bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comparative Analysis on Factors Influencing Teacher Retention in Rural Public Primary Schools in Tanzania: The Case of Kilolo, Mufindi and Iringa Rural Public Primary Schools in Iringa Region
Authors: Mrisho Hassan , Matiku Emmanuel , Kipilimba Theobald
Published: October 2023

The purpose of this study was to comparatively analyse why schools in Kilolo district had a high retention rate than those in Iringa DC and Mufindi districts by looking at the factors influencing teacher retention. The study was driven by three factors in the objectives which included; leadership influence, social services, and promotional opportunities and how they affect teacher retention. The study engaged two theoretical approaches i.e., Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory. The study used both quantitative and qualitative approaches to obtain, interpret and present findings from the field. In all the selected districts, the population was 3660, from which a sample size of 351 was purposively drawn and distributed with questionnaires. Interviews were also administered made to 3 educational administrative officers. Each district was represented by 117 teacher-respondents who were distributed with questionnaires and 1 administrative officer who participated in the interview. Based on the findings, the researcher concluded that leadership influence, accessibility to social services and promotion opportunities had higher positive effects on teacher’s retention rates in Kilolo districts than in Iringa DC and Mufindi districts. The study recommended that, given the state of distribution of social services in all selected districts and the overall low level of promotion opportunities, the government should increase the capacity to build social services infrastructures as well as increase promotion opportunities because they are likely to enhance the motivation of teachers thereby increasing retention rates
Melatonin, BAG-1 and cortisol circadian interactions in tumor pathogenesis and patterned immune responses
Authors: Anderson George
Published: October 2023

A dysregulated circadian rhythm is significantly associated with cancer risk, as is aging. Both aging and circadian dysregulation show suppressed pineal melatonin, which is indicated in many studies to be linked to cancer risk and progression. Another independently investigated aspect of the circadian rhythm is the cortisol awakening response (CAR), which is linked to stress-associated hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activation. CAR and HPA axis activity are primarily mediated via activation of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), which drives patterned gene expression via binding to the promotors of glucocorticoid response element (GRE)-expressing genes. Recent data shows that the GR can be prevented from nuclear translocation by the B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)-associated athanogene 1 (BAG-1), which translocates the GR to mitochondria, where it can have diverse effects. Melatonin also suppresses GR nuclear translocation by maintaining the GR in a complex with heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). Melatonin, directly and/or epigenetically, can upregulate BAG-1, suggesting that the dramatic 10-fold decrease in pineal melatonin from adolescence to the ninth decade of life will attenuate the capacity of night-time melatonin to modulate the effects of the early morning CAR. The interactions of pineal melatonin/BAG-1/Hsp90 with the CAR are proposed to underpin how aging and circadian dysregulation are associated with cancer risk. This may be mediated via differential effects of melatonin/BAG-1/Hsp90/GR in different cells of microenvironments across the body, from which tumors emerge. This provides a model of cancer pathogenesis that better integrates previously disparate bodies of data, including how immune cells are regulated by cancer cells in the tumor microenvironment, at least partly via the cancer cell regulation of the tryptophan-melatonin pathway. This has a number of future research and treatment implications.
Strengthening Audiovisual Automation Courses in Food Engineering Careers
Authors: Sánchez-Chero Manuel , Flores-Mendoza Lesly C. , Vallejos More Leandro Alonso , Calle-Berru Estrellita M. , Soplapuco-Montalvo Juan Pedro , Ortega Cabrejos Mónica Ysabel , Sánchez-Chero José Antonio
Published: October 2023

The automation courses established in the curricula of food engineering careers need to be strengthened and updated in order to improve student learning and new trends related to process automation such as IoT are covered. A review of the literature was carried out whose objective was to obtain an overview of the status of automation courses in food engineering careers and to share improvements to strengthen these in order to ensure that graduates acquire the necessary skills and competences to perform in today's industry.
Optimierung von Drehprozessen
Authors: Heckemeyer Arnd , Bergmann Benjamin , Denkena Berend
Published: October 2023

Moderne Drehprozesse sind durch komplexe Einsatzbedingungen gekennzeichnet. Gezeigt wird, wie der Verschleiß der hochwertigen Werkzeuge reduziert und ihre Standzeit gesteigert werden kann. Dies gelingt Forschenden am IFW mithilfe einer Modulation der Prozessstellgrößen.
Wirtschaftliche Regeneration defekter Formwerkzeuge
Authors: Heide Klaas Maximilian , Malek Talash , Denkena Berend , Wichmann Marcel , Brouwer Dominik
Published: October 2023

Unternehmen in Hochlohnländern stehen vor der Herausforderung, Formwerkzeuge für die Massenproduktion kostengünstig herzustellen und instand zu halten. Diese Werkzeuge jedoch anfällig für Verschleiß und Beschädigungen während des Produktionsprozesses, wodurch es zu Produktionsausfällen und wirtschaftlichen Verlusten kommen kann.
5-Achs-Rundtisch-Fräsanlagen
Authors: Fecht Nikolaus
Published: October 2023

Die Qualität von Kunststoffbauteilen hängt erheblich von der mechanischen Nachbearbeitung ab. Ein führendes Unternehmen im Bereich Tiefziehteile aus Kunststoff setzt daher seit mehr als drei Jahrzehnten auf Werkzeugmaschinen aus dem Allgäu.
A neural oscillatory signature of sustained anxiety
Authors: Roxburgh Ariel D. , White David J. , Grillon Christian , Cornwell Brian R.
Published: October 2023

Background

Anxiety is a sustained response to uncertain threats; yet few studies have explored sustained neurobiological activities underlying anxious states, particularly spontaneous neural oscillations. To address this gap, we reanalysed magnetoencephalographic (MEG) data recorded during induced anxiety to identify differences in sustained oscillatory activity between high- and low-anxiety states.

Methods

We combined data from three previous MEG studies in which healthy adults (total N = 51) were exposed to alternating periods of threat of unpredictable shock and safety while performing a range of cognitive tasks (passive oddball, mixed–saccade or stop-signal tasks). Spontaneous, band-limited, oscillatory activity was extracted from middle and late intervals of the threat and safe periods, and regional power distributions were reconstructed with adaptive beamforming. Conjunction analyses were used to identify regions showing overlapping spectral power differences between threat and safe periods across the three task paradigms.

Results

MEG source analyses revealed a robust and widespread reduction in beta (14-30 Hz) power during threat periods in bilateral sensorimotor cortices extending into right prefrontal regions. Alpha (8-13 Hz) power reductions during threat were more circumscribed, with notable peaks in left intraparietal sulcus and thalamus.

Conclusions

Threat-induced anxiety is underpinned by a sustained reduction in spontaneous beta- and alpha-band activity in sensorimotor and parietal cortical regions. This general oscillatory pattern likely reflects a state of heightened action readiness and vigilance to cope with uncertain threats. Our findings provide a critical reference for which to identify abnormalities in cortical oscillatory activities in clinically anxious patients as well as evaluating the efficacy of anxiolytic treatments.
Comparative Analysis of Academic Performance of Architecture Students in Building Structures and Architectural Designs in Southwestern Public Universities in Nigeria
Authors: Oyadokun J. O , Odunjo O. O , Akindele O. A
Published: October 2023

Building structures and Architecture designs are major and compulsory courses in the study of Architecture. The knowledge obtained in Building structures is applied in Architectural designs. However, students’ performances in Building structures courses have been observed to be generally low and what is not known is if there is low performance in Architectural designs also. This study therefore carried out a comparative analysis of academic performance of Architecture students in Building structures and Architectural designs courses in Southwestern Nigerian public Universities in order to improve on students’ performances on these courses. The study was a descriptive survey that involved questionnaire, five public universities approved by the National Universities Commission and Architects Registration Council of Nigeria namely: FUTA, LAUTECH, OAU, UNILAG and OOU were purposively sampled. A total of 702 questionnaires were administered to all the pre-final and final year students in the Department of Architecture of the sampled universities, while only 541 questionnaires were adequately completed and considered fit for analysis. Cross tabulation with chi-square was used to summarize the data. Pearson Product Moment Correlation was employed to show the relationship between Building structure knowledge and Architectural designs performance, while Regression analysis was used to assess the effect of the two courses on students’ performances. The study revealed that there was a significant relationship between the knowledge of Building structure and students’ performance in Architectural designs as the students progressed in their studies (r=0.641; p=0.046). The study concluded that the depth of knowledge in Building Structures is a function of good performance in Architectural designs, when all other factors leading to good Architectural Designs expertise are kept in place.
Differential Diagnosis of Retinoblastoma in Patients with Leucocoria
Authors: TUNÇ Murat
Published: October 2023

In this review we tried to evaluate the differential diagnosis of leucocoria in patients with other causes than retinoblastoma in suspect of retinoblastoma and emphasize the findings that needs to be considered in differential diagnosis. We also tried to define the remarking findings in differential diagnosis of these lesions.
Terapias de Tratamiento Farmacológico en la Radiculopatía Cervical Secundarias a Hernias de Disco: Artículo de Revisión
Authors: Fuentes Baez Carlos Eduardo , Sandoval Gutiérrez José Ángel Elí , Tovar Sanchez Graciela , Santiago González Moisés
Published: October 2023

La radiculopatía cervical (RC) impone un gran impacto epidemiológico en el ámbito personal y socioeconómico. Es una de las 5 condiciones principales de dolor crónico (DC) en términos de prevalencia y años perdidos por discapacidad. Aunque la mayoría de los episodios agudos se resuelven espontáneamente, más de un tercio de los afectados tendrán síntomas leves y/o recurrentes por más de 1 año. Los antiinflamatorios no esteroideos (AINES) son eficaces para el dolor agudo, y la práctica clínica se guía principalmente por los resultados de estudios realizados para otras condiciones de DC. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una revisión detallada de las terapias farmacológicas actuales más eficaces para el tratamiento de la RC por hernia de disco, basándonos en diversas plataformas científicas y bases de datos especializadas internacionales y nacionales en inglés y español, incluyendo alrededor de 65 artículos actualizados que brindan esta información pertinente. Se observó que existen pocos artículos de investigación enfocados en el tratamiento farmacológico de la RC, sin embargo, la mayoría concluyen en que se debe de iniciar el manejo del dolor de manera personalizada, considerando los comórbidos de cada paciente; iniciando con paracetamol, AINES, AINES-selectivos, derivados débiles opioides y/o en combinación con fármacos neuromoduladores.
Analysis of the Application of Pharmaceutical Service Standards and Patient Satisfaction with Accreditation Status and Types of Services
Authors: Tarigan Betharina Br , Dalimunthe Aminah , Nasution Azizah , Harahap Urip , Khairunnisa Khairunnisa
Published: October 2023

Accreditation is a method to improve the quality of health services, so that it is expected that the services provided are in accordance with established regulations. This study aims the implementation of Pharmaceutical Service Standards (PCSs) and patient satisfaction on accreditation status and types of PHCs in Deli Serdang Regency, Sumatera Utara. This descriptive analytical cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze pharmacy services at PHCs (n=34) in Deli Serdang Regency. The reference used is the Checklist for PCSs based on direct observations and interviews with the person in charge of pharmacy and the Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire. The data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 22. The results on the value of a total score PCSs showed 41-90, with the highest level of patient satisfaction is the very satisfied category is 65.90%.The correlation test was analyzed using the Chi-Square test with a significance limit of p<0.05, the correlation of accreditation status to the implementation of PCSs showed a value of p=0.304, the correlation of the type of service to the implementation of PCSs showed a value of p=0.591, the correlation of the accreditation status of PHCs to the level of satisfaction patient value showed a value of p=0.000. This study concluded that the accreditation status of the PHCs does not affect implementation of PCSs, the type of PHCs service does not affect implementation of PCSs and the accreditation status of the PHCs has an effect on the level of patient satisfaction in Deli Serdang Region, Sumatera Utara.
Erkek Futbolcularda Vücut Kompozisyonunun Solunum Performansına Etkisi
Authors: YILMAZ Coşkun , SOMOĞLU Mustafa Barış
Published: October 2023

Solunum sistemi sportif performansı etkileyen faktörlerden biridir. Futbolcular için solunumu etkileyen vücut kompozisyonu faktörleri, oyuncuların performansını ve dayanıklılığını doğrudan etkilemektedir. Çalışmamızın amacı erkek futbolcularda vücut kompozisyon faktörlerinin solunum fonksiyonuna etkisinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmaya katılan tüm deneklerin vücut kompozisyon parametrelerini belirlemek için Gaia 359 Plus BodyPass biyoelektrik empedans vücut analizörü kullanıldı. Vücut kitle endeksi (VKİ), Vücut yağ, protein ve mineral oranları alınmıştır. Denekler analizör üzerine tişört ve şort giyili şekilde çıplak ayakla çıkarıldı. Solunum fonksiyon testleri için FEV1, FEV1 / FVC (Tiffenau indeksi), FVC, SVC ve MVV kapasiteleri bir MGF Diagnostics CPFS / D USB Spirometre kullanıldı. FEV1 / FVC değeri
E-Öğrenme ve Epistemik Gerekçelendirme Arasındaki İlişki: Spor Bilimi Öğrencilerinin Algıları ve Tutumları
Authors: SAĞIN Ahmet Enes , MERGAN Barış , AKTAŞ ÜSTÜN Neslişah , BALCI Velittin
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışmada spor bilimi öğrencilerinin internete özgü epistemik gerekçelendirme düzeyleri ile sporda e-öğrenmeye yönelik tutumları arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemleri arasında yer alan ilişkisel tarama modeli benimsenerek dizayn edilmiştir. Araştırma grubunu 146’sı erkek (%58,4), 104’ü kadın (%41,6) olmak üzere toplam 250 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Öğrencilerin e-öğrenme düzeylerinin belirlenmesinde “Sporda e-öğrenmeye yönelik tutum ölçeği”, epistemik gerekçelendirme düzeylerinin belirlenmesinde ise “İnternete özgü epistemik gerekçelendirme ölçeği” (Beden eğitimi ve spor öğretimi uyarlaması) kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde t-testi, ANOVA ve Pearson korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma bulgularına göre, öğrencilerin sporda e-öğrenmeye yönelik tutum puan ortalamalarında kadınlar lehine anlamlı farklılık görülmüştür. Öğrencilerin sporda e-öğrenme ve internete özgü epistemik gerekçelendirme alt boyutlarında aldıkları puan ortalamaları günlük internette geçirilen süreye göre anlamlı olarak farklılık göstermemiştir. Sporda e-öğrenme ile internete özgü epistemik gerekçelendirme tüm alt boyutları arasında pozitif ilşkinin olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak; spor bilimi öğrencilerinin e-öğrenmeye yönelik olumlu tutumlarının, epistemik gerekçelendirme süreçleri ile yakından ilişkilidir. Spor bilimi öğrencilerinin e-öğrenmeye yönelik tutumlarının olumlu yönde etkilenmesi için, epistemik gerekçelendirme süreçlerinin geliştirilmesi ve bu süreçlerin e-öğrenme materyallerinin tasarımına dahil edilmesi gerekebilir. Ayrıca, spor bilimi eğitiminde e-öğrenmenin daha etkili bir şekilde kullanılabilmesi için, öğrencilere internet kaynaklarına nasıl güvenebilecekleri, bilgiyi nasıl değerlendirebilecekleri ve en iyi şekilde kullanabilecekleri konusunda rehberlik edilmesi önemli olabilir.
The Relationship of Diving Training with Executive Functions in the Acute Period in Female Free Divers
Authors: TUNA Gökhan
Published: October 2023

One of the most commonly studied topics is the effects of exercise on cognitive function. Responses to exercise in aquatic environments are of interest given the acute changes that environmental conditions can cause in human physiology. This study aims to investigate the changes in executive function and reaction times of female professional divers after breath holding exercises. The study involved 7 healthy female participants who were engaged in professional free diving. The training sessions included acclimatization to the '2N Back Test', anthropometric measurements, maximum breath holding test and cognitive test results in land and water settings. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS 22. Repeated measures ANOVA was used for pairwise comparisons. The significance level was set at p
Amatör Futbolcuların Öz Yeterlik İnançları ile Spor Yaralanması Kaygı Düzeylerinin İncelenmesi
Authors: MUTLU Muhammet Emrah , ÇAKMAK YILDIZHAN Yasemin
Published: October 2023

Bu araştırmada amatör futbolcuların öz yeterlik inançları ve spor yaralanması kaygı düzeyleri; bunların demografik değişkenlerine göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığı ve spor yaralanması kaygı düzeylerinin öz yeterlik inançlarını yordama durumunun incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada ilişkisel tarama yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Erzincan ilinde bulunan çeşitli takım ve kulüplerde lisanslı olarak spor yapan 268 erkek 74 kadın toplam 342 amatör futbolcu oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada “Kişisel Bilgi Formu”, ‘’Spor Yaralanması Kaygı Ölçeği (SYKÖ)’’ ve ‘’Sporcu Öz Yeterlik Ölçeği (SÖYÖ)’’ kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, korelasyon, Regresyon, Ki-kare Bağımsızlık Testi, Bağımsız Gruplar t-Testi, One Way Anova, Welch, Mohalonobis Cook, Post Hoc, Tamhane ile Tukey testleri yapılmıştır. Sonuçlar .05 düzeyinde değerlendirilmiştir. Amatör futbolcuların spor yaralanması kaygı düzeyi ve sporcu öz yeterlik inançları ile bazı demografik değişkenler (cinsiyet, ciddi sakatlık geçirme durumu, sakatlıkta geçirilen süre, sakatlığın yaşandığı anatomik bölge) arasında anlamlı ilişki olduğu görülmektedir. Ayrıca spor yaralanma kaygısı ile sporcu öz yeterlik düzeyi arasında anlamlı düzeyde negatif yönlü ilişki olduğu, spor yaralanma kaygısının sporcu öz-yeterliğinin anlamlı bir yordayıcısı olduğu ve toplam varyansın %14’ünü açıkladığı belirlenmiştir. Amatör futbolcuların yaralanma kaygı düzeyleri arttıkça sporcu öz-yeterlik düzeylerinin de azaldığı görülmektedir.
Lisanslı Masa Tenisi Sporcularının Empatik Eğilim Düzeyleri ve Olumsuz Değerlendirilme Korkularının Belirlenmesi ve Farklı Değişkenler Arasındaki İlişkinin İncelenmesi
Authors: KARABULUT Ebru Olcay
Published: October 2023

Bu çalışmadaki amaç, lisanslı masa tenisi sporcularının empatik eğilim düzeyleri ve olumsuz değerlendirilme korkularının belirlenmesi ve arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmada genel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya Ankara ilinde bulunan, kolay ulaşılabilir durum örneklemesi yöntemi ile seçilen 189 lisanslı sporcu gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Çetin ve ark.’nın (2010) uyarladığı “Olumsuz Değerlendirilme Korkusu Ölçeği (ODKÖ)” ve Dökmen (1988)’in geliştirdiği “Empatik Eğilim Ölçeği (EEÖ)” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, katılımcıların bilgiler için yüzde ve frekans değerleri alınmış, değişkenlere bağlı olarak bağımsız gruplar t- Testi ve Anova testi uygulanmıştır. Ölçeklerin arasında bulunan ilişkinin belirlenmesi için Korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. İstatistiksel anlamlılık durumu için .05 anlamlılık düzeyi seçilmiştir. Sporcuların olumsuz değerlendirilmekten korkma durumlarının cinsiyet, spor yaşı ve algılanan antrenör stiline göre farklılaştığı ancak millilik durumu ve yaş değişkenine göre farklılık göstermediği tespit edilmiştir. Empatik eğilimlerinin ise cinsiyet ve spor yaşı değişkenlerine göre farklılık gösterdiği görülmektedir. Bulgularda ayrıca ölçeklerin arasında orta düzeyli ve negatif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, sporcuların olumsuz değerlendirilme korkuları cinsiyet, spor yaşı ve algılanan antrenör stili değişkeninden etkilendikleri, Millilik durumu ve yaş değişkeninden ise etkilenmedikleri, empatik eğilimlerinin ise cinsiyet ve spor yaşı değişkenlerinden etkilendiği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, Olumsuz değerlendirilme korkusu artarken, empatik eğilim düzeyinin düştüğü sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
“At Work, in Hospital, or in Gaol”: Women in British Guiana’s Jails, 1838–1917
Authors: Adams Estherine
Published: October 2023

This article argues that labour, particularly female labour, was central to the expansion of colonial Guiana’s post-emancipation penal system between 1838 and 1917. It highlights the intersection of coerced labour and colonialism in the post-emancipation period, by centring the lives of incarcerated women to understand the nature of state governance in colonial spaces. It argues the plantocracy leveraged the expansion of prisons not to control crime but to control labour. As the newly constructed prisons filled, colonial and local authorities explained increased incarceration rates as a legitimate response to increased crime, supported by an evangelical rhetoric that promoted incarceration to encourage reform when it was accompanied by religious instruction and education. In practice, authorities used the prison system as a means of labour discipline, labour extraction and as a threat to secure future docility. Female indentured labourers convicted of petty crimes, including breach of contract, were often sentenced to work on plantations; creole women worked on sea defence construction and maintenance. A common refrain in the colony was that free labour could not be obtained. The malleability of prisoners as a labour force was thus attractive to the government, as prisoners could be moved, deployed and disciplined in ways that were not possible for free labour.
Gas flow experimental research in a newly developed centrifugal-electrostatic precipitator
Authors: CHLEBNIKOVAS Aleksandras , KILIKEVIČIUS Artūras
Published: October 2023

In this paper, one of the most common environmental pollution problems is investigated – air pollution
with particulate matter, and the object of study is a newly created device of a hybrid type of centrifugal and electrostatic
cleaning principle. These technologies are increasingly being introduced in a sequential order on past lines, but
the unified model has not yet been used. The set of cleaning methods in this model allows to clean the gas flow from
fine and ultra-fine particulate matter. By adopting an improved section to reduce flow turbulence, the gas flow rate
has been equalized to an average of 17% to 4.6% before the inlet. Also, the designed system achieved a theoretically
optimal gas flow rate of 2.2 m/s for subsequent particulate matter injection into the system of several cleaning stages.
The flow before and after the purification device in the range of 1.2–2.4 m/s was also studied. The results of this work
were obtained in an experimental way to analyze the dynamics of the flow in the system of the apparatus for cleaning
the flow in the range from 50 to 200 m3/h, under various operating modes of this technology. The direct current in the
electrostatic filter reached no more than 10 kV. The maximum gas yield is equal to 0.03 m3/s at inlet and outlet gas flow
rate of 2.4 m/s and 0.77 m/s respectively, and pressure drop is up to 51 Pa.
Analysis of physical and mechanical soil properties determined using probing data interpretations
Authors: VIRSIS Endijs , PAEGLITIS Ainars
Published: October 2023

Road design is a complex, time-consuming, and very responsible process. To develop a high-quality and
viable road project, it is very important to start with an accurate geological investigation. In situ tests can provide a
number of advantages over the traditional drilling, sampling and laboratory testing approach used in many geotechnical
projects. However, like all tests, in situ tests also have a number of limitations. Although all probing methods are
similar, each of them gives slightly different results. The aim of this work was to analyse and compare the interpretation
results of soil layer physical-mechanical properties obtained with different in-situ test methods and to find out how the
obtained results affect the development of constructive solutions from the safety point of view.
Environmentally optimized foundation of a railway bridge
Authors: KATZENBACH Rolf , SCHOLZ Markus , LEPPLA Steffen , NORKUS Arnoldas
Published: October 2023

The production of materials, e.g. reinforced concrete, and the construction of structures consume large
amounts of energy, which lead to a large emission of CO2. Regarding the resulting impact of construction processes
on the environment, the reduction of CO2 has an important role. The target is the reduction of the amount of the
construction material used and of the energy consumed for construction. For this, the structures have to be optimized
regarding the geometry considering the requirements on the stability, the serviceability, and the durability. Bridges are
significant rather expensive and complex infrastructural structural units of roads and railways. Foundations for bridges
in many cases designed in complicated soil profiles and should resist long-term permanent and variable loadings.
General aim in rational foundation design for bridge structures is in maximum evaluation of total bearing capacity of
foundation structure, distributing bridge loadings to soil mass in most rational way, id. est. both in shallow and deep
layers. The hybrid foundation system Combined Pile-Raft Foundation (CPRF) is a high-tech solution for the transfer
of big loads even in settlement active soil. The CPRF combines the bearing capacities of the raft and of the piles. For
the design of a CPRF three-dimensional, non-linear calculations using the Finite-Element-Method (FEM) are used. In
the first part of the contribution the load-bearing behaviour of a CPRF and the design principles are explained. In the
second part, the application in engineering practice is shown by a real case study of a railway bridge with a width of
about 110 m. To demonstrate the optimization process, alternative foundation systems were calculated. At the end of
the contribution, all foundations systems are compared and evaluated by the savings of CO2 emission.
Changes of quality in agricultural drainage water between nature’s seasons
Authors: STANKEVIČIENĖ Rasa
Published: October 2023

Agricultural drainage and related water management systems are implemented to improve farming. Get
higher yields of agricultural production. Remove excess water. When removing excess water in cultivated areas, it is
important to reduce the leaching of polluting substances flowing out with drainage water throughout the year and
in different seasons. Also ensure the safe and sustainable use of plant protection products and fertilizers. One of the
possible solutions is to transform the old free drainage systems into controlled drainage systems. In such systems, it
is possible to regulate the groundwater level in different seasons and according to the needs of the plants. In this way,
to reduce the leaching of materials with drainage water. This article presents an analysis of controlled and free drainage
water pollution in separate seasons. Researches were carried out in Pasvalys district, where both types of drainage
systems operate next to each other.
Bacteria from wastewater: potential producers of polyhydroxyalkanoates in Vilnius, Lithuania
Authors: TUMAŠEVIČIŪTĖ Rasa , IGNATAVIČIUS Gytautas
Published: October 2023

Polymers are currently used as a major raw material in industry, but they are quickly discharged into the
environment and cause significant pollution. To tackle this environmental pollution problem, particular attention is
being funded to biodegradable polymers, namely polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) produced by microorganisms. This
research detects PHA-producing bacteria from the Vilnius City municipal wastewater treatment plant. We confirmed 5
PHA-positive strains belonging to the following genera: Brachymonas, Aeromonas, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas. One of
the isolates, Aeromonas media, is a promising strain to produce PHAs with production values ranging up to 0.544 g/L.
Bacteria producing more than 0.300 g/L are considered useful for the industrial production of bioplastics. We recommend
large-scale studies on this strain to assess their use in the industrial production of biopolymers to develop highimpact
bioconversion processes of industrial relevance.
Evaluation of dynamic adsorption of dyes from aqueous solutions by applying mathematical modelling with the VS2TDI program and experimental studies
Authors: LIUGĖ Monika , PALIULIS Dainius
Published: October 2023

Dyes, heavy metals, sulphates, chlorides, petroleum products and other substances can be found in industrial
wastewater. Synthetic dyes are divided into different groups according to their chemical composition. It is known
that synthetic dyes have toxic and mutagenic properties. Adsorption is considered a reliable method for the removal of
various pollutants. The adsorbent synthesized from paper waste, which has a lot of air gaps in its composition, is called
aerogel. The maximum sorption capacity reached the value of 0.25–0.28 and 0.12–0.16 mg/g. It is characterized by low
density and large surface area. Evaluation of dynamic adsorption of dyes from aqueous solutions was made by using
the VS2TDI mathematical modelling program.
Les États-Unis au secours de l’Ukraine et de l’Europe
Authors: Vaïsse Justin
Published: October 2023

Dans quelle mesure les États-Unis restent les gendarmes du monde, et dans quelle mesure ils abandonnent ce rôle ? Au déclenchement de la guerre en Ukraine l’Amérique se doit de réagir et de contrecarrer les plans de Poutine, car les fondements institutionnels et géopolitiques de l’ordre mondial sont remis en cause (une puissance du P5 viole la Charte de l’ONU et la Russie menace de devenir dominante en Eurasie). L’OTAN et la garantie américaine ont abouti à une incapacité européenne à faire face à ce défi sans l’aide de Washington. De fait, c’est bien le soutien américain qui a fait la différence sur le champ de bataille et qui a donc infléchi le cours de l’histoire européenne (entraînement des forces ukrainiennes depuis plusieurs années et fourniture rapide et massive de matériel militaire et de renseignement dès le début de la guerre). L’avance militaire américaine reste évidente mais la multipolarité complique les choses pour l’Amérique.
L’État par ­­l’intime. Techniques et ambiguïtés du gouvernement par l’intimité en Europe
Authors: Vollebergh Anick , de Koning Anouk , Marchesi Milena
Published: October 2023

En Europe, de nouveaux programmes de protection sociale illustrent un mouvement actuel : la tentative de gouverner par la communauté. Par la mise en perspective de trois enquêtes de terrain réalisées avec des professionnel·les et des bénévoles du soutien à la parentalité à Amsterdam, Milan et Paris, nous montrons comment cette forme de gouvernement est mise en œuvre et comment elle fait émerger de nouveaux enchevêtrements aux effets incontrôlables. Plus précisément, nous montrons comment les politiques sociales de proximité : (1) empêtrent les professionnel·les du welfare dans des réseaux locaux complexes, (2) brouillent la frontière entre les professionnel·les et les citoyen·nes ainsi qu’entre l’État et la société civile, (3) s’appuient sur des relations personnalisées et du travail affectif. La réorganisation de l’intervention sociale via des maillages territoriaux locaux produit un écheveau inextricable de réseaux et de partenariats. En outre, plutôt que de susciter des communautés résilientes qui prendraient soin d’elles-mêmes, les nouveaux programmes de protection sociale impliquent de plus en plus de citoyen·nes dans la mise en œuvre des modes de gouvernance qui les visent. Enfin, plutôt que d’être déchargé·es des responsabilités d’aide et de protection sociales étatiques, les professionnel·les à l’échelon local s’avèrent des agent·es particulièrement efficaces d’un retour de l’État social.
Faire avec la maison de quartier. Les tactiques de participation des femmes immigrées dans les quartiers populaires de Paris et Helsinki
Authors: Haapajärvi Linda
Published: October 2023

Pour lutter contre ­­l’exclusion sociale, les États européens se tournent aujourd’hui vers les méthodes de gouvernance relationnelle. Alors que les professionnel·les du travail social ont développé des techniques élaborées pour produire des citoyen·nes engagé·es et des communautés cohésives, la réception de ces interventions par les individu·es ciblé·es reste mal connue. Appuyé sur une enquête ethnographique menée en parallèle à Paris et à Helsinki, cet article forge une analyse relationnelle de la « seconde production » des politiques publiques, appréhendée à ­­l’échelle de la rencontre entre les professionnel·les du travail social et les femmes immigrées habitantes des quartiers populaires. Il développe la notion de « tactiques de participation » pour analyser les tentatives de ces dernières de ménager une marge de manœuvre au sein des programmes participatifs. ­­L’article met en lumière la pluralité des tactiques de participation inventées par les femmes immigrées et la multiplicité des situations de vie dans lesquelles ­­celles-­­ci ­­s’inscrivent. Il développe une approche relationnelle de ­­l’analyse des processus de réception en mettant en évidence la nature du lien qui connecte les bénéficiaires aux institutions locales comme ­­l’élément principal qui définit ­­l’issue de ces tactiques.
Les rôles multiples des circuits courts alimentaires de proximité dans le programme LEADER : le cas des GAL d’Occitanie
Authors: Bouroullec-Machado Melise , Wallet Frédéric
Published: October 2023

Cet article étudie le soutien aux circuits courts alimentaires de proximité (CCAP) dans la politique de développement rural. Nous interrogeons la portée des actions CCAP créées par et pour les territoires à travers les groupes d’actions locaux (GAL) du programme LEADER. L’analyse lexicométrique des actions d’appui aux CCAP révèle des similitudes et des différences dans la manière dont deux sous-régions françaises les soutiennent. Les GAL Midi-Pyrénées et Languedoc-Roussillon inscrivent l’appui aux CCAP dans les actions de reterritorialisation économique. Cependant, les actions d’ordre socio-économique prennent des focales différentes. Les GAL Languedoc-Roussillon sont davantage tournés vers la cohésion sociale et ceux de Midi-Pyrénées vers l’emploi. Languedoc-Roussillon a la particularité d’appuyer les CCAP dans le cadre des actions de promotion des patrimoines naturel, culturel et touristique, ainsi que de transition écologique et énergétique. Ces résultats nous mènent à questionner la manière dont la dimension interterritoriale pourrait être renforcée lors de la prochaine programmation LEADER.
Interdire les voitures pour promouvoir les vélos ? Une étude sur la ville de Tours
Authors: Pietri Antoine
Published: October 2023

Nous avons étudié, pour la ville de Tours, l’effet de la fermeture du Pont Wilson aux voitures entre le 13 août 2020 et le 24 mai 2021 sur la fréquentation cycliste du pont. Nous disposons de données quotidiennes de compteurs vélos entre le 2 juin 2016 et le 24 mai 2021, de variables de contrôles calendaires, climatiques et sanitaires. En recourant à la méthode des séries temporelles segmentées, nous trouvons que cette fermeture est associée à une hausse de 7,23 % (IC95 % : +0,1 % ; +14,7 %) du trafic cycliste. En raison de certaines limites inhérentes à nos données (e.g., changements de compteurs vélos, aménagements cyclistes transitoires dans la ville de Tours), il semble toutefois difficile d’imputer la totalité de l’effet obtenu à la fermeture du Pont Wilson.
Effets de contexte et réussite scolaire des jeunes en Nouvelle-Calédonie
Authors: Sari Florent , Chung Amélie
Published: October 2023

Nous étudions les déterminants de la réussite scolaire des jeunes en Nouvelle-Calédonie, petite économie insulaire du Pacifique Sud, fortement marquée par les inégalités. En effet, les institutions publiques, notamment éducatives, mettent en place des mesures importantes pour réduire les inégalités, dans un contexte de décolonisation et d'autonomie de ce territoire ultramarin français. Ainsi, nous cherchons à comprendre comment les effets de composition des contextes éducatifs peuvent ou non contribuer aux inégalités de performance académique. Nous mobilisons des données administratives exhaustives d’élèves de 3 e  pour étudier le rôle des caractéristiques individuelles et les effets des contextes scolaires sur la réussite au Diplôme National du Brevet. Nous cherchons à déterminer dans quelle mesure les environnements des classes et établissements peuvent affecter la réussite scolaire des élèves. Outre les caractéristiques individuelles sociodémographiques des élèves, les estimations de modèles multiniveaux montrent des effets-classes plus importants que ceux liés à l’établissement.
Écart d’adoption domestique du gaz de pétrole liquéfié suivant la taille urbaine au Cameroun
Authors: Totouom Armand
Published: October 2023

En Afrique, l’adoption des combustibles de cuisson propres est fortement prononcée dans les grandes villes en comparaison aux petites villes. Dans cette étude, nous analysons les écarts d'adoption domestique du gaz de pétrole liquéfié suivant la taille urbaine au Cameroun. Les résultats de l’estimation d’un modèle logit montrent que l’adoption du GPL croit avec l’éducation, la richesse, l’accès aux informations et la possession de foyers modernes. En revanche, elle décroît avec la taille du ménage et le fait d’être propriétaire du logement. L’approche de Fairlie (2006) utilisée pour évaluer les différences d’adoption du GPL entre les ménages des métropoles de Douala et Yaoundé et ceux des petites villes montre que ces différents facteurs expliquent 66 % des écarts d’adoption du GPL entre les deux groupes. Le renforcement de l’accès des ménages aux foyers modernes et une meilleure éducation/information quant au bien-fondé des combustibles propres sont recommandés.
Sliding mode control rotor flux MRAS based speed sensorless induction motor traction drive control for electric vehicles
Authors: Rind Saqib J , Javed Saba , Rehman Yawar , Jamil Mohsin
Published: October 2023

Climate change has highlighted a need to transition to more sustainable forms of transportation. Electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) offer a promising alternative to conventional gasoline powered vehicles. However, advancements in power electronics and advanced control systems have made the implementation of high performance traction drives for EVs and HEVs easy. In this paper, a novel sliding mode control model reference adaptive system (SMC-MRAS) speed estimator in traction drive control application is presented. However, due to the unpredictable operational uncertainties of the machine parameters and unmodelled non-linear dynamics, the proportional-integral (PI)-MRAS may not produce a satisfactory performance. The Proposed estimator eliminates the PI controller employed in the conventional MRAS. This method utilizes two loops and generates two different error signals from the rotor flux and motor torques. The stability and dynamics of the SMC law are obtained through the Lyapunov theory. The potential of the proposed SMC-MRAS methodology is simulated and experimentally validated for an electric vehicle application. Matlab-Simulink environment is developed and proposed scheme is employed on indirect vector control method. However, for the experimental validation, the dSPACE 4011 R & D controller board was utilized. Furthermore, the SMC-MRAS performance is differentiated with PI-MRAS for speed regulation performance, tracking and estimation error, as well as the fast minimization of the error signal. The results of the proposed scheme illustrate the enhanced speed estimation, load disturbance rejection ability and fast error dynamics.
Revolutionizing Engineering Education: Exploring Experimental Video-on-Demand for Learning
Authors: Afkar Mohammad , Karimi Parham , Gavagsaz-Ghoachani Roghayeh , Phattanasak Matheepot , Sethakul Panarit
Published: October 2023

Attention to the interaction between instructors and students in engineering education is ofremarkable importance. Incorporating practical work alongside theoretical teachings canenhance the effectiveness of learning. In this article, the use of short video-on-demand is introducedas a method of teaching students. An experimental video sample is used, and the interactionbetween the instructor and students in the classroom while using this video is discussed.As a case study, we investigate the concept of periodic waveforms in a stable system and multiperiodicwaveforms in an unstable system, resulting from a change in a control parameter.Although the work is demonstrated on a specific scientific topic, the suggested method can beapplied to other scientific subjects. In order to enhance the effectiveness of education, tasks outsidethe classroom are assigned in addition to in-class activities. The proposed method has beenimplemented during several academic semesters at the undergraduate and graduate levels, specificallyin the fields of mechanical engineering and renewable energy engineering. The resultsobtained from surveys and evaluations indicate a strong connection with students, understandingand retention of scientific topics. One of the significant advantages of the proposed methodis the visualization of educational content through short videos, which enhances the learningprocess. Among the findings of this study, improvements in skills such as accuracy and the applicationof engineering reasoning, in addition to scientific knowledge, can be highlighted.
Factors That Influence the Adoption of Digital Dental Technologies and Dental Informatics in Dental Practice
Authors: Alotaibi Khalid Fahad , Azleena Mohd Kassim
Published: October 2023

The factors affecting information systems and technology have become a growing topic in many disciplines. This study focuses on factors affecting the adoption of digital dental technologies and dental informatics in dental practice. There are limited studies in the literature on factors that affect the adoption of digital dental technologies (DDT) and dental informatics (DI). Understanding the factors is important for the success of the adoption of technologies. Therefore, this study aims to fill that gap. This paper reviews peer-reviewed literature to analyze factors that affect the adoption of digital dental technologies (DDT) and dental informatics (DI) and critically examines an array of technology acceptance models to unveil the underlying determinants of DDT and DI adoption. Usability and practical considerations, work efficiency factors, socioeconomic and organizational aspects, aspects of the learning curve, and system design are the most important factors influencing the adoption of digital dental technologies and dental informatics. The study results identified the conceptual framework for the factors affecting the adoption of digital dentistry.
Robotic Process Automation in the Medical Sector
Authors: Kousalya C. Gnana , Rohini G. , Bino J. , Tephillah S , Immanuel K. , Kumar A. Dinesh
Published: October 2023

Robotic process automation (RPA) is a new technology that aims to automate repetitive and regular human processes. Numerous chronic patients have perished as a consequence of inappropriate drug delivery. While the hospital meals and drugs may provide enough amounts of energy and nutrition, many patients fail to take their medications on time, which worsens their condition. In this work a detailed discussion about the adoption of RPA in the medicine sector is discussed. The comparison of RPA and traditional IT-based automation has been made, and the benefits of RPA have been mentioned. The challenges faced while involving automation in the medical sector have been elaborated, and proper solutions have been suggested. Finally, an automated pill delivery system for patients that will notify the patient when it is time to take their medicine and provide the necessary number of pills has been proposed.
Benefits of Robotic Process Automation (RPA)
Authors: Nayak Arpita , Satpathy Ipseeta , Patnaik B.C.M. , Gujrati Rashmi , Uygun Hayri
Published: October 2023

Robotic process automation (RPA) is a new wave of emerging technologies. It is a computer system that enables the construction, deployment, and administration of sentient robots. RPA or physical robotics has been used in the industrial world for decades to produce, test, and package things. This innovation enables you to streamline and automate end-to-end processes that comprise human-performed tasks. The proliferation of parts is a continuous issue that may cost manufacturers hundreds of billions of dollars each year. RPA in manufacturing allows for a greater emphasis on product innovation and core competencies rather than day-to-day repetitive processes. According to one research, RPA back-end operational technology helps businesses to save up to 40% on their different processes of work. This research seeks to present an overview of the benefits of implementing RPA in the system and its major beneficial effect on human resources, supply chain management, operations, and accounting, all of which contribute to the manufacturing industry's successful functioning.
Integration of Robotic Process Automation With Blockchain Technology
Authors: Budania Priyanka , Lodha Gaurav , Garvita Garvita
Published: October 2023

The impact of digital transformation is spreading across global marketplaces and sectors. Blockchain, robotic process automation (RPA), and artificial intelligence (AI) have a huge amount of potential to deal with every sector. Blockchain, RPA, and AI are seeing increasing adoption across multiple market segments. The integration of technologies offers the possibility to produce more intelligent, secure, efficient, and safe systems than those that already exist. Innovative technologies are improving responsiveness in terms of intellectual thinking and seeing within the limits of time act. This chapter gives a brief explanation of the integration of blockchain and RPA and how it is beneficial for digital finance and the business sector. Blockchain has the power to store massive data and it is interesting to see what are the methods and systems in which blockchain is used with artificial intelligence and robotic process automation. It can be said that shortly blockchain technology will be used in different domains of the technology sector with the help of AI and RPA.