bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Senior High School Students’ Collaborative Skills through Acid-Base Chemistry Practicum Activities
Authors: Dewi Shofrina Surya , Aznam Nurfina , Amaliyah Nur Inayah
Published: May 2024

This research aims to determine collaboration skills profile of class 11 students at one of the public high schools in Paciran Regency. The reason for conducting this research is collaboration skills are one of the 21st century skills that must be mastered by students. The research conducted was descriptive quantitative with a cross-sectional survey method. The population of this study was 100 students. The sampling technique used purposive sampling technique with consideration from chemistry teachers. Collaboration skills are measured using an observation sheet containing statements according to aspects of collaboration skills. Data analysis techniques using MS Excel.  Collaboration skills aspect score data was analyzed quantitatively, then converted according to calculations into the very low, low, medium, good, and very good category. The student collaboration skills profile in this research includes 8 aspects are finding solutions, responsibility, mutual respect, interdependence, cooperation, communication, listening to other people's ideas, and commitment. In this research, it was found that the best aspect of collaboration skills in the very good category was the aspect of positive interdependence at 84.30%, cooperation at 88.50% and communication at 91.00%. The research results show that the average percentage of collaboration skills for all aspects is 83.50% and is in the good category.
Enhancing 21st Century Skills for Prospective Physics Teachers through Arduino-Based Multiple Representations in Learning Heat and Temperature
Authors: Fatmaryanti Siska Desy , Kurniawan Eko Setyadi , Hakim Yusro Al , Sarwanto  , Ulfah Desy Luthfianti
Published: May 2024

There was a gap between traditional teaching and future demands and need a bridge by offering an innovative approach that allows prospective physics teachers to develop key abilities. The main purpose of this study was to improve prospective physics teacher’ 21st century skills in heat and temperature by applying multiple representations learning using Arduino based experiment. The research method used is based on the development procedures of the ADDIE research and development model which includes the stages of analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation. This study implemented design-based research with a one-group pre-post observation design. The research was conducted on 22 prospective physics teacher students. The teaching materials that have been developed passed the first stage test with a Very Good result. The validity test is assessed by expert validators. The response of students using the teaching materials is Good. In terms of effectiveness, the learning with Arduino based multi representations is able to improve the 21 st -Century Skills with an average N-Gain score of 0.35. Therefore, it can be used by lecture and those in other science fields to improve the quality of learning and developing prospective physics teachers’ 21st Century Skills.
Toxicity Test of Red-Shoot Leaves (Syzygium myrtifolium Walp.) Extract as Biolarvicide on Filariasis Vector Mortality
Authors: Supriatno Supriatno , Riska Riska , Rahmatan Hafnati , Nur Yaumil Istiqlal M. , Ulhusna Fitra Asma
Published: May 2024

The Control of Culex sp. using synthetic larvicides is harmful to the environment and human health. Biolarvicide from red shoot leaves (Syzygium myrtifolium) is a safe alternative for the environment and human health. This study aims to determine the effect of Syzygium myrtifolium leaves extract with ethanol solvent and water solvent on larval mortality and the LC50 values of these extracts. ANOVA test results (α = 0.05) on the mortality of Culex sp. larvae exposed to the ethanol extract and aqueous extract of S. myrtifolium leaves consecutively showed F-calculated (287)>F-tabulated (3,11) and F-calculated (153)>F-tabulated (3, 11). The treatment of S. myrtifolium leaves extract with ethanol and water solvents had a significant effect on the mortality of Culex sp. larvae. The LC50 value of the ethanol extract and the aqueous extract of S. myrtifolium leaves are 1659 ppm and was 2053.7 ppm. It can be concluded that S. myrtifolium leaves extracts with ethanol solvent and water solvent have an effect on the mortality of Culex sp. larvae, but are not yet effective as biolarvicide
The Effect of Concentration Transition Metal Oxide CuO as Activated Carbon-Based Supercapacitor
Authors: Doloksaribu Maryati , Halawa Erniwati , Harahap Mukti Hamjah
Published: May 2024

Supercapacitors are promising energy storage devices in future energy technology. In this research, the primary and applied aspects of supercapacitors are developed. Various techniques have been developed specifically to estimate specific capacitances. Various attempts have been made in the literature to increase the specific capacitance value of the electrode materials. Electrode materials with unique structural and electrochemical properties, such as high capacity and cyclic stability, exhibit good supercapacitor performance. Many new electrode materials have been developed to play an essential role in capacitance behavior. This research focuses on the highly efficient application of nanostructured electrode materials such as nanoporous carbon and metal oxide CuO for supercapacitors. Nanopore carbon is made from coconut shell, which is synthesized using a simple heating method. Next, carbon nanopore and CuO nanoparticle composites were carried out with composition variations of 0.5,10,15, and 20% of the total weight. The results of cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and charge-discharge tests, maximum results were obtained on a composition of 5% CuO nanoparticles with a capacitance of 280 F/gr and a conductivity of 1.14 X 10-2 S/cm. This result is due to an increase in the surface area between the pore surfaces, so more ions are trapped, causing the filling process to take place quickly.
Physics Teaching Materials Based on The Creative Problem-Solving Model with Concept Maps: The Effect on Students’ Learning Outcomes
Authors: Putri Vinna Natasya , Sundari Putri Dwi , Hufri Hufri , Sari Silvi Yulia
Published: May 2024

This motivation research is the low learning outcomes of physics students at SMA Pertiwi 1 Padang. The process of learning es the teacher does not activate students in finding solutions to problems in elasticity and static fluid material and the materials for teaching used that do not support the model of learning chosen by the teacher. The research type conducted was a quasi experiment using the Randomized Posttest Only Control Group Design. Purposive Sampling was used as a technique. Around 37 and 34 students involved in this study as experiment and class for control respectively. Data obtained from a test with multiple choice questions. Based on data analysis, the average physics outcomes of learning from students in the knowledge aspect in the in class for experimental is 82 which higher than the class for control which is 76. Hypothesis testing of the posttest conducted tc  tt where 1.831  1.666 H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, the conclusion is the research results that the use of physics material for teaching based on the creative problem-solving model with concept maps has a effect in significant on the outcomes of learning from students in class XI MIPA SMA Pertiwi 1 Padang on the knowledge aspect with a real level of 0.05.
Isolation and Characterization of Pathogenic Mold Causing Potato Tuber Rot Disease
Authors: Asharo Rizal Koen , Indrayanti Reni , Amala Azizatul , Raihan Eldrian Daffa , Tampanguma Raymond Rayhand , Putri Hilda Arsyah Eka , Pasaribu Pinta Omas , Wardana Nurul Assyifa
Published: May 2024

The potato plant (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a perennial crop that contains high amounts of carbohydrates, minerals, and vitamins in its tubers, making it a carbohydrate-rich alternative food to rice or corn. One of the diseases that often appear on potato plants is potato rot caused by pathogenic molds. This study aims to isolate and characterize pathogenic fungi that cause blight on potato tubers based on Koch's Postulates. Potato pathogenic molds were isolated from potato tubers that had been rotted, then the molds were grown on PDA and purified twice. The purified isolates were then inoculated onto 30 healthy potato tubers and incubated for 7 days. Healthy potato tubers experienced the same symptoms as potato tuber rot. The isolated pathogenic fungi were then characterized so that the pathogenic fungi of Phytophthora infestans were obtained. In this study, Koch's Postulate method was successfully applied to isolate and characterize the pathogenic fungi that cause potato tuber rot. The pathogenic fungi caused a potato tuber rot disease incidence value of 100% with a disease severity value of 60.7%. The two factors that determine the disease incidence and disease severity values are internal factors (genes and traits of the pathogen) and external factors (environment).
Study of Urban Growth Center Development Factors and Simulation The Mamminasata Urban Area
Authors: Rasyidi Emil Salim , Jumadil  , Syafri  , Rahman Rahmawati , Rusneni  , Hamsinah  , Jibran Muh. Khalil
Published: May 2024

Urban growth starts from a center and affects the surrounding areas, this is due to the emergence of additional centers that will each function as growth poles, to study the dynamics related to urban growth center information, several data and extraction and analysis methods are needed. This study examines several methods of extracting information on urban growth centers from Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS in 2013 and 2023 by utilizing the spectral resolution of Landsat imagery in the Mamminasata area, and integrating spatial modeling to simulate the growth centers of the Mamminasata area in the next 10 years (2043). The results of this research classification method show an accuracy rate of 71.48%. The results of the determinant factor test show that the most influential factors are the distance from the center of shops, slope, then the distance from the university, and the distance from the main road in 2013-2023 Mamminasata Urban Area. The results of this variable drive test are then used in spatial simulations using the markov chain simulation method in the LCM module and show an increase in the area of the growth center in the Mamminasata region, for the entire scope of the Mamminasata region, the Makassar City area shows the highest intensity of regional growth centers and becomes the center of growth in the Mamminasata urban area. The planning concept applied to the results of this study is based on resources, geographic location, and factors affecting the growth center.
Implementation of Design Thinking to Support Creativity-Oriented Learning: A Literature Review
Authors: Syaflita Dina , Efendi Ridwan , Muslim  , Azhar
Published: May 2024

Learning to Support the Implementation of Concepts for Real-World Problem Solving can be achieved by applying outcome-oriented learning that produces products as problem-solving solutions. Design Thinking is a strategy that can be utilized to support the achievement of these goals. This research aims to specifically examine the stages and characteristics of design thinking as a learning strategy oriented towards enhancing creativity. This research is a literature review study conducted using the narrative review method. The source of information used is secondary data in the form of literature related to design thinking in international journals. The literature selected is deemed capable of addressing the research questions. The results of this study indicate that design thinking is a learning process that can foster creativity. Design thinking involves a divergent thinking process in the problem-finding stage (empathy and design) and ideation. Creativity in both problem-finding and ideation resides in the realm of creative thinking. Problem-finding refers to the process of discovering various ways to obtain information about users. Ideation refers to the process of generating various solutions to solve user problems. Various literature studies demonstrate the role of design thinking in generating creative ideas and products to solve problems.
Improving Observation, Experiment Planning, and Communication Skills Based on the STEM Approach
Authors: Syahraini Yuni , Syukri Muhammad , Evendi  , Kasli Elisa , Arsad Nurazidawati Mohamad , Putri Elva Sesioria
Published: May 2024

Physics learning needs to emphasize science process skills (KPS) in students. In fact, from the results of a case study conducted at SMAN 2 Banda Aceh, it was found that the LKPD used by teachers was still conventional and there were no aspects of KPS. The purpose of this study was to determine the results of the application of physics LKPD based on the STEM approach in improving the KPS of high school students. This study used a quantitative approach of experimental type Non-Equivalent Control Group Design. The samples used in this study were X4 and X6 class students totaling seventy people taken by purposive sampling. The instrument in this study was the KPS test. Data analysis of this study used the average test, N-gain test and t-test. The results showed the average value of the experimental class KPS N-gain of 0.70 was in the high category and the control class N-gain of 0.63 was in the medium category. Based on the results of the t-test, it can be concluded that there are differences in the improvement of students' KPS in physics learning taught with the STEM approach and those taught using the direct learning model.
Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Beef Cattle Farming through the Implementation of Animal Welfare Principles, as Part of Sustainable Rural Area Development
Authors: Saefullah Encep , Kenedi Kenedi , Khaerudin Dedy
Published: May 2024

The beef cattle farming industry is facing a dual challenge - the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to combat climate change and the imperative to enhance the daily weight gain of cattle to meet growing global demand for meat. The integration of animal welfare principles stands out as a crucial and multifaceted solution that not only mitigates greenhouse gas emissions but also improves the daily weight gain of beef cattle. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of animal welfare guidelines plays a pivotal role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. By providing cattle with appropriate nutrition, minimizing stress, and ensuring a healthy and stress-free environment, the emission of methane, a potent greenhouse gas, can be significantly lowered. This approach is not just ecologically responsible; it is essential for meeting international climate commitments and preserving the health of the planet's ecosystems. In addition to its environmental benefits, the integration of animal welfare practices has a profound economic impact. Healthy and content cattle are more likely to exhibit efficient digestion and increased feed utilization, leading to higher daily weight gains. This directly improves the productivity and profitability of beef cattle farming operations. Furthermore, the production of higher-quality meat from well-cared-for animals can drive market demand and revenue, strengthening the industry's economic viability.
Development of Student Worksheets Problem Solving Oriented to Train Students' Critical Thinking Skills on Acid-Base Material
Authors: Nabila Annisa , Azizah Utiya
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this research was to describe the viability of using problem solving worksheets to teach students how to think critically about acid-base material. In assessing the viability of the student worksheets that have been developed, there are three factors that are taken into consideration, namely validity, practicality, and efficacy. In this study, 22 students from class XI MIPA 13 SMAN 1 Sidoarjo participated in a limited trial stage of the Research and Development (R&D) technique from Borg and Gall. The findings of this research indicate that validity, which comprises construct and content validity, each received a mode value of four using appropriate standards. Based on student reaction surveys, practicality reached 92.80% with extremely practical standards, and relevant student activities in the first and second meetings respectively obtained a percentage of 95 55% and 96.12%. The N-gain test yielded medium and high criteria for efficacy. The research's findings indicate that problem solving focused student worksheets are a workable way to support students in strengthening their capacity for critical thought when studying acid-base content.
the Development of E-Module IPAS Based on Problem Based Learning Assisted with Articulate Applications to Improve Students Think Critically
Authors: Saralee Adelweiss , Fitria Yanti , Sukma Elfia , Hidayati Abna
Published: May 2024

This research is motivated by the condition of independent curriculum learning in elementary schools, the modules and teaching materials are monotonous and less attractive to students, where the teaching materials used by teachers are only textbooks without interesting learning media. Apart from that, there is a lack of learning media that promotes technology. In fact, schools are currently equipped with learning tools that can support interesting learning and are able to arouse students' interest. In this independent curriculum era, researchers developed a technology-based E-module, namely "Development of E-Module IPAS Based on Problem Based Learning Assisted with Articulate Applications to Improve Students Think Critically ". With this e-module, students can access learning modules both at school and at home. This e-module is equipped with interesting features such as motion animation, learning videos, interesting pictures and reading texts. E-modules will be included in Indonesian language learning for elementaryschool students.
 
Keywords: E-Modul, Interactive, Articulate Storyline 3.
Accurately Determining Labor Test Results Using the Rough Set Method
Authors: Devita Retno , Defit Sarjon
Published: May 2024

An exam is something that must be done to test a person's ability or intelligence. The laboratory exam in the Computer Systems study program at Putra Indonesia University "YPTK" Padang consists of a digital systems exam, a fuzzy logic control exam, and a tool presentation. The Labor Exam must be passed by students who will take the comprehensive exam. In this study, laboratory exam data was taken for 20 students. So far, processing of student laboratory exam results has been done manually so it takes a long time to make decisions. To overcome this problem, a Rough Set method is used to determine laboratory test results. The Rough Set method is part of machine learning. This research produces 29 rules as knowledge, namely {Digital System} Or {A} = 3 rules, {Fuzzy Logic} Or {B} = 3 rules, {Tool Presentation} Or {C} = 3 rules, {Fuzzy Logic, Tool Percentage} Or {BC} = 6 rules, {Digital System, Fuzzy Logic} Or {AB} = 6 rules and {Digital System, Tool Percentage} Or {AC} = 8 rules. The Rough Set method can determine student laboratory exam results (pass or fail) accurately.
Rought Set: Effective Method for Determining Scholarship Recipients
Authors: Andin Silfia , Defit Sarjon
Published: May 2024

Every year, higher education institutions receive a KIP Tuition scholarship quota that has been determined by Ristek Dikti through LLDIKTI which is given during the new student admissions process. The process of determining recipients is carried out manually resulting in inaccurate scholarship recipients being selected and the selection results may not be the same based on those who participated in making the decision. This research is motivated by the need for an algorithm for determining prospective scholarship recipients that is appropriate and effective because the recipient selection process often takes a long time because many high school and equivalent students register so that they exceed the quota limit while the quota given is limited. This research aims to use a system for scholarship recipients and provide rules and knowledge, namely rough set Theory and adapted to the Rosetta application, using prospective student data during the selection process for new students who apply for the KIP Kuliah scholarship in the 2020/2021 academic year. The resulting decision is the KIP Opportunity which consists of 4 (four) attributes, including parents' income, housing status, dependents, and parental status. The results of this research using sample data from 12 people produced 6 (six) rules and knowledge of 26 rules. This research is very supportive in identifying the eligibility of KIP Kuliah recipients.
The Use of Insecticides Viewed from a Technical View of Applications in Corn Crops: Case Study of Corn Farmer Behavior
Authors: Arfan Arfan , Sudewi Sri , Mukhlis Mukhlis , Ningsih Mismawarni Srima
Published: May 2024

Synthetic insecticides are still used as the main solution in suppressing herbivorous insect attacks on maize at the farm level. The purpose of this research is to determine and find new ways farmers use insecticides wisely through a multi-aspect approach. The method used to determine the sample was purposive sampling with 50 corn farmers spread across five villages in the Tambulava sub-district. Primary data collection was obtained by observation through direct interviews with corn farmers using a prepared semi-structured questionnaire, and secondary data were obtained through a literature study and various sources related to research issues. Quantitative data were analyzed by simple tabulation (cross-tabulation analysis), while qualitative data were analyzed using an interpretation of existing phenomena. The results showed that four herbivorous insect species attacked corn plants in the Tanambulava District: Spodoptera frugiperda, Helicoverva armigera, Ostrinia furnacalis, and Locusta sp. Insecticide application time by local farmers is generally done in the morning by 90%, with application frequency varying 1-3 times a week. There are 13 active insecticide ingredients used by corn farmers in Tambulava District, Sigi Regency.
Development Augmented Reality Based Flashcards on Molecular Geometry Material for Increasing Interest in Learning High School Student
Authors: Rahmawati Reny Alfina , Kamaludin Agus
Published: May 2024

Application with integration technology required for describing material geometry molecular nature abstract become more concrete. Study This aims to develop learning media flashcards based on augmented reality material geometry molecules and knowing quality product which was developed. Study This adapts from the ADDIE (analyze, design, development, implementation, and evaluation) model. Quality products will validate and rated by one expert material, one media expert, four reviewers (chemistry teacher), and responded by ten high school students. Instruments used for study form sheet evaluation quality product use the Likert scale and sheets respond students use the Guttman scale. Rating result quality products by expert material obtain a percentage of 96% in the Very Good category, from earned media expert percentage of 92.8% in the Very Good category, for reviewer chemistry teacher get a percentage of 95.4% in the Very Good category, and get response positive from student with percentage 98%. Based on the results evaluation can concluded that developed products _ are worthy using as alternative learning media for the material geometry molecule for increased interest Study high school students
Understanding the Solution-Making Ability of Senior High School Students in Solving Photosynthesis Problems
Authors: Almualimah Viki Afifah , Fadly Wirawan , Tumennasan Munkhmaral
Published: May 2024

This study further explains the errors made by senior high school students when trying to solve photosynthesis problems. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, involving a sample of four senior high school students. The study results will be discussed with Polya's problem-solving procedure, which includes understanding, planning, execution, and checking. Errors at the comprehension stage are in understanding the relationship between photons and photosynthetic light reactions and in drawing genealogies. Errors in the planning stage, in making wrong assumptions or inaccuracies in interpreting those derived from the understanding stage. In addition, this study found errors in identifying chemical reactions in photosynthesis and errors in mathematical reasoning competence. The conclusion of this study shows the failure in making photosynthesis problem-solving solutions due to the interaction between the problem-solving phase and the student's general competence.
Application of Fractal Formalism for Express Analysis of Mechanical Properties of Parts
Authors: Hlushkova Diana , Volchuk Volodymyr , Yaremenko Oleksandr
Published: May 2024

Problem The choice of processing methods plays a decisive role in the formation of the set of properties of the original part, especially the methods of surface processing. Problem. Detonation coatings, as a type of gas-thermal coatings, due to the highest characteristics, are increasingly used in various industries. Due to the highest characteristics (bonding strength with the substrate up to 250-280 MPa), detonation spraying can be better for strengthening and restoring the most responsible and loaded parts and assemblies. Goal. Detonation spraying increases the mechanical properties of various parts of a responsible purpose, whose surface wears out during operation. It is proposed to apply the theory of fractals to estimate the mechanical properties of hydraulic hammer parts. Methodology Evaluation of the mechanical properties of parts after detonation spraying using non-destructive control methods based on structure analysis is complicated due to the complex configuration of the shape of its components. A heterogeneous and geometrically complex structure is characteristic of many surfaces after various types of spraying/dosing device (block), fuel oil or air is blown in specified portions – finely dispersed powder into the gas mixture immediately before its ignition, then the gas mixture is ignited. Results. As a result of ignition and movement along the channel of the combustible mixture, it explodes with the release of a significant amount of heat and the formation of a detonation wave, which accelerates and transfers through the barrel to the surface of the part the particles that are sprayed, with a speed determined by the geometry of the barrel and the composition of the gas. Originality. The fractal dimension D of the structure of the hammer and the peaks of the hydrohammer after detonation spraying at a magnification of 100 was calculated according to the Hausdorff formula where is the number of cells with linear size, that cover the object under. A method of comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of strengthening technologies for increasing the durability of hydraulic hammer parts has been created and tested, which is based on testing parts after various strengthening options and provides action during the loading process of pressures and gas-dynamic characteristics that simulate the relevant parameters of operational loads. Practical value. Tests of parts strengthened by the researched methods showed that, compared to the initial version, a significant increase in wear resistance is achieved: Mathematical models are obtained, which makes it possible to carry out an operational forecast of the mechanical properties of hydraulic hammer parts strengthened by detonation spraying based on the analysis of their fractal structure within an error of up to 6%.
Compact complexes for preparing various types of construction mixtures
Authors: Blazhko Volodymyr , Anishchenko Anna , Sayenko Leonid , Hryhorkiv Oleksiy
Published: May 2024

The basis for creating the proposed technological complexes are new designs of concrete mixers operating in cascade mode. A methodology for calculating the main parameters of technological sets of equipment is proposed, depending on the use of the base machine of the set. The diversity of the proposed equipment, as well as technological lines and kits, are not aimed at solving the problem of preparing dry construction mixtures of various recipes used on the construction site. Problem. However, there are a number of unresolved issues in the process of preparing dry construction mixtures: increased wear of working bodies and mixer bodies, long preparation time of complex compositions, the presence of segregation during the preparation of the mixture, and even the difficulties of preparing mixtures directly on the construction site. Goal. The goal is to create, on the basis of mixers, new construction solutions of small-sized sets of equipment for preparing construction mixtures for various purposes, including reinforcing filler in the form of polypropylene fiber. At the first stage of research, in order to achieve the set goal, it is necessary to develop a model of the proposed kits and a methodology for determining the main performance indicators of the researched kits. Methodology. The method is proposed of determining the main technical and economic indicators of making small sets of equipment using mixers of a new construction solution as the basic machine, which allows you to perform design calculations of the proposed equipment and choose the elements of the drive parts of its working bodies based on the results of kinematic and force calculations. The models of technological sets of equipment with a horizontal layout for the preparation of building mixtures for various purposes are presented. Results. The proposed method makes it possible to calculate the required power of the power source, which is a relevant issue when performing construction works using mobile power sources.
Symbolic Meaning and Trisilas Values in the Bakti Purnamasari Traditional Ceremony
Authors: Hapidzin Rivaldi Indra , Masunah Juju , Narawati Tati , Sunaryo Ayo
Published: May 2024

The Bakti Purnamasari traditional ceremony serves as a vessel for the community to engage in spiritual practices that have been passed down through generations, based on references from the Pantun Pajajaran Bogor manuscripts. Additionally, this traditional ceremony serves as a social platform for communal activities. The Bakti Purnamasari Ceremony transcends beyond a mere series of religious rituals; it becomes a manifestation of cultural continuity and social involvement laden with values and meaning. In this context, the ceremony not only embodies spiritual values but also significantly contributes to the formation of community identity and the reinforcement of social solidarity. In the context of this article, the aim is to describe and analyze the research findings related to symbols, subsequently elaborating on their meanings and the trisilas value namely, silih asih,silih asah, and silih asuh embedded in the Bakti Purnamasari traditional ceremony in Sukabumi. The research methodology employed is descriptive analysis with a qualitative approach. Participants in the study were selected from cultural figures in the city of Sukabumi, deemed valuable sources of information due to their rich knowledge and experiences associated with the Bakti Purnamasari Ceremony. Data collection techniques included observation, interviews, and documentary studies, with data analysis using triangulation. The research results indicate that the symbols in the traditional ceremony are reflected through offerings with intended meanings expressing gratitude for the blessings received. The trisilas values in the Bakti Purnamasari ceremony portray sincere expressions of love and affection, mutual filling or synergy, and a sense of selfless care.
The Existence of Woman Filmmakers in Film Ecosystem of Bandung
Authors: Swaradesy Rufus Goang , Rembulan Dara Bunga
Published: May 2024

The art of filmmaking is a creative process that involves collaboration from various parties and aspects. This also inspired women filmmakers to create their own works. Many women filmmakers have successfully addressed important issues through their films. The number of women filmmakers in Bandung is still relatively low. Based on data obtained from film communities in Bandung, women filmmakers account for only about one-third of the total number. However, women filmmakers have achieved various notable accomplishments on both national and international levels. This research was conducted to understand the presence of women filmmakers in Bandung within the scope of the national film. Data were obtained in collaboration with Bandung Film Commission (BFC). The informants were women filmmakers who are originally from Bandung and have made contributions to the national film industry. This paper represents a qualitative descriptive study. The research subjects were women filmmakers in Bandung, and the selection of informants was done using purposive sampling techniques. The results of the research indicate that the presence of women filmmakers does not happen instantly. There are internal and external factors that support the development of skills in filmmaking. The level of filmmaking activity in the region is crucial, making the presence of film communities in Bandung highly supportive of the emergence of women filmmakers on the national stage. The existence of women filmmakers is marked by their works, attitudes, and professions. To sustain the existence of women filmmakers, harmony between the realms of education, the professional world, and film associations is essential.
Playground of resistance: Transforming social psychological boundaries into meaningful space
Authors: Sinha Chetan
Published: May 2024

The systems of playing and the power of playground design affect the social, emotional, cognitive, and physical development of children. Some playgrounds are systematically designed, and some are explored and created by the children. In the first case, playgrounds are imposed by parents, school authorities and urban localities with instructions and boundaries. In the second case, children, especially those from marginalized groups and segregated areas, try to explore their playgrounds and develop a sense of achievement. Therefore, children create their own space despite daily exclusions. Their imagination and free will to explore their social world become the symbol of their resistance. The construction of their play is a kind of collective activity that creates hope for a meaningful group process. This research is a qualitative program to venture into marginalized children's understanding of play, how they meaningfully construct their play and their collective sense of resistance to dominant playgrounds exclusively occupied by dominant groups.
The kaleidoscope of bizarreness: The analysis of first-person-reports shows the relationship between dreaming and mind wandering to be complex
Authors: Kirberg Manuela , Windt Jennifer
Published: May 2024

Unusual features of dream experience, referred to as bizarreness, are at the heart of theoretical debates about the relationship between dreaming and waking experiences. Prominent dream theories consider bizarreness as a distinctive and pervasive feature of dreaming. Others foreground the continuity between dreaming and waking consciousness, claiming that a majority of dreams are realistic and wake-like. Bizarreness has also been proposed as a dimension along which dreaming is an intensified form of waking mind wandering. While increasing research is focusing on the systematic comparison between dreaming and waking mind wandering, including bizarreness, this has largely been done through questionnaires and global ratings. Here, we present the first systematic investigation of bizarreness in dream and mind wandering reports using fine-grained content analysis. To do so, we adapted and expanded the most comprehensive existing dream bizarreness scale (The Content Analysis of Bizarreness Scale) and applied it, for the first time, to first-person reports of both dreaming and waking mind wandering. The content of 380 dreaming and mind wandering reports was analyzed by differentiating individual content elements (such as Self, Locations, Events) and types and subtypes of bizarreness. This fine-grained analysis revealed that bizarreness is not unique to dreaming, and different types and subtypes characterize waking mind wandering to varying degrees. Moreover, there is no simple quantitative difference such that dreaming is more bizarre than mind wandering along all contents or bizarreness types and subtypes. We conclude that bizarreness is kaleidoscopic: How it applies to dreaming as compared to mind wandering depends on the precise rating and level of measure used. While dreaming and mind wandering are similarly bizarre in some respects, in others, each has their own distinctive bizarreness profile. We propose that our findings can inform and guide future work not just on bizarreness in dreams and mind wandering, but also more broadly on the relationship between conscious experience in sleep and wakefulness.
GeoAI and the Future of Spatial Analytics
Authors: Li Wenwen , Arundel Samantha
Published: May 2024

This chapter discusses the challenges of traditional spatial analytical methods in their limited capacity to handle big and messy data, as well as mining unknown or latent patterns. It then introduces a new form of spatial analytics – geospatial artificial intelligence (GeoAI) - and describes the advantages of this new strategy in big data analytics and data-driven discovery. Finally, a convergent spatial analytical framework is suggested as a potential future pathway for spatial analysis.
A View Worth Talking About: The Influence of Social Interaction on Aesthetic Experience and Well-Being Outcomes in the Gallery
Authors: Igdalova Aleksandra , Nawaz Safiyyah , Chamberlain Rebecca
Published: May 2024

Art museums are inherently social spaces, and social interaction is a key element of arts-based health interventions. Despite this, the effects of viewing art in social contexts remain largely unexplored in empirical aesthetics. This research presents the first experimental, large-scale study to systematically investigate how social interactions, especially through meaningful conversation, influence aesthetic experience and well-being. Conducted within a special exhibition space at Manchester Art Gallery, this experiment employed a between-participant design in which visitors (N = 240) were randomly assigned to either an Individual viewing condition, a Synchronized silent group viewing condition, or a Discussion-based group viewing condition. Participants viewed two paintings for 10 minutes each while listening to a series of slow-looking prompts. While we observed overall increases in well-being markers such as valence, positive affect, and social connectedness, there were notable group differences as well. Namely, the Discussion group reported higher scores in various aesthetic experience outcomes as compared to the Synchronized group, although the Individual group also reported higher emotional engagement and gallery experience ratings as compared to Synchronized participants. However, only participants in the Discussion group exhibited significant well-being impacts, reporting increased positive affect, social connectedness, and group closeness relative to the Synchronized group. This study highlights the potential for integrating discussion-based art viewing into gallery programming to deepen art engagement and promote visitor well-being, offering valuable insights for museum curators and educators.
Testing the Reinforcement Model: Aggression’s Longitudinal and Reciprocal Links with Forecasted and Felt Aggressive Pleasure
Authors: Chester David
Published: May 2024

The Reinforcement Model of Aggression holds that transient experiences of positive affect surrounding aggressive acts promotes subsequent aggression. Yet, a longitudinal test of this model is lacking. To fill this gap, I conducted a three-wave longitudinal study (~20 days between waves) in which 469 diverse undergraduates at a Minority Serving Institution repeatedly forecasted how pleasant they expected aggression to feel, perpetrated an aggressive act, and then reported how pleasant it felt. Longitudinal growth in both forecasted and felt aggressive pleasure was positively correlated with growth in aggressive behavior. Further, the better that aggression felt on one wave, the more aggressive people were on the next. Suggesting that these effects contribute to broader patterns of aggressive tendencies across the lifespan, dispositionally-aggressive participants forecasted and felt more aggressive pleasure over time. Forecasts of aggressive pleasure were broadly inaccurate, though their inaccuracy had few implications for aggression. These results highlight the diverse ways that forecasted and felt positive affect reinforce aggression over time.
Global Perspective on Italian Capitalism
Authors: Ranaldi Marco
Published: May 2024

This paper investigates the relationship between national and global distributions of capital and labor income in Italy from 1989 to 2020. By combining data from the Global Capital and Labor (GCL) Database and the Italian Survey of Household Income and Wealth (SHIW), it presents five principal findings. First, between 1989 and 2016, Italians consistently declined in their global income rankings based on both capital and labor income. Second, during this period, individuals in the lower income deciles across all regions (North, Center, and South of Italy) experienced more significant declines in both types of income. Third, these trends reversed from 2016 to 2020. Fourth, labor income became a more crucial determinant of global income status for Italians compared to capital income. Fifth, transfer income can no longer elevate Italians at the bottom of the labor income distribution to global middle-class standards, unlike in the past. (Stone Center on Socio-Economic Inequality Working Paper)
Rivalry or Solidarity: Influence of Siblings in Childhood on Cognitive Function and Cognitive Decline in Later Life
Authors: Li Yiang
Published: May 2024

Health disparities in cognition at older ages may be caused by cumulative disadvantages from childhood, including the family structure in siblings. This paper draws on attachment and confluence theory to develop hypotheses that I test with data from the Health and Retirement Study linked to the 1940 U.S. Census. Using latent growth curve models with entropy balancing weights by the childhood family and contextual covariates, I estimate the long-term causal influence of sibship. A fully-adjusted model shows that having co-residing siblings in childhood is associated with faster rates of cognitive decline in late adulthood. The results also show heterogeneities by the sibling gender composition, with the brother-brother siblings have worse cognitive function in later life, whereas female siblings face steeper cognitive decline. The paper suggests that resource dilution between siblings may be a cumulative risk factor for cognitive aging.
Effect of selected spices on the proximate composition, shelf life and sensory properties of cashew nut butter
Authors:   Department of Home Science and Management, Rivers State University, Faculty of Agriculture, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, P.M.B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria., Orisa C. A. , Amadi A. O. ,   Department of Food Science and Technology, Rivers State University, Faculty of Agriculture, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, P.M.B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria., Achinewhu S. C. ,   Department of Food Science and Technology, Rivers State University, Faculty of Agriculture, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, P.M.B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria., Owunna R. N. ,   Department of Food Science and Technology, Rivers State University, Faculty of Agriculture, Nkpolu-Oroworukwo, P.M.B. 5080, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
Published: May 2024

The effect of selected spices on the proximate composition, shelf life and sensory properties of cashew nut butter was evaluated. Cashew kernels were milled into paste and spiced with ginger (Zingiber officinals), cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum), garlic (Allium sativum) and uda (Xylopia aethiopica) while unspiced cashew butter was used as control. The samples were evaluated for their proximate composition and sensory properties. These were kept at room temperature and analyzed for microbial properties. Proximate composition revealed that moisture content ranged from 25.66-36.09%, ash 4.08-5.35%, fat 40.16-55.31%, crude protein 1.64-2.35%, crude fibre 2.39-4.51%, while the carbohydrate content ranged 4.49-15.06%. The energy value was determined, and ranged from 433.15-525.16 Kcal. Ash content was significantly (p<0.05) higher in sample spiced with uda, fat and crude protein in ginger spiced sample, carbohydrate and crude fibre in uda and garlic spiced sample. Initial total bacterial count of the samples showed that the sample spiced with garlic had the lowest count (1.35×103 CFU/g) and after 2 weeks, cinnamon spiced butter had the lowest count (1.95×104 CFU/g). Initial total coliform count of the samples (1.05×10 - 5.35×10 CFU/g) was lower in the control sample and after 2 weeks, uda spiced butter had the highest count (1.55×102 CFU/g). Initial total mould count showed no growth for control sample and samples spiced with ginger and garlic. After 2 weeks, only the control sample recorded no growth; however, all butter samples had total mould count within the recommended standard of 103 CFU/g for mould. Sensory analysis revealed that the control sample was highly preferred by the panelist and this was followed closely by the cinnamon spiced sample. This study recommends the use of cinnamon for shelf life extension of cashew nut butter which will result in cashew butter of improved shelf life and nutritional qualities.
Impact of maternal education on the development of severe acute malnourished children
Authors: Jain Vaishali , Agrawal Avyact , Shivangi Tomar  , Akhilendra Singh Parihar
Published: May 2024

Background: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is a grave form of undernutrition that has been recognized as a medical and social disorder. Various factors contribute to the development of SAM, but the impact of maternal education on the nutritional status and development of the child is of paramount importance since focused interventions in this aspect can yield promising results.
Aims and Objectives: The aims and objectives of the study are to assess the impact of maternal education on the development of children with SAM.
Materials and Methods: A total of 125 SAM children in the age group 12–30 months were enrolled in this prospective observational study from among those admitted to the nutritional rehabilitation center of a tertiary care center in central India. The developmental status of SAM children was assessed using the Developmental Assessment Scale of Indian Infants. The association of maternal education with the development of SAM children was analyzed.
Results: Overall developmental delay was observed in 44.8% of SAM children, whereas motor and mental development delay was noted in 45.6% and 44% of SAM children. The maternal education level was significantly associated with the overall development of the SAM child. (P=0.043 for motor development, P=0.017 for mental development, P=0.023 for motor developmental delay).
Conclusion: Maternal education plays a key role in improving the developmental status of SAM children, who are more prone to developmental delays across various domains. Efforts toward enhancing maternal education, especially knowledge regarding child nutrition and development, can reduce the incidence and improve the management of SAM in children.