bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Considering humans as habitat reveals evidence of successional disease ecology among human pathogens
Authors: Fefferman Nina H. , Price Charles A. , Stringham Oliver C.
Published: September 2022

The realization that ecological principles play an important role in infectious disease dynamics has led to a renaissance in epidemiological theory. Ideas from ecological succession theory have begun to inform an understanding of the relationship between the individual microbiome and health but have not yet been applied to investigate broader, population-level epidemiological dynamics. We consider human hosts as habitat and apply ideas from succession to immune memory and multi-pathogen dynamics in populations. We demonstrate that ecologically meaningful life history characteristics of pathogens and parasites, rather than epidemiological features alone, are likely to play a meaningful role in determining the age at which people have the greatest probability of being infected. Our results indicate the potential importance of microbiome succession in determining disease incidence and highlight the need to explore how pathogen life history traits and host ecology influence successional dynamics. We conclude by exploring some of the implications that inclusion of successional theory might have for understanding the ecology of diseases and their hosts.
Continued attendance in a PrEP program despite low adherence and non-protective drug levels among adolescent girls and young women in Kenya: Results from a prospective cohort study
Authors: Tapsoba Jean de Dieu , Cover Jane , Obong’o Christopher , Brady Martha , Cressey Tim R. , Mori Kira , Okomo Gordon , Kariithi Edward , Obanda Rael , Oluoch-Madiang Daniel , Chen Ying Qing , Drain Paul , Duerr Ann
Published: September 2022

Background

In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) ages 15 to 24 years represent <10% of the population yet account for 1 in 5 new HIV infections. Although oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) can be highly effective, low persistence in PrEP programs and poor adherence have limited its ability to reduce HIV incidence among women.

Methods and findings

A total of 336 AGYW participating in the PEPFAR-funded DREAMS PrEP program in western Kenya were enrolled into a study of PrEP use conducted between 6/2019 to 1/2020. AGYW, who used daily oral TDF/FTC, completed interviews and provided dried blood spots (DBS) for measurement of tenofovir-diphosphate (TFV-DP) concentrations at enrollment and 3 months later, and 176/302 (58.3%, 95% confidence interval [95% CI 52.3 to 63.8]) met our definition of PrEP persistence: having expressed intention to use PrEP and attended both the second interview and an interim refill visit. Among AGYW with DBS taken at the second interview, only 9/197 (4.6%, [95% CI 1.6 to 7.5]) had protective TFV-DP levels (≥700 fmol/punch) and 163/197 (82.7%, [95% CI 77.5 to 88]) had levels consistent with no recent PrEP use (<10 fmol/punch). Perception of being at moderate-to-high risk for HIV if not taking PrEP was associated with persistence (adjusted odds ratio, 10.17 [95% CI 5.14 to 20.13], p < 0.001) in a model accounting for county of residence and variables that had p-value <0.1 in unadjusted analysis (age, being in school, initiated PrEP 2 to 3 months before the first interview, still active in DREAMS, having children, having multiple sex partners, partner aware of PrEP use, partner very supportive of PrEP use, partner has other partners, AGYW believes that a partner puts her at risk, male condom use, injectable contraceptive use, and implant contraceptive use). Among AGYW who reported continuing PrEP, >90% indicated they were using PrEP to prevent HIV, although almost all had non-protective TFV-DP levels. Limitations included short study duration and inclusion of only DREAMS participants.

Conclusions

Many AGYW persisted in the PrEP program without taking PrEP frequently enough to receive benefit. Notably, AGYW who persisted had a higher self-perceived risk of HIV infection. These AGYW may be optimal candidates for long-acting PrEP.
Veterinary communication can influence farmer Change Talk and can be modified following brief Motivational Interviewing training
Authors: Bard Alison M. , Main David C. J. , Haase Anne M. , Whay Helen R. , Reyher Kristen K.
Published: September 2022

Current veterinary communication skills training often focuses on the strategies necessary to successfully transfer information and promote shared decision making rather than inspiring client motivation to engage in behaviour change(s). One evidence-based communication methodology with a specific focus on enhancing conversations about change is Motivational Interviewing (MI), which is perceived by veterinarians to be highly relevant to their profession. We examined whether veterinarians who experienced brief (4–5 hours) MI training (BMIT) were able to change their communication behaviours to be more MI consistent. Fourteen veterinarians recorded 31 veterinary herd health consultations before (n = 15) and after (n = 16) BMIT to allow pre-post intervention analysis of veterinarian and farmer verbal behaviour. Additionally, using a sequential linguistic analysis of 3885 veterinarian-farmer communication events within these consultations, the influence of veterinarians’ verbal behaviours on farmers’ response language was explored. Analysis of veterinary consultations undertaken before and after BMIT revealed that veterinarians changed their communication style to be more consistent with the MI methodology, including more use of reflection statements, a more empathic and partnership-oriented consultation style and greater emphasis on clients’ own language in favour of change goals. In response, farmers contributed more to the conversation and discussed more herd health-related changes. Sequential linguistic analysis suggested that following a veterinarian emphasising something positive about the farmer (e.g. efforts, strengths), seeking collaboration or emphasising farmer choice, farmers were subsequently more likely to express arguments in favour of change (‘Change Talk’), especially phrases indicative of commitment. This study offers the first evidence of the potential value of a BMIT experience to enhance veterinary communication skills, although conscious and disciplined use of MI principles, strategies and Spirit–an ethos of compassion, acceptance, partnership and evocation—requires longer and more complex training. Further studies examining the longevity and consistency of these verbal behaviour changes following BMIT are required.
Examining social class as it relates to heuristics women use to determine the trustworthiness of information regarding the link between alcohol and breast cancer risk
Authors: Meyer Samantha B. , Lunnay Belinda , Warin Megan , Foley Kristen , Olver Ian N. , Wilson Carlene , Macdonald S. Sara , Ward Paul R.
Published: September 2022

Background

High rates of alcohol consumption by midlife women, despite the documented risks associated with breast cancer, varies according to social class. However, we know little about how to develop equitable messaging regarding breast cancer prevention that takes into consideration class differences in the receipt and use of such information.

Objective

To explore the heuristics used by women with different (inequitable) life chances to determine the trustworthiness of information regarding alcohol as a modifiable risk factor for breast cancer risk.

Methods and materials

Interviews were conducted with 50 midlife (aged 45–64) women living in South Australia, diversified by self-reported alcohol consumption and social class. Women were asked to describe where they sought health information, how they accessed information specific to breast cancer risk as it relates to alcohol, and how they determined whether (or not) such information was trustworthy. De-identified transcripts were analysed following a three-step progressive method with the aim of identifying how women of varying life chances determine the trustworthiness of alcohol and breast cancer risk information. Three heuristics were used by women: (1) consideration of whose interests are being served; (2) engagement with ‘common sense’; and (3) evaluating the credibility of the message and messenger. Embedded within each heuristic are notable class-based distinctions.

Conclusions

More equitable provision of cancer prevention messaging might consider how social class shapes the reception and acceptance of risk information. Class should be considered in the development and tailoring of messages as the trustworthiness of organizations behind public health messaging cannot be assumed.
Combination of ligand and structure based virtual screening approaches for the discovery of potential PARP1 inhibitors
Authors: Al-Sanea Mohammad M. , Chilingaryan Garri , Abelyan Narek , Mamikonyan Michael , Gasparyan Hayk , Hovhannisyan Sargis , Hamdi Abdelrahman , Ali Ahmed R. , Selim Samy , Mohamed Ahmed A. B.
Published: September 2022

Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) has high therapeutic value as biomolecular target for research and development of small molecules with antineoplastic activity, since it is upregulated in many cancers, especially in ovarian and BRCA 1/2 mutated breast cancers. Decades of investigation of PARP inhibitors (PARPi) have led to the approval of several drug compounds, however clinical application of PARPi in cancer therapy is limited due to a number of factors, including low selectivity, weak affinity and undesired side effects. Thus, identification of novel drug-like chemical compounds with alternatives to the known PARPi chemical scaffolds, binding modes and interaction patterns with amino acid residues in the active site is of high therapeutic importance. In this study we applied a combination of ligand- and structure-based virtual screening approaches with the goal of identification of novel potential PARPi.
Noninvasive nasopharyngeal proteomics of COVID-19 patient identify abnormalities related to complement and coagulation cascade and mucosal immune system
Authors: Ayass Mohamad Ammar , Cao Wanying , Zhang Jin , Dai Jun , Zhu Kevin , Tripathi Trivendra , Griko Natalya , Pashkov Victor , Abi-Mosleh Lina
Published: September 2022

Serum or plasma have been the primary focus of proteomics studies for COVID-19 to identity biomarkers and potential drug targets. The nasal mucosal environment which consists of lipids, mucosal immune cells, and nasal proteome, has been largely neglected but later revealed to have critical role combating SARS-CoV-2 infection. We present a bottom-up proteomics investigation of the host response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in the nasopharyngeal environment, featuring a noninvasive approach using proteins in nasopharyngeal swabs collected from groups of 76 SARS-CoV-2 positive and 76 negative patients. Results showed that 31 significantly down-regulated and 6 up-regulated proteins were identified (p < 0.05, log2 FC > 1.3) in SARS-CoV-2 positive patient samples as compared to the negatives; these proteins carry potential value as markers for the early detection of COVID-19, disease monitoring, as well as be drug targets. The down-regulation of coagulation factor 5 indicates a thrombotic abnormality in COVID-19 patients and the decreased IgG4 suggests an abnormal immune response at the point of entry in human nasopharyngeal environment, which is in consistent with KEGG and GO pathway analysis. Our study also demonstrated that mass spectrometry proteomics analysis of nasopharyngeal swabs can be used as a powerful early approach to evaluate host response to SARS-CoV-2 viral infection.
Multimodal detection of hateful memes by applying a vision-language pre-training model
Authors: Chen Yuyang , Pan Feng
Published: September 2022

Detrimental to individuals and society, online hateful messages have recently become a major social issue. Among them, one new type of hateful message, “hateful meme”, has emerged and brought difficulties in traditional deep learning-based detection. Because hateful memes were formatted with both text captions and images to express users’ intents, they cannot be accurately identified by singularly analyzing embedded text captions or images. In order to effectively detect a hateful meme, the algorithm must possess strong vision and language fusion capability. In this study, we move closer to this goal by feeding a triplet by stacking the visual features, object tags, and text features of memes generated by the object detection model named Visual features in Vision-Language (VinVl) and the optical character recognition (OCR) technology into a Transformer-based Vision-Language Pre-Training Model (VL-PTM) OSCAR+ to perform the cross-modal learning of memes. After fine-tuning and connecting to a random forest (RF) classifier, our model (OSCAR+RF) achieved an average accuracy and AUROC of 0.684 and 0.768, respectively, on the hateful meme detection task in a public test set, which was higher than the other eleven (11) published baselines. In conclusion, this study has demonstrated that VL-PTMs with the addition of anchor points can improve the performance of deep learning-based detection of hateful memes by involving a more substantial alignment between the text caption and visual information.
Assessment of tap water quality in mobile homes in the Eastern Coachella Valley, California
Authors: Hile Thomas D. , Dunbar Stephen G. , Garcia Nataly E. , Sinclair Ryan G.
Published: September 2022

Very few studies have been undertaken on water quality from mobile homes, with most information coming from press and policy reports suggesting that people living in mobile homes in the US have poor water quality. Our goal was to evaluate resident exposure to microbes at the point of use of tap water sourced from the Oasis Mobile Homes Park (OMHP), using physico-chemical parameters, concentrations of target cultivatable microbes, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analyses. In this study, we sampled 15 mobile homes (MHs) and found arsenic concentrations to be 4–8 times above the acceptable EPA standard of 10 ppm. Our qPCR demonstrated high concentrations of gene targets for Salmonella spp., L. monocytogenes, P. aeruginosa, C. jejuni, E. faecalis, and E. coli in one or more of our sampled mobile homes. Except for MH4, which had the highest concentration of L. monocytogenes and E. faecalis, all MHs had different predominant microorganisms. Based on the physico-chemical parameters and our microbiological analysis, we conclude that drinking water from MH taps in the OMHP is unsafe for consumption.
Jogos eletrônicos e narrativa transmídia
Authors: Lemos Ariane Barbosa , Granato e Silva Rafael
Published: September 2022

Esta pesquisa contextualiza a história dos jogos eletrônicos, evidenciando-os como um tipo de mídia dotada dos aspectos de ficção e narrativa. A reflexão teórica parte de conceitos contemporâneos como os de cultura da convergência, narrativa transmídia e game music para descrever e analisar estratégias de comunicação digital aplicadas em divulgações do setor. Apresenta um estudo de caso, delimitando como objeto o jogo League of Legends e como unidade de análise do EP ALL OUT, lançado em dezembro de 2020 pelo grupo virtual K/DA, formado por personagens fictícios e computadorizados. Os dados do estudo consideram as respostas obtidas pelo questionário aplicado entre os membros do grupo League of Divas, no Facebook. A análise demonstra a ampliação do engajamento do público em função das estratégias de comunicação digital aplicadas no lançamento de ALL OUT.
Neoliberalismo e a Educação Especial - Governo FHC (1995-2003)
Authors: Silva Juliana Cristine Brandão da , Santos Adriana Cristina Omena dos
Published: September 2022

Este trabalho tem por pressuposto discutir algumas implicações do ideário neoliberal na Educação Especial no Brasil, durante o governo de Fernando Henrique Cardoso e utiliza pesquisa bibliográfica, de natureza qualitativa, para descrever o início do pensamento neoliberal até sua sistematização no Brasil. A problematização e análise dos dados permitiram considerar que o governo de FHC, mesmo tendo reestruturado o sistema educacional com amplas ações no campo legal, preservou a atuação dos governos anteriores na Educação Especial, investindo em instituições especializadas privadas, prejudicando assim, que ocorresse realmente a inclusão das crianças com deficiência nas escolas regulares.
Acid Hydrolysis of Pretreated Sugarcane Bagasse, Macroalgae Sargassum sp. and Its Mixture in Bioethanol Production
Authors: Wunna Kyaw , Auresenia Joseph , Abella Leonila , Gaspillo Pag-asa , Nakasaki Kiyohiko
Published: September 2022

Sustainable biofuel feedstock could become a critical issue in the light of the recent fuel crisis. The use of mixed biomass could reinforce to overcome this issue. The present work examined the parallel use of agricultural residue sugarcane bagasse (SCB) and natural invasive marine seaweed Sargassum sp. (SSP) as a single feedstock and its mixture in two-step concentrated acid hydrolysis followed by yeast fermentation in order to produce reducing sugar with minimal formation of furfural, and bioethanol. In this work, alkali pretreated SCB and SSP were used as feedstock in acid hydrolysis. To investigate the influenced parameters of acid hydrolysis, biomass type (SCB, mixed biomass MB (SCB and SSP in 1:1 ratio by weight) and SSP), initial acid concentration (64–80 wt%), reaction time (30–90 min) and solid loading (10–20%w/w) were optimized by using Taguchi method. The optimized conditions were obtained with mixed biomass type, the initial acid concentration of 64 wt%, reaction time of 60 min and solid loading of 10%w/v. Under these conditions, 0.51 g/g of reducing sugar was achieved without furfural formation although ethanol yield was relatively low compared to that of Taguchi experimental runs. The result indicated that biomass type highly influenced the acid hydrolysis on sugar yield and furfural formation. This study provides the potential route for converting pretreated cellulosic biomass to value-added products, such as sugar and ethanol via the biorefinery process.
The Effect of Managerial Commitment, Budget Quality, and Capital Budget on Participatory Budgeting
Authors: Ayu Fatimatus Zahro  , Dinik Fitri Rahajeng Pengestuti
Published: September 2022

Purpose: This study aims to examine the effect of managerial commitment, budget quality, and capital budget on participatory budgeting.
Methodology: This study uses a quantitative approach. The research method used the Quota Sampling method. Data collection techniques using questionnaires and interviews. The object of the study was aimed at the APBKal/APBDes management team at the Community and Village Empowerment Council Special Regional of Yogyakarta. The population of this study is 392 sub-district governments in the Special Region of Yogyakarta Province. Calculation of the percentage of sample size using the Slovin formula obtained 80 respondents from 392 villages which can represent the number of existing populations. The method of data analysis used in this study is the Structural Equation Model (SEM) based on Partial Least Square (PLS) using the Smart PLS 3.0. The data analysis technique uses two test methods: the measurement method (Outer Model) and the structural method (Inner Model).
Findings: This study found that managerial commitment has a positive effect on participatory budgeting. Budget quality and capital budget have a negative effect on participatory budgeting.
Novelty: The researcher wanted to show the differences between this study and previous studies. First, the researcher re-examined the dependent variable in the form of participatory budgeting, which was influenced by the capital budget, then added two independent variables: managerial commitment and budget quality. In future studies, it is possible to expand the number of sampling aims to provide more complex and testable validity results. It is also expected to develop study variables that can affect the samples used by researchers in the APBKal management process in each region.
 
Keywords: Managerial Commitment, Budget Quality, Capital Budget, Participatory Budgeting
The Effect of Profitability, Financial Leverage, and Accounting Expertise of The Board of Commissioners on Earnings Management
Authors: Dwi Marlina Wijayanti
Published: September 2022

Purpose: This study examines the impact of profitability, financial leverage, and accounting expertise of the board of commissioners on earnings management practices. Earnings management is a serious problem for some companies with unstable financial conditions. Therefore, it is important to know the factors that can encourage earnings management
Methodology: This research is quantitative research. The sample in this study were 92 manufacturing companies listed on the IDX in 2015 – 2019. Data analysis used panel data regression through E-views.
Findings: The results of this study indicate that profitability and financial leverage are determinants of earnings management. Other results show that the accounting expertise of the board of commissioners has no effect on earnings management practices.
Novelty: Most of the previous research focused on the aspect of the number of the board of commissioners in mitigating earnings management, this study tries to analyze a more specific factor, namely the accounting expertise of the board of commissioners because board members who understand accounting will more easily find errors in financial statement disclosures.
Keywords: Leverage, Earnings Management, Profitability, Financial leverage, Accounting Expertise
Isoliquiritigenin attenuates neuroinflammation in mice model of Parkinson’s disease by promoting Nrf2/NQO-1 pathway
Authors: Huang Lijuan , Han Yan , Zhou Qingmin , Sun Zhihao , Yan Jianhui
Published: September 2022

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease that severely affects the quality of life of patients. There is no specific drug for PD up to now. Previous studies have shown that neuroinflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of PD. Isoliquiritigenin (ILG) is thought to have a variety of biological activities including anti-inflammatory. However, to date, no studies have reported the role of ILG on neuroinflammation in PD in vivo. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ILG on PD in vivo and its mechanism, and to provide an experimental basis for clinical treatment of PD. Our results showed that ILG at a concentration of 20 mg/kg was effective in reducing the number of rotations in PD mice. In addition, ILG increased the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase and decreased the expression of α-synuclein. The results also showed that ILG reduced the expression of Iba1, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Not only that, ILG also upregulated the expression of Nrf2 and NQO-1 in vivo. Our results suggest that ILG significantly attenuates neurological deficits in PD, and the mechanism may be through the activation of the Nrf2/NQO-1 signaling pathway to reduce neuroinflammation. Moreover, our findings provide a new therapeutic strategy for PD.
Recent medical graduates’ attitudes towards nutrition education and its role in medical practice
Authors: Melanson Lydia , Ramsay Diane , Theou Olga , Fenwick Peri , Colborne Alyson , Cahill Leah
Published: September 2022

The objective of this study was to investigate recent Dalhousie Medical School graduates’ perceptions of nutrition in three domains: attitudes towards its use in medical practice generally, learned body of knowledge in medical school and residency, and satisfaction with how undergraduate and postgraduate medical education aligned their attitudes and knowledge of nutrition in medicine. Graduates of Dalhousie University’s undergraduate medical program from 2013 to 2018 were contacted to complete an internet-based questionnaire of 13 five-point Likert scale questions about attitudes, knowledge, and satisfaction with nutrition education in their undergraduate medical studies and medical practice. Responses ranged from one, “strongly disagree” to five, “strongly agree”. Most respondents (90.2%) agreed that ‘nutrition counseling can make a positive difference to patient outcomes’ and 80.5% agreed that ‘physicians can influence patient behavior related to nutrition’. However, fewer (61.0%) agreed that ‘physicians play a key role in improving patients’ nutritional habits.’ Even fewer participants agreed that nutritional assessment (34.1%) and nutritional counselling (41.5%) should be a routine part of care, regardless of specialty. The mean (standard deviation) overall score of participants with regards to their attitudes about nutrition assessment, counselling, and role in patient health, was 3.60 (0.633). Scores ranged from 1 to 5 with higher score indicating morepositive attitude. Mean overall knowledge and satisfaction scores were 3.76 (0.702) and 2.70 (0.898), respectively. There is a lack of consensus regarding the role of physicians in delivering nutrition care to patients, despite its perceived importance to patient health, requiring further exploration.
Geostrateško i geopolitičko značenje Golanske visoravni za državu Izrael
Authors: Vukosav Branimir , Radoš Denis
Published: September 2022

S obzirom na razmjerno nepovoljan geostrateški položaj u odnosu na okolne i često neprijateljske zemlje, izraelska vanjska politika uglavnom je uvjetovana dinamičnim zbivanjima u regiji. Dinamika se ogleda u nekoliko vojnih invazija na Izrael, pobunama palestinskog stanovništva, mnogobrojnim terorističkim napadima i čestim uzvraćanjima izraelskih snaga radi dostizanja zadovoljavajućega sigurnosnog stanja. U tom kontekstu, službeni Tel Aviv često je prisiljen pronaći ravnotežu između praktičnih vojno-obrambenih i sigurnosnih potreba te reputacije Izraela u međunarodnoj zajednici, uz prilagodbu realnostima svojega neposrednoga geopolitičkog okruženja. Izrael je tijekom „Šestodnevnog rata“ u lipnju 1967. okupirao veći dio Golanske visoravni. Taj je događaj u idućim desetljećima generirao s jedne strane pojačanu sigurnost sjevernih granica države s obzirom na iznimnu geostratešku vrijednost regije, a s druge negodovanje dijela međunarodne zajednice, osobito nakon 1981. kad je donesen zakon o proširenju jurisdikcije Države Izrael na taj okupirani prostor. Kontrola nad ovom regijom znatno je utjecala na geostrateški položaj Izraela, ali i stvorila geopolitički kompleksnu situaciju, osobito u kontekstu odnosa sa susjednom Sirijom. U radu se, uz geografski prikaz Golanske visoravni i historijsko-geografske aspekte, analiziraju geostrateške odrednice izraelske okupacije visoravni, kao i geopolitičke perspektive toga područja.
Konkurentnost gradova u Hrvatskoj
Authors: Braičić Zdenko , Jukopila Danijel , Šlezak Hrvoje
Published: September 2022

Cilj rada je istražiti razvojnu dinamiku dvadeset većih hrvatskih gradova, makroregionalnih i regionalnih centara, kako bi se ukazalo na promjene njihovih konkurentskih sposobnosti. Analize su provedene za tri relevantna razdoblja: razdoblje rasta prije globalne recesije (2001. – 2008.), razdoblje globalne recesije (2009. – 2014.) i razdoblje oporavka hrvatskoga gospodarstva (2015. – 2019.). Zaposlenost je jedan od najznačajnijih pokazatelja gospodarskog rasta pa su u analizama upotrijebljeni podaci o dinamici zaposlenosti. U radu se upućuje na razlike u rastu zaposlenosti pojedinih hrvatskih gradova u odnosu na nacionalni prosjek te se nastoji utvrditi je li taj rast rezultat djelovanja strukturnih (egzogenih) čimbenika ili lokalnih (endogenih) čimbenika. Shift-share analizom dobiveni su izračuni regionalnog, strukturnog i lokalnog čimbenika. Utvrđeno je da su u godinama prije recesije veći gradovi u prosjeku imali znatno snažniji rast zaposlenosti od hrvatskog prosjeka. Lokalni čimbenik u predrecesijskom razdoblju imao je izrazito važnu ulogu u formiranju rasta zaposlenosti, u većini gradova značajniju od strukturnog čimbenika. Već su gradovi u recesiji zabilježili pad zaposlenosti približno jednakog intenziteta kao na državnoj razini, dok se u postrecesijskom razdoblju opaža njihov nešto sporiji oporavak od hrvatskog prosjeka. U recesijskom se razdoblju dogodio snažan pad lokalne konkurentnosti gradova čiji je značajniji oporavak u postrecesijskom razdoblju zasad izostao. Sve je manje gradova koji su po dinamici zaposlenosti iznad nacionalnog prosjeka. Iznadprosječan razvoj ostvarili su tijekom svih triju relevantnih razdoblja jedino Split, Zadar, Dubrovnik i Varaždin. U svim trima razdobljima lokalne konkurentske prednosti posjedovali su Split, Zadar, Slavonski Brod i Varaždin.
Die politischen Seiten des Risikomanagements
Authors: Jr. Vitor Hugo Klein , Gerhardt Nadine , Huber Christian
Published: September 2022

Dieser Beitrag illustriert zwei verschiedene Spielarten von Politik, die die rationalitätssichernde Funktion von Controllern maßgeblich beeinflussen können. Am Beispiel eines brasilianischen Ethanol-Produzenten wird gezeigt, wie das makro-politische Umfeld der Branche und die mikro-politischen Interessen der Unternehmensführung auf strategisches und operatives Risikomanagement Einfluss nehmen.
Wenn das Controlling Gewinner kreiert
Authors: Reuter Christoph , Hartmann Berit , Strauß Erik
Published: September 2022

Basierend auf einer Einzelfallstudie zeigt der Beitrag die unternehmenspolitische Seite des Controllings auf, indem er beleuchtet, wie Kennzahlen der Kundenbewertung so kalkuliert werden, dass sie als Kundenakquiseinstrument genutzt werden können. Dabei wird besonders deutlich, inwieweit das Management Controlling-(Kenn-)Zahlen unternehmenspolitisch nutzen kann, um Kundenverhalten aktiv zu beeinflussen.
Glaubwürdigkeit signalisieren
Authors: Goretzki Lukas , Wiegmann Leona
Published: September 2022

Forecasting spielt eine zunehmend wichtige Rolle für Unternehmen. Die Qualität von Forecasts ist dabei aber häufig von Unsicherheit sowie unterschiedlichen Interessen geprägt. In diesem Beitrag diskutieren wir, wie in dezentralisierten Unternehmen Business Unit Controller in Interaktionen mit dem Corporate Controlling dazu beitragen können, dass lokale Forecasts als glaubwürdig akzeptiert werden.
Programa CI-UNA- English ACCESS Microscholarship: Promoviendo el desarrollo académico y profesional de estudiantes de educación secundaria de Pérez Zeledón
Authors: Jiménez-Olivares Yalile , Mora-Abarca Sofía , Olivares-Garita Cinthya , Palacios-Palacios Sandra
Published: September 2022

CI-UNA-English Access Microscholarship Program is being developed in San Isidro, Pérez Zeledón for the first time through an alliance among Centro de Idiomas, Universidad Nacional, Sede Regional Brunca (CI-UNA), the US Embassy and the Ministry of Public Education. The mission of this alliance is to favor the academic and professional development by granting economic scholarships to specific students for a two-period years. The parameters for this selection are founded on two criteria: high academic achievement and an economically disadvantaged status. Based on the implementation of this program for eight months in this region, this study is an attempt to describe CI-UNA- English Access Microschorlaship Program, its theoretical foundation, administrative and academic organization, methodological structure, materials, evaluation as well as the entrance and exit students’ profile.
El Certificado de Sostenibilidad Turística una oportunidad para la Norma Carbono Neutralidad INTE -12-01-06:2011
Authors: Arley-Alvarado Alonso Gerardo , Vasconcelos-Vásquez Kattia Lizett
Published: September 2022

Tourism is a major source of foreign exchange in the world by reporting “spending by international visitors on accommodation, dining, entertainment, shopping and other goods and services accounted for destinations worldwide revenues estimated at 1,159,000 million United States dollars (873,000 million euros) in 2013 growth exceeded the long-term trend, reaching 5% in real terms (taking into account fluctuations in the exchange rate and inflation). The rate of revenue growth was equivalent to the increase in international tourist arrivals, which also increased by 5% to 1,087 million in 2013, compared to 1,035 million in 2012 “according to the press release of 14 May 2014 (World Tourism Organization: 2014, p.1), and represents 29% of exports (WTO: 2014, p.1). In Costa Rica received in 2013 the amount of $ 2. 253.3 halved tourism as tourism directory (ICT., 2013 p. 47), surpassing the export of coffee, bananas and pineapple. In Costa Rica 28% of the territory is part of the National System of Protected Areas, taking 2nd place in the world still Switzerland 1st (Programa de Estado de la Región:2013). He is considered one of the top three destinations for ecotourism (NATGEO: 2013).
Red de liderazgo pedagógico como una herramienta dialógica entre la Universidad Nacional, Sede Regional Brunca y comunidad local
Authors: Barrantes-Elizondo Lena , Olivares-Garita Cinthya
Published: September 2022

Nowadays, pedagogical leadership determines the institutional success that must go beyond the operative stadium through the establishment of dialogue with other organizations associated to the academic stadium. This research study is qualitative in nature and follows a descriptive scope. In order to establish current dialogue mechanisms between Universidad Nacional and the Ministry of Public Education, a diagnosis with authorities from both organizations was carried out to determine viability and willingness. It was possible to determine a lack of dialogical practices and the need to establish dialogical networks. Based on this analysis, the Pedagogical Leadership Network is proposed as an interaction opportunity through practices addressed to in-service teachers so that their leadership skills are reinforced in order to be implemented in educational contexts.
Universitarios con conciencia social y humanista: El caso Team-UNA
Authors: Barrantes-Elizondo Lena
Published: September 2022

The main objective of Team-UNA outreach project aims at promoting the participation of students in the English Teaching Major as tutors for high schoolers in public institutions in their community. Through this project, the Brunca extension intends to accomplish a social and humanistic university education to future professionals that may satisfy some of the region’s development needs. This experience provides university students with concrete learning tools since they are placed under real educational scenarios. These real-life teaching opportunities are identified as alternative education. Additionally, since students do not get any financial remuneration for teaching these tutorials, it builds a humanistic perspective in students due to the fact that the main goal is to share with their immediate community their academic knowledge and capacity to serve with no other interest more than common good.
Effects of formaldehyde modification of eucalyptus bark on Cr(VI) adsorption
Authors: Yao Shuangquan , Gao Cong , Nie Shuangxi , Niu Fenjie , Wang Shuangfei , Qin Chengrong
Published: September 2022

The adsorption effects, thermodynamics, and kinetics of formaldehyde-modified eucalyptus bark on Cr(VI) was investigated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to verify the adsorption capacity difference between unmodified and modified eucalyptus bark. The results demonstrated that the surface area and active group content was increased by modification, which was conducive to the adsorption of Cr(VI). The effects of pH, time, temperature, initial Cr(VI) concentration, and adsorbent dosage and on adsorption were investigated. The optimal adsorption capacity was 16.50 mg.g-1 under the conditions of 50 mg.L-1 initial Cr(VI) concentration, pH 2.0, 3 g.L-1 adsorbent dosage, 50 °C, and 120 min. The fitting of kinetics indicated that the adsorption was governed by multiple factors. The thermodynamic parameters △H0 > 0 showed that the adsorption process was an endothermic reaction. The value △S0 > 0 indicated that liquid-solid interface disorder increased during the adsorption process and showed a good adsorption performance.
Characterization of paper surfaces by friction profilometry
Authors: Moon Byoung Geun , Park Na Young , Ko Young Chan , Kim Hyoung Jin
Published: September 2022

Friction profilometry is a powerful technique that is suitable for the surface characterization of paper products. In this technique, a stylus-type contact method that resembles papermaking processes is used for evaluating the quality attributes of products. The surface characterization requires both surface roughness and friction measurements. At present, however, few reports have been available regarding characterization of the friction by the surface profilometric method. The objective of this study was to provide guiding principles of a stylus-type contact surface profilometry for determining the friction properties of paper. Another objective was to introduce the concept of the mean absolute deviation (MAD) from the average coefficient of friction as a new friction parameter.
Émile Mersch and theology of the russian diaspora
Authors: Khondzinskii Pavel
Published: September 2022

In 1933 the Catholic scholar Emile Mersch published his work “The Mystical Body of Christ” (Le Corps mystique du Christ), in which the concept of the “mystical body” was traced from early Christian times to the beginning of the 20th century. Having paid tribute to Eastern fathers, Mersch believed that this concept reaches its final synthesis in the works of the “French school” authors in the 17th century, where the concept of personal mystical unity with Christ, dating back to the Rhine mystics, is combined with the idea of St. Cyril of Alexandria and St. Hilary of Pictavia of the “natural” unity of the Church in the Eucharist. Mersch considered this synthesis to be a complete expression of St. Augustine’s teachings of the Church as the “total Christ” (the whole Christ) - totus Christus. Some authors of the diaspora paid their attention to the Mersch’s monography. M. Lot-Borodina wrote a review to this work. Fr. Sergey Bulgakov used this work as a source of the references to blessed Augustine. But it was Fr. Georges Florovsky who treated this work most thoughtfully. In the description of his response to the Mersch’s work, we need to remember that initially Fr. Georges based on the position, which was formed in Russian theology by representatives of “new theology” at the beginning of the 20th century, first of all – the position of metropolitan Antony (Khrapovitsky). This position was characterized by the constitution of the unity of the Church on the moral rather than Eucharistic level. The moral level was regarded, because of the personalistic concept of the mutual transparency of persons, as a natural unity. The article traces the gradual evolution of Fr. Georges’s views from the above concept, through an attempt to combine the teaching of totus Christus with the teaching of metropolitan Anthony, to the unambiguously expressed Christological emphasis in ecclesiology. As a result, Florovsky's late ecclesiology reveals a certain closeness to the ecclesiology of the French school, and hence to Mersch’s general conceptual conclusions.
Humility and mutuality: an analysis of ethos of contemporary Russian orthodoxy
Authors: Zabaev Ivan
Published: September 2022

The article considers humility as one of the key categories in the practical ethos of Russian Orthodoxy. Sociological and theological problems related to this category are discussed and formulated. The main emphasis is on the analysis of the relationship in the pair "the one who humbles - the one who gives humility". The formulation of the problem of humility in this form is not obligatory, but it is precisely this problem that has received a certain spread in Orthodox discourse today. The reduction of the fullness of the problem to such a configuration of relations leaves many important subjects out of consideration, but at the same time allows us to concentrate on one problematic point noted in modern Orthodox discourse.To discuss the logic of the ethics of humility was chosen the following text - "Asceticism according to Orthodox Christian teaching" by S. Zarin. On its basis, the dominant interpretation is described – "humility as acceptance of humiliation." Relying on texts discussing humility both inside and outside the Church, the author shows that one of the central virtues of Russian Orthodoxy is embodied in such a practice, which has a number of "ambiguous" consequences.At the same time, the author points out the deep rootedness of the category of humility in Orthodox ethics and suggests turning to the texts of the New Testament in search of a nuance in the understanding of humility and suggestions for the embodiment of this virtue in practice, capable of minimizing these ambiguous consequences. This nuance – mutuality – the author finds in the Epistles of the st. Paul. By analyzing the meaning of humility and the use of this concept in the text of the epistles of the apostle, the importance of recmutuality of actors entering into interaction is shown.In conclusion, the presence of such an interpretation in the Russian Orthodox tradition, namely in the texts of Theophanes the Recluse, is discussed. Thus, the assumption is substantiated that such an interpretation is not alien to the Orthodox worldview. The author suggests that the emphasis on mutuality in understanding and practicing humility could help to remove a number of negative effects that are fixed today (and were fixed earlier) both inside and outside the Church.
Analysis of Language Errors Syntactic Review for the Tarkîb Washfî Category in the Student Thesis
Authors: Musthofa Tulus , Nisa Nafisatun , Hassan Abd Rauf
Published: September 2022

This study aims to discover the mistakes in understanding and using Arabic grammatical rules, especially in the syntactic review of the as-shîfah wa al-maushûf category in the Arabic education student thesis (PBA). The research object is only limited to the discussion chapter, which results from the author's ideas and expressions as outlined in Arabic writing. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research with content analysis, which aims to examine, describe and evaluate the language errors of S1 PBA students at Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University for 2020-2021. The results show that the most errors at the as-shîfah wa al-maushûf occur in the mudzakkar wa mu'annats rule than the rule nakirah wa ma'rifah. Factors that cause errors occur due to a lack of mastery of language and writing rules and the absence of intensive writing practice. The solution offered is to train to write intensively and explore the knowledge needed to support the writing skills (mahârah al-kitâbah).
insuficiência da tolerância
Authors: Spica Marciano Adilio
Published: September 2022

A pergunta central do presente trabalho é: a tolerância é um valor suficiente nas relações inter-religiosas em uma sociedade onde há diversidade religiosa? Para responder isso, começo mostrando alguns usos cotidianos de tal conceito, a fim de elucidar alguns erros comuns a tais usos. Após isso, apresento algumas defesas filosóficas desse conceito e defendo uma ideia de tolerância que entendo ser mais razoável. Em seguida, mostro como tal conceito é necessário e importante para as relações inter-religiosas, apesar de ser insuficiente para tais relações, podendo, na verdade, limitar relações mais profícuas entre religiões, principalmente, em relação a debates de interesse público. Ao final, apresento, brevemente, uma proposta de relação inter-religiosa que vai além da tolerância e promove, a meu ver, uma interação mais profícua entre diferentes religiões.
Constitucionalismo pluralista, bem viver e vida boa
Authors: Barros Juliano Napoleão
Published: September 2022

O presente artigo investiga a unidade de valor entre ética e moral, proposta por Ronald Dworkin, assumindo, como ponto de partida, o constitucionalismo pluralista latino-americano. Para tanto, o bem viver, afirmado pelas Constituições boliviana e equatoriana mediante o resgate da sabedoria indígena ancestral – pelo reconhecimento respectivamente do suma qamaña e do sumak kawsay como fundamentos da ordem constitucional – é problematizado a partir da relação que possui com o desafio de consolidação de uma vida boa que expresse o comprometimento com os valores de liberdade, igualdade e comunidade. Referido objeto demandou abordagem interdisciplinar, com destaque para a interação entre o Direito Constitucional e a Filosofia. Os resultados da investigação apontam para a convergência entre a concepção de vida boa aludida por Dworkin e o bem viver que fundamenta as constituições pluralistas latino-americanas. A pesquisa se insere na vertente jurídico-sociológica para o desenvolvimento de investigação de tipo jurídico-investigativo e técnica bibliográfica. Para consideração das fontes, foi adotado o procedimento de análise de conteúdo, com a predominância de raciocínios dedutivos e dialéticos.
Histórias em quadrinhos como linguagem para representar a realidade camponesa via perspectiva histórico-cultural
Authors: Martins Rosane Gomes de Araújo , Araujo Gustavo Cunha de
Published: September 2022

Esta pesquisa se baseou na perspectiva teórica Histórico-Cultural, principalmente dos estudos de Vigotski (2001), ao investigar as funções psicológicas superiores. Com essa perspectiva, entendemos que os alunos constroem conhecimento a partir dessa interação e na apropriação de diferentes linguagens a sua volta. Como objetivo principal, buscamos identificar as contribuições das histórias em quadrinhos como recurso didático e pedagógico para o ensino remoto, com estudantes camponeses. Dentre alguns resultados encontrados, foi possível perceber as contribuições das HQs como recurso didático e pedagógico no âmbito das Artes Visuais para o ensino remoto, sendo um instrumento potente e relevante para se trabalhar o ensino-aprendizagem no âmbito da Educação do Campo. As histórias em quadrinhos possibilitaram os alunos a desenvolver o pensamento teórico a partir da elaboração de uma atividade de estudo representando as suas realidades como estudantes camponeses, tornando mais fácil para eles o entendimento da essência do campo.
Amphibian and reptile diversity along a ridge-to-reef elevational gradient on a small isolated oceanic island of the central Philippines
Authors: Meneses Camila G. , Siler Cameron D. , Alviola Phillip A. , Gonzalez Juan Carlos T. , Balatibat Juancho B. , Natividad Cheryl A. , Brown Rafe M.
Published: September 2022

Despite multiple recent field studies, herpetological species diversity of the Romblon Island Group in the central Philippines—particularly Sibuyan Island—has remained underestimated. Recently, we investigated the diversity of the herpetofauna of Mount Guiting-Guiting Natural Park, based on an elevational transect (10–1557 m a.s.l.). Our surveys resulted in a total of 47 species of amphibians and reptiles, including 14 new island records and one atypical occurrence of a snake species recorded for the first time from a high elevation (939 m a.s.l). These new records constitute a notable increase (21%) in Sibuyan’s herpetological species diversity as compared to surveys from a decade ago. We also provide updates of the taxonomy and identification of species endemic to this island (e.g., members of the genera Platymantis Günther, 1858, Brachymeles Duméril & Gibron, 1839, and Pseudogekko Taylor, 1922), and discuss the importance of continued surveys and field-derived data to inform conservation status assessments of Sibuyan’s unique assemblage of amphibians and reptiles.