bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) in Preventing and Suppressing the Practice of Money Politics
Authors:   Indonesia State Administration Agency, Soantahon Sherwin Mikhael
Published: September 2024

This study aimed to analyze the constrained role of the State Civil Apparatus (ASN) in suppressing the practice of money politics which contributes to high-cost elections during general elections. ASN’s political activities are heavily restricted, limiting its ability to actively and directly engage in the electoral process. However, statutory provisions also mandate that ASN serve as both the implementer of public policy—an inherently political product—and as a unifying force for the nation. In its role as a unifier, ASN must actively contribute to ensuring that elections are conducted fairly and appropriately for the future of the nation. The object of this study was to examine the limited authority and role of ASN in suppressing the practice of money politics. The study employed a qualitative descriptive analysis to explore the issue from the ASN’s perspective, focusing on the potential contributions of its authority and role in enhancing the quality of elections. The findings indicated that ASN can leverage its authority and role both individually and institutionally to suppress money politics practices. Individually, ASN members can contribute through socialization, advocacy, political education, information dissemination, and anti-money politics campaigns. Institutionally, contributions can be made by strengthening regulatory and policy frameworks, enhancing the integrity and capabilities of ASN personnel, conducting studies, analyses, and discussions to improve electoral process quality, and enforcing strict sanctions against perpetrators of money politics.
Transparency of Fund Usage for the 2019 Legislative Elections in the Special Region of Yogyakarta
Authors:   Dinas Perpustakaan dan Arsip Daerah DIY, Sujatmiati Sujatmiati , Wiranto Erham Budi ,   Islamic State University Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
Published: September 2024

This research stems from the issue of lack of transparency in the use of government funds by political parties in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) during the 2019 Legislative Elections, particularly regarding campaign funds. This lack of transparency raises various issues, such as discrepancies in the reporting of fund usage, insufficient alignment in transparency, and the absence of strict sanctions from the election organizers. These conditions trigger suspicion, apathetic attitudes, and weak coordinated efforts, which potentially undermine the principles of justice in democracy. Data were collected through interviews, documentation, and analyzed descriptively based on four transparency indicators: document availability, clarity of information, process openness, and regulatory framework. The research findings indicate discrepancies and misalignment in the transparency of campaign fund reporting in the 2019 Legislative Elections, as well as minimal sanctions from the election organizers. This results in increased suspicion, apathetic attitudes, and weak coordination, which threaten the principles of justice in democracy.
Reforms of Political Finance: Strengthening Democracy by Reducing the Impact of High-Cost Politics
Authors:   Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Dirkareshza Rianda , Simanjuntak Anni Alvionita , Zaifa Gilang Abi
Published: September 2024

This study has two objectives: First, to examine high-cost politics in Indonesian elections; Second, to propose measures to strengthen the Ministry of Home Affairs’ authority in political finance supervision and enhance regulations to promote electoral transparency, using the recent Indonesian elections as a case study. Indonesia’s political process is characterized by high-cost politics, where candidates often face pressure to raise substantial funds to finance their election campaigns. Consequently, elections, meant to serve as a democratic platform for all Indonesians, frequently become subject to abuse by individuals seeking to attain power. The primary goal of this study is to gain a comprehensive understanding of the high-cost politics in Indonesian elections and its impacts on democratic integrity. The study utilized a normative juridical methodology, incorporating statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicated that transactional and money politics, along with high-cost politics in Indonesia’s elections, pose a serious threat to democracy. The Ministry of Home Affairs and the General Election Supervisory Agency must strengthen their legal instruments to monitor political party finances. Furthermore, political actors must be encouraged to reduce high-cost politics.
VALIDAÇÃO DO ENSAIO QMS TEICOPLANINA THERMO SCIENTIFIC PARA PLATAFORMA ROCHE
Authors: Watanabe MJL , Moreno MM , Gomes SR , Batista MC
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar o desempenho analítico do ensaio QMS teicoplanina, por se tratar de um antibiótico da classe dos glicopetídeos, sendo indicado para o tratamento de infecções por bactérias Gram positivas; apresenta-se como boa alternativa aos betalactâmicos em pacientes alérgicos e no tratamento de infecções por estafilococos resistentes à oxacilina. Similar à vancomicina, mas com maior lipossolubilidade, que resulta em melhor penetração tecidual e meia-vida prolongada, além de menor toxicidade. A orientação da terapêutica baseada em níveis séricos contribui para redução ainda mais expressiva dos efeitos adversos, assim como para atingir níveis terapêuticos adequados. Método: Amostras séricas de teicoplanina da rotina do laboratório, previamente dosadas em laboratório de apoio na mesma metodologia, foram redosadas no equipamento Cobas C 501 – Roche, com o ensaio teicoplanina da marca Thermo Scientific em canal aberto. Trata-se de um imunoensaio turbidimétrico homogêneo melhorado por partículas, que se baseia na concorrência por locais de ligação de anticorpos do reagente do anticorpo de teicoplanina entre o fármaco na amostra e o fármaco que cobre uma micropartícula. A acurácia foi avaliada com 39 amostras coletadas do nosso serviço, dosadas no Cobas C 501, sendo 29 de indivíduos em uso do fármaco e 10 sem o uso dele. A variação intra e interensaio foi estabelecida em duas amostras dosadas quatro vezes, durante cinco dias. Conclusão: A variação intra e interensaio foi de 4,58% e 3,44% em 16,27 e 21,87 μg/ml, respectivamente. O coeficiente de correlação foi 0,997, intersecção com Y 0,9236x. Concluímos que o novo ensaio para dosagem de teicoplanina apresenta excelente precisão, além de exibir ótima correlação com a metodologia do laboratório de apoio. Referência: 1. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2014; 52(6): 879-887.
AVALIAÇÃO DOS NÍVEIS DE VITAMINA D EM PACIENTES COM FIBRILAÇÃO ATRIAL
Authors: Costa LBX , Duarte RCF , Martins GLM , Carvalho MG , Reis HJ , Borges KBG , Silva IFO , Ferreira CN
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar os níveis de vitamina D em pacientes com fibrilação atrial (FA) em comparação com um grupo-controle em uma população brasileira. Método: Foram selecionados 85 pacientes com diagnóstico de FA e 62 indivíduos saudáveis (controle). Os parâmetros bioquímicos foram determinados pelo sistema Vitros, e os níveis plasmáticos de vitamina D foram medidos em amostras de soro por ensaio imunoenzimático (Elisa). As análises estatísticas foram realizadas pelo programa PRISMA, versão 5.0, utilizando os testes Student t (distribuição normal) e de Mann-Whitney (distribuição não normal) para comparar os grupos. Um valor de p < 0,05 foi considerado significativo. Conclusão: Os níveis plasmáticos de vitamina D, cuja ação tem sido implicada na patologia de várias doenças cardiovasculares, incluindo a FA, não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os grupos FA e controle. De fato, a associação entre deficiência de vitamina D e o aumento de anormalidades eletrocardiográficas tem sido observada. No entanto, a relação causal entre os níveis circulantes de vitamina D e o risco de FA não está totalmente elucidada, havendo resultados controversos ou inconsistentes. Nosso resultado indica que vitamina D não está associada a FA, sugerindo que os níveis plasmáticos desse marcador não se alteram na patofisiologia da arritmia. Referência: 1. Autier P, Boniol M, Pizot C, Mullie P. Vitamin D status and ill health: a systematic review. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2014; 2: 76-89. 2. Pilz S, Verheyen N, Grübler MR, Tomaschitz A, März W. Vitamin D and cardiovascular disease prevention. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2016; 13: 404-417. 3. Jenkins DJ, Spence JD, Giovannucci EL, et al. Supplemental vitamins and minerals for CVD prevention and treatment. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018; 71: 2570-2584. 4. Manson JE, Cook NR, Lee IM, et al. Vitamin D supplements and prevention of cancer and cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med. 2019; 3: 33-44.
ANÁLISE DO DESEMPENHO ANALÍTICO DAS DOSAGENS BIOQUÍMICAS URINÁRIAS SEM A UTILIZAÇÃO DO CONSERVANTE ÁCIDO CLORÍDRICO 50% (HCL 50%)
Authors: Silva LHT , Campos JR , Fernandes AB , Cabral EDL
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Verificar o desempenho analítico das dosagens bioquímicas em amostras de urina recente e de 24 horas, com e sem a adição de conservante ácido (HCL 50%). Método: Foram selecionadas 36 amostras de urina com diferentes níveis de concentração para comparar o desempenho, com e sem a utilização do consevante ácido. Foram realizadas as dosagens de fósforo (IP), magnésio (Mg) e cálcio (Ca) no equipamento Atellica CH Siemens®. A verificação de métodos é considerada aprovada se o erro total nos dois níveis de decisão for inferior ao máximo permitido pela especificação da qualidade analítica definida pelo laboratório (especificação desejável da variação biológica – Carmem Ricos). Conclusão: Após análise estatística, obtiveram-se os seguintes resultados: • fósforo – coeficiente de correlação entre os métodos 1,00; erro total (N1): 7,72%; erro total (N2): 2,98%. Erro total máximo permitido (ETMP): 22,1%; • magnésio – coeficiente de correlação entre os métodos 0,997; erro total (N1): 10,91%; erro total (N2): 6,01%; ETMP: 45%; • cálcio – coeficiente de correlação entre os métodos 0,999; erro total (N1): 8,44%; erro total (N2): 4,32%; ETMP: 34,13%. O erro total obtido em todas as análises foi inferior ao especificado pelo laboratório. A substituição da manipulação de conservantes impacta na redução de custos, demonstra um aprimoramento na gestão de riscos (minimizando a manipulação de agentes ácidos) e reforça a segurança do paciente e também a dos colaboradores, minimizando o risco de acidentes e incidentes de trabalho, pois os conservantes, mesmo que em baixas concentrações, possuem ação corrosiva e tóxica. Conclui-se que o desempenho da dosagem de amostras de urina para fósforo, magnésio e cálcio, sem a utilização de conservante, é comparável com a dosagem com a utilização de conservante ácido.
VERIFICAÇÃO DE DESEMPENHO DO REAGENTE PARA DETECÇÃO DE ANTICORPOS ANTIENDOMÍSIO IGA E IGG, UTILIZANDO SUBSTRATO CONTENDO FÍGADO DE MACACO
Authors: Lima GLN , Campos JR , Fernandes AB , Cabral EDL , Santos LS
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar o desempenho do kit comercial para detecção de anticorpos antiendomísio IgA e IgG, utilizando substrato de fígado de macaco. Método: Foram incluídas 85 amostras previamente analisadas no substrato de esôfago, sendo caracterizadas como: 36 não reagentes e seis reagentes para endomísio IgA; 41 não reagentes e duas reagentes para endomísio IgG. As lâminas contendo substrato fígado de macaco foram preparadas no equipamento Sprinter XL, utilizando kit Euroimmun® pelo método de imunofluorescência indireta para posterior leitura em microscópio de ultravioleta. Para análise estatística, foi utilizada a tabela 2 × 2 Contingency Calculator – Westgard. As amostras reagentes foram tituladas e foi realizada uma avaliação qualitativa dos resultados entre as amostras reagente e não reagente. Conclusão: Após análise estatística dos dados, obtiveram-se os seguintes resultados: endomísio IgA – concordância positiva: 100% IC95% (61% a 100%); concordância negativa: 100% IC95% (90,4% a 100%). Endomísio IgG – concordância positiva: 100% IC95% (34,2% a 100%); concordância negativa: 100% IC95% (91,4% a 100%). Na avaliação do erro sistemático, uma amostra de controle externo para o antiendomísio IgA apresentou diferença de dois títulos para cima, porém, a titulação de 1:320 que foi obtida está dentro da titulação apresentada pelo grupo avaliado, sendo classificada como adequada. As demais amostras não apresentaram diferença de título ou a diferença foi de até um título. Conclui-se que a lâmina contendo substrato de fígado de macaco pode ser utilizada como alternativa ao substrato de esôfago para detecção de anticorpos antiendomísio IgA e IgG. Referência: 1. Wolf J. Primate liver tissue as an alternative substrate for endomysium antibody immunofluorescence testing in diagnostics of paediatric coeliac disease. Clin Chim Acta. 2,16; 460: 72-7.
ESTUDO DE IMPACTO DA READEQUAÇÃO DA GESTÃO DE FASE PRÉ-ANALÍTICA × CONTAMINAÇÃO DE COLETAS DE URINA
Authors: Kretzer K , Vieira ADC , Sousa GCS , Nery LFA , Araujo CM , Barreto BO
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar o indicador de contaminação de uroculturas, após sensibilização da equipe no Item 08 da norma PALC/2021, no que diz respeito às boas práticas para prevenir contaminação na coleta de urina. Método: Foram programados cursos específicos no calendário anual de desenvolvimento sobre orientações pré-analíticas para prevenir contaminação de coleta de urina. Além dos treinamentos, o monitoramento das amostras de urinas contaminadas foi estratificado por unidade de negócio, objetivando promover ações assertivas voltadas para cada posto de coleta. Concomitante às ações de desenvolvimento, foi realizada revalidação da rota de transporte de amostras biológicas, visando ao atendimento dos itens 8.13 e 8.14 da Norma PALC/2021. Conclusão: Do total de exames realizados no primeiro quadrimestre de 2022, observamos que, antes das capacitações, tínhamos, em média, 9% de contaminação das amostras. Após estimulação e conscientização da equipe, bem como revalidação das rotas, constatamos uma redução da contaminação para 4,6%, sendo a redução de forma sistêmica para todas as unidades. O processo continuará a ser monitorado ao longo do ano e a efetividade dos treinamentos relacionados à melhoria contínua será avaliada. Nota-se que, durante o processo, foi importante o engajamento dos líderes para fortalecer o comprometimento dos colaboradores com os cuidados necessários para alinhamento dos processos e mitigação das falhas. Em relação ao indicador, há estudos que indicam que, mesmo quando a coleta é considerada adequada, os índices de contaminação podem variar de 7% a 31%. Apesar de o indicador apresentar valor atual inferior aos dados publicados, é inegável que a eliminação completa dos erros pré-analíticos é um desafio para todos os laboratórios. Entretanto, é fundamental que o paciente seja bem instruído quanto aos procedimentos corretos para a coleta do material biológico, garantindo um resultado fidedigno e condizente com o quadro clínico do paciente.
DESEMPENHO DO TESTE RÁPIDO PARA SARSCOV-2 EM COMPARAÇÃO AO PCR REAL TIME
Authors: Silva LF , Viana LDP , Barreto NCN , Ângelo MCS , Silvestrini BR , Puggina DAB , Aquinos MF
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho entre os kits comerciais, Vyttra (Imunocromatografia) e Allplex SARS-CoV/FLUA/FLUB/RSV Assay (RT-PCR), para a detecção de antígeno do SARS-CoV-2. Método: Foram analisadas 22 amostras da rotina de um laboratório de análises clínicas, selecionadas a partir do kit Allplex SARS-CoV/FLUA/FLUB/RSV Assay RT-PCR (método padrão-ouro), sendo 11 reagentes e 11 não reagentes da mesma coleta. O ensaio apresentou sensibilidade de 89%. A concordância observada foi de 0,95 e o índice kappa foi igual a 0,92, indicando ótima concordância entre os métodos. Foi observada apenas uma discordância de resultado, sendo reagente no método padrão-ouro e não reagente no teste rápido. Conclusão: O resultado entre os kits mostra que o desempenho do teste rápido é importante na triagem da infecção pelo Sars-CoV-2 e pode colaborar na prevenção da disseminação da doença. Referências: 1. Patel R, Babady E, Theel ES, et al. Report from the American Society for Microbiology COVID-19 International Summit, 23 March 2020: value of diagnostic testing for Sars-CoV-2/COVID-19. MBio [Internet]. 28 de abril de 2020; 11(2): e00722-20. 2. Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Guia de vigilância epidemiológica. Emergência de saúde pública de importância nacional pela doença pelo coronavírus 2019. Brasília; 2020.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA RELAÇÃO ALBUMINA/ CREATININA NO EXAME DE URINA ROTINA COMO TRIAGEM DA FUNÇÃO GLOMERULAR
Authors: Gomes LCM , Marcello Junior HB , Fernandes AB , Campos JR , Cabral EDL
Published: September 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar a contribuição da relação albumina/creatinina no exame de urina rotina para rastreio do ritmo de filtração glomerular (RFG). Método: Foram incluídos neste estudo 1148 resultados de urina rotina e dosagem de creatinina sérica de indivíduos que realizaram exames laboratoriais em maio de 2022. A relação albumina/ creatinina urinária foi mensurada utilizando tira reativa Meditape UC-11A em combinação com o instrumento UC-3500 (Sysmex®); os resultados foram considerados alterados quando a relação albumina/creatina (RAC) > 30 mg/g creatinina na tira reagente. Para a dosagem de creatinina sérica, foi utilizado o método colorimétrico Picrato alcalino – reação de Jaffe no equipamento ATELLICA CH Siemens®. O método utilizado para dosagem de creatinina é rastreável ao método definitivo diluição isotópica por espectrometria de massa (IDMS), atendendo as recomendações do National Kidney Disease Education Program (NKDEP). A estimativa do ritmo de filtração glomerular foi calculada pela fórmula do CKD-EPI. Conclusão: Dos 1148 resultados selecionados, 1054 apresentaram RAC < 30 mg/g creatinina e 94 apresentaram RAC > 30 mg/g creatinina. Dos indivíduos com resultado alterado para a RAC (> 30 mg/g creatinina), 76,6% possuíam ritmo de filtração glomerular menor que 90 ml/min/1,73 m2, indicando redução da função renal. Os resultados demonstram a importância da disponibilização da relação albumina/creatinina no exame de urina rotina, sugerindo avaliação complementar do nível sérico de creatinina, proporcionando ao clínico a detecção precoce da doença renal crônica.
واقع تطبيق أسلوب الإدارة بالأهداف لدى مديري المدارس الثانوية الحكومية في لواء بني كنانة وأثره في تطوير الأداء المدرسي من وجهة نظر المعلمين وسُبل تحسينها
Authors: بني خلف* د. ميساء محمد سالم
Published: September 2024

هدفت الدراسة الكشف عن واقع تطبيق أسلوب الإدارة بالأهداف لدى مديري المدارس الثانوية الحكومية في لواء بني كنانة وأثره في تطوير الأداء المدرسي من وجهة نظر المعلمين، والتعرف إلى سُبل تحسين تطبيق هذا الأسلوب. تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي الكمي، من خلال استبانة مكونة من ثلاثة أقسام، وُزعت على عينة مكونة من (379) معلماً ومعلمةً من معلمي المدارس الثانوية الحكومية. وأظهرت النتائج أن واقع تطبيق أسلوب الإدارة بالأهداف جاء بدرجة مرتفعة، وأن أثر تطبيق أسلوب الإدارة بالأهداف في تطوير الأداء المدرسي جاء بدرجة متوسطة، وعدم وجود فروق في واقع تطبيق أسلوب الإدارة بالأهداف تبعاً لمتغيري الجنس، والمؤهل العلمي، ووجود فروق تبعاً لمتغير الخبرة العملية، بين الذين لديهم خبرة عملية (أقل من 5 سنوات)، والذين لديهم خبرة عملية (10 سنوات فأكثر)، لصالح الذين لديهم خبرة عملية (10 سنوات فأكثر)، وبين الذين لديهم خبرة عملية (من 5 -10 سنوات)، والذين لديهم خبرة عملية (10 سنوات فأكثر)، لصالح الذين لديهم خبرة عملية (10 سنوات فأكثر)، كما أظهرت النتائج أن أبرز سُبل تحسين تطبيق أسلوب الإدارة بالأهداف "عقد دورات تدريبية متعلقة في تحديد الأهداف وتقويم الإنجازات لمديري المدارس والمعلمين"، إذ جاء في المرتبة الأولى.
مستوى جودة الحياة لدى النازحين في محافظة تعــــز كمؤشر للصحة النفسية في ضوء بعض المتغيرات
Authors: ثابت* د. بسمة علي عبده , ثابت** د. رزيقة عبد المجيد السيد
Published: September 2024

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على مستوى جودة الحياة النفسية لدى النازحين في محافظه تعز، والكشف عن دلالة الفروق في جودة الحياة تبعاً لمتغيرات: النوع، والعمر، والمستوى التعليمي، والحالة الاجتماعية، والعمل، ومكان النزوح. وتكونت العينة من (267) نازح ونازحة، تم اختيارهم بالطريقة العشوائية، وطبق عليهم مقياس جودة الحياة النفسية إعداد الباحثتان بعد التأكد من معاملي الصدق والثبات. وحللت البيانات إحصائياَ وتوصلت الدراسة إلى أن مستوى جودة الحياة لدى النازحين في محافظة تعز مرتفع، كما توصلت إلى وجود فـروق في جودة الحياة تبعاً لمتغير: المستوى التعليمي إذ ظهر أن متوسط الحاصلين على التعليم الجامعي أعلى من أقرانهم الأميين، وبالنسبة لمتغير العمل ظهرت الفروق لصالح فئة الموظفين عن أقرانهم العاطلين عن العمل. كما ظهرت فروق في متغير مكان النزوح لصالح المقيمين لدى الاقارب، وفيما يتعلق بمتغير: النوع، والعمر، والحالة الاجتماعية لم تظهر فروق بين المتوسطات. وخلصت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من التوصيات والمقترحات.
THE MEDIAN TREE
Authors: Hakobyan H.Ts.
Published: September 2024

Mathematical models in which objects have a finite discrete structure are used to solve a wide range of practical problems. Such are, for example, many problems in auto-matic design, operation research, control theory, network planning, and computational geometry. Often, oriented or non-oriented graphs are considered as such models, which can adequately describe the structure of the problem of interest to us. Among these tasks, a certain place is occupied by tasks related to network issues of optimal placement of ware-houses, certain service points, emergency, medical services, etc. When studying such issues, it becomes necessary to identify, in a certain sense, the central objects in the networks un-der consideration, and in order to find them, the concept of the shortest path between these two given elements plays an essential role.
A definition of the medial vertex of a graph is provided in the article – the vertex whose sum of distances to the others is minimal. The median of a non-oriented tree con-sisting of medial vertices is considered, and it is proved that the median of each such tree has either one vertex or two connected by an edge. This result is a definite generalization of a similar property of the center of a tree consisting of central vertices. The question of the relationship between the center and median of the same tree is also studied. The examples of trees with ten vertices show that such a direct connection does not exist, and there can be all four logically possible cases: the same tree can contain one or two central and one or two medial vertices.
A COMPREHENSIVE SYSTEM FOR DETECTING DEEPFAKE VIDEOS AND AI-GENERATED TEXT
Authors: Nikoghosyan K.H. , Khachatryan T.B. , Harutyunyan E.A. , Galstyan D.M.
Published: September 2024

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has changed from simple rule-based systems to com-plex machine learning models. However, this progress has also made things complicated by introducing the problem of fake content that has spread all over digital platforms. Fake contents in text and video formats pose serious threats like dissemination of misinfor-mation to manipulating public opinion. To combat this challenge, a comprehensive detec-tion system is implemented that uses three different AI models which are Dessa for deep-fake detection, LLMDet for finding the source of text and DeepSpeech for converting speech into-text. Each model serves a vital function; whereas Dessa relies on sophisticated algorithms to differentiate between real and manipulated clips; LLMDet identifies com-puter-generated texts; while DeepSpeech precisely converts spoken words into written texts. This system also consists of a reporter module that generates JSON-formatted structured reports encompassing findings and interpretations from each detection task. The system was tested using both synthetic and natural data which include videos created by synthe-sia.io tool as well as those downloaded from online sources. Through rigorous testing, it was demonstrated that the multi-model AI is highly effective with solid performance results. This work can help researchers who study fake videos and AI-generated texts. It brings together different AI models to solve difficult problems, which could be useful in spotting and dealing with fake content.
DESIGN OF A REFLECTOR ANTENNA IN THE FORM OF A TRUNCATED PARABOLOID
Authors: Khachatryan L.Kh. , Eyramjyan S.G. , Ter-Minasyan K.A.
Published: September 2024

One of the fastest developing areas of radioelectronics are antennas and microwave devices. Antennas are one of the most important functional blocks of different radio engineering systems. Parabolic antennas are the most common unidirectional microwave antennas in radar systems, radio communication and radio astronomy.
A parabolic antenna in the form of truncated paraboloid is developed. The antenna is designed, and its characteristics are calculated using one of the most modern software for electrodynamics modeling, FEKO, which represents a new approach to the design of three-dimensional microwave devices.
The visualized results of calculations of a parabolic antenna in the form of a truncated paraboloid, which are displayed in the form of graphs. As a radiator for the designed antenna a circular open-ended waveguide is chosen, which consists of two parts – the rectangular and the circular waveguides. For the developed antenna, the radiation patterns in the polar system in E and H planes, and the gain and voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) are presented, designed in FEKO software. The value of the main lobe of the pattern at half power 〖2θ〗_0,5 and 〖 2φ〗_0,5 is calculated. The structure of the real antenna is shown. The results of comparisons of the values of dependency of VSWR on the frequency and radiation patterns of real and designed antennas are introduced. The parameters of the developed antenna were measured using the NI PXI-5630 network vector analyzer and the NI USRP-2901 radio device. The results of experimental studies have shown their compliance with the results of modeling. The developed antenna operates in the 4.6...6 GHz frequency range.
Intestinal parasitic infections among Ukrainian child war refugees living in Warsaw
Authors: Richert Wanesa , Leszczyńska-Pilich Michalina , Kalicki Bolesław , Korzeniewski Krzysztof
Published: September 2024

Introduction and objective

The war and the humanitarian crisis in Ukraine have resulted in a mass migration of millions of Ukrainians into the EU countries. According to the data obtained from Statistics Poland, a governmental agency collecting and publishing the country’s statistical data, the number of Ukrainian children currently living in Poland is approximately 500,000. The massive influx of immigrants into Poland poses a considerable challenge to the national health care sector. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among Ukrainian child war refugees living in Warsaw.

Material and methods

The study involved a total of 25 Ukrainian children, patients of the Clinic of Paediatrics, Nephrology and Paediatric Allergology at the Military Institute of Medicine – National Research Institute in Warsaw. Parasitological diagnostic work-up was carried out in October 2023 at the Department of Epidemiology and Tropical Medicine, the Military Institute of Medicine – National Research Institute in Gdynia. Stool tests for the presence of intestinal parasites were conducted by light microscopy using three different methods (direct smear in Lugol’s solution, decantation with distilled water, Fülleborn’s flotation).

Results

A total of 20% of the children studied (5/25) were found to be infected with potentially pathogenic stramenopile Blastocystis spp. In addition, two of the children were also infected with non-pathogenic Endolimax nana and Entamoeba coli protozoa. There were no infections with nematodes, cestodes or trematodes among the study participants.

Conclusions

The confirmation of potentially pathogenic Blastocystis spp. in stool samples collected from Ukrainian children, war refugees living in Warsaw, justifies the necessity to re-introduce a large-scale routine screening for intestinal parasites in the paediatric population in Poland.
Rhinophyma – surgical efficacy
Authors: Zabielska Bernadeta Anna , Kołpaczyńska Sylwia Agnieszka , Bielarska Agnieszka , Jasek Wojciech
Published: September 2024

Rhinophyma jest rzadką formą trądziku różowatego prowadzącą do deformacji nosa i pogorszenia jakości życia pacjenta. W poniższym artykule przedstawiono przypadek kliniczny 70-letniego pacjenta z zaawansowaną guzowatością, który zgłosił się z zaczerwienieniem, zgrubieniem i deformacją nosa, co znacznie wpływało na jego funkcjonowanie społeczne i psychologiczne. Po wnikliwej ocenie klinicznej zdecydowano się na chirurgiczne usunięcie nadmiernie zgrubiałej tkanki. Po operacji pacjent osiągnął znaczną poprawę estetyki twarzoczaszki oraz doświadczył redukcji objawów z zakresu układu oddechowego. Pomimo rzadkości tego schorzenia, chirurgiczne leczenie rhinophyma może być skuteczną metodą terapeutyczną w przypadkach zaawansowanych zmian nosa, przyczyniającą się do poprawy jakości życia i zadowolenia z wyglądu.
Oral hygiene in 6–13-year-olds undergoing orthodontic therapy: the impact of parental involvement on oral health outcomes
Authors: Czapska Mirella , Babkiewicz-Jahn Kamila , Matuszewska Justyna , Kocoń Marcin , Krygicz Kamila
Published: September 2024

Wstęp

Higiena jamy ustnej jest istotnym elementem podczas leczenia ortodontycznego, zwłaszcza gdy pacjenci korzystają z ruchomych aparatów ortodontycznych. W grupie wiekowej 9–13 lat, kiedy rozwój jamy ustnej jest jeszcze dynamiczny, właściwa higiena może wpłynąć na skuteczność leczenia ortodontycznego i zapobiec powikłaniom, takim jak próchnica czy zapalenie dziąseł. Zaangażowanie rodziców lub opiekunów może znacząco wpłynąć na higienę jamy ustnej dzieci w tej grupie wiekowej.

Cel badania

Celem pracy jest ocena stanu higieny jamy ustnej pacjentów w wieku 9–13 lat korzystających z ruchomych aparatów ortodontycznych, objętych opieką finansowaną ze środków Narodowego
Funduszu Zdrowia. Dodatkowo celem badania było zbadanie wpływu rodziców lub opiekunów na higienę jamy ustnej tych pacjentów.

Metody

Do badania zostali wybrani pacjenci w wieku 9–13 lat, leczeni aparatami ortodontycznymi ruchomymi w ramach Narodowego Funduszu Zdrowia. Stan higieny jamy ustnej pacjentów oceniano przy użyciu standardowych wskaźników, takich jak wskaźnik higieny jamy ustnej (OHI-S) i wskaźniki próchnicy. Rodzice lub opiekunowie pacjentów zostali poproszeni o wypełnienie ankiety dotyczącej higieny jamy ustnej ich dzieci oraz ich zaangażowania w utrzymanie higieny jamy ustnej podczas leczenia ortodontycznego. Dane poddano analizie statystycznej w celu oceny związku pomiędzy wpływem rodziców lub opiekunów a stanem higieny jamy ustnej.

Wnioski

Wnioski z badania mogą pomóc w identyfikacji czynników wpływających na skuteczną higienę jamy ustnej u dzieci stosujących ruchome aparaty ortodontyczne. Wiedza na temat roli rodziców lub opiekunów w dbaniu o higienę jamy ustnej mogłaby pozwolić na opracowanie strategii edukacyjnych mających na celu poprawę stanu higieny jamy ustnej w tej grupie pacjentów.
La teoría algebraica de proposiciones y los reportes de creencias
Authors: Carrasco Figueroa Felipe
Published: September 2024

Los contextos intensionales son aquellos en los que falla el principio de sustitución de términos co-referenciales salva veritate. Un caso particular dentro de estos contextos son los reportes de actitudes proposicionales, esto es, contextos en los que relaciones expresadas por verbos transitivos intensionales (“creer”, “dudar”) vinculan un agente y una proposición. Las concepciones tradicionales que reducen las proposiciones a mundos posibles no han podido dar cuenta de estos contextos porque postulan condiciones de identidad de grano grueso. Esta ha sido una de las motivaciones para la formulación de teorías algebraicas de propiedades, relaciones y proposiciones. El objetivo de este trabajo es explicar cómo esta teoría da cuenta de estos fallos. De acuerdo con estas concepciones, las proposiciones son propiedades 0-ádicas que figuran como elementos dentro de sistemas algebraicos intensionales. Las condiciones de identidad de las proposiciones están determinadas por sus constituyentes y la estructura impuesta por las operaciones algebraicas. Se argumenta que las teorías algebraicas no pueden acomodar los reportes de creencia apelando solamente a las estructuras de las proposiciones, por lo que se requiere suplementar la teoría con modos de presentación.
La necesidad trascendental del cuerpo. El segundo teorema (§3) en el derecho natural de Fichte
Authors: Ferrán Pizarro Feyie
Published: September 2024

El objetivo de esta investigación es regresar al ya famoso segundo teorema que Fichte expone en su Fundamentos del derecho natural de 1796, en específico a cómo se introduce la exhortación como fundamento de la intersubjetividad. Según ciertas posturas, como la de Honneth, la doctrina de la exhortación no lograría justificar las relaciones intersubjetivas como condición trascendental para la constitución de la autoconciencia. Debido a esto, parece difícil situar a Fichte como progenitor de la tradición intersubjetivista. Sin embargo, se sostendrá que este argumento puede ser salvado si 1) se reevalúa el método trascendental de Fichte distinto al expuesto por Kant, 2) se muestra que en realidad el segundo teorema resuelve una contradicción puesta por Fichte en los primeros dos parágrafos y 3) si se completa el argumento de la exhortación con el desarrollo que se hace de la corporalidad en la segunda parte del tratado. Con esto, se podrá dar cuenta que el argumento de la exhortación logra completarse a través del reconocimiento prerreflexivo de una figura humana (Menschliche Gestalt) que Fichte pone como condición trascendental del reconocimiento de un ser racional.
Introduction To The Learner Integration Wheel (LIW) Theory Of Practice
Authors: Joakim Kanyopa Theresia , Makgalwa Matseliso Mokhele
Published: September 2024

Learner integration wheel (LIW) theory of practice was developed in a PhD thesis by Theresia Joakim Kanyopa exploring the understanding and enhancement of learner integration in a selected ex-Model C school in South Africa. The LIW theory in this thesis was described as a social tool that can be used in the delivery of effective learner integration in a selected school. Practically, the LIW theory of practice intends to change the rudimentary practices and programs and peoples’ attitudes in education settings towards the issue of learner integration. The lived experiences of the co-researchers in this PHD study were elicited through the use of multi-stakeholder meetings and the photo-voice visual method which were administered by the researcher. Thus, the current study establishes that the LIW theory of practice if utilised as a vehicle for disseminating the new implementation of learner integration will benefit not only learners but also teachers and the whole school community in schools. It can be conserved that the LIW theory of practice facilitates the implementation of learner integration in schools by bringing together the school, curriculum developers and school community to work hand in hand towards effective learner integration in schools. Therefore, this paper introduces the LIW theory as the theory of practice in addressing challenges in the implementation of learner integration in schools.
Russia as an Object of Scientific Studies in Kyrgyzstan
Authors: Abalova N. Dzh. , Troitsky Y. F. , Pogorelskaya A. M. , Kudayarov K. A.
Published: September 2024

The object of the study is scientific social and  humanitarian  publications devoted to Russia of Kyrgyzstan scientists. These are works in five disciplines: “Russian language and literature”, “political science”, “history”, “economics” and “law”. The purpose of the work is to identify the degree of study and the specificity of research on Russia in Kyrgyzstan in studies on Russian philology, history and political science, and analysis of expert-analytical and scientific-educational materials on economic and legal aspects of research.

Of greatest interest to Kyrgyz researchers is Russian language, which is explained by the status and role of the Russian language in the Kyrgyz Republic and its dominant position in the capital, Bishkek, where all major universities of the republic dealing with Russian topics are located. In the sphere of the other four disciplines, the interests of researchers are limited to historical, political and economic relationships between the two states. The study showed that, in general, the ideological positions of local experts are manifested in a positive or neutral attitude towards Russia,  despite  individual (single) works that contain a negative interpretation of Kyrgyz-Russian relations.
Training Specialists in the Field of Artificial Intelligence at Russia and Central Asian Countries Universities: Ranking Positions and Cooperation Opportunities
Authors: Zhulikov S. E. , Zhulikova O. V.
Published: September 2024

The introduction of artificial intelligence in the economy, increasing its share in the real sector of the economy and accelerating digital transformation require a large number of specialists in this field. States consider the possibilities and prospects of new technologies, regulate issues of their application, security, cooperation, etc. However, all this is important if there are specialists who can develop, implement, adapt, and improve artificial intelligence technologies. No less needed are specialists who will teach how to use AI, work in AI environments, apply AI in the professional sphere and everyday life. Although Russia is not a world leader in this field (according to ratings), but having a good technological research base due to the historically high level of fundamental physics and mathematics education and strong programming schools, it can become a reliable partner and platform for the creation and development of its own centers for training specialists in the field of AI in the countries of Central Asia based on universities with which Russia has established close ties.
Against Whom Was the Polish Army Actually Mobilized on the Eve of the “September Catastrophe” of 1939?
Authors: Grishin Ia. Ia. , Letiaev V. A.
Published: September 2024

The article is dedicated to the 85th anniversary of the outbreak of World War II. This issue remains relevant, especially due to the current confrontation between the West and Russia. In political, public and scientific discourse, the USSR is often blamed for Poland’s defeat. The authors draw attention to a number of facts related to Poland’s preparation for the future war, the plans East (“Wskhud”) and West (“Zahud”), the mobilization plans of the Polish army before the war of 1939. Using documents, memoirs and scientific research, the authors aim to answer the question: against whom was the Polish army actually mobilized on the eve of the “September catastrophe” of 1939?
The Results of the President of Russia Elections in Foreign Countries in 2024 and the Fiasco of the Non-Systemic Opposition
Authors: Bocharov Yu. В.
Published: September 2024

In the article, a personal view of an Israeli student on the results of the presidential election in Russia in 2024. The issues of organization of voting of citizens of the Russian Federation living outside its territory are considered. Analyzed the possible and taken actions of the unsystematic opposition to discredit and fail to vote in the elections of the head of the Russian state in precincts located outside the borders of the territory of Russia. During the research, the results of the elections were considered from different points of view: in the regional aspect, by specific countries and by the election commission of a separate precinct. It was concluded that the non-systemic opposition (primarily located in the EU) has no real opportunities to actively influence the electoral behavior of Russians living outside the Russian Federation at the time of the elections.
Аналіз основних тенденцій у сфері колективних ідентичностей українського суспільства: виклики національній безпеці
Authors: Потапенко В. , Тищенко Ю. , Каплан Ю. , Степико М. , Валевський О. , Литвиненко О. , Лозовий В. , Михайлова О. , Макаров Г. , Здіорук С. , Токман В.
Published: September 2024

Проблема формування української ідентичності набула актуальності в суспільстві у 2014 р., а з 2022 це поняття стало складовою частиною національної безпеки. Традиційно дискусії в цій сфері точаться навколо понять національної та громадянської ідентичності. Складні внутрішні суспільно-політичні процеси, збройна агресія РФ проти України, політика ЄС щодо формування спільної європейської ідентичності – усе це вимагає ширшого комплексного аналізу цих трендів за останнє десятиліття. В аналітичній доповіді проаналізовано основні тенденції у сфері динаміки колективних ідентичностей у нашій країні, включно на тимчасово окупованих територіях, у контексті війни та процесу інтеграції до ЄС. Для політиків, науковців, державних службовців, експертів та широкого загалу читачів.
ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF AUTOTRANSPORT LOAD ON THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT
Authors: М.М. DAULETBAEVA , M.O. ALLAMURATOV , G.D. ANARBEKOVA , R. UTEGALIYEVA , L.М. BAIBOLATOVA , R.M. SHAYKHYNBEKOVA
Published: September 2024

A person lives in an environment where positive and negative sound waves propagate. Today, in urbanized cities, an increasing number of vehicles are the main source of sound distribution. Depending on the intensity of sound emanating from cars, their total magnitude, daily distribution and duration, noise becomes a source of harmful effects on human health. Along with the noise from cars, unburned pollutants from burning fuel also spread. It creates additional stress on the environment, human health, along with sound waves when pollutants accumulate in the city's air. In this regard, the analytical work is based on an analysis of the number of vehicles on the roads of the city of Almaty and their emissions.

Человек живет в среде распространения звуковых волн, положительно и отрицательно влияющих на здоровье. На сегодняшний день на урбанизированных территориях все больше автомобилей являются основными источниками звукового излучения. Интенсивность звука, исходящего от транспорта, его суммарное суточное влияние оказывает сильное негативное воздействие на организм человека. От автотранспорта распространяется не только шум, но и загрязняющие вещества. Эти загрязнители, накапливаясь в воздухе города, наряду со звуковыми волнами несут дополнительную нагрузку на окружающую среду, здоровье человека. Данная работа основана на определении суммарного количества транспортных средств на дорогах г. Алматы и влияния автомобильных выбросов на организм человека.
Understanding antibiotic resistance: Challenges and solutions
Authors: AL Khathami Mohammed Mesfer Musaed , Alenazi Ahmed Mufleh , Alareefi Hind Saad , Alomran Razan Walid
Published: September 2024

Background: Antibiotic resistance (ABR) poses a critical threat to global health, with predictions indicating that by 2050, multi-drug resistant (MDR) infections could lead to approximately 10 million deaths annually, surpassing deaths from cancer and cardiovascular diseases. The overuse and misuse of antibiotics, particularly in agricultural settings, have exacerbated the issue. Aim: This review aims to provide healthcare staff with an understanding of the challenges posed by antibiotic resistance and explore potential solutions. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted, analyzing historical and contemporary data on antibiotic discovery, resistance mechanisms, and current research initiatives aimed at addressing ABR. Results: Key findings indicate that the decline in new antibiotic development since the late 1980s, coupled with the rapid spread of resistance genes, has created an urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. Recent research highlights promising compounds derived from natural sources, including marine fungi and Actinobacteria, which show potential against MDR pathogens. Conclusion: Immediate action is required to combat ABR, including improved antibiotic stewardship, public education, and increased funding for research into new antibiotics. Collaborative efforts among healthcare professionals, researchers, and policymakers are essential to address this escalating crisis.
Synthesizing high-density U₃O₈ powder from UO₂F₂ solution via AUC precipitation
Authors: Nguyen Trong Hung , Nguyen Thanh Thuy
Published: September 2024

Uranium trioxide octaoxide compound - U3O8 is a crucial nuclear material in nuclear technology. It is used as nuclear fuel for research reactors. To achieve this goal, an important characteristic that U3O8 powder must possess is a density ranging from 88-98% of the theoretical density (TD). This paper reports the results of an investigation of the ammonium uranyl carbonate (AUC) precipitation from uranyl fluoride (UO2F2) solution and optimization of sintering parameters for synthesizing high-density U3O8 powder, meeting the specified standards for manufacturing dispersed nuclear fuel for research reactors. The AUC precipitation was conducted using uranyl fluoride (UO2F2) solutions with uranium concentrations ranging from 80 to 120 gL-1 and ammonium carbonate ((NH4)2CO3) concentrations as precipitant were maintained between 200 and 400 gL-1, while the (NH4)2CO3 to U (C/U) molar ratios were kept equal to or greater than 6. The investigated parameters for sintering of the high-density U3O8 nuclear material derived from AUC (ex-AUC U3O8) are the sintering temperature and time. The experimental studies are designed by using the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on a Central Composite Design (CCD). As a result, a regression equation describing the dependency of U3O8 powder density on sintering temperature and time has been established. Based on this equation, the sintering for synthesizing high-density U3O8 powder has been optimized. The regression equation aids in controlling the parameters of the U3O8 powder sintering.
Investigation of quenching phenomena during the relooding phase against the FLECHT-SEASET experiment by using RELAP5/MOD3.3
Authors: Duong Thanh Tung , Tran Thanh Tram , Hoang Tan Hung , Nguyen Thanh Thuy
Published: September 2024

The reflood model of RELAP5/MOD3.3 (patch 4) was assessed by using the FLECHT-SEASET tests. The tests were conducted to have a better understanding of the postulated loss of coolant accident in a light water reactor (LWR). The best-estimate system analysis code was used to simulate these accident scenarios, especially in Design Basic Accident such as Loss-Of-Coolant-Accident (LOCA). The primary purpose of this report was to assess the accuracy of a computer system analysis code by using RELAP5/MOD3.3 in comparison to actual test results taken from the FLECHT-SEASET tests in which the reflood model was built in. In RELAP5’s simulation cases, the various boundary and initial conditions, such as power supplied and reflooding rate were selected. As a result, the RELAP5 looked to be accurate in predicting the quenching time and rod surface temperature for this particular case. However, the RELAP5 code under-estimated the rod surface temperature in comparing with the experimental data of the FLECHT-SEASET tests. Accordingly, for this high flooding rate and particular reactor power level that the reflooding model in RELAP5 could be possible used for predicting the reflooding phenomena during the LOCA accident.