bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
THE PROBLEM OF SPOILERS IN INTERNATIONAL NEGOTIATIONS
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, SKOROKHOD Yuriy
Published: February 2025

B a c k g r o u n d . International negotiations, particularly in the context of prolonged armed conflicts, are a complex process fraught with many impediments that can lead to failure. The search for a solution mutually acceptable to the conflicting parties can be hindered by the actions of spoilers aimed at disrupting peace talks or undermining agreements already reached. In this regard, the study of the problem of spoilers presents both scientific and practical significance. Methods. The following methods were employed in this study: system-structural, system-functional, problem-historical, and comparative analysis. Results. Steadman’s development of a theoretical model for spoilers, which categorizes them into three types (limited, greedy, and total), has sparked considerable academic discussion. The primary focus of researchhas been on understanding the causes and motives behind spoilers’ actions and the internal and external conditions that foster this phenomenon. In most scientific studies, the approach to researching the phenomenon of spoilers was based on the concept of negotiation, which usually considers negotiations as a process where two or more parties decide how to share the benefits of joint actions while the balance of costs and benefits determines the result of the interactions. At a particular stage, the price becomes too high, and the party(ies) may begin to act as spoilers. From this perspective, the most critical factor is the expected utility of maintaining the confrontation. In this broader framework, the spoilers are typically seen as actors who, for some reason,oppose a peaceful settlement, do not support it, or are sceptical about its results, to the point that some argue every negotiator can be a potential spoiler. In our opinion, conscious and deliberate actions aimed at undermining negotiations give grounds to classify an actor as a spoiler. Conclusions. Despite varying approaches to categorizing spoilers, scientists recognize that the emergence of this phenomenon is driven by a combination of objective and subjective interconnected reasons concentrated at local, regional and global levels. Further in-depth research is required to develop effective strategies for countering spoilers in each case through coordinated efforts from both the peace process participants and the international community
Recurrent algorithm for non-stationary parameter estimation by least squares method with least deviations from attraction points for non-linear dynamic systems under non-classical assumptions
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Slabospitsky Alexander
Published: February 2025

For discrete non-linear dynamic systems, the problem of optimal estimation of non-stationary parameters that can slowly change over time is considered. The method of least squares with a variable forgetting factor is used to estimate the unknown parameters of the above-mentioned objects. The situation is considered when the classical assumptions that guarantee the uniqueness of this estimate may be violated. In previous publications, the estimate that has the smallest euclidean norm, i.e. the smallest deviation from the zero vector, was analyzed as a unique estimate on the set of all such estimates. Explicit and recurrent forms of representation were obtained for it. A recurrent procedure for calculating the value of the corresponding residual sum of squares was also proposed. In this paper, on the set of all optimal estimates, the estimate that has the least deviation from the given attraction points at each moment of time was taken as a unique estimate. An explicit form of representation through the Moore-Penrose pseudo-inversion operator is given for this estimate. A convenient recurrent form of representation for it is also obtained, which allows to speed up the calculation process, because it no longer requires the use of either the Moore-Penrose matrix pseudo-inversion operation, or even the usual matrix inversion operation. The presented recurrent algorithm for the corresponding weighted residual sum of squares will be useful for quality control of the obtained mathematical model. The proposed recurrent procedures for recalculating the optimal estimate of non-stationary parameters with the least deviation from the given attraction points and the weighted residual sum of squares will allow to significantly speed up the process of estimating non-stationary parameters in the on-line mode for discrete nonlinear dynamic systems in case of possible violation of classical assumptions and avoid the need to calculate Moore-Penrose pseudo-inverse matrices.
Magnetoresistance of nanocarbon structure modified by NiFe
Authors:   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Zaiats Dmytro , Shpylka Denys ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Ovsiienko Iryna ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine, Matzui Ludmyla ,   Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: February 2025

The paper presents the results of studies of the magneto-transport properties of nanocarbon structures modified on the surface at the same time with particles of transition metals nickel and iron. Two different types of nanocarbon structures were chosen as starting materials for modification. These are graphite nanoplates with lateral particle sizes up to 10 μm, obtained by sonication of thermally exfoliated graphite during several hours in acetone, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes with a diameter of up to 40 nm. The modification of nanocarbon was carried out by the method of metal reduction on the surface of the nanocarbon particles from an aqueous solution of nitrate, which permeated the corresponding nanocarbon particles. As a result of the modification, nanocarbon structures with a uniform distribution of metal particles on the surface of the nanocarbon particles were obtained. The total mass concentration of the metal on the nanocarbon surface was 60%. Studies of the structural and phase composition of the obtained modified nanocarbon structures revealed that on the surface of the modified nanocarbon there are not individual granules of nickel and iron, but FeNi3 alloy particles.

To measure the resistance in the magnetic field, bulk samples from modified graphite nanoplatelets and multiwalled carbon nanotubes powders were produced in the form of rectangular parallelepipeds by cold pressing using polyvinyl acetate (25% by mass) as a binder. Measurements of magnetoresistance were carried out by the standard four-probe method at temperatures of 293 K and 77 K and with transverse and longitudinal orientation of the sample relative to the external magnetic field.

Conducted experimental studies of magnetoresistance revealed that for modified layered nanocarbon structures, the main contribution to magnetoresistance is made by anisotropic magnetoresistance, which is characteristic of magnetic metals, and linear magnetoresistance, which occurs for layered systems with a zero-band gap and a quasi-linear dispersion law. For modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes, the magnetoresistance properties are determined mainly by the spin-orbital interaction of charge carriers with the magnetic moments of the atoms of the modifier alloy.
Application of Combined Eosin-Methylene Green Staining for Selective Identification of Eosinophilic Granulocytes in the Mucosa of the Digestive Tract
Authors: Zabelnikova Aleksandra M. , Beznin Gleb V. , Abdurasulova Irina N. , Kirik Olga V. , Fedorova Elena A. , Korzhevskii Dmitrii E.
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND: Eosinophilic granulocytes exhibit antibacterial, antiparasitic, and antiviral activities. These cells play a key role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, such as eosinophilic esophagitis and colitis. However, conventional methods used to detect these cells have significant limitations, complicating their quantification and the diagnosis of related pathologies.
AIM: To develop and evaluate a novel method for the accurate and efficient detection of eosinophilic granulocytes in gastrointestinal tissues.
METHODS: The study was conducted using tissue sections of the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine from male Wistar rats (n=16), stained with eosin and methylene green.
RESULTS: The proposed staining method demonstrated superior contrast in identifying eosinophilic granulocytes compared to the conventional hematoxylin-eosin staining technique. Eosinophilic granulocytes in tissues stained using the new method were clearly visible and well-differentiated, even at low magnification. This method facilitates the accurate identification, quantitative assessment, and localization of eosinophils in gastrointestinal tissues.
CONCLUSION: The novel staining method enables precise and efficient detection of eosinophilic granulocytes in the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract in rats, making it a promising tool for diagnosing diseases associated with eosinophilic infiltration.
nstitutional Capacity of Long-Term Care Facilities in China During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Zhang Jun , Xiao Di , Yu Yushan , Ren Jiehui , Pei Xiaomei , Zhang Wei-Hong
Published: February 2025

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has heavily impacted long-term care facilities (LTCFs) worldwide, resulting in extremely high infection and death rates within these settings. One major factor is the limited institutional capacity of long-term care facilities to respond effectively to such public health emergencies. However, there is limited research on this topic, especially concerning China. Therefore, this study seeks to examine the institutional capacities of long-term care facilities of China to better understand these challenges and identify measures for improving long-term care provision in future public health emergencies.

Objective: To assess the institutional capacity of Chinese long-term care facilities during public health emergencies.

Methods: A cross-sectional study collected data from 104 long-term care facilities across 20 provincial capitals or prefecture-level cities in China through questionnaires. Institutional capacity was measured with the social organization development index encompassing six dimensions: activity, resources, structure, environment, value and influence.

Results: Institutional capacity encompassing six dimensions showed scores of 76%, 63%, 95.9%, 75.4%, 63.1% and 74.1% in Activity, Resources, Structure, Environment, Value and Influence, respectively. These results indicate areas of strength, as well as notable gaps where improvements would be needed.

Conclusion: The social organization development index provides a comprehensive framework for assessing the institutional capacities of long-term care facilities and their roles during a public health crisis. The findings may offer insights into government policymaking related to the industry, particularly in enhancing institutional capacities to improve virus prevention and control during future public health emergencies.
Laments XVII and XVIII by Jan Kochanowski against the biblical Book of Davidic Psalms
Authors: Rusnak Radosław
Published: February 2025

Reflecting on the place of the Laments XVII and XVIII within the funerary cycle of Jan Kochanowski, the author of the article comes to the conclusion that, contrary to appearances, it is possible to identify many arguments in favor of their integral relationship with the rest of the collection. However, the fundamental purpose of the dissertation is to set both works in relation to the biblical tradition of the Book of Psalms. The author's attention is particularly drawn to the crowning phrase of Lament XVIII: "Use mercy on me today, O Lord!", which the poet uses in only slightly altered form on six other occasions, each time in a paraphrase of the Psalter of his pen. An analysis of the individual instances leads to an outline of the context in light of which a supplication uttered by a character plunged into despair can count on a favorable response from the Most High, coming to the aid of those who, in an attitude of humility, turn to Him for deliverance.
The Ways of Presenting translations on the title Pages of Books (1750–1799): true and Fictitious translation Histories of enlightenment texts
Authors: Bajer Michał
Published: February 2025

The article discusses the functions and frequency of the use of various forms of subtitles in editions of Polish translations of the Enlightenment period. The results of research reveal the following regularities: firstly, regardless of the type of the text, there are recurrent patterns of presentation of translation, in a variety of ways referring to the (real or not) publishing history of the translated works. Secondly, the identity of the original author is concealed while the status of the text as translation is erased most often in the case of short literary forms (e.g. lyrics, concise epic texts) and works which were perceived as “low” in the light of classicistic poetics (e.g. novels). Thirdly, apart from the information provided on the title pages, 18th century publishers employed other elements of the book in order to point out the authorship of the original texts or to mark the status of the work as translation in a more prominent way (e.g. introductions, footnotes, bilingual editions, inclusion of several translation of the same original text, “revealing” the individual traits of the translators).
Marek Baterowicz and his Mediterranean Itineraries
Authors: Płaszczewska Olga
Published: February 2025

The main purpose of the essay is to present Marek Baterowicz’s interest in Mediterranean culture and history. First of all some aspects of his biography are presented, including his fight for a passport and his exile. Subsequently, his achievements in the fields of poetry and translation (from Spanish, French and Italian) are analyzed and discussed. Moreover, the presence of Mediterranean motifs in Baterowicz’s writings is examined in order to sum up the dialogue with romanitas. Finally, the question of the situation of the artist in postmodern civilisation is posed.
Between Celan’s Silence and Brecht’s Precision. Translations of Bertolt Brecht’s poetry in the work of Ryszard Krynicki.
Authors: Lukas Katarzyna
Published: February 2025

The paper deals with the relationship between Ryszard Krynicki’s own poetry and his translations of Bertolt Brecht’s poems. Translations of selected poems with political overtones, published in 1975, 1980 and 2022, are compared. The analysis shows that the 1975 translation exposes and reinforces the political message of the original; however, Brecht’s references to the realities of the Third Reich and East Germany in the 1950s are updated and transferred by the translator to the context of the communist Poland in the 1970s. At the same time, Krynicki alludes in this translation to the poetics of his own work from the 1970s. The later translations (1980, 2022) weaken the political allusions of Brecht’s poems, bringing out their universal meaning instead. Krynicki strives for precision and reduction of linguistic material, for a concise, aphoristic point, which also corresponds to the evolution of his own poetic idiom over the past 40 years.
Reader-Writer Pact, Relation and Translation. On Cultural Translation à la Tout Monde in the Writings of Parick Chamoiseau
Authors: Mrowińska Agata
Published: February 2025

This article attempts to present the idea of cultural transaction in the light of Édouard Glissant’s theory of Tout-Monde and his poetics of Relation. Translation becomes a mean to introduce the Otherness to the reader who must accept its part in the reader-writer pact legitimizing the cultural transaction and its aims. As an illustration of this process serves a novel Solibo Magnifique, written by Patrick Chamoiseau in 1988.
Authors and Translators. Polish Transfictions
Authors: Rajewska Ewa
Published: February 2025

Research on transfiction – and “rethinking translation through literature”, as Rosemary Arrojo puts it – is a considerable novelty in Polish translation studies, especially in its diachronic and sociocultural aspect. The “fictional turn” in TS has not yet made itself felt very clearly in Polish literature. Yet, convinced that literary fiction thematising translation as a process and a product is an interesting reflection – and distortion – of a translator’s status and of the official translation studies discourse, the author focuses on two contemporary Polish literary texts on translation: Skrzydło sowy (1967) by Zofia Chądzyńska and Sara – Irena – Elżbieta (2020) by Elżbieta Tabakowska.
Analyzing factors in adolescent girls' school dropout: Insights from slum area
Authors: Agrawat Preeti , G Raghavendra , Chakarvarti Meghna
Published: February 2025

This paper identifies the challenges faced by girls in slum areas in accessing education. It assesses the factors contributing to early dropouts and education status in slum areas of Jaipur, Rajasthan. This research employs an exploratory study design with a mixed-method approach. Primary data was collected through interviews and semi-structured questionnaires involving 200 girls aged 12-20 from slum areas and government schools. Interviews with the girls provided in-depth insights while the semi-structured questionnaires allowed for systematic data gathering. Data from mothers, elder siblings and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) offered supplementary perspectives to triangulate and elaborate on the findings. The research identified several significant factors that impede girls' educational access in slum areas. These multifaceted challenges stem primarily from cultural, economic, and household factors and infrastructural deficiencies. Addressing the challenges through a multifaceted approach is imperative to reduce dropout rates and enhance educational outcomes for girls in slum communities. Many school-age girls have been prevented from accessing education due to a lack of awareness and the existence of various cultural beliefs. When girls reach the age of 15, many of them drop out. The findings advocate for a proactive stance in policy formulation and community engagement to ensure that every girl can pursue and complete her education. The study recommends targeted interventions by government and community engagement through supportive policies.
Quality of the preschool educational environment and its relationship to emergent literacy skills
Authors: Ramirez Paola Dominguez , Chavez Carolina Fernandez , Valenzuela Barbara , Railen Veronica
Published: February 2025

The objective of this study is to relate the quality of the educational establishment’s literary environment to the development of the emerging literacy skills of children attending preschool education in the Province of Concepción, Chile. An observational, quantitative, and correlational study was proposed that considered a sample of 38 pre-kindergarten classrooms, their preschool teachers, and 295 children. Educational orientations, processes and structural quality were all measured. Additionally, the children’s literacy skills were assessed at the beginning and end of the year. For data analysis, descriptive statistics were used at the univariate level, and then bivariate correlational analysis was applied. The results revealed that the educational quality for literacy is basic, the emotional climate is adequate, and the beliefs of the teachers vary between adequate and inadequate. The children’s progress in distinct emergent literacy skills was observed primarily in writing their names. The results also show that the quality of the environment for literacy is associated with better results for children regarding early reading and writing skills. Finally, the findings reveal the importance of promoting professional training to improve the quality of the literacy environment in the classroom and teacher practices that support language development and the skills that are precursors of literacy.
Anxiety, psychology and learning motivation in elementary school science learning: A correlational study
Authors: Syofyan Harlinda , Fadli Muhammad Rijal , Lestari Mas Roro Diah Wahyu , Pappachan Princy
Published: February 2025

This study examines the relationship between anxiety, psychological factors and the motivation to learn science among elementary school students. The research employs a quantitative approach with a correlational design. Purposive sampling was used to select the sample which consisted of 438 elementary school students from Jakarta, Indonesia.  Data were gathered through a questionnaire focused on the variables of interest. The data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the SMART-PLS 3.0 software. The findings reveal a significant value of 0.000 (p < 0.05) indicating a positive and significant relationship between anxiety, psychological conditions, and students' motivation to learn science. Anxiety and psychological factors are critical elements influencing students' motivation to learn. Teachers can better monitor students' learning progress by identifying and addressing these three factors. Properly managed anxiety and favorable psychological conditions can lead to enhanced motivation and support from teachers in fostering a conducive environment. Understanding students' psychological needs plays a crucial role in helping students achieve better academic outcomes in science.
Application of phase dynamics modeling and recurrence methods to assess the characteristics of the relationship between physiological rhythms
Authors:   Pavlov Institute of Physiology of Russian Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Russia, Dick Olga
Published: February 2025

The purpose of this work is to apply two methods of nonlinear dynamics to assess the characteristics of the relationship between time series extracted from physiological rhythms. The analyzed time series were respiratory rhythm fluctuations, arterial pressure variability curves, and variability of neuronal activity intervals in the medulla oblongata of rats before and during pain exposure.

Methods. To solve the problem of identifying the relationship and assessing the asymmetry and direction of the relationship, a method for modeling the phase dynamics of weakly coupled and weakly noisy systems and a method for calculating averaged conditional probabilities of recurrences of time series generated by interacting systems were used. As characteristics of the relationship between systems, estimates of the intensity of the influence of one system on another and estimates in the differences of the averaged conditional probabilities of recurrences
were used.

Results. To verify the robustness of the applied methods to noise, an analysis of a well-studied model of unidirectionally coupled Van der Pol oscillators was performed. The correct determination of the direction of coupling by both methods with weak noise and a decrease in the possibility of identifying the direction by the phase modeling method with increasing noise, and the preservation of the possibility of correctly determining the direction by the recurrence method were confirmed. For experimentally obtained and weakly noisy biological time series, an asymmetry of the coupling with a predominant influence of the respiratory rhythm on the variability of neuronal activity and arterial pressure, and the influence of arterial pressure variability on the neuronal activity
of the reticular formation of the medulla oblongata was found in most of the analyzed data.

Conclusion. The application of two methods for assessing the characteristics of the relationship between weakly noisy time series, both model and experimental, showed quite consistent results in the predominant influence of one system on the other.
The Considerable Case Reports: Observed Taenia Saginata after Consuming Undercooked Beef
Authors: Golafshan Pegah , Heidar Nejadi Seyede Manizhe
Published: February 2025

Taeniasis is a significant parasitic infection and zoonotic disease. This study describes the follow-up of a patient with a history of consuming undercooked beef as a result of his occupation. "A 29-year-old, robust and plump individual with a history of working in barbecue preparation", expelled tapeworm of more than 1 meter in length. Initially, by going to a pharmacy, he purchased pyrvinium pamoate suspension", and began treatment (In February 2022, and again in May 2022). Besides, he showed no other gastrointestinal symptoms or complaints except for expelling the entire worm and feeling slightly fatigued. This condition persisted for approximately 1-2 years, during which he regularly consumed raw or undercooked contaminated meat, as well as heart and liver of cattle and calves while preparing barbecue. He elucidated that he had a strong urge to eat them. Unfortunately, his treatment was discontinued when he was imprisoned for three months, during which he did not receive any medication. As a result, he mentioned that he sometimes expelled worms, some of which were more than six meters long. He also described the intense horror he felt when, at times, proglottids (segments of the parasite) appeared in his feces. As far as the author is aware, this is an important report on taeniasis, following years of healthcare efforts against parasitic diseases in Shushtar City, Khuzestan Province
Investigating the Association between Healthy Eating Index and Early Childhood Caries in Iranian Preschool Children: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Mehrabkhani Maryam , Movahhed Taraneh , Nematy Mohsen , Hoseinzadeh Melika , Mohammadi Homeira
Published: February 2025

Background: Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is known as a main global dental problem in childhood period, which oral diet may play an important role in the occurrence of this complication. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the association between dietary Healthy Eating Index (HEI) and ECC in children living in Mashhad, Iran. Methods: In the current case-control study, 732 preschool children (aged 3–6 years) were examined for dental caries and then categorized into two groups of children with ECC, or who were Caries-Free (CF). Then, the HEI was measured by analyzing a validated food frequency questionnaire, which their parents were requested to complete. The association between HEI score and the prevalence of ECC was determined using logistic regression analysis. Results:  The HEI for CF group was significantly higher than ECC group (P<0.001, CI 95%: 57.58-67.93 vs. 51.72-65.49), respectively). The mean scores of grain, milk, fruits, vegetables, and meat groups were significantly higher in CF group (P<0.001).  Children in CF group were also more compliant with recommended intake of total fat (P<0.01) and cholesterol (P<0.001). Furthermore, CF children had a significantly more diverse food item intake (P<0.001). It is noteworthy to mention that, with each unit increase in HEI score, the odds of ECC decreased by 0.04 (P=0.01, OR=0.04). Conclusion: Caries prevalence in preschool children could be prevented by enhancing food quality.
The Effect of Whey Protein Consumption on Postprandial Glucose, Insulin and Incretin Responses in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Acute-Term Controlled Clinical Trials
Authors: Salimi Zahra , Asadi Maryam , Mansoori Anahita
Published: February 2025

Background: Postprandial hyperglycemia is an important factor which contributes to glycemic status and complications of diabetes mellitus. This was a systematic review and meta-analysis that was conducted to evaluate the overall effect of whey protein consumption on postprandial glucose, insulin, and incretin hormone responses in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, PubMed, and Scopus databases were searched to find acute-term controlled clinical trials investigating the effect of all types of whey proteins on products postprandial glucose (PPG) response as the main outcome and also insulin and incretin responses as secondary outcomes in patients with T2DM. Ten trials met the eligibility criteria. A random-effects model was used to obtain pooled effect size. Results: The pooled analysis of the included trials indicated a significant reduction in the mean of glucose in the area under the curve [standard mean difference (SMD)=-1.295, 95% CI: -1.878 to -0.712, P<0.001] and also an increase in the mean of insulin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (SMD=0.562, 95% CI: 0.303 to 0.822, P<0.001, SMD=0.349, 95% CI: 0.074 to 0.624, P=0.013 and SMD=0.439, 95% CI: 0.154 to 0.724, P=0.003, respectively) in participants who consumed whey protein compared with the control group. Conclusion: According to the findings, whey protein intake is effective in reducing postprandial blood glucose as well as increasing postprandial insulin and incretin levels. Thus, whey protein can be considered a strategy to improve glycemic control in patients with T2DM.
Innovative Strategies for Smart Tourism Growth in Zhuhai, China
Authors: Nurmalinda Elda , Rahmanita Myrza , Tao Liu Zi
Published: February 2025

Zhuhai, one of China's rapidly developing tourist destinations, embraces smart tourism as a strategic approach to enhance visitor experiences, optimise resource management, and promote sustainable tourism growth. This study explores innovative strategies for implementing smart tourism in Zhuhai by integrating advanced technologies such as big data analytics, the Internet of Things (IoT), and artificial intelligence (AI). The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative interviews with stakeholders and quantitative analysis of tourism trends. Key findings highlight the importance of digital infrastructure development, seamless integration of innovative services, and fostering public-private collaborations. Challenges such as data security, stakeholder alignment, and technology adoption are addressed, providing a comprehensive framework for practical, innovative tourism development. This study contributes to the growing knowledge of smart tourism by offering actionable insights and recommendations for Zhuhai’s tourism sector, with potential applications for other emerging smart tourism destinations globally.
ProgRef v4: um software para pesquisas com programas de reforço em humanos
Authors: Becker Rodrigo Morande , Costa Carlos Eduardo
Published: February 2025

O objetivo do presente artigo é apresentar o software ProgRef v4, que foi desenvolvido para pesquisas com programas de reforço com humanos. O artigo trás instruções de como baixar o software gratuitamente, instalar em algum computador e programar sessões experimentais. O software pode ser instalado em computadores com sistema operacional Windows®, preferencialmente em versões superiores ao Windows XP SP3, compatíveis com a plataforma Microsoft Framework.NET 4.0. Os programas de reforço disponíveis são: Reforçamento Contínuo (CRF), Extinção, Razão Fixa (FR), Intervalo Fixo (FI), Tempo Fixo (FT), Reforçamento-Diferencial-de-Baixas-Taxas (DRL), Tempo Variável (VT), Intervalo Variável (VI), Razão Variável (VR) e Reforçamento-Diferencial-de-Altas-Taxas (DRH). Estes programas de reforço podem ser programados sozinhos (i.e., programa de reforço simples) ou em arranjos mais complexos (i.e., programas de reforço misto, múltiplo ou tandem).Palavras-chave: esquemas de reforçamento, sistema computadorizado, software
Metodologia de Identificação de Falhas de Circuito Aberto para o Conversor CHB
Authors: De Souza Henrique F. , Zimann Felipe J. , Batschauer Alessandro L.
Published: February 2025

Este artigo apresenta uma metodologia de identificação de falhas de circuito aberto aplicada ao conversor Cascata de Pontes Completa (Cascaded H-Bridge - CHB) que não depende da estratégia de modulação adotada. A técnica de identificação de falhas proposta neste artigo utiliza os sinais que são usualmente medidos para o controle deste conversor, tornando-o um método de fácil adaptação, podendo ser considerando de baixo custo de implementação. A identificação do evento de falha de circuito aberto de um dos interruptores é feita através da leitura do valor médio da tensão de saída. Este valor médio é tratado através de um filtro média móvel e, a partir dele, é possível determinar a condição de existência de falha do conversor. Com esta condição de falha ativa, são executados dois procedimentos principais, uma rotina de testes e uma estratégia de identificação e correção do módulo danificado. O método é validado experimentalmente utilizando um conversor CHB monofásico com quatro módulos, com modulação PDPWM. O estudo se originou da análise de falhas em módulos pontes completa quando operando sobre modulações multiníveis, também apresentado nesse artigo.
Continuous Organizational Learning and Industrial Harmony in Kenya’s Devolved Public Health Sector
Authors: Waweru et al. Beauttah M
Published: February 2025

A workplace that is harmonious and that guarantees satisfaction of workers and employers’ aspirations is essential for enhanced services provision in Kenya’s devolved public health sector. The devolved public health sector has experienced frequent and often localized health workers’ industrial actions since the devolution of health care services in 2013. These industrial actions not only affect the economic growth of the country but also have an effect on the citizens' well-being. The objective of the study was to determine the influence of continuous organizational learning on industrial harmony in Kenya’s devolved public health sector. The study was guided by Experiential Learning Theory. The study used a pragmatic research paradigm with concurrent mixed methods research methodology being the research design. The target population was 351 health workers in Level Five County Referral Hospitals selected using stratified random sampling in the CEREB. Data analysis involved both qualitative and quantitative analysis. Descriptive statistics comprised means and standard deviation, with inferential statistics comprising regression analysis. The study established that continuous organizational learning has a positive and significant influence on industrial harmony [β=1.093, p-value=.000]. Continuous organizational learning was found to enhance industrial harmony in Kenya’s devolved public health sector. The study recommended that increased efforts be put in place to enable creating, retaining and transferring knowledge within the sector. In addition, the study recommended the enhancement of continuous organizational learning to enable the sector to respond quickly and adapt to the turbulent and changing business environment. The study also recommended the need for re-training of managers within the sector in strategic human resource management and employee welfare so that the employees can become psychologically attached to the sector. The sector should also focus on promoting open and transparent communication as well as training on leadership and emotional intelligence. The training should also focus on the legal framework of engagement, diversity and inclusion. This will enable the creation of an inclusive workplace where the employees feel respected and valued, thereby reducing potential causes of conflict.
Pharmacokinetics and Chicken Meat Residue of Tilmicosin after Administration Through Drinking Water in Broiler Chicken
Authors: Anurag Borthakur , Srinivasan Ramesh , Thangamalai Ramasamy , Raghavan Gokulakannan , Sesh P.S.L. , Tirumurugaan K.G.
Published: February 2025

Background: Tilmicosin is an antimycoplasmic drug of great utility in controlling mycoplasmosis in chicken. The drug despite its efficacy, has a high residue impact leading to a long withdrawal period. In this study, an attempt has been made to rationalize the dosage to reduce the residue burden by adopting a lower dose. Methods: The dose of tilmicosin was arrived at based on a pilot study wherein different doses were administered, and the levels were checked in plasma and meat. In the main study, tilmicosin was administered to broiler chicken as a bolus oral dose or “in drinking water” at the dose rate of 25 mg. kg-1 body weight. Blood was collected at different time points for the study. A trial to assay drug residues in tissues was also carried out. The assay of tilmicosin in chicken plasma/tissues was done using a sensitive HPLC assay. Result: In both pharmacokinetics study groups, tilmicosin concentrations could be reasonably detected only in 4 of the eight birds tested. In the birds that responded, the mean plasma concentrations remained above the MIC values of 0.05 µg.ml-1. The residue level in the lung and muscle could be detected up to day 14, and no residue from 18th day, after administration of tilmicosin through drinking water. The lung, the organ of mycoplasma infection revealed high concentrations of tilmicosin up to 14 days after the last dose. The results show that the Tilmicosin administered at a reduced rate of 25 mg.Kg-1 can be useful therapeutically, with a reduced residue burden in broiler chicken.
Women vs Mothers in German, Yoruba, and Igbo Proverbs: A Paradoxical Worldview
Authors: Patricia Ezeorah Ifeyinwa , Oyedele Olajumoke , Eze Otu Godswill
Published: February 2025

According to a German proverb, a country can be judged by the quality of its proverbs. This suggests that proverbs serve as a reflection of a society’s value system. This study examines the relationship between language, gender, and culture by analyzing the representation of women and mothers in the proverbs of three distinct cultural groups: the German, Yoruba, and Igbo peoples. Although extensive research has been conducted on the role of proverbs in shaping cultural identity, there remains a gap in understanding how different categories of women, particularly mothers, are valued across linguistic and cultural contexts. To address this gap, the study adopts a qualitative approach, analyzing more than seventy proverbs collected from secondary literature, including journal articles, books, and online materials. The findings indicate a consistent pattern across all three cultures, in which society attributes greater respect and honor to mothers compared to other categories of women. As a result, proverbs often depict motherhood with a level of reverence and sensitivity that is not necessarily extended to women in general. These insights contribute to discussions on gender representation in language, highlighting the cultural significance of motherhood as a respected social role across diverse linguistic traditions.
Keywords: Comparative linguistics; cultural values; mothers; proverbs; sociolinguistics; women
Developments in precision weed management systems for precision agriculture
Authors:   CERNAS, Research Centre for Natural Resources and Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Portugal, Cardoso-Monteiro António , Christensen Svend ,   University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Published: February 2025

This chapter highlights the essential need for sustainable agriculture to mitigate the environmental impact of industrial crop production while meeting rising global food demands. It examines the transition from conventional weed management to site-specific weed management (SSWM), encompassing sophisticated weed detection techniques, data-based decision algorithms, and precise weed control tools. The chapter delves into the contribution of technologies such as remote sensing and autonomous robotics in enhancing weed management practices. Additionally, the chapter underscores the advantages of SSWM in reducing herbicide usage and advocates for the integration of intelligent robotics and precision systems to improve agricultural sustainability and efficiency, paving the way for more sustainable and productive farming practices.
Translation and Cultural Adaptation of the ISTH-Bleeding Assessment Tool to European Portuguese
Authors: Carneiro-Leão Diana , Teixeira Sofia , Queirós Pereira Rita , Mota Teresa , Lopes Manuela , Nobre-Fernandes Susana , Araújo Fernando
Published: February 2025

Introduction: A distinctive bleeding history is the first diagnostic stage of congenital hemorrhagic diseases. Furthermore, since it is in fact an assessment of the patient’s phenotype, it is not a (mere) complementary diagnostic method or test - it is an integral and intrinsic step to establish the patient’s clinical history, which is a medical act. The International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis-Bleeding Assessment Tool (ISTH-BAT) is a standardized bleeding assessment tool used during the diagnostic workup of suspected bleeding disorders. This study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the ISTH-BAT questionnaire to the European Portuguese language.Methods: The translation and cultural adaptation were based on the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research Guidelines and initiated after obtaining permission from the authors. The process involved three English to European Portuguese independent forward translations and a back translation. Discrepancies were gradually resolved. A harmonized version was presented to hemophilia patients and hemophilia carriers for cognitive debriefing.Results: The forward and back translations did not produce important discrepancies. However, some issues were identified in the cognitive debriefing, which led to the cultural adaptation of medical terms for better understanding.Conclusion: A formal translation and cultural adaptation process ensures that the new version maintains the same concepts as the original. After translation, several changes were necessary to ensure that the questionnaire was understandable by non-medical patients. We propose a European Portuguese version of the ISTH-BAT, which will require validation in further studies.
Double Aortic Arch: The Importance of Computed Tomography Diagnosis
Authors: Nicolau Vieira Maria Júlia , Ventura Clara Rosa , Mamprim de Arruda Monteiro Júlia , Nogueira Dantas Gastaldi Thaís , Duarte Márcio Luí­s
Published: February 2025

N/A
A AMP Agradece!
Authors: Cortes Carlos , Villanueva Tiago
Published: February 2025

N/A
Análise da ventilação natural em um CIAC
Authors: Silva Arthur do Nascimento , Xavier Ana Clara de Almeida , Lukiantchuki Marieli Azoia
Published: February 2025

A ventilação natural é uma estratégia projetual eficiente para o alcance do conforto térmico por meios passivos, em climas quente e úmido, além de possibilitar uma melhora na qualidade do ar interno, principalmente em ambientes com alta densidade ocupacional, tais como as salas de aula. O projeto dos Centros de Integração de Apoio à Criança e ao Adolescente – CIAC, criado em 1990, foi desenvolvido por João Filgueiras Lima, Lelé. No entanto, muitas unidades foram implantadas com alterações no que foi proposto originalmente por Lelé, descaracterizando a concepção inicial do projeto. Um desses exemplos é o Colégio de Aplicação Pedagógica localizado na Universidade Estadual de Maringá (CAP/UEM). Diante disso, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar a ventilação natural nas salas de aula no CAP/UEM, propondo alterações projetuais nos sheds, em relação ao projeto original. O método foi dividido em cinco etapas: caracterização do objeto de estudo; construção dos modelos físicos reduzidos; experimentos na mesa d´água; simulações computacionais e forma de análise dos resultados. Os resultados mostram que os sheds são eficazes para a ventilação e juntamente com as aberturas pivotantes, proporcionam uma ventilação cruzada adequada para as salas de aula. No entanto, a ventilação natural nas salas localizadas na região a sotavento tem um desempenho reduzido, apresentando uma pequena melhora através da alteração da dimensão dos sheds, tornando os dispositivos captadores mais altos do que os extratores.  Além disso, a retirada do muro próximo à edificação ou a substituição por uma opção permeável possibilitaria uma ventilação adequada ao térreo da edificação.
Islamic Organisations, Inter-religious Philanthropy and Welfare in Disaster: Some Experiences from West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia
Authors: Triantini Zusiana Elly , Susetiawan Susetiawan , Mas'udi Wawan
Published: February 2025

This article presents a case study of successful inter-religious philanthropy practices in the context of a natural disaster in Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Previous studies have shown that inter-religious philanthropy often has a hidden ideological mission, prompting resistance from the local community. This study offers a new perspective by depicting the inter-religious philanthropy practices in  West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, after the 2018 earthquake. The data show that inter-religious philanthropists work as non-state actors mitigating post-disaster poverty with various programs. The findings also indicate that optimizing the inter-religious network and actors in disaster management of the 2018 earthquake, such as distributing aid to the victims-championed by Islamic organizations, such as Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah, did not only help solve poverty and welfare problems but also strengthened inter-religious relations and solidarity in the community.
High School Students' Experiences of Exploring Life Thema in a Constructivism Career Group Counseling Program
Authors:   The Association of Korea Counseling Psychology Education Welfare, KIM Jin-Hee
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to elucidate the life theme exploration experience of high school students who participated in a constructivist career group counseling program. To this end, interviews were conducted with high school students who participated in the group counseling program based on constructivist career theory, and the results were analyzed using thematic analysis. As a result of the analysis, five categories, ten subcategories, and 25 concepts were extracted. As a result of the analysis of this study, the categories were derived as ‘discovering life theme through stories about myself’, ‘determining life theme through visualization work’, ‘gaining confidence in myself and my career path after discovering life theme’, ‘establishing career goals through stories about the future’, and ‘expanding career awareness through interaction’. The implications and limitations of the research results and suggestions for follow-up research were discussed.
The Impact of Acculturation Stress on Bicultural Acceptance Attitudes in Multicultural Adolescents: Focusing on the Mediating Effect Social Support
Authors:   The Association of Korea Counseling Psychology Education Welfare, SEONG Gyeong-Joo , KIM Suk-Bum
Published: February 2025

This study aims to investigate the relationship between acculturative stress and social support influencing bicultural acceptance attitudes among adolescents from multicultural families. Additionally, it seeks to examine the mediating effect of social support on the relationship between acculturative stress and bicultural acceptance attitudes. The study used data from the second wave of the Multicultural Adolescents Panel Study (MAPS) conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute of Korea. The research results are as follows. First, there was a significant correlation between acculturation stress, social support(r=-.639), and bicultural acceptance attitudes(r=-.457). Second, the mediating effect of social support on the relationship between acculturative stress and bicultural acceptance attitudes was confirmed(β=.598). Finally, the implications of this study and directions for future research were discussed.