bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effect of educational upward mobility on habitus – The Subjective Experience of Mobility among First-in Family Graduates in Hungary
Authors:   , Nyírő Zsanna
Published: July 2022

A dolgozat célja, hogy hozzájáruljon a felfelé irányuló mobilitás magyarországi szakirodalmához, nevezetesen a családban elsőként diplomát szerzők mobilitásával kapcsolatos szubjektív tapasztalatokat vizsgálja. A disszertáció elméleti célja, hogy eredményeink alapján javaslatokat tegyünk a Bourdieu-féle habitus fogalom módosítására és bővítésére annak érdekében, hogy a fogalmat az empirikus kutatások számára használhatóbbá tegyük. Két kutatási kérdést fogalmaztam meg. Először azt vizsgálja a kutatásom, hogy milyen feltételek mellett valószínűsíthető, hogy a felfelé irányuló mobilitás hatására destabilizálódik a habitus. Másodszor azt vizsgálja, hogy a felfelé mobil roma diplomások hogyan adnak értelmet a mobilitási pályájuknak. Azaz, hogyan tudják összeegyeztetni a származási csoportjuk és az elért társadalmi csoportjuk közötti feszültségeket. E kérdések megválaszolása érdekében kvalitatív interjúkat készítettünk a családban először diplomát szerzőkkel.
Optimization of Bonus-Malus Systems
Authors:   , Gyetvai Márton
Published: July 2022

Bonus-Malus System (BMS) is a risk managing method mostly used in liability insurances. The most general application of the BMS is in the Motor third-party liability insurance. In a BMS, there are finitely many classes, each having a different premium. At the start of the contract, each policyholder is assigned to the "initial class". Subsequently, suppose the policyholder has a claim in the following period. In that case, he/she moves to a worse class, so the policyholder's payment may increase in the subsequent period. If he/she does not have a claim in a particular period, then he/she moves to a better class; therefore, his/her payment may become less in the following period. The classification rule – how many classes the policyholder will move up or down in the system – is called the transition rule. Hence, a transition rule specifies where the policyholder will be reclassified in the subsequent period for each possible claim. Our contribution to the literature of the optimization of the BMS can be summarized as: • We investigate a model that was introduced by Heras et al. (2004) but with a modified objective function. We proved that an optimal premium-scale always exists with this objective function in which all premiums equal one of the risk groups expected claim. • We considered the same model with a profit constraint. In this case, we proved that an optimal premium-scale always exists in which there is only one type of premium that is unequal to any risk group's expected claim. • We introduced a MILP model for the optimization of transition rules with fixed premiums. We considered unified and non-unified transition rules optimization. In the case of unified transition rules, we gave the rule to exclude those transition rules that would lead to a non-irreducible Markov chain. • We introduced a MILP model for the joint optimization of transition rules and premiums. We can determine the exact solution with the investigated objective function when we do not consider the profit constraint. However, we can only approximate it otherwise. • We introduced an extended version of the model, where instead of the stationary probabilities, we use multi-period optimization. • We introduced modeling approaches to consider the BMS premium with other statistical estimations in the final premium. Finally, we compared the methods with numerical experiments on realistic data. • We introduced an optimization model for a BMS where the classification depends on the claim amount.
Endoscopic Findings of Gastric Cryptococcosis in an Immunosuppressed Patient
Authors: Flores Luis , Alvizuri Claudia , Ramirez Dania , Salas Yessenia , Ojeda Manuel
Published: July 2022

A 34-year-old man with a recent HIV diagnosis presented to the emergency department with a holocranial headache and skin lesions due to cryptococcosis. He was admitted and during treatment, he presented nausea, persistent vomiting, and epigastric pain. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed multiple round lesions with reddish elevated edges and a pale center in corpus and antrum which were positive for Cryptococcus in pathology analysis.
A Study on English Phonetic Learning by Senior High School Students in China
Authors:   The Society Of Modern Grammar, Zhang Wenguang , Shim Jaewoo , Lee Heechul
Published: July 2022

This present study investigated the relationship between Chinese senior high school students’ mastery of pronunciation features and their speaking fluency. Sixty-six second-year Chinese senior high school students participated in this study. The first instrument measured subjects’ mastery of pronunciation features consisting of six categories: vowels, consonants, linking, assimilation, intonation and stress while the second one assessed their three aspects of speaking fluency by reading a text: pause, repetition and speech rate. The results of data analysis showed most subjects in this study performed well on segmental features, but their performance on supra-segmental features were weak. Moreover, subjects from the high supra-segmental group outperformed low supra-segmental group in the uses of stress, intonation and linking. Based on the results, employing consciousness-raising activities for teaching pronun- ciation were suggested for improving students’ pronunciation skills.
Open Balkan: Objectives and Justifications
Authors: Semenov Andrej
Published: July 2022

The paper discusses Open Balkan, an initiative led by Albania, North Macedonia, and Serbia. The starting point is a review of the historical developments of regional initiatives since 1996, which reveals the process tendencies such as ownership transfer from the EU to the region, overlapping goals among initiatives, and an agenda shift from fundamental to more comprehensive and progressive targets. The central argument of the paper is that while the founders of Open Balkan remain committed to the Berlin Process and RCC, they emphasize that the project is not dependent on the EU, implying that the Open Balkan project is not yet another ownership transfer to the local countries. Additionally, while the paper does not discard the possibility that the project is just political theatre, it suggests that the “race to Europe” fatigue accompanied by domestic issues might indeed pressure the three leaderships to explore an innovative approach.
Breve ensayo sobre las antropotecnias y la complejidad para definir al ser humano
Authors: Daros W. R.
Published: July 2022

Este artículo se centra en describir la problemática acerca de si los humanos deben seguir atrapados en una ciega evolución biológica o bien ellos deben pasar a elegir qué desean asumir. Ante tal disyuntiva se recuerdan la hipótesis optimista (lograr un transhumanismo) y la hipótesis pesimista (la degeneración de lo humano). Al parecer, la especie humana, como el resto de las especies vivas, ha surgido en un proceso de evolución; es la única con capacidad de ser consciente de ello y, en parte, ha sido capaz, mediante las técnicas, de poder adaptarse y de planificar en parte su futuro. Las biotecnologías están utilizándose cada vez más para el mejoramiento y perfeccionamiento de lo humano, convirtiéndose de ese modo en antropotecnias. Así, al orientarse estas nuevas tecnologías hacia y sobre su autor, el ser humano puede también convertirse en un peligro para él mismo. Los «transhumanistas » estiman, sin embargo, que los humanos deben arrebatar su destino biológico al proceso ciego de la evolución de la variación aleatoria y la adaptación, y pasar a la siguiente etapa como especie: la elección de nuestro ser. En la conclusión se patentizan las implicancias y consecuencias del hecho de ser humano y racional.
The future of work in the era of emerging technologies
Authors: Palazzani Laura
Published: July 2022

There are three main intersections between transhumanism and the future of work, related to the different meanings of transhumanism: 1. the radical meaning of the transformation of the human condition towards perfection beyond humanity conceived as a limitation (technologization of the body and artificialization of the mind through robotics and artificial intelligence (AI)) in the context of the devaluation of the human being1: towards perfection «beyond» the human range in the workplace; 2. the intermediate meaning of enhancement as the quantitative and qualitative increase of human capacities (physical, mental, emotional)2: towards perfection «in» humans in the workplace; 3. the use of emerging technologies (as the most recent fast and complex advancement of technologies)3 in order to enhance «human work».
De la ética ambiental a la ecología humana. Un cambio necesario
Authors: Marcos Alfredo , Valera Luca
Published: July 2022

La ética ambiental nació como justa contestación a los excesos del antropocentrismo. Sin embargo, un énfasis obsesivo en lo ético y en lo ambiental, con el consiguiente olvido de lo antropológico, puede estar dañando la vida humana, la libertad de las personas y la vida en general. Abogamos aquí por la construcción de una ecología humana que vaya más allá y más al fondo que las éticas ambientales al uso. Defendemos que el humanismo es perfectamente compatible con el reconocimiento del valor inherente de todos los seres naturales. Lo hacemos basándonos principalmente en algunas ideas de Hans Jonas, aunque rechazamos su heurística catastrofista. De él retomamos la idea de que existe una responsabilidad moral hacia los demás seres vivos, empezando por los más próximos en el tiempo y en el espacio, y hacia el libre florecimiento de las personas actuales. Con ello, también, se rebaja el peso de lo ético sobre nuestra acción ecológica. Esta ha de atender principalmente a criterios experienciales, antropológicos, científicos y de sentido común. Por último, defendemos que la política, la educación y la comunicación ambiental deben orientarse directamente hacia la libertad y el desarrollo virtuoso de las personas actuales, y no hacia el control de las mismas por culpabilización. El tránsito desde la ética ambiental hacia la ecología humana —concluimos— puede ser beneficioso tanto para las personas como para la naturaleza.
“It’s the teachers’ fault”: Personalizing the gaps with school-based value-added measures
Authors: Garver Rachel
Published: July 2022

Efforts to measure teacher effectiveness have intensified across the globe over the last two decades. In the United States, educational reforms that attempt to further educational equity have concentrated on aspects of schooling, such as teacher quality, that are more easily manipulated and monitored than powerful out-of-school factors, such as economic and racial segregation. Teachers in high-poverty, racially segregated schools are subject to strengthened accountability policies that seek to precisely evaluate teachers as they face student needs that research shows are difficult to address fully within the classroom. How does this disconnect between causes and remedies shape equity work in high-poverty, segregated schools? I examine how the administration at a public middle school in the United States held teachers independently responsible for the comparative performance of each student subgroup. This project of “personalizing the gaps” involved developing a theory of action that linked performance gaps to classroom practice and creating a value-added data set that traced the growth of each subgroup in teachers’ classrooms. In turn, teachers ‘personalized the gaps’ when under direct administrative supervision and at other times resisted by proposing alternative explanations for performance gaps or questioning the validity of the administration’s data practices.
Are these the accountable teacher subjects citizens want?
Authors: Skerritt Craig
Published: July 2022

This paper represents an attempt to bring about more deliberation vis-à-vis the accountability so often called for by society. It is concerned with the impact of contemporary accountability on the subjectivities and identities of teachers and the production of accountable teacher subjects. In problematising accountability, the intention of this paper is not to provide concrete answers but to instigate more creative and critical thinking about and reflections on accountability. This paper sets out to highlight tensions, provoke readers, and generate questions—questions for policy and practice about the nature, value, purposes and effects of contemporary accountability. The issues discussed here are not simply teachers’ issues, however, but issues for us all, and collectively we must find solutions. We must ask questions about accountability and questions of accountability and consider how and why professionals are subjected to accountability and the ways in which accountability shapes subjectivity.
Mobile Instant Messaging Communication Etiquette: Educators’ Voices and Point of View
Authors: Permatasari Alfelia Nugky , Soelistiyowati Endang , Nugroho Vincentius Tangguh Atyanto
Published: July 2022

Communication using digital media has highly increased since the pandemic, including within education context. Different types of expectation between the involved parties sometimes causing communication challenge for both.  This study aims to find out how educators viewed the courtesy shown by the students during interactions using instant messaging media. Specifically, it aims to find out politeness indicators, communication challenges, and educators’ expectations. The interview questions included the concept of appropriate and polite messages between students as well as the overall attitudes of students within WhatsApp communication. The interviews are transcribed and coded based on what is listed in the framework. The results of the study reveal that most lecturers agreed students are adept in establishing communication through WhatsApp, compared to those in the past by incorporating greetings to open a conversation, stating identity, thanking and closing to end the conversation. Aside from a small number of students having trouble following etiquette, challenges appeared mostly when educators did not set clear rules on what they expected regarding WhatsApp communication. Educators have lower expectations on WhatsApp use in non-academic context.
CFD-based approach to design the heart-shaped micromixer with obstacles
Authors: Gidde Ranjitsinha R. , Pawar Prashant M. , Santana Harrson S.
Published: July 2022

Microfluidic devices/systems, including Micro-Total-Analysis-System (µTAS), Point of Care Testing (POCT) and Lab-On-a-Chip (LOC) are used in many chemical and biological assays applications. Among the vital tasks that these microfluidic devices must achieve essentially include a high degree of mixing and accordingly, micromixers are being used for the same purpose. The design depends on the yield required in particular application. In the proposed study, the four kinds of heart-shaped micromixers with different obstacles have been studied through simulations. The influence of the shape and size of different obstacles viz., circular shape, diamond shape, teardrop shape, and heart shape obstacles on the performance characteristics has been studied. The performance characteristics namely, the mixing index and pressure drop have been used. In accordance with the study, a heart-shaped micromixer with heart shape obstacles (HSM-HSO) has come out to be the most efficient micromixer due to the significant chaotic convection effect. The heart-shaped micromixer with heart shape obstacles (HSM-HSO) of size 0.350 µm × 0.350 µm has shown better performance for a wider range of Reynolds number (Re), i.e., mixing index of Re > 0.99, for Re of 0.1 and Re in the range of 15–45.
Tapered photonic switching
Authors: Galiffi Emanuele , Yin Shixiong , Alú Andrea
Published: July 2022

The advent of novel nonlinear materials has stirred unprecedented interest in exploring the use of temporal inhomogeneities to achieve novel forms of wave control, amidst the greater vision of engineering metamaterials across both space and time. When the properties of an unbounded medium are abruptly switched in time, propagating waves are efficiently converted to different frequencies, and partially coupled to their back-propagating phase-conjugate partners, through a process called time-reversal. However, in realistic materials the switching time is necessarily finite, playing a central role in the resulting temporal scattering features. By identifying and leveraging the crucial role of electromagnetic momentum conservation in time-reversal processes, here we develop a general analytical formalism to quantify time-reversal due to temporal inhomogeneities of arbitrary profile. We deploy our theory to develop a formalism, dual to spatial tapering, that enables the tailoring of a desired time-reversal spectral response, demonstrating its use for the realization of broadband frequency converters and filters.
Otogarden
Authors: Oliva Costantino , Poutiainen Ari
Published: July 2022

In this article we present ludomusicological research associated with the development of the video game Otogarden. Players of Otogarden are able to repeat short musical phrases through the use of a loop mechanic, juxtaposing sounds extemporaneously. By using the methodology of research through design, Otogarden addresses aesthetic and design issues related to musical participation in video games. Specifically, this article argues that video games, a contemporary venue for technologically augmented musicking, can allow access to novel forms of musical improvisation. In fact, while video games afford a remarkable variety of musicking, examples related to musical improvisation remain underexplored, with popular games favoring score-based interactions, as established by titles such as Guitar Hero or Rock Band. In similar examples, music is presented as a task to be completed, mediated by prerecorded compositions and simplified notations. Notable exceptions, such as the experimental game Electroplankton, have been criticized specifically for their lack of composition-oriented functionalities, seemingly neglecting the inherent value of improvisatory musical practices in video games.

Otogarden challenges this understanding of a “music game” by focusing on the largely untapped potential of musical improvisation, “an activity of enormous complexity and sophistication, or the simplest and most direct expression.”1 In order to gain feedback on Otogarden’s special characteristics, we held a playtesting session with a sample of university students (N=21) with a special interest in music and music education. We collected research data from this session in the form of a survey. Analysis reveals different manifested perspectives, offering players novel creative opportunities. In addition, the game has surprising potential as a music-education tool. We conclude that it is possible to deliberately stimulate players’ perspective on the game in an improvisatory musical direction, making evident the extemporaneous musical possibilities connected with digital game engagement.
Effect of Varying Heat Treatment Regimes on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of P92 Steel Welds
Authors:   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Pal Vinay Kumar , Singh Lokendra Pal ,   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences
Published: July 2022

Cr-Mo steels are well-known for their high temperature application in thermal power plants. P91, P911 and P92 are most commonly used Cr-Mo steels for high temperature application. The steels de-rived their strength from tempered martensite and precipitates of MX and M23C6 type. The normalizing and tempering of the steels are performed before putting them in service condition. The present manuscript describes the effect of the varying heat treatment regimes on microstructure and mechanical properties of the P92 steel. The normalizing effect on microstructure and mechanical properties has been studied. The normalizing was performed in the range of 950–1150 ºC. The effect of the varying tempering time on mechanical behavior of the P92 steel has also been studied and effort to develop relation between microstructure and mechanical properties was made. Optical microscope and scanning electron microscope have been utilized for microstructure study. To characterize the mechanical behavior, tensile, hardness and Charpy impact toughness tests were performed.
The Effect of Stream-Based Teaching Materials Using Android on Students’ Problem-Solving Skills and Religious Attitudes
Authors: Heliawati Leny , Pebriani Fenny , Ardianto Didit
Published: July 2022

This study aims to develop water teaching materials using android on students’ problem-solving skills and religious attitudes with a learning model of the Science, Technology, Religious, Engineering, Art, and Mathematics (STREAM) approach science subjects. The experimental method carried out by R and D uses the 4D design (Define, Design, Develop and Disseminate). The research data were collected and analyzed in the form of quantitative descriptive from the results of the students’ pretest and posttest. This research was conducted through a google form by distributing a questionnaire, which was given to students with 50 respondents and five science teachers who had used STREAM-based water teaching materials using android. The results of the study, the average percentage of problem-solving skills with N Gain was 73% with a high category, which means that the application of learning materials based on android is proven to improve student learning. Assessment of religious attitudes in integrating material with the verses of the Quran is very good. This study’s conclusion shows that learning using STREAM-based teaching materials using android is statistically very significant, proven to be effective in improving students’ problem-solving skills and religious attitudes to water material in online learning during the current pandemic.
The Phenomenon of Crisis of Religious Understanding in the Midst of the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Alghiffary Muhammad
Published: July 2022

Covid-19 affects the established order of worship. Muslims are required to wear masks, keep their distance, and eliminate greetings during congregations. At certain times, mosques are also required to close temporarily to prevent the spread of the virus. In fact, these rules are not obeyed by the Muslim community in the city of Pekalongan, in fact, some pilgrims oppose it. This study aims to analyze the relationship of health protocol practice with religious understanding and the role of mosques in helping victims affected by covid-19. The study uses qualitative methods in which the main data in the form of words and actions are taken using observation, interview and documentation techniques. Data in the form of words was taken using interview techniques to 27 pilgrims. The data in the form of actions was taken using observation techniques by observing religious phenomena in 12 mosques. Both data are documented using recordings and images as a form of data validation. The results of this study showed a crisis of religious understanding experienced by mosque administrators and worshippers. The management is adamant not to close the mosque in the midst of the pandemic and is reluctant to allocate infaq to the social realm of victims affected by covid-19. The pilgrims are divided into three groups: trust, doubt, and distrust of the coronavirus. However, it does not affect the effectiveness of preventive measures instructed by the government. Most pilgrims apply health protocols. Some pilgrims also consider sharia rules to be above government rules, so religious activities must still be carried out
The Ideal Foreign Oriented Definition Model of Words with Chinese Characteristics
Authors: Guo Wanling
Published: July 2022

The rapidly growing number of Chinese learners around the world requires us to seek for a more effective definition of Words with Chinese Characteristics (WCCs), which refers to the category of words that bear characteristics of Chinese ethic, life context, natural environment, customs and, religious belief, etc. They reflect the accumulation of Chinese culture. Learning Chinese language is inseparably associated with acquiring certain Chinese culture knowledge. As what Humboldt said, a nation’s language is a nation’s spirit (2005). This study aims at constructing a model for satisfactorily analyzing WCCs from foreigners’ perspective as an important preparing procedure for defining them in the foreign-oriented learning dictionaries. Based on the Ideal Cognitive Model (ICM), the means of structures by which people constantly organize their knowledge (Lakoff 1987: 85), a new model will be effective in describing the WCCs within a theoretical framework connecting language, cognition, and culture. Practically, this study provides samples of defining WCCs and sets up a model of defining them for foreign-oriented dictionaries, helpful for Chinese language learning as SLA. Theoretically, the analysis of these words offers an approach to bringing deeper insight into Chinese language and to appropriately interpreting more culture-loaded words. Furthermore, this study proves the feasibility and advantage of application of cognitive linguistic theories in construing and interpreting language.
Chinese Language Standards of Primary and Secondary Texts
Authors: Soh Kaycheng
Published: July 2022

Chinese is taught as a second language in Singapore, taking up 15–20% of curriculum time in primary and secondary schools and without the support of the other subjects in the curriculum. The notion of a two-year difference with Chinese as a first language is common but with no official documentation. This study aims to verify the standard gap between Chinese as a first language in China and as a second language in Singapore, using samples of texts of the two countries. It was found that Primary 1 texts of China are equivalent to Primary 3 in Singapore in terms of readability, based on a newly developed readability formula. The gap gets gradually wider at the primary level but fast widening and erratic at the secondary level. Probably causes and implications are discussed.
Exploring working conditions in selected rural schools: teachers’ experiences
Authors: Nkambule Thabisile
Published: July 2022

Even though quality education is important for the empowerment of individuals and development of society, some rural schools in South Africa continue to function amid tough conditions. Because little research on the topic exists, with this article I explore and identify teachers’ experiences of the working conditions in rural schools in South Africa. A qualitative, descriptive and interpretive case study was used, and 5 schools were purposively selected as cases for the study, 2 primary and 3 secondary schools. Interviews and observations with 11 teachers provided insight into the difficult working conditions that teachers in some rural school need to contend with. Teachers in rural schools continue to experience difficult working conditions and due to their loyalty to their schools, they do not relocate to other schools. Dilapidated infrastructure, a lack of chalk boards, insufficient textbooks, among others, hamper teacher’s working conditions and constrain their teaching. The participants in the study indicated that principals played a fundamental role in supporting and inspiring teachers who work under challenging conditions.
Effects of teachers’ demographic factors towards workplace spirituality at secondary school level
Authors: Aslam Muhammad , Mazhar Sohail , Sarwar Muhammad , Chaudhary Abid Hussain
Published: July 2022

Workplace spirituality is recognised as the inner state of individuals and an aspect of their working life. In the study reported on here we aimed to unearth the effects of teachers’ demographic factors (gender, age, nature of job, academic qualification, marital status, designation, teaching experience, and district) towards workplace spirituality in secondary schools. This study was a descriptive research and a cross-sectional survey research design was applied. The participants were 3,050 secondary school teachers. The participants were selected using stratified proportionate random sampling. The Workplace Spirituality Scale (WPS) developed by Petchsawang and Duchon (2009) was used along with a list of demographic variables to meet the study objectives. Different statistical techniques (t-test, mean, SD, one-way ANOVA and post hoc analysis) were applied for data analysis. The results indicate that teachers were satisfied and agreed with the practices of workplace spirituality in secondary schools. Moreover, the results reveal that the teachers’ demographic factors (gender, designation, nature of job, academic qualification, marital status, teaching experience, and district) had significant effects on their workplace spirituality. From the results we recommend that the management of educational institutions should treat teachers equally and fairly without any discrimination for equal nurturing of workplace spirituality among teachers.
Analysis of the Export Competitiveness of Korean and French Cosmetics in the Chinese Market
Authors:   Korea Association for International Commerce and Information, GAO HAILONG , Lee Je Hong
Published: July 2022

China's major cosmetic import countries are France, Japan, the United States, Korea, and the United Kingdom, and the imports of Korean products have increased significantly in recent years. The proportion of imports from five major cosmetic countries accounted for 86%. By country, France, the largest importer, decreased from 38% in 2014 to 30% in 2015. has slowed Imports of Korean cosmetics increased by nearly 300% in 2015, and the proportion of imports of Korean products also increased to 23%.
The Chinese cosmetics market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 10% through 2019. Currently, only about 10% of the Chinese population uses cosmetics, and the per capita purchase amount ('15) of cosmetics is $37, which is 1/6 of that of Korea.
Korean cosmetics have scalability in the global market, and the cosmetics consumption market in China is also expanding. Therefore, this study analyzed the competitiveness of Korean cosmetics and French cosmetics with traditional competitiveness in the Chinese market. The market share index (MSI) was used to analyze competitiveness. The purpose of this study is to look at the competitiveness of Korean cosmetics by using the market share index in the Chinese market, which is a large market for Korean cosmetics.
A Novel Self-organizing Fuzzy Cerebellar Model Articulation Controller Based Overlapping Gaussian Membership Function for Controlling Robotic System
Authors: Ngo Thanh-Quyen , Hoang Dinh-Khoi , Tran Trong-Toan , Nguyen Anh-Tuan
Published: July 2022

This paper introduces an effective intelligent controller for robotic systems with uncertainties. The proposed method is a novel self-organizing fuzzy cerebellar model articulation controller (NSOFC) which is a combination of a cerebellar model articulation controller (CMAC) and sliding mode control (SMC). We also present a new Gaussian membership function (GMF) that is designed by the combination of the prior and current GMF for each layer of CMAC. In addition, the relevant data of the prior GMF is used to check tracking errors more accurately. The inputs of the proposed controller can be mixed simultaneously between the prior and current states according to the corresponding errors. Moreover, the controller uses a self-organizing approach which can increase or decrease the number of layers, therefore the structures of NSOFC can be adjusted automatically. The proposed method consists of a NSOFC controller and a compensation controller. The NSOFC controller is used to estimate the ideal controller, and the compensation controller is used to eliminate the approximated error. The online parameters tuning law of NSOFC is designed based on Lyapunov’s theory to ensure stability of the system. Finally, the experimental results of a 2 DOF robot arm are used to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed controller.
Approximating the Level Curves on Pascal’s Surface
Authors: Daus Leonard , Jianu Marilena , Nagy Mariana , Beiu Roxana-Mariana
Published: July 2022

It is well-known that in general the algorithms for determining the reliability polynomial associated to a two-terminal network are computationally demanding, and even just bounding the coefficients can be taxing. Obviously, reliability polynomials can be expressed in Bernstein form, hence all the coefficients of such polynomials are fractions of the binomial coefficients. That is why we have very recently envisaged using an extension of the classical discrete Pascal’s triangle (which comprises all the binomial coefficients) to a continuous version/surface. The fact that this continuous Pascal’s surface has real values in between the binomial coefficients makes it appealing as being a mathematical concept encompassing all the coefficients of all the reliability polynomials (which are integers, as resulting from counting processes) and more. This means that, the coefficients of any reliability polynomial can be represented as discrete steps (on level curves of integer values) on Pascal’s surface. The equation of this surface was formulated by means of the gamma function, for which quite a few approximation formulas are known. Therefore, we have started by reviewing many of those results, and have used a selection of those approximations for the level curves problem on Pascal’s surface. Towards the end, we present fresh simulations supporting the claim that some of these could be quite useful, as being both (reasonably) easy to calculate as well as fairly accurate.
Factores asociados al uso del respirador N95 en universitarios en lo cotidiano de la COVID-19
Authors: Huaman Jhon Alex Zeladita , Moncada María Josefa Arcaya , Chapoñan Roberto Zegarra , Sánchez Gilmer Solis , Nitschke Rosane Gonçalves , Huayta Iris Jara
Published: July 2022

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar los factores asociados al uso del respirador N95 en estudiantes de Enfermería y Medicina Humana en lo cotidiano de la pandemia COVID-19. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo-analítico transversal realizado en el año 2020. Participaron 830 estudiantes de tres universidades de Perú. Se evaluaron asociaciones mediante Chi Cuadrado de Pearson y modelamiento multivariado de Poisson con link log. Resultados: Se encontró diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre la preferencia de usar el respirador N95 en comparación con las mascarillas según la actividad que desempeñan (p=0,001) y lugar de residencia (p=0,005). El análisis multivariado reportó que las características asociadas fueron la edad, la actividad que desempeña, percepción y miedo de que podrían infectarse con COVID-19. Conclusión: En la preferencia de elegir el respirador N95, intervienen factores individuales y las percepciones. Se necesitan espacios para discutir lo cotidiano, la manera de vivir, cuidar y educar; considerando dimensiones socioeconómicas y creencias.
Beliefs, knowledge, actions of nursing techniques in breastfeeding in pain management in immunization
Authors: Rosa Isadora Trinquinato , Rossato Lisabelle Mariano , Guedes Danila Maria Batista , Fogaça Vanessa Dias , Domingues Flávia , Silva Lucía
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: Understand the beliefs, knowledge, and actions of nursing technicians on breastfeeding as a form of non-pharmacological intervention to relieve pain in newborns and infants during immunization. Methods: Qualitative study carried out through semi-structured interviews with nine nursing technicians from three Basic Health Units in a city in the state of São Paulo. The theoretical approach of the Belief Model and the methodological framework of Thematic Analysis supported this study. Results: Three themes originated: Beliefs, Knowledge, and Actions of nursing technicians. Final considerations: Despite knowledge about the benefits of breastfeeding as the most effective method for relieving pain in newborns and infants during vaccination, their restrictive beliefs overrode the evidence, leading them to act in ways that discourage or prevent the mother from breastfeed during vaccination. Formal training is recommended to align with current evidence-based practices.
Crenças, conhecimento, ações de técnicas de enfermagem na amamentação no manejo da dor na imunização
Authors: Rosa Isadora Trinquinato , Rossato Lisabelle Mariano , Guedes Danila Maria Batista , Fogaça Vanessa Dias , Domingues Flávia , Silva Lucía
Published: July 2022

RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender as crenças, o conhecimento e as ações das técnicas de enfermagem sobre a amamentação como forma de intervenção não farmacológica no alívio da dor em recém-nascidos e em lactentes durante a imunização. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo realizado mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas com nove técnicas de enfermagem de três Unidades Básicas de Saúde de uma cidade do estado de São Paulo. A abordagem teórica do Modelo de Crenças e o referencial metodológico da Análise Temática ampararam este estudo. Resultados: Originaram-se três temas: Crenças, Conhecimento e Ações das técnicas de enfermagem. Considerações finais: Apesar do conhecimento sobre os benefícios da amamentação como o método mais eficaz para o alívio da dor em recém nascidos e lactentes durante a vacinação, suas crenças restritivas sobrepuseram-se à evidência, levando-as a agir de modo a desencorajar ou impedir a mãe de amamentar durante a vacinação. Recomenda-se treinamento formal para alinhamento de práticas atuais baseadas em evidências.
Nursing protocol for children with sickle cell disease in emergency room: a convergent-care approach
Authors: Teixeira Juliane Batista Costa , Morais Aisiane Cedraz , Santos Viviane Euzébia Pereira , Santos Deisy Vital dos , Carvalho Evanilda Souza de Santana , Miranda Juliana de Oliveira Freitas , Brito Luana Santana , Martins Lucas Amaral
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the methodological process of developing a nursing care protocol for children with sickle cell disease in the emergency room. Method: convergent care research, carried out in a public pediatric hospital in the state of Bahia, with 12 emergency nurses specialist. Data production took place between July 2020 and April 2021, with semi-structured interviews, observation in a field diary and convergence groups, according to the research phases: conception, instrumentation, scrutiny and analysis. Results: The final result was the construction of a nursing care protocol for children with sickle cell disease in the emergency room for use in the study field. Final considerations: the Convergent Care Research proved to be an excellent methodological procedure for intervention in the health service, whose nursing care protocol was based on the reflections of professionals on evidence-based practices, whose consensus can enable safe and quality care.
Dialéctica de la experiencia en Merleau-Ponty y Adorno
Authors: Gamboa Leonardo Verano
Published: July 2022

Resumen: El texto propone un diálogo entre fenomenología y teoría crítica, concretamente en Merleau-Ponty y Adorno. Sostenemos que la labor asignada por ellos a la filosofía pone en evidencia una concepción dialéctica de la experiencia en la que se reivindica el sentido de ésta como experiencia viva (lebendige Erfahrung). No obstante las fuertes objeciones dirigidas a la fenomenología por Adorno, Horkheimer y Marcuse, identificamos a modo de introducción la negatividad de la experiencia como rasgo característico en Husserl, Heidegger y Merleau-Ponty. En segundo lugar, nos ocupamos de la concepción de percepción como experiencia sensible en Merleau-Ponty, con el fin de precisar el sentido dialéctico de esta. En tercer lugar, señalamos la importancia que Adorno asigna al trabajo conceptual de la filosofía con el propósito de ver el sentido dialéctico de este que lo vincula a la experiencia viva de las cosas. Por último, identificamos a modo de conclusión puntos de encuentro en la concepción de la dialéctica en ambos autores y presentamos una reflexión sobre la actualidad de esta.
Ética dialética da Interpretação: A hermenêutica romântica de Friedrich Schleiermacher
Authors: Mancilla Mauricio
Published: July 2022

Resumo: O artigo a seguir tem como objetivo expor o pensamento hermenêutico de Friedrich Schleiermacher (1768-1834), levando em conta o contexto germinativo fértil de sua obra e sua influente posição filosófica, no âmbito do “primeiro romantismo alemão” (Frühromantik). Schleiermacher renuncia a um importante fundamento transcendental a-histórico, em favor de uma compreensão situada, a qual se configura através do diálogo. A hipótese central deste artigo alerta que o desenvolvimento paralelo e sistemático das lições sobre ética, dialética e hermenêutica, em Schleiermacher, não é mera coincidência, muito menos um sintoma isolado, senão que revela um projeto de caráter orgânico. Por um lado, será examinado - à luz de seus textos - o papel da linguagem como variável histórica e social para a compreensão e, por outro, algumas reflexões sobre as novas possibilidades de seu método hermenêutico e suas implicações, para a reflexão filosófica contemporânea.
ANALYSIS OF SPORTS BEHAVIOR AND THE CURRENT SITUATION OF YOUNG STUDENTS UNDER THE BACKGROUND OF COVID-19
Authors: Zhao Mingzhe
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction With the repeated covid-19 epidemic, people have gradually realized the importance of physical exercise, so the sports enthusiasm of young students has also been improved to a certain extent. Objective Analyze the sports behavior and status in adolescent students under the background of covid-19. Methods A questionnaire survey was used in this paper. The questionnaire design is carried out from three aspects: current exercise status, changes of physical exercise, and sports behavior motivation of young students. Results Students and parents prefer exercises at home or in the open space of a relatively safe and single community, choosing non-contact sports that can be completed by a single person or are far away from each other. Improvement in both frequency and duration of exercise was observed in the young students, and most had a gain in psychological quality. Conclusion Physical education teachers must fully match the actual situation of the epidemic’s current development by choosing effective teaching methods to promote the continuous development of young students’ physical quality. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
APPLICATION OF ATHLETIC TRAINING IN THE FIELD FOR UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: Lei MA
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction There was a delay in China for the implementation of athletic physical training, often opting for technical and repetitive movements in their teaching method, resulting in an unsatisfactory didactic model. Objective Innovate physical training technology for teaching athletics in colleges and universities. Methods 80 students in two college and university athletics sports classes were submitted to two weekly athletics classes lasting 60 minutes. This paper measured and collected data before and after the battery of exercises, comparing the results pertinent to the group’s physical fitness. All training lasted eight weeks. After this period, the relevant indices were measured again, ranked, and compared. Results The research shows that physical training can improve students’ athletic performance in different grades, and the effect of athletic gain in students with lower initial performance is more significant. At the same time, strengthening physical training can effectively improve the basal performance of athletics and reduce the occurrence of sports injuries, ensuring the safety of the sports experienced. Conclusion Physical training can promote positive performance in athletics, deserving further research to popularize the implementation of athletic training in athletics for colleges and universities. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.
A HOME-BASED SPORTS TRAINING IN PHYSICAL HEALTH PROMOTION FOR UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: Lifeng Xu
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction Physical education classes in universities have migrated to online teaching aiming to reduce the risk of infection under epidemic prevention and control normalization. However, the impact of home-based physical training on the physical health of university students is not complete because the home-based physical training program could not be adjusted in a timely manner. Objective Analyze the current situation of home-based sports training and its effect on the health of college students. Methods A questionnaire has been employed in order to analyze the current situation of home-based sports training. Sixty individuals were selected, distributed into experimental (n=30) and control group (n=30). The control group was without specific physical training while the experimental group received online monitoring from physical education teachers to perform sports training at home, three times a week, one hour a day, for a total of two months. Pre- and post-training changes were compared by in-person fitness tests. Results were contrasted via Excel and SPSS. Results Home fitness training can be accomplished in many ways, with the virtual physical education class being a primary option. The results of the influence of home-based physical training on changes in physical function of University students are considerable (P < 0.05). Conclusion Through comparison of fitness test results, home-based physical training was found to have a beneficial effect on the physical performance of college students and can be safely replicated in institutions. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies: investigation of treatment outcomes.
APPLICATION OF FUNCTIONAL TRAINING IN SOCCER FITNESS
Authors: Wang BiHan , Zhang Yu
Published: July 2022

ABSTRACT Introduction Although Chinese soccer has experienced many updates in its methods, there is still a large gap in players’ physical endurance compared to the world powers. Therefore, strengthening soccer players’ physical endurance through specific training methods is important in optimizing current performance. Objective Study the application of functional training in soccer players’ physical conditioning. Methods 20 junior soccer physical education student-athletes in colleges and universities were selected as the research object. The global functional training was divided into three stages: practice, adaptation, and promotion. Data were compared, integrated, and analyzed before and after the intervention. Results Conducting targeted functional training for soccer players can effectively increase athletes’ physical endurance, reducing sports injuries and improving overall fitness scores at the technical and stability level. Conclusion From the research of this article, it can be seen that there is a lack of physical fitness and technical strength in Chinese soccer today. The performance of targeted functional training is relevant and should be applied to soccer training. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.