bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tension-Torsion Fatigue Tests on the proton Exchange membrane Nafion 115, used in fuel cells
Authors: Almaraz Gonzalo Mariano Domínguez , Duarte Luis Miguel Torres , Pacheco Christian Jesús Torres
Published: October 2021

Fatigue tests under tension-torsion have been carried out on the membrane Nafion 115 (Perfluorosulfonic acid, PFSA). This polymeric material is a main component to construct fuel cells, used as proton exchange membrane. These membranes undergo mechanical loading of tension and torsion during its industrial life. A self-designed machine has been constructed to obtain the fatigue endurance on this polymeric material under tension-torsion and the following conditions: one magnitude for the torsion angle, five initial tensile stresses, room temperature, and environmental relative humidity, and frequency of 1.6 Hz. The experimental results show that fatigue endurance decreases with the increase of tensile stress when the torsion angle remains constant, as well as temperature and relative humidity (both taken at environmental conditions). Fracture surfaces were analyzed by SEM, in order to investigate the principal trends of crack initiation and propagation under this modality of fatigue loading.

 

Se han realizado ensayos de fatiga bajo tensión-torsión en la membrana Nafion 115 (ácido perfluorosulfónico, PFSA). Este material polimérico es un componente principal para la construcción de pilas de combustible, utilizado como membrana de intercambio de protones. Estas membranas se someten a cargas mecánicas de tensión y torsión durante su vida industrial. Se ha construido una máquina de diseño propio para obtener la resistencia a la fatiga de este material polimérico bajo tensión-torsión y en las siguientes condiciones: una magnitud para el ángulo de torsión, cinco tensiones iniciales de tracción, temperatura ambiente y humedad relativa ambiental, y frecuencia de 1,6 Hz. Los resultados experimentales muestran que la resistencia a la fatiga disminuye con el aumento de la tensión de tracción cuando el ángulo de torsión se mantiene constante, así como la temperatura y la humedad relativa (ambas tomadas en condiciones ambientales). Las superficies de fractura fueron analizadas por SEM, con el fin de investigar las principales tendencias de iniciación y propagación de grietas bajo esta modalidad de carga de fatiga.
Structure, proximate composition, nutrient dynamics and growth characteristics of Penaeus vannamei in indoor biofloc systems with three different salinities and carbon sources
Authors: Anand Theivasigamani , Srinivasan Arasan , Padmavathy Pandurengan , Jawahar Paulraj , Sampathkumar J. Stephen
Published: October 2021

In the biofloc systems the continuous application of carbon sources led to the assimilation of nitrogenous nutrients and formation of heterotrophic bacterial biomass. The present experiment was conducted in 0.22m3 capacity tanks in the triplicate to find out the structure, proximate composition, nutrient dynamics and growth characteristics of Penaeus vannamei in indoor biofloc systems with three different salinities (35, 20 and 5ppt) and carbon sources (molasses, sugar and rice flour) with an estimated C:N ratio of 15:1. pre salinity acclimatized P. vannamei , specific pathogen free seeds (0.2±0.04g) were stocked @100 numbers per m3 and fed 4 times a day based on the % of body weight (from 22% to 2.5%) and reared for 10 weeks. The results revealed that the carbon application at different salinities significantly influenced the biofloc structure (Scanning Electron Microscopic images of biofloc 4000x) showed round and rod-shaped structures. Proximate composition: crude protein (p<0.001), ether extract (p<0.001) and crude fibre (p<0.05) showed significant difference between treatments. Similarly, elemental carbon composition (p<0.01), nitrogenous waste assimilation of TAN (p<0.01), nitrite (p<0.05), and nitrate (p<0.05) showed significant differences in the treatments vs. the control group. The variables also influenced the microbiota abundance {the metagenomics analysis of biofloc showed Bray-Curtis overall average dissimilarity index of 81%, and it varied from 49% to 100% between treatments & controls} and growth characteristics {average body weight (p<0.001) and survival rate (p<0.01) between treatments and controls} of P. vannamei indoor biofloc systems. Hence, the application of carbon sources at different salinities influenced the biofloc structure, proximate, elemental carbon composition, biofloc microbiota abundance, enhanced the nitrogenous waste assimilation and growth performance of P. vannamei in indoor biofloc systems.
Is the globalization influencing the primary energy consumption? The case of Latin America and Caribbean countries
Authors: Koengkan Matheus
Published: October 2021

This article investigates the relationship between globalization and primary energy consumption in twelve Latin America and Caribbean countries from 1991 to 2012 using the auto-regressive distributive lag (ARDL) methodology. The elasticities results showed that increase of 1% on index globalization exerts a positive impact of 0.4449 % above the primary energy consumption. The variables gross domestic product (GDP) and dioxide carbon emissions (CO2) exert a positive impact in short and long-run, as well as the variable capital account openness has a negative effect in long-run.
Adequação das rotulagens alimentícias frente à legislação vigente
Authors: Mallet Aline Cristina Teixeira , De Oliveira Rhuan Victor de Albuquerque , De Oliveira Cyntia Ferreira , Saron Margareth Lopes Galvão , Costa Lívia Martinez Abreu Soares
Published: October 2021

A enorme busca de rotulagens nutricionais confiáveis gera a necessidade de legislações vigentes que regulamentem o setor alimentício no âmbito da qualidade, segurança e disponibilidade do alimento. A garantia de informações úteis e confiáveis é um direito assegurado ao consumidor, o que colabora com uma melhor escolha de produtos. Todavia, o cumprimento destas legislações muitas vezes não tem sido inspecionado. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a conformidade da rotulagem de produtos alimentícios comercializados, quanto à validade, fabricação, origem, lote, serviço de atendimento ao consumidor, ingredientes, glúten e traços de leite, frente à legislação brasileira em vigor. Trata-se de um estudo observacional e descritivo realizado na Região Sul Fluminense – RJ, onde a coleta de dados ocorreu entre o período de janeiro a agosto de 2015. Dos 76 rótulos analisados, 96% apresentaram no mínimo uma inadequação frente à legislação vigente e, apenas 4% estavam plenamente de acordo com o estabelecido na legislação. O item que apresentou maior número de inadequações foi o que diz respeito à expressão traços de leite. Enquanto o prazo de validade foi o item avaliado que obteve menor índice de inadequações. Conclui-se que a maioria dos estabelecimentos e dos rótulos analisados não atendeu integralmente aos requisitos de rotulagem exigidos pelas legislações em questão. As informações presentes nas embalagens estudadas foram, em grande parte, deficientes ou mesmo errôneas, dificultando o bom entendimento acerca dos produtos pelos consumidores.
Relação entre o uso de inibidores de bomba de prótons e o desenvolvimento de demência senil: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Ribeiro Dias Barroso Cristina , Rios Guedes Ticiani , Silveira Gomes Leonardo , Abrantes Silvestre Vinícius , Vieira Cury Sérgio Elias
Published: October 2021

Os inibidores da bomba de prótons são uma das classes de medicamentos mais prescritas no mundo, sendo utilizados para tratar os distúrbios relacionados ao aumento da acidez do trato gastrointestinal superior ao inibir a secreção gástrica. No entanto, em vista de recentes estudos que sugerem que o uso crônico de tais medicamentos possuam relação com o aumento do risco para o desenvolvimento de demência senil, torna-se de extrema importância a sua divulgação, principalmente à comunidade médica e científica.
Educação física em creches: um estudo de caso a partir da percepção de professoras do município de Pinheiral – RJ
Authors: Severino Cláudio Delunardo , Correa Amanda Santos Rezende Cardoso
Published: October 2021

O presente estudo teve como objetivo compreender a percepção de professoras regentes acerca da Educação Física como componente curricular nas aulas de creche no município de Pinheiral - RJ. Para tal, foi realizado um estudo de caso com o intuito de descrever e interpretar os significados e experiências dos sujeitos da pesquisa, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. A construção do referido instrumento de coleta de dados se baseou nas categorias construídas a partir da revisão bibliográfica relacionada ao processo metodológico de avaliação. Entendendo a importância do professor de Educação Física no contexto das creches localizadas no município de Pinheiral-RJ a partir da narrativa dos sujeitos entrevistados, fazem-se necessárias medidas antes de tudo de conscientização frente aos órgãos públicos, buscando intervenções para a inclusão desses profissionais nas atividades da Educação Infantil, buscando dessa forma a qualidade de ensino.
ABDUŞ HÜSEYİN VE ŞERAFETTİN NEBİ’NİN HAYATI VE RESİM ESERLERİ
Authors: BÜLBÜL Sevil
Published: October 2021

Osmanlı medeniyetinin izleri hüküm sürdüğü her coğrafi bölgede hissedilmektedir. Günümüzde Kuzey Makedonya Cumhuriyeti’nde yaşayan ve farklı etnik kimliğine sahip insanlar da geçmişten süregelen bu medeniyetin izlerini kendi gelenek, örf ve adetleriyle harmanlamışlardır. Geçmişten gelen kültür birikimin geleceğe aktarılması çoğu zaman sanatçıların eserleri ile mümkün olmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, yaşadıkları ülkede, Türk kültürünün korunması ve sürdürülebilmesi yönünde önemli eserler üreten iki önemli sanatçının hayatı ve eserleri ele alınmıştır. Bu sanatçılar Türk kültürünü sürdürebilme vazifesinde ön saflardadır. Bu anlamda kendilerinin çabasıyla Üsküp’te Azınlıklar Tiyatrosu Türk Dramının kurulması ile önemli bir gelişme kaydedilir. Türk insanının kuşaklar arasındaki bağın temel unsuru olan Türkçenin doğru kullanımı için sanatçılar, halka örnek olan tiyatro oyunları yazmıştır ve yönetmenliğini yapmışlardır. Ayrıca, afişler hazırlayarak oyunlar için sahne tasarımı da yapmışlardır. Bu önemli vazifeyi hayatlarının sonlarına kadar sürdürmüşlerdir. Üretmiş oldukları çok sayıda sanat eserine rağmen sanatçıların hayatları ve resim eserleriyle ilgili yazılı kaynaklarda bir çalışmaya rastlanmamıştır. Bu nedenle çalışmamız, sanatçıların hayatını ve resim eserlerini tanıtmayı amaçlamıştır. Abduş Hüseyin ve Şerafettin Nebi’nin eserlerinde empresyonizmin etkisinde Türk motifli temaların yorumlandığı görülür. Bu çalışma, İkinci Dünya Savaşı sonrasında bölgedeki ilk Türk sanatçıların tanıtımına, ürettikleri sanat eserlerin Türk kültürü açısından önemine ve gelişimine yoğunlaşır.
Pharmacovigilance Safety Monitoring in Clinical Trials
Authors: Nikam Supriya , Jambhulkar Anjali , Kayande Kalyani , Ghule Abhilasha , Inde Akash
Published: October 2021

Pharmacovigilance is that the science and activities associated with the gathering, detection and assessment of adverse event data.
Major purpose of pharmacovigilance is to gauge the benefit- risk profile of drug for better efficacy and safety to be used in patients.
Pharmacovigilance plays a major role in rationale use of drug which provides the information about the adverse drug reactions which
seen in patients. In terms of volume Indian Pharma industry is third largest in world and in terms of value id thirteen largest in world.
India is also known as a hub for clinical research and drug development. There is a requirement of a global and standardized
pharmacovigilance system in India for better safety assessment in India. In drug development process the only priority of clinical trials
is to make sure patient safety during and after the trials. A critical component throughout the drug development life-cycle is
monitoring patient safety. Patient must be treated consistent with the requirements and illness of patient therefore the utmost value
is given to monitoring of patient safety in the least levels of drug development. Such monitoring may be a dynamic process so to
approach safety monitoring. To ensure a systematic approach to safety monitoring pharmaceutical sponsor must work proactively
and collaboratively with all stakeholders. We have to focus upon all the aspects of drug safety in clinical trials including basics of drug
safety, regulatory aspects of drug safety, patient suitability for safety in trials, post marketing safety and causality risk assessment of the drug products.
How the Pregabalin (Lyrica) Administration as an Abuse Drug Can Affects the Reproductive Health of Male Wistar Rat
Authors: Alduweesh Nouf Bader
Published: October 2021

Drugs addiction considered a massive problem persist in diverse populations everywhere the world. Our work aimed to illustrate the
correlation between drug addiction and reproductive function in an animal model, also the potential impact of pregabalin (Lyrica)
intake on spermatozoa formation process and sexual hormone levels. In this study, we used 14 adult healthy rats that allocated into two groups (n = 7) as control and treated that orally administrated with pregabalin (23.7 mg/kg) for 30 subsequent days. Reproductive hormones, spermatozoa parameters (motility and morphology), lipid peroxidation (MDA), nitric oxide, total antioxidant activity, DNA damage and histopathological investigation were performed. The results revealed that pregabalin addiction had a harmful impact on the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis of male rats through hindered hormones secretion, raised reactive oxygen species, affect antioxidant enzymes, triggered DNA damage and distorted testicular histology. Finally, we found that addiction of Lyrica caused adverse impact on the male reproductive health and subsequently affect fertility.
Didymocarpus Pedicellate: Bioactive Constituent, Their Molecular Target in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Bhongade Yogeshwary M. , Bhongade Maheshwari M. , Gharat Shubham N.
Published: October 2021

Didymocarpus pedicellata (Family: Gesneriaceae), is an herbal drug traditionally used in renal disorders mainly as antiurolithiatic and
do not have much data on this plant, is selected for study and hereby reviewed. This review is based on compilation of data from the
various researchers on their research work and other data including anti-diabetic activity of Didymocarpus pedicellata and antioxidant
activity in relation with the type 2 diabetes mellitus and its cardiovascular complications. By using various scientific studies, the
evidence has been demonstrated as to the antidiabetic effect of the various extract of Didymocarpus pedicellata as well as its chemical
constituents including various flavonoid like chalcones which are major bioactive constituents chiefly present in Didymocarpus
pedicellata. The chalcones present in these plants have various therapeutic targets for the management of type 2 diabetes like PPARg, DPP-4, a-glucosidase, PTP1B, aldose reductase, and stimulate insulin secretion and tissue sensitivity. The Didymocarpus pedicellata
has also been reported to exhibit antispasmolytic, antimalarial activity and nephroprotective activity. On the basis of given evidence,
it may be concluded that Didymocarpus pedicellata could be the potential target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and
can reduce the cardiovascular complication associated with diabetes mellitus.
Health Technology Assessment Challenges for Orphan Medicinal Products in Low- and Middle-Income Countries in Europe
Authors: Mateva Anna , Tachkov Konstantin , Yanakieva Antoniya , Milushewa Petya
Published: October 2021

The purpose of this research is to provide a short overview of the differences in access to and health technology assessment of OMPs
in selected low- and middle-income countries in Europe and discuss these in terms of some challenges in the face of HTA comparing
with high-income countries. This is a retrospective, desktop study of already published official inquiries of national or international
institutions, scientific publications, and reports from national governing bodies who regulate and monitor HTA in low- and middleincome economies in Europe, with further regards to HTA of orphan medicinal products. Among all selected low- and middle-income
countries in Europe - Bulgaria, Serbia, North Macedonia, Moldova, Ukraine, and Georgia, have available and up-to-date information
regarding their health care legislation. During 2000-2019 EMA approves 164 orphan medicines and out of them from 23 to 133 were
found in the selected countries. We found that Bulgaria has a special HTA body. Since 2015 in Ukraine the health care system is
experienced dynamic reform. In particular, a legislative framework has been adopted that regulates pharmaceutical pricing and
reimbursement policies, the introduction of health technology assessment (HTA), etc. Despite the fact that Serbia is not part of the
European Union there is an HTA commission established by the Ministry of Health where members of the HTA committee have 5-
year mandates. According to our research, Georgia and North Macedonia do not use HTA. Meanwhile, United Kingdom is well known
to show a strong interest in evidence health care. system. On the other hand, ?he Statutory health insurance system (SHI reform),
since 2000, established a federally funded HTA program with a database of relevant HTA results. Even though that the high-income
countries have more developed HTA guidelines and stronger and more secure health systems, all the countries mentioned in this
work are facing similar challenges. All the countries have limite
Investigation on Potential Efficacy of Methanol Extract of Lawsonia inermis L. against Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Hepatotoxicity in Wistar Albino Rats
Authors: Jayavelu A. , Natarajan A. , Thangamani R. , B. Senthil Kumar
Published: October 2021

Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) a pharmacological tool was used to induce liver damage in Wistar albino rats. Silymarin (100 mg/kg) and
methanol extract of Lawsonia inermis Linn. family Lythraceae (known to possess hepatoprotective compounds) was used to reverse
the liver damage caused due to CCl4 (induced toxicity). Hydroalcholic extract of stem bark and leaf of Lawsonia inermis Linn. was
evaluated, for its restorative efficacy against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity which was assessed in terms of biochemical and
histopathological parameters. CCl4 produce the altitude levels of serum marker enzymes of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), asparate
aminotransferase (AST), alanine phosphatase (ALP) and bilirubin in blood serum. Due to the toxicity of CCl4 cause turbine hepatic cell
architecture, necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, congestion, and sinusoidal dilatation along with reduction of superoxide
dismutase (SOD), catalase, Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) appeared in liver tissue. SOD is the
primary step in the defense mechanism involved in the antioxidant system against the oxidative stress. It diminishes by converting
the superoxide radical in to peroxide and molecular oxygen. CAT or GPx reactions, also exert a similar effect thereby reducing the
level of cellular damage. By oral administration of methanol extract of Lawsonia inermis Linn. plant extracts, i.e., stem bark extract
(250 mg/kg b.wt.) and leaf extract (250 mg/kg b. wt.) the levels of these parameters was restored to near controlled (untreated)
levels. Thus, the present study revealed that the extracts of stem bark and leaf of Lawsonia inermis Linn. offered protection against
hepatotoxicity induced by CCl4.
A Literature Review on Self Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS)
Authors: D Saikumar , Prasanna J Leela
Published: October 2021

The Lipid-based drug delivery system is extensively reported within the literature for the enhancing drug solubility, permeability, and
bioavailability. A considerable majority of novel pharmacologically active constituents produced in recent drug discovery programs
are lipophilic and poorly soluble, posing a significant problem for pharmaceutical researchers enhancing the oral bioavailability of
such drug molecules. Self-nano emulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS), are the viable oil-based approaches for drugs that exhibit
low dissolution rate and inadequate absorption. Ever since the progress of SNEDDS, researchers have been focusing on the challenges
of BCS Class II and Class IV Drugs for enhancing water Solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs. SNEDDS is a Validate method for
enhancing the solubility and bioavailability of lipophilic compounds. It’s the isotropic mixture of oil, surfactant, co-surfactant
molecules and it also containing co-solvent molecule. which spontaneously form oil-in-water nano emulsion of approximately 200
nm or less in size upon dilution with water under gentle stirring. It’s Drug delivery system Which possess thermodynamically and
kinetically stability. The physicochemical properties, drug solubilization capacity considerably regulates the selection of the SNEDDS
components. The compositions of the SNEDDS are often optimized with the assistance of phase diagrams. Further to optimize SNEDDS
can be done with the help of statistical experimental design. It’s a Novel drug delivery system which is applicable for the parenteral,
Ophthalmic, intranasal and cosmetic drug delivery system. And therefore, the present review describes Preparation, components,
mechanism of self-Nano emulsification, biopharmaceutical aspects, characterization methods and applications of Selfnanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS).
A Review on Herbal Naturopathy
Authors: Tripathi Pragati , Bahuguna Yogendr , Raghav Shelly
Published: October 2021

Modern medicinal practice is widely followed nowadays which is providing the quick treatment but lacking and even showing
hazardous signs in the long run. Naturopathy treats the body by bringing us close to nature. Naturopathy works on the route of
suffering and treats it naturally. Human body is made up from five basic elements of nature. So, harmony has to be maintained
between nature to live a healthy life. Imbalance of these natural elements will cause diseased states. So, naturopathy is a very
effective healing treatment for a quality life. It is both safe and effective treatment and helps to stimulate positive thinking, lowersstress, anxiety and depression, improves overall health, enhances outlook and improves one’s ability to cope with health-related
issues.
Plants Used for Ethno-veterinary Practices by Tribes of Kambakkam of Eastern Ghats
Authors: Munuswamya Ettiappan , Nandhagopala Karmegam , Surabia S. , b Sivagamasundari , M. Manoranjithamc , Satheeshd Dhuraraj
Published: October 2021

The study reports the surveyed of medicinal plants used by of village Tribe people of Kambakkam Forest (Easternghats), Andhra
Pradesh in ethno-veterinary practices. During this study information about the ethno-veterinary plants were collected and preserved
as herbarium specimens by follows the standard procedure. The plants were identified with help of some standard Floras. The
specimens were deposited in the herbarium of Department of Plant Biology and Plant Biotechnology, Loganatha Narayanasamy
Government College, Ponneri, Thiruvallur District. During the survey it was noted 23 plants were traditionally used by various animal
diseases such as Inflammation, wound healing, indigestion, dysentery, fever, swelling, bone fracture, diarrhea, cold, cough,
pneumonia, constipation, antimicrobial and milk yielding properties. The information provided in this study would bring new medicine
development of ecofriedly, effective medicines to control human diseases in the future perspective. This study may be useful to
protect and conserve the medicinal plants of Kambakkam Forest.
Comparative Study on Antibacterial Activity of Crude and Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized Leaf Extract of Carica papaya against Chosen Isolates
Authors: P Pandiarajan. , Pradeep Andrew , J Januja , Satheesh Dhurairaj
Published: October 2021

The Emergence of Human Pathogens with Antibiotic resistance genes has shifted the focus towards the plant origin antimicrobial
drugs with advanced nano-based methods. Screening of phytochemical components is done using various biochemical methods. UVvisible spectrophotometer is utilized to determine the silver Nanoparticle's size, shape, and its stable nature in the aqueous colloidal
solution. FT-IR spectral analysis to identify the bio molecules responsible for the reduction of Ag+
ions. The extracts of Carica papaya
leaves were found to be rich in Vitamins, Phenols, Proteolytic enzymes which acts as excellent Antimicrobial agent. Antibacterial
activity of crude extracts and silver Nanoparticles synthesized from Carica papaya leaves was evaluated against chosen clinical
isolates, which shows the effective zone of inhibition lesser side effects. Though crude extract has shown significant results, silver
nanoparticles synthesized using specific key phytochemical component would have the better inhibiting capacity.
A Review on Benzoxazole Containing Heterocyclic Compounds as a Wonder Medication for Thousands of Ailments
Authors: K.M Femy Maria , Babu Amala , Antony Sneha , b Dr.Vinod , P A Dr.Daisy
Published: October 2021

The benzoxazole is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound. It is a vital pharmacophore and honoured structure in medicinal
chemistry. It plays a very imperative role with quite useful therapeutic activities such as antiulcers, antihypertensives, analgesic, antiinflammatory, anti-virals, antifungals, anticancer, antidepressant activity, antilishmanial activity, anticonvulsant activity,
antitubercular activity, antitumor activity, The review of the literature reveals that the benzoxazole derivatives are marvellously
effective compounds and a large number of reviews available for biochemical and pharmacological studies established that their
molecules are useful against a wide variety of microorganisms. Because of their prominence, the techniques for their synthesis have
become an attention of synthetic organic chemists. Therefore, in the contemporary review we tried to assemble the chemistry of
different derivative of substituted benzoxazole as well as various pharmacological activities and some of the important methodologies used for the synthesis.
Formulation and Evaluation of Ethosomal Nanoparticles of Avobenzone for Improved Sunscreen Efficacy
Authors: Nagle Sumit Kumar , Gupta Mansi , Basedia Deepak Kumar , B.K. Dubey
Published: October 2021

Ethosomes entrapping avobenzone were prepared using cold method and the effect of varying concentration of ethanol was
considered for obtaining an optimized formulation. Lecithin (2%w/w) was used as the phospholipid to provide the structure to the
vesicles and propylene glycol (10%) was used as the permeating agent. The vesicles were found to be of spherical to irregular shape
ranged from 1.11 µm to 1.6 µm in size. The drug entrapment in the ethosomes was studied by analyzing the unentrapped drug
spectrophotometrically. The in vitro permeation study suggested that the maximum permeation in the egg membrane occurred in
AET3 (0.40 mg/cm2) with 30% ethanol concentration. It was observed that only about 2% degradation occurred at room temperature
and all formulations were almost stable at 8° and 4° with only 1.3% degradation of avobenzone thereby proving the stability of the
developed system. The best ethosomal formulation (AET3) was incorporated into gel base to obtain sunscreen gels and the results
revealed a good protection of the ethosomal gel when 2% carbopol was used as the gelling base. It could be concluded that
incorporation of avobenzone in the ethosomal carrier and formulating the same as gel formulation might help in reducing the dose of avobenzone as well as improving the sunscreen efficacy (sun protection over enhanced duration).
A Study on the Use of Topical Bepotastine Besilate Ophthalmic Solution (Bbos) 0.15% in the Treatment of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis at Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Dahiya Jyoti , Sharma Vivek , Sachdeva Sumit , Srishti Srishti
Published: October 2021

The aim of this study is to Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of Bepotastine Besilate 0.15% Ophthalmic Solution in Patients of Vernal
Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC). This was a prospective, open label and randomized clinical study. Fifty patients of vernal
keratoconjunctivitis between 6 to 20 years of age of either sex willing to give informed consent were enrolled in the study. Patients
received Bepotastine besilate (0.15%) eye drops twice daily for 8 weeks. Symptoms scoring and signs scoring of VKC were recorded
on baseline and at the time of follow up at 4 and 8 weeks. Safety assessments were also done in the drug group during the study
period for any serious adverse effects. After the 2 months of drug therapy, patients showed improvement in the symptoms and signs
scoring of Vernal keratoconjunctivitis. There was statistically significant difference between the treatment group at 4th and 8th week.
The drugs were well tolerated without any serious adverse effect. Bepotastine besilate ophthalmic solution were found to be effective
in alleviating the clinical symptoms and signs of VKC.
A Review on Synthesis and Biological Activity of Thiazole and its Derivatives
Authors: TH Namitha , Nair Saranya S , Kumar Dr.Arun , B Dr.Vinod , P A Dr.Daisy
Published: October 2021

Thiazole, a five-membered heteroaromatic ring, is an important framework of a large number of synthetic compounds. Its diverse
pharmacological activity is mirrored in many clinically approved thiazole-containing molecules with, wide range of biological activities,
such as antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anthelmintic, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory effects. The current review provides an
overview of the biological activities of thiazole during the past years.
Phytoremediation Behavior of Some Mosses at Polluted Sites
Authors: Pathania Mamta Singh , Payal Bhardwaj , Dhirendra Pathania Singh
Published: October 2021

Six moss taxa, namely Anoectangium clarum, Gymnostomum calcareum, Hyophila involuta, H.spathulata, Hydrogonium arcuatum
var. gangeticum and Hydrogonium consanguineum are found in sites polluted by dark effluents discharged from the industries. The
pH value of the substrata supporting these taxa is found to be in a very range (6.66- 7.81). The concentration of the micro elements,
As+, Pb++, Ni++, Cr+++, Cd+++., Mn++, Cu++, Zn++, Co+++ and Fe++ found in the plant material and substratum has brought out at
the extent of toleration capacity of these taxa which enabled these mosses to out compete in such sites.
EVOLUCIÓN DEL SÍNDROME DE DISTRÉS RESPIRATORIO AGUDO EN LOS NEONATOS DEL ÁREA DE CUIDADOS INTENSIVOS DEL HOSPITAL “DELFINA TORRES DE CONCHA”
Authors: Santos Zambrano Jessenia Esperanza , Pineda Caicedo Andrea
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Analizar la evolución del síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo (SDRA) en neonatos pretérminos del área de cuidados intensivos del Hospital General Delfina Torres de Concha. Materiales y Métodos: La investigación es un estudio cuantitativo, de corte transversal y alcance descriptivo. La muestra probabilística quedó conformada por 49 madres de neonatos prematuros. Las técnicas utilizadas son el estudio documental y la encuesta. Los criterios de inclusión incluyeron ambos sexos, que nacieron entre las 26 y las 35 semanas de gestación, durante los meses de julio, agosto y septiembre de 2020. Las variables fueron los factores sociodemográficos de las madres, los factores de riesgo maternos, el género, vía del parto, peso al nacer, complicaciones de los neonatos y la mortalidad infantil. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que la etnia prevalente fue la mestiza (65,3%), el estado civil más representado fue el de unión libre (51,0%) y el nivel de escolaridad es muy bajo, así como el per cápita económico familiar. Los factores de riesgo maternos fueron la hipertensión (21,5%), la edad y la preeclamsia (18,5%, respectivamente). En los recién nacidos prevaleció el sexo masculino (46,9%) sobre el femenino (53.06%), al igual que las cesáreas (55,1%). Las complicaciones más importantes fueron la hemorragia intraventricular (23,8%), la hipertensión pulmonar persistente (20,6%) y la displasia broncopulmonar (15,9%). La tasa de mortalidad infantil se situó en el 32,7%. Conclusiones: Existe una correlación entre las complicaciones severas de los recién nacidos y la mortalidad neonatal. Por la trascendencia familiar y social del fallecimiento de neonatos y la frecuencia de trastornos respiratorios en la morbimortalidad de los recién nacidos en dicho Hospital, se hace necesario realizar estudios que estimulen la prevención y diagnóstico oportuno, especialmente en contextos como el nuestro.
CUMPLIMIENTO DE LAS NORMAS DE BIOSEGURIDAD EN LABORATORIOS DE LA UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DE MACHALA
Authors: Hurtado Zapata Andrea del Rocío , Santos Luna Jovanny Angelina , Manzanares Loaiza Silvana Gabriela , Machuca Loja Geanina Jacqueline
Published: October 2021

Objetivo: Establecer el cumplimiento de las normas de bioseguridad por parte de los profesionales que laboran en los laboratorios de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y de la Salud de la Universidad Técnica de Machala. Materiales y Métodos: La presente investigación es de tipo descriptiva, con enfoque cuantitativo. La modalidad de la investigación es de campo. La población estuvo constituida por 100 estudiantes que usan los diferentes laboratorios de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y de la Salud de la Universidad Técnica de Machala. Resultados: El 59% de la población contestó que sí, ha recibido capacitación acerca de las normas de bioseguridad en la institución y el 41% respondieron que no. El 73% de los estudiantes cumplen con las medidas de bioseguridad en el laboratorio. Se realiza el lavado de manos, con un equivalente a un 39% para Después de tener contacto con cualquier tipo de materiales, muestras biológicas, productos sólidos, sustancias o reactivos. Sobre si se cuentan con recipientes de descarte para elementos contaminados, y están debidamente identificados el cual corresponde a un 46,9%. A la pregunta sobre qué materiales se deposita en los guardianes dando un equivalente de 43% para las Jeringuillas, bisturí, sin embargo, las Lancetas, agujas. Conclusiones: Se pudo determinar que la gran parte de la población estudiada si cumplen con las normas de bioseguridad.
VALIDACIÓN DE LOS INSTRUMENTOS PARA MEDIR EL NIVEL DE RESILIENCIA, SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT Y RENDIMIENTO ACADÉMICO EN MAESTRANTES DE SALUD PÚBLICA EN TIEMPOS DE COVID-19.
Authors: Sánchez Chavarria Shirley Tatiana , Lojano Sigcha Rosa Elvira
Published: October 2021

Introducción: La nueva crisis de Salud Pública se torna visible en diciembre del 2019, en la ciudad de Wuhan capital de la provincia de Hubei – China, donde se presentaron varios casos de neumonía severa de causa desconocida. El 7 de enero identifican al agente causal Coronaviridae (2019-nCoV). El personal de primera línea se ve afectado en diferentes ámbitos, por lo cual, es necesaria la validación de instrumentos de medición documental que contribuyan a mejorar la salud mental de los profesionales de la salud. Objetivo: Validar los instrumentos cuantitativo y cualitativo que nos permitirán identificar el nivel de rendimiento académico en los maestrantes con síndrome de burnout y la resiliencia. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de diseño no experimental u observacional, de enfoque cualitativo - cuantitativo, descriptivo, prospectivo de corte transversal. En ambos instrumentos se aplicó, como criterio de validación, el juicio de expertos. Para ello se realizó un cuestionario que fue aplicado mediante la técnica de la encuesta a 19 maestrantes. Resultados: El instrumento cualitativo arrojo un promedio de confiabilidad total de sus tres categorías de 81,91 que lo coloca en la categoría de muy confiable. Y en el instrumento cuantitativo se obtuvo un promedio de confiabilidad de 89,94 lo que señala que se encuentra ubicado dentro de la categoría de muy confiable. Conclusión: Los instrumentos son confiables y válidos para medir la variable independiente, y su correlación con la variable dependiente, evidenciando el cumplimiento de la hipótesis general de esta investigación.
TRIAJE: PUERTA DE ENTRADA AL NIVEL HOSPITALARIO
Authors: Apolinario Olaya Evelyn , Suárez Lima Gabriel José
Published: October 2021

Introducción: El triaje ayuda a clasificar, seleccionar al individuo de acuerdo a la condición de salud que mantenga la persona, actuando el personal de enfermería como la pieza principal gracias a la valoración céfalo caudal y a través de los signos vitales, priorizando siempre la afectación del paciente. Objetivo: Describir la importancia del triaje, como puerta de entrada al nivel hospitalario. Materiales y métodos: Este artículo fue realizado bajo los parámetros de la revisión documental, de nivel descriptivo, monográfico. La técnica aplicada fue el fichaje bibliográfico y el análisis sistemático de los documentos encontrados en la web. Resultados: El proceso de triaje, se da cuando un evento de emergencia supera los recursos de un centro hospitalario. Este proceso, es lo que determina a priori, la situación del paciente, clasificándolos según la prioridad de atención que requiere. Conclusión: El triaje es un proceso importante ante las emergencias, porque permite optimizar lo recursos y las atenciones a las personas afectadas garantizando el tratamiento adecuado y necesario en el momento indicado.
Availability and Nutritional Adequacy of Plant-Based Items in Public High School Lunch Menus
Authors: Singstock Abigail , Randall Kelsey
Published: October 2021

Despite a growing body of research that indicates the health benefits of eating less meat and more plant-based foods, there is limited research on the actual availability of these plant-based options in high schools regulated by the National School Lunch Program (NSLP). This study aims to explore the availability of plant-based food items in public Cincinnati high schools enrolled in the NSLP and to determine whether the nutritional profiles of available plant-based options meet the caloric needs of high school students seeking a plant-based diet. The plant-based diet index (PDI) was used to provide a metric for whether a food item is absent of any animal products and can be further divided into healthy (hPDI) and unhealthy (uPDI) options. 361 lunch options from 8 Cincinnati public high schools were categorized into four food groups: Entrees, Sides, Vegetables and Fruits. It was found that there is a considerable scarcity of plant-based entree items, which account for only 1.3% of all entrees. Consequently, students following a plant-based diet would be unable to meet their caloric requirements at 75% of the studied schools (174 of ~800 recommended calories), and students following a healthful plant-based diet could not meet their caloric needs at any of the studied schools (131 of ~800 recommended calories). This may leave students who are reliant on the NSLP unable to obtain the health benefits of a plant-based diet, which would have disproportionate consequences for poorer students.
http://habibiaislamicus.com/index.php/hirj/article/view/150
Authors:   PhD Scholar, Department of Islamic Studies, GIFT University, Gujranwala, Ali Wajid
Published: October 2021

Allah (swt) has elevated man to the highest position in all creation, and bestwed upon him the bounty of reason and knowledge. An in depth study of knowledge itself reveals that, there are two forms and ranks of knowledge in the universe; one is the divinely revealed instintintive level of awareness about reality, and the other is the earned and learned behavoiur based upon knowledge, that is gained through urge, effort and experience. Human beings, apart from the innate divine blessing of knowledge, learns through sense experience, reason and intuitive thinking. The higher form of knowledge is divinely transmission through revelation to the Prophets. The heavenly revealed knowledge has been preserved by human being in the form of Sacred Books; especially a body of knowledge about reality in the form of religion, namely in the Holy Bible and the Holy Qur’an.
http://habibiaislamicus.com/index.php/hirj/article/view/241
Authors:   Doctor, Lecturer in Arabic, Sindh Madrasa-tul-Islam University, Karachi, Rais Uddin Umair
Published: October 2021

Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ishaq Mansoori is a prominent scholar of Arabic and Islamic studies who played a vital role in the promotion of Arabic language and literature in Pakistan. Dr. Mansoori is a great Islamic preacher, good writer, eloquent speaker, expert educationist, an excellent researcher, good mentor and reformer as well. He always strived for the understanding of the holy Quran and the teaching of the Arabic language in Pakistan. He loves Arabic language very much. He edited various textbooks to develop the expertise of the students in Arabic language and understanding of the holy Quran. His sermons, speeches, lectures, articles and scholarly writings published in Urdu language were very easy and simple. In this study, I have viewed his literery services. I adopted the method of description, analytics and historical criticism which covers all the aspects.
Psychosocial Impact of Childhood Cancer on Patients and their Families
Authors: Yousif Fawaz Salim , Ghali Hasanein Habeeb , Faraj Safaa Abdelilah , Farhan Mazin Faisal , Al-Hadad Salma Abbas
Published: October 2021

Background: The presence of cancer has a profound psychological impact on the quality of life of patients and their families, on family and social relationships, and on role functioning.

Aim of the study: Assess the impact of childhood cancer on patients and their families.

Subjects and methods: A Prospective questionnaire-based study, for 151 patients, had malignancy identified by tumor registry of Children Welfare Teaching Hospital. The information was taken from the parent(s) in the presence of the patient who sometimes answered some questions during the interview.

Result: There was an interview with 151 families of children with cancer in the outpatient clinic. Sixty-two (41%) patients have leukemia while 89 (59%) have solid tumors. Boys were more than girls. Regarding patients, the mean age at the time of the interview was 10.2 years, while the mean age at diagnosis was 7.1 years. The majority of the parents accepted the diagnosis (89.4%), the rest of the parents (10.6%) were skeptical and tried to re-evaluate the condition elsewhere. More than one-half of the parents started to have quick temper (54%) after diagnosis. Most of them had sleep difficulties (83.2%) after diagnosis. Neglection of other siblings in the family was reported in more than one-half of the interviewed families (52.1%). Most of the parents lost their emotional control (69.2%) with the surrounding people after knowing the diagnosis. After an initial period of treatment, there was a decrease in the social activity of the families in 42% of cases. There was a high concern of the parents about the patient’s future marriage (69%), conception (62%), and career (52%).

Conclusions: The establishment of a multidisciplinary cancer care team including social workers, teachers, psychologists, and others to support the child and family is seems to be mandatory during the whole period of treatment and thereafter.
Influence of Vermiwash, Panchagavya and Weed Extract on Growth, Yield and Seed Quality Parameters of Cluster Bean (Cyamopsistetragonoloba (L).)
Authors: Chainatnya Renigunta , Sekhar M. , Joshi Meenakshi , Rahul Bavandally , Gupta Siddhant
Published: October 2021

Cluster bean (Cyamopsistetragonoloba L.) popularly known as guar is a drought tolerant, deep-rooted, annual legume is grown for Vegetable, Food, Fodder, Green manure, Gum and as a seed. The fortification of seeds for better Growth and Yield has become important and emphasized. The study was conducted to determine the ― Effect of Vermiwash, Panchagavya and Weed Extract on Growth, Yield and Seed Quality Parameters of Cluster bean (Cyamopsistetragonoloba (L).).The experiment was carried out at Field Experimentation Centre of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology & Sciences. Prayagraj (UP) during Kharif-2019. The experiment was laid out in Randomised Blocked Design and comprised of 13 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were T0 (Control),T1 – vermiwash 5% @ 12hrs, T2 - vermin wash 10% @ 12hrs, T3 - vermiwash 15% @ 12hrs, T4 - vermiwash 20% @ 12hrs, T5 – panchagavya 5% @ 12hrs, T6 - panchagavya 10% @ 12hrs, T7 - panchagavya 15% @ 12hrs, T8 - panchagavya 20% @ 12hrs, T9 – weed seed extract 5% @ 12 hrs, T10 - weed seed extract 10% @ 12 hrs, T11 – weed seed extract 15% @ 12 hrs, T12 - weed seed extract 20% @ 12 hrs.
Inactive SARS-COV-2 Vaccine Adverse Effects Among Hospital Workers
Authors: SAYIN GÜLENSOY Esen , YÜKSEL Aycan , OGAN Nalan , ALHAN Aslıhan , AKPINAR Evrim
Published: October 2021

Covid-19 is a contagious viral infection with serious complications. Since a proven treatment for such a disease with high mortality has not yet been found, vaccination studies are important for preventative measures and rapid herd immunity. In a period when the whole world urgently needs vaccines, objective scientific data on about the safety of the vaccine are necessary. After the Sars-Cov-2 vaccine (CoronaVac) first and second dose was administered to the employees of Ufuk University Faculty of Medicine, the adverse effects they encountered in the early period were requested. 173 participants completed the survey. When systemic and local adverse effects seen in the first week after vaccination are reported, most of the adverse effects observed were mild adverse effects. Anaphylaxis with dyspnea and syncope developed on only one participant after vaccination. No serious adverse effects of the Sars-Cov-2 vaccine, whose Phase I / II studies have been published, have been reported. In our study where we evaluated early adverse effects with a limited number of participants, we did not find any serious adverse effects in healthcare workers. Anaphylaxis with dyspnea and syncope was observed in one participant that recovered. There is an ongoing need for studies on effect, adverse effects, and efficacy of the Inactive Sars-Cov-2 vaccine as Phase III results have not been published yet.
Assessment of Risk Associated with the Quiet Nature of Electric Vehicle: A Perception of EV Drivers and Pedestrians at Mumbai Metropolitan Region-India
Authors: N. Patil Lalit
Published: October 2021

The key features of the electric vehicle (EV) from urban area emphasizes on clean air as well as quiet running nature to preserve atmospheric pollution conditions in the city, however, the new public health risk is arising due to calm running environment of electric vehicles. Since the electric vehicles run at low noise levels, pedestrians being troubled in road traffic accidents which tend to focus on the safety of the pedestrian. The aim of the present study is to analyze the perception of pedestrian’s and driver’s with the quiet nature of electric vehicles by evaluating the data obtained through a questionnaire survey and interviews conducted at the Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR), India. A total of 398 drivers of various driving experiences and 401 pedestrians from various locations of MMR had been responded to acquire technical data. A hypothesis is evaluated for public health risk associated with the quiet nature of electric vehicles from the driver’s gender and age perspective. In addition, the ANOVA study was carried out to test the statistical significance of risk with respect to age, gender, vehicle usage, driving experience. The results illustrate that moderate risk is associated with the quiet nature of EV and more attention is required by road users as well as drivers, nevertheless gender (P=0.3321), profession (P=0.6537), driving experience (P=0.8888), vehicle use (P=0.3819) are not significant based on driver’s perception (P value greater than 0.05), whereas driver age group (P=0.0000) is accountable for perceived risk. Similarly, considering pedestrian’s perception, gender (P=0.7954), profession (P=0.8188), distance walk (P=0.2313), location (P=0.3896) are not significant. The outcome of this study recommends the foremost need for the advanced control system in electric vehicles.