bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring Chinese Senior High School Students’ L2 Motivational Self System
Authors: Zhang Yu , Liu Honggang
Published: December 2022

In this paper we report the results of an investigation into the levels of motivation related to English learning among Chinese senior high school students based on the L2 Motivational Self System (L2MSS). The study also investigates the factors that affect the motivation of Chinese students to learn English during the course of their senior high school studies. In this mixed-methods study we applied questionnaires and semi-structured interviews to acquire our data. A total of 934 high school students responded to the questionnaire and seven students were interviewed. According to the results, there was a moderate level of L2MSS among the senior high school students. The level of their L2 learning experience ranked highest among the three dimensions, followed by the level of their ideal L2 self and the level of their ought-to L2 self. Additionally, the results indicated that the students’ ideal L2 self was shaped by their educational level, their attitudes towards English as an instructional language, and their cultural background. The students’ psychological and mental development also had an influence on their construction of their ideal L2 self. The parents’ expectations and school requirements as well as China’s educational environment all had an effect on their ought-to L2 selves. It was also found that the students’ L2 learning experience was mainly impacted by their teacher’s teaching approaches and the classroom atmosphere.
The Effectiveness of The STEM Approach on Science Process Skills in Studying Reaction Rate
Authors: Rahmawati Dwi Fitri , Fadhilah Raudhatul
Published: December 2022

The students' low science process skills are caused by learning that is still dominated by the teacher, so it is necessary to develop a learning approach that focuses students in the learning process. One approach that can be used is learning that integrates science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). This study aims to measure the improvement of students' science process skills that are integrated with the STEM approach on the reaction rate material. This research is a quantitative research with a pre-experimental design type, one group pretest-posttest with a sample of 30 students from class XI SMA Negeri 9 Pontianak, taken by random sampling technique. The data collection tool used is a subjective test of science process skills. The results showed that there was an effect of the STEM approach on the students' science process skills on the reaction rate material, with a score of 76.11, good criteria. Among the aspects of science process skills measured, including observation, classifying, calculating, predicting, inferring, and communication, the communication aspect of students experienced a significant increase from a score of 3.33 to 91.1. This study shows that the STEM approach to reaction rate learning effectively improves students' science process skills.
Mathematics, Gender and the Meaning in Life: The Results of PISA testing in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Memisevic Haris , Biscevic Inga
Published: December 2022

The Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) was developed by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development to measure students’ knowledge and skills needed for today’s society. PISA is a large-scale assessment of 15-year-old students in reading, mathematics, and science. In this analysis of PISA data from Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH), we examined the relationship between gender, mathematics achievement, and perceived meaning in life in BIH students. The sample for this analysis comprised 6480 students (3148 females and 3332 males). The results of the analysis revealed a small but statistically significant, negative relationship between mathematics and the student’s perception of the meaning in life. Boys achieved higher scores in mathematics than girls, but the difference was relatively small. In addition, boys’ rating of meaning in life was higher than that of girls. Knowing what factors influence mathematical achievement might help educators create better intervention programs. In conclusion, we provided some possible explanations for these data.
Pemphigus Vulgaris Management in Elderly Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Miura Susanto Prayogi , Siahaan Wisyanti Mian Uli
Published: December 2022

Pemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune disease characterized by mucocutaneous involvement in the form of loose bullae on the skin and mucous membranes. This disorder is typically associated with the poor general condition and can be life-threatening. Furthermore, it has a rare incidence among elders. Pemphigus vulgaris was reported in a 73-year-old female patient. The diagnosis was performed clinically according to the history of the disease course and its typical lesions with a predilection for location. The patient's clinical condition improved after receiving systemic corticosteroids and additional supportivetherapy.
Preservation of Goat Kidneys Using Low Concentration Formalin for Human Anatomy Learning
Authors: Wisesa Sindhu , Muflikhah Khusnul , Mustofa Mustofa , Arjadi Fitranto
Published: December 2022

Background: Exposure to formaldehyde from a preserved cadaver can cause several health problems in students, lecturers, and laboratory technicians working in medical anatomy laboratories. These conditions include respiratory tract irritation and cancer due to acute and chronic exposure, respectively. Lowering the frequency of contact with formaldehyde from preserved organs helps to ensure the safety of students, lecturers, and laboratory technicians. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effectiveness of low concentration formalin as a preservative solution for goat kidneys. The organ was selected due to its anatomical structure similarity to humans.

Method: Goat kidneys with 50-60 ml of volume were collected, washed, immersed in preservative solution, and stored for two months. The samples were then divided into four groups, which were preserved with different formalin concentrations, namely 30%, 20%, 10%, and 5%. The preservation parameters, namely organ structure and integrity, color, springiness, odor, and mold growth were qualitatively described, while the kidney volume was quantitatively measured.

Results: After the samples were preserved for two months, they were observed, and all groups showed similar characteristics. The kidneys preserved with 5% or 10% formalin showed equal volume before and after two months of preservation.

Conclusion: Low concentration formalin has the same effectiveness in preserving goat kidneys as the high concentration. It also has the potential to be applied in human anatomy learning.
Spark plasma sintering of MgAl2O4:Mn2+ transparent ceramic phosphors with low thermal quenching, narrow-band green emission
Authors: Lin Hui , Duan Yutong , Pan Yuxin , Rong Gui Sa Chu , Li Yukun , Hong Ruijin , Zhang Dawei
Published: December 2022

MgAl2O4:Mn2+ transparent ceramics were fabricated by reactive spark plasma sintering (SPS). The ceramic samples show narrow-band green emission under the 450 nm blue light excitation, which is corresponding to 4T1(4 G)-6A1(6S) transition of Mn2+ in the tetrahedral site. The emission peak of the Mg0.93Al2O4:0.07Mn2+ ceramic sample was located at 525 nm with the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) value of 36 nm. The internal quantum yield (IQY) of Mg0.93Al2O4:0.07Mn2+ reached 63%. The emission intensity remained ∼98% at 150 °C compared to its initial value at room temperature, showing excellent thermal quenching performance. The results indicated that MgAl2O4:Mn2+ ceramic phosphor is a promising candidate for high brightness, wide gamut display backlight applications.
Genetic variation in P-element dysgenic sterility is associated with double-strand break repair and alternative splicing of TE transcripts
Authors: Lama Jyoti , Srivastav Satyam , Tasnim Sadia , Hubbard Donald , Hadjipanteli Savana , Smith Brittny R. , Macdonald Stuart J. , Green Llewellyn , Kelleher Erin S.
Published: December 2022

The germline mobilization of transposable elements (TEs) by small RNA mediated silencing pathways is conserved across eukaryotes and critical for ensuring the integrity of gamete genomes. However, genomes are recurrently invaded by novel TEs through horizontal transfer. These invading TEs are not targeted by host small RNAs, and their unregulated activity can cause DNA damage in germline cells and ultimately lead to sterility. Here we use hybrid dysgenesis—a sterility syndrome ofDrosophilacaused by transposition of invadingP-element DNA transposons—to uncover host genetic variants that modulate dysgenic sterility. Using a panel of highly recombinant inbred lines ofDrosophila melanogaster, we identified two linked quantitative trait loci (QTL) that determine the severity of dysgenic sterility in young and old females, respectively. We show that ovaries of fertile genotypes exhibit increased expression of splicing factors that suppress the production of transposase encoding transcripts, which likely reduces the transposition rate and associated DNA damage. We also show that fertile alleles are associated with decreased sensitivity to double-stranded breaks and enhanced DNA repair, explaining their ability to withstand high germline transposition rates. Together, our work reveals a diversity of mechanisms whereby host genotype modulates the cost of an invading TE, and points to genetic variants that were likely beneficial during theP-element invasion.
AAV2/4-RS1 gene therapy in the retinoschisin knockout mouse model of X-linked retinoschisis
Authors: Scruggs Brittni A. , Bhattarai Sajag , Helms Megan , Cherascu Ioana , Salesevic Adisa , Stalter Elliot , Laird Joseph , Baker Sheila A. , Drack Arlene V.
Published: December 2022

Objective

To evaluate efficacy of a novel adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector, AAV2/4-RS1, for retinal rescue in the retinoschisin knockout (Rs1-KO) mouse model of X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS). Brinzolamide (Azopt®), a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, was tested for its ability to potentiate the effects of AAV2/4-RS1.

Methods

AAV2/4-RS1 with a cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter (2x1012 viral genomes/mL) was delivered to Rs1-KO mice via intravitreal (N = 5; 1μL) or subretinal (N = 21; 2μL) injections at postnatal day 60–90. Eleven mice treated with subretinal therapy also received topical Azopt® twice a day. Serial full field electroretinography (ERG) was performed starting at day 50–60 post-injection. Mice were evaluated using a visually guided swim assay (VGSA) in light and dark conditions. The experimental groups were compared to untreated Rs1-KO (N = 11), wild-type (N = 12), and Rs1-KO mice receiving only Azopt® (N = 5). Immunofluorescence staining was performed to assess RS1 protein expression following treatment.

Results

The ERG b/a ratio was significantly higher in the subretinal plus Azopt® (p<0.0001), subretinal without Azopt® (p = 0.0002), and intravitreal (p = 0.01) treated eyes compared to untreated eyes. There was a highly significant subretinal treatment effect on ERG amplitudes collectively at 7–9 months post-injection (p = 0.0003). Cones showed more effect than rods. The subretinal group showed improved time to platform in the dark VGSA compared to untreated mice (p<0.0001). RS1 protein expression was detected in the outer retina in subretinal treated mice and in the inner retina in intravitreal treated mice.

Conclusions

AAV2/4-RS1 shows promise for improving retinal phenotype in the Rs1-KO mouse model. Subretinal delivery was superior to intravitreal. Topical brinzolamide did not improve efficacy. AAV2/4-RS1 may be considered as a potential treatment for XLRS patients.
Profitability determinants of the natural stone industry: Evidence from Spain and Italy
Authors: Zambrano Farías Fernando José , Martínez María del Carmen Valls , Martín-Cervantes Pedro Antonio
Published: December 2022

The natural stone sector is an important driver of the Spanish and Italian economies, which underwent internationalization after the financial crisis of 2008 as part of a survival and development strategy. This article aims to study the financial and economic profitability of this sector in the two leading European production countries, as well as its determinants. For this purpose, the economic-financial data of a sample composed of 453 companies (203 Spanish and 250 Italian) from 2015–2019 were analyzed using the multiple linear regression methodology. To address the problems of possible endogeneity and omission of variables in the model, the dependent variable was used as a regressor with one and two lags, and panel data with fixed effects were considered after performing the Hausman test. The results show significant differences between the two countries, with higher profitability in Italy. Company size, company growth (measured as the change in assets), and the variation in the country’s GDP all positively affected profitability. At the same time, the level of indebtedness showed a negative relationship. The country’s inflation rate and gender diversity in top management were shown to be non-relevant variables. The research conducted indicates that, to increase profitability, Spanish and Italian companies in the natural stone sector should undergo mergers in order to grow in size, increase efficiency in the use of assets, reduce their dependence on external financing, and promote equity capital. In addition, Italian companies should reduce the average period of payment to suppliers to lower deferral costs, and boost exports to become less dependent on the country’s domestic economy.
Non-invasive assessment of fatigue and recovery of inspiratory rib cage muscles during endurance test in healthy individuals
Authors: Wanderley e Lima Thiago Bezerra , Sarmento Antonio , da Silva Vieira Rayane Grayce , de Freitas Castro Esmívany Lhara , Pennati Francesca , Aliverti Andrea , Resqueti Vanessa Regiane , Augusto de Freitas Fregonezi Guilherme
Published: December 2022

Introduction

Fatigue is defined as loss of capacity to develop muscle force and/or velocity that is reversible at rest. We assessed non-invasively the fatigue and recovery of inspiratory rib cage muscles during two respiratory endurance tests in healthy individuals.

Methods

The sniff nasal inspiratory pressure (SNIP) was assessed before and after two respiratory endurance tests: normocapnic hyperpnea (NH) and inspiratory pressure threshold loading (IPTL). Contractile (maximum rate of pressure development and time to peak pressure) and relaxation parameters (maximum relaxation rate [MRR], time constant of pressure decay [τ], and half relaxation time) obtained from sniff curves and shortening velocity and mechanical power estimated using optoelectronic plethysmography were analyzed during SNIP maneuvers. Respiratory muscle activity (electromyography) and tissue oxygenation (near-infrared spectroscopy—NIRS) were obtained during endurance tests and SNIP maneuvers. Fatigue development of inspiratory rib cage muscles was assessed according to the slope of decay of median frequency.

Results

Peak pressure during SNIP decreased after both protocols (p <0.05). MRR, shortening velocity, and mechanical power decreased (p <0.05), whereas τ increased after IPTL (p <0.05). The median frequency of inspiratory rib cage muscles (i.e., sum of sternocleidomastoid, scalene, and parasternal) decreased linearly during IPTL and exponentially during NH, mainly due to the sternocleidomastoid.

Conclusion

Fatigue development behaved differently between protocols and relaxation properties (MRR and τ), shortening velocity, and mechanical power changed only in the IPTL.
A fusion protein comprising pneumococcal surface protein A and a pneumolysin derivate confers protection in a murine model of pneumococcal pneumonia
Authors: dos Santos Tanila Wood , Gonçalves Pedro Almeida , Rodriguez Dunia , Pereira José Aires , Martinez Carlos Augusto Real , Leite Luciana C. C. , Ferraz Lucio F. C. , Converso Thiago Rojas , Darrieux Michelle
Published: December 2022

PspA and pneumolysin are two important vaccine candidates, able to elicit protection in different models of pneumococcal infection. The high immunogenic potential of PspA, combined with a possible adjuvant effect of pneumolysin derivatives (due to their ability to interact with TLR-4) could greatly improve the immunogenicity and coverage of a protein-based pneumococcal vaccine. A chimeric protein including the N-terminal region of PspA in fusion with the pneumolysin derivative, PlD1, has been shown to induce high antibody levels against each protein, and protect mice against invasive challenge. The aim of the present study was to investigate the cellular response induced by such vaccine, and to evaluate protection in a murine model of lobar pneumococcal pneumonia. Pneumococcal pneumonia was induced in BALB/c mice by nasal instillation of a high dose of a serotype 14 strain with low virulence. Airway inflammation was confirmed by total and differential cell counts in BAL and by histological analysis of the lungs, and bacterial loads were measured 7 days after challenge. Cytokine levels were determined in the bronchoalveolar fluid (BALF) of mice immunized with rPspA-PlD1 fusion after challenge, by flow cytometry and ELISA. After challenge, the mice developed lung inflammation with no invasion of other sites, as demonstrated by histological analysis. We detected significant production of TNF-α and IL-6 in the BALF, which correlated with protection against pneumonia in the group immunized with rPspA-PlD1. In conclusion, we found that the rPspA-PlD1fusion is protective against pneumococcal pneumonia in mice, and protection is correlated with an early and controlled local inflammatory response. These results are in agreement with previous data demonstrating the efficacy of the fusion protein against pneumococcal sepsis and reinforce the potential of the rPspA-PlD1 protein chimera as a promising vaccine strategy to prevent pneumococcal disease.
Context and prediction matter for the interpretation of social interactions across species
Authors: Epperlein Theresa , Kovacs Gyula , Oña Linda S. , Amici Federica , Bräuer Juliane
Published: December 2022

Predictions about others’ future actions are crucial during social interactions, in order to react optimally. Another way to assess such interactions is to define the social context of the situations explicitly and categorize them according to their affective content. Here we investigate how humans assess aggressive, playful and neutral interactions between members of three species: human children, dogs and macaques. We presented human participants with short video clips of real-life interactions of dyads of the three species and asked them either to categorize the context of the situation or to predict the outcome of the observed interaction. Participants performed above chance level in assessing social situations in humans, in dogs and in monkeys. How accurately participants predicted and categorized the situations depended both on the species and on the context. Contrary to our hypothesis, participants were not better at assessing aggressive situations than playful or neutral situations. Importantly, participants performed particularly poorly when assessing aggressive behaviour for dogs. Also, participants were not better at assessing social interactions of humans compared to those of other species. We discuss what mechanism humans use to assess social situations and to what extent this skill can also be found in other social species.
Self-correction in science: The effect of retraction on the frequency of citations
Authors: Kühberger Anton , Streit Daniel , Scherndl Thomas
Published: December 2022

We investigate the citation frequency of retracted scientific papers in science. For the period of five years before and after retraction, we counted the citations to papers in a sample of over 3,000 retracted, and a matched sample of another 3,000 non-retracted papers. Retraction led to a decrease in average annual citation frequency from about 5 before, to 2 citations after retraction. In contrast, for non-retracted control papers the citation counts were 4, and 5, respectively. Put differently, we found only a limited effect of retraction: retraction decreased citation frequency only by about 60%, as compared to non-retracted papers. Thus, retracted papers often live on. For effective self-correction the scientific enterprise needs to be more effective in removing retracted papers from the scientific record. We discuss recent proposals to do so.
Can resting heart rate explain the heart rate and parasympathetic responses during rest, exercise, and recovery?
Authors: Garcia Giliard Lago , Porto Luiz Guilherme Grossi , da Cruz Carlos Janssen Gomes , Molina Guilherme Eckhardt
Published: December 2022

The effect of resting heart rate (RHR) on the heart rate (HR) dynamics and parasympathetic modulation at rest, exercise, and recovery remain to be clarified. This study compares HR and parasympathetic responses at rest, during submaximal exercise testing and recovery in young, physically active men with different RHR average values. HR and parasympathetic responses were compared between two groups: bradycardia group–RHR < 60 bpm (BG, n = 20) and normocardia group–RHR ≥ 60 ≤ 100 bpm (NG, n = 20). A Polar RS800® was used to record the RR-interval series and HR at rest in the supine position, following the postural change (from supine to orthostatic position) and in the orthostatic position for 5 minutes, as well as during and after a submaximal exercise testing. Statistical analysis employed the MANOVA, Mann-Whitney, and Simple Linear regression test with a two-tailed p-value set at ≤ 0.05. BG at rest showed lower HR in the orthostatic position, higher parasympathetic activity in the supine and orthostatic positions, and higher parasympathetic reactivity than NG (p ≤ 0.01) after the postural change. BG before exercise showed lower HR and higher values of the chronotropic reserve and parasympathetic withdrawal than NG (p ≤ 0.01) throughout the exercise. Following the exercise, BG showed higher values of HR recovery (HRR) and parasympathetic reactivation in the 3rd and 5th minutes of recovery than NG (p ≤ 0.01). Lastly, the RHR can explain the variance of the HR at rest, during exercise testing, and recovery from 11 to 48%. We concluded that BG (RHR < 60 bpm) showed higher chronotropic and parasympathetic modulation at rest, higher chronotropic reserve, parasympathetic withdrawal during the submaximal exercise test, and faster HRR and parasympathetic reactivation after effort in young physically active men.
New evidence for rice harvesting in the early Neolithic Lower Yangtze River, China
Authors: Wang Jiajing , Zhu Jiangping , Lei Dongrong , Jiang Leping
Published: December 2022

The Lower Yangtze River of China has been identified as an independent center of rice domestication, but tracing the earliest evidence for rice cultivation practices has been challenging. Here we report the first evidence for rice harvesting, based on use-wear and phytolith residue analyses of 52 flaked stone tools (10000–7000 BP) from the Shangshan and Hehuashan sites. The tools reflect two harvesting methods: reaping the panicles at the top and cutting the stalk near the base. Thus, our research provides a new method for investigating prehistoric cereal cultivation, and the data lend support to the evidence of rice domestication in the early Holocene. The results also show the complexity of rice harvesting strategies several millennia before the emergence of full-fledged agriculture in the Lower Yangtze.
Assessment of the performance and challenges in the implementation of the test, treat and track (T3) strategy for malaria control among children under-five years in Ghana
Authors: Kweku Margaret , Der Joyce B. , Blankson William K. , Salisu Haruna M. , Arizie Francis , Ziema Sorengmen A. , Gmanyami Jonathan M. , Aku Fortress Y. , Adjuik Martin
Published: December 2022

Background

The World Health Organization recommended the Test, Treat and Track (T3) strategy for malaria control that, every suspected malaria case should be tested prior to treatment with Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) and tracked. We assessed the performance and challenges in the implementation of T3 strategy among children under-five years in Volta and Oti Regions of Ghana.

Method

A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried in 69 health facilities. Exit interviews were conducted for caregivers of children with fever using a semi-structured questionnaire. Clinicians were interviewed at the out-patient department in each facility. Descriptive statistics was conducted, Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to determine the associations between completion of T3 and independent variables.

Results

Most children, 818/900 (90.9%) were tested for malaria and 600/818 (73.4%) were positive for malaria parasitaemia using rapid diagnostic test. Of those testing positive for malaria, 530/600 (88.3%) received treatment with ACTs. Half, (109/218) of the children testing negative for malaria also received ACTs. Also, 67/82 (81.7%) of children not tested for malaria received ACTs. Only 408/900 (45.3%) children completed T3 with Community Health-based Planning Services (CHPS) compound having the highest completion rate 202/314 (64.3%). CHPS Compounds were 6.55 times more likely to complete T3 compared to the hospitals [(95% CI: 3.77, 11.35), p<0.001]. Health facilities with laboratory services were 2.08 times more likely to complete T3 [(95% CI: 1.55, 2.79), p<0.001] The main challenge identified was clinicians’ perception that RDTs do not give accurate results.

Conclusion

Testing fever cases for malaria before treatment and treating positive cases with ACTs was high. Treating negative cases and those not tested with ACTs was also high. Health facilities having laboratory services and facility being CHPS compounds were key predictors of completing T3. Clinician’s not trusting RDT results can affect the T3 strategy in malaria control. Periodic training/monitoring is required to sustain adherence to the strategy.
Climate change adaptation responses among riparian settlements: A case study from Bangladesh
Authors: Leal Filho Walter , Alam G. M. Monirul , Nagy Gustavo J. , Rahman Mohammad Mahbubur , Roy Sajal , Wolf Franziska , Kovaleva Marina , Saroar Mustafa , Li Chunlan
Published: December 2022

As transition areas between aquatic ecosystems and the adjacent terrestrial ones, riparian regions are highly exposed to coastal climate hazards. This article describes how climate change and extreme weather impact vulnerable riparian communities and settlements. The analysis is done by reviewing past research and empirical case studies from riparian rural communities of the impact zone of the Sundarbans in Bangladesh, the world’s most extensive mangrove forest. The article discusses the climate-related impacts on households through a Severity Index of Vulnerability and assesses the adaptation responses they may pursue. The principal climate-related vulnerabilities and impacts due to increases in temperature, storm surges, sea flooding, and sea-level rise are seawater intrusion and riverbank erosion. Many households have adopted several autonomous reactive adaptation strategies rather than planned ones, to cope with these impacts. However, government organisations and NGOs provide less than optimal technical and financial support to households for planned and anticipatory adaptive responses. The main barriers to adaptation were the high cost of improved crop varieties, inadequate agricultural extension services, and a lack of knowledge on effective climate adaptation. The restoration of the mangrove ecosystem may increase its resilience and, among other things, make local communities less exposed. The article also presents some adaptation measures proper to reduce the climate-related vulnerability of riparian settlements.
Effects of nomadic grazing system and indoor concentrate feeding systems on performance, behavior, blood parameters, and meat quality of finishing lambs
Authors: Sadrarhami Imaneh , Alikhani Masoud , Ghasemi Ebrahim , Mahdavi Amir Hossein , Soltanizadeh Nafiseh , Font-i-Furnols Maria , Hosseini Ghaffari Morteza
Published: December 2022

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of three production systems on growth performance, behavior, blood parameters, carcass characteristics, and meat quality. A total of 30 lambs (n = 10 lambs/treatment) were randomly assigned to three production systems that included rotational grazing (NG) and two different levels of concentrate (CON), one with medium (roughage/concentrate ratio 50:50% based on DM, MC) and one with high concentrate (roughage/concentrate ratio 30:70% based on DM, HC) during the 90-day fattening period. At the start of the experiment, all lambs averaged 90 ± 4 days of age (mean ± SD) and were slaughtered at an average of 180 ± 3 days (mean ± SD). CON-fed lambs had higher average daily gain and loin thickness than NG-fed lambs. The NG lambs spent more time eating, drinking, and standing, but less time resting and rumination than the CON-fed lambs. In addition, plasma lipid, β-hydroxybutyrate, and urea levels were higher, while phosphorus levels were lower in NG-fed lambs than in CON-fed lambs. CON-fed lambs had better carcass yield, but gastrointestinal tract and rumen weights were lower than NG lambs. CON-fed lambs had higher pH values 0 h post mortem than the NG lambs; however, there was no effect of treatment on pH 24 h post mortem. The post-mortem color of the LD muscle of NG lambs had a higher lightness and yellowness index and a lower redness index than that of the LD muscle of CON-fed lambs. The results of this study showed that lambs fed CON had better carcass yield than lambs fed NG, although feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), growth performance, carcass yield, and meat quality of lambs fed MC and HC were similar.
A real-world pharmacovigilance study of FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) events for venetoclax
Authors: Yang Yang , Shu Yamin , Chen Guosong , Yin Yanchao , Li Feie , Li Juan
Published: December 2022

Background

Venetoclax (VEN) is the first selective small molecule Bcl-2 inhibitor approved by FDA and used in adult chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) and some acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the long-term safety of VEN in large sample population was unknown. This study evaluated the adverse events (AEs) of VEN from FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) since its approval in 2016 by data mining.

Methods

The disproportionality analyses, including four algorithms of reporting odd ratio (ROR), proportional reporting ratio (PRR), bayesian configuration promotion neural network (BCPNN), and multi item gamma poisson shrinker (MGPS), were employed to quantify the signals of VEN-associated AEs.

Results

From the FAERS database, a total of 8,379,682 reports were collected during the study period. After removing the duplication, the number of reports with VEN as the primary suspect (PS) was 19,107. The 19,107 cases of AEs involved 27 organ systems, 256 significant PTs which conforming to the four algorithms. Unexpected serious AEs, such as pleural effusion, splenic infarction, atrial fibrillation, skin squamous cell carcinoma, etc., have signals. The median time of occurrence of AEs related to VEN was 31 days (inter quartile range [IQR] 7–131 days), and half of the reported AEs occurred within 1 month after administration.

Conclusion

Our research has found new significant AEs signals of VEN, which improved its safety information in real-world after marketing approval, and contributed to its risk control of use in clinic.
Nursing students’ attitudes and beliefs regarding sexual healthcare in Ethiopia: An online cross-sectional study
Authors: Seid Kalid , Kebede Tesfaye , Dessalegn Nigatu , Ejara Yetemegnehuat , Moga Fikre , Daniel Matusala , Mohammed Nuredin , Hassen Seid
Published: December 2022

Background

Unresolved sexual issues can have an impact on a person’s wellbeing, social interactions, or even medication compliance. Given the enormous global demand to enhance and preserve sexual health, faculty members have a specific goal of developing nursing workforce who are truly prepared to work with clients who have sexual health issues. Hence, the study’s purpose has been to evaluate the current state of attitude and belief of nursing students toward sexual healthcare and the factors that influence it in Southwest Ethiopia.

Methods

An online cross-sectional survey was conducted in Mizan-Tepi University involving 134 undergraduate nursing students from February 1 to March 10, 2022. The Sexual Attitude and Beliefs Scale (SABS) were used to assess the level of attitudes and beliefs regarding sexual care. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) Version 26 was employed for data analysis. Multivariable linear regression analyses was conducted to identify predictors of attitudes and beliefs regarding sexual healthcare. The significance level was set at p<0.05.

Results

The mean age of the nursing students participating in this study was 28.47±5.2. In our study, mean SABS score of the nursing students was found as 42.3 ± 2.1. The mean score of the SABS items ranged from 1.68±0.93 to 4.37±1.48. Having receiving sexual health education (p<0.001) was significantly associated with attitude and beliefs regarding sexual healthcare.

Conclusions

Ethiopian nursing students have been found to have a negative attitude and beliefs about sexual health care. Because comprehensive sex education is sorely lacking in nursing schools, this scrutiny prevents student nurses from receiving an adequate education. As there is a lack of appropriate sexual health subject matter, it is critical to standardize sexual health education in nursing programs so that nursing students can learn to provide comprehensive care to clients.
Estudio sobre el consumo audiovisual de la Generación Z en España
Authors: Cortés Quesada Jose Antonio , Barceló Ugarte Teresa , Fuentes Cortina Gonzalo
Published: December 2022

La transformación del sector televisivo en la última década (2010-2020) se ha visto potenciada por el desarrollo tecnológico, como la aparición de la televisión digital y la transmisión de imágenes a través de la banda ancha. Los espectadores han adquirido un papel protagonista en la elección y creación del contenido audiovisual. En este escenario, los jóvenes no renuncian a la televisión lineal, apostando principalmente por los informativos y programas de entretenimiento. Tras la realización de un estudio cualitativo mediante un focus group y un cuestionario a 400 jóvenes, se demuestra que su consumo es cada vez menor por ser considerada como anticuada y sujeta a un horario y la ficción es vista, casi en su totalidad, a través de las plataformas de contenido en streaming. La Generación Z prefiere visionar contenidos dónde y cómo quieren y, además, la comparten con otros usuarios gracias a las redes sociales. Esta evolución audiovisual provoca una hiperfragmentación de la audiencia y una brecha generacional entre el consumo de la televisión tradicional y los contenidos por streaming.
La brecha entre formación y empleo en el perfil profesional radiofónico
Authors: Díaz Monsalvo Miguel Ángel
Published: December 2022

Los constantes cambios experimentados por el medio radiofónico han provocado una redefinición en el perfil profesional, que atañe al sistema educativo y a experiencias como las radios universitarias. A través de un estudio de caso basado en encuestas y grupo de discusión, los directivos de las principales radios generalistas de Castilla y León y una muestra de egresados con diferentes trayectorias analizan las competencias que deben definir el perfil, las demandadas y las desarrolladas. Se someten los resultados a discusión por parte de los coordinadores de radios universitarias, eslabón intermedio entre educación y ámbito laboral, así como a expertos en educomunicación. Se revelan discrepancias de base en el perfil requerido por los directivos, responsables de reclutar a futuros candidatos, con respecto a las competencias desarrolladas por los alumnos tanto en el Grado como las radios universitarias. La brecha generacional, la percepción del valor del desarrollo tecnológico-digital y los planes de estudio universitarios se erigen en factores de esta divergencia, ante la que se postula formación continua por parte de los agentes implicados, la adaptación a los cambios tecnológicos de la radio y una posible redefinición de los planes de estudio para abarcar de forma integral el desempeño o competencia digital.
Enquiring into a teacher performance assessment: towards intelligent professional responsibility in initial teacher education
Authors: Spina Nerida , Spooner-Lane Rebecca , Mascadri Julia , Briant Elizabeth
Published: December 2022

Teacher education is broadly seen as a policy problem in that it has failed to produce sufficient ‘classroom ready’ teachers. One accountability measure that has been introduced in Australia to address this purported problem is the capstone teacher performance assessments (TPAs). All Australian pre-service teachers must pass this hurdle assessment to be eligible for teacher registration, and all teacher education providers must provide evidence of the effectiveness of their programmes in producing classroom ready teachers to maintain accreditation. The research presented in this article investigated the experiences of a consortium of teacher educators from four Australian universities that implemented a nationally endorsed TPA known as the quality TPA (QTPA). Intelligent professional responsibility was used to consider the experiences and possibilities for educators working in a policy context characterised by increasing accountabilities. Our findings suggest that the introduction of the TPA in Australia created momentum for building collaborative national teacher education partnerships with a focus on improving programme quality and graduate readiness to teach. Our data illustrate how the introduction of a TPA policy mandate in Australia created an external accountability context that allowed for teacher educators to bolster the quality of teacher education programmes from within.
O Continente do Labor
Authors: Shimamoto Simone Vieira de Melo
Published: December 2022

Esta resenha foi escrita por Simone Vieira de Melo Shimamoto, baseada no livro "O Continente do Labor", do autor Ricardo Antunes.Referência:ANTUNES, Ricardo. O Continente do Labor. São Paulo, SP: Boitempo, 2011, 1 ed., 175p.
Implicações dos baixos salários para o trabalho dos professores brasileiros / Low salaries implications on brazilian teachers' work
Authors: Barbosa Andreza
Published: December 2022

Resumo: Considerando a possibilidade de afirmar que os salários recebidos pelos professores brasileiros são baixos, esse artigo buscou analisar e compreender as implicações dessa remuneração para o trabalho docente. Para tanto, foi realizada uma pesquisa de caráter bibliográfico-documental com base em pesquisas relacionadas Ã  remuneração docente e documentos relativos à temática elaborados por organismos internacionais, além da legislação brasileira pertinente ao assunto e dos dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD) de 2008. A análise realizada na referida pesquisa, baseando-se nos estudos e documentos mencionados, possibilitou elencar algumas implicações dos salários para o trabalho dos professores brasileiros. Palavras-chave: trabalho docente; salário docente; políticas educacionais. Abstract: Considering the possibilityof assertingthat salariesreceived bybrazilian teachersare low, this articleseeks to analyzeand understandthe implications ofthis remunerationonteachers' work.Therefore,a bibliographic - documentary survey had been conducted, based on studies relatedtoteacher's salaries and documentsrelatedto thethemeelaboratedbyinternational organizations, in addition to theBrazilian legislationrelevanttothe studyanddatafrom the NationalHousehold Sample Survey(PNAD) 2008.The analysisrealized inthis research,based on thestudies anddocuments referenced, revealed somepossibleimplicationsof salarieson Brazilian teachers' work. Keywords: teachers' work;teachers'salaries;educational policies.
O COMPROMISSO DO IFPR COM O ENSINO PROFISSIONAL TECNOLÓGICO NO ESTADO DO PARANÁ
Authors: Carneiro Leão Gabriel Mathias , Werneque Jacomel Mirele Carolina , Dos Santos Tavares Vanessa
Published: December 2022

O objetivo das discussões arroladas neste texto é o de apontar o perfil institucional e docente do Instituto Federal do Paraná - IFPR, bem como discutir suas políticas de ensino, pesquisa e extensão. Paralelamente, são apresentados os principais índices de produção técnica e acadêmica que têm alavancado a instituição e preparado terreno para a futura proposta de Mestrado Profissional. Evidencia-se, com os dados levantados, que a CAPES tem investido na Rede Federal Tecnológica, contexto no qual o IFPR busca implantar seu Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto sensu para contribuir com a qualidade profissional da sociedade paranaense e brasileira.
ENEM: PONTOS POSITIVOS PARA A EDUCAÇÃO BRASILEIRA
Authors: Malusá Silvana , De Medeiros Ordones Luma Lemos , Ribeiro Elisabete
Published: December 2022

Resumo: Enem: pontos positivos para a educação brasileira. Utilizado como instrumento de avaliação da educação básica brasileira, o Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio - Enem, desde sua criação, difunde seus objetivos e concepções sustentando a ideia de uma educação voltada para o desenvolvimento do raciocínio lógico e para a vida cidadã dos estudantes. Diante de suas ênfases e sua influência na educação brasileira, espera-se uma reforma no ensino médio e, com isso, uma mobilização dos professores que nele atuam, objetivando estimular habilidades indispensáveis nos alunos preparando-os para trajetória acadêmica. Toda essa reestruturação do ensino teve como propósito democratizar o acesso ao ensino superior bem como desenvolver a reorganização do currículo do ensino médio. Essa ação levou as universidades a uma maior autonomia com a opção de uso do Enem em seus processos seletivos e, na atualidade, seu resultado é considerado para ingresso no ensino superior. Este estudoapresenta e discute concepções e objetivos que tornaram o Enem um instrumento para a reforma do ensino médio visando compreender a influência dele na qualidade da educação brasileira. O procedimento metodológico da pesquisa é documental juntamente com artigos científicos sobre o tema.
POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS EM DEFESA DO DIREITO À EDUCAÇÃO: ANÁLISE DOS PROJETOS DE LEI PARA EXPANSÃO DAS CLASSES HOSPITALARES E ATENDIMENTOS PEDAGÓGICOS DOMICILIARES NO BRASIL
Authors: Teixeira de Paula Ercília Maria Angeli , Zaias Elismara , Ramos da Silva Maria Celeste
Published: December 2022

Este artigo analisou as legislações e os Projetos de Lei de diferentes Estados do Brasil que buscam garantir o direito à educação para as crianças e adolescentes hospitalizados e aqueles que precisam de Atendimento Pedagógico em Ambiente Domiciliar. A metodologia utilizada foi á revisão de literatura sobre as legislações e pesquisas sobre Projetos de Lei para Classes Hospitalares e Atendimentos Pedagógicos Domiciliares. Os resultados revelaram que são poucos os Estados nos quais os poderes públicos têm assumido responsabilidades efetivas nestes campos educacionais. Este artigo buscou apresentar os avanços e limites das políticas públicas existentes para a educação em contextos hospitalares e domiciliares.
NIETZSCHE FELSEFESİNDE HAKİKAT PROBLEMİ
Authors: ÇEPİK Rabia
Published: December 2022

Nietzsche, felsefesinde genel olarak hakikat kavramını eleştiren bir filozoftur. Ancak bu eleştirilerin daha çok dinlerdeki hakikat kavramına olduğunu söyleyerek Nietzsche’nin hakikati tümüyle reddetmediğini ve bir postmodernizm öncüsü olarak asla değerlendirilemeyeceğini belirten düşünürler de vardır. Bu çalışmada Nietzsche’nin metinlerindeki hakikat hakkındaki fikirleri ele alınıp onun hakikat karşısındaki tavrı ortaya koyulmaya çalışılacaktır. Bunun için öncelikle Nietzsche’nin Yahudiliğin ve Hıristiyanlığın hakikat anlayışlarına yaptığı eleştiriler ortaya koyulacaktır. Daha sonra felsefe tarihindeki hakikat düşüncelerine dair eleştirileri incelenecektir. Buradan hareketle Nietzsche’nin hakiki dünyanın bir masal olduğuna dair belirlenimleri anlatılacaktır. Son olarak da Nietzsche'nin hakikat eleştirilerinin postmodern felsefeyi etkilemiş olabilecek yönleri üzerinde durulacaktır. Böylece de Nietzsche’nin postmodern felsefe için bir öncül olduğu iddia edilecektir.
Separation and evaluation of potential antioxidant, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activities of limonene-rich essential oils from Citrus sinensis (L.)
Authors: Al Kamaly Omkulthom , Numan Omar , Almrfadi Omer M. A. , Alanazi Ashwag S. , Conte Raffaele
Published: December 2022

The peel of Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck is a source of essential oils, particularly limonene, which is this plant’s characteristic molecule. The main goal of this study was to test the potential analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties of limonene-rich essential oils derived from the peel of C. sinensis L. (orange) in vivo, as well as their antioxidant activity in vitro. Carrageenan-induced paw edema in Wistar rats and the formalin test in Swiss albino mice were used to examine anti-inflammatory activity. The analgesic activity was assessed using hot plate and acetic acid writhing tests, while the antioxidant activity was assessed using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and ferric reducing antioxidant power methods. The essential oil (EO) safety was determined using an acute toxicity experiment on mice. The phytochemical analysis confirmed the existence of limonene as the primary molecule (88.94%), and in vivo experiments revealed that the EO had a significant pain and inflammation-relieving effect, especially at the dose of 50 mg/kg, when compared to the used control drugs. The acute toxicity evaluation reported this EO’s safety. This study contributes to the pharmacological valorization of the peel of C. sinensis L., confirming that, in addition to its numerous cosmetic and industrial uses, it may be effective in the treatment of inflammatory and pain-related illnesses.
Taguchi L16 (44) orthogonal array-based study and thermodynamics analysis for electro-Fenton process treatment of textile industrial dye
Authors: Ahmad Imran , Basu Debolina
Published: December 2022

Reactive orange 16 (RO16) is the most widely used azo dye in Textile industry. Complex aromatic structures and resistivity to biological decay caused the dye pollutants incompletely treated by the conventional oxidative methods. The current study presents the electro-Fenton-based advanced oxidation treatment of RO16 dye and the process optimization by Taguchi-based design of experiment (DOE). Using a 500 mL volume lab-scale experimental setup, the process was first studied for the principal operational parameters (initial dye concentration (q); [H2O2]/[Fe+2] (R); current density (ρ); and temperature (T)) effect on decolourization (D

R
) and COD removal (C

R
). Then, by means of the L16 (44) orthogonal array (OA) formation, standard mean and signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio, the process was optimized for the response variables. The result showed the optimized result at q = 100 mg/L, R = 100, ρ = 8 mA/cm2, and T = 32 °C; with D

R
and C

R
as 90.023 and 84.344%, respectively. It was found that the current density affects the process most, followed by [H2O2]/[Fe+2] ratio, initial dye concentration, and temperature i.e., ρ > R > q > T. Also, with the analysis of variance (ANOVA), model equations for D

R
and C

R
were developed and its accuracy was verified for experimental results. At optimized conditions, the first order removal rate constants (k

a
) were found from batch results. Additionally, the thermodynamic constants (ΔH

e
, ΔS

e
, and ΔG

b
) were also calculated for the nature of heat-energy involved and temperature effect study on dye degradation. The results showed that the process was thermodynamically feasible, endothermic, and non-spontaneous with a lower energy barrier (E

A
 = 46.7 kJ mol−1).