bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
comparative study of the notion of legal and political pluralism in India and the Western world
Authors: Shandilya Shubham
Published: July 2022

Legal pluralism refers to the idea that there are multiple laws or legal systems in any geographical territory bounded by the traditional borders of a nation state. In the past few decades, it has gained a lot of traction as an analytical technique and a normative concept in Europe and even beyond. It has gained prominence not only in European Union law, but also in private international law, European human rights legislation, public international law and the analysis of legal systems. India is recognised as a pioneer in establishing a constitutional framework that recognises group-differentiated rights. The paper seeks to explore how well has this worked in the context of Indian democracy, given the reality of exclusions resulting from stratification, heterogeneity, and hierarchy, which often act concurrently and generate intersectionality. For decades following independence, our thinking was defined by a pluralist perspective of nationalism and Indianness that reflected the widest possible circle of inclusivity and a "salad bowl" approach. In recent years, a new perspective known as 'purifying exclusivism' has tended to infiltrate and dominate the political and cultural environment. Growing jingoistic tendencies threatens to eliminate any dissent, no matter how minor.
effect of body mass index and glycated hemoglobin levels on oxygen saturation in Type 2 diabetics
Authors: Ahad Farhana , Hameed Reqaya , Ahmed Tousief Irshad , Mir Shakeel Ahmed
Published: July 2022

A high Body mass index (BMI) has multi-organ effects and influences cardiovascular and respiratory function in several direct and indirect ways. The present study examined the effect of obesity and HbA1c levels on oxygen saturation (SpO2) in Type 2 diabetics. 102 subjects (82 F, 20 M), all with confirmed diabetes, were included in the study. Their body-mass indices (BMI’s) were calculated from obtained anthropometric data on height and weight. HbA1c (%) was estimated using a latex agglutination inhibition assay and SpO2 (%) levels measured using pulse oximeter provided by the EDAN elite V6 series patient monitor. Boxplots displaying the five number summary were used in descriptive statistics. Pearson correlation and student’s T-test were used for statistical analysis. BMI showed a highly significant negative correlation with SpO2 (r = -0.47; p < 0.00001). BMI was positively correlated with age (r=0.22; p =0.028). However, no correlations were found between HbA1c on the one hand, and age, BMI and SpO2 on the other. Conclusions: HbA1c levels appear to be unaffected by age, BMI, SPO2. Variations of values between males and females about HbA1c and SpO2 are also insignificant.
Methodological strategies to improve school performance in language and literature
Authors: Vera-Vélez Vianet Verónica , Alcívar-Cedeño Monserrate Dalila del Rocío
Published: July 2022

Reading comprehension is comprehensive and should be understood as a simple decoding, the objective of the research is to analyze the role played by teachers and parents of students in the use of methodological strategies related to the improvement of school performance of language and literature in high school students in the Trajano Centeno Rivadeneira educational unit of the Chone canton in the 2022 school year. Correlational descriptive research was applied, the deductive method, a quantitative analysis was carried out and two structured surveys were applied for parents of the children. Students and teachers; in addition to the bibliographic review for the analysis of the theoretical framework. It was obtained as a result that in the educational activities that are developed for the teaching of language and literature in the students, difficulties related to the techniques that guarantee the skills for student learning persist, as well as other problems associated with the lack of support from parents in motivating and stimulating the habit of reading in their children.
Ground water quality in Jodhpur Western Rajasthan
Authors: Ram Hukma , Sharma Ravi
Published: July 2022

Water is source of living world. Aridity in the State of Rajasthan including Jodhpur district has caused not only scarcity of water resources but also adversely affected quality of precious groundwater assets. In view of acute water crisis, water resources studies (especially hydro-geochemical investigations causing health hazards) were carried out in different block of Jodhpur district for identifying various water related issues and to explore management options thereof. A total of 30 wells were identified as monitoring stations and water samples were collected and analysed for pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness, total alkalinity, fluoride (F-), chlorides (Cl-), and nitrates (NO3-). In present study we found that groundwater of this district contains high concentrations of anions in surface and groundwater collected from these villages.
study of serum uric acid and atrial fibrillation in hypertensive patients
Authors: Sharma Chinky , Sharma Harekrishna , Sharma Vasundhara , Raman Ratish
Published: July 2022

Background: The aim is to study the correlation of serum uric acid and atrial fibrillation in hypertensive individuals and the effect of duration of hypertension on atrial fibrillation & serum uric acid (SUA). Materials and Methods: Patients (age between 35-65years) were selected from outpatient OPD & IPD. A control group of 100 non hypertensive individuals and another group of 100 hypertensive patients were enrolled. Serum uric acid, Echocardiography: A Trans Thoracic Echocardiography (TTE) measurement of Left atrium diameter (LVST), interventricular septal thickness (LVPWT), posterior wall thickness, left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LV) and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was recorded. Results: Hyperuricemia incidence in controls was 11% and hyperuricemia incidence in cases was 65 %. The incidence of hyperuricemia in cases with phase 1 of hypertension was 6.27±1.22 mg/dl and those with phase 2 of hypertension was 7.59±1mg/dl which was significant. Atrial fibrillation incidence was 4% in the hypertensive patients and the atrial fibrillation incidence in normotensive patients was 1%. Conclusion: Hypertension duration had a significant effect on the SUA levels and revealed that there was noteworthy increase in the SUA level in individuals with atrial fibrillation than those without atrial fibrillation.
effect of first session dialysis on acid
Authors: Mohammed Raed Salih , Saadi Sattar Jabar , Rasheed Jawad Ibrahim
Published: July 2022

Background: MA results from the inability of the kidneys to eliminate acid load, leading to HCO3- depletion and accumulation of H+, the more deterioration of renal function the more severity of acidosis, In AKI, acidosis is a traditional and typical complication, and refractory acidosis is an indication for renal replacement therapy. Aim: to study the effect of first dialysis session on acidosis correction. Methods: an interventional study included 33 patients with renal failure presented for 1st time dialysis, we calculated the change in their pH, HCO3-, BD, AG and Cl- to Na+ ratio caused by dialysis, and studied whether or not this change is related to URR. Results: dialysis had significant effect on pH, HCO3- and BD, and there was positive correlation between URR and HCO3- difference and negative correlation between both BD difference with HCO3- difference, and BD difference with HCO3- difference. Conclusion: 1st dialysis session has significant effect on acidosis correction without affecting electroneutrality of the blood.
Innovation teaching technology in ESP groups by activities
Authors: Mahamatismoyilovna Sobirova Robiyaxon
Published: July 2022

English for Special Purposes (ESP) refers to the teaching and learning of English as second/foreign language, which, unlike other pedagogical approaches, is at the heart of the course content and objectives according to the specific needs of the target students. Thus, often argued that ESP is a general term that covers a range of diverse learning contexts. They are broadly defined as English for Academic Purposes (EAP), English for Professional Purposes and English for Professional Purposes.
Competencias TIC y uso de herramientas digitales para la investigación en docentes universitarios
Authors: Sánchez Lourdez
Published: July 2022

La universidad pública se encuentra inmersa en un proceso de constantes cambios dada la situación epidemiológica presentada por la pandemia Covid19. Los docentes del nivel superior han sido partícipes de cambios necesarios para la continuidad de las clases, a través de la modalidad virtual con la utilización de las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación como herramientas digitales para la investigación.

El propósito del trabajo fue conocer las competencias en tecnologías de la información y la comunicación que poseen los docentes; y el uso de herramientas digitales para los procesos académicos, investigación y gestión en la Universidad Nacional de Pilar en Paraguay. El enfoque elegido para el trabajo fue el cualitativo, a través del estudio de casos múltiples. La selección de la muestra se realizó con base a una cantidad homogénea intencionada, y estuvo constituida por cinco docentes de la carrera de Análisis de Sistemas de las áreas técnicas.

Los docentes poseen competencias en las tecnologías de la información y la comunicación, además de que utilizan herramientas digitales tanto para sus actividades académicas, de investigación como para la gestión de la información. Realizan intercambios de experiencias, conocimientos y prácticas con pares y colegas, afianzando el aprendizaje en red.
Patrimonio Cultural en la formación docente en servicio
Authors: Colman Ramírez Francisco Javier
Published: July 2022

Esta investigación analiza el patrimonio cultural y su implementación como herramienta didáctica en la formación docente en servicio. Se aborda el patrimonio cultural en el desarrollo de contenidos por docentes en servicio de manera pedagógica. Por otro lado, se plantea a través de la ejecución de cursos de formación que han partido de la metodología de proyectos, enfocándose en aspectos específicos de la cultura del Paraguay. Las acciones llevadas a cabo en los módulos teóricos y prácticos corresponden a profesionales de la educación en servicio de los diferentes niveles del sistema educativo paraguayo. Dicho esto, la problemática de dicha investigación radica en la nula formación del patrimonio cultural a docentes en servicio, tanto de manera troncal como optativa en el contexto paraguayo. Se presentan dos estudios: el primero compara los proyectos patrimoniales culturales seleccionando países de Europa y Latinoamérica, así también ausencias del patrimonio cultural y modelos de educación patrimonial. El segundo describe herramientas didácticas para su aplicación en el aula en las diferentes asignaturas de los programas de estudios.La metodología se lleva a cabo mediante tradición cualitativa e interpretativa. Los resultados indican diferencias significativas entre países de Europa y Latinoamérica: por un lado, la innovación en el uso del patrimonio cultural en el ámbito europeo con propuestas de formación docente en servicio; por otro lado, formación permanente en instituciones como museos. Estas propuestas se adaptan a las necesidades de los maestros en servicio. Sin embargo, en el contexto Latinoamericano las propuestas aún están en proceso de construcción para su implementación dentro de las salas de clases.
Prevención educativa de la violencia familiar
Authors: Martínez-Otero Pérez Valentín
Published: July 2022

En este artículo se trata el grave problema de la violencia en la familia y se destaca el papel principal de la educación en su prevención, así como en el abordaje de sus consecuencias. Metodológicamente, este trabajo se fundamenta en el método de revisión documental, con el fin de obtener conocimiento consistente sobre el fenómeno estudiado; sintetizarlo, interpretarlo y ofrecer posteriormente pautas de actuación.

Puede decirse que una revisión bien realizada como método de investigación crea una base sólida para avanzar en el conocimiento, y facilita el desarrollo teórico de alcance práctico (Webster y Watson, 2002). Por esta razón, se revisaron diversas orientaciones recogidas por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) en su Informe titulado Prevención de la violencia: la evidencia (2013). Son siete estrategias dirigidas a prevenir la violencia interpersonal que, con compromiso pedagógico, se adaptan y toman como referencias para la prevención de la violencia en la familia. El estudio de este documento se complementa con la revisión de otras fuentes e investigaciones.
Considerações sobre o gênero da primeira parte do «Compêndio Narrativo do Peregrino da América» (1728)
Authors: Lachat Marcelo
Published: July 2022

This paper discusses the genre of the first part of the Narrative Compendium of the Pilgrim of America (1728), by Nuno Marques Pereira. Based on the evidence found in this eighteenth-century prose fiction work, it is proposed that it consists of a «pretended history», according to the conception of this genre of history that is outlined in the dialogue I of Court in the Village (1619), by Francisco Rodrigues Lobo. Having no intention of defining this genre (or species), this article presents considerations that aim to contribute to a critical reading of the Pilgrim of America appropriate to the Portuguese and Luso-Brazilian literate practices of the early 18th century.
Os letrados nas crônicas de Gomes Eanes de Zurara
Authors: Santos Guimarães Jerry
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we discuss how the «letrado» type, conceived as someone who has had access to a higher level of education, is handled by Gomes Eanes de Zurara in his chronicles, written in Portugal in the third quarter of the fifteenth century. We analyze the motives that lead the «letrados» to be praised or vituperated by Zurara. Finally, based on the Zurarian historiographic writing, we discuss the limits of assigning the term «letrado» to the chronicler himself.
In vivo restoration and volumetric body mass estimate of Mammuthus meridionalis from Madonna della Strada (Scoppito, L’Aquila)
Authors: ROMANO MARCO , MANUCCI FABIO , ANTONELLI MATTEO , ROSSI MARIA ADELAIDE , AGOSTINI SILVANO , PALOMBO MARIA RITA
Published: July 2022

In this contribution we present an in vivo reconstruction and volumetric body mass estimate for the mounted skeleton of Mammuthus meridionalis on exhibit at the east bastion of the Spanish Fortress at L’Aquila (Abruzzo, Central Italy). The reconstruction has been obtained starting from a 3D photogrammetric model of the skeleton acquired via a micro-drones and by digitally adding a percentage of soft tissues according to the conditions observed in wild specimens. By applying to the volume the density range proposed in literature for extant proboscideans we obtain an estimate of the body mass in the adult male specimen ranging from 11.3 t to 11.5 t, with average body mass equal to 11.43 t. In addition, we compare the volumetric BM estimate with the BM predictive values obtained by means of traditional regression equations based on long bones linear dimension and shoulder height. The results confirm that the volumetric method is always preferable if sufficiently complete mounted skeletons are available, since application of regression formulas to single bony element can lead to an underestimation or overestimation up to 130%. As a general indication, weight estimates in extinct tetrapods based on single measures and single bones should be totally avoided, especially in groups morphologically and phylogenetically distant from extant reference taxa.
Natural recuperation in Sal (Shorea robusta Gaertn. f.) mortality affected ecosystems through Miliusa velutina Hook. f.
Authors: Manhas R. , Singh Lokender , Chauhan P. , Negi J.
Published: July 2022

The present study was conducted in the Ramnagar Forest Division of Uttarakhand. Total 45 quadrats were laid by nested quadrat method for the phytosociological and ordination analysis of herb, shrub and tree layers. The data collected from the field was analyzed for frequency, density and abundance and finally importance values index (IVI) was calculated for all the species. The results of the study shows that Sal (Shorea robusta) was the most dominant plant species with 117 tree ha–1 density, 48.05 cm diameter and highest importance value (112.37) at tree layer and moderate contributor at shrub (IVI, 33.22) and herb (IVI, 32.94) layers. M. velutina with average diameter of 7.46 cm and density, 733 trees ha–1, was the other important species of the forest. The Principle Component Analyses (PCA) of the species shows that M. velutina was negatively associated with S. robusta, Anogeissus latifolia, Mallotus philippensis and Holarrhena antidysenterica and positively associated Cassia fistula and Diospyros melanoxylon. Population structure of the dominant species shows that S. robusta has started reviving from the losses due to mortality and it will start dominating these forests, once again, in near future.
Enhanced biodegradation of forest waste under solid state fermentation by using a new modified technique
Authors: Sharma Nivedita , Bansal K. , Neopaney B.
Published: July 2022

Forest waste belonging to Pinus roxburghii, Cedrus deodara, Quercus leucotrichophora and Robinia pseudoacacia was chosen due to its wide abundance in local forest for solid state fermentation (SSF) by coculture of hypercellulase and xylanase producing bacteria i.e. Bacillus licheniformis and B. coagulans isolated from the forest soil. In order to enhance the accessibility of forest lignocellulosic waste to the degrading enzymes, various physico-chemical pre-treatments were given to it. SSF mode of fermentation was preferred due to its tremendous potential to enhance the biodegradation of plant residue. The conventional SSF of lignocellulosic material was compared by developing a technique by replacing the moistening agent water with modified basal salt medium. This modified technique showed the promising results for degradation of plant biomass where biodegradation of forest waste was increased to a record level of (802.24%).
Smart Cities and Urban Mobility for Innovation and Sustainability
Authors: De Oliveira Lima Daniela Nicolai , Pedro Filho Flavio de Sao
Published: July 2022

This study is grounded in theories of degrowth and the circular economy. The general objective of this research leads to a thematic discussion of urban mobility in big cities that will suggest solutions for implementation in sustainable forms of technology which could transform metropolises into smart cities. As specific objectives, it seeks (1) to demonstrate the problem of urban mobility in large cities; (2) to address the global trend of changing unsustainable consumption habits into habits of minimal consumption, linked to Latouche's theory of degrowth and the circular economy; and (3) to interpret new trends in large urban centers with a focus on the smart city. As it happens, young millennials choose to enjoy goods, instead of owning them; with the availability of the Internet, people have started to interact with cities, exchanging information about traffic (congestion and public transport routes); they also access alternative modes of transport, such as the use of shared vehicles, bicycles, electric scooters and other modes that can be rented through apps. However, many companies which claim to offer sharing services in fact practice pseudo-sharing for the sake of profit. The methodology in this study was inductive in nature, using secondary sources, from qualitative bibliographic research starting from electronic searches of articles available in public domain pages, which allowed various publications on the chosen topic to be accessed for review. The result is an academic contribution to the public understanding of current conditions that may lead the elaboration of public policies for updated scenarios of smart cities to the benefit of residents.
Optimalisasi Pembelian Perangkat Jaringan Telekomunikasi
Authors: Alifah Vinny , Suhalis Adenan
Published: July 2022

Buana Selaras Globalindo company is a company which focuses on providing telecommunication equipment network. The main problem in this research is to find out how the optimal purchase of telecommunication network equipment at Buana Selaras Globalindo Jakarta company. The purpose of this research is to know the number of optimal purchases, the amount of safety provided, the time when repurchase is carried out, the maximum procurement (maximum inventory) and the total cost telecommunication equipment. The data was taken from field and library. The data was analysed with Economic Order Quantity (EOQ). The result of the analysis and discussion shows that the optimal purchase of OTB equipment is 1.429 units, ODP is 1.676 units, Closure is 1.728 units with four times frequency purchase. The safety stock for OTB equipment is 564 units, ODP is 406 units, Closure is 485 units. The ROP for OTB equipment is 1.402 units, ODP is 1.576 units, Closure is 1.729 units. The maximum inventory for OTB equipment is 1.983 units, ODP is 2,082 units, Closure is 2.213 units. The total inventory cost according to the EOQ method for OTB equipment is USD 1.121.144, ODP is USD 1.901.009, Closure is USD 1.976.334
Fungsi Gudang Transit dan Pendistribusian Barang Kebutuhan Kapal Charter
Authors: Rezzikal Idelco Febro , Lasse DA. , Iryatie Marina
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study is to determine and analyze the effect of Freight Forwarding and warehouse services on the distribution of goods needed for vessels to chartered vessels. The method used a quantitative method with the data analysis of multiple linear regression, coefficient analysis, coefficient of determination and hypothesis testing (t-test and f-test). From the analysis and discussion results, there is a proportional relationship between Freight Forwarding services and Transit Warehouse to the distribution of goods which is indicated by the multiple linear regression equation of Y = 6.972 + 0.917 X1 + 0.083 X2. The coefficient determination is 67.9%. The result of the hypothesis test simultaneously shows that the value of F_count = 28.546 is more than F_table = 3.35 because F_count is greater than F_table. It means, Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. In conclusion, there is a positive influence between Freight Forwarding services and Transit Warehouse on the distribution of goods.
Proses Stripping, Stuffing dengan Distribusi Sparepart Excavator pada Gudang Pusat Logistik Berikat
Authors: Aprilianda Salsabila , Yulianto Yuda , Setiawan Agus
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of stripping process and stuffing process of Excavator distribution at PLB ware house Kawasan Berikat Nusantara company. The problem in this research is the limitation of operational equipment, lack of maintenance service of operational equipment, and lac of number of employees. Quantitatif method with multiple linera regression technique was used in this research. There were 28 employees as sample. The result shows that the stripping process and stuffing process were significant positive relation with spareparts distribution Excavator at Kawasan Berikat Nusantara company.
Poor Results After Arthroscopic Treatment of Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears Using a Subacromial Balloon Spacer
Authors: Garríguez-Pérez Daniel , Lópiz Yaiza , García-Fernández Carlos , Marco Fernando
Published: July 2022

Introduction:

Arthroscopic balloon spacer arthroplasty (BSA) is a relatively recent procedure for patients with irreparable rotator cuff tears, conceived to prevent degenerative joint changes and relieve subacromial pain.

Methods:

This is a retrospective case series of 16 consecutive patients treated with BSA and followed up for a minimum 12 months. Besides BSA, partial tendon repair was done whenever possible. Radiographical parameters such as acromiohumeral distance and Hamada stage were measured preoperatively and postoperatively. Range of motion, functional results (Constant score; Simple Shoulder Test; American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score; and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand score), health-related quality of life results with the EuroQol Five Dimensions tool, complications, and patient satisfaction were also analyzed.

Results:

The mean age was 64 ± 10.3 years, and the male/female ratio was 6/10. Partial repair was achieved in five patients (31.2%) and did not influence functional or health-related quality of life results (P = 0.11). The mean acromiohumeral distance and Hamada stage worsened from preoperative measures (3.7 ± 2.0 mm and 2.3 ± 1.1) to final follow-up measures (3.1 ± 2.4 mm and 3.1 ± 1.3). Shoulder abduction increased by 7.8° ± 26.8° and forward flexion decreased by 25.5° ± 32.4° after surgery. The functional results at the final follow-up were Constant 49.5 ± 18.0; American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons 60.2 ± 27.2; Simple Shoulder Test 8.5 ± 4.6; and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand 32.7 ± 12.1. The mean index value for the EuroQol Five Dimensions was 0.79, and perceived quality of life was 85.6 ± 15.4 of 100 points. 62.5% of the patients (10) were satisfied with surgery. The complication rate was 13% (2), accounting for one deep infection and one balloon migration.

Conclusion:

Theoretical benefits of BSA for delaying superior humeral head translation and arthropathic changes could not be demonstrated in our series. Its functional results and satisfaction rates are low, but self-reported quality of life after surgery does not seem impaired. Complications do not occur frequently but require reintervention and endanger joint viability.

Level of evidence:

Level IV (case series).
Post-COVID-19 multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children: a case report
Authors: Martins Tauane Rene , Leite Gabriella Cavalcante , Hauy Beatriz Nomada , Marconato Gabrielle Gomides , Viana Kamila Cristina , Modaelli Jaqueline , Marqui Náthalie Angélica Cardoso , Lima Marina Lucca de Campos , Baptista Rafaela de Fátima Ferreira , Righetti Rawene Elza Veronesi Gonçalves , Mendes Airton José
Published: July 2022

Objective: Report of a case of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) post-COVID 19 and review of articles on the topic. Results: Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is a disease whose symptoms are similar between the adult and pediatric population, ranging from asymptomatic cases to more serious conditions that have spread global terror due to the high number of infections worldwide deaths. However, children have presented a milder clinic. It is worth mentioning, however, that this population is not completely risk-free, with reports of the association of the Coronavirus triggering inflammatory diseases, such as the so-called MIS-C whose complications can be as serious as the forms of symptoms experienced by adults. Conclusion: The temporal and serological relationship of a link with SARS-CoV-2 infection is supported by consistent data, however further studies are needed to establish SARS-CoV-2 as an inciting agent. Due to the severity of MIS-C, knowledge about this disease is necessary for a quick diagnosis and early treatment, aiming to reduce systemic lesions. Due to the increase in the number of cases of children affected by MIS-C, the use of immunomodulatory drugs, such as intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), aspirin, and systemic glucocorticoids, has been instituted as first-line therapy, to reduce inflammation and late complications.
Benefits and harmfulness of the use of bisphosphonate in the osseointegration process for dental implants in patients with osteoporosis: a concise systematic review
Authors: Ortega Liliane Fernanda Luz , Cicareli Alvaro José , Kassis Elias Naim
Published: July 2022

Introduction: In the scenario of implantology and osteoporosis, it is highlighted that the high need and use of treatments related to dental implants result from the combined effect of several factors, highlighting aging and bone fragility. In this context, osteoporosis is a global bone disease prevalent in human aging. Bisphosphonates (BPs) are commonly used as therapy because they influence hard and soft tissue calcium metabolism. Objective: It was to present the main considerations and scientific evidence of the use of bisphosphonate in the osseointegration process for dental implants in patients with osteoporosis, as well as to emphasize the harm caused by the occurrence of osteonecrosis. Methods: The rules of the Systematic Review-PRISMA Platform were followed. The research was carried out from February 2022 to May 2022 and developed based on Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results and Conclusion: A total of 110 articles were found. In total, 58 articles were fully evaluated and 28 were included and evaluated in this study. Of the initial total of articles, 26 articles were excluded because they did not meet the GRADE classification, and 4 were excluded because they presented a risk of bias. It was concluded that osteoporosis is a metabolic condition that affects alveolar bone density, which may compromise the dental implant process. Therefore, the careful use of bisphosphonates is necessary for the osseointegration process, however, dental surgeons are encouraged to know the diagnosis so that they can make a careful assessment, observing the quality of the bone through routine imaging exams, to prevent osteonecrosis. In addition, alendronate sodium is used to decrease bone resorption, being an adjuvant therapeutic agent for the treatment of osteoporosis.
Major clinical findings of ortho-surgical procedures in Class II patients: a concise systematic review
Authors: Bijotti Matheus Sartori , Oliveira El Soares Simão de , Moreira Junior José Renato , Valle Carlos Alberto do , Kassis Elias Naim
Published: July 2022

Introduction: In the ortho-surgery treatment, the AOB is an easily recognized malocclusion and presents only aesthetic and functional problems. Its etiology is multifactorial, including heredity, oral habits, unfavorable growth patterns, and increased lymphatic tissue along with mouth breathing and functional oral matrices. The prevalence of anterior open bite in the early mixed dentition is approximately 17.0-25%. Objective: the present study aimed to list the major clinical findings of ortho-surgical procedures in class II patients, as well as to analyze the risks of bias between the selected clinical studies. Methods: The present study was followed by a systematic literature review model, according to the PRISMA rules. The search strategy was performed in the PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. The present study was carried out from February to June of 2022. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument, with randomized controlled clinical studies, prospective controlled clinical studies, and studies of systematic review and meta-analysis listed as the studies with the greatest scientific evidence, and the Risk of Bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument (Funnel Plot Analysis). Results and Conclusion: A total of 111 articles were found. After this process, the abstracts were evaluated and a new exclusion was performed based on the GRADE Instrument and Risk of Bias. A total of 57 articles were fully evaluated and 13 clinical studies were included and discussed in this systematic review study. Considering the Cochrane tool for risk of bias, the overall assessment resulted in 27 studies that were excluded with a Major Risk of Bias (studies with small sample size), and 44 studies that were excluded with a Minor Risk of Bias. Also, 7 studies were excluded because they did not meet the GRADE. Significant improvement in anterior occlusion can be expected in most patients when maxillary or mandibular surgery is used for Class II open bite correction. However, there will be individual patients in whom there will be considerable post-treatment changes in the anteroposterior and vertical dimensions. Although individual morphology needs to be taken into account, it appears that both short-term and long-term stability are likely to be greater after Le Fort I surgery compared to bilateral sagittal split osteotomy.
Levon Shant’s Arguments On Independence As National-Spiritual And Civilization Factor
Authors: Sarvazyan Lilit
Published: July 2022

The article analyzes the political-philosophical concept of Levon Shant, a prominent Armenian thinker of the XIX-XX centuries. Shant substantiates the idea of polycentrism denying monocentrism in intercivilization relations. He believes all civilizations are displayed by individual uniqueness conditioned by people’s national and cultural originality. He stresses the national factor which reveals more profound qualities. According to the Armenian scholar’s theory, the nation is “an organism producing civilization’’ and the nationality is the fundamental principle to identify people. He refuses the aspects according to which the national and nations disappear during the process of civilization. On the contrary, the development of civilization is the key condition for nations’ prosperity, independence, equality of rights, manifestation of national and political identity, as well as for the solution to national problems.
Writing The Armenian History
Authors: Kosyan Aram
Published: July 2022

In academic studies and textbooks, the history of Armenia is entitled the "History
of Armenians" or the "History of Armenian people". Like other modern nations such
attitude could better fit those ethnic groups who never had statehood during their
history. In the case of Armenia everything is turned upside down.
The Armenian Nationalist-Liberal (Reorganiazed Hunchakian) Party In 1917-1921
Authors: Hovhannisyan Gegham
Published: July 2022

The international and political situation that came into existence after World War I dictated to the Armenian political forces to reconsider their programs and practices. The Reorganized Hunchakian Party, which was dedicated to the liberation of Western Armenians and advocated liberal ideas, adopted the name “Nationalist-Liberal”. The Liberals believed that the Armenian state that would unite the Republic of Armenia, Western Armenia and Cilicia, should have a presidential system of government and temporarily accept the patronage of a great power. The party played a significant role in Armenian social and political life in 1917-1921. After the establishment of the Soviet regime in Armenia, the ideological differences between the Liberals and the Soviet government did not disappear, however, the party’s priority became to help Armenia, which continued after the unification of the Liberals and the Ramgavars.
Osip Mandelstam. The Poet And The Time.His Life And Armenia
Authors: Zakaryan Anushavan
Published: July 2022

Osip Mandelstam (1891–1938) – a prominent Russian poet, art theorist, translator
– takes a special place in the history of Soviet literature.
In the 1920–1930s, Mandelstam, being non-party man and not constantly being
member of any literary association, tasted all the misfortunes that befell the intellectual
class of his generation and a great many ordinary Soviet citizens; he faced repressions,
he was arrested twice, was sent into exile where he died.
Mandelstam’s name is closely related to Armenia and Armenian culture. His visit
to Armenia (from May to early October, 1930) was life-changing for him. Under the
indelible impressions of the biblical country, he wrote a collection of poems “Armenia”
(1931) and an essay “Journey to Armenia” (1933). These pieces of art are among the
best works in the Russian literature dedicated to Armenia.
There is rich literature on Mandelstam’s life and art: memoirs of contemporaries, a
great number of monographs, articles and publications. Nevertheless, there are almost
no studies about Mandelstam in the Armenian language: the present article partially fills
this gap.
Banishing the Ghost of Lord Asquiths Award: A Resurgence of Arbitration in the Middle East
Authors: Mohtashami Reza
Published: July 2022

More than sixty years have passed since Lord Asquith's infamous award in Petroleum Development Ltd v. The Ruler of Abu Dhabi, whose sweeping value judgment about the inadequacies of Abu Dhabi law, closely followed by awards rendered against The Ruler of Qatar and Saudi Arabia, had a profound and detrimental impact on the development of arbitration in the Middle East over many decades. There are signs however that the ghost of Lord Asquith's award may finally have been banished, as we experience a tangible shift in perception and practice in favor of arbitration across the Middle East. This article first describes the historical context of arbitration in the Middle East, before briefly examining the regional resurgence currently underway by means of three tangible metrics: the profusion of domestic and regional arbitration centers, the enactment of supportive statutory regimes and the increasing incidences of Arab parties initiating arbitral claims.
Living in Glass Houses? The Debate on Transparency in International Investment Arbitration
Authors: Limbasan Natalie , Malintoppi Loretta
Published: July 2022

The present article examines the parameters of transparency and considers both current and pending standards to be applied with regard to this notion. The authors discuss the evolving framework from a theoretical perspective and look at arbitral practice in this context, taking into account recent developments such as the adoption of the UNCITRAL Transparency Rules and the related Mauritius Convention, as well as their incorporation into the draft texts of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership and EU-Canada Free Trade Agreement. The authors conclude that the impetus for transparency is greatest amongst those engaging most actively in the debate, but that whether the time is ripe for comprehensive transparency standards will be reflected in the reaction of states to the opportunity to bind themselves immediately thereto by acceding to the Mauritius Convention.
The 1958 New York Convention Article II: Fit for Modern International Trade?
Authors: Paulsson Marike
Published: July 2022

Article II of the 1958 New York Convention contains a formal requirement that has brought UNCITRAL to issue recommendations on how to interpret the so-called "in writing" requirement. According to Article II(2), an agreement must be either signed by the parties or concluded through an exchange of telegrams.

The Convention's success may falter if courts cannot find a way to relax the stringent requirement of Article II(2).Today, arbitration agreements are formally concluded differently, and they no longer respond to the idea of arbitration agreements in 1958.

The author attempts to bring the 1958 treaty to the days of modern trade by revisiting the drafting history of Article II and bring the drafters' intent back to the surface. That enables the creation of guidelines for counsel to draft clauses that are "New York Convention-proof", and it enables the judiciary to realign the old treaty with modern trade.
The Public Policy Defence to Enforcement of Arbitral Awards: Rising Star or Setting Sun?
Authors: San Funke Adekoya
Published: July 2022

The realisation that foreign arbitral awards needed a framework for international enforcement resulted in the United Nations Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards, which amongst other things included grounds for refusal of recognition and enforcement of arbitral awards.

This paper attempts to examine the use of “public policy” as a ground to refuse enforcement and review the status and scope of the defence when raised in different countries. It concludes with the position that though there are certain countries that have interpreted the public policy defence in an expansive and possibly protectionist manner to refuse enforcement, this is not a trend that is gaining ground. Rather, the restrictive and pro-enforcement definitions of public policy espoused by most countries is effectively watering down the potency of the public policy defence as a means of refusing enforcement of foreign arbitral awards.
From Perpetual Respondent to Aspiring Counterclaimant? State Counterclaims in the New Wave of Investment Treaties
Authors: Poon Fiona , Popova Ina C.
Published: July 2022

Critics of investor-State arbitration often refer to the perception that it is a system in which the State must always play defense. State counterclaims against investors could counterbalance this perceived asymmetry. Yet, the majority of State counterclaims asserted to date have failed. The reason for this failure in several cases is not an inherent structural bias against States, but obstacles to jurisdiction over the counterclaim that derive from the terms of the underlying investment treaty that the State concluded. Despite the keen public focus on investor-State dispute settlement in the wake of the recent negotiation of several major trade agreements, State counterclaims have received little, if any, attention in recent treaty-making practice. Although some new investment agreements would expand investor-State dispute settlement to more amply encompass State claims against investors, many others restrict access to arbitration in a way that would significantly limit State counterclaims, or even preclude them altogether. This article examines some of the obstacles to State counterclaims that tribunals have discerned in existing investment treaties, before turning to consider the divergent trends that emerge from recent treaty-making initiatives and their implications for State counterclaims.
An Arbitrators Duties: Due Process and Trust in Investor-State Arbitration
Authors: Riesenberg David P. , Lamm Carolyn B. , Hellbeck Eckhard R.
Published: July 2022

Most of the improvements being discussed for investor-State dispute settlement involve proposals of ever more lengthy and intricate rules. This article proposes a different, perhaps complementary approach by looking at the ability and duty of arbitrators to preserve trust in the investor-State arbitration system. Indeed, arbitrators are uniquely positioned to act as the principal guardians of the system by conducting each proceeding in accordance with fundamental rules of due process and procedural fairness based on the agreed procedures and the rule of law. In so doing, arbitrators alone have the inherent authority and the opportunity, but also the duty to the parties appearing before them, to build and preserve trust from the ground up.
The Arbitration Clause and State Immunity Under French Law
Authors: Atallah Ana
Published: July 2022

State immunity is a complex and often decisive issue in international arbitration. It impacts not only the effectiveness of arbitral awards but also the efficiency of the international arbitration system. The lack of harmonized practice with respect to state immunity further complicates the issue. While some countries have adopted legislation regarding state immunity, others have left the task of developing the relevant rules to domestic judges. In France, this latter option has been largely preferred. To understand the French courts’ current position on this topic, the Creighton and Commisimpex decisions and their relationship to each other must be analyzed. These decisions will provide insights into the likely and desirable evolution of French law.
Main Characteristics of the International Arbitration Case Law Rendered by Egyptian Courts
Authors: El-Kosheri Ahmed Sadek
Published: July 2022

Since Egypt’s legislature adopted a modern Arbitration Law (Law No. 27 of 1994), which is largely inspired by the UNCITRAL Model Law, the general view in Egypt on this subject matter marked an important transformation, particularly with respect to the courts’ attitude towards the expansion of international commercial arbitration. The once open hostility has been replaced by an emergence in recent years of a new, opposite trend, which prevails among most state courts and which can be summarized in three trends: a) courts are becoming clearly more favorable in recognizing the validity and effects of arbitration agreements related to international business transactions; b) courts are assisting arbitral tribunals operating locally in discharging their tasks; and c) courts are facilitating the enforcement proceedings of arbitral awards, whether rendered in Egypt or abroad.
Egyptian Public Policy as a Ground for Annulment and Refusal of Enforcement of Arbitral Awards
Authors: Selim Ismail
Published: July 2022

In contrast with the French approach, the Egyptian Arbitration Law does not explicitly embrace the dichotomy between domestic and international public policy. Yet Egyptian courts have adopted the well-known distinction between domestic and international public policy with respect to conflict of laws, including, mutatis mutandis, recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments and foreign and international arbitral awards. The weak standard of review by Egyptian courts of whether an arbitration award complies with public policy norms is one of the reasons why Egypt has become an arbitration-friendly seat. A comprehensive review of Egyptian case law illustrates the rejection by the courts in Egypt of the public policy exception, save in very exceptional circumstances.
Truncated Tribunals
Authors: Waly Fathi
Published: July 2022

This article addresses the issue of truncated tribunals, which have been rejected by Egyptian courts, but are permissible under UNCITRAL Rules 2010 and CRCICA Rules 2011. The author concludes that while truncated tribunals contradict essential principles of due process, they may be warranted under certain circumstances based on general principles of law.
The Enforcement Order of Foreign Arbitral Awards: Does It Require Filing an Enforcement Case or Submitting an Application for Enforcement?
Authors: Amrallah Borhan
Published: July 2022

This article will focus on the enforcement of foreign arbitral awards in Egypt. Specifically, it will discuss the difference between enforcing foreign arbitral awards under Egypt’s Arbitration Law No.27/1994 (i.e., by ordonnance sur requête) and the Egyptian Code of Civil Procedure, the latter of which imposes substantially more onerous conditions, higher fees, and charges on enforcement.
Will the Future See More Investment Arbitrations Taking Place in the Middle East?
Authors: Vesel Scott
Published: July 2022

To date, few, if any, investment arbitrations have been conducted in the Middle East. This situation contrasts with the fundamental historical importance the region has played as the location of seminal disputes that have helped to establish the international arbitration regime as we know it today, as well as the important and growing role of Middle Eastern parties in both commercial and investment arbitration. This essay considers the general trend towards decentralization of seats and venues in international arbitration and the factors that may eventually lead to more arbitrations taking place within the region.