundamental Library of Moscow State University.

The scientific program was centered around a number of fundamental and applied topics such as

- environmentally safe reagents and synthesis routes,

- heterogeneous catalysis,

- homogeneous and enzyme catalysis,

- prospective environmentally safe energy sources,

- use of renewables in the chemical processes,

- environmentally safe technologies of chemical products, and

- education in the field of green chemistry

The conference program included 7 plenary lectures, 10 keynote lectures, 37 oral contributions, and 120 poster presentations. Two round-table discussions were also organized. The first was organized by Prof. Hemda Garelick (Middlesex University, London) and examined the environmental context for "green chemistry" and addressed its relationship with the subject area of "environmental chemistry". The second was organized by Prof. Valery Lunin (Chemistry Department of M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow) and was devoted to the discussion of the theoretical and practical aspects of the use of supercritical fluids in chemistry and technology.

The conference attracted over 360 participants from 39 countries and 4 continents. IUPAC's green chemistry activities were presented by Prof. P. Tundo, President of IUPAC's Organic and Biomolecular Chemistry Division (INCA and Ca' Foscari University of Venice) and Prof. B. Han, Chair of the IUPAC Subcommittee on Green Chemistry. The plenary and keynote lectures with the choice of oral contributions published in this issue of Pure and Applied Chemistry cover each topic of the conference.

We look forward to the 3rd International Conference on Green Chemistry to be held in August 2010 in Canada.

Edward Karakhanov

Conference Editor
Preface
Authors: Bull James R.
Published: March 2014

The 42nd IUPAC Congress was held in Glasgow on 2-7 August 2009, under the patronage of the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). More than 2200 delegates convened in the Scottish Exhibition and Conference Centre for this biennial event, evocatively subtitled “Chemistry Solutions” for the occasion. The Organizing Committee, chaired by Prof. Paul O’Brien (Manchester University), was responsible for overall planning and compilation of an outstanding scientific program, and orchestration by the RSC conference team and their management of facilities and activities during the Congress week were widely acclaimed as indispensable factors in ensuring a memorable international celebration of chemistry. For many delegates, this was also an opportunity to discover or renew acquaintance with the proud history and distinctive ambience of this great city, and to enjoy its progressive modern image.

The scientific program of the Congress was highlighted by nine inspiring plenary lectures by leading luminaries in various aspects of the chemical sciences. In addition, multi-themed parallel sessions provided a platform for presentation of no less than about 600 lectures, under the following theme titles:

- Analysis and Detection

- Chemistry for Health

- Communication and Education

- Energy and Environment

- Industry and Innovation

- Materials

- Synthesis and Mechanism

A program of symposia was presented in each of these themes, and catered for all interests from the most fundamental insights and interpretation of current advances in chemistry to the role of chemistry in meeting the growing technological challenges and aspirations of modern society. The scientific program was enriched by the display of over 1200 posters dealing in every imaginable area of pure and applied chemistry, and handsomely representing the contributions of a great number of the young scientists who attended the Congress.

Publication coverage of events such as the 42nd IUPAC Congress is challenging. Invited participants are often confronted with competing commitments, and a large multidisciplinary scientific program militates against reconciling a fully representative publication record with the readership appeal of a thematically coherent collection of works. This addition to the illustrious publication record of the Congress series in Pure and Applied Chemistry (PAC) (www.iupac.org/publications/pac/conferences/family/CONGRESS/) adheres to the recent practice of concentrating on more selective publication of certain themes. It is thus a pleasure to introduce a representative collection of works, based upon a seminal plenary presentation by Sir Fraser Stoddart and lectures by a distinguished group of invited contributors to the themes of “Chemistry for Health” and “Synthesis and Mechanism”. The organizers are particularly grateful to these presenters for ensuring that readers of PAC have an opportunity to relive or engage vicariously in an outstanding IUPAC Congress.

James R. Bull

Scientific Editor
Preface
Authors: Jessop Philip G.
Published: March 2014

The 3rd International Conference on Green Chemistry (ICGC-3) was held in Ottawa, Canada, 15-18 August 2010, with the theme “The Road to Greener Industry”. Bringing together academia and industry to trade ideas about green chemistry was the purpose of the meeting. Dedicated sessions on industrial aspects, presented by industry speakers, were well attended by both academics and industrial representatives. Academic sessions, in turn, presented new ideas to both groups. Major topics in the conference were green energy (biofuels, H2 production, CO2 capture), green engineering (energy efficiency, greener processes, separations), policy (industry, government, NGOs), green chemistry education, green transportation (materials, additives, powertrain) and green chemical synthesis (benign routes, solvents, catalysts, biopolymers). The 348 delegates travelled to Ottawa from 33 countries, making it a truly international discussion.

This issue contains five important lectures from the conference. Peter Wells gives us a rather sobering discussion of some of the unintended consequences of green improvements. Zheng Cui, Evan S. Beach, and Paul T. Anastas describe many of the exciting green chemistry developments coming from China in the past three years. John Andraos announces a new database and algorithm that allows industry to evaluate the efficiency of synthesis plans. Achim Stolle and Bernd Ondruschka compare the performance and energy efficiency of solvent-free reactions performed by ball milling versus other methods such as microwave. Ken Seddon describes the use of new ionic liquids as catalysts for the oligomerization of linear terminal olefins to make lubricant oils.

May these articles continue the discussion, stimulate more ideas, and help us all go down the Road to Greener Industry.

Philip G. Jessop

Conference Chair and Conference Editor
Preface
Authors: Bull James R.
Published: March 2014

The IUPAC Conferences on Physical Organic Chemistry are one of several series that arose from Union initiatives in the service of chemistry, and have since become established through regular biennial events on the international stage. Following an inaugural conference in 1972, the enduring topicality of physical organic chemistry in all its expressions has ensured that this series continues to prosper.

In a return to Korea after an interval of 14 years since ICPOC-13 (Inchon), the 20th IUPAC Conference on Physical Organic Chemistry (ICPOC-20) was held in the Exhibition & Convention Center, Busan, Korea on 22-28 August 2010. An ambitious scientific program set out to demonstrate the rich diversity of current advances and challenges through the medium of 22 plenary lectures, including presentations by four Nobel laureates, and supported by an extensive program of invited and contributed works in the form of lectures and posters. The conference was well attended by local and international delegates.

This collection offers Pure and Applied Chemistry readers a representative glimpse of the scientific program, with papers by six leading authorities on topics such as models for glycosyl transfer in water (I. H. Williams), ballistic conduction in single-molecule conductors (P. W. Fowler), superelectrophilic chemistry (J. Roithová), anion receptors in highly competitive solvents (J. Jurczak), nanotube design for water splitting catalysis (M. Prato), and enzymatic catalysis (J. P. Richard). These fine works contribute new insights into mechanism and reactivity, and will enrich the archival record ((http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/conferences/family/ICPOC/)) of a series that continues to nurture the rigorous underpinnings of the chemical sciences.

The forthcoming 21st event in the ICPOC series will take place at Durham University, UK on 9-13 September 2012 under the Chairmanship of Prof. I. Williams (University of Bath, UK).

James R. Bull

Scientific Editor, Pure and Applied Chemistry
Preface
Authors: Carroll Anthony R.
Published: March 2014

The IUPAC-sponsored joint meeting of the 27th International Symposium on the Chemistry of Natural Products (ISCNP-27) and the 7th International Conference on Biodiversity (ICOB-7) was held in Brisbane, Australia from 10 to 15 July 2011. The meeting was co-chaired by Prof. Ron Quinn from Griffith University and Prof. Mary Garson from the University of Queensland.

The meeting brought together a broad cross-section of highly renowned scientists from academia, government, and industry, who presented their findings in 42 plenary and invited talks. An excellent diversity of contributed short talks were provided by a further 20 speakers. Three successful sessions were devoted to short (3 min) oral poster presentations given by 18 early-career scientists describing the research presented in their posters. A total of 76 posters were also presented. Scientists from 24 countries presented their research at the conference. Topics covered at the symposia included: discovery of new metabolites, isolation and structure elucidation, synthesis, neglected diseases, biosynthesis, engineered biosynthesis, chemical ecology, new methodology, and biodiversity. The chemistry from a rich diversity of sources was covered, including marine invertebrates, insects, plants, fungi, bacteria, myxobacteria, cyanobacteria, and even mammalian venoms.

The 14 papers included in this issue of Pure and Applied Chemistry are based upon lectures presented at ISCNP-27/ICOB-7. The papers represent a good cross-section of the major themes in natural products research presented during the meeting and demonstrate the multidisciplinary nature and extensive breadth of applications that natural products research can provide to the wider community. The next meeting in this series is scheduled to take place in Shanghai in 2013.

Anthony R. Carroll

Conference Editor
Preface
Authors: Ma Shengming , Ding Kuiling
Published: March 2014

The 16th International Symposium on Organometallic Chemistry Directed Towards Organic Synthesis (OMCOS 16) was held in Shanghai, China during the period of 24-28 July 2011. It was jointly organized by the Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry (SIOC), the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), and East China Normal University under the auspices of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. It was held at the Shanghai International Convention Center, located in the heart of the Lujiazui-Shanghai Financial and Trade zone, adjacent to the Oriental Pearl TV Tower and facing the multinational styles of architecture along the Bund across the Huangpu River, nicely showing part of the history and the dynamic nature of China at this moment.

It was the first time for mainland China to host the OMCOS meeting following the successful series of symposia held at Fort Collins (1981), Dijon (1983), Kyoto (1985), Vancouver (1987), Florence (1989), Utrecht (1991), Kobe (1993), Santa Barbara (1995), Gottingen (1997), Versailles (1999), Taipei (2001), Toronto (2003), Geneva (2005), Nara (2007), and Glasgow (2009).

The symposium program featured 11 plenary lectures, 13 invited lectures, 12 oral presentations, one OMCOS Award Lecture (sponsored by Springer Verlag and the Yen-Chuang Foundation), and one OBC Award Lecture (sponsored by the Royal Society of Chemistry). Notably, the plenary lecture given by the Nobel laureate, Prof. Ei-ichi Negishi, was delivered right after the reception dinner on 24 July. Prof. Frank Glorius from Universität Münster received the OMCOS Award, and Prof. Michael C. Willis from the University of Oxford received the OBC Award.

The symposium was attended by 993 participants from 21 countries and areas. The scientific program also presented well-supported poster sessions comprising 507 posters of remarkably high quality. On the basis of assessment by the distinguished international committee, 20 posters were awarded with the OMCOS-16 Poster Prizes, sponsored by Henkel, John Wiley, IUPAC, Thieme, the Royal Society of Chemistry, and Elsevier.

This issue of Pure and Applied Chemistry comprises a collection of 9 papers based upon lectures delivered at OMCOS-16 (Conference Editor, Shuli You), offering the readers a glimpse of the fascinating achievements in this area communicated at the symposium.

The series will continue with OMCOS-17, which will be held in Fort Collins, Colorado, USA (www.omcos17.com), 28 July-1 August 2013, under the chairmanship of Prof. Tomislav Rovis.

Shengming Ma and Kuiling Ding

Conference Chairs
Preface
Authors: Hannongbua Supa , Grudpan Kate
Published: March 2014

The 14th Asian Chemical Congress (14 ACC) was held in Bangkok, Thailand 5-8 September 2011 by the Chemical Society of Thailand (CST) under the patronage of Prof. Dr. Her Royal Highness Princess Chulabhorn. The congress was supported as a tradition hosted by the members of the Federation of Asian Chemical Societies (FACS) and sponsored by IUPAC. The congress was a unique and exciting forum for meeting the challenge put forth by the event's theme: "Contemporary chemistry for sustainability and economic sufficiency". The congress attracted more than 1800 scientists from 48 different countries. Two Nobel Laureate lectures, a Kavli Foundation lecture, 6 plenary lectures, and FACS Award lectures were delivered, and 183 invited papers and approximately 1000 contributed scientific papers were presented in 23 symposia, 45 concurrent sessions, and poster presentations.

In order to meet the significance of the theme of the congress and to celebrate the International Year of Chemistry 2011, this issue of Pure and Applied Chemistry collects seven selected articles from invited lectures delivered at the congress to highlight "Sustainability and economic sufficiency: Novelty in green analytical chemistry". These articles are: "Pulsed chronopotentiometric membrane electrodes based on plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) with covalently bound ferrocene functionalities as solid contact transducer" (Eric Bakker); "Laboratory automation based on flow techniques" (Victor Cerda); "Chemiluminescence immunoassay for a nonionic surfactant using a compact disc-type microfluidic platform" (Toshihiko Imato); "Cauliflower polyaniline/multiwalled carbon nanotubes electrode and its applications to hydrogen peroxide and glucose detection" (Proespichaya Kanatharana); "More with less: Advances in flow and paper-based monitoring of nutrients in aquatic systems" (Ian D. McKelvie); "Computer-controlled flow chemical analysis (CC-FCA) and its application to environmental analytical chemistry" (Shoji Motomizu); and "Reagent-free analytical flow methods for the soft drink industry: Efforts for environmentally friendly chemical analysis" (Duangjai Nacapricha).

Other general papers presented in the congress were published in the 14 ACC Proceedings.

We certainly acknowledge the great contribution made to this congress by the Congress Chair, Prof. Supawan Tantayanont, as well as the local organizing and scientific committees. We also thank the different organizers and session chairs for the symposia and workshops, which were exhibited in a lively manner during this successful congress, and the contributors to this issue.

The 15th ACC is scheduled to be held 19-23 August 2013 in Singapore.

Supa Hannongbua and Kate Grudpan

Conference Editors
Preface
Authors: Valliant John , Harrington Laura
Published: March 2014

The 14th International Meeting on Boron Chemistry (IMEBORON-XIV) was held in Niagara Falls, Canada in 2011 and was attended by 270 participants from 18 countries. The 19 articles in this month's Pure and Applied Chemistry (PAC) are derived from the research presented at the conference, which stimulated lively discussion and facilitated new collaborations.

The conference was divided into three sections representing organic, inorganic, and medicinal boron chemistry. The participants enjoyed the three plenary lectures from Profs. Holger Braunschweig, Fred Hawthorne, and Varinder K. Aggarwal as well as 141 oral and 111 poster presentations.

We would like to acknowledge the direction and support given by the Scientific Committee (Profs. Tom Baker, Rob Batey, Dennis Hall, Warren Piers, and Doug Stephan), as well as the members of the International Organizing Committee, who provided valuable contributions to the planning of the meeting.

We appreciate the support of the conference sponsors, as well as IUPAC and the editorial staff of PAC.

We also thank all of the attendees and participants for their contributions, and look forward to IMEBORON-XV, which will be held in the Czech Republic in 2014.

John Valliant and Laura Harrington

Conference Organizers
Preface
Authors: Bazzi Hassan S.
Published: March 2014

The 14th International Conference on Polymers and Organic Chemistry (POC 2012) was held 6-9 January 2012 in Doha, capital of the State of Qatar. This conference followed the 13th edition of this series, which was held in Montreal, Canada in 2009, and is a biannual meeting that travels from one continent to another since its inception in 1982 in Lyon, France to discuss recent results in the fields of polymer and organic chemistry in order to promote their importance in our everyday lives. This was the first IUPAC-sponsored meeting ever in the State of Qatar and the first time this meeting (POC) took place in the Arab world since it was established. POC 2012 was a very successful event, attended by approximately 300 chemists from over 15 countries.

The conference featured Dr. Robert H. Grubbs, Victor and Elizabeth Atkins Professor of Chemistry at the California Institute of Technology and 2005 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry, as keynote speaker. His lecture was titled “The synthesis of large and small molecules using olefin metathesis catalysts”.

The conference consisted of eight oral sessions, which focused on:

- Polyolefins (Chair: Dr. Abbas Razavi, Total Petrochemicals Research Feluy)

- Responsive and smart polymers (Chair: Dr. David E. Bergbreiter, Texas A&M University)

- Polymers in energy (Chair: Dr. Hiroyuki Nishide, Waseda University)

- Polymers as therapeutics (Chair: Dr. Karen L. Wooley, Texas A&M University)

- Advances in polymer synthesis (Chair: Prof. Brigitte Voit, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden)

- Orthogonal chemistry: organic and polymer synthesis (Chair: Dr. Craig Hawker, University of California Santa Barbara)

- Macromolecular engineering with biomolecules (Chair: Dr. Hanadi F. Sleiman, McGill University)

- Polymers from renewable resources (Chair: Dr. Joe Kurian, Dupont Company).

In addition to the keynote lecture, the conference featured an impressive 43 invited lectures by prominent chemists from all over the globe. The oral sessions featured an additional 29 contributed talks. The poster session showcased the latest results presented by 71 faculty and students attendees.

The organizers of the POC 2012 would like to thank the sponsors who generously supported this event. Qatar Petrochemical Company (QAPCO) was the premier sponsor. The organizers are also grateful to the following sponsors: Qatar Fertiliser Company (QAFCO), Qatar University, Qatar Foundation, Texas A&M University at Qatar, and Qatar Airways.

I would like finally to acknowledge all the members of the POC 2012 Organizing Committee and International Advisory Committee for their immense contributions. Special thanks are extended in particular to Hala El-Dakak and G. Benjamin Cieslinski for their outstanding efforts.

Hassan S. Bazzi

Conference Chair
Preface
Authors: Rizzacasa Mark A.
Published: March 2014

The 19th International Conference on Organic Synthesis (ICOS-19) was jointly held with the 24th Royal Australian Chemical Institute Organic Division Conference (RACIOrganic24) in Melbourne, Australia from 1 to 6 July 2012. The meeting was co-chaired by Prof. Mark Rizzacasa (ICOS-19 Chair) from the University of Melbourne and Dr. Paul Savage (RACIOrganic24 Chair) from CSIRO Materials Science and Engineering, Melbourne.

This meeting was attended by over 500 scientists from more than 30 countries, making it the largest organic chemistry conference ever to be held in Australia. The extensive program consisted of 12 plenary lectures, 18 invited lectures, the Thieme-IUPAC Prize in Synthetic Organic Chemistry award address delivered by Prof. Melanie Sanford (University of Michigan), and the Birch Medal address given by Prof. Stephen Pyne (University of Wollongong). In addition, there were 60 seminars in the RACIOrganic24 program delivered in 3 parallel sessions and over 240 poster presentations. ICOS-19 topics included the total synthesis of natural products, asymmetric synthesis, organocatalysis, transition- metal catalysis, CH functionalization, new reagents and reactions, prospects in bioorganic chemistry and chemical biology, and the synthesis of organic materials. The 12 papers in this issue of Pure and Applied Chemistry are contributions from both plenary and invited speakers and represent a good cross-section of the themes of this meeting. The tradition will continue in 2014 with the 20th International Conference on Organic Synthesis (ICOS-20), which will be held in Budapest, Hungary.

Mark A. Rizzacasa

Conference Editor
Preface
Authors: Jiménez-Barbero Jesús , Martín-Santamaría Sonsoles
Published: March 2014

The 26th International Carbohydrate Symposium (ICS 2012) took place in Madrid, Spain from 22 to 27 July 2012. One thousand delegates and accompanying persons attended the meeting from all continents. The meeting was a tremendous success, gathering both senior scientists and several hundreds of young glycoscientists.

This conference is the most important one in carbohydrate chemistry and biochemistry, and the participants presented their latest contributions in the different aspects of the field. From organic synthesis to biomedicine, passing through structural aspects, molecular recognition features, materials science applications, and mechanistic biochemistry advances, among many others. From the chemical aspects, it is today evident that the glycochemistry field is alive and continuously expanding. Synthetic chemistry methods permit access to a variety of oligosaccharides, both neutral and charged, in amounts that in turn allow the study of their biochemical and biomedical properties at a level of complexity that was elusive a few years ago. Additionally, the latest advances in purification techniques together with the improvement in analytical tools permit working with pure glycoconjugates under many different experimental conditions.

This multidisciplinary issue of Pure and Applied Chemistry gathers 10 representative contributions from eminent scientists working in the field. They encompass the different aspects described above. The importance of NMR techniques to unravel the conformation, dynamics, and molecular recognition features of oligosaccharides is described, as well as the importance of natural and modified saccharides as sources of new nanomaterials or molecular transporters. Organic synthesis methods together with enzymatic approaches are presented as complementary approaches to obtain saccharides and their glycomimetics, showing different properties as ligands and/or inhibitors and strikingly diverse structures. Modifications of polysaccharides to access novel biomaterials are also considered. Fundamental mechanistic aspects are described from the chemical and biochemical perspectives. Therefore, we feel that this PAC issue serves to show to the chemical community different aspects of modern carbohydrate chemistry, which is today at the cutting edge of diverse scientific disciplines and acts as a glue to bring together scientists with different expertise to tackle key problems for science and society.

Jesús Jiménez-Barbero and Sonsoles Martín-Santamaría

Conference Editors
Preface
Authors: Torto Nelson
Published: March 2014

The fourth conference of the African Network for Analytical Chemists (SEANAC) took place in Maputo, Mozambique, 8-11 July 2012.

The SEANAC conferences are always characterized by pre-symposium workshops that are meant to address various aspects for students. In Maputo, on day one, a workshop on "Sample preparation" was given by Dr. Ron Majors of Agilent Technologies. On day two, Dr. Sharon Neal of the National Science Foundation (USA) gave a workshop on "Writing effective grants". On the same day, Dr. Jean Pemberton of Arizona University (USA) gave a workshop on "The basics of writing a good manuscript" and Dr. Jorge Gardea-Torresdey of Texas University at El Paso (USA) gave a workshop on "How to get published in scientific journals".

Five keynote lectures were given: "Electrospun sorbents and colorometric probes", Prof. N. Torto, Rhodes University (South Africa); "Pressurized fluid technology in green analytical chemistry", Prof. Charlotta Turner, Lund University (Sweden); "The speciation of mercury in soil, water and ambient air: Analytical protocols and detection", Prof. Andrew Crouch, University of Witwatersrand (South Africa); "Advances in biological and food sample method development by GCxGC/TOF-MS", Prof. Jean-Marie Dimandja, LECO (USA); and "Use of synchrotron techniques to study the environmental implications of nanoparticles in the environment: The case of terrestrial plants", Prof. Jorge Gardea-Torresdey, University of Texas at El Paso (USA).

In the main conference, 5 plenary as well as 40 lectures were presented. The papers published in this issue reflect the main areas of focus at the conference, as they covered aspects of agriculture, environment, health, and emerging applications based on nanotechnology.

Nelson Torto

Conference Editor
Attitudes Toward Over‐the‐Counter Access To Oral Contraceptives Among a Sample Of Abortion Clients in the United States
Authors: Grindlay Kate , Foster Diana Greene , Grossman Daniel
Published: March 2014

Context

Women having abortions are at high risk for future unintended pregnancy, and removing the prescription requirement for oral contraceptives may increase continuation and adoption of this effective method.

Methods

A survey fielded from May to July 2011 collected information from 651 women aged 15–46 seeking abortion services at six urban clinics from across the United States. Descriptive statistics, chi‐square tests and logistic regression analyses were conducted to estimate women's interest in over‐the‐counter access to oral contraceptives.

Results

Eighty‐one percent of respondents supported over‐the‐counter access to oral contraceptives; while 42% of women planned to use the pill after their abortion, 61% said they would likely use this method if it were available over the counter. Thirty‐three percent of women who planned to use no contraceptive following their abortion said they would use an over‐the‐counter pill, as did 38% who planned to use condoms afterward. In multivariable analysis, several subgroups had increased odds of likely over‐the‐counter use: women who were older than 19 (odds ratios, 1.8 for those aged 20–29 and 1.6 for those aged 30–46), were uninsured (1.5), had ever used the pill (1.4), had had difficulty obtaining a prescription refill for hormonal contraceptives (2.7) or planned to use the pill postabortion (13.0). By contrast, compared with white respondents, women of other races or ethnicities were less likely to say they would use over‐the‐counter pills (0.4–0.7).

Conclusions

Interest in a hypothetical over‐the‐counter oral contraceptive was high in this sample, and this delivery model has the potential to reduce unintended pregnancy among abortion patients.
Written to be read: Apersonal reflection on screenwriting research, thenand now
Authors: Sternberg Claudia
Published: March 2014

Having been identified as an early contributor to the intensifying academic study of the (American) screenplay and screenwriting, the author presents a personal account of the circumstances which led to her own research in the 1990s and the publication of Written for the Screen: The American Motion-Picture Screenplay as Text in 1997. Additionally, she offers some reflections on the consolidation and institutionalization of screenwriting research and sketches a number of possibilities for future work in the field.
Reviews
Authors: Velikovsky JT , Bray John Patrick , Greens Rob
Published: March 2014

The Screenplay Business: Managing Creativity and Script Development in the Film Industry, Peter Bloore, 2013 London and New York: Routledge, 350 pp., ISBN 978-0415613330, p/bk, £26.99

Writing the Science Fiction Film, Robert Grant, 2013 Studio City: Michael Wiese Productions, 244 pp., ISBN 978-1615931361, p/bk, £17.99

Filmcraft: Screenwriting, Tim Grierson, 2013 Lewes: ILEX, 192 pp., ISBN 978-1908150714, p/bk, £19.99
Internal and external factors on firms’ transfer pricing decisions: insights from organization studies
Authors: Li Dan , Ferreira Manuel Portugal
Published: March 2014

Well understood in economics, accounting, finance, and legal research, transfer pricing has rarely been comprehensively explored in organization management literature. This paper explores some theoretical explanations of transfer pricing within multidivisional firms drawing insights from various organizational theories – primarily institutional theory, transaction cost economics, and social networks – to develop a conceptual model of transfer pricing. This model focuses on the nature of multidivisional firms’ internal transfers, internal and external technological environments, and internal and external social environments. We highlight the importance of transfer pricing as a key strategic dimension to understand intra-firm flows and their associated costs.
Modernização administrativa e gestão da qualidade: um estudo empírico nos municípios portugueses
Authors: Moura e Sá Patrícia , Fernandes Sintra Olívia
Published: March 2014

Os esforços de Modernização Administrativa têm-se norteado por objectivos de simplificação, eficiência e transparência, no sentido de prestar melhores serviços aos cidadãos. Abordagens de Gestão da Qualidade, centradas em princípios de enfoque no cliente, envolvimento e melhoria contínua, têm vindo a ser encaradas como um veículo para alcançar essas metas. Neste estudo, com dados de 115 municípios portugueses, é feita uma avaliação do estado de implementação de um conjunto de aspectos da Modernização Administrativa e analisada a sua relação com a adopção de referenciais da qualidade. Os resultados permitem afirmar que existem aspectos consagrados em Lei ainda não totalmente implementados e também que os municípios que adoptam a Gestão da Qualidade e, em particular, têm serviços certificados são aqueles em que a Modernização Administrativa está mais avançada, nomeadamente quanto às iniciativas de Governo Electrónico.
Time preference and cyclical endogenous growth in an AK growth model
Authors: Gomes Orlando
Published: March 2014

The paper develops an AK endogenous growth model with an endogenously determined rate of intertemporal preference. Following some of the related literature, we assume that the degree of impatience that is revealed by the representative agent, regarding future consumption, depends on income. To be precise, the proposed framework establishes a link between the output gap and the discount rate attached to the sequence of future utility functions. We analyze both local and global dynamics. From a local analysis point of view, a variety of stability results is possible to obtain, depending on parameter values. The study of global dynamics allows finding endogenous business cycles in the circumstance in which the representative agent overlooks one essential requirement for optimality. On a second stage, the model is extended to include the role of leisure and, in this case, endogenous fluctuations are compatible with full rationality.
Social insertion income: the contribution of the association "Qualificar para Incluir" towards enhancing this policy
Authors: Queiroz Maria Cidália , Gros Marielle
Published: March 2014

Strong constraints limit the potential of the Social Insertion Income (SII) policy to fight the resurgence of material poverty and the current loss of social cohesion. The right to insertion is seriously compromised by the chronic deficit of job opportunities and the withdrawal of the Welfare State. However, by translating scientific knowledge of economic, social and symbolic exclusion into modes of action, it is possible to take advantage of the narrow scope of institutional power that remains in the scope of local intervention. Raising the social and cultural capital of SII beneficiaries in order to reformulate their habitus and promoting their return to training in order to acquire an effective asset for their professional and social life are the main axes of the social experiments undertaken by the association Qualificar para Incluir.